Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of High Resolution Polarimetry Data of Static Targets in Automatic Target Recognition Context

Abstract : Reduction of false alarm with acceptable accuracy of classification rate is a challenge in Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. This report addresses the evaluation of polarimetric techniques features, benefits of applying Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform on the polarimetric features, and the technique of training data selection to improve the classification accuracy and to reduce the false alarm in small stationary targets of high-resolution full polarimetric SAR images. The Pauli and Cameron decompositions, Self Organizing Maps, and Span techniques are applied on the polarimetric data and then Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform is applied to improve the performance. Two types of training data (one with samples of target only and the other with samples of target and Not-a-target) are used to train the Holographic Neural Technology (a neural network) classifier. The results show the Self Organizing Map feature extraction technique with Fourier Transform algorithm has a better classification rate and low false alarm. The ATR system trained with samples of target and not-a-target, produced low false alarm compared to the one trained with samples of target alone.
V1507 CYGNI (HD187399): A Highly Evolved, Enigmatic Interacting Binary System with an Eccentric Orbit

The properties of the interacting, eccentric orbit binary V1507 Cyg (HD187399) are examined with spectra that cover wavelengths from 0.63–0.68 μm. The spectrum of the brightest star is similar to that of the B8 I star β Ori, although with absorption lines that show substructure possibly related to a varying tidal field. The bulk of the Hα emission in the spectrum appears to be associated with this star. Evidence is presented that the period of the system has been stable over timescales of many decades, arguing against large-scale mass transfer at the current epoch. Absorption and emission lines are identified that originate in an expanding asymmetric envelope around the companion, and component masses of 6.4 ± 0.9 and 14.0 ± 0.9 M ⊙ are found, where the former applies to the brighter star and an inclination of 46° has been assumed. Mass transfer has thus progressed to the point where the mass ratio has reversed. It is argued that the brighter star is an α Cyg variable, and that it is those light variations that dominate the system light curve. V1507 Cyg is observed at or near the center of a diffuse H i bubble that is detected at 408 and 1420 MHz. It is suggested that the eccentric orbit is the result of evolution in a hierarchical system, in which a now-defunct massive third body recently disturbed the orbit of the stars in V1507 Cyg, thereby disrupting mass transfer.
Shallow High Resolution Seismic Reflection to Delineate Upper 400 M Around a Collapse Feature In Central Kansas

Shallow seismic reflection techniques successfully delineated reflectors altered by localized dissolution of the 400 m deep and 125 m thick Permian Hutchinson Salt Member in central Kansas. Seismic images of the altered portion of the salt unit at this site possess more detail and resolution than previous attempts to map the configuration of dissolution altered zones or appraise the risk, rate. andextent ofcontinued surface subsidence over the 120,000 square km tract that overlies the Hutchinson Salt Member in Kansas and Oklahoma. Three nominal 48-fold seismic reflection profiles were acquired around the gradually subsiding French sinkhole. The CDP stacked sections possess a dominant frequency of around 100 Hz and therefore a vertical resolution potential of about 3 m. Roof failure and staggered subsidence of units overlying the salt is evident and suggestive of not only continued subsidence, but the potential for non-uniform subsidence rates. The prominent reflections from within the 125m thick salt are from anhydrite layers known to extend laterally for several 10s of kilometers. These anhydrite layers clearly mark the shape and preferential orientation of the area within the salt that has been disturbed and undergone roof failure acoustically represented by a chaotic zone, likely indicative of a rumble area. The more than 15 msec of difference in the amount of subsidence between the shallowest reflection and the Stone Corral Anhydrite reflection just above the salt (an interval of about 250 m) is a probable indicator of future subsidence.
WWTP Process Tank Modelling: The Integration of Advanced Hydrodynamicand Microbiological Models

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Estimating the effect of international crude oil prices on RMB exchange rate with two-way fluctuation spillover

International crude oil prices has become one of the important factors that affect exchange rate fluctuation. By combining TVP-VAR model and DY time-varying spillover index, this paper measures the two-way fluctuation spillover effect between international crude oil prices and RMB exchange rate from 2011 to 2022. The research results show that: (1) There are obvious time-varying characteristics among international crude oil prices, onshore RMB exchange rate and offshore RMB exchange rate, and they are strengthened when major events occur at home and abroad; (2) The spillover and absorption level among international crude oil prices, onshore RMB exchange rate and offshore RMB exchange rate is relatively limited; (3) After the “exchange rate reform on August 11”, the market participation of RMB exchange rate has increased year by year, and the offshore RMB is mainly net spillover, while the onshore RMB is mainly reflected as a recipient; (4) The offshore RMB exchange rate has a driving effect on the onshore RMB exchange rate. Based on this, it is necessary to orderly promote the development and utilization of new energy, actively promote the market-oriented reform of RMB exchange rate, play the leading role of offshore market, and accelerate the construction of crude oil-RMB settlement system.
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in ialB, gltA and rpoB genes of Bartonella bacilliformis isolated from patients in endemic Peruvian regions

Bartonella bacilliformis is a Gram-negative, aerobic bacterium and the known causal agent of Carrion’s disease, still considered a neglected disease. There is limited information about the nucleotide sequences of this bacterium in international databases, and few studies have addressed the genetic diversity of B. bacilliformis. We analyzed a total of 20 isolates of B. bacilliformis from the Peruvian regions of Ancash and Cajamarca. Three genes (ialB, gltA, and rpoB) were sequenced in each isolate and nucleotide sequences retrieved from GenBank (16 B. bacilliformis genomes) were also included in the study. All this information was merged in order to obtain clearer evidence of the phylogenetic relationships of B. bacilliformis. In the phylogenetic analysis conducted with the concatenated markers, four isolates (B.b-1, B. b-3, B. b- 7, B.b-8) from the Ancash region were observed to form a subgroup different from B. bacilliformis type strain KC583, showing dissimilarity levels of 5.96% (ialB), 3.69% (gltA) and 3.04% (rpoB). Our results suggest that B. bacilliformis consists of two different subgroups. Future investigations are needed to establish the taxonomic status of these subgroups.
Wanderings in the great forests of Borneo

First published in Italian in 1902, this book is a vivid record of the diversity of the tropical plant life of Borneo as seen through the eyes of a dedicated botanist. Reflecting Beccari's detailed notes and diaries of his visits to Borneo between 1865 and 1877, this engaging narrative offers a rare glimpse of Borneo at a time when it had barely been touched by modern development.
Postpandemic fear of COVID‐19, psychological distress, and resilient coping among frontline health workers in Ghana: An analytical cross‐sectional study

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has significantly impacted the psychological well‐being of healthcare workers globally. However, little is known about the mental health state of frontline health workers in the postpandemic era. The purpose of this study was to examine postpandemic COVID‐19‐related psychological distress and fear among frontline health workers in Ghana.
Modeling ecohydrological impacts of land management and water use in the Silver Creek basin, Idaho

A number of anthropogenic stressors, including land use change and intensive water use, have caused stream habitat deterioration in arid and semiarid climates throughout the western U.S. These often contribute to high stream temperatures, a widespread water quality problem. Stream temperature is an important indicator of stream ecosystem health and is affected by catchment‐scale climate and hydrological processes, morphology, and riparian vegetation. To properly manage affected systems and achieve ecosystem sustainability, it is important to understand the relative impact of these factors. In this study, we predict relative impacts of different stressors using an integrated catchment‐scale ecohydrological model that simulates hydrological processes, stream temperature, and fish growth. This type of model offers a suitable measure of ecosystem services because it provides information about the reproductive capability of fish under different conditions. We applied the model to Silver Creek, Idaho, a stream highly valued for its world‐renowned trout fishery. The simulations indicated that intensive water use by agriculture and climate change are both major contributors to habitat degradation in the study area. Agricultural practices that increase water use efficiency and mitigate drainage runoff are feasible and can have positive impacts on the ecosystem. All of the mitigation strategies simulated reduced stream temperatures to varying degrees; however, not all resulted in increases in fish growth. The results indicate that temperature dynamics, rather than point statistics, determine optimal growth conditions for fish. Temperature dynamics are influenced by surface water‐groundwater interactions. Combined restoration strategies that can achieve ecosystem stability under climate change should be further explored.
Use of a Novel Hypercrosslinked Carbohydrate Scaffold for Vocal Fold Medialization in an Ovine Model

Abstract Objectives Vocal fold medialization is commonly performed for glottic insufficiency and vocal fold immobility. Currently available materials are temporary injectables or synthetic implants. Acellular scaffolds may allow vocal fold augmentation with autologous tissue via host cell migration. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the use of a novel carbohydrate scaffold as a medialization implant. Study Design Animal model. Setting Academic medical center. Methods Unilateral type I medialization thyroplasty was performed in 3 Dorper cross ewes using a hypercrosslinked carbohydrate polymer (HCCP) scaffold. Animals were monitored for 4 weeks for general well‐being, dyspnea, and weight loss. The animals were euthanized at 4 weeks and the larynges harvested. Histologic evaluation was performed to assess for adverse tissue reaction, migration, degradation, and biocompatibility. Results No adverse events were reported. No animals lost weight or displayed evidence of dyspnea. Histology demonstrated ingrowth of host cells and neovascularization with minimal peri‐implant inflammatory reaction. Cellular ingrowth into the scaffold was predominately made up of fibroblasts and early inflammatory cells. Scaffold shape was grossly maintained as it underwent degradation and replacement with host tissue. Migration of the implant material was not observed. Conclusion Vocal fold medialization in an ovine model with an HCCP scaffold resulted in the ingrowth of host cells with minimal peri‐implant inflammation. Scaffold shape was maintained without evidence of migration as it underwent replacement with host tissue. Further research is required to assess long‐term efficacy in comparison to currently available implants.
Vertical Structure of the Baroclinic Tides in the Central North Pacific Subtropical Gyre

Abstract Cruises are made monthly to the World Ocean Circulation Experiment deep-water station, about 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii. During these cruises, the principal causes of variability in dynamic height are the internal tides having a range about 30% of the annual range in dynamic height. The internal tides have peak-to-peak vertical displacements of up to 30 dbar but show little vertical coherence. At the diurnal frequencies modal fits typically require 6–8 baroclinic modes to account for 90% of the variance, suggesting that the diurnal tide should not be described in terms of dynamic modes. The semidiurnal tide has about two to three times the amplitude of the diurnal tide and shows more vertical phase coherence, but still requires three or four modes to describe it. Generally, the dominant mode is the second or third mode.
A physical habitat model for predicting the effects of flow fluctuations in nursery habitats of the endangered Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius)

Larval and juvenile Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius) use shallow, low‐velocity, channel‐margin areas (backwaters) as nursery habitats. It is hypothesized that within‐day flow fluctuations caused by hydropower operations can directly affect the suitability of such habitats by altering water temperature and habitat geometry. Despite the importance of backwaters to juvenile fishes, there is a lack of established approaches for modelling how river management affects these habitats. Here, we describe a physical habitat model that predicts the effects of mainstem flow variation on backwater temperature, geometry and invertebrate availability. We specifically modelled these effects on habitat in a portion of the Green River in Utah below Flaming Gorge Dam. The overall model combines a cell‐based model of backwater geometry, a pond‐based temperature model and a model of invertebrate production. Results from a series of simulations suggest that the most important biological effects of within‐day flow fluctuations are likely to be those associated with the availability of invertebrate prey including (1) minimum wetted area, (2) the proportion of the backwater's volume exchanged with the mainstem, and, to a lesser degree, (3) backwater temperature. Taken together, such effects could have important implications for the growth and survival of juvenile fish when flow fluctuations are sufficiently large. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Designing self-triggered micro/milli devices for gastrointestinal tract drug delivery

ABSTRACT Introduction Self-triggered micro-/milli-devices (STMDs), which are artificial devices capable of responding to the surrounding environment and transferring external energy into kinetic energy, thus realizing autonomous movement, have come to the forefront as a powerful tool in cargo delivery via gastrointestinal tract. Urgent needs have been raised to overview the development of this area. Areas covered We summarize the advancement of designing STMDs for delivery via gastrointestinal tract. We first give a brief overview on the opportunities and challenges of delivery via gastrointestinal tract involving gastric barriers and intestinal barriers. Then, emphasis is laid on the design and applications of STMDs for delivery via gastrointestinal tract. We focus on their morphological characteristics and function design, expounding their working mechanisms in the complex gastrointestinal tract. Expert opinion Although with much progress in STMDs, there is still a huge gap between laboratory researches and clinical applications due to some limitations including latent digestive burden, sophisticated fabrication, unstable delivery, and so on. We give a discussion on the potential, challenges, and prospects of developing STMDs for delivery via gastrointestinal tract.
Manifest anxiety and quality of life in schoolchildren with ADHD during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic

The pandemic generated by COVID-19 forced the governments of all countries to enter into quarantine, modifying the daily coexistence among family members. Objective: To evaluate manifest anxiety and quality of life in schoolchildren with ADHD during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Comparative, observational, non-experimental cross-sectional study of 105 schoolchildren with ADHD and 80 in the Control Group evaluated with the "Manifest Anxiety in Children Scale-Revised (CMAS-R)". And the quality of life with the questionnaire (AUQUEI). The school children were diagnosed with ADHD in the Neurosciences Laboratory of the National Rehabilitation Institute, and treated with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to control their behavioral symptoms, before the Pandemic and were invited through the informed consent of their parents to participate in this research. Results. The CMAS-R questionnaire showed significant differences in its five dimensions between the groups with different ADHD subtypes and the control group. And the AUQUEI questionnaire showed differences in 4 of its 5 dimensions between schoolchildren with and control group 3 of 5 factors between the combined and hyperactive impulsive subtypes and control group and between the combined subtype and the hyperactive impulsive subtype. There were correlations between: Leisure, Physiological Anxiety, Total Quality of Life and Restlessness/Hypersensitivity; as well as between Separation, Achievement and Total Anxiety in the ADHD-Combined subtype and Control Group. Conclusions. An increase in anxiety indicators and a decrease in their quality of life were observed in schoolchildren with ADHD.
Hepatitis B virus infection disrupts homologous recombination in hepatocellular carcinoma by stabilizing resection inhibitor ADRM1

Many cancers harbor homologous recombination defects (HRDs). A HRD is a therapeutic target that is being successfully utilized in treatment of breast/ovarian cancer via synthetic lethality. However, canonical HRD caused by BRCAness mutations do not prevail in liver cancer. Here we report a subtype of HRD caused by the perturbation of a proteasome variant (CDW19S) in hepatitis B virus–bearing (HBV-bearing) cells. This amalgamate protein complex contained the 19S proteasome decorated with CRL4WDR70 ubiquitin ligase, and assembled at broken chromatin in a PSMD4Rpn10- and ATM-MDC1-RNF8–dependent manner. CDW19S promoted DNA end processing via segregated modules that promote nuclease activities of MRE11 and EXO1. Contrarily, a proteasomal component, ADRM1Rpn13, inhibited resection and was removed by CRL4WDR70-catalyzed ubiquitination upon commitment of extensive resection. HBx interfered with ADRM1Rpn13 degradation, leading to the imposition of ADRM1Rpn13-dependent resection barrier and consequent viral HRD subtype distinguishable from that caused by BRCA1 defect. Finally, we demonstrated that viral HRD in HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma can be exploited to restrict tumor progression. Our work clarifies the underlying mechanism of a virus-induced HRD subtype.
Self-concept and Narrative Identity in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis.

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Disturbances of the narrative self and personal identity accompany the onset of psychotic disorders in late adolescence and early adulthood (a formative developmental stage for self-concept and personal narratives). However, these issues have primarily been studied retrospectively after illness onset, limiting any inferences about their developmental course. STUDY DESIGN Youth at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) (n = 49) and matched healthy comparison youth (n = 52) completed a life story interview (including self-defining memory, turning point, life challenge, and psychotic-like experience) and questionnaires assessing self-esteem, self-beliefs, self-concept clarity, and ruminative/reflective self-focus. Trained raters coded interviews for narrative identity themes of emotional tone, agency, temporal coherence, context coherence, self-event connections, and meaning-making (intraclass correlations >0.75). Statistical analyses tested group differences and relationships between self-concept, narrative identity, symptoms, and functioning. STUDY RESULTS CHR participants reported more negative self-esteem and self-beliefs, poorer self-concept clarity, and more ruminative self-focus, all of which related to negative symptoms. CHR participants narrated their life stories with themes of negative emotion and passivity (ie, lack of personal agency), which related to positive and negative symptoms. Reflective self-focus and autobiographical reasoning were unaffected and correlated. Autobiographical reasoning was uniquely associated with preserved role functioning. CONCLUSIONS This group of youth at CHR exhibited some, but not all, changes to self-concept and narrative identity seen in psychotic disorders. A core theme of negativity, uncertainty, and passivity ran through their semantic and narrative self-representations. Preserved self-reflection and autobiographical reasoning suggest sources of resilience and potential footholds for cognitive-behavioral and metacognitive interventions.
Estimating global air-sea fluxes from surface properties and from climatological flux data using an oceanic general circulation model

A simple method is presented and demonstrated for estimating air-sea fluxes of heat and fresh water with the aid of a general circulation model (GCM), using both sea surface temperature and salinity data and climatological air-sea flux data. The approach is motivated by a least squares optimization problem in which the various data sets are combined to form an optimal solution for the air-sea fluxes. The method provides estimates of the surface properties and air-sea flux data that are as consistent as possible with the original data sets and with the model physics. The calculation of these estimates involves adding a simple equation for calculating the air-sea fluxes during the model run and then running the model to a steady state. The proposed method was applied to a coarse resolution global primitive equation model and annually averaged data sets. Both the spatial distribution of the global air-sea fluxes and the meridional fluxes carried by the ocean were estimated. The resulting air-sea fluxes seem smoother and significantly closer to the climatological flux estimates than do the air-sea fluxes obtained from the GCM by simply specifying the surface temperature and salinity. The better fit to the climatological fluxes was balanced by a larger deviation from the surface temperature and salinity. These surface fields were still close to the observations within the measurement error in most regions, except western boundary areas. The inconsistency of the model and data in western boundary areas is probably related to the inability of the coarse resolution GCM to appropriately simulate the large transports there. The meridional fluxes calculated by the proposed method differ very little from those obtained by simply specifying the surface temperature and salinity. We suggest therefore that these meridional fluxes are strongly influenced by the interior model dynamics; in particular, the too-weak model meridional circulation cell seems to be the reason for differences between the meridional transports in the model and those estimated from other sources. We discuss the implications for the calculation of air-sea fluxes by inverse models.