Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Locate damage based on change in structural shape for civil space structures

Recent years have witnessed a number of collapses of civil space structures, which have severely jeopardized the safety of the general public. Therefore, it is imperative to propose an approach that can localize damage to exact members at an early stage for space structures. Then, the obtained damage location results can be used by the maintenance/repair crew for taking timely actions. For most space structures, the member configuration possesses a regular pattern. For this type of structure, before damage occurs, the regular pattern in the member configuration is maintained. After damage occurs, the regular pattern around the damaged member will be destroyed. In this study, the proposed approach to locate damage is based on the change in the status of regularity of member configuration. Herein the difference in an angle of the triangular shape in the related region of a space structure is used to indicate whether the regularity of member configuration is maintained. To validate the proposed approach, a reticulated shell space structure will be investigated.
The Effects of 4-Week Aerobic Exercise on the Levels of CCl2, CCl5, and their Respective Receptors in Female BALB/C Mice Suffering from Breast Cancer

Background: The studies reported that chemokines Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) and Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) have tumor-promoting roles in breast cancer (BC). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 4 weeks of continuous aerobic exercise (AE) on chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 and their relative receptors in animal model of human BC. Materials and Methods: BALB/c mice were divided randomly into four groups included cancer control (CC) and three other groups. The total duration of the experiment was 14 weeks, including 2 weeks of familiarization of mice with treadmills and three of 4-week periods of experiment. Tumor inoculation and formation were performed in the second 4-week period. Group 1 received AE in the first 4-week, Group 2 received AE in the second 4-week and Group 3 in the third 4-week. Results: The CCL2 was reduced significantly in Groups 1, 2, and 3 compared to control (F3,12= 4705, P = 0.0001). In terms of CCL5, a significant decrease was seen only between Group 3 and control. Western blot results showed a significant reduction in C-C chemokine receptor Type 2 (CCR2) between Group 1 versus CC and Group 2 versus CC (F3,20= 1.812, P = 0.004). In terms of C-C chemokine receptor Type 5 (CCR5) a significant decrease was observed between Group 2 versus control and Group 3 versus control (F3,20= 273.3, P = 0.042), (P = 0.004). Conclusion: It can be concluded that 4-week AE significantly reduces the chemokines CCL2 and CCL5 and their respective receptors levels CCR5 and CCR2 in different stages, and it may have an inhibitory effect on tumor growth.
SomeSpecialCasesintheStabilityAn alysisof Multi-DimensionalTime-DelaySystemsUsingTheMatrix LambertWfunction ?

This paper revisits a recently developed methodology based on the matrix Lambert W function for the stability analysis of linear time invariant, time delay systems. By studying a particular, yet common, second order system, we show that in general there is no one to one correspondence between the branches of the matrix Lambert W function and the characteristic roots of the system. Furthermore, it is shown that under mild conditions only two branches suce to nd the complete spectrum of the system, and that the principal branch can be used to nd several roots, and not the dominant root only, as stated in previous works. The results are rst presented analytically, and then veried by numerical experiments.
Long noncoding RNA antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus inhibition alleviates airway remodeling in asthma through the regulation of the microRNA‐7‐5p/early growth response factor 3 axis

Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, clinically manifests as airway remodeling. The purpose of this study was to probe the potential role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus (lncRNA ANRIL) in the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) and to explore its potential mechanisms in asthma. Serum samples were obtained from 30 healthy volunteers and 30 patients with asthma. Additionally, platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) was used to induce airway remodeling in ASMCs. The level of lncRNA ANRIL and microRNA (miR)‐7‐5p in serum samples were measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). TargetScan predicted the binding site of miR‐7‐5p to early growth response factor 3 (EGR3) and validated the results using a dual‐luciferase reporter assay. 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Transwell assays were used to detect cellular proliferation and migration, respectively. Subsequently, changes in proliferation‐ and migration‐related genes were verified using western blot analysis and qRT‐PCR. These results indicate that lncRNA ANRIL was upregulated in the serum and PDGF‐BB‐induced ASMCs of patients with asthma, whereas miR‐7‐5p expression was reduced. EGR3 was a direct target of miR‐7‐5p. LncRNA ANRIL silencing inhibited the proliferation or migration of ASMCs induced by PDGF‐BB through miR‐7‐5p upregulation. Mechanistic studies indicated that miR‐7‐5p inhibits the proliferation or migration of PDGF‐BB‐induced ASMCs by decreasing EGR3 expression. EGR3 upregulation reverses the role of miR‐7‐5p in airway remodeling. Thus, downregulation of lncRNA ANRIL inhibits airway remodeling through inhibiting the proliferation and migration of PDGF‐BB‐induced ASMCs by regulating miR‐7‐5p/EGR3 signaling.
Decompositions and orientations of hypergraphs

We consider decompositions of hypergraphs into connected spanning subhypergraphs. We prove that there is no degree of vertex connectivity of a hypergraph $H$ which guaranties that $H$ has two disjoint spanning connected subhypergraphs. A natural extension of edge-connectivity of graphs to edge-connectivity of hypergraphs was given recently by Frank et. al \cite{frankDAMta}. They define a hypergraph $H=(V,E)$ to be $k$-partition-connected if and only if, for every partition of $V$ into non empty sets $V_1,V_2,\ldots{},V_t$, $t\geq 1$, there are at least $k(t-1)$ hyperedges from $E$ which intersect more than one $V_i$. Using an extension of graphic matroids to hypergraphs, it is proved among other things in \cite{frankDAMta} that if a hypergraph is $k$-partition-connected, then $H$ can be decomposed into $k$ edge-disjoint spanning 1-partition-connected (and hence connected) subhypergraphs. In this paper we introduce a version of oriented hypergraphs which we call star hypergraphs. Star hypergraphs are hypergraphs for which every hyperedge has a designated root vertex and thus form a natural extension of digraphs. We study arc-strong connectivity of star hypergraphs and orientations of hypergraphs as star hypergraphs. We prove analogs of Menger''s theorem, Edmond''s theorem on arc-disjoint in-branchings rooted at the same vertex and Robbin''s theorem. We also show that Edmond''s theorem on arc-disjoint out-branchings rooted at the same vertex does not generalize to star hypergraphs. We prove an orientation theorem which characterizes when a hypergraph has an orientation as a star hypergraph in which every subset not containing a prescribed vertex $s$ has out-degree at least $k$. It turns out that the necessary and sufficient condition for this is exactly that $H$ is $k$-partition-connected. Based on this we give a short proof of the result above by Frank et. al. Finally, we also show how to derive a characterization of so-called wooded hypergraphs by Lov\''asz from our strong star hypergraph orientation theorem for hypergraphs. \noindent{}{\bf Keywords:} Hypergraph, oriented hypergraph, star hypergraph, decomposition of hypergraphs, edge-connectivity, branchings, orientation, $k$-partition-connected hypergraph, wooded hypergraph.
Molecular Detection of the Harmful Raphidophyte Chattonella subsalsa Biecheler by Whole-Cell Fluorescence in-situ Hybridisation Assay

Species of the genus Chattonella (Raphidophyceae) are a group of marine protists that are commonly found in coastal waters. Some are known as harmful microalgae that form noxious blooms and cause massive fish mortality in finfish aquaculture. In Malaysia, blooms of Chattonella have been recorded since the 1980s in the Johor Strait. In this study, two strains of Chattonella were established from the strait, and morphological examination revealed characteristics resembling Chattonella subsalsa. The molecular characterization further confirmed the species’ identity as C. subsalsa. To precisely detect the cells of C. subsalsa in the environment, a whole-cell fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) assay was developed. The species-specific oligonucleotide probes were designed in silico based on the nucleotide sequences of the large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The best candidate signature regions in the LSU-rRNA and ITS2-rDNA were selected based on hybridisation efficiency and probe parameters. The probes were synthesised as biotinylated probes and tested by tyramide signal amplification with FISH (FISH-TSA). The results showed the specificity of the probes toward the target cells. FISH-TSA has been proven to be a potential tool in the detection of harmful algae in the environment and could be applied to the harmful algal monitoring program.
Milk-derived extracellular vesicles protect intestinal barrier integrity in the gut-liver axis

Milk-derived extracellular vesicles (mEVs) have been proposed as a potential nanomedicine for intestinal disorders; however, their impact on intestinal barrier integrity in gut inflammation and associated metabolic diseases has not been explored yet. Here, mEVs derived from bovine and human breast milk exert similar protective effects on epithelial tight junction functionality in vitro, survive harsh gastrointestinal conditions ex vivo, and reach the colon in vivo. Oral administration of mEVs restores gut barrier integrity at multiple levels, including mucus, epithelial, and immune barriers, and prevents endotoxin translocation into the liver in chemical-induced experimental colitis and diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), thereby alleviating gut disorders, their associated liver inflammation, and NASH. Oral administration of mEVs has potential in the treatment of gut inflammation and gut-liver axis–associated metabolic diseases via protection of intestinal barrier integrity.
Uncovering the Microbiota of Bagworm Metisa plana (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) in Oil Palm Plantations in Malaysia

Bagworm Metisa plana is one of the major pests in Malaysia’s oil palm plantation, with infestation resulting in huge economical loss. Currently, the microbial profile of the bagworm has yet to be study. Understanding the biology of the pest such as the bacterial community is crucial as bacteria associated with insects often provide benefits to the insect, giving the insect host a better chance of survival. Here, 16S amplicon sequencing was used to identify the bacteria community of M. plana. Additionally, two comparisons were made, the bacterial communities between two larval stages (early instar stage and late instar stage) from outbreak area; the bacterial communities of late instar stage larvae from non-outbreak between outbreak areas. From this study, it was found that the bacterial community of M. plana consisted of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacterioidetes, Firmicutes and other minor phyla, with Proteobacteria being the most dominant phylum. Furthermore, bacterial genera of M. plana consisted of Pantoea, Curtobacterium, Pseudomonas, Massilia and other minor genera, with Pantoea being the most dominant. It was also found that the alpha and beta diversity in both comparisons were not significantly different. We present our data as a first insight towards the bacterial community of M. plana, paving a way towards understanding the biology of the bagworm M. plana.
The merits of ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes for sawtooth control in tokamak plasmas

JET experiments have compared the efficacy of low-and high field side ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) as an actuator to deliberately minimise the sawtooth period. It is found that low-field side ICRH with low minority concentration is optimal for saw tooth control for two main reasons. Firstly, low-field side heating means that any toroidal phasing of the ICRH (-90 degrees, +90 degrees or dipole) has a destabilising effect on the sawteeth, meaning that dipole phasing can be employed, since tins is preferable due to less plasma wall interaction from Resonant Frequency (RI) sheaths. Secondly, the resonance position of the low field side ICRH does not have to be very accurately placed to achieve saw tooth control, relaxing the requirement for real-time control of the RF frequency. These empirical observations have been confirmed by hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic modelling, and suggest that the ICRH antenna design for ITER is well positioned to provide a control actuator capable of having a significant effect on the sawtooth behaviour.
Is There a “Black Friday” for Geriatric Hip Fracture Surgery?

Reports show an increase in the short‐term mortality rates of hip fracture patients admitted on weekends. However, there are few studies on whether there is a similar effect in Friday admissions of geriatric hip fracture patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Friday admission on mortality and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with hip fractures.
Multi-objective unrelated parallel machine scheduling: a Tabu-enhanced iterated Pareto greedy algorithm

This work proposes a high-performance algorithm for solving the multi-objective unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem. The proposed approach is based on the iterated Pareto greedy (IPG) algorithm but exploits the accessible Tabu list (TL) to enhance its performance. To demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed Tabu-enhanced iterated Pareto greedy (TIPG) algorithm, its computational results are compared with IPG and existing algorithms on the same benchmark problem set. Experimental results reveal that incorporating the accessible TL can eliminate ineffective job moves, causing the TIPG algorithm to outperform state-of-the-art approaches in the light of five multi-objective performance metrics. This work contributes a useful theoretical and practical optimisation method for solving this problem.
Effectiveness of physical rehabilitation interventions in critically ill patients—A protocol for an overview of systematic reviews

Introduction Adult and pediatric patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) requiring invasive ventilatory support, sedation, and muscle blockade may present neuromusculoskeletal deterioration. Different physical rehabilitation interventions have been studied to evaluate their effectiveness in improving critically ill patients’ outcomes. Given that many published systematic reviews (SRs) aims to determine the effectiveness of different types of physical rehabilitation interventions, it is necessary to group them systematically and assess the methodological quality of SRs to help clinicians make better evidence-based decisions. This overview of SRs (OoSRs) aims to map the existing evidence and to determine the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation interventions to improve neuromusculoskeletal function and other clinical outcomes in adult and pediatric critically ill patients. Methods An OoSRs of randomized and non-randomized clinical trials involving critically ill adult and pediatric patients receiving physical rehabilitation intervention will be conducted. A sensitive search of MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, and other search resources will be conducted. Two independent reviewers will conduct study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. Discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or a third reviewer. The degree of overlap of studies will be calculated using the corrected covered area. The methodological quality of the SRs will be measured using the AMSTAR-2 tool. The GRADE framework will report the certainty of evidence by selecting the "best" SR for each physical rehabilitation intervention and outcome. Discussion The findings of this overview are expected to determine the effectiveness and safety of physical rehabilitation interventions to improve neuromusculoskeletal function in adult and pediatric critically ill patients based on a wide selection of the best available evidence and to determine the knowledge gaps in this topic by mapping and assessing the methodological quality of published SRs. Registration number CRD42023389672.
PI(4,5)P2 regulates the gating of NaV1.4 channels

NaV channel gating is highly regulated to generate and support action potential firing in excitable tissues. In this study, optogenetic-activation of phosphoinositide-phosphatases reveals that PI(4,5)P2 levels at the membrane tune the physiological gating behavior of NaV1.4 channels.
Evaluation of Two Spectro-Temporal Ripple Tests and Their Relation to the Matrix Speech-in-Noise Sentence Test in Cochlear Implant Recipients

Objectives: Spectro-temporal ripple tests are commonly used in cochlear implant (CI) research as language-independent indicators of speech recognition (in noise) or as stand-alone tests. Test-retest reliability of these tests has been scarcely documented. We evaluated the test-retest reliability of spectral-temporally modulated ripple test (SMRT) and spectro-temporal ripple for investigating processor effectiveness (STRIPES) and correlated their findings to the Dutch/Flemish Matrix speech-in-noise sentence test (MST) in CI recipients. This is the first time spectro-temporal ripple tests are correlated to an MST. Design: Take-home data from 15 participants over 2 test days were analyzed. Participants were fitted with their clinical speech encoding strategy (Advanced Bionics HiRes Optima) or a 14-channel non-steered monopolar strategy. Test-retest reliability was calculated through intraclass correlation coefficients and visualized through Bland Altman plots. Association of the spectro-temporal ripple tests with the MST was evaluated through linear regression analysis. Results: The SMRT and STRIPES possessed a similarly rated “good” test-retest reliability (SMRT: ICC = 0.81, confidence interval = 0.67 to 0.92; STRIPES: ICC = 0.87, confidence interval = 0.76 to 0.95) and an identical linear relationship to speech recognition in noise (SMRT: R2 = 0.28, p = 0.04; STRIPES: R2 = 0.28, p = 0.04). Both tests revealed a stable variability between session 1 and 2 outcome scores on Bland Altman plots. Conclusion: On the basis of our data, both spectro-temporal ripple tests possess similar test-retest reliability and a similar association with the MST. The SMRT and STRIPES can therefore both be used equally well as a quick indicator of across-listener differences in speech recognition in noise in CI recipients.
Simultaneous Equation Models

This course considers systems of equations. In contrast to single equation models, these models include more than one dependent variable. These simultaneous models can be grouped into two major types: recursive models, which do not create any special problems, and nonrecursive models, which require special treatment. For each of these major types, we will discuss the specification, identification, estimation, and assessment of these systems of simultaneous equations. Nonrecursive models introduce the problem of identification, or, how to establish that the parameters of the model are estimable. These models also require alternative estimation techniques. As time permits, advanced topics, including limited dependent variables, measurement error, and handling longitudinal data will be covered. This course emphasizes application, with multiple references to published analyses and hands-on computer programming. Students should have a good understanding of the classical linear regression model and matrix algebra.
Efficacy and safety of Weifuchun tablet for chronic atrophic gastritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background Chronic atrophic gastritis is a significant premalignant lesion of gastric carcinoma. There is a great need to prevent the progression to gastric carcinoma through early intervention and treatment for chronic atrophic gastritis. Weifuchun, a famous Chinese patent drug, has been widely used for chronic atrophic gastritis in China. However, it remains unclear whether Weifuchun is effective for atrophic gastritis. Objective To determine the effectiveness and safety of Weifuchun for chronic atrophic gastritis. Methods We systematically retrieved seven databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, Chinese Scientific Journals Database, and Chinese Biological Medical Database) from their inception to October 5, 2022. Methodological quality was examined using the Cochrane Risk of bias tool. We also used RevMan 5.4 software for statistical analysis to examine the effectiveness and safety of Weifuchun. Results Fifteen studies with 1,488 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The study indicated that Weifuchun was more effective (RR 1.52; 95% CI 1.41, 1.63; p<0.00001) than Western medicine and other Chinese patent medicine. In addition, Weifuchun was more effective in improving gastric mucosal under gastroscopy, improving histopathologic changes of gastric mucosal, and inhibiting Helicobacter pylori. However, no significant difference in safety was examined between Weifuchun and the control group (RR 2.83; 95% CI 0.85, 9.38; P = 0.09). Conclusions The meta-analysis revealed a significant statistical difference with Weifuchun in effectiveness compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in safety. Thus, more high-quality clinical studies are needed in the future. Trial registration Registration number CRD42022365703.
CAPRIN1 Is Required for Control of Viral Replication Complexes by Interferon Gamma

Replication complexes provide a microenvironment important for (+) RNA virus replication and shield it from host immune response. Previously we have shown that interferon gamma (IFNG) disrupts the RC of MNV via evolutionarily conserved autophagy proteins and IFN-inducible GTPases. ABSTRACT Replication complexes (RCs), formed by positive-strand (+) RNA viruses through rearrangements of host endomembranes, protect their replicating RNA from host innate immune defenses. We have shown that two evolutionarily conserved defense systems, autophagy and interferon (IFN), target viral RCs and inhibit viral replication collaboratively. However, the mechanism by which autophagy proteins target viral RCs and the role of IFN-inducible GTPases in the disruption of RCs remains poorly understood. Here, using murine norovirus (MNV) as a model (+) RNA virus, we show that the guanylate binding protein 1 (GBP1) is the human GTPase responsible for inhibiting RCs. Furthermore, we found that ATG16L1 mediates the LC3 targeting of MNV RC by binding to WIPI2B and CAPRIN1, and that IFN gamma-mediated control of MNV replication was dependent on CAPRIN1. Collectively, this study identifies a novel mechanism for the autophagy machinery-mediated recognition and inhibition of viral RCs, a hallmark of (+) RNA virus replication. IMPORTANCE Replication complexes provide a microenvironment important for (+) RNA virus replication and shield it from host immune response. Previously we have shown that interferon gamma (IFNG) disrupts the RC of MNV via evolutionarily conserved autophagy proteins and IFN-inducible GTPases. Elucidating the mechanism of targeting of viral RC by ATG16L1 and IFN-induced GTPase will pave the way for development of therapeutics targeting the viral replication complexes. Here, we have identified GBP1 as the sole GBP targeting viral RC and uncovered the novel role of CAPRIN1 in recruiting ATG16L1 to the viral RC.