Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Joint-Level Kinetics During Single-Leg and Double-Leg Weightlifting Derivatives

Abstract Hayashi, R, Yoshida, T, and Kariyama, Y. Comparison of joint-level kinetics during single- and double-leg weightlifting derivatives. J Strength Cond Res 37(5): 1017–1022, 2023—Humans have different 3-dimensional biomechanical characteristics of the lower extremities during locomotion with one and both legs. These biomechanical characteristics may also be observed in the weightlifting derivatives. This study aimed to compare the 3-dimensional joint kinetics of the lower extremities during the single-leg hang power clean (SHPC) and double-leg hang power clean (DHPC). Ten male track and field athletes performed the SHPC and DHPC using external loads of 30, 60, and 90% of one repetition maximum (1RM). The 1RMs in SHPC and DHPC were measured separately, and the external loads at 30, 60, and 90% of the 1RM used were determined based on the different 1RMs in SHPC and DHPC. We calculated the joint moment and joint power of the SHPC and DHPC using a motion capture system and force platforms. The hip abduction moment and power of the SHPC were significantly greater than those of the DHPC under all external loads (p < 0.05). In addition, ankle joint moment at all external loads and joint power at 90% of 1RM was greater for SHPC than for DHPC (p < 0.05). Furthermore, although hip (extension-flexion) and ankle joint kinetics in SHPC and DHPC showed similar load dependence, hip abduction axis kinetics was not load dependent. These results suggest that the hip (abduction-adduction) and ankle joint kinetics in SHPC are greater than in DHPC, but hip (abduction-abduction) kinetics in SHPC is not load independent.
Strategies to increase uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision among men aged 25–39 years in Nyanza Region, Kenya: Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial (the TASCO study)

Introduction Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) for HIV prevention began in Nyanza Region, Kenya in 2008. By 2014, approximately 800,000 VMMCs had been conducted, and 84.9% were among males aged 15–24 years. We evaluated the impact of interpersonal communication (IPC) and dedicated service outlets (DSO) on VMMC uptake among men aged 25–39 years in Nyanza Region. Materials and methods We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial in 45 administrative Locations (clusters) in Nyanza Region between May 2014 and June 2016 among uncircumcised men aged 25–34 years. In arm one, an IPC toolkit was used to address barriers to VMMC. In the second arm, men were referred to DSO that were modified to address their preferences. Arm three combined the IPC and DSO arms, and arm four was standard of care (SOC). Randomization was done at Location level (11–12 per arm). The primary outcome was the proportion of enrolled men who received VMMC within three months. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the effect of interventions on the outcome. Results At baseline, 9,238 households with men aged 25–39 years were enumerated, 9,679 men were assessed, and 2,792 (28.8%) were eligible. For enrollment, 577 enrolled in the IPC arm, 825 in DSO, 723 in combined IPC + DSO, and 667 in SOC. VMMC uptake among men in the SOC arm was 3.2%. In IPC, DSO, and combined IPC + DSO arms, uptake was 3.3%, 4.5%, and 4.4%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of VMMC uptake in the study arms compared to SOC were IPC aOR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.50–2.13, DSO aOR = 1.31; 95% CI: 0.67–2.57, and IPC + DSO combined aOR = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.65–2.67. Discussion Using these interventions among men aged 25–39 years did not significantly impact VMMC uptake. These findings suggest that alternative demand creation strategies for VMMC services are needed to reach men aged 25–39 years. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02497989.
Accurate propagation computation through metamaterial RAM structures using modified 3D SCN transmission line matrix method for different incidence angles

In this paper, a validation study for the metamaterial accurate modelling using the electromagnetic numerical transmission line matrix (TLM) computation method is presented. In our work, the three-dimensional symmetrical condensed node (SCN) TLM algorithm has been modified to fully simulate non-linear and dispersive metamaterial structures. The modification code principles have been explained theoretically. The propagation computation using our modifying TLM code has been tested for a metamaterial ground slab loaded by split ring resonator structure. The tested structure acts as a metamaterial radar absorber. Moreover, experimental measurements were carried out and compared to the computed ones. The results confirmed the good agreement between measured and TLM computed results. Furthermore, the propagation computation was confirmed by measuring the backscattering for different incident angles which demonstrate very good agreement for our modified TLM code. The measurement results confirm the versatility and power of the modified SCN TLM algorithm to handle metamaterial structures.
Retrieving of the initial moisture field in porous material based on temperature measurements during drying

In this article, a simultaneous initial inverse problem and parameter estimation inverse problem in context of the vacuum paper drying process is presented. In this problem an evaporation constant and initial distribution of the water content are retrieved indirectly based on the temperature measurements at selected sampling points during vacuum phase of the process. As such, a problem is ill-posed and two different Tikhonov-type regularization techniques are proposed. The L-curve method was used to establish the value of the regularization parameter for both techniques. Results obtained with both regularization techniques are compared.
Impact of alcohol consumption on coronavirus disease 2019 severity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Fear and misinformation lead to widespread myths in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, such as “consuming high‐strength alcohol kills the virus in the inhaled air. ” However, whether alcohol consumption can affect COVID‐19 has not been clarified yet. This study aims to investigate the impact of alcohol consumption on COVID‐19 severity. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Central, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO‐International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched until November 25, 2022. Forty studies (1,697,683 COVID‐19 individuals) were analyzed. Brown (patients numbers: 1317, risk ratios [RR] = 1.58, 95% [confidence interval] CI = 1.31 to 1.90, I2 = 0.0%, p < 0.001), American (patients numbers: 3721, RR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.30 to 1.75, I2 = 0.0%, p < 0.001), and European (patients numbers: 261,437, RR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.96 to 2.13, I2 = 0.0%, p < 0.001) drinkers were at high risk of severe COVID‐19, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), respectively. Consistently, individuals with a drinking history were at high risk of severe COVID‐19 (patients numbers: 5399, RR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.48, I2 = 38.4%, p = 0.03) and ICU admission (patients numbers: 6995, RR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.60, I2 = 46.6%, p = 0.01). In addition, current drinkers had an increased risk of symptomatic COVID‐19. However, excessive drinkers were at high risk of COVID‐19 hospitalization. Alcohol consumption intensifies COVID‐19 severity and deteriorates its clinical outcomes. Here, we strongly propose that people do not drink alcohol during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Bayesian Nonparametric Latent Class Analysis for Different Item Types

Latent class analysis (LCA) is a popular statistical method used to group individuals into homogeneous subpopulations based on the responses to a set of variables. In the conventional LCA, the number of classes must be specified in advance. Various model selection criteria (e.g., information criteria) have been used to determine the optimal number of classes via the class enumeration process. However, previous studies have shown that different information criteria can favor different models because the penalty terms for the individual information criteria differ from one another, and there is no consensus on the optimal criterion. By incorporating the Dirichlet process mixture model (DPMM), the Bayesian nonparametric LCA is an alternative to the conventional approach. DPMM can circumvent the problems underlying class enumerating by assuming infinitely many classes and inferring the number of classes from the data. The extant literature in psychology and social sciences on DPMM-LCA is limited. The exception is Si and Reiter (2013), where a DPMM of multinomial distributions was proposed to perform multiple imputation for categorical data. Nonetheless, Si and Reiter (2013) specified a model for density estimation rather than clustering, which lacks a necessary post-processing procedure. To bridge the gap in research, we proposed an extended DPMM-LCA approach allowing for clustering individuals by items measured on different metrics, including categorical, continuous, and mixedtype. In combination with a post-processing procedure, the proposed DPMM-LCA approach allows one to simultaneously do the following: 1) determine the number of classes, 2) handle the label switching issue (see Figure 1 for an example), 3) classify individuals, and 4) obtain class-specific parameters for characterizing classes (see Figure 2 for an example). We
Charge transfer dynamics in driven molecular ratchets: quantum Monte Carlo results and rate models

Charge transfer dynamics is studied in a ratchet-type molecular wire subject to finite frequency driving. Numerically exact data are obtained within the path integral Monte Carlo approach over the full transient time regime until a stationary net population imbalance has been established. This allows for a quantitative comparison with the master equation approaches and, in particular, underlines the usefulness of these rate models.
LMP1 mediates tumorigenesis through persistent epigenetic modifications and PGC1β upregulation

Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), which is encoded by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), has been considered as an oncogene, although the detailed mechanism behind its function remains unclear. It has been previously reported that LMP1 promotes tumorigenesis by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1β (PGC1β). The present study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism for transient EBV/LMP1 exposure-mediated persistent PGC1β expression and subsequent tumorigenesis through modification of mitochondrial function. Luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation and DNA mutation techniques were used to evaluate the PGC1β-mediated expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1). Tumorigenesis was evaluated by gene expression, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and in vitro cellular proliferation assays. The potential effects of EBV, LMP1 and PGC1β on tumor growth were evaluated in an in vivo xenograft mouse model. The present in vitro experiments showed that LMP1 knockdown did not affect PGC1β expression or subsequent cell proliferation in EBV-positive tumor cells. PGC1β regulated DRP1 expression by coactivation of GA-binding protein α and nuclear respiratory factor 1 located on the DRP1 promoter, subsequently modulating mitochondrial fission. Transient exposure of either EBV or LMP1 in human hematopoietic stem cells caused persistent epigenetic changes and PGC1β upregulation after long-term cell culture even in the absence of EBV/LMP1, which decreased oxidative stress, and potentiated mitochondrial function and cell proliferation in vitro. Enhanced tumor growth and shortened survival were subsequently observed in vivo. It was concluded that PGC1β expression and subsequent cell proliferation were independent from LMP1 in EBV-positive tumor cells. PGC1β modulated mitochondria fission by regulation of DRP1 expression. Transient EBV/LMP1 exposure caused persistent PGC1β expression, triggering tumor growth in the absence of LMP1. The present study proposes a novel mechanism for transient EBV/LMP1 exposure-mediated tumorigenesis through persistent epigenetic changes and PGC1β upregulation, uncovering the reason why numerous forms of lymphoma exhibit upregulated PGC1β expression, but are devoid of EBV/LMP1.
UBC-Nepal Expedition: Motor Unit Characteristics in Lowlanders Acclimatized to High Altitude and Sherpa

ABSTRACT Introduction With acclimatization to high altitude (HA), adaptations occur throughout the nervous system and at the level of the muscle, which may affect motor unit (MU) characteristics. However, despite the importance of MUs as the final common pathway for the control of voluntary movement, little is known about their adaptations with acclimatization. Methods Ten lowlanders and Sherpa participated in this study 7 to 14 d after arrival at HA (5050 m), with seven lowlanders repeating the experiment at sea level (SL), 6 months after the expedition. The maximal compound muscle action potential (Mmax) was recorded from relaxed biceps brachii. During isometric elbow flexions at 10% of maximal torque, a needle electrode recorded the MU discharge rate (MUDR) and MU potential (MUP) characteristics of single biceps brachii MUs. Results Compared with SL, acclimatized lowlanders had ~10% greater MUDR, ~11% longer MUP duration, as well as ~18% lower amplitude and ~6% greater duration of the first phase of the Mmax (all P < 0.05). No differences were noted between SL and HA for variables related to MUP shape (e.g., jitter, jiggle; P > 0.08). Apart from lower near-fiber MUP area for Sherpa than acclimatized lowlanders (P < 0.05), no Mmax or MU data were different between groups (P > 0.10). Conclusions Like other components of the body, MUs in lowlanders adapt with acclimatization to HA. The absence of differences between acclimatized lowlanders and Sherpa suggests that evolutionary adaptations to HA are smaller for MUs than components of the cardiovascular or respiratory systems.
Picornavirus infection enhances aspartate by the SLC38A8 transporter to promote viral replication

Foot-and-mouth disease, a class of animal diseases, is caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). The metabolic changes during FMDV infection remain unclear. Here, PK-15 cells, serum, and tonsils infected with FMDV were analyzed by metabolomics. A total of 284 metabolites in cells were significantly changed after FMDV infection, and most of them belong to amino acids and nucleotides. Further studies showed that FMDV infection significantly enhanced aspartate in vitro and in vivo. The amino acid transporter solute carrier family 38 member 8 (SLC38A8) was responsible for FMDV-upregulated aspartate. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Seneca Valley virus (SVV) infection also enhanced aspartate by SLC38A8. Aspartate aminotransferase activity was also elevated in FMDV-, EV71-, and SVV-infected cells, which may lead to reversible transition between the TCA cycle and amino acids synthesis. Aspartate and SLC38A8 were essential for FMDV, EV71, and SVV replication in cells. In addition, aspartate and SLC38A8 also promoted FMDV and EV71 replication in mice. Detailed analysis indicated that FMDV infection promoted the transfer of mTOR to lysosome to enhance interaction between mTOR and Rheb, and activated PI3K/AKT/TSC2/Rheb/mTOR/p70S6K1 pathway to promote viral replication. The mTORC1 signaling pathway was responsible for FMDV-induced SLC38A8 protein expression. For the first time, our data identified metabolic changes during FMDV infection. These data identified a novel mechanism used by FMDV to upregulate aspartate to promote viral replication and will provide new perspectives for developing new preventive strategies.
Effects of a Pretend Play Intervention on Health-Related Quality of Life in Children With Cancer: A Swedish–German Study

Background: Cancer diagnosis can lead to massive physical, emotional, and social burdens on children and their families. Although children have the right to be informed and participate in their care, research shows that children's views are often not considered in care situations. Thus, it is essential to strengthen children's communication and self-efficacy (SE) to convey desires and needs. The present study explores whether a play intervention is associated with improved health-related quality of life (HrQoL) and SE for communication in care situations. We hypothesize that HrQoL and SE for communication will increase from the beginning to after the pretend play intervention. Methods: Children with cancer from Germany and Sweden were enrolled. The pretend play intervention consisted of six to 10 play sessions. A heterogenic selection of questionnaires was used to measure children's HrQoL and SE before the first pretend play session and after the last play intervention. Results: Nineteen families were included in the presented analyses, including 14 self-reports of children and 19 proxy reports of parents. We found improvements in child-reported communication, and emotional and psychosocial well-being using generic and cancer-specific HrQoL measurements. Further, children's SE in care situations improved during the play intervention. Parents also reported minor improvements in the physical dimensions in both generic and chronic‐generic HrQoL, along with improvements in independence. Discussion: Overall, the cancer-specific pretend play intervention offers young children with cancer a secure environment and can contribute to their well-being, and communication skills, during or after cancer treatment.
Transitions: Experiences of younger persons recently diagnosed with Alzheimer-type dementia

Receiving a diagnosis of dementia before the age of 65 has a huge impact on everyday life. Previously, the disease trajectory has mainly been described from the perspective of older persons. However, young persons with dementia are confronted with specific challenges, influencing the type of life-changing events, or ‘critical points’ that they may experience. The aim of this study was therefore to describe experiences of persons recently being diagnosed with young-onset dementia. In total, 14 participants with dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (10 woman/4 men) with an average age of 59 were included in the study. Interviews were conducted within 2 months after receiving the diagnosis and analyzed using qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach, resulting in three categories: (1) A life changing moment, (2) An ongoing process, and (3) Remaining in control. The findings show that receiving such a diagnosis was experienced by participants as a life changing moment, followed by them seeking to come to terms with the diagnosis and reflecting on its meaning, in which various strategies were adopted to remain in control. The current study highlights three critical points considering the diagnosis of young-onset dementia that warrant special attention and provides insight into factors related to delay in healthy transitioning after receiving the diagnosis, as well as factors that may facilitate successful transitions.
Optimal Probabilistic Compression of PERT Networks

An approach is developed to determine an optimal activity compression policy when a project is required to be completed at a certain time with a prespecified probability. The approach is based on a probabilistic version of linear programming, called chance constrained linear programming (CCLP). In the CCLP formulation of the optimal network compression, each activity duration is not replaced by the mean duration. Instead each constraint is required to be satisfied by a prespecified probability. These chance constraints can be replaced by equivalent deterministic constraints when the mean and variance of each activity duration is known. The resulting CCLP formulation is solved for a numerical example. The solution has several managerial implications. Most significantly, the solution provides a quantitative means to assess the trade‐off between the cost and risk associated with the project duration. Moreover, computational efforts necessary to solve CCLP are no greater than those necessary to solve determin.
Trends in maternal mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic–evidence from Zambia

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased social and emotional stressors globally, increasing mental health concerns and the risk of psychiatric illness worldwide. To date, relatively little is known about the impact of the pandemic on vulnerable groups such as women and children in low-resourced settings who generally have limited access to mental health care. We explore two rounds of data collected as part of an ongoing trial of early childhood development to assess mental health distress among mothers of children under 5-years-old living in two rural areas of Zambia during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the prevalence of mental health distress among a cohort of 1105 mothers using the World Health Organization’s Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in August 2019 and after the first two infection waves in October-November 2021. Our primary outcome was mental health distress, defined as SRQ-20 score above 7. We analyzed social, economic and family level characteristics as factors modifying to the COVID-19 induced changes in the mental health status. At baseline, 22.5% of women were in mental health distress. The odds of mental health distress among women increased marginally over the first two waves of the pandemic (aOR1.22, CI 0.99–1.49). Women under age 30, with lower educational background, with less than three children, and those living in Eastern Province (compared to Southern Province) of Zambia, were found to be at highest risk of mental health deterioration during the pandemic. Our findings suggest that the prevalence of mental health distress is high in this population and has further worsened during COVID-19 pandemic. Public health interventions targeting mothers’ mental health in low resource settings may want to particularly focus on young mothers with limited educational attainment.
A unified approach to protein domain parsing with inter-residue distance matrix

Abstract Motivation It is fundamental to cut multi-domain proteins into individual domains, for precise domain-based structural and functional studies. In the past, sequence-based and structure-based domain parsing was carried out independently with different methodologies. The recent progress in deep learning-based protein structure prediction provides the opportunity to unify sequence-based and structure-based domain parsing. Results Based on the inter-residue distance matrix, which can be either derived from the input structure or predicted by trRosettaX, we can decode the domain boundaries under a unified framework. We name the proposed method UniDoc. The principle of UniDoc is based on the well-accepted physical concept of maximizing intra-domain interaction while minimizing inter-domain interaction. Comprehensive tests on five benchmark datasets indicate that UniDoc outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in terms of both accuracy and speed, for both sequence-based and structure-based domain parsing. The major contribution of UniDoc is providing a unified framework for structure-based and sequence-based domain parsing. We hope that UniDoc would be a convenient tool for protein domain analysis. Availability and implementation https://yanglab.nankai. edu.cn/UniDoc/. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.