Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cyclosporine, methotrexate, and prednisone compared with cyclosporine and prednisone for prophylaxis of acute graft-versus-host disease.

BACKGROUND Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation remains a serious problem. In a clinical trial, we tested the combination of cyclosporine and prednisone with and without methotrexate for the prevention of GVHD. METHODS One hundred fifty patients with either acute leukemia in first complete remission, chronic myelogenous leukemia in first chronic phase, or lymphoblastic lymphoma in first complete remission were enrolled in the study. All the patients were given fractionated total-body irradiation (1320 cGy) and etoposide (60 mg per kilogram of body weight) in preparation for transplantation, and received bone marrow from genotypically histocompatible donors. To prevent GVHD, they were randomly assigned to prophylactic treatment with either cyclosporine, methotrexate, and prednisone or cyclosporine and prednisone without methotrexate. All the patients received standardized supportive care after transplantation, including intravenous gamma globulin. RESULTS Patients receiving cyclosporine, methotrexate, and prednisone had a significantly lower incidence of acute GVHD of grades II to IV (9 percent) than those receiving cyclosporine and prednisone (23 percent, P = 0.02). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that an increased risk of acute GVHD was associated with an elevated serum creatinine concentration (P = 0.006) and treatment with cyclosporine and prednisone alone (P = 0.02). The lower incidence of acute GVHD was not associated with a higher rate of relapse of leukemia or lymphoma. There was no significant difference in disease-free survival at three years between the two treatment groups (64 percent with the three-drug regimen vs. 59 percent with the two-drug regimen, P = 0.57). CONCLUSIONS The combination of cyclosporine, methotrexate, and prednisone was more effective in preventing acute GVHD of grades II to IV than was the combination of cyclosporine and prednisone without methotrexate.
The Problematic Metagovernance of Networks: Water Reform in New South Wales

This paper argues that we need to bring government back into discussions about network governance, via the concept of metagovernance which uses water reform in an Australian state as an example. Metagovernance is defined as the government of governance, and is a vital but under researched and under theorised problem because it is difficult and contentious. The paper identifies a range of metagovernance failures in this case and suggests that the lessons learnt by the Australian authorities from the experience have led to some rethinking about the benefits and desirable scope of network governance.
Why Have Workers Stopped Joining Unions? The Rise in Never-Membership in Britain

This paper tracks the rise in the percentage of employees who have never become union members ('never-member') since the early 1980s and shows that it is the reduced likelihood of ever becoming a member, rather than the haemorrhaging of existing members, that is behind the decline in overall union membership in Britain. We estimate the determinants of 'never-membership' and consider how much of the rise can be explained by structural change in the labour market and how much by change in preferences among employees.
Field Notes: A Topographical Survey of Our Professional Society

Field notes are an important part of any professional journal is very young. The National engineering process. As a youth, I grew up Agricultural Education Research Meeting is a running terrace lines and assisting with a family second bench mark. Again, when you compare the land improvement contracting business. I would proceedings from 1974 to 1993, it is easy to like to review the basic principles of surveying and measure significant growth. As a professional transfer these principles to our professional society, we should return to these bench marks on society, The American Association for Agricultural a regular basis. They serve to validate our Education (AAAE). progress and help us measure what is important.
Gender, Subject Choice and Higher Education in India

The increased participation of women in higher education in India since 1947 has not received the scholarly attention it deserves. Since independence, there have been shifts–dispersal and clustering of women students in various disciplines in higher education. There is a need to understand the processes of decision making regarding schooling, subject choice and access (physical and social) to higher education. The article examines the factors affecting the subject choices of women in higher education and how diverse contexts of gender consideration influence choices made at the post-secondary and undergraduate levels. This exploratory study of women students at a university in Delhi showed that the family and the school were the key institutions that shaped their choice of subjects. In the family, the father played a prominent role in deciding the subject choice, and gender mediated the entire decision-making process. At the undergraduate level, women’s subject choice was compromised by concerns related to their gender. Priority was given to the institution, to its location and to the availability of an attached hostel, rather than to the subject or discipline.
Acoustic analysis of English lexical stress produced by native (L1) Bengali speakers compared to native (L1) English speakers

English lexical stress is acoustically related to combination of fundamental frequency (F0), duration, intensity and vowel quality. Current study compares the use of these correlates by 10 L1 English and 20 L1 Bengali speakers to find out which correlates are most difficult for Bengali speakers to acquire. Results showed that English and Bengali speakers used the acoustic correlates of vowel duration, intensity and F0 in similar manner, but Bengali speakers produced significantly less English like stress patterns. English speakers reduced vowel duration significantly more in the unstressed vowels compared to Bengali speakers and degree of intensity and F0 increase in stressed vowels by English speakers was higher than that by Bengali speakers. Moreover Bengali speakers produced English like vowel quality in certain unstressed syllables, but in other cases there were significant differences in vowel quality across groups. This study supports the idea of interference from L1 to L2 (nonnative) phonology.
Detection of gases and vapours concentration from resonance curve of interdigital system

Interdigital structure with thin film sensitive organic layer is the base of many sensors for gases and vapours detection. This structure with sensitive layer has capacitive character where the influence of gas and vapour causes the change of its capacitance and dissipation factor. Resonance circuit, created by interdigital structure and an inductor, is then suitable for gas and vapour concentration detection. This article describes methods of relative humidity detection from the resonance circuit curve and presents many experimental results as well.
Smartphone Use in Everyday Life and Travel

The smartphone penetrates many facets of everyday life, including travel. As such, this article argues that since travel can be considered a special stage of technology use, understanding how the smartphone shapes the tourist experience cannot be separated from the way it is used in one’s everyday life. On the basis of a study of American travelers, this study uses adaptive structuration theory as a lens to identify a number of spillover effects from smartphone use in everyday life into travel. The results of this study offer several important implications for both research and practice as well as future directions for the study of mobile technology in tourism.
ETA Receptor Blockade Prevents Increased Tissue Endothelin-1, Vascular Hypertrophy, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension

Sodium plays an important role in the pathogenesis and therapy of hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the involvement of endothelin in vascular alterations in salt-induced Dahl hypertension. Salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) Dahl rats were treated with a high-sodium diet (NaCl 4%) with or without ET A receptor antagonist LU135252 for two months, and effects of treatments on systolic blood pressure, vascular endothelin-1 (ET-1) protein content, aortic hypertrophy, and vascular reactivity of isolated aortic rings were studied. In DS rats, a high-sodium diet increased systolic pressure (190±4 versus 152±2 mm Hg, P P P P P =.0011). ET-1 tissue levels were highly and inversely correlated with endothelium-dependent relaxations ( r =0.931, P r =0.77, P =.0007). LU135252 treatment reduced systolic blood pressure only in part (168±3 versus 190±4 mm Hg. P P A receptor antagonism may have therapeutic potential for lowering vascular ET-1 content, improving endothelial function, and preventing structural changes in salt-sensitive hypertension.
Depression through the first year after the death of a spouse.

OBJECTIVE This study assesses the frequency of depressive syndromes during the first 13 months after the death of a spouse. METHOD Men and women whose spouses had recently died were identified through death certificate records. These subjects completed a multidimensional questionnaire and were interviewed 7-8 weeks (2 months) after the death. Follow-up questionnaires were completed 7 and 13 months after the death. The questionnaires contained specific items corresponding to DSM-III-R criteria for depressive episodes as well as other widely used measures of depressive symptoms such as the Zung Depression Scale and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist. RESULTS Eighty-four (24%) of 350 widows and widowers met criteria for depressive episodes at 2 months, 72 (23%) of 308 did so at 7 months, and 46 (16%) of 286 did so at 13 months. At each time period, the prevalence was substantially higher than the 4% rate of depressive episodes observed in a comparison group of 126 subjects whose spouses were still living. Widows and widowers most likely to meet criteria for depressive episodes 13 months after the bereavement were younger, had past histories of major depression, were still grieving 2 months after the loss, and met DSM-III-R criteria for depressive episodes 2 and/or 7 months after the death. CONCLUSIONS Depressive episodes are common after the death of a spouse. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for the possibility of depression, particularly in young widows and widowers who have a past history of depression or who experience a full depressive syndrome soon after the loss.
New data for understanding saving

During the last decade or so, several researchers have formulated innovative new survey questions, the answers to which aid our understanding of individual savings decisions. This article briefly reviews a number of these innovations and how they are used in empirical research on saving. We pay attention to the measurement of time discounting, expectations (about both economic variables and longevity), bequest motives, health, and uncertainty. We illustrate the empirical usefulness of these new concepts by means of a Dutch longitudinal savings survey, the CentER Savings Survey. Copyright 2001, Oxford University Press.
Interferon‐beta treatment and active replication of the JC virus in relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis patients

We analyzed the effect of beta‐interferon (beta‐IFN) treatment over the active replication of JC virus (JCV) through the evaluation of JCV DNA prevalence and viral load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum samples, and mRNA prevalence and viral load, in relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. DNA extracted from PBMCs and serum, and mRNA extracted from PBMCs were analyzed in 146 RRMS patients (73 treated with beta‐IFN, and 73 untreated patients), and 73 matched healthy blood donors for the presence of JCV genomes by quantitative real‐time PCR assay. We found the same DNA prevalence in PBMC samples in RRMS patients treated with beta‐IFN and in untreated ones: 6.8% (5/73). When we analyzed the viral active replication in both groups through the analysis of DNA prevalence in serum samples and the mRNA extracted from PBMCs, we did not find any positive sample. Regarding the viral load of those positive samples, we did not find any statistical significant difference between treated and untreated RRMS patients: 28.6 ± 7.2 and 32.3 ± 8.4 copies/μg of DNA, respectively. These results lead us to conclude that beta‐IFN treatment in monotherapy has not any effect on JCV active replication.
The Extension of Portfolio Analysis to Three or More Parameters

Most portfolio analysis is based on the use of two parameters, the mean and variance, of the statistical distribution of returns. Exceptions to this practice can be found in an empirical work by Arditti [1] and a theoretical paper by Levy [4], both using the third moment around the mean. It is the purpose of this paper to begin a general extension of the two-parameter analysis to three or more parameters. Accordingly, some problems will be solved, but others will be suggested for further analysis.
Classical vs. Modern Managerial CSR Perspectives: Insights from Lebanese Context and Cross-Cultural Implications

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a concept that has acquired a new resonance in the global economy. With the advent of globalization, managers in different contexts have been exposed to the notion of CSR and are being pressured to adopt CSR initiatives. Yet in view of vastly differing national cultures and institutional realities, mixed orientations to CSR continue to be salient in different contexts, oscillating between the classical perspective which considers CSR as a burden on competitiveness and the modern perspective that views CSR as instrumental for business success. Capitalizing on the two-dimensional CSR model developed by Quazi and O’Brien, Journal of Business Ethics , 25, 33–51 (2000), this article attempts to gauge managerial perspectives toward CSR in Lebanon. An empirical study of 119 Lebanese managers reveals that the majority of respondents (83 percent) are favorably inclined toward
Evaluation of the association between fecal excretion of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis and detection in colostrum and on teat skin surfaces of dairy cows.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between fecal excretion of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) by dairy cows in the periparturient period and detection of MAP DNA in colostrum specimens and on teat skin surfaces. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS 112 Holstein cows. PROCEDURES Fecal specimens were collected within 48 to 72 hours prior to parturition, and colostrum and teat swab specimens were collected immediately after parturition. Detection of MAP in fecal specimens was performed via microbial culture, and detection of MAP DNA in colostrum and teat swab specimens was achieved via a PCR assay targeting the genetic element ISMAP02. Logistic regression was used to model the relationship between MAP fecal shedding status and detection of MAP DNA in colostrum or teat swab specimens. Population attributable fractions for the proportion of colostrum and teat swab specimens containing MAP DNA were also calculated. RESULTS The odds of detecting MAP DNA in colostrum or teat swab specimens in cows with MAP-positive (vs negative) fecal specimens were 2.02 and 1.87 respectively. Population attributable fractions estimates suggested that withholding colostrum from MAP-positive cows could reduce the odds of exposing calves to MAP in colostrum by 18.2%. Not permitting natural suckling by calves could reduce the odds of exposing calves to MAP on the teat surfaces of MAP-positive cows by 19.5%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results underscored the need for strict adherence to practices that limit contact of calves with adult cows from the time of birth and promote hygienic colostrum handling to avoid possible contamination with MAP during colostrum harvest, storage, or feeding.
AN EXPLORATION OF STUDENT ATTITUDES ON PRIVACY/SECURITY ISSUES: FACEBOOK USAGE CONCERNS AND EXPECTATIONS

The technological advent of Social Media, powered and enhanced in great measure by the introduction of Facebook, has generated the need for an exploratory and in-depth research study of the privacy and security implications inherent in Social Networking Sites (SNS), and the responses of the students that engage in this sphere of activity interaction through Facebook integration. In this study, we examine and categorize the privacy and security concerns of undergraduate college students at the time of entry into the SNS environment and in the period beyond the entry stage. A survey instrument of twenty-four relevant privacy and security questions and accompanying demographic data was designed, disseminated to the undergraduate students, and analyzed. The three research questions revolved around these factors: the privacy concerns of undergraduate students when first encountering the Facebook environment, differences in perception due to the gender of the user in regard to privacy concerns about Facebook, and changes in privacy concerns with continued usage over a period of time. The primary concerns analyzed within and between groups are: personal privacy, identity theft, stalking, harassment/flaming, and future employment consequences. We conclude with a discussion of results and recommendations for future research trajectories.
Achieving Student Success: Strategies for Creating Partnerships Between Academic and Student Affairs

The focus of this article is to develop a framework for understanding the change process related to collaboration between academic and student affairs. A national survey of collaboration between student and academic affairs was conducted. Structural and cultural theories of change were used to examine the research questions. The findings indicate that combined models are best able to guide student and academic affairs collaboration. The study results suggest that universities and comprehensive institutions need to pay particular attention to structural strategies and obstacles.
The Role of Food Tourism in Sustaining Regional Identity: A Case Study of Cornwall, South West England

This exploratory paper examines the role of food tourism in developing and sustaining regional identities within the context of rural regeneration, agricultural diversification and the creation of closer relationships between production and consumption in the countryside. It focuses on Cornwall, South West England, an area with rural development issues, increasing tourism impacts and contested issues of regional identity. A literature and policy analysis, and in-depth interviews with 12 restaurateurs, were undertaken in four popular tourist locations. Correlation was found between increased levels of food tourism interest and the retention and development of regional identity, the enhancement of environmental awareness and sustainability, an increase in social and cultural benefits celebrating the production of local food and the conservation of traditional heritage, skills and ways of life. The paper draws attention to three issues: the role of food tourism in increasing tourist spending, the potential role of food tourism in extending the tourist season, and the re-examination of food tourist typologies within a sustainability framework.
Indian diabetes risk score according to menopausal status in Asian Indian women: The Santiniketan Women study

Recognizing that the onset of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) occurs before 50 years of age in 54.1% of cases and because T2DM abolishes the normal sex-related differences in the prevalence of chronic heart disease, we undertook a cross-sectional study to evaluate the Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS) according to menopausal status in Asian Indian women between April and August 2008 in the Bolpur-Santiniketan area, West Bengal, India. In all, 136 healthy women aged 25–65 years took part in the study. The definitions of pre-, periand post-menopausal women were described elsewhere. All subjects provided written consent prior to participating in the study, which was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the Human Genetic Engineering Research Center, Calcutta, India. Anthropometric and body composition data were collected using standard techniques and formulas and results are presented in Table 1. Participants were considered centrally non-obese if they had a waist circumference (WC) <80 cm and as centrally obese when the WC was ‡80 cm. Patients were divided into different risk categories, namely ‘‘low risk’’, ‘‘medium risk’’, and ‘‘high risk’’, on the basis of the IDRS (scores <30, 30–£50, and >60, respectively), with some minor modification. Comparison of IDRS between groups with different menopausal status revealed that there were significant group differences for medium and high risk IDRS (Table 2). Of the 102 premenopausal women, 9% were categorized as high risk, whereas of the 34 postTable 1 Anthropometric and body composition data for the study population (n = 136)
Trade Union Influence on Human Resource Management Practices

This paper examines the influence of unions on 37 human resource management practices, ranging from hiring policies to promotion practices. The logistic regression results show that unionization is positively associated with a more formal approach to human resource management. There is, however, a shift from performance-based payment systems and performance appraisal (P.A.) functions in unionized settings. The results also indicate that union firms are more selective of new hires by adopting a formal probationary period for new employees. Last, the estimates suggest that the impact of unions on training programs varies with the nature of the programs.
Public Value Inside: What is Public Value Creation?

Abstract The author develops building blocks for a non-normative public value theory. After a short overview of the rise of public value and challenges in defining public value, the constructs “value,” “public,” “public value,” and “public value creation” are systematically introduced by drawing on a range of philosophical, psychological, and economic concepts. Psychological accounts are identified as the key to understand public value creation. Derived from needs theory, four basic public value dimensions are proposed and related to a public value landscape. Consequences of this re-conceptualization of public value are discussed with special emphasis of the public sector.
The Impact of XBRL: A Delphi Investigation

This project attempts to add to the extant research by presenting the results of a future forecasting Delphi study that addresses the impacts of XBRL in the second decade of the new millennium. The future impacts of XBRL [eXtensible Business Reporting Language] on financial reporting were studied using the Delphi technique. The Delphi panel suggests that XBRL is very likely to impact corporations, financial reporting, users of financial reports and auditing. The most likely impacts of XBRL include: increased accessibility of financial reports, easier regulatory compliance, enhanced availability of financial reports, facilitation of continuous reporting, and improved efficiency in investment and business decision making.