Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of increasing inflow of warm Atlantic water on the sea‐air exchange of carbon dioxide and methane in the Laptev Sea

The Laptev Sea is generally a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide and a source of methane to the atmosphere. We investigate how sensitive the net sea‐air exchange of carbon dioxide and methane in the Laptev Sea are to observed changes in the inflow of Atlantic water into the Arctic Ocean and in atmospheric conditions occurring after 1990. Using a time‐dependent coupled physical‐biogeochemical column model, both the physical and biogeochemical effects are investigated in a series of sensitivity experiments. The forcing functions are kept constant at 40 year climatological values except successively selected drivers that vary in time. Their effects are examined by comparing two periods, 1971–1989 and 1991–2009. We find that the flux of carbon dioxide is more sensitive to the increased Atlantic water inflow than the methane exchange. The increased volume transport of water in the Atlantic layer increases the ocean net uptake of carbon dioxide more than the warming of the incoming bottom water as the vertical advection is enhanced in the first case. The methane cycling is mainly affected by the increase in temperature, irrespective of whether the warming originates from the atmosphere or the incoming bottom water, causing increased outgassing to the atmosphere. In summary, our results suggest that the observed changes in the atmosphere and ocean potentially had a substantial impact on carbon dioxide uptake on the Siberian Shelf. However, the results suggest that the impact on the outgassing of methane might have been relatively modest compared to the interannual variability of sea‐air fluxes of methane.
Habitat Suitability, Distribution Modelling and GAP Analysis of Przewalski’s Gazelle Conservation

Simple Summary The population of Przewalski’s gazelle (Procapra przewalskii) has increased over the past decades, but it is still threatened by a variety of environmental factors and human disturbance. Most of the suitable habitats for Przewalski’s gazelle are limited to the vicinity of Qinghai Lake. Moreover, most of the suitable habitat for Przewalski’s gazelle is not included in the scope of the reserve. Thus, conservation translocation may be an effective way of protecting Przewalski’s gazelle. Abstract Although the population of Przewalski’s gazelle (Procapra przewalskii) has increased, this species is still threatened by a variety of risk factors, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, grassland fencing, grazing conflict, the segmentation of different populations, and declines in population genetic diversity. In order to determine the potential suitable habitat of Przewalski’s gazelle and find a new suitable location for its conservation translocation, we used the MaxEnt model to predict the suitable habitats in Qinghai Province, Gansu Province, and the Ordos Plateau in Inner Mongolia and other regions with historical distribution records. On the basis of the MaxEnt model’s prediction of the potential suitable habitat of Przewalski’s gazelle, we used GAP analysis to determine the existing protection gaps and provide a new reference for the future protection of Przewalski’s gazelle. We found that altitude, temperature, vegetation type, and distance from roads were the main environmental factors affecting the geographical distribution of Przewalski’s gazelle. Most of the suitable habitat of Przewalski’s gazelle is confined around Qinghai Lake. GAP analysis revealed that most of the suitable habitats of Przewalski’s gazelle are not included in the established reserves, and Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve only covers a small area around Qinghai Lake. The whole reserve only accounts for 7.11% of the area of the suitable habitat for Przewalski’s gazelle and 15.79% of the area of the highly suitable habitat for Przewalski’s gazelle. We suggest that conservation translocation for Przewalski’s gazelle should be put on the agenda. It is necessary to consider reintroducing these gazelles into their potential suitable habitats as a feasible way of establishing new populations and saving this species.
ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISTICS OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus ISOLATED FROM ACNE OUTPATIENTS IN CAN THO CITY, VIETNAM

Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định đặc điểm của các chủng S. aureus kháng methicillin lưu hành trên da của những người bị mụn. Các chủng S. aureus được sàng lọc tính kháng methicillin bằng các phương pháp bao gồm, oxacillin agar (OA), khuếch tán đĩa cefoxitin (CDD) và PCR phát hiện gen mecA. Các chủng MRSA dương tính với mecA được kiểm tra sự hiện diện của gen Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) và phân loại dựa trên Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). Ba mươi bảy chủng S. aureus được phân lập từ 78 mẫu phết da. Mười tám chủng được xác định là dương tính với gen mecA. Các phương pháp OA và CDD cho thấy độ nhạy thấp hơn PCR trong sàng lọc MRSA. Mười sáu chủng MRSA phân lập được ghi nhận là đa kháng thuốc. Các chủng phân lập cho thấy tỷ lệ cao về kiểu hình kháng clindamycin, gentamycin, erythromycin và linezolid. Tám chủng MRSA mang gen tổng hợp PVL. Trong dịch tễ học phân tử của MRSA, chiếm ưu thế nhất là SCCmec loại II và III. Các chủng còn lại là SCCmec loại IV. Do đó, sự lây lan của MRSA đa kháng thuốc với sự đa dạng di truyền có thể gây lo ngại về sức khỏe cộng đồng. Nghiên cứu này chỉ ra tính cấp thiết của việc xác định tính kháng kháng sinh và đặc điểm dịch tễ của MRSA trong điều trị và kiểm soát sự lây lan của mầm bệnh này.
POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM IN MARIBOJOC BAY, BOHOL, PHILIPPINES

Seagrass ecosystem is an important component of the coastal and marine biodiversity, yet seagrasses remain in decline in the Philippines. This study carried out spatial assessment on seagrass ecosystem in Maribojoc Bay. The spatial dataset consists of geographic, ecological and social data. Particularly, this study determined the spatial associations across environmental variables with seagrass biotic variables. Seven species of seagrass were identified and the occurrence ranged from Thalassia– Enhalus bed to a maximum of seven species in mixed communities. Maribojoc Bay had a “fair” seagrass condition. The findings of the study provide spatial data demonstrating that seagrass ecosystem in Maribojoc Bay was influenced by several environmental factors and land-use practices. Land-use related to human development had the most important impact on seagrass biological variables in the present study. Seagrass beds adjacent to human development showed lower seagrass density, species richness, percent cover and Th shoot density. Hence, the nature of coastal land is an important determinant of seagrass health and condition. The findings of the study suggest that mitigating human activities on land adjacent to seagrass communities is more important for maintaining seagrass biodiversity. It is therefore important to consider both marine and land-based strategies for mitigating declines in seagrasses and degradation
Application of the sumudu transform to some equations with fractional derivatives

The aim of the article is to obtain the exact solutions of the linear fractional differential equations by the integral transforms. Exact solutions of the equations with power-law, expo-nential-decay and Mittag-Leffler kernels have been obtained by the Sumudu transform. We demonstrate some simulations to show the effect of the proposed transforms. Cite this article as: Akgül A, Öztürk G. Application of the sumudu transform to some equations with fractional derivatives. Sigma J Eng Nat Sci 2023;41(6):1132−1143.
RtNAC055 promotes drought tolerance via a stomatal closure pathway linked to methyl jasmonate/hydrogen peroxide signaling in Reaumuria trigyna

Abstract The stomata regulate CO2 uptake and efficient water usage, thereby promoting drought stress tolerance. NAC proteins (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) participate in plant reactions following drought stress, but the molecular mechanisms underlying NAC-mediated regulation of stomatal movement are unclear. In this study, a novel NAC gene from Reaumuria trigyna, RtNAC055, was found to enhance drought tolerance via a stomatal closure pathway. It was regulated by RtMYC2 and integrated with jasmonic acid signaling and was predominantly expressed in stomata and root. The suppression of RtNAC055 could improve jasmonic acid and H2O2 production and increase the drought tolerance of transgenic R. trigyna callus. Ectopic expression of RtNAC055 in the Arabidopsis atnac055 mutant rescued its drought-sensitive phenotype by decreasing stomatal aperture. Under drought stress, overexpression of RtNAC055 in poplar promoted ROS (H2O2) accumulation in stomata, which accelerated stomatal closure and maintained a high photosynthetic rate. Drought upregulated the expression of PtRbohD/F, PtP5CS2, and PtDREB1.1, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities in heterologous expression poplars. RtNAC055 promoted H2O2 production in guard cells by directly binding to the promoter of RtRbohE, thus regulating stomatal closure. The stress-related genes RtDREB1.1/P5CS1 were directly regulated by RtNAC055. These results indicate that RtNAC055 regulates stomatal closure by maintaining the balance between the antioxidant system and H2O2 level, reducing the transpiration rate and water loss, and improving photosynthetic efficiency and drought resistance.
The analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus ultrasound-guided caudal epidural block for abdominal surgery in pediatric patients – A patient and assessor-blind, randomized controlled study

Background: Literature on the efficacy and safety of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in pediatric patients is limited. Hence, we aimed to compare ESPB versus caudal epidural block (CEB) in children undergoing abdominal surgery. Methods: In this patient and assessor-blind study, fifty-two ASA I-II patients, between 1 to 9 years of age, were randomized into groups of 26 each. ESPB group received unilateral or bilateral ultrasound (USG)-guided ESPB with 0.5 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine per side. CEB group received USG-guided CEB with 1 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine. The primary objective was to estimate the proportion of patients requiring postoperative rescue analgesia. The secondary objectives were to assess postoperative Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale scores, duration of analgesia, and consumption of rescue analgesic drugs. Results: More patients in the ESPB group (88.4%), compared to the CEB group (42.3%), required rescue analgesics (P value <0.001). FLACC scores in the ESPB group, though satisfactory, were inferior, to the CEB group. The duration of postoperative analgesia was shorter in the ESPB group by 9.54 h (95% CI: 4.51 to 14.57 h, P value <0.001). The median (IQR) consumption of rescue paracetamol was significantly higher in the ESPB group (20 mg/kg (10,20) compared to the CEB group (0.0 mg/kg (0.0,10) P value <0.001)). No adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: In children undergoing abdominal surgery, both ESPB and CEB were safe and efficacious. CEB provided a longer duration and better quality of analgesia. ESPB may be considered when CEB is contraindicated or difficult.
Açai Flan, A Functional Food with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HN001 Probiotic: Physicochemical Characteristics, Probiotic Survival, Sensory Acceptance and Consumer Perception

Research background. Açaí berry is rich in antioxidant compounds, therefore, it is closely associated with beneficial effects on health. In this research we aimed to evaluate the potential of using L. rhamnosus HN001 as probiotic culture on açai flan. Experimental approach. The flan was evaluated for chemical composition, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, and sensory acceptance during refrigerated storage (5 ºC/42 days). Furthermore, the consumer perception of the product was evaluated using word association presenting to the consumers a photo of the product added or not with the ingredients used and information about the product. Results and conclusions. The flan presented suitable chemical composition, mainly carbohydrates and proteins, probiotic viability reached 8 log CFU/g in the product and 4 log CFU/g after gastrointestinal simulation, typical açai coloration, significant antioxidant activity, and high sensory acceptance. The information about the ingredients and characteristics of the products increased the healthiness and positive feelings of the consumers about the product. Novelty and scientific contribution. Açaí flan has proven to be a suitable carrier for L. rhamnosus HN001 as a probiotic culture, further enhancing the characteristic beneficial properties of the fruit. Therefore, combining this information with marketing strategies that inform consumers about the benefits of the product can further improve its acceptance. As far as we know, this is the first study involving açaí flan with added probiotic culture.
Modification of Surface Flow Analysis Algorithm in SWAT

ABSTRACTSWAT model usually underestimates daily peak discharges. To resolve this problem, in this study, the algorithm related with the surface flow simulation was modified by pa rtitioning excessive infiltration based on the relative length between overland flow time of concentration and percolation travel time in soil water zone and by computing time of concentration varying with the amount of surface flow. The modified SWAT was applied to the Chungju dam watershed to assess the increasing effects of daily peak discharges. The daily peaks simulated by the modified SWAT were on average 10% higher than those by original SWAT for the peaks above 5,000 m 3 /s. The modified SWAT was found to be able to more accurately reproduce daily peaks, particularly showing increase rates of 9.9%, 1 8.6% and 12.6%, respectively, for top three peaks that occurred in the years of 1990, 2002, and 2006.Key words : SWAT, Daily peak discharge, Excessive infiltration, Time of concentration초 록본 연구에서는 SWAT 모형으로 일 유출량을 모의할 경우에 수문곡선의 첨두부가 과소하게 산정되는 문제를 개선하기 위해서 지표유출의 집중시간과 토양수의 연직 유하시간의 상대적 길이를 고려하여 초과침투량의 일부를 지표유출량에 추가로 할당하고 지표유출량의 크기에 따라 집중시간이 가변적으로 계산되도록 지표유출해석 알고리즘을 수정하였다 . 개선된 SWAT 모형을 충주댐 상류유역에 적용한 결과 첨두유량이 5,000 m
Synthesis of (E)-7-arylidene-5-(hydroxy(aryl)methyl)bicyclo[3.2.0] heptan-6-one derivatives as anti-cancer agents

7,7-Dichlorobicyclo [3.2. 0]heptan-6-one was prepared by adding dichloroketene to cyclopentene. Reduction of 7,7-dichlorobicyclo[3.2. 0]heptan-6-one with Zn in acetic acid afforded the bicyclo[3.2. 0]heptan-6-one. (E)-7-Arylidene-5-(hydroxy(aryl)methyl)bicyclo [3.2. 0]heptan-6-ones were synthesized by addition of related benzaldehydes to bicyclo[3.2. 0]heptan-6-one. The anti-proliferative activities of synthesized compounds were elucidated against rat brain tumor (C6) and human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa) cell lines. The most active compound was chloro derivative against C6 cell lines with IC50 = 2.45 μM value (5-FU, IC50 = 14.82 μM). Moreover, the most active compound was methyl derivative against HeLa cell lines with IC50 = 26.30 μM (5-FU, IC50 = 29.30 μM).
Student Perception of Mobile Legends Bang Bang to Improve Vocabulary Mastery

Berkembang pesatnya tekhnologi dan ilmu pengetahuan, menyebabkan berbagai aspek dalam kehidupan mengaplikasikan penggunaan teknologi didalamnya. Termasuk dalam aspek pendidikan. Guru menggunakan media pembelajaran menggunakan teknologi yang banyak tersedia di internet. Game merupakan salah satu aplikasi yang banyak digunakan guru dalam menunjang pembelajaran. Mobile Legends Bang Bang adalah game yang sedang marak dimainkan oleh kalangan remaja. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap Mobile Legends Bang Bang dalam meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata Bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini mengambil data kualilitatif dengan metode survey atau kuesioner dengan jumlah pertanyaan 21, yaitu 20 pertanyaan tertutup dan 1 pertanyaan terbuka, dengan responden siswa SMA dalam lingkup Tangerang dan Jakarta Selatan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa menunjukkan persepsi positif terhadap Mobile Legends Bang Bang untuk meningkatkan kosakata Bahasa Inggris.
In situ groundwater remediation research in the Bitterfeld region in eastern Germany (SAFIRA)

The SAFIRA project has been set up to examine and further develop in situ groundwater decontamination techniques. The Bitterfeld region was selected as the model location for investigations into developing in situ technologies for the remediation of complex contaminated groundwater. The principal site-specific investigations have been completed and the main contaminants characterized. The location was found to be suitable for a pilot plant and the fundamental mechanisms for removing the pollutant cocktail are now known ; degradation experiments have been scaled up. The methods tested successfully in the laboratory and in the mobile decontamination unit to prove their chemical and hydrological long-term stability will be competitively optimised in a pilot plant under real-world conditions.
A Low-Complexity Compressive Sensing Algorithm for Point Target Detection Using Ultrafast Plane Wave Imaging

Ultrasound plane wave imaging is an ultrafast technique to obtain the reconstructed images in real-time. However, identifying the point targets (such as microcalcifications) is challenging in this imaging technique due to the presence of strong acoustic clutter. In this paper, a compressive sensing (CS)-based algorithm, named modified-CS (M-CS), is proposed which can be used to accurately identify the point targets. In the proposed algorithm, the processing matrix is divided into some non-overlapping sub-matrices, and each part is processed separately. Then, the output passes through the thresholding and localization processes to obtain the locations of the point targets. Compared to the conventional CS algorithm, identifying the point targets in deeper regions of the imaging medium is provided using the M-CS algorithm. Also, due to the usage of smaller sub-matrices, the proposed M-CS algorithm speeds up, and also, needs less memory compared to the conventional CS algorithm. The simulation results confirm the good performance of the proposed algorithm.
The Influence of Motives and Significant others in Adolescent Tobacco Smoking: Evidence from a Survey of Secondary School Adolescents in Dar es Salaam

This study explored the psychosocial influence of tobacco smoking among secondary school adolescents in Ilala district, Dar es Salam region. Specifically, the study sought to explore the influence of significant others and motives on tobacco smoking among secondary school adolescents. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 secondary school adolescents aged between 12 and 22. The findings revealed that the major motive that drives adolescents to smoke tobacco was experimentation. Other motives include; the desire to reduce frustration, pleasure, persuaded to smoke, a way of solving problem, and the habit of being sent to light up cigarette. It was further revealed that smoking cigarette as a way of keeping busy had little influence on secondary schools’ adolescents in Ilala district while the influence of close friends and brothers made a strong contribution to secondary school adolescents in Ilala district to smoke tobacco. Significant others like sister, mother and father were found to have little influence on secondary schools’ adolescents’ tobacco smoking behavior.Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that factors such as motives and the influence of significant others need to be taken into account when considering psycho-educational intervention programs to preventing smoking.
Phytostimulation du maïs par la bactérie Azospirillum lipoferum CRT1 : impact sur des communautés fonctionnelles du microbiote racinaire

Le developpement des plantes est conditionne par leurs interactions avec le microbiote racinaire, dont le fonctionnement repose sur des fonctions elementaires partagees par plusieurs taxons, au sein de groupes fonctionnels. Certains de ces groupes incluent des PGPR (Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria), qui stimulent la croissance des plantes grâce a differentes fonctions phytobenefiques. L'inoculation d'une PGPR peut avoir un impact sur la physiologie de la plante et sur les autres partenaires microbiens de la racine. D'ailleurs, une PGPR inoculee peut modifier la structure genetique du microbiote racinaire global, sans que l'on sache comment cet impact se concretise au niveau de groupes fonctionnels particuliers. L'hypothese de cette these est que les PGPR inoculees peuvent modifier la structure de communautes microbiennes fonctionnelles importantes pour le developpement de la plante. Ces travaux ont evalue l'impact de l'inoculation de la PGPR Azospirillum lipoferum CRT1 sur la taille et/ou la diversite des diazotrophes, des producteurs d'1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) desaminase et des producteurs de 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (ainsi que de la communaute bacterienne totale) dans la rhizosphere du mais cultive en champ sous differents intrants azotes. Nos travaux ont montre que diazotrophes et producteurs d'ACC desaminase pouvaient etre co-selectionnes dans la rhizosphere du mais, et que l'inoculation modifiait la composition taxonomique de ces groupes fonctionnels. En conclusion, l'inoculation de PGPR module la selection rhizospherique de taxons telluriques portant des fonctions phytobenefiques, ce qui pourrait contribuer aux effets phytobenefiques observes
Identifying Clinical Terms in Medical Text Using Ontology-Guided Machine Learning

Background Automatic recognition of medical concepts in unstructured text is an important component of many clinical and research applications, and its accuracy has a large impact on electronic health record analysis. The mining of medical concepts is complicated by the broad use of synonyms and nonstandard terms in medical documents. Objective We present a machine learning model for concept recognition in large unstructured text, which optimizes the use of ontological structures and can identify previously unobserved synonyms for concepts in the ontology. Methods We present a neural dictionary model that can be used to predict if a phrase is synonymous to a concept in a reference ontology. Our model, called the Neural Concept Recognizer (NCR), uses a convolutional neural network to encode input phrases and then rank medical concepts based on the similarity in that space. It uses the hierarchical structure provided by the biomedical ontology as an implicit prior embedding to better learn embedding of various terms. We trained our model on two biomedical ontologies—the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) and Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine - Clinical Terms (SNOMED-CT). Results We tested our model trained on HPO by using two different data sets: 288 annotated PubMed abstracts and 39 clinical reports. We achieved 1.7%-3% higher F1-scores than those for our strongest manually engineered rule-based baselines (P=.003). We also tested our model trained on the SNOMED-CT by using 2000 Intensive Care Unit discharge summaries from MIMIC (Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care) and achieved 0.9%-1.3% higher F1-scores than those of our baseline. The results of our experiments show high accuracy of our model as well as the value of using the taxonomy structure of the ontology in concept recognition. Conclusion Most popular medical concept recognizers rely on rule-based models, which cannot generalize well to unseen synonyms. In addition, most machine learning methods typically require large corpora of annotated text that cover all classes of concepts, which can be extremely difficult to obtain for biomedical ontologies. Without relying on large-scale labeled training data or requiring any custom training, our model can be efficiently generalized to new synonyms and performs as well or better than state-of-the-art methods custom built for specific ontologies.