Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impairment of endothelial‐mesenchymal transformation during atrioventricular cushion formation in Tmem100 null embryos

Background: Endothelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EndMT) is essential for endocardial cushion formation during cardiac morphogenesis. We recently identified Tmem100 as an endothelial gene indispensable for vascular development. In this study, we further investigated its roles for EndMT during atrioventricular canal (AVC) cushion formation. Results: Tmem100 was expressed in AVC endocardial cells, and Tmem100 null embryos showed severe EndMT defect in the AVC cushions. While calcineurin‐dependent suppression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the AVC myocardium is important for EndMT, significant up‐regulation of Vegfa expression was observed in Tmem100 null heart. EndMT impaired in Tmem100 null AVC explants was partially but significantly restored by the expression of constitutively‐active calcineurin A, suggesting dysregulation of myocardial calcineurin‐VEGF signaling in Tmem100 null heart. Moreover, Tmem100 null endocardial cells in explant culture did not show EndMT in response to the treatment with myocardium‐derived growth factors, transforming growth factor β2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2, indicating involvement of an additional endocardial‐specific abnormality in the mechanism of EndMT defect. The lack of NFATc1 nuclear translocation in endocardial cells of Tmem100 null embryos suggests impairment of endocardial calcium signaling. Conclusions: The Tmem100 deficiency causes EndMT defect during AVC cushion formation possibly via disturbance of multiple calcium‐related signaling events. Developmental Dynamics 244:31–42, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
REMAP for video soundtrack indexing

Indexing of video soundtracks is an important issue for the navigation in multimedia databases. Based on wordspotting techniques, it should meet very constraining specifications; namely fast response to queries, concise processed speech information for limiting the storage memory, speaker independant mode, easy characterization of any word by its phonemic spelling. A solution based on phonemic lattices and on a division of the indexing process into an off-line and an online part is proposed. Previous works based on frame labelling and maximum likelihood criterion are now modified to take into account this new approach based on a maximum a posteriori (MAP) criterion. The REMAP algorithm implements this MAP criterion for training. It has several advantages such as maximizing the global discriminant criterion, avoiding the difficult problem of phoneme transition detection during the training process and being well suited for a hybrid hidden Markov model (HMM) and neural network (NN) approach.
Periodic long-term X-ray and radio variability of Cygnus X-1

We present a comprehensive analysis of long-term periodic variability of Cyg X-1 using the method of multiharmonic analysis of variance applied to available monitoring data since 1969, in X-rays from Vela 5B, Ariel 5, Ginga, CGRO and RXTE satellites and in radio from the Ryle and Green Bank telescopes. We conflrm a number of previously obtained results, and, for the flrst time, flnd an orbital modulation at 15 GHz in the soft state and show the detailed non-sinusoidal shape of that modulation in the hard state of both the 15-GHz emission and the X-rays from the RXTE/ASM. We flnd the CGRO/BATSE data are consistent with the presence of a weak orbital modulation, in agreement with its theoretical modelling as due to Compton scattering in the companion wind. We then conflrm the presence of a»150-d superorbital period in all of the data since»1976, flnding it in particular for the flrst time in the Ariel 5 data. Those data sets, covering >65 superorbital cycles, show a remarkable constancy of both the period and the phase. On the other hand, we conflrm the presence of a »290-d periodicity in the 1969{1979 Vela 5B data, indicating a switch from that period to its flrst harmonic at some time < 1980. We flnd the superorbital modulation is compatible with accretion disc precession. Finally, we flnd a signiflcant modulation in the RXTE/ASM data at a period of 5.82 d, which corresponds to the beat between the orbital and superorbital modulations provided the latter is prograde.
An improved DEM refinement approach for DEM reconstruction with high resolution InSAR data in mountainous area

An improved DEM refinement approach is presented in this paper to produce Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of 1∶50,000 in mountainous areas with steep slope using high resolution SAR data. In order to deduce the precise DEM, a coarse external DEM is utilized to reduce the impact of phase errors on the InSAR-generated DEM. The proposed algorithm should include two parts: the first step is to model and remove phase trends with a linear regression analysis before converting phase to height. The second step is to filter unreliable height points before interpolating DEM product from InSAR height map. The preliminary experimental results show that our approach improved the accuracy of the resulting DEM significantly without any ground control points, the DEM reconstruction experiment derived from the TerraSAR data has been proved fulfill the 1∶50,000 DEM in mountainous areas.
A local registration scheme for route optimization in nested NEMO

Network mobility (NEMO) basic support protocol (NBSP) proposed by IETF allows a group of hosts along with mobile router to change their attachment to Internet. However, packets will be encapsulated and tunneled to the destination which results in sub-optimal routing and increased overhead especially in nested NEMO. In this paper, we present a hierarchical mobility management architecture and propose a novel mobility registration scheme to optimize the data path in nested NEMO. A one-way tunnel is built between top level mobile router and its home agent to eliminate the bi-directional tunnel employed by NBSP. Moreover, the hierarchical architecture reduces mobility registration overhead and network resource usage. Analytical results show that our scheme achieves lower packet delivery overhead and mobility registration costs than others.
Finite extensions and the number of countable models

An Ehrenfeucht theory is a complete first order theory with exactly n countable models up to isomorphism, 1 < n < ω. Numerous results have emerged regarding these theories ([1]–[15]). A general question in model theory is whether or not the number of countable models of a complete theory can be different than the number of countable models of a complete consistent extension of the theory by finitely many constant symbols. Examples are known of Ehrenfeucht theories that have complete extensions by finitely many constant symbols such that the extensions fail to be Ehrenfeucht ([4], [8], [13]). These examples are easily modified to allow finite increases in the number of countable models. This paper contains examples in the other direction—complete theories that have consistent extensions by finitely many constant symbols such that the extensions have fewer countable models. This answers affirmatively a question raised by, among others, Peretyat'kin [8]. The first example will be an Ehrenfeucht theory with exactly four countable models with an extension by a constant symbol that has only three countable models. The second example will be a complete theory that is not Ehrenfeucht, but which has an extension by a constant symbol that is Ehrenfeucht. The notational conventions for this paper are standard. Peretyat'kin introduced the theory of a dense binary branching tree with a meet operator [7]. Dense ω-branching trees have also proven useful [5], [11]. Both of the Theories that will be constructed make use of dense ω-branching trees.
Wi-Fi sensing: Should mobiles sleep longer as they age?

An essential condition precedent to the success of mobile applications based on Wi-Fi (e.g., iCloud) is an energy-efficient Wi-Fi sensing. From a user's perspective, a good WiFi sensing policy should depend on both inter-AP arrival and contact duration time distributions. Prior work focuses on limited cases of those two distributions (e.g., exponential) or introduces heuristic approaches such as AI (Additive Increase). In this paper, we formulate a functional optimization problem on Wi-Fi sensing under general inter-AP and contact duration distributions, and propose how each user should sense Wi-Fi APs to strike a balance between energy efficiency and performance, depending on the users' mobility pattern. To that end, we derive an optimal condition which sheds insights into the aging property, the key feature required by efficient Wi-Fi sensing polices. Guided by the analytical studies and the implications, we develop a new sensing algorithm, called WiSAG (Wi-Fi Sensing with AGing), which is demonstrated to outperform the existing sensing algorithms up to 34% through extensive trace-driven simulations using the real mobility traces gathered from smartphones.
High temperature “Hard” piezoelectric ceramics of BiScO3-PbTiO3-Pb(Nb, Mn)O3 with Fe2O3 addition

“Hard” piezoelectric materials of Fe modified 0.37BiScO<sub>3</sub>-0.6PbTiO<sub>3</sub>-0.03Pb(Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> (BS-PT-PMN-Fe) ceramics were prepared by traditional solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that BS-PT-PMN-Fe ceramics showed single perovskite structure with dominant tetragonal phase, and the c/a ratios was enlarged with Fe content. The grain size of BS-PT-PMN-Fe ceramics decreased obviously from 25 to 1 μm with the increase of Fe content from 0 to 3 mol%. The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of BS-PT-PMN-Fe ceramics with 2 mol% Fe addition are as follows: ε = 600, tanδ = 0.008, d<sub>33</sub> = 240, Q<sub>m</sub> = 500, and k<sub>p</sub> = 0.38, which were comparable to those of PZT-4 traditional “hard” piezoelectric ceramics. Both piezoelectric and dielectric properties were stable from room temperature up to 400 °C, about 250 °C higher than those of conventional PZT piezoelectric ceramics. In addition, the temperature coefficient of resonance frequency (TCF) of ceramics with 3 mol% Fe addition was -21 ppm/°C, which is one tenth that of PZT ceramics.
Identification of a single peridinin sensing Chl-a excitation in reconstituted PCP by crystallography and spectroscopy

The peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein (PCP) of dinoflagellates is unique among the large variety of natural photosynthetic light-harvesting systems. In contrast to other chlorophyll protein complexes, the soluble PCP is located in the thylakoid lumen, and the carotenoid pigments outnumber the chlorophylls. The structure of the PCP complex consists of two symmetric domains, each with a central chlorophyll a (Chl-a) surrounded by four peridinin molecules. The protein provides distinctive surroundings for the pigment molecules, and in PCP, the specific environment around each peridinin results in overlapping spectral line shapes, suggestive of different functions within the protein. One particular Per, Per-614, is hypothesized to show the strongest electronic interaction with the central Chl-a. We have performed an in vitro reconstitution of pigments into recombinant PCP apo-protein (RFPCP) and into a mutated protein with an altered environment near Per-614. Steady-state and transient optical spectroscopic experiments comparing the RFPCP complex with the reconstituted mutant protein identify specific amino acid-induced spectral shifts. The spectroscopic assignments are reinforced by a determination of the structures of both RFPCP and the mutant by x-ray crystallography to a resolution better than 1.5 Å. RFPCP and mutated RFPCP are unique in representing crystal structures of in vitro reconstituted light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes.
Commissioning and periodic tests of the Esteya® electronic brachytherapy system

A new electronic brachytherapy unit from Elekta, called Esteya®, has recently been introduced to the market. As a part of the standards in radiation oncology, an acceptance testing and commissioning must be performed prior to treatment of the first patient. In addition, a quality assurance program should be implemented. A complete commissioning and periodic testing of the Esteya® device using the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie and the European Society for Radiotherapy & Oncology (GEC-ESTRO) guidelines for linacs and brachytherapy units as well as our personal experience is described in this paper. In addition to the methodology, recommendations on equipment required for each test are provided, taking into consideration their availability and traceability of the detectors. Finally, tolerance levels for all the tests are provided, and a specific frequency for each test is suggested.
A Cognitive Analysis of Emanation Fictive Motion in Chinese Song Poems

Fictive motion is a cognitive pattern to represent the nonveridical phenomena; it exists widely in literature language.Based on the fictive motion in Talmy's theory,this paper has a cognitive analysis of four subtypes in emanation fictive motion represented in Classic Chinese Song poems. The analysis indicates that the conceptualization of fictive motion mainly involves mental simulation and sequential mental scanning. The processing of fictive motion emphasizes the interaction between mind and the environment,and it contributes to the artistic conception of the poetry; fictive motion is helpful for literature creation and comprehension.
Characteristics of visits to licensed acupuncturists, chiropractors, massage therapists, and naturopathic physicians.

BACKGROUND Despite growing popularity of complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies, little is known about the patients seen by CAM practitioners. Our objective was to describe the patients and problems seen by CAM practitioners. METHODS We collected data on 20 consecutive visits to randomly sampled licensed acupuncturists, chiropractors, massage therapists, and naturopathic physicians practicing in Arizona, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Washington. Data were collected on patient demographics, smoking status, referral source, reasons for visit, concurrent medical care, payment source, and visit duration. Comparative data for conventional physicians were drawn from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. RESULTS In each profession, at least 99 practitioners collected data on more than 1,800 visits. More than 80% of visits to CAM providers were by young and middle-aged adults, and roughly two thirds were by women. Children comprised 10% of visits to naturopathic physicians but only 1% to 4% of all visits to other CAM providers. At least two thirds of visits resulted from self-referrals, and only 4% to 12% of visits were from conventional physician referrals. Chiropractors and massage therapists primarily saw musculoskeletal problems, while acupuncturists and naturopathic physicians saw a broader range of conditions. Visits to acupuncturists and massage therapists lasted about 60 minutes compared with 40 minutes for naturopathic physicians and less than 20 minutes for chiropractors. Most visits to chiropractors and naturopathic physicians, but less than one third of visits to acupuncturists and massage therapists, were covered by insurance. CONCLUSIONS This information will help inform discussions of the roles CAM practitioners will play in the health care system of the future.
The Helicobacter pylori Vacuolating Toxin Inhibits T Cell Activation by Two Independent Mechanisms

Helicobacter pylori toxin, VacA, damages the gastric epithelium by erosion and loosening of tight junctions. Here we report that VacA also interferes with T cell activation by two different mechanisms. Formation of anion-specific channels by VacA prevents calcium influx from the extracellular milieu. The transcription factor NF-AT thus fails to translocate to the nucleus and activate key cytokine genes. A second, channel-independent mechanism involves activation of intracellular signaling through the mitogen-activated protein kinases MKK3/6 and p38 and the Rac-specific nucleotide exchange factor, Vav. As a consequence of aberrant Rac activation, disordered actin polymerization is stimulated. The resulting defects in T cell activation may help H. pylori to prevent an effective immune response leading to chronic colonization of its gastric niche.
High order finite difference schemes with good spectral resolution

This paper presents a family of finite difference schemes for the first and second derivatives of smooth functions. The schemes are Hermitian and symmetric and may be considered a more general version of the standard compact (Pade) schemes discussed by Lele. They are different from the standard Pade schemes, in that the first and second derivatives are evaluated simultaneously. For the same stencil width, the proposed schemes are two orders higher in accuracy, and have significantly better spectral representation. Eigenvalue analysis, and numerical solutions of the one-dimensional advection equation are used to demonstrate the numerical stability of the schemes. The computational cost of computing both derivatives is assessed and shown to be essentially the same as the standard Pade schemes. The proposed schemes appear to be attractive alternatives to the standard Pade schemes for computations of the Navier? Stokes equations.
Enhanced Recovery Pathways in Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology

Importance Enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) are considered standard of care across a variety of surgical disciplines, but ERPs have not been widely adopted in gynecology. Objective The aim of this study was to describe ERP principles and the role of ERPs in gynecology and gynecologic oncology. Evidence Acquisition Comprehensive literature search was performed using MEDLINE, the Cochrane Collaboration Database, and PubMed. Results Meta-analyses of a substantial number of randomized controlled trials have shown that implementation of ERP protocols is associated with decreased length of hospital stay, a decrease in rates of postoperative complication, decreased morbidity, and cost savings while preserving patient satisfaction and quality of life. Conclusions and Relevance High-quality evidence exists for improved outcomes among patients in ERPs. Enhanced recovery programs save resources and costs across the health care system. As quality metrics and bundled payments increase in health care, ERPs will have increasing prominence. Target Audience Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians. Learning Objectives After completing this activity, the learner will be better able to specify the key components of enhanced recovery protocols, explain the rationale and benefit of enhanced recovery protocols across all surgical disciplines, and discuss the current body of evidence regarding enhanced recovery protocols in gynecology and gynecologic oncology patients.
A model describing cell polyploidization in tissues of growing fruit as related to cessation of cell proliferation

Endoreduplication is a phenomenon, widespread among plants, which consists of an incomplete cell cycle without mitosis and leads to the increase of the nuclear DNA content. In this work, a model was developed describing cell proliferation and DNA endoreduplication over the whole fruit development, from the pre-anthesis period until maturation. In each mitotic cycle of duration t, the proportion of cells proceeding through division depends on a constant parameter r and on the progressive decline of the proliferating capacity u. The non-dividing cells may either stop the reduplication fully, or switch to repeated syntheses of DNA without cell division, resulting in cell endoreduplication. A single constant parameter s describes the proportion of cells that moves from one to the next class of DNA content after each lapse of time tE, considered to be the minimum time required for an endocycle. The model calculates the total number of cells and their distribution among eight classes of ploidy level. The dynamic patterns of cell proliferation and ploidy were compared with those obtained experimentally on two contrasting tomato genotypes. The approach developed in this model should allow the future integration of new knowledge concerning the genetic and environmental control of the switch from complete to incomplete cell
Latent topic driving model for movie affective scene classification

This paper proposes a latent topic driving model (LTDM) as a novel approach to movie affective scene classification. LTDM is a discriminative model of emotions driven by movie affective contents. Unlike existing methods, our approach is based on movie topic extraction via the latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and emotion dynamics modeling with reference to Plutchik's emotion theory. The classification procedure starts by segmenting movie scenes into movie shots, each of which is represented by a histogram of quantized affect-related audio-visual features. LDA is applied to detect topics of each movie shot. Emotions for the current movie shot are estimated based on both the topics of the shot and emotion transition weights determined by Plutchik's emotion theory. We conduct experiments using 206 movie scenes extracted from 24 movie titles (total 6 hours 20 min. 12 sec.) and the labels of eight emotion categories given by 16 subjects are collected. The results show that LTDM outperforms conventional modeling approaches in terms of the subject agreement rate.
Molecular Origins for the Dominant Negative Function of Human Glucocorticoid Receptor Beta

ABSTRACT This study molecularly elucidates the basis for the dominant negative mechanism of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoform hGRβ, whose overexpression is associated with human glucocorticoid resistance. Using a series of truncated hGRα mutants and sequential mutagenesis to generate a series of hGRα/β hybrids, we find that the absence of helix 12 is neither necessary nor sufficient for the GR dominant negative phenotype. Moreover, we have localized the dominant negative activity of hGRβ to two residues and found that nuclear localization, in addition to heterodimerization, is a critical feature of the dominant negative activity. Molecular modeling of wild-type and mutant hGRα and hGRβ provides structural insight and a potential physical explanation for the lack of hormone binding and the dominant negative actions of hGRβ.
Supersonic mechanisms for charge and energy transfers in anharmonic molecular chains.

The dynamical theory of a quantum quasiparticle moving in a deformable anharmonic chain is extended into the supersonic region. Besides a supersonic self-trapping mode, which is a direct extension of the well-known subsonic Davydov-Scott mode, two additional dynamically stable transfer mechanisms have been discovered in this region: ~i! the capture and transfer of the self-trapping state by a supersonic acoustic ~lattice! soliton and ~ii! the pairing of two lattice solitons via their interaction with a quasiparticle. @S0163-1829~96! 01222-2#
Discover Probabilistic Knowledge from Databases Using Evolutionary Computation and Minimum Description Length Principle

We have developed a new approach (MDLEP) to learning Bayesian network structures based on the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle and Evolutionary Programming (EP). It integrates a MDL metric founded on information theory and several new genetic operators including structure-guided operators, a knowledge-guided operator, a freeze operator, and a defrost operator for the discovery process. In contrast, existing techniques based on genetic algorithms (GA) only adopt classical genetic operators. We conduct a series of experiments to demonstrate the performance of our approach and to compare it with that of the GA approach developed in a recent work. The empirical results illustrate that our approach is superior both in terms of quality of the solutions and computational time for data sets we have tested. In particular, our approach can scale up and discover extremely good networks from large benchmark data sets of 10000 cases. Lastly, our MDLEP approach does not need to impose the restriction of having a complete variable ordering as input.