Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Telephone-Based Versus In-Person Delivery of Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Veterans with Chronic Multisymptom Illness: A Controlled, Randomized Trial

ABSTRACT The goal of this randomized clinical trial was to examine the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral stress reduction treatment for reducing disability among veterans with chronic multisymptom illness (CMI). Veterans (N = 128) who endorsed symptoms of CMI were randomized to: usual care (n = 43), in-person (n = 42), or telephone-delivered cognitive behavioral stress management (n = 43). Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. The primary outcome was limitation in roles at work and home (i.e., “role physical”). Reductions in catastrophizing cognitions were evaluated as a mechanism of action. Intent-to-treat analyses showed no statistically significant main effect, F(2, 164) = . 58, p = . 56, or interaction effect, F(4,164) = . 94, p = . 45, for role physical. Over time, veterans improved in their physical function, F(2,170) = 5.34, p < . 01; η2partial = . 06, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, F(2,170) = 9.39, p < . 01; η2partial = . 10, depressive symptoms, F(2,170) = 10.81, p < . 01, η2partial = . 11, and physical symptoms, F(2, 172) = 12.65, p < . 01; η2partial = . 13, but these improvements did not differ across study arms over time. Completer analyses yielded similar results. There were no differences in catastrophizing between arms. Findings suggest stress reduction may not be the right target for improving disability among veterans with CMI. Veterans with CMI may need intervention that directly impacts medical self-management to improve disability.
An increasing the power transmission efficiency of flat spiral coils by using ferrite materials for wireless power transfer applications

The optimal power transmission of a flat spiral coils are presented for wireless power transfer applications. It is a technique to increase the power transmission efficiency of magnetic field for wireless power transfer system by applying a flat spiral coils in conjunction with ferrite materials. The magnetic field distribution of flat spiral ferrite core materials and flat spiral air core will be analyzed by using the CST EM STUDIO program. Theoretical analyses investigate that a novel flat spiral coil applicator is effective for radiating the magnetic field or increasing the power transmission efficiency of wireless power transfer system. In the simulations, we competitions the magnetic field radiation and longest distance between the two kinds of induction coils with ferrite core and air core. The results of the simulation showed that the flat spiral ferrite core material has increased the power transmission efficiency about 42% when compared to the flat spiral air core. The advantage of a flat spiral coils by using ferrite materials are presented is that it can be applied to wireless power transfer system to high effectively.
Ability-Performance Relationships in Memory Skill Tasks for Young and Old Adults

The present experiment investigated ability-performance relationships for two memory skills, each of which required associative learning. Evidence suggests that, after practice, young and old adults have equivalent associative learning abilities (Fisk and Rogers, 1991; Kausler, 1982). We provided 41 young and 52 old adults with extensive practice on consistently and varied versions of a memory search task and a noun pair look-up task (Ackerman and Woltz, 1993). Only consistent practice allows associative learning because the stimulus items are consistently paired; in varied practice, item pairings change across practice and associative learning is not possible. We also assessed a wide range of abilities for each subject and were thus able to investigate ability-performance relationships across practice conditions and across age groups. These relationships provide an indication of the underlying abilities related to task performance (Ackerman, 1988). The mean data suggested that both young and old adults demonstrated successful associative learning in the two CM tasks. The individual differences data suggest, however, that different abilities may be driving performance across the two age groups. These data have important implications for predicting whether or not older adults will successfully acquire a new skill. If the target skill requires associative learning, older adults, may perform as efficiently as young adults if they are provided with sufficient, consistent practice. The ability-performance data suggest that predictions about which individuals will be most successful at skills requiring associative learning, may be dependent on the age of the target population.
Noninvasive prenatal testing in routine clinical practice for a high-risk population

Abstract This study aimed to summarize the effects of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) on aneuploidy among high-risk participants in Tangshan Maternal and Children Health Hospital. NIPT or invasive prenatal diagnosis was recommended to patients with a high risk of fetal aneuploidy from February 2013 to February 2014. Patients who exhibited eligibility and applied for NIPT from January 2012 to January 2013 were included in a comparison group. The rates of patients who underwent invasive testing, declined to undergo further testing, and manifested trisomies 21, 18, and 13 were compared between two groups. Follow-up data were obtained from the participants who underwent NIPT from 2013 to 2014. A total of 7223 patients (3018 and 4205 individuals before and after NIPT) were eligible for analysis. After NIPT was introduced in 2013 to 2014, 727 patients (17.3%) underwent invasive testing, 2828 preferred NIPT (67.3%), and 650 declined to undergo further testing (15.5%). A total of 34 cases of trisomies 21, 18, and 13 (0.8%) were found. In 2012 to 2013, 565 patients (18.7%) underwent invasive testing and 2453 declined to undergo further testing (81.3%). A total of 7 cases of trisomies 21, 18, and 13 were documented (0.2%). Of these cases, 24 were found from NIPT and 10 cases were found from invasive testing. The number of participants who declined to undergo further testing significantly decreased after NIPT was introduced (81.3% vs. 15.5%, P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of NIPT for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 were 100% and 99.9%, respectively. The detection rates of NIPT for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 also significantly increased (0.2% vs. 0.8%, P < 0.001). By contrast, the overall rates of invasive testing remained unchanged (18.7% vs. 17.3%, P = 0.12). The positive predictive values of NIPT for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 were 100%, 83.3%, and 50.0%, respectively. The false positive rates of NIPT were 0% and 0.04%. With NIPT implementation in clinical practice, the rate of declining a follow-up test among high-risk women was decreased and the detection rate of prenatal chromosomal aneuploidy for trisomies 21, 18, and 13 was increased without requiring numerous invasive procedures.
Vacuum gripper imitated octopus sucker-effect of liquid membrane for absorption-

This paper describes a vacuum gripper that imitates the sucker of the octopus which is useful for the handling of industrial parts. It is difficult to use other sucker type vacuum grippers, but this gripper can adhere to rigid materials since the sucker is flexible. In the present work, we evaluated the effect of a liquid membrane on vacuum suction, since the industrial part often has a liquid membrane of, for example, oil and water. The success rate of grip was increased by wetting the surface, regardless of the object's shape and weight, since the liquid membrane filled the gap between the gripper and object. For the same reason, the maximum adsorption force was improved up to 1.8 times of 46 N.
The Effects of 6 Isocaloric Meals on Body Weight, Lipid Profiles, Leptin, and Adiponectin in Overweight Subjects (BMI > 25)

Background: It seems that meal frequency is negatively related to body weight, but the relationship between meal frequency and weight loss is not clearly known yet. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate whether 6 isocaloric meals affected body weight, lipid profiles, leptin, and adiponectin in overweight subjects. Methods: The present randomized controlled trial was conducted on 90 overweight subjects in 3 months. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The control group continued their normal diet, while the intervention group was required to follow a 6 isocaloric meal diet instead of their previous meal pattern (3 meals and 2 snacks). The planned reduced calorie diets for both groups were identical, except for meal pattern. Blood samples were analyzed prior to and at the end of the study for total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, leptin, and adiponectinn concentrations. Paired t-test was used for comparison of the measurements before and after the study in each group. Besides, independent t-test was used for comparison of the measurements between the groups. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.38 ± 9.7 in the intervention group and 37.6 ± 10.9 in the control group. In comparison to the control group, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol (P < 0.001), LDL-C (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001), triglyceride (P < 0.001), and leptin (P = 0.002) and a significant increase in HDL (P < 0.001) and adiponectin (P = 0.031). Conclusions: The 6 isocaloric meal pattern led to a reduction in BMI, lipid profiles (total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglyceride), and leptin concentrations and an increase in HDL and adiponectin compared to the normal diet.
Noise Reduction with Sub-Channel Sorting for OFDM-CDM

In this paper, we consider an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Code Division Multiplexing (OFDM-CDM) system. The noise reduction method based on Least Squares (LS) is introduced into the OFDM-CDM receiver to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), while the system does not work under full load. In this paper, Walsh code is considered to be used in CDM module. The relationship between the spreading codes and the variance of the noise after noise reduction is investigated. Based on this relationship, a simple noise reduction after channel frequency response (CFR) sorting is proposed to improve the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of system further. Simulation results suggest that good performance can be achieved with proposed scheme.
Two‐Zone Model of Shear Dispersion in a Channel Using Centre Manifolds

[Summary]: To achieve better precision in describing contaminant dispersion in channels some authors resort to dividing a channel into two zones, fast and slow, leading to a pair of coupled evolution equations for cross-sectionally-averaged concentrations in the zones. We construct a two-zone model whose accuracy is guaranteed by centre manifold theory. The model leads to evolution equations that differ from existing models. We also formulate modified initial conditions for the model to obtain closer correlation between the manifold solution and real solution. Effectiveness of the modified initial conditions is demonstrated numerically by a comparison between the manifold solution and direct numerical simulations of the original advection–diffusion equations.
Obtaining term similarities on concept extraction study

Concept extraction work, promises to improve the performance of the term-based text mining which has high complexity. The first phase of the concept extraction is to detect the terms have notable frequency to represent the documents. With grouping these terms an important function will be implemented on the way conception. Transition from terms to concepts; by clustering the terms according to similarities between terms, and then by labeling these clusters with an expert. The parameters of clustering algorithm and the quality of the data set will affect the success of this process. In this study, the three methods for term similarity are examined and the the most successful one is tried to find. Study is performed on Turkish language.
Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of young tennis players: comparison of serve vs. return games and winners vs. losers matches

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of young tennis players between serve vs. return games and winners vs. losers matches during simulated tennis match play. Heart rate (HR) and skin temperature (ST) were monitored along with total distance covered in four different speed zones—walking, low-intensity running, moderate-intensity running and high-intensity running, using two portable multivariable integrated 10 Hz GPS monitoring devices over fourteen outdoor clay court matches; ratings of perceived exertion were also determined at the end of the game. Variables describing the characteristics of the matches determined from video recordings were: strokes per rally, rally duration, effective playing time, work-to-rest ratio and rest time between rallies. The results showed no significant differences in physiological responses and time-motion characteristics both serve vs. return games and winners vs. losers matches (p > .05). These findings might be used for the training programmes in order to improve the tennis-specific technical and performance required for young tennis players.
Markovian channel modeling for multipath mitigation in navigation receivers

Multipath is today still one of the most crucial problems in satellite navigation, in particular in urban environments, where the received navigation signals can be affected by blockage, shadowing and multipath reception. Latest multipath mitigation algorithms are based on the concept of sequential Bayesian estimation and improve the receiver performance by exploiting the temporal constraints of the channel dynamics, which have to be characterized by a first-order Markovian model for this purpose. In this paper such a channel model is introduced. Simulation results show the benefit of the novel model.
The Same, Yet Different: Using Hedonic Systems in Utilitarian Settings

Individuals are increasingly using hedonic systems for utilitarian purposes. While IS research has thoroughly investigated the ability to derive hedonic pleasure from utilitarian systems, the need has arisen to research utilitarian gains from hedonic systems. This study describes the shift from hedonic to utilitarian as a spiritual adaptation, derived from Desanctis and Poole’s (1994) Adaptive Structuration Theory. We theorize that the shift from hedonic to utilitarian use of a system occurs when the individual combines a perception of potential cognitive benefit with the existing realization of affectual benefit. These two forces inform our research model, which seeks to predict how and why individuals intend to use hedonic systems for utilitarian purposes. We have developed a method for investigating this model, which will be implemented through a survey comprised of validated measures.
The relation between family factors and metabolic control: the role of diabetes adherence.

OBJECTIVES To examine family factors as predictors of metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes and determine whether adherence behaviors mediate this relationship. METHOD Participants were 109 children (ages 8-18) and a parent. Measures of diabetes-specific family functioning and an adherence interview were completed. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was the index of metabolic control. RESULTS Family functioning and adherence were strongly associated with metabolic control. Combined with demographic information, these constructs accounted for 49% of the variance in metabolic control. Age moderated the relation between aspects of family functioning and HbA1c. Path analyses suggest that adherence mediates the relationship between family functioning and metabolic control. CONCLUSIONS Family functioning and adherence behaviors are strongly related to a child's health status. Assessment of diabetes-specific family functioning, in addition to adherence, is an important factor in understanding metabolic control.
In Vivo Proliferative Regeneration of Balance Hair Cells in Newborn Mice

The regeneration of mechanoreceptive hair cells occurs throughout life in non-mammalian vertebrates and allows them to recover from hearing and balance deficits that affect humans and other mammals permanently. The irreversibility of comparable deficits in mammals remains unexplained, but often has been attributed to steep embryonic declines in cellular production. However, recent results suggest that gravity-sensing hair cells in murine utricles may increase in number during neonatal development, raising the possibility that young mice might retain sufficient cellular plasticity for mitotic hair cell regeneration. To test for this we used neomycin to kill hair cells in utricles cultured from mice of different ages and found that proliferation increased tenfold in damaged utricles from the youngest neonates. To kill hair cells in vivo, we generated a novel mouse model that uses an inducible, hair cell-specific CreER allele to drive expression of diphtheria toxin fragment A (DTA). In newborns, induction of DTA expression killed hair cells and resulted in significant, mitotic hair cell replacement in vivo, which occurred days after the normal cessation of developmental mitoses that produce hair cells. DTA expression induced in 5-d-old mice also caused hair cell loss, but no longer evoked mitotic hair cell replacement. These findings show that regeneration limits arise in vivo during the postnatal period when the mammalian balance epithelium's supporting cells differentiate unique cytological characteristics and lose plasticity, and they support the notion that the differentiation of those cells may directly inhibit regeneration or eliminate an essential, but as yet unidentified pool of stem cells.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies Linking Physical Attractiveness and Interviewer Evaluation

The positive relationship between applicant physical attractiveness and interviewer evaluation has been repeatedly documented in the interview literature. However, a question that has yet been answered is why physically attractive applicants receive favorable interview ratings. From the lens of two types of self-fulfilling prophecy, the present study examined the dual mediating mechanisms via which applicant physical attractiveness could lead to favorable interviewer evaluation. Questionnaires were filled out by 194 interviewers and interviewees participated in real employment interviews in Taiwan. Results showed that applicant physical attractiveness positively affected interviewer liking, which in turn reduced the difficulty of interview questions and lead to better interviewer evaluation (Interviewer self-fulfilling prophecy). Applicant physical attractiveness also positively affected interviewer evaluation through enhancing applicants' self-efficacy and interviewee performance (Applicant self-fulfilli.
TRPV2 Is Activated by Cannabidiol and Mediates CGRP Release in Cultured Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons

Transient receptor potential V2 (TRPV2) has been proposed to be a high-threshold thermosensor. However, further elucidation of the channel properties and physiological role of TRPV2 have been hindered by the lack of selective pharmacological tools as well as by the species-dependent differences in the activation of this channel. In the present study, we have used cell-based calcium mobilization and electrophysiological assays to identify and characterize several novel cannabinoid TRPV2 agonists. Among these, cannabidiol was found to be the most robust and potent (EC50 = 3.7 μm), followed by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (EC50 = 14 μm) and cannabinol (EC50 = 77.7 μm). We also demonstrated that cannabidiol evoked a concentration-dependent release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in a cannabinoid receptor- and TRPV1-independent manner. Moreover, the cannabidiol-evoked CGRP release depended on extracellular calcium and was blocked by the nonselective TRP channel blocker, ruthenium red. We further provide evidence through the use of small interfering RNA knockdown and repetitive stimulation studies, to show that cannabidiol-evoked CGRP release is mediated, at least in part, by TRPV2. Together, these data suggest not only that TRPV2 may comprise a mechanism whereby cannabidiol exerts its clinically beneficial effects in vivo, but also that TRPV2 may constitute a viable, new drug target.
Chronic Oxytocin Administration as a Treatment Against Impaired Leptin Signaling or Leptin Resistance in Obesity

This review summarizes the existing literature on the effects of oxytocin administration in the treatment of obesity in different animal models and in humans, focusing on the central control of food intake, the oxytocin effects on adipose tissue, and the relationships between oxytocin and leptin. Oxytocin is a hypothalamic nonapeptide synthesized mainly in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei projecting to the pituitary, where it reaches the peripheral circulation, as well as to other brain regions. Moreover, leptin modulates oxytocin levels and activates oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, which innervates the nucleus of the solitary tract, partly responsible for the brain-elicited oxytocin effects. Taking into account that oxytocin is located downstream leptin, it was hypothesized that oxytocin treatment would be effective in decreasing body weight in leptin-resistant DIO animals, as well as in those with leptin or with leptin receptor deficiency. Several groups have demonstrated that in such animal models (rats, mice, and rhesus monkeys), central or peripheral oxytocin administration decreases body weight, mainly due to a decrease in fat mass, demonstrating that an oxytocin treatment is able to partly overcome leptin deficiency or resistance. Moreover, a pilot clinical study demonstrated the efficiency of oxytocin in the treatment of obesity in human subjects, confirming the results obtained in the different animal models. Larger multicenter studies are now needed to determine whether the beneficial effects of oxytocin treatment can apply not only to obese but also to type 2 diabetic patients. These studies should also shed some light on the molecular mechanisms of oxytocin action in humans.
Discrimination in the Provision of Social Services to the Poor: A Field Experimental Study

This paper uses an experimental field approach to investigate the pro-social preferences and behavior of social services providers and the behavior of potential beneficiaries in Bogota, Colombia. Field experiments were conducted using games including a newly designed Distributive Dictator Game in order to examine traits and mechanisms guiding pro-sociality. Replicating the patterns of previous studies, individuals showed a preference for fair outcomes, positive levels of trust and reciprocity, and willingness to punish unfair outcomes. The results provide evidence that the poor trigger more pro-social behavior from all citizens, including public servants, but the latter display strategic generosity. Additional observations include a bias in favor of women and households with more dependents, but discriminatory behavior against stigmatized groups.