Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving electronics manufacturing supply chain agility through outsourcing

The highly competitive electronics manufacturing marketplace demands that suppliers provide low‐cost, high‐quality products to their customers in a timely fashion. Shortened product life cycles and increasingly global competition have caused traditional manufacturers to focus on their company core competencies, such as product design and development, choosing to outsource the actual manufacturing of their products to contract manufacturers. Although the decision to outsource can have both positive and adverse effects on key areas of the manufacturing supply chain, one positive effect is that the manufacturer’s supply chain agility is increased. Outsourcing has caused an increase in the amount of information that is shared between supply chain partners. As a result, a greater reliance on suppliers and alliance partners has become essential for company survival. We examine the ways in which contract manufacturing has increased the agility of the electronics manufacturing supply chain.
Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma in the UK: insights from the RECCORD registry

The RECCORD registry gathered real-world data on treatment and outcome for metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients in the UK. RECCORD revealed that the uptake of new agents varied across the UK. Survival and progression data were consistent with published trial reports. Longer overall survival was associated with a number of factors such as usage of second-line therapy and an initial dose reduction.
MPEG-21 Integrated Cross Layer QoS Adaptation Architecture for Multimedia Applications in Future MANETs to Support Heterogeneous Network Environment

Different variety of multimedia-enabled end-user devices continues increase in number and expectation of ubiquitous customer irrespective their terminal capabilities in a heterogeneous environment offered numerous opportunities to quality of service improvements. Potential computing expects MANETs to work with interoperability offering quality of service as professed by the user in a heterogeneous environment. This article presents architecture for state-of-the-art wireless multi-hop networks, and identifies research issues that need to be addressed for successful streaming with content awareness using protocol such as RTSP under heterogeneous environment for the next generation of wireless mobile ad hoc networks. The proposed architecture includes integration of MPEG-21 multimedia framework, digital content verification engine, cross layer design and interaction at various layers including network and MAC layers and IEEE 802. 21 to handle mobility in MANETs to offer quality of service provisioning.
The Selection Algorithm of Composed Service Scheme for Complicated Business

The composed service for the complicated business appeared with the boom of electronic commerce. Previous routing algorithms designed for the linear and parallel service composition are not feasible since there are multiple interactive messages between service components. The feasible composed-service scheme selection algorithms are present, which regards delay as a prior consideration while finding service components, and the interactive times of messages is an important metric as well as delay and bandwidth while selecting a composed service scheme. The simulation result shows the proposed algorithms achieve shorter path length and higher success ratio compared with the previous selection algorithm ideas.
Competition and Predation as Mechanisms for Displacement of Greenback Cutthroat Trout by Brook Trout

Abstract Cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii frequently are displaced by nonnative brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, but the ecological mechanisms of displacement are not understood. Competition for food and predation between greenback cutthroat trout O. c. stomias and brook trout were investigated in montane streams of Colorado. A replicated field study was used to describe the population density, diet, stomach fullness, and body condition of the two species in allopatry and sympatry. Population data confirmed that brook trout displaced greenback cutthroat trout at sites where the species occur together. The diets of the two species were different; cutthroat trout consumed more prey items and a wider variety of prey than brook trout. Sympatry did not influence gut fullness or body condition for either species. Predation occurred at low rates that did not account for declines in populations of greenback cutthroat trout. Instead, population data suggest that the displacement of greenback cutthroat trout .
Exercise and Cardiac Preconditioning Against Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury, remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized nations. Ongoing research is aimed at uncovering therapeutic interventions against IR injury. Regular exercise participation is recognized as an important lifestyle intervention in the prevention and treatment of CVD and IR injury. More recent understanding reveals that moderate intensity aerobic exercise is also an important experimental model for understanding the cellular mechanisms of cardioprotection against IR injury. An important discovery in this regard was the observation that one-to-several days of exercise will attenuate IR injury. This phenomenon has been observed in young and old hearts of both sexes. Due to the short time course of exercise induced protection, IR injury prevention must be mediated by acute biochemical alterations within the myocardium. Research over the last decade reveals that redundant mechanisms account for exercise induced cardioprotection against IR. While much is now known about exercise preconditioning against IR injury, many questions remain. Perhaps most pressing, is what mechanisms mediate cardioprotection in aged hearts and what sex-dependent differences exist. Given that that exercise preconditioning is a polygenic effect, it is likely that multiple mediators of exercise induced cardioprotection have yet to be uncovered. Also unknown, is whether post translational modifications due to exercise are responsible for IR injury prevention. This review will provide an overview the major mechanisms of IR injury and exercise preconditioning. The discussion highlights many promising avenues for further research and describes how exercise preconditioning may continue to be an important scientific paradigm in the translation of cardioprotection research to the clinic.
Response threshold-based task allocation in a reinforcement learning robotic swarm

Swarm robotics is a relatively new research area, established as an application of social insects swarm intelligence to multi-robot systems. This paper focuses on the division of labor, and a response threshold model observed in insect societies is applied to a swarm robotic system that performs food foraging. Each robot has a response threshold for leaving their nest and then making a decision by using a reinforcement learning controller for food-searching. In particular, the effect of response threshold reinforcements is investigated.
Next generation mobile fronthaul and midhaul architectures [Invited]

Centralized processing is expected to bring about substantial benefits for wireless networks both on the technical side and on the economic side. While this concept is considered an important part of future radio access network architectures, it is more and more recognized that the current approach to fronthauling by employing the Common Public Radio Interface protocol will be inefficient for large-scale network deployments in many respects, and particularly for the new radio network generation 5G. In this paper, an overview is given of currently available optical fronthaul technologies, and of recently started activities toward more efficient and scalable solutions, and finally an outlook is given into which 5G specific service characteristics may further impact future backhaul, midhaul, and fronthaul networks.
A random increasing sequence hash chain and smart card-based remote user authentication scheme

In 2012, Hsieh and Leu proposed a remote user authentication scheme. They use cryptographic hash functions to design their scheme. By designing a method to analyse one-way hash functions, we propose two attacks on their scheme. One is masquerade attack and another is guessing attack. In addition, we point out that their scheme provides no user anonymity and propose a remote user authentication scheme. Our scheme can provide user anonymity. Based on the one-wayness of hash functions and random increasing sequence-based hash chain, our proposed scheme can resist outsider masquerade attack and insider guessing attack.
Technology Mapping for Robust Asynchronous Threshold Networks

As process, temperature and voltage variations become sign ifica t in deep submicron design, timing closure becomes a critical ch lenge in synchronous CAD flows. One attractive alternative is to us e robust asynchronous circuits which gracefully accommodate timin g discrepancies. However, there is currently little CAD support for s uch robust methodologies. In this paper, an algorithm for technol ogy mapping of robust asynchronous threshold networks is presente d. The proposed algorithm is the first to systematically optimize for e ither delay or area, without destroying the hazard-freedom properties of the initial unoptimized circuits. The algorithm was implemented and ex periments were performed on a near-complete industrial DES circuit pr ovided by Theseus Logic, using a particular asynchronous threshol d circuit style called NCL (Null Convention Logic), which had been alr e dy optimized in an existing constrained asynchronous synthesis flow based on synchronous CAD tools. Average delay improvements up to 2 6.7% and area improvements up to 4.5% were obtained, when conside ring the largest subcircuits (with over 400 inputs and outputs). When only the single longest path delay of each subcircuit is consider e , the algorithm obtained worst-case delay improvements up to 26.4% . Though the proposed method is applied in the NCL design flow, the cont ribution is general enough to be used for other robust asynchronous th re hold
Stock prediction using multiple time series of stock prices and news articles

In the stock market, stock prices of multiple companies interact with each other. For instance, a stock price movement of a company triggers that of another one. Therefore, investors are interested in inter-relationship of multiple companies whose stock prices interact with each other. In recent years, a number of studies are conducted to predict stock price movements in the area of artificial intelligence. Most of them focus on stock prediction but not on explaining the reason why they succeed in stock prediction. In this study, we propose a method to find out a rule that predicts the stock price movement of a target company. We use rate of change of multiple companies' stock prices and a newspaper article about a company in the rule. We explain the reason why the rule succeeds in its prediction by analyzing inter-relationship of these companies and the target company by the use of newspaper articles and stock prices related to Companies Co-occurrence Map. This method is applied to the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and encouraging results are obtained.
Large T antigen on the simian virus 40 origin of replication: a 3D snapshot prior to DNA replication

Large T antigen is the replicative helicase of simian virus 40. Its specific binding to the origin of replication and oligomerization into a double hexamer distorts and unwinds dsDNA. In viral replication, T antigen acts as a functional homolog of the eukaryotic minichromosome maintenance factor MCM. T antigen is also an oncoprotein involved in transformation through interaction with p53 and pRb. We obtained the three‐dimensional structure of the full‐length T antigen double hexamer assembled at its origin of replication by cryoelectron microscopy and single‐particle reconstruction techniques. The double hexamer shows different degrees of bending along the DNA axis. The two hexamers are differentiated entities rotated relative to each other. Isolated strands of density, putatively assigned to ssDNA, protrude from the hexamer–hexamer junction mainly at two opposite sites. The structure of the T antigen at the origin of replication can be understood as a snapshot of the dynamic events leading to DNA unwinding. Based on these results a model for the initiation of simian virus 40 DNA replication is proposed.
Empirical distributions of stock returns: between the stretched exponential and the power law?

A large consensus now seems to take for granted that the distributions of empirical returns of financial time series are regularly varying, with a tail exponent b close to 3. We develop a battery of new non-parametric and parametric tests to characterize the distributions of empirical returns of moderately large financial time series, with application to 100 years of daily returns of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, to 1 year of 5-min returns of the Nasdaq Composite index and to 17 years of 1-min returns of the Standard & Poor's 500. We propose a parametric representation of the tail of the distributions of returns encompassing both a regularly varying distribution in one limit of the parameters and rapidly varying distributions of the class of the stretched-exponential (SE) and the log-Weibull or Stretched Log-Exponential (SLE) distributions in other limits. Using the method of nested hypothesis testing (Wilks‘ theorem), we conclude that both the SE distributions and Pareto distributions provide reliable descriptions of the data but are hardly distinguishable for sufficiently high thresholds. Based on the discovery that the SE distribution tends to the Pareto distribution in a certain limit, we demonstrate that Wilks‘ test of nested hypothesis still works for the non-exactly nested comparison between the SE and Pareto distributions. The SE distribution is found to be significantly better over the whole quantile range but becomes unnecessary beyond the 95% quantiles compared with the Pareto law. Similar conclusions hold for the log-Weibull model with respect to the Pareto distribution, with a noticeable exception concerning the very-high-frequency data. Summing up all the evidence provided by our tests, it seems that the tails ultimately decay slower than any SE but probably faster than power laws with reasonable exponents. Thus, from a practical viewpoint, the log-Weibull model, which provides a smooth interpolation between SE and PD, can be considered as an appropriate approximation of the sample distributions.
Revolution: The Reagan Legacy

Revolution: the Reagan Legacy gives a vivid account of how Reagan came to power, the way he governed, and the people around him - Bush, Haig, Deaver, Weinberger, Shultz, Stockman, Jim Baker, Don Regan, Casey, North - right through a detailed analysis of the Iran-Contra affair. Anderson, called the 'intellectual powerhouse behind policy' and 'the invisible man' in Reagan's White House,' presents a clear and thought-provoking assessment of Ronald Reagan's legacy to the United States and the world. In a new chapter written especially for this edition, based on an exclusive interview with President Reagan after he left office, Martin Anderson reveals Reagan's thinking about issues that were controversial during his presidency: What he meant when he called the Soviet Union an 'evil empire' - and why he did it. Reagan's role as prime mover behind Star Wars - how he decided to give the order to begin developing a nuclear missile defense The secret Reagan/Andropov correspondence in 1983 - including a copy of Reagan's handwritten letter to Andropov and its consequences for nuclear disarmament negotiations
Multiple Functionally Redundant Signals Mediate Targeting to the Apicoplast in the Apicomplexan Parasite Toxoplasma gondii

ABSTRACT Most species of the protozoan phylum Apicomplexa harbor an endosymbiotic organelle—the apicoplast—acquired when an ancestral parasite engulfed a eukaryotic plastid-containing alga. Several hundred proteins are encoded in the parasite nucleus and are posttranslationally targeted to the apicoplast by a distinctive bipartite signal. The N-terminal 20 to 30 amino acids of nucleus-encoded apicoplast targeted proteins function as a classical signal sequence, mediating entry into the secretory pathway. Cleavage of the signal sequence exposes a transit peptide of variable length (50 to 200 amino acids) that is required for directing proteins to the apicoplast. Although these peptides are enriched in basic amino acids, their structural and functional characteristics are not well understood, which hampers the identification of apicoplast proteins that may constitute novel chemotherapeutic targets. To identify functional domains for a model apicoplast transit peptide, we generated more than 80 deletions and mutations throughout the transit peptide of Toxoplasma gondii ferredoxin NADP+ reductase (TgFNR) and examined the ability of these altered transit peptides to mediate proper targeting and processing of a fluorescent protein reporter. These studies revealed the presence of numerous functional domains. Processing can take place at multiple sites in the protein sequence and may occur outside of the apicoplast lumen. The TgFNR transit peptide contains at least two independent and functionally redundant targeting signals, each of which contains a subdomain that is required for release from or proper sorting within the endoplasmic reticulum. Certain deletion constructs traffic to multiple locations, including the apicoplast periphery, the rhoptries, and the parasitophorous vacuole, suggesting a common thread for targeting to these specialized compartments.
Guiding Critical Technical Practices in Community-Based Maker Spaces for Youth Through Question Prompts

In this study we investigate the use of question prompts as a scaffold for the development of metacognitive thinking in relation to critical technical practices in community-based maker spaces for youth. Using qualitative methods, the study generated a set of eight core questions that self-aware makers ask themselves: What will make me happy? Who is my audience? What resources do I have and need? What will inspire me to spend my time and effort? What do I know? Can I let myself make a mistake? How will my creation affect other people? What kind of a maker am I?
Influence of Inoculum Content on Performance of Anaerobic Reactors for Treating Cattle Manure using Rumen Fluid Inoculum

Biogas productions of cattle manure using rumen fluid inoculums were determined using batch anaerobic digesters at mesophilic temperatures (room and 38.5 o C). The aim of this paper was to analyze the influence of rumen fluid contents on biogas yield from cattle manure using fluid rumen inoculums. A series of laboratory experiments using 400 ml biodigester were performed in batch operation mode. Given 100 grams of fresh cattle manure (M) was fed to each biodigester and mixed with rumen fluid (R) and tap water (W) in several ratio resulting six different M:W:R ratio contents i.e. 1:1:0; 1:0.75:0.25; 1:0.5:0.5; 1:0.25:0.75; and 1:0:1 (correspond to 0; 12.5; 25, 37.5; 50, and 100 % rumen, respectively). The research showed that, either in room temperature as well as in 38.5 C, the best performance of biogas production was obtained with rumen fluid in the range of 25-50 %. Increasing rumen content will also increase biogas production. This is suggest that, due to the optimum total solid (TS) content for biogas production between 7-9 % (or correspond to more and less manure and total liquid 1:1), the rumen fluid content of 50 % will give the best performance for biogas production. However, intensively research need to be carried in further research to study interaction effect of TS and rumen content to biogas production.
A Study on the Energy Efficient Path Selection Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network Manopriya

Wireless sensor Network is designed to deal with the intermittent connectivity among mobile nodes due to mobility and it is used to reduce the energy consumption of nodes and to prevent the formation of energy holes. In Order to improve the quality of the Service of the system , we need to obtain best optimal path through the query node however, these benefits are dependent on the path taken by the mobile sink, particularly in delay-sensitive applications, as all sensed data must be collected within a given time constraint. An approach proposed to address this challenge is to form a hybrid moving pattern in which a mobile-sink node only visits rendezvous points (RPs), as opposed to all nodes. Sensor nodes that are not RPs forward their sensed data via multihopping to the nearest RP. The fundamental problem then becomes computing a tour that visits all these RPs within a given delay bound. Identifying the optimal tour, however, is an NP-hard problem. To address this problem, a heuristic called weighted rendezvous planning (WRP) is proposed, whereby each sensor node is assigned a weight corresponding to its hop distance from the tour and the number of data packets that it forwards to the closest RP.
Dialogue Processing in a CALL-System

In a CALL-environment (Computer-assisted language learning) programs should ideally allow the learner to train his/her communicative competence, which is one of the main goals of foreign language teaching nowadays. This can be reached by allowing learners to use and train their knowledge of a foreign language in realistic dialogue-style exercises. All levels of linguistic and communicational analysis have to be considered to realize such a system. In this paper I will concentrate on the dialogue component of the concept, which relies on two main knowledge sources. The discourse grammar structures the dialogue elements (or dialogue acts) as possible parts of a dialogue and the dialogue knowledge base provides the possible contents of dialogues. Additionally, a framing discourse stucture has to be built to provide the specific dialogue-exercise. A FSA (finite state automaton) based on the discourse grammar determines the possible moves which the dialogue might take. On the one hand this concept is restricted enough to allow for (relatively) easy maintenance as well as expansion and on the other hand it is advanced enough to allow for simulated complex dialogues.
Vibrational and thermodynamic properties of MgSiO$_3$ post-perovskite

[1] Phonon dispersions and vibrational density of states of MgSiO3 postperovskite, the new high-pressure phase of MgSiO3 perovskite, are calculated as a function of pressure up to 180 GPa using density-functional perturbation theory. The calculated frequencies are then used to determine the thermal contribution to the Helmholtz free energy within the quasi-harmonic approximation. The equation of state and several thermodynamic properties of interest are derived and compared with those of perovskite. The overall thermodynamic properties of postperovskite are almost the same as those of perovskite under its stability conditions.
Cell Phone System for Tour & Information Guide

We created a voice guide system for historic sites on trial, in which cell phones are applied as the interface to interpret for the history of the site. The system developed here, converts the data with a text into the synthesized voice data, and compresses it. The system stores the compressed voice data in the database. And, the data can be accessible to the database from the cellular phone. Also, we picked out the technical and management problems of the trial system from a questionnaire and studied the effectiveness of the system. In this paper, we describe this system would be useful if the economic problem of downloading data is solved.