Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Depth Variance of Organic Matter Respiration Stoichiometry in the Subtropical North Atlantic and the Implications for the Global Oxygen Cycle

Climate warming likely drives ocean deoxygenation, but models still cannot fully explain observed declines in oxygen. One unconstrained parameter is the oxygen demand per carbon respired for complete remineralization of organic matter (i.e., the total respiration quotient, rΣ‐O2:C). Here, we tested if rΣ‐O2:C declined with depth by quantifying suspended concentrations of particulate organic carbon (POC), particulate organic nitrogen (PON), particulate organic phosphorus (POP), particulate chemical oxygen demand (PCOD), and total oxygen demand (Σ‐O2 = PCOD + 2PON) down to a depth of 1,000 m in the Sargasso Sea. The respiration quotient (r‐O2:C = PCOD:POC) and total respiration quotient (rΣ‐O2:C = Σ‐O2:POC) declined with depth in the euphotic zone, but increased vertically in the disphotic zone. C:N and rΣ‐O2:N changed with depth, but surface values were similar to values at 1,000 m. C:P, N:P, and rΣ‐O2:P mostly decreased with depth. We hypothesize that rΣ‐O2:C is linked to multiple environmental factors that change with depth, such as phytoplankton community structure and the preferential production/removal of biomolecules. Using a global model, we show that the global distribution of dissolved oxygen is equally sensitive to r‐O2:C varying between surface biomes versus vertically during remineralization. Additionally, adjusting the model's r‐O2:C with depth to match our observations resulted in less dissolved oxygen throughout the upper ocean. Most of this loss occurred in the tropical Pacific thermocline, where oxygen models underestimate deoxygenation the most. This study aims to improve our understanding of biological oxygen demand as warming‐induced deoxygenation continues.
Basic ctDNA Panel Promises Affordable Clinical Validity in Colon Cancer Patients but Not in Pancreas Cancer Patients

The potential of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a biomarker to assess the progression of various solid tumors has been explored extensively. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of utilizing a ctDNA sequencing panel specifically designed to target the most frequently mutated genomic regions in colon and pancreas cancers. Through somatic analysis of colon and pancreas tumors, we targeted 27 regions within eight genes. By employing PCR amplification and Illumina NGS, we ensured that each region was adequately covered with a minimum of 5000 reads (with an average of 12,000 reads). Our method exhibited reproducibility with repetition and dilutions. The positive detection threshold for ctDNA was set at a cutoff value of 0.5% ctDNA of the total reads using IGV. Among the samples analyzed, 71% of colon cancer cases displayed somatic mutations covered by the targeted regions. Within this group, detectable ctDNA was observed in 34% of the cases. Conversely, in pancreatic cancer, 55% of mutations were covered by the panel’s regions, but only 13% of these cases exhibited detectable ctDNA. In follow-ups with the patients, changes in ctDNA percentages demonstrated complete concordance with changes in the clinical condition in 88% of the cases. Our findings suggest that employing a basic ctDNA-targeted panel can serve as a cost-effective and reliable approach for repeated monitoring of the efficacy of colon cancer therapy. However, in the case of pancreatic cancer, ctDNA showed limited utility, and alternative biomarkers may offer superior diagnostic value. Additionally, we found that a negative ctDNA test is not a guarantee for a relapse-free recovery; thus, we recommend a continuous follow-up with the patient on a long-term basis.
A Kinetic Pathway to Orthorhombic HfZrO

To improve the crystallinity and phase composition of the Hf0.5Zr0. 5O2 films, the effects of annealing temperature on metal-ferroelectric-metal devices are studied by electrical measurements, nanobeam electron diffraction (NBD), and TEM. Forming gas annealing (FGA) at 400°C partially crystallizes the films, and more crystallization can be achieved by FGA at the increasing temperature of 500°C and 800°C. After FGA at 400°C and 500°C, metastable ferroelectric orthorhombic phase can be obtained as shown by electrical measurements and NBD. By the density functional theory (DFT) simulation, we propose that o-phase formation happens during both the annealing step as well as the cooling step. During the FGA at 800°C, the metastable orthorhombic phase overcomes the activation barrier and transforms into stable monoclinic phase. In this work, the systematic experimental study of phase transformation, free energy simulation for different phases, and schematic diagrams of free energy for phase transition at different temperatures are reported.
Target Detection Within Sea Clutter Based on Multi-Scale Hurst Exponent in Frequency Domain

This paper mainly studies the extended self-similarity of sea clutter frequency spectrum and the application of multi-scale Hurst exponent to target detection within sea clutter.As a generalization of the fractional Brownian motion,the extended self-similar process uses the multi-scale Hurst exponent to describe fractal signals.The multi-scale Hurst exponent can characterize the details of fractal signals in different scales,which makes up for the deficiency of the mono-Hurst exponent that can only describe the whole roughness of fractal signals.Based on real radar data,this paper first studies the extended self-similarity of real sea clutter frequency spectrum and the influencing parameters.Then,the characteristic that the multi-scale Hurst exponent in the optimal frequency scale is relatively sensitive to the target is utilized for designing CFAR detection algorithm for target detection within sea clutter.The analytic results of real data show that the multi-scale Hurst exponent of sea clutter frequency spectrum performs better in separating target from sea clutter than the mono-Hurst exponent and the multi-scale Hurst exponent in time domain.Additionally,because Fourier transform can promote the signal-to-clutter ratio effectively,the proposed detection method has the potential for detecting weak moving targets within sea clutter.
The Relationship between Pre-service Early Childhood Teachers’ Self-Compassion and Self-Regulation: The Moderating Effect of Mindfulness

Teacher characteristics are one indicator which might affect teachers’ teaching practices. The current study was focused on several characteristics that might have an effect on teaching practices. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between self-compassion skills, self-regulation skills, and mindfulness scores of pre-service early childhood teachers and reveal the moderator function of mindfulness in the relationship between self-compassion and self-regulation skills. To accomplish this aim, correlational research method was used and multiple regression analysis was applied to data collected from 213 pre-service teachers. Data were collected through four different instruments: “Personal Information Form, Self-Compassion Scale, Self-Regulation Questionnaire, and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale. ” As a result, a significant relationship between self-compassion and self-regulation skills and a statistically significant relationship between self-compassion skills and mindfulness scores were found. Also, a statistically significant relationship between self-regulation skills and mindfulness scores was revealed. Finally, a moderator effect on the relationship between self-regulation and self-compassion skills of participants was discovered. As a result of the consideration of the related literature, the importance of mindfulness practices for pre-service teachers will be highlighted.
Exports, Irreversible Investments and Product Market Uncertainty: The Role of Trade Intermediaries

ABSTRACT This paper uses the theoretical underpinnings of the real options theory framework to investigate whether uncertainty affects a firms’ decision to directly export versus indirectly export and to determine whether indirect exports may offset the negative effects of uncertainty on export intensity. Using firm-level survey data of 40 emerging countries, we find that uncertainty and firms’ export intensity are negatively correlated. We also find that an increase in uncertainty increases a firms’ willingness to export through trade intermediaries. These results when considered holistically imply that trade intermediaries are able to countervail the negative effect of uncertainty on firms’ export intensity.
Correlation of Late Proterozoic tillites in the North Atlantic region and Europe

Summary Well-established Late Proterozoic tillites are widely distributed in Svalbard, East and North Greenland, the Norwegian and Swedish Caledonides, Scotland, northwestern Ireland, western USSR, the Urals, Newfoundland and the Appalachians. Recent biostratigraphic and geochronometric data have provided the following sequence of glacial events. The earliest evidence of glaciation is represented by tillites in Newfoundland, Scotland and possibly NE Svalbard, and may have taken place in Late Riphean (sensu Vidal) or Sturtian (sensu Harland) time, perhaps c. 800 Ma ago. A glacial period in Vendian time, the Varangian, centred on 650 Ma was a much more severe climatic event, represented in all the above mentioned areas except Newfoundland. Two Varangian glacial epochs are recorded in Svalbard, East Greenland, northern Norway and possibly western USSR, and although most of the deposits are marine, terrestrial conditions prevailed in some areas with associated periglacial phenomena. The earlier epoch was completed before 650 Ma; the later one occurred within the range c. 650–610 Ma. A tectonic reconstruction of the region places eastern Svalbard adjacent to East Greenland, which has implications for major strike-slip motions in late and post-Caledonian times. A discrete ice-sheet is envisaged, centred on the western USSR (terrestrial tillites) with ice flowing out to the then peripheral area of the northwestern Europe continental margin and to the Urals where shallow platformal glaciomarine sediments accumulated.
Pelatihan Pengelolaan Laporan Keuangan dan Manajemen Data Pada Rumah Qur’an Tegal dengan Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Berbasis Website

Pendidikan Al-Qur'an memiliki peran yang sangat penting dan harus ditanamkan sejak usia dini dengan menghafal dan mempelajari Al-Qur'an. Pembelajaran Al-Qur'an adalah suatu ibadah bagi orang muslim karena membaca Al-Qur'an dapat menenangkan hati. Rumah Qur'an Kota Tegal merupakan tempat untuk belajar Al-Qur'an secara nonformal dengan menggunakan metode usyafahah dan ardul qiro'ah. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Rumah Qur'an Tegal adalah kesulitan dalam pembuatan laporan keuangan dan pengelolaan data santri, guru, dan donatur yang masih dalam bentuk manual. Solusi untuk permasalahan tersebut adalah membuat pengembangan laporan keuangan dan aplikasi berbasis website serta memberikan pelatihan tentang pengelolaan laporan keuangan dan pengoperasian sistem manajemen pengelolaan data kepada admin. Metode pengabdian masyarakat yang digunakan adalah adanya sosialisasi, pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi sampai dengan pendampingan pasca penerapan aplikasi. Dalam hal ini yaitu pengembangan pengelolaan keuangan dan manajemen data pada Rumah Qur'an Tegal. Diharapkan dengan pelatihan dan pendampingan ke mitra akan memberikan dampak yang masif dalam peningkatan SDM dan kualitas pelayanan ke masyarakat yang lebih prima. Akhirnya dapat disimpulkan, bahwa pengurus rumah qurán sangat antusias dan tertarik mengikuti tahapan dari semua kegiatan yang dilaksanakan, ini dilihat dari jumlah kehadiran dan banyaknya pertanyaan dari peserta, aplikasi ini akan diterapkan di mitra, dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada masyarakat (santri) yang lebih prima sekaligus sebagai aset data digital Rumah Qurán di masa mendatang.
Effects of cattle grazing during the dormant season on soil surface hydrology and physical quality in a moist‐temperate region

Livestock grazing in paddocks of temperate regions during the dormant season affects soil surface hydrology and physical quality, thus, impacting its capacity to function. However, very few studies have dealt with these effects in temperate‐moist regions. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of grazing on these variables, with reference to soil hydrological and physical characteristics. Soil properties were measured in a paddock under rotational grazing during the growing season only (GR) and compared with those under grazing during the dormant season and rotational grazing during the growing season (DO). Soil series in both paddocks is Coshocton (fine loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquultic Hapludalfs). Soil properties were studied for 0–5, 5–10 and 10–15 cm depths. In comparison with GR, DO had a smaller soil water sorptivity (36·2 vs 19·4 mm min−0·5), transmissivity (2·2 vs 0·6 mm min−1), equilibrium infiltration rate (4·8 vs 1·4 mm min−1) and cumulative infiltration in 3 h (865·6 vs 260·0 mm). In addition, GR had larger volumetric field moisture capacity (41·4 vs 39·3%), water stable aggregates (880 vs 830 g kg−1), coarse root (>1 mm) biomass (12·8 vs 7·2 mg cm−3), smaller penetration resistance (0·93 vs 1·42 MPa) and bulk density (1·24 vs 1·44 g cm−3). A small difference between GR and DO was observed in vane shear strength (130·3 vs 124·8 kPa), and no difference was found in aggregate's mean weight diameter. Soil properties differed among depths, and the effect of grazing decreased with increased depth. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved Towed Airborne Three-Axis Magnetic Gradient Anomalies Navigation

Precise geomagnetic navigation of aircraft without GPS can be challenging. However, the low accuracy of traditional magnetic data and the limitations of the existing geomagnetic matching algorithms affect its implementation. We propose a set of strategies to address these issues. First, we designed a towed airborne three-axis magnetic gradient device for measurements, which effectively reduced the influence of geomagnetic diurnal variation, geomagnetic storms, and aircraft interference. Second, we introduced a least-squares correction algorithm to enhance the accuracy of the magnetic data by reducing the heading error resulting from the magnetometer sensor. The algorithm improved the internal coincidence total accuracy (ICTA) from 0.6529 to 0.0186 nT, a remarkable 35-fold increase. Finally, we established a geomagnetic matching navigation algorithm called aeromagnetic gradient iterative closest contour point (AGICCP) for a three-axis gradient field, which corrected the cumulative error of the inertial navigation system (INS) in long-distance navigation. Our simulation experiments demonstrated that AGICCP outperforms the traditional ICCP and vector ICCP (VICCP) algorithms, reducing the position error from 736.96 and 174.70 m, respectively, to 26.73 m. The suggested magnetic gradient device and the proposed algorithms significantly improve the accuracy of geomagnetic navigation. This study provides new insights into precise airborne navigation with great practical significance.
Magmatic evolution and magma mixing of Quaternary adakites at Solander and Little Solander Islands, New Zealand

Subduction-related Quaternary volcanic rocks from Solander and Little Solander Islands (46 8 34 0 S, 166 8 53 0 E), south of mainland New Zealand, are amphibole- and plagioclase-phyric trachyande-sites^andesites.The Solander and Little Solander Island trachyan-desites^andesites have a narrow range of SiO 2 (60 · 26^62 · 19 and 58 · 20 wt % respectively), and high incompatible element concentrations (e.g. Sr 931^1265 ppm, Ba 619^769 ppm and Sr 2200^ 2269 ppm, Ba 733^798 ppm respectively). They have geochemical affinities with modern adakites (e.g. high Sr/Y (cid:2) 66^105 and (cid:2) 132^146, and depleted Y (cid:2) 11^16 ppm and 16^17 ppm, respect-ively). Isotopically similar porphyritic quench-textured enclaves reflect mixing with intermediate (basaltic andesite) magmas with high incompatible element concentrations.The presence of porphyritic and equigranular enclaves, disequilibrium phenocryst textures and compositions, and cumulate nodules is consistent with the Solander sample suite having evolved in an open crustal magma storage system through combined crystal fractionation and mafic magma recharge. Mixing with incoming batches of hotter and more mafic magma is marked by the appearance of oscillatory- and simple-zoned amphibole and sieve-textured plagioclase phenocrysts with An-rich rim overgrowths. High X Mg clinopyroxene crystals in the Little Solander trachyandesites indicate the late influx of more mafic compositions. Although fractionation is clearly an important process in producing diversity in the Solander magmas, mafic magma recharge is suggested to be responsible for the enrichment in incompatible element concentrations observed in the more evolved Solander and Little Solander Island rocks. The concave-up rare earth element patterns of the Solander and Little Solander trachyandesites and andesites are consistent with significant amphibole fractionation of hydrous magmas at crustal depths outside the garnet stability field.
Rapid Service Design Method for Services with Robots in Healthcare Facilities under COVID-19

Under the influence of COVID-19, rapid research and design are required for the service design process, and even before COVID-19, there were expectations for the adoption of service robots as an answer to labour shortages in the medical field. Against this background, we developed a method for rapid service design method to organise services with robots under COVID-19. This method aims to achieve rapid service design based on behavioural change by introducing rapid ethnography and behavioural design into the research, analysis, design and evaluation steps. To test this method, we implemented two services in two months. The results of the interviews and questionnaire survey of the demonstration experiments confirmed the validity of these services and thus the validity of the method.
Surviving or thriving? Unraveling the business resources enabling competitive advantage in locally owned bridal boutiques

Abstract Bridal boutiques quickly became the most popular bridal business as bridal dress is considered the biggest priority for any bride. To capture this market, many locally-owned bridal boutiques were established within U.S. local communities, subsequently becoming integral to the economic fabric by fostering entrepreneurship and generating employment opportunities. Our study aims to explore the resources possessed by these businesses in this post-pandemic period and how these resources are assisting in achieving competitive advantage. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were carried out for this study, and Resource-Based Theory (RBT) was used as the conceptual framework. The study findings unveiled that the knowledge and experience of business owners emerged as a vital resource, enabling boutique owners to effectively steer their businesses right from their inception. The study findings contributed to the existing body of small fashion/apparel business literature by presenting novel evidence regarding the competitive advantage of local bridal boutiques.
Availability and Utilization of Educational Technology in Primary Schools of Ethiopia

The purpose of this study is to look into the availability and utilization of instructional technology in Ethiopian primary education, using some urban and regional schools as case representatives. 165 in-service teachers were recruited using available sampling method from Addis Ababa and Amhara regional state primary schools. A questionnaire and semi-structured interview items were created and administered to collect data. The study used a descriptive survey design with a mixed methods research approach. Major findings revealed that teachers in the case primary schools do not have accesses to properly utilize educational technologies in the teaching-learning processes. Multiple regression analysis results showed that there is no significant difference in the use of educational technology between regional and urban school teachers.
Ice sliding over weak, fine-grained tills: Dependence of ice-till interactions on till granulometry

Two fundamental aspects of ice-till interactions, the strength of the ice-till coupling and the vertical distribution of deformation in till, may be strongly dependent on till granulometry. In particular, results of theoretical analysis of several physical processes involved in such interactions suggest the following hypotheses: (1) fine-grained tills facilitate ice sliding with ploughing and little distributed deformation, and (2) coarse-grained tills facilitate strong ice-till coupling and relatively deep till deformation (~0.1 m). The theoretical analysis is limited to Coulomb-plastic tills under low subglacial effective stresses (0-100 kPa). Fine-grained tills are represented in the analysis by a clay-rich till from beneath Ice Stream B (ISB), West Antarctica, and a silty Pleistocene till from Ohio. For comparison, two coarse-grained, clast-rich tills are also considered (from beneath the Trapridge Glacier, Yukon, and the Breidamerkurjokull Glacier, Iceland). The mechanical condition for ice sliding over till is defined as the situation in which the strength of the ice-till interface is lower than the strength of the till itself. Model calculations predict that this condition is more likely to be met in fine-grained rather than coarse-grained tills because of (1) lower abundance of ploughing clasts (clast fraction ~0.01 vs. ~0.1), (2) widespread submergence of fine matrix particles even by a very thin basal water film (~10^(-6) m), and (3) greater susceptibility to interface smoothing due to ice-water surface tension. In addition, the theoretical analysis of ice-till interactions considers three potential mechanisms for distribution of deformation in tills of Coulomb-plastic rheology: (1) plastic deformation of till around a ploughing clast, which may affect till to depth of c. 2.7 to c. 4.5 times the clast diameter; (2) particle/clast bridging, which is typically observed to result in a shear-zone that is 10 times greater than the characteristic clast/particle diameter; and (3) vertical shear-zone migration due to water-pressure fluctuations. Combined, these three effects may result in distribution of a significant fraction of ice motion throughout ~0.1 m thickness of a coarse-grained, clast-rich till. However, lower clast abundance and smaller hydraulic diffusivity of a fine-grained till makes it a less favorable environment for significant strain distribution (predicted shear zone thickness ~0.01 m).
Clarifying concepts: “Well-being” in sport

The purpose of this commentary is to critique the application of well-being in the field of sport and exercise psychology and to provide recommendations for future research. Over the last decade well-being has been an increasingly popular concept under investigation. In the field of sport and exercise psychology, numerous scholars have examined and conducted research on well-being of athletes. While this research has resulted in an abundance of findings, there is concern in how the concept of well-being was applied, defined, and measured. The construct of well-being can be traced back to two distinct perspectives, hedonic well-being and eudaimonic well-being. These perspectives of well-being are based on different philosophical assumptions, and while they are compatible, they are theoretically distinct. In sport and exercise psychology, well-being has lacked consistent operationalization and measurement (i.e., theoretical alignment, single dimensions of hedonic or eudaimonic measured to make claims about the broader well-being constructs), is vague and loosely defined, and is often studied in isolation from a well-being perspective (i.e., no theoretical foundation). We conclude by offering three recommendations to move the field of well-being in sport research forward.