Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Secrecy Performance of Wirelessly Powered Wiretap Channels

This paper considers a wirelessly powered wiretap channel, where an energy constrained multi-antenna information source, powered by a dedicated power beacon, communicates with a legitimate user in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. Based on a simple time-switching protocol, where power transfer and information transmission are separated in time, we investigate two popular multi-antenna transmission schemes at the information source, namely, maximum ratio transmission and transmit antenna selection. Closed-form expressions are derived for the achievable secrecy outage probability and average secrecy rate for both schemes. In addition, simple approximations are obtained at the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. Our results demonstrate that by exploiting the full knowledge of channel state information (CSI), we can achieve a better secrecy performance, e.g., with full CSI of the main channel, the system can achieve substantial secrecy diversity gain. On the other hand, without the CSI of the main channel, no diversity gain can be attained. Moreover, we show that the additional level of randomness induced by wireless power transfer does not affect the secrecy performance in the high SNR regime. Finally, our theoretical claims are validated by the numerical results.
Instruction generation for hybrid reconfigurable systems

We present an algorithm for simultaneous template generation and matching. The algorithm profiles the graph and iteratively contracts edges to create the templates. The algorithm is general and can be applied to any type of graph, including directed graphs and hypergraphs. We discuss how to target the algorithm towards the novel problem of instruction generation and selection for a hybrid (re)configurable systems. In particular, we target the strategically programmable system, which embeds complex computational units like ALUs, IP blocks, etc. into a configurable fabric. We argue that an essential compilation step for these systems is instruction generation, as it is needed to specify the functionality of the embedded computational units. Additionally, instruction generation can be used to create soft macros tightly sequenced pre-specified operations placed in the configurable fabric.
Robust Estimation of Mean and Dispersion Functions in Extended Generalized Additive Models

Summary Generalized linear models are a widely used method to obtain parametric estimates for the mean function. They have been further extended to allow the relationship between the mean function and the covariates to be more flexible via generalized additive models. However, the fixed variance structure can in many cases be too restrictive. The extended quasilikelihood (EQL) framework allows for estimation of both the mean and the dispersion/variance as functions of covariates. As for other maximum likelihood methods though, EQL estimates are not resistant to outliers: we need methods to obtain robust estimates for both the mean and the dispersion function. In this article, we obtain functional estimates for the mean and the dispersion that are both robust and smooth. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated via a simulation study and some real data examples.
Multistage Temporal Difference Learning for 2048-Like Games

Szubert and Jaśkowski successfully used temporal difference (TD) learning together with n -tuple networks for playing the game 2048. However, we observed a phenomenon that the programs based on TD learning still hardly reach large tiles. In this paper, we propose multistage TD (MS-TD) learning, a kind of hierarchical reinforcement learning method, to effectively improve the performance for the rates of reaching large tiles, which are good metrics to analyze the strength of 2048 programs. Our experiments showed significant improvements over the one without using MS-TD learning. Namely, using 3-ply expectimax search, the program with MS-TD learning reached 32768-tiles with a rate of 18.31%, while the one with TD learning did not reach any. After further tuned, our 2048 program reached 32768-tiles with a rate of 31.75% in 10,000 games, and one among these games even reached a 65536-tiles, which is the first ever reaching a 65536-tiles to our knowledge. In addition, MS-TD learning method can be easily applied to other 2048-like games, such as Threes. Based on MS-TD learning, our experiments for Threes also demonstrated similar performance improvement, where the program with MS-TD learning reached 6144-tiles with a rate of 7.83%, while the one with TD learning only reached 0.45%.
One Work Analysis, Two Domains: A Display Information Requirements Case Study

Work domain analyses can be time consuming, requiring extensive interviews, documentation review, and observations, among other techniques. Given the time and resources required, we examine how to generalize a work domain analysis technique, namely the hybrid Cognitive Task Analysis (hCTA) method across two domains in order to generate a common set of display information requirements. The two domains of interest are field workers troubleshooting low voltage distribution networks and telecommunication problems. Results show that there is a high degree of similarity between the two domains due to their service call nature, particularly in tasking and decision-making. While the primary differences were due to communication protocols and equipment requirements, the basic overall mission goals, functions, phases of operation, decision processes, and situation requirements were very similar. A final design for both domains is proposed based on the joint requirements.
Microdialysis of Melatonin in the Confluens sinuum of the Rat Following Quantification by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in the Negative Chemical Ion Mode

Summary In this study, an original surgical implantation technique in the confluens sinuum via the superior sagittal vein was developed to quantify melatonin secretion by the pineal gland. Melatonin (CAS 73-31-4) was determined using gas chromatography couples to negative ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry following liquid extraction and derivatisation by pentafluoropropionic acid anhydride (PFPA). The minimum detectable amount was 40 fg per injection, corresponding to 1 pg · ml−1 in dialysate. The assay was linear in the range 20-1000 pg · ml−1. This method was suitable for routine melatonin determination in dialysats of peripheral and central circulation with coefficients of variation of 11.2 and 24.6%, respectively for within and between analyses. Profiles of melatonin concentration were obtained (n = 3 rats) over a 2-day experimentation with a slowly diminution of the filtration capacity of the probe during the second day. The nocturnal concentrations of melatonin in the confluens sinuum dialysat ranged from 1003.9 to 2345 pg · ml−1 in the dialysat, indicating wide interindividual variations in the melatonin levels.
DIFUSÃO DE TECNOLOGIA - UMA VISÃO NEOCLÁSSICA

Neste trabalho discute-se a difusao do ponto de vista da analise neoclassica. Por essa analise, a adocao de tecnologia, decorrido tempo suficiente para que os agricultores possam avaliar a tecnologia, depende basicamente da taxa de retorno da nova tecnologia comparada com as velhas. Distingue-se a velocidade de adocao do numero de adotantes. Aquela relaciona-se com a taxa de retorno e com as variaveis comumente discutidas nos modelos de difusao. O numero de adotantes e apenas funcao da taxa de retorno. Mostra-se que a escolha de tecnologia depende, em geral, da relacao de precos. Mas ha tecnologias que sao robustas a variacao de precos: serao adotadas mesmo que os precos sofram grandes variacoes. DIFFUSION OF TECHNOLOGY - A NEOCLASSICAL VIEW ABSTRACT We discuss the diffusion of technology from the point of view neoclassical economics. In the long run, the adoption of technology depends only on the rate of return of the new technology compared with the old one. A distinction is made between the speed of diffusion and the number of farmers that adopt the new technology. The number of farmers that have adopted the new technology depends only on the rate of return of the new technology compared with the old ones. The speed of adoption is function of the rate of return and of the variables introduced by the diffusion models. The choice of technology depends, in general, on relative prices. There are, however, technologies that support a huge variation of prices.
Random Walks on Context-Aware Relation Graphs for Ranking Social Tags

Social tagging provides an efficient way to manage online resources. In order to collect more social tags, many research efforts aim to automatically suggest tags to help users annotate tags. Many content-based methods assume tags are independent and suggest tags one by one independently. Although it makes suggestion easier, the independence assumption does not confirm to reality, and the suggested tags are usually inconsistent and incoherent with each other. To address this problem, we propose to model contextaware relations of tags for suggestion: (1) By regarding resource content as context of tags, we propose Tag Context Model to identify specific context words in resource content for tags. (2) Given a new resource, we build a context-aware relation graph of candidate tags, and propose a random walk algorithm to rank tags for suggestion. Experiment results demonstrate our method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.
Theoretical model of knowledge management in SMEs life cycle: (A literature study)

This paper aims to present knowledge management model at each stage of small and medium enterprises (SME) life cycle based on characteristics of each stage. Proposed model is formulated as a result of literature review from nine Organizational Life Cycle (OLC) model and some previous research of knowledge management in SMEs. Based on the differences of characteristics obtained from previous models, it can be concluded that each stage of OLC has a different dominant type of knowledge, main knowledge needs, and dominant knowledge management activities. For further research, this theoretical model can be used as a framework in a case study to test the model empirically.
Pharmacologic Characteristics of Indinavir, Didanosine, and Stavudine in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children Receiving Combination Therapy

ABSTRACT The use of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors in children has lagged behind that in adults because of the lack of suitable pediatric formulations and information on safe and effective dosing regimens. This study was designed to obtain pharmacokinetic information on indinavir, administered to HIV-infected children also receiving therapy with two nucleoside agents, and to explore relationships between pharmacokinetic parameters and anti-HIV effect. Indinavir was initiated at a dose of 500 mg/m2 every 8 h. Plasma indinavir concentrations were measured every 4 weeks; the dose or dosing interval was adjusted to maintain trough concentrations of ≥0.1 mg/liter. All children were evaluated clinically at baseline and every 4 weeks. Plasma HIV RNA was quantitated at baseline and at weeks 4, 12, and 24. Eighteen children participated in this study. The average daily dose of indinavir was 2,043 mg/m2; nine children received indinavir at 6-h intervals. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of indinavir (mean ± standard deviation) were the following: oral clearance, 1.4 ± 0.5 liters/h/kg; half-life, 1.1 ± 0.43 h; and trough concentration, 0.29 ± 0.32 mg/liter. In nine children that completed 24 weeks of therapy, the baseline-to-week-24 change in HIV RNA level was related to indinavir trough concentration and didanosine area under the curve. This study illustrates the ability to obtain pharmacokinetic information from children during routine clinic visits and to use this information to provide a safeguard against underdosing. The incorporation of pharmacologic knowledge with virologic, immunologic, and behavioral considerations should result in improved clinical outcomes for children infected with HIV.
A Framework for Evaluating Clustering Algorithm

Security is an important issue for building and sustaining trust relationship in cloud computing and in the usage of web-based applications. Consequently, intrusion detectors that adopt allowable and disallowable concepts are used in network forensics. The disallowable policy enforcers alert on events that are known to be bad while the allowable policy enforcers monitor events that deviate from known good. Nevertheless, sophisticated cases of computer attacks often render attempts to isolate failed attacks from successful attacks ineffective. Thus, attacks are erroneous interpreted and most successful cases of computer attacks are not forestalled while in progress despite the huge volume of warnings that intrusion detectors generate beforehand. Therefore, we present a new clustering algorithm to lessen these problems. Series of evaluations showed how to adopt category utility to improve the efficacies of methods for detecting and preventing intrusions. The results also differentiated failed attacks on computer resources from successful attacks.
Transperineal ultrasonography for evaluation of the perianal fistula and abscess in pediatric Crohn disease: preliminary study

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of transperineal ultrasonography (TPUS) for the evaluation of perianal Crohn disease (PCD) in pediatric patients. Methods: Between September 2010 and August 2013, 64 TPUS examinations were performed in 43 patients (34 males and 9 females; mean age±standard deviation, 13.3±2.4 years; age range, 6 to 17 years) to evaluate PCD. The pain severity, location, and activity of perianal fistula, the presence of an abscess, and anal canal hyperemia were retrospectively evaluated. Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the severity of the pain and the fistula activity, the presence of an abscess, and anal canal hyperemia. Results: All examinations were successfully performed. Thirty-nine examinations (60.9%) were performed without any pain experienced by the patient, 19 examinations (29.7%) with mild pain, five examinations (7.8%) with moderate pain, and one examination (1.6%) with severe pain. The pain severity was correlated with the fistula activity (P<0.01). An anterior fistula location was more common than a posterior location. Active fistulas and abscesses were identified during 30 examinations (46.9%) and 12 examinations (18.8%), respectively. Anal canal hyperemia was identified in 31 examinations (48.4%). Conclusion: TPUS with a color Doppler study is useful for visualizing a perianal fistula or abscess and for assessing its inflammatory activity in pediatric Crohn patients.
Decomposition of Splitting Invariants in Split Real Groups

Abstract For a maximal torus in a quasi-split semi-simple simply-connected group over a local field of characteristic 0, Langlands and Shelstad constructed a cohomological invariant called the splitting invariant, which is an important component of their endoscopic transfer factors. We study this invariant in the case of a split real group and prove a decomposition theorem which expresses this invariant for a general torus as a product of the corresponding invariants for simple tori. We also show how this reduction formula allows for the comparison of splitting invariants between different tori in the given real group.
Complement-mediated regulation of tissue factor activity in endothelium

Inflammation and immunity may be associated with endothelial cell (EC) injury and thrombus formation. We explored the mechanisms through which a humoral immune response directed against the endothelium might promote coagulation. Using the interaction of anti-EC antibodies and complement (C) with cultured EC as a model, we studied the expression and function of tissue factor, a cofactor for factor VIIa-mediated conversion of factor X to Xa. Exposure of EC to anti-EC antibodies and C in sublytic amounts stimulated the synthesis of tissue factor over a period of 16-42 h. Cell surface expression of tissue factor activity required activation of C and assembly of the membrane attack complex, because expression was inhibited by soluble CR1 and was not detected in the absence of C8. Elaboration of tissue factor messenger RNA was observed over a period of 8-30 h and required protein synthesis. Expression of tissue factor was not a direct consequence of the action of C on the EC but was a secondary response that required as an intermediate step the release of interleukin 1 alpha, an early product of the EC response to C activation. These findings suggest that, after the assembly of membrane attack complex on EC, the production of tissue factor and initiation of coagulation in a blood vessel depend on the production of interleukin 1 alpha and on its availability to stimulate affected EC.
A composite reference section for terminal proterozoic strata of southern Namibia.

Integrated sequence stratigraphic and chemostratigraphic data yield a framework for correlations of stratigraphic units in the terminal Proterozoic to Cambrian Witvlei and Nama Groups of Namibia. Coupled with precise U-Pb zircon age constraints, these correlations make it possible to construct a composite reference section for use in calibrating terminal Proterozoic chronostratigraphy. The Namibian reference section starts with two distinct glacial horizons and extends up to within 1 million years of the Proterozoic-Cambrian boundary. The two glacial horizons may represent each of two distinct Varanger-age glaciations better known from the North Atlantic region. From the higher of the two glacial horizons up, the composite stratigraphy preserves one of the thickest and most complete available records of carbon-isotope variability in post-Varanger terminal Proterozoic seawater. Four carbon-isotope chemostratigraphic intervals are recognized: (1) a postglacial negative delta 13C excursion (Npg interval); (2) a rising interval (Pr interval) of increasing positive delta 13C values; (3) a falling interval (Pf interval) characterized by decreasing positive delta 13C and culminating in near zero or negative values; and (4) an interval of moderately positive, relatively invariant delta 13C values (I interval) that extends up to the unconformity that contains the Proterozoic-Cambrian boundary. Each of these chemostratigraphic intervals can be recognized in widely separated correlative sections around the world. By comparing sediment accumulation rate in the radiometrically calibrated Namibian stratigraphy with sediment accumulation rates in correlative sections in Arctic Canada and Oman, a maximum age of 564 Ma is estimated for the end of the younger Varanger glaciation, 25 m.y. younger than previous estimates.
Dynamic measurement-aware routing in practice

Traffic monitoring is a critical network operation for the purpose of traffic accounting, debugging or troubleshooting, forensics, and traffic engineering. Existing techniques for traffic monitoring, however, tend to be suboptimal due to poor choice of monitor location or constantly evolving monitoring objectives and traffic characteristics. One way to counteract these limitations is to use routing as a degree of freedom to enhance monitoring efficacy, which we refer to as measurement-aware routing. Traffic sub-populations can be routed (rerouted) on the fly to optimally leverage existing monitoring infrastructures. Implementing dynamic measurement-aware routing (DMR) in practice is riddled with challenges. Three major challenges are how to dynamically assess the importance of traffic flows; how to aggregate flows (and hence take a common action for them) in order to conserve routing table entries; and how to achieve traffic routing/rerouting in a manner that is least disruptive to normal network performance while maximizing the measurement utility. This article takes a closer look at these challenges and discusses how they manifest for different types of networks. Through an OpenFlow prototype, we show how DMR can be applied in enterprise networks. Using global iceberg detection and capture as a driving application, we demonstrate how our solutions successfully route suspected iceberg flows to a DPI box for further processing, while preserving balanced load distribution in the overall network.
The relationship of social function to depressive and negative symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis

Background Social dysfunction is a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia which commonly precedes the onset of psychosis. It is unclear if social symptoms in clinical high-risk patients reflect depressive symptoms or are a manifestation of negative symptoms. Method We compared social function scores on the Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report between 56 young people (aged 13–27 years) at clinical high risk for psychosis and 22 healthy controls. The cases were also assessed for depressive and ‘prodromal’ symptoms (subthreshold positive, negative, disorganized and general symptoms). Results Poor social function was related to both depressive and negative symptoms, as well as to disorganized and general symptoms. The symptoms were highly intercorrelated but linear regression analysis demonstrated that poor social function was primarily explained by negative symptoms within this cohort, particularly in ethnic minority patients. Conclusions Although this study demonstrated a relationship between social dysfunction and depressive symptoms in clinical high-risk cases, this association was primarily explained by the relationship of each of these to negative symptoms. In individuals at heightened risk for psychosis, affective changes may be related to a progressive decrease in social interaction and loss of reinforcement of social behaviors. These findings have relevance for potential treatment strategies for social dysfunction in schizophrenia and its risk states and predict that antidepressant drugs, cognitive behavioral therapy and/or social skills training may be effective.
A wideband coupler with wide suppression band using coupled stub

Planar microstrip branch line couplers are simple but have narrow bandwidth and are unable to reject out-of-band signals adequately. This paper proposes a new feeding network for branch line couplers, using this feeding network the bandwidth of the coupler has a five-fold increase in bandwidth and with bandpass characteristics. The flat response is obtained by impedance matching from the feeding network, which also rejects the second harmonic. This is the result of the open-circuit termination while the third harmonic is rejected by the short-circuit termination due to the coupled stubs. The proposed circuit was built for verification purposes and measured results agree well with simulation.
Interaction between Normative Systems and Cognitive agents in Temporal Modal Defeasible Logic

While some recent frameworks on cognitive agents addressed the combination of mental attitudes with deontic concepts, they commonly ignore the representation of time. An exception is [1]that manages also some temporal aspects both with respect to cognition and normative provisions. We propose in this paper an extension of the logic presented in [1]with temporal intervals.