Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimization‐based adaptive control for MIMO nonlinear systems: A data‐driven method

This article concentrates on the challenging adaptive tracking problem of multi‐input and multi‐output (MIMO) nonlinear systems with unknown nonlinear dynamics, for which a novel optimization‐based data‐driven adaptive control (ODDAC) equipped with an extended dynamic linearization method is developed. Through considering MIMO nonlinear systems in the fully‐actuated case and over‐actuated case separately, the ODDAC is proposed consisting of a parameter updating algorithm and an adaptive control law. A new design of parameter updating algorithm is presented such that the estimation can be guaranteed to be bounded by a strict contraction process. By leveraging properties of the nonnegative matrix, a grouping‐based contraction mapping (GCM) analysis method is proposed for the convergence of tracking error. Notably, the GCM does not require the contraction mapping condition to hold at all time instants. The proposed ODDAC is data‐based, avoiding reliance on model information, and its validity is verified through simulations.
PEMBUATAN APLIKASI POINT OF SALES BERBASIS IPHONE OPERATING SYSTEM UNTUK UD. SINAR MAS

UD. Sinar Mas is a distribution company selling chemicals. UD. Sinar Mas records transactions using methods that are still manual or traditional. Where is the transaction method at UD. Sinar Mas also has several kinds of transaction systems such as receivables, debts, and there is also a barter sales of jerry cans, customers bring their own drums, or leave the drums with UD. Sinar Mas. The recording method in UD transactions. Sinar Mas, namely recording supplier names, recording customer names, sales transaction dates, purchase transaction dates, maturity dates. Because many transaction systems are recorded, it causes user errors such as missing notes, viewing the due date as well as errors in recording the due date when to collect debts, then how much customer debt remains, whether the goods have been sent by the customer or not, wrong mention of the price to a particular customer , an incorrect calculation of the amount sent is sometimes too less or too much, where the most fatal is the incorrect mention of the price to the customer because there are several customers whose prices are differentiated because of certain cases such as customers who have subscribed for a long time and also the remaining stock counting system which is still manual using approximate method so that it cannot produce a definite stock. The method that will be used for solving the problem is by creating an IOS-based application to help record transactions in UD. Sinar Mas. The result of this application is in the form of a cashier application that can record expenses, income and others. The purpose of this research is to help UD companies. Sinar Mas to record transactions more easily. From this problem, the author's solution is to design and design an iOS-based POS application. The POS application is made on the iOS platform because the owner of UD. Sinar Mas uses iOS as the main device. To save the data will be stored in SQL. The test is carried out using the UMUX method. The results of the test can be concluded that the resulting score is quite good. However, in the application test, there were a few obstacles, such as users experiencing confusion when pressing buttons and so on. Apart from that it runs pretty smoothly. The features that have been implemented have met the needs of the user.
Development of environmental and oceanographic real-time assessment system for the near-shore environment

Development of Environmental and Oceanographic Real-time Assessment System for the Near-shore Environment. (May 2005) Temitope O. Ojo, B.Sc., University of Ife; M.Eng., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. James S. Bonner The coupling of real-time measurements and numerical models will be important in overcoming the challenges in environmental and oceanographic assessments in surface waters. Continuous monitoring will take advantage of current state-of-the-art in sensor development, remote sensing technology. The numerical modeling tools available exist in many different forms and varying levels of complexity from depth integrated one-dimensional (1-D) models to full three-dimensional (3-D) models. Common to all are the constraints and forcing required in driving the models. These include hydrodynamic and barometric information, which are relatively difficult to obtain given the time scale of the bio-chemical and physical processes governing the fate and transport of the constituents of interest. This study is focused on the development of a framework that couples real-time measurements and numerical simulation for tracking constituents in surface waters. The parameterization of the mixing and turbulent diffusion impacts the formulation of the constituent-transport governing equations to the extent that the numerical model is
Event-Triggered Practical Formation Control of Leaderless Unmanned Surface Vehicles With Environmental Disturbances

This brief designs the practical formation for leaderless unmanned surface vehicles with environmental disturbances. An undirected graph abstracts the communication network. By virtue of event-triggered mechanism, a novel control protocol is constructed to reduce control updates and save energy resources, whose feasibility is guaranteed by excluding the Zeno behavior. Based on algebraic graph theory and orthogonal decomposition method, the concerned formation problem is tackled by performing input-to-state stability analysis onto certain resultant subsystem such that formation errors are ultimately restricted within a bounded neighborhood of origin. The holistic formation movement is described by the explicitly characterized formation reference function. A numerical simulation is conducted to verify the derived results.
Remediation Approaches to Reduce Hydrocarbon Contamination in Petroleum-Polluted Soil

Heavy metals pollution associated with oil spills has become a major concern worldwide. It is essential to break down these contaminants in the environment. In the environment, microbes have been used to detoxify and transform hazardous components. The process can function naturally or can be enhanced by adding nutrients, electron acceptors, or other factors. This study investigates some factors affecting hydrocarbon remediation technologies/approaches. Combinations of biological, chemical, and eco-toxicological techniques are used for this process while monitoring the efficacy of bacterial products and nutrient amendments to stimulate the biotransformation of contaminated soil. Different hydrocarbon removal levels were observed with bacterial augmentation (Beta proteobacterium and Rhodococcus ruber), exhibiting a total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) reduction of 61%, which was further improved to a 73% reduction using bacterial augmentation combined with nutrient amendment (nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus). A heavy metal analysis of the polluted soils showed that the combination of nutrient and bacterial augmentation resulted in a significant reduction (p-value < 0.05) in lead, zinc, and barium. Toxicity testing also showed that a reduction of up to 50% was achieved using these remediation approaches.
Linearized augmented plane wave electronic structure calculations for MgO and CaO

We present full-potential self-consistent linearized augmented plane wave (LAPW) calculations for the electronic structure and total energy of MgO and CaO, within the local density approximation. Calculated equilibrium properties are in good agreement with experiment. We also consider the transition from the low-pressure sodium chloride (B1) structure to the high-pressure cesium chloride (B2) structure for MgO and CaO and the transition to the NiAs (B8) structures for MgO. In calcium oxide we find that the B1-B2 transition occurs at 54 GPa, in agreement with the experiment. In magnesium oxide a transition from B1 to B2 is found at 510 GPa. This is a factor of 2 lower than found by a previous pseudopotential calculation. We find no transition to the B8 structure at any pressure. The calculated charge densities of MgO and CaO are very close to the charge densities calculated from the overlap of spherical ions used in the potential induced breathing (PIB) model at zero pressure. More significant deviations from overlapping ions are found at extreme pressures. Near equilibrium, the error in the PIB model (compared to the LAPW calculation) is of the same order as the error in the LAPW calculation (compared to the experiment).
Study on Near-Surface Water Content Measurement by Ground-Penetrating Radar

For the sake of verifying adequately the feasibility of GPR method in the use of measuring near surface water content,based on GPR reflected wave method,according to the relations of dielectric constant,electromagnetic wave velocity and volumetric water content,the corresponding theory and characteristic of GPR reflected wave method was analyzed in detail.A velocity analysis algorithm that applied to high frequency radar signal was introduced,and a local aquifer model was established.The Finite-Difference Time-Domain(FDTD) method was used to model the GPR response of the local aquifer under different measurement acquisitions.On the combination of the velocity analysis theory and the Topp formula,the water content were obtained by inverse modeling.
Hybrid additive manufacturing of ultra-fine high-resolution shell–core structured conductive mesh-based flexible transparent electrodes for flexible displays

ABSTRACT Metal mesh transparent electrodes present a promising alternative to Indium-Tin Oxide (ITO) due to their adjustable period and favourable trade-off between transmittance and conductivity. In this work, a template-free, non-high temperature hybrid additive manufacturing approach of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/Cu core–shell structure high-resolution metal mesh flexible transparent electrode (FTE) is proposed. The electric field-driven (EFD) 3D printing method was employed to print ultra-fine lines with widths as low as 1 μm. The composite-plating process combining electroless plating and electroplating has solved the structural defects of single deposition process. The prepared FTE has an excellent conductivity down to 1 Ω/sq and 89% light transmission (at 550 nm). Its exceptional mechanical properties and environmental stability make it suitable for diverse working environments. Even after undergoing 2000 bends at a radius of 3 mm, the resistance change rate remains as low as 1.4%. The resistance exhibits an approximately 8% change rate in the acid–base environment experiments conducted over 72 h. The flexible touch screen prepared with this FTE exhibits excellent writing performance in both flat and curved working scenarios. Furthermore, the significant potential of this FTE in the field of optoelectronics is effectively demonstrated through its exceptional luminescent performance in electroluminescent devices.
Recent Advances in In Vivo Somatic Cell Gene Modification in Newborn Pups

Germline manipulation at the zygote stage using the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been extensively employed for creating genetically modified animals and maintaining established lines. However, this approach requires a long and laborious task. Recently, many researchers have attempted to overcome these limitations by generating somatic mutations in the adult stage through tail vein injection or local administration of CRISPR reagents, as a new strategy called “in vivo somatic cell genome editing”. This approach does not require manipulation of early embryos or strain maintenance, and it can test the results of genome editing in a short period. The newborn is an ideal stage to perform in vivo somatic cell genome editing because it is immune-privileged, easily accessible, and only a small amount of CRISPR reagents is required to achieve somatic cell genome editing throughout the entire body, owing to its small size. In this review, we summarize in vivo genome engineering strategies that have been successfully demonstrated in newborns. We also report successful in vivo genome editing through the neonatal introduction of genome editing reagents into various sites in newborns (as exemplified by intravenous injection via the facial vein), which will be helpful for creating models for genetic diseases or treating many genetic diseases.
The master equation for passive modelocking

Passive modelocking (PML) of lasers is pivotal in modern science and industry. Here, solving a half-century-long challenge, we present the first master equation (ME) describing PML on all time scales, from Q-switched to fundamental and harmonic modelocking, valid for both slow and fast saturable absorption, short and long cavities. The proposed ME should become the workhorse for analytical and numerical studies of ultrafast lasers in both the photonics engineering and laser physics communities.
Structural Segmentation and Labelling of Tabla Solo Performances

Tabla is a North Indian percussion instrument that serves as both an accompaniment and a captivating solo instrument. Tabla solo is intricate and elaborate, exhibiting rhythmic evolution through a sequence of homogeneous sections marked by shared rhythmic characteristics. Each section has a specific structure and name associated with it. Tabla learning and performance in the Indian subcontinent is based on stylistic schools called gharānās. Several compositions by various composers from different gharānās are played in each section. This paper addresses the task of segmenting the tabla solo concert into musically meaningful sections. We then assign suitable section labels and recognise gharānās from the sections. We have curated a diverse collection of more than 38 hours of solo tabla recordings for the task. We motivate the problem and present different challenges and facets of the tasks. Inspired by the distinct musical properties of tabla solo, we compute several rhythmic and timbral features for the segmentation task. This work explores the approach of automatically locating the significant changes in the rhythmic structure by analysing local self-similarity in an unsupervised manner. We also explore the supervised random forest and a convolutional neural network trained on hand-crafted features. Both supervised and unsupervised approaches are also tested on a set of held-out recordings. Segmentation of an audio piece into its structural components and labelling is crucial to many music information retrieval applications like repetitive structure finding, audio summarisation, and fast music navigation. This work enables a comprehensive musical understanding and description of tabla solo concerts.
Landscape-Scale Long-Term Drought Prevalence Mapping for Small Municipalities Adaptation, the Czech Republic Case Study

Drought is a phenomenon that is strengthening with the progress of climate change. Many fields of human activities such as agriculture, forestry, ecology, economy, water supply, or energy production are affected. Municipalities are one of the most important actors, because final adaptation often takes place at this level. However, planning measures is challenging for small municipalities, with adaptation capacity being lower than in big cities. A model working with data from the Global Change research Institute CzechGlobe and the Czech national drought monitor Intersucho allows for information to be obtained at the landscape scale about drought, and their utilization for small municipalities is introduced. In addition to detailed maps for the years 1991–2014, the model enables long-term prediction of drought prevalence for the years 2021–2040 and 2041–2060. GIS-integrated Random Forest regression and twelve climate, topography, and land use/land cover variables were involved in the model construction. The tuned model could explain 70% of reference data variability, and was used for drought prevalence mapping in 20 m spatial detail. Utilisation of overlay and visualisation tools and consultation of actual spatial planning maps helped create maps for spatial decision-making support in precautionary measure and landscape management within the municipalities.
Optic Neuritis following Second Administration of COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report

A 28-year-old woman presented to eye casualty with signs and symptoms suggestive of optic neuritis following a recent COVID-19 vaccination (the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine). The best corrected visual acuity was 6/15 in the right eye and 6/6 in the left eye with a relative afferent pupillary defect in the right eye. Following examination and investigation, she was found to fit the McDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis and was commenced on disease-modifying therapy. Demyelinating events have been identified to occur following COVID-19 vaccinations. In this case, we have found that the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine could have contributed to the development of optic neuritis following a second dose of the vaccine.
Integrating Enhanced Grace Terrestrial Water Storage Data Into the U.S. and North American Drought Monitors

NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites measure time variations of the Earth's gravity field enabling reliable detection of spatio-temporal variations in total terrestrial water storage (TWS), including groundwater. The U.S. and North American Drought Monitors are two of the premier drought monitoring products available to decision-makers for assessing and minimizing drought impacts, but they rely heavily on precipitation indices and do not currently incorporate systematic observations of deep soil moisture and groundwater storage conditions. Thus GRACE has great potential to improve the Drought Monitors by filling this observational gap. Horizontal, vertical and temporal disaggregation of the coarse-resolution GRACE TWS data has been accomplished by assimilating GRACE TWS anomalies into the Catchment Land Surface Model using an ensemble Kalman smoother. The Drought Monitors combine several short-term and long-term drought indices and indicators expressed in percentiles as a reference to their historical frequency of occurrence for the location and time of year in question. To be consistent, we are in the process of generating a climatology of estimated soil moisture and ground water based on a 60-year Catchment model simulation which will subsequently be used to convert seven years of GRACE assimilated fields into soil moisture and groundwater percentiles, for systematic incorporation into the objective blends that constitute Drought Monitor baselines. At this stage we provide a preliminary evaluation of GRACE assimilated Catchment model output against independent datasets including soil moisture observations from Aqua AMSR-E and groundwater level observations from the U.S. Geological Survey's Groundwater Climate Response Network.
A photochemical kinetics mechanism for urban and regional scale computer modeling

A new chemical kinetics mechanism for simulating urban and regional photochemistry has been developed and evaluated. The mechanism, called the Carbon Bond Mechanism IV (CBM-IV), was derived by condensing a detailed mechanism that included the most recent kinetic, mechanistic, and photolytic information. The CBM-IV contains extensive improvements to earlier carbon bond mechanisms in the chemical representations of aromatics, biogenic hydrocarbons, peroxyacetyl nitrates, and formaldehyde. The performance of the CBM-IV was evaluated against data from 170 experiments conducted in three different smog chambers. These experiments included NOx-air irradiations of individual organic compounds as well as a number of simple and complex organic mixtures. The results of the evaluation indicate substantial improvement in the ability of the CBM-IV to simulate aromatic and isoprene systems with average overcalculation of ozone concentrations of 1% for the aromatic simulations and 6% for the isoprene simulations. The mechanism also performed well in simulating organic mixture experiments. Maximum ozone concentrations calculated for 68 of these experiments were approximately 2% greater than the observed values while formaldehyde values were low by 9%.
Exploring the Relationship between the Structural Characteristics and Mechanical Behavior of Multicomponent Fe-Containing Phases: Experimental Studies and First-Principles Calculations

A comprehensive understanding of the structural characteristics and mechanical behavior of Fe-containing phases is important for high-Fe-level Al-Si alloys. In this paper, the crystal characteristics, thermal stability, thermophysical properties and mechanical behavior of multicomponent α-AlFeMnSi and α-AlFeMnCrSi phases are investigated by experimental studies and first-principles calculations. The results indicate that it is easier for Fe and Cr to substitute the Mn-12j site in α-AlMnSi in thermodynamics; Cr is preferred to Fe for substituting Mn-12j/k sites due to its lower formation enthalpy after single substitutions at Mn atom sites. The α-AlFeMnCrSi phase shows higher thermal stability, modulus and intrinsic hardness and a lower volumetric thermal expansion coefficient at different temperatures due to the strong chemical bonding of Si-Fe and Si-Cr. Moreover, the α-AlFeMnCrSi phase has a higher ideal strength (10.65 GPa) and lower stacking fault energy (1.10 × 103 mJ/m2). The stacking fault energy evolution of the different Fe-containing phases is mainly attributed to the differential charge-density redistribution. The strong chemical bonds of Si-Fe, Si-Mn and Si-Cr are important factors affecting the thermophysical and mechanical behaviors of the α-AlFeMnCrSi phase.
Genetically Encoded Biosensors for the Fluorescence Detection of O2 and Reactive O2 Species

The intracellular concentrations of oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living cells represent critical information for investigating physiological and pathological conditions. Real-time measurement often relies on genetically encoded proteins that are responsive to fluctuations in either oxygen or ROS concentrations. The direct binding or chemical reactions that occur in their presence either directly alter the fluorescence properties of the binding protein or alter the fluorescence properties of fusion partners, mostly consisting of variants of the green fluorescent protein. Oxygen sensing takes advantage of several mechanisms, including (i) the oxygen-dependent hydroxylation of a domain of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1, which, in turn, promotes its cellular degradation along with fluorescent fusion partners; (ii) the naturally oxygen-dependent maturation of the fluorophore of green fluorescent protein variants; and (iii) direct oxygen binding by proteins, including heme proteins, expressed in fusion with fluorescent partners, resulting in changes in fluorescence due to conformational alterations or fluorescence resonance energy transfer. ROS encompass a group of highly reactive chemicals that can interconvert through various chemical reactions within biological systems, posing challenges for their selective detection through genetically encoded sensors. However, their general reactivity, and particularly that of the relatively stable oxygen peroxide, can be exploited for ROS sensing through different mechanisms, including (i) the ROS-induced formation of disulfide bonds in engineered fluorescent proteins or fusion partners of fluorescent proteins, ultimately leading to fluorescence changes; and (ii) conformational changes of naturally occurring ROS-sensing domains, affecting the fluorescence properties of fusion partners. In this review, we will offer an overview of these genetically encoded biosensors.