Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Underwater Image Restoration Using UICCS Method in Matlab

Due to absorption and scattering of underwater the images obtained suffers an information loss. The study of underwater is very important to find the unfound many algorithms have been derived to enhance an underwater image but no method gives a clear vision of human eye. Many methods found suffers a disadvantage that the clarity reduces as the depth of the water increases this is due to the fading of colours in underwater. To solve this problem, we get into a non-reference underwater image enhancement method the UICCS method. The three main attributes of an image are its colour contrast and sharpness. In this method we modify the attributes of the image step by step to attain a clear image. The results of this experiment demonstrate clearly that this method produces an output image with a high information the measures are applied to underwater images to show their importance in practical application. This project solves this problem my a simple and easy methodology with changing the three main attributes of an image thus enhancing the information of the image.
The Importance of Place and the Substitutability of River Recreation Resources: Empirical Evidence from the Chattooga Wild & Scenic River

For managers seeking to allocate recreation opportunities across the landscape, the importance of specific places in relation to their substitutability for recreation purposes is an important consideration. The purpose of this research was to examine the empirical relationship between place attachment and resource substitutability. It is hypothesized that increased place attachment decreases resource substitutability. Data were collected from trout anglers and whitewater boaters who used the Chattooga National Wild & Scenic River in 2000. Results supported the hypothesized relationship. Negative and significant correlations were found between the place attachment variables and measures of substitutability. Associations were found to be strongest between place dependence and the resource substitutability, especially the number of substitutes for both user groups. The more attached these recreationists were to the Chattooga, the fewer substitutes they had and those alternatives were considered of lower quality. Implications for regional carrying capacity assessment are discussed.
Disseminated Histoplasmosis Infection Diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing: A Case Report

Abstract Histoplasmosis is an endemic disease caused by Histoplasma capsulatum. This systemic disease can affect various organs beyond the lungs, such as the liver, spleen, adrenal gland, and lymph nodes. The clinical symptoms can range from asymptomatic to severe, life-threatening conditions, depending on the state of the patient’s immune system. This report describes a 40-year-old male who presented with reports of weight loss, low back pain, and progressively worsening movement disorder of the bilateral lower extremities for months. Computed tomography (CT) examination showed multiple lytic lesions of vertebral bodies, bilateral ribs, and pelvic bone, histopathological examination and tumor-related serum markers exclude tumors. mNGS was employed to identify H. capsulatum var. capsulatum as the etiological agent of the lesions in the bone biopsy. Through phylogenetic tree analysis, Histoplasma capsulatum var. Capsulatum (Hcc) was the main responsible pathogen, rarely reported in bone lesions. The patient underwent spinal surgery and was successfully treated with liposomal amphotericin B and itraconazole. Based on the diagnosis and treatment of this case, we discuss the epidemiologic status, clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria, and treatment guidelines of histoplasmosis to provide additional information about this disease. mNGS is utilized in this case, and it appears to be a reliable method for early and accurate diagnosis of this disease.
Defective Biomechanics and Pharmacological Rescue of Human Cardiomyocytes with Filamin C Truncations

Actin-binding filamin C (FLNC) is expressed in cardiomyocytes, where it localizes to Z-discs, sarcolemma, and intercalated discs. Although FLNC truncation variants (FLNCtv) are an established cause of arrhythmias and heart failure, changes in biomechanical properties of cardiomyocytes are mostly unknown. Thus, we investigated the mechanical properties of human-induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) carrying FLNCtv. CRISPR/Cas9 genome-edited homozygous FLNCKO−/− hiPSC-CMs and heterozygous knock-out FLNCKO+/− hiPSC-CMs were analyzed and compared to wild-type FLNC (FLNCWT) hiPSC-CMs. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to perform micro-indentation to evaluate passive and dynamic mechanical properties. A qualitative analysis of the beating traces showed gene dosage-dependent-manner “irregular” peak profiles in FLNCKO+/− and FLNCKO−/− hiPSC-CMs. Two Young’s moduli were calculated: E1, reflecting the compression of the plasma membrane and actin cortex, and E2, including the whole cell with a cytoskeleton and nucleus. Both E1 and E2 showed decreased stiffness in mutant FLNCKO+/− and FLNCKO−/− iPSC-CMs compared to that in FLNCWT. The cell adhesion force and work of adhesion were assessed using the retraction curve of the SCFS. Mutant FLNC iPSC-CMs showed gene dosage-dependent decreases in the work of adhesion and adhesion forces from the heterozygous FLNCKO+/− to the FLNCKO−/− model compared to FLNCWT, suggesting damaged cytoskeleton and membrane structures. Finally, we investigated the effect of crenolanib on the mechanical properties of hiPSC-CMs. Crenolanib is an inhibitor of the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor α (PDGFRA) pathway which is upregulated in FLNCtv hiPSC-CMs. Crenolanib was able to partially rescue the stiffness of FLNCKO−/− hiPSC-CMs compared to control, supporting its potential therapeutic role.
Spatiotemporal snowmelt patterns within a high Arctic landscape, with implications for flora and fauna

ABSTRACT Snow conditions are important drivers of the distribution and phenology of Arctic flora and fauna, but the extent and effects of local variation in snowmelt are still inadequately studied. We analyze snowmelt patterns within the Zackenberg valley in northeast Greenland. Drawing on landscape-level snowmelt dates and meteorological data from a central climate station, we model snowmelt trends during 1998–2014. We then use time-lapse photographs to examine consistency in spatiotemporal snowmelt patterns during 2006–2014. Finally, we use monitoring data on arthropods and plants for 1998–2014 to investigate how snowmelt date affects the phenology of Arctic organisms. Despite large interannual variation in snowmelt timing, we find consistency in the relative order of snowmelt among sites within the landscape. With a slight overall advancement in snowmelt during the study period, early melting locations have advanced more than late-melting ones. Individual organism groups differ greatly in how their phenology shifts with snowmelt, with much variance attributable to variation in life history and diet. Overall, we note that local variation in snowmelt patterns may drive important ecological processes, and that more attention should be paid to variability within landscapes. Areas optimal for a given taxon vary between years, thereby creating spatial structure in a seemingly uniform landscape.
Identifying the Strategies That Promote an Immersive Online Learning Environment for Population Health Management Graduate Students

Contemporary teaching and learning strategies are paramount. With an increased use of advanced digital technology, online learning is dependent on effective teaching and learning strategies. However, it is fundamentally dependent on knowledge transfer that is diverse, engaging, and meets the learning needs of the student learner. The project aimed to identify the strategies that promote an immersive online learning environment using the process evaluation method to evaluate student engagement and interaction through virtual critical discussions. This was a retrospective process evaluation to identify the strategies that promote an immersive online learning environment for Population Health Management graduate students. An adapted four-dimensional framework for evaluating immersive learning experiences guided this process evaluation. The findings from this process evaluation highlighted two main themes. Thought-provoking questions and evidence-based online learning were fundamental components for promoting an immersive online learning environment. Critical discussions promoted the expansion of peer learning. However, online discussion forum engagement is dependent on graduate students’ active participation in the teaching and learning process and continuous student feedback can inform improvements to teaching and learning strategies in the future.
The relative density of bone types in laying hens.

Bone breakages caused by osteoporosis in laying hens remain commonplace. Studies of this disease are complicated by the presence of medullary bone (MB), a bone type deposited during lay to provide calcium for eggshell formation. In vivo technologies such as Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT), Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and Quantitative Ultrasound (QS) could be used to assess laying hen bone but it may be difficult to separate MB and structural bone. In 12 end-of-lay hens, we measured structural (cortical) bone density (CBD) and medullary bone density (MBD) in 250micron x-ray slices prepared post-mortem on a diamond saw with a hydroxyapatite (HA) step-wedge as a reference standard. These measurements were made alongside bone breaking strength (BStr), whole bone radiographic density (RD) and histological measures of the volume fractions of bone types. Measurements of plasma total calcium (Ca) were also made. Results revealed significant correlations between tibia BStr and MB volume fraction (r =0.83, P =0.004), tibia BStr and whole tibia RD (r =0.81, P =0.006), tibia BStr and plasma Ca (r =-0.71, P =0.03), humerus BStr and whole humerus RD (r =0.91, P <0.001), MB volume fraction and whole tibia RD (r =0.79, P<0.01) and whole tibia and humerus RD values (r =0.69, P =0.04). Mean values for CBD and MBD densities (when expressed per unit total tissue) were significantly different (CBD = 1.09±0.01 mg HA/mm total tissue, MBD = 0.38±0.06 mg HA/mm total tissue, paired t-test, P <0.001). When corrections were made for volume fractions of bone types, MBD approached CBD levels in some hens (especially when volume fraction of MB exceeded 50%) but mean MBD remained significantly lower than CBD (CBD = 1.27±0.02 mg HA/mm bone, MBD = 1.12±0.07 mg HA/mm bone, paired t, P = 0.02). These results suggest that it should be possible to separate densities derived from in vivo measurements made in QCT slices into structural and MB contributions respectively. Difficulties may be encountered only when MB volume fractions are very large. However, the above correlations suggest that this may only increase overall bone strength in any case; as long as there is adequate MB surface area to allow mobilisation of calcium for eggshell formation, larger amounts of MB on endocortical surfaces may protect structural bone and may actually be beneficial for bone strength in ageing hens.
Evolución neogena de la cuenca del Guadalquivir

La cuenca del guadalquivir se formo como una cuenca periferica al norte del orogeno betico durante el neogeno. Constituye una cuenca de antepais situada entre el frente de la cadena betica (borde activo) y la meseta iberica (borde pasivo). La evolucion de esta cuenca se desarrollo de forma simultanea a la evolucion de la cadena y acontecio entre el mioceno medio y el plioceno. El borde sur de la cuenca, constituido por una gran cuna tectonica, se fue desplazando hacia el norte y oeste, del mismo modo que lo hizo la linea de costas sobre los bordes. El relleno sedimentario de la cuenca ha sido ordenado en seis secuencias deposicionales separadas por sus limites estratigraficos, siendo cada vez mas modernas hacia el oeste.
An efficient and flexible approach for multiple vehicle tracking in the aerial video sequence

ABSTRACT Multiple vehicle tracking (MVT) in the aerial video sequence can provide useful information for the applications such as traffic flow analysis. It is challenging due to the high requirement for the tracking efficiency and variable number of the vehicles. Furthermore, it is particularly challenging if the vehicles are occluded by the shadow of the trees, buildings, and large vehicles. In this article, an efficient and flexible MVT approach in the aerial video sequence is put forward. First, as the pre-step to approach the MVT problem, the superpixel segmentation-based multiple vehicle detection (MVD) is achieved by combining the two-frame difference and superpixel segmentation. The two-frame difference is utilized to reduce the search space. By scanning the search space via the centre of the superpixels, the moving vehicles are detected efficiently. Then, the deterministic data association is proposed to tackle the MVT problem. To improve the tracking accuracy, we fuse multiple types of features to establish the cost function. With respect to the variable number of the vehicles, the tracker management is designed by establishing or deleting the trackers. Furthermore, for the occlusion handling, we focus on the accurate state estimation, and it is realized by the driver behaviour-based Kalman filter (DBKF) method. In the DBKF method, we take seriously into account the driver behaviour, including the speed limit and rear-end collision avoidance with the front vehicle. Both tracker management and occlusion handling make the MVT approach flexibly cope with varieties of traffic scenes. Finally, comprehensive experiments on the DARPA VIVID data set and KIT AIS data set demonstrate that the proposed MVT algorithm can generate satisfactory and superior results.
Omni-OTPE: Omnidirectional Optimal Real-Time Ground Target Position Estimation System for Moving Lightweight Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Ground target detection and positioning systems based on lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasing in value for aerial reconnaissance and surveillance. However, the current method for estimating the target’s position is limited by the field of view angle, rendering it challenging to fulfill the demands of a real-time omnidirectional reconnaissance operation. To address this issue, we propose an Omnidirectional Optimal Real-Time Ground Target Position Estimation System (Omni-OTPE) that utilizes a fisheye camera and LiDAR sensors. The object of interest is first identified in the fisheye image, and then, the image-based target position is obtained by solving using the fisheye projection model and the target center extraction algorithm based on the detected edge information. Next, the LiDAR’s real-time point cloud data are filtered based on position–direction constraints using the image-based target position information. This step allows for the determination of point cloud clusters that are relevant to the characterization of the target’s position information. Finally, the target positions obtained from the two methods are fused using an optimal Kalman fuser to obtain the optimal target position information. In order to evaluate the positioning accuracy, we designed a hardware and software setup, mounted on a lightweight UAV, and tested it in a real scenario. The experimental results validate that our method exhibits significant advantages over traditional methods and achieves a real-time high-performance ground target position estimation function.
A New Paradigm for Diagnosing Contributions to Model Aerosol Forcing Error

A new paradigm in benchmark absorption‐scattering radiative transfer is presented that enables both the globally averaged and spatially resolved testing of climate model radiation parameterizations in order to uncover persistent sources of biases in the aerosol instantaneous radiative effect (IRE). A proof of concept is demonstrated with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory AM4 and Community Earth System Model 1.2. 2 climate models. Instead of prescribing atmospheric conditions and aerosols, as in prior intercomparisons, native snapshots of the atmospheric state and aerosol optical properties from the participating models are used as inputs to an accurate radiation solver to uncover model‐relevant biases. These diagnostic results show that the models' aerosol IRE bias is of the same magnitude as the persistent range cited (~1 W/m2) and also varies spatially and with intrinsic aerosol optical properties. The findings underscore the significance of native model error analysis and its dispositive ability to diagnose global biases, confirming its fundamental value for the Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.
Plants production of agroforestry system in Ciliwung riparian landscape, Bogor Municipality

Settlement occupation in Ciliwung riparian zone along Bogor Municipality has reduced vegetation formations of agroforestry, such as kebun campuran (mixed gardens), talun (forest gardens), and pekarangan (home gardens). These processes have reduced plants production, one of riparian landscape services. The purpose of this paper is to know the plant production capacity of agroforestry land use, as a basis for arranging the management of agroforestry landscape in Ciliwung riparian, Bogor Municipality. The study used 14 sample plots (4 taluns, 5 mixed gardens, 5 pekarangans) with purposive sampling method, to plants production analysis of agroforestry land use. Furthermore, the calculation of Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) is conducted to know land productivity. The agroforestry system in Ciliwung riparian, Bogor Municipality has highly potential plant production. The talun has arrange area of 38.77 ha and the average plant production 49.20 Mg/ha, total plant production potency of 1907.48 Mg. The mixed garden has arrange area of 9.44 ha and the average plant production 65.41 Mg/ha, total plant production potency of 617.47 Mg. Meanwhile, the pekarangan has arrange area of 17.53 ha and the average plant production 48.77 Mg/ha, total potential plant production is 854.94 Mg. The talun and mixed garden have high productivity with LER of 1.40 and 1.81, respectively. Where as, the pekarangan has low productivity with LER of 0.96. Agroforestry practices are able to provide better plants production, so that to ensure the stability and sustainability of landowners’ income.
Inﬂuence of irrigation regimes and mycorrhizal inoculation on the performance of wheat in pot culture

In order to ﬁnd out the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and level of irrigation on wheat, an experiment was conducted in the net house of Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University during November 2018 to April 2019. The study included two levels of AMF inoculation (inoculated and non-inoculated) and three levels of irrigation ( viz . , no irrigation, one irrigation during CRI stage
Some key Lower Cretaceous sites in Drôme (SE France)

The study of the ammonite fauna in the L'Estellon section (Drôme department, SE France) allows us to date episodes with gravitational deposition in this area of the "Vocontian Trough". They span most of the Barremian Stage, from the Nicklesi Zone up to the Giraudi Zone. We did not identify any Bedoulian (lower Aptian) redeposits, the "Bedoulian ridge" auct. being latest Barremian in age. Modified from: BUSNARDO R. , GRANIER B. , CLAVEL B. & CHAROLLAIS J. (2013). Ammonitofaune du Barrémien de la coupe de L'Estellon (Baronnies, France) : Résultats biostratigraphiques préliminaires. Carnets Geol. , Madrid, vol. 13, no. A03 (CG2013_A03), p. 117-138. Citation: BUSNARDO R. , GRANIER B. , CLAVEL B. & CHAROLLAIS J. (2017). Barremian ammonite fauna from L'Estellon section (Baronnies, SE France): Preliminary biostratigraphic results. In: GRANIER B. (ed.), Some key Lower Cretaceous sites in Drôme (SE France). Carnets de Géologie, Madrid, CG2017_B01, ISBN 978-2-916733-13-5, p. 79-101.
Mini Review Informed Consent in Biomedical Research

Informed consent is the result of tumultuous events in both the clinical and research arenas over the last 100 years. Throughout this time,thenotion of informed consenthas shiftedtremendously, both due to advances in medicine, as well as the type of data being gathered. As such, informed consent has misaligned with the goals of medical research. It is becoming more and more vital to address this chasm, and begin building new frameworks to link thisdisconnect. Thus, we address three goals inthis paper. First, we discussthehistoryofinformed consentandunifythevaryingde ﬁ nitionsoftheterm.Second,weevaluatethecurrentresearchonthetopic,classify them into themes, and attend to the problems therein. Lastly, we employ these themes of informed consent research mentioned previously to provide guidance and insight for future research in the arena. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology.ThisisanopenaccessarticleundertheCCBY-NC-NDlicense(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Open source, heterogeneous, nonlinear optics simulation

: The spatio-temporal evolution of a laser field taking part in a nonlinear optical interaction can be challenging to simulate, yet forms the basis for many experiments in ultrafast optics. To allow better insight into these phenomena, a program for nonlinear optics simulations is described, which can run on multiple hardware platforms, and is performant and open source. It was designed to deal with a number of complex problems in light-matter interaction accurately and reproducibly. The open source code allows for extensive cross-checking of its results by other researchers and growth of its capabilities over time, as well as serving to make the simulations associated with ultrafast experiments more broadly reproducible.
Carboxymethylated and Sulfated Furcellaran from Furcellaria lumbricalis and Its Immobilization on PLA Scaffolds

This study involved the creation of highly porous PLA scaffolds through the porogen/leaching method, utilizing polyethylene glycol as a porogen with a 75% mass ratio. The outcome achieved a highly interconnected porous structure with a thickness of 25 μm. To activate the scaffold’s surface and improve its hydrophilicity, radiofrequency (RF) air plasma treatment was employed. Subsequently, furcellaran subjected to sulfation or carboxymethylation was deposited onto the RF plasma treated surfaces with the intention of improving bioactivity. Surface roughness and water wettability experienced enhancement following the surface modification. The incorporation of sulfate/carboxymethyl group (DS = 0.8; 0.3, respectively) is confirmed by elemental analysis and FT-IR. Successful functionalization of PLA scaffolds was validated by SEM and XPS analysis, showing changes in topography and increases in characteristic elements (N, S, Na) for sulfated (SF) and carboxymethylated (CMF). Cytocompatibility was evaluated by using mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH/3T3).