Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recent Progress on Fe/N/C Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Fuel Cells

In order to reduce the overall system cost, the development of inexpensive, high-performance and durable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)N, Fe-codoped carbon-based (Fe/N/C) electrocatalysts to replace currently used Pt-based catalysts has become one of the major topics in research on fuel cells. This review paper lays the emphasis on introducing the progress made over the recent five years with a detailed discussion of recent work in the area of Fe/N/C electrocatalysts for ORR and the possible Fe-based active sites. Fe-based materials prepared by simple pyrolysis of transition metal salt, carbon support, and nitrogen-rich small molecule or polymeric compound are mainly reviewed due to their low cost, high performance, long stability and because they are the most promising for replacing currently used Pt-based catalysts in the progress of fuel cell commercialization. Additionally, Fe-base catalysts with small amount of Fe or new structure of Fe/Fe3C encased in carbon layers are presented to analyze the effect of loading and existence form of Fe on the ORR catalytic activity in Fe-base catalyst. The proposed catalytically Fe-centered active sites and reaction mechanisms from various authors are also discussed in detail, which may be useful for the rational design of high-performance, inexpensive, and practical Fe-base ORR catalysts in future development of fuel cells.
Performance evaluation of MIMO system using LTE downlink physical layer

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is the transmission scheme adopted for downlink of the popular Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology. It is a multi-carrier technique which divides a large system bandwidth into multiple narrowband sub-carriers and treat the frequency selective fading as flat fading. LTE employ Multiple Input Multiple Output transmission in conjunction with OFDM (MIMO-OFDM) to improve the data rates and system performance. In this paper, the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) performance of MIMO system based on LTE specification, is evaluated using linear and non-linear receiver's decoder in ITU defined channel models with different modulations. The result are presented for Transmit Diversity (TD) scheme using different antenna configurations, and Spatial Multiplexing (SM) scheme using optimum performance configuration with the said receiver structure. The result shows the needs of equipping wireless system with multiple antennas for system Bit Error Rate (BER) and the overall system capacity. Significant improvement in BER is achieve with Sphere Decoding (SD) receiver as compared with Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) receiver and improved system capacity with the increase in the Base Station (BS) transmitting antennas.
Investigating the scaling behaviour of Internet flow arrivals

Teletraffic engineering is concerned with the design, planning and operation of computer networks such as the Internet. The Internet is a highly heterogeneous complex system, linking more than 120 million host computers across more than 100000 networks. It is architectured in a series of layers, each of which relies on the next lower layer to execute more primitive operations and to provide services to the layer above. The fundamental mechanism of data transmission in the Internet is the Internet Protocol (IP), which implements a simple datagram (packet) delivery service with no guarantee in terms of the arrival of packets at the destination, the order of delivery or the correctness of the delivered packet. This defines the packet level, whose simplicity has made the success of the Internet by allowing an interconnection of heterogeneous networks. The next higher layer is termed the transport layer and provides additional services beyond those provided by IP. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides a reliable in-order delivery service to the application layer. It also controls the flow of packets so as not to overload the receiving host, and reacts to network conditions. The top layer is the application layer. It contains a range of protocols such as Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) used for web browsing, or Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) for email. A group of packets with the same source and destination addresses, source and destination ports, and transport protocol, constitutes an Internet ‘flow’, and defines the flow or source level. A flow is considered terminated if no packet has arrived for 64 seconds. The scaling behaviour of data traffic was first noticed in the early nineties [5], and has since generated a vast amount of literature, for the following reasons. First, in terms of performance evaluation, a Long Range Dependent (LRD) behaviour of packet arrivals to a router (modelled as a queue) behaves differently
High Input Impedance VM-APSs with Grounded Passive Components and One Active Element

Four new circuit topologies, each with two variations thus realising eight new first-order voltage-mode all-pass sections are proposed. Each circuit employs one active element and three grounded passive components, ideal for IC implementation. All the circuits possess high input impedance, which is a desirable feature for voltage-mode circuits. The proposed circuits are verified through PSPICE simulation results.
Fast Matrix Computations for Pairwise and Columnwise Commute Times and Katz Scores

Abstract We explore methods for approximating the commute time and Katz score between a pair of nodes. These methods are based on the approach of matrices, moments, and quadrature developed in the numerical linear algebra community. They rely on the Lanczos process and provide upper and lower bounds on an estimate of the pairwise scores. We also explore methods to approximate the commute times and Katz scores from a node to all other nodes in the graph. Here, our approach for the commute times is based on a variation of the conjugate gradient algorithm, and it provides an estimate of all the diagonals of the inverse of a matrix. Our technique for the Katz scores is based on exploiting an empirical localization property of the Katz matrix. We adapt algorithms used for personalized PageRank computing to these Katz scores and theoretically show that this approach is convergent. We evaluate these methods on 17 real-world graphs ranging in size from 1000 to 1,000,000 nodes. Our results show that our pairwise commute-time method and columnwise Katz algorithm both have attractive theoretical properties and empirical performance.
Impact of Colored Text on 1337 (Leet) Speak Comprehension

One instructional (INS) slide and three masking (MSK) slides provided directions for 4 test slides that each contained 3 lists of 3 color words written in Leet. Masks attempted to reduce the possibility of short term memory recall when reading Leet speak. In Sequence 1 (n = 31), subjects were exposed to the standard series of slides shown below. In Sequence 2 (n = 18), slides 2 and 4 were swapped. The Impact of Colored Text on 1337 (Leet) Speak Comprehension Michael Schiel, Kaetlyn Graham, Allen Keniston, Blaine Peden Psychology Department University of Wisconsin Eau Claire
Markov network-based multiple classifier for face image retrieval

We propose a new face-recognition framework to learn the relationship between multiple classifiers using a Markov network. For each image, we make three face models based on different distances between two eye locations. The novelty of the proposed method lies in that the method not only compares the query and target images at the three different levels, but also takes into account the statistical dependency between the three different models. This dependency is captured by a Markov network, which we describe by a graphical model, where query models are observation nodes, target models are hidden nodes, and the network line represents their relationships. For each observation-hidden node pair, we collect a set of target candidates that are most similar to the observation, and the relationship between the hidden nodes is captured in terms of the similarity between target images. Posterior probabilities at the three hidden nodes of the Markov network are computed by a belief-propagation algorithm. We evaluate the proposed method using FRGC ver 2.0, XM2VTS, BANCA, and PIE databases, which demonstrates its superiority under the untrained variations.
Compressed Sensing for RF Signal Reconstruction in B-model Ultrasound Imaging

This paper proposed the a compressed sensing (CS)technique to ultrasound imaging and address the feasibility of compressive sensing theory for RF signal reconstruction in B-model medical ultrasound. with partial Fourier sampling, we compare different reconstruction algorithm to the simulation RF signal. reconstruction from 50% of the samples of original numerical cyst phantom show temperate information loss and feasibility of application CS in medical ultrasound.
Mining Medical Specialist Billing Patterns for Health Service Management

This paper presents an application of association rule mining in compliance in the context of health service management. There are approximately 500 million transactions processed by Medicare Australia each year. Among these transactions, there exist a small proportion of suspicious claims. This study applied association rule mining to examine billing patterns within a particular specialist group to detect these suspicious claims and potential fraudulent individuals. This work identified both positive and negative association rules from specialist billing records. All the rules identified were examined by a subject matter expert, a practicing clinician, to classify them into two groups, those representing compliant patterns and non-compliant patterns. The rules representing compliant patterns were then used to detect potentially fraudulent claims by examining whether claims are consistent with these rules. The individuals whose claims frequently break these rules are identified as potentially high risk. Due to the difficulty of direct assessment on high risk individuals, the relevance of this method to fraud detection is validated by analysis of the individual specialist's compliance history. The results clearly demonstrate that association rule mining is an effective method of identifying suspicious billing patterns by medical specialists and therefore is a valuable tool in fraud detection for health service management.
Alteration of amino acid 101 within capsid protein VP-1 changes the pathogenicity of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus

Chronic Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection of susceptible mice is an animal model for human demyelinating diseases. Previously we described an altered and diminished pattern of central nervous system disease in immunocompetent SJL/J mice infected with a variant virus. This variant virus H7A6-2 was selected with a neutralizing mAb recognizing the capsid protein VP-1 of Theiler's virus. Here we characterize the variant virus by ELISA and neutralization assays and by sequencing selected regions of the viral RNA genome and relate the alteration to disease. The variant virus contains one single point mutation within a neutralizing epitope of VP- 1. This nucleotide change lead to an amino acid replacement at amino acid 101 of VP-1, a threonine (wild type) to an isoleucine (variant). Model building based on sequence alignments and the known structure of the related Mengo virus indicates that the altered amino acid is located in an exposed loop on the surface of the virus at the periphery of a site that has been proposed to be the receptor binding site. The results of ELISA, neutralization assay, and direct RNA sequencing provide for the first time an opportunity to precisely map an important structural determinant of neurovirulence.
The Plant Growth-Promoting Potential of Root-Associated Bacteria from Plants Growing in Stressed Environments

Several studies have demonstrated the potential of plant growth-promoting bacteria, including their use as inoculants, in the contexts of both agriculture and enhanced phytoremediation. Despite their promise, there is still a need to characterize and identify plant growth-promoting bacteria amidst isolates cultured to date. Therefore the purpose of this study was to i) screen bacterial endophytes isolated from plants growing in both a chronically nutrient-deficient agricultural soil and a hydrocarbon-contaminated soil for plant growth-promoting potential in vitro and ii) assess the plant growth-promoting capabilities of isolates in vivo. Bacterial isolates belonging to genera common to both environments were screened for plant growth-promoting genotypes and phenotypes including ACC deaminase activity (acds), hydrocarbon degradation (alkB and CYP153), alkaline phosphatase activity (phoD), and nitrogen fixation (nifH). After screening, 28 isolates from 16 genera were subjected to further study in vivo. After using seed germination and root elongation screening in wheat (Trictum aestivum) and sweet clover (Melilotus alba), four isolates were selected for further study—A3 (Pseudomonas sp.) and A9 (Delftia sp.) in sweet clover and A12 (Kluyvera sp.) and B34 (Luteimonas sp.) in wheat—as they promoted early plant growth and development. Plant growth-promoting capabilities were then assessed by inoculating wheat and sweet clover seeds and growing plants in a growth chamber for 60 days in either a marginal agricultural soil or the same soil amended with diesel. Isolates A12 (Kluyvera sp.) and B34 (Luteimonas sp.) increased the acquisition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) by plants when growing in the marginal agricultural soil. However, plant growth-promoting effects were lost when diesel fuel was added. Further, no effect was observed in sweet clover in either soil condition. Initial screening for plant growth-promoting potential highlighted the importance of including functionality screening as the presence or absence of a plant growth-promoting genotype did not always indicate a positive phenotype. Further, this work exemplified the importance of in vivo screening assays to identify potential plant growth-promoting bacteria. Finally, results showed bacteria with plant growth-promotion potential can be isolated from stressed environments and may promote wheat growth in a marginal agricultural soil.
Assessment of software maintenance capability: A model and its architecture

Maintaining and supporting the software of an organization is not an easy task, and software maintenance managers do not currently have access to tools to evaluate strategies for improving the specific activities of software maintenance. This article presents the new architecture (version 2.0) of the software maintenance capability maturity model (SM). The contributions of this paper are: 1) to present a categorization of the software maintenance processes using a representation similar to that in ISO12207; and 2) present the new architecture of the model, which highlights the unique processes of the maintainers.
2 6 Fe b 20 09 Sparse Approximate Solution of Partial Differential Equations ∗

A new concept is introduced for the adaptive finite element discretization of partial differential equations that have a sparsely representable solution. Motivated by recent work on compressed sensing, a recursive mesh refinement procedure is presented that uses linear programming to find a good approximation to the sparse solution on a given refinement level. Then only those parts of the mesh are refined that belong to large expansion coefficients. Error estimates for this procedure are refined and the behavior of the procedure is demonstrated via some simple elliptic model problems.
Gamma Codes: A low-overhead linear-complexity network coding solution

We introduce a family of sparse random linear network codes with outer-code. Due to the bold role of the incomplete gamma function in their design, we call these codes “Gamma codes”. We show that Gamma codes outperform all the existing linear-complexity network coding solutions in terms of reception overhead, while keeping the encoding and decoding complexity linear in the block length.
REMAINING LIFE ASSESSMENT OF STEAM TURBINE AND HOT GAS EXPANDER COMPONENTS

Materials Engineering, with Elliott Company, in Jeannette, Pennsylvania, and has 34 years of experience in the turbomachinery industry. He is responsible for the metallurgical and welding engineering for the various Elliott product lines within the company. He is the author/coauthor of a number of technical articles related to topics such as abradable seals, high temperature corrosion, fracture mechanics, and welding/brazing of impellers. Mr. Dowson graduated from Newcastle Polytechnic in Metallurgy and did his postgraduate work (M.S. degree) in Welding Engineering. He is a member of ASM, ASTM, and TWI.
D-branes in curved space

Michael R. DouglasDepartment of Physics and AstronomyRutgers UniversityPiscataway, NJ 08855–0849mrd@physics.rutgers. eduWe obtain actions for N D-branes occupying points in a manifold with arbitrary Kahlermetric. In one complex dimension, the action is uniquely determined (up to second orderin commutators) by the requirement that it reproduce the masses of stretched strings andby imposing supersymmetry. These conditions are very restrictive in higher dimensions aswell. The results provide a noncommutative extension of Kahler geometry.March 1997
Research Note - Towards Dynamic Visualization for Understanding Evolution of Digital Communication Networks

The capabilities offered by digital communication are leading to the evolution of new network structures that are grounded in communication patterns. As these structures are significant for organizations, much research has been devoted to understanding network dynamics in ongoing processes of electronic communication. A valuable method for this objective is Social Network Analysis. However, its current focus on quantifying and interpreting aggregated static relationship structures suffers from some limitations for the domain of analyzing online communication with high volatility and massive exchange of timed messages. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents a method for event-based dynamic network visualization and analysis together with its exploratory social network intelligence software Commetrix. Based on longitudinal data of corporate email communication, the paper demonstrates how exploration of animated graphs combined with measuring temporal network changes identifies measurement artifacts of static network analysis, describes community formation processes and network lifecycles, bridges actor level with network level analysis by analyzing the structural impact of actor activities, and measures how network structures react to external events. The methods and findings improve our understanding of dynamic phenomena in online communication and motivate novel metrics that complement Social Network Analysis.
Biology and Biotechnology of Follicle Development

Growth and development of ovarian follicles require a series of coordinated events that induce morphological and functional changes within the follicle, leading to cell differentiation and oocyte development. The preantral early antral follicle transition is the stage of follicular development during which gonadotropin dependence is obtained and the progression into growing or atresia of the follicle is made. Follicular growth during this period is tightly regulated by oocyte-granulosatheca cell interactions. A cluster of early expressed genes is required for normal folliculogenesis. Granulosa cell factors stimulate the recruitment of theca cells from cortical stromal cells. Thecal factors promote granulosa cell proliferation and suppress granulosa cell apoptosis. Cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions influence the production of growth factors in the different follicular compartments (oocyte, granulosa, and theca cells). Several autocrine and paracrine factors are involved in follicular growth and differentiation; their activity is present even at the time of ovulation, decreasing the gap junction communication, and stimulating the theca cell proliferation. In addition, the identification of the factors that promote follicular growth from the preantral stage to the small antral stage may provide important information for the identification for assisted reproduction techniques.
Sleep Based Topology Control: Based on the Distributed Learning Automata

Topology control tries to provide more spatial reuse and power conservation while keeping network connectivity. Some topology control algorithms try to provide more energy conservation by sleeping the redundant nodes. This paper presents a learning automata based algorithm to determine whether the node has to sleep or not. Just few efforts have focused on the issue of topology control with mobility. We have simulated our proposed algorithm in both of the static and dynamic networks. Our results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms CEC, which is a well known algorithm.
Performance of the MIMO MC-CDMA system with beamforming

The quality of a wireless link can be described by three basic parameters, namely transmission rate, transmission range and transmission reliability. With the advent of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) assisted Multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) systems, the above-mentioned three parameters may be simultaneously improved. The MC-CDMA combined with the MIMO technique, has become a core technology for future mobile radio communication system. However, possible potential gain in spectral efficiency is challenged by the receiver's ability to accurately detect the symbol due to inter symbol interference (ISI). Multipath propagation, mobility of transmitter, receiver and local scattering cause the signal to be spread in frequency, different arrival time and angle, which results in ISI in the received signal. This will affect overall system performance. The use of MC-CDMA mitigates the problem of time dispersion. However, still it is necessary to remove the amplitude and phase shift caused by channel. To solve this problem, a multiple antenna array can be used at the receiver, not only for spectral efficiency or gain enhancement, but also for interference suppression. This can be done by the beam forming, efficient channel estimation with strong equalization. This paper proposes MIMO MC-CDMA system with beamforming, Minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalization with ideal channel estimation. The simulation result shows improved BER performance when the sub carrier (SC) and antenna configuration was increased.