Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Domestic Violence and Pregnancy: A CBPR Coalition Approach to Identifying Needs and Informing Policy

Abstract:Background: Community engagement—the collaborative process of addressing issues that impact the well-being of a community—is a strategic effort to address community issues. The Gulf States Health Policy Center (GS-HPC) formed the Hattiesburg Area Health Coalition (HAHC) in November 2014 for the purpose of addressing policies impacting the health of Forrest and Lamar counties in Mississippi.Objectives: To chronicle the community-based participatory research (CBPR) process used by HAHC's identification of infant and maternal health as a policy area, domestic violence in pregnancy as a priority area within infant and maternal health, and a community action plan (CAP) regarding this priority area.Methods: HAHC reviewed data and identified infant and maternal health as a priority area. They then conducted a policy scan of local prenatal health care to determine the policy area of domestic violence in pregnancy.Results: HAHC developed a CAP identifying three goals with regard to domestic violence and pregnancy that together informed policy. Changes included the development of materials specific to resources available in the area. The materials and recommended changes will first be implemented by Southeast Mississippi Rural Health Initiative (SeMRHI) through a screening question for all pregnant patients, and the adoption of policies for providing information and referrals.Conclusions: The lack of community-level data was a challenge to HAHC in identifying focus and priority areas, but this was overcome by shared leadership and community engagement. After completion of the CAP, 100% of expecting mothers receiving prenatal care in the area will be screened for domestic violence.
Using language adaptive deep neural networks for improved multilingual speech recognition

Building Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition (LVCSR) systems for under-resourced languages is a challenging task. While plenty of data is available for English, many other languages suffer from a lack of data. There are different methods for tackling this challenge. One possibility is to use data from different languages to boost the performance of a system for a particular target language. With the emerging of LVCSR systems using neural networks (NNs), many research groups have demonstrated the benefits from using additional data in order to improve the system performance. In this work, we propose a method for providing the language information directly to the network, thus enabling it to become language adaptive. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in a series of experiments.
Extending Cournot: When Does Insight Dissipate?

The Cournot model makes assumptions about the knowledge of the players, which can lead to counterintuitive results when extending the basic model. Closed-loop equilibria and models with consistent conjectural variations are problematic in that they reduce or eliminate economic rents while the players have more knowledge than under standard Cournot assumptions. The loss of profit arises because the information is about reactions and not about equilibria, the players do not deduce or carry over relevant information from one stage of the game to the next, and they operate in a reactive decision space rather than reframing the game proactively. We show how the equilibrium changes and profits improve as players enlarge their strategies and point out the problems associated with each improvement in their strategies. However, the equilibrium is dependent on the starting point. Critical to modeling oligopolies is identifying the knowledge levels and the decision spaces of the players. Our conclusion is that, although the basic Cournot model provides insights into oligopolies, extensions that rely on the Cournot assumption that the other player does not react are probably mathematical artifacts that do not contribute to understanding how markets operate. Oligopoly theory should focus more on alternative descriptions of players' knowledge and their strategic alternatives, especially on how the players frame the behavior of others in their industries, rather than rely on a few standard equilibria. This makes the case for an agent-based approach.
Development of Veneer-based Corrugated Composites, Part 1: Manufacture and Basic Material Properties

Typically, wood-based composite materials have been developed through empirical studies. In these products, the constituent wood elements have broad spectrums regarding species, size, and anatomical orientation relative to their own dimensions. To define special strength and stiffness properties during a long-term study, two types of corrugated wood composite panels were developed for possible structural utilization. The constitutional elements of the newly developed products included Appalachian hardwood veneer residues (side clippings) and/or rejected low quality, sliced veneer sheets. The proposed primary usage of these veneer-based panels is in applications where the edgewise loading may cause buckling (e.g., web elements of I-joists, shear-wall and composite beam core materials). This paper describes the development of flat and corrugated panels, including furnish preparations and laboratory-scale manufacturing processes as well as the determination of key mechanical properties. According to the results in parallel to grain direction bending, tension and compression strengths exceeded other structural panels’ similar characteristics, while the rigidities were comparable. Based on the research findings, sliced veneer clipping waste can be transformed into structural panels or used as reinforcement elements in beams and sandwich-type products.
Greener governments: partisan ideologies, executive institutions, and environmental policies

ABSTRACT Why do some governments have more environmentally friendly policies than others? Part of the answer involves governing parties’ ideological positions on environmentalism and the constraints imposed by executive institutions. Here, this party-based explanation is elaborated and tested with uniquely comparable indicators of national environmental policies for governments in 27 countries in the European Union (EU). The findings show that governments with parties that emphasized environmental protection in their manifestos are more likely to propose pro-environment policies during EU-level negotiations. However, the effect of ideology is mediated by the centralization of the national executive branch. In centralized national executives, the environmental positions of prime ministers’ parties affect policies, while in decentralized national executives, the positions of environment ministers’ parties are relevant. The findings have implications for understanding the impact of parties’ environmental positions on government policies, as well as for policy making in coalitions more generally.
Predictive analysis using hybrid clustering in diabetes diagnosis

Data mining has become crucial in the health care domain for the purpose of predictive analysis. With the discovery of new models, it has become easier to analyze the vast amount of data available in the medical industry. In this research work, K∗-Means has been used for removal of the inconsistency found in the data and for optimal feature selection genetic algorithm is used with SVM for the purpose of classification. K∗-Means is an optimized hierarchical clustering method which aims at reduction of computational cost. The application of the proposed hybrid clustering model applied on Pima Indians Diabetes dataset shows increase in accuracy by 1.351% and in both sensitivity and positive predicted value by 2.0411%. The proposed model attains better results in comparison to the already existing models in the literature.
Petrogenesis of ungrouped enstatite meteorite Zakłodzie: Fabric, texture, and nanostructure analysis for identification of mechanisms responsible for chondrite–achondrite transition

Zakłodzie is an enstatite meteorite of unknown petrogenesis. Chemically, it resembles enstatite chondrites, but displays an achondrite‐like texture. Here we report on fabric and texture analyses of Zakłodzie utilizing X‐ray computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy and combine it with a nanostructural study of striated pyroxene by transmission electron microscopy. With this approach we identify mechanisms that led to formation of the texture and address the petrogenesis of the rock. Zakłodzie experienced a shock event in its early evolution while located at some depth inside a warm parent body. Shock‐related strain inverted pyroxene to the observed mixture of intercalated orthorhombic and monoclinic polymorphs. The heat that dissipated after the peak shock was added to primary, radiogenic‐derived heat and led to a prolonged thermal event. This caused local, equilibrium‐based partial melting of plagioclase and metal‐sulfide. Partial melting was followed by two‐stage cooling. The first phase of annealing (above 500 °C) allowed for crystallization of plagioclase and for textural equilibration of metal and sulfides with silicates. Below 500 °C, cooling was faster and more heterogeneous at cm scale, allowing retention of keilite and quenching of K‐rich feldspathic glass in some parts. Our study indicates that Zakłodzie is neither an impact melt rock nor a primitive achondrite, as suggested in former studies. An impact melt origin is excluded because enstatite in Zakłodzie was never completely melted and partial melting occurred during equilibrium‐based postshock conditions. Texturally, the rock represents a transition of chondrite and achondrite and was formed when early impact heat was added to internal radiogenic heat.
SIMULATIONS WITH ECONOMETRIC MODELS AND ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF ESTIMATION

Despite the increasing importance and increasing use of macroeconometric models, there is an econometric problem of fairly substantial proportions that remains relatively unexplored and frequently unacknowledged in macroeconometric model building. The problem concerns the simulation properties of estimators for simultaneous equations, and it arises from the asymmetry of treatment given to lagged endogenous variables during the estimation process and during the simulation process. For the former process, the lagged endogenous variables are treated as predetermined and fixed at the time of model estimation. However, once the model is complete and is simulated over several time periods, lagged values of the endogenous variables are usually derived by using previous period solutions of the endogenous variables. The lagged endogenous variables that were fixed at the time of estimation have become
Determinants of schooling and economic participation of adolescents in Argentina

This paper analyzes the determinants of school attendance and labor participation of young people between 15 and 18 years old in Argentina. The empirical analysis is based on bivariate probit models for the period from 2004 to 2009 with data from the Permanent Household Survey (EPH-INDEC). The main results show the positive impact on both school attendance and the economic inactivity of youth when an adult member of the household is employed in a protected job. R"6@*%,E4 1. labor market, 2. adolescence, 3. youth, 4. education, 5. bivariate probit. Fecha de recepcion: 20 de septiembre de 2011 Fecha de aceptacion: 8 de diciembre de 2011 *El autor agradece la colaboracion brindada por Analia Calero a una version previa de este articulo. 38 FRONTERA NORTE, VOL. 24, NUM. 48, JULIO-DICIEMBRE DE 2012
Does Type 1 Diabetes Modify Sexuality and Mood of Women and Men?

Background: Sexual disorders occurring in women and men with type 1 diabetes have not been sufficiently investigated and described until now. This study attempts to evaluate sexuality in women and men. Methods: Altogether, the study comprised 115 patients with type 1 diabetes and 105 healthy people constituting the control group. All the studied persons underwent survey studies determining sexuality using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI-19) in women and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-15) in men, and the occurrence of depression using the Beck Depression Inventory. The acceptance of illness among patients with diabetes was examined using the Acceptance of Illness Scale questionnaire. Results: In 35% of the examined women with diabetes, the study demonstrated sexual dysfunction as determined by total FSFI. The point values of all the investigated FSFI domains were significantly lower in women with diabetes than in healthy ones (p < 0.001). Erectile dysfunction occurred in 50% of the studied men with diabetes and in 23% of the control group of men (p = 0.0017). Conclusions: Type 1 diabetes leads to sexual disorders which occur in 1/3 of women and in 1/2 of men. Sexual disorders in patients with diabetes more frequently occur in men, persons with coexisting complications of diabetes, and in those with a concentration of glycated hemoglobin higher than 6.5%.
Display strategies for dynamic transcription in speech translation

Translation has been a bridge to connect people and organizations from di erent linguistic background. With the grossing trend of globalization in the 21st century, translation by human e ort has shown its limitation in time and space. The cost has raised dramatically for multilinguistic large organization such as European Commission. The development of low-cost high-e ciency machine translation is being called for enthusiastically by individuals as well as international corporations. The frontier of the research has reached spontaneous speech machine translation, which allows for a real-time communication between people speaking di erent languages anytime and anywhere they want. One of the major challenges in spontaneous speech machine translation is the balance between accuracy and latency. This work tests novel display strategies aiming to reduce the latency during the dynamic display of the translated transcription. Di erent strategies has been designed and implemented to the translation of TED talks, which covers almost all topics and is given in over 110 languages. The results in this work provides rst-hand knowledge of the in uence of display strategies on the balance of accuracy and latency. It shows promising future for the dynamic translation scheme. Once fully developed, it will allow for a much lower latency without the cost of accuracy, which is key to spontaneous speech translation.
Estimated VO2max and its corresponding velocity predict performance of amateur runners

Observa-se, nos ultimos anos, um importante crescimento do numero de praticantes de corrida com proporcional aumento da adesao destes as provas de rua. Nesta populacao, a identificacao dos determinantes do desempenho parece ser necessaria para otimizacao do tempo dedicado ao treinamento. O objetivo do estudo foi estabelecer a associacao do consumo maximo de oxigenio (VO2max) estimado, da velocidade critica (VC) e da velocidade do VO2max (VVO2max), com os desempenhos nas provas de 3,6 km em subida e 10 e 21,1 km no plano. Doze corredores amadores (9 homens) com 36 ± 5 anos de idade foram submetidos a quatro testes: 1 e 5 km de corrida, no plano; 3,6 km de corrida, com inclinacao (≈8%); e um teste para determinacao indireta do VO2max. A VC foi determinada atraves da relacao linear entre a distância e o tempo de corrida dos dois primeiros testes. Os sujeitos participaram de duas provas oficiais de 10 km e 21,1 km. A VVO2max foi estimada a partir do VO2max, atraves de equacoes metabolicas. O VO2max apresentou a melhor associacao com o desempenho da corrida em 10 e 21,1 km no plano. Ja na subida, a VVO2max apresentou melhor associacao. Considerando todas as provas, a variavel com maior media associativa foi o VO2max (0,91±0,07), seguido do VVO2max (0,90±0,04) e VC (0,87±0,06), respectivamente. Este estudo demonstrou elevadas associacoes entre variaveis fisiologicas estabelecidas por metodos indiretos, de baixo investimento e alta praticidade, com o desempenho da corrida em 10 e 21,1 km, no plano, e 3,6 km, em subida.
App creation in schools for different curricula subjects - lesson learned

The next generation of jobs will be characterized by an increased demand for people with computational and problem solving skills. In Austria, computer science topics are underrepresented in school curricula hence teaching time for these topics is limited. From primary through secondary school, only a few opportunities exist for young students to explore programming. Furthermore, today's teachers are rarely trained in computer science, which impairs their potential to motivate students in these courses. Within the "No One Left Behind" (NOLB) project, teachers were supported to guide and assist their students in their learning processes by constructing ideas through game making. Thus, students created games that referred to different subject areas by using the programming tool Pocket Code, an app developed at Graz University of Technology (TU-Graz). This tool helps students to take control of their own education, becoming more engaged, interested, and empowered as a result. To ensure an optimal integration of the app in diverse subjects the different backgrounds (technical and non-technical) of teachers must be considered as well. First, teachers were supported to use Pocket Code in the different subjects in school within the feasibility study of the project. Observed challenges and difficulties using the app have been gathered. Second, we conducted interviews with teachers and students to underpin our onsite observations. As a result, it was possible to validate Pocket Codes' potential to be used in a diverse range of subjects. Third, we focused especially on those teachers who were not technically trained to provide them with a framework for Pocket Code units, e.g., with the help of structured lesson plans and predefined templates.
Magnesium Sulfate for Prophylaxis against Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation after Isolated Cardiac Valve Replacement Surgery in Adult Patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives: To evaluate the role of prophylactic magnesium sulfate administration in preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), attenuating the inflammatory response and promoting myocardial protection after isolated cardiac valve replacement surgery in adult patients with rheumatic heart disease. Design: Prospective randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Methods: Sixty-four adult patients undergoing isolated cardiac valve replacement surgery were divided into two equal groups (32 patients in each). Patients in magnesium group (group M) received 2.5 gm of magnesium sulfate (dissolved in 100 mL of isotonic saline and infused over 2 h), twelve h preoperatively, within the first hour of ICU arrival, and on the 2nd and 3rd postoperative days (group M). Patients in the control group (group C) received a placebo of isotonic saline at the same time periods. Results: Prophylactic magnesium sulfate significantly decreased the incidence of POAF compared to the placebo group (P=0.005). White blood cell (WBC) count showed no significant difference between the two groups. C-reactive protein (CRP) level showed significant reduction during the 3rd, 4th, and 5th postoperative days in group M compared to group C (P=0.001, 0.001 & 0.012 respectively). Serum level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) showed a significant reduction on the 5th postoperative day in group M compared to group C (P=0.001). Both groups showed no significant differences in serum levels of troponin I during the study. Conclusion: Prophylactic use of magnesium sulfate in patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing isolated cardiac valve replacement surgery can decrease the incidence of POAF. It may play a role in attenuating the inflammatory process associated with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
Self-directed therapy programmes for arm rehabilitation after stroke: a systematic review

Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of self-directed arm interventions in adult stroke survivors. Methods: A systematic review of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS and IEEE Xplore up to February 2018 was carried out. Studies of stroke arm interventions were included where more than 50% of the time spent in therapy was initiated and carried out by the participant. Quality of the evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 40 studies (n = 1172 participants) were included (19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 21 before–after studies). Studies were grouped according to no technology or the main additional technology used (no technology n = 5; interactive gaming n = 6; electrical stimulation n = 11; constraint-induced movement therapy n = 6; robotic and dynamic orthotic devices n = 8; mirror therapy n = 1; telerehabilitation n = 2; wearable devices n = 1). A beneficial effect on arm function was found for self-directed interventions using constraint-induced movement therapy (n = 105; standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.00 to 0.78) and electrical stimulation (n = 94; SMD 0.50, 95% CI 0.08–0.91). Constraint-induced movement therapy and therapy programmes without technology improved independence in activities of daily living. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated arm function benefit for patients >12 months poststroke (n = 145; SMD 0.52, 95% CI 0.21–0.82) but not at 0–3, 3–6 or 6–12 months. Conclusion: Self-directed interventions can enhance arm recovery after stroke but the effect varies according to the approach used and timing. There were benefits identified from self-directed delivery of constraint-induced movement therapy, electrical stimulation and therapy programmes that increase practice without using additional technology.
Infectious Morbidity, Mortality and Nutrition in HIV-exposed, Uninfected, Formula-fed Infants: Results From the HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 Trial

Background: HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants are a growing population with potentially poor health outcomes. We evaluated morbidity and mortality in HEU formula-fed infants enrolled in the NICHD HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 trial. Methods: Infectious morbidity, mortality and undernutrition were evaluated within a cohort of 1000 HEU infants enrolled between April 2004 and April 2010 in Brazil (n = 766) and South Africa (n = 234) as part of the NICHD/HPTN 040 trial of 3 different antiretroviral regimens to decrease intrapartum HIV vertical transmission. Results: Twenty-three percent of infants had at least 1 infectious serious adverse effect. Infants born to mothers with <12 years of education [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–5.9), with maternal viral load of >1,000,000 copies/mL at delivery (AOR, 9.9; 95% CI, 1.6–63.1) were more likely to have infectious serious adverse effects. At 6 months, the infant mortality rate per 1000 live births overall was 22 ± 2.6, 9.1 ± 1.8 in Brazil and 64.1 ± 3 in South Africa. Undernutrition and stunting peaked at 1 month of age with 18% having a weight-for-age Z score ⩽−2, and 22% with height for Z score ⩽−2. The likelihood of infant mortality was greater among infants born in South Africa compared with Brazil (AOR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.5–15.8), high maternal viral load (AOR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.01–2.9) and birth weight-for-age Z score ⩽−2 (AOR, 5.2; 95% CI, 1.8–14.8). Conclusions: There were high rates of undernutrition, stunting and infectious serious adverse effect in this study’s formula-fed HEU population. Suppressing maternal HIV viral load during the peripartum period may be a modifiable risk factor to decrease infant mortality.