Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applications of augmented reality-based natural interactive learning in magnetic field instruction

ABSTRACT Educators must address several challenges inherent to the instruction of scientific disciplines such as physics -- expensive or insufficient laboratory equipment, equipment error, difficulty in simulating certain experimental conditions. Augmented reality (AR) can be a promising approach to address these challenges. In this paper, we discuss the design and implementation of an AR and motion-sensing learning technology that teaches magnetic fields in a junior high school physics course. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of using natural interaction on students’ physics learning and deep understanding compared to traditional learning tools. The 38 eighth graders who participated in this study were assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. Analysis of the results shows that the AR-based motion-sensing software can improve students’ learning attitude and learning outcome. This study provides a case for the application of AR technology in secondary physics education.
Leadership development: Applying the same leadership theories and development practices to different contexts?

This paper examines leadership development in the public, private and not-for-profit sectors and assesses the extent that they constitute distinctive contexts for leadership approaches and practices. The results of an empirical survey issued in one country provides some evidence for sector differences whereby leadership is conceptualized and practised with a greater emphasis placed on normative, ethical considerations in the public and not-for-profit sectors. Leadership development in the private sector is more strongly motivated by instrumental economic concerns. Whilst this sector difference is not new or surprising, the potential for greater sectoral distinctiveness in leadership approaches and their development warrants more discussion by academics and practitioners in leadership development. This study of leadership development examines five leadership approaches (charismatic, transformational, authentic, servant and spiritual) and six common leadership development practices (360 degree feedback, mentoring, coaching, networks, job assignment and action learning). Leadership development practices are similar across the private, public and not-for-profit sectors. Furthermore, charismatic and transformational approaches do not appear to discriminate effectively between private and public sector leadership. However, interpretation of the data strongly suggests that leadership theories and practices should be more flexible to the sectoral contexts. Private sector models of leadership development superficially appear to be adequate in so far as they share substantial commonality with the public and not-for-profit sectors in their development practices. However, respondents from the public and not-for-profit sectors are less convinced by the importance of some of the private sector 's approaches and its dominant values such as preparedness to facilitate the leaders’ confidence and power to create effective leadership. This distinction requires further investigation in future research on theories, practices and contexts for leadership development.
Enzyme‐catalyzed amperometric oxidation of neurotransmitters in chip‐capillary electrophoresis

The determination of biogenic monoamines by enzyme‐catalyzed oxidation after electrophoretical separation on a microfluidic chip decreases their detection limits significantly. An amperometric system with a chemically amplified response for neurotransmitters and their metabolites is presented. The principle is the rapid cyclic oxidation of the analyte on the amperometric detector in the presence of the redoxactive enzyme glucose oxidase in the capillary electrophoresis buffer. With this approach, detection limits in the range of 10−7–10−8 M could be reached. Because of the good linearity between the current response and the concentration of catecholamines and their metabolites at concentrations up to 300 μM, this method is attractive for the analytical detection at low concentration levels such as in biological fluids.
Ethylene-Induced Stabilization of ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 and EIN3-LIKE1 Is Mediated by Proteasomal Degradation of EIN3 Binding F-Box 1 and 2 That Requires EIN2 in Arabidopsis[C][W]

The recently controversial ethylene signaling pathway has been reexamined in this study with results supporting a linear signaling pathway, in which EIN2 and EBF1/EBF2, but not MAP KINASE KINASE9, are essential signaling components required for ethylene-induced EIN3 and EIL1 protein stabilization. Plant responses to ethylene are mediated by regulation of EBF1/2-dependent degradation of the ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) transcription factor. Here, we report that the level of EIL1 protein is upregulated by ethylene through an EBF1/2-dependent pathway. Genetic analysis revealed that EIL1 and EIN3 cooperatively but differentially regulate a wide array of ethylene responses, with EIL1 mainly inhibiting leaf expansion and stem elongation in adult plants and EIN3 largely regulating a multitude of ethylene responses in seedlings. When EBF1 and EBF2 are disrupted, EIL1 and EIN3 constitutively accumulate in the nucleus and remain unresponsive to exogenous ethylene application. Further study revealed that the levels of EBF1 and EBF2 proteins are downregulated by ethylene and upregulated by silver ion and MG132, suggesting that ethylene stabilizes EIN3/EIL1 by promoting EBF1 and EBF2 proteasomal degradation. Also, we found that EIN2 is indispensable for mediating ethylene-induced EIN3/EIL1 accumulation and EBF1/2 degradation, whereas MKK9 is not required for ethylene signal transduction, contrary to a previous report. Together, our studies demonstrate that ethylene similarly regulates EIN3 and EIL1, the two master transcription factors coordinating myriad ethylene responses, and clarify that EIN2 but not MKK9 is required for ethylene-induced EIN3/EIL1 stabilization. Our results also reveal that EBF1 and EBF2 act as essential ethylene signal transducers that by themselves are subject to proteasomal degradation.
Intelligent layer for relational aggregated search based on deep neural networks

Aggregated Search describes the increasingly common Information Retrieval Paradigm of presenting to the internet user one-result list with information from different documents and media types. In this work, we review some aggregated search related work and present an overview of our proposed idea in which we investigate the problem of relationships between different results coming from different sources using artificial neural networks. This idea allows us to benefit from the advantages of neural networks and especially deep neural networks for clustering and classifying the research results to accurately meet the user's information needs.
Flexible Behavioural Compatibility and Substitutability for Component Protocols: A Formal Specification

Component compatibility and substitutability are widely recognized as the main issues in component- based software engineering (CBSE). Most of existing approaches suffer from the problem of component adaptation. Indeed, components compatibility and substitutability are performed component-to- component without taking into account the context. This paper proposes a new framework where more flexible component protocols compatibility and substitutability relations that depend on the context (environment) can be defined. The proposed approach is based on the notion of component protocol's usability, that is a component such that there exists an environment ensuring the completion and / or the proper termination of the composition of the involved component protocol and that environment. Two optimistic protocols compatibility relations together with two optimistic protocols behavioral subtyping relations related to the principle of substitutability are proposed. Moreover, behavioral refinement of component protocols is studied, and a link between protocols refinement and their usability is established. The soundness of the approach is shown.
A single-centre experience of over one thousand lead extractions

AIMS The aim of the study was to present a single-centre experience of pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) lead extraction using different methods, mainly laser-assisted extraction. METHODS AND RESULTS Data from 1032 leads and 647 procedures were gathered. A step-by-step approach using different techniques while performing an ongoing risk-benefit analysis was used. The most common indications were local infection, systemic infection, non-functional lead, elective lead replacement, and J-wire fracture. Mean implantation time for all leads was 69 months and for laser-extracted leads 91 months. Laser technique was used to extract 60% of the leads, 29% were manually extracted, 6% extracted with mechanical tools, 4% were surgically removed, and 0.6% extracted by a femoral approach. Failure rate was 0.7%, and major complication rate was 0.9%. No extraction-related mortality occurred. Median time for laser extraction was 2 min. Long implantation time was not a risk factor for failure or for complication. CONCLUSION Pacing and ICD leads can safely, successfully, and effectively be extracted. Leads can often be extracted by a superior transvenous approach; however, open-chest and femoral extractions are still required. Laser-assisted lead extraction proved to be a useful technique to extract leads that could not be removed by manual traction. The results indicate that the paradigm of abandoning redundant leads, instead of removing them, may have to be reconsidered.
Horizontal subduction and truncation of the Cocos Plate beneath central Mexico

Based on analysis of data from a trans‐Mexico temporary broadband seismic network centered on Mexico City, we report that the subducting Cocos Plate beneath central Mexico is horizontal, and tectonically underplates the base of the crust for a distance of 250 km from the trench. It is decoupled from the crust by a very thin low viscosity zone. The plate plunges into the mantle near Mexico City but is truncated at a depth of 500 km, probably due to an E‐W propagating tear in the Cocos slab. Unlike the shallow slab subduction in Peru and Chile, there is active volcanism along the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB) that lies much further inland than regions to either side where subduction dip is not horizontal. Geodynamical modeling indicates that a thin weak layer such as imaged by the seismic experiment can explain the flat subduction geometry.
Using hierarchical dirichlet processes to regulate weight parameters of Restricted Boltzmann Machines

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) have been widely applied to solve various problems in machine learning. Much research has been performed to study the structures of RBM, such as sparsity and probabilistic distributions of hidden units. However, little attention has been paid to investigating the features of weight components that connect visible and hidden layers. In this paper, we formulate a nonparametric Bayesian RBM model, in the sense that Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP) is imposed as a prior of weights. Thus, the original RBM is decomposed as a group-structured machine, where the groups are revealed by HDP. The clustering effect of HDP is helpful to simplify the structure of RBM and the hierarchical structure of our model is advantageous to maintain the diversity of weight components within each group. The Monte Carlo EM (MCEM) algorithm is adopted to perform weight training and hyperparameter estimation. Various experiments verify the effectiveness of our proposed model.
Mobile Testing-as-a-Service (MTaaS) -- Infrastructures, Issues, Solutions and Needs

With the rapid advance of mobile computing technology and wireless networking, there is a significant increase of mobile subscriptions. This drives a strong demand for development and validation of mobile APPs and SaaS applications on mobile web. This paper is written to offer informative and insightful discussion about mobile testing-as-a-service (MTaaS), including its basic concepts, motivations, distinct features and requirements, test environments, and different approaches. Moreover, it presents a test process in MTaaS and three different approaches. Furthermore, the paper proposes one mobile test cloud infrastructure for mobile TaaS, and discusses the required mobile test frameworks and environments. Finally, the paper addresses existing issues, challenges, and emergent needs.
Secondary School Examinations: A Historical Perspective.

Michael Gove has made examination reform a marked feature of his period as Education Secretary in the coalition government, although he has not always found it easy to bring about the changes he feels so strongly about, in the face of widespread opposition from teachers and educationists. This article seeks to analyse the Education Secretary’s recent proposals and set them in a historical context.
Moral Realism and the Foundations of Ethics

Preface 1. Introduction 2. Moral realism and moral inquiry 3. Externalist moral realism 4. Does moral realsim matter? 5. A coherentist moral epistemology 6. Moral realism and the is/ought thesis 7. Posteriori objections to moral realism 8. Objective utilitarianism Appendices Bibliography Index.
Negative Regulation of T Cell Proliferation and Interleukin 2 Production by the Serine Threonine Kinase Gsk-3

Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 is a protein serine/threonine kinase that regulates differentiation and cell fate in a variety of organisms. This study examined the role of GSK-3 in antigen-specific T cell responses. Using resting T cells from P14 T cell receptor (TCR)-transgenic mice (specific for the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and H-2Db), we demonstrated that GSK-3β was inactivated by serine phosphorylation after viral peptide–specific stimulation in vitro. To further investigate the role of GSK-3, we have generated a retroviral vector that expresses a constitutively active form of GSK-3β that has an alanine substitution at the regulatory amino acid, serine 9 (GSK-3βA9). Retroviral transduction of P14 TCR–transgenic bone marrow stem cells, followed by reconstitution, led to the expression of GSK-3βA9 in bone marrow chimeric mice. T cells from chimeric mice demonstrate a reduction in proliferation and interleukin (IL)-2 production. In contrast, in vitro assays done in the presence of the GSK-3 inhibitor lithium led to dramatically prolonged T cell proliferation and increased IL-2 production. Furthermore, in the presence of lithium, we show that nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT)c remains in the nucleus after antigen-specific stimulation of T cells. Together, these data demonstrate that GSK-3 negatively regulates the duration of T cell responses.
Motion segmentation via robust subspace separation in the presence of outlying, incomplete, or corrupted trajectories

We examine the problem of segmenting tracked feature point trajectories of multiple moving objects in an image sequence. Using the affine camera model, this motion segmentation problem can be cast as the problem of segmenting samples drawn from a union of linear subspaces. Due to limitations of the tracker, occlusions and the presence of nonrigid objects in the scene, the obtained motion trajectories may contain grossly mistracked features, missing entries, or not correspond to any valid motion model. In this paper, we develop a robust subspace separation scheme that can deal with all of these practical issues in a unified framework. Our methods draw strong connections between lossy compression, rank minimization, and sparse representation. We test our methods extensively and compare their performance to several extant methods with experiments on the Hopkins 155 database. Our results are on par with state-of-the-art results, and in many cases exceed them. All MATLAB code and segmentation results are publicly available for peer evaluation at http://perception.csl. uiuc.edu/coding/motion/.
Resistive Open Faults Detectability Analysis and Implications for Testing Low Power Nanometric ICs

Resistive open faults (ROFs) represent common manufacturing defects in IC interconnects and result in delay faults that cause timing failures and reliability risks. The nonmonotonic dependence of ROF-induced delay faults on the supply voltage (VDD) poses a concern as to whether single-VDD testing will suffice for low power nanometric designs. Our analysis shows multi-VDD tests could be required, depending on the test speed. This knowledge can be exploited in small delay fault testing to reduce the chances of test escapes while minimizing cost.
Model-Based Count Series Clustering for Bike Sharing System Usage Mining: A Case Study with the Vélib’ System of Paris

Today, more and more bicycle sharing systems (BSSs) are being introduced in big cities. These transportation systems generate sizable transportation data, the mining of which can reveal the underlying urban phenomenon linked to city dynamics. This article presents a statistical model to automatically analyze the trip data of a bike sharing system. The proposed solution partitions (i.e., clusters) the stations according to their usage profiles. To do so, count series describing the stations’s usage through departure/arrival counts per hour throughout the day are built and analyzed. The model for processing these count series is based on Poisson mixtures and introduces a station scaling factor that handles the differences between the stations’s global usage. Differences between weekday and weekend usage are also taken into account. This model identifies the latent factors that shape the geography of trips, and the results may thus offer insights into the relationships between station neighborhood type (its amenities, its demographics, etc.) and the generated mobility patterns. In other words, the proposed method brings to light the different functions in different areas that induce specific patterns in BSS data. These potentials are demonstrated through an in-depth analysis of the results obtained on the Paris Vélib’ large-scale bike sharing system.
Pharmacokinetic Profile and Tolerability of Indinavir-Ritonavir Combinations in Healthy Volunteers

ABSTRACT This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel study in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-uninfected healthy subjects to investigate the pharmacokinetic interaction between indinavir (IDV) and ritonavir (RTV). Subjects were allocated to treatment groups of IDV given with RTV in the following milligram doses twice daily: 800 mg of IDV-100 mg of RTV (800-100 mg), 800-200, 800-400, and 400-400 mg, placebo of IDV with RTV doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg, and placebo of both IDV and RTV. Doses of both drugs were administered for 14 days with a low-fat meal and one dose on day 15 with a high-fat meal. Blood was obtained for drug concentration measurements on days 14 and 15. Seventy-three volunteers enrolled in the study: 29 men and 44 women. Fifty-three volunteers completed the study. When compared to standard historical data for 800 mg of IDV every 8 h (q8h), the IDV area under the concentration-time curve for 24 h (AUC24) of IDV-RTV regimens 400-400, 800-100, and 800-200 mg were at least 1.4, 2.3, and 3.3 times higher, respectively, regardless of meal. The concentrations at the end of the dosing interval were 10 to 25 times higher than that observed in the standard regimen of 800 mg of IDV q8h for IDV-RTV 800-100 and 800-200 mg regimens, respectively. RTV at 200 mg maximally enhanced the IDV profile. Improved tolerability was associated with IDV-RTV 800-100 mg versus IDV-RTV 800-200, 800-400, and 400-400 mg q12h. The advantages of IDV-RTV twice daily over 800 mg of IDV q8h include no food restrictions and twice-daily dosing. Also, the regimens achieve levels of IDV that may be helpful in suppressing strains of HIV-1 that have reduced susceptibility to IDV or other protease inhibitors.
The role of reproductive experience on hippocampus-dependent spatial memory, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and corticosterone in the rat dam

Pregnancy and the postpartum period have remarkable effects on cognition in the mother. Interestingly, motherhood results in enhanced spatial memory in the rodent. This thesis aimed to determine the role of reproductive experience (number of times pregnant and maternal) on enhanced hippocampus-dependent spatial memory in the mother, as well as the neural and hormonal correlates of this effect. Chapter 2 demonstrates that reproductive experience differentially affects spatial memory performance at the time of weaning resulting in enhanced memory performance in primiparous rats compared to nulliparous rats, with a trend toward enhanced memory performance in multiparous compared to nulliparous rats. Chapter 3 demonstrates that the enhanced spatial memory in primiparous rats persists after the time of weaning and is not due to pregnancy or pup-exposure alone. Chapter 4 demonstrates that reproductive experience results in decreased cell proliferation and cell survival in the dentate gyrus during the postpartum in primiparous rats and multiparous rats. Furthermore primiparous rats had decreased levels of cell survival compared to multiparous rats, and pup-exposed nulliparous females had increased levels of cell proliferation and cell death after brief pupexposure. Chapter 5 demonstrates that primiparous rats have significantly elevated total corticosterone in the early postpartum period as well as lower CBG during the postpartum period. Thus, taken together the results from the experiments suggest that the enhancement in hippocampus-dependent spatial memory seen in primiparous and multiparous rats is coincident with reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, increased corticosterone, and decreased corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) during the postpartum period in the mother. These findings demonstrate that motherhood is a time of marked neural plasticity in the hippocampus, an area of the brain not traditionally associated with motherhood.