Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acoustic Noise-Based Detection of Ferroresonance Events in Isolated Neutral Power Systems with Inductive Voltage Transformers

Power-quality events and operation transients in power systems (PS) with isolated neutral can saturate inductive voltage transformers (IVT), which, when interacting with the overhead and underground cable capacitances, can cause ferroresonance events in the local PS. This abnormal operating mode can partially or totally damage the transformers and switchgears within the affected PS. Distribution system operators (DSO) can minimize these effects by detecting ferroresonance events accurately and fast enough and changing the mode of operation accordingly. Direct detection methods, i.e., based on voltage measurements, are reliable, but the massive deployment of this solution is relatively expensive; i.e., power quality analyzers cost thousands of USD. Alternatively, indirect detection methods are also available, e.g., IVT vibration measurements with accelerometers costing hundreds of USD, but their reliability depends on the installation method used. This manuscript proposes using the acoustic noise caused by magnetostriction forces within the IVT core during ferroresonance events to detect their occurrence. Compared to other indirect methods, electret condenser microphones with preamplifying stage cost less than USD 10 and are less sensitive to the installation procedure. The proposed method is validated experimentally, and its performance compared to IVT vibration measurements one by using the same detection methodology.
Molecular Imaging of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Atherosclerosis Using a Smart Multifunctional PET/MRI Nanoparticle

Background Matrix metalloproteinases from macrophages are important intraplaque components that play pivotal roles in plaque progression and regression. This study sought to develop a novel multifunctional positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents based on MMP-2 cleavable nanoparticles to noninvasive assessment of MMP-2 activity in mouse carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Results Macrophage-rich vascular lesions were induced by carotid ligation plus high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetes in CL57/BL6 mice. To render iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) specific for the extracellular MMP-2, the magnetic nanoparticle base material has been derivatized with 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) for the nuclear tracer 64Cu labeling and the MMP-2-cleavable peptide modified with polyethylene glycol 2000, yielding a multi-modality reporter (64Cu-NOTA-IONP@MMP2c-PEG2K, MMP2cNPs) for PET/MR imaging. Small animal PET imaging and biodistribution data revealed that MMP2cNPs exhibited remarkable plaque uptake (3.06 ± 0.87% ID/g and 1.83 ± 0.28% ID/g at 4 and 12 h, respectively). And MMP2cNPs were rapidly cleared from the contralateral normal carotid artery, resulting in excellent plaque-to-normal carotid artery contrasts. Furthermore, in vivo MRI showed a preferential accumulation of MMP2cNPs in atherosclerotic lesions compared with the non-cleavable reference compound, MMP2ncNPs. In addition, histological analyses revealed iron accumulations in the carotid atherosclerotic plaque, in colocalization with MMP-2 expression and macrophages. Conclusion Using a combination of innovative imaging modalities, in this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of applying the novel smart MMP2cNPs as a PET/MR hybrid imaging contrast agent for detection of MMP-2 in atherosclerotic plaque in vivo.
Urban Expansion Simulation Coupled with Residential Location Selection and Land Acquisition Bargaining: A Case Study of Wuhan Urban Development Zone, Central China’s Hubei Province

The urban expansion process involves multiple stakeholders whose interactions and decision-making behaviors have a complex impact on urban land conversion. In this study, we established an urban expansion simulation model that couples two sub-models: the residential location selection model and the land acquisition bargaining model. Those sub-models include four types of agents: resident agent (RA), real estate developer agent (DA), government agent (GA), and farmer agent (FA). The residential location selection model is composed of three agents, RA, DA, and GA, and is first used to select residential locations, while an artificial neural network (ANN) is used to define the behavior rules of RA and RA selects pixels as candidate locations according to the joint decision probability. Then the land acquisition bargaining model is used, which is composed of GA and FA. If the land acquisition is successful, a pixel is converted into urban land, which is occupied by the corresponding RA; otherwise, the RA selects the next pixel and enters the bargaining process again, and so on, until the RA successfully selects a residential location. Each iteration represents the selection process of an agent. We used this model to simulate urban expansion within the Wuhan Urban Development Zone (WHUDZ) of central China from 2009 to 2019. The overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of the simulation results were 92.78% and 55.24%, respectively, which were higher than the results using logistic regression cellular automata. Moreover, we obtained the relative contributions of various influencing factors in the ANN on the residential location selection, revealing the influence of the land acquisition process on land expansion. In addition, the coupled model predicted that the WHUDZ’s urban land area will reach 1415.82 km2 in 2029, mainly through extensional expansion, and the southeast and northwest will be expansion hot spots.
A Multimodal Fusion Approach for Human Activity Recognition

The problem of human activity recognition (HAR) has been increasingly attracting the efforts of the research community, having several applications. It consists of recognizing human motion and/or behavior within a given image or a video sequence, using as input raw sensor measurements. In this paper, a multimodal approach addressing the task of video-based HAR is proposed. It is based on 3D visual data that are collected using an RGB[Formula: see text]depth camera, resulting to both raw video and 3D skeletal sequences. These data are transformed into six different 2D image representations; four of them are in the spectral domain, another is a pseudo-colored image. The aforementioned representations are based on skeletal data. The last representation is a "dynamic" image which is actually an artificially created image that summarizes RGB data of the whole video sequence, in a visually comprehensible way. In order to classify a given activity video, first, all the aforementioned 2D images are extracted and then six trained convolutional neural networks are used so as to extract visual features. The latter are fused so as to form a single feature vector and are fed into a support vector machine for classification into human activities. For evaluation purposes, a challenging motion activity recognition dataset is used, while single-view, cross-view and cross-subject experiments are performed. Moreover, the proposed approach is compared to three other state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating superior performance in most experiments.
Characteristics of clinical isolates of nontuberculous mycobacteria in Java-Indonesia: A multicenter study

Background Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung infections are a major public health concern. Diagnosis of NTM-pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is difficult because its clinical, microbiological, and radiological features resemble to those of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), leading to misdiagnosis. Identification at the species level is essential for diagnosis and determination of therapy, which is currently not performed routinely in Indonesian laboratories. Methodology and principal findings From January 2020 to May 2021, 94 NTM isolates were collected from three TB referral centers in Java Province. Species were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Tests were performed to determine antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm formation ability, sliding motility characteristics, and the ability to adhere to and invade pneumocytes. After identifying the species of all the isolates, we found nine groups of NTMs: M. fortuitum group 51% (48/94), M. abscessus 38.3% (36/94), M. intracellulare 3.1% (3/94), M. neoaurum 2.1% (2/94), M. chelonae 1.1% (1/94), M. gordonae 1.1% (1/94), M. szulgai 1.1% (1/94), M. mucogenicum 1.1% (1/94), and M. arupense 1.1% (1/94). Amikacin was the most effective antibiotic against M. fortuitum group and M. abscessus. The M. fortuitum group was significantly better at forming biofilms than M. abscessus, but both had the same sliding motility capability. The ability of the M. fortuitum group to adhere to and invade pneumocytes was better than that of M. abscessus, with the number isolates of the M. fortuitum group capable of superior adhesion and invasion to that of M. abscessus. Conclusions/Significance This study shows that M. fortuitum group and M. abscessus were the most common NTM found in Java, Indonesia. The M. fortuitum group and M. abscessus were the most susceptible to amikacin; therefore, this was the empirical treatment of choice. The ability to form biofilms is directly proportional to the ability to adhere to and invade pneumocytes but not to the susceptibility profile or sliding motility characteristics.
Pulse-Shape Discrimination of 3-in Size NaI:Tl,⁶Li Scintillator Coupled With SiPM Array

Single crystals of NaI:Tl,6Li, a newly developed neutron-gamma scintillator, have satisfactory <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n/\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> discrimination capability and ease of scaling up. Using a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) instead of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) as a readout for detector miniaturization has attracted considerable attention. Herein, we systematically compare the gamma spectroscopy and n/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\gamma $ </tex-math></inline-formula> discrimination performance of a 3-in NaI:Tl,6Li single crystal using R6233-100 PMT and two types of SiPM arrays as readouts. Using the PMT as a readout, a satisfactory energy resolution of 8.6% at 662 keV and an excellent figure of merit (FoM) of 4.36 at 1-GHz sampling rate can be achieved. Using the two types of SiPM arrays as readouts, the detectors have good linearity with energy resolutions of 14.4% and 10.6% at 662 keV and FoM values greater than 3- at 1-GHz sampling rate. Notably, at low sampling rates, the detector based on a 3-in NaI:Tl,6Li single crystal and SiPM array can maintain a very beneficial pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) performance, such as an FoM value of up to 2.73 at a sampling rate of 20 MHz.
RAGE Inhibitors for Targeted Therapy of Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin family that is overexpressed in several cancers. RAGE is highly expressed in the lung, and its expression increases proportionally at the site of inflammation. This receptor can bind a variety of ligands, including advanced glycation end products, high mobility group box 1, S100 proteins, adhesion molecules, complement components, advanced lipoxidation end products, lipopolysaccharides, and other molecules that mediate cellular responses related to acute and chronic inflammation. RAGE serves as an important node for the initiation and stimulation of cell stress and growth signaling mechanisms that promote carcinogenesis, tumor propagation, and metastatic potential. In this review, we discuss different aspects of RAGE and its prominent ligands implicated in cancer pathogenesis and describe current findings that provide insights into the significant role played by RAGE in cancer. Cancer development can be hindered by inhibiting the interaction of RAGE with its ligands, and this could provide an effective strategy for cancer treatment.
TRPM7 kinase is required for insulin production and compensatory islet responses during obesity

Most overweight individuals do not develop diabetes due to compensatory islet responses to restore glucose homeostasis. Therefore, regulatory pathways that promote β cell compensation are potential targets for treatment of diabetes. The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 protein (TRPM7), harboring a cation channel and a serine/threonine kinase, has been implicated in controlling cell growth and proliferation. Here, we report that selective deletion of Trpm7 in β cells disrupted insulin secretion and led to progressive glucose intolerance. We indicate that the diminished insulinotropic response in β cell–specific Trpm7-knockout mice was caused by decreased insulin production because of impaired enzymatic activity of this protein. Accordingly, high-fat–fed mice with a genetic loss of TRPM7 kinase activity displayed a marked glucose intolerance accompanied by hyperglycemia. These detrimental glucoregulatory effects were engendered by reduced compensatory β cell responses because of mitigated protein kinase B (AKT)/ERK signaling. Collectively, our data identify TRPM7 kinase as a potentially novel regulator of insulin synthesis, β cell dynamics, and glucose homeostasis under obesogenic diet.
Adding Asymmetrically Dominated Alternatives: Violations of Regularity & the Similarity Hypothesis.

Abstract : An asymmetrically dominated alternative is one that is dominated by one item in the set but not by another. It is shown that the addition to a choice set of such an alternative can increase the probability of choosing the item that dominates it. This result points to the inadequacy of many current choice models and suggests product line strategies that might not otherwise be intuitively plausible. (Author)
Steady and Unsteady Flow Simulations Using the Hybrid Flow Solver AVBP

The unstructured flow solver AVBP of CERFACS is presented. The basic concepts of the program are described, and various computational results are presented for a large spectrum of applications ranging from steady-state external aerodynamics to unsteady turbulent flows with and without combustion. The code solves the compressible Navier-Stokes equations on hybrid grids of arbitrary cell type. The code is built on a modular software library and has been ported to a wide range of parallel computers.
Construction of interface conditions for solving the compressible Euler equations by non‐overlapping domain decomposition methods

In this work we examine the acceleration of the convergence of a non‐overlapping additive Schwarz‐type algorithm by modifying the transmission conditions applied to the subdomain interfaces. We have built generalized zero‐order interface conditions using the Smith theory of diagonalizing polynomial matrices. The numerical experiments confirmed qualitatively the behaviour in accordance with the theory, but we could not reproduce identically the results obtained in the continuous case. The preliminary results are very encouraging since they lead to a very good convergence rate for certain Mach numbers. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Longitudinal Survey on aMPV Circulation in French Broiler Flocks following Different Vaccination Strategies

Simple Summary In recent years, the impact of respiratory disease resulting from Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) infection has been rising in the broiler industry in Europe. In this context, in order to investigate aMPV contribution to the clinical picture and the potential benefits of diversified vaccination strategies compared to nonvaccination policies, a longitudinal monitoring was performed in broilers located in Western France. The survey confirmed the circulation of field aMPV subtype B strains with a certain degree of genetic heterogenicity and the importance of implementation of vaccination to contain the clinical manifestations. Abstract In recent years, the impact of respiratory disease resulting from Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) infection has been generally rising in the broiler industry in Europe. In this context, in order to investigate aMPV contribution to the clinical picture and the potential benefits of diversified vaccination strategies compared to nonvaccination policies, a longitudinal monitoring was performed, also evaluating Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) presence. Broiler flocks located in Western France, where aMPV has already proven to be a health and productivity issue, were screened by RT-PCR on rhino-pharyngeal swabs, and the viruses were genetically characterized by sequence analysis. For a more comprehensive picture of aMPV molecular epidemiology and evolution in France, aMPV subtype B strains detected from 1985 to 1998 were sequenced and included in the analysis. The survey confirmed the detection of aMPV subtype B in commercial broiler flocks in France, together with a certain heterogeneity demonstrated by the circulation of more recent and historical French field strains. No IBV field strains were detected. The implementation and evaluation of different management choices and vaccine strategies suggests once again that immunization does not prevent infection but contributes greatly to the containment of the clinical manifestations.
Supersonic vortex rings

Experiments by Phan & Stollery (In Proc. 14th International Symposium on Shock Tubes and Waves, pp. 519-526 (1983)) indicated the presence of a supersonic vortex ring with an embedded rearward-facing shock in the unsteady flow that follows the emergence of a normal shock from a circular tube. The vortex flow is supersonic in the sense that the on-axis flow is supersonic in the frame of reference of the vortex ring. In the present work this flow phenomenon is studied by using differential interferometry and a detailed description of the flow-starting process is given. A simplified quasi-steady calculation is performed and a comparison is made with previously measured pressures in the flow field. These results are in agreement with the physical description of the flow development.
Resonant Absorption of Laser Light by a Magnetized Plasma

Theory and a particle-simulation code have been used to investigate resonance absorption of obliquely incident, p-polarized laser light by a magnetized inhomogeneous plasma. The absorption is increased (decreased) by the addition of the external magnetic field with the same (opposite) sign as the angle of incidence. The theoretical results from the two-dimensional particle simulations are in excellent agreement.
Lipid Parameters and the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Individuals

Epidemiological evidence suggests that lipid parameters are related to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nevertheless, prospective studies that comprehensively assess the effect of routinely available lipid measures on the development of CKD are lacking. The aim of this study was to longitudinally assess the influence of lipid metabolism indicators on the presence of CKD in a large community-based population. We conducted a prospective cohort study at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China, with 5345 patients of 40 years or older. Cox regression models were conducted, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess lipid parameters and their relationship with the incidence of CKD. During the follow-up period, 340 (6.4%) subjects developed CKD. The incidence of CKD increased progressively with quartile values of triglyceride (TG), the ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C/HDL-C) and the ratio of TG to HDL-C, but decreased with HDL-C quartiles (p < 0.0001 for all trends). Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple regression analyses indicated that these parameters were also associated with various indicators of kidney function. Moreover, we found that among all the lipid parameters, TG/HDL-C emerged as the most effective predictor of CKD. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TG/HDL-C better predicts the incidence of CKD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals than other lipid parameters tested in the study.
Parametric families of multivariate distributions with given margins

Parametric families of continuous bivariate distributions with given margins that include independence and perfect positive dependence are compared on the basis on some important properties. Since many such families exist, the comparisons are helpful for deciding on suitable models for multivariate data. The study of the properties has motivation from applications in extreme value inference. One property considered for bivariate families is whether they extend to multivariate families, and extensions are given when possible. Several new bivariate and multivariate families are included and some open research problems in the area of multivariate families are mentioned.
Influence of Stress Field and Temperature Field on Residual Stress of 2A14 Aluminum Alloy Based on In Situ SAXS Method

In this paper, based on in situ synchrotron radiation SAXS technology, the effects of stress field, temperature field and thermo-mechanical coupling conditions on the evolution of residual stress are discussed, respectively. The results show that the continuous increase of the external load led to the increase of the residual stress perpendicular to the tensile direction of the 2A14 aluminum alloy, and when the external load closed to the yield strength, the change of the residual stress was no longer significant. Under the action of temperature, the residual stress of 2A14 aluminum alloy reduced after the process of heating–holding–cooling. Under the action of thermo-mechanical coupling, the recovery effect of aluminum alloy was triggered, the energy storage of deformation was released, the lattice strain was reduced and the residual stress introduced by external load was reduced.
Infectivity of pseudotyped SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern in different human cell types and inhibitory effects of recombinant spike protein and entry‐related cellular factors

Since the report of the first COVID‐19 case in 2019, SARS‐CoV‐2 variants of concern (VOCs) have continued to emerge, manifesting diverse infectivity, evasion of host immunity and pathology. While ACE2 is the predominant receptor of SARS‐CoV‐2, TMPRSS2, Kim‐1, NRP‐1, CD147, furin, CD209L, and CD26 have also been implicated as viral entry‐related cofactors. To understand the variations in infectivity and pathogenesis of VOCs, we conducted infection analysis in human cells from different organ systems using pseudoviruses of VOCs including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta. Recombinant spike S1, RBD, ACE2, Kim‐1, and NRP‐1 proteins were tested for their ability to block infection to dissect their roles in SARS‐CoV‐2 entry into cells. Compared with wild type SARS‐CoV‐2 (WT), numerous VOCs had significant increases of infectivity across a wide spectrum of cell types. Recombinant ACE2 protein more effectively inhibited the infection of VOCs including Delta and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) than that of WT. Interestingly, recombinant S1, RBD, Kim‐1, and NRP‐1 proteins inhibited the infection of all pseudoviruses in a manner dependent on the levels of ACE2 expression in different cell types. These results provide insights into the diverse infectivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 VOCs, which might be helpful for managing the emergence of new VOCs.
Parametric amplification in coupled magnetoinductive waveguides

A theoretical study of parametric amplification in magnetoinductive waveguides comprising metamaterial elements is presented. It is shown that phase-matching conditions can be satisfied in coupled waveguides by tailoring the dispersion characteristic of magnetoinductive waves. The corresponding formulation for parametric amplification is developed ab initio and analysed for a number of special cases. The problem of loss compensation in metamaterials by means of parametric amplification of magnetoinductive waves is studied in more detail.