Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Motion Consistency and Guided Diffusion Feature Matching for 3D Reconstruction

: Feature matching is one of the key steps to restore a 3D model from an image. To effectively improve the quality of 3D reconstruction, an enhanced motion consistency and guided diffusion feature matching algorithm for 3D reconstruction is presented. Firstly, based on the grid-based motion statistics al-gorithm, an enhanced motion consistency concept is proposed by adding a threshold β , which enhances the judgment condition of true and false matching points, avoids the false matching of highly similar features, and improves the initial matching points accuracy. Then, the RANSAC algorithm is used for feature point matching optimization to filter out outliers and further improve the feature point matching accuracy. Finally, a guided diffusion concept that combines guided matching and motion consistency is proposed, which reduces the possibility of concentrated distribution in the part of the image, thereby improving the feature points matching number and the 3D model stability. Experiments on 618 pairs of images in the public 3D reconstruction datasets demonstrate that this algorithm can achieve better performance in feature matching
New method of swirl control in a diffusing S-duct

References Charwat, A. F. , Roos, J. N. , Dewey, C. F. , and Hitz, J. A. , "An Investigation of Separated Flow—Part I: The Pressure Field," Journal of Aerospace Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 6, 1961, pp. 457-470. Rom, J., and Seginer, A. , "Laminar Heat Transfer to a Two-Dimensional Backward Facing Step from High Enthalpy Supersonic Flows in the Shock Tube," AIAA Journal, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1964, pp. 251-255. Reeves, B. L. , and Lees, L. , "Theory of Laminar Near Wake of Blunt Bodies in Hypersonic Flow," AIAA Journal, Vol. 3, No. 10, 1965, pp. 2061-2074. Weiss, R. F. , and Weinbaum, S. , "Hypersonic Boundary Layer Separation and the Base Flow Problem," AIAA Journal, Vol. 4, No. 5, 1966, pp. 1321-1330. Roshko, A. , and Thomke, G. J., "Observations of Turbulent Reattachment Behind an Axisymmetric Downstream-Facing Step in Supersonic Flow," AIAA Journal, Vol. 4, No. 6, 1966, pp. 975-980. Scherberg, M. G. , and Smith, H. E. , "An Experimental Study of Supersonic Flow over a Rearward Facing Step," AIAA Journal, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1967, pp. 51-56. Hama, F. R. , "Experimental Studies on the Lip Shock," AIAA Journal, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1968, pp. 212-219. Gai, S. L. , Reynolds, N. T. , Ross, C. , and Baird, J. P., "Measurements of Heat Transfer in Separated High Enthalpy Dissociated Laminar Hypersonic Flow Behind Step," Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 199, Jan. 1989, pp. 541-561. Stalker, R. J., Free Piston Shock Tunnel T3-Facility Hand Book, Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 1985. Park, C. , Non Equilibrium Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics, Wiley, New York, 1990, pp. 246-251.
Effect of COVID-19 Stay at Home Requirement on Household Incomes in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya

Pandemics are not a new phenomenon since they have happened numerous times throughout human history. Due to the globalization and interconnectedness of the business world today, the steps taken by governments around the world to stop the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from spreading resulted to minimal movement of people and products, impacting business activities in Kenya. Although COVID-19 containment measures including stay at home requirement contributed to the reduction of coronavirus infection globally, household incomes were at risk due to the pandemic’s effects on business operations and economic activities. The study sought to analyze effect of COVID-19 stay at home requirement on household incomes in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study was anchored on the relative income theory which guided the specification framework. An explanatory research design was adopted based on 304, 943 households with a sample of 399. The data was collected using structured questionnaires issued to household heads using simple random sampling. Correlation results indicated a strong negative significant correlation between stay-at-home requirement and household income . OLS results indicated that stay-at-home requirement coefficient had a negative significant effect (β=-0.343,p=0.00<0.05)on household income. The study concluded that COVID-19 stay at home requirement affected household incomes for Uasin Gishu County, Kenya households suggesting that the restrictions imposed to curb the menace extensively led to job loss and reduction in income.
Empirical scaling of positron- and electron-impact ionization cross sections

A simple empirical formula has been found which factors out the gross target dependence of single ionization cross sections by positron and electron impact. The formula can be used to estimate cross sections for an atom if the cross section maxima for any other two atoms in the same column of the periodic table are known. Further investigation is required to understand the basic physical mechanism underlying the degree of accuracy of such a factorization.
THE OBSERVABLE PRESTELLAR PHASE OF THE INITIAL MASS FUNCTION

The observed similarities between the mass function of prestellar cores (CMF) and the stellar initial mass function (IMF) have led to the suggestion that the IMF is already largely determined in the gas phase. However, theoretical arguments show that the CMF may differ significantly from the IMF. In this Letter, we study the relation between the CMF and the IMF, as predicted by the IMF model of Padoan and Nordlund. We show that (1) the observed mass of prestellar cores is on average a few times smaller than that of the stellar systems they generate; (2) the CMF rises monotonically with decreasing mass, with a noticeable change in slope at approximately 3–5 M☉, depending on mean density; (3) the selection of cores with masses larger than half their Bonnor–Ebert mass yields a CMF approximately consistent with the system IMF, rescaled in mass by the same factor as our model IMF, and therefore suitable to estimate the local efficiency of star formation, and to study the dependence of the IMF peak on cloud properties; and (4) only one in five pre-brown-dwarf core candidates is a true progenitor to a brown dwarf.
Microstructural evolution and nano-mechanical properties of Ti-Al-based alloys synthesized by laser in-situ alloying

Developing titanium aluminides (Ti-Al) based alloys by means of Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) in-situ manufacturing yields attractive properties as compared to other fabrication methods. Ti-Al alloys have attracted much attention for high-temperature performance in gas turbine and automobile applications because of their attractive properties such as low density, high strength, high stiffness, and good oxidation resistance. In this work, laser in-situ fabricated Ti-Al-2Cr (Sample C3), Ti-Al-3Cr (Sample C1) and Ti-Al-4Cr (Sample C2) alloys were developed and the compositional effect on morphological evolution and nano-mechanical properties were investigated. The developed alloys were heat treated to 1350°C and air-cooled. The microstructural evolution was characterized using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Anton-Paar equipment was used to analyze the nanoindentation properties (hardness, elastic modulus and stiffness) and MatLab software was utilized to analyze the stress-strain behaviour of the alloys from the nanoindentation load-displacement curve. The results showed that normalizing heat-treatment played an important role in homogenizing the alloys and there was a significant decrease in nanoindentation hardness, stiffness and modulus of elasticity after heat-treatment.
LOUD: Local Orthogonalization-Constrained Unsupervised Deep-Learning Denoiser

Random noise attenuation of seismic data is a fundamental problem in seismic data processing. It is not only an important problem itself, but also a crucial step for the subsequent tasks, for example, migration and inversion. We propose a local orthogonalization-constrained unsupervised deep-learning denoiser (LOUD) to suppress seismic random noise based on a new loss function that specifically adapts to seismic data. Through unsupervised learning, we eliminate the common need for supervised learning approaches of collecting or generating sizable clean and noisy image pairs, which is challenging and expensive, especially for seismic data. We utilize a deep convolutional autoencoder to reconstruct the clean seismic image and leverage the local signal-and-noise orthogonalization as a constraint to guarantee that the removed noise component is orthogonal to the recovered signal. Experimental results on both synthetic and field datasets exhibit the effectiveness of our proposed method over traditional denoising methods.
Adiabatic properties of pulsating DA white dwarfs. II: Mode trapping in compositionally stratified models

As part of a series of investigations aimed at understanding the adiabatic gravity-mode period structure of models of pulsating DA white dwarfs, we examine qualitatively and quantitatively the phenomenon of mode trapping caused by compositional layering in these stars. This is motivated by the real possibility that the pulsation modes detected in ZZ Ceti stars are actually trapped in the outer hydrogen layer. We first discuss the various manifestations of compositional layering on the pulsational properties of a representative ZZ Ceti star model
Asymptotic approximations in the near-integrated model with a non-zero initial condition

This paper considers various asymptotic approximations in the near-integrated first-order autoregressive model with a non-zero initial condition. We first extend the work of Knight and Satchell (1993), who considered the random walk case with a zero initial con-dition, to derive the expansion of the relevant joint moment generating function in this more general framework. We also consider, as alternative approximations, the stochastic expansion of Phillips (1987c) and the continuous-time approximation of Perron (1991a). We assess, via a Monte Carlo simulation study, the extent to which these alternative methods provide adequate approximations to the finite sample distribution of the least-squares estimator in a first-order autoregressive model. The results show that, when the initial condition is non-zero, Perron¹s (1991a) continuous-time approximation performs very well while the others only offer improvements when the initial condition is zero.
Synthetic antiferromagnet for hard layer of exchange coupled composite media

It has been shown that exchange coupled composite (ECC) media exhibit a superior thermal stability to switching field ratio compared to conventional perpendicular media. However, optimal media designs have employed a low magnetization hard layer. A more physically achievable design may consist of replacing the hard layer with a synthetic antiferromagnet consisting of two ferromagnetic hard layers coupled by an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. This approach is shown to decrease the switching field and increases the thermal stability ratio when compared to ECC media with a single hard layer.
Regionalization: Theory and Alternative Algorithms

The relations between regionalization and classification have been formally stated in the geography literature [l , 3,4, 6, 141. This paper compares some alternative grouping algorithms which are applicable to regionalization problems. Grouping methods have been very successful in the development of classifications. Objects are grouped using some measurement of pair wise association. Any measurement that forms a metric space may be used. A space X , under a measurement of association d, is called a metric space if:
Topics in the Constructive Theory of Countable Markov Chains

Introduction and history 1. Preliminaries 2. General criteria 3. Explicit construction of Lyapunov functions 4. Ideology of induced chains 5. Random walks in two dimensional complexes 6. Stability 7. Exponential convergence and analyticity for ergodic Markov chains Bibliography.
Monitoring the Water Vapor Content at High Spatio-Temporal Resolution Using a Network of Low-Cost Multi-GNSS Receivers

The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has the capacity for remote sensing of water vapor content in the atmosphere. Post-processing of GNSS data can provide integrated water vapor (IWV) with accuracies comparable to measurements of traditional sensors, i.e., water vapor radiometers. While GNSS meteorology benefits from thousands of permanent GNSS stations operating worldwide the spatial resolution of GNSS-derived IWV is limited to tens of kilometers. Further densification of GNSS networks is achievable with low-cost GNSS receivers. We investigated the feasibility of low-cost multi-GNSS receivers for monitoring IWV. The post-processing and the real-time (RT) solution are validated against: 1) the results from a geodetic-grade GNSS receiver; 2) colocated water vapor radiometer; and 3) numerical weather model (NWM). Despite the high variability of the IWV during the validation period, the standard deviation of IWV differences with respect to the water vapor radiometer was 1.0 and 1.5 kg/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in post-processing and RT, respectively. The city-scale variability of water vapor content in the atmosphere was monitored by a network of 16 low-cost GNSS receivers deployed in the city of Wroclaw, Poland. During rapidly changing weather conditions, the disagreement between the low-cost GNSS-derived IWV field and the NWM reached up to 5.4 kg/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and interstation IWV differences exceeded 5 kg/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. It has been demonstrated that low-cost GNSS receivers are reliable tools for precise determination of IWV, also in RT. This study is the first to measure the water vapor content with a spatial resolution of single kilometers and to present a significantly diversified city-scale IWV field.
Association of TYR SNP rs1042602 with Melanoma Risk and Prognosis

Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive of skin tumors. In order to discover new biomarkers that could help us improve prognostic prediction in melanoma patients, we have searched for germline DNA variants associated with melanoma progression. Thus, after exome sequencing of a set of melanoma patients and healthy control individuals, we identified rs1042602, an SNP within TYR, as a good candidate. After genotyping rs1042602 in 1025 patients and 773 healthy donors, we found that the rs1042602-A allele was significantly associated with susceptibility to melanoma (CATT test: p = 0.0035). Interestingly, we also observed significant differences between patients with good and bad prognosis (5 years of follow-up) (n = 664) (CATT test for all samples p = 0.0384 and for men alone p = 0.0054). Disease-free-survival (DFS) analyses also showed that patients with the A allele had shorter DFS periods. In men, the association remained significant even in a multivariate Cox Proportional-hazards model, which was adjusted for age at diagnosis, Breslow thickness, ulceration and melanoma subtype (HR 0.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20–0.83; p = 0.0139). Based on our results, we propose that rs1042602-A is a risk allele for melanoma, which also seems to be responsible for a poorer prognosis of the disease, particularly in men.
Designing new digital tools to augment human creative thinking at work: An application in elite sports coaching

Creative thinking is desirable in many professions. This article reports new research that followed a design science approach to develop and investigate a co‐creative tool called Sport Sparks in one profession – the coaching of professional football players. In response to a coach entering a text description of a coaching challenge (e.g., struggling to maintain the fitness of an athlete) into the tool, the tool automatically generated potentially novel ideas (e.g., reducing game time and changing their nutrition) that the coach could select and/or adapt and evolve into a simple action plan (e.g., which links nutrition to increased game time). This Sport Sparks tool was designed to be an example of human‐centred artificial intelligence that aspires to empower humans, to deliver high levels of human control as well as automation, and empower people rather than emulate their expertise. It was engineered with rule‐based reasoning to automate the generation of potential new ideas that coaches could select and refine during interactions which provide high user control over this automation. The potential of such a co‐creative tool, and value of the guidelines, were demonstrated during the tool's evaluation by coaching practitioners at a Premier League football club. The practitioners used the tool to generate new ideas to coaching challenges, and reported evidence of different forms of creative thinking, although some also reported the need for more support for creative collaborations and solution planning. The paper ends by discussing future directions for both the Sport Sparks tool and other co‐creative AI tools.
PROCESS-MINING USING RULE AUGMENTED WITH CONDITIONAL RANDOM FIELDS ON SEQUENCES FOR EVALUATING THE RESULTS IN HEALTH CARE EVENT ABSTRACTION

Process-mining approaches are geared towards gaining insights into processes by analyzing records of events. Most of the time, the events written down within the event log aren't enough detailed. This causes the software to uncover incomprehensible processes diagrams or processes that do not exactly match the details that are in the log. We demonstrate that when process discovery software can detect an insufficient process model from an event log that is lower level. The general pattern of the event can in certain instances be identified by abstracting the log higher levels of detail. This presents the challenges of creating a bridge between a log that is low-level events and a more detailed view of the log in order to create a more structured and more easily comprehended model of the process is recognized. We have shown that the supervised learning technique can assist in the task of event abstraction for the case that annotations that contain High-level interpretations of low-level events are only available to specific sequences (i.e. trace). We propose a method to create trace features vectors for events dependent on extensions to an event. There is an increasing amount of research about Process-mining in the field of health care, such as oncology, which is the research of cancer. The MIMIC-III dataset contains 16 event tables that can be beneficial in Process-mining. This paper highlights the potential to utilize MIMIC-III to conduct Process-mining in the field of oncology. The findings and the data's quality limitations are reviewed as well as opportunities for further study as well as reflections on the potential of MIMIC-III to facilitate reproducible research on Process-mining.
Novel AlGaN/GaN HEMT pH Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring Based on Visible Light Communication Technology

This work reports a novel real-time high sensitivity pH monitoring system based on light signal acquisition of visible light communication technology (VLCT). The pH monitoring system is composed of LED as signal transmission and AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) as pH sensor. The luminescence of LED is regulated by HEMT when monitoring pH. The luminescence intensity of the LED varies with the current change of sensor and it will be captured by CCD or optical power meter to realize pH monitoring. The sensor shows excellent sensing characteristics with a maximum sensitivity of $285.7 ~\mu \text{A}$ /pH and a resolution of 0.14 pH at the range of pH from 2 to 12.45.
TeaVisor: Network Hypervisor for Bandwidth Isolation in SDN-NV

We introduce TeaVisor that provides bandwidth isolation guarantee for network virtualization (NV) based on software-defined networking (SDN). SDN-based NV (SDN-NV) offers many benefits to clouds, such as topology and address virtualization while allowing flexible resource provisioning, control, and monitoring on virtual networks. In SDN-NV, however, routing is done by tenants independently; thus, existing studies have difficulties in bandwidth isolation guarantee due to the overloaded link problem. Bandwidth isolation guarantee is essential for providing stable and reliable throughput on network services in SDN-NV. Without bandwidth isolation guarantee, tenants suffer degraded service qualities and significant loss in revenue. To address this problem, we design and implement TeaVisor in three components: path virtualization, bandwidth reservation, and path establishment. Through extensive experiments, TeaVisor shows that bandwidth isolation is guaranteed with near-zero errors, which is three orders of magnitude better than existing studies. In addition, TeaVisor guarantees the minimum and maximum bandwidth at the same time. We also present an overhead analysis of TeaVisor in control traffic and memory consumption.
Motion blurred image restoration based on Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor

When relative motion between the target and the camera occurs, the captured images would be blurred. Due to the arbitrariness of the motion, it is of great difficulty to restore the degraded images. In this paper, a new method based on Hartmann-Shack Wavefront Sensor is proposed to deblur the degraded image of the extended target caused by arbitrary motion. Relevant theoretical analysis is given and a corresponding experimental system is built. During the exposure time, image sequences are obtained by the Hartmann-Shack Wavefront Sensor to calculate the displacement vectors, from which the Point Spread Function (PSF) is estimated to restore the blurred image. Experimental results show that the proposed method can efficiently restore the degraded image of the target. So the application of Hartmann-Shack Wavefront Sensor can be extended to detect the motion of target, which means we can deal with wavefront distortion and motion blur using Hartmann-Shack Wavefront Sensor simultaneously.
Fourier filtration of XANES as a source of quantitative information of interatomic distances and coordination numbers in crystalline minerals and amorphous compounds

The method for quantitative determination of interatomic distances and coordination numbers (CN) in minerals and amorphous compounds by their x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) is proposed. The generation of themethod and the proof of its main points are based on the revealed theoretical description of XANES for crystalline compounds and minerals as a sum of different photoelectron scattering processes on two- and approximately linear three-atoms chains, originated at the absorbing atom. The method consists of the Fourier filtration (FF) of the experimental XANES within the short range of photoelectron's wave numbers and the following fitting, with three varied parameters, of the first shell term extracted by the FF procedure. The accuracy of the obtained local structural parameters is illustrated for the reference crystalline minerals, which are used also to simulate the XANES formation in glasses. The application of the method to Mg XANES in diopside-glass and its crystalline equivalent, Diopside, permits one to determine the Mg-O distance and CN for the first oxygen shell around the Mg atom and to reveal the change of these parameters between the glass and the crystal with similar chemical composition.