Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
European integration and changing British discourse on sovereignty

This study investigates whether British elites’ discourse on sovereignty has changed as European integration has progressed. Academic research has long recognized the existence of discourse change regarding sovereignty, and the process of European integration is likely to be a modern event that produces such change in elite understanding of sovereignty. The dissertation thus investigates the question of whether elite discourse on sovereignty has indeed changed in the context of European integration. This research is separated into two parts. The first part examines how the academic literature has discussed sovereignty in the contemporary world, how sovereignty has generally been conceptualized in Britain and the challenge of European integration to the academic and British political debates around sovereignty thereby presenting the key mechanism behind modern discourse change. The second part conducts a discourse analysis focusing on statements of British MPs from British accession to the EC to the debate on the Treaty of Lisbon. In order to conduct discourse analysis, MPs are classified into specific groups: Government, the Conservative Party, the Labour Party, and those who favoured a bill, and those who were against a bill. Further, I divide the process of European integration into three time periods: the Accession to the EC and the referendum on membership (1971-1975); the Single European Act and the Treaty of Maastricht (1985-1993); and New Labour (1997-2009). The analysis is carried out by a comparison between different groups and time periods. Ultimately, the dissertation determines whether British elites’ discourse on sovereignty has changed and, if so, whether there is a new interpretation of sovereignty in modern day Britain.
Towards Motif Detection in Networks: Frequency Concepts and Flexible Search

Bioinformatics Center Gatersleben-Halle, Institute ofPlant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Gatersleben,Corrensstrase 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. {schreibe,schwoebb}@ipk-gatersleben.deAbstract. Network motifs, patterns of local interconnections with po-tential functional properties, are important for the analysis of biologicalnetworks. To analyse motifs in networks the ﬁrst step is ﬁnding patternsof interest. This paper presents 1) three diﬀerent concepts for the de-termination of pattern frequency and 2) a ﬂexible algorithm to computethese frequencies. The diﬀerent concepts of pattern frequency depend onthe reuse of network elements. The presented algorithm ﬁnds patternswith highest frequency and can be used to determine pattern frequencyin directed graphs under consideration of these concepts. The utility ofthis method is demonstrated by applying it to real-world data.
Spectroscopic multiple-vibrational-modeling of Raman gain for FRA design

Multiple pumping fiber Raman amplifiers with theoretical gain bandwidth of 12 THz are becoming more and more essential in wavelength-division-multiplexing optical communication systems with terabit capacity. In this work, the new spectroscopic model for the Raman gain spectrum decomposition in arbitrary optical fiber using multiple vibrational modes is presented. Nonlinear fitting procedure with Levenberg-Marquardt method of Raman gain profile was applied and it gives practically exact approximation of the observed Raman gain spectrum in silica fiber. The integrated intensities of model spectra are coincided with experimental spectrum within <0.3%. The optimal set of Raman gain parameters is compiled to simple analytical expressions that can be integrated and differentiated in symbolic form and are easy to evaluate numerically. Modeling results on the set of basic Raman amplifier characteristics such us: gain ripple, bandwidth, group delay, and noise performance is presented
Team CASE and the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge

1. INTRODUCTION Team Case is responding to the 2007 DARPA Grand Challenge, the " Urban Challenge, " with a vehicle that is both rugged and intelligent. Our vehicle, " DEXTER, " designed and raced by Team ENSCO in 2005, placed 6 th in the 2005 Desert Challenge. The Case/ENSCO collaboration was initiated at DARPA's networking event during the initial Urban Challenge participant's conference. ENSCO's proven vehicle and robust engineering talent augments Case's research and technology depth in biologically inspired robot design and control. Team Case is comprised of over 50 members, with active contributors including professors, graduate students, undergraduates, and collaborators from the original Team ENSCO. Our team members are drawn from academic programs of electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, biomedical engineering, computer engineering, computer science and systems engineering. In addition to enjoying use of ENSCO's DEXTER, we are supported by donations from corporations, foundations, individuals, Case Western Reserve University and the Case Alumni Association. Additional technical contributions are being provided by Argon ST, the Air The primary challenge of this competition will be the ability to interpret imperfect data and execute context-appropriate actions in complex and ambiguous situations. Examples include: maintaining safe vehicle control in areas of GPS outage and/or obscured aerial maps; recognizing the existence and intent of other vehicles and interacting with them safely; and constantly re-evaluating the viability of current action choices vs. available contingency options. We have based our system on an architecture that will accommodate continuous growth and change because the sensor systems, planning and decision-making algorithms, and targeted expert behaviors will continue to evolve for years to come. We have thus based our system on an architecture that will accommodate continuous growth and change. This report is organized as follows. A system overview is presented first, in terms of the system architecture. This is followed by a bottom-up presentation, including: the mechanical system and low-level controls; the physical sensor systems; the software perceptual systems; the behavioral and lower-level decision systems; and the higher-level planning and learning systems. We conclude with a description of our whole-system testing process, including simulation testing and field testing and summarize progress to date and planned developments leading to the final race. 2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Figure 1 shows a high-level view of our system organization. At this level of resolution, the modules are the following. The vehicle block includes DEXTER's mechanics, safety systems,
Towards a property graph generator for benchmarking

The use of synthetic graph generators is a common practice among graph-oriented benchmark designers, as it allows obtaining graphs with the required scale and characteristics. However, finding a graph generator that accurately fits the needs of a given benchmark is very difficult, thus practitioners end up creating ad-hoc ones. Such a task is usually time-consuming, and often leads to reinventing the wheel. In this paper, we introduce the conceptual design of DataSynth, a framework for property graphs generation with customizable schemas and characteristics. The goal of DataSynth is to assist benchmark designers in generating graphs efficiently and at scale, saving from implementing their own generators. Additionally, DataSynth introduces novel features barely explored so far, such as modeling the correlation between properties and the structure of the graph. This is achieved by a novel property-to-node matching algorithm for which we present preliminary promising results.
Brief screening instrument for post-traumatic stress disorder

Background Brief screening instruments appear to be a viable way of detecting post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but none has yet been adequately validated. Aims To test and cross-validate a brief instrumentthat is simple to administer and score. Method Forty-one survivors of a rai l crash were administered a questionnaire, followed by a structured clinical interview 1 week later. Results Excellent prediction of a PTSD diagnosis was provided by respondents endorsing at least six re-experiencing or arousal symptoms, in any combination. The findings were replicated on data from a previous study of 157 crime victims. Conclusions Performance of the new measure was equivalent to agreement achieved between two full clinical interviews.
Crossings on Public Perception of Biomedicine: Spain and the European Indicators

In recent years, there has been an increasing advance in various disciplines such as genetics, biotechnology or information technology. There is almost unanimous agreement that the generation and application of scientific and technological knowledge is playing a key role in the improvement of quality of life in society, productive modernization, and the insertion of some countries on the global stage. However, these rapid changes are also having serious effects, leading to discussions about their current or future use and their social, ethical implications. To date, these changes have also modified our environment.
Magnetohydrostatic Sunspot Models from Deep Subphotospheric to Chromospheric Layers

In order to understand the influence of magnetic fields on the propagation properties of waves, as derived from different local helioseismology techniques, forward modeling of waves is required. Such calculations need a model in magnetohydrostatic equilibrium as an initial atmosphere through which to propagate oscillations. We provide a method to construct such a model in equilibrium for a wide range of parameters, for use in simulations of artificial helioseismologic data. The method combines the advantages of self-similar solutions and current-distributed models. A set of models is developed by numerical integration of magnetohydrostatic equations from the subphotospheric to chromospheric layers.
Efficient utilization of GPGPU cache hierarchy

Recent GPUs are equipped with general-purpose L1 and L2 caches in an attempt to reduce memory bandwidth demand and improve the performance of some irregular GPGPU applications. However, due to the massive multithreading, GPGPU caches suffer from severe resource contention and low data-sharing which may degrade the performance instead. In this work, we propose three techniques to efficiently utilize and improve the performance of GPGPU caches. The first technique aims to dynamically detect and bypass memory accesses that show streaming behavior. In the second technique, we propose dynamic warp throttling via cores sampling (DWT-CS) to alleviate cache thrashing by throttling the number of active warps per core. DWT-CS monitors the MPKI at L1, when it exceeds a specific threshold, all GPU cores are sampled with different number of active warps to find the optimal number of warps that mitigates thrashing and achieves the highest performance. Our proposed third technique addresses the problem of GPU cache associativity since many GPGPU applications suffer from severe associativity stalls and conflict misses. Prior work proposed cache bypassing on associativity stalls. In this work, instead of bypassing, we employ a better cache indexing function, Pseudo Random Interleaving Cache (PRIC), that is based on polynomial modulus mapping, in order to fairly and evenly distribute memory accesses over cache sets. The proposed techniques improve the average performance of streaming and contention applications by 1.2X and 2.3X respectively. Compared to prior work, it achieves 1.7X and 1.5X performance improvement over Cache-Conscious Wavefront Scheduler and Memory Request Prioritization Buffer respectively.
Performance Pay and Teachers' Effort, Productivity and Grading Ethics

Performance-related incentive pay for teachers is being introduced in many countries, but there is little evidence of its effects. This paper evaluates a rank-order tournament among teachers of English, Hebrew, and mathematics in Israel. Teachers were rewarded with cash bonuses for improving their students' performance on high-school matriculation exams. Two identification strategies were used to estimate the program effects, a regression discontinuity design and propensity score matching. The regression discontinuity method exploits both a natural experiment stemming from measurement error in the assignment variable and a sharp discontinuity in the assignment-to-treatment variable. The results suggest that performance incentives have a significant effect on directly affected students with some minor spillover effects on untreated subjects. The improvements appear to derive from changes in teaching methods, after-school teaching, and increased responsiveness to students' needs. No evidence found for teachers' manipulation of test scores. The program appears to have been more cost-effective than school-group cash bonuses or extra instruction time and is as effective as cash bonuses for students.
Monte Carlo simulations for complex option pricing

The thesis focuses on pricing complex options using Monte Carlo simulations. Due to the versatility of the Monte Carlo method, we are able to evaluate option prices with various underlying asset models: jump diffusion models, illiquidity models, stochastic volatility and so on. Both European options and Bermudan options are studied in this thesis.For the jump diffusion model in Merton (1973), we demonstrate European and Bermudan option pricing by the Monte Carlo scheme and extend this to multiple underlying assets; furthermore, we analyse the effect of stochastic volatility.For the illiquidity model in the spirit of Glover (2008), we model the illiquidity impact on option pricing in the simulation study. The four models considered are: the first order feedback model with constant illiquidity and stochastic illiquidity; the full feedback model with constant illiquidity and stochastic illiquidity. We provide detailed explanations for the present of path failures when simulating the underlying asset price movement and suggest some measures to overcome these difficulties.
Modeling and performance analysis of future generation multimedia wireless and mobile networks using smart antennas

In this paper, we propose an analytical model for novel multimedia wireless and mobile networks using smart antennas. In the proposed networks, several beams having the same physical channel (e.g., frequency in FDMA, time slot in TDMA, spreading code in CDMA, or any combination of them) are formed in a cell. System capacity is increased dramatically by reusing the channels in the same cell. In this paper, we consider two types of multimedia services, real-time services and non-real-time services. Quality of service (QoS) is guaranteed by reserving different numbers of channels for different types of handoff calls, respectively. The system is analyzed by a 4D Markov chain. The blocking probability of originating calls and blocking probability of handoff calls are obtained from our formulas. As we expect, system capacity and performance are highly improved by employing smart antennas.
High‐tech ventures' innovation and influences of institutional voids: A comparative study of two high‐tech parks in China

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how institutional voids influence high‐tech ventures' innovation, and what strategies high‐tech entrepreneurs deploy to cope with the institutional environments they encounter.Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative research approach was taken. In‐depth interviews were conducted with nine high‐tech entrepreneurs. In addition, governmental officials, overseas associations, and professional investors were interviewed for more/further observations.Findings – Institutional voids may negatively influence high‐tech ventures' innovation. They might be moderated by guanxi and government active involvement. On the contrary, institutional voids can offer high‐tech entrepreneurs the opportunity to create innovative business models. The co‐evolution of institutional developments and high‐tech ventures illustrates the particular characteristics of Chinese entrepreneurial environment.Research limitations/implications – Qualitative study cannot simply be generali.
A Survey on Growth and Inequality: Does Improved Inequality Data Have Anything to Say?

Theories on the relationship between inequality and economic growth can be divided into two strands of paradigm, i.e. those which predict tradeoff between growth and equity, and those which predict no tradeoff. The consensus of empirical literature in 1980s until mid 1990s suggest there need be no conflict between fast growth and distribution. Empirical works in that era, however, were subject to criticism over the reliability of inequality data. The availability and accessibility of more improved income inequality data after the publication of Deininger and Squire’s (1996) had motivated more empirical works on the relationship between growth and inequality and had also made possible the use of relatively advanced econometric methods. Recent empirical literature following this publication of new dataset, however, do not provide strong support for whether growth and inequality are negatively or positively associated. It mainly suggest no overall relation between growth and inequality. There is little indication, however, that in the context of developing countries, the tradeoff may be resolved.
Pre-layout prediction of interconnect manufacturability

Functional yield is a term used to describe the percentage of dies on a wafer that fail due to catastrophic defects. Within the interconnect these defects are usually caused by particle contamination and are divided into bridging defects, which join adjacent wires, and cuts, which result in broken wires. The probability of failure is therefore determined by the geometry of the routing channels and the distribution of defect sizes. Since the wire spacing and width are usually fixed, and the distribution of defects within a mature production facility is well known, the problem reduces to estimating individual wire lengths for cuts, and to estimating the overlapping distance that two wires share in neighboring sections of the routing grid for bridges. Since the probability of failure is determined by the behavior of the wires averaged over the entire interconnect, the application of System Level Interconnect Prediction (SLIP) techniques is particularly appropriate. This paper presents a method for utilizing previously developed techniques for wire length estimation and layer assignment and applies them to the problem of cut and bridge functional yield estimation.
SU-8: a photoresist for high-aspect-ratio and 3D submicron lithography

SU-8 has become the favourite photoresist for high-aspect-ratio (HAR) and three-dimensional (3D) lithographic patterning due to its excellent coating, planarization and processing properties as well as its mechanical and chemical stability. However, as feature sizes get smaller and pattern complexity increases, particular difficulties and a number of material-related issues arise and need to be carefully considered. This review presents a detailed description of these effects and describes reported strategies and achieved SU-8 HAR and 3D structures up to August 2006.
Principal components and generalized linear modeling in the correlation between hospital admissions and air pollution

OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between concentrations of air pollutants and admissions for respiratory causes in children. METHODS Ecological time series study. Daily figures for hospital admissions of children aged < 6, and daily concentrations of air pollutants (PM10, SO2, NO2, O3 and CO) were analyzed in the Região da Grande Vitória, ES, Southeastern Brazil, from January 2005 to December 2010. For statistical analysis, two techniques were combined: Poisson regression with generalized additive models and principal model component analysis. Those analysis techniques complemented each other and provided more significant estimates in the estimation of relative risk. The models were adjusted for temporal trend, seasonality, day of the week, meteorological factors and autocorrelation. In the final adjustment of the model, it was necessary to include models of the Autoregressive Moving Average Models (p, q) type in the residuals in order to eliminate the autocorrelation structures present in the components. RESULTS For every 10:49 μg/m3 increase (interquartile range) in levels of the pollutant PM10 there was a 3.0% increase in the relative risk estimated using the generalized additive model analysis of main components-seasonal autoregressive – while in the usual generalized additive model, the estimate was 2.0%. CONCLUSIONS Compared to the usual generalized additive model, in general, the proposed aspect of generalized additive model − principal component analysis, showed better results in estimating relative risk and quality of fit.
Exploring Technical Phrase Frames from Research Paper Titles

This paper proposes a method for exploring technical phrase frames by extracting word n-grams that match our information needs and interests from research paper titles. Technical phrase frames, the outcome of our method, are phrases with wildcards that may be substituted for any technical term. Our method, first of all, extracts word trigrams from research paper titles and constructs a co-occurrence graph of the trigrams. Even by simply applying Page Rank algorithm to the co-occurrence graph, we obtain the trigrams that can be regarded as technical key phrases at the higher ranks in terms of Page Rank score. In contrast, our method assigns weights to the edges of the co-occurrence graph based on Jaccard similarity between trigrams and then apply weighted Page Rank algorithm. Consequently, we obtain widely different but more interesting results. While the top-ranked trigrams obtained by unweighted Page Rank have just a self-contained meaning, those obtained by our method are technical phrase frames, i.e., A word sequence that forms a complete technical phrase only after putting a technical word (or words) before or/and after it. We claim that our method is a useful tool for discovering important phrase logical patterns, which can expand query keywords for improving information retrieval performance and can also work as candidate phrasings in technical writing to make our research papers attractive.
LiBS: lifelog browsing system to support sharing of memories

We propose a lifelog browsing system through which users can share memories of their experiences with other users. Most importantly, by using global positioning system data and time stamps, the system simultaneously displays a variety of log information in a time-synchronous manner. This function empowers users with not only an easy interpretation of other users' experiences but also nonverbal notifications. Shared information on this system includes photographs taken by users, Google street views, shops and restaurants on the map, daily weather, and other items relevant to users' interests. In evaluation experiments, users preferred the proposed system to conventional photograph albums and maps for explaining and sharing their experiences. Moreover, through displayed information, the listeners found out their interest items that had not been mentioned by the speakers.
A fixed-frequency pulsewidth modulation based quasi-sliding-mode controller for buck converters

This paper presents the design and analysis of a fixed-frequency pulsewidth modulation (PWM)-based quasi-sliding-mode voltage controller for buck converters from a circuit design perspective. A practical design approach that aims at systematizing the procedure for the selection of the control parameters is presented. In addition, a simple analog form of the controller for practical realization is provided. The resulting controller exhibits the same structure as a PWM proportional derivative (PD) linear controller, but with an additional component consisting of the instantaneous input voltage and the instantaneous output voltage. Simulation and experimental results show that the performance of the converter agrees with the theoretical design.