Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lens Injury Stimulates Axon Regeneration in the Mature Rat Optic Nerve

In mature mammals, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are unable to regenerate their axons after optic nerve injury, and they soon undergo apoptotic cell death. However, a small puncture wound to the lens enhances RGC survival and enables these cells to regenerate their axons into the normally inhibitory environment of the optic nerve. Even when the optic nerve is intact, lens injury stimulates macrophage infiltration into the eye, Müller cell activation, and increased GAP-43 expression in ganglion cells across the entire retina. In contrast, axotomy, either alone or combined with intraocular injections that do not infringe on the lens, causes only a minimal change in GAP-43 expression in RGCs and a minimal activation of the other cell types. Combining nerve injury with lens puncture leads to an eightfold increase in RGC survival and a 100-fold increase in the number of axons regenerating beyond the crush site. Macrophage activation appears to play a key role, because intraocular injections of Zymosan, a yeast cell wall preparation, stimulated monocytes in the absence of lens injury and induced RGCs to regenerate their axons into the distal optic nerve.
Simulation input analysis: difficulties in simulating queues with Pareto service

M/G/1 queues, where G is a heavy-tailed distribution, have applications in Internet modeling and modeling for insurance claim risk. The Pareto distribution is a special heavy-tailed distribution called a power-tailed distribution, and has been found to serve as adequate models for many of these situations. However, to get the waiting time distribution, one must resort to numerical methods, e.g., simulation. Many difficulties arise in simulating queues with Pareto service and we investigate why this may be so. Even if we are willing to consider truncated Pareto service, there still can be problems in simulating if the truncation point (maximum service time possible) is too large.
Bacillus thuringiensis transgene introgression from Brassica apus to wild mustard B . juncea

Transgenic canola (Brassica napus) with a Bacillus thuringiensis cry1Ac gene and a green fluorescent protein (GFP) marker gene was used in hybridization experiments with wild Brassica juncea. Hybrid F1 and successive five backcross generations were obtained. The pod-set frequency on backcrossed B. juncea plants was over 66%, which suggested relatively high crossing compatibility between the hybrids and wild species. The seed setting in BC1 was the least of all generations tested, and then increased at the BC2 generation for which the thousand-seed weight was the highest of all generations. Seed size in backcrossed generations eventually approached that of the wild parent. The plants in all backcrossed generations were consistent with the expected 1:1 segregation ratio of the transgenes. The Bt Cry1Ac protein concentrations at bolting and flowering stages was higher compared to the 4–5-leaf and pod-formation stages. Nonetheless, the Bt toxin in the fifth backcrossing
The Isokinetic and Electromyographic Assessment of Knee Muscles Strength in the Short- and Long-Term Type 2 Diabetes

Background Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients are subject to muscle weakness. Objectives The aim of the study was an assessment of electromyographic (EMG) activity of knee muscles during isometric maximal voluntary contraction in the different disease durations of T2DM. Methods Eighteen patients with less than 10 years and twelve patients with more than 10 years of T2DM were compared with nineteen matched healthy control subjects. EMG of flexor and extensor muscles of knee concurrently with isometric maximal peak torque of knee flexion and extension at 75 degrees of knee flexion were recorded in three groups. Results Isometric maximal peak torque of extension and root mean squared (RMS) of vastus lateralis and medial hamstring in the healthy control was significantly higher than both patient groups. Whenever the maximal isometric peak flexion torque was not significantly different between groups, the mean power frequency (MPF) of flexor muscles especially medial hamstrings were higher in the short-term T2DM than healthy control groups. The two factors, gender and age, had significant effect on maximal peak torque and RMS of knee muscles. Conclusions EMG could show the effect of T2DM, gender and age on knee muscles activity. It seems that the medial hamstring was the most sensitive muscle of knee compartment to show the effect of T2DM and difference of short and long-term T2DM in EMG study.
A three-slot asynchronous reader-writer mechanism for multiprocessor real-time systems

This report presents an approach to realizing a three-slot asynchronous reader/writer mechanism in multiprocessor real-time systems. The mechanism allows both the reader and the writer to access the shared data object at any time without employing any conventional synchronization protocol. Its implementation takes advantage of the hardware supported Compare-and-Swap instruction to coordinate buuer accessing. Since there is no locking mechanism adopted in the approach, it is a non-blocking mechanism such that delay of either the reader or the writer imposes no eeect upon the other. In addition, no repeated reading is needed by the reader. For real-time applications, this mechanism introduces no impact upon timing behaviour of tasks. It helps to reduce blocking and priority inversion problems incurred by the commonly used lock-based synchronization mechanisms.
The cycle of knowledge in government human capital management

Government Human Capital Management (GHCM) is activities to manage civil servant as government resources and assets. These assets are used as much as possible to improve the achievement of government objectives. In 2014, the government appointed legally three ministries to manage all government human capital in Indonesia. They are KEMENPAN&RB, LAN, BKN and each of them has a duty respectively in GHCM. Therefore, collaboration, coordination, and teamwork are necessary to achieve the professional management of human capital among the three ministries. Knowledge management believed can enhance sharing and transferring organizational knowledge among individual and institutions in order to create new knowledge in the field of GHCM. The knowledge is essential for the completion of tasks and problems that arise in GHCM. Some continuous activities to create, manage and disseminate knowledge are known as knowledge management cycle. This research aims to determine the KM cycle of GHCM. Deep interview conducted to collect the data related to knowledge management cycle. Mixed methods used to analyze the data which sequentially done with qualitative method and then the quantitative method. Content analysis used for analyze the transcribe data and correspondence analysis is used to analyze the contingency value of each activities. Then, the findings verified by expert judgment. Result shown that knowledge management cycle of GHCM are acquire, verified, store, share and utilize knowledge wherein each stage has a different activity.
5G mobile handset multi, wideband antenna with inductor operating at mm wave: Design and analysis

A mobile handset antenna supporting wide frequency range is vital investigative issue. As many wireless networks with dissimilar working frequencies are going to interact with 5G mobile phone, it is obligatory to make antenna of mobile handset supportive to wide/multi frequency bands. This paper presents an antenna operating at 28GHZ frequency which is a expected band of frequency for future mobile communication. Proposed antenna designed to resonate at different required frequencies bands, particularly in the 0.7-0.9GHz, 1.5-2.5GHz, and a wide upper band 10-40GHz. A gain of 8.7dBi, 5.8dBi, 5.2dBi at 28GHz, 2.2GHz, and 1.5GHz respectively is manifesting the suitability of proposed antenna for 5G mobile communication, nevertheless even higher gain is also desirable. Maintaining acceptable size for antenna system at higher frequencies is also a focus of work in this paper.
Single channel speech enhancement techniques for removal of additive noise

In addition to the known applications of voice communication , cell phones , hands-free voice recording , automatic speech recognition , interactive voice response systems , man-machine interface , requires at least a microphone and signals are usually corrupted by noise reverberation and background noise . So , the voice signal must be " clean " by digital signal processing tool to be played before storage or transmission . This article describes an speech enhancement technology for single voice channel. Various strategies have been proposed and are described from human to simulate and compare the past in this article . But there are still some obstacles to overcome these methods . Therefore, the aim is to modify or in combination with a single voice channel from the real world , a significant noise, such as airports , cars , restaurants , train stations and other inhibiting characteristics of different algorithms voices improvement efforts improvisation to outperform traditional methods , because the failure is made to develop a new algorithm. The algorithm is based on simulation of objective and subjective evaluation.
An edge detection algorithm based on beamlet transform and its applications

The beamlet transform is an efficient tool for multiscale analysis. An edge detection algorithm is proposed based on beamlet transform. The evaluation of this algorithm is taken from several aspects, such as the continuity of the edge detection, the antinoise performance and so on. The algorithm is applied to detect edge and identify lane from road images. The experiments show that the continuity of edge detection is good, the new method has low rate of wrong detection and miss detection, which also has good performance on line extraction. But the performance of antinoise is inferior. The edge we gained contains information on the position, the orientation and so on, which will be convenient for the target recognition.
Stigma and its determinants among male drug dependents receiving methadone maintenance treatment.

BACKGROUND The stigma attached to substance use is considered as a barrier to treatment, resulting in continued dependence and harmful consequences for the health of drug abusers and society. METHODS In the current study, stigma and its relation with patient characteristics and secrecy was examined in people who were in treatment of drug dependency. Participants were 144 patients from two referral methadone treatment centers who completed a survey containing questionnaires about stigma, secrecy and other measures of drug use. RESULTS Patients reported high levels of self-stigma and moderate levels of stigma-related rejection and perceived stigma as well as commonly using secrecy, as a way of coping. More experiencing of self -stigma was associated with unemployment, positive history of IV drug use, incarceration and heroin consumption, compared to opium use. IV drug users and unemployed persons also reported more contacts with stigma- related rejection. No association was found between stigma and previous history of treatment for substance abuse. CONCLUSION Findings indicate stigma in individuals who are in the treatment for substance dependence and highlight the need for more studies to clarify all aspects of drug use stigma.
Indications of Optical Coherence Tomography in Keratoplasties: Literature Review

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the anterior segment, in particular corneal OCT, has become a reliable tool for the cornea specialist, as it provides the acquisition of digital images at high resolution with a noncontact technology. In penetrating or lamellar keratoplasties, OCT can be used to assess central corneal thickness and pachymetry maps, as well as precise measurements of deep stromal opacities, thereby guiding the surgeon to choose the best treatment option. OCT has also been used to evaluate the keratoplasty postoperative period, for early identification of possible complications, such as secondary glaucoma or donor disc detachments in endothelial keratoplasties. Intraoperatively, OCT can be used to assess stromal bed regularity and transparency in anterior lamellar surgeries, especially for those techniques in which a bare Descemet's membrane is the goal. The purpose of this paper is to review and discuss the role of OCT as a diagnostic tool in various types of keratoplasties.
Deleting Mcl-1 in mast cells: getting 2 birds with 1 stone.

In this issue of Blood , Lilla and colleagues report that Mcl-1 (myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1), an intracellular antiapoptotic factor in a multiple hematopoietic lineage cells, plays a crucial role in regulating survival of both mast cells and basophils. [1][1] Mcl-1 belongs to the bcl-2 family
A Case Study of ERP Implementation for Governmental Agencies

An ERP system is known as an integrated information system for business enterprises. The purpose of this paper is to show the implementation of ERP systems in a governmental agency. Bancroft is recommended as an implementation method for ERP. It is well thought out and provides a virtual skeleton to provide assistance in the transition activities needed by each company.
The Limits of Transmit Power Control in Wireless Networks

This paper analyzes the effect that adaptive transmit power control might have on the total throughput of twosender wireless networks. The paper’s main conclusion, based on theoretical and experimental studies, is that for any two sender topology, the best strategy is either for the stations to send one at a time, or for them to send concurrently at the maximum power level of which they are capable. That is, adaptive power control for two senders won’t help throughput. The paper’s theoretical analysis uses Shannon’s capacity formula to estimate how much simultaneous senders will decrease each others’ throughput due to interference. The analysis assumes that each sender chooses a transmit bit-rate that will maximize throughput to its receiver for the signal and interference levels at the receiver. The analysis derives a general expression for the transmit power levels that maximizes throughput for two-sender physical topologies. The paper goes on to present measurements from an 802.11 test-bed for the two-sender topology, in order to see if the conclusions from the theoretical analysis hold in practice. The measurements search for the highest-throughput combination of transmit power levels with no carrier sense or other deferral mechanisms. The theoretical analysis and test-bed measurements support the conclusion that adaptive power control does not increase total throughput.
Efficient ad-hoc search for personalized PageRank

Personalized PageRank (PPR) has been successfully applied to various applications. In real applications, it is important to set PPR parameters in an ad-hoc manner when finding similar nodes because of dynamically changing nature of graphs. Through interactive actions, interactive similarity search supports users to enhance the efficacy of applications. Unfortunately, if the graph is large, interactive similarity search is infeasible due to its high computation cost. Previous PPR approaches cannot effectively handle interactive similarity search since they need precomputation or approximate computation of similarities. The goal of this paper is to efficiently find the top-k nodes with exact node ranking so as to effectively support interactive similarity search based on PPR. Our solution is Castanet. The key Castanet operations are (1) estimate upper/lower bounding similarities iteratively, and (2) prune unnecessary nodes dynamically to obtain top-k nodes in each iteration. Experiments show that our approach is much faster than existing approaches.
Randomness is hard

We study the set of incompressible strings for various resource bounded versions of Kolmogorov complexity. The resource bounded versions of Kolmogorov complexity we study are: polynomial time CD complexity defined by Sipser, the nondeterministic variant due to Buhrman and Fortnow, and the polynomial space bounded Kolmogorov complexity, CS introduced by Hartmanis. For all of these measures we define the set of random strings R/sub t//sup CD/, R/sub t//sup CND/, and R/sub s//sup CS/ as the set of strings x such that CD/sup t/(x), CND/sup t/(x), and CS/sup s/(x) is greater than or equal to the length of x, for s and t polynomials. We show the following: MA/spl sube/NP(R/sub t//sup CD/), where MA is the class of Merlin-Arthur games defined by Babai. AM/spl sube/NP(R/sub t//sup CND/), where AM is the class of Arthur-Merlin games. PSPACE/spl sube/NP(/sub s//sup CS/). These results show that the set of random strings for various resource bounds is hard for complexity classes under nondeterministic reductions. This paper contrasts the earlier work of Buhrman and Mayordomo where they show that for polynomial time deterministic reductions the set of exponential time Kolmogorov random strings is not complete.
Research on WDM optical transport network with GMPLS technology

Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is the best technology currently available to handle the rapidly increasing demand for bandwidth in fiber-optical telecommunications networks. This paper analyzes WDM transport network and discusses GMPLS technology for WDM network. Today, WDM optical transport networks have become more complex over the years and have extended into the metropolitan areas closer to network customers. In addition, a number of business applications are now provided from different locations, which depend heavily on the connectivity of the wide area network. Many of these applications are mission critical and require a high level of reliability. Furthermore, given the recent emphasis on hardening networks against natural disasters and terrorist activities, enhancing the robustness of their telecommunication networks has become a priority for most service providers.
Modular Mobile Application Development Framework for Resource Constrained Devices ( May 2005 )

The rapid growth in global mobile phone usage has created a great demand for feature rich mobile applications. However, the resource limitations in mobile devices and the slow, unreliable nature of mobile networks are two major hindrances to the provision of such services. This paper presents a generic framework for mobile application development, which provides guidelines to develop an application as a collection of independently executable segments. Further, an execution mechanism is proposed which enables these code segments to be downloaded “on demand”. A network infrastructure using 3G mobile technologies is used to mitigate the problem of low bandwidth that may hinder the timely transfer of segments. The authors conclude that the concept of “segmented application development” and “codeon-demand” discussed in this paper could change the nature and quality of applications available for resource constrained mobile devices.
Random Dictators: A First Investigation into Social Von Neumann Morgenstern Preferences

We analyse behavior in lottery choice problems that assign payoffs to the decision maker and one other subject. Lotteries are based on randomly generated 2x2 games where the column player’s choice is replaced by a draw from an urn. We find that the vast majority of subjects displays behavior that might have been generated by a monotone von Neumann Morgenstern utility function. Remarkably, most subjects appear to be fully selfish. We also compare behavior in these lotteries with actual game playing.
Perfectionism and Disordered Eating: An Exploratory Analysis of Recent Literature

ii This review outlines current research on the interrelationship of perfectionism and disordered eating. Research demonstrates that perfectionism may be a risk factor and a maintenance factor for disordered eating. Additionally, current literature supports three of the four subtypes of perfectionism explored in this review to have a significant relationship with disordered eating. Specific treatment for those with both disordered eating and perfectionism is lacking. More research needs to be conducted on the dynamics of perfectionism and disordered eating so mental health professionals may have heightened awareness of the occurrence of this interrelationship, as well as a more comprehensive understanding of how to implement supportive and appropriate treatment interventions.
Cutting a graph into two dissimilar halves

Keywords: discrepancy ; numbers of the edges Note: Professor Pach's number: [042] Reference DCG-ARTICLE-1988-004doi:10.1002/jgt.3190120113 Record created on 2008-11-14, modified on 2017-05-12
On Receiver Design for Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication

Diffusion-based communication refers to the transfer of information using molecules as message carriers whose propagation is governed by the laws of molecular diffusion. It has been identified that diffusion-based communication is one of the most promising solutions for end-to-end communication between nanoscale devices. In this paper, the design of a diffusion-based communication system considering stochastic signaling, arbitrary orders of channel memory, and noisy reception is proposed. The diffusion in the cases of one, two, and three dimensions are all considered. Three signal processing techniques for the molecular concentration with low computational complexity are proposed. For the detector design, both a low-complexity one-shot optimal detector for mutual information maximization and a near Maximum Likelihood (ML) sequence detector are proposed. To the best of our knowledge, our paper is the first that gives an analytical treatment of the signal processing, estimation, and detection problems for diffusion-based communication in the presence of ISI and reception noise. Numerical results indicate that the proposed signal processing technique followed by the one-shot detector achieves near-optimal throughput without the need of a priori information in both short-range and long-range diffusion-based communication scenarios, which suggests an ML sequence detector is not necessary. Furthermore, the proposed receiver design guarantees diffusion-based communication to operate without failure even in the case of infinite channel memory. A channel capacity of 1 bit per channel utilization can be ultimately achieved by extending the duration of the signaling interval.
MOST: A Multi-objective Search-Based Testing from EFSM

This paper introduces a multi-objective evolutionary approach to test case generation from extended finite state machines (EFSM), named MOST. Testing from an (E)FSM generally involves executing various transition paths, until a given coverage criterion (e.g. cover all transitions) is met. As traditional test generation methods from FSM only consider the control aspects, they can produce many infeasible paths when applied to EFSMs, due to conflicts in guard conditions along a path. In order to avoid the infeasible path generation, we propose an approach that obtains feasible paths dynamically, instead of performing static reach ability analysis as usual for FSM-based methods. Previous works have treated EFSM test case generation as a mono-objective optimization problem. Our approach takes two objectives into account that are the coverage criterion and the solution length. In this way, it is not necessary to establish in advance the test case size as earlier approaches. MOST constructs a Pareto set approximation, i.e., a group of optimal solutions, which allows the test team to select the solutions that represent a good trade-off between both objectives. The paper shows empirical studies to illustrate the benefits of the approach and comparing the results with the ones obtained in a related work.