Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic Analysis of Kindlins Suggests Subfunctionalization of an Ancestral Unduplicated Kindlin into Three Paralogs in Vertebrates

Kindlin proteins represent a newly discovered family of evolutionarily conserved FERM domain-containing proteins. This family includes three highly conserved proteins: Kindlin-1, Kindlin-2 and Kindlin-3. All three Kindlin proteins are associated with focal adhesions and are involved in integrin activation. The FERM domain of each Kindlin is bipartite and plays a key role in integrin activation. We herein explore for the first time the evolutionary history of these proteins. The phylogeny of the Kindlins suggests a single ancestral Kindlin protein present in even the earliest metazoan ie, hydra. This protein then underwent duplication events in insects and also experienced genome duplication in vertebrates, leading to the Kindlin family. A comparative study of the Kindlin paralogs showed that Kindlin-2 is the slowest evolving protein among the three family members. The analysis of synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions in orthologous Kindlin sequences in different species showed that all three Kindlins have been evolving under the influence of purifying selection. The expression pattern of Kindlins along with phylogenetic studies supports the subfunctionalization model of gene duplication.
Interaction of the sperm adhesive protein, bindin, with phospholipid vesicles. I. Specific association of bindin with gel-phase phospholipid vesicles

Bindin is a 30,000-mol-wt protein of sea urchin sperm that is responsible for the specific adhesion of the sperm acrosomal process to the vitelline layer covering the egg plasma membrane during fertilization. Sulfated glycoconjugates are believed to be the egg surface receptors for bindin, but the mechanism by which bindin associates with the sperm acrosomal membrane is unknown. Here I report that bindin specifically associates with phospholipid vesicles in vitro. Interaction of the bindin polypeptide with liposomes was found to cause an increase in the density of the liposomes and induce the aggregation of the vesicles. A novel property of this association of bindin with membranes was that it required phospholipids in a gel phase. The interaction of bindin with liposomes was greatly reduced at temperatures above the phase transition temperature. The interaction of bindin with gel-phase vesicles appeared to be reversible, since the aggregated vesicles dissaggregated as the temperature was raised above the phase transition temperature. Association of bindin with the bilayer did not alter the accessibility of the polypeptide to cleavage by trypsin, which suggests that most of the polypeptide chain remains exposed at the surface of the membrane.
Clinical Crossroads a 63-year-old Man with Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Poor Adherence to Treatment Plans

DR DELBANCO: Mr P is a 63-year-old retired businessman who has been obese for much of his life, has had hyperten-sion and hyperlipidemia for at least 20 years, and was diagnosed as having diabetes about 10 years ago. He is married , with several children and grandchildren. He has commercial health insurance and has sought care at hospital-based primary care practices in Boston. He and his family note that he has been poorly adherent to various suggested medical regimens for more than 20 years. In 1988, a stroke believed to be hypertensive in origin left him without deficits. In 1996, he was hospitalized for cel-lulitis of his foot. In 1998, he came to the hospital with crescendo angina, which led to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. He has not had chest pain since that time. The same year, Mr P had a pulmonary embolism, recovering uneventfully. He has had intermittent back pain. He currently has disabling hip pain, associated with degenerative joint disease, and he plans hip replacement surgery in the next few weeks. He has had severe erectile dysfunction for about 8 years. Changes in his medications and a trial of silde-nafil did not improve sexual function. Mr P was formerly a heavy user of tobacco but stopped in 1982. He now smokes an occasional cigar. He drinks little or no alcohol, at most 2 beers daily. Over the years he has had little exercise but, as he notes below, had been more active physically in the past 2 years. There is a strong family history of obesity , arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and hypertension. On recent examination his blood pressure was 162/94 mm Hg supine at rest, with a large cuff. His pulse was 60/min and regular; he was not tachypneic. With a height of 70 in, he weighed 267 lb (120 kg); over the past 10 years his weight has varied from 245 lb to 280 lb. He has mild, nonprolifera-tive diabetic retinopathy but not hypertensive retinopathy. No cardiac abnormalities or signs of congestive heart failure were present. The lungs were clear, and examination of the abdomen revealed only abdominal obesity. Ankles demonstrated 2-plus pitting edema; peripheral pulses were Mr P has long-standing hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus and has experienced life-threatening car-diovascular events. Mr P is receiving evidence-based clinical care but has adhered to his medical regimen poorly and remains at considerable risk of future catastrophic …
Heavy quarkonium in a holographic QCD model

Encouraged by recent developments in AdS/QCD models for the light quark system, we study heavy quarkonium in the framework of the AdS/QCD models. We calculate the masses of cc vector meson states using the AdS/QCD models at zero and at finite temperature. Among the models adopted in this work, we find that the soft-wall model describes the low-lying heavy quark meson states at zero temperature relatively well. At finite temperature, we observe that once the bound state is above T{sub c}, its mass will increase with temperature until it dissociates at a temperature of around 494 MeV. It is shown that the dissociation temperature is fixed by the infrared cutoff of the models. The present model serves as a unified nonperturbative model to investigate the properties of bound quarkonium states above T{sub c}.
Co-Existence of Indigenous Rights and Other Interests in Land in Australia and Canada

In Wik Peoples v. Queensland, the High Court of Australia decided by a majority of four to three that the grant of pastoral leases by the Crown did not necessarily extinguish any Native title the Wik and Thayorre Peoples might have to the leased land. Given that approximately 42 percent of Australia is subject to pastoral leases, this decision is obviously of great importance. The issues raised in the case are also complex, involving the common law doctrines of tenures and estates, and the nature of Native title and of the interests created by pastoral leases. No attempt will be made in this short article to analyze or even explain all of these complexities. My modest goal is simply to summarize the positions taken in the four majority judgments on the issue of co-existence of Native title and pastoral leases, and to compare those positions with Canadian case law on the co-existence of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal interests in land.
RESIDENTIAL ON SITE SOLAR HEATING SYSTEMS: A PROJECT EVALUATION USING THE CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODEL

LBL-8298 C d- RECEIVEO l.AWRe:NCF~ BERl\lY.l,I: l.Ai30RATORV DEC 12 1978 L.ltir<AHV ANO DOCUMENTS SECTION TWO-WEEK LOAN COpy This is a Librar~ Circulating Cop~ which ma~ be borrowed for two weeJ~s. For a personal retention cop~, call Tech. In(~. ~i~is_ion, Ext. 6782 Residential On Site Solar Heating Systems: A ·p-r~ject Evaluation Using The Capital Asset Pricing Model I Stephen Richard Schutz M.S. thesis December 1978
Robust Tracking with Discriminative Ranking Middle-Level Patches

The appearance model has been shown to be essential for robust visual tracking since it is the basic criterion to locating targets in video sequences. Though existing tracking-by-detection algorithms have shown to be greatly promising, they still suffer from the drift problem, which is caused by updating appearance models. In this paper, we propose a new appearance model composed of ranking middle-level patches to capture more object distinctiveness than traditional tracking-by-detection models. Targets and backgrounds are represented by both low-level bottom-up features and high-level top-down patches, which can compensate each other. Bottom-up features are defined at the pixel level, and each feature gets its discrimination score through selective feature attention mechanism. In top-down feature extraction, rectangular patches are ranked according to their bottom-up discrimination scores, by which all of them are clustered into irregular patches, named ranking middle-level patches. In addition, at the stage of classifier training, the online random forests algorithm is specially refined to reduce drifting problems. Experiments on challenging public datasets and our test videos demonstrate that our approach can effectively prevent the tracker drifting problem and obtain competitive performance in visual tracking.
TRACKING BUBBLES IN HIGH-SPEED IMAGE SEQUENCES

In this study, we develop a semi-automatic system for tracking bubble s in image sequences. The vapor bubbles are generated on the surface of a heated tube in a boiling liquid. The images are taken with a speed of one thousand images per second via a high speed digi tal vi eo camera. Due to some physical properties such as the testing liquid, the surface structure of the heated tube, temperature, and pressure, there are many kinds of reflections on the bubbl images. Our system is robust against these reflections and is able to track the vapor bubble boundaries in an image sequence based on a manual selection of the bubble as a primitive in the first image and under the assumption of a circular shape. After the tracking, the bubble volumes c hanging in the bubble formation, and the bubble speed after the departure from the nucleation si te can be determined. These parameters are important in exploring a heat transfer re lationship between a given liquid and a heated tube.
Deep 10 and 18 Micron Imaging of the HR 4796A Circumstellar Disk: Transient Dust Particles and Tentative Evidence for a Brightness Asymmetry

We present new 10.8 and 18.2 μm images of HR 4796A, a young A0 V star that was recently discovered to have a spectacular, nearly edge-on, circumstellar disk prominent at ~ 20 μm (Jayawardhana and coworkers; Koerner and coworkers). These new images, obtained with OSCIR (the University of Florida Observatory Spectrometer/Camera for the Infrared) at Keck II, show that the disk's size at 10 μm is comparable to its size at 18 μm. Therefore, the 18 μm-emitting dust may also emit some, or all, of the 10 μm radiation. Using these multiwavelength images, we determine a "characteristic" diameter of 2-3 μm for the mid-infrared-emitting dust particles if they are spherical and composed of astronomical silicates. Particles this small are expected to be blown out of the system by radiation pressure in a few hundred years, and therefore these particles are unlikely to be primordial. Rather, as inferred in a companion paper (Wyatt and coworkers), they are probably products of collisions that dominate both the creation and the destruction of dust in the HR 4796A disk. Dynamical modeling of the disk, the details of which are presented in the companion paper, indicates that the disk surface density is relatively sharply peaked near 70 AU, which agrees with the mean annular radius deduced by Schneider and coworkers from their NICMOS images. Interior to 70 AU, the model density drops steeply by a factor of 2 between 70 and 60 AU, falling to zero by 45 AU, which corresponds to the edge of the previously discovered central hole; in the context of the dynamical models, this "soft" edge for the central hole occurs because the dust particle orbits are noncircular. The optical depth of mid-infrared-emitting dust in the hole is ~ 3% of the optical depth in the disk, and the hole is therefore relatively very empty. We present evidence (~ 1.8σ significance) for a brightness asymmetry that may result from the presence of the hole and the gravitational perturbation of the disk particle orbits by the low-mass stellar companion or a planet. This "pericenter glow," which must still be confirmed, results from a very small (a few AU) shift of the disk's center of symmetry relative to the central star HR 7496A; one side of the inner boundary of the annulus is shifted toward HR 4796A, thereby becoming warmer and more infrared-emitting. The possible detection of pericenter glow implies that the detection of even complex dynamical effects of planets on disks is within reach.
Efficient optimal surface detection: theory, implementation, and experimental validation

In this paper, a novel polynomial-time algorithm is described for solving the optimal net surface detection problem on proper ordered multi-column graphs in N-D space (N ≥ 3). The method is applied to searching for optimal object boundaries with arbitrary smoothness constraints in volumetric medical images. By simple transformations, such optimal surface detection problems can be simplified to a problem of computing the minimum s-t cuts in the transformed graphs. An efficient implementation for the 3-D case that can achieve near real-time performance on moderate-sized datasets is presented. We further examine our technique in experiments by segmenting the cylindrical surfaces of human airways from pulmonary volumetric CT images, and compare the results to those produced by previous methods. By allowing full specifications of the cost-function and smoothness constraints without degrading the performance, the new algorithm is more flexible than traditional methods and guarantees global optimality. The multi-dimensional nature of the algorithm maintains continuity in higher dimensions.
Muscle Fatigue and the Mechanisms of Task Failure

HUNTER, S. K. , J. DUCHATEAU, and R. M. ENOKA. Muscle fatigue and the mechanisms of task failure. Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev., Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 44–49, 2004. An alternative approach in the study of muscle fatigue is to address the question, “What causes task failure during a fatiguing contraction? ” This approach is described by considering how variation in the type of load supported and contraction intensity influence both the time to task failure and the centrally mediated adjustments in reflex activity and motor unit behavior.
MISO Luo DC-DC converter for renewable energy applications

Renewable energy resources have astonishing capabilities to fulfill ever increasing future demands if utilized properly. Changing climatic conditions is a major inherent drawback associated with it and MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) is one of the techniques used to overcome it (wind and solar). This paper has proposed a negative output super lift Luo converter which is integrated with multiple sources for reducing passive elements. The proposed MISO (Multiple Input Single Output) topology can be used for low or high power applications and can be extended to interface any number of sources having different characteristics. In case used for renewable sources' grid integration, it can extract maximum power from each source with its own MPPT controller. It also has a bidirectional battery storage port that improves reliability of the system. These systems are simulated in MATLAB software environment and results are obtained.
Photon production from non-equilibrium QGP in heavy ion collisions

We present a calculation of thermal photon production, i.e. photons from secondary interactions among particles produced in heavy ion collisions at collider energies. This is done within the framework of hydrodynamics. We take into account the lack of chemical equilibrium in QGP. It turns out that the main effects from the chemical non-equilibrium composition of QGP, reduction of particle number and increase in temperature, nearly cancel in the photon spectrum.
The Gulf War and the new world order : international relations of the Middle East

Part 1 The Gulf War and the International Order: Reflections on the Gulf War Experience - Force and War in the UN System, Richard Falk The United Nations in the Gulf War, Robert Springborg Bush's New World Order - A Structural Analysis of Instability and Conflict in the Gulf, Yasumasa Kuroda The European Community's Middle Eastern Policy - The New Order of Europe and the Gulf Crisis, Friedemann Buettner and Martin Landgraf Regional Co-operation and Security in the Middle East - The Role of the European Community, Timothy Niblock Japan - An Economic Superpower in Search of Its Proper Political Role in the Post-Cold War Era, Yasumasa Kuroda. Part 2 The United States and the New World Order: Between Theory and Fact - Explaining US Behaviour in the Gulf Crisis, Shibley Telhami The New World Order and the Gulf War - Rhetoric, Policy, and Politics in the United States, Enid Hill The Making of the New World Order - The Role of the Media, Malcolm Hayward Defeating the Vietman Syndrome - The Military, the Media, and the Gulf War, Andrew T. Parasiliti. Part 3 The Gulf War and the Middle East Order: Iraq and the New World Order, Marion Farouk-Sluglett and Peter Sluglett Iran and the New World Order, Scheherazade Daneshkhu The Gulf War, the Palestinians, and the New World Order, Cheryl A. Rubenberg Israel and the New World Order, Meir Porat Jordan and the Gulf War, Kamel S. Abu Jaber Syria, the Kuwait War, and the New World Order, Eberhard Kienle Imagining Egypt in the New Age - Civil Society and the Leftist Critique, Raymond W. Baker Turkey, the Gulf Crisis, and the New World Order, Tozun Bahcheli. Part 4 Political Trends and Cultural Patterns: The Middle East in the New World Order - Political Trends, Louis J. Cantori Islam, Democracy, and the Arab Future - Contested Islam in the Gulf Crisis, Raymond Baker Islam at War and Communism in Retreat - What Is the Connection? by Ali A. Mazrui Global Apartheid? Race and Religion in the New World Order, Ali A. Mazrui Democracy Died at the Gulf, Richard A. Falk.
On-body activity recognition in a dynamic sensor network

Recognizing user activities using body-worn, miniaturized sensor nodes enables wearable computers to act context-aware. This paper describes how online activity recognition algorithms can be run on the SensorButton, our miniaturized wireless sensor platform. We present how the activity recognition algorithms have been optimized to be run online on our sensor platform, and how the execution can be distributed to the wireless sensor network. The resulting algorithm has been implemented as a custom, platform-specific executable as well as integrated into TinyOS. A comparison shows that the TinyOS executable is using about 7kB more code memory, while both implementations classify the activity in up to 18 classifications per second.
Increased body fat in mice with a targeted mutation of the paternally expressed imprinted gene Peg3

Peg3 encodes a C2H2 type zinc finger protein that is implicated in a novel physiological pathway regulating core body temperature, feeding behavior, and obesity in mice. Peg3+/− mutant mice develop an excess of abdominal, subcutaneous, and intra‐scapular fat, despite a lifetime of lower food intake than wild‐type animals. However, they start life with reduced fat reserves and are slower to enter puberty. These mice maintain a lower core body temperature, fail to respond to a cold challenge, and have lower metabolic activity as measured by oxygen consumption. Plasma leptin levels are significantly higher than in wild types, and Peg3+/− mice appear to have developed leptin resistance. Administration of exogenous leptin resulted in a significant reduction in food intake in wild‐type mice that was not observed in Peg3+/− mutants. This mutation, which is strongly expressed in hypothalamic tissue during development, has the capacity to regulate multiple events relating to energy homeostasis.
Different Cube Computation Approaches : Survey Paper

Efficient computation of aggregations plays important role in Data Warehouse systems. Multidimensional data analysis applications aggregate data across many dimensions looking for anomalies or unusual patterns. The SQL aggregate functions and the GROUP BY operator are used for aggregation. But Data analysis applications need the N-dimensional generalization of these operators. Data Cube is introduced which is a way of structuring data in N-dimensions so as to perform analysis over some measure of interest. Data cube computation is essential task in data warehouse implementation. The precomputation of all or part of a data cube can greatly reduce the response time and enhance the performance of on-line analytical processing. There are several methods for cube computation, several strategies to cube materialization and some specific computation algorithms, namely Multiway array aggregation, BUC, Star Cubing, the computation of shell fragments and parallel algorithms. But these techniques have limitation so new MapReduce based approach is used. Keywords— Data Cubes, Cube Computation Techniques, Star Cubing, BUC, MapReduce
Design and simulation of a 900 MHz rectifier for Rectenna application

Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) plays an important role of delivering power from a source to end device without wires or contacts. This is achieved by using a Rectenna which is a combination of an antenna and the rectifier. The antenna is used to receive the RF signal and rectifier is used for converting the Received RF/Microwave signal into DC signal. The impedance of the antenna and the rectifier is matched by using the impedance matching circuit. In this work, the design and simulation of Rectifier and matching circuit are carried out at 900 MHz GSM signal using Advanced Design System Software. The lumped constants of the rectifier are optimized using ADS software. The Agilent HSMS 2862 Schottky diode is used for rectification. From the simulation results, DC output power, voltage, current and efficiency are plotted with respect to the input power. A matching circuit is designed using an ideal transmission line model for matching the impedances of the source and the rectifier. This Rectifier is used for Rectenna applications.
Saving the City: The Great Financial Crisis of 1914

PART I BREAKDOWN 1. House Closed 2. Bolt from the Blue 3. Worst Days PART II CONTAINMENT 4. Bankers Scheme 5. Treasury View 6. War Conference 7. Banks Reopen PART III REVIVAL AND REPRESSION 8. Cold Storage 9. Fixing the Foreign Exchanges 10. House Open PART IV PERSPECTIVES 11. Global Financial Crisis 12. Perspectives and Conclusions
Unilateral cochlear ablation produces greater loss of inhibition in the contralateral inferior colliculus

Bilateral cochlear ablation leads to a profound weakening of synaptic inhibition within the inferior colliculus (IC) of gerbils [Vale & Sanes (2000) J. Neurosci. , 20, 1912–1921]. To examine whether unilateral deafening leads to similar functional alterations, we studied the effect of unilateral cochlear ablation on inhibitory synaptic properties both ipsilateral and contralateral to the deafened ear. Lateral lemniscal and commissure of the IC‐evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) were recorded in an IC brain slice preparation using whole‐cell and gramicidin perforated‐patch electrodes in the presence of kynurenic acid. Unilateral cochlear ablation led to a 23 mV depolarizing shift in the IPSC equilibrium potential for IC neurons contralateral to the deafened ear, but only a 10 mV depolarization in the ipsilateral IC. Lateral lemniscal‐evoked inhibitory synaptic conductance declined significantly in the ipsilateral and contralateral IC, whereas commissural‐evoked inhibitory synaptic conductance declined only contralateral to the ablated cochlea. An analysis of paired‐pulse facilitation showed that inhibitory transmitter release was more affected ipsilateral to the ablated cochlea. Thus, unilateral cochlear ablation modifies inhibitory synapses in the inferior colliculus, but these changes appear to be dominated by postsynaptic alterations in the contralateral IC, and by presynaptic changes in the ipsilateral IC.