Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Recombinant Rat 175-kDa Hyaluronan Receptor for Endocytosis (HARE)*

Hyaluronan (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) clearance from lymph and blood in mammals is mediated by the HA receptor for endocytosis (HARE), which is present as two isoforms in rat and human (175/300 kDa and 190/315 kDa, respectively) in the sinusoidal endothelial cells of liver, spleen, and lymph nodes (Zhou, B., McGary, C. T., Weigel, J. A., Saxena, A., and Weigel, P. H. (2003) Glycobiology 13, 339–349). The small rat and human HARE proteins are not encoded directly by mRNA but are derived from larger precursors. Here we characterize the specificity and function of the 175-kDa HARE, expressed in the absence of the 300-kDa species, in stably transfected SK-Hep-1 cells. The HARE cDNA was fused with a leader sequence to allow correct orientation of the membrane protein. The recombinant rHARE contained ∼25 kDa of N-linked oligosaccharides and, like the native protein, was able to bind HA in a ligand blot assay, even after de-N-glycosylation. SK-HARE cell lines demonstrated specific 125I-HA endocytosis, receptor recycling, and delivery of HA to lysosomes for degradation. The Kd for the binding of HA (number-average molecular mass ∼ 133 kDa) to the 175-kDa HARE at 4 °C was 4.1 nm with 160,000 to 220,000 HA-binding sites per cell. The 175-kDa rHARE binds HA, dermatan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfates A, C, D, and E, but not chondroitin, heparin, heparan sulfate, or keratan sulfate. Surprisingly, recognition of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) other than HA by native or recombinant HARE was temperature-dependent. Although competition was observed at 37 °C, none of the other GAGs competed for 125I-HA binding to SK-HARE cells at 4 °C. Anti-HARE monoclonal antibody-174 showed a similar temperature-dependence in its ability to block HA endocytosis. These data suggest that temperature-induced conformational changes may alter the GAG specificity of HARE. The results confirm that the 175-kDa rHARE does not require the larger HARE isoform to mediate endocytosis of multiple GAGs.
Picosecond conformational transition and equilibration of a cyclic peptide

Ultrafast IR spectroscopy is used to monitor the nonequilibrium backbone dynamics of a cyclic peptide in the amide I vibrational range with picosecond time resolution. A conformational change is induced by means of a photoswitch integrated into the peptide backbone. Although the main conformational change of the backbone is completed after only 20 ps, the subsequent equilibration in the new region of conformational space continues for times >16 ns. Relaxation and equilibration processes of the peptide backbone occur on a discrete hierarchy of time scales. Albeit possessing only a few conformational degrees of freedom compared with a protein, the peptide behaves highly nontrivially and provides insights into the complexity of fast protein folding.
Serum Soluble Fas in Patients with Schistosomal Cor pulmonale

Background: Schistosomal cor pulmonale is considered an important pathological condition in endemic areas. Few recent studies have reported the role of apoptosis in pulmonary hypertension. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess serum levels of soluble Fas (sFas), an inhibitor of apoptosis, in patients with schistosomal cor pulmonale as compared to patients with cor pulmonale due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and normal subjects. Methods: Serum sFas was assessed in 15 men with schistosomal cor pulmonale (age 32 ± 10 years), 15 men with chronic cor pulmonale secondary to COPD and 20 healthy men, matched for age. Results: Serum levels of sFas were significantly higher in patients with schistosomal cor pulmonale (74 ± 80 U/ml) than in patients with cor pulmonale due to COPD (15 ± 10 U/ml) and normal subjects (19 ± 11 U/ml, p < 0.001 in both). In patients with schistosomal cor pulmonale, sFas was significantly higher in patients with mean pulmonary artery pressure >30 mm Hg as compared to patients with pressure ≤30 mm Hg (109 ± 97 vs. 34 ± 20 U/ml, p = 0.01). There was a significant correlation between serum sFas and the mean pulmonary artery pressure in patients with bilharzial cor pulmonale (r = 0.4, p < 0.01), but not in patients with COPD (r = 0.1, p = NS). Conclusions: Serum sFas levels are elevated in patients with schistosomal cor pulmonale and they are related to the severity of pulmonary hypertension. These findings suggest a role of apoptosis in schistosomal cor pulmonale.
Predictive value of PCA3 in urinary sediments in determining clinico‐pathological characteristics of prostate cancer

PCA3 urine tests have shown to improve the specificity in prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, and have thus the potential to reduce the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies and to predict repeat biopsy outcomes. In this study, PCA3 was correlated with clinical stage, biopsy Gleason score (GS), radical prostatectomy GS, tumor volume, and pathological stage to assess its potential as predictor of PCa aggressiveness.
Rewards-based negotiation for providing context information

How to provide appropriate context information is a challenging problem in context-aware computing. Most existing approaches use a centralized selection mechanism to decide which context information is appropriate. In this paper, we propose a novel approach based on negotiation with rewards to solving such problem. Distributed context providers negotiate with each other to decide who can provide context and how they allocate proceeds. In order to support our approach, we have designed a concrete negotiation model with rewards. We also evaluate our approach and show that it indeed can choose an appropriate context provider and allocate the proceeds fairly.
An anatomically based model of small intestine excitation

Electrical and magnetic fields are generated by the smooth muscle's electrical activity in the walls of the gastrointestinal system. These fields can be measured on the torso surface. We present a computational model that is capable of simulating the electrical activity occurring within the small intestine. Finite elements were used to represent the geometry of the small intestine. A finer resolution finite difference mesh was defined within this geometrical mesh and used to solve the equations governing the activation of the intestinal smooth muscle. Initial simulations were performed to illustrate the spread of potential along the small intestine. With further development this model will provide a basis for understanding and interpreting noninvasive magnetic measurements from intestinal smooth muscle.
Susceptibility to peer pressure and attachment to friends

The role of attachment to friends in the explanation of adolescents’ susceptibility to peer pressure was explored, regarding the way these two constructs are measured. In Study 1, 475 high school students (194 boys and 281 girls) were given Susceptibility to Peer Pressure Questionnaire, and their attachment to friends was measured with Modified Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory and Relationship Scales Questionnaire. One month later, 80 boys and 80 girls participated in Study 2, where they completed the same Susceptibility to Peer Pressure Questionnaire in a chat-room simulation, convinced that they can see other students’ answers and that their own answers could be seen by others. When susceptibility to peer pressure was measured by self-report questionnaire, the level of avoidance proved to be a significant predictor for boys, while the level of anxiety and the model of others were significant predictors for girls. When susceptibility to peer pressure was measured experimentally, the results showed that attachment dimensions predict only girls’ susceptibility and that the only significant predictor is their model of others.
Hypoxia and iodoacetic acid and alveolocapillary barrier permeability to albumin.

GOODALE, ROBERT L. , BOYD GOETZMAN, AND MAURICE B. VISSCHER. Hypoxia and ioduacetic acid and alveohzpillary barrier permeability to albumin, Am. J. Physiol. 219(5): 12264230. 1970Perfusion studies at controlled flow rates using the isolated left lower lobe of the canine lung were performed under normal oxygen tensions and under conditions of low 0, tension, averaging 12 mm Hg. The average permeability coefficient of the alveolocapillary membrane to serum albumin -1311 placed in Tyrode solution-filled alveoli was calculated to be 2.85 cm se@ x 1 O* based on vascular appearance rates. This absolute value has uncertainties which are enumerated. Under conditions of marked hypoxia, there was no significant effect upon the appearance rates or the calculated permeability of the alveolocapillary membrane during the periods studied. When sodium iodoacetate, 2 IXLM, was added to the fluid perfusing the hypoxic lungs, however, an increase in appearance rates and permeability was detected within 22 min and became progressively greater with time. The average observed maximum increase in permeability was 36 times the control. It is concluded that this poison causes an increase in alveolocapillary permeability to protein.
Position Paper: From Enterprise Architectures to Software Architectures using Requirements Engineering

Enterprise architectures represent business objectives that can be extracted during requirements engineering. After gathering these objectives in form of requirements the resulting specifications must be translated into software architectures for later implementation. This transition has proven to be a nontrivial task. Even though requirements engineering and software architectures are well established areas in the software engineering domain we still lack fundamental guidelines and rules for the bridging between these two stages. This paper presents our research position by proposing a flexible and adaptive process framework to relate software requirements based on enterprise architectures and software architectures.
HPLC-DAD analysis of Thymus serpyllum based natural pigments and investigation of their antimicrobial properties

Purpose – In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of natural pigments prepared from Thymus serpyllum. Design/methodology/approach – Al (III), Fe (II), Sn (II) and Cu (II) complexed natural pigments were obtained by using a precipitation method and the main constituents in the pigments were identified with HPLC-DAD. Also FTIR analysis was performed for further structural characterization. Moreover, the thermal stability and thermal degradation properties of the pigments were analyzed by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). The antimicrobial activity of the thyme plant-extracted pigments was evaluated by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentration. Findings – Apigenin and luteolin flavones were detected as the main components of the natural dyes. Thermal degradation behaviour of the pigments was determined by means of TGA. All pigments showed high char yields and it was attributed to the high complexation between the metal and the ligand species. The antimicrobial activity of.
Creating and Sustaining Inclusive Instructional Settings for English Language Learners: Why, What, and How

In this article, we provide an empirically based framework for school leaders to support the replacement of separate means of providing services for English learners (ELs) with more inclusive learning supports. The framework encompasses evidence on cultivating language proficiency, ensuring access to a high-quality curriculum, and promoting sociocultural integration. To illustrate the ways that research has informed practice to better meet the needs of ELs, we also present initiatives by the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction that have helped propel a vision of equity and diversity at both the school and district level. We conclude by providing additional resources that leaders can use to promote the professional growth of the school.
Glucocorticoid receptor interaction with TrkB promotes BDNF-triggered PLC-γ signaling for glutamate release via a glutamate transporter

An increase in glucocorticoid levels and down-regulation of BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) are supposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders. However, possible crosstalk between glucocorticoid- and BDNF-mediated neuronal functions in the CNS has not been elucidated. Here, we examined whether chronic glucocorticoid exposure influences BDNF-triggered intracellular signaling for glutamate release via a glutamate transporter. We found that chronic exposure to dexamethasone (DEX, a synthetic glucocorticoid) suppressed BDNF-induced glutamate release via weakening the activation of the PLC-γ (phospholipase C-γ)/Ca2+ system in cultured cortical neurons. We demonstrated that the GR (glucocorticoid receptor) interacts with receptor tyrosine kinase for BDNF (TrkB). Following DEX treatment, TrkB-GR interaction was reduced due to the decline in GR expression. Corticosterone, a natural glucocorticoid, also reduced TrkB-GR interaction, BDNF-stimulated PLC-γ, and BDNF-triggered glutamate release. Interestingly, BDNF-dependent binding of PLC-γ to TrkB was diminished by DEX. SiRNA transfection to induce a decrease in endogenous GR mimicked the inhibitory action of DEX. Conversely, DEX-inhibited BDNF-activated PLC-γ signaling for glutamate release was recovered by GR overexpression. We propose that TrkB-GR interaction plays a critical role in the BDNF-stimulated PLC-γ pathway, which is required for glutamate release, and the decrease in TrkB-GR interaction caused by chronic exposure to glucocorticoids results in the suppression of BDNF-mediated neurotransmitter release via a glutamate transporter.
Phase Noise and Fundamental Sensitivity of Oscillator-Based Reactance Sensors

<? Pub Dtl? >This paper investigates the fundamental sensitivity of oscillator-based reactance sensors, which are widely used in numerous types of biomedical sensing applications. We first show that the intrinsic sensitivity is limited by the <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$1/{ f}^{3}$</tex></formula> phase noise of the sensing oscillators. To achieve sensor detection sensitivity below this limit, a correlated double counting (CDC) noise suppression scheme is proposed to cancel the correlated <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$1/{ f}^{3}$</tex></formula> phase noise in differential frequency detections. The suppression effect of the CDC scheme is thoroughly modeled. Moreover, the CDC scheme is extended to a high-order configuration, called the Interleaving-N CDC, to further improve the frequency resolution. In addition, we show that the weighting sequence on the Interleaving-N CDC data can be optimized as a digital noise filter to maximize the noise suppression. Given a sensing oscillator with any phase-noise profile, a general weighting optimization method is proposed based on the minimum variance distortion less response. As an example, an oscillator-based inductive magnetic sensor array in a 45-nm CMOS silicon-on-insulator process is implemented with the proposed CDC scheme. It achieves a noise suppression of 10.4 dB with basic CDC sheme and a frequency resolution of 0.128 parts per million for Interleaving-N CDC scheme, both with negligible power overhead. This enables inductance-change detection sensitivity of 0.41 fH for a low-<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$Q$</tex></formula> on-chip 1.6-nH inductor with a quality factor of only 4.95.
Developmental progression of subtraction strategies : a comparison of mathematically normal and mathematically disabled children

ABSTRACT This study was designed to investigate the character and extent of differences between mathematically disabled children (MD children) and their mathematically normal peers as reflected in the use of task‐specific strategies for solving basic fact problems in subtraction as children move up through primary school, that is from the 1st to 7th grade. The pattern of development showed the MD children as being characterized by: (1) use of back‐up strategies only, (2) use of primary back‐up strategies, (3) small degree of variation in the use of strategy variants and (4) limited degree of change in the use of strategies from year to year through the primary school. Early and striking convergence of the developmental curves supported the suggestion that the acquisition of strategy skills by MD children follows a sequence that is fundamentally different (not only delayed) from that observed in normal achievers. The findings highlight the MD children's need for mathematics instruction to shift from comput.
The Positive Emotion of Elevation

The previously unstudied emotion of elevation is described. Elevation appears to be the opposite of social disgust. It is triggered by witnessing acts of human moral beauty or virtue. Elevation involves a warm or glowing feeling in the chest, and it makes people want to become morally better themselves. Because elevation increases one’s desire to affiliate with and help others, it provides a clear illustration of Fredrickson’s (2000) broaden-and-build model of the positive emotions.
Inner Vision : Seeing the Mind ’ s Eye

Does imagining a visual pattern involve the same mechanisms as actually seeing that pattern? If so, what are the functional consequences of this overlap? A new study shows that the simple act of imagining a visual pattern can change subsequent visual perception in a manner specific to the lowlevel perceptual mechanisms. This work is strong evidence that imagery involves mechanisms closely resembling those of normal visual perception. Joel Pearson University of New South Wales School of Psychology Our ability to consciously experience the world around us has been dubbed one of the most amazing, yet enigmatic, processes under scientific investigation today (Koch, 2004). However, if we stop for a moment and think about it, our ability to imagine the world around us, in the absence of stimulation from that world, is perhaps even more amazing. To imagine the world gives us the ability to experience it as it is not, or as it might be in the future. This imaginative capacity, to experience objects or scenarios that do not necessarily exist in the real world, is perhaps one of the fundamental abilities that allows us to so successfully think about and plan future events. In a form of mental time travel, we can beam ourselves into the future and simulate an event, thus enabling us to imagine giving that talk in front of a huge audience or relaxing on holiday next week. Our possibly unique ability to imagine things that do not exist or are yet to take place, enables us to run a dress rehearsal of possible future events in our mind’s eye. For such a ubiquitous and important cognitive ability, little is known regarding the characteristics, mechanism(s), and limitations of mental imagery. There has been an ongoing debate regarding whether mental images are pictorial in a sensory manner like normal vision, or whether they are symbolic, without such sensory embodiment, more similar to cognitive thoughts (Kosslyn, Ganis, & Thompson, 2001; Pylyshyn, 2003; Slotnick, 2008; see figure 1). * School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2052. jpearson@unsw.edu. au Psyche, Volume 16, number 1 Inner Vision 2 Figure 1. Visual imagery: pictorial or symbolic? What is it like to imagine an apple? Is the experience and corresponding neural processes pictorial, much like a weak version of visual perception or is the whole process more symbolic, like non-sensory thoughts or
Neural Substrates of the Development of Cognitive Control in Children Ages 5–10 Years

Cognitive conflict detection and resolution develops with age across childhood and likely supports age-related increases in other aspects of cognitive and emotional development. Little is known about the neural correlates of conflict detection and resolution in early childhood. In the current study, we investigated age-related change in neural recruitment during a blocked spatial-incompatibility task (Simon task) in children ages 5–10 years using fMRI. Cortical thickness was measured using structural MRI. Across all children, there was greater activation in right prefrontal and bilateral parietal cortices for incompatible than compatible conditions. In older children, compared with younger children, there was decreased activation and decreased gray matter thickness in the medial PFC. Thickness and activation changes across age were associated within participants, such that thinner cortex was associated with less activation in the rostral ACC. These findings suggest that developmental change in medial PFC activation supports performance on cognitive control tasks in early childhood.
Challenges and Success Factors for Large-scale Agile Transformations: A Research Proposal and a Pilot Study

Agile methods have become an appealing alternative for large companies striving to improve their performance, even though the methods were originally designed for small, single teams. Our recently performed systematic literature review on large-scale agile transformations revealed that despite the popularity of the topic in the industry, it has received very little research attention, as almost 90% of the selected papers were experience reports. In our literature study, we identified 35 challenges grouped into nine categories, and 29 success factors grouped into eleven categories. In this research proposal we suggest a survey research to understand these factors with a larger population of companies. The purpose is to validate and deepen our literature study findings. We report the findings from a pilot study performed in the XP2016 Large-scale agile workshop, where we received 19 answers to the survey and several comments from 16 persons participating in the WorldCafe discussion groups. The improved survey will be rolled out to a large number of companies.
Energy detection in full-duplex cognitive radios under residual self-interference

This paper investigates the possibility to exploit inband full-duplex wireless technology for simultaneous spectrum sensing and data transmission in cognitive radio terminals. The focus is especially on the receiver operating characteristics of basic energy detection. Full-duplex operation suffers from self-interference, even after cancellation since it is imperfect in prac-tice. The effect on the probability of missed detection is analyzed, and increasing sensing time is proposed as a countermeasure for residual distortion which, unlike in half-duplex operation, does not cause large overhead due to lost transmission opportunities. The study also compares the two- and single-antenna implementations of full-duplex radios and elicits a channel imbalance problem in the former due to which sensing provides different information than the transmitting antenna would observe.
Brightness alteration with interweaving contours

Chromatic induction is observed whenever the perceived colour of a target surface shifts towards the hue of a neighbouring surface. Some vivid manifestations may be seen in a white background where thin coloured lines have been drawn (assimilation) or when lines of different colours are collinear (neon effect) or adjacent (watercolour) to each other. This study examines a particular colour induction that manifests in concomitance with an opposite effect of colour saturation (or anti-spread). The two phenomena can be observed when a repetitive pattern is drawn in which outline thin contours intercept wider contours or surfaces, colour spreading appear to fill the surface occupied by surfaces or thick lines whereas the background traversed by thin lines is seen as brighter or filled of a saturated white. These phenomena were first observed by Bozzi (1975) and Kanizsa (1979) in figural conditions that did not allow them to document their conjunction. Here we illustrate various manifestations of this twofold phenomenon and compare its effects with the known effects of brightness and colour induction. Some conjectures on the nature of these effects are discussed.