Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estudo sobre a estrutura de capital das empresas brasileiras no período pós Plano Real (1995-2005)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os determinantes da estrutura de capital nas empresas brasileiras de capital aberto, no periodo de 1995 a 2005. Apos estabelecer o referencial analitico a partir da revisao bibliografica, foram usados procedimentos quantitativos e qualitativos. Do ponto de vista quantitativo, a tecnica econometrica selecionada foi a de painel equilibrado, adicionalmente ao uso de analise fatorial e do modelo de equacoes estruturais para confirmacao de um modelo sem omissao de variaveis. Para verificacao de consistencia de resultados, foram rodadas regressoes com diferentes alternativas de proxies de endividamento e em diferentes subperiodos. Ao mesmo tempo foi feito um levantamento qualitativo junto a executivos de alto nivel, buscando entender o comportamento destes agentes. Os resultados econometricos obtidos pela analise fatorial, equacao estrutural e pela tecnica de painel, determinaram como significantes as variaveis ligadas ao desempenho financeiro (rentabilidade e lucratividade, tanto no nivel operacional como no geral) e a liquidez da empresa com correlacao negativa com a estrutura de endividamento da empresa. Esse resultado esta em linha com boa parte dos trabalhos conduzidos no Brasil, reforcando a teoria do pecking order de hierarquia de escolha do endividamento. Comportamento esse corroborado pelos gestores que optaram pela prioridade a liquidez sobre a rentabilidade localmente. Alem disso, o tamanho das empresas mostrou ser significativo nas regressoes do endividamento das empresas, dando vantagens as grandes empresas em relacao as menores. Tambem foi verificado um comportamento dinâmico de ajustamento de endividamento em torno de um alvo, compativel com a teoria do Trade-off dinâmico, nesse caso de baixa velocidade. Custos de transacao e taxas de juros reais estratosfericas poderiam estar por tras desse comportamento, reforcando o fato de que a maximizacao de resultados, embora fundamental, ficaria em segundo plano, em relacao a liquidez ou a outras variaveis estrategicas no Brasil.
Cube-Supersaturated Graphs and Related Problems

In this paper we shall consider ordinary graphs, that is, graphs without loops and multiple edges . Given a graph L, ex(n , L) will denote the maximum number of edges a graph G" of order n can have without containing any L . Determining ex(n,L), or at least finding good bounds on it will be called TURÁN TYPE EXTREMAL PROBLEM. Assume that a graph G" has E > ex(n , L) edges. Then it must contain some copies of L . Such a graph will be called supersaturated, or L-supersaturated . Lsupersaturated graphs mostly contain not only one, but very many copies of L . The problem discussed here (and called "the problem of L-supersaturated graphs") is Determine the minimum number of copies of L a graph G" with E>ex(n,L) edges must contain . The main results of this paper are two "recursion theorems" motivated by the case when L is the graph determined by the vertices and edges of a cube . Notation Below we shall consider ordinary graphs, that is, graphs without loops and multiple edges . G,H, . ,S and G",H", . , S" will denote graphs and the upper indices will always denote the number of vertices . Also, we shall use v(G), e(G) and X(G) to indicate the number of vertices, edges, and the chromatic number, respectively . Kp is the complete graph on p vertices, Cp is the cycle of length p, K,, , ,, denotes the complete bipartite graph with p and q vertices in its color-classes . G (A , B) denotes the bipartite subgraph of G induced by A and B, (A n B = 0) .
Image Denoising Using Hybrid Model with Edge Preserving Capability

The use of partial differential equations in image processing and computer vision has increased dramatically in recent years. The paper address to image denoising. A new model is introduced by extending alphabetaomega (ABO)-model in order to get high fidelity of the denoised images. To solve the model efficiently and reliably, we suggest a simple and symmetrical difference schemes and incorporate them with the essentially nondissipative difference (ENoD) schemes. We remove the impulse and Gaussian noises from different images and compare the PSNR values of the results with traditional filters. Numerical experimental results have shown the new model's effectiveness in restoring images, especially in edge preservation and enhancement
A Process-Management Environment for the Development of Complex Products

Process management systems are used to control and guide development activities in order to shorten development cycles and to enhance the quality of the product. Available systems are based on diierent paradigms which restrict the exibility and adaptability of those systems. We develop a model for process management which is based on a sound data model. We have identiied several requirements a model must meet. These are support of diierent levels of knowledge, adaptability, support of dynamic changes, and easy understandability by end users. With the aid of a sample design process we demonstrate the requirements and the use of process management systems. A computational model for process management is proposed which is formalized by programmed graph rewriting. A mechanism for change management is proposed, which is necessary to overcome the inherent uncertainty in project management.
Facial Animation Using Emotional Model

Recent 3D graphics hardware technologies have made it possible to create visually realistic 3D characters and 3D scenes in real time. And then, the video game has become one of the main applications of 3D graphics technologies. However, behaviors of non player characters (NPCs) in video games are not satisfactory because they are still predefined and then very simple. To attract game players, NPCs should have more complicated behaviors like the human. Facial expression is one of the most important factors for such a humanlike NPC. In this paper, the authors propose an NPC which interacts with the human. The NPC changes its facial expression according to its emotion during the interaction. For realizing such an NPC, the authors implemented a neural network based emotional model unit. By some experiments, this paper also shows that the NPC can change its facial expression according to its emotion like the human
On-Line Video Event Detection by Constraint Flow

We present a novel approach in describing and detecting the composite video events based on scenarios, which constrain the configurations of target events by temporal-logical structures of primitive events. We propose a new scenario description method to represent composite events more fluently and efficiently, and discuss an on-line event detection algorithm based on a combinatorial optimization. For this purpose, constraint flow-a dynamic configuration of scenario constraints-is first generated automatically by our scenario parsing algorithm. Then, composite event detection is formulated by a constrained discrete optimization problem, whose objective is to find the best video interpretation with respect to the constraint flow. Although the search space for the optimization problem is prohibitively large, our on-line event detection algorithm based on constraint flow using dynamic programming reduces the search space dramatically, handles preprocessing errors effectively, and guarantees a globally optimal solution. Experimental results on natural videos demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Orbitally paced phosphogenesis in Mediterranean shallow marine carbonates during the middle Miocene Monterey event

During the Oligo‐Miocene, major phases of phosphogenesis occurred in the Earth's oceans. However, most phosphate deposits represent condensed or allochthonous hemipelagic deposits, formed by complex physical and chemical enrichment processes, limiting their applicability for the study regarding the temporal pacing of Miocene phosphogenesis. The Oligo‐Miocene Decontra section located on the Maiella Platform (central Apennines, Italy) is a widely continuous carbonate succession deposited in a mostly middle to outer neritic setting. Of particular interest are the well‐winnowed grain to packstones of the middle Miocene Bryozoan Limestone, where occurrences of authigenic phosphate grains coincide with the prominent carbon isotope excursion of the Monterey event. This unique setting allows the analysis of orbital forcing on phosphogenesis, within a bio, chemo, and cyclostratigraphically constrained age‐model. LA‐ICP‐MS analyses revealed a significant enrichment of uranium in the studied authigenic phosphates compared to the surrounding carbonates, allowing natural gamma‐radiation (GR) to be used as a qualitative proxy for autochthonous phosphate content. Time series analyses indicate a strong 405 kyr eccentricity forcing of GR in the Bryozoan Limestone. These results link maxima in the GR record and thus phosphate content to orbitally paced increases in the burial of organic carbon, particularly during the carbon isotope maxima of the Monterey event. Thus, phosphogenesis during the middle Miocene in the Mediterranean was controlled by the 405 kyr eccentricity and its influence on large‐scale paleoproductivity patterns. Rare earth element data were used as a tool to reconstruct the formation conditions of the investigated phosphates, indicating generally oxic formation conditions, which are consistent with microbially mediated phosphogenesis.
The Abc of Community Emergency Care 8 Management of Allergy, Rashes, and Itching Basic Physiology and Pathology Underlying Allergic Causes of Rashes and Itching

T he vast majority of skin problems that present in the community are minor in nature. Unfortunately, very occasionally, the development of seemingly innocuous symptoms such as a rash and/or itching can be the presenting symptoms of a life threatening condition— namely anaphylaxis or meningococcal septicaemia. While other clinical conditions can mimic both anaphylaxis and meningitis, especially in the early stages, there are usually clues in the presentation that help to minimise the delays in administering appropriate therapy. It is not possible in this article to cover all potential causes of a rash and/or itching. Rather, this chapter aims to focus on important conditions that require recognition, treatment, and possible referral in the acute prehospital setting. Box 1 lists the objectives of this article. c Allergic reactions are linked to the release of chemical mediators, which are released from mast cells in a process known as degranulation. 1 This occurs when an allergen cross links with immunoglobulin E (IgE) bound to receptors on mast cells. These chemicals are either released immediately (immediate allergic reaction), or after a few hours (late phase response). This timing helps to guide appropriate treatment. PRIMARY SURVEY Assess for an ABC problem in patients with itching and/or a rash (see box 2): The recognition of developing airway obstruction is critical, particularly in the presence of anaphylaxis. Patients may complain initially of a feeling of tightening in the throat, be unable to Box 1 Article objectives With regard to the presentation of a rash and/or itching: c To understand the basic physiology and pathology underlying allergic causes of rashes and itching c To perform a primary survey of the patient and treat any immediately life threatening problems c To identify any patients who have a normal primary survey but have an obvious need for hospital admission c To perform a secondary survey incorporating other body systems that may be affected by a rash and/or itching c To consider a list of differential diagnoses c Discuss treatment based on the probable diagnosis(es) c Discuss appropriate patient follow up c Describe who can be safely considered for home treatment Box 2 Primary survey Arrange immediate treatment and transfer to hospital if any of the following are present: c Signs of airway obstruction c
RepliCache: A New Approach to Scalable Network Storage System for Large Objects

This paper comtemplates two important information-provisioning pradigms - caching and replication, and proposes a new approach on network storage system in order to meet the increasing demands for large (cid:12)les. The key idea of our system is to have two tailor-made servers for large and small object, respectively. Modi(cid:12)ed proxy cache is responsible for store and deliver small objects. For large objects, we introduce a replication mechanism. By replicating large objects in a dedicated server and relaying through a proxy cache, storage can be fully utilized. Large objects can be accessed without a priori knowledge of server location. Our system provides a scalable solution to the continuing growth of tra(cid:14)c volume while it retains transparency for users. It is also designed to ensure compatibility with existing networking standards, applications and system software.
Sensitivity analysis of the 1998 Large Coastal Shark Evaluation Workshop

As a result of litigation, the 1998 Large Coastal Shark Evaluation Workshop Report was sent out for external peer-review. Two organizations, the Center for Independent Experts (CIE) and the National Resources Consultants (NRC), were selected to implement the review process, which resulted in a total of seven reviews. The present document addresses some of the criticisms and recommendations contained in those reviews. Specifically, it describes the sensitivity trial results obtained from using the 1998 data to evaluate the recommended range of alternative model and data formulations. Ensuing documents will address additional issues, such as using other model (e.g., age-structured) and data (at least up to 2000) formulations useful for an updated assessment.
Dual-Mode Additive Noise Rejection in Wearable Photoplethysmography

This paper presents a mixed-signal photo detection architecture that provides DC offset rejection of up to x5 beyond the dynamic range of the front-end amplifier while retaining the DC signal content of the physiological signal being detected. Closed-loop control of the mean input current is used to prevent saturation of the detector's front-end amplifier while frequency modulation of the illumination source enables homodyne detection of the absorption properties of the blood vessels being investigated. As modulation creates a copy of the desired signal at high frequency, the bandwidth of the current feedback loop is allowed to overlap with low frequency physiological signals (e.g. respiration rate) without rejecting them from the homodyne output. Use of lattice wave digital filters enables a photo plethysmography system to be implemented with up to 1,000 samples per second in real-time by a low-power microcontroller. Experimental validation of the dual-mode noise rejection technique shows that it is robust against high static ambient light levels as well as rapid transitions in light levels.
Feasibility of Computational Estimation of Task-Oriented Visual Attention

Eye movements are elicited by a viewer's task-oriented contextual situation (top-down) and the visual environment (bottom-up). The former and its computability were investigated by measuring a subjects' eye movements while identical graphs were viewed under different mental frameworks. The pre-requisite conditions for predicting task-oriented attention from the visual environment were determined.
Performance Analysis of Predictive Stabilization for Churn Handling in Structured Overlay Networks

The structured overlay networks are self-organized, open networks with specific structural constraints to ensure resource or service discovery in a small number of probabilistically bounded networking hops. The main challenge to ensure the viability of the structured overlay networks for the deployment of highly scalable applications is to maintain the structure of these overlay networks in the presence of dynamic participants. The state of the art structured overlay networks employs a costly periodic stabilization mechanism for the maintenance of overlay structure and per node routing tables in the dynamic environments. However, many applications report the predictable dynamic behavior of different overlay nodes driven by underlying user's online behavior and its dependency on many factors such as, geographical position, time of the day, day of the week etc. This paper utilizes these characteristics for the implementation of an intelligent predictive stabilization mechanism for the structure maintenance and routing table updation in the chord based overlay networks. In this paper, we focus on the implementation and performance comparison of the Hidden Markov Model based and Neuro-Fuzzy based predictive stabilization techniques. The OverSim based simulation results clearly present that our proposed predictive stabilization techniques outperforms the existing periodic stabilization techniques in terms of better lookup success ratio and less maintenance overhead. Experimental results also demonstrate the suitability of Neuro-Fuzzy model a compared to HMM based prediction model for the failure prediction of dynamic nodes.
Designing mobile shared workspaces by instantiation

This article presents an abstract structure capturing the essence of a mobile shared workspace (MSW), and how a particular MSW can be obtained by instantiating such structure. It is intended to assist designers of mobile groupware tools to conceive new products reusing other designers' knowledge. This approach facilitates the design of a particular MSW in an easy and fast way. We illustrate how the abstract structure can be instantiated in the development of MSWs to support hospital work and construction inspection activities.
Contribution of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and basal hepatic insulin sensitivity to surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity.

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance (IR) and the insulin sensitivity index (S(i)) from oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were compared with the M value from a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in 467 subjects with various degrees of glucose tolerance. Endogenous glucose production (EGP) and hepatic insulin sensitivity were determined in a subset (n = 143). Insulin secretion was estimated as the HOMA beta-cell index and as the insulinogenic index from the first 30 min of the OGTT (I/G30) and compared with the first-phase insulin response (FPIR) to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (n = 218). RESULTS The M value correlated with the HOMA-IR (r = -0.591, P < 0.0001) and the S(i) (r = 0.533, P < 0.0001) indexes in the total study group. HOMA-IR correlated with basal EGP in the total study group (r = 0.378, P < 0.0005) and in subjects with diabetes (r = 0.330, P = 0.01). However, neither HOMA-IR nor S(i) correlated significantly with the M value in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (r = -0.108, P = 0.5; r = 0.01, P = 0.9) or IFG/impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (r = -0.167, P = 0.4; r = 0.09, P = 0.6). The HOMA-IR correlated with hepatic insulin sensitivity in the whole study group (r = -0.395, P < 0.005) as well as in the IFG/IGT subgroup (r = -0.634, P = 0.002) and in the diabetic subgroup (r = -0.348, P = 0.008). In subjects with IFG/IGT, hepatic insulin sensitivity was the most important determinant of HOMA-IR, explaining 40% of its variation. The HOMA beta-cell index showed a weak correlation with FPIR in the whole study group (r = 0.294, P = 0.001) but not in the subgroups. In contrast, the I/G30 correlated with FPIR in the whole study group (r = 0.472, P < 0.0005) and in the IFG/IGT subgroup (r = 0.493, P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS HOMA-IR is dependent upon both peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity, the contribution of which differs between subjects with normal and elevated fasting glucose concentrations. These discrepancies develop as a consequence of a nonparallel deterioration of the variables included in the equations with worsening of glucose tolerance.
THE SPECTRAL SHIFT FUNCTION OF A COMPACTLY SUPPORTED POTENTIAL AND WEGNER ESTIMATES

We analyze the spectral shift function (SSF) of a Schrodinger operator due to a compactly supported potential. We give a bound on the integral of the SSF with respect to a bounded compactly supported function. It is based on the control of the singular values of the difference of two Schrodinger semigroups. As an application we improve some earlier results on the regularity of the integrated density of states.
Architecture guideline for game-based stroke rehabilitation

Strokes are the most common cause of long-term disability of adults in developed countries. Continuous participation in rehabilitation can alleviate some of the consequences, and support recovery of stroke patients. However, physical rehabilitation requires commitment to tedious exercise routines over lengthy periods of time, which often cause patients to dropout of this form of therapy. In this context, game-based stroke rehabilitation has the potential to address two important barriers: accessibility of rehabilitation, and patient motivation. The paper aims to discuss these issues. ,This paper provides a review of design efforts in human-computer interaction (HCI) and gaming research to support stroke rehabilitation. ,Based on extensive review, this paper highlights challenges and opportunities in this area, and discusses an architecture guideline for a game-based stroke rehabilitation system. ,This study was an original study.
A Bi-population-evolution Integrated QoS Multicast Routing Algorithm in NGI

IP/DWDM optical Internet is one of the main networking technologies for the NGI (next generation Internet). QoS multicast routing is one of its basic problems to be solved and is proven to be NP-hard. Thus, a non-NP algorithm is proposed in this paper. It is based on bi-population-evolution to find a cost-optimized QoS multicast routing tree with routing and wavelength assignment solved integratedly. Simulation results have shown that the proposed algorithm is both feasible and effective, and is advantageous over its counterpart based on the classical genetic algorithm
Microelectrode Velocity Effects and Aquatic Eddy Covariance Measurements under Waves

AbstractInterest in validating the eddy covariance (EC) technique under wave-induced flows led to a series of experiments in a 104-m-long large wave flume (LWF) using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) and two oxygen microelectrodes (tips ~2 mm apart) mounted on a sturdy tripod. Four additional ADVs positioned within the flume provided comparative near-bed velocity measurements during experiments with irregular waves over a sand bed. These measurements revealed that modifications of local turbulence by the tripod frame were insignificant. However, errors in velocity measurements were at times observed for setups where the microelectrode tips protruded into the ADV’s measurement volume. Disparate oxygen microelectrode velocity effects (stirring sensitivities) combined with response time offsets were also identified as problems, adding biases to EC flux derivations. Microelectrode velocity effects were further investigated through modeling designed to mimic the LWF data, and through examination of a 12-h.
The Dolbeault operator on Hermitian spin surfaces

On demontre l'annulation du noyau de l'operateur de Dolbeault sur la racine carree du fibre canonique d'une surface hermitienne de spin avec courbure scalaire positive. On obtient des minorations pour la premiere valeur propre de cet operateur, dans le cas ou la courbure scalaire conforme est non-negative.