Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of potential migrants from epoxy and organosol coatings used in metal food cans

Abstract The coatings of metal cans may release complex mixtures of migrants into the contained foods, including non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), such as reaction products. All migrating substances should be studied to demonstrate their safety. In this work, the characterisation of two epoxy and organosol coatings was performed using several techniques. Firstly, the type of coating was identified using FTIR-ATR. Screening techniques based on purge and trap (P&T) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to GC-MS were used to investigate volatiles from coatings. For the identification of semi-volatile compounds, an appropriate extraction was performed before analysis by GC-MS. The most abundant substances were compounds with at least one benzene ring and an aldehyde or alcohol group in their structures. Furthermore, a method to quantify some of the identified volatiles was explored. Secondly, HPLC with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was used to determine non-volatile compounds such as bisphenol analogues and bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers (BADGEs), with subsequent confirmation by LC-MS/MS. Additionally, migration assays were performed by this technique to determine non-volatile compounds migrating into food simulants. Bisphenol A (BPA) and all BADGE derivatives except BADGE.HCl were detected in the migration extracts. Moreover, BADGE-solvent complexes such as BADGE.H2O. BuEtOH, BADGE.2BuEtOH, etc. were also tentatively identified using the accurate mass provided by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS).
Ravulizumab in Aquaporin‐4–Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

CHAMPION‐NMOSD (NCT04201262) is a phase 3, open‐label, externally controlled interventional study evaluating the efficacy and safety of the terminal complement inhibitor ravulizumab in adult patients with anti–aquaporin‐4 antibody–positive (AQP4+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Ravulizumab binds the same complement component 5 epitope as the approved therapeutic eculizumab but has a longer half‐life, enabling an extended dosing interval (8 vs 2 weeks).
Urinary retention between nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer: A meta-analysis

This study intended to assess the urinary retention between nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer. Relevant studies were selected from databases of PubMed, Embase, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Internet with the last report up to January 15, 2022. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were chosen as the evaluation index. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran Q test and I2 test. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on areas and cancer types (primary and metastatic cancer). A total of 8 articles (retrospective cohort studies) were selected in the meta-analysis. There were significant correlations between nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy and radical hysterectomy in related with urinary retention (HR [95% CI] = 1.78 [1.37, 2.31], P < .001) and (HR [95% CI] = 2.49 [1.43, 4.33], P = .001) of cervical cancer patients. Egger test revealed a significant publication bias (P = .014). Sensitivity analysis via omitting 1 study at each time showed that omission of any study made significant difference (P < .05), indicating reliability and good stability for the analysis. Additionally, there were significant heterogeneities in most subgroups.
The effect of cold water immersion on the recovery of physical performance revisited: A systematic review with meta-analysis

ABSTRACT This review evaluated the effect of CWI on the temporal recovery profile of physical performance, accounting for environmental conditions and prior exercise modality. Sixty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Standardised mean differences were calculated for parameters assessed at <1, 1–6, 24, 48, 72 and ≥96 h post-immersion. CWI improved short-term recovery of endurance performance (p = 0.01, 1 h), but impaired sprint (p = 0.03, 1 h) and jump performance (p = 0.04, 6h). CWI improved longer-term recovery of jump performance (p < 0.01–0.02, 24 h and 96 h) and strength (p < 0.01, 24 h), which coincided with decreased creatine kinase (p < 0.01–0.04, 24–72 h), improved muscle soreness (p < 0.01–0.02, 1–72 h) and perceived recovery (p < 0.01, 72 h). CWI improved the recovery of endurance performance following exercise in warm (p < 0.01) and but not in temperate conditions (p = 0.06). CWI improved strength recovery following endurance exercise performed at cool-to-temperate conditions (p = 0.04) and enhanced recovery of sprint performance following resistance exercise (p = 0.04). CWI seems to benefit the acute recovery of endurance performance, and longer-term recovery of muscle strength and power, coinciding with changes in muscle damage markers. This, however, depends on the nature of the preceding exercise. Graphical Abstract
LC/MS/MS Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant Capacity, Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme (ACE) and Glutathione S Transferase (GST) Inhibitory Properties of Ultrasound‐Assisted Propolis Extracts

Resinous beehive product propolis has many biological activities. It contains various aromatic substances that have great differences in their chemical composition depending on the natural flora. Thus, chemical characterization and biological properties of propolis samples is an important subject for the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, the propolis samples collected from three cities in Turkey were prepared as methanol (MEP), ethanol (EEP), chloroform (ChlEP), hexane (HxEP), and ethyl acetate (EAEP) extracts using an ultrasonic assisted technique. The antioxidant capacities of the samples were evaluated by free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), cation radical scavenging activity (ABTS), and reducing activity (CUPRAC) and (FRAP). The strongest biological activities were detected in ethanol and methanol extracts. Enzyme inhibition of the propolis samples were determined against the human glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). IC50 values of MEP1, MEP2, and MEP3 samples against the ACE were found as 13.9 μg/mL, 14.8 μg/mL, and 12.8 μg/mL, while against the GST IC50 values of MEP1, MEP2, and MEP3 samples were as 5.92 μg/mL, 9.49 μg/mL, and 5.72 μg/mL. To know the possible causes of the biological test results advanced LC/MS/MS method was applied. trans‐ferulic acid, kaempferol, and chrysin were found as the most abundant phenolic compounds in each sample. The propolis extracts obtained using the proper solvent have a good potential to be used in pharmaceuticals to treat the diseases related to oxidative damage, hypertension, and inflammation. Finally, the interactions between chrysin, trans‐ferulic acid and kaempferol molecules with ACE and GST receptors were analyzed using molecular docking study. Selected molecules interact with active residues by binding to the active site of the receptors.
Apolipoprotein E mimetic peptide COG1410 alleviates blood‑brain barrier injury in a rat model of ischemic stroke

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage is one of the main causes of poor outcomes and increased mortality rates following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and its mimetic peptide have been previously reported to exhibit potent neuroprotective properties in various central nervous system disease models. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible role of the ApoE mimetic peptide COG1410 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and its potential underlying mechanism. Male SD rats were subjected to 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 22 h reperfusion. Evans blue leakage and IgG extravasation assays results revealed that COG1410 treatment significantly reduced BBB permeability. In addition, in situ zymography and western blotting were used to prove that COG1410 was able to downregulate the activities of MMPs and upregulate the expression of occludin in the ischemic brain tissue samples. Subsequently, COG1410 was found to significantly reverse microglia activation while also suppressing inflammatory cytokine production, according to immunofluorescence signal of Iba-1 and CD68 and protein expression of COX-2. Consequently, this neuroprotective mechanism mediated by COG1410 was further tested using the BV2 cell line in vitro, which was exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation followed by reoxygenation. The mechanism of COG1410 was found to be mediated, as least partly, through the activation of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2. In conclusion, the data suggest that COG1410 can alleviate BBB injury and neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke.
New Polyketide and Sesquiterpenoid Derivatives from the Magellan Seamount‐Derived Fungus Penicillium rubens AS‐130

Rubenpolyketone A (1), a polyketide featuring a new carbon skeleton having cyclohexenone condensed with a methyl octenone chain and a new linear sesquiterpenoid, chermesiterpenoid D (2), together with seven known secondary metabolites (3–9) were isolated and identified from the Magellan Seamount‐derived fungus Penicillium rubens AS‐130. Their structures were determined based on detailed analysis of NMR and mass spectroscopic data and the absolute configurations of these two new compounds were elucidated by the combination of quantum mechanical (QM)‐NMR and time‐dependent density functional (TDDFT) ECD calculation approaches. Chermesiterpenoids B (3) and C (4) showed potent inhibitory activities against the aquatic pathogen Vibrio anguillarum with MIC values of 0.5 and 1 μg/mL, respectively, while chermesin F (6) exhibited activity against Escherichia coli with MIC value of 1 μg/mL.
The pathway to the natural gas industry: Financial development, coal consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions in P.R. China

This paper revisits the causal links between financial development, coal consumption, and CO2 emissions in P.R. China over the 1977–2017 period to validate the development of its natural gas industry. It uses a Bootstrap ARDL bound test with structural breaks to establish stationarity, short- and long-run dynamics, and causality of the series. The results show there are no long-run relationships among these three variables, but a Granger causality test does indicate the presence of both a two-way Granger causality between coal consumption and CO2 emissions, and a one-way Granger causality running from financial development to both coal consumption and CO2 emissions. These results have important policy implications for the Chinese government's efforts to meet its commitment at the 75th UN General Assembly to achieve carbon neutrality. In that context, the promotion of its natural gas industry, including carbon pricing mechanisms and taxation schemes while enacting environmentally friendly energy abatement policies become a must.
Forward image mapping using image inpainting

Image transform, which transforms one image to another image by co-ordinate transformation, is often conducted in remote sensing applications. Image transform methods include forward mapping and reverse mapping. In this paper we propose a new forward image mapping method. Since a grid pixel in the source image may be no longer mapped to a grid pixel in the target image, gap phenomenon, i.e. some grids in the target may not receive information from any source pixel, occurs via forward mapping. Our method fills the gaps with information surrounding them using the image inpainting technique. Imagine that the image is a temperature field, i.e. the pixel value is the temperature value. The heat will transfer to the gaps, thus the gaps are filled after some time. This can be achieved by solving the classical diffusion equation. Furthermore, if the features in the image are rather complicated, we can use anisotropic heat diffusion (total variation diffusion) to fill the gaps in order to well preserve the edge features. The experimental result demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed inpainting method.
Detailed balance and reciprocity in solar cells

The limiting efficiency of photovoltaic devices follows from the detailed balance of absorption and emission of a diode according to the Shockley–Queisser theory. However, the principle of detailed balance has more implications for the understanding of photovoltaic devices than only defining the efficiency limit. We show how reciprocity relations between carrier collection and dark carrier injection, between electroluminescence emission and photovoltaic quantum efficiency and between open circuit voltage and light emitting diode quantum efficiency all follow from the principle of detailed balance. We also discuss the validity range of the Shockley–Queisser limit and the reciprocity relations. Discussing the validity of the reciprocity relations helps to deepen the understanding of photovoltaic devices and allows us to identify interrelationships between the superposition principle, the diode ideality and the reciprocity relations. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Agreement between monthly land rainfall estimates from TRMM-PR and gauge-based observations over South Asia

There is a demand for reliable rainfall data-set over the South Asia region covering both land and ocean for model validation/development and various applications. For satellite rainfall estimates (SREs), the algorithm development groups also need validation information on SRE. The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) project has produced recently improved version 7 (V7) rainfall data-sets. Version 6 (V6) and V7 of 3A25, the surface rainfall products derived from TRMM precipitation radar (PR), are compared with gauge-based observations at 0.5° latitude/longitude resolution for the period of 1998–2007 over the South Asian land region. Both 3A25V7 and 3A25V6 represent the mean rainfall distribution patterns reasonably well. However, 3A25 products overestimate rainfall over the Indonesian region compared to gauge-based data. For some parts of South Asia, SREs show considerable difference in the magnitude of coefficient of variation compared to gauge-based information. At seasonal scale, a contrasting feature in bias over India during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons is noticed from both the versions of 3A25 data-set. In general, 3A25 rainfall data-sets are able to capture the interannual variability of rainfall over South Asia. The frequency distribution of monthly rainfall rate reveals that 3A25 products marginally underestimate rainfall below 10 mm day−1 and overestimate higher rainfall rate compared to gauge-based data. Overall, 3A25V7 product is marginally better than its previous version (3A25V6) over the South Asian land region.
Theta band brainwaves in human resting EEG modulated by mobile phone radiofrequency

Abstract Purpose Wireless communication has become an integral part of our lives. The growing number of antennas in our environment and the expanding use of mobile phones (MPs) are increasing the population’s exposure to electromagnetic fields. The present study aimed to examine the potential impact of MPs radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure on the brainwaves of the resting electroencephalogram (EEG) in humans. Materials and Methods Twenty-one healthy volunteers were exposed to Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) signal at 900 MHz MP RF-EMF. The maximum specific absorption rate (SAR) of the MP averaged on 10 g tissue and 1 g tissue were measured at 0.49 W/kg, 0.70 W/kg, respectively. Results Results showed that while delta and beta rhythms of resting EEG were not affected, theta brainwaves were significantly modulated during exposure to RF-EMF related to MPs. For the first time, it was shown that this modulation is dependent on the eye condition, i.e. closed or open. Conclusions This study strongly suggests that acute exposure to RF-EMF alters the EEG theta rhythm at rest. Long-term exposure studies are required to explore the effect of this disruption in high-risk or sensitive populations.
Can divided attention at retrieval improve memory? Effects of target detection during recognition

ABSTRACT The attentional boost effect (ABE) is an improvement of memory under divided attention conditions in which stimulus encoding is enhanced when a target is detected in a simultaneous target-monitoring distracting task. Here we asked whether memory is similarly improved when the target-monitoring task occurs at the time of retrieval. In four experiments, participants encoded words under full attention then completed a recognition test under either divided attention, during which participants made recognition judgments while performing the target-monitoring task, or full attention, in which the target-monitoring task was not performed. Relative to distractor rejection, target detection increased hits and false alarms under divided attention with no net effect on discrimination. Targets and distractors had no effect on recognition under full attention. The target-related increase in hits and false alarms occurred regardless of whether the target-monitoring material matched or mismatched the test material and regardless of the target-to-distractor ratio and the target response. A change in bias accounts for the phenomenon, in which participants adopt a more lenient criterion for target-paired words than for distractor-paired words. The same divided attention manipulation that enhances memory at encoding does not similarly enhance memory at retrieval. Theoretical explanations are discussed.
Temperature-insensitive photonic crystal fiber interferometer for relative humidity sensing without hygroscopic coating

A novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF) interferometer RH (relative humidity) sensor is proposed and demonstrated in this paper. The sensor is made from a piece of PCF spliced to standard fibers in transmission mode, which has the advantage that it does not require the use of any hygroscopic thin film or layer. In addition, the all-silica nature of the sensing element means the sensor is insensitive to temperature. The sensor has a humidity sensitivity of 60.3 pm/%RH over the range of 60–80% RH and 188.3 pm/%RH in the region from 80 to 95% RH. A response time around ∼1 s is observed for a ∼2 cm long section of photonic crystal fiber interferometer (PCFI). The sensor exhibits a very low cross temperature sensitivity of around 0.5 pm/°C. The proposed sensor has potential for high humidity monitoring applications, and temperature compensation is not necessary if such a sensor is operated in normal surrounding atmosphere.
Mammographic Density Reduction is Associated to the Prognosis in Asian Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Hormone Therapy

Introduction Using mammographic density as a significant biomarker for predicting prognosis in adjuvant hormone therapy patients is controversial due to the conflicting results of recent studies. This study aimed to evaluate hormone therapy-induced mammographic density reduction and its association with prognosis in Taiwanese patients. Methods In this retrospective study, 1941 patients with breast cancer were screened, and 399 patients with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer who received adjuvant hormone therapy were enrolled. The mammographic density was measured using a fully automatic estimation procedure based on full-field digital mammography. The prognosis included relapse and metastasis during treatment follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used for disease-free survival analysis. Results A mammographic density reduction rate >20.8%, measured preoperatively and after receiving hormone therapy from 12-18 months, was a significant threshold for predicting prognosis in patients with breast cancer. The disease-free survival rate was significantly higher in patients whose mammographic density reduction rate was >20.8% (P = .048). Conclusion This study’s findings could help estimate the prognosis for patients with breast cancer and may improve the quality of adjuvant hormone therapy after enlarging the study cohort in the future.
Surgery and postoperative radiotherapy affect the prognosis of esophageal cancer: A SEER analysis

The principal treatment modalities for esophageal cancer are radiation, chemotherapy and surgery or a combination of them. In some sense, technological advances have tremendously heightened patients’ survival rates. Nevertheless, the debate on the prognostic value of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) has never ceased. On that account, this study made an effort to probe deep into the effects of PORT and surgery on the prognosis of stage III esophageal cancer. Our study included patients diagnosed with stage III esophageal cancer between 2004 and 2015 through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program. We performed propensity score matching (PSM) on the basis of whether surgery was carried out and whether PORT conducted. We identified the independent risk factors by multivariate Cox regression and constructed a nomogram model. In this research, we included 3940 patients, and the median follow-up is 14 months: 1932 cases without surgery; 2008 cases with surgery, and 322 cases of them underwent PORT. In the postPSM patient cohort, patients who underwent surgery had a median overall survival rate (OS) of 19.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 17.2–20.8) and a median cancer-specific survival rate (CSS) of 23.0 (95% CI 20.6–25.3) months, which were remarkably higher than those without surgery (P < .001). The OS（P < . 05）and CSS（P < . 05）of the patients who underwent PORT were lower than those who did not. Similar results were obtained in the groups of N0 and N1. This study revealed surgery can heighten patients’ survival rate, while PORT could not elevate patients’ survival rate in stage III esophageal cancer patients.
A microcellular communications propagation model based on the uniform theory of diffraction and multiple image theory

Presents a comprehensive uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) propagation model for a city street grid, using the multiple image concept and the generalized Fermat's principle to describe the multiple reflections and diffractions. The model is a quasi 3D one in the sense that the building walls are assumed to be much higher than the transmitter height so that the diffractions from the rooftops can be neglected. The model includes all possible specular wall and ground reflections and corner diffractions in the main street, side streets, and parallel streets of a microcell. This enables the signal propagation through all the possible paths to be tracked to the receiver at various line-of-sight (LOS) or out-of-sight (OOS) positions. Previous papers on such propagation models have included only a limited number of specular reflections and diffractions or they are restricted to a rectilinear grid where all the building walls on each side of the street are coplanar. Our model includes contributions to the received signal from all possible propagation paths, including ground and wall reflections from diffracted and specularly reflected signals both in the LOS and OOS regions. Within the scope of the UTD model, the accuracy of our model is limited mainly by the assumptions of characterizing the building walls as "smoothed-out" flat surfaces with average relative permittivity /spl epsiv//sub r/ and conductivity /spl sigma/. Our theoretical results of the signal path loss along the streets are compared with measurements which have been reported for city streets in Tokyo and New York City.