Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Humanoid Robot and contribution of various countries in advancing the research and development of the platform

A human like autonomous robot which is capable to adapt itself with the changing of its environment and continue to reach its goal is considered as Humanoid Robot. These characteristics differs the Android from the other kind of robots. In recent years there has been much progress in the development of Humanoid and still there are a lot of scopes in this field. A number of research groups are interested in this area and trying to design and develop a various platforms of Humanoid based on mechanical and biological concept. Many researchers focus on the designing of lower torso to make the Robot navigating as like as a normal human being do. Designing the lower torso which includes west, hip, knee, ankle and toe, is the more complex and more challenging task. Upper torso design is another complex but interesting task that includes the design of arms and neck. Analysis of walking gait, optimal control of multiple motors or other actuators, controlling the Degree of Freedom (DOF), adaptability control and intelligence are also the challenging tasks to make a Humanoid to behave like a human. Basically research on this field combines a variety of disciplines which make it more thought-provoking area in Mechatronics Engineering. In this paper a various platforms for Humanoid Robot development are identified and described based on the evolutionary research on robotics. The paper also depicts a virtual map of humanoid platform development from the ancient time to present time. It is very important and effective to analyze the development phases of androids because of its Business, Educational and Research value. Basic comparisons between the different designs of Humanoid Structures are also analyzed in this paper.
Decentralized Hierarchical Multi-Rate Control of Constrained Linear Systems

Abstract This paper proposes a decentralized hierarchical multi-rate control scheme for large-scale dynamically-coupled linear systems subject to linear constraints on input and state variables. At the lower level, a set of decentralized and independent linear controllers stabilizes the process, without taking care of the constraints. Each controller receives reference signals from its own upper-level controller, that runs at a lower sampling frequency. By optimally constraining the magnitude and rate of variation of the reference signals to each lower-level controller, quantitative criteria are provided for selecting the ratio between the sampling rates of the upper and lower layers of control at each location, in a way that closed-loop stability is preserved and the fulfillment of the prescribed constraints is guaranteed.
Theory and Stringy Corrections to Anti-de Sitter Black Holes and Conformal Field Theories

We consider black holes in anti-de Sitter space AdSp+2 (p = 2, 3, 5), which have hyperbolic, flat or spherical event horizons. The O(α′3) corrections (or the leading corrections in powers of the eleven-dimensional Planck length, in the case of M-theory compactifications) to the black hole metrics are computed for the various topologies and dimensions. We investigate the consequences of the stringy or M-theory corrections for the black hole thermodynamics. In particular, we show the emergence of a stable branch of small spherical black holes. Surprisingly, for any of the considered dimensions and topologies, the corrected thermodynamical quantities turn out to coincide with those calculated within a simplified approach, which uses only the unperturbed metric. We obtain the corrected Hawking-Page transition temperature for black holes with spherical horizons, and show that for p = 3 this phase transition disappears at a value of α considerably smaller than that estimated previously by Gao and Li. Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we determine the S1 × S3 N = 4 SYM phase diagram for sufficiently large ‘t Hooft coupling, and show that the critical point at which the Hawking-Page email: caldarel@science.unitn. it email: klemm@science.unitn. it
Chlorhexidine Substantivity on Salivary Flora and Plaque-Like Biofilm: An In Situ Model

Objective To evaluate the in situ antibacterial activity of a mouthrinse with 0.2% Chlorhexidine (M-0.2% CHX) on undisturbed de novo plaque-like biofilm (PL-biofilm) and on salivary flora up to 7 hours after its application. Methods A special acrylic appliance was designed, with 3 inserted glass disks on each buccal side, allowing for PL-biofilm growth. Fifteen healthy volunteers wore the appliance for 48 hours and then performed an M-0.2% CHX; disks were removed at 30 seconds and 1, 3, 5 and 7 hours after the mouth-rinsing. Applying a washout period, saliva samples were collected from each volunteer at 30 seconds and 1, 3, 5 and 7 hours after performing an M-0.2% CHX. The PL-biofilm and saliva samples were analysed by confocal laser scanning and epifluorescence microscopes, respectively. Results At 30 seconds after M-0.2% CHX, the levels of viable bacteria detected in saliva were significantly lower than those observed in PL-biofilm. The difference in the percentage of live bacteria detected in saliva was significantly higher than that observed in PL-biofilm at 5 and 7 hours after M-0.2% CHX. Conclusion After a single mouthrinse of the 0.2% CHX formulation tested in the present study, the 2-day PL-biofilm presented a significantly higher resistance to this antiseptic in situ than that observed in salivary flora. However, this 0.2% CHX formulation showed a higher substantivity on PL-biofilm than on salivary flora at 5 and 7 hours after mouth-rinsing, which could be related to the slower growth rate of PL-biofilm and the possible reservoir function for antimicrobial agents associated with the undisturbed de novo PL-biofilm.
Optimization of Biopolymer Based Transdermal Films of Metoclopramide as an Alternative Delivery Approach

The objectives of this study were to develop and to characterize sodium alginate based matrix-type transdermal films of metoclopramide hydrochloride (MTC) in order to improve patient compliance to treatment. The suitability of sodium alginate was shown to be a natural film former in terms of the physicochemical, mechanical, and bioadhesive features of the MTC loaded transdermal films. Terpinolene provided the highest drug release among the different terpenes (nerolidol, eucalyptol, dl-limonene, or terpinolene) assessed as enhancer. Attenuated Total Reflectance Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy analysis performed to evaluate the effect of the transdermal films on skin barrier confirmed enhancer induced lipid bilayer disruption in stratum corneum, indicating its permeation enhancement effect.
Evaluating the Cognition, Behavior, and Social Profile of an Adolescent With Learning Disabilities and Assessing the Effectiveness of an Individualized Educational Program

Objective: The present study seeks to outline a holistic assessment method that was used in understanding problems experienced by an adolescent boy and in designing and implementing an individualized educational program. Methods: An adolescent child referred for concerns in learning was screened for learning disability using standardized inventories and test batteries. The Connors Parent and Teacher Rating Scales (short forms), Wechsler's Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS), and the Kinetic Family Drawing (KFD) test were used to assess the behavior, cognition, and social profile of the child. An individualized educational program was designed and this intervention was provided for 6 months by using parents as co-therapists. Participant and parent interview schedules were used in identifying underlying issues of concern. The child was reassessed 6 months after the intervention was provided. Results: Findings on the Connors Parent Rating Scale revealed scores that were greater than the 50th percentile on the domains of inattention and cognitive problems. On the Connors Teacher Rating Scale, we observed scores greater than the 50th percentile on the hyperactivity, cognitive problems, and the inattention domains. The WISC revealed that the child had a "Dull Normal" Intellectual functioning and there was also a deficit of 2 years on the social skills as tested by the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS). The Kinetic Family Drawing Test revealed negative emotions within the child. Post intervention, we noticed a remarkable improvement in the scores across all domains of behavior, social, and cognitive functioning. Conclusion: Designing an individualized education program that is tailored to the specific needs of the child and using parents as co-therapists proved to be an effective intervention.
Deviation inequalities for sums of weakly dependent time series

In this paper we give new deviation inequalities of Bernstein's type for the partial sums of weakly dependent time series. The loss from the independent case is studied carefully. We give non mixing examples such that dynamical systems and Bernoulli shifts for whom our deviation inequalities hold. The proofs are based on the blocks technique and different coupling arguments.
Five Weeks in the Robot House – Exploratory Human-Robot Interaction Trials in a Domestic Setting

This paper presents five exploratory trials investigating scenarios likely to occur when a personal robot shares a home with a person. The scenarios are: a human and robot working on a collaborative task, a human and robot sharing a physical space in a domestic setting, a robot recording and revealing personal information, a robot interrupting a human in order to serve them, and finally, a robot seeking assistance from a human through various combinations of physical and verbal cues. Findings indicate that participants attribute more blame and less credit to a robot than compared to themselves when working together on a collaborative task. Safety is a main concern when determining participants' comfort when sharing living space with their robot. Findings suggest that the robot should keep its interruption of the user's activities to a minimum. Participants were happy for the robot to store information which is essential for the robot to improve its functionality. However, their main concerns were related to the storing of sensitive information and security measures to safeguard such information.
Hepatopulmonary syndrome: prevalence and predictive value of various cut offs for arterial oxygenation and their clinical consequences

Background: The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is defined as the triad of liver disease, arterial deoxygenation, and pulmonary vascular dilatation. The reported prevalence of HPS in cirrhotic patients varies between 4% and 19%, and various threshold values defining arterial deoxygenation have been used and recommended previously. However, it is not known how the prevalence of HPS differs using different cut off values for arterial deoxygenation. Methods: We studied 127 patients for the presence of HPS using transthoracic contrast echocardiography for detection of pulmonary vasodilation, pulmonary function tests, and blood gas analysis. Results: Ninety eight patients were included in the study, of whom 33 (34%) had a positive contrast echocardiography. Using an increased alveolar-arterial difference for the partial pressure of oxygen (AaDO2) as an indication of hypoxaemia, the prevalence of HPS was considerably higher (>15 mm Hg, 32%; >20 mm Hg, 31%; and >age related threshold, 28%) than using reduced partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) as a threshold (<80 mm Hg, 19%; <70 mm Hg, 15%; and <age related threshold, 15%). For AaDO2 as the cut off, the positive predictive value for a diagnosis of HPS was low (34%, 37%, and 53%, respectively). In contrast, PaO2 as a cut off had considerably higher positive predictive values (44%, 93%, and 94%, respectively). Introducing PaO2 <65 mm Hg as the cut off, the positive predictive value increased to 100%. Dyspnoea was more often present in patients with “clinically significant” HPS (57%) compared with “subclinical HPS” (8%), and patients without HPS (6%). The Child-Pugh score correlated significantly with the severity of HPS. Two of five liver transplanted patients with “subclinical HPS” had embolic brain infarcts, possibly induced by venous emboli passing through dilated intrapulmonary vessels. Conclusions: Defining arterial hypoxaemia in HPS by different, previously used, cut off values for arterial oxygenation leads to a wide variation in the prevalence of HPS in the same sample of cirrhotic patients.
Making Topic-Specific Report and Multimodal Presentation Automatically by Mining the Web Resources

Due to availability and accessibility of enormous Internet-based resources and dynamic nature of Web pages, the task of information retrieval is becoming more challenging and gradually tricky. This paper describes about agent based autonomous system, automatic report to presentation (ARP), with the notion of autonomous information service emerging as the result of integration among natural language processing, Web intelligence, and character-based agent interaction. The system, ARP, automatically builds a report on a topic or search phrase(s) given by a user by fetching a set of Web-pages; and then parsing; summarizing, affect-sensing and correlating information extracted from those. The system also makes a concise presentation automatically and, a group of character based software-agents autonomously present the topic in a story-telling manner employing text- to-speech engine with accompanied content-rich slides, different gestures and affects
Ambulatory Assessment of Affect: Survey of Sensor Systems for Monitoring of Autonomic Nervous Systems Activation in Emotion

Advances in miniaturized computing, storage and communication resources for personal wearable electronics devices, as well as the availability of diverse sensors for state assessment enable the development of a wide variety of wearable body area network (BAN) systems for psychophysiological measurements. These systems pave the way for acquisition of quality data relevant for research studies, amongst others, on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activation in emotion. We present a high-level overview of BAN and its features, and we review 173 publications that report research studies on emotion activation and particularly 15 BAN systems employed in these studies. We discuss each BAN in terms of its capacity for ambulatory, i.e., out of the laboratory, assessment of the ANS activation in emotion. Finally, we highlight the design challenges to be addressed to make BAN systems effective for a wide range of applications to support users wellbeing and overall Quality of Life improvement. This paper provides knowledge to those interested in (ambulatory) assessment of the ANS activation on the set of systems currently used in research, and it aims to highlight opportunities for scientists and practitioners in, amongst others, the affective computing domain, enabling them to reflect upon their BAN requirements and study designs.
Rice antioxidants: phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid

Epidemiological studies suggested that the low incidence of certain chronic diseases in rice-consuming regions of the world might be associated with the antioxidant compound contents of rice. The molecules with antioxidant activity contained in rice include phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid. This review provides information on the contents of these compounds in rice using a food composition database built from compiling data from 316 papers. The database provides access to information that would have otherwise remained hidden in the literature. For example, among the four types of rice ranked by color, black rice varieties emerged as those exhibiting the highest antioxidant activities, followed by purple, red, and brown rice varieties. Furthermore, insoluble compounds appear to constitute the major fraction of phenolic acids and proanthocyanidins in rice, but not of flavonoids and anthocyanins. It is clear that to maximize the intake of antioxidant compounds, rice should be preferentially consumed in the form of bran or as whole grain. With respect to breeding, japonica rice varieties were found to be richer in antioxidant compounds compared with indica rice varieties. Overall, rice grain fractions appear to be rich sources of antioxidant compounds. However, on a whole grain basis and with the exception of γ-oryzanol and anthocyanins, the contents of antioxidants in other cereals appear to be higher than those in rice.
Brain MR Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Update

Brain magnetic resonance (MR) represents a useful and feasible tool for the differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Conventional MR may reveal secondary forms of parkinsonism and may show peculiar brain alterations of atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Furthermore, advanced MR techniques, such as morphometric-volumetric analyses, diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, tractography, proton MR spectroscopy, and iron-content sensitive imaging, have been used to obtain quantitative parameters useful to increase the diagnostic accuracy. Currently, many MR studies have provided both qualitative and quantitative findings, reflecting the underlying neuropathological pattern of the different degenerative parkinsonian syndromes. Although the variability in the methods and results across the studies limits the conclusion about which technique is the best, specific radiologic phenotypes may be identified. Qualitative/quantitative MR changes in the substantia nigra do not discriminate between different parkinsonisms. In the absence of extranigral abnormalities, the diagnosis of PD is more probable, whereas basal ganglia changes (mainly in the putamen) suggest the diagnosis of an atypical parkinsonian syndrome. In this context, changes in pons, middle cerebellar peduncles, and cerebellum suggest the diagnosis of MSA, in midbrain and superior cerebellar peduncles the diagnosis of PSP, and in whole cerebral hemispheres (mainly in frontoparietal cortex with asymmetric distribution) the diagnosis of Corticobasal Syndrome.
A compliant MPEG-1 layer II audio decoder with 16-b arithmetic operations

A new 16-bit integer MPEG-1 layer II audio decoding algorithm is introduced, this algorithm incorporates a scaled Chen (1977) discrete cosine transform (DCT) instead of a generic DCT in the matrixing block, the use of a scaled DCT reduces the DCT multiply count by 28%. This 16-bit integer decoder is compliant with the Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) standard.
Generalized Teaching Dimensions and the Query Complexity of Learning

We investigate the query complexity of learning a concept class C over a finite domain X with membership queries, and with membership queries and equivalence queries from ahypothesis space H, respectively. Building on Moshkov’s work [30] done in the context of conditional tests, we give lower and upper bounds on the considered query complexities in terms of the cardinality of C and combinatorial parameters expressing the complexity of unique specification with respect to C: the extended teaching dimenston of C in the first case, and the unzque specification dimenszon of 2X \ H with respect to C in the second case. For “reasonably parametrized” classes the given bounds imply that polynomial query complexity can be achieved if and only if the corresponding specification dimensions are polynomial. We give applications of the obtained general bounds for learning geometric concepts over the discrete domain {O, 1, . n– I}d, for learning deterministic finite automata with menlbership and proper equivalence queries, for the trade-off between the number of membership and proper equivalence queries used, and for exact learning in parallel with membership and proper equivalence queries,
Position Paper : Towards a 3-Dimensional Model of Individual Cognitive Differences

The effects of individual differences on user interaction is a topic that has been explored for the last 25 years in HCI. Recently, the importance of this subject has been carried into the field of information visualization and consequently, there has been a wide range of research conducted in this area. However, there has been no consensus on which evaluation methods best answer the unique needs of information visualization. In this position paper we propose that individual differences are evaluated in three dominant dimensions: cognitive traits, cognitive states and experience/bias. We believe that this is a first step in systematically evaluating the effects of users’ individual differences on information visualization and visual analytics.
High Frequency InGaAs Nanowire MOSFETs

We present compact modeling, DC and RF characterization of lateral and vertical nanowire MOSFETs. Lateral tri-gate nanowire devices on InP substrates have demonstrated a maximum g<sub>m</sub>=2.95 mS/μm at V<sub>DS</sub>=0.5 V, and f<sub>T</sub>/f<sub>max</sub>=290/350 GHz. Vertical gate-all-around InAs wires integrated on Si substrates have demonstrated g<sub>m</sub>=1.35 mS/μm and f<sub>T</sub>/f<sub>max</sub>=100/155 GHz. We also demonstrate a non-parabolic, ballistic charge/current compact model for rectangular nanowire FETs.
A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NAS LICENCIATURAS EM EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO:O QUE APONTAM OS ARTIGOS A PARTIR DO PORTAL DE PERIÓDICOS CAPES

This work integrates the PhD research entitled "Teacher training and the organization of pedagogical work in the Rural Education degree courses (LEDUC): case study of the Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD)", linked to the Graduate Program in Education, UNESP, Presidente Prudente. The objective of this article is to select and identify the articles located for the period 2001-2018 in the Capes/MEC Periodicals Portal, using the descriptors: Teaching degree, Initial teacher training, Undergraduate course and Rural Education. Resulting from bibliographical research we quantitatively list the productions in this period, generating a state of knowledge about teacher training in the Rural Education degree courses, allowing later to analyze and understand the formative processes and their relations with the context in which they are realized, the tensions and dilemmas faced by the courses and the meanings attributed to them by the subjects involved.
Emerging Strategies and Integrated Systems Microbiology Technologies for Biodiscovery of Marine Bioactive Compounds

Marine microorganisms continue to be a source of structurally and biologically novel compounds with potential use in the biotechnology industry. The unique physiochemical properties of the marine environment (such as pH, pressure, temperature, osmolarity) and uncommon functional groups (such as isonitrile, dichloroimine, isocyanate, and halogenated functional groups) are frequently found in marine metabolites. These facts have resulted in the production of bioactive substances with different properties than those found in terrestrial habitats. In fact, the marine environment contains a relatively untapped reservoir of bioactivity. Recent advances in genomics, metagenomics, proteomics, combinatorial biosynthesis, synthetic biology, screening methods, expression systems, bioinformatics, and the ever increasing availability of sequenced genomes provides us with more opportunities than ever in the discovery of novel bioactive compounds and biocatalysts. The combination of these advanced techniques with traditional techniques, together with the use of dereplication strategies to eliminate known compounds, provides a powerful tool in the discovery of novel marine bioactive compounds. This review outlines and discusses the emerging strategies for the biodiscovery of these bioactive compounds.