Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nuclear-localized subtype of end-binding 1 protein regulates spindle organization in Arabidopsis

End-binding 1 (EB1) proteins are evolutionarily conserved plus-end-tracking proteins that localize to growing microtubule plus ends where they regulate microtubule dynamics and interactions with intracellular targets. Animal EB1 proteins have acidic C-terminal tails that might induce an autoinhibitory conformation. Although EB1 proteins with the same structural features occur in plants (EB1a and EB1b in Arabidopsis thaliana), a variant form (EB1c) is present that lacks the characteristic tail. We show that in Arabidopsis the tail region of EB1b, but not of EB1c, inhibits microtubule assembly in vitro. EB1a and EB1b form heterodimers with each other, but not with EB1c. Furthermore, the EB1 genes are expressed in various cell types of Arabidopsis, but the expression of EB1c is particularly strong in the meristematic cells where it is targeted to the nucleus by a nuclear localization signal in the C-terminal tail. Reduced expression of EB1c compromised the alignment of spindle and phragmoplast microtubules and caused frequent lagging of separating chromosomes at anaphase. Roots of the eb1c mutant were hypersensitive to a microtubule-disrupting drug and complete rescue of the mutant phenotype required the tail region of EB1c. These results suggest that a plant-specific EB1 subtype has evolved to function preferentially on the spindle microtubules by accumulating in the prophase nucleus.
Drijfveren voor winstmanagement voor Belgische beurs en niet-beursgenoteerde bedrijven

Het gepubliceerde winstcijfer is een belangrijke maatstaf voor de financiële prestaties van een onderneming. Er werd dan ook reeds vaak onderzocht of ondernemingen hun winstcijfer in een bepaalde richting stz~ren, en zo ja welke daartoe de drìjfieren zijn. Voorgaande studies onderzoeken vooral het fenomeen van winstmanagement bij Amerikaanse beursgenoteerde ondernemingen. Er bestaan echter verschillen in de institutionele kaders waarin Belgische en Amerikaanse ondernemingen opereren. Daarenboven opereren beursen niet-beursgenoteerde ondernemingen ook in, althans gedeeltelijk, verschillende omgevingen. Wij onderzochten daarom enkele mogelijk motieven voor winstmanagement door Belgische ondernemingen. Hierbij hebben we expliciet nagegaan of er al dan niet verschillen bestaan tussen beursen niet-beursgenoteerde ondernemingen. We vinden dat Belgische ondernemingen schommelingen in hun gerapporteerd winstcijfer proberen te vermijden. Bovendien vinden we dat ondernemingen hun winstcijfer naar beneden toe managen in het jaar voor ze bijkomende schuldfinanciering belcomen. We konden hierbij geen verschil vaststellen tussen het gedrag van beursen niet-beursgenoteerde onder*nemingen.
Oxygen uptake kinetics in trained athletes differing in VO2max.

Previous work has shown that when VO2 kinetics are compared for endurance trained athletes and untrained subjects, the highly trained athletes have a faster response time. However, it remains to be determined whether the more rapid adjustment of VO2 toward steady state in athletes is due to VO2max differences or training adaptation alone. One approach to this problem is to study the time course of VO2 kinetics at the onset of work in athletes who differ in VO2max but have similar training habits. Therefore, the purpose of these experiments was to compare the time course of VO2 kinetics at the onset of exercise in athletes with similar training routines but who differ in VO2max. Ten subjects (VO2max range 50-70 ml . kg-1 . min-1) performed 6-minutes of cycle ergometer exercise at approximately 50% VO2max. Ventilation and gas exchange were monitored by open circuit techniques. The data were modeled with a single component exponential function incorporating a time delay, (TD); delta VO2t = delta VO2ss (1-e-t-TD/tau), where tau is the time constant delta VO2t is the increase in VO2 at time t and delta VO2ss is the steady-rate increment above resting VO2. Kinetic analysis revealed a range of VO2 half times from 21.6 to 36.0 s across subjects with a correlation coefficient of r = -0.80 (p less than 0.05) between VO2max and VO2 half time. These data suggest that in highly trained individuals with similar training habits, those with a higher VO2max achieve a more rapid VO2 adjustment at the onset of work.
Influenza vaccine effectiveness among children 6 to 59 months of age during 2 influenza seasons: a case-cohort study.

OBJECTIVE To measure vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing influenza-related health care visits among children aged 6 to 59 months during 2 consecutive influenza seasons. DESIGN Case-cohort study estimating effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in preventing inpatient/outpatient visits (emergency department [ED] and outpatient clinic). We compared vaccination status of laboratory-confirmed influenza cases with a cluster sample of children from a random sample of practices in 3 counties (subcohort) during the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 seasons. SETTING Counties encompassing Rochester, New York, Nashville, Tennessee, and Cincinnati, Ohio. PARTICIPANTS Children aged 6 to 59 months seen in inpatient/ED or outpatient clinic settings for acute respiratory illnesses and community-based subcohort comparison. Main Exposure Influenza vaccination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Influenza vaccination status of cases vs subcohort using time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models to estimate VE in preventing inpatient/ED and outpatient visits. RESULTS During the 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 seasons, 165 and 80 inpatient/ED and 74 and 95 outpatient influenza cases were enrolled, while more than 4500 inpatient/ED and more than 600 outpatient subcohorts were evaluated, respectively. In bivariate analyses, cases had lower vaccination rates than subcohorts. However, significant influenza VE could not be demonstrated for any season, age, or setting after adjusting for county, sex, insurance, chronic conditions recommended for influenza vaccination, and timing of influenza vaccination (VE estimates ranged from 7%-52% across settings and seasons for fully vaccinated 6- to 59-month-olds). CONCLUSION In 2 seasons with suboptimal antigenic match between vaccines and circulating strains, we could not demonstrate VE in preventing influenza-related inpatient/ED or outpatient visits in children younger than 5 years. Further study is needed during years with good vaccine match.
An overview on peak regulation of wind power integrated power systems

Peak regulation capability is commonly regarded as the bottleneck of the integration of wind power to the system. This paper focuses on peak regulation related issues for wind power integrated systems, makes a survey on state-of-the-art achievements in each relative field, and proposes some suggestions. The peak regulation related issues for wind power integrated systems are categorized into four groups in this paper: i) load demand forecast and analysis; ii) comparison of different generating units' regulation capability. The pumped storage plant is especially mentioned due to its good regulating capability; iii) peak regulation capacity determination; iv) peak regulation scheduling, which gives some practical suggestions of scheduling variable peak regulation capacities to meet the requirements of security and economy from systematic standpoints. The whole functional schematic figure is given finally, and some further researches are indicated.
Bioinspired Stimuli‐Responsive Color‐Changing Systems

Stimuli‐responsive colors are a unique characteristic of certain animals, evolved as either a method to hide from enemies and prey or to communicate their presence to rivals or mates. From a material science perspective, the solutions developed by Mother Nature to achieve these effects are a source of inspiration to scientists for decades. Here, an updated overview of the literature on bioinspired stimuli‐responsive color‐changing systems is provided. Starting from natural systems, which are the source of inspiration, a classification of the different solutions proposed is given, based on the stimuli used to trigger the color‐changing effect.
Terriglobus saanensis sp. nov., an acidobacterium isolated from tundra soil.

Two aerobic bacterial strains, designated SP1PR4(T) and SP1PR5, were isolated from tundra soil samples collected from Saana fjeld, North-western Finland (69° 03' N 20° 50' E). Cells of both strains were Gram-negative, non-motile rods. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strains belong to the genus Terriglobus in subdivision 1 of the phylum Acidobacteria. Strains SP1PR4(T) and SP1PR5 shared identical BOX and ERIC fingerprints and 99.7 % 16S rRNA gene similarity indicating that, together with their identical physiological features, these strains are members of the same species. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of SP1PR4(T) and SP1PR5 with Terriglobus roseus DSM 18391(T) was 97.1 %. A low DNA-DNA hybridization value (<20 %) and rpoB gene sequence similarity (83.6 %) with T. roseus DSM 18391(T) indicated that the tundra soil isolates represent novel members of the genus Terriglobus. Strains SP1PR4(T) and SP1PR5 grew at pH 4.5-7.5 and 4-30 °C. Sugars were the preferred growth substrates. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C(15 : 0), C(16 : 1)ω7c, iso-C(13 : 0) and C(16 : 0). The DNA G+C content of strain SP1PR4(T) was 57.3 mol%. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological analyses, the name Terriglobus saanensis sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate the two strains; the type strain is SP1PR4(T) ( = DSM 23119(T) = ATCC BAA-1853(T)).
Live From New York and Straight to Washington: an Explorative Study of Internet Audience Perceptions of the Portrayals and Appearances of Presidential Candidates on Saturday Night Live

This thesis examines if and how the Internet viewers of Saturday Night Live skits were influenced by the video skits. the viewers’ online comments were read, categorized and analyzed for content to explore and discuss how the viewers “read” the text of the online video skits. Each video in which candidates John McCain, Sarah Palin, Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama appeared is summarized and analyzed through viewers’ comments. a sample of skits including actors’ portrayals of McCain, Palin, Clinton, Obama and Joe Biden is also summarized and analyzed to find and discuss how the viewers’ perceptions were influenced by the portrayals.
Adapting Synchronizers to the Effects of on Chip Variability

Two adaptation schemes based on on-chip measurement of failure rates have been proposed to reduce the effects of process, voltage, temperature and data rate variations on synchronizers on chip. One scheme is to select the best synchronizer out of a number to improve the synchronizer performance subject to process variation on chip. Compared to increasing the transistor size, this scheme can further reduce the effects of process variation without increasing the power consumption. The other scheme is to improve the performance of the system by adjusting the synchronization time according to the actual process, voltage, temperature and data rate variations on the condition that the required MTBF is met. It is targeted at overdesigned synchronization times due to synchronizer performance variability. To assess their feasibility, the two schemes have been implemented using a Xilinxpsilas 90 nm FPGA Spartan 3. The on-chip overhead for the Synchronizer Selection scheme in terms of equivalent flipflops and gates is 9 and 6. For the Synchronization Time Adjustment scheme it is 33 and 104.
Towards Processing Multi-Dimensional Dynamic Data

Cluster and outlier detection has always been one of data mining research interests. Numerous approaches have been designed to find clusters and detect outliers in various types of data sets. In this paper, we present our research on analyzing data sets with constant changes. We design approaches to keep track of status of clusters, the movement of data points, and the updated group of outliers. Different from the traditional approaches which are focused on two-dimensional or low-dimensional data spaces, we aim to analyze data sets in multi-dimensional data spaces. We also propose to adjust the clusters and outliers simultaneously, since they are two concepts that are
Macrodynamic Capacity and Financial Development: Theoretical Conception and Observations on the Brazilian Economy

We consider the concept of Macrodynamic Capacity, exploring an heterodox content whose analytical foundation is derived from a number of scholars of diverse ideological conceptions which casts light on the different ways that economies deal with the role and impact of institutional, monetary and financial development to attain some degree of effectiveness in investment, innovation, structural change and economic development. Relevant aspects of the Brazilian economy are considered. In particular, we show some empirical evidence of the banking sector’s concentration and monetary policy which explains to a large extent the prevailing interest rates and high spreads, in disfavour of productive investment and leading to the country’s poor socioeconomic performance and the absence of what we are calling macrodynamic capacity.
Knowledge Sharing as a Powerful Base for Management: Barriers and Solutions

Knowledge or information sharing (KIS) is an important aspect of organizational knowledge management (KM). Several factors affect the KIS process. This study investigates KM from a managerial viewpoint using a theoretical model that was developed based on a literature review conducted to evaluate KIS. This model was then tested for validity and reliability using an expert panel. Finally, an analysis was conducted on data collected from a survey of top and midlevel managers at Iran’s Ministry of Health and Medical Education covering knowledge sharing, its barriers, and solutions. More than 90% of managers believe that the most important barriers to implementing a KIS system are limitations brought about by specialized knowledge, a culture of independent working, nonstandard processes, and a lack of a proper system for KIS. The results suggest that a successful implementation of KM initiatives depends on a careful consideration of the organizational culture, employee education levels, and previous knowledge of the benefits of KM.
The Future of the U.S. Asset Management Industry

The U.S. asset management industry is undergoing revolutionary change as a result of the Internet revolution. Power is shifting from large institutions to private investors, who are becoming reticent to pay mutual fund managers to underperform the indices. Today's individual investor is demanding the same personalization that has been common to institutional investors, and they are paying less for that privilege. For example, like institutions, individual investors can now choose their manager from a group of highly successful managers. They have access to powerful new portfolio management tools and can purchase large volumes of shares at a minimal cost. Meanwhile, asset managers are coming under attack from less expensive alternatives. These competitive online mutual fund providers allow individuals to pay low fees for many of the services previously offered only to large institutional investors. As a result fund managers will need to improve their performance and reduce their fees if they are to compete in the long-term with the new online providers.
Regulation of Surfactant Protein Gene Expression by Retinoic Acid Metabolites

Surfactant-associated proteins (SP) play an important role in the function of pulmonary surfactant. We have previously shown that SP-B mRNA is increased whereas SP-A and SP-C mRNA are decreased by all-trans-retinoic acid(RA) in a dose-dependent manner in human fetal lung explants. All-trans-RA binds primarily to the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and 9-cis-RA binds primarily to the retinoid X receptors (RXRs). Because the fetal lung contains RXRs, we hypothesized that 9-cis-RA regulates surfactant protein gene expression in lung epithelial cells. H441 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, which synthesize SP-A and SP-B mRNA and protein, were treated with either all-trans-RA or 9-cis-RA(10-10 to 10-6 M) for 24 h. Neither all-trans-RA nor 9-cis-RA had an effect on SP-A mRNA levels in the H441 cells. All-trans-RA (10-6 M) significantly increased SP-B mRNA levels in the H441 cells and 9-cis-RA had a smaller, not statistically significant effect. Human fetal lung explants were treated with 9-cis-RA for 6 d. 9-cis-RA did not significantly increase SP-B mRNA levels, significantly inhibited SP-A mRNA levels at all concentrations tested, and significantly inhibited SP-C mRNA levels at 10-6 M in the human fetal lung explants. Both all-trans-RA(10-6 M) and 9-cis-RA (10-6 M) significantly increased SP-B protein levels in the human fetal lung explants. Together, these results are suggestive that all-trans-RA directly regulates SP-B gene expression in human pulmonary epithelial cells. In addition, the inhibitory effect of all-trans-RA and 9-cis-RA on SP-A mRNA levels in pulmonary epithelial cells is probably an indirect effect mediated by other cell types present in fetal lung tissue.
The Ly‐49 family: genes, proteins and recognition of class I MHC

Summary: The Ly‐49 family consists of at least nine members, of which Ly‐49A and C have been found to be NK‐cell inhibitory receptors specific for class I MHC. The functions of other Ly‐49 molecules are still unclear. Further analysis of Ly‐49 is complicated by the cross‐reactivities of some anti‐Ly‐49 anybodies initially thought to be specific for individual Ly‐49 molecules. Studies on the role of Ly‐49 in hybrid resistance as well as on allelic exclusion are also complicated by our recent finding that a novel Ly‐49CB6 gene is the likely allelic form of Ly‐49CMLB AS opposed to a previously reported highly related but distinct gene in B6 mice. In cell binding assays, only Ly‐49A and C show significant binding to class I MHC, Ly‐49A and C also bind some polysaccharides, and carbohydrates on class I MHC seem to be important for its binding to Ly‐49, However, this interaction involves NOT only the carbohydrate recognition domain of Ly‐49 but also a part of the stalk region, suggesting that both caxbohydrates and peptide backbone of class I MHC may be recognized by Ly‐49. It is likely that additional Ly‐49 mole cells yet to be identified function as NK‐inhibitory receptors specific for class I MHC.
Geo-Additive Models of Childhood Undernutrition in Three Sub-Saharan African Countries

We investigate the geographical and socioeconomic determinants of childhood undernutrition in Malawi, Tanzania, and Zambia, three neighboring countries in Southern Africa using the 1992 Demographic and Health Surveys. We estimate models of undernutrition jointly for the three countries to explore regional patterns of undernutrition that transcend boundaries, while allowing for country-specific interactions. We use semiparamtetric models to flexibly model the effects of selected socioeconomic covariates and spatial effects. Our spatial analysis is based on a flexible geo-additive model using the district as the geographic unit of analysis, which allows to separate smooth structured spatial effects from random effects. Inference is fully Bayesian and uses recent Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. While the socioeconomic determinants generally confirm what is known in the literature, we find important non-linear effects of some covariates. Also, we find distinct residual spatial patterns that are not explained by the socioeconomic determinants. In Particular, there appears to be a belt running from Southern Tanzania to Northeastern Zambia which exhibits much worse undernutrition, even after controlling for socioecononomic effects. These effects do transcend borders, but to a varying degree. These findings have important implications for targeting policy as well as the search for left-out variables that might account for these residual spatial patterns.
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission and Auditory Brain Stem Response Measures of Pediatric Sensorineural Hearing Loss with Islands of Normal Sensitivity

Objective: To assess the accuracy of: 1) distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) measures for the identification of frequencies at which auditory sensitivity is normal or near normal; and 2) click and nonmasked tone burst‐evoked auditory brain stem response (ABR) thresholds for behavioral threshold estimation for children with sensorineural hearing loss characterized by islands of normal sensitivity. Design: DPOAEs and ABRs were recorded from five hearing‐impaired and eight normal‐hearing pediatric ears. The accuracy with which DPOAEs permitted identification of frequencies at which elevated hearing thresholds were present was examined. ABR and pure‐tone threshold differences for the impaired ears were calculated. Results: For three of the five hearing‐impaired ears, significant impairments would have been missed based on click‐evoked ABR thresholds. One of those hearing‐impaired ears provided an essentially normal 500 Hz tone burst‐evoked ABR threshold as well. Four of the hearing‐impaired ears provided a 500 Hz tone burst‐evoked ABR threshold within 10 dB of the respective pure‐tone threshold. However, click‐evoked ABR and 500 Hz tone burst‐evoked ABR threshold data did not adequately delineate the hearing loss configuration for hearing aid frequency response selection. DPOAEs were present at three out of four frequencies from 1000 to 4000 Hz at which sensitivity was normal or near normal (≤25 dB HL) and absent at 10 out of 11 frequencies at which sensitivity was impaired. The use of DPOAEs to identify frequencies at which sensitivity was normal and the use of tone burst ABR thresholds at frequencies where DPOAEs were absent provided a better estimate of these pure‐tone audiograms than was provided by click‐evoked and 500 Hz tone burst‐evoked ABR thresholds.
Gender Segregation in Occupation and Education in Kosovo

Inequality in labor market in Kosovo is persistent; the level of unemployment is highest in Europe. Unemployment rate is 35,1% and from this the level of unemployment for females is higher than males, with the highest level among females with low educational qualifications, primary and secondary and for unskilled. The aim of this paper is to present the level of segregation in education and also in occupation in Kosovo among the working population considering gender. Although there is an increasing level of females entering and finishing the education in each levels of education a gap between genders is still noticeable. The segregation in enrolment and graduation for females is still very concentrated in faculties of philosophy, philology, education, economics and medicine. Occupational segregation has the important role in gender inequality since it reduces the opportunities for females to be more concentrated to the jobs that are in the higher scale of the economy, we find that the main concentration of female employment are in education health and caring activities about 40 % of employed women are in these sector’s which is similar with other regional countries. Kosovo has also highest level of inactivity among the working force population from the latest LFS almost two-thirds of Kosovo’s population is of working age (15-64 years). Of those who are working age, 63.1% are not economically active. Activity and employment rates tend to increase with education for both men and women. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2015. v4n2p511