Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Institute for Mathematical Physics Rolling down the Throat in Ns5–brane Background: the Case of Electrified D–brane Rolling down the Throat in Ns5-brane Background: the Case of Electrified D-brane

We study rolling radion dynamics of electrified D-brane in NS5-brane background, both in effective field theory and in full open string theory. We construct exact boundary states and, from them, extract conserved Noether currents. We argue that T-duality and Lorentz boost offer an intuitive approach. In the limit of large number of NS5-branes, both boundary wave functions and conserved currents are sharply peaked and agree with those deduced from the effective field theory. As the number of NS5-branes is reduced, width around the peak becomes wider by string corrections. We also study radiative decay process. By applying Lorentz covariance, we show how the decay of electrified D-brane is related to that of bare D-brane. We compute spectral moments of final state energy and winding quantum number. Using Lorentz covariance argument, we explain in elementary way why winding quantum number should be included and derive rules how to do so. We conclude that Kutasov's " geometric realization " between radion rolling dynamics and tachyon rolling dynamics holds universally, both for bare and electrified D-branes.
A new phonetic model for continuous speech recognition systems

The main goal of this work is to describe a new model for a large vocabulary continuous speech recognition system using a phonetic-phonological approach. This work proposes a statistical phonetic structure, applied at the phonetic-phonological level, to improve the speech recognition performance in systems with phonetic-phonological modeling. It is shown that the general likelihood scores are increased, indicating better recognition performance. This is due to the fact that the statistical phonetic structure leads to enhancement of some frequent phonetic combinations from the language itself. Such a structure should be considered as an additional knowledge base, containing information about the real language phonetic structure. Also this new phonetic-phonological approach should be strongly recommended for use in spontaneous speech recognition systems.
The Impact of Hosting Major Sporting Events on Local Residents: an Analysis of the Views and Perceptions of Canterbury Residents in Relation to the Tour de France 2007

While much is written on the economic and social impacts of certain types of major sports tourism event such as the Olympic Games and soccer World Cup, there has been relatively little assessment of different types of event, such as the Tour de France. Furthermore, most impact studies assess the impacts either during or after the event. This paper examines certain impacts in relation to the Tour de France Stage One race that ended in the city of Canterbury on 8 July 2007, but adopts a different approach by examining the views and perceptions of residents in the run up to the event rather than looking at impacts per se. 408 residents were interviewed to assess the extent to which the local population was aware of the event, likely to participate in it and how far they would support it. In addition, the study was also concerned to assess the effectiveness of the City Council's promotional campaign. Results showed that the vast majority of residents were aware of the event with many planning to watch the race or participate in related activities. Furthermore, despite the potential for various negative impacts, there was overwhelming support for the decision to host the event, suggesting a very successful promotional campaign by the City Council.
Strategies for safe donor expansion: donor management, donations after cardiac death, ex-vivo lung perfusion

Purpose of reviewThe number of patients listed for lung transplantation largely exceeds the number of available transplantable organs because of both a shortage of organ donors and a low utilization rate of lungs from those donors. Two major innovations in recent years include the use of lungs from donations after cardiac death (DCD) and the use of ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) to assess and improve injured donor lungs. Recent findingsDCD lung transplants now account for about 20% of lung transplants in many centres and outcomes after transplantation have been excellent with this source of donation. Clinical experience using EVLP has shown the method to be well tolerated and allow for reassessment and improvement in function from high-risk donor lungs. When these lungs were transplanted, low rates of primary graft dysfunction were achieved and long-term survival was comparable with standard transplantation. Preclinical studies have shown a great potential of EVLP as a platform for the delivery of novel therapies to repair injured donor lungs. SummaryA significant increase on the number of available lungs for transplantation is expected in the coming years with the wider use of DCD lungs and with organ-specific ex-vivo treatment strategies.
Analysis and optimization of waveguide multiapplicator hyperthermia systems

A method is proposed for determining the excitation coefficients of an antenna array operating in a large rectangular waveguide and used as a hyperthermia system. The excitation coefficients of the array elements are optimized for attaining an improved specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution around a deep-seated tumor. The method is applied to a two-dimensional problem of a piecewise homogeneous post in a waveguide representing a section of the human torso. The array is operating below the cutoff frequency of the dominant mode of the waveguide. Numerical simulations have been performed to check the effectiveness of this approach. The results show that by using the proposed optimization method, SAR distributions can be improved. <<ETX>>
Allosteric Mechanisms of Signal Transduction

Forty years ago, a simple model of allosteric mechanisms (indirect interactions between distinct sites), used initially to explain feedback-inhibited enzymes, was presented by Monod, Wyman, and Changeux. We review the MWC theory and its applications for the understanding of signal transduction in biology, and also identify remaining issues that deserve theoretical and experimental substantiation.
Reduced apolipoprotein ϵ4 allele frequency in the oldest old Alzheimer's patients and cognitively normal individuals

Recent genetic studies show that the apolipoprotein E ϵ4 allele (ApoE- ϵ4) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). If ApoE- ϵ4 individuals develop AD as they get older, we would expect a decrease in ApoE- ϵ4 allele frequency with increasing age. We found a marked decline in ApoE- ϵ4 allele frequency with advancing age in both AD and cognitively normal controls (p < 0.003), although in all age groups the ApoE- ϵ4 allele was overrepresented (p < 0.0001). Nonetheless, a few cognitively normal nonagenarians were ApoE- ϵ4 positive. Thus, our data support two new conclusions: (1) the ApoE- ϵ4 associated risk for AD is age-dependent, probably due to censoring by the earlier development of AD in ApoE- ϵ4 individuals, and (2) despite the ApoE- ϵ4 associated risk for AD, it is possible to reach extreme old age with normal cognition.
Psychiatric aspects of violence in Northern Ireland

This article reviews a number of studies which have examined the possible impact of political violence on psychiatric morbidity in Northern Ireland. A brief introduction outlining the way in which the violence has varied spatially, quantitatively and qualitatively since 1969 also draws attention to other possible stressors in Northern Irish society. This is followed by a detailed review of studies which have analysed either admission and referral rates, suicide and attempted suicide rates, trends in psychotropic drug prescribing or data from community-based studies. The criticism is made that several of the early studies did not pay enough attention to important sociodemographic factors and therefore are open to interpretations other than those originally proposed. Nevertheless some agreement does emerge suggesting that it is unlikely that the political violence caused any marked increase in serious psychiatric illnesses but rather stimulated an increase in normal anxiety, particularly among the more vulnerable and especially those with a previous history. Further recent research has begun to suggest that denial of the seriousness of the violence may be one of the mechanisms being used to enable people in Northern Ireland to cope with this continuing problem.
Time-space tradeoffs in resolution: superpolynomial lower bounds for superlinear space

We give the first time-space tradeoff lower bounds for Resolution proofs that apply to superlinear space. In particular, we show that there are formulas of size N that have Resolution refutations of space and size each roughly Nlog2 N (and like all formulas have Resolution refutations of space N) for which any Resolution refutation using space S and length T requires T ≥ (N0.58 log2 N/S)Ω(log log N/log log log N). By downward translation, a similar tradeoff applies to all smaller space bounds. We also show somewhat stronger time-space tradeoff lower bounds for Regular Resolution, which are also the first to apply to superlinear space. Namely, for any space bound S at most 2o(N1/4) there are formulas of size $N$, having clauses of width 4, that have Regular Resolution proofs of space S and slightly larger size T=O(NS), but for which any Regular Resolution proof of space S1-ε requires length TΩ(log log N/ log log log N).
DEPENDENCE OF BRAIN TRYPTAMINE FORMATION ON TRYPTOPHAN AVAILABILITY

Abstract— The dependence of rat brain tryptamine (TA) formation on tryptophan availability was investigated. Rat brain TA was found to accumulate linearly with respect to time over 90min following pargyline (75 mg/kg. i.p.). The in vivo rate of brain TA appearance was estimated to be 0.1 nmol/g/h. After tryptophan loading the accumulation of brain TA and 5‐HT in pargyline‐pretreated rats was linearly related to both brain and plasma tryptophan concentrations. Low doses of tryptophan (5–10 mg/kg. i.p.) produced statistically significant increments in brain TA formation. The findings of this study indicate that the in vivo formation of TA in rat brain is directly dependent upon brain and plasma tryptophan concentrations.
Do Maternal and Paternal Mental Illness and Substance Abuse Predict Treatment Outcomes for Children Exposed to Violence?

This study examined whether having a parent with a mental illness or a parent who abuses substances predicts treatment outcomes for children receiving community-based services for exposure to violence. From 2001 to 2011, data were collected from 492 children from one-and-a-half to seven years old and their primary caregivers enrolled in Safe From the Start services. Results indicated significant improvements pre-intervention to post-intervention in child emotional and behavioural problems, as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). One-way bivariate analyses indicated that children of mothers or fathers with a mental illness and children of mothers who abused substances had higher CBCL scores at intake. Repeated-measures analyses of variance revealed a main effect such that maternal and paternal mental illness and maternal substance abuse were associated with poorer CBCL scores. The only parental risk factor to moderate the association between treatment and CBCL scores was paternal mental illness. Treatment was associated with greater improvement in CBCL scores for children of fathers with, relative to those without, mental illness, and the effect was due to higher CBCL scores at intake for children of fathers with mental illness rather than lower outcome scores. Results suggest that Safe From the Start services which provide early intervention can be effective in improving children's emotional and behavioural functioning. Additionally, the effectiveness of services appears to be robust to parental risk factors such as mental illness and substance abuse.
MAPS: An integrated framework for MPSoC application parallelization

In the past few years, MPSoC has become the most popular solution for embedded computing. However, the challenge of programming MPSoCs also comes as the biggest side-effect of the solution. Especially, when designers have to face the legacy C code accumulated through the years, the tool support is mostly unsatisfactory. In this paper, we propose an integrated framework, MAPS, which aims at parallelizing C applications for MPSoC platforms. It extracts coarse-grained parallelism on a novel granularity level. A set of tools have been developed for the framework. We will introduce the major components and their functionalities. Two case studies will be given, which demonstrate the use of MAPS on two different kinds of applications. In both cases the proposed framework helps the programmer to extract parallelism efficiently.
Adorable woman, expert man: Changing gender images of women and men in management

In the past, leadership was perceived to be the special province of males and still females tend not to occupy top management positions. Traditional social stereotypes hold that a leader needs to have typical masculine characteristics: he needs to be competitive, aggressive, tough and successful. Due to important changes in the conception of the societal female and male gender role during the last decades it can be assumed that the classical sex role stereotypes have at least become less polarized. Obituaries concerning deceased male and female managers, published in the years 1974, 1980 and 1986 in four daily newspapers were content analysed. Terms used to describe the managers were classified into 53 categories and included in a correspondence analysis. The results show that images of male and female managers were dissimilar in 1974 and 1980 and were still different in 1986. Male managers were perceived as intelligent, knowledgeable, experienced, outstanding instructors, unselfish opinion-leaders with an enviable entrepreneurial spirit. Women, on the other hand, were described as adorable, likeable superiors in 1974 and 1980. Some years later, in 1986, they became fighting managers: their surviving colleagues described them as courageous, highly committed workers who, nevertheless are still lacking in knowledge and expertise.
‘Live to work’ or ‘work to live’? A qualitative study of gender and work–life balance among men and women in mid-life

Many contemporary studies of ‘work–life balance’ either ignore gender or take it for granted. We conducted semi-structured interviews with men and women in mid-life (aged 50 to 52 years) in order to compare their experiences of work–life balance. Our data suggest that gender remains embedded in the ways that respondents negotiate home and work life. The women discussed their current problems juggling a variety of roles (despite having no young children at home), while men confined their discussion of such conflicts to the past, when their children were young. However, diversity among men (some of whom ‘worked to live’ while others ‘lived to work’) and women (some of whom constructed themselves in relation to their families, while others positioned themselves as ‘independent women’) was apparent, as were some commonalities between men and women (both men and women constructed themselves as ‘pragmatic workers’). We suggest ways in which gender-neutral theories of work–life balance may be extended.
Elliptic and hyperelliptic curves on embedded μP

It is widely recognized that data security will play a central role in future IT systems. Providing public-key cryptographic primitives, which are the core tools for security, is often difficult on embedded processor due to computational, memory, and power constraints. This contribution appears to be the first thorough comparison of two public-key families, namely elliptic curve (ECC) and hyperelliptic curve cryptosystems on a wide range of embedded processor types (ARM, ColdFire, PowerPC). We investigated the influence of the processor type, resources, and architecture regarding throughput. Further, we improved previously known HECC algorithms resulting in a more efficient arithmetic.
Relational Language Facilitates Analogy in Children

One important function of language is to name relations . Preschool children performed a simple mapping task with and without hearing spatial prepositions calling attention to key relations . Children at 44 months were successful only if they were in the language condition . By 49 months, children were competent on the task regardless of condition, although there were still benefits of language . These results suggests that relational language can therefore be an important tool for highlighting relational commonalities children may otherwise tail to use .
Identification of genes specifically expressed by human Müller cells by use of subtractive hybridization.

PURPOSE Müller cells are the predominant type of glial cells in the retina. They play a critical role in the retina. The purpose of this study was to generate a profile of the genes specifically expressed by human retinal Müller cells and to identify genes that may be responsible for retinal diseases. METHODS Subtractive hybridization is a method process by which two populations of mRNA are compared in order to obtain clones of genes expressed in one population but not in the other. A cDNA subtraction library was constructed using RNA isolated from human Müller cells and human astrocytes. PCR-select differential screening was used to further verify the differentially expressed cDNA clones. Positive clones were sequenced and analyzed using the NCBI BLASTN program to identify sequence homologies. RESULTS We identified 194 clones specifically expressed in human Müller cells. Among these clones, 102 corresponded to known human genes. Of the remaining 94 clones, 75 corresponded to expressed sequence tags or genomic clones and 19 transcripts did not match with any sequence in databases, and are possibly novel genes. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of the subtraction library revealed genes that are specifically expressed by human Müller cells. Some of these genes are unidentified, novel genes that are specific to Müller cells as determined by RT-PCR and Northern blot analyses. These novel genes thus represent candidate genes for retinal diseases.
IEEE Standard 1500 Compatible Delay Test Framework

Rapid advances in semiconductor technology have made timing-related defects increasingly crucial in core-based system-on-chip designs. Currently, modular test strategies based on IEEE standard 1500 are applied to test the functionality of each embedded core in system-on-chip (SoC) designs but fail to verify the corresponding timing specifications. In this paper, to achieve high quality of delay tests, hardware implementation of an embedded delay test framework including the modified test wrappers and the embedded delay test mechanism is presented to build an entirely embedded delay test environment where at-speed clock is applied inside the chip to increase test accuracy. Additionally, the proposed delay test framework is capable of supporting all current solutions of core-based delay test. The experimental results successfully demonstrate the delay testing application using the proposed framework to a crypto processor with satisfying test quality and effectiveness.
Speaking of Fashion: Consumers' Uses of Fashion Discourses and the Appropriation of Countervailing Cultural Meanings

This article explores the ways that consumers use fashion discourse to inscribe their consumption behaviors in a complex ideological system of folk theories about the nature of self and society. Verbatim texts of 20 phenomenological interviews concerning consumers' perceptions and experiences of fashion are interpreted through a hermeneutic process with specific consideration given to gender issues. Whereas critics of consumer culture frequently argue that fashion discourses enshroud consumer perceptions in a common hegemonic outlook, our analysis suggests that this ideological system offers a myriad of countervailing interpretive standpoints that consumers combine, adapt, and juxtapose to fit the conditions of their everyday lives. By appropriating fashion discourse, consumers generate personalized fashion narratives and metaphoric and metonymic references that negotiate key existential tensions and that often express resistance to dominant fashion norms in their social milieu or consumer culture at large. A theoretical model is derived that portrays a dialogical relationship between consumers and this cultural system of countervailing fashion meanings. The implications of this model for future research on the meaning transfer process and the sociocognitive dimensions of consumer beliefs are discussed.
Spin inversion devices operating at Fano anti-resonances

Using the exact two-propagating-modes solutions for electrons in a quasi-2D semiconductor wave guide under sectionally constant magnetic fields and spin-orbit interactions, it is explicitly shown that the Fano-like resonances and antiresonances lead to sudden suppressions and enhancements of the spin-dependent transmission probabilities. Our calculations show that when the magnetic-field-tilting angle θH is increased, the spin-field interaction becomes the most significant mechanism for the spin transitions in magnetic superlattices. Taking advantage of these spin-transport effects, simple and efficient spin-inverter devices are proposed. To better visualize the relative influence of the specific semiconductor properties on the device performance and device characteristics, we consider two magnetic superlattices based on semiconductors having entirely different Landè g-factor: GaAs and InSb. Although slightly more efficient spin-inversion devices are obtained for the GaAs semiconductor, InSb requires lower magnetic fields and its efficiency can be close to 80%.
On Probing Signal Design For MIMO Radar

A multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system, unlike a standard phased-array radar, can choose freely the probing signals transmitted via its antennas to maximize the power around the locations of the targets of interest, or more generally to approximate a given transmit beampattern, and also to minimize the cross-correlation of the signals reflected back to the radar by the targets of interest. In this paper, we show how the above desirable features can be achieved by designing the covariance matrix of the probing signal vector transmitted by the radar. Moreover, in a numerical study, we show that the proper choice of the probing signals can significantly improve the performance of adaptive MIMO radar techniques. Additionally, we demonstrate the advantages of several MIMO transmit beampattern designs, including a beampattern matching design and a minimum sidelobe beampattern design, over their phased-array counterparts.