Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Data integration of structured and unstructured sources for assigning clinical codes to patient stays

OBJECTIVE Enormous amounts of healthcare data are becoming increasingly accessible through the large-scale adoption of electronic health records. In this work, structured and unstructured (textual) data are combined to assign clinical diagnostic and procedural codes (specifically ICD-9-CM) to patient stays. We investigate whether integrating these heterogeneous data types improves prediction strength compared to using the data types in isolation. METHODS Two separate data integration approaches were evaluated. Early data integration combines features of several sources within a single model, and late data integration learns a separate model per data source and combines these predictions with a meta-learner. This is evaluated on data sources and clinical codes from a broad set of medical specialties. RESULTS When compared with the best individual prediction source, late data integration leads to improvements in predictive power (eg, overall F-measure increased from 30.6% to 38.3% for International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnostic codes), while early data integration is less consistent. The predictive strength strongly differs between medical specialties, both for ICD-9-CM diagnostic and procedural codes. DISCUSSION Structured data provides complementary information to unstructured data (and vice versa) for predicting ICD-9-CM codes. This can be captured most effectively by the proposed late data integration approach. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that models using multiple electronic health record data sources systematically outperform models using data sources in isolation in the task of predicting ICD-9-CM codes over a broad range of medical specialties.
The message-driven processor: a multicomputer processing node with efficient mechanisms

The message-driven processor (MDP), a 36-b, 1.1-million transistor, VLSI microcomputer, specialized to operate efficiently in a multicomputer, is described. The MDP chip includes a processor, a 4096-word by 36-b memory, and a network port. An on-chip memory controller with error checking and correction (ECC) permits local memory to be expanded to one million words by adding external DRAM chips. The MDP incorporates primitive mechanisms for communication, synchronization, and naming which support most proposed parallel programming models. The MDP system architecture, instruction set architecture, network architecture, implementation, and software are discussed. <<ETX>>
Electromagnetic Shielding Properties of Carbon Fibre Composites in Avionic Systems

The shielding properties of carbon fibres in composite materials are compared for two particular lamination examples used in avionics. Plane wave shielding theory and effective medium theory are compared in this work and found to provide the same theoretical shielding level. Measurements have been performed on samples at both X-band and S-band providing shielding effectiveness greater than 70 dB. This work has found that reflection is the main shielding mechanism for this particular type of carbon fibre composite material. Measurements have also been performed on reduced thickness laminates to test the simulated results. This also provided up to 70 dB of shielding across the measured frequency band.
Organizing the neo - geography collections with annotated space - time paths

In combination with other Web 2.0 facilities such as wiki's, blogs, photosharing, podcasting, social software like facebook, folksonomy and (geo)tagging, as well as rss feeds many people contribute to the collection of geo-referenced materials. The data are made available via the web using mashups on top of Google Earth / Google Maps and alike. This trend has been ‘classified’ as neogeography, and has resulted in a tremendous increase in the availability of geo-related data. This has a major impact on maps on the web. Again we can witness an increase in web map use, but the problem is that for certain areas of interest all available geo-tagged information is plotted together resulting in chaotic and overloaded maps. If it is assumed those maps have to be made more readable what can be the strategy?
Predicting Economic Market Crises Using Measures of Collective Panic

Predicting panic is of critical importance in many areas of human and animal behavior, notably in the context of economics. The recent financial crisis is a case in point. Panic may be due to a specific external threat, or self-generated nervousness. Here we show that the recent economic crisis and earlier large single-day panics were preceded by extended periods of high levels of market mimicry --- direct evidence of uncertainty and nervousness, and of the comparatively weak influence of external news. High levels of mimicry can be a quite general indicator of the potential for self-organized crises.
Novel smiling face-shaped antenna for dual band-notched ultra-wideband applications

This article presents the design of a novel ultra-wideband microstrip fed planar monopole antenna with dual band-notched characteristics. The shape of the antenna is a smiling face with double braids; its lovely and simple design has advantage to beatify the product By etching a mouth-shaped slot in the radiating patch and adding a double braids-shaped strip on the top, the dual notched bands for WiMAX and WLAN applications can be obtained, respectively. The eyes-shaped slots are just designed for beatification without affecting the characteristic of radiation. The simulated and measured results show that the center frequencies of the notched bands are greatly affected by the flare angle of the double braids-shaped strip and the mouth-shaped slot The fabricated antenna shows the broadband impedance-matching, stable gain, and near omnidirectional radiation pattern.
Drug utilisation study of antimalarials for the treatment of hospitalised children under five in south‐eastern Nigeria

This study aimed at describing the trend in the use of antimalarials for the treatment of malaria in children under 5 years from year 2000 to 2006 in south‐eastern Nigeria. Adherence to the 2005 National Antimalarial Treatment Policy was assessed. Quality of drug use was also evaluated. Quality indices studied were the use of international non‐proprietary name (INN) in prescription, number antimalarials per episode and use of drugs from essential drug list.
Space-Based Architectures as Abstraction Layer for Distributed Business Applications

For constantly changing businesses, it is essential that the underlying software architecture is capable of managing agile business processes and meeting future business needs. Decoupling between applications and services in distributed systems is addressed by e. g. , service-oriented architectures. On the other hand, applications and its underlying middleware are still tightly coupled with respect to the middleware's architectural style. As a result of the tight coupling middleware adaptations introduced due to e. g. , new business requirements can affect the application as well. In this paper we propose the concept of space-based architecture (SBA), that allows decoupling distributed applications with respect to the underlying middleware architecture by combining the characteristics and properties of state-of-the-art middleware architectural styles captured in a simple API. The benefit of our approach is minimal application adaptations in case of changing the underlying middleware architectural style, which allows for more efficient realization of new business requirements.
AQUATIC TRAINING – AN ALTERNATIVE OR A COMPLEMENT TO THE LAND-BASED TRAINING

The aquatic training methods are all types of training while the body is immersed in water. The most important factor influencing the body is the low impact nature of the exercises. Thephysical characteristics of the water affect human body during standing or floating in supine or prone position. The level of immersion and the water temperature will affect human body in rest but also while doing aquatic exercise. In this review, the cardiorespiratory changes during the aquatic training are discussed, especially during the deep and shallow water running. Also, the changes in neuromuscular status during others types of exercise in water are analyzed. There are possible benefits, as improving the physical fitness of an athlete and accelerating the post-game or post-training recovery which might be obtained during aquatic training. Water environment is also favorable for injured athletes during rehabilitation and also for other athletes that are experiencing interruptions in training process and competition programs caused by illness or other factors such as postseason break. Therefore, it is important to identify the effects and mechanisms of the aquatic training that are associated with changes in physiological status and athletic performance in athletes.
Regulation of gene expression in the mouse oocyte and early preimplantation embryo: developmental changes in Sp1 and TATA box-binding protein, TBP.

We previously demonstrated that an Sp1-dependent reporter gene is preferentially expressed in G2 of the 1-cell mouse embryo following microinjection of the male pronucleus when compared to microinjection of the female pronucleus (P.T. Ram and R.M. Schultz, 1993, Dev. Biol. 156, 552-556). We also noted that expression of the reporter gene is not observed following microinjection of the germinal vesicle of the fully grown oocyte. In the present study, we examined expression of this reporter gene during oocyte growth, as well as the nuclear concentration of two transcription factors, Sp1 and the TATA box-binding protein, TBP, during oocyte growth and the first cell cycle. The extent of reporter gene expression decreases during oocyte growth and this decrease correlates with the decrease in nuclear concentration of Sp1, as determined by confocal immunofluorescent microscopy. In addition, results of immunoblotting experiments also indicate a similar decrease in the total concentration of Sp1 during oocyte growth. The nuclear concentration of TBP also decreases during oocyte growth, as determined by confocal immunofluorescent microscopy. Following fertilization, the pronuclear concentration of these two transcription factors increases in a time-dependent fashion and the concentration of each is greater in the male pronucleus as compared to the female pronucleus. For each pronucleus and for each transcription factor, this increase in nuclear concentration is inhibited by aphidicolin, which inhibits DNA synthesis. Last, the increase in nuclear concentration of these two proteins observed between the 1-cell and 2-cell stages does not require transcription or cytokinesis.
Using run-time reconfiguration for fault injection in hardware prototypes

In this paper, a new methodology for the injection of single event upsets (SEU) in memory elements is introduced. SEUs in memory elements can occur due to many reasons (e.g. particle hits, radiation) and at any time. It becomes therefore important to examine the behaviour of circuits when an SEU occurs in them. Reconfigurable hardware (especially FPGAs) was shown to be suitable to emulate the behaviour of a logic design and to realise fault injection. The proposed methodology for SEU injection exploits FPGAs and, contrarily to the most common fault injection techniques, realises the injection directly in the reconfigurable hardware, taking advantage of run-time reconfiguration capabilities of the device. In this case, no modification of the initial design description is needed to inject a fault, that results in avoiding hardware overheads and specific synthesis, place and route phases.
Efficient navigation for anyshape holonomic mobile robots in dynamic environments

Platforms with holonomic drives are particularly interesting due to their maneuvering capabilities. Robots used for transportation tasks usually have a non-circular footprint. In this work, we present a navigation strategy for a holonomic mobile robot with anyshape footprint. Our technique introduces an efficient navigation method based on a strategy that makes use of discrete and continuous techniques. We introduce compact discrete intervals to represent the free space for computing fast-to-update plans. Based on these, we provide a continuous motion generation approach to generate smooth motions that are fast to compute. We evaluated our approach by running simulated experiments and by using a real holonomic L-shaped robot. Our experiments demonstrate that our technique can be carried out online and is able to smoothly drive the robot to its goal locations even in dynamic environments.
Non-invasive Detection of Acute Renal Allograft Rejection by Measurement of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Urine

Urinary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 199 renal allograft recipients and 80 healthy controls. Urinary VEGF level did not change significantly during the first 8 weeks after transplantation in 119 patients with stable renal function and there were no abnormal histological findings (No-AR). In 67 patients with acute rejection, urinary VEGF was significantly higher (28.57 ± 6.21 pg/μmol creatinine) than in the No-AR patients (3.05 ± 0.45 pg/μmol creatinine) and healthy controls (2.87 ± 0.35 pg/μmol creatinine). At a cut-off point of 3.26 pg/μmol creatinine, sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of acute rejection were 86.6 and 71.4%, respectively. The 13 patients with subclinical rejection excreted urinary VEGF (16.14 ± 4.09 pg/μmol creatinine) at a significantly higher level than No-AR patients (3.05 ± 0.45 pg/μmol creatinine). At a cut-off point of 4.69 pg/μmol creatinine, sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of subclinical rejection were 84.6 and 79.8%, respectively. In conclusion, monitoring VEGF in urine might offer a new non-invasive way to detect acute and subclinical rejection in renal transplant recipients.
A Layered Approach to People Detection in 3D Range Data

People tracking is a key technology for autonomous systems, intelligent cars and social robots operating in populated environments. What makes the task difficult is that the appearance of humans in range data can change drastically as a function of body pose, distance to the sensor, self-occlusion and occlusion by other objects. In this paper we propose a novel approach to pedestrian detection in 3D range data based on supervised learning techniques to create a bank of classifiers for different height levels of the human body. In particular, our approach applies AdaBoost to train a strong classifier from geometrical and statistical features of groups of neighboring points at the same height. In a second step, the AdaBoost classifiers mutually enforce their evidence across different heights by voting into a continuous space. Pedestrians are finally found efficiently by mean-shift search for local maxima in the voting space. Experimental results carried out with 3D laser range data illustrate the robustness and efficiency of our approach even in cluttered urban environments. The learned people detector reaches a classification rate up to 96% from a single 3D scan.
Endotoxin-tolerant Mice Have Mutations in Toll-like Receptor 4 (Tlr4)

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) provokes a vigorous, generalized proinflammatory state in the infected host. Genetic regulation of this response has been localized to the Lps locus on mouse chromosome 4, through study of the C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr inbred strains. Both C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice are homozygous for a mutant Lps allele (Lpsd/d) that confers hyporesponsiveness to LPS challenge, and therefore exhibit natural tolerance to its lethal effects. Genetic and physical mapping of 1,345 backcross progeny segregating this mutant phenotype confined Lps to a 0.9-cM interval spanning 1.7 Mb. Three transcription units were identified within the candidate interval, including Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), part of a protein family with members that have been implicated in LPS-induced cell signaling. C3H/HeJ mice have a point mutation within the coding region of the Tlr4 gene, resulting in a nonconservative substitution of a highly conserved proline by histidine at codon 712, whereas C57BL/ 10ScCr mice exhibit a deletion of Tlr4. Identification of distinct mutations involving the same gene at the Lps locus in two different hyporesponsive inbred mouse strains strongly supports the hypothesis that altered Tlr4 function is responsible for endotoxin tolerance.
The structure of the cell cycle protein Cdc14 reveals a proline‐directed protein phosphatase

The Cdc14 family of dual‐specificity protein phosphatases (DSPs) is conserved within eukaryotes and functions to down‐regulate mitotic Cdk activities, promoting cytokinesis and mitotic exit. We have integrated structural and kinetic analyses to define the molecular mechanism of the dephosphorylation reaction catalysed by Cdc14. The structure of Cdc14 illustrates a novel arrangement of two domains, each with a DSP‐like fold, arranged in tandem. The C‐terminal domain contains the conserved PTP motif of the catalytic site, whereas the N‐terminal domain, which shares no sequence similarity with other DSPs, contributes to substrate specificity, and lacks catalytic activity. The catalytic site is located at the base of a pronounced surface channel formed by the interface of the two domains, and regions of both domains interact with the phosphopeptide substrate. Specificity for a pSer‐Pro motif is mediated by a hydrophobic pocket that is capable of accommodating the apolar Pro(P+1) residue of the peptide. Our structural and kinetic data support a role for Cdc14 in the preferential dephosphorylation of proteins modified by proline‐directed kinases.
On Viterbi Detector Path Metric Di erences 1

This paper continues the investigation of methods for computing exact bounds on the path metric diierences in maximum-likelihood sequence detectors based upon the Viterbi algorithm. New upper and lower estimates for these bounds are presented and recast in terms of a collection of linear programming problems. These estimates improve upon previously proposed linear programming bounds. The estimates are applied to derive exact bounds or provably close to exact bounds for several Viterbi detectors corresponding to coded and uncoded partial-response channels of practical interest in digital magnetic and optical recording.
Designing a novel dental root analogue implant using cone beam computed tomography and CAD/CAM technology.

OBJECTIVES The study aim is to introduce a novel preemptively constructed dental root analogue implant (RAI) based on three-dimensional (3D) root surface models obtained from a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, computer aided designing and computer aided manufacturing technology. MATERIALS & METHODS One partially edentulous mandibular human cadaver was scanned with the Accuitomo 170 CBCT system. The scan volumes and datasets were used to create 3D surface models of the tooth. A 3D surface mesh of the tooth was stored as a standard triangulation language (STL) file. A high-end selective laser melting technology was used to fabricate the RAI from the STL file. The RAI was produced in a biocompatible titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). Optical scanning technology was used to measure the RAI, as well as the natural tooth that was extracted. To validate the accuracy of the CBCT 3D root surface and the manufactured Titanium RAI, both surfaces were superimposed on the optical scan of the tooth, which served as the gold "reference" standard. RESULTS The differences between the RAI and the optical scan of the original tooth are most noticeable at the level of the apex and the cementenamel junction areas on the buccal and lingual side (divergence of more than 0.15 mm). Surface area measurements show an overall decrease in surface area of 6.33% for the RAI in comparison with the original tooth and an increase of 0.27% when comparing the 3D surface model with optical scan of the original tooth. CONCLUSION With the use of currently available technology it is very well feasible to preemptively create a custom RAI in titanium. However, clinical evidence evaluating the success of this novel dental implant approach is needed.
Push-Me Pull-You: Comparative Advertising in the OTC Analgesics Industry

We model comparative advertising as brands pushing up own brand perception and pulling down the brand image of targeted rivals. We watched all TV advertisements for OTC analgesics 2001-2005 to construct matrices of rival targeting and estimate the structural model. These attack matrices identify diversion ratios and hence comparative advertising damage measures. We find that outgoing comparative advertising attacks are half as powerful as self-promotion in raising own perceived quality and cause more damage to the targeted rival than benefit to the advertiser. Comparative advertising causes most damage through the pull-down effect and has substantial benefits to other rivals.
Microvascular changes following four‐hour single arteriole occlusion

Free tissue transplantations are lengthy procedures that result in prolong tissue ischemia. Restoral of blood flow is essential for free flap recovery; however, upon reperfusion tissue that is viable may continue to be nonperfused. To further elucidate this pathophysiology skeletal muscle microcirculation was investigated during reperfusion following 4‐hour single arteriole occlusion.
Evaluation of methane production manipulated by level of intake in growing cattle and corn oil in finishing cattle

Abstract Growing crossbred steers [n = 80, initial body weight (BW) = 274 kg, SD = 21] were used to evaluate the effect of ad libitum and limit-fed intakes on methane (CH4) production. Two treatments with four pens per treatment (10 steers per pen) were evaluated in a randomized block designed experiment, with BW as a blocking factor. Treatments included feeding the same diet at ad libitum intake or limit fed at 75% of ad libitum intakes. Diet consisted of 45% alfalfa, 30% sorghum silage, 22% modified distillers grains plus solubles, and supplement at 3% on a dry matter (DM) basis. This trial was followed by a finishing trial (n = 80; initial BW = 369 kg; SD = 25) to evaluate the effects of dietary corn oil on CH4 production. Two treatments with four pens per treatment (10 steers per pen) were used in a randomized complete block designed experiment. Cattle were rerandomized and blocked by BW within the previous treatment. Treatments consisted of a control diet (CON) containing 66% corn, 15% wet distillers grains plus solubles, 15% corn silage, and 4% supplement (DM basis). Corn oil treatment (OIL) displaced 3% corn by adding corn oil. Methane was collected in two pen-scale chambers by collecting air samples continuously from pens by rotating every 6 min with an ambient sample taken between pen measurements. Steers fed ad libitum had greater DM intake (DMI) by design and greater average daily gain (ADG; P < 0.01) compared to limit-fed cattle; however, feed efficiency was not different between treatments (P = 0.40). Cattle fed ad libitum produced 156 g/d of CH4, which was greater (P < 0.01) than limit-fed cattle (126 g per steer daily). In the finishing trial, BW, gains, and carcass traits were not impacted by treatment (P ≥ 0.14). Feed efficiency (P = 0.02) improved because intakes decreased (P = 0.02) by feeding OIL compared to CON. Daily CH4 production was less (P = 0.03) for OIL-fed cattle (115 g per steer daily) compared to CON-fed cattle (132 g per steer daily). Methane was reduced (P < 0.01) by 17% for OIL-fed cattle compared to CON-fed cattle when expressed as grams of CH4 per kilogram of ADG. Feeding corn oil at 3% of diet DM reduced enteric CH4 production (grams per day) by 15%, which was only partially explained by a 3% decrease in DMI. Overall, a decrease in CH4 was observed when intake is limited in growing cattle and when corn oil is added in finishing diets.