Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3D-Printed scaffolds based on poly(Trimethylene carbonate), poly(ε-Caprolactone), and β-Tricalcium phosphate

Three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffolds of biodegradable polymers have been increasingly applied in bone repair and regeneration, which helps avoid the second surgery. PTMC/PCL/TCP composites were made using poly(trimethylene carbonate), poly(ε-caprolactone), and β-tricalcium phosphate. PTMC/PCL/TCP scaffolds were manufactured using a biological 3D printing technique. Furthermore, the properties of PTMC/PCL/TCP scaffolds, such as biodegradation, mechanic properties, drug release, cell cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, and bone repairing capacity, were evaluated. We showed that PTMC/PCL/TCP scaffolds had low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility, and they also enhanced the proliferation of osteoblast MC3T3-E1 and rBMSC cell lines, which demonstrated improved adhesion, penetration, and proliferation. Moreover, PTMC/PCL/TCP scaffolds can enhance bone induction and regeneration, indicating that they can be used to repair bone defects in vivo.
An intelligent medical image classification system using few‐shot learning

Due to the wide range of diseases and imaging modalities, a retrieving system is a challenging task to access the corresponding clinical cases from a large medical repository on time. Several intelligent systems are developed to recognize medical images based on various machine learning algorithms such as deep learning and transfer learning methods that have outperformed compared to traditional methods. However, they are time‐consuming and required more labeled data for training the network models. To overcome these issues, an intelligence medical imaging recognition (IMR‐FSL) system is developed based on three phases of the few‐short learning (FSL) concept, which required few labeled examples to train the model and they are capable to generalize on huge and unseen medical datasets. To test and train the performance of the proposed IMR‐FSL system, many imaging modalities and multiclass datasets such as TCIA and Kvasir are utilized. Statistical analysis is also performed to measure the performance of the IMR‐FSL system. On average, the IMR‐FSL system achieved SE of 95%, SP of 96.5%, ACC of 97.5%, and AUC of 0.96 on both datasets. The performance of the IMR‐FSL system demonstrates the effectiveness of other state‐of‐the‐art systems.
A STUDY OF ANXIETY EXPERIENCED BY EFL STUDENTS IN PRESENTING PROPOSAL SEMINARS AT ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF BENGKULU

This descriptive qualitative research aimed to find out the factors that cause anxiety in EFL students when presenting proposal seminars. A number of 20 students who had carried out proposal seminars participated as the subject of this research. Video and audio recording were conducted during the interviews to find out the factors of students’ anxiety during the presentation of the proposal seminars. The interviews revealed that, there were several factors that cause students’ anxiety in presenting proposal seminars, such as fear of failure, fear of negative criticism, lack of vocabulary, lack of grammar, poor pronunciation, fear of losing the thread of material, fear of being stopped, negative thinking, fear of making mistake, fear negative evaluation, and feel incompetent or appearing awkward in front of many people. It is suggested that EFL students who intend to conduct proposal seminars consider those factors to minimize anxiety. The finding of this research at the same time can be as a reference to create a better proposal seminar presentation. The last but not least, material mastery, presentation practices, watching some similar videos of seminars presentation, hard effort, and determination are truly essential factors contributing to the success of any proposal seminars presentation. Keywords: Anxiety, presentation, proposal seminar
Liquid state NMR simulations of quantum many-body problems

Recently developed quantum algorithms suggest that in principle, quantum computers can solve problems such as simulation of physical systems more efficiently than classical computers. Much remains to be done to implement these conceptual ideas into actual quantum computers. As a small-scale demonstration of their capability, we simulate a simple many-fermion problem, the Fano-Anderson model, using liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We carefully designed our experiment so that the resource requirement would scale up polynomially with the size of the quantum system to be simulated. The experimental results obtained give us an insight to the quantum control required when simulating quantum systems with NMR techniques. The simulation of other physical systems, with different particle statistics, is also discussed.
Understanding the use of telehealth in the context of the Family Nurse Partnership and other early years home visiting programmes: A rapid review

Overview This rapid review sought to understand the use of telehealth in early parenthood programmes sharing similarities with the Family Nurse Partnership. Methods A rapid review protocol was developed in accordance with Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Guidance. Medline, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were developed using population, intervention, comparator, outcome, study design, and timeframe components. Two reviewers searched, screened, and extracted data. AMSTAR was used for critical appraisal. Results were synthesised narratively. Results Searches yielded 18 studies out of 881 for inclusion. Findings were identified across seven domains: acceptability and accessibility; therapeutic relationships; flexibility offered by telehealth; participation and engagement; confidentiality and privacy; equipment and technical considerations; and training and support. Conclusion Telehealth provides unique opportunities to improve access to early years health services for young mothers. However, considerable accessibility barriers remain in the form of connectivity issues, access to appropriate technology, and the acceptability of remote healthcare delivery. This review presents a timely overview of the opportunities and challenges associated with the use of telehealth in early parenthood and family-based programmes.
Apoptosis in platelets is independent of the actin cytoskeleton

Homeostasis between platelet production and clearance is essential for human health. A critical facet of the balance that facilitates platelet clearance from the circulation is apoptosis (programmed cell death). The precise cellular mechanisms that underpin platelet apoptosis are not defined. In nucleated cells, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is known to regulate platelet apoptosis. However, the role of the actin cytoskeleton in regulating apoptosis in platelets has not been extensively studied as they are anucleate and exhibit a distinctive physiology. Here, apoptosis was induced in washed human platelets using ABT-737, a BH3-mimetic drug. Mitochondrial depolarization was measured using the ratiometric dye JC-1; surface phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure was measured by annexin V binding; caspase-3 activation was measured by Western blotting. All three apoptotic markers were unaffected by the presence of either the actin depolymerizing drug cytochalasin D or the actin polymerizing drug jasplakinolide. Moreover, platelets were isolated from wild-type (WT) mice and mice deficient in gelsolin (Gsn), an actin-binding protein that is essential for normal cytoskeletal remodeling. In response to ABT-737, gelsolin-null (Gsn-/-) platelets initially showed accelerated PS exposure relative to WT platelets, however, both WT and Gsn-/- platelets exhibited similar levels of mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation in response to ABT-737. We conclude that ABT-737 induces established markers of platelet apoptosis in an actin-independent manner.
Entanglement and Relativity

This paper surveys some of the questions that arise when we consider how entanglement and relativity are related via the notion of non-locality. We begin by reviewing the role of entangled states in Bell inequality violation and question whether the associated notions of non-locality lead to problems with relativity. The use of entanglement and wavefunction collapse in Einstein's famous incompleteness argument is then considered, before we go on to see how the issue of non-locality is transformed if one considers quantum mechanics without collapse to be a complete theory, as in the Everett interpretation.
Plasma physics in clusters of galaxies

Clusters of galaxies are the largest self-gravitating structures in the universe. Each cluster is filled with a large-scale plasma atmosphere, in which primordial matter is mixed with matter that has been processed inside stars. This is a wonderful plasma physics laboratory. Our diagnostics are the data we obtain from x-ray and radio telescopes. The thermal plasma is a strong x-ray source; from this we determine its density and temperature. Radio data reveal a relativistic component in the plasma, and first measurements of the intracluster magnetic field have now been made. Energization of the particles and the field must be related to the cosmological evolution of the cluster. The situation is made even richer by the few galaxies in each cluster that host radio jets. In these galaxies, electrodynamics near a massive black hole in the core of the galaxy lead to a collimated plasma beam which propagates from the nucleus out to supergalactic scales. These jets interact with the cluster plasma to form the st.
Blind Identification Of Independent Components With Higher-order Statistics

We consider a N-variate random process consisting in N (or less) independent components corrupted by additive noise. Identifying (or separating) these components without any a-priori information about their structure (blind identification) is theorically possible under the independence assumption. We propose a blind algorithm based on second- and fourth-order statistics. Its main feature is the use of tensor formalism allowing blind identification to be performed as a generalized eigen-decomposition of the "quadricovariance tensor". All non-Gaussian components (and possibly one Gaussian component) are separated even if they have identical probability distributions. Simulations in Array Processing context are included.
One Threshold Doesn’t Fit All: Tailoring Machine Learning Predictions of Consumer Default for Lower-Income Areas

Modeling advances create credit scores that predict default better overall, but raise concerns about their effect on protected groups. Focusing on lowand moderateincome (LMI) areas, we use an approach from the Fairness in Machine Learning literature — fairness constraints via group-specific prediction thresholds — and show that gaps in true positive rates (% of non-defaulters identified by the model as such) can be significantly reduced if separate thresholds can be chosen for non-LMI and LMI tracts. However, the reduction isn’t free as more defaulters are classified as good risks, potentially affecting both consumers’ welfare and lenders’ profits. The trade-offs become more favorable if the introduction of fairness constraints is paired with the introduction of more sophisticated models, suggesting a way forward. Overall, our results highlight the potential benefits of explicitly considering sensitive attributes in the design of loan approval policies and the potential benefits of output-based approaches to fairness in lending.
Deviations from He I Case B Recombination Theory and Extinction Corrections in the Orion Nebula

We are engaged in a comprehensive program to find reliable elemental abundances in and probe the physical structure of the Orion Nebula, the brightest and best-resolved H II region. In the course of developing a robust extinction correction covering our optical and UV FOS and STIS observations, we examined the decrement within various series of He I lines. The decrements of the 23S-n3P, 23P-n3S, and 33S-n3P series are not in accord with case B recombination theory. None of these anomalous He I decrements can be explained by extinction, indicating the presence of additional radiative transfer effects in He I lines ranging from the near-IR to the near-UV. CLOUDY photoionization equilibrium models including radiative transfer are developed to predict the observed He I decrements, and the quantitative agreement is quite remarkable. Following from these results, select He I lines are combined with H I and [O II] lines and stellar extinction data to validate a new normalizable analytic expression for the wavelength dependence of the extinction. In so doing, the He+/H+ abundance is also derived.
Predicting COVID: Understanding audience responses to predictive journalism via online comments

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a global health crisis that stimulated journalists to frame their stories around predictive models and forecasts aiming to predict the future trend of the pandemic. This article examines the audience response to predictive journalism by qualitatively analyzing readers’ comments to articles covering COVID that were published in a small sample of mainstream media. Based on a thematic analysis of readers’ comments, this research contributes a typology of audience response types to the models incorporated in such predictive journalism. We elaborate on each of three primary themes—reflecting affective, action-oriented, and evaluative responses—and discuss the implications of our findings and the importance of expanding research to answer questions related to the role of predictive journalism in shaping affective response, encouraging action-oriented responses and collective planning around responsibility for taking future actions, and considering the ways in which supportive and critical comments triggered by the models may be harnessed to improve communication.
The Redshift Distribution of Distant Supernovae and Its Use in Probing Reionization

We model the number of detectable supernovae (SNe) as a function of redshift at different flux thresholds, making use of the observed properties of local SNe, such as their light curves, fiducial spectra, and peak magnitude distributions. We assume that the star formation rate (SFR) at high redshift traces the formation rate of dark matter halos. We obtain a rate of 0.4-2.3 SNe arcmin-2 yr-1 at z ≳ 5 at the near-infrared (4.5 μm) flux density threshold of 3 nJy (achievable with the James Webb Space Telescope [JWST] in a 105 s integration). In a hypothetical 1 yr survey, it should be possible to detect up to several thousand SNe per unit redshift at z ~ 6. We discuss the possible application of such a large sample of distant SNe as a probe of the epoch of reionization. By heating the intergalactic medium (IGM) and raising the cosmological Jeans mass, the process of reionization can suppress star formation in low-mass galaxies. This could have produced a relatively sharp drop in the SN rate around the redshift of reionization (zre). We quantify the detectability of this feature in future surveys of distant SNe by varying the redshift and duration of reionization, as well as its impact on the SFR in low-mass halos, which results in different redshifts, widths, and sizes of the drop in the expected SFR. We find that the drop can be detected out to zre ~ 13, as long as (1) the reionization history contains a relatively rapid feature that is synchronized over different regions to within Δz ≲ 1-3, (2) the star formation efficiency in halos that dominate reionization is ϵ* ~ 10%, and (3) reionization significantly suppresses the star formation in low-mass halos. Depending on the details of (1)-(3), this could be achieved with a survey lasting less than 2 weeks. Detecting this signature would also help elucidate the feedback mechanism that regulates reionization.
SHALOS: StatisticalHerschel-ATLAS lensed objects selection

Context. The statistical analysis of large sample of strong lensing events can be a powerful tool to extract astrophysical or cosmological valuable information. Their selection using submillimetre galaxies has been demonstrated to be very effective with more than ∼200 proposed candidates in the case ofHerschel-ATLAS data and several tens in the case of the South Pole Telescope. However, the number of confirmed events is still relatively low, i.e. a few tens, mostly because of the lengthy observational validation process on individual events.Aims. In this work we propose a new methodology with a statistical selection approach to increase by a factor of ∼5 the number of such events within theHerschel-ATLAS data set. Although the methodology can be applied to address several selection problems, it has particular benefits in the case of the identification of strongly lensed galaxies: objectivity, minimal initial constrains in the main parameter space, and preservation of statistical properties.Methods. The proposed methodology is based on the Bhattacharyya distance as a measure of the similarity between probability distributions of properties of two different cross-matched galaxies. The particular implementation for the aim of this work is called SHALOS and it combines the information of four different properties of the pair of galaxies: angular separation, luminosity percentile, redshift, and the ratio of the optical to the submillimetre flux densities.Results. The SHALOS method provides a ranked list of strongly lensed galaxies. The number of candidates within ∼340 deg2of theHerschel-ATLAS surveyed area for the final associated probability,Ptot > 0.7, is 447 and they have an estimated mean amplification factor of 3.12 for a halo with a typical cluster mass. Additional statistical properties of the SHALOS candidates, as the correlation function or the source number counts, are in agreement with previous results indicating the statistical lensing nature of the selected sample.
Light Propagation in Inhomogeneous Universes. I. Methodology and Preliminary Results

We describe a numerical algorithm that simulates the propagation of light in inhomogeneous universes. This algorithm computes the trajectories of light rays between the observer, located at redshift z = 0, and distant sources located at high redshift using the multiple lens plane method. The deformation and deflection of light beams as they interact with each lens plane are computed using the filled-beam approximation. We use a particle-particle/particle-mesh (P3M) N-body numerical code to simulate the formation of large-scale structure in the universe. We extend the length resolution of the simulations to submegaparsec scales by using a Monte Carlo method for locating galaxies inside the computational volume according to the underlying distribution of background matter. The observed galaxy two-point correlation function is reproduced. This algorithm constitutes a major improvement over previous methods, which either neglected the presence of large-scale structure, neglected the presence of galaxies, neglected the contribution of distant matter (matter located far from the beam), or used the Zeldovich approximation for simulating the formation of large-scale structure. In addition, we take into account the observed morphology-density relation when assigning morphological types to galaxies, something that was ignored in all previous studies. To test this algorithm, we perform 1981 simulations for three different cosmological models: an Einstein-de Sitter model with density parameter Ω0 = 1, an open model with Ω0 = 0.2, and a flat, low-density model with Ω0 = 0.2 and a cosmological constant of λ0 = 0.8. In all models, the initial density fluctuations correspond to a cold dark matter power spectrum normalized to COBE. In each simulation, we compute the shear and magnification resulting from the presence of inhomogeneities. Our results are the following: (1) The magnification is totally dominated by the convergence, with the shear contributing less than one part in 104. (2) Most of the cumulative shear and magnification is contributed by matter located at intermediate redshifts, z = 1-2. (3) The actual value of the redshift at which the largest contribution to shear and magnification occurs depends on the cosmological model. In particular, the lens planes contributing the most are located at larger redshift for models with smaller Ω0. (4) The number of galaxies directly hit by the beam increases with redshift, while the contribution of lens planes to the shear and magnification decrease with increasing lens plane redshift for z > 2, which indicates that the bulk of the shear and magnification does not originate from direct hits, but rather from the tidal influence of nearby and more distant galaxies and background matter. (5) The average contributions of background matter and nearby galaxies to the shear is comparable for models with small Ω0. For the Einstein-de Sitter model, the contribution of the background matter exceeds the contribution of nearby galaxies by nearly 1 order of magnitude.
Evidence for feedback and stellar-dynamically regulated bursty star cluster formation: the case of the Orion Nebula Cluster

(abridged) A scenario for the formation of multiple co-eval populations separated in age by about 1 Myr in very young clusters (VYCs, ages less than 10 Myr) and with masses in the range 600-20000 Msun is outlined. It rests upon a converging inflow of molecular gas building up a first population of pre-main sequence stars. The associated just-formed O stars ionise the inflow and suppress star formation in the embedded cluster. However, they typically eject each other out of the embedded cluster within 10^6 yr, that is before the molecular cloud filament can be ionised entirely. The inflow of molecular gas can then resume forming a second population. This sequence of events can be repeated multiply. This model is applied to the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), in which three well-separated pre-main sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the cluster have recently been discovered. The mass-inflow history is constrained using this model and the number of OB stars ejected from each population are estimated for verification using Gaia data. As a consequence of the proposed model, the three runaway O star systems, AE Aur, mu Col and iota Ori, are considered as significant observational evidence for stellar-dynamical ejections of massive stars from the oldest population in the ONC.
The density distribution of refractory elements away from the Galactic plane

The density distributions of the three refractory elements Ti II, Ca II, and Fe II away from the Galactic plane are compared with the distribution of hydrogen and dust by examining plots of N s in b versus z. It is found that Ti II and Ca II are considerably more extended in z than the H I and dust and that Fe II has an intermediate extension. Although the results are strongly influenced by sample bias, the indicated exponential scale heights for the data sample are h(Ti II) not less than 2 kpc, h(Ca II) = 1 kpc, h(Fe II) = 0.5 kpc, H(H I) = 0.3 kpc, and h(E/B-V) = 0.1 kpc. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that Ti II and Ca II are much more smoothly distributed in space than the hydrogen or dust. The large scale heights for Ti II and Ca II and their smooth distributions are most easily understood as the effect of a mixture along the line of sight of two H I phases namely, a diffuse cloud phase, in which nearly all of the Ti and Ca are tied up in dust, and an intercloud medium, where refractory elements are less depleted. Itmore » is found that Ti II and Ca II mostly trace the smoothly distributed intercloud medium. The smoothness of the distributions of Ti II and Ca II makes them candidates for use as distance indicators. 44 refs.« less