Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
H_∞ guaranteed cost computation and analysis of supply chain transfer function with uncertain parameters

The supply chain transfer function systems with uncertain parameters are investigated and an approach based on H∞ guaranteed cost computation for order policies selection is proposed.By the H∞ guaranteed cost computation combined genetic algorithm(GA)and linear matrix inequality(LMI),the transfer function H∞ norm with uncertain parameters is searched.According to the rank of transfer function H∞ norm,the capability of restraining disturbance is compared,and the order policies of supply chain are selected.Finally,two classes of supply chains,replenishment policies system and production planning and inventory control(PIC)system,are simulated.The optimal ordering policy is selected and discussed.
Assessing diabetic polyneuropathy in Spanish‐speaking patients: Translation and validation of the Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score

Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) is a common complication of diabetes. The Toronto Clinical Neuropathy Score (TCNS) is a useful tool for detecting DSP. However, it is not available in Spanish. The study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the TCNS and modified (mTCNS) scales into Spanish and evaluate their measurement properties.
Continuous Families of Curves

The present paper is an attempt to find the unifying principle of results obtained by different authors and dealing—in the original papers—with areabisectors, chords, or diameters of planar convex sets, with outwardly simple planar line families, and with chords determined by a fixed-point free involution on a circle. The proofs in the general setting seem to be simpler and are certainly more perspicuous than many of the original ones. The tools required do not transcend simple continuity arguments and the Jordan curve theorem. The author is indebted to the referee for several helpful remarks.
Quantile regression in longitudinal studies with dropouts and measurement errors

ABSTRACT Quantile regression models, as an important tool in practice, can describe effects of risk factors on the entire conditional distribution of the response variable with its estimates robust to outliers. However, there is few discussion on quantile regression for longitudinal data with both missing responses and measurement errors, which are commonly seen in practice. We develop a weighted and bias-corrected quantile loss function for the quantile regression with longitudinal data, which allows both missingness and measurement errors. Additionally, we establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator. Simulation studies demonstrate the expected performance in correcting the bias resulted from missingness and measurement errors. Finally, we investigate the Lifestyle Education for Activity and Nutrition study and confirm the effective of intervention in producing weight loss after nine month at the high quantile.
Finite-Size E ects in High-Dimensional Statistical Mechanical Systems: The Ising Model With Periodic Boundary Conditions

A fundamental observation in statistical mechanics is that the behavior of many systems simplifies considerably above the upper critical dimension: for example, the critical exponents characterizing a phase transition attain their mean-field values. However, there are important quantities, such as finite-size corrections and bulk quantities, on which this paradigm offers contradicting predictions. Renormalization group arguments have been suggested to account for this; however, they are phenomenological, unrigorous, and lack intuition. In contrast, the random-geometric approach offers a natural explanation for the existence of the upper critical dimension, and a simple resolution of the apparent contradiction. This thesis is composed of two parts: the first contains overviews of the high-dimensional behavior of thermodynamical systems, and the regularization and renormalization procedures in constructive field theory, in order to expose the significance of the Ising model in addressing important issues in statistical mechanics and higher energy physics. This is followed by an intuitive introduction to the random-geometric approach, which has been successful in addressing some of these issues; we use it to motivate new results on the Ising model, regarding the effect of boundary conditions on the scaling limit. These results are consonant with recent findings in the theories of percolation and loop-erased random walks, which contribute to an emerging picture of multi-scale criticality. The second part of the thesis consists of the rigorous study of the ferromagnetic Ising model on a box ΛL of linear size L above the upper critical dimension duc = 4, using algebraic and differential inequalities derived with the current and random-random-path representations. The differential inequalities are modified versions of results appearing in the work of previous authors, while the
Uncertain Programming: Current Status and Future Prospects

This paper provides a brief up-to-date presentation of uncertain programming theory, algorithm and application. A variety of uncertainty is documented,including rough variable, fuzzy random variable, random fuzzy variable,random rough variable, rough fuzzy variable, rough random variable,birandom variable, bifuzzy variable, birough variable. Then the general principle of uncertain programming is introduced. Finally, some future prospects are sketched.
A Finite Volume Central Differencing Scheme for Simulation of the Shut Down Procedure of a Hydraulic System

Abstract A new central differencing finite volume scheme is investigated for solution of unsteady hydraulic problems as water hammer in pipe systems. Special time stepping procedure similar to Runge-Kutta algorithm is used to stabilize this second order scheme. It is monotonized by adding dissipative terms including second and fourth derivatives of the conserved variables, with coefficients proportional to derivatives of pressure or volumetric flow, which keeps the second order of accuracy in smooth flow regions. The one-dimensional unsteady incompressible equations are solved for a water hammer situation, and results are compared to existing analytical solutions. Results are also compared with numerical results of classical characteristic method, which is proved to be fairly accurate. The scheme could easily be generalized to two-dimensional case. Finally this procedure is used for analysis of the shut down procedure of a hydraulic system. Components of the system are modeled and effects of important parameters on the performance are studied.
Clinical utility of the Danish version of the Self-Assessment of Modes Questionnaire (D-SAMQ)

Abstract Background The the Self-Assessment of Modes Questionnaire (SAMQ) has been translated into Danish and culturally adapted (D-SAMQ), and aspects of validity and reliability have also been evaluated. However, no knowledge about the clinical utility of the D-SAMQ exists. Aims/objectives The aims were to investigate the clinical utility of the D-SAMQ among Danish occupational therapists (OTs) and occupational therapy students (OTSs), and to determine differences in perceived clinical utility between the two groups. Material and methods Data was collected using an online survey consisting of 17 questions related to four dimensions of clinical utility; appropriateness, accessibility, practicability, and acceptability. Results A total of 25 OTs and 41 OTSs participated. The clinical utility was perceived to be high across all questions related to the four dimensions. No statistically significant differences were found between OTs and OTSs in any of the four dimensions. Conclusions and significance The D-SAMQ is ready for use in occupational therapy practice, education, and research. D-SAMQ can be used to gain insight into own therapeutic style. This insight serves as a basis for facilitating therapeutic relationships with the clients during the process of enabling engagement in occupation.
Expression, prognostic value and mechanism of SP100 family in pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with a very poor prognosis. Exploring more therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers is of great significance to improve the prognosis of PAAD patients. Increasing evidence supports that the speckled protein (SP) 100 family is associated with human cancer and immune disorders. However, the function of the SP100 family members in PAAD is still unclear. Methods: R, Cytoscape, cBioPortal, and other software and online databases were used to comprehensively analyze the expression characteristics, prognostic value, and oncogenic mechanism of the SP100 family in PAAD. Results: The high expression of SP100 family members in PAAD was significantly correlated with poor clinicopathological features and poor prognosis of PAAD patients. Mechanistically, TP53 mutations were significantly associated with the expression levels of the SP100 family members, which were significantly coexpressed with M6A methylation regulators and were activated in multiple oncogenic pathways, including the EMT pathways. Moreover, we found that their expression levels were significantly correlated with the sensitivity of multiple traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. Conclusion: The SP100 family is closely related to the occurrence and development of PAAD and can be used as a new biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with PAAD.
Amplitude-preserving nonlinear adaptive multiple attenuation using the high-order sparse Radon transform

The Radon transform is widely used for multiple elimination. Since the Radon transform is not an orthogonal transform, it cannot preserve the amplitude of primary reflections well. The prediction and adaptive subtraction method is another widely used approach for multiple attenuation, which demands that the primaries are orthogonal with the multiples. However, the orthogonality assumption is not true for non-stationary field seismic data. In this paper, the high-order sparse Radon transform (HOSRT) method is introduced to protect the amplitude variation with offset information during the multiple subtraction procedures. The HOSRT incorporates the high-resolution Radon transform with the orthogonal polynomial transform. Because the Radon transform contains the trajectory information of seismic events and the orthogonal polynomial transform contains the amplitude variation information of seismic events, their combination constructs an overcomplete transform and obtains the benefits of both the high-resolution property of the Radon transform and the amplitude preservation of the orthogonal polynomial transform. A fast nonlinear filter is adopted in the adaptive subtraction step in order to avoid the orthogonality assumption that is used in traditional adaptive subtraction methods. The application of the proposed approach to synthetic and field data examples shows that the proposed method can improve the separation performance by preserving more useful energy.
The social formation of fitness: lifetime consequences of prenatal nutrition and postnatal care in a wild mammal population

Research in medicine and evolutionary biology suggests that the sequencing of parental investment has a crucial impact on offspring life history and health. Here, we take advantage of the synchronous birth system of wild banded mongooses to test experimentally the lifetime consequences to offspring of receiving extra investment prenatally versus postnatally. We provided extra food to half of the breeding females in each group during pregnancy, leaving the other half as matched controls. This manipulation resulted in two categories of experimental offspring in synchronously born litters: (i) ‘prenatal boost’ offspring whose mothers had been fed during pregnancy, and (ii) ‘postnatal boost’ offspring whose mothers were not fed during pregnancy but who received extra alloparental care in the postnatal period. Prenatal boost offspring lived substantially longer as adults, but postnatal boost offspring had higher lifetime reproductive success (LRS) and higher glucocorticoid levels across the lifespan. Both types of experimental offspring had higher LRS than offspring from unmanipulated litters. We found no difference between the two experimental categories of offspring in adult weight, age at first reproduction, oxidative stress or telomere lengths. These findings are rare experimental evidence that prenatal and postnatal investments have distinct effects in moulding individual life history and fitness in wild mammals. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Evolutionary ecology of inequality’.
Pattern variation is linked to anti-predator coloration in butterfly larvae

Prey animals typically try to avoid being detected and/or advertise to would-be predators that they should be avoided. Both anti-predator strategies primarily rely on colour to succeed, but the specific patterning used is also important. While the role of patterning in camouflage is relatively clear, the design features of aposematic patterns are less well understood. Here, we use a comparative approach to investigate how pattern use varies across a phylogeny of 268 species of cryptic and aposematic butterfly larvae, which also vary in social behaviour. We find that longitudinal stripes are used more frequently by cryptic larvae, and that patterns putatively linked to crypsis are more likely to be used by solitary larvae. By contrast, aposematic larvae are more likely to use horizontal bands and spots, but we find no differences in the use of individual pattern elements between solitary and gregarious aposematic species. However, solitary aposematic larvae are more likely to display multiple pattern elements, whereas those with no pattern are more likely to be gregarious. Our study advances our understanding of how pattern variation, coloration and social behaviour covary across lepidopteran larvae, and highlights new questions about how patterning affects larval detectability and predator responses to aposematic prey.
Bone marrow sparing RapidArc treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer – can it reduce haematological toxicity?

Abstract Context: Haematological toxicities are seen in rectal cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with capecitabine. Aims: To compare dose volume histogram (DVH) parameters and acute haematological toxicities using RapidArc with or without bone marrow constraints for rectal cancer patients receiving pelvic chemoradiation as part of curative treatment. Setting and designs: This is a prospective randomised controlled study including patients with rectal cancer initiated on chemoradiation. Patients were stratified into two arms, bone marrow sparing (BMS) arm and non-bone marrow sparing arm (NBMS). Materials and methods: DVH parameters and weekly toxicity data were collected. Grade 2 or more anaemia, leucopenia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia, any blood transfusions, colony-stimulating factor injection, platelet transfusions were considered as an event in acute haematological toxicity (HT). Statistical analysis: Independent t-test was used to compare quantitative parameters, and Mann–Whitney U-test was used for ordinal parameters between groups. Results: A total of 43 patients were enrolled. Bone marrow constraints were achieved without compromising the target coverage. There was a significant reduction in the bone marrow dose with BMS technique (p < 0·05). A 16·7% reduction in the HT (33·3% versus 50%) and a 21·9% reduction in the grade 2 or more anaemia (19% versus 40·9%) were noted in the BMS arm when compared to NBMS arm, though not statistically significant. However, in the preoperative setting, a significant reduction in grade 2/more anaemia (7·1% versus 41·1%, p = 0·035) was noticed in the BMS arm. Conclusions: Pelvic BMS radiotherapy may benefit patients receiving chemoradiation for locally advanced carcinoma rectum as part of curative treatment.
Walking droplets have been halted

Abstract The swinging motion of the eigenmodes of a free inviscid drop has been known for nearly a century. Yet, as the drop sits on a solid substrate, getting flattened by gravity, analytical solutions waver due to the non-spherical base state and the dynamics of the three-phase contact line. The recent paper by Zhang et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 962, 2023, A10) investigated the effect of gravity on the harmonic modes of sessile droplets for free and pinned contact line conditions. An effective boundary element method has been used to solve both axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric modes for a variety of Bond numbers and static contact angles, also revising on the way a debated capillary instability.
Reduced Cortical Thicknesses of Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder and Relationship with Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor

Abstract Background Cortical thickness (CT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were widely investigated in bipolar disorder (BD). Previous studies focused on the association between the volume of subcortical regions and neurotrophic factor levels. Objective In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of the CT in youth with early-onset BD with BDNF levels as a potential peripheral marker of neuronal integrity. Method Twenty-three euthymic patients having a clinical diagnosis of BD and 17 healthy subjects as an age-matched control group with neuroimaging and blood BDNF levels were found eligible for CT measurement. A structural magnetic resonance scan (MRI) and timely blood samples were drawn. Results Youth with BD exhibited lower cortical thickness in caudal part of left (L) middle frontal gyrus, right (R) paracentral gyrus, triangular part of R inferior frontal gyrus, R pericalcarine region, R precentral gyrus, L precentral gyrus, R superior frontal gyrus and L superior frontal gyrus when compared to healthy controls. The effect sizes of these differences were moderate to large (d=0.67-0.98) There was a significant correlation between BDNF levels with caudal part of the R anterior cingulate gyrus (CPRACG) in adolescents with BD (r=0.49, p=0.023). Conclusion As a special region for mood regulation, the CT of the caudal part of the R anterior cingulate gyrus had a positive correlation with BDNF. Regarding the key role of CPRACG for affective regulation skills, our results should be replicated in future follow-up studies, investigating a predictive neuroimaging biomarker for the early-onset BD.
The Effect of Rotation and Surface Friction on Orographic Drag

Abstract A numerical, hydrostatic model is used to investigate the form and magnitude of the pressure drag created by 3D elliptical mountains of various heights (h) and aspect ratios (R) in flows characterized by uniform upstream velocity (U) and stability (N). Three series of simulations, corresponding to increasing degrees of realism, are performed: (i) without rotation and surface friction; (ii) with rotation, but no surface friction; (iii) with rotation and surface friction. For the simulations with rotation, the Coriolis parameter has a typical midlatitude value and the upstream flow is geostrophically balanced. The surface friction is introduced by the use of a typical roughness length. For low values of the nondimensional height (Nh/U), the pressure drag is reduced by the effect of rotation, in agreement with well-known results of linear theory. This seems to be valid until Nh/U ∼ 1.4, that is, in the high drag regime. On the other hand, for large values of Nh/U, that is, in the blocked flow regime.
Assimilation of image structures in the presence of observation error

In this paper, we study the use of image structures as observations in the context of geophysical data assimilation. Instead of assimilating the apparent radiance values of an image sequence to monitor the physical state, we here focus on the shape comparison between a variable of the model and its observation given by images. More precisely, three observation operators based on wavelet transform, image gradient structure and image gradient orientation are proposed and compared with the basic pixel-to-pixel comparison. We also study formally the influence of observation error and its description into the assimilation process in order to define a robust cost function. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated on twin experiments performed on a 2D shallow-water model.
How to thrive when studying online

ABSTRACT The Covid-19 pandemic led to significant changes in higher education institutions, with a rapid pivot from on-campus to online teaching and learning. The move to predominantly online teaching resulted in a very different learning experience for many campus-based students, offering new opportunities and challenges. This Directions article is co-written by a student-staff partnership team and shares advice on how to thrive when studying online. The approaches developed to support online and blended learning during the pandemic are likely to be long-lasting, and so the top tips identified in this article have relevance to and beyond possible future disruptions to the higher education learning experience. We discuss four elements to support a successful and meaningful online learning experience: 1) Carefully managing time and balancing different tasks; 2) Staying motivated and rewarding yourself on completion of tasks; 3) Engaging and participating with online learning materials and classes, related to the effective use of online tools to study and stay in touch with peers and staff; 4) Engaging in professional development opportunities and seeking help and support when needed. Following the advice in this article will enable you to approach your studies with confidence, leading to a positive and meaningful learning experience.
Parameters estimation of noise amplitude modulation signal

This study proposes a maximum likelihood (ML) estimator for parameter estimation for a complex noise amplitude modulation (NAM) signal. The NAM signal is a general expansion of the exponential signal in which the noise is not circularly symmetric. In the proposed estimator, a non-parametric modified interpolation on Fourier coefficients method is first applied to produce a coarse estimation. Then, a gradient descent method is applied to refine the parameters. The modulation noise to complex additive white Gaussian noise ratio, which is an implicit unknown parameter, is calculated and refreshed at each iteration. For signal-to-noise ratios above the threshold, the variances of the coarse estimation are derived and shown to be independent of the modulation index. The probabilities of a divergence in different gradient descent methods are derived; the pure Newton's method is adopted based on the consideration of both computational complexity and practical applications. Monte Carlo simulations verify the variances and the threshold effect of the coarse estimation; the variances of the ML estimator are demonstrated to asymptotically approach the Cramer–Rao bounds.
Thermosensitivity of translation underlies the mammalian nocturnal-diurnal switch

Early mammals were nocturnal until the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction facilitated their rapid expansion into daytime niches. Diurnality subsequently evolved multiple times, independently, but the mechanisms facilitating this switch are unknown. We found that physiological daily temperature shifts oppositely affect circadian clock rhythms in nocturnal versus diurnal mammals. This occurs through a cell-intrinsic signal inverter, mediated by global differences in protein phosphorylation, and effected at the level of bulk protein synthesis rates, with diurnal translation rate being less thermosensitive than nocturnal. Perturbations that reduce translational initiation or mTOR activity are sufficient to trigger the nocturnal-to-diurnal switch at the cellular, tissue, and organismal scale. Our results suggest a convergent selection pressure to attain diurnality by reducing the effect of temperature-dependent changes in protein synthesis on circadian clocks. One sentence summary Recalibrating the thermosensitivity of protein synthesis drives daytime-selective activity in mammals.