Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relation between changes in blood pressure and serum ACE activity after a single dose of enalapril and ACE genotype in healthy subjects.

1. The effects of a single oral dose of enalapril 10 mg on serum ACE activity and blood pressure in relation to the ACE genotype were studied in 27 healthy men, n = 9 each of genotype DD, ID and II, in a parallel group study design. 2. Before treatment serum ACE activity differed significantly between the genotypes, with serum ACE activity 56% higher in DD than II subjects, and the genotype explaining 40% of between-subject variance in serum ACE activity. 3. After oral enalapril 10 mg the absolute fall in serum ACE activity was significantly larger in DD than II subjects at 2, 4, and 6 h (by 9.0 (95% CI 0.7-17.2), 10.7 (3.8-17.6), and 9.7 (2.8-16.6) nmol ml-1 min-1 respectively), but not at 24 h (fall in II > DD by 1.1 (-8.9 to 6.7) nmol ml-1 min-1). 4. Serum ACE activity remained significantly related to the ACE genotype at each time-point after enalapril, with the genotype explaining 22-46% of between-subject variance in serum ACE. 5. Falls in mean arterial pressure in response to enalapril were not significantly related to the ACE genotype, with the average fall over 6 h in DD > II genotype by 0.7 mm Hg (95% CI -5.5 to 4.1). 6. Blood pressure responses to enalapril did not correlate significantly with the initial serum ACE, or the absolute or percent reductions in serum ACE activity after enalapril. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Barriers to Attending an Eye Examination after Vision Screening Referral within a Vulnerable Population

Half of high-risk, uninsured/underinsured individuals identified through vision screening as needing eye exams do not attend. Patients who attended vision screening and were referred for an exam but did not attend that exam were contacted and asked whether they were interested in receiving a free complete eye exam at an offsite center within three blocks of the clinic. Those who agreed were asked why they did not attend their original appointment and what would make it easier to attend. Primary reasons for missing appointments included forgetting (34%), lacking transportation (36%), and scheduling conflicts (26%). Nearly one quarter (24%) stated they could not afford transportation. Findings demonstrate transportation is a key barrier to eye care services. Current eye care delivery can be improved by addressing barriers to attendance in this context. Alternative delivery models should be examined to identify methods for better reaching underserved target populations.
PHENOMENOLOGY OF MANIA - A FACTOR ANALYSIS APPROACH

The phenomenology of mania has not been empirically studied adequately. Various studies have revealed 2. 4 & 5 factors as the core features defining the manic state. Differences in the Bipolar disorders have been reported across culture in the past further complicating the issue. This study was carried out to study the core features of the manic state and compare it with similar studies across culture. Hundred consecutive patients attending the Central Institute of Psychiatry's Out Patient Services for the first time with a diagnosis of manic episode or bipolar disorder, current episode mania as per Diagnostic Criteria for Research were taken up for the study. Factor analysis using Principal Components with Varimax rotation was carried out. Factor score were tested for normal distribution using Kolmogorov Smirnov statistic. The findings revealed three factors representing psychomotor acceleration, thought disorder and mood All distributions were normal. Mood was found to be on a continuum with euphoria and irutability on the opposite poles.
Socioeconomic determinants of health: The contribution of nutrition to inequalities in health

Abstract Social class differences in health are seen at all ages, with lower socioeconomic groups having greater incidence of premature and low birthweight babies, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers in adults. Risk factors including lack of breast feeding, smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension, and poor diet are clustered in the lower socioeconomic groups. The diet of the lower socioeconomic groups provides cheap energy from foods such as meat products, full cream milk, fats, sugars, preserves, potatoes, and cereals but has little intake of vegetables, fruit, and wholewheat bread. This type of diet is lower in essential nutrients such as calcium, iron, magnesium, folate, and vitamin C than that of the higher socioeconomic groups. New nutritional knowledge on the protective role of antioxidants and other dietary factors suggests that there is scope for enormous health gain if a diet rich in vegetables, fruit, unrefined cereal, fish, and small quantities of quality vegetable oils could be more accessible to poor people.
Design Procedure for Racetrack Microinductors on Silicon in Multi-MHz DC–DC Converters

Inductor-on-silicon research to date has focused on optimizing technologies for maximum power density and efficiency, with most design procedures based on computationally intensive methods. In this paper, a simple and intuitive method for designing microinductors based on a given dc-dc converter specification, which includes accurate models for all loss components, is presented. A detailed examination of variations in designs to realise the same circuit performance is presented. Finally, finite element analysis simulations demonstrating the accuracy of the models are given, along with measured results.
10 second heart rate variability

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of 10 second measures of heart rate variability (HRV) as an alternative to measures derived from a 24 hr recording. Conventional 10s i2-lead ECGs were obtained together with 24 hr ECGs from 39 healthy volunteers and 41 patients who had recently suffered an MI. The Glasgow Program was used to derive SDNN and the average of the absolute difference between consecutive RR intervals (AAD). 24 hr ECG measures of HRV were derived from a commercially available system. The normal ranges for 10s SDNN and 10s AAD were similar but there were significant differences between healthy volunteers and MI patients (e.g. 46.65 ms v 18.74 ms for mean SDNN - p<O.OOl). Furthermore, the 10s measures showed a high sensitivity for detecting abnormally low HRV in MI patients leading to the conclusion that there is potential clinical value in utilising short term measure of HRV.
A strong direct product theorem for the tribes function via the smooth-rectangle bound

The main result of this paper is an optimal strong direct product result for the two-party public-coin randomized communication complexity of the Tribes function. This is proved by providing an alternate proof of the optimal lower bound of Omega(n) for the randomised communication complexity of the Tribes function using the so-called smooth-rectangle bound, introduced by Jain and Klauck [CCC/2010]. The optimal Omega(n) lower bound for Tribes was originally proved by Jayram, Kumar and Sivakumar [STOC/2003], using a more powerful lower bound technique, namely the information complexity bound. The information complexity bound is known to be at least as strong a lower bound method as the smooth-rectangle bound [Kerenidis et al, 2012]. On the other hand, we are not aware of any function or relation for which the smooth-rectangle bound is (asymptotically) smaller than its public-coin randomized communication complexity. The optimal direct product for Tribes is obtained by combining our smooth-rectangle bound for tribes with the strong direct product result of Jain and Yao (2012) in terms of smooth-rectangle bound.
Inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma invasion by suppression of claudin-10 in HLE cells

Previously, we showed that down-regulation of claudin-10 (CLDN-10) in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with prolonged disease-free survival after curative surgery. Claudins are important tight junction components. Increasing evidence shows that claudins are involved in cancer progression but each member of claudins is specifically expressed in a variety of malignancies. The biological role of CLDN-10 in hepatocellular carcinoma is unexplored. In the current study, we investigated the CLDN-10 function in two different hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines by in vitro assays with the CLDN-10 overexpression and small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown transfectants. We observed that overexpression of CLDN-10 conferred malignant phenotypes to hepatocellular carcinoma cells, Hep3B, which lack CLDN-10 expression, by promoting cancer cell survival, motility, and invasiveness. More importantly, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) was up-regulated. Increase in mRNA transcription and protein expression of membrane type 1-MMP (MT1-MMP) was also observed in the CLDN-10 transfectants, where MT1-MMP was a protease shown to promote intrahepatic metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma in our earlier study. In addition, CLDN-1, CLDN-2, and CLDN-4 was up-regulated in CLDN-10 overexpression transfectants, indicating that the expression of CLDN-10 in cancer cells might affect the expression levels of its family members. On the contrary, small interfering RNA–based knockdown of CLDN-10 in HLE, an invasive cell line with high level of CLDN-10 expression, abolished invasion and strongly decreased activation of MMPs and claudin members expression. These findings showed that CLDN-10 is functionally involved in hepatocellular carcinoma invasion and is a potential target for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. [Mol Cancer Ther 2007;6(11):2858–67]
On an Improved Definition of Embedding Degree

We demonstrate a fundamental flaw in the present definition of embedding degree for curves of any genus, and we present examples of elliptic curves and genus 2 curves which highlight the error. We explain how this can yield a dramatic (unbounded) difference between the size of the actual and presumed embedding fields. This observation has serious implications for the security of pairing-based cryptosystems, as curves are no longer as secure as expected. We discuss the appropriate understanding of embedding degree, the bounds that yield sub-exponential attacks, and offer a way of measuring the discrepancy in security.
Evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants: A revision of the 2008 British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines

A revision of the 2008 British Association for Psychopharmacology evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants was undertaken in order to incorporate new evidence and to update the recommendations where appropriate. A consensus meeting involving experts in depressive disorders and their management was held in September 2012. Key areas in treating depression were reviewed and the strength of evidence and clinical implications were considered. The guidelines were then revised after extensive feedback from participants and interested parties. A literature review is provided which identifies the quality of evidence upon which the recommendations are made. These guidelines cover the nature and detection of depressive disorders, acute treatment with antidepressant drugs, choice of drug versus alternative treatment, practical issues in prescribing and management, next-step treatment, relapse prevention, treatment of relapse and stopping treatment. Significant changes since the last guidelines were published in 2008 include the availability of new antidepressant treatment options, improved evidence supporting certain augmentation strategies (drug and non-drug), management of potential long-term side effects, updated guidance for prescribing in elderly and adolescent populations and updated guidance for optimal prescribing. Suggestions for future research priorities are also made.
Low Complexity Hybrid Beamforming for Uplink Multiuser mmWave MIMO Systems

This paper considers a low-complexity hybrid beamforming (HBF) for uplink multiuser mmWave MIMO systems. The proposed scheme employs a two-stage beamforming design. In the first stage, the base station (BS) analog beamforming is designed to maximize the $k$th user's signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) in single-carrier systems and to maximize the sum rate's upper bound of uplink virtual cooperative users in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based systems (also called multi-carrier systems), respectively. Furthermore, we perform phases extraction and quantize phase control on the obtained BS analog beamforming. In the second stage, the BS digital beamforming is designed by performing minimum mean square error (MMSE) with the low-dimensional effective channel. The proposed schemes are simulated in both ideal Rayleigh fading channels and sparsely scattered mmWave channels, approaching the sum rate performance of the full digital solution in single-carrier case and of the virtual uplink user cooperation scheme in multi-carrier case, respectively. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed schemes outperform the existing HBF designs for uplink multiuser mmWave MIMO systems.
Lineas de I+D+I del Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo en Espacios Virtuales de Trabajo (LIDVT GISI UNlLa)

El trabajo colaborativo se basa en la comunicacion y en el intercambio de la informacion entre individuos en orden a desarrollar un objeto conceptual. Se define el espacio de trabajo virtual como aquel en el cual trabajan colaborativamente individuos que no pueden estar fisicamente contiguos [Benford et al., 1994]. Los sistemas encuadrados dentro del paradigma CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work), de aqui en mas Espacios Virtuales de Trabajo (EVT) constituyen un abordaje [Grudin, 1994] para facilitar los procesos de trabajo grupal mediado por tecnologia [Peiro, 1993]. En este contexto, el LIDEVT busca, a partir de las lineas de investigacion que se presentan en esta comunicacion, formular contribuciones al cuerpo de conocimientos de esta subdisciplina Informatica, con atencion a las necesidades de su aplicacion en la educacion a distancia. Palabras Clave: espacios virtuales de trabajo (EVT), analisis y diseno de EVT, comportamientos sociales en EVT.
Epidemiological issues are not simply black and white.

See related article, pp 579–587 National health statistics and prospective epidemiological studies have reaffirmed the conclusion that hypertensive cardiovascular disease is more prevalent in the black population than in the white.1 Furthermore, strokes and coronary heart disease are also more common in black individuals.2 In addition, development of cardiac and renal failure continues to increase in prevalence, especially in the black race. As early as in 1939, individuals with blood pressures of 120 to 139/80 to 89 mm Hg (defined then as prehypertension) were more likely to develop established essential hypertension.3 This term “prehypertension” was later adopted in the Joint National Committee's seventh report, although the term “high normal” was used in the Joint National Committee's third report on the advice of the insurance industry's representative, because the earlier term (of 1939) might suggest potential insurability concerns.3 These epidemiological issues have since been confirmed; and a report in this issue of Hypertension further demonstrates that a faster rate of progression from the condition of prehypertension to the diagnosis of established essential hypertension exists in black individuals as compared with white.4 To explore this important question further, the investigators initiated …
Machine Learning Approach for the Classification of Demonstrative Pronouns for Indirect Anaphora in Hindi News Items

Machine Learning Approach for the Classification of Demonstrative Pronouns for Indirect Anaphora in Hindi News Items In this paper, we present machine learning approach for the classification indirect anaphora in Hindi corpus. The direct anaphora is able to find the noun phrase antecedent within a sentence or across few sentences. On the other hand indirect anaphora does not have explicit referent in the discourse. We suggest looking for certain patterns following the indirect anaphor and marking demonstrative pronoun as directly or indirectly anaphoric accordingly. Our focus of study is pronouns without noun phrase antecedent. We analyzed 177 news items having 1334 sentences, 780 demonstrative pronouns of which 97 (12.44 %) were indirectly anaphoric. The experiment with machine learning approaches for the classification of these pronouns based on the semantic cue provided by the collocation patterns following the pronoun is also carried out.
Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adults with HIV infection: implications for clinical management. International AIDS Society--USA Panel.

OBJECTIVES To review current knowledge of the biology and clinical implications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resistance to antiretroviral drugs, describe assays for measuring resistance, and assess their use in clinical practice. PARTICIPANTS The International AIDS Society-USA assembled a panel of 13 physicians with expertise in basic science, clinical research, and patient care relevant to HIV resistance to antiretroviral drugs. EVIDENCE We reviewed available data from published reports and presented at national and international research conferences. Basic science research, clinical trial results, and expert opinions were used to form the basis of this report. Data on methods for and characteristics of specific genotypic and phenotypic assays were obtained from manufacturers and service providers. CONSENSUS PROCESS The panel met regularly between October 1997 and April 1998. Panel subgroups developed and discussed different sections of the report before discussing them with the entire panel. Conclusions and suggested approaches to the use of resistance testing were determined by group consensus. CONCLUSIONS Plasma HIV RNA level and CD4+ cell count are the primary values that should be used to guide the initiation of antiretroviral therapy and subsequent changes in therapy. Possible causes of treatment failure other than development of drug resistance that should be considered are adherence, drug potency, and pharmacokinetic issues. Genotypic and phenotypic testing for HIV resistance to antiretroviral drugs may prove useful for individual patient management. Assays under development need validation, standardization, and a clearer definition of their clinical roles. Possible current roles of resistance testing for choosing an initial regimen or changing antiretroviral therapy, as well as possible implications of the presence or absence of phenotypic resistance and genotypic changes, are discussed.
Location of the hisGDCBHAFI operon on the physical map of Escherichia coli

The his operon, located at 44 min on the genetic map of Escherichia coli (1), encodes the eight enzymes concerned with the biosynthesis of the amino acid histidine (8). The his cistrons were shown by complementation assays of different auxotrophic strains to reside on two contiguous HindIII fragments, of 5.3 and 4.5 kb, derived from strain W3110 (2, 3, 5). The structural organization of the his operon was
The Feasibility of Interference Alignment for Reverse TDD Systems in MIMO Cellular Networks

The feasibility conditions of interference alignment (IA) are analyzed for reverse TDD systems, i.e., one cell operates as downlink (DL) but the other cell operates as uplink (UL). Under general multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna configurations, a necessary condition and a sufficient condition for one-shot linear IA are established, i.e., linear IA without symbol or time extension. In several example networks, optimal sum degrees of freedom (DoF) is characterized by the derived necessary condition and sufficient condition. For symmetric DoF within each cell, a sufficient condition is established in a more compact expression, which yields the necessary and sufficient condition for a class of symmetric DoF. An iterative construction of transmit and received beamforming vectors is further proposed, which provides a specific beamforming design satisfying one-shot IA. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IA not only achieve lager DoF but also significantly improve the sum rate in the practical signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime.
Diagnosis of Endometrial Cancer Based on Back-Propagation Neural Network and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Tissue

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. Early stage and accurate diagnosis is indispensable for treatment of endometrial cancer patient. In this study, near-infrared spectra of 18normal, 30 hyperplasia and 29 malignant pathological sections were collected. The original spectra were pretreated by using smoothing, denoising, and data compression methods, 6 principal components were extracted as the input of back propagation neural network(BPNN). The number of hidden neurons, learning rate, momentum, and learning epochs were optimized based on the RMSE of leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV). The optimal model of BPNN built can successfully classify the samples into three groups. The results showed that BPNN coupling with NIR spectroscopy can provide an efficient method for the early diagnosis of endometrial cancer.
Childhood asthma in four countries: a comparative survey.

BACKGROUND Asthma mortality among young people varies widely between different countries. Geographical differences in asthma prevalence are also believed to exist, but evidence is sparse owing to the lack of multicentre surveys using common protocols. A survey was conducted of 12-year-old children living in defined areas of New Zealand, Wales, South Africa and Sweden, in order to see whether asthma prevalence and mortality rates in children show parallel differences. METHODS Questionnaires enquiring about a history of asthma and respiratory symptoms were issued to the parent. The children performed a simple exercise challenge test. RESULTS Information was obtained for 4353 children. A history of asthma at any time was reported for 16.8% of children in New Zealand, 12.0% in Wales, 11.5% in South Africa and 4.0% of Sweden, and a similar pattern was shown by several other indices of asthma (various relevant symptoms, inhaler use, response to exercise challenge, and asthma mortality at ages 5-19 years). In Sweden wheezing was negatively associated with pet ownership; elsewhere there was a positive (though non-significant) association. Cat ownership was highest in New Zealand and lowest in Sweden. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of asthma in children shows geographical variation which is parallel to that of asthma mortality, being high in New Zealand and low in Sweden. Differential exposure to animal allergens is a possible factor in this variation.
The role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in cerebellar abnormalities in schizophrenia

Recent postmortem and functional imaging studies have revealed that cerebellar abnormalities may play a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Cerebellum is a part of the cortical-subcortical-cerebellar circuitry that is involved in higher cognitive functions. Deficits in cognition, including information, executive functions, attention, emotion, and memory have been described in patients with schizophrenia. Given the pivotal role of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways in regulation of neuronal function and especially the role of extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) in synaptic plasticity, cell survival, learning and memory, the importance of MAP kinases in schizophrenia is being increasingly recognized. In this minireview is summarized recent evidence from human postmortem studies and the phencyclidine (PCP) pharmacological model of schizophrenia that ERK signaling pathway could contribute to the pathogenic events that occur in the cerebellum in schizophrenia.