Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peroxisome proliferation and hepatocarcinogenesis.

Peroxisome proliferators constitute a novel class of non-mutagenic hepatocarcinogens, all of which induce a similar pleiotropic response consisting of hepatomegaly, proliferation of peroxisomes in the liver parenchyma] cells and the induction of several hepatic enzymes, particularly those of the peroxisomal fatty acid /3oxidation system (1—3). Presently several structurally dissimilar hypolipidemic compounds, including the widely used drug clofibrate, and certain phthalate ester plasticizers are the two major categories of agents that are recognized as peroxisome proliferators (2). The lack of mutagenicity of these agents led to the proposal that hepatocarcinogenesis is not related to the direct initiating effect of these chemicals (or their possible metabolites), but linked to metabolic disturbance(s) emanating from sustained increase in the number of peroxisomes in liver cells (4). Elucidation of the mechanism of induction of peroxisome proliferation and associated enzymes by these agents is, therefore, considered essential in order to understand the role of peroxisomes in liver carcinogenesis induced by these xenobiotics which do not appear to interact with and damage DNA (5,6). This commentary is a brief review of the biological effects of peroxisome proliferators and of possible mechanisms of induction of pleiotropic responses leading to the development of hepatocellular carcinomas, focusing in particular on the hypothesis that these agents exert their effects by interacting with a specific receptor(s).
Group-wise channel sensing and resource pre-allocation for LTE D2D on ISM band

Device-to-Device communication has been regarded as a promising technology to improve the cellular system efficiency, which allows mobile devices communicate directly with each other on the licensed frequency resources under the control of a base station (or eNB). However, the benefits of D2D using license exempt bands, such as ISM bands, have not been sufficiently taken into account yet. The main challenges arise from the coexistence of D2D and WLAN in the same frequency band and geographical area. In this paper, we propose a group-wise channel sensing and resource pre-allocation scheme for D2D user fairly contending and utilizing the ISM band resource with its WLAN rivals, where D2D pairs with different QoS or bandwidth requirements are grouped and pre-scheduled to approximately fill in an overall flexible resource block and then a representative D2D pair is appointed in each group for contending resource to avoid intra-group collisions. By using the proposed scheme, the resource on ISM band can be used more efficiently so that D2D applications can be applied to a much wider scope.
A Systematic Review for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the major ligaments in human knee. ACL can be injured from mild to severe and once it ruptured it doesn’t heal itself because of its complex structure. Many studies have been done for the reconstruction of ACL according to their structures and mechanical properties but none has fulilled all the requirements. In this review structure of ligament, ligament injuries, synthetic ligaments, design requirements everything has been discussed. Corresponding author: Enamul Haque, ISEM, Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia , School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia, E-mail: enamul.haque@ sydney.edu.au Sonia Binte Wahed, Biomedical Engineering Design Lab, School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia, E-mail: sbin6815@uni.sydney.edu.au
An Organizational Study into the Concept of "Automation Policy" in a Safety Critical Socio-Technical System

Although automation has been introduced in all areas of public life, what seems to be missing is a reflection at the organizational or societal level about a policy of automation. By this the authors intend appropriate declarations made at the level of rationale, future plans and strategies to achieve intended goals and most importantly how those achievements will impact on various aspects of societal life, from legal responsibilities to moral and socio economic issues. Implicit in this is what is expected of both the human and technical system actors. In some public spheres these issues are becoming quite controversial because automation opens up possibilities of profound structural re-organization; however, people lack a discussion across and within different work domains to help us review methods or even methodological principles needed to gather and organize knowledge towards the construction of automation policies. This paper uses the UK Air Navigation Service Provider in the Air Traffic Management Domain known as NATS, as a case study to illustrate an example of an organization currently undertaking critical self-reflection about automation policy or the lack of such, along with the illustration of some unresolved deep concerns raised by the development, introduction, and continued use of automation.
Motion characterization by temporal slices analysis

This paper describes an approach to characterize camera and object motions based on the analysis of spatio-temporal image volumes. In the spatio-temporal slices of image volumes, motion is depicted as oriented patterns. We propose a tensor histogram computation algorithm to represent these patterns. The motion trajectories in a histogram are tracked to describe both the camera and object motions. In addition, we exploit the similarity of the temporal slices in a volume to reliably partition a volume into motion tractable units.
Optimal Lower Bounds for Universal Relation, and for Samplers and Finding Duplicates in Streams

In the communication problem UR (universal relation), Alice and Bob respectively receive x, y &#x220A;{0,1\}^n with the promise that x&#x2260; y. The last player to receive a message must output an index i such that x_i&#x2260; y_i. We prove that the randomized one-way communication complexity of this problem in the public coin model is exactly \Theta(\min\{n,\log(1/&#x03B4;)\log^2(\frac n{\log(1/&#x03B4;)})\}) for failure probability &#x03B4;. Our lower bound holds even if promised \mathop{support}(y)&#x2284; \mathop{support}(x). As a corollary, we obtain optimal lower bounds for &#x2113;_p-sampling in strict turnstile streams for 0\le p streams for 0 &#x2264; p
Chinese Herbal Medicine for Postinfectious Cough: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Chinese herbal medicine has been commonly used in the treatment of postinfectious cough. The aim of this review is to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for postinfectious cough. An extensive search for RCTs was performed using multiple electronic databases, supplemented with a manual search. All studies included were confirmed with specific inclusion criteria. Methodological quality of each study was examined according to the Cochrane risk of bias assessment. Quality of evidence was evaluated using rating approach developed by GRADE working group. The literature search yielded 352 results, of which 12 RCTs satisfied the inclusion criteria, offering moderate-to-high levels of evidence. Methodological quality was considered high in three trials, while in the other nine studies the unclear risk of bias was in the majority. Findings suggested that, compared with western conventional medicine or placebo, Chinese herbal medicine could effectively improve core symptoms of postinfectious cough, act better and have earlier antitussive effect, and enhance patients' quality of life. No serious adverse event was reported.
Protection of elastomers with DLC film : deposition, characterization and performance

Elastomers are materials which suffer from strong wear and cause high friction losses when subjected to dynamic contact, leading quite often to failure of the components in devices. In this Thesis, the protection of elastomers by the deposition of carbon-based films (DLC) is studied. To accomplish that objective, an integral approach is proposed, i.e. finding correlations between deposition conditions, characteristics of the films and adhesive and tribological performance. The deposition is performed by plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition, which is fine tuned to obtain a tailored microstructure of the films. A columnar tile-like structure is optimal for protection of this flexible substrates, and excellent frictional behavior is obtained. Nevertheless, the viscoelastic properties of the substrate also play a decisive influence on the frictional performance of the DLC-elastomer ensemble. Therefore, the frictional behavior of DLC-coated elastomers is analyzed in detail, through dedicated experiments and theoretical evaluations, resulting in new insights and novel applications.
Efficient algorithms and software for detection of full-length LTR retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons constitute one of the most abundant classes of repetitive elements in eukaryotic genomes. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for detection of full-length LTR retrotransposons in genomic sequences. The algorithm identifies regions in a genomic sequence that show structural characteristics of LTR retrotransposons. Three key components distinguish our algorithm from that of current software-(i) a novel method that preprocesses the entire genomic sequence in linear time and produces high quality pairs of LTR candidates in running time that is constant per pair, (ii) a thorough alignment-based evaluation of candidate pairs to ensure high quality prediction, and (Hi) a robust parameter set encompassing both structural constraints and quality controls providing users with a high degree of flexibility. Validation of both our serial and parallel implementations of the algorithm against the yeast genome indicates both superior quality and performance results when compared to existing software.
Left Ventricular Adaptation to Sustained Pressure Overload in the Conscious Dog

The early adaptation to aortic stenosis was studied in eight conscious dogs previously instrumented with a left ventricular micromanometer and ultrasonic crystals measuring left ventricular minor equator, left ventricular major axis, and ventricular wall thickness. Data were compared during control, acute inflation of a supravalvular aortic cuff occluder and 24 hours after aortic stenosis with and without β-blockade. Acute aortic stenosis increased peak systolic pressure and end-systolic pressure with a decrease of percent systolic shortening of minor diameter (%±L). Twenty-four hours after aortic constriction for heart rates, end-diastolic dimensions, and systolic pressures similar to those measured during acute aortic stenosis, %±L was significantly increased, compared with acute aortic constriction, and was close to control values. End-systolic diameter was not significantly different from control during sustained pressure overload, although end-systolic stress was increased by 26.7 ± 6.1% (P ± 0.01 with control), representing a leftward shift of the end-systolic stress-diameter relation. Similar results were obtained under β-blockade. We conclude that there is, in this model of moderate pressure overload, a nonsympathetic increased inotropic state very early after aortic constriction.
Prospects in Folate Receptor-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy

Targeted radionuclide therapy is based on systemic application of particle-emitting radiopharmaceuticals which are directed toward a specific tumor-associated target. Accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in targeted cancer cells results in high doses of absorbed radiation energy whereas toxicity to non-targeted healthy tissue is limited. This strategy has found widespread application in the palliative treatment of neuroendocrine tumors using somatostatin-based radiopeptides. The folate receptor (FR) has been identified as a target associated with a variety of frequent tumor types (e.g., ovarian, lung, brain, renal, and colorectal cancer). In healthy organs and tissue FR-expression is restricted to only a few sites such as for instance the kidneys. This demonstrates why FR-targeting is an attractive strategy for the development of new therapy concepts. Due to its high FR-binding affinity (KD < 10−9 M) the vitamin folic acid has emerged as an almost ideal targeting agent. Therefore, a variety of folic acid radioconjugates for nuclear imaging have been developed. However, in spite of the large number of cancer patients who could benefit of a folate-based radionuclide therapy, a therapeutic concept with folate radioconjugates has not yet been envisaged for clinical application. The reason is the generally high accumulation of folate radioconjugates in the kidneys where emission of particle-radiation may result in damage to the renal tissue. Therefore, the design of more sophisticated folate radioconjugates providing improved tissue distribution profiles are needed. This review article summarizes recent developments with regard to a therapeutic application of folate radioconjugates. A new construct of a folate radioconjugate and an application protocol which makes use of a pharmacological interaction allowed the first preclinical therapy experiments with radiofolates. These results raise hope for future application of such new concepts also in the clinic.
Protective effects of different antioxidants against cadmium induced oxidative damage in rat testis and prostate tissues

Abstract The present study was performed to determine the effects of different antioxidants on testicular histopathology and oxidative damage induced by cadmium (Cd) in rat testis and prostate. Twenty five rats were equally divided into five groups (n = 5/group). The control group was injected subcutaneously with saline while the Cd alone treated group received a subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mg/kg CdCl2. Other groups were treated with sulphoraphane (25 µg/rat), vitamin E (75 mg/kg), and Ficus Religiosa plant extract (100 mg/kg) orally along with subcutaneous injections of 0.2 mg/kg CdCl2 for fifteen days. Oxidative damage in the testicular and prostate tissues were assessed by the estimation of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GSR) activity. Lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein estimation, and histomorphology were also assessed. Cadmium exposure caused a significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes like CAT, POD, SOD, GSR, protein concentrations, and a marked increase in TBARS activity in rat testis and prostate. Histological examination of adult male rat testes showed a disruption in the arrangement of seminiferous tubules along with a reduction in the number of germ cells, Leydig cells, tunica albuginea thickness, diameter of seminiferous tubules, and height of germinal epithelium. Co-treatment with vitamin E, sulphoraphane, and Ficus religiosa were found to be effective in reversing Cd induced toxicity, representing potential therapeutic options to protect the reproductive tissues from the detrimental effects of Cd toxicity.
Inhibition of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and immunoglobulin synthesis by an antiserum prepared against a human B- cell Ia-like molecule

Rabbit antisera to the human B-cell-specific antigen complex, p23,30, was used to define further the functional heterogeneity of isolated human lymphocyte subpopulations. Specific depletion of p23,30-bearing cells from Ig-negative cell populations and Ig-negative, E rosette- negative (Null) populations by either complement-mediated lysis or by physical separation on goat antirabbit Fab immunoabsorbent columns, eliminates the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADCC) function. Furthermore, binding of anti-p23,30 serum to the effector cell surface inhibits ADCC but does not interfere with EA rosette formation. Apparently p23,30 represents a cell surface site which is distinct from the Fc receptor but which is important in the triggering of ADCC. In addition, depletion of p23,30-bearing cells from unfractionated cell populations, Ig-positive B-cell populations and Ig-negative, E rosette- negative (Null) populations eliminates the capacity of these populations to secrete immunoglobulin during subsequent culturing. Thus both the Ig-secreting cells and the ADCC effector cells within the Ig- negative, E rosette-negative (Null) population reside in the same population of cells which bears the p23,30 antigen.
Differential physiologic responses of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to beta-amyloid1-40 and beta-amyloid1-42.

The beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta), Abeta(1-40) and Abeta(1-42), have been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Although Abeta(1-42) is generally considered to be the pathological peptide in AD, both Abeta(1-40) and Abeta(1-42) have been used in a variety of experimental models without discrimination. Here we show that monomeric or oligomeric forms of the two Abeta peptides, when interact with the neuronal cation channel, alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (alpha7nAChR), would result in distinct physiologic responses as measured by acetylcholine release and calcium influx experiments. While Abeta(1-42) effectively attenuated these alpha7nAChR-dependent physiology to an extent that was apparently irreversible, Abeta(1-40) showed a lower inhibitory activity that could be restored upon washings with physiologic buffers or treatment with alpha7nAChR antagonists. Our data suggest a clear pharmacological distinction between Abeta(1-40) and Abeta(1-42).
p-OFTL: An object-based semantic-aware parallel flash translation layer

With increased density and decreased price, flash memory has been widely used in storage systems for its low latency and low power features. However, traditional storage systems are designed and excessively optimized for magnetic disks, and the potential of flash memory is not brought into full play in the form of Solid State Drives (SSDs). In this paper, we propose p-OFTL, an object-based semantic-aware parallel flash translation layer (FTL). p-OFTL removes the mapping table in the FTL and directly manages the flash memory in file objects, which enables optimization of data layout in the flash using object semantics. While the removing of the mapping table improves system performance, a challenge remains to exploit the internal parallelism when maintaining the continuity of logical addresses in each object, which is essential for efficient garbage collection. To address this challenge, p-OFTL statically remaps the addresses by shifting the bits in the addresses, which spreads writes to different internal parallel units without another mapping table. Also, p-OFTL employs a semantic-aware data grouping algorithm to group data pages by trading off the hot-cold clustering for the continuity of logical addresses, so as to reduce the page movement in garbage collection. Experiments show that p-OFTL improves system performance by 4.0% ~ 10.3% and reduces garbage collection overhead by 15.1% ~ 32.5% in semantic-aware data grouping compared to those in semantic-unaware data grouping algorithms.
Development of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide mRNA Rhythm in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Development of the daily rhythm of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) mRNA in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a main locus of circadian oscillation, was investigated by in situ hybridization. The phenotypic expression of VIP neurons occurred in two developmental stages in the ventrolateral portion of the SCN (VLSCN): the first was found before birth in the rostral part, and the second occurred in the main part between postnatal day (P) 10 and P20. The latter period coincided with the time that the massive VIP-efferent fibers project to the subparaventricular zone. In the adult and P20, the VIP mRNA signals of the SCN showed a clear diurnal rhythm with a trough in the light phase and a peak in the dark phase under light/dark (LD) conditions, but under constant dark (DD) conditions, no VIP mRNA fluctuations were observed. At P10, however, it was found that SCN VIP mRNA showed a peak at the transition from night to day and a trough at early dark period in LD conditions, in sharp contrast to the night peak in the adult rhythm. In DD conditions, a light-phase peak and a dark-phase trough were also observed at P10, contrasting the arrhythmic feature at adult stage. The present findings suggest that daily VIP rhythm was first generated in the early developed clock-controlled rostral SCN neurons, and later regulated by light-dependent main VLSCN neurons.
Non-Linear Fibres for Widely Tunable Femtosecond Fibre Lasers

This Ph.D. thesis investigates how intramodal and intermodal nonlinear processes in few-moded fibres can be used to generate light sources at wavelengths outside the spectral gain-bands of rare-earth-doped opticalfibres. The design of two specialty few-moded fibres for use in a widely tunable femtosecond fibre laser is presented. The two fibres are used to facilitate the shifting of a soliton in a cascade configuration from the ytterbium gain-band and to a wavelength of 1280 nm. The temporal pulse duration is on a femtosecond scale with a pulse energy of 5 nJ. The experimentally observed soliton self-frequency shift and thereby the outcome of the experimental demonstration of the widely tunable femtosecond fibre laser is shown to depend highly on the chirped of the input pulse into the first few-moded fibre in the cascade setup. Furthermore, an alternative splicing process, with a combination of a fusion splicer and a gas-line burner, is applied to the few-moded fibres. An intermodal four-wave mixing process and a novel intermodal Čerenkov generation process are demonstrated experimentally in one of the two speciality few-moded fibres. The two intermodal processes are described theoretically and numerically. For the intermodal four-wave mixing experiment an alternative version of the Generalised Non-Linear Schrödinger Equation is derived, which includes the correct dispersion of the transverse field. It is observed that the alternative version of the Generalised Non-Linear Schrödinger Equation, as opposed to the commonly used version, is able to reproduce the intermodal four-wave mixing experiment. The relation between the intramodal self-phase modulation and the intramodal Raman effect is determined from experimental measurements on a number of step-index fibres. The Raman fraction is found to vary with the germanium concentration. For the considered stepix x Abstract index fibres the Raman fraction varies from 0.16 to 0.15 with increasing germanium concentration, which is lower than the often cited value of 0.18. Furthermore, an extensive work regarding modelling of mode-locked lasers was performed. The result of this is reported for an all-normal dispersive polarisation-maintaining laser.
Recommendable Schemes of Anti-decompilation for Android Applications

Currently, Regular Android software, injected in malicious code, is one of the important factors of that Android virus run rampant. Protecting the Android software has become a focus of attention in academia and industry. Addressing the safety protection issues of the Android software, this paper will present some new schemes for Android software security technology. On the basis of existing research results, we will propose some recommendable solutions to prevent android applications being decompiled. Take advantage of these methods, we will build the Android software protection system, which will mostly eliminate the feasibility of the secondary packaging for Android software, and extend the Android software safety lifecycle.