Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Establishing Relationship between Complexity and Faults for Object-Oriented Software Systems

Controlling and minimizing software complexity is the most important objective of each software development paradigm because it affects all other software quality attributes like reusability, reliability, testability, maintainability etc. For this purpose, a number of software complexity measures have been reported to quantify different aspects of complexity. Complexity and fault proneness are two prominent parameters for improving quality of the software . The software industry is continuously facing the challenges of growing complexity of software and increased level of data on defects. To control the complexity and faults is one of the major challenges for researchers to predict different parameters which are responsible for increasing complexity and fault proneness. In this paper, faults prediction through bebugging technique has been tried through an experiment applied to C++ programs and compared the results with various object-oriented complexity measures. The results have been found encouraging. Relationship between faults and complexity has also been established.
Adultez Emergente en la Argentina

Resumen Arnett (2000) define la adultez emergente como un nuevo período de la vida que se extiende desde finales de la adolescencia hasta bien entrada la tercera década, con un foco en las edades 18-25. Se caracteriza por cambios frecuentes, a medida que los jóvenes exploran diversas posibilidades en el amor, el trabajo y la visión del mundo. En los estudios llevados a cabo en América del Norte (Arnett, 2001), los adultos emergentes no se ven ya como adolescentes, pero muchos de ellos tampoco se consideran plenamente adultos. La adultez emergente es una construcción cultural. Es más probable que exista en los países altamente industrializados o pos-industrializados que requieren un alto nivel de educación para el ingreso en profesiones basadas en la información y que posponen el matrimonio y la paternidad hasta mucho después de completada la escuela media. En la Argentina, los jóvenes de edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 25 ¿pueden ser considerados como adultos emergentes en el sentido de Arnett, a pesar de ser el nuestro un país menos desarrollado que los del norte de América y de Europa?
A conditional model for triggering understanding actions in a speech understanding system

A conditional model is introduced for triggering understanding actions that correct errors of frame hypothesization and composition. Experimental evidence is provided using the French MEDIA corpus that these models trained with automatic speech recognition hypotheses trigger effective corrections of more than half of the errors. The overall frame recall increases from 0.76 to 0.84 while precision increases from 0.78 to 0.85. The number of fully corrected dialog turns increases of 8.8% making about half of the turns fully correct.
A survey on the need and use of AI in game agents

This paper firstly seeks an answer to the question of whether Non Player Characters (NPCs) in Computer Games can also be viewed as game agents where reactivity, autonomy, being temporarily continuous and having goal-oriented behavior are taken as the features of being a game agent. Within this scope, we will try to assess whether naming NPCs as agents point to a desire that one day they would fulfill the requirements of being an agent or whether NPCs actually already fulfill these requirements. Secondly, the paper looks into the AI needs of video games. We present the AI methodologies that are either being used and under research for use in Game AI. The same methodologies are also likely to contribute to the increasing levels of autonomy and goal-directed behavior of NPCs and help them become more agent-like.
Texture Adaptation for Progressive Meshes

Level‐of‐detail modeling is a vital representation for real‐time applications. To support texture mapping progressive meshes (PM), we usually allow the whole PM sequence to share a common texture map. Although such a common texture map can be derived by using appropriate mesh parameterizations that consider the minimization of geometry stretch, texture stretch, or even the texture deviation introduced by edge collapses, we have found that even with a well parameterized texture map, the texture mapped PM still reveals apparent texture distortion due to geometry changes and the nature of linear interpolation used by texture mapping hardware. In this paper, we propose a novel, simple, and efficient approach that adapts texture content for each edge collapse, aiming to eliminate texture distortion. A texture adaptation and its inverse are local and incremental operations that can be fully supported by texture mapping hardware, the render‐to‐texture feature, and the fragment shader. Once the necessary correspondence in the partition of texture space is built during the course of PM construction, the texture adaptation or its inverse can be applied on the fly before rendering the simplified or refined model with texture map. We also propose the mechanism of indexing mapping to reduce blurred artifacts due to under‐sampling that might be introduced by texture adaptation.
Fast Analytical Methods for Macroscopic Electrostatic Models in Biomolecular Simulations

We review recent developments of fast analytical methods for macroscopic electrostatic calculations in biological applications, including the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) and the generalized Born models for electrostatic solvation energy. The focus is on analytical approaches for hybrid solvation models, especially the image charge method for a spherical cavity, and also the generalized Born theory as an approximation to the PB model. This review places much emphasis on the mathematical details behind these methods.
Gap Analyses of Environmental Management Frameworks for Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field fraught with uncertainty due to the still nascent efforts to understand its potential health risks and ecosystem dynamics. Yet, nanotechnology, like other still-emerging technologies, provides fertile territory for establishing an "upstream" management system that minimizes future risks while still in research and design. Thus, to identify the characteristics of such a proactive nano management system, gap analyses were performed on the sustainable engineering frameworks: Twelve Principles of Green Engineering, Earth Systems Engineering and Management, Life Cycle Assessment, and Cradle to Cradle, with economic, socio-cultural, environmental, and technical criteria, using buckyballs (endohedral metallofullerenes), as a case study nanomaterial. It was determined that, partly due to the unavailability of most quantitative life cycle data, and the need for modifications of these frameworks to function both as proactive as well as nano-specific, it is premature to identify a specific optimal framework. Thus, a "hybrid" framework made partly from the tools, principles, and values of the existing methods like the ones analyzed here is proposed
Deep Habits and the Cyclical Behaviour of Equilibrium Unemployment and Vacancies

We extend the standard textbook search and matching model by introducing deep habits in consumption. This assumption generates amplification in the response of labour market variables to technology shocks by producing endogenous countercyclical mark-ups. The cyclical fluctuations of vacancies and unemployment in our model can replicate those observed in the US data, with labour market tightness being 20 times more volatile than consumption. Vacancies display a hump-shaped response to technology shocks and the numerical simulations generate an artificial Beveridge curve that is in line with the data. Our model preserves the assumption of fully flexible wages for new hires and the calibration is consistent with the estimated elasticity of unemployment to unemployment benefits. Finally, we show that in contrast to models with exogenous mark-up shocks, the deep habits model does not require an implausible variation in the elasticity of demand to match the volatility of labour market variables, and the cyclical properties of the mark-up are in line with empirical evidence.
Prevalência e fatores sociodemográficos e ambientais associados à atividade física no tempo livre e no deslocamento em adultos Prevalence and social, demographic and environmental factors associated with leisure time and commuting physical activity in adults

The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence the sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with physical activity during leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and commuting physical activity (CPA). A cross-sectional research design with 460 adults from 20-79 years of age, 300 (65.2%) women was carried out. LTPA and CPA were assessed with the IPAQ - long version. The associations were analyzed with logistic regression, estimating the odds ratio (OR) with a confidence interval of 95%. The prevalence of individuals active in leisure time was 20.4% and 27.2% of the transportation. After multivariate analysis, the LTPA was positively associated with male, middle and high school, middle socioeconomic status, marital status divorced and possibility of using public space for physical activity, and, inversely with perceived insecurity/violence in neighborhood. The CPA was inversely associated with and age higher than 60 years and positively to the marital status single and divorced as well as, the possibility of using public space for physical activity. Sociodemographic and environmental factors, mainly sex, age, marital status, socioeconomic status, education, possible use of public space for physical activity and perception of insecurity / violence in the neighborhood were as
Application of the stochastic mesh method in pricing of American-style options

In this paper we present how to perform the pricing of American-style options in practice with use of the stochastic mesh method. We show various types of the estimators. Then we indicate their properties on the examples. We determine the values of parameters which allow to implement a method efficiently. Finally, we present how to use the method on a challenging problem of pricing arithmetic average put option on multiple assets.
Role of Per1 and the mineralocorticoid receptor in the coordinate regulation of αENaC in renal cortical collecting duct cells

Renal function and blood pressure (BP) exhibit a circadian pattern of variation, but the molecular mechanism underlying this circadian regulation is not fully understood. We have previously shown that the circadian clock protein Per1 positively regulates the basal and aldosterone-mediated expression of the alpha subunit of the renal epithelial sodium channel (αENaC). The mechanism of this regulation has not been determined however. To further elucidate the mechanism of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and Per1 action, site-directed mutagenesis, DNA pull-down assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) methods were used to investigate the coordinate regulation of αENaC by Per1 and MR. Mutation of two circadian response E-boxes in the human αENaC promoter abolished both basal and aldosterone-mediated promoter activity. DNA pull down assays demonstrated the interaction of both MR and Per1 with the E-boxes from the αENaC promoter. These observations were corroborated by ChIP experiments showing increased occupancy of MR and Per1 on an E-box of the αENaC promoter in the presence of aldosterone. This is the first report of an aldosterone-mediated increase in Per1 on a target gene promoter. Taken together, these results demonstrate the novel finding that Per1 and MR mediate the aldosterone response of αENaC through DNA/protein interaction in renal collecting duct cells.
On the Discrete Cumulative Residual Entropy

Recently, Rao et al. (2004) have proposed a new measure of uncertainty for a distribution function F, called cumulative residual entropy (CRE) and obtained some properties and applications of that. Asadi and Zohrevand (2007) have proposed that CRE has connected to some well-known reliability measures. In the present paper, we in- troduce cumulative residual entropy for discrete random variables and study some of its properties, and show how it is connected with some well-known measures such as mean residual life-time.
Schooling of Desire

As Helen Keller eloquently stated, true happiness stems from our “fidelity,” our capacity to identify and invest ourselves in “a worthy purpose. ” Our topic, virtue, has much to do with happiness because living virtuously is directly related to happiness, eudaimonia or human flourishing. Virtue, I would argue, is not a very compelling end in and of itself. While virtues such as self-mastery, courage, justice, and integrity present themselves as noble ideals, they must be understood, as Aristotle observed, within the context of a higher order desire to lead a happy life. Moreover, the most powerful education in virtue comes not from a lesson or an abstract ideal but from a life. We know from experience that conceptions of the good life vary greatly not only from one individual to another, but also from one stage of a person’s life to another. Since antiquity it has been commonplace for wise persons to observe that popular notions of the good life as devoted to the accumulation of wealth, honors and power, or as given over to the pursuit of pleasure, are misguided. Human beings are more likely to flourish if they attend to those internal characteristics that define who they are themselves, rather than focusing on life’s external trappings of success.
Demonstration of Nanomachining With Focused Extreme Ultraviolet Laser Beams

A major challenge in laser machining of microstructures is that of extending the spatial domain to the smaller dimensions of interest in nanotechnology. We demonstrate the feasibility of directly machining nanoscale structures with a focused extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laser beam. Clean sub-200-nm-wide trenches (130-nm full width at half maximum) were ablated on polymethyl methacrylate photoresist by focusing the 46.9-nm wavelength beam from a Ne-like Ar capillary discharge tabletop laser with a Fresnel zone plate lens. Considering that clean 82-nm holes were also ablated using the same laser, it can be expected that focused EUV laser light will enable the machining of significantly smaller features.
SPONTANEOUS SPATIAL FRACTAL PATTERN FORMATION IN ABSORPTIVE SYSTEMS

We predict, for the first time to our knowledge, that purely-absorptive nonlinearity can support spontaneous spatial fractal pattern formation. A passive optical ring cavity with a thin slice of saturable absorber is analyzed. Linear stability analysis yields threshold curves for Turing (static) instabilities with features proposed as characteristics of potential fractal pattern formation. Numerical simulations of the fully-nonlinear dynamics, with both one and two transverse dimensions, confirm theoretical predictions.
Heterogeneity and Aggregation in the Labor Market: Implications for Aggregate Preference Shifts

The cyclical behavior of hours of work, wages, and consumption does not conform with the prediction of the representative agent with standard preferences. The residual in the intra-temporal first-order condition for commodity consumption and leisure is often viewed as a failure of labor-market clearing. We show that a simple heterogeneous agent economy with incomplete markets and indivisible labor generates an aggregation error that looks much like the preference residual in aggregate data. Our results caution against viewing the preference residual as a failure of labor-market clearing or a fundamental driving force of business cycles.
Force directed Mongrel with physical net constraints

This paper describes a new force directed global placement algorithm that exploits and extends techniques from two leading placers, force-directed according to H. Eisenmann and F.M. Johannes (1998) and T. Cao et al. (2003) and Mongrel by S. Hur and J. Lillis (2000). It combines the strengths of force directed global placement with Mongrel's cell congestion removal to significantly improve the quality of placement during the difficult overlap removal stage of global placement. This is accomplished by using the spreading force in according to H. Eisenmann and F. M. Johannes (1998) to direct and control Mongrel's ripple move optimization. This new placer is called force directed Mongrel (FD-Mongrel). FD-Mongrel also incorporates physical net constraints according to T. Cao et al. (2003), and improves the congestion model for sparse placements. We propose a new placement flow that uses a limited number of the spreading iterations of generic global placement by H. Eisenmann and F. M. Johannes (1998) to form a preliminary global placement. We then use the new FD-Mongrel described in this paper to remove cell overlaps, while meeting net constraints and optimizing wirelength. We present results on wirelength as well as timing driven placement flows.
Using Contextual Information to Assess Package Cohesion

Complex systems are decomposed into cohesive packages with the goal of limiting the scope of changes: if our packages are cohesive, we hope that changes will be limited to the packages responsible for the features we are changing, or at worst the packages that are immediate clients of those features. But how should we measure cohesion? Traditional cohesion metrics focus on the explicit dependencies and interactions between the classes within the package under study. A package, however, may be conceptually cohesive even though its classes exhibit no explicit dependencies. We propose a group of contextual metrics that assess the cohesion of a package based on the degree to which its classes are used together by common clients. We apply these metrics to various case studies, and contrast the degree of cohesion detected with that of traditional cohesion metrics. In particular, we note that object-oriented frameworks may appear not to be cohesive with traditional metrics, whereas our contextual metrics expose the implicit cohesion that results from the framework's clients.
Nonlinear Dynamical Approaches to Human Movement

A Cu skin film is formed of an aggregate of Cu crystals. Pyramid-shaped Cu crystals and/or conical Cu crystals exist in the surface of the Cu skin film. The area rate A of the pyramid-shaped Cu crystals, the area rate A of the conical Cu crystals or the sum A of the area rates of these Cu crystals in the skin film surface are set in a range of A>/=40%. The skin film surface takes on an intricate aspect due to the existence of the infinite number of pyramid-shaped Cu crystals and/or conical Cu crystals. If such a Cu skin film is formed, for example, on a surface opposite from that surface of a backing of a slide bearing which is opposed to a rotary shaft, the Cu skin film exhibits a good oil retention and therefore seizure due to a fretting can be avoided.
RESPONSE OF NEUTRON MONITORS TO COSMIC RAY COUNTS : A STATISTICAL APPROACH

Study of cosmic ray became a subject of study with the invention of neutron monitor by Simpson. But recording of cosmic ray counts was started regularly from International Geophysical Year at different locations having different climatic zones over the globe. Here statistical analysis is performed to investigate the degree of response of different monitors towards cosmic ray counts. No significant difference is observed in statistical analysis if cosmic ray counts are normalized with respect to their mean counts in respective solar cycles. Correlation between cosmic ray counts of any two stations is found ranges from 0.88 to 0.99.
PulsArt – IT, Salt and Water For Family Awareness

Recent years have seen a growing interest in considering the domestic household as a new and important domain for interaction design. In this article we present pulsArt - a physical and digital installation designed for the home to represent different family members’ level of activity by water running down blocks of salt based on a real-time reading of the individual family member’s pulse. We describe how pulsArt explores novel ways of looking at the interaction between the physical, the social and the digital and how it acts as a context-aware artefact, amplifying the domestic setting to provide a new kind of awareness in the family. In doing so, we seek to develop new perspectives on designing interactive and context-aware systems for the home and what values they might support.
Neurotrophic factor mimetics for neurological diseases Summary Current treatment of Parkinson’s disease is symptomatic and none of the available drugs can attenuate or stop neurodegeneration. Neurotrophic factor glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) not only protects, but also repairs t

Current treatment of Parkinson’s disease is symptomatic and none of the available drugs can attenuate or stop neurodegeneration. Neurotrophic factor glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) not only protects, but also repairs the dopaminergic system in animal models of Parkinson’s disease, and has validated therapeutic potential also for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and addiction. Artemin (ARTN) is an homologous protein to GDNF and has great potential for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Since the delivery of therapeutic proteins into the brain is complicated and expensive, we discovered 21 diverse chemical compounds that mimic GDNF and ARTN actions. The optimal concentration range for most potent compounds is 500 nM to 5 μM. In addition to molecules activating neurotrophic factor GDNF and ARTN receptors we have characterized five new molecules activating survival promoting signaling in neurons even at a 100nM concentration. We believe that these drugs will be much more efficient and safer alternatives to current symptomatic treatments of Parkinson’s disease, ALS, addiction and pain, but possibly also for several other neurological diseases. Small molecule drugs possess superior pharmacological properties to protein therapeutics and therefore are more attractive clinical agents.
Bats of Antigua, northern Lesser Antilles

Five species of bats are known in the literature from Anguilla—Monophyllus plethodon, Brachyphylla cavernarum, Artibeus jamaicensis, Natalus stramineus, and Molossus molossus. These records are scattered in the literature as parts of simple reports of the species from the island or included in revisions of taxonomic groups that occur on the island, but the first comprehensive study of bats of Anguilla is presented herein. In addition to providing morphometric and natural history information for the five species of bats previously known from the island, records of a species of bat new to the fauna of the island of Anguilla—Tadarida brasiliensis—are documented. Based on data from this study, the conclusion is drawn that the Anegada Passage has had only a limited impact as a zoogeographic barrier for the chiropteran faunas of the Greater and Lesser Antilles, if a perspective of the last 10,000 years is taken.