Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intra‐Aggregate Pore Structures and Escherichia coli Distribution by Water Flow within and Movement Out of Soil Macroaggregates

Soil aggregates are an important structural component of the soil matrix that could harbor Escherichia coli and provide an environment for its survival and water flow reentering. Knowledge of the exact pore locations within soil aggregates obtained using X‐ray computed microtomography opens new opportunities for understanding microorganism movement within the soil matrix. The first objective of this study was to assess E. coli spatial distribution within soil macroaggregates and its potential for leaving the aggregates with the saturated water flow. The second objective was to study the relationships between the distribution and movement of E. coli within soil aggregates and the aggregates' internal pore structures. We studied aggregates from the top (A) horizon of conventionally tilled (CT) and no‐till (NT) corn–soybean–wheat rotations and native succession vegetation (NS) treatments at NSF Long‐Term Ecological Research site, southwest Michigan. The results confirmed that E. coli movement in soil aggregates was mainly driven by water flow via capillary forces. E. coli redistribution was most pronounced in CT aggregates, followed by NT, and was almost negligible in NS aggregates. Pore characteristics that positively contributed to E. coli redistribution through the aggregates were the maximum flow in the aggregate centers and the ratio of the maximum flow and pore tortuosity. The E. coli retention in the aggregate's centers was positively related to porosity, percent of medium and large pores, and pore tortuosity.
THE APPLICATION OF HIGH-PRECISION AEROGEOPHYSICAL INTEGRATED SURVEY TO GEOLOGICAL MAPPING

This paper recounts the achievements made in geological mapping work in the East Tianshan Mountain area, which include the classification of lithologic characters and the division of magmatic rocks and structures. These achievements were made through integrated researches and field geological and geophysical-geochemical integrated investigation on the basis of large-scale high-precision aerogeophysical integrated survey.
The Parabolic Taylor Formula of the Implied Volatility

This paper is concerned with the study of the asymptotic behavior of the implied volatility (IV) and its derivatives with respect to strike and maturity. We consider a multivariate model driven by a stochastic process that, locally, is a diffusion in the sense of Stroock and Varadhan (1979) and Friedman (1975, 1976). Our main result is a rigorous derivation of the exact Taylor formula of the IV in a parabolic region close to expiry and at the money (ATM).
Examination of Value Orientations and Levels of Tolerance of Teacher Candidates

Individuals continue their lives by learning many values in life and making them experiences. Teachers play important roles in this process. Values education, which can also be described as the transfer of values to new generations, is among the main topics in our present day’s education process. It is very important for th e success of education for teachers to perform classroom activities with an understanding attitude toward their students by keeping the value of tolerance at the forefront of the education-teaching processes. In this context, the purpose was to examine the value orientations and tolerance levels of teacher candidates in the present study in which the Quantitative Method was adopted. With the Screening Model Approach, teacher candidates’ value orientations and tolerance levels were evaluated by using the Por trait Values Scale and Tolerance Scale. A total of 351 teacher candidates who were studying at the Faculty of Education in the fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year participated in this study. The SPSS program, descriptive statistical calculations, T-test, ANOVA and correlation analysis were performed in the analysis of the data. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the value orientations of the teacher candidates concentrated on the values of Universalism, Self-direction, and Security at a high level. In the value orientations of teacher candidates according to gender, a significant difference was found in favor of women in the sub-dimensions of Hedonism and Universalism. At the end of the study, recommendations are included based on the findings.
Time-Varying Matrix Inversion Based on Lagrange-Type Finite Difference

—Discretization is a vital component of solving time-varying matrix inversion, which determines the effectiveness, the ability of real-time computation and the precision. Zeroing neural dynamics is a classical method for solving time-varying matrix inversion. In that method, conventional Lagrange-type ﬁnite difference formulas cannot be used for discretization because of the constraint of 0-stability. It thus leads to a lot of research in the development of effective discretization formulas. The developed formulas are uniformly called ZeaD. In this work, we develop a new method instead of zeroing neural dynamics to solve time-varying matrix inversion. We obtain a direct calculation scheme instead of a form of differential equation. Thus, Lagrange-type formulas are still effective for discretization in our method. Finally, a series of models based on Lagrange-type formulas as well as ZeaD formulas are proposed. Note that, compared with ZeaD formulas, Lagrange-type formulas have higher precision when the numbers of instances are the same.
Diversity of Shallot Rhizomicrobiome and Twisted Disease Suppression with The Application of Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma asperellum Keragaman Rhizomikrobiom Bawang Merah dan Penekanan Penyakit Moler dengan Perlakuan Bacillus spp. dan Trichoderma asperellum

Twisted disease ( Fusarium spp.) is an endemic disease that reduces shallot production in the coastal land area of Samas, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The application of Bacillus spp. can suppress the twisted disease by secreting secondary metabolites and enhancing soil suppressiveness. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of adding spraying Bacillus spp. on the disease incidence, production of shallots, and their effect on the diversity of rhizomicrobiome by culture microbe approaches. Bacillus spp. with a density 10 8 cfu mL -1 , Trichoderma asperellum 10 6 cfu mL -1 was applied by spraying to the shallot. Fungicide chlorothalonil, propiconazole, and prochloraz were used to control the disease. The diversity of rhizobacteria and fungi was analyzed using the ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) method. Based on the analysis result, the addition of spraying B. velezensis B-27, combination B. velezensis B-27 and B. cereus RC76, and T. asperellum was unable to enhance the suppression of twisted disease, but it was able to enhance the production of shallot bulbs reaching 7.10, 7.80, and 8.43 ton ha -1 . Furthermore, the result revealed the diversity of the rhizomicrobiome, spraying Bacillus sp. showed 39% differences in bacterial diversity with control while T. asperellum caused 43% difference in the diversity. Spraying Bacillus spp. has not been able to suppress the incidence of twisted diseases compared to control. However, the similar disease incidence on a spraying Bacillus spp. and control showed a higher production until 70% compared to control. This result showed that the addition of spraying Bacillus spp. able to increase the tolerance of shallot plants toward twisted disease.
Supply Chain Management Success Factors in Nigerian Commercial Banks

upply Chain Management (SCM) is taking deep roots in banking owing to S the increasing deployment of banking logistics and equipment. In view of this, the need for effective supply chain management in commercial banks is quite critical. This study, therefore, seeks to identify the supply chain management success factors in the Nigerian banking sector. To achieve this, a quantitative research approach was used. The population for this study is the 433 administrative employees in the supply chain departments of the head offices of the top ten banks in Nigeria according to the “Financial Times” group of London's 2016/2017 rankings. Based on this population, the sample size was determined using Krejcie & Morgan (1970) formula to be 204. A randomly self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. This questionnaire was built on a five-point Likert scale. A total of 105 completed questionnaires were deemed appropriate for data analysis. This represented a response rate of 51.4%. the data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. The exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the dimension of the success factors and dependent variable while multi-linear regression was used to model the relationship between SCM success and the six factors identified. Results indicated that planning, motivation, management commitment, competency of SCM staff, communication and benchmarking positively influence supply chain management success in Nigerian banks. Based on this finding, it was recommended that commercial banks should enhance their priority to supply chain success factors identified in this study and take necessary steps to fine-tune their supply chain management procedures towards maximized growth.
Power Is More Relevant Than Ascensional Speed to Determine Metabolic Demand at Different Gradient Slopes During Running

Abstract Hingrand, C, Olivier, N, Combes, A, Bensaid, S, and Daussin, FN. Power is more relevant than ascensional speed to determine metabolic demand at different gradient slopes during running. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): 2298–2301, 2023—Trail running is characterized by successive uphill and downhill running sessions. To prescribe training intensity, an assessment of maximal running capacity is required. This study compared 2 uphill incremental tests using the same ascensional speed increment to identify the influence of the slope gradient on performance. Ten subjects (8 men and 2 women) performed 3 incremental exercises on various slope (1%: IT01, 10%: IT10, and 25%: IT25), and the ascensional speed increment was similar between IT10 and IT25 (100 m·h−1 every minute). Gas exchanges, heart rate, and power were monitored continuously during the tests. Similar V̇o2max levels were observed in the 3 conditions: 68.7 ± 6.2 for IT01, 70.1 ± 7.3 for IT10, and 67.6 ± 7.0 for IT25. A greater maximal ascensional speed was reached in the IT25 (1760 ± 190 vs. 1,330 ± 106 for IT25 and IT10, respectively, p < 0.01). A significant relationship was observed between relative V̇o2 levels and relative power without any effect of slope. Power should be the parameter used for prescribing training intensity compared with ascensional speed in trail.
Does the Menstrual Cycle Impact the Maximal Neuromuscular Capacities of Women? An Analysis Before and After a Graded Treadmill Test to Exhaustion

Abstract Morenas-Aguilar, MD, Ruiz-Alias, SA, Blanco, AM, Lago-Fuentes, C, García-Pinillos, F, and Pérez-Castilla, A. Does the menstrual cycle impact the maximal neuromuscular capacities of women? An analysis before and after a graded treadmill test to exhaustion. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): 2185–2191, 2023. This study explored the effect of the menstrual cycle (MC) on the maximal neuromuscular capacities of the lower-body muscles obtained before and after a graded exercise test conducted on a treadmill to exhaustion. Sixteen physically active women were tested at −11 ± 3, −5 ± 3, and 5 ± 3 days from the luteinizing peak for the early follicular, late follicular, and midluteal phases. In each session, the individualized load-velocity (L-V) relationship variables (load-axis intercept [L0], velocity-axis intercept [v0], and area under the L-V relationship line [Aline]) were obtained before and after a graded exercise test conducted on a treadmill to exhaustion using the 2-point method (3 countermovement jumps with a 0.5-kg barbell and 2 back squats against a load linked to a mean velocity of 0.55 m·second−1). At the beginning of each session, no significant differences were reported for L0 (p = 0.726; ES ≤ 0.18), v0 (p = 0.202; ES ≤ 0.37), and Aline (p = 0.429; ES ≤ 0.30) between the phases. The MC phase × time interaction did not reach statistical significance for any L-V relationship variable (p ≥ 0.073). A significant main effect of “time” was observed for L0 (p < 0.001; ES = −0.77) and Aline (p = 0.002; ES = −0.59) but not for v0 (p = 0.487; ES = 0.12). These data suggest that the lower-body maximal neuromuscular capacities obtained before and after a graded treadmill test are not significantly affected by MC, although there is a high variability in the individual response.
The Effect of a Novel Weight-Supported Kinetic Chain Resistance Training Program on Proximal Core Muscular Endurance, Trunk-to-Arm Muscular Power, and Bat Swing Speed

Abstract Palmer, TG, and McCabe, M. The effect of a novel weight-supported kinetic chain resistance training program on proximal core muscular endurance, trunk-to-arm muscular power, and bat swing speed. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): 2130–2140, 2023—Muscular stability and muscular power at the proximal core segments of the pelvis, spine, and trunk are essential attributes in maximizing bat swing speed in the sport of softball. Weight-supported kinetic chain resistance training (WsKC) is a novel closed kinetic chain technique that provides synergistic multiplanar stressors to the proximal core segments via the lower and upper extremities while limiting joint compression and sheer forces throughout the kinetic chain. The aim of this study was to assess the effect a 7-week preseason WsKC program would have on an isometric muscular endurance plank, trunk-to-arm peak muscular power (TAPP), trunk-to-arm peak velocity (TAPV), and bat swing speed (BSS) compared with a traditional isotonic weight resistance training program. Twenty-seven female high school softball players (age = 16 years, height = 167.6 cm, body mass = 62.86 kg) were assigned in a blocked randomization to one of 2 groups: a standing weight-supported kinetic chain resistance training (WsT) group (n = 13) or a pseudo-control traditional isotonic training (TT) group (n = 14). The WsT group had significant improvements (p < 0.05) for the isometric endurance plank (p = 0.001), TAPP (p = 0.002), TAPV (p = 0.001), and BSS (p = 0.02) compared with the TT group. The training effect size (ES) was large for the WsT group for all variables (ES = 1.0–7.4) and small to moderate for a majority of the TT variables (ES = 0.06–0.47). The simultaneous improvement in the isometric endurance plank, trunk-to-arm rotations, and BSS indicates that the WsKC contributed to subsequent improvements in BSS in high school softball players.
The Meaning of Life Intervention for Patients With Advanced-Stage Cancer: Development and Pilot Study

Methods: Assessments of outcome variables were conducted at baseline and one day and two weeks after the intervention. Patients were randomly allocated to the intervention group or the control group. Repeated measures analysis of covariance were conducted to assess the impact of the Meaning of Life Intervention on participants’ quality of life. Main Research Variables: The primary outcome was quality of life and was measured by the Quality-of-Life Concerns in the End-of-Life (QOLC-E) questionnaire and with a single-item scale on global quality of life. The eight subscales of the QOLC-E served as secondary outcomes. Findings: Statistically significant main effects were noted for the group in the QOLC-E questionnaire total score, the single-item scale on global quality of life
Multitemporal Principal Component Analysis of spectral and spatial features of the Venice Lagoon

Abstract This study focuses on a multitemporal spectral analysis of morphologic features of the Venice Lagoon. Principal Component Analysis, applied in a multidate merged rotation to standardized visible and infrared Landsat Thematic Mapper spectral bands, has allowed discrimination of differences in spatial distribution and spectral characteristics of the observed features. A comparative analysis has been carried out on the derived PC based on visual and statistical interpretation. Near- and medium-infrared bands are revealed to be suitable to return significant information in a very shallow water environment and under particular weather conditions. A map of part of the Northern Lagoon has been produced out of the first Principal Component of multitemporal TM4s.
Throughput and Backhaul Energy Efﬁciency Analysis in Two-Tier HetNets: A MultiObjective Approach

—Fifth Generation (5G) networks will compromise of heterogeneous networks (HetNets) with macrocell overlaid with lower power small cells to achieve higher throughput by ofﬂoading users with low signal-to-noise-ratio from macrocell to the small cells. In this paper, we proposed a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP) to jointly investigate the tradeoff between throughput and backhaul energy efﬁciency (BEE) using ω -fair utility function for two different backhauling technologies in downlink transmission scheme of a two-tier HetNets. We then transform the proposed MOP into a single objective optimization problem (SOP) employing the weighted sum method to obtain the complete Pareto Frontier solution set with minimum QoS requirements and rate fairness level ω . The transformed SOP is solved in an iterative manner using Lagrangian Dual Decomposition (LDD) with a subgradient method providing a near-optimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach in reducing the total area power consumption irrespective of the backhauling technology by dynamically adjusting weighting coefﬁcient α and rate fairness level ω . Our numerical results also demonstrate the fundamental tradeoff between throughput and BEE for different parameters such as weighting coefﬁcient α and rate fairness level ω .
PROBING THE ARCHITECTURE OF VISUAL NUMBER SENSE WITH PARIETAL tRNS.

Theoretical accounts of the visual number sense (VNS), i.e., an ability to discriminate approximate numerosities, remain controversial. A proposal that the VNS represents a process of numerosity extraction, leading to an abstract number representation in the brain,has been challenged by the view that the VNS is non-numerical in its essenceand amounts to a weighted integration of continuous magnitude features that typically change with numerosity.In the present study, using two-alternative forced-choiceparadigm, we aimed to distinguish between these proposals by probing brain areas implicated in the VSN with transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS). We generated predictions for the stimulation-related changes in behavioural performance which would be compatible with alternative mechanisms proposed for the VSN. First, we investigated whether the superior parietal(SP) area hosts a numerosity code or whether its function is to modulate weighting of continuous stimulus features. We predicted that stimulation may affect the VNS precision if the SP role is representational, and that it may affect decision threshold if its role is modulatory. Second, we investigated whether the intra-parietal(IP) area hosts a numerosity code independently of codes for continuous stimulus features,or whether their representations overlap. If the numerosity code is independent, we predicted that IP stimulation may improve the VNS but not continuous magnitude judgements. Our results were consistent with the hypotheses of a modulatory role of the SP and of the independence of the numerosity code in the IP, whereby suggesting that VNS is an emergent abstract property based on continuous magnitude statistics.
Heterogeneous Choice of Environmental Strategy for Heavily Polluting Firms Under Institutional Pressure in China

The impact of institutional pressure on the environmental strategy was analyzed and the heterogeneous choices available for corporate environmental strategy. A total of 597 publicly listed companies in heavily polluting industries were selected using multiple Logit models for empirical research. The results show that more companies choose environmental leadership strategies when the policy pressure is greatest; however, more companies choose pollution prevention strategies when the regulatory and public pressures are greatest; finally, organizations with more redundant resources and strong asset specificity are more inclined to choose environmental leadership strategies as institutional pressures increase. The findings provide a decision-making framework to promote environmental protection measures related to policy formulation, government supervision and public participation. Our study also provides empirical evidence to guide environmental strategic choices for heavily polluting enterprises.
The heritability of lateral banding in Dolomedes plantarius

Abstract Pale lateral bands that contrast with somatic colouration are common to many semi-aquatic spider species and may contribute to camouflage. Dolomedes plantarius is dimorphic for the presence or absence of a broad, pale, lateral band on the abdomen and cephalothorax. Here, we investigate the heritability of this banding pattern by assessing the proportion of banded progeny in broods of spiderlings for which the phenotype of one or both parents was known. Our results indicate a single-gene system of inheritance with the banded allele dominant to the unbanded. This finding offers a simple way to investigate various aspects of the biology of this rare spider, which is classified as vulnerable to extinction. We consider the implications for further understanding the mating system of D. plantarius and for studying the function and maintenance of banding in wild populations.
Vertical proﬁles of aerosol optical properties over central Illinois and comparison with surface and satellite measurements

Between June 2006 and September 2009, an instrumented light aircraft measured over 400 vertical proﬁles of aerosol and trace gas properties over eastern and central Illinois. The primary objectives of this program were to (1) measure the in situ aerosol properties and determine their vertical and temporal variability and (2) relate these aircraft measurements to concurrent surface and satellite measurements. The primary proﬁle location was within 15 km of the NOAA/ESRL surface aerosol monitoring station near Bondville, Illinois. Identical instruments at the surface and on the aircraft ensured that the data from both platforms would be directly comparable and permitted a determination of how representative surface aerosol properties were of the lower column. Aircraft proﬁles were also conducted occasionally at two other nearby locations to increase the frequency of A-Train satellite underﬂights for the purpose of comparing in situ and satellite-retrieved aerosol data. Measurements of aerosol properties conducted at low relative humidity over the Bondville site compare well with the analogous surface aerosol data and do not indicate any
The restricted consistency property of leave-$n_v$-out cross-validation for high-dimensional variable selection

Cross-validation (CV) methods are popular for selecting the tuning parameter in the high-dimensional variable selection problem. We show the mis-alignment of the CV is one possible reason of its over-selection behavior. To fix this issue, we propose a version of leave-$n_v$-out cross-validation (CV($n_v$)), for selecting the optimal model among the restricted candidate model set for high-dimensional generalized linear models. By using the same candidate model sequence and a proper order of construction sample size $n_c$ in each CV split, CV($n_v$) avoids the potential hurdles in developing theoretical properties. CV($n_v$) is shown to enjoy the restricted model selection consistency property under mild conditions. Extensive simulations and real data analysis support the theoretical results and demonstrate the performances of CV($n_v$) in terms of both model selection and prediction.