Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The central energy source of 70 μm-selected galaxies: starburst or AGN?

We present the first active galactic nuclei (AGN) census in a sample of 61 galaxies selected at 70 mu m, a wavelength which should strongly favour the detection of star-forming systems. For the purpose of this study, we take advantage of deep Chandra X-ray and Spitzer infrared (3.6-160 mu m) data, as well as optical spectroscopy and photometry from the Deep Extragalactic Evolutionary Probe 2 (DEEP 2) survey for the Extended Groth Strip (EGS) field, as part of the All-Wavelength Extended Groth Strip International Survey. We investigate spectral line diagnostics ([O iii]/H beta and [Ne iii]/[O ii] ratios, H delta Balmer absorption line equivalent widths and the strength of the 4000 A break), X-ray luminosities and spectral energy distributions (SEDs). We find that the 70-mu m sources are undergoing starburst (SB) episodes and are therefore characterized by a predominance of young stars. In addition, 13 per cent of the sources show AGN signatures and hence potentially host an AGN. When the sample is split into SBs (1010 < L-IR < 1011 L-circle dot), luminous infrared Galaxies (LIRGs; 1011 < L-IR < 1012 L-circle dot) and ultraluminous infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs; 1012 < L-IR < 1013 L-circle dot), the AGN fraction becomes 0, 11 and 23 per cent, respectively, showing an increase with total infrared luminosity. However, by examining the sources' panchromatic SEDs, we conclude that although the AGN is energetically important in 1 out of 61 objects all 70-mu m-selected galaxies are primarily powered by star formation. When compared to a sample of DEEP 2 galaxies in the same redshift range and with similar optical colours, we find that the 70-mu m population is characterized by younger stellar ages and a higher AGN incidence, indicating that strongly star-forming populations might be a key in studying the relationship between black hole and stellar growth.
Superfluid hyperon bulk viscosity and the r-mode instability of rotating neutron stars

In order to establish whether the unstable r modes in a rotating neutron star provide a detectable source of gravitational waves, we need to understand the details of the many dissipative processes that tend to counteract the instability. It has been established that the bulk viscosity due to exotic particles, like hyperons, may be particularly important in this respect. However, the effects of hyperon superfluidity have so far not been fully accounted for. While the associated suppression of the reaction rates that give rise to the bulk viscosity has been estimated, superfluid aspects of the fluid dynamics have not been considered. In this paper we determine the r-mode instability window for a neutron star with a ? hyperon core, using the appropriate multifluid formalism including, for the first time, the effect of the ‘superfluid’ bulk viscosity coefficients. We demonstrate that, even though the extra terms may increase the bulk viscosity damping somewhat, their presence does not affect the qualitative features of the r-mode instability window.
‘She didn't know how to go back’: School attendance problems in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic—A multiple stakeholder qualitative study with parents and professionals

Abstract Background The COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in school closures worldwide and unexcused absences have increased since schools reopened. Aims Drawing on multiple stakeholders' perspectives, we aimed to (i) develop a detailed understanding of how school attendance problems (SAPs) have manifested for primary school‐aged children in the context of COVID‐19; and (ii) identify promising community‐based intervention strategies. Methods We used a qualitative design with two sequential phases of data collection. Phase 1 involved insight generation using qualitative surveys with parents and professionals working in primary education settings. These results were used to guide in‐depth stakeholder interviews in Phase 2. Sample Phase 1 included 29 parents of primary‐school children experiencing SAPs and 19 professionals. Phase 2 included 10 parents and 12 professionals. Parents were recruited through social media; professionals were identified through schools and associated networks in Southern England. Results Attendance was particularly challenging for children with special educational needs and pre‐existing anxiety problems. Compounding factors included COVID‐related anxiety, difficulties adapting to new school routines, poor home‐school communication and collaboration, and concerns about academic catch‐up. Effective support was characterized by schools and families working closely together. Recommendations for practice improvements centred on early intervention, re‐building parent‐school relationships, peer support for parents, and improving special educational provision. Conclusion New interventions for SAPs must be sensitive to the ongoing COVID‐19 context. Help should be easily accessible in the community and address modifiable risk and protective factors for individual children, in family systems, and at the home‐school interface.
Effects of medication adherence on disease activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT The disease activity of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients is often measured, which can could be related to medication adherence. Yet, there is no systematic inventory of studies comparing adherents and non-adherent patients in terms of disease activity. The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to reveal the effect of medication adherence on disease activity in patients with COPD. For the present meta-analysis, studies comparing medication adherence in adherents and non-adherent patients were screened and included. Results were expressed as mean difference (MD) and 95% CI. A total of eleven identified studies matched the inclusion criteria, reporting on a total of 6,346 COPD patients in the analysis. The number of exacerbations in COPD patients over a year was significantly lower in non-adherent patients than in adherent subjects (MD = 0.69, 95% CI [0.36,1.01], P < 0.0001). Similarly, a significant difference was observed between medication-adherent and non-adherent groups in FEV1 (MD = −166.47, 95% CI [−255.03, −77.92], P= 0.0002). Interestingly, the results of the meta-analysis showed no significant difference between medication-adherent and non-adherent patients in SGRQ (MD = −0.85, 95% CI [−4.98, 3.27], P= 0.68), CAT (MD = −0.83, 95% CI [−1.78, 0.13], P= 0.09), and FEV1% (MD = −3.33, 95% CI [−6.83, 0.17], P= 0.06). The studies performed suggested that clinical medical staff should pay attention to the medication behavior of COPD patients and effectively improve the medication adherence of patients.
SOX9 and SOX10 control fluid homeostasis in the inner ear for hearing through independent and cooperative mechanisms

Significance Impairment of the endolymphatic system is a common cause of deafness. Our study of a mouse model of campomelic dysplasia, a syndrome characterized in part by deafness of unknown etiology, reveals the roles of SOX9 and its relative SOX10 in maintaining a functioning endolymphatic system. Early in its development, these SOXE factors are critical for regulating the differentiation of progenitors and the expression of ion transporters and channels essential for ionic homeostasis. Later, they control the expression of Aqp3, a water/glycerol channel. The data provide a rich resource for the discovery of deafness genes. Since SoxE genes have many roles in development and in stem cells, the principles we have found could be applicable to tissue-specific effects in syndromes.
Addressing human factors is crucial to preventing unrecognised oesophageal intubation

with a videolaryngoscope and passage of the tracheal tube beyond the vocal cords confirmed visually by the intubator and airway assistant, there is no clear chest rise or misting. Ventilation with high airway pressures results in minimal tidal volumes, and the capnography trace remains flat for the ensuing seven insufflations at escalating airway pressures. After approximately 20 s, a small triangle capnography trace appears, followed by a ‘top hat’, which remains sustained over seven breaths. Oesophageal intubation is excluded. An overly cautious anaesthetist might be inclined to extubate and reintubate the trachea if a rigid interpretation of the new guidelines is adopted too early. However, applying Bayesian clinical reasoning to the situation, it is far more likely that bronchospasm is the culprit, andwe need to hold our nerve for a few seconds. Crucially, focusing on oesophageal intubation as the sole cause of a temporarily absent capnogrammight lead to premature diagnostic closure and distract from important interventions to overcome bronchospasm. Despite this, the new guidelines by the PUMA collaborative present an important step forward in ensuring a safer standard of care. This is perhaps just a caveat to consider while also highlighting the relative paucity of attention paid to temporal dynamics in our guidelines, which can hopefully be addressed in future iterations. J. Hansel University ofManchester, Manchester, UK Email: jan.hansel@nhs.net
Matricellular protein Tenascin‐C enhances mesenchymal stem cell angiogenic and wound healing efficacy under ischemic conditions

Human mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) hold great promise in aiding wound healing through their ability to modulate all phases of repair and regeneration, most notably their secretion of pro‐regenerative paracrine factors. However, MSC clinical utility is hindered by poor survival rates post‐transplantation due to the harsh microenvironment in injured tissue. Previous work has shown that the matricellular protein Tenascin‐C (TNC) provides survival signaling to MSCs via the epidermal growth factor receptor by restricting its activation at the plasma membrane, resulting in enhanced prosurvival signals. Herein, we investigate how TNC influences MSC survival and MSC‐mediated promotion of the wound healing process. This study examined the survival and angiogenic potential of MSCs cultured on TNC‐coated surfaces under ischemic duress in vitro. We also assessed the angiogenic and wound healing outcomes of MSC + TNC in vivo using a CXCR3−/− mouse model that exhibits a delayed healing phenotype within the tissue replacement phase of repair. We found that MSCs in the presence of TNC exhibit higher levels of angiogenic‐promoting processes, collagen maturation, and an overall better wound healing outcome than MSCs administered alone. This was seen in vitro in terms of enhanced tube formation. In vivo, the MSCs in the presence of TNC stabilized with a coacervate delivery system resulted in more regenerative wounds with accelerated maturation of the dermis. These findings suggest the coupling of TNC to MSCs as a promising tool for future MSC‐ECM combinatorial therapies for wound healing applications.
WEIGHING THE NON-TRANSITING HOT JUPITER τ Boo b

We report the detection of the orbital velocity of non-transiting hot Jupiter τ Boo b. By employing high-resolution ground-based spectroscopy around 2.3 μm during one half-night, we are able to detect carbon monoxide absorption lines produced in the planet atmosphere, which shift significantly in wavelength during the course of the observations due to the orbital motion of the planet. This detection of the planetary signal results in the determination of the orbital inclination as being i = 47+7 − 6 deg and, furthermore, allows us to solve for the exact planetary mass, mp = 5.6 ± 0.7 MJup. This clearly confirms the planetary nature of the non-transiting companion to τ Boo.
Affective touch and regulation of stress responses

ABSTRACT Much has been documented on the association between stress and health. Both direct and indirect pathways have been identified and explored extensively, helping us understand trajectories from healthy individuals to reductions in well-being, and development of preclinical and disease states. Some of these pathways are well established within the field; physiology, affect regulation, and social relationships. The purpose of this review is to push beyond what is known separately about these pathways and provide a means to integrate them using one common mechanism. We propose that social touch, specifically affective touch, may be the missing active ingredient fundamental to our understanding of how close relationships contribute to stress and health. We provide empirical evidence detailing how affective touch is fundamental to the development of our stress systems, critical to the development of attachment bonds and subsequent social relationships across the life course. We will also explore how we can use this in applied contexts and incorporate it into existing interventions.
Fate of Microplastic Fibers in the Coelomic Fluid of the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Sea cucumbers are economical and ecologically important species, playing a crucial role in nutrient recycling in the ocean and providing valuable bioactive compounds for nutrition. Previous research has demonstrated that microplastic fibers, which are widely recognized as emerging contaminants, are transferred to the perivisceral coelomic fluid during respiration in sea cucumbers; however, their fate in sea cucumbers is still not well understood. We tracked the status of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) with polyester microplastic fibers in their coelomic fluid in clean water. The results showed that after transferring sea cucumbers to clean water, the number of microplastic fibers transferred significantly decreased in the coelomic fluid, but at least one microplastic fiber was found up to 60 days. In addition, sea cucumbers recovered from the effect of microplastic fiber transfer, as indicated by enzyme levels and histological observations. Furthermore, single microplastic fiber transfer over a 60‐day farmed period did not significantly affect the growth of sea cucumbers. However, repetitive microplastic fiber transfer (i.e., twice and thrice a week over 60 days) significantly decreased the growth rate (p < 0.05). Accordingly, increasing microplastic fibers in sea cucumber habitats pose a threat to sea cucumbers because they can disrupt development. Thus, farmers are advised to select locations for farming sea cucumbers where low microplastic fiber concentrations are expected. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:205–212. © 2022 SETAC
Older Adults and Social Isolation and Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrated Review of Patterns, Effects, and Interventions

Abstract A scoping review was conducted to identify patterns, effects, and interventions to address social isolation and loneliness among community-dwelling older adult populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also integrated (1) data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) and (2) a scan of Canadian grey literature on pandemic interventions. CLSA data showed estimated relative increases in loneliness ranging between 33 and 67 per cent depending on age/gender group. International studies also reported increases in levels of loneliness, as well as strong associations between loneliness and depression during the pandemic. Literature has primarily emphasized the use of technology-based interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness. Application of socio-ecological and resilience frameworks suggests that researchers should focus on exploring the wider array of potential pandemic age-friendly interventions (e.g., outdoor activities, intergenerational programs, and other outreach approaches) and strength-based approaches (e.g., building community and system-level capacity) that may be useful for reducing social isolation and loneliness.
Benefits, Facilitators, and Barriers of Alternative Models of Cardiac Rehabilitation

We conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies examining patient perspectives of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) models that use either an alternative location (ie, home-based) and/or an alternative exercise. Benefits, facilitators, and barriers were reported by patients. These insights can help improve the delivery of CR and provide new directions for research. Purpose: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves health outcomes and quality of life for patients with cardiovascular disease, yet only a quarter of eligible patients enroll. A myriad of CR models that use either an alternative location (ie, home-based) and/or an alternative exercise have been developed to overcome known attendance and physical limitation barriers; however, patient experiences with these models have not been systematically reviewed. Our aim is to review patient experiences with these models of CR. Review Methods: We conducted a systematic review and thematic analysis of qualitative studies published between 2009 and January of 2022 from CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. Summary: Twenty-five studies were included, representing the perspectives of 487 individuals who participated in an alternative model of CR. Exercises included walking, tai chi, yoga, aquatic exercise, exergaming, chair-based exercises, aerobics, physical activity trackers, and individualized exercise plans. Nineteen of 25 studies used home-based models and two used live video. Twelve studies included patients with heart failure. Patient perspectives comprised three central themes: exercise benefits, exercise facilitators, and participation barriers. Some thematic categories were reported variably by particular model/study design (eg, home-based) than by others. All alternative models of CR were found to be physically, psychologically, and/or socially beneficial to patients. Participants described facilitators and barriers that were influential in the decision to initiate or continue exercise. These patient insights are critical for innovative delivery of CR that is appealing, accommodates physical limitations, and broadens access to improve health equity.
Clinical prognostic value of the SMYD2/3 as new epigenetic biomarkers in solid cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Background SET and MYND domain-containing protein (SMYD) family with methyltransferase activity is involved in cancer progression. This novel meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association of SMYD family with the clinical and survival outcomes in solid cancer patients. Methods We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science to select relevant articles. Hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals were extracted. Heterogeneity was evaluated by chi-square-based Q and I2 tests, while publication bias by funnel plots and Egger’s test. Results Thirty-two articles (4,826 patients) met inclusion criteria. SMYD2/3 overexpression was statistically associated with poor overall survival (HR = 1.794, P < 0.001), disease/relapse/progression-free survival (HR = 2.114, P < 0.001), disease/cancer-specific survival (HR = 3.220, P = 0.003), larger tumor size (OR = 1.963, P < 0.001), advanced TNM stage (OR = 2.066, P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.054, P < 0.001), and distant metastasis (OR = 1.978, P = 0.004). Subgroup analysis showed more significant association between SMYD2 overexpression and reduced survival outcomes than that in SMYD3. Conversely, the relationship between SMYD3 and various clinicopathologic factors was stronger compared to SMYD2. Conclusion Enhanced SMYD2/3 expression may be an unfavorable clinical prognostic factor in different solid cancer types.
The L-group of a covering group

We incorporate nonlinear covers of quasisplit reductive groups into the Langlands program, defining an L-group associated to such a cover. This L-group is an extension of the absolute Galois group of a local or global field $F$ by a complex reductive group. The L-group depends on an extension of a quasisplit reductive $F$-group by $\mathbf{K}_2$, a positive integer $n$ (the degree of the cover), an injective character $\epsilon \colon \mu_n \rightarrow {\mathbb C}^\times$, and a separable closure of $F$. Our L-group is consistent with previous work on covering groups, and its construction is contravariantly functorial for certain well-aligned homomorphisms. An appendix surveys torsors and gerbes on the \'etale site, as they are used in a crucial step in the construction.
Postmortem 7T MRI for guided histopathology and evaluation of cerebrovascular disease

Abstract Postmortem (PM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can serve as a bridge between in vivo imaging and histology by connecting MRI observed macrostructural findings to histological staining and microstructural changes. Data were acquired from 20 formalin-fixed brains including T2, T1, PD, and T2*-weighted images of left hemispheres and 6-mm-thick coronal slices. Tissue slices were bisected, aligned to MR images and used to guide histological sampling. Markers of myelin and oligodendroglia alterations were semiquantitatively rated and compared within white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and normal-appearing white matter. Tissue priors were created from 3T in vivo data and used to guide segmentation of WMH. PM WMH and hemisphere volumes were compared to volumes derived from in vivo data. PM T2 WMH and T1 hemisphere volumes were correlated with in vivo 3T FLAIR WMH and T1 hemisphere volumes. WMH showed significant myelin loss, decreased GFAP expression and increased vimentin expression. MR-visible perivascular spaces and cortical microvascular lesions were successfully captured on histopathological sections. PM MRI can quantify cerebrovascular disease burden and guide tissue sampling, allowing for more comprehensive characterization of cerebrovascular disease that may be used to study etiologies of age-related cognitive change.
Thermodynamically consistent modeling and simulation of multi-component two-phase flow model with partial miscibility

A general diffuse interface model with a realistic equation of state (e.g. Peng-Robinson equation of state) is proposed to describe the multi-component two-phase fluid flow based on the principles of the NVT-based framework which is a latest alternative over the NPT-based framework to model the realistic fluids. The proposed model uses the Helmholtz free energy rather than Gibbs free energy in the NPT-based framework. Different from the classical routines, we combine the first law of thermodynamics and related thermodynamical relations to derive the entropy balance equation, and then we derive a transport equation of the Helmholtz free energy density. Furthermore, by using the second law of thermodynamics, we derive a set of unified equations for both interfaces and bulk phases that can describe the partial miscibility of two fluids. A relation between the pressure gradient and chemical potential gradients is established, and this relation leads to a new formulation of the momentum balance equation, which demonstrates that chemical potential gradients become the primary driving force of fluid motion. Moreover, we prove that the proposed model satisfies the total (free) energy dissipation with time. For numerical simulation of the proposed model, the key difficulties result from the strong nonlinearity of Helmholtz free energy density and tight coupling relations between molar densities and velocity. To resolve these problems, we propose a novel convex-concave splitting of Helmholtz free energy density and deal well with the coupling relations between molar densities and velocity through very careful physical observations with a mathematical rigor. We prove that the proposed numerical scheme can preserve the discrete (free) energy dissipation. Numerical tests are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.