Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aesthetic Surgical Approach for Bone Dehiscence Treatment by Means of Single Implant and Interdental Tissue Regeneration: A Case Report with Five Years of Follow-Up

The replacement of single anterior teeth by means of endosseous implants implies the achievement of success in restoring both aesthetic and function. However, the presence of wide endoperiodontal lesions can lead to horizontal hard and soft tissues defects after tooth extraction, making it impossible to correctly place an implant in the compromised alveolar socket. Vertical augmentation procedures have been proposed to solve these clinical situations, but the amount of new regenerated bone is still not predictable. Furthermore, bone augmentation can be complicated by the presence of adjacent teeth, especially if they bring with them periodontal defects. Therefore, it is used to restore periodontal health of adjacent teeth before making any augmentation procedures and to wait a certain healing period before placing an implant in vertically augmented sites, otherwise risking to obtain a nonsatisfactory aesthetic result. All of these procedures, however, lead to an expansion of treatment time which should affect patient compliance. For this reason, this case report suggests a surgical technique to perform vertical bone augmentation at a single gap left by a central upper incisor while placing an implant and simultaneously to regenerate the periodontal attachment of an adjacent lateral incisor, without compromising the aesthetic result.
Experimental d13C evidence for a contribution of methane to pelagic food webs in lakes

We tested the hypothesis that low stable carbon isotope (δ13C) values commonly observed for zooplankton in humic lakes are due to their feeding on isotopically light methane‐oxidizing microbes, and thus that methane‐derived carbon is important in the food webs of these lakes. In replicate laboratory cultures, Daphnia longispina, a common crustacean zooplankter in humic lakes, were fed microbial suspensions with or without enrichment by biogenic methane. The δ13C values of Daphnia indicated consumption of 13C‐depleted methanotrophic bacteria, while growth rates, survival, and reproduction of Daphnia in cultures enriched with methane were equal to or greater than those in nonenriched cultures. Results from lake enclosures during the autumn overturn period revealed a decrease in δ13C of adult Daphnia from ‐40.5% to ‐50.3%, reflecting extensive consumption of 13C‐depleted methanotrophic bacteria. Methane‐derived carbon is a more important contribution to carbon flux through lake pelagic food webs than has previously been suspected.
A bioassay for the activity of PSC 833 in human serum for modulation of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance

We established a rapid and sensitive ex vivo bioassay to detect the multidrug resistance (MDR)-inhibitory activity of SDZ PSC 833 ([3′-keto-Bmt1]-[Val2]-cyclosporin (PSC 833)) in two RPMI 8226 human myeloma sublines (parent 8226 and doxorubicin-resistant subline Dox6) in 75% human serum. In vitro sensitivity of the tumor to doxorubicin was determined by 3-h drug exposure growth inhibition assay (MTT assay). PSC 833 in serum restored the IC50 of doxorubicin in the P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-positive resistant subline to the same level as in the sensitive cells at 1 μg/ml, which has been shown to be an achievable concentration in clinical trials. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin was enhanced by PSC 833 in the sera of the patient in whom the blood level was 705.7 ng/ml. However, 10 μg/ml PSC 833 in serum does not cause a complete recovery in the IC90 of doxorubicin in the resistant sublines. This MDR-inhibitory activity was supported by the finding that PSC 833 in serum does not increase accumulation of rhodamine 123 in doxorubicin-resistant cells in an in vitro functional assay. The present study provides evidence that PSC 833 in human serum is effective to modulate P-gp-mediated MDR but insufficient for the reversal of MDR from the clinicopharmacological point of view.
CMM Implementation and Organizational Learning: Findings from a Case Study Analysis

Methods and practices adopted by software professionals to develop and maintain software are believed to have significant impact on the project outcomes in terms of development cost and product quality. Disciplined methods and practices are expected to result in better control over the software development process. Even though there is a great awareness that software quality is largely dependent on the way the development process is carried on, there is lack of empirical evidence supporting the effect of software development processes on life-cycle productivity or quality and particularly of the impact of CMM certification on productivity improvement. This paper, using qualitative and quantitative data relative to the software process improvement initiative in which the Italian branch of a multinational software company was engaged from Jan. 1997 to May 2001, investigates the impact of CMM certification on organizational learning. In particular, a knowledge management perspective is adopted to explain the software development process increase in productivity. Data suggest the idea that CMM can effectively support and address knowledge management and learning within a software organization. Organizations using a well-structured process model such as the CMM can use the process infrastructure it provides for organizational learning. As an organization moves up the CMM levels, predictability is increased, risk is better managed and reduced and organizational learning is enhanced
Pronuclear epigenetic modification of protamine deficient human sperm following injection into mouse oocytes

ABSTRACT Epigenetic abnormalities and abnormal chromatin structure in sperm may lead to male infertility. Protamine deficiency is among the disorders of chromatin structure in sperm. The study of epigenetic changes in male pronuclei is necessary since abnormal sperm is sometimes used to create embryos using assisted reproductive techniques. The present study was carried out to compare epigenetic global marks in male pronuclei derived from normal and protamine deficient sperm cells. To do so, interspecies fertilization was used to obtain the male pronucleus. Normal and protamine deficient sperm cells, which were identified by chromomycin A3 staining, were injected into mouse oocytes. Oocytes were cultured until pronuclear formation and were then labeled with different antibodies (anti 5-methylcytosine, anti 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, and anti acetyl H4K12). Based on the fluorescence intensity, the level of each of these epigenetic factors was determined and they revealed a significant relationship between the level of sperm protamine deficiency and sperm epigenetic factors. Protamine deficiency was found to be associated with an increased methylation (p=0) and decreased hydroxymethylation rate (p=0.015) of the male pronucleus chromatin. However, no association was found between protamine deficiency and the level of H4K12 acetylation (p=0.548). Also, the efficiency of fertilization in protamine deficient sperm cells was less than normal. These results suggest that protamine deficient sperm cells lead to the formation of epigenetically altered pronuclei.
ML estimation of carrier frequency offset for multicarrier signals in Rayleigh fading channels

In this paper, we present a new maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of carrier frequency offset for multicarrier signals in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel. The proposed MLE is able to achieve wider estimation range of frequency offset with higher accuracy than previous blind approaches by exploiting the intrinsic structure of multicarrier signals. Simulations show that the estimation accuracy is close to the Cramer-Rao bound. In order to reduce the complexity of the proposed MLE, a suboptimum technique is presented that enables simple implementation. The bit error rate performance of the suboptimum technique with two or three symbols averaged is close to the theoretical bound. An important feature of both the MLE and the suboptimum method is the capability to correct the frequency offset in a feedforward approach that makes it possible to perform fast acquisition and tracking of the frequency offset.
Emergence and Diversification of Fly Pigmentation Through Evolution of a Gene Regulatory Module

Seeing Spots Some flies in the Drosophila melanogaster lineage exhibit wing spots, which vary among species. Examining the underlying genetics of spot determination, Arnoult et al. (p. 1423) provide evidence for a two-step scenario for the origin and diversification of patterning novelty in these fly wings. The findings suggest that the two-step model may generally apply to the emergence and diversification of traits in plants and animals. Pigmentation spots on the wings of flies originate from changes at different levels of the underlying genetic hierarchy. The typical pattern of morphological evolution associated with the radiation of a group of related species is the emergence of a novel trait and its subsequent diversification. Yet the genetic mechanisms associated with these two evolutionary steps are poorly characterized. Here, we show that a spot of dark pigment on fly wings emerged from the assembly of a novel gene regulatory module in which a set of pigmentation genes evolved to respond to a common transcriptional regulator determining their spatial distribution. The primitive wing spot pattern subsequently diversified through changes in the expression pattern of this regulator. These results suggest that the genetic changes underlying the emergence and diversification of wing pigmentation patterns are partitioned within genetic networks.
Cry9Ca1 Toxin, a Bacillus thuringiensis Insecticidal Crystal Protein with High Activity against the Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana)

The Cry9Ca1 toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis was significantly more toxic to spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) than the Cry1Ab6, Cry1Ba1, Cry1Ca2, Cry1Da1, Cry1Ea1, and Cry1Fa2 toxins. It displayed high activity against silkworm (Bombyx mori) but was not toxic to black army cutworm (Actebia fennica) or gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar). The Cry9Ca1 is the most effective spruce budworm toxin known to date and may offer promise for control and resistance management of that species.
Hippocampal cell proliferation regulation by repeated stress and antidepressants

A recent hypothesis suggests reduced hippocampal neurogenesis in depression. Here, we examined cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone of rats given repeated stress, a paradigm that prolongs learned helplessness behavior, and whether antidepressants modulate the learned helplessness-associated altered cell proliferation. Decreased cell proliferation, number of clusters, and cells/cluster were noted in the dentate gyrus, but not in the subventricular zone, of learned helplessness rats. Both fluoxetine and desipramine reversed the learned helplessness behavior and increased the cell proliferation and the number of clusters in learned helplessness rats; only fluoxetine did so significantly. Both fluoxetine and desipramine significantly increased the number of cells/cluster. Our results suggest modified hippocampal neurogenesis in prolonged depression and in the mechanism of antidepressant action.
Input-output decoupling for m-inputs m-outputs linear mechanical systems through interconnection

This paper deals with the input-output decoupling problem with asymptotic stability for a class of m-inputs m-outputs linear mechanical systems, through parallel connection with another mechanical system, called the controller. The paper gives a procedure for the design of a controller, which solves the above problem under some mild sufficient conditions, thus extending [1] where only 2-inputs 2-outputs linear mechanical systems were considered.
Magnetic flux analysis on magnetorheological actuators can detect external force variation

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids consist of a suspension of ferromagnetic micron-sized particles dispersed in a carrier fluid. A magnetic field induces the magnetization of the particles which then form chain-like structures aligned in the direction of the field. The structures interact with the magnetic poles, as a consequence, the relative displacement of the poles due to the action of an external force, inclines the particle chains and alters the magnetic environment. This phenomenon can be perceived as a magnetic reluctance variation on the fluid gap. The paper focuses on a MR-based brake equipped with a magnetic flux variation measurement system, which is able to detect when the chain-like structures begin to rupture. Based on the same principle, the system is also capable of detecting a change in the direction of an external force.
Retinal toxicity of indocyanine green in albino rabbits.

PURPOSE Intravitreal indocyanine green (ICG) is commonly used in vitreoretinal surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate possible toxicity of ICG in the retina of albino rabbits. METHODS Twenty-two albino rabbits were injected intravitreally with 0.1 mL ICG solution in one eye, and three rabbits were studied for the effects of 0.1 mL distilled water. All rabbits were injected intravitreally with 0.1 mL saline into the fellow eye, which served as the control. The electroretinogram (ERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) were recorded from each rabbit at different time intervals after injection. The rabbits were killed at the termination of the follow-up periods and their retinas prepared for histologic examination at the light microscopic level. RESULTS Three hours after injection, the ERG responses were reduced in amplitude in all ICG-injected eyes, and the VEPs were of abnormal pattern (reduced amplitude and delayed). Partial dose-dependent recovery was observed during 4 weeks of follow-up. Light microscopy of the retinas of the experimental eyes exhibited considerable damage to all retinal layers in all eyes studied that received the highest ICG dose. CONCLUSIONS ICG is potentially toxic to all retinal layers of the albino rabbit. Although it is difficult to extrapolate these findings directly to human eyes, caution should be exercised when using ICG intravitreally.
Anaesthetic induction time for tracheal intubation using sevoflurane or halothane in children

The current study was designed to determine the anaesthetic induction time required for tracheal intubation (TimeEI) with equipotent inspired concentrations of 5% sevoflurane and 2.5% halothane in oxygen. TimeEI that prevents 50% and 95% of patients from coughing and gross purposeful muscular movements after intubation was defined as TimeEI50 and TimeEI95, respectively. Thirty‐six patients aged 1–7 years were enrolled in the study. Anaesthesia was induced via mask and when TimeEI attained a predetermined value, intubation was performed using an uncuffed tube. Each TimeEI at which tracheal intubation was attempted was predetermined according to the up‐and‐down method. When intubation was accomplished without gross purposeful muscular movements, it was considered a smooth intubation. Determination with this method revealed that TimeEI50 and TimeEI95 for the sevoflurane/halothane groups were 147/214 s and 194/255 s, respectively. In conclusion, it is possible to determine TimeEI using an inspired sevoflurane concentration of 5% and halothane 2.5% in oxygen. The technique with 5% sevoflurane seems more practical for paediatric anaesthesia induction in busy clinical situations.
Profiling multiple cytokine levels in a mixing-enhanced microfluidic immunoassay

We report a microfluidic immunoassay consisting of multiple precise and efficient mixing units for transient multi-cytokine detections secreted by lymphocytes. This device has an array of detection micro-chambers with each included a Taylor dispersion-based mixing unit. The sub-pico-liter bio-samples are extracted from cell culture media and mixed with cytokine-sensitive fluorescence micro-beads, which offer fluorescent signals to quantify the bound cytokines on beads, are embedded in the chambers for quantitative detection of the target cytokines. We perform experiments to verify the mixing scheme on its robustness and sensitivity. We first calibrate labeling fluorescence intensity profiles of 6 independent cytokine-sensitive beads, each conjugated with a specific antibody, using a confocal microscope for measuring the intensity. We demonstrate the high detection sensitivity for cytokine concentrations released by a human leukemic cell line (THP-1). We propose a highly integrated microfluidic immunoassay consisting the 4 × 4 independently operated detection micro-chambers that achieve high-throughput detection functionality. Altogether, further development of this device can lead to the profiling of multiple cytokine dynamics of lymphocytes for deeper understandings of the human immune system as well as the immune diseases.
Development and Validation of the College Drinking Influences Survey

Objective: The authors developed and validated measures of college drinking expectations, psychosocial influences, and values. Participants: Freshmen at college entry (N = 320) and the end of freshman year (N = 420) participated. Methods: The College Drinking Influences Survey, administered in paper and Web-based versions, consists of 3 distinct scales: (1) the College Drinking Expectations Scale assesses expectations for drinking norms and consequences; (2) the Psychosocial Drinking Inventory evaluates social influences, stress, and sensation seeking; and (3) the Drinking Values Scale assesses drinking decisions based on personal choice, social responsibility, and institutional obligation. Results: Factor analysis, interitem reliability, and correlations with existing instruments demonstrated validity and reliability. Differences between the sexes were in predicted directions, and multiple regression using subscale scores as predictors accounted for significant variance in drinking behaviors across the freshman year. Conclusions: Data support the usefulness of the scales for identifying student alcohol risk and protective factors.
The influence of thermoregulatory mechanisms on post‐exercise hypotension in humans.

1. To examine the influence of the rate of heat loss on the magnitude of post‐exercise hypotension, subjects were exposed to three different environmental conditions during recovery from bicycle exercise. 2. When subjects recovered in warm conditions both core temperature (measured in the external auditory meatus) and mean skin temperature were significantly elevated 60 min after the cessation of exercise. This attenuation of heat loss was associated with a significant reduction in post‐exercise mean arterial pressure. 3. In contrast, when subjects recovered in neutral or cool conditions both core temperature and mean arterial pressure had returned to baseline levels 60 min after exercise. 4. These results indicate that persistence of peripheral vasodilatation during recovery from exercise, and therefore the magnitude of post‐exercise hypotension, is dependent upon thermoregulatory‐induced changes in skin blood flow.
Prevention and Management of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Lacunar infarcts/lacunes, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are considered various manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Since the exact mechanisms of these manifestations differ, their associated risk factors differ. High blood pressure is the most consistent risk factor for all of these manifestations. However, a "J curve" phenomenon in terms of blood pressure probably exists for WMH. The association between cholesterol levels and lacunar infarcts/lacunes or WMH was less consistent and sometimes conflicting; a low cholesterol level probably increases the risk of CMBs. Homocysteinemia appears to be associated with WMH. It is noteworthy that the risk factors profile may also differ between different lacunar patterns and CMBs located at different parts of the brain. Thrombolysis, antihypertensives, and statins are used to treat patients with symptomatic lacunar infarction, just as in those with other stroke subtypes. However, it should be remembered that bleeding risks increase in patients with extensive WMH and CMBs after thrombolysis therapy. According to the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes trial results, a blood pressure reduction to <130 mmHg is recommended in patients with symptomatic lacunar infarction. However, an excessive blood pressure decrease may induce cognitive decline in older patients with extensive WMH. Dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin plus clopidogrel) should be avoided because of the excessive risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. Although no particular antiplatelet is recommended, drugs such as cilostazol or triflusal may have advantages for patients with SVD since they are associated with less frequent bleeding complications than aspirin.
“Consent” Issue in Sex Trafficking and Evidence from Turkey

In the light of feminist critiques, this paper examines how the United Nation’s anti-trafficking protocol is materialized in Turkey with a focus on the issue of “consent” in determining victims of sex trafficking. Contrary to the Protocol, non-payment and forcible transportation become important criteria and create barriers in identifying a “victim” of sex trafficking. It is argued that Turkey’s interpretation of the UN Protocol is rather narrow and this is mostly a result of Turkey’s existing migration and prostitution regimes. Based on qualitative fieldwork, this paper intends to advance the knowledge in the field of sex trafficking using Turkey as a case study.
Counseling psychology doctoral students' help seeking behavior : factors affecting willingness to seek help for psychological problems

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that may affect counseling psychology doctoral students' tendencies to seek professional psychological help for their personal problems. The study had the following specific goals: (a) to identify psychology students' reasons for seeking professional help, (b) to identify psychology students' reasons for hesitating to seek professional help, (c) to determine the incidence of personal distress among psychology students, (d) to determine the incidence of professional psychological help seeking, and (e) to begin to examine the impact that training environments have on the development of psychologists' attitudes toward seeking personal psychotherapy.The population of this study was doctoral students in APA-approved programs in Counseling Psychology during their internship phase of training. The sample consisted of 178 pre-doctoral interns. Students were mailed a survey developed by the researcher. The survey instrument consisted of questions about psychological problems experienced and the extent to which students had sought or would seek help for these problems. The survey also addressed students' perceptions about whether or not personal help seeking was advocated in their training programs and extent to which the topic of personal psychotherapy was included in their graduate curriculum.Data were analyzed using a combination of qualitative and quantitative procedures. Grounded theory analysis techniques, frequency distributions and multiple regression analyses were utilized.The study reveals that the decision to seek help is a complex one. While most students had sought or would be willing to seek help in the future, many would hesitate to do so. Conclusions drawn are that psychologists (in training) may prefer to turn to professional help as a last resort, and that there are barriers that prevent trainees from obtaining psychological services including finances, availability of therapists, and concerns about confidentiality. Trainees who have had positive experiences with therapy or who value it for personal or professional growth are more likely to seek help. Trainees who perceive that help seeking is normative among their peers are also more likely to seek help. The topic of "psychologists' seeking help for themselves" is not consistently addressed as a part of counseling psychologists' formal training.