Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Schule und Bildung im Prozess der Globalisierung

Der Autor erortert die Auswirkungen der Globalisierung auf Schulen, Lern- und Lehrarrangements sowie die kunftige Rolle der Bildung innerhalb der vernetzten, entgrenzten Lebensraume. Dabei geht er der Frage nach, welche Rolle die Schule als traditionell ortsgebundene Einrichtung hinsichtlich der Vorbereitung auf einen globalem Arbeitsmarkt mit seinen Unsicherheiten einnehmen kann. Zunachst beschreibt er allgemeine Tendenzen der Individualisierung und Flexiblisierung von Arbeitsbedingungen, um Konsequenzen fur die Kindheit abzuleiten (Zeit der Eltern als knappes Gut, Kommerzialisierung). In einem zweiten Schritt verdeutlicht er, welche Auswirkungen die neuen Medien Internet und Computer fur das Lernen haben (Ungebundenheit hinsichtlich Ort, Zeit, damit verknupft die Unverlasslichkeit von Quellen). In einem letzten Schritt charakterisiert er die Konsequenzen der Globalisierung fur die Bildung und die Schule (internationale Standards in den drei grosen Wirtschaftsraumen, Notwendigkeit der Vermittlung von Wissen zur Strukturierung und Bewertung von Informationen).
Effect of Normalized Scale on Design of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna by using FFBP

Nonlinear neural optimization networks are used for the designing of MSA. The paper presents NN model for computing resonant frequency of RMSA with normalized scale. NN model with normalised scale computes very fast. The normalized data has been applied to NN to get more efficient NN model. This model is compared with the NN model without normalized scale which gives very accurate result.
An overview of a nonparametric estimation method for Levy processes

A nonparametric method for the estimation of the Levy density of a process X is developed. Estimators that can be written in terms of the “jumps” of X are introduced, and so are discrete-data based approximations. A model selection approach made up of two steps is investigated. The first step consists in the selection of a good estimator from a linear model of proposed Levy densities, while the second is a data-driven selection of a linear model among a given collection of linear models. By providing lower bounds for the minimax risk of estimation over Besov Levy densities, our estimators are shown to achieve the “best” rate of convergence. A simulation study for the case of histogram estimators applied to the variance Gamma process, a classical model in mathematical finance, is presented.
The Distributed Construction of a Global Coordinate System in a Network of Static Computational Nodes from InterNode Distances ∗

∗This work is sponsored in part by DARPA through the ‘Network Embedded Systems Technology’ program under contract #F30602-01-C-0123, monitored by the Air Force Research Laboratory. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or the U.S. Government.
Wing shape, wing size, and sexual dimorphism in eye-span in stalk-eyed flies (Diopsidae)

The eyes of stalk-eyed flies (Diopsidae) are positioned at the end of rigid peduncles (‘stalks’) protruding laterally from the head. Eye-stalk length varies within the family and, in some species, varies between males and females. Larger eye-stalks in males result from sexual selection for longer stalks, a trait that increases male reproductive success. In the present study, we examined whether an increase in eye-stalk length results in an adjustment of wing size and shape to deal with the burden of bearing an exaggerated ‘ornament’. We compared wing morphology among ten species of stalk-eyed flies that differ in eye-span and the degree of sexual dimorphism. Mass-specific wing length differed between males and females in seven out of the ten species. Nondimensional wing shape parameters differed between the species (P < 0.001), but mostly did not differ between males and females of the same species. Dimorphism in eye-span closely correlated with dimorphism in wing length (r = 0.89, P < 0.001) and the correlation remained significant (r = 0.81, P = 0.006) after correcting for phylogenetic relationships. Once corrected for phylogenetic relatedness, the mass-specific wing length of males (but not females) was weakly correlated with mass-specific eye-span (r = 0.66, P = 0.042). We propose that the observed proportional increase in wing length associated with increased eye-span can facilitate aerial manoeuverability, which would otherwise be handicapped by the elevated moment of inertia imposed by the wider head. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 98, 860‐871. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: aspect-ratio ‐ insect-flight ‐ moment-of-area ‐ moment-of-inertia ‐ sexual selection ‐ wing-loading.
Perceptual and motor factors mediate the bowed spatial position effect in ageing

27 young, 40 middle-aged, and 25 older participants (mean ages 30, 49, and 68 years, respectively) performed a 4-choice reaction time task requiring discrete button-press responses to visual stimuli. Two levels of stimulus discriminability were factorially combined with two levels of response discriminability. Results indicated that advancing age was associated with increasingly longer reaction times to inner than to outer stimulus–response positions, and that stimulus and response discriminability factors independently modulated this effect to the same degree, with the more difficult discriminations showing earlier age-related impairments. Hence, the results implicate both perceptual and motor processes as loci for the bowed spatial position effect in ageing. The implications of these findings for theories of ageing and motor control are discussed.
Pathogenesis of RON receptor tyrosine kinase in cancer cells: activation mechanism, functional crosstalk, and signaling addiction

The RON receptor tyrosine kinase, a member of the MET proto-oncogene family, is a pathogenic factor implicated in tumor malignancy. Specifically, aberrations in RON signaling result in increased cancer cell growth, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Biochemical events such as ligand binding, receptor overexpression, generation of structure-defected variants, and point mutations in the kinase domain contribute to RON signaling activation. Recently, functional crosstalk between RON and signaling proteins such as MET and EFGR has emerged as an additional mechanism for RON activation, which is critical for tumorigenic development. The RON signaling crosstalk acts either as a regulatory feedback loop that strengthens or enhances tumorigenic phenotype of cancer cells or serves as a signaling compensatory pathway providing a growth/survival advantage for cancer cells to escape targeted therapy. Moreover, viral oncoproteins derived from Friend leukemia or Epstein-Barr viruses interact with RON to drive viral oncogenesis. In cancer cells, RON signaling is integrated into cellular signaling network essential for cancer cell growth and survival. These activities provide the molecular basis of targeting RON for cancer treatment. In this review, we will discuss recent data that uncover the mechanisms of RON activation in cancer cells, review evidence of RON signaling crosstalk relevant to cancer malignancy, and emphasize the significance of the RON signaling addiction by cancer cells for tumor therapy. Understanding aberrant RON signaling will not only provide insight into the mechanisms of tumor pathogenesis, but also lead to the development of novel strategies for molecularly targeted cancer treatment.
Brain network connectivity–behavioral relationships exhibit trait‐like properties: Evidence from hippocampal connectivity and memory

Despite a growing number of studies showing relationships between behavior and resting‐state functional MRI measures of large‐scale brain network connectivity, no study to our knowledge has sought to investigate whether intrinsic connectivity–behavioral relationships are stable over time. In this study, we investigated the stability of such brain–behavior relationships at two timepoints, approximately 1 week apart. We focused on the relationship between the strength of hippocampal connectivity to posterior cingulate cortex and episodic memory performance. Our results showed that this relationship is stable across samples of a different age and reliable over two points in time. These findings provide the first evidence that the relationship between large‐scale intrinsic network connectivity and episodic memory performance is a stable characteristic that varies between individuals. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DRAFT For Review Only Public Health Goal for COPPER in Drinking Water

This Public Health Goal (PHG) technical support document provides information on health effects from contaminants in drinking water. PHGs are developed for chemical contaminants based on the best available toxicological data in the scientific literature. These documents and the analyses contained in them provide estimates of the levels of contaminants in drinking water that would pose no significant health risk to individuals consuming the water on a daily basis over a lifetime. to perform risk assessments and adopt PHGs for contaminants in drinking water based exclusively on public health considerations. The Act requires that PHGs be set in accordance with the following criteria: 1. PHGs for acutely toxic substances shall be set at levels at which no known or anticipated adverse effects on health will occur, with an adequate margin of safety. 2. PHGs for carcinogens or other substances that may cause chronic disease shall be based solely on health effects and shall be set at levels that OEHHA has determined do not pose any significant risk to health. 3. To the extent the information is available, OEHHA shall consider possible synergistic effects resulting from exposure to two or more contaminants. 4. OEHHA shall consider potential adverse effects on members of subgroups that comprise a meaningful proportion of the population, including but not limited to infants, children, pregnant women, the elderly, and individuals with a history of serious illness. 5. OEHHA shall consider the contaminant exposure and body burden levels that alter physiological function or structure in a manner that may significantly increase the risk of illness. 6. OEHHA shall consider additive effects of exposure to contaminants in media other than drinking water, including food and air, and the resulting body burden. 7. In risk assessments that involve infants and children, OEHHA shall specifically assess exposure patterns, special susceptibility, multiple contaminants with toxic mechanisms in common, and the interactions of such contaminants. DRAFT 8. In cases of insufficient data for OEHHA to determine a level that creates no significant risk, OEHHA shall set the PHG at a level that is protective of public health with an adequate margin of safety. 9. In cases where scientific evidence demonstrates that a safe dose response threshold for a contaminant exists, then the PHG should be set at that threshold. 10. The PHG may be set at zero if necessary to satisfy the requirements listed above in items seven and eight. 11. PHGs adopted …
Witnesses' failure to detect covert manipulations in their written statements

Law enforcement agencies and legal professionals often have to rely on witness statements. Undetected errors in witnesses' statements, however, could impede the accurate reconstruction of a crime and lead to the incrimination of innocent suspects. Here, we examined whether witnesses can detect manipulations in their written statements. We expect that writing a statement could provide a good means for discrimination between what is truly recalled and what is an error. This is because writing allows to monitor and control the previously produced information. In 3 experiments, participants watched a mock crime film and subsequently provided a written statement of what they had witnessed. Following a delay of several minutes (Experiment 1), 48 hr (Experiment 2), or 1 month (Experiment 3), participants were exposed to and interviewed about their testimony. Unknown to them, they were confronted with statements, which included 4 secretly manipulated details. Participants' missed a substantial number of manipulations in their written statements. Importantly, the detection rates varied as a function of delay (Experiments 1 and 2: 74–89%; Experiment 3: 36%–52%). Detection rates also varied as a function of the type of details that were manipulated. Our findings indicate that writing a statement comes with limited benefits in witnesses' ability to detect errors in their statements.
The first ISO ERO: A dusty quasar at z = 1.5

We report the discovery of an extremely red object (ERO) in a medium-deep ISOCAM extragalactic survey. The object is also a radio source. Subsequent VLT NIR spectroscopy revealed a prominent Halpha line giving a redshift of 1.5. We present the spectrum and photometric data points and discuss evidence that ISO J1324-2016 is a quasar harbouring a significant amount of very hot dust.
Cache-Oblivious Databases : Limitations and Opportunities 1

Cache-oblivious techniques, proposed in the theory community, have optimal asymptotic bounds on the amount of data transferred between any two adjacent levels of an arbitrary memory hierarchy. Moreover, this optimal performance is achieved without any hardware platform specific tuning. These properties are highly attractive to autonomous databases, especially because the hardware architectures are becoming increasingly complex and diverse. In this paper, we present our design, implementation, and evaluation of the first cache-oblivious in-memory query processor, EaseDB. Moreover, we discuss the inherent limitations of the cacheoblivious approach as well as the opportunities given by the upcoming hardware architectures. Specifically, a cache-oblivious technique usually requires sophisticated algorithm design to achieve a comparable performance to its cache-conscious counterpart. Nevertheless, this developmenttime effort is compensated by the automaticity of performance achievement and the reduced ownership cost. Furthermore, this automaticity enables cache-oblivious techniques to outperform their cache-conscious counterparts in multi-threading processors.
Differential Influence of Social Support in Emerging Adulthood Across Sources of Support and Profiles of Interpersonal and Non-Interpersonal Potentially Traumatic Experiences

ABSTRACT Social support is protective against the negative effects of trauma, yet how these effects vary across sources of support and patterns of trauma exposure has not been examined. High co-occurrence exists among different types of trauma across domains and ages, yielding patterns of trauma exposure that may affect social support. This study identified profiles of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) experienced by 252 college students and examined the relationships between social support and mental health across these profiles. Five profiles emerged: “Non-Interpersonal Trauma Exposure,” “Adult Intimate Partner Violence,” “Poly-trauma Exposure,” “Low Trauma Exposure,” and “Childhood Family Violence. ” The link between social support and adjustment differed across profiles. Family support was valuable for promoting resilience across patterns of PTEs. Friend and romantic partner support were related to lower mental health problems. Support from family and friends is particularly valuable in the context of adult intimate partner violence and childhood family violence.
Parallelization of a Vector-Optimized 3-D Flow Solver for Multi-core Node Clusters

In this paper, we describe the development of a parallel version of the IR3D (Incompressible Realistic 3-D) code, which simulates the environmental effects on the evolution of vortices trailing behind control surfaces of underwater vehicles. The objective of the project was to parallelize and optimize the existing implementation for clusters of multi-core nodes. The primary motivation was to reduce turnaround time and add the capability to handle large problem sizes. Furthermore we were aiming for portability and scalability. The code solves the 3D Boussinesq equations for incompressible fluids. Fast-Fourier transforms (FFTs) are used for the calculation of horizontal derivatives and a higher-order compact finite difference scheme is used for vertical derivatives. To ensure incompressibility, the code employs a projection method for which we developed a new Poisson Solver. This solver works by computing 2D FFTs in horizontal-planes, numerically solving the resulting ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for Fourier coefficients, and then doing Fourier inversion. Parallelization is based on the Message Passing Interface (MPI) programming paradigm. We present performance and scalability results of PIR3D (Parallel IR3D) on a variety of hardware platforms and discuss methods for further optimization by exploiting additional by exploiting additional levels of parallelism.
AEDA: Arabic edit distance algorithm Towards a new approach for Arabic name matching

String matching algorithms play a vital & crucial role in many applications such as search engines, object identification, hand written recognition, name searching in large databases, data cleansing, and automatic spell checking. Many algorithms have been developed to measure string similarity but most of them designed mainly to handle Latin-based languages. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for Arabic string matching which takes into consideration the unique features of the Arabic language and the different similarity levels of the Arabic letters such as phonetic similarity and character form similarity in addition to keyboard distance.
Hyperdiverse Gene Cluster in Snail Host Conveys Resistance to Human Schistosome Parasites

Schistosomiasis, a neglected global pandemic, may be curtailed by blocking transmission of the parasite via its intermediate hosts, aquatic snails. Elucidating the genetic basis of snail-schistosome interaction is a key to this strategy. Here we map a natural parasite-resistance polymorphism from a Caribbean population of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata. In independent experimental evolution lines, RAD genotyping shows that the same genomic region responds to selection for resistance to the parasite Schistosoma mansoni. A dominant allele in this region conveys an 8-fold decrease in the odds of infection. Fine-mapping and RNA-Seq characterization reveal a <1Mb region, the Guadeloupe Resistance Complex (GRC), with 15 coding genes. Seven genes are single-pass transmembrane proteins with putative immunological roles, most of which show strikingly high nonsynonymous divergence (5-10%) among alleles. High linkage disequilibrium among three intermediate-frequency (>25%) haplotypes across the GRC, a significantly non-neutral pattern, suggests that balancing selection maintains diversity at the GRC. Thus, the GRC resembles immune gene complexes seen in other taxa and is likely involved in parasite recognition. The GRC is a potential target for controlling transmission of schistosomiasis, including via genetic manipulation of snails.
Glycaemic index, carbohydrate substitution for fat and risk of CHD in men

We have examined the associations between dietary glycaemic index (GI), substitutions of total, low-, medium- and high-GI carbohydrates for fat and the risk of CHD. The study consisted of 21 955 male smokers, aged 50–69 years, within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. The diet was assessed at baseline using a validated FFQ. During a 19-year follow-up, 4379 CHD cases (2377 non-fatal myocardial infarctions and 2002 CHD deaths) were identified from national registers. Relative risks (RR) and CI for CHD were analysed using Cox proportional hazards modelling, and multivariate nutrient density models were applied to examine the associations between the substitutions of macronutrients and the risk of CHD. Dietary GI was inversely associated with CHD risk: multivariate RR in the highest v. lowest quintile was 0·89 (95 % CI 0·81, 0·99). Replacement of higher-GI carbohydrates with lower-GI carbohydrates did not associate with the risk. Replacing saturated and trans-fatty acids with carbohydrates was associated with decreased CHD risk: RR for substitution of 2 % of energy intake was 0·97 (95 % CI 0·94, 0·99). On the contrary, replacing MUFA with carbohydrates was associated with an increased risk: RR for substitution of 2 % of energy intake was 1·08 (95 % CI 1·01, 1·16). We conclude that in the present study population, contrary to the hypothesis, a lower GI does not associate with a decreased risk of CHD. The associations of carbohydrates with CHD risk depend on the fatty acid composition of the diet.
A Smartphone User Activity Prediction Framework Utilizing Partial Repetitive and Landmark Behaviors

In this paper, we propose a general smartphone user activity prediction framework utilizing the general concept of partial repetitive behavior (instead of the stronger periodicity condition) for similarity scoring and the landmark behaviors (representative behaviors to identify groups of similar behavior vectors). Prediction of the next-day(s) behavior is based on a weighted sum of the most similar behavior vectors related to the landmark behavior of the next-day(s) behavior. These behavior vectors are selected based on the likely partial repetition of the next-day behavior and similarity in the eigen behavior feature space. Our proposed prediction algorithm allows one to categorically quantify the frequency of a target behavior, such as no behavior, normal behavior, and high frequency behavior, or other more refined categorization based on user preference. Extensive experiments are carried out using the Nokia Mobile Data Challenge (MDC) dataset to demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed approach and its generality using arbitrary call activity, voice call activity, short message activity, media consumption, and apps usage data types.
Cross-Validation of Deformable Registration With Field Maps in Functional Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging

The localization of brain functional activity with respect to brain anatomy requires registration between a functional image and a reference high-resolution anatomical image. The fast functional magnetic resonance brain images acquired via echo planar imaging (EPI) in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) suffer from local geometric distortions. After performing standard rigid or affine registration, local nonlinear distortions of up to 10 mm still appear in prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex, as well as in temporal and cerebellar regions. To reduce such distortions, an enhanced version of a previously developed deformable registration technique is introduced in this paper. The enhanced deformable registration technique involves a multistage mutual information-based free-form deformable framework guided by a field map template. This template is utilized as prior knowledge for performing an initial warp as well as a guiding mechanism to constrain the initial stage of the deformable registration. The enhanced technique is cross-validated with the high-resolution field map distortion correction technique using real datasets. The results from consistency tests using a normalized mutual information similarity measure as well as the statistics of quantitative cross-validation show the degree of enhancement achieved and the impact of the developed deformable registration in applications requiring accurate local registration.