Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mothers and others. African-American women's preparation for motherhood.

PURPOSE To describe motherhood, maternal role requirements, and family life as perceived by poor, urban, African-American women. DESIGN Ethnographic qualitative research. METHOD Using ethnographic methodology, 15 new mothers between the ages of 14 and 44, along with their families and significant others, were observed and interviewed in their homes and communities, using semi-structured and open-ended questions. The initial interview occurred within 24 hours of birth of a normal healthy infant. The interviews were analyzed for emergence of themes. Descriptions of select actions, interactions, and activities exemplified themes. RESULTS Motherhood was found to be a significant demarcation in the women's lives, and they described both positive and negative maternal experiences. The mothers followed organized, culturally grounded steps in their pursuit of the maternal role; these steps were learned in the family of origin. The four steps discovered were preparing, checking, becoming, and evaluating. Role failure involved undesirable consequences for the mother. The results of this study reveal that these women are mothers by design, not by default. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS These mothers expended a great deal of energy to maintain their families; they valued successful maternal role fulfillment. If health care providers could become better sensitized to mothers' cultural values and social stresses, it could be possible to better help identify mothering needs. Health care providers could use culturally sensitive information to help support positive healthy mothering techniques for young mothers from diverse cultural groups.
A computational approach based on a multiaxial fatigue criterion combining phase transformation and shakedown response for the fatigue life assessment of Nitinol stents

Self-expanding stents made of Nitinol, a Nickel–Titanium shape memory alloy, are used in standard medical implants for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Despite the increasing success, clinical studies have reported stent failure after the deployment in the human body, thus undermining patient’s safety and life. This study aims to fill the gap of reliable assessment of the fatigue life of Nitinol stents. We propose a global computational design method for preclinical validation of Nitinol stents, which can be extended to patient-specific computations. The proposed methodology is composed of a mechanical finite element analysis and a fatigue analysis. The latter analysis is based on a novel multiaxial fatigue criterion of the Dang Van type, combining the shakedown response of the stent and the complexity of phase transformation taking place within the material. The method is implemented in the case of a carotid artery stent. The implant configuration as well as the applied cyclic loading are shown to affect material phase evolution as well as stent lifetime. The comparison with the results obtained by applying a strain-based constant-life diagram approach allows to critically discuss both fatigue criteria and to provide useful recommendations about their applicability.
Mucoadhesive hydrogel microparticles based on poly (methacrylic acid-vinyl pyrrolidone)-chitosan for oral drug delivery

The study was aimed at the evaluation of N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) incorporated polymethacrylic acid-chitosan microparticles for oral drug delivery applications. Poly (methacrylic acid)-chitosan (PMC) and poly(methacrylic acid-vinyl pyrrolidone)-chitosan (PMVC) microparticles were prepared by an ionic-gelation method. Mucoadhesion behaviour of these particles was evaluated by ex-vivo adhesion method using freshly excised rat intestinal tissue. Cytotoxicity and absorption enhancing property of PMC and PMVC particles were evaluated on Caco 2 cell monolayers. Protease enzyme inhibition capability and insulin loading/release properties of these hydrogel particles was evaluated under in vitro experimental conditions. Addition of NVP units enhanced the mucoadhesion behavior of PMC particles on isolated rat intestinal tissue. Both PMC and PMVC particles were found non-toxic on Caco 2 cell monolayers and PMC particles was more effective in improving paracellular transport of fluorescent dextran across Caco 2 cell monolayers as compared to PMVC particles. However, protease inhibition efficacy of PMC particles was not significantly affected with NVP addition. NVP incorporation improved the insulin release properties of PMC microparticles at acidic pH. Hydrophilic modification seems to be an interesting approach in improving mucoadhesion capability of PMC microparticles.
NEW STEREO MATCHING AND 3D VIEW GENERATION ALGORITHMS USING AERIAL STEREO IMAGES

In this paper, we propose an adaptive stereo matching algorithm to encompassing stereo matching problems in projective distortion region. Since the projective distortion region can not be estimated in terms of fixed-size block matching algorithm, we tried to use adaptive window warping method in hierarchical matching process to compensate the perspective distortions. In addition, probability theory was adopted to encompass uncertainty of disparity of points over the window in this study. The proposed stereo matching algorithm has tested on both disparity map and 3D model view. In this paper, new stereo matching algorithm and reliable 3D view generation technique are presented. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using aerial stereo images. The simulation result shows that considerable improvements are obtained especially in projective distortion region, and 3D modeling result demonstrates the enhanced performance of stereo matching algorithm.
Develop and implementation of PC based controller for humanoid robot using digital potentiometer

This paper introduced to develop and implementation of PC based controller for humanoid robot using digital potentiometer. The main objective in this paper is to develop and implement the joystick controller by using a digital potentiometer circuit board that be able to control the humanoid robot movement. The Arduino board and digital potentiometer will be integrated by connecting both pins in between wiper, W pin and ground, GND to the DB9 pins of remote control platform, which is TX and RX pins respectively. Humanoid robot as known as TOMY i-SOBOT is used as a preferred model due to wide usage in many applications. A digital potentiometer will be transmitted the voltage and current value depend on the digital level through serial communication to give the instruction for humanoid robot movement. The humanoid movement based on Guided User Interface (GUI) where the user give a commands by pressing the button on the GUI such as turn left, right, forward, and reverse. The results show that the humanoid movement able to control based on the voltage and current in a digital potentiometers value.
EXIT Chart Based Joint Code-Rate and Spreading-Factor Optimisation of Single-Carrier Interleave Division Multiple Access

In this paper, we consider the joint code-rate and spreading-factor optimisation of turbo-style iterative joint detection and decoding assisted single-carrier interleave division multiple access (SC-IDMA) systems using different-rate convolutional codes and extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) charts, when communicating over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. More explicitly, we study the extrinsic information exchange between two serial concatenated components and maximise the number of users supported by the SC-IDMA system under the constraint of a fixed bandwidth expansion factor, while maintaining a predefined bit error ratio (BER) versus Eb/N0 performance. We found that an optimum code-rate and spreading-factor combination can be found for the SC-IDMA system at low Eb/N0 values, where maintaining a low BER inevitably requires the employment of channel coding. By contrast, at high Eb/N0 the system performs best, when no channel coding is used, i.e. DS-spreading is the only means of bandwidth expansion.
Synchronized Mode-Locked Semiconductor Lasers and Applications in Coherent Communications

The general features and characteristics of two different external-cavity mode-locked semiconductor lasers (MSLs) were studied. Coherent optical frequency combs and short pulses from the MSLs were used to develop a synchronized MSL system. Exploiting the synchronized MSLs as a phase-locked transmitter and a local oscillator, various heterodyne and homodyne coherent detection techniques were experimentally demonstrated. The experimental results have shown that the phase-coherent optical frequency combs and short pulses from the synchronized MSLs are very promising optical sources for many future coherent photonic systems, especially for spectrally phase-encoded optical code-division multiple access (SPE-OCDMA).
Commitments and conventions: The foundation of coordination in multi-agent systems

Abstract Distributed Artificial Intelligence systems, in which multiple agents interact to improve their individual performance and to enhance the systems' overall utility, are becoming an increasingly pervasive means of conceptualising a diverse range of applications. As the discipline matures, researchers are beginning to strive for the underlying theories and principles which guide the central processes of coordination and cooperation. Here agent communities are modelled using a distributed goal search formalism, and it is argued that commitments (pledges to undertake a specific course of action) and conventions (means of monitoring commitments in changing circumstances) are the foundation of coordination in multi-agent systems. An analysis of existing coordination models which use concepts akin to commitments and conventions is undertaken before a new unifying framework is presented. Finally, a number of prominent coordination techniques which do not explicitly involve commitments or conventions are reformulated in these terms to demonstrate their compliance with the central hypothesis of this paper.
When Load Testing Large User Population Web Applications The Devil Is In the (Virtual) User Details

Many times load testing is dismissed as a waste of time and money because past results didn't conform to real world experience when the application went live. Sometimes it’s because the test suite is too narrow but often it is due to the approach used to produce traffic and the way results are interpreted. This discussion focuses on the latter situation because a lack of testing scope is an obvious limitation but poor quality traffic and improper analysis techniques are subtle shortcomings that impact test credibility in ways that aren’t always clear until the live application reveals them.
Adherence of heart failure patients to exercise: barriers and possible solutions

The practical management of heart failure remains a challenge. Not only are heart failure patients expected to adhere to a complicated pharmacological regimen, they are also asked to follow salt and fluid restriction, and to cope with various procedures and devices. Furthermore, physical training, whose benefits have been demonstrated, is highly recommended by the recent guidelines issued by the European Society of Cardiology, but it is still severely underutilized in this particular patient population. This position paper addresses the problem of non‐adherence, currently recognized as a main obstacle to a wide implementation of physical training. Since the management of chronic heart failure and, even more, of training programmes is a multidisciplinary effort, the current manuscript intends to reach cardiologists, nurses, physiotherapists, as well as psychologists working in the field.
Slow‐reacting immunoglobulin in relation to social support and changes in job strain: a preliminary note.

&NA; Fifty working subjects in the ages 25 to 60 were asked to rate the amount of job strain (demands divided by decision latitude) that they experienced on four occasions at intervals of three to four months. Blood samples were taken for the analysis of immunoglobulin G before work started on these work days. After the end of the studied year each subject was asked to rate the total amount of social support that he/she had experienced. Both availability and adequacy of support were rated. The reported degree of job strain was unrelated to season and number of order of observation. Immunoglobulin G was observed to rise progressively with rising job strain. The reported adequacy of social support was negatively associated with immunoglobulin G—the more adequate the support was reported to be, the lower the immunoglobulin G level. This association was stronger at peak levels of job strain and became weak and nonsignificant at low levels of job strain. Thus, when job strain increased immunoglobulin G increased mainly among those with poor adequacy of social support.
Variations in the prevalence across countries of chronic bronchitis and smoking habits in young adults.

The present work aims to assess the international variation in the prevalence of chronic bronchitis and its main risk factor, smoking habits, in young adults of 35 centres from 16 countries. Respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function were assessed in 17,966 subjects (20-44 yrs), randomly selected from the general population, in the frame of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. The median prevalence of chronic bronchitis was 2.6%, with wide variations across countries (p<0.001; 0.7-9.7%). The prevalence of current smokers ranged 20.1-56.9%, (p<0.001) with a median value of 40%. Current smoking was the major risk factor for chronic bronchitis, especially in males. Its effect increased according to number of pack-yrs: in males, the odds ratio of chronic bronchitis was 3.51 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.31-5.32) in 1-14 pack-yrs smokers and increased to 17.32 (9.97-30.11) in > or = 45 pack-yrs smokers with respect to nonsmokers. Only 30% of the geographical variability in prevalence could be explained by differences in smoking habits, suggesting that other environmental and/or genetic factors may play an important role. In conclusion, chronic bronchitis is a substantial health problem even in young adults. The impressive prevalence in current smokers in most countries highlights the need to improve the quality of prevention.
Plants Images Classification Based on Textural Features using Combined Classifier

paper introduces an approach of plant classification which is based on the characterization of texture properties. We used the combined classifier learning vector quantization. We randomly took out 30 blocks of each texture as a training set and another 30 blocks as a testing set. We found that the combined classifier method gave a high performance which is a superior than other tested methods. The experimental results indicated that our algorithm is applicable and its average correct recognition rate was 98.7%.
Food for thought : do soil microbes need food too ? indeed , lest we don ’ t need ours

Increasing evidences indicate soil microorganisms are responsible for providing food to the world. However, less importance is given to satisfy food needs of millions and millions of soil microbes whose services support lives on Earth. Carbon, present as soil organic carbon, is the food for these microbes. In India, annually, hundreds of tonnes of carbon present in agro-wastes are squandered by burning them. Recycling agro-wastes is simplest strategy to return carbon to soils and provide food for the microbes. It will not be inappropriate to argue that a soil with good organic carbon content and microbial activities is fundamental to realize full benefit of all agricultural technologies aimed at improving food production. In this article, we reason out why and how ‘putting food on table of soil microbes will supply food on our table’.
Large eddy simulation of combustion instabilities in turbulent premixed burners

Large Eddy Simulation LES techniques are viewed today as the next step in Computational Fluid Dynamics studies to address classes of problems where classi cal Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes approaches RANS have proved to lack pre cision or where the intrinsically unsteady nature of the ow makes RANS clearly inadequate In the eld of combustion the understanding and the control of com bustion instabilities are domains where LES is required and will be applied in prac tical systems There are at least two reasons for this Reacting ows submitted to instabilities are dominated by very large eddies sweeping the combustion chamber Such ows are obviously fully unsteady and make RANS approaches di cult to use Structures controlling combustion in these ows are large and LES should be easier in such cases than for turbulent combustion in general where an extended range of eddies has to be resolved to characterize the turbulence chemistry inter action Multiple techniques have been proposed in the past to perform LES of turbulent premixed combustion Menon and Kerstein Menon et al Smith and Menon Piana et al Veynante and Poinsot a Few of them have been used in a realistic con guration see for example Kailasanath et al In most cases fundamental studies in simple con gurations such as freely propagating ames or stagnation point ames have been performed In such situations assumptions are generally made in the fundamental studies e g ignition and quenching mechanisms are ignored but must be reconsidered in more realistic con gurations Flame stabilization and ame wall interactions for example should be considered in detail and may in uence the choice of the LES formulation We will brie y recall the basis of LES techniques for combustion and investigate in more detail the performance of one speci c method the Thickened Flame ap proach proposed by Butler O Rourke Our objective is to test this method in a con guration where combustion instabilities occur the ame stabilized behind a backward facing step This con guration was chosen since results from many ex perimental studies are available Keller et al Poinsot et al and since the con guration contains many features in common with real combustion chambers Our attention will be also focused on ame stabilization and ame wall interaction
Anti-jamming Performance Analysis for Random Noise UWB Imaging Radar

In this paper, firstly several available jamming models are introduced, and then the evaluation measure of anti-jamming performance for ultra-wideband imaging radar (UWBIR) is followed, finally through the computer simulation, the anti-jamming performance for random noise UWBIR is analyzed and compared with the conventional linear frequency modulation (LFM) UWBIR. The results prove that the anti-jamming performance of the random noise UWBIR shows approximately a 2~10 dB improvement over the linear frequency modulation UWBIR
SNARE Protein Mimicry by an Intracellular Bacterium

Many intracellular pathogens rely on host cell membrane compartments for their survival. The strategies they have developed to subvert intracellular trafficking are often unknown, and SNARE proteins, which are essential for membrane fusion, are possible targets. The obligate intracellular bacteria Chlamydia replicate within an intracellular vacuole, termed an inclusion. A large family of bacterial proteins is inserted in the inclusion membrane, and the role of these inclusion proteins is mostly unknown. Here we identify SNARE-like motifs in the inclusion protein IncA, which are conserved among most Chlamydia species. We show that IncA can bind directly to several host SNARE proteins. A subset of SNAREs is specifically recruited to the immediate vicinity of the inclusion membrane, and their accumulation is reduced around inclusions that lack IncA, demonstrating that IncA plays a predominant role in SNARE recruitment. However, interaction with the SNARE machinery is probably not restricted to IncA as at least another inclusion protein shows similarities with SNARE motifs and can interact with SNAREs. We modelled IncA's association with host SNAREs. The analysis of intermolecular contacts showed that the IncA SNARE-like motif can make specific interactions with host SNARE motifs similar to those found in a bona fide SNARE complex. Moreover, point mutations in the central layer of IncA SNARE-like motifs resulted in the loss of binding to host SNAREs. Altogether, our data demonstrate for the first time mimicry of the SNARE motif by a bacterium.
Antioxidant Production Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Indonesian Traditional Fermented Buffalo Milk ( Dadih )

One of antioxidant sources is foods that contain peptides from enzymatic hydrolysis and/or fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The availability of antioxidants in fermented food, particularly milk, is associated with the presence of LAB. Dadih is traditionally made by keeping the fresh raw buffalo milk in a bamboo tube capped with banana leaf and allowing it to ferment spontaneously at room temperature for two days. This research aimed to obtain bacteria from dadih with the highest antioxidants. Isolate Lac 3 and Lac 13 displayed the highest antioxidant activity, with inhibition capacity of 64.2% and 63.79% respectively against DPPH radical. The result showed that 6 best isolates (Lac 3, Lac 13, DS 6, DS 10, DS 12, and DS 14) were not significantly different. Lac 3 was found to be identical with Lactococcus lactic subsp lactic, while Lac 13 was identical with Lactobacillus plantarum with the percentage of similarity of 98% and 96% respectively. Lactococcus lactic subsp lactic displayed the highest antioxidant activity at the early stationary phase and at the lowest pH value of culture.
Decision problems in ordered rewriting

A term rewrite system (TRS) terminates if its rules are contained in a reduction ordering >. In order to deal with any set of equations, including inherently non-terminating ones (like commutativity), TRS have been generalised to ordered TRS (E, >), where equations of E are applied in whatever direction agrees with >. The confluence of terminating TRS is well-known to be decidable, but for ordered TRS the decidability of confluence has been open. Here we show that the confluence of ordered TRS is decidable if ordering constraints for > can be solved in an adequate way, which holds in particular for the class of LPO orderings. For sets E of constrained equations, confluence is shown to be undecidable. Finally, ground reducibility is proved undecidable for ordered TRS.
Face Gestures Detection using Improved Viola-Jones Algorithm

Many studies indicate that words and sentences represent only 7% of our ways of communicating with our world, while the bulk goes to our movements and gestures that are translated into the minds of the recipients unconsciously of them. Face detection is an important topic in computer vision. ViolaJones is a powerful approach of identifying objects, especially facial recognition. Viola-Jones is subjected to a number of parameters that affect its performance. The measuring factor has the most impact on facial recognition and provides a balance between speed and accuracy in face detection. In this paper, the improved Algorithm of Viola Jones has been used by modifying the measurement factor using a genetic algorithm to determine face gestures. In this paper, the KNN classifier, MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient), and the Extract feature are used in evaluating the detection of face gestures. First, we take the picture as input and use signal processing techniques to convert it to time domain references. For detecting the front face gestures accurately and efficiently, MFCC will be used with LBP (Local Binary Pattern) and DOG (Difference of Gaussians) to extract the feature. Based on the result of feature extracting, the KNN classifier classifies the activity of our input signal. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is superior to other ways of recognition.