Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid MoM/FEM modelling Of shielding effectiveness Of loaded rectangular enclosures with apertures

This paper presents a hybrid formulation that combines MoM and edge-based vector FEM to the find the Shielding Effectiveness of an enclosure with an aperture. While the FEM is used to solve EM fields inside the enclosure, the MoM is used to solve the surface integrals related to the aperture field components, using equivalent surface currents. The hybrid method is applied to the enclosure with and without load. Results are compared with the analytical results and good agreement is reported.
General practitioners' attitudes to patients who have learning disabilities

Background. Previous research suggests that the inadequate primary health care received by people with learning disabilities may be the result of general practitioners' (GPs) negative attitudes. Few studies have investigated the evidence for this assumption. This study uses psychological theory to inform an investigation of the attitudes and emotions experienced by GPs when working with learning disabled patients, as assessed by reliable and valid measures. Method. A questionnaire comprising an attitude measure and emotion measure was developed and tested for reliability and validity. This was mailed out to a total of 613 GPs registered with three Health Authorities, 310 questionnaires (51%) were returned. Results. GP respondents held positive attitudes to working with patients who have learning disabilities. However, they were less positive about adapting their behaviour. Attitudes varied according to respondents' age and frequency of professional contact with this patient group. There was a strong association between attitudes and emotional experience. Attitudes were unaffected by learning disability training and non-professional contact. Conclusions. Negative perceptions about working with patients with learning disabilities do not fully explain the inadequate healthcare provided to this group. Other factors may include insufficient awareness of the benefits of adapting the format of a consultation, and the quality of the interface between the GP and the carer accompanying the patient.
Predictors of maternal sensitivity during the early postpartum period.

AIM This paper reports a study examining the relationship of maternal sensitivity to maternal identity, social support, maternal-fetal attachment and demographic variables. BACKGROUND Maternal sensitivity is a mother's ability to perceive and interpret accurately her infant's signals and communications, and then respond appropriately. It is one of the major influencing factors of mother-infant attachment, and needs to be promoted for effective mother-infant interaction. However, limited information is available on the factors that influence postpartum maternal sensitivity. The study was guided by Roy's adaptation model. METHODS A cross-sectional, descriptive design was used. A convenience sample of 196 Korean mothers within 6 weeks of delivery were recruited during July-November 2003 and completed a self-report questionnaire. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis. RESULTS We found that maternal-fetal attachment, self-identity as a mother, mother's employment status, identification with her baby, support from others, and infant's gestational age at birth were statistically significant predictors of maternal sensitivity postpartum. These variables explained 60% of the variance in maternal sensitivity. CONCLUSION Providing social support, enhancing maternal identity, and facilitating maternal-fetal attachment in the antepartum period are recommended to improve postpartum maternal sensitivity. Also, in future research, a path-type model or structural equation model including other variables, such as postnatal depression, needs to be developed and tested for optimal adaptation to becoming a mother.
Time-to-death patterns in markers of age and dependency

We aim to determine the extent to which variables commonly used to describe health, wellbeing, and disability in old-age vary primarily as a function of years lived (chronological age), years left (thanatological age), or as a function of both. We analyze data from the US Health and Retirement Study to estimate chronological age and time-to-death patterns in 78 such variables. We describe results from the birth cohort born 1915-1919 in the final 12 years of life. Our results show that most markers used to study well-being in old-age vary along both the age and time-to-death dimensions, but some markers are exclusively a function of either time to death or chronological age, and others display different patterns between the sexes.
Protective school climates and reduced risk for suicide ideation in sexual minority youths.

OBJECTIVES We examined whether sexual minority students living in states and cities with more protective school climates were at lower risk of suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts. METHODS Data on sexual orientation and past-year suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts were from the pooled 2005 and 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Surveys from 8 states and cities. We derived data on school climates that protected sexual minority students (e.g., percentage of schools with safe spaces and Gay-Straight Alliances) from the 2010 School Health Profile Survey, compiled by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS Lesbian, gay, and bisexual students living in states and cities with more protective school climates reported fewer past-year suicidal thoughts than those living in states and cities with less protective climates (lesbians and gays: odds ratio [OR] = 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.47, 0.99; bisexuals: OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.66, 0.99). Results were robust to adjustment for potential state-level confounders. Sexual orientation disparities in suicidal thoughts were nearly eliminated in states and cities with the most protective school climates. CONCLUSIONS School climates that protect sexual minority students may reduce their risk of suicidal thoughts.
Distribution of beta-endorphin immunoreactivity in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence of postpartum anestrus and luteal phase cows.

Deficiency in the secretion of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) from the median eminence (ME) is one of the factors limiting reinitiation of estrous cycles following parturition in cows. In previous studies, administration of naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, to postpartum cows increased LH secretion, suggesting that endogenous opioids inhibit the secretion of LHRH. This study employs quantitative light microscopy to describe morphological changes in the distribution of immunoreactive beta-endorphin (ir-beta-END) neurons in the hypothalamus of anestrous early postpartum (EPP, days 10-16, n = 5), midpostpartum (MPP, days 33-43, n = 4) and multiparous cycling cows (CYC, months 12-14, n = 4). Cryostat sections (60 microns) of perfusion-fixed ventral diencephalon and forebrain were immunostained with anti-beta-END serum via the biotin-avidin-peroxidase method or double stained sequentially with anti-LHRH serum, then anti-beta-END serum. In all cows, beta-END immunoreactive perikarya, mostly bipolar neurons, were located in the arcuate and periarcuate nucleus (ARC), with some perikarya in the ME. Within the ARC, the percentage area immunostained for ir-beta-END was greater (p < 0.01) for the CYC than EPP cows, with MPP intermediate but not significantly different from the other groups. Consistent for all cows, the percentage area of ir-beta-END in ventral ARC regions was greater (p < 0.05) than dorsal ARC regions. Fibers from these neurons coursed into the anterior hypothalamus, preoptic area and bed nucleus of stria terminalis. Ventrally projecting fibers entered the ME forming a densely staining band within the external layer. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Molecular biology of GABAA receptors

The major type of receptor for the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), called the GABAA receptor, is a member of a gene superfamily of ligand‐gated ion channels. This receptor is a heterooligomeric protein composed of several distinct polypeptide types (α, β, γ, and δ). Molecular cloning of these polypeptides reveals that they show 20‐40% identity with each other, and 10‐20% identity with polypeptides of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and strychnine‐sensitive glycine receptor. Each polypeptide type is also represented by a family of genes whose members have 60‐80% amino acid sequence identity. Regions of conserved and variable amino acid sequence suggest structural and functional domains within each polypeptide. All of the polypeptides when expressed in heterologous cells produce GABA‐activated chloride channels, and the different subtypes express different pharmacological properties. The distributions of mRNAs for the different GABAA receptor polypeptides and their subtypes show significant brain regional variation consistent with pharmacological and biochemical evidence for receptor heterogeneity. Subpopulations of GABAA receptors with different cellular and regional locations show differential sensitivity to GABA, to modulators like steroids, to physiological regulation, to disease processes, and to pharmacological manipulation by drugs such as benzodiazepines. The properties of the different subpopulations of GABAA receptors are determined by which one or more of the different polypeptides and their subtypes are expressed in a given cell to produce a variety of different oligomeric protein structures. Molecular cloning techniques have produced rapid advances in understanding the GABAA receptor protein family. — Olsen, R. W. ; Tobin, A. J. Molecular biology of GABAA receptors. FASEB J. 4: 1469‐1480; 1990.
Relationship between sperm motility assessed with the Hamilton-Thorn motility analyzer and fertilization rates in vitro.

To determine which sperm movement characteristics are related to in vitro fertilization rates, semen and swim-up preparations used for in vitro fertilization in 108 patients were assessed using the Hamilton-Thorn HTM-2030 Motility Analyzer (HTMA) and other sperm tests. There were highly significant correlations between manual and HTMA results for sperm concentration (Spearman r = 0.881; P less than 0.001) and the percentage of motile spermatozoa (Spearman r = 0.580; P less than 0.001). The percentage of motile spermatozoa with average path velocities greater than 10 microns/s and greater than 20 microns/s, straight line and curvilinear velocity, linearity (straight line velocity vs curvilinear velocity), amplitude of lateral head displacement, and beat-cross frequency were significantly higher in the insemination medium after selection of motile spermatozoa by the swim-up technique than in the semen. Linearity (P less than 0.01), the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa (P less than 0.05) and straight line velocity (P less than 0.05) in semen, and the percentage of motile spermatozoa with average path velocities greater than 10 microns/s in both semen (P less than 0.05) and insemination medium (P less than 0.05) were significantly correlated with in vitro fertilization rate when examined by a nonparametric (Spearman) test. With logistic regression analysis of all data, only the diagnoses of male infertility and tubal disease, linearity in semen, and the percentage of motile spermatozoa with average path velocities between 10 and 20 microns/s in insemination medium were significantly related to in vitro fertilization rates. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Impacts of trade facilitation measures on poverty and inclusive growth: Case studies from Asia

In the post-crisis world, new drivers of growth are required to drive further reductions in poverty. This new book from the Asia-Pacific Research and Training Network on Trade (ARTNeT) examines the role of trade facilitation measures in lowering barriers to trade and raising incomes. In addition to a review of relevant literature and theoretical findings, empirical case studies are presented from across the region including: Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Thailand, and China.
NoSQL Graph-based OLAP Analysis

OLAP is a leading technology for analysing data and decision making. It helps the users to discover relevant information from large databases. Graph OLAP has been studied for several years in the OLAP framework. In existing work, the authors study how to import graph data into OLAP cube models but no work has explored yet the feasability to exploit graph structures to store analytical data. As graph databases are more and more used through NoSQL implementations (e.g., social and biological networks), in this paper we aim at providing an original model for managing cubes into NoSQL graphs. We show how cubes can be represented in graphs and how these structures can then be used for graph OLAP queries to support decision making.
Dietary beliefs and behaviour of a UK Somali population.

BACKGROUND Somalis comprise one of the largest asylum seeking populations in the UK, yet very little is known about how this migration has affected traditional attitudes towards food or eating habits. The present study was commissioned to examine the health behaviours (smoking, diet and exercise) of a Somali population in London; the study focuses on the dietary beliefs and self-reported eating behaviours of these subjects. METHODS Because of the documented difficulty of engaging black and minority ethnic groups in research, a mixed methodology was used, involving focus groups to elicit specific dietary themes and a questionnaire survey to attempt to quantify community concordance with these themes. Eight focus groups were held in London in 2006; there were two women's and six men's groups, with 62 participants in total. The questionnaire was developed following analysis of the focus group discussions and opportunistically distributed via local Somali community organisations (77 respondents). RESULTS The typical diet of focus group participants largely consisted of rice, pasta and red meat. There was low consumption of fruit and vegetables reported among the focus group participants: of survey respondents 97% reported eating less than two pieces of fruit, and 92% less than two portions of vegetables, a day. CONCLUSIONS Fruit and vegetable consumption was low and there was uncertainty about what constituted a healthy diet and a stated desire for education around this. Cultural factors such as the traditional Somali diet, social associations of food and lack of appropriate information are issues that need to be addressed.
Foetal and maternal rates of glucose production and utilization in chronically catheterized ditocous ewes.

1. Five well-nourished Scottish Blackface ewes carrying twin lambs were used. An umbilical artery and vein of each foetus in two sheep and one foetus in three sheep were catheterized at 109-112 days of gestation and both maternal jugular veins were catheterized 2 days before experiment. Two-day experiments were conducted between days 124 and 141 of gestation when [2-3H,U-14C]glucose was infused intravenously over 9 h into either the mother or one foetus, separate days being used for each infusion. 2. Plasma glucose specific radioactivities of the mother and infused foetus at plateau were used to determine the glucose flux rates within and between mother and foetus. The corresponding values for the uninfused foetus were calculated by using the relative weights of each twin foetus and were used to correct the maternal flux rates for the presence of the second foetus. 3. The net rate of glucose utilization by the foetus was 11.2 +/- 1.3 mg/min per kg of foetus (mean +/- S.E.M; n = 11). The corresponding rate in the mother was 1.1 +/- 0.1 mg/min per kg of live weight (n = 11). 4. The net rate of foetal uptake of glucose from the mother accounted for only 56 +/- 4% of the glucose used by the foetus. The remainder was provided by an input of 4.9 +/- 0.7 mg/min per kg of foetus to the foetal glucose pool via foetal gluconeogenesis. 5. The rate of glucose futile cycling in the foetus was high, equal to 95 +/- 19% of the net foetal glucose-utilization rate. 6. The rate of glucose utilization (mg/min per kg of foetus) decreased progressively over the observational period of 124-141 days of gestation. There was no increase in the rates of net foetal glucose uptake or of foetal gluconeogenesis to counter this decline.
A Study of Self-serviced Online Banking System: The Role of Quality and Commitment-assurance

Self-serviced online banking system (OBS) has transformed the banking services to 24hrs/7days available online. The importance of online banking service and its impacts on users and the banking industry have been widely discussed. However, the retention of loyal users in the sense about how to motivate light users to become heavy users and its link with the confirmation of OBS quality are overlooked. This paper introduces information system (IS) success factors and the concept of commitment assurance to empirically investigate OBS users’ continued to use intentions. Results reveal that OBS system and service qualities are significantly important as they are antecedences of OBS user satisfaction. Heavy users show their self-interests in maintaining good relationship with the bank and the differences between heavy and light users are confirmed. Discussions and suggestions for promoting online banking service are given.
Function in protein folding of TRiC, a cytosolic ring complex containing TCP‐1 and structurally related subunits.

T‐complex polypeptide 1 (TCP‐1) was analyzed as a potential chaperonin (GroEL/Hsp60) equivalent of the eukaryotic cytosol. We found TCP‐1 to be part of a hetero‐oligomeric 970 kDa complex containing several structurally related subunits of 52–65 kDa. These members of a new protein family are assembled into a TCP‐1 ring complex (TRiC) which resembles the GroEL double ring. The main function of TRiC appears to be in chaperoning monomeric protein folding: TRiC binds unfolded polypeptides, thereby preventing their aggregation, and mediates the ATP‐dependent renaturation of unfolded firefly luciferase and tubulin. At least in vitro, TRiC appears to function independently of a small co‐chaperonin protein such as GroES. Folding of luciferase is mediated by TRiC but not by GroEL/ES. This suggests that the range of substrate proteins interacting productively with TRiC may differ from that of GroEL. We propose that TRiC mediates the folding of cytosolic proteins by a mechanism distinct from that of the chaperonins in specific aspects.
Effects of exposure pathways on the accumulation and phytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in soybean and rice

Abstract The widespread use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) raises concerns both about their accumulation in crops and human exposure via crop consumption. Plants take up AgNPs through their leaves and roots, but foliar uptake has been largely ignored. To better understand AgNPs–plant interactions, we compared the uptake, phytotoxicity and size distribution of AgNPs in soybean and rice following root versus foliar exposure. At similar AgNP application levels, foliar exposure led to 17–200 times more Ag bioaccumulation than root exposure. Root but not foliar exposure significantly reduced plant biomass, while root exposure increased the malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents of leaves to a larger extent than did foliar exposure. Following either root or foliar exposure, Ag-containing NPs larger (36.0–48.9 nm) than the originally dosed NPs (17–18 nm) were detected within leaves. These particles were detected using a newly developed macerozyme R-10 tissue extraction method followed by single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In response to foliar exposure, these NPs were stored in the cell wall and plamalemma of leaves. NPs were also detected in planta following Ag ion exposure, indicating their in vivo formation. Leaf-to-leaf and root-to-leaf translocation of NPs in planta was observed but the former did not alter the size distribution of the NPs. Our observations point to the possibility that fruits, seeds and other edible parts may become contaminated by translocation processes in plants exposed to AgNPs. These results are an important contribution to improve the risk assessment of NPs under environmental exposure scenarios.
Morphology and immunohistochemistry of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCED) in dogs.

PURPOSE To determine the morphologic features of the epithelium and extracellular matrix in spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCED) in dogs. METHODS Forty-eight superficial keratectomy specimens were obtained after confirmation of the presence of a superficial corneal erosion for longer than 3 weeks with no discernible underlying cause. Histologic samples were examined by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Immunolocalization of laminin, collagen IV, fibronectin, and collagen VII was performed. RESULTS Epithelial cells adjacent to the defect were poorly attached to the underlying extracellular matrix. A prominent superficial stromal hyaline acellular zone composed of collagen fibrils in the area of the erosion was present in most specimens. Samples exhibited a varying degree of fibroplasia, vascularization, and leukocytic infiltrate. Laminin, collagen IV, and collagen VII were usually either not present or were present only in discontinuous segments on the surface of the erosion. Fibronectin usually coated the surface of the erosion, either as a continuous sheet or in discontinuous segments. Transmission electron microscopy of 15 samples revealed that the basement membrane was either absent in the area of the erosion or was present only in discontinuous segments. Scanning electron microscopy of eight of nine samples confirmed the absence of continuous basement membrane. Epithelial and extracellular matrix components in the peripheral cornea appeared normal. CONCLUSIONS Most canine patients with spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects do not have a normal basement membrane structure in the region of the epithelial defect and have other abnormalities in the subjacent extracellular matrix that may reflect a part of the underlying pathophysiology of chronic and recurrent erosions.
A soft computing approach for obesity assessment

Body Mass Index is treated as an indicator to the case of pre-obesity and obesity. BMI values for pre-obesity and obesity are different. The range of BMI for pre-obesity is 25.00-29.99 while for obesity it is 30.00 or above. There is just a mere difference of 0.01 between 29.99 and 30.00. This little difference may be due to either wrong measurement in BMI or wrong diagnosis by doctor. But this difference may affect the health status of patient by changing the category from pre-obese to obese or obese to pre-obese. With the help of soft computing techniques, the wrong measurement in BMI or wrong diagnosis by medical practitioners may be either removed or minimized. In this paper we have used intuitionistic fuzzy logic, a kind of soft computing technique.
Synthesis of a 1-Aryl-2,2-chlorosilyl(phospha)silene Coordinated by an N-Heterocyclic Carbene †

Phosphasilenes, P=Si doubly bonded compounds, have received considerable attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties. We report on the synthesis and structure of a chlorophosphasilene coordinated by an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), which has the potential of functionalization at the Si–Cl moiety. Treatment of a silylphosphine, ArPH–SiCl2RSi (Ar = bulky aryl group, RSi = Si(SiMe3)3) with two equivalents of Im-Me4 (1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene) afforded the corresponding NHC-coordinated phosphasilene, ArP=SiClRSi(Im-Me4) as a stable compound. Bonding properties of the P=Si bond coordinated to an NHC will be discussed on the basis of theoretical calculations.