Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrative modelling and managing new landscapes and environments in de-glaciating mountain ranges: An emerging trans-disciplinary research field

in cold mountain peaks degrades over decades to centuries, vegetation and especially forests take decades to centuries as well to cover freshly exposed terrain, and formation of mature soils can last centuries to millennia [7-10]. Adjustment of surface processes such as erosion/sedimentation or rock deformation/stabilization also take centuries to (many) millennia [11,12]. This results in growing and long lasting disequilibria, especially concerning the stability of over-steepened and now de-buttressed lateral valley slopes and slowly destabilizing icy peaks with degrading permafrost [10]. Three-dimensional model approaches combined with high-resolution digital terrain information can be used to calculate realistic glacier-bed topographies for still existing but unmeasured glaciers [13]. Such glacier-bed topographies represent future surface topographies of periglacial landscapes emerging from continued glacier retreat and vanishing. From this information, potential sites of future lake formation in overdeepend parts of original glacier beds can be determined [14,15]. Such new lakes can be interesting for hydropower production, freshwater supply or tourism. However, they also increase hazards and risks for the down-valley population and infrastructure, especially in connection with the increasing probability of large rock/ ice avalanches from destabilizing icy peaks into lakes newly formed in their immediate neighbourhood [10,16]. Careful and integrative consideration of changing options and risks is therefore needed and must be based on model calculations with
Activated factor XII type A predicts long‐term mortality in patients admitted with chest pain 1

Summary. Background: We assessed the relation between admission levels of activated factor XII type A (XIIaA), and long‐term all‐cause and cardiac mortality and recurrent troponin T (TnT) positive cardiovascular events in a consecutive cohort of 870 patients admitted with a clinically strongly suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods and results: After a 24‐month follow‐up period, 138 patients (15.8%) had died and 155 (17.8%) had suffered from a recurrent TnT positive (TnT > 0.05 ng mL−1) event. XIIaA levels were significantly lower in long‐term survivors than in patients who died (22.9 (17.7–32.1) vs. 27.2 (20.0–39.7) pmol L−1 [median, 25 and 75% percentiles], P < 0.001). The unadjusted hazard ratio for death within 2 years in patients with XIIaA in the highest quartile was 2.49 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.52–4.06) as compared with patients with XIIaA in the lowest quartile. In a stepwise Cox regression model for death within 2 years, XIIaA added prognostic information for all‐cause mortality (HR 2.05; 95% CI, 1.21–3.47) above and beyond age, a history of heart failure, ST‐segment elevation, TnT and B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP). In the subgroup of patients with an admission TnT ≤ 0.05 ng mL−1, XIIaA provided independent prognostic information for all‐cause mortality (HR 3.88; 95% CI, 1.66–9.08) and for the combined endpoint of death or recurrent TnT positive event (HR 2.46; 95% CI, 1.34–4.50). Conclusion: XIIaA, a recently identified in vivo form of activated factor XII is an independent indicator of long‐term all‐cause mortality in patients admitted with chest pain, providing prognostic information above and beyond conventional risk factors.
Experiments of Image Retrieval Using Weak Attributes

Searching images based on descriptions of image attributes is an intuitive process that can be easily understood by humans and recently made feasible by a few promising works in both the computer vision and multimedia communities [4,7,9,11]. In this report, we describe some experiments of image retrieval methods that utilize weak attributes [11].
Optimizing IT FinOps and Sustainability through Unsupervised Workload Characterization

The widespread adoption of public and hybrid clouds, along with elastic resources and various automation tools for dynamic deployment, has accelerated the rapid provisioning of compute resources as needed. Despite these advancements, numerous resources persist unnecessarily due to factors such as poor digital hygiene, risk aversion, or the absence of effective tools, resulting in substantial costs and energy consumption. Existing threshold-based techniques prove inadequate in effectively addressing this challenge. To address this issue, we propose an unsupervised machine learning framework to automatically identify resources that can be de-provisioned completely or summoned on a schedule. Application of this approach to enterprise data has yielded promising initial results, facilitating the segregation of productive workloads with recurring demands from non-productive ones.
MidwestCloud: a centralized SDN-based Network Management Design, Integration, and Deployment for an Academic Institution in Marinduque Islands, Philippines

This research aims to establish a centralized cloud network management platform using software-defined networking for academic institutions located in the Marinduque Islands in the Philippines. Marinduque Midwest College (MMC) is a privately owned educational institution in Gasan, Marinduque, Philippines. The college has a rich history dating back to 1945, founded as Marinduque Central School (MCS), serving as Gasan's first high school. Over the years, the college has expanded its curriculum offerings and campus facilities. In 1996, it began providing college courses and underwent a name change to Marinduque Midwest College. Presently, MMC offers undergraduate degrees in Computer Science, Elementary and Secondary Education, and Senior High School (SHS) programs encompassing the Academic and Technical-Vocational-Livelihood (TVL) Tracks. The primary objective is to manage the network infrastructure, both on-site and off-site, through software-defined networking implemented on the cloud. This approach enables centralized administration of network components such as access points, switches, and routers from any location and at any time. It facilitates swift deployment through zero-touch provisioning while minimizing the overall expenses associated with deployment, operation, and maintenance. The MidwestCloud application provides a user-friendly dashboard accessible on both Android and iOS platforms. It offers real-time monitoring of network status and the ability to assess network utilization and traffic distribution seamlessly.
Using Collections of Human Language Intuitions to Measure Corpus Representativeness

In corpus linguistics there have been numerous attempts to compile balanced corpora, resulting in text collections such as the Brown Corpus or the British National Corpus. These corpora are meant to reflect the average language use a native speaker typically encounters. But is it possible to measure in how far these efforts were successful? Assuming that humans’ language intuitions are based on our brain’s capability to statistically analyze perceived language and to memorize these statistics, we suggest a method for measuring corpus representativeness which compares corpus statistics to three types of human language intuitions as collected from test persons: Word familiarity, word association, and word relatedness. We compute a representativeness score for a corpus by extracting word frequency, word co-occurrence, and contextual statistics from it and by comparing these statistics to the human data. The higher the similarity, the more representative the corpus should be for the language environments of the test persons. Our findings confirm the expectation that corpus size and corpus balancing matter.
The Limiting Behavior of the Estimated Parameters in a Misspecified Random Field Regression Model

This paper examines the limiting properties of the estimated parameters in the random field regression model recently proposed by Hamilton (Econometrica, 2001). Though the model is parametric, it enjoys the flexibility of the nonparametric approach since it can approximate a large collection of nonlinear functions and it has the added advantage that there is no “curse of dimensionality. ”Contrary to existing literature on the asymptotic properties of the estimated parameters in random field models our results do not require that the explanatory variables are sampled on a grid. However, as a consequence the random field model specification introduces non-stationarity and non-ergodicity in the misspecified model and it becomes non-trivial, relative to the existing literature, to establish the limiting behavior of the estimated parameters. The asymptotic results are obtained by applying some convenient new uniform convergence results that we propose. This theory may have applications beyond those presented here. Our results indicate that classical statistical inference techniques, in general, works very well for random field regression models in finite samples and that these models succesfully can fit and uncover many types of nonlinear structures in data.
Case-Control Study of Fetal Microchimerism and Breast Cancer

Background Prior pregnancy is known to protect against development of breast cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that pregnancy has the capacity to establish small numbers of immunologically active fetal-derived cells in the mother, a phenomenon known as fetal microchimerism (FMc). We asked whether presence of FMc, routinely acquired during pregnancy, is a protective factor for breast cancer. Methodology/Principal Findings DNA extracts from peripheral blood specimens were obtained from a population-based case-control study of risk factors for breast cancer in women 21 to 45 years old. Specimens were tested with quantitative PCR for presence and concentrations of male DNA presumed to derive from prior pregnancies with a male fetus. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated with consideration of multiple established reproductive and environmental risk factors for breast cancer. FMc results were generated on 99 parous women, 54 with primary invasive breast cancer and 45 general population controls. FMc prevalence was 56% (25/45) and 26% (14/54) in controls and cases, respectively. Women harboring FMc were less likely to have had breast cancer (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.11–0.83; p = 0.02, adjusting for age, number of children, birth of a son, history of miscarriage, and total DNA tested). In addition, FMc concentrations were higher in controls versus cases (p = 0.01). Median concentrations were 2 (0–78) and 0 (0–374) fetal genomes/106 maternal genomes in controls and cases, respectively. Conclusions Results suggest that the enigma of why some parous women are not afforded protection from breast cancer by pregnancy might in part be explained by differences in FMc. Mechanistic studies of FMc-derived protection against breast cancer are warranted.
Specification-based test oracles for reactive systems

The testing process is typically systematic in test data se- lection and test execution. For the most part, however, the effective use of test oracles has been neglected, even though they are a critical component of the testing process. Test or- acles prescribe acceptable behavior for test execution. In the absence of judging test results with formal oracles, testing does not achieve its goal of revealing failures or assuring cor- rect behavior in a practical manner; manual result checking is neither reliable nor cost-effective. We argue that test oracles should be derived from specifications in conjunction with testing criteria, represented in a common form, and their use made integral to the test- ing process. For complex, reactive systems, oracles must reflect the multiparadigm nature of the required behavior. Such systems are often specified using multiple languages, each selected for its utility specifying in a particular computational paradigm. Thus, we are developing an approach for deriving and using oracles based on multiparadigm and multilingual specifications to enable the verification of test results for reactive systems as well as less complex systems.
A Lemma Based Evaluator for Semitic Language Text Summarization Systems

Matching texts in highly inflected languages such as Arabic by simple stemming strategy is unlikely to perform well. In this paper, we present a strategy for automatic text matching technique for for inflectional languages, using Arabic as the test case. The system is an extension of ROUGE test in which texts are matched on token's lemma level. The experimental results show an enhancement of detecting similarities between different sentences having same semantics but written in different lexical forms.
Weight Selection in H-/spl infin/ Loop Shaping Using Lead/Lag Compensators

In this paper a systematic approach for weight selection has been applied. A classical phase lead compensator is used as weight (precompensator) in Hinfin loop shaping for design of pitch controller for air vehicle. Analysis has been confined only to bode plots. The analysis and results achieved indicate that Hinfin loop shaping control theory is a viable tool for design and synthesis of attitude control of air vehicle
Vitamin A supplements, routine immunization, and the subsequent risk of Plasmodium infection among children under 5 years in sub-Saharan Africa

Recent studies, partly based on murine models, suggest childhood immunization and vitamin A supplements may confer protection against malaria infection, although strong evidence to support these theories in humans has so far been lacking. We analyzed national survey data from children aged 6–59 months in four sub-Saharan African countries over an 18-month time period, to determine the risk of Plasmodium spp. parasitemia (n=8390) and Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 (PfHRP-2)-related antigenemia (n=6121) following vitamin A supplementation and standard vaccination. Bacille Calmette Guerin-vaccinated children were more likely to be PfHRP-2 positive (relative risk [RR]=4.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.00–8.28). No association was identified with parasitemia. Measles and polio vaccination were not associated with malaria. Children receiving vitamin A were less likely to present with parasitemia (RR=0.46, 95% CI=0.39–0.54) and antigenemia (RR=0.23, 95% CI=0.17–0.29). Future studies focusing on climate seasonality, placental malaria and HIV are needed to characterize better the association between vitamin A and malaria infection in different settings. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.03925. 001
The Antinociceptive Effect of Dexmedetomidine Modulates Spleen Cell Immunity in Mice

Background: Pain plays roles in both the nervous system and immune system. Changes in the neuroendocrine pathway under pain conditions give rise to sympathetic outflow with increased plasma catecholamines and activate immune reactions. Dexmedetomidine exerts sedative, analgesic, and anesthetic-sparing effects and is known to diminish pro-inflammatory processes by central sympatholytic effects. To investigate the influence of the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine on immunomodulation under pain conditions, splenic natural killer (NK) tumoricidal cytotoxic activity, proliferative ability of T lymphocytes, and cytokine changes were assessed. Methods: After evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of dexmedetomidine in C57BL mice that were subjected to formalin-induced pain, dexmedetomidine (30 µg/kg) or saline was injected intraperitoneally (ip) 30 min before formalin (20 µL of 2% formalin in 0.9% saline) injection. NK cell activity against NK-sensitive YAC-1 lymphoma cells was evaluated by the percentage of specific lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Various numbers of effector cells (NK cells) were added to the wells of a microtiter plate containing 2 × 104 target YAC-1 cells in 100 μL, to achieve final effector-to-target cell ratios of 80:1, 40:1, and 20:1. The level of lymphocyte proliferation in response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was detected by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10 levels were determined in blood samples and supernatants of splenocyte preparations. Results: IP administration of dexmedetomidine significantly decreased the time of licking and biting during the first and second phases of the formalin test (p <0.001). Formalin-induced pain led to higher activity of NK cells than in sham-treated mice (p <0.05), but NK activity was not increased significantly by ip dexmedetomidine treatment. Formalin-induced pain significantly increased splenic lymphocyte proliferation (p <0.05), but dexmedetomidine did not alter this response. There was a significant increase in plasma TNF-α (p = 0.048) and IL-6 (p = 0.014) levels after formalin-induced pain. However, the differences between the responses after ip dexmedetomidine did not change significantly. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine showed antinociceptive effect on both of acute pain phase 1 and hyperalgesic phase 2 of formalin pain model. Formalin-induced pain alters cellular immunity of spleen in mice. Dexmedetomidine attenuates the activation of NK cells under pain condition, but neither the proliferative response of the splenic lymphocytes nor the cytokine production was affected by dexmedetomidine.
New Tools for Web-Scale N-grams

While the web provides a fantastic linguistic resource, collecting and processing data at web-scale is beyond the reach of most academic laboratories. Previous research has relied on search engines to collect online information, but this is hopelessly inefficient for building large-scale linguistic resources, such as lists of named-entity types or clusters of distributionally similar words. An alternative to processing web-scale text directly is to use the information provided in an N-gram corpus. An N-gram corpus is an efficient compression of large amounts of text. An N-gram corpus states how often each sequence of words (up to length N) occurs. We propose tools for working with enhanced web-scale N-gram corpora that include richer levels of source annotation, such as part-of-speech tags. We describe a new set of search tools that make use of these tags, and collectively lower the barrier for lexical learning and ambiguity resolution at web-scale. They will allow novel sources of information to be applied to long-standing natural language challenges.
Recognition of Partial Circular Shapes from Segmented Contours

This paper presents a circle-finding method to deal with partially occluded circles using segmented contours. Contours are segmented using a criterion based on the derivative of the curvature. Constant curvature segments are primitives inputted into a clustering algorithm which brings out the relationships among contour segments which are likely to represent the same circles. A minimization criterion is used to find the circle parameters, providing an accurate parameter estimation. The method allows recovery of the contour segments used to estimate circle parameters, providing useful information in some practical applications.
Efficient heuristic approach to dominance testing in CP-nets

CP-net (Conditional Preference Network) is one of the extensively studied languages for representing and reasoning with preferences. The fundamental operation of dominance testing in CP-nets, i.e. determining whether an outcome is preferred to another, is very important in many real-world applications. Current techniques for solving general dominance queries is to search for improving flipping sequence from one outcome to another as a proof of the dominance relation in all rankings satisfying the given CP-net. However, it is generally a hard problem even for binary-valued, acyclic CP-nets and tractable search algorithms exist only for specific problem classes. Hence, there is a need for efficient algorithms and techniques for dominance testing in more general problem settings. In this paper, we propose a heuristic approach, called DT*, to dominance testing in arbitrary acyclic multi-valued CP-nets. Our proposed approach guides the search process efficiently and allows significant reduction of search effort without impacting soundness or completeness of the search process. We present results of experiments that demonstrate the computational efficiency and feasibility of our approach to dominance testing.
Towards Sustainable Economic Zones with UAV-assisted Real-time Energy Replenishment in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

An economic zone is bound to have continuous monitoring and control by an autonomous surveillance system for better production competency and security. Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs) have gained popularity to provide reliable and sustainable energy supply for continual network operations. In economic zones, numerous sensor nodes are deployed for diverse activities that require continuous energy supply. However, the integration of WRSNs with UAVs has increased the efficiency of recharging the sensor nodes deployed in areas that are difficult to reach by mobile chargers. Nevertheless, UAVs’ limited battery life limits their performance and range which requires efficient deployment of charging stations. This paper proposes an integration of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms to address the charging scheduling problem through efficient deployment of charging stations and finding the optimal charging scheduling path for UAVs. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme produces a shorter planning path, leading to a longer network lifespan than alternative approaches.
First sea trials of HROV the new hybrid vehicle developed by IFREMER

The ever increasing demand for biological and geophysical data of the underwater environment has prompted the French oceanographic institute IFREMER to develop a new underwater vehicle to meet novel scientific exploration challenges. The HROV Ariane bases its core innovative features on the duality of its operational modes, namely tethered and autonomous, both being implemented to allow operation from a non Dynamic Positioning (DP) capable light vessel. The vehicle's main scientific objectives are also dual: to conduct high resolution bathymetric and optical survey and to perform scientific intervention tasks. From the outset the design effort has focused on identifying the best suited compromise while maintaining the given strict constraints on size and net weight to allow operation from light vessels. This has produced a uniquely innovative underwater system from the standpoint of actuation, mode management, payload integration and operational flexibility. It is the Institute's objective to turn Ariane's high exploitation potential into a viable asset to serve the scientific community; following the wet trials phase presented in this article that targeted system validation the vehicle will integrate the fleet of deep diving scientific underwater vehicles operated by the Institute in late 2015.