Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Forward-Secure Public-Key Encryption Scheme without Random Oracles

In the real world, cryptographic computations are often performed on a relatively insecure device which can not be trusted to maintain secrecy of the secret key. Exposure of secret keys is perhaps the most debilitating attack on a cryptosystem since it implies that all security guarantees are lost. The notion of forward security guarantees that the compromise of current secret keys does not compromise past secret keys and past communications. Therefore, it can minimize the resulting damage caused by the exposure of secret keys, and provides a promising approach to deal with the secret key exposure. In this paper, we present an efficient forward-secure public-key encryption scheme and prove it to be secure in the standard model. Most of the performance parameters of our proposed scheme are independent on the total number of time periods. When compared with the previous scheme, our scheme is much more efficient.
The Influence of Motor Imagery on Postural Sway: Differential Effects of Type of Body Movement and Person Perspective

The present study examined the differential effects of kinesthetic imagery (first person perspective) and visual imagery (third person perspective) on postural sway during quiet standing. Based on an embodied cognition perspective, the authors predicted that kinesthetic imagery would lead to activations in movement-relevant motor systems to a greater degree than visual imagery. This prediction was tested among 30 participants who imagined various motor activities from different visual perspectives while standing on a strain gauge plate. The results showed that kinesthetic imagery of lower body movements, but not of upper body movements, had clear effects on postural parameters (sway path length and frequency contents of sway). Visual imagery, in contrast, had no reliable effects on postural activity. We also found that postural effects were not affected by the vividness of imagery. The results suggest that during kinesthetic motor imagery participants partially simulated (re-activated) the imagined movements, leading to unintentional postural adjustments. These findings are consistent with an embodied cognition perspective on motor imagery.
The Dynamics of Costly Signaling

Costly signaling is a mechanism through which the honesty of signals can be secured in equilibrium, even in interactions where communicators have conflicting interests. This paper explores the dynamics of one such signaling game: Spence’s model of education. It is found that separating equilibria are unlikely to emerge under either the replicator or best response dynamics, but that partially communicative mixed equilibria are quite important dynamically. These mixtures are Lyapunov stable in the replicator dynamic and asymptotically stable in the best response dynamic. Moreover, they have large basins of attraction, in fact larger than those of either pooling or separating equilibria. This suggests that these mixtures may play significant, and underappreciated, roles in the explanation of the emergence and stability of information transfer.
Noradrenergic Inputs Mediate State Dependence of Auditory Responses in the Avian Song System

Norepinephrine (NE) plays a complex role in the behavioral state-dependent regulation of sensory processing. However, the role of forebrain NE action in modulating high-order sensory activity has not been directly addressed. In this study, we take advantage of the discrete, feedforward organization of the avian song system to identify a site and mechanism of NE action underlying state-dependent modulation of sensory processing. We have developed an experimental paradigm in which brief arousal repeatedly suppresses song system auditory responsiveness. Using pharmacological manipulations in vivo, we show that infusion of α-adrenergic antagonists into the NIf (nucleus interfacialis of the nidopallium), an auditory forebrain area, blocks this state-dependent modulation. We also demonstrate dose-dependent enhancement and suppression of song system auditory response properties by NE and adrenergic agonists. Our results demonstrate that noradrenergic release in a single forebrain area is a mechanism underlying behavioral state-dependent regulation of auditory processing in a neural system specialized for vocal learning.
Interaction of E2 Glycoprotein with Heparan Sulfate Is Crucial for Cellular Infection of Sindbis Virus

Cell culture-adapted strains of Sindbis virus (SINV) initially attach to cells by the ability to interact with heparan sulfate (HS) through selective mutation for positively charged amino acid (aa) scattered in E2 glycoprotein (W. B. Klimstra, K. D. Ryman, and R. E. Johnston, J. Virol. 72: 7357–7366, 1998). Here we have further confirmed that interaction of E2 protein with HS is crucial for cellular infection of SINV based on the reverse genetic system of XJ-160 virus, a Sindbis-like virus (SINLV). Both SINV YN87448 and SINLV XJ-160 displayed similar infectivity on BHK-21, Vero, or C6/36 cells, but XJ-160 failed to infect mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells. The molecular mechanisms underlying the selective infectivity of XJ-160 were approached by substituting the E1, E2, or both genes of XJ-160 with that of YN87448, and the chimeric virus was denominated as XJ-160/E1, XJ-160/E2, or XJ-160/E1E2, respectively. In contrast to the parental XJ-160, all chimeric viruses became infectious to wild-type MEF cells (MEF-wt). While MEF-Ext −/− cells, producing shortened HS chains, were resistant not only to XJ-160, but also to YN87448 as well as the chimeric viruses, indicating that the inability of XJ-160 to infect MEF-wt cells likely due to its incompetent discrimination of cellular HS. Treatment with heparin or HS-degrading enzyme resulted in a substantial decrease in plaque formation by YN87448, XJ-160/E2, and XJ-160/E1E2, but had marginal effect on XJ-160 and XJ-160/E1, suggesting that E2 glycoprotein from YN87448 plays a more important role than does E1 in mediating cellular HS-related cell infection. In addition, the peptide containing 145–150 aa from E2 gene of YN87448 specifically bound to heparin, while the corresponding peptide from the E2 gene of XJ-160 essentially showed no binding to heparin. As a new dataset, these results clearly confirm an essential role of E2 glycoprotein, especially the domain of 145–150 aa, in SINV cellular infection through the interaction with HS.
Effects of random errors on the radiation pattern of cylindrical array antenna

Random errors of conformal array antenna effectively affect the radiation pattern and reduce the antenna directivity. In this paper, the excitation phase quantization error, random excitation amplitude and phase errors, the failure of element are studied by theoretical calculation and simulation. In order to analyze the effects on random errors of conformal array antenna, pattern synthesis modal of cylindrical array antenna in the far field are proposed firstly. The mean and variance of radiation pattern under these random errors are formulated with different error probability distribution. Moreover, we evaluate direction pattern of different excitation amplitude and phase random errors on cylindrical array antenna. The maximum radiation power under different failure probability is also discussed. Results indicate that various errors will have the side lobe level increasing with the different degrees.
Motor neuron cell-nonautonomous rescue of spinal muscular atrophy phenotypes in mild and severe transgenic mouse models

Survival of motor neuron (SMN) deficiency causes spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), but restoring SMN in motor neurons only partially rescues SMA in mouse models. Hua et al. address the relative importance of SMN restoration in the CNS versus peripheral tissues in mouse models by using a therapeutic splice-switching antisense oligonucleotide to restore SMN and a complementary decoy oligonucleotide to neutralize its effects in the CNS. Increasing SMN exclusively in peripheral tissues completely rescued necrosis in mild SMA mice and robustly extended survival in severe SMA mice, with significant improvements in vulnerable tissues and motor function.
Processamento, caracterização e determinação do perfil de polarização do Poli(fluoreto de vinilideno)

This work characterized the ferroelectric polarization of the β-PVDF differentiating the individual contributions of the orientation and the crystalline phases in the remanent polarization of the PVDF. Those contributions are not known separately, because until recently the loop hysteresi was obtained only to βPVDF from stretching the α phase films. Unoriented films exclusively in the β phase were obtained from the crystallization of PVDF from solution with N,N-dimethyl formamide at temperatures below 70oC, some of these films were uniaxialy stretched. Also were obtained films from the uniaxial stretching of the PVDF-α from BembergFolien GmbH at 80oC and 150oC and still unoriented samples from Bemberg in α phase, (α+β) samples from Piezotech and β sample were obtained by electrospinning. The crystalline phase, orientation and dielectric properties of the samples were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray diffraction, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and dielectric spectroscopy. The ferroelectric characterization was done by ramp voltage technique, in this method the electric field is applied in the form of ramps, i.e, with the relationship dE/dt equal to a constant (k). The numbers of the voltage ramps, of same polarity or reverse, is controlled, making possible the application of an arbitrary sequence of ramps, therefore the dependence of the polarization with the field can be determined in order and obtain the hysteresis loop. Through the relation between structural and ferroelectric characteristics of the samples proved that origin of permanent polarization is in the crystalline phase. The role of the interface among amorphous and crystalline phase in the metaestable polarization of the PVDF was also studied.
Pengaruh Penerapan Learning Cycle 6e Think Pair Share terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Peserta Didik dengan Kemampuan Awal Berbeda

Learning cycle 6 E-think pair share (LC6E-TPS) is a combination of constructivist learning model. The purpose of this study was to know the influence of the learning model, prior knowledge of learners, and the interaction between prior knowledge of learners with the learning model to the cognitive achievement in solubility and solubility product. The research method in this study was quasi-experimental. The population were students of XI grade of SMAN 8 Malang. The sample was determined using cluster random sampling. From the results of data analysis using two ways anova, there is a significant differences in cognitive learning outcomes of solubility and solubility product topic between students that learned using LC6E-TPS and LC6E. This happens both on students who have high and low prior knowledge. In addition it was found that there was no interaction between learners prior knowledge with learning model to the cognitive achievement of students in this topic. Model pembelajaran learning cycle 6 E- think pair share (LC6E-TPS) merupakan kombinasi model pembelajaran konstruktivistik. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran LC6E-TPS, kemampuan awal peserta didik, dan interaksi antara kemampuan awal peserta didik dengan model pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar kognitif peserta didik pada materi kelarutan dan hasil kali kelarutan. Metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI SMAN 8 Malang. Sampel penelitian ditentukan secara cluster random sampling . Dari hasil analisis data menggunakan anava dua jalur, terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar kognitif yang signifikan antara peserta didik yang dibelajarkan menggunakan model pembelajaran LC6E-TPS dengan model pembelajaran LC6E. Hal ini terjadi baik pada peserta didik yang memiliki kemampuan awal tinggi maupun rendah. Selain itu, ditemukan bahwa tidak ada interaksi antara kemampuan awal peserta didik dengan model pembelajaran terhadap hasil belajar kognitif peserta didik pada materi tersebut.
Urgent Call for True-Friendships: An Empirical Test for Co-Operative

Aiming to identify antecedents for long-term orientation in co-operative organization, the study conducted two analyses. For the first part, the study conducted critical review among several academic works to find clear direction regarding the phenomenon. One pivotal finding from this phase would be the use of true-friendship as basis. Addressing dialectical theory of friendship, the study appointed three possible candidates: trust, commitment and loyalty. Moreover, dialectical process signaled to have strong relationship with true-friendship and long-term orientation. Putting all together, the study proposed one research model which consists of six hypotheses. The second part of the study was performing Structural Equation Modeling with LISREL to test the model empirically. Having achieved Goodness of Fit Index up to 0.977, the study confirmed that trust, commitment and loyalty do have positive relationship with the truefriendship on its accordance with long-term orientation. Lastly, the role of dialectical process had successfully identified but only in the creation of long-term orientation, thus leaving one concept for future agenda.
MPSoCs run-time monitoring through Networks-on-Chip

Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) have appeared as design strategy to overcome the limitations, in terms of scalability, efficiency, and power consumption of current buses. In this paper, we discuss the idea of using NoCs to monitor system behaviour at run-time by tracing activities at initiators and targets. Main goal of the monitoring system is to retrieve information useful for run-time optimization and resources allocation in adaptive systems. Information detected by probes embedded within NIs is sent to a central unit, in charge of collecting and elaborating the data. We detail the design of the basic blocks and analyse the overhead associated with the ASIC implementation of the monitoring system, as well as discussing implications in terms of the additional traffic generated in the NoC.
Imbalanced genomic imprinting in brain development: an evolutionary basis for the aetiology of autism

We describe a new hypothesis for the development of autism, that it is driven by imbalances in brain development involving enhanced effects of paternally expressed imprinted genes, deficits of effects from maternally expressed genes, or both. This hypothesis is supported by: (1) the strong genomic‐imprinting component to the genetic and developmental mechanisms of autism, Angelman syndrome, Rett syndrome and Turner syndrome; (2) the core behavioural features of autism, such as self‐focused behaviour, altered social interactions and language, and enhanced spatial and mechanistic cognition and abilities, and (3) the degree to which relevant brain functions and structures are altered in autism and related disorders. The imprinted brain theory of autism has important implications for understanding the genetic, epigenetic, neurological and cognitive bases of autism, as ultimately due to imbalances in the outcomes of intragenomic conflict between effects of maternally vs. paternally expressed genes.
STARR : Similarity-based Transfers for Automatic Rock Rhythms

During the composition of a piece of music, composers often focus on the crafting of melody and harmonic lines rather than a percussive track that may accompany them. For amateur composers, creating a drum track by hand can be both tedious and frustrating, due to their lack of skill and experience with the task. In recent years, computer software tools have been created to help automate the creation of drum tracks, but most often they operate by simply allowing the composer to choose one of a set of drum patterns, and continually repeating that pattern for the duration of the song. As one might expect, this technique often results in aesthetically displeasing drum tracks, as their lack of variation quickly leads to listener boredom. The primary solution to this problem used by human drummers is the insertion of drum fills percussive elements that differ from the current drum pattern, intended to add energy and excitement to the performance of a musical piece by promoting listener interest. Unfortunately, the task of choosing both when to play a drum fill and what fill to play is non-trivial; the talents of human drummers are often rated by their ability to make these choices well. In this paper, I propose a novel solution to the problem of automatically choosing where in a melody-accompanying drum track to place drum fills; this problem is henceforth referred to as the Drum Fill Placement problem. Using a database of human-crafted melodies and accompanying drum tracks, a machine learning algorithm is trained to identify and exploit a relationship between melody rhythms and the occurrence of drum fills. Given a set of test melodies, the resulting drum fill placements are evaluated by comparison to hidden, human-crafted drum tracks designed to accompany each melody. The remainder of this section introduces a set of terminology needed for discussing the Drum Fill Placement problem, gives a brief background concerning the choice of music representation used, and formally states the goals of this work. Following this, the remainder of the paper is organized as follows: first, some specific refinements to the Drum Fill Placement problem as it is treated in this work are defined; second, a set of related work is discussed, with a focus on how it might be useful in solving the Drum Fill Placement problem; third, a novel algorithm designed to solve the Drum Fill Placement problem is introduced, titled STARR (Similarity-based Transfers for Automatic Rock Rhythms); fourth, a set of experiments designed to achieve the goals of this project are described, and results are given; fifth, the experimental results are discussed; finally, future work is suggested, and conclusions are drawn.
Site‐level evaluation of satellite‐based global terrestrial gross primary production and net primary production monitoring

Operational monitoring of global terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) and net primary production (NPP) is now underway using imagery from the satellite‐borne Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. Evaluation of MODIS GPP and NPP products will require site‐level studies across a range of biomes, with close attention to numerous scaling issues that must be addressed to link ground measurements to the satellite‐based carbon flux estimates. Here, we report results of a study aimed at evaluating MODIS NPP/GPP products at six sites varying widely in climate, land use, and vegetation physiognomy. Comparisons were made for twenty‐five 1 km2 cells at each site, with 8‐day averages for GPP and an annual value for NPP. The validation data layers were made with a combination of ground measurements, relatively high resolution satellite data (Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus at ∼30 m resolution), and process‐based modeling. There was strong seasonality in the MODIS GPP at all sites, and mean NPP ranged from 80 g C m−2 yr−1 at an arctic tundra site to 550 g C m−2 yr−1 at a temperate deciduous forest site. There was not a consistent over‐ or underprediction of NPP across sites relative to the validation estimates. The closest agreements in NPP and GPP were at the temperate deciduous forest, arctic tundra, and boreal forest sites. There was moderate underestimation in the MODIS products at the agricultural field site, and strong overestimation at the desert grassland and at the dry coniferous forest sites. Analyses of specific inputs to the MODIS NPP/GPP algorithm – notably the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the vegetation canopy, the maximum light use efficiency (LUE), and the climate data – revealed the causes of the over‐ and underestimates. Suggestions for algorithm improvement include selectively altering values for maximum LUE (based on observations at eddy covariance flux towers) and parameters regulating autotrophic respiration.
Experimental Study on the Effects of the Colors of E-Commerce Websites upon Memorization and Intent of Buying

This article aims at studying the impact of the colors of e-commerce Web sites as an atmospheric variable of the interface, on the viewer's memorization and intent to buy. Relying on a literature review as well as on investigations provided by an exploratory qualitative analysis, we wish to introduce the theoretical and methodological bases addressing this issue. The interaction of hue and brightness, using chromatic colors for the dominant (background) and dynamics (foreground) ones, supports the memorizing and the intent of purchase when contrast rests on a weak situation of brightness. The emotional state (emotions and mood) shows that a negative mood causes a better memorizing but a decreasing intent of purchase, just as stimulation acts positively on the intent of purchase.
Dynamics of “Small Galaxies” in the Hubble Deep Field

We have previously found in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) a significant angular correlation of faint, high-color redshift objects on scales below 1'', or several kiloparsecs in metric size. A correlation at this scale is most likely due to physical associations. We examine the correlation and nearest neighbor statistics to conclude that 38% of these objects in the HDF have a companion within 1'' (or ~6 kpc), 3 times the number expected in a random distribution with the same number of objects; the total excess approaches 1.5 objects by separations of 10''. We next examine three possible dynamical scenarios for these object multiplets: (1) the objects are star-forming regions within normal galaxies, whose disks have been relatively dimmed by K-correction and surface brightness dimming; (2) they are fragments merging into large galaxies; (3) they are satellites accreting onto parent normal L* galaxies. We find that hypothesis 1 is most tenable. First, large galaxies in the process of a merger formation would have accumulated too much mass in their centers (5 × 1012 M☉ inside 2 kpc) to correspond to any abundant category of present-day objects. Second, accretion by dynamical friction occurs with a predictable slope in density versus radius that is not seen among the faint HDF objects. Since the dynamical friction time is roughly 1 Gyr, a steady state should have been reached by redshift z ≲ 5. In the context of these two dynamical scenarios, we consider the possible effects of a gradient in mass-to-light ratio caused by induced star formation during infall. We note that star-forming regions within galaxies clearly present no dynamical problems, but also that large spirals would still appear as such in the HDF, which leads us to favor a scenario in which the faint compact sources in the HDF are giant star-forming regions within small normal galaxies, such as Magellanic irregulars. Last, we note that the “excess” number of correlated objects near a given faint source approaches 1.5, suggesting that the previous counts of objects have overestimated the number of galaxies by a factor of 2.5 while underestimating their individual luminosities by the same factor.
Learning to Behave Socially

Our previous work introduced a methodology for synthesizing and analyzing basic behaviors which served as a substrate for generating a large repertoire of higher{level group interactions (Matari c 1992, Matari c 1993). In this paper we describe how, given the substrate, agents can learn to behave socially, i.e. to maximize average individual by maximizing collective beneet. While this is a well{deened problem for rational agents, it is diicult to learn in situated domains. We describe three sources of reinforcement and show their necessity for learning non{greedy social rules. The learning strategy is demonstrated on a group of physical mobile robots learning to yield and share information in a foraging task.