Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spexin-Based Galanin Receptor Type 2 Agonist for Comorbid Mood Disorders and Abnormal Body Weight

Despite the established comorbidity between mood disorders and abnormal eating behaviors, the underlying molecular mechanism and therapeutics remain to be resolved. Here, we show that a spexin-based galanin receptor type 2 agonist (SG2A) simultaneously normalized mood behaviors and body weight in corticosterone pellet-implanted (CORTI) mice, which are underweight and exhibit signs of anhedonia, increased anxiety, and depression. Administration of SG2A into the lateral ventricle produced antidepressive and anxiolytic effects in CORTI mice. Additionally, SG2A led to a recovery of body weight in CORTI mice while it induced significant weight loss in normal mice. In Pavlovian fear-conditioned mice, SG2A decreased contextual and auditory fear memory consolidation but accelerated the extinction of acquired fear memory without altering innate fear and recognition memory. The main action sites of SG2A in the brain may include serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus for mood control, and proopiomelanocortin/corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamus for appetite and body weight control. Furthermore, intranasal administration of SG2A exerted the same anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects and decreased food intake and body weight in a dose-dependent manner. Altogether, these results indicate that SG2A holds promise as a clinical treatment for patients with comorbid mood disorders and abnormal appetite/body weight.
Variable stars in one open cluster within the Kepler/K2-Campaign-5 field: M 67 (NGC 2682)

In this paper we continue the release of high-level data products from the multiyear photometric survey collected at the 67/92 cm Schmidt Telescope in Asiago. The primary goal of the survey is to discover and to characterise variable objects and exoplanetary transits in four fields containing five nearby open clusters spanning a broad range of ages. This second paper releases a photometric catalogue, in five photometric bands, of the Solar-age, Solar-metallicity open cluster M 67 (NGC 2682). Proper motions are derived comparing the positions observed in 2013 at the Asiago's Schmidt Telescope with those extracted from WFI@2.2m MPG/ESO images in 2000. We also analyse the variable sources within M 67. We detected 68 variables, 43 of which are new detection. Variable periods and proper-motion memberships of a large majority of sources in our catalogue are improved with respect to previous releases. The entire catalogue will be available in electronic format. Besides the general interest on an improved catalogue, this work will be particularly useful because of: (1) the imminent release of Kepler/K2 Campaign-5 data of this cluster, for which our catalogue will provide an excellent, high spatial resolution input list, and (2) characterisation of the M 67 stars which are targets of intense HARPS and HARPS-N radial-velocity surveys for planet search.
The extended ROSAT-ESO flux limited X-ray galaxy cluster survey (REFLEX II) II. Construction and properties of the survey

Context. Galaxy clusters provide unique laboratories to study astrophysical processes on large scales and are important probes for cosmology. X-ray observations are currently the best means of detecting and characterizing galaxy clusters. Therefore X-ray surveys for galaxy clusters are one of the best ways to obtain a statistical census of the galaxy cluster population. Aims. In this paper we describe the construction of the REFLEX II galaxy cluster survey based on the southern part of the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. REFLEX II extends the REFLEX I survey by a factor of about two down to a flux limit of 1.8 × 10−12 erg s−1 cm−2 (0.1 - 2.4 keV). Methods. We describe the determination of the X-ray parameters, the process of X-ray source identification, and the construction of the survey selection function. Results. The REFLEX II cluster sample comprises currently 919 objects. A standard selection function is derived for a lower source count limit of 20 photons in addition to the flux limit. The median redshift of the sample is z = 0.102. Internal consistency checks and the comparison to several other galaxy cluster surveys imply that REFLEX II is better than 90% complete with a contamination less than 10%. Conclusions. With this publication we give a comprehensive statistical description of the REFLEX II survey and provide all the complementary information necessary for a proper modelling of the survey for astrophysical and cosmological applications.
Conjugated polymer/nanocarbon nanocomposite—sensing properties and interactions

Abstract Conducting polymer derived materials offer technical podium for development of sensors. This review conversed design, fabrication, and application of conducting polymer/nanocarbon nanomaterial derived sensors. Conducting polymer and resultant nanocomposites have been applied in range of sensors such as electrochemical, conductometric, chemical, gas, ionic, pH, DNA, and bio-related devices. Owing to synergistic effects of nanocarbon nanofiller and conjugated polymer, electron transport, compatibility, interaction, and interface characteristics of nanomaterials were enhanced. Consequently, sensing properties of conducting polymer/nanocarbon nanocomposites have found dependent on nanofiller type, dispersion, and processing approaches. These sensors have found applications in electronics, automotive, civil engineering, packaging, and biomedical fields. Graphical Abstract
Mixing in modulated turbulence. Numerical results

Direct numerical simulations are carried out to investigate scalar mixing in an isotropic turbulent flow with a time-periodic forcing. For high amplitudes of the modulation, it is shown that the average mixing rate is negatively affected at low frequencies. In this limit the mixing time scale increases, whereas the typical velocity timescale decreases. We further determine the frequency response of scalar statistics to a periodic scalar-forcing.
Quantum steganography

Steganography is the process of hiding secret information by embedding it in an"innocent"message. We present protocols for hiding quantum information in a codeword of a quantum error-correcting code passing through a channel. Using either a shared classical secret key or shared entanglement the sender (Alice) disguises her information as errors in the channel. The receiver (Bob) can retrieve the hidden information, but an eavesdropper (Eve) with the power to monitor the channel, but without the secret key, cannot distinguish the message from channel noise. We analyze how difficult it is for Eve to detect the presence of secret messages, and estimate rates of steganographic communication and secret key consumption for certain protocols.
Towards a perturbation theory for eventually positive semigroups

We consider eventually positive operator semigroups and study the question whether their eventual positivity is preserved by bounded perturbations of the generator or not. We demonstrate that eventual positivity is not stable with respect to large positive perturbation and that certain versions of eventual positivity react quite sensitively to small positive perturbations. In particular we show that if eventual positivity is preserved under arbitrary positive perturbations of the generator, then the semigroup is positive. We then provide sufficient conditions for a positive perturbation to preserve the eventual positivity. Some of these theorems are qualitative in nature while others are quantitative with explicit bounds.
Tail behaviour of stationary solutions of random difference equations: the case of regular matrices

Given a sequence of i.i. d. random variables with generic copy such that M is a regular matrix and Q takes values in , we consider the random difference equation Under suitable assumptions stated below, this equation has a unique stationary solution R such that for some and some finite positive and continuous function K on , holds true. A rather long proof of this result, originally stated by Kesten [Acta Math. 131 (1973), pp. 207–248] at the end of his famous article, was given by Le Page [Séminaires de probabilités Rennes 1983, University of Rennes I, Rennes, 1983, p. 116]. The purpose of this article is to show how regeneration methods can be used to provide a much shorter argument (particularly for the positivity of K). It is based on a multidimensional extension of Goldie's implicit renewal theory developed in Goldie [Ann. Appl. Probab. 1 (1991), pp. 126–166].
A Rationale and Approach to the Development of Specific Treatments for HIV Associated Neurocognitive Impairment

Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) associated with HIV infection of the brain impacts a large proportion of people with HIV (PWH) regardless of antiretroviral therapy (ART). While the number of PWH and severe NCI has dropped considerably with the introduction of ART, the sole use of ART is not sufficient to prevent or arrest NCI in many PWH. As the HIV field continues to investigate cure strategies, adjunctive therapies are greatly needed. HIV imaging, cerebrospinal fluid, and pathological studies point to the presence of continual inflammation, and the presence of HIV RNA, DNA, and proteins in the brain despite ART. Clinical trials exploring potential adjunctive therapeutics for the treatment of HIV NCI over the last few decades have had limited success. Ideally, future research and development of novel compounds need to address both the HIV replication and neuroinflammation associated with HIV infection in the brain. Brain mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) are the primary instigators of inflammation and HIV protein expression; therefore, adjunctive treatments that act on MPs, such as immunomodulating agents, look promising. In this review, we will highlight recent developments of innovative therapies and discuss future approaches for HIV NCI treatment.
Semiclassical approach to discrete symmetries in quantum chaos

We use semiclassical methods to evaluate the spectral two-point correlation function of quantum chaotic systems with discrete geometrical symmetries. The energy spectra of these systems can be divided into subspectra that are associated with irreducible representations of the corresponding symmetry group. We show that for (spinless) time-reversal invariant systems, the statistics inside these subspectra depends on the type of irreducible representation. For real representations the spectral statistics agrees with those of the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble of random matrix theory (RMT), whereas complex representations correspond to the Gaussian unitary ensemble (GUE). For systems without time-reversal invariance, all subspectra show GUE statistics. There are no correlations between non-degenerate subspectra. Our techniques generalize recent developments in the semiclassical approach to quantum chaos allowing one to obtain full agreement with the two-point correlation function predicted by RMT, including oscillatory contributions.
J an 2 01 9 STABILITY OF NON-LINEAR FILTERS AND OBSERVABILITY OF STOCHASTIC DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS

Filter stability is a classical problem for partially observed Markov processes (POMP). For a POMP, an incorrectly initialized non-linear ﬁlter is said to be stable if the ﬁlter eventually corrects itself with the arrival of new measurement information. In the literature, studies on the stability of non-linear ﬁlters either focus on the ergodic properties on the hidden Markov process, or the observability of the measurement channel. While notions of observability exist in the literature, they are diﬃcult to verify for many systems and speciﬁc examples of observable systems are mostly restricted to additive noise models. In this paper, we introduce a general deﬁnition of observability for stochastic non-linear dynamical systems and compare it with related ﬁndings in the literature. Our notion involves a functional characterization which is easily computed for a variety of systems as we demonstrate. Under this observability deﬁnition we establish ﬁlter stability results for a variety of criteria including weak merging and total variation merging, both in expectation and in an almost sure sense, as well as relative entropy. We consider the implications between these notions, which also unify various results in the literature in a concise manner. Our conditions, and the examples we study, complement and generalize the existing results on ﬁlter stability.
Gaussian Noise Suppression in Deadbeat Predictive Current Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Based on Augmented Fading Kalman Filter

The ultra-local model-based deadbeat predictive current control (ULM-DPCC) is attractive to a permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) drive for its rapid current response and robustness to the parameter changes. However, the accuracy suffers from the model noise and measurement noise in the application of ULM-DPCC to a PMSM drive. To improve the precision of current control under the uncertain Gaussian noise, an augmented fading Kalman filter-based ULM-DPCC (ULM-DPCC-AFKF) for the PMSM drive is proposed. First, the Kalman filter (KF) is employed to estimate the unknown part in ULM-DPCC. Second, to ameliorate the estimation performance under uncertain noise conditions, an augmented fading Kalman filter (AFKF) is proposed to adapt to changes in noise, and an appropriate reference voltage vector is obtained by combining ULM-DPCC and AFKF. In AFKF, the augmented fading factors are derived to make the AFKF observer work optimally, and high-precision current control for PMSM is achieved. Last, the availability of the proposed ULM-DPCC-AFKF strategy is proved via experiment and simulation under the different Gaussian noise.
Essential Dimension and Genericity for Quiver Representations

We study the essential dimension of representations of a fixed quiver with given dimension vector. We also consider the question of when the genericity property holds, i.e., when essential dimension and generic essential dimension agree. We classify the quivers satisfying the genericity property for every dimension vector and show that for every wild quiver the genericity property holds for infinitely many of its Schur roots. We also construct a large class of examples, where the genericity property fails. Our results are particularly detailed in the case of Kronecker quivers.
Brillouin Amplifier Noise Limiting With a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier for Coherent Communication Applications

Suppression of Brillouin amplifier intensity noise is demonstrated by use of a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) at its output to enhance application of its narrowband gain for boosting the carrier to noise ratio (CNR) of spectral lines in coherent communications. This utilizes the fast recovery time of the SOA gain in saturation to limit distortions induced when Brillouin gain is reduced from its maximum by detuning of the input frequency or state of polarization relative to the backward propagating pump. Although the SOA carrier dynamics associated with the varying gain also converts intensity noise to phase distortion, the similarly low bandwidth in the tens of megahertz range as for Brillouin gain permits its removal in communication applications by the same digital signal processing used to compensate the similarly slow phase error from coherent detection with a local oscillator laser. When applied to a spectral line with initial poor CNR of 19.5 dB/0.1 nm that is then boosted by Brillouin gain but at detuned input frequency of ∼±10 MHz from optimum (or 67% of a 30 MHz gain bandwidth), the SOA improves use of the SBA output as a carrier of 72 Gb/s 64-QAM signals with up to 2 dB higher Q2-factor at the receiver. Overall, SBA's benefit for noise suppression in combination with the SOA is extended to more flexible and wider ranging input parameters.
Planktothrix agardhii versus Planktothrix rubescens: Separation of Ecological Niches and Consequences of Cyanobacterial Dominance in Freshwater

Cyanobacteria dominate lakes under diverse trophic conditions. Of these, two harmful filamentous cyanobacterial species, namely Planktothrix agardhii and P. rubescens, occupy completely different ecological niches in which they can form dense populations. In the present study, we investigated the effects of environmental conditions on the growth and vertical distribution of these species in lakes of different trophic statuses. Moreover, we underscored certain inconveniences in the assessment of the ecological status of lakes according to the European Union Water Framework Directive. The highest biomass of P. agardhii was recorded in eutrophic lake at a depth of 0.5–1 m, under high light intensity. Meanwhile, the highest biomass of P. rubescens, at which the deep chlorophyll maximum was recorded, was observed in mesotrophic lakes at a depth of 11–12 m, often below the euphotic zone under very low light intensity. P. rubescens, but not P. agardhii, exerted a strong allelopathic effect on the diversity and biomass of phytoplankton. Moreover, both species utilised different dissolved nitrogen fractions for their growth; specifically, P. agardhii used ammonium nitrogen, whilst P. rubescens used nitrate nitrogen. Furthermore, dissolved phosphorus produced a potentially limiting effect on P. rubescens growth. Overall, the tested Polish PMPL, German PSI, and Estonian phytoplankton indices were indeed useful in the assessment of the ecological status of lakes, albeit limited to the eutrophic lake with a high biomass of cyanobacteria (P. agardhii) in the upper water layers. However, problems arose in the proper assessment of lakes with a high biomass of cyanobacteria (P. rubescens) with a deep chlorophyll maximum outside the range of the euphotic zone. In such cases, two of the tested indices, namely the Polish and German indices, allowed sample collection from the euphotic layers, which significantly affected the number of samples included in the calculation. Consequently, the correct calculation of the ecological status of the lake was uncertain. Only the Estonian index allowed for a sample collection from two to three thermal layers of water, including the bloom layer of P. rubescens. Hence, the Estonian index offered the best fit for calculations.
Blow-up and decay of solutions for a delayed Timoshenko equation with variable-exponents

This work deals with a Timoshenko equation with delay term and variable exponents. Firstly, we obtain the blow up of solutions for negative initial energy in a finite time. Later, we establish the decay results by using an integral inequality due to Komornik. These, improve and extend the previous studies in the literature.
A leader-election procedure using records

The study of the number of collisions in a Poisson-Dirichlet coalescent leads to the analysis of the following version of a stochastic leader-elec\-tion algorithm. Consider an infinite family of persons, labeled by $1,2,3,\ldots$, who generate iid random numbers from an arbitrary continuous distribution. Those persons who have generated a record value, that is, a value larger than the values of all previous persons, stay in the game, all others must leave. The remaining persons are relabeled by $1,2,3,\ldots$ maintaining their order in the first round, and the election procedure is repeated independently from the past and indefinitely. We prove limit theorems for a number of relevant functionals for this procedure, notably the number of rounds $T(M)$ until all persons among $1,\ldots,M$, except the first one, have left (as $M\to\infty$). For example, we show that the sequence $(T(M)-\log^{*}M)_{M\in\mathbb{N}}$, where $\log^{*}$ denotes the iterated logarithm, is tight, and study its weak subsequential limits. We further provide an appropriate and apparently new kind of normalization (based on tetrations) such that the original labels of persons who stay in the game until round $n$ converge (as $n\to\infty$) to some random non-Poissonian point process and study its properties. The results are applied to study subsequential distributional limits for the number of collisions in the Poisson-Dirichlet coalescent.
On a variant of random homogenization theory: convergence of the residual process and approximation of the homogenized coefficients

We consider the variant of stochastic homogenization theory introduced in [X. Blanc, C. Le Bris and P.-L. Lions, C. R. Acad. Sci. Serie I 343 (2006) 717–724. ; X. Blanc, C. Le Bris and P.-L. Lions, J. Math. Pures Appl. 88 (2007) 34–63. ]. The equation under consideration is a standard linear elliptic equation in divergence form, where the highly oscillatory coefficient is the composition of a periodic matrix with a stochastic diffeomorphism. The homogenized limit of this problem has been identified in [X. Blanc, C. Le Bris and P.-L. Lions, C. R. Acad. Sci. Serie I 343 (2006) 717–724. ]. We first establish, in the one-dimensional case, a convergence result (with an explicit rate) on the residual process, defined as the difference between the solution to the highly oscillatory problem and the solution to the homogenized problem. We next return to the multidimensional situation. As often in random homogenization, the homogenized matrix is defined from a so-called corrector function, which is the solution to a problem set on the entire space. We describe and prove the almost sure convergence of an approximation strategy based on truncated versions of the corrector problem.
B-H Curve Tracing by Magnetic Contact Force

This paper proposes a B-H curve tracing method for material by magnetic contact force. In general, material data used in electrical devices are measured by the Epstein frame and VSM. However, the Epstein frame is difficult to measure in the high magnetic field area, and the VSM is expensive. The proposed method in this paper tracks the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength inside the sample by measuring the force of the magnetic contact force sensor. Low-cost miniaturization is possible in a new way that is different from the existing method. The proposed method is explained in principle through a simple model and demonstrated through simulation.
Invariant and ergodic measures for G-diffusion processes

In this paper we study the problems of invariant and ergodic measures under G-expectation framework. In particular, the stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion have the unique invariant and ergodic measures. Moreover, the invariant and ergodic measures of G-SDEs are also sublinear expectations. However, the invariant measures may not coincide with ergodic measures, which is different from the classical case.
Photovoltaic Thermal Management in Luminescent Solar Concentrators

Photovoltaic (PV) performance is dependent on device operating temperature. We show that luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) redistribute absorbed radiation and thermalization losses away from the photovoltaic cell to the waveguide in an LSC, keeping the PV cell cooler. Here we compare PV operating temperatures in an LSC compared to a conventional planar absorber PV device. We further examine the effects of PV cell orientation and luminophore properties within the LSC waveguide on PV temperature. By modeling LSC module efficiencies, we finally analyze the effects of various LSC system configurations on PV performance, and suggest optimal luminophore designs to improve PV temperature coefficients.
Superiorized iteration based on proximal point method and its application to XCT image reconstruction

In this paper, we investigate how to determine a better perturbation for superiorized iteration. We propose to seek the perturbation by proximal point method. In our method, the direction and amount of perturbation are computed simultaneously. The convergence conditions are also discussed for bounded perterbation resilence iteration. Numerical experiments on simulated XCT projection data show that the proposed method improves the convergence rate and the image quality.