Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast Robust Logistic Regression for Large Sparse Datasets with Binary Outputs

Although popular and extremely well established in mainstream statistical data analysis, logistic regression is strangely absent in the ﬁeld of data mining. There are two possible explanations of this phenomenon. First, there might be an assumption that any tool which can only produce linear classiﬁcation boundaries is likely to be trumped by more modern nonlinear tools. Second, there is a legitimate fear that logistic regression cannot practically scale up to the massive dataset sizes to which modern data mining tools are applied. This paper consists of an empirical examination of the ﬁrst assumption, and surveys, implements and compares techniques by which logistic regression can be scaled to data with millions of attributes and records. Our results, on a large life sciences dataset, indicate that logistic regression can perform surprisingly well, both statistically and computationally, when compared with an array of more recent classiﬁcation algorithms.
The Structure of Rhythm

The issue addressed in this paper is the representation of rhythm, the language illustrating this issue will be Dutch. As is well known, Dutch allows for both leftward and rightward rhythmic shifts, cf. lichtpaars-felgeel ('light purple combined with bright yellow') and fototoestel ('camera'), which may be realized also as lichtpaars-felgeel and fototoestel. Given the wide array of rhythmic possibilities in Dutch (Visch 1989, 1999), a systematic investigation of structures in this language may reveal the options of rhythmic alternations available in general. A major step forward in our understanding of rhythm has been the introduction of morphosyntactically motivated bracketed grids for the representation of stress, cf. Hayes (1995), who presents a synthesized approach based on former insights of Liberman (1975), Liberman and Prince (1977), Prince (1983), Hammond (1984), Halle and Vergnaud (1987), Kager (1989), Visch (1989), Cinque (1993) and others. In essence, Hayes uses bracketed grids in two ways: vertically they represent stress, and horizontally rhythm. Both are needed to account for tonal contours: stress predicts the position of pitch accents and the scope of focus, whereas rhythm predicts aspects of tonal contours that correlate with different tapping patterns. The surprise-redundancy contour for fototoestel, for instance, may be realized in either of two ways: the low tone following H* aligns with toewhen the tapping pattern is trochaic (fototoestel) and it aligns with -stel if the tapping pattern is dactylic (fototoestel). After a short summary of the system proposed by Hayes, the system will be applied to a set of complex words and phrases. It turns out to be possible to derive rhythmic structures from stress structures with the rules of Beat Addition, Move x and Rhythmic Phrasing. Therefore, it is not necessary to develop a special component for the generation of rhythmic structures and to define rules for the mapping of rhythm and stress, as has been proposed in work on poetic meter (Kiparsky 1977, Prince 1989, Neijt 1993). The influence of pitch accents on rhythm, however, remains as much a mystery as it has been in frameworks preceding this one. The present set of rules predicts mismatches, which do indeed occur, but it cannot
Teaching semantics of programming languages with modular SOS

Most undergraduate courses on formal semantics are based on conventional Structural Operational Semantics (SOS) and/or Denotational Semantics. Typically, they give semantic descriptions of a series of small programming languages, starting from a very simple one, and subsequently extending it with various new features. For each extension, however, it is usually necessary to revisit the description of the constructs of the initial language, and reformulate it to take account of the new features - although the required reformulation is often so routine that it may be left as an exercise. In contrast, a course based on Modular SOS gives an independent description of each language construct, and no reformulation at all is needed when adding new features. Such a course has been given for 3rd-year undergraduates at the University of Aarhus, Denmark, 2001-2004. A further novelty of the course was to use substantial fragments of a real programming language (Standard ML) for illustration and exercises. Moreover, tool support for Modular SOS enabled the students to add their own descriptions of new constructs to a given language description, and to check empirically whether the resulting semantics of programs in the extended language was as intended.
The Role of Reflective Middleware in Supporting Flexible Security Policies

Next generation middleware must support applications in the face of increasing diversity in interaction paradigms, end system types and network styles. Therefore, to secure applications, flexible security policies must be configured and indeed reconfigured at runtime. In this paper, we propose an approach combining the openness of reflective middleware with the flexibility of programmable security to meet such demands. In particular, we build a security architecture based on the Gridkit reflective middleware platform and the Obol security protocol programming language. The paper then describes a case study that uses flexible policies in order to secure remote procedure calls and secure group communication. We also evaluate this approach in terms of its security properties, flexibility, ease of use and extensibility.
Conscious Reflection and Implicit Learning in Teacher Preparation. Part I: Recent light on an old issue

In spite of critiques by philosophers from Ryle through to Dreyfus, the assumption that acquisition and exercise of intelligent capability requires conscious contemplation has remained powerful in teacher education, apparently sustained by recent emphases on teacher thinking, cognitive-constructivist influences and Schon's promotion of reflection in professional learning. In this first of two linked papers I draw attention to recent empirical work and connectionist modelling within psychology as adding strong support and further articulation to these traditional critiques by way of evidencing a powerful role of implicit learning in the acquisition of capability. This in turn prompts a re-examination of the procedural-declarative/knowing how-knowing that distinction and a consideration of some of the many ways in which implicit and explicit processing may be involved in the deployment of human capability. A second paper to appear in the December issue of this journal will consider implications of this work.
The College Sports Reform Movement: Reframing the “Edutainment” Industry

Evidence abounds that college sports are rife with corruption. Over a century of reform efforts have failed to bring about lasting structural and cultural changes. Drawing on interview, participant observation, and archival data, the present study examines the diagnostic and prognostic framing of the contemporary college sports reform movement. The faculty-driven wing of the social movement has identified several problems with intercollegiate athletics including (1) commercialization; (2) university involvement in the entertainment industry; (3) damage to the integrity of higher education; (4) exploitation of athletes; and (5) harm to nonathletes. Reform proposals and strategies of The Drake Group and the Coalition on Intercollegiate Athletics are summarized and compared.
Lipid droplets are functionally connected to the endoplasmic reticulum in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cells store metabolic energy in the form of neutral lipids that are deposited within lipid droplets (LDs). In this study, we examine the biogenesis of LDs and the transport of integral membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to newly formed LDs. In cells that lack LDs, otherwise LD-localized membrane proteins are homogenously distributed in the ER membrane. Under these conditions, transcriptional induction of a diacylglycerol acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of the storage lipid triacylglycerol (TAG), Lro1, is sufficient to drive LD formation. Newly formed LDs originate from the ER membrane where they become decorated by marker proteins. Induction of LDs by expression of the second TAG-synthesizing integral membrane protein, Dga1, reveals that Dga1 itself moves from the ER membrane to concentrate on LDs. Photobleaching experiments (FRAP) indicate that relocation of membrane proteins from the ER to LDs is independent of temperature and energy, and thus not mediated by classical vesicular transport routes. LD-localized membrane proteins are homogenously distributed at the perimeter of LDs, they are free to move over the LD surface and can even relocate back into the ER, indicating that they are not restricted to specialized sites on LDs. These observations indicate that LDs are functionally connected to the ER membrane and that this connection allows the efficient partitioning of membrane proteins between the two compartments.
Interrelación entre disociación, absorción y propensidad a la fantasía con experiencias alucinatorias en poblaciónes no psicóticas

Correlations between dissociation, absorption and fantasy proneness with hallucinatory experiences in healthy population The continuum hypothesis of psychosis suggests that symptoms as well as hallucinations can make part of normal consciousness in the general population. In the present study we examined three factors hypothetically related to hallucinatory experiences: fantasy proneness, psychological absorption and dissociative experiences. We surveyed a sample of 650 university students of both sexes (24% males and 76% females; ages 17-57 years) and found significant differences in absorption (r= .61 p < .001) and ‐although somewhat less‐ fantasy proneness (r= .54; p < .001) and dissociation (r= .55; p < .001) with the total hallucination score. Given the consistency of our findings with regard to absorption, dissociation, and fantasy proneness, we conclude a validation of hallucinatory experiences in the normal population.
Effectiveness and limitations of beta-blocker therapy in congenital long-QT syndrome.

BACKGROUND beta-blockers are routinely prescribed in congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS), but the effectiveness and limitations of beta-blockers in this disorder have not been evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS The study population comprised 869 LQTS patients treated with beta-blockers. Effectiveness of beta-blockers was analyzed during matched periods before and after starting beta-blocker therapy, and by survivorship methods to determine factors associated with cardiac events while on prescribed beta-blockers. After initiation of beta-blockers, there was a significant (P<0.001) reduction in the rate of cardiac events in probands (0.97+/-1.42 to 0.31+/-0.86 events per year) and in affected family members (0. 26+/-0.84 to 0.15+/-0.69 events per year) during 5-year matched periods. On-therapy survivorship analyses revealed that patients with cardiac symptoms before beta-blockers (n=598) had a hazard ratio of 5.8 (95% CI, 3.7 to 9.1) for recurrent cardiac events (syncope, aborted cardiac arrest, or death) during beta-blocker therapy compared with asymptomatic patients; 32% of these symptomatic patients will have another cardiac event within 5 years while on prescribed beta-blockers. Patients with a history of aborted cardiac arrest before starting beta-blockers (n=113) had a hazard ratio of 12.9 (95% CI, 4.7 to 35.5) for aborted cardiac arrest or death while on prescribed beta-blockers compared with asymptomatic patients; 14% of these patients will have another arrest (aborted or fatal) within 5 years on beta-blockers. CONCLUSIONS beta-blockers are associated with a significant reduction in cardiac events in LQTS patients. However, syncope, aborted cardiac arrest, and LQTS-related death continue to occur while patients are on prescribed beta-blockers, particularly in those who were symptomatic before starting this therapy.
Discovering New Change Patterns in Object-Oriented Systems

Modern software has to evolve to meet the needs of stakeholders; but the nature and scope of this evolution is difficult to anticipate and manage. In this paper, we examine techniques which can discover interesting patterns of evolution in large object-oriented systems. To locate patterns, we use clustering to group together classes which change in the same manner at the same time. Then, we use dynamic time warping to find if a group of classes is similar to another when we ignore the exact moment when changes occur. Groups that exhibit distinctive evolution properties are potential candidates for new evolution patterns. Finally, in a study of two industrial open-source libraries, we identified four new types of change patterns whose usefulness is determined by perusal of the release notes and the architecture.
Enriching or Depleting? The Dynamics of Engagement in Work and Family Roles

This study develops a model of engagement in the multiple roles of work and family. I examine two competing arguments about the effects of engaging in multiple roles, depletion and enrichment, and integrate them by identifying the type of emotional response to a role, negative or positive, as a critical contrasting assumption held by these two perspectives. Moreover, I represent depletion and enrichment as complex multistep processes that include multiple constructs, such as engagement and emotion. This study jointly examines both the depleting and enriching processes that link engagement in one role to engagement in another, using structural equation modeling. Findings from a survey of 790 employees reveal evidence for both depletion and enrichment as well as gender differences. Specifically, depletion existed only for women and only in the work-to-family direction. Men experienced enrichment from work to family, while women experienced enrichment from family to work. Overall, more linkages were found between work and family for women than for men.
Capacity Expansion in Markets with Inter-Temporal Consumption Externalities

This paper analyses market capacity expansion in the presence of inter-temporal consumption externalities such as consumer learning, networks and bandwagon effects. An externality leads to an endogenous shift of market demand that responds to past market capacity. Whereas market capacity grows in waves, its magnitude depends on the degree of market concentration. The competitive environment contributes to S-shaped time patterns of market capacity expansion. On the other hand, using a low introductory price, a monopolist plans an initially larger amount of market cultivation than a competitive market capacity expansion.
Learning About the “Real World” in an Urban Arts Youth Program

To make the transition to adulthood, youth must learn to function in the complex and unpredictable “real world” of adult life. This is an intensive case study of an urban arts program that sought to provide youth with experiences that prepared them for the real world of arts careers. We conducted 75 interviews with 12 youth and their adult leader over three cycles of engagement with the real world. Analyses suggest that participants experienced a developmental process that entailed experiences of dissonance and challenge followed by active adaptive learning. The adult leaders played a critical role in supporting this developmental process through balancing to maintain an approximate fit between the challenges youth experienced and their abilities to respond to these challenges.
Sourcing and pricing strategies for two retailers in a decentralized supply chain system under supply disruption

Article history: Received July 20, 2011 Received in Revised form September, 22, 2011 Accepted 4 October 2011 Available online 6 October 2011 This paper presents the decentralized supply chain with two suppliers and two competing retailers. It also investigates the sourcing and pricing strategies of two retailers in a decentralized supply chain system under a supply disruption environment. These retailers face their individual stochastic demand markets; however, they compete with each other through a two-stage price and service operation. The interactive dynamics among retailers is characterized, including the existence and uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium in service and price games demonstrated. © 2012 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
How to Exploit Twitter for Public Health Monitoring?

Summary Objectives: Detecting hints to public health threats as early as possible is crucial to prevent harm from the population. However, many disease surveillance strategies rely upon data whose collection requires explicit reporting (data transmitted from hospitals, laboratories or physicians). Collecting reports takes time so that the reaction time grows. Moreover, context information on individual cases is often lost in the collection process. This paper describes a system that tries to address these limitations by processing social media for identifying information on public health threats. The primary objective is to study the usefulness of the approach for supporting the monitoring of a population's health status. Methods: The developed system works in three main steps: Data from Twitter, blogs, and forums as well as from TV and radio channels are continuously collected and filtered by means of keyword lists. Sentences of relevant texts are classified relevant or irrelevant using a binary classifier based on support vector machines. By means of statistical methods known from biosurveillance, the relevant sentences are further analyzed and signals are generated automatically when unexpected behavior is detected. From the generated signals a subset is selected for presentation to a user by matching with user queries or profiles. In a set of evaluation experiments, public health experts assessed the generated signals with respect to correctness and relevancy. In particular, it was assessed how many relevant and irrelevant signals are generated during a specific time period. Results: The experiments show that the system provides information on health events identified in social media. Signals are mainly generated from Twitter messages posted by news agencies. Personal tweets, i.e. tweets from persons observing some symptoms, only play a minor role for signal generation given a limited volume of relevant messages. Relevant signals referring to real world outbreaks were generated by the system and monitored by epidemiologists for example during the European football championship. But, the number of relevant signals among generated signals is still very small: The different experiments yielded a proportion between 5 and 20% of signals regarded as “relevant” by the users. Vaccination or education campaigns communicated via Twitter as well as use of medical terms in other contexts than for outbreak reporting led to the generation of irrelevant signals. Conclusions: The aggregation of information into signals results in a reduction of monitoring effort compared to other existing systems. Against expectations, only few messages are of personal nature, reporting on personal symptoms. Instead, media reports are distributed over social media channels. Despite the high percentage of irrele vant signals generated by the system, the users reported that the effort in monitoring aggregated information in form of signals is less demanding than monitoring huge social-media data streams manually. It remains for the future to develop strategies for reducing false alarms.
DOCS: Domain-Aware Crowdsourcing System

Crowdsourcing is a new computing paradigm that harnesses human effort to solve computer-hard problems, such as entity resolution and photo tagging. The crowd (or workers) have diverse qualities and it is important to effectively model a worker’s quality. Most of existing worker models assume that workers have the same quality on different tasks. In practice, however, tasks belong to a variety of diverse domains, and workers have different qualities on different domains. For example, a worker who is a basketball fan should have better quality for the task of labeling a photo related to ‘Stephen Curry’ than the one related to ‘Leonardo DiCaprio’. In this paper, we study how to leverage domain knowledge to accurately model a worker’s quality. We examine using knowledge base (KB), e.g., Wikipedia and Freebase, to detect the domains of tasks and workers. We develop Domain Vector Estimation, which analyzes the domains of a task with respect to the KB. We also study Truth Inference, which utilizes the domain-sensitive worker model to accurately infer the true answer of a task. We design an Online Task Assignment algorithm, which judiciously and efficiently assigns tasks to appropriate workers. To implement these solutions, we have built DOCS, a system deployed on the Amazon Mechanical Turk. Experiments show that DOCS performs much better than the state-of-the-art approaches.
Activation of cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase by Protein Kinase C*

The cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKG) are emerging as important components of mainstream signal transduction pathways. Nitric oxide-induced cGMP formation by stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase is generally accepted as being the most widespread mechanism underlying PKG activation. In the present study, PKG was found to be a target for phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-responsive protein kinase C (PKC). PKG1α became phosphorylated in HEK-293 cells stimulated with PMA and also in vitro using purified components. PKC-dependent phosphorylation was found to activate PKG as measured by phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, and by in vitro kinase assays. Although there are 11 potential PKC substrate recognition sites in PKG1α, threonine 58 was examined due to its proximity to the pseudosubstrate domain. Antibodies generated against the phosphorylated form of this region were used to demonstrate phosphorylation in response to PMA treatment of the cells with kinetics similar to vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation. A phospho-mimetic mutation at this site (T58E) generated a partially activated PKG that was more sensitive to cGMP levels. A phospho-null mutation (T58A) revealed that this residue is important but not sufficient for PKG activation by PKC. Taken together, these findings outline a novel signal transduction pathway that links PKC stimulation with cyclic nucleotide-independent activation of PKG.
Using multiscale norms to quantify mixing and transport

Mixing is relevant to many areas of science and engineering, including the pharmaceutical and food industries, oceanography, atmospheric sciences and civil engineering. In all these situations one goal is to quantify and often then to improve the degree of homogenization of a substance being stirred, referred to as a passive scalar or tracer. A classical measure of mixing is the variance of the concentration of the scalar, which is the L2 norm of a mean-zero concentration field. Recently, other norms have been used to quantify mixing, in particular the mix-norm as well as negative Sobolev norms. These norms have the advantage that unlike variance they decay even in the absence of diffusion, and their decay corresponds to the flow being mixing in the sense of ergodic theory. General Sobolev norms weigh scalar gradients differently, and are known as multiscale norms for mixing. We review the applications of such norms to mixing and transport, and show how they can be used to optimize the stirring and mixing of a decaying passive scalar. We then review recent work on the less-studied case of a continuously replenished scalar field—the source–sink problem. In that case the flows that optimally reduce the norms are associated with transport rather than mixing: they push sources onto sinks, and vice versa.