Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large Scale Lexeme Based Arabic Morphological Generation

Cet article presente Aragen, un systeme de generation morphologique pour l’arabe a large couverture base sur la notion de lexeme. Aragen utilise les bases de donnees de l’analyseur morphologique de Buckwalter, avec un algorithme adapte pour la generation. La construction d’Aragen a aussi necessite l’extension de la base de donnees morphologiques pour aboutir a une representation basee sur la notion de lexeme et de traits. L’evaluation de la couverture d’Aragen montre qu’Aragen produit des resultats significativement meilleurs qu’un systeme de comparaison simple.
Semen quality and reproductive endocrine function in relation to biomarkers of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper in men.

Blood lead (BPb), activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP), blood cadmium (BCd), serum zinc (SZn), seminal fluid zinc (SfZn), serum copper (SCu), and parameters of semen quality and of reproductive endocrine function were measured in 149 healthy male industrial workers 20-43 years of age. The group contained 98 subjects with slight to moderate occupational exposure to Pb and 51 reference subjects. All of the subjects lived in Zagreb, Croatia. Significant (p < 0.05) correlations of BPb, ALAD, and/or EP with reproductive parameters indicated a Pb-related decrease in sperm density, in counts of total, motile, and viable sperm, in the percentage and count of progressively motile sperm, in parameters of prostate secretory function (SfZn, acid phosphatase, and citric acid in seminal fluid), and an increase in abnormal sperm head morphology, serum testosterone, and estradiol. These associations were confirmed by results of multiple regression, which also showed significant (p < 0. 05) influence of BCd, SZn, SCu, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, or age on certain reproductive parameters. These effects were mainly of lower rank and intensity as compared to Pb-related reproductive effects, whereas BCd contributed to a decrease in sperm motility and an increase in abnormal sperm morphology and serum testosterone. No significant Pb- or Cd-related influence was found on levels of the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme LDH-C(4) and fructose in seminal fluid or on follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin in serum. The seminal fluid concentrations of Pb (SfPb) and Cd (SfCd) were measured in 118 of the 149 subjects, and a highly significant (p < 0.0001) correlation was found between BPb and SfPb levels (r = 0.571) and between BCd and SfCd levels (r = 0.490). The overall study results indicate that even moderate exposures to Pb (BPb < 400 microg/L) and Cd (BCd < 10 microg/L) can significantly reduce human semen quality without conclusive evidence of impairment of male reproductive endocrine function. ImagesFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3Figure 4Figure 5
meets the eye Molecular regulation of visual system development : more than

References http://www.genesdev. org/cgi/content/full/21/4/367#References This article cites 117 articles, 43 of which can be accessed free at: service Email alerting click here top right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the Topic collections (29 articles) Neurobiology  Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections
Letter‐position encoding and dyslexia

This article focuses on applying the SERIOL model of orthographic processing to dyslexia. The model is extended to include a phonological route and reading acquisition. We propose that the temporal alignment of serial orthographic and phonological representations is a key aspect of learning to read, driving the formation of a phonemic encoding. The phonemic encoding and the serial representations are mutually reinforcing, leading to automatic, proficient processing of letter strings. A breakdown in any component of this system leads to the failure to form stringspecific phonological and visual representations, resulting in impaired reading ability.
EGCG Blocked Phenylephrin-Induced Hypertrophy in H9C2 Cardiomyocytes, by Activating AMPK-Dependent Pathway

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key regulator of energy metabolism. Previous studies have shown that activation of AMPK results in suppression of cardiac myocyte hypertrophy via inhibition of the p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) and eukaryotic elongation factor-2 (eEF2) signaling pathways. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol found in green tea, possesses multiple protective effects on the cardiovascular system including cardiac hypertrophy. However, the molecular mechanisms has not been well investigated. In this study, we found that EGCG could significantly reduce natriuretic peptides type A (Nppa), brain natriuretic polypeptide (BNP) mRNA expression and decrease cell surface area in H9C2 cardiomyocytes stimulated with phenylephrine (PE). Moreover, we showed that AMPK is activated in H9C2 cardiomyocytes by EGCG, and AMPK-dependent pathway participates in the inhibitory effects of EGCG on cardiac hypertrophy. Taken together, our findings provide the first evidence that the effect of EGCG against cardiac hypertrophy may be attributed to its activation on AMPK-dependent signaling pathway, suggesting the therapeutic potential of EGCG on the prevention of cardiac remodeling in patients with pressure overload hypertrophy.
An Improved Deterministic SoS Channel Simulator for Multiple Uncorrelated Rayleigh Fading Channels

The generation of multiple uncorrelated Rayleigh fading waveforms is often demanded for simulating wideband fading channels, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels, and diversity-combined fading channels. In this letter, an improved deterministic sum-of-sinusoids (SoS) channel simulator with a new parameter computation method is proposed to simulate a large number of uncorrelated Rayleigh fading processes. Compared with the existing SoS channel simulators, the proposed deterministic SoS model yields a much better simulation efficiency while still preserving satisfactory approximations to the desired statistical properties of the reference model.
Quantifying the Extent and Intensity of Adaptive Evolution

Evolvability is the capacity to create new adaptations, and especially new kinds of adaptations, through the evolutionary process. Evolvability is important both as a theoretical issue in biology and as a practical issue in evolutionary computation. But it is di cult to study evolvability, in part because it is di cult to objectively and feasibly quantify evolvability in a general enough way to compare it across di erent evolving systems.
Enhancing the integration of agri-food supply chains: theoretical issues and practical challenges in the UK malting barley supply chain

The purpose of this paper is to explore the issues that may affect the integration (i.e., the relationships) between the different actors that comprise a supply chain. Whist the theoretical part of the paper can be referred to any supply chain, the empirical part is focused on the UK barley to beer supply chain. The main motivation behind the topic is that improvements in the relationships amongst the different segments of a chain can enhance its efficiency and effectiveness, (e.g., through improvements in coordination and cooperation), and therefore, its competitiveness and long term sustainability. The paper is based on two complementary analyses: the first one consisted of a structural equation model (SEM) to determine those factors that affect the sustainability of relationships in the chain. The model is estimated based on a survey of 69 chain stakeholders. The second analysis comprised an in-depth case study based on an important malting-barley- to-beer supply chain in Eastern England, and had the purpose of providing further understanding of those aspects that were highlighted by the SEM. The overall results pointed out to five factors affecting the relationships in the malting barley to beer agri-food supply chain: communication, compatibility of aims in the supply chain, contractual relationships backed by professional regard and personal bonds; high levels of trust exist between the chain participants and a willingness to resolve any problems; and commercial benefit.
Maps , Places , and Worlds for Robots

Vision is a powerful sense that permits a robot to look around itself and gather information both about the immediate present and the near future. The future arrives through the more distant physical space through which the robot can move, and the possible actions and events that may arise. To know the future a robot needs to parse the world with the aid of its models and experience. Lasers and other active sensors have proven their ability to provide accurate geometric information. But context and the meaning of the space surrounding the robot, the objects and the actions they permit are only accessible with the more complete sensory input of vision. Vision as a sensor is computationally demanding, but resources have improved to make it practical. Moreover there has been a convergence of the interests of roboticists and vision scientists – both want to explore and act in the world. Many of us have accepted that we must learn the patterns of data using machine learning, but we must also integrate categorical descriptions of our world, prototypical information that no individual robot is yet capable of learning. Vision provides the anchoring for concepts. I will discuss recent advances and trends linking vision and robotics through spatial descriptions and the connections with objects, actions, and meaning.
Crack Identification of a Rotating Shaft with Integrated Wireless Sensor

Abstract This paper presents a novel real-time crack identification method to determine the position and depth of a transverse open crack on a rotating shaft. A newly developed wireless sensor capable of being mounted directly on the shaft is employed to monitor acceleration at different points of the shaft in a rotating coordinate system. The vibration parameters obtained from the wireless sensors and Finite Element Model provide operational data to perform Modal Analysis with different mock crack positions and depths, and an unique relation between the vibration parameters and crack characteristics is developed by Neural Networks Method working as function approximator to predict the crack size and location on the shaft. The method was experimentally validated and results have shown that the crack detection sensitivity parameters depend on the acceleration signals at different points of the shaft.
Improving Delay Performance in UMTS/WLAN Integrated Networks with Global Gateway Router

This paper presents efficient methods of vertical handoffs from UMTS to WLAN and vice versa in a loose coupling architecture. When a mobile terminal (MT) moves from UMTS to WLAN, it performs mobile IP (MIP) registration with home agent (HA). Subsequently, HA needs to perform location update signaling with UMTS network to make the MT reachable from UMTS. If HA is deployed at gateway GPRS support node (GGSN), all incoming packets from the Internet to an MT are routed via GGSN and average packet-delay increases when the MT is in loosely-coupled WLAN. MIP registration is also affected by the traffics between the Internet and UMTS. To avoid this problem, HA can be deployed in WLAN IP network, but handoff delay from WLAN to UMTS will be more because an MT cannot send MIP-registration request to HA before the establishment of PDP context in UMTS network. We propose efficient handoff methods with simple modification in GPRS tunneling protocol (GTP) and HA functionality by placing a global gateway router. Our ns-2 based simulation results show that the proposed technique improves MIP registration during handoff from UMTS to WLAN and vice versa. It also provides lower end-to-end packet delay for Internet services when an MT is residing in WLAN.
Foundations in microeconomic theory : a volume in honor of Hugo F. Sonnenschein

An Existence Theorem for the Second Best. - An Equilibrium Model with Involuntary Unemployment at Flexible, Competitive Prices and Wages. - Price Distortion and Potential Welfare. - The Manipulation of Social Choice Mechanisms That Do Not Leave 'Too Much' to Chance. - Residential Land Use. - Cournot Equilibrium with Free Entry. - Power, Majority Voting, and Linear Income Tax Schedules. - Sequential Bargaining as a Noncooperative Foundation for Walrasian Equilibrium. - Virtual Implementation in Iteratively Undominated Strategies: Complete Information. - Finitely Repeated Games. - Nonpaternalistic Sympathy and the Inefficiency of Consistent Intertemporal Plans. - Strategy-Proof Exchange. - Dynamic Monopoly with Nondurable Goods. - Signaling Games and Stable Equilibria. - Unobservable Investment and the Hold-up Problem. - The Implementation of Social Choice Functions via Social Choice Correspondences: A General Formulation and a Limit Result. - On the Existence of Pure and Mixed Strategy Nash Equilibria in Discontinuous Games. - Nash Equilibrium under Knightian Uncertainty: Breaking Down Backward Induction. - Extensive Form Reasoning in Normal Form Games. - Player Type Distributions as State Variables and Information Revelation in Zero Sum Repeated Games with Discounting. - Repeated Signalling Games and Dynamic Trading Relationships. - Impossibility of Strategy-Proof Mechanisms in Economies with Pure Public Goods.
Predicting future object states using learned affordances

The notion of affordances that was proposed by J.J. Gibson, refers to the action possibilities offered to the organism by its environment. In a previous formalization, affordances are defined as general relations that pertain to the robot-environment interaction and they are represented as triples which consist of the initial percept of the environment, the behavior applied and the effect produced. In this paper, we focus on the object affordances and propose a developmental method that enables the robot to ground symbolic object-based operators in its own continuous sensory-motor experiences. The method allows the robot to learn the object affordance relations which can be used to predict the change in the percept of the object when a certain behavior is executed.
E-Portfolios in Higher Education Settings: A Literature Review

Questions on how to (best) implement e-portfolios and what instructional outcomes to expect are discussed on many university campuses. While it is often proclaimed that eportfolios have great potential to engage students and promote deep learning, implementing eportfolios is a complex process. What should administrators, students, faculty and instructors expect when implementing e-portfolios in their program or course? Instructional orchestration, pedagogical goals, infrastructures, curricular integration, procedures for portfolio development, as well as feedback and assessment processes differ across institutions, programs and courses. Through a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature, the article offers a tour d’horizon of e-portfolios in the higher education landscape over the past decade. The analysis focuses specifically on empirical reports of portfolio goals, implementation and outcomes in courses or programs and can inform practitioners and researchers alike.
EWA: An exemplar-based watermarking attack

In this paper, we used image inpainting as a means for reconstruction of small damaged portions of a watermarked image so that the hidden watermark is not detectable afterwards. Our new watermarking attack algorithm extends the exemplar-based inpainting method, and then we apply it to intended noisy watermarked images to alter the watermark detection process. Our approach is completely free from any pre-assumption on the watermarking algorithm or any other parameters that is used during the watermark embedding procedure. The average PSNR/SSIM of the watermarked image after applying the proposed attack is more than 35/0.98 and the average NC for extracted watermark is lowers than 0.5, so theoretically, the watermark is not detectable.
Asset Inequality and Agricultural Growth: How Are Patterns of Asset Inequality Established and Reproduced?

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between distributions of asset inequality, how these distributions are created and maintained, and agricultural growth. We intend to investigate what policies and institutions tend to promote equally shared growth. The motivating question that guides our study is: How does differential access to productive assets in the agricultural sector, at various levels (regional, community and household), effect inequalities in agricultural outcomes in terms of productivity and poverty? The dominant discourse on agricultural productivity and distribution has been largely technocratic, focusing on input-output relationships, defined and measured with a yardstick specific to the discipline of economics. We review certain strands of this literature in depth. A less well-known strand of literature emphasises the social and political constructions and reproductions of a variety of inequalities. While this is a relatively small literature we use it to broaden our understanding of the processes and institutions that link inequality and productivity. Furthermore, we use Ethiopian agriculture as a case study to highlight the persistent nature of inequality as causally related to historical choices and path dependency. Rather than unidirectional causalities, what we observe is a complex system whereby inequality affects growth which in turn reinforces processes that exacerbate and reproduce inequalities.
Changes in Proteasome Structure and Function Caused by HAMLET in Tumor Cells

Background Proteasomes control the level of endogenous unfolded proteins by degrading them in the proteolytic core. Insufficient degradation due to altered protein structure or proteasome inhibition may trigger cell death. This study examined the proteasome response to HAMLET, a partially unfolded protein-lipid complex, which is internalized by tumor cells and triggers cell death. Methodology/Principal Findings HAMLET bound directly to isolated 20S proteasomes in vitro and in tumor cells significant co-localization of HAMLET and 20S proteasomes was detected by confocal microscopy. This interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation from extracts of HAMLET-treated tumor cells. HAMLET resisted in vitro degradation by proteasomal enzymes and degradation by intact 20S proteasomes was slow compared to fatty acid-free, partially unfolded α-lactalbumin. After a brief activation, HAMLET inhibited proteasome activity in vitro and in parallel a change in proteasome structure occurred, with modifications of catalytic (β1 and β5) and structural subunits (α2, α3, α6 and β3). Proteasome inhibition was confirmed in extracts from HAMLET-treated cells and there were indications of proteasome fragmentation in HAMLET-treated cells. Conclusions/Significance The results suggest that internalized HAMLET is targeted to 20S proteasomes, that the complex resists degradation, inhibits proteasome activity and perturbs proteasome structure. We speculate that perturbations of proteasome structure might contribute to the cytotoxic effects of unfolded protein complexes that invade host cells.
A framework for distributed incremental intrusion detection based on SVM

In order to share the knowledge of intrusion among distributed hosts and make the intrusion detect packages more efficient and reliable, a framework of distributed incremental intrusion detection based on SVM is proposed in the study. In this framework, the locate SVM detects the local attacks and take charge of collecting the new typical samples. A center SVM summarizes the distributed samples and incorporates them to build the incremental SVM for locals. The simulation experiments with KDD Cup 1999 data demonstrate that our proposed method achieves the increasing performance for intrusion detection. The framework is valuable to design distributed intrusion detection system.
Ground state of the massless Nelson model without infrared cutoff in a non-Fock representation

We consider a model of quantum particles coupled to a massless quantum scalar field, called the massless Nelson model, in a non-Fock representation of the time-zero fields which satisfy the canonical commutation relations. We show that the model has a ground state for all values of the coupling constant even in the case where no infrared cutoff is made. The non-Fock representation used is inequivalent to the Fock one if no infrared cutoff is made.
Sexual Diversity in Africa: Politics, Theory, and Citizenship

How does one address homophobia without threatening majority rule democracy and freedoms of speech and faith? How does one "Africanize" sexuality research, empirically and theoretically, in an environment that is not necessarily welcoming to African scholars? In Sexual Diversity in Africa, contributors critically engage with current debates about sexuality and gender identity, as well as with contentious issues relating to methodology, epistemology, ethics, and pedagogy. They present a tapestry of issues that testify to the complex nature of sexuality, sexual practices, and gender performance in Africa. Essays examine topics such as the well-established same-sex networks in Accra and Bamako, African "traditions" defined by European observers, and the bizarre mix of faith, pharmaceuticals, and pseudo-science used to "cure" homosexual men. Their evidence also demonstrates the indefensibility of over-simplified constructions of homosexuality versus heterosexuality, modern versus traditional, Africa versus the West, and progress from the African closet towards Western models of out politics, all of which have tainted research on same-sex practices and scientific studies of HIV/AIDS. Asserting that the study of sexuality is intellectually and politically sustainable in Africa, Sexual Diversity in Africa contributes to the theorization of sexualities by presenting a more sensitive and knowledgeable study of African experiences and perspectives. Contributors include Olajide Akanji, Christophe Broqua, Cheryl Cooky, Serena Owusua Dankwa, Shari L. Dworkin, Marc Epprecht, Melissa Hackman, Notisha Massaquoi, Crystal Munthree, Kathleen O'Mara, Stella Nyanzi, S.N. Nyeck, Vasu Reddy, Amanda Lock Swarr, and Lisa Wiebesiek.
Lessons for an Aging Society: The Political Sustainability of Social Security Systems

What is the future of social systems in OECD countries ? In our view, the answer belongs to the realm of politics. We evaluate how political constraints shape the social security system in six countries - France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK and the US - under population aging. Two main aspects of the aging process are relevant to the analysis. First, the increase in the dependency ratio - the ratio of retirees of workers - reduces the average profitability of the unfunded social security system, thereby inducing the agents to reduce the size of the system by substituting their claims towards future pensions with more private savings. Second, an aging electorate leads to larger systems, since it increases the relevance of pension spending on the policy-makers' agenda. The overall assessment from our simulations is that the political aspect dominates in all countries, albeit with some differences. Spain, the fastest aging country, faces the largest increase in the social security contribution rate. When labor market considerations are introduced, the political effect still dominates, but it is less sizeable. Country specific characteristics (not accounted for in our simulations), such as the degree of redistribution in the pension system and the existence of family ties in the society, may also matter. Our simulations deliver a strong policy implication: an increase in the effective retirement age always decreases the size of the system chosen by the voters, while often increasing its generosity. Finally, delegation of pension policy to the EC may reduce political accountability and hence help to reform the systems.