Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Low-Cost Microfluidic and Optically Transparent Water Antenna with Frequency-Tuning Characteristics

In this study, a novel microfluidic frequency reconfigurable and optically transparent water antenna is designed using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. The proposed antenna consists of three distinct parts, including a circularly shaped distilled water ground, a sea water-based circular segmented radiator, and a circularly shaped distilled water-based load, all ingeniously constructed from transparent resin material. The presented antenna is excited by a disk-loaded probe. The frequency of the antenna can be easily tuned by filling and emptying/evacuating sea water from the multisegmented radiator. The radiator consists of three segments with different radii, and each segment has a different resonant frequency. When the radiator is filled, the antenna resonates at the frequency of the segment that is filled. When all the radiator segments are filled, the antenna operates at the resonant frequency of 2.4 GHz and possesses an impedance bandwidth of 1.05 GHz (40%) in the range of 2.10–3.15 GHz. By filling different radiator segments, the frequency could be tuned from 2.4 to 2.6 GHz. In addition to the frequency-switching characteristics, the proposed antenna exhibits high simulated radiation efficiency (with a peak performance reaching 95%) and attains a maximum realized gain of 3.8 dBi at 2.9 GHz. The proposed antenna integrates water as its predominant constituent, which is easily available, thereby achieving cost-effectiveness, compactness, and transparency characteristics; it also has the potential to be utilized in future applications, involving transparent and flexible electronics.
Crustal architecture and deep structure of the Ninetyeast Ridge hotspot trail from active‐source ocean bottom seismology

A 550-km-long transect across the Ninetyeast Ridge, a major Indian ocean hotspot trail, provided seismic refraction and wide-angle reflection data recorded on 60 ocean bottom instruments. About 24 000 crustal and 15 000 upper mantle arrivals have been picked and used to derive an image of the hotspot track. Two approaches have been chosen: (i) a first-arrival tomographic inversion yielding crustal properties; and (ii) forward modelling of mantle phases revealing the structure at the crust–mantle boundary region and of the uppermost mantle. Away from the volcanic edifice, seismic recordings show the typical phases from oceanic crust, that is, two crustal refraction branches (Pg), a wide-angle reflection from the crust–mantle boundary (PmP) and a wave group turning within the upper mantle (Pn). Approaching the edifice, three additional phases have been detected. We interpret these arrivals as a wide-angle reflection from the base of material trapped under the pre-hotspot crust (Pm2P) and as a wide-angle reflection (PnP) and its associated refraction branch (PN) from a layered upper mantle. The resulting models indicate normal oceanic crust to the west and east of the edifice. Crustal thickness averages 6.5–7 km. Wide-angle reflections from both the pre-hotspot and the post-hotspot crust–mantle boundary suggest that the crust under the ridge has been bent downwards by loading the lithosphere, and hotspot volcanism has underplated the pre-existing crust with material characterized by seismic velocities intermediate between those of mafic lower crustal and ultramafic upper mantle rocks (7.5–7.6 km s−1). In total, the crust is up to ≈ 24 km thick. The ratio between the volume of subcrustal plutonism forming the underplate and extrusive and intrusive volcanism forming the edifice is about 0.7. An important observation is that underplating continued to the east under the Wharton Basin. During the shield-building phase, however, Ninetyeast Ridge was located adjacent to the Broken Ridge and was subsequently pulled apart along a transform fault boundary. Therefore, underplating eastwards of the fracture zone separating the edifice from the Wharton Basin suggests that prolonged crustal growth by subcrustal plutonism occurred over millions of years after the major shield-building stage. This fact, however, requires mantle flow along the fossil hotspot trail. The occurrence of PnP and PN arrivals is probably associated with a layered and anisotropic upper mantle due to the preferential alignment of olivine crystals and may have formed by rising plume material which spread away under the base of the lithosphere.
Human-Robot Deformation Manipulation Skill Transfer: Sequential Fabric Unfolding Method For Robots

Deformable object manipulation has been considered a challenging task for robots for its complex dynamics and the infinite dimensional configuration space. Fabric unfolding manipulation takes on critical significance in the textile industry and household services. Accordingly, enabling robots to possess the above-mentioned skill has been confirmed as a crucial and challenging task. In this study, a general framework is developed for transferring human skills to robots in fabric unfolding manipulation. The developed framework comprises two key components (i.e., behavior cloning to learn human unfolding policy and learning from demonstration to transfer unfolding actions). A mixture density network is introduced, with the aim of addressing the multimodality in human policy. Moreover, task parameter weighting is considered during action generalization to adapt to a wide variety of unfolding scenarios. As revealed by the experimental results of this study, the framework can successfully unfold fabrics of different colors and sizes, and its performance can be comparable to human-level operation. Furthermore, the framework also can be applied to garment unfolding, and experiments suggest that it exhibits generalization.
Inhibitory Activity of 4-Benzylidene Oxazolones Derivatives of Cinnamic Acid on Human Acetylcholinesterase and Cognitive Improvements in a Mouse Model

We synthesized seven (Z)-benzylidene-2-(E)-styryloxazol-5(4H)-ones derivatives of cinnamic acid and evaluated the ability of these compounds to inhibit human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE). The most potent compound was evaluated for cognitive improvement in short-term memory. The seven compounds reversibly inhibited the hAChE between 51 and 75% at 300 μM, showed an affinity (Ki) from 2 to 198 μM, and an IC50 from 9 to 246 μM. Molecular docking studies revealed that all binding moieties are involved in the non-covalent interactions with hAChE for all compounds. In addition, in silico pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out to predict the compounds’ blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability. The most potent inhibitor of hAChE significantly improved cognitive impairment in a modified Y-maze test (5 μmol/kg) and an Object Recognition Test (10 μmol/kg). Our results can help the rational design of hAChE inhibitors to work as potential candidates for treating cognitive disorders.
DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL CONTROLLABLE KEY INDICATOR OF CALL CENTER IN ORDER TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY FOR GENERATING INCOME

This paper focuses on call centers, which have become a common means of communication with potential customers in various companies. Specifically, this paper analyzes call center data and the importance of assessing key indicators for evaluating call center performance. The questions this paper addresses are the criteria for evaluating call center quality and the methods for analyzing call center data. Previous research has shown the significance of call centers as the "face of the company," with the quality of their work reflecting how efficiently a company will serve its customers ' requests in the future. The main goal of this paper is to fill a gap in previous research by identifying the main controlled key indicator for call center quality and to suggest ways to improve efficiency. By using analytical methods to examine call center data, this paper identifies the most important criteria for call center quality and provides recommendations for enhancing service quality. The main findings of this paper show the importance of call center operator performance in determining call center performance which affects company revenue. By evaluating key indicators such as the number of operators, this paper demonstrates how call centers can reduce service costs and improve efficiency. During the analysis using call center data for two years, it turned out that the company had expenses 1/3 of the total amount of maintenance compared to the previous year, which is not effective in terms of economy. Operational planning has a direct impact on operators’ costs and the main cost component is the hourly cost of operators. If optimal planning turns out to be at least 10% better than the arrangement set in the call center, company will save a good amount. The significance of this paper lies in its potential to improve the quality of service in call centers and its contribution to the field of customer service management. By providing insight into the importance of call center efficiency, this research offers recommendations for predicting the optimal number of operators to improve the customer experience with reducing service costs.
Three dimensional finite-element forward modelling of electromagnetic data using potentials and un- structured meshes

We deal with a finite-element solution to 3D geophysical electromagnetic problems. By decomposing the electric field into vector and scalar potentials, the system of equations is formed. The computational domain is subdivided into unstructured tetrahedral grids. Both edge and nodal basis functions are used to find approximate solutions for the potentials. The goal is to investigate how vector and scalar potentials, and therefore inductive and galvanic components, contribute to the resulting electric field.
Ferroelectric FET Nonvolatile Sense-Amplifier-Based Flip-Flops for Low Voltage Operation

Nonvolatile processors (NVPs) are promising for energy-constrained internet-of-things applications in which frequent switch to standby mode occurs due to their fast and energy-efficient backup and restore operations of locally embedded nonvolatile flip-flops (NV-FFs) with zero leakage current. In addition, the most effective method to reduce dynamic energy consumption is to lower the supply voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{DD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The sense-amplifier-based flip-flop (SAFF) is considered a suitable choice for the low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{DD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> operation, since it does not suffer from setup time degradation as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{DD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> lowers. This study presents two ferroelectric FET (FeFET) nonvolatile SAFFs (FeFET NV-SAFF-1 and -2) that exhibit significantly low sequencing overhead (setup time + clock-to-Q time) at low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{DD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and consume low operating energy in the range of femto joules with compact layout area. The FeFET NV-SAFF-1 can operate robustly at low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{DD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> even with a low resistance ratio. The FeFET NV-SAFF-2 has no area overhead and achieves the best power-performance-area at low <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{DD}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> among state-of-the-art and proposed FeFET NV-FFs.
Associating Michigan climate with low-level airflow trajectories and atmospheric teleconnections

The climate of Michigan is influenced by airflow circulation associated with atmo spheric teleconnections. Previous studies have investigated mid-level airflow and atmospheric teleconnections, while low-level airflow has had less attention. Analyses of low-level airflow trajectories and atmospheric teleconnection associations are presented for a location in Lower Michigan. Airflow trajectories, which provide an important approach to monitoring changes in atmo spheric circulation, are used to represent the low-level circulation during 1950−2011. A 5-day back-trajectory climatology for the 925 hPa pressure level was developed using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis data archive. Low-level and mid-level circulation associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Pacific/North American pattern (PNA), and El Niño/La Niña (NINO3.4) highlighted advection of heat and moisture during particular times of the year and the presence of single or simultaneous strong atmospheric teleconnections. The results indicate that airflow associated with teleconnections often differs seasonally. Additionally, trajectory patterns vary, based on whether a single strong teleconnection is present or if 2 strong teleconnections are coexisting. Using low-level airflow anomalies assists in bridging the gap between local-scale climate anomalies, such as temperature and precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections. While a climatological study is presented here, the knowledge obtained could be applied in modeling and contribute to improved mediumand long-range forecasts.
Capturing the Onset of Mountain Snowmelt Runoff Using Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar

The timing of snowmelt runoff is critical for water resource applications, but its spatiotemporal evolution remains poorly understood. We present a scalable approach to map snowmelt runoff onset using Sentinel‐1 synthetic aperture radar data for the past 8 years with 10 m spatial resolution and a median temporal resolution of 3.9 days. A systematic analysis of stratovolcanoes in the Western United States showed that snowmelt runoff onset is strongly dependent on elevation (r = 0.81), with a median runoff onset lapse rate of 4.9 days per 100 m of elevation gain. During the 2015 snow drought, we observed snowmelt runoff onset 25 days early relative to the 2015–2022 median. We document a median shift in snowmelt runoff onset of +2.0 days later in the year per year between 2016 and 2022. Our open‐source tools can be used to create snowmelt runoff onset maps anywhere on Earth.
Divergent karyotypes in five genera of the African endemic fish family Distichodontidae (Cithariniformes, Osteichthyes)

﻿Abstract The African family Distichodontidae comprises 109 species in 16 genera. Up-to-date cytogenetic information was available for the only distichodontid species Distichodusaffinis Günther, 1873. Here we report chromosome number and morphology in: Distichodusengycephalus Günther, 1864 (2n = 52, FN = 104), Ichthyborusbesse (Joannis, 1835) (2n = 46, FN = 92), Nannocharaxniloticus (Joannis, 1835) (2n = 54, FN = 106) and three taxa, Nannaethiopsbleheri Géry et Zarske, 2003, Nannaethiops sp. , and Neolebiasunifasciatus Steindachner, 1894, that exhibit the same karyotypes (2n = 50, FN = 98). To confirm the Nannaethiops Günther, 1872 and Neolebias Steindachner, 1894 species identification, mt-DNA sequences of the two markers (COI and 16S rRNA) were obtained from karyotyped specimens and compared with the relevant sequences accessible from GenBank. The great prevalence of biarmed chromosomes (the karyotypes of most species contain exclusively biarmed chromosomes) is a distinctive characteristic of Distichodontidae and Cithariniformes as a whole.
Agronomic strategies to enhance the early vigor and yield of maize. Part I: the role of seed applied biostimulant, hybrid and starter fertilization on rhizosphere bacteria profile and diversity

The sustainable intensification of maize-based systems may reduce greenhouse-gas emissions and the excessive use of non-renewable inputs. Considering the key role that the microbiological fertility has on crop growth and resilience, it is worth of interest studying the role of cropping system on the rhizosphere bacterial communities, that affect soil health and biological soil fertility. In this work we monitored and characterized the diversity and composition of native rhizosphere bacterial communities during the early growth phases of two maize genotypes of different early vigor, using a nitrogen (N)-phosphorus (P) starter fertilization and a biostimulant seed treatment, in a growth chamber experiment, by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of partial 16S rRNA gene and amplicon sequencing. Cluster analyses showed that the biostimulant treatment affected the rhizosphere bacterial microbiota of the ordinary hybrid more than that of the early vigor, both at plant emergence and at the 5-leaf stage. Moreover, the diversity indices calculated from the community profiles, revealed significant effects of NP fertilization on richness and the estimated effective number of species (H2 ) in both maize genotypes, while the biostimulant had a positive effect on plant growth promoting community of the ordinary hybrid, both at the plant emergence and at the fifth leaf stage. Our data showed that maize genotype was the major factor shaping rhizosphere bacterial community composition suggesting that the root system of the two maize hybrids recruited a different microbiota. Moreover, for the first time, we identified at the species and genus level the predominant native bacteria associated with two maize hybrids differing for vigor. These results pave the way for further studies to be performed on the effects of cropping system and specific crop practices, considering also the application of biostimulants, on beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms.
Recovery Pattern in Diversity and Species of Ground Vegetation and Amf in Reclaimed Coal Mine Dumps of Korba (India)

Two, three and five years old biologically reclaimed coal mine dumps located in 13 km radius of Korba area (Chhattisgarh, India) namely Kusmunda, Dipika and Manikpur coal mine sites of South Eastern Coal Field Limited were selected and treated as replicates to study the status of ground vegetation and AMF in relation to nutrient status and age of the dumps. These attributes were compared with nearby Sal (Shorea robusta) forest area. We have noticed that the mining activities created a huge amount of overburden dumps adversely affected the natural vegetation, soil microbial populations and soil nutrient status. Fresh dumps devoid any vegetation but with increasing age of the dumps reclaimed through different tree species, the number of ground species were increased on dumps. The
"Culturally relevant schooling in Nunavut: Views of secondary school educators"

The Nunavut Department of Education is committed to creating culturally relevant Nunavut secondary schools using, as a foundation, the principles of Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (Inuit traditional knowledge and learning), bilingualism, and inclusive schooling. This paper focuses on the voices of Nunavut secondary school educators by building upon the results of the Sivuniksamut Ilinniarniq research project, which explored multiple graduation options for Nunavut youth and was conducted by the Nunavut Department of Education in 2004. Some of the data for this research project came from a survey of secondary school educators. The open-ended responses revealed three main themes: the role of Inuit language and culture in Nunavut education; an increased role for family and community; and concerns about student engagement. An overview of the initial survey results as well as further qualitative analysis and discussion of the three main themes is provided. For current educational planning, it is necessary to understand how the majority non-Inuit secondary school educators view the Nunavut school system and the possible assumptions embedded within these views.
OPTIMISING IRRIGATION SCHEDULING OF PORTABLE OVERHEAD SYSTEMS: A SIMULATION STUDY

Irrigation scheduling aims to minimise yield loss and water wastage. Scheduling decisions for portable overhead (dragline) systems are complex because one irrigation cycle lasts several days and soil water content (SWC) can vary considerably within a field. The MyCanesim irrigation scheduling system accounts for this by comparing simulated SWC of different positions in the field with depletion thresholds that are determined from soil water holding capacity and the expected evapotranspiration during the current irrigation cycle. The aim was to investigate the impact of different depletion thresholds on simulated irrigation, water wastage, cane yield and profitability under dragline irrigation. Results suggest that higher economic margins, and less irrigation and water wastage can be obtained on shallow soils in a humid climate by reducing depletion thresholds. It is recommend that depletion thresholds be automatically adjusted in the MyCanesim system by taking into account soil water holding capacity, drainage properties and long-term mean rainfall-evapotranspiration differences.
Influence of Irrigation Levels on Morphological Attributes and Yield of Tomato under Current and Climate Change Conditions

Water shortage consider on of the main threats facing the agriculture, mainly in the Mediterranean area. So that there is a great need to apply new methods to water resource management. The crop models are used to achieve this objective. Tomato is a significant vegetable crop globally and represent an important part of horticultural production with 180 million tons produced on over five million hectares even though few studies have validated the AquaCrop model, especially in Egypt. This study was conducted in a protected cultivation experimental farm, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt during the winter seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. Different irrigation levels (IL): 55%, 70%, 85%, 100%, and 115% of evapotranspiration (Eto) were applied on to - mato. Plant growth parameters, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), yield, fruit quality and plant nutrients (NPK) were recorded at both seasons. Also, the aforementioned irrigation levels were used to validate the AquaCrop model on different climate change scenarios on tomato productivity in 2050 and 2100. The findings revealed that the highest plant growth parameters were obtained in 85% and 100% Eto as compared to all treatments at both seasons. In contrast, the 55% of Eto obtained the lowest values of all plant growth parameters. The number of fruits/ plant, early yield, and total yield of 100% Eto were ranked secondly. Fruits quality was significantly affected by the tested ILs. The highest values of TSS, firmness and vit C of tomato fruits were obtained by 55% followed by 70% Eto. The lowest proline content was recorded at 115% of Eto in both seasons. The content of proline in plants of 70% Eto ranked secondly after 55% of Eto in both seasons. The results of AquaCrop model (Version 7.0) revealed that the crop productivity decreased by 4% and 33% of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively, of the years 2050, 14% and 44% for the same scenarios, respectively, of the year 2100.