Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A conserved RNA-protein complex component involved in physiological germline apoptosis regulation in C. elegans

Two conserved features of oogenesis are the accumulation of translationally quiescent mRNA, and a high rate of stage-specific apoptosis. Little is understood about the function of this cell death. In C. elegans, apoptosis occurring through a specific `physiological' pathway normally claims about half of all developing oocytes. The frequency of this germ cell death is dramatically increased by a lack of the RNA helicase CGH-1, orthologs of which are involved in translational control in oocytes and decapping-dependent mRNA degradation in yeast processing (P) bodies. Here, we describe a predicted RNA-binding protein, CAR-1, that associates with CGH-1 and Y-box proteins within a conserved germline RNA-protein (RNP) complex, and in cytoplasmic particles in the gonad and early embryo. The CGH-1/CAR-1 interaction is conserved in Drosophila oocytes. When car-1 expression is depleted by RNA interference (RNAi), physiological apoptosis is increased, brood size is modestly reduced, and early embryonic cytokinesis is abnormal. Surprisingly, if apoptosis is prevented car-1(RNAi) animals are characterized by a progressive oogenesis defect that leads rapidly to gonad failure. Elevated germ cell death similarly compensates for lack of the translational regulator CPB-3 (CPEB), orthologs of which function together with CGH-1 in diverse organisms. We conclude that CAR-1 is of critical importance for oogenesis, that the association between CAR-1 and CGH-1 has been conserved, and that the regulation of physiological germ cell apoptosis is specifically influenced by certain functions of the CGH-1/CAR-1 RNP complex. We propose that this cell death pathway facilitates the formation of functional oocytes, possibly by monitoring specific cytoplasmic events during oogenesis.
Teratosphaeria nubilosa, a serious leaf disease pathogen of Eucalyptus spp. in native and introduced areas.

BACKGROUND Teratosphaeria nubilosa is a serious leaf pathogen of several Eucalyptus spp. This review considers the taxonomic history, epidemiology, host associations and molecular biology of T. nubilosa. TAXONOMY Kingdom Fungi; Phylum Ascomycota; Class Dothideomycetes; Order Capnodiales; Family Teratosphaeriaceae; genus Teratosphaeria; species nubilosa. IDENTIFICATION Pseudothecia hypophyllous, less so amphigenous, ascomata black, globose becoming erumpent, asci aparaphysate, fasciculate, bitunicate, obovoid to ellipsoid, straight or incurved, eight-spored, ascospores hyaline, non-guttulate, thin walled, straight to slightly curved, obovoid with obtuse ends, medially one-septate, slightly constricted at the median septum, tapering to both ends, ascospore germination type F, germinating from both ends, germ tubes growing parallel to the long axis of the spore with distortion of the primary ascospore cell. HOST RANGE Teratosphaeria nubilosa is a primary pathogen of several Eucalyptus spp. , including E. botryoides, E. bicostata, E. bridgesiana, E. cypellocarpa, E. dunnii, E. globulus ssp. bicostata, E. globulus ssp. globulus, E. globulus ssp. maidenii, E. globulus ssp. pseudoglobulus, E. grandis, E. gunnii, E. nitens, E. pilularis, E. quadrangulata, E. viminalis, E. grandis x E. resinifera and E. urophylla x E. globulus. DISEASE SYMPTOMS Leaf spots predominantly occur on juvenile Eucalyptus foliage; however, T. nubilosa has also recently been found on mature Eucalyptus foliage. Leaf spots are amphigenous, varying in size from small spots that are round to irregular. Lesions enlarge and coalesce to form larger blotches over the leaf surface. Initial lesions appear as pale-green spots surrounded by purple margins and, once mature, are generally yellow to pale brown with dark-brown raised borders. USEFUL WEBSITES Mycobank, http://www.mycobank. org; Mycosphaerella identification website, http://www.cbs. knaw.nl/mycosphaerella/BioloMICS.aspx.
Efficient cooperative caching using hints

We present a very low-overhead decentralized algorithm for cooperative caching that provides performance comparable to that of existing centralized algorithms. Unlike existing algorithms that rely on centralized control of cache functions, our algorithm uses hints (i.e. inexact information) to allow clients to perform these functions in a decentralized fashion. This paper shows that a hint-based system performs as well as a more tightlycoordinated system while requiring less overhead. Simulations show that the block access times of our system are as good as those of the existing tightly-coordinated algorithms, while reducing manager load by more than a factor of 15, block lookup traffic by nearly a factor of two-thirds, and replacement traffic by more than a factor of 5.
Evaluating N-gram based Evaluation Metrics for Automatic Keyphrase Extraction

This paper describes a feasibility study of n-gram-based evaluation metrics for automatic keyphrase extraction. To account for near-misses currently ignored by standard evaluation metrics, we adapt various evaluation metrics developed for machine translation and summarization, and also the R-precision evaluation metric from keyphrase evaluation. In evaluation, the R-precision metric is found to achieve the highest correlation with human annotations. We also provide evidence that the degree of semantic similarity varies with the location of the partially-matching component words.
The monadic second-order logic of graphs XVI : Canonical graph decompositions

This article establishes that the split decomposition of graphs introduced by Cunnigham, is definable in Monadic Second-Order Logic.This result is actually an instance of a more general result covering canonical graph decompositions like the modular decom- position and the Tutte decomposition of 2-connected graphs into 3-connected components. As an application, we prove that the set of graphs having the same cycle matroid as a given 2-connected graph can be defined from this graph by Monadic Second-Order formulas.
“ Mining for Faintly Labeled Web Facial Images By Using Face Annotation ”

This paper investigates framework of face annotation by mining faintly labeled facial images which are freely or easily available on World Wide Web (WWW). There is one challenging problem for face annotation scheme is that how to perform annotation effectively by making full use of list which contain most similar facial images and whose labeling is faint having noisy and incomplete. To avoid this problem, we propose an Unsupervised label refinement (ULR) approach for refining the labels of web facial images using machine learning techniques. We propose one another system to speed up that is a clustering based approximation algorithm for improve the scalability. We develop optimization algorithms for solving the learning task of largescale. KeywordsFace Annotation, Content-Based Image Retrieval, Web Facial Images, Label purification.
Comparison of HK and SC curvature description methods

This paper compares two different local surface shape description methods. The general goal of surface shape description methods is to classify different surface shapes from range data. One well-known method to classify patches of various shapes is the HK classification space. Another way to classify patches is the SC method introduced by Koenderink and van Doorn (1992). This paper presents several experiments designed to show the (1) qualitatively different classification, (2) the impact of thresholds and (3) the impact of different noise levels. We conclude that Koenderink's approach has some advantages at low thresholds, complex scenes and at dealing with noise.
Effects of the Concomitant Activation of ON and OFF Retinal Ganglion Cells on the Visual Thalamus: Evidence for an Enhanced Recruitment of GABAergic Cells

A fundamental question in vision neuroscience is how parallel processing of Retinal Ganglion Cell (RGC) signals is integrated at the level of the visual thalamus. It is well-known that parallel ON-OFF pathways generate output signals from the retina that are conveyed to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN). However, it is unclear how these signals distribute onto thalamic cells and how these two pathways interact. Here, by electrophysiological recordings and c-Fos expression analysis, we characterized the effects of pharmacological manipulations of the retinal circuit aimed at inducing either a selective activation of a single pathway, OFF RGCs [intravitreal L-(+)-2-Amino-4-phosphonobutyric, L-AP4] or an unregulated activity of all classes of RGCs (intravitreal 4-Aminopyridine, 4-AP). In in vivo experiments, the analysis of c-Fos expression in the dLGN showed that these two manipulations recruited active cells from the same area, the lateral edge of the dLGN. Despite this similarity, the unregulated co-activation of both ON and OFF pathways by 4-AP yielded a much stronger recruitment of GABAergic interneurons in the dLGN when compared to L-AP4 pure OFF activation. The increased activation of an inhibitory thalamic network by a high level of unregulated discharge of ON and OFF RGCs might suggest that cross-inhibitory pathways between opposing visual channels are presumably replicated at multiple levels in the visual pathway, thus increasing the filtering ability for non-informative or noisy visual signals.
Effect of delayed breeding on the endocrinology and fecundity of sows.

The effect of serving sows at first or second estrus after weaning was determined using 114 Camborough sows (Parities 1 to 8). Eighty sows were paired according to weaning-to-estrus interval and parity. One sow of each pair was bred at first and the other at second estrus after weaning. A further 27 sows were catheterized on d 3 after weaning or d 20 of the first estrous cycle and bred at first or second estrus, respectively. Blood samples were taken every 30 min from 0800 to 1330 on the day after catheterization, every 6 h from catheterization until 1 d after standing estrus, and every 12 h for a further 3 d. Of the 80 sows, litter size increased (P < .002) by breeding Parity 1 and 2 sows at second rather than at first estrus (10.4 vs 12.8 total pigs born). These increases in litter size were achieved in the absence of any significant changes in sow weight or backfat during lactation and between weaning and breeding, and predicted changes in fat and protein during lactation. Similar but nonsignificant results (P = .15) were observed for the 27 catheterized sows. Plasma progesterone concentrations measured 50 h after the preovulatory LH surge were higher in Parity 1 and 2 sows bred at second rather than at first estrus (5.4 +/- .7 vs 3.7 +/- .3 ng/mL, P < .04). Sows of Parity 1 and 2 bred at first rather than at second estrus had higher plasma IGF-I (P < .05) and glycerol (P < .001) concentrations and tended to have lower preprandial insulin concentrations (P = .09). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Targeting apoptosis in solid tumors: the role of bortezomib from preclinical to clinical evidence

The ubiquitin–proteasome pathway is the main proteolytic system present in the nucleus and cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells. Apoptosis activation induced by ubiquitin–proteasome pathway inhibition makes the proteasome a new target of anticancer therapy. Bortezomib is the first proteasome inhibitor to be approved by the US FDA; in 2003 as a third line and in 2005 as a second line therapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma only. This review focuses on the use of bortezomib, not only in its therapeutic role but also, more specifically, in its biologic role and discusses the most recent applications of the drug in solid tumors, both at a preclinical and clinical level.
Behavior, Biology, and Information Theory

The notion of information has figured prominently in much modern evolutionary theorizing. But while theorists usually concede the importance of distinguishing between our ordinary use of this notion and its special acceptation in information theory, some biological theorizing requires "information" to serve a double duty. Lorenz's ethological theorizing is a case in point, and this paper challenges its conceptual underpinnings. Special attention is paid to Lorenz's contention that adaptation to an environment is akin to representation, and it is urged that many purportedly (phylogenetically) adapted behaviors might well instead be better interpreted as non-information-laden (ontogenetically) adaptive behaviors.
Some Theories are Unfalsifiable

Trafimow (2009) claims that there are no unfalsifiable theories: To test any theory, one must make auxiliary assumptions, and with sufficient creativity about auxiliary assumptions one could always arrive at reasonably risky predictions. We argue that a prediction from a theory plus a given set of auxiliary assumptions will not be risky for the theory when the initial level of confidence in the theory is greater than the initial level of confidence in one or more of the auxiliary assumptions. Some theories, we claim, are so basic that initial confidence in these theories will be greater than initial confidence in any set of auxiliary assumptions with which they could be tested, and such theories are unfalsifiable. We illustrate this with a principle that forms part of the theory of reasoned action.
Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and its relation with quality of life: a systematic review

The aim of this paper is to synthesise findings on the salutogenic concept, sense of coherence (SOC), and its correlation with quality of life (QoL). This study is descriptive and analytic, with a systematic integration of the contemporary knowledge base on the salutogenic research published in 1992–2003. This review includes 458 scientific publications and 13 doctoral theses on salutogenesis. In all, 32 papers had the main objective of investigating the relationship between SOC and QoL. This study is based on scientific publications in eight authorised databases, doctoral theses and available books. The SOC seems to have an impact on the QoL; the stronger the SOC, the better the QoL. Furthermore, longitudinal studies confirm the predictive validity of the SOC for a good QoL. The findings correspond to the core of the Ottawa Charter—that is, the process of enabling people to live a good life. Therefore, a certain possibility to modify and extend the health construct is becoming discernible, implicating a construct including salutogenesis and QoL. The SOC concept is a health resource, influencing QoL.
Correction: Human Tubal-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Associated with Low Level Laser Therapy Significantly Reduces Cigarette Smoke-Induced COPD in C57BL/6 mice

Jean Pierre Schatzmann Peron, Auriléia Aparecida de Brito, Mayra Pelatti, Wesley Nogueira Brandão, Luana Beatriz Vitoretti, Flávia Regina Greiffo, Elaine Cristina da Silveira, Manuel Carneiro Oliveira-Junior, Mariangela Maluf, Lucila Evangelista, Silvio Halpern, Marcelo Gil Nisenbaum, Paulo Perin, Carlos Eduardo Czeresnia, Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara, Flávio Aimbire, Rodolfo de Paula Vieira, Mayana Zatz, Ana Paula Ligeiro de Oliveira
Design and Analysis of Neural Network Algorithm for Intelligent Fire Detection System

Neural networks have been an increasingly growing field since the past 50 years, both in terms of research and implementation. There have been numerous applications in industrial automation, medicine, computers, consumer appliances, electronic gadgets, etc., which have had a significant impact by changing the previously used conventional technologies. Neural networks have redefined the way machines are designed to function more accurately, and more adaptively. In this paper, we design and analyze few of the popular neural network algorithms for their application in a fire detection system, and implemented for the application, which makes the system “intelligent”. The algorithms are designed based on sample inputs from the sensors; they are trained and then analyzed on standard performance metrics.
Valproate may improve strength and function in patients with type III/IV spinal muscle atrophy

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a recessively inherited motor neuron disease caused by deficient survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Valproate increases SMN protein in vitro by increasing transcription of SMN2 genes. The authors treated seven adult patients with SMA type III/IV with valproate for a mean duration of 8 months. The treated patients with SMA had increased quantitative muscle strength and subjective function. Further trials of valproate treatment for SMA type III/IV are warranted.
Distributed-Memory OS for Highly Parallel Systems : Experiences and Lessons from Paragon OSF / 1 and SUNMOS

This paper presents an evaluation of two distributed-memory operating systems, Paragon OSF/1 and SUNMOS, run on the 227 node Intel Paragon XP/S-15 installed at the Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) facility. Paragon OSF/1 is based on the Open Software Foundation Advanced Development (OSF/1 AD) microkernel. SUNMOS is a custom microkernel developed by Sandia National Laboratory and the University of New Mexico. Paragon OSF/1’s design goals are to maintain the full OSF/1 functionality on each node. SUNMOS’ goals are performance and scalability, trading functionality to deliver performance. The paper compares the functionality and performance of four operating system services essential to the efficient execution of a parallel application. These services are: kernel inter-process communication (IPC), memory management, application message-passing, and disk I/O throughput. The NAS Parallel Benchmarks (NPB) were also used to compare overall performance. Our evaluation shows that significant scalability issues and design problems remain to be solved before microkernels will work correctly on distributed-memory systems. The Paragon OSF/1 core technology (Mach 3.0, NORMA IPC, XMM) was found to be very immature and unfit for large node configurations without significant redesigns. Paragon OSF/1 functionality such as virtual memory, compute node time-sharing and parallel I/O are unusable due to the inefficiency and lack of scalability of the microkernel remote IPC service. Paragon OSF/1’s remote IPC peak bandwidth was measured at 11 MBytes/s (5% of the peak hardware bandwidth). Paragon OSF/1 also occupies approximately 8 Mbytes 1. Computer Sciences Corporation, NASA Contract NAS 2-12961, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000 Distributed-Memory OS for Highly Parallel Systems: Experiences and Lessons from Paragon OSF/1 and SUNMOS
Approximation of stochastic nonlinear closed-loop feedback control with application to miniature walking robots

We consider stochastic nonlinear time-variant systems with imperfect state information in the context of model predictive control. The optimal control performance can only be achieved by closed-loop feedback policies, which in fact anticipate future behavior. However, the computation of these policies is in general not tractable due to the presence of the dual effect, i.e., the control actions not only influence the state but also the uncertainty of its estimate. Thus, we propose an approximation to closed-loop control. We use a forward calculation approach, which is derived from an open-loop feedback control setup, but implements the fundamental property of closed-loop control that future measurement feedback is considered in the optimization. By using a finite set of representative measurements, the feedback behavior is anticipated only based on currently available information. The proposed optimization scheme is based on a continuation method, which implements an effective calculation to obtain a sequence of control inputs. The presented approach is evaluated by means of the control of a miniature walking robot.
CD19-Targeted T Cells for Hematologic Malignancies: Clinical Experience to Date

Abstract Recently, immunotherapy for cancer has begun to garner traction with encouraging results in a number of malignancies. Included within this arena has been the genetic engineering of autologous T cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) against tumor target. The majority of this experience has included the use of CAR T cells directed against CD19 for B-cell hematologic malignancies. The most striking efficacy to date with CAR T cells directed against CD19 has been in relapsed and refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, with the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing complete remissions. In addition, single-center and largely early-phase studies have demonstrated responses in patients with varying histologic findings of relapsed and refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The favorable response rates seen with this technology have been tempered by the high risk of toxicity, particularly in the form of cytokine-release syndrome and neurotoxicity. Agents such as tocilizumab and corticosteroids have been used to treat these toxicities. The current state of the science includes strategies to circumvent and treat toxicity, manufacturing, and study of later-generation CAR constructs with the intention of improving efficacy and development of CARs against other tumor targets for both hematologic and solid tumor malignancies. The observation of an early efficacy ensures further integration and development of this modality into future immunotherapeutic strategies for various cancers.
Echinochrome A Improves Exercise Capacity during Short-Term Endurance Training in Rats

Echinochrome A (Echi A) improves mitochondrial function in the heart; however, its effects on skeletal muscle are still unclear. We hypothesized that Echi A administration during short-term exercise may improve exercise capacity. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups: control group (CG), Echi A-treated group (EG), aerobic exercise group (AG), and aerobic exercise treated with Echi A group (AEG) (n = 6 per group). Echi A was administered intra-peritoneally (0.1 mg/kg of Echi A in 300 µL phosphate-buffered saline) daily 30 min before each exercise training. The AG and AEG groups performed treadmill running (20 m/min, 60 min/day) five days/week for two weeks. The exercise capacity was significantly higher in the AG and AEG groups compared to other groups. Interestingly, the exercise capacity increased more effectively in the AEG group. The body weight in the EG tended to be slightly lower than that in the other groups. There were no significant changes in the plasma lipids among the groups. However, the gastrocnemius muscle mitochondria content was greater in the EG and AEG groups. These findings show that Echi A administration after short-term endurance training enhances exercise capacity, which was associated with an increase in skeletal muscle mitochondrial content.