Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-Dimensional Pattern-Coupled Sparse Bayesian Learning via Generalized Approximate Message Passing

We consider the problem of recovering 2D block-sparse signals with unknown cluster patterns. The 2D block-sparse patterns arise naturally in many practical applications, such as foreground detection and inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging. To exploit the underlying block-sparse structure, we propose a 2D pattern-coupled hierarchical Gaussian prior model. The proposed pattern-coupled hierarchical Gaussian prior model imposes a soft coupling mechanism among neighboring coefficients through their shared hyperparameters. This coupling mechanism enables effective and automatic learning of the underlying irregular cluster patterns, without requiring any a priori knowledge of the block partition of sparse signals. We develop a computationally efficient Bayesian inference method, which integrates the generalized approximate message passing technique with the proposed prior model. Simulation results show that the proposed method offers competitive recovery performance for a range of 2D sparse signal recovery and image processing applications over the existing method, meanwhile achieving a significant reduction in the computational complexity.
Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Polluted Mangrove Swamp Soil from the Niger Delta using Organic and Inorganic Nutrients.

Aim: To achieve bioremediation of hydrocarbon impacted mangrove soil using organic (sterile and non - sterile poultry wastes) and inorganic nutrient (NPK). Study Design : Three treatments and the control designs were setup in three replicates and kept in the laboratory at room temperature (28±2 ° C) throughout the investigation period (6 weeks). Three of the set - ups designated Treatments (SPW, NSPW and NPK) were treated with sterile poultry wastes, non - sterile poultry wastes, nitrogen – phosphorus - potassium, r espectively, while the fourth set – up with no treatment were designated control (CTRL). Set ups SPW, NSPW and NPK were designed to determine the effects of sterile poultry wastes, non - sterile poultry wastes and NPK in bioremediation of hydrocarbon pollute d soil, respectively. However, the control (CTRL) was designed to determine the contribution made by indigenous (autochthonous) microorganisms and natural attenuation to the soil. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biologic al Sciences,
Inheritance and the CCG Lexicon

I propose a uniform approach to the elimination of redundancy in CCG lexicons, where grammars incorporate inheritance hierarchies of lexical types, defined over a simple, feature-based category description language. The resulting formalism is partially ‘constraint-based’, in that the category notation is interpreted against an underlying set of tree-like feature structures. I argue that this version of CCG subsumes a number of other proposed category notations devised to allow for the construction of more efficient lexicons. The formalism retains desirable properties such as tractability and strong competence, and provides a way of approaching the problem of how to generalise CCG lexicons which have been automatically induced from treebanks.
Discrepancy of Sums of Three Arithmetic Progressions

A process for the after-treatment of powder-metallurgically produced extruded tubes of stainless steel or highly alloyed nickel steels, pressings initially being produced by introducing into a capsule of thin sheet steel a powder consisting predominantly of spherical particles which have been produced from the required starting material by sputtering and, after the capsule has been closed, the density of the powder is increased to at least about 80% to about 93% of the theoretical density by cold isostatic pressing and the pressings obtained are then extruded into tubes at temperatures around 1200 DEG C. using glass as the lubricant and the extruded tubes still surrounded by the capsule are initially treated with aqueous sulphuric acid to remove the glass still present on their surface, subsequently cold-worked by drawing or reciprocating rolling and, after cold-working, are annealed in an oxidising atmosphere until the capsule has been converted into scale to such an extent that a surface free from capsule residues is obtained after pickling with mild pickles.
Elderly fall risk prediction using static posturography

Maintaining and controlling postural balance is important for activities of daily living, with poor postural balance being predictive of future falls. This study investigated eyes open and eyes closed standing posturography with elderly adults to identify differences and determine appropriate outcome measure cut-off scores for prospective faller, single-faller, multi-faller, and non-faller classifications. 100 older adults (75.5 ± 6.7 years) stood quietly with eyes open and then eyes closed while Wii Balance Board data were collected. Range in anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) center of pressure (CoP) motion; AP and ML CoP root mean square distance from mean (RMS); and AP, ML, and vector sum magnitude (VSM) CoP velocity were calculated. Romberg Quotients (RQ) were calculated for all parameters. Participants reported six-month fall history and six-month post-assessment fall occurrence. Groups were retrospective fallers (24), prospective all fallers (42), prospective fallers (22 single, 6 multiple), and prospective non-fallers (47). Non-faller RQ AP range and RQ AP RMS differed from prospective all fallers, fallers, and single fallers. Non-faller eyes closed AP velocity, eyes closed VSM velocity, RQ AP velocity, and RQ VSM velocity differed from multi-fallers. RQ calculations were particularly relevant for elderly fall risk assessments. Cut-off scores from Clinical Cut-off Score, ROC curves, and discriminant functions were clinically viable for multi-faller classification and provided better accuracy than single-faller classification. RQ AP range with cut-off score 1.64 could be used to screen for older people who may fall once. Prospective multi-faller classification with a discriminant function (-1.481 + 0.146 x Eyes Closed AP Velocity—0.114 x Eyes Closed Vector Sum Magnitude Velocity—2.027 x RQ AP Velocity + 2.877 x RQ Vector Sum Magnitude Velocity) and cut-off score 0.541 achieved an accuracy of 84.9% and is viable as a screening tool for older people at risk of multiple falls.
Micronutrient intakes, micronutrient status and lipid profiles among young people consuming different amounts of breakfast cereals: further analysis of data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of Young People aged 4 to 18 years

Abstract Objective: To examine associations between breakfast cereal consumption and the dietary habits, nutrient intakes and nutritional status of young people, considering both nutrient adequacy and safety issues (fortification). Methods: Using archived data from 1688 children in the (British) National Diet and Nutrition Survey of Young People aged 4 to 18 years, nutrient intakes and status were compared across thirds of breakfast cereal consumption (T1 to T3), adjusted for age and energy intake. Cereals provided on average 2%, 6% and 12% of energy in T1, T2 and T3, respectively, for boys; 1%, 4% and 10%, respectively, for girls. Results: Intakes of iron, B vitamins and vitamin D were around 20–60% higher in T3 compared with T1, with significant linear relationships observed for iron, thiamin, riboflavin and folate (T1 < T2 < T3). After excluding low energy reporters and the unwell, 14% of girls had iron intakes below the Lower Reference Nutrient Intake and this varied fivefold between T1 and T3 (27%, 12% and 5%; P = 0.0001). High consumers of breakfast cereals (T3) had better folate, vitamin B12 and riboflavin status and lower total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. There was also an association with thiamin and vitamin B6 status in girls. However, iron status (haemoglobin, ferritin and transferrin saturation) was not significantly different between groups, possibly due to lower meat intakes in T3. Total iron intakes were within tolerable levels (maximum of 32 mg day−1 in one girl taking supplements). Conclusions: The nutritional benefits of breakfast cereals are demonstrated in status measurements as well as in nutrient intakes in this study. Concerns about excessive iron intakes from fortification appear unjustified.
Anti-angiogenic therapies in prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common type of cancer among men in Western societies. Once in the castrate-resistant metastatic setting therapeutic options are limited. The importance of angiogenesis in the progression of PCa has been widely reported providing a rationale to test anti-angiogenic compounds for PCa treatment in clinical trials (CTs). However, in spite of the promising results shown in preclinical models and some anti-tumor activity observed in CTs, to date, no angiogenic inhibitor has been approved for use in PCa. This editorial outlines the latest clinical evidence regarding anti-angiogenic therapies in PCa treatment.
Further Researches on the Vasomotor Nerves of Ordinary Muscles

IN a paper published by me in Ludwig's Arbeiten* and in the Jouirnal of Anatomy and Physiologyt, I have shown that section of the nerve belonging to any particular muscle or group of muscles causes a great temporary, not permanent, increase in the amount of blood which flows from the muscle vein; further, that stimulation of the peripheral end of the nerve causes, as well as the tetanus of the muscle, a very marked increase of the rate of flow through the muscle; which increase takes place, either after the termination of the tetanus, or (if the stimulation last loug enough) even during the tetanus itself. Both these facts were confirmed and received their explanation in a second research, pul)lished in the Journal of Anatomy and Physiology+, upon the variations of the circulation in the mylohyoid muscle of the frog. By the direct observation of the muscle vessels under the microscope, I came to the conclusion that in the frog and, by inference, in the dog also, this increased flow of blood through the muscle was due to the action of dilator fibres contained in the nerve; that, in fact, when the muscle is made to contract by the direct stimulation of the motor nerves, its arteries are at the same time made to dilate by the direct stimulation of dilator nerves; and that section of the nerve produces its effect, because it removes the tonic action of the central nervous mechanisms, and also because the mechanical act of section constitutes a strong stimulation of these dilator fibres. At the same time I left it doubtful whether dilation of its vessels always accompanies contraction of a muscle, i. e. when that contraction is not due to direct stimulation of the nerve, but either to voluntary
A fast graph cut algorithm for disparity estimation

In this paper, we propose a fast graph cut (GC) algorithm for disparity estimation. Two accelerating techniques are suggested: one is the early termination rule, and the other is prioritizing the α-β swap pair search order. Our simulations show that the proposed fast GC algorithm outperforms the original GC scheme by 210% in the average computation time while its disparity estimation quality is almost similar to that of the original GC.
Efforts to monitor and characterize the recent increasing seismicity in central Oklahoma

Abstract The sharp increase in seismicity over a broad region of central Oklahoma has raised concerns regarding the source of the activity and its potential hazard to local communities and energy-industry infrastructure. Efforts to monitor and characterize the earthquake sequences in central Oklahoma are reviewed. Since early 2010, numerous organizations have deployed temporary portable seismic stations in central Oklahoma to record the evolving seismicity. A multiple-event relocation method is applied to produce a catalog of central Oklahoma earthquakes from late 2009 into early 2015. Regional moment tensor (RMT) source parameters were determined for the largest and best-recorded earthquakes. Combining RMT results with relocated seismicity enabled determination of the length, depth, and style of faulting occurring on reactivated subsurface fault systems. It was found that the majority of earthquakes occur on near-vertical, optimally oriented (northeast-southwest and northwest-southeast) strike-slip fault.
Association of Cytokeratin and Vimentin Protein in the Genesis of Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder Patients

The aim of study was to examine the localization and distribution of cytokeratin (CK) and vimentin protein and their association with clinical outcome of the TCC patients. Expression pattern of cytokeratin and vimentin was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in TCC cases and inflammatory lesions. Cytoplasmic expression of CK was noticed in 52.17% of TCC cases and its expression was not observed in inflammatory lesions of bladder specimens. Vimentin showed expression in 69.00% cases of TCC. Significant differences were noticed in expression pattern of CK and vimentin in inflammatory lesion and Transitional Cell Carcinoma cases. Vimentin expression increased with the grade of TCC and this difference was statistically significant whereas expression of CK decreased according to the grade of TCC. Furthermore, it was also observed that expression pattern of vimentin was high in ≥55 years as compared to <55 age group patients and these differences were significant in men as compared to women. Expression pattern of CK did not show any significant relation with age and gender. Therefore, it can be concluded that cytokeratin and vimentin will be helpful markers in the early diagnosis of Transitional Cell Carcinoma/bladder carcinoma.
Loss‐of‐function analyses of the fragile X‐related and dopamine receptor genes by RNA interference in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus

In order to explore a possibility that the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus would be a useful model to unveil molecular mechanisms of human diseases, we performed loss‐of‐function analyses of Gryllus genes homologous to human genes that are responsible for human disorders, fragile X mental retardation 1 (fmr1) and Dopamine receptor (DopR). We cloned cDNAs of their Gryllus homologues, Gb'fmr1, Gb'DopRI, and Gb'DopRII, and analyzed their functions with use of nymphal RNA interference (RNAi). For Gb'fmr1, three major phenotypes were observed: (1) abnormal wing postures, (2) abnormal calling song, and (3) loss of the circadian locomotor rhythm, while for Gb'DopRI, defects of wing posture and morphology were found. These results indicate that the cricket has the potential to become a novel model system to explore human neuronal pathogenic mechanisms and to screen therapeutic drugs by RNAi. Developmental Dynamics 238:2025–2033, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A fast and elitist grid selection evolutionary algorithm for Multi-objective Optimization: GSEA

Multi-objective optimization is an important and challenging topic in the field of industrial design and scientific research. Evolutionary algorithm is a population-based meta-heuristic technique to effectively solve Multi-objective Optimization Problem (MOP). In this paper, a novel EA is proposed, which applied the construction strategy of the elitist population based on spacial grid. In this strategy, firstly, a fast obtaining Pareto set approach with less computation cost is employed; then we filter Pareto set with the grid with the fixed side length to keep the diversity of solutions. Experimental results on test problems show that the GSEA we proposed improves time performance significantly, and is able to find solutions with good diversity and being nearer the true Pareto-optimal front compared to the known NSGA-II, SPEA2 and ε-MOEA.
Context-Based Web Service Clustering

Under web service environment, services’ calling or called relationships are usually represented as links. Based on link- or link-content analysis, it may produce tight clusters, which is useful for resource management. However current work only considers the existence of collaboration and it seldom takes service usage context into consideration. In this paper, we suppose to cluster similar services by introducing service usage context which is the complete stories for services’ activities and helps to improve clustering performance. Being different with link- or link-content-based clustering methods that considering one-linkdistance-away-neighbors (part of the activity story), this work proves that in team-up work situation, all collaborators (long-distance-neighbor) can provide information for distinguishing services.
Multiuser MIMO Downlink Beamforming Design Based on Group Maximum SINR Filtering

In this paper, we aim to solve the multiuser multi-input multi-output (MIMO) downlink beamforming problem where one multi-antenna base station broadcasts data to many users. Each user is assigned multiple data streams and has multiple antennas at its receiver. Efficient solutions to the joint transmit-receive beamforming and power allocation problem based on iterative methods are proposed. We adopt the group maximum signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) filter bank (GSINR-FB) as our beamformer which exploits receiver diversity through cooperation between the data streams of a user. The data streams for each user are subject to an average SINR constraint, which has many important applications in wireless communication systems and serves as a good metric to measure the quality of service (QoS). The GSINR-FB also optimizes the average SINR of its output. Based on the GSINR-FB beamformer, we find an SINR balancing structure for optimal power allocation which simplifies the complicated power allocation problem to a linear one. Simulation results verify the superiority of the proposed algorithms over previous works with approximately the same complexity.
Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience Synaptic Neuroscience Synaptic Plasticity and Nmda Receptors Presynaptic Nmda Receptors and Spike Timing-dependent Depression at Cortical Synapses

The ionotropic family of glutamate receptors comprises α–amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), kainate and NMDA receptors, which are widely distributed in the central nervous system (Dingledine et al., 1999). NMDA receptors are ligand-gated ion channels permeable to Ca 2+ , Na + and K + ions. These receptors are hetero-tetramers composed of two essential GluN1 and two modulatory GluN2 subunits (using the subunit nomenclature recommended by the IUPHAR; Collingridge et al., 2009), which confer different functional, kinetic, pharmacological and signaling properties to the NMDA receptor (for review, see Cull-Candy et al., 2001). NMDA receptors participate in normal synaptic transmission, synaptic development and synaptic plasticity , and are involved in the pathogenesis of some neurological states and diseases including stroke, epilepsy, schizophrenia and neuro-pathic pain (Cull-Candy et al., 2001). These receptors have been localized in the postsynaptic membrane where they are activated by the co-agonists glutamate and glycine (or d-serine) and contribute to excitatory postsynaptic responses together with AMPA and kainate receptors. t-LTP depends on postsynaptic NMDA receptors acting as classical coincidence detectors where presyn-aptic spikes trigger the release of glutamate necessary to activate these receptors, and back-propagating action potentials produce postsynaptic depolarization which relieves the NMDA receptors of their voltage-dependent Mg 2+ block leading to influx of Ca 2+ ions. Surprisingly, in some cortical areas, postsynaptic loading of the NMDA receptor channel blocker MK-801 blocked t-LTP but One of the most interesting properties of the brain is its ability to change in response to experience. This property has been termed plasticity and is involved in the reorganization of cortical maps during development, and in learning and memory processes in the adult animal (for review, see Malenka and Bear, 2004). Plasticity is assumed to be mediated primarily by synaptic changes. Synaptic plasticity can be short-term (lasting from milliseconds to several minutes) or long-term (lasting from hours to months; see Citri and Malenka, 2008 for review). The most extensively studied forms of synaptic plasticity are long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). Spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is a Hebbian form of long-term plasticity (Caporale and Dan, 2008) and is a strong candidate for a synaptic plasticity mechanism involved in cortical development In STDP, the temporal order and relative timing of pre-and postsynaptic action potentials (spikes), with millisecond precision, determine the direction and magnitude of synaptic change. Thus, timing-dependent (t-) LTP occurs when a presynaptic spike is followed by a postsynaptic spike, whereas t-LTD is …
Status of southern elephant seals at South Georgia

Approximately 54% of the world population of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) breeds at South Georgia. A partial survey in 1951 and a complete survey in 1985, together with counts at specific sites between these times, suggested that the population (around 100 000 breeding females) had not changed significantly in 34 years. This was in contrast to marked declines in most other populations. To examine this further, we conducted a third survey in 1995. This produced an estimate of 113 444 (se = 4902) breeding females. Taking into account improved information about the behaviour of female elephant seals since the survey in 1985, there was no significant change in the number of breeding female elephant seals between 1985 and 1995. When combined with information from the 1951 survey, this supports the view that the total population size has not changed significantly during the past 45 years. Evidence for regulation of the population by environmental factors is equivocal. We hypothesize that the lack of any net change in population size may be linked to a limited availability of high quality breeding habitat.