Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of discharge arrangements for older people.

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Systemically Administered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Transduced With Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Localize to a Fracture Site and Potentiate Healing

Objective To determine to the ability of systemically administered pluripotential mesenchymal stromal cells to localize to a fracture site and whether transduction with a therapeutic gene, insulin-like growth factor-I (D1-IGF-I), could potentiate healing. Design Murine model, basic science study. Setting Laboratory. Specimens Closed, transverse, mid-shaft femur fractures were produced in 108 Balb/c mice after intramedullary stabilization. Interventions A cloned, pluripotential, mesenchymal cell line, termed D1, was stably transfected with either the gene &bgr;-galactosidase (D1-BAG) as a histologic marker or with the gene IGF-I (D1-IGF-I) growth factor. Mice received systemic injections of either D1-BAG cells for in vivo localization or D1-IGF-I for therapeutic intervention. A third group received lactated Ringer's solution and served as control. Main Outcome Measurements Sections obtained from the fracture site and contralateral femurs were examined histologically and by deoxyribonucleic acid-polymerase chain reaction (DNA-PCR) to detect the presence of transplanted cells at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after fracture. Matrix mineralization and callus maturation were evaluated by histology. Results At all time points, using histologic staining with X-gal and deoxyribonucleic acid-polymerase chain reaction for marker genes, there was a statistically greater number of transplanted cells (p < 0.001) and significantly higher DNA-PCR for marker genes (p < 0.001) in the fractured femurs than in the nonfractured femurs. Mice receiving D1-IGF-I cells demonstrated a greater percent of mineralized callus than controls at two weeks (p < 0.05). At 4 and 6 weeks, treated mice demonstrated on average greater mineralized matrix and accelerated progression to an osseous callus as compared with the control group. Conclusions Cell-based gene therapy has the potential to deliver higher therapeutic levels of growth factors specifically at the site of cell localization while minimizing wider systemic side effects. This study demonstrates that systemically injected IGF-I transduced, mesenchymal cells are able to return to and repopulate the bone marrow. More importantly, these cells localize preferentially to a fracture site and accelerated fracture healing.
Widespread expression of glycine receptor subunit mRNAs in the adult and developing rat brain.

The inhibitory glycine receptor (GlyR) is a ligand‐gated ion channel which mediates post‐synaptic inhibition in spinal cord and other regions of the vertebrate central nervous system. Previous biochemical and molecular cloning studies have indicated heterogeneity of GlyRs during development. Here, the distribution of GlyR subunit transcripts in rat brain and spinal cord was investigated by in situ hybridization using sequence‐specific oligonucleotide probes. In adult animals, GlyR alpha 1 subunit mRNA was abundant in spinal cord, but was also seen in a few brain areas, e.g. superior and inferior colliculi, whereas alpha 2 transcripts were found in several brain regions including layer VI of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. GlyR alpha 3 subunit mRNA was expressed at low levels in cerebellum, olfactory bulb and hippocampus, while high amounts of beta subunit transcripts were widely distributed throughout spinal cord and brain. During development, alpha 2 mRNA accumulated already prenatally and decreased after birth, whereas alpha 1 and alpha 3 subunit transcripts appeared only in postnatal brain structures. Hybridization signals of beta subunit mRNA were seen already at early embryonic stages and continuously increased to high levels in adult rats. These data reveal unexpected differences in the regional and developmental expression of GlyR subunit mRNAs and point to novel functions of GlyR proteins in the mammalian central nervous system.
Advances in the knowledge of amphizoic amoebae infecting fish.

Free-living amoebae infecting freshwater and marine fish include those described thus far as agents of fish diseases, associated with other disease conditions and isolated from organs of asymptomatic fish. This survey is based on information from the literature as well as on our own data on strains isolated from freshwater and marine fish. Evidence is provided for diverse fish-infecting amphizoic amoebae. Recent progress in the understanding of the biology of Neoparamoeba spp. , agents responsible for significant direct losses in Atlantic salmon and turbot industry, is presented. Specific requirements of diagnostic procedures detecting amoebic infections in fish and taxonomic criteria available for generic and species determination of amphizoic amoebae are analysed. The limits of morphological and non-morphological approaches in species determination are exemplified by Neoparamoeba, Vannella and Platyamoeba spp. , which are the most common amoebae isolated from fish gills, Acanthamoeba and Naegleria spp. isolated from various organs of freshwater fish, and by other unique fish isolates of the genera Nuclearia, Thecamoeba and Filamoeba. Advances in molecular characterisation of SSU rRNA genes and phylogenetic analyses based on their sequences are summarised. Attention is particularly given to specific diagnostic tools for fish-infecting amphizoic amoebae and ways for their further development.
Managing Excellence through Corporate Culture: 'The HP Way'

This case study looks at the complex concept of corporate culture, the principal components of organisational cultures, how they are created and sustained, their impact on the management of organisations and their effect on corporate performance and longevity. It focuses on one US company, Hewlett-Packard, who has placed the management of its corporate culture at the forefront of its organisational and HR strategies for more than forty years.
Interactive Protocol Visualization ( and a WSPL Case Study )

While there is a strong body of research on algorithm animation, there is very little existing work on interactive protocols. What is described in this paper is a flexible and modular platform for visualizing interactive protocols. While the design will be layered to support additional protocols, the specific implementation goal is a case study: to create a viable visualization of a policy-based negotiation protocol. Sun’s WSPL is the target protocol (even though it is not currently interactive), and we present a prototype of a visualization application for it as an example of the above framework.
Organization Development in the Utah Department of Public Safety

In November 1981, the Utah Division of Personnel Management began an intervention into the Utah Department of Public Safety which continued for a year. This article discusses the data obtained from a 1984 evaluation of this intervention, which was designed to assess long-term outcomes. The findings provide encouragement for continuing organization development efforts and point to ways in which greater successes can be gained in future interventions.
Celastrol Attenuates the Invasion and Migration and Augments the Anticancer Effects of Bortezomib in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Multiple Myeloma

Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that deregulated activation of NF-κB plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of a variety of cancers including multiple myeloma (MM). Therefore, novel molecules that can effectively suppress deregulated NF-κB upregulation can potentially reduce MM growth. In this study, the effect of celastrol (CSL) on patient derived CD138+ MM cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell invasion, and migration was investigated. In addition, we studied whether CSL can potentiate the apoptotic effect of bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor in MM cells and in a xenograft mouse model. We found that CSL significantly reduced cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis when used in combination with bortezomib and upregulated caspase-3 in these cells. CSL also inhibited invasion and migration of MM cells through the suppression of constitutive NF-κB activation and expression of downstream gene products such as CXCR4 and MMP-9. Moreover, CSL when administered either alone or in combination with bortezomib inhibited MM tumor growth and decreased serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Overall, our results suggest that CSL can abrogate MM growth both in vitro and in vivo and may serve as a useful pharmacological agent for the treatment of myeloma and other hematological malignancies.
Automating Tissue Bank Annotation from Pathology Reports - Comparison to a Gold Standard Expert Annotation Set

Surgical pathology specimens are an important resource for medical research, particularly for cancer research. Although research studies would benefit from information derived from the surgical pathology reports, access to this information is limited by use of unstructured free-text in the reports. We have previously described a pipeline-based system for automated annotation of surgical pathology reports with UMLS concepts, which has been used to code over 450,000 surgical pathology reports at our institution. In addition to coding UMLS terms, it annotates values of several key variables, such as TNM stage and cancer grade. The object of this study was to evaluate the potential and limitations of automated extraction of these variables, by measuring the performance of the system against a true gold standard - manually encoded data entered by expert tissue annotators. We categorized and analyzed errors to determine the potential and limitations of information extraction from pathology reports for the purpose of automated biospecimen annotation.
Distal sensory polyneuropathy among HIV-infected patients at Parakou University Hospital, Benin, 2011.

Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) is the most frequent neurological complication among HIV patients, and its risk increases with use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We aimed to assess the prevalence of DSP and the factors associated with it among HIV-infected outpatients treated at Parakou University Hospital. This cross-sectional study took place from April 15 to July 15, 2011, and included 262 patients. All patients underwent a neurological examination by two neurologists with training and clinical experience in these examinations and in the Brief Peripheral Neuropathy Screening (BPNS), which was the primary tool used here. Data from nutritional status (body mass index: BMI), social and demographic information, HAART status, and CD4 count were recorded. The factors associated with DSP were studied with multivariate analysis, using a logistic regression model and a significance level of 0.05. The study included 60 men (22.9 %). Patients' ages ranged from 16 to 74 years and averaged 36.8±10 years. All patients but one patient were infected by HIV type 1 only; that one was coinfected by types 1 and 2. The mean BMI was 22.5+/-4.2 kg/m2. In all, 213 (81.3 %) received HAART, and the mean CD4 count was 355.0 cells/mm3+/-236.1. The prevalence of DSP was 42.4 %. The factors associated with it on univariate analysis were age, marital status, HAART status, duration of HIV infection, and duration of HAART. Only advanced age (OR 1.8, 95 % CI 1.1-5.3) and HAART use (OR 2.3, 95 % CI 1.5-4.9) were associated with DSP in the multivariate analysis. The main symptoms were paresthesia (numbness:75.7%; burning: 39.6%; pins and needles sensation 32.4 %) and pain (23.4 %). Vibration perception at the toes was missing or reduced for 84.4 %. According to the sensory symptoms grade, 93.7 % of patients were classified in Grades 2 or 3. This study showed that the prevalence of DSP is high and that it is associated with age and HAART.
Behavioral Inhibition in Preschool Children At Risk Is a Specific Predictor of Middle Childhood Social Anxiety: A Five-Year Follow-up

Objective: Behavioral inhibition (BI) to the unfamiliar represents the temperamental tendency to exhibit fearfulness, reticence, or restraint when faced with unfamiliar people or situations. It has been hypothesized to be a risk factor for anxiety disorders. In this prospective longitudinal study, we compared the psychiatric outcomes in middle childhood of children evaluated at preschool age for BI. Method: The baseline sample consisted of 284 children ages 21 months to 6 years, including offspring at risk for anxiety (children of parents with panic disorder and/or major depression) and comparison offspring of parents without mood or major anxiety disorders. They had been assessed for BI using age-specific laboratory protocols. We reassessed 215 of the children (76.5%) at 5-year follow-up at a mean age of 9.6 years using structured diagnostic interviews. Results: BI specifically predicted onset of social anxiety. The rate of lifetime social anxiety (DSM-IV social phobia or DSM-III-R avoidant disorder) was 28% versus 14% (odds ratio [OR] = 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–5.10) in inhibited versus noninhibited children. BI significantly predicted new onset of social phobia among children unaffected at baseline (22.2% vs 8.0% in inhibited versus noninhibited children (OR = 3.15, 95% CI: 1.16–8.57). No other anxiety disorders were associated with BI. Conclusion: BI appears to be a temperamental antecedent to subsequent social anxiety in middle childhood. Children presenting with BI should be monitored for symptoms of social anxiety and may be good candidates for preventive cognitive behavioral strategies.
Performance evaluation and implementation of IP and robust header compression schemes for TCP and UDP traffic in static and dynamic wireless contexts

Modern cellular networks utilising the long–term evolution (LTE) set of standards face an ever–increasing demand for mobile data from connected devices. Header compression is commonly employed to minimise the overhead for IP–based cellular network traffic. In this paper, we evaluate the three header compression implementations used by these networks with respect to their potential throughput increase and complexity for different mobile service scenarios over wireless IP networks. Specifically, we consider header compression as defined by (i) IP Header Compression (RFC 2507), (ii) Robust Header Compression version 1 (RFC 3095), and (iii) the recently updated Robust Header Compression version 2 (RFC 5225) with TCP/IP profile (RFC 6846). The contribution of this article is the performance evaluation of IP Header Compression (IPHC) for UDP and TCP, as well as its evaluation in contrast to the Robust Header Compression (RoHC) methods in a comparative overview for real–world mobile scenarios. Our results show that all implementations have great potential for saving bandwidth in IP–based wireless networks, even under varying channel conditions. While both RoHC versions generally provide more reliable results than IPHC, we find that on a unidirectional channel IPHC could perform better. However, if a TCP connection is prone to packet reordering (e.g., by retransmissions), IPHC’s performance drops drastically, while RoHC’s does not exhibit any significant performance reduction.
All we need is the candidate’s face: The irrelevance of information about political coalition affiliation and campaign promises

Abstract Recent research has indicated that judgments of competence based on very short exposure to political candidates’ faces reliably predict electoral success. An unexplored question is whether presenting written information of the kind to which voters are typically exposed during an election alongside candidates’ faces affects competence judgments. We conducted three studies using photographs of 16 pairs of competing politicians in 16 medium-sized towns of northeast Italy as stimuli. Study 1 confirmed the external validity of earlier research in which participants were exposed to candidates’ faces without providing any other information. Study 2a showed that competence judgments were not subject to in-group favoritism: candidates’ faces were presented alongside information about the political coalition to which they belonged (center left; center right) to participants who declared a left or right political orientation. Finally, Study 2c compared the competence inferences made in Study 1 (face-only condition) with those of Study 2a (face plus political coalition label) and with new inferences (Study 2b) based on candidates’ faces plus information about campaign promises (greater equality; lower taxes). The results showed that automatic competence inferences are not substantially modified when relevant written information is presented alongside candidates’ faces.
The missing girls of China: a new demographic account.

This account of the missing girls in Chinas high sex ratios verifies Hulls analysis and 1) assumes 105-106 boys per 100 girls as evidenced by 240 years of Swedish demographic data 2) verifies the sex ratio for reported second and higher parity births bases on the 2 per thousand fertility survey (SFPC2) in 1988 3) introduces adopted children data from SFPC2 which accounts for 50% of the missing girls and 4) calculates excess female infant deaths based on international demographic data for 130 boys per 100 girls as the expected ratio. The Swedish sex ratio data does not vary significantly between regions by parity or age of mother or by big differences due to race or socioeconomic circumstances and may only be indirectly influenced by these factors in utero as miscarriage or stillbirth. The Swedish data were found comparable to 12 Western industrialized countries 1974-84. It is expected that the larger the cohort the smaller the variation is sex ratios annually such that the Chinese data with 200 times larger cohorts should fall within the narrow range of 105-6 boys per 100 girls of all live births registered. Racial differences between Caucasians and Chinese are not expected because in the 1953 census the sex ratio among infant 500000 in 1987. Using the adoption figures in calculating the sex ratio a closer approximation is obtained. The sex ratio of 114 for infant deaths compared to the 130 average would indicate differential neglect of infant girls or 4 per 1000 excess female infant deaths per live girl births.
Analysis of Some Mixed Finite Element Methods for Plane Elasticity Equations

We analyze some mixed finite element methods, based on rectangular elements, for solving the two-dimensional elasticity equations. We prove error estimates for a method proposed by Taylor and Zienkiewicz and for some new variants of the known equilibrium methods. A numerical example is given demonstrating the performance of the various algorithms considered. 1. Introduction. In the numerical solution of problems of continuum mechanics, the stresses are normally of primary interest in the elastic region. It is therefore natural to design the numerical algorithms so that the stresses can be obtained directly without first computing the displacements. Such methods can be derived from the dual variational formulation of the elasticity problem. The corresponding finite element algorithms are usually formulated as mixed methods where both the displacements and the stresses are first approximated, and the displacements are then eliminated from the discrete equations. In many cases the elimination can be rather effectively done using penalty/perturbation techniques or their iterative variants; cf. (3), (11), (12). The best known finite element methods of the above type are the so-called equilibrium methods, first proposed by Fraejis de Veubeke (17) (cf. also (14), (16), (18)) and analyzed theoretically by Johnson and Mercier (9) (cf. also (8)). In these methods, one uses specific composite elements which allow the equilibrium condi- tion between the stresses and the volume load to be satisfied exactly in the case where the volume load is zero.
Estimation of dermal absorption using the exponential saturation model.

Estimates of dermal absorption are used in exposure assessment to calculate the internal dose of persons contacting pesticides and are a critical part of risk assessments. An exponential saturation model with lag time was validated against a classic dermal absorption study of 12 pesticides administered to human volunteers. The model gave dermal absorption estimates consistent with reported values in the literature. Moreover, this model gave more realistic estimates of the percentage of dermal absorption for some pesticides, which have special properties. In most submitted dermal absorption studies in animals, especially rats, "bound" skin residues (BSR) at treated skin sites were generally high when animals were sacrificed more than 24 h after the dose was administered. The direct addition of the total BSR as an absorbed dose would likely overestimate actual dermal absorption. From a well-conducted dermal absorption study, this model can be utilized to estimate maximum excretion of the administered dermal dose as a result of further absorption of bioavailable BSR. Resulting dermal absorption estimates are appropriate for regulatory purposes in the risk assessment of pesticides because they take into account the bioavailability of BSR while at the same time the estimates are not overly conservative.