Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local phase velocity from complex seismic data

We propose a new method that uses the concepts of complex trace analysis for the automatic estimation of local phase velocity. A complex seismic record is obtained from a real seismic record by extending complex trace analysis into higher dimensions. Phase velocity is estimated from the complex data by finding trajectories of constant phase. In two dimensions, phase velocity calculation reduces to a ratio of instantaneous frequency and wavenumber, and thus provides a measure of the dominant plane‐wave component at each point in the seismic record. The algorithm is simple to implement, and computational requirements are small, partly due to a new method for computing instantaneous frequency and wavenumber which greatly simplifies these calculations for 2-D and 3-D complex records. In addition, our approach has the advantage that no a priori velocity input is needed; however, optimum stability is achieved when a limited range of dipping events is considered. Preconditioning the record with an appropriate ve.
Type I IFN stimulates lymph node stromal cells from adult and old mice during a West Nile virus infection

Advanced age is a significant risk factor during viral infection due to an age‐associated decline in the immune response. Older individuals are especially susceptible to severe neuroinvasive disease after West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Previous studies have characterized age‐associated defects in hematopoietic immune cells during WNV infection that culminate in diminished antiviral immunity. Situated amongst immune cells in the draining lymph node (DLN) are structural networks of nonhematopoietic lymph node stromal cells (LNSCs). LNSCs are comprised of numerous, diverse subsets, with critical roles in the coordination of robust immune responses. The contributions of LNSCs to WNV immunity and immune senescence are unclear. Here, we examine LNSC responses to WNV within adult and old DLNs. Acute WNV infection triggered cellular infiltration and LNSC expansion in adults. Comparatively, aged DLNs exhibited diminished leukocyte accumulation, delayed LNSC expansion, and altered fibroblast and endothelial cell subset composition, signified by fewer LECs. We established an ex vivo culture system to probe LNSC function. Adult and old LNSCs both recognized an ongoing viral infection primarily through type I IFN signaling. Gene expression signatures were similar between adult and old LNSCs. Aged LNSCs were found to constitutively upregulate immediate early response genes. Collectively, these data suggest LNSCs uniquely respond to WNV infection. We are the first to report age‐associated differences in LNSCs on the population and gene expression level during WNV infection. These changes may compromise antiviral immunity, leading to increased WNV disease in older individuals.
Easy to process, hard to control: Transient and sustained processing fluency impairs cognitive control adjustments to conflict

Recent research suggests that the cognitive monitoring system of control could be using negative affective cues intrinsic to changes in information processing to initiate top-down regulatory mechanisms. Here, we propose that positive feelings of ease-of-processing could be picked up by the monitoring system as a cue indicating that control is not necessary, leading to maladaptive control adjustments. We simultaneously target control adjustments driven by task context and on a trial-by-trial level, macro-, and micro-adjustments. This hypothesis was tested using a Stroop-like task comprised trials varying in congruence and perceptual fluency. A pseudo randomisation procedure within different proportion of congruence conditions was used to maximise discrepancy and fluency effects. Results suggest that in a mostly congruent context participants committed more fast errors when incongruent trials were easy-to-read. Moreover, within the mostly incongruent condition, we also found more errors on incongruent trials after experiencing the facilitation effect of repeated congruent trials. These results suggest that transient and sustained feelings of processing fluency can downregulate control mechanisms, leading to failed adaptive adjustments to conflict.
The Efficacy of Electroacupuncture in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

This study aims to evaluate the comparative efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) and analgesics in treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and provide evidence‐based medical support for EA for the treatment of KOA. Randomized controlled trials from January 2012 to December 2021 are included in electronic databases. The Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials is used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies, while the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation is used to assess the quality of evidence. Statistical analyses are performed using Review Manager V5.4. There are 1616 patients from 20 clinical studies, including 849 patients in the treatment group and 767 patients in the control group. The effective rate in the treatment group is significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.00001). In the treatment group, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) stiffness scores are significantly improved as compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). However, EA is similar to analgesics in improving visual analog scale scores and WOMAC subitems such as pain and joint function. EA is effective in treating KOA because it can significantly improve clinical symptoms and quality of life in KOA patients.
FINAL RESULTS ON THE LIGHT DEFLECTIONS IN THE SUN'S GRAVITATIONAL FIELD FROM OBSERVATIONS MADE AT THE TOTAL SOLAR ECLIPSE OF SEPTEMBER 21, 1922

Of the two instruments employed at the eclipse of September 21, 1922, at Wallal (Western Australia) for observations on the Einstein eclipse test, the results of the larger one (a pair of 15foot cameras) were published in 1923. The measurement and reduction of the photographs obtained with the second instrument (a pair of 5-foot cameras) has just been completed, so that the final results of this expedition are now available. The six eclipse photographs of the 5-foot cameras, of which four had also an expostue on a check star field, were compared by differential measurement with photographs of the same stars taken at Tahiti, four months before the eclipse. After applying the necessary corrections for instrumental errors as well as for refraction and aberration, the stars near the eclipsed Sun appear displaced away from the Sun’s center, while the stars of the check field, photographed on the same plates and measured and reduced in the same manner show no such displacements. The star displacements observed at the eclipse can, therefore, not be due to any systematic errors introduced by the instrument, the photographic process, or the method of measurement and reduction ; they must be due to a deflection of the light rays when passing close to the Sim. Assuming with Einstein that the amount of deflection is inversely proportional to the star’s angular distance from the Sim’s center, the six pairs of plates give for the light deflection at the Sun’s limb the following values
Management of wet ascitic type of peritoneal tuberculosis: single center experience.

OBJECTIVE We aimed to present our experience with the management of 17 patients with ascites who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy or laparotomy, and histologic confirmation of wet ascitic type of peritoneal tuberculosis (TB). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 2008 and March 2019, 17 patients whose ascites were investigated by a gastroenterologist and who were thought to have non-cirrhotic ascites were referred to our Surgery clinic for peritoneal biopsy. The clinical, biochemical, radiological, microbiological, and histopathological data of the patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy or laparotomy were analyzed retrospectively. Histopathological examination of peritoneal tissue samples in hematoxylin-eosin-stained preparations revealed necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis and Langhans type giant cells. Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN) staining was studied with the suspicion of TB. Acid-fast bacilli (AFB) were detected in EZN stained slide. Histopathological findings were also considered. RESULTS Seventeen patients aged 18 to 64 years were included in this study. The most common symptoms were ascites and abdominal distention, weight loss, night sweats, fever and diarrhea. Radiological examination revealed peritoneal thickening, ascites, omental cacking, and diffuse lymphadenopathy. Histopathologically, necrotizing granulomatous peritonitis consistent with peritoneal TB were detected. While direct laparoscopy was preferred in sixteen patients, laparotomy was preferred in the remaining one due to previous surgical procedures. However, seven were converted to open laparotomy. CONCLUSIONS Diagnosis of abdominal TB requires high index of suspicion, and the treatment should be prompt to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with delay in treatment.
Comparison of toxicity and cellular responses following pulmonary exposure to different types of nanofibers

Abstract Pulmonary effects of inhaled microfibers are an emerging public health concern. In this study, we investigated toxicity following pulmonary exposure to synthetic polyethylene oxide fibroin (PEONF) and silk fibroin (SFNF) nanofibers and the cellular responses. When instilled intratracheally weekly for four weeks, body weight gain was significantly reduced in female mice exposed to the higher dose of SFNF when compared with the control group. The total number of cells in the lungs was more significant in all treated groups than in the control, whereas the relative portion of neutrophils and eosinophils increased significantly only in female mice exposed to SFNF. Both types of nanofibers induced notable pathological changes and increased pulmonary expression of MCP-1α, CXCL1, and TGF-β. More importantly, blood calcium, creatinine kinase, sodium, and chloride concentration were affected significantly, showing sex- and material-dependent differences. The relative portion of eosinophils increased only in SFNF-treated mice. In addition, both types of nanofibers induced necrotic and late apoptotic cell death in alveolar macrophages after 24 h of exposure, with accompanying oxidative stress, increased NO production, cell membrane rupture, intracellular organelle damage, and intracellular calcium accumulation. Additionally, multinucleated giant cells were formed in cells exposed to PEONF or SFNF. Taken together, the findings indicate that inhaled PEONF and SFNF may cause systemic adverse health effects with lung tissue damage, showing differences by sex- and material. Furthermore, PEONF- and SFNF-induced inflammatory response may be partly due to the low clearance of dead (or damaged) pulmonary cells and the excellent durability of PEONF and SFNF.
ecmtool: fast and memory-efficient enumeration of elementary conversion modes

Abstract Motivation Characterizing all steady-state flux distributions in metabolic models remains limited to small models due to the explosion of possibilities. Often it is sufficient to look only at all possible overall conversions a cell can catalyze ignoring the details of intracellular metabolism. Such a characterization is achieved by elementary conversion modes (ECMs), which can be conveniently computed with ecmtool. However, currently, ecmtool is memory intensive, and it cannot be aided appreciably by parallelization. Results We integrate mplrs—a scalable parallel vertex enumeration method—into ecmtool. This speeds up computation, drastically reduces memory requirements and enables ecmtool’s use in standard and high-performance computing environments. We show the new capabilities by enumerating all feasible ECMs of the near-complete metabolic model of the minimal cell JCVI-syn3.0. Despite the cell’s minimal character, the model gives rise to 4.2×109 ECMs and still contains several redundant sub-networks. Availability and implementation ecmtool is available at https://github.com/SystemsBioinformatics/ecmtool. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Double-Side Estimates of Some Integral Characteristics of Anisotropic Bodies

The problem of estimation of some integral characteristics (functionals) is considered for anisotropic body constituting of the locally orthotropic material. It is assumed that an orientation of the principal axes of orthotropy is not known beforehand at each point of the body and can be distributed by various ways in different parts of the body including chaotic orientation. The estimation of the upper and lower bounds of the considered integral characteristics is of principal importance and is based on the solution of the optimization problems and finding an extremal internal material structures which realize minimum and maximum of the functionals. This approach is applied in this article to some estimation problems of the heat conductivity and the torsion of elastic bars.
Cadmium exposure and DNA damage (genotoxicity): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Existing literature suggests an association between chronic cadmium (Cd) exposure and the induction of DNA damage and genotoxicity. However, observations from individual studies are inconsistent and conflicting. Therefore current systematic review aimed to pool evidence from existing literature to synthesize quantitative and qualitative corroboration on the association between markers of genotoxicity and occupational Cd exposed population. Studies that evaluated markers of DNA damage among occupationally Cd-exposed and unexposed workers were selected after a systematic literature search. The DNA damage markers included were chromosomal aberrations (chromosomal, chromatid, sister chromatid exchange), Micronucleus (MN) frequency in mono and binucleated cells (MN with condensed chromatin, lobed nucleus, nuclear buds, mitotic index, nucleoplasmatic bridges, pyknosis, and karyorrhexis), comet assay (tail intensity, tail length, tail moment, and olive tail moment), and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine). Mean differences or standardized mean differences were pooled using a random-effects model. The Cochran-Q test and I 2 statistic were used to monitor heterogeneity among included studies. Twenty-nine studies with 3080 occupationally Cd-exposed and 1807 unexposed workers were included in the review. Cd among the exposed group was higher in blood [4.77 μg/L (−4.94–14.48)] and urine samples [standardized mean difference 0.47 (0.10–0.85)] than in the exposed group. The Cd exposure is positively associated with higher levels of DNA damage characterized by increased frequency of MN [7.35 (−0.32–15.02)], sister chromatid exchange [20.30 (4.34–36.26)], chromosomal aberrations, and oxidative DNA damage (comet assay and 8OHdG [0.41 (0.20–0.63)]) compared to the unexposed. However, with considerable between-study heterogeneity. Chronic Cd exposure is associated with augmented DNA damage. However, more extensive longitudinal studies with adequate sample sizes are necessary to assist the current observations and promote comprehension of the Cd’s role in inducing DNA damage. Prospero Registration ID: CRD42022348874.
Analyzing data in complicated 3D domains: Smoothing, semiparametric regression, and functional principal component analysis

In this work, we introduce a family of methods for the analysis of data observed at locations scattered in three‐dimensional (3D) domains, with possibly complicated shapes. The proposed family of methods includes smoothing, regression, and functional principal component analysis for functional signals defined over (possibly nonconvex) 3D domains, appropriately complying with the nontrivial shape of the domain. This constitutes an important advance with respect to the literature, because the available methods to analyze data observed in 3D domains rely on Euclidean distances, which are inappropriate when the shape of the domain influences the phenomenon under study. The common building block of the proposed methods is a nonparametric regression model with differential regularization. We derive the asymptotic properties of the methods and show, through simulation studies, that they are superior to the available alternatives for the analysis of data in 3D domains, even when considering domains with simple shapes. We finally illustrate an application to a neurosciences study, with neuroimaging signals from functional magnetic resonance imaging, measuring neural activity in the gray matter, a nonconvex volume with a highly complicated structure.
Prediction model of the horizontal trabecular iris angle after phakic posterior chamber implantable intraocular lens surgery

A formula for the prediction of the anterior chamber angle (ACA) after ICL implantation. This formula complements the ICL size selection by estimating the ACA. Purpose: To determine the predictors of the postoperative horizontal trabecular iris angle (TIA750) after phakic posterior chamber implantable intraocular lens (IOL) surgery. Setting: Ophthalmology Clinic Vista Sánchez Trancón, Badajoz, Spain. Design: Retrospective case series. Methods: 330 eyes implanted with spherical/toric implantable collamer lens (ICL) were included in this study. From 230 eyes implanted with 13.2 mm ICL, these were divided in modeling (n = 180) and evaluation group (n = 50). Two groups implanted with 12.6 mm and 13.7 mm (n = 50 each) were also used as evaluation. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography was used preoperatively to perform anterior chamber biometry (angle-to-angle [ATA] distance, crystalline lens rise, anterior chamber depth [ACD], cornea sagittal depth, pupil diameter, nasal/temporal TIA750); postoperatively for measuring the vault, pupil diameter and nasal/temporal TIA750. Corneal curvature and horizontal visible iris diameter were measured using optical tomography. Bivariate correlation analysis was used to determine associations between preoperative and postoperative horizontal TIA750 with anterior chamber biometry, ICL-related parameters and age. Finally, a multivariate linear regression model was constructed for predicting the postoperative TIA750. Results: Horizontal TIA750 reduced from 42.9 ± 8.0 degrees preoperatively to 24.4 ± 5.6 degrees postoperatively. Postoperative TIA750 was positively correlated with the preoperative TIA750, cornea sagittal depth and ACD, and negatively associated with the vault. The main predictors of the postoperative TIA750 were the preoperative parameters, TIA750, ICLsize − ATA and pupil diameter (adjusted-R2 = 0.39). The limits of agreement between predicted and real TIA750 were close to ±10 degrees. Conclusions: Implantation of a phakic posterior chamber implantable IOL leads to a reduction in TIA750 and the main factors contributing for this are the preoperative TIA750 aperture and the vault.
Systematic variations in structural and electronic properties of BiFeO3 by A-site substitution

Y4 s 2 4p 6 4d 1 5s 2 ,L a 5s 2 5p 6 5d 1 6s 2 , and Sb 5s 2 5p 3 were considered as valence electrons. All calculations were performed with an energy cutoff of 500 eV for the plane wave expansion of the PAW, a 222 Monkhorst Pack grid of k points, and the Fermi-smearing for the Brillouin zone integrations. We used the semiempirical LSDA+U method, where the strong Coulomb repulsion between localized d states is treated by adding a Hubbard-type term U to the effective potential, leading to a better description of the correlation effect in transition-metal oxides. 16 In this study, we used a value of Ueff=6 eVU=6 eV and J=0 eV in the framework of Dudarev’s approach. 17,18
Prediction of game performance in Australian football using heart rate variability measures

In–match player performance, measured by data from Geographical Positioning System (GPS) devices, was predicted with a correlation coefficient of greater than 0.7. Predictions were based on heart rate variability measures and used advanced regression techniques based on machine learning. These techniques included methods for the selection of variables to be included in the regression study. Results indicate that variable selection using a wrapper subset method with a genetic algorithm outperformed both principal components analysis and the default method of using all variables. The success of prediction of match performance suggests a potential for new tools to assist the team coach in player selection and management of player training. This work also provides the possibility for a training programme to be adjusted specifically to meet the challenges of the size of the playing field and the temperature likely to be encountered on the day of the match.
Monitoring cone-beam CT radiation dose levels in a University Hospital

Objective: To present patient dose levels for different CBCT scanners, acquired by a dose monitoring tool in a University Hospital, as a function of field of view (FOV), operation mode, and patient age. Methods: An integrated dose monitoring tool was used to collect radiation exposure data [type of CBCT unit, dose-area product (DAP), FOV size, and operation mode] and patient demographic information (age, referral department) performed on a 3D Accuitomo 170 and a Newtom VGI EVO unit. Effective dose conversion factors were calculated and implemented into the dose monitoring system. For each CBCT unit, the frequency of examinations, clinical indications, and effective dose levels were obtained for different age and FOV groups, and operation modes. Results: A total of 5163 CBCT examinations were analyzed. Surgical planning and follow-up were the most frequent clinical indications. For the standard operation mode, effective doses ranged from 35.1 to 300 µSv and 9.26-117 µSv using 3D Accuitomo 170 and Newtom VGI EVO, respectively. In general, effective doses decreased with increasing age and FOV size reduction. Conclusions: Effective dose levels varied notably between systems and operation modes.Operation mode selection and FOV size were indication-oriented, with larger FOV sizes election serving surgical planning and follow-up. Seeing the influence of FOV size on effective dose levels, manufacturers could be advised to move toward patient-specific collimation and dynamic FOV selection. Systematically monitoring patient doses could be recommended for steering future CBCT optimization.
Mixing factor Xa and thrombin inhibiting direct oral anticoagulants produces a synergistic prolonging effect on most clotting tests

Direct oral anti-coagulants (DOACs) have been recently developed and come into widespread use. There are several anti-factor Xa anti-coagulants (anti-FXa) in clinical use, with apixaban, rivaroxaban and edoxaban being most common. 1 There is only one approved oral anti-thrombin anticoagulant (anti-FIIa), dabigatran. Compared to vitamin K antagonist (VKA) anticoagulants such as warfarin, DOACs are report-edly safer, have a wider therapeutic window in most applications, and only require measurements in special circumstances. 2 General clotting tests are variably affected by both classes of DOACs and currently have limited value for their testing. 2 – 4 The ‘ dilute thrombin time ’ assay is widely used for measuring dabigatran. Dilute Russells viper venom time (dRVVT) tests are also highly sensitive to DOACs, 2 – 6 with one reagent optimized for general DOAC testing (DOAC clotting time (DCT); Haematex, Sydney). 6 Our aim was to investigate potential negative or positive interactions among various DOACs. All testing was performed using various inhibitors added to small volumes of pooled normal plasma (PNP). All DOACs were dispersed in DMSO and diluted in a stabilizing solution at 10 μ g/mL before adding to plasma to generate desired concentrations. All anti-FXa DOAC concentrations, except betrixaban, were checked by using chromogenic test kits and calibrators from Hyphen BioMed (France). Dabigatran activity was checked using calibrators from Hyphen BioMed in the DCT test. All clotting tests were carried out using Stago ST4 semi-automated clot timing instruments at 37 (cid:1) C. Results were carried out