Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory Back Pain

The ACR Committee on Appropriateness Criteria and its expert panels have developed criteria for determining appropriate imaging examinations for diagnosis and treatment of specified medical condition(s). These criteria are intended to guide radiologists, radiation oncologists and referring physicians in making decisions regarding radiologic imaging and treatment. Generally, the complexity and severity of a patient’s clinical condition should dictate the selection of appropriate imaging procedures or treatments. Only those examinations generally used for evaluation of the patient’s condition are ranked. Other imaging studies necessary to evaluate other co-existent diseases or other medical consequences of this condition are not considered in this document. The availability of equipment or personnel may influence the selection of appropriate imaging procedures or treatments. Imaging techniques classified as investigational by the FDA have not been considered in developing these criteria; however, study of new equipment and applications should be encouraged. The ultimate decision regarding the appropriateness of any specific radiologic examination or treatment must be made by the referring physician and radiologist in light of all the circumstances presented in an individual examination.
Self-report outcome in new hearing-aid users: Longitudinal trends and relationships between subjective measures of benefit and satisfaction

This study focussed on self-report outcome in new hearing-aid users. The objectives of the experiment were changes in self-report outcome over time, and relationships between different subjective measures of benefit and satisfaction. Four outcome inventories and a questionnaire on auditory lifestyle were administered to 25 hearing-aid users repeatedly after hearing-aid fitting, and assessments took place one week, four weeks, and 13 weeks after hearing-aid provision. The results showed that, for first-time users who used their hearing aids more than four hours per day, self-reported outcome increased over 13 weeks in some scales, although there was no change in amplification during this time. Furthermore, it was found that, for data collected immediately post-fitting, some subscales were much less face valid than for data collected later. This result indicates that the way in which hearing-aid users assess outcome changes over time. The practical consequence of the results is that early self-report outcome assessment may be misleading for some self-report outcome schemes. Sumario El estudio se enfocó en los resultados auto-reportados en nuevos usuarios de auxiliares auditivos (AA). Los objetivos del experimento fueron los cambios en los resultados auto-reportados en el tiempo y las relaciones entre las diferentes mediciones subjetivas de beneficio y satisfacción. Se aplicaron cuatro inventarios de resultados y un cuestionario sobre estilo de vida auditivo a 25 usuarios de AAdespués de la adaptación; la evaluación tuvo lugar una, cuatro y trece semanas después. Los resultados muestran que para los nuevos usuarios que utilizan su AA más de 4 horas al día, los resultados auto-reportados mejoran en algunas escalas en el curso de 13 semanas, aun cuando no hubiera cambio en la amplificación durante este tiempo. Incluso, se encontró que los datos colectados inmediatamente después de la adaptación, fueron menos válidos que los colectados posteriormente. Estos resultados indican que la forma en que los usuarios evalúan los resultados, cambia con el tiempo. La consecuencia práctica es que los resultados auto-reportados tempranamente pueden ser engañosos en algunos esquemas de resultados auto-reportados.
Turbulence Driven by Outflow-blown Cavities in the Molecular Cloud of NGC 1333

Outflows from young stellar objects (YSOs) have been identified as a possible source of turbulence in molecular clouds. To investigate the relationship between outflows, cloud dynamics, and turbulence, we compare the kinematics of the molecular gas associated with NGC 1333, traced in 13CO (1-0), with the distribution of YSOs within. We find a velocity dispersion of ~1-1.6 km s-1 in 13CO that does not significantly vary across the cloud and is uncorrelated with the number of nearby young stellar outflows identified from optical and submillimeter observations. However, from velocity channel maps we identify about 20 depressions in the 13CO intensity of scales ≳0.1-0.2 pc and velocity widths 1-3 km s-1. The depressions exhibit limb-brightened rims in both individual velocity channel maps and position-velocity diagrams, suggesting that they are slowly expanding cavities. We interpret these depressions to be remnants of past YSO outflow activity: if these cavities are presently empty, they would fill in on timescales of ~106 yr. This can exceed the lifetime of a YSO outflow phase or the transit time of the central star through the cavity, explaining the absence of any clear correlation between the cavities and YSO outflows. We find that the momentum and energy deposition associated with the expansion of the cavities is sufficient to power the turbulence in the cloud. In this way we conclude that the cavities are an important intermediate step between the conversion of YSO outflow energy and momentum into cloud turbulent motions.
Hidden morbidity in cancer: spouse caregivers.

PURPOSE This study assesses psychological distress among advanced cancer patients and their spouse caregivers, while examining the relative contribution of caregiving burden and relational variables (attachment orientation and marital satisfaction) to depressive symptoms in the spouse caregivers. METHODS A total of 101 patients with advanced GI or lung cancer and their spouse caregivers were recruited for the study. Measures included Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Caregiving Burden scale, Experiences in Close Relationships scale, and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction scale. RESULTS A total of 38.9% of the caregivers reported significant symptoms of depression (BDI-II > or = 15) compared with 23.0% of their ill spouses (P < .0001). In a hierarchical regression predicting caregiver's depression, spouse caregiver's age and patient's cancer site were entered in the first step, objective caregiving burden was entered in the second step, subjective caregiving burden was entered in the third step, caregiver's attachment scores were entered in the fourth step, and caregiver's marital satisfaction score was entered in the fifth step. The final model accounted for 37% of the variance of caregiver depression, with subjective caregiving burden (beta = .38; P < .01), caregiver's anxious attachment (beta = .21; P < .05), caregiver's avoidant attachment (beta = .20; P < .05), and caregiver's marital satisfaction (beta = -.18; P < .05) making significant contributions to the model. CONCLUSION Spouse caregivers of patients with advanced cancer are a high-risk population for depression. Subjective caregiving burden and relational variables, such as caregivers' attachment orientations and marital dissatisfaction, are important predictors of caregiver depression.
Methylation status of uPA promoter as a molecular mechanism regulating prostate cancer invasion and growth in vitro and in vivo

Urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) promotes tumor invasion and metastasis in several malignancies including prostate cancer, one of the most commonly detected male cancers that result in a high incidence of mortality. In the present study we have examined the differential regulation of uPA gene expression in different stages of prostate cancer by DNA methylation. We determined levels of uPA expression in normal prostate epithelial cells (PrEC) and in hormone‐responsive (LNCaP) and ‐insensitive (PC‐3) prostate cancer cell lines. We found that uPA is expressed only in the highly invasive PC‐3 cells where the uPA promoter is unmethylated. The lack of uPA expression in PrEC and LNCaP cells, where uPA promoter is highly methylated, is due to suppression of uPA gene transcription by DNA methylation. Treatment of LN‐CaP cells with 5′‐azacytidine, a potent demethylating agent, resulted in induction of uPA mRNA expression, uPA activity, and higher invasive capacity in vitro. Additionally, a marked increase in tumor volume was observed after inoculation of these cells into the flank of male BALB/c (nu/nu) mice. Collectively these studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation is the underlying molecular mechanism responsible for uPA gene silencing in normal and early stages of prostate cancer, which has a direct effect on tumor cell invasion and growth in vitro and in vivo. —Pakneshan, P., Xing, R. M. , Rabbani, S. A. Methylation status of uPA promoter as a molecular mechanism regulating prostate cancer invasion and growth in vitro and in vivo. —Pakneshan, P., Xing, R. M. , Rabbani, S. A. Methylation status of uPA promoter as a molecular mechanism regulating prostate cancer invasion and growth in vitro and in vivo. FASEB J. 17, 1081–1088 (2003)
A Case Study on Developing Cloud of Things Devices

Manufacturing industries must develop valueadded products such as CoT (Cloud of Things) devices to maintain international competitiveness. CoT devices require methods for developing cloud services. We propose a common framework that can be used to rapidly develop CoT devices. Using this framework, a device can communicate with another device located in a different private network. In this paper, we describe the proposed common framework for CoT devices, using a smart light as an example, and evaluate the effectiveness of our method.
Visual filtering and focusing among persons with schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and no psychiatric history

Nous avons evalue le filtrage et la capacite de reduire la concentration attentive de personnes atteintes de schizophrenie, de personnes souffrant de depression majeure (DM) et de personnes normales. Les conditions variaient avec la presence de distracteurs et de leur proximite a une cible et la presence d'un indice fenetre utilise pour faciliter le filtrage. Pour les personnes atteintes de schizophrenie et celles ne possedant pas de passe psychiatrique, les TR etaient les plus longs avec les distracteurs places les plus pres des cibles et la performance n'etait pas liee a la presence de la fenetre. La performance des personnes souffrant d'une depression majeure a ete influencee de facon negative par les distracteurs situes le plus pres des cibles, et a ete facilitee par la presence de la fenetre. Ces i conclusions concordent avec un filtrage et une concentration relativement intacte constatee chez les personnes atteintes de schizophrenie une deficience de filtrage chez les personnes souffrant de depression majeure.
Discovery of a lysophospholipid acyltransferase family essential for membrane asymmetry and diversity

All organisms consist of cells that are enclosed by a cell membrane containing bipolar lipids and proteins. Glycerophospholipids are important not only as structural and functional components of cellular membrane but also as precursors of various lipid mediators. Polyunsaturated fatty acids comprising arachidonic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid are located at sn-2 position, but not at sn-1 position of glycerophospholipids in an asymmetrical manner. In addition to the asymmetry, the membrane diversity is important for membrane fluidity and curvature. To explain the asymmetrical distribution of fatty acids, the rapid turnover of sn-2 position was proposed in 1958 by Lands [Lands WE (1958) Metabolism of glycerolipides: A comparison of lecithin and triglyceride synthesis. J Biol Chem 231:883–888]. However, the molecular mechanisms and biological significance of the asymmetry remained unknown. Here, we describe a putative enzyme superfamily consisting mainly of three gene families, which catalyzes the transfer of acyl-CoAs to lysophospholipids to produce different classes of phospholipids. Among them, we characterized three important enzymes with different substrate specificities and tissue distributions; one, termed lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase-3 (a mammalian homologue of Drosophila nessy critical for embryogenesis), prefers arachidonoyl-CoA, and the other two enzymes incorporate oleoyl-CoAs to lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylserine. Thus, we propose that the membrane diversity is produced by the concerted and overlapped reactions with multiple enzymes that recognize both the polar head group of glycerophospholipids and various acyl-CoAs. Our findings constitute a critical milestone for our understanding about how membrane diversity and asymmetry are established and their biological significance.
Pride and Prejudice: Discourses of Normalisation in Public and Private Accounts of Home Ownership

This paper fills a gap in the literature surrounding the social and economic consequences of the rapid and widespread growth of home ownership in Great Britain. Hitherto, the debate has focused on the causes and consequences of the 'residualisation' of social rented housing. It has been characterised by economic conceptions of power influenced by Weberian and Marxist social theory. Foucault's work on power has made few inroads into this debate. Drawing upon a reading of Foucault's work, it is argued in this paper that home ownership has been subject to a process of normalisation, and that this is at least as important as widely rehearsed coerced exchange and social exclusion arguments in explaining the labelling of social rented housing estates. Evidence for the normalisation of home ownership is presented through an analysis of selected landmark policy documents and in data collected as part of an ethnographic study of home owners in Bristol undertaken in the early 1990s. The paper contends that the norm.
CONTRAST EFFECTS AND SUBTRACTION IN PART-WHOLE QUESTIONS

Les reponses donnees a une question concernant l'economie de l'Etat changent quand cette question suit une question portant sur l'economie de la communaute locale de l'enquete. Les reponses a un item ouvert-ferme indiquent que les personnes excluent une caracteristique saillante de l'economie de la communaute avant d'evaluer l'economie de l'Etat meme si cette caracteristique est apparue de maniere dominante quand les personnes ont d'abord evalue l'economie etatique
An empirical comparison of different approaches for combining multimodal neuroimaging data with support vector machine

In the pursuit of clinical utility, neuroimaging researchers of psychiatric and neurological illness are increasingly using analyses, such as support vector machine, that allow inference at the single-subject level. Recent studies employing single-modality data, however, suggest that classification accuracies must be improved for such utility to be realized. One possible solution is to integrate different data types to provide a single combined output classification; either by generating a single decision function based on an integrated kernel matrix, or, by creating an ensemble of multiple single modality classifiers and integrating their predictions. Here, we describe four integrative approaches: (1) an un-weighted sum of kernels, (2) multi-kernel learning, (3) prediction averaging, and (4) majority voting, and compare their ability to enhance classification accuracy relative to the best single-modality classification accuracy. We achieve this by integrating structural, functional, and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging data, in order to compare ultra-high risk (n = 19), first episode psychosis (n = 19) and healthy control subjects (n = 23). Our results show that (i) whilst integration can enhance classification accuracy by up to 13%, the frequency of such instances may be limited, (ii) where classification can be enhanced, simple methods may yield greater increases relative to more computationally complex alternatives, and, (iii) the potential for classification enhancement is highly influenced by the specific diagnostic comparison under consideration. In conclusion, our findings suggest that for moderately sized clinical neuroimaging datasets, combining different imaging modalities in a data-driven manner is no “magic bullet” for increasing classification accuracy. However, it remains possible that this conclusion is dependent on the use of neuroimaging modalities that had little, or no, complementary information to offer one another, and that the integration of more diverse types of data would have produced greater classification enhancement. We suggest that future studies ideally examine a greater variety of data types (e.g., genetic, cognitive, and neuroimaging) in order to identify the data types and combinations optimally suited to the classification of early stage psychosis.
Contrasting genetic structures in sister species of North American scrub-jays

Threatened Florida scrub–jays (Aphelocoma coerulescens breed communally, are restricted to xeric sandy scrub habitat, generally disperse fewer than three territory diameters. Closely related Western scrub–jays (A. californica) do not breed communally, have a broader habitat range, disperse greater distances, and are not threatened. We compared the genetic structure of 445 individuals in 11 populations in Florida with 157 individuals in eight populations of Western scrub–jays. At ten microsatellite loci, Florida had 24 out of 47 total alleles, while Western scrub–jays had 44. The Florida populations were more differentiated (GST = 0.048) than were a set of five California populations (GST = 0.015). A randomization extension of a Mantel test showed a stronger correlation between geographic and Cavalli–Sforza genetic distances among Western than Florida populations. Neighbour–joining trees clustered Florida populations from the same sandy ridge systems, suggesting that habitat continuity is more important than geographic proximity in allowing gene flow and preventing differentiation. For Western populations, isolation by distance appears to be the major determinant of genetic structure. Our results suggest that contrasting genetic structures may arise between closely related species, as a result of differences in ecology and social system. Conserving extant genetic variation in Florida jays will require maintaining viable populations in each of the major sandy ridge systems.
Flexibility on whose terms

Purpose – As part of an ongoing project on worker well‐being, this paper aims to examine the application of flexible work arrangements through the experiences of core workers in a small, European‐owned, New Zealand manufacturing firm.Design/methodology/approach – A participatory action research approach is taken.Findings – The research reveals that flexible employment arrangements utilised in this firm did not afford protection to core workers as theory suggests. Both core and peripheral workers were exposed to pressure primarily to extend their hours of work and to reduce their expectations regarding remuneration. Production level increases were not reflected in increases in numbers of core workers; in fact perceived job security was low. Core workers felt pressure to work extended hours out of their commitment to the firm, each other, and to maintain their own employment.Practical implications – The use of more democratic processes inherent in action research oriented at workplace well‐being are shown t.
Inöd och lust

For better, for worse. A study of women who care for a relative. Eight women who all were engaged, in care for a relative of some kind were interviewed. The women were of different age. The conclusions drawn from this case study are mainly of a hypothesisgenerating character. Knowing a lot about few people facilitates an exposition of possible relations. Some of the women performed extensive and fargoing efforts, often unsalaried. Caregiving relatives in such a situation is a group at risk from a health political perspective. Wives living together with the care subject their husband, seem to be especially exposed to risk. It is an important task for the social services to be aware of the vulnerable situation for the caregiving relatives. The analysis of caregiving situations is made at three leves -the valuation, the practical action and the experience. No absolute relationship between these three levels could be found. Three mechanisms seem to be important for the experience of the caregiver, namley the incentives for making theese efforts, the autonomy and being visible.
Online complete coverage path planning for mobile robots based on linked spiral paths using constrained inverse distance transform

This paper presents a sensor-based online coverage path planning algorithm guaranteeing a complete coverage of unstructured planar environments by a mobile robot. The proposed complete coverage algorithm abstracts the environment as a union of robot-sized cells and then uses a spiral filling rule. It can be largely classified as an approximate cellular decomposition approach as defined by Choset. In this paper, we first propose a special map coordinate assignment scheme based on active wall-finding using the history of sensor readings, which can drastically reduce the number of turns on the generated coverage path. Next, we develop an efficient path planner to link the simple spiral paths using the constrained inverse distance transform that we introduced the first time. This planner selects the next target cell which is at the minimal path length away from the current cell among the remaining non-contiguous uncovered cells while at the same time, finding the path to this target to save both the memory and time which are important concern in embedded robotics. Experiments on both simulated and real cleaning robots demonstrate the practical efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm.
Activation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells-(NFAT) and Activating Protein 1 (AP-1) by Oncogenic 70Z Cbl Requires an Intact Phosphotyrosine Binding Domain but Not Crk(L) or p85 Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Association*

The Cbl proto-oncogene product is a complex adapter protein that functions as a negative regulator of protein tyrosine kinases. It is rapidly tyrosine-phosphorylated and associates with Crk(L) and p85 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) upon engagement of numerous receptors linked to tyrosine kinases. Elucidation of the mechanism(s) underlying Cbl deregulation is therefore of considerable interest. The 70Z Cbl oncoprotein shows increased baseline tyrosine phosphorylation in fibroblasts and enhances nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activity in Jurkat T cells. Its transforming ability has been proposed to relate to its increased phosphotyrosine content. We demonstrate that 70Z Cbl shows increased basal and activation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and association with Crk(L) and p85 PI3K in Jurkat T cells. 70Z Cbl, however, retains the ability to enhance NFAT and activating protein 1 (AP1) activity in the absence of Crk(L)/p85 PI3K association. In contrast, the G306E mutation, which inactivates the phosphotyrosine binding domain of Cbl, blocks NFAT/AP1 activation by 70Z Cbl. We conclude that 70Z Cbl-induced NFAT/AP1 activation requires the phosphotyrosine binding domain but not Crk(L)/p85 PI3K association. We hypothesize that 70Z Cbl acts as a dominant negative by blocking the negative regulatory function of the Cbl phosphotyrosine binding domain on protein-tyrosine kinases.