Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VESIENTUTKIMUSLAITOKSEN JULKAISUJA PUBLICATIONS OF THE WATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Tiivistelma: Sadeveden ja lumen elohopeapitoisuus Suomessa 1983—1984 3Seppo Rekolainen, Matti Verta & Anita Liehu: The effect of airborne mercury andpeatland drainage on sediment mercury contents in some Finnish forest lakesTiivistelma: Ilmalevintaisen elohopean ja metsaojituksen vaikutus sedimentin elohopeapitoisuuteen eraissa Suomen metsajarvissa 11Matti Verta, Seppo Rekolainen, Jaakko Mannio & Kari Surma-Aho:The origin and levelof mercury in Finnish forest lakesTiivistelma: Elohopean alkupera ja pitoisuustaso Suomen metsajarvissa 21Jaakko Mannio, Matti Verta, Pirkko Kortelainen & Seppo Rekolainen: The effect ofwater quality on the mercury concentration of northern pike (Esox Iucius, L.) inFinnish forest lakes and reservoirsTiivistelma: Veden laadun vaikutus hauen elohopeapitoisuuteen Suomen metsajarvissa jatekoaltaissa 32Matti Verta, Seppo Rekolainen & Kari Kinnunen: Causes of increased fish mercury levelsin Finnish reservoirsTiivistelma: Kohonneiden elohopeapitoisuuksien syyt Suomen tekoaltaissa 44Kari Surma-Aho, Jaakko Paasivirta, Seppo Rekolainen & Matti Verta: Organic andinorganic mercury in the food chain of some lakes and reservoirs in FinlandTiivistelma: Orgaaninen ja epaorgaaninen elohopea eraiden Suomen jarvien ja tekoaltaidenravintoketjuissa 59Jari Leskinen, Ossi V. Lindqvist, Jari Lehto & Pekka Koivistoinen: Selenium and mercurycontents in northern pike (Esox Iucius, L.) of Finnish man-made and natural lakesTiivistelma: Seleenin ja elohopean pitoisuus Suomen tekoaltaiden ja luonnonjarvien hauissa 72Vappu Pennanen, Pirkko Kortelainen & Jaakko Mannio: Comparative study on theestimation of humic matter in natural watersTiivistelma: Luonnonvesien humuspitoisuuden arviointi eri menetelmilla 80Pirkko Kortelainen, Jaakko Mannio & Vappu Pennanen: Characteristics of the allochthonous organic matter in Finnish forest lakes and reservoirsTiivistelma: Alloktonisen orgaanisen aineen ominaisuuksista suomalaisissa metsajarvissa jatekoaltaissa 88Tom Frisk & Vappu Pennanen: A steady-state modei,jotwo humic fractionsTiivistelma: Kahden humusfraktion tasapainotilanjfft 98-VESIHALLITUS—NATIONAL BOARD OF WAfERS, FINLANDHelsinki 1986
Experiment 1 : Emotional Words and Inhibition in Working Memory Method

The interaction between emotion and working memory maintenance, load, and performance has been investigated with mixed results. The effect of emotion on specific executive processes such as interference resolution, however, remains relatively unexplored. In this series of studies, we examine how emotion affects interference resolution processes within working memory by modifying the Recencyprobes paradigm (Monsel, 1978) to include emotional and neutral stimuli. Reaction time differences were compared between interference and non-interference trials for neutral and emotional words (Studies 1 & 3) and pictures (Study 2). Our results indicate that trials using emotional stimuli show a relative decrease in interference compared with trials using neutral stimuli, suggesting facilitation of interference resolution in the former. Furthermore, both valence and arousal seem to interact to produce this facilitation effect. These findings suggest that emotion facilitates response selection amid interference in working memory.
e-Publications@Marquette e-Publications@Marquette

This paper introduces a new four-parameter lifetime model, which extends the Marshall-Olkin Fr´echet distribution introduced by Krishna et al. (2013), called the transmuted Marshall-Olkin Fr ´ echet distribution. Various structural properties including ordinary and incomplete moments, quantile and generating function, R ´ enyi and q-entropies and order statistics are derived. The maximum likelihood method is used to estimate the model parameters. We illustrate the superiority of the proposed distribution over other existing distributions in the literature in modeling two real life data sets.
e-Publications@Marquette e-Publications@Marquette

Pediatric obesity is multifactorial and difficult to treat. Parenting and feeding behaviors have been shown to influence a child’s weight status. Most prior studies have focused on preschool -aged White children. Additional complicating factors include pare nts’ inability to accurately identify their child’s abnormal weight status. Parenting and feeding behaviors used by 176 African American and White parents of school-age children were examined. Assessment included (a) identifying what behaviors were reporte d when parent expressed concern with child’s weight and (b) the relationship of these behaviors on child’s body mass index percentile (BMI%), considering ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES)
e-Publications@Marquette e-Publications@Marquette

: In this two-part paper, we propose a novel medium access control (MAC) protocol for machine-type communications in the Industrial Internet of Things. The considered use case features a limited geographical area and a massive number of devices with sporadic data traffic and different priority types. We target supporting the devices while satisfying their Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements with a single access point and a single channel, which necessitates a customized design that can significantly improve the MAC performance. In Part I of this paper, we present the MAC protocol that comprises a new slot structure, corresponding channel access procedure, and mechanisms for supporting high device density and providing differentiated QoS. A key idea behind this protocol is sensing-based distributed coordination for significantly improving channel utilization. To characterize the proposed protocol, we analyze its delay performance based on the packet arrival rates of devices. The analytical results provide insights and lay the groundwork for the fine-grained scheduling with QoS guarantee as presented in Part II.
e-Publications@Marquette e-Publications@Marquette

: We investigated the moderating impact of the personality construct alexithymia on the ability of younger and older adults to control the recall of negative and neutral material. We conducted two experiments using the directed forgetting paradigm with younger and older adults. Participants studied negative (Experiment 1) or neutral (Experiment 2) words. Participants were instructed to forget the first half and remember the second half of an entire list of words. Overall, we found that alexithymia impairs the ability of both younger and older adults to cognitively control negative material (through both recall and inhibition). The “externally oriented thinking” factor of alexithymia appears to play a particularly pertinent role in terms of inhibiting negative material. Furthermore, older adults recalled fewer sought after negative items, but this was not evident in terms of inhibition. In contrast, only age (older adults) negatively impacted the recall of sought after neutral items. Interestingly, alexithymia had the opposite effect: the “difficulty in identifying emotions” factor of alexithymia was associated with an increased recall of neutral items. We discuss these results in terms of alexithymia and its impact on cognitive control
e-Publications@Marquette e-Publications@Marquette

It is well known that Gaussian modelling of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) magnitude time-course data, which are truly Rice distributed, constitutes an approximation, especially at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). Based on this fact, previous work has argued that Rice-based activation tests show superior performance over their Gaussian-based counterparts at low SNRs and should be preferred in spite of the attendant additional computational and estimation burden. Here, we revisit these past studies and, after identifying and removing their underlying limiting assumptions and approximations, provide a more
e-Publications@Marquette e-Publications@Marquette

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a serious disorder characterized by daytime hypercapnia, disordered breathing, and a reduction in chemosensitivity. Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), a bariatric surgical procedure resulting in weight loss and weight-independent improvements in glucose metabolism, has been observed to substantially improve sleep-disordered breathing. However, it is unclear if the ventilatory effects of VSG are secondary to weight loss or the marked change in metabolic physiology. Using preclinical mouse models, we found that VSG leads to an improvement in the hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR) and reductions in circulating leptin levels independent of reductions in body mass, fat mass, and caloric intake. In the absence of leptin, VSG continues to improve body mass, fat mass, and glucose tolerance in ob/ob mice but no longer affects HCVR. However, the HCVR of ob/ob mice can be returned to wild-type levels with leptin treatment. These data demonstrate that VSG improves chemosensitivity and ventilatory drive via a leptin-dependent mechanism. Clinically, these data downgrade the relative contribution of physical, mechanical load in the pathogenesis of OHS, and instead point to physiological components of obesity, including alterations in leptin signaling, as key drivers in OHS.
Integrating nanosphere lithography in device fabrication

This paper discusses the integration of nanosphere lithography (NSL) with other fabrication techniques, allowing for nano-scaled features to be realized within larger microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based devices. Nanosphere self-patterning methods have been researched for over three decades, but typically not for use as a lithography process. Only recently has progress been made towards integrating many of the best practices from these publications and determining a process that yields large areas of coverage, with repeatability and enabled a process for precise placement of nanospheres relative to other features. Discussed are two of the more common self-patterning methods used in NSL (i.e. spin-coating and dip coating) as well as a more recently conceived variation of dip coating. Recent work has suggested the repeatability of any method depends on a number of variables, so to better understand how these variables affect the process a series of test vessels were developed and fabricated. Commercially available 3-D printing technology was used to incrementally alter the test vessels allowing for each variable to be investigated individually. With these deposition vessels, NSL can now be used in conjunction with other fabrication steps to integrate features otherwise unattainable through current methods, within the overall fabrication process of larger MEMS devices. Patterned regions in 1800 series photoresist with a thickness of ~700nm are used to capture regions of self-assembled nanospheres. These regions are roughly 2-5 microns in width, and are able to control the placement of 500nm polystyrene spheres by controlling where monolayer self-assembly occurs. The resulting combination of photoresist and nanospheres can then be used with traditional deposition or etch methods to utilize these fine scale features in the overall design.
Late Miocene and Early Pliocene High-Frequency Lake Level Cycles in Lacustrine Hydrocarbon Reservoir Strata, South Caspian Basin: Insights for Subseismic-scale Lithofacies Variations

This chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of the nature and origin of the observed cyclic patterns in the late Miocene and Pliocene rocks that are the main hydrocarbon reservoirs along the Azerbaijan margin of the Caspian Sea. Data from extensive onshore studies of outcrop sedimentology were combined with well-log interpretations from the offshore Azeri-Chirag-Deep Water Guneshli oil field to quantify the nested nature of depositional cycles inferred to represent 20 ka, 100 ka, and 400 ka astronomically driven climate cycles. Spectral analysis of gamma-ray logs supports the conclusion that much of the Productive Series in the South Caspian Basin (base KS to top of the Balakhany) records the controlling influence of astronomical changes in insolation that acted in phase across both the Volga drainage basin and the Caspian Sea. We constructed an idealized depositional sequence and its link to the lake level/climate drivers based on evidence for cyclic sedimentation from spectral analysis of the gamma-ray logs, the range of depositional systems interpreted, and the climate signal derived from palynology. These sequences are expressed consistently in strata deposited in fluvial, lake-margin mudflats, shoreline, and lake center settings. In the sandier stratigraphic intervals, the 20 k.y. sequence is expressed as follows. The sequence boundary is an exposure surface within mudstones. Overlying the sequence boundary is generally a forestepping succession of terminal splay sandstones and mudstones suggesting slowly rising lake level. Above this, a stack of braided stream deposits is present that generally represents the dominant sandstone interval of the entire sequence. We interpret this as a lowstand systems tract (LST). The LST is abruptly truncated by a lacustrine flooding surface, which in turn is capped by a backstepping succession of more terminal splay deposits and density underflow strata. In most sequences, no definite expression of the highstand and falling stage systems tracts exists. This contrasts greatly with shallow marine depositional sequences, where the falling stage systems tract generally contains the best-developed sandstones. The recognition that climate drivers of astronomical origin did fundamentally control sedimentation in the Caspian Sea profoundly affects both petroleum systems modeling and reservoir modeling by reducing the degrees of uncertainty compared with what is commonly the case in other less ordered depositional systems.
Classification for Chinese Libraries (CCL): Histories, Accomplishments, Problems and Its Comparisons

China has a long history in library classifications, although modern classifications did not emerge until one hundred years ago when the Western classifications were introduced into the country. The Classification for Chinese Libraries (CCL) was developed after years of collective work. The purposes of this article are to review the ancient history and modern efforts in developing Chinese library classifications, examine the organizations, accomplishments and problems of the CCL especially in the areas of philosophy and social sciences, and compare the CCL with the Library of Congress Classification (LCC) in terms of their structures.
Intimate Partner Violence and Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Interventions

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) around the time of pregnancy is a widespread global health problem with many negative consequences. Nevertheless, a lot remains unclear about which interventions are effective and might be adopted in the perinatal care context. Objective The objective is to provide a clear overview of the existing evidence on effectiveness of interventions for IPV around the time of pregnancy. Methods Following databases PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched and expanded by hand search. The search was limited to English peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials published from 2000 to 2013. This review includes all types of interventions aiming to reduce IPV around the time of pregnancy as a primary outcome, and as secondary outcomes to enhance physical and/or mental health, quality of life, safety behavior, help seeking behavior, and/or social support. Results We found few randomized controlled trials evaluating interventions for IPV around the time of pregnancy. Moreover, the nine studies identified did not produce strong evidence that certain interventions are effective. Nonetheless, home visitation programs and some multifaceted counseling interventions did produce promising results. Five studies reported a statistically significant decrease in physical, sexual and/or psychological partner violence (odds ratios from 0.47 to 0.92). Limited evidence was found for improved mental health, less postnatal depression, improved quality of life, fewer subsequent miscarriages, and less low birth weight/prematurity. None of the studies reported any evidence of a negative or harmful effect of the interventions. Conclusions and implications Strong evidence of effective interventions for IPV during the perinatal period is lacking, but some interventions show promising results. Additional large-scale, high-quality research is essential to provide further evidence about the effect of certain interventions and clarify which interventions should be adopted in the perinatal care context.
The PRC’s Free Trade Agreements with ASEAN, Japan, and the Republic of Korea: A Comparative Analysis

The role of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in East Asia’s recovery from the recent global financial and economic crisis highlighted the PRC’s growing role as an engine of growth for the region. From the viewpoint of the PRC, there are many potential gains from entering into free trade agreements (FTAs) with its neighbors, who collectively form a large and fast-growing market. In this paper we qualitatively and quantitatively assess the four main permutations of the PRC’s FTAs with the region’s major economies: PRC–ASEAN, PRC–Japan, PRC–Republic of Korea, and ASEAN+3. We compare the effects of the FTAs on the PRC’s output and welfare. Our comparative analysis shows that the PRC would gain from all three bilateral FTAs, while gaining the most from a larger region-wide FTA such as ASEAN+3.
PREVALENCE OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN BANGLADESH: DOES FOOD HABITS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES HAVE GENDER DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT?

2 The aim of the study is to examine the gender differential outcomes of food habits and 3 physical activities on obesity among school-aged adolescents in Bangladesh. Nationally 4 representative data extracted from the 2014 Global School-based Student Health Survey 5 (GSHS) were utilized. The information related to physical and mental health was collected 6 from 2989 school-aged adolescents in Bangladesh. To fulfill the study aims, an exploratory 7 data analysis and multivariate logistic regression model were employed. Female adolescents 8 were at a lower risk of being overweight or obese (AOR = 0.573) with a prevalence of 7.4% 9 compared to males (9.9%). The results showed that high consumption of vegetables (both: 10 AOR = 0.454; males: AOR = 0.504; and females: AOR = 0.432), high soft drink 11 consumption (both: AOR=2.357; males: AOR = 2.929; and females: AOR = 1.677), high fast 12 food consumption (both: AOR = 2.777; males: AOR = 6.064; and females: AOR = 1.695), 13 sleep disturbance (both: AOR = 0.675; males: AOR = 0.590; and females: AOR = 0.555), and
The University of Cambridge System for the CHiME-7 DASR Task

This paper summarises the Cambridge team’s work in the DASR Task of the CHiME-7 Challenge for speaker diarisation and automatic speech recognition (ASR). For speaker diarisa-tion, the combination of Pyannote and ECAPA-TDNN was explored. For ASR, a two-pass ASR system was built. The first-pass model was based on a CTC model fine-tuned from a pre-trained WavLM model, based on which test-time unsupervised adaptation was implemented before decoded with a 4-gram language model (LM). For the second-pass system, with WavLM-based encoders, forward and backward hybrid CTC/attention models, as well as a label-synchronous neural transducer model, were trained for re-scoring. As a result of these efforts, for the sub-track, the Cambridge system achieved 21.7% and 22.7% DA-WER on the overall Dev and Eval sets respectively, with 24.6% and 32.0% relative error-rate reductions over the challenge baselines. For the main track, an ECAPA-based system was used for diarisation. Using our diarisation, together with our proposed ASR, the submitted main-track system gave a DA-WER of 38.7% on the Eval set which is with a 30% relative reduction in error rate compared to the challenge baseline.
The significance of Paleoproterozoic zircon in carbonatite dikes associated with the Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe deposit

Sensitive high resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (SHRIMP II), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser Raman spectroscopy have been used to determine the ages in zircons from carbonatite dikes associated with the Bayan Obo giant REE-Nb-Fe deposit, Inner Mongolia, China. Analyses of small amounts of zircon extracted from large samples of three carbonatite dikes yield late Palaeoproterozoic 207Pb/206Pb ages of 1894 ± 27, 1944 ± 20 and 1956 ± 9 Ma. One sample also contained inherited grains with ages up to ∼2.55 Ga. Zircon grains, even from a single rock, have a wide range of REE patterns, suggesting that they are probably inherited zircons trapped during magma genesis, not zircons crystallized from a single magma. None of the zircon grains has the extremely high Th/U characteristic of the Bayan Obo ore deposit or of the associated carbonatites. Further, mineral inclusions in the zircon identified by Raman spectroscopy are all silicate minerals (quartz and feldspars), consistent with crystallization of the zircon from silicate, not from carbonate, magmas. The Palaeoproterozoic zircons in the Bayan Obo carbonatite dikes did not crystallize from carbonatite magma at the time of dike emplacement, but were derived from wall rock contamination. The ages obtained from the zircons are consistent with ages measured on basement igneous rocks elsewhere in the Bayan Obo region.
The book review column

Modern molecular biology, focusing on the hunt for structural and functional information about proteins and genes, has received an enormous boost from the field of computer science. Once it was realized that properties of newly discovered molecules could be inferred from similar, previously analyzed molecules, a boom in the use of databases, comparison algorithms and computer searches commenced. An unfamiliar molecule is first sequenced to determine the order of its DNA or protein subunits – four nucloetides in the case of DNA, 20 amino acids in the case of proteins. The molecule is then represented as a string of letters, one for each subunit, and from this alphabetic proxy much information may be gleaned. Sequence comparison algorithms have been around for less than 30 years and sophisticated methods for database searches were developed only within the last 15, yet today, it is inconceivable to start the analysis of a biological sequence without a BLAST or FASTA search of GenBank or Swiss-Prot or any of the other myriad, annotated, crosslinked databases maintained in research centers and national labs throughout the world. One of the first cases where biological function was hinted by a database search involved the unexpected near identity between fragments of the Simian sarcoma virus (SSV), which causes
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Using Sparse Coding for Answer Summarization in Non-Factoid Community Question-Answering

We focus on the task of summarizing answers in community question-answering (CQA). While most previous work on answer summarization focuses on factoid question-answering, we focus on non-factoid question-answering. In contrast to factoid CQA with a short and accurate answer, non-factoid question-answering usually requires passages as answers. The diversity , shortness and sparseness of answers form interesting challenges for summarization. To tackle these challenges, we propose a sparse coding-based summarization strategy, in which we can effectively capture the saliency of diverse, short and sparse units. Speciﬁcally, after transferring all candidate answer sentences into vectors, we present a coordinate descent learning method to optimize a loss function to reconstruct the input vectors as a linear combination of basis vectors. Experimental results on a benchmark data collection conﬁrm the effectiveness of our proposed method in non-factoid CQA summarization. Our method is shown to signiﬁcantly outperform the state-of-the-art in terms of ROUGE metrics.