Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SESAME V2 public key and authorisation extensions to Kerberos

There are increasing requirements for the availability of practical solutions to the problem of providing secure single sign-on for users to applications anywhere on a network, but with affordable security management. Kerberos has been proven to be an effective solution to this problem for a local network, or within closely linked groups of users, but Kerberos is constrained by its current limitations of supporting purely symmetric key distribution, and an identity-based authorisation model. This paper describes how the SESAME (Secure European System for Applications in a Multi-vendor Environment) project has integrated asymmetric key distribution, and authorisation support to extend Kerberos to provide significant scalability and manageability improvements. <<ETX>>
POS-tagging for Oral Texts with CRF and Category Decomposition

The ESLO (Enquete sociolinguistique d'Orleans, i.e. Sociolinguistic Survey of Orleans) campaign gathered a large oral corpus, which was later transcribed into a text format. The purpose of this work is to assign morpho-syntactic labels to each unit of this corpus. To this end, we first studied the specificities of the labels required for oral data, and their various possible levels of description. This led to a new original hierarchical structure of labels. Then, since our new set of labels was different from any of those of existing taggers, which are usually not fit for oral data, we have built a new labelling tool using a Machine Learning approach. As a starting point, we used data labelled by Cordial and corrected by hand. We used CRF (Conditional Random Fields), to try to take the best possible advantage of the linguistic knowledge used to define the set of labels. We measure accuracy between 85 and 90, depending on the parameters.
JSXC: Adding Encrypted Chat with 3 Lines of Code

If it isn’t on the web, it doesn’t exist. However, most of our current arsenal of web services are provided for free by large international corporations – free as in targeted advertising. More privacy-aware self-hosted alternatives frequently lack the feature set of their commercial rivals, leaving users to decide between privacy and functionality. Therefore, we present WISEchat (Web-Integrated Secure Enhanced Chat), our concept for enhancing practical security for web-based chat, as well as an implementation, the JavaScript XMPP Client (JSXC). By design, JSXC can be easily and painlessly integrated into existing webapps to equip them with encrypted chat capabilities, making them more attractive and thus more frequently providing a secure alternative as the most functional and convenient alternative.
Clustering Algorithm of Forming Dynamic Temporal Collaboration Groups

Clustering algorithm of forming of specialized dynamic collaboration groups with simultaneous schedule building of their work is being suggested. The base of this algorithm is a process of forming specialized dynamic temporal task groups. Temporal task group is a subset of tasks being performed in one time interval. Ensured characteristics of the specialized task group: maximum proximity of tasks relative to skills being used by them; observance of tasks parameters set a priori; possibility of simultaneous execution of group tasks. This algorithm jointly takes into account: personal skills, necessary for execution of tasks; composition and structure of tasks set; temporal parameters of tasks; dynamics of tasks. The algorithm ensures the stability of scheduling in the case of the tasks dynamics. The formation of specialized dynamic temporal collaboration groups is completed by means of assigning people to the tasks in the temporal task groups
Optimal user association and resource allocation for device-to-device communications underlaying cellular networks

We study a joint user association and resource allocation problem for device-to-device communications underlaying cellular networks. In particular, the problem formulation is to maximize the sum rate across cellular users (CUs) and device-to-device users (DUs) under the constraints of the minimum data rate requirements of individual users. To solve the problem, we decompose such optimization problem into two subproblems: the resource allocation subproblem for any pair of DU and CU, and the user association subproblem. Due to the convex nature of the resource allocation subproblem, we derive the optimal solution in the closed-form expression. We further relax the user association subproblem, although as an integer programming, to a linear programming, and then obtain its optimal solution via interior-point methods. Our analysis shows that the proposed algorithm has low overhead signaling during its implementation, and our simulation results further show that the proposed algorithm can guarantee the maximum system sum rate.
MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS IN GALAXY MERGER SIMULATIONS WITH EMBEDDED AGN

We study the effects of feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) on emission from molecular gas in galaxy mergers by combining hydrodynamic simulations whic h include black holes with a three-dimensional, non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) radiative tran sfer code. We find that molecular clouds entrained in AGN winds produce an extended CO morphology with significa nt off-nuclear emission, which may be detectable via contour mapping. Furthermore, kinematic si gnatures of these molecular outflows are visible in emission line profiles when the outflow has a large line of sigh t velocity. Our results can help interpret current and upcoming observations of luminous infrared galaxies, a s well as provide a detailed test of subresolution prescriptions for supermassive black hole growth in galaxy -scale hydrodynamic simulations. Subject headings: cosmology: theory —galaxies: formation —active —interact ions —ISM — line: formation
Dynamics analysis and simulation of parallel robot Stewart platform

The novelty of the paper is the comparison between the inverse dynamic solution based on Lagrangian formulation and the direct dynamic solution of the Stewart platform by simulation with ADAMS commercial engineering package. In this paper, based on the inverse kinematics, the Jacobian matrix and the dynamic equations of the six-degree-of-freedom Stewart platform are derived. The Inertia matrix and Coriolis-Centrifugal terms which are essential for control analyzing of this robot are also obtained. Finally, the results of the analytical solution using Lagrange method for a specific movement path which is simulated by ADAMS are compared and verified.
Telexistence and Retro-reflective Projection Technology (RPT)

This paper reviews how the original telexistence (tele-existence) technology has been developed, and describes a newly developed method of mutual telexistence using projection technology onto retro-reflective objects dubbed RPT (Retro-reflective Projection Technology). Telexistence is fundamentally a concept named for the general technology that enables a human being to have a real-time sensation of being at a place other than where he or she actually exists, and being able to interact with the remote environment, which may be real, virtual, or a combination of both. It also refers to an advanced type of teleoperation system that enables an operator at the control to perform remote tasks dexterously with the feeling of existing in a surrogate robot working in a remote environment. Telexistence in the real environment through a virtual environment is also possible. Although conventional telexistence systems provide an operator the real-time sensation of being in a remote environment, persons in the remote environment have only a feeling that a surrogate robot is presented, not the operator. Mutual telexistence aims to solve this problem so that the existence of the operator is apparent to persons in the remote environment by providing mutual sensations of p resence. This has become possible by the use of RPT.
High intrathecal bupivacaine for severe pain in the head and neck

Background: Severe pain in the head and neck is associated with a lowered quality of life and conventional pain therapy often does not provide adequate relief. The aims of this study were to investigate the efficacy, pain relief, benefits and adverse effects of intracisternal or high cervical (IHC) administration of bupivacaine in patients with severe pain in the head, neck and face regions.
Graph matching based hand posture recognition using neuro-biologically inspired features

An elastic graph matching algorithm using biologically inspired features is proposed for the recognition of hand postures. Each node in the graph is labeled using an image feature extracted using the computational model of the ventral stream of visual cortex. The graph nodes are assigned to geometrically significant positions in the hand image, and, the model graphs are created. Bunch graph method is used for modeling the variability in hand posture appearance. Recognition of a hand posture is done by the elastic graph matching between the model graphs and the input image. A radial basis function is used as the similarity function for the matching process. The proposed algorithm is tested on a 10 class hand posture database which consists of 478 grey scale images with light and dark backgrounds. The algorithm provided better recognition accuracy (96.35%) compared to the reported results (93.77%) in the literature.
Synaptically Released Acetylcholine Evokes Ca2+Elevations in Astrocytes in Hippocampal Slices

Recent results have demonstrated the existence of bidirectional communication between glial cells and neurons. We investigated in brain slices whether rat hippocampal astrocytes respond to acetylcholine synaptically released by an extrinsic pathway. We stimulated the stratum oriens/alveus, which contains cholinergic afferents from the septum and diagonal band of Broca, and recorded whole-cell membrane currents and intracellular Ca2+ levels of astrocytes located in the hippocampal stratum oriens. Nerve-fiber stimulation evoked a long-lasting inward current and increased the Ca2+ levels in astrocytes. Both astrocytic responses were abolished by tetrodotoxin or Cd2+ and were increased by 4-aminopyridine, indicating that the responses were attributable to synaptically released neurotransmitter. The inward current was inhibited by glutamate transporter antagonists, indicating that it was attributable to the electrogenic glutamate transporter activity. The synaptically evoked intracellular Ca2+elevations were not affected by glutamate receptor antagonists but were abolished by atropine, indicating that they were mediated by muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Thapsigargin prevented the Ca2+ elevation but did not modify the inward current, indicating that the Ca2+ signal was attributable to intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. These results indicate that hippocampal astrocytes respond to acetylcholine released by synaptic terminals. The synaptically released acetylcholine acts on muscarinic receptors, mobilizing Ca2+ from the intracellular stores. Different regions in the recorded astrocytes showed independent stimulus-induced Ca2+ variations, suggesting the existence of subcellular domains in the astrocytic responses evoked by the synaptic cholinergic activity. Therefore, our results show the existence of cholinergic neuron–astrocyte signaling and suggest that astrocytes are a target of axonal inputs from different brain areas.
EXAMINING THE CAUSES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN PAKISTAN

Juvenile delinquency refers to the behavior of the young people that violates the legal and social norms ranging from minor to serious types of actions which are against the society and family values (Champion, 1992). Young people involved in deliberate criminal acts take illegal advantage of the opportunities and continue with their criminal acts to become adult criminal. It has been considered that young people are at risk of delinquency who has suffered difficult life experiences like poverty, family dysfunction, substance abuse, childhood abuse and broken family. Further, unstable social environment, poorly developed skills and negative influence of peers predispose the young to delinquency. This paper investigates the socio-cultural factors and their influence on young people in adapting delinquent behavior in Pakistan. The paper also presents a historical background about the deviant behavior and presents statistics on the on trends in juvenile delinquency in Pakistan.
Direction augmented probabilistic scan matching

The scan matching is widely used for localization and mapping of mobile robots. In this paper, a direction of data point in the scan is approximated and this is incorporated into the scan matching algorithm to improve the performance. The direction of data point is the normal direction of the least squares fitted line based on neighbors of the data point. Owing to this incorporation, the performance of the scan matching can be improved. The number of iterations decreases, and the tolerance against a large relative-rotation between scans increases. Using real sensor data of a laser range finder, experimental results verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, the direction augmented probabilistic scan matching.
CONTRIBUTION OF UNRESOLVED POINT SOURCES TO THE DIFFUSE X-RAY BACKGROUND BELOW 1 keV

We present here the analysis of X-ray point sources detected in several observations available in the XMM-Newton public archive. We focused, in particular, on energies below 1 keV, which are of particular relevance to the understanding of the diffuse X-ray background (DXB). The average field of all the exposures is 0.09 deg−2. We reached an average flux sensitivity of 5.8 × 10−16ergs−1cm−2 in the soft band (0.5–2.0 keV) and 2.5 × 10−16ergs−1cm−2 in the very soft band (0.4–0.6 keV). In this paper, we discuss the log N–log S results, the contribution to the integrated X-ray sky flux, and the properties of the cumulative spectrum from all sources. In particular, we found an excess flux at around 0.5 keV in the composite spectrum of faint sources. The excess seems to be a general property of all the fields observed suggesting an additional class of weak sources is contributing to the X-ray emission at these energies. Combining our results with previous investigations, we have also quantified the contribution of the individual components of the DXB in the 3/4 keV band.
WHAT MATTERS FOR CHINESE GIRLS' BEHAVIOR AND PERFORMANCE IN SCHOOL: AN INVESTIGATION OF CO-EDUCATIONAL AND SINGLE-SEX SCHOOLING FOR GIRLS IN URBAN CHINA $

In this chapter, we utilize qualitative and quantitative data from a yearlong study in four urban Chinese middle schools to investigate the learning environments for girls at these schools; the behavior and performance of girls and boys in these environments; and what factors impact that behavior and performance. This study particularly focuses on socialization through moral education and the examination system as two sources of authority motivating students’ behavior and performance in school. In the analysis, girls attending three co-educational schools are compared with girls attending one single-sex school, and outcomes for girls are also considered alongside those of boys in the co-educational institutions. Findings indicate that although moral education is particularly emphasized by teachers at the all-girls school, female misbehavior and engagement with teachers is no different for girls attending the single-sex school compared to girls in co-educational schools. Furthermore, differences in outcomes between females and males across schools transcend school-level differences for misbehavior and engagement. However, at the same time, girls at all co-educational schools report higher Chinese and English grades compared to their math and science grades, whereas all-girls school students report no such differences in grades. In regression analysis, socialization variables appear to explain more about students’ misbehavior, whereas the desire to progress to higher levels of schooling explains more about grades and engagement with teachers. That said, socialization variables including moral attitude and attachment to teachers matter more for girls’ math and science grades and their engagement with teachers as compared to boys. This research provides a rare comparative look at education for urban Chinese students and offers new insights about what matters most for girls’ behavior and performance in school.
SUECICA Ultrastructural changes in the seeds of Pinus sylvestris L . during senescence

ODC 232.315 015.28 The ultrastructure of three parts (endos.vernz, rootlets and cotyledorrs) of aged seeds o f Pinus sylvestris L. has been studied. In dry seeds no clear differences resulting from ageing are seen as compared with resting living cells, but during imbibition clear differences are evident. Inhibition of development of the D N A containing structures, mitochondria and plastids, was the first indication o f senescence. Lipolysis usually preceded proteolysis, in contrast to the course o f events in living cells. Ms received 1974-08-15 Liber Forlag-Allmanna Forlaget ISBN 91-38-02082-3 Berlingska Boktryckeriet, Lund 1974
Improvement of Packet Loss Concealment for MP3 Audio Based on Switching of Concealment Method and Estimation of MDCT Signs

This paper describes packet loss concealment methods for MP3 audio. The proposed methods are based on estimation of modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) coefficients of the lost packets. The estimation of MDCT coefficients of lower dimensions is performed by switching two concealment methods: the sign correction method and the correlation-based method. The concealment methods are switched based on redundant side information calculated subband-by-subband for reducing MDCT prediction errors. Next, a method for improving estimation of MDCT coefficients of higher dimensions was proposed. The method estimates the absolute value and sign of an MDCT coefficient independently. The subjective evaluation experiment proved that both of the improvement methods for lower and higher dimensions effectively improved the subjective audio quality.
Jeremiah: the face of computer vision

This paper presents a humanoid computer interface (Jeremiah) that is capable of extracting moving objects from a video stream and responding by directing the gaze of an animated head toward it. It further responds through change of expression reflecting the emotional state of the system as a response to stimuli. As such, the system exhibits similar behavior to a child. The system was originally designed as a robust visual tracking system capable of performing accurately and consistently within a real world visual surveillance arena. As such, it provides a system capable of operating reliably in any environment both indoor and outdoor. Originally designed as a public interface to promote computer vision and the public understanding of science (exhibited in British Science Museum), Jeremiah provides the first step to a new form of intuitive computer interface.
The Reciprocal Relationship Between Perceptions of Moral Goodness and Knowledge of Others’ True Selves

The idea of true selves is widespread in folk psychology. Most research on this topic has focused on the precursors to and consequences of feeling that one knows or is expressing one’s own true self. As such, little is known about the conditions under which people feel like they know the true selves of others. In five studies (total N = 815), we tested and found support for the hypothesis that moral information is inherently tied to perceived knowledge of others’ true selves. Across all studies, using both descriptive texts (Studies 1–3) and computer-generated faces as stimuli (Studies 4 and 5), participants felt that they knew more about the true selves of highly moral targets relative to other targets and, conversely, believed the targets possessed more moral traits when they felt that they knew the individual’s true self.
Hierarchical spatial reasoning in image segmentation

In this paper, we propose a hierarchical image presentation which composes of multi-scale regions and spatial relationships among them. A four-step process, combined with image segmentation, is introduced to construct a hierarchical presentation for an image. Hierarchical spatial reasoning with several reasoning rules proposed is used to reconstruct the presentation and guide image segmentation. Experiment results demonstrate the advantage of our approach.
Paroxetine Can Enhance Neurogenesis during Neurogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells

Background: Some antidepressant drugs can promote neuronal cell proliferation in vitro as well as hippocampal neurogenesis in human and animal models. Furthermore, adipose tissue is an available source of adult stem cells with the ability to differentiate in to multiple lineages. Therefore, human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hAD-SCs) may be a suitable source for regenerative medical applications. Since there is no evidence for the effect of Paroxetine as the most commonly prescribed antidepressant drug for neurogenic potential of hADSCs, an attempt was made to determine the effect of Paroxetine on proliferation and neural differentiation of hADSCs. Methods: ADSCs were isolated from human abdominal fat. These cells differentiated to neuron-like cells and were treated with Paroxetine. 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and immunofluorescence technique were used for assessment of cell proliferation and neurogenic differentiation potential of induced cells, respectively. Results: MTT assay analysis showed that Paroxetine significantly increased the proliferation rate of induced hADSCs (p<0.05), while immunofluorescent staining indicated that Paroxetine treatment during neurogenic differentiation could enhance the mean percentage of Nestin and MAP2 (Microtubule-associated protein-2) positive cells but the mean percentage of GFAP (Glial acidic fibrillary protein) positive cells significantly decreased relative to control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that Paroxetine can promote proliferation and differentiation rate during neurogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Moreover, Paroxetine can reduce gliogenesis of induced hADSCs during neurogenic differentiation.
Adaptive wavelet filters in image coders-how important are they?

Wavelet-based image coding algorithms lossy or lossless, use a fixed perfect reconstruction (PR) filterbank built into the algorithm for coding and decoding all kinds of images. This generic approach of filter selection and usage may not always give the best compression from the viewpoint of a specific application. However, no systematic study has been done to see if using different wavelet filters for different image types improves the coding performance. To explore this problem, a variety of wavelets are used to compress a variety of images at different compression ratios and the results are reported here. The result, intuitive at best, is that the performance in lossy coders is image dependent and while some wavelet filters perform better than others depending on the image being coded, no specific wavelet filter performs uniformly better than others on all test images. This observation leads to the hypothesis that both for lossy and lossless compression, the "most appropriate" wavelets should be chosen adaptively depending on the statistical nature of image being coded, to achieve better compression.
Simple Language Models for Spam Detection

For this year’s Spam track we used classiﬁers based on language models. These models are used to compute the log-likelihood for each individual message and then classify them as either ham or spam. Diﬀerent data sets were used to train these language models. Our approach is simple, we initially create simple unigram language models and smooth the probabilities of unseen tokens by means of the expected likelihood estimator with a small discount probability tuned in a training corpus.