Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diferencias de sexo en adictos a las máquinas tragaperras

El objetivo del estudio es conocer las diferencias en funcion del sexo en jugadores patologicos adictos exclusivamente a maquinas tragaperras. La muestra estudiada esta compuesta por 150 sujetos (13 mujeres y 137 hombres) que durante el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2002 y diciembre de 2003 acudieron en demanda de tratamiento a cinco Unidades de Conductas Adictivas de la Comunidad Valenciana. Se estudiaron variables sociodemograficas, adictivas, consumo de sustancias y psicopatologia. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la entrevista clinica y los cuestionarios: SOGS, STAI, BDI y CBA. Encontramos diferencias estadisticamente significativas en el modo de vida (las mujeres viven solas con hijos o en casa de acogida) y situacion laboral (la mujeres estan paradas, realizan labores de amas de casa y si trabajan lo hacen en trabajos poco cualificados). En cuanto a las variables psicopatologicas destacar que las mujeres presentan niveles de depresion mas severos que los hombres. Esta diferencia puede ser debida a la situacion socioeconomica precaria y a la escasez de apoyo, o tambien puede ser el reflejo de la tendencia en poblacion general. Es necesario realizar nuevos estudios clinicos que nos permitan profundizar en las diferencias de sexo y evaluar si los trastornos del estado de animo son premorbidos o secundarios al juego patologico; todo ello con el objetivo de optimizar la respuesta asistencial.
Automatic newborn EEG seizure spike and event detection using adaptive window optimization

Paroxysmal events such as spikes in the newborn EEG are key indicators of central nervous system (CNS) functioning. Newborn EEG seizure events, which are characterised by repetitive spiking events, correspond to CNS dysfunction. Detection and identification of seizure is crucial so that steps can be taken to alleviate the factors causing seizure and to reduce the risk of brain damage. This paper provides a new EEG spike detection method based on an adaptive window optimization algorithm which has been used for an adaptive spectrogram. This technique is assessed using synthetic and real signals containing spikes. The spike detection method is then incorporated into an automatic newborn EEG seizure detection algorithm, which is evaluated using EEG recordings from 8 neonates.
Predicting functional outcome and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a glimpse into the crystal ball?

When encountering a patient with ischemic stroke, a stroke physician needs to make an outcome prediction for several reasons. First, a prediction may help patients and families have more realistic expectations about the patient’s future and plan their long-term living arrangements.1 Second, outcome prediction may be useful in making treatment decisions: for example, avoidance or de-escalation of aggressive treatment measures in patients who would achieve an excellent outcome regardless of such therapy or in those who would experience a poor and unacceptable outcome despite that treatment. Third, outcome prediction could aid in stroke research to control for case-mix variation in nonrandomized studies and to refine selection criteria in randomized, controlled acute stroke trials. An ideal stroke prognostic score system should include a limited number of readily available and relevant parameters, be easily and quickly applicable in the clinical setting (eg, without the need of complex mathematical formulas or nonconventional time-consuming additional investigations), be accurate with low intra- and inter-rater disagreement, be validated externally in large independent and preferably multiple populations, and be proven reliably useful in guiding treatment decisions. Extensive research has been performed during the recent years on prognostic scores for the prediction of stroke outcome and risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). 2–4 This review summarizes current prognostic scores, discusses the scientific background behind the scores’ main components, acknowledges their strengths and limitations, and highlights the areas which warrant further research. Because of the space limitations, scores which were initially developed for one outcome (eg, functional outcome) and were later validated also for other outcomes (eg, post-thrombolytic sICH) will be discussed only for the initially validated outcome. Furthermore, scores for strictly selected populations and scores for patients treated with endovascular procedures are not included in this review. Several prognostic scores (Table 1; Figure 1 …
Characterization of a Vibrio alginolyticus Strain, Isolated from Alaskan Oysters, Carrying a Hemolysin Gene Similar to the Thermostable Direct Hemolysin-Related Hemolysin Gene (trh) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

ABSTRACT A Vibrio strain isolated from Alaskan oysters and classified by its biochemical characteristics as Vibrio alginolyticus possessed a thermostable direct hemolysin-related hemolysin (trh) gene previously reported only in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. This trh-like gene was cloned and sequenced and was 98% identical to the trh2 gene of V. parahaemolyticus. This gene seems to be functional since it was transcriptionally active in early-stationary-phase growing cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of V. alginolyticus possessing a trh gene.
Fen Öğretimi Derslerinin Yapılandırmacı Öğrenme Ortamı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

The aim of this study was to evaluate the courses on science teaching in the classroom teacher and science teacher education programs in terms of constructivist learning theory principles. The subjects of the study were 240 pre-service teachers. The descriptive method was used in the study. The quantitative data of the study were collected by the Scale on Assessing Constructivist Learning Environments developed by Arkun and Askar (2010). The qualitative data of the study were collected through an interview with teacher educators. The findings showed that science teaching in science teacher education program was based on constructivist learning theory. Group factor is important for science teaching in the classroom teacher education program
Fast Audio Fingerprinting System Using GPU and a Clustering-Based Technique

In this paper, we present our audio fingerprinting system that detects a transformed copy of an audio from a large collection of audios in a database. The audio fingerprints in this system encode the positions of salient regions of binary images derived from a spectrogram matrix. The similarity between two fingerprints is defined as the intersection of their elements (i.e. positions of the salient regions). The search algorithm labels each reference fingerprint in the database with the closest query frame and then counts the number of matching frames when the query is overlaid over the reference. The best match is based on this count. The salient regions fingerprints together with this nearest-neighbor search give excellent copy detection results. However, for a large database, this search is time consuming. To reduce the search time, we accelerate this similarity search by using a graphics processing unit (GPU). To speed this search even further, we use a two-step search based on a clustering technique and a lookup table that reduces the number of comparisons between the query and the reference fingerprints. We also explore the tradeoff between the speed of search and the copy detection performance. The resulting system achieves excellent results on TRECVID 2009 and 2010 datasets and outperforms several state-of-the-art audio copy detection systems in detection performance, localization accuracy and run time. For a fast detection scenario with detection speed comparable to the Ellis' Shazam-based system, our system achieved the same min NDCR as the NN-based system, and significantly better detection accuracy than Ellis' Shazam-based system.
Visual responses in teleosts. Electroretinograms, eye movements, and circadian rhythms

We have recorded ocular potentials in response to brief flashes of light from two teleosts, the white perch (Roccus americana) and the green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus). The animals were respired and maintained in an alert state for up to 2 d. Responses were recorded with corneal and transcleral electrodes. The responses of green sunfish were composed of electroretinogram (ERG) and eye movement potentials, whereas the responses in white perch contained only the ERG. Injection of curare abolished the sunfish eye movement potentials, unmasking the ERG. Observation under infrared illumination established a direct relationship between eye movements and the fast potentials which could be abolished by curare. We found no evidence of circadian changes in the amplitude of the ERG b-wave of either species. However, our results combined with those of a previous study of sunfish ocular potentials (Dearry, A., and B. Barlow, Jr. 1987. J. Gen. Physiol. 89: 745-770) suggest that the sunfish visual system exhibits rhythmic changes in oculomotor responses, which appear to be controlled by a circadian oscillator.
Avian Conservation Areas as a Proxy for Contaminated Soil Remediation

Remediation prioritization frequently falls short of systematically evaluating the underlying ecological value of different sites. This study presents a novel approach to delineating sites that are both contaminated by any of eight heavy metals and have high habitat value to high-priority species. The conservation priority of each planning site herein was based on the projected distributions of eight protected bird species, simulated using 900 outputs of species distribution models (SDMs) and the subsequent application of a systematic conservation tool. The distributions of heavy metal concentrations were generated using a geostatistical joint-simulation approach. The uncertainties in the heavy metal distributions were quantified in terms of variability among 1000 realization sets. Finally, a novel remediation decision-making approach was presented for delineating contaminated sites in need of remediation based on the spatial uncertainties of multiple realizations and the priorities of conservation areas. The results thus obtained demonstrate that up to 42% of areas of high conservation priority are also contaminated by one or more of the heavy metal contaminants of interest. Moreover, as the proportion of the land for proposed remediated increased, the projected area of the pollution-free habitat also increased. Overall uncertainty, in terms of the false positive contamination rate, also increased. These results indicate that the proposed decision-making approach successfully accounted for the intrinsic trade-offs among a high number of pollution-free habitats, low false positive rates and robustness of expected decision outcomes.
CROSSROADS - Strategy, Problems, and a Theory for the Firm

In this paper we develop the outlines of a theory for the firm—a theory that guides a firm’s path to value creation, in response to the critique by von Hippel and von Krogh [ von Hippel E, von Krogh G (2016) Identifying viable "need–solution pairs": Problem solving without problem formulation. Organ. Sci. 27:207–221; henceforth Hippel–Krogh] of the problem-solving perspective as a theory of value creation. Hippel–Krogh argue (a) that problems and solutions cannot always be separated because they often emerge as problem–solution or need–solution pairs that are discovered serendipitously, and (b) that deliberately formulating or choosing a single, fixed problem restricts the firm from accessing the vast array of external problem solvers and restricts the firm from valuable reformulations of the problem and “rich landscape search. ” Although Hippel–Krogh raise interesting and important arguments, we claim that they miss what is most central about the problem-solving approach: the comparative, organizational, and strategic aspects of the theory. However, their critique is also important because it draws attention to a critical void in the problem-solving perspective, namely, the need for firms to possess a theory to guide their efforts at value creation.We argue that this theory for the firm links problem solving with a broader theory of value creation, thus responding to the concerns raised by Hippel–Krogh. We discuss how firms theorize the process of value creation by articulating an overall architecture and bundle of problems around which each firm uniquely organizes and governs as a path to value creation. We provide two brief, informal examples (Starbucks and Apple) to illustrate our points, linking these examples to the need–solution landscape proposed by Hippel–Krogh. In all, we provide a broad sketch and outline of a theory of value creation as it relates to problem finding and problem solving while concurrently responding to points raised by Hippel–Krogh.
Las áreas naturales protegidas de México; de su origen precoz a su consolidación tardía

Hacer una reflexion sobre las areas naturales protegidas de Mexico, particularmente desde sus origenes a finales del siglo XIX hasta su consolidacion en el siglo XX, es un recorrido que busca identificar las primeras manifestaciones de la conservacion de los recursos naturales durante el Porfiriato, especialmente los forestales que sirvieron de detonador en la proteccion de otros recursos asociados como la fauna, el agua y el suelo, hasta consolidar un sistema de areas naturales que incorporaron paisajes representativos del pais. Con ello se busca aportar nuevos elementos a la discusion sobre las motivaciones e intereses de todo tipo que estuvieron en juego en la proteccion de la flora y la fauna, recreando las diferentes politicas del estado mexicano y sus repercusiones en el movimiento conservacionista de la epoca. Haciendo enfasis en el periodo cardenista entre 1934 y 1940, caracterizado por un gran esfuerzo de revalorizacion de las areas naturales. Particularmente, con la creacion de parques nacionales y otras reservas que intentaron frenar y acotar el crecimiento de la frontera urbana que implico el deterioro y desaparicion de las areas forestales.
Crystal structure of cis-prenyl chain elongating enzyme, undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase

Undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPS) catalyzes the cis-prenyl chain elongation onto trans, trans-farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) to produce undecaprenyl diphosphate (UPP), which is indispensable for the biosynthesis of bacterial cell walls. We report here the crystal structure of UPS as the only three-dimensional structure among cis-prenyl chain elongating enzymes. The structure is classified into a protein fold family and is completely different from the so-called “isoprenoid synthase fold” that is believed to be a common structure for the enzymes relating to isoprenoid biosynthesis. Conserved amino acid residues among cis-prenyl chain elongating enzymes are located around a large hydrophobic cleft in the UPS structure. A structural P-loop motif, which frequently appears in the various kinds of phosphate binding site, is found at the entrance of this cleft. The catalytic site is determined on the basis of these structural features, from which a possible reaction mechanism is proposed.
Distribution and characterization of mosquitocidal toxin genes in some strains of Bacillus sphaericus

The binary toxin of Bacillus sphaericus strains forms a crystal in sporulating cells, while the mosquitocidal toxin is located in the cytoplasm of vegetative cells. The distribution of binary toxin (btx) and mosquitocidal toxin (mtx) genes in 53 strains of B. sphaericus was determined by hybridization of specific gene probes to chromosomal DNA in Southern blots. btx genes were found in all strains of serotype 5a5b examined and in some strains of serotypes 1a, 3, 6, 25, and 48, while mtx genes were detected in strains of serotypes 1a, 2a2b, 5a5b, 6, 9a9c, 25, and 48. Serotype 26a26b strains lacked both toxin genes, as did some strains of serotypes 2a2b, 3, 6, and 48. Partial DNA sequences of btx genes from five strains, together with published sequences, revealed four types of toxin among mosquitocidal B. sphaericus strains. most of the 42-kDa toxin gene of btx was identical in strains from serotypes 1a, 3, 6, and 48, and the gene is here classified as a type 1 btx gene. A serotype 3 strain isolated in Singapore possessed a unique 42-kDa toxin gene, here designated type 4; while the btx genes from strains of serotypes 5a5b and 25 are referred to as types 2 and 3, respectively.
The protective role of acquired host antigens during schistosome maturation

Summary Schistosomes grown in mice were tested at different stages of development for susceptibility to an in vitro cytotoxic effector mechanism involving eosinophils and an antibody directed against mouse determinants. Despite the fact that 5‐day lung worms and 6‐week adult worms both bound the antibody to their surfaces, eosinophils attached preferentially to the adults and killed them. Complement had an enhancing effect in this system. Those eosinophils which did adhere to the lung worms degranulated onto the tegument but were unable to mediate damage or killing, even when complement was activated at the parasite surface. The resistance shown by the lung worms was shared by 2‐week worms and small 3‐week worms. Larger 3‐week worms and older stages were, however, susceptible to cell‐mediated cytotoxicity in this system. We suggest that the host antigen disguise constitutes the major protective mechanism utilized by older schistosomes to evade immunity, but that the younger stages have an additional and equally effective mechanism of resistance.
Mining web logs for prediction models in WWW caching and prefetching

Web caching and prefetching are well known strategies for improving the performance of Internet systems. When combined with web log mining, these strategies can decide to cache and prefetch web documents with higher accuracy. In this paper, we present an application of web log mining to obtain web-document access patterns and use these patterns to extend the well-known GDSF caching policies and prefetching policies. Using real web logs, we show that this application of data mining can achieve dramatic improvement to web-access performance.
Variational stereovision and 3D scene flow estimation with statistical similarity measures

We present a common variational framework for dense depth recovery and dense three-dimensional motion field estimation from multiple video sequences, which is robust to camera spectral sensitivity differences and illumination changes. For this purpose, we first show that both problems reduce to a generic image matching problem after backprojecting the input images onto suitable surfaces. We then solve this matching problem in the case of statistical similarity criteria that can handle frequently occurring nonaffine image intensities dependencies. Our method leads to an efficient and elegant implementation based on fast recursive filters. We obtain good results on real images.
L’intégration du capital humain dans un outil de pilotage de la performance : le cas du tableau de bord stratégique

Cette communication examine comment un outil de controle de gestion, le tableau de bord strategique (TdB), permet-il d’integrer le capital humain dans le pilotage de la performance globale de l’entreprise ? La theorie des ressources (resource based view theory) considere que les Ressources Humaines (RH) sont des ressources internes precieuses pour l’entreprise. Cette theorie etablit un lien entre elles, les competences distinctives et l’avantage concurrentiel durable de l’entreprise. Un tel avantage devrait mener a une performance plus elevee sur le marche. Il devient donc imperatif pour les entreprises de piloter et surveiller les RH. Le TdB en tant qu’instrument de pilotage strategique offre cette possibilite. La revue de la litterature de gestion montre des divergences notoires quant a la nature et l’etendue de la prise en compte de la dimension sociale de la performance dans cet outil de controle strategique. Pour les promoteurs du balanced socrecard (BSC), un modele americain de TdB, les RH est une dimension qui contribue a la performance globale et il convient, en consequence, de se doter des indicateurs de gestion necessaires pour pouvoir la piloter. Neanmoins, le BSC demeure a dominance financiere. L’entreprise scandinave SKANDIA va au-dela du BSC dans la reconnaissance des RH comme facteur determinant de la performance globale et place le capital humain au centre de son TdB, nomme le Navigator. Notre etude adopte une approche qualitative fondee sur une etude de cas au sein d’un Groupe international francais du secteur de l’automobile que nous appelons GX. Nous comparons l’integration de la dimension RH dans le TdB (en construction) de la direction generale de GX et dans ceux identifies dans la litterature (le BSC et le Navigator). Les resultats de recherche montrent des differences a la fois au niveau de la demarche de construction, du contenu et de la forme des TdB etudies et en proposent des explications.
The effect of suppressive oral acyclovir on the psychological morbidity associated with recurrent genital herpes.

OBJECTIVES--To assess the psychological impact of recurrent genital herpes and to determine if longterm acyclovir has any impact on this morbidity. SETTING AND SUBJECTS--Patients with frequently recurring genital herpes attending a department of genitourinary medicine who were considered suitable for longterm acyclovir. METHODS--Patients completed an 80 item, self-administered psychological questionnaire before starting acyclovir and every three months for one year. Treatment was then stopped and three months later a further questionnaire was completed. The questionnaire consisted of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ); the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire (HADQ); Illness Attitude Scales and Illness Concern. Data were analysed by McNemar's test for changes in proportions and by Wilcoxon's test for changes in scores. RESULTS--102 patients were recruited: 55 men, and 47 women. Eighty two (80%) patients completed three months treatment, 75 (74%) six months, 64 (63%) nine months and 61 (60%) a year. Fifty (49%) of the original 102 patients completed the three months post treatment follow up. At first visit 63% (64/102) were designated as GHQ "cases". Within three months this decreased to 26% (21/82). McNemar's test showed that 67% (34/51) of the patients who were initially classified as GHQ "cases" became "noncases" after three months (p < 0.0001). There was a significant decrease in the proportion of HAD anxiety cases from visit one to visit two (p < 0.0001) and a decrease in illness concern scores from visit one to visit two (p < 0.0001). All these decreases were maintained throughout the years treatment with acyclovir. CONCLUSIONS--There is a substantial morbidity associated with frequently recurring genital herpes. However, acyclovir suppression significantly reduces illness concern and anxiety and is a useful addition to the treatment of this infection.
Design of elliptical electromagnetic bandgap structures for directive antennas

This paper presents the design of directive antennas for wireless communication systems by incorporating elliptical electromagnetic bandgap (EEBG) materials composed of metallic wires. These structures have an elliptical shape and are radially periodic, and they are excited at their center using a monopole antenna. Defects were introduced and designed in the EEBG structure to open electromagnetic localized modes inside its frequency bandgap, and then to create a directive beam. An antenna prototype, operating at digital communication services (DCS), personal communication services (PCS), and universal mobile telecommunications systems (UMTS) bands, was designed, fabricated, and tested. A good agreement is obtained between simulated and experimental results for both return loss and radiation patterns.