Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Evaluate Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccination

Cancer immunotherapy with antigen-loaded dendritic cell-based vaccines can induce clinical responses in some patients, but further optimization is required to unlock the full potential of this strategy in the clinic. Optimization is dependent on being able to monitor the cellular events that take place once the dendritic cells have been injected in vivo, and to establish whether antigen-specific immune responses to the tumour have been induced. Here we describe the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a simple, non-invasive approach to evaluate vaccine success. By loading the dendritic cells with highly magnetic iron nanoparticles it is possible to assess whether the injected cells drain to the lymph nodes. It is also possible to establish whether an antigen-specific response is initiated by assessing migration of successive rounds of antigen-loaded dendritic cells; in the face of a successfully primed cytotoxic response, the bulk of antigen-loaded cells are eradicated on-route to the node, whereas cells without antigen can reach the node unchecked. It is also possible to verify the induction of a vaccine-induced response by simply monitoring increases in draining lymph node size as a consequence of vaccine-induced lymphocyte trapping, which is an antigen-specific response that becomes more pronounced with repeated vaccination. Overall, these MRI techniques can provide useful early feedback on vaccination strategies, and could also be used in decision making to select responders from non-responders early in therapy.
Heterogeneity of human anti-pig natural antibodies cross-reactive with the Gal(alpha1,3)Galactose epitope.

BACKGROUND The cell surface carbohydrate moiety, Gal(alpha1,3)Galactose (alphaGal), has been implicated as the major determinant recognized by more than 80% of human anti-porcine natural antibodies (NAb). An ELISA system was developed for the detection of this subpopulation of porcine cell-reactive NAb using synthetic alphaGal conjugated to bovine serum albumin. METHODS A screen of 95 human serum samples by this method demonstrated marked variability in the alphaGal reactivity of unrelated donors. The percentage of alphaGal-reactive NAb relative to total immunoglobulin was determined for 10 donors. RESULTS alphaGal-reactive NAb comprised 1.0-2.4% of total serum IgG, whereas the range was from 3.9% to 8.0% for IgM. CONCLUSIONS The higher level of alphaGal-reactive IgM suggests that xenoreactive NAbs may be the product of germ-line genes. Two-dimensional gel analysis of affinity-purified alphaGal-reactive NAb from two donors provided evidence suggesting that IgM from this subpopulation of NAb were restricted in protein charge heterogeneity.
Multiple Pulmonary Nodules Detected by Computed Tomography: Diagnostic Implications

Prior to the advent of CT, the radiographic demonstration of multiple nonmiliary lung nodules usually indicated the presence of metastases or, less likely, granulomas. The increased sensitivity of CT at detecting small parenchymal pulmonary densities is accompanied by loss of specificity, creating uncertainty as to the significance of nodules detected at CT in any individual patient. During a 1 year period we reviewed all CT scans in our institution demonstrating three or more focal lung densities, noting these parameters: number of densities, maximum lesion size, presence of calcification as determined visually, and lesion morphology (linear or nodular). Of 137 patients with three or more focal lung densities at CT, nodule diagnosis was established on pathologic or clinical grounds in 114. Metastases accounted for 73%, with primary colon and lung malignancies and lymphoma the most common causes. Malignant nodules were statistically significantly larger, more numerous, and more rounded, whereas calcification was significantly associated with benign disease. However, no single criterion or combination of criteria was foolproof. Based on our results, we offer recommendations for further evaluation of nodules in several common clinical settings.
Effects of a Slashpipe Training Intervention on Postural Control Compared to Conventional Barbell Power Fitness

increasingly gained awareness in diverse areas such as competitive and recreational sports, rehabilitation and prevention in the last two decades. The task of postural control involves controlling the body’s position in space for (a) Stability (or balance) defined as the ability to maintain the body’s projected Center of Mass (COM) within the limits of the Base of Support (BOS). It also involves (b) Orientation, defined as the ability to maintain an appropriate relationship between the body segments and between the body and the environment for a task [1]. Core stability is needed for postural control and describes the ability to hold tension in the abdominal and lumbopelvic region and a global and a local stability system distinguished. The global system comprises larger, more superficial muscles such as rectus abdominus and external obliques [2,3]. They are responsible e.g. for hip flexion and extension and trunk rotation. In contrast, the local stability system refers to deep, spine stabilizing muscles such as the transverse abdominus and multifidus that are responsible for the segmental stability of the lumbar spine and fine adjustments in postural control [4,5]. However, both systems merge in a synergistic relation as both systems are involved for any movement task that involves the trunk region [6]. Thus an appropriate approach for postural control and stability training needs to be found that incorporates the synergistic relation between the global and local stability systems and concurrently elicit satisfactory training effects [7]. ReseaRch aRTicle
CNC MACHINE GROUP SCHEDULING METHODS IN A MULTITASKING SYSTEM

A proper production plan for bottlenecks is the key to productivity and cost-effectiveness in the machining industry. The paper describes specific aspects of the production planning and shop floor scheduling in the CNC machine groups system. Important factors in scheduling in these systems on the example of cutting CNC machines which are split into groups with a limited number of operators are listed. The idea of a machine operator operating more than one workstation at the same time is presented. The scheduling methods, their pros & cons, and limitations concerning practical side of planning process and the introduction to a workshop are explained and evaluated.
CLIMATIC AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC RISKS PERCEPTIONS AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES AMONG LIVESTOCK FAMILY FARMERS IN THE PAMPA BIOME

En el contexto de la crisis de la modernidad industrial, la capacidad adaptativa a los nuevos riesgos climaticos e socioeconomicos solamente se hace posible por medio de la percepcion y de la comprension de esos riesgos. Por medio de entrevistas con ganaderos de carne bovina de corte como principal fuente de ingresos, este trabajo describe las percepciones de ganaderos familiares del bioma Pampa de Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay sobre los riesgos climaticos e socioeconomicos que enfrentan. La investigacion confirmo que no existe un ganadero clarividente y que sea capaz de realizar previsiones totalmente correctas sobre los escenarios climaticos futuros, que suceden a largo plazo. Las familias ganaderas entrevistadas perciben con mayor facilidad los riesgos familiares, economicos e institucionales que amenazan la sustentabilidad de su actividad y de su modo de vida manera mas directa, en el corto plazo, e actuan para enfrentarlos. Este trabajo confirma que el pasaje de situaciones de riesgo a la efectiva percepcion de esos riesgos esta condicionada por barreras sociales y cognitivas, lo que dificulta las formas de adaptarse y administrar los conflictos inherentes a los cambios globales en las sociedades contemporaneas.
Oblique and parallel modes of vortex shedding in the wake of a circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers

Two fundamental characteristics of the low-Reynolds-number cylinder wake, which have involved considerable debate, are first the existence of discontinuities in the Strouhal8eyolds number relationship, and secondly the phenomenon of oblique vortex shedding. The present paper shows that both of these characteristics of the wake are directly related to each other, and that both are influenced by the boundary conditions at the ends of the cylinder, even for spans of hundreds of diameters in length. It is found that a Strouhal discontinuity exists, which is not due to any of the previously proposed mechanisms, but instead is caused by a transition from one oblique shedding mode to another oblique mode. This transition is explained by a change from one mode where the central flow over the span matches the end boundary conditions to one where the central flow is unable to match the end conditions. In the latter case, quasi-periodic spectra of the velocity fluctuations appear; these are due to the presence of spanwise cells of different frequency. (continued of back of this page)
On Building Classification from Remote Sensor Imagery Using Deep Neural Networks and the Relation Between Classification and Reconstruction Accuracy Using Border Localization as Proxy

Convolutional neural networks have been shown to have a very high accuracy when applied to certain visual tasks and in particular semantic segmentation. In this paper we address the problem of semantic segmentation of buildings from remote sensor imagery. We present ICT-Net: a novel network with the underlying architecture of a fully convolutional network, infused with feature re-calibrated Dense blocks at each layer. Uniquely, the proposed network combines the localization accuracy and use of context of the U-Net network architecture, the compact internal representations and reduced feature redundancy of the Dense blocks, and the dynamic channel-wise feature re-weighting of the Squeeze-and-Excitation(SE) blocks. The proposed network has been tested on INRIA's benchmark dataset and is shown to outperform all other state-of-the-art by more than 1.5% on the Jaccard index. Furthermore, as the building classification is typically the first step of the reconstruction process, in the latter part of the paper we investigate the relationship of the classification accuracy to the reconstruction accuracy. A comparative quantitative analysis of reconstruction accuracies corresponding to different classification accuracies confirms the strong correlation between the two. We present the results which show a consistent and considerable reduction in the reconstruction accuracy. The source code and supplemental material is publicly available at http://www.theICTlab. org/lp/2019ICTNet/
The potential of anthill soils in agriculture production in Africa: A review

In this review, we have attempted to highlight the critical role which anthills could play in sustainable agriculture practices as a locally available resource for the benefit of financially and soil fertility challenged smallholder farmers. Examples from across sub-Saharan Africa region have been elucidated in this paper on how the anthills have been utilized as a choice of low external input farming strategy for soil fertility challenges. Data from the study was collected through literature search from past and present research work by various scientists across the globe encompassing the internet and research articles. We have become aware that anthill soils could play a crucial role as an alternative to chemical fertilizer for farmers who have no means of buying inorganics. We recommend that for effective utilization of anthills in crop production, there is need to build the capacity of extension staff and farmers on the application method using micro dosing techniques and simple estimation of quantity for determining the requirements per hectare. Raising awareness to policy makers at all levels could stimulate interest on how this resource could be integrated as one of the components of integrated soil fertility management in conservation agriculture technologies. Carrying out studies which would focus on factors that could help in fast development of anthills would be key for enhancing crop development amongst the smallholder farmers challenged by cost of fertilizer input. * Corresponding Author: Kafula Chisanga  chisangak@nm-aist.ac. tz International Journal of Biosciences | IJB | ISSN: 2220-6655 (Print) 2222-5234 (Online) http://www.innspub. net Vol. 11, No. 5, p. 357-377, 2017
Agent-based simulation of electricity markets: a literature review

Liberalisation, climate policy and promotion of renewable energy are challenges to players of the electricity sector in many countries. Policy makers have to consider issues like market power, bounded rationality of players and the appearance of fluctuating energy sources in order to provide adequate legislation. Furthermore the interactions between markets and environmental policy instruments become an issue of increasing importance. A promising approach for the scientific analysis of these developments is the field of agent-based simulation. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of the current work applying this methodology to the analysis of electricity markets.
COMPOSITION COMPRISING AN ADENOVIRAL, EXPRESSION VECTOR COMPRISINGA CD4OL FUSION PROTEIN FOR GENERATING IMMUNE RESPONSES

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Clustering Research Based on Density Gradient

Cluster analysis, intending to help users understand the natural grouping or structure in a data set, has received a lot of attention in the last few years. Aimed to solve difficult problems in clustering with irregularly distributed data set, a new clustering algorithm based on density gradient is provided. With analysis of density of each point and its neighbors, the algorithm searches points with the maximum density and takes them as centers of original clusters. Then it combines some little clusters into larger clusters according to the distribution of boundary points between neighbor clusters. Experimental results show that the new algorithm has better performance than DBSCAN.
Chapter 8 Grounding Functional Requirements Classification in Organizational Semiotics

An information system has its requirements rooted in organizational policies and behaviour, the complexity of which is governed by the hierarchy and the dependencies of the activities within the organization. This complexity makes requirements analysis for an envisioned information system an intricately challenging task. The absence of well‐defined body of knowledge clearly specifying which requirements must be looked for further deepens the challenge of requirements analysis. Though requirements are broadly classified as functional and non‐functional, a special concern is required for func‐ tional requirements as the information system is expected to meet the behaviour of the organization. We explore the role of organizational semiotics in extracting and analys‐ ing functional requirements for an envisioned information system. We also report the results of supervised learning to automatically extract the functional requirements from the existing available documentation.
Do staple food subsidies improve nutrition ?

Many developing countries use in-kind staple food subsidies to improve the food security of poor households. However, economic theory and recent empirical evidence suggest that these food subsidies may have small or even negative effects on nutrition and dietary diversity. In this study, we examine the impact of India’s program of staple food subsidies, the Public Distribution System (PDS), on household consumption. Our empirical analysis exploits state-level changes to the generosity of PDS subsidies with the passage of India’s National Food Security Act in 2013. Using household monthly food purchase and consumption data from 30 villages across India, we find that increased PDS subsidies led to improved dietary diversity and “crowded-in” consumption of nutritious non-staple foods. PDS beneficiaries consumed 83% of the subsidy’s implicit income transfer in the form of food, suggesting that the subsidy did not cause them to substantially reduce their consumption of non-subsidized food. The effect of PDS subsidies on food consumption is highest in households where women have more control over the food budget, suggesting a role of intra-household bargaining. Overall, our results suggest that in-kind staple food subsidies can lead to large improvements in nutritional outcomes of poor households. ∗Corresponding author: Aditya Shrinivas (shriniv2@illinois.edu). Aditya is grateful to Ashwini Chattre, Jean Dreze and Andaleeb Rahman for helpful comments. Aditya is also thankful to Dr.R. Padmaja and Dr.G. Anupama for help with ICRISAT data. †University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Agricultural and Consumer Economics, Urbana, IL 6180 ‡Tata Cornell Institute, Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University
Bleeding Complications Associated With Cardiopulmonary Bypass

ARDIOPULMONARY bypass (CPB) for open-heart C surgery (OHS) is commonly performed in hospitals throughout the world. In the United States more than 250,000 OHS procedures are performed annually, primarily for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). ' With improvements in surgical techniques and extracorporeal oxygenation, the overall mortality for this procedure is low (1% to 4%). , However, excessive perioperative bleeding continues to complicate CPB. Management of the abnormal bleeding often requires reoperation and frequently is associated with excessive, and sometimes inappropriate, blood product administration that occasionally exceeds the available blood supply. In some hospitals more than 25% of all blood products are dedicated to OHS3 A concerted multispecialty approach between cardiac surgery, hematology, and transfusion medicine is required to reduce the need for reoperation and its increased and to minimize the possibility of transmitting transfusion-related diseases. The actual frequency of severe bleeding with CPB may vary, depending on the criteria used and the patient profile ~tudied. ~" An incidence of 3% to 5% is commonly reported when abnormal bleeding is defined as comprising more than 10 U of blood transfused in the perioperative p e r i ~ d . ~ When these patients undergo reoperation for excessive bleeding, more than half exhibit significant incomplete surgical hemostasis that is, a t least in part, corrected by exploration. However, the remaining patients bleed because of various acquired hemostatic defects, most commonly related to acquired transient platelet dysfunction (Table l) . 7 An appreciation for the various causes of bleeding following CPB and their incidence is essential for optimal management.
Foundations of Reasoning About Social Dominance

Understanding the factors that shape the social landscape is essential for living in a group, where dominant individuals often have greater control over and access to desired resources such as food and mates. Recently, researchers have demonstrated that preverbal infants, similar to their nonhuman primate relatives, already possess the cognitive schemas necessary to represent social dominance in relationships, using ecologically relevant cues such as relative physical size and group size. In this article, we discuss the phylogenetic and ontogenetic origins of infants’ and children’s capacity to represent social dominance in relationships and hierarchies, and examine how these initial representations are enriched across early childhood. KEYWORDS—social dominance; infancy; cognitive development; social status
IMAGE ANALYSIS BASED ON PROBABILISTIC MODELS*

ABSTRACT: This paper discusses random field based image classification methods, and in particular conditional random fields (CRF), for topographic mapping. A short review of the CRF principles reveals their main advantages, namely the possibility to incorporate local context into the classification to quantify the quality of the results in terms of probabilities. Three examples, the classification of point cloud data, multi-temporal and multi-scale classification of satellite images of different epochs and geometric resolution as well as the verification of existing land use data demonstrate the power and flexibility of CRF, but also its limitation in terms of capturing long range context. The paper closes with a short discussion on how to overcome this deficiency in the future.
A Modified Importance-Performance Framework for Evaluating Recreation-Based Experiential Learning Programs

This article describes a modified importance-performance framework for use in evaluation of recreation-based experiential learning programs. Importance-performance analysis (IPA) provides an effective and readily applicable means of evaluating many programs, but the near universal satisfaction associated with recreation inhibits the use of IPA in this area. Two specific modifications to the traditional IPA framework are proposed: (a) a reorganized matrix and (b) the inclusion of statistical variance. Sample data from a recreation-based experiential learning program are used to illustrate both the traditional and modified frameworks. Suggestions for Extension evaluators are provided.