Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Ethnographic Study of Small Business Owners/Operators Within the Food Service Industry

Abstract This study focuses on the observed behaviors of individual entrepreneurial practices of small business owners/operators within the foodservice industry. The focus of this four-year study was to combine observed behavior by the researcher and create a link between those observations and established entrepreneurial theory within academia. Conclusions are drawn from the observations in support of previous research by Hirsch and Peter's 1999 typology on individual entrepreneurial behaviors. This research was conducted as an avenue for future research endeavors in the field of foodservice and entrepreneurship.
Perspektiven für eine konzeptionelle Orientierung der Bildungsgeographie

Abstract. Education has become central to the social and political debates in many countries. Under the influence of comparative international studies as well as national rankings of education institutions there is a growing awareness for social and regional inequalities of formal education infrastructure and processes. This article focuses on the geographical education research in Germany by reviewing existing research work on the one hand and opening perspectives for future studies in geography of education on the other. The main aim is to restructure the field of German Bildungsgeographie (geography of education) along key concepts and perspectives from human geography. After a brief introduction, the first part discusses the concept of Bildung (education) and its transformation. The following chapter sketches the major lines of research in geography of education in the German-speaking context. In the last and most extensive part six key concepts from human geography are pointed out as suitable reference points to situate existing and future research activities in the field of geography of education.
Vocational preference and P-O fit: Reflections on Holland's theory of vocational choice

It is 40 years since Holland first proposed his theory of vocational choice. In that period it is probably true to say that it has attracted more research than any other vocational guidance measure. This paper looks at the central concept in his theory (congruence) and other areas of vocational guidance, namely “fit”. It also looks at current research issues relating to Holland’s theory. Particular attention is paid to the research papers that examine the overlap between the six (RAISEC) personality types of Holland and the consensually accepted “Big Five” factor view of personality theorists. Finally a summary of the major theoretical, empirical, and methodological problems in the area is discussed.
Management of pediatric ‘cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate’

“Cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate” (CICO) is a rare, life‐threatening situation. We describe a pediatric case of CICO and highlight some educational points.A 3‐year‐old boy who collapsed in the bathtub came to our emergency department. On admission, he went into cardiac arrest probably because of an airway obstruction. We judged his condition as CICO and carried out an emergent tracheostomy after several attempts to perform a cricothyroidotomy failed. We continued resuscitation; however, circulation did not return spontaneously.
A Field Experiment Comparing Information-Privacy Values, Beliefs, and Attitudes Across Several Types of Organizations

South Bend, IndianaThe present study examined (a) the effect of organizational type (a manipulatedvariable) on individuals' information-privacy values, beliefs, attitudes, and be-havioral intentions and (b) relationships between the same measured variablesSix organizational types were used (1 e., employers, insurance companies, lawenforcement agencies, credit grantors, lending institutions, and the Internal Rev-enue Service). Data on the dependent variables were obtained through the useof structured interviews involving 193 randomly selected residents of a mid-western state Multivanate and univanate analyses revealed (a) significant dif-ferences among the organizational types on information-privacy values, beliefs,and attitudes, and (b) significant correlations between these and other measuredvanables The implications of these findings for organizational and societal policymaking concerning the treatment of information about individuals are discussed
Conscious access to the unisensory components of a cross-modal illusion

It is often claimed that binding information across sensory modalities leads to coherent, unitary mental representations. The dramatic illusions experienced as a result of intersensory conflict, such as the McGurk effect, are often attributed to a propensity of the perceptual system to impose multisensory coherence onto events originating from a common source. In contrast with this ssumption of unity, we report an unexpected ability to resolve the timing between sound and sight regarding multisensory events that induce an illusory reversal of the elements specified in each modality. This finding reveals that the brain can gain access, simultaneously, to unisensory component information as well as to the result of the integrated multisensory percept, suggesting some degree of penetrability in the processes leading to cross-modality binding.
NEW LABOUR AND SCHOOL LEADERSHIP 1997–2007

ABSTRACT: We draw on empirical data and theorising that focuses on the relationship between the state, public policy and knowledge in the construction and configuration of school leadership under New Labour from 1997. Specifically we show how a school leadership policy network comprises people in different locations who operate as policy entrepreneurs in shaping policy.
Reduction of off-state leakage current on fully depleted DG-MOSFETs

This paper will discuss the analysis and reduction of off-state leakage current on DG MOSFETs. We examine the influence of channel length (Lg) and channel thickness (Tsi) on device performance of nanoscale Double Gate (DG) MOSFETs, employing Non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism. When the channel length is shrinks down, the electrostatic controllability of the gate over the channel decreases due to the increased charge sharing from source/drain. The present work provides design insights into the performance of nanoscale DG-MOSFET devices with optimal channel engineering and serves as a tool to optimize important device and technological parameters for 10–24′nm range.
The roles of negative affect and coping motives in the relationship between alcohol use and alcohol-related problems among college students.

OBJECTIVE Although studies have consistently indicated that among college students alcohol use and the likelihood of experiencing alcohol-related problems are related, it is possible that additional factors strengthen the magnitude of this relationship. The purpose of the present study was to assess the moderating effect of two such factors: negative affect and coping drinking motives. METHOD Data were collected on 316 college students at a midsized, public university in the upper Midwest who reported using alcohol. RESULTS Findings indicated that both negative affect and coping drinking motives moderated the alcohol use-alcohol problems relationship. The three-way interaction indicated that the strongest relationship between alcohol use and alcohol-related problems existed for individuals high in both negative affect and coping drinking motives. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that college students high in negative affect and coping drinking motives are particularly at risk for experiencing problems as a result of their alcohol use, indicating that clinicians should consider screening for these factors when conducting alcohol-related prevention and intervention efforts.
Distraction and cognitive performance.

Abstract The effects of distraction on cognitive performance were examined in a series of experiments. Several factors were found to influence the extent of any distraction effect, including the complexity of the main task (defined in various ways), the relationship between the distracting stimuli and the task stimuli, and the stage of practice. Of particular importance was the consistent finding that distraction effects were interactively determined by task complexity and by the similarity between task and distracting stimuli, with similarity affecting distraction only at moderate and high levels of task complexity. The results were interpreted in terms of a theoretical account which emphasised the notion that resisting distraction requires processing resources, and that distraction effects therefore depend on the total processing demands of the task situation.
A Novel Handover Prediction Scheme in Content Centric Networking Using Nonlinear Autoregressive Exogenous Model

Content Centric Networking (CCN) has been recently proposed as a potential candidate for the future Internet architecture. It allows users to focus on the data they are interested in, rather than having to connect to a specific physical host where the data locates. CCN is claimed to inherently support mobility. While this is true for content receivers, source mobility as well as handovers still remain a challenging tasks in CCN. This paper proposes a novel handover prediction mechanism based on received signal strength (RSS), delay and handover cost using the nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model (NARX). We first introduce a mathematical model using Integer Linear Programming (ILP) to solve the handover decision problem assuming that the mobility scenario is known. This ILP model minimizes the overall cost over the considered time period including the cost of handover and the cost of using a certain network. The ILP model guarantees an optimal handover solution, which is then used to train the NARX. After the learning phase, the NARX can automatically make the handover decision based on RSS and delay information. The performance evaluation shows that our new mechanism can avoid the ``ping-pong" effect usually seen in threshold-based approaches, and also outperforms the threshold-based handover in terms of delay, which results in a better Quality of Service.
Evaluation of Reflex Cold Provocation by Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Clinically Healthy Subjects with a History of Cold Hands

The aim of the present study was to investigate capillary blood flow and the reaction to cold provocation by means of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and measurement of skin temperature at the fingertip of 39 healthy subjects who had a history of cold hands and feet but were free of any clinically significant vasospastic symptoms. A group of 39 sex- and age-matched healthy subjects without such complaints served as the control. The anamnestic complaints about cold hands and feet could be substantiat ed by the presence of a lower baseline skin perfusion and temperature. However, the maintenance of the normal range of reagibility to a reflex contractile stimu lus with an unaltered potential to recover distinctly separates these subjects from patients with Raynaud's disease.
Curiosity-driven phonetic learning

This article studies how developmental phonetic learning can be guided by pure curiosity-driven exploration, also called intrinsically motivated exploration. Phonetic learning refers here to learning how to control a vocal tract to reach acoustic goals. We compare three different exploration strategies for learning the auditory-motor inverse model: random motor exploration, random goal selection with reaching, and curiosity-driven active goal selection with reaching. Using a realistic vocal tract model, we show how intrinsically motivated learning driven by competence progress can generate automatically developmental structure in both articulatory and auditory modalities, displaying patterns in line with some experimental data from infants.
Null Result in gamma-ray burst lensed echo search

We have searched for gravitational-lens-induced echoes between gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) data. The search was conducted in two phases. In the first phase we compared all GRBs in a brightness-complete sample of the first 260 GRBs with recorded angular positions having at least a 5% chance of being coincident from their combined positional error. In the second phase, we compared all GRB light curves of the first 611 GRBs with recorded angular positions having at least a 55% chance of being coincident from their combined positional error. No unambiguous gravitational lens candidate pairs were found in either phase, although a 'library of close calls' was accumulated for future reference. This result neither excludes nor significantly constrains a cosmological origin for GRBs.
The effect of cueing on change blindness and same blindness

We used the change blindness paradigm of Landman, Spekreijse, and Lamme (2003) to measure the effect of cues on the ability to detect changes between two presentations of an array of eight rectangles separated by an interstimulus interval (ISI). Next, we measured the ability to detect sameness as the target rectangle remained the same when all of the others changed orientation. We were surprised to find no difference between change-detection and same-detection performance. These results (1) are consistent with the notion that some kind of internal representation was cued during the ISI, (2) mitigate against the recruitment of grouping strategies and/or forming a Gestalt, and (3) imply that under conditions facilitated by cues same-detection performance can be as good as change-detection performance.
Resistance of Native Plant Functional Groups to Invasion by Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae)

Abstract Understanding the relative importance of various functional groups in minimizing invasion by medusahead is central to increasing the resistance of native plant communities. The objective of this study was to determine the relative importance of key functional groups within an intact Wyoming big sagebrush–bluebunch wheatgrass community type on minimizing medusahead invasion. Treatments consisted of removal of seven functional groups at each of two sites, one with shrubs and one without shrubs. Removal treatments included (1) everything, (2) shrubs, (3) perennial grasses, (4) taprooted forbs, (5) rhizomatous forbs, (6) annual forbs, and (7) mosses. A control where nothing was removed was also established. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block with 4 replications (blocks) at each site. Functional groups were removed beginning in the spring of 2004 and maintained monthly throughout each growing season through 2009. Medusahead was seeded at a rate of 2,000 seeds m−2 (186 seeds ft−2) in fall 2005. Removing perennial grasses nearly doubled medusahead density and biomass compared with any other removal treatment. The second highest density and biomass of medusahead occurred from removing rhizomatous forbs (phlox). We found perennial grasses played a relatively more significant role than other species in minimizing invasion by medusahead. We suggest that the most effective basis for establishing medusahead-resistant plant communities is to establish 2 or 3 highly productive grasses that are complementary in niche and that overlap that of the invading species. Nomenclature: Medusahead, Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski TACA8; bluebunch wheatgrass, Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Löve ssp. spicata PSSPS; longleaf phlox, Phlox longifolia Nutt. PHLO2; Wyoming big sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young ARTRW8
Real-Time Radiometric Compensation for Optical See-Through Head-Mounted Displays

Optical see-through head-mounted displays are currently seeing a transition out of research labs towards the consumer-oriented market. However, whilst availability has improved and prices have decreased, the technology has not matured much. Most commercially available optical see-through head mounted displays follow a similar principle and use an optical combiner blending the physical environment with digital information. This approach yields problems as the colors for the overlaid digital information can not be correctly reproduced. The perceived pixel colors are always a result of the displayed pixel color and the color of the current physical environment seen through the head-mounted display. In this paper we present an initial approach for mitigating the effect of color-blending in optical see-through head-mounted displays by introducing a real-time radiometric compensation. Our approach is based on a novel prototype for an optical see-through head-mounted display that allows the capture of the current environment as seen by the user's eye. We present three different algorithms using this prototype to compensate color blending in real-time and with pixel-accuracy. We demonstrate the benefits and performance as well as the results of a user study. We see application for all common Augmented Reality scenarios but also for other areas such as Diminished Reality or supporting color-blind people.
Cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke

Introduction: Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability in adults worldwide. Unfortunately, current therapy which targets vessel recanalization has a narrow treatment window, and at this time neuroprotective approaches are not effective for stroke treatment. However, after stroke the parenchymal and endothelial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) respond in concert to ischemic stressors and create a microenvironment in which successful recovery may ensue. Neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, axonal sprouting, glial cell activation, angiogenesis and vascular remodeling within the brain and the spinal cord are stimulated post stroke. Cell based-therapy amplifies these endogenous restorative effects within the CNS to promote functional outcome. Areas covered: This article reviews current knowledge of cell-based therapy in the adult brain after stroke, including transplanted cell type, benefits and risks, with an emphasis on mechanisms of action. Expert opinion: Experimental studies and clinical trials with cell-based therapy in stroke appear promising. Cell-based therapy is not intended for the replacement of damaged cells, but for the remodeling of the CNS by promoting neuroplasticity, angiogenesis and immunomodulation. However, there are risks associated with the use of cell-based therapy, and adequate evaluation of these potential risks is a prerequisite before clinical application for stroke patients.
Students as Tenuous Agents of Social Control of Professorial Misconduct

The role of college and university teaching requires professional choices by faculty members that pertain to such matters as course planning and course design, communication with a class, grading criteria for student assignments and examinations, in-class relationships with students, and course content. Most college and university faculty members possess considerable autonomy in making such professional choices. Students are clients of college teaching role performance (Braxton & Bayer, 1999). Thus the professional choices made by faculty members affect the welfare of students. As a consequence, norms, or prescribed and
Environmental Scanning Initiatives of SMEs in Singapore

Due to rapid changes and more intense competition happening in today's marketplace, the business environment is increasingly becoming uncertain and volatile. As a result, the ability to conduct effective environmental scanning is becoming critical for organizations to survive and succeed. This study investigates environmental scanning and information sharing practices of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Singapore. The objectives of the study included looking into the information needs of SMEs, the sources frequently utilized for the acquisition of environmental information and how this information is processed, stored, disseminated and utilized. A pre-tested questionnaire was used for collecting data and 45 SMEs, representing different industries, participated in the study. It was found that a majority of the participating companies perceived external environmental information as critical to their survival and growth and conduct frequent environmental scanning activities. However, improvements should be made to the effectiveness of environmental scanning, as the collected information may not be disseminated to the end-users in a timely manner.
Multiple-Choice Intelligibility Lists for Spanish Speech Audiometry

ResumeL'objet de cette recherche etait, par I'etude des mots communs des pays espagnols, d'etablir tout d'abord un vocabulaire qui puisse etre utilise avec des connaissances preliminaires pour tester des orateurs, des auditeurs ainsi que I'equipement communicatif, puis de decouvrir des mots dont on puisse se servir comme reponse d'une epreuve d'intelligibilite a multiple choix pour epreuve de discrimination. Les resultats accidentels obtenus par cette etude etaient d'abord des approximations, des traits caracteristiques de la langue touchant differemment l'intelligibilite.Nous avons etabli une liste consistant en 1,000 mots-test espagnols bisyllabiques «graves». Les mots etaient choisis d'un modele de 2962 mots pris dans des jounaux de 19 pays de langue espagnole-americaine. Les mots etaient ranges sans ordre dans 20 listes de 50 mots chacune. Dix hommes espagnols dictaient les mots a un magnetophone, ils furent rejoues, sans bruit et avec, et recus par 65 auditeurs espagnols-americains portant un casque.
Usage of Gamification Theory for Increase Motivation of Employees

Games have amazing ability to hold people's attention for a long time, build relationship, win recognition and develop creativity. Games can be considered as a sample of motivation and job involvment, so now we are trying to apply these techniques into the labor process. In the following article gamification term is given and history of gamification theory is analyzed. Besides problems of application of gamification method in sector of national economy are examined. Also analysis of the possibilities of implementation this theory to the Russian reality is presented. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n1s3p77
Lower matching conjecture, and a new proof of Schrijver's and Gurvits's theorems

Friedland's Lower Matching Conjecture asserts that if $G$ is a $d$--regular bipartite graph on $v(G)=2n$ vertices, and $m_k(G)$ denotes the number of matchings of size $k$, then $$m_k(G)\geq {n \choose k}^2\left(\frac{d-p}{d}\right)^{n(d-p)}(dp)^{np},$$ where $p=\frac{k}{n}$. When $p=1$, this conjecture reduces to a theorem of Schrijver which says that a $d$--regular bipartite graph on $v(G)=2n$ vertices has at least $$\left(\frac{(d-1)^{d-1}}{d^{d-2}}\right)^n$$ perfect matchings. L. Gurvits proved an asymptotic version of the Lower Matching Conjecture, namely he proved that $$\frac{\ln m_k(G)}{v(G)}\geq \frac{1}{2}\left(p\ln \left(\frac{d}{p}\right)+(d-p)\ln \left(1-\frac{p}{d}\right)-2(1-p)\ln (1-p)\right)+o_{v(G)}(1). $$ In this paper, we prove the Lower Matching Conjecture. In fact, we will prove a slightly stronger statement which gives an extra $c_p\sqrt{n}$ factor compared to the conjecture if $p$ is separated away from $0$ and $1$, and is tight up to a constant factor if $p$ is separated away from $1$. We will also give a new proof of Gurvits's and Schrijver's theorems, and we extend these theorems to $(a,b)$--biregular bipartite graphs.