Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CAGD Tools for High Quality Grid Generation and Sparse Representation

In this paper we present some new techniques for generating high quality hexahedral meshes. The methods are mainly based on fast algorithms for approximation and fairing. Using a multi block concept we represent grids as a collection of parametric smooth mappings determined by possibly few control points. Thus these concepts lead to a significant amount of storage reduction without loss of accuracy. Fairing of the surfaces has been implemented to get rid of microscopic wriggling. Especially for adaptive codes this leads to much smoother solutions. Mesh refinement can be done by simple function evaluation. Most methods are implemented as part of a new flow solver for large scale simulations of compressible fluid-flow and fluid-structure interaction. The discretization is based on a cell centered finite volume scheme. For this part of the flow solver the cells may be of arbitrary topology. Thus it can handle hanging nodes. The adaptation is based on multiscale analysis.
Soft Planar Shadows Using Plateaus

Abstract This paper presents an algorithm for rapidly creating and rendering soft shadows on a plane. It has the advantages of rapid generation on current hardware, as well as high quality and a realistic feel on a perceptual level. The algorithm renders the soft shadow to a texture. It begins with a hard drop shadow, then uses the object's silhouet te edges to generate penumbrae in a single pass. Though the shadows generated are physically inaccurate, this technique yields penumbrae that are smooth and perceptually convincing.
Fault Tolerance by Design Diversity: Concepts and Experiments

ion versus procedural specifications. More experience is needed in wxriting and using true abstract specifications as xvell as "rapid prototypes. " What are the consequences of introducing bias in a "rapid prototype," and are the more difficult abstract specifications wxorth the extra effort? This experiment showed that, at the current lexel of dexelopment, a familiar procedural specification, PDL, was easier to use and understand than the more difficult, unfamiliar, abstract specification of OBJ. Our studv of both formal and informal specification languag-es has showxn that none of the languages available is sufficiently automated. Formal specification languaaes, while showing promise for the future, thus far have been Xerv difficult to use and understand and are sex erely limited in poxxer. SPEC. FAU LT
AN EFFECTUAL APPROACH FOR THE RECOGNITION OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONS FROM FRONTAL FACIAL IMAGES

Humans can easily detect the facial expressions but development of Facial Expression Recognition System that recognizes facial expressions automatically is a challenging task. Facial expression recognition system has many applications such as human computer interaction, face identification and teleconferencing etc. Due to this, it gains interest of the researchers and has become an active research area. In this research work, an Automatic Facial Expressions Recognition System is presented that recognizes three principal expressions that are Happy, Sad and Neutral. The system uses an efficient approach for the recognition of those expressions on the basis of some extracted features. For expression recognition, system follows a step by step procedure that comprises face detection, feature extraction and expression recognition. Once face detection is performed, feature of interested region that is mouth, is extracted. In feature extraction, range of the expressions is defined with both minimum and maximum values by using the height of the mouth image. After that expression recognition is performed based on some conditional approach and extracted features. The whole system is implemented on the dataset of 200 images of frontal facial expressions of Happy, Sad and Neutral by using MATLAB. The images are collected from the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (KDEF) Database. The result obtained after implementation was excellent. The system gave 100% performance for the recognition of three specified expressions.
Child's play: computer games, theories of play and children's development

The purpose of this project is to examine the ways in which classical and modern theories of play may be applied to an analysis of the developmental value of computer software in the early childhood years. Modern and classical theories of play have identified many ways in which play may advance the cognitive, social and emotional development of children. However, in the last two decades there has been concern that play is being replaced by other activities such as computer games, ranging from commercial arcade games to different kinds of educational software. Whilst there has been an ongoing debate about the advantages and disadvantages of children's computer use, increased computer access for children in today's homes and childcare centres has become a reality. In view of this situation it is important that early childhood educators are able to judge the quality of computer games. When assessing the quality of particular items of computer software for young children, researchers refer to its developmental appropriateness. Within this frame of reference, software designers aim to present educational content in a playful way to make it more attractive and accessible to its young audience. However, there is a relative lack of focus on the value of computer use as play per se. If computer games are to become a significant part of children's lives we need to look at their developmental value from the same perspective that is taken when considering the significance of play in child development.
Comparative Analysis of DSR, FSR and ZRP Routing Protocols in MANET

Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes that are arbitrarily located so that the interconnections between nodes are dynamically changing. A routing protocol is used to find routes between mobile nodes to facilitate communication within the network. The main goal of such an ad hoc network routing protocol is to establish correct and efficient route between a pair of mobile nodes. Route should be discovered and maintained with a minimum of overhead and bandwidth consumption. There are number of routing protocols were proposed for adhoc networks. It is quiet difficult to compare all of the protocols. This paper presents performance evaluation of three different routing protocols i.e. Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (DSR), Fisheye State Routing (FSR) and Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) with respect to variable pause times. Performance of DSR, FSR and ZRP is evaluated based on Average end-to-end delay, Packet delivery ratio, Throughput and Average Jitter. Based on the simulation results DSR perform well compare with other protocol except the jitter. Simulations of protocols to analyze their performance in different conditions were performed in NS 2 simulator.
Parallel Inductive Logic

The generic task of Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) is to search a predeened subspace of rst-order logic for hypotheses that in some respect explain examples and background knowledge. In this paper we consider the development of parallel implementations of ILP systems. A rst part discusses the division of the ILP-task into subtasks that can be handled concurrently by multiple processes executing a common sequential ILP algorithm. We deene the notion of a valid partition of an ILP-task, and test this deenition against two problem speciications that have been employed within ILP. The second part of the paper fo-cuses on the algorithmic description, prototypical implementation, and comparative evaluation of a parallel version of the clausal discovery system Claudien.
Baumgartner’s isomorphism problem for ℵ 2 -dense suborders of R

In this paper we will analyze Baumgartner’s problem asking whether it is consistent that 2 ℵ 0 ≥ ℵ 2 and every pair of ℵ 2 -dense subsets of R are isomorphic as linear orders. The main result is the isolation of a combinatorial principle ( ∗∗ ) which is immune to c.c.c. forcing and which in the presence of 2 ℵ 0 ≤ ℵ 2 implies that two ℵ 2 -dense sets of reals can be forced to be isomorphic via a c.c.c. poset. Also, it will be shown that it is relatively consistent with ZFC that there exists an ℵ 2 dense suborder X of R which cannot be embedded into − X in any outer model with the same ℵ 2 .
Characteristics and treatment response of self-identified problematic Internet users in a behavioral addiction outpatient clinic

Aims: Controversies remain about the validity of the diagnosis of problematic Internet use. This might be due in part to the lack of longitudinal naturalistic studies that have followed a cohort of patients who self-identify as having Internet-related problems. Methods: This retrospective study included 57 patients who consulted the Geneva Addiction Outpatient Clinic from January 1, 2007, to January 1, 2010. Patients underwent an initial clinical psychiatric evaluation that included collection of data on socio-demographics, method of referral, specific Internet usage, psychiatric diagnosis, and Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) scores. Treatment consisted of individual psychotherapeutic sessions. Results: Of these patients, 98% were male and 37% were 18 years or younger. Most patients were online gamers (46% playing massively multiplayer online role-playing games). The mean IAT score was 52.9 (range 20–90). Sixty-eight percent of patients had a co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis, with social phobia being the most prevalent (17.8%). Patients who remained in treatment (dropout rate 24%) showed an overall improvement of symptoms: 38.6% showed significant or average improvement on their CGI score, 26.3% showed minimal improvement, and 14% showed no change. Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that there are specific types of Internet use, with online gaming mainly affecting young male patients. As Internet addiction is not yet an official diagnosis, better instruments are needed to screen patients and to avoid false-negative and false-positive diagnoses. Successful care should integrate the treatment of co-morbid symptoms and involve families and relatives in the therapeutic process.
Microinjection of nonmuscle and smooth muscle caldesmon into fibroblasts and muscle cells

Caldesmon is present in a high molecular mass form in smooth muscle and predominantly in a low molecular mass form in nonmuscle cells. Their biochemical properties are very similar. To examine whether these two forms of caldesmon behave differently in cultured cells, we microinjected fluorescently labeled smooth muscle and nonmuscle caldesmons into fibroblasts. Simultaneous injection of both caldesmons into the same cells has revealed that both high and low relative molecular mass caldesmons are quickly (within 10 min) and stably (over 3 d) incorporated into the same structures of microfilaments including stress fibers and membrane ruffles, suggesting that nonmuscle cells do not distinguish nonmuscle caldesmon from smooth muscle caldesmon. The effect of calmodulin on the incorporation of caldesmon has been examined by coinjection of caldesmon with calmodulin. We have found that calmodulin retards the incorporation of caldesmon into stress fibers for a short period (10 min) but not for a longer incubation (30 min). The behavior of caldesmon in developing muscle cells was also examined because we previously observed that caldesmon disappears during myogenesis (Yamashiro, S., R. Ishikawa, and F. Matsumura. 1988. Protoplasma Suppl. 2: 9-21). We have found that, in contrast to its stable incorporation into stress fibers of fibroblasts, caldesmon is unable to be incorporated into thin filament structure (I-band) of differentiated muscle.
Modeling recommendation as a social choice problem

In the classical theory of social choice, a set of voters is called to rank a set of alternatives and a social ranking of the alternatives is generated. In this paper, we model recommendation in the context of browsing systems as a social choice problem, where the set of voters and the set of alternatives both coincide with the set of objects in the data collection. We then propose an importance ranking method that strongly resembles the well known PageRank ranking system, and takes into account both the browsing behavior of the users and the intrinsic features of the objects in the collection. We apply the proposed approach in the context of multimedia browsing systems and show that it can generate effective recommendations and can scale well for large data collections.
Hyaluronic acid accumulation and redistribution in rejecting rat kidney graft. Relationship to the transplantation edema

By using biotin-labeled proteoglycan core protein and an avidin-enzyme system, hyaluronic acid (HA) was visualized in rat kidney. In the normal kidney, HA was localized in the extracellular space of the inner medulla and increased markedly towards the papillary tip. No staining for HA was seen in the interstitial tissue of the cortex or the outer medulla. During the development of rejection of allogeneic renal grafts, a progressive increase in accumulated HA was seen in the interstitial tissue of the cortex and outer medulla. The extractable amounts of HA increased, on average, 40 times in the cortex and outer medulla; no increase was measured in the inner medulla and papilla. The relative water content of the cortex and outer medulla also increased progressively and correlated with the HA accumulation. The extractable amounts of HA in syngeneic grafts increased by day 2 and then leveled off, indicating that surgical trauma may induce some transient HA accumulation after transplantation. Interstitial accumulation of HA, a glycosaminoglycan with unique water-binding qualities, would presumably influence water transport and osmotic activity and should thereby be implicated in the normal papillary function, but also in the development of the interstitial edema of the cortex and outer medulla during rejection of renal grafts.
MIGRAÇÃO, EXPANSÃO DEMOGRÁFICA E DESENVOLVIMENTO ECONÔMICO EM GOIÁS

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o crescimento demografico de Goias, abordando juntamente o crescimento da economia de Estado. Constata que o Produto Interno Bruto, nas ultimas decadas, tem crescido a taxas superiores a media nacional. Ao mesmo tempo, verifica que a migracao populacional continua acelerada para o territorio goiano. Ao fazer um paralelo entre crescimento economico e crescimento demografico, a pesquisa conclui que a expansao economica nao tem sido suficiente a expansao da populacao economicamente ativa regional. No desenvolvimento da pesquisa, foram utilizados os metodos de procedimento denominados historico e comparativo e a modalidade da pesquisa adotada foi a bibliografica.
Oral Vaccination of White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) with Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

Wildlife reservoirs of Mycobacterium bovis represent serious obstacles to the eradication of tuberculosis from livestock, particularly cattle. In Michigan, USA tuberculous white-tailed deer transmit M. bovis to other deer and cattle. One approach in dealing with this wildlife reservoir is to vaccinate deer, thus interfering with the intraspecies and interspecies transmission cycles. Thirty-three white-tailed deer were assigned to one of two groups; oral vaccination with 1×108 colony-forming units of M. bovis BCG Danish (n = 17); and non-vaccinated (n = 16). One hundred eleven days after vaccination deer were infected intratonsilarly with 300 colony-forming units of virulent M. bovis. At examination, 150 days after challenge, BCG vaccinated deer had fewer gross and microscopic lesions, fewer tissues from which M. bovis could be isolated, and fewer late stage granulomas with extensive liquefactive necrosis. Fewer lesions, especially those of a highly necrotic nature should decrease the potential for dissemination of M. bovis within the host and transmission to other susceptible hosts.
Positive pressure ventilation during fibreoptic intubation: comparison of the laryngeal mask airway, intubating laryngeal mask and endoscopy mask techniques.

BACKGROUND The efficacy of delivery of mechanical ventilation through different airway devices during fibreoptic intubation is not known. METHODS We compared the laryngeal mask airway (LMA), intubating laryngeal mask (ILM) and endoscopy mask for positive pressure ventilation (PPV) during fibreoptic intubation. In 80 adult paralysed patients, fibreoptic intubation was performed during PPV using a combination of a size 3 or 4 LMA with a 6.0 mm nasal RAE tracheal tube (LMA3/4 group; n=22), a size 5 LMA with a 7.0 mm nasal RAE tube (LMA5 group; n=18), an ILM with an 8.0 mm special reinforced tracheal tube (ILM group; n=20) or an endoscopy mask (Patil mask) with a 7.5 mm standard tracheal tube (Patil group; n=20). The inspiratory and expiratory tidal volumes (VI and VE) with a ventilation pressure of 20 cm H2O were measured using a pneumotachograph. RESULTS Mean VE values during fibreoptic intubation in the LMA5 [5.3 (SD 1.5) ml kg(-1)] and ILM [7.1 (2.3) ml kg(-1)] groups were greater than in the LMA3/4 group [2.6 (1.0) ml kg(-1), P<0.0001]. The mean VE was greater in the Patil group [20.6 (4.9) ml kg(-1)] than in the other three groups (P<0.0001). Gastric insufflation during intubation was more frequent in the Patil group (30%) than in the other three groups (4.5-5.6%) (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PPV is possible with the LMA, ILM or endoscopy mask during fibreoptic intubation. With an airway pressure of 20 cm H2O, ventilation during intubation using a size 3 or 4 LMA was almost insufficient, while ventilation using a size 5 LMA or an ILM was almost acceptable. Ventilation during intubation with the endoscopy mask was greater than that with the LMA or ILM, but gastric insufflation was more frequent.
Dual boundary spanning: Toward a typology of outside-in open innovation in the Canadian context

The extant literature runs short in understanding openness of innovation regarding different pathways along which internal and external knowledge resources can be combined. This study proposes a unique typology for outside-in innovations based on two distinct ways of boundary spanning: whether an innovation idea is created internally or externally and whether an innovation process relies on external knowledge resources. This yields four possible types of innovation, which uniquely represent the nuanced variation of outside-in innovations. Using historical data from Canada for 1945–1980, this study unveils different implications of these innovation types for different levels of innovation novelty.
------------------------------------------------------------------------Embracing Complexity : The Challenge of the Ecosystem Approach

As environmental degradation and change continues, decision makers and managers feel significant pressure to rectify the situation. Scientists, in turn, find themselves under pressure to set out simple and clear rules for proper ecosystem management. The response has been one of frustration. Michael Soule and Laurence Slobdokin both loudly complain that ecology is an intractable science, immature and not very helpful. Kristin Shrader-Frechette and Robert Peters reproach ecologists for not producing simple testable hypotheses.1 Meanwhile policy makers and managers clamour for a measure of ecosystem integrity whose value in different situations can be predicted by simulation models. The question on everyone's mind is "what does ecosystem science identify as the main, simple, basic, universal laws which will allow quantitative prediction of ecosystem behaviour and what are the resulting rules for ecosystem management? "
A closer look at note taking in the co-located collaborative visual analytics process

This paper highlights the important role that record-keeping (i.e. taking notes and saving charts) plays in collaborative data analysis within the business domain. The discussion of record-keeping is based on observations from a user study in which co-located teams worked on collaborative visual analytics tasks using large interactive wall and tabletop displays. Part of our findings is a collaborative data analysis framework that encompasses note taking as one of the main activities. We observed that record-keeping was a critical activity within the analysis process. Based on our observations, we characterize notes according to their content, scope, and usage, and describe how they fit into a process of collaborative data analysis. We then discuss suggestions for the design of collaborative visual analytics tools.
Quasi-orthogonal subcarrier multiplexing for high-capacity optical data links

Short-reach interconnect requirements in digital computers and telephone switches may require throughputs of 10 Gb/s (50 parallel lines at 200 Mb/s each) in the near future. Time-division multiplexing (TDM) baseband transmission methods require high-speed multiplexing and precise clock recovery, and/or multiple fibres for such applications. As an alternative, the authors propose and analyze a quasi-orthogonal subcarrier multiplexing technique (QO-SCM) for short-reach digital fibre-optic interconnect applications. QO-SCM signal processing exploits the symbol-time synchronism which is inherent among the parallel lines of a typical data bus, to permit simplified filtering and higher spectral efficiency than conventional SCM. One can achieve bandwidth efficiencies of up to 2 b/s/Hz while eliminating RF channel filters and guard bands, and requiring only simple baseband pulse shaping. Link performance is studied through simulation to derive worst-case noise margins for a 50-channel QO-SCM pay-load signal with 10 Gb/s total capacity using a numerical model of the laser rate equations. Results predict that 10 Gb/s could be transmitted over 100 m at a bit error rate (BER) ≤10-12 on a single fibre-optic link, given a laser RIN of -155 dB/Hz.
A Subcarrier-Pair Based Resource Allocation Scheme Using Proportional Fairness for Cooperative OFDM-Based Cognitive Radio Networks

The paper presents a joint subcarrier-pair based resource allocation algorithm in order to improve the efficiency and fairness of cooperative multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MU-OFDM) cognitive radio (CR) systems. A communication model where one source node communicates with one destination node assisted by one half-duplex decode-and-forward (DF) relay is considered in the paper. An interference-limited environment is considered, with the constraint of transmitted sum-power over all channels and aggregate average interference towards multiple primary users (PUs). The proposed resource allocation algorithm is capable of maximizing both the system transmission efficiency and fairness among secondary users (SUs). Besides, the proposed algorithm can also keep the interference introduced to the PU bands below a threshold. A proportional fairness constraint is used to assure that each SU can achieve a required data rate, with quality of service guarantees. Moreover, we extend the analysis to the scenario where each cooperative SU has no channel state information (CSI) about non-adjacent links. We analyzed the throughput and fairness tradeoff in CR system. A detailed analysis of the performance of the proposed algorithm is presented with the simulation results.