Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of changes in skin biophysical parameters and appearance after pneumatic injections of non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid in the face

ABSTRACT Background: Pneumatic injections of non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid are effective in skin rejuvenation, however, the associated biophysical parameters and appearance have not been evaluated. Objectives: To determine the changes in skin biophysical parameters after facial pneumatic injections of non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid. Patients and methods: Twenty-eight healthy female volunteers received pneumatic injections of non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid into the face for consecutive 5 weeks. Skin biophysical parameter assessment and clinical evaluation were performed using the CK Multi-Probe Adapter and Visia system. Five of the volunteers also underwent retroauricular skin biopsy before and after the last treatment. The skin tissues were all stained with Masson-trichrome, Verhoeff-van Gieson stain, and hematoxylin-eosin to evaluate the changes in collagen, elastic fibers, and the epidermis, before and after the last treatment. Results: Transepidermal water loss was significantly lower in week 4 (18.46 ± 4.70 g/h/m2) than at the baseline (22.03 ± 7.15 g/h/m2, p < 0.05). Skin texture was better in week 4 (599.29 ± 354.32) than at the baseline (668.43 ± 342.55, p < 0.05). Skin pores also improved significantly at week 4 (934.07 ± 458.78) compared to the baseline (1024.57 ± 415.31, p < 0.05). Skin wrinkles were improved at the 3-month follow-up (29.29 ± 11.11) compared to the baseline (35.83 ± 16.05, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Pneumatic injections of non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid improved skin TEWL, texture, pores, and wrinkles.
SAR deception jamming target recognition based on the shadow feature

SAR deception jamming method is one of the most important jamming techniques by overlapping a group of fake targets into the SAR images, which can greatly reduce the accuracy of the SAR image interpretation. On the other hands, as a kind of active remote sensing technique, SAR system has less diffuse scattering, and the shadow characteristic is more significant than the optic system. In this paper, the shadow characteristics of the true and false targets are discussed via the simulation experiment, and the convolutional neural network(CNN) is applied for SAR deception jamming target recognition based on the shadow feature. Numerical experiments have shown that the CNN method can effectively distinguish the true and false targets correctly through the shadow feature.
Radiomic signature of infiltration in peritumoral edema predicts subsequent recurrence in glioblastoma: implications for personalized radiotherapy planning

Abstract. Standard surgical resection of glioblastoma, mainly guided by the enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), disregards infiltrating tumor within the peritumoral edema region (ED). Subsequent radiotherapy typically delivers uniform radiation to peritumoral FLAIR-hyperintense regions, without attempting to target areas likely to be infiltrated more heavily. Noninvasive in vivo delineation of the areas of tumor infiltration and prediction of early recurrence in peritumoral ED could assist in targeted intensification of local therapies, thereby potentially delaying recurrence and prolonging survival. This paper presents a method for estimating peritumoral edema infiltration using radiomic signatures determined via machine learning methods, and tests it on 90 patients with de novo glioblastoma. The generalizability of the proposed predictive model was evaluated via cross-validation in a discovery cohort (n = 31) and was subsequently evaluated in a replication cohort (n = 59). Spatial maps representing the likelihood of tumor infiltration and future early recurrence were compared with regions of recurrence on postresection follow-up studies with pathology confirmation. The cross-validated accuracy of our predictive infiltration model on the discovery and replication cohorts was 87.51% (odds ratio = 10.22, sensitivity = 80.65, and specificity = 87.63) and 89.54% (odds ratio = 13.66, sensitivity = 97.06, and specificity = 76.73), respectively. The radiomic signature of the recurrent tumor region revealed higher vascularity and cellularity when compared with the nonrecurrent region. The proposed model shows evidence that multiparametric pattern analysis from clinical MRI sequences can assist in in vivo estimation of the spatial extent and pattern of tumor recurrence in peritumoral edema, which may guide supratotal resection and/or intensification of postoperative radiation therapy.
Fast Algorithms for the Generalized Foley-Sammon Discriminant Analysis

Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) is one of the most popular approaches for feature extraction and dimension reduction to overcome the curse of the dimensionality of the high-dimensional data in many applications of data mining, machine learning, and bioinformatics. In this paper, we made two main contributions to an important LDA scheme, the generalized Foley-Sammon transform (GFST) [Foley and Sammon, IEEE Trans. Comput. , 24 (1975), pp. 281-289; Guo et al., Pattern Recognition Lett. , 24 (2003), pp. 147-158] or a trace ratio model [Wang et al., Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2007, pp. 1-8] and its regularized GFST (RGFST), which handles the undersampled problem that involves small samples size $n$, but with high number of features $N$ ($N>n$) and arises frequently in many modern applications. Our first main result is to establish an equivalent reduced model for the RGFST which effectively improves the computational overhead. The iteration method proposed by Wang et al. is applied to solve the GFST or the reduced RGFST. It has been proven by Wang et al. that this iteration converges globally and fast convergence was observed numerically, but there is no theoretical analysis on the convergence rate thus far. Our second main contribution completes this important and missing piece by proving the quadratic convergence even under two kinds of inexact computations. Practical implementations, including computational complexity and storage requirements, are also discussed. Our experimental results on several real world data sets indicate the efficiency of the algorithm and the advantages of the GFST model in classification.
Using infrared thermography to assess emotional responses to infants

Adult–infant interactions operate simultaneously across multiple domains and at multiple levels – from physiology to behaviour. Unpackaging and understanding them, therefore, involve analysis of multiple data streams. In this study, we tested physiological responses and cognitive preferences for infant and adult faces in adult females and males. Infrared thermography was used to assess facial temperature changes as a measure of emotional valence, and we used a behavioural rating system to assess adults' expressed preferences. We found greater physiological activation in response to infant stimuli in females than males. As for cognitive preferences, we found greater responses to adult stimuli than to infant stimuli, both in males and females. The results are discussed in light of the Life History Theory. Finally, we discuss the importance of integrating the two data streams on our conclusions.
Cattle Teats’ Milk Quality and Prevalence of Mastitis by Electronic Mastitis Detector in Burkina Faso

Mastitis is a dairy farm disease which causes important loss for dairy industry. Mastitis control is permanent challenge for dairy farm [1]. Milk loss link to mastitis was assessed to reach 17% of world milk production [1]. In Burkina Faso, this loss is not assessed and remains unknown area. It is well known that the most spread mastitis is subclinical which has considerable impact on farm and decrease milk yield and quality [2,3]. It is therefore urgent to assess mastitis on dairy farm related to milking in Burkina Faso because the presence of mastitis is linked directly to presence of bacteria. Clinical mastitis could be detected and treated by farmers. However, subclinical mastitis is silent and affects milk production without any suspicion from farmers. Today, several tests could be used to reveal presence of mastitis but there are not all affordable to farmers. The well-known method is California mastitis test (CMT) which could be used by farmers to discard mastitis cows before milking. The advanced method like somatic cells counter is used to count number of somatic cells in saleable milk [4]. It is also possible to check efficiency of milking by run fat content of strip milk. The strip milk shows how farmer supposes to end up the milking process.
On the Optimality of 0–1 Data Placement in Cache Networks

Considering cache enabled networks, optimal content placement minimizing the total cost of communication in such networks is studied, leading to a surprising fundamental 0–1 law for non-redundant cache placement strategies, where the total cache sizes associated with each file does not exceed the file size. In other words, for such strategies, we prove that any non-redundant cache placement strategy can be transformed, with no additional cost, to a strategy in which at every node, each file is either cached completely or not cached at all. Moreover, we obtain a sufficient condition under which the optimal cache placement strategy is in fact non-redundant. This result together with the 0–1 law reveals that situations exist, where optimal content placement is achieved just by uncoded placement of whole files in caches.
Understanding Libertarian Morality: The Psychological Dispositions of Self-Identified Libertarians

Libertarians are an increasingly prominent ideological group in U.S. politics, yet they have been largely unstudied. Across 16 measures in a large web-based sample that included 11,994 self-identified libertarians, we sought to understand the moral and psychological characteristics of self-described libertarians. Based on an intuitionist view of moral judgment, we focused on the underlying affective and cognitive dispositions that accompany this unique worldview. Compared to self-identified liberals and conservatives, libertarians showed 1) stronger endorsement of individual liberty as their foremost guiding principle, and weaker endorsement of all other moral principles; 2) a relatively cerebral as opposed to emotional cognitive style; and 3) lower interdependence and social relatedness. As predicted by intuitionist theories concerning the origins of moral reasoning, libertarian values showed convergent relationships with libertarian emotional dispositions and social preferences. Our findings add to a growing recognition of the role of personality differences in the organization of political attitudes.
The advantageous role of annexin A1 in cardiovascular disease

ABSTRACT The inflammatory response protects the human body against infection and injury. However, uncontrolled and unresolved inflammation can lead to tissue damage and chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, active resolution of inflammation is essential to restore tissue homeostasis. This review focuses on the pro-resolving molecule annexin A1 (ANXA1) and its derived peptides. Mechanisms instructed by ANXA1 are multidisciplinary and affect leukocytes as well as endothelial cells and tissue resident cells like macrophages and mast cells. ANXA1 has an outstanding role in limiting leukocyte recruitment and different aspects of ANXA1 as modulator of the leukocyte adhesion cascade are discussed here. Additionally, this review details the therapeutic relevance of ANXA1 and its derived peptides in cardiovascular diseases since atherosclerosis stands out as a chronic inflammatory disease with impaired resolution and continuous leukocyte recruitment.
Molecular biology of Group A Streptococcus and its implications in vaccine strategies

Infections due to Streptococcus pyogenes and their complications are a problem of major concern in many countries, including India. Primary prophylaxis with benzathine penicillin is the key to control and prevent sequelae such as acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease (RF/RHD) or post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN). Non-compliance to prophylaxis due to fear of injection and anaphylaxis is major issues in RF/RHD control in India and leads to continued high prevalence of infection and post-streptococcal sequelae. Differing reports on the efficacy of two weekly, three weekly or monthly injections raise questions on the actual dosages to be administered. Availability of more effective antibiotics with better dosages has replaced the use of penicillin; hence, companies are reluctant to manufacture penicillin preparations in India. It is in this context that a concept of a Group A streptococci vaccine is looked at and whether or not a globally designed vaccine will be useful in the Indian context. Modern molecular techniques and genomic analysis of S. pyogenes have identified many molecules as vaccine candidates among which the M-protein has attracted the most attention. High diversity of M (emm) types in endemic regions raises questions about the efficacy of such a vaccine. A recent 30-valent M-protein-based vaccine that elicits antibodies to homologous as well as non-vaccine M types looks promising. This review will discuss the genomics of S. pyogenes, the various candidate vaccine molecules and highlight their efficacy in the Indian context where control of post-streptococcal sequelae remains a challenge.
Precision era of the kinetic Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect: simulations, analytical models and observations and the power to constrain reionization

The kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, which is the dominant cosmic microwave background (CMB) source at arcmin scales and v ∼217 GHz, probes the ionized gas peculiar momentum up to the epoch of reionization and is a sensitive measure of the reionization history. We ran high-resolution self-similar and ACDM hydro-simulations and built an analytical model to study this effect. Our model reproduces the ACDM simulation results to several per cent accuracy, passes various tests against self-similar simulations, and shows a wider range of applicability than previous analytical models. Our model in its continuous version is free of simulation limitations, such as a finite simulation box and finite resolution, and allows an accurate prediction of the kinetic SZ power spectrum, C l . For the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe cosmology, we find l 2 C l /(2π) ≃ 0.91 x 10 -12 [(1 + z reoan )/10] 0.34 (1/5000) 0.23-0.015(z reion -9) for the reionization redshift 6 < z reion < 20 and 3000 < l < 9000. The corresponding temperature fluctuation is several μK at these ranges. The dependence of C l on the reionization history allows an accurate measurement of the reionization epoch. For the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) experiment, C l can be measured with ∼1 per cent accuracy. C l scales as (Ω b h) 2 σ 4∼6 8. Given cosmological parameters, ACT would be able to constrain z reion with several per cent accuracy. Some multireionization scenarios degenerate in the primary CMB temperature and temperature-E polarization (TE) measurement can be distinguished with ∼ 10 a confidence.
Planning the Human Variome Project: The Spain report

The remarkable progress in characterizing the human genome sequence, exemplified by the Human Genome Project and the HapMap Consortium, has led to the perception that knowledge and the tools (e.g., microarrays) are sufficient for many if not most biomedical research efforts. A large amount of data from diverse studies proves this perception inaccurate at best, and at worst, an impediment for further efforts to characterize the variation in the human genome. Because variation in genotype and environment are the fundamental basis to understand phenotypic variability and heritability at the population level, identifying the range of human genetic variation is crucial to the development of personalized nutrition and medicine. The Human Variome Project (HVP; http://www.humanvariomeproject.org/) was proposed initially to systematically collect mutations that cause human disease and create a cyber infrastructure to link locus specific databases (LSDB). We report here the discussions and recommendations from the 2008 HVP planning meeting held in San Feliu de Guixols, Spain, in May 2008. Hum Mutat 30, 496–510, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stromal Matrix Metalloproteinase-14 Expression Correlates With the Grade and Biological Behavior of Mammary Phyllodes Tumors

Phyllodes tumors (PTs) of the breast are rare biphasic tumors with the potential for invasion and metastatic spread. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are involved in several key aspects of tumoral growth, invasion, and metastasis, but little is known of their expression in PTs. The objective of this study was to assess the expression of MMPs and TIMPs in PTs and to determine their association with grade and clinical behavior of PTs. Eighty-two PTs (50 benign, 22 borderline, and 10 malignant) were studied. Automated immunohistochemical staining for MMP-1, -2, -7, -9, -11, -13, and -14 and TIMP-1, -2, and -3 was performed using tissue microarray blocks and the expression of MMPs and TIMPs was assessed in the stromal component. There were no significant differences in the expression of stromal MMPs and TIMPs in the 3 groups of PTs, except for MMP-14. There was a significant increase in stromal MMP-14 expression with increasing PT grade (P<0.01). The stromal MMP-14 expression in the borderline and malignant PTs was higher than that in benign PTs (P<0.05 and P<0.05, respectively). Furthermore, the expression of stromal MMP-14 was associated with a higher rate of recurrence (P<0.05). Our results show for the first time that stromal MMP-14 expression is associated with the grade and clinical behavior of PTs of the breast.
Mutation of the XIST gene upregulates expression of X‐linked genes but decreases the developmental rates of cloned male porcine embryos

XIST is an X‐linked, non‐coding gene responsible for the cis induction of X‐chromosome inactivation (XCI). Knockout of the XIST allele on an active X chromosome abolishes erroneous XCI and enhances the in vivo development of cloned mouse embryos by more than 10‐fold. This study aimed to investigate whether a similar manipulation would improve cloning efficiency in pigs. A male, porcine kidney cell line containing an EGFP insert in exon 1 of the XIST gene, resulting in a knockout allele (XIST‐KO), was generated by homologous recombination using transcription activator‐like effector nucleases (TALENs). The expression of X‐linked genes in embryos cloned from the XIST‐KO kidney cells was significantly higher than in male embryos cloned from wild‐type (WT) kidney cells, but remained lower than that of in vivo fertilization‐produced counterparts. The XIST‐KO cloned embryos also had a significantly lower blastocyst rate and a reduced full‐term development rate compared to cloned WT embryos. These data suggested that while mutation of a XIST gene can partially rescue abnormal XCI, it cannot improve the developmental efficiency of cloned male porcine embryos—a deficiency that may be caused by incomplete rescue of abnormal XCI and/or by long‐term drug selection of the XIST‐KO nuclear donor cells, which might adversely affect the developmental efficiency of embryos created from them.
Dual Temporal Scale Convolutional Neural Network for Micro-Expression Recognition

Facial micro-expression is a brief involuntary facial movement and can reveal the genuine emotion that people try to conceal. Traditional methods of spontaneous micro-expression recognition rely excessively on sophisticated hand-crafted feature design and the recognition rate is not high enough for its practical application. In this paper, we proposed a Dual Temporal Scale Convolutional Neural Network (DTSCNN) for spontaneous micro-expressions recognition. The DTSCNN is a two-stream network. Different of stream of DTSCNN is used to adapt to different frame rate of micro-expression video clips. Each stream of DSTCNN consists of independent shallow network for avoiding the overfitting problem. Meanwhile, we fed the networks with optical-flow sequences to ensure that the shallow networks can further acquire higher-level features. Experimental results on spontaneous micro-expression databases (CASME I/II) showed that our method can achieve a recognition rate almost 10% higher than what some state-of-the-art method can achieve.
Repeat mammography: Prevalence estimates and considerations for assessment

Despite recent controversies in mammography efficacy, encouraging women to obtain regular screenings is still an important public health priority. Published articles about repeat or regular screening were reviewed to determine trends in rates of mammography adherence. A search of MEDLINE and PsycINFO from January 1990 to December 2001 identified 45 empirical articles of U.S. samples that reported, or provided sufficient data to calculate, the percentage of women 50 years of age and older who obtained 2 or more consecutive, on-schedule mammograms. Keywords used in the searches included pairing mammography with regular, repeat, adherence, compliance, annual, rescreen, and maintenance. The weighted average repeat mammography percentage across all eventually included studies (N = 37) was 46.1% (confidence interval:39.4%, 52.8%). There was no substantial difference in the average repeat screening percentages comparing studies that collected data from 1995 to 2001 versus 1991 to 1994. Within each of 3 time periods of data collection (pre-1991, 1991–1994, 1995–2001), there was substantial variation in repeat rates. This variation appears to be due to several characteristics of study design and sampling, including the definition/methods of collecting data about the adherence measure, prior mammography status, and use of an upper age limit at recruitment. Consensus is needed regarding the definition of repeat mammography. National surveys must include items to assess repeat mammography in order to have estimates that accurately represent population-level rates. Although this study involved mammography, similar challenges in assessing prevalence rates can occur with other screening behaviors.
Lipid-rich environment: a key role promoting carcinogenesis in obesity-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

The epidemic of obesity has led to increased risk of many types of cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 1 HCC is the most frequent presentation of liver cancer, the fifth most common cancer in men worldwide and the seventh in women.2 Even though viral and alcohol-related liver diseases are main causes of HCC, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most rapidly increasing cause during the last decade.1 Even more, HCC may also develop in the absence of liver cirrhosis, and the incidence in livers without fibrosis is higher in the metabolic syndrome and NAFLD.1 According to data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registries (2004–2009), in the USA, NAFLD-driven HCC is associated with shorter survival time and more advanced tumour stage.3 Besides, although numerous drugs have been proposed, there is still no available treatment for most patients with HCC.4 Thus, there is a need to understand the mechanism involved in NAFLD-driven HCC to provide new targets of treatment. A hallmark of NAFLD and HCC is the disrupted lipid metabolism. Fujiwara et al 5 provide a new mechanism that links lipid accumulation with carcinogenesis in …