Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Infiltrative, ulcerative, and fistular lesions of the penis due to lymphogranuloma venereum.

In some parts of the tropics lymphogranuloma venereum (lymphogranuloma inguinale) can still be regarded as an important venereal disease. In the past, between 1925 and 1940, it was a dreaded disease in Europe. In those years the disease had for some unexplained reason also become endemic in Finland, affecting about 2,000 people, 500 of whom were females. The serious, sometimes fatal, late manifestations involving the female genitalia and rectum made even syphilis appear to be mild in comparison. Contrary to the high percentage of late complications in females, the late manifestations in males (homosexuals apart) were fairly rare. Elephantiasis of the penis and scrotum is probably the best known of the male complications. As to the pathogenesis of the condition, we have to consider not only obstruction of lymphatic flow caused by involvement of the inguinal and iliac lymph nodes, but also the possibility of an active diffuse lymphogranulomatous infection in the subcutaneous tissue. May and Castiglioni (1938) listed Peyronie's disease among the lymphogranulomatous complications. In the few cases of this condition that we have seen, no connection with lymphogranuloma could be found and we have consequently excluded Peyronie's disease from our review of the literature. In the present paper we consider only those cases of lymphogranuloma venereum in which the infection had led to the development of preputial infiltrates, penile lymphangitis and bubonuli, with or without fistulae, and more or less chronic ulcerative processes. Altogether 37 cases of this kind have been observed in Finland. Data relating to the clinical course and laboratory findings in four of them (Cases 1-4) were published by Cedercreutz (1934a, b). In this report we present a survey of all 37 cases and, in addition, eight case histories which illustrate the severity of these rare conditions.
ANALYSIS OF BIOLOGICAL NETWORK DATA USING LIKELIHOOD-FREE INFERENCE TECHNIQUES

Biological Networks have received much attention in recent years, but statistical tools for network analysis are still in their infancy. In this paper we focus on Protein Interaction Networks (PINs) that typically comprise thousands of proteins and interactions. PINs are the result of long evolutionary histories. Here we adopt simple mathematical models that capture essentials of protein evolutio n and develop statistical methods to estimate evolutionary PIN parameters. Our initial approach is based on a recursion for the likelihood, but it becomes computationally intractable for reasonably sized networks. Our second approach is based on summary statistics and likelihood-free inference. We discuss problems with selection of summaries, convergence, and credibility and apply the methods onHelicobacter pylori andPlasmodium falciparum data.
Correlation of microvessel density with nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic count and vascular invasion in breast and prostate cancers at preclinical and clinical levels.

BACKGROUND Tumor angiogenesis correlates with recurrence and appears to be a prognostic factor for both breast and prostate cancers. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the correlation of microvessel density (MVD), a measure of angiogenesis, with nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic count, and vascular invasion in breast and prostate cancers at preclinical and clinical levels. METHODS Samples from xenograft tumors of luminal B breast cancer and prostate adenocarcinoma, established by BT-474 and PC-3 cell lines, respectively, and commensurate human paraffin-embedded blocks were obtained. To determine MVD, specimens were immunostained for CD-34. Nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic count, and vascular invasion were determined using hematoxylin and eosin (HandE)-stained slides. RESULTS MVD showed significant correlations with nuclear pleomorphism (r=0.68, P=0.03) and vascular invasion (r=0.77, P=0.009) in breast cancer. In prostate cancer, MVD was significantly correlated with nuclear pleomorphism (r=0.75, P=0.013) and mitotic count (r=0.75, P=0.012). In the breast cancer xenograft model, a significant correlation was observed between MVD and vascular invasion (r=0.87, P=0.011). In the prostate cancer xenograft model, MVD was significantly correlated with all three parameters (nuclear pleomorphism, r=0.95, P=0.001; mitotic count, r=0.91, P=0.001; and vascular invasion, r=0.79, P=0.017; respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that MVD is correlated with nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic count, and vascular invasion at both preclinical and clinical levels. This study therefore supports the predictive value of MVD in breast and prostate cancers.
Equilibrium Rent and Housing Policy Implications

Housing-policy research in European Union countries distinguishes between two kinds of rent control: non-targeted ""first-generation"" rent control and targeted ""second-generation"" rent control, the later which better reflects housing market relations. The article demonstrates the drastic consequences of first-generation rent control in the Czech Republic, using criteria of social effectiveness and economic efficiency. The authors present the results of an econometric simulation model on the determination of equilibrium market rents after rent deregulation. Due to a sharp decrease in housing affordability in the Czech Republic, the authors simulate the application of two housing-policy instruments: social housing and housing allowance. A cost-benefit analysis shows that rent deregulation and the application of effective policy instruments would substantially increase the income of landlords, decrease the level of currently biased market rents, and maintain the relative affordability of housing.
System paper for CoNLL-2012 shared task: Hybrid Rule-based Algorithm for Coreference Resolution.

This paper describes our coreference resolution system for the CoNLL-2012 shared task. Our system is based on the Stanford's dcoref deterministic system which applies multiple sieves with the order from high precision to low precision to generate coreference chains. We introduce the newly added constraints and sieves and discuss the improvement on the original system. We evaluate the system using OntoNotes data set and report our results of average F-score 58.25 in the closed track.
DISCOVERING RULES FOR PREDICTING CUSTOMERS ’ ATTITUDE TOWARD INTERNET RETAILERS

Customers’ attitude toward online shopping is the key to the survival and profitability of Internet retailers in the intensely competitive market. Aiming to automatically discover knowledge for predicting customers’ attitude toward Internet retailers in relative to traditional retailers, we examine two classification approaches, decision trees and neuro-fuzzy systems, which are capable of generating such knowledge in form of rules. The neuro-fuzzy approach has rarely been investigated in the Internet retailer context. We compare the two knowledge discovery approaches using data sets for two types of products collected from an empirical survey. The results show that while the performance of the two approaches is comparable, the neuro-fuzzy model is superior to the decision tree in handling uncertainty and imprecision of the data sets. Motivated by the potential value that knowledge discovery and Web services can add to existing services, we also propose an architecture that enables agile Web services in Internet retailing. The insights on methodology and the Internet retailing application gained from this study suggest a number of interesting issues for future research.
Preparation and Characterization of Celecoxib Dispersions in Soluplus®: Comparison of Spray Drying and Conventional Methods

The present study deals with characterization of dispersions of a poorly water-soluble drug, celecoxib (CLX) in polyvinyl caprolactame–polyvinyl acetate–polyethylene glycol graft copolymer (Soluplus® (SOL)) prepared by different techniques. Dispersions of CLX in SOL at different ratios (2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6) were prepared by spray drying, conventional solvent evaporation and melting methods. The solid states of samples were characterized using particle size measurements, optical and scanning electron microscopy, XRPD, DSC and FT-IR. The Gordon-Taylor equation was used to predict the Tg of samples and the possibility of interaction between CLX and SOL. The solubility and dissolution rate of all samples were determined. Stability of samples was studied at ambient conditions for a period of 12 months. DSC and XRPD analyses confirmed amorphous state of drug in samples. Surprisingly dispersions of CLX:SOL with the ratio of 2:1 and 1:1 showed slower dissolution rate than CLX while other samples showed higher dissolution rate. At 1:2 ratio the spray dried samples exhibited higher dissolution rate than corresponding samples prepared by other methods. However at higher SOL content (1:4 and 1:6), samples prepared by different methods showed similar dissolution profiles. The stability studies showed that there were no remarkable changes in the dissolution profiles and solid state of the drug after 12 months storage at ambient conditions. It was concluded that SOL was a proper carrier to enhance the dissolution rate of CLX. At high SOL ratios the method of preparation of dispersed samples had no effect on dissolution rate, whilst at low SOL content spray drying was more efficient method.
Topological Fields Chunking for German with SVM's: Optimizing SVM-parameters with GA's

Support Vector Machines (SVM’s) are used to chunk topological fields in German, a multi-class classification problem on highly unbalanced data. As SVM’s are originally developed for binary classification we have to extend them to our multi-class problem. The negative effects of unbalanced data are compensated by introducing error penalties. Yet, it is unclear how to optimize these parameters. We compare several optimization approaches, amongst them optimization of SVM-parameters with genetic algorithms (GA’s).
A new technological platform for the multisite assessment of 3D seismocardiogram and pulse transit time in cardiac patients

In this paper we present a new hardware architecture, the SeisMote system, allowing a multisite assessment of seismocardiogram (SCG), photoplethysmogram (PPG) and pulse transit time (PTT). The whole architecture is based on a number of miniaturized electronic nodes, designed to accommodate different types of sensors, and a small-sized hub. In the present implementation the system may handle 5 nodes, and each node includes a SCG and a PPG sensor, from which PTT may also be derived. The hub collects data from the nodes and provides the additional measure of one ECG channel. Data are locally stored and transmitted via Bluetooth to external devices for online alerts and analyses. Currently, recordings on cardiac patients are in progress to investigate the feasibility of a clinical use of the system, in view of its possible integration in telemedicine services.
Analysis of the context dependency of CODASYL find-statements with application to a database program conversion

ABsrRAcT The CODASYL database (db) statements m an apph-cation program can have one or more different semantics associated with It, dependmg on the path through which the execution reaches that statement This makes the CODASYL operations m a db program context dependent The previous works on the conversion of db programs from the CODASYL record at a time mterface to the set at a time mterface of the relational model consider only a limited class of programs where each db statement in the program 1s assumed to have a unique semantic interpretation In this paper, we first define a framework for analyzing the multiple semantics of the CODASYL operations and their context dependencies We then show how to convert a CODASYL db program which contains statements havmg ambiguous, multiply-deflned semantics In principle, the method described here allows us to convert all CODASYL db programs Index terms Abstract and Execution contexts, CODASYL operations, Enumeration loop, Program conversion. Relational interface, Semantic predecessor set CR-categories H 2 5, H 2 3 1 INTRODUeTION The database program conversion problem has many facets and can be addressed from a number of different vlewpomts [6-13 151 The need to convert a db program may arlse due to a variety of reasons (1) migration from one dbms to another, or more generally, migration to a heterogeneous dbms environment, and PermIssIon to copy wlthout fee all or part of this matenal 1s granted provided that the copies are not made or dlstnbuted for direct commercial advantage the ACM copvnght nottce and the title of the pubhcauon and IIS date appear, and notlce IS given that copymg IS by perml%lon of the A\\oclatlon for Computmg Machmery To copy otherwise or to repubhsh requuec a fee and/or specific permIssIon (2) changes m the db semantics, etc In this paper, we consider the situation (1) and, m particular, the conversion of db-programs from the CODASYL record at a time interface to the set at a time relational interface This type of conversion 1s specially Important for a dlstn-buted database environment because the set at a time interface mmimizes the number of interactions between the application program and the dbms, and accordmgly, reduces the communication overhead One of the major problems m converting a CODASYL program 1s that the semantics of a CODASYL db operation often depends on the program context in which the operation is used For example, the operation " …
Life Without TV? Cultivation Theory and Psychosocial Health Characteristics of Television-Free Individuals and Their Television-Viewing Counterparts

Much attention has been paid to the amount of time Americans spend watching television. Cultivation theory has been important in exploring behavioral effects of television viewing for many years. However, psychosocial health has received much less scrutiny in relation to television viewing time. This investigation examined the hypotheses that television-free individuals and viewers adhering to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations (up to 2 hr of viewing per day) would display a more positive psychosocial health profile when compared with more frequent television viewers. Results confirmed the hypothesis for women, but not for men. Our analysis showed that moderate television viewing, as defined by the AAP, provides a similar relation with psychosocial health as being television-free. Results are discussed in a cultivation theory framework.
Privacy-preserving matching of spatial datasets with protection against background knowledge

Private matching (or join) of spatial datasets is crucial for applications where distinct parties wish to share information about nearby geo-tagged data items. To protect each party's data, only joining pairs of points should be revealed, and no additional information about non-matching items should be disclosed. Previous research efforts focused on private matching for relational data, and rely either on space-embedding or on SMC techniques. Space-embedding transforms data points to hide their exact attribute values before matching is performed, whereas SMC protocols simulate complex digital circuits that evaluate the matching condition without revealing anything else other than the matching outcome. However, existing solutions have at least one of the following drawbacks: (i) they fail to protect against adversaries with background knowledge on data distribution, (ii) they compromise privacy by returning large amounts of false positives and (iii) they rely on complex and expensive SMC protocols. In this paper, we introduce a novel geometric transformation to perform private matching on spatial datasets. Our method is efficient and it is not vulnerable to background knowledge attacks. We consider two distance evaluation metrics in the transformed space, namely L2 and L∞, and show how the metric used can control the trade-off between privacy and the amount of returned false positives. We provide an extensive experimental evaluation to validate the precision and efficiency of our approach.
The Velocity Dispersion Profile of the Remote Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy Leo I: A Tidal Hit and Run?

We present new kinematic results for 387 stars near the Milky Way satellite dwarf spheroidal galaxy Leo I. Spectra were obtained with the Hectochelle multiobject echelle spectrograph on the MMT, centered in the optical near 5200 Å. From 297 repeat measurements of 108 stars, we estimate the mean velocity error (1 σ) of our sample to be 2.4 km s−1, with a systematic precision of ≤1 km s−1. The final sample of 328 Leo I members gives a mean heliocentric velocity of 282.9 ± 0.5 km s−1 and a dispersion of 9.2 ± 0.4 km s−1. The dispersion profile of Leo I is flat to beyond its classical “tidal” radius. We fit the profile to various equilibrium dynamical models. We strongly rule out all models where mass follows light. Anisotropic Sérsic+NFW models fit the dispersion profile well, but isotropic models are ruled out at a 95% confidence level. Inside a projected radius of ~1040 pc, the mass and V-band mass-to-light ratio of Leo I from equilibrium models are in the ranges (5–7) × 107 M☉ and 9-14 (solar units), respectively. Leo I members outside a “break radius” of Rb ∼ 400″ (500 pc) exhibit significant velocity anisotropy, whereas stars interior to this radius are consistent with an isotropic velocity distribution. We interpret the break radius as the tidal radius of Leo I at perigalacticon some 1-2 Gyr ago. This interpretation accounts for the complex star formation history of Leo I, population segregation within the galaxy, and Leo I's large outward galactocentric velocity. The lack of evident tidal arms in Leo I suggests that the galaxy may have been injected into its present highly elliptical orbit by a third body a few Gyr before its last perigalacticon. This scenario is plausible within current hierarchical structure formation models.
Effects of Cache Coherency in Multiprocessors

In many commercial multiprocessor systems, each processor accesses the memory through a private cache. One problem that could limit the extensibility of the system and its performance is the enforcement of cache coherence. A mechanism must exist which prevents the existence of several different copies of the same data block in different private caches. In this paper, we present an in-depth analysis of the effects of cache coherency in multiprocessors. A novel analytical model for the program behavior of a multitasked system is introduced. The model includes the behavior of each process and the interactions between processes with regard to the sharing of data blocks. An approximation is developed to derive the main effects of the cache coherency contributing to degradations in system performance.
Upregulation of Dicer is more frequent in monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance than in multiple myeloma patients and is associated with longer survival in symptomatic myeloma patients

Dicer and Drosha are key enzymes in the miRNA-processing pathway which is altered in many human cancers. We analyzed Dicer and Drosha expression levels by quantitative PCR in 151 patients with monoclonal gammopathies: 102 symptomatic myeloma patients, 23 smoldering myelomas and 26 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. We found that Dicer expression values were significantly higher in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance than in smoldering myelomas and symptomatic myeloma (mean ± SD, 0.84±0.36 vs. 0.60±0.23 and 0.62±0.51; P<0.01). Moreover, the median progression-free survival was significantly longer in symptomatic myeloma patients with high expression of Dicer (not reached vs. 23.6 months; P=0.02). By contrast, no differences in the expression of Drosha among these groups of patients were observed. Our data suggest that Dicer expression may play an important role in the progression and prognosis of monoclonal gammopathies. (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00461747 for MM patients under 65 years of age and NCT00443235 for MM patients over 65 years of age)
Manipulability of cooperating robots with unactuated joints and closed-chain mechanisms

We study the differential kinematics and the kineto-static manipulability indices of multiple cooperating robot arms, including active and passive joints. The kinematic manipulability indices are derived extending previous results on cooperating robots without passive joints. The force manipulability analysis for cooperative robot systems cannot be straightforwardly derived by "duality" arguments as it can with conventional arms, rather a distinction between active and passive force manipulability must be introduced. Results in the paper apply directly to the analysis of cooperating robots, parallel robots, dextrous robotic hands and legged vehicles, and, in general, to closed kinematic chains.
Building a Large Machine-Aligned Parallel Treebank

This paper reports on-going work on building a large automatically tree-aligned parallel treebank in the context of a syntax-based machine translation (MT) approach. For this we develop a discriminative tree aligner based on a log-linear model with a rich feature set. We incorporate various language-independent and language-specific features taking advantage of existing tools and annotation. Our initial experiments on a small hand-aligned treebank show promising results even with small amounts of training data. The performance of our approach is well above unsupervised techniques reported elsewhere. This enables us to quickly create training material and alignment models for additional language pairs. In recent work, we aligned more than one million sentence pairs and started our experiments with the extraction of transfer knowledge for our example-based machine translation system.
Americas Conference on Information Systems ( AMCIS ) 1231-2004 Future Security Approaches and Biometrics

Threats to both physical and information security are proliferating rapidly, placing demanding requirements on security measures used to protect tangible as well as intangible assets of both businesses and individuals. Biometric-based security technologies offer the opportunity to improve security either by use on their own, or in conjunction with other technologies. This tutorial discusses biometric technologies currently in use, their actual and potential applications, their strengths and weaknesses, performance evaluation measures, and privacy concerns associated with their potential misuse.