Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Q-Carbon Nanostructures, Diamond and Their Composites with Wafer-Scale Integration

We report the formation of Q-carbon nanolayers, Q-carbon nanoballs, nanodiamonds, microdiamonds, and their composites by controlling laser and substrate variables. The choice of these parameters is guided by the SLIM (simulation of laser interactions with materials) computer modeling. For a constant film thickness and initial sp3 content, we obtain different microstructures with increasing pulse energy density as a result of different quenching rate and undercooling. This is related to decreasing undercooling with increasing pulse energy density. The structure of thin film Q-carbon evolves into Q-carbon nanoballs with the increase in laser annealing energy density. These Q-carbon nanoballs interestingly self-organize in the form of rings with embedded nanodiamonds to form Q-carbon nanoballs/diamond composites. We form high quality, epitaxial nano, and micro diamond films at a higher energy density and discuss a model showing undercooling and quenching rate generating a pressure pulse, which may play a critical role in a direct conversion of amorphous carbon into Q-carbon or diamond or their composites. This ability to selectively tune between diamond or Q-carbon or their composites on a single substrate is highly desirable for a variety of applications ranging from protective coatings to nanosensing and field emission to targeted drug delivery. Furthermore, Q-carbon nanoballs and nanodiamonds are utilized as seeds to grow microdiamond films by HFCVD. It is observed that the Q-carbon nanoballs contain diamond nuclei of critical size, which provide available nucleation sites for diamond growth, leading to stress-free, adherent, and denser films, which are needed for a variety of coating applications.
Evaluating Structure from Motion (SfM) in 3D Printing Quality Control

In this study, stereo vision was utilized to generate point clouds representing edges during an in-process 3D printing pause. Images were captured in a grid pattern using a monocular nozzle camera attached to a 3D printer. The images were then converted into point clouds using RAFT Stereo for creating disparity maps, depth maps, camera intrinsic, 3D printer coordinates, and camera extrinsic.
ScholarWorks ScholarWorks

We theorize that female candidates considering CEO roles will perceive greater termination vulnerability in such roles than their male counterparts. We further theorize that indicators of recent organizational distress will exacerbate female CEO candidates’ perceptions of termination vulnerability, while the presence of female leaders will mitigate these concerns. To test our arguments, we examine the initial values of newly appointed female and male CEOs’ severance agreements from 2007 to 2014. Results support our arguments and begin to shed light on the factors that influence female executives’ concerns about CEO roles and ultimately firms’ ability to appoint female CEOs.
Cardiac gene therapy treats diabetic cardiomyopathy and lowers blood glucose

Diabetic cardiomyopathy, an increasingly global epidemic and a major cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), is associated with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and intracardiomyocyte calcium mishandling. Here we identify that, in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes–induced HFpEF, abnormal remodeling of cardiomyocyte transverse-tubule microdomains occurs with downregulation of the membrane scaffolding protein cardiac bridging integrator 1 (cBIN1). Transduction of cBIN1 by AAV9 gene therapy can restore transverse-tubule microdomains to normalize intracellular distribution of calcium-handling proteins and, surprisingly, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). Cardiac proteomics revealed that AAV9-cBIN1 normalized components of calcium handling and GLUT4 translocation machineries. Functional studies further identified that AAV9-cBIN1 normalized insulin-dependent glucose uptake in diabetic cardiomyocytes. Phenotypically, AAV9-cBIN1 rescued cardiac lusitropy, improved exercise intolerance, and ameliorated hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. Restoration of transverse-tubule microdomains can improve cardiac function in the setting of diabetic cardiomyopathy and can also improve systemic glycemic control.
Inverted Echo Sounder Data Near the New England Seamounts 1985-1986.

Abstract : A major component of the field activities for the Northwest Atlantic Regional Energetics Experiment (REX) is focused on collecting and analyzing data from inverted echo sounders (IESs). These instruments provide information concerning the height of the sea surface, as well as information concerning movement of the Gulf Stream and mesoscale features in the REX area. In this report the collection, processing, and preliminary analysis of the IES data and the associated ship expendable bathythermograph and conductivity-temperature- depth data are described, and various plots are presented. These data are generally of good quality and constitute a significant contribution to our understanding of Gulf Stream dynamics. Keywords: Air-launched expendable bathythermographs; Bathythermograph data; Electrical conductivity; Seawater temperature; North Atlantic ocean; Salinity; Seamounts; GEOSAT satellite; Topography; Echo sounders; AXBT probes; Thermocline depth; Moored instrumentation, LORAN.
Sensitivity to new high-mass states decaying to tt[over ¯] at a 100 TeV collider

We discuss the sensitivity of a 100 TeV pp collider to heavy particles decaying to top-antitop ( t ¯ t ) ﬁnal states. This center-of-mass energy, together with an integrated luminosity of 10 ab − 1 , can produce heavy particles in the mass range of several tens of teraelectronvolts (TeV). A Monte Carlo study has been performed using boosted-top techniques to reduce QCD background for the reconstruction of heavy particles with masses in the range of 8–20 TeV, and various widths. In particular, we have studied two models that predict heavy states, a model with an extra gauge boson (Z 0 ′ ) and with a Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitation of the gluon ( g KK ). We estimate the sensitive values of σ × Br of about 2 (4) fb for Z 0 ′ ( g KK ), with a corresponding mass reach of 13 (20) TeV.
Robotic Manipulation of Hand Tools: The Case of Screwdriving

—Despite decades of steady research progress, the robotic hand is still far behind the human hand in terms of dexterity and versatility. A milestone in this quest for human-level performance will be possessing the skills of manipulating hand tools, for their non-trivial geometries and for the intricacies of controlling their contact-based interactions with objects, which are the final targets of manipulation. This paper investigates screwdriving by a robotic arm/hand pair, dealing with the chain of contacts connecting the substrate, screw, screwdriver, and fingertips. Considering rolling contacts and finger gaits, our force control scheme is derived through backward chaining to leverage the dynamics of the screwdriver and arm/hand. To maintain the fastening effort, estimations are carried out sequentially for the screwdriver’s pose via optimization under visual and kinematic constraints, and for its applied wrench on the screw via solution drawing upon dynamics. This wrench, adjusted based on position/force feedback, is mapped by the grasp matrix to the desired fingertip forces, which are then used for computing torques to be exerted by the arm and hand to close the loop. Simulation and experiments with a Shadow Hand have been conducted for validations.
Attenuation of in situ UV radiation in Mackenzie Delta lakes with varying dissolved organic matter compositions

In 2004, ultraviolet‐B (UVB) and ultraviolet‐A (UVA) attenuation were measured in Mackenzie Delta lakes spanning gradients in water renewal rate, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition. DOM compositions (ratio of chromophoric DOM (CDOM) to non‐chromophoric DOM) in Delta lakes are complex, evolving seasonally via flooding, dilution, macrophyte production, photobleaching, and bacterial metabolism. Attenuation was more strongly related to CDOM absorption coefficients (a330; UVB r2 = 0.69, p < 0.0001; UVA r2 = 0.58, p < 0.0001) than to DOC concentrations due to variable DOM compositions. Attenuation in one set of lakes was well related (linear models) to a330 and total suspended solids (UVB R2 = 0.80, p < 0.0001; UVA R2 = 0.81, p < 0.0001). When these models were applied to other Delta lakes, however, attenuation of UVB was overestimated in 17 of 19 cases and attenuation of UVA was overestimated in all 18 cases. This bias indicates that models are not transferrable among Delta lakes, and likely cannot be applied in other circumpolar delta lakes with similarly complex DOM compositions. Although attenuation is high in Delta lakes (KdUVB 17.1–33.4 m−1; KdUVA 7.7–19.2 m−1), plankton and photoreactive solutes may be exposed to high levels of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) because Delta lakes are shallow, UVB and UVA penetrate the top 19% and 31% of water columns, respectively, and day lengths are extended during open water. Thus, climate change effects on DOM compositions may significantly alter in situ UVR environments in circumpolar delta lakes.
Evaluation of sethoxydim for torpedograss control in aquatic and wetland sites

Invasive grasses constitute one of the most difﬁcult aspects of vegetation management in many aquatic and wetland systems. Current management strategies primarily include the herbicides glyphosate and imazapyr, which are effective, but largely nonselective. Sethoxydim is a selective graminicide that recently received a 24(c) label for invasive grass control in aquatic systems in Florida. Here we report data from four ﬁeld studies conducted at three locations in South Florida from 2015 to 2017 to evaluate the performance of sethoxydim for torpedograss control. Aerial-, ground, and airboat-applied studies indicated that sethox-ydim controlled torpedograss for varying lengths of time, from approximately 1 to 11 mo depending upon several factors. Sequential sethoxydim applications applied in the late spring just before ﬂooding resulted in greater than 90 and 67% control at 180 and 360 d after treatment (DAT), respectively. However, aerial treatments applied in the fall provided only short-term reductions in torpedograss cover of approximately 70% for 2 mo. Airboat spot treatments applied in the fall resulted in greater than 90% control at 120 DAT but torpedograss recovered the following summer. Treatments of glyphosate þ imazapyr generally outper-formed sethoxydim across most of the studies. These studies indicate that sethoxydim may be useful for selective torpedograss control. However, it will likely be a more nuanced treatment than glyphosate and imazapyr and retreatment intervals should be further clariﬁed.
Cosmogenic production of ^{39}Ar and ^{37}Ar in argon

We have experimentally determined the production rate of 39 Ar and 37 Ar due to cosmic ray neutron interactions in argon at sea level. Understanding these production rates is important for argon-based dark matter experiments that plan to utilize argon extracted from deep underground because it is imperative to know what the ingrowth of 39 Ar will be during the production, transport, and storage of the underground argon. These measurements also allow for the prediction of 39 Ar and 37 Ar concentrations in the atmosphere which can be used to determine the presence of other sources of these isotopes. Through controlled irradiation with a neutron beam that mimics the cosmic ray neutron spectrum, followed by direct counting of 39 Ar and 37 Ar decays with sensitive ultra-low background proportional counters, we determined that the production rate from cosmic ray neutrons at sea-level is expected to be ( 759 ± 128 ) atoms/ ( kg Ar day ) for 39 Ar, and ( 51.0 ± 7.4 ) atoms/ ( kg Ar day ) for 37 Ar. We also performed a survey of the alternate production mechanisms based on the state-of-knowledge of the associated cross-sections to obtain a total sea-level cosmic ray production rate of ( 1048 ± 133 ) atoms/ ( kg Ar day ) for 39 Ar, ( 56.7 ± 7.5 ) atoms/ ( kg Ar day ) for 37 Ar in underground argon, and ( 92 ± 13 ) atoms/ ( kg Ar day ) for 37 Ar in atmospheric argon.
Don’t be scared of the genome’s 5th base – Explaining phenotypic variability and evolutionary dynamics through DNA methylation analysis

Epigenetic processes have taken center stage for the investigation of many biological processes and epigenetic modiﬁcations have shown to inﬂuence phenotype, morphology and behavioral traits such as stress resistance by aﬀecting gene regulation and expression without altering the underlying genomic sequence. The multiple molecular layers of epigenetics synergistically construct the cell type-speciﬁc gene regulatory networks. DNA methylation occurring on the 5’ carbon of cytosines in diﬀerent genomic sequence contexts is the most studied epigenetic modiﬁcation. DNA methylation has been shown to provide a molecular record of a large variety of environmental factors, which might be persistent through the entire lifetime of an organisms and even be passed onto the oﬀspring. Animals might display altered phenotypes mediated by epigenetic modiﬁcations depending on the developmental stage or the environmental conditions as well as during evolution. Therefore, the analysis of DNA methylation patterns might allow deciphering previous exposures, explaining ecologically relevant phenotypic diversity and predicting evolutionary trajectories enabling accelerated adaption to changing environmental conditions. Despite the explanatory potential of DNA methylation. studies of DNA methylation are still scarce in the ﬁeld of ecology. This might be at least partly due to the complexity of DNA methylation analysis and the interpretation of the acquired data. In the current issue of Molecular Ecology Resources, Laine and colleagues (2023) provide a detailed summary of guidelines and valuable recommendations for researchers in the ﬁeld of ecology to avoid common pitfalls and perform interpretable genome-wide DNA methylation analyses.
Metatranscriptomics reveals higher species compositional homogeneity in smaller size coral reef zooplankton

Marine drifting animals — zooplankton — play essential ecological roles in the pelagic ecosystem, transferring energy and elements to higher trophic levels, such as ﬁshes, cetaceans, and others. Zooplankton are generally considered passive drifting organisms homogeneously distributed throughout waters, where high dispersal is expected. Although empirical observations have demonstrated that many species possess active swimming mechanisms that generate metacommunities with high beta diversity, the role of animal sizes in the process of marine zooplankton community dynamics remains unexplored. Here, we collected a total of 48 size-fractionated zooplankton samples in the vicinity of a coral reef island with environmental gradients and performed metatranscriptome analyses. The samples were collected in two transects (from nearshore to oﬀshore) twice a day (morning and night). Sample size fraction was the only variable that rendered apparent diﬀerences in species composition between the samples. Our results demonstrate diﬀerential dispersal through the size fractions — smaller size fraction communities had higher compositional homogeneity than larger ones. Contrary to expectation, distance to shore had no signiﬁcant inﬂuence on the composition or diversity of zooplankton communities. This study oﬀers novel insights on the use of metatranscriptomics for analyzing community structures and the role size plays for the marine zooplankton community assembly processes.
INNOVATIVE NUTRITIONAL DIGITAL BIOMARKERS BASED ON ACTIMETRIC BEHAVIOR MONITORING

Older people represent a large part of the population. Focusing on this population in order to protect them from the health risks they may face during their lifetime, especially undernutrition, is a very important issue. Indeed, undernutrition is a disease state caused by an imbalance in nutritional intake in relation to the body's energy expenditure. With technological advances, biomarker measurement has become more efficient and specific, allowing us to better diagnose undernutrition in the elderly. This article presents a large study on healthy aging. Patients use a mobile application called ICOPE to screen for undernutrition and obtain biological data coupled with digital biomarkers obtained from a system for measuring lifestyle behavioral parameters. Actimetric measurements could be considered as a ‘partial’ parameter to be integrated with others, closer to physiological conditions.
Variations in boundary layer stability across Antarctica: a comparison between coastal and interior sites

Abstract. The range of boundary layer stability profiles, from the surface to 500 m a.g. l. (above ground level), present in radiosonde observations from two continental-interior (South Pole Station and Dome Concordia Station) and three coastal (McMurdo Station, Georg von Neumayer Station III, and Syowa Station) Antarctic sites, is examined using the self-organizing maps (SOMs) neural network algorithm. A wide range of potential temperature profiles is revealed, from shallow boundary layers with strong near-surface stability to deeper boundary layers with weaker or near-neutral stability, as well as profiles with weaker near-surface stability and enhanced stability aloft, above the boundary layer. Boundary layer regimes were defined based on the range of profiles revealed by the SOM analysis; 20 boundary layer regimes were identified to account for differences in stability near the surface as well as above the boundary layer. Strong, very strong, or extremely strong stability, with vertical potential temperature gradients of 5 to in excess of 30 K per 100 m, occurred more than 80 % of the time at South Pole and Dome Concordia in the winter. Weaker stability was found in the winter at the coastal sites, with moderate and strong stability (vertical potential temperature gradients of 1.75 to 15 K per 100 m) occurring 70 % to 85 % of the time. Even in the summer, moderate and strong stability is found across all five sites, either immediately near the surface or aloft, just above the boundary layer. While the mean boundary layer height at the continental-interior sites was found to be approximately 50 m, the mean boundary layer height at the coastal sites was deeper, around 110 m. Further, a commonly described two-stability-regime system in the Arctic associated with clear or cloudy conditions was applied to the 20 boundary layer regimes identified in this study to understand if the two-regime behavior is also observed in the Antarctic. It was found that moderate and strong stability occur more often with clear- than cloudy-sky conditions, but weaker stability regimes occur almost equally for clear and cloudy conditions.
Séparation aveugle au second ordre de sources corrélées

La s eparation aveugle de sources consiste a retrouver un ensemble de signaux statistiquement ind ependants a par-tir de m elanges observ es. Cet article introduit une nou-velle technique de s eparation de sources exploitant la coh erence temporelle des signaux sources. A la dii erence des techniques classiques de s eparation, cette approche utilisant seulement les statistiques du second-ordre est bas ee sur \la diagonalisation conjointe" des matrices de corr elation temporelle. Des simulations num eriques illus-trent la validit e de la m ethode dans des contextes diiciles. Abstract Blind separation of sources consists in recovering a set of statistically independent signals whose only instantaneous mixtures are observed. Such mixtures occur in narrow band array data which can then be processed without knowing the array manifold (blindness). This paper introduces a new source separation technique exploiting the possible time coherence of the source signals. In contrast to other previously reported techniques, the proposed approach relies only on second-order statistics, being based on a `joint diagonalization' of correlation matrices. The eeectiveness of the method in diicult contexts is illustrated by numerical simulations.
Psychometric Properties of Turkish Version of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire for Age 2-4

Introduction: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for 2–4 year olds (SDQ 2–4) is one of the best of these scales developed to screen children in early childhood for psychosocial problems. The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of SDQ 2–4 in Turkish for the age group of 2–4 years. Methods: The study was conducted with 159 participants. SDQ 2–4 Parent and BITSEA scales were applied to parents. Patients whose scores were detected to be at risk were referred to the hospital and a clinical interview was performed. Results: Chronbach alpha value for total difficulties scale was 0.80. Total difficulties score of the SDQ was positively correlated with the BITSEA/P score, and negatively correlated with the BITSEA/C score. Prosocial Behaviors score of SDQ was positively correlated with BITSEA/C while it was negatively correlated with BITSEA/P. In all scales of SDQ that identified the problem, the scores of the participants with clinical diagnosis were significantly higher than the scores of the participants not diagnosed. The cut-off value for total difficulties scale was calculated as 10 with 80% sensitivity and 88% specificity. Conclusion: The SDQ 2–4 scale is valid and reliable in the Turkish language. ABSTRACT Cite this article as: Dursun OB, Öğütlü H, Esin İS. Psychometric Properties of Turkish Version of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire for Age 2-4. Arch Neuropsychiatry 2020;57:44-49. The relationship between SDQ and CBCL scale scores was investigated in Turkish validity-reliability study conducted by Güvenir et al. It has been shown that SDQ is highly correlated with CBCL and can distinguish between high and low risk groups. The Cronbach alpha values showing the internal consistency of subscales other than peer relationship problems subscale are shown to be greater than 0.65. It has been stated that SDQ 4–16 is valid and reliable for the Turkish language (13). SDQ 2–4 for screening in children with aged 2 to 4 years. The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties and the validity and reliability of SDQ 2–4 in Turkish for the age group of 2–4 years.
Comparing Machine Learning Approaches For Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction

The field of biosciences have progressive to a higher extent and have generated large amounts of information from Electronic Health Records. This have given rise to the acute need of knowledge generation from this enormous amount of data. Data mining methods and machine learning play a major role in this aspect of biosciences. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition in which the kidneys are damaged and cannot filter blood as they always do. A family history of kidney diseases or failure, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes may lead to CKD. This is a lasting damage to the kidney and chances of getting worse by time is high. The very common problems that results due to a kidney failure are heart diseases, anemia, bone diseases, high potassium, and calcium. The worst-case situation leads to complete kidney failure and necessitates kidney transplant to live. An early detection of CKD can increase the quality of life to a greater extent. This calls for good prediction algorithm to predict CKD at an earlier stage. Literature shows a wide range of machine learning algorithms employed for the prediction of CKD. This paper uses data preprocessing, data transformation and various classifiers to predict CKD and proposes best Prediction framework for CKD. The results of the framework show promising results of better prediction at an early stage of CKD.