Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting unstructured web information for managing linked data spaces

The interlinking, maintenance and updating of different Linked Data repositories is steadily becoming a critical issue as the amount of published data increases. Hence, the automation or the provision of substantial computational support in various phases of the management process is a particularly important topic. The present paper discusses the main considerations of managing and evolving Linked Data repositories and proposes an experimental methodology, based on the usage of unstructured online information, for handling the issues emerging from the Linked Data management process.
Canadian Weathercasters’ Current and Potential Role as Climate Change Communicators

ABSTRACT Climatologists worldwide are calling for urgent action to manage climate change, but public engagement remains a significant challenge. This lack of engagement is often attributed to psychological distance: climate change is perceived as something happening far away, to other people, or in a hypothetical future. TV weathercasters are ideally situated to communicate the geographically and temporally proximate impacts of climate change and increase public engagement. This study explores the status of climate change reporting amongst weathercasters in Canada, where no such research has been conducted. The respondents suggested that many, but not all, weathercasters are engaged with climate change and interested in presenting local, climate-related content; however, their on-air climate change communication behavior is highly limited. This analysis builds on research conducted with American weather broadcaster by indicating that Canadian weathercasters share their potential as effective climate change communicators, but are highly uncertain about their capacity to support this role.
Nudge nudge wink wink: elements of face-to-face conversation for embodied conversational agents

It will not be possible to apply exactly the same teaching process to the machine as to a normal child. It will not, for instance, be provided with legs, so that it could not be asked to go out and fill the coal scuttle. Possibly it might not have eyes. But however well these deficiencies might be overcome by clever engineering, one could not send the creature to school without the other children making excessive fun of it. —Alan Turing, "Computing Machinery and Intelligence," 1950
A fast noise resilient anomaly detection using GMM-based collective labelling

Anomaly detection algorithms face several challenges including computational complexity and resiliency to noise in input data. In this paper, we propose a fast and noise-resilient cluster-based anomaly detection method using collective labelling approach. In the proposed Collective Probabilistic Anomaly Detection method, first instead of labelling each new sample (as normal or anomaly) individually, the new samples are clustered, then labelled. This collective labelling mitigates the negative impact of noise by relying on group behaviour rather than individual characteristics of incoming samples. Second, since grouping and labelling new samples may be time-consuming, we summarize clusters using Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). Not only does GMM offer faster processing speed; it also facilitates summarizing clusters with arbitrary shape, and consequently, reducing the memory space requirement. Finally, a modified distance measure, based on Kullback-Liebner method, is proposed to calculate the similarity among clusters represented by GMMs. We evaluate the proposed method on various datasets by measuring its false alarm rate, detection rate and memory requirement. We also add different levels of noise to the input datasets to demonstrate the performance of the proposed collective anomaly detection method in the presence of noise. The experimental results confirm superior performance of the proposed method compared to individually-based labelling techniques in terms of memory usage, detection rate and false alarm rate.
H∞ measurement-feedback control for systems with input and measurement delays

The paper deals with the Hinfin measurement-feedback control problem of the systems with single I/O delay. At first, it converts the original problem into minimizing an expected quadratic form, then via treating control variables as pseudo-measurements in Krein space, the problem thus becomes to solve a filtering problem, which is a core of the paper. The filtering problem will finally be resolved by reorganizing innovation analysis. Unlike the existed results, the idea proposed here can be generalized to systems with multiple I/O delays and time-varying system.
A High Pressure Investigation of the Order-Disorder Phase Transition and Accompanying Spin Crossover in [FeL12](ClO4)2 (L1 = 2,6-bis{3-methylpyrazol-1-yl}-pyrazine)

A high pressure single crystal X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy study has revealed a similar mechanism for both thermal and pressure-induced spin crossover in [FeL12](ClO4)2 (L1 = 2,6-bis{3-methylpyrazol-1-yl}-pyrazine) and the concomitant anion order-disorder transition.
Culture ’ s Role in Marketers ’ Ethical Decision Making : An Integrated Theoretical Framework

Dr. Katharina J. Srnka, Assistant Professor of Marketing at University of Vienna, Austria. 2003 Visiting Professor at MBA Solvay Business School, Université Libre des Bruxelles, Belgium. 2001/02 Visiting Professor at the Institute of Marketing and Retailing, University of St. Gallen, Switzerland. Major Fields of Research: Marketing Ethics, Consumer Behavior, CrossCultural and Qualitative Marketing Research. Address for correspondence: University of Vienna, Department of Marketing, Bruenner Str. 72, A-1210 Vienna, Austria; Tel. : (++43-1) 4277 -38020; Fax: -38014; E-mail: katharina.srnka@univie.ac. at; URL: http://www.bwl. univie.ac. at/bwl/mark/srnka.htm. The author would like to thank the Special Issue Editor John B. Ford and the three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions. Further, I thank my colleagues Dr. Claus Ebster and Dr. Katja Meier-Pesti at University of Vienna for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper. This article is part of a special issue on "Conceptual/Theoretical Issues in Marketing in a Cross-Cultural Context" edited by John B. Ford.
Inductive Logic Programming: From Logic of Discovery to Machine Learning

Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) is a study of machine learning systems that use clausal theories in first-order logic as a representation language. In this paper, we survey theoretical foundations of ILP from the viewpoints of Logic of Discovery and Machine Learning, and try to unify these two views with the support of the modern theory of Logic Programming. Firstly, we define several hypothesis construction methods in ILP and give their proof-theoretic foundations by treating them as a procedure which complets incomplete proofs. Next, we discuss the design of individual learning algorithms using these hypothesis construction methods. We review known results on learning logic programs in computational learning theory, and show that these algorithms are instances of a generic learning strategy with proof completion methods. key words: logic of discovery, Inductive Logic Programming, Machine Learning
A Simple Differential Calibration Scheme for Multi-channel Errors in DOA Estimation

The presence of gain and phase errors between array elements and corresponding channels is known to significantly degrade the performance of most high resolution direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms. In this paper, a simple calibration scheme is proposed to eliminate the errors existing in the multiple channels of a direction finding (DF) system equipped with a uniform circular array (UCA). Based on differential calculations and second-order statistics, the new calibration method can compensate the differences between the channels effectively with lower implementation complexity. The design process of the scheme is described and discussed in detail. Both theoretical analyses and Monte-Carlo simulations are also provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Hyperbolic volume of representations of fundamental groups of cusped 3-manifolds

Let W be a compact manifold and let ρ be a representation of its fundamental group into PSL(2, C). Then the volume of ρ is defined by taking any ρ-equivariant map from the universal cover W~ to ℍ 3 and then by integrating the pullback of the hyperbolic volume form on a fundamental domain. It turns out that such a volume does not depend on the choice of the equivariant map. Dunfield extended this construction to the case of a noncompact (cusped) manifold M, but he did not prove that the volume is well defined in all cases. We prove here that the volume of a representation is always well defined and depends only on the representation. Moreover, we show that this volume can be easily computed by straightening any ideal triangulation of M. We show that the volume of a representation is bounded from above by the relative simplicial volume of M. Finally, we prove a rigidity theorem for representations of the fundamental group of a hyperbolic manifold. Namely, we prove that if M is hyperbolic and vol(ρ) = vol(M), then ρ is discrete and faithful.
Pghaxc and Pghbxc, Are Regulated by Type Iii Secretion Regulators Hrpx and Hrpg and Are Required for Virulence

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the causal agent of black rot disease, produces a suite of extracellular cell-wall degrading enzymes (CWDE) that are involved in bacterial virulence. Polygalacturonase (PG) is an important CWDE and functions to degrade the pectic layers of plant cell walls. Although previous studies have documented the virulence functions of PG in Erwinia and Ralstonia species, the regulation of PG genes still needs to be elucidated. In this study, we identified two novel PG genes (pghAxc and pghBxc) encoding functional PG from X. campestris pv. campestris 8004. The expressions of these two PG genes are regulated by the type III secretion regulators HrpX and HrpG and the global regulator Clp. These PG genes could be efficiently induced in planta and were required for the full virulence of X. campestris pv. campestris to Arabidopsis. In addition, these PG were confirmed to be secreted via the type II secretion system in an Xps-dependent manner. The type II secretion system (T2SS) allows most gram-negative bacteria to deliver extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and toxins to their surroundings and hosts, many of which are responsible for pathogenesis in plants and animals (Sandkvist 2001a). Among the virulence factors secreted by the T2SS of phytopathogens, cell-wall degrading enzymes (CWDE), such as polygalacturonases (PG), cellulases, xylanases, and prote-ases, have been studied due to their clear or potential functions in bacterial pathogenesis, and comprehensive studies on the structures and functions of CWDE have been undertaken. CWDE function to break down the components of host cell walls and may play a crucial role in virulence and bacterial PG are hydrolytic enzymes of CWDE that selectively degrade the pectic polymers, the major components of higher-plant middle lamellae and primary cell walls. PG are classified by activity as endo-PG (EC 3. 2. 1. 15) and exo-PG (EC 3. 2. 1. 67). Endo-PG randomly hydrolyze polygalacturonic acid, releasing oligosaccharidic chains of variable length, whereas exo-PG release either galacturonate monomer, in the case of exoPG (EC 3.2.1.67), or dimmer (digalacturonate), in the case of exo-poly-aD -galacturonosidase (EC 3.2.1.82), starting from the nonreducing end (Huang and Allen 1997). PG are produced by a wide range of fungal and bacterial phytopathogens to overcome the physical barriers composed of pectins and to provide abundant carbon resources inside the plant host. Their activities cause symptoms including leaf spot, soft rot, and wilt (Collmer and Keen 1986; Huang and Allen 1997). Although some aspects of expression regulation and …
Model Selection of Least Squares Support Vector Regression Using Quantum-Behaved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

The selection for hyper-parameters is difficult and important to the performance of least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM). The existed parameters selection algorithms, such as the analytical, algebraic techniques and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, have their own shortcomings. In this paper, the problem of model selection for LS-SVM is discussed and a new method selecting the LS-SVM hyper-parameters is proposed based on the principles of the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO). The feasibility of this method is evaluated on data sets produced by sine function. Experimental results show that LS-SVM of QPSO-based hyper- parameters selection obtains better generalization capability and has more fast convergence speed than PSO-based hyper-parameters selection. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to establish a soft- sensor model for content of Bisphenol A (CBPA) in rearrangement productive process. The results of real data simulation also show that this method is effective.
A fast evolutionary algorithm for dynamic bi-objective optimization problems

Many real-world optimization problems involve multiple objectives, constraints, and parameters which constantly change with time. In this paper, we suggest a fast dynamic bi-objective evolutionary algorithm (DBOEA). Specifically, a fast bi-objective non-dominated sorting is introduced to reduce the cost of the layering of non-dominated fronts. A differential evolution operator is also adopted as the new evolutionary search engine so as to accelerate the optimization search speed and improve the obtained results. The DBOEA is very fit for dynamic bi-objective optimization, for its computational complexity is O(N log N). The simulate results demonstrate that the proposed DBOEA outperforms the well-known dynamic non-dominated sorting algorithm II (DNSGA-II) not only in running speed, but also in terms of finding a diverse set of solutions and in converging near the dynamic Pareto optimal front.
Willingness to pay for improved maize seeds among smallholder farmers

Kenya is considered to be a developing country. This means that basic needs such as nutrition are not met for an extended period of time (www, Sida 1, 2012). Approximately half of the population is living under the poverty line (www, CIA 1, 2012). Agriculture is the largest sector in the country, employing 75% of the population. These are thereby directly dependent on the sufficiency of outputs received. This makes efficient, easy-accessible and cheap agricultural practices an important matter in order to improve food security. Maize is the prime staple food commodity in Kenya and represents a substantial share of people’s nutritional intake. It exist a number of improved maize seeds on the market, that grow plants with a better pest resistance and provides a higher yield for the farmers. This study is the result of questionnaire based interviews with 52 small scale Kenyan farmers. The study was located to two separated areas; Bondo in western Kenya, and Kibugu in central Kenya. The questionnaire captured the farmers’ use and perceived importance of the use of soil-fertility enhancing practices and improved seeds. Willingness to pay for two types of improved maize seeds was measured through a payment card. It was required to use different seeds for the two areas due to diverse climate conditions. Through the results a number of factors was determined that decides how farmer choose which practices to use. Those were familiarity, monetary cost, accessibility, time consumption and social acceptance. Practices that already were used to a large extent received high importance while expensive and time consuming practices received low importance. Farmers have constraints in their production which sometimes prevent them from using the practices wished for. These are mainly time, money and for Kibugu also the amount of land. The Willingness to pay for the seeds was 98 Kenya Shillings per kilogram for Kibugu and 87 for Bondo. Both these amounts are significantly lower than the market price for improved seeds at the spring of 2012 (~175-200 KSH/kg). Farmers stated that the high price prevented them from purchasing as much seeds as wished. This indicates that the market price is too high. There are few actors on the seed market in these rural areas which enables the suppliers to exercise market power, in this case by setting a price above equilibrium. An increased competition would lead to price reductions and a higher consumption which could benefit the farmers and help secure food safety in Kenya. A regression was made over the correlation between the willingness to pay for improved seeds and the use of other input factors. Farmers that already use other inputs such as animal manure, hired labor and chemical fertilizer should also have a demand for improved seeds according to Liebig's law of minimum and expansion path theory. The regression showed that income, the use of chemical fertilizer, animal manure and crop residues have a positive effect on willingness to pay, whilst hired labor have a negative effect.
Mesoscale Eddies Are Oases for Higher Trophic Marine Life

Mesoscale eddies stimulate biological production in the ocean, but knowledge of energy transfers to higher trophic levels within eddies remains fragmented and not quantified. Increasing the knowledge base is constrained by the inability of traditional sampling methods to adequately sample biological processes at the spatio-temporal scales at which they occur. By combining satellite and acoustic observations over spatial scales of 10 s of km horizontally and 100 s of m vertically, supported by hydrographical and biological sampling we show that anticyclonic eddies shape distribution and density of marine life from the surface to bathyal depths. Fish feed along density structures of eddies, demonstrating that eddies catalyze energy transfer across trophic levels. Eddies create attractive pelagic habitats, analogous to oases in the desert, for higher trophic level aquatic organisms through enhanced 3-D motion that accumulates and redistributes biomass, contributing to overall bioproduction in the ocean. Integrating multidisciplinary observation methodologies promoted a new understanding of biophysical interaction in mesoscale eddies. Our findings emphasize the impact of eddies on the patchiness of biomass in the sea and demonstrate that they provide rich feeding habitat for higher trophic marine life.
Recent Advances in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Gastroparesis

Gastroparesis is a clinical disorder characterized by upper gastrointestinal symptoms related with delayed gastric emptying of solids and liquids in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Diabetes mellitus has been the most common cause of gastroparesis and idiopathic gastroparesis also accounts for a third of all chronic cases. The most important mechanisms of gastroparesis, as understood to date, are loss of expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and loss of the interstitial cells of Cajal. However, the pathogenesis of gastroparesis is poorly understood. There have been several studies on specific molecules related to the pathogenesis of gastroparesis. Additionally, the Gastroparesis Clinical Research Consortium of the National Institutes of Health has achieved several promising results regarding the pathophysiology of gastroparesis. As the progress in the pathophysiology of gastroparesis has been made, a promising new drug therapy has been found. The pathophysiology and drug therapy of gastroparesis are focused in this review. Until now, the real-world medication options for treatment of gastroparesis are limited. However, it is expected to be substantially improved as the pathophysiology of gastroparesis is elucidated.
Pion-pion scattering amplitude

We obtain reliable ππ scattering amplitudes consistent with experimental data, both at low and high energies, and fulfilling appropriate analyticity properties. We do this by first fitting experimental low energy [s^(1/2) ≤ (1.42 GeV] phase shifts and inelasticities with expressions that incorporate analyticity and unitarity. In particular, for the S wave with isospin 0, we discuss in detail several sets of experimental data. This provides low energy partial wave amplitudes that summarize the known experimental information. Then, we impose Regge behavior as follows from factorization and experimental data for the imaginary parts of the scattering amplitudes at higher energy, and check fulfillment of dispersion relations up to 0.925 GeV. This allows us to improve our fits. The ensuing ππ scattering amplitudes are then shown to verify dispersion relations up to 1.42 GeV, as well as s t u crossing sum rules and other consistency conditions. The improved parametrizations therefore provide a reliable representation of pion-pion amplitudes with which one can test chiral perturbation theory calculations, pionium decays, or use as input for CP-violating K decays. In this respect, we find [a^(0)_0 a^(2)_0]^2 = (0.077 ± 0.008) M^(-2)_π and δ^(0)_(0) (m^(2)_K δ^(2)_(0) (m^(2)_(K) = 5209 ±1.6o.
SEARCHING FOR COMMON GROUND – TRANSNATIONAL ADVOCACY NETWORKS AND ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AMAZÔNIA

The success of internationally-driven efforts to promote local environmentally sustainable development (ESD) depends on grassroots groups’ and local organizations’ ability to take the lead in the process of defining the concept of ESD and the strategies to implement it. This argument is substantiated in this article through the analysis of the challenges and opportunities that confronted local grassroots groups in Rondônia, a Brazilian Amazon state that became the site of a World Bank-funded natural resources management initiative in the late1980s (the Planafloro project). The article describes how different approaches to ESD, sponsored by different stakeholders at different junctures of the Planafloro’s implementation, have affected the overall performance of the project and its environmental impact. The article focuses on the role played by Rondonian civil society groups in restructuring the Planafloro project to finance a fund for community initiatives, and discusses the impact of such grassroots-based development initiatives on Rondônia’s environment. Paper prepared for the workshop “Human Rights and Globalization: When Transnational Civil Society Networks Hit the Ground,” organized by the Center for Global, International, and Regional Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, December 1-2, 2000.
Watermark robustness in the print-cam process

In this paper, the possibility to apply conventional watermarking methods in a print-cam process is discussed. In the print-cam process, the watermark is read from a printed image with a camera phone. The process inflicts serious attacks to the watermark and, especially geometrical distortions. If the distortions are not inverted, they may destroy the watermark. In this paper, the distortions are corrected from the captured image with invisible, and visible templates and the message is successfully extracted after the distortions have been corrected. The BER values obtained are beneath 1.1% with resolution of 1600x1200 and JPEG quality factors of 100% and 80%. The success ratios are above 98% with respective settings, which shows that the inversion of the distortions was successful and the watermarking method is robust against the print-cam process.