Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LAYING PERFORMANCE, FAT DIGESTIBILITY AND LIVER CONDITION OF LAYING HENS SUPPLEMENTED WITH VITAMIN B12 OR BIOTIN AND/ OR BILE ACIDS IN DIET

For 8 weeks feeding trial, two hundred and seventy, 53 weeks old laying hens were used to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of vitamin B 12 or biotin and/or bile acids on performance, egg quality, fat digestibility and liver composition and histopathology. Birds were randomly divided into 6 groups (three replicates) and fed the experimental diets; group1 (G1) fed on the basal diet without additives as control while G2 and G3 supplemented with 0.02 ppm vitamin B 12 and 0.3 mg biotin/kg diet respectively, groups 4-6 fed as the previous detailed design of G1- G3 with the addition of 400 g of dried bile acid (DBA) /tone feed. Biotin supplementation significantly ( P ˂0.05) increased body weight losses of laying hens, both vitamins significantly ( P ˂0.05) decreased daily feed intake (FI) and improved FCR. DBA addition alone or with biotin reduced these weight losses along with significant ( P ˂0.05) increase in daily FI. Vitamin B 12 supplementation alone or with DBA increased average egg production (P˂0.05) while was reduced with biotin supplementation. Fat digestibility was non-significantly improved (P≥0.05) with both vitamins supplementation without or with DBA. Biotin significantly ( P ˂0.05) reduced the average yolk relative weight, which was increased when mixed with DBA, while significantly increased average egg albumin relative weight. Vitamin B 12 or biotin addition without or with DBA non-significantly increased blood serum GOT and GPT activities, non-significantly reduced (P≥0.05) fat content of liver tissue (on dry matter or fresh basis) and serum lipid profile parameters except serum HDL concentration, was increased, with no histopathological changes in hepatic tissue. It could be summarized that vitamin B 12 supplementation without or with DBA is recommended in layer diet as it gave the best performance, reduced serum lipid profile and improved fat digestibility and the hepatic health. Key words: layers; egg quality; liver; vitamin B12; biotin; bile acids
On impurity handling in high performance stellarator/heliotron plasmas

The Large Helical Device (LHD) and Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X, under construction) are experiments specially designed to demonstrate long-pulse (quasi steady state) operation, which is an intrinsic property of stellarators and heliotrons. Significant progress has been made in establishing high performance plasmas. A crucial point is the increasing impurity confinement at high density observed at several machines (TJ-II, W7-AS, LHD) which can lead to impurity accumulation and early pulse termination by radiation collapse. In addition, theoretical predictions for non-axisymmetric configurations predict the absence of impurity screening by ion temperature gradients in standard ion-root plasmas. Nevertheless, scenarios were found where impurity accumulation was successfully avoided in LHD and W7-AS due to the onset of friction forces in the (high density and low temperature) scrape-off-layer (SOL), the generation of magnetic islands at the plasma boundary and to a certain degree also by edge localized modes, flushing out impurities and reducing the net impurity influx into the core. In both the W7-AS high density H-mode regime and in the case of application of sufficient electron cyclotron radiation heating power a reduction in impurity core confinement was observed. The exploration of such purification mechanisms is a demanding task for successful steady-state operation. Impurity transport at the plasma edge/SOL was identified to play a major role for the global impurity behaviour in addition to the core confinement.
Linear Time Algorithm Generation based on Well-Quasi-Orders

This paper demonstrates an automatic linear time generation based on the constructive proof of Higman's lemma described by Murthy-Russell (IEEE LICS 1990). A linear time disjunctive monadic query processing in an inde nite database on a linearly ordered domain, rst posed by Van der Meyden (ACM PODS 1992), is used as an example. Van der Meyden showed the existence of a linear time algorithm, but actual construction has remained an open problem until now.
HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING FOR FUZZY MODELING OF MATERIALS PROPERTY PREDICTION

Abstract A simple and effective fuzzy clustering approach is presented for fuzzy modeling from industrial data. In this approach, fuzzy clustering is implemented in two phases: data compression by a self-organizing network, and fuzzy partitioning via fuzzy c-means clustering associated with a proposed cluster validity measure. The approach is used to extract fuzzy models from data and find out the optimal number of fuzzy rules. The simulation results show that the proposed approach has good clustering performance with noise-contaminated data and high-dimensional industrial data.
Wortmannin, an Inhibitor of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase, Inhibits Transcytosis in Polarized Epithelial Cells (*)

Wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, inhibits both basolateral to apical and apical to basolateral transcytosis of ricin in Fisher rat thyroid (FRT) cells by 50% at 100 nM in a continuous transcytosis assay. In MDCK cells, a similar effect of wortmannin on basolateral to apical transcytosis of ricin was found, whereas apical to basolateral transcytosis was inhibited to a lesser degree. Transcytosis of dimeric IgA in MDCK cells expressing the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor was also reduced to 50% of controls, suggesting that wortmannin inhibits membrane translocation rather than sorting of specific proteins in the transcytotic pathway. This effect of wortmannin is selective, however, in that endocytosis at the basolateral domain and recycling at both the basolateral and apical membrane domains are unaffected, and apical endocytosis and apical secretion are only moderately reduced. We have shown previously that cAMP stimulates a late stage in basolateral to apical transcytosis in MDCK cells through activation of protein kinase A (Hansen, S. H., and Casanova, J. E.(1994) J. Cell Biol. 126, 677-687). Elevation of cellular cAMP still induced a 100% increase in transcytosis in wortmannin-treated cells, but transcytosis was no longer increased when compared to cells which received no drugs. In contrast, in experiments using a 17°C block to accumulate ricin internalized from the basolateral surface in the apical compartment of MDCK cells, wortmannin had little effect on the stimulation of transcytosis by activators of protein kinase A observed under these conditions. The data thus suggest the existence of a wortmannin-sensitive step in the transcytotic pathway, positioned after endocytosis but prior to translocation into the protein kinase A-sensitive apical compartment, implying a role for phosphoinositide 3-kinase in an intermediate step in transcytosis in polarized epithelial cells.
Stable D8-branes and tachyon condensation in type 0 open string theory

We consider non-BPS D8 (and D7) branes in type 0 open string theory and describe under which circumstances these branes are stable. We find stable non-BPS D7 and D8 in type 0 with and without D9-branes in the background. By extending the descent relations between D-branes to type 0 theories, the non-BPS D8-brane is considered as the result of a tachyon condensation of a D9 anti-D9 pair in type 0. We study the condensation of the open string tachyons in type 0 with generic gauge groups giving rise to different configurations involving non-BPS D8-branes and discuss the stability in each case. The results agree with the topological analysis of the vacuum manifold of the tachyon potential for each case.
On the Behavioral Component of the Third-Person Effect

This article examines the behavioral hypothesis of the third-person effect. It argues that self-other disparities in perceived message effects lead to specific rectifying behaviors due to, presumably, a recognition of the problematic situation defined by perceived effects. Such behaviors would be aimed at restricting messages with negative influence, correcting messages with ambiguous influence, and amplifying messages with positive influence. The hypothesis was tested with models specified through “the diamond method. ” These models allow for estimating effects of perceptual disparity while controlling for overall perceived message effects. Results from Web-based survey data showed that the third-person perception (i.e., greater effect on others than on self) was a robust and significant predictor across all three messages. But the directions of such effects differed across messages with desirable or undesirable presumed influence. Theoretical and methodological implications for future research on the beh.
The effect of IMPORT change in software change history

Source code change analysis in the project history is one of main issues in mining software repositories, which incorporates change prediction, API evolution and refactoring, etc. In the previous studies, fine-grained source code changes, that is, code level changes, were used to find source code change patterns. In this paper, we closely investigate IMPORT change type, which has not been unnoticed. At first, we performed modifying the existing change extraction tool, change distiller [3], to extract IMPORT change history. And then, we extracted commit history data from project repository of eclipse CDT and IDT. Change types for each change in commit history data have been determined using change types in [3] and IMPORT change types defined in this work. Finally, we analyzed the effect of IMPORT change using the frequency of each change type occurred in the commit history. Experimental result shows that the IMPORT change meaningfully affects other changes and it would be better to consider IMPORT change types in change analysis work.
On the effects of freeze-drying processes on the nutritional properties of foodstuff: A review

Abstract The aim of this paper is to review the effects of several different types of freeze-drying processes on some nutritional properties of foodstuff. Both the vacuum freeze-drying (VFD) process and the atmospheric freeze-drying (AFD) process have been considered, as well as the possibility of accelerating both using ultrasound (US), microwave (MWD), infrared (IR) heating, and other techniques. The effects of these processes on ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, and total antioxidant capacity have been extensively reviewed in this paper, as these molecules were widely investigated in the literature. Finally, a summary of effects on other less recurrent studied compounds is also presented. It appears that for vitamin C, VFD most of the time gives the best results; MWD and IR combined processes with VFD seem to be able to decrease processing time, while having a mild effect on product quality. With respect to phenolic compounds and total antioxidant capacity, VFD and AFD seem to have fairly similar effects, with a mild effect of IR and US.
Mechanisms of hypoxic vasodilatation of isolated rat mesenteric arteries: a comparison with metabolic inhibition

1 Hypoxia (PO2 < 5 mmHg) decreased vessel tone in isolated rat mesenteric arteries precontracted with either high [K+] or the thromboxane analogue U46619. This response was not altered by N‐nitro‐L‐arginine (L‐NA) and indomethacin. 2 Simultaneous measurement of pHi and tension showed that the decrease in vessel tone was accompanied by an intracellular acidification. Similar reductions in tone and pHi were observed with the metabolic inhibitors 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP) and sodium azide. 3 The presence of the lactate transport inhibitor α‐cyano‐4‐hydroxy‐cinnamic acid (CHC) increased the magnitude of the acidification and resulted in a significantly faster reduction in tone in response to hypoxia. Addition of CHC to normoxic tissues caused both a vasodilatation and a reduction of pHi. 4 A decrease in pHi induced on washout of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) resulted in an increase in tone. 5 Relaxation to hypoxia or metabolic inhibition was unaffected when the change in pHi was neutralized by addition of the weak base trimethylamine (TMA). 6 It is concluded that severe hypoxia decreases tone in isolated rat mesenteric arteries by a mechanism which is independent of nitric oxide and prostaglandins. Both severe hypoxia and metabolic inhibition reduced pHi, although this does not appear to be contributing to the changes in tone observed.
Regulation of cell fate determination by single-repeat R3 MYB transcription factors in Arabidopsis

MYB transcription factors regulate multiple aspects of plant growth and development. Among the large family of MYB transcription factors, single-repeat R3 MYBs are characterized by their short sequence (<120 amino acids) consisting largely of the single MYB DNA-binding repeat. In the model plant Arabidopsis, R3 MYBs mediate lateral inhibition during epidermal patterning and are best characterized for their regulatory roles in trichome and root hair development. R3 MYBs act as negative regulators for trichome formation but as positive regulators for root hair development. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review on the role of R3 MYBs in the regulation of cell type specification in the model plant Arabidopsis.
Using Gazetteers in Discriminative Information Extraction

Much work on information extraction has successfully used gazetteers to recognise uncommon entities that cannot be reliably identified from local context alone. Approaches to such tasks often involve the use of maximum entropy-style models, where gazetteers usually appear as highly informative features in the model. Although such features can improve model accuracy, they can also introduce hidden negative effects. In this paper we describe and analyse these effects and suggest ways in which they may be overcome. In particular, we show that by quarantining gazetteer features and training them in a separate model, then decoding using a logarithmic opinion pool (Smith et al., 2005), we may achieve much higher accuracy. Finally, we suggest ways in which other features with gazetteer feature-like behaviour may be identified.
The effects of education on farmer productivity in rural Ethiopia

The Ethiopian education system is characterised by extremely low participation rates, particularly in rural areas. This paper challenges the hypothesis that demand for schooling in rural Ethiopia is constrained by the traditional nature of farm technology and lack of visible benefits of schooling in terms of farmer productivity. The effects of schooling upon farmer productivity and efficiency are examined employing both average production functions and two-stage stochastic frontier production functions. Data drawn from a large household survey conducted in 1994 were used to estimate internal and external benefits of schooling in 14 cereal-producing villages. Empirical analyses reveal substantial internal (private) benefits of schooling for farmer productivity, particularly in terms of efficiency gains. However, a threshold effect is identified: at least four years of primary schooling are required to have a significant effect upon farm productivity. Evidence of strong external (social) benefits of schooling was also uncovered, suggesting that there may be considerable opportunities to take advantage of external benefits of schooling in terms of increased farm productivity if school enrolments in rural areas are increased.
Three New Combinations in the Genus Prunus s.l. (Rosaceae) from Iran

Abstract. Three new combinations in Prunus L. , i.e., P. ghahremanii (Maroofi, Attar & Vafadar) Falatoury, P. paradoxa (Dehshiri & Mozaff.) Falatoury, and P. yazdiana (Mozaff.) Falatoury, are proposed for Iranian species initially placed under Amygdalus L. or Cerasus Mill. , and the situation of Prunus in the Flora of Iran is discussed.
Marrow Tumor Purging Adenovirus for Treatment of Pediatric Solid Tumors and Bone A Midkine Promoter-based Conditionally Replicative

ABSTRACT The treatment of advanced neuroblastoma (NB) or Ewing’s sarcoma(ES) is one of the major challenges in pediatric oncology. Both malig-nancies are refractory to conventional therapies and have an extremelypoor prognosis. High-dose myeloablative radiochemotherapy with au-tologous bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell rescue is one of themost aggressive treatments attempted for these diseases but is oftenundermined by residual tumor cells contaminating the graft. Thus, inthis approach, purging of tumor cells from the graft is key to theprevention of relapse after transplantation. We investigated a novelapproach to eliminate tumor cells from the bone marrow or peripheralblood stem cell graft without causing stem cell damage through the useof a conditionally replicative adenovirus (Ad). ES and NB are sensitiveto Ad infection, and advanced NBs express a high level of the growth/differentiation factor midkine (MK). We confirmed in this study thatES cell lines (SK-ES-1 and RD-ES) are also sensitive to Ad infectionand express high levels of MK. In contrast, CD34
Mucosal Lymphoid Proliferation-Extra Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma

A common category of extra-nodal marginal zone lymphoma is cogitated by malignant transformation of the mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). MALT lymphomas enunciate an estimated 70% instances of marginal zone lymphoma per annum and nearly 5% of nonHodgkin’s lymphoma. Extra-nodal locations such as gastric and pulmonary tissue, breast, small intestine, salivary gland, thyroid and ocular adnexa are implicated. MALT lymphoma is further categorized into
Replication Protein A ( RPA 1 a ) Is Required for Meiotic and Somatic DNA Repair But Is Dispensable for DNA Replication and Homologous Recombination in Rice 1 [ C ] [ W ]

Replication protein A (RPA), a highly conserved single-stranded DNA-binding protein in eukaryotes, is a stable complex comprising three subunits termed RPA1, RPA2, and RPA3. RPA is required for multiple processes in DNA metabolism such as replication, repair, and homologous recombination in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and human. Most eukaryotic organisms, including fungi, insects, and vertebrates, have only a single RPA gene that encodes each RPA subunit. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa), however, possess multiple copies of an RPA gene. Rice has three paralogs each of RPA1 and RPA2, and one for RPA3. Previous studies have established their biochemical interactions in vitro and in vivo, but little is known about their exact function in rice. We examined the function of OsRPA1a in rice using a T-DNA insertional mutant. The osrpa1a mutants had a normal phenotype during vegetative growth but were sterile at the reproductive stage. Cytological examination confirmed that no embryo sac formed in female meiocytes and that abnormal chromosomal fragmentation occurred in male meiocytes after anaphase I. Compared with wild type, the osrpa1amutant showed no visible defects in mitosis and chromosome pairing and synapsis during meiosis. In addition, the osrpa1a mutant was hypersensitive to ultraviolet-C irradiation and the DNA-damaging agents mitomycin C and methyl methanesulfonate. Thus, our data suggest that OsRPA1a plays an essential role in DNA repair but may not participate in, or at least is dispensable for, DNA replication and homologous recombination in rice.
A new feature descriptor derived from Hilbert space-filling curve to assist breast cancer classification

Malignant breast tumors and benign masses appear in mammograms with different shape characteristics: the former usually have rough, spiculated, or microlobulated contours, whereas the latter commonly have smooth, round, oval, or macrolobulated contours. Visual features that characterize shape roughness can assist in distinguishing between malignant tumors and benign masses in mammo-grams. Here we propose a new approach based on Hilbert curves to classify breast masses as benign or malignant. The feature extraction is performed in linear time, and is amenable to parallel processing, whereas the classification phase can be performed by a classical neural networks structure. We evaluated our method using a set of 111 contours from 65 benign masses and 46 malignant tumors. As the experimental evaluations show, we achieved an accuracy of 0.99 in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, a very high classification result.
Bank ownership and efficiency in post-conflict era of Sri Lanka: evidence from aggregate efficiency technique

Deviating from conventional methods in comparing the group performance of banks this study extends the established literature to compare efficiency between foreign and domestic banks, by employing comprehensive weighted aggregate efficiency measures derived through bootstrap simulations for the banking sector for the post confli ct era of Sri Lanka. The study also compares the banking sector performance between initial and later parts of the post conflict period, using weighted aggregate efficiency measures. At the end of the armed conflict between LTTE 1 and Sri Lankan government forces the banking sector experienced considerable expansion in terms of banking density and services volume, concurrent with overall economic expansion. T his study concludes that there was no significant difference in the efficiency levels between domesti c and foreign banks operating in Sri Lanka in the post conflict era. Further, it reveals that banking sector efficiency during the period 2010 2013 outperformed efficiency during the period 2008 2009. The major findings from this study are of importance to policy makers, as they enable evaluation of banking efficiency dynamics when the banking sector records higher expansion during a period of rapid economic growth.
Regional MRI Diffusion, White-Matter Hyperintensities, and Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

Background and Purpose An increase in brain water diffusivity as measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been recently reported in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) in patients affected by cognitive impairment. However, it remains to be clarified if this reflects an overt neuronal tissue disruption that leads to degenerative or microvascular lesions. This question was addressed by comparing the regional MRI apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of NAWM in patients affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD) or vascular dementia (VaD). The relationships of ADCs with the white-matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden, carotid atherosclerosis, and cognitive performance were also investigated. Methods Forty-nine AD and 31 VaD patients underwent brain MRI to assess the WMH volume and regional NAWM ADCs, neuropsychological evaluations, and carotid ultrasound to assess the plaque severity and intima-media thickness (IMT). Results Regional ADCs in NAWM did not differ between VaD and AD patients, while the WMH volume was greater in VaD than in AD patients. The ADC in the anterior corpus callosum was related to the WMH volume, while a greater carotid IMT was positively correlated with the temporal ADC and WMH volume. The memory performance was worse in patients with higher temporal ADCs. Constructional praxis scores were related to ADCs in the frontal, and occipital lobes, in the anterior and posterior corpus callosum as well as to the WMH volume. Abstract reasoning was related to frontal, parietal, and temporal ADCs. Conclusions Our data show that higher regional ADCs in NAWM are associated with microcirculatory impairment, as depicted by the WMH volume. Moreover, regional ADCs in NAWM are differently associated with the neuropsychological performances in memory, constructional praxia, and abstract reasoning domains.