Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postcoital Vaginal Perforation and Evisceration in Women with No Prior Pelvic Surgery: Laparoscopic Management and Systematic Review of the Literature

Objective: to evaluate risk factors, causes, management and surgical therapy of postcoital vaginal perforation and evisceration in women with no prior pelvic surgery. Data sources: We used MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase and Web of Science for our research. Our review includes all reports from 1980 to November 2020. The research strategy adopted included different combinations of the following terms: (intercourse) AND (coitus) AND (vaginal perforation). Methods of study selection: we report a case of vaginal evisceration after consensual intercourse in a young and healthy woman. In addition, we performed a systematic review of vaginal perforations with or without evisceration in women without prior surgery or any other predisposing disease. All studies identified were listed by citation, title, authors and abstract. Duplicates were identified by an independent manual screening, performed by one researcher and then removed. For the eligibility process, two authors independently screened the title and abstracts of all non-duplicated papers and excluded those not pertinent to the topic. Tabulation, integration and results: We have followed the PRISMA guidelines. Five manuscripts were detected through the references of the works that had been identified with the research on MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Embase and Web of Science. We found 16 cases between 1980 and 2020. The young age and the virginal status represent the principal risk factors and all the lacerations occurred in the posterior vaginal fornix. The most common surgical technique was the laparotomic approach and, in the remaining cases, the laparoscopic and vaginal route was performed. Conclusions: Post-coital vaginal perforation and evisceration in women with no prior pelvic surgery is a rare condition in the clinical practice and, when it is associated with evisceration it is a surgical emergency. Usually, these injuries are not life-threatening conditions but, a delay in diagnosis, can lead to severe complications. In consideration of the high heterogeneity of the data in the literature, it is essential to define a diagnostic–therapeutic management for the patients with vaginal perforation. With our review, we try to identify the associated risk factors, the best and fastest diagnosis, and the best surgical approach. We believe that a combined vaginal and laparoscopic approach can be the best surgical treatment, useful to diagnose injuries of the abdominal organs and to improve postoperative outcome.
Potential Future Alternative Resources for Rare Earth Elements: Opportunities and Challenges

Currently, there is an increasing industrial demand for rare earth elements (REE) as these elements are now integral to the manufacture of many carbon-neutral technologies. The depleting REE ores and increasing mining costs are prompting us to consider alternative sources for these valuable metals, particularly from waste streams. Although REE concentrations in most of the alternative resources are lower than current REE ores, some sources including marine sediments, coal ash, and industrial wastes, such as red mud, are emerging as promising with significant concentrations of REE. This review focuses on the alternative resources for REE, such as ocean bottom sediments, continental shelf sediments, river sediments, stream sediments, lake sediments, phosphorite deposits, industrial waste products, such as red mud and phosphogypsum, coal, coal fly ash and related materials, waste rock sources from old and closed mines, acid mine drainage, and recycling of e-waste. Possible future Moon exploration and mining for REE and other valuable minerals are also discussed. It is evident that REE extractions from both primary and secondary ores alone are not adequate to meet the current demand, and sustainable REE recovery from the alternative resources described here is also necessary to meet the growing REE demand. An attempt is made to identify the potential of these alternative resources and sustainability challenges, benefits, and possible environmental hazards to meet the growing challenges of reaching the future REE requirements.
Chemical Constituents of Thesium chinense Turcz and Their In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activities

Three novel compounds (1–3) along with twenty-six known compounds, two known steroids (4–5) and twenty-four known phenylpropanoids (6–29) were isolated from the whole plant of Thesium chinense Turcz. The structures of the three new compounds were elucidated on the basis of ESI-MS, HR-ESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, IR, UV spectroscopic data. The absolute stereochemistry of compound 1 was determined by the Gauge-Including Atomic Orbitals (GIAO) method. The in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated by DPPH radical-scavenging assay, LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells model and CCK-8 kit, respectively. Compound 11 showed high antioxidant activity with an SC50 value of 16.2 ± 1.6 μM. Compound 21 showed considerable anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 28.6 ± 3.0 μM. Compounds 4 and 5 displayed potent cytotoxic activity against human NCI-H292, SiHa, A549, and MKN45 cell lines, with the compound 4 having IC50 values of 17.4 ± 2.4, 22.2 ± 1.1, 9.7 ± 0.9, 9.5 ±0.7 μM, and the compound 5 having all IC50 values less than 0.1 μM in vitro.
Control of rate constrained linear parameter varying systems

Linear parameter varying (LPV) systems are defined as linear systems whose dynamics depend on exogenous time-varying parameters. Typically, the parameter values are assumed to be confined to a prescribed set. Further assumptions may include restrictions on the parameter rates of variation. In this paper, the authors examine the stability and stabilization of LPV systems under various restrictions on the parameter variations. In particular, the authors employ computational methods to explicitly construct invariant and controlled invariant sets for LPV systems. These sets will allow one to either infer stability or construct stabilizing feedback. Such methods have been used extensively throughout the controls literature from a variety of contexts. The authors present methods for stability analysis and stabilization. These methods are applicable to a variety of constraints on parameter variations.
Nonlinear Air Quality Modeling Using Support Vector Machines in Gijón Urban Area (Northern Spain) at Local Scale

Abstract Due to the health impacts caused by exposures to air pollutants in urban areas, monitoring and forecasting of air quality parameters have become popular as an important topic in atmospheric and environmental research today. The knowledge on the dynamics and complexity of air pollutants behaviour has made artificial intelligence and statistical learning models as a useful tool for a more accurate pollutant concentration prediction. The aim of this study is to build a regression model of daily air quality prediction by using support vector machine (SVM) technique in Gijón urban area (Northern Spain) at local scale. To accomplish the objective, the observed data of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, ozone and dust for years 2006 to 2008 are used to create a highly nonlinear model of the air quality in the city based on SVM techniques. One objective of this model was to make a preliminary estimate of the dependence between primary and secondary pollutants in Gijón urban area at local scale. A second aim was to determine the factors with the greatest bearing on air quality in order to propose health and lifestyle improvements. This support vector regression model captures the main insight of statistical learning theory to obtain a good prediction of the dependence among the main pollutants in Gijón urban area since it shows a good agreement between the observed and predicted values of pollutants using statistical estimators as correlation coefficients, mean errors and root mean squared errors. Finally, conclusions of this study are exposed.
Photopolymerization-induced materialization of the dipolar response from isolated metallic nanoparticles

We report on the characterization of the field diffracted by Au nanoparticles under optical excitation. The spatial distribution of the scattering diagram of the nanoparticles is materialized in real space through photopolymerization. These experiments find their motivations in optics where metallic nanoparticles are thought to find promising applications in plasmonics, but also in chemistry where nanometer scale polymerization mechanisms is a subject of current interest for both fundamental purposes or lithographic applications. For our experiments, the nanoparticles embedded in a photopolymerizable material are deposited on a glass substrate. The sample is then subjected to a global illumination and the field scattered by the particles enables for a local optical activation of the polymerization reaction. The nanometric sensitivity of the polymerization reaction determines the reaction's transfer function and allows for a spatially controlled characterization of the field scattered by the particles. The shape of the resulting polymeric material, representing the particle's spatial diffraction pattern, is subsequently characterized using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). For colloidal, randomly dispersed Au nanoparticles excited with linearly polarized light, the scattering induced topography is related to the dipolar response from the particle. More specifically, different components of the scattered field were identified that we assigned to the evanescent and progressive contributions of the dipole's field. Experiments in progress are aimed to study interacting particles with various shapes and sizes.
Cosmic gamma rays from the Orion molecular cloud complex

COS B results on the fluxes of cosmic gamma rays from the A and B clouds in the Orion complex have been used to study the extent to which known astronomical objects in the clouds are significant sources of cosmic-ray particles (sources such as T-Tauri stars, Herbig-Haro objects and radio sources). The method uses the ratio of the gamma -ray fluxes from the two clouds and is thus insensitive to systematic errors in the estimate of the masses of the clouds. It is found that there is no evidence favouring production of cosmic rays within the clouds to any significant extent; the clouds are probably inert in this respect and simply irradiated by the ambient cosmic-ray flux.
A Goal-Directed Program for Wheelchair Use for Children and Young People with Cerebral Palsy in Uganda: An Explorative Intervention Study

In this exploratory study, we investigate whether goal-directed intervention for wheelchairs can increase the activities of daily living for children and young people with cerebral palsy (CP) when implemented in rural Uganda. Thirty-two children and young people with CP (aged 3–18 years) participated in a home-visit intervention program, which included donating wheelchairs and setting individual goals. Goal achievement, frequency of wheelchair use, condition of wheelchairs, and caregivers’ perspectives were collected by interviews at 6–10 month after the start of intervention and the after three years. Our result show that most wheelchairs were in good condition and frequently used after 6–10 month with 83% goal achievement (132/158 goals; mean 4.3 (range 0–7). The caregivers reported several advantages (e.g., the child being happier) and few disadvantages (e.g., poor design and durability). At the three-year follow-up, only eleven wheelchairs were still used by 23 available participants (seven deceased and two moved). The children achieved 60% of their goals (32/53 goals mean 2.9; range 1–5). This demonstrates that the goal-directed intervention program for wheelchairs can be successfully implemented in a low-income setting with a high rate of goal achievement and frequent wheelchair use, facilitating participation. However, maintenance services are crucial to obtain sustainable results.
Habitual Tea Consumption Increases the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged and Older Individuals

In middle-aged and elderly individuals, the relationship between tea consumption and incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) is still unclear. Therefore, this study intends to figure out the relationship between tea-drinking frequency and MetS in rural middle-aged and older Chinese residents. In the Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study, 3632 middle-aged or older individuals (mean age 57 ± 8, 55.2% men) without MetS were included at baseline during 2012–2013 and were followed up on between 2015–2017. Participants showing differential tea consumption frequency were divided into the following classes: non-habitual tea drinkers, occasional tea drinkers, 1–2 times/day drinkers, and ≥3 times/day drinkers. Data showed that non-habitual tea drinking was more common among women. The frequency of tea consumption was higher in ethnic groups other than Han and among singles, as well as in concurrent smokers and drinkers and individuals with primary or lower educational status. The increasing tea consumption was in line with baseline elevations in body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and AST/ALT ratio. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that occasional tea drinking increased the incidence of low HDL-C [OR (95% CI): 1.268 (1.015, 1.584)], high waist circumference [OR (95% CI): 1.336 (1.102, 1.621)], and MetS [OR (95% CI): 1.284 (1.050, 1.570)]. In addition, 1–2 times/day tea drinking increased the cumulative incidence of high TG [OR (95% CI): 1.296 (1.040, 1.616)], high waist circumference [OR (95% CI): 1.296 (1.044, 1.609)] and MetS [OR (95% CI): 1.376 (1.030, 1.760)]. We demonstrated that regular tea consumption is correlated with a greater incidence of metabolic disorders and MetS. Our findings may help clarify the contradictory association reported between tea drinking and MetS development in middle-aged and older residents of rural China.
More private than public: the choice neighborhoods initiative as another tool for state-led gentrification in the Sun Valley neighborhood of Denver CO

ABSTRACT Through the Choice Neighborhoods Initiative (CNI), private investors and developers replace distressed US public housing with new mixed-income and mixed-use developments. Although these projects promote community involvement and are purported to prioritize community input and to benefit residents, private investors have disproportionate power and often modify redevelopment to favor the market-rate units while receiving tax incentives, extremely low-cost and long-term land-leases, and government funds for demolition, construction, maintenance, and management. Through a CNI program in Denver (US) we identify and examine the hardships experienced by its residents. CNI transitioned residents toward modern living amenities and mixed-income arrangements but with a loss of community and negatively impacted residents’ mental and physical health. Our initial findings highlight how this regeneration process can lead to degeneration, displacement, fragmented communities, and poor health outcomes for residents. Federal and local agencies should commit to programs that ensures collaborative community-centred planning from beginning to end.
Expression Patterns of PAK4 and PHF8 Are Associated with the Survival of Gallbladder Carcinoma Patients

Background: PAK4 and PHF8 are involved in cancer progression and are under evaluation as targets for cancer therapy. However, despite extensive studies in human cancers, there are limited reports on the roles of PAK4 and PHF8 in gallbladder cancers. Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of PAK4 and PHF8 and their prognostic significance were evaluated in 148 human gallbladder carcinomas. Results: PAK4 expression was significantly associated with PHF8 expression in gallbladder carcinomas. Positive expression of nuclear PAK4, cytoplasmic PAK4, nuclear PHF8, and cytoplasmic PHF8 were significantly associated with shorter overall survival and relapse-free survival in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that nuclear PAK4 expression and nuclear PHF8 expression were independent predictors of overall survival and relapse-free survival in gallbladder carcinomas. Furthermore, coexpression of nuclear PAK4 and nuclear PHF8 predicted shorter overall survival (p < 0.001) and relapse-free survival (p < 0.001) of gallbladder carcinoma in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: This study suggests that the individual and coexpression patterns of PAK4 and PHF8 as the prognostic indicators for gallbladder carcinoma patients.
Isolation of RNA from the Murine Colonic Tissue and qRT-PCR for Inflammatory Cytokines

E-cigarette (E-cig) inhalation affects health status by modulating inflammation profiles in several organs, including the brain, lung, heart, and colon. The effect of flavored fourth-generation pod-based E-cigs (JUUL) on murine gut inflammation is modulated by both flavor and exposure period. Exposure of mice to JUUL mango and JUUL mint for one month upregulated inflammatory cytokines, particularly TNF-α, IL-6, and Cxcl-1 (IL-8). JUUL Mango effects were more prominent than those incurred by JUUL Mint after one month of exposure. However, JUUL Mango reduced the expression of colonic inflammatory cytokines after three months of exposure. In this protocol, we detail the process of RNA isolation from the mouse colon and the use of extracted RNA in profiling the inflammatory milieu. Efficient RNA extraction from the murine colon is the most important step in the evaluation of inflammatory transcripts in the colon.
ON THE MEAN INACTIVITY TIME ORDERING WITH RELIABILITY APPLICATIONS

The purpose of this article is to study several preservation properties of stochastic comparisons based on the mean inactivity time order under the reliability operations of convolution and mixture. Characterizations and relationships with the other well-known orders are given. Some examples of interest in reliability theory are also presented. Finally, testing in the increasing mean inactivity time class is discussed.
A weighted average flux method for hyperbolic conservation laws

A numerical technique, called a ‘weighted average flux’ (WAF) method, for the solution of initial-value problems for hyperbolic conservation laws is presented. The intercell fluxes are defined by a weighted average through the complete structure of the solution of the relevant Riemann problem. The aim in this definition is the achievement of higher accuracy without the need for solving ‘generalized’ Riemann problems or adding an anti-diffusive term to a given first-order upwind method. Second-order accuracy is proved for a model equation in one space dimension; for nonlinear systems second-order accuracy is supported by numerical evidence. An oscillation-free formulation of the method is easily constructed for a model equation. Applications of the modified technique to scalar equations and nonlinear systems gives results of a quality comparable with those obtained by existing good high resolution methods. An advantage of the present method is its simplicity. It also has the potential for efficiency, because it is well suited to the use of approximations in the solution of the associated Riemann problem. Application of WAF to multidimensional problems is illustrated by the treatment using dimensional splitting of a simple model problem in two dimensions.
Analysis on the Convective Heat Transfer in a Rotating Tube With Field Synergy Principle

The field synergy principle was applied to the cooling system of the generator rotor with rotating coordinate system. Theoretical analyses for convective heat transfer were presented in both rotating system and the static one. A three dimensional model of the axial straight circular rotating tube was built for numerical simulation. The numerical simulation results with different boundary conditions and different rotating speeds were presented to verify the theoretical analysis results. The results show that the work of the solid wall with high rotating speed should be taken into account in the case with pre-rotational inlet condition.
The IgSF Cell Adhesion Protein CLMP and Congenital Short Bowel Syndrome (CSBS)

The immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule CLMP is a member of the CAR family of cell adhesion proteins and is implicated in human congenital short-bowel syndrome (CSBS). CSBS is a rare but very severe disease for which no cure is currently available. In this review, we compare data from human CSBS patients and a mouse knockout model. These data indicate that CSBS is characterized by a defect in intestinal elongation during embryonic development and impaired peristalsis. The latter is driven by uncoordinated calcium signaling via gap junctions, which is linked to a reduction in connexin43 and 45 levels in the circumferential smooth muscle layer of the intestine. Furthermore, we discuss how mutations in the CLMP gene affect other organs and tissues, including the ureter. Here, the absence of CLMP produces a severe bilateral hydronephrosis—also caused by a reduced level of connexin43 and associated uncoordinated calcium signaling via gap junctions.
Explainable artificial intelligence envisioned security mechanism for cyber threat hunting

Cyber threat hunting proactively searches for cyber threats, which are undetected by the traditional defense mechanisms. It scans deep to identify malicious programs (ie, malware) that escape from detection. It is important because sophisticated cyber threats can bypass the cyber security mechanisms. The performance of the cyber threat hunting can be improved through artificial intelligence (AI), especially, explainable AI (XAI), which adds trust component to the cyber threat hunting process. Due to the inclusion of XAI, the security experts get the full explanations of the detected threats as the working of the detection model in XAI is known. Information, like, which one is a threat, how it has been detected, and why it has been detected, can be obtained very easily due to the inclusion of XAI in the cyber threat hunting. Therefore, an XAI‐envisioned mechanism for cyber threat hunting has been proposed (in short, XAISM‐CTH). The network and threat models of XAISM‐CTH are designed and discussed. The conducted security analysis proves the security of XAISM‐CTH against various potential attacks. XAISM‐CTH also performs better than the other existing schemes. At the end, a practical implementation of XAISM‐CTH has been provided to observe its impact on the performance of the system.
Performance improvement factors in quantum radar/illumination

In this study, we exploit quantum information processing, the research field focusing on quantum two-mode squeezed (QTMS) radar and quantum illumination (QI), to investigate the qualitative behaviors of entanglement, the entropy of formation, and squeezing in these protocols. We use logarithmic negativity to investigate entanglement between the signal and idler and propose strategies to maintain entanglement at room temperature in both protocols. We also calculate the entanglement, squeezing, and entropy for the QTMS radar when the target is present and the signal is transmitted to the target. In addition, by controlling the squeezing parameter which is a tool to control entanglement, entropy, and squeezing, the performance of the QTMS radar can be improved, so this work shows how it is implemented in practice. In both protocols, entanglement is maintained by considering conditions. Since the squeezing parameter controls both signal and idler power and the correlation between them, therefore, the qualitative behavior of squeezing in the QTMS radar and QI is also studied in this research. The significant result obtained from the QI is that the entanglement maintains at high power, low temperature, and high correlation between signal and idler. In contrast, in the QTMS, the entanglement survives when the correlation and power are low, even at room temperature.