Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Testing of Operation Invariance

We present an approach to automatically generating operation invariance tests for use with Haskell’s random testing framework QuickCheck. The motivation stems from a paper by Holdermans [8] which showed how to address certain shortcomings of straightforward testing of implementations of an abstract datatype. While effective, his solution requires extra generation work from the test engineer. Also, it may not even be doable if the person responsible for testing has no knowledge about, and program-level access to, the internals of the concrete datatype implementation under test. We propose and realize a refinement to Holdermans’ solution that improves on both aspects: Required operation invariance tests can be formulated even in ignorance of implementation internals, and can be automatically generated using Template Haskell.
Usability Evaluation using Mapping Strategy : A Case Study of e-Appeal System

in most of the business domain nowadays. Increasing demand for web based application certainly trigger the needs for a quality assessment of it. In that case, most of the web based quality assessment method utilize usability concept since web based application widely deal with usability characteristics. As a result, there are number of usability assessment methods proposed by researcher which cover mainly on understand ability and learnability. However, the web based usability for educational domain yet to be evaluated from user perspective. For this reason, web based application known as e-appeal system, evaluated empirically in an effort to identify the usefulness of that application. Hence, ISO9126 usability metrics used as benchmark in this evaluation process by specifying the ability to understood and learned the e-appeal system. As a result, the data shows that e-appeal system is suitable for its intended use to serve the end user. Apart from that, the study outcome indicates that end user can learn on the system functionality within limited time. Thus, it shows the e-appeal system equipped with effective help system and adequate documentation. For the new web based application developer, the e-appeal system evaluation process flow provides a guideline in evaluating application using the mapping strategy.
Inhibition of Xanthomonas fragariae, Causative Agent of Angular Leaf Spot of Strawberry, through Iron Deprivation

In commercial production settings, few options exist to prevent or treat angular leaf spot (ALS) of strawberry, a disease of economic importance and caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas fragariae. In the process of isolating and identifying X. fragariae bacteria from symptomatic plants, we observed growth inhibition of X. fragariae by bacterial isolates from the same leaf macerates. Identified as species of Pseudomonas and Rhizobium, these isolates were confirmed to suppress growth of X. fragariae in agar overlay plates and in microtiter plate cultures, as did our reference strain Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Screening of a transposon mutant library of KT2440 revealed that disruption of the biosynthetic pathway for the siderophore pyoverdine resulted in complete loss of X. fragariae antagonism, suggesting iron competition as a mode of action. Antagonism could be replicated on plate and in culture by addition of purified pyoverdine or by addition of the chelating agents tannic acid and dipyridyl, while supplementing the medium with iron negated the inhibitory effects of pyoverdine, tannic acid and dipyridyl. When co-inoculated with tannic acid onto strawberry plants, X. fragariae’s ability to cause foliar symptoms was greatly reduced, suggesting a possible opportunity for iron-based management of ALS. We discuss our findings in the context of ‘nutritional immunity,’ the idea that plant hosts restrict pathogen access to iron, either directly, or indirectly through their associated microbiota.
An Activity Monitoring Application for Windows Mobile Devices

Obesity is rising at an alarming rate. A great challenge facing the health community is introducing population-wide approaches to weight management as existing health and medical provisions do not have the capacity to cope. Technology is fast becoming an important tool to combat this trend. The use of activity monitors is becoming more common in health care as a device to measure everyday activity levels of patients as activity is often linked to weight. This paper outlines a research project where Bluetooth technology can be used to connect a commercial wrist-worn activity monitor with a Windows Mobile device to allow the user to upload the activity data to a remote server.
Gaussian Process Classification using Image Deformation

An image deformation algorithm is integrated with a Gaussian process classifier for application to remote-sensing tasks in which data is in the form of imagery. To combine these disparate techniques, we introduce a novel kernel covariance function for the Gaussian process that allows us to incorporate the result of the image deformation algorithm into a rigorous Bayesian classification framework. The resulting classifier is completely non-parametric in the sense that no parameters or hyperparameters must be learned. The promise of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on a data set of real, measured land mine data.
Comparison of Physicochemical Properties and Immunomodulatory Activity of Polysaccharides from Fresh and Dried Litchi Pulp

Drying is commonly used for preservation and processing of litchi. However, its polysaccharide structure may be altered by the drying process, resulting in biological activity changes. Polysaccharides from fresh and dried litchi pulp (denoted as LPF and LPD, respectively) were isolated, investigated by GC-MS, GPC and UV/IR spectrum analysis and their antitumor and immunomodulatory activities were evaluated in vitro. LPD, the molecular weight of which was lower than that of LPF, contained more protein, uronic acid, arabinose, galactose and xylose. Compared with LPF, LPD exhibited a higher inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG2, Hela and A549 cells from 50–750 μg/mL. LPD was also a better stimulator of spleen lymphocyte proliferation, NK cells cytotoxicity and macrophage phagocytosis from 50–400 μg/mL. In summary, drying could change the physicochemical properties and enhance the bioactivity of polysaccharides from litchi pulp. This finding is supported by the fact that dried litchi pulps are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Distributed Simulation Environment for the ShoX Network Simulator

Discrete-event wireless network simulators are important tools, which enable an efficient development and evaluation of communication protocols. They can be used already at early project stages and provide useful results, when e.g. a real-world deployment or mathematical analysis is not applicable. One of the major challenges in the field of discreteevent wireless network simulators is the relatively high amount of time needed to run simulations. As scenarios and protocols become more complex, the time needed to run simulations can amount to several hours for a single run. At the same time, tens of runs are needed to produce statistically significant results only for one parameter combination, which leads to total simulation run times of several days or even a few weeks, since usually several parameter combinations are needed. Therefore, many developers distribute their simulations manually, which however often yields poor solutions, since only a small portion of their time is available for this task. To cope with this problem, in this paper, we present a distributed environment which extends the ShoX network simulator. It distributes a set of runs automatically and manages the overall simulation execution. The user can determine the nodes on which the simulations are executed, the parameter and seed ranges, among other settings. In order to improve the ease of use, our approach offers a GUI and collects the simulation results at a specified target.
Surface Boundary Conditions for Mesoscale Regional Climate Models

Abstract This paper utilizes the best available quality data from multiple sources to develop consistent surface boundary conditions (SBCs) for mesoscale regional climate model (RCM) applications. The primary SBCs include 1) fields of soil characteristic (bedrock depth, and sand and clay fraction profiles), which for the first time have been consistently introduced to define 3D soil properties; 2) fields of vegetation characteristic fields (land-cover category, and static fractional vegetation cover and varying leaf-plus-stem-area indices) to represent spatial and temporal variations of vegetation with improved data coherence and physical realism; and 3) daily sea surface temperature variations based on the most appropriate data currently available or other value-added alternatives. For each field, multiple data sources are compared to quantify uncertainties for selecting the best one or merged to create a consistent and complete spatial and temporal coverage. The SBCs so developed can be readily incorpor.
Semantic Based Text Classification Using WordNets: Indian Language Perspective

Automatic text classification is an area that has received a great deal of attention in recent research due to current growth of Internet, which has resulted in huge amount of information that has become a challenge to access efficiently. This paper describes an experimental result on how to create an automatic efficient and effective tool that is able to classify large documents quickly. Our method is built on lexical chain of linking significant words that are about a particular topic with the help of hypernym relation in WordNet. We have tested for the Indian language Sanskrit using SanskritNet and also extracting and scoring lexical chain considering with necessary design decisions.
The challenges of sustainability of health information systems in developing countries: comparative case studies of Mozambique and Tanzania

The introduction of Information Technology (IT) typically comes with the promise of helping to manage scarce resources, increase efficiencies, reduce workload, and increase work productivity. In the context of developing countries, the lure of these promises is magnified given the existing conditions and inefficiencies. International donors for example the World Bank, or the World Health Organization play an important role in shaping this promise because developing countries are dependent on them for both technical and financial aspects. Given that IT projects may take a long time to be fully institutionalized, sufficient resources are required to build the local capacity to support and sustain the project after the withdrawal of donors. Inadequate donor support often contributes to weakening rather than strengthening human resource capacity and effective system design, since it emphasizes the technology itself in the expense of the needs of the users. These factors contribute to the design and implementation of unsustainable health information systems (HIS) in developing countries. Through a comparative case analysis of the HIS in Mozambique and Tanzania, we have identified three sets of relationships as crucial in shaping the sustainability of HIS. The relationships between the Ministry of Health (MoH) and the software development agency, between the MoH and the donors, and between the donors and the software development agency. The reasons for the lack of alignment between the relationships, although possibly different in the two cases, are identified and some specific recommendations are made to support their alignment, and with it, we argue, the sustainability of the system.
Understanding Co-Running Behaviors on Integrated CPU/GPU Architectures

Architecture designers tend to integrate both CPUs and GPUs on the same chip to deliver energy-efficient designs. It is still an open problem to effectively leverage the advantages of both CPUs and GPUs on integrated architectures. In this work, we port 42 programs in Rodinia, Parboil, and Polybench benchmark suites and analyze the co-running behaviors of these programs on both AMD and Intel integrated architectures. We find that co-running performance is not always better than running the program only with CPUs or GPUs. Among these programs, only eight programs can benefit from the co-running, while 24 programs only using GPUs and seven programs only using CPUs achieve the best performance. The remaining three programs show little performance preference for different devices. Through extensive workload characterization analysis, we find that architecture differences between CPUs and GPUs and limited shared memory bandwidth are two main factors affecting current co-running performance. Since not all the programs can benefit from integrated architectures, we build an automatic decision-tree-based model to help application developers predict the co-running performance for a given CPU-only or GPU-only program. Results show that our model correctly predicts 14 programs out of 15 for evaluated programs. For a co-run friendly program, we further propose a profiling-based method to predict the optimal workload partition ratio between CPUs and GPUs. Results show that our model can achieve 87.7 percent of the optimal performance relative to the best partition. The co-running programs acquired with our method outperform the original CPU-only and GPU-only programs by 34.5 and 20.9 percent respectively.
An efficient hybrid LUT/SOP reconfigurable architecture

With the increasing NRE cost of advanced process technologies, reconfigurable devices receive great attention in small and medium volume IC designs. However, lower logic utilization and slower timing performance limit the efficacy of FPGA and CPLD. In this paper, we propose an efficient hybrid LUT/SOP reconfigurable design style to exploit both the advantages of LUT-cell and SOP-cell for circuit design. After that, architectural evaluations are performed in order to have the best cell mixture ratio. Furthermore, three logic optimization techniques, cell collapsing, phase flipping, and phase duplication, are proposed for hybrid LUT/SOP FPGA synthesis from a pure LUT-based design. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed hybrid LUT/SOP design style achieves 35% circuit performance improvement and 51% transistor count reduction as compared with the depth optimal 4-LUT-based FPGA.
Assessment moderation in an Australian context: processes, practices, and challenges

ABSTRACT Moderation is a quality assurance process that plays a central role in the teaching, learning, and assessment cycle in higher education. While there is a growing body of research globally on teaching, learning, and, to a lesser degree, assessment in higher education, the process of moderation of assessment has received even less attention. In a context of heightened accountability and greater transparency in the tertiary sector, the formalising of moderation processes has not been a part of established practice. In light of these changes, the purpose of this qualitative study was to identify and investigate current marking and moderation processes and practices operating within one faculty in a large urban university in eastern Australia to gain insight into the challenges to effective moderation. The findings suggest the need for moderation to be considered holistically as an inherent part of teaching and learning, and the need for ongoing staff development.
The Situation Specificity of Youth Responses to Peer Provocation

Previous studies have identified peer provocation as a challenging class of situations for youth. The work presented here builds on previous methods of assessing peer provocation by (a) increasing the contextual detail of the vignettes; (b) developing a reliable, descriptive coding system of the range of youth responses to physical, verbal, and relational provocation; and (c) assessing the relevance of these situations for a sample (N = 76) of ethnically diverse, economically disadvantaged youth ages 12 to 14. The vignettes were used to examine the situation specificity of youth responses to provocation. Situation and identity of aggressor were both predictors of youth responses. For example, participants "matched" physical aggression to physical provocation. These findings are consistent with previous studies demonstrating the situation specificity of social information processing, even within the relatively homogeneous category of peer provocations.
Characterization of spiral inductors with patterned floating structures

The impact of two different types of floating patterns on spiral inductors was investigated. Both patterned trench isolation with a floating p/n junction and floating metal poles were implemented underneath reference spiral inductors. All three types of inductors have an identical spiral geometry. Combination of patterned trench isolation with a floating p/n junction increases maximum quality factor (Q/sub max/) by 17% compared to the reference inductors. The floating metal poles enable adjustment of the frequency at Q/sub max/ (f/sub max/) without hampering the Q/sub max/. A ladder-type lump-element model was employed to analyze inductor performance after it was demonstrated to precisely capture behavior of all three inductors. Enhancement of the quality factor due to patterned trench isolation with a floating p/n junction was found to result from an increment of effective resistivity in substrates. Reduction of the frequency f/sub max/ due to the floating metal poles was caused by increasing effective coupling capacitance between the spiral inductors and substrate.
Tensors : A brief introduction

Tensor decompositions are at the core of many blind source separation (BSS) algorithms, either explicitly or implicitly. In particular, the canonical polyadic (CP) tensor decomposition plays a central role in the identification of underdetermined mixtures. Despite some similarities, CP and singular value decomposition (SVD) are quite different. More generally, tensors and matrices enjoy different properties, as pointed out in this brief introduction.
Adaptive Leadership Framework for Chronic Illness

We propose the Adaptive Leadership Framework for Chronic Illness as a novel framework for conceptualizing, studying, and providing care. This framework is an application of the Adaptive Leadership Framework developed by Heifetz and colleagues for business. Our framework views health care as a complex adaptive system and addresses the intersection at which people with chronic illness interface with the care system. We shift focus from symptoms to symptoms and the challenges they pose for patients/families. We describe how providers and patients/families might collaborate to create shared meaning of symptoms and challenges to coproduce appropriate approaches to care.
Traffic Sign Recognition Technology Based on BOW Model

According to several key technologies in automatic identification technology of traffic signs, this paper makes a detailed study. First of all, from traffic signs segmentation algorithm, a segmentation algorithm based on iterative segmentation and maximum variance between clusters of traffic signs is studied. Secondly, with feature extraction of traffic signs based on SIFT studied, the codebook is generated by these feature clustering and images are described by histograms using Bag of Words (BOW) model. Finally, multi-class classifier based on SVM is designed to classify traffic signs. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the BOW model classification algorithm based on the traffic sign images collected in the natural environment.
Comparative Carcinogenicity in Sprague-Dawley Rats of the Polychlorinated Biphenyl Mixtures Aroclors 1016, 1242, 1254, and 1260

Abstract A comprehensive chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity study was conducted on a series of Aroclors (1016, 1242, 1254, and 1260). Each Aroclor was assessed at multiple dietary concentrations, ranging from 25 to 200 ppm, for 24 months in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Liver toxicity was indicated by elevated serum enzyme activity (AST, ALT, and GGT), elevated serum cholesterol concentration, decreases in hematologic parameters (RBC, Hb, and Hct), hepatocellular hypertrophy, an increased incidence of altered hepatocellular foci, and an increased incidence of hepatocellular neoplasms (primarily adenomas). Liver toxicity was distinctly more severe in females than in males. The incidence of hepatocellular neoplasms was highly sex-dependent (females > males), differed between Aroclor mixtures and, for females, increased with dose and followed the general incidence pattern of Aroclor 1254 > Aroclor 1260 ≈ Aroclor 1242 > Aroclor 1016. A significant response (p < 0.05) in males was seen only for the high dose of Aroclor 1260. A small increase in the incidence of thyroid gland follicular cell adenomas was noted in males for Aroclors 1242, 1254, and 1260, with the incidence being uniform across dose groups and Aroclor mixtures. For females, increased survival relative to controls was observed for all Aroclor treatment groups. A significantly decreased trend in the incidence of mammary gland neoplasms compared to control was also noted for females receiving Aroclors 1242, 1254, and 1260.
The Spider-man Behavior Protocol: Exploring Both Public and Dark Social Networks for Fake Identity Detection in Terrorism Informatics

Hiding true personality behind a facade is one of the basic tricks adopted by humans who live double lives for illegal purposes. In particular terrorists have historically adopted the protocol of a facade behaviour coupled with a second life consisting mainly in illegal activities and their planning. Nowadays a few cases of behaviours that hide a dangerous activity, possibly illegal, behind an apparentely neutral and mean public person, can be replicated, and sometimes just provided, by a social network profile. Recognizing that a social network profile is fake, in some extreme cases, a bot, and determining the contour relationships that limit such a condition is one of the most important weapons for terrorism fight. In this paper we show that what we name the Spider-man protocol, a set of behaviour rules that bring to hiding a personality behind a facade, has several weaknesses, and it is prone to a set of attacks that permit to detect these behaviours. We provide the description of an experimental architecture that is used for determining violations of the protocol, and therefore breaches in the secrecy of the individual protection settled by the terrorists.
High VEGF with Rapid Growth and Early Metastasis in a Mouse Osteosarcoma Model

A murine model of osteosarcoma was developed to investigate the association between the expression of VEGF and the progression of osteosarcoma. Two human osteosarcoma cell lines with distinct VEGF expressions were introduced into proximal tibiae of immuno-deficient SCID mice, either by direct injection through the cortical bone or surgical exposing and drilling on the tibial metaphysis to seed tumor cells. Bone tumors were obvious on microCT within 4 weeks following osteosarcoma cell inoculation through surgical delivery. In contrast, direct injection without drilling often resulted in periosteal tumors. Although neoplasms were developed regardless of VEGF levels, orthotopic tumors derived from high VEGF-expressing cells were detected 2 weeks earlier on CT images than the ones from VEGF negative cells. At sacrifice, high VEGF tumors were distinctively larger in size and more frequently invaded the adjacent bone tissue. Multiple metastatic lesions were found in all the lung tissues at 8 weeks from high VEGF group, whereas only 1 of 7 VEGF negative tumors exhibited pulmonary metastasis. Overall, this model developed with the surgical tumor cell delivery results in histological and radiographic features more consistent with primary osteosarcoma. Interestingly, VEGF expression correlates with the early establishment, rapid tumor growth, and the development of pulmonary metastasis.