Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critically classifying: UK e‐government website benchmarking and the recasting of the citizen as customer

In recent years, discussion of the provision of government services has paid particular attention to notions of customer choice and improved service delivery. However, there appears to be marked shift in the relationship between the citizen and the state moving from government being responsive to the needs of citizens to viewing citizens explicitly as customers. This paper argues that this change is being accelerated by government use of techniques like benchmarking, which have been widely used in the private sector. To illustrate this point, the paper focuses on the adoption of website benchmarking techniques by the public sector. The paper argues that the essence of these benchmarking technologies, a process comprised of both finding and producing truth, is fundamentally based on the act of classifying and draws on Martin Heidegger's etymological enquiry to reinterpret classification as a dynamic movement towards order that both creates and obfuscates truth. In so doing, it demonstrates how Heidegger's seminal ideas can be adapted for critical social research by showing that technology is more than an instrument as it has epistemic implications for what counts as truth. This stance is used as the basis for understanding empirical work reporting on a UK government website benchmarking project. Our analysis identifies the means involved in producing the classifications inherent in such benchmarking projects and relates these to the more general move that is recasting the relationship between the citizen and the state, and increasingly blurring the boundaries between the state and the private sector. Recent developments in other attempts by the UK government to use private‐sector technologies and approaches indicate ways in which this move might be challenged.
Semantic Internet of Things

Semantic IoT Framework is a flexible data management and processing platform for any type of data, built on Semantic Data Platform (SDP). SDP is based on declarative fact oriented approach for modeling, that enables the models to be executable themselves. The declarative nature of data semantics enables defining or modifying of data models dynamically with new concepts, relationships or constraints without having to change any other parts of the systems. The Event Manager, Data Processing and Analytics engine forms the core part of the proposed semantic IoT framework, which enables consumers to listen to metadata and data changes, derive analytics and fire domain specific business rules or policies. Therefore, Semantic IoT approach provides great agility in defining, modifying and interpreting metadata. A simple home automation usecase is presented to demonstrate how a device can publish its metadata as semantic facts including business rules or policies as constraints as well as publish the data to semantic data service running on the cloud infrastructure. The future work presented includes extending the semantic approach to collaboratively evolve IoT data model standard among device vendors.
Significance of a Fragmented QRS Complex Versus a Q Wave in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Background— Q waves on a 12-lead ECG are markers of a prior myocardial infarction (MI). However, they may regress or even disappear over time, and there is no specific ECG sign of a non–Q-wave MI. Fragmented QRS complexes (fQRSs), which include various RSR′ patterns, without a typical bundle-branch block are markers of altered ventricular depolarization owing to a prior myocardial scar. We postulated that the presence of an fQRS might improve the ability to detect a prior MI compared with Q waves alone by ECG. Methods and Results— A cohort of 479 consecutive patients (mean±SD age, 58.2±13.2 years; 283 males) who were referred for nuclear stress tests was studied. The fQRS included various morphologies of the QRS (<120 ms), which included an additional R wave (R′) or notching in the nadir of the S wave, or >1 R′ (fragmentation) in 2 contiguous leads, corresponding to a major coronary artery territory. The Q wave was present in 71 (14.8%) patients, an fQRS was present in 191 (34.9%) patients, and an fQRS and/or a Q wave was present in 203 (42.3%) patients. Sensitivity, specificity, and the negative predictive value for myocardial scar as detected by single photon emission computed tomography analysis were 36.3%, 99.2%, and 70.8%, respectively, for the Q wave alone; 85.6%, 89%, and 92.7%, respectively, for the fQRS; and 91.4%, 89%, and 94.2%, respectively, for the Q wave and/or fQRS. Conclusions— The fQRS on a 12-lead ECG is a marker of a prior MI, defined by regional perfusion abnormalities, which has a substantially higher sensitivity and negative predictive value compared with the Q wave.
Collective search on rugged landscapes: A cross-environmental analysis

In groups and organizations, agents use both individual and social learning to solve problems. The balance between these two activities can lead collectives to very different levels of performance. We model collective search as a combination of simple learning strategies to conduct the first large-scale comparative study, across fifteen challenging environments and two different network structures. In line with previous findings in the social learning literature, collectives using a hybrid of individual and social learning perform much better than specialists using only one or the other. Importantly, we find that collective performance varies considerably across different task environments, and that different types of network structures can be superior, depending on the environment. These results suggest that recent contradictions in the social learning literature may be due to methodological differences between two separate research traditions, studying disjoint sets of environments that lead to divergent findings.
Management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a critical review of the 2007 ACC/AHA guidelines

Background: In 2007, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) published new guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with unstable angina/non‐ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI). These guidelines include some important updates on the use of clopidogrel, fondaparinux, bivalirudin and low‐molecular‐weight heparins (LMWHs) all of which have published landmark clinical trials in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) since the publication of the 2002 guidelines. While these 2007 guidelines are more comprehensive and up‐to‐date compared with the recommendations published in 2002, they also raise many questions for practising emergency physicians and cardiologists.
Critical review on the benefits of C- and E-Core flux-switching-PM-machines

There are many publications that emphasize the advantages of C- and E-Core Flux-Switching-PM-Machines, which apply less magnet material than the conventional Flux-Switching-PM-Machine. However, most researches only focus on low-power applications beneath 1 kW. This paper investigates the performance of Flux-Switching-PM-Machines in a speed range between 1000 min−1 and 3000 min−1 at a 300 W and at a 45 kW level with different percentages of magnet masses per motor active mass. It reveals that C- and E-Core machines only are advantageous, if these machines use a magnet mass similar to conventional Flux-Switching-Machines with competitive magnet masses. At a 45 kW power level equipped with a magnet mass which is competitive to a highly-utilized PMSM the C- and E-Core topology is not appropriate. In addition, the inherent problems of the C- and E-Core concepts such as lower overload capability, poor power factor and high unbalanced magnetic force in the air-gap are big disadvantages of these machines.
A mechanism to support efficient soft handover in heterogeneous wireless networks

Next-generation wireless networks should be able to coordinate and integrate different communication systems. It has been a challenging problem to support a seamless handover in these diverse wireless network environments. The design of an All-IP wireless network requires an efficient and flexible handover management. In this paper we propose an efficient mechanism to support soft-handover management over heterogeneous wireless networks. The proposed mechanism exploits IPv6 protocols futures and coexists with MIPv6. It can provide data transmission continuity for delayed constrained applications and allow efficient micro mobility management.
Evaluating and optimizing the parameters of an unsupervised graph-based WSD algorithm

Veronis (2004) has recently proposed an innovative unsupervised algorithm for word sense disambiguation based on small-world graphs called HyperLex. This paper explores two sides of the algorithm. First, we extend Veronis' work by optimizing the free parameters (on a set of words which is different to the target set). Second, given that the empirical comparison among unsupervised systems (and with respect to supervised systems) is seldom made, we used hand-tagged corpora to map the induced senses to a standard lexicon (WordNet) and a publicly available gold standard (Senseval 3 English Lexical Sample). Our results for nouns show that thanks to the optimization of parameters and the mapping method, HyperLex obtains results close to supervised systems using the same kind of bag-of-words features. Given the information loss inherent in any mapping step and the fact that the parameters were tuned for another set of words, these are very interesting results.
Frequency of and rationales for the combined use of electroconvulsive therapy and antiepileptic drugs in Austria and the literature

Our aim was to observe the frequency of combination therapy using antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in Austria and the literature, and to provide rationales and recommendations based on clinical and molecular properties. The responsible ECT leaders of eight Austrian departments were contacted for information about combination therapy. A computerized PubMed database search was performed and supplemented by cross-referencing from papers, review articles and psychiatric manuals. The frequency of combination therapy in Austrian departments ranges between 0 and 85.7%. In 17 studies enrolling a total of 189 patients, 87 (46.0%) patients received combination therapy. Of these 87 patients, nine (10.3%) reported adverse effects. ECT and AEDs show overlapping clinical and molecular properties. Combination therapy is an observed reality and, according to the currently available literature, feasible. A comparison of clinical and molecular properties indicates possible augmentative effects, making combination therapy a promising alternative in treatment-resistant cases. But there is still a clear need for prospective case controlled data concerning side effects, safety profiles and effectiveness until it can be recommended.
Educational Outcomes of Children Adopted From Eastern Europe, Now Ages 8–12

Abstract More than 230,000 children have been adopted from other countries by American parents since 1989, including more than 72,000 from Eastern Europe. Many arrive with growth and developmental delays, and medical problems. Yet, little is known about the long-term outcomes for these children. Therefore, we assessed long-term developmental, neurobehavioral, and educational performance outcomes in a group of adopted 8- to 12-year-old children from Eastern Europe. A parent questionnaire was mailed to families of school-age Eastern European adopted children who had been in the United States for two years or more. Of the 81 children (33M: 48F) described in the returned surveys, 84 percent were 3 years old or older at adoption. Sixty-one percent of the children received special education services, and 32 percent received occupational therapy. Fifty-two percent had language disorders, 38 percent had attentional problems, and 36 percent had learning disabilities. Thirty-five percent had multiple neurodevelopmental diagnoses. Thirty-two percent of the children had post-traumatic stress disorder; these children were older at adoption than those without this problem (p = 0.04). Anxiety and depression each occurred in 19 percent of children; 66 percent of those with depression also had anxiety (p = 0.0001). Most children attended school willingly (70 percent), had a best friend (63 percent), and got along with their parents (75 percent). Although nearly two-thirds of the internationally adopted children received special education services and 35 percent had multiple neurodevelopmental disorders, most children displayed remarkable social, peer, and family integration skills.
Enzyme classification using reactive motifs

Reactive motifs are short conserved sub–sequences discovered from functional sites of enzyme sequences, and can be used as an effective representation of enzyme sequences. However, the lack of site information leads to low–coverage reactive motifs. With the use of background knowledge, a motif generalisation method is required to increase reactive motifs' coverage. We show that a fuzzy concept lattice (FCL) provides an efficient representation of both single–value and multi–value biological background knowledge and an efficient computational support for generalising reactive motifs. Compared to statistical and expert–based motifs, we show that the generalised reactive motifs using FCL with SVM classifier produce satisfactory accuracy in classifying new enzymes. Further, they improve interpretability of the classification results and provide more biological evidences to biologists. All of the generalised reactive motifs are relevant to the functional sites, and the way they are combined to perform protein function is useful for numerous applications in bioinformatics.
A kinetic study of the isozymes determined by the three human phosphoglucomutase loci PGM1, PGM2, and PGM3.

The isozyme products (PGM1, PGM2 and PGM3) of the three human phosphoglucomutase genes (PGM1, PGM2 and PGM3) were separated and compared as phosphoglucomutases, phosphoribomutases and glucose 1,6-bisphosphatases. The Km values for glucose 1-phosphate (Glc-1-P) were estimated at various glucose 1,6-bisphosphate concentrations. When the glucose 1,6-bisphosphate concentration was less than 10 μM, PGM1 was seen to be much more effective at catalysing the phosphoglucomutase reaction than either PGM2 or PGM3. The effect of the coenzyme (glucose 1,6-bisphosphate) concentration was studied and was found to affect the Km for Glc-1-P of PGM2. As the glucose 1,6-bisphosphate concentration was increased the Km decreased; this effect was particularly noticeable over the concentration range 100 μM to 400 μM where a small alteration in glucose 1,6-bisphosphate concentration produced a marked fall in the value of the Km for Glc-1-P of PGM2. The concentration of glucose 1,6-bisphosphate in a range of human tissues was estimated and was found to be within the range 10 μM to 600 μM in most tissues. PGM2 was found to be more effective at catalysing the phosphoribomutase reaction than PGM1. The Km for ribose 1-phosphate for neither the PGM1, nor the PGM2 isoenzymes was affected by the concentration of glucose 1,6-bisphosphate. The possibility of glucose 1,6-bisphosphate acting on PGM2 and thereby directing whether it functions as a phosphoribomutase or a phosphoglucomutase has been discussed. Ribose 1-phosphate inhibited the phosphoglucomutase activity of the products of all three loci. The ribose 1-phosphate appeared, from Dixon plots, to be competing with glucose 1-phosphate. The effect of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate on the phosphoglucomutase activity of the PGM1 and PGM2 isozymes was examined; this compound was found to inhibit by competing with glucose 1,6-bisphosphate in both cases. The ability of the isoenzymes of all three genes to catalyse a glucose 1,6-bisphosphatase reaction has been reported. The Km values for glucose 1,6-bisphosphate for this reaction were estimated as being of the order of 1000 μM.
Coexistence of light and heavy carriers associated with superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in CeNi0.8Bi2 with a Bi square net.

We found that the ZrCuSiAs-type crystal CeNi(0.8)Bi(2) with a layered structure composed of alternate stacking of [CeNi(x)Bi(1)](δ+) and Bi(2)(δ-) exhibits a superconductive transition at ∼4 K. The conductivities, magnetic susceptibilities, and heat capacities measurements indicate the presence of two types of carriers with notable different masses, i.e., a light electron responsible for superconductivity and a heavy electron interacting with the Ce 4f electron. This observation suggests that 6p electrons of Bi(2) forming the square net and electrons in CeNi(x)Bi(1) layers primarily correspond to the light and heavy electrons, respectively.
Arcobacter pacificus sp. nov., isolated from seawater of the South Pacific Gyre.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, slightly curved, non-spore-forming strain, designated SW028T, was isolated from surface seawater (26° 29' S 137° 56' W) of the South Pacific Gyre during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 329. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain SW028T belonged to the genus Arcobacter and it showed the highest sequence similarity with Arcobacter molluscorum LMG 25693T (95.50 %). The dominant fatty acids of strain SW028T were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0. The only respiratory quinone detected was menaquinone-6. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified phospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 27.1 mol%. The phylogenetic position of the novel strain was further confirmed by analysis of the housekeeping genes rpoB, gyrB and atpA. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain SW028T represents a novel species of the genus Arcobacter, for which the name Arcobacter pacificus is proposed. The type strain is SW028T ( = DSM 25018T = JCM 17857T = LMG 26638T = CGMCC NO.1.11011T).
Treatment with Tumor-Treating Fields Therapy and Pulse Dose Bevacizumab in Patients with Bevacizumab-Refractory Recurrent Glioblastoma: A Case Series

Patients with bevacizumab-refractory recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have a poor prognosis. We propose that instead of continuing on bevacizumab, patients should switch to treatment with Optune™, a novel antimitotic Tumor-Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy approved in the United States for newly diagnosed and recurrent GBM. This would reserve bevacizumab for subsequent disease progression. In this case series, we describe 8 patients with recurrent GBM who had disease progression on bevacizumab, discontinued bevacizumab treatment, and were treated with TTFields therapy alone. After subsequent radiographic or clinical progression, 5 patients were rechallenged with bevacizumab in a ‘pulse dose' fashion, an approach not previously described. Following treatment with TTFields therapy, median overall survival (OS) was 216 days (7.2 months). Median OS from last dose of initial bevacizumab was 237 days (7.9 months), twice that of historical controls for bevacizumab failures, and median OS from the first dose of bevacizumab rechallenge was 172 days (5.7 months). TTFields therapy was well tolerated, with a mean adherence rate of 74.2% (range, 48.2-92.9%). These results support the use of TTFields therapy with pulse dose bevacizumab as an option in patients with refractory GBM.
Mesp2 and Tbx6 cooperatively create periodic patterns coupled with the clock machinery during mouse somitogenesis

The metameric structures in vertebrates are based on the periodicity of the somites that are formed one by one from the anterior end of the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). The timing and spacing of somitogenesis are regulated by the segmentation clock, which is characterized by the oscillation of several signaling pathways in mice. The temporal information needs to be translated into a spatial pattern in the so-called determination front, at which cells become responsive to the clock signal. The transcription factor Mesp2 plays a crucial role in this process, regulating segmental border formation and rostro-caudal patterning. However, the mechanisms regulating the spatially restricted and periodic expression of Mesp2 have remained elusive. Using high-resolution fluorescent in situ hybridization in conjunction with immunohistochemical analyses, we have found a clear link between Mesp2 transcription and the periodic waves of Notch activity. We also find that Mesp2 transcription is spatially defined by Tbx6: Mesp2 transcription and Tbx6 protein initially share an identical anterior border in the PSM, but once translated, Mesp2 protein leads to the suppression of Tbx6 protein expression post-translationally via rapid degradation mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. This reciprocal regulation is the spatial mechanism that successively defines the position of the next anterior border of Mesp2. We further show that FGF signaling provides a spatial cue to position the expression domain of Mesp2. Taken together, we conclude that Mesp2 is the final output signal by which the temporal information from the segmentation clock is translated into segmental patterning during mouse somitogenesis.
Joint Angular- and Delay-Domain MIMO Propagation Parameter Estimation Using Approximate ML Method

In this paper, we derive an estimation method that jointly estimates the parameters of the concentrated propagation paths and the distributed scattering component that are frequently observed in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel sounding measurements. The joint angular-delay domain model leads to a correlation matrix with high dimensionality, which makes direct implementation of a maximum-likelihood (ML) estimator unfeasible. We derive low-complexity methods for computing approximate ML estimates that exploit the structure of the covariance matrices. We propose an iterative two-step procedure that alternates between the estimation of the parameters of the concentrated propagation paths and the parameters of the distributed scattering. For the distributed scattering, the estimator first optimizes the parameters describing their time-delay structure. Then, using the estimated time-delay parameters, the parameters of the angular distributions are optimized. We present simulation results and compare the estimated time-delay and angular distributions to the actual distributions, demonstrating that high-quality estimates are obtained. The large sample performance of the estimator is studied by establishing the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and comparing it to the variances of the estimates. The simulations show that the variance of the proposed estimation technique reaches the CRLB for relatively small sample size for most parameters, and no bias is observed.
‘I have got my life back’: users' experience of direct payments

After years of activism by disabled people's organizations, the Community Care (Direct Payments) Act 1996 made Direct Payment (DP) schemes a reality. Proponents of DP argue that it allows greater freedom and control for those people using it, but as these programmes only came into effect in 1997, few studies have tried to substantiate these claims. This paper reports on a two‐year evaluation of two DP schemes in Wales. Using primarily users' feedback the paper focuses on the effects of DP and difficulties encountered, as well as why people chose—or did not choose—DP in the first place. User responses indicate a broad range of beneficial outcomes, including improved self‐esteem, increased control over lives, deeper and more lasting relationships, and new interpersonal, vocational and lifestyle opportunities, as a result of the greater flexibility and freedom of choice enabled by DP. Family carers expressed similar satisfaction with DP schemes, also citing greater freedoms as a result of increased flexibility. While some potential users expressed concern over the administration of a DP scheme, users found that, with support from a user driven Independent Living Scheme, the administrative burden was manageable, and that ultimately the DP scheme was a welcome approach to support.