Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dejay : Concepts for a Distributed

In the development of distributed programs two diierent concepts have to be considered , each being quite complex even on its own: concurrency and distribution. Both are supported by Java, yet are treated with completely diierent mechanisms, although similar problems like synchronization and communication need to be addressed. This paper presents Dejay, a programming language based on Java that uniies concurrency and distribution into the single mechanism of virtual processors. This allows a considerable simpliication for the development of distributed or concurrent programs and makes the transition from a local to a distributed environment seamless.
On Supporting the Data Warehouse Design by Data Mining Techniques

Integration of data warehousing and data mining by applying the latter as a front end technology to the former is a known approach. Nevertheless, the data warehouse design process can also be seen as an area of application for data mining techniques. In this paper, we compile the requirements of the data warehouse design process concerning data source analysis, structural integration of data sources, data cleansing, data modeling, and physical data warehouse design. Based on this, we demonstrate how currently existing data mining techniques can support these phases and identify directions for future research. The paper contains a collection of ideas that can serve as a basis for systematic practical and research work in this promising field. 1 Part of this work was supported by DaimlerChrysler AG, Research & Technology.
Agent based Connectivity Detection and Routing in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

The proposed scheme uses an agent-based model to address the aspect of connectivity detection and routing in mobile ad-hoc wireless network environment. Three kinds of agents are used in the model: manager agent (MA), monitoring agent (MOA), and discovery-routing agents (DRA). MOAs of a node in a network are employed to monitor resources (such as transmit power, battery life, bandwidth, reliability, one-hop delay), whereas DRAs discover the links between the mobile nodes, perform routing information fusion and build pre-computed paths so that mobile users can communicate with each other based on the requirements (power/bandwidth/reliability/bandwidth-delay aware) of the network users. MA manages the activities of the discovery and routing agency. The model ensures network connectivity even under the conditions of uncontrolled mobility of nodes. Model has been simulated to test its operation effectiveness. It is observed that agent based approach supports component based software engineering features and facilitates flexible and adaptable discovery and routing information fusion services
Churn Resilience of P2P System Suitable for Private Live-streaming Distribution

With the appearance of various live-streaming distribution services, the demand for private distribution service is increasing. The content in this service is provided by an individual user, and therefore the distributor’s bandwidth is narrow compared to that of traditional streaming service. One of effective ways for reducing transmission load of distributor is to adopt P2P technology. The P2P live-streaming distribution services actually become popular. We have proposed P2P live streaming system which performs high performance in private distribution. However, the system has not been well considered about the performance degradation when nodes leave. This paper presents and evaluates churn resilience of P2P live-streaming system suitable for private distribution. In this paper, we focus on the maintenance of important nodes which affects the performance of distribution critically. Specifically, when important nodes leave from the system, we promote a high performance node to a new important node. When a higher-performance node newly joins into the system, the important node with lowest performance is replaced with that node. Simulation results show that the resilience for churn provided by our system is comparable to previous systems based on Cool streaming.
Adipocyte ALK7 links nutrient overload to catecholamine resistance in obesity

Obesity is associated with blunted β-adrenoreceptor (β-AR)-mediated lipolysis and lipid oxidation in adipose tissue, but the mechanisms linking nutrient overload to catecholamine resistance are poorly understood. We report that targeted disruption of TGF-β superfamily receptor ALK7 alleviates diet-induced catecholamine resistance in adipose tissue, thereby reducing obesity in mice. Global and fat-specific Alk7 knock-out enhanced adipose β-AR expression, β-adrenergic signaling, mitochondrial biogenesis, lipid oxidation, and lipolysis under a high fat diet, leading to elevated energy expenditure, decreased fat mass, and resistance to diet-induced obesity. Conversely, activation of ALK7 reduced β-AR-mediated signaling and lipolysis cell-autonomously in both mouse and human adipocytes. Acute inhibition of ALK7 in adult mice by a chemical-genetic approach reduced diet-induced weight gain, fat accumulation, and adipocyte size, and enhanced adipocyte lipolysis and β-adrenergic signaling. We propose that ALK7 signaling contributes to diet-induced catecholamine resistance in adipose tissue, and suggest that ALK7 inhibitors may have therapeutic value in human obesity. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.03245. 001
On the Weakenesses of Correlation Measures used for Search Engines' Results (Unsupervised Comparison of Search Engine Rankings)

The correlation of the result lists provided by search engines is fundamental and it has deep and multidisciplinary ramifications. Here, we present automatic and unsupervised methods to assess whether or not search engines provide results that are comparable or correlated. We have two main contributions: First, we provide evidence that for more than 80% of the input queries - independently of their frequency - the two major search engines share only three or fewer URLs in their search results, leading to an increasing divergence. In this scenario (divergence), we show that even the most robust measures based on comparing lists is useless to apply; that is, the small contribution by too few common items will infer no confidence. Second, to overcome this problem, we propose the fist content-based measures - i.e., direct comparison of the contents from search results; these measures are based on the Jaccard ratio and distribution similarity measures (CDF measures). We show that they are orthogonal to each other (i.e., Jaccard and distribution) and extend the discriminative power w.r. t. list based measures. Our approach stems from the real need of comparing search-engine results, it is automatic from the query selection to the final evaluation and it apply to any geographical markets, thus designed to scale and to use as first filtering of query selection (necessary) for supervised methods.
Comprehensive review on Maximum Power Point Tracking techniques: Wind Energy

Availability of renewable energy resources and their best utilization has now become most preferred research area among power and energy engineers. Due to the most promising features in terms of reliability and efficiency, wind energy can be kept in best corner among all green energy resources which are now being utilized for fulfilling electrical needs. The only negative point that degrades the performance of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) in terms of maximum utilization of available power is high variation in wind-velocity (ranging from 3 m/s to 15 m/s and above). Wind energy system has been widely researched so as to extract maximum active power at all possible wind speeds with least detrimental effects on overall performance of plant/system. Here sequential review on Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques is presented. Direct to concept approach is used to describe each method in a way that must be very useful for the beginners in this area. Proper comparison table and charts are used to summarize the work which makes readers more connected to the content. Criteria selected here for comparing different MPPT methods are efficiency, reliability, accuracy, ease in implementation, tracking speed and cost.
The importance of meat, particularly salmon, to body size, population productivity, and conservation of North American brown bears

We hypothesized that the relative availability of meat, indicated by contribution to the diet, would be positively related to body size and population productivity of North American brown, or grizzly, bears (Ursus arctos). Dietary contributions of plant matter and meat derived from both terrestrial and marine sources were quantified by stable-isotope analysis (δ13C and δ15N) of hair samples from 13 brown bear populations. Estimates of adult female body mass, mean litter size, and population density were obtained from two field studies of ours and from other published reports. The populations ranged from largely vegetarian to largely carnivorous, and food resources ranged from mostly terrestrial to mostly marine (salmon, Oncorhynchus spp.). The proportion of meat in the diet was significantly correlated with mean adult female body mass (r = 0.87, P < 0.01), mean litter size (r = 0.72, P < 0.01), and mean population density (r = 0.91, P < 0.01). Salmon was the most important source of meat for the largest, .
Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy Relies on T-bet but Not Eomes to Induce Effector Function in Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells

Berrien-Elliott and colleagues report that combination checkpoint blockade induced expression of T-bet and Eomes but only T-bet was required to restore CD8+ antitumor effector function, leading to a >95% cure rate in leukemia-bearing mice given this immunotherapy regimen. Coinhibitory receptor blockade is a promising strategy to boost T-cell immunity against a variety of human cancers. However, many patients still do not benefit from this treatment, and responders often experience immune-related toxicities. These issues highlight the need for advanced mechanistic understanding to improve patient outcomes and uncover clinically relevant biomarkers of treatment efficacy. However, the T-cell–intrinsic signaling pathways engaged during checkpoint blockade treatment are not well defined, particularly for combination approaches. Using a murine model to study how effector CD8+ T-cell responses to tumors may be enhanced in a tolerizing environment, we identified a critical role for the T-box transcription factor T-bet. Combination blockade of CTLA-4, PD-1, and LAG-3 induced T-bet expression in responding tumor/self-reactive CD8+ T cells. Eradication of established leukemia using this immunotherapy regimen depended on T-bet induction, which was required for IFNγ production and cytotoxicity by tumor-infiltrating T cells, and for efficient trafficking to disseminated tumor sites. These data provide new insight into the success of checkpoint blockade for cancer immunotherapy, revealing T-bet as a key transcriptional regulator of tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cell effector differentiation under otherwise tolerizing conditions. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(2); 116–24. ©2014 AACR.
Dielectric (p,q) Strings in a Throat

We calculate the (p,q) string spectrum in a warped deformed conifold using the dielectric brane method. The spectrum is shown to have the same functional form as in the dual picture of a wrapped D3-brane with electric and magnetic fluxes on its world volume. The agreement is exact in the limit where q is large. We also calculate the dielectric spectrum in the S-dual picture. The spectrum in the S-dual picture has the same form as in the original picture but it is not exactly S-dual invariant due to an interchange of Casimirs of the non-Abelian gauge symmetries. We argue that in order to restore S-duality invariance the non-Abelian brane action should be refined, probably by a better prescription for the non-Abelian trace operation.
Trace Expressiveness of Timed and Probabilistic Automata

Automata expressiveness is an essential feature in understanding which of the formalisms available should be chosen for modelling a particular problem. Probabilistic and stochastic automata are suitable for modelling systems exhibiting probabilistic behavior and their expressiveness has been studied relative to non-probabilistic transition systems and Markov chains. In this paper, we consider previous formalisms of Timed, Probabilistic and Stochastic Timed Automata, we present our new model of Timed Automata with Polynomial Delay, we introduce a measure of expressiveness for automata we call trace expressiveness and we characterize the expressiveness of these models relative to each other under this new measure.
Adaptive state disturbance observer design for nonlinear system with unknown Lipschitz constant

This paper addresses the problem of state and disturbance estimation for Lipschitz nonlinear system with disturbance. The disturbance is generated by an exogenous system with additional unmodeled disturbance. Adaptive state observer and disturbance observer, including a H∞ performance level and a regional pole constraint, are designed, simultaneously. Compared with the existing results, Lipschitz constant does not appear in the observers, which means that our method can deal with the case that the Lipschitz constant is big or unknown. At the end of the paper, the simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Ball juggling with an under-actuated flying robot

This paper presents a trajectory tracking control strategy based on the subspace stabilization approach to accurately manipulate an under-actuated flying robot from a known initial state to the desired terminal state. To facilitate the development of this tracking strategy, the dynamical model of the quadrotor is firstly proposed. Subsequently, an optimal trajectory generation algorithm is adopted to generate dynamically consistent trajectories regarding the initial and terminal state constraints in specific missions. Then, a trajectory tracking control strategy based on the subspace stabilization approach is developed considering the lumped disturbances and time delays. The developed control strategy is applied for ball juggling of a highly under-actuated quadrotor, which is a popular flying robot in recent years. Real-time experimental results show that the quadrotor can be accurately manipulated from a known initial state to the desired terminal state within a given time horizon. In the consecutive juggling tasks, the quadrotor with a racket of radius 0.065 m can consecutively juggle the ball for averagely 4 hits in each rally, and a longest rally achieved by the developed control strategy is 14 hits. The feasibility of the developed control strategy is also preliminarily verified through the cooperative juggling between two quadrotors. All of these results demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed control strategy.
A ug 2 00 6 3-coloring and other elementary invariants of knots 1

Classical knot theory studies the position of a circle (knot) or of several circles (link) in R3 or S3 = R3 ∪∞. The fundamental problem of classical knot theory is the classification of links (including knots) up to the natural movement in space which is called an ambient isotopy. To distinguish knots or links we look for invariants of links, that is, properties of links which are unchanged under ambient isotopy. When we look for invariants of links we have to take into account the following three criteria:
Lhc Machine, Rd49 Project and Radiation Environments 1.1 Lhc and Rd49

The LHC 1 is supposed to come into operation in 2006; the machine will allow the study of 7+7 TeV collisions between protons or heavy ions. The major goal of this research is the search for the Higgs boson, the key-element of the Standard Model. The step from the present LEP 2 to LHC is a great engineering challenge if we consider that from LEP-II 115 GeV we will reach energies ten times bigger. Moreover the collision cross section is roughly proportional to the squared De Broglie wavelength of the particle, and the wavelength goes inversely with the energy; so in order to get more or less the same number of collisions per unit time as in LEP, the LHC luminosity must increase like the square energy (i.e. one hundred times: the LEP one is 10 32 cm-2 s-1 , while the LHC one will be 10 34 cm-2 s-1). This implies a very large beam current (about 500 mA) if compared to the LEP one (about 10 mA). These extreme operational conditions make the LHC radiation environment far worst than the LEP one. The need for a more robust electronics for control, tracking and data acquisition has been then early understood. This need led to the proposal and the successive approval of the RD49 project (" Study of the Radiation Tolerance of ICs for LHC "). The project RD49 was approved in March 1997 with the following objectives: 1) development of radiation tolerant devices for LHC experiments; 2) selection and study ofCommercial Off The Shelf components (COTS) to be used in the machine. The inner detectors and the trackers will work in a very hard radiation environment, so for these devices special design techniques have to be used and a one-by-one test has to be done during selection. On the other side devices for outer detectors and the cavern will work in a softer radiation environment, so COTS components can be used for this purpose. Now the point is to select between the commercial components those suitable for LHC applications. One of the aims of RD49 is to choose these components, after the definition of suitable qualification protocols. Given that a full list of COTS is already used by several Space agencies, the first step in this selection has been to compare the LHC environment with the Space one. If they are similar then it is possible to use …
Investigational Insight On Gaussian And Gaussian-Halo Doped Double Gate Mosfets

The performance based analysis for typical Gaussian and Gaussian-Halo Doped Double Gate MOSFETs in conjunction with Normal Doped DG MOSFETs, for which different parameters such as Oxide Thickness, Ambient Temperature, Gate Material Work Function and Substrate Doping Concentration is varied. This analysis has been carried out using a TCAD Lab simulation. From the results obtained, it will be quite clear that the sub-threshold leakage current of the Gaussian and Gaussian-Halo Doped Double Gate Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET is relatively lesser. Furthermore the results have been plotted with different Drain voltage values to enhance the understanding of the physics behind various Doping Profiles in Double Gate MOSFET. Finally the results has been obtained, analysed and compared. The Possession of higher Drain current Performance is very acceptable through the rigorous analysis using a TCAD Lab.
Audio object individual operation and its application to earphone leakage noise reduction

In this paper, we propose a new extension framework of multichannel audio coding based on temporal quantization of spatial information. In our previous study, multiple-audio-object signal can be encoded/decoded via prototypes of directional clustering for each audio object. This paper, first, pays attention to the fact that quantized information corresponds to the spatial image of each sound object, and is easily modified and operated by the end users. Next, as a novel application of the spatial image operation, we propose a new earphone leakage noise reduction method in which the mostly leaked sound object can be detected automatically based on the higher-order statistics, and eliminated. The effectiveness of the proposed CODEC is verified in the subjective evaluation, and leakage noise reduction method is assessed in the objective evaluation.
Effective Neural Network Ensemble Approach for Improving Generalization Performance

This paper, with an aim at improving neural networks' generalization performance, proposes an effective neural network ensemble approach with two novel ideas. One is to apply neural networks' output sensitivity as a measure to evaluate neural networks' output diversity at the inputs near training samples so as to be able to select diverse individuals from a pool of well-trained neural networks; the other is to employ a learning mechanism to assign complementary weights for the combination of the selected individuals. Experimental results show that the proposed approach could construct a neural network ensemble with better generalization performance than that of each individual in the ensemble combining with all the other individuals, and than that of the ensembles with simply averaged weights.
Strategic Drivers of Open Source Software Adoption in the Public Sector: Challenges and Opportunities

This paper draws upon the results of a qualitative study on the procurement and adoption of open source software by public sector organizations spanning Europe, Brazil and the USA. The premise of this work was to understand the role ‘cost’ or total cost of ownership of software plays in government procurement decisions. We found, however, that this was more a rhetoric to gain acceptance for open source and to achieve a level playing field. Interviews with key stakeholders from government agencies and system integrators led us to understand and organize our findings on open source adoption under four broad categories; economic concerns, technical and development features, risk management, and innovation and strategic issues. We conclude with a number of insights to help other public sector organizations make better procurement decisions for information technology.
Factorization with missing data for 3D structure recovery

Matrix factorization methods are now widely used to recover 3D structure from 2D projections [C. Tomasi and T. Kanade. International Journal of Computer Vision, 9(2), 1992] . In this practice, the observation matrix to be factored out has missing data, due to the limited field of view and the occlusion that occur in real video sequences. In opposition to the optimality of the SVD to factor out matrices without missing entries, the optimal solution for the missing data case is not known. In R.F. C. Guerreiro and P.M. Q. Aguiar [IEEE ICIP, New York, USA, September 2002] we introduced suboptimal algorithms that proved to be more efficient than previous approaches to the factorization of matrices with missing data. In this paper we make an experimental analysis of the algorithms of R.F. C. Guerreiro and P.M. Q. Aguiar [IEEE ICIP, New York, USA, September 2002] and demonstrate their performance in virtual reality and video compression applications. We conclude that these algorithms are adequate to the amount of missing entries that may occur when processing real videos; robust to the typical level of noise in practical applications; and computationally as simple as the factorization of matrices without missing entries.
What determines the impact of vocational qualifications: a literature review

This Research Brief provides results from a review of the literature on the impact of vocational qualifications (VQs) carried out between April and August, 2003. It addresses four key questions: what drives learner choice? ; what do we know about the nature and extent of the market for VQs? ; how do different delivery mechanisms impact on the effectiveness of VQs? ; and what does the literature tell us about the wider impact of VQs? The research team was not asked to consider economic rates of return to VQs for individuals as this topic was to be examined in a parallel study. The policy context for the literature review is England, though the findings would have relevance for Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland as they share many of the same VQs. The review provides an overview of the historical development of VQs in the UK in order to locate contemporary concerns about the nature and effectiveness of VQs within the broader historical and cultural evolution of the nation’s education and training system.