Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CONSENSUS ON GLOBAL GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES

Abstract: Is there a consensus on governance principles beyond national borders? There seems to be a converging trend towards widely accepted Global Governance Principles as expressed in the OECD Principles for example. This paper argues that formal and informal governance mechanisms should be integrated. The latter focuses on relationship-based enabling access to scarce resources – so typical in Asia - whereas the former emphasizes the control and monitoring function of boards as interpreted in the West. The Western legal interpretation of corporate governance merely implies fiduciary duties towards the shareholders. However, when this perception is expanded to acting with care in order to steer the corporation towards organizational value that embraces sustainability, governance will likely positively affect both shareholders and relevant stakeholders. Those global unifying governance principles may ultimately evolve into Global Corporate Citizenship, underpinned by spirited leadership and social entrepreneurship that induce trust in its leaders and confidence in functioning institutions. The notions of global governance and corporate citizenship are pointing in the direction of engaging, innovative and integrated business solutions that can start taking on and hopefully transforming our daunting global challenges.
Analysis of a Real Multi-hop Sensor Network Deployment: The Heathland Experiment

This paper reports on the results and experience gained during a real-world deployment of a sensor network based on the ESB platform in the heathlands of Northern Germany. The goal of the experiment was to gain a deeper insight into the problems of real deployments as opposed to simulated networks. The focus of the experiment was on the longand short-term reliability of radio links, estimation of link qualities, the influence of the link quality on multi-hop routing, and on neighborhood exploration.
Adapting RRT growth for heterogeneous environments

Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRTs) are effective for a wide range of applications ranging from kinodynamic planning to motion planning under uncertainty. However, RRTs are not as efficient when exploring heterogeneous environments and do not adapt to the space. For example, in difficult areas an expensive RRT growth method might be appropriate, while in open areas inexpensive growth methods should be chosen. In this paper, we present a novel algorithm, Adaptive RRT, that adapts RRT growth to the current exploration area using a two level growth selection mechanism. At the first level, we select groups of expansion methods according to the visibility of the node being expanded. Second, we use a cost-sensitive learning approach to select a sampler from the group of expansion methods chosen. Also, we propose a novel definition of visibility for RRT nodes which can be computed in an online manner and used by Adaptive RRT to select an appropriate expansion method. We present the algorithm and experimental analysis on a broad range of problems showing not only its adaptability, but efficiency gains achieved by adapting exploration methods appropriately.
Contextual Specificity in Peptide-Mediated Protein Interactions

Most biological processes are regulated through complex networks of transient protein interactions where a globular domain in one protein recognizes a linear peptide from another, creating a relatively small contact interface. Although sufficient to ensure binding, these linear motifs alone are usually too short to achieve the high specificity observed, and additional contacts are often encoded in the residues surrounding the motif (i.e. the context). Here, we systematically identified all instances of peptide-mediated protein interactions of known three-dimensional structure and used them to investigate the individual contribution of motif and context to the global binding energy. We found that, on average, the context is responsible for roughly 20% of the binding and plays a crucial role in determining interaction specificity, by either improving the affinity with the native partner or impeding non-native interactions. We also studied and quantified the topological and energetic variability of interaction interfaces, finding a much higher heterogeneity in the context residues than in the consensus binding motifs. Our analysis partially reveals the molecular mechanisms responsible for the dynamic nature of peptide-mediated interactions, and suggests a global evolutionary mechanism to maximise the binding specificity. Finally, we investigated the viability of non-native interactions and highlight cases of potential cross-reaction that might compensate for individual protein failure and establish backup circuits to increase the robustness of cell networks.
The Extended Transmission Power Consumption Model for Communication-Based Applications

In information systems, a client first selects a server in a cluster of servers and issues a request to the server. The request is performed as a process in the server. In this paper, we consider a communication process which mainly consumes communication resource. It is critical to discuss how to select a server for each request from clients in order to not only achieve performance objectives but also reduce the total power consumption of a system. In order to realize the server selection algorithm, it is necessary to make clear the power consumption model of a server to perform processes. The transmission power consumption (TPC) model of a server is proposed to perform transmission processes in our previous studies. In the TPC model, the electric power consumption of cooling devices is assumed to be constant. Cooling devices like fans consume the electric power in addition to other devices like CPU and memory in a server. The rotation speed of a fan is changed in servers according to the temperature of a server. Thus, the total power consumption of a server depends on not only computation and communication devices but also cooling devices. In this paper, we propose the extended transmission power consumption (ETPC) model to take into account the power consumption of cooling devices. We validate the ETPC model by measuring the power consumption and transmission time of a server.
Race, Gender, Age, and Disproportionate Impact: What Can We Do About the Failure to Protect the Most Vulnerable?

Hard economic times and social conditions are driving a reordering of environmental protection priorities that threatens to sacrifice the most vulnerable groups. Environmental regulatory agencies acknowledge that vulnerable populations face the greatest risk of harm from environmental insult and that these groups are not adequately protected. Although a risk-based prioritization of resources benefits the greatest number of people, such allocation would disadvantage minority communities, which contain disproportionate numbers of sensitive subgroups. Our regulatory bodies must therefore develop new strategies to adequately protect sensitive subgroups identified in minority communities. Part II of this Article looks at some of the considerations that influence the health protection priorities and resource allocations that environmental regulatory agencies make. Part III examines the importance of variation in susceptibility to environmental insult and how minorities, women, and the young are particularly affected. Part IV discusses the economic rationale and available mechanisms for protecting vulnerable subgroups.
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Restoration Project Final Report Investigation of Pacific Herring ( Clupea pallasii ) Stock Structure in Alaska Using Otolith Microchemistry and Heart Tissue Fatty Acid Composition Restoration Project 070769 Final Report

Understanding the structure of Alaska’s Pacific herring stocks is relevant to how these exploited populations should be assessed and managed. We evaluated the capability of heart tissue fatty acid profiles and otolith microchemistry to identify the stock of origin for herring sampled from fourteen spawning aggregations associated with seven putative herring stocks throughout Alaska (e.g., Sitka, Prince William Sound, Kamishak, Kodiak, Togiak, Kuskokwim Bay, and Dutch Harbor). Fatty acid profiles were determined by performing transesterification and fatty acid chromatography on purified lipids from whole hearts. Otolith microchemistries were measured (ppm) using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Across-year comparisons were made to evaluate the temporal stability of fatty acid biomarkers that successfully discriminated putative stocks at multiple spatial scales within-years. Cross-validation of discriminant functions and nMDS with ANOSIM revealed that considerable shifts in fatty acid composition occurred for most stocks across short (1 year) and long (4-5 year) time periods. Temporal shifts also made it difficult to identify stock of origin for a putative mixed-stock sample collected during winter. Otolith edge microchemistries were significantly different between some putative stocks at multiple spatial scales, but nMDS and ANOSIM suggested that this difference was infinitesimal. We used heart tissue fatty acid profiles to discriminate Alaskan herring stocks at relatively fine spatial scales when we built models from data collected within the same annual spawning period, but we were unsuccessful discriminating unknown samples (e.g., from mixed stock fisheries) collected outside the spawning period, or in other years.
The Effects of Perceived Organizational Support and Job Efficacy on Social Workers’ Job Performance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social workers’ perceived organizational support and job efficacy on their job performance. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to control the influence of social workers' personal characteristics on job performance and to identify the impact of organizational support. Model 1 included gender, and one of different variables was added to the specified Models. Employment type (regular/irregular worker) was added to Model 2, job efficacy to Model 3; and organizational support to Model 4. Model 1 had no statistical significance and Models 2, 3, and 4 showed statistically significant results. Model 2 showed that job performance of regular employees was higher than that of irregular workers, although the explanatory power was not high. In Model 3, job efficacy was found to have a statistically significant effect (△R2 = .469/ p>.001). The influence of organizational support in Model 4 was statistically significant (△R2 = .523/ p> .001). In addition, it was confirmed that not only job efficacy but also organizational support were important factors affecting social workers’ job performance. The results of this study indicate that the performance of social welfare organization depends not only on individual competence but also on the mutual interaction between individual and organization. Finally, this study suggests that systematic organizational support is necessary in order to improve the organizational performance of social welfare organization.
VIPPES : A Virtual Parallel Processing System Simulation Environment

In this paper, we propose a performance preevaluation system for designing parallel processing systems, named VIPPES (VIrtual Parallel Processor Evaluation System). When constructing a parallel processor, we need various levels of design and simulation for preliminary evaluation of the total system performance for some benchmarks or actual application programs. Since there are various components to build a parallel processing system, we need simulators for this purpose. VIPPES controls several levels of simulators and retrieves the result data automatically. Simulation results are managed in several levels to be used in later simulations under various conditions. The User only needs to describe his program in PVM environment and determine the speci cation of processing unit and interconnection network. VIPPES nally reports the total computation time for given application and detailed breakdowns of the time consumption. While VIPPES can be performed on just a workstation, we implemented this environment on UNIX workstations cluster to achieve high speed evaluation. In this paper, we describe the concept, design and implementation of VIPPES. As an example, some performance evaluation results by VIPPES for several virtual machines with di erent interconnection network topology are also shown. Moreover, the accuracy of VIPPES as a total system simulator is also shown. Currently belongs to Fujitsu Co., Ltd.
Exhibition of the periodicity of Quantum Fourier Transformation in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

The remarkable capability of quantum Fourier transformation (QFT) to extract the periodicity of a given periodic function has been exhibited by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. Two separate sets of experiments were performed. In a full QFT, the periodicity were validated with state tomography and fidelity measurements. For a simplified QFT, the three-qubit pseudo-pure state was created by introducting an additional observer spin, and the spectra recorded on the observer spin showed intuitively the power of QFT\ to find the periodicity. Experimentally realizing the QFT provides a critical step to implement the renowned Shor's quantum factoring algorithm and many other algorithms. Moveover, it can be applied to the study of quantum chaos and other quantum information processing.
AN ISO SWS VIEW OF INTERSTELLAR ICES : FIRST RESULTS

The availability of SWS data from the Infrared Space Observatory is a landmark in the study of interstellar ices. This paper presents a brief review of what was known prior to the launch of ISO, and attempts a synthesis of what has been learned from the ISO observations available to date. Key areas of un- certainty are identified to provide a basis for future research.
Dynamic unlicensed bands access based on the decentralized resource distribution approach.

Dynamic spectrum access is a promising technique to use spectrum efficiently. Without being restricted to any prefixed spectrum bands, nodes choose operating spectrum on demand. Such flexibility, however, makes efficient and fair spectrum access in large scale networks great challenge. This paper presents a dynamic spectrum access decentralized approach. This approach is base on the game theory, mainly on the principle of Homo Egualis. There, it is assumed that operators are averse to unequal payoffs and act unselfishly, enabling a stable and sustainable community. An algorithm is proposed to solve the problems of inefficient use of spectrum and fair dynamic access to the available resources in the unlicensed bands. Numerical results show the performance of this algorithm.
Electroweak Interaction Model with an Undegenerate Double Symmetry

The initial P-invariance of the electroweak interaction Lagrangian together with the low-energy results of the Weinberg-Salam model is provided by a local secondary symmetry. Among the transformation parameters of this symmetry there are both scalars, and pseudo-scalars with respect to the orthochronous Lorentz group. Such symmetry does admissible existence of a light (massless) axial gauge boson and its possible nonuniversal interaction with the leptons of various types.
On Estimating The Welfare Gains from Trade Liberalization

Estimating general equilibrium price feedbacks is notoriously difficult. This has deterred most researchers from econometrically estimating the welfare gains from trade liberalization. Using a CES monopolistic competition example, we show that this difficulty has been greatly exaggerated. The paper achieves three goals. First, we provide dynamically consistent, general equilibrium estimates of elasticities of substitution. Second, with the help of these elasticities we estimate a compensating variation measure of both the static and dynamic gains from trade liberalization. Uniquely, these estimates are accompanied by standard errors. We estimate that the compensating variation associated with worldwide tariff elimination is between 2.0% (s.e. = 0.05%) and 5.2% (s.e. = 0.61%) of world income, depending on the weight given to dynamic mechanisms. Third, and in contrast to calibration methods, we employ a barrage of specification tests to examine the extent to which the model does violence to the data.
Evolutionarily Diverged Regulation of X-chromosomal Genes as a Primal Event in Mouse Reproductive Isolation

Improper gene regulation is implicated in reproductive isolation, but its genetic and molecular bases are unknown. We previously reported that a mouse inter-subspecific X chromosome substitution strain shows reproductive isolation characterized by male-specific sterility due to disruption of meiotic entry in spermatogenesis. Here, we conducted comprehensive transcriptional profiling of the testicular cells of this strain by microarray. The results clearly revealed gross misregulation of gene expression in the substituted donor X chromosome. Such misregulation occurred prior to detectable spermatogenetic impairment, suggesting that it is a primal event in reproductive isolation. The misregulation of X-linked genes showed asymmetry; more genes were disproportionally downregulated rather than upregulated. Furthermore, this misregulation subsequently resulted in perturbation of global transcriptional regulation of autosomal genes, probably by cascading deleterious effects. Remarkably, this transcriptional misregulation was substantially restored by introduction of chromosome 1 from the same donor strain as the X chromosome. This finding implies that one of regulatory genes acting in trans for X-linked target genes is located on chromosome 1. This study collectively suggests that regulatory incompatibility is a major cause of reproductive isolation in the X chromosome substitution strain.
Fans vs. spectators: an analysis of those who attend intercollegiate football games.

During the 2001 college football season more than 40 million individuals attended intercollegiate football games across the four divisions sponsored by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Although it would be easy to classify all of these individuals as either being spectators or fans, that would be in accurate. Trail, Robinson, Gillentine, and Dick (2003) developed a model based on the relationship between motives and points of attachment that classified attendees as either spectators or fans. The purpose of this study was to use the model to determine how individuals who attend college football games should be classified at the four NCAA divisions of college football. Data were collected from spectators at games at the the four different NCAA college football divisions. A MANOVA was performed on the motive factors and on the points of attachment factors proposed by Trail et al., using the division level as the independent variable. Results indicated that there was some support for the Trail et al. model. In general. Division I attendees have motives and points of attachments that are consistent with what Trail et al. (2003) classified as a fan characteristics. Division III attendees have motives and points of attachment that are consistent with what Trail et al. (2003) classified as spectator Matthew J. Robinson, EdD, is an associate professor of sport management at the University of Delaware. His research focuses on consumer behavior and brand equity. Galen T. Trail, PhD, is an associate professor of sport management at the University of Florida. He conducts research in consumer behavior and organizational
Departing from Lectures: An Evaluation of a Peer-Led Guided Inquiry Alternative

To improve a large-enrollment general chemistry course based on conventional lectures, we instituted a reform combining peer-led team learning with a guided inquiry approach, together called peer-led guided inquiry (PLGI). For one group of first-semester general chemistry students, a PLGI session was combined with two lectures per week, and this group was compared to a control group that had the usual three lectures per week. Students were compared based on performance on identical course exams and on a final exam from the ACS Examinations Institute given at the end of the semester. The experimental group was found to perform better than the control group overall, in spite of experiencing one fewer lecture each week. Also, attendance at the PLGI sessions was found to have a significant positive impact on student performance, even when controlling for students’ SAT mathematics and verbal scores. This method of evaluating reform effects for institutions with several large sections of introductory chemistry .
International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems Fabrication of Microstructures Embedding Controllable Particles inside Dielectrophoretic Microfluidic Devices Regular Paper

This paper presents a method of particle manipulation by dielectrophoresis (DEP) and immobilization using photo‐crosslinkable resin inside microfluidic devices. High speed particle manipulation, including patterning and concentration control by DEP was demonstrated. Immovable and movable microstructures embedding particles were fabricated on‐ chip. Several microelectrodes were fabricated using Indium Tin Oxides (ITO) and Cr/Au. The two kinds of DEP responses of yeast cells (W303) and other particles were experimentally confirmed. Based on negative DEP phenomenon, cell traps generated by microelectrodes were demonstrated. Position control, transportation and patterning of cells were performed with cell traps. The on‐chip fabrication of arbitrary shapes of microstructures based on Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) was reported. With cell patterning by DEP and immobilization using on‐chip fabrication, microstructures embedding line patterned cells were fabricated inside microfluidic channels. A novel microfluidic device was designed to separate patterning and fabrication areas and movable microstructures embedding concentration controllable particles were fabricated inside this device.
Dissolved Gas Analysis methods for distribution transformers

This paper proposes a program development for evaluating a condition of insulating oil of distribution transformer from Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) sampling data. The DGA methods such as Key Gas method, Total Dissolved Combustible Gas (TDCG), Dörnenburg Ratio method, Rogers Ratio method and Duval Triangle method are applied to assess actual condition of distribution transformer. All five methods are developed by excel program for simple usage with minimum cost of utility. A total of 50 distribution transformers in Thailand are analyzed and compared to identify actual conditions of those transformers. However, two transformers show evaluation method and procedure. Finally, the total dissolved combustible gas (TDCG) method is applied to recommend the maintenance tasks to the transformers.
Elements of Humor: How Humans Perceive Verbal and Non-verbal Aspects of Humorous Robot Behavior

We performed a preliminary online survey to explore if verbal and non-verbal robot humor elements influence how humans rate a robot's funniness. The video-based survey comprised four conditions, each showing a short clip of a NAO robot in a receptionist scenario, showing different behavior. Although participants' ratings of the funniness level did not differ significantly between robot behaviors, we interpret this result as an indicator that humor is not made from single elements. Humor is multilayered and often only works when different signals are combined. Creating funny robots will require more detailed research on multimodal behaviors.