Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pathogens Causing Pediatric Community Acquired Urinary Tract Infections and Their Increasing Antimicrobial Resistance: A Nationwide Study

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in childhood are common and are associated with considerable acute morbidity and long-term complications. The need for updated data to optimize empiric antibiotic therapy is crucial. We aimed to investigate the pathogens causing pediatric community acquired UTIs, their correlation with demographic characteristics, and trends in their antimicrobial resistance. This nationwide cross-sectional study included all 53,203 children (<18 years) diagnosed with UTI in community outpatient clinics in the following selected years: 2007, 2011, 2015, 2019 and 2021. Escherichia coli (E. coli) (82.1%) was the most common uropathogen, followed by Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, and Enterococcus species. The bacterial distribution displayed statistically significant (p < 0.0001) gender- and sector-specific patterns with a higher relative prevalence of non-E. coli UTI in Jewish and males. The rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive E. coli increased substantially and significantly (p < 0.001) from only 6.1% in 2007 to 25.4% in 2021. Most non-E. coli uropathogens exhibited resistance to commonly used empiric antibiotics for UTIs in children. These findings are significant in guiding optimal empiric antibiotic treatment for pediatric community acquired UTIs. The resistance of uropathogens to antimicrobials is region- and time-dependent. Therefore, the periodic and local assessment of antibiotic resistance trends is essential to update guidelines and provide the most appropriate antibacterial therapy for children with UTIs.
Driver Drowsiness Multi-Method Detection for Vehicles with Autonomous Driving Functions

The article outlines various approaches to developing a fuzzy decision algorithm designed for monitoring and issuing warnings about driver drowsiness. This algorithm is based on analyzing EOG (electrooculography) signals and eye state images with the aim of preventing accidents. The drowsiness warning system comprises key components that learn about, analyze and make decisions regarding the driver’s alertness status. The outcomes of this analysis can then trigger warnings if the driver is identified as being in a drowsy state. Driver drowsiness is characterized by a gradual decline in attention to the road and traffic, diminishing driving skills and an increase in reaction time, all contributing to a higher risk of accidents. In cases where the driver does not respond to the warnings, the ADAS (advanced driver assistance systems) system should intervene, assuming control of the vehicle’s commands.
Vibration and buckling analyses of tapered composite beams using conventional and advanced finite element formulations

Tapered composite beams are being used in various engineering applications such as helicopter yoke, robot arms and turbine blade in which the structure needs to be stiff at one location and flexible at another locations. Laminated tapered beams can be manufactured by terminating some plies at discrete locations. Different types of ply drop-off can be achieved depending on the application. Due to the variety of tapered composite beams and complexity of the analysis, no analytical solution is available at present and therefore finite element method has been used for the calculation of response. In the present thesis, the free vibration response and buckling of different types of tapered composite beams are analyzed first using conventional finite element formulation. Conventional finite element formulation requires a large number of elements to obtain acceptable results. In addition, continuity of curvature at element interfaces can not be guaranteed with the use of conventional formulation. As a result, stress distribution across the thickness is not continuous at element interfaces. In order to overcome these limitations, an advanced finite element formulation is developed in the present thesis for vibration and buckling analysis of tapered composite beams based on classical laminate theory and first-order shear deformation theory. The developed formulation is applied to the analysis of various types of tapered composite beams. The efficiency and accuracy of the developed formulation are established in comparison with available solutions, where applicable, as well as with the results obtained using conventional formulation. A detailed parametric study has been conducted on various types of tapered composite beams, all made of NCT/301 graphite-epoxy, in order to investigate the effects of boundary conditions, laminate configuration, taper angle, the ratio of the length of the thick section to the length of the thin section and the ratio of the height of the thick section, to the height of thin section.
The Story of a Yakima Fold and How It Informs Late Neogene and Quaternary Backarc Deformation in the Cascadia Subduction Zone, Manastash Anticline, Washington, USA

The Yakima folds of central Washington, USA, are prominent anticlines that are the primary tectonic features of the backarc of the northern Cascadia subduction zone. What accounts for their topographic expression and how much strain do they accommodate and over what time period? We investigate Manastash anticline, a north vergent fault propagation fold typical of structures in the fold province. From retrodeformation of line‐ and area‐balanced cross sections, the crust has horizontally shortened by 11% (0.8–0.9 km). The fold, and by inference all other folds in the fold province, formed no earlier than 15.6 Ma as they developed on a landscape that was reset to negligible relief following voluminous outpouring of Grande Ronde Basalt. Deformation is accommodated on two fault sets including west‐northwest striking frontal thrust faults and shorter north to northeast striking faults. The frontal thrust fault system is active with late Quaternary scarps at the base of the range front. The fault‐cored Manastash anticline terminates to the east at the Naneum anticline and fault; activity on the north trending Naneum structures predates emplacement of the Grande Ronde Basalt. The west trending Yakima folds and west striking thrust faults, the shorter north to northeast striking faults, and the Naneum fault together constitute the tectonic structures that accommodate deformation in the low strain rate environment in the backarc of the Cascadia Subduction Zone.
Roof- and Pyramid Wavefront Sensing with Extended Sources

We generalize the standard Fourier optics measurement equations for the roofand pyramid wavefront sensor (RWFS and PWFS) concepts to the case of extended (non-point) sources. Samples of such sources include (i) extended astronomical objects such as moons, (ii) point sources with modulation (i.e., tip/tilt nutation), and (iii) elongated laser guide stars. For simple source profiles, for example top-hat or Gaussian functions, the effect of the extended source on the measurement can be represented analytically as a filter function for each of these sample cases. For the RWFS, we use this representation to evaluate the impact of extended source on the wavefront reconstruction error due to noise, as a function of the number of Zernike modes estimated. A limited set of sample results are also presented for more computationally intensive case of the PWFS. The trends are qualitatively similar to the RWFS, but with a modestly larger sensitivity to noise when reconstructing 50 or more Zernike modes. Finally, the measurement equations developed for extended sources indicated that the RWFS and PWFS wavefront measurements may be biased (i.e., nonzero measurements for a null wavefront) when the source is asymmetrical, but the magnitude of this effect has not been studied yet either analytically or via simulation.
Using Porcelain Replicas for Precision Control in Flintknapping Experiments

ABSTRACT The experimental replication of lithic artifacts occasionally encounters issues of standardization and control. Two major issues are how to accurately create a large sample population and how to sample from specific stages over the flaking process. Knappable stone is unpredictable due to inclusions, cracks, and differences in size, texture, and fracture toughness. While this aspect of stone is critical to understanding some aspects of human behavior, decision-making, and skill assessment, in some experimental studies it may hinder other areas. Research for a large study assessing the failure of Folsom preforms during the fluting stage required many knappable facsimiles. The process outlined here uses porcelain as a medium for tackling these requirements. The new method presented here illustrates how a 3-D scanner and printer can be used to record and produce a copy of the artifact form. It then describes how to create a plaster mold of the printed artifact form and, finally, how to cast and fire the artifact replica in porcelain. La replicación experimental de artefactos líticos ocasionalmente encuentra problemas de estandarización y control. Dos cuestiones importantes son cómo crear con precisión una gran población de muestra y cómo muestrear de etapas específicas sobre el proceso de descamación. Knappable piedra es impredecible debido a inclusiones, grietas y diferencias en tamaño, textura y tenacidad a la fractura. Si bien este aspecto de la piedra es fundamental para comprender algunos aspectos del comportamiento humano, la toma de decisiones y la evaluación de habilidades en algunos estudios experimentales, puede obstaculizar otras áreas. La investigación para un gran estudio que evaluó el fracaso de las preformas de Folsom durante la etapa de estría requirió muchos facsímiles knappable. El proceso descrito aquí utiliza la porcelana como medio para abordar estos requisitos. El nuevo método presentado aquí ilustra cómo se puede utilizar un escáner 3D e impresora para grabar y producir una copia del formulario del artefacto. A continuación, se describe cómo crear un molde de yeso de la forma de artefacto impreso, y luego, por último, cómo arrojar y disparar la réplica de artefacto en porcelana.
3D-LIDAR Multi Object Tracking for Autonomous Driving: Multi-target Detection and Tracking under Urban Road Uncertainties

The recent advancement of the autonomous vehicle has raised the need for reliable environmental perception. This is evident, as an autonomous vehicle has to perceive and interpret its local environment in order to execute reactive and predictive control action. Object Tracking is an integral part of vehicle perception, as it enables the vehicle to estimate surrounding objects trajectories to achieve dynamic motion planning. The 3D LIDAR has been widely used in object tracking research since the mechanically compact sensor provides rich, far-reaching and real-time data of spatial information around the vehicle. On the other hand, the development of autonomous driving is heading toward its use in the urban-driving situation. In an urban situation, a robust detection and tracking algorithm is required due to increasing number of Vulnerable Road User (e.g. pedestrian and cyclist), heterogeneous terrain, inherent measurement uncertainties and limited sensor reach. This thesis presents an integrated framework of multi-target object detection and tracking using 3D LIDAR geared toward urban use. The framework combines occlusion-aware detection methods, probabilistic adaptive filtering and computationally efficient heuristics logic-based filtering to handle uncertainties arising from sensing limitation of 3D LIDAR and complexity of the target object movement. The implemented framework takes a raw 3D LIDAR data as input to perform multi-target object detection while simultaneously maintaining track of the detected objects' kinematic states and dimension in robust, causal, and real-time manner. Robust detection is enabled by slope-based ground removal and L-shape fitting to reliably enclose bounding box to objects of interest in the presence of sensor occlusion. The tracker utilises three combined Bayesian filters (IMM-UK-JPDAF) which simultaneously tackle association uncertainties, motion uncertainties and estimate non-linear stochastic motion model in real-time. Logic-based rule filters are also designed to augment the rest of detection and tracking based on the understanding of LIDAR sensor limitation and occlusion characteristic. The evaluation results using real-world pre-recorded 3D LIDAR data show the proposed framework can achieve promising real-time tracking performance in urban situations. Diverse datasets are deliberately chosen to evaluate if the MOT system is capable of working in a varying driving scenario. The benchmark results highlight that the designed and implemented MOT system is performing on par with the state-of-art works and yield satisfying accuracy and precision in most given urban settings.
Total harmonic distortion analysis of inverter fed induction motor drive using neuro fuzzy type-1 and neuro fuzzy type-2 controllers

Introduction. When the working point of the indirect vector control is constant, the conventional speed and current controllers operate effectively. The operating point, however, is always shifting. In a closed-system situation, the inverter measured reference voltages show higher harmonics. As a result, the provided pulse is uneven and contains more harmonics, which enables the inverter to create an output voltage that is higher. Aim. A space vector modulation (SVM) technique is presented in this paper for type-2 neuro fuzzy systems. The inverter’s performance is compared to that of a neuro fuzzy type-1 system, a neuro fuzzy type-2 system, and classical SVM using MATLAB simulation and experimental validation. Methodology. It trains the input-output data pattern using a hybrid-learning algorithm that combines back-propagation and least squares techniques. Input and output data for the proposed technique include information on the rotation angle and change of rotation angle as input and output of produced duty ratios. A neuro fuzzy-controlled induction motor drive’s dynamic and steady-state performance is compared to that of the conventional SVM when using neuro fuzzy type-2 SVM the induction motor, performance metrics for current, torque, and speed are compared to those of neuro fuzzy type-1 and conventional SVM. Practical value. The performance of an induction motor created by simulation results are examined using the experimental validation of a dSPACE DS-1104. For various switching frequencies, the total harmonic distortion of line-line voltage using neuro fuzzy type-2, neuro fuzzy type-1, and conventional based SVMs are provided. The 3 hp induction motor in the lab is taken into consideration in the experimental validations.
Lightning mortality rate in Colombia for the period1997 –2014

In many countries, the natural phenomenon of lightning has been studied taking an account climatic and physiographic conditions. The atmospheric discharges are responsible for the death of more than 6000 people per year in the world. Colombia is located in the intertropical convergence zone and it has a geography characterized by plains and long mountain ranges. These conditions make Colombia located in the region with the highest lightning activity in the world increasing, increasing the number of deaths and injuries by this phenomenon, especially in rural zones. This paper presents a study about the total number of deaths and the mortality rate by lightnings for the period between 1997 and 2014. The information about deaths by lightning was taken from the statistics of the National Administrative Department of Statistics (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadísticas – DANE). The obtained results are synthesized for all country and are discriminated by departments and natural subregions. In this way, the mortality rate obtained for Colombia was 1.51 per million people per year. Likewise, Vichada was the department with the highest mortality rate (7.85), while Popayan Plateau was the natural subregion with the highest number of deaths per million people per year with 8.62.
Internet Gaming Disorder among Health Science Students of Kathmandu Valley

Internet gaming disorder is characterized by persistent, unchecked gaming to the point where it interferes with other hobbies, everyday activities, and has harmful effects. Internet gaming is more common among younger people. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of risk of developing gaming disorder, and its related risk factors among health science students of Kathmandu, Nepal. A total of 422 public health students from Purbanchal University in Kathmandu filled out a Google form that was distributed by lecturers and representatives via email, Viber, and Messenger between January to March 2021. Data were gathered with administrative approval and individual agreement, and SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. The study indicated that the majority of students (84.8%) had a normal risk of acquiring internet gaming disorder, but a considerable minority (15.2%) were at risk. Although the majority of respondents who played games had appropriate gaming behaviour, a significant percentage of them were in danger. The finding showed a relationship between internet gaming disorder and variables including gender, semester, internet use, game features, game hours, and game money spent. Video games are widespread in current culture, yet a large minority suffers harmful consequences so policymakers are advised to create regulations that promote healthy gaming habits, such as prohibiting minor players and limiting access to online games at particular times.
PENGARUH MEDIA FLASHCARD TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LITERASI NUMERASI DI SDN 3 KARANGAJI

Kemampuan literasi numerasi merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang harus dikuasai oleh setiap manusia saat ini. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manfaat dari penggunaan media pembelajaran flashcard terhadap kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan jenis eksperimen One Group Pretest and Posttest Design. subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SDN 3 Karangaji. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil yaitu nilai yang diperoleh siswa dalam pretest dan posttest menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan, dengan rata-rata pretest mendapatkan nilai sebesar 27 dan pada posttest mendapatkan rata-rata nilai sebesar 62. Selain siswa sudah memiliki kemampuan literasi dan numerasi yang baik, siswa juga terlihat menjadi lebih semangat dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran. guru juga dapat menghemat waktu ketika menyampaikan materi pelajaran karena siswa menjadi lebih mudah paham. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa media flashcard memiliki pengaruh terhadap kemampuan literasi numerasi siswa.
Modeling Vertical Flow Treatment Wetland Hydraulics to Optimize Treatment Efficiency

An upward Vertical Flow Treatment Wetland (uVFTW) has been designed to use anaerobic and aerobic microbial processes to bioremediate groundwater contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons. Hydraulic short-circuiting has been a problem with uVFTWs. Corbin (2008) estimated that for a uVFTW constructed at Wright Patterson AFB to treat contaminated groundwater, groundwater flowed through less than 50% of the wetland’s volume, and that the actual mean residence time (1.38 days) was significantly less than the 8.75 days that would be achievable with uniform flow through the wetland cell. The objective of this research is to investigate how the hydraulics of uVFTWs affects treatment efficiency. A sub-objective is to propose uVFTW design strategies that can be used to maximize treatment efficiency. To accomplish this, a model of a threelayer uVFTW that couples hydraulics and degradation kinetics was built using the MODFLOW-based Groundwater Modeling Software. The model was applied, using data collected by Corbin (2008) and literature values for degradation rate constants, to estimate the effectiveness of various engineering solutions aimed at improving overall treatment efficiency. The results indicate that, compared to a baseline model, which was constructed to approximate the existing Wright Patterson AFB uVFTW and had a mean residence time (tau) of 6.19 days, all of the proposed engineering solutions would be effective in increasing the mean residence time. Based on the actual flow through the wetland, and
Retrospective Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Spinal Tuberculosis Focus Removal versus Posterior Pedicle Lesion Removal, Bone Grafting, and Internal Fixation Combined with Drug Chemotherapy for Thoracolumbar Tuberculosis

Objective This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of endoscopic spinal tuberculosis focus removal, posterior pedicle lesion removal, bone grafting, and internal fixation combined with drug chemotherapy in treating thoracolumbar tuberculosis. It also seeks to summarize strategies for preventing complications and provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 105 patients with spinal tuberculosis treated in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (n=38), who underwent endoscopic spinal tuberculosis focus removal, and Group B (n=67), who underwent posterior pedicle lesion removal, bone grafting, and internal fixation. All patients received preoperative quadruple anti-tuberculosis drug chemotherapy (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol) for 2–4 weeks. We recorded and compared parameters such as operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, recovery time, hospital stay, blood transfusion, and complications. We also compared pre- and postoperative lumbar VAS, ODI, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, Procalcitonin, D-Dimer, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio, hemoglobin, total protein, and Cobb angle to evaluate kyphotic deformity and correction. Results Preoperative data including age, sex, body mass index, segment involvement, past medical history, smoking history, preoperative erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, Procalcitonin, D-Dimer, Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio, hemoglobin, total protein, lumbar VAS score, lumbar ODI score, and spinal Cobb’s angle showed no significant difference between the groups (P>0.05). Main postoperative indicators revealed that Group A had significantly lower lumbar VAS scores, higher hemoglobin and total protein levels, and a lower recurrence rate than Group B at the last follow-up (P<0.05). Secondary postoperative indicators showed that Group A required significantly less blood transfusion, had shorter operative time, less intraoperative blood loss, shorter postoperative hospitalization time, and lower Cobb Angle than Group B (P<0.05). Conclusion Endoscopic spinal tuberculosis focus removal can achieve comparable safety to posterior pedicle lesion removal, bone grafting, and internal fixation, with shorter operation time, less intraoperative bleeding, lower postoperative recurrence rate, and less postoperative drainage. This method can effectively improve blood sedimentation, lumbar function, restore Cobb angle, and reduce pain, making it worthy of promotion and application.