Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expansion and Functional Divergence of AP2 Group Genes in Spermatophytes Determined by Molecular Evolution and Arabidopsis Mutant Analysis

The APETALA2 (AP2) genes represent the AP2 group within a large group of DNA-binding proteins called AP2/EREBP. The AP2 gene is functional and necessary for flower development, stem cell maintenance, and seed development, whereas the other members of AP2 group redundantly affect flowering time. Here we study the phylogeny of AP2 group genes in spermatophytes. Spermatophyte AP2 group genes can be classified into AP2 and TOE types, six clades, and we found that the AP2 group homologs in gymnosperms belong to the AP2 type, whereas TOE types are absent, which indicates the AP2 type gene are more ancient and TOE type was split out of AP2 type and losing the major function. In Brassicaceae, the expansion of AP2 and TOE type lead to the gene number of AP2 group were up to six. Purifying selection appears to have been the primary driving force of spermatophyte AP2 group evolution, although positive selection occurred in the AP2 clade. The transition from exon to intron of AtAP2 in Arabidopsis mutant leads to the loss of gene function and the same situation was found in AtTOE2. Combining this evolutionary analysis and published research, the results suggest that typical AP2 group genes may first appear in gymnosperms and diverged in angiosperms, following expansion of group members and functional differentiation. In angiosperms, AP2 genes (AP2 clade) inherited key functions from ancestors and other genes of AP2 group lost most function but just remained flowering time controlling in gene formation. In this study, the phylogenies of AP2 group genes in spermatophytes was analyzed, which supported the evidence for the research of gene functional evolution of AP2 group.
What Lies Behind the Mirror: An Intercultural Pragmatic Approach to Citation Practices

Academic writers are set in the socio-cultural context, searching for recognition from potential readers with citations as the bridge. Appropriate citations, however, can be hard to achieve. In particular, for novice EFL writers, their lack of control over linguistic skills and insufficient mastery of academic conventions may lead to a more conscious approach. Kecskes proposed the socio-cognitive approach from the intercultural pragmatic perspective, which was adopted to analyze the citation practices conducted by three Chinese doctoral students and the results suggest that participants’ citation practices could be better viewed as a privatized process of collective salience and co-constructed academic conventions, with the interplay of societal and cognitive factors as the main driving force herein. Keywords—societal factors; individual factors; novice writers; citation practices; academic writing
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 5-15-2012 TOWARDS COMPLIANCE IN ORGANIZATIONAL ENGINEERING-A CASE STUDY

Information Systems for decision support are used in healthcare for many years. While administrative, accounting-related systems have been accepted with more or less success by decision-makers, this study is devoted to methods of conceptual modeling in clinical information management – especially against the background of assuring a high quality level in an increasingly networked healthcare sector. There are large differences in the use of models of Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) and their implementation in process descriptions as Clinical Pathways (CP). The paper examines the usefulness of diagrammatic representations and models as well as methodological support in general as well as the willingness of individuals to deal with these. Based on an exploratory case study, the concept of a model-driven method from the perspective of domain experts is evaluated and the impacts for modeling approaches are derived.
PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH ADHD: COGNITIONS, EMOTIONAL, AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO ADHD SYMPTOMS

Title of Thesis: PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH ADHD: COGNITIONS, EMOTIONAL, AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO ADHD SYMPTOMS Jaimeleigh Mercedes Salazar, Master of Science, 2017 Thesis Directed by: Professor Norman B. Epstein, Department of Family Science The present study investigated the association between parent’s of children with ADHD and their behavioral and emotional responses to their child’s symptoms, as well as the parent’s emotional and behavioral responses to their own cognitions and coping related traits. Current research on ADHD suggests that diagnosis of this neurodevelopment disorder is rising and parents of children with ADHD face unfavorable outcomes such as increased stress, burdensome of parenting role, and lack of warmth toward their children. However, research investigating the interaction among parent’s behaviors, emotions, and cognitions in response to their child’s ADHD behavior is lacking. This study collected primary data from 100 parents of children with ADHD that were members of the national organization CHADD. The study examined the association between child gender, child ADHD behaviors, parent coping related traits, and parent negative attributions toward their child. Child ADHD behavior, parent coping related traits, and parent negative attributions were predictive of parent anger, anxiety, authoritarian, and authoritative behaviors. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Swing-Leg Trajectory of Running Guinea Fowl Suggests Task-Level Priority of Force Regulation Rather than Disturbance Rejection

To achieve robust and stable legged locomotion in uneven terrain, animals must effectively coordinate limb swing and stance phases, which involve distinct yet coupled dynamics. Recent theoretical studies have highlighted the critical influence of swing-leg trajectory on stability, disturbance rejection, leg loading and economy of walking and running. Yet, simulations suggest that not all these factors can be simultaneously optimized. A potential trade-off arises between the optimal swing-leg trajectory for disturbance rejection (to maintain steady gait) versus regulation of leg loading (for injury avoidance and economy). Here we investigate how running guinea fowl manage this potential trade-off by comparing experimental data to predictions of hypothesis-based simulations of running over a terrain drop perturbation. We use a simple model to predict swing-leg trajectory and running dynamics. In simulations, we generate optimized swing-leg trajectories based upon specific hypotheses for task-level control priorities. We optimized swing trajectories to achieve i) constant peak force, ii) constant axial impulse, or iii) perfect disturbance rejection (steady gait) in the stance following a terrain drop. We compare simulation predictions to experimental data on guinea fowl running over a visible step down. Swing and stance dynamics of running guinea fowl closely match simulations optimized to regulate leg loading (priorities i and ii), and do not match the simulations optimized for disturbance rejection (priority iii). The simulations reinforce previous findings that swing-leg trajectory targeting disturbance rejection demands large increases in stance leg force following a terrain drop. Guinea fowl negotiate a downward step using unsteady dynamics with forward acceleration, and recover to steady gait in subsequent steps. Our results suggest that guinea fowl use swing-leg trajectory consistent with priority for load regulation, and not for steadiness of gait. Swing-leg trajectory optimized for load regulation may facilitate economy and injury avoidance in uneven terrain.
A study of evaluation system based on large scale photovoltaic power generation

Aiming at the characteristics of large scale photovoltaic power generation, a comprehensive evaluation system based on large-scale photovoltaic power generation is proposed. Through the analysis of the results of the various operating parameters of large scale photovoltaic power generation, the operation of large scale grid connected PV grid is mastered. The comprehensive evaluation system is established by using the analytic hierarchy process. Through the analysis of the three levels of economic, control and benefit, the results of the optimal allocation of power resources are used to evaluate the integrated state of PV grid connected system and provide reference for power network planning.
An Estimated Canadian DSGE Model with Nominal and Real Rigidities

This paper develops a dynamic, stochastic, general-equilibrium (DSGE) model for the Canadian economy and evaluates the real effects of monetary policy shocks. To generate high and persistent real effects, the model combines nominal frictions in the form of costly price adjustment with real rigidities modelled as convex costs of adjusting capital and employment. The structural parameters identifying transmission channels are estimated econometrically using a maximum likelihood procedure with a Kalman filter. The estimated nominal and real rigidities impart substantial real and persistent effects following a monetary policy shock. Furthermore, the results show that the monetary authority has accommodated technology shocks and has successfully insulated the Canadian economy from demand-side disturbances, by responding to technology and money demand shocks. JEL classification: E31, E32. Bank classification: Monetary policy framework
A Distributed System Using MS Kinect and Event Calculus for Adaptive Physiotherapist Rehabilitation

In many countries of the world, the life expectancy increases but the population ages so rapidly that it is expected that soon it will be difficult to ensure a good life quality to the elder people when health issues arise. In this paper, we consider this problem from the point of view of the physiotherapy rehabilitation which nowadays is perceived as costly and inconvenient for the elder patients. In order to lessen these problems, we propose a distributed architecture to allow the physiotherapists to remotely assist their patients while they comfortably do exercises from home. As in other proposals, the Human Pose Recognition is delegated to a computer equipped with MS Kinect and neural networks. Our approach, however, differs from others because it includes a logical framework based on Event Calculus augmented with Expectations which provides a higher-level description of the exercises and a mean to measure how well they were done.
Relationship between pH and the availability of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the zooxanthella-giant clam symbiosis

Giant clams of the family Tridacnidae live in symbiosis with intercellular dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium, often referred to by the trivial name “zooxanthellae. ” Intact clams take up both ammonium and nitrate when they are offered separately. When zooxanthellae were removed from the mantle and incubated in hemolymph, they took up ammonium, and they took up nitrate when ammonium concentrations were low enough (< 1 PM) not to inhibit uptake. The pH of hemolymph collected from the venous sinuses (immediately below the mantle tissue where most of the zooxanthellae reside) varied on a diel cycle, with highest values (-8.1) measured during the middle of the day and lowest (-7.2) detected at night. Zooxanthellae are probably responsible for the alkalization of the hemolymph since the increase in pH is coincident with maximum light levels and photosynthesis. Natural concentrations of ammonium in the hemolymph of freshly collected clams were inversely correlated with pH, with highest values detected at night when pH was lowest. Rates of diffusion of ammonia from seawater (pH 8.1) into animal compartments of lower pH were proportional to the pH differential. Diffusion of ammonia over a pH gradient, with diel variation in pH, may act to regulate availability of nitrogen to the algal symbionts in all zooxanthellae symbioses, including reef corals, thereby controlling the timing and rate of algal division.
Achieving SLC performance with MLC flash memory

Although the Multi-Level-Cell technique is widely adopted by flash-memory vendors to boost the chip density and to lower the cost, it results in serious performance and reliability problems. Different from the past work, a new cell programming method is proposed to not only significantly improve the chip performance but also reduce the potential bit error rate. In particular, a Single-Level-Cell-like programming style is proposed to better explore the threshold-voltage relationship to denote different Multi-Level-Cell bit information, which in turn drastically provides a larger window of threshold voltage similar to that found in Single-Level-Cell chips. It could result in less programming iterations and simultaneously a much less reliability problem in programming flash-memory cells. In the experiments, the new programming style could accelerate the programming speed up to 742% and even reduce the bit error rate up to 471% for Multi-Level-Cell pages.
An effective dynamic parallel downloading scheme with network coding in λ-grid networks

In λ-grid networks, data files are stored on file servers as replicas, and those replicas are downloaded in parallel to reduce downloading time. However, parallel downloading raises the blocking probability of lightpath establishments because parallel downloading wastes many wavelength resources. To resolve this problem, we propose a parallel downloading scheme with network coding which encodes data at intermediate nodes. The proposed scheme enables file servers to store many replicas and thus replicas are easily downloaded with low wavelength resources. Through simulation experiments, we show that the proposed scheme improves the blocking probability and the downloading time efficiently.
Sex Steroids and Gender in Cardiovascular-Renal Physiology and Pathophysiology Roles of CYP2C29 and RXR (cid:1) in vascular EET synthesis of female mice

Roles of CYP2C29 and RXR (cid:1) in vascular EET synthesis of female mice. Am Physiol R862–R869, 2010. aimed to identify which cytochrome P -450 (CYP) family/subfamily, as well as related transcription factor(s), is responsible for the estrogen-dependent synthesis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to initiate shear stress-induced vasodilation. Microarray analysis indicated a signiﬁcant upregulation of CYP2C29 and retinoid X receptor (cid:1) (RXR (cid:1) ) in isolated mesenteric arteries/arterioles of female endothelial nitric oxide synthase-knockout mice, a result that was validated by real-time RT-PCR. The cannulated vessels were then perfused with 2 and 10 dyn/cm 2 shear stress, followed by collection of the perfusate to determine EET concentrations and isoforms. Shear stress dose-depen-dently stimulated the release of EETs into the perfusate, associated with an EET-mediated vasodilation, in which predominantly 14,15-EET and 11,12-EET contributed to the responses ( (cid:2) 87.4% of total EETs). Transfection of vessels with CYP2C29 siRNA eliminated the release of EETs into the perfusate, which was evidenced by an abolished vasodilation, and conﬁrmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Knockdown of RXR (cid:1) in these vessels signiﬁcantly inhibited the production of EETs, parallel to a reduced vasodilation. RXR (cid:1) siRNA not only silenced the vascular RXR (cid:1) expression, but synchronously downregulated CYP2C29 expression, leading to a reduced EET synthesis. In conclusion, our data provide the ﬁrst evidence for a speciﬁc signaling cascade, by which estrogen potentially activates the CYP2C29 gene in the absence of nitric oxide, to synthesize EETs in response to shear stress, via an RXR (cid:1) -related regulatory mechanism. EPOXYEICOSATRIENOIC
A Psychometric Evaluation of the Recovery Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport)

The RESTQ-Sport is a psychological measure of stress and recovery commonly used in sports medicine to detect the early symptoms of overtraining in elite sport athletes. Despite the popularity of the measure in sports medicine research and practice, the psychometric properties of the measure have been debated. The purpose of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the measure using methods of item analysis (i.e., classical test theory [CTT] and item response theory [IRT]) and factor analysis (i.e., confirmatory factor analysis [CFA] and exploratory structural equation modeling [ESEM]). Results of the item analysis indicated that the RESTQ-Sport stress items perform better among high-stress than low-stress athletes, while the recovery items perform better among low-recovery than high-recovery athletes. Results of the item analysis revealed potential item redundancy within stress and recovery items, as well as a number of poor performing items within individual subscales. Results of the CFA demonstrated superior model fit of a 1 order RESTQ-Sport measurement model in comparison with hierarchical models. Results of the ESEM demonstrated crossloading concerns with the recovery items that were masked when using CFA procedures. Overall, the results of the study indicate that the RESTQ-Sport demonstrates superior responsiveness to symptoms of overtraining when used among athletes at high risk of overtraining. Results also broadly indicate that there is room for refinement in the RESTQ-Sport factor structure, particularly as it relates to the development of recovery as a distinct construct from stress.
Neutral hydrogen in nearby elliptical and lenticular galaxies: the continuing formation of early-type galaxies

We present the results of deep Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope observations of neutral hydrogen in 12 nearby elliptical and lenticular galaxi es. The selected objects come from a representative sample of nearby galaxies earlier studied at optical wavelengths with the integral-field spectrograph SAURON. They are field galaxies, or (in two cases) located in poor group environments. We detect H I - both in regular discs as well as in clouds and tails offset from the host galaxy - in 70% of the galaxies. This detection rate is much higher than in previous, shallower single-dish surveys, and is similar to that for the ionised gas. The results suggest that at faint detection levels the presence of H I is a relatively common characteristic of field early-type galaxies, confirming what was suggested t wenty years ago by Jura based on IRAS observations. The observed total H I masses range between a few times 10 6 M⊙ to just over 10 9 M⊙. The presence of regular disc-like structures is a situatio n as common as H I in offset clouds and tails around early-type galaxies. All g alaxies where H I isdetected also contain ionised gas, whereas no H I is found around galaxies without ionised gas. Galaxies with regular H I discs tend to have strong emission from ionised gas. In these cases, the similar kinematics of the neutral hydrogen and ionised gas suggest that they form one structure. The kinematical axis of the stellar component is nearly always misaligned with respect to that of the gas. We do not find a clear trend between the presence of H I and the global age of the stellar population or the global dynamical characteristics of t he galaxies. More specifically, H I detections are uniformly spread through the (V/σ, ǫ) diagram. If fast and slow rotators - galaxies with high and low specific angular momentum - represent th e relics of different formation paths, this does not appear in the presence and characterist ics of the H I. Our observations support the idea that gas accretion is common and does not happen exclusively in peculiar early-type galaxies. The links observed between the large-scale gas and the characteristics on the nuclear scale (e.g., the presence of kinematically de coupled cores, radio continuum emission etc.), suggest that for the majority of the cases th e gas is acquired through merging, but the lack of correlation with the stellar population age s uggests that smooth, cold accretion could be an alternative scenario, at least in some galaxies. In either cases, the data suggest that early-type galaxies continue to build their mass up to the pr esent.
Global uniform asymptotic stability of cascaded non-autonomous nonlinear systems

In this short paper we deal with the stability analysis problem of cascaded non autonomous nonlinear systems. In particular we answer to the following questions: (1) What happens with the solutions of a time varying nonlinear system which is globally uniformly stable when it is perturbed by the output of a globally exponentially stable system (GES), in particular, when both systems form a cascade? (2) If a time varying nonlinear system is globally uniformly asymptotically stable (GUAS), is this stability property preserved when it is perturbed by an exponentially decaying input? , (3) Under which conditions the cascaded interconnection of two GUAS non autonomous nonlinear systems, is still GUAS?
Cerebellar Golgi cells in the rat: receptive fields and timing of responses to facial stimulation

Golgi cells are the only elements within the cerebellar cortex that inhibit granule cells. Despite their unique position there is little information on how Golgi cells respond to afferent input. We studied responses of Golgi cells to mechanical stimulation of the face, in Crus I‐II of ketamine‐xylazine anaesthetized rats. In 41 rats, 87 putative Golgi cells were identified, based on spike characteristics and on location of electrolytic lesions in the granular layer. They displayed a slow firing rhythm at rest (8.4 spikes/s). Most Golgi cells (84%) showed excitatory responses to tactile input. Their receptive fields (RFs) included, in 78%, the entire ipsilateral infraorbital nerve territory, and extended, in 14%, to other trigeminal nerve branches and, in 48%, to the contralateral face. Excitatory responses consisted of multiple, precisely timed (± 1 ms) spikes. Most peristimulus time histograms (PSTHs) (69%) showed an early (5–10 ms) and a late (13–26 ms) excitatory component, with each component consisting of a single PSTH peak. In some PSTHs the early component was a double peak (< 4 ms interval). In others, only one, early or late, PSTH peak was observed. The excitatory components were followed by a silent period (28–69 ms latency), the duration of which (13–200 ms) varied with response amplitude. In single cells, response profiles changed with stimulus location. In simultaneously recorded cells, evoked profiles differed for identical stimuli. Differences in RF size between early ‘double’ and ‘single’ peaks suggested that they resulted from direct mossy fibre and parallel fibre input, respectively. Late PSTH peaks were assumed to reflect corticopontine activation.