Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Protective Effect of Metformin on Doxorubicin-induced Protective Effect of Metformin on Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy in the Adult Male Albino Rats (Light and Electron Cardiomyopathy in the Adult Male Albino Rats (Light and Electron Microscopic Study) Microscopic Study)

Background: Cancer is considered as the leading cause of death in the majority of countries all over the world. Doxorubicin belongs to anthracycline group and is widely used in cancer treatment, but cardiotoxicity is one of its serious adverse effects. Metformin, a well-known anti-diabetic drug, has cardioprotective effects and thought to protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Objective: to reveal the histological and biochemical alterations in the myocardium of rats treated with doxorubicin, and to explore the impact of metformin co-treatment. Material and methods: The study was done at the Animal House, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University between July and September 2020. Sixty adult male albino rats were used (equally divided into 5 groups); group I: given 1ml normal saline orally every day, and also injected intraperitoneally by 1ml saline every other day for 12 days; group II: given 250 mg/kg/day of metformin orally for 12 days; group III: given 3 mg/kg of doxorubicin intraperitoneally every other day for 12 days; group IV: given 250 mg/kg/day of metformin orally and 3 mg/kg of doxorubicin intraperitoneally every other day for 12 days; group V: given 3 mg/kg of doxorubicin intraperitoneally every other day for 12 days, then left 2 months for observation from the last dose. Then, the animals were anesthetized and tissues of heart were proceeded and microscopically examined. Also, blood samples were taken for biochemical investigation. Results: In doxorubicin group, there were severe histological changes and biochemical results showed highly elevated cardiac enzymes. These results were significantly improved in metformin co-treatment and minimally improved in withdrawal group. Conclusion: This study revealed that metformin might have a protective effect against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Risk Mapping Analysis With Geographic Information Systems for Landslides Using Supply Chain

Among the various natural disasters, landslides are considered to be one of the serious geological hazards that are triggered due to intensive rainfall, earthquakes, deforestation, mining, floods, etc. Landslides result in devastating impacts causes thousands of deaths and injuries, damage to properties. The changing pattern of landslide hazard zones every year forces the need to safeguard people and properties in the respective areas. Weighted linear combination (WLC) is used to prepare the landslide hazard zonation map in the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu, India. Nine layers, namely slope, aspect, lineament density, rainfall, distance of roads, elevation, distance from rivers, landuse/landcover, geology, are used in overlay analysis. Supply chain facilities are widely used in the field of transportation of goods to the consumers with the reduction of transportation costs. The implementation of supply chain mechanism along with GIS in disaster management could help to save numerous lives during disaster events.
Transient Variability of the Miocene Antarctic Ice Sheet Smaller Than Equilibrium Differences

During the early to mid‐Miocene, benthic δ18O records indicate large ice volume fluctuations of the Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) on multiple timescales. Hitherto, research has mainly focused on how CO2 and insolation changes control an equilibrated AIS. However, transient AIS dynamics remain largely unexplored. Here, we study Miocene AIS variability, using an ice sheet‐shelf model forced by climate model output with various CO2 levels and orbital conditions. Besides equilibrium simulations, we conduct transient experiments, gradually changing the forcing climate state over time. We show that transient AIS variability is substantially smaller than equilibrium differences. This reduces the contribution of the AIS to δ18O fluctuations by more than two thirds on a 40‐kyr timescale, hence requiring a larger contribution by deep‐sea‐temperature variability. The growth rates are much slower than the decay rates, which ensures variability around a preferred small state. Finally, if the bedrock topography enlarges the West Antarctic land surface, AIS self‐sustenance increases.
Relative Contributions of Atmospheric Energy Transport and Sea Ice Loss to the Recent Warm Arctic Winter

AbstractThe relative contributions of atmospheric energy transport (via heat and moisture advection) and sea ice decline to recent Arctic warming were investigated using high-resolution reanalysis data up to 2017. During the Arctic winter, a variation of downward longwave radiation (DLR) is fundamental in modulating Arctic surface temperature. In the warm Arctic winter, DLR and precipitable water (PW) are increasing over the entire Arctic; however, the major drivers for such increases differ regionally. In areas such as the northern Greenland Sea, increasing DLR and PW are caused mainly by convergence of atmospheric energy transport from lower latitudes. In regions of maximum sea ice retreat (e.g., northern Barents–Kara Seas), continued sea ice melting from previous seasons drive the DLR and PW increases, consistent with the positive ice–insulation feedback. Distinct local feedbacks between open water and ice-retreat regions were further compared. In open water regions, a reduced ocean–atmosphere temperat.
Chromosome association and chiasma frequency of cultivated wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) in Bangladesh

Chiasma frequency estimation is usually considered a good indicator for genetic recombinations in a population, especially in polyploid organisms like hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). The hexaploid wheat is functional as diploid with 21 bivalents (21 II), indicating the chromosome number 2n=6x=42. The aim of this study is to identify chromosome association and chiasma frequencies of seventeen cultivated wheat varieties in Bangladesh. Chiasma distribution and its frequencies were studied by using pollen mother cells (PMCs). Data were recorded from diakinesis and metaphase-I of meiotic-I cell division. Mean chiasma frequency per cell and per bivalent were varied in studied varieties which ranged from 40.28 to 40.87 and 1.92 to 1.95 in Sonora-64 and Barkat, respectively. The percentages of ring bivalent were extensively more than rod bivalent in all of the studied varieties. From our observation, it can be stated that chiasma distribution and its frequency varied marginally in seventeen commonly cultivated wheat varieties of Bangladesh. From this observation, it can be stated that commonly cultivated wheat varieties of Bangladesh are closely related to their primary genepool and it is possible to improve those varieties crossing with different genepool imported from other countries.
Fashionpedia-Taste A Dataset towards Explaining Human Fashion Taste

but also provide the explaination from the following 3 perspectives: localized attributes (task 2), human attention (task 3), and caption (task 4); (b) Visual preference bias: even two subjects like a same dress, they can like this dress for totally different reasons (task 2). Similarly, even two subjects like same area of this dress, they can like this area for different reasons (task 3&4). Abstract Existing fashion datasets don’t consider the multi-facts that cause a consumer to like or dislike a fashion image. Even two consumers like a same fashion image, they could like this image for total different reasons. In this paper, we study the reason why a consumer like a certain fashion image. Towards this goal, we introduce an interpretability dataset, Fashionpedia-taste, consist of rich annotation to explain why a subject like or dislike a fashion image from the following 3 perspectives: 1) localized attributes; 2) human attention; 3) caption. Furthermore, subjects are asked to provide their personal attributes and preference on fashion, such as personality and preferred fashion brands. Our dataset makes it possible for researchers to build computational models to fully understand and interpret consumers’ fashion taste from different humanistic perspectives and modalities. Fashionpedia-taste is available at: 1
Interplay between Physical Layer Security and Blockchain Technology for 5G and Beyond: A Comprehensive Survey

Fifth-generation and beyond (5G and xG) wireless networks are envisioned to meet the requirements of vertical applications like high traﬃc throughput, ultra-massive connectivity, extremely low latency, and high quality of service. Disruptive technologies, such as massive multiple-input multiple-output, millimeter wave
Exploring climate stabilisation at different global warming levels in ACCESS-ESM-1.5

Under the Paris Agreement, signatory nations aim to keep global warming well below 2°C above pre-industrial 15 levels and preferably below 1.5°C. This implicitly requires achieving net-zero or net-negative greenhouse gas emissions to ensure long-term global temperature stabilisation or reduction. Despite this requirement, there have been few analyses of stabilised climates and there is a lack of model experiments to address our need for understanding the implications of the Paris Agreement. Here, we describe a new set of experiments using the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator earth system model (ACCESS-ESM-1.5) that enables analysis of climate evolution under net-zero emissions
Multivariate Analysis for Assessing Sources, and Potential Risks of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Lisbon Urban Soils

Urban soils quality may be severely affected by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination, as is the case of Lisbon (Portugal). However, to conduct a risk assessment analysis in an urban area can be a very difficult task due to the patchy nature and heterogeneity of these soils. Thus, the present study aims to provide an example on how to perform the first tier of a risk assessment plan in the case of urban soils using a simpler, cost effective, and reliable framework. Thus, a study was conducted in Lisbon to assess the levels of PAH, their potential risks to the environment and human health, and to identify their major sources. Source apportionment was performed by studying PAHs profiles, their relationship with potentially toxic elements, and general characteristics of soil using multivariate statistical methods. Results showed that geostatistical tools are useful for evaluating the spatial distribution and major inputs of PAHs in urban soils, as well as to identify areas of potential concern, showing their usefulness in risk assessment analysis and urban planning. Particularly, the prediction maps obtained allowed for a clear identification of areas with the highest levels of PAHs (close to the airport and in the city center). The high concentrations found in soils from the city center should be a result of long-term accumulation due to diffuse pollution mostly from traffic (through atmospheric emissions, tire debris and fuel exhaust, as well as pavement debris). Indeed, most of the sites sampled in the city center were historical gardens and parks. The calculation of potential risks based on different models showed that there is a high discrepancy among guidelines, and that risks will be extremely associated with the endpoint or parameters used in the different models. Nevertheless, this initial approach based on total levels was useful for identifying areas where a more detailed risk assessment is needed (close to the airport and in the city center). Therefore, the use of prediction maps can be very useful for urban planning, for example, by crossing information obtained with land uses, it is possible to define the most problematic areas (e.g., playgrounds and schools).
initialization schemes for real-time 3D camera tracking using image sequences

— 3D camera tracking is an important issue for many kinds of applications such as augmented reality and robotics navigation. When image sequences are used, tracking needs to be initialized by matching 2D data extracted from images with 3D data representing a priori knowledge of the world. However, this process is difficult and the accuracy of the pose estimation strongly depends on the accuracy of the previous matching step. In this paper, we present two original approaches that achieve a 2D/3D points-based matching in order to initialize the 3D camera tracking. The first one is semi-automatic and requires the intervention of the user. The second one is completely automatic. Both approaches are based on SURF descriptors, which have the advantages of being fast and robust against outliers. A description of these two approaches is given and results obtained from experiments performed on real data are exposed and discussed.
Low-voltage AC series arc fault detection based on Fisher-mutual information feature selection

The detection of multi-feature fusion is a crucial approach to address the issue of series arc fault detection. Effective feature selection plays a vital role in enhancing the accuracy of the classi ﬁ er and reducing system complexity. In this study, a feature selection algorithm based on Fisher-mutual information is proposed to tackle the problem of feature selection in multi-feature fusion detection. This algorithm utilizes the characteristics of arc fault voltage source to construct a feature pool. The Fisher-score algorithm and mutual information algorithm are employed to construct an optimal feature subset. The feature subset undergoes rough selection by retaining key features of the classi ﬁ er and ﬁ ne selection by eliminating redundant features. Experimental results and comparisons with related methods demonstrate that the proposed feature selection method signi ﬁ cantly enhances the classi ﬁ er ’ s recognition accuracy, reduces classi ﬁ cation and recognition time, diminishes the feature dimension, and outperforms other existing methods.
A Cost-Eﬀective Compensation Hardware Solution for Electrical Current Fluctuations in Electrical Impedance Tomography Systems

In electrical impedance tomography (EIT) systems, various current sources were designed to deliver constant electrical current towards the electrodes, irrespective of the conductivity of the conductive medium under test. This, however, is not possible to achieve in practice since the water conductivity ranges from 5 S/m for sea water down-to 5.5 x10 -6 and 5 x 10 -3 S/m for pure and drinking water respectively which are substantially low values [1]. Thus, even in case of high water-cut ﬂuid, unless the water is very salty, the usage of such current sources may not be appropriate and their substitution with an electrical capacitance tomography system or a dielectric measurement sensor may be required. Indeed, even if the conductivity of the medium is known and high, the gross conductivity formed between a given pair of electrodes depend heavily on the phase’s distribution pattern between them and can be excessively low, causing high electric current ﬂuctuations. One of the contributions of this paper is to experimentally assess the eﬀect of the electrical current ﬂuctuations on the accuracy of the EIT image reconstruction using three diﬀerent cutting-edge and most widely current sources designs. To the authors’ best knowledge, this study is the ﬁrst of its kind as all other prior works assume that the electrical current is constant in the formulation of the EIT forward and inverse problems. The paper also suggests a new cost-eﬀective measurement circuit design that overcomes the ﬂuctuations. It continuously measures the electrical current consumed during every single excitation cycle using a very high-speed analog-to-digital (ADC) converter, interfaced with Cyclone V ﬁeld program gate array (FPGA), to compensate for the associate voltage readings accordingly during the image reconstruction procedure. The assessment of the system was conducted experimentally, and the results were compared with those provided by the three current sources. The associated results show the higher accuracy of the suggested design, when using Gauss Newton (GN) method, in terms of mean-squared error, which was decreased by 75%, and the image correlation coeﬃcient as well.
Composition and distribution of aquatic Coleoptera (Insecta) in low-order streams in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: influence of environmental factors.

: Composition and distribution of aquatic Coleoptera (Insecta) in low-order streams in the State of São Paulo, Brazil: Influence of environmental factors. A comparative study of the coleopteran fauna in low-order streams was carried out within six Conservation Units in São Paulo State, Brazil, in order to make an inventory and assess environmental influences. Twenty streams were sampled, between May and October 2005, with a Surber sampler. Some abiotic factors, such as temperature, stream velocity, electrical conductivity, pH and dissolved oxygen, were recorded at each collection site. Examination of 1,506 specimens of Coleoptera revealed 43 genera distributed in 13 families, one of these (Elmidae) representing 83.47% of all specimens. The abiotic data for the various streams were compared by principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was employed to verify the influence of environmental variables on species composition and abundance in the sampled streams. The environmental variables indicated various differences among the streams and the distribution of coleopteran species in the streams was best explained by water temperatures and deforestation. Environmental and spatial variables jointly contributed with 20% to explain the variance in assemblage structure, so that the collection of sites analyzed here present low variation, and can be used as reference sites in biomonitoring programmes.
Numerical simulation of active heat injection near an earth-concrete dam interface for the identification of anomalous seepage

Active heat injection and temperature monitoring are methods that may be useful for the detection of anomalous seepage in embankment dams. The main objectives of this research were to investigate, using numerical simulation, the feasibility of using active heat injection and distributed temperature monitoring to identify anomalous seepage at the interface between earth embankments and concrete structures, and to quantify seepage rates for a hypothetical zone of enhanced permeability at the clay core-concrete interface. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed to simulate the injection of heat into a vertical borehole drilled within concrete with an orientation parallel to the clay core-concrete interface. Anomalous seepage at the interface was created by increasing the permeability in a 3 m thick zone and imposing a range of hydraulic gradients. For a borehole-interface separation distance of 1.5 m, the maximum temperature deviations within the heat injection borehole, due to the anomalous seepage, are less than 0.6°C. For borehole-interface separation distances of 1.0 m and 0.5 m, the simulations reveal deviations in the range of l.0-5.1°C during the heat injection phase, and less than l . 2°C during the cooling phase. The temperature deviations are simulated to be less than l.0°C at a temperature monitoring borehole located 1.0 m down gradient of the heat injection location for the borehole-interface separation distances of 1.5 m and 1.0 m. These findings suggest that the heat injection and monitoring boreholes would need to be located less than 1.0 m from the interface to ensure maximum temperature deviations of l . 0°C or greater. Provided the heat injection location is within 1.0 m of the interface, it is concluded that interpretation of temperature data collected prior, during, and following heat injection should enable the identification of anomalous seepage zones.
The ocean’s biological and preformed carbon pumps in future steady-state climate scenarios

The future of the marine carbon cycle is vitally important for climate and the fertility of the oceans. However, predictions of future biogeochemistry are challenging because a myriad of processes needs parameterization and the future evolution of the physical ocean state is uncertain. Here, we embed a data-constrained model of the carbon cycle in steady circulations that correspond to perpetual 2090s conditions as simulated for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Focusing on steady-state changes from preindustrial conditions allows us to capture the response of the system on all timescales, not just 5 on the sub-centennial timescales of typical transient simulations. We find that biological production experiences only modest declines because the reduced nutrient supply by a more sluggish future circulation is counteracted by warming-stimulated growth. Organic-matter export declines by 15–25 % due to reductions in both biological production and export ratios, the latter driven by warming-accelerated shallow respiration and reduced subduction of dissolved organic matter. The future biological pump cycles a 30–70 % larger regenerated inventory accumulated over longer sequestration times, while preformed DIC is 10 shunted away from biological utilization to outgassing. We develop a conceptually new partitioning of preformed DIC to quantify the ocean’s preformed carbon pump and its future changes. Near-surface paths of preformed DIC become more important in the future as weakened ventilation isolates the deep ocean. Thus, while regenerated DIC cycling becomes slower in the future, preformed DIC cycling speeds up for inventory changes of similar magnitude.
A Study of GDPR Compliance under the Transparency and Consent Framework

This paper presents a study of GDPR compliance under the Interactive Advertising Bureau Europe’s Transparency and Consent Framework (TCF). This framework provides digital advertising market participants a standard for sharing users’ privacy consent choices. TCF is widely used across the Internet, and this paper presents a thorough experimental evaluation of both the compliance of web-sites with TCF and its impact on user privacy. We reviewed 2,230 websites that use TCF and accepted the automatic decline of user consent by our data collection system. Unlike previous work on GDPR compliance, we found that most websites using TCF properly record the user’s consent choice. However, we found that 72.8% of the websites that were TCF compliant claimed legitimate interest as a rationale for overriding the consent choice. While legitimate interest is legal under GDPR, previous studies have shown that most users disagreed with how it is being used to collect data. Additionally, analysis of cookies set to the browsers indicates that TCF may not fully protect user privacy even when websites are compliant. Our research provides regulators and publishers with a data collection and analysis system to monitor compliance, detect non-compliance, and examine questionable practices of circumventing user consent choices using legitimate interest.
World Journal of Gastroenterology

With continuous population and economic growth in the 21 st century, plastic pollution is a major global issue. However, the health concern of microplastics/ nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) decomposed from plastic wastes has drawn public attention only in the recent decade. This article summarizes recent works dedicated to understanding the impact of MPs/NPs on the liver-the largest digestive organ, which is one of the primary routes that MPs/NPs enter human bodies. The interrelated mechanisms including oxidative stress, hepatocyte energy re-distribution, cell death and autophagy, as well as immune responses and inflammation, were also featured. In addition, the disturbance of microbiome