Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving Spectral Resolution of a Stationary Signal Using Singular Value Decomposition

A new approach to detecting Periodic Components with random phases of stationary time series corrupted by random componentis considered. The approach is based on usage of the new time series, which is the union of the principal singularvectors of the data matrix of the original time series. The approach allows significant improvement of resolving capacity for allexisted method of pseudospectra estimation. The comparative examples, illustrated practical efficiency of the approach areconsidered.
Hydrogen in the Spectrum of SN 1990M: No More?

The detection of hydrogen in the spectra of Type Ia supernovae is matter of recurrent debates, in that it could provide an important constraint on the nature of the progenitors. Currently, the most “robust” evidence for hydrogen in spectra of Type Ia supernovae is given by an Hα absorption line measured by Polcaro & Viotti in an early stage spectrum of SN 1990M. Through the analysis of an unpublished spectrum of this object, obtained with the 1.52 m ESO telescope one day after the SN discovery, we show that the claimed Hα detection is originated by an observational bias. Once the subtraction of the parent galaxy background is properly done, no evidence for an Hα absorption is found in the spectrum of SN 1990M. We set a rough upper limit of to the hydrogen abundance in the supernova atmosphere of H/Si ≤ 2 × 10-6.
MODELLING POTENTIAL DENSITY LIMITING SURVIVAL, STAND DENSITY AND BASAL AREA GROWTH FOR PURE EVEN-AGED DALBERGIA SISSOO STANDS IN A HOT ARID REGION OF INDIA

ABSTRACT Growth modelling is an essential pre-requisite for evaluating the consequences of a particular management action on the future development of a forest ecosystem. Such growth models are not yet available for many indigenous tree species in India. Dalbergia sissoo is an important timber species found in India and growth models are required for its effective management in the region. This paper presents equations for estimating the potential stand density limiting tree survival and for modelling the mean stand density in pure even-aged stands of Dalbergia sissoo. Two different models were investigated for estimating mortality in stem numbers in the stands. This paper also compares seven different stand level models for projecting basal area development. The models tested belong to the path invariant algebraic difference form of a non-linear growth function. They can be used to predict future basal area as a function of stand variables like dominant height and stem number per hectare, and are crucial for evaluating different silvicultural treatment options. The performance of the models was evaluated using different statistical criteria. The model proposed by Pienaar and Shiver performed best and hence this model is recommended for use in projecting basal area development in Dalbergia sissoo stands in the study area.
Assessing the Vegetation Condition Impacts of the 2011 Drought across the U.S. Southern Great Plains Using the Vegetation Drought Response Index (VegDRI)

AbstractThe vegetation drought response index (VegDRI), which combines traditional climate- and satellite-based approaches for assessing vegetation conditions, offers new insights into assessing the impacts of drought from local to regional scales. In 2011, the U.S. southern Great Plains, which includes Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico, was plagued by moderate to extreme drought that was intensified by an extended period of record-breaking heat. The 2011 drought presented an ideal case study to evaluate the performance of VegDRI in characterizing developing drought conditions. Assessment of the spatiotemporal drought patterns represented in the VegDRI maps showed that the severity and patterns of the drought across the region corresponded well to the record warm temperatures and much-below-normal precipitation reported by the National Climatic Data Center and the sectoral drought impacts documented by the Drought Impact Reporter (DIR). VegDRI values and maps also showed the evolution of the drought signal .
A Variational Approach to Multi-Parameter Eigenvalue Problems in Hilbert Space

Let $T_r $ and $V_{rs} $ be self-adjoint linear operators on Hilbert spaces $H_r $, $1 \leqq r \leqq k$. Assuming that $T_r $ have compact resolvents and $V_{rs} $ are bounded, we use standard variational characterizations of eigenvalues to treat the multiparameter case $(T_r + \sum_{s = 1}^k {\lambda _s V_{rs} } )x_r = 0$, $1 \leqq r \leqq k$. In particular we establish existence of a “purely point spectrum” satisfying cone monotonicity conditions in $\mathbb{R}^k $. We prove continuous, monotonic and Lipschitz parametric dependence theorems, and we examine $\mathbb{R}^k $-valued generalized Rayleigh quotients. In particular, we interpret the (not necessarily closed) convex hull of the spectrum as the “vectorial range” of these quotients.
Comparison of control and quality of bone cutting by using optical topographical imaging guided mechanical drill and 1070 nm laser with in-line coherent imaging

Precision depth control of bone resection is necessary for safe surgical procedures in the spine. In this paper, we compare the control and quality of cutting bovine tail bone, as an ex vivo model of laminectomy and bony resection simulating spinal surgery, planned with micro-CT data and executed using two approaches: (a) mechanical milling guided by optical topographical imaging (OTI) and (b) optical milling using closed-loop inline coherent imaging (ICI) to monitor and control the incision depth of a high-power 1070 nm fiber laser in situ. OTI provides the in situ topology of the 2-dimensional surface of the bone orientation in the mechanical mill which is registered with the treatment plan derived from the micro-CT data. The coregistration allows the plan to be programmed into the mill which is then used as a benchmark of current surgical techniques. For laser cutting, 3D optical land marking with coaxial camera vision and the ICI system is used to coregister the treatment plan. The unstable, carbonization-mediated ablation behaviour of 1070 nm light and the unknown initial geometry of bone leads to unpredictable ablation which substantially limits the depth accuracy of open-loop cutting. However, even with such a non-ideal cutting laser, we demonstrate that ICI provides in situ high-speed feedback that automatically and accurately limits the laser’s cut depth to effectively create an all-optical analogue to the mechanical mill.
Ultradiscretization without positivity

We present a new ultradiscretization approach which can be applied to discrete systems, the solutions of which are not positive definite. This was made possible, thanks to an ansatz involving the hyperbolic-sine function. We apply this new procedure to simple mappings. For the linear and homographic mappings, we obtain ultradiscrete forms and explicitly construct their solutions. Two discrete Painlevé II equations are also analysed and ultradiscretized. We show how to construct the ultradiscrete analogues of their rational and Airy-type solutions.
Cost-effective instrumentation for quantitative depth measurement of optic nerve head using stereo fundus image pair and image cross correlation techniques

One of the main problems with glaucoma throughout the world is that there are typically no symptoms in the early stages. Many people who have the disease do not know they have it and by the time one finds out, the disease is usually in an advanced stage. Most retinal cameras available in the market today use sophisticated optics and have several other features/capabilities (wide-angle optics, red-free and angiography filters, etc) that make them expensive for the general practice or for screening purposes. Therefore, it is important to develop instrumentation that is fast, effective and economic, in order to reach the mass public in the general eye-care centers. In this work, we have constructed the hardware and software of a cost-effective and non-mydriatic prototype device that allows fast capturing and plotting of high-resolution quantitative 3D images and videos of the optical disc head and neighboring region (30° of field of view). The main application of this device is for glaucoma screening, although it may also be useful for the diagnosis of other pathologies related to the optic nerve.
Bifurcation theory of the transition to collisionless ion-temperature-gradient-driven plasma turbulence

The collisionless limit of the transition to ion-temperature-gradient-driven plasma turbulence is considered with a dynamical-systems approach. The importance of systematic analysis for understanding the differences in the bifurcations and dynamics of linearly damped and undamped systems is emphasized. A model with ten degrees of freedom is studied as a concrete example. A four-dimensional center manifold (CM) is analyzed, and fixed points of its dynamics are identified and used to predict a “Dimits shift” of the threshold for turbulence due to the excitation of zonal flows. The exact value of that shift in terms of physical parameters is established for the model; the effects of higher-order truncations on the dynamics are noted. Multiple-scale analysis of the CM equations is used to discuss possible effects of modulational instability on scenarios for the transition to turbulence in both collisional and collisionless cases.
ON THE METHOD OF VIRTUAL POWER IN CONTINUUM MECHANICS

The method of virtual power is generally used to produce balance equations for nontraditional continua such as continua with various types of microstructure. Here I show that the expression of the internal power can be deduced from that of the external power using a general invariance requirement due to Noll and a generalized version of Cauchy’s tetrahedron theorem. In other words, the measures of deformation and stress, as well as the balance equations, are determined by the expression chosen for the external power and by the invariance assumptions. A pair of examples taken from the literature shows that both ingredients are essential for defining a specific class of continua.
Accelerating Data Serialization/Deserialization Protocols with In-Network Compute

Efficient data communication is a major goal for scalable and cost-effective use of datacenter and HPC system resources. To let applications communicate efficiently, exchanged data must be serialized at the source and deserialized at the destination. The serialization/deserialization process enables exchanging data in a language- and machine-independent format. However, serialization/deserialization overheads can negatively impact application performance. For example, a server within a microservice framework must deserialize all incoming requests before invoking the respective microservices. We show how data deserialization can be offloaded to fully programmable Smart-NICs and performed on the data path, on a per-packet basis. This solution avoids intermediate memory copies, enabling on-the-fly deserialization. We showcase our approach by offloading Google Protocol Buffers, a widely used framework to serialize/deserialize data. Our evaluation demonstrates that, by offloading data deserialization to the NIC, we can achieve up to $4. 8\mathrm{x}$ higher throughput than a single AMD Ryzen 7 CPU. We then show through microservice throughput modeling how we can improve the overall throughput by pipelining the deserialization and actual application activities with PsPIN.
Identification of the Subtypes of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Based on Pyroptosis-Related Genes

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) often occurs in the process of kidney transplantation, which significantly impacts the subsequent treatment and prognosis of patients. The prognosis of patients with different subtypes of IRI is quite different. Therefore, in this paper, the gene expression data of multiple IRI samples were downloaded from the GEO database, and a double Laplacian orthogonal non-negative matrix factorization (DL-ONMF) algorithm was proposed to classify them. In this algorithm, various regularization constraints are added based on the non-negative matrix factorization algorithm, and the prior information is fused into the algorithm from different perspectives. The connectivity information between different samples and features is added to the algorithm by Laplacian regularization constraints on samples and features. In addition, orthogonality constraints on the basis matrix and coefficient matrix obtained by the algorithm decomposition are added to reduce the influence of redundant samples and redundant features on the results. Based on the DL-ONMF algorithm for clustering, two PRGs-related IRI isoforms were obtained in this paper. The results of immunoassays showed that the immune microenvironment was different among PRGS-related IRI types. Based on the differentially expressed PRGs between subtypes, we used LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms to construct a diagnostic model related to renal transplantation. ROC analysis showed that the diagnostic model could predict the outcome of renal transplant patients with high accuracy. In conclusion, this paper presents an algorithm, DL-ONMF, which can identify subtypes with different disease characteristics. Comprehensive bioinformatic analysis showed that pyroptosis might affect the outcome of kidney transplantation by participating in the immune response of IRI.
Decolonial Feminism and Practices of Resistance to Sustain Life: Experiences of Women Social Workers Implementing Mental Health Programmes in Chile

Feminisms have had a significant impact on social work discussions in Latin America in recent decades. However, the gap between academic discussions and professional practice remains wide. Based on a qualitative study that included 69 semi-structured interviews with social workers in Chile, in this article, we focus the analysis on the experiences of women social workers implementing mental health programmes. These are women – professionals facing extremely precarious working conditions – who work with other women who, while below the poverty line, are users of state health policy. The findings suggest that in these highly precarious spaces, the division between professional and the user is blurred, producing what feminist philosopher María Lugones calls ‘liminal space’. Professionals and users establish alliances and practices of resistance from that liminal space to challenge the oppressions they experience. Drawing upon a decolonial feminist perspective, we identify challenges for social work such as problematising professional bonds, incorporating structural readings of precariousness and feminised resistance, and repositioning the value of frontline social workers’ and users’ knowledge. We can learn from these women's experiences that question the deepest foundations of colonial and patriarchal capitalism still present in training and professional practice.
An experimental investigation of the propagation of a compact toroid along curved drift tubes

Compact toroid (CT) injection is a viable technology for fuelling large tokamak reactors in the future. Experimental demonstration of CT injection has thus far been conducted using horizontal injection in the midplane of tokamak devices. However, recent analyses indicate adverse effects of the toroidal magnetic field on CT injection. In order to avoid these adverse effects, the CT would need to be injectable in any direction. We have therefore devised a curved drift tube to change the direction of CT propagation and have experimentally demonstrated its efficacy. It has been observed that a CT can be transported smoothly through curved drift tubes with 45° and 90° bends without any appreciable change in the CT parameters. The magnetic field, electron density and speed of CTs transported through both 45° and 90° bends are similar to those observed in a linear drift tube.
Numerical Simulation of Orifice Cavitating Flows Using Two-Fluid and Three-Fluid Cavitation Models

A number of numerical simulations is carried out to study the turbulent cavitating flow through an orifice. We use two different two-fluid (consisting of two interpenetrating liquid and vapor phases) and three-fluid (consisting of three liquid, vapor, and non-condensable gas phases) cavitation models to extend our study. We use the finite-volume method to solve the multiphase flow governing equations, the SIMPLEC algorithm to link the pressure and velocity equations, and the standard k-ϵ model to treat the turbulence closure problem. We fix the outlet pressure and change the inlet pressure suitably in our simulations. The discharge coefficient values obtained by the two chosen models are compared with each other and those of other reliable experimental and numerical works. The current study shows that there can be considerable differences between the results of two models in describing the inception of cavitations and their resulting vapor volume fraction and velocity distributions in the orifice. Generally, our results show that the three-fluid model provides better accuracy and physics. The current achievement resembles the importance of non-condensable gas consideration in improving the accuracy of numerical results for the orifice cavitating flow study.
SMA imaging of the masers in MWC349A

Abstract In September 2004 and September 2005 we used the Submillimeter Array (SMA) to map the distribution of hydrogen recombination line (HRL) maser spots that originate in the envelope of the peculiar star MWC349A. We measured positions in the line over a 100 km/s velocity range with 1 km/s spectral resolution. Relative angular position was estimated to an accuracy of about 0.01 arcseconds. The H30α maser components can be tracked continuously in frequency between the red- and blue-shifted peaks of the spectrum. The masers appear to trace a nearly edge-on disk-like structure. The position-velocity relationship is quite remarkable, and reminiscent of that of NCG4258. However, the “wings” in the PV relation are too steep for a simple Keplerian prescription to be correct. We present our data, and suggest a simple model to account for the steep wings.
Study on the Swelling Characteristics of the Offshore Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoir

The swelling characteristics of porous media in the offshore natural gas hydrate reservoir have an important effect on the stability of the reservoir. In this work, the physical property and the swelling of porous media in the offshore natural gas hydrate reservoir were measured. The results show that the swelling characteristics of the offshore natural gas hydrate reservoir are influenced by the coupling of the montmorillonite content and the salt ion concentration. The swelling rate of porous media is directly proportionate to water content and the initial porosity, and inversely proportionate to salinity. Compared with water content and salinity, the initial porosity has much obvious influence on the swelling, which the swelling strain of porous media with the initial porosity of 30% is three times more than that of montmorillonite with the initial porosity of 60%. Salt ions mainly affect the swelling of water bound by porous media. Then, the influence mechanism of the swelling characteristics of porous media on the structural characteristics of reservoir was tentatively explored. It can provide a basic date and scientific basis for furthering the mechanical characteristics of the reservoir in the hydrate exploitation in the offshore gas hydrate reservoir.
Satellite and correlative measurements of the stratospheric aerosol. II Comparison of measurements made by SAM II, dustsondes and airborne lidar

Abstract We show results from the first set of measurements conducted to validate extinction data from the satellite sensor SAM II. Dustsonde-measured number density profiles and lidar-measured backscattering profiles for two days are converted to extinction profiles using the optical modeling techniques described in the companion Paper I (Russell et al., 1981). At heights ∼2 km and more above the tropopause, the dustsonde data are used to restrict the range of model size distributions, thus reducing uncertainties in the conversion process. At all heights, measurement uncertainties for each sensor are evaluated, and these are combined with conversion uncertainties to yield the total uncertainty in derived data profiles. The SAM II measured, dustsonde-inferred, and lidar-inferred extinction profiles for both days are shown to agree within their respective uncertainties at all heights above the tropopause. Near the tropopause, this agreement depends on the use of model size distributions with more relativel.
The Two Sides of Community Political Conservatism and CSR: Exploring the role of community social connectedness

Despite decades of globalization, organization studies have consistently found evidence of community influences on firm behavior. In this study, we develop and test a nuanced theory on the relationship between community political conservatism and corporate social responsibility engagement by integrating social capital theory and the logic of appropriateness. We demonstrate that the influence of community political conservatism is contingent upon two types of community social capital: interfirm and cooperative social connectedness. These two types of social connectedness elicit the manifestation of two different aspects from community political conservatism: free-market and community orientations. While interfirm social connectedness enhances the negative relationship between community political conservatism and corporate social responsibility engagement, cooperative social connectedness weakens it.
Poly-L-Lysine to Fight Antibiotic Resistances of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major hospital-associated pathogen that can cause severe infections, most notably in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) or those hospitalized in intensive care units. Given its remarkable ability to resist antibiotics, P. aeruginosa eradication has grown more challenging. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover and develop new strategies that can counteract P. aeruginosa-resistant strains. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of poly-L-lysine (pLK) in combination with commonly used antibiotics as an alternative treatment option against P. aeruginosa. First, we demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy that pLK alters the integrity of the surface membrane of P. aeruginosa. We also showed using a fluorometry test that this results in an enhanced permeability of the bacteria membrane. Based on these data, we further evaluated the effect of the combinations of pLK with imipenem, ceftazidime, or aztreonam using the broth microdilution method in vitro. We found synergies in terms of bactericidal effects against either sensitive or resistant P. aeruginosa strains, with a reduction in bacterial growth (up to 5-log10 compared to the control). Similarly, these synergistic and bactericidal effects were confirmed ex vivo using a 3D model of human primary bronchial epithelial cells maintained in an air–liquid interface. In conclusion, pLK could be an innovative antipseudomonal molecule, opening its application as an adjuvant antibiotherapy against drug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains.