Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COMPARISION OF ROUTING ALGORITHMS IMPLEMENTED FOR STREAMING APPLICATIONS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Wireless sensor network applications require tiny sized sensors with short transmission communication or signaling range which reduce the chances of detection. These size constraints cause limitations on CPU speed, amount of memory, RF bandwidth and battery lifetime. And therefore, efficient communication techniques are essential for increasing the lifetime and quality of data collection and decreasing the communication latency of such wireless devices. In this paper, the performance of a Quality of serviced based routing scheme (QUES) is compared with other existing algorithms and it is proved that QUES algorithm performs better than other existing routing algorithms namely SPIN, PEGASIS and WEED by transmitting different types of movie for experiment. The test results show that QUES algorithm performs better related to the parameters bandwidth, delay, error rate, and percentage of data loss, Connection establishment time and the number of hops used in the communication path.
Hearing But Not Listening: The Local Government Review Process

This article presents a study of the local government review process in West Sussex. As in any local government reorganization the career and status concerns of individuals and broader positions of coalitions dominant in different organizations provide the dynamic to a ‘play of power’ which is in turn conditioned by external events and contextual factors. Underlying the analysis is a concern to assess whether in particular the presence of an independent commission facilitated the application of an element of policy analysis and learning into the process. It is concluded that little in the way of a reflective and deliberative process occurred. Equally it is noted that to achieve such qualities in public decision-making is a challenging and daunting task when major organizational interests are at stake.
Nature tourists’ response to ecolabels in Oulanka PAN Park, Finland

As the awareness of environmental problems caused by tourism has increased, various international initiatives, ecolabels and certification programmes, such as Protected Area Network (PAN) Parks in Europe, have been introduced to promote sustainable tourism. This paper examines nature tourists’ environmental values and perceptions of ecolabels: (1) how familiar are tourists with tourism ecolabels and certifications, and how do they respond to them, (2) how are tourists’ environmental attitudes related to their beliefs on tourism ecolabels and travelling preferences and (3) how is tourists’ travelling behaviour related to their awareness of ecolabels and their environmental attitudes? The research material, 273 surveys, was collected with an onsite survey for visitors to PAN Parks-certified Oulanka National Park located in northeastern Finland. Despite the low awareness, tourists expressed a positive attitude towards ecolabels and certifications as they considered them necessary and wanted to have more information about them and to increase their visibility. Few differences were found with respect to environmental attitudes, travelling behaviour or demographic characteristics. Although real market benefits may not be created in the short run, the results support ecolabel development and highlight the need to combine performance (‘green’) and process (‘grey’) criteria in environmental certifications.
Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers in Pulsatilla vulgaris (Ranunculaceae) using next-generation sequencing

Premise of the study: We developed novel microsatellite markers for the perennial plant Pulsatilla vulgaris (Ranunculaceae) to investigate the effects of fragmentation on gene flow in this imperiled species. Methods and Results: We identified microsatellites and developed primers based on 454 shotgun sequences. We identified 14 markers that were polymorphic and produced clean bands. Of these, eight could be analyzed as diploids. Genotyping of 97 individuals across two populations revealed these markers to be highly polymorphic with seven to 17 alleles per locus and observed heterozygosity from 0.41 to 0.83. Conclusions: The markers are highly informative and will be used to test if the reintroduction of shepherding in southern Germany improves genetic connectivity among fragmented populations of P. vulgaris. The combination of diploid and tetraploid markers presented here will be useful in resolving the polyploidization history of this and related species.
Inflação, desemprego e choques cambiais: uma revisão da literatura sobre a curva de phillips no Brasil

Este estudo faz uma ampla revisao da literatura sobre a curva de Phillips no Brasil. De maneira geral, os resultados descritos na literatura nacional se mostraram muito sensiveis ao periodo analisado, ao conjunto de proxies adotadas, ao instrumental econometrico empregado, bem como a frequencia e ao numero de defasagens permitidas para as variaveis. Tais resultados lancam duvidas sobre a adequacao da curva de Phillips para descrever a dinâmica inflacionaria da economia brasileira. This article summarizes the studies about the Phillips curve in the Brazilian economy. Overall, the results are very sensitive to the time period, to the proxies adopted, to the econometric approach, and to the frequency and lags allowed to the variables. These results cast some doubts about the ability of the Phillips curve to describe the dynamics of inflation in the Brazilian economy.
Should Cheat Sheets be Used as Study Aids in Economics Tests

This paper reports an experiment that investigates the effectiveness of cheat sheets as study aids for economics tests. A cheat sheet is a piece of paper that students can write anything they want on and use during a test. I find that both preparing and using a cheat sheet improves students' test performance. Additionally, there is no evidence that students become over dependent on their cheat sheets for answers.
A modular high temperature measurement set-up for semiconductor device characterization

We demonstrate the capabilities of a high temperature measurement set-up recently developed at our institute. It is dedicated to the characterization of semiconductor devices and test structures in the temperature range from room temperature up to 500degC and higher. A detailed description of the experimental equipment is given. Its practical use is demonstrated by measuring temperature-dependent characteristics of silicon VDMOSFET and IGBT devices as well as SiC-diodes. For the silicon devices, numerical simulations based on recently developed high temperature physical models were also performed in order to gain a deeper understanding of the measured data, together with a revalidation of the model parameters.
Barriers for technology transfer: the case of a country in transition

Purpose – The main purpose of his paper is to identify key barriers for technology transfer (TT) in a transitional economy. Poland is presented as a case study, with an emphasis on domestic TT.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on the author's empirical studies, using a few research methods, like: a postal questionnaire, the Delphi method, online questionnaire and a statistical data analysis.Findings – In the period under analysis, no significant improvement occurred in the field of TT processes in Poland. The poor state of TT is due to the presence of numerous obstacles/barriers. According to empirical research, the most disturbing barriers facing the enterprise sector are: RD inefficient systems supporting corporate innovation and RD obstacles hindering firms in acquiring outside financial resources; a lack of own financial resources; and a lack of innovative culture and mentality among employees. The lack of re.
Reorganization of the somatosensory cortex after amputation of the index finger

CORTICAL reorganization occurs within the primary somatosensory and the primary motor cortex after amputation of the arm or forearm. Here we report on a patient showing cortical reorganization after amputation of his right index finger. Our findings indicate that the neural networks within the area of the amputated finger in the somatosensory cortex (SI) were invaded by neighbouring structures, i.e. of neural cell assemblies that subserve the thumb and middle finger of his right hand.
'Soft Law,' 'Hard Law,' and European Integration: Toward a Theory of Hybridity

Abstract: This paper develops a conceptual framework for the analysis of hard and soft law that is drawn in part from recent work in the field of international relations. We examine the literature on the role of soft law, noting that scholars have approached this phenomenon in very different ways. We seek to unite insights from constructivist and rationalist theories of integration and apply them to the understanding of the role law and other normative orders and governance processes may play in European integration. We deploy this synthesis to analyze the two case studies, employment policy and fiscal policy coordination, exploring the roles that law plays and paying special attention to the operation of hybrid constellations where hard and soft operate in the same policy domain.
Competitive Inhibition of Catecholamine Uptake in Synaptosomes of Rat Brain by Rigid Bicyclo‐Octanes

Abstract: Cis‐3‐(3, 4‐dichlorophenyl)‐2‐N, N‐dirnethylaminomethyl‐bi‐cyclo‐[2, 2, 2]‐octane hydrochloride (LR5182) inhibited the uptake of dopamine by a synaptosomal fraction of corpus striatum of rat brain with an inhibitor constant (Ki value) of 6 nM. Kinetics analysis according to the methods of Lineweaver‐Burk and Dixon revealed a competitive inhibition of dopamine uptake of LR5182. When the uptake of dopamine by the noradrenergic terminals in the synaptosomal fraction of cerebral cortex was selectively abolished by desipramine, LR5182 competitively inhibited the uptake of dopamine by the dopaminergic terminals with a Ki value of 19 nM. LR5182 was also a competitive inhibitor of noradrenaline uptake by synaptosomes of hypothalamus and cerebral cortex with, however, one‐third to one‐tenth the effectiveness, as indicated by the larger Ki values, 52 and 58 nM, respectively. Structure‐activity studies with LR5182 and related compounds supported the idea that the uptake sites of dopamine favored a gauche conformer.
Signaling between Focal Adhesion Kinase and Trio*

The Trio guanine nucleotide exchange factor functions in neural development in Caenorhabditis elegansand Drosophila and in the development of neural tissues and skeletal muscle in mouse. The association of Trio with the Lar tyrosine phosphatase led us to study the role of tyrosine phosphorylation in Trio function using focal adhesion kinase (FAK). The Lar-interacting domain of Trio is constitutively tyrosine-phosphorylated when expressed in COS-7 cells and was highly phosphorylated when it was co-transfected with FAK. Co-precipitation studies indicated that Trio binds to the FAK amino-terminal domain and to the FAK kinase domain via its SH3 and kinase domains, respectively. Tyrosine-phosphorylated FAK and Trio were present mainly in the detergent-insoluble fraction of cell lysates, and co-expression of Trio and FAK resulted in increased amounts of Trio present in the detergent-insoluble fraction. Immunofluorescence of cells co-transfected with FAK and Trio revealed significant co-localization of the proteins at the cell periphery, indicating that they form a stable complex in vivo. A FAK phosphorylation site, tyrosine residue 2737, was identified in subdomain I of the Trio kinase domain. Additionally, in vitro phosphorylation assays and in vivo co-expression studies indicated that Trio enhances FAK kinase activity. These results suggest Trio may be involved in the regulation of focal adhesion dynamics in addition to effecting changes in the actin cytoskeleton through the activation of Rho family GTPases.
Factors of Access Control Management in Electronic Healthcare: The Patients' Perspective

Information systems in electronic healthcare have the potential to support a variety of medical stakeholders in performing their regular daily working activities. Still with the growing amount of electronically available health-related data on patients, aspects of data privacy have to be considered, e.g., by improving the transparency of healthcare processes or by offering methods to allow patients to self-determine controls for their data. In this work we present the results of a study we conducted in Austria about the general desire of patients to self-control access to their health records as well as to elicit typical factors for access control they personally consider as important. The results we present in this work are intended to support the requirements analysis and development of patient-centric healthcare management applications. As our results clearly indicate that patients have varying conceptions regarding privacy we also elaborate on the proper integration of access control factors to satisfy individual informational requirements.
[Validity of self-reported diabetes and its determinants: evidences from the Bambuí study].

OBJECTIVE To assess the validity of self-reported diabetes and its determinants in the elderly. METHODS Cross-sectional study including 1,492 subjects aged >or= 60 years, which corresponds to 86% of all residents in this age group living in the municipality of Bambuí, Southeastern Brazil, in 1997. The validity of self-reported diabetes was assessed comparing to diabetes mellitus defined by medical criteria (fasting glucose > 126 mg/dl or current treatment). Multivariate analysis was carried out to assess factors independently associated with sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and self-reported diabetes were 14.5% and 11.7%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of self-reported diabetes were 57.1% (95% CI: 50.3;63.8) and 96.9% (95% CI: 94.7;97.0), respectively. Medical visits in the previous two years (PR=3.78), as well as 1-3 (PR=1.90) and > 4 years (PR=1.55) of schooling were positively and independently associated with sensitivity. Medical visits in the previous two years (PR= 0.96) and female sex (PR = 0.97) were negatively and independently associated with specificity. CONCLUSIONS The study results indicated that self-reported diabetes should not be either used to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus or to identify individuals with the disease in the study population. Schooling and medical visits were determinants of the elderly awareness of being diabetics, indicating that these modifiable characteristics may play a role in secondary and tertiary prevention.
Randomized controlled trial of proactive web-based alcohol screening and brief intervention for university students.

BACKGROUND University students drink more heavily than their nonstudent peers and are often unaware that their drinking is risky and exceeds normative levels. We tested the efficacy of a proactive Web-based alcohol screening and brief intervention program. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was conducted at an Australian university in 2007. Invitations were sent to 13 000 undergraduates (age range, 17-24 years) to complete a Web-based Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Of 7237 students who responded, 2435 scored in the hazardous/harmful range (> or =8) and were randomized, and 2050 (84%) completed at least 1 follow-up assessment. Intervention was 10 minutes of Web-based motivational assessment and personalized feedback. Controls received only screening. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 1 and 6 months with observers and participants blinded to allocation. Outcome measures were drinking frequency, typical occasion quantity, overall volume, number of personal problems, an academic problems score, prevalence of binge drinking, and prevalence of heavy drinking. RESULTS Mean (SD) baseline Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test scores for control and intervention groups were 14.3 (5.1) and 14.2 (5.1), respectively. After 1 month, participants receiving intervention drank less often (rate ratio [RR], 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-0.94), smaller quantities per occasion (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.98), and less alcohol overall (RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.78-0.90) than did controls. Differences in alcohol-related harms were nonsignificant. At 6 months, intervention effects persisted for drinking frequency (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85-0.97) and overall volume (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82-0.96) but not for other variables. CONCLUSION Proactive Web-based screening and intervention reduces drinking in undergraduates, and such a program could be implemented widely.
Towards improved understanding of protective mechanisms induced by the BCG vaccine

Evaluation of: Ryan AA, Nambiar JK, Wozniak TM et al. Antigen load governs the differential priming of CD8 T cells in response to the bacille Calmette–Guérin vaccine or Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J. Immunol. 182(11), 7172–7177 (2009). Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of human TB, which is responsible for 26% of all preventable deaths in the developing world. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has been used as a vaccine against TB since 1921, with protection varying from 0 to 80%. Although the reasons for this variability are unclear, protection is thought to be mediated by Th1-type responses. CD8+ T cells have been shown to play a role in the response to mycobacteria. However, the nature of the CD8+ response induced by BCG requires further characterization. In the paper being evaluated, it was shown that the antigenic load is important for the induction of CD8+ T-cell responses and subsequent protective responses. Identification of the factors affecting induction of CD8+ responses against mycobacteria will facilitate studies to characterize their nature and provide a platform for the development of systems seeking to improve on protection conferred by BCG.
Policy Responses to Address Student “Brain Drain”

For several decades, Singapore has experienced a high rate of outbound degree mobility with around 1 in 10 higher education students currently studying outside the country according to UNESCO figures. Singapore’s successful economic development strategy, which has seen it become a key Asian hub for knowledge-intensive industries for internationalized services, has benefited from the presence of large numbers of graduates who have been educated abroad. However, significant numbers of Singaporean students do not return home after their studies, and since the late 1990s, the government has expressed concern about the resulting “brain drain. ” This article examines four strategies that have been used by the Singapore government to address this concern: reducing the number of outbound students through improvements to domestic study options, promoting the return of graduates after their studies, engagement with the Singaporean diaspora, and recruitment of incoming international students into the workforce. While data are limited, the measures adopted to support each of these approaches appear to have had some success over the past decade. While the circumstances of each sending country vary, the case of Singapore is illustrative of the types of practical measures that are effectively adopted by governments to moderate the negative impacts of student emigration.
IRE 1 Signaling Is Essential for Ischemia-Induced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A Expression and Contributes to Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth In vivo

In solid tumors, cancer cells subjected to ischemic conditions trigger distinct signaling pathways contributing to angiogenic stimulation and tumor development. Characteristic features of tumor ischemia include hypoxia and glucose deprivation, leading to the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1– dependent signaling pathways and to complex signaling events known as the unfolded protein response. Here, we show that the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1 is a common determinant linking hypoxiaand hypoglycemia-dependent responses to the up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). Tumor cells expressing a dominant-negative IRE1 transgene as well as Ire1a-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts were unable to trigger VEGF-A up-regulation upon either oxygen or glucose deprivation. These data correlated with a reduction of tumor angiogenesis and growth in vivo . Our results therefore suggest an essential role for IRE1-dependent signaling pathways in response to ischemia and identify this protein as a potential therapeutic target to control both the angiogenic switch and tumor development. [Cancer Res 2007;67(14):6700–7]
Modeling and analysis of the suppression of ferroresonance in nonlinear three-phase three-leg transformers

This paper investigates the effectiveness of suppression techniques of ferroresonance in nonlinear three-phase three-leg transformers. Previous literature has generally recommended the use of damping resistor loads to suppress ferroresonance. This paper examines the potential pitfalls of this approach and suggests a new simple arrangement which preliminary results indicate to be more effective. A newly developed nonlinear three-phase three-leg transformer model is implemented to accurately model ferroresonance conditions and simulate suppression techniques. The model includes dynamic magnetic hysteresis effects (major and minor loops), flux cross-coupling effects in the legs and asymmetry in the iron-core structure.
A sustainable model for business schools?

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the financial models used by business schools, with a specific focus on the cost side of the model.Design/methodology/approach – The paper systematically looks at sources of revenue and areas of expenditure under different business school models.Findings – The paper finds that the faculty model used by many business schools, with the need to devote significant effort to generate academic publications, is very cost intensive and not efficient. The paper suggests that alternative models can be developed which would make business schools more financially sustainable.Originality/value – While there has been a lot of societal attention paid to sources of income, most notably tuition, very little attention has been paid to the actual use of resources within the business school environment or to alternative models which could be used to deliver high quality education at lower cost.
A Nonparametric Investigation of Duration Dependence in the American Business Cycle: A Note

A recent empirical investigation by Diebold and Rudebusch (1990b) into the nature of business cycles reveals an apparent contradiction concerning the duration dependence of half and whole cycles. While expansions and contractions appear to be duration independent, completed cycles seem to be duration dependent. This implies, for example, that a long expansion is no more likely to terminate than a short expansion, whereas the termination probability for a whole cycle depends on its length. As discussed in Diebold and Rudebusch, this perplexing situation is feasible if the lengths of expansions and contractions are negatively correlated. However, they find only weak empirical evidence to support this conjecture. The purpose of this note is to resolve the puzzle by recognizing that it is impossible for expansions, contractions, and completed cycles to all follow the constant-hazard distribution. We then conclude that the (apparent) contradiction arises because the same statistical tests are applied to both half and whole cycles. To illustrate, because data are reported on a monthly basis, we formulate two discrete-time tests for duration dependence. The first of these is applied separately to expansions, contractions, and completed cycles; the second is employed to test jointly the null hypothesis that expansions and contractions are both duration independent. To derive the tests, initially assume that expansions and contractions have constant transition probabilities. If X is the random variable for the number of consecutive months of (say) expansion, p is the (constant) transition probability, and te represents the minimum