Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Water Budget and Intensity Change of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific

AbstractThree satellite observational datasets and a reanalysis dataset during the period 2001–09 are used to examine four water budget components (total precipitable water, surface evaporation, precipitation, and column-integrated moisture flux convergence) associated with western North Pacific tropical cyclones (TCs) of different intensity change categories: rapidly intensifying, slowly intensifying, neutral, and weakening. The results show that surface evaporation plays an important role in storm rapid intensification (RI) and the highest evaporation associated with rapidly intensifying TCs is associated with the highest sea surface temperature. Total precipitable water in the outer environment, where moisture is mainly provided by surface evaporation, is also vital to storm RI because RI is favored when there is less dry air intruded into the storm circulation. The roles of surface evaporation and total precipitable water in storm RI are related to the enhanced convective available potential energy by.
Analysis of Pulsatile Flow in Elastic Artery

In this paper, we have considered a Pulsatile flow in an elastic arterial tube and witnessed the efforts on the flow due to elasticity of the tube. The expression for “Volumetric flow rate” and “impedance of nth harmonic” have been found. Conclusions have been drawn with the aid of graphs. MATLAB software has been used for sketching graphs.
Cosmic Ray Associated with Coronal Index and Solar Flare Index during Solar Cycle 22 - 23

We study the relation between monthly average counting rates of the cosmic ray intensity (CRI) observed at Moscow Neutron Monitoring Station, solar flare index (SFI) and coronal index during the solar cycles 22 and 23, for the period 1986-2008. The long-term behaviour of various solar activity parameters: sunspot numbers (SSN), solar flare index (Hα flare index), coronal index (CI) in relation to the duration of solar cycles 22 and 23 is examined. We find that the correlation coefficient of CRI with the coronal index as well as Hα flare index is relatively large anti-correlation during solar cycle 22. However, the monthly mean values of sunspot number, Hα flare index, and coronal index are well positively correlated with each other. We have analyzed the statistical analysis of the above parameters using of linear model and second order polynomial fits model.
Optimal Maximum Cyclostationary Blind Deconvolution for Bearing Fault Detection

Maximum cyclostationary blind deconvolution (CYCBD) is a newly presented blind deconvolution method for extracting faults in mechanical systems. The method presents two challenges, which mainly come from needing to set the cyclic frequency in advance and a defining suitable filter length. To address these issues, an optimal maximum CYCBD method is developed. First, the raw signals are processed by the noise subtraction method to remove the inference of inherent impulses and environmental noise. Furthermore, the cyclic frequency is estimated by calculating the autocorrelation of the envelope signals to reveal the fault-induced impulses. Second, to determine the filter length adaptively and automatically, the residual autocorrelation energy (RAE) ratio is employed as the objective function to optimize the filter length by the improved success–failure method. Finally, the proposed method is applied to extract fault features. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated with data obtained from an open-access bearing dataset and experimental test rigs.
Dual-Band Antenna with OAM Mode Radiated by Ground Plane

Antennas that radiate orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes are usually large and have complex structures. In this paper, in combination with characteristic mode analysis, the ground plane is used as the OAM wave radiator. To excite degenerate modes of the ground plane with phase quadrature by using a single-fed structure, two bent metal strips with grounded ends are introduced around the rectangular ground plane, and a corner of one of the bent strips is set as the feeding point. For ground radiators, a first-order OAM mode is generated at the high-frequency end by synthesizing the degenerate modes. In case of the bent side strip, an inverted-F antenna that operates in the low-frequency mode is formed. This compact antenna has dual-band characteristics and facilitates simple feeding, which makes it suitable for mobile terminal applications.
A Graph Approach to Measuring Text Distance

Text comparison is a key step in many natural language processing (NLP) applications in which texts can be classified on the basis of their semantic distance (how similar or different the texts are). For example, comparing the local context of an ambiguous word with that of a known word can help identify the sense of the ambiguous word. Typically, a distributional measure is used to capture the implicit semantic distance between two pieces of text. In this thesis, we introduce an alternative method of measuring the semantic distance between texts as a combination of distributional information and relational/ontological knowledge. In this work, we propose a novel distance measure within a network-flow formalism that combines these two distinct components in a way that they are not treated as separate and orthogonal pieces of information. First, we represent each text as a collection of frequency-weighted concepts within a relational thesaurus. Then, we make use of a network-flow method which provides an efficient way of measuring the semantic distance between two texts by taking advantage of the inherently graphical structure in an ontology. We evaluate our method in a variety of NLP tasks. In our task-based evaluation, we find that our method performs well on two of three tasks. We introduce a novel measure which is intended to capture how well our network-flow method perform on a dataset (represented as a collection of frequency-weighted concepts). In our analysis, we find that an integrated approach, rather than a purely distributional or graphical analysis, is more effective in explaining the performance inconsistency. Finally, we address a complexity issue that arises from the overhead required to incorporate more sophisticated concept-to-concept distances into the network-flow framework. We propose a graph transformation method which generates a pared-down network that requires less time to process. The new method achieves a significant speed improvement, and does not seriously hamper performance as a result of the transformation, as indicated in our analysis.
Impact of Nano and Non-nano Fertilizers on Rice Quality and Productivity: A Review

It aims to examine the impact of nano and non-nano fertilizers on rice quality and productivity. Rice is a staple food crop for a large portion of the global population, the use of fertilizers is essential for optimizing yields and maintaining food security. The emergence of nano-fertilizers presents new opportunities for enhancing nutrient use efficiency, plant growth, and rice quality. However, limitations in existing research, such as the lack of comparative studies and methodological inconsistencies, make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the relative merits of nano and non-nano fertilizers. The implementation of nano-fertilizers faces challenges related to cost, accessibility, regulatory frameworks, and public perception. Future research should focus on long-term field studies, investigating potential risks and benefits, and developing sustainable and cost-effective formulations. By addressing these challenges and knowledge gaps, this review seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential impacts of nano and non-nano fertilizers on rice cultivation and contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural practices.
The Effectiveness of Improving Infectious Disease–Specific Health Literacy Among Residents: WeChat-Based Health Education Intervention Program

Background Infectious disease–specific health literacy (IDSHL) has become an important determinant of infectious disease incidence. It can not only reduce the incidence of re-emerging infectious diseases, but also effectively prevent the emergence of new infectious diseases such as COVID-19. WeChat, as a new media, has been proven to greatly reduce the chance of infectious diseases spreading from person to person, especially in case of respiratory infections. However, there is currently no concrete health education invention program to improve IDSHL using a WeChat public account. Objective The aims of this study were as follows: (1) to determine the IDSHL of the population in Zhejiang, China; (2) to develop a health education program for the improvement of IDSHL using a WeChat public account; and (3) to evaluate the effectiveness of the health education program that was implemented in the prevention of infectious disease outbreaks. Methods We used a standardized questionnaire, which consisted of 28 closed-ended questions, to measure the level and score of IDSHL before and after intervention. A multiple-stage stratified random sampling technique was used to select study participants from Zhejiang province in China, who were further divided randomly into 2 groups: the intervention and control groups. From July 2014 to January 2015, a WeChat-based health education intervention program was carried out on the intervention group. Standard descriptive statistics and chi-square and t tests were conducted to analyze the data. Results A total of 3001 residents participated in the baseline survey of this study. At baseline, participant IDSHL rates were 73.29% and 72.12% for the intervention and control groups, respectively (Χ21=0.5; P=.50). After 7 months of intervention, 9.90% (297/3001) of participants dropped out of the study. Of the lost participants, 119 were from the intervention group and 178 were from the control group. There were significant differences between follow-up and lost participants with respect to age (P=.04), marital status (P=.02) and occupations (P=.002). After intervention, the intervention group scores in the different domains were higher than those in the control group (infectious disease–related knowledge, prevention, management, or treatment, identification of pathogens and infection sources, and cognitive ability). There were significant improvements in the IDSHL of participants in both the intervention and control groups (Χ21=135.9; P<.001 vs Χ21=9.1; P=.003), and there was a greater change in the IDSHL among the intervention group participants than among the control group participants (1230/1359, 90.51% vs 1038/1359, 77.17%). Conclusions The health education intervention program using a WeChat public account proved to be an effective, feasible, and well-accepted means to improve the IDSHL of the general population. In the future, this health education intervention program can be used as a reference for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.
Harga diri sebagai mediator pengaruh pola asuh otoritatif terhadap resiliensi remaja

Adolescence is marked by many changes so that adolescents will face difﬁcult and challenging situations. The ability to adapt to difﬁcult situations affects the development and psychological well-being of adolescents. Resilience is an individual’s ability to adapt to adversity and challenges. This study aims to examine the role of self-esteem in mediating the effect of authoritative parenting on resilience. The sampling technique in this study used accidental sampling using a web survey Google Form. Participants were 160 teenagers, aged 12 to 18 years. The instruments used were the Parenting Style Scale Index (PSI), Resilience Scale 14 (RS-14) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The results showed that self-esteem mediates the effect of authoritative parenting on adolescent resilience.
The Unintended Influence and Impact: Funder-Mandated Performance Metrics, Service Delivery, and Social Justice

ABSTRACT Nonprofit organizations provide services that address the complex needs of diverse populations within a multitude of financial and resource constraints. Necessity requires these organizations to apply for financial support from a variety of stakeholders and engage in evaluation processes that are often driven by funder priorities. Therefore, understanding nonprofit staff perceptions of the influence of funder-mandated metrics upon service is critical. This study utilized qualitative interviews to examine the perceptions of administrators and staff members within nonprofit organizations related to the influence of funder-mandated performance metrics on service provision. Findings suggest that funder-mandated metrics influenced the definitions of client success, client-provider relationships, client motivation, and how services are provided. Social justice questions are raised regarding the impact that culture, privilege, and ideology can have on service delivery and client experiences which highlight directions for future research and practice implications. PRACTICE POINTS Nonprofit organizations are influenced by multiple funders who impose evaluation mandates that can influence the definitions of client success, client-provider relationships, client motivation, and service delivery. Funder-mandated evaluation metrics influencing client experiences raise social justice concerns regarding the inadvertent perpetuation of oppressive practices in nonprofit organizations. In conjunction with their funders, nonprofit organizations should consider examining their current evaluation methods and approaches, looking critically at the assumptions imposed by privileged cultural norms.
Coins: Cognitive Intent Based Service Quality Assurance via Industrial Asset Administration Shell

With the enhanced integration of 5G networks into Industry 4.0 deployments, it is essential to map the industrial requirements to 5G performance metrics in an accurate way. Requirement mapping that depends on the human intervention or over-provisioning of resources may lead to operational inefficiency and non-optimality. In this work, we propose Coins,an Artificial Intelligence (AI) - driven Service Quality Assurance (SQA) mapping framework to effectively translate industrial requirements to 5G performance metrics. Through the use of Asset Administration Shell (AAS), which creates interoperability across different systems, intent propagation between industrial components and the 5G network configuration is provided. The system is further integrated with a cognitive intent based framework that can reconfigure the 5G networks to meet industrial demands. This system is demonstrated over a factory production use case with three coordinating robots in an emulated environment.
Neurological Evidence Supporting the Effect of Uncertainty on Associative Learning: A Co-ordinated Based Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-Analysis

Environmental uncertainty can carry relevant motivational consequences. Previous studies demonstrated uncertain rewards would enhance the learning process and neural studies addressed the brain bases of uncertainty. From the fMRI studies identified, this review examined the neural signatures for educational context by using a coordinated-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. This meta-analysis revealed a shared activation pattern in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) which takes role of processing emotions and cognitive resources. This result indicates that the brain area of PFC was generally activated under the condition of Uncertainty vs. Certainty and CS+ vs. CS-, which can be applied in the educational context. This review suggests that teachers feedback and unanticipated rewards are important to facilitate learning. In educational situation, how the sense of the general attractiveness of uncertainty correspond to both novel and repeated exposures remains discussion.
Spatial cluster detection using the number of connected components of a graph

The aim of this work is to detect spatial clusters. We link Erdos graph and Poisson point process. We give the probability distribution function (pdf) of the number of connected component for an Erdos graph and obtain the pdf of the number of cluster for a Poisson process. Using this result, we directly obtain a test for complete spatial randomness and also obtain the clusters that violates the CSR hypothesis. Border effects are computed. We illustrate our results on a tropical forest example.
Cosmic ray effect on the X-ray Trigger Telescope of UFFO/Lomonosov using YSO scintillation crystal array in space

UFFO Burst Alert and Trigger telescope (UBAT) is the X-ray trigger telescope of UFFO/Lomonosov to localize X-ray source with coded mask method and X-ray detector. Its X-ray detector is made up of 36 8×8 pixels Yttrium OxyorthoSilicate (Y2SiO5:Ce, YSO) scintillation crystal arrays and 36 64-channel Multi-Anode PhotoMultiplier Tubes (MAPMTs) for space mission. Its effective detection area is 161cm2 and energy range is several keV to 150 keV. It was successfully launched in April 28, 2016. In several calibration run, we got several X-ray background data. We already knew X-ray background flux is 2-3 counts/cm2/sec in space. However our X-ray background data shows approximately 7-8 times higher than what we know. There are many candidates to explain high X-ray background count in space. One of candidates is cosmic ray. We will report cosmic ray effect on the X-ray detector using YSO scintillation crystal arrays in space.
Adaptive segmentation method based on similarity of laser point cloud topology

Laser point cloud segmentation is the basis of target splicing or recognition. In this paper, a point cloud segmentation method based on point topology is proposed. The relationship between neighboring points is obtained by the curvature relationship between points. The relationship within point cloud between each point is established, and then the point cloud is divided by cutting the graph. The feature of eigenvalue of the Laplacian matrix realizes the adaptive segmentation. Three different kind of point cloud are tested with the algorithm in this paper and the result show that the algorithm has good performance on point cloud cutting of obvious characteristics and robust to noise.
Beginnings of a new science. D'Alembert's Traité de dynamique and the French Royal Academy of Sciences around 1740

D'Alembert began on the scientific European scene with the publication of his first book: the Traite de dynamique (1743). Dynamics is born in the 1730's and with the Traite D'Alembert became one of the main protagonists of that new science. Unfortunately, historians have neither manuscripts nor letters at their disposal, which could inform about the circumstances in which this book was written. The present article aims to precise those circumstances and to give essential characteristics of D'Alembert's dynamics, in particular in the light of the works led by his colleagues of the French Royal Academy of Sciences. In reading D'Alembert's ideas about causality and the proofs of some mechanical principles, in searching how he could have known some mechanical problems which appeared in the Academy around 1740, and in analyzing how he solved them, it's possible to sketch hypothesis about the formation of the young man. They involve exchanges or competition with his colleagues who probably made him discover some mechanical problems. But D'Alembert published in 1743 the first book exclusively dedicated to that science with an original and specific approach which he kept during all his scientific career, an approach that allowed him to write that his work had nothing in common with that of the others.
Madden—Julian Oscillation prediction and teleconnections in the S2S database

The Madden—Julian Oscillation (MJO) has been diagnosed in the World Weather Research Program (WWRP)/World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Sub‐seasonal to Seasonal prediction project (S2S) database using the Wheeler and Hendon index over the common hindcast period 1999—2010. The S2S models display skill to predict the MJO over a period between two and four weeks. The majority of S2S models tend to produce a weaker MJO than in ERA‐Interim, with a phase speed decreasing with lead time.
‘Shear thickening’ in non-shear flows: the effect of microstructure

The bizarre behaviour of a cornstarch suspension (sometimes called oobleck) is well known to all of us who have led public engagement events. At the right solids fraction, it flows smoothly at slow speeds, but can be shattered with a quick spoon movement; if you prepare a large enough sample, you can run across the surface (but if you stand still, you will sink). In rheology circles this phenomenon is known as shear thickening, though the flows described above are not necessarily shear-dominated. In recent years there has been a proliferation of research on the mechanism behind true shear thickening, using both experiments and numerical simulations of shear flows. The understanding of the underlying mechanism is improving markedly. But the paper ‘Microstructure and thickening of dense suspensions under extensional and shear flows’ (Seto, Giusteri & Martinello, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 825, 2017, R3) is the first to consider more general flows. We have, for the first time, simulations of thickening in extensional flows, which are a far better description of oobleck with a runner on top – and can begin to quantify the difference between the idealised shear thickening and the extension thickening that happens in practice.
GPGPU-based optical propagation simulator of a laser processed crystal block for the “X'tal Cube” PET detector

X'tal cube is a next generation DOI detector for PET with high resolution and sensitivity that we are developing. It is constructed from a cubic scintillation crystal and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) coupled on various positions of six surfaces of the cube. A laser processing technique is applied to produce 3D optical boundaries composed of micro-cracks inside a monolithic scintillator crystal. In this paper, in order to design optical characteristics properly, we developed a Monte Carlo simulator which is able to arrange laser-processed optical boundaries (LPB) arbitrarily. Optical characteristics of LPB were measured using a set of laser and photo-diode and then modeled for simulator. Effectiveness of the simulator was confirmed from a comparison with the experiment using a cubic LYSO monolithic crystal with 6 × 6 × 6 segments. Furthermore, the simulator was accelerated by parallel computing with a general purpose GPU (GPGPU). Calculation speed with GPGPU was 350 to 430 times faster than that with only CPU.
Scintillation effect by gravitational wave on Quasars light curve

In this work we study the interaction of a gravitational wave from a binary star/blackhole with the electromagnetic wave from a distant quasar. While in the regime of geometric optics, the light bending due to this interaction is negligible, we show that the phase shifting on the wavefront of an electromagnetic wave can produce the interference pattern on the observer position. The effect is producing fringes from a distant quasar (with the wavelength of $\lambda_e$) by gravity wave (with the wavelength of $\lambda_g$) where the angular separation between the fringes is $\Delta\beta \sim \lambda_e/\lambda_g$. The relative motion of the observer, source of gravity wave and quasar results in a relative motion of observer through the interference pattern on the observer plane. The consequence of this fringe crossing is the modulation in the light curve of a quasar with the period of almost one month in radio wavelengths. The impact parameter of effective interaction between the electromagnetic wave and gravity wave is at least the wavelength of the gravity wave which results in the optical depth for the detection of this event for a given quasar to be larger than one. This is a new method of gravitational wave detection by the follow-up observations of quasars in millimetre wavelengths.