Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of partial tandem duplications of the MLL gene in adult patients 16 to 60 years old with acute myeloid leukemia and normal cytogenetics: a study of the Acute Myeloid Leukemia Study Group Ulm.

PURPOSE To evaluate the incidence and clinical significance of partial tandem duplications (PTDs) of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene in a large series of newly diagnosed adult patients (16 to 60 years old) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) intensively treated within the multicenter treatment trials AML-HD93 and AML-HD98A. PATIENTS AND METHODS Identification of MLL PTD was performed centrally using Southern blot analysis in pretreatment samples from 525 of 683 assessable patients. PTD was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the PCR products. RESULTS MLL PTD was identified in none of the 129 patients with t(8;21), inv(16), and t(15;17); in 19 (7.7%) of 247 patients with normal karyotype; and in 10 (8.5%) of 119 patients with all other abnormalities, with 30 cases of t(11q23) excluded. In the group of patients with a normal karyotype, there was no difference in the presenting clinical features between the PTD-positive and the PTD-negative cases. Sixteen (89%) of the 18 assessable PTD-positive patients and 158 (78%) of the 203 PTD-negative patients achieved a complete remission. After a median follow-up time of 19 months, 11 of the 16 PTD-positive patients relapsed compared with 54 of the 158 PTD-negative patients; the median remission durations of the PTD-positive and the PTD-negative groups were 7.75 months and 19 months, respectively (P <.001). Multivariate analysis identified the MLL PTD status as the single prognostic factor for remission duration. CONCLUSION Within the subgroup of young adult AML patients with normal karyotype, MLL PTD is associated with short remission duration.
Global visibility algorithms for illumination computations

The most expensive geometric operation in image synthesis is visibility determination. Classically this is solved with hidden surface removal algorithms that render only the parts of the scene visible from a point. Global illumination calculations, however, may require information between any two points in the scene. This paper describes global visibility algorithms that preprocess polygon databases in order to accelerate visibility determination during illumination calculations. These algorithms are sensitive to the output complexity in visibility space; that is, how many pairs of objects are mutually visible. Furthermore, the algorithms are incremental so that they work well with progressive refinement and hierarchical methods of image synthesis. The algorithms are conservative, but exact; that is, when they return visibility predicates they can be proved true. However sometimes they do not return either totally visible or totally invisible, but partially visible, even though in the same situation a better algorithm might return the exact answer. In this paper we describe the algorithms and their implementation, and show that, in a scene with low average visual complexity, they can dramatically accelerate conventional radiosity programs. CR Categories and Subject Descriptors: I.3. 5 [Computational Geometry and Object Modeling]: Geometric Algorithms, Languages, and Systems; I.3. 7 [Computer Graphics]: ThreeDimensional Graphics and Realism Radiosity; J.2 [Physical Sciences and Engineering]: Engineering. Additional Key Words: Hidden surface removal, visibility space, radiosity, global illumination, algorithmic triage.
Assessment of corporate compliance with guidance and regulations on labels of commercially produced complementary foods sold in Cambodia, Nepal, Senegal and Tanzania

Abstract National legislation and global guidance address labelling of complementary foods to ensure that labels support optimal infant and young child feeding practices. This cross‐sectional study assessed the labels of commercially produced complementary foods (CPCF) sold in Phnom Penh (n = 70), Cambodia; Kathmandu Valley (n = 22), Nepal; Dakar Department (n = 84), Senegal; and Dar es Salaam (n = 26), Tanzania. Between 3.6% and 30% of products did not provide any age recommendation and 8.6−20.2% of products, from all sites, recommended an age of introduction of <6 months. Few CPCF products provided a daily ration (0.0−8.6%) and 14.5−55.6% of those that did exceeded the daily energy recommendation for complementary foods for a breastfed child from 6 to 8.9 months of age. Only 3.6−27.3% of labels provided accurate and complete messages in the required language encouraging exclusive breastfeeding, and almost none (0.0−2.9%) provided accurate and complete messages regarding the appropriate introduction of complementary foods together with continued breastfeeding. Between 34.3% and 70.2% of CPCF manufacturers also produced breastmilk substitutes and 41.7−78.0% of relevant CPCF products cross‐promoted their breastmilk substitutes products. Labelling practices of CPCF included in this study do not fully comply with international guidance on their promotion and selected aspects of national legislation, and there is a need for more detailed normative guidance on certain promotion practices in order to protect and promote optimal infant and young child feeding.
SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling enzymes are associated with cardiac hypertrophy in a genetic rat model of hypertension

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by a sustained increase in cardiomyocyte size and re‐activation of the fetal cardiac gene program. Previous studies implicated SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling enzymes as regulators of the fetal cardiac gene program in surgical models of cardiac hypertrophy. Although hypertension is a common risk factor for developing cardiac hypertrophy, there has not yet been any investigation into the role of SWI/SNF enzymes in cardiac hypertrophy using genetic models of hypertension. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that components of the SWI/SNF complex are activated and recruited to promoters that regulate the fetal cardiac gene program in hearts that become hypertrophic as a result of salt induced hypertension. Utilizing the Dahl salt‐sensitive (S) rat model, we found that the protein levels of several SWI/SNF subunits required for heart development, Brg1, Baf180, and Baf60c, are elevated in hypertrophic hearts from S rats fed a high salt diet compared with normotensive hearts from Dahl salt‐resistant (R) rats fed the same diet. Furthermore, we detected significantly higher levels of SWI/SNF subunit enrichment as well as evidence of more accessible chromatin structure on two fetal cardiac gene promoters in hearts from S rats compared with R rats. Our data implicate SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling enzymes as regulators of gene expression in cardiac hypertrophy resulting from salt induced hypertension. Thus we provide novel insights into the epigenetic mechanisms by which salt induced hypertension leads to cardiac hypertrophy. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 2337–2342, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Back to the Future: From Behaviourism and Cognitive Psychology to Motivation and Emotion

SYNOPSISAfter 50 years of the predominance of behaviourism and cognitive psychology, the tide is turning back to motivation and emotion. Contemporary interdisciplinary studies in developmental psychology, child psychiatry and developmental neuroscience are reframing John Bowlby's attachment theory in its truer context, insisting that crucial aspects of motivation, emotion and self-regulation, present in Bowlby's original formulation, had been ignored by the mainstream at the time of its inception because of a cultural climate dominated by behaviourism and cognitive psychology.
Comparison of Various Exercise Tests with Endurance Performance during Soccer in Professional Players

To evaluate exercise procedures to test the endurance capacity during soccer, individual results in laboratory and field tests were compared to physical performance during the match and further to performance during long term, intermittent exercise. Twenty professional soccer players were video-taped during competitive soccer matches, and the longest total distance (match-distance) and high intensity distance were determined. Blood lactate and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) were measured during treadmill running. The subjects also carried out a continuous and an interval field test. Furthermore, eight players performed a prolonged, soccer-specific, intermittent test to exhaustion. Muscle enzymes and morphological characteristics were determined in biopsy samples obtained from the m. gastrocnemius. The distance covered during the prolonged, intermittent test (mean: 16.3 km; range: 14.8-18.5 km) was not related to match-distance (r = 0.16), however, its correlation coefficient with high intensity distance covered during the match was 0.70. The interval field test distance was strongly correlated (r = 0.83) with the distance covered during the prolonged, intermittent test distance. VO2max (r = 0.64) and blood lactate concentrations during submaximal running (r = 0.58) were related to match-distance, but not to the prolonged intermittent test distance (r = 0.18 and r = 0.27, respectively). The muscle enzyme activities and the morphological variables were not related to match activities nor to prolonged, intermittent exercise performance. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mechanisms of microbial movement in subsurface materials

The biological factors important in the penetration of Escherichia coli through anaerobic, nutrient-saturated, Ottawa sand-packed cores were studied under static conditions. In cores saturated with galactose-peptone medium, motile strains of E. coli penetrated four times faster than mutants defective only in flagellar synthesis. Motile, nonchemotactic mutants penetrated the cores faster than did the chemotactic parental strain. This, plus the fact that a chemotactic galactose mutant penetrated cores saturated with peptone medium at the same rate with or without a galactose gradient, indicates that chemotaxis may not be required for bacterial penetration through unconsolidated porous media. The effect of gas production on bacterial penetration was studied by using motile and nonmotile E. coli strains together with their respective isogenic non-gas-producing mutants. No differences were observed between the penetration rates of the two motile strains through cores saturated with peptone medium with or without galactose. However, penetration of both nonmotile strains was detected only with galactose. The nonmotile, gas-producing strain penetrated cores saturated with galactose-peptone medium five to six times faster than did the nonmotile, non-gas-producing mutant, which indicates that gas production is an important mechanism for the movement of nonmotile bacteria through unconsolidated porous media. For motile strains, the penetration rate decreased with increasing galactose concentrations in the core and with decreasing inoculum sizes. Also, motile strains with the faster growth rates had faster penetration rates. These results imply that, for motile bacteria, the penetration rate is regulated by the in situ bacterial growth rate. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gene flow by larval dispersal in the Antarctic notothenioid fish Gobionotothen gibberifrons

The diversification of the teleost suborder Notothenioidei (Perciformes) in Antarctic waters provides one of the most striking examples of a marine adaptive radiation. Along with a number of adaptations to the cold environment, such as the evolution of antifreeze glycoproteins, notothenioids diversified into eight families and at least 130 species. Here, we investigate the genetic population structure of the humped rockcod (Gobionotothen gibberifrons), a benthic notothenioid fish. Six populations were sampled at different locations around the Scotia Sea, comprising a large part of the species’ distribution range (N = 165). Our analyses based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data (352 bp) and eight microsatellite markers reveal a lack of genetic structuring over large geographic distances (ΦST ≤ 0.058, FST ≤ 0.005, P values nonsignificant). In order to test whether this was due to passive larval dispersal, we used GPS‐tracked drifter trajectories, which approximate movement of passive surface particles with ocean currents. The drifter data indicate that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) connects the sampling locations in one direction only (west–east), and that passive transport is possible within the 4‐month larval period of G. gibberifrons. Indeed, when applying the isolation‐with‐migration model in IMA, strong unidirectional west‐east migration rates are detected in the humped rockcod. This leads us to conclude that, in G. gibberifrons, genetic differentiation is prevented by gene flow via larval dispersal with the ACC.
Electron microscopy study of magnetosomes in a cultured coccoid magnetotactic bacterium

Intracellular magnetite (Fe3O4) crystals produced by the magnetotactic bacterium MC-1 were analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Strain MC-1 represents the first-reported isolation of a coccoid magnetotactic bacterium in axenic culture. The magnetosomes of this bacterium displayed a pseudo-hexagonal prismatic habit, were elongated along <111> the crystallographic direction, and were truncated by {111}, {100} and {110} faces. The presence of {111} truncations represents a modification of the magnetosome morphology previously determined for those in other coccoid bacteria. Study of immature crystals produced by strain MC-1 showed that the crystal morphology was controlled even at early stages of development. Changes in the culture media affected both the number and shape of the bacterial magnetite crystals. Cells grown in an acetate-containing medium contained on average more crystals than those in cells grown in a sulphide-containing medium. Crystals synthesized in the acetate-grown cells tended to be less truncated than those in the sulphide-grown cells. No iron sulphide minerals, such as greigite, were observed in cells grown in the presence of sulphide.
Evolvable Block-based Neural Networks for real-time classification of heart arrhythmia From ECG signals

Heart arrhythmia is a fairly common medical condition, in which abnormal electrical activity occurs in the heart. However, it can be life threatening if left untreated or undiagnosed. This paper introduces an improved method to classify heart arrhythmia from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals using Block-based Neural Networks (BbNN). BbNNs are used in the hardware implementation of this problem due to its regular block based structure, relatively fast computational speeds, and lower resource consumption. The training mechanism for evolving BbNNs used in the work utilizes Genetic Algorithm (GA), but is able to handle larger sets of training data more efficiently due to an implementation of a novel multithreaded fitness evaluation approach. The ECG heartbeat dataset is taken from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, and feature extraction is done using the evaluation of Hermite polynomials on the preprocessed ECG signal. The proposed BbNN system-on-chip (SoC) shows high accuracy in its arrhythmia classification, with an average accuracy of 99.64% for all tested patient records.
Design and Performance Analysis of Capacitive RF MEMS Switch for Low Voltage Reconfigurable Antennas

RF MEMS switches can be used to achieve reconfigurability of various RF systems and in particular, that of miniaturized antenna structures. In the case of micro machined antennas, which involve low voltage signals, RF MEMS switches with low actuation voltage are required for achieving reconfigurability. The capacitive shunt switch derives its switching property from the significant difference of its capacitance in the up-state and down-state. The actuation voltage of RF MEMS switches mainly depends on the spring constant of the switch membrane. In this paper, a low actuation voltage capacitive shunt switch suitable to be used along with micro machined antennas, is presented. A process flow for the fabrication is designed and simulated using Ansoft HFSS. The electromechanical analysis results are presented and compared with that of a fixedfixed flexure based switch membrane to establish the low actuation voltage characteristics of the proposed design.
The Democratic Transition: A Study of the Causality Between Income and the Gastil Democracy Index

The paper considers the transformation of the political system as countries pass through the Grand Transition from a poor developing country to a wealthy developed country. In the process most countries change from an authoritarian to a democratic political system. This is shown by using the Gastil democracy index from Freedom House. First, the basic pattern of correlations reveals that a good deal of the short- to medium-run causality appears to be from democracy to income. Then a set of extreme biogeographic instruments is used to demonstrate that the long-run causality is from income to democracy. The long-run result survives various robustness tests. We show how the Grand Transition view resolves the seeming contradiction between the long-run and the short- to medium-run effects.
Adaptive virtual machine assignment for multi-tenant data center networks

This paper proposes an adaptive virtual machine (VM) assignment scheme for multi-tenant data center networks. In multi-tenant data centers, tenants submit their resource requirements and the data centers provide VMs which are assigned to physical servers. These VMs communicate with each other to execute distributed processing. The amount of traffic communicated by VMs is very large and this is one of big issues in data center networks. In order to reduce the amount of traffic injected into data center networks, we need an appropriate VM assignment strategy which considers traffic between VMs. Furthermore, VMs are dynamically assigned to and removed from physical servers according to resource requirements of tenants, and thus we should consider such dynamic behavior. The proposed scheme provides an VM assignment strategy which reduces the amount of traffic injected into data center networks, taking into account dynamic behavior of the data center networks. Through simulation experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed scheme reduces the network load efficiently.
Renal Cell Carcinoma Invading Duodenum: Management by Pancreaticoduodenectomy and Discussion of Treatments

At present, complete surgical resection remains the standard for curative intervention in cases of locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) although the role of surgery in cases of adjacent visceral invasion remains controversial. We report a case of a right sided RCC involving the duodenum and head of pancreas in which en-bloc resection was achieved by radical nephrectomy and concomitant pancreaticoduodenectomy. For those patients with good performance status, aggressive interventions should be thoroughly discussed along with the role of targeted systemic therapies in the adjuvant setting.
Validity of using reaction time as a basis for determining motor laterality.

To the Editor: In a recent letter to the editor, [Dr. Derakhshan (2006)][1] responded to a study conducted by [Gonzalez and colleagues (2006a)][2] that explored a potential hemispheric specialization for the visual control of action independent of subject handedness. In his letter, Dr. Derakshan
Why Are Some Plant Genera More Invasive Than Others?

Determining how biological traits are related to the ability of groups of organisms to become economically damaging when established outside of their native ranges is a major goal of population biology, and important in the management of invasive species. Little is known about why some taxonomic groups are more likely to become pests than others among plants. We investigated traits that discriminate vascular plant genera, a level of taxonomic generality at which risk assessment and screening could be more effectively performed, according to the proportion of naturalized species which are pests. We focused on the United States and Canada, and, because our purpose is ultimately regulatory, considered species classified as weeds or noxious. Using contingency tables, we identified 11 genera of vascular plants that are disproportionately represented by invasive species. Results from boosted regression tree analyses show that these categories reflect biological differences. In summary, approximately 25% of variation in genus proportions of weeds or noxious species was explained by biological covariates. Key explanatory traits included genus means for wetland habitat affinity, chromosome number, and seed mass.
Written testimony, oral history and retail environments: Australian shopping centers in the 1960s

Purpose – This paper aims to join a growing movement in marketing history to include the voices of consumers in historical research on retail environments. It aims to show that consumer perspectives offer new insights to the emergence and reception of large-scale, pre-planned shopping centers in Australia during the 1960s, and allow one to write a history of this retail form from below, in contrast to the top-down approach that is characteristic of the broader literature on shopping mall development. Design/methodology/approach – Written testimonies by consumers were gathered using a qualitative online questionnaire. The methodology is related to oral history, in that it seeks to capture the subjective experiences of participants, has the capacity to create new archives, to fill or explain gaps in existing repositories and provide a voice to those frequently lost to the historical record. Findings – The written testimonies gathered for this project provide an important contribution to the understanding of.
Energy/Reliability Trade-Offs in Low-Voltage ReRAM-Based Non-Volatile Flip-Flop Design

The total power budget of Ultra-Low Power (ULP) VLSI Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) is often dominated by the leakage power of embedded memories as well as status registers. On the one hand, supply voltage scaling down to the near-threshold (near- VT) or even to the subthreshold (sub- VT) domain is a commonly used, efficient technique to reduce both leakage power and active energy dissipation. On the other hand, emerging CMOS-compatible device technologies such as Resistive Memories (ReRAMs) enable non-volatile, on-chip data storage and zero-leakage sleep periods. For the first time, we present and compare ReRAM-based Non-Volatile Flip-Flop (NVFF) topologies which are optimized for low-voltage operation (including near-VT and sub-VT operation). Three low-voltage NVFF circuit topologies are proposed and evaluated in terms of energy dissipation and reliability. Using topologies with two complementary programmed ReRAM devices, Monte Carlo simulations accounting for parametric variations confirm reliable data restore operation from the ReRAM devices at a sub- VT voltage as low as 400 mV. A topology using a single ReRAM device exhibits lower write energy, but requires a near-VT voltage for robust read. Energy characterization is performed at nominal, near- VT, and sub- VT supply voltages. The minimum energy point is reached for near- VT read operation with a total read+write energy of 735 fJ.
An approach for improving Fault-Tolerance in Automotive Modular Embedded Software

Error detection and error recovery mechanism must be carefully selected in automotive embedded applications mainly because of limited resources and economical reasons. However, major safety concerns, brought by new customer services (i.e. chassis control), motivate the automotive industry to search for new means for improving robustness in operation. The challenge is to study a "low-cost", portable and flexible dependability solution. The guiding principle is to rigorously control what/when information is essential to get, and what/when instrumentation is necessary, to perform fault-tolerance. The paper proposes an approach to develop a defense software, as an external customizable component, based on observation and control mechanisms provided by current standard in the automotive industry.