Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Formation Theory and Printability of Photocurable Hydrogel for 3D Bioprinting

Bio‐ink has gradually transited from ionic‐crosslinking to photocrosslinking due to photocurable bio‐hydrogel having good formability and biocompatibility. It is very important to understand and quantify the crosslinking process of photocurable hydrogels, otherwise, bioprinting cannot be standardized and scalable. However, there are few studies on hydrogel formation process and its photocrosslinking behavior which cannot be accurately predicted. Herein, the photoinitiated radical polymerized bio‐hydrogels are taken as an example to establish the formation theory. Three typical crosslinking reactions are first distinguished. It is further proposed that not all double‐bonds consumed during crosslinking contributeequally to polymerization. Then the concept of effective double‐bond conversion (EDBC) is elicited. Deriving from EDBC, several important formation indices are defined. According to theory, it is predicted that slow crosslinking can improve the crosslinking degree. Furthermore, based on the slow crosslinking effect, a new strategy of projection‐based 3D printing (PBP) is proposed, which significantly improved printing quality and efficiency. Overall, this work will fill the gap in hydrogel's formation theory, making it possible to accurately quantify the formation process.
Fundamental Properties and Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Bioglass Porcelain Fused to Metal Dental Restoration

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mechanical properties and clinical fitness of 3D-printed bioglass porcelain fused to metal (PFM) dental crowns. To evaluate the mechanical properties, tensile strength, Vickers microhardness, shear bond strength, and surface roughness tests of the SLM printed Co-Cr alloy was conducted. A right mandibular 1st molar tooth was prepared for a single dental crown (n = 10). For a three-unit metal crown and bridge, the right mandibular first premolar and first molar were prepared. Bioglass porcelain was fired to fabricate PFM dental restorations. A clinical gap was observed and measured during each of the four times porcelain was fired. A statistical analysis was conducted. The SLM technique showed the largest statistically significant tensile strength and a 0.2% yield strength value. The milling technique had the lowest statistically significant compressive strength value. The shear bond strength and surface roughness showed no statistically significant difference between the fabricated method. There was a statistically significant change in marginal discrepancy according to the porcelain firing step. The casting technique showed the greatest statistically significant margin discrepancy value. The SLM method showed better fitness than the traditional casting method and showed better mechanical properties as a dental material.
Research of Chinese Ink Painting Algorithm Based on Fluid Dynamics

In this paper,we have introduced the theory of fluid dynamics to the research of migration and transmission laws of the Chinese Ink particles in the shallow water layers.By Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition,solving Chinese Ink Motion Model based on the Navier-Stokes partial differential equations,the entire solution is stable and efficient.We also have designed a fast interactive Chinese ink coloring algorithm.The experimental results show that the simulation result is full of Chinese ink flavor.
Leaf water δ18O, δ2H and d‐excess isoscapes for Australia using region‐specific plant parameters and non‐equilibrium vapour

Oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δ2H) isotope ratios, and their relationship to one another (d‐excess) are altered as water travels from the atmosphere to the land surface, into soils and plants and back to the atmosphere. Plants return water to the atmosphere through transpiration (evaporation through the stomata), which causes isotopic fractionation concentrating the heavier isotopes (18O and 2H) in the water that remains behind in the leaves. The degree of isotopic fractionation during transpiration is controlled largely by climate, and as a result can be predicted using process‐based models and climate data. The modelled transpirational isotopic fractionation can be applied to plant source water isotopic values to predict leaf water isotope ratios and generate maps of isotopic composition, or isoscapes. This approach of mechanistic modelling has been well demonstrated in the first generation of global leaf water isoscapes (PLoS One, 3(6), e2447, 2008). However, use of leaf water isoscapes in fields such as hydrology, ecology, and forensics requires a new generation of updated region‐specific isoscapes. Here, we generate leaf water isoscapes of δ18O, δ2H and d‐excess for Australia, the driest vegetated continent on Earth, where leaf water represents a critical water resource for ecosystems. These isoscapes represent an improvement over previous global isoscapes due to their higher resolution, region‐specific, empirically derived plant parameters, and non‐equilibrium corrections for water vapour isotopic composition. The new isoscapes for leaf water are evaluated relative to observed isotope ratios of leaf cellulose and cherry juice. The model predictions for annual average leaf water isotope ratios showed strong correlations with these plant tissues that integrate over time. Moreover, inclusion of region‐specific leaf temperature estimates and non‐equilibirum vapour corrections improved prediction accuracy. Regionally based isoscapes provide improved characterisations of average leaf water isotope ratios needed to support research in hydrology, plant ecophysiology, atmospheric science, ecology, and geographic provenancing of biological materials.
On D-optimal Chemical Balance Weighing Designs

The paper deals with the problem of determining the chemical balance weighing designs satisfying the criterion of D-optimality under assumption that the measurement errors are equal correlated and they have the same variances. The existence conditions and the form of the optimal design are given. Moreover, some construction methods of the design matrices based on the incidence matrices of the balanced incomplete block designs and ternary balanced block designs are presented. Any example of construction is given.
THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF UREA FERTILIZER AND COW MANURE COMPOSITION ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF KAILAN PLANTS

There are determining factors in agricultural cultivation technologies that significantly affect plant development and productivity. Fertilization is one of the determining factors in agriculture. This research examines the composition of urea fertilizer and cow manure on kalian growth and yield. This research was conducted from 5 October 2021 to 30 November 2021 in Tunggulrejo Village, Jumapolo, Karanganyar, at an altitude of 700 meters above sea level with red latosol soil. This research used a single-factor Complete Randomized Block Design (RAKL) which consisted of 6 trials, and each was repeated four times to obtain 24 problems. The observational data were analysed using an F test with an error level of 5%. The treatment was continued with the DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) at an error level of 5% when there was an effect during the treatment. The variables used were plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh plant weight, fresh crown weight, dry crown weight, fresh root weight, and dry root weight. The results of the research indicated that the composition of urea fertilizer and the application of cow manure had a significant effect on the growth of leaves of kalian plants; the best and highest number of leaves was 8 (F): Urea 0% + 100% cow manure per plot while the other parameters did not affect plants.
Uniformity of the energy response of the ATLAS hadronic Tile calorimeter to cosmic muons

TileCal is the ATLAS barrel hadronic calorimeter. It’s a sampling calorimeter of scintillating tiles in a steel matrix with the goal of measuring the position and energy of particle jets with an optimized performance. It went through several tests since its installation in the ATLAS cavern, particularly involving the commissioning of the calorimeter with cosmic ray muons. I used the TileMuonFitter algorithm that reconstructs the muon track using only the cells from TileCal and calculating the crossed path length, it gives the average energy loss of the muon for each detector layer. Detailed studies were carried out to establish the selection cuts and to determine the systematic uncertainties associated to each of them. Two different datasets were used: ID-COMM, that requires a track in the Inner Detector; and RPC that didn’t require this constraint. The results obtained were 5 % higher than in previous studies but, with a energy loss agreement with the simulations within of 3 % , it was able to confirm, although with larger uncertainties, the good setting of the EM scale for layers A and BC. Also in agreement with previous results, there was an indication of a possible layer miscalibration since layer D, for the Long Barrel presented a higher energy loss value. The repeatability and the reproducibility of the TMF method were both tested by comparing the results for different runs and in the two datasets: for LB both values were within 1 %. For EB the results were less conclusive, within 2.5 % and 5-10 % respectively. A uniformity of the energy response variation over φ of ±2 %, using ID-COMM, was obtained for layer A in LB for 36 of the 49 modules present in the study.
A Review on the Biasing Parameters of Ridge Regression Estimator in LRM

Ridge regression is the one of the most widely used biased estimator in the presence of multicollinearity, preferred over unbiased ones since they have a larger probability of being closer to the true parametric value. being the modification of the least squares method it introduces a biasing parameter to reduce the length of the parameter under study. as these biasing parameters depend upon the unknown quantities, extensive work has been carried out by several authors to work out the best one. Owing to the fact that over the years a large numbers of biasing parameters have been proposed and studied, this article presents an annotated bibliography along with the review on various biasing parameter available.
Standardized reporting of pulmonary transfusion complications: Development of a model reporting form and flowchart

Pulmonary complications of blood transfusion, including transfusion‐related acute lung injury (TRALI), transfusion‐associated circulatory overload (TACO), and transfusion‐associated dyspnea, are generally underdiagnosed and under‐reported. The international TRALI and TACO definitions have recently been updated. Currently, no standardized pulmonary transfusion reaction reporting form exists and most of the hemovigilance forms have not yet incorporated the updated definitions. We developed a harmonized reporting form, aimed at improved data collection on pulmonary transfusion reactions for hemovigilance and research purposes by developing a standardized model reporting form and flowchart.
Long term culture promotes changes to growth, gene expression, and metabolism in CHO cells that are independent of production stability

Phenotypic stability of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells over long term culture (LTC) presents one of the most pressing challenges in the development of therapeutic protein manufacturing processess. However, our current understanding of the consequences of LTC on recombinant (r−) CHO cell lines is still limited, particularly as clonally‐derived cell lines present distinct production stability phenotypes. This study evaluated changes of culture performance, global gene expression, and cell metabolism of two clonally‐derived CHO cell lines with a stable or unstable phenotype during the LTC (early [EP] vs. late [LP] culture passages). Our findings indicated that LTC altered the behavior of CHO cells in culture, in terms of growth, overall gene expression, and cell metabolism. Regardless whether cells were categorized as stable or unstable in terms of r‐protein production, CHO cells at LP presented an earlier decline in cell viability and loss of any observable stationary phase. These changes were parallelled by the upregulation of genes involved in cell proliferation and survival pathways (i.e., MAPK/ERK, PI3K‐Akt). Stable and unstable CHO cell lines both showed increased consumption of glucose and amino acids at LP, with a parallel accumulation of greater amounts of lactate and TCA cycle intermediates. In terms of production stability, we found that decreased r‐protein production in the unstable cell line directly correlated to the loss in r‐gene copy number and r‐mRNA expression. Our data revealed that LTC produced ubiquitious effects on CHO cell phenotypes, changes that were rooted in alterations in cell transcriptome and metabolome. Overall, we found that CHO cells adapted their cellular function to proliferation and survival during the LTC, some of these changes may well have limited effects on overall yield or specific productivity of the desired r‐product, but they may be critical toward the capacity of cells to handle r‐proteins with specific molecular features.
History Dependent Domain Adaptation

∑ x max(0,1−ht (x)wt−1 T x ) Average weights or model outputs (equivalent in the linear case). A linear combination of previous hypotheses gives us a simple baseline for comparison. Exponential averaging is extremely easy to implement. Reduce divergence from previous hypotheses by using a small step size, or by taking fewer steps. In general, we might use an online learning algorithm. w_{t+1} w_t r=δ Add a regularization term which penalizes the model for differing from the previous model. The hinge loss term is equivalent to adding extra weighted examples to the data set. Full optimization, with a hard constraint.
A Method of Non-gauss Noise Changed to Gauss Process Based on Chaos System

The theory that chaos system can change non-gauss noise to gauss process is presented.On this base,the skewness of high-order statistic analysis is used to test and verify the effectiveness of the conclusion.Simulation results further show this method is practicable.So chaos system can be as a beforehand filter.A lot of algorithms in gauss noise are extended to non-gauss noise.The discovery of this theory has showed the inherent law of the chaos system from another aspect,so the theoretical foundation and the method of application can be offered for chaos system,which is hoped to provide a novel and effective detection method for the measurement technology filed.
Aggravated pneumonia and diabetes in SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice

ABSTRACT Multiple clinical and epidemiological studies have shown an interconnection between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and diabetes, but experimental evidence is still lacking. Understanding the interplay between them is important because of the global health burden of COVID-19 and diabetes. We found that C57BL/6J mice were susceptible to the alpha strain of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, diabetic C57BL/6J mice with leptin receptor gene deficiency (db/db mice) showed a higher viral load in the throat and lung and slower virus clearance in the throat after infection than C57BL/6J mice. Histological and multifactor analysis revealed more advanced pulmonary injury and serum inflammation in SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice exhibited more severe insulin resistance and islet cell loss than uninfected diabetic mice. By RNA sequencing analysis, we found that diabetes may reduce the collagen level, suppress the immune response and aggravate inflammation in the lung after infection, which may account for the greater susceptibility of diabetic mice and their more severe lung damage after infection. In summary, we successfully established a SARS-CoV-2 infected diabetic mice model and demonstrated that diabetes and COVID-19 were risk factors for one another.
Application of Artiﬁcial Intelligence to In Vitro Tumor Modeling and Characterization of the Tumor Microenvironment

In vitro tumor models have played vital roles in enhancing the understanding of the cellular and molecular composition of tumors, as well as their biochemical and biophysical characteristics. Advances in technology have enabled the evolution of tumor models from two-dimensional cell cultures to three-dimensional printed tumor models with increased levels of complexity and diverse output parameters. With the increase in complexity, the new generation of models is able to replicate the architecture and heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment more realistically than their predecessors. In recent years, artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) has been used extensively in healthcare and research, and AI-based tools have also been applied to the precise development of tumor models. The incorporation of AI facilitates the use of high-throughput systems for real-time monitoring of tumorigenesis and biophysical tumor properties, raising the possibility of using AI alongside tumor modeling for personalized medicine. Here, the integration of AI tools within tumor modeling is reviewed, including microﬂuidic devices and cancer-on-chip models.
Hardware realization of fast elliptic curve point multiplication using balanced ternary representation and pre-computation over GF(p)

Abstract We present a new hardware realization of fast elliptic curve Point Multiplication (PM) using the balanced ternary representation of the scalar multiplier. This hardware implementation uses multiple Elliptic Curve Point Tripler's (ECPT) and Elliptic Curve Point Adders (ECPA). Here, we pre-compute 3P, 9P, 27P, etc. using fast tripling and use them in calculating the final product over GF(p). However, to the best of our knowledge there exist no previous implementations of Balanced Ternary representation and pre-computation over GF(p) on FPGA platform. The FPGA synthesis results show that the proposed TPM6 and TPM24 methods can reach a speed up to 48.147 MHz and 50.814MHz; It needs 11. 05µs and 49. 45µs for the computation, consumes a power of 1.083W and 1.104W, occupies 2,657 and 5,449 slices respectively. The modular hardware approach used here provides high speed and scalability.
A randomized experiment of the effects of food advertisements on food-related emotional expectancies in adults

Food-related emotional expectancies influence food intake, yet little is known about their determinants. The present study objectives were to experimentally test how food advertisements affect food-related emotional expectancies in adults and whether effects differed by individual levels of “food addiction” symptoms. Participants (n = 718; Mage = 35.88, 36.8% with food addiction) were randomly assigned to watch video advertisements for highly processed foods, minimally processed foods, both food groups, or cellphones (control). Participants completed an attention check and questionnaires including the Anticipated Effects of Food Scale. Main effects of condition were non-significant. In participants with fewer symptoms of food addiction, watching video advertisements for highly processed foods increased expectancies that one would feel positive emotions while eating those foods, B(SE) = 0.40(0.16), p = 0.016, 95% CI (0.08, 0.72), ΔR2 = 0.03. Highly processed food advertisements may affect food-related emotional expectancies in adults who have not previously formed strong expectancies.
Proposal of variable sequential sampling plan having desired operating characteristics indexed by quality loss

The proportion of non-conforming items has been traditionally utilised as an evaluation criterion for quality of items. However, the proportion of non-conforming items is not necessarily useful as a proper evaluation criterion for controlling high-quality manufacturing in recent years. Accordingly, in order to achieve further quality improvement and innovation, more careful quality evaluation has been required newly. Then, a concept of quality loss in the Taguchi methods has been devised as a severe criterion of quality evaluation. Hereby, a variable single sampling plan having desired operating characteristics (OCs) indexed by quality loss has been proposed in the area of statistical quality control. By the way, the most economical sampling inspection in the average sample number (ASN) is the sequential sampling plan based on the Wald’s sequential probability ratio test. Then, from the viewpoint of cost reduction, we discuss a variable sequential sampling plan having desired OC indexed by quality loss with the aim of expansion of the utility of variable sampling plan for quality loss. As the result, the design procedure of the sequential sampling plan for satisfying some required design conditions indexed by quality loss is provided. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed sequential sampling plan is verified through some numerical examples.
Palmitoylethanolamide shows limited efficacy in controlling cerebral cryptococcosis in vivo

ABSTRACT Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) is an encapsulated neurotropic fungal pathogen and the causative agent of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CME) in humans. Recommended treatment for CME is Amphotericin B (AmpB) and 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC). Though effective, AmpB has displayed numerous adverse side effects due to its potency and nephrotoxicity, prompting investigation into alternative treatments. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an immunomodulatory compound capable of promoting neuroprotection and reducing inflammation. To investigate the efficacy of PEA as a therapeutic alternative for CME, we intracerebrally infected mice with Cn and treated them with PEA or AmpB alone or in combination. Our results demonstrate that PEA alone does not significantly prolong survival nor reduce fungal burden, but when combined with AmpB, PEA exerts an additive effect and promotes both survivability and fungal clearance. However, we compared this combination to traditional AmpB and 5-FC treatment in a survivability study and observed lower efficacy. Overall, our study revealed that PEA alone is not effective as an antifungal agent in the treatment of CME. Importantly, we describe the therapeutic capability of PEA in the context of Cn infection and show that its immunomodulatory properties may confer limited protection when combined with an effective fungicidal agent.