Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Tragedy in Amma Darko’S Faceless: The Plight of Street Children

In every household, children are ‘the joys of motherhood’ and families. However, children cannot grow normally and decently without the care and the protection of their parents/family/society and government. In many African countries, homeless/street children roam about the street to beg for food and money and become easy preys for the sadistic and unscrupulous predators.This article examines through Amma Darko’s Faceless (2003) street children phenomenon, their plight and the irresponsibility of the adults be parents/family members and community. The causes of this phenomenon, the violence that it nurtures and the misfortunes street children are facing in the hands of the ‘street lords’ are also highlighted. Most of the time, street children are forced into prostitution and are sexually active before their teens with its subsequent consequences. Keywords : street children, child abuse and prostitution, violence, irresponsibility, poverty.
Trends in dietary sources of nutrients among middle-aged men in southern Germany. Results of the MONICA Project Augsburg: dietary surveys 1984/1985 and 1994/1995

The study analyses 10-year trends (1984/1985-1994/1995) in southern Germany in the food sources of nutrients. In two phases of the MONICA Project in Augsburg, dietary surveys were conducted in subsamples of 45 to 64 year-old men. Responses in 1984/1985 and 1994/1995 were 69.8% and 70.8% with eligible samples of 603 and 607, respectively. Seven-day records were collected and coded with the German food composition database. Percentage contribution of food groups to selected nutrient intakes were calculated. Meat and meat products and eggs decreased in importance as contributors to the intake of energy and several nutrients, whereas fish and fish products, milk and milk products and various food groups of plant origin became more important. In 1984/1985, for instance, meat and meat products delivered 23.4% of energy, 47.5% of protein and 38.1% of fat, whereas in 1994/1995 the respective contributions declined to 21.4%, 44.0% and 34.5%. The new product group of supplements has already become an important contributor to the intake of vitamin C. Both static intakes and changes in intake of certain nutrients can be explained by corresponding fluctuations in patterns of intake of the underlying food sources. Therefore it is recommended that dietary assessments use food source lists derived from the most recent dietary surveys.
Revenus et niveaux de bilinguisme écrit et oral : les hommes québécois en 1971

This paper examines the roles of second language oral and written skills in the determination of the earnings of a sample of Quebec men in 1971. A log-linear earnings equation is used with education and experience as additional independent variables. The main results are that it is preferable to measure language skills as precisely as possible and that both oral and written skills play a role in the earnings determination equation, but the former more so.
Issues in building general letter to sound rules

In general text-to-speech systems, it is not possible to guarantee that a lexicon will contain all words found in a text, therefore some system for predicting pronunciation from the word itself is necessary. Here we present a general framework for building letter to sound (LTS) rules from a word list in a language. The technique can be fully automatic, though a small amount of hand seeding can give better results. We have applied this technique to English (UK and US), French and German. The generated models achieve, 75%, 58%, 93% and 89%, respectively, words correct for held out data from the word lists. To test our models on more typical data we also analyzed general text, to find which words do not appear in our lexicon. These unknown words were used as a more realistic test corpus for our models. We also discuss the distribution and type of such unknown words.
Reasoning Counterfactually in Chinese: Picking up the Pieces

We review the controversy concerning whether the lack of a clear counterfactual marker in Chinese results in a deficiency in counterfactual reasoning (Au, 1983, 1984; Bloom, 1981, 1984; Liu, 1985). We describe a study in which we compared two kinds of counterfactual assertions. The results showed an accuracy advantage for English speakers over Chinese speakers when specific contextual information was required to detect the counterfactual, but not on other counterfactual sentences. Implications for language and thought are discussed.
The changing architecture of the neonatal rat ovary during histogenesis

The purpose of this study was to describe the changing histological organization of the rat ovary during postpartum days one through three (p1‐p3). A PC‐based image‐combining microscope system was used to reconstruct the ovary in three dimensions. On p1, cylindrical pocket‐like structures radiated from the core of the ovary that were open toward the surface epithelium. The walls of the pockets contained connective tissue cells and capillaries (stroma). By p2, these pockets had completely closed; each pocket enclosed a small nest of oocytes and a few presumptive granulosa cells. By p3, the pocket‐like organization had disappeared. On p1, only one or two primordial follicle‐like structures were observed in the core and toward the periphery of the ovary; most oocytes were not enclosed in follicles. By p3, very few naked oocytes remained; primordial follicles predominated in all the regions of the ovary and some of the follicles had multiple layers of granulosa cells. There were changes in location, area, and volume of the rete tubules during these postnatal days. The extraovarian rete was visible on all 3 days but changed its orientation relative to the ovary. The connecting rete was found beneath the epithelial layer of the ovary on all 3 days and showed dramatic increase in area on p2. The wide lumen of the intraovarian rete was in direct contact with some of the oocytes near by on all 3 days, but these “communication points” were most abundant on p2. Based on our observations of different cell–cell associations during this time period, we hypothesize (1) that the mesenchymal–presumptive granulosa cell association is essential for the completion of folliculogenesis, and (2) the rete ovarii may have an inductive role in follicle assembly. These observations suggest that the first 3 days postpartum are critically important for studying the heterogeneous cell interactions that lead to the assembly of primordial follicles. The regional differences in tissue organization during this formative period may have significant implications on later aspects of follicular development. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integrative Analysis to Identify Common Genetic Markers of Metabolic Syndrome, Dementia, and Diabetes

Background Emerging data have established links between systemic metabolic dysfunction, such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS), with neurocognitive impairment, including dementia. The common gene signature and the associated signaling pathways of MetS, diabetes, and dementia have not been widely studied. Material/Methods We exploited the translational bioinformatics approach to choose the common gene signatures for both dementia and MetS. For this we employed “DisGeNET discovery platform”. Results Gene mining analysis revealed that a total of 173 genes (86 genes common to all three diseases) which comprised a proportion of 43% of the total genes associated with dementia. The gene enrichment analysis showed that these genes were involved in dysregulation in the neurological system (23.2%) and the central nervous system (20.8%) phenotype processes. The network analysis revealed APOE, APP, PARK2, CEPBP, PARP1, MT-CO2, CXCR4, IGFIR, CCR5, and PIK3CD as important nodes with significant interacting partners. The meta-regression analysis showed modest association of APOE with dementia and metabolic complications. The directionality of effects of the variants on Alzheimer disease is generally consistent with previous observations and did not differ by race/ethnicity (p>0.05), although our study had low power for this test. Conclusions Our novel approach showed APOE as a common gene signature with a link to dementia, MetS, and diabetes. Future gene association studies should focus on the association of gene polymorphisms with multiple disease models to identify novel putative drug targets.
Model-Based Testing with AsmL .NET

We present work on a tool environment for model-based testing with the Abstract State Machine Language (AsmL). Our environment supports semi-automatic parameter generation, call sequence generation and conformance testing. We outline the usage of the environment by an example, discuss its underlying technologies, and report on some applications conducted in the Microsoft environment.
Real-Time state-dependent routing based on user perception

In order to successfully resolve the network infrastructure's problems the network provider has to improve the service quality. However in traditional ways, maintaining and improving of the service quality are generally determined in terms of quality of service criteria, not in terms of satisfaction and perception to the end-user. The latter is represented by Quality of Experience (QoE) that becomes recently the most important tendency to guarantee the quality of network services. QoE represents the subjective perception of end-users using network services with network functions such as admission control, resource management, routing, traffic control, etc. In this paper, we focus on routing mechanism driven by QoE end-users. Today, NP-complete is one of the most routing algorithm problems when trying to satisfy multi QoS constraints criteria simultaneously. In order to avoid the classification problem of these multiple criteria reducing the complexity problem for the future Internet, we propose two protocols based on user QoE measurement in routing paradigm to construct an adaptive and evolutionary system. Our first approach is a routing driven by terminal QoE basing on a least squares reinforcement learning technique called Least Squares Policy Iteration. The second approach, namely QQAR (QoE Q-learning based Adaptive Routing), is a improvement of the first one. QQAR basing on Q-Learning, a Reinforcement Learning algorithm, uses Pseudo Subjective Quality Assessment (PSQA), a real-time QoE assessment tool based on Random Neural Network, to evaluate QoE. Experimental results showed a significant performance against over other traditional routing protocols.
Joint Link Scheduling, Beamforming and Power Control for Maximizing the Sum-Rate of Cognitive Wireless Mesh Networks

We consider a time division multiple access (TDMA) based cognitive wireless mesh network (CWMN), where pairs of mesh nodes communicate with each other by sharing a spectrum that is licensed to a primary network with multiple primary users (PUs) who have exclusive right to occupy the spectrum. All the mesh nodes are equipped with multiple antennas capable of beamforming. For such a system, we investigate joint link scheduling, beamforming and power control with the objective of maximizing the sum-rate of CWMN under the minimum data rate requirement constraint of each mesh link (mesh node pair), total transmit power constraint of CWMN in a time slot, and maximum allowable interference constraint of each primary user (PU). The sum-rate maximization subject to the above mentioned constraints gives rise to a non-convex mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem which is practically intractable. In order to find an efficient solution of the MINLP, we employ an extended duality based algorithm that uses multiple penalty multipliers to remove the duality gap of the non-convex MINLP problem. Simulation results show that the extended duality based solution performs very close to the optimal solution obtained by exhaustive search algorithm.
Utility of dextroamphetamine for attenuating the impact of sleep deprivation in pilots.

INTRODUCTION Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) is an effective fatigue countermeasure for use in military subject pilots who are deprived of sleep. Anecdotal reports have indicated Dexedrine (Dex) is effective in "real world" sustained operations, and controlled laboratory tests have yielded positive results as well. The aim of this study was to substantiate the efficacy of Dex for sustaining the alertness and performance of pilots during periods of sleep deprivation by showing the robust effects of the medication and its consistent effects across several research efforts. METHODS In the present report, selected data from several controlled aviation studies were reviewed and combined to corroborate the efficacy of Dex as a fatigue countermeasure. RESULTS The results showed Dex to be effective for maintaining flight skills, psychological mood, and physiological activation (measured via electroencephalograph data) in sleep-deprived pilots. The positive benefits of the medication were not offset by marked disruptions in recovery sleep, although some negative effects were observed (sleep was lighter for several hours following drug administration). CONCLUSIONS Dex is a viable remedy for fatigue in aviation sustained operations. However, Dex is not a substitute for proper crew-rest scheduling because there is no replacement for adequate restful sleep.
Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Lacking PVL, as a Cause of Severe Invasive Infection Treated with Linezolid

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is an emerging public health problem worldwide. Severe invasive infections have been described, mostly associated with the presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL). In Portugal limited information exists regarding CA-MRSA infections. In this study we describe the case of a previously healthy 12-year-old female, sport athlete, who presented to the hospital with acetabulofemoral septic arthritis, myositis, fasciitis, acetabulum osteomyelitis, and pneumonia. The MRSA isolated from blood and synovial fluid was PVL negative and staphylococcal enterotoxin type P (SEP) and type L (SEL) positive, with a vancomycin MIC of 1.0 mg/L and resistant to clindamycin and ciprofloxacin. The patient was submitted to multiple surgical drainages and started on vancomycin, rifampicin, and gentamycin. Due to persistence of fever and no microbiological clearance, linezolid was started with improvement. This is one of the few reported cases of severe invasive infection caused by CA-MRSA in Portugal, which was successfully treated with linezolid. In spite of the severity of infection, the MRSA isolate did not produce PVL.
Discovering Multi-Scale Co-Occurrence Patterns of Asthma and Influenza with Oak Ridge Bio-Surveillance Toolkit

We describe a data-driven unsupervised machine learning approach to extract geo-temporal co-occurrence patterns of asthma and the flu from large-scale electronic healthcare reimbursement claims (eHRC) datasets. Specifically, we examine the eHRC data from 2009 to 2010 pandemic H1N1 influenza season and analyze whether different geographic regions within the United States (US) showed an increase in co-occurrence patterns of the flu and asthma. Our analyses reveal that the temporal patterns extracted from the eHRC data show a distinct lag time between the peak incidence of the asthma and the flu. While the increased occurrence of asthma contributed to increased flu incidence during the pandemic, this co-occurrence is predominant for female patients. The geo-temporal patterns reveal that the co-occurrence of the flu and asthma are typically concentrated within the south-east US. Further, in agreement with previous studies, large urban areas (such as New York, Miami, and Los Angeles) exhibit co-occurrence patterns that suggest a peak incidence of asthma and flu significantly early in the spring and winter seasons. Together, our data-analytic approach, integrated within the Oak Ridge Bio-surveillance Toolkit platform, demonstrates how eHRC data can provide novel insights into co-occurring disease patterns.
Social workers' knowledge and attitudes about treating children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

SOCIAL WORKERS’ KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES ABOUT TREATING CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER by ANGELAH DAWN GOMEZ May 2011 Advisor: Dr. Arlene Weisz Major: Community Practice and Social Action Degree: Master of Social Work The current research seeks to understand how social work students and soc i l work professionals increase their knowledge about AD/HD and how they for mulate their attitudes about the disorder. The literature provided illustrates the many com ponents of AD/HD risks, etiology, treatments, and professional opinions about the disorder. AD/HD is one of the most studied childhood mental health disorders in the nation. However, there is little research providing insight to social workers’ knowledge and attitudes about the disor der. This is especially alarming because social workers are one of the lar g st professional populations to provide mental health services to children and their families. Pra ctitioners’ knowledge and attitudes about the disorders has an impact on the patient-clinician relationship. It can have an affect the likelihood that the client will adhere to the treatment plan and it af fec s the professional relationship between the clinician and other treatment professionals.
Understanding Non-Monogamies

Section 1: Situating Non-monogamies 1. Introduction Meg Barker and Darren Langdridge 2. Deconstructing Monogamy: Boundaries, Identities, and Fluidities across Relationships Katherine Frank and John DeLamater Section 2: Representing Non-monogamies 3. Non-monogamy and Fiction Esther Saxey 4. 'Science Says She's Gotta Have it': Reading for Racial Resonances in Woman-Centered Poly Literature Angela Willey 5. Discursive Constructions of Polyamory in Mono-normative Media Culture Ani Ritchie Section 3: Distinguishing Non-monogamies 6. Relationship Innovation in Male Couples Barry D. Adam 7. Swinging: Pushing the Boundaries of Monogamy? Dee McDonald 8. There Were Three in the Bed: Discursive Desire and the Sex Lives of Swingers Shalanda Phillips 9. Geeks, Goddesses, and Green Eggs: Political Mobilization and the Cultural Locus of the Polyamorous Community in the San Francisco Bay Area Hadar Aviram 10. Social Sex: Young Women and Early Sexual Relationships Maya Lavie-Ajayi, Colette D.R. Jones and Lucy Russell Section 4: Intersecting Non-monogamies 11. Paradoxes in Gender Relations: [Post] Feminism and Bisexual Polyamory Christian Klesse 12. Trans and Non-Monogamies Christina Richards 13. 'Many Partners, Many Friends': Gay and Bisexual Mormon Men's Views of Non-Monogamous Relationships Jose Miguel Montenegro 14. Non-Monogamy in Queer BDSM Communities: Putting the Sex back into Alternative Relationship Practices and Discourse Robin Bauer 15. Asexual Relationships: What Does Asexuality Have to Do with Polyamory? Kristin S. Scherrer 16. Disability And Polyamory: Exploring the Edges of Inter-Dependence, Gender and Queer Issues in Non-Monogamous Relationships Alessandra (Alex) Iantaffi Section 5: Extending Non-monogamies 17. Strategies in Polyamorous Parenting Elisabeth Sheff 18. 'To Pass, Border or Pollute': Polyfamilies Go to School Maria Pallotta-Chiarolli 19. Developing a 'Responsible' Foster Care Praxis: Poly as a Framework for Examining Power and Propriety in Family Contexts Damien W. Riggs Section 6: Counselling Non-monogamies 20. The Power Mechanisms of Jealousy Pepper Mint 21. Making Friends with Jealousy: Therapy with Polyamorous Clients Dossie Easton 22. Promiscuities: Politics, Imagination, Spirituality and Hypocrisy Andrew Samuels Section 7: Theorising Non-monogamies 23. Conditions of Freedom in Practices of Non-monogamous Commitment Mark Finn 24. Sex, Space and Discourse: Non/monogamy and Intimate Privilege in the Public Sphere Nathan Rambukkana 25. What's Queer about Non-monogamy Now? Eleanor Wilkinson 26. Love without Borders? Intimacy, Identity and the State of Compulsory Monogamy Jamie Heckert
An Agent-based Simulation for Modeling Intelligent Munitions

An agent-based emergent intelligence methodology is utilized to assemble agents into teams and assign distributed tasks to them in a dynamic environment. The application concerns the management of military missions that utilize intelligent munitions that are capable of searching, detecting, identifying, and attacking targets in a battlefield. The simulator follows a reactive, behavior-based design philosophy. Agents are implemented as asynchronous threads that employ polymorphic signal-based communication. Results to date indicate that the simulation framework is effective in evaluating ways for emergent teams to quickly solve dynamic teaming and task allocation problems. Key-Words: Autonomous agents, Simulation, Intelligent munitions, Unmanned Air Vehicles
The transport properties of axonal microtubules establish their polarity orientation

It is well established that axonal microtubules (MTs) are uniformly oriented with their plus ends distal to the neuronal cell body (Heidemann, S. R., J. M. Landers, and M. A. Hamborg. 1981. J. Cell Biol. 91:661-665). However, the mechanisms by which these MTs achieve their uniform polarity orientation are unknown. Current models for axon growth differ with regard to the contributions of MT assembly and transport to the organization and elaboration of the axonal MT array. Do the transport properties or assembly properties of axonal MTs determine their polarity orientation? To distinguish between these possibilities, we wished to study the initiation and outgrowth of axons under conditions that would arrest MT assembly while maintaining substantial levels of preexisting polymer in the cell body that could still be transported into the axon. We found that we could accomplish this by culturing rat sympathetic neurons in the presence of nanomolar levels of vinblastine. In concentrations of the drug up to and including 100 nM, the neurons actively extend axons. The vinblastine- axons are shorter than control axons, but clearly contain MTs. To quantify the effects of the drug on MT mass, we compared the levels of polymer throughout the cell bodies and axons of neurons cultured overnight in the presence of 0, 16, and 50 nM vinblastine with the levels of MT polymer in freshly plated neurons before axon outgrowth. Without drug, the total levels of polymer increase by roughly twofold. At 16 nM vinblastine, the levels of polymer are roughly equal to the levels in freshly plated neurons, while at 50 nM, the levels of polymer are reduced by about half this amount. Thus, 16 nM vinblastine acts as a "kinetic stabilizer" of MTs, while 50 nM results in some net MT disassembly. At both drug concentrations, there is a progressive increase in the levels of MT polymer in the axons as they grow, and a corresponding depletion of polymer from the cell body. These results indicate that highly efficient mechanisms exist in the neuron to transport preassembled MTs from the cell body into the axon. These mechanisms are active even at the expense of the cell body, and even under conditions that promote some MT disassembly in the neuron. MT polarity analyses indicate that the MTs within the vinblastine-axons, like those in control axons, are uniformly plus-end-distal. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Emerging tourism development for tourism and hospitality in Taiwan

Purpose – The purpose of this Editorial is to introduce the current tourism and hospitality research interesting topics in Taiwan.Design/methodology/approach – Introduces the papers in this special issue.Findings – All of these papers explore the issues concerning Taiwan tourism development. The entries cover Northern Taiwan, two from Middle Taiwan, and two from Southern Taiwan. That duly indicates tourism study, in terms of quantity and quality, comes from all over Taiwan.Originality/value – This Taiwan special issue is a touchstone to initiate more tourism journals to be published by the Taiwan special issue in the near future.