Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Efficient Annotation for Phrasal Verbs using Dependency Information

In this paper, we present an efficient semiautomatic method for annotating English phrasal verbs on the OntoNotes corpus. Our method first constructs a phrasal verb dictionary based on Wiktionary, then annotates each candidate example on the corpus as an either a phrasal verb usage or a literal one. For efficient annotation, we use the dependency structure of a sentence to filter out highly plausible positive and negative cases, resulting in a drastic reduction of annotation cost. We also show that a naive binary classification achieves better MWE identification performance than rule-based and sequence-labeling methods.
Acute Aerobic Exercise Enhances Students’ Creativity

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an aerobics games class on creativity in children during the school day. Participants were 96 students (age = 9.84 ± 1.12 years), 48 girls and 48 boys. The students were randomly assigned to the experimental group (EG, n = 48) or the control group (CG, n = 48). The Prueba de Imaginación Creativa-Niños (PIC-N) test was employed to assess narrative and graphic creativity. The EG took part in an aerobic games session lasting 45 min; the CG did not take part in a physical education class on that school day. As for group × time interaction, the EG experienced significant improvements in all creativity variables except in graphic originality, graphic titles, and graphic details. The CG did not improve any creativity variables. The findings suggest that acute aerobic exercise can enhance students’ creativity, which could be important for academic achievement.
An overview of the progress on double umbilical cord blood transplantation

Umbilical cord blood transplantation has been increasingly used over the past years for both malignant and non-malignant hematologic and other diseases as an alternative to mismatched-related or matched-unrelated bone marrow or peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A disadvantage of cord blood is its low cell content which limits cord blood transplantation to generally low weight recipients, such as children. Various alternatives have been used to overcome this limitation, including co-infusion of two partially HLA-matched cord blood units. According to Eurocord Registry data, this strategy has been applied in approximately 993 adult patients with hematologic diseases since the first double umbilical cord blood transplantation in 1999. In fact, since 2005, the number of adult patients receiving double umbilical cord blood transplantation has surpassed the number of adults transplanted with single cord blood units. The engraftment rate is comparable for both single and double umbilical cord blood transplantation, although the latter is accompanied by a higher incidence of grade II acute graft-versus-host disease and lower leukemia relapse for patients in first complete remission. In the majority of patients undergoing double umbilical cord blood transplantation, transient chimerism, due to the presence of cells from both donor units early post transplant, is replaced by sustained dominance of one unit from which long-term hematopoiesis is derived. Although the biology and the factors that determine unit dominance have not been clarified, the implication of immune-mediated mechanisms has been reported. Preliminary data have demonstrated the safety of double umbilical cord blood transplantation. Ongoing clinical trials and prolonged follow up of the patients will clarify the immunology and determine the efficacy of this approach. We present here a brief overview of the clinical experience on double umbilical cord blood transplantation and its underlying biology.
Two genetic circuits repress the Caenorhabditis elegans heterochronic gene lin-28 after translation initiation.

The heterochronic gene lin-28 of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans controls the relative timing of diverse developmental events during the animal's larval stages. lin-28 is stage-specifically regulated by two genetic circuits: negatively by the 22-nt RNA lin-4 and positively by the heterochronic gene lin-14. Here, we show that lin-28 is repressed during normal development by a mechanism that acts on its mRNA after translation initiation. We provide evidence that lin-14 inhibits a negative regulation that is independent of the lin-4 RNA and involves the gene daf-12, which encodes a nuclear hormone receptor. The lin-4-independent repression does not affect the initiation of translation on the lin-28 mRNA, and like the lin-4-mediated repression, acts through the gene's 3'-untranslated region. In addition, we find that lin-4 is not sufficient to cause repression of lin-28 if the lin-4-independent circuit is inhibited. Therefore, the lin-4-independent circuit likely contributes substantially to the down-regulation of lin-28 that occurs during normal development. The role of lin-4 may be to initiate or potentiate the lin-4-independent circuit. We speculate that a parallel lin-4-independent regulatory mechanism regulates the expression of lin-14.
Design and Implementation of BIOS for Godson-3A Interconnections

The hardware design of Godson-3A processor adopts the scalable distributed multi-core structure which is based on a 2D mesh. It can make use of multi-chip interconnection to construct a unified topology structure for board level or system level. This kind of interconnected system can't achieve entirely by hardware design, and it also needs the reasonable design of the BIOS and upper software. As the only bridge between hardware and software, the BIOS plays an important role in the computer system. In this paper, we introduce the two-level scalable architecture implemented inside Godson-3A, and discuss the realization of software routing configuration mechanism by the crossbar switch in detail. Based on the above analysis, we analyze the design and implementation of BIOS in a CC-NUMA system composed by multiple processors with support of Godson-3A hardware design, and in a larger NCC- NUMA system formed by multiple CC-NUMA systems.
Endogenous RhoG is dispensable for integrin-mediated cell spreading but contributes to Rac-independent migration

Rac activation by integrins is essential for cell spreading, migration, growth and survival. Based mainly on overexpression of dominant-negative mutants, RhoG has been proposed to mediate integrin-dependent Rac activation upstream of ELMO and Dock180. RhoG-knockout mice, however, display no significant developmental or functional abnormalities. To clarify the role of RhoG in integrin-mediated signaling, we developed a RhoG-specific antibody, which, together with shRNA-mediated knockdown, allowed analysis of the endogenous protein. Despite dramatic effects of dominant-negative constructs, nearly complete RhoG depletion did not substantially inhibit cell adhesion, spreading, migration or Rac activation. Additionally, RhoG was not detectably activated by adhesion to fibronectin. Using Rac1–/– cells, we found that constitutively active RhoG induced membrane ruffling via both Rac-dependent and -independent pathways. Additionally, endogenous RhoG was important for Rac-independent cell migration. However, RhoG did not significantly contribute to cell spreading even in these cells. These data therefore clarify the role of RhoG in integrin signaling and cell motility.
Unravelling the complex genetics of inflammatory bowel disease

The rapid pace of progress in molecular genetics over the past 15 years—since the seminal description of the polymerase chain reaction—has led to the identification of the genes involved in many single gene disorders. These successes in the laboratory have already led directly to clinical applications in diagnosis, pharmacogenetics, and the development of new therapies. Progress in unravelling the genetics of complex diseases has been less straightforward. However, real excitement has followed the identification of the NOD 2/CARD 15 gene as an important determinant of susceptibility to Crohn’s disease.1,2 Not only has this finding provided a proof of principle for the technique of genome-wide scanning in complex disorders, but the discovery also has given real insight into the primary pathophysiology involved in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. The background to this discovery and its implications form the basis for the present article.
Classification of the marking on integrated circuit chips based on moments and projection profile - a comparison

In this paper, an Industrial machine vision system incorporating Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is employed to inspect the marking on the Integrated Circuit (IC) Chips. This inspection is carried out while the ICs are coming out from the manufacturing line. A TSSOP-DGG type of IC package from Texas Instrument is used in the investigation. The IC chips are laser printed. This inspection system ensures whether the laser printed marking on IC chips are proper. One of the artificial intelligence components the neural network, is used for inspection. The inspections are carried out to find the print errors such as illegible character, missing characters and up side down printing. The vision inspection of the printed markings on the IC chip are carried out in three phases namely image preprocessing, feature extraction and classification. MATLAB platform and its toolboxes are used for designing the inspection processing technique. Neural network is used as a classifier to detect the defectively marked IC chips coming from the manufacturing line. In neural network, feature extracted from moments and projection profile are used for inspection. Both feature extraction methods are compared in terms of marking inspection time.
Speaker Identification and Authentication System using Energy based Cepstral Data Technique

This paper aims to design a speaker identification system using data optimization technique. Speaker identification is an important task for authentication and verification in a system. In this paper a technique of text-dependent speaker identification using energy optimized Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) features from the speech signal are derived. At the stage of classification, a distance measure technique is used. Energy of each frame in the training and test files are calculated. Energy frames with respect to the pitch of each speaker are retained and the rest are pruned from the original speech training files. In this way, frames that are only helpful in identifying the speaker is kept for distance measure. Results are evaluated using MFCC-13 and MFCC-39 coefficients. Euclidean distance metric is used to find the speaker from the existing training files.
Counterexample-guided Abstraction Refinement for Model Checking ATL

Preliminaries Alternating-time temporal logic (ATL) [1] is designed to specify collaborative as well as adversarial interaction between different components of a distributed system. Checking the validity of an alternating-time property in an explicit model is cheap: linear in the size of the formula and the model. Alternating transition systems (ATS) are used to model reactive components and their interactions. Given an ATS A and an ATL-specification φ we can construct a weak two-player game G A. (A weak game is an infinite game over a finite arena with a particularly simple acceptance mechanism.) The two players represent a ‘verifier’ that tries to demonstrate that A satisfies φ, and a ‘falsifier’, who tries to disprove this claim. Checking validity can be reduced to finding a winning strategy for either player in the model-checking game G A. This strategy also serves as a witness for the correctness of the model (if the ‘verifier’ wins) or as a counterexample (if the ‘falsifier’ wins). The size of the arena of this game is bilinear in the size of the ATS and the specification, while solving weak games takes only linear time. However, this seemingly low complexity is misleading, since models are usually described symbolically rather than explicitly. (For the specification language used in MOCHA, for example, the ATL model-checking complexity is provably exponential in the size of the specification.) The simplest method to model-check a symbolic model S is to first transform it into an explicit representationA, and then construct the model-checking game G A. This method is, however, intractable if the explicit state-space becomes infinite, and inefficient in most other cases. Thus, methods for coping with large (and infinite) state-spaces are crucial for bringing model checking into practice. The common approach to treating large and infinite state-spaces in model checking is abstraction. That is, we construct a ”simpler” model for which it is cheaper to check the desired property. Counterexample-guided refinement is a technique for the automatic construction of an abstraction, which is precise enough to prove (or disprove) the given property. One starts with a coarse abstraction; if the attempt to verify the abstract model fails, there is an abstract counterexample which is either genuine (that is, it has a concrete counterpart), or spurious. In the latter case, the spurious counterexample is exploited to guide the refinement of the abstract model.
Control of cortical rigidity by the cytoskeleton: Emerging roles for septins

The cortex is the outermost region of the cell, comprising all of the elements from the plasma membrane to the cortical actin cytoskeleton that cooperate to maintain the cell's shape and topology. In eukaryotes without cell walls, this cortex governs the contact between their plasma membranes and the environment and thereby influences cell shape, motility, and signaling. It is therefore of considerable interest to understand how cells control their cortices, both globally and with respect to small subdomains. Here we review the current understanding of this control, including the regulation of cell shape by balances of outward hydrostatic pressure and cortical tension. The actomyosin cytoskeleton is the canonical regulator of cortical rigidity and indeed many would consider the cortex to comprise the actin cortex nearly exclusively. However, this actomyosin array is intimately linked to the membrane, for example via ERM and PIP2 proteins. Additionally, the lipid membrane likely undergoes rigidification by other players, such as Bin‐Amphiphysin‐Rvs proteins. Recent data also indicates that the septin cytoskeleton may play a formidable and more direct role in stabilization of membranes, particularly in contexts where cells receive limited external stabilization from their environments. Here, we review how septins may play this role, drawing on their physical form, their ability to directly bind and modify membranes and actomyosin, and their interactions with vesicular machinery. Deficiencies and alterations in the nature of the septin cytoskeleton may thus be relevant in multiple disease settings. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Creating a Methodology for Large-Scale Correction of Treebank Annotation : The Case of the Arabic Treebank

The LDC Arabic Treebank team has significantly revised and enhanced its annotation guidelines and annotation procedures over the last two years, with the goal of reducing inconsistency in annotation in the Treebank. We have now completed automatic and significant manual revisions to 738,845 tokens/words in total, bringing them into line as far as possible with the new annotation guidelines and greatly improving the annotation consistency. We created a methodology for large-scale correction of Treebank annotation during the course of this revision process, balancing the need for consistency with tight time constraints for correcting and updating a large amount of data annotated according to previous guidelines. The combination and interleaving of automatic and manual corrections were crucial to the success of the overall revision. We also demonstrate the success of the revision by reporting on an improvement in parsing results.
Diagnosis of mechanical devices by the ICA with sub-band filter

This paper considers a method of separating the acoustic signals of mechanical devices by using independent component analysis (ICA) with a band-pass filter. The frequency distribution of a recorded acoustic signal of the operating mechanical device can be divided into three fields such as the low, the medium, and the high-frequency fields. Since only the medium-frequency components are the mixture of acoustic signals of gears and motors, the ICA with band-pass filters is expected to separate the acoustic signals of motors and gears more accurately than the conventional ICA. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can separate the acoustic signals of motors and gears of mechanical devices successfully.
Managing intelligent self-sustained electrical micro-grids

Micro grids play an important role in the context of smart grids, improving the system reliability, resilience and stability. In case of micro grids disconnected from the main grid, due to geographical reasons or failure in the service provider, the self-sustainability management is a key issue. This paper discusses agent-based automation and control approaches to handle the self-sustainability in electrical stand-alone micro grids. The proposed agent-based model is applied to a case study and simulated using the Netlogo agent-based modelling platform, allowing to analyze different control and prediction strategies to improve their self-sustainability.
Compact Refrigeration System For Electronics Cooling Based on a Novel Two-Phase Jet Impingement Heat Sink

The performance of a compact vapor compression cooling system equipped with a R-134a small-scale oil-free compressor and a novel heat sink that integrates, into a single unit, the evaporator and the expansion device was experimentally evaluated. The expansion device can be a single orifice or an array of orifices responsible for the generation of a high-speed two-phase jet impinging on a heated surface. A comparison between the performance of the proposed refrigeration system operating with single and multiple jets is presented and the influence of the following parameters is quantified: (i) thermal load applied on the heat sink, (ii) number of orifices and (iii) geometrical arrangement of the orifices (jets). The analysis is based on thermodynamic performance metrics (coefficient of performance, second-law efficiency and second-law ratio) and steady-state heat transfer parameters (surface temperature and average heat transfer coefficient) associated with the impinging jet(s) for single and multiple orifice tests. The two-phase jet heat sink was capable of dissipating cooling loads of up to 160 W and 200 W from a 6.36-cm2 surface for single and multiple orifice configurations, respectively. For these cases, the temperature of the impingement surface was kept below 40oC and the average heat transfer coefficient reached values between 14,000 and 16,000 W/(m2K). The proposed compact vapor compression cooling solution can be further developed for specific applications in thermal management of power electronics for a variety of stationary and mobile systems.
A Client Puzzle Based Defense Mechanism to Resist DoS Attacks in WLAN

Wireless networking technologies based on the IEEE802.11 series of standards fail to authenticate management frames and network card addresses and suffer from serious vulnerabilities that may lead to denial of service attacks, this paper proposes a client puzzle based defense mechanism to resist two resource depletion type DoS attacks: authentication and association attacks, in the proposed mechanism, we ask the client to solve a puzzle send by the access point, this puzzle could only be solved by brute force. The difficulty degree of the puzzle could be easily adjusted by access point. In our mechanism, parameters are placed into unused field of the management frames. The effectiveness of our mechanism in defending DoS attacks is demonstrated using our experimental results.
Clock Synchronization through Handshaking

We present a method for synchronizing pausible clocks in GALS (Globally Asynchronous, Locally Synchronous) systems, which --in contrast to most conventional GALS schemes-is not based on including in each ring oscillator a standard element for pausing the clock (such as for instance an arbiter). Instead, we propose a scheme in which each synchronous module has both an incoming and an outgoing clock signal, which have been obtained by opening the module’s ring oscillator. Since these clock signals behave as handshake signals, handshake circuits can be used to synchronize the clocks. The simplest form of clock synchronization is by means of a C-element leading to a direct synchronization with a small and predictable timing overhead. Since the synchronization is symmetric, it supports bidirectional communication. Arbiters are only needed when they are unavoidable, for example for sharing resources between independent clock domains. We demonstrate the technique in the context of processors and memories and show its advantages in the following cases: the processor does not access the memory every clock cycle, the processor does not wait for the completion of a write access, the processor accesses several memories, several processors share a memory and several processors share several memories. All the designs have been simulated and proved functionally correct.
Emergence of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Progressive Spread and Four-Year Period of Observation in a Cardiac Surgery Division

Frequent use of carbapenems has contributed to the increase to K. pneumoniae strains resistant to this class of antibiotics (CRKP), causing a problem in the clinical treatment of patients. This investigation reports the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and clinical implication of the resistance to drugs mediated by CRKP in our hospital. A total of 280 K. pneumoniae strains were collected; in particular 98/280 (35%) were CRKP. Sequencing analysis of CRKP isolated strains showed that 9/98 of MBL-producing strains carried the bla VIM-1 gene and 89/98 of the isolates were positive for bla KPC-2. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed a complete resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and a moderate resistance to tigecycline, gentamicin, and fluoroquinolones with percentages of resistance of 61%, 64%, and 98%, respectively. A resistance of 31% was shown towards trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Colistin was the most active agent against CRKP with 99% of susceptibility. Clonality was evaluated by PFGE and MLST: MLST showed the same clonal type, ST258, while PFGE analysis indicated the presence of a major clone, namely, pulsotype A. This finding indicates that the prevalent resistant isolates were genetically related, suggesting that the spread of these genes could be due to clonal dissemination as well as to genetic exchange between different clones.
Origin Validation Policy Considerations for Dropping Invalid Routes

Deployment of Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) and Route Origin Authorizations (ROAs) is expected to occur gradually over several or many years. During the incremental deployment period, network operators would wish to have a meaningful policy for dropping Invalid routes. Their goal is to balance (A) dropping Invalid routes so hijacked routes can be eliminated, versus (B) tolerance for missing or erroneously created ROAs for customer prefixes. This document considers a Drop Invalid if Still Routable (DISR) policy that is based on these considerations. The key principle of DISR policy is that an Invalid route can be dropped if a Valid or NotFound route exists for a subsuming less specific prefix.
Using Plausible Reasoning in Modular Robots Kinematics

This paper intends to continue the author research program on modular robots by a new solution of the inverse kinematics problem. An original method based on plausible reasoning is proposed. The paper structure consists on the following parts: an introduction where the inverse kinematics problem and the plausible reasoning principles are presented, the description of the proposed method and simulations results illustration. Conclusion and future works intentions will end the paper.