Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Project Summary : NeTS : Small : Modeling IPv 6 Adoption : A Measurement-driven Computational Approach

Broad industry awareness of IPv4 address scarcity has driven widespread support for IPv6 in most modern operating systems and network equipment, but even with years of encouragement from regional address registries (RIRs), and government mandates, the actual uptake of IPv6 has been disappointing. A vast ecosystem of software applications and devices still do not support IPv6, and many technologies designed to support the transition add complexity and reduce performance and reliability. Further complicating the situation, the RIR communities have approved policies that could have the unintended consequence of halting the adoption of IPv6 altogether. Understandably then, there is a blinding lack of consensus on whether IPv6 will ever be widely adopted by ISPs, leaving the broader Internet ecosystem with tremendous uncertainty and risk in planning for the future. While some companies have avoided IPv6 deployment, others have undertaken valiant efforts to be early adopters of IPv6, risking loss of their investment should the transition ultimately fail. Given these daunting circumstances, even skeptics of our ability to comprehend the dynamics of such a large and complex network as the Internet must consider the utility of measurements to characterize factors affecting IPv6 deployment, and a model to inform the actions of stakeholders in the transition to IPv6. We propose a two-phase project to measure and computationally model the adoption of IPv6. In the first phase we will extensively measure two phenomena in the current IP addressing ecosystem that may either cause and/or reflect IPv6 deployment decisions: market-based transfers of IPv4 address blocks and deployment of Carrier Grade NATs (CGNs). The measurement phase will deliver detailed characterizations of these emerging phenomena, and empirically ground the second phase of our project: developing and applying a computational model that captures decision processes of key stakeholders, accounting for the impacts of costs, performance, address markets, the availability of alternate solutions (e.g., CGNs), and geographic/political constraints on IPv6 deployment decisions. We will use the model to explore the influence of several known factors, individually and in combination, and perform predictive modeling of the impact of those factors and decisions of Internet stakeholders on the state of overall IPv6 adoption. Intellectual merit: The collected measurement data and quantitative and predictive nature of the modeling effort will enable transformative research on the most important architectural transition thus far of the Internet. Existing models for studying IPv6 deployment ignore the reality that in most organizations transition will occur incrementally — …
Poster: Resource Allocation with Conflict Resolution for Vehicular Sidelink Broadcast Communications

In this paper we present a graph-based resource allocation scheme for sidelink broadcast V2V communications. Harnessing available information on geographical position of vehicles and spectrum resources utilization, eNodeBs are capable of allotting the same set of sidelink resources to different vehicles distributed among several communications clusters. Within a communications cluster, it is crucial to prevent time-domain allocation conflicts since vehicles cannot transmit and receive simultaneously, i.e., they must transmit in orthogonal time resources. In this research, we present a solution based on a bipartite graph, where vehicles and spectrum resources are represented by vertices whereas the edges represent the achievable rate in each resource based on the SINR that each vehicle perceives. The aforementioned time orthogonality constraint can be approached by aggregating conflicting vertices into macro-vertices which, in addition, reduces the search complexity. We show mathematically and through simulations that the proposed approach yields an optimal solution. In addition, we provide simulations showing that the proposed method outperforms other competing approaches, specially in scenarios with high vehicular density.
Complex I and Its Involvement in Redox Homeostasis and Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Rhodobacter capsulatus

ABSTRACT A transposon mutant of Rhodobacter capsulatus, strain Mal7, that was incapable of photoautotrophic and chemoautotrophic growth and could not grow photoheterotrophically in the absence of an exogenous electron acceptor was isolated. The phenotype of strain Mal7 suggested that the mutation was in some gene(s) not previously shown to be involved in CO2 fixation control. The site of transposition in strain Mal7 was identified and shown to be in the gene nuoF, which encodes one of the 14 subunits for NADH ubiquinone-oxidoreductase, or complex I. To confirm the role of complex I and nuoF for CO2-dependent growth, a site-directed nuoFmutant was constructed (strain SBC1) in wild-type strain SB1003. The complex I-deficient strains Mal7 and SBC1 exhibited identical phenotypes, and the pattern of CO2 fixation control through the Calvin-Benson-Bassham pathway was the same for both strains. It addition, it was shown that electron transport through complex I led to differential control of the two major cbb operons of this organism. Complex I was further shown to be linked to the control of nitrogen metabolism during anaerobic photosynthetic growth ofR. capsulatus.
Bioincompatibility: An Overview

Over the last few years, both scientists and the biomedical industry have been showing increasing interest in bioincompatibility. One of the main problems, however, is that the definition may be different, depending on the interests of researchers involved. Most bioincompatibility problems are not related to a specific artificial organ system, but may be common to different domains. Biocompatibility, as the counterpart of bioincompatibility, may be defined as the absence of any reaction during or after the contact of the body, a body fluid or an organ with an artificial device or with a foreign surface (1). Biocompatibility per se does not exist: whatever the basic system or chemical structure, biochemical or biophysical reactions will always occur one way or another after contact with foreign structures. Differences are related more to the intensity and the type of reaction, than to its presence or absence. This paper will review seven bioincompatibility questions: clotting, complement and leucocyte activation, susceptibility to infection, leaching, surface alterations, allergic reactions and shear.
Nonlinear Adaptive Control Approach for Parallel Manipulator Based on Lyapunov Method

A new nonlinear adaptive control approach is proposed for the redundantly actuated parallel manipulators. In comparison with the existing adaptive control schemes, the parameterization expression of the model parameters is not needed in the proposed approach according to the properties of the parameters in the inertia matrix, and the design of adaptive controller can be simplified considerably because of the estimated parameters reduction. The stabilized conditions and corresponding proof are also presented, and the globally asymptotical stability of the end-effector position is guaranteed. Simulation results are demonstrated in support of the proposed control scheme. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.
A System Software Approach to Proactive Memory-Error Avoidance

Today's HPC systems use two mechanisms to address main-memory errors. Error-correcting codes make correctable errors transparent to software, while checkpoint/restart (CR) enables recovery from uncorrectable errors. Unfortunately, CR overhead will be enormous at exascale due to the high failure rate of memory. We propose a new OS-based approach that proactively avoids memory errors using prediction. This scheme exposes correctable error information to the OS, which migrates pages and off lines unhealthy memory to avoid application crashes. We analyze memory error patterns in extensive logs from a BG/P system and show how correctable error patterns can be used to identify memory likely to fail. We implement a proactive memory management system on BG/Q by extending the firmware and Linux. We evaluate our approach with a realistic workload and compare our overhead against CR. We show improved resilience with negligible performance overhead for applications.
Reproducibility of Automated Noncalcified Coronary Artery Plaque Burden Assessment at Coronary CT Angiography

Purpose To evaluate the accuracy and effect on interreader reproducibility of automated versus manual volumetric quantification of noncalcified coronary artery plaque burden at coronary computed tomography angiography. Materials and Methods Thirty-seven patients underwent 64-slice coronary computed tomography angiography. Two experienced observers in consensus evaluated each study and identified 40 noncalcified coronary artery plaques. Also in consensus, they performed manual, 3-dimensional planimetric measurements on each plaque as the reference standard. The same 2 observers then performed volumetric measurements on each plaque using a threshold-based automated volumetry automated plaque analysis algorithm. Two different, less experienced observers also performed both, manual and automated measurements of each plaque, first independently and then in consensus. Spearman rank correlation was used to determine association between variables. Results Automated volumetry was successfully performed on each plaque. There was excellent (R=0.920) correlation between the expert manual measurements (average plaque burden=33.58 mm3±18.16) and automated plaque volumetry (35.64 mm3±16.42). For the less experienced observers, there was better correlation with expert manual measurements using automated plaque volumetry (R=0.885) than with manual measurements (R=0.854). Interreader correlation for volume measurements by the 2 less experienced observers without and with use of the automated plaque analysis algorithm significantly (P<0.001) increased from R=0.781 to R=0.919. Conclusions Compared with expert manual measurements, automated plaque volumetry enables accurate quantification of noncalcified plaque burden. Reproducibility of plaque measurements between different observers is improved. Use of such automated plaque analysis algorithms should facilitate fast, objective and reproducible assessment of noncalcified plaque burden for risk stratification and therapeutic monitoring.
Frequency regulation in microgrid using wind — Fuel cell — Diesel generator

This paper discusses a control strategy for the integration of wind turbine generators (WTGs) with fuel cells (FCs), diesel generator (DG) and electrolyzer systems for the regulation of frequency in a microgrid. By incorporating a FC system and electrolyser, the issues related to the fluctuating wind power can be minimized up to certain extend. When the wind power output is high, the surplus energy is stored as hydrogen gas after water electrolysis and during low wind speeds; the stored hydrogen is used for generating electric power using fuel cells. The DG is responsible for the overall frequency balance in the system, which is assisted by WTGs and FCs. The effectiveness of the control strategy was verified through simulations by using detailed models of WTG, FC, electrolyser, hydrogen compressor and storage tank.
Improving orchestral conducting systems in public spaces: examining the temporal characteristics and conceptual models of conducting gestures

Designing interactive conducting exhibits for public spaces poses unique challenges, primarily because the conceptual model of conducting music varies amongst users. In a user study, we compared how conductors and non-conductors place their beats when conducting to a fixed orchestral recording of Radetzky March, and found significant differences between these two groups. Conductors lead the actual music beat with their gestures by an average of 150 ms, compared to 50 ms for non-conductors; non-conductors also vary their placement of the beat 50% more than conductors. Furthermore, we found differences in how users conceptually mapped their gestures to the music, such as conducting to the musical rhythm rather than to the beat. We are incorporating these results into an upcoming conducting system for public spaces to increase its usability; we believe they also apply to a more general class of musical gestures such as dance.
New results on geometric spanners and their applications

Acknowledgments I would like to thank my advisor Prof. Dr. Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide for his support over the last three years. He gave me the freedom to choose the direction of my research and to my evolvement. Furthermore, I thank my wife Marlies Tenten for reading this thesis and for her psychological support. I am grateful to Matthias Fischer for our joint research and for many personal conversations. Also, I would like to thank Martin Ziegler for our joint research. Furhermore, I thank Silvia GG otz, Kay Salzwedel, Christian Sohler, and Stefanie Thies for reading parts of this work and for their helpful comments. Last but not least, I thank all of my colleagues for the inimitable working atmosphere.
Performance evaluation of Nash bargaining solution based user association in HetNet

In heterogeneous network (HetNet), the combined cell range extension (CRE) and enhanced inter-cell interference coordination (elCIC) proposed by 3GPP is considered as the most effective user association scheme. However, this scheme requires strict frame synchronization between macrocells and small cells. In this paper, we propose a Nash bargaining solution (NBS) based user association scheme which does not require such synchronization between cells in different tiers. The proposed scheme formulates user association optimization problem as a Nash bargaining problem. The objective is to maximize the sum data rate related utility of all users in the overall system while guaranteeing user's minimal data rate and considering the user fairness. The simulation results show the proposed scheme can achieve higher sum rate of all users and better user fairness compared with the combined CRE and elCIC based user association scheme. Moreover, the proposed scheme has low computational complexity by applying Hungarian algorithm.
Atlantic Leatherback Migratory Paths and Temporary Residence Areas

Background Sea turtles are long-distance migrants with considerable behavioural plasticity in terms of migratory patterns, habitat use and foraging sites within and among populations. However, for the most widely migrating turtle, the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea, studies combining data from individuals of different populations are uncommon. Such studies are however critical to better understand intra- and inter-population variability and take it into account in the implementation of conservation strategies of this critically endangered species. Here, we investigated the movements and diving behaviour of 16 Atlantic leatherback turtles from three different nesting sites and one foraging site during their post-breeding migration to assess the potential determinants of intra- and inter-population variability in migratory patterns. Methodology/Principal Findings Using satellite-derived behavioural and oceanographic data, we show that turtles used Temporary Residence Areas (TRAs) distributed all around the Atlantic Ocean: 9 in the neritic domain and 13 in the oceanic domain. These TRAs did not share a common oceanographic determinant but on the contrary were associated with mesoscale surface oceanographic features of different types (i.e., altimetric features and/or surface chlorophyll a concentration). Conversely, turtles exhibited relatively similar horizontal and vertical behaviours when in TRAs (i.e., slow swimming velocity/sinuous path/shallow dives) suggesting foraging activity in these productive regions. Migratory paths and TRAs distribution showed interesting similarities with the trajectories of passive satellite-tracked drifters, suggesting that the general dispersion pattern of adults from the nesting sites may reflect the extent of passive dispersion initially experienced by hatchlings. Conclusions/Significance Intra- and inter-population behavioural variability may therefore be linked with initial hatchling drift scenarios and be highly influenced by environmental conditions. This high degree of behavioural plasticity in Atlantic leatherback turtles makes species-targeted conservation strategies challenging and stresses the need for a larger dataset (>100 individuals) for providing general recommendations in terms of conservation.
Sound Intensity and Respiratory Responses in the Neonate: Comparison with Cardiac Rate Responsiveness

&NA; This report is concerned primarily with the effect of sound intensity on the respiratory response in newborn infants. Each of 9 infants between the ages of 2 and 5 days was presented repeatedly with a 5‐sec. duration white noise stimulus varying in intensity from 55 to 100 db. , while cardiac and respiratory activities were continuously recorded. In general, the response to a sound stimulus consisted of a progressive decrease in respiratory cycle length, reaching a minimum, then a subsequent return toward the prestimulus cycle length. Increasing sound intensity resulted in a decrease in the time to peak and a greater magnitude change in the peak and return portions of the response. In addition, increased stimulus intensity produced an increase in the slope of the regression line between response magnitude and the prestimulus respiratory cycle, as well as an increase in the variability around this line. There was a tendency for the respiratory response measures at 85 db. to allow prediction of those at 100 db. The first respiratory cycle following the onset of stimulation was generally longer than the prestimulus cycle for low intensity sounds and shorter for the more intense sounds. Respiratory response measures were generally not predictive of the comparable cardiac rate measures.
Modular semantic actions

Parser generators give programmers a convenient and declarative way to write parsers and other language-processing applications, but their mechanisms for extension and code reuse often leave something to be desired. We introduce Ohm, a parser generator in which both grammars and their interpretations can be extended in safe and modular ways. Unlike many similar tools, Ohm completely separates grammars and semantic actions, avoiding the problems that arise when these two concerns are mixed. This paper describes the particular way in which Ohm achieves this separation, and discusses the resulting benefits to modularity and extensibility.
Trastuzumab treatment beyond brain progression in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Although trastuzumab therapy improves survival in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer, 40% of patients develop brain metastasis (BM) even when extracranial disease is under control. We studied whether trastuzumab therapy beyond or after BM was beneficial to patients with BM. PATIENTS AND METHODS The effect of trastuzumab on survival after BM was analyzed in 78 HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Patients were grouped according to trastuzumab therapy; no treatment and treatment before and after BM were diagnosed. RESULTS Overall survival after the diagnosis of BM as well as time to progression (TTP) of intracranial tumors was prolonged in patients who received trastuzumab after BM was diagnosed. Conversely, BM occurred much later in patients who received trastuzumab before BM. In the multivariate Cox regression model, age at BM <50 years, disease-free interval >or=24 months, TTP of intracranial tumor >or=4.8 months, and trastuzumab treatment after BM were significantly associated with longer survival after the onset of BM. CONCLUSIONS Trastuzumab therapy after the onset of BM in HER2-positive breast cancer patients is associated with a significant survival benefit after BM diagnosis compared with patients who never received or completed trastuzumab before the BM diagnosis.
Instructional Policy and Classroom Performance: The Mathematics Reform in California

Educational reformers increasingly seek to manipulate policies regarding assessment, curriculum, and professional development in order to improve instruction. They assume that manipulating these elements of instructional policy will change teachers’ practice, which will then improve student performance. We formalize these ideas into a rudimentary model of the relations among instructional policy, teaching, and learning. We propose that successful instructional policies are themselves instructional in nature: because teachers figure as a key connection between policy and practice, their opportunities to learn about and from policy are a crucial influence both on their practice and, at least indirectly, on student achievement. Using data from a 1994 survey of California elementary school teachers and 1994 student California Learning Assessment System (CLAS) scores, we examine the influence of assessment, curriculum, and professional development on teacher practice and student achievement. Our results bear out the usefulness of the model: under circumstances that we identify, policy can affect practice, and both can affect student performance.
Probabilistic demand allocation for cloud service brokerage

Functioning as an intermediary between cloud tenants and providers, cloud service brokerages (CSBs) bring about great benefits to the cloud market. To maximize its own profit, a CSB is faced with a challenge: how to reserve servers and distribute tenant demands to the reserved servers such that the total reservation cost is minimized while the reserved servers can satisfy the tenant service level agreement (SLA)? Demand prediction and demand allocation are two steps to solve this problem. However, previous demand prediction methods cannot accurately predict tenant demands since they cannot accurately estimate prediction errors and also assume the existence of seasonal periods of demands. Previous demand allocation methods only aim to minimize the number of reserved servers rather than the server reservation cost, which is more challenging. To solve this challenge, we propose a Probabilistic Demand Allocation system (PDA). It predicts demands and more accurate prediction errors without the assumption of the existence of seasonal periods. It then formulates a nonlinear programming problem and has a decentralized method to find the problem solution. In addition to overcoming the shortcomings in previous methods, PDA is novel in that rather than separately conducting the prediction and demand allocation, it considers prediction errors in demand allocation in order to allocate demands with offsetting prediction errors (e.g., -1 and +1) to the same server, which helps find the problem solution. Both simulation and real-world experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of our system in reducing servers' reservation cost.
Deep stochastic radar models

Accurate simulation and validation of advanced driver assistance systems requires accurate sensor models. Modeling automotive radar is complicated by effects such as multipath reflections, interference, reflective surfaces, discrete cells, and attenuation. Detailed radar simulations based on physical principles exist but are computationally intractable for realistic automotive scenes. This paper describes a methodology for the construction of stochastic automotive radar models based on deep learning with adversarial loss connected to real-world data. The resulting model exhibits fundamental radar effects while remaining real-time capable.