Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hydration State of Goats Transported by Road for 12 Hours During the Hot-Dry Conditions and the Modulating Role of Ascorbic Acid

This study investigated the effects of 12 hr of road transportation during the hot-dry conditions and the modulating role of ascorbic acid (AA) on the hydration state of goats. Twenty goats who served as treatment goats received oral administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of AA, whereas another 20 control goats received sterile water; thereafter, the goats were loaded and transported. The study determined changes in skin thickness; albumin (Alb); total protein (TP); elimination of the gut content; fecal water; urine specific gravity (SG); and pH before, during, and after the transportation. The result obtained in the control goats showed significant (p < .05) increases in the values of TP, Alb, urine SG, and pH; elimination; and drinking behavior, whereas skin thickness decreased over transportation. In the treatment goats who were administered AA, the changes observed in the values were insignificant (p > .05). In conclusion, 12-hr road transportation of goats induced dehydration, which may affect the welfare and health status of the goats. The administration of AA ameliorated the risk of adverse effects of handling, loading, transportation, and hot-dry conditions on hydration state of goats.
Self-HLA-B and HLA-C Ligands Quantity of Inhibitory Receptors for Response Is Determined by Class and Hierarchy of the Human Natural Killer Cell

The interaction of NK inhibitory killer Ig-like receptors (KIRs) with self-MHC class I molecules mediates NK tolerance to self while conferring functional competence. Through single-cell analysis of intracellular IFN- (cid:1) production and NK clone cytotoxicity we evaluated the resting NK repertoire, analyzing the responsiveness of NK subgroups expressing discrete combinations of non-KIR and KIR class I-speciﬁc receptors. CD94:NKG2A and Ig-like transcript 2 (ILT2)-expressing cells have a modest response to class I-negative target cells, but NK cells expressing inhibitory KIRs to self-MHC class I ligands, both HLA-B and HLA-C ligands, achieve signiﬁcantly higher effector capacity. There is a dose effect of KIR for self-MHC on effector capacity, but even in the most highly responsive NK cells expressing more than one inhibitory KIR for self-MHC the presentation of only one cognate MHC ligand is sufﬁcient to abolish response. Among KIR (cid:2) cells there is preferential expression for inhibitory KIR for self-MHC. The likelihood of KIR expression is inﬂuenced by whether other KIRs are already expressed on the same cell, supporting a model of serial acquisition of KIR expression. These ﬁndings deﬁne how inhibitory receptor and autologous HLA interactions impact single-cell function and demonstrate that the resting human NK repertoire is highly attuned but variegated in response. These ﬁndings have important implications for the resting NK response to viral pathogens and malignancy, for donor selection in allogeneic hemopoietic cell transplantation, and for models of NK tolerance. The Journal of Immunology, 2007, 179: 5977–5989. repertoire the tolerance to self. staining ﬂow cytometric analysis to measure IFN- (cid:2) CD16 activation, cytotoxicity, KIR haplo-type-A homozygous individuals who do any activating KIR with the assessment of inhibitory KIR-HLA By analyzing the response at the single-cell level populations with differential expression of class I-spe-ciﬁc and KIR receptors, KIR3DL1 KIR, response cells responses NK subset different inhibitory KIRs self-MHC I on the cell surface. these ﬁndings, self-HLA, NK responsiveness the NK repertoire cell surface self-HLA, and biased
Superconcept Formation System – An Ontology Matching Algorithm for Sevice Discovery

Being a formal, declarative knowledge representation model, ontologies are the basis for Web applications, such as the service discovery. Because of their inherent heterogeneity, ontologies need to be matched before they can be made better use of. Most approaches in ontology matching belong to rule-based or learning-based ones, both with disadvantages. In this paper, we propose Superconcept Formation System (SFS), a learning-based matching algorithm combined with rulebased techniques. We explain our main idea, analyze the challenges, and demonstrate its promising prospect by preliminary experiment results.
Paraneoplastic syndromes: when to suspect, how to confirm, and how to manage

Neurological manifestations of cancer are common, disabling, and often multifactorial (table 1). The concept that malignant disease can cause damage to the nervous system above and beyond that caused by direct or metastatic infiltration is familiar to all clinicians looking after cancer patients. These “remote effects” or paraneoplastic manifestations of cancer include metabolic and endocrine syndromes such as hypercalcaemia, and the syndrome of inappropriate ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion. Paraneoplastic neurological disorders (PNDs) are remote effects of systemic malignancies that affect the nervous system. The term PND is reserved for those disorders that are caused by an autoimmune response directed against antigens common to the tumour and nerve cells. View this table: Table 1 Neurological manifestations of malignant disease PNDs are much less common than direct, metastatic, and treatment related complications of cancer, but are nevertheless important because they cause severe neurological morbidity and mortality and frequently present to the neurologist in a patient without a known malignancy. Because of the relative rarity of PND, neurological dysfunction should only be regarded as paraneoplastic if a particular neoplasm associates with a remote but specific effect on the nervous system more frequently than would be expected by chance . For example, subacute cerebellar ataxia in the setting of ovarian cancer is sufficiently characteristic to be called paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, as long as other causes have been ruled out. However, carpal tunnel syndrome in a patient with cancer is not paraneoplastic because both are reasonably common conditions which may co-exist in the same patient. There have only been a few studies addressing the incidence and prevalence of PND in the overall cancer population. A number of studies have focused on either certain cancers typically associated with PND—for example, small cell lung cancer (SCLC)1—or on specific anti-neuronal antibodies and their neurological and tumour associations. The incidence of PND …
A Reassessment of the Marrubium Vulgare L. Herb’s Potential Role in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: First Results Guide the Investigation toward New Horizons

Despite the wide variety of pharmacological activities described for the Marrubium vulgare L. herb, amazingly, only one clinical trial can be found in scientific literature. It was designed for the evaluation of its antidiabetic activity. Worse, the outcomes of this trial were contradictory to what previous in vivo mice assays had concluded. Therefore, should Marrubium vulgare be ruled out due to its lack of therapeutic potential in diabetes? The authors suggest a reevaluation of the clinical trial methodology to establish valid and final results.
[Long-term results of laparoscopic gastric bypass in patients with morbid obesity. a prospective study of 508 cases].

INTRODUCTION Although there are publications on the short-medium term results of gastric bypass, publications of long-term results are very limited and the results are less documented. PATIENTS AND METHOD In this article we present the experience of the same surgical team with laparoscopic gastric bypass over 7 years, with a follow-up of 97% of the patients. From March 2000 until May 2007, 508 laparoscopic gastric bypasses were performed by the same surgical team. RESULTS Of the 508 patients who were subjected to laparoscopic gastric bypass, 353 were women (69.5%) and 155 were men (30.5%), with a mean age of 40 years (16-71), a mean pre-operative weight of 131.3 +/- 24.5 kg (80-230) and a mean BMI of 48.3 +/- 7 (34-78). There were early complications (< 30 days) in 14.7% of the patients and delayed complications (> 30 days) in 7.3%. The mean operation time was 125.8 +/- 35.6 minutes (60-300). The mean hospital stay was 3 +/- 2.6 days (1-40). The mortality of the series was 0.8%. The EWL and BMI loss at 3 and 5 years was 77.8% and 75.1% and 82.7% and 79.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Laparoscopic gastric bypass is an effective technique for the long-term treatment of morbid obesity, with a low number of complications, low mortality, excellent weight loss and recovery or improvement of the comorbidities associated with these patients.
HEAVEN: The Frankenstein effect

The HEAVEN head transplant initiative needs human data concerning the acute restoration of motor transmission after application of fusogens to the severed cord in man. Data from two centuries ago prove that a fresh cadaver, after hanging or decapitation, can be mobilized by electrical stimulation for up to 3 hours. By administering spinal cord stimulation by applied paddles to the cord or transcranial magnetic stimulation to M1 and recording motor evoked potentials, it should be possible to test fusogens in fresh cadavers. Delayed neuronal death might be the neuropathological reason.
First-Principles Study on Elastic Properties of AlN

Structural and elastic properties of AlN are investigated by using First-principles. Both of wurtzite and zinc-blende structures are investigated, respectively. The bulk moduli of the wurtzite structure and zinc blende AlN are 194.2GPa and 187GPa, which obtained by the elastic stiffness constants respectively. Shear moduli are 136GPa and 124GPa. Young's moduli are 331GPa and 305GPa. Poisson's ratio and Pugh criterion suggests that both of them are brittle material. The brittleness of wurtzite AlN is higher than that of zinc-blende AlN. The elastic anisotropy of the bulk moduli and shear moduli were discussed. Three-dimensional anisotropic of the young's modulus were analyzed.
Neural substrates of visual masking by object substitution in schizophrenia

Despite a well‐known behavioral finding of visual backward masking impairment in schizophrenia, its underlying neural mechanism remains obscure. This study examined neural correlates of a distinct type of visual backward masking, object substitution masking (OSM), in schizophrenia. Twenty schizophrenia patients and 26 healthy controls completed a 4‐Dot OSM task and three functional localizer tasks for the lateral occipital (LO), human motion‐sensitive (hMT+), and retinotopic areas in the scanner. In 4‐dot masking, subjects detected a target that was followed by a mask consisting of 4 dots that surrounded a target. Stimulus‐onset asynchrony (SOA) between target and mask was varied to examine the modulation of masking: (1) within three visual processing areas regions of interest (ROI) (i.e., ROI analysis) and (2) in brain regions outside the three visual processing areas (i.e., whole brain analysis). In the ROI analyses, LO and retinotopic areas showed increased peak amplitude when SOA become longer in both patients and controls. There was also an effect of ROI in that both groups showed higher activation in LO and hMT+ compared with the retinotopic areas. The whole brain analyses revealed a significantly activated area for longer SOAs vs. a short SOA in the occipital cortex in controls only, but the group contrast was not significant. Overall, this study did not find strong evidence for neural abnormalities of OSM in schizophrenia, suggesting that neural substrates of OSM in schizophrenia are not as compromised as those involved in the more common masking methods that rely on disruption of object formation. Hum Brain Mapp 35:4654–4662, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reversion of cardiac hypertrophy and reduced arterial compliance after converting enzyme inhibition in essential hypertension.

Blood pressure, forearm arterial hemodynamics (with a pulsed Doppler flowmeter), and echocardiographic parameters were studied in 16 patients with sustained essential hypertension before and 3 months after administration of the converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril. In a single-blind study versus placebo, it was shown that perindopril significantly reduced blood pressure (p less than 0.01), whereas there was an increase in brachial blood flow (p less than 0.01) because of a simultaneous increase in blood flow velocity (p less than 0.01) and arterial diameter (p less than 0.01). During a 5-minute period of wrist occlusion, blood flow velocity was reduced to a greater extent with perindopril than with placebo (p less than 0.001), whereas corresponding reductions in arterial diameter were equivalent, indicating that the increase in diameter after perindopril could not be explained simply on the basis of flow-dependent dilatation. During active treatment, brachial artery compliance increased (p less than 0.01) and pulse wave velocity decreased (p less than 0.01), whereas there was no change in the tangential tension of the arterial wall, defined as the product of mean arterial pressure and arterial diameter. Four weeks after treatment was stopped, blood pressure and forearm arterial hemodynamics returned toward baseline values. Cardiac mass was significantly decreased after perindopril (p less than 0.01) and remained decreased 4 weeks after cessation of treatment. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nano-Sized and Nanocrystalline Calcium Orhophosphates in Biomedical Engineering

There has been much recent activity in the research area of nanoparticles and nanocrystalline materials, in many fields of science and technology. This is due to their outstanding and unique physical, mechanical, chemical and biological characteristics. Recent developments in biomineralization have demonstrated that nano-sized particles play an important role in the formation of the hard tissues of animals. It is well established that the basic inorganic building blocks of bones and teeth of mammals are nano-sized and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates (in the form of apatites) of a biological origin. In mammals, tens to hundreds of nanocrystals of biological apatite are found to combine into self-assembled structures under the control of bio-organic matrixes. It was also confirmed experimentally that the structure of both dental enamel and bones could be mimicked by an oriented aggregation of nano-sized calcium orthophosphates, determined by the biomolecules. The application and prospective use of nano-sized and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates for clinical repair of damaged bones and teeth are also known. For example, a greater viability and a better proliferation of various cells were detected on smaller crystals of calcium orthophosphates. Furthermore, studies revealed that the differentiation of various cells was promoted by nano-sized calcium orthophosphates. Thus, the nano-sized and nanocrystalline forms of calcium orthophosphates have the potential to revolutionize the field of hard tissue engineering, in areas ranging from bone repair and augmentation to controlled drug delivery devices. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge and recent developments of various nano-sized and nanocrystalline calcium orthophosphates, covering topics from the synthesis and characterization to biomedical and clinical applications. This review also provides possible directions of future research and development.
LACQUER CRACK FORMATION AND CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION IN PATHOLOGIC MYOPIA

Purpose: To clarify the characteristics of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) due to myopic CNV (mCNV) and the relation to lacquer crack (LC) formation. Patients and Methods: Thirty-seven eyes with mCNV underwent fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) using Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2 (HRA2; Heidelberg, Germany). mCNV was detected by FA and ICGA; LCs were detected by late-phase ICGA. Results: Thirty-five eyes (95%) had classic mCNV, and 2 (5%) had occult CNV. LCs developed in 35 (95%) of 37 eyes. In 33 eyes (94%), classic mCNV originated from LCs; the 2 other eyes had small horizontal dotlike LCs, but mCNV originated from the adjacent area of LC. No occult CNV was associated with LCs. Two morphologic types of LCs were observed, linear (21 eyes [62%]) and stellate (12 eyes [32%]) from which mCNV originated, with no significant differences in parameters between the two types. Classic mCNV demonstrated well-delineated hyperfluorescence by late-phase ICGA in 10 eyes (29%), which was significantly correlated with absence of a dark rim (P = 0.022). Conclusions: ICGA using HRA2 provides more detailed information on mCNV and LCs. LC formation is essential for classic mCNV to develop. Morphologic variations of LCs were not different clinically. Late-phase hyperfluorescence, probably due to the absence of pigment epithelium around the mCNV, may represent its activity.
European Journal of Operational Research a Branch-price-and-cut Algorithm for the Minimum Evolution Problem

Keywords: Combinatorial inequalities Branch-price-and-cut Symmetry breaking Tree isomorphism Computational biology a b s t r a c t We investigate the Minimum Evolution Problem (MEP), an N P-hard network design problem arising from computational biology. The MEP consists in finding a weighted unrooted binary tree having n leaves, minimal length, and such that the sum of the edge weights belonging to the unique path between each pair of leaves is greater than or equal to a prescribed value. We study the polyhedral combinatorics of the MEP and investigate its relationships with the Balanced Minimum Evolution Problem. We develop an exact solution approach for the MEP based on a nontrivial combination of a parallel branch-price-and-cut scheme and a non-isomorphic enumeration of all possible solutions to the problem. Computational experiments show that the new solution approach outperforms the best mixed integer linear programming formulation for the MEP currently described in the literature. Our results give a perspective on the combinatorics of the MEP and suggest new directions for the development of future exact solution approaches that may turn out useful in practical applications. We also show that the MEP is statistically consistent.
Time series modelling and forecasting using genetic algorithms

In this paper, Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are utilized in the investigation, design and development for modelling a given data time series. Genetic algorithms apply operations of reproduction, crossover and mutation to candidate solutions according to their relative fitness scores in the successive populations of candidates. The computer simulation results obtained demonstrate that GAs have the potential to become a powerful tool for time series modelling and forecasting.
Experimental evaluation of multihop cellular networks using mobile relays [Accepted From Open Call]

Future wireless networks are expected to provide high bandwidth multimedia services in extended areas with homogeneous quality of service levels. Conventional cellular architectures might not be able to satisfy these requirements due to the effect of surrounding obstacles and the signal attenuation with distance, in particular under non-line-of-sight propagation conditions. Recent studies have investigated the potential of multihop cellular networks (MCNs) to overcome the traditional cellular architecture limitations through the integration of cellular and ad hoc networking technologies. However, these studies are generally analytical or simulation-based. On the other hand, this article reports the first experimental field tests, which validate and quantify the benefits MCNs using mobile relays can provide over traditional cellular systems.
Towards human-friendly efficient control of multi-robot teams

This paper explores means to increase efficiency in performing tasks with multi-robot teams, in the context of natural Human-Multi-Robot Interfaces (HMRI) for command and control. The motivating scenario is an emergency evacuation by a transport convoy of unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) that have to traverse, in shortest time, an unknown terrain. In the experiments the operator commands, in minimal time, a group of rovers through a maze. The efficiency of performing such tasks depends on both, the levels of robots' autonomy, and the ability of the operator to command and control the team. The paper extends the classic framework of levels of autonomy (LOA), to levels/hierarchy of autonomy characteristic of Groups (G-LOA), and uses it to determine new strategies for control. An UGVoriented command language (UGVL) is defined, and a mapping is performed from the human-friendly gesture-based HMRI into the UGVL. The UGVL is used to control a team of 3 robots, exploring the efficiency of different G-LOA; specifically, by (a) controlling each robot individually through the maze, (b) controlling a leader and cloning its controls to followers, and (c) controlling the entire group. Not surprisingly, commands at increased G-LOA lead to a faster traverse, yet a number of aspects are worth discussing in this context.
Analysis of ESR1 mutation in circulating tumor DNA demonstrates evolution during therapy for metastatic breast cancer

ESR1 mutations evolve during the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. An evolving problem A large number of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor, making them susceptible to hormonal treatments. Unfortunately, these tumors can develop mutations in the estrogen receptor gene (ESR1) and become resistant to hormonal therapies that were previously effective. Schiavon et al. used three independent cohorts of breast cancer patients to demonstrate that these mutations only evolved in cases where hormonal therapy was started late in the course of the disease, after development of metastasis, and not during the initial course of treatment. If these findings are confirmed in prospective clinical trials, then they will explain why starting hormonal treatment early decreases the risk of subsequent resistance to hormonal therapy. Acquired ESR1 mutations are a major mechanism of resistance to aromatase inhibitors (AIs). We developed ultra high–sensitivity multiplex digital polymerase chain reaction assays for ESR1 mutations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and investigated the clinical relevance and origin of ESR1 mutations in 171 women with advanced breast cancer. ESR1 mutation status in ctDNA showed high concordance with contemporaneous tumor biopsies and was accurately assessed in samples shipped at room temperature in preservative tubes. ESR1 mutations were found exclusively in estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer patients previously exposed to AI. Patients with ESR1 mutations had a substantially shorter progression-free survival on subsequent AI-based therapy [hazard ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.9 to 23.1; P = 0.0041]. ESR1 mutation prevalence differed markedly between patients who were first exposed to AI during the adjuvant and metastatic settings [5.8% (3 of 52) versus 36.4% (16 of 44), respectively; P = 0.0002]. In an independent cohort, ESR1 mutations were identified in 0% (0 of 32; 95% CI, 0 to 10.9) tumor biopsies taken after progression on adjuvant AI. In a patient with serial sampling, ESR1 mutation was selected during metastatic AI therapy to become the dominant clone in the cancer. ESR1 mutations can be robustly identified with ctDNA analysis and predict for resistance to subsequent AI therapy. ESR1 mutations are rarely acquired during adjuvant AI but are commonly selected by therapy for metastatic disease, providing evidence that mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapy may be substantially different between the treatment of micrometastatic and overt metastatic cancer.