Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hofstede's Culture Dimensions

Ng et al. (1982) collected data among students in nine Asian and Pacific countries using a modified version of the Rokeach Value Survey. Their data were reanalyzed by the present authors through an ecological factor analysis that produced five factors. Six of the countries covered also appear in Hofstede's (1983) extended study of work-related values among employees of a multinational corporation in 53 countries and regions. For the overlapping countries a correlation analysis was done between the five factor scores of the Ng et al. reanalysis and the four dimension scores of Hofstede. This correlation analysis revealed that each of Hofstede's dimensions can be distinctly identified in the Ng et al. data as well. This article is presented as an example of synergy between different cross-cultural studies.
Universal distributed sensing via random projections

This paper develops a new framework for distributed coding and compression in sensor networks based on distributed compressed sensing (DCS). DCS exploits both intra-signal and inter-signal correlations through the concept of joint sparsity; just a few measurements of a jointly sparse signal ensemble contain enough information for reconstruction. DCS is well-suited for sensor network applications, thanks to its simplicity, universality, computational asymmetry, tolerance to quantization and noise, robustness to measurement loss, and scalability. It also requires absolutely no inter-sensor collaboration. We apply our framework to several real world datasets to validate the framework
THE MANUFACTURE OF ANTIBODIES IN VITRO

A protein solution with the properties of a specific antiserum to the triphenylmethane dye methyl blue has been made by treating a solution of bovine γ-globulin and the dye with alkali and then slowly neutralizing the alkali. Some success has been obtained also in the formation of antibodies from other serum proteins and by other denaturation-renaturation procedures. By heating solutions of γ-globulin and antigen to 57°C. for several days antisera homologous to the antigens have been prepared. This method has been used successfully with the azodye 1,3-dihydroxy-2,4,6-tri(p-azophenyl-arsonic acid) benzene and with pneumococcus polysaccharide Type III. The antipneumococcus sera were found to precipitate the polysaccharide of Type III but not those of Types I and VIII and to agglutinate pneumococci of Type III but not those of Types I and II.
The Leicestershire Intellectual Disability Tool: A Simple Measure to Identify Moderate to Profound Intellectual Disability.

Background It is often useful to ascertain whether adults have moderate to profound intellectual disability (approximate IQ < 50; developmental age <108 months) when deciding whether to refer to specialist or mainstream services. The aim of the present study was to develop a simple measure to estimate moderate to profound intellectual disability in adults with a potential need for specialist care. Materials and Methods Three hundred and twenty-two individuals with information on home interviews from the Leicestershire Learning Disability Register were also assessed using the Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales. A variety of variables concerning intelligence, adaptive functioning and dependency were used to predict developmental age (as estimated from the Vineland) using backward stepwise regression. The derived equation formed the Leicestershire Intellectual Disability (LID) tool. A cut-off point was chosen using a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve to achieve 95% sensitivity in identifying moderate to profound intellectual disability. Results Seven variables from the home interviews were found to predict estimated developmental age at the 10% level (P ≤ 0.1). When the tool was used to detect adults with moderate to profound intellectual disability, the area under the ROC curve was 0.93. The chosen cut-off point was 95% sensitive and 65% specific. The positive predictive value was 95%, the negative predictive value was 65%, and the overall diagnostic accuracy was 91%. Conclusions These preliminary findings suggest that the LID tool may help to identify adults with moderate to profound intellectual disability among those with potential need for specialist care. Further evaluation is recommended.
Power controlled H-ARQ in cdma2000 1/spl times/EV-DV

The newly applied H-ARQ technique in the reverse link of a cdma2000/spl reg/ 1/spl times/EV-DV system is shown to be similar in nature to the fast power control technique such that the two techniques both reduce interference to other users. In order to balance the H-ARQ gain and packet delay time, four modes of operation are defined: normal, reduction, boost, and boost reduction. The four modes are defined according to the way the channel gain is set for the H-ARQ operation. Simulation results show that the reduction modes have better performance in terms of both PER and packet delay time. It is also shown that the boost modes have lower PER and packet delay time than the non-boost modes, but at the expense of more energy.
A NOVEL TERM WEIGHTING SCHEME MIDF FOR TEXT CATEGORIZATION

Text categorization is a task of automatically assigning documents to a set of predefined categories. Usually it involves a document representation method and term weighting scheme. This paper proposes a new term weighting scheme called Modified Inverse Document Frequency (MIDF) to improve the performance of text categorization. The document represented in MIDF is trained using the support vector machines classifier with radial basis function kernel. The experiments are carried out in Reuters-21578 corpora. The performance measures taken for text categorization are F1–measure and cost measure. The proposed term weighting scheme performs better than the existing term weighting schemes.
A FRAMEWORK FOR EXPLORING INTRASEXUAL COMPETITION

Existing research on intrasexual competition focuses on the tactics of self-promotion and competitor derogation. In this paper we expand upon these two tactics by developing a framework in which the performers of a competitive action, and their roles, are identified. Using the framework, it is possible to identify nine variations of promotion, and similarly, nine variations of derogation, as potential competitive acts. While only a simplified framework is presented, and one that only considers a single competitor, the framework combines the previous views of promotion and derogation and elaborates upon these views. The framework provides a means by which phenomena such as social comparison and assortative mating can be described, and thus shows merit as a tool that researchers can use to elucidate and integrate the elements of intrasexual competition.
About the undecidability of program equivalence in finitary languages with state

We show how game semantics can be employed to prove that program equivalence in finitary Idealized Algol with active expressions is undecidable. We also investigate a notion of representability of languages by terms and show that finitary Idealized Algol terms of respectively second, third and higher orders define exactly regular, context-free and recursively enumerable languages.
The Environment in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Background The World Health Organization has adopted two classifications relating to disability, one was published in 1980 and the more recent one in 2001. Although the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF) was drafted as a revision of the international classification of impairments, disabilities and handicaps (ICIDH), the ICF is based on major changes when compared with the ICIDH. One of them has to do with the environment. Method Quotations from the classification manuals and related articles are presented in order to make clear the scope of the environment in the ICF. Results The ICF has a universal application. The gap between capacity and performance reflects the barriers created by the environment. Conclusions In the ICF, universalism and barriers have specific meanings, reflecting specific policy choices.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the interrelation of disarray, fibrosis, and small vessel disease

OBJECTIVE To make a quantitative assessment of the relation between disarray, fibrosis, and small vessel disease in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. DESIGN Detailed macroscopic and histological examination at 19 segments of the left and right ventricle and the left atrial free wall. PATIENTS 72 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who had suffered sudden death or progression to end stage cardiac failure (resulting in death or heart transplantation). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The presence of scarring, atrial dilatation, and a mitral valve impact lesion were noted, and heart weight, wall thickness, per cent disarray, per cent fibrosis, and per cent small vessel disease quantitated for each heart. RESULTS Within an individual heart the magnitude of hypertrophy correlated with the severity of fibrosis (p = 0.006) and disarray (p = 0.0002). Overall, however, total heart weight related weakly but significantly to fibrosis (r = 0.4, p = 0.0001) and small vessel disease (r = 0.3, p = 0.03), but not to disarray. Disarray was greater in hearts with mild left ventricular hypertrophy (maximum wall thickness < 20 mm) and preserved systolic function (60.9 (26)% v 43 (20.4)% respectively, p = 0.02) and hearts without a mitral valve impact lesion (26.3% v 18.9%, p = 0.04), but was uninfluenced by sex. Fibrosis was influenced by sex (7% in male patients and 4% in female, p = 0.04), but not by the presence of an impact lesion. No relation was found between disarray, fibrosis, and small vessel disease. CONCLUSIONS Myocyte disarray is probably a direct response to functional or structural abnormalities of the mutated sarcomeric protein, while fibrosis and small vessel disease are secondary phenomena unrelated to disarray, but modified by factors such as left ventricular mass, sex, and perhaps local autocrine factors.
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Among Older U.S. Adults With and Without Disabilities, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2003

Introduction Little is known about the relationship between healthy behaviors and the prevalence of chronic diseases in older adults with disabilities. This study examines the prevalence of selected healthy lifestyle behaviors related to chronic diseases among adults aged 65 years and older with and without disabilities. Methods Data from the 2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used to assess having a healthy weight and six behaviors: current cigarette smoking status, consumption of at least one alcoholic beverage daily, consumption of at least five fruits or vegetables daily, physical activity during the average week, influenza immunization in the past year, and lifetime pneumococcal immunization. Results People with a disability were less likely than people without a disability to have a healthy weight (28.5% vs 37.2%) and to engage in the recommended level of weekly physical activity (14.7% vs 26.2%). However, people with a disability were more likely than those without a disability to be nonsmokers (91.8% vs 89.9%), to consume up to one alcoholic beverage daily (95.1% vs 91.5%), to have received their influenza immunization in the past year (72.7% vs 69.0%), and to have received a lifetime pneumococcal immunization (72.1% vs 63.0%). There was no difference between people with and without a disability in the prevalence rates of consuming at least five fruits or vegetables daily. Conclusion The prevalence of having a healthy weight and six chronic-disease related behaviors among adults aged 65 years and older varies by disability status and by specific modifiable lifestyle behavior. Screening older adults with and without disabilities and counseling them about health behaviors should be integrated into every interaction between older adults and their health care providers to potentially lower the rates of morbidity and mortality related to chronic diseases in the later years.
Uniclust databases of clustered and deeply annotated protein sequences and alignments

Abstract We present three clustered protein sequence databases, Uniclust90, Uniclust50, Uniclust30 and three databases of multiple sequence alignments (MSAs), Uniboost10, Uniboost20 and Uniboost30, as a resource for protein sequence analysis, function prediction and sequence searches. The Uniclust databases cluster UniProtKB sequences at the level of 90%, 50% and 30% pairwise sequence identity. Uniclust90 and Uniclust50 clusters showed better consistency of functional annotation than those of UniRef90 and UniRef50, owing to an optimised clustering pipeline that runs with our MMseqs2 software for fast and sensitive protein sequence searching and clustering. Uniclust sequences are annotated with matches to Pfam, SCOP domains, and proteins in the PDB, using our HHblits homology detection tool. Due to its high sensitivity, Uniclust contains 17% more Pfam domain annotations than UniProt. Uniboost MSAs of three diversities are built by enriching the Uniclust30 MSAs with local sequence matches from MMseqs2 profile searches through Uniclust30. All databases can be downloaded from the Uniclust server at uniclust.mmseqs. com. Users can search clusters by keywords and explore their MSAs, taxonomic representation, and annotations. Uniclust is updated every two months with the new UniProt release.
Environmental Interactions of Lactobacillus reuteri Signal Transduction , Gene Expression and Extracellular Proteins of a Lactic Acid Bacterium Torun Wall

Wall, T. 2005. Environmental Interactions of Lactobacillus reuteri – Signal Transduction, Gene Expression and Extracellular Proteins of a Lactic Acid Bacterium. Doctoral dissertation. ISSN 1652-6880, ISBN 91-576-6903-1 The commensal bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri inhabits the human gastrointestinal tract and possesses putative probiotic, i.e. health-promoting, properties. In this thesis, features important for the ecological performance of L. reuteri and for interactions between the bacterium, its host and the environment were characterised. Extracellular proteins were identified in two L. reuteri strains. Firstly, fifty-three proteins were revealed in strain DSM 20016 using signal sequence phage display. Secondly, a draft genome sequence of strain ATCC 55730 was screened with bioinformatics tools and 126 genes encoding extracellular proteins were identified. Few obvious adhesion or colonisation factors were found, although an R28-like proteins putatively involved in adherence to mucosal surfaces was detected. The early response to sudden acid shock was studied with gene expression analyses using microarrays. When L. reuteri was exposed to an acidic pH, similar to the conditions in the human stomach, the chaperone-encoding clpA and genes putatively involved in cell envelope biogenesis were induced. Inactivation of clpA resulted in an acidic-sensitive phenotype. Seven complete two-component systems consisting of a histidine kinase and a response regulator were identified in the genome of L. reuteri ATCC 55730. Sequence analysis indicated that all seven systems belonged to the OmpR family. In order to expose the function of one of these systems, the response regulator was inactivated. The resulting mutant displayed increased sensitivity to NaCl and the antibiotic ampicillin. Results from gene expression analyses indicate that this two-component system regulates genes involved in cell envelope alterations in relation to stress. Therefore, this system was designated Lea (L. reuteri Envelope Altering). Taken together, these studies demonstrate the importance of the cell envelope for interactions between L. reuteri and its environment. The findings provide a basic insight in the adaptation mechanisms and the life strategies of this species. In addition, this work provides a foundation for further investigations and characterisation of the commensal bacterium L. reuteri.
Regional cerebral blood flow after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery

Occlusions of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) are mostly of embolic origin (appr. 80%) and give rise to about one third of all ischemic strokes, most of these being major strokes. MCA occlusions lasting for less than 1/2 h are tolerated without occurrence of permanent tissue damage. Occlusions lasting between 1/2 h to 4–8 h lead to permanent tissue damage and neurological deficits that are proportional to the duration of occlusion. Maximal tissue damage is obtained after 4–8 h occlusion. A cerebral blood flow of 8–23 ml/100 gr/min is sufficient for cellular viability but insufficient for normal tissue function (“ischemic penumbra”). Cellular function is completely abolished in the interval 8–16 ml/100 gr/min and flow at that level is tolerated only for 1–3 h before neuronal death ensues. In the interval 18–23 ml/100 gr/min there is some functional activity although it is reduced. Experimental and clinical evidence suggests that flow in this interval may be tolerated for several days, months or even longer (“chronic ischemic penumbra”). After MCA occlusion the blood flow falls below 8 ml/100 gr/min in most cases and permanent MCA occlusion always leads to relatively large areas of frank infarction. The ischemic infarcts may be surrounded by collaterally perfused areas where the blood flow is pressure‐dependent (impaired autoregulation) and quite commonly insufficient for normal neuronal function (below 23 ml/100 gr/min). Such collaterally perfused areas may include a “chronic ischemic penumbra”. Emboli causing MCA occlusions commonly disintegrate and/or migrate more peripherally within the first few weeks post stroke. This leads to reperfusion and changes of ischemic infarcts into hyperemic infarcts where flow is severely increased. The vascular reactivity is completely abolished in hyperemic infarcts and the hyperemic state lasts for about two weeks. Probably, anemic infarcts are equivalent to ischemic infarcts while the hemorrhagic variety is equivalent to hyperemic infarcts. The “partial infarct” with selective neuronal necrosis occurs in experimental animals after MCA occlusions of less than four h but not after permanent MCA occlusion. The significance of partial infarction in human stroke is not clarified. The extent of irreversible tissue damage can be reduced only if therapy sets in within 4–8 h after the occlusion. If a “chronic penumbra” exists the extension of reversible tissue damage can be reduced if therapy aimed at increasing the blood flow in the penumbra sets in within weeks or even months after the stroke. The tendency of embolic MCA occlusions to disintegrate and disappear within the first few weeks after the stroke may, however, make such therapy superfluous in most cases.
Infertility in women: Hysterosalpingographic assessment of the fallopian tubes in Lagos, Nigeria

Tubal disease constitutes a major factor in infertility especially in developing countries. This study was undertaken to assess the hysterosalpingographic patterns seen in infertile patients in an urban centre in Lagos. Two hundred and twenty patients who reported from the gynaecology clinic to the radiology department of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital were subjected to hysterosalpingography, and the results were analyzed for tubal pathology as revealed on radiographs. One hundred and eighty five (84%) patients had secondary infertility while 35(16%) had primary infertility. The commonest pathology found on hysterosalpingography in patients presenting with infertility in this study was tubal blockage, whether unilateral or bilateral, followed by hydrosalpinx of one or both fallopian tubes. Eighty four (38.2%) patients had both fallopian tubes opacified and were classified as normal, while in 22(10%), both tubes were not seen. Of the opacified abnormal fallopian tubes, bilateral hydrosalpinx was diagnosed in 6 patients (2.7%), while right and left sided hydrosalpinx were seen in 6(2.7%) and 8(3.6%) patients respectively. There was evidence of loculated peritoneal contrast spills from 10(4.5%) on each of the sides and from both tubes in 2(1%) patients. The high prevalence of tubal pathology was demonstrated in this study but the contribution of hydrosalpinx is much less than findings from other centres in the sub region.
Television Sport in the Age of Screens and Content

The death of television has been long predicated in the digital age, yet it remains a powerful mediator of live sports. This article focuses on football and examines the implications for the sport of the move to an age of screens and content. These may be large screens in public places or in our homes or those at work or smaller screens carried in the palm of our hands, but what we use them for, how content gets onto those screens, and the implications for sports and sports fans remain compelling questions in the digital age. The article argues that through reflecting on major media sport events such as the FIFA World Cup, we see patterns of continuity in the role played by television as well as evidence of change.
Does sleep really shorten when we get older?

As we age, the quality of our sleep gets gradually worse. People who were able to sleep deeply all night in their twenties become increasingly likely to wake up in the night in their forties. This is a common change to sleeping patterns that can happen to anyone as a result of ageing, and is not abnormal. As we enter old age, our sleep becomes even lighter and we wake up frequently during our sleep.
Automated Marble Plate Classification System Based On Different Neural Network Input Training Sets and PLC Implementation

The process of sorting marble plates according to their surface texture is an important task in the automated marble plate production. Nowadays some inspection systems in marble industry that automate the classification tasks are too expensive and are compatible only with specific technological equipment in the plant. In this paper a new approach to the design of an Automated Marble Plate Classification System (AMPCS),based on different neural network input training sets is proposed, aiming at high classification accuracy using simple processing and application of only standard devices. It is based on training a classification MLP neural network with three different input training sets: extracted texture histograms, Discrete Cosine and Wavelet Transform over the histograms. The algorithm is implemented in a PLC for real-time operation. The performance of the system is assessed with each one of the input training sets. The experimental test results regarding classification accuracy and quick operation are represented and discussed.
A Watched Pot: How We Experience Time

Time, it has been said, is the enemy. In an era of harried lives, time seems increasingly precious as hours and days telescope and our lives often seem to be flitting past. And yet, at other times, the minutes drag on, each tick of the clock excruciatingly drawn out. What explains this seeming paradox? Based upon a full decade's empirical research, Michael G. Flaherty's new book offers remarkable insights on this most universal human experience. Flaherty surveys hundreds of individuals of all ages in an attempt to ascertain how such phenomena as suffering, violence, danger, boredom, exhilaration, concentration, shock, and novelty influence our perception of time. Their stories make for intriguing reading, by turns familiar and exotic, mundane and dramatic, horrific and funny. A qualitative and quantitative tour de force, A Watched Pot presents what may well be the first fully integrated theory of time and will be of interest to scientists, humanists, social scientists and the educated public alike. A Choice Outstanding Academic Book.