Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mit Sloan School of Management Mit Sloan School Working Paper 4755-09 Reconciling Semantic Heterogeneity in Web Services Composition Reconciling Semantic Heterogeneity in Web Services Composition Reconciling Semantic Heterogeneity in Web Services Composition

All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission, provided that full credit including © notice is given to the source. Abstract Service Oriented Computing (SOC) is a popular computing paradigm for the development of distributed Web applications. Service composition, a key element of SOC, is severely hampered by various types of semantic heterogeneity among the services. In this paper, we address the various semantic differences from the context perspective and use a lightweight ontology to describe the concepts and their specializations. Atomic conversions between the contexts are implemented using XPath functions and external services. The correspondences between the syntactic service descriptions and the semantic concepts are established using a flexible, standard-compliant mechanism. Given the naive BPEL composition ignoring semantic differences, our reconciliation approach can automatically determine and reconcile the semantic differences. The mediated BPEL composition incorporates necessary conversions to convert the data exchanged between different services. Our solution has the desirable properties (e.g., adaptability, extensibility and scalability) and can significantly alleviate the reconciliation efforts for Web services composition.
Shared Information, Cognitive Load, and Group Memory

One of the key findings concerning how groups process information is the ‘common knowledge effect’—information shared by many group members plays a larger role in group process and performance than unshared information. However, in an information rich environment, assigning all information to all members may overload each member’s cognitive capabilities. Thus, the question addressed here is how to optimally assign information to group members. Following a model proposed by Zajonc and Smoke (1959), we assessed the effects of information assignment redundancy and group interaction on group memory performance. Participants in five-person groups either received a full list of consonant-verb-consonant non-word trigrams to memorize, or a partial list with each trigram distributed to two group members. Groups recalled the trigrams as either coacting or interacting groups. In terms of correct recall, coacting groups outperformed interacting groups, and partial redundancy produced better recall than total redundancy. However, intrusion errors were greatly reduced by group interaction and/or a reduction in the cognitive load on the individual group members (i.e. partial redundancy). Groups in the partial redundancy condition tended to perform near optimal levels. Implications for future research on information distribution in groups are discussed.
Multiple Lecture Video Annotation and Conducting Quiz Using Random Tree Classification

In the modern days, the institutes of education are showing more interest in the field of E-Learning or in the field of internet based educational services. The growth of video lecture annotation tools also plays an essential role in the education environment. At first, the CLAS (Collaborative Lecture Annotation System) was limited to a single study-test episode . To deal with challenge we are proposing MLVA (Multiple Lecture Video Annotation) tool, developed to make the extraction of important information. The primary of concept MLVA is straight forward. While watching a video captured lecture, each student indicates key points in the lecture by a simple button press. Each button press represents a point-based semantic annotation and indicates, “For this user somewhat important happened at this point in the lecture. ” The system relies on semantically constrained annotation, post-annotation data amalgamation and transparent display of this amalgamated data. As a future enhancement focus on conducting Quiz to the students and Instructor.
Performance analysis and comparison of AF and DF relaying systems in Rayleigh fading channel considering poisson interference field

During this paper, analyzed the performance of transmission systems that comprises amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) relays over a Rayleigh attenuation surroundings within the presence of a Poisson field of interferers. The interference model considers the impact of abstraction distribution of co-channel interferers within the neighborhood of the relays and therefore the destination node. Considering the end-to-end signal-to-interference quantitative relation, the outage probability of system springs. the precise average bit error rate (BER) of binary modulations and therefore the average data rate area unit evaluated numerically. Finally, straight line expressions for the system outage probability and therefore the end-to-end BER area unit derived which offer some inferences concerning the factors moving the performance of the thought-about system. The novel expressions may be wont to show the impact of interference model parameters like the transmit power, path loss exponent, and abstraction density of interferers on the performance of multi-hop wireless systems. Simulation results area unit more provided to demonstrate the accuracy of the analytical expressions.
A COMPARISON BETWEEN FIXED AND MULTIRESOLUTION ANALYSIS FOR ONSET DETECTION IN MUSICAL SIGNALS

A study is presented for the use of multiresolution analysis-based onset detection in the complex domain. It shows that using variable time-resolution across frequency bands generates sharper detection functions for higher bands and more accurate detection functions for lower bands. The resulting method improves the localisation of onsets on fixed-resolution schemes, by favouring the increased time precision of higher subbands during the combination of results.
One ring or two? Determination of ring number in carotenoids by lycopene ɛ-cyclases

Carotenoids in the photosynthetic membranes of plants typically contain two β-rings (e.g., β-carotene and zeaxanthin) or one ɛ- and one β-ring (e.g., lutein). Carotenoids with two ɛ-rings are uncommon. We reported earlier that the Arabidopsis thaliana lycopene ɛ-cyclase (LCYe) adds one ɛ-ring to the symmetrical linear substrate lycopene, whereas the structurally related lycopene β-cyclase (LCYb) adds two β-rings. Here we describe a cDNA encoding LCYe in romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. romaine), one of the few plant species known to accumulate substantial quantities of a carotenoid with two ɛ-rings: lactucaxanthin. The product of the lettuce cDNA, similar in sequence to the Arabidopsis LCYe (77% amino acid identity), efficiently converted lycopene into the bicyclic ɛ-carotene in a heterologous Escherichia coli system. Regions of the lettuce and Arabidopsis ɛ-cyclases involved in the determination of ring number were mapped by analysis of chimeric ɛ-cyclases constructed by using an inverse PCR approach. A single amino acid was found to act as a molecular switch: lettuce LCYe mutant H457L added only one ɛ-ring to lycopene, whereas the complementary Arabidopsis LCYe mutant, L448H, added two ɛ-rings. An R residue in this position also yields a bi-ɛ-cyclase for both the lettuce and Arabidopsis enzymes. Construction and analysis of chimera of related enzymes with differing catalytic activities provide an informative approach that may be of particular utility for studying membrane-associated enzymes that cannot easily be crystallized or modeled to existing crystal structures.
PI3K/Akt promotes feedforward mTORC2 activation through IKKα

The ser-thr Akt plays a critical role in the regulation of cell survival, cell growth and proliferation, as well as energy metabolism and is dysregulated in many cancers. The regulation of Akt activity depends on the phosphorylation at two sites: (i) Thr308 in the activation loop by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) and (ii) Ser473 hydrophobic motif at the carboxyl terminus by a second activity termed PDK2, which is the mTORC2 complex composed of mTOR, rictor, and Sin1. Previously we demonstrated that IKKα, a component of the IKK complex that controls NF-κB activation, participates in the Akt-dependent regulation of mTORC1. Here we have explored a potential involvement of IKKα in controlling Akt activity and whether this may involve mTORC2. The experiments show that IKKα associates with mTORC2 in several cancer cells in a manner dependent on PI3K/Akt activity and that IKKα positively promotes Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 and at Thr308. Moreover, IKKα enhances mTORC2 kinase activity directed to Akt on Ser473 and Akt-mediated phosphorylation of FOXO3a and GSK3β, but not other Akt-associated targets such as TSC2 and PRAS40, indicating the existence of multiple mechanisms of Akt activation in cells. In addition, loss of IKKα suppresses growth factor-induced Akt activation associated with mTORC1 inhibition. These results indicate that IKKα serves as a feedforward regulator of mTORC2 and that IKKα could serve as a key therapeutic target to block mTORC2 and Akt activation in some cancers.
R&d Competition and Firms' International Expansion R&d Competition and Firms' International Expansion* 0

This paper examines the impact of the rms' mode of foreign expansion on the incentive to innovate as well as the e ects of R&D activities and technological spillovers on the rms' international strategy. We consider a two country imperfect competition model where the rms face three di erent type of decisions: how to expand abroad, how much to spend in R&D and how much to sell in each market. Market structure is therefore endogenously determined as the equilibrium solution of a three stage game. It is shown that the rm that invests more in research is the one which is a MNE while the rival is an exporter, whereas the rm that invests less is the one that exports while the rival is a MNE. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship between multinational expansion and R&D investment and that, in turn, investment in research leads oligopolistic rms towards multinational expansion. The value of the spillover parameter too can be an important determinant of rms' international strategy. JEL: F12, F23, L10, 034
Self-reproduction of dynamical hierarchies in chemical systems

In biological systems higher order hyperstructures seem to occur both in an intuitive and a formal sense. Starting at a molecular level of description we have: molecules, polymers, supramolecular structures, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, etc. but in models and simulations of these systems it has turned out to be difficult to produce higher order emergent structures from first principles. We demonstrate how monomers (first order structures) compose polymers (second order structures) which in turn can assemble into ordered, micellar (third order) structures, which in turn can self-reproduce as they catalyse the formation of additionaly amphiphilic molecules. Processes of this particular kind have probably been important for the origins of life. Our molecular system is defined on a 2-D lattice and the dynamics is modeled as a discrete automaton. In this system all interactions (electromagnetic forces) are decomposed and communicated via propagating information particles. Each lattice site has an associated data structure where molecules are represented by inforamtion particles and their associated force fields (excluded volumes, kinetic energies, bond forces, attractive and repulsive forces) are decomposed and propagated as information particles as well. The propagation and interaction rules are derived from Newton's Laws. Based on this self-assembly and self-reproduction example it is possible to extract some of the principles involved in the generation of higher order (hyper-) structures and relate them to dynamical systems. An Ansatz for generating higher order structures in formal dynamical systems is given.
Disruption of a gene for rice sucrose transporter, OsSUT1, impairs pollen function but pollen maturation is unaffected

Sucrose transporters (SUTs) are known to play critical roles in the uptake of sucrose from the apoplast in various steps of sugar translocation. Because developing pollen is symplastically isolated from anther tissues, it is hypothesized that SUTs are active in the uptake of apoplastic sucrose into pollen. To investigate this possibility, a comprehensive expression analysis was performed for members of the SUT gene family in the developing pollen of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using real-time RT-PCR combined with a laser microdissection technique. Among the five SUT genes, OsSUT1 and OsSUT3 were found to be preferentially expressed and had temporal expression patterns that were distinct from each other. Expression of OsSUT1 in pollen was confirmed by a promoter–GUS fusion assay. The physiological function of OsSUT1 in pollen was further investigated using retrotransposon insertion mutant lines. While the homozygote of disrupted OsSUT1 (SUT1–/–) could not be obtained, heterozygote plants (SUT1+/–) showed normal grain filling. Their progeny segregated into SUT1+/– and SUT1+/+ with the ratio of 1:1, suggesting that the pollen disrupted for OsSUT1 is dysfunctional. This hypothesis was reinforced in vivo by a backcross of SUT1+/– plants with wild-type plants and also by in vitro pollen germination on the artificial media. However, starch accumulation during pollen development was not affected by disruption of OsSUT1, suggesting that the sugar(s) required for starch biosynthesis is supplied by other sugar transporters.
Public Goods, Transferable Utility and Divorce Laws

We reconsider the well known Becker-Coase (BC) argument, according to which changes in divorce laws should not affect divorce rates, in the context of households which consume public goods in addition to private goods. For this result to hold, utility must be transferable both within marriage and upon divorce, and the marginal rate of substitution between public and private consumption needs to be invariant in marital status. We develop a model in which couples consume public goods and show that if divorce alters the way some goods are consumed (either because some goods that are public in marriage become private in divorce or because divorce affects the marginal rate of substitution between public and private goods), then the Becker-Coase theorem holds only under strict quasi-linearity. We conclude that, in general, divorce laws will influence the divorce rate, although the impact of a change in divorce laws can go in either direction.
Re-Weighted l_1 Dynamic Filtering for Time-Varying Sparse Signal Estimation

Signal estimation from incomplete observations improves as more signal structure can be exploited in the inference process. Classic algorithms (e.g., Kalman filtering) have exploited strong dynamic structure for time-varying signals while modern work has often focused on exploiting low-dimensional signal structure (e.g., sparsity in a basis) for static signals. Few algorithms attempt to merge both static and dynamic structure to improve estimation for time-varying sparse signals (e.g., video). In this work we present a re-weighted l_1 dynamic filtering scheme for causal signal estimation that utilizes both sparsity assumptions and dynamic structure. Our algorithm leverages work on hierarchical Laplacian scale mixture models to create a dynamic probabilistic model. The resulting algorithm incorporates both dynamic and sparsity priors in the estimation procedure in a robust and efficient algorithm. We demonstrate the results in simulation using both synthetic and natural data.
Transcriptome of Small Regulatory RNAs in the Development of the Zoonotic Parasite Trichinella spiralis

Background Trichinella spiralis is a parasite with unique features. It is a multicellular organism but with an intracellular parasitization and development stage. T. spiralis is the helminthic pathogen that causes zoonotic trichinellosis and afflicts more than 10 million people worldwide, whereas the parasite's biology, especially the developmental regulation is largely unknown. In other organisms, small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNA) and small interfering RNAs (siRNA) execute post-transcriptional regulation by translational repression or mRNA degradation, and a large number of miRNAs have been identified in diverse species. In T. spiralis, the profile of small non-coding RNAs and their function remains poorly understood. Methodology and Principal Findings Here, the transcriptional profiles of miRNA and siRNA in three developmental stages of T. spiralis in the rat host were investigated, and compared by high-throughput cDNA sequencing technique (“RNA-seq”). 5,443,641 unique sequence tags were obtained. Of these, 21 represented conserved miRNAs related to 13 previously identified metazoan miRNA families and 213 were novel miRNAs so far unique to T. spiralis. Some of these miRNAs exhibited stage-specific expression. Expression of miRNAs was confirmed in three stages of the life cycle by qRT-PCR and northern blot analysis. In addition, endogenous siRNAs (endo-siRNAs) were found mainly derived from natural antisense transcripts (NAT) and transposable elements (TE) in the parasite. Conclusions and Significance We provide evidence for the presence of miRNAs and endo-siRNAs in T. spiralis. The miRNAs accounted for the major proportion of the small regulatory RNA population of T. spiralis, while fewer endogenous siRNAs were found. The finding of stage-specific expression patterns of the miRNAs in different developmental stages of T. spiralis suggests that miRNAs may play important roles in parasite development. Our data provide a basis for further understanding of the molecular regulation and functional evolution of miRNAs in parasitic nematodes.
TSPSCDP: A Time-Stamp Continuous Data Protection Approach Based on Pipeline Strategy

Traditional cold backup technology can not fight against data loss between two consecutive backups which usually has a time span of 24 hours. Hot backup technology, such as snapshot decreases the amount of potential data loss, but still cannot completely prevent data loss. More recently, a new technology called continuous data protection (CDP) is emerging to provide more powerful data protection. CDP captures every change to the data volume hence can provide any point-in-time data views and enable timely recovery to any point-in-time of user data. However, existing implementations of CDP usually suffer from poor write performance and cannot meet the data protection demand of some high performance application environments. How to improve the CDP performance in terms of write throughput and response time is one of the most important considerations in implementing CDP. This paper presents a time-stamp pipeline strategy continuous data protection approach called TSPSCDP which uses pipeline strategy in write operation of CDP to improve data processing capability. Our experiments demonstrated that TSPSCDP can not only recover data to any point-in-time upon a failure but also improve the CDP performance in terms of write throughput and respond time upon the ordinary CDP by a factor of 2 and about 25% respectively.
Control and Cybernetics Evaluation of Node Position Based on Email Communication *

Rapid development of various kinds of social networks within the Internet enabled investigation of their properties and analyzing their structure. An interesting scientific problem in this domain is the assessment of the node position within the directed , weighted graph that represents the social network of email users. The new method of node position analysis, which takes into account both the node positions of the neighbors and the strength of connections between network nodes, is presented in the paper. The node position can be used to discover key network users, who are the most important in the population and who have potentially the greatest influence on others. The experiments carried out on two datasets enabled studying the main properties of the new measure.
In vivo effects of monoclonal antibodies that functionally inhibit complement regulatory proteins in rats

The present work was designed to evaluate the effects of functional suppression of complement regulatory proteins in vivo. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized with Nembutal and were intravenously injected with 1 mg/kg of F(ab')2 or Fab fraction of either monoclonal antibody 5I2, which inhibits the function of rat counterpart of mouse Crry/p65, or monoclonal antibody 6D1, which inhibits the rat counterpart of CD59. Mean arterial pressure was continuously measured for 30 min. When 5I2 was injected, there was a biphasic change of mean arterial pressure, namely, the rapid increase immediately after the injection (approximately 2 min, phase 1) and the subsequent fall and slow recovery (approximately 4-30 min, phase 2). These effects were completely abrogated by pretreatment of rats with cobra venom factor. Pretreatment with carboxypeptidase inhibitor, which inhibits inactivation of anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, induced enhanced reduction of blood pressure. Circulating leukocytes and platelets were rapidly decreased 5 min after antibody injection and became normal by 2 h. Hematocrit and erythrocyte count were continuously increased up to 2 h after injection, suggesting that there was hemoconcentration due to increased vascular permeability. Immunofluorescence study revealed binding of antibody fragments and rat C3 along the capillaries of lung, heart, and liver 5 min after injection. In contrast to 5I2, F(ab')2 fraction of 6D1, though localized to the same areas and in similar amounts, had no significant effect on the parameters measured. These data suggest that the rat counterpart of mouse Crry/p65 plays a vital role in vivo by preventing the activation of autologous complement on vascular endothelium.
Employment Patterns among Parents of Children with Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus Abstract Employment Patterns among Parents of Children with Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus (iddm)

Objective: To examine the influence of diabetes on the employment patterns of parents of children living with diabetes. Study Design: A case-control study of 197 families with an IDDM child and 142 control families without IDDM children was conducted. Case families were identified from a population-based diabetes registry. Brothers and sisters of the parents in the IDDM families were asked to participate as controls. Employment rates, absenteeism related to child care, and changes in work status were assessed by questionnaire. Surveys were obtained from 85% of the families (172 case: 118 control). Results: No difference was found between the IDDM and control families in the overall rate of employment and changes in work patterns. IDDM families, though, were more likely to report absences from work related to child care (58% vs. 45%, p<0.05). This impact was greatest for the working mothers. The greatest impact of IDDM on employment may be faced by single parents, who reported lower rates of employment and higher rates of absenteeism and changes in work patterns. Conclusions: Families face decisions regarding employment and the appropriate level of care for children with diabetes. These data illustrate that most families with an IDDM child have employment experiences similar to those of families without diabetic children. Larger sample sizes of single parent families are necessary to confirm these findings.