Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Agricultural Academy ORGANIC CARBON STOCK IN PASTURE LANDSCAPES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE CENTRAL BALKAN NATIONAL

Karatoteva, D. and L. Malinova, 2017. Organic carbon stock in pasture landscapes on the territory of the Central Balkan National Park. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 23 (5): 787–792 Aim of study is to determine the org. C stock in georeferenced sample plots on the territory of the Central Balkan National Park for the purposes of long-term observations and assessment of its change under the infl uence of natural and/or anthropogenic factors. The org. C stock was determined in 17 sample plots, arranged in pastures from the low-mountain, mid-mountain and high-mountain landscapes. The impact of the altitude on the org. C stock, bulk density of fi ne earth, total nitrogen and the ratio org. C/N was assessed within the range from 535 m to 1878 m. A positive correlation was determined between the org. C stock and the change in altitude, as well as a negative one between the bulk density of soils and the altitude. Signifi cant differences in the org. C stock were determined according to the soil units. The results of the org. C stock in soils from georeferenced locations from low, mid and high-mountain landscapes can be used to develop time data series for the purposes of long-term observations and assessments.
Dynamic Aspect Oriented C + + for Application Upgrading Without Restarting

This paper presents an extension to C++ to construct easily upgradeable systems without restarting. With current applications of the Internet, the need for new structures to achieve a high degree of dynamic adaptability becomes apparent. Here we propose to address the issue of modularization of networking services whose implementation would otherwise be scattered in many different places. The advantage of such modularization is that these services become easier to control and adapt at runtime. The cost of extracting what otherwise would be scattered code and modularizing it is the need to provide mechanisms to quantify the points in the program where the code needs to run. In addition, the issue of switching from one system version to another is addressed. The paper presents the DAO C++ language Dynamic Aspect Oriented C++ system, its implementation and its potential use for dynamic applications upgrading.
Beta-endorphin mediates behavioral despair and the effect of ethanol on the tail suspension test in mice.

BACKGROUND The opioid peptide beta-endorphin (beta-E) is synthesized and released in response to stressful stimuli as well as acute alcohol administration. The release of beta-E following exposure to an inescapable aversive situation may mediate behaviors that contribute to allostasis of the stress response. The present study examines the effects of beta-E on immobility in assays involving inescapable stress, both under basal conditions and after acute administration of EtOH. METHODS Female and male transgenic mice with varying capacities to translate beta-E were subjected to either the forced swim (FST, Experiment 1) or the tail suspension test (TST, Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, mice were divided into three groups based on hormonal status (male, female-estrous, and female-nonestrous) and injected with either 1 g/kg EtOH or equivolume saline 14 minutes prior to behavioral assessment on the TST. RESULTS Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrated a direct relationship between beta-E levels and immobility. There were also sex differences in behavior in these tests, with males displaying more immobility than females. A main effect of genotype in Experiment 3 replicated findings in Experiments 1 and 2. There was also an effect of EtOH (increasing immobility) and a significant interaction reflecting a particularly robust effect of the drug in mice with low beta-E. In addition, there were interactions between beta-E, EtOH effects, and hormonal status. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the contention that beta-E moderates behavioral responses to stressful stimuli and suggest a role for this peptide in coping behavior. Furthermore, the effects of EtOH on the response to stress may be mediated by beta-E. Sex differences in this influence may contribute to sex differences in disease susceptibility and expression.
Role of Nitric Oxide in the Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow in Humans: Chemoregulation Versus Mechanoregulation

Background—From animal studies it emerged that nitric oxide is important for the modulation of CO2-mediated cerebral blood flow (CBF chemoregulation) but not for the pressor-dependent mechanism (mechanoregulation). This hypothesis was tested in 18 healthy subjects. Methods and Results—Peak velocity (PV), diastolic velocity (DV), and mean velocity (MV) were measured by transcranial Doppler of the middle cerebral artery. Chemoregulation was assessed during normocapnia, hypocapnia, and after inhaled mixture of 95% O2+5% CO2. Mechanoregulation was evaluated by incremental doses of phenylephrine. Measurements were repeated during infusion of sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Regional cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) was calculated as mean blood pressure (BP)/MV. SNP infusion decreased mean BP by 7 mm Hg and CVR decreased from 1.38±0.08 to 1.29±0.09 mm Hg/cm · s−1;P =0.01, resulting in unaffected CBF. Phenylephrine (25 to 250 &mgr;g) caused a similar increase in BP in a dose-response fashion before and during SNP infusion. Despite the increments in BP and CVR, CBF remained unaffected. During hyperventilation (end-tidal CO2 ≈24 mm Hg), CVR increased by 75±3% and PV and DV decreased by 27±2% and 43±2%, respectively (P <0.001 for all). SNP infusion blunted the vasoconstrictive effect of hypocapnia; CVR increased only by 57±5%, and PV and DV decreased by 23±2% and 35±3%, respectively, (P <0.05 for all). Similarly, SNP augmented the vasodilatory effect of hypercapnia. Conclusions—Exogenous nitric oxide donor affects the basal cerebral vascular tone without affecting the CBF mechanoregulation. However, it selectively affects only the chemoregulatory mechanism (CO2-dependent). Thus, the CO2-NO axis is a cardinal pathway for CBF regulation in humans.
Gardening with Low-Cost Drip Irrigation in Kenya : For Health and Profit

Background Like other sub-Saharan countries, land and water resources are becoming even scarcer and arable land in Kenya has decreased from about 5 ha per person in 1960 to 0.2 ha per person in 1998. The high population growth has contributed to this decline but it is evident that agricultural production has also kept pace perhaps because it was based on intensification policies, which are no longer feasible. Coupled with lack of appropriate technologies, this decline in per capita arable land is the main cause of declining food security and increasing poverty, which the country has been experiencing over the last decade.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR UNDERSTANDING AND MONITORING OF HEALTH DISEASES ON SOCIAL MEDIA

— Online networking has turned into a noteworthy hotspot for breaking down all parts of every day life. Because of devoted inactive theme investigation techniques.In this work, we are keen on utilizing internet based life to screen individuals' wellbeing after some time. The utilization of tweets has a few advantages including prompt information accessibility at practically no expense. Early observing of wellbeing information is integral to post-factum thinks about and empowers a scope of utilizations. We initially propose the Temporal Ailment Topic Aspect Model (TM– ATAM), another inert model committed to tackling the main issue by catching changes that include wellbeing related points. TM– ATAM is a non-clear augmentation to ATAM that was intended to extricate wellbeing related points. It learns wellbeing related theme changes by limiting the forecast blunder on subject disseminations between continuous posts at various time and geographic granularities. To take care of the second issue, we create T– ATAM, a Temporal Ailment Topic Aspect Model where time is treated as an irregular variable locally inside ATAM. Our examinations on a 8-month corpus of tweets demonstrate that TM– ATAM beats TM– LDA in assessing wellbeing related changes from tweets for various geographic populaces. We inspect the capacity of TM– ATAM to recognize changes because of atmosphere conditions in various geographic locales. At that point show how T– ATAM can be utilized to anticipate the most critical progress and also contrast T– ATAM and CDC (Center for Disease Control) information and Google Flu Trends.
University ’ s repository of research publications and other research outputs Designing for Reflection on Sender Effort in Close Personal Communication Conference or Workshop Item

Research has identified that people in close relationships value effort that is invested into the creation of digital messages. This paper explores the potential for communication systems to encourage reflection by revealing evidence of effort to message recipients, allowing for it to be appreciated. Focusing on text-based communication, we report findings from an exploratory study of three interface prototypes that probe users’ reactions to the notion of revealing sender effort. We find that information about effort can foster empathy and appreciation by encouraging reflection over meaningful actions. However, designers of communication tools must address the issues of authenticity, controlled disclosure and cost in access if reflection on effort is to be valued.We consider how designers might negotiate these issues in future effortsensitive communication technologies.
Machine Learning Final Project Report Modeling Topic Affinity through the Lens of Social Interactions using Probabilistic Topic Modeling

A person’s use of language pattern is influenced by a variety of factors. Peer influence, an effect commonly seen in social interactions, can be a crucial element determining how one expresses and communicates with others. Due to the availability of social media data, recent studies have put heavier emphasis on modeling jointly the dynamics of linguistic usage patterns and social structure. Therefore, it seems reasonable that given a community, we can cross-examine the textual content and the corresponding social relations obtained from external sources (such as Twitter) as complementary information to understand how one expresses language. With the prevalence of probabilistic topic modeling as a statistical approach to fit language, in this paper, I ask the question that, is it possible to consider social interaction effects jointly with statistical language model such that the resulting model incorporates social effects of the community group? I will provide intuition to the benefit of incorporating social information, and present a framework based on a variant of Latent Dirichlet Allocation called Dirichlet Multinomial Regression (DMR) for model and testing. A system is built to effectively crawl relevant information from heterogeneous online sources, and disambiguate entities that appear in multiple contexts. I test the proposed framework on two datasets: online journalism of news articles from Boston Globe and geotagged tweets in Cambridge. Experiment results show that incorporating social features does exhibit more explanative power for language usage. I further discuss potential strategies to deal with high dimensional space and information selection for heterogeneous social relations. The paper also briefly discusses on how to apply the obtained model to prediction applications.
Building a Benchmark for Task Progress in Digital Assistants

Understanding how tasks progress over time enables digital assistants to help with current activities and support future activities. Imbuing assistants with the ability to track task progress requires machine-learned models. In this paper, we describe an ongoing effort to collect signals from Cyber, Physical, and Social (CPS) activities, together with human assessments of task progression, to serve as a benchmark for training and testing such models. Collecting this data over time is inherently challenging in the daily sensing scenario. Consequently, lessons learned from our ongoing data collection are discussed to provide more insights for future research innovations in task intelligence
Early Life Determinants of Cognitive Ability: A Comparative Study on Madagascar and Senegal

We study the determinants of educational and cognitive outcomes of young adults in Madagascar and Senegal employing a production function approach. Using unique and comparable long-term panel data sets from both countries, we find that cognitive skills measured using test scores in second grade are strong predictors of school attainment and cognitive skills of a cohort of individuals surveyed in their early twenties. The inclusion of early life household wealth, parental education and other household characteristics in the model does not diminish the impact of early cognitive ability on educational and cognitive outcomes in young adult life. Additionally, we find that both early life cognitive ability and health seem to have independent effects on educational attainment and adult cognition. In Senegal, both math and French scores are strong predictors of adult cognitive skills, whereas in Madagascar math plays a relatively stronger role. We find suggestive evidence that the association between early life cognitive ability and later life outcomes is stronger among girls as compared to boys. We also show significant differences in the relationship between early ability and later life test scores for those cohort members according to their height, which we consider a proxy for health status – shorter individuals show a stronger relationship between second grade performance and later life outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of how falling behind in early life may be critical in determining longterm outcomes, particularly for vulnerable groups, that is girls and shorter individuals.
The Renewed Case for the Reduced Instruction Set Computer: Avoiding ISA Bloat with Macro-Op Fusion for RISC-V

This report makes the case that a well-designed Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) can match, and even exceed, the performance and code density of existing commercial Complex Instruction Set Computers (CISC) while maintaining the simplicity and cost-effectiveness that underpins the original RISC goals. We begin by comparing the dynamic instruction counts and dynamic instruction bytes fetched for the popular proprietary ARMv7, ARMv8, IA-32, and x86-64 Instruction Set Architectures (ISAs) against the free and open RISC-V RV64G and RV64GC ISAs when running the SPEC CINT2006 benchmark suite. RISC-V was designed as a very small ISA to support a wide range of implementations, and has a less mature compiler toolchain. However, we observe that on SPEC CINT2006 RV64G executes on average 16% more instructions than x86-64, 3% more instructions than IA-32, 9% more instructions than ARMv8, but 4% fewer instructions than ARMv7. CISC x86 implementations break up complex instructions into smaller internal RISC-like micro-ops, and the RV64G instruction count is within 2% of the x86-64 retired micro-op count. RV64GC, the compressed variant of RV64G, is the densest ISA studied, fetching 8% fewer dynamic instruction bytes than x86-64. We observed that much of the increased RISC-V instruction count is due to a small set of common multi-instruction idioms. Exploiting this fact, the RV64G and RV64GC effective instruction count can be reduced by 5.4% on average by leveraging macro-op fusion. Combining the compressed RISC-V ISA extension with macro-op fusion provides both the densest ISA and the fewest dynamic operations retired per program, reducing the motivation to add more instructions to the ISA. This approach retains a single simple ISA suitable for both low-end and high-end implementations, where high-end implementations can boost performance through microarchitectural techniques.
How to Store XML Data ?

The article deals with the methods how to store XML data. We describe possibilities how to store XML data in relational databases, because relational systems are widely used. But XML data are trees, not tables, so the main attention of this article is oriented to native XML databases. We describe general properties of such sort of databases, and explain possible solutions on the two experimental native XML database management systems – ExDB and CellStore.
A CONTROL-ORIENTED BUILDING ENVELOPE AND HVAC SYSTEM SIMULATION MODEL FOR A TYPICAL LARGE OFFICE BUILDING

In this paper, we present a dynamic simulation model for a typical large office building in the U.S., which can be used as a virtual testbed to enable advanced control research for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. We employed EnergyPlus for calculating the building thermal load, and the Modelica Buildings library to model the dynamic behavior of the HVAC system. We used a functional mockup interface to enable run-time communication between the EnergyPlus model and the Modelica model. This simulation model can be driven by control inputs from the supervisory decision-making algorithms for advanced control system design and performance evaluation. To demonstrate the usage of the model, we performed the evaluation on two representative control sequences for large office buildings with this model. Simulation data allows us to compare the energy performance of these two sequences and captures the evolution of the system dynamics at a high temporal granularity.
Demographic and spatial characteristics of feral hogs in the Chihuahuan Desert, Texas

Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) have recently expanded their range to include portions of the arid regions of the Chihuahuan Desert, Texas. We examined feral hog density, survival rates, range size, and habitat use in the Davis Mountains, Texas, to understand hog ecology in a desert environment. We tested the hypothesis that densities of feral hogs across Texas would be positively related to precipitation. Feral hog densities in the Chihuahuan Desert were low (0.65 individuals/km 2 ), supporting our prediction. Annual home range sizes (100% minimum convex polygon) were also high and averaged 48.3 ± 4.4 km 2 and 34.0 ± 4.4 km 2 for males and females, respectively. Feral hogs exhibited a generalized use of habitats but preferred open-canopy, evergreen woodland. Annual survival rates for feral hogs were 0.86 (95% CI = 0.68-1.00). In the Chihuahuan Desert, feral hogs occurred in lower densities and had larger ranges than in more mesic environments. Efforts to control feral hogs in the Chihuahuan Desert should be concentrated on open-canopy, evergreen woodlands and sources of freestanding water.
Evaluation of P-wave velocity in different joint spacing

P-wave velocity measurements can be used to evaluate the rock mass quality. Multiple factors including joint spacing can potentially affect P-wave velocity. This paper explores P-wave velocity variations as a function of joint spacing in Andesite rock samples. Samples were collected from boreholes from a dam site under construction. Physical and lithological properties of the samples were determined; artificial joints of 2 and 5 cm spacing were also created in the samples. In order to perform measurements of the P-wave velocity in samples, transducers were attached to the both ends of the samples while applying the ultrasonic waves. The results show a good correlation between the wave velocity number of joints and their spacing. They indicate that the decrease of wave velocity depends primarily on the joint spacing rather than the number of joints.
New Exclusion Limits for the Search of Scalar and Pseudoscalar Axion-Like Particles from “ Light Shining Through a Wall ”

R. Ballou, 2 G. Deferne, M. Finger Jr., M. Finger, L. Flekova, J. Hosek, S. Kunc, K. Macuchova, K. A. Meissner, P. Pugnat, 2, ∗ M. Schott, A. Siemko, M. Slunecka, M. Sulc, C. Weinsheimer, and J. Zicha (OSQAR Collaboration) CNRS, Institut Néel, 38042 Grenoble, France Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France CERN, CH-1211 Geneva-23, Switzerland Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic Czech Technical University, Prague, Czech Republic Technical University of Liberec, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic University of Warsaw, Institute of Theoretical Physics, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland CNRS, LNCMI, F-38042 Grenoble, France University of Mainz, Institute of Physics, 55128 Mainz, Germany (Dated: August 26, 2015)
Development of a Policy-Relevant Classification System for School Districts.

This paper presents findings of a study that developed a classification system for 687 New York State public school districts. The system grouped similar districts and illustrated the relationship among student demographics, resources, and performance. The classification scheme was developed in three stages: (1) an examination of four unidimensional systems; (2) the derivation of a multidimensional system using cluster analysis; and (3) the development of a criterion-based multidimensional system that mimicked the system found in stage 2. The resulting school-district summary groups clearly differentiated districts on the basis of a variety of demographic, resource, and performance measures. The classification system identifies high performing schools in economically disadvantaged groupings. Students in rural schools achieve at higher levels than do students in urban and suburban environments. Data tabulated according to the scheme support numerous Board of Regents proposals, including those to distribute state aid to schools to achieve greater equity of fiscal resources; improve teacher recruitment for inner city schools; and provide staff development to allow teachers to better meet the diverse needs of students, particularly those from low income and minority families. Five tables are included. (Contains 14 references.) (Author/LMI) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *****************************************4-***************************** Development of a Policy-Relevant Classification System for School Districts Martha P. Musser, Ph.D. New York State Education Department Room 979 EBA Albany, NY 12234 MMusser@vml.nysed. gov Phone: (518) 473-8011 U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Off t o of E nocallonal Finsoaren ;Ind Imn,pyomcn, EDUCK.ONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) /his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating if 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarly represent oltical OERI position nr policy Development 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Paper presented at the annual conference of the American Educational Research Association, April 8-12, 1996, New York. The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author and should not be attributed to the New York State Education Department.
Web 2.0 as Platform for Inclusive Universal Access inCooperative Learning and Knowledge Sharing

The goal of this paper is to identify and analyze Web 2.0 services and usage models appropriate for assisting the realization of Inclusive Universal Access (introduced by Derntl and Motschnig-Pitrik as an extension to Universal Access) particularly in cooperative learning and knowledge sharing environments. The analysis is backed by previous research and experience either at the authors or other educational institutions. It can serve as a brief reference of a broad spectrum of Inclusive Universal Access scenarios which have proven to be successful together with their Web 2.0 support. It will hopefully also help Web 2.0 service developers to get deeper insight into the different aspects and effects of the new web services in terms of their applications in cooperative learning and knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the paper aims to reveal the gaps and future topics for research, development, and practice.