Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic recognition of cardiac arrhythmias based on the geometric patterns of Poincaré plots

The Poincaré plot emerges as an effective tool for assessing cardiovascular autonomic regulation. It displays nonlinear characteristics of heart rate variability (HRV) from electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings and gives a global view of the long range of ECG signals. In the telemedicine or computer-aided diagnosis system, it would offer significant auxiliary information for diagnosis if the patterns of the Poincaré plots can be automatically classified. Therefore, we developed an automatic classification system to distinguish five geometric patterns of the Poincaré plots from four types of cardiac arrhythmias. The statistics features are designed on measurements and an ensemble classifier of three types of neural networks is proposed. Aiming at the difficulty to set a proper threshold for classifying the multiple categories, the threshold selection strategy is analyzed. 24 h ECG monitoring recordings from 674 patients, which have four types of cardiac arrhythmias, are adopted for recognition. For comparison, Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers with linear and Gaussian kernels are also applied. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the extracted features and the better performance of the designed classifier. Our study can be applied to diagnose the corresponding sinus rhythm and arrhythmia substrates disease automatically in the telemedicine and computer-aided diagnosis system.
Monetary Policy and Inclusive Growth: How Costly are Disinflations to Inclusion in Nigeria?

This paper estimates the cost of disinflation to inclusive growth in Nigeria using quarterly data for the period 1960q1 – 2015q2. Two alternative methodologies are used to estimate the size of the cost of disinflation to inclusive growth in Nigeria. The paper also estimates the effect of central bank independence on the size of this cost. It was found that the cost of disinflation to output and unemployment and, hence, to inclusive growth is small during the sample period. In the period following central bank’s independence, however, the cost of disinflation had fallen to zero. The paper, therefore, concludes that the contractionary monetary policy that disinflations necessitate have very small effects on the inclusiveness of growth in Nigeria. In fact, such costs are nearly non-existent in the last few years. One implication of this finding is that the Central Bank of Nigeria may have little to fear in terms of potential costs of disinflation to inclusive growth, especially through its effect on output and unemployment.
Adaptive Robust State Observers for a Class of Uncertain Nonlinear Dynamical Systems With Delayed State Perturbations

The problem of adaptive robust state observer design is considered for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with delayed state perturbations. It is supposed that the upper bound of the nonlinearity and uncertainty, including delayed states, is a linear function of some parameters which are still assumed to be unknown. Here, it is not required that the nonlinear terms including delayed states are linear norm-bounded in the states. An improved adaptation law with sigma-modification is employed to estimate the unknown parameters. Then, by making use of the updated values of these unknown parameters a class of memoryless adaptive robust state observers is proposed for uncertain nonlinear time-delay systems. It is also shown that by employing the proposed adaptive robust state observer, the observation error between the observer state estimate and the true state can converge asymptotically to zero in the presence of significant uncertainties and time delays. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the validity of the results.
A new strategy of distribution system service restoration using distributed generation

Based on the information of the type, capacity and priority of important load in an area, taking a distribution network under the condition of various faults for case study, this paper studies service restoration of the distribution network with distributed generation, using distributed generators (DG) to decrease the area of load shedding, and ensure the reliability and quality of the voltage for important consumers concerning the economy aspect in various fault conditions. First, in the theory aspect, the service restoration strategy of distribution system supported by distributed power is treated as a nonlinear optimization problem. The objective function of the nonlinear optimization problem is to maintain the power supply to the loads with high priority as much as possible and also giving consideration to the minimization of active power loss and, in the mean time, satisfy the constraint of stable operation of the distribution network. A special calculation method is raised to cope with abnormal power flow which is easy to occur when DG is connected to the distribution network. Second, the binary particle swarm optimization(BPSO) is used to solve the model. At last, the service restoration method is verified by 13-node benchmark, and the simulation results demonstrate the validity of the method.
A Study of Gastro-Intestinal Helminths in Native Peafowl and Comparative Efficacy of Albendazol and Pyrantel Pamoate against the Helminth Parasites

Received: Revised: Accepted: 2013–11–17 2014–02–28 2014–03–04 The study was conducted to determine the infection rate of helminths in peafowls and to evaluate the comparative efficacy of two broad spectrum anthelmintics. For this purpose, fecal samples of 87 different breeds of peafowls were collected and tested for the presence of helminths. Fecal samples were examined by direct smear and centrifugal floatation methods for qualitative examination. For quantitative examination McMaster Egg Counting Technique was used. We found that 56.32% (49 out of 87) peafowls were positive for gastrointestinal helminths. Single or mixed infection of Heterakis gallinae, Ascaridia galli, Davainea proglottina, Capillaria columbae and Acuaria spiralis was present with their individual percentage was 36.73%, 26.53%, 6.12%, 18.37% and 12.24%, respectively. Out of these 49 birds 48 positive birds were divided in 3 groups A, B and C, each comprising of 16 birds. The uninfected and untreated birds were kept in group D. Chemotherapeutic trials were conducted to the birds of group A and B. While group C served as positive control and group D served as negative control for chemotherapeutic trials. Group A was treated with Albendazole 0.1ml/kg body weight and group B was treated with Pyrantel pamoate (0.1 mL /kg body weight). We found that Albendazole is more effective against gastrointestinal helminths having 94.92% efficacy as compare to Pyrantel pamoate which showed 78.34% efficacy on 10 day of drug treatment. All copyrights reserved to Nexus® academic publishers
East Asia and Solar Energy Trade Network Patterns

Abstract The extent to which core‐periphery hierarchical trade patterns have significantly changed with the emergence of Asia remains debated. This paper addresses the debate by examining the spatial patterns and mobility of Asian countries in global solar energy trade. Based on network analysis from 1990 to 2013, it shows that Japan, Singapore, and Malaysia emerged as core countries as early as 1990. The Asian core expanded to six countries by 2013, including Japan, South Korea, China, and Singapore. China in particular moved steeply upward in the spatial hierarchy. The United States also experienced considerable vertical mobility, but Germany is the most stable core. The rise of East and Southeast Asia, however, did not decrease economic inequality internationally. Rather, new patterns of network inequality may be observed both within Asia and globally. Less developed Southeast and South Asia—Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Pakistan—experienced no or marginal mobility.
Effects of inductive coupling on parallel MR image reconstructions

Theoretical arguments and experimental results are presented that characterize the impact of inductive coupling on the performance of parallel MRI reconstructions. A simple model of MR signal and noise reception suggests that the intrinsic amount of spatial information available from a given coil array is unchanged in the presence of inductive coupling, as long as the sample remains the dominant source of noise for the coupled array. Any loss of distinctness in the measured coil sensitivities is compensated by information stored in the measured noise correlations. Adjustments to the theory are described to account for preamplifier noise contributions. Results are presented from an experimental system in which preamplifier input impedances are systematically adjusted in order to vary the level of coupling between array elements. Parallel image reconstructions using an array with four different levels of coupling and an acceleration factor up to six show average SNR changes of −7.6% to +7.5%. The modest changes in overall SNR are accompanied by similarly small changes in g‐factor. These initial results suggest that moderate amounts of inductive coupling should not have a prohibitive effect on the use of a given coil array for parallel MRI. Magn Reson Med 52:628–639, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Novel Joint Optimization Method for Adaptive Hand-held Video Stabilization Based on Spatial-temporal Consistency

Video stabilization for hand-held camera is vital in many high-level video enhancement applications. Although quite a few proposed approaches have achieved remarkable success in recent years, many technical challenges still prevail for video (from hand-held camera) containing wide-range scenes and highlyvariable objects. In particular, we are lacking effective and versatile strategies to adaptively handle saliency preservation, parallax diminution, self-adaptive smoothing, cropping area decrement and video completeness in a consistent spatial-temporal fashion. To ameliorate, this paper develops a novel, joint optimization method to successively respect spatial structure consistency and temporal feature constraints. Our aim is to devise a new adaptive video stabilization technique by resorting to new modeling strategies. This paper’s key originality is hinged upon joint utility of both self-adaptive intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) in temporal domain for video signal and mesh-structure constraint enforcement in the spatial domain. As a result, our new approach can optimize camera trajectory of wobbly video, and synchronously fine-tune the camera path based on key features to make the shaking video much closer to the original trend. To validate our joint optimization approach for adaptive video stabilization, we conduct comprehensive experiments on public benchmarks, and make extensive and quantitative evaluations with available state-of-the-art methods as well as popular commercial software. All of our experiments demonstrate the advantages of the joint optimization method in terms of versatility, accuracy, and efficiency. Keywords—hand-held Camera; adaptive video stabilization; spatial structure consistency; feature-centric EMD; self-adaptive IMF selection; video extrapolation and interpolation
Learning lessons, policy transfer and the international diffusion of policy ideas

The literature on policy transfer, diffusion and convergence as well as lesson drawing is burgeoning. The common theme among studies in this field is the concern with ‘knowledge about how policies, administrative arrangements, institutions and ideas in one political setting (past or present) is used in the development of policies, administrative arrangements, institutions and ideas in another political setting’ (Dolowitz & Marsh, 2000: 5 my emphasis). With the specific focus on knowledge actors, this paper highlights the roles played by non-state actors who act as ‘policy entrepreneurs’ and interact with officials in government and international organisation in the international spread of ideas and information. Second, it suggests that transfer is a process that is often facilitated within networks. Third, incorporating concepts about social learning helps account for when transfer is effective or not. Finally, the discussion advocates a more global focus – rather than the focus on transfer within or between OECD countries – to draw greater attention to the coercive character of transfer.
Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries, Part I

Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are common among athletes. Although the true natural history remains unclear, anterior cruciate ligament injuries are functionally disabling; they predispose the knee to subsequent injuries and the early onset of osteoarthritis. This article, the first in a 2-part series, was initiated with the use of the PubMed database and a comprehensive search of articles that appeared between January 1994 to the present, using the keywords anterior cruciate ligament. A total of 3810 citations were identified and reviewed to determine the current state of knowledge about the treatment of these injuries. Articles pertaining to the biomechanical behavior of the anterior cruciate ligament, the prevalence of anterior cruciate ligament injury, the natural history of the anterior cruciate ligament–deficient knee, injuries associated with anterior cruciate ligament disruption, risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury, indications for treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries, and nonoperative and operative treatments were obtained, reviewed, and served as the basis for part I. Part II, to be presented in another issue of this journal, includes technical aspects of anterior cruciate ligament surgery, bone tunnel widening, graft healing, rehabilitation after reconstruction, and the effect of sex, age, and activity level on the outcome of surgery. Our approach was to build on prior reviews and to provide an overview of the literature for each of the before-mentioned areas of study by summarizing the highest level of scientific evidence available. For the areas that required a descriptive approach to research, we focused on the prospective studies that were available; for the areas that required an experimental approach, we focused on the prospective, randomized controlled trials and, when necessary, the highest level of evidence available. We were surprised to learn that considerable advances have been made during the past decade regarding the treatment of this devastating injury.
Being with woman: A guiding concept for the care of laboring women.

OBJECTIVE To review the literature concerning the midwifery concept of being with woman and the related nursing concepts of presence and social support during childbirth. DATA SOURCES Literature in the English language from 1985 through 2000, using MEDLINE and CINAHL. DATA EXTRACTION Discussion of articles from relevant journals and textbooks were included. Pertinent older sources, which enhanced the understanding of the concepts, were reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS Being with woman is defined as the provision of emotional, physical, spiritual, and psychological presence/support by the caregiver as desired by the laboring woman. Ample evidence exists for including being with woman as a central concept of the model of care for women in labor. The qualitative review indicates that women value and desire the attributes of the concept during childbirth. The qualitative and quantitative literature demonstrate beneficial physiological and psychological outcomes for women who experience being with woman. CONCLUSIONS Obstetric units would be wise to incorporate the being with woman model of care as routine policy for the care of laboring women by midwives and nurses. Being with woman provides psychological and physiological benefits for women, client satisfaction, and potential cost savings.
From user equilibrium to system optimum: a literature review on the role of travel information, bounded rationality and non-selfish behaviour at the network and individual levels

ABSTRACT Travel information continues to receive significant attention in the field of travel behaviour research, as it is expected to help reduce congestion by directing the network state from a user equilibrium towards a more efficient system optimum. This literature review contributes to the existing literature in at least two ways. First, it considers both the individual perspective and the network perspective when assessing the potential effects of travel information, in contrast to earlier studies. Secondly, it highlights the role of bounded rationality as well as that of non-selfish behaviour in route choice and in response to information, complementing earlier reviews that mostly focused on bounded rationality only. It is concluded that information strategies should be tailor-made to an individual's level of rationality as well as level of selfishness in order to approach system-optimal conditions on the network level. Moreover, initial ideas and future research directions are provided for assessing the potential of travel information in order to improve network efficiency of existing road networks.
An investigation of the roles of traditional leadership in the liberation struggle in southern Sudan from 1983-2004

The aim of this research study was to examine the role of traditional leadership during the upsurge of civil war in Southern Sudan. There has not been much research conducted in this field especially in Abiem County. Throughout the research process the role of traditional leaders has shown an unprecedented position during the liberation struggled characterized by huge support in terms of material support, manpower and political mobilization. The data analysis clearly reflected the roles of traditional leaders that occupied the historical perspective amidst the armed struggle waged by successive liberation movements and especially during the Sudan people’s Liberation Movement and Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLM/SPLA) from 1983 - 2004. It reflected on the vital roles of people’s support in the liberation movement represented by their traditional leaders, chiefs, elders, spiritual leaders, women and youth. Thus the perception of the role of traditional leadership in its different categories ha s shown a satisfactory and effective contribution to the war of liberation in Southern Sudan. However, in order to achieve the objectives, an investigation was conducted with various interviewees. As stated earlier, participants ranged from the chiefs and elders to local military and civil appointed administrators, women, youth and religious leaders. The main results of the study have profoundly asserted the important role of traditional leaders in the local government and their involvement in popular decision making and in local conflict management.
Inward transport of [3H]‐1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium in rat isolated hepatocytes: putative involvement of a P‐glycoprotein transporter

1 The liver has an important role in the detoxification of organic cations from the circulation. [3H]‐1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium ([3H]‐MPP+), a low molecular weight organic cation, is efficiently taken up and accumulated by rat hepatocytes through mechanisms partially unknown. 2 The aim of the present work was to characterize further the uptake of MPP+ by rat isolated hepatocytes. The putative interactions of a wide range of drugs, including inhibitors/substrates of P‐glycoprotein, were studied. 3 The uptake of MPP+ was investigated in rat freshly isolated hepatocytes (incubated in Krebs‐Henseleit medium with 200 nM [3H]‐MPP+ for 5 min) and in the rat liver in situ (perfused with Krebs‐Henseleit/BSA medium with 200 nM [3H]‐MPP+ for 30 min). [3H]‐MPP+ accumulation in the cells and in tissue was determined by liquid scintillation counting. 4 Verapamil (100 μm), quinidine (100 μm), amiloride (1 mM), (+)‐tubocurarine (100 μm), vecuronium (45 μm), bilirubin (200 μm), progesterone (200 μm), daunomycin (100 μm), vinblastine (100 μm), cyclosporin A (100 μm) and cimetidine (100 μm) had a significant inhibitory effect on the accumulation of [3H]‐MPP+ in isolated hepatocytes. Tetraethylammonium (100 μm) had no effect. 5 In the rat perfused liver, both cyclosporin A (100 μm) and verapamil (100 μm) had much less marked inhibitory effects as compared to their effects on isolated hepatocytes (0% against 35% and 45% against 96% of inhibition, respectively). 6 Inhibition of alkaline phosphatase activity by increasing or decreasing the pH of the incubation medium or by the presence of vanadate (1 mM) or homoarginine (500 μm) led to a significant increase in the accumulation of [3H]‐MPP+ in isolated hepatocytes. 7 It was concluded that, in addition to the type I organic cation hepatic transporter, [3H]‐MPP+ is taken up by rat isolated hepatocytes through P‐glycoprotein, a canalicular transport system that usually excretes endobiotics and xenobiotics. We proposed that the reversal of transport through P‐glycoprotein may be related to the loss of efficiency of alkaline phosphatase in isolated hepatocytes.
CpG-binding Protein Is a Nuclear Matrix- and Euchromatin-associated Protein Localized to Nuclear Speckles Containing Human Trithorax

CpG-binding protein (CGBP) binds unmethylated CpG dinucleotides and is essential for mammalian development. CGBP exhibits a punctate nuclear localization correlated with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole light regions and is excluded from metaphase chromosomes. The distribution of CGBP is distinct from the heterochromatin-associated proteins MBD1, methyl-CpG-binding protein 2, and HP1α. Some CGBP-containing nuclear speckles co-localize with splicing factor SC-35 and actively transcribed regions of the genome, whereas most CGBP co-localizes with acetylated histones, indicating that CGBP is localized to active chromatin. CGBP contains two nuclear localization signals that are insufficient to direct punctate subnuclear distribution. Instead, localization of CGBP to nuclear speckles requires signals within the acidic, basic, and coiled-coil domains. CGBP associates with the nuclear matrix, and fragments of CGBP that fail to associate with the nuclear matrix fail to localize to nuclear speckles and exhibit reduced transcriptional activation activity. Mutated versions of CGBP that lack DNA binding activity exhibit a normal nuclear distribution, suggesting that CGBP accumulates at nuclear speckles as a result of protein/protein interactions. Importantly, the subcellular distribution of CGBP is identical to human trithorax, suggesting that these proteins may be components of a multimeric complex analogous to the histone-methylating Set1 complex ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae that contains CGBP and trithorax homologues.
Supply Chain Models with Imperfect Production Process and Volume Flexibility Under Inflation

This study develops a supply chain from the perspective of both the manufacturer and the retailer. The effect of imperfect production processes on lot-sizing is also considered. In this paper, a production model that takes into account volume flexibility, weibull distribution deterioration rate and inflation is proposed. Items of imperfect quality can be sold at a reduced selling price. The solution of the inventory system is illustrated with the help of a numerical example. The sensitivity of some variables to changes in the values of the parameters of the systems is also examined.