Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling methodology for a CMOS-MEMS electrostatic comb

A methodology for combined modeling of capacitance and force 9in a multi-layer electrostatic comb is demonstrated in this paper. Conformal mapping-based analytical methods are limited to 2D symmetric cross-sections and cannot account for charge concentration effects at corners. Vertex capacitance can be more than 30% of the total capacitance in a single-layer 2 micrometers thick comb with 10 micrometers overlap. Furthermore, analytical equations are strictly valid only for perfectly symmetrical finger positions. Fringing and corner effects are likely to be more significant in a multi- layered CMOS-MEMS comb because of the presence of more edges and vertices. Vertical curling of CMOS-MEMS comb fingers may also lead to reduced capacitance and vertical forces. Gyroscopes are particularly sensitive to such undesirable forces, which therefore, need to be well-quantified. In order to address the above issues, a hybrid approach of superposing linear regression models over a set of core analytical models is implemented. Design of experiments is used to obtain data for capacitance and force using a commercial 3D boundary-element solver. Since accurate force values require significantly higher mesh refinement than accurate capacitance, we use numerical derivatives of capacitance values to compute the forces. The model is formulated such that the capacitance and force models use the same regression coefficients. The comb model thus obtained, fits the numerical capacitance data to within +/- 3% and force to within +/- 10%. The model is experimentally verified by measuring capacitance change in a specially designed test structure. The capacitance model matches measurements to within 10%. The comb model is implemented in an Analog Hardware Description Language (ADHL) for use in behavioral simulation of manufacturing variations in a CMOS-MEMS gyroscope.
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Creativity: A Model of Association

The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that neural processes underlying temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) also facilitate creativity. This hypothesis was based on evidence that TLE is associated with greater neuronal lability and generates sensory-limbic hyperconnectivity. 150 participants formed 3 groups (TLE group, non-CNS neurological group, nonclinical group) and completed a measure of potential creativity, the polygon figure-preference test. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed age and gender to be significant predictors of preference for complexity but clinical status was nonsignificant, suggesting that TLE was not associated with creativity in this sample. It is possible that certain properties of TLE exert a positive effect on creativity, although others exert a negative effect. Alternatively, the measure of creativity employed may not be suited to the nature of creativity presumed to be facilitated in individuals with TLE.
Removing Noise and Ambiguities from Comparative Maps in Rearrangement Analysis

Comparison of genomic maps is hampered by errors and ambiguities introduced by mapping technology, incorrectly resolved paralogy, small samples of markers, and extensive genome rearrangement. We design an analysis to remove or resolve most of these problems and to extract corrected data where markers occur in consecutive strips in both genomes. To do this, we introduce the notion of prestrip, an efficient way of generating these and a compatibility analysis culminating in a maximum weighted clique (MWC) search. The output can be directly analyzed with genome rearrangement algorithms, allowing the restoration of some of the data not incorporated into the clique solution. We investigate the trade-off between criteria for discarding excessive prestrips to make MWC feasible in terms of retaining as many markers as possible in the solution and producing an economical rearrangement analysis. We explore these questions through simulation and through comparison of the rice and sorghum genomes.
Semantic Parsing with Neural Hybrid Trees

We propose a neural graphical model for parsing natural language sentences into their logical representations. The graphical model is based on hybrid tree structures that jointly represent both sentences and semantics. Learning and decoding are done using efficient dynamic programming algorithms. The model is trained under a discriminative setting, which allows us to incorporate a rich set of features. Hybrid tree structures have shown to achieve state-of-the-art results on standard semantic parsing datasets. In this work, we propose a novel model that incorporates a rich, nonlinear featurization by a feedforward neural network. The error signals are computed with respect to the conditional random fields (CRFs) objective using an inside-outside algorithm, which are then backpropagated to the neural network. We demonstrate that by combining the strengths of the exact global inference in the hybrid tree models and the power of neural networks to extract high level features, our model is able to achieve new state-of-the-art results on standard benchmark datasets across different languages.
Ecohorror Special Cluster: “Living in Fear, Living in Dread, Pretty Soon We'll All Be Dead”

Horror is a powerful word. It evokes feelings of loathing, repugnance, aversion, dread, and outright terror. Horrific events take place in our world every day, so it is only natural that these events find their way into our collective imagination through literature, cinema, and other forms of art and popular discourse. These days, phrases like global climate change, the sixth extinction, and environmental injustice alert us to the horrific events poised to alter life as we know it on this planet. As literary and film scholars, we find that as we read texts, our sense of horror is amplified by considering the relationship between textual terrors and those in the material world. When one considers the terrors that humanity hath wrought upon the planet, particularly over the past two centuries, it is easy to be scared. As a literary and cinematic form, ecohorror has thus far been narrowly defined in popular discourse as those instances in texts when nature strikes back against humans as punishment for environmental disruption. Scholarship to this point has demonstrated that ecohorror motifs are most often found in “revenge of nature” narratives like Steven Spielberg's iconic film Jaws (1975) but may also occur in less overtly ecocritical works. A more expansive definition of ecohorror, which we would like to elucidate via this special cluster of essays, includes analyses of texts in which humans do horrific things to the natural world, or in which horrific texts and tropes are used to promote ecological awareness, represent ecological crises, or blur
Episodes of incivility between subordinates and supervisors: Examining the role of self‐control and time with an interaction‐record diary study.

Summary Scholars have hypothesized that experiencing incivility not only negatively affects well-being, but may even trigger further antisocial behavior. Previous research, however, has focused mainly on the relation between incivility and well-being. Thus, little is known about the behavioral consequences of incivility. With this in mind, we conducted an interaction-record diary study to examine whether supervisor incivility causes retaliatory incivility against the supervisor. Using the self-control strength model as a framework, we further examined whether the target’s trait (trait self-control) and state (exhaustion) self-regulatory capacities moderate this effect. In addition, we examined the role of time by testing the duration of the effect. When we analyzed the full data set, we found no support for our hypotheses. However, using a subset of the data in which the subsequent interaction happened on the same day as the prior interaction, our results showed that experiencing incivility predicted incivility in the subsequent interaction, but only when the time lag between the two interactions was short. Furthermore, in line with the assumption that self-regulatory capacities are required to restrain a target from retaliatory responses, the effect was stronger when individuals were exhausted. In contrast to our assumption, trait self-control had no effect on instigated incivility. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Calcium Overload and Cardiac Function

The changes in cardiac function caused by calcium overload are reviewed. Intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> may increase in different structures [e.g. sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), cytoplasm and mitochondria] to an excessive level which induces electrical and mechanical abnormalities in cardiac tissues. The electrical manifestations of Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload include arrhythmias caused by oscillatory (V<sub>os</sub>) and non-oscillatory (V<sub>ex</sub>) potentials. The mechanical manifestations include a decrease in force of contraction, contracture and aftercontractions. The underlying mechanisms involve a role of Na<sup>+</sup> in electrical abnormalities as a charge carrier in the Na<sup>+</sup>-Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchange and a role of Ca<sup>2+</sup> in mechanical toxicity. Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload may be induced by an increase in [Na<sup>+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> through the inhibition of the Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup> pump (e.g. toxic concentrations of digitalis) or by an increase in Ca<sup>2+</sup> load (e.g. catecholamines). The Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload is enhanced by fast rates. Purkinje fibers are more susceptible to Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload than myocardial fibers, possibly because of their greater Na<sup>+</sup> load. If the SR is predominantly Ca<sup>2+</sup> overloaded, V<sub>os</sub> and fast discharge are induced through an oscillatory release of Ca<sup>2+</sup> in diastole from the SR; if the cytoplasm is Ca<sup>2+</sup> overloaded, the non-oscillatory V<sub>ex</sub> tail is induced at negative potentials. The decrease in contractile force by Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload appears to be associated with a decrease in high energy phosphates, since it is enhanced by metabolic inhibitors and reduced by metabolic substrates. The ionic currents I<sub>os</sub> and I<sub>ex</sub> underlie V<sub>os</sub> and V<sub>ex</sub>, respectively, both being due to an electrogenic extrusion of Ca<sup>2+</sup> through the Na<sup>+</sup>-Ca<sup>2+</sup> exchange. I<sub>os</sub> is an oscillatory current due to an oscillatory release of Ca<sup>2+</sup> in early diastole from the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-overloaded SR, and I<sub>ex</sub> is a non-oscillatory current due to the extrusion of Ca<sup>2+</sup> from the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-overloaded cytoplasm. I<sub>os</sub> and I<sub>ex</sub> can be present singly or simultaneously. An increase in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> appears to be involved in the short- and long-term compensatory mechanisms that tend to maintain cardiac output in physiological and pathological conditions. Eventually, [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> may increase to overload levels and contribute to cardiac failure. Experimental evidence suggests that clinical concentrations of digitalis increase force in Ca<sup>2+</sup>-overloaded cardiac cells by decreasing the inhibition of the Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup> pump by Ca<sup>2+</sup>, thereby leading to a reduction in Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload and to an increase in force of contraction.
Exploring the effect of background knowledge and text cohesion on learning from texts in computer science

In this study, we examine the effect of background knowledge and local cohesion on learning from texts. The study is based on construction–integration model. Participants were 176 undergraduate students who read a Computer Science text. Half of the participants read a text of maximum local cohesion and the other a text of minimum local cohesion. Afterwards, they answered open-ended and multiple-choice versions of text-based, bridging-inference and elaborative-inference questions. The results showed that students with high background knowledge, reading the low-cohesion text, performed better in bridging-inference and in elaborative-inference questions, than those who read the high-cohesion text. Students with low background knowledge, reading the high-cohesion text, performed better in all types of questions than students reading the low-cohesion text only in elaborative-inference questions. The performance with open-ended and multiple-choice questions was similar, indicating that this type of question is more difficult to answer, regardless of the question format.
Whole Genome Duplications Shaped the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Repertoire of Jawed Vertebrates

The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) gene family, involved primarily in cell growth and differentiation, comprises proteins with a common enzymatic tyrosine kinase intracellular domain adjacent to a transmembrane region. The amino-terminal portion of RTKs is extracellular and made of different domains, the combination of which characterizes each of the 20 RTK subfamilies among mammals. We analyzed a total of 7,376 RTK sequences among 143 vertebrate species to provide here the first comprehensive census of the jawed vertebrate repertoire. We ascertained the 58 genes previously described in the human and mouse genomes and established their phylogenetic relationships. We also identified five additional RTKs amounting to a total of 63 genes in jawed vertebrates. We found that the vertebrate RTK gene family has been shaped by the two successive rounds of whole genome duplications (WGD) called 1R and 2R (1R/2R) that occurred at the base of the vertebrates. In addition, the Vegfr and Ephrin receptor subfamilies were expanded by single gene duplications. In teleost fish, 23 additional RTK genes have been retained after another expansion through the fish-specific third round (3R) of WGD. Several lineage-specific gene losses were observed. For instance, birds have lost three RTKs, and different genes are missing in several fish sublineages. The RTK gene family presents an unusual high gene retention rate from the vertebrate WGDs (58.75% after 1R/2R, 64.4% after 3R), resulting in an expansion that might be correlated with the evolution of complexity of vertebrate cellular communication and intracellular signaling.
A Fully Integrated, 290 pJ/bit UWB Dual-Mode Transceiver for cm-Range Wireless Interconnects

We present an ultra-wideband transceiver designed for ultra-low-power communication at sub-10 cm range. The transceiver operates at a 5.6 GHz carrier frequency, chosen to minimize path loss when using a 1 cm2 antenna, and can switch its architecture between self-synchronous rectification and low-IF to adapt its power consumption to the channel characteristic in real time. A low-power digital circuit exploits redundancy in the modulation scheme to provide a real-time BER estimate used to close the mode-switching loop. Implemented in 65 nm CMOS, the transceiver consumes 25 μW when transmitting and 245 μW when receiving in low-power mode, plus 45 μW in the clock generator, and only requires an external antenna. Dual-mode operation allows range extension and mitigates interference.
Management Consultant Talk: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Normalizing Discourse and Resistance

In this article, we explore the discursive possibilities available to men and women when they construct their professional self as ‘knowledge workers’ in multinational management consultancies. We argue that this professional identity construction is embedded in a normalizing, gendered discourse of what it means to be an ‘ideal’ consultant. However, representations of an alternative discourse, which constructs different spheres in an individual’s life, can also be traced in the consultants’ talk. Through a comparison of British and Finnish consultants’ talk, we show the relevance of placing micro-discourses in context. In the UK, discourse on ‘work/life balance’ may be understood as a form of resistance at the level of subjectivity. In Finland, discourse on the ‘balanced individual’ can be seen to be an articulation of a societally bound normalizing discourse. The cultural context can thus be said to have an effect on forms of resistance in knowledge work.
On the colour of wing scales in butterflies: iridescence and preferred orientation of single gyroid photonic crystals

Lycaenid butterflies from the genera Callophrys, Cyanophrys and Thecla have evolved remarkable biophotonic gyroid nanostructures within their wing scales that have only recently been replicated by nanoscale additive manufacturing. These nanostructures selectively reflect parts of the visible spectrum to give their characteristic non-iridescent, matte-green appearance, despite a distinct blue–green–yellow iridescence predicted for individual crystals from theory. It has been hypothesized that the organism must achieve its uniform appearance by growing crystals with some restrictions on the possible distribution of orientations, yet preferential orientation observed in Callophrys rubi confirms that this distribution need not be uniform. By analysing scanning electron microscope and optical images of 912 crystals in three wing scales, we find no preference for their rotational alignment in the plane of the scales. However, crystal orientation normal to the scale was highly correlated to their colour at low (conical) angles of view and illumination. This correlation enabled the use of optical images, each containing up to 104–105 crystals, for concluding the preferential alignment seen along the at the level of single scales, appears ubiquitous. By contrast, orientations were found to occur at no greater rate than that expected by chance. Above a critical cone angle, all crystals reflected bright green light indicating the dominant light scattering is due to the predicted band gap along the direction, independent of the domain orientation. Together with the natural variation in scale and wing shapes, we can readily understand the detailed mechanism of uniform colour production and iridescence suppression in these butterflies. It appears that the combination of preferential alignment normal to the wing scale, and uniform distribution within the plane is a near optimal solution for homogenizing the angular distribution of the band gap relative to the wings. Finally, the distributions of orientations, shapes, sizes and degree of order of crystals within single scales provide useful insights for understanding the mechanisms at play in the formation of these biophotonic nanostructures.
Formal Modeling and Analysis of Power-Aware Real-Time Systems

The paper describes a unified formal framework for designing and reasoning about power-constrained, timed systems. The framework is based on process algebra, a formalism which has been developed to describe and analyze communicating, concurrent systems. The proposed extension allows the modeling of probalistic resource failures, priorities of resource usages, and power consumption by resources within the same formalism. Thus, it is possible to study several alternative power-consumption behaviors and tradeoffs in their timing and other characteristics. This paper describes the modeling and analysis techniques, and illustrates them with examples, including a dynamic voltage-scaling algorithm. Comments University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science Technical Report No. MSCIS-02-12. An earlier, conference version of this technical report may be found at http://repository.upenn. edu/cis_papers/141/. This technical report is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cis_reports/38
Canakinumab for gout: a specific, patient-profiled indication

The role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in inflammation induced by crystals, and especially by monosodium urate crystals (MSUCs), has raised much interest in both basic and clinical investigation. Several drugs have been developed, and more are still in development, to block IL-1 driven inflammation, though to date only canakinumab (blocking IL-1β) has been labelled, yet limited to the European Union, with a restricted indication to treat episodes of acute inflammation (EAIs) in patients with gout in whom other therapeutic choices are unacceptable. Other medications developed for IL-1 blocking, such as anakinra and rilonacept, have been tested in gout patients in clinical trials, but lack label approval and may be further restricted to orphan indication in gout. Notwithstanding, the use of IL-1 blockade to prevent EAIs in gout looks promising, but no drug has yet obtained approval for such an indication.
Gender and age correlates of adults' heart rate reactivity to a brief psychological stressor: Implications for Australian research and practice

Abstract Heart rate reactivity to a 2-min mental arithmetic stressor was investigated with a sample of 224 subjects drawn from both sexes and ranging in age from 17 to 63. Effects of gender and age were examined, with data indicating some significant gender and age interactions. Additionally, discrepancies between USA and European data compared to those gathered here suggest that local norms need to be developed for reliable comparison of Australian individuals' heart rate reactivity. Implications for classification of clients and subjects by reference to these data are discussed.
KONSELING FARMASIS MERUBAH PERILAKU PASIEN HIPERTENSI RAWAT JALAN DI POLIKLINIK PENYAKIT DALAM RUMAH SAKIT PKU MUHAMMADIYAH BANTUL, INDONESIA

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor resiko utama penyakit jantung koroner, gagal ginjal, dan stroke. Prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia pada tahun 2007 mencapai angka 32,2%. Perilaku adalah merupakan faktor kunci yang menghalangi pengontrolan tekanan darah sehingga membutuhkan intervensi untuk mencapai keberhasilan terapi.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh konseling farmasis secara oral terhadap perubahan perilaku pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul.Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuasi eksperimental dengan pengambilan data secara prospektif pasien rawat jalan selama periode Januari-April 2013. Kuesioner pengukuran tingkat perilaku yang terdiri dari 9 pertanyaan dan sudah divalidasi digunakan untuk mengambil data awal pasien sebelum diberi konseling dan data akhir pasien setelah diberikan konseling.Penelitian ini melibatkan 60 pasien yang dibagi rata menjadi 30 pasien kelompok kontrol dan 30 pasien kelompok perlakuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan konseling yang diberikan farmasis meningkatkan skor domain kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotorik kelompok perlakuan secara signifikan (p<0,05). Rata-rata peningkatan skor domain kognitif antara kelompok kontrol 0,33± 0,61dan kelompok perlakuan 0,60 ± 0,96 tidak berbeda signifikan (p=0,39). Rata-rata peningkatan skor domain afektif dan psikomotorik pasien hipertensi kelompok kontrol berturut-turut 0,03 ± 0,61, 0,20 ± 0,41 dan kelompok perlakuan berturut-turut 0,67 ± 0,55, 0,83 ± 0,83 berbeda signifikan (p=0,00). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa intervensi konseling yang diberikan farmasis dapat merubah perilaku pasien hipertensi ke arah positif yang menunjang untuk tercapainya keberhasilan terapi psikomotorik Kata kunci: Hipertensi, konseling farmasis, perilaku, kognitif, afektif,
Quantitative investigations of the adhesiveness of circulating polymorphonuclear leucocytes to blood vessel walls

1. A new simple method is described for quantitating the adhesiveness of circulating polymorphonuclear leucocytes, or granulocytes, to the walls of blood vessels. The cheek pouch of anaesthetized hamsters or a small part of the mesentery of anaesthetized mice were prepared for continuous microscopic observation of selected venules. Those granulocytes which moved sufficiently slowly to be individually visible were counted for 1 or 2 min periods as they rolled past a selected point on one side of a vessel. The velocity distribution of these cells was determined by analysing films. Films were used also to measure mean blood flow velocity in the venules by observing embolizing platelet thrombi induced by the iontophoretic application of adenosine diphosphate. Emigration of granulocytes into the tissues was quantitated by enumerating them in standard areas of stained histological sections.