Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Even Better Framework for min-wise Based Algorithms

In a recent paper from SODA11 \cite{kminwise} the authors introduced a general framework for exponential time improvement of \minwise based algorithms by defining and constructing almost \kmin independent family of hash functions. Here we take it a step forward and reduce the space and the independent needed for representing the functions, by defining and constructing a \dkmin independent family of hash functions. Surprisingly, for most cases only 8-wise independent is needed for exponential time and space improvement. Moreover, we bypass the $O(\log{\frac{1}{\epsilon}})$ independent lower bound for approximately \minwise functions \cite{patrascu10kwise-lb}, as we use alternative definition. In addition, as the independent's degree is a small constant it can be implemented efficiently. Informally, under this definition, all subsets of size $d$ of any fixed set $X$ have an equal probability to have hash values among the minimal $k$ values in $X$, where the probability is over the random choice of hash function from the family. This property measures the randomness of the family, as choosing a truly random function, obviously, satisfies the definition for $d=k=|X|$. We define and give an efficient time and space construction of approximately \dkmin independent family of hash functions. The degree of independent required is optimal, i.e. only $O(d)$ for $2 \le d < k=O(\frac{d}{\epsilon^2})$, where $\epsilon \in (0,1)$ is the desired error bound. This construction can be used to improve many \minwise based algorithms, such as \cite{sizeEstimationFramework,Datar02estimatingrarity,NearDuplicate,SimilaritySearch,DBLP:conf/podc/CohenK07}, as will be discussed here. To our knowledge such definitions, for hash functions, were never studied and no construction was given before.
Timely Virtual Machine Migration for Pro-active Fault Tolerance

Next generation processor and memory technologies will provide tremendously increasing computing and memory capacities for application scaling. However, this comes at a price: Due to the growing number of transistors and shrinking structural sizes, overall system reliability of future server systems is about to suffer significantly. This makes reactive fault tolerance schemes less appropriate for server applications under reliability and timeliness constraints. We propose an architectural blueprint for managing server system dependability in a pro-active fashion, in order to keep service-level promises for response times and availability even with increasing hardware failure rates. We introduce the concept of anticipatory virtual machine migration that proactively moves computation away from faulty or suspicious machines. The migration decision is based on health indicators at various system levels that are combined into a global probabilistic reliability measure. Based on this measure, live migration techniques can be triggered in order to move computation to healthy machines even before a failure brings the system down.
Improving haar cascade classifiers through the synthesis of new training examples

A Genetic Programming approach for the improvement of the performance of classifier systems through the synthesis of new training instances is explored. Genetic Programming is used to exploit shortcomings of classifiers systems and generate misclassified instances. The proposed approach performs multiple parallel evolutionary runs to generate a large number of potentially misclassified samples. A supervisor module determines which of the generated images have been misclassified and which should be added to the training set. New classifiers are trained based on the original training set augmented by the selected evolved instances. The results attained while using face detection classifiers are presented and discussed. Overall they indicate that significant improvements are attained when using multiple evolutionary runs.
Ferroelectric Characterization of La∶BiFeO3/Bi0.5(Na0.85K0.15)0.5TiO3 Nano-composite Films

La0.1Bi0. 9FeO3 (BFO), Bi0.5(Na0.85K0.15)0.5TiO3(BNKT) and BFO/BNKT nano-composite films were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate. The ferroelectric properties were enhanced in BFO/BNKT compared to single layer film of BFO and BNKT. The ferroelectric domain structures were observed using piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). The polarization reversal was timedependent because the inhomogeneous domains with different coercivity. Evidence can also be seen in the fatigue results which showed unusual profile. The polarization increased as the increase of switching cycles because some of domains are difficult to switch using the applied field. Nano-scale piezoresponse hysteresis loops measured by PFM also revealed the local domain switching behavior in the BFO/BNKT film. Disciplines Engineering | Physical Sciences and Mathematics Publication Details Cai, K. , Zhao, H. , Ma, Z. , Kimura, H. , Jia, T. & Cheng, Z. (2016). Ferroelectric Characterization of La∶BiFeO3/Bi0.5(Na0.85K0.15)0.5TiO3 Nano-composite Films. Rengong Jingti Xuebao/Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 45 (3), 645-648+673. Authors Kang Cai, Hongyang Zhao, Zhibin Ma, Hideo Kimura, Tingting Jia, and Zhenxiang Cheng This journal article is available at Research Online: http://ro.uow. edu.au/aiimpapers/2413 第 45 卷 第 3 期 人 工 晶 体 学 报 Vol. 45 No. 3 2016 年 3 月 JOURNAL OF SYNTHETIC CRYSTALS March,2016 Ferroelectric Characterization of La∶ BiFeO3 / Bi0. 5 ( Na0. 85 K0. 15 ) 0. 5 TiO3 Nano-composite Films CAI Kang,ZHAO Hong-yang,MA Zhi-bin,KIMURA Hideo,JIA Ting-ting,CHENG Zhen-xiang ( 1. Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemical and Advanced Material of Hubei Province,School of Material Science and Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China; 2. National Institute for Materials Science ( NIMS) ,Tsukuba 305-0047,Japan; 3. Institute of Superconducting and Electronics Materials,University of Wollongong,Fairy Meadow NSW 2519,Australia) ( Received 15 October 2015,accepted 30 November 2015) Abstract: La0. 1Bi0. 9FeO3 ( BFO) ,Bi0. 5 ( Na0. 85K0. 15 ) 0. 5TiO3 ( BNKT) and BFO/BNKT nano-composite films were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition ( PLD) method on Pt /Ti /SiO2 /Si substrate. The ferroelectric properties were enhanced in BFO/BNKT compared to single layer film of BFO and BNKT. The ferroelectric domain structures were observed using piezoresponse force microscopy ( PFM) . The polarization reversal was time-dependent because the inhomogeneous domains with different coercivity. Evidence can also be seen in the fatigue results which showed unusual profile. The polarization increased as the increase of switching cycles because some of domains are difficult to switch using the applied field. Nano-scale piezoresponse hysteresis loops measured by PFM also revealed the local domain switching behavior in the BFO/BNKT film.
Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries Promoted by Nanotechnology: Progress and Prospects

Driven by an increasing demand on storage devices with higher energy outputs and better safety, solid-state lithium metal batteries have shown their potential to replace the traditional liquid-based Li-ion batteries and power the future storage market. In this Perspective, we will show our views on improving this emerging battery system by nanoscience. Discussions will be placed, from both scientific and engineering points of view, on the fundamentals and problems of the battery and its key components. The corresponding “nano” strategies will also be addressed, as well as recent progress in related fields including materials synthesis, battery design, and characterization techniques. With these efforts, we want to provide insights on rational design of the solid-state Li metal battery for optimized performance.
Factorized context modelling for Text-to-Speech synthesis

Because speech units are so context-dependent, a large number of linguistic context features are generally used by HMM-based Text-to-Speech (TTS) speech synthesis systems, via context-dependent models. Since it is impossible to train separate models for every context, decision trees are used to discover the most important combinations of features that should be modelled. The task of the decision tree is very hard - to generalize from a very small observed part of the context feature space to the rest - and they have a major weakness: they cannot directly take advantage of factorial properties: they subdivide the model space based on one feature at a time. We propose a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) based Mixed Memory Markov Model (MMMM) to provide factorization of the context space. The results of a listening test are provided as evidence that the model successfully learns the factorial nature of this space.
Potential role of antitachycardia pacing alerts for the reduction of emergency presentations following shocks in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: implications for the implementation of remote monitoring.

AIMS Despite increased use of remote monitoring (RM) to follow up implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) recipients, many patients still receive ICD shocks in the community and present to the emergency department. Our aim was to identify the best predictors of impending shock delivery that can be measured with an ICD and to identify the most appropriate activities to alert physicians to during RM follow-up. METHODS AND RESULTS All patients presenting to our institution for ICD shock, from November 2011 to November 2014, were enrolled in this prospective study. Patient characteristics, investigation results, and details of electrical activities from ICD interrogation were recorded at presentation. Presentations were classified as potentially avoidable if activities from a list of set criteria were apparent more than 48 h before index shock. Univariate and multivariate analyses were then used to identify predictors of potentially avoidable shocks. In total, 109 emergency presentations were recorded in 90 patients (male: 85%; 57 ± 16 years; ischaemic cardiomyopathy: 49%; LVEF: 34 ± 13%; electrical storm: 40%), of which 26 (24%) were potentially avoidable. Antitachycardia pacing (ATP) episodes were the most important predictor of impending shock. Potentially avoidable shocks were preceded by more episodes of ATP than unavoidable shocks (13 [3-67] vs. 3 [0-10]; P < 0.001). Patients followed up with RM systems configured to generate alerts following ATP delivery experienced significantly less ICD shocks (24 vs. 16%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Remote monitoring systems that generate alerts following ATP delivery could reduce emergency presentations for ICD shock by 24%, as ATP is a key predictor of impending shock delivery.
Identifying Influential Taggers in Trust-Aware Recommender Systems

Trust-ware recommender systems provide the features of personalized product and service recommendations in web based social networks by using the trust connections existing between users and preferences data available for each user. One of the main sources of user preferences data are the tags that users apply to different items. Encouraging users to apply more tags is one of the challenges faced by most social network sites. In this paper we purpose an approach to identify influential taggers in a trust based social network so that efforts to encourage tagging can be achieved by designing incentives for motivating the influential taggers to apply more tags. In our proposed approach, for every user his tagging influencer is that user in his personal network who has influenced his tagging behavior the most. We define an active user tagging actions has been influenced by a user in his personal network only when the active user tags an item after his influencer has tagged it. The influential taggers in the overall social network are those who have the influenced the maximum number of users in the network. We analyze the real life dataset of Last.fm to show that our approach is different from the current approach of defining those users who have tagged the maximum number of items as the influential users. We also discuss the implications of using our approach.
Frequency effect of 0.35-1.0 Hz horizontal translational oscillation on motion sickness and the somatogravic illusion.

BACKGROUND Low frequency translational oscillation can provoke motion sickness in land vehicles, ships and aircraft. HYPOTHESIS Nauseogenicity should decrease towards the higher frequencies. METHODS Some 12 subjects were exposed to horizontal sinusoidal motion (3.6 m.s-2 peak) at four different frequencies 0.35, 0.50, 0.70, and 1.00 Hz, at 1-week intervals, latin square order. Subjects were seated in the upright position; motion was through the head-body X-axis. Motion was stopped (motion endpoint) at moderate nausea or after 30 min. RESULTS The proportion of subjects experiencing moderate nausea decreased towards the higher frequency: 9/12 at 0.35 Hz, 3/12 at 0.50 Hz, 0/12 at 0.70 Hz, and 2/12 at 1.00 Hz. The mean time to motion endpoint increased significantly (p < 0.001) towards the higher frequency: 17.4 min 0.35 Hz; 26.0 min 0.50 Hz; 30 min 0.70 Hz; 28.3 min 1.00 Hz. Differences between frequencies were significant (0.001 < p < 0.05) except for 0.70 Hz to 1.00 Hz. At all frequencies tested, horizontal stimuli were more nauseogenic than predicted by mathematical models based on the frequency and intensity of vertical oscillation. Somatogravic illusion (SGI) was reported by 9/12 subjects (mean illusory tilt angles 15.6 degrees forward, 14.1 degrees back). SGI tended to diminish at the higher frequencies, but there was no relationship between SGI and motion sickness. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm previous findings (9), and furthermore indicate that horizontal X-axis translational oscillation has greatly reduced nauseogenic potential at frequencies greater than 0.5 Hz. A mathematical model is proposed to predict motion sickness intensity and incidence due to this stimulus, which may also be applicable to equivalent Y-axis motion.
Effect of Different Intensities of Exercise on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Humans: Role of Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide and Oxidative Stress

Background—Aerobic exercise enhances endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypertensive patients, patients with chronic heart failure, and healthy individuals. However, it is unclear how the intensity of exercise affects endothelial function in humans. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of different intensities of exercise on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans. Methods and Results—We evaluated the forearm blood flow responses to acetylcholine, an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, and isosorbide dinitrate, an endothelium-independent vasodilator, before and after different intensities of exercise (mild, 25% &OV0312;o2max; moderate, 50% &OV0312;o2max; and high, 75% &OV0312;o2max; bicycle ergometers, 30 minutes, 5 to 7 times per week for 12 weeks) in 26 healthy young men. Forearm blood flow was measured using a mercury-filled Silastic strain-gauge plethysmograph. Twelve weeks of moderate-intensity exercise, but not mild- or high-intensity exercise, significantly augmented acetylcholine-induced vasodilation (7.5±2.4 to 11.4±5.8 mL/min per 100 mL tissue; P <0.05). No intensity of aerobic exercise altered isosorbide dinitrate–induced vasodilation. The administration of NG-monomethyl-l-arginine, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, abolished the moderate-intensity exercise-induced augmentation of the forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine. High-intensity exercise increases plasma concentrations of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (from 6.7±1.1 to 9.2±2.3 ng/mL; P <0.05) and serum concentrations of malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (from 69.0±19.5 to 82.4±21.5 U/L; P <0.05), whereas moderate exercise tended to decrease both indices of oxidative stress. Conclusions—These findings suggest that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise augments endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans through the increased production of nitric oxide and that high-intensity exercise possibly increases oxidative stress.
A sub-millimeter resolution PET detector module using a multi-pixel photon counter array

A PET block detector module using an array of sub-millimeter lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) crystals read out by an array of surface-mount, semiconductor photosensors has been developed. The detector consists of a LSO array, a custom acrylic light guide, a 3 × 3 multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) array (S10362-11-050P, Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan) and a readout board with a charge division resistor network. The LSO array consists of 100 crystals, each measuring 0.8 × 0.8 × 3 mm3 and arranged in 0.86 mm pitches. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to aid the design and fabrication of a custom light guide to control distribution of scintillation light over the surface of the MPPC array. The output signals of the nine MPPC are multiplexed by a charge division resistor network to generate four position-encoded analog outputs. Flood image, energy resolution and timing resolution measurements were performed using standard NIM electronics. The linearity of the detector response was investigated using gamma-ray sources of different energies. The 10 × 10 array of 0.8 mm LSO crystals was clearly resolved in the flood image. The average energy resolution and standard deviation were 20.0% full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) and ±5.0%, respectively, at 511 keV. The timing resolution of a single MPPC coupled to a LSO crystal was found to be 857 ps FWHM, and the value for the central region of detector module was 1182 ps FWHM when ±10% energy window was applied. The nonlinear response of a single MPPC when used to read out a single LSO was observed among the corner crystals of the proposed detector module. However, the central region of the detector module exhibits significantly less nonlinearity (6.5% for 511 keV). These results demonstrate that (1) a charge-sharing resistor network can effectively multiplex MPPC signals and reduce the number of output signals without significantly degrading the performance of a PET detector and (2) a custom light guide to permit light sharing among multiple MPPC and to diffuse and direct scintillation light can reduce the nonlinearity of the detector response within the limited dynamic range of a typical MPPC. As a result, the proposed PET detector module has the potential to be refined for use in high-resolution PET insert applications.
A Multilevel Multipole Method for Modeling Elastic‐Wave Multiple Scattering in Fiber‐Reinforced Composites

A Multilevel Multipole method is presented for modeling elastic wave multiple scattering in fiber‐reinforced composites. Results are given for the case of an incident SH wave impinging on a bounded Ti/SiC composite region, the plane of propagation being orthogonal to the fibers’ axis. The scattering effects of a square and hexagonal arrangement for the fibers are compared.
Zooming in on Choice: How Do Consumers Search for Cameras Online?

We describe online consumers’ search behavior for differentiated durable goods using a data set that captures a detailed level of consumer search and attribute information for digital cameras. Consumers search extensively, engaging in 14 searches on average prior to purchase. Individual level search is confined to a small part of the attribute space. Early search is highly predictive of the characteristics of the camera eventually purchased. Search paths through the attribute space are state dependent and display “lock-in” as the search unfolds. Finally, the first-time discovery of the chosen alternative usually takes place toward the end of the search sequence. We discuss these and other findings in the context of optimal search strategies and discuss the prospects for consumer learning during search.Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1287/mksc.2016. 0977 .
Analysis of period-1 passive limit cycles for flexible walking of a biped with knees and point feet

SUMMARY In this paper, we investigate dynamic walking as a convergence to the system's own limit cycles, not to artificially generated trajectories, which is one of the lessons in the concept of passive dynamic walking. For flexible walking, gait transitions can be performed by moving from one limit cycle to another one, and thus, the flexibility depends on the range in which limit cycles exist. To design a bipedal walker based on this approach, we explore period-1 passive limit cycles formed by natural dynamics and analyze them. We use a biped model with knees and point feet to perform numerical simulations by changing the center of mass locations of the legs. As a result, we obtain mass distributions for the maximum flexibility, which can be attained from very limited location sets. We discuss the effect of parameter variations on passive dynamic walking and how to improve robot design by analyzing walking performance. Finally, we present a practical application to a real bipedal walker, designed to exhibit more flexible walking based on this study.
Usage Control Policy Enforcement in SDN-Based Clouds: A Dynamic Availability Service Use Case

With the growing interest in Software Defined Networking (SDN) and thanks to the programmability provided by SDN protocols like OpenFlow, network application developers have started implementing solutions to fit corporate needs, like firewalls, load balancers and security services. In this paper, we present a novel solution to answer those needs with usage control policies. We design a policy based management framework offering SDN network security policies. This approach is used to enforce performance requirements (e.g., to ensure a certain level of network connectivity). A top-down approach is proposed, in order to refine the policies into the appropriate network rules, via the OpenFlow protocol. Finally, we implement the solution with an availability service use case and we provide a set of experiments to evaluate its efficiency.