Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The rehabilitation of limb apraxia: a study in left-brain-damaged patients.

OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of a rehabilitative training program for patients with limb apraxia. DESIGN Randomized, controlled trial. SETTING Neurologic rehabilitation unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS Thirteen patients with acquired brain injury and limb apraxia (lasting more than 2 months) as a result of lesions involving the left cerebral hemisphere. Patients were assigned to a study group or to a control group following a randomization scheme. The study group underwent an experimental training for limb apraxia. The control group received conventional treatment for aphasia. INTERVENTION A behavioral training program consisting of gesture-production exercises. The rehabilitative program was made up of 3 sections dedicated to the treatment of gestures with or without symbolic value and related or nonrelated to the use of objects. Thirty-five experimental sessions, each lasting 50 minutes, were given. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Neuropsychologic tests for assessment of aphasia, verbal comprehension, "general intelligence," oral apraxia, constructional apraxia, and 3 tests concerning limb praxic function (ideational apraxia, ideomotor apraxia, gesture recognition). Scores related to each test were used to measure the outcome. Video recordings of ideational and ideomotor apraxia tests allowed us to register type and number of praxic errors. All outcome measures, except the aphasia test, were recorded before and after the experimental (or control) treatment time interval. RESULTS The patients in the study group achieved a significant improvement of performance in both ideational (p = .039) and ideomotor (p = .043) apraxia tests. They also showed a significant reduction of errors in ideational (p = .001) and ideomotor (p < .001) apraxia tests. A trend toward improvement was found in the gesture comprehension test (p = .058), while other outcome measures did not show any significant amelioration. Control patients did not show any significant change in performance. CONCLUSIONS The results show the possible effectiveness of a specific training program for the treatment of limb apraxia.
Src Homology 2-Domain Containing Leukocyte-Specific Phosphoprotein of 76 kDa Is Mandatory for TCR-Mediated Inside-Out Signaling, but Dispensable for CXCR4-Mediated LFA-1 Activation, Adhesion, and Migration of T Cells1

Engagement of the TCR or of chemokine receptors such as CXCR4 induces adhesion and migration of T cells via so-called inside-out signaling pathways. The molecular processes underlying inside-out signaling events are as yet not completely understood. In this study, we show that TCR- and CXCR4-mediated activation of integrins critically depends on the membrane recruitment of the adhesion- and degranulation-promoting adapter protein (ADAP)/Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein of 55 kDa (SKAP55)/Rap1-interacting adapter protein (RIAM)/Rap1 module. We further demonstrate that the Src homology 2 domain containing leukocyte-specific phosphoprotein of 76 kDa (SLP76) is crucial for TCR-mediated inside-out signaling and T cell/APC interaction. Besides facilitating membrane recruitment of ADAP, SKAP55, and RIAM, SLP76 regulates TCR-mediated inside-out signaling by controlling the activation of Rap1 as well as Rac-mediated actin polymerization. Surprisingly, however, SLP76 is not mandatory for CXCR4-mediated inside-out signaling. Indeed, both CXCR4-induced T cell adhesion and migration are not affected by loss of SLP76. Moreover, after CXCR4 stimulation, the ADAP/SKAP55/RIAM/Rap1 module is recruited to the plasma membrane independently of SLP76. Collectively, our data indicate a differential requirement for SLP76 in TCR- vs CXCR4-mediated inside-out signaling pathways regulating T cell adhesion and migration.
Engineering Education : A Roadmap

Software’s increasingly critical role in systems of widespread significance presents new challenges for the education of software engineers. Not only is our dependence on software increasing, but the character of software production is itself changing – and with it the demands on the software developers. Four challenges for educators of software developers help identify aspirations for software engineering education.
Ophthalmic lens element

The invention discloses an ophthalmic lens element. The lens element includes a front surface and a rear surface, at least one which includes a horizontal meridian and a vertical meridian. A central region of the lens element includes a foveal vision zone providing a first power for providing clear foveal vision for a wearer. A peripheral region of positive power relative to the first power is also included. The peripheral region includes dual progressive zones located bilaterally of the vertical meridian and extending radially outwardly from the central region. The lens element provides a distribution of surface astigmatism which provides, on the horizontal meridian, a relatively low surface astigmatism in the central region and the progressive zones.
The Dirichlet Boundary Conditions and Related Natural Boundary Conditions in Strengthened Sobolev Spaces for Discretized Parabolic Problems

Correctness of initial boundary value problems and their discretizations are analyzed under unusual second-order boundary conditions, which can be considered as natural boundary conditions in strengthened Sobolev spaces and as improvements (in some cases) of the classical Dirichlet boundary conditions. Special attention is paid to optimal perturbation estimates for new variants of the penalty method with respect to the Dirichlet conditions.
CAUC's Aerial Robot for IARC 2013

To complete the 6th mission of the International Aerial Robotics Competition, a quadrotor aircraft consisting of flight control system and navigation system is designed. The flight control system is composed of a main chip and some sensors, and the traditional PID algorithm is used to control the attitude. The navigation system is composed of a small computer and some sensors, and a navigation method based on finite-state rough set theory is proposed. The whole mission is separated using the finite-state machine model to get the state transition diagram, then rough set theory is used to reduce the properties, and a minimal rule set is achieved. Finally, a program based on the minimal rule set is executed. The vehicle is intended to be Civil Aviation University of China’s entry for the 2013 International Aerial Robotics Competition.
Automatic disfluency identification in conversational speech using multiple knowledge sources

Disfluencies occur frequently in spontaneous speech. Detection and correction of disfluencies can make automatic speech recognition transcripts more readable for human readers, and can aid downstream processing by machine. This work investigates a number of knowledge sources for disfluency detection, including acoustic-prosodic features, a language model (LM) to account for repetition patterns, a part-of-speech (POS) based LM, and rule-based knowledge. Different components are designed for different purposes in the system. Results show that detection of disfluency interruption points is best achieved by a combination of prosodic cues, word-based cues, and POS-based cues. The onset of a disfluency to be removed, in contrast, is best found using knowledge-based rules. Finally, specific disfluency types can be aided by the modeling of word patterns.
Phenomenology of a littlest Higgs model with T parity: Including effects of T-odd fermions

We study the collider phenomenology of a littlest Higgs model with T parity. We first stress the important role of the T-odd SU(2)-doublet fermions (introduced to make the model T-parity invariant) in high energy scattering processes, such as qq? WH+WH- where WH± are the T-odd partners of W bosons. Because the mass of the T-odd SU(2)-doublet fermions cannot be too heavy to be consistent with low energy data, they can be copiously produced at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Therefore, we study the collider phenomenology of the model with emphasis on the contributions of the T-odd fermion to the production of the heavy T-parity partners (either bosons or fermions) of the usual particles at the LHC. The production cross sections and the decay branching ratios of the new heavy particles are classified and various experimental signatures are discussed.
Applications of Hybrid Monte Carlo to Bayesian Generalized Linear Models: Quasicomplete Separation and Neural Networks

Abstract The “leapfrog” hybrid Monte Carlo algorithm is a simple and effective MCMC method for fitting Bayesian generalized linear models with canonical link. The algorithm leads to large trajectories over the posterior and a rapidly mixing Markov chain, having superior performance over conventional methods in difficult problems like logistic regression with quasicomplete separation. This method offers a very attractive solution to this common problem, providing a method for identifying datasets that are quasicomplete separated, and for identifying the covariates that are at the root of the problem. The method is also quite successful in fitting generalized linear models in which the link function is extended to include a feedforward neural network. With a large number of hidden units, however, or when the dataset becomes large, the computations required in calculating the gradient in each trajectory can become very demanding. In this case, it is best to mix the algorithm with multivariate random walk Met.
Preferences for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Information among Mexican, Cuban and Puerto Rican Women at Risk

Background: Little is known about the preferences of at-risk Hispanic women to gain information on hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Aims: This study sought to qualitatively explore preferences for HBOC information among at-risk Mexican, Puerto Rican and Cuban women and to pilot a mock brochure aimed at Hispanic women. Methods: Hispanic women aged 18–65 years with a personal or family history of breast or ovarian cancer participated in a semistructured interview. Data were analyzed using a combination of open-coding and content analysis. Results: Fifty-three women participated in the study. For the majority of content areas, there were no major differences between the subethnicities. All women reported discussing cancer with a doctor after a family member had been diagnosed and discussing cancer within their families; however, the content of the discussion varied. Cuban and Puerto Rican women reported using the Internet routinely for health care information while Mexican women said they did not have access to computers and did not use them. All women liked the content and photos in the brochure but Mexican women thought the reading level was too high. Preferences for the spokesperson focused on the need for Spanish-speaking health care providers. Conclusions: While the data show some similarities, such as patterns of cancer discussion and appreciation of the mock brochure, there were differences between the groups on information preferences. In designing HBOC education information for Hispanic audiences, it is important to consider varied channels for dissemination and preferences for specific types of information across subethnicities.
Quantum error correction via codes over GF(4)

The unreasonable effectiveness of quantum computing is founded on coherent quantum superposition or entanglement which allows a large number of calculations to be performed simultaneously. This coherence is lost as a quantum system interacts with its environment. In the present paper the problem of finding quantum-error-correcting codes is transformed into one of finding additive codes over the field GF(4) which are self-orthogonal with respect to a certain trace inner product. Many new codes and new bounds are presented, as well as a table of upper and lower bounds on such codes of length up to 30 qubits.
Stability conditions on triangulated categories

This paper introduces the notion of a stability condition on a triangulated category. The motivation comes from the study of Dirichlet branes in string theory, and especially from M.R. Douglas's notion of $\Pi$-stability. From a mathematical point of view, the most interesting feature of the definition is that the set of stability conditions $\Stab(\T)$ on a fixed category $\T$ has a natural topology, thus defining a new invariant of triangulated categories. After setting up the necessary definitions I prove a deformation result which shows that the space $\Stab(\T)$ with its natural topology is a manifold, possibly infinite-dimensional.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones and Oxidoreductases: Critical Regulators of Tumor Cell Survival and Immunorecognition

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones and oxidoreductases are abundant enzymes that mediate the production of fully folded secretory and transmembrane proteins. Resisting the Golgi and plasma membrane-directed “bulk flow,” ER chaperones and oxidoreductases enter retrograde trafficking whenever they are pulled outside of the ER by their substrates. Solid tumors are characterized by the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), combined with reduced blood flow that leads to low oxygen supply and ER stress. Under these conditions, hypoxia and the unfolded protein response upregulate their target genes. When this occurs, ER oxidoreductases and chaperones become important regulators of tumor growth. However, under these conditions, these proteins not only promote the folding of proteins, but also alter the properties of the plasma membrane and hence modulate tumor immune recognition. For instance, high levels of calreticulin serve as an “eat-me” signal on the surface of tumor cells. Conversely, both intracellular and surface BiP/GRP78 promotes tumor growth. Other ER folding assistants able to modulate the properties of tumor tissue include protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), Ero1α and GRP94. Understanding the roles and mechanisms of ER chaperones in regulating tumor cell functions and immunorecognition will lead to important insight for the development of novel cancer therapies.
Communicative Perspective-Taking Performance of Adults With ADHD Symptoms

Objective: The ability to take the perspective of one’s conversational partner is essential for successful communication. Given the significant cognitive and attention resources required to use another’s perspective, the authors assessed whether adults who report symptoms of ADHD would have difficulty using their conversational partner’s visual perspective to guide their interpretations. Method: Adults with high (clinical range) or low (nonclinical range) self-reported ADHD symptoms participated in a communication task that required perspective-taking. Results: Eye movement measures revealed that individuals with high ADHD symptoms fixated on objects obscured from their partners’ view more often than did those participants with low ADHD symptoms, and the degree to which this “egocentric” object was considered correlated with the degree of inattention symptoms. However, overt behavior (object choice) was not impacted by ADHD symptomatology. Conclusion: Individuals with high levels of ADHD symptoms, especially inattention, are less efficient in their ability to use another’s perspective during conversation.
Ontology-Based Data Access with Closed Predicates is Inherently Intractable(Sometimes)

When answering queries in the presence of ontologies, adopting the closed world assumption for some predicates easily results in intractability. We analyze this situation on the level of individual ontologies formulated in the description logics DL-Lite and EL and show that in all cases where answering conjunctive queries (CQs) with (open and) closed predicates is tractable, it coincides with answering CQs with all predicates assumed open. In this sense, CQ answering with closed predicates is inherently intractable. Our analysis also yields a dichotomy between AC0 and CONP for CQ answering w.r. t. ontologies formulated in DL-Lite and a dichotomy between PTIME and CONP for EL. Interestingly, the situation is less dramatic in the more expressive description logic ELI, where we find ontologies for which CQ answering is in PTIME, but does not coincide with CQ answering where all predicates are open.
Genetic variation in the vasopressin receptor 1a gene (AVPR1A) associates with pair-bonding behavior in humans

Pair-bonding has been suggested to be a critical factor in the evolutionary development of the social brain. The brain neuropeptide arginine vasopressin (AVP) exerts an important influence on pair-bonding behavior in voles. There is a strong association between a polymorphic repeat sequence in the 5′ flanking region of the gene (avpr1a) encoding one of the AVP receptor subtypes (V1aR), and proneness for monogamous behavior in males of this species. It is not yet known whether similar mechanisms are important also for human pair-bonding. Here, we report an association between one of the human AVPR1A repeat polymorphisms (RS3) and traits reflecting pair-bonding behavior in men, including partner bonding, perceived marital problems, and marital status, and show that the RS3 genotype of the males also affects marital quality as perceived by their spouses. These results suggest an association between a single gene and pair-bonding behavior in humans, and indicate that the well characterized influence of AVP on pair-bonding in voles may be of relevance also for humans.
The Structure of Multiplicative Motions in Natural Imagery

A theoretical investigation of the frequency structure of multiplicative image motion signals is presented, e.g., as associated with translucency phenomena. Previous work has claimed that the multiplicative composition of visual signals generally results in the annihilation of oriented structure in the spectral domain. As a result, research has focused on multiplicative signals in highly specialized scenarios where highly structured spectral signatures are prevalent, or introduced a nonlinearity to transform the multiplicative image signal to an additive one. In contrast, in this paper, it is shown that oriented structure is present in multiplicative cases when natural domain constraints are taken into account. This analysis suggests that the various instances of naturally occurring multiple motion structures can be treated in a unified manner. As an example application of the developed theory, a multiple motion estimator previously proposed for translation, additive transparency, and occlusion is adapted to multiplicative image motions. This estimator is shown to yield superior performance over the alternative practice of introducing a nonlinear preprocessing step.
Interpretation of losses observed on the Internet by inferring traffic characteristics

This paper applies a new methodology for analyzing and interpreting IP metrics collected by active measurement to loss traces aggregated on the Internet. This new approach is based on inferring traffic characteristics that lead to the observed loss trace based on an associated a priori constructive model. The constructive model used in this paper is an MMPP/M/1/N single server bottleneck. The originality of this solution is that we start with observed performance (or QoS) measures and derive inputs that have lead to these observations and by this way make the interpretation of the measurement feasible. This process is illustrated in the context of the modeling of the loss observed in an Internet path. It provides a powerful solution to address the complex problem of interpreting IP active measurement and network modeling.
Steady States in Metabolism

Chemical Reactions networks are widely studied in a variety of fields, including Systems Biology, Medicine, and Chemical Engineering. Analyzing chemical reaction networks is a widely studied problem going back to Guldberg and Waage in the 19th century. Despite being well-studied, many chemical reaction networks still aren’t very well understood, partly due to the complexity of naturally occuring reactions that are of interest to researchers. In this respect, creating accurate mathematical models that take physical, chemical, and environmental constraints into account and at the same time amenable for analysis is important. Keeping this in mind, we undertook a detailed study of metabolism, a key chemical reaction network in the human body.
Iron Translocation II. Citrate/Iron Ratios in Plant Stem Exudates.

Stem exudates of sunflower, soybean, cucumber, and tomato were analyzed for citrate and iron content. Generally, the lowest iron treatments given at decapitation were associated with lowest citrate levels in the exudate and intermediate treatments with the highest citrate levels. Citrate reached 6.2 x 10(-4)m in sunflower exudate. 7.3 x 10(-4)m in soybean, 9.4 x 10(-4)m in cucumber, and 1.8 x 10(-4)m in tomato. Some of these values represent a doubling or tripling of citrate when compared to the lowest ones obtained. High Fe depressed the citrate content of exudate in some cases.As iron was raised in the nutrient, the increases of iron in the exudate were proportionately greater than those of citrate. The highest Fe treatments led to exaggerated uptake of iron by sunflower. In some cases iron was translocated in molar excess of citrate. A time-response experiment with tomato showed a rapid flooding of iron into the roots but a relatively slow release of iron into xylem exudate.Similar electrophoretic patterns of iron were obtained despite changes in citrate and iron with time. Exudates from sunflower, cucumber, and tomato gave iron concentrations in the position of iron-citrate.
A study of the receptivity to telecare technology in a community-based elderly minority population

We examined the readiness of an elderly minority population to use various technologies for telecare. Eighty-five people with an average age of 73 years living in affordable housing completed a self-administered survey (a response rate of 43%). The technology that would be most likely to be used was environmental sensors in the home. The top five situations in which respondents would be receptive to new technology were all related to improving communications with a doctor or a nurse, especially when a medical emergency occurred. These included devices to send information to a doctor, to call for medical help, to signal to a nurse that 'I am OK' and to detect falls. This highlights the importance of including numerous opportunities for the individual to communicate better with their medical providers. The one situation that gave respondents the most concern was the 'use of a camera to check on me when I am unwell'. The study provides some evidence that elderly minorities residing in affordable housing were receptive to the introduction of new telecare technologies.