Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Aeromonas Strains Isolated from Clinical and Environmental Sources to 26 Antimicrobial Agents

ABSTRACT We determined the susceptibilities of 144 clinical and 49 environmental Aeromonas strains representing 10 different species to 26 antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. No single species had a predominantly nonsusceptible phenotype. A multidrug nonsusceptible pattern was observed in three (2.1%) clinical strains and two (4.0%) strains recovered from diseased fish. Common clinical strains were more resistant than the corresponding environmental isolates, suggesting that resistance mechanisms may be acquired by environmental strains from clinical strains.
Association between Hostility and Plasma Total Homocysteine Concentrations in a General Population Sample

Objective: The present study focuses on testing the association of hostility with plasma homocysteine levels in a general population sample. Method: Four hundred and ten healthy adults (200 men and 210 women), participating in a health survey in Greece, had blood samples taken for homocysteine concentrations and also completed a multidimensional hostility questionnaire, assessing direction of hostility (‘extra- and intropunitive’) as well as total hostility and its ingredients, i.e. urge to act out hostility, criticism of others, delusional hostility, self-criticism and delusional guilt. Multivariate relationship was tested between hostility components and homocysteine, after statistically controlling for potential confounders such as age, gender, educational status, smoking and body mass index. Results: Total hostility, delusional guilt as well as extrapunitive direction of hostility were positively related to homocysteine levels. Self-criticism was negatively related to homocysteine. Conclusion: The study provides further evidence that particular dimensions of hostility are associated with increased plasma homocysteine levels, thus deserving a place within the spectrum of the coronary heart disease risk factors.
Zero-Voltage Switching PWM Three-Level Full-Bridge DC–DC Converter With Wide ZVS Load Range

This paper proposes a new zero-voltage switching (ZVS) pulse width modulation (PWM) three-level (TL) full-bridge (FB) dc-dc converter, which is composed of a TL FB converter and a TL half-bridge (HB) converter. It is well suited for high input voltage and high-power applications. The proposed topology has the following attractive features: off-state voltage on all switches in the circuit is only half of the input voltage; full input voltage is utilized on the load for the whole operating range; TL output waveform is achieved, which significantly reduces the requirements for the input and output filters; simple switching scheme can be used to control the output voltage in wide range. The converter can achieve ZVS for all power switches in wide load range and even at light load condition; furthermore, less conduction loss is added to achieve soft switching. The operation and important analysis of the proposed converter are given. Experiments are carried out to validate the proposed converter, and efficiency curves are tested and given.
Knowledge Sharing Culture in Malaysian Public Institution of Higher Education : An Overview

Knowledge sharing culture plays very important role in the successful implementation of Knowledge Management in any organization. A study has been conducted to explore the current status of Knowledge Sharing Culture among the Community of Practice in Malaysian Public Institution of Higher Education. Based on the questionnaire distributed to all 17 IT Managers in Malaysian PIHE, we found that the existence of Knowledge Sharing Culture in Malaysian PIHE still very low. Besides, this study came out with a proposal on how to motivate the Knowledge Sharing Culture in Malaysian PIHE.
Pigmentation in the nucleus substantiae nigrae of mammals.

The presence of black or brown intracytoplasmic granules, usually considered to be melanin, in the cells of certain nuclei of the human brain stem has long been recognized. This pigment is concentrated chiefly in the nucleus substantiae nigrae of the midbrain and the nucleus locus coeruleus of the pons. Although many earlier writers assumed that pigment granules are present only in man, such pigmentation is present in other mammals; in the gorilla (Adler, 1942), the chimpanzee, orang utan, gibbon, certain Old World monkeys and lemurs (Scherer, 1939), in the cat and dog (Brown, 1943) and in the horse (Gillilan, 1943). There have been no reports of pigmentation in the nucleus substantiae nigrae of other mammals. Therefore, it was decided to examine the brains of as wide a series of mammals as possible, in order to determine which of these animals contain pigment granules in the nucleus substantiae nigrae, in the hope that the distribution of pigmentation within the Mammalia might give some indication of its function in the brain.
General transcription factor specified global gene regulation in archaea

Cells responding to dramatic environmental changes or undergoing a developmental switch typically change the expression of numerous genes. In bacteria, σ factors regulate much of this process, whereas in eukaryotes, four RNA polymerases and a multiplicity of generalized transcription factors (GTFs) are required. Here, by using a systems approach, we provide experimental evidence (including protein-coimmunoprecipitation, ChIP-Chip, GTF perturbation and knockout, and measurement of transcriptional changes in these genetically perturbed strains) for how archaea likely accomplish similar large-scale transcriptional segregation and modulation of physiological functions. We are able to associate GTFs to nearly half of all putative promoters and show evidence for at least 7 of the possible 42 functional GTF pairs. This report represents a significant contribution toward closing the gap in our understanding of gene regulation by GTFs for all three domains of life and provides an example for how to use various experimental techniques to rapidly learn significant portions of a global gene regulatory network of organisms for which little has been previously known.
Dispatcher-assisted compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation provides best quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation by laypersons: A randomised controlled single-blinded manikin trial

BACKGROUND High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by laypersons is a key determinant of both outcome and survival for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Dispatcher-assisted CPR (telephone-CPR, T-CPR) increases the frequency and correctness of bystander-CPR but results in prolonged time to first chest compressions. However, it remains unclear whether instructions for rescue ventilation and/or chest compressions should be recommended for dispatcher-assisted CPR. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate both principles of T-CPR with respect to CPR quality. DESIGN Randomised controlled single-blinded manikin trial. SETTING University Hospital of Cologne, Germany, 1 July 2012 to 30 September 2012. PARTICIPANTS Sixty laypersons between 18 and 65 years. Medically educated individuals, medical professionals and pregnant women were excluded. Participants were asked to resuscitate a manikin and were randomised into three groups: not dispatcher-assisted (uninstructed) CPR (group 1; U-CPR; n = 20), dispatcher-assisted compression-only CPR (group 2; DACO-CPR; n = 19) and full dispatcher-assisted CPR with rescue ventilation (group 3; DAF-CPR; n = 19). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Specific parameters of CPR quality [i.e. no-flow-time (NFT) as well as compression and ventilation parameters] were analysed. To compare different groups we used Student's t test and P less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Initial NFT was lowest in the DACO-CPR group (mean 21.3 ± 14.4%), followed by dispatcher-assisted full CPR (mean 49.1 ± 8.5%) and by unassisted CPR (mean 55.0 ± 12.9%). Initial NFT covering the time of instruction was lower in DACO-CPR (12.1 ± 5.4%) as compared to dispatcher-assisted full CPR (20.7 ± 8.1%). Compression depth was similar in all three groups: 40.6 ± 13.0 mm (unassisted CPR), 41.0 ± 12.2 mm (DACO-CPR) and 38.8 ± 15.8 mm (dispatcher-assisted full CPR). Average compression frequency was highest in the DACO-CPR group (65.2 ± 22.4 min−1) compared with the unassisted CPR group (35.6 ± 24.2 min−1) and the dispatcher-assisted full CPR group (44.5 ± 10.8 min−1). Correct rescue ventilation was given in 3.1 ± 11.1% (unassisted CPR) and 1.6 ± 16.1% (dispatcher-assisted full CPR) of all ventilation attempts. CONCLUSION Best quality of CPR was achieved by DACO-CPR because of superior compression frequencies and reduced NFT. In contrast, the full dispatcher-assisted CPR with a longer initial instructing phase (initial NFT) did not result in enhanced CPR quality or an optimised compression depth.
Regulation of signal transduction during liver regeneration

The liver has a tremendous capacity to regenerate. For example, after extensive hepatic resection, remaining hepatocytes proliferate to restore the mass of the organ within days to weeks. This proliferative response is fascinating because hepato‐cyles rarely replicate in the healthy adult liver. Instead, these cells perform highly specialized functions and exemplify mature, terminally differentiated cells.Therefore it is somewhat surprising that the liver can repopulate while performing its many obligate. , organ‐specific functions. Study of the regenerating liver remnant after partial hepatectomy has helped to delineate mechanisms that regulate proliferation and liver‐specific functions in individual hepatocytes, as well as those that coordinate the behaviors of different liver cell populations to balance organ growth and tissue‐specific gene expression. Hence, this review will focus on inter‐ and intracellular signals that regulate the hepatocyte phe‐notype after PH. —Diehl, A. M. , Rai, R. M. , Regulation of signal transduction during Liver regeneration. FASEB J. 10, 215‐227 (1996)
From ubiquitin‐proteasomal degradation to CDK1 inactivation: requirements for the first polar body extrusion in mouse oocytes

Completion of the first meiotic division, manifested by extrusion of the first polar body (PBI), depends on proteasomal degradation of cyclin B1 and securin and the subsequent respective CDK1 inactivation and chromosome segregation. We aimed at identifying the polyubiquitin signal that mediates proteasomal action and at a better characterization of the role of CDK1 inactivation at this stage of meiosis. Microinjections of mutated ubiquitin proteins into mouse oocytes revealed that interference with lysine‐11 polyubiquitin chains abrogated chromosome segregation and reduced PBI extrusion by 63% as compared to WT ubiquitin‐injected controls. Inactivation of CDK1 in oocytes arrested at first metaphase by a proteasome inhibitor fully rescued PBI extrusion. However, removal of CDK1 inhibition failed to allow progression to the second metaphase, rather, inducing PBI reengulfment in 62% of the oocytes. Inhibition of either PLK1 or MEK1/2 during the first anaphase changed spindle dimensions. The PLK1 inhibitor also blocked PBI emission and prevented RhoA translocation. Our results identified lysine‐11 rather than the canonic lysine‐48 ubiquitin chains as the degradation signal in oocytes resuming meiosis, further disclosing that CDK1 inactivation is necessary and sufficient for PBI emission. This information significantly contributes to our understanding of faulty chromosome segregation that may lead to aneuploidy. —Pomerantz, Y. , Elbaz, J., Ben‐Eliezer, I. , Reizel, Y. , David, Y. , Galiani, D. , Nevo, N. , Navon, A. , Dekel, N. From ubiquitin‐proteasomal degradation to CDK1 inactivation: requirements for the first polar body extrusion in mouse oocytes. FASEB J. 26, 4495–4505 (2012). www.fasebj. org
Reduced or modified dietary fat for preventing cardiovascular disease.

BACKGROUND Reduction and modification of dietary fats have differing effects on cardiovascular risk factors (such as serum cholesterol), but their effects on important health outcomes are less clear. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of reduction and/or modification of dietary fats on mortality, cardiovascular mortality, cardiovascular morbidity and individual outcomes including myocardial infarction, stroke and cancer diagnoses in randomised clinical trials of at least 6 months duration. SEARCH METHODS For this review update, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE and EMBASE, were searched through to June 2010. References of Included studies and reviews were also checked. SELECTION CRITERIA Trials fulfilled the following criteria: 1) randomised with appropriate control group, 2) intention to reduce or modify fat or cholesterol intake (excluding exclusively omega-3 fat interventions), 3) not multi factorial, 4) adult humans with or without cardiovascular disease, 5) intervention at least six months, 6) mortality or cardiovascular morbidity data available. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Participant numbers experiencing health outcomes in each arm were extracted independently in duplicate and random effects meta-analyses, meta-regression, sub-grouping, sensitivity analyses and funnel plots were performed. MAIN RESULTS This updated review suggested that reducing saturated fat by reducing and/or modifying dietary fat reduced the risk of cardiovascular events by 14% (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.96, 24 comparisons, 65,508 participants of whom 7% had a cardiovascular event, I(2) 50%). Subgrouping suggested that this reduction in cardiovascular events was seen in studies of fat modification (not reduction - which related directly to the degree of effect on serum total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides), of at least two years duration and in studies of men (not of women). There were no clear effects of dietary fat changes on total mortality (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.04, 71,790 participants) or cardiovascular mortality (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.04, 65,978 participants). This did not alter with sub-grouping or sensitivity analysis.Few studies compared reduced with modified fat diets, so direct comparison was not possible. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The findings are suggestive of a small but potentially important reduction in cardiovascular risk on modification of dietary fat, but not reduction of total fat, in longer trials. Lifestyle advice to all those at risk of cardiovascular disease and to lower risk population groups, should continue to include permanent reduction of dietary saturated fat and partial replacement by unsaturates. The ideal type of unsaturated fat is unclear.
Combined and Calibrated Features for Steganalysis of Motion Vector-Based Steganography in H.264/AVC

This paper presents a novel feature set for steganalysis of motion vector-based steganography in H.264/AVC. First, the influence of steganographic embedding on the sum of absolute difference (SAD) and the motion vector difference (MVD) is analyzed, and then the statistical characteristics of these two aspects are combined to design features. In terms of SAD, the macroblock partition modes are used to measure the quantization distortion, and by using the optimality of SAD in neighborhood, the partition based neighborhood optimal probability features are extracted. In terms of MVD, it has been proved that MVD is better in feature construction than neighboring motion vector difference (NMVD) which has been widely used by traditional steganalyzers, and thus the inter and intra co-occurrence features are constructed based on the distribution of two components of neighboring MVDs and the distribution of two components of the same MVD. Finally, the combined features are enhanced by window optimal calibration, which utilizes the optimality of both SAD and MVD in a local window area. Experiments on various conditions demonstrate that the proposed scheme generally achieves a more accurate detection than current methods especially for videos encoded in variable block size and high quantization parameter values, and exhibits strong universality in applications.
Parental autobiographical memory: is this a helpful clinical measure in behavioural child management?

OBJECTIVES The major hypothesis was that specificity scores on the Parent-Child Autobiographical Memory Test (PCAMT; Hutchings, 1996) would differentiate between mothers of children referred to a child and adolescent mental health service for behavioural management, and those who were not referred. Within the referred sample, the objective was to examine the relationships between the PCAMT, mental health (Beck Depression Inventory; Beck, Ward, Mendelson, Mock & Erbaugh, 1961; General Health Questionnaire; Goldberg, 1972) and socio-economic deprivation (SED5; Hutchings, 1996) and measures of outcome (Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory; Eyberg, 1980). DESIGN Pre-treatment measures on the PCAMT for the group of mothers whose children were referred were compared with measures on the PCAMT from a group of mothers of non-referred children of similar ages. Within the mothers of the referred sample, correlations of the PCAMT with other measures were examined, pre- and post-treatment. METHODS Pre-treatment PCAMT scores from 26 mothers of children with behaviour management problems from consecutive referrals to a child and adolescent mental health service were compared with PCAMT scores from 22 mothers of children of a similar age from a local playgroup. Within the referred group, the PCAMT was administered before (N = 26) and after (N = 16) treatment. The 16 treated families received behavioural management advice. RESULTS The PCAMT distinguished between parents of children referred for behavioural management advice and a non-clinical sample. Within the referred group it also distinguished between those who received treatment and those who did not attend treatment. CONCLUSIONS The PCAMT is considered to have the potential of being a useful instrument for identifying referred children whose mothers may not attend for treatment and possibly for identifying those mothers who would benefit most from concentrating on attending and observation skills in child management training.
The stimulants.

Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed psychotropic medications in child psychiatry, used generally for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this article, the authors summarize the literature on the prevalence of use, neurobiology, and pharmacology of stimulants. Likewise, recent studies on the use of stimulants are reviewed, such as their use in specific ADHD populations including those with conduct disorder, girls, preschoolers, adolescents, and adults. Clinical guidelines for the management of children and adolescents receiving stimulants are offered, and treatment strategies are delineated for ADHD subjects with comorbidity and medication-induced adverse effects.
Uncertainty, Incomplete Markets and Government Farm Programs

Although economists have exhaustively studied the effects of commodity price stabilization programs,' research on other common government agricultural policies, including target price programs, production controls and consumer price ceilings, has generally been restricted to nonstochastic settings. '2,3 In an earlier paper [19], I have studied one of the latter policies in a stochastic environment, obtaining qualitative reversals in the distributional and welfare conclusions that are reached under certainty. The policy analyzed in Innes [19] is a target price/deficiency payment program which pays farmers any positive difference between the target price and the prevailing market price for their output. Under certainty, this program benefits producers, hurts consumers (as taxpayers), and causes a net (Harberger triangle) welfare loss. In a stochastic environment with incomplete contingent claim markets, all of these conclusions can be reversed: producers can be made worse off, consumers better off, and society better off. These qualitative effects emerge under conditions that are characteristic of developed countries' staple food markets, namely, low price and income elasticities of demand and farmer risk aversion. Taking the latter results as a point of departure, this paper posits a Diamond [10]-type closed economy model with stochastic production, incomplete contingent claim markets, and rational agents; using this model, it investigates the welfare implications of a combined target price/production control policy.4 Perhaps more importantly, evidence is presented on the prospective quan-
Stimulatory effect of zinc-releasing calcium phosphate implant on bone formation in rabbit femora.

Although hydroxyapatite (HAP) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) are currently used as bone graft substitutes or coatings on metallic prostheses because of their excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity, they do not stimulate bone formation or inhibit bone resorption. Zinc, an essential trace element in many animals, has a direct specific proliferative effect on osteoblastic cells and has a potent and selective inhibitory effect on osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. Therefore, zinc-containing beta-tricalcium phosphate (ZnTCP) ceramics and composite ceramics of ZnTCP and HAP (ZnTCP/HAP) were implanted in the femora of New Zealand White rabbits for 4 weeks to promote bone formation. The implants were sintered ceramics with zinc contents of 0 (control), 0.063, 0.316 and 0.633 wt %. Histological and histomorphometrical investigation of the undecalcified sections revealed an increase by 51% (p =.0509) in the area of newly formed bone around the ZnTCP/HAP implants of 0. 316 Zn wt % compared with the control. Plasma zinc concentration was unchanged. An increased bone resorption on the endosteal surface was observed when ZnTCP and ZnTCP/HAP of 0.633 Zn wt % were implanted. To promote bone formation, the optimum zinc content of the calcium phosphate ceramics was therefore 0.316 wt %.
A HOPS Protein, MoVps41, Is Crucially Important for Vacuolar Morphogenesis, Vegetative Growth, Reproduction and Virulence in Magnaporthe oryzae

The homotypic fusion and protein sorting protein complex (HOPS) is the first known tether complex identified in the endocytic system that plays a key role in promoting homotypic vacuolar fusion, vacuolar biogenesis and trafficking in a wide range of organisms, including plant and fungi. However, the exact influence of the HOPS complex on growth, reproduction and pathogenicity of the economically destructive rice blast fungus has not been investigated. In this study, we identified M. oryzae vacuolar protein sorting 41 (MoVps41) an accessory subunit of HOPS complex and used targeted gene deletion approach to evaluate its contribution to growth, reproduction and infectious life cycle of the rice blast fungus. Corresponding results obtained from this study showed that MoVps41 is required for optimum vegetative development of M. oryzae and observed that MoVps41 deletion mutant displayed defective vegetative growth. Our investigation further showed that MoVps41 deletion triggered vacuolar fragmentation, compromised membrane integrity and pathogenesis of the ΔMovps41 mutant. Our studies also showed for the first time that MoVps41 plays an essential role in the regulation of sexual and asexual reproduction of M. oryzae. In summary, our study provides insight into how MoVps41 mediated vacuolar fusion and biogenesis influences reproduction, pathogenesis, and vacuolar integrity in M. oryzae and also underscores the need to holistically investigate the HOPS complex in rice blast pathogen.