Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic Coupling on Riemannian Manifolds and Polyhedra

Starting from a central limit theorem for geometric random walks we give an elementary construction of couplings between Brownian motions on Riemannian manifolds. This approach shows that cut locus phenomena are indeed inessential for Kendall's and Cranston's stochastic proof of gradient estimates for harmonic functions on Riemannian manifolds with lower curvature bounds. Moreover, since the method is based on an asymptotic quadruple inequality and a central limit theorem only it may be extended to certain non smooth spaces which we illustrate by the example of Riemannian polyhedra. Here we also recover the classical heat kernel gradient estimate which is well known from the smooth setting.
FR500 VLIW-architecture High-performance Embedded Microprocessor

A new-concept FR500 microprocessor using the VLIW architecture has been developed for digital consumer products. It can issue four instructions simultaneously and can be configured in a small-scale circuit, making it possible to implement a low-cost, high-performance system. It combines two 32-bit integer operation units, two 32-bit floating-point operation units, and two 16-bit media processing operation units, providing a peak performance of 532 MIPS, 1064 MFLOPS, and 4256 MOPS at 266 MHz. The flexible instruction set provided by the VLIW architecture makes it possible to add specialized DSP instructions for signal processing as well as customer-defined instructions. This enables development of a microprocessor optimized for digital consumer products ‐ a market that is expecting explosive growth.
Visual and Haptic Perception of Object Elasticity in a Virtual Squeezing Event

Numerous studies have been performed on the human perception of object's weight, elasticity or viscosity. Most of them were however based on discrimination tasks, and used or simulated very simple objects from haptic and visual information. We found that observers could make judgements on elasticity in an orderly way, and that all of the different stiffness values were correctly discriminated except the two lowest ones. It was found too that visual information, when available, modified the movements parameters, such as movement amplitude and mean manipulation speed, but did not help improving the results of the task.
A Survey of Experimental Research on Contests , All-Pay Auctions and Tournaments

A Survey of Experimental Research on Contests, All-Pay Auctions and Tournaments Emmanuel Dechenaux, Dan Kovenock and Roman M. Sheremeta* Many economic, political and social environments can be described as contests in which agents exert costly efforts while competing over the distribution of a scarce resource. These environments have been studied using Tullock contests, all-pay auctions and rankorder tournaments. This survey provides a review of experimental research on these three canonical contests. First, we review studies investigating the basic structure of contests, including the contest success function, number of players and prizes, spillovers and externalities, heterogeneity, and incomplete information. Second, we discuss dynamic contests and multi-battle contests. Then we review research on sabotage, feedback, bias, collusion, alliances, and contests between groups, as well as real-effort and field experiments. Finally, we discuss applications of contests to the study of legal systems, political competition, war, conflict avoidance, sales, and charities, and suggest directions for future research.
EXPLOITING THE USER INTERACTION CONTEXT FOR AUTOMATIC TASK DETECTION

Detecting the task a user is performing on his/her computer desktop is important in order to provide him/her with contextualized and personalized support. Some recent approaches propose to perform automatic user task detection by means of classifiers using captured user context data. In this paper we improve on that by using an ontology-based user interaction context model that can be automatically populated by (1) capturing simple user interaction events on the computer desktop and (2) applying rule-based and information extraction mechanisms. We present evaluation results from a large user study we have carried out in a knowledge-intensive business environment, showing that our ontology-based approach provides new contextual features yielding good task-detection performance. We also argue that good results can be achieved by training task classifiers “offline” on user context data gathered in laboratory settings. Finally, we isolate a combination of contextual features that present a significantly better discriminative power than classical ones. 1
An improved algorithm with key attributes constraints for mining interesting association rules in network log

Computer logs are generated by application activities, network accesses and system audit, which are important data sources for user pattern mining, computer forensic analysis, intrusion detection analysis and outlier detection. Algorithms for mining association rule are useful methods to find interesting rules implied in large computer log data. But existing algorithms which based on confidence and support are unfit for mining computer log data, many uninteresting rules will be generated and useful rules will be shadowed. To solve this problem, the concept of key attributes of network log data is introduced, and an algorithm with key attributes constraints for mining interesting association rules in network log data is designed. Experimental result shows that the number of uninteresting rules can be reduced effectively and the validity of rules which mined are improved.
Investigating the educational effectiveness of gamebased learning for IT education

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of game-based learning in supporting IT education particularly in network security topics. To attain this objective, the post-test was administered to the participant. This study adopted the Quasi-experimental research design involving 91 participants. The finding from this study suggested that participants who participated in game-based learning outperformed the participants in the control group.
¿Es posible invertir la forma en que aprendemos y enseñamos? Aderezos para repensar la educación

El presente ensayo recoge reflexiones sobre experiencias educativas a través de postulados quemarcan aspectos clave para repensar los contextos de aprendizaje y enseñanza. Se muestran formasinnovadoras y su contraparte al orientar las prácticas educativas dentro del aula. Se presentan argumentosy razones con sustento en las investigaciones de diseño y desarrollos teóricos de la PsicologíaEducacional para entender y transformar la educación. Consideramos importante rever y reflexionarlos roles en educación, la importancia de los contenidos, el papel de los docentes y de los alumnos,para promover la implicación. El trabajo gira en torno a ‘aderezos’ organizados en cuatro pares contrapuestos,a saber: docentes deliveries versus colaboradores; enseñanza pareja versus diversa; evaluaciónestándar versus a la carta; aprendizaje invisible versus visible. Cada par delimita aspectosesenciales para pensar la escuela de cara a los retos del nuevo siglo, a partir de una nueva forma deconcebir la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y la evaluación. Invitan a salir de la zona de confort a educadoresy educandos y los desafía a transitar nuevos caminos más abiertos e inclusivos.
VLT spectroscopy and non-LTE modeling of the C/O-dominated accretion disks in two ultracompact X-ray binaries

Aims. We present new medium-resolution high-S/N optical spectra of the ultracompact low-mass X-ray binaries 4U 0614+091 and 4U 1626-67, taken with the ESO Very Large Telescope. They are pure emission line spectra and the lines are identified as due to C ii-iv and O ii-iii. Methods. Line identification is corroborated by first results from modeling the disk spectra with detailed non-LTE radiation transfer calculations. Hydrogen and helium lines are lacking in the observed spectra. Results. Our models confirm the deficiency of H and He in the disks. The lack of neon lines suggests an Ne abundance of less than about 10 percent (by mass), however, this result is uncertain due to possible shortcomings in the model atom. These findings suggest that the donor stars are eroded cores of C/O white dwarfs with no excessive neon overabundance. This would contradict earlier claims of Ne enrichment concluded from X-ray observations of circumbinary material, which was explained by crystallization and fractionation of the white dwarf core.
Privacy Protected Data Forwarding in Human Associated Delay Tolerant Networks

Human associated delay-tolerant networks (HDTNs) are new networks for DTNs, where mobile devices are associated with humans and demonstrate social related communication characteristics. As most of recent works use real social trace files to study the date forwarding in HDTNs, the privacy protection becomes a serious issue. Traditional privacy protections need to keep the attributes semantics, such as data mining and information retrieval. However, in HDTNs, it is not necessary to keep these meaningful semantics. In this paper, instead, we propose to anonymize the original data by coding to preserve individual's privacy and apply Privacy Protected Data Forwarding (PPDF) model to select the top N nodes to perform the multicast. We use both MIT Reality and Infocom 06 datasets, which are human associated mobile network trace file, to simulate our model. The results of our simulations show that this method can achieve a high data forwarding performance while protect the nodes' privacy as well.
A Revised Analytical Fram Reform of Welfare States

This paper argues that the existing theories of welfare state reform are powerful in explaining the pathdependent adjustment of welfare states from the 1970s to the 1990s, but that they fail to account for institutional path-departures which are becoming more common in the 2000s. By examining the deviant case of pension privatization in a frozen welfare state, the paper first confronts current theories with the reform experience in Germany between 1996 and 2001 and demonstrates that it contradicts their expectations and implications regarding the initiative, the process, the strategies as well as the outcome of welfare state reform. It then seeks to improve the existing analytical framework by suggesting a better concept of change in welfare states and by incorporating two additional theoretical components, termed “institutional interference" and "creative opportunism", that jointly lead to a better understanding of institutional path-departure in highly unfavorable settings. Finally, the paper uncovers the underlying assumptions of the three existing components – blame avoidance, vested interests and policy legacies – and shows that turning them into conditions further helps us to resolve the paradox of major institutional change in frozen welfare states.
EFFECTS OF VISUAL DEPRIVATION ON MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF CELLS IN THE CATS LATERAL GENICULATE BODY.

THEIMPORTANCEOFNORMALSENSORYSTIMULATION inthedevelopment and maintenance of the nervous system is now generally recognized. In the visual system this problem has usually been approached by examining the effects of sensory deprivation on structure and behavior (see reviews by Hebb (12) and Riesen (28)). An obvious way of extending this work would be to examine electrophysiologically the functional effects of visual deprivation, but such experiments require some knowledge of normal function. During the last 10 years single-cell responses have been examined and receptive-field arrangements compared at several levels in the cat’s visual pathway: in the retina (Zl), the lateral geniculate body (18), and the visual cortex (17, 19). This information provides the necessary background for a study of the immature and the stimulus-deprived visual system. The results of a physiological and anatomical study of the visual pathways in normal. and visually deprived kittens will be presented in a series of three papers. In the present paper we describe single-unit recordings in the optic tract and lateral geniculate body of kittens in which one eye had been deprived of vision, and an anatomical examination of the visual pathways in these animals. The second paper (20) will describe single-unit recordings in the striate cortex of newborn kittens. The final paper (32) will deal with responses of cells in the visual cortex of visually deprived animals.
Crowdsourcing collection of data for crisis governance in the post-2015 world: potential offers and crucial challenges

The practice of 'crowdsourcing' under the new technological regime has opened doors of huge data repositories. In recent years, crowdsourcing have expanded rapidly allowing citizens to connect with each other, governments to connect with common mass, to coordinate disaster response work, to map political conflicts, acquiring information quickly and participating in issues that affect day-to-day life of citizens. Crowdsourcing has the potentiality to offer smart governance by gathering and analyzing massive data from citizens. As data is a key enabler to proper public governance, this paper aims to provide a picture of potential offers that 'crowdsourcing' could make in support of crisis governance in the Post-2015 World, while it illustrates some critical challenges of data protection and privacy in different service sectors. Lastly, with a brief analysis on privacy, online data protection; and safety level of some crowdsourcing tools, this paper proposes brief guidelines for different stakeholders and some future works to avoid some mismanagement of crowdsourced data to protect data, privacy and security of end users.
Nonlinear Electrodynamics and black holes

It is addressed the issue of black holes with nonlinear electromagnetic field, focussing mainly in the Born-Infeld case. The main features of these systems are described, for instance, geodesics, energy conditions, thermodynamics and isolated horizon aspects. Also are revised some black hole solutions of alternative nonlinear electrodynamics and its inconveniences.
Inef Report behind the Myth of the Mittelstand Economy. the Institutional Environment Supporting Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Germany North Rhine-westphalia: Structural Economic Change, Regional Economic and Locational Policy, Ecological Formulation of State Policy -a Survey from the Viewpo

In the face of the globalization process, industrialized and developing countries alike are challenged to devise new economic and environmental strategies geared to interlinking sustainable development, competitiveness, and employment security. Regions are gaining in importance in the world market economy; decentralization is proving to be an essential precondition for successful politics in a globalizing world. The project centers on analyzing the process of structural economic change and regional economic, locational, and environmental policies in North Rhine-Westphalia; the project is in a position to harness the experience horizons of scholars from three countries (and three continents). There are also plans to work out additional country-specific and/or comparative studies (North Rhine Westphalia/Germany-Chile-Republic of Korea) on key issues of particular significance to the participating institutions (and countries) in the sense of joint learning processes. The thrust of the study is twofold: (1) Newly industrializing countries (NICs) will be able to learn from the positive and negative experiences made by North Rhine-Westphalia; (2) the analysis conducted by internationally experienced scholars from advanced developing countries can contribute to addressing "regional myopia" in North Rhine-Westphalia, profiting here from the experience of dynamic NICs. The literature often distinguishes between Anglo-Saxon, "Rhenish," and Asian market economies. The discussion on how different economic styles are changing-showing tendencies more toward convergence or toward even further differentiation-in the globalization process is still in its beginnings. The close cooperation between scholars from three countries / continents can contribute to gaining a better understanding of different types of market economy and thus also of scopes for political action in economic and environmental policy.
Phosphorylation by Dyrk1A of Clathrin Coated Vesicle-Associated Proteins: Identification of the Substrate Proteins and the Effects of Phosphorylation

Dyrk1A phosphorylated multiple proteins in the clathrin-coated vesicle (CCV) preparations obtained from rat brains. Mass spectrometric analysis identified MAP1A, MAP2, AP180, and α- and β-adaptins as the phosphorylated proteins in the CCVs. Each protein was subsequently confirmed by [32P]-labeling and immunological methods. The Dyrk1A-mediated phosphorylation released the majority of MAP1A and MAP2 and enhanced the release of AP180 and adaptin subunits from the CCVs. Furthermore, Dyrk1A displaced adaptor proteins physically from CCVs in a kinase-concentration dependent manner. The clathrin heavy chain release rate, in contrast, was not affected by Dyrk1A. Surprisingly, the Dyrk1A-mediated phosphorylation of α- and β-adaptins led to dissociation of the AP2 complex, and released only β-adaptin from the CCVs. AP180 was phosphorylated by Dyrk1A also in the membrane-free fractions, but α- and β-adaptins were not. Dyrk1A was detected in the isolated CCVs and was co-localized with clathrin in neurons from mouse brain sections and from primary cultured rat hippocampus. Previously, we proposed that Dyrk1A inhibits the onset of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in neurons by phosphorylating dynamin 1, amphiphysin 1, and synaptojanin 1. Current results suggest that besides the inhibition, Dyrk1A promotes the uncoating process of endocytosed CCVs.
Alcohol Use and Stress in University Freshmen - A Comparative Intervention Study of Two Universities

Starting university is associated with major academic, personal and social opportunities. For many people, university entrance is also associated with increased stress and alcohol consumption. At the start of the autumn term 2002, all students entering educational programmes at two comparable middle-sized Swedish universities were invited to participate in a comparative intervention study. This included both primary and secondary interventions targeting hazardous drinking and stress. The overall aim was to improve alcohol habits and stress patterns in university freshmen at an intervention university in comparison with a control university. A total of 2,032 (72%) freshmen responded to the baseline assessment. Half of them scored above traditional AUDIT cut-off levels for hazardous alcohol use. Factors associated with hazardous use were age below 26, male gender, family history of alcohol problems, and not being in a serious relationship. The Arnetz and Hasson Stress Questionnaire was evaluated and used to study a selection of freshmen at high riskof stress. It was easy to use and offered sufficient internal consistency and construct validity. In the freshman year, 517 students (25%) dropped out from university education. A multivariate analysis established that high stress and university setting was associated with dropout from university studies, while symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as hazardous drinking were not. Outcome was analysed in students remaining at university at one-year follow-up. The primary interventions offered to freshmen at the intervention university reduced alcohol expectancies and mental symptoms compared with freshmen at the control university. Secondary stress interventions were effective in reducing mental symptoms and alcohol expectancies. Secondary alcohol interventions were effective in reducing AUDIT scores, alcohol expectancies, estimated blood alcohol concentrations, as well as stress and mental symptoms. In conclusion, both primary and secondary alcohol and stress interventions have one-year effects in university freshmen and could be used in university settings. (Less)
A new diversity guided particle swarm optimization with mutation

This paper presents a new diversity guided Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO) named Beta Mutation PSO or BMPSO for solving global optimization problems. The BMPSO algorithm makes use of an evolutionary programming based mutation operator to maintain the level of diversity in the swarm population, thereby maintaining a good balance between the exploration and exploitation phenomena and preventing premature convergence. Beta distribution is used to perform the mutation in the proposed BMPSO algorithm. The performance of the BMPSO algorithm is investigated on a set of ten standard benchmark problems and the results are compared with the original PSO algorithm. The numerical results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the basic PSO algorithm in all the test cases taken in this study.
Multi-Cell Beamforming With Decentralized Coordination in Cognitive and Cellular Networks

This paper considers a downlink beamforming problem in a cognitive radio network where multiple primary and secondary cells coexist. Each multiantenna primary and secondary transmitter serves its own set of single antenna users. The optimization objective is to minimize the sum transmission power over secondary transmitters while guaranteeing the minimum SINR for each secondary user and satisfying the maximum aggregate interference power constraint for each primary user. We propose a decentralized beamforming algorithm where the original centralized problem is decomposed via primal decomposition method into two levels, i.e., transmitter-level subproblems managed by a network-level master problem. The master problem is solved independently at each secondary transmitter using a projected subgradient method requiring limited backhaul signaling among secondary transmitters. To solve the independent transmitter-level subproblems, we propose three alternative approaches which are based on second order cone programming, semidefinite programming and uplink-downlink duality. Special emphasis is put on the last approach, which is also considered in a multi-cell MISO cellular network. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm achieves close to optimal solution even after a few iterations in quasi-static channel conditions. Moreover, near centralized performance is demonstrated in time-correlated channels.
Structure and stability of the P93G variant of ribonuclease A

The peptide bonds preceding Pro 93 and Pro 114 of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) are in the cis conformation. The trans‐to‐cis isomerization of these bonds had been indicted as the slow step during protein folding. Here, site‐directed mutagenesis was used to replace Pro 93 or Pro 114 with a glycine residue, and the crystalline structure of the P93G variant was determined by X‐ray diffraction analysis to a resolution of 1.7 Å. This structure is essentially identical to that of the wild‐type protein, except for the 91‐94 β‐turn containing the substitution. In the wild‐type protein, the β‐turn is of type V1a. In the P93G variant, this turn is of type II with the peptide bond preceding Gly 93 being trans. The thermal stabilities of the P93G and P1 14G variants were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal denaturation experiments monitored by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The value of ΔΔGm, which reports on the stability lost in the variants, is 1.5‐fold greater for the P114G variant than for the P93G variant. The greater stability of the P93G variant is likely due to the relatively facile accommodation of residues 91‐94 in a type II turn, which has a preference for a glycine residue in its i + 2 position.