Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facteurs de risque et de protection pour la dépression post AVC : approche en vie quotidienne

La Depression Post-AVC (DPAVC) constitue une des complications psychiatriques les plus frequentes dans les suites d’un Accident Vasculaire Cerebral (AVC) avec des consequences majeures en termes de recuperation fonctionnelle et de qualite de vie. Il est necessaire de disposer de criteres permettant une identification precoce des patients a risque afin de leur proposer des aides adaptees. L’objectif de ce travail de these est d’etudier certains facteurs de risque et de protection de la DPAVC avec une approche en vie quotidienne chez des patients presentant un AVC peu invalidant. Dans une premiere partie, nous presentons l’etude du role exerce par le soutien social et la routinisation sur la severite des symptomes depressifs trois mois apres l’AVC par la methode « Ecological Momentary Assessment ». Dans une seconde partie, nous explorons le role de la voix comme marqueur precoce de la DPAVC. Nous avons mis en evidence que la perception du soutien social initial influence l’intensite des symptomes depressifs et les activites trois mois apres. D’autre part, nous avons observe une dynamique temporelle unidirectionnelle entre l’augmentation des routines et la survenue de symptomes depressifs plus intenses. Enfin, les analyses vocales nous ont permis d’identifier des marqueurs de DPAVC avec des modifications longitudinales de la frequence fondamentale ainsi que des marqueurs precoces (shimmer et ruptures de voisement). Au-dela des facteurs cliniques traditionnellement reconnus, ce travail a mis en evidence de facon ecologique de nouveaux marqueurs de risque de DPAVC dont la detection pourrait permettre d’elaborer de nouvelles strategies de prevention et de prise en charge
Hypothermia Increases Tissue Plasminogen Activator Expression and Decreases Post-Operative Intra-Abdominal Adhesion

Background Therapeutic hypothermia during operation decreases postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation. We sought to determine the most appropriate duration of hypothermia, and whether hypothermia affects the expression of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Methods 80 male BALB/c mice weighing 25–30 g are randomized into one of five groups: adhesion model with infusion of 15°C saline for 15 minutes (A); 30 minutes (B); 45 minute (C); adhesion model without infusion of cold saline (D); and sham operation without infusion of cold saline (E). Adhesion scores and tPA levels in the peritoneum fluid levels were analyzed on postoperative days 1, 7, and 14. Results On day 14, the cold saline infusion groups (A, B, and C) had lower adhesion scores than the without infusion of cold saline group (D). However, only group B (cold saline infusion for 30 minutes) had a significantly lower adhesion scores than group D. Also, group B was found to have 3.4 fold, 2.3 fold, and 2.2 fold higher levels of tPA than group D on days 1, 7, and 14 respectively. Conclusions Our results suggest that cold saline infusion for 30 minutes was the optimum duration to decrease postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation. The decrease in the adhesion formations could be partly due to an increase in the level of tPA.
Estimate of the Fundamental Solution for Parabolic Operators with Discontinuous Coeffi cients

We will show that the same type of estimates known for the fundamental solutions for scalar parabolic equations with smooth enough coeffi cients hold for the first order derivatives of fundamental solution with respec t to space variables of scalar parabolic equations of divergence form with discontinuous coeffi cients. The estimate is very important for many applications. For example, it is important for the inverse problem identifying inclusions inside a heat conductive medium from boundary mea- surements.
Olfactory consciousness and gamma oscillation couplings across the olfactory bulb, olfactory cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex

The orbitofrontal cortex receives multi-modality sensory inputs, including olfactory input, and is thought to be involved in conscious perception of the olfactory image of objects. Generation of olfactory consciousness may require neuronal circuit mechanisms for the “binding” of distributed neuronal activities, with each constituent neuron representing a specific component of an olfactory percept. The shortest neuronal pathway for odor signals to reach the orbitofrontal cortex is olfactory sensory neuron—olfactory bulb—olfactory cortex—orbitofrontal cortex, but other pathways exist, including transthalamic pathways. Here, we review studies on the structural organization and functional properties of the shortest pathway, and propose a model of neuronal circuit mechanisms underlying the temporal bindings of distributed neuronal activities in the olfactory cortex. We describe a hypothesis that suggests functional roles of gamma oscillations in the bindings. This hypothesis proposes that two types of projection neurons in the olfactory bulb, tufted cells and mitral cells, play distinct functional roles in bindings at neuronal circuits in the olfactory cortex: tufted cells provide specificity-projecting circuits which send odor information with early-onset fast gamma synchronization, while mitral cells give rise to dispersedly-projecting feed-forward binding circuits which transmit the response synchronization timing with later-onset slow gamma synchronization. This hypothesis also suggests a sequence of bindings in the olfactory cortex: a small-scale binding by the early-phase fast gamma synchrony of tufted cell inputs followed by a larger-scale binding due to the later-onset slow gamma synchrony of mitral cell inputs. We discuss that behavioral state, including wakefulness and sleep, regulates gamma oscillation couplings across the olfactory bulb, olfactory cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex.
c-Myc targeted regulators of cell metabolism in a transgenic mouse model of papillary lung adenocarcinoma

c-Myc's role in pulmonary cancer metabolism is uncertain. We therefore investigated c-Myc activity in papillary lung adenocarcinomas (PLAC). Genomics revealed 90 significantly regulated genes (> 3-fold) coding for cell growth, DNA metabolism, RNA processing and ribosomal biogenesis and bioinformatics defined c-Myc binding sites (TFBS) at > 95% of up-regulated genes. EMSA assays at 33 novel TFBS evidenced DNA binding activity and ChIP-seq data retrieved from public repositories confirmed these to be c-Myc bound. Dual-luciferase gene reporter assays developed for RNA-Terminal-Phosphate-Cyclase-Like-1(RCL1), Ribosomal-Protein-SA(RPSA), Nucleophosmin/Nucleoplasmin-3(NPM3) and Hexokinase-1(HK1) confirmed c-Myc functional relevance and ChIP assays with HEK293T cells over-expressing ectopic c-Myc demonstrated enriched c-Myc occupancy at predicted TFBS for RCL1, NPM3, HK1 and RPSA. Note, c-Myc recruitment on chromatin was comparable to the positive controls CCND2 and CDK4. Computational analyses defined master regulators (MR), i.e. heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1, nucleolin, the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, triosephosphate-isomerase 1, folate transporter (SLC19A1) and nucleophosmin to influence activity of up to 90% of PLAC-regulated genes. Their expression was induced by 3-, 3-, 6-, 3-, 11- and 7-fold, respectively. STRING analysis confirmed protein-protein-interactions of regulated genes and Western immunoblotting of fatty acid synthase, serine hydroxyl-methyltransferase 1, arginine 1 and hexokinase 2 showed tumor specific induction. Published knock down studies confirmed these proteins to induce apoptosis by disrupting neoplastic lipogenesis, by endorsing uracil accumulation and by suppressing arginine metabolism and glucose-derived ribonucleotide biosynthesis. Finally, translational research demonstrated high expression of MR and of 47 PLAC up-regulated genes to be associated with poor survival in lung adenocarcinoma patients (HR 3.2 p < 0.001) thus, providing a rationale for molecular targeted therapies in PLACs.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Dopaminergic and Cholinergic Learning Mechanisms in Nicotine Addiction

Nicotine addiction drives tobacco use by one billion people worldwide, causing nearly six million deaths a year. Nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors that are normally activated by the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine. The widespread expression of nicotinic receptors throughout the nervous system accounts for the diverse physiological effects triggered by nicotine. A crucial influence of nicotine is on the synaptic mechanisms underlying learning that contribute to the addiction process. Here, we focus on the acquisition phase of smoking addiction and review animal model studies on how nicotine modifies dopaminergic and cholinergic signaling in key nodes of the reinforcement circuitry: ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens (NAc), amygdala, and hippocampus. Capitalizing on mechanisms that subserve natural rewards, nicotine activates midbrain dopamine neurons directly and indirectly, and nicotine causes dopamine release in very broad target areas throughout the brain, including the NAc, amygdala, and hippocampus. In addition, nicotine orchestrates local changes within those target structures, alters the release of virtually all major neurotransmitters, and primes the nervous system to the influence of other addictive drugs. Hence, understanding how nicotine affects the circuitry for synaptic plasticity and learning may aid in developing reasoned therapies to treat nicotine addiction.
Uplink-Downlink Heterogeneous Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

This paper proposes and implements a wireless sensor network system with UDHR (uplink-downlink heterogeneous routing) protocol according to the characteristic of data flows in WSN. The proposed routing protocol can be applied to multi-purpose mode such as time- driven mode, event-driven mode and query mode. The simulation results show that the protocol is effective, scalable and robust. Finally the routing protocol is realized in the self- development testbed platform, which can monitor the entire network topological changes, network overhead, energy consumption of each node, data collection and so on.
Quantitative analysis of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations

We review chromosome aberration modeling and its applications, especially to biodosimetry and to characterizing chromosome geometry. Standard results on aberration formation pathways, randomness, dose-response, proximity effects, transmissibility, kinetics, and relations to other radiobiological endpoints are summarized. We also outline recent work on graph-theoretical descriptions of aberrations, Monte-Carlo computer simulations of aberration spectra, software for quantifying aberration complexity, and systematic links of apparently incomplete with complete or truly incomplete aberrations.
Improving the Quality of Word Alignment by Integrating Pearson's Chi-Square Test Information

Previous researches mainly focus on the approaches which are essentially inspirited from the log-linear model background in machine learning or other adaptations. However, not a lot of studies deeply focus on improving word-alignment models to enhance the quality of phrase translation table. This research will follow on that approach. The experiments show that this scheme could also improve the quality of the word-alignment component better. Hence, the improvement impacts the quality of translation system in overall around 1% for the BLEU score metric.
Smooth boundaries to cosmological H ii regions from galaxy clustering

The H ii regions around quasars and galaxies at redshifts beyond the epoch of reionization will provide prime targets for upcoming 21-cm campaigns using a new generation of low-frequency radio observatories. Here we show that the boundaries of these H ii regions will not be sharp. Rather, the clustering of sources near massive galaxies results in a neutral fraction that rises gradually towards large radii from an interior value near zero. A neutral fraction corresponding to the global background value is typically reached at a distance of 2–5 times the radius of the H ii region around the central massive galaxy.
Microarchitectural Miss/Execute Decoupling

The decoupled access/execute architecture described a machine that enables the access of memory values to be decoupled from the consumption of those values. Although never widely adopted in its original form, the decoupled design is a compelling way to tolerate memory latency. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel implementation of decoupling, one based on the following two refinements of the original idea. First, because the latency of cache hits can generally be tolerated, we only decouple from the main program accesses that are likely to miss in the cache. Second, our decoupling takes place at the microarchitectural level, not the architectural level. By treating the access stream as a speculative thread and not allowing it to modify the architectural state of the machine, we relax the correctness constraints that were placed on it in the original design. For many programs, this added flexibility enables a level of decoupling and, consequently, latency tolerance that could not be achieved under the more constrained architectural model.
Implicit Cognition and Spelling Development

Abstract Intuitively it may seem that spelling involves explicit cognitive processes. However, a great deal of knowledge used during spelling is implicit, that is, we are not necessarily aware of the appropriate spelling convention. The goal of this paper is to address how existing theories of implicit cognition may contribute to the understanding of spelling development. The paper includes a review of the adult literature on implicit memory and implicit learning and how this literature may be applied to spelling development. Karmiloff-Smith's (1986, 1992, 1994) multilevel model of representational redescription presents a framework from which to investigate the interrelation of implicit and explicit knowledge and how knowledge representation changes over time. Karmiloff-Smith's model provides insight into observations of children's spelling and can be used as a framework to better understand the development of children's spellings.
Adverse events associated with testosterone administration.

BACKGROUND Testosterone supplementation has been shown to increase muscle mass and strength in healthy older men. The safety and efficacy of testosterone treatment in older men who have limitations in mobility have not been studied. METHODS Community-dwelling men, 65 years of age or older, with limitations in mobility and a total serum testosterone level of 100 to 350 ng per deciliter (3.5 to 12.1 nmol per liter) or a free serum testosterone level of less than 50 pg per milliliter (173 pmol per liter) were randomly assigned to receive placebo gel or testosterone gel, to be applied daily for 6 months. Adverse events were categorized with the use of the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities classification. The data and safety monitoring board recommended that the trial be discontinued early because there was a significantly higher rate of adverse cardiovascular events in the testosterone group than in the placebo group. RESULTS A total of 209 men (mean age, 74 years) were enrolled at the time the trial was terminated. At baseline, there was a high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity among the participants. During the course of the study, the testosterone group had higher rates of cardiac, respiratory, and dermatologic events than did the placebo group. A total of 23 subjects in the testosterone group, as compared with 5 in the placebo group, had cardiovascular-related adverse events. The relative risk of a cardiovascular-related adverse event remained constant throughout the 6-month treatment period. As compared with the placebo group, the testosterone group had significantly greater improvements in leg-press and chest-press strength and in stair climbing while carrying a load. CONCLUSIONS In this population of older men with limitations in mobility and a high prevalence of chronic disease, the application of a testosterone gel was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events. The small size of the trial and the unique population prevent broader inferences from being made about the safety of testosterone therapy. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00240981.)
Dynamic Movement Primitives for Human-Robot interaction: Comparison with human behavioral observation

This article presents the current state of an ongoing work on Human-Robot interaction in which two partners collaborate during an object hand-over interaction. The manipulator control is based on the Dynamic Movement Primitives model, specialized for the object hand-over context. The proposed modifications enable finer control of the dynamic of the DMP to align it to human control strategies, where the contributions of the feedforward and feedback parts of the control are different to the original DMP formulation. Furthermore, the proposed scheme handles moving goals. With these two modifications, the model no longer requires an explicit estimation of the exchange position and it can generate motion purely reactively to the instantaneous position of the human hand. The quality of the control system is evaluated through an extensive comparison with ground truth data related to the object interaction between two humans acquired in the context of the European project CogLaboration which envisages an application in an industrial setting.
Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Avipoxvirus in House Sparrows in Spain

Avipoxvirus (APV) is a fairly common virus affecting birds that causes morbidity and mortality in wild and captive birds. We studied the prevalence of pox-like lesions and genetic diversity of APV in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in natural, agricultural and urban areas in southern Spain in 2013 and 2014 and in central Spain for 8 months (2012–2013). Overall, 3.2% of 2,341 house sparrows visually examined in southern Spain had cutaneous lesions consistent with avian pox. A similar prevalence (3%) was found in 338 birds from central Spain. Prevalence was higher in hatch-year birds than in adults. We did not detect any clear spatial or temporal patterns of APV distribution. Molecular analyses of poxvirus-like lesions revealed that 63% of the samples were positive. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of 29 DNA sequences from the fpv167 gene, detected two strains belonging to the canarypox clade (subclades B1 and B2) previously found in Spain. One of them appears predominant in Iberia and North Africa and shares 70% similarity to fowlpox and canarypox virus. This APV strain has been identified in a limited number of species in the Iberian Peninsula, Morocco and Hungary. The second one has a global distribution and has been found in numerous wild bird species around the world. To our knowledge, this represents the largest study of avian poxvirus disease in the broadly distributed house sparrow and strongly supports the findings that Avipox prevalence in this species in South and central Spain is moderate and the genetic diversity low.
Preliminary results of proton radiotherapy for choroidal melanoma – the Kraków experience

Aim of the study The objective of the study was to present the preliminary results of proton radiotherapy as a method for treating 15 patients with choroidal melanoma. Material and methods The proton radiotherapy was administered using beams providing energy levels of 60 MeV, which ensures a clinical range of 28.4 mm. In addition, the beam has a very narrow penumbra of 1.3 mm and a sharp distal dose fall-off. All patients received the dose of 60 CGE (cobalt gray equivalent) given to the PTV (planning target volume). This dose was administered in 4 fractions over 4 successive days of treatment. Results The tumour had regressed in 8 patients (53.3%) and remained stable in 3 patients (20%). The large tumours in another 3 patients (20%) were removed during vitrectomy (endoresection), which increased the number of patients with tumour regression up to 11 (73.3%). In the case of 1 patient, despite intraocular tumour regression occurring the choroidal melanoma had spread multifocally into the orbit, which necessitated orbit exenteration. The results ensured that the eyeballs of 14 patients (93.3%) could be saved. The follow-up period for the 15 patients ranged between 8 and 26 months (average: 17.4 months, median: 19 months). In this period some side effects were noted: an increase in intraocular pressure, retinal detachment, cataract, maculopathy, neuropathy and vitreous haemorrhaging. Conclusions The preliminary results confirm that proton radiotherapy is an effective method for treating patients with choroidal melanoma. This method ensures an eyeball preservation rate of 93%, with the vision function of 80% of the patients being saved.
Cross Domain Knowledge Transfer for Person Re-identification

Person Re-Identification (re-id) is a challenging task in computer vision, especially when there are limited training data from multiple camera views. In this paper, we pro- pose a deep learning based person re-identification method by transferring knowledge of mid-level attribute features and high-level classification features. Building on the idea that identity classification, attribute recognition and re- identification share the same mid-level semantic representations, they can be trained sequentially by fine-tuning one based on another. In our framework, we train identity classification and attribute recognition tasks from deep Convolutional Neural Network (dCNN) to learn person information. The information can be transferred to the person re-id task and improves its accuracy by a large margin. Further- more, a Long Short Term Memory(LSTM) based Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) component is extended by a spacial gate. This component is used in the re-id model to pay attention to certain spacial parts in each recurrent unit. Experimental results show that our method achieves 78.3% of rank-1 recognition accuracy on the CUHK03 benchmark.
A fast and load-aware controller failover mechanism for software-defined networks

We propose a Fast and Load-aware Controller Failover (FLCF) for software-defined networks to resolve the single point of failure problem. The FLCF utilizes one detecting controller to collect all the other controllers' failure notifications about a failed controller so as to help the detecting controller to make the final decision. Each controller pre-computes its recovery plan and synchronizes the plan with other controllers that will take over the switches if the controller is determined failed. Using Estinet, experiment results show that the proposed FLCF has better performance in terms of failover time and controller load standard deviation than related works.