Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Headaches, concerns, and regrets : what does the experience of 102 Brazilian directors tell us?

This paper takes a look inside the functioning of the modern corporate board “black box. ” Using results of an anonymous online survey, it investigates the experiences and behavior of 102 Brazilian directors—from an individual perspective as well as from a group one. To gain insight into what goes on in directors’ minds, the authors adopted a behavioral approach based on extensive literature regarding cognitive biases and group dynamics.
SUBARCSECOND IMAGING OF THE HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGION ONSALA 1

We report subarcsecond images of the high-mass star-forming region Onsala 1 (ON 1) made with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at 0.85 mm and the Very Large Array (VLA) at 1.3 cm and 3.6 cm. ON 1 is one of the smallest ultracompact H ii regions in the Galaxy and exhibits various star formation signposts. With our VLA and SMA observations, two new centimeter-wave sources and five submillimeter dust sources, respectively, within a field of ∼5″ (corresponding to a linear scale of 0.05 pc) are identified, indicating the multiplicity at the center of the ON 1 region. The dust and gas masses of these submillimeter sources are in the range of 0.8 to 6.4 M☉. Among the five submillimeter dust sources, SMA2, with a dust and gas mass of 2.6 M☉, demonstrates several star formation signatures, and hence likely represents an intermediate-mass (or even high-mass) star-forming core. Due to the low star formation efficiency of ∼10%, we suggest that star formation in the ON 1 region will continue. For example, SMA4 and SMA5 are not associated with any star formation signatures and likely mark star formation cores at very early evolutionary stages.
Seasonal and Periodic Long Memory Models in the Inflation Rates

This paper considers the application of long memory processes to describe inflation with seasonal behaviour. We use three different long memory models taking into account the seasonal pattern in the data. Namely, the ARFIMA model with deterministic seasonality, the ARFISMA model, and the periodic ARFIMA (PARFIMA) model. These models are used to describe the inflation rates of four different countries, USA, Canada, Tunisia, and South Africa. The analysis is carried out using the Sowell's (1992) maximum likelihood techniques for estimating ARFIMA model and using the approximate maximum likelihood method for the estimation of the PARFIMA process. We implement a new procedure to obtain the maximum likelihood estimates of the ARFISMA model, in which dummies variables on additive outliers are included. The advantage of this parametric estimation method is that all parameters are estimated simultaneously in the time domain. For all countries, we find that estimates of differencing parameters are significantly different from zero. This is evidence in favour of long memory and suggests that persistence is a common feature for inflation series. Note that neglecting the existence of additive outliers may possibly biased estimates of the seasonal and periodic long memory models.
Forced expression of muscle specific kinase slows postsynaptic acetylcholine receptor loss in a mouse model of MuSK myasthenia gravis

We investigated the influence of postsynaptic tyrosine kinase signaling in a mouse model of muscle‐specific kinase (MuSK) myasthenia gravis (MG). Mice administered repeated daily injections of IgG from MuSK MG patients developed impaired neuromuscular transmission due to progressive loss of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) from the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction. In this model, anti‐MuSK‐positive IgG caused a reduction in motor endplate immunolabeling for phosphorylated Src‐Y418 and AChR β‐subunit‐Y390 before any detectable loss of MuSK or AChR from the endplate. Adeno‐associated viral vector (rAAV) encoding MuSK fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein (MuSK‐EGFP) was injected into the tibialis anterior muscle to increase MuSK synthesis. When mice were subsequently challenged with 11 daily injections of IgG from MuSK MG patients, endplates expressing MuSK‐EGFP retained more MuSK and AChR than endplates of contralateral muscles administered empty vector. Recordings of compound muscle action potentials from myasthenic mice revealed less impairment of neuromuscular transmission in muscles that had been injected with rAAV‐MuSK‐EGFP than contralateral muscles (empty rAAV controls). In contrast to the effects of MuSK‐EGFP, forced expression of rapsyn‐EGFP provided no such protection to endplate AChR when mice were subsequently challenged with MuSK MG IgG. In summary, the immediate in vivo effect of MuSK autoantibodies was to suppress MuSK‐dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins in the postsynaptic membrane, while increased MuSK synthesis protected endplates against AChR loss. These results support the hypothesis that reduced MuSK kinase signaling initiates the progressive disassembly of the postsynaptic membrane scaffold in this mouse model of MuSK MG.
Implementation of a cooperative MAC protocol using a software defined radio platform

Cooperation in wireless networks has shown significant performance gains in comparison to legacy wireless networks. Cooperative wireless protocols achieve such efficiency by enabling cooperation among nodes to exploit spatial diversity. CoopMAC is a medium access control (MAC) protocol that enables cooperation by using an intermediate node as a helper to a direct communication under poor channel conditions. The helper is typically located in a position where it experiences a good channel with both the source and destination. Therefore, it increases the efficiency of the communication by forwarding a packet from the source to the destination using high transmission rates. In an earlier attempt, we demonstrated the benefits of cooperation at the MAC layer by implementing the CoopMAC protocol using an open source wireless driver platform. However, due to some limitations posed by the hardware, the full potential of the protocol could not be explored. In this paper, we proceed with a complete implementation of the cooperative MAC protocol using an OFDM based software defined radio (SDR) platform. We investigate the benefits of the SDR approach, describe the details of the implementation, as well as the experiments we run in order to evaluate the protocol. Experimental results show that CoopMAC can easily be implemented and can lead to a significant improvement in the performance of wireless networks.
A low voltage fully&#8211;integrated 0.18um CMOS power amplifier for 5GHz WLAN

This paper presents design and measurement results of power amplifier (PA) for wireless local area network (WLAN) at 5 GHz using standard commercial CMOS 0.18 um process. The two-stage amplifier is implemented with all components fully integrated on chip including output matching network. Test results show that the power amplifier can achieve power gain of 15.1 dB, 1 dB compression power output (P-1) of 15.4 dBm, third order output interception point (OIP3) of 25.0 dBm and maximum power added efficiency (PAE) of 27.1% with low voltage operation of 1.8 V at 5.2 GHz. The die size is 1.2×0.7 mm2. Literature survey indicates that this is probably the first reported CMOS PA at 5 GHz implemented in 0.18 um process working with a 1.8 V power supply, and this is fully-integrated one with high linearity and good efficiency.
Generation recruitment and death of brain cells throughout the life cycle of Sorex shrews (Lipotyphla)

Young shrews of the genus Sorex that are born in early summer reduce their body size before wintering, including a reduction of brain weight of 10–30%. In the spring they mature sexually, double their body weight and regain about half of the loss in brain weight. To investigate the mechanisms of brain weight oscillations we studied the rate of cell death and generation in the brain during the whole life cycle of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) and pygmy shrew (S. minutus). After weaning, shrews generate new brain cells in only two mammalian neurogenic zones and approximately 80% of these develop into neurones. The increase of the shrew brain weight in the spring did not depend on recruitment of new cells. Moreover, adult Sorex shrews did not generate new cells in the dentate gyri. Injections of 5‐HT1A receptor agonists in the adult shrews induced neurogenesis in their dentate gyri, showing the presence of dormant progenitor cells. Generation of new neurones in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and their recruitment to olfactory bulbs continued throughout life. TUNEL labelling showed that the rate of cell death in all brain structures, including the proliferation zones and olfactory bulb, was very low throughout life. We conclude that neither cell death nor recruitment significantly contributes to seasonal oscillations and the net loss of brain weight in the Sorex shrews. With the exception of dentate gyrus and olfactory bulb, cellular populations of brain structures are stable throughout the life cycle of these shrews.
Self-Dual Superstring in Six Dimensions

A free superstring with chiral N=2 supersymmetry in six dimensions is proposed. It couples to a two-form gauge field with a self-dual field strength. Compactification to four dimensions on a two-torus gives a strongly coupled N=4 four-dimensional gauge theory with SL(2, Z) duality and an infinite tower of dyons. Various authors have suggested that this string theory should be also the world-volume theory of M theory five-branes. Accepting this proposal, we find a puzzling factor of two in the application to black-hole entropy computations.
Distributed Hard and Soft Non-binary Constraints : An AnyTime Proposal

Nowadays many real problems can be modeled as Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). In many situations, it is desirable to be able to state both hard constraints and soft constraints. Hard constraints must hold while soft constraints may be violated but as many as possible should be satisfied. Although the problem constraints can be divided into two groups, the order in which these constraints are studied can improve efficiency, particulary in problems with non-binary constraints. In this paper, we carry out a classification of hard and soft constraints in order to study the tightest hard constraints first and to obtain ever better solutions. In this way, inconsistencies can be found earlier and the number of constraint checks can be significantly reduced.
Feasibility of Quantifying Arterial Cerebral Blood Volume Using Multiphase Alternate Ascending/Descending Directional Navigation (ALADDIN)

Arterial cerebral blood volume (aCBV) is associated with many physiologic and pathologic conditions. Recently, multiphase balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) readout was introduced to measure labeled blood signals in the arterial compartment, based on the fact that signal difference between labeled and unlabeled blood decreases with the number of RF pulses that is affected by blood velocity. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of a new 2D inter-slice bSSFP-based arterial spin labeling (ASL) technique termed, alternate ascending/descending directional navigation (ALADDIN), to quantify aCBV using multiphase acquisition in six healthy subjects. A new kinetic model considering bSSFP RF perturbations was proposed to describe the multiphase data and thus to quantify aCBV. Since the inter-slice time delay (TD) and gap affected the distribution of labeled blood spins in the arterial and tissue compartments, we performed the experiments with two TDs (0 and 500 ms) and two gaps (300% and 450% of slice thickness) to evaluate their roles in quantifying aCBV. Comparison studies using our technique and an existing method termed arterial volume using arterial spin tagging (AVAST) were also separately performed in five subjects. At 300% gap or 500-ms TD, significant tissue perfusion signals were demonstrated, while tissue perfusion signals were minimized and arterial signals were maximized at 450% gap and 0-ms TD. ALADDIN has an advantage of visualizing bi-directional flow effects (ascending/descending) in a single experiment. Labeling efficiency (α) of inter-slice blood flow effects could be measured in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) (20.8±3.7%.) and was used for aCBV quantification. As a result of fitting to the proposed model, aCBV values in gray matter (1.4–2.3 mL/100 mL) were in good agreement with those from literature. Our technique showed high correlation with AVAST, especially when arterial signals were accentuated (i.e., when TD = 0 ms) (r = 0.53). The bi-directional perfusion imaging with multiphase ALADDIN approach can be an alternative to existing techniques for quantification of aCBV.
Diagnostic Accuracy Study of an Oscillometric Ankle-Brachial Index in Peripheral Arterial Disease: The Influence of Oscillometric Errors and Calcified Legs

Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an indicator of widespread atherosclerosis. However, most individuals with PAD, in spite of being at high cardiovascular risk, are asymptomatic. This fact, together with the limitations of the Doppler ankle-brachial index (ABI), contributes to PAD underdiagnose. The aim of this study was to compare oscillometric ABI and Doppler ABI to diagnose peripheral arterial disease, and also to examine the influence of oscillometric errors and calcified legs on the PAD diagnoses. Methods and Findings We measured the ankle-brachial indexes of 90 volunteers (n = 180 legs, age 70 ± 14 years, 43% diabetics) using both oscillometer OMRON-M3 and Doppler. For concordance analyses we used the Bland and Altman method, and also estimated the intraclass correlation coefficient. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves were used to examine the diagnostic performance of both methods. The ABI means were 1.06 ± 0.14 and 1.04 ± 0.16 (p = 0.034) measured by oscillometer and Doppler ABIs respectively, with limits of agreement of ± 0.20 and intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.769. Oscillometer yielded 23 “error” measurements, and also overestimated the measurements in low ankle pressures. Using Doppler as gold standard, oscillometer performance for diagnosis of PAD showed an Area Under Curve = 0.944 (sensitivity: 66.7%, specificity: 96.8%). Moreover, when considered calcified legs and oscillometric “error” readings as arteriopathy equivalents, sensitivity rose to 78.2%, maintaining specificity in 96%. The best oscillometer cut-off point was 0.96 (sensitivity: 87%, specificity: 91%, positive likelihood ratio: 9.66 and negative likelihood ratio: 0.14). Conclusion Despite its limitations, oscillometric ABI could be a useful tool for the diagnosis of PAD, particularly when considering calcified legs and oscillometric “errors” readings as peripheral arterial disease equivalents.
Implementing a Scalable Self-Virtualizing Network Interface on an Embedded Multicore Platform

Some of the costs associated with system virtualization using a virtual machine monitor (VMM) or hypervisor (HV) can be attributed to the need to virtualize peripheral devices and to then manage the virtualized resources for large numbers of guest domains. For higher end, ‘smart’ IO devices, it is possible to offload selected virtualization functionality onto the devices themselves, thereby creating self-virtualizing devices. A self-virtualizing device is aware of the fact that it is being virtualized. It implements this awareness (1) by presenting to the HV an interface that enables the HV to manage virtual devices on demand, and (2) by presenting to a guest OS a virtual device abstraction that permits it to interact with the device with minimal HV involvement. This paper presents the design of a self-virtualizing network device and its implementation on a modern multi-core network platform, an IXP2400 network processor-based development board. Initial performance results demonstrate that the performance of virtual interfaces is similar to that of regular network interfaces. The longer term goal of this work is to better understand how modern multi-core platforms can be used to realize light-weight, scalable virtualization for future server platforms.
A novel register organization for VLIW digital signal processors

This paper presents a novel register organization for VLIW DSPs. The simulation results show the performance of a DSP with the proposed register file is comparable with state-of-the-art DSPs. However, the proposed register file can save 89.7% area of a conventional centralized one, while reducing its access time by 68.6%.
The role of Ki-67 in the proliferation and prognosis of breast cancer molecular classification subtypes

The Ki-67 antigen was identified in the early steps of polymerase I-dependent ribosomal RNA synthesis. Although it seems that this protein has an important function in cell division, its exact role is still unclear and there is little published work on its overall function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of the level of Ki-67 with respect to tumor recurrence in molecularly classified groups of breast cancer patients. Ki-67 was divided into the percentage levels up to and including 20% and over 20%. Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in-situ hybridization are described for the results of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, c-erb-B2, and Ki-67 biomarkers. Formaldehyde-fixed breast samples were paraffin wax embedded and processed for paraffin sections. The protocol of the present study started in 1995 and finished in 2010. Nine hundred and sixteen patients with breast cancer were examined: 291 were grouped as luminal A, 228 as luminal B, 221 as the Her-2 subtype, and 107 as basal cell (triple negative). Follow-up ranged from 3 to 15 years following diagnosis. It was found that in luminal A patients, only one had a Ki-67 level higher than 20%. In luminal B, the Ki-67 was higher than 20% in 51.16% of the patients and recurrence occurred in 23.68%. In the Her-2 subtype, the Ki-67 level was more than 20% in 48.63%. In basal cell triple-negative patients, Ki-67 was more than 20% in 63.86%. The data presented here indicate that the level of Ki-67 may be considered one of the valuable biomarkers in breast cancer patients with respect to process and recurrence.
Integrating the Unified Modeling Language with an Architecture Description Language

These paper presents an approach for integrating UML with an ADL. The integration would encompass the advantages of both languages. It would give formal semantics to UML constructs and thus would provide UML with a theoretical foundation for architecture modeling. Furthermore, the integration would provide benefits for both ADL and UML users: it will enable ADL users to utilize general-purpose UML tools, and will enable UML users to utilize ADL validation capabilities. The result would be a rigorous software development process that is currently lacking.
Counter attack detection with machine learning from log files of RoboCup simulation

Multi-agent systems have attracted a lot of attention recently. RoboCup Soccer Simulation is treated here as a testbed of such systems. This study aims to facilitate the analysis of team behavior and to clarify the role of different types of team possession in the game results of RoboCup Soccer Simulation. We construct a method of detecting counter attacks, which are one type of team possession, by analyzing the log files of games. To detecting the counter attacks, anisotropy feature and others are introduced. Based on these features, a support vector machine (SVM) based detector was able to achieve a 77% detection rate. The detecting method will be expected to reduce the burden of visually checking log data.
Analysis of low power reduction in voltage level shifter

The preserver for portable devices is satisfied by developing CMOS technology. Voltage level shifter is introduced here using adaptive voltage level technique progression of curtailing the power dissipation and power consumption. Power dissipation is the most important parameter here, the adaptive voltage level technique is apply in present work mitigate the power dissipation. We can reduce the value of total power dissipation by applying the AVLG (adaptive voltage level at ground) technology which is increase the ground potential and AVLS (adaptive voltage level supply) which is raise supply potential. The purpose of the design to investigate the static power and power dissipation for low voltage level shifter for proposed design style. This design is valuable in designing the system that consumes less power. The simulation and performance analysis of proposed circuit evaluate in cadence virtuoso tool. The AVL technique based voltage level shifter compared to conventional design that based on power consumption and power dissipation.
Comparison between Euler, Heun, Runge-Kutta and Adams-Bashforth-Moulton integration methods in the particle dynamic simulation

At this time, research topic about the nano scale particle dynamics simulation is an emerging research today. Some particle simulation using Euler integration method, but Euler method is the simplest integration method and used only for the smooth particle moving. For extreme abrupt motion of particle, it is necessary to study other integration methods. This paper discusses the computing comparison of Euler, Heun, fourth order Runge-Kutta and third order Adams-Bashforth-Moulton integration used in particle dynamics simulation. The program written in C++ programming languages using Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 compiler and run on Intel i7 processor. The results of computational simulations show that the Euler integration method is the fastest integration with average computation time at 0.055592 second. Whereas the slowest integration is Adams - Bashforth - Moulton with average computation time at 0.055869 second. Simulations also shows that Euler integration method is suitable for smooth motion of particle, whereas Adam-Bashforth-Moulton integration method is suitable for extreme abrupt motion of particle.