Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hairless and Wnt Signaling: Allies in Epithelial Stem Cell Differentiation

Nuclear receptors and Wnt signaling are both important regulators of developmental and physiological processes. Recent work linking these pathways in epithelial stem cell differentiation has come from studies analyzing the in vivo function of the nuclear receptor corepressor, Hairless (HR). The HR protein has long been suspected to regulate a stem cell-mediated process, hair cycling, as mutations in the Hr gene cause hair loss in both mice and men. The discovery that the HR protein is a nuclear receptor corepressor indicated that HR function in hair cycling is by regulating gene expression. A recent study revealed that HR represses expression of Wise, an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, leading to a model in which HR controls the timing of Wnt signaling required for hair cycling. Here we review these data, and provide new data showing that HR corepressor activity is essential for its in vivo function, and identify an additional putative Wnt inhibitor regulated by HR. This work complements previous studies demonstrating the role of Wnt signaling in epithelial stem cell differentiation.
Association between SNPs in Long Non-coding RNAs and the Risk of Female Breast Cancer in a Chinese Population

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the lncRNAs also play a vital role in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between the four selected tagSNPs (rs944289, rs3787016, rs1456315, rs7463708) in the lncRNAs and the risk of female breast cancer in a Chinese population. A case-control study was carried out involving in a total of 439 breast cancer patients and 439 age-matched healthy controls. The genotyping was performed with Sequenom MassARRAY and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) in tumor tissues was measured by the immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. We found that rs3787016 TT genotype (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09-2.41, P = 0.018) was associated with an increased risk of female breast cancer, especially among the patients with premenopausal status (adjusted OR = 2.55, 95% CI = 1.30-4.97, P = 0.006). Moreover, a statistically significant increased risk of the rs3787016 TT genotype was observed among the patients with advanced tumor stage (Ⅲ and Ⅳ), poor histological grade (G3-G4), positive lymph node involvement, positive expression of ER and PR and negative expression of HER-2; rs7463708 GT and GT/GG genotype were associated with decreased risk of breast cancer in the subgroup of patients with postmenopausal status (GT versus (vs.) TT: adjusted OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.46-0.99, P = 0.043; GT/GG vs. TT: adjusted OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.47-0.98, P = 0.041) and tumor late-stage (GT vs. TT: adjusted OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.43-0.97, P = 0.037; GT/GG vs. TT: adjusted OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.44-0.96, P = 0.029). In short, rs3787016 TT genotype was associated with increased breast cancer risk and clinicopathologic features of the tumor, especially among premenopausal women.
Joint Modeling of News Reader’s and Comment Writer’s Emotions

Emotion classification can be generally done from both the writer’s and reader’s perspectives. In this study, we find that two foundational tasks in emotion classification, i.e., reader’s emotion classification on the news and writer’s emotion classification on the comments, are strongly related to each other in terms of coarse-grained emotion categories, i.e., negative and positive. On the basis, we propose a respective way to jointly model these two tasks. In particular, a cotraining algorithm is proposed to improve semi-supervised learning of the two tasks. Experimental evaluation shows the effectiveness of our joint modeling approach.
Effect of exponential and normal distributed speed and position for mobiles in ad hoc networks

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET) have been the focus of many recent research and development efforts because of the necessity of decentralized network configuration. Ad hoc networks are characterized by multi hop wireless connectivity and frequently changing network topology, which supports both mobile users and services. To facilitate communication in this dynamically changing network topology several routing protocols such as Dynamic Source Routing protocol, Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector protocol, and Destination Sequenced Distance Vector protocol, etc are proposed in the literature. Most of the research works are carried out by assuming random mobility models for speed and direction of the mobile. Such a model can generate an unrealistic behavior such as sudden stopping and turning. Later, researchers used uniform mobility models for both speed and position of the node. In this work, we have studied various mobility models, which are more realistic than the earlier assumptions. We have also investigated the effect of exponential and normal distribution models for mobiles speed and position. Based on our study, the throughput, end-to-end delay and the control overhead performance, it is found that the exponential model outperforms the uniform and normal models for a wide range of speeds.
Planktonic foraminifera as recorders of past surface-water stratification

The δ 18 O difference between shallow- and deep-living planktonic foraminifera is a proxy for the stratification of surface waters. In Holocene sediments from the Atlantic this difference increases from about 0‰ in subpolar regions to ∼3‰ in the tropics. The δ 18 O values of the shallow dwellers Globigerinoides sacculifer and Neogloboquadrina pachyderma mainly reflect surface-water conditions. The calcification depth of the deep-living species Globorotalia truncatulinoides (right-coiling) is affected by the stratification of the water column. In the subtropics, shell formation of G. truncatulinoides (right-coiling) begins in weakly stratified surface waters. In the tropics, the initial shell is secreted below the mixed layer. This hydrographically induced difference in calcification depth allows the use of the isotopic difference between G. truncatulinoides and the shallow species as a proxy for the stratification of surface waters. The Δδ 18 O between G. truncatulinoides and G. sacculifer from tropical gravity Core GeoB 1523-1 was significantly lower during isotope stage 2. This suggests that the glacial temperature stratification of western equatorial Atlantic surface waters was significantly reduced relative to the Holocene.
Relationship between parity and bone mass in postmenopausal women according to number of parities and age.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of multiple pregnancies on postmenopausal bone mineral density (BMD). STUDY DESIGN BMD at the femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) method. Diagnosis of osteoporosis (OP) was confirmed by World Health Organization criteria. Women were stratified according to number of parity as < 3, 4-7, and > 7 parity groups as well as in age groups of < 65 and 65 in age groups of < 65 and > or = 65 years. BMD values and frequency of OP were compared across the groups according to age. Multiple logistic regression analysis with calculation of adjusted odds ratio (OR) was used for association. RESULTS A total of 264 women with mean age of 63 +/- 8.7 and mean menopausal duration of 15.8 +/- 10.2 years were studied. LS-OP and FN-OP were observed in 28% and 58.3% of women, respectively. There were significant differences in BMD values across different parity groups at both sites of LS and FN (p = 0.011 and p = 0.036, respectively). Parity 4-7 (vs. < or = 3) increased BMD nonsignificantly, but > 7 significantly decreased LS-BMD and FN-BMD as compared with 0-7 parity (p = 0.006 and p = 0.009, respectively). Parity > 7 increased the risk of LS-OP by OR = 1.81 (95% CI 1.03-3.1, p = 0.037) and FN-OP by OR = 1.67 (95% CI 0.97-2.8, p = 0.063). In addition, women with high parity had lower BMD decline at LS and FN by age (> or = 65 vs. < 65 years) by 1.3% (p = 0.77) and -10.1% (p = 0.009) as compared with 0-7 parity group by -9.5% (p = 0.001) and -15% (p = 0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION Parity > 7 is associated with spinal trabecular bone loss in younger postmenopausal women as well as an osteoprotective effect against age-related bone loss, which counteracts the early negative effect. Therefore, parity should not be considered as a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
AES design space exploration new line for scan attack resiliency

Crypto-chips are vulnerable to side-channel attacks. Scan attack is one such side-channel attack which uses the scan-based DFT test infrastructure to leak the secret information of the crypto-chip. In the presence of scan, an attacker can run the chip in normal mode, and then by switching to the test mode, retrieve the intermediate results of the crypto-chip. Using only a few input-output pairs one can retrieve the entire secret key. Almost all the scan attacks on AES crypto-chip use the same iterative 128-bit AES design where the round register is placed exactly after the round operation. However, the attack potency may vary depending on the design of AES. In this work, we consider various designs of AES. We shed light on the impact of design style on the scan attack. We also consider response compaction in our analysis. We show that certain design decisions deliver inherent resistance to scan attack.
Resource management in the Mungi single-address-space operating system

We present the accounting system used for backing store management in the Mungi single-address-space operating system. The model is designed such that all accounting can be done asynchronously to operations on storage objects, and hence without slowing down such operations. It is based on bank accounts from which rent is collected for the storage occupied by objects. Rent automatically increases as available storage runs low, forcing users to release unneeded storage. Bank accounts receive regular income. A taxation system is used to prevent excessive buildup of funds on underutilised accounts. The accounting system is mostly implemented at user level, with minimal support from the kernel. As a consequence, the accounting model can be changed without modifying the Mungi kernel.
Interrelation between renal transport systems of magnesium and calcium.

Infusion of magnesium chloride markedly increased the excretion of calcium in dogs. A slight but significant increase in the excretion of magnesium occurred following the infusion of calcium chloride. Utilizing the stop-flow technique it was noted that magnesium and calcium achieved minimal concentration ratios in the distal segments of the nephron. Infusion of magnesium chloride during stop-flow studies increased U/PCa/U/PCr ratios both in the proximal and distal samples. These observations support the postulate that magnesium and calcium compete for a common reabsorptive system in the renal tubules. In several stop-flow experiments Mg28 and Ca45 were injected along with inulin 1 or 2 minutes before releasing the ureteral occlusion. Mg28 and Ca45 appeared simultaneously in the urine prior to the appearance of inulin, suggesting transtubular flux of these cations. Such observations, while indicating bidirectional movement of these ions across the tubular epithelium, do not imply active or net secretion.
School Inputs and Educational Outcomes in South Africa

We examine the relationship between educational inputs—primarily pupilteacher ratios—and school outcomes in South Africa immediately before the end of apartheid government. Black households were severely limited in their residential choice under apartheid and attended schools for which funding decisions were made centrally, by White-controlled entities over which they had no control. The allocations resulted in marked disparities in average class sizes. Controlling for household background variables, we find strong and significant effects of pupilteacher ratios on enrollment, on educational achievement, and on test scores for numeracy.
Benzo ( a ) pyrene inhibits the role of the bioturbator Tubifex tubifex in river sediment biogeochemistry

To cite this version: Mermillod-Blondin, Florian and Foulquier, Arnaud and Gilbert, Franck and Navel, Simon and Montuelle, Bernard and Bellvert, Floriant and Comte, Gilles and Grossi, Vincent and Fourel, François and Lecuyer, Christophe and Simon, Laurent Benzo(a)pyrene inhibits the role of the bioturbator Tubifex tubifex in river sediment biogeochemistry. (2013) Science of the Total Environment, vol 450-451 . pp. 230-241. ISSN 0048-9697! Open Archive Toulouse Archive Ouverte (OATAO) OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible.
Detection and Management of Depression in Patients with Vision Impairment

Purpose. Depression is common in people with vision impairment and has a number of debilitating effects. However, it is often not identified and therefore is left untreated. This study aimed to explore eye healthcare professionals' views of depression in patients with vision impairment and identify current management practices and barriers to effective care. Methods. Six focus groups and two semistructured interviews were conducted with 26 staff members from a large tertiary eye care hospital. Participants included orthoptists, ophthalmic nurses, and support staff. The data were analyzed using an inductive analytical approach based on the constant comparative method. Results. Participants reported relying mainly on observational cues of patients' behavior or using other indirect methods to identify depression. On the basis of these observations, they acknowledged that the prevalence of depression in visually impaired patients at the hospital was high and believed it impacts negatively on patients' practical and emotional functioning. Few reported overtly discussing depression with patients. Responses to suspected depression varied according to individual staff knowledge of resources or referral options. Various barriers to adequate management of depression were identified, including confusion over roles and responsibilities, and unclear communication pathways between staff. Participants were enthusiastic about resolving these obstacles and establishing clear pathways to care both within the hospital and in the wider community. They were also receptive to receiving training and education about depression, with specific reference to the visually impaired population. Conclusions. There is considerable scope and enthusiasm for improving depression management in this tertiary eye care facility. The results may not, however, be generalizable to all ophthalmic settings. New initiatives need to be tailored to suit implementation within such ophthalmic services.
An Introduction to the J-TRE Environment and its Features

Common timeline-based planners are defined as complex software environments suitable for generating planning applications, but quite heavy to foster research work on specific open issues. The J-TRE environment represents a general architecture for timeline-based reasoning that brings together key aspects of such reasoning leaving freedom to specific implementations on both constraint reasoning engines and resolution heuristics. The effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed approach is demonstrated by two real-world applications, based on the J-TRE framework, both in a classical space domain and in a totally novel e-learning domain.
Quantitative HRTEM analysis of FIB prepared specimens

The preparation of good transmission electron microscopy specimens with minimum milling damage can be very complicated, especially from a specific area in a sample. Therefore, a novel approach for transmission electron microscopy specimen preparation using a focused ion beam system is proposed, based on the use of low energy (5 kV)Ga ions and a low incident ion angle (∼1°) from a thickness of ∼500 nm until the sample is electron transparent. Transmission electron microscopy specimens prepared by this method have significantly less irradiation damage, demonstrated by successful quantitative high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy conducted on sapphire from data acquired using an aberration‐corrected field emission gun transmission electron microscopy. Quantitative analysis was conducted by iterative digital image matching. The accuracy and sensitivity of the matching process is discussed.
Visual Gyroscope for Accurate Orientation Estimation

A visual gyroscope is a device which estimates camera 3D rotation using image input, in our case a monocular video. Contrary to traditional Structure-From-Motion (SFM) or visual SLAM, we address the case where only the rotation must be found, whereas no translation estimate is desired. That case can be solved without computing an explicit 3D map of the environment, thus avoiding computationally expensive bundle adjustment. Instead, a simple linear method is used to obtain globally consistent rotations from relative rotation estimates between image pairs. We show that the obtained camera orientations are accurate w.r. t. ground truth collected with a navigation-grade (dGPS-supported) IMU, and reach 3D bearing errors below 1 over a 1-minute time interval for >90% of all cases. Efficient computation is achieved by employing GPU-enabled feature extraction and matching. To warrant on-line performance for sequences of arbitrary lengths we run the global rotation estimation in a sliding-window fashion and show that the accuracy of the camera orientations obtained by chaining the partial solutions stays high. Finally, we compare the proposed visual gyroscope to a publicly available SFM software and experimentally demonstrate the importance of a very large field-of-view for accurate rotation estimation.
Investigation of Fault Detection Methods in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of distributed embedded wireless devices that are used to monitor environmental conditions such as temperature, pressure, sound, etc. Some common characteristics of WSNs are their constrained resources and the fact that they are often deployed in harsh and hostile environments. The sensor nodes of the network can suffer from several faults which could be cause by the environment or from a node malfunction. One consequence of a fault may be the degradation of the communication between the nodes which may affect the whole network topology. For this reason, fault detection is significant for the proper function of a WSN. However, the classical fault detection mechanisms used in regular computer networks cannot be used by WSNs due to constrained resources and extended communication cost, making fault detection a more complex procedure. The resource constrained nature of a WSN calls for an energy-efficient protocol which will achieve the required performance level of the sensor, consuming the least possible amount of energy. A protocol like this can offer extended lifetime to the network and satisfying performance. The faults which may appear are numerous and there are several ways to classify them. There are many scientific articles focusing on fault detection in WSNs, but they do not include the energy-efficiency factor. The intention of this project is to make an analysis of fault detection methods according to their energy-efficiency and overall performance. This analysis is based on existing scientific literature about fault detection techniques on WSNs. Charalampos Orfanidis iv Acknowledgements I would like to thank Nicola Dragoni and Yue Zhang for being my supervisors and guide me through this research. Also, I would like to thank my family for supporting me with every possible manner. Special thanks to Efstratia, for being patient with me during this project and supporting all my crazy ideas. Cheers to Hans-Jacob Sørensen Enemark for the helpful discussions we had in the lab. Special thanks to all of my friends. Finally, very special thanks to Dr. Fafoutis who taught me how to do research and gave the opportunity to work in research for the first time.
The Chemical Evolution of the Ocean

The paper was suggested by the chemical character of the deeper mineral waters of Keweenaw Point. The fundamental ideas were stated years ago, by T. Sterry Hunt, who called attention to the fact that in the Canadian Paleozoics there is less sodium in proportion to the chlorine than in the present ocean. The same fact is true of the deeper waters, both in upper and lower Michigan. Not only so, but taking the lowest sodium chlorine ratio, which generally comes from the deepest, or one of the deepest, wells found in any water of a given geological horizon, it appears that the older this formation, the lower the ratio. The ratio of sodium to chlorine varies from 0.468 at Big Rapids, to 0.084 near the bottom of the Tamarack Mine.
Haptic Gaze-Tracking Based Perception of Graphical User Interfaces

This paper presents a novel human-computer interface that enables the computer display to be perceived without any use of the eyes. Our system works by tracking the user's head position and orientation to obtain their 'gaze' point on a virtual screen, and by indicating to the user what object is present at the gaze location via haptic feedback to the fingers and synthetic speech or Braille text. This is achieved by using the haptic vibration frequency delivered to the fingers to indicate the type of screen object at the gaze position, and the vibration amplitude to indicate the screen object's window-layer, when the object is contained in overlapping windows. Also, objects that are gazed at momentarily have their name output to the user via a Braille display or synthetic speech. Our experiments have shown that by browsing over the screen and receiving haptic and voice (or Braille) feedback in this manner, the user is able to acquire a mental two-dimensional representation of the virtual screen and its content without any use of the eyes. This form of blind screen perception can then be used to locate screen objects and controls and manipulate them with the mouse or via gaze control. Our experimental results are provided in which we demonstrate how this form of blind screen perception can effectively be used to exercise point-and-click and drag-and-drop control of desktop objects and open windows by using the mouse, or the user's head pose, without any use of the eyes.
Molecular Differences and Similarities Between Alzheimer’s Disease and the 5XFAD Transgenic Mouse Model of Amyloidosis

Transgenic (Tg) mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been extensively used to study the pathophysiology of this dementia and to test the efficacy of drugs to treat AD. The 5XFAD Tg mouse, which contains two presenilin-1 and three amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutations, was designed to rapidly recapitulate a portion of the pathologic alterations present in human AD. APP and its proteolytic peptides, as well as apolipoprotein E and endogenous mouse tau, were investigated in the 5XFAD mice at 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months. AD and nondemented subjects were used as a frame of reference. APP, amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, APP C-terminal fragments (CT99, CT83, AICD), β-site APP-cleaving enzyme, and APLP1 substantially increased with age in the brains of 5XFAD mice. Endogenous mouse tau did not show age-related differences. The rapid synthesis of Aβ and its impact on neuronal loss and neuroinflammation make the 5XFAD mice a desirable paradigm to model AD.