Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On a quadrature algorithm for the piecewise linear wavelet collocation applied to boundary integral equations

In this paper, we consider a piecewise linear collocation method for the solution of a pseudo‐differential equation of order r=0, −1 over a closed and smooth boundary manifold. The trial space is the space of all continuous and piecewise linear functions defined over a uniform triangular grid and the collocation points are the grid points. For the wavelet basis in the trial space we choose the three‐point hierarchical basis together with a slight modification near the boundary points of the global patches of parametrization. We choose linear combinations of Dirac delta functionals as wavelet basis in the space of test functionals. For the corresponding wavelet algorithm, we show that the parametrization can be approximated by low‐order piecewise polynomial interpolation and that the integrals in the stiffness matrix can be computed by quadrature, where the quadrature rules are composite rules of simple low‐order quadratures. The whole algorithm for the assembling of the matrix requires no more than O(N [logN]3) arithmetic operations, and the error of the collocation approximation, including the compression, the approximative parametrization, and the quadratures, is less than O(N−(2−r)/2). Note that, in contrast to well‐known algorithms by Petersdorff, Schwab, and Schneider, only a finite degree of smoothness is required. In contrast to an algorithm of Ehrich and Rathsfeld, no multiplicative splitting of the kernel function is required. Beside the usual mapping properties of the integral operator in low order Sobolev spaces, estimates of Calderón–Zygmund type are the only assumptions on the kernel function. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dielectric spectroscopy analysis of the h-BN ceramic

In this paper, we report the dielectric spectroscopy of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) ceramic which has been widely used due to a very low dielectric coefficient. In order to obtain the relaxation time distributions of h-BN, the Havriliak–Negami empirical equation is selected to analyse the measured dielectric data due to the Cole–Cole plots of h-BN samples. In the processes of solving the empirical equation, a nonlinear least-square technique is used and the boundary condition for unknown parameters in the equation is defined. The relaxation time and its distribution parameters are obtained by this method. The polarization mechanisms are also discussed based on the obtained relaxation time distributions. This research may be helpful for applications of h-BN ceramic.
A Blockchain-Based Scheme for Secure Data Provenance in Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), provenance is vital for assessing data's trustworthiness, detecting the misbehaviors conducted by adversaries or troubleshooting communication failures. The provenance can be encoded through fingerprinting the node IDs along a packet path where the packets are generated, forwarded and/or aggregated. Because WSNs are resource-tightened networks, most of the known provenance schemes applied in WSNs address the issues on how to reduce the provenance size with various compression techniques only. However, reducing the provenance size at a sensor node also costs too much energy. In addition, such schemes did not take the secure and persistant provenance storage for consideration in a long term. To fill the gap, we propose a blockchainbased data provenance scheme (BCP) of compression free, where the provenances are stored distributively on the nodes along the packet path and the BS can retrieve the provenance on demand through a query process. An edge computing based monitor network consisting of high performance nodes (H-nodes) is deployed above or nearby the WSNs, which keeps the WSN's provenance data in a blockchain-based database. The security and authenticity of the provenances are then protected. What's more, the WSN is released from consuming much energy in handling provenance data, which is more superior to all the previous schemes. Both the simulation and experiment results show that our scheme BCP is more energy efficient and secure than those of the known distributed data provenances.
The Distance and Milliarcsecond Radio Structure of Scorpius X-1

From three VLBA observations at 5 GHz, taken over 13 months, we have measured the trigonometric parallax of Sco X-1 as 0. ″00023 ± 0. ″00028; hence, its distance is greater than 1300 pc. This supports the hypothesis that Sco X-1 radiates at or near the Eddington limit at the transition point between the normal and flaring branches of the X-ray color-color diagram. These results suggest that Sco X-1 and other Z-type quasi-periodic oscillators have a well defined luminosity and can be used as X-ray standard candles. All three VLBA observations contain a radio core of flux density 0.5 mJy and size greater than 4 mas. However, the third VLBA observation revealed two additional radio components (separated by 12 mas and on opposite sides of the radio core) not present in the two previous observations. The evolution of these two components will remain unknown until multiepoch radio imaging and coordinated radio and X-ray total flux density measurements can be made.
The Australian National Beamline Facility at the Photon Factory (abstract)

The Australian National Beamline Facility has been installed at the Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Japan. The construction and operation of the facility has been funded by a consortium of Australian research organizations, universities, and government funding agencies, with the aim of providing Australian scientists with routine access to synchrotron radiation in the hard‐x‐ray region. The first experiments were performed at the ANBF in November 1992. The facility consists of a general purpose x‐ray‐beamline, including a simple two‐crystal monochromator, delivering either monochromatic x rays (range 5–20 keV) or white radiation to the experimental hutch. The main experimental instrument, a multiconfiguration diffractometer, has recently been installed at the beamline. This unique instrument combines vacuum operation and imaging plate detectors, and can be configured for high‐resolution powder diffraction (including a time resolved mode), protein crystallography, and triple‐axis experiments. In addition, the whi.
Ecological Bias: Use of Maximum‐Entropy Approximations

The focus of geographical studies in epidemiology has recently moved towards looking for effects of exposures based on data taken at local levels of aggregation (i.e. small areas). This paper investigates how regression coefficients measuring covariate effects at the point level are modified under aggregation. Changing the level of aggregation can lead to completely different conclusions about exposure–effect relationships, a phenomenon often referred to as ecological bias. With partial knowledge of the within‐area distribution of the exposure variable, the notion of maximum entropy can be used to approximate that part of the distribution that is unknown. From the approximation, an expression for the ecological bias is obtained; simulations and an example show that the maximum‐entropy approximation is often better than other commonly used approximations.
Reputation and Incentive Mechanism for SDN Applications

Software Defined Networking (SDN) decouples the control plane from the data plane, which increases network scalability and flexibility. But malicious applications on SDN controller can cause the entire network to crash. So, we design a reputation and incentive mechanism on SDN to reduce application's malicious access. In the proposed module, first of all, the application behavior is analyzed and the malicious accesses are identified, which are used to build the reputation and incentive mechanism. Second, the analysis results of the application behavior are combined through beta probability density to obtain the reputation rating. The reward or punishment will be given based on the behavior and reputation of the application under the selected social strategy. Simulation results show that the system can accurately identify malicious behavior and reduce malicious requests, with an acceptable runtime overhead about 300 microseconds.
ROBUST REGRESSION FOR FUNCTIONAL TIME SERIES DATA

We propose a family of robust nonparametric estimators for regression function based on the kernel method. We establish the almost complete convergence rate of these estimators under the α-mixing assumption and on the concentration properties on small balls of the probability measure of the functional regressors. Some applications to physics real data have been made. These results are extensions to dependent data of the results given by Azzedine et al. (2008).
Asymptotic behavior of solutions of linear stochastic differential systems

Following Kasminski, we investigate asymptotic behavior of solutions of linear time-independent Ito equations. We first give a sufficient condition for asymptotic stability of the zero solution. Then in dimension 2 we determine conditions for spiraling at a linear rate. Finally we give applications to the Cauchy problem for the associated parabolic equation by the use of a tauberian theorem. Introduction. Consider a system of linear, constant coefficients differential equations dx. I (0. 1) -d=Ebxj x. (I 01, he gave a necessary and sufficient condition that r(t) 0 a.s. when t -->. He did not examine, however, the behavior of {X(t), t > 01. The first study of the angular behavior in the case 1 2 Received by the editors March 13, 1972, AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 60H10, 60J60; Secondary 34D05, 34A30, 34C05.
Stability Test for Complex Matrices Over the Complex Unit Circumference via LMIs and Applications in 2D Systems

This paper addresses the problem of establishing whether a matrix with rational dependence on a complex parameter and its conjugate is Hurwitz (i.e., has all eigenvalues with negative real part) over the complex unit circumference. A necessary and sufficient condition is proposed, which requires testing stability of a constant matrix and feasibility of a linear matrix inequality (LMI). Moreover, the numerical complexity of the proposed approach is investigated in terms of size and number of free scalar variables of the LMI by deriving their formulas as functions of the problem data. Also, it is shown that the numerical complexity may be significantly reduced without introducing approximations or conservatism whenever some symmetry properties are satisfied. Lastly, the extension of the proposed approach to the case of Schur stability (i.e., eigenvalues with magnitude smaller than one) and D-stability (i.e., eigenvalues on special regions of the complex plane) are presented. The proposed approach is illustrated by some numerical examples that also show its application to stability analysis of 2D systems with mixed signals.
Design of Backbone Fiber Optical Networks with Using EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) in Sleman District

EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier) is an amplifier where EDFA material consists of glass materials such as Er, SiO, and GeO. Erbium (Er) is a class of lanthanides in which this section is suitable as an active ingredient in solid state lasers. In this research, we do the design of fiber optic backbone network using EDFA in Sleman District. This research was conducted to find out how much EDFA needed to reach the transmission distance of 146,25 km. In addition, another purpose of this research is to know the design that has been fulfilled the needs of fiber optic network, based on data transmission distance and performance parameters such as Power Received at −7 to −30 dBm, Q Factor minimum 6, BER (Bit Error Rate) $\pmb{\leq 10-9}$, and minimum OSNR (Optical Signal to Noise Ratio) 13.5 dB. The method used is to calculate the maximum distance of transmission before and after using the amplifier. Then perform performance parameter calculations before and after the addition of EDFA. Before using EDFA various performance parameters have not met the standard, but after application of EDFA as Booster Amplifier for downstream transmission and Pre-Amplifier for upstream transmission, performance parameters have met the standard. After performing the calculation, it takes 1 set of EDFA with maximum range of 152 km. This means it is able to meet the needs of fiber-optic network of Sleman District based data transmission distance. In this design also requires EDFA to meet the performance standards.
Managing two-stage serial inventory systems under demand and supply uncertainty and customer service level requirements

We consider a two-echelon serial inventory system with demand and supply uncertainty, non-zero lead times for component procurement and end-product assembly, and a minimum customer service level requirement. We present two supply models which incorporate both quantity and timing uncertainty; these models correspond to current and proposed supply environments. Assuming that installation base-stock ordering policies are followed and that the demand distribution is quasi-concave, we show that the chance-constrained problem of determining optimal base-stock levels which minimize the total inventory investment (cost-weighted stock levels) subject to a service constraint is a convex programming problem. We characterize the relation between the optimal base-stock levels of the component and the end-product. We also illustrate how an optimal internal (component) service level can be computed, which permits decomposition of the two-stage serial system into two coordinated single-echelon systems. Computational experiments illustrate insights on the effects of supply uncertainty and other problem parameters on stock-positioning in a two-echelon serial system. In particular, we evaluate the benefits of switching from one supply environment to another.
Effects of Floating-Ring Seal Clearance on the Pump Performance for Turbopumps

Pumps for a turbopumpgenerally operate under high rotational speeds and large-head-rise conditions. Therefore, reliability is a prime design requirement. Floating-ring seals are frequently employed in a turbopump because of robustness despite relatively high leakage losses. A number of studies have been performed on the floating-ring seal itself, but the effects of the floating-ring seal on the performance of the whole pump are not widely studied, in spite of their importance. The effects of floating-ring seal clearance on the hydraulic and suction performances of a pumpare investigated byboth experimental and computationalmethods in the present study.The experimental results showed that the head rise and the efficiency increased as the floating-ring seal clearance decreased. The results also showed that the leakageflow injected into the inducer inlet enhanced the suction performance of the pumpbydiminishing the size of the backflows. The strength of the backflow becomes weak as the injected leakage flow at the inducer inlet prevents the flow from prerotation.
NASA's Ultraviolet Astrophysics Branch: the next decade

We review some of the mission concepts currently being considered by NASA's Astrophysics Division to carry out future observations in the 100 - 3000 angstroms region. Examples of possible future missions include UV & visible interferometric experiments, a next generation Space Telescope and lunar-based UV instrumentation. In order to match these science objectives of these future missions with new observational techniques, critical technology needs in the ultraviolet regime have been identified. Here we describe how NASA's Astrophysics Division Advanced Programs Branch is attempting to formulate an integrated technology plan called the 'Astrotech 21' program in order to provide the technology base for these astrophysics missions of the 21st century.
Gyrocenter-gauge kinetic algorithm for high frequency waves in magnetized plasmas

A kinetic simulation algorithm for high-frequency electromagnetic waves has been developed based on the gyrocenter-gauge kinetic theory. The magnetized plasma system is simulated in the gyrocenter coordinate system. The gyrocenter distribution function F is sampled on the gyrocenter, parallel velocity, and magnetic moment coordinates. The gyrocenter-gauge function S is sampled on the Kruskal rings and shares the first five coordinates with F. The moment integral of pullback transformation is directly calculated using the Monte Carlo method and an explicit difference scheme for Maxwell’s equations in terms of potentials is adopted. The new algorithm has been successfully applied to the simulation studies of high frequency extraordinary wave, electron Bernstein wave, and the mode conversion process between the extraordinary wave and the electron Bernstein wave in inhomogeneous plasmas.
Oversampling Imbalance Data: Case Study on Functional and Non Functional Requirement

Non-functional requirements are one of the important factors that have a role to determine the success of software development. This factor is usually often ignored by developers because it is difficult to identify. Difficulties in identifying non-functional requirements carry a negative impact affecting software quality. A new framework is needed to identify non-functional requirements. The existing approach has not been able to properly identify non-functional requirements in case studies of data imbalance. Data imbalance may affect the performance of classification methods. Therefore, this study proposes a comparison of three methods namely RF, KNN and SVM using SMOTE. In this research, The total dataset used is 1366 requirements. The dataset includes unbalanced data, which consists of 1141 functional requirements and 225 non-functional requirements. The result of this research prove that data imbalance cause decreases the accuracy. This is evidenced by testing using three methods namely SVM, KNN, and RF. All three methods have the highest accuracy value in minority class 100%. While the best method with the highest accuracy value obtained by SVM because it proved to have better performance than KNN, and RF in terms of data imbalance with 100% minority class.
Comparison of different methods for state estimation

Ill-conditioning in the gain matrix of the classical normal-equations-approach for state estimation has created a numerical stability problem for large power systems. Several methods have been proposed to circumvent the problem. A comparative study of five methods, namely, the normal equations method, the orthogonal transformation method, the hybrid method, normal equations with constraints, and Hachtel's augmented matrix method for state estimation has been conducted. The comparison is made in terms of their (i) numerical stability, (ii) computational efficiency, and (iii) implementation complexity. A theoretical analysis indicates that the orthogonal transformation method is numerically most stable. But the orthogonal transformation method cannot be implemented in the efficient fast decoupled version. It is shown that the hybrid method and Hachtel's method are both good compromises between numerical stability and computational efficiency. >
Are predicted superluminal tunneling times an artifact of using the nonrelativistic Schrödinger equation?

For many approaches to timing electrons scattering from an electrostatic potential barrier there are simple realistic situations, involving barrier heights and incident electron kinetic energies both many orders of magnitude less than the rest energy mc2, for which the calculated mean transmission times imply superluminal velocities. The question of whether or not this is an artifact of using the nonrelativistic Schrödinger equation is investigated for the Bohm trajectory and Salecker‐Wigner quantum clock approaches.
Photoelectron spectra enhanced by x‐ray total reflection and diffraction from periodic multilayer

Photoelectron spectra from a periodic multilayer of (Mo/B4C)30/Si were measured by changing the x‐ray glancing angle. The angular dependencies of the photoelectron intensities of O 1s and Mo 3d revealed the atomic depth profiles of the Mo oxide overlayer, and the compositions of the MoO3 upper layer and MoO2 lower layer. Furthermore, we observed enhancement of photoelectron emission by means of x‐ray standing waves generated near the multilayer surface during x‐ray diffraction from the superlattice.
Robustness Against Inequality of Variances

Summary Various asymptotic-based criteria are used to assess the robustness against inhomogeneity of variance of various standard and/or distribution-free tests in the two sample problem. The extent of robustness is influenced greatly by the equality or not of the two sample sizes, conforming to an earlier principle of G. E. P. Box. With equal sample sizes, t-tests and related trimmed-mean-like tests are robust, but otherwise, the sign test emerges clearly as the most robust test to variance inequality.
A New Blind Source Separation Algorithm in Application of Over-Determined Mode under Lower SNR

The paper proposes a new BSS algorithm based on the second-order statistics. By jointly diagonalizing the time delay correlation matrix of the observed signals and using the improved new non-orthogonal joint diagonalization (NOJD) method, a better solution is achieved. The proposed algorithm can successfully separate communication signals under SNR as low as 10dB and the over-determined mode regardless of the signals’ modulation methods. Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR) is used to prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the classical Second-Order Blind Identification (SOBI).
Sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanines for two-photon photodynamic cancer therapy: the effect of the excitation wavelength

Sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcS) is a well-studied photosensitizer which has been widely used in research and in clinical applications of the photodynamic therapy of cancers. Conventionally, one-photon excitation was used, but it was unknown whether two-photon excitation of AlPcS was equally effective. In this study, the two-photon absorption cross sections of AlPcS at near infrared wavelengths were deduced from femtosecond (fs) laser-induced fluorescence. We found that the two-photon absorption cross section of AlPcS was strongly dependent on the excitation wavelength. It was about 19 GM when excited at 800 nm, but grew to 855 GM when excited at 750 nm. The 750 nm fs-laser-induced fluorescence images of AlPcS in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were clearly visible while the corresponding images were very dim when excited at 800 nm. Singlet oxygen production was 13 times higher when excited at 750 nm relative to 800 nm. Our subsequent in vitro experiments showed that 750 nm two-photon excitation with an unfocused fs laser beam damaged cancer cells in a light-dose-dependent manner typical of photodynamic therapy (PDT). The killing at 750 nm was about 9–10 times more efficient than at 800 nm. These results demonstrated for the first time that AlPcS has good potential for two-photon PDT of cancers.