Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Information diffusion model for spread of misinformation in online social networks

With the advent of Web 2.0, social networks have become an important medium for dissemination of information in the Internet. The process of information dissemination in social networks has been studied using a number of information diffusion models. Due to the collaborative nature of the networks and limited accountability of the users, the media is often misused for spread of rumours and misinformation. In this paper, we have a proposed a novel information diffusion model for the spread of misinformation using Evolutionary game theory and Evolutionary graph theory. The proposed model could be used to analyse as well as predict the spread of misinformation. It also provides a framework to study the effects of multiple campaigns in the network which would enable us to estimate the efficacy of launching counter campaigns against the spread of misinformation. We have used extensive simulation to support our claim.
Relative attribute guided dictionary learning

A discriminative dictionary learning algorithm is proposed to find sparse signal representations using relative attributes as the available semantic information. In contrast, existing (discriminative) dictionary learning (DDL) approaches mostly utilize binary label information to enhance the discriminative property of the signal reconstruction residual, the sparse coding vectors or both. Compared to binary attributes or labels, relative attributes contain richer semantic information where the data is annotated with the attributes' strength. In this paper we use the relative attributes of training data indirectly to learn a discriminative dictionary. Precisely, we incorporate a rank function for the attributes in the dictionary learning process. In order to assess the quality of the obtained signals, we apply k-means clustering and measure the clustering performance. Experimental results conducted on three datasets, namely the PubFig [1], OSR [2] and Shoes [3] confirm that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art label based dictionary learning algorithms.
Coalition formation with local public goods and group-size effect

Many public goods that are provided by coalitions have a group-size effect. Namely, people prefer to consume a public good in a larger coalition. This paper studies local public goods games with anonymous and separable group-size effect. The core is nonempty when coalition feasible sets are monotonic and players’ preferences over public goods satisfy a condition called cardinal connectedness. Moreover, a core allocation consists of connected coalitions.
TOWARDS A COMPARISON OF SPACEBORNE AND GROUND-BASED SPECTRODIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE DATA

Almost all natural surfaces exhibit an individual anisotropic reflectance be haviour due to the contrast between the optical properties of surface elements and background and the geometric surface properties of the observed scene. The resulting bidirectional effects are present in all reflectance data and thus occur as well in various vegetation indices (VI’s) retrieved from multiangular data. No matter whether these effects are considered as noise or as a source of additional information, accurate knowledge about their magnitude is important. This preliminary study is based on data of the spacebo rne ESA-mission CHRIS (Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) onboard PROBA-1 and on ground-based spectrodirectional measurements performed with the dual view field goniometer system FIGOS. The objectives of this study are focused on directional effects in CHRIS and FIGOS reflectance data of a Triticale field as well as on the variability of retrieved vegetation indices for selected view angles in both multiangular datasets.
On Synthesizing Code from Free-Form Queries

We present a new code assistance tool for integrated development environments. Our system accepts free-form queries allowing a mixture of English and Java as an input, and produces Java code fragments that take the query into account and respect syntax, types, and scoping rules of Java as well as statistical usage patterns. The returned results need not have the structure of any previously seen code fragment. As part of our system we have constructed a probabilistic context free grammar for Java constructs and library invocations, as well as an algorithm that uses a customized natural language processing tool chain to extract information from free-form text queries. We present the results on a number of examples showing that our technique can tolerate much of the flexibility present in natural language, and can also be used to repair incorrect Java expressions that contain useful information about the developer's intent.
Plant Invasions Associated with Change in Root-Zone Microbial Community Structure and Diversity

The importance of plant-microbe associations for the invasion of plant species have not been often tested under field conditions. The research sought to determine patterns of change in microbial communities associated with the establishment of invasive plants with different taxonomic and phenetic traits. Three independent locations in Virginia, USA were selected. One site was invaded by a grass (Microstegium vimineum), another by a shrub (Rhamnus davurica), and the third by a tree (Ailanthus altissima). The native vegetation from these sites was used as reference. 16S rRNA and ITS regions were sequenced to study root-zone bacterial and fungal communities, respectively, in invaded and non-invaded samples and analyzed using Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME). Though root-zone microbial community structure initially differed across locations, plant invasion shifted communities in similar ways. Indicator species analysis revealed that Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) closely related to Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Ascomycota increased in abundance due to plant invasions. The Hyphomonadaceae family in the Rhodobacterales order and ammonia-oxidizing Nitrospirae phylum showed greater relative abundance in the invaded root-zone soils. Hyphomicrobiaceae, another bacterial family within the phyla Proteobacteria increased as a result of plant invasion, but the effect associated most strongly with root-zones of M. vimineum and R. davurica. Functional analysis using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) showed bacteria responsible for nitrogen cycling in soil increased in relative abundance in association with plant invasion. In agreement with phylogenetic and functional analyses, greater turnover of ammonium and nitrate was associated with plant invasion. Overall, bacterial and fungal communities changed congruently across plant invaders, and support the hypothesis that nitrogen cycling bacteria and functions are important factors in plant invasions. Whether the changes in microbial communities are driven by direct plant microbial interactions or a result of plant-driven changes in soil properties remains to be determined.
Inhibitory effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice

A B S T R A C T Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is considered as a rich source of active phenolic compounds and terpenes, responsible for various desirable physiological activities. The present study aimed to investigate the hepatopreventive and anticancer effects of rosemary methanolic extract against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice. Animals were randomly assigned to four groups of equal number and weight. Group I, kept as a normal control group; Group II, Positive control group infected with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell line by intraperitoneal injection 1X10 6 cells / mouse, Groups III, Pre-treatment group, mice were pretreated with rosemary volatile oil for 8 days(320 mg/kg BW), then at the 9th day, they were infected with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell line(1x106 cells/ mouse) . Group IV, Post-treatment group, mice were infected first with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell line, then treatment with rosemary volatile oil with the same dose with group III. Phenolic compounds and Flavonoids were fractionated and identified by HPLC, DPPH free radical scavenging assay. The following biological parameters were investigated: Liver function tests (ALT, AST, Albumin, T-bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase), Serum MDA, GSH, TAC, and SOD, complete blood count, as well as histopathological examination for liver and kidney. Results showed that, α-pinene was the predominant phenolic compound (49.77%) in the methanolic extract. The three major phenolic constituents were Cinnamic acid, vanailic acid and ferulic acid at concentrations of 192.929, 152.607 and 76.876 mg/100g rosemary, respectively. Administration with Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (Ehrlich group) had negatively affected the hematological parameters antioxidant activity. Rosemary extract was found to increase significantly the Hb, RBCs count and Hct and decreased WBCs count, also caused significant attenuation of liver enzymes ALT, AST, ALK with improvement of serum albumin and bilirubin in both rosemary-treated groups. Rosemary extract caused significant improvement in the redox state in the form of reduction in MDA with enhancing the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), GSH, SOD and catalase enzymes activities. In addition, pretreatment with rosemary had a powerful effect than post-treatment. The observed reduction of tumor volume, tumor cell count, was shown in Ehrlich + Rosemary group and in Rosemary + Ehrlich group in comparison with Ehrlich group. In conclusion, treatment Ehrlich group with Rosemary possessd marked improvement but not matched with the control or Rosemary-treated groups. ositive. One case attempted to miscarriage while one decided to continue the pregnancy.
Adaptive Agent for Player-Specific Fitness and Health Incentives in Mobile Location Based Games

As location-based mobile games become more popular, movement becomes an integral part of game play. This provides an opportunity for the game to influence player behavior in the real world, potentially inducing more physical activity (and better health) through intelligent adaptation of the game mechanic. We describe the application of Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) to model the player's behavior in a custom-built location-based zombie fighting game. The game agent uses this model - a user specific optimal policy (USOP) - to adjust the game behavior to encourage as much game play as possible. Our experiments with human subjects showed that game play time was indeed increased over the control condition. We look at how games can be used to model user behavior and then unobtrusively effect agent-determined behavioral change.
Automated Face Tracking And Recognition

ix 1. A REVIEW OF FACE TRACKING AND RECOGNITION . 1 1.
3D face reconstruction from one side-view face images

This paper presents a 3D face reconstruction method from one side-view face images. In order to reconstruct 3D face, Structure from Motion (SfM) method, which has widely used to reconstruct 3D face, and bilateral symmetry of human face are used. In the experiments, the reconstructed 3D facial shape is quantitatively compared with the 3D facial shape obtained from a 3D scanner, and the results show that the proposed method is very useful to reconstruct an accurate 3D face when only one side-view face images are available.
Conceptual and Procedural Knowledge of a Mathematics Problem : Their Measurement and Their Causal Interrelations

Some learning theories see conceptual knowledge as a source of children’s procedural knowledge. Others assume the opposite to be true or posit bi-directional causal relations. Empirical tests of these assumptions are hampered by the lack of knowledge on how to obtain valid measures of these two constructs. We assessed four different measures of both constructs before and after an intervention and modelled the two kinds of knowledge as underlying latent factors in SEM. This enabled us to test the quality of our measures as well as the adequacy of the above-mentioned assumptions. Conceptual knowledge was a source of children’s procedural knowledge, but not vice versa. In contrast to procedural knowledge, conceptual knowledge could be assessed with high internal consistency.
The Cladosporium fulvum Virulence Protein Avr2 Inhibits Host Proteases Required for Basal Defense[W][OA]

Cladosporium fulvum (syn. Passalora fulva) is a biotrophic fungal pathogen that causes leaf mold of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). During growth in the apoplast, the fungus establishes disease by secreting effector proteins, 10 of which have been characterized. We have previously shown that the Avr2 effector interacts with the apoplastic tomato Cys protease Rcr3, which is required for Cf-2–mediated immunity. We now show that Avr2 is a genuine virulence factor of C. fulvum. Heterologous expression of Avr2 in Arabidopsis thaliana causes enhanced susceptibility toward extracellular fungal pathogens, including Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium dahliae, and microarray analysis showed that Avr2 expression triggers a global transcriptome reflecting pathogen challenge. Cys protease activity profiling showed that Avr2 inhibits multiple extracellular Arabidopsis Cys proteases. In tomato, Avr2 expression caused enhanced susceptibility toward Avr2-defective C. fulvum strains and also toward B. cinerea and V. dahliae. Cys protease activity profiling in tomato revealed that, in this plant also, Avr2 inhibits multiple extracellular Cys proteases, including Rcr3 and its close relative Pip1. Finally, silencing of Avr2 significantly compromised C. fulvum virulence on tomato. We conclude that Avr2 is a genuine virulence factor of C. fulvum that inhibits several Cys proteases required for plant basal defense.
A multi-scale image inpainting algorithm based on GMRF model

A novel approach to image inpainting is introduced in this paper. The novelty lies in the combination of the MRF inpainting technique and a multiscale information fusion mechanism. This combination uses both local information via the MRF technique and global information via the multi-scale mechanism to improve the image inpainting quality. The proposed algorithm consists of three steps. In the first step, the image to be inpainted is decomposed into multiple levels via a multi-scale decomposition. In the second step, the image of each level is inpainted based on the MRF model. Finally, the multi-scale inpainting results of all levels with different scales are fused. The experimental results show that the proposal inpainting algorithm achieves fairly good results.
Zero-skew clock tree construction by simultaneous routing, wire sizing and buffer insertion

We propose an integrated clock tree construction algorithm which performs simultaneous routing, wire sizing and buffer insertion. In existing approaches, wire sizing and clock buffer insertion are typically applied sequentially after a clock tree is generated and routed, i.e., they are done as post-processing steps. None of the known methods can perform clock routing while simultaneously considering wire sizing and buffer insertion. We introduce wire widths and levels of buffers inserted as variables in forming merging segments in the proposed Integrated Deferred-Merge Embedding (IDME) algorithm. As a result, more zero-skew merging locations are made possible and the clock trees generated are zero-skew by construction. Our experiments show that by taking the advantage offered by wire sizing, we are able to minimize phase delay as well as to reduce wire length and use less buffers.
Long-term security of digital information: Assessment through risk management and Enterprise Architecture

The Digital Preservation community is used to address digital preservation in a problem centric perspective, where the expected common solution is a dedicated Open Archival Information System Reference Model compliant system. In this paper we raise a new perspective to address digital preservation as a long-term information security problem ideally addressed in the origin by the initial information system that has created or makes direct use of the objects where, in some scenario, they can be better protected against several threats that can affect their future interpretation and reuse. In order to achieve this goal, we suggest the use of Risk Management processes in collaboration with Enterprise Architecture processes. The relations between these two processes are detailed, showing how each phase of one process can positively influence a phase on the other process. Finally, in order to illustrate this approach, we present a risk assessment of a scenario concerning dam structural safety information.
Policy and the Academy: An Illicit Relationship?

One of the issues that is much discussed since September 11, 2001, is the proper relationship between policy and the academy. For a host of reasons, a very wide gap exists between the two. In part, this has to do with the political predilections of the academy. Much of the academy is left of center, distrusts anything that smacks of national security, thinks of itself in opposition to power, and imagines that the slightest contact with agencies of policy might infect and corrupt the agencies of thought represented by the academy. But the gap also arises from the highly overspecialized state of academe—its domination by theories, methodologies, and jargons that are inaccessible to anyone beyond the campus gates (and to many people inside the campus gates as well). Since September 11, some have made bold to ask whether something should be done to close the gap, especially when it comes to the knowledge needed to formulate foreign policy. In the United States, government has made a sweeping gesture: since September 11, it has showered the academy with new funds to promote the study of foreign languages and cultures, especially of Muslim countries. And a few voices have been raised, especially among political scientists, arguing that the academy has been shirking its duty, and that it should render service if it expects to remain relevant.1 Some in academe are beginning to appreciate a point made by the Orientalist Gustave von Grunebaum back in 1965:
Multichannel adaptive filtering in compressive domains

In this paper, we give a study on reducing the coefficients to be estimated in an adaptive sparse multichannel system identification problem. We present an approach to perform the adaptation in a compressed representation of the sparse system without requiring prior knowledge about the dimensions in which the system has significant components. The presented technique exploits the ability of sparse systems to be compressed offering a reduction of the adaptive filter coefficients in addition to high convergence rates.
The Discourse Analysis of Social Factors Influencing Interest Contention in Business Dispute Settlement: A Perspective of Discourse Information Theory

Interest contention which reflects the nature of business dispute settlement is one of the vital issues to explore in the studies of business dispute and it structures the whole process of business dispute settlement from mediation, negotiation to arbitration and litigation. Under the influence of various factors, litigants with differing interest orientations and interest demands could make good use of a number of information resources for the purpose of communicating, defending and fighting for the interests of their own. Contexts are a socially based mental model dynamically constructed by participants about “the for-them-relevant properties” of communicative situation (van Dijk, 2008). The social factors in the context influences the distribution of discourse information resources in the interest contention in business dispute settlement. In view of this, the present study focuses on the discourse analysis of social factors influencing the interest contention in business dispute settlement at the stage of litigation from the perspective of Discourse Information Theory (DIT) (Du, 2007, 2013, 2015). It can be found that any conflicting party’s lawyer could take advantage of both different social identities and social relationships to attack the counterparty’s loopholes or shortcomings and gain more interests for his own party in the interest contention in business dispute settlement.
(R)evolution of Indexing Methods: Why Was Diversification Forgotten?

In the modern era of investing, diversification has become the cornerstone of most investors’ investment philosophy. Within the equity space, the primary focus of many an institutional investor has been to diversify their active equity managers—combining equity funds exhibiting uncorrelated return sources such as value, growth, momentum, and size—in order to smooth the return generation. Remarkably, the engrained virtues of diversification have hardly made their way through to the passive equity investment space. Market capitalization–weighted indexing still represents the vast majority of assets invested in passive equity strategies. In the past few years, however, a paradigm shift has started to occur, with a new breed of indexing methods entering the passive equity space. Investors are now beginning to evaluate and invest in new passive indexing methods, looking to diversify among their passive managers as well. This article scrutinizes these new alternatives to traditional passive investing and evaluates whether or not an investor can achieve diversification effects by adding alternative indexing approaches to the traditional index portfolio.
Simulation Based Overhead Analysis of AOMDV, TORA and OLSR in MANET Using Various Energy Models

—In this paper we have studied the energy overhead performance of three different routing protocols under three different energy models. The three different energy models considered are a) Bansal Energy Model b) Vaddina Energy Model and c) Chandrakasan Energy Model. We apply these energy models to AOMDV, TORA and OLSR routing protocols to determine the energy overhead among these three routing protocols by varying the transmission range. Our aim is not to determine which energy model has less overhead, but to analyze how these routing protocols behave under different energy models. In the analysis of energy overhead the underlying mobility model also plays a very important role. We have selected the RWP-SS mobility model. In literature many research papers skip the initial simulation time while simulating the routing protocols but this particular mobility model enables us to calculate the energy overhead from the start of the simulation. The results obtained in our paper are in complete conjugation with the results obtained in [3]. We also claim that our work is the first to compare these three different energy models for determining the energy overhead of different routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks.
Local Density Local Density

We survey computational approaches and solutions for discovering locally dense groups in social and complex networks. A graph-theoretical property is local if it is definable over subgraphs induced by the groups only. In this context, we discuss perfectly dense groups (cliques), structurally dense groups (plexes, cores), and statistically dense groups (η-dense groups). We give algorithms (and hardness results) for fundamental issues such as for finding subgroups of certain sizes or for enumerating meaningful subgroups.