Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Value of High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Subpopulations in Predicting Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in the Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial

Objective—To test the hypothesis whether determination of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subpopulations provides more power to predict recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events (nonfatal myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease death, and stroke) than traditional risk factors in the Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial (VA-HIT). Methods and Results—Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I)–containing HDL subpopulations were quantitatively determined by nondenaturing 2D gel electrophoresis. Hazard ratios of recurrent CVD events were calculated by comparing VA-HIT subjects with (n=398) and without (n=1097) such events. Subjects with new CVD events had significantly lower HDL-C, apoA-I, and large cholesterol-rich HDL particle (α-1, α-2, pre–α-1, and pre–α-2) levels, significantly higher triglyceride, and small poorly lipidated HDL particle (pre–β-1 and α-3) levels than subjects without such events. Multivariate analyses indicated that α-1 and α-2 particle levels were significant negative risk factors, whereas α-3 level was a significant positive risk factor for new CVD events. Pre–β-1 level was a significant risk factor for new CVD events only in univariate analysis. A forward selection model indicated that α-1 was the most significant risk factor for recurrent CVD events among HDL particles. Conclusions—An altered HDL subpopulation profile marked with low α-1 and α-2 levels and a high α-3 level in coronary heart disease patients indicated an elevated risk for new CVD events. Moreover, α-1 and α-2 levels were superior to HDL-C levels in risk assessment in patients with low HDL-C in VA-HIT.
Evaluation of Rational Drug Use for Acute Pharyngitis Associated with the Incidence and Prevalence of the Disease at Two Community Health Centers in Indonesia

According to Indonesia’s Result of Basic Health Research of 2013, prevalence of acute respiratory infection in 2007 and 2013 were not significantly different (25.5% and 25.0%, respectively). Identifying the cause of acute pharyngitis is a key point in determining the optimal treatment. The main purpose is to evaluate the rational use of drugs and its irrational impact as well as the correlation of the drug use with the incidence and prevalence of acute pharyngitis. This study was a descriptive and observational study, carried out retrospectively and concurrently at two community health centers located in Bandung and Cimahi, Indonesia. There was overprescription of antibiotics in 80.01% of prescription cases, with a total of 8.98% being non-treatment option, and 62.43% being irrational use of corticosteroids. The incidence and prevalence of acute pharyngitis at one health center in Bandung were 2.45% and 2.31%, respectively, with an irrationality rate of 83.82%. Those recorded at one health center in Cimahi were 2.11% incidence and 2.00% prevalence with an irrational rate of 91.29%. It can be concluded that there is still an irrational use of medicines in the treatment of acute pharyngitis in community health centers. The higher incidence and prevalence might indicate the declining quality of health services.
Hierarchical Distributed Scalar Quantization

Scalar quantization is the most practical and straightforward approach to signal quantization. However, it has been shown that scalar quantization of oversampled or Compressively Sensed signals can be inefficient in terms of the rate-distortion trade-off, especially as the oversampling rate or the sparsity of the signal increases. Recent theoretical work has provided some insights on improving this trade-off, using non-monotonic quantization functions. This paper builds upon this work to provide a practical hierarchical quantization scheme that enables efficient reconstruction through a hierarchy of convex optimization problems. Our approach generalizes the bit hierarchymost to least significant bitof classical multi-bit scalar quantization. We demonstrate experimental results both for dense and sparse signals that demonstrate significant gains and confirm our theoretical analysis. International Conference Sampling Theory and Applications (SampTA This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright c ©Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc., 2011 201 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
Proving the Principle: Taking Geodesic Dynamics Too Seriously in Einstein's Theoryv2.1 * Michael Tamir Einstein and the Canonical Account 1.1 Geodesic Dynamics 1.2 Whither Test Particles? 1.3 Einstein and Grommer's Three Ways to Get It Straight

In his initial formulation of the general theory of relativity, Einstein's proposal that freely falling gravitating massive bodies follow geodesic paths was submitted as an independent fundamental principle. By adopting this geodesic principle to supply the theory's law of motion, Einstein was immediately able to recover both the free-fall motion of bodies in non-relativistic regimes and the previously anomalous precession of the perihelion of Mercury. Over the last century numerous ostensible proofs claiming to have derived the geodesic principle from Einstein's eld equations have been developed. As a result physicists and philosophers of science alike frequently herald Einstein's theory for having the unique distinction of being able to derive its dynamical law of motion from its own eld equations. In this paper I critically survey the multiple attempts to derive the geodesic principle in the context of Einstein's theory. Grouping these results into three major families, which I refer to as (1) limit operation proofs, (2) 0 th-order proofs, and (3) singularity proofs, I argue that none of these strategies successfully demonstrates the geodesic principle, canonically interpreted as a dynamical law that massive bodies must actually follow geodesic paths in Einstein's theory. Specically, I argue for the following three claims: First, limit operation proofs fail to demonstrate that massive bodies are ever guaranteed to follow geodesic paths. Second, on the contrary 0 th-order proofs demonstrate that extended massive bodies generically deviate from uniformly geodesic paths. Moreover, the only potentially extended distributions of matter and energy that fail to avoid a uniform geodesic evolution are highly unstable, deviating from such motion under arbitrary perturbations of their angular momentum (or higher order moments). Third, thanks to certain mathematical theorems concerning distribution theory, alternative representations of massive bodies as unextended point particles must result either in precluding the possibility of coupling the particle to the spacetime metric in a way that is coherent with Einstein's eld equations or in having to excise the particle (and its would-be path) from spacetime entirely. This three pronged argument reveals that not only does the geodesic law of motion fail to be a deductive consequence of the eld equations, but also any attempt to canonically interpret the geodesic principle in such a way requires * In the following, M will be taken to be a smooth, orientable, four-dimensional manifold, and (M, g ab) will be referred to as a Lorentzian spacetime if g ab is a smooth …
Dietary supplementation of very long-chain n-3 fatty acids decreases whole body lipid utilization in the rat.

Rats were fed lard or n-3 fatty acid-supplemented diets ad libitum to study whole body oxidation of lipid and carbohydrate. One group of male rats was fed 21% fat (by weight) containing 19.5% lard and sufficient amounts of essential fatty acids (1.5%). Another group of rats had 6.5% of the lard replaced by ethyl esters of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The rats were fed these diets for 6-8 weeks. Body weight gain was similar for the two groups and absorption of fat was complete in animals fed both types of fatty acids. Indirect calorimetric measurements, after 3-5 weeks on these diets, by continuous registration of O2 consumption and CO2 formation showed no difference in mean energy expenditure during the experimental period. However, the mean respiratory quotient (RQ) was significantly increased for animals fed the n-3 fatty acid-supplemented diet. This was noted both under fasting conditions and after receiving a test meal of similar fatty acid composition for both feeding groups. Thus, mean substrate utilization demonstrated reduced oxidation of fat and increased oxidation of carbohydrate, during fasting as well as fed periods for the n-3 fatty acid group as compared to the lard group. After an additional 2-3 weeks, blood plasma, liver, and muscle samples were collected, and adipocytes and hepatocytes were isolated. Reduced postprandial plasma concentrations of triacylglycerol, phospholipids, unesterified fatty acids, and glycerol were promoted by the n-3 fatty acid diet as compared to lard. Plasma concentration of glucose was slightly increased, and liver and muscle content of glycogen were decreased in the n-3 fatty acid-fed rats. Experiments with isolated adipocytes showed decreased basal lipolysis after feeding n-3 fatty acids for 6-8 weeks for suspended epididymal adipocytes, whereas stimulated lipolysis by isoproterenol (0.1 microM) was higher in both epididymal and mesenteric adipocytes from rats fed n-3 fatty acids as compared to animals fed lard. In addition, epididymal adipocytes from rats fed n-3 fatty acids were significantly smaller than cells from animals fed lard. Hepatic peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation was significantly higher for n-3 fatty acid-supplemented animals, but total fatty acid oxidation was similar in both dietary groups. The hepatic content of triacylglycerol and phospholipids was similar for both diets. These results demonstrate that n-3 fatty acid replacement of a high-fat diet containing mostly saturates and monoenes for several weeks promotes reduced use of fat as energy source. This may be explained by decreased plasma concentration of unesterified fatty acids. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
An Integrated Transport Solution to Big Data Movement in High-Performance Networks

We propose and develop an integrated transport solution to big data movement in high-performance networks in support of data-and network-intensive applications in various science domains. This solution integrates three major components, i.e. (i) transport-support workflow optimization, (ii) transport profile generation, and (iii) transport protocol design, into a unified framework.
Power-efficient readout circuit for miniaturized electronic nose

A hybrid combination of piezoelectric MEMS resonators and CMOS oscillator readout circuit forms the necessary ingredients of a new generation of electronic nose (e-nose) devices that, owing to their form factor and power consumption, enable a range of novel applications. This paper presents a hybrid low-power, high-resolution e nose system, including the necessary digital interface. An integrated readout was designed for the tracking of resonant frequency shift due to a change in the VOC environment concentration. It interfaces a piezo-actuated functionalized doubly clamped beam resonator that combines low actuation power (μW), high VOC sensitivity but low quality factor in air, large parasitic capacitance and multiple resonance modes. The sensor characteristics translate into a challenging readout design, as high gain-bandwidth product versus low power and low noise are required for optimal detection resolution.
Study on Information Security Assurance Architecture in Internet

In Internet, the public department information system is confronted with increasingly severe threats. In order to protect the public department information security and seize the "Information Superiority", great emphasize must be laid on the information security assurance. The key point of solving the problem of public department information security is constructing the architecture of information security assurance (AISA). A framework of the AISA in internet is proposed, and the function of each module is described respectively, which provides a useful reference to the construction of the AISA.
Comparison of Clinical and Digital Assessment of Nuclear Optical Density

To compare the standardised Nidek EAS-1000 densitometric analysis of the lens with clinical assessment of the nucleus at an early stage of cataract development, 1,200 eyes of 1,204 participants of the VECAT study were assessed at the baseline using both subjective and objective lens grading. Standardisation of the automatic slit image analysis was achieved using a custom-designed EAS-1000 Software version 3.01c. Among 6 measurements of nuclear optical density, the mean pixel luminescence of integrated anterior nuclear density correlated best with clinical assessment (R = 0.662, p < 0.001). Variance components that interfere with the assessment are defined.
Cell cycle-independent lysis of Escherichia coli by cefsulodin, an inhibitor of penicillin-binding proteins 1a and 1b

Cefsulodin lyses actively growing Escherichia coli by binding specifically to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) 1a and 1b. Recent findings (F. García del Portillo, M. A. de Pedro, D. Joseleau-Petit, and R. D'Ari, J. Bacteriol. 171:4217-4221, 1989) have linked cefsulodin-induced lysis to septation during the first division cycle after a nutritional shift-up or chromosome replication realignment. We synchronized cells by membrane filtration to determine whether cefsulodin-induced lysis depended on septation in normally growing cells. Populations of newly divided cells were allowed to grow for variable lengths of time. Cefsulodin was added to these synchronous cultures, which represented points in two to three rounds of the cell cycle. Since the cell numbers were small, a new lysis assay was developed that was based on the release of DNA measured by fluorometry. Lysis occurred at a constant time after addition of the antibiotic, regardless of the time in the cell cycle at which the addition was made. Thus, cefsulodin-induced lysis is not linked to septation or to any other cell cycle-related event.
Comment: Evaluation of Presence of Aspirin-Related Warnings with Willow Bark

1. Krantz MJ, Lewkowicz L, Hays H, Woodroffe MA, Robertson AD, Mehler PS. Torsade de pointes associated with very-high-dose methadone. Ann Intern Med 2002;137:501-4. 2. Strasberg B, Coelho A, Welch W, Swiryn S, Bauernfeind R, Rosen K. Doxepin induced torsade de pointes. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1982; 5:873-7. 3. Haverkamp W, Breithardt G, Camm AJ, Janse MJ, Rosen MR, Antzelevitch C, et al. The potential for QT prolongation and pro-arrhythmia by non–anti-arrhythmic drugs: clinical and regulatory implications. Report on a Policy Conference of the European Society of Cardiology. Cardiovasc Res 2000;47:219-33. 4. Kurita T, Ohe T, Marui N, Aihara N, Takaki H, Kamakura S, et al. Bradycardia-induced abnormal QT prolongation in patients with complete atrioventricular block with torsade de pointes. Am J Cardiol 1992; 69:628-33.
LA HISTORIA Y LAS RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES: DE LA HISTORIA INTERNACIONAL A LA HISTORIA GLOBAL

In exploring the connections between international relations and history, we find a link that contributes to the redefinition of the discipline itself. In fact, international relations as a rational discourse on one aspect of the social sphere constitutes a historical object in itself. The aim of the article is to situate IR on its historical voyage in order to identify the development of three different international-system models throughout the course of the past three centuries. This overview leads us from a history between nations to a world history and, finally, to a global history, the nature of which allows us to outline certain coordinates in the international scenario at the dawn of the 21st century and indicate the elements that make the international idea lose its specificity and confronts us with the challenge of reformulating our own understanding of today's world.
Cross-lingual WSD for Translation Extraction from Comparable Corpora

We propose a data-driven approach to enhance translation extraction from comparable corpora. Instead of resorting to an external dictionary, we translate source vector features by using a cross-lingual Word Sense Disambiguation method. The candidate senses for a feature correspond to sense clusters of its translations in a parallel corpus and the context used for disambiguation consists of the vector that contains the feature. The translations found in the disambiguation output convey the sense of the features in the source vector, while the use of translation clusters permits to expand their translation with several variants. As a consequence, the translated vectors are less noisy and richer, and allow for the extraction of higher quality lexicons compared to simpler methods.
The smart grid homeowner: An IT guru?

The promises of smart grid for the average consumer will require both voluntary, non-technical changes in their consumption behavior, or that and the installation of some technology in their home that enables their desire to participate to be enacted on their behalf. For the latter case, the reality of a retail friendly experience is not yet realized. There are challenges beyond what for many is a daunting part of their home life.becoming a network administrator for their internet service and pool of computing devices. The installation, commissioning and maintenance of a sensor network to obtain actionable data blends electrical knowledge, business skills and somewhat advanced information technology capabilities to make this a reality. This paper explores the practical challenges of installing, commissioning and maintaining an in-home sensor network.
Transcriptional Regulation of CHI3L1, a Marker Gene for Late Stages of Macrophage Differentiation*

The protein product of the CHI3L1 gene, human cartilage 39-kDa glycoprotein (HC-gp39), is a tissue-restricted, chitin-binding lectin and member of glycosyl hydrolase family 18. In contrast to many other monocyte/macrophage markers, its expression is absent in monocytes and strongly induced during late stages of human macrophage differentiation. To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying its cell typerestricted and maturation-associated expression in macrophages, we initiated a detailed study of the proximal HC-gp39 promoter. Deletion analysis of reporter constructs in macrophage-like THP-1 cells localized a region directing high levels of macrophage-specific reporter gene expression to ∼300 bp adjacent to the major transcriptional start site. The promoter sequence contained consensus binding sites for several known factors, and specific binding of nuclear PU.1, Sp1, Sp3, USF, AML-1, and C/EBP proteins was detectable in gel shift assays. In vivo footprinting assays with dimethyl sulfate demonstrate that the protection of corresponding sequences was enhanced in macrophages compared with monocytes. Mutational analysis of transcription factor binding sites indicated a predominant role for a single Sp1 binding site in regulating HC-gp39 promoter activity. In addition, gel shift assays using nuclear extracts of monocytes and macrophages demonstrated that the binding of nuclear Sp1, but not Sp3, markedly increases during macrophage differentiation. Our results further highlight the important role of Sp1 in macrophage gene regulation.
Modularity in a Connectionist Model of Morphology Acquisition

This paper describes a modular connectionist model of the acquisition of receptive inflectional morphology. The model takes inputs in the form of phones one at a time and outputs the associated roots and inflections. In its simplest version, the network consists of separate simple recurrent subnetworks for root and inflection identification; both networks take the phone sequence as inputs. It is shown that the performance of the two separate modular networks is superior to a single network responsible for both root and inflection identification. In a more elaborate version of the model, the network learns to use separate hidden-layer modules to solve the separate tasks of root and inflection identification.
Model interchange using OMG standards

We discuss the need for a robust model interchange document format in order to realize the model driven engineering vision. The OMG proposes XMI and XMI[DI] as the standard document formats to store and exchange models and diagrams between applications. However, there are still some open issues regarding the current version of these standards. In this article, we discuss some of these issues and conclude with a plea for a continued discussion on the future and improvement of the XMI and the XMI[DI] model interchange standards.
'Plant biotechnology' representation and resistance: a study of plant breeding community in Bihar, India.

The present study, from a sociology of science and technology perspective, captures the transformation in plant biotechnology that has emerged with the advent of new agricultural technology, and how it is conceived of and practiced by the community of plant breeders in selected scientific institutions under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research ( ICAR ) and the State Agricultural University ( SAU ) setups located in an agriculturally backward state like Bihar. Focusing on a galaxy of scientists engaged in plant science research in Bihar, the present study captures the responses from plant breeders on the questions surrounding genetically modified crops, intellectual property rights and other contentious issues related to new agricultural technology, especially plant biotechnology. An attempt is also made to explore the nature of scientific collaboration taking place in plant breeding and the motivations of such collaborative practices. The purpose of this study is to understand how plant breeding in Bihar is experientially constituted and politically negotiated along the contours and at the boundaries of national and international development operations, policies, extension agents, and the everyday lives, livelihoods, and aspirations of farmers.
Contratos flexíveis de trabalho: diferentes perfis de trabalhadores qualificados brasileiros

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to discuss how professionals who have gone through traditional work relationships organize themselves in the new labor reality of flexible contracts experiment, considered in this research as contracts that are not governed by the Brazilian Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT). Through interviews with 43 well-qualified workers, we built a typology consisting of nine profiles with specific characteristics, namely: the PJ, the Parachutist, the Indif ferent, the Pragmatist, the Independent, the Autonomous, the Businessman, the Resentful, and the CLT. The results showed that the construction of profiles allowed to understand how skilled professionals face the new reality of work and concluded, in this case, that flexible work is not a synonymous of job insecurity, because it does not entail neces sarily losses from professional or personal perspectives for the individual that choses to execute this kind of contract.
Hardware controller using reconfigurable logic for a “ball and beam” mock-up

This paper describes a control system using the cascade technique for a classical control model known as ldquoball and beamrdquo. The control system has been developed using the Matlab-Xilinx system generator in order to be implemented on reconfigurable hardware (FPGA) and it has been validated over the real system using the Matlabpsilas data acquisition toolbox and a national instrumentpsilas data acquisition board.