Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TRAINING: EXPLORING THE ANTECEDENTS TO CORPORATE SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Leaders of organizations are becoming more aware of their company’s potential adverse impact on society and are facing added pressure from stakeholders to find ways to mitigate this impact (Lancey, Cooper, Hayward, & Neuberger, 2010). The field of adult education, through its history in human resource development and social responsibility, can directly influence an organization’s corporate social responsibility strategy and thus its impact on society (Garavan, Heraty, Rock, & Dalton, 2010). This study aims to provide insight into the relationship between socially conscious human resource development training programs and the recommendation of new corporate social responsibility ideas for the organization. Furthermore, as many organizations are increasingly using entrepreneurial approaches to enhance their corporate social responsibility strategies (Austin, Leonard, Reficco, & Wei-Skiller, 2006), this study explores the relationship between entrepreneurial and social organizational antecedents perceived by 152 company managers and the development of new corporate social responsibility ideas for the organization. This research utilizes exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression to analyze the results of an online survey. The results of the analysis indicated that a statistically significant relationship existed between the number of socially conscious human resource development training programs attended and the recommendation of new corporate social responsibility ideas. Additionally, this research indicated that a manager’s perception of the level of social proactiveness in a firm is a significant organizational antecedent that correlates with the recommendation of new corporate social responsibility ideas. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TRAINING: EXPLORING THE ANTECEDENTS TO CORPORATE SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
A parameterizable fault simulator for bridging faults

We present the concept of a multiple-valued logic simulator that is able to more accurately determine the possible behavior of a circuit in the presence of bridging faults. By a user defined mapping of a range of voltages to a logic value the simulator takes care of certain voltages more closely than common bridge fault simulators that map all voltages to either logic 1 or 0. Experimental results are given to demonstrate the improved fault detection possibilities.
Empirical Test of Okun's Law in Nigeria

The paper estimates the Okun’s coefficient, and checks the validity of Okun’s law in Nigeria, using the time series annual data during the period 1980-2008. Engle granger co-integration test and Fully Modified OLS were employed. The empirical evidences show that there is positive coefficient in the Regression, implying that Okun’s law interpretation is not applicable to Nigeria. It was recommended that government and policy makers should employ economic policies that are more oriented to structural changes and reform in labor market.
X-ray Spectra of the RIXOS source sample

We present results of an extensive study of the X-ray spectral properties of sources detected in the RIXOS survey, which is a large, nearly complete sample of objects detected serendipitously in ROSAT PSPC fields down to a flux limit of 3×10−14 erg cm−2 s−1 (0.5–2 keV). We show that for X-ray surveys containing sources with low count rate, such as RIXOS, spectral slopes estimated using simple hardness ratios in the ROSAT band can be biased. Instead, we analyse three-colour X-ray data using statistical techniques appropriate to the Poisson regime which remove the effects of this bias. We also show that the use of three-colour data enables some discrimination between thermal and non-thermal spectra. We have then applied this technique to the RIXOS survey to study the spectral properties of the sample. For the AGN we find an average energy index of 1.05±0.05, with no evidence for spectral evolution with redshift. Individual AGN are shown to have a range of properties, including soft X-ray excesses and intrinsic absorption. Narrow-emission-line galaxies (NELGs) also seem to fit to a power-law spectrum, which may indicate a non-thermal origin for their X-ray emission. We infer that most of the clusters in the sample have a bremsstrahlung temperature >3 keV, although some show evidence for a cooling flow. The stars deviate strongly from a power-law model but fit to a thermal model. Finally, we have analysed the whole RIXOS sample (extending the flux cut-off to the sensitivity threshold of each individual observation) containing 1762 sources to study the relationship between spectral slope and flux. We find that the mean spectral slope of the sources hardens at lower fluxes, in agreement with results from other samples. However, a study of the individual sources demonstrates that the majority have relatively soft spectra even at faint flux levels, and the hardening of the mean is caused by the appearance of a population of very hard sources at the lowest fluxes. This has implications for the nature of the soft X-ray background.
Dynamically Evolving Spiking Neural network for pattern recognition

This paper presents a novel RBF-like fast dynamically Evolving Spiking Neural classifier (ESNC). The trained feed-forward SNN consists of three layers of spiking neurons: an encoding layer which temporally encodes real valued features into spatio-temporal spike patterns, a hidden layer of dynamically grown and pruned neurons which perform spatiotemporal clustering, and an evolving output layer for classification. Both the structure and weights of the SNN are learned dynamically through a combination of unsupervised and supervised learning paradigms. An unsupervised clustering method is implemented by the hidden layer for adjusting the synaptic weights of the hidden neurons afferent connections. The centre of each hidden RBF neuron is represented by a vector of temporal distances between the first spike of the hidden neuron and the presynaptic spikes. In addition, strategies are proposed to adjust the structure of the hidden and output layers as inputs are presented to the SNN, and classification at the output layer is achieved through supervised learning where a learning window is used to adjust the weights of the output neurons afferent connections. The proposed learning algorithm is demonstrated on several benchmark datasets from the UCL machine learning repository. The results show comparable performance with existing machine learning algorithms and demonstrate the ability of the proposed algorithm to learn incoming data samples in a hybrid way and in one epoch only.
Structure and axon outgrowth inhibitor binding of the Nogo‐66 receptor and related proteins

The myelin‐derived proteins Nogo, MAG and OMgp limit axonal regeneration after injury of the spinal cord and brain. These cell‐surface proteins signal through multi‐subunit neuronal receptors that contain a common ligand‐binding glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored subunit termed the Nogo‐66 receptor (NgR). By deletion analysis, we show that the binding of soluble fragments of Nogo, MAG and NgR to cell‐surface NgR requires the entire leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) region of NgR, but not other portions of the protein. Despite sharing extensive sequence similarity with NgR, two related proteins, NgR2 and NgR3, which we have identified, do not bind Nogo, MAG, OMgp or NgR. To investigate NgR specificity and multi‐ligand binding, we determined the crystal structure of the biologically active ligand‐binding soluble ectodomain of NgR. The molecule is banana shaped with elongation and curvature arising from eight LRRs flanked by an N‐terminal cap and a small C‐terminal subdomain. The NgR structure analysis, as well as a comparison of NgR surface residues not conserved in NgR2 and NgR3, identifies potential protein interaction sites important in the assembly of a functional signaling complex.
An efficient framework for multiple tasks in human-like robots

Human-like robots are required to simultaneously execute multiple tasks. A task-priority strategy plays an important role in implementing multiple tasks. Conventional task-priority strategies suffer from algorithmic singularity and large computational effort. Extended operational space (EXOS) formulation provides an algorithmic singularity free and computationally efficient framework for a single robot manipulator with two tasks. An extension to EXOS for multiple tasks, named task-priority based EXOS (TPEXOS), has been proposed for whole-body control of human-like robots. TPEXOS augments constraint task spaces according to the order of priority without algorithmic singularities. The computational efficiency of TPEXOS excels other conventional task-priority strategies, whose efficacy and efficiency were demonstrated through simulation studies.
The End of Acts and the Jewish Response: Condemnation, Tragedy, or Hope?

This article examines recent and historic views relating to the interpretation of Acts 28.26-27 (=Isa. 6.9-10) and the response of the Jews at the end of Acts. Among the conflicting views, scholars (with some overlap) fall into one of three general categories that suggest some degree of Jewish condemnation, tragedy or hope. Recent trends demonstrate a more hopeful prognosis than prior assessments with regards to Luke’s attitude towards the Jews. This trend is supported by recent studies regarding the wisdom background for the text of Isa. 6.9-10 in light of the growing recognition of and appreciation for an increasingly Jewish portrait of Paul in Acts.
μ m CMOS Novel Successive Approximation ADC With Variable Sampling Rate

With the increased sophistication of System-on-Chip (SOC) architectures comes an increased need for low power Analog to Digital converters. These converters have many uses including Built-in-Self-Test (BIST) applications. In this paper, we present a novel Successive Approximation ADC. We show how one can utilize an existing DAC structure on an SOC to realize an effective Analog-to-Digital converter for self-testing applications. The achieved ADC operates at 125 MSamples/s consuming only 3.8 mW of power. The design is implemented in 0. 18μm 1.8-V CMOS technology.
Verification-Based Multi-backup Firmware Architecture, an Assurance of Trusted Boot Process for the Embedded Systems

NAND flash has been widely used as the only non-volatile storage device in the embedded systems. However, it has high rates of bad block, which may lead the stored programs damaged. Especially for the firmware including boot loader and OS, this will lead the system crash immediately. This paper proposes a novel verification-based multi-backup firmware architecture (VMFA) to improve the reliability with the multiple copies of firmware in NAND flash. According to the theory of chain of trust, during the boot process, the integrity of one program should be checked before it gets the right to execute, and the program can be executed only on condition that its integrity is valid. Meanwhile, the system can automatically load and measure the backup copies and verify the integrity when the original program is damaged. Some experiments are taken on a real development platform and the VMFA is measured with time module to analyze the boot time. The results show that the system can work well with VMFA and the boot process can be ensured with the suitable verifications.
Temporal relations of the complex spike activity of Purkinje cell pairs in the vestibulocerebellum of rabbits

Parasagittal zones in the vestibulocerebellum contain Purkinje cells whose complex spike (CS) activity is modulated in response to rotational optokinetic stimulation (OKS) about either the vertical axis (VA) or a horizontal axis (HA) that is approximately perpendicular to the ipsilateral anterior canal. In rabbits, there are two VA zones in both the ventral nodulus and flocculus, two HA zones in the flocculus, and one HA zone in the ventral nodulus. We investigated the temporal relationship of the CS activity of Purkinje cell pairs in the same or different zones of the vestibulocerebellum in ketamine-anesthetized pigmented rabbits. A synchronous temporal relationship was defined as the tendency of the CS of each Purkinje cell to fire within, at most, 2 msec of one another. Generally, neurons in the same zone showed a tendency to exhibit CS synchrony. Of 82 pairs consisting of two Purkinje cells in the same zone (e.g., two nodulus HA cells), 33 were synchronous. In contrast, none of 26 pairs consisting of two neurons in functionally different zones (e.g., a VA cell paired with an HA cell), showed CS synchrony. Pairs consisting of neurons in spatially separated VA zones in the ventral nodulus also showed a tendency to be synchronously related (6/16), as did pairs consisting of a nodulus VA cell and a flocculus VA cell (3/14). The CS synchrony was higher during OKS in the preferred direction than during spontaneous activity. This is the first demonstration that CS synchrony in the vestibulocerebellum can be manipulated with a natural sensory stimulus.
PCE-based centralized control plane for filterless networks

In this article, we present the concept of the filterless optical network from a control plane perspective, defining the network and showing to what extent a control plane could be adapted to it. Then we propose a control plane architecture and study its performance. Filterless networks act as passive broadcast and select networks, in which active switching elements, such as the wavelength selection switch, are replaced by passive optical splitters and combiners, and network agility is provided by tunable transceivers. We introduce the concept of unfiltered channels and that of backward and forward ports, and show how they impact topological performance, and, in particular, the fact that wavelength usage increases greatly as the protection ratio shrinks.
A Novel Anti-Collusion Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

In order to solve the problems that sensor node-key leaking and adversaries make compromised nodes as their collusions to launch new attack, the paper proposed an efficient anti-collusion scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography for wireless sensor networks. In the proposed scheme, the group-key distribution strategy is employed to compute the private key of each sensor node, and the encryption and decryption algorithms are constructed based on elliptic curve cryptography. The command center (node) only needs to broadcast a controlling header with three group elements, and the authorized sensor node can correctly recover the session key and using it to decrypt the broadcasting message. Simulation and analysis of the proposed scheme show that the proposed scheme can resist the k-collusion attack arouse by adversary or compromised nodes efficiently.
All Onboard : The Effects of Voice Communication on Online Collaboration

We were inspired by the previous work of the Flash Orgs Research Team at Stanford University with the Foundry system for crowd workers [9]. Although Foundry has been used to coordinate individual, asynchronous tasks, it has never been used for synchronous collaboration. To better understand how to improve the output of these crowd teams, we presented teams of three workers with the task of creating an online advertisement for an audio recording car radio where each worker was assigned a specific role: Artist 1, Artist 2, or Text Creator. The experimental teams were led through a brief voice chat where each team member introduced himself/herself and described his/her background, while the control groups immediately began the task. After the creation of the advertisements, we had hundreds of people vote on the advertisement images they thought were most effective at conveying the product idea. We found that the experimental advertisements received a total of 44% more votes than those in the control group. We also saw greater communication and collaboration in the experimental teams. Thus, pre-task communication not only improved the performance, but also team dynamics.
The Telomeric Repeats of Human Herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) Are Required for Efficient Virus Integration

Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) and 6B (HHV-6B) are ubiquitous betaherpesviruses that infects humans within the first years of life and establishes latency in various cell types. Both viruses can integrate their genomes into telomeres of host chromosomes in latently infected cells. The molecular mechanism of viral integration remains elusive. Intriguingly, HHV-6A, HHV-6B and several other herpesviruses harbor arrays of telomeric repeats (TMR) identical to human telomere sequences at the ends of their genomes. The HHV-6A and HHV-6B genomes harbor two TMR arrays, the perfect TMR (pTMR) and the imperfect TMR (impTMR). To determine if the TMR are involved in virus integration, we deleted both pTMR and impTMR in the HHV-6A genome. Upon reconstitution, the TMR mutant virus replicated comparable to wild type (wt) virus, indicating that the TMR are not essential for HHV-6A replication. To assess the integration properties of the recombinant viruses, we established an in vitro integration system that allows assessment of integration efficiency and genome maintenance in latently infected cells. Integration of HHV-6A was severely impaired in the absence of the TMR and the virus genome was lost rapidly, suggesting that integration is crucial for the maintenance of the virus genome. Individual deletion of the pTMR and impTMR revealed that the pTMR play the major role in HHV-6A integration, whereas the impTMR only make a minor contribution, allowing us to establish a model for HHV-6A integration. Taken together, our data shows that the HHV-6A TMR are dispensable for virus replication, but are crucial for integration and maintenance of the virus genome in latently infected cells.
Range images registration by correction of perspective deformations and camera calibration

The problem of registration of perspectively deformed range images presented in this paper. The deformation correction is considered as a calibration correction of the correspondent cameras. An algorithm for an affine transformation compensation is presented. We focus on the registration of high dimensional human head range images. Our aim is to stitch the corrected surfaces in order to estimate of full head model. A modification of the ICP algorithm is described. The latter is aimed at estimating affine transformation.
Towards More Informative Answers in Terminological Logics ?

In this paper, the query-answering problem (also called retrieval problem, in terminological logics) is studied and a new framework is proposed. The declarative semantics extends the classical definition of answer in order to refer to some elements that exist in all models although they may not possess a name. With an appropriate representation of these elements, answers are regular languages and are described by regular expressions. We claim that these regular expressions give a better understanding of the knowledge base that is being queried. The operational semantics relies on a finite automaton which is built, independently of the query, from some completions of the knowledge base. Once this automaton has been generated, answers can be efficiently computed. Although sound, the operational semantics is not complete in the general case, but we state sufficient conditions on the knowledge base under which the two semantics are equivalent.
Neuron Death in the Substantia Nigra of Weaver Mouse Occurs Late in Development and Is Not Apoptotic

Weaver is a spontaneous mutation in mice characterized by the postnatal loss of external granule cells in the cerebellum and dopaminergic neurons of the midbrain, especially in the substantia nigra. We have shown previously that natural cell death with the morphology of apoptosis occurs in the substantia nigra of normal rodents during postnatal development. We therefore sought to determine whether the loss of dopaminergic neurons in homozygous weaver mice occurs during the period of natural cell death in the substantia nigra and whether it has the morphology of apoptosis. We have found, using a silver stain technique, that although apoptotic cell death does occur early postnatally in homozygous weaver substantia nigra, it also does so with equal magnitude in wild-type and heterozygous weaver littermates. Unique to homozygous weavers is the occurrence of degenerating neurons in the nigra that are not apoptotic. These degenerating neurons are observed at postnatal day 7, and they are most abundant on postnatal days 24–25. The nonapoptotic nature of this cell death is confirmed by negative in situ end labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation and by ultrastructural analysis. Ultrastructural studies reveal irregular chromatin aggregates in the nucleus, as well as marked cytoplasmic changes, including the formation of vacuoles and distinctive stacks of dilated cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. We interpret these changes as indicative of either a variant morphology of programmed cell death or a pathological degenerative process mediated by an as yet unknown mechanism related to the recently described mutation in the GIRK2 potassium channel.
. Research Problem and Topic Writing a Quantitative Research Thesis

There are basically two types of problems: that whose aim is to increase our knowledge and that whose aim is to make our life better (Selamat 2008). Research topic emanates from a detailed and insightful analysis of a research problem as one of the possible ways through which a solution could be contributed to the problem. Such analysis might involve experiences gained from literature review. Generally, research topic should reflect three components: the independent variable, the dependent variable and the population under study. The dependent variable is the problem variable while the independent variable is that whose influence or relationship to the problem variable is to be established, and which if effectively manipulated is highly likely to bring about desirable changes in the problem variable. For example the problem of deteriorating quality of performance of mathematics by senior secondary students in Botswana, was analysed, and several possible contributory factors were identified. These included: quality of textbook, teaching methods, teachers' experience, teachers' motivation, parental involvement, study time, etc. These are called the independent variables, while the problem variable is called the dependent variable. A contribution to the solution of the problem could be done by manipulating any of these independent variables in a direction that would enhance desirable changes in the problem variable-quality of students' performance in mathematics. But first of all, we must determine the amount of influence, if any, which such ABSTRACT Research is an exciting adventure which if properly carried out adds richly to the student's experience, to the school academic prestige and to the society through the new knowledge it creates which could be applied in solving related problems and in other services. Young researchers always encounter problems designing and carrying out their first study which usually is their project, thesis or dissertation. Some who are not properly guided or supervised get frustrated and drop out of their programmes because of these problems. The ideas in this paper which metamorphosed over 25 years of teaching and supervising research, represents an attempt to contribute to the solution of such problems especially for graduate students. It presents elaborately, in very simple language and in five sections, the practical steps that should guide beginning researchers on how to carry out their study and report it. manipulation would have on the problem. Hence the first step in tackling this problem is to carry out a study to determine the amount of …