Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of forced‐air warming for preventing perioperative hypothermia and related complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND Perioperatively, unexpected hypothermia may cause adverse surgical outcomes. However, few studies have explored the efficacy of forced-air warming in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. AIM/OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of forced-air warming for preventing perioperative hypothermia and complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. METHODS A total of 127 participants undergoing laparoscopic thoracic or abdominal surgery were recruited between January and November 2015. Participants were randomly allocated to intervention (forced-air warming, n = 64) and control groups (passive insulation, n = 63). Oesophageal core temperature was measured during surgery, whilst tympanic core temperature was measured every 30 minutes preoperatively and in the postanaesthesia care unit. Levels of shivering and pain, amount of bleeding, and adverse cardiac events were measured before the transfer from the postanaesthesia care unit. The generalized estimating equation was used for data analysis. RESULTS The intervention group had better warming efficacy than the control group between 90 and 330 minutes during surgery. The intervention group had fewer complications than the control group in terms of intraoperative bleeding, time to rewarm to 36°C, pain levels, and shivering levels in the postanaesthesia care unit. CONCLUSION Forced-air warming can increase warming efficacy and reduce complications of perioperative hypothermia in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
Meiotic DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Requires Two Nucleases, MRN and Ctp1, To Produce a Single Size Class of Rec12 (Spo11)-Oligonucleotide Complexes

ABSTRACT Programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in meiosis are formed by Spo11 (Rec12 in fission yeast), a topoisomerase II-like protein, which becomes covalently attached to DNA 5′ ends. For DSB repair through homologous recombination, the protein must be removed from these DNA ends. We show here that Rec12 is endonucleolytically removed from DSB ends attached to a short oligonucleotide (Rec12-oligonucleotide complex), as is Spo11 in budding yeast. Fission yeast, however, has only one size class of Rec12-oligonucleotide complexes, whereas budding yeast has two size classes, suggesting different endonucleolytic regulatory mechanisms. Rec12-oligonucleotide generation strictly requires Ctp1 (Sae2 nuclease homolog), the Rad32 (Mre11) nuclease domain, and Rad50 of the MRN complex. Surprisingly, Nbs1 is not strictly required, indicating separable roles for the MRN subunits. On the basis of these and other data, we propose that Rad32 nuclease has the catalytic site for Rec12-oligonucleotide generation and is activated by Ctp1, which plays an additional role in meiotic recombination.
Transumbilical Endoscopic Costal Cartilage Harvesting: A New Technique

BackgroundThe quality and quantity of costal cartilage allow for versatile and stable cartilage supply for various nasal deformities, but the apparent scar on the chest wall can be a major concern in cosmetic surgery of Asians. The authors describe a new method for harvesting costal cartilage by transumbilical endoscopic approach to avoid any scar on the chest wall and to fulfill the requirements of cosmetic procedures. MethodsAn endoscopic retractor paired with a 10-mm and 30-degree down-viewing rigid endoscope is used to harvest the seventh, eighth, and ninth rib cartilage on the right. Elevators and eletrocautery units designed for conventional endoscopic procedures are used for cartilage dissection. Adequate amount of cartilage graft can be obtained through umbilical incision. ResultsEight patients underwent rhinoplasty with costal cartilage harvested using this method. The length of the harvested blocks from the seventh and eighth ribs ranged from 4.5 to 7 cm. The cartilage blocks harvested from the ninth ribs were 2.5 and 3.5 cm in length. The operative time of cartilage harvesting ranged from 2 to 2.5 hours. There were no associated intraoperative complications. In all cases, no signs of pneumothorax were detected after operation. The umbilical wounds healed without significant scarring within 2 weeks. ConclusionsThis technique provides an effective alternative for costal cartilage harvesting with an inconspicuous scar hidden by the umbilicus that can be applied to selective rhinoplasty cases.
Adult neurogenesis and brain regeneration in zebrafish

Adult neurogenesis is a widespread trait of vertebrates; however, the degree of this ability and the underlying activity of the adult neural stem cells differ vastly among species. In contrast to mammals that have limited neurogenesis in their adult brains, zebrafish can constitutively produce new neurons along the whole rostrocaudal brain axis throughout its life. This feature of adult zebrafish brain relies on the presence of stem/progenitor cells that continuously proliferate, and the permissive environment of zebrafish brain for neurogenesis. Zebrafish has also an extensive regenerative capacity, which manifests itself in responding to central nervous system injuries by producing new neurons to replenish the lost ones. This ability makes zebrafish a useful model organism for understanding the stem cell activity in the brain, and the molecular programs required for central nervous system regeneration. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge on the stem cell niches, the characteristics of the stem/progenitor cells, how they are regulated and their involvement in the regeneration response of the adult zebrafish brain. We will also emphasize the open questions that may help guide the future research. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 429–461, 2012
2-Fluoroanilinium N-(2-fluorophenyl)oxamate

The crystal structure of the title salt, C6H7FN+·C8H5FNO3 −, exhibits intramolecular N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O and intermolecular N—H⋯O and N—H⋯F hydrogen-bond interactions, the intramolecular hydrogen-bond interactions generating S(6) and S(5) ring motifs. The dihedral angles between the aromatic ring and the intramolecular hydrogen-bonded rings in the anion are 2.97 (7) and 6.70 (5)°. The two aromatic rings of the title compound are oriented with a dihedral angle of 77.25 (9)°.
Body mass index is increasing faster among taller persons 1 – 3

Background: During the past 40 y, there has been a trend toward more eating away from home, increased food availability, the opportunity to order extra-large portion sizes, and general weight gain. Objective: Because shorter people need fewer calories than taller people to maintain their weight, our goal was to determine whether the body mass index (BMI)–height relation has changed over time. Design: Data are from 3581 nonpregnant women and 3091 men examined in the 1959–1962 National Health Examination Survey and 4651 nonpregnant women and 4691 men examined in the 2001– 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We tested whether the relation between BMI and height has changed for men and women, after adjustment for other demographic changes. Results: In the past, on average, shorter American men and women had significantly higher BMIs than taller people. However, taller people have been increasing their BMI during the past 40 y at a faster rate than shorter people. Conclusions: This study documents that the obesity epidemic has changed the height-BMI relation. The data cannot identify causal pathways, and there are numerous explanations. A plausible hypothesis is that changes in the food environment may have eliminated constraints on weight gain for taller people that existed in a more calorie-constrained environment. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:
Inscribe the Exigency of Map Matching Performance for Curve Navigation on Road/Highways

GPS tracking data is essential for sensor data sources. It plays an important role in various systems like traffic assessment and prediction, routing and navigation, fleet management etc. The accuracy of data is an important issue, phenomena of sampling based vehicle movement with the existing GPS alerting systems. GPS navigation is not reliable because of two errors such as sources and continuous produce trajectory data.map matching algorithm finding a path between the points on the road network (graph) that minimizes frechet distance from a trajectory database. Therefore accurate data related to road network become essential for fast map matching algorithm.This work provides a technique to locate the frechet distance for path finding in available free space using adaptive map matching algorithm. We also adopt Dijkstra's path searching method with adaptive clipping for enhancing map matching process. This work also contribute to measuring frechet distance, map matching task, error estimation in trajectory data for reducing search space using adaptive clipping map matching algorithm for fast mapping process.
Design, validation and FPGA implementation of a brushless DC motor speed controller

The brushless DC (BLDC) motors have become the common choice in low power, high speed, high accuracy applications and this imposed the need for efficient and low cost motor control drives. In this paper, a design method for a digital controller implemented in a low cost field programmable gate array (FPGA) is presented. The design is done by schematic capture and Simulink block diagram capture. The developed design is validated in a modular fashion by Simulink-HDL (hardware description language) co-simulation and experimental results are provided. The main contribution is the presented controller design method for FPGA implementation, with special emphasis on simulation validation and FPGA debugging tools usage for signals extraction and analysis.
Dynamic Modeling and Control of an Integrated Reformer-Membrane-Fuel Cell System

Owing to the pollution free nature, higher efficiency and noise free operation, fuel cells have been identified as ideal energy sources for the future. To avoid direct storage of hydrogen due to safety considerations, storing hydrocarbon fuel such as methane and suitably reforming in situ for hydrogen production offers merit for further investigation. Separating the resulting hydrogen in the reformate using membrane separation can directly feed pure gas to the anode side of fuel cell for power generation. Despite the numerous works reported in literature on the dynamic and steady state modeling and analysis of reformers, membrane separation units and fuel cell systems, there has been limited work on an analysis of the integrated system consisting of all the three components. This study focuses on the mathematical modeling and analysis of the integrated reformer, membrane, fuel cell system from first principles in a dynamic framework. A multi loop control strategy is developed and implemented on the mathematical model of the integrated system in which appropriate controllers based on the system dynamics are designed to examine and study the overall closed loop performance to achieve rapidly fluctuating target power demand and rejection of reformer feed and fuel cell coolant temperature disturbances.
[Magic and superstition].

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Malicious browser extensions: A growing threat: A case study on Google Chrome: Ongoing work in progress

Browser extensions are a way through which third party developers provide a set of additional functionalities on top of the traditional functionalities provided by a browser. It has been identified that the browser extension platform can be used by hackers to carry out attacks of sophisticated kinds. These attacks include phishing, spying, DDoS, email spamming, affiliate fraud, mal-advertising, payment frauds etc. In this paper, we showcase the vulnerability of the current browsers to these attacks by taking Google Chrome as the case study as it is a popular browser. The paper also discusses the technical reason which makes it possible for the attackers to launch such attacks via browser extensions. A set of suggestions and solutions that can thwart the attack possibilities has been discussed.
SurfaceConstellation Applications: Use Cases of Ad-Hoc Reconfigurable Cross-Device Workspaces

SurfaceConstellations is a modular hardware platform that allows users to easily create their own novel cross-device environments by assembling multiple mobile surfaces with 3D printed link modules. Our platform combines the advantages of multi-monitor workspaces and multi-surface environments with the flexibility and extensibility of more recent cross-device setups. The platform includes a comprehensive library of 3D-printed link modules to connect and arrange tablets into new workspaces, several strategies for creating new setups, and a web-based visual configuration tool for creating new setups and automatically generating link modules. We will demonstrate different use-case applications across the design space of reconfigurable cross-device workspaces and the configuration tool.
Unconstrained Cross-Sectional Shape Optimisation of Cold-Formed Steel Beams and Beam-Columns

This paper is focused on optimising the cross-sectional shapes of simplysupported, singly-symmetric and open-section cold-formed steel (CFS) beams and beam-columns without manufacturing or assembly constraints. A previously developed Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used in this study. Fully restrained and unrestrained beams against lateral deflection and twist, as well as unrestrained beam-columns are optimised, of which the nominal member capacities are determined by the Direct Strength Method (DSM). The optimised crosssectional shapes are presented and the evolution of the unrestrained crosssectional shapes for various combinations of axial load and bending moment is analysed and discussed. 1 PhD Candidate, Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Australia (b.wang@griffith.edu.au) 2 Senior Lecturer, Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Australia (b.gilbert@griffith.edu.au) 3 Exchange graduate student, Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Australia 4 Professor, Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Australia (h.guan@griffith.edu.au) 5 A/Professor, School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia (lteh@uow.edu.au) Wei-Wen Yu International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A, November 9 & 10, 2016
Sensitivity of rutting and moisture resistance of asphalt mixes to gradation and design air void content

ABSTRACT Bituminous mixes are generally designed with gradation and air void content ranges adopted by different agencies. The selected gradation and binder content are permitted to vary within specified tolerance limits. This leads to the possibility of a wide range of mixes with varying mix performance. Thus, it is essential to understand the influence of variation in these parameters on the performance of mixes. The present study aims to examine the sensitivity of the mix performance to variation within the specified gradation and air void ranges. Five aggregate gradations were considered for designing mixes for the volumetric design criterion of 4% air voids. For three of the five gradations, mixes were also designed for two additional design air void contents, 3% and 5%. Rutting resistance of the mixes was measured using a rut tester and moisture resistance was evaluated in terms of Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR). The densification characteristics represented by voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) values of the mixes prepared using the five aggregate gradations are similar to those of the corresponding aggregate packing characteristics (dry aggregate air voids, DAAV). A good relationship was observed between mix rutting and minimum voids in mineral aggregate and DAAV. Sensitivity analysis carried out with different aggregate gradations, design air void contents and tolerances, indicated that rut depth as well as TSR vary over a wide range for the combinations of mixes considered (all within the gradation, air void content and tolerance limits). Compared to the design air void content, aggregate gradation is found to have significantly larger effect on rut depth whereas both gradation and design air void content have similar effect on the TSR value. Using the results obtained from the present investigation, the Indian Marshall mix design criteria (MoRTH 2013) for stability and flow were revisited and new criteria are proposed.
Evaluation of Software Testing Coverage Tools: An Empirical Study

Code coverage is one of the most important aspects of software testing, which helps software engineers to understand which portion of code has been executed using test suite throughout the software testing process. Automatic testing tools are widely used to provide testing coverage metrics in order to gauge the quality of software, but these tools may suffer from some shortcomings such as the difference among the values of code coverage metric of a given program using different code coverage tools. Therefore, we designed and performed a controlled experiment to investigate whether these tools have a significant difference among the measured values of coverage metric or not. We collected the coverage data that consist of branch, line, statement, and method coverage metrics. Statistically, our findings show that there is a significant difference of code coverage results among the code coverage tools in terms of branch and method coverage metrics.
A VIGS screen identifies immunity in the Arabidopsis Pla‐1 accession to viruses in two different genera of the Geminiviridae

Summary Geminiviruses are DNA viruses that cause severe crop losses in different parts of the world, and there is a need for genetic sources of resistance to help combat them. Arabidopsis has been used as a source for virus‐resistant genes that derive from alterations in essential host factors. We used a virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) vector derived from the geminivirus Cabbage leaf curl virus (CaLCuV) to assess natural variation in virus–host interactions in 190 Arabidopsis accessions. Silencing of CH‐42, encoding a protein needed to make chlorophyll, was used as a visible marker to discriminate asymptomatic accessions from those showing resistance. There was a wide range in symptom severity and extent of silencing in different accessions, but two correlations could be made. Lines with severe symptoms uniformly lacked extensive VIGS, and lines that showed attenuated symptoms over time (recovery) showed a concomitant increase in the extent of VIGS. One accession, Pla‐1, lacked both symptoms and silencing, and was immune to wild‐type infectious clones corresponding to CaLCuV or Beet curly top virus (BCTV), which are classified in different genera in the Geminiviridae. It also showed resistance to the agronomically important Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). Quantitative trait locus mapping of a Pla‐1 X Col‐0 F2 population was used to detect a major peak on chromosome 1, which is designated gip‐1 (geminivirus immunity Pla‐1‐1). The recessive nature of resistance to CaLCuV and the lack of obvious candidate genes near the gip‐1 locus suggest that a novel resistance gene(s) confers immunity.
Fatigue cracking in asphalt mixtures: the effects of ageing and temperature

Bituminous mixtures are viscoelastic materials whose mechanical performance is highly influenced by temperature. In addition, during their service life, these types of materials suffer an ageing process that induces an increase in bitumen viscosity and therefore, a variation in the response of the mixture. The changes produced by these phenomena are mainly manifested in terms of stiffness, which could exert a considerable influence on the fatigue cracking resistance of asphalt materials. In this respect, this article attempts to provide a better understanding of the effect of temperature and ageing on the bituminous mixtures’ resistance to cracking. For this purpose, the rheological response of the binder has been correlated with the mechanical performance of the bituminous mixture. Results obtained showed that binder ageing has a negative impact on fatigue cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures, which would be more notable as the temperature increases.
Intercomparison of total precipitable water measurements made by satellite‐borne microwave radiometers and ground‐based GPS instruments

High‐quality, high temporal resolution measurements of total precipitable water (TPW) can be made by evaluating the vapor‐dependent delay of radio signals reaching land‐based Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers from GPS satellites. These measurements are available since the mid‐1990s when the GPS system became operational. Over the world's oceans, satellite‐borne microwave imaging radiometers have been making measurements of TPW for more than 25 years. In this work, we perform an intercomparison of collocated TPW measurements made by these two disparate systems using measurements from 26 GPS stations located on small islands. The two types of measurements agree well, with typical satellite‐station mean differences of less than 1.0 kg m−2. Analysis revealed several cases of inhomogeneities in the GPS data set, and two deficiencies in the Remote Sensing Systems satellite data, demonstrating the usefulness of intercomparison for improving the accuracy of both types of data. After the individual station, biases were removed, the standard deviation of the overall differences between individual satellites and GPS measurements ranged between 1.60 and 1.94 kg m−2. Twelve GPS stations had overlap time periods long enough to evaluate difference trends, yielding 59 satellite‐station pairs when paired with different satellites. More than half of the pairs (39 of 59) did not show a significant trend. The 20 pairs with significant trends did not show trends of predominantly one sign, suggesting that neither system is plagued by a system‐wide drift in TPW.
Inflammation in Vein Graft Disease

Bypass surgery is one of the most frequently used strategies to revascularize tissues downstream occlusive atherosclerotic lesions. For venous bypass surgery the great saphenous vein is the most commonly used vessel. Unfortunately, graft efficacy is low due to the development of vascular inflammation, intimal hyperplasia and accelerated atherosclerosis. Moreover, failure of grafts leads to significant adverse outcomes and even mortality. The last couple of decades not much has changed in the treatment of vein graft disease (VGD). However, insight is the cellular and molecular mechanisms of VGD has increased. In this review, we discuss the latest insights on VGD and the role of inflammation in this. We discuss vein graft pathophysiology including hemodynamic changes, the role of vessel wall constitutions and vascular remodeling. We show that profound systemic and local inflammatory responses, including inflammation of the perivascular fat, involve both the innate and adaptive immune system.