Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cassini CIRS Observations of Iapetus' Thermal Emission

Cassini s Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS, [1]) mapped Iapetus thermal emission from 7 to approx.300 microns during the spacecraft s December 31st 2004 flyby of the satellite. Short-wavelength spectra were obtained with the CIRS "FP3" (10 - 17 micron) and "FP4" (7 - 10 micron) detector arrays, each consisting of 1 x 10 pixels with a spatial resolution of 0.29 milliradians, while longer wavelength observations used the "FP1" detector, with a single-aperture detector with 4 milliradian diameter. The detectors are scanned across the target to build up an image cube with two spatial dimensions and one spectral dimension. CIRS daytime observations covered the dark terrain of Cassini Regio, except for high northern latitudes which were occupied by bright terrain, while nighttime observations covered a mixture of bright and dark terrain. The 120,000 km flyby distance provided a maximum spatial resolution of 35 km in the FP3 and FP4 detectors, and 500 km in the FP1 detector.
Mutagenic potential of nitrogen mustard-induced formamidopyrimidine DNA adduct: Contribution of the non-canonical (cid:2) -anomer

Nitrogen mustards (NMs) are DNA-alkylating compounds that represent the earliest anticancer drugs. However, clinical use of NMs is limited because of their own mutagenic properties. The mechanisms of NM-induced mutagenesis remain unclear. The major product of DNA alkylation by NMs is a cationic NM-N7-dG adduct that can yield the imidazole ring-fragmented lesion, N 5 -NM-substituted formamidopyrimidine (NM-Fapy-dG). Characterization of this adduct is complicated because it adopts different conformations, including both a canonical (cid:3) - and an unnatural (cid:2) -anomeric configuration. Although formation of NM-Fapy-dG in cellular DNA has been demonstrated, its potential role in NM-induced mutagenesis is unknown. Here, we created site-specifically modified single-stranded vectors for replication in primate (COS7) or Escherichia coli cells. In COS7 cells, NM-Fapy-dG caused targeted mutations, predominantly G 3 T transversions, with overall frequencies of (cid:2) 11–12%. These frequencies were (cid:2) 2-fold higher than that induced by 8-oxo-dG adduct. Replication in E. coli was essentially error-free.ToelucidatethemechanismsofbypassofNM-Fapy-dG,
Evidence-based controls for epidemics using spatio-temporal stochastic 1 models in a Bayesian framework 2

The control of highly infectious diseases of agricultural and plantation crops and livestock represents a key 10 challenge in epidemiological and ecological modelling, with implemented control strategies often being contro11 versial. Mathematical models, including the spatio-temporal stochastic models considered here, are playing an 12 increasing role in the design of control as agencies seek to strengthen the evidence on which selected strategies 13 are based. Here, we investigate a general approach to informing the choice of control strategies using spatio14 temporal models within the Bayesian framework. We illustrate the approach for the case of strategies based 15 on pre-emptive removal of individual hosts. For an exemplar model, using simulated data and historic data on 16 an epidemic of Asiatic citrus canker in Florida, we assess a range of measures for prioritising individuals for 17 removal that take account of observations of an emerging epidemic. These measures are based respectively on 18 the potential infection hazard a host poses to susceptible individuals (hazard), the likelihood of infection of a 19 host (risk) and a measure that combines both the hazard and risk (threat). We find that the threat measure 20 typically leads to the most effective control strategies particularly for clustered epidemics when resources are 21 scarce. The extension of the methods to a range of other settings is discussed. A key feature of the approach is 22 the use of functional-model representations of the epidemic model to couple epidemic trajectories under different 23 control strategies. This induces strong positive correlations between the epidemic outcomes under the respec24 tive controls, serving to reduce both the variance of the difference in outcomes and, consequently, the need for 25 extensive simulation. 26
Huntsville '96: An experiment in ground-based microwave remote sensing of soil moisture

'Huntsville '96' was an experiment in ground-based remote sensing to acquire data needed to test and refine algorithms to estimate soil moisture on bare and vegetated plots. Remote sensing instruments included a L, S, and C band microwave radiometer and a L, C, and X-band radar. The remote sensing measurements were supported with automated and manual measurements of numerous soil and vegetation variables. The remote sensing instruments were able to detect both the large surface moisture changes due to rainfall and subsequent drying as well as the diurnal fluctuations in moisture. These data will be used to refine techniques to estimate moisture in the surface layer of soil, address issues related to the sensitivity of algorithms, the integration of data from passive and active systems, and the use of surface soil moisture estimates to increase the accuracy of soil moisture profile estimates. Although in-depth analyses of the data are underway, collaboration with other investigators is being encouraged.
Accuracy of imaging modalities for adnexal torsion: A systematic review and meta- 1 analysis 2

: 19 Background: Adnexal torsion (AT), a serious gynaecological emergency, often presents with 20 non-specific symptoms leading to delayed diagnosis. 21 Objective: To compare the test accuracy of ultrasound (USS), computerized tomography 22 (CT), and magnetic resonance (MRI) to diagnose AT. 23 Search Strategy: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane CENTRAL Selection criteria : Studies reporting on the accuracy of any imaging modality (Index Test) in 26 females (paediatric and adults) suspected of AT compared to surgical diagnosis and/or 27 standard clinical/radiological follow-up period until resolution of symptoms (Reference 28 Standard). Data collection and Analysis: We assessed study quality using QUADAS-2. We conducted 30 test accuracy meta-analysis using a univariate model or a hierarchical model. 31 Main Results: We screened 3836 citations, included 18 studies (1654 women, 665 cases), 32 and 15 in the meta-analyses. USS pooled sensitivity (n=12, 1187 women) was 0.79 (95%CI 33 0.63–0.92) and specificity was 0.76 (95%CI 0.54–0.93), with a negative and positive 34 likelihood ratio of 0.29 (95%CI 0.13-0.66) and 4.35 (95%CI 2.03-9.32) respectively. Using 35 Doppler with USS (n=7, 845 women) yielded similar sensitivity (0.80, 95%CI 0.67-0.93) and 36 specificity (0.88, 95%CI 0.72-1.00). For MRI (n=3, 99 women), the pooled sensitivity was 37 0.81 (95%CI 0.63-0.91) and specificity was 0.91 (95%CI 0.80-0.96). A meta-analysis for CT 38 was not possible with two case-control and one cohort studies (n=3, 232 women). Its 39 sensitivity range was 0.74-0.95, and specificity was 0.80-0.90. Conclusions: Ultrasound has good performance as a first-line diagnostic test for suspected 41 AT. Magnetic resonance could offer improved specificity to investigate complex ovarian 42 morphology, but more evidence is needed. 46 Tweetable abstract : To investigate adnexal torsion, ultrasound is a good first-line diagnostic 47 test with a pooled sensitivity of 0.79 and specificity of 0.76.
RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY Fat Grafting in Patients With Extensive Unilateral Facial Deficiency Three-Dimensional Computer-Assisted Planning, Implementation, and Outcome Assessment

Purpose: Autologous fat injection is a widely used, simple, and less invasive technique to correct volume deficiency. This study developed a treatment method by using a 3-dimensional (3D) simulation to plan and implement fat injection in patients with an extensive facial deficiency and then validated the accuracy of the method and treatment outcomes. Methods: Seven patients with a large unilateral facial deficiency receiving autologous fat grafts between 2015 and 2017 were recruited. One patient received repeated treatment. Furthermore, 3D surgical simulation was used to measure the difference between the mirrored image and lesion side. An extra 20% to 30% of fat graft was added. A color map was provided, and contour lines 2 mm deep marked the location of the fat injection. Outcome assessments were then performed, and a 3D symmetry index was defined using the contour lines on the facial surface. Results: No significant difference was noted between the predicted volume and postoperative fat graft retention (35.7 ± 7.4 and 31.6 ± 9.7 mL, respectively; P = 0.176). A comparison of preoperative (79.5% ± 4.3%) and postoperative (89.0%± 3.3%) 3D symmetry indexes indicated significantly improved facial symmetry (P = 0.018). Patient-reported outcomes of satisfaction on FACE-Q questionnaires yielded an average score of 62.73, higher than the control score (59.83). Conclusions: By using the proposed method, we could predict the required fat graft volume; moreover, the contoured map aided accurate surgical implementation. Thus, this method is useful for planning and guiding fat grafting treatment in patients with major unilateral facial deficiency.
Improved simulation of Indian summer monsoon in latest NCEP climate forecast system free run

Simulation of Indian summer monsoon features by latest coupled model of National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEPs) Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) is attempted in its long run. Improvements in the simulation of Indian summer monsoon as compared with previous version (CFSv1) is accessed and areas which still require considerable refinements are introduced. It is found that, spatial pattern of seasonal mean rainfall and wind circulations are more realistic in CFSv2 as compared with CFSv1. Variance and northward propagation of intraseasonal oscillation (ISO), which also contribute to the seasonal mean rainfall are remarkably improved. However, the central Indian dry bias still persists and amplified. Pervasive cold bias in surface (2 m air temperature) as well as in the whole troposphere is further increased in CFSv2. These cold biases may be partly attributed to the lack of model's ability to realistically simulate the ratio of convective and stratiform rainfall. Sea‐surface temperature (SST) over the Indian Ocean is underestimated in CFSv2. However, CFSv1 shows east–west dipole structure in the bias. The teleconnection of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) in terms of Niño3 SST and monsoon rainfall correlation is more realistic in the latest version of the model. Overall, there are substantial improvements in CFSv2 as compared with CFSv1, but it has to evolve further to realistically simulate the mean and variability of ISMR.
Seasonal variation of CO2 saturation in the Gulf of Bothnia: Indications of marine net heterotrophy

Seasonal variation of pCO2 and primary and bacterioplankton production were measured in the Gulf of Bothnia during an annual cycle. Surface water was supersaturated with CO2 on an annual basis, indicating net heterotrophy and a source of CO2 to the atmosphere. However, the Gulf of Bothnia oscillated between being a sink and a source of CO2 over the studied period, largely decided by temporal variation in bacterial respiration (BR) and primary production (PP) in the water column above the pycnocline. The calculated annual respiration‐production balance (BR‐PP) was very similar to the estimated CO2 emission from the Gulf of Bothnia, which indicates that these processes were major determinants of the exchange of CO2 between water and atmosphere. The southern basin (the Bothnian Sea) had a lower net release of CO2 to the atmosphere than the northern Bothnian Bay (7.1 and 9.7 mmol C m−2 d−1, respectively), due to higher primary production, which to a larger extent balanced respiration in this basin.
Pediatric Urology A Systematic Review of Complications of Minimally Invasive Surgery in the Pediatric Urological Literature

Purpose: Minimally invasive surgery has been gaining momentum in pediatric urology and it is essential to analyze the unique complications pertinent to this approach. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate pediatric minimally invasive surgery complications in the published urological literature. Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed /MEDLINE using relevant pediatric minimally invasive surgery terminology and applied specified eligibility criteria. The Clavien-Dindo classification scheme was used to categorize postoperative complications. For studies not using Clavien-Dindo, complications were recategorized into Clavien-Dindo grades. Primary outcome was frequency of grade III complications and conversions to open surgery. Covariates were surgery type (pyeloplasty, nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy, ureteral reimplantation and complex reconstruction) and surgical approach (laparoscopic, robotic assisted and/or laparoendoscopic single site). Proportions were compared using the chi-square test (a[0.05). Results: Overall 123 studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting outcomes of 5,864 patients. About a third (35.8%) of studies used the Clavien-Dindo classification. Nephrectomy had a significantly lower frequency of grade III complications (1.18%) compared to pyeloplasty (3.64%), ureteral reimplantation (6.65%) and complex reconstruction (11.76%) (p <0.05). Complex reconstruction had a significantly higher frequency of grade III complications (11.39%) compared to all other analyzed surgeries (p <0.05). Conclusions: The rate of complications and open conversions varies by surgical procedure in pediatric urological minimally invasive surgery. Despite the existence of a standardized complication classification system, the majority of reviewed publications did not report complications in a standardized fashion. Our findings call for more robust studies in pediatric minimally invasive surgery and universal implementation of standardized complication reporting.
EFFORTFUL CONTROL DEVELOPMENT IN THE FACE OF HARSHNESS AND UNPREDICTABILITY by

4 Introduction.5 Effortful Control.6 Influences on Development: A Life History Theory Perspective.11 Influences on Development: Harsh and Unpredictable Environments.16 Methods.24 Proposed study sample.24 Treatment of missing data.25 Measures.27 Analyses.31 Results.32 Post-hoc Exploratory Factor Analysis.34 Discussion.36 Neighborhood Harshness Predicts Effortful Control.37 Early Unpredictability and Effortful Control.40 Limitations and Future Directions.41 Conclusion.43 References.45 Tables.52 Figures.56
Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Hospitalized Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Epidemiology and Prevention

respectively ( P =0.05; number needed to treat=8.5). Adverse event rates within 30 days of study drug discontinuation were similar between groups (serious adverse events: varenicline 11.9%, placebo 11.3%; major adverse cardiovascular events: varenicline 4.0%, placebo 4.6%). Conclusions —Varenicline, initiated in-hospital following ACS, is efficacious for smoking cessation. Future studies are needed to establish safety in these patients.
An application of the 2–D D.C. Resistivity method in Building Site Investigation – a case study: Southsouth Nigeria.

A 2-D D.C resistivity method was employed in the investigation of a building site in south- south Nigeria using the double-dipole technique. The aim was to establish the existence of a subsurface geologic structure in the study area. Two profiles were occupied and the resulting pseudosections delineated four distinct geologic layers. The first layer indicates the presence of clay; the second layer indicates the presence of highly weathered rock materials, the third layer indicate the presence of partly weathered/ fractured basement materials and the fourth layer constitute the fresh bedrock material. The presence of a geologic structure which is most probably a fracture was established and it was concluded to be a potential source of building failure in the site especially if the building is constructed across the geologic structure. Key words: Resistivity, Geologic structure, Building site, Failure.
Alterations in the (cid:1) Flap and (cid:1)(cid:2) Dock Domains of the RNA Polymerase Abolish NusA-Mediated Feedback Regulation of the metY - nusA - infB Operon (cid:1)

The RimM protein in Escherichia coli is important for the in vivo maturation of 30S ribosomal subunits and a (cid:1) rimM mutant grows poorly due to assembly and translational defects. These deﬁciencies are suppressed partially by mutations that increase the synthesis of another assembly protein, RbfA, encoded by the metY- nusA-infB operon. Among these suppressors are mutations in nusA that impair the NusA-mediated negative-feedback regulation at internal intrinsic transcriptional terminators of the metY-nusA-infB operon. We describe here the isolation of two new mutations, one in rpoB and one in rpoC (encoding the (cid:2) and (cid:2) (cid:1) subunits of the RNA polymerase, respectively), that increase the synthesis of RbfA by preventing NusA from stimulating termination at the internal intrinsic transcriptional terminators of the metY-nusA-infB operon. The rpoB2063 mutation changed the isoleucine in position 905 of the (cid:2) ﬂap-tip helix to a serine, while the rpoC2064 mutation duplicated positions 415 to 416 (valine-isoleucine) at the base of the (cid:2) (cid:1) dock domain. These ﬁndings support previously published in vitro results, which have suggested that the (cid:2) ﬂap-tip (22). Several clones with a mini-Tn 10 Cm linked to sdr-47 were identiﬁed by transducing strain MW37 ( (cid:3) rimM102 ) with phage P1 grown on the library, selecting for chloramphenicol resistance (Cm r ) and screening for faster growth than that of strain MW37. One clone had a mini-Tn 10 Cm ( xxx-2423 ::miniTn 10 Cm) ca. 50% linked to sdr-47 as demonstrated by back- crosses to strain MW37 ( (cid:3) rimM102 ). From one of the backcrosses, strain GOB125 ( (cid:3) rimM102 sdr-47 xxx-2423 ::miniTn 10 Cm) was isolated and used to transfer sdr-47 to a rimM (cid:7) background by P1 transduction of the wild-type strain MW100, resulting in strain GOB250 ( sdr-47 xxx-2423 ::miniTn 10 Cm) that showed a temperature-sensitive growth phenotype. To examine whether also the suppressor mutations sdr-36 and sdr-46 were linked to xxx-2423 ::miniTn 10 Cm, phage P1 grown on strain GOB249 ( rimM (cid:7) xxx-2423 ::miniTn 10 Cm), congenic to strain GOB250, was used to transduce the suppressor strains PW102 ( (cid:3) rimM102 sdr- 36 ) and PW112 ( (cid:3) rimM102 sdr-46 ) selecting for Cm r . The growth of the obtained transductants was examined by scoring the colony sizes after single-cell streaks on rich medium plates and sdr-36 and sdr-46 , as well as sdr (cid:7) , deriv-atives were obtained showing that xxx-2423 ::miniTn 10 Cm was genetically linked also to sdr-36 and sdr-46 . Accordingly, strains MW171 ( (cid:3) rimM102 sdr (cid:7) xxx-2423 ::miniTn 10 Cm), MW172
A spectroradiometer for the measurement of direct and scattered solar irradiance from on-board the NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft

A compact, diode-array spectrophotometer has been designed to make measurements of the downward spectral flux on a horizontal surface, the limb brightness and the apparent brightness in the nadir direction from on-board the NASA ER-2 research aircraft. The instrument was included as part of the photochemical payload used for the Stratospheric Photochemistry, Aerosol and Dynamics Expedition (SPADE) of the NASA High-Speed Research Program. The spectrophotometer is based on a 1024-element, randomly-addressable Reticon photodiode array and makes measurements covering the 300 to 775 nm spectral region at a resolution of about 1 nm. Some aspects of the design and the performance of the instrument during SPADE will be presented. The direct-beam, spectral measurements are in good agreement with modelled data (MODTRAN).
Constructive Neural Network Learning Algorithms for Pattern Classiication

Constructive learning algorithms ooer an attractive approach for the incremental construction of near-minimal neural network architectures for pattern classiication. They help overcome the need for ad hoc and often inappropriate choices of network topology in the use of algorithms that search for suitable weights in a priori xed network architectures. Several such algorithms have been proposed in the literature and are shown to converge to zero classiication errors (under certain assumptions) on tasks that involve learning a binary to binary mapping (i.e., classiication problems involving binary valued input attributes and two output categories). We present two constructive learning algorithms MPyramid-real and MTiling-real that extend the pyramid 19] and tiling 32] algorithms respectively for learning real to M-ary mappings (i.e., classiication problems involving real valued input attributes and multiple output classes). We prove the convergence of these algorithms and empirically demonstrate their applicability on practical pattern classiication problems. Additionally, we show how the incorporation of a local pruning step can eliminate several redundant neurons from MTiling-real networks.
A method for robust variable selection with significance assessment

Our goal is proposing an unbiased framework for gene expression analysis based on variable selection combined with a significance assessment step. We start by discussing the need of such a framework by illustrating the dramatic effect of a biased approach especially when the sample size is small. Then we describe our analysis protocol, based on two main ingredients. The first is a gene selection core, based on elastic net regularization where we explicitly take into account regularization parameter tuning. The second is a general architecture to assess the statistical significance of the model via cross validation and permutation testing. Finally we challenge the system on real data experiments, and study its performance when changing variable selection algorithm or the dataset size.
OPINION Management of the penile squamous cell carcinoma patient after node positive radical inguinal lymph node dissection: current evidence and future prospects

Purpose of review The level of evidence for current (adjuvant) treatment strategies after node positive inguinal lymphadenectomy is relatively low because of a paucity of prospective studies and controversy exist between the two major guidelines. The present review aims to provide a review of current literature on the available treatment options of patients after a tumor positive inguinal lymph node dissection.
Differences between counties in the prescribing of clozapine

St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Department of Østmarka and Institute of Mental Health Norwegian University of Science and Technology He has contributed to the idea, data collection, analysis and interpretation, drafting of the manuscript and approval of the submitted manuscript version. Morten Brix Schou, specialist in psychiatry and senior consultant. The author has completed the ICMJE form and declares no conflicts of interest.