Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychological Correlates of Depression: 1. Frequency of “Masochistic” Dream Content in a Private Practice Sample

&NA; In the course of the psychoanalytic treatment of patients with neurotic‐depressive reactions, it was noted that there was a high incidence of dreams with unpleasant content. This unpleasant content was of a particular kind; namely, the dreamer was the recipient of rejection, disappointment, humiliation, or similar unpleasant experiences in the dream content. A rating scale was constructed for the objective identification of these unpleasant themes, which were labelled “masochistic. ” This rating scale was applied to the first 20 dreams in treatment of 6 patients who had the diagnosis of neurotic depression and to the dreams of 6 nondepressed patients. The 2 groups were matched as closely as possible on the basis of sex, age, and estimated degree of psychopathology. The total sample of 240 dreams was randomized and then subjected to a “blind” scoring by the junior author. The dreams were also scored by the senior author for a reliability check, and 95 per cent agreement was obtained. The depressed patients showed a significantly higher number of dreams with “masochistic” content than the nondepressed patients (P=.025). Cross‐validation and multiple‐validation studies are necessary to confirm these findings. These results appear to be consistent with the psychoanalytic concept of inverted hostility in depressed patients. Future studies will attempt to establish whether there is any correlation between other clinical manifestations of masochism and the occurrence of “masochistic” dream content.
Misidentification of Unusual AeromonasSpecies as Members of the Genus Vibrio: a Continuing Problem

ABSTRACT Two unusual cases of Aeromonas infection are described, one associated with bacteremia (Aeromonas schubertii) and another in which the organism was recovered from an infected gall bladder (Aeromonas veronii biotype veronii). These strains were initially identified as Vibrio damsela andVibrio cholerae by the Vitek and API 20E systems, respectively. Use of appropriate screening tests and familiarity with the newer Aeromonas species could prevent initial misidentifications and potential public health consequences.
Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells: New Insights into Antigen Recognition and Activation

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a novel subpopulation of innate-like T cells that express an invariant T cell receptor (TCR)α chain and a diverse TCRβ chain, can recognize a distinct set of small molecules, vitamin B metabolites, derived from some bacteria, fungi but not viruses, in the context of an evolutionarily conserved major histocompatibility complex-related molecule 1 (MR1). This implies that MAIT cells may play unique and important roles in host immunity. Although viral antigens are not recognized by this limited TCR repertoire, MAIT cells are known to be activated in a TCR-independent mechanism during some viral infections, such as hepatitis C virus and influenza virus. In this article, we will review recent works in MAIT cell antigen recognition, activation and the role MAIT cells may play in the process of bacterial and viral infections and pathogenesis of non-infectious diseases.
Geographical Distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi Genotypes in Venezuela

Chagas disease is an endemic zoonosis native to the Americas and is caused by the kinetoplastid protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. The parasite is also highly genetically diverse, with six discrete typing units (DTUs) reported TcI – TcVI. These DTUs broadly correlate with several epidemiogical, ecological and pathological features of Chagas disease. In this manuscript we report the most comprehensive evaluation to date of the genetic diversity of T. cruzi in Venezuela. The dataset includes 778 samples collected and genotyped over the last twelve years from multiple hosts and vectors, including nine wild and domestic mammalian host species, and seven species of triatomine bug, as well as from human sources. Most isolates (732) can be assigned to the TcI clade (94.1%); 24 to the TcIV group (3.1%) and 22 to TcIII (2.8%). Importantly, among the 95 isolates genotyped from human disease cases, 79% belonged to TcI - a DTU common in the Americas, however, 21% belonged to TcIV- a little known genotype previously thought to be rare in humans. Furthermore, were able to assign multiple oral Chagas diseases cases to TcI in the area around the capital, Caracas. We discuss our findings in the context of T. cruzi DTU distributions elsewhere in the Americas, and evaluate the impact they have on the future of Chagas disease control in Venezuela.
Teicoplanin versus nafcillin and vancomycin in the treatment of experimental endocarditis caused by methicillin-susceptible or -resistant Staphylococcus aureus

In rabbits with experimentally induced endocarditis, the efficacy of teicoplanin compared favorably both with that of nafcillin for infection by a methicillin-susceptible strain of Staphylococcus aureus and with that of vancomycin for infection by a methicillin-resistant strain of S. aureus. In a 4-day treatment regimen, teicoplanin was as effective as either nafcillin or vancomycin in eliminating organisms from aortic valve vegetations in the respective infection. In a 10-day regimen for methicillin-resistant S. aureus endocarditis, both teicoplanin and vancomycin sterilized the vegetations of some rabbits, but the relapse rate was high for both. These results justify further investigation into the role of teicoplanin for the treatment of serious infections caused by S. aureus.
A specification and code generation tool for message translation and validation

This paper describes the Message Translation and Validation (MTV) problem common to most computer-based applications, and a model-based solution to the problem that is supported by a tool. An early version of the MTV model was used by Granite Sentry Phase II in the late eighties and later by the Air Force PRISM program at ESC in the nineties. Accel obtained an SBIR Phase I and II contract to extend the MTV model, convert it from Ada83 to Ada95, and to provide tool support to ease the specification of message formats and automate the MTV code generation. This paper will describe the solution and benefits, its usage, some lessons learned, and future directions.
The mismatch repair‐mediated cell cycle checkpoint response to fluorodeoxyuridine

The loss of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is responsible for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and a subset of sporadic tumors. Acquired resistance or tolerance to some anti‐cancer drugs occurs when MMR function is impaired. 5‐Fluorouracil (FU), an anti‐cancer drug used in the treatment of advanced colorectal and other cancers, and its metabolites are incorporated into RNA and DNA and inhibit thymidylate synthase resulting in depletion of dTTP and incorporation in DNA of uracil. Although the MMR deficiency has been implicated in tolerance to FU, the mechanism of cell killing remains unclear. Here, we examine the cellular response to fluorodeoxyuridine (FdU) and the role of the MMR system. After brief exposure of cells to low doses of FdU, MMR mediates DNA damage signaling during S‐phase and triggers arrest in G2/M in the first cell cycle in a manner requiring MutSα, MutLα, and DNA replication. Cell cycle arrest is mediated by ATR kinase and results in phosphorylation of Chk1 and SMC1. MutSα binds FdU:G mispairs in vitro consistent with its being a DNA damage sensor. Prolonged treatment with FdU results in an irreversible arrest in G2 that is independent of MMR status and leads to the accumulation of DNA lesions that are targeted by the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Thus, MMR can act as a direct sensor of FdU‐mediated DNA lesions eliciting cell cycle arrest via the ATR/Chk1 pathway. However, at higher levels of damage, other damage surveillance pathways such as BER also play important roles. J. Cell. Biochem. 105: 245–254, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
VASP-E: Specificity Annotation with a Volumetric Analysis of Electrostatic Isopotentials

Algorithms for comparing protein structure are frequently used for function annotation. By searching for subtle similarities among very different proteins, these algorithms can identify remote homologs with similar biological functions. In contrast, few comparison algorithms focus on specificity annotation, where the identification of subtle differences among very similar proteins can assist in finding small structural variations that create differences in binding specificity. Few specificity annotation methods consider electrostatic fields, which play a critical role in molecular recognition. To fill this gap, this paper describes VASP-E (Volumetric Analysis of Surface Properties with Electrostatics), a novel volumetric comparison tool based on the electrostatic comparison of protein-ligand and protein-protein binding sites. VASP-E exploits the central observation that three dimensional solids can be used to fully represent and compare both electrostatic isopotentials and molecular surfaces. With this integrated representation, VASP-E is able to dissect the electrostatic environments of protein-ligand and protein-protein binding interfaces, identifying individual amino acids that have an electrostatic influence on binding specificity. VASP-E was used to examine a nonredundant subset of the serine and cysteine proteases as well as the barnase-barstar and Rap1a-raf complexes. Based on amino acids established by various experimental studies to have an electrostatic influence on binding specificity, VASP-E identified electrostatically influential amino acids with 100% precision and 83.3% recall. We also show that VASP-E can accurately classify closely related ligand binding cavities into groups with different binding preferences. These results suggest that VASP-E should prove a useful tool for the characterization of specific binding and the engineering of binding preferences in proteins.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling To Determine the Dose of ST-246 To Protect against Smallpox in Humans

ABSTRACT Although smallpox has been eradicated, the United States government considers it a “material threat” and has funded the discovery and development of potential therapeutic compounds. As reported here, the human efficacious dose for one of these compounds, ST-246, was determined using efficacy studies in nonhuman primates (NHPs), together with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis that predicted the appropriate dose and exposure levels to provide therapeutic benefit in humans. The efficacy analysis combined the data from studies conducted at three separate facilities that evaluated treatment following infection with a closely related virus, monkeypox virus (MPXV), in a total of 96 NHPs. The effect of infection on ST-246 pharmacokinetics in NHPs was applied to humans using population pharmacokinetic models. Exposure at the selected human dose of 600 mg is more than 4-fold higher than the lowest efficacious dose in NHPs and is predicted to provide protection to more than 95% of the population.
Minimizing Multi-resource Energy for Real-Time Systems with Discrete Operation Modes

Energy conservation is an important issue in the design of embedded systems. Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) and Dynamic Power Management (DPM) are two widely used techniques for saving energy in such systems. In this paper, we address the problem of minimizing multi-resource energy consumption concerning both CPU and devices. A system is assumed to contain a fixed number of real-time tasks scheduled to run on a DVS-enabled processor, and a fixed number of off-chip devices used by the tasks during their executions. We will study the non-trivial time and energy overhead of device state transitions between active and sleep states. Our goal is to find optimal schedules providing not only the execution order and CPU frequencies of tasks, but also the time points for device state transitions. We adopt the frame-based real-time task model, and develop optimization algorithms based on 0-1 Integer Non-Linear Programming (0-1 INLP) for different system configurations. Simulation results indicate that our approach can significantly outperform existing techniques in terms of energy savings.
Deconstructing Domain Names to Reveal Latent Topics

Measurement of the lexical properties of domain names enables many types of relatively fast, lightweight web mining analyses. These include unsupervised learning tasks such as automatic categorization and clustering of websites, as well as supervised learning tasks, such as classifying websites as malicious or benign. In this paper we explore whether these tasks can be better accomplished by identifying semantically coherent groups of words in a large set of domain names using a combination of word segmentation and topic modeling methods. By segmenting domain names to generate a large set of new domain-level features, we compare three different unsupervised learning methods for identifying topics among domain name keywords: spherical k-means clustering (SKM), Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), and the Biterm Topic Model (BTM). We successfully infer semantically coherent groups of words in two independent data sets, finding that BTM topics are quantitatively the most coherent. Using the BTM, we compare inferred topics across data sets and across time periods, and we also highlight instances of homophony within the topics. Finally, we show that the BTM topics can be used as features to improve the interpretability of a supervised learning model for the detection of malicious domain names. To our knowledge this is the first large-scale empirical analysis of the co-occurrence patterns of words within domain names.
ATM mutations on distinct SNP and STR haplotypes in ataxia‐telangiectasia patients of differing ethnicities reveal ancestral founder effects

Due to the large size (150 kb) of the ataxia‐telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene and the existence of over 400 mutations, identifying mutations in patients with ataxia‐telangiectasia (A‐T) is labor intensive. We compared the SNP and STR haplotypes of A‐T patients from varying ethnicities who were carrying common ATM mutations. We used SSCP to determine SNP haplotypes. To our surprise, all of the most common ATM mutations in our large multiethnic cohort were associated with specific SNP haplotypes, whereas the STR haplotypes varied, suggesting that ATM mutations predated STR haplotypes but not SNP haplotypes. We conclude that these frequently observed ATM mutations are not hot spots, but have occurred only once and spread with time to different ethnic populations. More generally, a combination of SNP and STR haplotyping could be used as a screening strategy for identifying mutations in other large genes by first determining the ancestral SNP and STR haplotypes in order to identify specific founder mutations. We estimate this approach will identify approximately 30% of mutations in A‐T patients across all ethnic groups. Hum Mutat 21:80–85, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mindfulness and Learning: Celebrating the Affective Dimension of Education

List of Acronyms. - About the Author. - Editorial by Series Editors. - Preface. - 1. The Therapeutic Turn in Education. - 2. Education and Therapy. - 3. The Nature of Mindfulness. - 4. The Practice of Mindfulness. - 5. Applications of Mindfulness. - 6. The Education of the Emotions. - 7. The Affective Domain of Education. - 8. Learning, Teaching and Curriculum. - 9. From School to Lifelong Learning. - 10. Vocational Education and Training. - 11. Professionalism, Research and Teaching. - 12. Mindfulness, Morals and the Aims of Education. - General References. - Index.
ATP-Dependent Chromatin-Remodeling Complexes

The importance of histones and chromatin structure in the regulation of eukaryotic gene transcription has become much more widely accepted over the past few years. It has been clear for a decade that histones contribute to the regulation of transcription both in vitro and in vivo (reviewed in references 14, 34, 50, 64, and 120). More recent studies have led to the striking observation that several protein complexes involved in transcription regulation can function, at least in part, by modifying histones or altering chromatin structure (for recent reviews, see references 3, 44, 49, 51, 52, 87, 100, and 119). While it is clear that many of these protein complexes have functions in addition to chromatin modification, they illustrate the importance of chromatin structure as a part of transcription regulation mechanisms. The most widely characterized chromatin-modifying complexes studied to date can be classified into two major groups, based on their modes of action, as follows: (i) ATP-dependent complexes, which use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to locally disrupt or alter the association of histones with DNA, and (ii) histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) complexes, which regulate the transcriptional activity of genes by determining the level of acetylation of the amino-terminal domains of nucleosomal histones associated with them. This review will focus primarily on the ATP-dependent remodeling complexes. For recent reviews of HAT and HDAC complexes, see references 5, 20, 31, and 55. Here we provide an organized listing of the ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes described to date and illustrate the relationships between their subunits. We also review the data available with regard to their mechanisms of action and promoter targeting as well as regulation of their activity. Finally, we examine the relationship between these complexes and the HAT complexes.
Text Mining as Integration of Several Related Research Areas: Report on KDD'2000 Workshop on Text Mining

In this paper we give an overview of the KDD’2000 W orkshop on Text Mining that was held in Boston, MA on August 2 0, 000. We report in detail on the research issues covered in the papers presented at the Workshop and during the group disc ussion held in the final session of the Workshop.
Virtual Platforms and Timing Analysis: Status, Challenges and Future Directions

This paper outlines a methodology based on virtual platforms and timing analysis to perform the exploration and selection of automotive architecture solutions. The analysis provides a quantitative evaluation of architecture options with respect to para-functional metrics. The satisfaction of deadline constraints and the optimization with respect to latency on end-to-end computations is considered. In addition, we discuss to what degree existing standards, including OSEK and AUTOSAR and model-based development practices can support the development of time predictable software and what is required to move toward the desirable goal of timing isolation when integrating multiple applications into the same execution platform. Finally, the paper provides a quick glance at recent results in the the optimization of the software architecture for complex distributed systems with respect to worst case timing behavior.
ATMOSPHERIC CHANNEL EFFECTS ON TERRESTRIAL FREE SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION LINKS

This paper illustrates the challenges imposed by the atmospheric channel on the design of a terrestrial laser communication link. The power loss due to scattering effect is described using the Kim/Kruse scattering model while the effect and the penalty imposed by atmospheric turbulence is highlighted by considering the bit error rate (BER) of an On- Off Keying modulated link in an optical Poisson channel. The power loss due to thick fog can measure over 100 dB/km while snow and rain result in much lower attenuation. We show that non-uniformity in the atmospheric temperature also contributes to performance deterioration due to scintillation effect. At a BER of 10 -4 , for a channel with a turbulence strength of >0.1, the penalty imposed by turbulence induced fading is over 20 photoelectron counts in order to achieve the same level of performance as a channel with no fading. The work reported here is part of the EU COST actions and EU projects.
Interactive de novo Molecular Design and Visualization

Synthesis of small molecules that improve on the curative properties of existing drugs or that are effective in previously untreatable illnesses is a very hard task, a task on which pharmaceutical companies are investing enormous amounts of resources. Computational methods become therefore an interesting solution when they can effectively replace the time consuming and expensive design, synthesis and test phases.The Idea was to integrate the expert knowledge of (medicinal) chemists in the evaluation loop. Doing so in an efficient way is not a trivial task, since one has to 1) minimize the number of times the system resorts to the expensive human oracle, and 2) use a form of interaction suitable for humans. The research investigate novel ways to exploit the human visual perceptive system in chemists, so as to display the molecular space in a 3D rendering which is conductive to valuable insights.
Assignment of syllable stress in a demisyllable-based text-to-speech synthesis system

An algorithm developed to determine the stress pattern of polysyllabic words in English is discussed. Stress is one determinant of word pronunciation in English, and the algorithm is an important component of a demisyllable-based text-to-speech synthesis system. The algorithm is a computationally efficient and accurate system for assigning primary stress to English words. <<ETX>>
A Process Model of Empowerment for Women in Group Settings.

The significance/importance of relationships and connection of women in working through emotional distress and building personal empowerment is illustrated in the process laodel. The group process model of empowerment draws from both the current theories of women's psychological development and social interaction theory in illustrating the process toward empowerment occurring in females in group settings. A shelter group, designed for battered women, can provide the genesis for self-empowerment, a missing component in the adult development for most of these women. The evaluation of other women's groups demonstrates the occurrence of the empowerment process in diverse group settings. The process of instilling compassion for oneself and others, and engaging in mutually satisfying and empowering relationship can enrich the understanding of women's groups for work, study, support, pee,: supervision, friendship, business, research, activity, political action, governance, and peace keeping. Personal empowerment for women is essential to changing the institutional and societal conditions that currently contribute to the "disempowerment" of women. The process model can serve to structure and enhance groups designed for women's empowerment. For where women gather together, there exists a potentially fertile environment to develop connections and to attain personal empowerment. (ABL) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ********************************************************************** Process Model of Empowerment 1. A process model of empowerment for women in group settings.