Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bangladeshi style: A way of facial artistic stylization in visual effects

In computer graphics field, stroke-based painterly rendering (SBPR) is the program to convert photographs into paintings, such as oil painting, watercolor and sketches. Beyond specific techniques to render real photographs, major challenge is how to understand real photographs as human visual perception and cognition according to artists' painting motivation, which parts should be drawn and how to draw strokes. Before starting to draw with pigments, real artists commonly draw a sketch using simple lines to mark out final stroke layouts which navigate to control stroke drawing trajectories and poses. This can be treated as a blue print in their mind. In SBPR, it is also a powerful tool to guide strokes configuration. In this paper, we propose a image-based method to extract this blue print called guidelines (GL). We generate GL by combining color gradient and morphological structure of real photographs. In the experiment, we apply our GL into Bangladeshi traditional mask automatic animation generation with webcam video. The results show that our method is sufficient and efficient to assist SBPR generation.
Role of Fraction 1 Antigen of Yersinia pestis in Inhibition of Phagocytosis

ABSTRACT Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, expresses a capsule-like antigen, fraction 1 (F1), at 37°C. F1 is encoded by the caf1 gene located on the large 100-kb pFra plasmid, which is unique to Y. pestis. F1 is a surface polymer composed of a protein subunit, Caf1, with a molecular mass of 15.5 kDa. The secretion and assembly of F1 require the caf1M and caf1A genes, which are homologous to the chaperone and usher protein families required for biogenesis of pili. F1 has been implicated to be involved in the ability of Y. pestis to prevent uptake by macrophages. In this study we addressed the role of F1 antigen in inhibition of phagocytosis by the macrophage-like cell line J774. The Y. pestis strain EV76 was found to be highly resistant to uptake by J774 cells. An in-frame deletion of the caf1M gene of the Y. pestis strain EV76 was constructed and found to be unable to express F1 polymer on the bacterial surface. This strain had a somewhat lowered ability to prevent uptake by J774 cells. Strain EV76C, which is cured for the virulence plasmid common to the pathogenic Yersinia species, was, as expected, much reduced in its ability to resist uptake. A strain lacking both the virulence plasmid and caf1M was even further hampered in the ability to prevent uptake and, in this case, essentially all bacteria (95%) were phagocytosed. Thus, F1 and the virulence plasmid-encoded type III system act in concert to make Y. pestis highly resistant to uptake by phagocytes. In contrast to the type III effector proteins YopE and YopH, F1 did not have any influence on the general phagocytic ability of J774 cells. Expression of F1 also reduced the number of bacteria that interacted with the macrophages. This suggests that F1 prevents uptake by interfering at the level of receptor interaction in the phagocytosis process.
Design of adjustable compliant mechanism for service robot

Robotic technology has become more interested field to safely interact with the human. Therefore, there is a need to continuously improve the mathematical models and flexibility of robot arm when subjected to a collision force in order to reduce environmental impact, but maintain very high stiffness otherwise. To implement these requirements, adjustable compliant mechanism (ACM), which consists of flat plate spring (FPS), two thin disks, ball bearing and stepper motor, is proposed in this research. The ACM has advantages of variable stiffness which can be achieved only by passive mechanical elements. The theoretical relation between spring stiffness and rotational angle was derived for rectangular cross section. Comparison was made between three types of materials used for FPS which were AISI Steel 4340, Brass and Aluminum 6061 T6. The steel spring exhibited the best flexibility and good rigidity as well. Several of impact forces showed the variable stiffness of the FPS, but an abrupt drops in the stiffness when rotational angle was 90° under various impact forces. Furthermore, the stiffness and impact force can be set to any value depending on the application.
Valid Items for Screening Dysphagia Risk in Patients With Stroke: A Systematic Review

Background and Purpose— Screening for dysphagia is essential to the implementation of preventive therapies for patients with stroke. A systematic review was undertaken to determine the evidence-based validity of dysphagia screening items using instrumental evaluation as the reference standard. Methods— Four databases from 1985 through March 2011 were searched using the terms cerebrovascular disease, stroke deglutition disorders, and dysphagia. Eligibility criteria were: homogeneous stroke population, comparison to instrumental examination, clinical examination without equipment, outcome measures of dysphagia or aspiration, and validity of screening items reported or able to be calculated. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were evaluated for methodological rigor. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive capabilities were calculated for each item. Results— Total source documents numbered 832; 86 were reviewed in full and 16 met inclusion criteria. Study quality was variable. Testing swallowing, generally with water, was the most commonly administered item across studies. Both swallowing and nonswallowing items were identified as predictive of aspiration. Neither swallowing protocols nor validity were consistent across studies. Conclusions— Numerous behaviors were found to be associated with aspiration. The best combination of nonswallowing and swallowing items as well as the best swallowing protocol remains unclear. Findings of this review will assist in development of valid clinical screening instruments.
Established Definitions of Super-Critical Operational Modes as Automotive System Requirements

This paper introduces and elaborates on Super-Critical Operational Modes (SCOMs) within automotive systems. In the landscape of increasingly software-centric automotive functionalities, SCOMs are pivotal for maneuvering through severe operational disruptions while ensuring vehicle safety and longevity. Distinctly diverging from the traditional focus on normal operational modes and isolated component failures, this research accentuates the imperative need for a systematic understanding and mitigation of SCOMs. A nuanced classification system is proposed for SCOMs: Type I (Mild), Type II (Moderate), and Type III (Severe) intensities, each distinguished by their respective intensity levels, impacts, and recovery complexities. Particularly for Type III SCOMs, an innovative approach rooted in automatic diagnostics, analysis, and internal system restructuring is advocated, thereby obviating the need for external intervention. This framework provides invaluable insights for practitioners, enabling the identification, analysis, and autonomous response to SCOMs, thereby fostering the development of resilient, self-sustaining, and safe automotive systems.
Juxtaposition at 45 km of Temperatures from Rayleigh-Scatter Lidar and Reanalysis Models

iii PUBLIC ABSTRACT . v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . vi LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . x INTRODUCTION . 1 THE ALO-USU RAYLEIGH-SCATTER LIDAR . 7 MEASUREMENT OF ABSOLUTE TEMPERATURES . 16 MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTIES.22 THE REANALYSIS MODELS . 29 DATA ANALYSIS PROCEDURE . 40 RESULTS . 58 DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION . 74 REFERENCES . 81 APPENDICES . 95
Energy Efficient Scheduling and Management for Large-Scale Services Computing Systems

With the increasing popularity of services published online, energy consumption of services computing systems is growing dramatically. Besides Quality of Service (QoS), energy efficiency has become an important issue and drawn significant attention. However, energy efficient request scheduling and service management for large-scale services computing systems face challenges because of the high dynamics and unpredictability of request arrivals. In this paper, we jointly consider the conflicting metrics of performance, queue congestion and energy consumption. We propose a distributed online scheduling and management algorithm which does not require any priori statistical knowledge of request arrivals. Mathematical analysis is conducted which demonstrates that our algorithm can achieve arbitrary tradeoff between performance and energy efficiency. Numerical and real trace data based experiments are carried out to validate the effectiveness of our algorithm in optimizing energy efficiency while stabilizing the system.
Link between Monkeypox Virus Genomes from Museum Specimens and 1965 Zoo Outbreak

We used pathogen genomics to test orangutan specimens from a museum in Bonn, Germany, to identify the origin of the animals and the circumstances of their death. We found monkeypox virus genomes in the samples and determined that they represent cases from a 1965 outbreak at Rotterdam Zoo in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
INTERCEPT: high-interaction server-type honeypot based on live migration

This paper aims at developing a honeypot system for web applications. The key idea is employing migration techniques to create a virtual machine as a honey web server, and making the honeypot to equip the same memory and block content of the real systems. Recently, web applications have been the target of numerous cyber attacks. In order to catch up new vulnerabilities in the applications, using a honeypot system is a feasible solution. However, it might be difficult to develop the lure-able, protect-able, and deception-able honeypot for web applications. This paper analyzes the background issues of the problem and finds the missing piece toward the suitable honeypot. It also designs and implements INTERCEPT, the core component of the honeypot system for web applications, which can avoid the data corruption as well as finishing the migration in short time period. Finally, we discuss how to complete the missing piece.
Respiratory sensitivity of the newborn infant to meperidine and morphine

An infant body plethysmograph and end‐tidal CO2, sampling were used to study respiratory CO2, response curves in newborn male infants. CO2, response curves were obtained before and after the administration of meperidine or morphine. In infants given one third the dose of each compound established to yield equivalent respiratory depression in the adult, morphine shifted the CO2, response curve to the right and downward to a greater extent than meperidine. The greater susceptibility to morphine in the infant as compared to the adult is believed to be due primarily to a greater permeability of the infant brain to morphine.
Robust feature descriptor and vehicle motion model with tracking-by-detection for active safety

The percentage of pedestrian deaths in traffic accidents is on the rise in Japan. In recent years, there have been calls for measures to be introduced to protect vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and cyclists. In this study, a method to detect and track pedestrians using an in-vehicle camera is presented to perform braking controls, warn the driver, and develop improved safety systems for pedestrians. We improved the technology of detecting pedestrians using highly accurate images obtained with a monocular camera. We were able to predict pedestrian activity by monitoring the images, and developed an algorithm with which to recognize pedestrians and their movements more accurately. The effectiveness of the algorithm was tested using images taken on real roads. For the feature descriptor, we used an extended co-occurrence histogram of oriented gradients (ECoHOG) that accumulated the integration of gradient intensities. In the tracking step, we applied an effective motion model using optical flow and the proposed feature descriptor ECoHOG in a tracking-by-detection framework. These techniques were verified using images captured on the real road.
The Impact of Diffusion on the Adoption of an Olive Oil Extraction Technique with a Continuous Two-Phase System without Pollution: Case of Study in Two Mediterranean Regions, Bouira in Algeria and Cordoba in Spain

In the Mediterranean Basin, the olive growing sector has a great effect on the rural economy, the regional heritage, and the environment. Based on an investigation conducted respectively on a sample of two olive oil growing areas (Bouira in Algeria and Cordoba in Spain), a comparative study has been the subject of a diagnosis of the state of the olive oil factories, their functioning mode, their impact on the quality of oil, the recovery of waste (pomace and margins) that they produce on the environment, as well as the prospects of adoption of a two-phase extraction system which is considered as ecological. The results have shown that in the region of Cordoba, the adoption of this model by olive oil factories since the 1990s has witnessed unprecedented progressive evolution which has a tendency to generalize. Although this system is within the scope of technologies called "clean ", and because of the lack of popularization and consciousness-raising, it is still unknown in the zone of Bouira in Algeria. The research has also shown that we should move towards the use of innovatory and more appropriate techniques to allow the production of quality oil, water and energy saving, reduction of pollution from the source, and have to be increasingly used by the factories concerned with environmental issues, and desirous of keeping their share in the market. Therefore, it is necessary for the competent authorities to become conscious of the sustainable development of the sector
Modelling of melt on spinning wheels

Thermal Ceramics manufacture high-temperature thermal insulation, much of which is made in the form of fibre, for use in furnaces, aeroengines, domestic appliances, fire protection systems and other applications. In the manufacturing process, a melt stream emerges from a circular orifice and falls on to two successive spinning wheels, resulting in fiberisation. However, the process also results in a significant fraction of unfiberised material in the form of shot particles. The presence of shot tends to increase the thermal conductivity of the final product. Moreover, some areas of application, such as the automotive industry, require clean fibre with zero shot. Reducing the amount of shot that is produced in the fiberisation process would also reduce the costs of 'cleaning' the fibres for these markets. The Study Group was asked to look at how melt transfers on to the spinning wheels, what kind of melt layer exists on the wheels, and how this layer breaks up. By using a mathematical model to understand the relative importance of various parameters, it is hoped to guide experimental trials and then the scale-up to production levels.
Hydrodynamic modelling with Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for predicting dynamic behaviour of pesticides.

The first step in the dynamic modelling of pesticides is a reliable hydrodynamic model. SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) calculates both the dynamic hydrological response and the associated diffuse pesticide supply towards surface waters. In this study, we focus on the hydrodynamic part. First, an intensive data collection for the Nil-catchment was performed. During model set-up, a reduction of the number of model parameters was obtained using an LH-OAT sensitivity analysis. Next, the selected parameters were optimised by a manual and an auto-calibration. The auto-calibration procedure is based on a multiobjective function which incorporates the algorithms of the Shuffled Complex Evolution Method. Results of the manual and the auto-calibration are compared.
How effective is Cauchy-EDA in high dimensions?

We consider the problem of high dimensional blackbox optimisation via Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDA) and the use of heavy-tailed search distributions in this setting. Some authors have suggested that employing a heavy tailed search distribution, such as a Cauchy, may make EDA better explore a high dimensional search space. However, other authors have found Cauchy search distributions are less effective than Gaussian search distributions in high dimensional problems. In this paper, we set out to resolve this controversy. To achieve this we run extensive experiments on a battery of high-dimensional test functions, and develop some theory which shows that small search steps are always more likely to move the search distribution towards the global optimum than large ones and, in particular, large search steps in high-dimensional spaces do badly in this respect with high probability. We hypothesise that, since exploration by large steps is mostly counterproductive in high dimensions, and since the fraction of good directions decays exponentially fast with increasing dimension, instead one should focus mainly on finding the right direction in which to move the search distribution. We propose a minor change to standard Gaussian EDA which implicitly achieves this aim, and our experiments on a sequence of test functions confirm the good performance of our new approach.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis – A Comprehensive Review

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, generally said to affect people with an age between 50 years and 70 years. Signs of upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron damage, which are not explained by any other disease process, and are the reasons behind ALS. It attacks the neurons in the brain and spinal cord. These neurons transmit messages from brain and spinal cord to the voluntary muscles. At first, it causes mild muscle problems. Some people show symptoms like difficulty in walking, running, writing and speech. Eventually, the patient may lose the strength and cannot move. Due to the depletion of neuronal transmission to muscles in the chest, the patient may report difficulty to breath. The loss of lower motor neurons leads to flaccid paralysis, decreased muscle tone, decreased reflexes, muscle weakness, muscle atrophy. The defining feature of ALS is the death of both upper and lower motor neurons in the motor cortex of the brain, the brain stem, and the spinal cord. There are small eosinophilic, hyaline intra-cytoplasmic inclusions that stain positive for cystatin and transferring and are present in 70–100% of cases. Environmental and lifestyle factors play a major role in the development of ALS, but no conclusive evidence is available to support making specific changes to decrease the risk of the disease, Genetic mutations can lead to inherited ALS, which appears nearly identical to the non-inherited form. Patients with ALS generally have higher levels of glutamate in the brain, around the nerve cells in their spinal fluid. ALS patients may experience pain involving more than one type, no rigid treatment program that involves the sole use of a single agent should be employed to treat ALS-associated pain conditions. Opioids have proven to be effective in providing pain relief in advanced disease. Nevertheless, these therapies lack the ability to induce long-term lasting effects without constant administration. Over the last decade awareness of ALS has significantly increased, diagnosis is being achieved in a more timely fashion, and overall care is better. This review gives a comprehensive information about the symptoms, pathophysiology common causes, drugs currently used in the treatment.
Agriculture Soil Nutrition Auto Sprayer

Modern agriculture demands precise management of soil nutrition to optimize crop yield and minimize resource wastage. This presents a smart agriculture solution that utilizes an NPK sensor to monitor and regulate the levels of essential nutrients - Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) in soil. The system is designed to automatically adjust nutrient levels when they fall below optimal values. Integrating NPK sensors in agriculture soil nutrition management represents a significant advancement in precision farming. These sensors are designed to detect the levels of the essential nutrients in the soil accurately. When the nutrient levels fall below optimal thresholds, a signal is sent to open the corresponding solenoid valve, allowing for the precise application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium fertilizers. Solar panels are considered a clean energy source because they do not produce harmful emissions of greenhouse gases during electricity generation. They rely solely on sunlight, which is an abundant and renewable resource An LCD provides real-time information to farmers, offering insights into nutrient levels and helping them make informed decisions about fertilization.
Factor V Deficiency

Factor V is a plasma glycoprotein that is apparently synthesized in the liver parenchymal cells. It circulates in plasma as a single chain molecule with an approximate molecular weight of 300,000. The exact mechanism of action of Factor V is not fully understood, although it is known to participate in the prothrombin converting complex, which is composed of phospholipids, Factor Xa, Factor V, and calcium ions. Under the influence of thrombin, Factor V becomes significantly more active (Factor Va). During this so-called activation process, the single chain molecule is converted to a two chain molecule with molecular weights of approximately 115,000 and 73,000. In order ot be biologically active, the chains require the presence of calcium ions. Ultimately, protein Ca seems to inactivate Factor Va completely. The precise role of Factor Va in the prothrombin converting complex is not known. There is evidence that suggests that Factor Va binds both prothrombin and Factor Xa and that it may serve as a receptor for both on the phospholipid surfaces. This would imply that during the activation of Factor V to Factor Va certain binding or receptor sites are exposed. Another possibility is that Factor Va enhances the effect of Factor Xa on prothrombin, that is, it aids in the proteolytic process, but little is known about the actual mechanism by which this may be accomplished. It is certain that Factor Va accelerates the rate with which thrombin is formed from prothrombin by Factor Xa. Congenital Factor V deficiency was for the first time described by Owren. In 1971, Terheggen summarized and reviewed 69 cases from the literature, and Seeler reviewed 58 families. In the meantime, Mitterstieler and associates reported on another family in which the patient was homozygous and 10 of his siblings heterozygous. In total, Factor V deficiency seems to be a rather rarely occurring disease entity.
Blind image watermarking based on sample rotation with optimal detector

This paper present a simple watermarking approach based on the rotation of low frequency components of image blocks. The rotation process is performed with less distortion by projection of the samples on specific lines according to message bit. To have optimal detection Maximum Likelihood criteria has been used. Thus, by computing the distribution of rotated noisy samples the optimum decoder is presented and its performance is analytically investigated. The privilege of this proposed algorithm is its inherent robustness against gain attack as well as its simplicity. Experimental results confirm the validity of the analytical derivations and also high robustness against common attacks.