Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Pathology and Clinical Features of Early Recurrent Membranous Glomerulonephritis

We assessed the earliest manifestations of recurrent membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) in renal allografts. Clinical, laboratory and pathologic data were reviewed in 21 patients at the initial biopsy within 4 months post‐transplant with evidence of MGN and on follow‐up biopsies, compared to a biopsy control group of eight transplants without recurrent MGN. The mean time of first biopsy with pathologic changes was 2.7 months. In each earliest biopsy, immunofluorescence (IF) showed granular glomerular basement membrane (GBM) staining for C4d, IgG, kappa and lambda. IF for C3 was negative or showed trace staining in 16/21. On each MGN biopsy positive by IF, 14/19 showed absence of deposits or rare tiny subepithelial deposits by electron microscopy (EM). At the earliest biopsy, the mean proteinuria was 1.1 g/day; 16 patients had <1 g/day proteinuria. Follow‐up was available in all patients (mean 35 months posttransplant). A total of 13 patients developed >1 g/day proteinuria; 12 were treated with: rituximab (n = 8), ACEI and increased prednisone dose (n = 2), ACEI or ARB only (n = 2). All patients showed reduction in proteinuria after treatment. A total of 11/16 patients showed progression of disease by EM on follow‐up biopsy. Recognition of early allograft biopsy features aids in diagnosis of recurrent MGN before patients develop significant proteinuria.
Effects of superior colliculus inhibition on visual motion processing in the lateral suprasylvian visual area of the cat.

PURPOSE To clarify whether visual inputs of the tectothalamocortical pathway influence motion processing within the lateral suprasylvian (LS) area of the cat. METHODS This study was conducted in five cats. Tungsten microelectrodes were used for recording visual evoked potentials. The electrodes were introduced into the LS area. An array of 120 randomly located dots was projected onto the stimulus field (40 degrees x 40 degrees) in front of the animal by a slide projector. The dots were moved rightward and leftward alternatively with interstimulus intervals by a mirror attached to a galvanometer, the movements of which were controlled by a microcomputer. Each motion sequence consisted of an abrupt onset of motion that continued for 100 msec followed by an abrupt offset and a stationary phase of 900 msec; the total duration of each sequence was thus 1000 msec. The velocity of the motion was varied in 12 steps. The onset of motion was used as the trigger for recording evoked potentials. Single or multiple injections (two to three) of muscimol were made, mainly into the rostral superior colliculus (SC). The amplitudes of evoked potentials before and after the muscimol injection were compared. RESULTS A large negative wave (N1) with the peak latency of 89.80+/-16.39 msec (mean +/- SD, n = 191) was recorded consistently. The amplitude of N1 was not altered by the muscimol injection into the SC when the velocity of motion was 50 deg/sec or less. When the velocity of motion was 75 deg/sec or more, however, the amplitude of N1 was reduced to 62% to 72% of that noted before the muscimol injection. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the LS area processes the visual motion inputs reaching through the two parallel pathways, the geniculostriate pathway and the tectothalamocortical pathway, when the velocity of visual motion is 75 deg/sec or more.
Design Capital and Design Moves: The Logic of Digital Business Strategy

As information technology becomes integral to the products and services in a growing range of industries, there has been a corresponding surge of interest in understanding how firms can effectively formulate and execute digital business strategies. This fusion of IT within the business environment gives rise to a strategic tension between investing in digital artifacts for long-term value creation and exploiting them for short-term value appropriation. Further, relentless innovation and competitive pressures dictate that firms continually adapt these artifacts to changing market and technological conditions, but sustained profitability requires scalable architectures that can serve a large customer base and stable interfaces that support integration across a diverse ecosystem of complementary offerings. The study of digital business strategy needs new concepts and methods to examine how these forces are managed in pursuit of competitive advantage. We conceptualize the logic of digital business strategy in terms of two constructs: design capital (i.e., the cumulative stock of designs owned or controlled by a firm) and design moves (i.e., the discrete strategic actions that enlarge, reduce, or modify a firm's stock of designs). We also identify two salient dimensions of design capital, namely, option value and technical debt. Using embedded case studies of four firms, we develop a rich conceptual model and testable propositions to lay out a design-based logic of digital business strategy. This logic highlights the interplay between design moves and design capital in the context of digital business strategy and contributes to a growing body of insights that link the design of digital artifacts to competitive strategy and firm-level performance.
Okeanos: Wasteless Journaling for Fast and Reliable Multistream Storage

Synchronous small writes play a critical role in the reliability and availability of file systems and applications that use them to safely log recent state modifications and quickly recover from failures. However, storage stacks usually enforce page-sized granularity in their data transfers from memory to disk. We experimentally show that subpage writes may lead to storage bandwidth waste and high disk latencies. To address the issue in a journaled file system, we propose wasteless journaling as a mount mode that coalesces synchronous concurrent small writes of data into full page-sized blocks before transferring them to the journal. Additionally, we propose selective journaling that automatically applies wasteless journaling on data writes whose size lies below a fixed preconfigured threshold. In the Okeanos prototype implementation that we developed, we use microbenchmarks and application-levelworkloads to showsubstantial improvements in write latency, transaction throughput and storage bandwidth requirements.
Trading Links and Paths on a Communication Bandwidth Market

This paper presents a novel market model for balancing communication bandwidth trade. The distinguishing characteristic of the model is that it assumes that market players can place buy offers not only for isolated network resources (inter-node links), but also for end-to-end network paths of predefined capacity. It also enables effective balancing of sell and buy offers for network resources in such a way which maximizes the global economic welfare. From a formal point of view, the model produces a linear programming problem for clearing a multi-commodity market. Three simple examples are used to discuss and illustrate the proposed model.
PCA feature extraction for change detection in multidimensional unlabelled streaming data

While there is a lot of research on change detection based on the streaming classification error, finding changes in multidimensional unlabelled streaming data is still a challenge. Here we propose to apply principal component analysis (PCA) to the training data, and mine the stream of selected principal components for change in the distribution. A recently proposed semi-parametric log-likelihood change detector (SPLL) is applied to the raw and the PCA streams in an experiment involving 26 data sets and an artificially induced change. The results show that feature extraction prior to the change detection is beneficial across different data set types, and specifically for data with multiple balanced classes.
User perception of multi-modal interfaces for mobile applications

This paper presents a comparative study on the usability of a service presented in telephone, PC-based web interface, and mobile/ multi-modal variants. The goal is not to analyze individual strengths and weaknesses of the different modalities, but to understand the user’s perception of the SUMI criteria (efficiency, affect/ likability, helpfulness, control, learnability), and the overall impression of a service with respect to the access variant tested. As multi-modality is often framed as a technology to make usage more “intuitive”, we were particularly interested in the differences between experienced and novice users. To this end, we conducted a study with 80 participants and conclude that, while multi-modality is accepted by experienced users, it seems to be asking too much from novice users, particularly with respect to learnability and efficiency.
An Overview of Public Policies to Support Innovation

Innovation is a broad topic, about which much has been written. Almost every kind of public policy has either a direct or an indirect impact on factors that affect innovative activity. The purpose of this paper is to draw out the key implications from selected studies concerning a small number of science-related policies that are widely employed in order to deal with perceived market failures in the innovation process. The main issues considered are fiscal incentives for private R&D, the role of public research organisations, the regulation of intellectual property, the availability of finance, and the supply of skilled human resources for science and technology. Two central themes developed in the paper are the need for accurate evaluation of all these policies, since each may have costs as well as benefits, and the likely enhancement of the wider social benefits from innovation if knowledge is able to diffuse freely, and if potential beneficiaries have sufficient absorptive capacity to be able to understand and use new knowledge productively. Revue des politiques publiques en faveur de l'innovation L’innovation est un sujet vaste qui a fait l’objet d’une litterature abondante. Presque tout instrument de politique economique a un impact, soit direct, soit indirect, sur les determinants de l’activite d’innovation. L’objectif de ce papier est de faire le point, a partir d’une selection d’etudes, sur un petit nombre de politiques d’innovation couramment utilisees pour remedier aux imperfections de marche dans le processus d’innovation. Celles-ci incluent les incitations publiques aux activites privees de recherche et developpement (R&D), le role des instituts publics de recherche, les droits de propriete intellectuelle, le developpement du secteur financier, et la disponibilite de ressources humaines qualifiees en science et technologie. Deux themes centraux developpes dans le papier sont d’une part le besoin d’une evaluation precise de toutes ces politiques, etant donne que chacune d’entre elles presente a la fois des couts et des benefices, et d’autre part l’importance de la diffusion du savoir qui accroit substantiellement les benefices sociaux de l’innovation, a condition que les beneficiaires potentiels jouissent d’une capacite d’absorption suffisante pour comprendre et appliquer productivement le nouveau savoir.
Active Learning Explored in Open Elective Course: Internet of Things (IoT)

There has been a tremendous change in the processing, networking and communication since last five decades, giving rise to a new research era which includes Internet of things (IoT) that helps to connect different devices, sensors and people. The research thinking in IoT is bringing a change in the life style of the society. As many of the developing countries are involved in construction of smart cities, there arises a need to educate current generation engineers to get knowledge of IoT. To cater this, an open elective IoT has been introduced at eighth semester by Computer Science & Engineering Under Graduate (UG) program for circuit branch students. This paper discusses the challenges and experiences of introducing IoT as an open elective course. @@@@@@ The first challenge in offering this course is identifying the content of the course, at what level the course needs to be introduced, since both hardware and software components are involved in IoT. Second challenge is involving students in learning process as it is not only theory based and different knowledge level students are part of this course. To address these challenges we followed activity based approach for teaching and learning this course. Various real-world problems are identified, and assigned to different teams consisting of four students. Outcome based evaluation is followed to assess the group activity. The author's observations indicate that the activity based learning addresses graduate attributes of UG program, such as Design/Development of solutions, Modern tool usage, Engineer and society and Life-long learning. The average attainment of the mentioned graduate attributes is 79.18% for the course in continuous internal assessment.
Draft Genome Sequence of Rhodococcus opacus Strain M213 Shows a Diverse Catabolic Potential

ABSTRACT Soil-borne Gram-positive bacteria from the genus Rhodococcus metabolize a range of aromatic hydrocarbons and also produce a variety of value-added products, such as triacylglycerols and steroids. We report the draft genome sequence of Rhodococcus opacus strain M213 (9,193,504 bp with a G+C content of 66.99%), providing a comprehensive understanding of the repertoire of metabolic genes of this strain.
MRI Atlas of the Human Cerebellum

"The MRI Atlas of the Human Cerebellum" constitutes the most complete, detailed work on the human cerebellum to date. This definitive work provides images in the three cardinal planes (sagittal, transverse, and coronal) at closely spaced intervals of 2 millimeters. The images are derived from MRI scans of one individual and from postmortem sections of another. It is the only such atlas set within the universally accepted framework of the Talairach stereotaxic system, derived from standard landmarks in the brain. The book includes a new nomenclature system (labeling system) which is easier to use, aids in understanding the organization of the cerebellum, and is consistent with earlier work on the anatomy of the cerebellum in animals and the development of the human cerebellum in infants. Recent studies have shown that the cerebellum is involved in much more than motor coordination alone: also in higher functions including memory, language, emotion, and attention, as well as sensory discrimination. This atlas facilitates this new era of study of the cerebellum, allowing investigators to identify cerebellar structures with precision. Everyone concerned with the anatomy, function, or dysfunction of the cerebellum should have a copy. Its key features are: it provides the most comprehensive, detailed, and authoritative atlas of the human cerebellum; contains 110 MRI images and 110 corresponding cryosection images; includes a CD with all of the images and text from the book, supported by both PC and Macintosh computer platforms; is developed within the universally accepted framework of the Talairach stereotaxic system; contains detailed myelin- and Nissl-stained histology of major nuclei; presents a new, easy-to-use nomenclature system; and, allows investigators to identify structures with precision and to address detailed structure-function correlations.
Small amplitude oscillations of a thin beam immersed in a viscous fluid near a solid surface

The hydrodynamic loading on a solid body moving in a viscous fluid can be strongly affected by its proximity to a surface. In this article, we calculate the hydrodynamic load on an infinitely long rigid beam of zero thickness that is undergoing small amplitude oscillations. The presence of a solid surface an arbitrary distance from the beam is rigorously accounted for using a boundary integral formulation.
Flourish : a new understanding of happiness and well-being - and how to achieve them

THIS BOOK WILL HELP YOU FLOURISH - with this unprecedented promise, internationally esteemed psychologist Martin Seligman begins FLOURISH, his first book in ten years - and the first to present his dynamic new concept of what well-being really is. Traditionally, the goal of psychology has been to relieve human suffering, but the goal of the Positive Psychology movement, which Dr Seligman has led for fifteen years, is different - it's about actually raising the bar for the human condition. FLOURISH builds on Dr Seligman's game-changing work on optimism, motivation and character to show how to get the most out of life, unveiling an electrifying new theory of what makes a good life - for individuals, for communities and for nations.
On the long‐term context for late twentieth century warming

[1] Previous tree-ring–based Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstructions portray a varying amplitude range between the ‘‘Medieval Warm Period’’ (MWP), ‘‘Little Ice Age’’ (LIA) and present. We describe a new reconstruction, developed using largely different methodologies and additional new data compared to previous efforts. Unlike earlier studies, we quantify differences between more traditional (STD) and Regional Curve Standardization (RCS) methodologies, concluding that RCS is superior for retention of low-frequency trends. Continental North American versus Eurasian RCS series developed prior to merging to the hemispheric scale cohere surprisingly well, suggesting common forcing, although there are notable deviations (e.g., fifteenth to sixteenth century). Results indicate clear MWP (warm), LIA (cool), and recent (warm) episodes. Direct interpretation of the RCS reconstruction suggests that MWP temperatures were nearly 0.7C cooler than in the late twentieth century, with an amplitude difference of 1.14C from the coldest (1600–1609) to warmest (1937–1946) decades. However, we advise caution with this analysis. Although we conclude, as found elsewhere, that recent warming has been substantial relative to natural fluctuations of the past millennium, we also note that owing to the spatially heterogeneous nature of the MWP, and its different timing within different regions, present palaeoclimatic methodologies will likely ‘‘flatten out’’ estimates for this period relative to twentieth century warming, which expresses a more homogenous global ‘‘fingerprint. ’’ Therefore we stress that presently available paleoclimatic reconstructions are inadequate for making specific inferences, at hemispheric scales, about MWP warmth relative to the present anthropogenic period and that such comparisons can only still be made at the local/regional scale.
Vowel Quality and Phonological Projection

L'A. propose un resume de sa these dans laquelle il examine en detail de nombreux aspects de l'interaction entre la qualite vocalique et la structure syllabique en hollandais. En se basant sur la theorie de l'optimalite, il montre qu'afin de soutenir une structure syllabique complexe, les voyelles ont besoin d'avoir une structure de traits complexe, et que, comme les voyelles telles que les schwas n'ont pas de trait du tout, elles ne legitiment pas de structure prosodique complexe. Ce resume est suivi d'un compte rendu dans lequel D. Silverman souligne les points forts et les faiblesses de la these
Advection of surface-derived organic carbon fuels microbial reduction in Bangladesh groundwater

Chronic exposure to arsenic (As) by drinking shallow groundwater causes widespread disease in Bangladesh and neighboring countries. The release of As naturally present in sediment to groundwater has been linked to the reductive dissolution of iron oxides coupled to the microbial respiration of organic carbon (OC). The source of OC driving this microbial reduction—carbon deposited with the sediments or exogenous carbon transported by groundwater—is still debated despite its importance in regulating aquifer redox status and groundwater As levels. Here, we used the radiocarbon (14C) signature of microbial DNA isolated from groundwater samples to determine the relative importance of surface and sediment-derived OC. Three DNA samples collected from the shallow, high-As aquifer and one sample from the underlying, low-As aquifer were consistently younger than the total sediment carbon, by as much as several thousand years. This difference and the dominance of heterotrophic microorganisms implies that younger, surface-derived OC is advected within the aquifer, albeit more slowly than groundwater, and represents a critical pool of OC for aquifer microbial communities. The vertical profile shows that downward transport of dissolved OC is occurring on anthropogenic timescales, but bomb 14C-labeled dissolved OC has not yet accumulated in DNA and is not fueling reduction. These results indicate that advected OC controls aquifer redox status and confirm that As release is a natural process that predates human perturbations to groundwater flow. Anthropogenic perturbations, however, could affect groundwater redox conditions and As levels in the future.
Factores del diseño web orientado a la satisfacción y no-frustración de uso

In this paper we aim to investigate the use of web sites. We add an explanatory model from the perspective of design impact in the end-user satisfaction. In this model we identify seven main design factors: functionality, accessibility, findability, usefulness, aesthetics, credibility and usability. They have been categorized as hygienic or motivator according to their orientation towards the prevention of the frustration of use or the satisfaction of use they cause. The usability is the more important of those factors because it has a transversal function in the model: the usability interrelates the rest of design factors. We discuss the importance of each factor in the user experience, depending on the interactive context, and also the utility of analysing satisfaction from both hygienic-motivator dimensions.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA INTERDEPENDÊNCIA NO RELACIONAMENTO COM MARCAS

The study proposes a breakthrough in brand relationship literature by proposing a scale for measuring interdependence with brands. As a secondary contribution, it evaluates the influence of this construct on loyalty. Two specific contexts were analyzed during empirical phase: sports shoes and jeans. In view of the first purpose, we tried to develop the scale following the precepts of Churchill (1979), Rossiter (2002) and Heere and James (2007), organized into eight stages of implementation: 1) Theoretical definition of the analyzed construct; 2) Generation of items (qualitative proceeding); 3) Collection of quantitative data (196 cases); 4) Scale purification; 5) New collection of quantitative data (508 cases); 6) New scale purification; 7) Verification of reliability and validity (AFC); and 8) Proposition of the final items. Moreover, a structural model was tested in order to investigate the relationship between interdependence with brand and loyalty. This relationship was seen as positive and significant, especially when comparing gender and product category.
Alternating Set Quantifiers in Modal Logic

We establish the strictness of several set quantifier alternation hierarchies that are based on modal logic, evaluated on various classes of finite graphs. This extends to the modal setting a celebrated result of Matz, Schweikardt and Thomas (2002), which states that the analogous hierarchy of monadic second-order logic is strict. Thereby, the present paper settles a question raised by van Benthem (1983), revived by ten Cate (2006), and partially answered by Kuusisto (2008, 2015).
Computational aspects of motor control and motor learning

*I want to thank Elliot Saltzman, Steven Keele, and Herbert Heuer for helpful comments on the manuscript. Preparation of this paper was supported in part by a grant from ATR Auditory and Visual Perception Research Laboratories, by a grant from Siemens Corporation, by a grant from the Human Frontier Science Program, by a grant from the McDonnell-Pew Foundation, and by grant N00014-90-J-1942 awarded by the Office of Naval Research. Michael Jordan is an NSF Presidential Young Investigator.