Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
P16(INK4A) expression in Bowen's disease and Bowenoid papulosis.

BACKGROUND Bowen's disease (BD) is a skin carcinoma in situ occurring over the entire body surface. It shares similar histopathological features with Bowenoid papulosis (BP) of the genitalia, but differs in etiology and clinical course. Increased p16(INK4A) (p16) tumor suppressor protein expression has been demonstrated in relation to the progression of cutaneous squamous neoplasms. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the difference in p16 expression between Bowen's disease and Bowenoid papulosis. MATERIAL AND METHOD Biopsies of 46 cases of BD in the period 1994 - 2003 and 14 cases of BP during 1987 - 2003 in the Anatomical Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand were studied by immunohistochemical methods using the P16 kit (CINTec Histology Kit, clone E6H4, Code-Nr. K5334, DakoCytomation, Denmark). Nuclear/cytoplasmic immunoreactivity in more than 10% of neoplastic cells was considered positive. RESULTS P16 expression was positive in 37 of 46 BD cases (80.4%) which was higher than that of BP (6 of 14 cases or 42.9%) (p value < 0.05, Chi-square test). The expression among the three groups of BD: extragenital (28 of 35), chronic arsenical-related (7 of 8) and genital lesions (2 of 3) was not significantly different (p value = 0.734, Chi-square test). CONCLUSION P16 expression was more frequent in BD than BP. This suggests a possible association between p16 expression and tumorigenesis of these lesions.
rm selection, and innovation: the competition channel

The availability of rich rm-level data sets has recently led researchers to uncover an interesting set of empirical ndings on the eects of trade liberalization. First, trade openness forces the least productive rms to exit the market. Secondly, it induces surviving rms to increase their innovation eorts. Thirdly, together with the selection and the innovation eect, trade liberalization seems to increase the degree of product market competition. This paper presents a theoretical model aimed at providing a coherent interpretation of these empirical ndings. We introduce rm heterogeneity into an innovation-driven growth model. Incumbent rms operating in oligopolistic industries perform cost-reducing innovation in order to increase their future productivity. In equilibrium more productive rms show higher investment in innovation. The oligopolistic structure implies that markups are endogenously determined by the number of rms competing in same product line. Trade liberalization leads to an higher number of rms, lower markups, and higher quantity produced by each rm. We show that this has standard direct competition eect on innovation thats does not depend on rm heterogeneity, and a new
An Augmented Reality Processor with a Congestion-Aware Network-on-Chip Scheduler

For a markerless augmented reality system that can operate all day, the authors implemented a low-power Basic On-Chip Network-Augmented Reality (BONE-AR) processor to execute object recognition, camera pose estimation, and 3D graphics rendering in real time for an HD resolution video input. BONE-AR employs six clusters of heterogeneous SIMD processors distributed on the mesh topology network on a chip (NoC) to exploit data- and task-level parallelism. A visual attention algorithm reduces overall workload by removing background clutters from the input video frames, but also incurs NoC congestion because of a dynamically fluctuating workload. The authors propose a congestion-aware scheduler that detects and resolves the NoC congestion to prevent throughput degradation of a task-level pipeline.
Retrenchment, Reproduction, Modernization: Pension Politics and the Decline of the German Breadwinner Model

The German welfare state in gendered welfare state analyses is widely recognized as a strong male breadwinner model: its institutions sup port the traditional division of labour and low female labour force participation. This article seeks to show that due to diminishing political support this model is eroding. The article starts from the assumption that the welfare state is a mediator between dy namic social and economic requirements. Therefore social policy regulations need to be adjusted continuously. This need has intensi fied over the last decade because of growing global economic competition and the collapse of the East German economy. The way social policymakers reacted to this pressure for reform shows no active support for the poli cies that help to maintain women's economic dependency on 'breadwinners'. This will be demonstrated by an analysis of the positions of the political actors involved in two major pension reforms, one in 1989 and one in 1997. According to their public statements these actors were motivated by three factors: firstly, they agreed that retrenchment measures were necessary; secondly, the intention to secure generational reproduction by improving carers' independent rights was dominant; thirdly, reforms were motivated by the inten tion to make the pension system more just. The direction of the reforms is to reduce the economic attractiveness of marriage and to create stronger incentives to be employed.
Comprehensive planning of multiple microgrids with self-healing consideration

This paper explores the comprehensive planning methods of multiple microgrids which considering its self-healing ability in sizing and siting stage. The evaluation models of the system self-healing ability were discussed, and then system planning models were established. The complicated planning problem was divided into three parts, and the sizing part with economic and self-healing consideration was intensively discussed. In order to solve the complicated combinatorial model, the Benders Decomposition and Primal-Dual Interior Point Method were used. Simulation results on the modified IEEE 37 node test system show that the proposed methods are effective.
Activation of the extrinsic coagulation pathway in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.

OBJECTIVES To obtain systematic information on the extrinsic coagulation pathway, as well as to investigate the time course of the coagulation abnormalities in sepsis. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING General intensive care unit. PATIENTS Nineteen patients with the diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock and nine control patients. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Tissue factor antigen concentration (tissue factor antigen), prothrombin fragment F1+2, thrombin antithrombin III complex, fibrinopeptide A, D-dimer, and antithrombin III concentrations were measured on the day of diagnosis of severe sepsis and septic shock, and on days 1, 2, 3, and 4 after diagnosis. The concentrations of tissue factor antigen, prothrombin fragment F1+2, fibrinopeptide A, and D-dimer were significantly increased in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock compared with control subjects. However, the concentrations of thrombin antithrombin III complex showed no statistical differences between the septic patients and the control subjects. Significantly, low antithrombin III concentrations were observed in the septic patient groups compared with control subjects. With the exception of D-dimer, the concentrations of the hemostatic markers were similar between severe sepsis and septic shock patients. Significant correlations were noted between tissue factor antigen and the disseminated intravascular coagulation score (r2=.236, p< .0001) and the number of dysfunctioning organs (r2=.229, p=.035). CONCLUSIONS We systematically elucidated coagulation disorders in newly defined sepsis. The extrinsic coagulation pathway is activated in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. In these patients, enhanced thrombin generation and activation, and fibrin formation were demonstrated when compared with the control subjects. Furthermore, the thrombin generated appears not to be fully neutralized by antithrombin III.
Factors associated with abnormal spirometry among HIV-infected individuals

Objective:HIV-infected individuals are susceptible to development of chronic lung diseases, but little is known regarding the prevalence and risk factors associated with different spirometric abnormalities in this population. We sought to determine the prevalence, risk factors and performance characteristics of risk factors for spirometric abnormalities among HIV-infected individuals. Design:Cross-sectional cohort study. Methods:We analyzed cross-sectional US data from the NHLBI-funded Lung-HIV consortium – a multicenter observational study of heterogeneous groups of HIV-infected participants in diverse geographic sites. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors statistically significantly associated with spirometry patterns. Results:A total of 908 HIV-infected individuals were included. The median age of the cohort was 50 years, 78% were men and 68% current smokers. An abnormal spirometry pattern was present in 37% of the cohort: 27% had obstructed and 10% had restricted spirometry patterns. Overall, age, smoking status and intensity, history of Pneumocystis infection, asthma diagnosis and presence of respiratory symptoms were independently associated with an abnormal spirometry pattern. Regardless of the presence of respiratory symptoms, five HIV-infected participants would need to be screened with spirometry to diagnose two individuals with any abnormal spirometry pattern. Conclusions:Nearly 40% of a diverse US cohort of HIV-infected individuals had an abnormal spirometry pattern. Specific characteristics including age, smoking status, respiratory infection history and respiratory symptoms can identify those at risk for abnormal spirometry. The high prevalence of abnormal spirometry and the poor predictive capability of respiratory symptoms to identify abnormal spirometry should prompt clinicians to consider screening spirometry in HIV-infected populations.
The Foreign Exchange Risk Premium A Disaggregate Approach

This paper re-examines the issue of the existence of a time-varying risk premia in the three foreign exchange markets. By using the theoretical framework developed by Domowitz and Hakkio it relates the risk premium in the foreign exchange market with the heterogeneity across the market participants. The empirical research using a disaggregate survey data base support the importance is supportive of the existence of time-varying risk premia for the British Pound, German Mark and Japanese Yen exchange rates. In particular, we demonstrate that consensus measures of the risk premium mask the existence because of the importance of heterogenous expectations.
The Introduction of Entrepreneurship Education to School Leavers in a Vocational Institute

In this fast-changing society, the youth unemployment rate is high and the knowledge learnt in schools is inadequate to equip students to compete in the competitive marketplace. For many school leavers who do not have the marks to go to university, a vocational institute is an obvious choice for them to continue their studies. In this situation, would it be possible for the institutes to provide entrepreneurship training programs for this group of young people? Do these students have the right kind of education credentials to increase their employability or to start their own business? This study attempts to investigate whether Entrepreneurship Education should be provided to business students in a vocational institute as part of their study program. The results suggest that Entrepreneurship Education would have a positive impact on the strength of the students' entrepreneurial spirit in terms of starting-up a new business, and a high percentage of students acknowledged that the entrepreneurial knowledge they had acquired would be useful to them.
Campylobacter jejuni in dairy cows and raw milk

SUMMARY Twelve herds of dairy cows were examined by rectal swabbing for the presence of Campylobacter jejuni. Ten herds were positive with the incidence of colonized animals ranging from 10 to 72% of those tested. With the exception of the two negative herds where mains water only was consumed, all animals drank from rivers or streams when grazing. There was no relationship between total and coliform counts and the presence of C.jejuni in raw milk. However, milk from one farm that consistently gave positive results had significantly higher Escherichia coli counts than other samples.
Static Analysis of Java Multithreaded and Distributed Applications

The Java language enables the development of concurrent and distributed software through the concepts of thread and remote method invocation (RMI). It is known that developing concurrent and distributed software is a challenging task, mainly because of potential concurrency errors such as deadlocks and livelocks. One promising way to help the designer bl this task is providing static analysis tools that can detect such errors in the source code, as documented in the rich literature on static analysis of Ada tasking programs. This paper extends the approach followed for Ada tasking programs to the new Java language, providing formal models for the main thread synchronization primitives offered by the language. The formalism used is Promela, the input language of the model checker SPIN, which is based on extended communicating finite state machines and provides an efficient analysis algorithm
Housing Choice Vouchers and Crime in Charlotte, NC

Recent media attention and research have focused on the effect of housing vouchers on crime, with different conclusions. The purpose of this study is to bring further evidence to the voucher–crime debate, using annual data from 2000 to 2009 for Charlotte-Mecklenburg County. We study the relationship between crime counts and housing vouchers with quantile regression models with year and census tract fixed effects. We found that voucher households are associated with increased crime, controlling for past crime levels. Estimates vary, however, with the concentration of vouchers in the neighborhood, with little impact in areas with low concentrations. Estimates also vary with the neighborhood crime level. We extend the literature by examining the effect of different voucher family types, finding no evidence that elderly households or nonelderly households without disabilities and without children are associated with more crime. However, we found a very significant positive association for nonelderly households without disabilities with children. Our results indicate that significant crime reductions could be accomplished by focusing U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, local housing agency, and criminal justice resources on the types of places and voucher families most at risk for crime problems when a family uses a voucher to move into a new neighborhood.
MRI Sequences in Head & Neck Radiology – State of the Art

Abstract Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an essential imaging modality for the evaluation of head & neck pathologies. However, the diagnostic power of MRI is strongly related to the appropriate selection and interpretation of imaging protocols and sequences. The aim of this article is to review state-of-the-art sequences for the clinical routine in head & neck MRI and to describe the evidence for which medical question these sequences and techniques are useful. Method Literature review of state-of-the-art sequences in head & neck MRI. Results and Conclusion Basic sequences (T1w, T2w, T1wC+) and fat suppression techniques (TIRM/STIR, Dixon, Spectral Fat sat) are important tools in the diagnostic workup of inflammation, congenital lesions and tumors including staging. Additional sequences (SSFP (CISS, FIESTA), SPACE, VISTA, 3D-FLAIR) are used for pathologies of the cranial nerves, labyrinth and evaluation of endolymphatic hydrops in Menière’s disease. Vessel and perfusion sequences (3D-TOF, TWIST/TRICKS angiography, DCE) are used in vascular contact syndromes, vascular malformations and analysis of microvascular parameters of tissue perfusion. Diffusion-weighted imaging (EPI-DWI, non-EPI-DWI, RESOLVE) is helpful in cholesteatoma imaging, estimation of malignancy, and evaluation of treatment response and posttreatment recurrence in head & neck cancer. Understanding of MRI sequences and close collaboration with referring physicians improves the diagnostic confidence of MRI in the daily routine and drives further research in this fascinating image modality. Key Points: Understanding of MRI sequences is essential for the correct and reliable interpretation of MRI findings. MRI protocols have to be carefully selected based on relevant clinical information. Close collaboration with referring physicians improves the output obtained from the diagnostic possibilities of MRI. Citation Format Widmann G, Henninger B, Kremser C et al. MRI Sequences in Head & Neck Radiology – State of the Art. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2017; 189: 413 – 422
Enhancing effect of natural borneol on the absorption of geniposide in rat via intranasal administration

Both geniposide (Ge) and natural borneol (NB) are bioactive substances derived from traditional Chinese herbs. The effect of NB on the pharmacokinetics of Ge in rat via intranasal administration was investigated. The concentrations of Ge in plasma were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after intranasal administration of Ge (4 mg/kg) alone and combined with different doses (0.08, 0.8, and 8 mg/kg) of NB. The intravenous administration was given as a reference (4 mg/kg of Ge and 8 mg/kg of NB). Compared with the intravenous administration, the absolute bioavailability of Ge was 76.14% through intranasal administration combined with NB. Compared with the intranasal administration of Ge alone, Ge could be absorbed rapidly in the nasal cavity combined with NB; the peak time of Ge in the plasma became shorter (3–5 min vs. 40 min); the peak concentration became higher (1.32–4.25 μg/ml vs. 0.67 μg/ml); and, the relative bioavailability of Ge combined with NB was 90.3%–237.8%. The enhancing effect was attenuated as the dose of NB decreased. The results indicated that NB can accelerate the absorption of Ge dose-dependently in the nasal cavity.
Tactile interactions lead to coherent motion and enhanced chemotaxis of migrating cells

When motile cells come into contact with one another their motion is often considerably altered. In a process termed contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) cells reshape and redirect their movement as a result of cell–cell contact. Here we describe a mathematical model that demonstrates that CIL alone is sufficient to produce coherent, collective cell migration. Our model illustrates a possible mechanism behind collective cell migration that is observed, for example, in neural crest cells during development, and in metastasizing cancer cells. We analyse the effects of varying cell density and shape on the alignment patterns produced and the transition to coherent motion. Finally, we demonstrate that this process may have important functional consequences by enhancing the accuracy and robustness of the chemotactic response, and factors such as cell shape and cell density are more significant determinants of migration accuracy than the individual capacity to detect environmental gradients.
Successful Treatment of Dry Eye in Two Patients With Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease With Systemic Administration of FK506 and Corticosteroids

Purpose. We present two cases of severe dry eye in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (CGVHD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) who were successfully treated by the systemic administration of FK506 and corticosteroids. Methods and Results. A 29-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia underwent SCT. Oral and lung CGVHD developed on approximately day 130, and dry eye associated with CGVHD was diagnosed on day 168. The patient began receiving cyclosporin A (150 mg/d) for the treatment of oral and lung CGVHD. Treatment with prednisolone (1 mg/kg/d) began on approximately day 300. Oral and lung GVHD improved slightly, but worsened again although systemic administration of cyclosporin A and prednisolone were continued. Cyclosporin A was discontinued, and systemic administration of FK506 was started on day 376. Forty-four days later, marked improvement in the ocular surface and other organs was observed. However, the dry eye worsened while tapering FK506, with no flare of other affected organs. A 43-year-old woman with myelodysplastic syndrome underwent SCT. She received FK506 for prophylaxis of CGVHD. She had mild dry eye before SCT. Oral and intestinal CGVHD developed, and the dry eye worsened significantly on approximately day 150 while tapering FK506. Treatment with prednisolone (1 mg/kg/d) began, and the dose of FK506 was increased. By day 240, the symptoms of dry eye and the findings of the ocular surface markedly improved, and CGVHD in other organs was completely resolved. However, the improvement in the dry eye was lost when FK506 was tapered for the second time. Conclusion. Systemic administration of FK506 with corticosteroids is an effective treatment of severe dry eye in patients with CGVHD, but long-term administration may be required to achieve a lasting response. These cases also suggest that further investigation into the use of topical FK506 and prednisolone as a maintenance therapy should be pursued.
A Selection Strategy for Modelling UK Tourism Flows by Air to European Destinations

Given the importance of tourism demand forecasting as a research topic, the search for more accurate modelling processes continues. A model selection strategy is presented for UK outbound tourism by air to a set of the most popular European destinations. The first stage in this process presents an objective method for assessing whether seasonality should be modelled by additive or multiplicative means. The strategy moves on to the derivation of appropriate difference filters for ARIMA models of these tourism flows, a process which inherently considers alternatives for modelling increasing seasonal variation. Unlike studies involving longer-haul tourism, it is found at this spatial scale that no generalizations can be made about the stochastic or deterministic nature of trends or seasonality in the tourism flows over the destinations examined. The results also suggest that the commonly applied logarithmic transformation is not the most appropriate way to model increasing seasonal variation.