Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Schemaless Join for Result Set Preferences

In many applications, such as data integration and big data analytics, one has to integrate data from multiple sources without detailed and accurate schema information. The state of the art focuses on matching attributes among sources based on the information derived from the data in those sources. However, a best join result according to a method's own pre-determined criteria may not fit a user's best interest. In this paper, we tackle the challenge from a novel angle and investigate how to join schemaless tables to meet a user preference the best. We identify a set of essential preferences that are useful in various scenarios, such as minimizing the number of tuples in outer join results and maximizing the entropy of the joining key's distribution. We also develop a systematic method to compute the best join predicate optimizing an objective function representing a user preference. We conduct extensive experiments on 4 large datasets and compare with 4 baselines from the state of the art of schema matching and attribute clustering. The experimental results clearly show that our algorithm outperforms the baselines significantly in accuracy in all the cases, and consumes comparable running time.
Online analyzing of texts in social network of Twitter

Appearing social networks these days, the capacity of produced information has an increasing growing. The usual learning techniques don't have an efficient performance and the need of utilizing increasing learning methods is seen as a necessary factor. In mining the text in social networks we can see that text mining and social analyzing in texts are new topics in data analyzing which are considered as important factors growing very fast. Developing Microblogging sites like Twitter leads to make opportunities to make and applying some theories and technologies leading to mine and research trends. In this article we will evaluate Twitter the social network its characteristics and introducing and comparing data mining algorithms to online investigation on texting data. Researches show that stochastic gradient descent superior than other online evaluating techniques in analyzing text.
A hybrid method for contrast enhancement

One of the most important aspects of image quality is contrast and this paper presents a new hybrid method for contrast enhancement. The proposed method is a combination of two basic contrast enhancement methods i.e. transform and histogram. At first we apply Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT) on the source image, then NSCT coefficients are mapped to fuzzy domain and modified by a mapping function in fuzzy domain. After transforming the modified membership values from fuzzy domain into frequency domain, the enhanced image is reconstructed from the modified NSCT coefficients by inverse NSCT. Finally, histogram of the image is equalized by Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). The experimental results show that our method can achieve higher improvement than both Contourlet Transform (CT) and Histogram Equalization (HE) contrast enhancement methods.
Analyzing Performance of Multi-cores and Applications with Cache-aware Roofline Model

To satisfy growing computational demands of modern applications, significant enhancements have been introduced in the contemporary processor architectures with the aim to increase their attainable performance, such as increased number of cores, improved capability of memory subsystem and enhancements in the processor pipeline [1]. Therefore, the performance improvements are usually coupled with an increased complexity at the architecture level, which imposes additional challenges when designing, prototyping and optimizing the execution of real-world applications on a given compute platform. Since the application performance depends on multiple factors, e.g., multi-threading, vectorization efficiency and memory accesses, achieving the most efficient execution is not a trivial task, especially when aiming at fully exploiting the capabilities of modern multi-core processors.
Proximal tubular angiotensinogen in renal biopsy suggests nondipper BP rhythm accompanied by enhanced tubular sodium reabsorption

Objectives: The renal capacity for sodium excretion is impaired by a reduction in the glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient and by enhancement of the fractional tubular sodium reabsorption (FRNa), leading to a nondipper circadian blood pressure (BP) rhythm. Angiotensin II in the systemic circulation can be easily filtered across the glomerular capillary walls and stimulates renal proximal tubular angiotensinogen (PT-AGT) production, leading to the activation of intrarenal angiotensin II, which is known to augment the FRNa in animal models. Methods: We performed an immunohistochemical investigation to determine the contribution of PT-AGT to enhancement of FRNa and the nondipper circadian BP rhythm in 40 consecutive patients with primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Results: Immunostaining for PT-AGT was increased in the IgAN patients compared with control individuals (P = 0.04), and correlated directly with the FRNa (r = 0.39, P = 0.01) and the night/day ratio of BP (r = 0.38, P = 0.02), but not creatinine clearance (r = −0.008, P = 0.9). The night/day ratio of BP was determined by both creatinine clearance (r = −0.36, P = 0.03) and FRNa (r = 0.47, P = 0.006). Conclusion: Tubular sodium reabsorption is stimulated by intrarenal angiotensin II, as indicated by PT-AGT, and contributes to the genesis of the nondipper BP rhythm. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether or not treatment to prevent sodium retention is useful for patients who exhibit increased PT-AGT in renal biopsies.
Chaotic Time-Delay Signature Suppression in a Semiconductor Laser With Frequency-Detuned Grating Feedback

Chaotic dynamics of a semiconductor laser subject to optical feedback from a frequency-detuned fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is investigated experimentally and numerically. Although the FBG is similar to a mirror in perturbing the laser into chaos, it is not the same as a mirror because it provides spatially distributed reflections. Such distributed reflections effectively suppress the undesirable time-delay signature (TDS) contained in the autocorrelation function of the chaotic intensity time-series. The investigation shows that the best suppression of TDS is attained when the FBG is positively detuned from the free-running laser frequency. The TDS suppression is due to dispersion at frequencies near an edge of the main lobe of the FBG reflectivity spectrum. The suppression prefers the FBG at a positive detuning frequency because the laser cavity is red-shifted by the antiguidance effect. Numerically, the dynamical behavior is mapped in the parameter space of detuning frequency and feedback strength, where wide regions of chaos are identified. Experimentally, the TDS suppression by FBG feedback is demonstrated for the first time. The positively detuned FBG suppresses the TDS by over ten times to below 0.04 in the experiments.
Outcome prediction in pediatric medulloblastoma based on DNA copy-number aberrations of chromosomes 6q and 17q and the MYC and MYCN loci.

PURPOSE Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Current treatment decisions are based on clinical variables. Novel tumor-derived biomarkers may improve the risk stratification of medulloblastoma patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A model for the molecular risk stratification was proposed from an array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) screen (n = 80). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses for chromosome arms 6q, 17p, and 17q and the MYC and MYCN loci were performed in an independent validation set (n = 260). Copy number aberrations were correlated with clinical, histologic, and survival data. RESULTS Gain of 6q and 17q and genomic amplification of MYC or MYCN were each associated with poor outcome in the array-CGH study (n = 80). In contrast, all patients with 6q-deleted tumors survived. Given these findings, the following hierarchical molecular staging system was defined: (1) MYC/MYCN amplification, (2) 6q gain, (3) 17q gain, (4) 6q and 17q balanced, and (5) 6q deletion. The prognostic value of this staging system was investigated by FISH analysis (n = 260). The addition of molecular markers to clinical risk factors resulted in the identification of a large proportion of patients (72 of 260 patients; 30%) at high risk for relapse and death who would be considered standard risk by application of clinical variables alone. CONCLUSION Genomic aberrations in medulloblastoma are powerful independent markers of disease progression and survival. By adding genomic markers to established clinical and histologic variables, outcome prediction can be substantially improved. Because the analyses can be conducted on routine paraffin-embedded material, it will be especially feasible to use this novel molecular staging system in large multicenter clinical trials.
[Liquidity Crises in Emerging Markets: Theory and Policy]: Comment

(1992). Liberalization, crisis, intervention: The Chilean financial system 1975-1985. In Banking Crises, T. Baliio and V. Sundarajan (eds.). International Monetary Fund. Wallace, N. (1996). Narrow banking meets the Diamond-Dybvig model. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review, Winter, pp. 3-13. World Bank. (1998). Global Economic Prospects and the Developing Countries 1998/99: Beyond Financial Crisis. Washington, D.C.
Regulatory polymorphisms modulate the expression of HLA class II molecules and promote autoimmunity

Targeted sequencing of sixteen SLE risk loci among 1349 Caucasian cases and controls produced a comprehensive dataset of the variations causing susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Two independent disease association signals in the HLA-D region identified two regulatory regions containing 3562 polymorphisms that modified thirty-seven transcription factor binding sites. These extensive functional variations are a new and potent facet of HLA polymorphism. Variations modifying the consensus binding motifs of IRF4 and CTCF in the XL9 regulatory complex modified the transcription of HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 in a chromosome-specific manner, resulting in a 2.5-fold increase in the surface expression of HLA-DR and DQ molecules on dendritic cells with SLE risk genotypes, which increases to over 4-fold after stimulation. Similar analyses of fifteen other SLE risk loci identified 1206 functional variants tightly linked with disease-associated SNPs and demonstrated that common disease alleles contain multiple causal variants modulating multiple immune system genes. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.12089. 001
Career Patterns in Multi-level Quebec and Wallonia: Towards a Sub-State and Federal Political Class?

This chapter starts with a brief review of the existing studies on the two case studies. In terms of political careers, the Canadian and Quebecois political arenas are almost hermetic to each other whilst Belgium presents a rather integrated institutional structure between the regional and federal levels. Despite those strong differences, I demonstrate that the development of the sub-state and federal political class is not that dissimilar. To do so, I introduce a specific analytical framework as well as the concept of political class in section 3. Based on career patterns identified in section 4, I show how Quebec and Wallonia share important elements in terms of territorial structure of the sub-state and federal political class, despite very dissimilar aspects at first blush.
Genetic exchange in soil between introduced chlorobenzoate degraders and indigenous biphenyl degraders

Pseudomonas aeruginosa JB2, a chlorobenzoate degrader, was inoculated into soil having indigenous biphenyl degraders but no identifiable 2-chlorobenzoate (2CBa) or 2,5-dichlorobenzoate (2,5DCBa) degraders. The absence of any indigenous chlorobenzoate degraders was noted by the failure to obtain enrichment cultures with the addition of 2CBa, 3CBa, or 2,5DCBa and by the failure of soil DNA to hybridize to the tfdC gene, which encodes ortho fission of chlorocatechols. In contrast, DNA extracted from inoculated soils hybridized to this probe. Bacteria able to utilize both biphenyl and 2CBa as growth substrates were absent in uninoculated soil, but their presence increased with time in the inoculated soils. This increase was related kinetically to the growth of biphenyl degraders. Pseudomonas sp. strain AW, a dominant biphenyl degrader, was selected as a possible parental strain. Eight of nine recombinant strains, chosen at random, had high phenotypic similarity (90% or more) to the inoculant; the other, strain JB2-M, had 78% similarity. Two hybrid strains, P. aeruginosa JB2-3 and Pseudomonas sp. JB2-M, were the most effective of all strains, including strain AW, in metabolizing polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1242). Repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR analysis of putative parental strains JB2 and AW and the two recombinant strains JB2-3 and JB2-M showed similar fragments among the recombinants and JB2 but not AW. These results indicate that the bph genes were transferred to the chlorobenzoate-degrading inoculant from indigenous biphenyl degraders.
Ellipses resolution in WH-constructions in Pashto

The constructions in Pashto, having a question involving a WH-word equivalent and an answer or response to that question, are called WH-constructions. In most of the cases, in both written and spoken WH-constructions, there occur ellipses among them. This paper presents the first ever rulebased algorithm and the factors involved in ellipses resolution in WH-constructions in Pashto text. The algorithm resolves ellipses occurring in the answers to WH-questions by using the morphological and syntactic information of both the question and its corresponding answer. The algorithm accurately resolves the ellipses occurring in the answers to the questions having WH-words i.e. (Who-Dir), (Who-Obl), (What), (Which), (Where) and (How much) among them. The algorithm has been tested on real world text of Pashto taken from various genres such as books, novels, newspapers and online magazines. The algorithm achieved an accuracy of 76%.
POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION AND GENETIC VARIATION IN HOST CHOICE AMONG PEA APHIDS FROM EIGHT HOST PLANT GENERA

Abstract Habitat choice plays a critical role in the processes of host range evolution, specialization, and ecological speciation. Pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, populations from alfalfa and red clover in eastern North America are known to be genetically differentiated and show genetic preferences for the appropriate host plant. This species feeds on many more hosts, and here we report a study of the genetic variation in host plant preference within and between pea aphid populations collected from eight genera of host plants in southeastern England. Most host-associated populations show a strong, genetically based preference for the host plant from which they were collected. Only in one case (populations from Vicia and Trifolium) was there little difference in the plant preference spectrum between populations. All populations showed a significant secondary preference for the plant on which all the aphid lines were reared: broad bean, Vicia faba, previously suggested to be a “universal host” for pea aphids. Of the total genetic variance in host preference within our sample, 61% could be attributed to preference for the collection host plant and a further 9% to systematic differences in secondary preferences with the residual representing within-population genetic variation between clones. We discuss how a combination of host plant preference and mating on the host plant may promote local adaptation and possibly ecological speciation, and whether a widely accepted host could oppose speciation by mediating gene flow between different populations.
Control Design for Multiphase Synchronous Buck Converters Based on Exact Constant Resistive Output Impedance

This paper describes a control design methodology based on output impedance analysis for multiphase synchronous buck converters. This design leads to an optimal output voltage transient response. Two design alternatives are proposed. The first alternative uses an equivalent single-phase converter to design the control parameters. This approximation is valid as long as the deviations between the phases of the converter are within the usual tolerance limits. The second one achieves exact constant resistive output impedance regardless of the differences that exist between the phases. Simulation and experimental results are reported in order to validate the two design approaches.
Extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular disease: are they Jedi or Sith?

In the recent past, extracellular vesicles have become recognized as important players in cell biology and biomedicine. Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, are phospholipid bilayer‐enclosed structures found to be secreted by most if not all cells. Extracellular vesicle secretion represents a universal and highly conserved active cellular function. Importantly, increasing evidence supports that extracellular vesicles may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic targets or tools in human diseases. Cardiovascular disease undoubtedly represents one of the most intensely studied and rapidly growing areas of the extracellular vesicle field. However, in different studies related to cardiovascular disease, extracellular vesicles have been shown to exert diverse and sometimes discordant biological effects. Therefore, it might seem a puzzle whether these vesicles are in fact beneficial or detrimental to cardiovascular health. In this review we provide a general introduction to extracellular vesicles and an overview of their biological roles in cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, we aim to untangle the various reasons for the observed discrepancy in biological effects of extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases. To this end, we provide several examples that demonstrate that the observed functional diversity is in fact due to inherent differences among various types of extracellular vesicles.
Polynomial Models for interest rates and stochastic volatility

This essay discusses a class of arbitrage-free interest rate models that has tractable bond price. The resulting bond price depends on some suitable factor process in a polynomial way. We also extend this class of polynomial model to the stochastic volatility case and they can produce tractable price for power options. The main result of this essay is that we have established the necessary and the sufficient conditions for these models to be arbitrage free.
Suportabilidade a Afundamentos de Tensão em Geradores DFIG Empregando Limitador Supercondutor

In the modern world, the generation of electricity is fundamental to the industrial and economic development of a country. Economic growth coupled with growing environmental awareness has lead to an increased concern about energy sources. Therefore, the use of alternative sources was stimulated. Among these alternative sources, one of the most promising is wind power, which have became a viable and competitive source. Among the technologies of wind generators, one of the most used is the Doubly Fed Induction Generator DFIG, suitable for operation with variable speed turbines. This technology, DFIG, became widely used by some countries in their electrical systems. As a result, these countries were forced to adopt strict grid interconnection rules. One of the main rules requires that plant stay connected to the grid during voltage sags. Additionally, some codes such as the ones from Germany and Spain, requires reactive power infeed during voltage dips in grids, thus reducing sag’s effect. In this work, a theoretical study is held on the influence of sag in wind energy conversion systems using the DFIG technology. After this, a new solution for increasing the robustness of the turbine during a balanced voltage dip is displayed. The new solution is a device that incorporates superconductors current limiters. The device is analyzed in different configurations and strategies, then it is compared with conventional solutions. The validation was carried out by computer simulation used the PSCAD / EMTDC from Manitoba-HVDC. Simulation results presented a good device performance on increasing the robustness of the DFIG.
Mapping of potential fishing zones in support of fisheries management in West Africa

The distribution pattern of three tuna species viz. Skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis), Yellowfin (Thunnus albacares) and Bigeye (Thunnus obesus) and key environmental factors were analyzed to develop potential fishing zone (PFZ) maps to support fisheries resource management in West Africa. The PFZ maps were developed from a Generalized Additive Model built from a binomial distribution with a probit link function. Inputs into the model were presenceabsence data generated from tuna catch records from Ghana as well as sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface heights (SSH), geostrophic currents (UV) and salinity (SSS) datasets covering latitudes 10°S to 40°N and longitudes 35°W to 15°E in the period 2014-2015. Results from the analyses showed a non-linear response pattern with varying relationships among the environmental factors. The major fishing grounds identified from the outputs of the predictive model corresponded with regions where SST was between 21 and 28.5 °C, SSH above 0.05 m, geostrophic current speed above 0.25 m/s and SSS levels above 33.5 ppt. High tuna distribution was consistent with the major upwelling regions, suggesting that the dynamics of the upper ocean may account for the observed spatial pattern. Outputs from the model can provide a quick overview of the possible areas where tuna is likely to aggregate and the potential fishing grounds where monitoring and surveillance need to be intensified.
Current trends in physicians' practice arrangements. From owners to employees.

OBJECTIVE To examine current trends in practice organization among postresident patient care physicians in the United States. DESIGN AND SETTING The American Medical Association's Socioeconomic Monitoring System (SMS), a series of periodic surveys of nationally representative samples of nonfederal postresident patient care physicians. Physicians were divided into 3 categories based on the organization of their main practice. They were classified as employee physicians if they had no ownership interest in their practice, as self-employed solo physicians if they were in 1-physician practices in which they had an ownership interest, and as self-employed group physicians if they were in multiple-physician practices in which they had an ownership interest. PARTICIPANTS Nonfederal, postresident patient care physicians who provided more than 47 000 responses to SMS surveys between 1983 and 1994. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The proportion of nonfederal postresident patient care physicians who were employees between 1983 and 1994. RESULTS Between 1983 and 1994, the proportion of patient care physicians practicing as employees rose from 24.2% to 42.3% (P<.001), the proportion self-employed in solo practices fell from 40.5% to 29.3% (P<.001), and the proportion self-employed in group practices fell from 35.3% to 28.4% (P<.001). Most of these changes occurred in the latter half of the 12-year period. These trends, which are evident in virtually every segment of the patient care physician population, are especially prominent among young physicians. The growing proportion of employee physicians is associated with increases in the earnings of employee physicians relative to those of self-employed solo physicians. CONCLUSIONS Current trends in the US health care system are rapidly changing the career opportunities of patient care physicians and, hence, physicians' choice of practice arrangement.
Characteristics of diabetic retinopathy in SDT rats

We previously reported a new diabetic strain of the Sprague‐Dawley rat, named the Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat. The purpose of the present study was to report the histologic and ultrastructural characteristics of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a new animal model, the SDT rat.