Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxic Activity and Docking Studies of 2-arenoxybenzaldehyde N-acyl Hydrazone and 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives against Various Cancer Cell Lines

To understand whether previously synthesized novel hydrazone and oxadiazole derivatives have promising anticancer effects, docking studies and in vitro toxicity assays were performed on A-549, MDA-MB-231, and PC-3 cell lines. The antiproliferative properties of the compounds were investigated using molecular docking experiments. Each compound’s best-docked poses, binding affinity, and receptor-ligand interaction were evaluated. Compounds’ molecular weights, logPs, TPSAs, abilities to pass the blood-brain barrier, GI absorption qualities, and CYPP450 inhibition have been given. When the activities of these molecules were examined in vitro, for the A-549 cell line, hydrazone 1e had the minimum IC50 value of 13.39 μM. For the MDA-MB-231 cell line, oxadiazole 2l demonstrated the lowest IC50 value, with 22.73 μM. For PC-3, hydrazone 1d showed the lowest C50 value of 9.38 μM. The three most promising compounds were determined as compounds 1e, 1d, and 2a based on their minimum IC50 values, and an additional scratch assay was performed for A-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which have high migration capacity, for the three most potent molecules; it was determined that these molecules did not show a significant antimetastatic effect.
Numerical Modelling of Turbulent Boundary Layer

Most physical problems involving viscous fluid flows are characterized by turbulence where instabilities and large velocity gradients generate fluctuations in the flow field. Towed sonar arrays are exposed to turbulence in the boundary layer formed around the cable. Problems are related to the cable rotating around its own axis due to variations in tension force caused by the towing vehicle. Numerical calculations of a pressure driven flow along a cylinder are performed for the purpose of investigating the turbulent boundary layer around the cable. In this study, the numerical software OpenFOAM has been used in order to solve the flow field. The Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach was applied, providing a time-average solution of the flow quantities. The results were used in a comparative study with data obtained from Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Simulations were carried out for two Reynolds numbers based on the shear velocity; Re_tau=[240,550]. The cylinder was assigned two different rotational velocities in addition to a case with zero rotation. Results show that the normalized mean velocity profile is in good agreement with the universal law-of-the-wall and previous published data. Comparison with LES data indicated good agreement with Reynolds shear stresses and the normalized mean velocities in the case of a non-rotating cylinder. However, deviations were observed when rotation was applied. In order to ensure the quality of the numerical results a convergence study was performed. Special attention was paid to the near-wall region in order to capture all levels of the boundary layer.
Kelvin knots in superconducting state

The failed “vortex-atoms” theory of matter by Kelvin and Tait [1, 2] had a profound impact on mathematics and physics. Building on the under-standing of vorticity by Helmholtz, and observ-ing stability of smoke rings, they hypothesised that elementary particles (at that time atoms) are indestructible knotted vortices in luminiferous aether:
Compliance to whole bowel irrigation recommendations: a single poison center study

Abstract Introduction: Whole Bowel Irrigation (WBI) is used as a method of gastrointestinal decontamination for poisoned patients and may have low compliance when recommended by poison centers (PC). We set out to determine WBI compliance and analyze trends and possible associations between WBI compliance and clinical outcomes. Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective chart review of PC data from 1/1/2011 to 12/31/2019 and included cases in which WBI was recommended. We collected demographic data, exposure history, therapies recommended and performed, and clinical outcomes. Compliance rate was calculated. Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to look for differences in compliance based on case characteristics such as compliance rate by year, compliance based medication ingested and presence of intubation. We also looked for a possible association between WBI compliance and clinical outcome. Results: Four hundred and eighty-three cases met inclusion criteria. Fifty-five percent of patients were male and the median age was 32.5 years. Compliance to WBI recommendations was 58.2%. There was no significant difference in compliance when comparing by age, gender, medication ingested, or year. There was no association between compliance to WBI and clinical outcomes. Conclusions: We calculated a compliance rate of 58% when WBI was recommended. Compliance to WBI does not appear to be associated with changes in clinical outcome.
Elements of Numerical Analysis

Preface 1. Errors in computation 2. Linear equations and eigenvalue problem 3. Nonlinear equations 4. Interpolation 5. Numerical differentiation 6. Numerical integration 7. Ordinary differential equations 8. Splines and their applications 9. Method of least squares and Chebyshev approximation 10. Eigenvalues of symmetric matrices 11. Partial differential equations 12. Finite element method 13. Integral equations 14. Difference equations 15. Fourier series, discrete Fourier transform and fast Fourier transform 16. Free and moving boundary problems: a brief introduction Appendices Index.
Retrieving CH4-emission rates from coal mine ventilation shafts using UAV-based AirCore observations and the genetic algorithm–interior point penalty function (GA-IPPF) model

Abstract. There are plenty of monitoring methods to quantify gas emission rates based on gas concentration measurements around the strong sources. However, there is a lack of quantitative models to evaluate methane emission rates from coal mines with less prior information. In this study, we develop a genetic algorithm–interior point penalty function (GA-IPPF) model to calculate the emission rates of large point sources of CH4 based on concentration samples. This model can provide optimized dispersion parameters and self-calibration, thus lowering the requirements for auxiliary data accuracy. During the Carbon Dioxide and Methane Mission (CoMet) pre-campaign, we retrieve CH4-emission rates from a ventilation shaft in Pniówek coal mine (Silesia coal mining region, Poland) based on the data collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based AirCore system and a GA-IPPF model. The concerned CH4-emission rates are variable even on a single day, ranging from 621.3 ± 19.8 to 1452.4 ± 60.5 kg h−1 on 18 August 2017 and from 348.4 ± 12.1 to 1478.4 ± 50.3 kg h−1 on 21 August 2017. Results show that CH4 concentration data reconstructed by the retrieved parameters are highly consistent with the measured ones. Meanwhile, we demonstrate the application of GA-IPPF in three gas control release experiments, and the accuracies of retrieved gas emission rates are better than 95.0 %. This study indicates that the GA-IPPF model can quantify the CH4-emission rates from strong point sources with high accuracy.
Strategies to develop French pronunciation using virelangue

This article examines the effectiveness of virelangue as a strategy to overcome phonetic interference in beginners who have never studied French. This case study qualitative research used pre-test and post-test strategies to see the development of pronunciation from each trial, then analyzed the tests results using the theories of phonetics and phonology by Léon (1993) and Chaer (2009), the analysis of language errors by Tarigan Tarigan (2011), and the theory of interference by Weinreich (2011). The results indicate that there is interference called phonetic treatment of borrowed words. The most difficult sounds to pronounce are [ɛ̃] and [ʒ]. Due to the limited knowledge of the research subjects, there is also hypercorrection. During these trials, there is a development of pronunciation that improved the research subjects accomplishment from average to outstanding. Asian language studies students, learning more difficult sounds, were the only group pronouncing the virelangue correctly in the last trial. Keywords: virelangue, reading aloud, phonetics, interference, pronunciation
Cosmological radiative transfer codes comparison project – I. The static density field tests

Radiative transfer (RT) simulations are now at the forefront of numerical astrophysics. They are becoming crucial for an increasing number of astrophysical and cosmological problems; at the same time their computational cost has come within reach of currently available computational power. Further progress is retarded by the considerable number of different algorithms (including various flavours of ray tracing and moment schemes) developed, which makes the selection of the most suitable technique for a given problem a non-trivial task. Assessing the validity ranges, accuracy and performances of these schemes is the main aim of this paper, for which we have compared 11 independent RT codes on five test problems: (0) basic physics; (1) isothermal H II region expansion; (2) H II region expansion with evolving temperature; (3) I-front trapping and shadowing by a dense clump and (4) multiple sources in a cosmological density field. The outputs of these tests have been compared and differences analysed. The agreement between the various codes is satisfactory although not perfect. The main source of discrepancy appears to reside in the multifrequency treatment approach, resulting in different thicknesses of the ionized-neutral transition regions and the temperature structure. The present results and tests represent the most complete benchmark available for the development of new codes and improvement of existing ones. To further this aim all test inputs and outputs are made publicly available in digital form.
Building First-Generation Student Satisfaction for Students of Color: The Role of Academic Advising

ABSTRACT Research shows positive student perceptions on advising are associated with communication methods and advising styles. Despite the benefits of advising, first-generation Students of Color remain less likely to utilize academic advising services. The authors conducted two focus groups with 29 first-generation Students of Color to better understand their experiences with academic advising. Findings from this qualitative study highlight students’ empathy for staff with high advising caseloads, personal experiences of microaggressions associated with their race and/or first-generation status, and challenges with understanding advising practices. The study concludes with recommendations for advisors and administrators working with first-generation Students of Color.
Assessment of summertime ozone formation in the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China

The alarming increase of ambient ozone (O3) levels across China raises an urgent need in understanding underlying mechanisms of regional O3 events for highly urbanized city clusters. Sichuan Basin (SCB) situated in southwestern China has experienced severe O3 pollution at times in summer from 2013 to 2020. Here, we use the WRF-CMAQ model with the Integrated Source Apportionment Method (ISAM) to investigate the evolution mechanism and conduct source attribution of an extreme O3 episode in the SCB from June 1 to 8, 2019. This typical summer O3 episode is associated with the synoptic-driven meteorological phenomenon and transboundary flow of O3 and precursors across the SCB. Weak ventilation in combination with stagnant conditions triggered the basin-wide high O3 concentrations and enhanced BVOC emissions substantially contribute up to 57.9 μg/m3 MDA8 O3. CMAQ-ISAM indicates that precursor emissions from industrial and transportation have the largest impacts on elevating ambient O3 concentrations, while power plant emissions exhibit insignificant contributions to basin-wide O3 episodes. These results improve the understanding of the summertime O3 episode in the SCB and contribute insights into designing O3 mitigation policy.
Beyond the Instructional Functions of Teachers: A Phenomenological Study

This study explored the lived experiences of elementary teachers with multiple ancillary functions and how they are coping with their multiple assignments. A qualitative-transcendental phenomenology method of research was utilized, and the informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Findings of the study revealed the experiences of elementary teachers with multiple ancillary functions such as time management, work stress, and teacher productivity. Meanwhile, in terms of how they cope with the challenges of having multiple ancillary functions, the elementary teachers specified that planning ahead of time, collaborating with colleagues, and being positive in the workplace are the ways they used to alleviate the challenges and pressure that they are experiencing. Lastly, the elementary teachers uttered that building a harmonious relationship with colleagues, having a positive mindset, offering financial support, and coming up with a working schedule could help address the challenges of having multiple ancillary functions
Robustness of Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test for scale to dependence in the variables

The asymptotic efficiency of the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon (MWW) test for scale relative to the likelihood ratio test for equality of exponential scale parameters is evaluated. This efficiency is studied when the underlying variables have a bivariate exponential distribution of the form due to Morgenstern (1956), Gumbel (1960), Marshall and Olkin (1967), Downton (1970), Cowan (1987), and Sarkar (1987).
Lymph Node Involvement and the Clinical Stage as Predictors of the Survival of Patients With Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

In the treatment of various patients, the presence of lymphovascular invasion is a prognostic determinant, often taken into account by surgeons and oncologists. The exact frequency and prognostic impacts of this microscopic event in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) patients are, however, not clear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the lymph node involvement and the clinical stage of cancer as predictors of ACC prognosis. A systematic search was conducted covering a number of databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and EBSCO. A total of three studies were included in this analysis, with 591 participants, 247 of whom were males. Lymph node involvement and clinical stage were demonstrated as significant bad prognosis factors among ACC patients (HR = 1.48, 95% CI, 1.00, 1.96; P<0.0001). We found that lymph node involvement and clinical stage of the cancer are both significant predictors of bad prognosis of ACC.
Quantifying the (X/peanut)-shaped structure in edge-on disc galaxies: length, strength, and nested peanuts

X-shaped or peanut-shaped (X/P) bulges are observed in more than 40% of (nearly) edge-on disc galaxies, though to date a robust method to quantify them is lacking. Using Fourier harmonics to describe the deviation of galaxy isophotes from ellipses, we demonstrate with a sample of 11 such galaxies (including NGC 128) that the sixth Fourier component ($B_6$) carries physical meaning by tracing this X/P structure. We introduce five quantitative diagnostics based on the radial $B_6$ profile, namely: its `peak' amplitude ($\Pi_{\rm max}$); the (projected major-axis) `length' where this peak occurs ($R_{\Pi,max}$); its vertical `height' above the disc plane ($z_{\Pi,max}$); the $B_6$ profile's integrated `strength' ($S_{\Pi}$); and the $B_6$ peak `width' ($W_{\Pi}$). We also introduce different `classes' of $B_6$ profile shape. Furthermore, we convincingly detect and measure the properties of multiple (nested) X/P structures in individual galaxies which additionally display the signatures of multiple bars in their surface brightness profiles, thus consolidating further the scenario in which peanuts are associated with bars. We reveal that the peanut parameter space (`length', `strength' and `height') for real galaxies is not randomly populated, but the 3 metrics are inter-correlated (both in kpc and disc scale-length $h$). Additionally, the X/P `length' and `strength' appear to correlate with $v_{rot}/\sigma_*$, lending further support to the notion that peanuts `know' about the galactic disc in which they reside. Such constraints are important for simulations, as they provide a direct link between peanuts and their host disc. Our diagnostics reveal a spectrum of X/P properties and could provide a means of distinguishing between different peanut formation scenarios. Moreover, nested peanuts, as remnants of bar buckling events, can provide insights into the disc and bar instability history.
Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Pathways Related to Proliferation and Differentiation of Shitou Goose Myoblasts

Simple Summary The Shitou goose, the largest cultivated goose breed in China, has high research value in meat traits. Muscle development is regulated by genes related to myoblast proliferation and differentiation. In this study, the mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles of Shitou goose myoblast in proliferation and differentiation were constructed by Illumina sequencing. A total of 1664 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 244 DE-lncRNAs were identified between the two periods. Functional annotation showed that the DE-mRNAs and DE-lncRNAs were mainly enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway. These results provide new insights into the mechanism of muscle growth and development in large goose breeds. Abstract Chinese Shitou goose is a type of large goose with high meat yield. Understanding the genetic regulation of muscle development in Shitou goose would be beneficial to improve the meat production traits of geese. Muscle development is regulated by genes related to myoblast proliferation and differentiation. In this study, the RNA-seq method was used to construct the mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles of Shitou goose myoblasts and myotubes. A total of 1664 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 244 DE-lncRNAs were identified. The alternative mRNA splicing in proliferation and differentiation stages was also analyzed. Notably, pathways enriched in DE-mRNAs, DE-splicing transcripts, and DE-lncRNAs all point to the Wnt signaling pathway, indicating that the Wnt signaling is a key regulatory pathway of muscle development in Shitou goose. We also constructed the interactive network of DE-lncRNAs and DE-mRNAs and revealed some key genes of lncRNAs regulating the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. These results provide new insights for the study of the muscle development of the Shitou goose.
Exponential Family Sparse Coding with Application to Self-taught Learning

Sparse coding is an unsupervised learning algorithm for finding concise, slightly higher-level representations of inputs, and has been successfully applied to self-taught learning, where the goal is to use unlabeled data to help on a supervised learning task, even if the unlabeled data cannot be associated with the labels of the supervised task [Raina et al., 2007]. However, sparse coding uses a Gaussian noise model and a quadratic loss function, and thus performs poorly if applied to binary valued, integer valued, or other non-Gaussian data, such as text. Drawing on ideas from generalized linear models (GLMs), we present a generalization of sparse coding to learning with data drawn from any exponential family distribution (such as Bernoulli, Poisson, etc). This gives a method that we argue is much better suited to model other data types than Gaussian. We present an algorithm for solving the L1- regularized optimization problem defined by this model, and show that it is especially efficient when the optimal solution is sparse. We also show that the new model results in significantly improved self-taught learning performance when applied to text classification and to a robotic perception task.
miR-143-null Is against Diet-Induced Obesity by Promoting BAT Thermogenesis and Inhibiting WAT Adipogenesis

Excessive energy intake is the main cause of obesity, and stimulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis has emerged as an attractive tool for anti-obesity. Although miR-143 has been reported to promote white adipocyte differentiation, its role in BAT remains unclear. In our study, we found that during HFD-induced obesity, the expression of miR-143 in BAT was significantly reduced, and the expression of miR-143 in WAT first increased and then decreased. Knockout (KO) of miR-143 with CRISPR/Cas9 did not affect the energy metabolism of normal diet fed mice and brown adipocyte differentiation but inhibited the differentiation of white adipocytes. Importantly, during high fat diet-induced obesity, miR-143KO significantly reduced body weight, and improved energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance. Further exploration showed that miR-143KO reduced the weight of adipose tissue, promoted mitochondrial number and functions, induced thermogenesis and lipolysis of BAT, increased lipolysis, and inhibited lipogenesis of white adipose tissue (WAT). Our study considerably improves our collective understanding of the function of miR-143 in adipose tissue and its potential significance in anti-obesity and provides a new avenue for the management of obesity through the inhibition of miR-143 in BAT and WAT.
Hybrid feature extraction based on PCA and CNN for oil rig classification in C-Band SAR imagery

Feature extraction techniques play an essential role in classifying and recognizing targets in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. This article proposes a hybrid feature extraction technique based on convolutional neural networks and principal component analysis. The proposed method is used to extract features of oil rigs and ships in C-band synthetic aperture radar polarimetric images obtained with the Sentinel-1 satellite system. The extracted features are used as input in the logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), naive Bayes (NB), decision tree (DT), and k-nearest-neighbors (kNN) classification algorithms. Furthermore, the statistical tests of Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn were considered to show that the proposed extraction algorithm has a significant impact on the performance of the classifiers.
Social Capital and Self-Rated Health: A Cross-Sectional Study among Rural Japanese Working Residents

Social capital is positively associated with self-rated health; however, this association among workers is still unclear. Thus, this study examined the relationship between social capital and self-rated health with special attention to the employment type. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 6160 workers aged 20–64 years from two towns in Mie Prefecture in January–March 2013. Social capital was assessed using five items in 4816 income-earning workers. The social capital scores were summed and then divided into three groups. The self-rated health responses were dichotomised into ‘poor’ and ‘good’. The association was examined using a stepwise binomial logistic regression stratified by employment type and adjusted for potential confounders. Regular employees with low social capital had a higher significant odds ratio of poor self-rated health than medium (OR 0.58 95% CIs 0.39–0.87) and high (OR 0.39; 95% CIs 0.26–0.59) social capital levels after controlling for all potential confounders. Similar patterns were observed for non-regular employees with medium and high social capital. There was a significant relationship between some indicators of social capital and poor self-rated health among self-employees. These results highlight that social capital acts as an unequal health resource for different types of workers.