Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy of Human Nematodes: Learning from the Problems in Sheep

Regular use of chemicals to control infective organisms, including parasites, frequently results in the development of drug resistant populations. In the majority of parasitic species, and especially in gastrointestinal nematodes, it is a matter of when rather than whether resistance will develop. The way chemicals are used in a population of animals or humans will have an important effect on the speed at which resistance emerges. In an untreated population of nematodes, genes for resistance are likely to be present in very small numbers. However, any factor which allows these genes to become more prevalent will enhance the development of resistance. A key issue is what proportion of the next generation of worms derives from those surviving therapy. With occasional or random treatment, worms surviving therapy will make negligible or little overall contribution to environmental contamination, but with mass therapy there is a potential for the rapid development of resistance.
POSIX-compatible application-defined scheduling in MaRTE OS

Presents an application program interface (API) that enables applications to use application-defined scheduling algorithms in a way compatible with the scheduling model defined in POSIX. Several application-defined schedulers, implemented as special user threads, can coexist in the system in a predictable way. This API is currently implemented on our operating system MaRTE OS. We plan to propose it for a future revision of the POSIX standard.
Influence of Concentric and Unequal-Turn Windings on Vibration of Induction Machines Considering Supply With Low-Order Harmonics

As the wide application of power electronics devices, supply containing low-order harmonic becomes more and more common in industry. It may cause the significant vibration of induction motors (IMs). This study firstly analyzed the time-space distribution characteristics of the additional electromagnetic force caused by the low-order harmonics in supply. Then, an improved concentric and unequal-turn windings is designed and its impact on unconventional vibration of IMs is also analyzed. The increase ratio of force amplitude between the force in different cases is defined, by which the force characteristics of IMs with supply containing low-order harmonics and concentric and unequal-turn windings can be revealed under different load conditions. With a 32-kW IM, harmonic response analysis and experimental validation are also carried out, the results show that, with concentric unequal-turn winding, the vibration in different frequency bands can be reduced effectively, the average vibration can be suppressed from 89.7dB to 86.9dB.
Discoid Lateral Meniscus in Children. Long-Term Follow-up After Total Meniscectomy*

We retrospectively reviewed the long-term results of total meniscectomy performed in seventeen knees (fourteen children) to treat a discoid lateral meniscus. The mean duration of follow-up was 19.8 years (range, 12.5 to 26.0 years). On the basis of the rating system of the International Knee Documentation Committee, seven knees were normal (grade A), six were nearly normal (grade B), three were abnormal (grade C), and one was severely abnormal (grade D) at the latest follow-up evaluation. Ten of the seventeen knees had clinical symptoms of osteoarthrosis. Radiographs were available for fifteen of the knees at the latest follow-up evaluation. Eleven of the treated knees could be compared with the uninvolved, contralateral knee. Ten knees had osteoarthrotic changes, such as flattening of the lateral femoral condyle, formation of a ridge along the lateral femoral condyle, and spurring and sclerosis of the tibial plateau. Osteochondritis dissecans in two knees, nine and twenty years after the initial meniscectomy.
Dynamic ISAR Imaging of Maneuvering Targets Based on Sequential SL0

For maneuvering targets, the time-varying Doppler shifts will produce blurred inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images for a long coherent processing interval (CPI). By exploiting sparsity of the target scene, sparse recovery (SR) algorithms have been applied to achieve high cross-range resolution within a short CPI, during which the Doppler shifts nearly remain constant. For practical applications, however, the required pulse number for attaining an acceptable image is difficult to designate in various scenarios, and the common recovery procedure suffers from low efficiency because of having to solve a new SR problem from scratch when the new echo pulses are sequentially available. In this letter, we present a dynamic ISAR imaging algorithm based on sequential smoothed L0, which is proposed as an efficient recursive implementation of the SR approach. Furthermore, by defining the proper stopping rules, we can seek the optimal pulse number required in each CPI. Simulation results show that the proposed dynamic algorithm is more suitable for ISAR imaging of uncooperative targets.
Query-Biased Preview over Outsourced and Encrypted Data

For both convenience and security, more and more users encrypt their sensitive data before outsourcing it to a third party such as cloud storage service. However, searching for the desired documents becomes problematic since it is costly to download and decrypt each possibly needed document to check if it contains the desired content. An informative query-biased preview feature, as applied in modern search engine, could help the users to learn about the content without downloading the entire document. However, when the data are encrypted, securely extracting a keyword-in-context snippet from the data as a preview becomes a challenge. Based on private information retrieval protocol and the core concept of searchable encryption, we propose a single-server and two-round solution to securely obtain a query-biased snippet over the encrypted data from the server. We achieve this novel result by making a document (plaintext) previewable under any cryptosystem and constructing a secure index to support dynamic computation for a best matched snippet when queried by some keywords. For each document, the scheme has O(d) storage complexity and O(log(d/s) + s + d/s) communication complexity, where d is the document size and s is the snippet length.
Clogging of water supply wells in alluvial aquifers by mineral incrustations, central Serbia

The formation of incrustations on public water supply well screens reduces their performance considerably. The incrustations increase hydraulic losses, reduce the capacity of the well and screen, affect the quality of the pumped water and increase maintenance costs. In alluvial environments, the most common deposits are iron and manganese hydroxides. However, the rates of formation, compositions and levels of crystallization vary, depending on the geochemical characteristics of the alluvial environment, the microbiological characteristics of the groundwater and the abstraction method. Samples of 15 incrustations were collected from wells that tap shallow alluvial aquifers and were found to be dominated by iron. XRD analyses detected low-crystalline ferrihydrite and manganese hydroxide in the samples collected from the water supply source at Trnovče (Velika Morava alluvial). The incrustations from the Belgrade Groundwater Source revealed the presence of ferrihydrite and a substantial amount of goethite α-FeOOH. Apart from goethite, greigite (Fe3S4) was detected in three samples, while one sample additionally contained bernalite Fe(OH)3 and monoclinic sulfur S8. Among carbonates, only siderite was detected. Iron oxidizing bacteria generally catalyze deposition processes in wells, while sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) play a role in the biogenic formation of greigite. Determining the nature of the deposited material allows better selection of rehabilitation chemicals and procedure.
Evidence That Different Cation Chloride Cotransporters in Retinal Neurons Allow Opposite Responses to GABA

GABA gating an anion channel primarily permeable to chloride can hyperpolarize or depolarize, depending on whether the chloride equilibrium potential (ECl) is negative or positive, respectively, to the resting membrane potential (Erest). If the transmembrane Cl− gradient is set by active transport, those neurons or neuronal regions that exhibit opposite responses to GABA should express different chloride transporters. To test this, we immunostained retina for the K-Cl cotransporter (KCC2) that normally extrudes chloride and for the Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC) that normally accumulates chloride. KCC2 was expressed wherever ECl is either known or predicted to be negative to Erest (ganglion cells, bipolar axons, and OFF bipolar dendrites), whereas NKCC was expressed wherever ECl is either known or predicted to be positive to Erest(horizontal cells and ON bipolar dendrites). Thus, in the retina, the opposite effects of GABA on different cell types and on different cellular regions are probably primarily determined by the differential targeting of these two chloride transporters.
In vitro efficacy of over‐the‐counter botanical pediculicides against the head louse Pediculus humanus var capitis based on a stringent standard for mortality assessment

Abstract Infestation of the head louse Pediculus humanus var capitis DeGeer (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) is an important public health problem in Australia, with up to a third of children infested in some primary schools. Insecticide resistance and inadequate attention to the application instructions of topical pediculicides are common reasons for treatment failure. This study evaluated six popular Australian over‐the‐counter products against head lice, primarily comprised of different botanical extracts, and compared them with permethrin 1% (Quellada®) and a non‐treatment control in order to assess their in vitro efficacy. We also assessed commonly used criteria for evaluating pediculicide efficacy in vitro. All tested products failed to demonstrate high levels of efficacy with the exception of Tea Tree Gel®, which outperformed 1% permethrin. Permethrin had a high level of efficacy, but using stringent criteria 18% of lice were not dead at 3 h, indicating some resistance to Quellada®. Commonly used less stringent criteria were shown to overestimate mortality of head lice as a result of the protective phenomenon of stasis or sham death observed in exposed lice that may recover after some time. Using two different levels of stringency resulted in different rankings of efficacy for most products, with the exception of the first ranked product, Tea Tree Gel®. Rankings of efficacy also varied over time, even within the different assessment criteria. Government regulatory agencies should require standard in vitro tests using stringent mortality criteria, with an observation period of ≥ 6 h, to determine the efficacy of new pediculicides, and only products that cause a minimum mortality rate (e.g. 80%) in head lice collected from the target population should be licensed for sale.
Temperature and Composition Dependence of Sea Spray Aerosol Production

A discrepancy between laboratory and field‐derived parameterizations for the dependence of sea spray aerosol (SSA) particle number concentrations (Np) and size distributions on water temperature (Tw) exists. Here we address this discrepancy by quantifying the Tw dependence of SSA production over the range −2–25 °C for laboratory‐generated particles using a marine aerosol reference tank (MART), a miniature MART (miniMART), and a plunging jet. Four water types were considered: NaCl water, reef salt (RS) water, filtered and autoclaved reef salt (FARS), and filtered but not autoclaved seawater (NASW). For NaCl, RS, and FARS water the Np exhibited a moderate, monotonic increase with Tw for all generation methods (sensitivity of 2.1–4.1%/°C). This contrasts with some previous laboratory studies but is consistent with parameterizations derived from ambient observations. The reconciliation of laboratory results with these parameterizations supports their use in global models. The Tw sensitivity also increased with particle size in the submicron size range. This indicates the fraction of primary SSA that can act as cloud condensation nuclei has a different sensitivity to Tw than the total particle number. The particle production for actual seawater (NASW) differed from the other water types, exhibiting complex, irreproducible behavior with no clear Tw dependence due most likely to biologically or physically driven temporal evolution of seawater composition. This suggests that variability in seawater composition may have as large an impact as temperature on actual SSA production. These observations provide new constraints and context for understanding the dependence of SSA production on water temperature and composition.
[Fournier's gangrene in a patient with Hodgkin's disease: a clinical case].

The authors report a case of Fournier's gangrene in a 54-year-old patient subjected 6 days earlier to chemotherapy for mediastinal Hodgkin's disease. The patient had fever and reported the onset of worsening pain and heat sensations in the inguinal, perineal and scrotal areas. Objectively, there was local oedema followed by the onset of crepitation. The patient had a very low white blood cell count (900/cu.mm). The Patient underwent emergency surgery with multiple, communicating incisions in the inguinal, perineal and scrotal areas, with the removal of necrotic tissue and daily washing with physiological solution and 12% H2O2. He also received antibiotic treatment with metronidazole and gentamicin and 5 cycles of high-pressure oxygen therapy, with disappearance of pain and fever and good local tissue repair.
Neighborhood Triangular Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique for Imbalanced Prediction on Small Samples of Chinese Tourism and Hospitality Firms

In order to solve the problem of unsatisfactory results of imbalanced risk prediction on minority class samples, we suggested to adjust the up-sampling approach to be the neighborhood triangular synthetic minority over-sampling technique (NT-SMOTE). The new approach that we add the nearest neighbor idea and the triangular area sampling idea to the SMOTE performed better in dealing with samples of minority class by turning imbalanced problems into balanced ones. Thus, performance of single classifiers in predicting risk on imbalanced and small datasets was improved. By using the related knowledge of data excavation principles, the data of listed companies of the Chinese tourism and hospitality industry were processed. Missing samples and missing financial indicators were eliminated. Significant indicators of financial data were filtered out with significance test. Then, NT-SMOTE was used to over-sample minority samples. Further, we used a variety of popular single classifiers of financial risk prediction, including: MDA, DT, LSVM, Logit, and Probit, for risk prediction. These single classifiers improved with NT-SMOTE can reasonably and effectively solve the problem of imbalanced and small sample oriented firm risk prediction.
Cancer and Venous Thrombosis: Current Comprehensions and Future Perspectives

Abstract Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in all types of cancer and adversely impacts cancer prognosis. Randomized controlled trials with primary thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients generally show effective VTE relative risk reductions of up to 60%. However, absolute risks of VTE were fairly low. Thromboprophylaxis should therefore only be recommended to cancer patients at highest risk of VTE, who may benefit most from prophylaxis. Predictive risk models to identify patients at a high risk of VTE are promising, however additional validation is required. An increasing proportion of cancer-associated VTE is formed by incidental VTE, with similar risk factors and clinical consequences. Randomized trials are not yet available, but it seems reasonable to treat incidental VTE similarly to symptomatic VTE. In a substantial proportion of patients with unprovoked VTE without known cancer at the time of VTE diagnosis, concomitant or occult cancer is identified. Studies have investigated the value of extensive screening over routine examinations alone for occult cancer. Although extensive screening may be able to identify more occult cancers, its clinical benefit over routine screening has not been demonstrated.
Stable threshold voltage extraction using Tikhonov's regularization theory

We propose a new threshold voltage extraction with stability based on Tikhonov's regularization theory. It suppresses the instability of the transconductance change method and gives mathematically exact solution. Following the mathematical derivation, we convert the procedure into the MATLAB programming for users' convenience. Finally, the proposed method extracts the threshold voltage close to the physically meaningful one which means the gate-to-source voltage where /spl phi//sub s/=2/spl phi//sub f/+V/sub SB/. To confirm the proposed one, we compare it with others such as the linear extraction and the normalized mutual integral difference method. It was found that the proposed one extracted the physically meaningful threshold voltage very closely. Moreover, it is also observed that there is a high correlation between the proposed and the normalized mutual integral difference method.
Towards better TV viewing rates: exploiting crowd's media life logs over Twitter for TV rating

TV viewing rate is a critical indicator regarding the popularity of programs, eventually influencing the revenue of broadcast stations via advertisements. Currently, the major methodology for assessing viewing rates is the Nielsen TV rating, which depends on surveys using a small number of randomly selected representative groups, because of practical considerations such as cost and survey time. Hence, the method has been criticized for seeking to move the evaluation in a certain direction, depending on who participated in the survey. However, the present media environments are drastically changing our media consumption patterns; we can watch TV programs anywhere and anytime outside the home, where TV viewing was primarily focused in the past. Owing to the advance of the Internet and many social networking sites, surveying massive audiences' media lifestyles has become increasingly easier. In order to better evaluate TV viewing rates in the light of evolving TV lifestyles including the online video and mobile environments, we are proposing to estimate the public TV viewing rates by means of Twitter where we can monitor crowd voices relative to TV watching. With the utilization of wider range of people and broader crowds over Twitter, we can overcome the limitation of conventional TV ratings. In the experiment, we describe our exploratory surveys, conducted using a large amount of Twitter messages targeting TV programs in Japan.
A Hybrid Strategy Guided Multi-Objective Artificial Physical Optimizer Algorithm

Artificial physical optimizer (APO), as a new heuristic stochastic algorithm, is difficult to balance convergence and diversity when dealing with complex multi-objective problems. This paper introduces the advantages of R2 indicator and target space decomposition strategy, and constructs the candidate solution of external archive pruning technology selection based on APO algorithm. A hybrid strategy guided multi-objective artificial physical optimizer algorithm (HSGMOAPO) is proposed. Firstly, R2 indicator is used to select the candidate solutions that have great influence on the convergence of the whole algorithm. Secondly, the target space decomposition strategy is used to select the remaining solutions to improve the diversity of the algorithm. Finally, the restriction processing method is used to improve the ability to avoid local optimization. In order to verify the comprehensive ability of HSGMOAPO algorithm in solving multi-objective problems, five comparison algorithms were evaluated experimentally on standard test problems and practical problems. The results show that HSGMOAPO algorithm has good convergence and diversity in solving multi-objective problems, and has the potential to solve practical problems.
A Unified View on Multi-class Support Vector Classification

A unified view on multi-class support vector machines (SVMs) is presented, covering most prominent variants including the one-vs-all approach and the algorithms proposed by Weston & Watkins, Crammer & Singer, Lee, Lin, & Wahba, and Liu & Yuan. The unification leads to a template for the quadratic training problems and new multi-class SVM formulations. Within our framework, we provide a comparative analysis of the various notions of multi-class margin and margin-based loss. In particular, we demonstrate limitations of the loss function considered, for instance, in the Crammer & Singer machine. We analyze Fisher consistency of multi-class loss functions and universal consistency of the various machines. On the one hand, we give examples of SVMs that are, in a particular hyperparameter regime, universally consistent without being based on a Fisher consistent loss. These include the canonical extension of SVMs to multiple classes as proposed by Weston & Watkins and Vapnik as well as the one-vs-all approach. On the other hand, it is demonstrated that machines based on Fisher consistent loss functions can fail to identify proper decision boundaries in low-dimensional feature spaces. We compared the performance of nine different multi-class SVMs in a thorough empirical study. Our results suggest to use the Weston & Watkins SVM, which can be trained comparatively fast and gives good accuracies on benchmark functions. If training time is a major concern, the one-vs-all approach is the method of choice.
Orthogonal locality discriminant embedding for document classification

Dimensionality reduction algorithms, which try to reduce the dimensionality of data and to enhance the discriminant information, are of paramount importance in document classification. In this paper, a novel dimensionality reduction algorithm called orthogonal locality discriminant embedding (OLDE) is proposed to address these problems. The OLDE algorithm effectively combines the idea of local discriminant embedding (LDE) and orthogonal basis functions, which utilizes both the local manifold structure and label information to enhance discriminative power. Extensive experiments on three document databases show the effectiveness of the proposed OLDE algorithm.
A Case Study on Collaborative Work – Combining Dimensions while Learning

“Mosca” was an art project developed by art students, on a context of formal education, the project was designed in a collaborative learning mode. Throughout the presentation of this project one will reflect, on an empirical basis, as an actor and observer, upon the working platforms and the dimensions which were experienced in a very active and intuitive way: the physical and the virtual dimensions, used in order to create a physical event.
Microeconomic reforms and the revival in Australia's growth in productivity and living standards

Microeconomic reforms were introduced from the mid-1980s to stem the slippage in growth in Australia’s productivity and living standards. Productivity growth more than doubled in the 1990s to reach a record high. A range of possi ble explanations for the productivity surge are examined in the paper. The three most plausible are microeconomic reforms; education and skills in the workforce; and the rapid uptake and smart use of information and communications technologies. To a certain extent, these three factors have interacted. The surge in productivity growth has underpinned growth in average incomes that is strong by both historical and international standards.