Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surface-Potential-Based Drain Current Analytical Model for Triple-Gate Junctionless Nanowire Transistors

This paper proposes a drain current model for triple-gate n-type junctionless nanowire transistors. The model is based on the solution of the Poisson equation. First, the 2-D Poisson equation is used to obtain the effective surface potential for long-channel devices, which is used to calculate the charge density along the channel and the drain current. The solution of the 3-D Laplace equation is added to the 2-D model in order to account for the short-channel effects. The proposed model is validated using 3-D TCAD simulations where the drain current and its derivatives, the potential, and the charge density have been compared, showing a good agreement for all parameters. Experimental data of short-channel devices down to 30 nm at different temperatures have been also used to validate the model.
Process Viewing Patterns

Business processes represent a fundamental asset of a company as they describe the core knowledge underlying its competitive advantage. Tools for modeling and analysis of business processes have to cope with the increasing complexity of these processes. A view on a process intends to abstract from details and make complex processes easier to understand. A process view results from specific transformations applied to a process model. In this paper we introduce a metamodel for process views as well as process viewing patterns which specify elementary transformations to alter an existing process. The patterns are presented in a technology independent manner and can be applied to any process language that can be represented by a process graph.
Viability analysis on photovoltaic configurations

Energy research is basis for wealth creation that leads to successful societal transformation. PV systems play important role in sun energy extraction process. The different PV system configurations are compared on the basis of operational difficulties in the life long energy recovery processes of the module with a view of efficiency improvement and cost reduction. Significance of grid-connected PV Systems in the sun energy extraction process is presented.
Effect of Acute Stressor and Serotonin Transporter Genotype on Amygdala First Wave Transcriptome in Mice

The most prominent brain region evaluating the significance of external stimuli immediately after their onset is the amygdala. Stimuli evaluated as being stressful actuate a number of physiological processes as an immediate stress response. Variation in the serotonin transporter gene has been associated with increased anxiety- and depression-like behavior, altered stress reactivity and adaptation, and pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. In this study the instant reactions to an acute stressor were measured in a serotonin transporter knockout mouse model. Mice lacking the serotonin transporter were verified to be more anxious than their wild-type conspecifics. Genome-wide gene expression changes in the amygdala were measured after the mice were subjected to control condition or to an acute stressor of one minute exposure to water. The dissection of amygdalae and stabilization of RNA was conducted within nine minutes after the onset of the stressor. This extremely short protocol allowed for analysis of first wave primary response genes, typically induced within five to ten minutes of stimulation, and was performed using Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Arrays. RNA profiling revealed a largely new set of differentially expressed primary response genes between the conditions acute stress and control that differed distinctly between wild-type and knockout mice. Consequently, functional categorization and pathway analysis indicated genes related to neuroplasticity and adaptation in wild-types whereas knockouts were characterized by impaired plasticity and genes more related to chronic stress and pathophysiology. Our study therefore disclosed different coping styles dependent on serotonin transporter genotype even directly after the onset of stress and accentuates the role of the serotonergic system in processing stressors and threat in the amygdala. Moreover, several of the first wave primary response genes that we found might provide promising targets for future therapeutic interventions of stress-related disorders also in humans.
News story clustering using L-GEM based RBFNN

With the explosive growth of video resources on the Internet and Internet connected mobile devices, the needs of efficient video retrieval and video clustering are increasing. Video clustering is important because video resources on the Internet may be duplicate and highly similar. To reduce the use of bandwidth, users would like to fetch only one representative video resource instead of a number of highly similar or duplicated videos. In this paper, we first summarize current research development of video retrieval. Then, we propose a new video clustering method based on a Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) trained via a minimization of the Localized Generalization Error (L-GEM). The L-GEM provides estimation on the generalization capability of the RBFNN which helps to cluster news video from different channels with higher accuracy. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms RBFNN trained without the L-GEM.
Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) regulates skeletal muscle metabolism and insulin signaling via altered mitochondrial oxidation and reactive oxygen species production

Sirt3 is a member of the sirtuin family of protein deacetylases that is localized in mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial function. Sirt3 expression in skeletal muscle is decreased in models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and regulated by feeding, fasting, and caloric restriction. Sirt3 knockout mice exhibit decreased oxygen consumption and develop oxidative stress in skeletal muscle, leading to JNK activation and impaired insulin signaling. This effect is mimicked by knockdown of Sirt3 in cultured myoblasts, which exhibit reduced mitochondrial oxidation, increased reactive oxygen species, activation of JNK, increased serine and decreased tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1, and decreased insulin signaling. Thus, Sirt3 plays an important role in diabetes through regulation of mitochondrial oxidation, reactive oxygen species production, and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
Shifting public health practice to advance health equity: recommendations from experts and community leaders.

CONTEXT While the evidence base regarding the social determinants of health and their relationship to health inequities grows, the field of public health is challenged to translate this knowledge into practice changes that advance health equity. OBJECTIVE Drawing on the knowledge, beliefs, and experiences of public health experts and community leaders working to advance health equity, our objective was to develop and disseminate recommendations for changing public health practice to better address this problem. DESIGN We conducted semistructured, qualitative telephone interviews (n = 25) with key informants. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were coded and analyzed using both inductive and deductive methods. Member checks were used to enhance quality. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A purposeful sample of key informants was selected from content experts and community leaders involved with the development of the Unnatural Causes public impact campaign. Participants represented state and local health departments, community-based organizations, national research/advocacy organizations, and academic institutions across the country. RESULTS Participants distinguished between social determinants of health and their structural precursors in social and political institutions. They believed that the field of public health has an obligation to address health inequities and shifts in practice are needed that focus more attention on societal factors that underlie such inequities. According to participants, specific practice changes are difficult to identify because actions should be community specific and community driven. Recommended approaches that may be adapted to community-based needs and assets include building nontraditional partnerships, engaging in political advocacy, promoting community leadership, collecting better data on social conditions and institutional factors, and enhancing communication for health equity. CONCLUSIONS Recommended shifts in practice may be facilitated by revisiting our understanding of the 3 core functions of public health-assessment, assurance, and policy development.
Kinetics of retrograde signalling initiation in the high light response of Arabidopsis thaliana

High light acclimation depends on retrograde control of nuclear gene expression. Retrograde regulation uses multiple signalling pathways and thus exploits signal patterns. To maximally challenge the acclimation system, Arabidopsis thaliana plants were either adapted to 8 (low light (L-light)) or 80 µmol quanta m−2 s−1 (normal light (N-light)) and subsequently exposed to a 100- and 10-fold light intensity increase, respectively, to high light (H-light, 800 µmol quanta m−2 s−1), for up to 6 h. Both L → H- and N → H-light plants efficiently regulated CO2 assimilation to a constant level without apparent damage and inhibition. This experimental set-up was scrutinized for time-dependent regulation and efficiency of adjustment. Transcriptome profiles revealed that N-light and L-light plants differentially accumulated 2119 transcripts. After 6 h in H-light, only 205 remained differently regulated between the L → H- and N → H-light plants, indicating efficient regulation allowing the plants to reach a similar transcriptome state. Time-dependent analysis of transcripts as markers for signalling pathways, and of metabolites and hormones as possibly involved transmitters, suggests that oxylipins such as oxophytodienoic acid and jasmonic acid, metabolites and redox cues predominantly control the acclimation response, whereas abscisic acid, salicylic acid and auxins play an insignificant or minor role.
Spontaneous use of matching visual cues during foraging by long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis).

A social group of 38 captive-born Macaca fascicularis was confined to a holding cage while food was placed in an outdoor enclosure next to a structure (e.g., stone, tree) that varied across trials. After the group was released and obtained the food, animals inspected other structures similar to the baited structure more quickly and more often than they inspected equally conspicuous nonmatching structures. Animals also varied their search according to the quality of food, remembered the exact location of food on the previous trial, and discriminated sharply between locations where other macaques found or did not find food. Use of visual cues by experimentally naive macaques seems far more efficient than would be expected from many prior laboratory studies but is consistent with wild macaque foraging behavior.
Testing Uncovered Interest Parity at Short and Long Horizons

The unbiasedness hypothesis - the joint hypothesis of uncovered interest parity (UIP) and rational expectations - has been almost universally rejected in studies of exchange rate movements. In contrast to previous studies, which have used short-horizon data, we test this hypothesis using interest rates on longer-maturity bonds for the G-7 countries. The results of these long-horizon regressions are much more positive - the coefficients on interest differentials are of the correct sign, and almost all are closer to the predicted value of unity than to zero. These results are robust to changes in data type and to base currency (i.e., Deutschemark versus US dollar). We appeal to an econometric interpretation of the results, which focuses on the presence of simultaneity in a cointegration framework.
The Neutralization of the Voice Quality Distinction in Dinka Songs: A Production and Perception Study

The purpose of this study is to determine if the phonemic voice quality distinction of Dinka is also conveyed in songs. Acoustic measurements (formant tracking and spectral regression) were applied for the first time to a song data set. The results clearly pointed towards a neutralization of the voice quality distinction in songs. A perception experiment was performed to back up the results of the production study. Listeners were first trained to distinguish between modal and breathy vowels in speech, and then tested on speech and song data. The experimental results corroborate the claim that no voice quality distinction is conveyed in singing. Given the absence of any significant acoustic cue shown by the acoustic analysis or detected by the listeners, the author concludes that context seems to be the only means to disambiguate homophones in songs.
Overuse injuries and burnout in youth sports: a position statement from the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine

### Background Youth sport participation offers many benefits including the development of self-esteem, peer socialisation and general fitness. However, an emphasis on competitive success, often driven by goals of elite-level travel team selection, collegiate scholarships, Olympic and National team membership and even professional contracts, has seemingly become widespread. This has resulted in an increased pressure to begin high-intensity training at young ages. Such an excessive focus on early intensive training and competition at young ages rather than skill development can lead to overuse injury and burnout. ### Purpose To provide a systematic, evidenced-based review that will (1) assist clinicians in recognising young athletes at risk for overuse injuries and burnout; (2)delineate the risk factors and injuries that are unique to the skeletally immature young athlete; (3) describe specific high-risk overuse injuries that present management challenges and/or can lead to long-term health consequences; (4) summarise the risk factors and symptoms associated with burnout in young athletes; (5)provide recommendations on overuse injury prevention. ### Methodology Medical Subject Headings (MeSHs) and text words were searched on 26 March 2012 from MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The search yielded 953 unique articles. Additional articles were found using cross-referencing. The process was repeated on 10 July 2013 to review any new articles since the original search. Screening by the authors yielded a total of 208 relevant sources that were used for this article. Recommendations were classified using the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) grading system. ### Definition of overuse injury Overuse injuries occur due to repetitive submaximal loading of the musculoskeletal system when rest is not adequate to allow for structural adaptation to take place. Injury can involve the muscle-tendon unit, bone, bursa, neurovascular structures and the physis. Overuse injuries unique to young athletes include apophyseal injuries and physeal stress injuries. ### Epidemiology It is estimated that 27 million US youth between 6 and 18 years of age participate in …
Chronic Kidney Disease Is Associated With the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

Background— Chronic kidney disease is associated with the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Chronic kidney disease may also increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), but existing studies have reported inconsistent results. Methods and Results— We estimated cystatin C–based glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcys) and measured urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in 10 328 men and women free of AF from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study in 1996 to 1998. Incidence of AF was ascertained through the end of 2007. During a median follow-up of 10.1 years, we identified 788 incident AF cases. Compared with individuals with eGFRcys ≥90 mL · min−1 · 1.73 m−2, multivariable hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of AF were 1.3 (95% CI, 1.1 to 1.6), 1.6 (95% CI, 1.3 to 2.1), and 3.2 (95% CI, 2.0 to 5.0; P for trend <0.0001) in those with eGFRcys of 60 to 89, 30 to 59, and 15 to 29 mL · min−1 · 1.73 m−2, respectively. Similarly, the presence of macroalbuminuria (ACR ≥300 mg/g; hazard ratio, 3.2; 95% CI, 2.3 to 4.5) and microalbuminuria (ACR, 30 to 299 mg/g; hazard ratio, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.6 to 2.4) was associated with higher AF risk compared with those with ACR <30 mg/g. Risk of AF was particularly elevated in those with both low eGFRcys and macroalbuminuria (hazard ratio, 13.1; 95% CI, 6.0 to 28.6, comparing individuals with ACR ≥300 mg/g and eGFRcys of 15 to 29 mL · min−1 · 1.73 m−2 and those with ACR <30 mg/g and eGFRcys ≥90 mL · min−1 · 1.73 m−2). Conclusion— In this large population-based study, reduced kidney function and presence of albuminuria were strongly associated with the incidence of AF independently of other risk factors.
The use of robotic endovascular catheters in the facilitation of transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

OBJECTIVES The use of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is rapidly increasing with advances in technology and improved clinical outcomes. Adoption of robotic catheter technologies could have a role in TAVI, in different stages of the procedure, to improve endovascular tool manipulation and potentially reduce the risk of cerebral embolization. The aim was to determine whether there are advantages in using a robotic catheter for TAVI in the initial stages of the procedure; aortic arch navigation and valve crossing. METHODS A silicone in vitro model of the aorta and stenotic aortic valve was developed. Fifteen operators performed the fluoroscopy-guided simulation using manual and robotic techniques. Performance metrics-time and vessel wall contact (wall-hits) were compared (Wilcoxon's signed-rank test). RESULTS Overall, the time taken for robotic arch navigation was increased (3.09 min interquartile range (1.24-6.29) vs 1.21 min (0.15-4.42); P = 0.03). Contact with the aortic arch wall, however, significantly decreased using the robotic catheter: wall-hits 1 (0-5) vs 6 (2-22), P < 0.01. For valve crossing, there was no significant increase in time and wall-hits when using the robotic technology. CONCLUSIONS Use of robotic catheter technology is feasible in the initial stages of TAVI. Although it takes longer, robotic navigation reduces contact with the aortic arch wall, potentially reducing the embolic risk during endovascular manipulation. Using a robotic catheter is possible without increasing the number of wall-hits during valve crossing. This may provide a stable platform for wire positioning in the ventricle. With improvements in technology, perhaps allowing valve deployment, the stability and accuracy of the robotic arm may further improve performance.
Sensitivity and Power Deposition in a High‐Field Imaging Experiment

Image signal‐to‐noise ratio and power dissipation are investigated theoretically up to 400 MHz. While the text is mathematical, the figures give insights into predictions. Hertz potential is introduced for probe modeling where charge separation cannot be ignored. Using a spherical geometry, the potential from current loops that would produce a homogeneous static B1 field is calculated; at high frequency it is shown to create an unnecessarily inhomogeneous field. However, a totally homogeneous field is shown to be unattainable. Boundary conditions are solved for circularly polarized fields, and strategies for limited shimming of the sample B1 field are then presented. A distinction is drawn between dielectric resonance and spatial field focusing. At high frequency, the region of maximum specific absorption is shown to move inside the sample and decrease. From the fields in both rotating frames, the signal‐to‐noise ratio is derived and compared with the traditional, low‐frequency formulation. On average, it is mostly found to be slightly larger at high frequency. Nevertheless, the free induction decay is sometimes found to be annulled. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2000;12:46–67. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reverse transcription of the yeast Ty1 retrotransposon: the mode of first strand transfer is either intermolecular or intramolecular.

Replication of the yeast Ty1 retrotransposon occurs by a mechanism similar to that of retroviruses. According to the current model of retroviral reverse transcription, two strand transfers (the so-called minus-strand and plus-strand strong-stop DNA transfers) are required to produce full-length preintegrative DNA. Because two genomic RNA molecules are packaged inside the viral particles, the strand transfers can be either intra- or intermolecular. To study the mode of transfer of minus-strand strong-stop DNA during reverse transcription of the yeast Ty1 retrotransposon, we have analyzed the cDNA products that accumulate in the cytoplasmic virus-like particles of yeast cells harboring two marked Ty1 elements. Our results indicate that Ty1 minus-strand transfer occurs in a random manner with approximately similar frequencies of intra- and intermolecular transfer. It has been observed recently that intra- and intermolecular minus-strand transfer occur at similar frequencies during replication of a complex retrovirus such as HIV-1. These results together with the observation that genetic recombination occurs with a high frequency during minus-strand synthesis suggest that both packaged RNA molecules are needed for the synthesis of one minus-strand DNA.
Research Handbook on the Future of Work and Employment Relations

Contents: 1. The Changing Face of Work and Employment Relations Adrian Wilkinson and Keith Townsend PART I: EMPLOYMENT RELATIONS THEORY 2. The Future of Employment Relations: Insights from Theory Bruce E. Kaufman 3. Finding the Future in the Past? The Social Philosophy of Oxford Industrial Relations Pluralism Peter Ackers PART II: ACTORS 4. The State and Employment Relations Jason Heyes and Ian Clark 5. Union Strategy and Circumstance: Bank to the Future and Forward to the Past? Gregor Gall 6. Concerted Capital: Understanding Employer Interests and the Role of Employer Coordination in Contemporary Employment Relations Michael Barry 7. New and Emerging Actors in Work and Employment Relations: The Case of Civil Society Organizations Steve Williams, Brian Abbott and Edmund Heery 8. Employment Relations and Managerial Work: An International Perspective John Hassard, Leo McCann and Jonathan Morris PART III: RETHINKING LABOUR 9. Skills in the Twenty-first Century Organization: The Career of a Notion Anne Fearfull and Martin Dowling 10. Working Time in the Employment Relationship: Working Time, Perceived Control and Work - life Balance Lonnie Golden, Barbara Wiens-Tuers, Susan J. Lambert and Julia R. Henly 11. Migration and Labour Markets: An Interpretation of the Literature Tom Lusis and Harald Bauder 12. Child Labor Scott Lyon and Furio Rosati PART IV: CHANGING CONTEXTS 13. Flexicurity: Still Going Strong or a Victim of the Crisis? Peter Auer and Kazutoshi Chatani 14. Governance, Finance and Employment Relations Geoffrey Wood 15. Employment Relations and Corporate Social Responsibility Steve Brammer 16. Industrial Relations in China: Ball of Confusion? E. Patrick McDermott PART V: TOWARDS A FAIRER WORKPLACE? 17. Equity in the Twenty-first Century Workplace Glenda Strachan, John Burgess and Erica French 18. Dimensions of Dignity: Defining the Future of Work Sharon Bolton 19. Justice in the Twenty-first Century Organization Jacqueline Coyle-Shapiro and Rashpal K. Dhensa Index