Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Substitutability of Spectrum and Cloud-Based Antennas in Virtualized Wireless Networks

Some of the new trends emerging in future wireless networks enable a vastly increased fluidity in accessing a wide range of resources, thus supporting flexible network composition and dynamic allocation of resources to VNOs. In this work we study a new resource allocation opportunity that is enabled by the cloud radio access network architecture. In particular, we investigate the relationship between cloud-based antennas and spectrum as two important resources in virtualized wireless networks. We analyze the interplay between spectrum and antennas in the context of an auction-based allocation mechanism through which VNOs can bid for a combination of the two types of resources. Our analysis shows that the complementarity and partial substitutability of the two resources significantly impact the results of the allocation of those resources and uncovers the possibility of divergent interests between the spectrum and the infrastructure providers.
Transactional and transformational leadership in schools in challenging circumstances: a policy paradox

This article reports on a research project that studied the approaches to leadership adopted by head teachers in one local authority in an area of extreme social deprivation in northern England. Using data from semi-structured interviews which was analysed using three software packages, it examines how far the heads use either transactional or transformational leadership and identifies the factors that lead heads to make leadership choices. It concludes that while heads use both approaches to leadership, they believe that transformational leadership is far more effective in bringing about change which produces successful school development. However, external pressures cause the heads to concentrate far more than they would wish on transactional leadership in spite of the espoused national policy to facilitate school improvement.
DATA ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING OF PARALLEL FREQUENCY SAR BASED ON COMPRESSIVE SENSING

Traditional synthetic aperture radar (SAR) utilizes Shannon-Nyquist theorem for high bandwidth signal sampling, which induces a complicated SAR system, and it is di-cult to transmit and process a huge amount of data caused by high A/D rate. Compressive sensing (CS) indicates that the compressible signal using a few measurements can be reconstructed by solving a convex optimization problem. A novel SAR based on CS theory, named as parallel frequencies SAR (PFSAR), is proposed in this paper. PFSAR transmits a set of narrow bandwidth signals which compose the large total bandwidth. Therefore, PFSAR only uses much less data to obtain a superiority image compared with a traditional SAR system. The data acquisition mode of PFSAR is developed and an algorithm of target scene reconstruction based on compressive sensing applied to PFSAR is proposed. The azimuth imaging of PFSAR is carried out based on the Doppler Efiect, and then, the range imaging is performed by using compressive sensing of parallel frequencies signal. Several simulations demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of PFSAR via compressive sensing.
Fate of Articles That Warranted Retraction Due to Ethical Concerns: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Objective To study journals' responses to a request from the State Medical Association of Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany, to retract 88 articles due to ethical concerns, and to check whether the resulting retractions followed published guidelines. Design Descriptive cross-sectional study. Population 88 articles (18 journals) by the anaesthesiologist Dr. Boldt, that warranted retraction. Method According to the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics, we regarded a retraction as adequate when a retraction notice was published, linked to the retracted article, identified the title and authors of the retracted article in its heading, explained the reason and who took responsibility for the retraction, and when the retracted article was freely accessible and marked using a transparent watermark that preserved original content. Two authors extracted data independently (January 2013) and contacted editors-in-chief and publishers for clarification in cases of inadequate retraction. Results Five articles (6%) fulfilled all criteria for adequate retraction. Nine (10%) were not retracted (no retraction notice published, full text article not marked). 79 (90%) retraction notices were published, 76 (86%) were freely accessible, but only 15 (17%) were complete. 73 (83%) full text articles were marked as retracted, of which 14 (16%) had an opaque watermark hiding parts of the original content, and 11 (13%) had all original content deleted. 59 (67%) retracted articles were freely accessible. One editor-in-chief stated personal problems as a reason for incomplete retractions, eight blamed their publishers. Two publishers cited legal threats from Dr. Boldt's co-authors which prevented them from retracting articles. Conclusion Guidelines for retracting articles are incompletely followed. The role of publishers in the retraction process needs to be clarified and standards are needed on marking retracted articles. It remains unclear who should check that retractions are done properly. Legal safeguards are required to allow retraction of articles against the wishes of authors.
Video transmission on JXTA

By analyzing the peer classification, structure, and configuration of juxtapose framework (JXTA), a mixed topology in a campus network environment is designed and implemented for peer-to-peer instant communication. A novel method of transmitting video data on JXTA overlap network is proposed, by which video can be included in JXTA applications. The feasibility is proved, furthermore, the performance is tested.
A cross-ocean comparison of responses to settlement cues in reef-building corals

Caribbean coral reefs have deteriorated substantially over the past 30 years, which is broadly attributable to the effects of global climate change. In the same time, Indo-Pacific reefs maintain higher coral cover and typically recover rapidly after disturbances. This difference in reef resilience is largely due to much higher coral recruitment rates in the Pacific. We hypothesized that the lack of Caribbean recruitment might be explained by diminishing quality of settlement cues and/or impaired sensitivity of Caribbean coral larvae to those cues, relative to the Pacific. To evaluate this hypothesis, we assembled a collection of bulk samples of reef encrusting communities, mostly consisting of crustose coralline algae (CCA), from various reefs around the world and tested them as settlement cues for several coral species originating from different ocean provinces. Cue samples were meta-barcoded to evaluate their taxonomic diversity. We observed no systematic differences either in cue potency or in strength of larval responses depending on the ocean province, and no preference of coral larvae towards cues from the same ocean. Instead, we detected significant differences in cue preferences among coral species, even for corals originating from the same reef. We conclude that the region-wide disruption of the settlement process is unlikely to be the major cause of Caribbean reef loss. However, due to their high sensitivity to the effects of climate change, shifts in the composition of CCA-associated communities, combined with pronounced differences in cue preferences among coral species, could substantially influence future coral community structure.
Object-oriented Analysis and System Level Architecture

The growing complexity of hardware/software systems requires a system level specification and design ap- proach. There are many practical problems in the applica- tion of object-oriented methods for this goal. Our aim is to explore the use of formal executable models on a system level as an approach for hardware/software co-specification. This paper reports experiences in developing executable speci- fications using the method SHE (Software/Hardware En- gineering) which is based on the formal language POOSL (Parallel Object-Oriented Specification Language). A system level description should initially model the essence of a system to be specified. Subsequently a model must be extended to analyse system properties based on exploration of possible implementation technologies. The modelling of system essentials as well as system technologies requires description on the right level of abstraction. This paper describes heuristics for system level modelling. They guide from informal specification to a unified formal model that enables evaluation of system properties.
Professional standards for teachers: a case study of professional learning

This paper analyses the current Australian policy and research context in relation to developing quality teachers. Like other countries, many educational authorities in Australia are developing professional standards for teachers and the evaluation of teachers against those standards as a mechanism for ensuring and extending the quality of teaching in schools. A key policy consideration involves the use of professional standards as tools for extending professional learning and/or for credentialing and appraisal. This paper considers these uses of standards by drawing on an evaluation of Education Queensland's Professional Standards for Teachers pilot. The pilot focused on using a set of standards as a framework for professional learning. Teachers' perspectives on the standards and their intended use, their engagement with the standards during the pilot and the nature of professional learning associated with that engagement are discussed in light of current policy debates about professional standards.
Course of Action Generation for Cyber Security Using Classical Planning

We report on the results of applying classical planning techniques to the problem of analyzing computer network vulnerabilities. Specifically, we are concerned with the generation of Adversary Courses of Action, which are extended sequences of exploits leading from some initial state to an attacker's goal. In this application, we have demonstrated the generation of attack plans for a simple but realistic web-based document control system, with excellent performance compared to the prevailing state of the art in this area. In addition to the new capabilities gained in the area of vulnerability analysis, this implementation provided some insights into performance and modeling issues for classical planning systems, both specifically with regard to METRIC-FF and other forward heuristic planners, and more generally for classical planning. To facilitate additional work in this area, the domain model on which this work was done will be made freely available. See the paper's Conclusion for details.
New dimensions of the sexual universe: Sexual discourses in Russian youth magazines

Study of three new Russian youth journals clearly charts shifts in the understanding of gender differences in Russian youth culture at the end of the 1990s. There exists a clear trend regarding the exploitation of the idea of a ‘new gender revolution’, including the fragmentation of the search for sexual identity, specific issues surround individual sexual preference encountered in the post‐Soviet moral climate, and the dominant role of the media in the formation of sexual discourses. It is clear that sexuality is a key lever of power in contemporary Russian society and as such a key site of struggle for the youth audience. In this sense Russian youth magazines work at a similar level to those in the West. In contrast to the West, however, non‐traditional sexualities are employed in Russian youth magazines as a challenge to the youth audience and in a way which links sexuality to wider philosophical and ideological quests.
Place Cells, Grid Cells, Attractors, and Remapping

Place and grid cells are thought to use a mixture of external sensory information and internal attractor dynamics to organize their activity. Attractor dynamics may explain both why neurons react coherently following sufficiently large changes to the environment (discrete attractors) and how firing patterns move smoothly from one representation to the next as an animal moves through space (continuous attractors). However, some features of place cell behavior, such as the sometimes independent responsiveness of place cells to environmental change (called “remapping”), seem hard to reconcile with attractor dynamics. This paper suggests that the explanation may be found in an anatomical separation of the two attractor systems coupled with a dynamic contextual modulation of the connection matrix between the two systems, with new learning being back-propagated into the matrix. Such a scheme could explain how place cells sometimes behave coherently and sometimes independently.
Pathogenic capacity of proteases from Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their suppression by chicken egg white ovomacroglobulin

The pathogenicities of three proteases from Serratia marcescens, two proteases from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and one thermolysin from Bacillus stearothermophilus were examined. All proteases tested caused acute liquefactive necrosis of the cornea and descemetocele formation in guinea pig eyes after intrastromal injection, with the exception of the 60-kilodalton protease from S. marcescens, which produced only an opaque lesion. When injected into guinea pig skin, the protease also enhanced vascular permeability, which was followed by edema formation. The permeability-enhancing activity of the proteases increased in parallel with the concentration of the enzymes. When tested in vitro for its effect on these bacterial proteases, chicken egg white ovomacroglobulin (ovoM) inhibited the enzymatic activity of all the proteases after a short incubation period at an enzyme/inhibitor ratio (molar) of 1:1 to 1:4 or at a lower concentration after a longer incubation period. Such treatment of the proteases with chicken egg white ovoM before injection intrastromally into the eyes or intradermally into the clipped flanks of guinea pigs protected the cornea from destruction or completely prevented the permeability reaction and edema formation. No inhibitory effects of plasma protease inhibitors against these bacterial proteases were noted. Since the proteases are critical in the pathogenic processes caused by the bacteria, these results suggest a beneficial effect of ovoM against bacterial infections.
Are Myocardial Infarction–Associated Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Ischemic Stroke?

Background and Purpose— Ischemic stroke (IS) shares many common risk factors with coronary artery disease (CAD). We hypothesized that genetic variants associated with myocardial infarction (MI) or CAD may be similarly involved in the etiology of IS. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 11 different loci recently associated with MI or CAD through genome-wide association studies were associated with IS. Methods— Meta-analyses of the associations between the 11 MI-associated SNPs and IS were performed using 6865 cases and 11 395 control subjects recruited from 9 studies. SNPs were either genotyped directly or imputed; in a few cases a surrogate SNP in high linkage disequilibrium was chosen. Logistic regression was performed within each study to obtain study-specific &bgr;s and standard errors. Meta-analysis was conducted using an inverse variance weighted approach assuming a random effect model. Results— Despite having power to detect odds ratio of 1.09–1.14 for overall IS and 1.20–1.32 for major stroke subtypes, none of the SNPs were significantly associated with overall IS and/or stroke subtypes after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Conclusions— Our results suggest that the major common loci associated with MI risk do not have effects of similar magnitude on overall IS but do not preclude moderate associations restricted to specific IS subtypes. Disparate mechanisms may be critical in the development of acute ischemic coronary and cerebrovascular events.
Codynamic fitness landscapes of coevolutionary minimal substrates

Coevolutionary minimal substrates are simple and abstract models that allow studying the relationships and codynamics between objective and subjective fitness. Using these models an approach is presented for defining and analyzing fitness landscapes of coevolutionary problems. We devise similarity measures of codynamic fitness landscapes and experimentally study minimal substrates of test-based and compositional problems for both cooperative and competitive interaction.
The component sizes of a critical random graph with given degree sequence

Consider a critical random multigraph $\mathcal{G}_n$ with $n$ vertices constructed by the configuration model such that its vertex degrees are independent random variables with the same distribution $\nu$ (criticality means that the second moment of $\nu$ is finite and equals twice its first moment). We specify the scaling limits of the ordered sequence of component sizes of $\mathcal{G}_n$ as $n$ tends to infinity in different cases. When $\nu$ has finite third moment, the components sizes rescaled by $n^{-2/3}$ converge to the excursion lengths of a Brownian motion with parabolic drift above past minima, whereas when $\nu$ is a power law distribution with exponent $\gamma\in(3,4)$, the components sizes rescaled by $n^{-(\gamma -2)/(\gamma-1)}$ converge to the excursion lengths of a certain nontrivial drifted process with independent increments above past minima. We deduce the asymptotic behavior of the component sizes of a critical random simple graph when $\nu$ has finite third moment.
Matrix-Matrix Multiplication Using Systolic Array Architecture in Bluespec

Computing matrix products is both a central operation in many numerical algorithms and potentially time consuming, making it one of the most well-studied problems in numerical computing. Various algorithms have been devised for computing C = AB, especially for large matrices. Mapping such algorithms to custom or general purpose hardware architecture is always a challenging task. By having a custom or ASIC hardware, the matrix-matrix multiplication can be implemented using least resources and can be accelerated to a large extent. Mapping the same algorithms on general purpose hardware, for example, implementing on general purpose Xilinx FPGA board always has inherent trade-offs such as area (power), time (maximum operating clock frequency), latency, hardware utilization efficiency and so on. The realistic way to compare two solutions would be to assign weights to each of these factors and choose a solution among multiple possible pareto optimal solutions.
Transport of Sulfonium Compounds

We report here the characterization and the molecular analysis of the two high affinity permeases that mediate the transport of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) andS-methylmethionine (SMM) across the plasma membrane of yeast cells. Mutant cells unable to use AdoMet as a sulfur source were first isolated and demonstrated to lack high affinity AdoMet transport capacities. Functional complementation cloning allowed us to identify the corresponding gene (SAM3), which encodes an integral membrane protein comprising 12 putative membrane spanning regions and belonging to the amino acid permease family. Among amino acid permease members, the closest relative of Sam3p is encoded by theYLL061w open reading frame. Disruption ofYLL061w was shown to specifically lead to cells unable to use SMM as a sulfur source. Accordingly, transport assays demonstrated that YLL061w disruption mutation impaired the high affinity SMM permease, and YLL061w was therefore renamedMMP1. Further study of sam3Δ andmmp1Δ mutant cells showed that in addition to high affinity permeases, both sulfonium compounds are transported into yeast cells by low affinity transport systems that appear to be carrier-facilitated diffusion.
Human cardiac myosin heavy chain isoforms in fetal and failing adult atria and ventricles.

The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that the relative amounts of the cardiac myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms MHC-alpha and MHC-beta change during development and transition to heart failure in the human myocardium. The relative amounts of MHC-alpha and MHC-beta in ventricular and atrial samples from fetal (gestational days 47--110) and nonfailing and failing adult hearts were determined. The majority of the fetal right and left ventricular samples contained small relative amounts of MHC-alpha (mean < 5% of total MHC). There was a small significant decrease in the level of MHC-alpha in the ventricles between 7 and 12 wk of gestation. Fetal atria expressed predominantly MHC-alpha (mean > 95%), with MHC-beta being detected in most samples. The majority of adult nonfailing right and left ventricular samples had detectable levels of MHC-alpha ranging from 1 to 10%. Failing right and left ventricles expressed a significantly lower level of MHC-alpha. MHC-alpha comprised approximately 90% of the total MHC in adult nonfailing left atria, whereas the relative amount of MHC-alpha in the left atria of individuals with dilated or ischemic cardiomyopathy was approximately 50%. The differences in MHC isoform composition between fetal and nonfailing adult atria and between fetal and nonfailing adult ventricles were not statistically significant. We concluded that the MHC isoform compositions of fetal human atria are the same as those of nonfailing adult atria and that the ventricular MHC isoform composition is different between adult nonfailing and failing hearts. Furthermore, the marked alteration in atrial MHC isoform composition, associated with cardiomyopathy, does not represent a regression to a pattern that is uniquely characteristic of the fetal stage.
Multi-level vertical channel SONOS nonvolatile memory on SOI

A new VC-SONOS (vertical channel SONOS) memory cell structure is proposed and fabricated using a 0.12 /spl mu/m SOI standard logic process for a next generation flash memory cell with ultra high density. This fabricated VC-SONOS memory cell, which has 57 nm wide vertical channels and 15 /spl Aring/ tunnel gate oxide, shows not only scaling breakthrough beyond 0.10 /spl mu/m flash memory but also multi-level operation with negative programming voltages.
Application of EAGLE algorithm for modules identification in biological networks

The biological data flood makes more and more genome-scale biological networks available. There is a need to identify functional modules in these biological networks, complex networks based methods offer promise in this regard. Here, we show that EAGLE algorithm can be used for functional modules identification. By applying the algorithm to the giant strong component (GSC) of Staphylococcus aureus metabolic network, we obtain 12 functional modules. We find that all of 12 identified functional modules have high modularity, and they also have obvious biological insights, which suggested the high efficiency of using EAGLE algorithm to identify functional modules in biological networks.
Deep Cover HCI: A Case for Covert Research in HCI

The growing popularity of methodologies that turn "to the wild" for real world data creates new ethical issues for the HCI community. For investigations questioning interactions in public or transient spaces, crowd interaction, or natural behaviour, uncontrolled and uninfluenced (by the experimenter) experiences represent the ideal evaluation environment. We argue that covert research can be completed rigorously and ethically to expand our knowledge of ubiquitous technologies. Our approach, which we call Deep Cover HCI, utilises technology-supported observation in public spaces to stage completely undisturbed experiences for evaluation. We complete studies without informed consent and without intervention from an experimenter in order to gain new insights into how people use technology in public settings. We argue there is clear value in this approach, reflect on the ethical issues of such investigations, and describe our ethical guidelines for completing Deep Cover HCI Research.