Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EG-TransUNet: Enhanced and Guided U-Net with Transformer for Biomedical Image Segmentation

— Although methods based on convolutional neural network have improved the performance of biomedical image segmentation, to meet the precision requirements of medical imaging segmentation task, the medical image segmentation method based on the deep learning still need to solve the following problems: 1) It is difficult to extract the discriminative feature of the lesion region in medical images during the encoding caused by variable sizes and shapes; 2) It is difficult to fuse the spatial and semantic information of the lesion region effectively during the decoding caused by redundant information and semantic gap. In this paper, we propose a novel U-Net variant architecture called EG-TransUNet, which is able to improve the feature discrimination at the level of spatial detail and semantic location using progressive enhancement module (PEM) and channel spatial attention (CSA) based on self-attention and effectively fuse the spatial and semantic information using semantic guidance attention (SGA). The proposed EG-TransUNet allows to capture object variabilities and provides improved results on different biomedical datasets. Extensive experiments on EG-TransUNet demonstrate that the method advances the performance on five publicly available segmentation datasets, and also, is more generalizable as compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Green HRM: A strategic tool to Promote Green Behaviors among Nurses

The current study analyzes the impacts of green health and safety management and green employee relationship and discipline management on the employee green behavior along with the mediation of green self-efficacy. The researcher focused on the healthcare industry of Pakistan and following quantitative research design, a sample of 300 nursing participants has been selected by the researcher with the help of purposive sampling technique. The data collection tool was a structured questionnaire, having close-ended questions, the data is collected by the researcher with the help of self-administered questionnaire-based survey. The collected data is analyzed with the application of SPSS. The impacts of both green health and safety management and green employee relationship and discipline management on employee green behavior are positive and significant. Furthermore, the mediation of green self-efficacy has been found to be significant as well, in both cases. The study will help the organizations devising the policies according to the green and sustainable practices and they can increase the marketability of their organization. Consumers are becoming more environmentally concerned and implementing adjustments according to the green behavior will help organizations build a better goodwill and brand name.
EFFECT OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE TEACHERS’SELF-EFFICACY ON PUPILS PERFORMANCE

The study was conducted to assess the influence of JHS Science Teachers’ self-efficacy on pupils’ performance. The study was guided with two research questions to find answers to the research problem. Theoretical and empirical literature was reviewed to give grounding in philosophy to the study. A correlational approach was adopted in giving direction to the entire study. The study was to determine the relationship between the variables in the research questions since there was no manipulation of any variable. The participants in the study were Junior High School pupils in form two and the integratedscience teachers. The participants were sampled through multi-stage sampling with a sampling size of 378 pupils and 34 integratedscience teachers. The instrument for the data collection with respect to the teachers was integrated science teachers scale (STS) while pupils answered a teacher-made test. Data collection was done by administering the instruments to the respondents through the head teachers and the participating teachers in adherence to Covid-19 protocols announced by the government of Ghana. The research questions were analysed using IBM-SPSS version 25. The result obtained revealed that there is no statistically significant correlation between the novice and the experienced science teachers’sense of Efficacy. Also, the result indicated that there was a relationship between teacher self-efficacy and students’ performance.The study recommends the enhancement of teachers’self-efficacy to promote students’ academic performance.
Optimism, overconﬁdence, and insurance decisions

We report experimental evidence regarding overconﬁdence, optimism, and insurance decisions. Our design distinguishes between an individual’s optimism bias and overconﬁdence bias , a contribution particularly important for understanding insurance decisions related to risks beyond the purchas-er’s control. Results show that optimistic participants incur a higher total cost of risk and are more likely to underinsure than non-optimistic participants, even when purchasing insurance maximizes expected payoffs. In contrast, we ﬁnd that overconﬁdence does not signiﬁcantly affect the decision to insure. However, participants with higher overall overconﬁdence show larger differences in insurance behavior when the risk of loss arises from their own mistakes. © 2021 Academy of Financial Services. All rights reserved.
on Graph Neural Network

Explore the application of GCN model to the prediction of knowledge transmission model. Teaching abstract into neural network, neural network model parameters education meaning, the model in the frequency domain space, design different convolution kernels, ﬁnally by GCN model of common teaching model, discusses several typical teaching model, the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis and comparison of practical teaching results, the rationality of the application of evaluation and scientiﬁc. The essence of different teaching organization modes of teachers is to adjust the graph neural network to predict the teaching effectthroughthemodel.Combinedwiththecomplexityofeducationandteaching process,theresultsofartiﬁcialintelligencealgorithmareinlinewiththereality ofeducationwithinthescopeofassumptions,whichisconducivetoknowledge dissemination.Innovationwillbeappliedtotheeducationofthegeneralcon-sumptionmodel.Withoutaonceandforallteachingmethod,teachersshould fullyestablishvariousteachinginformationplatforms,cooperatewithteaching andreasonableinteraction,scientiﬁcallyorganizeclassroomteaching,establish learninggroupscomposedofstudentswhohavemasteredsomeknowledge,and speeduptheefﬁciencyofknowledgedissemination.
Minimizing Liquid Waste in Peptide Synthesis

Peptide drugs are used to treat a broad spectrum of diseases such as cancer and HIV [1] and have many more promising applications, such as new vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 [2]. The most popular manufacturing method for peptides is solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) [3]. The main drawback of SPPS is that it is a costly and wasteful process [4]. SpinChem is a company that provides technology solutions for chemical processes. Recently, SpinChem has started investigating if their Rotating Bed Reactor (RBR) is suitable for peptide synthesis. The goal of this project is to investigate how the RBR can make processes like SPPS more resource-efficient. The idea is that the RBR-system can maximize the solid-phase to liquid ratio (STL). The STL is the ratio of the volume of solid-phase material and the volume of liquid. By maximizing the STL, it is possible to manufacture peptides using less solvents and chemicals. The main quest of the project is formulated into a single question:
What drives anti-immigrant sentiments online? A novel approach using twitter

Most studies use survey data to study people’s prejudiced views. In a digitally connected world, research is needed on out-group sentiments expressed online. In this study, we show how one can elaborate on existing sociological theories (i.e. group threat theory, contact theory) to test whether anti-immigrant sentiments expressed on Twitter are related to sociological conditions. We introduce and illustrate a new method of collecting data on online sentiments, creating a panel of 28,000 Twitter users in 39 regions in the United Kingdom. We apply automated text analysis to quantify anti-immigrant sentiments of 500,000 tweets over a 1-year period. In line with group threat theory, we find that people tweet more negatively about immigrants in periods following more salient coverage of immigration in the news. We find this association both for national news coverage, and for the salience of immigration in the personalized set of outlets people follow on Twitter. In support of contact theory, we find evidence to suggest that Twitter users living in areas with more non-western immigrants, and those who follow a more ethnically diverse group of people, tweet less negatively about immigrants.
Responses of vegetation activity to climate variation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (China) from 1982 to 2011

The response of vegetation activity to variations in cloud cover, temperature, and precipitation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from 1982-2011 was analysed using the third generation Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI-3g) and Climatic Research Unit (CRU) dataset. There was no significant correlation between growing season cloud cover and vegetation growth (p > 0.1) over the Plateau. However, both temperature and precipitation were positively and significantly correlated with vegetation growth (p 0.1). In sub-regions with lower altitude or latitude (where temperature is not the limiting climate factor), precipitation variations had an important influence on vegetation activity. The time lag between precipitation variations and changes in vegetation dynamics differed between those sub-regions of the Plateau with different plant species and soil properties. In the warm and humid region, vegetation activity was less sensitive to all of the climate factors compared with the other regions.
THE OVER-EDUCATION

While the literature on the incidence and wage effects of over-education is substantial, specific results for doctoral graduates are surprisingly scarce. This article aims to fill this gap, not only by measuring the prevalence of over-educated PhD holders in Europe (i.e. in EU Member States and the UK), but also by estimating their wage penalty relative to what they could have earned in a job corresponding to their level of education. Using a unique pan-European dataset, we rely on two alternative measures of over-education and control stepwise for four groups of covariates (i.e. socio-demographic characteristics, skills needed for the job, other job-specific characteristics and motivations for employment) in order to interpret the over-education wage penalty in light of theoretical models. Depending on the specification adopted, we find that over-educated PhD holders face a wage penalty ranging from 25 to 13.5% with respect to their well-matched counterparts. Our results also show that the over-education wage penalty is significantly higher for PhD holders who are both over-educated and over-skilled and especially for those who are both over-educated and dissatisfied with their jobs. Finally, unconditional quantile regressions highlight that the over-education wage penalty among PhD holders increases greatly along the wage distribution.
Modelling Drag Forces on a Wheelchair Racing Simulator

: A racing wheelchair simulator is a stationary device that allows para-athletes to train inside, in different simulated conditions (e.g., rolling resistance, wind). Apart from improving performance during training sessions, it also allows researchers to study the biomechanics of the propulsion in a laboratory, which is important because wheelchair racing can cause musculoskeletal disorders and pain in athletes. For these reasons, the realism of these simulators is paramount, and having a model that reproduces a non-linear relationship between drag force, wheeling speed and wind speed is one of the criteria for achieving this realism. In this work, we develop and characterize such a model through empirical data recorded on a racing track, and then implement it on a racing wheelchair simulator with a haptic controller. Propelling on this simulator proved to be somewhat less challenging than real-life conditions, with a measured resistance force approximately 5 N lower than during real propulsion conditions. However, the resistance expectedly increased as simulated face wind increased. These results show a promising avenue for racing wheelchair athletes, both for training and assessing/correcting their biomechanics.
SOURCES AND CONTROLS OF SULPHUR EXPORT IN PRECAMBRIAN SHIELD CATCHMENTS IN SOUTH-CENTRAL ONTARIO

Net export of sulphate from watersheds may delay the response of surface waters to changes in acid deposition. Long-term (18-yr) sulphate budgets were calculated for 8 headwater streams located in the acid-sensitive region of Muskoka-Haliburton, south central Ontario. Sulphate deposition in this region has decreased by almost 40% over the last 2 decades, and sulphate export from catchments has also generally declined over time, but most catchments are still a net source of sulphate to drainage streams. Net export of sulphate occurred in the majority of catchments in most years of record, but was particularly large following dry, warmer than average summers, when stream flow ceased for up to several weeks at a time. In years with warm dry summers, such as occurred in 1983/84 and between 1987/88 and 1990/91, inclusive, stream export from most catchments was between 1.5 and 2-times greater than was input via bulk deposition. Annual average sulphate concentrations in streams were strongly correlated with stream dryness, and were greater in years in which streams were dry for longer periods of time. Temporal patterns of annual sulphate concentrations and export were highly coherent among the 8 streams, and net sulphate export occurred in both wetland-draining and predominantly upland streams. Climate variables, specifically temperature and precipitation act on a regional scale and are likely responsible for similar temporal patterns of sulphate retention among these 8 physiographically different catchments. Net sulphate export from catchments may delay the recovery of acid impacted surface waters, despite reductions in industrial SO2 emissions.
Diagnostic Validation of Fully Automated ANA Detection by Indirect Immunofluorescence: An Initiative towards Standardization

Objective: This study entailed the diagnostic validation of an automated system utilized for the detection of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) through the indirect immunofluorescence method, juxtaposed with the traditional manual approach for ANA detection. The study was undertaken in the Department of Chemical Pathology at Chughtai Laboratory, Lahore, spanning a period of three months, from December 2018 to February 2019. Methods: A total of 132 patient samples were gathered for the purpose of conducting this validation study. The manual detection of ANA was performed by using slides coated with HEp-2 cells. An LED fluorescence microscope was used for the interpretation of results by a trained technologist as well as by a pathologist. After manual detection of ANA, the same specimens were evaluated by a fully automated ANA-IIF detection system which has inbuilt characteristics of slide processing, microscopy, image capturing and displaying specific ANA patterns. The results were interpreted as positive for those samples having sample titers more than 1:80. The same criteria of positivity were used for both manual and automatic systems. Results: A total of 132 specimens underwent evaluation through both manual and automated ANA indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) detection systems. The concordance between these two methodologies exhibited an overall agreement of 95.7%, with a positive agreement of 97.5% and a negative agreement of 94.9%. Cohen's kappa value stood at 91.7% (ranging from 83.4% to 98.9%), indicating a robust correlation between the two detection systems. The diagnostic sensitivity of the fully automated IIF methodology demonstrated 89.38% (with a 95% confidence interval of 77.24% to 96.13%) and the diagnostic specificity of 95.22% (with a 95% confidence interval of 87.88% to 98.76%). Conclusion: The fully automated showed strong correlation with manual ANA detection methodology based on the principle of indirect immunofluorescence.
Observations and dynamics of semiannual and annual sea levels near the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean boundary

Abstract Monthly sea level records from the western coasts of Thailand and Indonesia are examined together with atmospheric pressure, wind data, and a linear model to document and understand eastern equatorial Indian Ocean semiannual and annual sea level fluctuations. The semiannual sea level fluctuations are approximately constant in amplitude and phase for six sea level stations on a 4000-km stretch of coastline extending from 8.12°S to 7.83°N. Semiannual zonal equatorial winds in the Indian Ocean basin remotely generate these sea level fluctuations. In sharp contrast to the semiannual sea level, the phase and amplitude of the annual sea level fluctuations vary strongly along the coast. The annual fluctuations are forced predominantly by the coastal alongshore monsoon wind. For the six months from April to September this monsoon wind has a southeasterly component toward India, raising coastal sea level in the Northern Hemisphere and lowering it in the Southern Hemisphere; during the other six months win.
Seawater irrigation on nests can increase male marine turtle production

: Global warming is increasing marine turtle nesting beach sand temperatures throughout the world. All marine turtles have temperature-dependent sex determination, with female hatchlings produced at warmer incubation temperatures. These warmer sand temperatures are causing a scarcity of male hatchlings at many nesting beaches. A range of mitigation strategies including shading and freshwater irrigation are being trialled at marine turtle nesting beaches around the world to address this issue. Because seawater is always abundant at marine turtle nesting beaches, we trialled a number of intense, one-off seawater irrigation experiments (equivalent to 100 and 200 mm rainfall) to test if male green turtle Chelonia mydas hatchling production could be increased without decreasing overall hatching success at Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. We found that different combinations of seawater volume and temperature could produce a short-term drop in nest temperature by 2°C. When applied during the middle of embryonic development, these irrigation treatments could increase the proportion of male hatchlings compared to non-irrigated control nests, with less than a 10% decrease in hatching success. Hence, seawater irrigation has the potential to be a viable management strategy to increase the proportion of male marine turtle hatchlings at beaches that produce all, or nearly all, female hatchlings.
Multiparametric MRI detects multi-organ impairment in patients with chronic myeloid neoplasms with normal serum biomarkers.

Assessment of organ impairment in patients with chronic myeloid neoplasms is pivotal in selecting treatments and for accurate prognostication of patient outcomes. In order to determine the multi-organ health of patients with chronic myeloid neoplasms, we conducted a prospective, observational study utilising a novel MRI technology which quantitatively assesses the health of multiple organs in one scan. Organ impairment was significantly higher in the patient cohort compared to healthy controls, most notably with increased rates of kidney fibroinflammation 28% vs 0% (p-value = 0.002). MRI-defined kidney impairment was prevalent in patients with normal serum biomarkers of kidney disease, demonstrating the added value of MRI as a tool to identify occult organ impairment. This has wider implications for enhancing the assessment of organ health in patients with a variety of blood cancers at diagnosis and throughout treatment, guiding more personalised strategies and improving patient outcomes.
The relationship between perceived stress and pregnancy distress with self‐care of pregnant women: The mediating role of social support—A cross‐sectional study

Pregnancy is a stressful experience, which can affect different aspects of a woman's life. Yet, women with a supportive network of friends and family may experience lower stress and improved self‐care behavior. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and pregnancy distress with the self‐care of pregnant women, as well as the mediating role of social support.
Early marriage and its associated factors among women in Ethiopia: Systematic reviews and meta-analysis

Background Early marriage is defined as the union of one or both partners before reaching the age of 18 for the first time. This practice is widely prevalent in underdeveloped countries, particularly in Ethiopia, and has been observed to have detrimental effects on the educational and personal development of both male and female individuals. Methods The present study conducted a comprehensive search of the Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and PubMed databases. The data were extracted using Microsoft Excel (version 14) and analyzed using STATA statistical software. To examine publication bias, a forest plot, rank test, and Egger’s regression test were utilized. Heterogeneity was assessed by calculating I2 and conducting an overall estimated analysis. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed based on the study region and sample size. The pooled odds ratio was calculated. Results Out of a total of 654 articles, 14 papers with 67,040 research participants were included in this analysis. The pooled prevalence of early marriage among women in Ethiopia was 56.34% (95% CI: 51.34–61.34), I2 = 78.3%). The Amhara region exhibited the highest prevalence of early marriage, with a rate of 59.01%, whereas the Oromia region demonstrated the lowest incidence, with a prevalence rate of 53.88%. The prevalence of early marriage was found to be 58.1% for a sample size exceeding 1000, and 50.9% for a sample size below 1000. No formal education (AOR = 5.49; 95%CI: 2.99, 10.07), primary education (AOR = 3.65; 95%CI: 2.11, 6.32), secondary education (AOR = 2.49; 95%CI: 1.60, 3.87), rural residency (AOR = 4.52; 95%CI: 1.90, 10.74) and decision made by parents (AOR = 2.44; 95%CI: 1.36, 4.39) were associated factors. Conclusion and recommendation In Ethiopia, there was a high rate of early marriage among women. The research findings indicate that early marriage is more prevalent among mothers who possess lower levels of educational attainment, reside in rural areas, and are subject to parental decision-making. Our stance is firmly in favor of expanding the availability of maternal education and promoting urban residency. Furthermore, the promotion of autonomous decision-making by clients regarding their marital affairs is of paramount importance to family leaders.