Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expectations, identity & goals A study of student motivation and learning on the assistant nurse training program in adult education

This paper discusses expectations, identity and goals of students on the assistant nurse program in adult education. This particular program is a compacted version of the secondary level assistant nurse training program in Swedish secondary schools. The meaning of the program is to give people a quick qualification to people who need it in order to enter employment in the healthcare sector. The program is financed by the Swedish employment agency that employs educational contractors to run the program. The data in the study was taken from a questionnaire that 35 students filled in, who are currently engaged in the program. Two interviews were also done in order to create a bigger picture of the experiences of the students. The reason for this study was to examine the expectations and goals that students have on the program and see how it has an effect on identity. The Swedish employment agency has expectations for the people given an opportunity to do the program. This study examines if the students expectations and the Swedish employment agency’s expectations are in accord with one another.
Iron loss evaluation of three-phase inductor for three-phase PWM inverter

The iron losses of three-phase inductor used in a three-phase pulse-width modulation (PWM) inverter are evaluated. First we clarify three-phase inductor design in order to make same inductance value between the each phase. Then based on the design, iron losses for various structure of inductor are simulated. Simulation result shows the iron loss can be reduced about 5% by changing structure from conventional structure. Finally, we create conventional type and newly designed inductor and measure iron loss on a real PWM inverter. In the experiment, iron loss can be reduced about 10% compared with conventional type. Furthermore the calculated agree with measured losses within 10%. The iron loss reduction is verified by simulation and experiment.
Probe Dependence in the Allosteric Modulation of a G Protein-Coupled Receptor: Implications for Detection and Validation of Allosteric Ligand Effects

We recently described 3-amino-5-chloro-6-methoxy-4-methylthieno[2,3-b]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid cyclopropylamide (LY2033298) as a novel allosteric modulator of M4 muscarinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (mAChRs) on the basis of its ability to preferentially potentiate the actions of ACh at the M4 mAChR subtype. In the current study, we show that LY2033298 can also bind to the M2 mAChR and mediate robust positive or negative allosteric effects, depending on the orthosteric ligand used as a probe of receptor activity. This finding of striking “probe dependence” indicates that the previously described selectivity of the modulator does not arise as a consequence of selective affinity for a poorly conserved allosteric site but rather is due to subtype-selective cooperativity with ACh upon interaction with a common allosteric binding site. Moreover, a comparison of the effects of the modulator on orthosteric ligand affinity relative to signaling through a [35S]guanosine 5′-O-(3-thio)triphosphate or extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation assay at the M2 mAChR revealed that, although the effects on binding were positive in all instances, the effects on signaling were either positive or strongly negative, depending on the agonist and the pathway. Mutational analysis identified residues Tyr177 and Trp993.28 (Ballesteros and Weinstein numbers are provided in superscript to indicate relative position of residues within the transmembrane domain) as contributing to the binding of LY2033298, whereas the orthosteric site residues, Tyr1043.33 and Tyr4036.51, contributed to the ability of the ligand to impose pathway-biased modulation. Taken together, these findings have important implications for the detection and validation of allosteric modulators of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), because they highlight the potential for ligand misclassification or lack of appreciation of off-target allosteric activities.
Cerebral Blood Flow in Chronic Cocaine Users: A Study with Positron Emission Tomography

Occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents has been associated with cocaine abuse. We investigated the relative distribution of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in groups of chronic cocaine users, and of normal controls. Relative CBF was measured using positron emission tomography and 15oxygen-labelled water. The cocaine users showed areas of deranged CBF as evidenced by patchy regions of defective isotope accumulation throughout their brain. The chronic cocaine users showed decreased relative CBF in the prefrontal cortex when compared with normal subjects. The repeated scans of some cocaine users, after 10 days of cocaine withdrawal, continued to show decreased relative CBF of the prefrontal cortex. We hypothesise that some of the widespread defects in CBF in the cocaine users could reflect the effects of vasospasm in cerebral arteries exposed chronically to the sympathomimetic actions of cocaine.
Direct-Mode Glucose Fuel Cells with Near-Neutral-State Electrolytes: Anode Electrode Studies with Different Catalysts and Electrolytes

In the present study, a direct-mode glucose fuel cell with a neutral-state and near-neutral-state aqueous electrolytes is studied. The near-neutral state electrolytes are important for two reasons. Firstly, the pH of the electrolytes would be near the pH of liquid in living cells. Secondly, the neutral electrolyte would enable good corrosion resistance of catalyst materials. Three different catalyst materials, i.e. Pt-Pd, Raney-Ni and Ni-porphyrin complex, are tested in an anode half-cell configuration with one neutral-state (battery water) and with two near-neutral-state aqueous electrolytes, i.e. modified Krebs-Ringer (K-R) and phosphate, both buffered to a pH value of 7.4. Pt-Pd catalyst in the aqueous K-R electrolyte maintains the negative voltage of the anode half cell with higher current densities that the nickel catalysts do. To estimate the operation of the direct-mode glucose fuel cell, the K-R electrolyte from the anode half-cell tests is tested also in the cathode half-cell with combined catalyst of cobalt porphyrin complex and of spinel. The open circuit voltages and polarisation curves are measured. Also, preliminary results and oxidation degrees of glucose in the tests are shown. Based on our half cell measurements, there are high development demands for the electro-catalysts, which could work efficiently in the near-neutral-state electrolytes.
A comparative study of algorithms for recommending given names

Recommending given names is a special case of recommender system that is little explored, but has gained a great interest recently. Indication of names related to a user's query or suggestion of names for parents in order to choose a name for their unborn child are examples of applications of name recommendation. In this paper, we present results for this task by using a baseline approach that recommends only the most frequent searched names, two state-of-the-art recommender systems, and a proposed method based on graph. The empirical evaluation shows that our method based on graph provides better results than the other methods.
Membrane proteins specified by herpes simplex viruses. I. Identification of four glycoprotein precursors and their products in type 1-infected cells

Polypeptide precursors to the major glycoproteins specified by herpes simplex virus type 1 were identified in immunoprecipitation experiments using antisera that reacted specifically with the viral glycoproteins and their precursors. The results demonstrate that the major glycosylated proteins detected in infected cells are derived from four antigenically distinct polypeptides. Three of these polypeptides become glycosylated in two discrete stages, yielding partially glycosylated intermediates and fully glycosylated products. The final products are the predominant species detected in cytoplasmic virions and in plasma membranes. The fourth polypeptide precursor appears to acquire very little carbohydrate and differs in several respects from the other three precursors.
A Credal Approach to Naive Classification

Convex sets of probability distributions are also called credal sets. They generalize probability theory with special regard to the relaxation of the precision requirement about the probability values. Classification, i.e., assigning class labels to instances described by a set of attributes, is a typical domain of application of Bayesian methods, where the naive Bayesian classifier is considered among the best tools. This paper explores the classification model, called naive credal classifier, obtained when the naive Bayesian classifier is extended to credal sets. A fast classification algorithm is derived. A data-driven construction of the classifier is proposed and discussed. The latter takes the variability of the probability estimates into account, thus making classification more reliable.
Organ-Specific Roles of CYP1A1 during Detoxication of Dietary Benzo[a]pyrene

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed environmental toxicants derived from sources that include cigarette smoke, petroleum distillation, gas- and diesel-engine exhaust, and charcoal-grilled food. The gastrointestinal tract is the principal route of PAH exposures, even when inhaled. The most thoroughly studied prototype of PAHs is benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), well known to be toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic in various tissues and cell types. This lab has previously shown that Cyp1a1(−/−) global knockout mice treated by oral administration of BaP die at 28 to 32 days with immunosuppression, whereas wild-type mice remain healthy for 1 year on high BaP doses (125 mg/kg/day). Thus, for oral BaP, CYP1A1 is more important in detoxication than in metabolic activation. After several days of oral BaP, we found surprisingly low CYP1A1 levels in liver, compared with that in small intestine; we postulated that this finding might reflect efficient detoxication of oral BaP in proximal small intestine such that significant amounts of the inducer BaP no longer reach the liver. In the present study, many parameters were therefore compared in wild-type, Cyp1a1(−/−) global knockout, intestinal epithelial cell-specific Cyp1a1 knockout, and hepatocyte-specific Cyp1a1 knockout mice as a function of long-term oral exposure to BaP. The peak of CYP1A1 (mRNA, protein) expression in liver occurred at 12 h, whereas highly induced CYP1A1 in small intestine persisted throughout the 30-day experiment. Hepatocyte-specific Cyp1a1 knockout mice remained as healthy as wild-type mice; intestinal epithelial cell-specific Cyp1a1 knockout mice behaved like Cyp1a1(−/−) mice, dying with immunosuppression ∼30 days on oral BaP. We conclude that small intestine CYP1A1, and not liver CYP1A1, is critically important in oral BaP detoxication.
ELECTRONIC COMMERCE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Issues for Domestic Policy and WTO Negotiations

Electronic commerce and its related activities over the internet can be the engines that improve domestic economic well-being through liberalization of domestic services, more rapid integration into globalization of production, and leap-frogging of available technology. Electronic commerce integrates the domestic and global markets from its very inception. Negotiating on trade issues related to electronic commerce will demand self-inspection of key domestic policies, particularly in telecommunications, financial services, and distribution and delivery. Technical aspects of electronic commerce, its complexity and the characteristic of network externalities should change the way that developing countries approach the external negotiating process to depend more on cooperative effort through their regional forums (APEC, FTAA). Second, since electronic commerce is characterized by “network externalities,” developing countries should take advantage of the technical leadership coming out of the private sector in the most advanced countries (and their own private sector, even if nascent) and “draft” in behind. E-commerce is not a service, nor a good, but something that is comprised of both. In the context of WTO commitments, embracing this idea could lead to a liberalizing bias in favor of electronic delivery of goods and services as compared to delivery by a scheduled mode. Rather than view this outcome with alarm, developing countries should encourage it as a positive force that furthers the development both of electronic commerce, as well as engenders deeper liberalization and deregulation throughout the economy.
Development of a rapid control prototyping system based on Matlab and a USB DAQ unit

In this paper, we propose a new and cost-effective rapid control prototyping (RCP) system based on Matlab/Simulink and a DAQ (Data Acquisition) unit with the high speed USB communication interface. The proposed RCP system has a feature that a computer on which Simulink is running acts as a realtime controller and a DAQ unit performs data acquisition, transmission of the data to and from a computer, and the application of control data received from the computer. For its implementation, we develop 10 communication blocks each of which is constructed using S-function. In order to increase the data communication speed and thus to reduce the sampling period of the overall control system, we propose to use a batch transmission strategy through the USB interface. The proposed RCP system has several advantages over existing methods such as good maintainability, portability due to the USB interface, low cost, and no necessity for C-code generation even though it can only be applied to control systems with moderate sampling rates.
Dopamine receptors oppositely regulate cocaine-induced transcription factor CREB activation.

OBJECTIVE To study the role of dopamine receptors in the regulation of the activity of transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) after cocaine treatment. METHODS By using dopamine receptor antagonists SCH23390 and nafadotride, the activation of CREB by D1 and D3 dopamine receptors after cocaine treatment and role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in cocaine-induced CREB activation were examined by Western blotting, which was also employed for determination of the effect of SCH23390 and nafadotride on CREB activation. RESULTS D1 receptor antagonist could inhibit cocaine-induced CREB activation, while D3 receptor antagonist enhanced cocaine-induced CREB activation. Dopamine receptor antagonists SCH23390 and nafadotride did not induce CREB activation. SL327, a MEK inhibitor, inhibited cocaine-induced CREB activation. CONCLUSION D1 and D3 dopamine receptors can oppositely regulate CREB activation after cocaine treatment and this regulation depends on ERK signaling pathway.
Leveraging an homomorphic encryption library to implement a coordination service

The paper presents MorphicLib, a new partial homomorphic cryptography library written in Java that can be used to implement a wide-range of applications. The paper shows the use of the library with the HomomorphicSpace coordination service. This service is a tuple space that stores encrypted tuples but still supports operations like returning tuples with values within a certain range.
Sweeping Model of Dynamin Activity

Vesicle recycling through exocytosis and endocytosis is mediated by a coordinated cascade of protein-protein interactions. Previously, exocytosis and endocytosis were studied separately so that the coupling between them was understood only indirectly. We focused on the coupling of these processes by observing the secretory vesicle marker synaptobrevin and the endocytotic vesicle marker dynamin I tagged with green and red fluorescent proteins under an evanescent wave microscope in pheochromocytoma cells. In control cells, many synaptobrevin-expressing vesicles were found as fluorescent spots near the plasma membrane. Upon electrical stimulation, many of these vesicles showed an exocytotic response as a transient increase in fluorescence intensity followed by their disappearance. In contrast, fluorescent dynamin appeared as clusters increasing slowly in number upon stimulation. The clusters of fluorescent dynamin moved around beneath the plasma membrane for a significant distance. Simultaneous observations of green fluorescent dynamin and red fluorescent synaptobrevin indicated that more than 70% of the exocytotic responses of synaptobrevin had no immediate dynamin counterpart at the same site. From these findings it was concluded that dynamin-mediated recycling is not directly coupled to exocytosis but rather completed by a scanning movement of dynamin for the sites of invaginating membrane destined to endocytosis.
Discontinuation of Reflex Testing of Stool Samples for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Resulted in Increased Prevalence

Discontinuation of reflex testing of stool submitted for Clostridium difficile testing for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) led to an increase in the number of patients with healthcare-associated VRE bacteremia and bacteriuria (0.21 vs 0.36 cases per 1,000 patient-days; P < .01). Cost-benefit analysis showed reflex screening and isolation of VRE reduced hospital costs.
A Class of Siamese Twin Menon Designs

A $\{;0, \pm 1\};$-matrix $S$ is called a Siamese twin design sharing the entries of $I$, if $S=I+K-L$, where $I, K, L$ are non-zero $\{;0, 1\};$-matrices and both $I+K$ and $I+L$ are incidence matrices of symmetric designs with the same parameters. Let $p$ and $2p-1$ be prime powers and $p \equiv 3\ (mod\ 4)$. We describe a construction of a Siamese twin Menon design with parameters $(4p^2, 2p^2 - p, p^2 - p)$, yielding a Siamese twin Hadamard design with parameters $(4p^2 - 1, 2p^2 - 1, p^2 - 1)$.
Cortactin associates with N-cadherin adhesions and mediates intercellular adhesion strengthening in fibroblasts

The regulation of N-cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion strength in fibroblasts is poorly characterized; this is due, in part, to a lack of available quantitative models. We used a recombinant N-cadherin chimeric protein and a Rat 2 fibroblast, donor-acceptor cell model, to study the importance of cortical actin filaments and cortactin in the strengthening of N-cadherin adhesions. In wash-off assays, cytochalasin D (1 μM) reduced intercellular adhesion by threefold, confirming the importance of cortical actin filaments in strengthening of N-cadherin-mediated adhesions. Cortactin, an actin filament binding protein, spatially colocalized to, and directly associated with, nascent N-cadherin adhesion complexes. Transfection of Rat-2 cells with cortactin-specific, RNAi oligonucleotides reduced cortactin protein by 85% and intercellular adhesion by twofold compared with controls (P<0.005) using the donor-acceptor model. Cells with reduced cortactin exhibited threefold less N-cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion strength compared with controls in wash-off assays using N-cadherin-coated beads. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting showed that N-cadherin-associated cortactin was phosphorylated on tyrosine residue 421 after intercellular adhesion. While tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin was not required for recruitment to N-cadherin adhesions it was necessary for cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion strength. Thus cortactin, and phosphorylation of its tyrosine residues, are important for N-cadherin-mediated intercellular adhesion strength.
A tele-operated humanoid robot drives a backhoe in the open air

This is the first successful trial in the world to remotely control a humanoid robot so as to drive an industrial vehicle (backhoe) outdoors in lieu of human operator. Furthermore, the robot's operation was controlled while having it wear protective clothing to protect it against the rain and dust outside. This is too marks a world-first success demonstrating the humanoid robot's capability of performing outdoor work even in the rain. These results were achieved thanks to the development of the following three technologies: (1) the "remote control technology" for instructing the humanoid robot to perform total body movements under remote control and the "remote control system" for executing the remote control tasks; (2) the "protection technology" for protecting the humanoid robot against shock and vibrations of its operating sets and against the influences of the natural environment such as rain and dust; and (3) "full-body operation control technology" for controlling the humanoid robot's total capability to prevent the robot from falling over. The humanoid robot has a promising application potential for restoration work in environments struck by catastrophes and in civil engineering and construction project sites where it can "work" safely and smoothly.
CELL: Connecting Everyday Life in an archipeLago

We explore the design of a seamless broadcast communication system that brings together the distributed community of remote secondary education schools. In contrast to higher education, primary and secondary education establishments should remain distributed, in order to maintain a balance of urban and rural life in the developing and the developed world. We plan to deploy an ambient and social interactive TV platform (physical installation, authoring tools, interactive content) that supports social communication in a positive way. In particular, we present the physical design and the conceptual model of the system.
Slow excitatory synaptic potentials recorded from neurones of guinea‐pig submucous plexus.

Intracellular recordings made from neurones of guinea‐pig submucous plexus revealed three types of synaptic input: cholinergic excitatory synaptic potentials (fast e.p.s.p.s) of 50‐80 ms duration, inhibitory synaptic potentials (i.p.s.p.s) of 1 s duration, and non‐cholinergic, non‐adrenergic slow e.p.s.p.s which lasted for 15‐20 s. A single stimulus was sufficient to elicit the slow e.p.s.p. in all neurones in which this synaptic input was present. Slow e.p.s.p.s were recorded in those neurones which also displayed i.p.s.p.s. Both the i.p.s.p. and the slow e.p.s.p. appeared in an all‐or‐none fashion and were not affected by alterations in the stimulus strength. The inhibitory as well as the slow excitatory synaptic potentials reversed close to the K+ equilibrium potential, indicating that the i.p.s.p. is due to an activation of K+ conductance while the slow e.p.s.p. is due to its inactivation. Evidence is presented which suggests the slow e.p.s.p. may be generated at a synapse located some distance from the soma, presumably at a dendritic location. Only those cells which showed slow e.p.s.p.s responded to substance P with a depolarization which mimicked the slow e.p.s.p.