Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Considering Consumers' Repeated Consumption Behaviors in Collaborative Filtering Recommendation

Recommender system, which helps consumers to filter through large information and enhance consumers’ shopping experience and loyalty, is a critical application of big data analytics in retail industry. Many recommender systems are proposed and applied to real-word applications. However, existing recommender systems mainly concentrate on predicting the preference scores of unknown/unpurchased items to target users but ignore the consideration of consumers’ repeated consumption behaviors. Such assumption is not reasonable in some applications, such as department stores or grocery stores where repeated consumptions are common. Accordingly, this study concentrates on addressing this limitation by incorporating item repurchased probabilities into recommendation generation. The proposed repurchase-based collaborative filtering (RP-CF) technique has the ability to recommend both unpurchased and repurchased items. We collect a real-world dataset from a major chain department store in Taiwan for empirical evaluation. The findings are promising and shown that the RP-CF technique indeed improves the performance of personalized recommendation.
Brain electrophysiological correlates of masked picture priming in fluent and stuttering adults

iv Introduction 1 Language Processing During Speech Production 3 Current Evidence of Linguistic Processing in AWS 6 Brain Electrophysiological Techniques for Studying Linguistic Processing During Speech Production 7 Summary and Research Question 13 Method 15 Participants 15 Stimuli 16 Procedure 17 Apparatus and Recording 17 EEG-to-Average ERP Data Reduction 18 Analysis 19 Behavioral data 19 ERP data 19 Results 22 Behavioral Data 22 Naming accuracy 22 Naming reaction time 22 ERP Data 22 T380 effects 23 T516 effects 24 Discussion 26 Observed ERP Priming Effects 26 Clinical Implications 30 Lexical-semantic enrichment 30 Attentional enhancement 32 Reduction of verbal accessories 35 Summary and Conclusions 35 References 44
Regulation of Endogenous ADP‐Ribosylation by Acute and Chronic Lithium in Rat Brain

Abstract: In the present study, we investigated the effects of lithium on endogenous ADP‐ribosylation in rat brain. It was found that addition of lithium in vitro inhibits endogenous ADP‐ribosylation activity in extracts of frontal cortex at therapeutically relevant concentrations. Inhibition is observed at concentrations as low as 0.3 mM and is maximal at 1 mM when 50% inhibition is obtained. A similar degree of inhibition of endogenous ADP‐ribosylation was observed for all substrate proteins identified, including Gsα, suggesting that lithium's effect may be achieved at the level of ADP‐ribosyltransferases and not specific substrate proteins. In contrast to lithium, chloride salts of sodium and potassium do not alter endogenous ADP‐ribosylation activity in frontal cortex. To assess the possible in vivo relevance of this in vitro action of lithium, we studied the effect of chronic lithium administration on levels of endogenous ADP‐ribosylation in frontal cortex. It was found that chronic lithium treatment, in contrast to the inhibitory effect of the drug in vitro, produced a >35% increase in endogenous ADP‐ribosylation activity. A similar degree of increase was observed for all of the substrate proteins identified. These novel findings raise the possibility that certain endogenous ADP‐ribosyltransferases are among the acute targets of lithium in the brain and that adaptations in these enzymes may be part of the mechanisms underlying lithium's long‐term effects on brain function.
Diagnosis of Single-Gate Failures in Combinational circuits

Two procedures are presented for detecting and diagnosing arbitrary single-gate failures in combinational logic circuits. A gate is defined as any multiple-input single-output combinational circuit, and a failure is any detectable transformation of the correct gate function. The testing procedures do not require the construction of a fault table and will locate, to within an equivalence class, the faulty gate and describe its failure.
Gate Electrode Formation Process Optimization in a GaAs FET Device

This paper will describe how a gate electrode formation process in a GaAs FET device was analyzed and optimized for increased CD control and product throughput. Optimizations included a new resist in the photolithography process, a new solvent and equipment type in the metal liftoff process, and a new dome structure in the metal deposition process. These process optimizations resulted in a gate electrode formation process with improved CD control, a liftoff process with increased throughput, and the elimination of liftoff reworks.
Music expertise and memory: the relationship between music expertise and memory of music patterns, within various degrees of contextual constraint

The present study investigated the relationship between expertise in one's principal instrument and memory performance achievement of various aural melodic patterns, constructed in such a manner as to reflect three degrees of contextual constraint. Music patterns ranged from random music approximations (zero-order) to music patterns generated from systematically increased degrees of contextual constraint, simulating classical Western tonal music (second- and third-order music approximations). Participants were selected from those who play viola in the Chicago Symphony and the Toledo Symphony (experts) and in two high school orchestras (novices). Two tests were designed by the investigator to assess the respondents' ability to replicate music patterns in a listen–imitate format. Results indicated that for the approximations to classical Western tonal music (second- and third-order) there was a great difference between the expert and novice violists. The experts showed a superior performance. However, for the zero-order or random music approximations, there was little difference between the two research groups.
Potenciales evocados como marcadores neurofisiológicos de la percepción y el reconocimiento de caras

La percepcion y el reconocimiento de caras como funciones cerebrales complejas de gran relevancia psicobiologica son objeto de estudio por parte de la comunidad neurocientifica desde hace varias decadas. En este articulo se revisan los datos existentes sobre potenciales evocados y procesamiento de caras y se discute la significacion funcional de cada una de las respuestas psicofisiologicas analizadas en relacion con las diferentes etapas o modulos descritos en los modelos cognitivos y neurales sobre el procesamiento de rostros familiares y desconocidos. El procesamiento inicial de las caras esta relacionado con respuestas electrofisiologicas muy tempranas como la onda occipital P120, asociada a la deteccion de aspectos estructurales primarios sugerentes, grosso modo, de la presencia de una cara en nuestro campo visual. La onda temporal posterior N170 es mas sensible a la configuracion facial (vs. otros objetos) y a la presencia de rasgos faciales distintivos antes de que se produzca la individualizacion intra-categorial (reconocimiento visual de la identidad), mientras que las respuestas de latencia mas tardia como la temporal anterior N250r y la topograficamente mas distribuida N400 son las que reflejan, respectivamente, los procesos de acceso y recuperacion de informacion relativa a las caras conocidas en la memoria a largo plazo.
The Effect of Severe Child Sexual Abuse and Disclosure on Mental Health during Adulthood

This study examined the relationship among severe child sexual abuse, disclosure, and mental health symptoms during adulthood. The sample consisted of 172 adults who were sexually abused in childhood. The multivariate model showed that respondents in their 30s and 40s who were abused by more than one abuser, who were injured by their abusers, who were abused by a biological relative, who told someone about the abuse when it occurred, and who did not discuss their abuse in depth within one year of the abuse had a greater number of mental health symptoms. Abuse severity and disclosure history should be assessed by professionals to identify clients who are at higher risk of mental health symptoms and to focus therapy.
Understanding the Entrepreneur: An Index of Entrepreneurial Success

A measure of entrepreneur success is important to identify current and future successful ventures, to further our understanding of the entrepreneurial process and to guide public policies to improve the success rate of start-ups. In this paper we propose an index of entrepreneur success that accommodates multiple inputs and outputs, that is predicated on inputs and that mitigates the impact of outliers. We relate the index to characteristics of the entrepreneur and the venture: age, experience, gender, race, competitive advantage, education, and birthplace. The data are from the Kauffman Firm Survey. The index is calculated for 2,863 firms in 2006.
Experimental evaluation of radio frequency spectrum sensing detectors in TV bands

This paper deals with real time experiments with spectrum sensing in TV bands. First, different spectrum sensing algorithms suitable for fast signal detection of digital TV signals are reviewed. The performance of several selected detectors has been evaluated on data of real TV transmission in Brno region. Three different implementations have been setup - first using the Universal Software Radio Peripheral device, second using PC with data acquisition card sampling the DVB-T tuner intermediate frequency output and the third based on the implementation of energy detector in Xilinx Virtex IV FPGA. Moreover the experiments with decision fusion from heterogeneous detectors have been performed.
On the Viability of a Cloud Virtual Service Provider

Cloud service providers (CSPs) often face highly dynamic user demands for their resources, which can make it difficult for them to maintain consistent quality-of-service. Some CSPs try to stabilize user demands by offering sustained-use discounts to jobs that consume more instance-hours per month. These discounts present an opportunity for users to pool their usage together into a single ``job. '' In this paper, we examine the viability of a middleman, the cloud virtual service provider (CVSP), that rents cloud resources from a CSP and then resells them to users. We show that the CVSP's business model is only viable if the average job runtimes and thresholds for sustained-use discounts are sufficiently small; otherwise, the CVSP cannot simultaneously maintain low job waiting times while qualifying for a sustained-use discount. We quantify these viability conditions by modeling the CVSP's job scheduling and then use this model to derive users' utility-maximizing demands and the CVSP's profit-maximizing price, as well as the optimal number of instances that the CVSP should rent from the CSP. We verify our results on a one-month trace from Google's production compute cluster, through which we first validate our assumptions on the job arrival and runtime distributions, and then show that the CVSP is viable under these workload traces. Indeed, the CVSP can earn a positive profit without significantly impacting the CSP's revenue, indicating that the CSP and CVSP can coexist in the cloud market.
New concepts for a new age : Information service organizations and mental information work

Abstract To describe and conceptualize new forms of work and organization a questionnaire survey in service organizations (n = 845), and a telephone survey among workers (n = 1168) were held. New concepts are introduced to identify the types of work and organization found, i.e. “Information Service Organization” (ISO) and “Mental Information Work” (MIW). ISOs are characterized by activities such as collecting, storing, and processing data; advising people; and informing people. They also make a lot of use of IT (computers, programs) and electronic network connections. Most ISOs appear to be traditional in terms of working hours and places of work. MIW is a form of knowledge work characterized by mental manipulations of information; IT is often used. Flexi-time is relatively frequent in MIW, but most people work on a fixed place of work.
Scheduling of Modular Architectures forInductive Inference of Regular

The problem of inductive inference of regular grammars has recently been faced with recurrent neural networks by many researchers Giles et al. We claim that recurrent radial basis function (R 2 BF) networks Gori et al., 1993a] are very well-suited for dealing with such inferential problems, because of their clustered representation of the network states. On the other hand, the main problems that seem to aaect the success of such inferential methods is that of gradient vanishing Bengio et al., 1993] and of bifurcation of the weight space trajectory Doya, 1993] when learning long-term dependencies , no matter what recurrent network is used. In particular, in this paper, we propose using a modular neural network architecture in which the activations of each module are updated with their own rate. The updating rates and the connection of the diierent modules are arranged in such a way that the number of updating steps taking place in each module is signiicantly reduced with respect to the sequence length. Three architectural choices are explored in detail whose eeectiveness is evaluated with experiments of inductive inference of regular grammars. We have recently explored the integration of connectionist and symbolic processing for dealing with uncertain information Frasconi et al., 1994a; Gori & Soda, 1993b]. The symbolic support of the models that we have used is a nondeterministic automaton where some transition rules are learned from examples. A more thourough understanding of these models has led us to investigate general problems of inductive inference of regular grammars Angluin & Smith, 1983]. Unlike commonly approached neural network learning tasks, whose target is that of exhibiting a satisfactory generalization to new examples, the inductive inference of regular grammars requires extracting symbolic rules from the learned connguration. This extraction is likely to succeed if the learning process converges to weight conngurations producing clustered representations in the state space. Most of the times, the learned conngurations leads to an apparent automata behavior arising from the learning of sequences of small length. When acting on long sequences, the network behavior is likely to depart to some extent from the associated automaton. The recently suggested techniques for extracting automata after learning Giles et al., 1992] are interesting attempts to overcome this problem. However, an implicit assumption for a successful extraction of automata with clustering techniques is that the network state space is fairly well-separated in clusters.
Microsurgical treatment of intracranial saccular aneurysms.

✓ A consecutive series of 250 patients with cerebral aneurysms operated on with microsurgical techniques is presented. Good results were obtained in 83% of the entire series and in 94% of patients who were Grades 1, 2, and 3 preoperatively. The overall mortality rate was 5%; it was 1.6% for Grades 1, 2, and 3 patients, and there were no deaths in the 112 patients in Grades 1 and 2. The microsurgical techniques and the preoperative and operative factors that influenced the results are discussed.
Combined iterative and model-driven optimization in an automatic parallelization framework

Today's multi-core era places significant demands on an optimizing compiler, which must parallelize programs, exploit memory hierarchy, and leverage the ever-increasing SIMD capabilities of modern processors. Existing model-based heuristics for performance optimization used in compilers are limited in their ability to identify profitable parallelism/locality trade-offs and usually lead to sub-optimal performance. To address this problem, we distinguish optimizations for which effective model-based heuristics and profitability estimates exist, from optimizations that require empirical search to achieve good performance in a portable fashion. We have developed a completely automatic framework in which we focus the empirical search on the set of valid possibilities to perform fusion/code motion, and rely on model-based mechanisms to perform tiling, vectorization and parallelization on the transformed program. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach in terms of strong performance improvements on a single target as well as performance portability across different target architectures.
An Alternative Interpretation of the Relationship between Self-Concept and Mathematics Achievement: Comparison of Chinese and US Students as a Context

Abstract The paradoxical findings about students’ mathematics self-concept and academic achievement shown in international and comparative studies prompt this exploration of the function and development of mathematics self-concept. That is, when examining data within individual countries, a positive relationship exists between students’ self-concept and achievement in mathematics while a negative relationship emerges in cross-country comparisons. This challenges the popular and commonly held assumption among North American teachers who generally believe that self-concept predicts student achievement and thus, the improvement of students’ self-concept in mathematics leads to higher mathematics achievement. Using comparative studies of Chinese and US student mathematics learning, this study further analyses the inadequacy of existing theories and then seeks to explain the relationship between self-concept and achievement in mathematics using an alternative interpretation.
Disordered eating and disordered schooling: what schools do to middle class girls

This paper focuses upon relationships barely explored in the sociology of education either in the UK or elsewhere that lie between the practices and processes of formal education and the aetiology (the ‘causations’) and development of eating disorders, specifically, anorexia nervosa (AN) in young women and girls. In so doing, it also touches on other relationships relatively under explored in the sociology of education, between formal education and ‘the middle class’. Our analyses point to the ways in which social trends outside schools relating to ‘the body’ and health generate and intersect with what we refer to as performance and perfection codes following Bernstein (2000) and Evans and Davies (2004). These create conditions of school work that, while increasingly difficult for many students, may be deeply damaging to the identities and health of the vulnerable few, especially if they coincide with other problematic features of their lives. Our request, as articulated through the voices of the young people in our study, is for greater understanding of the ways in which formal education and schooling may be implicated in the production of disordered eating and ill‐health. Such understanding might better equip teachers and others to help young people, irrespective of their class and cultural background, avoid falling prey to conditions that may damage or even potentially destroy their young lives.
'Those Who Know Most': Insider Trading in 18th C. Amsterdam

This paper studies how private information is incorporated into prices, using a unique setting from the 18th century that, in many dimensions, is simpler and closer to stylized models of price discovery than modern-day markets. Specifically, the paper looks at a number of English securities that were traded in both London and Amsterdam. Relevant information about these securities originated in London and was sent to Amsterdam on board of official mail packet boats. Anecdotal evidence suggests that these ships carried both public news and private information. They sailed only twice a week, and in adverse weather could not sail at all. The paper exploits periods of exogenous market segmentation to identify the impact of private information. The evidence is consistent with a Kyle (1985) model in which informed agents trade strategically. Most importantly, the speed of information revelation in Amsterdam depended on how long insiders expected it would take for the private signal to become public. As a result of this strategic behavior, private information was only slowly revealed to the market as a whole. This price discovery was economically important: private signals had almost as much impact on prices as public information shocks.
Making the Best of a Bad Job? Female Part‐Timers’ Orientations and Attitudes to Work

This article uses data from 50 qualitative interviews with female part-time workers in low-level jobs in Britain to illustrate their attitudes, orientations and aspirations towards paid work. The research reports two main findings. Firstly, even female part-time workers at the bottom end of the occupational structure are not a homogeneous group of workers. Secondly, they are not all highly satisfied with their jobs. The article argues that many women (especially those in working-class households) still do not have a genuine choice between ‘family work’ and ‘market work’. It concludes by presenting a theoretical model of orientations to work.
Age differences in mental multiplication: evidence for peripheral but not central decrements.

This study reports two mental multiplication experiments that were designed to measure age differences in central and peripheral processes. Experiment 1 varied task type (verification vs production), and Experiment 2 varied exposure duration (presentation until response, 600 ms, and 300 ms) on a production task. Neither experiment showed evidence of age differences in central processes (e.g., retrieval speed); however, there was some evidence of a peripheral-process (e.g., encoding) decrement for older adults. Specifically, there were no Age X Problem Size interactions for either experiment. Experiment 2 revealed decreasing age differences as problem difficulty increased. Indeed, for the 300-ms exposure duration, there were no age differences in RT or error rate. These results suggest that the magnitude of age differences in central processing speed are significantly less extreme than are age differences for peripheral processing speed for this type of mental arithmetic task. Also, older adults, in general, may have a higher skill level for basic fact retrieval in mental arithmetic than do young adults.
Chin Bone Graft for Maxillary Alveolar Cleft: Indications and Limitations

Background Alveolar bone grafting (ABG) is an important step in the management of patients with cleft lip and palate. Choice of autogenous bone grafting is critical to achieve the goals of alveolar cleft bone grafting. This study was designed to determine which situations are suitable for obtaining bone from the chin in ABG. Materials and Methods In a retrospective study, the alveolar clefts that had been bone-grafted from the chin bone were selected from the archived files of the Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2004 to 2012. The patients were recalled and postoperative panoramic and lateral cephalometry views were obtained. Results Seventeen patients were included in this study, with 53% females and 70.5% unilateral maxillary alveolar clefts. The follow-up was from 2 to 6 years. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 17 ± 3.8 years. Conclusion Harvesting bone from the chin is easy and safe, with low morbidity. Considering the fact that the volume of the harvested bone is low, especially in the presence of unerupted mandibular canine, autogenous chin bone is recommended for late ABG, especially in unilateral cases when the plan is to close the gap in the arch orthodontically while there is no need for lateral piriform augmentation.