Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Green Synthesis of Mesquite-Gum-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Physicochemical Properties and Biocompatibility Assessment

Using cytotoxic reducing and stabilizing agents in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) limits their use in biomedical applications. One strategy to overcome this problem is using “green” synthesis methodologies using polysaccharides. In the present study, we propose a green methodology for synthetizing AuNPs with mesquite gum (MG) as a reducing agent and steric stabilizer in Gold(III) chloride trihydrate aqueous solutions to obtain biocompatible nanoparticles that can be used for biomedical applications. Through this method, AuNPs can be produced without using elevated temperatures or pressures. For synthetizing gold nanoparticles coated with mesquite gum (AuNPs@MG), Gold(III) chloride trihydrate was used as a precursor, and mesquite gum was used as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The AuNPs obtained were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The stability in biological media (phosphate buffer solution), cytotoxicity (MTT assay, hematoxylin, and eosin staining), and hemocompatibility (Hemolysis assay) were measured at different concentrations and exposure times. The results showed the successful synthesis of AuNPs@MG with sizes ranging from 3 to 30 nm and a zeta potential of −31 mV. The AuNPs@MG showed good colloidal stability in PBS (pH 7.4) for up to 24 h. Finally, cytotoxicity assays showed no changes in cell metabolism or cell morphology. These results suggest that these gold nanoparticles have potential biomedical applications because of their low cytotoxicity and hemotoxicity and improved stability at a physiological pH.
A Comparative Study on Deep Learning-Based Algorithms For Intruder Detection Systems and Cyber Security

For data protection, the most vital factors are the statistics' safety, use of cryptographic controls during data transmission, an effective access management system, and powerful tracking. This paper seeks to provide a committed evaluation of the very current studies works on using Deep studying strategies to remedy computer security demanding situations. In this study, we analyzed and reviewed using deep learning algorithms for the Intruder detection system and Cybersecurity programs. Deep learning consists of system-mastering strategies that permit the network to learn from unsupervised data and solve complicated problems. Deep learning approaches such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Auto Encoder (AE), Deep Belief Network (DBN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Generative Adversal Network (GAN), and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DIL) are used to categorize the papers referred. This paper discusses various challenges, issues, and types of cyber-attacks and security measures
A Comparative Analysis of Force Fields of Drug-Like Molecules: Omeprazole, Favipiravir and Amoxicillin by using Bonded and Non-Bonded Potential Distributions

This research aims to compare and analyze the force field parameters of drug-like compounds generated by the online servers CGenFF, SwissParam, and LigParGen. CHARMM27, OPLS-AA, and CHARMM36 force fields of amoxicillin, favipiravir, and omeprazole have been examined by bonded and non-bonded energy distributions of the potential function. The local terms of the force field function are bond length, bond angle, and dihedral potentials, while the non-local terms are van der Waals and pairwise electrostatic interactions. The parabolic curves of bond length potential appear to internally bend because of the larger values of force constants. The bond length and angle energies are lowest at reference values for each of the corresponding atom pairs in the molecules. The higher values of the bending force constant positively deflect the sinusoidal curve from the equilibrium position according to the dihedral angle energy distribution. The Lennard-Jones interaction exhibits the same repellent nature at closer ranges and the same attracting nature at farther ranges whereas a mildly differentiated interaction is seen at the intermediate state as a result of changing well-depth parameters. Depending on the size of the optimized partial charges, it is discovered in electrostatic interaction that the distributions of end-to-end lengths of identical atom pairs are more exponentially skewed from one another. The main cause of inconsistency in the results of MD simulations for the same protein-ligand system is due to the shifted topology and parameters.
Wind Energy Resources Assessment in Global Ocean

In this paper,wind energy resources in global ocean from January 1988 to December 2009 were analyzed by using high resolution CCMP(Cross-Calibrated,Multi-Platform) wind field.By synthetically considering the size of wind energy density,the frequency of energy level,scale frequency,effective wind speed and the stability of energy density,the resources of wind energy in global ocean were analyzed and zonation was conducted,providing guidance to wind power plant location.Results show that the global ocean is rich in wind energy,with rich areas located in the waters of westerlies of the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere,poor areas mainly distributed in the waters nearby the equator and scattered sectors of the two poles,and the sub-rich area located in the waters of low latitude,eastern sector of the low latitude in the Pacific Ocean,and most waters of the two poles.
Advances and Challenges in Bio-Inspired Cameras Based on Flexible and Stretchable Optoelectronic Devices

Cameras are a key element in machine vision, which are typically utilized in unmanned mobile devices. However, classical camera designs, which employ complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor image sensor arrays and multiple lenses, do not facilitate module miniaturization. Meanwhile, the structures and functions of biological eyes provide valuable insights for the development of future camera technologies, thus allowing miniaturized form factors and intriguing imaging characteristics to be realized. Here, we summarize recent advances in bio-inspired cameras based on flexible and stretchable optoelectronic devices. First, we present fabrication strategies of curved image sensor arrays using mechanical device designs and intrinsically deformable nanomaterials. Subsequently, we introduce two types of bio-inspired cameras, i.e., single-lens cameras and compound-eye cameras, with emphasis on their unique imaging characteristics and fundamental principles. Finally, we discuss the prospect of bio-inspired cameras, highlighting in-sensor processing strategies that can realize more efficient machine vision systems.
Intravenous Iron Therapy to Treat Anemia in Oncology: A Mapping Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Anemia is a common problem when patients present with cancer, and it can worsen during treatment. Anemia can directly impact the cognitive and physical quality of life and may impair fitness for oncological therapy. The most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency. Newer intravenous (IV) iron formulations offer a safe and rapidly effective treatment option. We performed a systematic mapping review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating intravenous iron therapy in patients with cancer and anemia and their outcomes. A total of 23 RCTs were identified. The median number of patients enrolled was 104 (IQR: 60–134). A total of 5 were focused on surgical outcomes (4 preoperative, 1 postoperative), and 15 were in adjuvant therapies for a variety of tumor types (breast, colorectal, lung, gynecological, myeloid, and lymphomas), 10 of which were in combination with erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) therapy, 2 in radiotherapy, and 1 in palliative care. Overall, the studies reported that the use of IV iron increased hemoglobin concentration and decreased transfusion rates during different cancer treatment regimes. IV iron can be administered safely throughout the cancer treatment pathway from primary surgery to the palliative setting. More studies are needed to demonstrate net clinical outcomes.
The Trend and Factors of Technology Adoption in Accounting

The modern world heavily relies on data collection, analysis, and asset creation, and as businesses continue to expand, the amount of data they generate increases as well. However, this data is only valuable when it is transformed into useful information that can be used by accountants to support their organizations. This practice is essential for companies to maintain a competitive advantage over their competitors in the market. The adoption of technology provides new opportunities and insights, leading to smarter business decisions, more efficient operations, and increased profits. However, technology has significantly impacted the role of accountants in recent years, which is a critical issue that requires their attention. With the rise of cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and machine learning, accountants have the potential to provide even greater value to their organizations by automating repetitive tasks, identifying trends and patterns in data, and offering predictive analytics to inform business strategy. Therefore, accountants must embrace these changes and leverage technology to their advantage to help their organizations stay competitive in the fast-paced business environment.
Comparative Analysis and Characterization of Ten Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Eremurus Species (Asphodelaceae)

Eremurus, a perennial rhizomatous mesophytic ornamental plant and one of the largest genera of the family Asphodelaceae, is distributed mainly in southwestern and central Asia. We sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes of ten species corresponding to all sections of the genus and analyzed their basic structure and evolutionary relationships. The cp genomes showed significant similarities in size, gene sequences, gene classes, and inverted repeat regions (IRs). The complete chloroplast genome of Eremurus has a typical tetrad structure, ranging in length from 153,782 bp (E. lactiflorus) to 155,482 bp (E. aitchisonii). The length of the large single-copy region (LSC) ranges from 84,005 bp (E. lactiflorus) to 84,711 bp (E. robustus), that of the small single-copy region (SSC) ranges from 16,727 bp (E. soogdianus) to 17,824 bp (E. suworowii), and that of the inverted repeat regions (IR) ranges from 26,484 bp (E. lactiflorus) to 26,597 bp (E. inderiensis and E. soogdianus). A total of 131 genes were detected, including 85 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 38 tRNA genes. In addition, we found seven common and eight unique SSRs in ten Eremurus species. Among the protein-coding genes, five highly variable genes (ycf1, rps15, rps16, and rpl36) with high Pi values were detected and showed potential as DNA barcodes for the genus. Three genes (rps19, ycf1, and ndhB) had positive Ka/Ks values. Codon usage patterns were very similar across species: 33 codons had relative synonymous codon usage values of more than one, of which three ended with G, and the remaining codons ended with A and U. Phylogenetic analyses using complete cp genomes and 81 protein-coding genes confirmed previous studies with the genus as well as subgenus Eremurus monophyletic and the subgenus Henningia paraphyletic.
Regulation of "Right Ankle Dorsiflexion" Motor Imagery on Brain Function of Spinal Cord Injury: A FOCA-Based Prospective Study.

BACKGROUND Motor dysfunction is the main functional disability after spinal cord injury (SCI), seriously affecting the life and work of patients. In addition to spinal cord damage, the brain undergoes structural and functional plastic changes. This study explored brain function remodeling in patients with SCI and the effect of right ankle dorsiflexion motor imagery task on brain function. METHODS This prospective study enrolled 11 patients with SCI and dyskinesia of the right lower limb and 12 healthy subjects at the General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA (January 2015 to December 2016). They underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in the resting state and the "right ankle dorsiflexion" motor imagery task state. Four-dimensional (spatiotemporal) concordance (FOCA) of local neuronal activity was used for fMRI image analysis. The differences between SCI patients and healthy subjects were compared using the two-sample t-test. RESULTS In the resting state, compared with healthy subjects, patients with SCI showed decreased FOCA in the left putamen, right caudate nucleus, and right superior occipital gyrus and increased FOCA in the left precentral gyrus. In the right ankle dorsiflexion motor imagery task state, FOCAs in the right inferior temporal gyrus and left inferior parietal lobule were decreased in patients with SCI. CONCLUSIONS After SCI, a series of changes in the structure and function of the brain occur. Research on brain plasticity after SCI might help explore the central mechanisms underlying functional recovery after treatments, providing more therapeutic strategies for SCI.
The Partial Elements Equivalent Circuit Method: The State of the Art

This year marks about half a century since the birth of the technique known as the partial element equivalent circuit modeling approach. This method was initially conceived to model the behavior of interconnect-type problems for computer-integrated circuits. An important industrial requirement was the computation of general inductances in integrated circuits and packages. Since then, the advances in methods and applications made it suitable for modeling a large class of electromagnetic problems, especially in the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)/signal and power integrity (SI/PI) areas. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of all aspects of the method, from its beginning to the present day, with special attention to the developments that have made it suitable for EMC/SI/PI problems.
FIB‑4 index and NAFLD fibrosis score are useful indicators for screening high‑risk groups of non‑viral hepatocellular carcinoma

Non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tends to appear in non-cirrhotic livers, rendering it difficult to screen for a high-risk group. The present study aimed to identify the most suitable indicator for screening high-risk groups of non-viral HCC. A total of 190 patients with non-viral HCC, including 126 with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), were enrolled in the present study. A total of two cut-off values, for low and high levels of fibrosis, were set for each of the indicators, including the Child-Pugh score (CPS; 6 and 7), platelet counts (15.8 and 10x104/µl), albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score (-2.60 and -2.27), fibrosis 4 index (FIB-4 index; 1.30 and 2.67) and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS; -1.455 and 0.675). The ratio of the number of patients who fell outside the cut-off value for all patients was defined as the overlooking rate. The overlooking rates of CPS, platelet counts, ALBI score, FIB-4 index and NFS for the low fibrosis cut-off value were 41.0, 48.9, 35.8, 4.2 and 5.8%, respectively. When performing analysis limited to the NAFLD cases, those of the FIB-4 index and NFS were 4.8 and 6.3%, respectively. Those for the high fibrosis cut-off value were 79.5, 73.2, 62.6, 30.0 and 37.4%, respectively. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that the cut-off values of ≥1.30 for the FIB-4 index or ≥-1.455 for the NFS may be used to screen high-risk groups of HCC among patients with non-viral hepatitis.
Thermospheric O/N2 Based on DE-1 FUV Dayglow Imaging Data

Work performed during the second half of Year 1 of the contract is summarized. The primary objective of the work is to derive global dayside thermospheric oxygen concentrations from DE-1 far ultraviolet imaging data which we are considering under both magnetically quiet and disturbed times. Work to date has been more qualitative in producing maps showing intensity variations beyond those that can be explained by changes in solar zenith angle (SZA) and look angle across an image (Craven et al., 1995; Meier et al., 1994; Gladstone, 1994). In meeting our primary objective, four tasks have been addressed during the reporting period: (1) Investigating the uniqueness of the relationship between the dayglow emission seen using DE-1's 123 filter (dominated by OI 130.4 nm emission) and the column abundance of O relative to N2 referenced to an N2 depth of 10(exp 17) cm(exp 2); (2) Completion of the algorithm for rapid conversion of DE-1 disk dayglow measurements to O/N2 values; (3) Applying the algorithm to a simulation in which a model DE image was constructed using TIGCM atmospheres. The retrieved image of O/N2 was compared to TIGCM O/N2 obtained by integrations of the TIGCM densities; and (4) Applying the algorithm to selected DE-1 data.
The role of innovative modeling and imaging techniques in improving outcomes in patients with LVAD

Heart failure remains a significant cause of mortality in the United States and around the world. While organ transplantation is acknowledged as the gold standard treatment for end stage heart failure, supply is limited, and many patients are treated with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). LVADs extend and improve patients' lives, but they are not without their own complications, particularly the hemocompatibility related adverse events (HRAE) including stroke, bleeding and pump thrombosis. Mainstream imaging techniques currently in use to assess appropriate device function and troubleshoot complications, such as echocardiography and cardiac computed tomography, provide some insight but do not provide a holistic understanding of pump induced flow alterations that leads to HRAEs. In contrast, there are technologies restricted to the benchtop—such as computational fluid dynamics and mock circulatory loops paired with methods like particle image velocimetry—that can assess flow metrics but have not been optimized for clinical care. In this review, we outline the potential role and current limitations of converging available technologies to produce novel imaging techniques, and the potential utility in evaluating hemodynamic flow to determine whether LVAD patients may be at higher risk of HRAEs. This addition to diagnostic and monitoring capabilities could improve prevention and treatment of LVAD-induced complications in heart failure patients.
Coupling Leaching-Bioremediation for Petroleum-Contaminated Soil

- Petroleum-contaminated soils are difficult to remediate due to a wide range of point/nonpoint sources of pollution and complex components. Here, the optimizations of the leaching process and process parameters were carried out based on the selection of conventional eluting agents and the development of oligomers, modified bio-based surfactants and synergists. Furthermore, a new and efficient leaching system was constructed. Moreover, based on the characteristics of the soil after leaching and its flora structure, the best degradation flora was selected and optimized. The proposed leaching-bioremediation coupling treatment process could make the petroleum hydrocarbon content of the contaminated soil less than 0.45%. The field validation was also conducted for petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil with a mass of 12 000 t. Finally, the economic and environmentally friendly remediation technology and process for oil-contaminated soil are established. This approach can provide technical support for the environmental protection of sudden oil pollution and other historical problems in oil areas.
An Improved Altimetry Wet Tropospheric Correction Retrieval Over Coastal Regions for the Sentinel-3 Mission

The wet tropospheric correction (WTC) retrieval over coastal regions is still nowadays a challenging task. The open-ocean retrieval algorithms, which rely on microwave radiometers (MWR) brightness temperatures (TBs) measurements, fail to provide accurate WTC values over these transition surfaces, due to the land contamination on the TBs. The retrieval errors rapidly increase with the approach of the satellite to the coastline. In this article, an improvement of the WTC retrieval over coastal regions for the Sentinel-3 mission is proposed, based on the dual-band MWR measurements, complemented with additional parameters to account for surface effects. Methods of modification of the MWR TBs and the synthetic aperture radar altimeter backscatter coefficient σ0, at Ku band, are presented, which aim to mitigate land contamination effects. On a first phase, these modified inputs are used in the open-ocean retrieval algorithm to compute the WTC. On a second phase, the same modified inputs are used in developed WTC retrieval algorithms specifically trained in coastal regions. The comparison against independent Global Navigation Satellite Systems derived WTC at coastal stations show that the use of coastal WTC retrieval algorithms with modified inputs is able to significantly reduce the retrieval errors over these regions, with rms values of 3.1 cm between 5 and 10 km from the coast and 3.3 cm up to 5 km from the coast. For the Sentinel-3 MWR-derived operational WTC retrieval algorithm, these values are 9.2 cm between 5 and 10 km from the coast and 16.2 cm up to 5 km from the coast.
Characterization of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation in the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans

Background Candida albicans is the most prevalent human fungal pathogen. In immunocompromised individuals, C. albicans can cause serious systemic disease, and patients infected with drug-resistant isolates have few treatment options. The ubiquitin-proteasome system has not been thoroughly characterized in C. albicans. Research from other organisms has shown ubiquitination is important for protein quality control and regulated protein degradation at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Methods Here we perform the first characterization, to our knowledge, of ERAD in a human fungal pathogen. We generated functional knockouts of C. albicans genes encoding three proteins predicted to play roles in ERAD, the ubiquitin ligases Hrd1 and Doa10 and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc7. We assessed the fitness of each mutant in the presence of proteotoxic stress, and we used quantitative tandem mass tag mass spectrometry to characterize proteomic alterations in yeast lacking each gene. Results Consistent with a role in protein quality control, yeast lacking proteins thought to contribute to ERAD displayed hypersensitivity to proteotoxic stress. Furthermore, each mutant displayed distinct proteomic profiles, revealing potential physiological ERAD substrates, co-factors, and compensatory stress response factors. Among candidate ERAD substrates are enzymes contributing to ergosterol synthesis, a known therapeutic vulnerability of C. albicans. Together, our results provide the first description of ERAD function in C. albicans, and, to our knowledge, any pathogenic fungus.
Predicting Postfire Sediment Yields of Small Steep Catchments Using Airborne Lidar Differencing

Predicting sediment yield from recently burned areas remains a challenge but is important for hazard and resource management as wildfire impacts increase. Here we use lidar‐based monitoring of two fires in southern California, USA to study the movement of sediment during pre‐rainfall periods and postfire periods of flooding and debris flows over multiple storm events. Using a data‐driven approach, we examine the relative importance of terrain, vegetation, burn severity, and rainfall amounts through time on sediment yield. We show that incipient fire‐activated dry sediment loading and pre‐fire colluvium were rapidly flushed out by debris flows and floods but continued erosion occurred later in the season from soil erosion and, in ∼9% of catchments, from shallow landslides. Based on these observations, we develop random forest regression models to predict dry ravel and incipient runoff‐driven sediment yield applicable to small steep headwater catchments in southern California.