Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Altered Cell Cycle Distribution, Hyperplasia, and Inhibited Differentiation in Arabidopsis Caused by the D-Type Cyclin CYCD3 Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.004838.

CYCD3;1 expression in Arabidopsis is associated with proliferating tissues such as meristems and developing leaves but not with differentiated tissues. Constitutive overexpression of CYCD3;1 increases CYCD3;1-associated kinase activity and reduces the proportion of cells in the G1-phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, CYCD3;1 overexpression leads to striking alterations in development. Leaf architecture in overexpressing plants is altered radically, with a failure to develop distinct spongy and palisade mesophyll layers. Associated with this, we observe hyperproliferation of leaf cells; in particular, the epidermis consists of large numbers of small, incompletely differentiated polygonal cells. Endoreduplication, a marker for differentiated cells that have exited from the mitotic cell cycle, is inhibited strongly in CYCD3;1-overexpressing plants. Transcript analysis reveals an activation of putative compensatory mechanisms upon CYCD3;1 overexpression or subsequent cell cycle activation. These results demonstrate that cell cycle exit in the G1-phase is required for normal cellular differentiation processes during plant development and suggest a critical role for CYCD3 in the switch from cell proliferation to the final stages of differentiation.
On the List and Bounded Distance Decodability of Reed-Solomon Codes

For an error-correcting code and a distance bound, the list decoding problem is to compute all the codewords within a given distance to a received message. The bounded distance decoding problem is to find one codeword if there is at least one codeword within the given distance, or to output the empty set if there is not. Obviously the bounded distance decoding problem is not as hard as the list decoding problem. For a Reed-Solomon code $[n,k]_q$, a simple counting argument shows that for any integer $0 0 $. We show that the discrete logarithm problem over ${\bf F}_{q^{h}}$ can be efficiently reduced by a randomized algorithm to the bounded distance decoding problem of the Reed-Solomon code $[q, g-h]_q$ with radius $q - g$. These results show that the decoding problems for the Reed-Solomon code are at least as hard as the discrete logarithm problem over certain finite fields. For the list decoding problem of Reed-Solomon codes, although the infeasible radius that we obtain is much larger than the radius, which is known to be feasible, it is the first nontrivial bound. Our result on the bounded distance decodability of Reed-Solomon codes is also the first of its kind. The main tools for obtaining these results are an interesting connection between the problem of list decoding of Reed-Solomon code, the problem of a discrete logarithm over finite fields, and a generalization of Katz’s theorem on representations of elements in an extension finite field by products of distinct linear factors.
Efficient Parametric Characterization of the Dynamic Performance of an RFID IC

In this letter, a measurement technique for a complete parametric characterization of the input impedance of an RFID IC is presented. The use of an SPDT switch to modulate the signal from the network analyzer provides the capability to measure the RFID IC activation level and its input impedance simultaneously. This data can then be used to fully predict the dynamic response and performance of an RFID tag.
Tissue Doppler imaging must be performed to detect early left ventricular dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

AIMS We sought to compare diastolic parameters in patients having type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls using both pulse-wave (PW) Doppler and relatively novel tissue-Doppler imaging (TDI) to evaluate the possible effect of diabetes on left ventricular dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred and thirty-two patients were evaluated (81 type 1 diabetic patients and 51 healthy volunteers). The detailed M-mode, two-dimensional, colour Doppler; PW Doppler; and TDI analyses were performed on resting subjects in a regular setting. Posterior wall thickness, left atrial indexed diameter, and A velocity were significantly higher in the diabetics when compared with control group (P = 0.019, <0.001, 0.033, respectively). Rest of the M-mode and PW Doppler parameters of diabetics were comparable with those of control subjects (P > 0.05 for all). However, both septal E' and lateral E' velocities were significantly lower in diabetics than in the control subjects on TDI echocardiographic examination (P < 0.001 and 0.011, respectively). In addition, E'/septal E' and E/lateral E' ratios were significantly higher in the diabetic group (P < 0.001 and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSION TDI is a more accurate and powerful method than PW or M-mode in determination of early cardiac involvement related to type 1 DM even in the subclinical phase as well as hereditary cardiomyopathies.
Application of TIR Imagery and Spectroscopy for the Extraction of Soil Textural Information at Fowlers Gap, Western New South Wales, Australia

Previous laboratory studies suggest that simple ASTER band ratios could predict soil texture, independent of mineralogy. In this study, ASTER and TIMS thermal image- and FTIR-derived soil particle indices were compared to field samples from Fowlers Gap in western New South Wales, Australia. Laboratory studies on field samples showed a similar relationship between texture and thermal band ratios however a mineral bias, or at least an association with quartz content, was observed. The spatial pixel resolution of the thermal imagery was also observed to be a significant issue within a heterogeneous landscape. However, three meter pixel resolution TIMS imagery appeared to provide qualitative soil and sediment textural related information using such band ratio methods at Fowlers Gap.
Planarité et Localité en Percolation

Cette these s'inscrit dans l'etude mathematique de la percolation, qui regroupe une famille de modeles presentant une transition de phase. Des avancees majeures au cours des quinze dernieres annees, notamment l'invention du SLE et la preuve de l'invariance conforme de la percolation de Bernoulli critique, nous permettent aujourd'hui d'avoir une image tres complete de la percolation de Bernoulli sur le reseau triangulaire. Cependant, de nombreuses questions demeurent ouvertes, et ont motive notre travail.La premiere d'entre elle est l'universalite de la percolation plane, qui affirme que les proprietes macroscopiques de la percolation plane critique ne devraient pas dependre du reseau sous-jacent a sa definition. Nous montrons, dans le cadre de la percolation Divide and Color, un resultat qui va dans le sens de cette universalite et identifions, dans ce contexte, des phenomenes macroscopiques independants du reseau microscopique. Une version plus faible d'universalite est donnee par la theorie de Russo-Seymour-Welsh (RSW), et sa validite est connue pour la percolation de Bernoulli (sans dependance) sur les reseaux plans suffisamment symetriques. Nous etudions de nouveaux arguments de type RSW pour des modeles de percolation avec dependance. La deuxieme question que nous avons abordee est celle de l'absence d'une composante connexe ouverte infinie au point critique, une question importante du point de vue physique, puisqu'elle traduit la continuite de la transition de phase. Dans deux travaux en collaboration avec Hugo Duminil-Copin et Vladas Sidoravicius, nous montrons que la transition de phase est continue pour la percolation de Bernoulli sur le graphe Z^2x{0,. ,k}, et pour la percolation FK sur le reseau carre avec parametre q inferieur ou egal a 4. Enfin, la derniere question qui nous a guides est la localite du point critique : la donnee des boules de grands rayons d'un graphe suffit-elle a identifier avec une bonne precision la valeur du point critique? Dans un travail en collaboration avec Sebastien Martineau, nous repondons de maniere affirmative a cette question dans le cadre des graphes de Cayley de groupes abeliens.
Xampling--Part I: Practice

A multicolor printing device that synthesizes a substitute color by mixing color materials to perform a printing operation with no interruption due to the reduction of the specific color material. The device judges whether the specific color material remains. If no black color material remains, the device judges whether the substitute color is to be produced. If the production of the substitute color is set, density information of the black color material is converted to density information of the three colors. Furthermore, if the residual quantity of the specific color material is below a predetermined value and if the production of the substitute color is set, density conversion of the color materials is likewise performed.
Developing computational thinking via the visual programming tool: lego education WeDo

This study seeks to extend the existing research on the use of visual programming tools to work and develop computational thinking. We show the primary education students' perceptions of the use of the software Lego Education WeDo in the subject of natural sciences to promote the computational thinking. We tried to test the following hypotheses: Students will learn to build and program 3D models with Lego Education WeDo (H1), students will think creatively to solve the problems (H2), Lego Education WeDo will help pupils to know the relationship between cause and effect (H3), and the tasks developed will allow pupils to reflect about the possibilities they have and to find the correct answer (H4). Based on the result analysis there were evidences of the effectiveness of the project to increase the participants' awareness of the computational thinking. The research also concluded that according to learners' perception, the way in which activities were designed provided them possibilities to learn to build models in 3D and program them. Moreover, the findings of the study also demonstrated that the success of the project also depended on the teacher's role as a guide in the teaching-learning process.
Understanding Music Track Popularity in a Social Network

Thousands of music tracks are uploaded to the Internet every day through websites and social networks that focus on music. While some content has been popular for decades, some tracks that have just been released have been ignored. What makes a music track popular? Can the duration of a music track’s popularity be explained and predicted? By analysing data on the performance of a music track on the ranking charts, coupled with the creation of machine-generated music semantics constructs and a variety of other track, artist and market descriptors, this research tests a model to assess how track popularity and duration on the charts are determined. The dataset has 78,000+ track ranking observations from a streaming music service. The importance of music semantics constructs (genre, mood, instrumental, theme) for a track, and other non-musical factors, such as artist reputation and social information, are assessed. These may influence the staying power of music tracks in online social networks. The results show it is possible to explain chart popularity duration and the weekly ranking of music tracks. This research emphasizes the power of data analytics for knowledge discovery and ex-planation that can be achieved with a combination of machine-based and econometrics-based approaches.
HSOG: a novel local descriptor based on histograms of second order gradients for object categorization

This paper presents a novel local image descriptor for object categorization that extracts the Histograms of the Second Order Gradients and is thereby named as HSOG. The HSOG descriptor is in contrast to the widely used ones in the literature, e.g. SIFT, DAISY, HOG, LBP, etc., which are based on the first order gradient information. The contributions of this work can be summarized as: (1) the design of HSOG; (2) the prove of its discriminative power and its complementation to the first order gradient based descriptors; (3) the analysis of performance variation caused by different parameter settings; and (4) the multi-scale extension which further improves the categorization accuracy. The experimental results achieved on the Caltech 101 and Caltech 256 databases clearly highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Syndecan-1 expressed in Schwann cells causes morphological transformation and cytoskeletal reorganization and associates with actin during cell spreading

To investigate the biological functions of transmembrane proteoglycans we have produced clonal cell lines of rat Schwann cells that express the hybrid proteoglycan syndecan-1. This was done by transfection of newborn rat Schwann cells with a plasmid vector bearing the rat syndecan-1 cDNA sequence under transcriptional control of the constitutively active cytomegalovirus promoter, and a neomycin resistance gene. Stably expressing cells were selected by growth in G418. Expression of syndecan-1 was verified by Northern and immunoblot analysis and immunoprecipitation of 35SO4-labeled proteoglycans. The syndecan-1 expressing cells exhibited significantly enhanced spreading on several different substrata, including fibronectin and laminin, and an altered morphology. The enhanced spreading appeared to result from the presence of syndecan-1, based on the observation that anti-syndecan- 1 antibodies inhibited the enhanced substratum spreading. There was also a reorganization of cytoskeletal structures and formation of focal adhesions, visualized by anti-vinculin staining, which were absent from control Schwann cells. There was no apparent stable association of cell surface syndecan-1 with focal contact sites, as determined by dual staining with anti-syndecan-1 and anti-vinculin antibodies. Colocalization of patches of cell surface syndecan-1 with actin was observed, but only during cell spreading. These findings provide evidence for a role of transmembrane proteoglycans in cellular morphogenesis, and suggest that transient association of syndecans with microfilaments may be an important aspect of their biological function.
Glucose Transporter-1 (GLUT1) Deficiency Syndrome: Diagnosis and Treatment in Late Childhood

Abstract Background Typical cases of glucose transporter-1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS) present with early-onset epilepsy. We report symptoms, diagnostic results, and effects of therapy in two patients diagnosed with GLUT1-DS at the age of 10 and 15 years, respectively. Patients Patient 1: After four cerebral seizures in the first 2 years of life the patient was seizure-free but showed a complex movement disorder, expressive speech disorder, and mental retardation. Ratio of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to blood glucose was 0.41 (reference range 0.65 ± 0.1), molecular genetic testing confirmed GLUT1 deficiency with the novel pathogenic mutation c.1377dupC (p.Phe460LeufsX3) in the SLC2A1 gene. Following 9 months of ketogenic diet started at the age of 10 years, there was distinct improvement of speech and movement disorder. Patient 2 showed pharmacorefractive epilepsy, mental retardation, and a mild movement disorder. At the age of 15 years, extensive intake of food with high fat content was observed. Ratio of CSF to blood glucose was 0.41 (reference range 0.65 ± 0.1). The pathogenic mutation c.634C>T (p.Arg212Cys) was found in the SLC2A1 gene. Conclusion Self-induced high-fat diet can be a hint toward GLUT1-DS. Ketogenic diet can be beneficial even when started in late childhood, although it may take several months to achieve a positive effect.
A row-action alternative to the EM algorithm for maximizing likelihood in emission tomography

The maximum likelihood (ML) approach to estimating the radioactive distribution in the body cross section has become very popular among researchers in emission computed tomography (ECT) since it has been shown to provide very good images compared to those produced with the conventional filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithm. The expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is an often-used iterative approach for maximizing the Poisson likelihood in ECT because of its attractive theoretical and practical properties. Its major disadvantage is that, due to its slow rate of convergence, a large amount of computation is often required to achieve an acceptable image. Here, the authors present a row-action maximum likelihood algorithm (RAMLA) as an alternative to the EM algorithm for maximizing the Poisson likelihood in ECT. The authors deduce the convergence properties of this algorithm and demonstrate by way of computer simulations that the early iterates of RAMLA increase the Poisson likelihood in ECT at an order of magnitude faster that the standard EM algorithm. Specifically, the authors show that, from the point of view of measuring total radionuclide uptake in simulated brain phantoms, iterations 1, 2, 3, and 4 of RAMLA perform at least as well as iterations 45, 60, 70, and 80, respectively, of EM. Moreover, the authors show that iterations 1, 2, 3, and 4 of RAMLA achieve comparable likelihood values as iterations 45, 60, 70, and 80, respectively, of EM. The authors also present a modified version of a recent fast ordered subsets EM (OS-EM) algorithm and show that RAMLA is a special case of this modified OS-EM. Furthermore, the authors show that their modification converges to a ML solution whereas the standard OS-EM does not.
Camurati-Engelmann disease. Genetics and clinical manifestations with a review of the literature.

This syndrome, which usually carries the names of Camurati and Engelmann, was first described by Cockayne in 1920. Its hereditary nature was suggested by Camurati (1922) who reported a father and son both with painful lower extremities which showed cortical thickening and sclerosis of the diaphyses on x-ray examination. The single case report of Engelmann in 1929 documented muscular wasting and marked bone involvement. Neuhauser et al (1948) subsequently named this rare condition 'progressive diaphyseal dysplasia' emphasizing the progression of the hyperostosis along the shafts of the bones. Subsequently, both sporadic and familial cases have been described. This report is the result of the authors' unusual opportunity to study extensively a large, cooperative family with 8 affected individuals in 3 generations, representing the largest affected kindred to date. Our observations in this family, together with those from the literature, demonstrate the considerable variability of this autosomal dominant inherited disorder. Clinical and genetic considerations are stressed here, and the radiological manifestations are discussed in greater detail elsewhere (Graham and Sparkes, 1972).
Persisting accommodative esotropia.

• This report examines the persistence of many cases of accommodative esotropia well beyond the expected time of resolution (age 10 to 12 years) and the potential usefulness of any associated clinical features to predict timely or delayed disappearance. In a series of 202 patients, there was no discrete age of improvement and more than half persisted after age 10 years. The results were similar for both high and normal accommodative convergence/accommodation ratio cases. Initial hyperopia did not predict persistence; subsequent increases prior to age 7 years, and decreases thereafter, were different statistically but were clinically similar. Moreover, the occurrence of inferior oblique overaction and of dissociated vertical deviation, as well as a family history of strabismus, did not predict persistence or delayed improvement.
World‐wide genetic differentiation of Eubalaena: questioning the number of right whale species

Few studies have examined systematic relationships of right whales (Eubalaena spp.) since the original species descriptions, even though they are one of the most endangered large whales. Little morphological evidence exists to support the current species designations for Eubalaena glacialis in the northern hemisphere and E. australis in the southern hemisphere. Differences in migratory behaviour or antitropical distribution between right whales in each hemisphere are considered a barrier to gene flow and maintain the current species distinctions and geographical populations. However, these distinctions between populations have remained controversial and no study has included an analysis of all right whales from the three major ocean basins. To address issues of genetic differentiation and relationships among right whales, we have compiled a database of mitochondrial DNA control region sequences from right whales representing populations in all three ocean basins that consist of: western North Atlantic E. glacialis, multiple geographically distributed populations of E. australis and the first molecular analysis of historical and recent samples of E. glacialis from the western and eastern North Pacific Ocean. Diagnostic characters, as well as phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses, support the possibility that three distinct maternal lineages exist in right whales, with North Pacific E. glacialis being more closely related to E. australis than to North Atlantic E. glacialis. Our genetic results provide unequivocal character support for the two usually recognized species and a third distinct genetic lineage in the North Pacific under the Phylogenetic Species Concept, as well as levels of genetic diversity among right whales world‐wide.
Exercise and its interactions with various aspects of man and animal lives

To review recently published papers in the Brazilian Scientific press on the general subject of physical exercise. All articles published in 2010/2011 found through the keyword exercise were collected from 11 Brazilian Journals. They were hand filtered to exclude all but original research papers. They were grouped according to subject categories and subcategories. A brief summary of all included articles was produced, comparing similar articles between them. The most commonly found interactions refer to exercise vs. the cardiovascular system, metabolism and the locomotor system, in this order. The volume of scientific research in the field is high and of sufficient quality to justify highlighting.
LTP in the mouse nucleus accumbens is developmentally regulated

Glutamatergic transmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) has been shown to be important for behavioral adaptations in response to drugs of abuse. NMDA‐receptor dependent long‐term potentiation (LTP) of glutamatergic synaptic transmission has been hypothesized to underlie many lasting alterations in behavior. Thus, we examined LTP in NAc core and find that it is developmentally regulated. Specifically, tetanus‐evoked, NMDA receptor‐dependent LTP is observed in the NAc of “adolescent” (3‐week‐old) mice more frequently than in adult (6–20‐week‐old) mice. In contrast, cAMP‐dependent enhancement of transmission is not developmentally regulated. Removal of extracellular Mg2+ restores LTP in adult NAc core, suggesting developmental regulation of induction processes rather than maintenance mechanisms. These findings are discussed in the context of behavioral changes elicited in response to drugs of abuse, which differ in adolescent vs. adult rodents and humans. Synapse 45:213–219, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.