Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
QoS-Aware Admission Control in Heterogeneous Datacenters

Large-scale datacenters (DCs) host tens of thousands of diverse applications each day. Apart from determining where to schedule workloads, the cluster manager should also decide when to constrain application admission to prevent system oversubscription. At the same time datacenter users care not only for fast execution time but for low waiting time (fast scheduling) as well. Recent work has addressed the first challenge in the presence of unknown workloads, but not the second one. We present ARQ, a multi-class admission control protocol that leverages Paragon, a heterogeneity and interference-aware DC scheduler. ARQ divides applications in classes based on the quality of resources they need and queues them separately. This improves utilization and system throughput, while maintaining per-application QoS. To enforce timely scheduling, ARQ diverges workloads to a queue of lower resource quality, if no suitable server becomes available within the time window specified by its QoS. In an oversubscribed scenario with 8,500 applications on 1,000 EC2 servers, ARQ bounds performance degradation to less than 10% for 99% of workloads, while significantly improving utilization.
BrainLiner: A Neuroinformatics Platform for Sharing Time-Aligned Brain-Behavior Data

Data-driven neuroscience aims to find statistical relationships between brain activity and task behavior from large-scale datasets. To facilitate high-throughput data processing and modeling, we created BrainLiner as a web platform for sharing time-aligned, brain-behavior data. Using an HDF5-based data format, BrainLiner treats brain activity and data related to behavior with the same salience, aligning both behavioral and brain activity data on a common time axis. This facilitates learning the relationship between behavior and brain activity. Using a common data file format also simplifies data processing and analyses. Properties describing data are unambiguously defined using a schema, allowing machine-readable definition of data. The BrainLiner platform allows users to upload and download data, as well as to explore and search for data from the web platform. A WebGL-based data explorer can visualize highly detailed neurophysiological data from within the web browser, and a data-driven search feature allows users to search for similar time windows of data. This increases transparency, and allows for visual inspection of neural coding. BrainLiner thus provides an essential set of tools for data sharing and data-driven modeling.
Hybrid Stabilization of Closed Orbits for a Class of Underactuated Mechanical Systems

—This paper presents a hybrid controller to stabilize a class of closed orbits for mechanical systems with degree of underactuation one. The controller has a hierarchical structure whereby at the low level, a smooth feedback enforces a virtual holonomic constraint in a family, while at the high level a supervisor selects from within the family the constraint to be enforced. To illustrate these ideas, the controller is first used to stabilize oscillations for the acrobot in a manner reminiscent of a child pumping energy on a swing, and then to induce an oscillatory motion in a brachiating robot so as to make its arms bridge the gap between two consecutive handholds.
Medication management assessment for older adults in the community.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to describe the Medication Management Instrument for Deficiencies in the Elderly (MedMaIDE) and to provide results of reliability and validity testing. DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were 50 older adults, aged 65 and older, who lived in the community, took at least one prescription medication, and were then self-medicating. Nonmedical study staff assessed participants in their homes at baseline and 1 week, and a study pharmacist conducted pill counts at baseline and 30 days. The MedMaIDE covers three domains important for ensuring medication compliance (knowledge of medications, how to take medications, and procurement) and yields a total deficiency score. We assessed test-retest and interrater reliability. We assessed validity by comparing the MedMaIDE deficiency scores to 30-day pill count compliance. RESULTS The sample was mostly female (72%) and White (56%), with a mean age of 78. Participants were taking an average of 7 prescription drugs, with an average pill count compliance of 70%. The MedMaIDE had very good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.93) and good interrater reliability (ICC = 0.74). Internal consistency was also strong (Cronbach's alpha = .71). Comparing the MedMaIDE to the pill count with those who were compliant (>80%) versus those that were not, the agreement was 75%. The MedMaIDE was more highly specific and predictive of compliance compared to the pill count. IMPLICATIONS The MedMaIDE appears to be a reliable and valid instrument for determining if an older adult has deficiencies in managing medications.
Edinburgh Research Explorer RNA interference restricts Rift Valley fever virus in multiple insect systems

The emerging bunyavirus Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is transmitted to humans and livestock by a large number of mosquito species. RNA interference (RNAi) has been characterized as an important innate immune defense mechanism used by mosquitoes to limit replication of positive-sense RNA ﬂaviviruses and toga-viruses; however, little is known about its role against negative-strand RNA viruses such as RVFV. We show that virus-speciﬁc small RNAs are produced in infected mosquito cells, in Drosophila melanogaster cells, and, most importantly, also in RVFV vector mosquitoes. By addressing the production of small RNAs in adult Aedes sp. and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, we showed the presence of virus-derived Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) not only in Aedes sp. but also in C. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, indicating that antiviral RNA interference in C. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes is similar to the described activities of RNAi in Aedes sp. mosquitoes. We also show that these have antiviral activity, since silencing of RNAi pathway effectors enhances viral replication. Moreover, our data suggest that RVFV does not encode a suppressor of RNAi. These ﬁndings point toward a signiﬁcant role of RNAi in the control of RVFV in mosquitoes. IMPORTANCE Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV; Phlebovirus , Bunyaviridae ) is an emerging zoonotic mosquito-borne pathogen of high relevance for human and animal health. Successful strategies of intervention in RVFV transmission by its mosquito vectors and the prevention of human and veterinary disease rely on a better understanding of the mechanisms that govern RVFV-vector interactions. Despite its medical importance, little is known about the factors that govern RVFV replication, dissemination, and transmission in the invertebrate host. Here we studied the role of the antiviral RNA interference immune pathways in the defense against RVFV in natural vector mosquitoes and mosquito cells and draw comparisons to the model insect Drosophila melanogaster . We found that RVFV infection induces both the exogenous small interfering RNA (siRNA) and piRNA pathways, which contribute to the control of viral replication in insects. Furthermore, we demonstrate the production of virus-derived piRNAs in Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. Understanding these pathways and the targets within them offers the potential of the development of novel RVFV control measures in vector-based strategies.
Comparison of torque characteristics in permanent magnet synchronous machine with conventional and herringbone rotor step skewing techniques

Torque characteristics, such as torque ripple and average torque, are of particular importance and primary concern during the design stage of permanent magnet synchronous machines for many high-performance applications. Thus, various design techniques have been developed and implemented to improve the torque characteristics in permanent magnet synchronous machines. The impacts of rotor step skewing techniques including both conventional and herringbone styles on the torque characteristics in permanent magnet synchronous machine are comprehensively investigated and compared by analytical approach, synthesized two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element analysis in this paper. The results have shown that both the conventional and herringbone rotor step skewing techniques can significantly reduce the torque ripple with a slight compromise on the average torque output. Despite the herringbone rotor step skewing technique is less effective than the conventional one on cogging torque reduction from three-dimensional finite element analysis, it actually can result in higher average torque with smaller torque pulsations in the proposed permanent magnet synchronous machine with load conditions. Finally, experiments on the prototype machines under open-circuit conditions are carried out to validate the estimated results and findings.
Comparative analysis of Sliding Window UCB and Discount Factor UCB in non-stationary environments: A Multi-Armed Bandit approach

The Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) problem is a well-studied topic within stationary environments, where the reward distributions remain consistent over time. Nevertheless, many real-world applications often fall within non-stationary contexts, where the rewards from each arm can evolve. In light of this, our research focuses on examining and contrasting the effectiveness of two leading algorithms tailored for these shifting environments: the Sliding Window Upper Confidence Bound (SW-UCB) and the Discount Factor UCB (DF-UCB). By harnessing both simulated and real-world datasets, our evaluation encompasses adaptability, computational efficiency, and the potential for regret minimization. Our findings reveal that the SW-UCB is adept at swiftly adjusting to sudden shifts, whereas the DF-UCB emerges as the more resource-efficient option amidst gradual transitions. Notably, when pitted against conventional UCB algorithms within non-stationary contexts, both contenders exhibit substantial advancements. Such insights bear significant relevance to fields like online advertising, healthcare, and finance, where the capacity to nimbly adapt to dynamic environments is paramount.
An automatic SWILC classification and extraction for the AntSDI under a Sensor Web environment

How to update spatial information in real time or near real time has become a bottleneck in the construction of the Antarctica Spatial Data Infrastructure (AntSDI). An automatic sensor processing workflow (SPW) approach consisting of sensor discovery and retrieval service; snow, water, ice, land and cloud (SWILC) Web processing service (WPS); and an SPW engine under the Sensor Web environment is used in this paper to generate live SWILC maps dynamically. A prototype consisting of a sensor processing model designer, a model instantiation service, and an SPW engine is presented. A scenario of an Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) Sensor Web data service for SWILC classification and feature extraction in Antarctica is used to test the feasibility of the proposed framework. The integration of SPW with Google Earth and updating of the spatial information for AntSDI using the Transactional Web Feature Service (WFS-T) are evaluated. The results show that the proposed approach is feasible for the update of spatial data in Antarctica.
Cutaneous Schwannomas in 22 Horses

Schwannomas are uncommonly recognized in horses. This study describes cutaneous schwannomas in 22 horses aged 8 to 25 years: 12 male, 7 female, and 3 of unknown sex. The horses had solitary cutaneous masses: 9 on the head, 3 on the neck, and the others on the shoulder, hip, thorax, abdomen, rump, extremities, or tail. The location of 1 tumor was unknown. The dermal tumors were well demarcated and expansile. Twelve had a multinodular pattern, whereas 10 formed a single nodule. Antoni A areas were observed in all tumors, and 10 tumors contained Antoni B areas. In Antoni A areas, the densely packed spindle-shaped neoplastic cells were arranged in short fascicles with nuclear palisading. In the hypocellular Antoni B areas, neoplastic cells were separated by abundant myxomatous stroma. Tumors commonly had hyalinization of stroma and vessel walls and ancient change. Cellular vacuolation was observed in 18 tumors. In all 22 cases, neoplastic cells were immunopositive for S100 protein. Expression of laminin and glial fibrillary acidic protein was observed in all 6 tumors evaluated by immunohistochemistry for these markers. One tumor was examined ultrastructurally: Neoplastic cells had branched cytoplasmic processes and were surrounded by an external lamina. Follow-up information was available 8 months to 10 years postexcision for 9 horses, for which surgical excision of the tumor was curative. The equine cutaneous schwannomas in this study had microscopic features like those of human schwannoma and had benign clinical behavior. Correct classification of equine cutaneous schwannoma will facilitate accurate prognosis and appropriate treatment.
THE DESIGN AND TESTING OF A WINGLET AIRFOIL FOR LOW-SPEED AIRCRAFT

The PSU 94-097 airfoil has been designed for use on winglets of high-performance sailplanes. The design problem is difficult because the airfoil must operate over a wide range of Reynolds numbers, and this range includes values that are relatively low. To validate the design tools, as well as the design itself, the airfoil was tested in the Penn State Low-Speed, Low-Turbulence Wind Tunnel from Reynolds numbers of 2.4 × 10 5 to 1.0 × 10 6 . In addition to transition-free measurements, potential drag reductions using artificial turbulators were explored, although the benefits were found to be limited for this application. Finally, performance predictions from two well-known computer codes are compared to the data obtained experimentally, and both are found to generate results that are in good agreement with the wind-tunnel measurements. Nomenclature CP pressure coefficient, (pl - p∞ )/q∞ L. lower surface R Reynolds number based on free-stream conditions and airfoil chord S. boundary-layer separation location, xS/c T. boundary-layer transition location, xT/c U. upper surface c airfoil chord cd profile-drag coefficient cl section lift coefficient cm section pitching-moment coefficient about the quarter-chord point p static pressure, Pa (lbf/ft 2
Wearable 12-Lead ECG Acquisition Using a Novel Deep Learning Approach from Frank or EASI Leads with Clinical Validation

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is crucial in assessing patient decisions. However, portable ECG devices capable of acquiring a complete 12-lead ECG are scarce. For the first time, a deep learning-based method is proposed to reconstruct the 12-lead ECG from Frank leads (VX, VY, and VZ) or EASI leads (VES, VAS, and VAI). The innovative ECG reconstruction network called M2Eformer is composed of a 2D-ECGblock and a ProbDecoder module. The 2D-ECGblock module adaptively segments EASI leads into multi-periods based on frequency energy, transforming the 1D time series into a 2D tensor representing within-cycle and between-cycle variations. The ProbDecoder module aims to extract Probsparse self-attention and achieve one-step output for the target leads. Experimental results from comparing recorded and reconstructed 12-lead ECG using Frank leads indicate that M2Eformer outperforms traditional ECG reconstruction methods on a public database. In this study, a self-constructed database (10 healthy individuals + 15 patients) was utilized for the clinical diagnostic validation of ECG reconstructed from EASI leads. Subsequently, both the ECG reconstructed using EASI and the recorded 12-lead ECG were subjected to a double-blind diagnostic experiment conducted by three cardiologists. The overall diagnostic consensus among three cardiology experts, reaching a rate of 96%, indicates the significant utility of EASI-reconstructed 12-lead ECG in facilitating the diagnosis of cardiac conditions.
Cortical and diencephalic lesions in Korsakoff's syndrome: a clinical and scan study

SYNOPSIS Twenty-five male alcoholic Korsakoff patients were compared with age and sex-matched non-Korsakoff chronic alcoholics and healthy volunteers on clinical and CT brain scan parameters. The scans were assessed by planimetry, visual grading procedures and computerized analysis. Reliable measures of third ventricular size were developed. The Korsakoff patients had wider third ventricles, larger lateral ventricles and wider interhemispheric fissures than the comparison groups; but sulcal and Sylvian fissure widths were equivalent in Korsakoff and non-Korsakoff alcoholics. The results suggest that, in addition to their well-established diencephalic lesions, many Korsakoff patients have sustained widespread cerebral damage. Shrinkage in the frontal brain regions appears to be especially pronounced. The implications for a dual aetiology of alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome involving thiamine deficiency and features associated with alcoholism, probably direct alcohol neurotoxicity, are discussed.
Soft lists: A native index structure for nor-flash-based embedded devices

Efficient data indexing is significant to embedded devices, because both CPU cycles and energy are very precious resources. Soft lists, a new index structure for embedded devices with NOR flash, are proposed. The challenge of data indexing over NOR flash is that data update and pointer update may recursively trigger each other. Our approach is to allow a bounded number of probes when a pointer is de-referenced. By this way update and garbage collection is largely simplified, because data can be moved around physical locations without invalidating any pointers. Even better, search with soft lists is very fast, because the probes provide opportunities of forward random skips. Soft lists are evaluated and compared against tree-based index, and soft lists are shown simple but efficient.
Local intimal-medial uptakes of 125I-albumin, 125I-LDL, and parenteral Evans blue dye protein complex along the aortas of normocholesterolemic minipigs as predictors of subsequent hypercholesterolemic atherogenesis.

This report describes the normalized intimal-medial uptakes [uptake (M, mg.cm-2) divided serum concentration (c0, mg.cm-3)] of 125I-albumin, 125I-low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and in vivo Evans blue dye (EBD)-albumin complex as functions of pressure (P), time (t), molecular species (i), and location (z) along a ventral longitudinal z axis of the normal, intact, aortic endothelial surface in adult normocholesterolemic Sinclair Research Farm (SRF) minipigs and compares these uptake (M/c0) measurements with atherogenesis in hypercholesterolemic cohorts. Uptakes of porcine serum 125I-albumin (n = 21) and 125I-LDL (n = 10) were measured in freshly excised, metabolically supported aortas using a recently developed organ-support system. In vivo intimal-medial EBD uptake vs z data were measured photometrically on opened descending aortas from another group (n = 6) of normocholesterolemic, adult, SRF minipigs 18 hours after the intravenous administration of EBD. For comparison purposes, the corresponding incidence of atherosclerotic lesions along the aortic z axis was calculated using topographic data from hypercholesterolemic minipig cohorts (n = 39). The results showed that uptakes varied greatly with t, z, and macromolecule (i) but not with P. More specifically, the value of M/c0 at any location (z) rose with t, was insensitive to P, decreased with macromolecular (i) size, and varied with z in a pattern that "peaked" in the upstream region, decreased to a nadir in the downstream region, and then rose again as it approached the abdominal celiac orifice. The spatially z-averaged uptake rates for the three different labeled serum proteins were 0.31 x 10(-3) cm.h-1 for 125I-albumin, 0.42 x 10(-3) cm.h-1 for EBD-albumin, and 0.04 x 10(-3) cm.h-1 for 125I-LDL. Nondimensionalized analysis of the individual sets of uptake data indicated that the overall uptake relationship [M(t,P,z,i)/c(io), cm] could be characterized empirically by the simple product of two separate functions: one, a "scaling function" [m(z,i)], that described the uptake magnitude for a given i and z and appeared to be independent of t or P; the other, a "shape function" [s(t,P)], that described the shapes of the uptake vs t and P relationships and appeared to be independent of z or i. The "scaling function" [m(z,i)] vs z contour appeared to correlate well with the corresponding atherosclerotic lesion incidence vs z contour from the group of hypercholesterolemic minipig cohorts. Assuming passive transport, it was shown ("Appendix") that m(z,i) can be interpreted physically in terms of an endothelial diffusive permeability coefficient (P,cm.s-1). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Tumour-Induced Osteomalacia—A Long Way to the Diagnosis Facilitated by [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT

Background: Tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome. Detecting the primary tumour in TIO is challenging using conventional imaging methods. This study assesses the efficacy of [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in identifying the primary tumour. Methods: Six patients with suspected TIO underwent [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. The patients’ clinical history and biochemical parameters were analysed. Results: [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT successfully identified primary tumours in four patients (femoral bones for two, iliac bone for one, subcutaneous tissue of pubic region for one). Tumour removal led to clinical and laboratory improvement. In one patient, PET/CT showed rib uptake, but the biopsy was negative. One patient showed no tumour lesions on PET/CT despite clinical evidence. Two patients had focal recurrence at the primary tumour site, detected by follow-up PET/CT. Conclusions: [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT is a valuable tool for detecting primary tumours in TIO, aiding in accurate diagnosis and guiding surgery, leading to improved outcomes. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in other paraneoplastic syndromes.
Spatial and Temporal Scales of Neuronal Correlation in Primary Visual Cortex

The spiking activity of cortical neurons is correlated. For instance, trial-to-trial fluctuations in response strength are shared between neurons, and spikes often occur synchronously. Understanding the properties and mechanisms that generate these forms of correlation is critical for determining their role in cortical processing. We therefore investigated the spatial extent and functional specificity of correlated spontaneous and evoked activity. Because feedforward, recurrent, and feedback pathways have distinct extents and specificity, we reasoned that these measurements could elucidate the contribution of each type of input. We recorded single unit activity with microelectrode arrays which allowed us to measure correlation in many hundreds of pairings, across a large range of spatial scales. Our data show that correlated evoked activity is generated by two mechanisms that link neurons with similar orientation preferences on different spatial scales: one with high temporal precision and a limited spatial extent (∼3 mm), and a second that gives rise to correlation on a slow time scale and extends as far as we were able to measure (10 mm). The former is consistent with common input provided by horizontal connections; the latter likely involves feedback from extrastriate cortex. Spontaneous activity was correlated over a similar spatial extent, but approximately twice as strongly as evoked activity. Visual stimuli thus caused a substantial decrease in correlation, particularly at response onset. These properties and the circuit mechanism they imply provide new constraints on the functional role that correlation may play in visual processing.