Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Range Forage Production Changes on a Water Spreader in Southeastern Montana.

of thesis submitted in partial fulflllment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, in the Sub-department of Range Management, University of Wyomig, Laramie, Wyomng, May, 1956. Some of the more important faetors affecting the intake of water are present and past vegetational cover, charaeteristics of the soil, and present management. The vegetation on rangelands and to some degree the. characteristics of a soil are! determined primarily by climate, but may he altered by livestock management. Infiltration studies were conducted using a mobile raindrop applicator, designed by the former Soil Conservation Service Research Division at Fort Worth, Texas, in 1949. These tests were conducted over a three year period on four experimental pastures (two pastures heavily utilized and two pastures lightly utilized) located in the Bighorn National Forest, in North Central Wyoming. The objective of the, study was to determine the infiltration rate on major grazing sites within the experimental pastures as influeneed by the degree of utilization and different types and quantities, of vegetation present. During the summer of 1954, water-intake studies were conducted on two soil types, namely: Owen Creek silt loam (sedimentary) and Burgess fine gravelly loam (granitic). Under light use the amount of vegetation present on both the granitic and sedimentary soil was almost identical, although vegetational composition differed. At the time of the te.st, the amount of standing vegetation present on the granitic soil under heavy utilization was 787 pounds or 36 pereent less than on the heavily used pastures on the sedimentary soil. This difference is statistically significant at the . 05 percent level. Within a soil type during the second 30-minute period of the one-hour test, the lightly used pasture had a statistically significant higher water-intake rate than did the heavily used pasture. There were no significant differences in water-intake rates between soil types. During the summers of 1953 and 1955 water intake studies were conducted on the Owen Creek silt loam soil on the heavily and lightly used pastures. When the amount of standing vegetation present at the time of testing was averaged for the two years (1953 and 1955) on the lightly and heavily used pastures, a difference of 1,106 pounds per acre was found in favor of the lightly used pastures. This was, a difference of 34 percent and is statistically significant at the . 05 pereent level. An average of water-intake rate for the two years (1953 and 1955) on the heavily used pastures on the sedimentary soils was 1.04 inches per hour, whereas that for the lightly used pastures was 1.41 inches per hour. A difference of 0.36 inches per hour more water-intake was noted for the lightly used pasture over the two year period. This difference was sta,tistically significant. -Frank Rauzi, Agricultural Research Service, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming. This content downloaded from 157.55. 39.127 on Sun, 26 Jun 2016 07:40:32 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor. org/terms
Quantifying and reducing leakage errors in the JPL RL05M GRACE mascon solution

Recent advances in processing data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) have led to a new generation of gravity solutions constrained within a Bayesian framework to remove correlated errors rather than relying on empirical filters. The JPL RL05M mascon solution is one such solution, solving for mass variations using spherical cap mass concentration elements (mascons), while relying on external information provided by near‐global geophysical models to constrain the solution. This new gravity solution is fundamentally different than the traditional spherical harmonic gravity solution, and as such, requires different care when postprocessing. Here we discuss two classes of postprocessing considerations for the JPL RL05M GRACE mascon solution: (1) reducing leakage errors across land/ocean boundaries, and (2) scaling the solutions to account for leakage errors introduced through parameterizing the gravity solution in terms of mascons. A Coastline Resolution Improvement (CRI) filter is developed to reduce leakage errors across coastlines. Synthetic simulations reveal a reduction in leakage errors of ∼50%, such that residual leakage errors are ∼1 cm equivalent water height (EWH) averaged globally. A set of gain factors is derived to reduce leakage errors for continental hydrology applications. The combined effect of the CRI filter coupled with application of the gain factors, is shown to reduce leakage errors when determining the mass balance of large (>160,000 km2) hydrological basins from 11% to 30% (0.6–1.5 mm EWH) averaged globally, with local improvements up to 38%–81% (9–19 mm EWH).
Determinants of Debt Financing: An Empirical Analysis of Non-Financial Listed Companies in Sri Lanka

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors which determine the level of debt financing over the equity financing of the non-financial companies in Sri Lanka. The study is conducted on a sample of 30 companies from non-finance companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE). The sample consists of 20 companies that are selected based on the highest market capitalization and 10 companies which have issued debentures in the market. The data are obtained from the annual reports of sample companies for the years 2015 to 2018 for this purpose. A panel data regression analysis is conducted to analyze whether the firm performance, age, size, agency cost of debt, tangibility, sales growth, liquidity, and tax shield have an impact on the debt financing decisions of the firm. The pecking order theory, agency theory, and trade-off theory are used to explain the impact of determinants on debt financing. The findings of the analysis show that the firm performance, size, liquidity, tangibility, sales growth, and agency cost of debt have generated an inverse association with the firm leverage. Age and non-debt tax shield positively correlated with leverage according to the analysis. Findings are in line with the hypotheses developed except for firm size, tangibility, and non-debt tax shield. The size of the firm and tangibility deviate from the hypotheses developed while the non-debt tax shield is found to be insignificant in influencing its decision to apply for financing. This research has provided the basis to explore the determinants of debt financing in the overall capital structure of Sri Lankan firms. The results are useful for the managers and the policymakers to have knowledge about the firm-specific determinants of debt financing, and it should help corporate managers to make optimal capital structure decisions. This study contributes to enhancing the existing literature by analyzing the impact of determinants of debt financing in listed non-financial companies in Sri Lanka.
Optimisation of Polyhydroxy Butyrate Production by Lysinibacillus fusiformis and Metabacillus indicus isolated from Spent Engine-oil Contaminated Soil

This study isolated bacteria from spent engine oil-contaminated soil and optimized their production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a biodegradable polymer belonging to the polyesters classes that are of interest as bioderived and biodegradable plastics. Out of 12 bacterial isolates (species of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Lactobacillus) recovered from the spent engine oil contaminated soils, and screened for their capacity to accumulate polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), only two bacterial isolates (Lysinibacillus fusiformis and Metabacillus indicus), showed significant PHB production. L. fusiformis produced PHB at a concentration of 1.5 g/L, while M. indicus produced PHB at a concentration of 1.0 g/L. Optimal production conditions included a temperature of 35°C, agitation speed of 100 rpm, neutral pH of 7.0, glucose as the carbon source, and peptone as the nitrogen source. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of PHB in the extracted samples, with hexadecanoic acid methyl ester identified as the predominant peak. These findings highlight the potential of bacteria from engine oil-contaminated soil as efficient PHB producers and contribute to the development of sustainable and biodegradable plastics.
Infrared and Raman spectra of lignin substructures: Coniferyl alcohol, abietin, and coniferyl aldehyde

Abstract Anatomical and chemical information can be linked by Raman imaging. Behind every pixel of the image is a Raman spectrum, which contains all the information as a molecular fingerprint. Yet to understand the spectra, the bands have to be assigned to components and their molecular structures. Although the lignin distribution is easily tracked in plant tissues, the assignment of the spectra is not good enough to allow in‐depth analysis of the composition. Assignments of three lignin model compounds were derived from polarization measurements and quantum‐chemical computations. Raman spectra of coniferyl alcohol crystals showed orientation dependence, which helped in band assignment. Abietin showed a Raman spectrum that was very similar to the spectrum of coniferyl alcohol, whereas its IR spectrum was very different due to bands of the sugar moiety. The Raman spectrum of coniferyl aldehyde is affected by the crystal order of molecules. All three compounds show much stronger band intensities than unconjugated single aromatic rings, indicating that the bulk of the lignin structure has significantly reduced contribution to Raman band intensities. Therefore, it is possible to highlight certain structures of lignin with Raman spectroscopy, because low amounts of a compound do not necessarily mean weak features in the spectrum.
Economic Growth — Climate Change Nexus in GCC States: A Panel ARDL Approach

The current study examines the relationship between economic growth and climate change in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations, with a particular emphasis on the effect of economic growth on regional carbon emissions. A Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is employed in the study to examine the short-run and long-run relationships between economic growth and climate change variables. According to the study's findings, there is a statistically significant relationship between the GDP growth dimension and several variables, such as carbon emissions, yearly average temperature, annual average precipitation, population density, and annual crude oil production. The study concludes that there is a need for GCC authorities to consider the environmental consequences of economic expansion and take actions to prevent the negative effects of climate change. The paper underlines the necessity of international cooperation in addressing climate change and promoting renewable energy in the GCC countries.
Mixed-Method Approach for Human Value Education in Inclusive Pre-Schools: Cultivating Peace to Mitigate Child Conflicts

This study evaluates the implementation development of the PNKT-BD (Integrated Human Values Education Based on a Culture of Peace) model in the inclusive preschool setting of TK Teratai UNM Makassar, employing a mixed-method approach blending qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. The objectives were to integrate human values education into preschool activities, assessing its effectiveness in fostering a peaceful and inclusive environment. The study commenced with a needs assessment, revealing a high demand among teachers and parents for the PNKT-BD model despite challenges such as limited learning facilities. The model's development involved creating educational tools and conducting trials to evaluate their effectiveness. The model's validity, reliability, and practicality were assessed quantitatively, showing positive outcomes. Teachers played a key role as facilitators, promoting peaceful attitudes and inclusivity, supported by appropriate facilities. The findings suggest the PNKT-BD model is a viable approach for integrating human values in early childhood education, with potential applicability in various regions. The research also found that implementing the PNKT-BD model markedly improved children's social skills and conflict-resolution abilities. It was also observed that there was a significant increase in the inclusiveness and empathy displayed by children, both towards their peers and in the overall classroom environment. However, the study's focus on a single institution and reliance on self-reported data indicate the need for further research in diverse settings. The study underscores the importance of teacher training and resource development for the model's broader adoption.
Family Medicine Resident Experience Toward Workplace-Based Assessment Form in Improving Clinical Teaching: An Exploratory Qualitative Study

Background Workplace-Based Assessment (WPBA) has been widely utilized for assessing performance in training sites for both formative and summative purposes. Currently, with the recently updated duration of the family medicine (FM) training program in Saudi Arabia from four years to three years, the possible impact of such a change on assessment would need to be investigated. This objective was to explore the experiences of FM residents regarding the usage of WPBA as an assessment tool for improving clinical teaching at King Abdulaziz Hospital (KAH), Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Methods The study involves an exploratory qualitative phenomenological approach targeting family medicine resident in KAH was used. Purposive sampling techniques were used. In this descriptive study, data was collected through the utilization of 1:1 semi-structured interviews guided by directive prompts. All recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. An inductive analytical approach was applied for thematic analysis of transcripts. Results Fifteen participants were individually interviewed until data saturation was reached. The themes that emerged were organized into the categories of underlying principles of WPBA, the impact of the learning environment, associated opportunities and challenges, and making WPBA more effective. Participants expressed that the orientation provided by the program was insufficient, although the core principles were clear to them. They valued the senior peers’ support and encouragement for the creation of a positive learning environment. However, time limit, workload, and a lack of optimum ideal implementation reduced the educational value and effectiveness of WPBA among senior residents. Conclusion The study examined residents’ experiences with WPBA and concluded that low levels of satisfaction were attributed to implementation-related problems. Improvements should be made primarily in two areas: better use of available resources and more systematic prior planning. Revision and assignment of the selection process were suggested, in addition to the implementation of the new curriculum. The research will assist stakeholders in selecting and carrying out evaluation techniques that will enhance residents’ abilities.
The Prediction and Error Correction of Physiological Sign During Exercise Using Bayesian Combined Predictor and Naive Bayesian Classifier

Physiological signs monitored by wearable devices can reflect human body burden and exercise intensity. Due to the risk, avoidance of excessive intensity of exercise, energy-saving requirement, and other factors, it is of great necessity to predict physiological sign values for the monitoring of the human body during exercise. Most available works have used a single model for prediction of physiological signs which has a bad performance with a greater prediction error. In this light, we formalize a multistep prediction scheme for physiological signs during exercise using the Bayesian combined predictor and propose an error correction mechanism to correct the accumulated error generated in the prediction process using a naive Bayesian model. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme using actual monitored data of several exercisers. The simulation results show that our scheme outperforms all available schemes on the performance of prediction error.
The influence of tai chi on the death anxiety of elderly people living alone: the chain mediating effect of social support and psychological capital

Background Population aging is a global trend, and the number of older adults living alone is increasing. Tai chi, a traditional Chinese exercise, has been shown to improve the physical and mental health of older adults. Aim To investigate the effects of tai chi on death anxiety in older adults living alone and the role of social support and psychological capital in this relationship. Method A cross-sectional study of 493 older adults living alone in four cities in southwestern China. Participants were assessed using questionnaires on tai chi practice, social support, psychological capital, and death anxiety. Results Tai chi practice significantly reduced death anxiety in older adults living alone. It also positively correlated with social support and psychological capital, both of which negatively correlated with death anxiety. Social support and psychological capital mediated the relationship between tai chi practice and death anxiety, suggesting that tai chi may reduce death anxiety through these factors. These findings encourage older adults living alone to practice tai chi, as it may improve their mental and physical health and reduce their risk of death anxiety. Conclusion Tai chi practice may reduce death anxiety in older adults living alone through the chain-mediated effects of social support and psychological capital. This suggests that tai chi may be a beneficial intervention for older adults living alone.
The Efficiency of Cactus Leaves and Wood Charcoal as a Potential Low-Cost Adsorbent for Removal of Toxic Heavy Metals from Industrial Effluents

Presence of toxic heavy metals in the environment is of great concern due to their persistence in nature and chronic adverse effects on human health and the environment. Present paper tries to evaluate the efficiency of cactus leaves ( Opuntia f. indica ) and activated carbon made from acacia etbiaca as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal pollutants such as cadmium, lead and chromium from water. Adsorption properties such as size, dose, initial concentration and time of contact for cadmium, lead and chromium were studied through batch method. Before removing the toxic heavy metals (Cd, Pb and Cr), the fresh unpeeled cactus leaves (adsorbent) and activated carbon were washed with distilled water to eliminate the turbidity and smell from fresh unpeeled cactus. To describe the equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Thus, the Freundlich model gave the best correlation with the experimental data. Therefore, the findings indicated that the cactus and activated carbon made locally from acacia etbiaca were found to be effective and low-cost alternative adsorbents for the removal of toxic heavy metals from industrial effluents. The preparation method allowed the use of these materials by local industries for effective remediation of pollution by removing heavy metals from their effluents. Keywords : Cactus leaves; Acacia etbiaca ; Heavy metals; Adsorption, Industrial effluents; Water purification.
The Effect of Business Partnerships, Product Diversification, and Market Competitiveness on MSME Business Performance in Jakarta

The present study examines the intricate dynamics between product diversification, business partnerships, and market competitiveness as they pertain to the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) in Jakarta. Employing a quantitative analysis approach, the study integrates Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) to scrutinize a sample of 150 MSMEs. The measurement model establishes the reliability and validity of the selected constructs, demonstrating robust factor loadings, high reliability, and satisfactory convergent validity. Discriminant validity analysis ensures the distinctiveness of the constructs, while model fit indices affirm the appropriateness of the Estimated Model in capturing observed data patterns. The structural model analysis reveals significant positive relationships between business partnerships, market competitiveness, and product diversification with MSME business performance. These findings hold valuable implications for policymakers, providing insights into the targeted interventions needed to bolster the MSME sector in Jakarta.
Temporary capture of a small body into a geocentric orbit

The radius of the Earths activity sphere relative to the Sun is more than 900,000 km. New asteroids whose orbits intersect this sphere have been discovered every year. It would appear reasonable that under certain conditions of an asteroids approach to the Earth, it can be captured into a geocentric orbit. Using the method for a numerical simulation of test point masses in the gravitational ﬁelds of the Sun and major planets, we determined some orbital elements of the asteroids, which are most likely to be temporarily captured into geocentric orbits. We came to the conclusion that semi-major axes of these orbits take values close to 0.97 au and 1.03 au. Hence, the heliocentric speed during rapproche-ment with the Earth should be close to 30.2 km s − 1 and 29.2 km s − 1 , respectively. We found that the most probable time for the existence of the asteroid in the Earth orbit is about 90-110 days; it can also be up to 180-200 days. But if an asteroid remains in the Earth orbit for more than 5 years, 34 of such celestial bodies collide with the Earth.
Unveiling the Role of Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Prognosis

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, necessitating innovative approaches for accurate risk assessment and prognosis. This review explores the evolving role of biomarkers in advancing cardiovascular risk evaluation and prognostication. Utilizing cardiac biomarkers that represent diverse pathophysiological pathways has the potential to enhance risk stratification for CVD. We delve into the intricate molecular signatures indicative of cardiovascular health, focusing on established biomarkers such as troponins, natriuretic peptides, and lipid profiles while also examining emerging candidates like microRNAs and inflammatory markers. This review provides a holistic perspective on the current landscape of cardiovascular biomarkers, offering insights into their applications in risk assessment and prognosis. In evaluating the risk and prognosis of heart failure (HF), the measurement of natriuretic peptides (B-type natriuretic peptide [BNP] or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]) or markers of myocardial injury (cardiac troponin I [TnI] or T [TnT]) has demonstrated utility. By elucidating the synergistic interplay between traditional markers and cutting-edge technologies, this work aims to guide future research endeavors and clinical practices, ultimately contributing to more effective strategies for risk assessment and prognosis of cardiovascular disease.