Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PARP10 Mediates Mono-ADP-Ribosylation of Aurora-A Regulating G2/M Transition of the Cell Cycle

Simple Summary Mono-ADP-ribosylating PARP enzymes are involved in the regulation of several cellular pathways, including cell cycle. The mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP10 is frequently amplified in different tumor types, and has been shown to promote in vitro cellular proliferation and in vivo tumoral growth. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of PARP10 in the regulation of G2/M transition. We found that PARP10 is involved in the mono-ADP-ribosylation of Aurora-A, an important mitotic kinase, during the G2/M transition. Moreover, PARP10-catalyzed modification enhances the kinase activity of Aurora-A. Consistently, the depletion of PARP10 affects the timely recruitment of Aurora-A on centrosomes and mitotic spindle, causing a delay in mitotic entry. Our discovery provides novel details in the cellular functions exerted by PARP10. Abstract Intracellular mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases (mono-ARTs) catalyze the covalent attachment of a single ADP-ribose molecule to protein substrates, thus regulating their functions. PARP10 is a soluble mono-ART involved in the modulation of intracellular signaling, metabolism and apoptosis. PARP10 also participates in the regulation of the G1- and S-phase of the cell cycle. However, the role of this enzyme in G2/M progression is not defined. In this study, we found that genetic ablation, protein depletion and pharmacological inhibition of PARP10 cause a delay in the G2/M transition of the cell cycle. Moreover, we found that the mitotic kinase Aurora-A, a previously identified PARP10 substrate, is actively mono-ADP-ribosylated (MARylated) during G2/M transition in a PARP10-dependent manner. Notably, we showed that PARP10-mediated MARylation of Aurora-A enhances the activity of the kinase in vitro. Consistent with an impairment in the endogenous activity of Aurora-A, cells lacking PARP10 show a decreased localization of the kinase on the centrosomes and mitotic spindle during G2/M progression. Taken together, our data provide the first evidence of a direct role played by PARP10 in the progression of G2 and mitosis, an event that is strictly correlated to the endogenous MARylation of Aurora-A, thus proposing a novel mechanism for the modulation of Aurora-A kinase activity.
Genome-Wide Characterization of Chrysanthemum indicum Nuclear Factor Y, Subunit C Gene Family Reveals the Roles of CiNF-YCs in Flowering Regulation

Nuclear Factor Y, Subunit C (NF-YC) transcription factors are conserved in most plants, and play essential roles in plant growth and development, especially in flowering regulation. Chrysanthemums are important commercial plants, and their market value is strongly impacted by flowering time. Until now, no details regarding the NF-YC family in the Chrysanthemum genus have been available. In this study, five NF-YC genes were cloned from Chrysanthemum indicum. Multiple alignments showed that CiNF-YCs had the highly conserved characteristic regions. Phylogenetic analyses identified a pair of paralogue NF-YC proteins in chrysanthemums. Gene structure and conserved motifs were also analyzed for functional understanding. According to the results of the expression experiments, CiNF-YC1 and CiNF-YC5 were mainly expressed in leaves or flowers, and their expression levels varied greatly from the seedling to flower bud differentiation stage. Arabidopsis overexpressing CiNF-YC1 and CiNF-YC3 showed significantly delayed flowering, accompanied by other morphological alterations. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that genes associated with photoperiod, vernalization, aging, and gibberellin pathways were downregulated in CiNF-YC1-OX lines, relative to the wild type, whereas in CiNF-YC3-OX lines, only SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (AtSVP), the key factor in the ambient temperature pathway, was upregulated. Taken together, these findings suggest that CiNF-YC1 and CiNF-YC3 negatively regulate flowering in Arabidopsis via different flowering pathways.
Coag-Frag duality for a class of stable Poisson-Kingman mixtures

Exchangeable sequences of random probability measures (partitions of mass) and their corresponding exchangeable bridges play an important role in a variety of areas in probability, statistics and related areas, including Bayesian statistics, physics, finance and machine learning. An area of theoretical as well as practical interest, is the study of coagulation and fragmentation operators on partitions of mass. In this regard, an interesting but formidable question is the identification of operators and distributional families on mass partitions that exhibit interesting duality relations. In this paper we identify duality relations for a large sub-class of mixed Poisson-Kingman models generated by a stable subordinator. Our results are natural generalizations of the duality relations developed in Pitman, Bertoin and Goldschmidt, and Dong, Goldschmidt and Martin for the two-parameter Poisson Dirichlet family. These results are deduced from results for corresponding bridges.
Hydrodynamical Scaling Laws for Astrophysical Jets

The idea of a unified model for all astrophysical jets has been considered for some time now. We present here some hydrodynamical scaling laws relevant for all type of astrophysical jets, analogous to those of Sams et al. (1996). We use Buckingham's Pi theorem of dimensional analysis to obtain a family of dimensional relations among the physical quantities associated with the jets.
Analysis of Primary Cilium Expression and Hedgehog Pathway Activation in Mesothelioma Throws Back Its Complex Biology

Simple Summary Primary cilium (PC) is a solitary organelle protruding from the cellular membrane of almost all mammalian cells. It transduces signals from external to intracellular compartments regulating many physiological pathways. Dysfunction in PC can lead to a number of pathologic conditions including cancer. Among the pathways transduced by PC, the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is the focus of recent clinical studies. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a cancer of the membranes covering the lungs with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Although Hh is known to be over-activated in MPM, it responds poorly to smoothened (SMO)/Hh inhibitors. We investigated for the first time the status of PC in MPM tissues, demonstrating intra- and inter-heterogeneity in its expression. We also correlated the presence of PC with activation of the Hh pathway, providing uncovered evidence of the co-existence of a PC-independent regulation of the Hh signaling in MPM. Abstract The primary cilium (PC) is a sensory organelle present on the cell surface, modulating the activity of many pathways. Dysfunctions in the PC lead to different pathologic conditions including cancer. Hedgehog signaling (Hh) is regulated by PC and the loss of its control has been observed in many cancers, including mesothelioma. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a fatal cancer of the pleural membranes with poor therapeutic options. Recently, overexpression of the Hh transcriptional activator GL1 has been demonstrated to be associated with poor overall survival (OS) in MPM. However, unlike other cancers, the response to G-protein-coupled receptor smoothened (SMO)/Hh inhibitors is poor, mainly attributable to the lack of markers for patient stratification. For all these reasons, and in particular for the role of PC in the regulation of Hh, we investigated for the first time the status of PC in MPM tissues, demonstrating intra- and inter-heterogeneity in its expression. We also correlated the presence of PC with the activation of the Hh pathway, providing uncovered evidence of a PC-independent regulation of the Hh signaling in MPM. Our study contributes to the understanding MPM heterogeneity, thus helping to identify patients who might benefit from Hh inhibitors.
Coannihilation without chemical equilibrium

Chemical equilibrium is a commonly made assumption in the freeze-out calculation of coannihilating dark matter. We explore the possible failure of this assumption and find a new conversion-driven freeze-out mechanism. Considering a representative simplified model inspired by supersymmetry with a neutralino- and sbottom-like particle we find regions in parameter space with very small couplings accommodating the measured relic density. In this region freeze-out takes place out of chemical equilibrium and dark matter self-annihilation is thoroughly inefficient. The relic density is governed primarily by the size of the conversion terms in the Boltzmann equations. Due to the small dark matter coupling the parameter region is immune to direct detection but predicts an interesting signature of disappearing tracks or displaced vertices at the LHC. Unlike freeze-in or superWIMP scenarios, conversion-driven freeze-out is not sensitive to the initial conditions at the end of reheating.
DDG-clustering: a novel technique for highly accurate results

A key to the success of any clustering algorithm is the similarity measure applied. The similarity among different instances is defined according to a particular criterion. State-of-the-art clustering techniques have used distance, density and gravity measures. Some have used a combination of two. Distance, Density and Gravity clustering algorithm “ DDGClustering ” is our novel clustering technique based on the integration of three different similarity measures. The basic principle is to combine distance, density and gravitational perspectives for clustering purpose. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed method is very efficient for data clustering with acceptable running time.
Mediating Role of Social Problem-Solving on the Relationship between Autistic Traits and Depression in a Non-Clinical Iranian Sample

Background: Research on the role of social problem-solving in the relationship between autistic traits and depression is still in its nascent stage and more detailed research is required. Methods: We aimed to investigate the mediating role of problem-solving in the relationship between autistic traits and depression. A sample of 376 university students were assessed on depression, problem-solving and autism-spectrum quotient in 2019 at Shahed University, Tehran, Iran. Results: Social problem-solving played the role of a partial mediator in the relationship between autistic traits and depression. Positive problem orientation and negative problem-solving style fully mediated the effects of autistic traits on depression. Conclusion: Since people with autistic traits have deficits in problem-solving strategies, they may be vulnerable to symptoms of depression. Increasing the ability of positive problem-solving and decreasing negative problem orientation may serve as a buffer against depression in people with autistic traits.
Bisindolylmaleimides New Ligands of CaM Protein

In the present study, we reported the interactions at the molecular level of a series of compounds called Bisindolylmaleimide, as potential inhibitors of the calmodulin protein. Bisindolylmaleimide compounds are drug prototypes derived from Staurosporine, an alkaloid with activity for cancer treatment. Bisindolylmaleimide compounds II, IV, VII, X, and XI, are proposed and reported as possible inhibitors of calmodulin protein for the first time. For the above, a biotechnological device was used (fluorescent biosensor hCaM M124C-mBBr) to directly determine binding parameters experimentally (Kd and stoichiometry) of these compounds, and molecular modeling tools (Docking, Molecular Dynamics, and Chemoinformatic Analysis) to carry out the theoretical studies and complement the experimental data. The results indicate that this compound binds to calmodulin with a Kd between 193–248 nM, an order of magnitude lower than most classic inhibitors. On the other hand, the theoretical studies support the experimental results, obtaining an acceptable correlation between the ΔGExperimental and ΔGTheoretical (r2 = 0.703) and providing us with complementary molecular details of the interaction between the calmodulin protein and the Bisindolylmaleimide series. Chemoinformatic analyzes bring certainty to Bisindolylmaleimide compounds to address clinical steps in drug development. Thus, these results make these compounds attractive to be considered as possible prototypes of new calmodulin protein inhibitors.
Applications of Borovkov's Renovation Theory to Non-Stationary Stochastic Recursive Sequences and Their Control

We investigate in this paper the stability of non-stationary stochastic processes, arising typically in applications of control. The setting is known as stochastic recursive sequences, which allows us to construct on one probability space stochastic processes that correspond to different initial states and even different control policies. It does not require any Markovian assumptions. A natural criterion for stability for such processes is that the influence of the initial state disappears after some finite time; in other words, starting from different initial states, the process will couple after some finite time to the same limiting (not necessarily stationary nor ergodic) stochastic process. We investigate this as well as other types of coupling, and present conditions for them to occur uniformly in some class of control policies. We then use the coupling results to establish new theoretical aspects in the theory of non-Markovian control.
The Relation between Escape and Scattering Times of Energetic Particles in a Turbulent Magnetized Plasma: Application to Solar Flares

A knowledge of the particle escape time from the acceleration regions of many space and astrophysical sources is of critical importance in the analysis of emission signatures produced by these particles and in the determination of the acceleration and transport mechanisms at work. This Letter addresses this general problem, in particular in solar flares, where in addition to scattering by turbulence, the magnetic field convergence from the acceleration region toward its boundaries also influences the particle escape. We test an (approximate) analytic relation between escape and scattering times, and the field convergence rate, based on the work of Malyshkin & Kulsrud, valid for both strong and weak diffusion limits and isotropic pitch-angle distributions of the injected particles, with a numerical model of particle transport. To this end, a kinetic Fokker–Planck transport model of particles is solved with a stochastic differential equation scheme, assuming different initial pitch-angle distributions. This approach enables further insights into the phase-space dynamics of the transport process, which would otherwise not be accessible. We find that in general the numerical results agree well with the analytic equation for the isotropic case; however, there are significant differences in the weak diffusion regime for non-isotopic cases, especially for distributions beamed along the magnetic field lines. The results are important in the interpretation of observations of energetic particles in solar flares and other similar space and astrophysical acceleration sites, and for the determination of acceleration-transport coefficients, commonly used in Fokker–Planck–type kinetic equations.
The effect of electronic human resource management on electronic human resource management macro-level consequences: the role of perception of organizational politics

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of perceived organizational politics on the relationship between electronic human resource management (e-HRM) use and e-HRM macro-level consequences.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a cross-sectional survey of HR professionals, line managers and information technology specialists. A purposive stratified sampling technique is employed. The analyses of data make use of regression and process macro in SPSS analysis.FindingsThe effect of e-HRM use on e-HRM macro-level consequences is partially mediated by perceived organizational politics.Practical implicationsOrganizations can invest in e-HRM use alongside other HR practices such as, emotional intelligence training, to reduce the negative effects of perceived organizational politics and in the process enhance employee attitudes and performance.Originality/valueThe study enriches the scope through which the interaction between e-HRM use and perceived organizational politics is viewed. The study was conducted in Zimbabwe, demonstrating that the indirect effect of e-HRM use on e-HRM macro-level consequences is not limited to developed economies.
Enhanced slip properties of lubricant-infused grooves

We ascertain the enhanced slip properties for a liquid flow over lubricant-infused unidirectional surfaces. This situation reflects many practical settings involving liquid flows past superhydrophobic grooves filled with gas, or past grooves infused with another, immiscible, liquid of smaller or equal viscosity, i.e. where the ratio of lubricant and liquid viscosities, $\mu \leq 1$. To maximize the slippage, we consider deep grooves aligned with the flow. The (normalized by a texture period $L$) effective slip length, $b_{\mathrm{eff}}$, is found as an expansion to first order in protrusion angle $\theta$ about a solution for a flat liquid-lubricant interface. Our results show a significant increase in $b_{\mathrm{eff}}$ with the area fraction of lubricant, $\phi$, and a strong decrease with $\mu$. By contrast, only little influence of $\theta$ on $b_{\mathrm{eff}}$ is observed. Convex meniscus slightly enhances, and concave - slightly reduces $b_{\mathrm{eff}}$ relative the case of a flat liquid-lubricant interface. The largest correction for $\theta$ is found when $\mu = 0$, it decreases with $\mu$, and disappears at $\mu = 1$. Finally, we show that lubricant-infused surfaces of small $\theta$ can be modeled as flat with patterns of local slip boundary conditions, and that the (scaled with $L$) local slip length at the liquid-lubricant interface is an universal function of $\phi$ and $\mu$ only.
Comparison of Gaia and asteroseismic distances

Asteroseismology provides fundamental properties (mass, radius and effective temperature) of solar-like oscillating stars using so-called scaling relations. These properties allow the computation of the asteroseismic distance of stars. We compare the asteroseismic distances with the recently released Gaia distances for 74 stars studied in Y{\i}ld{\i}z et al. There is a very good agreement between these two distances; for 64 of these stars, the difference is less than 10 per cent. However, a systematic difference is seen if we use the effective temperature obtained by spectroscopic methods; the Gaia distances are about 5 per cent greater than the asteroseismic distances.
A momentum-conserving, consistent, Volume-of-Fluid method for incompressible flow on staggered grids.

The computation of flows with large density contrasts is notoriously difficult. To alleviate the difficulty we consider a consistent mass and momentum-conserving discretization of the Navier-Stokes equation. Incompressible flow with capillary forces is modelled and the discretization is performed on a staggered grid of Marker and Cell type. The Volume-of-Fluid method is used to track the interface and a Height-Function method is used to compute surface tension. The advection of the volume fraction is performed using either the Lagrangian-Explicit / CIAM (Calcul d'Interface Affine par Morceaux) method or the Weymouth and Yue (WY) Eulerian-Implicit method. The WY method conserves fluid mass to machine accuracy provided incompressiblity is satisfied which leads to a method that is both momentum and mass-conserving. To improve the stability of these methods momentum fluxes are advected in a manner "consistent" with the volume-fraction fluxes, that is a discontinuity of the momentum is advected at the same speed as a discontinuity of the density. To find the density on the staggered cells on which the velocity is centered, an auxiliary reconstruction of the density is performed. The method is tested for a droplet without surface tension in uniform flow, for a droplet suddenly accelerated in a carrying gas at rest at very large density ratio without viscosity or surface tension, for the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, for a falling raindrop and for an atomizing flow in air-water conditions.
Self-organized synthesis of patterned magnetic nanostructures with in-plane and perpendicular to the plane magnetization

Patterned arrays of ferromagnetic nanoparticles of Co, Ni, and Fe_{\text{50}} Co_{\text{50}} have been synthesized from their ultrathin metal films on SiO_{\text{2}} substrate by nanosecond laser-induced self-organization. The morphology, nanostructure, and magnetic behavior of the nanoparticle arrays were investigated by a combination of electron, atomic force, and magnetic force microscopy techniques. Transmission electron microscopy investigations revealed a granular polycrystalline nanostructure, with the number of grains inside the nanoparticle increasing with their diameter. Magnetic force measurements showed that the magnetization direction of the Co and Ni nanoparticles was predominantly out-of-plane while those for the Fe_{\text{50}}Co_{\text{50}} alloy was in the plane of the substrate. This difference in behavior is due to the dominating influence of magnetostrictive energy on the magnetization as a result of residual thermal strain following fast laser processing. Since the magnetostriction coefficient is negative for polycrystalline Co and Ni, and positive for Fe_{\text{50}}Co_{\text{50}}, the tensile residual strain forces the magnetization direction of the negative magnetostriction materials out-of-plane and the positive magnetostriction materials in-plane. This demonstrates a cost-effective non-epitaxial technique for the fabrication of patterned arrays of magnetic nanoparticles with tailored magnetization orientations.
Inactivation and Degradation of Influenza A Virus on the Surface of Photoactive Self-Cleaning Cotton Fabric Functionalized with Nanocrystalline TiO2

Chemical modification of cotton-rich fabrics with TiO2 nanoparticles results in photoactive self-cleaning textiles, which can provide, under UV or solar radiation, complete oxidation of low-molecular compounds, degradation of supramolecular structures, and inactivation of microorganisms due to the photocatalytic effect. In this paper, we describe, based on the example of influenza A (H1N1) virus, a photoinduced antiviral effect of cotton fabric functionalized with nanocrystalline TiO2. Fast inactivation of influenza virus occurs on the irradiated surface of photoactive fabric due to adsorption and photocatalytic degradation. The TiO2 component in the prepared fabric increases the adsorption effect compared to initial cotton due to a high specific area of TiO2 nanocrystallites. Long-term irradiation leads to destruction of all virion structures to the point of RNA molecules. In contrast to pristine cotton, no virus RNA is detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique after long-term irradiation of photoactive fabric. The results of this study underline the potential of photoactive self-cleaning fabrics for application in air purification systems and personal protective clothes to provide permanent protection of people against harmful chemical and biological pollutants.