Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spacecraft Trajectory Optimization Suite (STOpS): Optimization of Multiple Gravity Assist Spacecraft Trajectories Using Modern Optimization Techniques

In trajectory optimization, a common objective is to minimize propellant mass via multiple gravity assist maneuvers (MGAs). Some computer programs have been developed to analyze MGA trajectories. One of these programs, Parallel Global Multiobjective Optimization (PaGMO), uses an interesting technique known as the Island Model Paradigm. This work provides the community with a MATLAB optimizer, STOpS, that utilizes this same Island Model Paradigm with five different optimization algorithms. STOpS allows optimization of a weighted combination of many parameters. This work contains a study on optimization algorithm performance and how each algorithm is affected by its available settings. STOpS successfully found optimal trajectories for the Mariner 10 mission and the Voyager 2 mission that were similar to the actual missions flown. STOpS did not necessarily find better trajectories than those actually flown, but instead demonstrated the capability to quickly and successfully analyze/plan trajectories. The analysis for each of these missions took 2-3 days each. The final program is a robust tool that has taken existing techniques and applied them to the specific problem of trajectory optimization, so it can repeatedly and reliably solve these types of problems. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Kira Abercromby for her continued support and guidance through this whole process. This work would not have been possible without her advice and patient assistance. I never would have been able to narrow my topic down without first drawing that line in the sand. I would also like to thank Dr. Rob McDonald for his optimization advice and tutorage over the past year and a half, Dr. Eric Mehiel for his patience with me, and Dr. Gerald Shaw for his continual guidance, support, and encouragement over the past two years. I would like to thank my parents and my sister for their continued support, encouragement, and forgiveness for my sporadic lapses of communication. Lastly, I would like to thank my " AERO Grad Roomies " Michelle Haddock, Michael Strange, and Chris Barlog for helping make my graduate experience as enjoyable as it was, and also for putting up with my constant updates of " how awesome my GUI is " .
The genome sequence of the Diamond-back Marble, Eudemis profundana (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Eudemis profundana (the Diamond-back Marble; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Tortricidae). The genome sequence is 691.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 28 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.5 kilobases in length.
Researches on Modified Raw-Soil Materials Constitutive Relation Subject to Uniaxial Compression

Researching constitutive relation of raw-soil materials is not noly an important method to analyze its seismic performance and collapse mechanism,but also the premise of numerical simulation.The optimum additives(coarse and straw) was confirmed by strength test.Three groups of samples,namely the raw-soil cubics,coarse-cubics and straw-cubics,were tested by uniaxial compression,then,the stress——strain curves was fitted by the rational function and the constitutive equation given by Code for design of concrete structures.Uniaxial constitutive equations of the modified raw-soil materials was proposed.
Digtal Watermarking Based on the Error Correcting Coding

A novel digital watermarking scheme is proposed instead of the traditional watermarking. The binary watermark image is processed by error-correcting coding before it is embedded into the discrete wavelet-transformed host image. It is more effective to improve the security and robustness of the watermarked image by proposed scheme. Amount tests and results indicate that the proposed scheme have security and robustness against noise and commonly image processing methods such as Gaussian's noise, filtering, JPEG compression, and crop procession etc.
Endoscopic Excision of Primary Tracheal Schwannoma: A Case Report

Patient: Male, 37-year-old Final Diagnosis: Primary tracheal schwannoma Symptoms: Shortness of breath • wheezy chest Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Otolaryngology Objective: Rare disease Background: Primary tracheal schwannoma is a rare neurogenic tumor. Early stage presents with nonspecific symptoms, and asthma is sometimes misdiagnosed. However, as the tumor grows, it presents with obstructive symptoms of the tracheal lumen. This tumor has been managed by open resection surgery until recently, when endoscopic excision became an option. The endoscopic excision reduces complications, operative time, and postoperative recovery period and is indicated in nonrecurrent surgical cases in which tumors are up to 2 cm in size, are pedunculated, and have no extratracheal extension, or in cases of poor cardiopulmonary status. We present a rare case of primary tracheal schwannoma managed by endoscopic excision. Case Report: A 37-year-old man was referred to our clinic with progressive shortness of breath and wheezing that started 3 months prior to presentation. Computed tomography showed a well-defined rounded, solid intraluminal tracheal mass at the proximal segment (at the level of the thoracic inlet). There was no extratracheal extension or enlarged cervical lymph nodes. The patient underwent endoscopic excision of the mass. A sickle knife, micro scissor, and suction diathermy were used for incision, stripping, and hemostasis done through the tumor pedicle. The first postoperative visit after 2 weeks showed subjective symptom improvement, and the flexible bronchoscope showed a completely healed surgical site with patent airway. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of primary tracheal schwannoma. Conclusions: Primary tracheal schwannoma is rare. An endoscopic excision is an excellent option, but patients need to be appropriately selected and followed up to avoid recurrence.
Using video-elicitation focus group interviews to explore pre-service science teachers’ views and reasoning on artificial intelligence

ABSTRACT Using video-elicitation focus group interviews, this study aims to reveal pre-service science teachers’ perspectives and reasoning on artificial intelligence as a socioscientific issues-based scenario. Hence, it illustrates the ways the video data were used in the focus group elicitation interviews to understand their interpretations of how their beliefs align with a hypothetical future scenario around artificial intelligence. To demonstrate the phenomenon in depth, a case study design was used. The participants of the study involved 45 third and fourth-year undergraduate students enrolled in a science teacher education programme. For this study, the researcher conducted six open-ended, unstructured video-elicitation focus group interviews. The data was analysed using Dey’s (1993. Qualitative data analysis: A user-friendly guide for social scientists. Routledge) qualitative analysis steps of description, qualification, and association. The findings indicated that the participants’ views and reasoning vary in the context of artificial intelligence technologies. The fictional scenario depicted in the video-elicitation interviews both helped and challenged them to share their perspectives on the issue. Moreover, several aspects of SSI were thoroughly discussed during the interviews.
Boosted Gaze Gesture Recognition Using Underlying Head Orientation Sequence

People find it challenging to control smart systems with complex gaze gestures due to the vulnerability of eye saccades. Instead, the existing works achieved good recognition accuracy of simple gaze gestures because of sufficient eye gaze points but simple gaze gestures have limited applications compared to complex gaze gestures. Complex gaze gestures need a composition of multiple subunits of eye fixation to contain a sequence of gaze points that are clustered and rotated with an underlying complex head orientation relationship. This paper proposes a new set of eye gaze points and head orientation angles as new sequences to recognize complex gaze gestures. Eye gaze points and head orientation angles powerfully influence gaze gesture formation. The new sequence was obtained by aligning clustered gaze points and head orientation angles with a simple moving average (SMA) to denoise and interpolate the gap between successive eye fixations. The aligned new sequence of complex gaze gestures was utilized to train sequential machine learning (ML) algorithms. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we recruited and recorded the eye gaze and head orientation features of ten participants using an eye tracker. The results show that Boosted Hidden Markov Models (HMM) using Random Subspace methods achieved the best accuracies of 94.72% and 98.1% for complex, and simple gestures respectively, which outperformed the conventional methods.
Design and Characterization of a Novel Near Field Detector for Three Dimensional X-ray Diffraction

Design and Characterization of a Novel Near Field Detector for Three Dimensional X-ray Diffraction Scott Annett University of Guelph 2015 Advisors: Professor Stefan W. Kycia Three dimensional x-ray diffraction microscopy (3DXRD) is a powerful technique that provides crystallographic and spatial information of a large number of grains in a sample simultaneously. A key component of a 3DXRD experiment is the near field detector which provides high resolution spatial information. A novel design for a near field detector was developed and characterized. This design, called the Quad Near Field Detector, utilizes four quadrants, each with a dedicated scintillating phosphor and optical microscope. A novel translation stage for focusing the microscopes was developed, tested, and implemented. The near field detector was calibrated and characterized at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source. A flood field correction was developed for the detector to correct for variations in intensity response. The smallest diffraction spot resolved by the detector was 5.2 μm FWHM. A ruby single crystal standard was used to refine the parameters of the near field detector. Diffraction data of all four quadrants was able to reproduce the crystal orientation of the ruby calibrant. In conclusion, the design and implementation of the Quad Near Field Detector was a success and will be a useful tool for future 3DXRD experiments.
Long Noncoding RNA and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a multistep process that allows epithelial cells to acquire mesenchymal properties. Fundamental in the early stages of embryonic development, this process is aberrantly activated in aggressive cancerous cells to gain motility and invasion capacity, thus promoting metastatic phenotypes. For this reason, EMT is a central topic in cancer research and its regulation by a plethora of mechanisms has been reported. Recently, genomic sequencing and functional genomic studies deepened our knowledge on the fundamental regulatory role of noncoding DNA. A large part of the genome is transcribed in an impressive number of noncoding RNAs. Among these, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to control several biological processes affecting gene expression at multiple levels from transcription to protein localization and stability. Up to now, more than 8000 lncRNAs were discovered as selectively expressed in cancer cells. Their elevated number and high expression specificity candidate these molecules as a valuable source of biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Rising evidence currently highlights a relevant function of lncRNAs on EMT regulation defining a new layer of involvement of these molecules in cancer biology. In this review we aim to summarize the findings on the role of lncRNAs on EMT regulation and to discuss their prospective potential value as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.
Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial Activity And Molecular Docking Studies Of Novel Nitrogen Based Indole-2-One Schiff’s Bases

Series of some novel nitrogen based Indole-2-one Schiff’s bases (4a-4j) were synthesized by a conventional method via Schiff’s bases mechanism. The Istain Schiff’s bases was made by combining substituted isatin with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol to generate a compounds 3a-3d, which was then reacted with terephthaldehyde and 5-amino pyrimidine to obtained final compounds. All the synthesized compounds gave a good yield between 76-88% and structure was confirmed by FT-IR, LC-MASS and 1H-NMR spectral analysis. The novel nitrogen based Indole-2-one Schiff’s bases are screened for antimicrobial activity using standard agar diffusion method and using four bacterial stains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella paratyphi). The most of the compounds such as 4a, 4d, 4e, 4h and 4j shows good activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Finally, molecular docking studies were carried out by using AUTODOCK suite of MGL Tools by using Fgb1 receptor with PDB ID (3K4P). Among the docked ligands, compound 4a, 4d and 4h reported highest docking score (-9.8, -9.7 and -9.7).
Toward Practical Planar Graph Algorithms

of “ Toward Practical Planar Graph Algorithms ” by David Elliot Eisenstat, Ph.D., Brown University, May 2014 Many optimization problems involving graphs naturally feature road networks, grids, or other large planar graphs. By exploiting the special structure of planar graphs, it is often possible to design algorithms that are faster or give better results than their counterparts for general graphs. We present an efficient polynomial-time approximation scheme for the Steiner forest problem in planar graphs, a bicriteria polynomial-time approximation scheme for the ball cover problem in planar graphs, a linear-time algorithm for multiple-source shortest paths problem (MSSP) in planar graphs with integer weights that are small on average, and algorithms that use MSSP to compute closeness and betweenness centrality in planar graphs. We report on our implementation of the latter. Toward Practical Planar Graph Algorithms by David Elliot Eisenstat BS, University of Rochester; Rochester, NY, 2006 BA, University of Rochester; Rochester, NY, 2006 ScM, Brown University; Providence, RI, 2011 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Computer Science at Brown University PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND
Nonlinear ultrasonic analysis inspired by phase-based motion magnification

Nonlinear ultrasonic modulation is favored for early-stage fatigue crack detection by inspecting the modulation components at the sum and difference of two distinct input frequencies. However, it is difficult to extract the modulation components using a conventional spectral density function considering the modulation components can be easily buried under noisy environments. In this study, we proposed a new nonlinear ultrasonic analysis method inspired by phase-based motion magnification. First, a one-dimensional time-domain ultrasonic signal is filtered to remove the large motions of the primary linear response components. Then, the filtered signal is used to construct a two-dimensional video and the phase-based motion magnification algorithm is applied to enhance the movements at the predetermined modulation frequencies inside the video. This step is achieved by phase denoising and phase magnification, which supports large magnification factors and is significantly insensitive to noise. Finally, an amplified one-dimensional signal is extracted from the two-dimensional video and can be used for further nonlinear ultrasonic analysis. The proposed method was successfully validated with a group of synthetic data at different noise levels. Additionally, we have also successfully applied the proposed method for fatigue crack detection in a steel padeye.
Effects of Different Donor Ages on the Growth of Cutting Seedlings Propagated from Ancient Platycladus orientalis

The effects of tree age on the growth of cutting seedlings propagated from ancient trees have been an important issue in plant breeding and cultivation. In order to understand seedling growth and stress resistance stability, phenotypic measurements, physiological assays, and high-throughput transcriptome sequencing were performed on sown seedlings propagated from 5-year-old donors and cutting seedlings propagated from 5-, 300-, and 700-year-old Platycladus orientalis donors. In this study, the growth of cutting seedlings propagated from ancient trees was significantly slower; the soluble sugar and chlorophyll contents gradually decreased with the increase in the age of donors, and the flavonoid and total phenolic contents of sown seedlings were higher than those of cutting seedlings. Enrichment analysis of differential genes showed that plant hormone signal transduction, the plant–pathogen interaction, and the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathways were significantly up-regulated with the increasing age of cutting seedlings propagated from 300- and 700-year-old donors. A total of 104,764 differentially expressed genes were calculated using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and 8 gene modules were obtained. Further, 10 hub genes in the blue module were identified, which revealed that the expression levels of JAZ, FLS, RPM1/RPS3, CML, and RPS2 increased with the increase in tree age. The results demonstrated that the age of the donors seriously affected the growth of P. orientalis cutting seedlings and that cutting propagation can preserve the resistance of ancient trees. The results of this study provide important insights into the effects of age on asexually propagated seedlings, reveal potential molecular mechanisms, and contribute to an improvement in the level of breeding and conservation of ancient germplasm resources of P. orientalis trees.
Plasmonic nanostructures: local versus nonlocal response

We study the importance of taking the nonlocal optical response of metals into account for accurate determination of optical properties of nanoplasmonic structures. Here we focus on the computational physics aspects of this problem, and in particular we report on the nonlocal-response package that we wrote for state-of the art numerical software, enabling us to take into account the nonlocal material response of metals for any arbitrarily shaped nanoplasmonic structures, without much numerical overhead as compared to the standard local response. Our method is a frequency-domain method, and hence it is sensitive to possible narrow resonances that may arise due to strong electronic quantum confinement in the metal. This feature allows us to accurately determine which geometries are strongly affected by nonlocal response, for example regarding applications based on electric field enhancement properties for which metal nanostructures are widely used.
Image Denoising Techniques in Spatial Domain and Wavelet Domain

This paper proposes performance comparison of different image denoising algorithms in spatial domain and wavelet domain. This paper provide a comprehensive evaluation of PSNR and MSE and comparison results are based on different types of noise such as Salt and Pepper noise and Gaussian noise. Spatial domain employs a low pass filtering on pixels by considering that noise occupies the higher region of the frequency spectrum. In wavelet domain, Orthogonal Wavelet is used for image decomposition. Peak signal to Noise ratio (PSNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) are the two factors for measuring the quality of different denoising techniques.
Fault classification using deep learning based model and impact of dust accumulation on solar photovoltaic modules

ABSTRACT Solar panel performance is affected by ambient temperature, sunlight, module surface temperature, dust, and shadows. Dust inhibits sunlight from reaching photovoltaic modules, reducing power generation. Dust is aerosol pollution from natural or human-made sources. Dust on photovoltaic (PV) panels reduces power generation and raises the surface temperature, shortening panel life. This work uses a Fluke TiS60 Thermal Imager for detection of hotspot created by the accumulation of dust and further classification of the faulty and healthy images is done. The image classifiers used in this paper are SqueezeNet and AlexNet transfer learning methods, the accuracy of both methods is compared, and AlexNet performs best with an accuracy of 99.3%. Further, the effect of dust on PV modules is studied, and hotspots are created intentionally with the help of dust for study purposes. Initially, 50% of a solar module is covered with dust and then 100% of the solar module is covered with dust particles to find the power loss, when a thin layer of dust was spread over 50% of a module power loss is of 4.7% and when a thick layer of dust is spread over 50% the power loss is 5.9%, when thin layer of dust was applied over 100% of a module power loss is of 6.49% and when thick layer of dust is spread over 100% the power loss is 10.17%. This analysis for a healthy and faulty panel is done that helps PV module inspection by facilitating a more precise and cost-effective identification of PV defects.
Design, Development, and Performance Evaluation of GMR-Based Current Sensor for Industrial and Aerospace Applications

The article presents the development of an open-loop current sensor using indigenous multilayered giant magnetoresistance (GMR-ML) technology. The proposed current sensor consists of a magnetic core with an air gap, a GMR sensor chip, and a bias magnet. A GMR chip is biased with a permanent magnet (PM) to obtain linear bipolar output characteristics. The GMR chip measures the magnetic field produced in the air gap as a result of the current flowing through a conductor. The sensor design and characteristics were optimized and verified using both simulation and experiments. Several prototypes were fabricated and tested for the current range of ±25 A. Experimental results indicate the sensitivity of the order of 0.165 mV/V/A with the temperature dependence of the sensitivity −0.28%/°C and bandwidth of 100 kHz. The fabricated prototypes were further compensated for temperature-dependent drift in sensitivity and offset in the temperature range of −25 °C to 85 °C. The compensated sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 80 ±0.5 mV/A with the temperature dependence of the sensitivity of 0.005%/°C. The change in the offset voltage of the compensated sensor was less than 10 mV across the temperature range. The compensated prototype sensor shows a total output error of less than 1% over the operating temperature range. Furthermore, the performance of the sensor was evaluated for aerospace applications and compared with the existing current sensor. The comparative data shows an equivalent performance during the test.