Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metaphor in Organizational Research: Context, Modalities and Implications for Research — Introduction

We provide a general overview of previous work which has explored the use of metaphors in organizational research. Differences in focus and form of research on metaphors are noted. Work in organization theory (OT) and organizational communication (OC) generally features prescriptive metaphors that aid the practice of theorizing and research; research in organizational development (OD) tends to use metaphors for intervention in individual and group decision-making; while studies of organizational behaviour (OB) emphasize the metaphors-in-use within individuals' sensemaking accounts of critical events within their organization. Alongside these differences in focus, the form of metaphor analysis also differs across these contexts, ranging from text- and discourse-based analysis to the analysis of non-linguistic modalities such as pictorial signs, gestures and artefacts. Based on our overview of previous work, we call for greater attention to methodological issues around metaphor identification and analysis and outline a number of directions for further research.
Selection against males in Caenorhabditis elegans under two mutational treatments

Within populations with mixed mating systems, selfing is expected to be favoured over outcrossing unless a countervailing process such as severe inbreeding depression is present. In this study, we consider the relationship between the expression of deleterious alleles and the maintenance of outcrossing in the nematode species, Caenorhabditis elegans. This species is characterized by an androdioecious breeding system composed of males at low frequency and self-fertilizing hermaphrodites that can only outcross via males. Here, we find that experimentally increasing the mutational load in four different isogenic wild isolates using 10 generations of Ethylmethane sulphonate (EMS) and UV irradiation mutagenesis significantly diminishes the cost of males. Males are maintained at higher frequencies in mutagenized versus non-mutagenized populations. Nevertheless, males still tend to be driven to low frequencies within isolates that are known to be prone to lose males. Further, we determine the viability effects of a single round of mutagen exposure and find that, for EMS, outcrossing overcomes the almost completely recessive and nearly lethal effects generated. We briefly interpret our results in light of current evolutionary theory of outcrossing rates.
reflections on a meeting: structure, language, and the polity in a small‐scale society

Careful attention to the importance of language shows it to be a constitutive part of Pintupi social life. Accounting for the value and form of this activity leads to reconceptualizing the nature of politics and the polity in an Australian Aboriginal society. Implications of these structural features for the practical experience of a cultural subject are explored through comparison with other societies. The existence of systematic variation argues that we must attend to kinds of structural differences in the polity of small-scale societies.
A Review of parent interventions for preschool children’s language and emergent literacy

It is well known that children’s language development lays the foundation for their literacy development, though it is difficult for preschool teachers alone to consistently engage in the individual interactions necessary to boost children’s language skills. Given that parents are their children’s first teachers, it is imperative to consider how parents can help improve their children’s language and emergent literacy development prior to formal schooling. This article reviews parent-training studies of children’s language and literacy in three contexts: parent—child book-reading; parent—child conversations; and parent—child writing. Parent training in each of these contexts has the capacity to improve children’s language and literacy, with the effects being specific to the targeted skill. All three contexts are potentially valuable sites for training parents to help their children’s language and literacy. In conclusion, parents are an undertapped resource for improving children’s language and literacy.
Mixed Kernel Twin Support Vector Machines Based on the Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm

The efficiency and performance of Twin Support Vector Machines (TWSVM) is better than the traditional support vector machines when it deals with the problems. However, it also has some problems. As the same as the traditional support vector machines, its parameters are difficult to be appointed and it is not easy to select the appropriate kernel function. TWSVM generally selects the Gaussian radial basis kernel function. Although its learning ability is very strong, its generalization ability is relatively weak. To a certain extent, this limits the performance of TWSVM . In order to solve these two problems, in this paper, we propose the Mixed Kernel Twin Support Vector Machines based on the shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA-MK-TWSVM). To make full use of both the excellent generalization ability of global kernel function s and the learning ability of local kernel function s , SFLA-MK-TWSVM constructs a mixed kernel which has better performance. Then SFLA-MK-TWSVM uses the shuffled frog leaping algorithm to determine the parameters of both TWSVM and the mixed kernel function to further improve the performance of TWSVM. The experimental results indicate that SFLA-MK-TWSVM significantly improves the classification accuracy of TWSVM.
Organizing Healing and Health Care Resources

As we pen this essay, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is assessing public health risks and organizing priorities through its Healthy People 2020. Congress debated health care reform while 43.6 million people under the age of 65 remain uninsured (see http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/ hinsure.htm) and health-related expenditures exceed 16% of the gross domestic product (GDP). Countries with universal medical access such as Canada and the United Kingdom are facing pressure to privatize services, and Chinese manufacturers are facing scrutiny for replacing lead with the dangerous chemical cadmium in children’s toys. Globally, nearly 40 million people worldwide are infected with HIV (www.HealthGAP.org) and at least 1 billion people are undernourished (www.worldhunger.org). These issues raise critical questions about the nature and sustainability of health interventions. In this forum, authors urge organizational and managerial communication scholars to engage pressing opportunities and dilemmas related to health care resources. When organizing the forum, we invited authors to explore connections between interests and concerns in health communication and organizational communication. In response, Barbour focuses on the “institutional moorings” of conversations in medical care organizations, offering a useful frame for exploring intersections between established (and normative) logics and interprofessional dynamics, emergent technologies, information management, managed care, and other complex systems of care. Harter, Patterson, and Gerbensky-Kerber turn their attention to narrative logics, positioning
Imagery, Meaningfulness, and Emotionality Values of Words When Meaning is Controlled

Previous studies yielded positive correlations between imagery and meaningfulness and negative correlations between imagery and emotionality and between emotionality and meaningfulness. A positive correlation among imagery, emotionality, and meaningfulness values of words was hypothesized when concrete and abstract words have similar meanings. 93 subjects rated 12 pairs of words, such as friend and friendship, that differ in only morpheme. Within these pairs words differed markedly on concreteness but little in core meaning. Subjects rated the words on imagery, emotionality, and meaningfulness. Correlations among all variables were positive and significant: imagery and meaningfulness (.71), imagery and emotionality (.83), and emotionality and meaningfulness (.49).
Spanish Adverbial Frozen Expressions

This paper presents an electronic dictionary of Spanish adverbial frozen expressions. It focuses on their formal description in view of natural language processing and presents an experiment on the automatic application of this data to real texts using finite-state techniques. The paper makes an assessment of the advantages and limitations of this method for the identification of these multiword units in texts.
Preventing ARP spoofing in WLAN using SHA-512

In most of the organizations, the use of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is increasing promisingly. WLAN security is mainly affected by two internal attacks: Rogue Access Point (RAP) and Rogue Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server. Rogue Access Point is installed either by employees or by hackers. Employees install rogue access point for flexibility and scalability. Hackers install rogue access point to breach the security either internally or externally. DHCP server normally does not use authentication when servicing clients that needs dynamic IP address. To secure the organizations from network attacks it is necessary to detect the installation of rogue access point and rogue DHCP server. There are several methods to detect these attacks but still need arise for suggesting a method that provides solution for Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) spoofing. Since spoofing can easily be performed so it will be a major threat in wireless security. This paper presents a method to prevent this attack. The proposed approach uses hash algorithm to assure authenticity and integrity. The proposed solution is feasible and easy to implement.
Dominant ferromagnetism in the spin-1/2 half-twist ladder 334 compounds, Ba3Cu3In4O12 and Ba3Cu3Sc4O12

The magnetic properties of polycrystalline samples of Ba3Cu3In4O12 (In-334) and Ba3Cu3Sc4O12 (Sc-334) are reported. Both 334 phases have a structure derived from perovskite, with CuO4 squares interconnected to form half-twist ladders along the c-axis. The Cu–O–Cu angles, ∼90°, and the positive Weiss temperatures indicate the presence of significant ferromagnetic (FM) interactions along the Cu ladders. At low temperatures, T < 20 K, sharp transitions in the magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements indicate three-dimensional (3D) antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering at TN. TN is suppressed on application of a field and a complex magnetic phase diagram with three distinct magnetic regimes below the upper critical field can be inferred from our measurements. The magnetic interactions are discussed in relation to a modified spin-1/2 FM–AFM model and the 334 half-twist ladder is compared to other two-rung ladder spin-1/2 systems.
What does ‘work–life management’ mean in China and Southeast Asia for MNCs?

Translating global policy into local practice presents a substantial challenge for the human resource (HR) function in many multinational corporations (MNCs). We present the findings of interviews conducted with HR and Diversity managers to explore the ways in which eight MNCs manage work–life issues, with particular focus on the dynamic markets in China and Southeast Asia. Further, we explore how the competing global and local demands for work–life initiatives are managed in MNCs operating in Asia and identify themes that have important implications for managers and employees. We conclude that the competition for talent in Asia highlights the potential for work–life policies to serve as a tool to attract and retain employees.
Going Green: The Evolution of Micro‐Business Environmental Practices

This paper examines the process through which micro‐businesses ‘go green’. It builds upon previous studies that have identified the different drivers of this greening process. However, rather than a static focus on specific drivers, the study articulates the evolution of environmental practices over time. The paper uses comparative case studies of six micro‐businesses to build a composite sequence analysis that plots the greening process from its roots through to large‐scale and ambitious ecological projects. The study identifies three distinct stages that businesses pass through during this greening process. This has important implications for policy‐makers and advisors as it was found that the support needed by the businesses changed as they passed through these different stages. In particular, it was found that appropriate support is currently lacking at certain key points of the businesses' greening development. The paper therefore adds to current understanding of small business ecological responsibility by showing how activities and drivers change with the level of engagement. Pointers are provided as to how support can be improved.
CALL and the Responsibilities of Teachers and Administrators

High technology, especially the use of computers, has won a secure place among the resources available to the modern language teacher. Language centres throughout the world know that they cannot do without computes for learning purposes. However, despite the expensive investment made on their behalf, and the interest shown by their students, many teachers remain uncommitted to computer-assisted language learning (CALL). This article probes the reasons for such a response, and proposes some remedies. In particular, it is argued that CALL should not be too closely associated with self-access or autonomy, and that teachers are needed to drive the CALL process.
Observation of unpaired substrate DNA in the flap endonuclease-1 active site

The structure- and strand-specific phosphodiesterase flap endonuclease-1 (FEN1), the prototypical 5′-nuclease, catalyzes the essential removal of 5′-single-stranded flaps during replication and repair. FEN1 achieves this by selectively catalyzing hydrolysis one nucleotide into the duplex region of substrates, always targeting the 5′-strand. This specificity is proposed to arise by unpairing the 5′-end of duplex to permit the scissile phosphate diester to contact catalytic divalent metal ions. Providing the first direct evidence for this, we detected changes induced by human FEN1 (hFEN1) in the low-energy CD spectra and fluorescence lifetimes of 2-aminopurine in substrates and products that were indicative of unpairing. Divalent metal ions were essential for unpairing. However, although 5′-nuclease superfamily-conserved active-site residues K93 and R100 were required to produce unpaired product, they were not necessary to unpair substrates. Nevertheless, a unique arrangement of protein residues around the unpaired DNA was detected only with wild-type protein, suggesting a cooperative assembly of active-site residues that may be triggered by unpaired DNA. The general principles of FEN1 strand and reaction-site selection, which depend on the ability of juxtaposed divalent metal ions to unpair the end of duplex DNA, may also apply more widely to other structure- and strand-specific nucleases.
Robust regression to varying data distribution and its application to landmark-based localization

Data may be wrongly measured or come from other sources. Such data is a big problem in regression, which retrieve parameters from data. Random sample consensus (RANSAC) and maximum likelihood estimation sample consensus (MLE-SAC) are representative researches, which focused on this problem. However, they do not cope with varying data distribution because they need to tune variables according to given data. This paper proposes user-independent parameter estimator, u-MLESAC, which is based on MLESAC. It estimates variables necessary in probabilistic error model through expectation maximization (EM). It also terminates adaptively using failure rate and error tolerance, which can control trade-off between accuracy and running time. Line fitting experiments showed its high accuracy and robustness in varying data distribution. Its results are compared with other estimators. Its application to landmark-based localization also verified its performance compared with other estimator.
EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND IRRELEVANT SPEECH ON WCST AND STROOP TEST

This study examines the irrelevant speech effect (ISE) and the effects of individual differences (introversion/extroversion and field dependence/independence: FDI) on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Stroop Test. In Experiment 1, irrelevant speech and silence groups performed the WCST. Unlike the ISE, FDI affected four WCST indexes (CA, TE, PE [Milner], and PE [Nelson]) but did not affect the WCST DMS index, which shows the difficulty of maintaining concepts. However, the ISE was observed with the DMS. In Experiment 2, WCST data were applied under a noise condition. In Experiment 3, the Stroop Test revealed that individual differences affect the amount of conflict, unlike the ISE. In general, the ISE is understood to relate to the phonological loop of the working memory, with individual differences related to the central executive system. We believe that the WCST involves the central executive system and phonological loop, while the Stroop Test primarily involves the central executive system.
School Bullying Among Hong Kong Chinese Primary Schoolchildren

The first comprehensive survey of 7,025 Chinese primary schoolchildren found that 24% of respondents reported that they had sometimes physically bullied another child. When children observed school bullying, 56% said they immediately reported it to their teachers. Another 20% tried to stop the bullying by approaching the bullies. The study also identified factors associated with bullying. These included coming from an adverse psychosocial background and having more contact with violent values through association with deviant peers and exposure to the mass media. On the basis of the research findings, potential methods of bullying intervention are discussed.
Decomposing a Sense of Superiority: The Differential Social Impact of Self-Regard and Regard for Others

Abstract The tendency to self-enhance has been related to a host of beneficial psychological outcomes (Taylor & Brown, 1988), although some negative social consequences have also been identified (Colvin et al., 1995, Paulhus, 1998). One operationalization of self-enhancement is derived by subtracting the rater's evaluations of others from his or her self-ratings to yield a measure of the rater's sense of superiority/inferiority, i.e., rater-derived self-enhancement. The present research assessed the psychological and social correlates of a person's sense of superiority in groups whose members worked on tasks together for 3 months. A sense of superiority was scored as a composite but also separated into its two components, self-regard and regard for others, to determine if these components of a sense of superiority have separate relationships to psychological and social processes. A sense of superiority evidenced the same self-rated psychological benefits as had been found in Western research, though it showed both positive and negative social outcomes, as assessed on an eight-factor measure of the target's personality rated by his or her other group members. Positive psychological characteristics and a stereotypically masculine reputation were associated with higher levels of self-regard; lower levels of self-rated Agreeableness, a stereotypically nonfeminine reputation, and lower liking were associated with lower levels of regard for others. Given their different functions, it is proposed that self-regard and regard for others be separated in future research and attention directed toward characterizing the behavioral profiles of those high and low in these two measures of basic personality orientation.
Nearly optimal FIFO buffer management for DiffServ

We consider a FIFO buffer with finite storage space. An arbitrary input stream of packets arrives at the buffer, but the output stream rate is bounded, so overflows may occur. Motivated by DiffServ, we assume that each packet has value either 1 or α, for some α > 1. The buffer management task is to decide which packets to drop so as to minimize the total value of lost packets, subject to the buffer space bound, and to the FIFO order of sent packets. We consider push-out buffers, where the algorithm may eject packets from anywhere in the buffer. The best lower bound on the competitive ratio of on-line algorithms for buffer management is approximately 1.28. In this paper we present an on-line algorithm whose competitive ratio is approximately 1.30 for the worst case α. The best previous general upper bound was about 1.888.
La compréhension des histoires chez le jeune enfant

La presente etude vise a examiner les tout debuts de la comprehension du recit chez l'enfant. Dans ce but, un film d'animation, tout a fait simple dans sa composition, a ete projete a des enfants (N = 100) âges entre 2 : 6 et 12 : 0 ans. Ces derniers devaient raconter l'histoire visionnee en evocation immediate, puis a l'aide des questions d'un adulte et enfin a partir de cinq images-photos du film. Prenant comme critere d'accession 75 %, dans la premiere partie (evocation immediate) c'est a 7 : 0 ans que les enfants savent raconter l'histoire. Dans la seconde partie (a l'aide des questions de l'adulte), ils y arrivent a 5 ; 0 ans et, dans la troisieme partie (avec les images-photos), ils racontent tout a 6 ; 0 ans. Avant ces niveau d'âge, le recit est en construction progressive et ce des les premieres reponses d'enfants.
Abduction in Semantic Space: Towards a Logic of Discovery

Diminishing awareness is a consequence of the information explosion: disciplines are becoming increasingly specialized; individuals and groups are becoming ever more insular. This paper considers how awareness can be enhanced via abductive knowledge discovery the goal of which is to produce suggestions which can span disparate islands of knowledge. Knowledge representation is motivated from a cognitive perspective. Words and concepts are represented as vectors in a high dimensional semantic space automatically derived from a text corpus. Information flow computation between vectors is proposed as a means of suggesting potentially interesting implicit associations between concepts. Information flow is applied to computational scientific discovery by attempting to simulate Swanson's Raynaud-fish oil discovery in medical texts. Both automatic and semi-automatic attempts were studied and compared against suggestions computed via semantic association. Even though this work is preliminary and speculative in nature, there is some justification to believe that appropriate suggestions (hypotheses) can be "abduced" from semantic space.
A meta-analytic review of obesity prevention in the schools: 1997–2008

A meta-analysis was conducted on school-based interventions to reduce obesity in children. Sixty-six (k = 66, N = 31,059) comparisons from 40 published studies from 1997 through 2008 were included in analyses. Results indicated a significant effect for school-based interventions with an overall weighted effect size of r = . 05. Several moderating factors were examined to explain the heterogeneity in study outcomes. Interventions that were universal (k = 37, r = .07), conducted in elementary schools (k = 41, r = .06), implemented collaboratively (k = 19, r = .12), primarily included children of Asian ethnicity (k = 5, r = .30), encouraged nutritional change (k = 28, r = .13), and sought to reduce sedentary behaviors (k = 17, r = .15) were identified as more successful in reducing students' obesity-related outcomes. Factors that resulted in negative effects for school-based programs included interventions of short duration (k = 11, r = −.04) and those that implemented system-wide changes in nutrition (k = 15, r = −.03). The variability in study effect sizes is discussed, and recommendations are made for future school-based interventions targeting children. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.