Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Open Access Research Article Identification and Characterization of Nagnag Alternative Splicing in the Moss Physcomitrella Patens

Background: Alternative splicing (AS) involving tandem acceptors that are separated by three nucleotides (NAGNAG) is an evolutionarily widespread class of AS, which is well studied in Homo sapiens (human) and Mus musculus (mouse). It has also been shown to be common in the model seed plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa (rice). In one of the first studies involving sequence-based prediction of AS in plants, we performed a genome-wide identification and characterization of NAGNAG AS in the model plant Physcomitrella patens, a moss. Results: Using Sanger data, we found 295 alternatively used NAGNAG acceptors in P. patens. Using 31 features and training and test datasets of constitutive and alternative NAGNAGs, we trained a classifier to predict the splicing outcome at NAGNAG tandem splice sites (alternative splicing, constitutive at the first acceptor, or constitutive at the second acceptor). Our classifier achieved a balanced specificity and sensitivity of ≥ 89%. Subsequently, a classifier trained exclusively on data well supported by transcript evidence was used to make genome-wide predictions of NAGNAG splicing outcomes. By generation of more transcript evidence from a next-generation sequencing platform (Roche 454), we found additional evidence for NAGNAG AS, with altogether 664 alternative NAGNAGs being detected in P. patens using all currently available transcript evidence. The 454 data also enabled us to validate the predictions of the classifier, with 64% (80/125) of the well-supported cases of AS being predicted correctly. Conclusion: NAGNAG AS is just as common in the moss P. patens as it is in the seed plants A. thaliana and O. sativa (but not conserved on the level of orthologous introns), and can be predicted with high accuracy. The most informative features are the nucleotides in the NAGNAG and in its immediate vicinity, along with the splice sites scores, as found earlier for NAGNAG AS in animals. Our results suggest that the mechanism behind NAGNAG AS in plants is similar to that in animals and is largely dependent on the splice site and its immediate neighborhood. Background Eukaryotic primary mRNAs consist of protein-coding regions (exons) and intervening non-coding regions (introns). The mature mRNA transcript, which acts as substrate for translation into protein, is produced by removing introns in a process called splicing. Splicing can be either constitutive, always producing the same mRNA,
IMPACT OF PRODUCT DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGIES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE (A CASE STUDY OF MTN NIGERIA LIMITED, UYO)

The research examines the impact of product differentiation strategies on organizational performance using MTN Nigeria Limited, Uyo, as a case study. The research design for the research is a survey. The population consists of 137 staff members of MTN, Uyo. A sample and sampling technique are used to select 103 respondents out of the population using Kracjie and Morgan's (1970) formula. The instrument used for data collection is a self-structured questionnaire. The instrument is validated by experts in testing and measurement. A Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) analysis is used to determine the reliability of the instruments. Data from completed questionnaires was subjected to descriptive analysis. The findings show and conclude that product quality differentiation is a key element of a successful business. The company adopts product differentiation strategies to deliver the best products at competitive prices to its customers. Product design differentiation plays a central role in the decision to switch to competitors. The research recommend that the strategic leadership of the organization consider adopting product differentiation, as it is the most dominant generic strategy adopted by similar organizations. The company should adopt new innovations to enhance product design to influence the firm’s competitiveness and improve organizational performance. The firm should focus on differentiating its products based on quality. A quality product leads to increased sales as well as giving the firm a competitive advantage.
MultiTube--Where Web 2.0 and Multimedia Could Meet

Web 2.0 is an area that's gained much attention recently, especially with Google's acquisition of YouTube. Given the strong focus on media in many Web 2.0 applications, from a multimedia perspective the question arises what multimedia (research) and Web 2.0 have in common, where the two fields meet, and how they can benefit each other
A WHITE PAPER ON THE STATUS AND NEEDS OF SUNFISH AQUACULTURE IN THE NORTH CENTRAL REGION

Sunfish have been identified as potential aquaculture taxa in the North Central Region (NCR). The North Central Regional Aquaculture Center (NCRAC) has funded projects to address the research needs of developing sunfish as a viable aquaculture commodity in the NCR. Because the NCRAC Board of Directors (Board) and the Industry Advisory Council (IAC) memberships change over time, the Board directed that white papers be developed on the NCR potential aquaculture species. These white papers are designed to outline the current status of aquaculture technology, the critical factors limiting economical and sustainable commercial production, and the recommendations for research and extension that should be considered in future work plans for each species considered. In addition, the white papers are considered as “living documents” that can be updated based on advancements and new developments within the industry. Disciplines Aquaculture and Fisheries Comments This article is from the NCRAC White Paper series, December 2003. Used with permission. This report is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ncrac_whitepapers/9 A WHITE PAPER ON THE STATUS AND NEEDS OF SUNFISH AQUACULTURE IN THE NORTH CENTRAL REGION
Photobiomodulation on Stress Timon

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a nondamaged modulation of laser irradiation or monochromatic light (LI) on a biosystem function. It depends on whether the function is in its function-specific homeostasis (FSH). An FSH is a negative-feedback response of a biosystem to maintain the function-specific conditions inside the biosystem so that the function is perfectly performed. A function in its FSH is called a normal function. A function far from its FSH is called a dysfunctional function. The process of a function from dysfunctional to normal is called a functional normalization. For a normal function in its FSH, there are FSH-essential subfunctions (FESs), FSH-nonessential subfunctions (FNSs), and an FES/FNS-specific homeostasis (FESH/FNSH). A FSH can resist internal/external disturbances under the threshold, but can be disrupted by an FSH-specific stress (FSS). A normal/dysfunctional FSS is called a successful/chronic stress. An FESH/FNSH-specific stress was called an extraordinary/ordinary stress. A low level LI (LLL) cannot directly affect a normal function, but can modulate a chronic stress. A normal function may have a chronic ordinary stress, and an LLL may modulate the chronic ordinary stress so that it promotes the normalization of the dysfunctional FNS and then upgrades the normal function. A high level LI can modulate a normal function and may be a successful stress.
37. DATA REPORT: TRACE-ELEMENT GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE LOWER SHEETED DIKE COMPLEX, HOLE 504B (LEG 140)1

Rocks of the lower sheeted dike complex of Hole 504B, sampled during Leg 140, were analyzed for trace element compositions (Li, Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Nb, Mo, REE, Hf, Ta, Bi, Th, U, and Cs) using a multielement ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) method. The rocks are relatively uniform in composition and similar to the shallower dikes in Hole 504B. Previous investigations showed systematic depletions in centimeter-sized patches for REE, Zr, Y, TiO2, and P2O5. Data of this study similarly show that Nb, Hf, Sc, Mo, and, to a lesser extent, Li, and Th are also depleted relative to the host rocks. Whereas Rb shows a systematic increase in centimeter-sized patches, elements such as Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Ga, and Sr show no significant changes compared to adjacent less altered diabases.
LCA-based Product Water Footprinting and a Case Study

In order to address the unsustainable use of global freshwater resources,indicators are needed which make the impacts of humans' activity on water resources transparent.In this study,a life cycle assessment(LCA)-based water footprinting method is introduced and demonstrated for a case study product of wheat produced in China.Comparing with existing virtual water-based water footprint calculation,the LCA-based method enables meaningful comparisons between products,production stages and production places in terms of their potential environmental impact.The case study shows that the average water footprint of wheat produced in Huanghe and Haihe drainage basins is 1262 L H2Oe·kg-1 while that of wheat produced in Changjiang drainage basin is only 31 L H2Oe·kg-1.It is indicated that wheat production exerts much more pressure on water resources in the water-scarce north than in the water-rich south.This LCA-based water footprinting method could provide scientific basis to guide strategic decisions for China's food production and sustainable water resources use.
Assessing Elementary Pre-service Teachers ' Knowledge for Teaching Geometry

Invoking the first three van Hiele levels of geometric thought, pre-service elementary teachers (N = 52) were assessed on their content and pedagogical geometry knowledge as well as their spatial visualization skills. The pre-service teachers’ first and second level responses to the geometry test items indicated a severe deficit in their geometric understanding. By not demonstrating geometric thought at the third van Hiele level, these teachers lacked the skills to competently teach students in grades 1 through 8.
of Risk Factors, Clinical Symptoms, LV Function and Angiographic Finding in Patients with LBBB

: Background & Objective: Left bundle branch (LBBB) is common ECG finding. Common causes of LBBB are coronary artery disease (CAD), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertension. The objectives of this study were to determine presenting symptoms, risk factors, echocardiography and angiographic findings in patients with Left bundle branch block (LBBB), who underwent coronary angiography in Rajarajeshwari Medical college and hospital (cardiology dept.). Material and methods: All patients with symptomatic complete LBBB who attended OPD/IPD from July 15, 2014 to January 20, 2017 were included. Demographic profile such as age and sex, presenting symptoms, risk factors, echocardiography and coronary angiographic findings were studied. The study included 85 patients, 46 patients (54.1%) were males and 39 patients (45.9%) were females with a mean age of 58 years. Male patients with LBBB have more incidences of both abnormal coronary angiography (70%) and three vessels disease (72%) than female patients. In our study 64% of patients with LBBB had hypertension. Patients with 2 or more risk factors showed a higher percentage (46%) of having abnormal angiography. Based on echocardiography findings, RWMA constitutes the major finding (27, 31.78%). In the patients with CAD, there were normal ejection fraction (EF) in 8 patients (26%) and depressed EF in 22 patients (74%). In conclusion, hypertension was a major risk factor for LBBB. Left anterior descending artery (LAD) artery was the most common vessel disease. Conclusion: Patients with LBBB on ECG referred for coronary angiography represent a very small Minority of all cardiac catheterization patients. HTN was the commonest cardiovascular risk factor. Males show an overall higher degree of affection than females in regards with three vessels disease. Patients who had 2 or more risk factors had a higher percentage of having abnormal angiography. Left ventricular EF was lower in LBBB patients who had CAD.
The School Professionals’ Role in Identification of Youth at Risk of The School Professionals’ Role in Identification of Youth at Risk of Suicide Suicide

: The school professional is in a unique position to play a strategic role in the early identification and prevention of youth suicide. The current study assessed North Queensland teachers’ knowledge on youth suicide. The sample comprised 201 secondary school teachers. A survey research design was used and data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Teachers scored, on average, 69% of the knowledge statements correct; however only 15% correctly recognized a high-risk situation. There was substantial variability in the accuracy of knowledge on youth suicide with some teachers maintaining high levels of knowledge, and others having very little accurate information. Findings highlight the need for youth suicide education for teachers in order to fulfil this ‘gatekeeper’ role in dealing with suicidal student
. Non-uniformity of

22 Although the Achilles tendon (AT) has been studied for more than a century, a complete 23 understanding of the mechanical and functional consequences of AT structural organization is 24 currently lacking. The aim of this study was to assess how joint angle configuration affects 25 subtendon displacement and strain of soleus (SOL) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscles. 26 Knots sutured onto SOL and LG subtendons of 12 Wistar rats, were videotaped to quantify 27 displacements and the ankle torque was assessed for different isometric activation conditions 28 (i.e., individual and simultaneous) of the triceps surae muscles. Changing ankle and knee joint 29 angle affected the magnitude of displacement, relative displacement and strain of both SOL 30 and LG subtendons. SOL subtendon behavior was not only affected by changes in ankle angle, 31 but also by changes in knee angle. Displacement of SOL subtendon decreased (28-49%), but 32 strain increased in response to knee extension. Independent of joint angle configuration, 33 stimulation of any combination of the muscles typically resulted in displacements and strains 34 of LG and SOL subtendons. Typically SOL displaced more but LG displaced more when 35 stimulated at longer muscle lengths. Our results demonstrate that the distinct subtendons of the 36 Achilles tendon can move and deform differently, but are not fully independent. Within the 37 AT, there appears to be a precarious balance between sliding allowance and mechanical 38 connectivity between subtendons. 39
Sentetik Greftlerle Yapýlan Periferik Bypasslarda Seroma Oluþumu SEROMA FOLLOWING REPLACEMENT WITH SYNTHETIC VASCULAR PROSTHESIS

Amaç: Sentetik greft kullanýlan olgularda seroma nadir görülmekle birlikte ciddi sonuçlar oluþturduðundan taný ve tedavisi büyük önem kazanmaktadýr. Materyal ve Metod: Sentetik greftle 1995-2001 tarihleri arasýnda periferik bypass uyguladýðýmýz 87 olgunun 5’inde (%5.7) seroma tespit ettik. Bulgular: Seromalý olgularda greft materyali olarak politetrafloroetilen (PTFE) kullanýlmýþtý. Taný birinci ayda 1, ikinci ayda 2, üçüncü ayda 2 olguda konuldu. Femoro-popliteal bypass 2, arteriyovenöz fistül 2, femoro-femoral bypass 1 olguda uygulanmýþtý. Tedavi olarak sentetik greftler çýkarýldýktan sonra, femoro-popliteal bypasslarda safen ven grefti, arteriyovenöz fistüllerde yeni PTFE greft, diðer olguda da dakron greft ile aorto-femoral bypass yapýldý. Sonuç: .
Identi ﬁ cation of students' multiple achievement and social goal pro ﬁ les and analysis of their stability and adaptability

The present study moves to a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of student's goal orientation by jointly analyzing a variety of students' achievement goals together with students' social goals, and their com-binedeffects.Usingaperson-centeredapproach(latentclusteranalysis)thestudyidenti ﬁ edstudents'( N =386) goal pro ﬁ les, analysed in what ways achievement and social goals are combined, and tested whether pro ﬁ le groups differed on their motivational and academic adaptability. Moreover, this study analysed stability and change in students' multiple goal pro ﬁ les across the transition into secondary school (from 9th to 10th grade). Six distinct pro ﬁ les of achievement and social goals emerged showing construct stability over time. Across pro-ﬁ les ﬁ ndings showed that prosocial and social responsibility goals are connected with mastery goals, but seem more dif ﬁ cult to reconcile with performance-competitive goals. In general, ﬁ ndings highlighted the positive role of both mastery and social goals in students' academic outcomes (differences between pro ﬁ les ranging from η 2 0.03 to0.18),butalsoshowedthatdistinctgoalcombinationsmaybecompatiblewithstudents'motivation and academic success
Impact of non-adherence and flare resolution on the cost effectiveness of treatments for gout

Background Dual urate-lowering therapy (ULT) with lesinurad in combination with either allopurinol or febuxostat is an option for gout patients unsuccessfully treated on either monotherapy. Treatment failure is often a result of poor medication adherence. Imperfect adherence in clinical trials may lead to biased estimates of treatment effect and confound the results of cost effectiveness analyses.
Protein analysis using real‐time PCR instrumentation: Incorporation in an integrated, inquiry‐based project

Instrumentation for real‐time PCR is used primarily for amplification and quantitation of nucleic acids. The capability to measure fluorescence while controlling temperature in multiple samples can also be applied to the analysis of proteins. Conformational stability and changes in stability due to ligand binding are easily assessed. Protein structure studies possible with a real‐time PCR instrument address core topics in biochemistry and have valuable high‐throughput applications in the fields of drug discovery and protein engineering. Protein analysis using real‐time PCR instrumentation has been incorporated in an undergraduate laboratory project based on previously described projects. Students express, purify, and characterize a protein. Based on literature research and analysis using bioinformatics tools, they select a specific mutation to investigate. They then attempt to express, purify, and characterize their mutated protein. Thermal denaturation using a real‐time PCR instrument is the primary tool used to compare the wild‐type and mutated proteins. Alternative means for incorporation of protein analysis by real‐time PCR instrumentation into laboratory experiences and additional modes of analysis are also described. © 2013 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 42(2):142–151, 2014
Microfluidic Digestive Systems for Drug Analysis

A novel, integrated, in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) system is presented to study oral bioavailability parameters of small molecules. Three compartments were combined into one hyphenated, flow-through set-up. In the first compartment, a compound was exposed dynamically to enzymatic digestion in three consecutive microreactors, mimicking the processes of the mouth, stomach, and intestine. The resulting solution (chyme), continued to the second compartment, a flow-through barrier model of the intestinal epithelium allowing absorption of the compound and metabolites thereof. The composition of the effluents from the barrier model were analyzed either offline by electrospray-ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), or online in the final compartment using chip-based ESI-MS. Two model drugs, omeprazole and verapamil, were used to test the integrated model. Omeprazole was shown to be broken down upon treatment with gastric acid, but reached the cell barrier unharmed when introduced to the system in a manner emulating an enteric-coated formulation. In contrast, verapamil was unaffected by digestion. Finally, a reduced uptake of verapamil was observed when verapamil was introduced to the system dissolved in apple juice, a simple food matrix. It is envisaged that this integrated, compartmentalized GI system has potential for enabling future research in the fields of pharmacology, toxicology, and nutrition.
EFFECT OF DRYING REGIMES ON THE QUALITY AND SAFETY OF ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN SOURCES – YELLOW MEALWORM LARVAE ( TENEBRIO MOLITOR L.)

Background. The growing population and the increase in protein hunger have highlighted a need to search for an alternative protein source. The European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) stated that yellow mealworm larvae ( Tenebrio molitor L.) are a potential source of protein, fat, and fibre. Their processing involves differ - ent thermal treatments to ensure the quality and safety of the insect products. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effect of four processing regimes.
Large-scale interactive object segmentation with human annotators , supplementary material

Here the details for the Mb and Mb+c training mentioned in section 3.1 of the main paper. Both Mb and Mb+c use the same architecture and training procedure. We train Deeplabv2 ResNet101 [2] for a per-pixel binary classification (instance foreground/background). We start with a model pre-trained for ImageNet classification, use a batch size 1, and train for 10k steps with learning rate linearly decreasing from 5 · 10 down to 5 · 10. Training over 20 GPUs takes ~8 hours.
Multivariable process identification for robust control

-In this work, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) process identification is studied, where the purpose of identification is control system design. An identification procedure is presented by which one can . estimate not only a nominal parametric process model, but also an upper bound of the model uncertainty (modelling errors) in the frequency domain. The basic steps of this method consist of high order model estimation and subsequent model reduction. One advantage is that, in this framework, fundamental problems such as input design and model structure selection can easily be solved. Another advantage of the method is numerical simplicity and reliability. The identified nominal model and the error bound can readily be used for robust control system analysis and design.
Spontaneous movement tempo can be inﬂuenced by combining action observation and somatosensory stimulation

Spontaneous movement tempo (SMT) was a popular ﬁeld of study of the Gestalt psychologists It can be determined from subjects freely tapping out a rhythm with their ﬁnger, and it has been found to average about 2 Hz. A previous study showed that SMT changed after the observation of rhythmical movements performed at frequency different from the SMT. This effect was long-lasting only when movement execution immediately followed action observation (AO). We recently demonstrated that only when AO was combined with peripheral nerve stimulation (AO-PNS) was it possible to induce plastic changes in the excitability of the motor cortex, whereas AO and PNS alone did not evoke any changes. Here we investigated whether the observation of rhythmical actions at a frequency higher than the SMT combined with PNS induced lasting changes in SMT even in absence of immediate movement execution. Forty-eight participants were assigned to four groups. In AO-PNS group they observed a video showing a right hand performing a ﬁnger opposition movement sequence at 3 Hz and contemporarily received an electrical stimulation at the median nerve; in AO group and PNS group participants either observed the same video or received the same electrical stimulation of the AO-PNS group, respectively; in LANDSCAPE group subjects observed a neutral video. Participants performed a ﬁnger opposition movement sequence at spontaneous movement rate before and 30 min after the conditioning protocols. Results showed that SMT signiﬁcantly changed only after AO-PNS. This result suggested that the AO-PNS protocol was able to induce lasting changes in SMT due to neuroplasticity mechanisms, indicating possible application of AO-PNS in rehabilitative treatments.