Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A novel mutation of thyroid hormone receptor β in exon 10 in a case of thyroid hormone-resistant non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the thyroid

Only a few previous studies have demonstrated an association between resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) and thyroid cancer. The current study presents the case of a 67-year-old female who was referred to the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University with an enlargement of the neck that had grown gradually over two years and subsequently, rapidly enlarged over the two months prior to admission, alongside a slight sensation of shortness of breath. Laboratory data revealed a significantly increased level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine, total thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyroprotein and thyroglobulin antibody; however, the levels of thyroperoxidase and TSH receptor antibody were within the normal ranges. A thyroid hormone suppression test revealed a TSH reduction of 32%, Magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland was negative for abnormalities. The patient’s thyroid pathology revealed a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the thyroid. CHOP + nimustine chemotherapy significantly reduced the clinical symptoms. The genetic analysis revealed a novel point mutation of the thyroid hormone receptor β (THRB) gene in exon 10 (g1680 G to A) in the 3′-untranslated region of the patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of RTH with thyroid non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which involved a mutation (g1680 G to A) in exon 10 of THRB.
Flexible Hardware Acceleration for Instruction-Grain Program Monitoring

Instruction-grain program monitoring tools, which check and analyze executing programs at the granularity of individual instructions, are invaluable for quickly detecting bugs and security attacks and then limiting their damage (via containment and/or recovery). Unfortunately, their fine-grain nature implies very high monitoring overheads for software-only tools, which are typically based on dynamic binary instrumentation. Previous hardware proposals either focus on mechanisms that target specific bugs or address only the cost of binary instrumentation. In this paper, we propose a flexible hardware solution for accelerating a wide range of instruction-grain monitoring tools. By examining a number of diverse tools (for memory checking, security tracking, and data race detection), we identify three significant common sources of overheads and then propose three novel hardware techniques for addressing these overheads: Inheritance Tracking, Idempotent Filters, and Metadata-TLBs. Together, these constitute a general-purpose hardware acceleration framework. Experimental results show our framework reduces overheads by 2-3X over the previous state-of-the-art, while supporting the needed flexibility.
Protein and lipid species in seminal plasma of fertile Holstein-Friesian bulls

Protein and lipid molecules in seminal plasma (SP) collected from fertile bulls were investigated. Semen was collected from 10 bulls (2 ejaculates each) and examined for standard semen analysis. Raw SP was recovered by centrifugation and total protein (TP) concentration was determined using a refractometer. Raw SP was desalted using a Sephadex G-25 desalting column then both raw and desalted SP was subjected to SDS-PAGE. Neutral lipids and phospholipids of raw and desalted SP were separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The results revealed that, all bulls had normal semen characteristics and TP concentration in SP ranged from 7.0 to 10.4 g/dL except bull No. 6 had a relatively low concentration of 4.9 to 6.8 g/dL. Neither proteins nor lipids species were different between raw and desalted SP. Seventeen proteins were detected ranging from 8.5 to 185.8 kDa, and those of 12, 13.5, 15, 21, 23 and 38 kDa were predominant. Notably, proteins of 10, 17.5, 19, 21, 80 and 185.8 kDa might be new candidates of SP proteins (SPPs). The detected neutral lipid spots corresponded to cholesterol, 1,2-dimyristoyl glycerol, 1,2-dioleoyloglycerol, 1,3-dimyristoyl glycerol and 1,3-dioleoyloglycerol. The detected phospholipids spots corresponded to non-migrating phospholipids, sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), cerebroside and polyglycerol phosphatide. Cholesterol represents the major molecule of neutral lipids, whereas SM, PC, PI and PE represent the major phospholipids. Noteworthy, there were 2 species of diacylglycerol (DAG) and 3 species of PI in bovine SP. In conclusion, this study gave a general picture of SP protein and lipid species in fertile bull semen, which might serve as fundamental knowledge for either semen analysis or prediction of male fertility.
Vergleich zwischen HAWIK-III und HAWIK-IV für Testanwender

Zusammenfassung. Mit der vorliegenden Studie soll anhand eines Vergleichs zwischen HAWIK-III und HAWIK-IV, beides Versionen des Wechsler-Intelligenztests fur Kinder und Jugendliche zwischen 6 und 16 Jahren, dem Testanwender eine Hilfestellung gegeben werden, wie mit den Modifikationen zwischen beiden Testversionen umgegangen werden kann. Dafur wurden 223 Kinder und Jugendliche mit beiden Testversionen untersucht. Es zeigen sich sehr hohe Korrelationen zwischen beiden Gesamt-IQ. Auf Indexebene ergaben sich hohere Korrelationen in den Indizes, die nur geringe Unterschiede zwischen HAWIK-III und HAWIK-IV aufweisen. Dagegen zeigten diejenigen Indizes niedrigere Zusammenhange, bei denen einschneidende Veranderungen durch eine neue Untertestzusammensetzung vorgenommen wurden. Um dem Testanwender eine Richtlinie vorzugeben, welche HAWIK-IV-Werte zu erwarten sind, wenn die HAWIK-III-Ergebnisse vorliegen, wurden die erwarteten Werte und ihre Konfidenzintervalle berechnet und fur ausgewahlte IQ-Werte dargestellt. D.
Post-editing of machine translation: processes and applications, edited by Sharon O’Brian, Laura Winther Balling, Michael Carl, Michel Simard and Lucia Specia, Newcastle upon Tyne, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2014, 322 pp., £49.99 (hbk), ISBN 978-1-4438-5476-4

methods might not work for more conventional directors. Soledad Díaz Alarcón analyses discursive modes and orality in French crime writer Alain Demouzon’s Melchior. In summary, while there is much in this volume for scholars interested in the translation of crime fiction, it falls short of its back cover claim to be ‘a reference work for all researchers interested in the study of fictional dialogue and its translation in suspense novels and films’. For example, other than Ahmad Helmi’s essay and a mention in De Bonis’s chapter of Arabic dialogue in a Hitchcock film, this volume only discusses dialogue in, and translations between, European languages. This bias reflects the heavily European cast of editors and contributors: although no biographical details are given, it seems that over half are based in Spain and only three (of 20) currently work outside Europe. The volume cannot even position itself as a reference work on European crime fiction, since a single representative of the most striking phenomenon of the recent past – Scandinavian crime fiction – is briefly mentioned only in Seago’s chapter. Nevertheless, this volume does offer a valuable service by highlighting that much work still needs to be done in this field, including covering a broader geographical and cultural base and using new methodological approaches, such as distant reading of corpuses.
Basolateral Mg 2 / Na exchange regulates apical nonselective cation channel in sheep rumen epithelium via cytosolic Mg 2

Leonhard-Marek, Sabine, Friederike Stumpff, Inge Brinkmann, Gerhard Breves, and Holger Martens. Basolateral Mg / Na exchange regulates apical nonselective cation channel in sheep rumen epithelium via cytosolic Mg . Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 288: G630–G645, 2005. First published November 18, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00275. 2004. —High potassium diets lead to an inverse regulation of sodium and magnesium absorption in ruminants, suggesting some form of cross talk. Previous Ussing chamber experiments have demonstrated a divalent sensitive Na conductance in the apical membrane of ruminal epithelium. Using patch-clamped ruminal epithelial cells, we could observe a divalent sensitive, nonselective cation conductance (NSCC) with K permeability Cs permeability Na permeability. Conductance increased and rectification decreased when either Mg or both Ca and Mg were removed from the internal or external solution or both. The conductance could be blocked by Ba , but not by tetraethylammonium (TEA). Subsequently, we studied this conductance measured as shortcircuit current (Isc) in Ussing chambers. Forskolin, IBMX, and theophylline are known to block both Isc and Na transport across ruminal epithelium in the presence of divalent cations. When the NSCC was stimulated by removing mucosal calcium, an initial decrease in Isc was followed by a subsequent increase. The cAMP-mediated increase in Isc was reduced by low serosal Na and serosal addition of imipramine or serosal amiloride and depended on the availability of mucosal magnesium. Luminal amiloride had no effect. Flux studies showed that low serosal Na reduced Mg fluxes from mucosal to serosal. The data suggest that cAMP stimulates basolateral Na /Mg exchange, reducing cytosolic Mg. This increases sodium uptake through a magnesium-sensitive NSCC in the apical membrane. Likewise, the reduction in magnesium uptake that follows ingestion of high potassium fodder may facilitate sodium absorption, as observed in studies of ruminal osmoregulation. Possibly, grass tetany (hypomagnesemia) is a side effect of this useful mechanism.
What it is to be Good

If someone says ‘I'm good thank you! ’, usually in response to a polite ‘how are you,’ I am tempted, and often do, reply: ‘That's an interesting claim or hypothesis – how are we going to test it? ’ This paper is about testing that hypothesis, taken literally; the hypothesis that someone is good, how such a claim might be tested and what thinking about the exercise tells us about goodness and hence of course about how to increase goodness in the world and in people.
The Coevolving Web of Life(American Society of Naturalists Presidential Address)*

Coevolution—reciprocal evolutionary change in interacting species—is one of the central biological processes organizing the web of life, and most species are involved in one or more coevolved interactions. We have learned in recent years that coevolution is a highly dynamic process that continually reshapes interactions among species across ecosystems, creating geographic mosaics over timescales sometimes as short as thousands or even hundreds of years. If we take that as our starting point, what should we now be asking about the coevolutionary process? Here I suggest five major questions that we need to answer if we are to understand how coevolution shapes the web of life. How evolutionarily dynamic is specialization to other species, and what is the role of coevolutionary alternation in driving those dynamics? Does the geographic mosaic of coevolution shape adaptation in fundamentally different ways in different forms of interaction? How does the geographic mosaic of coevolution shape speciation? How does the structure of reciprocal selection change during the assembly of large webs of interacting species? How important are genomic events such as whole‐genome duplication (i.e., polyploidy) and whole‐genome capture (i.e., hybridization) in generating novel webs of interacting species? I end by suggesting four points about coevolution that we should tell every new student or researcher in biology.
HIF-1 suppresses lipid catabolism to promote cancer progression

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) promotes glycolysis in cancer cells, hence sustaining survival. We recently reported that HIF-1 suppresses fatty acid β-oxidation in malignant cells through medium- and long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases. This promotes tumor progression by controlling the level of reactive oxygen species and via crosstalk between metabolism and PTEN signaling.
Human Cerebral Activation during Steady-State Visual-Evoked Responses

Flicker stimuli of variable frequency (2-90 Hz) elicit a steady-state visual-evoked response (SSVER) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) with the same frequency as the stimulus. In humans, the amplitude of this response peaks at ∼15 Hz, decreasing at higher stimulation frequencies. It was not known whether this peak response corresponds to increased synaptic activity in the visual cortex or to other mechanisms [for instance, the temporal coherence (phase summation) of evoked responses]. We studied the SSVER in 16 normal volunteers by means of visual stimulation at 14 different frequencies (from 5 to 60 Hz) while recording the EEG. In nine subjects of the group, we measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron emission tomography (PET)-H215O at rest and during visual stimulation at five different frequencies: 5, 10, 15, 25, and 40 Hz. We confirmed that the amplitude of the SSVER in occipital regions peaks at 15 Hz stimulation. Applying to the PET rCBF data a contrast weighted by the amplitude of the SSVER, we determined that the primary visual cortex rCBF follows an activation pattern similar to the SSVER. This finding suggests that the amplitude of the SSVER corresponds to increased synaptic activity, specifically in Brodmann's area 17. Additionally, this study showed that visual stimulation at 40 Hz causes selective activation of the macular region of the visual cortex, and that a region in the dorsal aspect of the Crus I lobule of the left cerebellar hemisphere is activated during repetitive visual stimulation.
The ‘seeing‐leads‐to‐knowing’ deficit in autism: The Pratt and Bryant probe

This study retests the findings by Leslie & Frith (1988) and Perner, Frith, Leslie & Leekam (1989) that children with autism have a specific difficulty in understanding the principle that ‘seeing leads to knowing’. It extends the earlier work by including a control group of subjects with mental handicap, and by using a simpler method, derived from Pratt & Bryant (1990). Despite these modifications, a very similar result was found: while 75 per cent of the subjects with mental handicap passed this test, only 33 per cent of the subjects with autism did so. This more stringent retest suggests this result is robust.
Life-Cycle Consumption Under Social Interactions

Abstract In this paper we examine how social interactions affect consumption decisions at various levels of aggregation in a life-cycle economy made up of peer groups. For this purpose, we consider two analytically solvable life-cycle models, one under certainty equivalent behavior and one under prudence, and explicitly allow for three different forms of social interactions in peer groups, namely conformism, altruism, and jealousy. We show that whether social interactions have any effects on individuals’ optimal consumption decisions critically depends on intertemporal rather than static considerations. This is true regardless of whether individuals’ preferences are time separable or exhibit habit formation, and whether information within peer groups is homogeneous or disparate. It implies that analyzing the effects of social interactions in static rather than intertemporal settings is likely to be misleading. We also show that social interactions, when coupled with either habit formation or prudence, can significantly strengthen the effects of habit formation or prudence in the direction of resolving two well-known puzzles in the literature on the permanent income hypothesis, namely excess smoothness and excess sensitivity.
Desipramine Treatment for Cocaine Dependence: Role of Antisocial Personality Disorder

As a test of the efficacy of desipramine (DMI) in the treatment of cocaine dependence, 59 cocaine-dependent males, maintained on methadone for the treatment of opiate dependence, completed a 12-week, random-assignment, placebo-controlled trial of this medication. At the end of treatment, there were no overall differences between the placebo and DMI groups on a range of outcome measures, including urine toxicology tests. However, an interaction between psychiatric diagnosis and outcome was seen when the sample was divided into those with (51%) and those without (49%) antisocial personality disorder (ASP). Patients with ASP made few gains with either DMI or placebo. Those without ASP made a number of gains with DMI but not placebo, particularly in the areas of psychiatric symptoms, legal status, and family problems. DMI had a significant effect on the psychiatric symptoms and personal adjustment problems, but not the cocaine use, of non-antisocial cocaine abusers. The negative influence of ASP that has been seen in studies of psychosocial therapies for substance-use disorders may also apply to pharmacological therapies.
Gender Differences in Traumatic Grief Symptom Severity after the Loss of a Spouse

Gender differences in bereavement outcome have received much attention in bereavement research in the past decades. While many studies have focused on depressive symptomatology and/or normal grief reactions, little attention has been paid to gender differences in symptoms of pathological or traumatic grief (TG). In addition, few studies have investigated gender differences beyond the acute grieving period. In the present study, cross-sectional data were used to explore gender differences in the temporal course of TG symptomatology. Data were derived from 270 spousally bereaved individuals who filled in the Inventory of Traumatic Grief on the Internet. Analyses of variance were conducted to explore differences in TG symptoms over time and between widows and widowers. No differences were found between men and women on the TG symptoms or the TG summary score, on any of the observational time points. With regard to the temporal course of TG symptomatology, indications were found that symptoms of separation distress are likely to subside over the passage of time, while symptoms of traumatic distress are unlikely to do so.
Approximation Theory Applied to DEM Vertical Accuracy Assessment

Existing research on DEM vertical accuracy assessment uses mainly statistical methods, in particular variance and RMSE which are both based on the error propagation theory in statistics. This article demonstrates that error propagation theory is not applicable because the critical assumption behind it cannot be satisfied. In fact, the non‐random, non‐normal, and non‐stationary nature of DEM error makes it very challenging to apply statistical methods. This article presents approximation theory as a new methodology and illustrates its application to DEMs created by linear interpolation using contour lines as the source data. Applying approximation theory, a DEM's accuracy is determined by the largest error of any point (not samples) in the entire study area. The error at a point is bounded by max(|δnode|+M2h2/8) where |δnode| is the error in the source data used to interpolate the point, M2 is the maximum norm of the second‐order derivative which can be interpreted as curvature, and h is the length of the line on which linear interpolation is conducted. The article explains how to compute each term and illustrates how this new methodology based on approximation theory effectively facilitates DEM accuracy assessment and quality control.
Comparative Politics : Effects and Limits of Institutions ( ID 504 ) Title : Institutional Transfer from the European Unio Actors to Ukraine and Moldova : the Case of Hospital Design

This article presents the main points of my PhD res earch on institutional change in PostSoviet states. Looking at the case of the hospital design in Ukraine and Moldova, I examine the main actors and institutions that induced the p rocess of change following the Soviet Union's collapse. The article consists of two parts. First, I introdu ce the theoretical framework to study the postsoviet transformations. In line with the historical institutionalism, I present the hypothesis that both Ukraine and Moldova developed similar institut ional characteristics following their independence in 1991. The second hypothesis concern s the role of external actors in the observed changes. I challenge in particular the act ions of international companies. I use the Europeanization and institutional transfer concepts to explore these exogenous sources of change. Second, I analyse the design processes of two hospi tal modernisation projects in Ukraine and Moldova. In a comparative perspective, I present th e actors involved, the difficulties in modernising the hospital regarding the inherited pa ths as well as the solutions advanced in order to implement a change. An introduction to the se case studies will allow conducting an in-depth study of the involvement of international actors in the post-soviet transformations. This article examines the process of institutional change in post-soviet countries since 1991 to 2010. It uses the growing body of literature on his tor cal institutionalism, europeanisation and diffusion while exploring the presence of exogenous actors in the hospital design transformation in Moldova and Ukraine.
Knowledge spillovers: Evidence from regional high-tech industries of China

This paper examines the effect of knowledge spillovers on regional industries' knowledge output. The function of knowledge is proposed and applied to a panel dataset of five industries in 30 provincial units from 1996 to 2005. The estimates show that interindustry knowledge in own region as well as intra and interindustry knowledge in other regions play significantly positive impact on regional industries' knowledge output. The sales of new products (NP) increased by 0.13%, other industries' R & D increased by 1% in this region; The number of patent application as dependent variable, inter-industry and intra-industry knowledge spillovers in other regions promote this industry' knowledge output, whose elasticity is 0.44 and 0.17 respectively. Interindustry knowledge spillover and own R&D effects complement each other in promoting productivity.
Contrasting effects of alpha and beta globin regulatory elements on chromatin structure may be related to their different chromosomal environments.

Expression of the human alpha and beta globin gene clusters is regulated by remote sequences, referred to as HS ‐40 and the beta‐locus control region (beta‐LCR) that lie 5‐40 kb upstream of the genes they activate. Because of their common ancestry, similar organization and coordinate expression it has often been assumed that regulation of the globin gene clusters by HS ‐40 and the beta‐LCR occurs via similar mechanisms. Using interspecific hybrids containing chromosomes with naturally occurring deletions of HS ‐40 we have shown that, in contrast to the beta‐LCR, this element exerts no discernible effect on long‐range chromatin structure and in addition does not influence formation of DNase I hypersensitive sites at the alpha globin promoters. These differences in the behaviour of HS ‐40 and the beta‐LCR may reflect their contrasting influence on gene expression in transgenic mice and may result from the differing requirements of these elements in their radically different, natural chromosomal environments; the alpha cluster lying within a region of constitutively ‘open’ chromatin and the beta cluster in a segment of chromatin which opens in a tissue‐specific manner. Differences in the hierarchical control of the alpha and beta globin clusters may exemplify more general differences in the regulation of eukaryotic genes which lie in similar open or closed chromosomal regions.