Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exact Algorithms for Continuous Pricing with Advanced Discrete Choice Demand Models

We present the Breakpoint Exact Algorithm (BEA) together with a Spatial Branch and Bound (B&B), and Spatial Branch and Benders Decomposition (B&BD) approach to tackle the uncapacitated choice-based pricing problem (CPP) where demand is captured by a discrete choice model (DCM). Integrating advanced DCMs into optimization problems is challenging, due to the lack of closed-form probability expressions. We leverage problem characteristics to reformulate the state-of-the-art simulation-based formulation of the CPP as a mixed integer linear program (MILP) into a non-convex quadratically constrained quadratic program (QCQP), and then into a non-convex QCQP with linear objective (QCQP-L). We exploit utility breakpoints to develop the BEA, which scales polynomially in the number of customers and draws, along with an efficient Spatial Branch and Bound algo-rithm utilizing the McCormick envelope for relaxations, which are then solved using Benders decomposition. Our methods are evaluated against solving the MILP, QCQP, or QCQP-L with GUROBI, on a mixed logit parking space operator case study. We outspeed the state of the art by several orders of magnitude when optimizing one or two prices and reduce computational time drastically for larger numbers of prices. This methodology suits all choice-based optimization problems with linear-in-price utilities, given any random utility model.
E ﬀ ect of Lactose Pseudopolymorphic Transition on the Aerosolization Performance of Drug / Carrier Mixtures

: Physico-chemical properties of lactose are key factors in adhesive mixtures used as dry powder inhaler (DPI). Despite the abundant literature on this topic, the e ﬀ ect of the polymorphism and pseudo-polymorphism of lactose has been seldom investigated and discussed although often lactose used in DPI is subjected to unit operations, which may alter its solid-state properties. Here, we studied the aerosolization performance of salbutamol sulphate (SS) or budesonide (BUD) formulations by investigating the e ﬀ ect of lactose pseudopolymorphism in ternary (coarse lactose / ﬁne lactose / drug) and binary (coarse lactose / drug) mixtures. An improvement of the aerosolization performance of SS formulations with the increase of the amount of ﬁne micronized lactose up to 30% (ﬁne particle fraction (FPF) = 57%) was observed. Micronized lactose contained hygroscopic anhydrous α -lactose, which converted to α -lactose monohydrate at ambient conditions. This implied that the positive e ﬀ ect of ﬁnes on the aerosolization performance decreased and eventually disappeared with the formulation aging. Positive e ﬀ ect on SS deposition was observed also with binary mixtures with anhydrous lactose, whereas the opposite occurred with budesonide-containing formulations. The collected data demonstrated the crucial role of the carrier crystal form on the positive e ﬀ ect of ﬁnes on the deposition.
Acoustic Force Spectroscopy Reveals Subtle Differences in Cellulose Unbinding Behavior of Carbohydrate-Binding Modules

To rationally engineer more efficient cellulolytic enzymes for cellulosic biomass deconstruction into sugars for biofuels production, it is necessary to better understand the complex enzyme-substrate interfacial interactions. Carbohydrate binding modules (CBM) are often associated with microbial surface-tethered cellulosomal or freely secreted cellulase enzymes to increase substrate accessibility. However, it is not well known how CBM recognize, bind, and dissociate from polysaccharide surfaces to facilitate efficient cellulolytic activity due to the lack of mechanistic understanding of CBM-substrate interactions. Our work outlines a general approach to methodically study the unbinding behavior of CBMs from model polysaccharide surfaces using single-molecule force spectroscopy. Here, we apply acoustic force spectroscopy (AFS) to probe a Clostridium thermocellum cellulosomal scaffoldin protein (CBM3a) and measure its dissociation from nanocellulose surfaces at physiologically relevant, low force loading rates. An automated microfluidic setup and methodology for uniform deposition of insoluble polysaccharides on the AFS chip surfaces is demonstrated. The rupture forces of wild-type CBM3a, and its Y67A mutant, unbinding from nanocellulose surface suggests distinct CBM binding conformations that can also explain the improved cellulolytic activity of cellulase tethered to CBM. Applying established dynamic force spectroscopy theory, the single-molecule unbinding rate at zero force is extrapolated and found to agree well with bulk equilibrium unbinding rates estimated independently using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. However, our results highlight the limitations of applying classical theory to explain the highly multivalent CBM-cellulose interactions seen at higher cellulose-CBM bond rupture forces (>15pN). Significance Statement Cellulases are multi-modular enzymes produced by numerous microbes that catalyze cellulose hydrolysis into glucose. These enzymes play an important role in global carbon cycling as well as cellulosic biofuels production. CBMs are essential components of cellulolytic enzymes involved in facilitating hydrolysis of polysaccharides by tethered catalytic domains (CD). The subtle interplay between CBM binding and CD activity is poorly understood particularly for heterogeneous reactions at solid-liquid interfaces. Here, we report a highly multiplexed single-molecule force spectroscopy method to study CBM dissociation from cellulose to infer the molecular mechanism governing substrate recognition and dissociation. This approach can be broadly applied to study multivalent protein-polysaccharide binding interactions relevant to other carbohydrates such as starch, chitin, or hyaluronan to engineer efficient biocatalysts.
Electrospun Nano-and Micro ﬁ ber Mesh-Based Transducer for Electrochemical Biosensing Applications †

: Biosensors hold great promise as diagnostic devices that gain the information needed to discern between di ﬀ erent types and severities of infection. Accurate diagnostic information allows for appropriate antimicrobial usage, thereby bene ﬁ ting patient welfare and curbing the development of antimicrobial resistance. With these aims in mind, a nano-and micro ﬁ ber mesh-based transducer platform for use in aqueous media was developed. When used in an electrochemical cell, this transducer is able to distinguish between di ﬀ erent concentrations of phosphate-bu ﬀ ered saline in deionized water using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This transducer, when coupled with a biorecognition element, would serve as a new biosensor platform, to be employed as a diagnostic device that could be applied to various biological targets.
TagBreathe: Monitor Breathing with Commodity RFID Systems

Breath monitoring helps assess the general personal health and gives clues to chronic diseases. Yet current breath monitoring technologies are inconvenient and intrusive. For instance, typical breath monitoring devices need to attach nasal probes or chest bands to users. Wireless sensing technologies have been applied to monitor breathing using radio waves without physical contact. Those wireless sensing technologies however require customized radios which are not readily available. More importantly, due to interference, such technologies do not work well with multiple users. With multiple users in presence, the detection accuracy of existing systems decreases dramatically. In this paper, we propose to monitor users' breathing using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) RFID systems. In our system, passive lightweight RFID tags are attached to users' clothes and backscatter radio waves, and commodity RFID readers report low level data (e.g., phase values). We track periodic body movement due to inhaling and exhaling by analyzing the low level data reported by commodity readers. To enhance the measurement robustness, we synthesize data streams from an array of multiple tags to improve the monitoring accuracy. Our design follows the standard EPC protocol which arbitrates collisions in the presence of multiple tags. We implement a prototype the breath monitoring system with commodity RFID systems. The experiment results show that the prototype system can simultaneously monitor breathing with high accuracy even with the presence of multiple users.
Towards ML-based real-time traffic simulation

Real-time traffic simulation systems are of great relevance for forecasting traffic and operating traffic infrastructure, but they struggle when simulating huge networks, with a latency of a few minutes; not only do these simulation systems require accurate modelling of traffic demand, which takes up significant time and resources, but the continuous adjustments to rapidly changing traffic demand become unaffordable and often lead to a drop in the accuracy of the simulations. Conversely, machine learning models offer the ability, once trained, to provide quick predictions, and to progressively adapt themselves automatically by using online learning algorithms. This paper proposes a data-driven approach to building a machine learning model with the capacity to estimate the traffic flow in unobservable sections in real time by using the traffic flow of another set of observable sections in real time. The proposed approach is tested with three real scenarios in Sydney, Bergen and Wiesbaden, and compared against a simulation-based approach. Results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the simulation-based approach because it is better able to generalize when faced with changes in traffic demand.
La Comunicación en la Educación para la Salud = Communication in Health Education

Resumen : La comunicacion es una dimension constitutiva de los procesos de salud. Los primeros planteamientos concebian a la comunicacion en salud desde una perspectiva instrumental, que la concebia como un proceso de transmision unidireccional de informacion y conocimientos con fines educativos y persuasivos. En las ultimas decadas, esa concepcion de la comunicacion ha evolucionado en un sentido estrategico y relacional, centrada en los procesos de interaccion y construccion social de sentido basados en el reconocimiento de las particularidades sociales y culturales de los diferentes actores implicados en los procesos de salud. En este articulo el autor analiza esa evolucion de la comunicacion a traves de la experiencia de la Fundacion de Educacion para la Salud (FUNDADEPS). Palabras clave : Comunicacion, Salud, Educacion para la Salud, Promocion de la Salud, Informacion, Relaciones Abstract : Communication is a constitutive dimension of health processes. First approaches conceived health communication as an instrument, a process of unidirectional transmission of information and knowledge for educational and persuasive purposes. In recent decades, the concept of communication has evolved into a strategic and relational sense, focusing on the processes of interaction and social construction of meaning based on the recognition of the social and cultural characteristics of the various actors involved in health processes. In this article the author analyzes the evolution of communication through the experience of the Foundation for Health Education (FUNDADEPS). Keywords : Communication, Health, Health Education, Health Promotion, Information, Relationships
Suppression of Arctic air formation with climate warming : Investigation 1 with a 2-dimensional cloud-resolving model 2

Arctic climate change in winter is tightly linked to changes in the strength of surface temperature inversions, which occur frequently in the present climate as Arctic air masses form during polar night. Recent work has proposed that an increase in low clouds in a warmer climate could suppress formation of Arctic air masses, leading to amplified winter warming over continents and sea ice relative to open ocean. But this low-cloud insulation mechanism was proposed based on single-column simulations that did not allow for assessment of how fractional cloud cover might change in warmer climates. This paper examines the potential for suppression of Arctic air formation with climate warming, using a 2-dimensional cloud-resolving model with several different microphysics schemes. The cloud-resolving model supports the results of the single-column model: low cloud optical thickness and duration increase strongly with initial air temperature, slowing the surface cooling rate as the climate is warmed. The cloud-resolving model cools slightly less at the surface than the single-column model and is more sensitive to warmer initial states, because it allows for stronger lower-tropospheric mixing and distributes the cloud-top cooling over a deeper layer with a larger heat capacity. These findings support the hypothesis that increasing insulation of the high-latitude land surface by low clouds in a warmer world could act as a strong positive feedback in future climate change, and suggest studying the process of Arctic air formation in a 3-dimensional climate model as a productive future research direction. 14
Selective laser trabeculoplasty as a ﬁ rst-line therapy: a review

● RÉSUMÉ Poor adherence with glaucoma medications has been well documented. There remains a significant unmet need for a relatively safe intraocular pressure (IOP) – lowering procedure that minimizes or eliminates patient participation, and thus reduce the incidence of treatment failures attributable to nonadherence. Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) offers several advantages: It effectively reduces IOP in most patients with open-angle glaucoma, it is cost-effective compared with eye drops, it can be repeated if needed, and it eliminates the issue of adherence to medications when used as an initial treatment. This article reviews the evidence supporting the use of SLT as a first-line therapy in glaucoma. La piètre adhésion aux traitements du glaucome a été bien documentée. Il reste cependant un important besoin non satisfait de procédure relativement sure d ’ apaisement de pression intraoculaire (PIO) pour minimiser ou éliminer la participation du patient et réduire ainsi l ’ incidence des échecs thérapeutiques attribuables à la non observation. La trabéculoplastie au laser sélective (TLS) offre plusieurs avantages : elle réduit effectivement la PIO chez la plupart des patients ayant un glaucome à angle ouvert, elle est plus rentable comparativement aux gouttes ophtalmiques, elle peut être répétée au besoin et élimine le problème d ’ adhérence aux médicaments lorsqu ’ elle est utilisée comme premier traitement. Ce manuscrit revoit l ’ évidence supportant l ’ utilisation de la TLS comme premier traitement du glaucome.
A single qrr gene is necessary and sufﬁcient for LuxO-mediated regulation in Vibrio fischeri

Summary All members of the Vibrionaceae harbour LuxO, a response regulator that integrates outputs from various signalling systems, ultimately controlling speciﬁc traits that are crucial to the distinct biology of each species. LuxO is phosphorylated in response to low cell density, activating the transcription of a family of small RNAs called Qrrs, which in turn, control the levels of a global regulatory protein conserved within the Vibrionaceae . Although the function of each Qrr is similar, the number of qrr genes varies among the different species. Using a bioinformatics approach, we have determined the number of qrr genes in fully sequenced Vibrionaceae members. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the most recent common ancestor of all Vibrionaceae shared a single, ancestral qrr gene, which duplicated and diverged into multiple qrr genes in some present-day vibrio lineages. To demonstrate that a single qrr gene is sufficient to mediate repression of LitR, the global regulator in Vibrio ﬁscheri , we have performed a series of genetic and phenotypic analyses of the LuxO pathway and its output. Our studies contribute to a better understanding of the ancestral state of these pathways in vibrios, as well as to the evolution and divergence of other sRNAs within different bacterial lineages.
The Impact of Product Assortment Framing on The Attitude Toward Gift Set

The purpose of this paper is to study how consumers’ attitudes toward different types of product assortment and Unpacking Framing under the moderating effects of consumption situation, prior knowledge of products, and involvement. Results are based on a survey with 344 respondents. The results indicate that consumers favor a diverse product assortment over a simple one. Second, if the consumer buys the product as a gift, they favor a more diverse product assortment, however, if the consumer buys it to consume by themselves, diversification or simplification of product assortment does not matter. Third, in the case of diverse product assortment, consumer favors detailed message framing over comprehensive one. Fourth, in the case of high prior knowledge, the consumer favors a detailed description of the product. Furthermore, there is no such difference in the case of low prior knowledge.
THE MEDIATOR ROLE OF GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIGH TECHNOLOGY EXPORT AND COVERAGE RATIO

: Global Competitiveness Index, high technology exports and coverage ratio variables were used in the study. The effects of high technology exports on the Global Competitiveness Index and coverage ratio, and the effects of the Global Competitiveness Index on the coverage ratio were analysed. Positive effects of the analyses were observed. It is also assumed that the coverage ratio is one of the most important criteria of foreign trade performance. In the study, it is seen that the Global Competitiveness Index plays an intermediary role in the effect of technology exports on the coverage ratio. Therefore, the increase in the share of technology exports in total trade affects the coverage ratio through the partial effect of the Global Competitiveness level. Therefore, it is assumed that the technological infrastructure and competitiveness of countries will play a key role in improving foreign trade performance.
Marketing 4.0 to Improve the Positioning of the Optical Products of a Private Company, Trujillo, Peru

The objective of this research was to demonstrate to what extent marketing 4.0 improves the positioning of the optical products of the private company Visión D'luxe, Trujillo, it was applied, pre-experimental design, quantitative approach, hypothetical-inductive method, the population consisted of 35 customers who met 10 loyalty requirements. The sample was not required and sampling was not necessary. The unit of analysis was a loyal customer of the private company Visión D'luxe. The survey technique was applied and the questionnaire was used as an instrument. The results show that marketing 4.0 improved the positioning of the company's optical products. In addition, it was found that marketing 4.0 significantly improved the positioning in the dimensions: brand, quality, price and offer of the company Visión D'luxe. It was concluded that the application of marketing 4.0 tactics improved the positioning of the company's optical products, the applied statistical evidence Student's t (SPSS V.26 Software), resulted in all cases that the p-value was below the significance level (0.000 < 0.05), having obtained an excellent reliability of 0.771158 in the application of Cronbach's Alpha.
Empowering special students: Attitudes towards English for communication using "I-Pick" methods

The aim of this study was to identify the attitude of students with special educational needs (MBPK) towards learning based on the I-pick method in English for Communication. Pictorial Illustration (I-pick) is an innovative teaching method used in this study to improve English vocabulary proficiency among students with special educational needs (MBPK). This study uses the quantitative form of the survey method using questionnaires as an instrument of study. The data was analyzed on a descriptive basis, and the t-test test was used to strengthen the study data. Samples are intended to be used in this study. A total of six MBPK slow learner categories who attended the KSSMPK Form 1 class at SMK Jalan Paya Besar were selected as respondents. The findings showed that MBPK's attitude in the implementation of I-pick-based learning is positive (mean=4). 02, S.D. = 0. 909). This proves that the I-pick method has successfully increased MBPK's interest in learning English for Communication better. Finally, it can be concluded that a positive attitude towards English for Communication learning based on I-pick increased interest and improved English language ability among MBPK.
Assessment of antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening in leaf extract of Andrographis paniculate (Burm. f.) nees

Fresh Andrographis paniculata leaves were collected from a local herbal garden, Dehradun and leaves extract was prepared in methanol and ethanol solvent. The free radical scavenging activity of A. paniculata extract against 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical was determined with UV-vis spectrophotometer. The IC50 value of methanolic and ethanolic extract of the plant in DPPH was 394.81 and 401.46 μg/mL, while in vitamin C was 285.69 μg/mL. However, the IC50 value of the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical for methanolic extract was higher, 399.52 μg/mL than for ethanolic extract, 412.95 μg/mL. In conclusion, methanolic plant extracts were most potent against 50% inhibition and IC50 value and showed a good correlation with total phenolics content. Phyto-chemical analysis of the plant shows the presence of alkaloids, phenols, amino acids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. A. paniculata has strong antioxidant potential and contains a range of phytochemicals. Therefore, its effectiveness as a medical plant is due to the presence of various phenolics and antioxidant compounds in the plant.
Assessing the Economic Value of Beach Restoration: Case of Song-do Beach, Korea

ABSTRACT Chang, J.-I. and Yoon, S. , 2017. Assessing the economic value of beach restoration: Case of Song-do Beach, Korea. In: Lee, J.L. ; Griffiths, T. ; Lotan, A. ; Suh, K. -S. , and Lee, J. (eds.), The 2nd International Water Safety Symposium. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 79, pp. 6–10. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. In 1913, Song-do beach in Busan was declared the first official public beach in Korea. However, since the 1990s, erosion levels have increased and in 2003, Typhoon Maemi caused extensive damage to the beach and coastal road. It has taken several public restoration projects to restore the capacity of recreation and coastal protection. This study aims to analyze the economic benefits of the Song-do beach restoration by verifying benefit factors of the coastal erosion control and beach restoration, such as recreational services and various coastal ecosystem services. We applied a non-market valuation method, contingent valuation method, which allows the measuring of individual willingness to pay for the beach restoration project. The annual economic value of the restoration is estimated at 2,542 KRW (2.5 USD) per household and its total economic benefit is about 234.7 billion KRW (229.8 million USD). These findings have key implications for policymakers with quantitative information and decision makers related to beach restoration policies.
Gastronomic authenticity and sense of place

In the last years of ocean voyages to Europe, many Australians discovered the joys of French, Italian, Greek and other traditional cooking. Back home, they replaced plain recipe books with Continental. From the mid-1960s, they also dined in Australian cities at exotic restaurants. More recently culinary opinion-makers have celebrated the end to this 'culinary cringe'. Furthermore, they say that a modern Australian cuisine is sweeping the world.