Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A framework for preventing money laundering in banks

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to form a new framework for preventing money laundering by mapping COBIT (Control for Information and Related Technology) processes to COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organisation) components.Design/methodology/approach – First, a new framework for preventing money laundering in banks is formed by mapping COBIT to COSO. Further, the potential of the mapped framework to comply with the Bank Secrecy Act requirements is analysed.Findings – The mapped framework effectively supports all the activities of financial sectors through defining efficient information technology‐based processes and control methods. Information systems play a key role for financial sectors in producing financial statements, managing customer databases, detecting frauds, etc.Research limitations/implications – Case studies of banks of different sizes, and in different countries are needed. It is necessary to improve the mapped framework by considering Basel III regulations.Practical implications – CO.
Methylation patterns in 5′ terminal regions of pluripotency-related genes in mature bovine gametes

Summary Gametogenesis is associated with DNA methylation and involves complicated and delicate gene regulation network in which stem cell marker genes exert their functions. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate DNA methylation profiles of those genes in mature gametes that have an effect on embryo development. However, to date, there are limited data available on these genes in mature gametes of bovine. Here we show methylation profiles in 5′ terminal regions of five pluripotency-related genes (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, Rex1 and Fgf4) in bovine mature gametes, based on the reasoning that the five genes harbour CpG islands in their own 5′ terminal regions, which are frequently the targets of DNA methylation. The results showed that Oct4 and Fgf4 exhibited significant hypermethylation in sperm compared with that in oocytes (p < 0.01), while Sox2 and Nanog displayed relatively the same methylation levels between sperm and oocytes (p > 0.05). Additionally, Rex1 showed a relatively high methylation level in sperm than in oocytes, although no significant differences were found (p > 0.05). In conclusion, bovine mature gametes exhibited two methylation profiles in terms of the five genes, one being non-sex-specific and the other being sex-specific.
Pyramidal simplicial complexes

We propose a new mo{le] for Iepreseuting a liypersurface describing a scalar field in ally dimension at ,Iifferellt levels of detail. The model is based on a smluence of domain decompositions into simplicial complexes and integrates the modeling characteristics of simplicial complexes wit.11 tile versatility of a multilevel descriptiml. we I)leseIlt a (ha structure an(i algorithms for efficiently encoding a]k[l nmlli}>ulating such model The proposed (Iata structlwe is slwcifk for applications in which a “~loll-to~~ol{~gical” lelJlesrlltatioll is required. Such applications include vollunetric data visualization and geometric [Iuery processing.
Performance engineering of dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) using Ag modified titania as photoanode

Present work reports the fabrication of silver (Ag) modified titania photoanode as an efficient photoanode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Pristine and Ag modified Titania nanomaterials were prepared using sol gel method. The structural analyses confirm the high crystallinity of the samples with crystallite size distribution in nanorange. TEM micrograph confirms that the synthesized nanomaterials are in uniform size. A red shift is observed in the UV DRS spectra compared to pristine Titania and which confirm the incorporation of Ag inside titania. A prototype DSSC was fabricated using the pristine and modified Titania as photoanode, Ruthenium dye as sensitizer, I-/I-3 as redox electrolyte and platinum counter electrode. The cell with Ag modified titania photoanode showed 15 times enhanced photoconversion efficiency (PCE) than the pristine one. This improved performance of the Ag modified DSSC can be ascribed to reduced recombination and improved charge carrier transport of electrons/holes at the interfaces.
Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD): interexaminer reliability of the Finnish version of Axis I clinical diagnoses

Recently, updated diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) were published to assess TMD in a standardised way in clinical and research settings. The DC/TMD protocol has been translated into Finnish using specific cultural equivalency procedures. To assess the interexaminer reliability using the Finnish translations of the DC/TMD-FIN Axis I clinical diagnostic assessment instruments. Reliability assessment data were collected during a 1-day DC/TMD Examiner Training Course at the University of Turku, Finland, in collaboration with the International DC/TMD Training and Calibration Center in Malmö University. Clinical TMD examinations according to the Finnish pre-final version of the DC/TMD Axis I assessment protocol were performed by four experienced TMD specialists on altogether 16 models. Kappa coefficient, overall percentage agreement (%A) as well as positive (PA) and negative (NA) agreements were used to define the reliability. Myofascial pain with referral, headache attributed to TMD and disc displacement (DD) without reduction without limited opening showed excellent kappa values (range 0·87-1·00). Fair-to-good reliability was observed for diagnoses of myalgia (k = 0·67), arthralgia (k = 0·71) and DD with reduction (k = 0·64). The PA was high for all pain-related diagnoses and DD without reduction without limited opening (medians ≥83%), and acceptable for DD with reduction (median 67%). The NA was high (medians ≥87%) for all DC/TMD diagnoses, except for myalgia which showed acceptable NA (median 75%). The %A was high for all assessed diagnoses (medians >85%). The findings of this study showed DC/TMD-FIN Axis I to demonstrate sufficiently high reliability for pain-related TMD diagnoses.
Feature-based summary space for stochastic dialogue modeling with hierarchical semantic frames

In a spoken dialogue system, the dialogue manager needs to make decisions in a highly noisy environment, mainly due to speech recognition and understanding errors. This work addresses this issue by proposing a framework to interface efficient probabilistic modeling for both the spoken language understanding module and the dialogue management module. First hierarchical semantic frames are inferred and composed so as to build a thorough representation of the user’s utterance semantics. Then this representation is mapped into a feature-based summary space in which is defined the set of dialogue states used by the stochastic dialogue manager, based on the partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) paradigm. This allows a planning of the dialogue course taking into account the uncertainty on the current dialogue state and tractability is ensured by the use of an intermediate summary space. A preliminary implementation of such a system is presented on the MEDIA domain. The task is touristic information and hotel booking, and the availability of WoZ data allows to consider a model-based approach to the POMDP dialogue manager.
Monitoring and benchmarking population diet quality globally: a step‐wise approach

INFORMAS (International Network for Food and Obesity/non‐communicable diseases Research, Monitoring and Action Support) aims to monitor and benchmark the healthiness of food environments globally. In order to assess the impact of food environments on population diets, it is necessary to monitor population diet quality between countries and over time. This paper reviews existing data sources suitable for monitoring population diet quality, and assesses their strengths and limitations. A step‐wise framework is then proposed for monitoring population diet quality. Food balance sheets (FBaS), household budget and expenditure surveys (HBES) and food intake surveys are all suitable methods for assessing population diet quality. In the proposed ‘minimal’ approach, national trends of food and energy availability can be explored using FBaS. In the ‘expanded’ and ‘optimal’ approaches, the dietary share of ultra‐processed products is measured as an indicator of energy‐dense, nutrient‐poor diets using HBES and food intake surveys, respectively. In addition, it is proposed that pre‐defined diet quality indices are used to score diets, and some of those have been designed for application within all three monitoring approaches. However, in order to enhance the value of global efforts to monitor diet quality, data collection methods and diet quality indicators need further development work.
The complexity of stochastic sequences

We observe that known results on the Kolmogorov complexity of prefixes of effectively stochastic sequences extend to corresponding random sequences. First, there are recursively random sequences such that for any nondecreasing and unbounded computable function f and for almost all n, the uniform complexity of the length n prefix of the sequence is bounded by f(n). Second, a similar result with bounds of the form f(n) log n holds for partially-recursive random sequences. Furthermore, we show that there is no Mises-Wald-Church stochastic sequence such that the prefixes of the sequence have Kolmogorov complexity O(log n). This result implies a sharp bound for the complexity of the prefixes of Mises-Wald-Church stochastic and of partially-recursive random sequences. As an immediate corollary to our results, we obtain the known separation of the classes of recursively random and of Mises-Wald-Church stochastic sequences.
Electrical, Morphological and Thermal Properties of Microinjection Molded Polypropylene/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites

Abstract A series of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PP/CNT) nanocomposites were prepared by masterbatch dilution, then followed by microinjection molding under a defined set of processing conditions. A micropart (μ-part) which has a three-step decrease in thickness along the flow direction was fabricated to study the effect of abrupt geometrical changes in mold cavities on the distribution of CNT in PP. To facilitate characterization, the μ-parts were divided into three sections based on thickness. The distribution of CNT within each section of subsequent μ-parts was evaluated by morphological observations and electrical resistivity measurements. In addition, the thermal properties of pure PP and PP/CNT nanocomposites as well as each section of subsequent μ-parts, were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis.
Activation of the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase-Akt-Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway Is Required for Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-Dependent Long-Term Depression

Hippocampal long-term depression (LTD) is a long-lasting decrease in synaptic strength that is most commonly studied at glutamatergic inputs to pyramidal cells in hippocampal area CA1. Activation of G-protein-coupled group I (including types 1 and 5) metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) by the pharmacological agonist (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) elicits LTD in area CA1 of the hippocampus. Recent reports have shown that de novo protein synthesis is necessary for DHPG-induced LTD. However, relatively little is known about the signaling pathways that couple mGluRs to translation initiation. In this study, we investigated whether the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which has been shown to regulate translation initiation, is necessary for mGluR-LTD induced by DHPG. We found that brief incubations of mouse hippocampal slices with DHPG resulted in increased phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR in hippocampal area CA1. Two structurally unrelated PI3K inhibitors, LY294002 and wortmannin, blocked the DHPG-induced increases in phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR. Biochemical fractionation studies showed that the DHPG-induced increase in the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR could be detected in synaptoneurosome preparations, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that similar increases could be detected in both stratum pyramidale and stratum radiatum in area CA1. Finally, we observed that both PI3K inhibitors and rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, prevented mGluR-LTD induced by DHPG. Together, our findings indicate that activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling cascade is required for mGluR-LTD and suggest that this pathway may couple group I mGluRs to translation initiation in hippocampal area CA1.
Residual gas expulsion from young globular clusters

The results of N-body simulations of the expulsion of residual gas from young globular clusters are presented. Globular clusters with a variety of initial masses, Galactocentric radii, concentration and initial mass function slope with star formation efficiencies (SFEs) below 50% were investigated. The residual gas in the clusters was simply treated as an external potential acting upon the star particles which was reduced in a number of ways to simulate the loss of the gas. The states of the clusters after ~50 Myr was compared to the results of Chernoff & Shapiro (1987) in order to estimate if the clusters would be able to survive for a Hubble time or would be disrupted. The rapid expulsion of large amounts of a cluster's initial mass is found to considerably effect the structures of clusters, but they may be able to survive with SFEs far lower than 50%. It is suggested that the Galactic globular cluster population could have formed from a proto-cluster populations with SFEs ~40% and central densities approximately the same as those found in giant molecular clouds.
Detection and Extraction of P Wave and T Wave in ECG to Improve Sensitivity for E-Health

An Electro Cardio Gram (ECG) signal contains PQRS and T waves. The process is to extract the P and T waves with the help of wavelet transform. The Difficult for physicians to manually analyse and to extract the features and also it is a time consuming process. Therefore, the developed algorithm can be used to automatically extract features from ECG signal which reduces the time and increases the accuracy. Determining the position of P and T wave is complicated due to its low amplitude. The extreme of the signal before and after zero crossings about QRS complex denotes the P and T waves. The detected zero crossings of the signal about the P and T p`eaks are the onset and offset points of the waves respectively. Wavelet transform is an effective tool for analysing the transient signals. An algorithm is developed to preprocess and to automatically extract the features from ECG signal based on Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The algorithm can be improve the accuracy of the analysis can increased and the analysis time of an ECG signal can be reduced. So that finally can able to improve the sensitivity and positive prediction of ECG signal
Characterization of nanostructured semiconductors by ultrafast luminescence imaging

Single nanostructures are predicted to be the building blocks of next generation devices and have already been incorporated into prototypes for solar cells, biomedical devices and lasers. Their role in such applications requires a fundamental understanding of their opto-electronic properties and in particular the charge carrier dynamics occurring on an ultrafast timescale. Luminescence detection is a common approach used to investigate electronic properties of nanostructures because of the contact-less nature of these methods. They are, however, often not equipped to efficiently measure multiple single nanostructures nor do they have the temporal resolution necessary for observing femtosecond dynamics. This dissertation intends to address this paucity of techniques available for the contact-less measurement of single nanostructures through the development of an ultrafast wide-field Kerr-gated microscope system and measurement technique. The setup, operational in both the steady state and transient mode and capable of microscopic and spectroscopic measurements, was developed to measure the transient luminescence of single semiconductor nanostructures. With sub micron spatial resolution and the potential to achieve a temporal resolution greater than 90 fs, the system was used to probe the charge carrier dynamics at multiple discrete locations on single nanowires exhibiting amplified spontaneous emission. Using a rate model for amplified spontaneous emission, the transient emission data was fitted to extract the values of the competing Shockley-Read-Hall, non-geminate and Auger recombination constants. The capabilities of the setup were first demonstrated in the visible detection range, where single nanowires of the ternary alloy CdSxSe1−x were measured. The temporal emission dynamics at two separate locations were compared and calculation of the Langevin mobility revealed that the large carrier densities generated in the nanowire allows access to non-diffusion controlled recombination. In the
Figures of merit to characterize the importance of on-chip inductance

A closed form solution for the output signal of a CMOS inverter driving an RLC transmission line is presented. This solution is based on the alpha power law for deep submicrometer technologies. Two figures of merit are presented that are useful for determining if a section of interconnect should be modeled as either an RLC or an RC impedance. The damping factor of a lumped RLC circuit is shown to be a useful figure of merit. The second useful figure of merit considered in this paper is the ratio of the rise time of the input signal at the driver of an interconnect line to the time of flight of the signals across the line, AS/X circuit simulations of an RLC transmission line and a five section RC II circuit based on a 0.25 /spl mu/m IBM CMOS technology are used to quantify and determine the relative accuracy of an RC model. One primary result of this study is evidence demonstrating that a range for the length of the interconnect exists for which inductance effects are prominent. Furthermore, it is shown that under certain conditions, inductance effects are negligible despite the length of the section of interconnect.
Transposable element distributions in Drosophila.

S URVEYS of transposable elements (TEs) in populations of Drosophila melanogaster have shown that the frequencies of elements at individual sites within the genome are nearly always very low. Detailed statistical studies of element distributions indicate that selection must be acting to oppose the transpositional spread of elements (CHARLESWORTH and LANGLEY 1991; BIEMONT 1992). While this conclusion seems to be widely accepted, the nature of the selective agent is still a matter for debate (CHARLESWORTH et al. 1994b). Two main possibilities have been widely discussed in the older literature (i) selection against the deleterious fitness effects of mutations caused by TE insertions into or near genes and (ii) selection against chromosomal rearrangements caused by ectopic recombination between homologous TEs inserted into n nhomologous chromosomal locations ( CHARLESWORTH and LANGLEY 1991). It has also recently been suggested that the spread of some rapidly transposing elements may be contained as a result of deleterious effects on fitness that are directly caused by processes associated with transposition events (BROOKFIELD 1991,1996; NUHZDIN et al. 1996). HOOGLAND and BIEMONT (1996) have recently reanalyzed some data sets on element distributions derived by in situ hybridization of TE probes to chromosomes isolated from populations of D. melanogaster. They concluded that their results support mechanism (i) and are inconsistent with (ii). Their main argument is that the ectopic exchange model predicts a negative correlation between element abundance in a given region of the genome and the rate of meiotic recombination in this region (LANGLEY et al. 1988). They failed to find a consistent pattern of such negative correlations for the elements included in their survey (which are a subset of those for which data are available). We question this conclusion, for the following reasons. First, it ignores the shortcomings inherent in mechanism (i) as the sole force for containing the
Development of input connections in neural cultures

We introduce an approach for the quantitative assessment of the connectivity in neuronal cultures, based on the statistical mechanics of percolation on a graph. This allows us to monitor the development of the culture and to see the emergence of connectivity in the network. The culture becomes fully connected at a time equivalent to the expected time of birth. The spontaneous bursting activity that characterizes cultures develops in parallel with the connectivity. The average number of inputs per neuron can be quantitatively determined in units of m0, the number of activated inputs needed to excite the neuron. For m0 ≃ 15 we find that hippocampal neurons have on average ≈60–120 inputs, whereas cortical neurons have ≈75–150, depending on neuronal density. The ratio of excitatory to inhibitory neurons is determined by using the GABAA antagonist bicuculine. This ratio changes during development and reaches the final value at day 7–8, coinciding with the expected time of the GABA switch. For hippocampal cultures the inhibitory cells comprise ≈30% of the neurons in the culture whereas for cortical cultures they are ≈20%. Such detailed global information on the connectivity of networks in neuronal cultures is at present inaccessible by any electrophysiological or other technique.
Psychotherapy in historical perspective

This article will briefly explore some of the ways in which the past has been used as a means to talk about psychotherapy as a practice and as a profession, its impact on individuals and society, and the ethical debates at stake. It will show how, despite the multiple and competing claims about psychotherapy’s history and its meanings, historians themselves have, to a large degree, not attended to the intellectual and cultural development of many therapeutic approaches. This absence has the potential consequence of implying that therapies have emerged as value-free techniques, outside of a social, economic and political context. The relative neglect of psychotherapy, by contrast with the attention historians have paid to other professions, particularly psychiatry, has also underplayed its societal impact. This article will foreground some of the instances where psychotherapy has become an object of emerging historical interest, including the new research that forms the substance of this special issue of History of the Human Sciences.