Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New Mutation-Profile-Based Method for Understanding the Evolution of Cancer Somatic Mutations

These authors have contributed equally to this work. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was. Abstract Human genes perform different functions and exhibit different effects on fitness in cancer and normal cell populations. Here, we present an evolutionary approach to measuring the selective pressure on human genes in cancer and normal cell genomes using the well-known dN/dS (nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution rate) ratio. We develop a new method called the mutation-profile-based Nei-Gojobori (mpNG) method, which applies sample-specific nucleotide substitution profiles instead of conventional substitution models to calculating dN/dS ratios in cancer and normal populations. Using 7,042 exome sequences from tumor-normal pairs, and germline variations from 6,500 exome sequences (ESP6500) as references, we found a significant relaxation of selective constraint for human genes in cancer cells. Compared with previous studies that focused on positively selected genes in cancer genomes, which potentially represent the driving force behind tumor initiation and development, we employed an alternative approach to identifying cancer constrained genes that strengthen negative selection pressure in tumor cells. As a conservative estimate of positively and negatively selected genes in cancer, we found 45 genes under intensified positive selection and 16 genes under strengthened purifying selection in cancer cells compared with germline cells. The cancer-specific positively selected genes are enriched for cancer genes and human essential genes, while several cancer-specific negatively selected genes have been reported as prognostic biomarkers for cancers. Therefore, our computation pipeline used to identify cancer positively and negatively genes may provide useful information for understanding the evolution of. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was. 3 cancer somatic mutations. Evolution. CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was .
Querying Linked Geospatial Data with Incomplete Information

Linked geospatial data has recently received attention, as researchers and practitioners have started tapping the wealth of geospatial information available on the Web. Incomplete geospatial information, although appearing often in the applications captured by such datasets, is not represented and queried properly due to the lack of appropriate data models and query languages. We discuss our recent work on the model RDF i , an extension of RDF with the ability to represent property values that exist, but are unknown or partially known, using constraints, and an extension of the query language SPARQL with qualitative and quantitative geospatial querying capabilities. We demonstrate the usefulness of RDF i in geospatial Semantic Web applications by giving examples and comparing the modeling capabilities of RDF i with the ones of related Semantic Web systems.
Providing a Sliced, Secure, and Isolated Software Infrastructure of Virtual Functions Through Blockchain Technology

Network slicing, network function virtualization (NFV), and software defined network (SDN) technologies provide agile on-demand end-to-end services. The identification of a faulty virtual function becomes mandatory because services allocate resources across a distributed and trustless environment composed by multi-tenant competing service providers. In this paper, we propose and develop a blockchain-based architecture to provide auditability to orchestration operations of network slices and to provide secure VNF configuration updates while ensuring isolation and privacy between network slices. A proof of concept prototype using the Hyperledger Fabric platform was developed in which network slice runs on an isolated channel. The results show that we can secure a network slice creation, but that the consensus and the number of transaction required by the slices are a great challenge.
The Fornax spectroscopic survey - Low Surface Brightness galaxies in Fornax

The Fornax Spectroscopic Survey is a large optical spectroscopic survey of all 14 000 objects with 16.5 < B-J < 19.7 in a 12 deg(2) area of sky centered on the Fornax Cluster. We are using the 400-fibre Two Degree Field spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope: the multiplex advantage of this system allows us to observe objects conventionally classified as "stars" as well as "galaxies". This is the only way to minimise selection effects caused by image classification or assessing cluster membership.In this paper we present the first measurements of low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies we have detected both in the Fornax Cluster and among the background field galaxies. The new cluster members include some very low luminosity (M-B approximate to -11.5 mag) dwarf ellipticals, whereas the background LSB galaxies are luminous (-19.6 < M-B < -17.0 mag) disk-like galaxies.
SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS IN MICROWAVE-LASER HYBRIDIZATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO CERAMICS SINTERING

Sintering of zirconia (3Y-TZP) and ZnO pellets using laser-microwave hybrid technique has been achieved using a Nd-YAG laser and 1 kW kitchen microwave facility. Extensive timetemperature studies reveal that laser and microwave energies synergize to generate an intense plasma on the pellet surface only beyond the critical preheat temperature (Tc). In the case of 3YTZP and ZnO, the Tc value lie around 1100C. Best conditions for sintering in these materials have been achieved only after several trial and error procedures and the conditions are 90W-10J/p-10Hz for 3Y-TZP and 35W-1J/p-50Hz for ZnO for a microwave preheat temperature of 1200C. Laser powers higher than this have led to severe internal crackings while lower laser powers did not produce a significant synergistic effect. The microstructure obtained from the cross-sectional area of the laser-microwave hybrid sintered 3Y-TZP pellet revealed a finely distributed nanograin microstructure with almost no grain growth. In the case of ZnO, top surface microstructure showed grain size variation with laser beam distribution. This ultra-rapid sintering procedure could be beneficial for sintering applications wherein a minimal grain growth is required.
Block Based Execution and Task LevelParallelismRichard

A xed-length block-based instruction set architecture (ISA) based on dataaow techniques is described. This ISA is the compared and contrasted to those of more conventional architectures and other developmental architectures. A control mechanism to allow blocks to be executed in parallel, so that the original control ow is maintained, is presented. A brief description of the hardware required to realize this mechanism is given.
Won't Take No for an Answer: Resource-Driven Requirements Adaptation

Adaptive composition dynamically and opportunistically uses and combines resources to best satisfy user requirements. However, when available resources cannot satisfy those requirements, no guidance or alternative options are offered by existing composition solutions. In this paper we address this issue by presenting an approach that tries to find substitutions for unavailable resources while satisfying the initial requirements. If no satisfactory substitutions are found, the requirements are adapted based on the resources available. Given that such requirements adaptation might be unbounded, we limit the search space guided by the available resources. Our approach ensures that alternative compositions given to users are achievable using available resources. We demonstrate the validity of our approach by implementing a prototype tool and applying it to support individuals in meal planning to reduce food waste.
Subband Kalman filtering for speech enhancement

Kalman filtering is an effective speech-enhancement technique, in which speech signals are usually modeled as autoregressive (AR) processes and represented in the state-space domain. Since AR coefficients identification and Kalman filtering require extensive computations, real-time implementation of this approach is difficult. This paper proposes a simple and practical scheme that overcomes these obstacles. Speech signals are first decomposed into subbands. Subband speech signals are then modeled as low-order AR processes, such that low-order Kalman filters can be applied. Enhanced fullband speech signals are finally obtained by combining the enhanced subband speech signals. To identify AR coefficients, prediction-error filters adapted by the LMS algorithm are applied. Due to noisy inputs, the LMS algorithm converges to biased solutions. The performance of the Kalman filter with biased parameters is analyzed. It is shown that accurate estimates of AR coefficients are not required when the driving-noise variance is properly estimated. New methods for making such estimates are proposed. Thus, we can tolerate biased AR coefficients and take advantage of the LMS algorithm's simple structure. Simulation results show that speech enhancement in the subband domain not only greatly reduces the computational complexity, but also achieves better performance compared to that in the fullband domain.
RIM Binding Proteins ( RBPs ) Couple Rab 3-Interacting Molecules ( RIMs ) to Voltage-Gated Ca 2

2؉ Channels cytosis (reviewed in Geppert and Sü dhof, 1998). In its GTP bound form, Rab3 is associated with synaptic vesi-cles as well as with rabphilin, Noc2, and RIM1. Because RIM1 is specifically associated with the synaptic plasma membrane at the active zone, it may act as a regulator of vesicle fusion by inducing the formation of a GTP-dependent complex between synaptic vesicles and the New York, New York 10021 plasma membrane (Wang et al., 1997). Hair cells and photoreceptors ordinarily do not produce action potentials, so their afferent synapses re-Summary lease transmitter in response to graded receptor potentials. Because at threshold these signals are smaller than Ca 2؉ influx through voltage-gated channels initiates the 1 mV, the vesicle-release machinery must be especially exocytotic fusion of synaptic vesicles to the plasma sensitive. The afferent synapses of hair cells are also membrane. Here we show that RIM binding proteins unusual in that those in the auditory system can transmit (RBPs), which associate with Ca 2؉ channels in hair information at frequencies as great as 10 kHz, whereas cells, photoreceptors, and neurons, interact with ␣ 1D those in the vestibular system can signal steady acceler-(L type) and ␣ 1B (N type) Ca 2؉ channel subunits. RBPs ations indefinitely. Photoreceptors, too, are required to contain three Src homology 3 domains that bind to release neurotransmitter continuously in darkness. Pre-proline-rich motifs in ␣ 1 subunits and Rab3-interacting sumably to facilitate their particular functions, the affer-molecules (RIMs). Overexpression in PC12 cells of fu-ent synapses of receptor cells are morphologically spe-sion proteins that suppress the interactions of RBPs cialized. Each presynaptic active zone in a hair cell with RIMs and ␣ 1 augments the exocytosis triggered comprises a spherical or ovoid dense body, surrounded by depolarization. RBPs may regulate the strength of by a halo of lucent synaptic vesicles, and apposed to a synaptic transmission by creating a functional link be-prominent presynaptic membrane density (Hama, 1980). tween the synaptic-vesicle tethering apparatus, which In a photoreceptor, vesicles are instead packed against includes RIMs and Rab3, and the fusion machinery, a broad, flattened synaptic ribbon (Zenisek et al., 2000). which includes Ca 2؉ channels and the SNARE complex. Although the biochemical features of synapses in sensory receptors must be adapted for the cells' specialized Introduction roles, little is known about the molecular constituents of the presynaptic active zones in these cells. In both hair The secretion of neurotransmitters …
elamination wear of nano-diamond coated cutting tools in omposite machining

Nanostructured diamond (nano-diamond) coated cutting tools have a potential to supplant costly polycrystalline diamond tools. However, coating delaminations remain the primary wear mode that often results in catastrophic tool failures. Studying tool wear will help to understand machining parameter effects on coating delaminations. Moreover, monitoring coating delamination events can prevent production loss and assist process planning. In this study, nano-diamond coated cutting tools were investigated in machining aluminium matrix composites. Outside-diameter turning with a wide range of cutting conditions was conducted. Tool flank wear-land was periodically measured by optical microscopy and worn tools were examined using scanning electron microscopy. A dynamometer and an acoustic emission (AE) sensor were also used to monitor tool conditions during machining operations. The results are summarized as follows. (1) Tool wear evolutions include a low wear rate followed by an abrupt increase of flank wear due to coating delaminations. Such behaviour is consistent in all machining conditions tested. (2) Once coating is delaminated, cutting forces increase sharply along cutting with a high level of dynamic forces, especially for the radial and axial components. (3) AE signals including raw data, root-mean-square (RMS) values, and frequency responses all show distinct features before and after coating delaminations. Significant conclusions drawn from this study include the following. (1) The feed has a more dominant effect on cutting durations prior to coating delaminations because of the increased mechanical load. (2) Nano-diamond coating tools have greater coating delamination wear resistance than conventional -coa ed by microcrystalline diamond occur, which are recogniz
Part-Based and Configural Processing of Owner's Face in Dogs

Dogs exhibit characteristic looking patterns when looking at human faces but little is known about what the underlying cognitive mechanisms are and how much these are influenced by individual experience. In Experiment 1, seven dogs were trained in a simultaneous discrimination procedure to assess whether they could discriminate a) the owner's face parts (eyes, nose or mouth) presented in isolation and b) whole faces where the same parts were covered. Dogs discriminated all the three parts of the owner's face presented in isolation, but needed fewer sessions to reach the learning criterion for the eyes than for both nose and mouth. Moreover, covering the eyes region significantly disrupted face discriminability compared to the whole face condition while such difference was not found when the nose or mouth was hidden. In Experiment 2, dogs were presented with manipulated images of the owner's face (inverted, blurred, scrambled, grey-scale) to test the relative contribution of part-based and configural processing in the discrimination of human faces. Furthermore, by comparing the dogs enrolled in the previous experiment and seven ‘naïve’ dogs we examined if the relative contribution of part-based and configural processing was affected by dogs' experience with the face stimuli. Naïve dogs discriminated the owner only when configural information was provided, whereas expert dogs could discriminate the owner also when part-based processing was necessary. The present study provides the first evidence that dogs can discriminate isolated internal features of a human face and corroborate previous reports of salience of the eyes region for human face processing. Although the reliance on part-perception may be increased by specific experience, our findings suggest that human face discrimination by dogs relies mainly on configural rather than on part-based elaboration.
Real-Time RF Exposure Setup Based on a Multiple Electrode Array (MEA) for Electrophysiological Recording of Neuronal Networks

Real-time investigations on the effects of mobile-phone exposure on neuronal activity are considered the highest priority in the health risk assessment of RF fields. Therefore, this paper describes a new real-time exposure setup for electrophysiology recordings, combining an open transverse electro-magnetic cell with a multiple electrode array. The system was numerically and experimentally characterized at a frequency of 1.8 GHz, representative of the uplink band of the GSM1800. Finite-difference time-domain simulations were performed, as well as measurements of the S11 scattering parameter and temperature increases for specific absorption rate (SAR) determination. The local mean SAR value near the solution-electrodes interface was evaluated from the temperature measurements and coincided with the simulated one. The same is true for S11 measurements that were consistent with numerical results; hence, confirming the accuracy of the modeling. Nevertheless, nonuniform SAR distributions were observed near the recording electrodes. Good system efficiency was determined from both numerical analysis and experimental data. Thermal behavior was evaluated and a small temperature increment of 0.3°C for a local experimental SAR of 3.2 W/kg was measured.
Mining User-Generated Financial Content to Predict Stock Price Movements

Sentiment extraction from user-generated online content to predict stock price movements has become an active research field. This paper gives an overview of common approaches to this topic and analyzes the content generated by the financial social network Seekingalpha.com. The first finding is that a large proportion of users’ attention is focused on only a few stocks. Regarding these stocks it can be shown that sentiment is significantly driven by past abnormal performance. Only the sentiment of premium users contains some degree of predictive power. Generally, the users’ sentiment is consistent with a naive momentum mentality.
Methods to Reduce Forest Residue Volume after Timber Harvesting and Produce Black Carbon

Forest restoration often includes thinning to reduce tree density and improve ecosystem processes and function while also reducing the risk of wildfire or insect and disease outbreaks. However, one drawback of these restoration treatments is that slash is often burned in piles that may damage the soil and require further restoration activities. Pile burning is currently used on many forest sites as the preferred method for residue disposal because piles can be burned at various times of the year and are usually more controlled than broadcast burns. In many cases, fire can be beneficial to site conditions and soil properties, but slash piles, with a large concentration of wood, needles, forest floor, and sometimes mineral soil, can cause long-term damage. We describe several alternative methods for reducing nonmerchantable forest residues that will help remove excess woody biomass, minimize detrimental soil impacts, and create charcoal for improving soil organic matter and carbon sequestration.
Toward the integration of classification theory and methods.

Although various criteria have been proposed for the evaluation of psychiatric classifications, there is need for an integrated paradigm. This article presents such a framework based on the principles of construct validation. Emphasis is placed on the continual interplay between theory development and empirical analyses. First, the theory formulation component involves specification of the theoretical types and their functional linkages. Then, the internal validation component entails development of an empirical typology followed by an evaluation of its reliability, coverage, homogeneity, and robustness. Finally, the external validation component evaluates predictive validity with respect to treatment outcome, clinical meaningfulness of the diagnostic categories, descriptive validity, and generalizability of the typology to other populations. This framework is used to evaluate (a) the new diagnostic system (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Ill) developed by the American Psychiatric Association, (b) recent classifications of psychopathology that were derived using empirical clustering methods, and (c) classifications of behavioral disorders that have an explicit theoretical basis. A key challenge for the scientific understanding of abnormal behavior is to achieve a synergism between theory formulation and empirical classification methods.
FEDSM-ICNMM 2010-30758 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE VORTEX SHEDDING IN THE WAKE OF OBLIQUE AND BLUNT TRAILING EDGE HYDROFOILS USING PIV-POD

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the vortex shedding in the wake of blunt and oblique trailing edge hydrofoils at high Reynolds number, Re=5 10 5 2.9 10 . The velocity field in the wake is surveyed with the help of ParticleImage-Velocimetry, PIV, using Proper-OrthogonalDecomposition, POD. Besides, flow induced vibration measurements and high-speed visualization are performed. The high-speed visualization clearly shows that the oblique trailing edge leads to a spatial phase shift of the upper and lower vortices at their generation stage, resulting their partial cancellation. For the oblique trailing edge geometry and in comparison with the blunt one, the vortex-induced vibrations are significantly reduced. Moreover, PIV data reveals a lower vorticity for the oblique trailing edge. The phase shift between upper and lower vortices, introduced by the oblique truncation of the trailing edge, is found to vanish in the far wake, where alternate shedding is recovered as observed with the blunt trailing edge. The phase shift generated by the oblique trailing edge and the resulting partial cancellation of the vortices is believed to be the main reason of the vibration reduction. NOMENCLATURE
Mobile Phone Usage Survey among Students and Staffs of Universities Using Data Mining Technique

: Data mining refers to extracting knowledge from large amount of data. Real life data mining approaches are interesting because they often present a different set of problems for data miners. Here the Study explored the extent of various mobile phone model and service providers usage among Students and staffs of various colleges and Universities in Kanchipuram. The analysis had been carried out by using a survey dataset and using the J48 decision tree algorithm implemented in Weka. The WEKA (Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis) system provides a Comprehensive suite of facilities for applying data mining techniques to large data sets. Additionally, the study determined Gender differences in Mobile Phone usage and duration details, Purpose of Mobile Phone usage, problems dealing with Mobile Phone, Satisfaction of the service provider, Type of service in terms of prepaid and post paid and General opinion of the respondents about MP. The data has collected from various colleges and universities in Kanchipuram, from the huge dataset the sample of (N= 158) Including Students and Staffs chosen randomly from SCSVMV university in 2011(Nov-Mar) for this study. The Method of Data collection was a questionnaire developed by the researcher.