Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The accuracy and precision of DXA for assessing body composition in team sport athletes

Abstract This study determined the precision of pencil and fan beam dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) devices for assessing body composition in professional Australian Football players. Thirty-six professional Australian Football players, in two groups (fan DXA, N = 22; pencil DXA, N = 25), underwent two consecutive DXA scans. A whole body phantom with known values for fat mass, bone mineral content and fat-free soft tissue mass was also used to validate each DXA device. Additionally, the criterion phantom was scanned 20 times by each DXA to assess reliability. Test–retest reliability of DXA anthropometric measures were derived from repeated fan and pencil DXA scans. Fat-free soft tissue mass and bone mineral content from both DXA units showed strong correlations with, and trivial differences to, the criterion phantom values. Fat mass from both DXA showed moderate correlations with criterion measures (pencil: r = 0.64; fan: r = 0.67) and moderate differences with the criterion value. The limits of agreement were similar for both fan beam DXA and pencil beam DXA (fan: fat-free soft tissue mass = −1650 ± 179 g, fat mass = −357 ± 316 g, bone mineral content = 289 ± 122 g; pencil: fat-free soft tissue mass = −1701 ± 257 g, fat mass = −359 ± 326 g, bone mineral content = 177 ± 117 g). DXA also showed excellent precision for bone mineral content (coefficient of variation (%CV) fan = 0.6%; pencil = 1.5%) and fat-free soft tissue mass (%CV fan = 0.3%; pencil = 0.5%) and acceptable reliability for fat measures (%CV fan: fat mass = 2.5%, percent body fat = 2.5%; pencil: fat mass = 5.9%, percent body fat = 5.7%). Both DXA provide precise measures of fat-free soft tissue mass and bone mineral content in lean Australian Football players. DXA-derived fat-free soft tissue mass and bone mineral content are suitable for assessing body composition in lean team sport athletes.
Migration, Ethnicity and Progression from Low-Paid Work: Implications for Skills Policy

Migration plays an important role in determining skills supply, and certain ethnic groups tend to be over-represented in low-paid work. This article considers the implications of the complex interplay of migration, ethnicity and workplace progression for skills policy by comparing and contrasting the opportunities faced by low-paid workers of diverse ethnicities in progressing to better paid work. This is done by drawing on a qualitative study of nine case study organisations in Scotland and England, including interviews with sixty-five workers and forty-three managers. We argue that while all low-paid workers face formidable barriers to progression, recent migrants and settled ethnic minorities face additional challenges that should be considered in skills and wider social policies related to low-paid work.
Does Career Maturity Impact Leadership Behavior

Do the elements of leadership skill vary across career stages? Five respondents, one or more from each of Donald Super’s Stages of Career Maturity, were interviewed, answering questions derived from The Leadership Challenge (Kouzes and Posner, 2008) and Examining the Validity of The Leadership Challenge Inventory: The Case for Law Enforcement (Vito and Higgins, 2010). A majority of the leadership skills discussed were consistent regardless of career stage, implying that leadership skills do not seem to change throughout the maturity of a career. The Decline Stage showed the most deviation from the rest of the Life Stages.
Semi-blind multi-user MIMO channel estimation based on Capon and MUSIC techniques

We consider the problem of simultaneous estimation of the channel state information (CSI) of several transmitters that use orthogonal space-time block codes to communicate with a single receiver. Based on the generalizations of the Capon and MUSIC techniques, we propose two novel algorithms to estimate multi-user MIMO channels. These algorithms estimate the subspace spanned by the user channels blindly and use only a few training blocks to extract the users' CSI from this subspace.
Exploring Determinants of Subjective Wellbeing in OECD Countries: Evidence from the World Value Survey

The paper explores issues with assessing wellbeing in OECD countries based on self-reported life satisfaction surveys in a pooled regression over time and countries, at the country level and the OECD average. The results, which are in line with previous studies of subjective wellbeing, show that, apart from income, the state of health, not being unemployed, and social relationships are particularly important for wellbeing with only some differences across countries. The results also show that cultural differences are not major drivers of differences in life satisfaction. Correlations between the rankings of measures of life satisfaction and other indicators of wellbeing such as the Human Development Index and Better Life Index are also relatively high. Measures of subjective wellbeing can play an important part in informing policy makers of progress with wellbeing in general, or what seems to matter for wellbeing—health, being employed and social contacts-- beyond income. Examen des determinants subjectifs du bien-etre dans les pays de l'OCDE : une caracterisation basee sur le World Values Survey Ce document examine les questions liees a l’evaluation du bien-etre dans les pays de l'OCDE a partir d’enquetes de satisfaction de la vie auto-declaree dans une regression sur un panel de pays avec une dimension temporelle, au niveau des pays et de la moyenne de l'OCDE. Les resultats, similaires a ceux d’etudes anterieures sur le bien-etre subjectif, montrent que, en dehors de revenu, l'etat de sante, ne pas etre au chomage, et les relations sociales sont particulierement importantes pour le bien-etre, avec des differences limitees entre les pays. Les resultats montrent egalement que les differences culturelles ne sont pas les principaux facteurs de differences dans la satisfaction de la vie. Les correlations entre les classements des mesures de satisfaction de la vie et d'autres indicateurs de bien-etre tels que l'Indice de developpement humain et l'Indice Vivre mieux sont egalement relativement elevees. Les mesures du bien-etre subjectif peuvent jouer un role important en informant les decideurs sur les progres en termes de bien-etre en general, ou sur ce qui semble contribuer au bien-etre – la sante, etre employe et les contacts sociaux – au-dela des revenus.
Usefulness of Calcium Entry Blockers During and After Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Artery Angioplasty

Calcium entry blockers can decrease myocardial ischemia and coronary spasm in association with percutaneous transluminal coronary artery angioplasty (PTCA). Restenosis after PTCA has not been shown to be statistically decreased by nifedipine or diltiazem in patients who clinically did not have coronary spasm. Patients who have evidence of coronary spasm before or at PTCA have a higher incidence of restenosis after PTCA, but this is decreased by treatment with calcium entry blockers. Most patients at Emory receive a calcium entry blocker before and after PTCA while in the hospital. After discharge, long-term therapy is given to select patients, especially those with any evidence of coronary vasospasm or patients with incompletely revascularized, multivessel disease. All patients receive aspirin before and long-term after PTCA. Some physicians give calcium entry blockers to all patients after PTCA. There is a need for larger, controlled clinical trials to evaluate the current use of calcium entry blockers before, during, and after PTCA as well as other therapeutic agents to prevent acute and chronic restenosis.
Theory, practice and use of self in the open dialogues approach to family therapy: A simple complexity or a complex simplicity?

In the family therapy literature there is increasing interest in the dialogical approach, particularly as it becomes well-grounded in psychotherapy research. One embodiment is ‘open dialogues’, which has developed over a 30-year period in Western Lapland, Finland. This paper outlines my experience of visiting Keropudas Hospital in Tornio, Finland, the birthplace of open dialogues. It explores the seven theoretical principles of open dialogues, associated elements of clinical practice, and the therapist use of self. The author utilises these aspects to reflect on dialogical moments through words and images based on three conceptual themes, which illustrate the relevance of open dialogues for family therapy practitioners and their contexts.
Cerebral Hypometabolism Obtained with Deep Pentobarbital Anesthesia and Hypothermia (30 C)

Cerebral metabolic and vascular effects of hypothermia (30 C) and deep pentobarbital anesthesia, separately and combined, were evaluated in 15 mongrel dogs. External cardiovascular support was not used, and mean arterial blood pressures remained greater than 60 torr. Norinothermic deep pentobarbital anesthesia, characterized by an electroencephalographic (EEG) frequency of I Hz, was associated with 30 per cent decreases in cerebral metabolic rates for oxygen (CMRo2) and glucose (CMRG) from lightly anesthetized control values. Hypothermia (30 C) alone caused similar decreases in CMRo2 and CMRG in the presence of an active EEG. The use of pentobarbital anesthesia and hypothermia combined achieved significantly greater (P < 0.05) decreases in CMRo2, (70 per cent) and CMRG (72 per cent) from the control state. Cerebral vascular resistance (CVR) increased by 70 per cent (P < 0.05) during hypothermia and about 20 per cent when pentobarbital was administered to normothermic dogs. In hypothermic animals the addition of pentobarbital had a minimal effect on CVR. No alteration in the oxygen-glucose or lac-tatc-glucose index indicative of cerebral hypoxia occurred in any experimental group. This study indicates that barbiturates combined with hypothermia decrease cerebral metabolism to a greater extent than hypothermia or barbiturate alone. When cerebral hypometabolism is therapeutically necessary, barbiturates may be indicated as an adjunct to moderate hypothermia.
Mobile sensing for social interaction monitoring and modelling

Social interactions have been traditionally studied via questionnaires and participant observations, imposing high burden, low scalability and precision. The goal of my research is to explore novel techniques to detect and monitor social interactions in indoor settings. Through the development of a scalable research platform it would be possible to study social dynamics at a finer granularity. The collected data will inform models about people's behaviour and support architectural research.
Oxidative Stress in Pancreatic Beta Cell Regeneration

Pancreatic β cell neogenesis and proliferation during the neonatal period are critical for the generation of sufficient pancreatic β cell mass/reserve and have a profound impact on long-term protection against type 2 diabetes (T2D). Oxidative stress plays an important role in β cell neogenesis, proliferation, and survival under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Pancreatic β cells are extremely susceptible to oxidative stress due to a high endogenous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a low expression of antioxidative enzymes. In this review, we summarize studies describing the critical roles and the mechanisms of how oxidative stress impacts β cell neogenesis and proliferation. In addition, the effects of antioxidant supplements on reduction of oxidative stress and increase of β cell proliferation are discussed. Exploring the roles and the potential therapeutic effects of antioxidants in the process of β cell regeneration would provide novel perspectives to preserve and/or expand pancreatic β cell mass for the treatment of T2D.
Deterring Gang Street: A Study on Logistic Analysis

The adolescence and early adulthood period are crucial time in an individual's life. This is a time when many young people become grown up in skills, and subsequently, they start to face new challenges in their lives. In the midst of these challenges, many adolescence most likely becomes involved in gang activities. This paper, employed the logistic analysis model as an investigation tool for Tanzanian police force to overcome the emerging gang street.
Superoxide poisons mononuclear iron enzymes by causing mismetallation

Superoxide (O2−) is a primary agent of intracellular oxidative stress. Genetic studies in many organisms have confirmed that excess O2− disrupts metabolism, but to date only a small family of [4Fe‐4S] dehydratases have been identified as direct targets. This investigation reveals that in Escherichia coli O2− also poisons a broader cohort of non‐redox enzymes that employ ferrous iron atoms as catalytic cofactors. These enzymes were inactivated by O2− both in vitro and in vivo. Although the enzymes are known targets of hydrogen peroxide, the outcome with O2− differs substantially. When purified enzymes were damaged by O2− in vitro, activity could be completely restored by iron addition, indicating that the O2− treatment generated an apoprotein without damaging the protein polypeptide. Superoxide stress inside cells caused the progressive mismetallation of these enzymes with zinc, which confers little activity. When O2− stress was terminated, cells gradually restored activity by extracting zinc from the proteins. The overloading of cells with zinc caused mismetallation even without O2− stress. These results support a model in which O2− repeatedly excises iron from these enzymes, allowing zinc to compete with iron for remetallation of their apoprotein forms. This action substantially expands the physiological imprint of O2− stress.
A Robust Technique to Ensure Serializable Executions with Snapshot Isolation DBMS

Snapshot Isolation (SI) is a popular concurrency control mechanism that has been implemented by many commercial and open-source platforms (e.g. Oracle, Postgre SQL, and MS SQL Server 2005). Unfortunately, SI can result in nonserializable execution, in which database integrity constraints can be violated. The literature reports some techniques to ensure that all executions are serializable when run in an engine that uses SI for concurrency control. These modify the application by introducing conflicting SQL statements. However, with each of these techniques the DBA has to make a choice among possible transactions to modify — and as we previously showed, making a bad choice of which transactions to modify can come with a hefty performance reduction. In this paper we propose a novel technique called ELM to introduce conflicts in a separate lock-manager object. Experiments with two platforms show that ELM has peak performance which is similar to SI, no matter which transactions are chosen for modification. That is, ELM is much less vulnerable from poor DBA choices than the previous techniques.
Depression-related Impairments in Prospective Memory

Time-based prospective memory, the ability to carry out a future intention at a specified time, was found to be impaired in a community sample of clinically depressed adults, relative to a nondepressed sample. Nondepressed participants monitored the time more frequently and, in the final block of the task, accelerated time-monitoring as the target time for the prospective memory response approached. These results are consistent with previous findings of depression-related impairments in retrospective memory tasks that require controlled, self-initiated processing.
NoC-Based Protection for SoC Time-Driven Attacks

Systems-on-chip (SoCs) based on many core architectures can be attacked. Malicious processes can infer secrets from on-chip sensible traffic by evaluating the degradation on their communication performance. Such a threat rises from the resource sharing. In order to avoid such time-driven attacks, the network-on-chip (NoC) can integrate mechanisms to isolate different communication flows. In this letter, we propose two mechanisms, random arbitration and adaptive routing, that dynamically allocate the SoC resources to avoid such attacks. We compare our approach to the unique previous work under several traffic conditions. We demonstrate that our mechanisms are effective to protect the SoC while increasing the overall performance.
Biology and Clinical Management of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Development of the JAK Inhibitor Ruxolitinib

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are debilitating stem cell-derived clonal myeloid malignancies. Conventional treatments for the BCR-ABL1-negative MPN including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) have, so far, been unsatisfactory. Following the discovery of dysregulated JAK-STAT signaling in patients with MPN, many efforts have been directed toward the development of molecularly targeted therapies, including inhibitors of JAK1 and JAK2. Ruxolitinib (previously known as INCB018424; Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, Delaware, USA) is a rationally designed potent oral JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor that has undergone clinical trials in patients with PV, ET, and PMF. Ruxolitinib was approved on November 16, 2011 by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis (MF), including patients with PMF, post-PV MF, and post-ET MF. In randomized phase III studies, ruxolitinib treatment resulted in significant and durable reductions in splenomegaly and improvements in disease-related symptoms in patients with MF compared with placebo or best available therapy. The most common adverse events were anemia and thrombocytopenia, which were manageable and rarely led to discontinuation. This review addresses the cellular and molecular biology, and the clinical management of MPN.
Do Negative Cognitive Styles Confer Vulnerability to Depression?

According to the cognitive-vulnerability hypothesis of depression, negative cognitive styles confer vulnerability to depression when people confront negative life events. In this article, we present evidence that negative cognitive styles do indeed confer vulnerability to clinically significant depressive disorders and suicidality and discuss possible developmental antecedents of cognitive vulnerability to depression. We consider the issue of stability versus change in cognitive vulnerability to depression and discuss the broader implications of the cognitive-vulnerability findings for mental and physical health.
Multisensory simultaneity judgment and proximity to the body

The integration of information across different sensory modalities is known to be dependent upon the statistical characteristics of the stimuli to be combined. For example, the spatial and temporal proximity of stimuli are important determinants with stimuli that are close in space and time being more likely to be bound. These multisensory interactions occur not only for singular points in space/time, but over “windows” of space and time that likely relate to the ecological statistics of real-world stimuli. Relatedly, human psychophysical work has demonstrated that individuals are highly prone to judge multisensory stimuli as co-occurring over a wide range of time—a so-called simultaneity window (SW). Similarly, there exists a spatial representation of peripersonal space (PPS) surrounding the body in which stimuli related to the body and to external events occurring near the body are highly likely to be jointly processed. In the current study, we sought to examine the interaction between these temporal and spatial dimensions of multisensory representation by measuring the SW for audiovisual stimuli through proximal–distal space (i.e., PPS and extrapersonal space). Results demonstrate that the audiovisual SWs within PPS are larger than outside PPS. In addition, we suggest that this effect is likely due to an automatic and additional computation of these multisensory events in a body-centered reference frame. We discuss the current findings in terms of the spatiotemporal constraints of multisensory interactions and the implication of distinct reference frames on this process.
Camera gimbal tracking from UAV flight control

UAV aerial photography is quite useful development for documentation and monitor on ground feature in remote areas. This paper proposes an aerial photography configuration on camera gimbal control in conjunction with UAV autopilot system. In order to properly control remote photography, coordinate conversions for camera from gimbal fixture to UAV frame until the ground coordinate should be fixed to correctly aiming at the target. Supporting from GPS and UAV attitude estimation, the relationship between U AV and tracking target can be used to implement a reliable autopilot flight control for target aiming and photography.
Eliminating Spurious Error Messages Using Exceptions, Polymorphism, and Higher-Order Functions

Many language processors make assumptions after detecting an error. If the assumptions are invalid, processors may issue a cascade of error messages in which only the first represents a true error in the input; later messages are side effects of the original error. Eliminating such spurious error messages requires keeping track of values within the compiler that are not available because of a previously detected error. Examples include symbol-table entries, types, and intermediate code. This paper presents a discipline for tracking unavailable values and avoiding cascading error messages. The discipline itself is unsurprising, but it is both formalized and implemented in terms of a type constructor and combinators expressed in Standard ML, and the ML type rules enforce the discipline. The type constructor distinguishes intermediate results that are unavailable because of a previously detected error. The combinators transform ordinary functions, which assume all intermediate results are available, into functions that silently propagate the unavailability of intermediate results. ML''s type system guides the application of the combinators; if the compiler writer does not account for a potentially unavailable value, the source code of the compiler does not type-check. The techniques presented exploit several features of Standard ML, including exceptions, higher-order functions, parametric polymorphism, and static type checking. Using these features enables the ML type system to ensure that the error-tracking discipline is applied consistently, relieving the programmer of that burden.
Central Limit Theorems and Uniform Laws of Large Numbers for Random Fields

Over the last decades, spatial-interaction models have been increasingly used in economics. However, the development of a su¢ ciently general asymptotic theory for nonlinear spatial models has been hampered by a lack of relevant central limit theorems (CLTs), uniform laws of large numbers (ULLNs) and pointwise laws of large numbers (LLNs). These limit theorems are the essential building blocks towards developing the asymptotic theory of M-estimators, including maximum likelihood and generalized method of moments estimators. The paper establishes a CLT, ULLN, and LLN for spatial processes or random elds that should be applicable to a broad range of data processes. JEL Classi cation: C10, C21, C31 Key words: Random eld, spatial process, central limit theorem, uniform law of large numbers, law of large numbers Department of Economics, New York University, 19 W. 4th Street, 6FL, NY 10012, Tel. : 212-998-3891, Fax: 212-995-4186, Email: nazgul.jenish@nyu.edu yDepartment of Economics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742. Tel. : 301405-3499, Fax: 301-405-3542, Email: prucha@econ.umd. edu