Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Csk inhibition of c‐Src activity requires both the SH2 and SH3 domains of Src.

The protein tyrosine kinase c‐Src is negatively regulated by phosphorylation of Tyr527 in its carboxy‐terminal tail. A kinase that phosphorylates Tyr527, called Csk, has recently been identified. We expressed c‐Src in yeast to test the role of the SH2 and SH3 domains of Src in the negative regulation exerted by Tyr527 phosphorylation. Inducible expression of c‐Src in Schizosaccharomyces pombe caused cell death. Co‐expression of Csk counteracted this effect. Src proteins mutated in either the SH2 or SH3 domain were as lethal as wild type c‐Src, but were insensitive to Csk, even though they were substrates for Csk in vivo. Peptide binding experiments revealed that Src proteins with mutant SH3 domains adopted a conformation in which the SH2 domain was not interacting with the tail. These data support the model of an SH2 domain‐phosphorylated tail interaction repressing c‐Src activity, but expand it to include a role for the SH3 domain. We propose that the SH3 domain contributes to the maintenance of the folded, inactive configuration of the Src molecule by stabilizing the SH2 domain‐phosphorylated tail interaction. Moreover, the system we describe here allows for further study of the regulation of tyrosine kinases in a neutral background and in an organism amenable to genetic analysis.
An Outbreak of Acute Beryllium Disease in a Compound Metal Alloy Factory.

Objectives: We conducted an epidemiological survey to inquire into an outbreak of acute pneumonitis after two reported cases of interstitial lung disease. Methods: The study subjects were 45 workers from a compound metal alloy factory. We reviewed the factory’s industrial hygiene data along with the results of a special health examination, including pulmonary function tests, simple chest X-rays, and high resolution computed tomography. Results: The air concentrations of beryllium ranged from 0.42 μg/m to 112.3 μg/m, and the mean concentration of urinary beryllium were 1.53±0.79 μg/g of creatinine in the molding workers, 1.41± 0.50 μg/g of creatinine in the casting workers, and 1.16±0.53 μg/g of creatinine in the sorting workers. The rates for cough (p=0.054), dyspnea (p=0.030), and the use of medical services (p=0.018) were higher in the molding workers than in the non-molding workers. The incidence rate of acute interstitial lung disease was higher for the molding process (32.0%) than for the non-molding process (5.0%) (p=0.012). The time of employment for all patients was prior to December 1, 2002. Conclusions: Since most of the patients were molding workers, and all of the patients had worked without a ventilation system, this outbreak of acute interstitial lung disease was regarded as acute beryllium disease. Although the direct cause of the epidemic was the beryllium fumes, the fundamental cause was improper control of the work environment. Therefore, the means for preventing avoidable epidemics of occupational diseases are discussed.
A Lyapunov Redesign of Coordination Algorithms for Cyber-Physical Systems

We present an approach for the coordination of a network of agents in a cyber-physical environment. The agents's dynamics are nonlinear, of arbitrary dimensions and possibly heterogeneous. The objective is to design resource-aware distributed control strategies to ensure a coordination task. In particular, we aim at ensuring the convergence of the differences between the agents' output variables to a prescribed compact set, hence covering rendez-vous and formation control as specific scenarios. We develop event-based sampling strategies for that purpose. Three scenarios are studied. We first focus on event-triggered control, in which case the agents continuously measure the relative distances with their neighbours and only update their control input at some time instants. This set-up is relevant to limit changes in control signals and therefore to reduce the resources usage of the actuators. A triggering rule is defined for each edge using an auxiliary variable, whose dynamics only depends on the local variables. We then explain how to derive time-triggered and self-triggered distributed controllers. These control strategies collect measurements and update the control inputs only at some discrete time instants, which save communication and computation resources. The existence of a uniform minimum amount of times between any two edge events is guaranteed in all cases, thus ruling out Zeno phenomenon. The analysis is carried out within the framework of hybrid systems and an invariance principle is used to conclude about coordination.
But What Do We Actually Know?

Knowledge bases such as Wikidata, DBpedia, YAGO, or the Google Knowledge Vault collect a vast number of facts about the world. But while quite some facts are known about the world, little is known about how much is unknown. For example, while the knowledge base may tell us that Barack Obama is the father of Malia Obama and Sasha Obama, it does not tell us whether these are all of his children. This is not just an epistemic challenge, but also a practical problem for data producers and consumers. We envision that KBs become annotated with information about their recall on specific topics. We show what such annotations could look like, how they could be obtained, and survey related work.
Role of Cytokines in Inducing Hyperlipidemia

Plasma lipid levels are elevated in people with diabetes, and a direct relationship can be demonstrated between indices of diabetic control and plasma lipid levels. Many observations suggest that diabetes may be associated with enhanced cytokine production, raising the possibility that some of the metabolic abnormalities associated with diabetes may be due to or exacerbated by cytokine overproduction. Tumor necrosis factor induces a rapid increase in serum triglyceride levels caused by an increase in VLDL of normal composition. Although in vitro studies showed that TNF decreases adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity, recent studies with intact animals demonstrated that TNF increases serum triglyceride levels by stimulating hepatic lipid secretion, not by affecting clearance. The increase in hepatic VLDL triglyceride secretion induced by TNF is due to both the stimulation of hepatic de novo fatty acid synthesis and an increase in lipolysis. Other cytokines including IL-1, IL-6, and α-interferon increase hepatic de novo fatty acid synthesis. Similarly, cytokines such as IL-1 and α-, β-, and γ-interferon also increase lipolysis. Thus, a variety of cytokines acting at different receptors can affect multiple processes that can alter lipid metabolism and increase serum lipid levels. These cytokine-induced increases in serum lipoprotein levels may be a beneficial response for the host. Studies show that lipoproteins, including VLDL, bind endotoxin and can protect against the toxic effects of endotoxin. Moreover, lipoproteins bind a variety of viruses, reducing their infectivity. Lipoproteins also bind urate crystals, which reduces the inflammatory response induced by these crystals. Thus, it can be postulated that lipoproteins are part of a nonspecific immune response stimulated by cytokines, the hormones of the immune systems, that can decrease the toxicity of harmful biological and chemical agents. Although these changes may have benefit under some circumstances, the overproduction of cytokines in people with diabetes could lead to inappropriate metabolic effects, including hyperlipidemia, that in the long run could have adverse consequences, such as accelerated atherosclerosis.
Immune escape and exploitation strategies of cytomegaloviruses: impact on and imitation of the major histocompatibility system

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has yielded many insights into immune escape mechanisms. Both human and mouse CMV encode a diverse array of gene products, many of which appear to modulate the immune response in the host. Some deflect the host response to infection and contribute to lifelong viral persistence while others exploit immune cells that respond to infection. Here, the viral functions that modulate and mimic host major histocompatibility complex (MHC) function will be reviewed. Viral gene products related to both classical and non‐classical components of the MHC system assure the virus will persist in immunocompetent individuals. Examples of host countermeasures that neutralize viral immunomodulatory functions have emerged in the characterization of viral functions that contribute to this stand‐off in CMVs that infect humans, other primates and rodents. CMV‐induced disease occurs when the immune system is not yet developed, such as in the developing fetus, or when it is compromised, such as in allograft transplant recipients, suggesting that the balance between virus escape and host control is central to pathogenesis. Although evidence supports the dominant role of immune escape in CMV pathogenesis and persistence, MHC‐related immunomodulatory functions have been ascribed only subtle impact on pathogenesis and the immune response during natural infection. Viral gene products that interface with the MHC system may impact natural killer cell function, antigen presentation, and T lymphocyte immune surveillance. Many also interact with other cells, particularly those in the myeloid lineage, with consequences that have not been explored. Overall, the virus‐encoded modulatory functions that have been acquired by CMV likely ensure survival and adaptation to the wide range of mammalian host species in which they are found.
Mathematical morphology based surface reconstruction from defective and scan misregistration point sets

It is a difficult but important challenge to handle the defective and scan misregistration (DSM) parts in point sets for surface reconstruction. This paper presents a robust and convenient algorithm to overcome the problem. This method extends the operations of mathematical morphology in grey image process to reduce the DSM parts and confirms the oriented information of point sets. Based on the information, the Poisson equation is adopted to construct a watertight and smooth resulting surface. By this method, an implicit surface with global accuracy and smoothness can be obtained. This method can also give resilience to noise, adjustable fitting to the sparse data. Finally, a comparison between this method and some common methods is given to demonstrate its effect.
The Multiple Permutation Problem and Some Conjectures

In this paper, we proposed an interesting problem that might be classified into enumerative combinatorics. Featuring a distinctive two-fold dependence upon the sequences' terms, our problem can be really difficult, which calls for novel approaches to work it out for any given pair $(m,n)$. Complete or partial solutions for $m=2, 3$ with smaller $n$'s are listed. Moreover, we have proved the necessary condition for $p(m,n) \neq 0$ and suggested an elegant asymptotic formula for $p(2,n)$. In addition, several challenging conjectures are provided, together with concise comments.
Using Patterns Co-occurrence Matrix for Cleaning Closed Sequential Patterns for Text Mining

With the overwhelming increase in the amount of texts on the web, it is almost impossible for people to keep abreast of up-to-date information. Text mining is a process by which interesting information is derived from text through the discovery of patterns and trends. Text mining algorithms are used to guarantee the quality of extracted knowledge. However, the extracted patterns using text or data mining algorithms or methods leads to noisy patterns and inconsistency. Thus, different challenges arise, such as the question of how to understand these patterns, whether the model that has been used is suitable, and if all the patterns that have been extracted are relevant. Furthermore, the research raises the question of how to give a correct weight to the extracted knowledge. To address these issues, this paper presents a text post-processing method, which uses a pattern co-occurrence matrix to find the relation between extracted patterns in order to reduce noisy patterns. The main objective of this paper is not only reducing the number of closed sequential patterns, but also improving the performance of pattern mining as well. The experimental results on Reuters Corpus Volume 1 data collection and TREC filtering topics show that the proposed method is promising.
CALABI-YAU MANIFOLDS WHOSE MODULI SPACES ARE LOCALLY SYMMETRIC MANIFOLDS AND NO QUANTUM CORRECTIONS

It is observed that there are a natural sequence of CY manifolds Mg that are double covers of CP ramified over 2g + 2 hyperplanes and some of them are obtained from the Jacobian J(Cg) of hyper-elliptic curve Cg by an action of an involution of a semi-direct product of g−1 copies of groups of order two with the symmetric group of g elements. This construction generalizes Kummer surfaces. We observed that the g Kodaira-Spencer classes on the Jacobian are invariant under the action of the above group. They form a basis of H “
Lithography-Aware Analog Layout Retargeting

Photolithographic defects during manufacture cannot only result in significant yield loss in digital integrated circuits, but are also deemed as an important factor in evaluating the quality of analog layouts. In this paper, we propose a graph-based lithography-aware analog layout retargeting methodology. We build up our fault model based on a classical defect size distribution function, geometrical critical area analysis, and probability of failure (POF). The objective of our algorithm is to minimize POF by intelligent redundant space allocation scheme during layout compaction. The optimizations handle the whole analog layout area by global wire widening, intradevice wire shifting (WS), and interdevice WS, which are achieved by updating the constraint-graph representation of the layout. Moreover, we propose an extra space allocation approach that can further reduce POF by an inconsiderably small chip-area compromise. The yield improvement and superior effectiveness of our algorithm are exhibited by retargeting operational amplifiers and being compared with a traditional linear programming-based layout compaction method and a well-known even wire distribution scheme.
Meshless method for solving coupled radiative and conductive heat transfer in refractive index medium

A diffuse approximation meshless method (DAM) is employed as a means of solving the coupled radiative and conductive heat transfer problems in semi-transparent refractive index media contained in 1D and 2D geometries. The meshless approach for radiative transfer is based on the discrete ordinates equation. Cases of combined conduction- radiation are presented, including plane parallel slab, square enclosure, and semicircular enclosure with an inner circle. The influence of the refractive index on the temperature distributions and heat fluxes is investigated. Results obtained using the proposed meshless method are compared with those reported in the literature to demonstrate the flexibility and accuracy of the method.
Implementing register files for high-performance microprocessors in a die-stacked (3D) technology

3D integration is a new technology that greatly increases transistor density while providing faster on-chip communication. 3D integration stacks multiple die connected with a very high-density and low-latency interface which provides increased device density and the ability to place and route in the third dimension. While past studies have explored 3D integrated on-chip caches, this research explores the implementation of register files, which have very different capacity and bandwidth requirements. Partitioning the register file across multiple die reduces the lengths of many critical wires, which provides both latency and energy benefits. In particular, a 3D implementation of 256-entry physical register file in a two-die stack achieves a 24.1% latency improvement with a simultaneous energy reduction of 58.5%, while a four-die version achieves a 36.0% latency improvement with a 58.2% energy reduction. Our results demonstrate that 3D integration is a promising approach for improving both the performance and power of wire-dominated circuits
DSR-71167, a Novel Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist with Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitory Activity, Separates Urinary Sodium Excretion and Serum Potassium Elevation in Rats

Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists, such as spironolactone (SPI) and eplerenone (EPL), are useful for treating hypertension and heart failure. However, these two agents have the serious side effect of hyperkalemia. We hypothesized that adding the ability to inhibit carbonic anhydrase (CA) would reduce the risk of hyperkalemia associated with MR antagonists. We investigated the profiles of DSR-71167 [2-([(2,2-difluoroethyl)amino]methyl)-2′-fluoro-N-(3-methoxy-4-sulfamoylphenyl)biphenyl-4-carboxamide hydrochloride; an MR antagonist with weak CA inhibitory activity] with regard to antimineralocorticoid actions by examining relationships between the urinary excretion of sodium (index of antimineralocorticoid action) in deoxycorticosterone acetate–treated rats and elevation of serum levels of potassium in potassium-loaded rats compared with a DSR-71167 derivative without CA inhibition (2-(hydroxymethyl)-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2′-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-4-carboxamide), SPI, and EPL. DSR-71167 dose-dependently increased urinary excretion of sodium in deoxycorticosterone acetate–treated rats without elevating serum levels of potassium in potassium-loaded rats. 2-(Hydroxymethyl)-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-2′-(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl-4-carboxamide, SPI, and EPL elevated serum levels of potassium significantly in potassium-loaded rats at doses that increased MR inhibitory activity. We confirmed that DSR-71167 significantly increases urinary bicarbonate and decreases blood bicarbonate, as pharmacodynamic markers of CA inhibition, in intact rats. Chronic DSR-71167 administration showed antihypertensive effects in high salt–loaded Dahl hypertensive rats. These results demonstrate that DSR-71167 is a novel type of MR antagonist, with CA inhibitory activity, which is expected to become a safer MR antagonist with a low potential risk for hyperkalemia.
Can Proton Therapy Improve the Therapeutic Ratio in Breast Cancer Patients at Risk for Nodal Disease?

Objectives:Regional node irradiation in patients with invasive breast cancer often results in increased radiation exposure to organs at risk. We evaluated the potential advantages of 3-dimensional conformal photon+proton therapy (3DCX+PT) in treating regional nodes versus photon-electron (3DCRT) or intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Materials and Methods:Ten left-sided breast cancer patients underwent radiation treatment planning. 3DCX+PT, 3DCRT, and IMRT plans were generated for each patient. Results:There was no significant difference in target coverage between 3DCX+PT and IMRT. However, coverage of level II axillary lymph nodes was inferior with 3DCRT with a median D95 of 45 versus 50 Gy with either IMRT (P=0.0006) or 49.5 CGE with 3DCX+PT (P=0.0033). Internal mammary nodes coverage was also inferior with 3DCRT (median D95 was 42 Gy) compared with 47 Gy with IMRT (P=0.043) or 48.5 CGE with 3DCX+PT (P=0.0068). With 3DCX+PT, left lung V20 and V5 were 31% and 50% versus 36% (P=0.0368) and 70% (P=0.0007) with 3DCRT and 30% (P=0.7328) and 81% (P=0.0002) for IMRT. 3DCX+PT resulted in heart V20 and heart V5 of 0% and 7%, respectively, versus 4% (P=0.0067) and 24% (P=0.0002) with 3DCRT and 21% (P=0.0001), 50% (P=0.0001) with IMRT. The IMRT plans produced significantly higher integral, contralateral lung, and breast doses. Conclusions:Regional node target coverage was inferior with 3DCRT compared with either IMRT or 3DCX+PT. Organs at risk were exposed to less radiation with 3DCX+PT compared with 3DCRT or IMRT. Proton treatment offered both improved coverage of the regional lymph nodes and decreased dose to the heart, lung, and contralateral normal tissue.
20.2 A variable-conversion-ratio 3-phase resonant switched capacitor converter with 85% efficiency at 0.91W/mm2 using 1.1nH PCB-trace inductors

Switched-capacitor (SC) converters have shown significant promise for monolithic integration in a variety of mobile computing applications due to the relatively high energy-densities of modern capacitor technologies and the emergence of deep-trench technology [1-4]. Compared to more traditional buck and boost topologies, the SC approach provides better utilization of active and passive components, and is especially favorable when using submicron or deep-submicron CMOS technology because low-voltage devices can be configured in cascaded or hierarchical structures to interface across wide conversion ratios [5].
Analysis of the Motion of Conducting Sheets in Magnetic Fields

Solution of the equation of motion for conductors in external magnetic fields requires the knowledge of the magnetic forces due to the induced eddy currents that, in turn, can be determined if the position and the velocity of the bodies are known. An iterative technique is adopted, where, at each time step, an initial value of the magnetic force is used to determine the position and the velocity of the body at the end of the time step and, then, the value of the force is corrected. To reduce the computational effort in the case of thin metallic sheets, it is proposed to use the surface integral equation of the induced eddy currents, with a supplementary term added to account for the motion. A sinusoidal with time variation of the excitation field is considered and a phasor representation of various physical quantities is employed. An average magnetic force over each period is used to solve the equation of motion.
The Influence of Holistic Interviewing on Hair Perception for the Production of Facial Composites

There is mounting evidence to suggest that the external features of a person face—shape, ears and, in particular, hair—exert a detrimental effect on the construction of a facial composite. The effect was first demonstrated for EvoFIT, a software system whereby constructors repeatedly select whole faces from arrays of alternatives, with ‘breeding’, to ‘evolve’ a face. In research by Frowd and Hepton (2009), volunteers saw a target face and, 24 hours later, were interviewed to describe the face in detail and then used EvoFIT in one of two ways: constructors saw face arrays containing hair that was either similar-to or exactlymatched hair on a target face. The study found that using exactly-matching hair promoted much-more identifiable composites than using similar hair. More recent research, however, has found that system performance is improved following use of a novel interview given to constructors. This holistic-cognitive interview prompts constructors to recall the target face in detail and then make seven personality-type judgments about it, with the aim of improving their face-recognition ability and thereby produce a better-quality composite. In the current research, we carried out a partial replication of Frowd and Hepton using the holisticcognitive interview. It was found that identification of composites constructed in this way did not differ significantly by type of hair, and so the enhanced interview appears to mask inaccuracies in presented hair, promoting more identifiable images. Theoretical implications of the research are discussed for EvoFIT along with other system developments that have focused on the potential influence of hair.