Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discovering motion hierarchies via tree-structured coding of trajectories

The dynamic content of physical scenes is largely compositional, that is, the movements of the objects and of their parts are hierarchically organised and relate through composition along this hierarchy. This structure also prevails in the apparent 2D motion that a video captures. Accessing this visual motion hierarchy is important to get a better understanding of dynamic scenes and is useful for video manipulation. We propose to capture it through learned, tree-structured sparse coding of point trajectories. We leverage this new representation within an unsupervised clustering scheme to partition hierarchically the trajectories into meaningful groups. We show through experiments on motion capture data that our model is able to extract moving segments along with their organisation. We also present competitive results on the task of segmenting objects in video sequences from trajectories.
Value incongruence, job autonomy, and organization-based self-esteem: A self-based perspective on organizational cynicism

Combining the perspectives of person-environment fit and self-theory, a model was postulated in which both the incongruence between personal and perceived organizational values and job autonomy precede organizational cynicism, while organization-based self-esteem, as a psychological explanation for cynicism, was hypothesized to mediate both relationships. The model and corresponding hypotheses were tested on a sample of 174 Dutch workers. Polynomial regression results indicated that value incongruence and job autonomy add significantly to the prediction of organizational cynicism. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to test the hypothesized mediating effect of organization-based self-esteem. Results indicated that self-esteem partially mediates both relationships. These results support the conceptualization of organizational cynicism as a self-defensive response to problematic events and circumstances in the work environment.
Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis: A Survey

 Abstract: Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis is the field of study that analyzes customer opinions, feedback, sentiments, evaluations, attitudes, and emotions from written language. It is one of the most active research areas in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and is also widely studied in data mining, Web mining, and text mining. The growing importance of sentiment analysis coincides with the growth of social media and Web 2.0 technologies such as reviews, discussion forums, blogs, micro-blogs, and social networks. For the first time in human history, we now have a huge volume of opinionated data recorded in digital form for analysis. In this paper we do a survey of papers on Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis and detail the techniques used.
Asynchronous Multicore Processors, Green Computing, Efficiency, Parallel Architectures, and Eco-Friendly

Technology needs to be eco-friendly most importantly microchips need to be redesigned and manufactured in an eco-friendly manner since they are the heart of all technology. With a look to the future its not hard for one to conclude that silicon will meet its fate. Wise men said the best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago and the second best time is now. Silicon microchips have been the primary contributor to non eco-friendly technology because the energy needed to manufacture silicon microchips is disproportional their size. The silicon chip has been around for many years but it has brought nothing but trouble to the environment. All electronics using silicon chips also inherit this footprint. A computer for example contains hundreds if not thousand silicon microchips and research has proven that the total energy use embodied by the manufacturing process of computers is 81 to 19 percent when compared to their total operation life cycle energy use. This clearly suggests that there needs to be a new approach for doing things differently. There needs to be another approach which is eco-friendly and has minimal harm to the environment. To contribute towards this bigger cause, we propose in this paper Asynchronous Multicore Microprocessors (AMM) with their respective parallel architectures as a novel approach to realizing Eco-friendly Green Computing.
Anti-NR1 N-terminal-domain vaccination unmasks the crucial action of tPA on NMDA-receptor-mediated toxicity and spatial memory

Fine-tuning of NMDA glutamatergic receptor signalling strategically controls crucial brain functions. This process depends on several ligands and modulators, one of which unexpectedly includes the serine protease tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). In vitro, tPA increases NMDA-receptor-mediated calcium influx by interacting with, and then cleaving, the NR1 subunit within its N-terminal domain. Owing to lack of in vivo evidence of the relevance and contribution of this mechanism in physiological and pathological brain processes, active immunisation was developed here in mice, to allow transient and specific prevention of the interaction of tPA with the NR1 subunit. Immunisation significantly reduced the severity of ischemic and excitotoxic insults in the mouse brain. Cognitive function was altered in some, but not all behavioural tasks affected in tPA-deficient mice. Our data demonstrate that in vivo, tPA controls neurotoxicity and the encoding of novel spatial experiences by binding to and cleaving the NMDA receptor NR1 subunit. Interesting therapeutic possibilities for several brain pathologies that involve excitotoxicity may now be envisaged.
ERP Systems Business Value: A Critical Review of Empirical Literature

The business value generated by information and communication technologies (ICT) has been for long time a major research topic. Recently there is a growing research interest in the business value generated by particular types of information systems (IS). One of them is the enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, which are increasingly adopted by organizations for supporting and integrating key business and management processes. The current paper initially presents a critical review of the existing empirical literature concerning the business value of the ERP systems, which investigates the impact of ERP systems adoption on various measures of organizational performance. Then is critically reviewed the literature concerning the related topic of critical success factors (CSFs) in ERP systems implementation, which aims at identifying and investigating factors that result in more successful ERP systems implementation that generate higher levels of value for organizations. Finally, future directions of research concerning ERP systems business value are proposed.
Structural alignment of proteins by a novel TOPOFIT method, as a superimposition of common volumes at a topomax point

Similarity of protein structures has been analyzed using three‐dimensional Delaunay triangulation patterns derived from the backbone representation. It has been found that structurally related proteins have a common spatial invariant part, a set of tetrahedrons, mathematically described as a common spatial subgraph volume of the three‐dimensional contact graph derived from Delaunay tessellation (DT). Based on this property of protein structures, we present a novel common volume superimposition (TOPOFIT) method to produce structural alignments. Structural alignments usually evaluated by a number of equivalent (aligned) positions (Ne) with corresponding root mean square deviation (RMSD). The superimposition of the DT patterns allows one to uniquely identify a maximal common number of equivalent residues in the structural alignment. In other words, TOPOFIT identifies a feature point on the RMSD Ne curve, a topomax point, until which the topologies of two structures correspond to each other, including backbone and interresidue contacts, whereas the growing number of mismatches between the DT patterns occurs at larger RMSD (Ne) after the topomax point. It has been found that the topomax point is present in all alignments from different protein structural classes; therefore, the TOPOFIT method identifies common, invariant structural parts between proteins. The alignments produced by the TOPOFIT method have a good correlation with alignments produced by other current methods. This novel method opens new opportunities for the comparative analysis of protein structures and for more detailed studies on understanding the molecular principles of tertiary structure organization and functionality. The TOPOFIT method also helps to detect conformational changes, topological differences in variable parts, which are particularly important for studies of variations in active/ binding sites and protein classification.
Cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthetic genes of Salmonella typhimurium

The enteric bacterium Salmonella typhimurium synthesizes cobalamin (vitamin B12) de novo only under anaerobic growth conditions. We initiated a genetic analysis of the cobalamin biosynthetic (cob) gene cluster, Stable cob::lac operon fusions were generated by insertions of a transposition-defective derivative of bacteriophage Mu d1 (Ap lac) into the cob genes. beta-Galactosidase synthesis was repressed in the presence of exogenously supplied cyanocobalamin, demonstrating that the cobalamin biosynthetic pathway was regulated by end-product repression. Transcriptional polarity studies showed that the cob genes responsible for synthesis of the corrinoid intermediate cobinamide (branch I of the pathway) were organized into a single operon. Genes for the synthesis of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (branch II) and the final assembly of the complete cobalamin molecule (branch III) were organized into two or more additional operons. All of the known cob genes (in branches I, II, and III) were transcribed in a counterclockwise direction relative to the S. typhimurium genetic map. These genes are located at 41 map units and near the his operon. No essential genes lie between the his and cob operons. Mutants that carried deletions extending from the his genes into the cob region were isolated and characterized. By using these mutants, a deletion map of the branch I cob operon was constructed and the order of genes (his-cobI-cobIII-cobII) was inferred.
Fast Online Incremental Learning on Mixture Streaming Data

The explosion of streaming data poses challenges to feature learning methods including linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Many existing LDA algorithms are not efficient enough to incrementally update with samples that sequentially arrive in various manners. First, we propose a new fast batch LDA (FLDA/QR) learning algorithm that uses the cluster centers to solve a lower triangular system that is optimized by the Cholesky-factorization. To take advantage of the intrinsically incremental mechanism of the matrix, we further develop an exact incremental algorithm (IFLDA/QR). The Gram-Schmidt process with reorthogonalization in IFLDA/QR significantly saves the space and time expenses compared with the rank-one QR-updating of most existing methods. IFLDA/QR is able to handle streaming data containing 1) new labeled samples in the existing classes, 2) samples of an entirely new (novel) class, and more significantly, 3) a chunk of examples mixed with those in 1) and 2). Both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments have demonstrated much lower space and time costs (2~10 times faster) than the state of the art, with comparable classification accuracy.
Observations on the respiratory quotients and weight gain of man after eating large quantities of carbohydrate

The glycogen in the liver cannot rise above 15 % and it is stated in textbooks that the capacity of muscle to store glycogen is limited. It would be considered unlikely that this total store could be more than doubled. Hence, if an individual consumed 400 g of carbohydrate in excess of his energy requirements, then it would be expected that there would be a net conversion of carbohydrate into fat. As carbohydrate molecules contain more oxygen relative to carbon and hydrogen than do molecules of fatty acid, this conversion has a high respiratory quotient (RQ). RQS well above 1.0 have been recorded in animals which are laying down fat. The classical example is the marmot. Pembrey (1902) records RQS of 1-4 in these animals when preparing for hibernation. The conversion of carbohydrate into fat after a dietary carbohydrate excess should be easy to demonstrate in man by measuring the RQ and finding values of 1.0 or above. This paper records measurements under such conditions and also observations on the changes in weight of some of the subjects. I t will be shown that, in fact, it is difficult to raise the RQ of man to 1.0, even when the subject undergoes real discomfort from his enforced gluttony. Possible explanations of the apparently low RQ after excess carbohydrate are discussed. A preliminary account of some of these experiments has already been given (Passmore & Swindells, 1962).
Account Episodes: The Management or Escalation of Conflict

Acknowledgements Part I. The Task: 1. Demands for accountability 2. The structure of account episodes 3. Functions of account episodes 4. Basic questions and some specifications 5. Fundamental obstacle, multiple approximations Part II. Theoretical Guidance: 1. Basic control-theoretical assumptions 2. A network of escalation 3. Supplementary speculations Part III. Study Designs and Procedures: 1. Common design features 2. Vignettes of failure events 3. Reproach phase studies 4. Account phase studies 5. Evaluation phase studies 6. Studies on the meaning of responsibility Part IV. Category Systems and Codings: 1. Reasons, problems and strategies of category constructions 2. A taxonomy for reactions of actors during account phases 3. A taxonomy for reactions of opponents during phases of reproach and evaluation Part V. Reproach Phase Results: 1. Effects of severity of failure of reproach 2. Effects of gender on severity of reproach 3. The meaning of responsibility for men and women - and excursus 4. Control needs and severity of reproach Part VI. Account Phase Results: 1. Effects of reproach on defensiveness of accounts 2. Effects of gender on defensiveness of accounts 3. Sense of control, self-esteem and defensiveness of accounts 4. Severity of failure and defensiveness of accounts Part VII. Evaluation Phase Results: 1. Defensiveness of accounts and negativity of evaluation 2. Effects of gender on negativity of evaluation 2. Effects of gender on negativity and evaluation 3. Sense of control, self-esteem and negativity of evaluation 4. Severity of reproach and negativity of evaluation Part VIII. Inferences: 1. Synopsis 2. Transphase perspectives 3. Tasks for the future Appendices notes References Name index Subject index.
Diagnostic performance of percutaneous lung biopsy using automated biopsy needles under CT-fluoroscopic guidance for ground-glass opacity lesions.

OBJECTIVE The goal of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of percutaneous lung biopsy under CT-fluoroscopic guidance for ground-glass opacity (GGO) lesions. METHODS 85 percutaneous needle lung biopsies were performed in 73 patients. Specimens were obtained by core biopsy utilising an automated cutting needle and were evaluated histologically. Final diagnosis was confirmed by independent surgical pathology, independent culture results or clinical follow-up. RESULTS Rates of adequate specimens obtained and of precise diagnosis by needle biopsy were 92.9% (79/85) and 90.6% (77/85) of evaluated lung lesions, respectively. Precise diagnosis was achieved in 87.1% (27/31) of lesions ≤10 mm in diameter, 90.0% (36/40) of lesions >10 mm to ≤20 mm and 100.0% (14/14) of lesions >20 mm. Precision in diagnosing GGO lesions according to the GGO component was 73.9% (17/23) for pure GGO lesions and 96.8% (60/62) for part-solid GGO lesions. Obtaining a precise diagnosis did not differ significantly according to the lesion size (p=0.3840), but differences were significant according to the GGO component (p=0.0047). Malignancy was accurately diagnosed in 35 of 36 malignant lesions for which surgery was later performed. The specific cell type determined from specimens obtained by needle biopsy was exactly the same as the final histological diagnosis obtained after surgery in 20 lesions. CONCLUSION Tissue-core lung biopsy under CT-fluoroscopic guidance for a GGO lesion provides a high degree of diagnostic accuracy but is less reliable for determining the specific cell type. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Percutaneous lung biopsy under CT-fluoroscopic guidance for GGO is useful in differentiating malignancy.
Domains of quality of life of people with profound multiple disabilities : The perspective of parents and direct support staff

Background This study considered the general validity of the basic domains of quality of life that appear in theoretical models, in relation to people with profound multiple disabilities. The authors examined how parents and direct support staff operationalized these basic domains for people with profound multiple disabilities. They investigated the effect of the support setting and age of people with profound multiple disabilities on this operationalization. Methods A number (n = 76) of parents and direct support staff of people with profound multiple disabilities were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed in depth. Results Results showed that the five basic domains as described within the model of Felce & Perry [Research in Developmental Disabilities (1995) vol. 16, pp. 51–74; Quality of Life in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation Conceptual Approaches, Issues and Applications (1996a) Sage Publications; Quality of Life. Vol. I: Conceptualization and Measurement (1996b) American Association on Mental Retardation] were identified spontaneously by more than half of the respondents as being salient for the quality of life of people with profound multiple disabilities. When asked explicitly, this value rose to between 88.2 and 100%. The operationalization of these basic domains by parents and direct support staff differed in several aspects from operationalizations for other target groups. Neither age nor support setting turned out to have a significant effect on the operationalization. Conclusions The results supported the multidimensionality of quality of life and the validity of the basic domains for people with profound multiple disabilities. The content of the domains of quality of life differed, however, to a considerable extent for people with profound multiple disabilities. Furthermore, these people are extremely dependent on others for the gratification of their needs and therefore for their quality of life.
Factors Related to Instructors' Willingness to Participate in Distance Education

The authors identifed elements of instruction formats that distinguish distance education (DE) methods from traditional face-to-face (FF) instruction with respect to instructors' experiences and opinions. Most hypotheses were supported. Instructors (N = 26) from a southeastern university rated FF more favorably in terms of (a) their comfort and ability to interact with students, (b) students' opportunity to interact and participate in class discussions, and (c) instruction accommodating different learning styles. The authors found no difference between instructors' mean opinions of DE and FF for interaction with students on assignments, contact with students outside class, instructors' promptness of feedback delivery, or effect of motivation on student success. Instructors' willingness to participate in DE was a function of their perception of the adequacy of training for DE and recognition received. Instructors' willingness was not related to effort and time needed to develop course materials for DE. Knowledge of experiences and opinions affecting instructors' willingness to participate in DE can help universities create or maintain DE programs.
Proteasome-Independent Disruption of PML Oncogenic Domains (PODs), but Not Covalent Modification by SUMO-1, Is Required for Human Cytomegalovirus Immediate-Early Protein IE1 To Inhibit PML-Mediated Transcriptional Repression

ABSTRACT Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) major immediate-early protein IE1 is an abundant 72-kDa nuclear phosphoprotein that is thought to play an important role in efficient triggering of the lytic cycle, especially at low multiplicity of infection. The best-known properties of IE1 at present are its transient targeting to punctate promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML)-associated nuclear bodies (PML oncogenic domains [PODs] or nuclear domain 10 [ND10]), with associated displacement of the cellular PML tumor suppressor protein into a diffuse nucleoplasmic form and its association with metaphase chromosomes. Recent studies have shown that the targeting of PML (and associated proteins such as hDaxx) to PODs is dependent on modification of PML by ubiquitin-like protein SUMO-1. In this study, we provide direct evidence that IE1 is also covalently modified by SUMO-1 in both infected and cotransfected cells, as well as in in vitro assays, with up to 30% of the protein representing the covalently conjugated 90-kDa form in stable U373/IE1 cell lines. Lysine 450 was mapped as the major SUMO-1 conjugation site, but a point mutation of this lysine residue in IE1 did not interfere with its targeting to and disruption of the PODs. Surprisingly, unlike PML or IE2, IE1 did not interact with either Ubc9 or SUMO-1 in yeast two-hybrid assays, suggesting that some additional unknown intranuclear cofactors must play a role in IE1 sumoylation. Interestingly, stable expression of either exogenous PML or exogenous Flag-SUMO-1 in U373 cell lines greatly enhanced both the levels and rate of in vivo IE1 sumoylation during HCMV infection. Unlike the disruption of PODs by the herpes simplex virus type 1 IE110(ICP0) protein, the disruption of PODs by HCMV IE1 proved not to involve proteasome-dependent degradation of PML. We also demonstrate here that the 560-amino-acid PML1 isoform functions as a transcriptional repressor when fused to the GAL4 DNA-binding domain and that wild-type IE1 inhibits the repressor function of PML1 in transient cotransfection assays. Furthermore, both IE1(1-346) and IE1(L174P) mutants, which are defective in displacing PML from PODs, failed to inhibit the repression activity of PML1, whereas the sumoylation-negative IE1(K450R) mutant derepressed as efficiently as wild-type IE1. Taken together, our results suggest that proteasome-independent disruption of PODs, but not IE1 sumoylation, is required for efficient IE1 inhibition of PML-mediated transcriptional repression.
Imagery and Core Beliefs in Health Anxiety: Content and Origins

A preliminary investigation of the content and origins of intrusive imagery and core beliefs as they occur in health anxiety is reported. The exploration of patients' images proved to be a particularly effective means of determining underlying core beliefs. Images appeared to reflect a wider range of idiosyncratic meanings than were apparent in the automatic thoughts alone. Two types of core beliefs were revealed by the images: beliefs about the self, and beliefs about death and illness and their implications, which included themes to do with abandonment and isolation. All patients had metaphysical or superstitious beliefs. It is suggested that a conjunction between the beliefs about the self and those about death and illness may contribute to individual tendencies to misinterpret bodily sensations in health anxiety.
Automatic Activity Recognition for Video Surveillance

Activity recognition is having a wide range of applications in automated surveillance and is an active research topic among computer vision community. In this paper, an activity recognition approach is proposed. Motion information is extracted from the dierence image based on Region of Interest (ROI) using 18-Dimensional features called Block Intensity Vector (BIV). The experiments are carried out on the KTH dataset considering four activities viz., (walking, running, waving and boxing) with SVM. The approach shows an overall performance of 94.58% in recognizing the actions performed. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is comparable with the existing methods.