Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Culturally Appropriate Cognitive Assessment Screening for Bhutanese Refugees

A Culturally Appropriate Cognitive Assessment Screening for Bhutanese Refugees Holly Milligan, BS, RN University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire Background: As the incidence of cognitive impairment continues to rise, timely and accurate diagnoses are essential. Aim: The aim of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the standard cognitive assessment screening for Bhutanese refugees in a medical home, and compare an alternative, validated, and potentially more culturally appropriate tool. Also, an assessment of provider, nurse and interpreter satisfaction with the two tools was performed. Method: Mixed methods including qualitative observations and quantitative satisfaction surveys related to the implementation of a culturally appropriate cognitive assessment tool. Results: When assessed with the standard tool, all 10 people screened positive for cognitive impairment. However, when using the alternative tool on the same sample, 4 of the 7 people screened positive, but with less impairment. Accounting for this difference was language, literacy and a different alphabet. Results of the pre-and-post surveys indicated an increase in provider, nurse and interpreter satisfaction with the alternative cognitive assessment screening tool with Bhutanese refugees. Conclusion and Implications for CNL Practice: Providing culturally appropriate screening tools in diverse populations potentially decreases the chance of misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. The validated alternative tool has the potential of providing more accurate and timelier diagnoses, resulting in a higher level of patient and family-centered care and satisfaction. Limitations and Clinical Nurse Leader implications will be discussed.
Mining usage patterns for the Android API

5 API methods are not used alone, but in groups and following some patterns. However, despite being a key information for API users, most usage patterns are not explicitly described in official API documents. In this article, we report a study to evaluate the feasibility of automatically enriching API documents with information on usage patterns. For this purpose, we extract and analyze 1,952 usage patterns, from a set of 396 Android applications. As part of our findings, we report that the Android API has many undocumented and non-trivial usage patterns, which can be inferred using association rule mining algorithms. We also describe a field study where a version of the original Android documentation was instrumented with the extracted usage patterns and source code examples. During 17 months, this documentation received 77,863 visits from real Android developers. 6
Massively Parallel Fluid Simulations on Amazon's HPC Cloud

In this paper, we report on the results of numerical experiments in the field of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) on Amazon's HPC cloud. To this end, we benchmarked our MPI-parallel fluid solver NaSt3DGPF on several HPC compute nodes of the cloud system. Our solver can use CPUs and GPUs to calculate the simulation results. With a pre-requested number of instances we observe for both, CPUs and GPUs, good scalability even for a larger number of parallel processes, provided that the GPUs run in the non-ECC mode. Furthermore, we see a high potential for medium sized parallel compute problems which are typically present in industrial engineering applications.
Analyzing Chinese Synthetic Words with Tree-based Information and a Survey on Chinese Morphologically Derived Words

The lack of internal information of Chinese synthetic words has become a crucial problem for Chinese morphological analysis systems which will face various needs of segmentation standards for upper NLP applications in the future. In this paper, we first categorize Chinese synthetic words into several types according to their inside semantic and syntactic structure, and then propose a method to represent these inside information of word by applying a tree-based structure. Then we try to automatically identify the inner morphological structure of 3-character synthetic words by using a large corpus and try to add syntactic tags to their internal structure. We believe that this tree-based word internal information could be useful in specifying a Chinese synthetic word segmentation standard.
Guidelines on small bowel enteroscopy and capsule endoscopy in adults

1.0 Introduction 2.0 Formulation of guidelines 2.1 Grading of recommendations 2.2 Scheduled review 3.0 Summary of recommendations 4.0 Types of small bowel enteroscopy 4.1 Enteroscopy using a colonoscope 4.2 Sonde enteroscopy 4.3 Push enteroscopy 4.4 Intraoperative enteroscopy 4.5 Double balloon (push and pull) enteroscopy 5.0 Capsule endoscopy 5.1. Technique 5.2 Indications for capsule endoscopy 5.3 Complications of capsule endoscopy 5.4 Patency capsule 6.0 Service provision and training References The small bowel has historically been a difficult area to examine due to its anatomy, location and relative tortuosity. Examination beyond the duodenojejunal flexure is of importance in a number of small bowel disorders. Before the advent of enteroscopy or capsule endoscopy, radiographic studies had been the main investigative modality of the small bowel. Barium follow-through and enteroclysis permits indirect examination of the small bowel but has a low diagnostic yield particularly in the context of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.1–3 Capsule endoscopy and enteroscopy are now the preferred methods to examine the small bowel in most situations. These guidelines are intended to provide an evidence based document describing endoscopic investigation of small bowel disorders. These guidelines were commissioned by the Clinical Services and Standards Committee of the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and have been produced by the small bowel and endoscopy sections of the BSG. The guidelines have been produced to conform to the North of England evidence based guidelines development project.4 5 They have been drawn up from a Medline, Embase and Ovid literature search using terms “enteroscopy”, “push enteroscopy”, “intraoperative enteroscopy”, “double balloon enteroscopy” and “capsule endoscopy”. There have been 180 peer review studies, seven review articles, 58 case reports and letters, and one set of American guidelines on enteroscopy.6 The literature search for capsule endoscopy includes 100 peer review studies, 51 review articles, 74 …
Culture of purified stem cells from fetal liver results in loss of in vivo repopulating potential.

The development of in vitro conditions that promote a numerical expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with long-term reconstituting ability has been a long-standing goal in experimental hematology. In previous studies, we showed that input numbers of such cells, i.e., competitive repopulating units (CRU), could be maintained for 2 weeks when purified Sca-1 + Lin-WGA + adult bone marrow (BM) cells were cultured in serum-free and stromal cell-free cultures containing Steel factor (SF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and erythropoietin (Epo). In separate studies, we showed that limiting numbers of purified fetal liver (FL) cells that are highly enriched for CRU display a higher proliferative and self-renewal potential in vivo compared with similar cells purified from adult BM. These findings prompted us to explore the possibility of achieving a numerical expansion of purified FL cells in culture. Although we observed an extensive increase in the number of nucleated FL cells in all culture conditions tested, none of the cultures, including cultures in serum-containing medium and cocultures on a preestablished feeder layer of BM stromal cells of S17 cells, sustained the expected expansion or even supported the maintenance of input numbers of FL CRU. Single cell cultures showed that the production of nucleated cells by purified Sca-1 ++ Lin. -AA4.1 + FL cells stayed behind that of purified Sca-1 + Lin-WGA + adult BM cells. Taken together, our results show that a variety of culture conditions tested, including conditions that support maintenance and limited expansion of adult BM CRU do not support the production of repopulating stem cells from FL. Because such expansion can be observed in vivo, this system appears useful to search for novel culture conditions and-perhaps yet unidentified-cytokines or other microenvironment-related factors that may be required for FL CRU to prevent loss of repopulation potential in vitro and allow these cells to exhibit their expected self-renewal potential.
Development of an ultra-high-temperature process for the enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose. I. The properties of two thermostable beta-glycosidases.

Recombinant beta-glycosidases from hyperthermophilic Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsbetaGly) and Pyrococcus furiosus (CelB) have been characterized with regard to their potential use in lactose hydrolysis at about 70 degrees C or greater. Compared with SsbetaGly, CelB is approximately 15 times more stable against irreversible denaturation by heat, its operational half-life time at 80 degrees C and pH 5.5 being 22 days. The stability of CelB but not that of SsbetaGly is decreased 4-fold in the presence of 200 mM lactose at 80 degrees C. CelB displays a broader pH/activity profile than SsbetaGly, retaining at least 60% enzyme activity between pH 4 and 7. Both enzymes have a similar activation energy for lactose hydrolysis of approximately 75 kJ/mol (pH 5.5), and this is constant between 30 and 95 degrees C. D-Galactose is a weak competitive inhibitor against the release of D-glucose from lactose (Ki approximately 0.3 M), and at 80 degrees C the ratio of Ki, D-galactose to Km,lactose is 2.5 and 4.0 for CelB and SsbetaGly, respectively. SsbetaGly is activated up to 2-fold in the presence of D-glucose with respect to the maximum rate of glycosidic bond cleavage, measured with o-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactoside as the substrate. By contrast, CelB is competitively inhibited by D-glucose and has a Ki of 76 mM. The transfer of the galactosyl group from lactose to acceptors such as lactose or D-glucose rather than water is significant for both enzymes and depends on the initial lactose concentration as well as the time-dependent substrate/product ratio during batchwise lactose conversion. It is approximately 1.8 times higher for SsbetaGly, compared with CelB. Overall, CelB and SsbetaGly share their catalytic properties with much less thermostable beta-glycosidases and thus seem very suitable for lactose hydrolysis at >/=70 degrees C.
Sleep and information processing in individuals who have sustained a traumatic brain injury

Individuals who have sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) often complain oftrouble sleeping and daytime fatigue but little is known about the neurophysiological underpinnings ofthese sleep difficulties. The fragile sleep ofthose with a TBI was predicted to be characterized by impairments in gating, hyperarousal and a breakdown in sleep homeostatic mechanisms. To test these hypotheses, 20 individuals with a TBI (1864 years old, 10 men) and 20 age-matched controls (18-61 years old, 9 men) took part in a comprehensive investigation of their sleep. While TBI participants were not recruited based on sleep complaint, the fmal sample was comprised of individuals with a variety of sleep complaints, across a range of injury severities. Rigorous screening procedures were used to reduce potential confounds (e.g., medication). Sleep and waking data were recorded with a 20-channel montage on three consecutive nights. Results showed dysregulation in sleep/wake mechanisms. The sleep of individuals with a TBI was less efficient than that of controls, as measured by sleep architecture variables. There was a clear breakdown in both spontaneous and evoked K-complexes in those with a TBI. Greater injury severities were associated with reductions in spindle density, though sleep spindles in slow wave sleep were longer for individuals with TBI than controls. Quantitative EEG revealed an impairment in sleep homeostatic mechanisms during sleep in the TBI group. As well, results showed the presence of hyper arousal based on quantitative EEG during sleep. In wakefulness, quantitative EEG showed a clear dissociation in arousal level between TBls with complaints of insomnia and TBls with daytime fatigue. In addition, ERPs indicated that the experience of hyper arousal in persons with a TBI was supported by neural evidence, particularly in wakefulness and
Software Quality Analysis by Object Oriented Approach in Design Phase Using UML

Software Quality is the degree to which a finished product conforms to its specifications. The earlier a fault is detected and is removed the easier it is to fix. Object oriented metrics focus on the combination of functions and data as an integrated object. Object oriented paradigm substantially improves productivity due to the effect of reuse. Requirement specifications, designs and test plans are all artifacts that could potentially be fully or partially be reused in different projects. Object Oriented Methodology is an emerging trend in software development for scientific and business applications. Design of the solution domain has an impact on the overall quality of the software. Merging of all individual design quality metric tools as a package along with other design principles like abstraction and stability could serve the developer better as plug-ins for IDEs.
Efficient Graph Edit Distance Computation and Verification via Anchor-aware Lower Bound Estimation

Graph edit distance (GED) is an important similarity measure adopted in a similarity-based analysis between two graphs, and computing GED is a primitive operator in graph database analysis. Partially due to the NP-hardness, the existing techniques for computing GED are only able to process very small graphs with less than 30 vertices. Motivated by this, in this paper we systematically study the problems of both GED computation, and GED verification (i.e., verify whether the GED between two graphs is no larger than a user-given threshold). Firstly, we develop a unified framework that can be instantiated into either a best-first search approach AStar+ or a depth-first search approach DFS+. Secondly, we design anchor-aware lower bound estimation techniques to compute tighter lower bounds for intermediate search states, which significantly reduce the search spaces of both AStar+ and DFS+. We also propose efficient techniques to compute the lower bounds. Thirdly, based on our unified framework, we contrast AStar+ with DFS+ regarding their time and space complexities, and recommend that AStar+ is better than DFS+ by having a much smaller search space. Extensive empirical studies validate that AStar+ performs better than DFS+, and show that our AStar+-BMa approach outperforms the state-of-the-art technique by more than four orders of magnitude.
Análise dos Fatores Críticos para o Sucesso de Cursos de Graduação em Computação: um estudo de caso na Região Amazônica

The purpose of this article is to identify the Critical Success Factors (CSF) undergraduate courses in Computer. FCS were searched and grouped into four categories: Institution, Teacher, Student and Institution Support Services. Each category consists of several indicators. We used the five point Likert questionnaires to generate quantitative descriptions. The participants were 284 students from two federal universities in the Amazon. The results were determined by statistical analysis of the Likert items in each category. The consistency of the questionnaire was 0.975 according the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that the most important was the FCS Teacher.
Semantic similarity over the gene ontology: family correlation and selecting disjunctive ancestors

Many bioinformatics applications would benefit from comparing proteins based on their biological role rather than their sequence. In most biological databases, proteins are already annotated with ontology terms. Previous studies identified a correlation between the sequence similarity and the semantic similarity of proteins. The semantic similarity of proteins was computed from their annotated GO terms. However, proteins sharing a biological role do not necessarily have a similar sequence.This paper introduces our study of the correlation between GO and family similarity. Family similarity overcomes some of the limitations of sequence similarity, thus we obtained a strong correlation between GO and family similarity. Additionally, this paper introduces GraSM, a novel method that uses all the information in the graph structure of the GO, instead of considering it as a hierarchical tree. When calculating the semantic similarity of two concepts, GraSM selects the disjunctive common ancestors rather than only using the most informative common ancestor. GraSM produced a higher family similarity correlation than the original semantic similarity measures.
Influence of Interlayer Coupling on Current-Induced Domain Wall Motion in Multilayered Nanowires

In this study, influence of interlayer exchange coupling on current-induced domain wall motion in multilayered nanowires for achieving high density bit has been analyzed by using micromagnetic simulation. As a result, the domain walls in the continuous and the granular layers move all together even if the interlayer exchange coupling is 0 erg/cm. The domain wall velocity increases with increasing interlayer exchange coupling. The total energy difference between Néel walls increases with increasing domain wall width due to the magnetostatic field generated from the granular layer.
Uncommon primary tumors of the orbit diagnosed by computed tomography-guided core needle biopsy: report of two cases

Computed tomography-guided percutaneous biopsy is a safe and effective alternative method for evaluating selected intra-orbital lesions where the preoperative diagnosis is important for the therapeutic planning. The authors describe two cases of patients with uncommon primary orbital tumors whose diagnosis was obtained by means of computed tomography-guided core needle biopsy, with emphasis on the technical aspects of the procedure.
Quantification of hepatitis C virus by TaqMan PCR: Comparison with HCV amplicor monitor assay

The quantitation of serum levels of hepatitis C virus RNA in chronic hepatitis C has been regarded as one of the most important indicators for the outcome of interferon therapy. A new method was used for quantitating the copy number of hepatitis C virus RNA using TaqMan polymerase chain reaction and for comparing the ability and usefulness of this assay with Amplicor Monitor assay in 138 patients. The detection range of hepatitis C virus RNA by TaqMan polymerase chain reaction was from 2 × 103 to 2 × 108 copies/ml. Hepatitis C virus RNA was detectable in 128 cases (92.8%) and undetectable in 10 cases (7.2%) by this method. The RNA levels measured by Amplicor Monitor assay correlated significantly with those measured by TaqMan polymerase chain reaction assay and the sensitivity of the two assays was almost equal. Thus, TaqMan polymerase chain reaction assay appears sufficiently sensitive for the evaluation of hepatitis C virus RNA and would be useful for the diagnosis and management of hepatitis C virus infection. J. Med. Virol. 58:121–126, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oncogenic activity of separase

Separase, an endopeptidase, plays a pivotal role in chromosomal segregation by separating sister chromatids during the metaphase to anaphase transition. Using a mouse mammary tumor model we have recently demonstrated that overexpression of Separase induces aneuploidy and tumorigenesis (Zhang et al., 2008, PNAS doi:10.1073). Here we have described our views on the oncogenic activity of Seprase and its possible mechanism of action in the development of aneuploidy and tumorigenesis.
BRCA 1 regulates p 53-dependent gene expression

Mutations in BRCA1 are present in 45% of families that segregate with susceptibility for breast cancer and in 80–90% of families with both breast and ovarian cancer. Here we report that BRCA1 stimulates artificial and genomic promoter constructs containing p53-responsive elements. This activity of BRCA1 depends on the presence of wild-type p53, which was shown by using mouse fibroblasts expressing temperature-sensitive forms of p53, or p53(1y1) and p53(2y2) fibroblasts obtained from p53 knockout mice. Furthermore, mutant forms of BRCA1 lacking the C-terminal second BRCA1 C-terminal (BRCT) domain showed reduced p53-mediated transcriptional activation. Finally, we found that BRCA1 coimmunoprecipitates with p53, in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest a function of BRCA1 as a p53
US infant mortality and the President's party.

BACKGROUND Infant mortality rates in the US exceed those in all other developed countries and in many less developed countries, suggesting political factors may contribute. METHODS Annual time series on overall, White and Black infant mortality rates in the US were analysed over the 1965-2010 time period to ascertain whether infant mortality rates varied across presidential administrations. Data were de-trended using cubic splines and analysed using both graphical and time series regression methods. RESULTS Across all nine presidential administrations, infant mortality rates were below trend when the President was a Democrat and above trend when the President was a Republican. This was true for overall, neonatal and postneonatal mortality. Regression estimates show that, relative to trend, Republican administrations were characterized by infant mortality rates that were, on average, 3% higher than Democratic administrations. In proportional terms, effect size is similar for US Whites and Blacks. US Black rates are more than twice as high as White, implying substantially larger absolute effects for Blacks. CONCLUSIONS We found a robust, quantitatively important association between net of trend US infant mortality rates and the party affiliation of the president. There may be overlooked ways by which macro-dynamics of policy impact microdynamics of physiology, suggesting the political system is a component of the underlying mechanism generating health inequality in the USA.