Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
State-dependent Regulation of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Gating by a High Affinity Fe3+ Bridge between the Regulatory Domain and Cytoplasmic Loop 3*

The unique regulatory (R) domain differentiates the human CFTR channel from other ATP-binding cassette transporters and exerts multiple effects on channel function. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, an intracellular high affinity (2.3 × 10−19 m) Fe3+ bridge is reported as a novel approach to regulating channel gating. It inhibited CFTR activity by primarily reducing an open probability and an opening rate, and inhibition was reversed by EDTA and phenanthroline. His-950, His-954, Cys-832, His-775, and Asp-836 were found essential for inhibition and phosphorylated Ser-768 may enhance Fe3+ binding. More importantly, inhibition by Fe3+ was state-dependent. Sensitivity to Fe3+ was reduced when the channel was locked in an open state by AMP-PNP. Similarly, a K978C mutation from cytoplasmic loop 3 (CL3), which promotes ATP-independent channel opening, greatly weakened inhibition by Fe3+ no matter whether NBD2 was present or not. Therefore, although ATP binding-induced dimerization of NBD1-NBD2 is required for channel gating, regulation of CFTR activity by Fe3+ may involve an interaction between the R domain and CL3. These findings may support proximity of the R domain to the cytoplasmic loops. They also suggest that Fe3+ homeostasis may play a critical role in regulating pathophysiological CFTR activity because dysregulation of this protein causes cystic fibrosis, secretary diarrhea, and infertility.
Improved Atmospheric Density Estimation and Characterization of Uncertainty

Precise knowledge of the density in the upper atmosphere is a vital component of the orbit determination process for low Earth orbit, as inaccuracies in the estimation of atmospheric drag are the primary source of uncertainty for satellites in low Earth orbit. The need for a more accurate knowledge of the density of the upper atmosphere has led to the development of atmospheric density derived from precision satellite orbits. This method, using the Precise Orbit Ephemerides (POE) for a satellite, requires refinement and validation before it can be used on a larger scale. Additionally, the uncertainty of this method is not well documented. To improve these atmospheric density models, the POE densities are calculated and compared to the accelerometer derived densities for a majority of the lifetime of both the Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites to provide a more robust understanding of the effectiveness of these models. Additionally, the framework has been set so that future satellite missions can easily be ingested and analyzed without a substantial amount of work. In a few locations in the accelerometer derived densities, there are gaps that must be filled. By using a separate accelerometer density method, the first, more reliable accelerometer method can be patched in these locations to allow for a much more robust method. This combined density allows for a more effective evaluation of the POE densities.
Economic and Social Satisfaction of Buyers on Consumer-to-Consumer Platforms: The Role of Relational Capital

ABSTRACT We empirically investigate how sellers’ website quality affects buyers’ economic and social satisfaction, which in turn influences buyers’ repurchase intentions in consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce contexts. In addition, we examine how the effects exerted by economic and social satisfaction on repurchase intentions are moderated by relational capital between buyers and sellers. Data collected from 311 buyers on the TaoBao website provide strong support for the proposed model. The results indicate that information quality exerts a stronger impact on economic satisfaction than does service quality. Service quality exerts a stronger impact on social satisfaction than does information quality. System quality has no effect on economic or social satisfaction. Economic satisfaction can contribute to buyers’ repurchase intentions, but the impact of social satisfaction on repurchase intentions is insignificant. Furthermore, relational capital positively moderates the effect of social satisfaction on repurchase intentions, whereas it has no moderating role in the relationship between economic satisfaction and repurchase intentions. Our study advances the theoretical understanding of the information systems success model in the C2C e-commerce context. The results also inform online sellers that they should more strategically improve website quality dimensions according to different types of buyers’ satisfaction and take advantage of relational capital in order to facilitate buyers’ repurchase intentions.
Formalising the Chisel Feature Notation

The CHISEL notation was developed by Bellcore as an informal graphical notation for describing telecomms services and features. CRESS (CHISEL Representation Employing Systematic Specification) is an enhanced version of CHISEL with tightly defined rules for the syntax and static semantics of diagrams. More importantly, CRESS has formal denotations given by SDL (Specification and Description Language) and LOTOS (Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification). This permits rigorous checking, analysis and prototyping of descriptions. The accompanying toolset has been written in an open and extensible manner.
Interaction of the N- and C-terminal Autoregulatory Domains of FRL2 Does Not Inhibit FRL2 Activity*

Formin homology proteins are a highly conserved family of cytoskeletal remodeling proteins best known for their ability to induce the formation of long unbranched actin filaments. They accomplish this by nucleating the de novo polymerization of F-actin and also by acting as F-actin barbed end “leaky cappers” that allow filament elongation while antagonizing the function of capping proteins. More recently, it has been reported that the FH2 domains of FRL1 and mDia2 and the plant formin AFH1 are able to bind and bundle actin filaments via distinct mechanisms. We find that like FRL1, FRL2 and FRL3 are also able to bind and bundle actin filaments. In the case of FRL3, this activity is dependent upon a proximal DAD/WH2-like domain that is found C-terminal to the FH2 domain. In addition, we show that, like other Diaphanous-related formins, FRL3 activity is subject to autoregulation mediated by the interaction between its N-terminal DID and C-terminal DAD. In contrast, the DID and DAD of FRL2 also interact in vivo and in vitro but without inhibiting FRL2 activity. These data suggest that current models describing DID/DAD autoregulation via steric hindrance of FH2 activity must be revised. Finally, unlike other formins, we find that the FH2 and N-terminal dimerization domains of FRL2 and FRL3 are able to form hetero-oligomers.
Auditory Stimulus Discrimination from MEG Data

We consider Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data in a signal detection framework. Our data set consists of responses evoked by the voiced syllables /bO/ and /dO/ and the corresponding voiceless syllables /pO/ and /tO/. The data yield well to principal component analysis (PCA), with a reasonable subspace in the order of three components out of 37 channels. To discriminate between responses to the voiced and voiceless versions of a consonant we form a feature vector by either matched AEltering or wavelet packet decomposition and use a mixture-of-experts model to classify the stimuli. Both choices of a feature vector lead to a signiAEcant detection accuracy. Furthermore, we show how to estimate the onset time of a stimulus from a continuous data stream.
Explaining Results from Information Retrieval and Integration

Information retrieval and integration systems typically must handle incomplete and inconsistent data. Current approaches attempt to reconcile discrepant information by leveraging data quality, user preferences, or source provenance information. Such approaches may overlook the fact that information is interpreted relative to its context. Therefore, discrepancies may be explained and thereby resolved if contexts are taking into account. In this paper, we describe an information integrator that is capable of explaining its results. We focus on using knowledge of an assumption context learned through decision tree-based classification to inform the explanations. We further discuss some benefits and difficulties of applying assumption context in information retrieval. Finally, we indicate how to use Inference Web to explain discrepancies resulting from information retrieval and integration applications.
Real Time Driving Data Collection and Driver Verification using CMAC-MFCC

There have been numerous studies in understanding driver behavior for purpose of understanding contributing factors to high accident rates. Driving abnormalities could be one of the many factors affecting accidents and if it can be detected this will help prevent accidents. In this paper we present simple and effective methods for an in-car data acquisition in collecting real time driving data. These data will be used to investigate the effectiveness of driver behavior, focusing on driver’s response to the brake and gas pedals as well as its rate of change. From these data, we will demonstrate simple yet effective technique in driver verification. Driver profiles were created using the cerebellum model articulation controller (CMAC) feature map taking inputs from the brake and gas pedals pressure signals. From the CMAC outputs, relevant features were extracted using Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC). These features were used to verify drivers using multi layer perceptron (MLP) as classifiers. The performance of the driver verification indicates positive development in the area of intelligent vehicle driver verification system that may enhance the driver’s security, safety and comfort in driving.
Isolation and characterization of atrazine‐degrading strain Shewanella sp. YJY4 from cornfield soil

Atrazine has been used worldwide for over 50 years as a chemical herbicide. A strain of bacteria, YJY4 which utilizes atrazine as its sole nitrogen source for growth was isolated from agricultural black soil in northeastern China. 16S rDNA sequencing identified YJY4 as a Shewanella sp. PCR analysis and sequencing confirmed that YJY4 contained atrazine‐degrading atzA, atzB and atzC genes. These genes revealed high similarity with those in Pseudomonas sp. ADP and Arthrobacter sp. TC1. The strain YJY4 was observed to degrade atrazine (100 mg l−1) to cyanuric acid completely after 36 h. To the best of our knowledge, YJY4 was the first reported Shewanella sp. to grow in pure culture with atrazine serving as a sole source of nitrogen. Therefore, YJY4 may help with atrazine biodegradation and may become an abundant resource of atrazine degradation strains.
Safety and Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine in 9–16 Year Olds: A Randomized, Controlled, Phase II Trial in Latin America

Background: The dengue virus is a member of the Flavivirus (FV) genus, which also includes the yellow fever virus. Dengue disease is caused by any 1 of 4 dengue virus serotypes and is a serious public health concern in Latin America. This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a candidate recombinant, live-attenuated, tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) in 9–16 year olds in Latin America. Methods: In this randomized, blinded, controlled study, volunteers received either 3 doses of CYD-TDV (n = 401) or placebo as first and second injection and tetanus/diphtheria/acellular pertussis vaccine as third injection (n = 199) at 0, 6 and 12 months. Adverse events were documented. Plaque reduction neutralization test antibody titers against the 4 CYD-TDV parental strains were measured before and 28 days after each dose. Seropositivity was defined as antibody titers ≥10 1/dil. Results: The number of adverse reactions decreased after each successive CYD-TDV dose. After each CYD-TDV dose, antibody titers against all 4 serotypes were higher than baseline and respective predose titers. After the third dose of CYD-TDV, 100%, 98.6% and 93.4% of participants were seropositive for at least 2, at least 3 or all 4 serotypes, respectively. Higher antibody titers were observed in participants in the CYD-TDV group who were FV-seropositive at baseline compared with those who were FV-seronegative. Conclusions: CYD-TDV had a favorable safety profile and elicited antibody responses against all 4 dengue virus serotypes in 9–16 year olds in Latin America. These findings support the continued development of CYD-TDV.
Space-time gestures

A method for learning, tracking, and recognizing human gestures using a view-based approach to model articulated objects is presented. Objects are represented using sets of view models, rather than single templates. Stereotypical space-time patterns, i.e., gestures, are then matched to stored gesture patterns using dynamic time warping. Real-time performance is achieved by using special purpose correlation hardware and view prediction to prune as much of the search space as possible. Both view models and view predictions are learned from examples. Results showing tracking and recognition of human hand gestures at over 10 Hz are presented. <<ETX>>
Impact of FinFET technology for power gating in nano-scale design

This paper presents the first detailed analysis of power gating structures in sub-nano scale FinFET circuits. FinFETs are compared with their bulk CMOS counterpart devices to gain design perspective for purposes of power-gating applications. Circuit performance, power, and leakage are analyzed. TCAD device/circuit mixed-mode simulations for a FinFET-based ring oscillator with footer structure are employed to study the implications of the physical properties of FinFET power-gating devices. A critical evaluation of the virtual ground bounce for the proposed power-gating scheme is presented providing an insight into low-power applications in FinFET circuits. For low voltage operation the ground bounce is found comparable to that of bulk-Si while maintaining 40% reduction in delay. FinFET specific design metrics are analyzed as function of power-gating device size in the power-gating structure indicating larger leakage current sensitivity compared to bulk and room for leakage envelope optimization.
Colored Fine Resin Particles and Production Process Thereof, Aqueous Dispersion of Colored Fine Resin Particles and Production Process Thereof, Ink, Ink Cartridge, Recording Unit, Ink-Jet Recording Apparatus, and Ink-Jet Recording Process

The present invention provides a water resistance, weather resistance and scratch and last (rub-off resistance) and good image can provide a useful and colored fine resin particles and a method of manufacturing an ink color material for an excellent dispersion stability. The colored fine resin particles has a structure encapsulated with a copolymer composed of a pigment is a polymerizable unsaturated monomer and a reactive emulsifying agent at least one covered with a water-insoluble resin. Water resistance, weather resistance, scratch and last, ink, colored fine resin particles, pigment
rubella virus

A latex enzyme immunoassay (LEIA) for detecting IgG class antibody to rubella virus was compared with the latex agglutination test (LA) and a haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI). Of 243 sera tested, four discrepant results were observed among all three techniques, corresponding to borderline values. Except for one sample containing specific IgM class antibody, the difference between quantitative results from each pair of tests was always within a value corresponding to two doubling dilutions and was considered to have acceptable variation. The LEIA technique allowed 10 seroconversions to be detected, as determined by the other techniques. The LEIA required a single 1 in 8 sample dilution, took 30 minutes, and provided a useful alternative assay for the quantitation of rubella antibodies. Serodiagnostic tests for rubella are universally used to confirm rubella infection and to determine immune state. The haemagglutination inhibition assay (HI) is still used for the quantitation of rubella antibodies in France even though false positive reactions may result from residual non-specific inhibitors. Because of rubella immunisation programmes and the need to determine the immunity of women before they become pregnant, new and rapid qualitative assays have been developed. In particular, the latex agglutination test (LA) requires no pretreatment of serum or elaborate equipment and can be performed in a matter of minutes. Qualitative results of the rubella latex tests were reported to correlate well with those of the HI. '-5 But for titrating antibody, these LA card tests are not very appropriate because of the need to repeat the test with increased dilutions and the subjective titre reading. We therefore recently developed an assay using the same antigen sensitised latex either in an LA test or in a microparticle enzyme immunoassay for quantitation of IgG antibodies to human cytomegalovirus.6 In this study we assessed whether the same Rubella virus antigen sensitised particles could be used for latex agglutination or for latex enzyme immunoassay (LEIA). The technique differed from that used for cytomegalovirus antibodies in that it required different material and procedure and a shorter turn around time. The level of detection was arbitrarily set at 10 IU/ml, as the clinical importance of titres below 10-15 IU/ml has not been well established.47
Raw Sewage Harbors Diverse Viral Populations

ABSTRACT At this time, about 3,000 different viruses are recognized, but metagenomic studies suggest that these viruses are a small fraction of the viruses that exist in nature. We have explored viral diversity by deep sequencing nucleic acids obtained from virion populations enriched from raw sewage. We identified 234 known viruses, including 17 that infect humans. Plant, insect, and algal viruses as well as bacteriophages were also present. These viruses represented 26 taxonomic families and included viruses with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), positive-sense ssRNA [ssRNA(+)], and dsRNA genomes. Novel viruses that could be placed in specific taxa represented 51 different families, making untreated wastewater the most diverse viral metagenome (genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples) examined thus far. However, the vast majority of sequence reads bore little or no sequence relation to known viruses and thus could not be placed into specific taxa. These results show that the vast majority of the viruses on Earth have not yet been characterized. Untreated wastewater provides a rich matrix for identifying novel viruses and for studying virus diversity. IMPORTANCE At this time, virology is focused on the study of a relatively small number of viral species. Specific viruses are studied either because they are easily propagated in the laboratory or because they are associated with disease. The lack of knowledge of the size and characteristics of the viral universe and the diversity of viral genomes is a roadblock to understanding important issues, such as the origin of emerging pathogens and the extent of gene exchange among viruses. Untreated wastewater is an ideal system for assessing viral diversity because virion populations from large numbers of individuals are deposited and because raw sewage itself provides a rich environment for the growth of diverse host species and thus their viruses. These studies suggest that the viral universe is far more vast and diverse than previously suspected. At this time, virology is focused on the study of a relatively small number of viral species. Specific viruses are studied either because they are easily propagated in the laboratory or because they are associated with disease. The lack of knowledge of the size and characteristics of the viral universe and the diversity of viral genomes is a roadblock to understanding important issues, such as the origin of emerging pathogens and the extent of gene exchange among viruses. Untreated wastewater is an ideal system for assessing viral diversity because virion populations from large numbers of individuals are deposited and because raw sewage itself provides a rich environment for the growth of diverse host species and thus their viruses. These studies suggest that the viral universe is far more vast and diverse than previously suspected.
Exploring Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Resource Sharing Efficiency for High Performance Computing

The increasing incorporation of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) as accelerators has been one of the forefront High Performance Computing (HPC) trends and provides unprecedented performance; however, the prevalent adoption of the Single-Program Multiple-Data (SPMD) programming model brings with it challenges of resource underutilization. In other words, under SPMD, every CPU needs GPU capability available to it. However, since CPUs generally outnumber GPUs, the asymmetric resource distribution gives rise to overall computing resource underutilization. In this paper, we propose to efficiently share the GPU under SPMD and formally define a series of GPU sharing scenarios. We provide performance-modeling analysis for each sharing scenario with accurate experimentation validation. With the modeling basis, we further conduct experimental studies to explore potential GPU sharing efficiency improvements from multiple perspectives. Both further theoretical and experimental GPU sharing performance analysis and results are presented. Our results not only demonstrate the significant performance gain for SPMD programs with the proposed efficient GPU sharing, but also the further improved sharing efficiency with the optimization techniques based on our accurate modeling.
Early mucosal healing with infliximab is associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes in ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS In the Active Ulcerative Colitis Trial (ACT)-1 and ACT-2, patients with ulcerative colitis treated with infliximab were more likely than those given placebo to have a clinical response, undergo remission, and have mucosal healing. We investigated the association between early improvement (based on endoscopy) and subsequent clinical outcome. METHODS Patients underwent endoscopic evaluations at weeks 0, 8, 30, and 54 (ACT-1 only), and were categorized into 4 subgroups by week 8 (Mayo endoscopy subscore, 0-3). The association of week 8 endoscopy subscores, subsequent colectomy risk, symptoms and corticosteroid use outcomes were analyzed. Mucosal healing was defined as a Mayo endoscopy subscore of 0 (normal) or 1 (mild). RESULTS Infliximab-treated patients with lower week 8 endoscopy subscores were less likely to progress to colectomy through 54 weeks of follow-up evaluation (P=.0004). This trend was not observed among patients given placebo (P=.47). Patients with lower endoscopy subscores achieved better symptomatic and corticosteroid use outcomes at weeks 30 and 54 (P<.0001, infliximab; P<.01, placebo). Among patients who achieved clinical response at week 8, trends in subsequent clinical outcomes by week 8 endoscopy subscores were generally consistent with that for the overall patient population; no trends were observed among patients who achieved clinical remission. CONCLUSIONS The degree of mucosal healing after 8 weeks of infliximab was correlated with improved clinical outcomes including colectomy. Similar trends were observed for all outcomes except colectomy among the subgroup with clinical response at week 8. The degree of mucosal healing at week 8 among those in clinical remission did not predict subsequent disease course.