Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Charge storage efficiency (CSE) effect in modeling the incremental step pulse programming (ISPP) in charge-trapping 3D NAND flash devices

A CSE (charge storage efficiency) model is proposed to explain the origin of ISPP slope degradation for various charge-trapping NAND Flash devices. Experimentally it is often observed that the programming window is generally degraded as device dimension scales [1], suggesting a strong size effect. Through our model analysis, it is clarified that for a given amount of trapped electron density in the nitride, the programmed Vt shift is gradually reduced with scaled device dimension owing to the increased fringe field effect. The fringe-field effect can be viewed as the increase of effective top-oxide capacitance, leading to the reduced weighting factor of charge storage. We therefore define a CSE value (<;1) to quantitatively account for the fringe field effect that retards the FN programming. Our model suggests that the ISPP slope is equal to CSE. Furthermore, CSE also impacts the stored electron number, retention, and interference. Optimization methods to improve CSE are studied.
Heterogeneous Multi-Hop Transmission of Compressed ECG Data from Wireless Body Area Network

Nowadays, the healthcare market keeps growing with an increasing aging population. As a promising technology, a body area network (BAN) consisting of biomedical sensors across a human body can gather vital life signals such as electrocardiogram (ECG), pulse, and blood pressure to facilitate effective diagnosis. The BAN can be further integrated with existing wireless infrastructure to offer mHealth services. In this paper, we analyze the transmission performance of compressed ECG data over a heterogeneous multi-hop wireless channel. The ECG data from a BAN are compressed and sent through a Bluetooth-enabled ECG monitor to a smart phone and thereafter to a cellular base station. Due to potentially life-threatening situations, timely delivery of ECG data is an essential requirement. Exploiting the inherent heartbeat pattern in ECG traffic, we introduce a context-aware packetization for ECG transmission. Further, a non-preemptive priority rule is applied to mitigate the impact of background traffic and prioritize the transmission of critical ECG data. Then, we analytically evaluate the overall transmission delay of ECG packets.
Deep X-Ray Observations of Supernova Remnants G359.1-0.5 and G359.0-0.9 with ASCA

We present the results of deep ASCA observations of two shell-like radio supernova remnants (SNRs) located in the direction to the Galactic center (GC) region. Unlike the radio morphology, G 359.1 0.5 shows center-filled X-rays with prominent Klines of He-like silicon and H-like sulfur. The plasma requires at least two temperature components: a silicon-dominated cool plasma of 0.6 keV temperature and a sulfur- dominated higher temperature plasma of 4.4 keV. Because the absorption column is � 6×10 22 H cm −2 , this SNR would be near to the GC. The spherical plasma is attributable to supernova ejecta with the total mass of Si and S being about 0.1 M⊙ and 0.3 M⊙, respectively. X-rays from G 359.0 0.9 trace the partial shell structure of the radio emission. The spectrum is well fitted to a single-temperature plasma of 0.4 keV with a non-solar abundance of magnesium or iron. Because the absorption column is not very large, � 1.8×10 22 H cm −2 , G 359.0 0.9 would be in front of the GC region. The total supernova energy, interstellar density near to the X-ray emitting shell and age of the SNR are estimated to be 1.2 × 10 51 erg, 0.5 cm −3 , and 1.8×10 4 yr, respectively. We also discuss possible implications on the origin of the large-scale hot plasma surrounding the GC.
Adolescents’ Interpersonal Relationships with Friends, Parents, and Teachers When Using Facebook for Interaction

The purpose of the study is to investigate the adolescents’ interpersonal relationships with friends, parents, and teachers when using Facebook for interaction. A total of 740 junior high school students were invited to fill in a questionnaire and 673 questionnaires were available. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and paired-samples t-test. The analytic result confirms that adolescents with high frequency use of Facebook for interactions can expand their interpersonal relationships with friends than those who with low frequency use, regardless of real-life or virtual relationships. However, their real-life interpersonal relationships with parents may weaken if overly use Internet tools for interactions. Another finding, eliminating the factor of the time on Facebook use, reveals that the adolescents’ real-life interpersonal relationships are stronger than virtual interpersonal relationships, regardless of with friends, parents, and teachers. Combining the above two findings, it is worth noting that the real-life interaction with parents may reduce if overly use Internet tools for interactions. This study contributes to the literature by investigating the adolescents’ relationships with friends, parents and teachers and indicates the potential program when adolescents using Facebook use for interaction. This study, thus, further recommends that parents should be concerned their children about Facebook use.
Inflammatory arthritis in caspase 1 gene-deficient mice: contribution of proteinase 3 to caspase 1-independent production of bioactive interleukin-1beta.

OBJECTIVE Caspase 1, a known cysteine protease, is a critical component of the inflammasome. Both caspase 1 and neutrophil serine proteases such as proteinase 3 (PR3) can process pro-interleukin-1beta (proIL-1beta), a crucial cytokine linked to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. This study was undertaken to establish the relative importance of caspase 1 and serine proteases in mouse models of acute and chronic inflammatory arthritis. METHODS Acute and chronic arthritis were induced in caspase 1-/- mice, and the lack of caspase 1 was investigated for its effects on joint swelling, cartilage metabolism, and histopathologic features. In addition, caspase 1 activity was inhibited in mice lacking active cysteine proteases, and the effects of dual blockade of caspase 1 and serine proteases on arthritis severity and histopathologic features were evaluated. RESULTS Surprisingly, caspase 1-/- mice, in a model of acute (neutrophil-dominated) arthritis, developed joint swelling to an extent similar to that in wild-type control mice. Joint fluid concentrations of bioactive IL-1beta were comparable in caspase 1-/- mice and controls. In contrast, induction of chronic arthritis (characterized by minimal numbers of neutrophils) in caspase 1-/- mice led to reduced joint inflammation and less cartilage damage, implying a caspase 1-dependent role in this process. In mice lacking neutrophil serine PR3, inhibition of caspase 1 activity resulted in decreased bioactive IL-1beta concentrations in the synovial tissue and less suppression of chondrocyte anabolic function. In addition, dual blockade of both PR3 and caspase 1 led to protection against cartilage and bone destruction. CONCLUSION Caspase 1 deficiency does not affect neutrophil-dominated joint inflammation, whereas in chronic arthritis, the lack of caspase 1 results in reduced joint inflammation and cartilage destruction. These findings suggest that inhibitors of caspase 1 are not able to interfere with the whole spectrum of IL-1beta production, and therefore such inhibitors may be of therapeutic value only in inflammatory conditions in which limited numbers of neutrophils are present.
A novel strategy for the rapid preparation and isolation of intact immune complexes from peptide mixtures

The development and application of a miniaturized affinity system for the preparation and release of intact immune complexes are demonstrated. Antibodies were reversibly affinity‐adsorbed on pipette tips containing protein G´ and protein A, respectively. Antigen proteins were digested with proteases and peptide mixtures were exposed to attached antibodies; forming antibody–epitope complexes, that is, immune complexes. Elution with millimolar indole propionic acid (IPA)‐containing buffers under neutral pH conditions allowed to effectively isolate the intact immune complexes in purified form. Size exclusion chromatography was performed to determine the integrity of the antibody–epitope complexes. Mass spectrometric analysis identified the epitope peptides in the respective SEC fractions. His‐tag‐containing recombinant human glucose‐6‐phosphate isomerase in combination with an anti‐His‐tag monoclonal antibody was instrumental to develop the method. Application was extended to the isolation of the intact antibody–epitope complex of a recombinant human tripartite motif 21 (rhTRIM21) auto‐antigen in combination with a rabbit polyclonal anti‐TRIM21 antibody. Peptide chip analysis showed that antibody–epitope binding of rhTRIM21 peptide antibody complexes was not affected by the presence of IPA in the elution buffer. By contrast, protein G´ showed an ion charge structure by electrospray mass spectrometry that resembled a denatured conformation when exposed to IPA‐containing buffers. The advantages of this novel isolation strategy are low sample consumption and short experimental duration in addition to the direct and robust methodology that provides easy access to intact antibody–antigen complexes under neutral pH and low salt conditions for subsequent investigations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution Processed Silver Sulfide Thin Films for Filament Memory Applications

Filament Memories based on resistive switching have been attracting attention in recent years as a potential replacement for flash memory in CMOS technology and as a potential candidate memory for low-cost, large-area electronics. These memories operate at low voltages with fast switching speeds. These devices are based on ionic conduction through an electrolyte layer and differ fundamentally in operation from conventional flash memory, which is based on the field effect transistor. To facilitate development of this technology, effects of film structure on ionic and electronic conducting properties and the filament formation processes must be studied.In this work, silver sulfide, a mixed ionic-electronic conductor, is used as a model material for studying the solution processing of filament memories, and to study the impact of film structure on conducting and switching properties. Three different solution processing methods are investigated for depositing silver sulfide: sulfidation of elemental silver films, and sintering of two types of silver sulfide nanoparticles. Effects of nanoparticle sintering conditions on electrolyte structured and mixed conducting properties are investigated by a combination of X-ray diffraction, electrical impedance spectroscopy and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Impact of forming voltage and time on filament morphology is examined to provide an overall view of the impact of electrical and material parameters on device operation.
A Changed Economy with Unchanged Universities? A Contribution to the University of the Future

Individualised open and distance learning at the university continuing education and post-graduate education levels is a central issue of today. The advanced information and communication technologies together with several applications offer new perspectives, such as the so-called virtual university. Simultaneously, to gain market share, several organisational arrangements are emerging in the virtual university field, like consortia arrangements and joint venture initiatives between and among institutions and organisations. The dynamically changing social and economical environment where we live claims for new approaches to virtual and flexible university continuing and post-graduate education, such as the concept of Agile/Virtual University proposed by the authors. However, the implementation of this concept (and of other similar concepts) does not rely just on basic information and communication infrastructure, neither on dispersedly developed applications. Although absolutely necessary as support, the added value comes from the higher-level functions to support individualised learning projects. The implementation of the Agile/Virtual University concept requires a framework and a specific supporting environment, a Market of Teaching Resources, which are discussed in the article.
Pixel-exact rendering of spacetime finite element solutions

Computational simulation of time-varying physical processes is of fundamental importance for many scientific and engineering applications. Most frequently, time-varying simulations are performed over multiple spatial grids at discrete points in time. We investigate a new approach to time-varying simulation: spacetime discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods. The result of this simulation method is a simplicial tessellation of spacetime with per-element polynomial solutions for physical quantities such as strain, stress, and velocity. To provide accurate visualizations of the resulting solutions, we have developed a method for per-pixel evaluation of solution data on the GPU. We demonstrate the importance of per-pixel rendering versus simple linear interpolation for producing high quality visualizations. We also show that our system can accommodate reasonably large datasets - spacetime meshes containing up to 20 million tetrahedra are not uncommon in this domain.
An approach for auto bridge inspection based on climbing robot

Bridge inspection is a critical responsibility and essential task. Currently, many bridges should be inspected periodically for safety tests. Also, the maintenance and repair cost of bridges has rapidly increased every year, because the conventional methods such as bridge-detection vehicle and human visual inspection are time-consuming, expensive and lack quantitative objectivity. This paper proposes an approach and develops a system for auto bridge crack detection based on our well-developed bridge-climbing robot, which collects crack images with a high-resolution camera. In order to extract cracks and features automatically, a crack detection algorithm is proposed in this paper. There exits challenging issue on discriminating the real bridge crack from fake bridge crack, which does not harm the safety of the bridge. An approach of line structured light is proposed to address the issue. By combining the proposed crack inspection algorithm and line structured light method, the crack can be extracted and analyzed precisely. Some tests are conducted and both results verified the proposed inspection method and the developed system.
Towards a meta motion planner B: algorithm and applications

In a companion paper (see Proceedings of ICRA 2001) we developed a framework for rating or comparing navigation packages. For a given environment a navigation package consists of a motion planner and a sensor to be used during navigation. The ability to rate or measure a navigation package is important in order to address issues like sensor customization for an environment and choice of a motion planner in an environment. In this paper we present the algorithm which we use in order to rate a given navigation package. Under the framework which was presented previously, a partially observable Markov decision process is defined. The algorithm searches for an optimal policy to be employed in this decision process. We briefly review the problem and framework, develop the algorithm and present experimental results.
OpenVL: A task-based abstraction for developer-friendly computer vision

Research into computer vision techniques has far outpaced the development of interfaces (such as APIs) to support the techniques' accessibility, especially to developers who are not experts in the field. We present a new description-based interface designed to be mainstream-developer-friendly while retaining sufficient power and flexibility to solve a wide variety of computer vision problems. The interface presents vision at the task level (hiding algorithmic detail) and uses a task-based description derived from definitions of vision problems. We show that after interpretation, the description can be used to invoke an appropriate method to provide the developer's requested result. Our implementation interprets the description and invokes various vision methods with automatically derived parameters, which we demonstrate on a range of tasks.
A Strong Designated Verifiable DL Based Signcryption Scheme

This paper presents a strong designated verifiable signcryption scheme, in which a message is signcrypted by a signcryptor and only a specific receiver, who called a "designated verifier", verifies it using his own secret key. The scheme is secure, as an adversary can not verify the signature even if the secret key of the signer is compromised or leaked. The security of the proposed scheme lies in the complexity of solving two computationally hard problems, namely, the Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP) and the Integer Factorization Problem (IFP). The security analysis of the scheme has been done and it is proved that, the proposed scheme can withstand an adaptive chosen ciphertext attack. This scheme can be very useful in organizations where there is a need to send confidential documents to a specific recipient. This scheme can also be applicable to real life scenarios, such as, e-commerce applications, e-banking and e-voting.
A comparative overview of two transimpedance amplifiers for biosensing applications

This work compares two CMOS front-end transimpedance amplifiers (TIA) for use in optical biosensors. They are the shunt-feedback and current-mode circuits, the most widely used for wideband operation. The former consists of a three-stage nested-Miller-compensated (NMC) amplifier in non-inverting mode with a photodiode (PD) bootstrapping and a controlled voltage gain; the latter comprises a wideband common-gate feedback (CGFB) current mirror coupled to a current-to-voltage conversion stage and two common-source gain stages. The simulation results show that the shunt-feedback TIA achieves a maximal gain of 112 dBΩ over a 2 MHz bandwidth, whereas the current-mode TIA has a flat gain of roughly 83 dBΩ over a 115 MHz bandwidth. The overall input rms noise of each circuit was 185pA/√Hz and 53nA/√Hz, respectively, with power consumptions of 0.5 mW and 28.6 mW. It is concluded that the shunt-feedback TIA is a better choice for low to mid-frequency applications.
A network-based model for high-dimensional information filtering

The Vector Space Model has been and to a great extent still is the de facto choice for profile representation in content-based Information Filtering. However, user profiles represented as weighted keyword vectors have inherent dimensionality problems. As the number of profile keywords increases, the vector representation becomes ambiguous, due to the exponential increase in the volume of the vector space and in the number of possible keyword combinations. We argue that the complexity and dynamics of Information Filtering require user profile representations which are resilient and resistant to this "curse of dimensionality". A user profile has to be able to incorporate many features and to adapt to a variety of interest changes. We propose an alternative, network-based profile representation that meets these challenging requirements. Experiments show that the network profile representation can more effectively capture additional information about a user's interests and thus achieve significant performance improvements over a vector-based representation comprising the same weighted keywords.
Stent-Assisted Coiling of Intracranial Aneurysms: Clinical and Angiographic Results in 216 Consecutive Aneurysms

Background and Purpose— Stent-assisted coiling has expanded the treatment of intracranial aneurysms, but the rates of procedure-related neurological complications and the incidence of angiographic aneurysm recurrence of this novel treatment are not yet well known. We present our experience with stent-assisted coiling with special emphasis on procedure-related neurological complications and incidence of angiographic recurrence. Methods— Clinical and angiographic outcomes of 1137 consecutive patients (1325 aneurysms) coiled with and without stent-assisted coiling technique from January 2002 to January 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Results— There were 1109 aneurysms (83.5%) treated without and 216 (16.5%) treated with stents (15 of 216; 6.9% balloon-expandable versus 201 of 216; 93.1% self-expandable stents). Stents were delivered after coiling in 55.1% (119 of 216) and before coiling in 44.9% (97 of 216) of the cases. Permanent neurological procedure-related complications occurred in 7.4% (16 of 216) of the procedures with stents versus 3.8% (42 of 1109) in the procedures without stents (logistic regression P=0.644; OR: 1.289; 95% CI: 0.439 to 3.779). Procedure-induced mortality occurred in 4.6% (10 of 216) of the procedures with stents versus 1.2% (13 of 1109) in the procedures without stents (logistic regression P=0.006; OR: 0.116; 95% CI: 0.025 to 0.531). A total of 52.7% (114 of 216) of aneurysms treated with stents have been followed so far versus 69.8% (774 of 1109) of aneurysms treated without stents, disclosing angiographic recurrence in 14.9% (17 of 114) versus 33.5% (259 of 774), respectively (Fisher exact test P<0.0001; OR: 0.3485; 95% CI: 0.2038 to 0.5960). Conclusions— Stents were associated with a significant decrease of angiographic recurrences, but they were associated with more lethal complications compared with coiling without stents.
Molecular Diagnostics, Targeted Therapy, and the Indication for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

In recent years, the panel of known molecular mutations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been continuously increased. In Philadelphia-positive ALL, deletions of the IKZF1 gene were identified as prognostically adverse factors. These improved insights in the molecular background and the clinical heterogeneity of distinct cytogenetic subgroups may allow most differentiated therapeutic decisions, for example, with respect to the indication to allogeneic HSCT within genetically defined ALL subtypes. Quantitative real-time PCR allows highly sensitive monitoring of the minimal residual disease (MRD) load, either based on reciprocal gene fusions or immune gene rearrangements. Molecular diagnostics provided the basis for targeted therapy concepts, for example, combining the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib with chemotherapy in patients with Philadelphia-positive ALL. Screening for BCR-ABL1 mutations in Philadelphia-positive ALL allows to identify patients who may benefit from second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors or from novel compounds targeting the T315I mutation. Considering the central role of the molecular techniques for the management of patients with ALL, efforts should be made to facilitate and harmonize immunophenotyping, cytogenetics, and molecular mutation screening. Furthermore, the potential of high-throughput sequencing should be evaluated for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with B-lineage ALL.
Using neuro-fuzzy modeIs for fault detection uncertain systems

Although neuro-fuzzy models and other similar mo deis have gre at flexibility they also have drawbacks, especially for systems which have high uncertainty associated. This paper points out which are the major drawbacks of neuro-fuzzy models and proposes a methodology to design fault detectors in uncertain systems using neuro-fuzzy models. The coolíng coil of an airconditioning system is used as an example. Resumo. Apesar de modelos neuro-fuzzy e outros modelos similares apresentarem grande flexi-bilidade, esses também apresentam desvantagens, especialmente para sistemas associados à altas incertezas. Esse artigo aponta quais são as principais desvantagens e propõe uma metodologia pará o projeto de detectores de falhas em sistemas incertos utilizando modelos neuro-fuzzy. A serpentina de resfriamento de ar-condicionados é utilizado como examplo.