Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rubber composition for tire treads and pneumatic tires

Es wird eine Gummimischung fur eine Reifen-Laufflache mit einem ausgeglichenen Verhaltnis zwischen dem Rollwiderstand und den Nasseeigenschaften beschrieben. Die Gummimischung enthalt einen modifizierten Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk mit einer funktionellen Gruppe, etwa einer Aminogruppe oder einer Hydroxylgruppe, Kieselsaure, einen Silan-Verbindungsvermittler, ein Lignin-Derivat und eine Kohlenstoff-Grundmischung. Die Kohlenstoff-Grundmischung umfast einen Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk und Rus mit einer Jodabsorption von 60 bis 130 g/kg, wobei das Verhaltnis (B/A) der Menge (B) des Kautschuks in der Kohlenstoff-Grundmischung zu der Menge (A) des modifizierten Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuks im Massenverhaltnis B/A = 0,25 bis 1 betragt. Die Gesamtmenge an Rus und Kieselsaure betragt 40 bis 100 Massenteile pro 100 Massenteile der Kautschukkomponente, wobei der Anteil der Kieselsaure an den Fullstoffen 25 bis 80 Massen-% betragt. Die Menge an Lignin-Derivat betragt 0,1 bis 10 Massenteile.
Effects of School-based Environmental Clubs: Fostering Environmental Awareness and Strengthening Eco-citizen Behaviors Among Students

Objective: Given the concerning environmental state on a global scale and also in Morocco, environmental education becomes imperative to contribute to the desired change towards more sustainable and responsible practices. In this context, environmental clubs, as a form of environmental education, particularly catch our attention due to their potential to raise awareness and mobilize the younger generation. Consequently, the aim of this research was to assess the impact of environmental clubs on students' environmental awareness and the adoption of eco-citizen behaviors. Method: In the context of our study, we adopted a quantitative research approach to objectively analyze the impact of environmental clubs on students' environmental awareness and adoption of eco-citizen behaviors. To carry out this analysis, we utilized the Propensity Score Matching method to control for selection biases and ensure a valid comparison between students who participated and those who did not participate in the environmental clubs. Our sample consisted of 255 students in the control group and 241 students in the treatment group. Data were collected using a questionnaire focused on assessing environmental awareness and the adoption of eco-citizen behaviors. This data was then processed and analyzed using the SPSS software, allowing us to obtain statistically reliable and relevant results. Results: The comparison of scores between the two groups revealed a notable difference. Indeed, participating students displayed higher scores, whether in the "awareness" aspect or in the "eco-citizen behavior" aspect. Furthermore, when comparing the means using the t-test for independent samples, we observed significant results. Consequently, we reject the null hypothesis, indicating that the observed difference is not due to chance but rather reflects a genuine effect of the environmental clubs on students' awareness and eco-citizen behaviors. Conclusions: In the present study, we concluded that environmental clubs have a positive impact on students' environmental awareness and also contribute to the adoption of eco-citizen behaviors. These findings highlight the significance and relevance of these clubs in the educational context. Therefore, it is imperative to take further action to strengthen and generalize the presence and efficacy of these environmental clubs in educational institutions, with the aim of fostering a generation that is both aware and proactive regarding environmental challenges.
The Onset of Recrystallization in Polar Firn

Constraining the onset of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and its effects on the mechanical properties of firn is crucial for firn densification modeling. To that end, samples from a depth of 13 m in a Summit, Greenland (72°35′N, 38°25′W) firn core were subjected to creep tests at −14°C and 0.21 MPa compressive stress to strains of 7%, 12%, 18%, and 29%. Microstructural analyses using thin‐section imaging and microcomputed x‐ray tomography (micro‐CT) revealed smaller grain sizes, reduced specific surface area and connectivity, and increased density in relation to reduced porosity as the strain increases. These results show that DRX occurs in firn under creep, with strain‐induced boundary migration (SIBM) and nucleation and growth starting at ∼7%. DRX leads to elongated grains, reduced grain size, and the development of a preferred crystallographic orientation, indicating that DRX occurs by both SIBM and nucleation and growth.
Using latent semantic analysis to detect non-cognitive variables of academic performance

USING LATENT SEMANTIC ANALYSIS TO DETECT NON-COGNITIVE VARIABLES OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE by Daniel Richard Aalderks This thesis explores the possibilities of using latent semantic analysis to detect evidence of intrapersonal personality variables in post-secondary student essays. Determining student achievement based on non-cognitive variables is a complex process. Automated essay scoring tools are already in use today in grading and evaluating student texts based on cognitive domain traits, but at this time are not utilized to analyze non-cognitive domains such as personality. Could such tools be configured to detect non-cognitive variables in student essays? Key concepts in this proposal—personality traits, latent semantic analysis, automated essay evaluation, and online cinema reviews—are explored followed by a literature review to justify the research. As a proof of concept study, 43 writing samples written to a constructed response task are collected and analyzed by a test model specifically designed to evaluate sentiment in a movie review constructed response format. A test model is created using LightSIDE, a software tool for text assessment, to predict the sentiment of these essays with highly encouraging results. The thesis concludes with a path for future research in the largely unexplored area of automated assessment of non-cognitive variables. USING LATENT SEMANTIC ANALYSIS TO DETECT NON-COGNITIVE VARIABLES OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE by Daniel Richard Aalderks A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of New Jersey Institute of Technology in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Professional and Technical Communication Department of Humanities
The Northern Brown Hagfish, Eptatretus walkeri (McMillan and Wisner, 2004) (Myxiniformes: Myxinidae), is Widely Distributed in Japanese Coastal Waters

The hagfish species found in the Sea of Japan has commonly and erroneously been identified as Eptatretus atami (Dean, 1904). In this study, hagfish specimens were collected from four locations in the coastal area of Choshi, AwaKatsuyama, Enoshima and Noshiro in Japan for morphological and molecular analyses. Part of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene (COX1) in the mitochondrial DNA of hagfish specimens were sequenced to reconstructed a phylogenetic tree. Both morphological and molecular data suggest that the hagfish species from the Sea of Japan is not E. atami, but Eptatretus walkeri (McMillan and Wisner, 2004). The present study also indicates that E. walkeri is widely distributed not only on the Pacific coast of Honshu Island but also in the Sea of Japan.
Declining Radial Growth in Major Western Carpathian Tree Species: Insights from Three Decades of Temperate Forest Monitoring

This study investigates the radial growth response of five key European forest tree species, i.e., Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Abies alba, Quercus petraea, and Pinus sylvestris, to dry years in the West Carpathians, Slovakia. Utilizing data from ICP Forests Level I plots, we identified species-specific growth declines, particularly in Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica, with milder radial growth declines for Quercus petraea and Picea abies. Abies alba exhibited a growth peak in the mid-2000s, followed by a decline in the end of the observed period. Elevation emerged as the only significant environmental predictor, explaining 3.5% of growth variability during dry periods, suggesting a potential mitigating effect. The scope of this study was limited by the complex interplay of ecological factors that influence tree growth, which vary across the ICP Forests Level I monitoring sites. Nonetheless, our findings enhance the understanding of species-specific growth responses and offer insights for the climate-smart management of temperate forests under changing conditions.
The Relationship Between Mental Health Literacy, Overall Adaptation and Mental Health of University Freshers

Background Entering university is a big change in life. It can cause a lot of stress for new students. Stress can affect their mental health in a negative way. Mental health literacy is the knowledge and skills to deal with mental health issues. It can help new students cope better with stress and improve their mental health. Objective To investigate the status of mental health literacy, overall adaptation, and mental health of university freshers, and to explore the influence of mental health literacy on the overall adaptation and mental health, as well as the mediating role of overall adaptation. Methods The undergraduate freshers of 2022 from a comprehensive university in Henan Province were selected as the research participants using a cluster sampling method and were investigated by the general information questionnaire, mental health literacy scale (MHLS), the university student overall adaptation questionnaire (CSOAQ) and university personality inventory (UPI). Results (1) The detection rate of mental health problems among freshers was 22.39%, and the mental health literacy (112.26 ± 9.66), overall adaptation (3.93 ± 0.93), mental health (10.90 ± 10.51) of freshers had significant differences in demographic variables. (2) Mental health literacy was significantly positively correlated with overall adaptation and mental health, and overall adaptation was significantly positively correlated with mental health. (3) Overall adaptation plays a mediating role in the impact of mental health literacy on mental health. (4) Gender plays a moderating role in the effects of overall adaptation on mental health. Conclusion The mental health literacy of university freshers could not only directly predict their mental health but also indirectly affect their mental health through overall adaptation, which is more significant among women.
Effect of carbohydrate restriction on body weight in overweight and obese adults: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of 110 randomized controlled trials

Introduction Carbohydrate-restricted diets are one of the most effective dietary interventions for weight loss. However, the optimum carbohydrate intake for implementing the most effective weight-loss interventions is still being discussed. We aimed to determine the optimum carbohydrate intake for short- and long-term weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL from inception to May 2021 for randomized controlled trials examining the effect of a carbohydrate-restricted diet (≤45% of energy intake) as compared to a control diet (carbohydrate intake >45% of energy intake) on body weight in adults with overweight/obesity. A random-effects dose–response meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the mean difference for each 10% decrease in carbohydrate intake at the 6-month follow-up (1 to 6 months), 12-month follow-up (6 to 12 months), and follow-up longer than 12 months. The shape of the dose-dependent effects was also evaluated. The certainty of the evidence was rated using the GRADE approach. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) threshold was defined as 5% weight loss (equal to 4.39 kg). Results A total of 110 trials were selected for the present meta-analysis. In the linear dose–response meta-analysis, each 10% decrease in carbohydrate intake reduced body weight by 0.64 kg (95% CI: −0.79 to −0.49; n = 101 trials with 4,135 participants, high-certainty evidence) at the 6-month follow-up and by 1.15 kg (95% CI: −1.61 to −0.69; 42 trials with 2,657 participants, moderate-certainty evidence) at the 12-month follow-up. Non-linear dose–response meta-analyses indicated a monotonic reduction in body weight with the decrease in carbohydrate intake, with the greatest reduction at 5% at the 6-month follow-up (mean difference 5%: −3.96 kg, 95% CI: −4.92 to −3.00) and 10% at the 12-month follow-up (mean difference 10%: −6.26 kg, 95% CI: −10.42 to −2.10). At follow-up longer than 12 months, dose–response analyses suggested a non-linear effect, wherein carbohydrate intakes higher than 40% and lower than 30% were not effective for weight loss. Discussion Carbohydrate restriction is an effective dietary strategy for important weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity. At 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, body weight decreased proportionally, more than the MCID threshold, along with the decrease in carbohydrate intake. At follow-up longer than 12 months, there was a non-linear effect, with the greatest reduction at 30% carbohydrate intake. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022315042.
Improvement and use of radiative transfer models to assess lunar space weathering and mechanisms for swirl formation

 Liu, D. , Li, L. , (2015). An empirical approach to estimating mass fraction of submicroscopic iron in lunar soils. 46 Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, #2560, Houston, USA.  Liu, D. , Li, Li. , (2014). The formation of lunar swirls: results from Hapke’s radiative transfer modeling. 45 Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, # 1654, Houston, USA.  Liu, D. , Li, L. , Zhang, Y. Z. , (2013). Sensitivity analysis for Hapke’s radiative transfer model. 44t Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, #1290, Houston,USA.  Liu, D. , Li, L. , (2012). An improved radiative transfer model for estimating mineral abundance of immature and mature lunar soils. 43 Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, #2011, Houston,USA.
Application of polychaetes in (de)coupled integrated aquaculture: production of a high-quality marine resource

Capitella sp. and Ophryotrocha craigsmithi received a diet of salmon feces to evaluatetheir potential to convert fish waste into valuable marine products, e.g. ingredients for fishfeed formulation. Production rate and body composition (focusing on fatty acid [FA] profiles)were determined for polychaetes fed fresh, acid-preserved or oven-dried salmon feces to evaluatetheir application in (de)coupled integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems. Coupledproduction refers to direct integration of fish and polychaetes within the same (eco)system,while in decoupled production, units can be spatially or functionally separated. For decoupledproduction, preservation of fish waste is recommended. Although diets contained relatively lowpolyunsaturated FA (PUFA) levels (5−9% of total FAs), both species were rich in PUFAs (>30%of total FAs) and contained the essential FAs for fish. Feeding Capitella sp. the acid-preserveddiet enriched its FA profile. Accumulation of PUFAs, de novo synthesis and/or transfer via bacterialbiomass could have played a role in the upregulation of PUFA content. Amino acid profilesindicated that these polychaetes contained the amino acids essential for fish. Highest growth forboth species was observed when fed fresh feces, whereas preserved diets resulted in negativegrowth rates for O. craigsmithi, suggesting an important role of microbes in polychaete diets.Our results indicate that both species are potential valuable marine products. Given growth rateswith different diets, O. craigsmithi seems more suitable for integration in coupled systems, whileCapitella sp. is interesting for both coupled and decoupled integrated systems
Reflection imaging of aseismic zones of the Nazca slab by global-phase seismic interferometry

AbstractObtaining detailed images of aseismic parts of subducting slabs remains a large challenge for understanding slab dynamics. Hypocenter mapping cannot be used for the purpose due to the absence of seismicity, whereas the use of receiver functions might be compromised by the presence of melt. Global tomography can be used to identify the presence of the slab, but it does not reveal the structure in detail. We have determined how detailed images can be obtained using global-phase seismic interferometry. The method provides high-resolution (<15 km in depth) pseudo zero-offset (i.e., colocated source and receiver) reflection information. We have applied the method to aseismic zones of the Nazca slab in which initiation of possible slab tearing and plume decapitation was identified by global tomography and electrical conductivity, respectively. We have obtained an image of the Moho and the mantle and found an attenuated area in the image consistent with the presence of an aseismic dipping subducting sla.
Numerical Simulation of a Sonic Jet Injected into a Supersonic Crossflow With K.(l) Turbulence Model

Numerical simulation of normal injection of a sonic jet into supersonic crossflows were performed with a k-ul turbulence model. Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations along with k-6p equations were solved in a coupled manner by calculating inviscidfluxes with Roe's flux-dffirence splitting, central dffirencing of derivatives in the viscous terms, and by performing Runge-Kutta time integration in a finite volume formuLation. Experiments of sLot injection at several freestream Mach numbers and injection pressure ratios were simulated. It was observed that simulations agreed well at low pressure ratios but departed with increasing pressure ratio as had been observed in other simulations. A qualitative difference in the structure of the jet was observed when explicit compressibility fficts were included. In turn, the agreement with experiment improves significantly. It was also observed that imposing a lower ReynoLds number in the caLculations than the value determined from reported experimental conditions resulted in solutions expected of transitional separation and vvhich then agreed more closely with experiment.
Broadband, Flat-Top, Silicon Photonic Contra-Directional Couplers Assisted by Asymmetric Multimode Photonic Crystals

Grating-assisted contra-directional couplers (CDCs) as 4-port wavelength-selective devices hold great potential as add-drop filters, multiplexers, routers, etc, for various integrated-optics applications. However, these devices have inherent low coupling strengths due to the coupled modes confined in different separate waveguides, preventing from realizing broad operation bands. Here, we propose silicon photonic CDCs assisted by novel asymmetric photonic crystals (APhCs) on multimode waveguides with elliptical nanoholes. Such APhC-assisted CDCs, compared with the conventional grating-assisted ones, can achieve significantly larger coupling strengths, thus offering much wider operation bands. We investigate the impact of changes in various structural parameters on the spectral response of an APhC-assisted CDC, and then discuss the design and optimization strategy of the device. The possibility of using other nanohole shapes of the APhC is also explored. In the experiments, a series of broadband and flat-top filters based on APhC-assisted CDCs on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) were fabricated and measured, and the influence of variations in the filter parameters on the response was validated. Notably, a 3 dB bandwidth of $\sim$48.8 nm was demonstrated on an APhC-assisted CDC with a coupling length of 22.3 um, which is the largest bandwidth ever reported for unchirped, SOI-based CDC filters, to the best of our knowledge.
A comprehensive review on microchannel heat sinks for electronics cooling

The heat generation of electronic devices is increasing dramatically, which causes a serious bottleneck in the thermal management of electronics, and overheating will result in performance deterioration and even device damage. With the development of micro-machining technologies, the microchannel heat sink (MCHS) has become one of the best ways to remove the considerable amount of heat generated by high-power electronics. It has the advantages of large specific surface area, small size, coolant saving and high heat transfer coefficient. This paper comprehensively takes an overview of the research progress in MCHSs and generalizes the hotspots and bottlenecks of this area. The heat transfer mechanisms and performances of different channel structures, coolants, channel materials and some other influencing factors are reviewed. Additionally, this paper classifies the heat transfer enhancement technology and reviews the related studies on both the single-phase and phase-change flow and heat transfer. The comprehensive review is expected to provide a theoretical reference and technical guidance for further research and application of MCHSs in the future.
Lack of action–sentence compatibility effect in non-clinical individuals with high autistic traits

Introduction Patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit atypical responses to language use and comprehension. Recently, various degrees of primary autistic symptoms have been reported in the general population. We focused on autistic traits and examined the differences in mechanisms related to language comprehension using the action–sentence compatibility effect (ACE). ACE is a phenomenon in which response is facilitated when the action matches the behavior described in the statement. Methods In total, 70 non-clinical individuals were divided into low autistic and high autistic groups according to their autism spectrum quotient (AQ) scores. ACEs with adverbs and onomatopoeias were examined using a stimulus set of movement-related sentences. A choice-response task helped determine the correct sentence using antonym adverbs (slow and fast) and onomatopoeia (quick and satto) related to the speed of the movement. Results The low-AQ group showed ACEs that modulated the reaction time in antonym sentences. The high-AQ group showed less temporal modulation, and their overall reaction time was shorter. The low-AQ group showed faster reaction times for onomatopoeic words; however, the high-AQ group showed a tendency to reverse this trend. In individuals with intermediate autistic traits, the angle effect may be moderated by individual differences in motor skills and experience rather than autistic traits. The stimulus presentation involved a passive paradigm. Discussion This study provides insight into language comprehension processes in non-clinical individuals ranging from low to high autistic idiosyncrasy and elucidates language and behavior in individuals at different locations on the autistic trait continuum.