Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The nature of elementary preservice teachers’ reflection during an early field experience

Teacher education assumes that the more time observing practising teachers, the better, but the value of observation (guided or unguided) in early field experiences is unknown. In this mixed-methods study, we examined the levels of reflection, use of future-oriented reflection, and changes in the reflective writing of 90 preservice elementary education teachers enrolled in two sections of an early field experience course (one of which received guided observation) at a large university in the United States. While the level of reflection in the writing of 35% of the preservice teachers (PTs) increased in complexity over the span of a semester, only 10% of the PTs ever demonstrated the deepest level of reflection in their writing. Future-oriented reflection accounted for 6% of the language in the assignments, with a majority of the instances documenting what PTs planned to do in their future classrooms. PTs in the guided observation group demonstrated a significantly higher level of reflection than those in the unguided group. With these findings in mind, we present implications for teacher-education field experiences and future research, such as providing scaffolding for future-oriented reflection.
Existential Authenticity: A Foundational Value for Counseling

Adopting an existential perspective in counseling is often viewed as inapplicable or a luxury for most clients. The author challenges these commonly held misconceptions. The concept of existential authenticity is presented as an organizing ethic that can bring out the positive side of existentialism in counseling. Specific values and conditions that the counselor can adopt to create an existential foundation for counseling practice are presented. The author concludes that actively incorporating these existential values into the counseling process can deepen the impact of the therapeutic work.
The telomerase-recruitment domain of the telomere binding protein Cdc13 is regulated by Mec1p/Tel1p-dependent phosphorylation

The DNA damage-responsive protein kinases ATM and ATR phosphorylate SQ/TQ motifs that lie in clusters in most of their in vivo targets. Budding yeast Cdc13p contains two clusters of SQ/TQ motifs, suggesting that it might be a target of Mec1p/Tel1p (yeast ATR/ATM). Here we demonstrated that the telomerase recruitment domain of Cdc13p is phosphorylated by Mec1p and Tel1p. Gel analysis showed that Cdc13p contains a Mec1/Tel1-dependent post-translational modification. Using an immunoprecipitate (IP)-kinase assay, we showed that Mec1p phosphorylates Cdc13p on serine 225, 249, 255 and 306, and Tel1p phosphorylates Cdc13p on serine 225, 249 and 255 in vitro. Phenotypic analysis in vivo revealed that the mutations in the Cdc13p SQ motifs phosphorylated by Mec1p and Tel1p caused multiple telomere and growth defects. In addition, normal telomere length and growth could be restored by expressing a Cdc13–Est1p hybrid protein. These results demonstrate the telomerase recruitment domain of Cdc13p as an important new telomere-specific target of Mec1p/Tel1p.
What are the limiting parameters of deep-submicron MOSFETs for high frequency applications?

Parameters limiting the improvement of high frequency characteristics for deep submicron MOSFETs with the downscaling process of the channel gate length are analyzed experimentally and analytically. It is demonstrated that for MOSFETs with optimized source, drain and gate access, the degradation of the maximum oscillation frequency is mainly related to the increase of the parasitic feedback gate-to-drain capacitance and output conductance with the physical channel length reduction. Optimization of these internal parameters is needed to further improve the high frequency performance of ultra deep submicron MOSFETs.
Prenatal development of the visual system in rhesus monkey.

Autoradiographic evidence from juvenile rhesus monkeys that had been exposed to a pulse of [3H]thymidine at different embryonic (E) and early postnatal (P) days indicates that all neurons which compose the visual system of this primate have been generated two months before birth. The first retinal ganglion cells (RGC) are generated around E30 preceding by a few days the onset of genesis of neurones destined for the dorsal lateral geniculate body (LGd) and superior colliculus (SC) both of which begin at E36. Production of neurons destined for the primary visual cortex (area 17) begins at approximately E43 and ends by E102. Neurons destined for layer IV, the major target of axons from the LGd, are generated between E70 and E85. The prenatal development of visual connections was studied by the autoradiographic method of anterograde axoplasmic transport in foetuses killed 14 days after unilateral eye injection of a mixture of [3H]proline and [3H]fucose. Initially, in the LGd and in the SC projections from both eyes overlap. Segregation of the axons and/or terminals from the two eyes occurs in the LGd and SC during the middle period of gestation. Transneuronal transport of tritium shows that although LGd axons form the optic radiation before E78, these fibres do not yet enter the developing cortical plate at this foetal age. During the second half of gestation, geniculocortical axons carrying input from each eye invade the cortex but are not yet segregated into ocular dominance columns. Rather, grains are distributed uniformly over the entire layer IV at E124. Three weeks before birth, at E144, segregation of afferents into sublayers IVA and IVC is apparent, and the first hint of ocular dominance columns is displayed by slight differences in grain counts in alternating areas of layer IV. These results show that all neurons in the primate visual system have been generated, reached their final positions and formed their basic connections subserving ocular dominance before birth, i.e. before visual experience. In the SC and LGD, monocular segregation is well established during the middle period of gestation, whereas in the cortex it has begun, but is not fully developed at birth.
Chapter 10 Assembly of Multigene Pathways and Combinatorial Pathway Libraries Through ePathBrick Vectors

As an emerging discipline, synthetic biology is becoming increasingly important to design, construct, and optimize metabolic pathways leading to desired phenotypes such as overproduction of biofuels and pharmaceuticals in genetically tractable organisms. We have recently developed a versatile gene assembly platform ePathBricks supporting the modular assembly of multi-gene pathway components and combinatorial generation of pathway diversities. In this protocol, we will detail the process to assemble a seven gene flavonoid pathway (~9 kb) on one single ePathBrick vector. We will also demonstrate that a three-gene flavonoid pathway can be easily diversified to 54 pathway equivalents differing in pathway configuration and gene order; coupled with high-throughput screening techniques, we envision that this combinatorial strategy would greatly improve our ability to exploit the full potential of microbial cell factories for recombinant metabolite production.
Amyloid beta protein in rat soleus muscle in chloroquine-induced myopathy using end-specific antibodies for A beta 40 and A beta 42: immunohistochemical evidence for amyloid beta protein.

Previous immunohistochemical studies from this laboratory demonstrated that monoclonal antibodies raised against various regions of amyloid precursor protein (APP) (i.e., N-terminus, amyloid beta protein (A beta), and C-terminus) strongly labeled vacuoles in chloroquine-induced myopathy-affected muscle in rats. In this study, we used antibodies end specific for the A beta 40 and A beta 42 species, and a monoclonal antibody to A beta 1-9 which reacts with APP and A beta. Most vacuoles clearly reacted with anti-A beta 1-9, while about half reacted with anti-A beta 42, and only a few reacted with anti-A beta 40. These results demonstrate that vacuoles in chloroquine-induced myopathy-affected muscle contain cleaved A beta, and that distribution of the two major A beta species is similar to what is observed in A beta deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-affected brain. This provides further evidence that chloroquine-induced myopathy in rats provides a suitable model to understand APP processing into A beta, and the role of APP in terms of the pathogenesis of AD.
When Norms Collide: Learning Under Organizational Hypocrisy

Most conceptualizations of organizational learning are generally underpinned by some notion of unitarism. Theories typically assume shared visions, values, conceptions or identities. This paper, however, considers the dilemmas faced in organizations where identities and visions are not shared, and where conceptions and ideologies are diverse and possibly in conflict. Such organizations, here called hypocrisies, are characterized by divergent norms and stakeholder identities. Seeing learning as changes in shared conceptions between actors at different levels, a case is presented of change in a multi-norm white-collar trade union. This shows the difficulty of promoting unitaristically conceived notions of organizational learning from the centre and that learning is problematic where power is dispersed within the organization. This challenges the view that learning organizations can be associated with empowerment. The paper concludes by arguing for the setting-aside of unitaristic assumptions of organizational learning and, instead, conceiving interventions in terms of local learning arenas for democratic dialogue in a context of organizational diversity.
Using ZigBee and Room-Based Location Technology to Constructing an Indoor Location-Based Service Platform

In recent years, under the advancement of mobile communication technology and popularization of information technology, diversified value added services have emerged. Location-Based Services (LBS) is an application of information and Internet integrated technology that has been developed rapidly in recent years. This study utilized a room-based indoor location mode to construct a wireless sensor network location-oriented service platform. This platform could meet the indoor location search by combining the ZigBee wireless location technology. Based on the concept of LBS, the indoor location-oriented service could be realized by combining the ZigBee location technology and room-based location mode, in order to achieve a ubiquitous campus environment. Users only need to utilize ZigBee Tag with PDA, and a wireless network to log in this information platform, so as to receive the services of ubiquitous campus. The preliminary study has completed this information platform, and implemented it in this campus environment with satisfactory results.
Extraction of Plant Physiological Status from Hyperspectral Signatures Using Machine Learning Methods

The machine learning method, random forest (RF), is applied in order to derive biophysical and structural vegetation parameters from hyperspectral signatures. Hyperspectral data are, among other things, characterized by their high dimensionality and autocorrelation. Common multivariate regression approaches, which usually include only a limited number of spectral indices as predictors, do not make full use of the available information. In contrast, machine learning methods, such as RF, are supposed to be better suited to extract information on vegetation status. First, vegetation parameters are extracted from hyperspectral signatures simulated with the radiative transfer model, PROSAIL. Second, the transferability of these results with respect to laboratory and field measurements is investigated. In situ observations of plant physiological parameters and corresponding spectra are gathered in the laboratory for summer barley (Hordeum vulgare). Field in situ measurements focus on winter crops over several growing seasons. Chlorophyll content, Leaf Area Index and phenological growth stages are derived from simulated and measured spectra. RF performs very robustly and with a very high accuracy on PROSAIL
Biological revascularization and the interventional molecular cardiologist: bypass for the next generation.

Although there has been no formal proclamation of this fact, we have entered the third era of treatment of ischemic disease. Until the latter part of the 20th century, pharmacological therapy was the sole means that physicians had to alleviate ischemic symptoms in patients with coronary and peripheral ischemia. The advent of mechanical revascularization revolutionized the care of these patients during the past 25 years, prolonging life and improving function beyond what had been possible with optimal medical management. Recently, the concept that new blood vessels could be grown to enhance tissue perfusion, barely a footnote in the cardiovascular literature 10 years ago, is now achieving widespread acceptance. “How,” not “whether,” is now the prevailing question. Biological revascularization, the third era in the treatment of ischemic disease, is now within our reach.1 See p 3097 Early investigations into the realm of therapeutic angiogenesis focused on the ability to augment perfusion of ischemic tissue by the administration of single angiogenic cytokines, either as fully formed proteins or as gene therapy. The use of single agents, although teleologically unlikely to result in an optimal effect, reflected both a practical reality and the need to discern the mechanisms resulting from these early attempts to modify a complex process. Much was learned from these pioneering laboratory and clinical studies. Of note, the very term angiogenesis, classically used to describe the expansion of existing vasculature by sprouting and migration of endothelial cells from parent vessels, has now often been replaced by the more generic “neovascularization” to indicate the now established participation of adult progenitor or stem cells resulting in vasculogenesis as well (we will use these terms interchangeably in this review). Seminal observations about the existence and participation of adult stem cells in new vessel formation2 were a direct result of these early …
Prevalence of exon 11 internal tandem duplications in the C‐KIT proto‐oncogene in Australian canine mast cell tumours

OBJECTIVE To measure the prevalence of internal tandem duplications (ITDs) in exon 11 of the proto-oncogene C-KIT in a sample of Australian cutaneous canine mast cell tumours (MCTs) drawn from general practice and to evaluate relationships between tumour mutation status and prognostic factors including signalment, tumour histological grade, tumour anatomical location and tumour size. METHODS C-KIT exon 11 ITDs were detected by PCR in DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine MCTs sourced from three veterinary diagnostic laboratories in Adelaide and Melbourne. Tumours were graded according to two different systems (Patnaik and Kiupel systems) by board-certified anatomical pathologists blinded to the PCR results. Relationships between tumour mutation status and prognostic factors were evaluated using a generalised binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS ITDs were identified in 13 of 74 cutaneous canine MCT samples, giving an overall prevalence of 17.6% (95% confidence interval: 8.9-26.2%). ITDs were detected in 10 of 18 Patnaik grade III MCTs (55.6%) and 11 of 22 Kiupel high-grade MCTs (50%). Wald chi-square analysis revealed that detection of tumour ITDs was significantly associated with both Patnaik's and Kiupel's histologic grading systems (each: P < 0.001). The presence of the ITDs in MCTs was not associated with signalment, tumour anatomical location or tumour size. CONCLUSION The prevalence of C-KIT exon 11 ITDs in Australian canine MCTs is similar to the prevalence in overseas canine populations (overall prevalence in Australia approximately 18%). ITDs were more frequently identified in higher grade MCTs.
Global Modes in Kernel Density Estimation: RAST Clustering

The mean shift algorithm is a widely used method for finding local maxima in feature spaces. Mean shift algorithms have been shown in the literature to be equivalent to a gradient ascent optimization of a kernel density estimate. This paper describes a novel, globally optimal optimization method and compares the suboptimal mean shift solutions with the globally optimal solutions derived by the new algorithm. Experimental results on both simulated and real data show that the new algorithm yields solutions that are often significantly better than the suboptimal solutions identified by the mean shift algorithm, and that it scales better to large sample sizes and is more robust to noise levels.
Finding an Extra Day a Week: The Positive Influence of Perceived Job Flexibility on Work and Family Life Balance*

This study examines the influence of perceived flexibility in the timing and location of work on work-family balance. Data are from a 1996 International Business Machines (IBM) work and life issues survey in the United States (n = 6,451). Results indicate that perceived job flexibility is related to improved work-family balance after controlling for paid work hours, unpaid domestic labor hours, gender, marital status, and occupational level. Perceived job flexibility appears to be beneficial both to individuals and to businesses. Given the same workload, individuals with perceived job flexibility have more favorable work-family balance. Likewise, employees with perceived job flexibility are able to work longer hours before workload negatively impacts their work-family balance. Implications of these findings are presented. T he demographic composition of the United States workforce has changed dramatically in recent years. This work force now includes more dual-earner couples who have responsibility for the care of children or elderly dependents, as well as more dual-professional couples where both have careers, not just jobs (Bond, Galinsky, & Swanberg, 1998). In addition, extensive downsizing by large corporations has lengthened the average workweek for many employees. The average American worker now spends additional time equivalent to six extra 40hour weeks per year on the job, when compared with the late 1960s (Schor, 1992), and three extra 40-hour weeks compared with just five years ago (Bond et al.). This means that for many, especially for dual-career parents and those with elder-care responsibilities, juggling the demands of the workplace and the home has become a more difficult balancing act. Work-family advocates have long championed the adoption of a variety of family-friendly benefits to positively influence work-family balance (Galinsky, 1992). Flexibility in the timing
Wavelet-based image compression using perceptual distortion metric

Bits are allocated to various subbands to minimize a particular cost function to achieve compression in subband coding. The most common cost function is the L2 norm based on mean squared error (MSE). However, the MSE often fails to correspond to the perceptual quality of the image, especially at low bit rate. In this paper, we allocate bits into various subbands by minimizing the Minkowsky metric -- a commonly used perceptual distortion measure. We then design the quantizer for each subband independent of each other based on the allocated bits. Experimental results indicate improved perceptual quality for the compressed images using Minkowsky metric compared to that of using the MSE metric.
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce Internet Banking Users's Competence and Its Influence on Usage Satisfaction – a View from India

research are consumer usage behavior of net banking, consumer confusion in high involvement products and e-banking users confusions. Abstract Competitive pressures, emergence of internet technology pressurized many of the Indian banks to undergo tremendous changes and offer technology based services to their customers. Especially innovative development in Information and Communication Technology resulted in the new dimensional Indian banks to offer banking services through electronic services and computerized manners which resulted in the dawn of ATM, Internet banking, Mobile banking summed up as Electronic Banking. Electronic Banking is a radical technological innovation with potential to change the structure and nature of banking from " bricks and mortar " into a " clicks and mortar ". There has been substantial growth in Internet Banking. Research on the reason for its growth has been-2-few and apart though some of the research indicates adoption of internet banking depends on the competency, technical experience and self efficacy of the consumers. This has necessitated the need to research further for better understanding of the consumer's usage and their satisfaction.
Platelet‐derived growth factor and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor‐α expression in the normal human thymus and thymoma

Platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptors (PDGFRs) are strongly involved in the normal development of several organs, tumour angiogenesis and malignant progression and metastasis. Few studies concerning their expression, distribution and role in normal and pathological human thymus are available in the literature. The aim of this study has been to analyse the immunohistochemical expression of PDGF and PDGFR‐α in prenatal and postnatal normal human thymus and thymomal biopsy specimens. The results demonstrated immunoreactivity to both PDGF and PDGFR‐α in all specimens, but the intensity, distribution and number of positive cells were different in normal thymus and thymomas, and also among different tumour types. PDGF and PDGFR‐α were weakly expressed in foetal and postnatal humans with a different distribution between cortex and medulla in both blood vessels and epithelial cells, whereas they were overexpressed in thymoma, especially in type B2 and B3, in the tumour epithelial cells. Overall, these data suggest that PDGF and PDGFR‐α may be involved in the pathophysiology of the human thymus.