Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological Changes in Children with Learning and Attentional Abnormalities as a Function of Age: Event-Related Potentials to an “Oddball” Paradigm

This study investigated age-related electrophysiological differences between children diagnosed with Learning Disabilities (LD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), LD-ADHD and Conduct Disorder, using Event-Related Potentials recorded during a two-tone discrimination test. Although age-related (N1 and N2 amplitude), as well as diagnostic group-related (P3 latency and amplitude) ERP changes were found, there was no significant interaction between the diagnostic groups and age grouping. We conclude that: 1) Electrophysiological abnormalities in LD and ADHD do not significantly change with age during childhood. This study does not, therefore, support a hypothesis of age-related brain abnormalities in LD and ADHD. 2) Significant group differences for P3 latency and amplitude were found between normal children and the LD groups (LD and LD-ADHD), but not between normal children and those with ADHD alone, suggesting that main correlates of P3 abnormalities in these children are "processing" and not attentional problems.
MIMO RADAR ARRAY FOR TERMITE DETECTION AND IMAGING

In this paper, we describe the design of a hybrid 24GHz RADAR array for termite detection and imaging. The array uses MIMO techniques to provide transmit beam steering and null steering in conjunction with the Matrix Enhanced Matrix Pencil (MEMP), which provides direction of arrival processing. We describe the selection of our MIMO orthogonal codes and test their suitability. Simulated results are shown for our array design and MIMO processing in a range of applications MIMO enables us to produce ∞exible nulling and beam steering for our transmitter array as well as reducing multipath re∞ections and narrowband interference. MIMO processing also produces large time savings, enabling longer, more accurate acquisitions which can increase SNR. Transmitter beam- forming, produces an SNR improvement of 18.2dB and can be used to reject clutter by up to 20dB. Flexible nulling can reject interferers still further.
BOUNDARY OPERATORS IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY

The fundamental laws of physics can be derived from the requirement of invariance under suitable classes of transformations on the one hand, and from the need for a well-posed mathematical theory on the other hand. As a part of this programme, the present paper shows under which conditions the introduction of pseudodifferential boundary operators in one-loop Euclidean quantum gravity is compatible both with their invariance under infinitesimal diffeomorphisms and with the requirement of a strongly elliptic theory. Suitable assumptions on the kernel of the boundary operator make it therefore possible to overcome problems resulting from the choice of purely local boundary conditions.
The Sin and Guilt of Inaction

There is significant tension between the value of the individual and society within clinical research. While various deontological theories have argued for the necessity of informed consent, these theories have been repudiated by consequentialism. It is my position that neither deontological nor consequentialist theories are entirely erroneous. While investigating both sides, I will highlight the necessary requirements for ethical research as I examine the claims put forth by deontological and consequentialist theorists. I will first critique the arguments of two deontologists, Alan Donagan and Hans Jonas and then offer an argument for the necessity of informed consent, while borrowing from Leon Eisenberg and rule-utilitarian theory.
Risk Stratification After Acute Myocardial Infarction by Heart Rate Turbulence

Background—Retrospective postinfarction studies revealed that decreased heart rate turbulence (HRT) indicates increased risk for subsequent death. This is the first prospective study to validate HRT in a large cohort of the reperfusion era. Methods and Results—One thousand four hundred fifty-five survivors of an acute myocardial infarction (age <76 years) in sinus rhythm were enrolled. HRT onset (TO) and slope (TS) were calculated from Holter records. Patients were classified into the following HRT categories: category 0 if both TO and TS were normal, category 1 if either TO or TS was abnormal, or category 2 if both TO and TS were abnormal. The primary end point was all-cause mortality. During a follow-up of 22 months, 70 patients died. Multivariately, HRT category 2 was the strongest predictor of death (hazard ratio, 5.9; 95% CI, 2.9 to 12.2), followed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤30% (4.5; 2.6 to 7.8), diabetes mellitus (2.5; 1.6 to 4.1), age ≥65 years (2.4; 1.5 to 3.9), and HRT category 1 (2.4; 1.2 to 4.9). LVEF ≤30% had a sensitivity of 27% at a positive predictive accuracy level of 23%. The combined criteria of LVEF ≤30%, HRT category 2 or LVEF >30%, age ≥65 years, diabetes mellitus, and HRT category 2 had a sensitivity of 24% at a positive predictive accuracy level of 37%. The combined criteria of LVEF ≤30% or LVEF >30%, age ≥65 years, diabetes mellitus, and HRT category 1 or 2 had a sensitivity of 44% at a positive predictive accuracy level of 23%. Conclusions—HRT is a strong predictor of subsequent death in postinfarction patients of the reperfusion era.
Electromagnetic wave scattering by a thin layer in which many small particles are embedded

Scattering of electromagnetic (EM) waves by many small particles (bodies), embedded in a thin layer, is studied. Physical properties of the particles are described by their boundary impedances. The thin layer of depth of the order $O(a)$ with many embedded in it small particles of characteristic size $a$, is described by a boundary condition on the surface of the layer. The limiting interface boundary condition is obtained for the effective EM field in the limiting medium, in the limit $a\to 0$, where the number $M(a)$ of the particles tends to infinity at a suitable rate.
A Trajectory-Based Coverage Assessment Approach for Universal Sensor Networks

To solve the problem of coverage performance assessment, this study proposes an evaluation method based on the trajectory of the target, which is applicable to universal sensor networks, including both heterogeneous and homogeneous sensor networks. Different from the traditional Voronoi algorithm, the proposed Improved Coverage Force Division (ICFD) plans a coverage force division map whichscales the qualitative coverage performancebasedon both covering intensities andlocations of the nodes. Furthermore, the Trajectory-based Evaluating Schedule (TES) is responsible for solving the quantitative coverage evaluationproblem by measuringthe resulting trajectories’ Balance Values (BVs). A model of weak-point ranking conjoined in consideration of coverage force and distance can guide future deployment to compensate coverage. Comparative trials using the greedy algorithm, Voronoi algorithm, and the proposed TES verify that TES achieves the approximate results for two-stage and multistage heterogeneous sensor networks with acceptable difference and lower complexity, and it is superior to the Voronoi algorithm in homogeneous sensor networks interms of breaking the four-point circle block.
Semi-Supervised Matrix Completion for Cross-Lingual Text Classification

Cross-lingual text classiﬁcation is the task of assigning labels to observed documents in a label-scarce target language domain by using a prediction model trained with labeled documents from a label-rich source language domain. Cross-lingual text classiﬁcation is popularly studied in natural language processing area to reduce the expensive manual annotation effort required in the target language domain. In this work, we propose a novel semi-supervised representation learning approach to address this challenging task by inducing interlingual features via semi-supervised matrix completion. To evaluate the proposed learning technique, we conduct extensive experiments on eighteen cross language sentiment classiﬁcation tasks with four different languages. The empirical results demonstrate the efﬁcacy of the proposed approach, and show it outperforms a number of related cross-lingual learning methods.
Antagonist HIV-1 Gag Peptides Induce Structural Changes in HLA B8

In the cellular immune response, recognition by CTL-TCRs of viral antigens presented as peptides by HLA class I molecules, triggers destruction of the virally infected cell (Townsend, A.R.M., J. Rothbard, F.M. Gotch, G. Bahadur, D. Wraith, and A.J. McMichael. 1986. Cell. 44:959–968). Altered peptide ligands (APLs) which antagonise CTL recognition of infected cells have been reported (Jameson, S.C., F.R. Carbone, and M.J. Bevan. 1993. J. Exp. Med. 177:1541–1550). In one example, lysis of antigen presenting cells by CTLs in response to recognition of an HLA B8–restricted HIV-1 P17 (aa 24–31) epitope can be inhibited by naturally occurring variants of this peptide, which act as TCR antagonists (Klenerman, P., S. Rowland Jones, S. McAdam, J. Edwards, S. Daenke, D. Lalloo, B. Koppe, W. Rosenberg, D. Boyd, A. Edwards, P. Giangrande, R.E. Phillips, and A. McMichael. 1994. Nature (Lond.). 369:403– 407). We have characterised two CTL clones and a CTL line whose interactions with these variants of P17 (aa 24–31) exhibit a variety of responses. We have examined the high resolution crystal structures of four of these APLs in complex with HLA B8 to determine alterations in the shape, chemistry, and local flexibility of the TCR binding surface. The variant peptides cause changes in the recognition surface by three mechanisms: changes contributed directly by the peptide, effects transmitted to the exposed peptide surface, and induced effects on the exposed framework of the peptide binding groove. While the first two mechanisms frequently lead to antagonism, the third has more profound effects on TCR recognition.
Regional precipitation simulations for the mid‐1970s shift and early‐2000s hiatus

It has been demonstrated that climate models initialized with observations produce better simulations of Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) patterns than uninitialized simulations for the two major climate regime changes of the last 40 years, the mid‐1970s climate shift and early‐2000s hiatus. A fundamental feature of these hindcasts is the simulation of the SST anomalies associated with the phase of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). Since regional precipitation patterns over selected land areas in south Asia, Australia, and North America are known to be affected by SST patterns over the Pacific, it is shown that the initialized climate model simulations produce qualitatively better agreement with observations for regional precipitation anomalies in those regions compared to uninitialized climate models. Though the signals are small, the anomalies are consistent with our physical process‐based understanding of precipitation responses over certain land areas during different IPO phases.
Association of TLR6 single nucleotide polymorphisms and clinical features of ischemic stroke in Korean population

Recent studies showed association between diseases and TLR6 polymorphisms. To investigate whether TLR6 polymorphisms are associated with the development of ischemic stroke, four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TLR6 gene (rs1039559, rs3821985, rs3775073, and rs5743818) were analyzed in 120 patients with ischemic stroke (IS) and 278 control subjects. All ischemic stroke patients were classified into clinical subgroups according to NHISS and MBI. SNPStats was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and P values. Multiple logistic regression models (codominant1, codominant2, dominant, recessive, and log-additive) were performed to analyze the genetic data. Two SNPs (rs3821985 and rs3775073) of the TLR6 gene were associated with the NHISS in ischemic stroke patients (P< 0.05). Also, three SNPs (rs1039559, rs3821985, and rs3775073) showed association with MBI in ischemic stroke patients (P< 0.05). These results suggest that SNPs of TLR6 (rs1039559, rs3821985, and rs3775073) may be affect the disease characteristics of stroke, such as NIHSS and MBI.
De-rating design and analysis for safety and reliability

In this paper, the power level de-rating concept for high energy or long life systems will be presented. The relationship between de-rating and various generic failure modes will be discussed. Answers to some de-rating reliability related questions will be provided along with a generic de-rating reliability analysis methodology and modeling approach. The paper will also discuss the interrelationships among propulsion engine de-rating, engine out design and engine health management system with illustrative example. With the derating design, it is shown that the safety and reliability of a launch vehicle with a liquid propulsion system can be enhanced.
Evaluation Concept of the Enterprise Architecture Management Capability Navigator

Organizational knowledge is a crucial aspect for the strategic planning of an enterprise. The enterprise architecture management (EAM) deals with all perspectives of the enterprise architecture with regard to planning, transforming and monitoring. Maturity models are established instruments for assessing these processes in organizations. Applying the maturity model development process (MMDP), we are in the course of a new maturity model construction. Within this work, we first concretize the building blocks of the MMDP and present the first initiations of the Enterprise Architecture Capability Navigator (EACN). Afterwards, we discuss the need for an evaluation concept and present the results of the first EACN evaluation iteration.
Functional Significance of GnRH and Kisspeptin, and Their Cognate Receptors in Teleost Reproduction

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are eukaryotic transmembrane proteins found in all living organisms. Their versatility and roles in several physiological processes make them the single largest family of drug targets. Comparative genomic studies using various model organisms have provided useful information about target receptors. The similarity of the genetic makeup of teleosts to that of humans and other vertebrates aligns with the study of GPCRs. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) represents a critical step in the reproductive process through its cognate GnRH receptors (GnRHRs). Kisspeptin (Kiss1) and its cognate GPCR, GPR54 (=kisspeptin receptor, Kiss-R), have recently been identified as a critical signaling system in the control of reproduction. The Kiss1/Kiss-R system regulates GnRH release, which is vital to pubertal development and vertebrate reproduction. This review highlights the physiological role of kisspeptin-Kiss-R signaling in the reproductive neuroendocrine axis in teleosts through the modulation of GnRH release. Moreover, we also review the recent developments in GnRHR and Kiss-R with respect to their structural variants, signaling mechanisms, ligand interactions, and functional significance. Finally, we discuss the recent progress in identifying many teleost GnRH-GnRHR and kisspeptin-Kiss-R systems and consider their physiological significance in the control of reproduction.
Electrical Substrate Elimination in 135 Consecutive Patients With Brugada Syndrome

Background— There is emerging evidence that localization and elimination of abnormal electric activity in the epicardial right ventricular outflow tract may be beneficial in patients with Brugada syndrome. Methods and Results— A total of 135 symptomatic Brugada syndrome patients having implantable cardiac defibrillator were enrolled: 63 (group 1) having documented ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF) and Brugada syndrome–related symptoms, and 72 (group 2) having inducible VT/VF without ECG documentation at the time of symptoms. About 27 patients of group 1 experienced multiple implantable cardiac defibrillator shocks for recurrent VT/VF episodes. Three-dimensional maps before and after ajmaline determined the arrhythmogenic electrophysiological substrate (AES) as characterized by prolonged fragmented ventricular potentials. Primary end point was identification and elimination of AES leading to ECG pattern normalization and VT/VF noninducibility. Extensive areas of AES were found in the right ventricle epicardium, which were wider in group 1 (P=0.007). AES increased after ajmaline in both groups (P<0.001) and was larger in men (P=0.008). The increase of type-1 ST-segment elevation correlated with AES expansion (r=0.682, P<0.001). Radiofrequency ablation eliminated AES leading to ECG normalization and VT/VF noninducibility in all patients. During a median follow-up of 10 months, the ECG remained normal even after ajmaline in all except 2 patients who underwent a repeated effective procedure for recurrent VF. Conclusions— In Brugada syndrome, AES is commonly located in the right ventricle epicardium and ajmaline exposes its extent and distribution, which is correlated with the degree of coved ST-elevation. AES elimination by radiofrequency ablation results in ECG normalization and VT/VF noninducibility. Substrate-based ablation is effective in potentially eliminating the arrhythmic consequences of this genetic disease. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02641431.
Relations of plasma TG and HDL-C concentrations to body composition and plasma insulin levels are altered in men with small LDL particles.

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclass pattern B is characterized by a predominance of small, dense LDL particles (LDL peak particle size < or = 255 A), increased plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, and glucose intolerance. This study tested the hypothesis that there are differences in the regulation of TG and HDL metabolism by insulin in patients with LDL pattern B. The study group comprised 160 healthy older (60 +/- 8 years, mean +/- SD) men. Forty-nine of the men (31%) had LDL pattern B. These men had a higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (0.98 +/- 0.06 versus 0.95 +/- 0.06, P < .005) and lower maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) (P < .005) than the 111 men of comparable age with a predominance of larger LDL particles (LDL peak particle size > 255 A, LDL pattern A). Men with LDL pattern B also had higher TG (1.76 +/- 0.60 versus 1.03 +/- 0.41 mmol/L, P < .0001) and lower HDL cholesterol (0.83 +/- 0.13 versus 1.06 +/- 0.29 mmol/L, P < .0001) and percent HDL2 subspecies (by gradient gel electrophoresis) (31 +/- 4 versus 43 +/- 6, P < .0001) levels than men with LDL pattern A, but the total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels did not differ between groups. Fasting glucose and insulin levels also did not differ between groups, but plasma glucose and insulin levels measured at 90 and 120 minutes during an oral glucose tolerance test were significantly higher in men with LDL pattern B. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Epidemic-style Causal Order Broadcasting Only Using Partial View

Because network-level reliable group communication protocols rely on IP multicast and have lack of reliability, this motivates the demand on application-level group communication. Epidemic-style protocols among these application-level approaches guarantee reasonably high reliability, provide good scalability and are easy to deploy. But, earlier versions of these protocols often rely on the assumption that every process knows every other process. There exist epidemic-style broadcast protocols based on partially randomized individual views providing totally ordered delivery of broadcast messages to members of large groups. However, there is no such epidemic-style broadcast protocol providing causally ordered delivery property, which is very useful for many distributed applications such as video-conferencing and multi-party games. This paper proposes an efficient epidemic-style broadcast protocol to guarantee causally ordered delivery semantics based on the local view of every individual member consisting of a subset of members, which continuously evolves, but never exceeds a fixed size.
On Two Infinite Families of Pairing Bijections

We describe two general mechanisms for producing pairing bijections (bijective functions defined from N x N to N). The first mechanism, using n-adic valuations results in parameterized algorithms generating a countable family of distinct pairing bijections. The second mechanism, using characteristic functions of subsets of N provides 2^N distinct pairing bijections. Mechanisms to combine such pairing functions and their application to generate families of permutations of N are also described. The paper uses a small subset of the functional language Haskell to provide type checked executable specifications of all the functions defined in a literate programming style. The self-contained Haskell code extracted from the paper is available at this http URL .
La respuesta locomotora al ambiente novedoso en el corredor circular predice cambios de los índices depresivos y antidepresivos durante la prueba de nado forzado en ratas Wistar hembras

espanolIntroduccion. Los farmacos antidepresivos modulan diferencialmente las conductas usadas como indices depresivos en ratas con diferente respuesta locomotora al ambiente novedoso. Objetivo. Evaluar el desempeno en la prueba de nado forzado (PNF) de ratas Wistar hembras, identificadas por su respuesta locomotora al ambiente novedoso en la prueba de corredor circular (CC). Materiales y Metodos. Medimos el desempeno en la PNF de ratas clasificadas como “LR” o “HR” de acuerdo con la distribucion de sus respuestas locomotoras en el CC. Resultados. En promedio, las ratas realizaron 183 ± 9 cruzamientos en el CC. Las ratas LR registraron 125 ± 8 cruzamientos, mientras que las ratas HR realizaron 229 ± 10 cruzamientos. Cuando todas las ratas fueron evaluadas una semana despues en la PNF, el tiempo de inmovilidad (TI) se incremento (p Finalmente, el numero de cruzamientos realizado por las ratas LR, pero no por las HR, mostro correlacion con el TI y con el TE que produjeron en la PNF. Conclusiones. Las ratas Wistar hembras expresan respuesta diferencial al ambiente novedoso que predice su desempeno en las dos sesiones de la PNF. EnglishThe locomotor response during a forced swimming test in a novel circular corridor environment as a predictor for changes in antidepressant indices in female Wistar rats Introduction. Antidepressant drugs differentially modulate behaviors used as depressive indices in rats with different locomotor responses when faced with a new stressful environment. Objective. To evaluate in the forced swimming test (PNF), female Wistar rats selected according to the distance traveled in the circular corridor test (CC). Materials and Methods. We compared the performance in the forced swimming test a group of rats detected in below the 34th percentile in the distribution of their locomotor responses, classified as "LR", with another group "HR", detected above the 66th percentile in the same distribution in the CC. Results. On average, 40 rats made 183 ± 9 crossings (median 184) in the CC. LR rats produced 125 ± 8 crossings (median 120, n = 9). While rats HR produced 229 ± 10 crossings (median 216, n = 6). In 20 rats evaluated in the FST a week after CC, the immobility time (IT) was increased (p paired t-test). However, when this group HR and LR rats were evaluated separately for rats LR now only reduced the ST. IT increased and CT declined for HR rats. The number of crosses made by LR rats, but not for the HR, showed correlation with IT and CT. Conclusions. The differential response to a novel environment of Wistar rats female predicts their performance on FST.