Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved Loss Minimization Control Based on Time-Harmonic Equivalent Circuit for Linear Induction Motors Adopted to Linear Metro

By the supply of two-level voltage source converter with low switching frequency, the linear induction motor (LIM) adopted to linear metro suffers from time harmonics greatly, which would aggravate the airgap flux density, cause extra harmonic loss, and reduce working efficiency for the LIM and drive. In order to quantitatively analyze and reduce the neglective influence of time harmonics, one loss minimization control (LMC) scheme based on improved loss model is proposed in this paper. First, the traditional loss model under sinusoidal excitation is introduced. Second, after analyzing the main harmonic components of converter, one improved loss model based on the equivalent circuit under harmonic excitation is innovatively proposed in this work. Third, one novel LMC scheme with loss minimization cost function is developed, which can find out the optimal flux linkage to get the minimal loss for the LIM. Finally, the proposed loss model considering harmonic and LMC scheme have been fully validated by comprehensive simulation and experiments in terms of one 3 kW prototype.
Indian Summer Monsoon Precipitation Climatology in a High-Resolution Regional Climate Model: Impacts of Convective Parameterization on Systematic Biases

Abstract In an attempt to develop a better simulation of the climatology of monsoon precipitation in climate models, this paper investigates the impacts of different convective closures on systematic biases of an Indian monsoon precipitation climatology in a high-resolution regional climate model. For this purpose, the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model is run at 45- and 15-km (two-way nested) resolution with three convective parameterization schemes, namely the Grell–Devenyi (GD), the Betts–Miller–Janjic (BMJ), and the Kain–Fritsch (KF), for the period 1 May–31 October 2001–07. The model is forced with the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data as the initial and boundary conditions. The simulated June–September (JJAS) mean monsoon rainfall with the three convective schemes is compared with the observations. KF is found to have a high moist bias over the central and western coastal Indian region while GD shows the opposite. Among the three, BMJ is able to produce a reasonable mean monsoon pattern. In an attempt to.
Prescribing Exercise to Cancer Patients Suffering from Increased Bone Fracture Risk Due to Metastatic Bone Disease or Multiple Myeloma in Austria—An Inter- and Multidisciplinary Evaluation Measure

Simple Summary Some cancer patients are at increased risk of fractures due to their disease. Since these patients would still benefit from physical exercise overall, they should be given exercise recommendations that take their individual musculoskeletal situation into account. This article describes how this process should be handled according to Austrian experts. Each patient should be considered an individual case managed by his or her medical case manager (physiatrist/rehabilitation specialist). There should be specialists who assess the fracture risk (radiologist, oncologist, orthopedist, and radiation specialist), specialists who assess cardiovascular risk (internist and cardiologist), specialists who choose suitable exercises (sport scientist and physiatrist), and specialists for additional physical treatment (physiatrist and physical therapist). Abstract Introduction: In the current absence of specific functional fracture risk assessment technology, the planning of physical exercise interventions for cancer patients suffering from increased bone fracture risk remains a serious clinical challenge. Until a reliable, solely technical solution is available for the clinician, fracture risk assessment remains an inter- and multidisciplinary decision to be made by various medical experts. The aim of this short paper is depicting how this challenge should be approached in the clinical reality according to Austrian experts in cancer rehabilitation, presenting the best-practice model in Austria. Following referral from the specialist responsible for the primary cancer treatment (oncologist, surgeon, etc.), the physiatrist takes on the role of rehabilitation case manager for each individual patient. Fracture risk assessment is then undertaken by specialists in radiology, orthopedics, oncology, and radiation therapy, with the result that the affected bone regions are classified as being at highly/slightly/not increased fracture risk. Following internal clearance, exercise planning is undertaken by a specialist in exercise therapy together with the physiatrist based on the individual’s fracture risk assessment. In the case in which the patient shows exercise limitations due to additional musculoskeletal impairments, adjuvant physical modalities such as physiotherapy should be prescribed to increase exercisability. Conclusion: Exercise prescription for cancer patients suffering from increased fracture risk is an inter- and multidisciplinary team decision for each individual patient.
Development of cross-service training and job performance criterion measures for the U.S. Military

ABSTRACT As part of an effort to provide standardized criterion measures across the Armed Services, the current research effort developed a set of service-wide criterion measures for first-term enlisted personnel using a recently developed model of cross-service job performance. Two concurrent work streams developed criterion measures which provide complete construct coverage of the cross-service performance model. Using existing service-specific instruments, methods for development of the Cross-Service Situational judgment Test (CSSJT), the Cross-Service Job Performance Ratings Scales (CSPRS), and two cross-service self-report measures (end of training and in unit surveys) are described and discussed.
An Unexpected Enzyme in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Angiotensin II Upregulates Cholesterol-25-Hydroxylase Gene Expression

Angiotensin II (AngII) is a vasoactive peptide hormone, which, under pathological conditions, contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Oxysterols, including 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC), the product of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (CH25H), also have detrimental effects on vascular health by affecting vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We investigated AngII-induced gene expression changes in VSMCs to explore whether AngII stimulus and 25-HC production have a connection in the vasculature. RNA-sequencing revealed that Ch25h is significantly upregulated in response to AngII stimulus. The Ch25h mRNA levels were elevated robustly (~50-fold) 1 h after AngII (100 nM) stimulation compared to baseline levels. Using inhibitors, we specified that the AngII-induced Ch25h upregulation is type 1 angiotensin II receptor- and Gq/11 activity-dependent. Furthermore, p38 MAPK has a crucial role in the upregulation of Ch25h. We performed LC-MS/MS to identify 25-HC in the supernatant of AngII-stimulated VSMCs. In the supernatants, 25-HC concentration peaked 4 h after AngII stimulation. Our findings provide insight into the pathways mediating AngII-induced Ch25h upregulation. Our study elucidates a connection between AngII stimulus and 25-HC production in primary rat VSMCs. These results potentially lead to the identification and understanding of new mechanisms in the pathogenesis of vascular impairments.
MASSIM, the Milli-Arc-Second Structure Imager

The MASSIM (Milli-Arc-Second Structure Imager) mission will use a set of achromatic diffractive-refractive Fresnel lenses to achieve imaging in the X-ray band with unprecedented angular resolution. It has been proposed for study within the context of NASA's "Astrophysics Strategic Mission Concept Studies" program. Lenses on an optics spacecraft will focus 5-11 keV X-rays onto detectors on a second spacecraft flying in formation 1000 km away. It will have a point-source sensitivity comparable with that of the current generation of major X-ray observatories (Chandra, XMM-Newton) but an angular resolution some three orders of magnitude better. MASSIM is optimized for the study of jets and other phenomena that occur in the immediate vicinity of black holes and neutron stars. It can also be used for studying other phenomena on the milli-arc-second scale, such as those involving proto-stars, the surfaces and surroundings of nearby active stars and interacting winds.
UHF Composite Bulk Wave Resonators

At VHF and UHF the fabrication of bulk wave resonators and monolithic filters by conventional techniques is difficult or impossible due to the thin fragile nature of the r equired structure. This paper reports on a class of miniature bulk wave resonators that have been fabricated using thin film and microelectronic materials processing techniques. The resonators are composed of a thin sputtered ZnO film on a thin single crystal membrane that in turn is supported by the bulk of the Si substrate or wafer. The resonators have fundamental mode resonant frequencies near 500 MHz and have exhibited Q's as high as 9000. The resonator area is less than 150 microns square and with supporting substrate is less than 1 mm square. The supporting theory for the resonators shows that they have the unique property of operation on both even and odd overtones in contrast to conventional thickness mode resonators which offer only odd overtone operation.
The dynamics of two-layer gravity-driven flows in permeable rock

We examine the motion of a two-layer gravity current, composed of two fluids of different viscosity and density, as it propagates through a model porous layer. We focus on two specific situations: first, the case in which each layer of fluid has finite volume, and secondly, the case in which each layer is supplied by a steady maintained flux. In both cases, we find similarity solutions which describe the evolution of the flow. These solutions illustrate how the morphology of the interface between the two layers of fluid depends on the viscosity, density and volume ratios of the two layers. We show that in the special case that the viscosity ratio of the upper to lower layers, V, satisfies V = (1 + F)/(1 + RF) where F and R are respectively the ratios of the volume and buoyancy of the lower layer to those of the upper layer, then the ratio of layer depths is the same at all points. Furthermore, we show that for V > (<)(1 + F)/(1 + RF), the lower (upper) layer advances ahead of the upper (lower) layer. We also present some new laboratory experiments on two-layer gravity currents, using a Hele-Shaw cell, and show that these are in accord with the model predictions. One interesting prediction of the model, which is confirmed by the experiments, is that for a finite volume release, if the viscosity ratio is sufficiently large, then the less-viscous layer separates from the source. We extend the model to describe the propagation of a layer of fluid which is continuously stratified in either density or viscosity, and we briefly discuss application of the results for modelling various two-layer gravity-driven flows in permeable rock.
Meal Vouchers Matter for Academic Attainment: A Community College Field Experiment

Given growing awareness of the high prevalence of food insecurity among college students, higher education leaders are implementing various food interventions on their campuses. However, there is little research on the efficacy and impact of these initiatives. Using data from a field randomized control trial, we find that a relatively modest financial investment in campus meal cards coupled with proactive outreach by an existing campus office improved community college students’ academic attainment outcomes. Students who were invited to participate in the meal voucher program attempted and completed more credits during their first year of college and were more likely to graduate in 2 years than otherwise similar peers, indicating that a campus meal program can promote college success.
Determining modes and fractal dimension of turbulent flows

Research on the abstract properties of the Navier–Stokes equations in three dimensions has cast a new light on the time-asymptotic approximate solutions of those equations. Here heuristic arguments, based on the rigorous results of that research, are used to show the intimate relationship between the sufficient number of degrees of freedom describing fluid flow and the bound on the fractal dimension of the Navier–Stokes attractor. In particular it is demonstrated how the conventional estimate of the number of degrees of freedom, based on purely physical and dimensional arguments, can be obtained from the properties of the Navier–Stokes equation. Also the Reynolds-number dependence of the sufficient number of degrees of freedom and of the dimension of the attractor in function space is elucidated.
Contour-SLAM: A Robust Object-Level SLAM Based on Contour Alignment

Objects in environments are more stable than feature points, which can benefit for building a wide range of common view relationship and effectively reduce the cumulative error of visual localization. In this article, we propose contour-SLAM, the first RGB-D object-level SLAM method that uses the projection constraints between the dense object model and its instance masks for state estimation. First, considering that the unstructured object models are difficult to describe mathematically and their reprojection errors are difficult to quantify, we use voxels and cuboids to model objects and define the reprojection error between the 3-D object model and its 2-D instance segmentation mask based on the outer contour distance. Second, we construct a covisibility graph between keyframes based on the shared observations of same feature points and objects, which is further used to maintain a local map including keyframes, map points, and object models in real-time. Finally, a multiview bundle adjustment (BA) formulation is proposed to jointly optimize the three components of the local map. Experimental results on public dataset and our own collected sequences demonstrate that object modeling and camera pose estimation can benefit each other. The proposed method demonstrates competitive performance compared with the state-of-the-art SLAM methods.
The Mitochondrial tRNASer(UCN) Gene: A Novel m.7484A>G Mutation Associated with Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy and Literature Review

Mitochondrial tRNASer(UCN) is considered a hot-spot for non-syndromic and aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss. However, many patients have been described with more extensive neurological diseases, mainly including epilepsy, myoclonus, ataxia, and myopathy. We describe a novel homoplasmic m.7484A>G mutation in the tRNASer(UCN) gene affecting the third base of the anticodon triplet in a girl with profound intellectual disability, spastic tetraplegia, sensorineural hearing loss, a clinical history of epilepsia partialis continua and vomiting, typical of MELAS syndrome, leading to a myoclonic epilepticus status, and myopathy with severe COX deficiency at muscle biopsy. The mutation was also found in the homoplasmic condition in the mother who presented with mild cognitive deficit, cerebellar ataxia, myoclonic epilepsy, sensorineural hearing loss and myopathy with COX deficient ragged-red fibers consistent with MERRF syndrome. This is the first anticodon mutation in the tRNASer(UCN) and the second homoplasmic mutation in the anticodon triplet reported to date.
HETEROSIS AND INBREEDING DEPRESSION IN GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRIDS

This study aimed to estimate the heterosis, heterobeltiosis, and inbreeding depression in grain sorghum hybrids. Twenty-five hybrids were evaluated in two seasons. The evaluated traits were days to flowering (FL), plant height (PH), grain yield (GY), and thousand grains mass (M1000). The contrast tested were F1 hybrids vs. check cultivars, F1 hybrids vs. parental lines, and F1 hybrids vs. F2 hybrids. The hybrids 1167048, 1099044, 1170017, and 1169054 had a five-day less flowering time than their parental lines. The hybrid 1170017 had a high grain yield (6.23 t ha-1) with 43.55% of heterobeltiosis. The diversity between lines was narrow. However, hybrids with higher grain yield, heterosis, and heterobeltiosis showed higher genetic distances from their parental lines. The inbreeding depression between F1 vs. F2 was 30%, indicating that using F1 hybrids seeds is worthwhile.
Stroke profile and care during the COVID-19 pandemic: What changed and what did not? A prospective cohort from Joinville, Brazil

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has wrought negative consequences concerning quality of care for stroke patients since its onset. Prospective population-based data about stroke care in the pandemic are limited. This study aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on stroke profile and care in Joinville, Brazil. Methods A prospective population-based cohort enrolled the first-ever cerebrovascular events in Joinville, Brazil, and a comparative analyzes was conducted between the first 12 months following COVID-19 restrictions (starting March 2020) and the 12 months just before. Patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke had their profiles, incidences, subtypes, severity, access to reperfusion therapy, in-hospital stay, complementary investigation, and mortality compared. Results The profiles of TIA/stroke patients in both periods were similar, with no differences in gender, age, severity, or comorbidities. There was a reduction in incidence of TIA (32.8%; p = 0.003). In both periods, intravenous thrombolysis (IV) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) rates and intervals from door to IV/MT were similar. Patients with cardioembolic stroke and atrial fibrillation had their in-hospital stay abbreviated. The etiologic investigation was similar before and during the pandemic, but there were increases in cranial tomographies (p = 0.02), transthoracic echocardiograms (p = 0.001), chest X-rays (p < 0.001) and transcranial Doppler ultrasounds (p < 0.001). The number of cranial magnetic resonance imaging decreased in the pandemic. In-hospital mortality did not change. Discussion The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a reduction in TIA, without any influence on stroke profile, the quality of stroke care, in-hospital investigation or mortality. Our findings show an effective response by the local stroke care system and offer convincing evidence that interdisciplinary efforts are the ideal approach to avoiding the COVID-19 pandemic's negative effects, even with scarce resources.
SU2 monopole harmonics

For a particle of I‐spin I in an SU2 monopole field in five‐dimensional Euclidean space, the monopole harmonics are found. They belong to the irreducible representation (p,q)5 where p =q+2I. They form a complete set of wave sections.
On the bergman kernel of hyperconvex domains

Let D be a bounded pseudoconvex domain in C n , and let KD (z, w) be the Bergman kernel function of D. The boundary behavior of KD (z, w), or that of KD (z, z), has attracted a lot of attention because it is closely related to the pseudoconformal geometry of D and ∂D.
SEQUENTIAL CHANGE-POINT DETECTION IN GARCH(p,q) MODELS

We suggest a sequential monitoring scheme to detect changes in the parameters of a GARCH(p,q) sequence. The procedure is based on quasi-likelihood scores and does not use model residuals. Unlike for linear regression models, the squared residuals of nonlinear time series models such as generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) do not satisfy a functional central limit theorem with a Wiener process as a limit, so its boundary crossing probabilities cannot be used. Our procedure nevertheless has an asymptotically controlled size, and, moreover, the conditions on the boundary function are very simple; it can be chosen as a constant. We establish the asymptotic properties of our monitoring scheme under both the null of no change in parameters and the alternative of a change in parameters and investigate its finite-sample behavior by means of a small simulation study.This research was partially supported by NSF grant INT-0223262 and NATO grant PST.CLG. 977607. The work of the first author was supported by the Hungarian National Foundation for Scientific Research, grants T 29621, 37886; the work of the second author was supported by NSERC Canada.
Detection of sea‐water motion by nuclear precession

The long memory of nuclear-spin Larmor precession can be utilized to detect small changes in precession phase angle. The detection of longrange, slow transport of sea water caused by internal waves or other disturbances would seem desirable. Consider how the transport of a volume element of spins in a liquid through a spatial, inhomogeneous, magnetic field affects the phase of Larmor precession. For simplicity, consider a volume element of spins at position x0 at time t = 0, and assume that this volume element moves with a constant velocity v in an inhomogeneous field H(x). The magnitude and direction of v is to be measured, and it is shown that v as small as 10−8 cm/sec is detectable.
From medical images to anatomically accurate finite element grids

The successful application of computational modelling of blood flow for the planning of surgical and interventional procedures to treat cardiovascular diseases strongly depends on the rapid construction of anatomical models. The large individual variability of the human vasculature and the strong dependence of blood flow characteristics on the vessel geometry require modelling on a patient‐specific basis. Various image processing and geometrical modelling techniques are integrated for the rapid construction of geometrical surface models of arteries starting from medical images. These discretely defined surfaces are then used to generate anatomically accurate finite element grids for hemodynamic simulations. The proposed methodology operates directly in 3D and consists of three stages. In the first stage, the images are filtered to reduce noise and segmented using a region‐growing algorithm in order to obtain a properly defined boundary of the arterial lumen walls. In the second stage, a surface triangulation representing the vessel walls is generated using a direct tessellation of the boundary voxels. This surface is then smoothed and the quality of the resulting triangulation is improved. Finally, in the third stage, the triangulation is subdivided into so‐called discrete surface patches for surface gridding, the desired element size distribution is defined and the finite element grid generated. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.