Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DAWN: Delay-Aware Wi-Fi Offloading and Network Selection

To accommodate the explosive growth in mobile data traffic, both mobile cellular operators and mobile users are increasingly interested in offloading the traffic from cellular networks to Wi-Fi networks. However, previously proposed offloading schemes mainly focus on reducing the cellular data usage, without paying too much attention on the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the applications. In this paper, we study the Wi-Fi offloading problem with delay-tolerant applications under usage-based pricing. We aim to achieve a good tradeoff between the user's payment and its QoS characterized by the file transfer deadline. We first propose a general Delay- Aware Wi-Fi Offloading and Network Selection (DAWN) algorithm for a general single-user decision scenario. We then analytically establish the sufficient conditions, under which the optimal policy exhibits a threshold structure in terms of both the time and file size. As a result, we propose a monotone DAWN algorithm that approximately solves the general offloading problem, and has a much lower computational complexity comparing to the optimal algorithm. Simulation results show that both the general and monotone DAWN schemes achieve a high probability of completing file transfer under a stringent deadline, and require the lowest payment under a non-stringent deadline as compared with three heuristic schemes.
POLICEwomen or PoliceWOMEN?

This work originates from a set of accounts given by female police officers to determine how they construct their identity and their image of themselves in relation to their gender, as they talk about their roles as police, and the broader roles of men and women in society. Despite policewomen's fight for equality in policing, women not only differentiated themselves from their male counterparts, but also described “doing gender” (West & Zimmerman, 1987) and “doing police work” collaboratively. Women actively resisted and adopted stereotypical norms of femininity and policing, broadening their opportunities for work in the male dominated occupation while reinforcing their traditional conception of gender difference.
A constricting band: An unusual cause of incomplete expansion of Amplatzer septal occluder device

Various problems and complications have been reported during transcatheter closure of ostium secundum atrial septal defect with Amplatzer septal occluder. We report an unusual problem that was responsible for incomplete expansion of the waist of the device, not yet reported in world literature. A polyester band in continuation with the polyester mesh was found constricting the waist of the device, which after being cut led to successful redeployment of the device. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2004;61:418–421. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Compact routing on euclidian metrics

We consider the problem of designing a compact communication network that supports efficient routing in an Euclidean plane. Our network design and routing scheme achieves 1+ε stretch, logarithmic diameter, and constant out degree. This improves upon the best known result so far that requires a logarithmic out-degree. Furthermore, our scheme is asymptotically optimal in Euclidean metrics whose diameter is polynomial.
N ov 2 00 5 Zero-groups and maximal tori

We give a presentation of various results on zero-groups in o-minimal structures together with some new observations. In particular we prove that if G is a definably connected definably compact group in an o-minimal expansion of a real closed field, then for any maximal definably connected abelian subgroup T of G, G is the union of the conjugates of T . This can be seen as a generalization of the classical theorem that a compact connected Lie group is the union of the conjugates of any of its maximal tori.
A Biosocial Model of Status in Face-to-Face Primate Groups

This paper describes a biosocial model of status in face-to-face groups. It argues that status ranks are allocated among members of a group through face-to-face interaction and that the allocation process is similar across each primate species, including humans. Every member of a group signifies its rank through physical or vocal demeanor. For example, behavioral signs of dominant status include erect posture, glares, eye contact, strutting, and (in humans) assertive speech. Individuals whose behaviors exhibit dominance show high or rising levels of testosterone compared to those who exhibit deference. Testosterone and dominance are reciprocally related. The model relies more on research on males than on females. It is proposed as a theory about both sexes, but with a caution that little is known about sex differences in the relation of hormones to dominance behavior. It has become dear, after two decades of primate studies, that the "dominance orders" of monkeys and apes have important commonalities with status hierarchies in small, established human groups, suggesting that they have common evolutionary roots (Mazur; Savin-Williams and Freeman). ' Whereas early theories of face-to-face status processes among humans have often depended on complex cognitive and linguistic mechanisms, requiring human-level mental abilities, it now seems proper to seek explanatory mechanisms that apply across the primate species, not just to humans.
Theories of Autism

This paper describes three theoretical positions relating to the difficulty in understanding the minds of others which is typically experienced by individuals with autism. Each ofthe competing theories is examined in terms of its implications for classroom practice rather than its veracity. Arguments for an approach to teaching that involves diagnosis and recognition of difficulties at a psychological rather than a merely behavioural level are revisited and extended in the light of the earlier discussions.
Silencing GFAP isoforms in astrocytoma cells disturbs laminin‐dependent motility and cell adhesion

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is an intermediate filament protein expressed in astrocytes and neural stem cells. The GFAP gene is alternatively spliced, and expression of GFAP is highly regulated during development, on brain damage, and in neurodegenerative diseases. GFAPα is the canonical splice variant and is expressed in all GFAP‐positive cells. In the human brain, the alternatively spliced transcript GFAPδ marks specialized astrocyte populations, such as subpial astrocytes and the neurogenic astrocytes in the human subventricular zone. We here show that shifting the GFAP isoform ratio in favor of GFAPδ in astrocytoma cells, by selectively silencing the canonical isoform GFAPα with short hairpin RNAs, induced a change in integrins, a decrease in plectin, and an increase in expression of the extracellular matrix component laminin. Together, this did not affect cell proliferation but resulted in a significantly decreased motility of astrocytoma cells. In contrast, a down‐regulation of all GFAP isoforms led to less cell spreading, increased integrin expression, and a > 100‐fold difference in the adhesion of astrocytoma cells to laminin. In summary, isoform‐specific silencing of GFAP revealed distinct roles of a specialized GFAP network in regulating the interaction of astrocytoma cells with the extracellular matrix through laminin. —Moeton, M. , Kanski, R. , Stassen, O. M. J. A. , Sluijs, J. A. , Geerts, D. , van Tijn, P., Wiche, G. , van Strien, M. E. , Hol, E. M. Silencing GFAP isoforms in astrocytoma cells disturbs laminin dependent motility and cell adhesion. FASEB J. 28, 2942–2954 (2014). www.fasebj. org
Low Prevalence of “Ideal Cardiovascular Health” in a Community-Based Population: The Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation (Heart SCORE) Study

Background— Cardiovascular health is a new construct defined by the American Heart Association (AHA) as part of its 2020 Impact Goal definition. The applicability of this construct to community-based populations and the distributions of its components by race and sex have not been reported. Methods and Results— The AHA construct of cardiovascular health and the AHA ideal health behaviors index and ideal health factors index were evaluated among 1933 participants (mean age 59 years; 44% blacks; 66% women) in the community-based Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation (Heart SCORE) study. One of 1933 participants (0.1%) met all 7 components of the AHA's definition of ideal cardiovascular health. Less than 10% of participants met ≥5 components of ideal cardiovascular health in all subgroups (by race, sex, age, and income level). Thirty-nine subjects (2.0%) had all 4 components of the ideal health behaviors index and 27 (1.4%) had all 3 components of the ideal health factors index. Blacks had significantly fewer ideal cardiovascular health components than whites (2.0±1.2 versus 2.6±1.4; P<0.001). After adjustment by sex, age, and income level, blacks had 82% lower odds of having ≥5 components of ideal cardiovascular health (odds ratio 0.18, 95% confidence interval, 0.10 to 0.34; P<0.001). No interaction was found between race and sex. Conclusion— The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health is extremely low in a middle-aged community-based study population. Comprehensive individual and population-based interventions must be developed to support the attainment of the AHA′s 2020 Impact Goal for cardiovascular health.
Hyaluronic acid fillers with cohesive polydensified matrix for soft-tissue augmentation and rejuvenation: a literature review

Background Cohesive monophasic polydensified fillers show unique viscoelastic properties and variable density of hyaluronic acid, allowing for a homogeneous tissue integration and distribution of the material. Objective The aim of this paper was to review the clinical data regarding the performance, tolerability, and safety of the Belotero® fillers for soft-tissue augmentation and rejuvenation. Methods A literature search was performed up until May 31, 2015 to identify all relevant articles on Belotero® fillers (Basic/Balance, Hydro, Soft, Intense, Volume) and equivalent products (Esthélis®, Mesolis®, Fortélis®, Modélis®). Results This comprehensive review included 26 papers. Findings from three randomized controlled trials showed a greater reduction in nasolabial fold severity with Belotero® Basic/Balance than with collagen (at 8, 12, 16, and 24 weeks, n=118) and Restylane® (at 4 weeks, n=40), and higher patient satisfaction with Belotero® Intense than with Perlane® (at 2 weeks, n=20). With Belotero® Basic/Balance, an improvement of at least 1 point on the severity scale can be expected in ~80% of patients 1–6 months after injection, with an effect still visible at 8–12 months. Positive findings were also reported with Belotero® Volume (no reduction in hyaluronic acid volume at 12 months, as demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging), Soft (improvement in the esthetic outcomes when used in a sequential approach), and Hydro (improvement in skin appearance in all patients). The most common adverse effects were mild-to-moderate erythema, edema, and hematoma, most of which were temporary. There were no reports of Tyndall effect, nodules, granulomas, or tissue necrosis. Conclusion Clinical evidence indicates sustainable esthetic effects, good safety profile, and long-term tolerability of the Belotero® fillers, particularly Belotero® Basic/Balance and Intense.
Equality of mentoring and coaching opportunity: making both available to pre-service teachers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore why mentoring is preferred over coaching when supporting pre-service teachers, compared with other stages in a teacher’s career where coaching is more readily available. Design/methodology/approach – The paper first draws upon pre-existing literature which addresses the ways in which mentoring is used for pre-service teachers; followed by a discussion of the place and use of coaching within education. It then focuses on data generated from interviews with senior teachers responsible for the induction of pre-service teachers within three UK-based secondary schools and compares this to findings about mentor and coach approaches used in other sectors or contexts. Findings – Findings point towards an imbalance in the use of mentoring and coaching within education, with a particular underuse of coaching for pre-service teachers. Some mentoring (and indeed coaching) interventions are founded on a deficit model; therefore mentors of pre-service teachers could be .
Toward real time detection of the basic living activity in home using a wearable sensor and smart home sensors

As the elderly people living alone are enormously increasing recently, we need the system inferring activities of daily living (ADL) for maintaining healthy life and recognizing emergency. The system should be constructed with sensors, which are used to associate with people's living while remaining as non intrusive views as possible. To do this, the proposed system use a triaxial accelerometer sensor and environment sensors indicating contact with subject in home. Particularly, in order to robustly infer ADLs, we present component ADL, which is decided with conjunction of human motion together, not just only contacted object identification. It is an important component in inferring ADL. In special, component ADL decision firstly refines misclassified initial activities, which improves the accuracy of recognizing ADL. Preliminary experiments results for proposed system provides overall recognition rate of over 97% over 8 component ADLs, which can be effectively applicable to recognize the final ADLs.
Propulsion system architecture and power conditioning topologies for fuel cell vehicles

Efficient Power conversion technologies are strategic to the advancement of fuel cell vehicles. This paper presents an overview of power conditioning system (PCS) architectures for fuel cell vehicles (FCV) propulsion system. Two new power conversion topologies to obtain variable ac from the fuel cell system are proposed. The switching of the power devices are based on the proposed hybrid modulation technique that minimizes the switching losses in the inverter. The proposed converters do not use the dc link filter capacitors. Elimination of dc-link capacitor not only reduces the size and volume, it also helps in retaining the sine wave modulated information at the input of three-phase inverter. Experimental results are presented for the proposed topologies.
Centromere fission, not telomere erosion, triggers chromosomal instability in human carcinomas

The majority of sporadic carcinomas suffer from a kind of genetic instability in which chromosome number changes occur together with segmental defects. This means that changes involving intact chromosomes accompany breakage-induced alterations. Whereas the causes of aneuploidy are described in detail, the origins of chromosome breakage in sporadic carcinomas remain disputed. The three main pathways of chromosomal instability (CIN) proposed until now (random breakage, telomere fusion and centromere fission) are largely based on animal models and in vitro experiments, and recent studies revealed several discrepancies between animal models and human cancer. Here, we discuss how the experimental systems translate to human carcinomas and compare the theoretical breakage products to data from patient material and cancer cell lines. The majority of chromosomal defects in human carcinomas comprises pericentromeric breaks that are captured by healthy telomeres, and only a minor proportion of chromosome fusions can be attributed to telomere erosion or random breakage. Centromere fission, not telomere erosion, is therefore the most probably trigger of CIN and early carcinogenesis. Similar centromere–telomere fusions might drive a subset of congenital defects and evolutionary chromosome changes.
Effects of Video Self-Modeling on Spontaneous Requesting in Children with Autism

Video self-modeling (VSM) is a promising intervention to teach new skills and improve the use of existing skills in young children with autism. VSM includes observation and imitation of one's self on videotape that records specific desirable child behaviors. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of VSM for training young children with autism to make spontaneous requests in school settings. Four young children with autism participated. Experimental control was demonstrated using a multiple-baseline design across participants. Introduction of VSM led to a large increase in requesting behavior in all four children. VSM was effective in causing an increase in spontaneous requesting in young children with autism.
PETs: A Stable and Accurate Predictor of Protein-Protein Interacting Sites Based on Extremely-Randomized Trees

Protein-protein interaction (PPI) plays crucial roles in the performance of various biological processes. A variety of methods are dedicated to identify whether proteins have interaction residues, but it is often more crucial to recognize each amino acid. In practical applications, the stability of a prediction model is as important as its accuracy. However, random sampling, which is widely used in previous prediction models, often brings large difference between each training model. In this paper, a Predictor of protein-protein interaction sites based on Extremely-randomized Trees (PETs) is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy while maintaining the prediction stability. In PETs, a cluster-based sampling strategy is proposed to ensure the model stability: first, the training dataset is divided into subsets using specific features; second, the subsets are clustered using K-means; and finally the samples are selected from each cluster. Using the proposed sampling strategy, samples which have different types of significant features could be selected independently from different clusters. The evaluation shows that PETs is able to achieve better accuracy while maintaining a good stability. The source code and toolkit are available at https://github.com/BinXia/PETs.
The Map of Moral Significance: A New Axiological Matrix for Environmental Ethics

One main issue within environmental ethics is the so-called Demarcation Problem, i.e. the question of which entities are members of the moral community and hold intrinsic value. I argue that the demarcation problem relies mainly on Kantian moral philosophy. While the Kantian framework offers a strong and immediately deontological argument for moral agents holding inherent moral values, it presents problems when stretched beyond its original scope and lacks an adequate ground for addressing relational complexity and the moral significance of collectives. In this paper I outline an alternative axiological framework (‘map of moral significance') that relies on a relational ontology and encompasses intrinsic and relational values as the two equipollent axes of a matrix in which to embed the question posited by the Demarcation Problem.
Challenges in Managing Implicit and Abstract Provenance Data: Experiences with ProvManager

Running scientific workflows in distributed and heterogeneous environments has been motivating the definition of provenance gathering approaches that are loosely coupled to workflow management systems. We have developed a provenance management system named ProvManager to manage provenance data in distributed and heterogeneous environments independent of a specific Scientific Workflow Management System. The experience of using ProvManager in real workflow applications has shown many provenance management issues that are not addressed in current related work. We have faced challenges such as the necessity of dealing with implicit provenance data and the lack of higher provenance abstraction levels. This paper discusses and points to directions towards these challenges, contextualizing them according to our experience in developing ProvManager.
Is Speed of Stimulus Categorization Slower in Stuttering Speakers? A Cognitive Event-Related Potential Study

This study examined stimuli classification skills in stuttering and nonstuttering speakers using a group study design across two measurement times. Auditory P300 event-related potentials were assessed in 10 stuttering speakers and 12 nonstuttering speakers. Study participants were recorded twice: stuttering speakers before and after a 3-week stuttering modification treatment program and controls three weeks apart. Right and left hemispheric P300 responses to tonal and speechlike stimuli were measured
An integer programming approach to the OSPF weight setting problem ∗

Under the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol, traffic flow in an Internet Protocol (IP) network is routed on the shortest paths between each source and destination. The shortest path is calculated based on pre-assigned weights on the network links. The OSPF weight setting problem is to determine a set of weights such that, if the flow is routed based on the OSPF protocol, some measure of network congestion is minimized. A variety of optimization approaches for this strongly NP -hard problem have been proposed. However, the existing studies develop heuristic solution methods without any quality guarantees. In this paper we propose an integer programming based solution strategy for the OSPF weight setting problem so as to obtain solutions with quality guarantees. We develop a family of valid inequalities for a mixedinteger linear programming formulation of the problem. These inequalities are incorporated within a branch-and-cut algorithm. Computational experiments using some randomly generated test problems and some problems taken from the literature indicate that the proposed approach is able to provide feasible solutions with significantly smaller optimality gaps than those provided by the state-of-the-art integer programming solver CPLEX.
Membrane Association of the Myristoylated Alanine-rich C Kinase Substrate (MARCKS) Protein.

The myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS) protein, a prominent cellular substrate for protein kinase C, is associated with membranes in various cell types. MARCKS is myristoylated at its amino terminus; this modification is thought to play the major role in anchoring MARCKS to cellular membranes. Recent studies have suggested that the protein's basic phosphorylation site/calmodulin binding domain may also be involved in the membrane association of MARCKS through electrostatic interactions. The present studies used mutations in the primary structure of the protein to investigate the nature of the association between MARCKS and cell membranes. In chick embryo fibroblasts, activation of protein kinase C led to a decrease in MARCKS membrane association as determined by cell fractionation techniques. Cell-free assays revealed that nonmyristoylated MARCKS exhibited almost no affinity for fibroblast membranes, despite readily demonstrable binding of the wild-type protein. Similar experiments in which the four serines in the phosphorylation site domain were mutated to aspartic acids, mimicking phosphorylation, decreased, but did not eliminate, membrane binding when compared to either the wild-type protein or a comparable tetra-asparagine mutant. Addition of calmodulin in the presence of Ca also inhibited binding of the wild-type protein to membranes, presumably by neutralizing the phosphorylation site domain, or by physically interfering with its membrane association. Surprisingly, expression of a nonmyristoylatable mutant form of MARCKS in intact cells led to only a 46% decrease in its plasma membrane association, as determined by cell fractionation and immunoelectron microscopy. These results are consistent with a complex model of the interaction of MARCKS with cellular membranes, in which the myristoyl moiety, the positively charged phosphorylation site domain, and possibly other domains make independent contributions to membrane binding in intact cells.