Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Informed position based watermarking

In this work we propose improvements to the preliminary investigation on position based watermarking by proposing an informed insertion approach. In addition, we see how these modifications bring even higher fidelity in comparison to the original work, and how the system may become reasonably robust to some common image processing operations. Regarding robustness, we show how the proposed system may have an unique approach when dealing with collusion attacks. Usually in watermarking systems, the information to be transmitted is related to the watermark sequence itself. In contrast, in position based watermarking, the information is given by the watermark position in the image. In the informed embedding method for position based watermarking introduced here, an optimization criterion to choose the best among the available positions is suggested, improving considerably the system's performance. We compare the improved system with the traditional spread spectrum method and obtain good results regarding both fidelity and robustness to different attacks.
ANALYSIS OF GANG SCHEDULING STRATEGY WITH SPEED-UP ’ S IN PARALLEL SYSTEMS ENVIRONMENT

T.N. Ravi, Dr. D.I. George Amalarethinam, & Dr. R. Balasubramanian Abstract Effective scheduling strategies to improve response times, throughput and utilization are important considerations in large scale computing environments. The nearly Space Sharing strategies resulted in low system utilization and large job waiting times. Gang scheduling combines both space sharing and time sharing. This paper analyses the Gang Scheduling technique that can be used beyond simple space sharing to greatly improve the performance of large parallel systems. The main contribution of this paper is an evaluation of Minimum Schedule Length and Speed up’s of Gang Scheduling technique, for five different applications.
Practically Relevant Quality Criteria for Requirements Documents

This paper presents common weaknesses of requirements documents from commercial software projects that frequently cause problems in practice. Many documents contain extensive, unstructured or even superfluous descriptions of details. At the same time, they lack a thorough description of the aim of the software system or one of its features. Such documents are difficult to read and to work with and they unnecessarily restrict possible solutions. We argue that two quality criteria must be considered in addition to common criteria. First, requirements documents should be based on a sound refinement of the main goals to concrete requirements. Secondly, they should follow the principle of minimality, i.e., no more details than necessary. In order to gain improvements in projects in practice, quality criteria must be communicated to authors. For this purpose, we propose two visualizations, which describe the information structure of the document in a technology-free and domain-independent manner.
Area-efficient power-rail ESD clamp circuit with SCR device embedded into ESD-transient detection circuit in a 65nm CMOS process

An area-efficient power-rail electrostatic discharge (ESD) clamp circuit with silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) as main ESD clamp device has been proposed and verified in a 65nm CMOS process. By modifying the layout structure, the ESD-transient detection circuit can be totally embedded in the SCR device. From the measured results, the proposed power-rail ESD clamp circuit with SCR width of 45μm can achieve 7kV human-body-model (HBM) and 350V machinemodel (MM) ESD levels under the ESD stress event, while consuming the standby leakage current in the order of nano-ampere at room temperature under the normal circuit operating condition with 1V bias.
Intelligence and family size.

The writer reviews the literature in psychology on testing involving the relationship between family size and intelligence level. A complicating factor is that fertility differentials among educated groups have decreased recently. There has always been a negative correlation between intelligence test scores of children and the number of their siblings. The question is found to be more complex that originally thought. Number of years between siblings is a complicating factor. The exact effects of heredity and environment parental motivation and contact with parents are other factors to consider. On the basis of early data several writers had predicted a drop in the intellectual level of the population. This conclusion is doubtful and needs more corroboration. Testing the relationship between intelligence and family size presents certain methodological problems: 1) incomplete families are included in the sampling; 2) selective factors such as several children from one family may skew the test data; and 3) mean family size can be defined in different ways. There is growing interest and a need for a carefully designed test to measure this relationship. A battery of aptitude tests not one single test should be used. Subjects should be measured until their families are complete. Ages of parents at birth of first and last child should be recorded. Information on occupation income and education levels is important.
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Melanosomes Isolated from B16 Melanoma Cells by Using Ultra High Voltage Electron Microscopy

Melanosomes, isolated by centrifugal separation from culture broth of B16 melanoma cells derived from mouse, were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Some interesting structural features were found inside and outside of the melanosomes. By SEM observation, the melanosomes were ellipsoid shape, their surface was not smooth and was covered with rough substructure, 10 to 20 nm particles. By TEM, uneven structure and micro particles were observed in the melanosomes. Furthermore, three-dimensional analysis was tried by using the ultra-high voltage electron microscopy(UHVEM). Micrographs of the melanosomes were taken at various tilted angles by UHVEM, after preparing 500 nm thickness specimens stained with lead citrate. From the micrographs collected, the three-dimensional structures were reconstructed by using i-mode software. Melanin stained by lead and non stained parts was clearly observed in the reconstructed structure. Non stained parts were round, regular size, and distributed widely in the melanosomes.
The genetics of domestication of rice bean, Vigna umbellata

Background and Aims The Asian genus Vigna, to which four cultivated species (rice bean, azuki bean, mung bean and black gram) belong, is suitable for comparative genomics. The aims were to construct a genetic linkage map of rice bean, to identify the genomic regions associated with domestication in rice bean, and to compare these regions with those in azuki bean. Methods A genetic linkage map was constructed by using simple sequence repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism markers in the BC1F1 population derived from a cross between cultivated and wild rice bean. Using this map, 31 domestication-related traits were dissected into quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The genetic linkage map and QTLs of rice bean were compared with those of azuki bean. Key Results A total of 326 markers converged into 11 linkage groups (LGs), corresponding to the haploid number of rice bean chromosomes. The domestication-related traits in rice bean associated with a few major QTLs distributed as clusters on LGs 2, 4 and 7. A high level of co-linearity in marker order between the rice bean and azuki bean linkage maps was observed. Major QTLs in rice bean were found on LG4, whereas major QTLs in azuki bean were found on LG9. Conclusions This is the first report of a genetic linkage map and QTLs for domestication-related traits in rice bean. The inheritance of domestication-related traits was so simple that a few major QTLs explained the phenotypic variation between cultivated and wild rice bean. The high level of genomic synteny between rice bean and azuki bean facilitates QTL comparison between species. These results provide a genetic foundation for improvement of rice bean; interchange of major QTLs between rice bean and azuki bean might be useful for broadening the genetic variation of both species.
Observation of Thermophysical and Tribological Properties of CNT Reinforced Si3N4

Thermophysical and tribological measurements have been performed on carbon nanotube added silicon nitride composites. Higher thermal conductivity values were observed in the case of the sample with CNT than for the reference sample. As was observed from tribological measurements, nanocomposite Si3N4 without carbon nanotubes shows a higher friction coefficient than carbon nanotube - Si3N4. The results of wear study indicate that the Si3N4 ball (used as static partner) was more damaged with MWCNTs addition nanocomposite than with pure Si3N4 ceramic. A pronounced difference was observed in the wear rate: there was a much higher wear for carbon nanotube - Si3N4 than for Si3N4 without MWCNTs.
Keyword Indexing System with HowNet and PageRank

Keyword indexing is widely used in natural language processing. This paper proposed an unsupervised keyword indexing method based PageRank and HowNet. In the method, a free text is firstly represented as a sememe graph with sememes as vertices and relatedness of sememes as weighted edges based on HowNet. Then UW-PageRank is applied on the sememe graph to score the importance of sememes. Score of each definition of one word can be computed from the score of sememes it contains. Then, the highest scored definition is assigned to the word. A sememes graph is built again only with the exact definition of each words, and use UW-PageRank again to score all the sememes and then deduced the importance of the words. Finally, the highest scored words are indexed as keywords. The experiment results prove practical and effective.
On Asymptotic Efficiency for Asynchronous CDMA

We consider asynchronous CDMA systems and analyze their performances in terms of asymptotic efficiency when linear receivers are employed and the system becomes overloaded. We show that in such systems, differently from synchronous systems, linear detectors can be asymptotically efficient and, specifically, that the MMSE detector is asymptotically efficient with probabilty. Simulations confirm that it is better to be asynchronous than synchronous and even under heavy overloading the MMSE receiver is still asymptotically efficient.
A New High-Speed Class-AB Current-Mode Circuit

This paper presents a new class AB circuit for current-mode signal processing. The proposed circuit provides high-dynamic range, low distortion and accurate definition of quiescent current and it is well suited for high-speed applications. A third-order low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 200MHz and 51dB dynamic range is also presented. The filter consumes 2.7mW from 1.8V supply
Optimal Path Planning for Mobile Robot Navigation

Some optimal path planning algorithms for navigating mobile rectangular robot among obstacles and weighted regions are presented. The approach is based on a higher geometry maze routing algorithm. Starting from a top view of a workspace with obstacles, the so-called free workspace is first obtained by virtually expanding the obstacles in the image. After that, an 8-geomerty maze routing algorithm is applied to obtain an optimal collision-free path with linear time and space complexities. The proposed methods cannot only search an optimal path among various terrains but also find an optimal path for the 2-D piano mover's problem with 3 DOF. Furthermore, the algorithm can be easily extended to the dynamic collision avoidance problem among multiple autonomous robots or path planning in the 3-D space.
Multipoint development of the weighted pairwise correlation (WPC) linkage method for pedigrees of arbitrary size and application to the analysis of breast cancer and alcoholism familial data

The weighted pairwise correlation (WPC) method is a simple and powerful model‐free method of linkage analysis that has the advantages of being applicable to binary, ordered categorical, quantitative, or censored traits, and to consider all pairs of relatives in large pedigrees. The originally implemented approach was limited to the use of the identical by state (IBS) information, and we recently extended the WPC method to incorporate the identical by descent (IBD) information for two‐point linkage analysis. Here, we develop a multipoint WPC method suitable for pedigrees of arbitrary size and large number of markers. The multipoint IBD estimation procedure for relative pairs is based on the efficient regression approach developed for pedigrees implemented in SOLAR. A robust and fast Monte‐Carlo procedure is used to determine reliable P values. Application of the method to the 214 pedigrees from the Breast Cancer Linkage Consortium provided for the Genetic Analysis Workshop (GAW) 9 shows that multipoint WPC statistic values were not far from two‐point maximum lod‐score values obtained by the classical parametric linkage method and were higher than multipoint variance component analysis lod‐scores obtained with SOLAR. The multipoint WPC method is also used to analyze the familial Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism data on alcoholism released for GAW11. It allows a better specification of the linkage results previously obtained within the chromosome 4 region. Genet. Epidemiol. 21:40–52, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dapagliflozin Monotherapy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Inadequate Glycemic Control by Diet and Exercise

OBJECTIVE Dapagliflozin, a highly selective inhibitor of the renal sodium-glucose cotransporter-2, increases urinary excretion of glucose and lowers plasma glucose levels in an insulin-independent manner. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a 24-week parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Patients with A1C 7.0–10% (n = 485) were randomly assigned to one of seven arms to receive once-daily placebo or 2.5, 5, or 10 mg dapagliflozin once daily in the morning (main cohort) or evening (exploratory cohort). Patients with A1C 10.1–12% (high-A1C exploratory cohort; n = 73) were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive blinded treatment with a morning dose of 5 or 10 mg/day dapagliflozin. The primary end point was change from baseline in A1C in the main cohort, statistically tested using an ANCOVA. RESULTS In the main cohort, mean A1C changes from baseline at week 24 were −0.23% with placebo and −0.58, −0.77 (P = 0.0005 vs. placebo), and −0.89% (P < 0.0001 vs. placebo) with 2.5, 5, and 10 mg dapagliflozin, respectively. Signs, symptoms, and other reports suggestive of urinary tract infections and genital infection were more frequently noted in the dapagliflozin arms. There were no major episodes of hypoglycemia. Data from exploratory cohorts were consistent with these results. CONCLUSIONS Dapagliflozin lowered hyperglycemia in treatment-naive patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The near absence of hypoglycemia and an insulin-independent mechanism of action make dapagliflozin a unique addition to existing treatment options for type 2 diabetes.
Automata based Access Control Privacy Preserving in DIS

A Distributed Information Brokering System (DIBS) is a peer-to-peer overlay network that comprises various data servers and brokering components helping client queries locate the data servers. Many existing information brokering systems adopt server side access control deployment and honest assumptions on brokers. However, little attention has been drawn on privacy of data and metadata stored and exchanged within DIBS. In this paper, addresses privacy preserving information sharing via on-demand information access with a focus on two attacks: attributecorrelation attack and inference attack. It has been propose a flexible and scalable system using a broker-coordinator overlay network. Through an innovative automaton segmentation scheme, distributed access control enforcement, and query segment encryption, our system integrates security enforcement and query forwarding while preserving systemwide privacy. It presents the automaton segmentation approach, analyze privacy preservation in details, and finally examine the end-to-end performance and scalability through experiments and analysis.
Adaptive Channel Estimation using Cyclic Prefix for Single Carrier Wireless System with FDE

It has been verified recently that single carrier cyclic prefixed (SC-CP) with frequency domain equalizer (FDE) is a promising system for mobile communication and robust channel estimation is needed to build the equalizer's weight. Conventional SC-CP wireless system uses training sequences that put in every packet to get the channel information. This increases the overhead of the system. Here we propose a new channel estimation technique by employing cyclic prefix (CP) to maintain both system performance and throughput for this SC wireless system, with 300 kHz bandwidth and 1.6 Mbps throughput. The CP, which is inserted between blocked data to avoid inter-block interference (IBI), can be viewed as a source of channel information. If we can estimate the transmitted CP by conventional way, we can continue to estimate the channel adaptively. The simulation results show that the proposed channel estimation technique can maintain the system performance and gives 14,9% higher throughput compared with the conventional one when the number of packet is increased.
Structure-preserving sparsification of social networks

Sparsification reduces the size of networks while preserving structural and statistical properties of interest. Various sparsifying algorithms have been proposed in different contexts. We contribute the first systematic conceptual and experimental comparison of edge sparsification methods on a diverse set of network properties. It is shown that they can be understood as methods for rating edges by importance and then filtering globally by these scores. In addition, we propose a new sparsification method (Local Degree) which preserves edges leading to local hub nodes. All methods are evaluated on a set of 100 Facebook social networks with respect to network properties including diameter, connected components, community structure, and multiple node centrality measures. Experiments with our implementations of the sparsification methods (using the open-source network analysis tool suite NetworKit) show that many network properties can be preserved down to about 20% of the original set of edges. Furthermore, the experimental results allow us to differentiate the behavior of different methods and show which method is suitable with respect to which property. Our Local Degree method is fast enough for large-scale networks and performs well across a wider range of properties than previously proposed methods.
De Novo GMP Synthesis Is Required for Axon Guidance in Drosophila

Guanine nucleotides are key players in mediating growth-cone signaling during neural development. The supply of cellular guanine nucleotides in animals can be achieved via the de novo synthesis and salvage pathways. The de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides is required for lymphocyte proliferation in animals. Whether the de novo synthesis pathway is essential for any other cellular processes, however, remains unknown. In a search for genes required for the establishment of neuronal connectivity in the fly visual system, we identify the burgundy (bur) gene as an essential player in photoreceptor axon guidance. The bur gene encodes the only GMP synthetase in Drosophila that catalyzes the final reaction of de novo GMP synthesis. Loss of bur causes severe defects in axonal fasciculation, retinotopy, and growth-cone morphology, but does not affect photoreceptor differentiation or retinal patterning. Similar defects were observed when the raspberry (ras) gene, encoding for inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase catalyzing the IMP-to-XMP conversion in GMP de novo synthesis, was mutated. Our study thus provides the first in vivo evidence to support an essential and specific role for de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides in axon guidance.
Estimating Gaze Depth Using Multi-Layer Perceptron

In this paper we describe a new method for determining gaze depth in a head mounted eye-tracker. Eye-trackers are being incorporated into head mounted displays (HMDs), and eye-gaze is being used for interaction in Virtual and Augmented Reality. For some interaction methods, it is important to accurately measure the x-and y-direction of the eye-gaze and especially the focal depth information. Generally, eye tracking technology has a high accuracy in x-and y-directions, but not in depth. We used a binocular gaze tracker with two eye cameras, and the gaze vector was input to an MLP neural network for training and estimation. For the performance evaluation, data was obtained from 13 people gazing at fixed points at distances from 1m to 5m. The gaze classification into fixed distances produced an average classification error of nearly 10%, and an average error distance of 0.42m. This is sufficient for some Augmented Reality applications, but more research is needed to provide an estimate of a user's gaze moving in continuous space.
Affine Grassmannians and the geometric Satake in mixed characteristic

We endow the set of lattices in Q_p^n with a reasonable algebro-geometric structure. As a result, we prove the representability of affine Grassmannians and establish the geometric Satake correspondence in mixed characteristic. We also give an application of our theory to the study of Rapoport-Zink spaces.
Membrane Invaginations Reveal Cortical Sites that Pull on Mitotic Spindles in One-Cell C. elegans Embryos

Asymmetric positioning of the mitotic spindle in C. elegans embryos is mediated by force-generating complexes that are anchored at the plasma membrane and that pull on microtubules growing out from the spindle poles. Although asymmetric distribution of the force generators is thought to underlie asymmetric positioning of the spindle, the number and location of the force generators has not been well defined. In particular, it has not been possible to visualize individual force generating events at the cortex. We discovered that perturbation of the acto-myosin cortex leads to the formation of long membrane invaginations that are pulled from the plasma membrane toward the spindle poles. Several lines of evidence show that the invaginations, which also occur in unperturbed embryos though at lower frequency, are pulled by the same force generators responsible for spindle positioning. Thus, the invaginations serve as a tool to localize the sites of force generation at the cortex and allow us to estimate a lower limit on the number of cortical force generators within the cell.
A novel conflict detection and resolution strategy based on TLRSP in replicated mobile database systems

Replication is one of the key technologies in promoting the performance of mobile database systems. In this paper, a novel mobile database replication scheme, the transaction-level result-set propagation (TLRSP) model, is put forward. A conflict detection and resolution strategy based on TLRSP is discussed in detail and its implementation algorithm is proposed. In the TLRSP model, mobile users are allowed to access local replicas of the database and to submit local transactions when the system is disconnected. The locally committed transactions are sent to a fixed database server for conflict reconciliation and result-set incorporation when the system is reconnected. The TLRSP model uses the incremental refreshing method to synchronize database replicas and to maintain the consistency of the replicated mobile database system.