Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tithonian–Berriasian ammonites from the Baños del Flaco Formation, central Chile

The Baños del Flaco Formation in central Chile contains abundant and well-preserved Tithonian (Late Jurassic) and scarce Berriasian (Early Cretaceous) ammonites. At Rio Maitenes in Curicó Province an assemblage referred to 10 genera and 12 species is here described. Windhauseniceras internispinosum, Corongoceras alternans and Substeueroceras koeneni were mentioned previously, but not described and discussed. Aulacosphinctes proximus, Micracanthoceras spinulosum and Corongoceras evolutum are new records for the Baños del Flaco Formation. Pseudolissoceras cf. zitteli, Lithacoceras malarguense, Choicensisphinctes windhauseni, Catutosphinctes cf. americanensis, Virgatosphinctes scythicus and Micracanthoceras microcanthum are documented in Chile for the first time. Micracanthoceras spinulosum shows strong ontogenetic changes. Virgatosphinctes scythicus is a morphologically variable species and is synonymous with the South American species Virgatosphinctes andesensis, V. mendozanus, V. mexicanus and V. leñaensis. Windhauseniceras internispinosum is relatively abundant at Rio Maitenes but rare elsewhere; its morphology varies considerably during ontogeny. Virgatosphinctes aff. pseudolictor and V. cf. raja, both recorded from Argentina, and V. guadalupensis, are synonymous with L. malarguense; V. tenuilineatus is synonymous with C. windhauseni and Aulacosphinctes chilensis with A. proximus. Micracanthoceras lamberti and M. tapiai are junior synonymies of M. microcanthum. Windhauseniceras internispinosum and Corongoceras alternans are Tithonian index fossils for Chile and Argentina, whereas Virgatosphinctes scythicus and Micracanthoceras microcanthum are Tithonian index fossils for the Russian platform and Tethys, respectively. Their co-occurrence at Río Maitenes confirms that most of the Baños del Flaco Formation is Tithonian (Upper Jurassic). However, the presence of Substeueroceras koeneni demonstrates that the uppermost strata of the Baños del Flaco Formation should be referred to the Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian).
Functional and molecular adaptations of enteroendocrine L-cells in male obese mice are associated with preservation of pancreatic alpha-cells function and prevention of hyperglycemia

Glucose homeostasis depends on the coordinated secretion of glucagon, insulin and GLP-1 by pancreas and intestine. Obesity which is associated with an increased risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes affects the function of these organs. Here we investigate the functional and molecular adaptations of proglucagon-producing cells in obese mice to better define their involvement in type 2 diabetes development. We used GLU-Venus transgenic male mice specifically expressing Venus fluorochrome in proglucagon-producing cells. Mice were subjected to 16 weeks of low-fat (LFD) or high-fat (HFD) diets, and then subdivided by measuring glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in three groups: LFD mice and I-HFD (glucose-intolerant) mice with similar HbA1c and H-HFD (hyperglycemic) mice which exhibited higher HbA1c. At 16 weeks, both HFD groups exhibited similar weight gain, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. However, I-HFD mice exhibited better glucose tolerance compared to H-HFD mice. I-HFD mice displayed functional and molecular adaptations of enteroendocrine L-cells resulting in increased intestinal GLP-1 biosynthesis and release as well as maintained pancreatic alpha- and beta-cells functions. By contrast, H-HFD mice exhibited dysfunctional L, alpha- and beta-cells with increased beta- and L-cell numbers. Administration of the GLP-1R antagonist Exendin9-39 in I-HFD mice led to hyperglycemia and alterations of glucagon secretion without changes in insulin secretion. Our results highlight the cross-talk between islet and intestine endocrine cells and indicate that a compensatory adaptation of L-cell function in obesity plays an important role in preserving glucose homeostasis through the control of pancreatic alpha-cell functions. GLP-1 release capabilities.
FcgammaRIV is a mouse IgE receptor that resembles macrophage FcepsilonRI in humans and promotes IgE-induced lung inflammation.

IgE-induced Fc γ RIV is a recently identified mouse activating receptor for IgG2a and IgG2b that is expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils; herein it is referred to as mFc γ RIV. Although little is known about mFc γ RIV, it has been proposed to be the mouse homolog of human Fc γ RIIIA (hFc γ RIIIA) because of high sequence homology. Our work, however, has revealed what we believe to be new properties of mFc γ RIV that endow this receptor with a previously unsuspected biological significance; we have shown that it is a low-affinity IgE receptor for all IgE allotypes. Although mFc γ RIV functioned as a high-affinity IgG receptor, mFc γ RIV-bound monomeric IgGs were readily displaced by IgE immune complexes. Engagement of mFc γ RIV by IgE immune complexes induced bronchoalveolar and peritoneal macrophages to secrete cytokines, suggesting that mFc γ RIV may be an equivalent of human Fc ε RI( αγ ), which is expressed by macrophages and neutrophils and especially in atopic individuals, rather than an equivalent of hFc γ RIIIA, which has no affinity for IgE. Using mice lacking 3 Fc γ Rs and 2 Fc ε Rs and expressing mFc γ RIV only, we further demonstrated that mFc γ RIV promotes IgE-induced lung inflammation. These data lead us to propose a mouse model of IgE-induced lung inflammation in which cooperation exists between mast cells and mFc γ RIV-expressing lung cells. We therefore suggest that a similar cooperation may occur between mast cells and hFc ε RI-expressing lung cells in human allergic asthma.
in the

Delta region, northern China. C 1 – C 5 alkyl nitrates showed higher concentration levels in summer than in winter-spring ( p b 0.01), whilst their parent hydrocarbons showedanoppositeseasonal variation pattern.The C 3 – C 5 RONO 2 levelsintheoil ﬁ elds were signi ﬁ cantlyhigher than those in the ambient rural air. Alkyl nitrates showed well-de ﬁ ned diurnal variations, elucidating the effects of in-situ photochemical production and regional transport of aged polluted plumes. Backward trajectory analy- sis and ﬁ re maps revealed the signi ﬁ cant contribution of biomass burning to the observed alkyl nitrates and hydrocarbons. A simpli ﬁ ed sequential reaction model and an observation-based chemical box model were deployed to diagnose the formation mechanisms of C 1 – C 5 RONO 2 . The C 3 – C 5 RONO 2 were mainly produced from the photochemical oxidation of their parent hydrocarbons (i.e., C 3 – C 5 alkanes), whilst C 1 – C 2 RONO 2 com- pounds have additional sources. In addition to parent hydrocarbons, longer alkanes with N 4 carbon atoms were also important precursors of alkyl nitrates in the oil ﬁ elds. This study demonstrates the signi ﬁ cant effects csupportfortheformulationofcontrolstrategiesagainstphotochemicalairpollutionintheYel-low River Delta region.
Estimation of Average Treatment Effects With Misclassification Author

This paper considers identification and estimation of the effect of a mismeasured binary regressor in a nonparametric or semiparametric regression, or the conditional average effect of a binary treatment or policy on some outcome where treatment may be misclassified. Failure to account for misclassification is shown to result in attenuation bias in the estimated treatment effect. An identifying assumption that overcomes this bias is existence of an instrument for the binary regressor that is conditionally independent of the treatment effect. A discrete instrument suffices for nonparametric identification. JEL Codes: C14, C13.
Characterization of Morreton Virus (MORV) as a Novel Oncolytic Virotherapy Platform for Liver Cancers

Morreton virus (MORV) is a novel oncolytic Vesiculovirus, genetically distinct from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). we report that MORV induced potent cytopathic effects in a panel of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. In addition, high intranasal doses of MORV were not associated with significant adverse effects and were well tolerated in mice bearing liver tumor xenografts and syngeneic liver cancers. Furthermore, single intratumoral treatments with MORV (1 x 107 TCID50) triggered a robust antitumor immune response leading to substantial tumor regression and disease control in a syngeneic CCA model, using 10-fold lower dose compared to VSV (1 x 108 TCID50). In addition, MORV and VSV both induced prominent tumor growth delay in immunodeficient mice bearing Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but not in mice bearing HuCCT-1 CCA xenografts. Our findings indicate that wild-type MORV is safe and can induce potent tumor regression in HCC and CCA animal models without adverse events via immune-mediated and immune-independent mechanisms. Further development and clinical translation of MORV as virotherapy for liver cancers are warranted.
Diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorder among children in Norway

Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Oslo University Hospital and OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University She has work experience from kindergartens and schools, educational psychology services, and specialist mental health services for children and adolescents. She has contributed with data collection, interpretation of results, drafting and revision of the manuscript, and has approved the submitted version. Anne Gjertrud Thorstensen, clinical pedagogue, cognitive therapist, and assistant professor. The author has completed the ICMJE form and reports no conflicts of interest.
Supporting Materials and Methods

ESCs (H9 NIH code WA09, ISL1 Ds-Red) were kindly provided by the group of K.R. Chien. They were maintained on irradiated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) at 5% CO2 in Knockout-DMEM (Invitrogen), containing 20% FCS, 1% non-essential amino acids, 1 mM glutamine, 0.1 mM ß-mercaptoethanol and 10 ng/mL FGF2 (Invitrogen). Cultures were passaged 1:6 every 5 days. Neural differentiation was induced by the method of embryoid bodies following the protocol published in [1]. Briefly, 4-days embryoid bodies were transferred to polyornithine-coated dishes and propagated in N2supplemented DMEM/F12 (Invitrogen). Within 10 days, neural differentiation appears as small rosettes, with a columnar shape, which were mechanically isolated. Isolated clusters where propagated for 1 to 7 days as free-floating neurospheres in DMEM/F12 containing 10 ng/mL FGF2 (R&D Systems), dissociated into single cells in trypsin/EDTA and plated on polyornithine/laminin pre-coated plastic dishes. Media was changed to neural stem cell medium containing DMEM/F12, 20 μg/mL insulin (Sigma– Aldrich), 1.6 g/L glucose, 10 ng/mL FGF2 (R&D Systems), 10 ng/mL EGF (R&D Systems), and 1 μl/ml B27 supplement (Invitrogen). Cells were further passaged at very high density one day after reaching confluence.
A Two-week Field Course with Deferred Papers: A Possible Solution to the Problem of Undergraduate Field Work.

Abstract Field work is an important but often neglected facet of a sound undergraduate geography training program. Literature, both geographic and nongeographic, offers very few practical suggestions or realistic approaches that can be utilized in some way by geography departments organizing undergraduate field programs. This article eliminates a hiatus in the literature for it analyzes field work, explores proven methods of undergraduate field training, and describes the importance of the selection of a study area and field camp site. It stresses the value of careful organization, and problems of topic selection and field data generation, and provides a detailed model, a proven schedule, concomitantly with a sound approach to field work. The two-week field course with deferred papers is an immediate, realistic, and inexpensive solution to the problem of undergraduate field work.
A constitutive model for the stress–strain–time behaviour of ‘wet’ clays

A constitutive model is developed to describe the stress–strain–time behaviour of ‘wet’ clays subjected to three-dimensional states of stress and strain. The model is based on Bjerrum's concept of total strain decomposition into an immediate (time-independent) part and a delayed (time-dependent) part generalized to three-dimensional situations. The classical theory of plasticity is employed to characterize the time-independent stress–strain behaviour of cohesive soils using the ellipsoidal yield surface of the modified Cam Clay model presented by Roscoe and Burland. The time-independent strain is divided into an elastic part and a plastic part. The plastic part is evaluated using the normality condition and the consistency requirement on the yield surface. The time-dependent (creep) component of the total strain is evaluated by employing the normality rule on the same yield surface as in the time-independent model and the consistency requirement which requires that the creep strain rate reduces to phenome.
Title: Proteomics derived biomarker panel improves diagnostic precision to classify endometrioid and high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma

Purpose: Ovarian carcinomas are a group of distinct diseases classified by histotypes. As histotype-specific treatment evolves, accurate classification will become critical for optimal precision medicine approaches. Experimental Design: To uncover differences between the two most common histotypes -high-grade serous (HGSC) and endometrioid carcinoma (EC) - we performed label-free quantitative proteomics on freshly frozen tumour tissues (HGSC, n =10; EC, n =10). Eight candidate protein biomarkers specific to EC were validated by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays representing 361 cases of either EC or HGSC. Results: Over 500 proteins were differentially expressed (p<0.05) between EC and HGSC tumour proteomes. A ranked set of 106 proteins were sufficient to correctly discriminate 90% of samples. Immunohistochemistry validated KIAA1324 as the most discriminatory novel biomarker for EC. An 8-marker panel was found to exhibit superior performance for discriminating EC from HGSC compared to the current standard of WT1 plus TP53 alone, improving the classification rate for HGSC from 90.7% to 99.2%. EC specific diagnostic markers such as PLCB1, KIAA1324, and SCGB2A1 were also significantly associated with favorable prognosis within EC suggesting biological heterogeneity within this histotype. Pathway analysis of proteomic data revealed differences between EC and HGSC pertaining to estrogen and interferon signalling. Conclusions: In summary, these findings support the use of multi-marker panels for the differential diagnosis of difficult cases resembling EC and HGSC. classified cohort of EC and HGSC samples. This pipeline revealed eight biomarkers that can be used to increase the accuracy of current diagnostic methods.
TWEAK Inhibits TRAF2-Mediated CD40 Signaling by Destabilization of CD40 Signaling Complexes

We found recently that TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and fibroblast growth factor–inducible-14 (Fn14) by virtue of their strong capability to reduce the freely available cytoplasmic pool of TNFR-associated factor (TRAF)2 and cellular inhibitors of apoptosis (cIAPs) antagonize the functions of these molecules in TNFR1 signaling, resulting in sensitization for apoptosis and inhibition of classical NF-κB signaling. In this study, we demonstrate that priming of cells with TWEAK also interferes with activation of the classical NF-κB pathway by CD40. Likewise, there was strong inhibition of CD40 ligand (CD40L)–induced activation of MAPKs in TWEAK-primed cells. FACS analysis and CD40L binding studies revealed unchanged CD40 expression and normal CD40L–CD40 interaction in TWEAK-primed cells. CD40L immunoprecipitates, however, showed severely reduced amounts of CD40 and CD40-associated proteins, indicating impaired formation or reduced stability of CD40L–CD40 signaling complexes. The previously described inhibitory effect of TWEAK on TNFR1 signaling has been traced back to reduced activity of the TNFR1-associated TRAF2–cIAP1/2 ubiquitinase complex and did not affect the stability of the immunoprecipitable TNFR1 receptor complex. Thus, the inhibitory effect of TWEAK on CD40 signaling must be based at least partly on other mechanisms. In line with this, signaling by the CD40-related TRAF2-interacting receptor TNFR2 was also attenuated but still immunoprecipitable in TWEAK-primed cells. Collectively, we show that Fn14 activation by soluble TWEAK impairs CD40L–CD40 signaling complex formation and inhibits CD40 signaling and thus identify the Fn14-TWEAK system as a potential novel regulator of CD40-related cellular functions.
A numerical model of heat and water movement in furrow‐sown water repellent sandy soils

Water repellent soils have thin layers of hydrophobic organic matter on the surfaces of soil particles. The hydrophobic organic matter makes these soils difficult to wet in opening rains after dry periods. This can cause losses of crop and pasture production and encourage land degradation by wind and water erosion. Wetting patterns in water repellent soils are irregular and incomplete, and no successful model of heat and water movement in water repellent soils has been reported. Furrow sowing improves crop production on water repellent sandy soils. Seeding machinery forms ridges and furrows. Rain is easily shed from dry ridges and runoff accumulates in the furrow (water harvesting). Ponded water infiltrates easily into the soil around the seed. The water movement in furrow-sawn water repellent sandy soils is more regular. This regularity makes it possible to develop a model. A numerical model of heat and water movement in furrow-sown water repellent sand was developed and validated to help optimize the design of furrow sowing. The model used aerodynamic resistance, soil surface moisture and temperature, and surface evaporative resistance to estimate evaporation from each surface element. Wind speed and radiation was varied by calculation, according to the direction of the Sun or wind to the ridge direction and height. Movement of water and heat in the soil was determined by the initial conditions, boundary conditions, and coupled functions for heat and water movement, as used in many other models. Water repellency effects on drying were included by including the appropriate moisture and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity characteristics. Application of the finite element method to a two-dimensional cross section of a ridge and furrow system allows water to be excluded from a soil region beneath a ridge. Field experiments were used to estimate surface evaporative resistance characteristics and to validate the model. The model has been successfully used to suggest optimized designs for ridge and furrow systems to minimize high soil temperatures and evaporation in Western Australia.
SSRNet: Scalable 3D Surface Reconstruction Network

Learning-based surface reconstruction methods have received considerable attention in recent years due to their excellent expressiveness. However, existing learning-based methods lack scalability in processing large-scale point clouds. This paper proposes a novel scalable learning-based 3D surface reconstruction method based on octree, called SSRNet. SSRNet works in a scalable reconstruction pipeline, which divides oriented point clouds into different local parts and then processes them in parallel. Accommodating this scalable design pattern, SSRNet constructs local geometric features for octree vertices. Such features comprise the relation between the vertices and the implicit surface, ensuring geometric perception. Focusing on local geometric information also enables the network to avoid the overfitting problem and generalize well on different datasets. Finally, as a learning-based method, SSRNet can process large-scale point clouds in a short time. And to further solve the efficiency problem, we provide a lightweight and efficient version that is about five times faster while maintaining reconstruction performance. Experiments show that our methods achieve state-of-the-art performance with outstanding efficiency.
COVID-19 Lessons Learned, Lessons Unlearned, Lessons for the Future

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected clinicians in many different ways. Clinicians have their own experiences and lessons that they have learned from their work in the pandemic. This article outlines a few lessons learned from the eyes of CHEST Critical Care Editorial Board members, namely practices which will be abandoned, novel practices to be adopted moving forward, and proposed changes to the health care system in general. In an attempt to start the discussion of how health care can grow from the pandemic, the editorial board members outline their thoughts on these lessons learned.
Comorbidities and Assessment of Severity of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Proceedings From the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference

Objectives: To determine the impact of patient-specific and disease-related characteristics on the severity of illness and on outcome in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome with the intent of guiding current medical practice and identifying important ments holds the most promise for improved risk stratification for pediatric respiratory distress syndrome patients in the very near future. The next phases of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome pathophysiology and outcomes research will be enhanced if 1) age group differences are examined, 2) standardized datasets with adequately explicit definitions are used, 3) data are obtained at standardized times after pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome onset, and 4) nonpulmonary organ failure scores are created and implemented. ( Pediatr Crit Care Med 2015; 16:S41–S50)
Following a gentleman's expedition: Odobescu and the crypts from northern Buzău

Subsequent to the period in which he became interested in the Buzău district and a short time after receiving the first answers to his archaeological questionnaire, Romanian writer and archaeologist Alexandru Odobescu made a remarkable discovery. The information he gathered led to the identification of a remote area in northern Buzău, Romania, marked by the existence of a large number of mysterious caves, tombs, and rooms carved in stone. He referred to them as crypts, and carefully planned an expedition in the Alunişu – Nuc area. Although Odobescu, helped by the Swiss painter Henri Trenk, conducted field research in 1871, he never published his findings or drew conclusions regarding the origin of the crypts, thus his manuscripts remained forgotten in the Romanian Academy archives. This paper aims to rediscover a part of Odobescu's unfinished research through the creation of a map which helps us understand the geographical space within which he made his discoveries at the end of the nineteenth century.