Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Violent Offenders be Distinguished from Frequent Offenders: Prediction from Childhood to Adolescence

It was predicted that violent offending at adolescence is part of a general pattern of high-rate antisocial behavior that emerges in childhood. Family characteristics, including family management practices and childhood behavior, were compared for violent adolescent arrestees and nonviolent adolescent arrestees who were matched for arrest frequency. Further, regression analyses were conducted using self-report of violent offending. Also predicted was that multiple arrestees with no arrests for violence would self-report as much violence as multiple arrestees with arrests for violence. Hypotheses were tested on an at-risk sample of males in the Oregon Youth Study (OYS), a multimethod, multiagent longitudinal study. The findings generally supported the contention that violent offenders show the same background as frequent but nonviolent offenders.
Relational and Overt Forms of Peer Victimization and Loneliness in Young Children

本研究の目的は，仲間による攻撃被害のタイプによって孤独感に違いが見られるか（研究1），また，攻撃被害のタイプによって被害者の仲間との相互作用の質にどのような違いが見られるのかについて明らかにすることである（研究2）．研究1では，5歳児126名の孤独感得点及び攻撃による被害得点を測定した．クラスター分析の結果，関係性攻撃被害得点及び外顕的攻撃被害得点の高低に特徴づけられる4つのクラスター（外顕高群，関係高群，両高群，両低群）を採用した．4つの群の孤独感得点に違いが見られるのかについて検討した結果，両高群と関係高群が外顕高群や両低群と比較して孤独感が高いことが示された．また，研究2では，4つの群で仲間との相互作用にどのような違いが見られるかについて検討した．BORと呼ばれる行動観察記録法を用いて観察記録を分析した結果，関係高群は仲間との相互作用において不自然な応答が多いことが示された．
Distributed Out‐of‐Core Stochastic Progressive Photon Mapping

At present, stochastic progressive photon mapping (SPPM) is one of the most comprehensive methods for a consistent global illumination computation. Even though the number of photons is unlimited due to their progressive nature, the scene size is still bound by the available main memory. In this paper, we present the first consistent out‐of‐core SPPM algorithm. In order to cope with large scenes, we automatically subdivide the geometry and parallelly trace photons and eye rays in a portal‐based system, distributed across multiple machines in a commodity cluster. Moreover, modifications of the original SPPM method are introduced that keep both the utilization of tracer machines high and the network traffic low. Therefore, compared to a portal‐based single machine setup, our distributed approach achieves a significant speedup. We compare a GPU‐based with a CPU‐based implementation and demonstrate our system in multiple large test scenes of up to 90 million triangles.
A right coronary artery fistula communicating with a large right atrial pseudoaneurysm.

A 63-year-old man was referred to elective coronary catheterization for recurrent episodes of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. He had a history of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and implantable cardioverter defibrillator with a passive fixation right atrial lead. On coronary angiogram the graft to the right coronary artery (RCA) was totally occluded. An unusual filling mass was noticed while injecting the native RCA, which was totally occluded proximally. The mass had a pocket like appearance and very slow clearance …
A New Climate for Society

This article argues that climate change produces discordances in established ways of understanding the human place in nature, and so offers unique challenges and opportunities for the interpretive social sciences. Scientific assessments such as those of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change helped establish climate change as a global phenomenon, but in the process they detached knowledge from meaning. Climate facts arise from impersonal observation whereas meanings emerge from embedded experience. Climate science thus cuts against the grain of common sense and undermines existing social institutions and ethical commitments at four levels: communal, political, spatial and temporal. The article explores the tensions that arise when the impersonal, apolitical and universal imaginary of climate change projected by science comes into conflict with the subjective, situated and normative imaginations of human actors engaging with nature. It points to current environmental debates in which a reintegration of scientific representations of the climate with social responses to those representations is taking place. It suggests how the interpretive social sciences can foster a more complex understanding of humanity’s climate predicament. An important aim of this analysis is to offer a framework in which to think about the human and the social in a climate that seems to render obsolete important prior categories of solidarity and experience.
Motor Versus Verbal Recall of Ballet Sequences by Young Expert Dancers

Two experiments investigated the role of motor performance, and the role of music in the retention and recall of ballet sequences by young expert dancers. Experiment 1 examined 11-year-old expert (N=8) and novice (N=8) dancers, to determine the influence of motor performance in the recall of ballet steps. Subjects were presented with two conditions, either structured choreographed or unstructured sequences. All sequences consisted of eight steps or elements. Subjects recalled both types of sequences motorically by simply performing the steps. Verbal recall was also assessed for structured sequences. Results from analyses of variance indicated main effects of skill, recall condition, and serial position across elements. Experts recalled more than novices, structured sequences were recalled better than nonstructured, and the last sequence element was recalled less. An interaction of Skill X Recall Condition x Serial Position revealed that although experts and novices performed the same on unstructured trial.
Fault detection using hints from the socket layer

Describes a fault detection mechanism that uses the error codes returned by stream sockets to locate process failures. Since these errors are generated automatically when there is communication with a failed process, the mechanism does not incur in any failure-free overheads. However, for some types of faults, detection can only be attained if the surviving processes use certain communication operations. To assess the coverage and latency of the proposed mechanism, faults were injected during the execution of parallel applications. Our results show that in most cases, faults could be found using only the errors from the socket layer. Depending on the type of fault that was injected, detection occurred in an interval ranging from a few milliseconds to less than nine minutes.
Enhanced (cytomegalovirus) viral replication associated with septic bacterial complications in liver transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND Complications of the biliary anastomosis are the principal cause of clinically serious bacterial sepsis in liver transplant recipients. Reported series suggest an association of bacterial and fungal infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, although the mechanism of this association is unclear. METHODS We examined the association of serious bacterial sepsis with CMV replication in a cohort of 106 consecutive liver transplant recipients. Sequentially collected buffy coats were examined with a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay that has been shown to have good predictive value for the development of CMV infection. For selected patients, CMV-specific IgM response and serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were also measured. RESULTS Ten of 13 patients with serious bacterial sepsis developed buffy coat PCR positivity, compared with 26 of 93 patients without bacterial sepsis (chi-square, P<0.001). Ten of 10 septic recipients with a seropositive liver donor developed PCR positivity. For 9 of 10 recipients, bacterial sepsis developed before PCR positivity. Bacterial sepsis was associated with high serum levels of TNF-alpha. Immune response to CMV (reflected by the appearance CMV-specific IgM) was apparently affected by bacterial sepsis, and IgM response was not observed for the three septic patients who died during the study period. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that CMV replication is encouraged by serious bacterial sepsis. Replication may be promoted by high antecedent levels of TNF-alpha, and/or by poor immune response to CMV in the context of serious bacterial infection.
Preparing Culturally Responsive Teachers

To successfully move the field of teacher education beyond the fragmented and superficial treatment of diversity that currently prevails, teacher educators must articulate a vision of teaching and learning in a diverse society and use that vision to systematically guide the infusion of multicultural issues throughout the preservice curriculum. A vision is offered of culturally responsive teachers that can serve as the starting point for conversations among teacher educators in this process. In this vision, culturally responsive teachers (a) are socioculturally conscious, (b) have affirming views of students from diverse backgrounds, (c) see themselves as responsible for and capable of bringing about change to make schools more equitable, (d) understand how learners construct knowledge and are capable of promoting knowledge construction, (e) know about the lives of their students, and (f) design instruction that builds on what their students already know while stretching them beyond the familiar.
Topography and extent of pulmonary vagus nerve supply with respect to transthoracic oesophagectomy

Pulmonary complications are frequently observed after transthoracic oesophagectomy. These complications may be reduced by sparing the vagus nerve branches to the lung. However, current descriptions of the regional anatomy are insufficient. Therefore, we aimed to provide a highly detailed description of the course of the pulmonary vagus nerve branches. In six fixed adult human cadavers, bilateral microscopic dissection of the vagus nerve branches to the lungs was performed. The level of branching and the number, calibre and distribution of nerve branches were described. Nerve fibres were identified using neurofilament immunohistochemistry, and the nerve calibre was measured using computerized image analysis. Both lungs were supplied by a predominant posterior and a smaller anterior nerve plexus. The right lung was supplied by 13 (10–18) posterior and 3 (2–3) anterior branches containing 77% (62–100%) and 23% (0–38%) of the lung nerve supply, respectively. The left lung was supplied by a median of 12 (8–13) posterior and 3 (2–4) anterior branches containing 74% (60–84%) and 26% (16–40%) of the left lung nerve supply, respectively. During transthoracic oesophagectomy with en bloc lymphadenectomy and transection of the vagus nerves at the level of the azygos vein, 68–100% of the right lung nerve supply and 86–100% of the inferior left lung lobe nerve supply were severed. When vagotomy was performed distally to the last large pulmonary branch, 0–8% and 0–13% of the nerve branches to the right middle/inferior lobes and left inferior lobe, respectively, were lost. In conclusion, this study provides a detailed description of the extensive pulmonary nerve supply provided by the vagus nerves. During oesophagectomy, extensive mediastinal lymphadenectomy denervates the lung to a great extent; however, this can be prevented by performing the vagotomy distal to the caudalmost large pulmonary branch. Further research is required to determine the feasibility of sparing the pulmonary vagus nerve branches without compromising the completeness of lymphadenectomy.
Cultural, racial and ethnic competence and psychiatric diagnosis

The authors review the call for cultural competence in psychiatric diagnosis and highlight the barrier of ‘monocultural ethnocentrism’ ‐ the tendency to presume that European‐American standards fit all cultural, racial and ethnic groups. They suggest that clinicians should: familiarise themselves with the history of racism in psychiatry; avoid stereotyping; appreciate the diversity within cultural, racial and ethnic groups; understand that individuals from various cultural, racial and ethnic groups may have had more traumatic experiences; and understand that individuals from the US and UK may have experiences with racism, some of which may cause mental illness. Finally the authors suggest strategies to increase cultural competence.
OrthoList: A Compendium of C. elegans Genes with Human Orthologs

Background C. elegans is an important model for genetic studies relevant to human biology and disease. We sought to assess the orthology between C. elegans and human genes to understand better the relationship between their genomes and to generate a compelling list of candidates to streamline RNAi-based screens in this model. Results We performed a meta-analysis of results from four orthology prediction programs and generated a compendium, “OrthoList”, containing 7,663 C. elegans protein-coding genes. Various assessments indicate that OrthoList has extensive coverage with low false-positive and false-negative rates. Part of this evaluation examined the conservation of components of the receptor tyrosine kinase, Notch, Wnt, TGF-ß and insulin signaling pathways, and led us to update compendia of conserved C. elegans kinases, nuclear hormone receptors, F-box proteins, and transcription factors. Comparison with two published genome-wide RNAi screens indicated that virtually all of the conserved hits would have been obtained had just the OrthoList set (∼38% of the genome) been targeted. We compiled Ortholist by InterPro domains and Gene Ontology annotation, making it easy to identify C. elegans orthologs of human disease genes for potential functional analysis. Conclusions We anticipate that OrthoList will be of considerable utility to C. elegans researchers for streamlining RNAi screens, by focusing on genes with apparent human orthologs, thus reducing screening effort by ∼60%. Moreover, we find that OrthoList provides a useful basis for annotating orthology and reveals more C. elegans orthologs of human genes in various functional groups, such as transcription factors, than previously described.
The Theoretical Landscape and the Methodological Development of Archaeology in Latin America

Latin American archaeology has been influenced by the world theoretical context, from which it has developed original approaches. Currently, a culture-history conceptual foundation still predominates in the region, with some modern variants that have emphasized environmental aspects and approached specific problems. Processual archaeology, especially the North American varieties, remains minor in the region despite many Latin American archaeologists' belief that their work falls within this camp. Post-processual trends are even less well represented, although a growing number of researchers focus in an eclectic fashion on subject matter that corresponds to the post-processual agenda (e.g., identity, multivocality, etc.). Researchers in certain areas within the region are producing original research linked to political economy and its relation to ideology, and others are focusing on symbolic and cognitive aspects (in some cases within a structuralist framework). In Latin America several interesting methodological developments are emerging, among which ethnoarchaeology and vertebrate taphonomy stand out. In recent years historical archaeology has been one of the disciplines that has grown the most and achieved the greatest popularity. Despite the still-limited nature of Latin American archaeology's contributions in the field of theory and methodology, there is nonetheless sustained growth in this direction, fundamentally in the generation of models for the interpretation of regional processes. However, these contributions are not visible at the level of international debate and are generally ignored by archaeologists from the central countries. The multiple causes of this phenomenon are analyzed.
An Analysis of the Educational Narratives of Reentry Black Women

The purpose of the study was to examine the educational narratives of reentry Black women in an effort to determine how the dynamics of the larger society, which often negatively impact their lives, are played out in higher education. The adult education literature portrays reentry women as a generic class and does not consider the actual cultural diversity of the group. The sample consisted of graduate and undergraduate Black women, including the author, between the ages of thirty-four and fifty-four. Narrative analysis was the methodological approach used and Black feminist thought provided the theoretical framework. Findings revealed that these Black women regularly faced issues involving power relations based on race, gender, class, and color. In responding to these systems of oppression, these women used strategies of silence, negotiation, and resistance.
Use of Cognitive Organisers as a Self Regulated Learning Strategy.

This research investigates the use of cognitive organisers as a self-regulated learning strategy by gifted and talented science students in a Year 9 class at a metropolitan high school in Perth, Western Australia. The case study research design incorporates three primary methods of data collection including participant observation in classrooms, surveys of student learning approaches and two cycles of in-depth student interviews. Findings indicate the students' use of cognitive organisers to complete an academic task is dependent on the nature of the task and prior exposure to cognitive organisers aligned with the task rather than the students' learning approach. The immediate significance of this research is that it provides a model of factors that facilitate or hinder autonomous student use of cognitive organisers. Recommendations for classroom implementation of cognitive organisers are included.
A single‐institution Wilms' tumor and localized neuroblastoma series

Since January 1980, 120 children affected by Wilms' tumor have been treated at Bambino Gesù, mostly with multimodality treatment according to Société Internationale d'Oncologie Pediatrique (SIOP) protocols, including chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy in selected cases. This treatment approach emphasizes the role of preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy as opposed to the approach favored by the National Wilms' Tumor Study, which is focused on optimizing postoperative chemotherapy after primary surgery. Thus, using SIOP guidelines, staging occurs at the time of surgery, after chemotherapy administration. These differences will constitute the baseline for a comparison between the two experiences. Bilaterality, nephroblastomatosis, partial nephrectomy in unilateral Wilms' tumor and thrombosis of the vena cava are the main topics discussed. For the present study, the analysis was restricted to 98 consecutive cases diagnosed until December 1999, for whom at least 24 mo of follow‐up is available. The more recent experience of treating resectable neuroblastoma in cooperative studies dates back to 1979, when the first Italian Cooperative Group Neuroblastoma protocol was introduced. This experience was continued within the frame of the first Localized Neuroblastoma European Study Group protocol (LNESG 94), and will be compared to North American Cooperative Group approaches and outcomes. Preoperative evaluation of surgical risk factors, intraoperative complications and their management, and long‐term outcome will be discussed.
The case against distributed representations: Lack of evidence

We focus on two components of Page's argument in favour of localist representations in connectionist networks: First, we take issue with the claim that localist representations can give rise to generalisation and show that whenever generalisation occurs, distributed representations are involved. Second, we counter the alleged shortcomings of distributed representations and show that their properties are preferable to those of localist approaches.
Burkholderia cenocepacia and Burkholderia multivorans: influence on survival in cystic fibrosis

Introduction:Burkholderia cepacia infection has been associated with a poor prognosis for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). It is now recognised that organisms classified as B cepacia comprise a number of distinct genomic species each known as a genomovar of the B cepacia complex (BCC). The outcome of infection for CF patients with individual genomovars is unknown. The clinical outcome of infection with the two most commonly isolated genomovars (B cenocepacia and B multivorans) was studied at a specialist CF centre between 1982 and 2003. Methods: The numbers of patients who progressed from initial to chronic infection were assessed. Control groups were created by matching patients with chronic BCC infection by percentage forced expiratory volume in 1 second with patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Outcome measures were survival time, deaths from “cepacia syndrome”, rate of decline in spirometry and body mass index (BMI), and treatment requirements. Results: Forty nine patients had an initial infection with either B multivorans (n = 16) or B cenocepacia (n = 33); 8/16 and 31/33, respectively, developed chronic infection (p<0.001). Deaths from “cepacia syndrome” occurred in both BCC groups. Patients with B cenocepacia infection had a shorter survival than patients with P aeruginosa infection (p = 0.01). There was no difference in survival between CF patients infected with B multivorans and P aeruginosa. There were no observed differences in changes in spirometry and BMI or treatment requirements between the BCC groups and respective controls. Conclusion: In CF, the genomovar status of BCC may influence both the likelihood of progression from initial to chronic infection and the overall survival of the patients.
Analyses of Spatial Distributions of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria and Their Activity in Aerobic Wastewater Biofilms

ABSTRACT The vertical distribution of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in aerobic wastewater biofilms grown on rotating disk reactors was investigated by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. To correlate the vertical distribution of SRB populations with their activity, the microprofiles of O2, H2S, NO2−, NO3−, NH4+, and pH were measured with microelectrodes. In addition, a cross-evaluation of the FISH and microelectrode analyses was performed by comparing them with culture-based approaches and biogeochemical measurements. In situ hybridization revealed that a relatively high abundance of the probe SRB385-stained cells (approximately 109 to 1010cells per cm3 of biofilm) were evenly distributed throughout the biofilm, even in the oxic surface. The probe SRB660-stained Desulfobulbus spp. were found to be numerically important members of SRB populations (approximately 108 to 109 cells per cm3). The result of microelectrode measurements showed that a high sulfate-reducing activity was found in a narrow anaerobic zone located about 150 to 300 μm below the biofilm surface and above which an intensive sulfide oxidation zone was found. The biogeochemical measurements showed that elemental sulfur (S0) was an important intermediate of the sulfide reoxidation in such thin wastewater biofilms (approximately 1,500 μm), which accounted for about 75% of the total S pool in the biofilm. The contribution of an internal Fe-sulfur cycle to the overall sulfur cycle in aerobic wastewater biofilms was insignificant (less than 1%) due to the relatively high sulfate reduction rate.