Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Predictive Multi-Marker Test for the Pre-Surgical Identification of Ovarian Cancer

Simple Summary Ovarian cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies for women, with a complex presentation and, typically, a late-stage diagnosis. Many common benign gynecological diseases can present with similar symptoms to malignancy, and exploratory surgery is required before a conclusive diagnosis can be made. We have developed a new biomarker panel to assist in pre-surgical diagnosis and improve the clinical decision-making process. In a retrospectively collected cohort of 334 women, a multi-biomarker panel measured in plasma correctly identified malignant from benign samples with 95% sensitivity/specificity and out-performed current clinical methods. This new panel may provide a useful clinical adjunct to improve clinical workflows for patients with suspected ovarian malignancy. Abstract Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal of gynecological malignancies, with the 5-year survival below 50%. Currently there is no simple and effective pre-surgical diagnosis or triage for patients with malignancy, particularly those with early-stage or low-volume tumors. Recently we discovered that CXCL10 can be processed to an inactive form in ovarian cancers and that its measurement has diagnostic significance. In this study we evaluated the addition of processed CXCL10 to a biomarker panel for the discrimination of benign from malignant disease. Multiple biomarkers were measured in retrospectively collected plasma samples (n = 334) from patients diagnosed with benign or malignant disease, and a classifier model was developed using CA125, HE4, Il6 and CXCL10 (active and total). The model provided 95% sensitivity/95% specificity for discrimination of benign from malignant disease. Positive predictive performance exceeded that of “gold standard” scoring systems including CA125, RMI and ROMA% and was independent of menopausal status. In addition, 80% of stage I-II cancers in the cohort were correctly identified using the multi-marker scoring system. Our data suggest the multi-marker panel and associated scoring algorithm provides a useful measurement to assist in pre-surgical diagnosis and triage of patients with suspected ovarian cancer.
Salt sheet extrusion and emplacement within the South-Central Pyrenean fold-and-thrust belt: the Les Avellanes Diapir case-of-study

ABSTRACT A detailed geological map of the Les Avellanes salt Diapir (South-Central Pyrenees, Spain) that includes both the diapir body and adjacent areas is presented to understand the diapir evolution and geometry. Structural, stratigraphical, and sedimentary data north and south of the diapir is used to infer the timing of its emplacement. The northern diapir boundary is characterized by a set of extensional faults oblique to the main Pyrenean trend, while the southern boundary is an extrusive salt sheet that overlays the late Eocene-early Oligocene sequence in three adjacent sub-basins. Salt extrusion occurred due to synorogenic folding. The topography created as salt extruded trapped the arrival of external sediments from the north, blocking the transport pathways southward. Low sedimentation rates southwards allowed for the lateral salt extrusion, advancing southwards from the feeder. The salt sheet emplacement was postdated by Oligocene conglomerates, indicating that the salt extrusion was a relatively quick event.
Spherical Self-calibration of Cameras Characterized by Varying Intrinsic Parameters

In this paper, we present a method of self-calibration of a CCD camera with varying intrinsic parameters by an unknown three-dimensional scene. The advantage of this method lies in the fact that the estimate of the intrinsic camera parameters is performed by using two points in the three-dimensional scene and only two images, in addition, this method does not require constraints on the scene or on the cameras which shows that our approach minimizes the constraints on the self-calibration system. We show that the non-linear cost function is based on the relationship between the projections of two points of the scene in the two images used and the images of the absolute conic. The intrinsic parameters of camera can be obtained by minimizing a non-linear cost function that is based on two steps: initialization and optimization of the cost function. The theoretical analysis and the experimentations on synthetic and real data show that this method of self-calibration is robust in terms of stability and convergence.
New Constraints on Recent Large Earthquakes along the Xidatan- Dongdatan Segment of the Kunlun Fault, Western China

Field investigation and paleoseismic study constrain the offset and timing of recent large earthquakes on the Xidatan–Dongdatan segment of the strike-slip Kunlun fault, northern Tibet. Displaced terrace risers and gullies preserved on the lowest and youngest terrace in the central part of the Xidatan–Dongdatan valley indicate that the offset produced by the most recent earthquake is 3–6 m, which is much smaller than what has been previously estimated; however, it is consistent with the slip of historical earthquakes along the Kunlun fault and recent well-recorded large earthquakes on other strike-slip faults. Accumulated offsets on higher terraces indicate repeated seismic activity of the Kunlun fault. We assume a 150 ± 20-km- long surface rupture for the most recent event based on roughly continuous linear features on remote-sensing images and distinct mole tracks in the field. The lack of seismicity records in the region earlier than 100 years ago led us to carry out paleoseismic investigation. Samples collected from the faulted upper layer show that the most recent large event on the Xidatan–Dongdatan segment is not older than 663 yr b.p. At least three prehistoric events are identified on the trench wall. Due to a lower constraint on the offset produced by the most recent earthquake, it would be necessary to reevaluate the seismic behavior of the Xidatan–Dongdatan segment.
Machine learning algorithms improve MODIS GPP estimates in United States croplands

Introduction: Machine learning methods combined with satellite imagery have the potential to improve estimates of carbon uptake of terrestrial ecosystems, including croplands. Studying carbon uptake patterns across the U.S. using research networks, like the Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network, can allow for the study of broader trends in crop productivity and sustainability.Methods: In this study, gross primary productivity (GPP) estimates from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for three LTAR cropland sites were integrated for use in a machine learning modeling effort. They are Kellogg Biological Station (KBS, 2 towers and 20 site-years), Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB - Rosemount, 1 tower and 12 site-years), and Platte River High Plains Aquifer (PRHPA, 3 towers and 52 site-years). All sites were planted to maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.). The MODIS GPP product was initially compared to in-situ measurements from Eddy Covariance (EC) instruments at each site and then to all sites combined. Next, machine learning algorithms were used to create refined GPP estimates using air temperature, precipitation, crop type (maize or soybean), agroecosystem, and the MODIS GPP product as inputs. The AutoML program in the h2o package tested a variety of individual and combined algorithms, including Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting Models (XGBoost), and Stacked Ensemble.Results and discussion: The coefficient of determination (r2) of the raw comparison (MODIS GPP to EC GPP) was 0.38, prior to machine learning model incorporation. The optimal model for simulating GPP across all sites was a Stacked Ensemble type with a validated r2 value of 0.87, RMSE of 2.62 units, and MAE of 1.59. The machine learning methodology was able to successfully simulate GPP across three agroecosystems and two crops.
Global Sea Level Change Rate, Acceleration and Its Components from 1993 to 2016

Abstract Investigating the global sea level budget is essential to quantify the total sea level change (altimetry) and its components, including the steric sea level change and the ocean mass change (gravity), where the latter is mainly attributed to four mass-driven components (Greenland, Antarctica, glaciers and land water storage). In this study, a 24-year global ocean mass change is derived by the joint use of Tongji-LEO2021 and Tongji-Grace2018 monthly gravity field models over 1993–2016, with which the sea level budgets in terms of rate and acceleration are investigated over global oceans within the latitudes 66oN to 66oS together with the IGG-SLR-HYBRID gravity field models, altimetry, steric and four mass-driven components. The statistical results show that the global mean ocean mass change rate accounts for ∼54% of 2.85 ± 0.30 mm/year of global mean total sea level change. The accelerations of global mean total sea level change and its components are 0.145 ± 0.025 mm/year2 (altimetry), 0.003 ± 0.021 mm/year2 (steric), 0.139 ± 0.047 mm/year2 (ocean mass from Tongji), and 0.137 ± 0.010 mm/year2 (the sum of mass-driven components) respectively, indicating that the global sea level budget in terms of acceleration can be closed and nearly no acceleration exists in the global mean steric sea level change for the period 1993–2016.
Temporal Variations in U-series Disequilibria in an Active Caldera, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea

Intra-caldera eruptions have been speculated to sample the last batches of magma remaining from earlier caldera-forming eruptions. Rabaul Caldera, New Britain, Papua New Guinea has erupted several times since the last caldera-forming eruption in AD 640, with the most recent intra-caldera eruptions in 1878, 1937^1941 and 1994^ present from the Tavurvur and Vulcan vents. U-series isotopes, in conjunction with Sr/Sr and Nd/Nd, were analyzed on 16 samples collected from 1994 to 2001 to monitor short-term changes in magma composition to model magmatic processes and to test whether there is evidence of recent fresh magma input. Inflections on MgO diagrams imply that fractional crystallization is an important process in long-term magma evolution, and the homogeneity in Sr/Sr and Nd/Nd shows that assimilation of isotopically distinct material has not occurred. A vertical array on a Th^U isochron diagram requires open-system behavior and could support a model of differentiation of multiple magma batches over 26 kyr. However, the presence of (Ra/Th) excesses requires introduction of new magma within the past 8000 years and is permissible of a model in which the currently erupting magmas were emplaced at or since the last caldera-forming event. Other than the presence of mafic enclaves in the 1878 and 1937 eruptions, no evidence exists to suggest open-system magma injection. Systematic variation in U-series disequilibria between 1994 and 2001 is lacking, which may indicate that the system is broadly in steady state or that the processes acting to produce the limited compositional variation have time scales that are too short to be resolved by Ra isotopes (i.e. are less than a few hundred years).
Stability of Equatorial Modes in a Simplified Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model

Abstract The stability, periodicity, and horizontal structure of equatorial modes in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model, simplified by the assumption that zonal wind stress anomalies are proportional to sea surface temperature anomalies lagged by a zonal phase difference, are examined analytically in an unbounded basin. The gravest coupled Rossby and Kelvin modes coexist with additional westward and eastward slow modes whose phase speeds are smaller than the former. Two of these four modes, one propagating westward and the other eastward, are destabilized in each case depending upon the model parameters. For some particular parameter choices. coupled Rossby and Kelvin modes merge with westward and eastward slow modes, respectively. For other parameters, however. they separate and remain distinct from the slow modes. For all of these modes the primary modifications by coupling relative to uncoupled oceanic equatorial waves are a decrease in phase speed and an increase in meridional scale. Among the model par.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of drinking water samples of different localities in Abbottabad district, Pakistan

The complete analysis of 15 drinking water samples was carried out to develop a data base on the quality of water being consumed in different areas of Abbottabad district. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of water samples of different localities was conducted to determine the exact amount of different pollutants present in water. The drinking water samples were taken from the main water sources where maximum peoples were using them for drinking purpose. The results indicated certain sources of water-borne diseases in drinking water, which are common in the people of a particular area. The results of the present research work showed that drinking water collected from different areas of Abbottabad district was not found to be suitable for human health due to microbiological issues. Key words: Abbottabad, drinking water, qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Forward Security with Crash Recovery for Secure Logs

Logging is a key mechanism in the security of computer systems. Beyond supporting important forward security properties, it is critical that logging withstands both failures and intentional tampering to prevent subtle attacks leaving the system in an inconsistent state with inconclusive evidence. We propose new techniques combining forward security with crash recovery for secure log data storage. As the support of specifically forward integrity and the online nature of logging prevent the use of conventional coding, we propose and analyze a coding scheme resolving these unique design constraints. Specifically, our coding enables forward integrity, online encoding, and most importantly a constant number of operations per encoding. It adds a new log item by \(\mathsf {XOR} \) ing it to k cells of a table. If up to a certain threshold of cells is modified by the adversary, or lost due to a crash, we still guarantee recovery of all stored log items. The main advantage of the coding scheme is its efficiency and compatibility with forward integrity. The key contribution of the paper is the use of spectral graph theory techniques to prove that k is constant in the number n of all log items ever stored and small in practice, e.g., k = 5. Moreover, we prove that to cope with up to \(\sqrt {n} \) modified or lost log items, storage expansion is constant in n and small in practice. For k = 5, the size of the table is only \(12\% \) more than the simple concatenation of all n items. We propose and evaluate original techniques to scale the computation cost of recovery to several GBytes of security logs. We instantiate our scheme into an abstract data structure which allows to either detect adversarial modifications to log items or treat modifications like data loss in a system crash. The data structure can recover lost log items, thereby effectively reverting adversarial modifications.
Effects of Reed Rootstocks on Hydraulic Properties of Surface Soil in the Shuangtai Estuary Wetland, Northeast China

: A set of field experiments was conducted to investigate the effects of reed rootstocks on hydraulic properties of surface soils in the Shuangtai Estuary Wetland, Northeast China. The soil particle size distribution and rootstock content were analyzed, and the vertical soil water profile was monitored by using a multisensory capacitance system. Hydraulic conductivity of the surface soil layer was estimated by in si-tu infiltration. The soil was silt loam with less sand; soil texture was consistent though the vertical profile, but bulk density was lower in the upper 20 cm, where the fine roots were concentrated. The surface soil moisture profile changed dynamically, and variation in vertically integrated soil moisture was consistent with observed precipitation and estimated evaporation. Infiltration capacity was 30 cm·d -1 , much larger than typical hydraulic conductivity values for silt loam with less sand. These findings suggest that fine annual roots change the soil matrix and hydraulic conductivity in surface soils. A vertical one-dimensional water transport model was presented based on Richard’s equation. Model parameters were estimated from the soil analyses and literature data. The computation accurately reproduced the dynamic changes in moisture in surface soils containing large volumes of fine rootstock.
Surface assessment of CNC laser treated commercially pure Titanium and Ti 13 Zr 13 Nb alloy

This study aimed to evaluate the surface changes of commercial pure Titanium disks (CP Ti) and the Ti 13Nb 13 Zr (Alloy) with a zigzag pattern of laser surface treatment. In vitro, experimental study of CNC Laser treatment on the CP Ti and Alloy disks. Texturing the surfaces of CP Ti and Alloy disks via CNC laser, the sample disks were analyzed using surface roughness, wettability and FESEM. The FESEM revealed a proper increase in the surface texturing and roughness on macro and micro measures without crack formation or dramatic change of the core substance of the CP Ti and Alloy disks. The CNC laser is an effective and suitable method for surface texturing CP Ti and Alloy for dental implantology. Keywords: Commercial pure Titanium; Ti 13 Zr 13 Nb alloy; CNC Laser; Laser surface texturing; Dental implant and surface roughness
Present and Norse Greenlandic hayfields – Insect assemblages and human impact in southern Greenland

This study uses new data on insect biodiversity from a modern sheep farm environment in southern Greenland, and compares the results with fossil assemblages from the same region and other relevant sites in Greenland. The study was conducted on sheep farms at Tasiusaq and Qorlortup Itinnera in southern Greenland (61°N, 45°W). Data have also been drawn from 17 Quaternary and archaeological sites from Greenland with an emphasis on Norse insect assemblages from the same area. Species diversity and abundance of Coleoptera from the modern samples were relatively low, while Hemiptera were dominant in all habitats sampled around the hayfields. The first local extinctions in the natural beetle fauna appear with the initiation of Norse settlement. The diversity of Coleoptera in the modern samples is lower compared with the Norse faunas, and this could partly be a result of mechanised agriculture. The Hemiptera demonstrate the exact opposite pattern. The modern samples include a similar range of Hemiptera species to their Norse equivalent, although the intensification in grass production is evident in the modern faunas. The increase of diversity in Hemiptera coincides with Landnám, with four additional species recorded from the Norse assemblages; the hemipterous faunas provide a signal for haymaking in the fossil record of Greenland.
Updating and extending indicative budget standards for older Australians

Prepared for the Association of Superannuation Funds of Australia, this report provides new estimates of the income older Australians need for a comfortable, sustainable standard of living. For a 70 year old woman in September 2003 the standard was $611.50; for a man, $597.50; and for a couple, $795.20.
The inscription of Zuhayr, the oldest Islamic inscription (24 AH/AD 644–645), the rise of the Arabic script and the nature of the early Islamic state1

This article provides an edition, translation and analysis of an inscription dated 24 AH (644 AD) discovered recently in north-west Saudi Arabia. It is an immensely important find, since it is our earliest dated Arabic inscription; it apparently contains a reference to the caliph ‘Umar I and shows evidence of a fully-fledged system of diacritical marks. The latter aspect is of great significance for our understanding of the development of the Arabic script and of the writing down of Arabic texts, especially the Qur’an. The text is compared with others composed in the decades shortly before and after the rise of Islam.
A Case Study Analysis of how Products Might be Designed to Promote Health

Background: Consumer technology products are changing lifestyle behaviors like how we eat, how we sleep, and how we get around, but existing research has not examined whether they are being designed to promote healthy choices. This study assesses the health impact of two products, Snapchat and Uber, through the lens of their companies’ environmental, social, and governance (ESG) goals in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We use an exploratory multiple case design to present how health might be considered as a growth strategy for consumer technology products. Using publicly available material, we analyze the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for the products’ design, policy, and implementation to promote health. Results: This distinct approach to health impact assessment successfully revealed existing organizational beliefs and practices with health impact. Snapchat’s social media platform fosters social interaction but lacks responsible design features, while Uber’s mobility platform has safety and privacy measures but lacks focus on physical activities as forms of mobility. Conclusions: By using these products, positive health impact is possible: whether through social connection and information access (Snapchat), or increased mobility and physical activity (Uber). This case study highlights the untapped potential of intentionally designing products to influence health behaviors and promote health, especially through new uses of existing features. Leveraging external partnerships and subject matter experts will be crucial for success, but companies that choose to do so and embrace a health-positive mindset will lay a foundation for a replicable business strategy for those too reticent to lead in this nascent field.
Prediction of lane change trajectory of autonomous vehicles based on vehicle-environment data fusion

Abstract. Vehicle lane changing is a current research hotspot in the field of autonomous driving. However, the current research does not consider the environmental data of a large number of vehicles as well as the lane change decision risk and lane change trajectory prediction as a system, and thus lacks the consideration of safety and trajectory accuracy in the lane change process. Based on this, a fusion model is established by two algorithms in this paper. First, the vehicle lane-changing behavior is analyzed, and the NGSIM trajectory dataset is used as the study data, and the data is processed using the SEMA method. Then, the XGBoost algorithm is used to build a vehicle lane change risk detection model. Finally, the LSTM algorithm is used to predict the lane change trajectories of vehicles. After experimental simulation, the designed model effectively improves the safety and accuracy of self-driving vehicles in the process of lane changing.