Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ablative Therapies for Breast Cancer: State of Art

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women. In the past two decades, new technologies and BC screening have led to the diagnosis of smaller and earlier-stage BC (ESBC). Therefore, percutaneous minimally invasive techniques (PMIT) were adopted to treat patients unfit for surgery, women who refuse it, or elderly patients with comorbidities that could make surgery a difficult and life-threatening treatment. The target of PMIT is small-size ESBC with the scope of obtaining similar efficacy as surgery. Minimally invasive treatments are convenient alternatives with promising effectiveness, lower morbidity, less cost, less scarring and pain, and more satisfying cosmetic results. Ablative techniques used in BC are cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, high-intensity focused ultrasound (US), and laser ablation. The aim of our study is to discuss the current status of percutaneous management of BC, evaluate the clinical outcomes of PMIT in BC, and analyze future perspectives regarding ablation therapy in BC.
Emergency Nurses’ Care of Psychiatric Patients

Objective: The volume of patients with mental illness presenting to the emergency department (ED) has been increasing in recent years, yet many ED nurses hold stigmatized attitudes and behaviors about patients with mental illness, creating barriers to therapeutic care. At the same time, there has been an increase in workplace violence (WPV) against nurses. Fortunately, resilience helps nurses manage their response to WPV and continue to provide therapeutic care. Although research has considered many barriers to the therapeutic care of patients with mental illness in the ED, the variables of stigma, resilience, and the experience of WPV have not been considered in relation to behavioral care competence and work performance, which is the purpose of this study. Methods: A survey consisting of the Brief Resilience Scale, the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire, the Behavioral Healthcare Competency (BHCC) survey, the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers, and open-ended questions about WPV were used to collect data. Independent t-tests were run between scale scores and categorical descriptive data. Correlations were run between scale scores and continuous descriptive data. Results: Over half (60%) had experienced a personal injury from WPV. Higher behavioral competence scores were associated with lower stigma and higher contextual work performance. Nurses who experienced a WPV injury had higher mean BHCC and higher contextual work performance scores. Conclusions: WPV may be an impetus for nurses to improve their practice in behavioral health and working as part of a team.
Superstructured NiMoO4@CoMoO4 core-shell nanofibers for supercapacitors with ultrahigh areal capacitance

Significance Large mass loading for a practical supercapacitor electrode usually leads to inferior charge transfer rate and thus poor utilization efficiency of electroactive materials. Therefore, it is a long-term target for material scientists to create an ideal electrode material that can achieve not only a large mass loading but also a high utilization efficiency for efficient supercapacitors. This work synthesizes superstructured NiMoO4@CoMoO4 core-shell nanofiber arrays (NFAs) on Mo-transition-layer-modified nickel foam (NF) current collector, realizing superior charge transfer efficiency at high mass loading of electroactive materials and thus ultrahigh areal capacitances.
A Digital Platform and Smartphone App to Increase Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Overview Of a Technical Solution

Mobile Health (mHealth) solutions can be used to increase patients’ engagement in self-care. Descriptions of the technical solutions behind mHealth smartphone apps may guide the development of future apps. Here, we aim to describe the technical background and visual display of the DiaCert system, which was developed to support daily walking among patients with type 2 diabetes. The DiaCert system publishes one application program interface developed for patient devices (ie, smartphone apps running on iOS or Android) and another for web-based health care provider components (ie, administrative components). An individual care plan is created for each patient on the caregiver platform, and data on physical activity (ie, steps), blood samples, and questionnaires are shared between patient and caregiver in the DiaCert system. Technical solutions such as this enable us to reach more individuals at a lower cost compared to traditional health care. An advantage to the DiaCert technical solution is that it is built on a simple architecture and therefore is easily scalable. However, as it is a separate solution, it means adding yet another process for health care personnel to integrate into their work, which must be acknowledged. We hope that the technical description and visual display of the DiaCert system herein can guide researchers in the design and building of new and effective mHealth solutions. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12889-018-5026-4
Nucleolin promotes angiogenesis and endothelial metabolism along the oncofetal axis in the human brain vasculature

Glioblastomas are among the deadliest human cancers and are highly vascularized. Angiogenesis is dynamic during brain development, almost quiescent in the adult brain but reactivated in vascular-dependent CNS pathologies, including brain tumors. The oncofetal axis describes the reactivation of fetal programs in tumors, but its relevance in endothelial and perivascular cells of the human brain vasculature in glial brain tumors is unexplored. Nucleolin is a regulator of cell proliferation and angiogenesis, but its roles in the brain vasculature remain unknown. Here, we studied the expression of Nucleolin in the neurovascular unit in human fetal brains, adult brains, and human gliomas in vivo as well as its effects on sprouting angiogenesis and endothelial metabolism in vitro. Nucleolin is highly expressed in endothelial and perivascular cells during brain development, downregulated in the adult brain, and upregulated in glioma. Moreover, Nucleolin expression correlated with glioma malignancy in vivo. In culture, siRNA-mediated Nucleolin knockdown reduced human brain endothelial cell (HCMEC) and HUVEC sprouting angiogenesis, proliferation, filopodia extension, and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, inhibition of Nucleolin with the aptamer AS1411 decreased brain endothelial cell proliferation in vitro. Mechanistically, Nucleolin knockdown in HCMECs and HUVECs uncovered regulation of angiogenesis involving VEGFR2 and of endothelial glycolysis. These findings identify Nucleolin as a neurodevelopmental factor reactivated in glioma that promotes sprouting angiogenesis and endothelial metabolism, characterizing Nucleolin as an oncofetal protein. Our findings have potential implications in the therapeutic targeting of glioma.
Pyrazolopyrimidinone Based Selective Inhibitors of PDE5 for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction

Continuing research with our earlier finding of sildenafil based analogs in the search of new inhibitors of PDE5 for erectile dysfunction suggested that there is a scope of modifications at N‐methylpiperazine ring with hydrophobic region followed by hydrogen bond donor or acceptor region. However, the leads identified earlier had some limitations like poor pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability. In this direction, a new series of sildenafil based analogs were designed, synthesized and screened for their PDE5 inhibitory activity. In this series compound 18 was found to have excellent in vitro activity with selectivity towards PDE5 isozyme, also the in vivo activity and pharmacokinetic profile was excellent. The cyp inhibition and CaCO2 permeability was also excellent for compound 18.
Characteristics and clinical needs of young tertiary students attending a specialist mood disorders clinic

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of tertiary students and non-students attending a specialist clinic for severe mood disorders. Method Medical record audit of clients discharged from the Youth Mood Clinic (YMC). Data extracted included depressive symptomatology, suicidal ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt, tertiary education engagement, drop-out and deferral. Results Data from 131 clients (M age = 19.58 years, SD = 2.66) were analysed, including 46 tertiary students. Relative to non-students, at intake, tertiary students reported more severe depressive symptomatology (d = 0.43). They were more likely to experience suicidal ideation at intake (V = 0.23), and during treatment (V = 0.18). Tertiary students were also more likely to be living separately to their family of origin (V = 0.20) but were less likely to have experienced parental separation (V = 0.19). 21.73% of tertiary students dropped out or deferred study during care. Conclusion In this cohort, those engaged in tertiary education experience more severe depression and more commonly experienced suicidal ideation. These young people require targeted support for their mental health while they undertake tertiary education.
Oxidative stress in intervertebral disc degeneration: Molecular mechanisms, pathogenesis and treatment

Low back pain (LBP) is a leading cause of labour loss and disability worldwide, and it also imposes a severe economic burden on patients and society. Among symptomatic LBP, approximately 40% is caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). IDD is the pathological basis of many spinal degenerative diseases such as disc herniation and spinal stenosis. Currently, the therapeutic approaches for IDD mainly include conservative treatment and surgical treatment, neither of which can solve the problem from the root by terminating the degenerative process of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Therefore, further exploring the pathogenic mechanisms of IDD and adopting targeted therapeutic strategies is one of the current research hotspots. Among the complex pathophysiological processes and pathogenic mechanisms of IDD, oxidative stress is considered as the main pathogenic factor. The delicate balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants is essential for maintaining the normal function and survival of IVD cells. Excessive ROS levels can cause damage to macromolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins of cells, affect normal cellular activities and functions, and ultimately lead to cell senescence or death. This review discusses the potential role of oxidative stress in IDD to further understand the pathophysiological processes and pathogenic mechanisms of IDD and provides potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IDD.
Hyperspectral image classification by fusing sparse representation and simple linear iterative clustering

Abstract. We present a hyperspectral image classification method based on sparse representation and superpixel segmentation. The presented method includes two main stages, which are sparse representation of extended multiattribute profiles (EMAPs) and superpixel segmentation of EMAPs. Specifically, we use the sparse representation of EMAPs to obtain the initial label of the pixel in the hyperspectral data. In addition, unsupervised superpixel segmentation is applied to EMAPs to generate the spatial constraint of the data. By refining the spectral classification results with the spatial constraints, the accuracy of classification is improved by a substantial margin. Our experiments reveal that the proposed approach yields state-of-the-art classification results for different hyperspectral datasets.
Transformation of Compatible Mating-Type Genes in Monokaryons Triggers Fruiting Body Development by Activating Mating Pathways in Pleurotus eryngii

Fruiting bodies of edible mushrooms have high nutritional value. However, the fruiting body development of mushrooms is not well understood, and thus, many wild edible mushrooms of economic importance cannot be cultivated artificially. ABSTRACT Fruiting body formation is the most important developmental event in the edible mushroom life cycle; however, the genetic regulation of this process is not well understood. Pleurotus eryngii is a widely cultivated mushroom with high economic value. The mating of two monokaryons carrying compatible A and B mating-type genes is required for the development of fruiting bodies in P. eryngii. In this study, we showed that the monokaryons of P. eryngii transformed with compatible homeodomain (A mating type) and pheromone (B mating type) genes can complete fruiting body development but cannot form basidiospores. Transcriptional analyses revealed that expression of endogenous homeodomain and pheromone receptor genes and mating signaling pathways were activated by transferred homeodomain and pheromone genes in the transformants. Our findings provide a novel model for studying fruiting body development, which may accelerate the genetic breeding of edible mushrooms in the future. IMPORTANCE Fruiting bodies of edible mushrooms have high nutritional value. However, the fruiting body development of mushrooms is not well understood, and thus, many wild edible mushrooms of economic importance cannot be cultivated artificially. Moreover, variety among cultivatable mushrooms has improved marginally. Under natural conditions, fruiting body development can be initiated only in a dikaryon, the sexual mycelium obtained from mating two compatible monokaryons. The present work showed induction of fruiting body development in Pleurotus eryngii monokaryons by genetic manipulation. Gene expression analyses revealed key genes and signaling pathways involved in the fruiting body development of P. eryngii.
Girls With Social and/or Attention Deficit Re-Examined in Young Adulthood: Prospective Study of Diagnostic Stability, Daily Life Functioning and Social Situation

Objective: Investigate diagnostic stability, daily life functioning and social situation in women diagnosed with ADHD and/or ASD in childhood. Methods: Prospective 17 to 20-year follow-up study of 100 girls of whom 92 diagnosed in childhood with main DSM-IV ADHD or ASD, and 60 comparison girls. Ninety and 54 of these women were examined (M = 27, 4 years old) with semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, close relatives were interviewed. Results: At follow-up, 89% of women with ADHD or ASD in childhood still met the criteria for either of these diagnoses. Very few women were “in remission. ” In 34% the main diagnosis shifted from ADHD to ASD. Women with ADHD and ASD had significantly more disability and unfavorable social situation than comparison women. Conclusion: Women with ADHD and/or ASD in childhood had impairing problems 17 to 20 years later. Early ADHD changed to ASD in adulthood in some cases. Nearly all with ASD met criteria for ADHD as adults.
Image Registration Based on Mutual Information and Corner Points

A maximization of mutual information based image registration method is described. Firstly Due to the inferiority of image registration using maximum mutual information, the registration based on local curvature maximum to obtain corner points. Secondly, the one to one matching points could be obtained through mutual information rough match. Finally, the search strategy used the improved genetic algorithm to find the optimum value. Experimental results indicate the proposed algorithm can achieve better accuracy and good robust.
Caution: merging ion channel traffic ahead

KCNH2, also known as the human ether-à-go-go related-gene or hERG, encodes the Kv11.1 channel proteins that conduct the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) in the heart. IKr plays a primary role in ventricular repolarization, and a decrease or loss in IKr is associated with an increased risk for the deadly cardiac arrhythmias (Sanguinetti et al., 1995). A major goal in cardiac safety assessment is to identify mechanisms that modify IKr, ventricular repolarization, and arrhythmogenic risk. To understand how IKr can be modified, one can think of IKr as being equal to the number of Kv11.1 channels in the membrane (M), the open probability of the Kv11.1 channels (Po), and the amplitude of the single Kv11.1 channel current (i) (Hille, 2001): IKr = MPoi. Po and i reflect the biophysical properties of Kv11.1 channels in the cell membrane. In contrast, M reflects several different cytoplasmic processes, including Kv11.1 channel trafficking, production and degradation. The kinetics of the cytoplasmic processes that regulateM are orders of magnitude slower than the biophysical properties that regulate Po and i (Fig. 1). As a result, modifying Po and i has an immediate impact on IKr and ventricular repolarization, whereas modifying the cytoplasmic processes that regulate M take minutes, hours or even days to fully impact IKr, ventricular repolarization and arrhythmia susceptibility. In this issue of The Journal of Physiology, Meier and colleagues recognized this and developed a model to calculate how changes in the cytoplasmic processes that regulate the number of Kv11.1 channels in the membrane (M), IKr and ventricular repolarization (Meier et al., 2023). To do this, they integrate their model with the O’Hara–Rudy (ORd) ventricular action potential (AP) model (O’Hara et al., 2011). They apply the integrated model to predict how conditions that alter the biophysical properties and number of Kv11.1 channels in the membrane impact IKr and the ventricular AP waveform. This Perspective article provides a primer for how Meier and colleagues modelled the cytoplasmic processes that regulate channel number, and it highlights their important contribution in understanding time-dependent changes in arrhythmogenic risk. Meier and colleagues introduce a two-state kinetic model for the trafficking of an ion channel to the membrane, where the variable M represents the number of channels in the membrane and S the number in the cytoplasm. The number of channels in the membrane increases with membrane insertion and decreases with
Safety and Efficacy of Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors in the Treatment of Facial and Genital Psoriasis: A Systematic Review

Facial and genital psoriasis impairs quality of life and is challenging to treat because of increased percutaneous penetration and, consequently, increased risk of adverse effects. Topical calcineurin inhibitors are recognized as a valid off-label treatment for these sensitive skin areas, but data on safety and efficacy are limited. This systematic review of the literature included 24 of 3,322 studies (5 randomized controlled trials, 9 open-label studies, 2 case series and 8 case reports). All studies demonstrated positive efficacy; 11 studies found statistically significant reductions in psoriasis severity. Local stinging, burning and itching were the most common short-term adverse effects and were reported in 18 studies. Topical calcineurin inhibitors appear to have an important role in the treatment of facial and genital psoriasis. The drugs are effective and generally well-tolerated with few adverse effects. SIGNIFICANCE Among patients with psoriasis, up to 29% develop facial psoriasis and 63% develop genital psoriasis. Facial and genital psoriasis impairs quality of life and because of the sensitive nature of these skin areas, treatment is challenging. Topical calcineurin inhibitors are recognized as a valid off-label treatment. This study systematically searched the literature to investigate whether this off-label treatment is safe and effective. This systematic review confirms that topical calcineurin inhibitors are safe and effective in treating facial and genital psoriasis.
Attachment in individuals with eating disorders compared to community controls: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE Individuals with eating disorders are known to have higher rates of insecure attachment compared to community controls, but the factors underlying this finding are poorly understood. We conducted the first meta-analysis comparing attachment in eating disorder samples compared to community controls that included quality assessment, publication bias and moderation analysis. METHOD We pre-registered our meta-analysis (CRD42019146799) and followed PRISMA guidelines. We searched PsychINFO, Embase, Medline, CINAHL, and Scopus for publications. Attachment scores were extracted, and Cohen's d calculated for each study using a random effects model. RESULTS In total, 35 studies were included in the meta-analysis and six studies were summarized in a narrative review. Eating disorder samples showed higher rates of insecure attachment compared to community controls, with a large effect size, across measurement methods and different attachment dimensions. Blinding of assessors moderated effect sizes for attachment interview studies, but no other moderators were significant. DISCUSSION Risk of insecure attachment is elevated in individuals with eating disorders, albeit heterogeneity is high and largely unexplained. Clinicians may need to take this into account in their work, particularly given the association between attachment insecurity and challenges to therapeutic alliance. Future studies comparing eating disorder samples with community samples should control for general psychopathology. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Attachment is a broad concept referring to a person's thoughts, feelings and behaviors in relation to close others. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that individuals with eating disorders are lower in attachment security than community controls, regardless of attachment construct or measurement approach. Attachment may be relevant in influencing eating disorder recovery, the development of therapeutic alliance, and potentially clinical outcomes, although more research is needed.
The use of Nicotinamide and Nicotinamide riboside as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of glaucoma

Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which leads to progressive visual field loss and may result in blindness. Currently, the only available treatment to avoid or delay progression in glaucoma patients is to decrease intraocular pressure (IOP). However, despite adequate IOP control, approximately 25% of the patients continue to progress. To delay or prevent optic nerve damage in glaucoma, two forms of vitamin B3, nicotinamide (NAM) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) are emerging as viable adjuvant therapies. These compounds are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) precursors. NAD is essential for proper cell functioning and is involved in several metabolic activities, including protection against reactive oxygen species, contribution to the performance of various enzymes, and maintenance of mitochondrial function. Due to its beneficial effects and to the evidence of the reduction of NAD bioavailability with aging, researchers are seeking ways to replenish the cellular NAD pool, by administrating its precursors (NAM and NR), believing that it will reduce the RGC vulnerability to external stressors, such as increased IOP. This article attempts to analyze the current knowledge regarding the use of NAM and NR for the prevention and/or treatment of glaucoma.