Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In-orbit cross-calibration of HY-1A satellite sensor COCTS

The Chinese Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (COCTS) is the main sensor launched in May of 2002 on the Chinese first ocean color satellite named HY-IA. In this paper, first, the properties of HY-IA and COCTS are introduced briefly. Second, the theory and methodology of cross-calibration for COCTS ocean color bands by using the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) data are discussed in detail. Third, with the quasi-synchronized SeaWiFS data, we simulate the COCTS radiances at the top of atmosphere (TOA), and then obtain the calibration coefficients for COCTS ocean color bands. The results show that the cross-calibration TOA radiances are consistent with the in situ vicarious calibration TOA radiances at the COCTS ocean color bands. Finally, we compare the COCTS-retrieved water leaving radiances with SeaWiFS-retrieved ones and the results show that the cross-calibration method could provide reasonable accuracy for ocean color measurement.
Unifying the relative hindered velocity in suspensions and emulsions of nondeformable particles

Although the relative velocity of a single crystal or bubble in a quiescent fluid (melt) is well characterized, the interplay of crystals/bubbles in multiparticle systems and its effect on their settling/rising velocity is poorly quantified. We propose a theoretical model for the hindered velocity of non‐Brownian emulsions and suspensions of nondeformable fluid and solid particles in the creeping flow regime. The model is based on three sets of correction: two on the drag coefficient experienced by each particle to account for both return flow and Smoluchowski effects and a correction on the rheology to account for nonlocal interactions introduced as a mean‐field effective viscosity. Our model is tested against new and published experimental data over a wide range of particle volume fraction and viscosity ratio between the fluids. We find an excellent agreement between our model and experiments. The model is then applied to show that hindered settling can increase mineral residence time by up to an order of magnitude in convecting magma chambers.
A Phase 1, Open-label, Dose-Ascending Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of the Therapeutic Radiopharmaceutical 131I-MIP-1095 for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Purpose 131I-MIP-1095 is a targeted radiotherapeutic that contains 131I, a β-particle emitter, and MIP-1095, a urea-based ligand for prostate-specific membrane antigen. We report the first phase 1, dose-escalation study of 131I-MIP-1095 in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Methods This study enrolled men with mCRPC refractory to second-generation antiandrogen(s) and taxane chemotherapy. Dosimetry/biodistribution assessments were performed. Safety and tolerability were determined in subjects who qualified for therapeutic administration of 131I-MIP-1095 with maximum tolerated activity examined in a dose-ascending manner (3 + 3 design methodology). Disease outcomes including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) change, tumor response, survival, and circulating tumor cell concentration were assessed. Results A total of 9 subjects with mCRPC were included in this study. On the basis of dosimetry results, 5 of 9 patients were treated: 3 in cohort 1 (50 mCi) and 2 in cohort 2 (75 mCi). Accrual stopped at the cohort 2 activity level in response to the US Food and Drug Administration mandate for 131I-MIP-1095 manufacturing concerns. Parotid/salivary glands (3.5 Gy/Bq), liver (2.2 Gy/Bq), kidneys (1.3 Gy/Bq), and spleen (0.7 Gy/Bq) demonstrated the greatest extent of 131I-MIP-1095 exposure. There were no deaths, serious adverse events, or drug discontinuations due to treatment-emergent adverse events. Grade 1–2 thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukopenia, and dry mouth most commonly occurred. One subject (33.3%) exhibited maximum decline for the PSA response of 50% or greater. Conclusion 131I-MIP-1095 demonstrated favorable dosimetry, biodistribution, and safety, as well as a modest PSA response supporting further investigation for treatment of men with mCRPC. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03030885, Registered January 25, 2017 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03030885).
Learning Embeddings for Loop Closing Detection Using Graph Neural Network

—Loop closure detection involves matching a current query image with images from an existing database during simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). In graph-based SLAM, each pose is deﬁned by graph nodes, and relative transformations are established through connecting edges. Although various methods employ graph-based algorithms for loop closure, they differ from the representation in graph SLAM. In most cases, features from query and reference images are utilized to compute similarity. This paper proposes the supervised method by exploiting the graph structure with graph neural network (GNN) to learn a new embeddings on top of intermediate features extracted from convolutional models that can enhance the similarity score for the loop closure queries and matching nodes whereas diminishing the score for dissimilar nodes, ﬁnally resulting in reduced false positives and false negatives. GNN makes it possible to learn a new features by gathering neighborhood information that helps to effectively distinguishing between similarity and dissimilarity. The proposed embeddings are evaluated in comparison with other convolution-based features, revealing their efﬁcacy in enhancing evaluation metrics and overall performance.
Analysis of the Intel Pentium's Ability to Support a Secure Virtual Machine Monitor

A virtual machine monitor (VMM) allows multiple operating systems to run concurrently on virtual machines (VMs) on a single hardware platform. Each VM can be treated as an independent operating system platform. A secure VMM would enforce an overarching security policy on its VMs. The potential benefits of a secure VMM for PCs include: a more secure environment, familiar COTS operating systems and applications, and enormous savings resulting from the elimination of the need for separate platforms when both high assurance policy enforcement, and COTS software are required. This paper addresses the problem of implementing secure VMMs on the Intel Pentium architecture. The requirements for various types of VMMs are reviewed. We report an analysis of the virtualizability of all of the approximately 250 instructions of the Intel Pentium platform and address its ability to support a VMM. Current "virtualization" techniques for the Intel Pentium architecture are examined and several security problems are identified. An approach to providing a virtualizable hardware base for a highly secure VMM is discussed.
SkipNet: A Scalable Overlay Network with Practical Locality Properties

Scalable overlay networks such as Chord, CAN, Pastry, and Tapestry have recently emerged as flexible infrastructure for building large peer-to-peer systems. In practice, such systems have two disadvantages: They provide no control over where data is stored and no guarantee that routing paths remain within an administrative domain whenever possible. SkipNet is a scalable overlay network that provides controlled data placement and guaranteed routing locality by organizing data primarily by string names. SkipNet allows for both fine-grained and coarse-grained control over data placement: Content can be placed either on a pre-determined node or distributed uniformly across the nodes of a hierarchical naming sub-tree. An additional useful consequence of SkipNet's locality properties is that partition failures, in which an entire organization disconnects from the rest of the system, can result in two disjoint, but well-connected overlay networks.
Using Fault Injection and Modeling to Evaluate the Performability of Cluster-Based Services

We propose a two-phase methodology for quantifying the performability (performance and availability) of cluster-based Internet services. In the first phase, evaluators use a fault-injection infrastructure to measure the impact of faults on the server's performance. In the second phase, evaluators use an analytical model to combine an expected fault load with measurements from the first phase to assess the server's performability. Using this model, evaluators can study the server's sensitivity to different design decisions, fault rates, and environmental factors. To demonstrate our methodology, we study the performability of 4 versions of the PRESS Web server against 5 classes of faults, quantifying the effects of different design decisions on performance and availability. Finally, to further show the utility of our model, we also quantify the impact of two hypothetical changes, reduced human operator response time and the use of RAIDs.
Data-Driven Models of Monotone Systems

—In this paper, we consider the problem of computing from data guaranteed set-valued over-approximations of unknown monotone functions with additive disturbances. We provide a characterization of a simulating map that provably contains all monotone functions that are consistent with the data. This map is also minimal in the sense that any set-valued map containing all consistent monotone functions would also include the map we are proposing. We show that this minimal simulating map is interval-valued and admits a simple construction on a ﬁnite partition induced by the data. As the complexity of the partition increases with the amount of data, we also consider the problem of computing minimal interval-valued simulating maps deﬁned on partitions that are ﬁxed a priori. We present an efﬁcient algorithm for their computation. We then use those data-driven over-approximations to build models for partially unknown systems where the unknown part is monotone. The resulting models are used to construct ﬁnite-state symbolic abstractions, paving the way for discrete controller synthesis methods to be applied. We extend our approach to handle systems with bounded derivatives and introduce an algorithm to calculate the bounds on those derivatives and on the disturbances from the data. We present several numerical experiments to test the performance of the introduced method and show that the data-driven abstractions are suitable for controller synthesis purposes.
Finding Critical Scenarios for Automated Driving Systems: The Data Extraction Form

This is the data extraction form for the systematic mapping study to find critical scenarios for automated driving systems. Table 1 lists all the acronyms used in the main paper. The extracted data from the primary studies is structured in the rest of the tables according to the taxonomy defined in Section 4 of the main paper. Table 2 shows how the content in these tables links to the taxonomy. Primary studies in Tables 2 to 6 correspond to the five clusters defined in Section 6 of the main paper.
Studying the joint role of partial observability and channel reliability in emergent communication

—Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) provides a powerful conceptual and computational framework for modeling emergent communication as a way to solve complex problems in sequential environments. However, despite the recent advances in this ﬁeld, there is still a need to better understand the role of heterogeneous factors, e.g. partial observability and channel reliability, in the emergence of communication systems. An important step has recently been done in this direction by proposing new information-theoretic measures of emergent communication. As of yet, very few contributions have taken advantage of these new measures to perform detailed quantitative studies analyzing how different environmental and cognitive factors can foster the emergence of communication systems. This work quantitatively measures the joint role of partial observability and channel reliability in the emergence of communication systems. To this end, we performed experiments in a simulated multi-agent grid-world environment where agents learn how to solve different cooperative tasks through MARL.
Braided rivers within an arid alluvial plain (example from the Lower Triassic, western German Basin): recognition criteria and expression of stratigraphic cycles

Based on a detailed sedimentological analysis of Lower Triassic continental deposits in the western Germanic sag Basin (i.e. the eastern part of the present‐day Paris Basin: the ‘Conglomérat basal’, ‘Grès vosgien’ and ‘Conglomérat principal’ Formations), three main depositional environments were identified: (i) braided rivers in an arid alluvial plain with some preserved aeolian dunes and very few floodplain deposits; (ii) marginal erg (i.e. braided rivers, aeolian dunes and aeolian sand‐sheets); and (iii) playa lake (an ephemeral lake environment with fluvial and aeolian sediments). Most of the time, aeolian deposits in arid environments that are dominated by fluvial systems are poorly preserved and particular attention should be paid to any sedimentological marker of aridity, such as wind‐worn pebbles (ventifacts), sand‐drift surfaces and aeolian sand‐sheets. In such arid continental environments, stratigraphic surfaces of allocyclic origin correspond to bounding surfaces of regional extension. Elementary stratigraphic cycles, i.e. the genetic units, have been identified for the three main continental environments: the fluvial type, fluvial–aeolian type and fluvial/playa lake type. At the time scale of tens to hundreds of thousands of years, these high‐frequency cycles of climatic origin are controlled either by the groundwater level in the basin or by the fluvial siliciclastic sediment input supplied from the highland. Lower Triassic deposits from the Germanic Basin are preserved mostly in endoreic basins. The central part of the basin is arid but the rivers are supplied with water by precipitation falling on the remnants of the Hercynian (Variscan)–Appalachian Mountains. Consequently, a detailed study of alluvial plain facies provides indications of local climatic conditions in the place of deposition, whereas fluvial systems only reflect climatic conditions of the upstream erosional catchments.
Validation of a new iPhone application for measurements of wrist velocity during actual work tasks

The breakthrough in mobile technology and the development of smartphones, supplied with sensing devices such as Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), has made it possible to obtain accurate and reliable data on the angular velocity for different objects. The available technical sensors for wrist movements, such as electrogoniometers, are costly, time-consuming, and need a particular computer program to be analyzed. Therefore, there is a need to develop user-friendly risk assessment methods for wrist angular velocity measurements. This master thesis aimed to validate the accuracy of a newly developed iPhone application (App), "ErgoHandMeter," for wrist velocity in actual work tasks, by comparing the “ErgoHandMeter” to standard electrogoniometers. The project study was performed with four participants, two females and two males, from three jobs performing actual work tasks. The total angular velocity obtained by the mobile application was compared with the angular velocity data from the standard electrogoniometer. The total angular velocities obtained from the smartphone and the goniometer were computed at the 10 th , 50 th and 90 th percentile for the four subjects. The 50 th percentile of goniometer-flexion velocity (G-flex) was 7.4 ± 5.4°/s, for the goniometer-total (G-tot) 8.7 ± 6.5)°/s and for App 7.2 ± 4.9°/s. The correlation coefficient for the 50 th percentile of goniometer-flexion (G-flex) parameter and smartphone application was 0.994. For the goniometer-total (G-tot) and the application, it was 0.993. In a Bland-Altman plot the mean difference between G-flex and App for the 50 th percentile was -0.18 °/s and for G-tot and App was -1.54 °/s, i.e. the App was lower in average. The limit of the agreement between G-Flex and App, and G-tot and App stayed within two standard deviations. For G-Flex and App (mean+1.96SD) was 1.34 °/s, (mean-1.96SD) was -1.71 °/s, while for G-tot and App (mean+1.96SD) was 1.89 °/s, (mean-1.96SD) was -4.96 °/s, indicating an adequate agreement between the two methods. A limitation was that the included occupations were all relatively low velocity. However, in conclusion, the results indicate that the two methods agree adequately and can be used interchangeably.
Derivative Pricing with Credit Risk

Derivative products bear credit risk where multiple defaults may be dependent and correlated. To mitigate credit risk, collateralization is introduced. This article presents a new model for valuing financial contracts subject to credit risk and collateralization. We show that default dependency has a significant impact on asset pricing. In fact, correlated default risk is one of the most pervasive threats in financial markets. We also show that a fully collateralized swap is equivalent to a risk-free one, but a fully collateralized CDS is not. That means full collateralization cannot eliminate counterparty risk completely in the CDS market.
Smart learning in extracurricular activities for developing college graduates' competencies

Nowadays, employers expect college graduates (or simply “graduates”) to be for ready in taking up challenges when they enter into their careers. Most competencies that employers are looking for cannot be learned but can be developed by participating in extracurricular activities. However, planning on participation in extracurricular activities is difficult, given the lack of measurement standards together with their unstructured and non-systematic nature. To provide a smarter way for activity organisers, advisers and students to plan for extracurricular activities, our university has launched the central repository on student development activities system and codified the information about participation in extracurricular activities in a quantified and systematic way. This paper has collected data from three consecutive years from the system, the employers' feedback data and the academic performance data of placement students in the Department of Computer Science. Participation level, with logarithm transformation, had a positive and significant relationship with academic performance. Moreover, the competency developed by most students had a positive relationship with job performance in the placement year of 2019/2020. In this article, we discuss contributions, limitations and future directions. Implication for practice or policy:
Hebb Repetition Effects in

A version of the Hebb repetition task was used with faces to explore the generality of the effect in a non-verbal domain. In the baseline condition, a series of upright faces was presented and participants asked to reconstruct the original order. Performance in this condition was compared to another in which the same stimuli were accompanied by concurrent verbal rehearsal to examine if Hebb learning is dependent on verbal processing. Baseline performance was also compared to a condition in which the same faces were presented inverted. This comparison was used to determine the importance in Hebb learning of being able to visually distinguish between the list items. The results produced classic serial position curves that were equivalent over conditions with Hebb repetition effects being in evidence only for upright faces and verbal suppression as having no effect. These findings are interpreted a posing a challenge to current models derived from verbal domain data.
New Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis (MLVA) Scheme for Fine-Scale Monitoring and Microevolution-Related Study of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum Phylotype I Populations

ABSTRACT Bacterial wilt caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is considered one of the most harmful plant diseases in the world. Special attention should be paid to R. pseudosolanacearum phylotype I due to its large host range, its worldwide distribution, and its high evolutionary potential. So far, the molecular epidemiology and population genetics of this bacterium are poorly understood. Until now, the genetic structure of the RSSC has been analyzed on the worldwide and regional scales. Emerging questions regarding evolutionary forces in RSSC adaptation to hosts now require genetic markers that are able to monitor RSSC field populations. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) approach for its ability to discriminate genetically close phylotype I strains and for population genetics studies. We developed a new MLVA scheme (MLVA-7) allowing us to genotype 580 R. pseudosolanacearum phylotype I strains extracted from susceptible and resistant hosts and from different habitats (stem, soil, and rhizosphere). Based on specificity, polymorphism, and the amplification success rate, we selected seven fast-evolving variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) markers. The newly developed MLVA-7 scheme showed higher discriminatory power than the previously published MLVA-13 scheme when applied to collections sampled from the same location on different dates and to collections from different locations on very small scales. Our study provides a valuable tool for fine-scale monitoring and microevolution-related study of R. pseudosolanacearum phylotype I populations. IMPORTANCE Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of adaptation of plant pathogens to new hosts or ecological niches has become a key point for the development of innovative disease management strategies, including durable resistance. Whereas the molecular mechanisms underlying virulence or pathogenicity changes have been studied thoroughly, the population genetics of plant pathogen adaptation remains an open, unexplored field, especially for plant-pathogenic bacteria. MLVA has become increasingly popular for epidemiosurveillance and molecular epidemiology studies of plant pathogens. However, this method has been used mostly for genotyping and identification on a regional or global scale. In this study, we developed a new MLVA scheme, targeting phylotype I of the soilborne Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC), specifically to address the bacterial population genetics on the field scale. Such a MLVA scheme, based on fast-evolving loci, may be a tool of choice for field experimental evolution and spatial genetics studies.
Functional programming with logical frameworks

Logical frameworks are languages used to represent information. In this dissertation we present the Delphin programming language, which is a functional programming language with a logical framework supporting both higher-order abstract syntax and dependent types. Higher-order abstract syntax, or HOAS, refers to the technique of representing variables of an object language using variables of a meta-language, which leads to more concise and elegant encodings than first, order alternatives. Dependent types allow one to represent complex data (such as derivations in various logics) and enforce more properties of programs than possible using only simple types. Delphin is not only a useful programming language but also a useful system for formalizing proofs as total functions express proofs that the input entails the output. Just as representations using HOAS free the programmer from concerns of handling explicit contexts and substitutions, our system permits computation and reasoning over such encodings without making these constructs explicit, leading to concise and elegant programs. Delphin is a two-level system distinguishing functions used for representation from functions expressing computation. The ability to perform computation over higher-order data is driven by a construct allowing the dynamic introduction of scoped constants, which we call parameters. We motivate our system with examples of translating derivations between logics and converting between higher-order and first-order representations of data. The Delphin website can be reached at http://www.delphin. logosphere.org.