Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Animal models in biological psychiatry

Preface Overview: Neuroethological models of anxiety and depression Protocol: ethological analysis of grooming for stress-oriented research in mice Grooming analysis algorithm for neurobehavioural stress research in rats The genetic cataleptic (GC) rat strain as a model of depressive disorders Experimental studies of hereditary predisposition to the development of depression Neurosteroid Vitamin D and anxiety: insights from mutant mice Genetic ablation of Vitamin D receptor gene affects grooming activity and sequencing in mice Antibodies to S-100 protein in anxiety-depressive disorders in experimental and clinical conditions Experimental models in epilepsy research: intranasal human Interleukin-6 Increases the severity of seizures in rats On the problem of memory-anxiety interaction: anxiolytic effects of memory-impoving dipeptide GVS-111 Mouse grooming microstructure is a reliable behavioural index in anxiety psychopharmacology: GABAergic drugs Neurotransplanation approaches in biological psychiatry Index.
Treating rheumatoid arthritis to target: 2014 update of the recommendations of an international task force

Background Reaching the therapeutic target of remission or low-disease activity has improved outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) significantly. The treat-to-target recommendations, formulated in 2010, have provided a basis for implementation of a strategic approach towards this therapeutic goal in routine clinical practice, but these recommendations need to be re-evaluated for appropriateness and practicability in the light of new insights. Objective To update the 2010 treat-to-target recommendations based on systematic literature reviews (SLR) and expert opinion. Methods A task force of rheumatologists, patients and a nurse specialist assessed the SLR results and evaluated the individual items of the 2010 recommendations accordingly, reformulating many of the items. These were subsequently discussed, amended and voted upon by >40 experts, including 5 patients, from various regions of the world. Levels of evidence, strengths of recommendations and levels of agreement were derived. Results The update resulted in 4 overarching principles and 10 recommendations. The previous recommendations were partly adapted and their order changed as deemed appropriate in terms of importance in the view of the experts. The SLR had now provided also data for the effectiveness of targeting low-disease activity or remission in established rather than only early disease. The role of comorbidities, including their potential to preclude treatment intensification, was highlighted more strongly than before. The treatment aim was again defined as remission with low-disease activity being an alternative goal especially in patients with long-standing disease. Regular follow-up (every 1–3 months during active disease) with according therapeutic adaptations to reach the desired state was recommended. Follow-up examinations ought to employ composite measures of disease activity that include joint counts. Additional items provide further details for particular aspects of the disease, especially comorbidity and shared decision-making with the patient. Levels of evidence had increased for many items compared with the 2010 recommendations, and levels of agreement were very high for most of the individual recommendations (≥9/10). Conclusions The 4 overarching principles and 10 recommendations are based on stronger evidence than before and are supposed to inform patients, rheumatologists and other stakeholders about strategies to reach optimal outcomes of RA.
Assigning global relevance scores to DBpedia facts

Knowledge bases have become ubiquitous assets in today's Web. They provide access to billions of statements about real-world entities derived from governmental, institutional, product-oriented, bibliographic, bio-chemical, and many other domain-oriented and general-purpose datasets. The sheer amount of statements that can be retrieved for a given entity calls for ranking techniques that return the most salient, i.e., globally relevant, statements as top results. In this paper we analyze and compare various strategies for assigning global relevance scores to DBpedia facts with the goal to derive the best one among these strategies. Some of these strategies build on complementary aspects such as frequency and inverse document frequency, yet others combine structural information about the underlying knowledge graph with Web-based co-occurrence statistics for entity pairs. A user evaluation of the discussed approaches has been conducted on the popular DBpedia knowledge base with statistics derived from an indexed version of the ClueWeb09 corpus. The created dataset can be seen as a strong baseline for comparing entity ranking strategies (especially, in terms of global relevance) and can be used as a building block for developing new ranking and mining techniques on linked data.
From the sports field to the classroom: relationships between mental toughness, achievement, and progression in first-year University sports students

Objective: Transition from further to higher education is typically reported as stressful and requiring psychological adjustment. One important trait linked to better coping and successful outcomes across performance domains is mental toughness (MT). We aimed to test relationships between MT, achievement, and progression in first-year University students. Design: MT was measured using the Mental Toughness Questionnaire 48 (MTQ48). Results for academic achievement (end of year grade), and progression (pass, fail, or re-sit) were obtained from University records. Pearson correlations were conducted between total MT, achievement, and progression. Linear regression tested relations between MT subscales and achievement, while two-way ANOVA tested for gender differences in MT, and between students who passed, failed, or had to re-sit. Methods: First-year sports students (n = 161) at a UK University completed the MTQ48 and gave permission for data to be used concerning academic results. Ethical approval was obtained from the University. Results: Total MT and achievement were significantly and positively related (r = .31, p <.01). Linear regression analysis found life control and interpersonal confidence to be significant predictors accounting for 12% of the variance in achievement. Men reported higher MT than women, and students who passed had significantly higher levels of MT than those who failed (p <.01, d = 0.50). Conclusions: The MTQ48 may be a useful screening devise to identify students at risk of failing and dropping out of their program. Interventions that target life control and interpersonal confidence would appear to be most salient in aiding transition into higher education.
Qualia and mental causation in a physical world : themes from the philosophy of Jaegwon Kim

1. Reality and reduction: what's really at stake in the causal exclusion debate Louise Antony 2. Two property theories and the causal conundrum for physicalism Frank Jackson 3. Mental causation: the free lunch Barry Loewer 4. Does mental causation require psychophysical identities? Brian McLaughlin 5. The Canberra plan neglects ground Ned Block 6. Microrealization and the mental Sydney Shoemaker 7. Supervenience and the causal explanation of behavior Fred Dretske 8. Visual awareness and visual qualia Christopher Hill 9. Phenomenal externalism, Lolita, and the planet Xenon Michael Tye 10. Troubles for radical transparency James Van Cleve 11. How theories work: open questions for methodological philosophy of science Lawrence Sklar.
Traitement neurocognitif des émotions au cours du vieillissement : étude de l'"effet de positivité" et ses conséquences

Dans le vieillissement « sain », la preference pour les stimuli positifs augmente par rapport aux stimuli negatifs. Ce phenomene est appele « effet de positivite » et peut etre observe au niveau comportemental et cerebral. L'objectif principal de cette these a ete de caracteriser les effets de l'âge sur les traitements emotionnels afin d'ameliorer notre comprehension des effets de positivite. L'objectif sous-jacent a ete d'evaluer dans quelles conditions ces effets peuvent conduire a une plus grande vulnerabilite des personnes âgees face a des situations menacantes. Une premiere etude en electroencephalographie a revele que l'engagement attentionnel pour des scenes naturelles negatives diminue avec l'âge quel que soit leur niveau d'activation dans une tâche de categorisation affective. A l'inverse, ce dernier reste inchange pour les situations positives, conduisant a une reduction des biais de negativite. Une deuxieme etude en electroencephalographie, dont le paradigme etait similaire a la premiere etude, a mis en evidence que les biais de negativite restent preserves avec l'âge lorsque l'evaluation des scenes s'effectue sur la dimension de « tendance a l'action ». Une troisieme etude revele que l'attention volontaire sur les situations d'interet des personnes âgees (positives) et sur les processus d'evaluation modules par l'âge est necessaire a l'emergence des effets de positivite. Parallelement a ces travaux, une methodologie innovante est proposee pour la classification d'etats emotionnels des personnes jeunes et âgees sur la base de leurs signaux electroencephalographiques. Nous avons obtenu des resultats encourageants qui suggerent la possibilite cette methode pour implementer des interfaces cerveau-machine pour proteger les personnes âgees d'une eventuelle vulnerabilite en raison des effets de positivite. L'ensemble de ces travaux suggerent que les effets de positivite sont les consequences de changements sur le plan motivationnel de l'individu âge, touchant principalement les processus d'evaluation emotionnel. La personne âgee regulerait ses emotions et diminuerait l'impact des emotions negatives lorsque d'autres motivations plus prioritaires sont absentes.
Targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer: emerging oncogene targets following the success of epidermal growth factor receptor.

The diagnostic testing, treatment and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has undergone a paradigm shift since the discovery of sensitizing mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in a subset of NSCLC patients. Several additional oncogenic mutations, including gene fusions and amplifications, have since been discovered, with a number of drugs that target each specific oncogene. This review focuses on oncogenes in NSCLC other than EGFR and their companion "targeted therapies. " Particular emphasis is placed on the role of ALK, ROS1, RET, MET, BRAF, and HER2 in NSCLC.
Denoising of Hyperspectral Images Using Nonconvex Low Rank Matrix Approximation

Hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising is challenging not only because of the difficulty in preserving both spectral and spatial structures simultaneously, but also due to the requirement of removing various noises, which are often mixed together. In this paper, we present a nonconvex low rank matrix approximation (NonLRMA) model and the corresponding HSI denoising method by reformulating the approximation problem using nonconvex regularizer instead of the traditional nuclear norm, resulting in a tighter approximation of the original sparsity-regularised rank function. NonLRMA aims to decompose the degraded HSI, represented in the form of a matrix, into a low rank component and a sparse term with a more robust and less biased formulation. In addition, we develop an iterative algorithm based on the augmented Lagrangian multipliers method and derive the closed-form solution of the resulting subproblems benefiting from the special property of the nonconvex surrogate function. We prove that our iterative optimization converges easily. Extensive experiments on both simulated and real HSIs indicate that our approach can not only suppress noise in both severely and slightly noised bands but also preserve large-scale image structures and small-scale details well. Comparisons against state-of-the-art LRMA-based HSI denoising approaches show our superior performance.
2 Deletion in Patients with Conotruncal Heart Defect and del 22 q Syndrome Phenotype

Results: Cytogenetic analysis by G-banding revealed a normal karyotype in all patients except one who presented a 47,XX,+idic(22)(q11.2) karyotype. Using molecular techniques, a deletion was observed in 25% of the patients, all exhibiting a 22q11.2 deletion syndrome phenotype. In none of the cases the deletion was inherited from the parents. The frequency of 22q11.2 deletion was higher in patients with the clinical spectrum of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome than in patients with isolated conotruncal heart defect.
Visualization beyond the Desktop--the Next Big Thing

Visualization is coming of age. With visual depictions being seamlessly integrated into documents, and data visualization techniques being used to understand increasingly large and complex datasets, the term "visualization"' is becoming used in everyday conversations. But we are on a cusp; visualization researchers need to develop and adapt to today's new devices and tomorrow's technology. Today, people interact with visual depictions through a mouse. Tomorrow, they'll be touching, swiping, grasping, feeling, hearing, smelling, and even tasting data. The next big thing is multisensory visualization that goes beyond the desktop.
COULD PARENTAL RULES PLAY A ROLE IN THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SHORT SLEEP AND OBESITY IN YOUNG CHILDREN?

Summary Short sleep duration is associated with obesity in young children. This study develops the hypothesis that parental rules play a role in this association. Participants were 3-year-old children and their parents, recruited at nursery schools in socioeconomically deprived and non-deprived areas of a North-East England town. Parents were interviewed to assess their use of sleep, television-viewing and dietary rules, and given diaries to document their child's sleep for 4 days/5 nights. Children were measured for height, weight, waist circumference and triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses. One-hundred and eight families participated (84 with complete sleep data and 96 with complete body composition data). Parental rules were significantly associated together, were associated with longer night-time sleep and were more prevalent in the non-deprived-area compared with the deprived-area group. Television-viewing and dietary rules were associated with leaner body composition. Parental rules may in part confound the association between night-time sleep duration and obesity in young children, as rules cluster together across behavioural domains and are associated with both sleep duration and body composition. This hypothesis should be tested rigorously in large representative samples.
A top-down view of the tumor microenvironment: structure, cells and signaling

It is well established that the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to cancer progression. Stromal cells can be divided into mesenchymal, vascular, and immune. Signaling molecules secreted by the tumor corrupts these cells to create “activated” stroma. Equally, the extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to tumor development and invasion by forming a biologically active scaffold. In this review we describe the key structural, cellular and signaling components of the TME with a perspective on stromal soluble factors and microRNAs (miRNAs).
Diversity of Survival Patterns among Escherichia coli O157:H7 Genotypes Subjected to Food-Related Stress Conditions

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the resistance patterns to food-related stresses of Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains belonging to specific genotypes. A total of 33 E. coli O157:H7 strains were exposed to seven different stress conditions acting as potential selective pressures affecting the transmission of E. coli O157:H7 to humans through the food chain. These stress conditions included cold, oxidative, osmotic, acid, heat, freeze-thaw, and starvation stresses. The genotypes used for comparison included lineage-specific polymorphism, Shiga-toxin-encoding bacteriophage insertion sites, clade type, tir (A255T) polymorphism, Shiga toxin 2 subtype, and antiterminator Q gene allele. Bacterial resistance to different stressors was calculated by determining D-values (times required for inactivation of 90% of the bacterial population), which were then subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. In addition, a relative stress resistance value, integrating resistance values to all tested stressors, was calculated for each bacterial strain and allowed for a ranking-type classification of E. coli O157:H7 strains according to their environmental robustness. Lineage I/II strains were found to be significantly more resistant to acid, cold, and starvation stress than lineage II strains. Similarly, tir (255T) and clade 8 encoding strains were significantly more resistant to acid, heat, cold, and starvation stress than tir (255A) and non-clade 8 strains. Principal component analysis, which allows grouping of strains with similar stress survival characteristics, separated strains of lineage I and I/II from strains of lineage II, which in general showed reduced survival abilities. Results obtained suggest that lineage I/II, tir (255T), and clade 8 strains, which have been previously reported to be more frequently associated with human disease cases, have greater multiple stress resistance than strains of other genotypes. The results from this study provide a better insight into how selective pressures encountered through the food chain may play a role in the epidemiology of STEC O157:H7 through controlling the transmission of highly adapted strains to humans.
WAKEY: Assisting Parent-child Communication for Better Morning Routines

Parent-child communication is an essential element in behavioral and character development in early childhood; however, parents may find it difficult to be aware of how they talk to their children. Through extensive field studies with experts and parents, we found that parents are more likely to experience communication conflict with preschool children (3-6 years old) on school mornings. In consultation with domain professionals and families, we designed WAKEY, a technology-based approach that helps parents use better communication strategies to teach preschool children to carry out their morning routines. Following the intervention with WAKEY, parents reported significantly reduced levels of frustration during morning routines and greater independent behavior by children. Furthermore, parents reported experiencing changes in their parenting attitudes and finding new insights into communication.
Nutritional status of children admitted to hospital with different diseases and its relationship to outcome in The Gambia, West Africa

Admission records from two paediatric units in The Gambia were used to explore the relationship between admission weight and different diseases. In total 13579 hospitalized children were analysed. For comparison, 7399 children were recruited from several surveys of well subjects to provide anthropometric values for healthy Gambian children. Compared to the control children, mean admission weights were lower for malaria (weight for age z‐score: − 1.602), cerebral malaria (− 1.547), transfused malarial anaemia (− 1.764), pneumonia (− 1.725), meningitis (− 1.362), gastro‐enteritis (− 2.497) and malnutrition (− 3.786). Children with bronchiolitis did not have a significantly different weight for age than the controls. Outcome of the hospital admission was recorded and related to the weight on admission. In all disease categories the death rate rose with decreasing admission weight with the exception of bronchiolitis. For all diseases taken together, case fatality was 7.2% for children with a weight for age z‐score above – 2 Standard Deviations (SD), 9.3% between − 2 and − 3 SD, 15.6% between − 3 and − 4 SD and 22.7% for children with weight for age SD z‐scores less than – 4. Malnourished children are more susceptible to several infectious diseases frequently seen in developing countries and nutritional interventions, as well as standard treatment, may improve outcome.
Gd5(Si,Ge)4 thin film displaying large magnetocaloric and strain effects due to magnetostructural transition

Magnetic refrigeration based on the magnetocaloric effect is one of the best alternatives to compete with vapor-compression technology. Despite being already in its technology transfer stage, there is still room for optimization, namely, on the magnetic responses of the magnetocaloric material. In parallel, the demand for different magnetostrictive materials has been greatly enhanced due to the wide and innovative range of technologies that emerged in the last years (from structural evaluation to straintronics fields). In particular, the Gd5(SixGe1−x)4 compounds are a family of well-known alloys that present both giant magnetocaloric and colossal magnetostriction effects. Despite their remarkable properties, very few reports have been dedicated to the nanostructuring of these materials: here, we report a ∼800 nm Gd5Si2.7Ge1. 3 thin film. The magnetic and structural investigation revealed that the film undergoes a first order magnetostructural transition and as a consequence exhibits large magnetocaloric ef.
Constrained Fairing for Meshes

In this paper, we present a novel fairing algorithm for the removal of noise from uniform triangular meshes without shrinkage and serious distortion. The key feature of this algorithm is to keep all triangle centers invariant at each smoothing step by including some constraints in the energy minimization functional. The constrained functional is then minimized efficiently using an iterative method. Further, we apply this smoothing technique to a multiresolution representation to remove arbitrary levels of detail. A volume‐preserving decimation algorithm is presented to generate the multiresolution representation. The experimental results demonstrate the combined algorithm's stability and efficiency.
The Influence of Trauma Type and Timing on PTSD Symptoms

Abstract Although it is well known that different trauma histories can uniquely affect subsequent trauma-related symptoms, this is the first study to evaluate individual posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) in relation to trauma type and timing. This cross-sectional study surveyed a consecutive sample of mental health outpatients (n = 602), using regression to estimate associations between DSM-5 PTSSs and demographics, several trauma types, and age at first trauma in those with trauma (n = 367). Combat and sexual trauma were associated with worse total PTSS severity. Combat was significantly associated with arousal and intrusions (especially physical symptoms), sexual trauma with conscious avoidance and negative cognitions/mood (especially amnesia, an unconscious avoidance symptom), and physical assault with blame. Interpersonal traumas were the most common first traumas experienced, but age at first trauma was not significantly associated with PTSS severity. We discuss potential explanations and implications of these findings.