Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterizing temporary hydrological regimes at a European scale

Monthly duration curves have been constructed from climate data across Europe to help address the relative frequency of ecologically critical low flow stages in temporary rivers, when flow persists only in disconnected pools in the river bed. The hydrological model is 5 based on a partitioning of precipitation to estimate water available for evapotranspiration and plant growth and for residual runoff. The duration curve for monthly flows has then been analysed to give an estimate of bankfull flow based on recurrence interval. The corresponding frequency for pools is then based on the ratio of bank full discharge to pool flow, arguing from observed ratios of cross-sectional areas at flood 10 and low flows to estimate pool flow as 0.1% of bankfull flow, and so estimate the frequency of the pool conditions that constrain survival of river-dwelling arthropods and fish. The methodology has been applied across Europe at 15 km resolution, and can equally be applied under future climatic scenarios.
Porosity and permeability development in compacting chalks during flooding of nonequilibrium brines: Insights from long‐term experiment

We report the complete chemical alteration of a Liège outcrop chalk core resulting from a 1072 flow‐through experiment performed during mechanical compaction at 130°C. Chemical rock‐fluid interactions alter the volumetric strain, porosity, and permeability in a nontrivial way. The porosity reduced only from 41.32% to 40.14%, even though the plug compacted more than 25%. We present a novel analysis of the experimental data, which demonstrates that the geochemical alteration does not conserve the volume of the solids, and therefore, the strain is partitioned additively into a pore volume and solid volume component. At stresses beyond yield, the observed deformation can be explained by grain reorganization reducing the pore space between grains and solid volume changes from the rock‐fluid interactions. The mechanical and chemical effects are discussed in relation to the observed permeability development.
A genome-wide survey over the ChIP-on-chip identified androgen receptor binding genomic regions identifies a novel prostate cancer susceptibility locus at 12q13.13

Title : Novel PCa susceptibility locus at 12q13.13 analysis was performed to reduce the spurious association results by adjusting for the top five eigenvectors that were estimated using EIGENSOFT software(30). Results from multiple case-control populations were combined using a Mantel-Haenszel model in which the populations were allowed to have different population frequencies for alleles but were assumed to have a common OR. The homogeneity of ORs among different study populations was tested using Breslow-Day chi-square test. SNP-SNP interactions were tested by including both SNPs and an interaction term (product of two SNPs) in a logistic regression model. An additive genetic model was used in the analysis.
Year-to-year blooming phenology observation using time-lapse digital camera images

Long-term continuous phenological observation of cherry tree blooming is an important and challenging task in the evaluation of year-to-year weather and climate changes in spring in Japan. Here, (1) we performed daily field observations with a time-lapse digital camera in a deciduous broad-leaved forest in Japan from January 2004 to December 2013; and (2) we detected year-to-year variations in the blooming phenology of Prunus sargentii by visual inspection of the images and by image analysis. We found that (1) the red digital numbers (i.e., the digital intensity values of the red pixels; DNR) extracted from the time-lapse digital camera images tended to peak in full bloom; and (2) the green excess index (GEI) (based on the red, green, and blue digital numbers) tended to be lowest in full bloom. These results indicate that DNR and GEI are useful for detecting the timing of full bloom in P. sargentii.
Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models for Tra�c Flow Prediction: A Survey

Tra�c congestion is one of the problems for cities around the world due to the rapid increasing of vehicles in urbanization. Tra�c �ow prediction is of a great importance for Intelligent Transport System (ITS) which helps to optimize the tra�c regulation of a transportation in the city. Nowadays, several researches have been studied so far on tra�c �ow prediction, accurate prediction has not yet been exploited by most of existing studies due to the impact of inability to effectively deal with spatial temporal features of the times series data. Tra�c information in transportation system will also be affected by different factors. In this research we intended to study various models for Tra�c �ow prediction on the basis machine learning and deep learning approaches. Factors affecting the performance of tra�c �ow prediction intensity are studied as well. Benchmark performance evaluation metrics are also reviewed. Generally, this manuscript covers relevant methods and approaches, review the state-of-art works with respect to different tra�c �ow prediction technique help researchers in exploring future directions so as to realize robust tra�c �ow prediction. bench mark performance Various machine learning and deep learning models for been
Journal Pre-proof A differential effect of visual cortex tDCS on reading of English and Chinese in patients with central vision loss

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Magnetic and diffuse reflectance spectroscopic characterization of iron oxides in the tidal flat sequence from the coastal plain of Jiangsu Province, China

In this paper, we present the results of research on a coastal lowland Holocene tidal ﬂat sequence in order to explore the variations in magnetic mineralogy during the process of tidal ﬂat sedimentation and subsequent land formation. Three cores ( ∼ 6 m in length) were collected from the coastal plain in Jiangsu Province, China, and investigated with magnetic measurements, diffuse reﬂectance spectroscopy (DRS) and free iron oxide (Fe d ) analyses. The tidal ﬂat sequence shows a ﬁning-upward trend, and the top ∼ 2 m of each core with redoximorphic feature was interpreted to be a salt marsh facies in origin. Unmixing of isothermal remanent magnetization acquisition curves identify magnetite and maghemite as well as high-coercivity hematite and goethite, with the latter iron oxides conﬁrmed by DRS analysis. Enrichment of goethite, hematite and maghemite occurs in the salt marsh deposits in comparison to the lower intertidal and subtidal deposits, with goethite being the dominant iron oxide. The changes in hard isothermal remanent magnetization acquired in ﬁeld above 100 mT ﬁeld (HIRM 100 ) and the S –100 ratio largely reﬂect the presence of medium-coercivity maghemite in absolute content and relative proportions, respectively. The approach used for iron oxide characterization may offer an efﬁcient diagnostic tool for recognizing sediments or soils subjected to redox condition oscillation elsewhere and contribute to studies of iron cycling in (palaeo-)environmental researches.
Measurement of the inclusive and differential WZ production cross sections, polarization angles, and triple gauge couplings in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

The associated production of a W and a Z boson is studied in final states with multiple leptons produced in proton-proton (pp) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV using 137 fb−1 of data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. A measurement of the total inclusive production cross section yields σtot(pp → WZ) = 50.6± 0.8 (stat)± 1.5 (syst)± 1.1 (lumi)± 0.5 (theo) pb. Measurements of the fiducial and differential cross sections for several key observables are also performed in all the final-state lepton flavour and charge compositions with a total of three charged leptons, which can be electrons or muons. All results are compared with theoretical predictions computed up to next-to-next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics plus next-to-leading order in electroweak theory and for various sets of parton distribution functions. The results include direct measurements of the charge asymmetry and the W and Z vector boson polarization. The first observation of longitudinally polarized W bosons in WZ production is reported. Anomalous gauge couplings are searched for, leading to new constraints on beyond-the-standard-model contributions to the WZ triple gauge coupling. Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics © 2021 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. CC-BY-4.0 license *See Appendix A for the list of collaboration members ar X iv :2 11 0. 11 23 1v 1 [ he pex ] 2 1 O ct 2 02 1
Rodriguez, Darwin, Amsterdam, ..., A second type of Hotspot Island

Darwin and Wolf Islands are about 200 km north of the main group of Galapagos Islands and are aligned on a 315° trend. Rodriguez Island is on a long 090° trending ridge about 900 km east of Reunion Island. These trends are very different from the fracture zone or hotspot trends in these areas. The Reykjanes ridge has been interpreted as the result of channeled asthenosphere flow from the Iceland hotspot (which produces new asthenosphere) down the rise axis (where asthenosphere is converted into lithosphere). We propose similar channeling for hotspots not exactly on a rise crest—a ‘pipeline’ from a hotspot to a nearby rise crest, with this second type of island forming at the intersection of the rise and pipeline. Predicted trends for these features may be found by vector addition of the absolute motion of a plate over a hotspot and the relative motion of a rise crest away from a plate.
The development and evaluation of a smartphone app for promoting oral health behavior and oral hygiene in adolescent orthodontic patients

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
Robust data storage in DNA by de Bruijn graph-based decoding

Data storage in DNA, which store information in polymers, is a potential technology with high density and long-term features. However, the indels, strand rearrangements, and strand breaks that emerged during synthesis, amplification, sequencing, and storage of DNA molecules need to be handled. Here, we report a de Bruijn graph-based, greedy path search algorithm (DBG-GPS), which can efficiently handle all these issues by efficient reconstruction of the DNA strands. DBG-GPS achieves accurate data recovery with low-quality, deep error-prone PCR products, and accelerated aged DNA samples (solution, 70℃ for two weeks). The robustness of DBG-GPS was verified with 100 times of multiple retrievals using PCR products with massive unspecific amplifications. Moreover, DBG-GPS shows linear decoding complexity and more than 100 times faster than the multiple alignment-based methods, indicating a suitable solution for large-scale data storage.
MIT Open Access

One of the major challenges in the development of targeted nanoparticles (NPs) for cancer therapy is to discover targeting ligands that allow for differential binding and uptake by the target cancer cells. Using prostate cancer (PCa) as a model disease, we developed a cell-uptake selection strategy to isolate PCa-specific internalizing 2'-Omethyl RNA aptamers (Apts) for NP incorporation. Twelve cycles of selection and counter-selection were done to obtain a panel of internalizing Apts, which can distinguish PCa cells from non-prostate and normal prostate cells. After Apt characterization, size minimization, and conjugation of the Apts with fluorescently-labeled polymeric NPs, the NP-Apt bioconjugates exhibit PCa specificity and enhancement in cellular uptake when compared to non-targeted NPs lacking the internalizing Apts. Furthermore, when docetaxel, a chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of PCa, was encapsulated within the NP-Apt, a significant improvement in cytotoxicity was achieved in targeted PCa cells. Rather than isolating high-affinity Apts as reported in previous selection processes, our selection strategy was designed to enrich cancer-cell specific internalizing Apts. A similar cell-uptake selection strategy may be used to develop specific internalizing ligands for a myriad of other diseases and can potentially facilitate delivering various molecules, including drugs and siRNAs, into cells.
The effect of financial incentives on the retention of shortage-subject teachers: evidence from England

School systems often experience shortages of maths and science teachers, reflecting difficulties in both recruiting and retaining people qualified to teach these subjects. In England, teachers with maths and science degrees face a higher outside pay ratio than other teachers and also tend to leave the profession at higher rates. We evaluate a policy aimed at improving retention by providing targeted uplifts in pay worth 8% of gross salary for early-career maths and physics teachers. Leveraging variation in eligibility across time, regions and school subjects, we find that eligible teachers are 23% less likely to leave teaching in state funded schools in years they were eligible for payments. This implies a pay-elasticity-of-exit of -3, which is similar to results from evaluations of similar policies in the United States. Our analysis suggests that the cost per additional teacher retained through the policy is 32% lower than training an equivalent replacement teacher. Taken together, these results suggest that persistent shortages of maths and science teachers can be reduced through targeted pay supplement policies.
An integrated model system for coastal flood prediction with a case history for Walcott, UK, on 9th November 2007

Citation for published version: Stansby, PK, Chini, N, Apsley, D, Borthwick, A, Bricheno, L, Horillo-Caraballo, J, McCabe, M, Reeve, D, Rogers, B, Saulter, A, Scott, A, Wilson, C, Wolf, J & Yan, K 2012, 'An integrated model system for coastal flood prediction with a case history for Walcott, UK, on 9th November 2007', Journal of Flood Risk Management, vol. 6, pp. 229-252. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12001
Decadal North Pacific sea surface temperature variability and the associated global climate anomalies in a coupled general circulation model

[1] We explore the characteristics of decadal North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) variability along with its relationship to global climate variations based on the analysis of a long-term coupled model simulation (300 years). Two key regions of North Pacific decadal variability, i.e., the western North Pacific (WNP) and central North Pacific (CNP) SST variability, are defined. While the global atmospheric patterns associated with decadal WNP variability are localized around east Asia and the western North Pacific, those of decadal CNP variability have both a local and a remote manifestation. The midlatitude response to decadal CNP variability is examined on the basis of El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability on interannual and decadal timescales. Decadal CNP variability can destructively or constructively interfere with the midlatitude response to interannual ENSO variability.
Unlocking entrepreneurial capabilities: developing rural entrepreneurs using social constructs in the Zambezi Valley of Zimbabwe

This research was conducted at the request of the management of a consortium of small agrobusinesses situated in the Zambezi Valley of Zimbabwe. The consortium, which we will refer to as the Association, is made up of more than 500 rural small-scale farmers and villagers of whom 70% are women. The Association has hardware/retail outlets, a fleet of trucks and tractors for tillage and produce haulage, interests in a fishing rig on the Zambezi River/Kariba Dam, and a conference facility. The Association employs 90 people fulltime and reaches an additional 500 to 1000 who are indirectly associated with its activities. This research was written at the request of the Association, which wanted to know the competencies the organization would require to accomplish its goals of poverty alleviation, food security, and improvement in the quality of life of the residents of the Zambezi Valley.
Calculation of the refractive index of silicate glasses from chemical composition

The prediction of refractive index from silicate analyses increases the scope of Mathews9 arc fusion method for the determination of fine-grained igneous rocks. This is possible by replacing the specific gravity factor in the classical Larsen (Gladstone) equation by a set of empirically derived coefficients for the major oxides. This yields the new equation where ( n ) is the refractive index, ( n − 1) the refractivity, and (W.F.) the weight fraction of the oxides present. Calculations of ( n − 1) values for test samples are precise to ± 0.007 which is about the same as the estimated error at source due to in-homogeneities in the prepared glass. The refractive index of rock glass is a measure of basicity that provides a ready means of linking microscope observations with chemical composition to assist classification, petrological interpretation, and mapping of volcanic or other aphanitic igneous rocks.
Multi-stage evolution of the Tertiary Mineoka ophiolite, Japan: new geochemical and age constraints

Abstract The Mineoka ophiolite in the southern Boso Peninsula is situated in a unique tectonic setting in the collisional zone between the Izu and Honshu arcs in Japan. The ophiolitic rocks are composed mainly of tholeiitic pillow basalts and dolerites, alkali-basaltic sheet flows, and calc-alkaline dioritic to gabbroic rocks. The tholeiitic basalts show variable trace element compositions ranging from mid-ocean ridge basalt to island-arc basalt, whereas the alkali-basalts have a within-plate affinity. High-Fe and -Ti tholeiitic basalt and within-plate alkali-basalt have Ar/Ar ages of 49 ± 13 Ma and 19.62 ± 0.90 Ma, respectively. Three plutonic rocks have K-Ar ages of c. 25, 35 and 40 Ma. These ages are inconsistent with the known ages from the Pacific or Philippine Sea Plate. We infer that the Mineoka ophiolitic assemblage was part of another Tertiary oceanic plate, the ‘Mineoka Plate’, which underwent island-arc volcanism in the Miocene as a result of subduction initiation at a fracture zone or a transform fault system due to a change in the position of the Euler rotation pole of the Pacific Plate at c. 43 Ma. Eruption of within-plate type alkali basalts on the Mineoka Plate took place near the palaeo-Japan continental arc just before the emplacement of the Mineoka ophiolite into the Japanese continental margin.
High-resolution crystal structures of ribosome-bound chloramphenicol and erythromycin provide the ultimate basis for their competition

The 70S ribosome is a major target for antibacterial drugs. Two of the classical antibiotics, chloramphenicol (CHL) and erythromycin (ERY), competitively bind to adjacent but separate sites on the bacterial ribosome: the catalytic peptidyl transferase center (PTC) and the nascent polypeptide exit tunnel (NPET), respectively. The previously reported competitive binding of CHL and ERY might be due either to a direct collision of the two drugs on the ribosome or due to a drug-induced allosteric effect. Because of the resolution limitations, the available structures of these antibiotics in complex with bacterial ribosomes do not allow us to discriminate between these two possible mechanisms. In this work, we have obtained two crystal structures of CHL and ERY in complex with the Thermus thermophilus 70S ribosome at a higher resolution (2.65 and 2.89 Å, respectively) allowing unambiguous placement of the drugs in the electron density maps. Our structures provide evidence of the direct collision of CHL and ERY on the ribosome, which rationalizes the observed competition between the two drugs.
Fission track analysis reveals character of collisional tectonics in New Zealand

During the late Cenozoic, the Pacific plate has been obliquely converging with the Australia plate in South Island, New Zealand. This has resulted in westward obduction of continental crust of the Pacific plate, and consequently, a major mountain range, the Southern Alps, has formed east of the Alpine fault and within the leading edge of the Pacific plate. We have applied the apatite and zircon fission track dating technique to a suite of outcrop samples from three transects across the Southern Alps, starting at the Alpine fault, to better understand the uplift age and structure of the continental collision. The results show the following: (1) Uplift was underway at 7 Ma in the south at Haast Pass and by 5 Ma in the north at Arthur's Pass. (2) Profiles of the total amount of late Cenozoic uplift show an exponential increase toward the Alpine fault. Adjacent to the Alpine fault there has been 14.5 to 21.5 km of uplift in the vicinity of Haast Pass, 14.5 to 21 km near Mt Cook, and 12.5 to 15.5 km in the Arthur's Pass transect. Adjacent to the Alpine fault in the Mount Cook region the average uplift rate from ∼5.5 Ma to ∼1 Ma was 2.3 to 2.5 mm/yr; between ∼1 Ma and the present it has averaged 6.2 mm/yr. The strongly asymmetric uplift pattern is responsible for the exposure of a 13–25 km wide belt of greenschist to midamphibolite facies rocks immediately east of the Alpine fault known as the Alpine schists. (3) Late Cenozoic uplift of Torlesse greywackes and Alpine schists was preceeded during the Jurassic-early Cretaceous by 5–8 km of uplift. The Otago schist belt to the south was uplifted much more during this interval, and in addition, western parts of the Otago schists were uplifted 5–6 km during the late Cretaceous. (4) The fission track data do not support the notion of significant late Cenozoic shear heating about the Alpine fault, as previously suggested from spatial variations in K-Ar ages of the Otago and Alpine schists.