Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intimate Partner Violence and Electronic Health Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a major public health concern. eHealth interventions may reduce exposure to violence and health-related consequences as the technology provides a safe and flexible space for the target population. However, the evidence is unclear. OBJECTIVE The goal of the review is to examine the effect of eHealth interventions compared with standard care on reducing IPV, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among women exposed to IPV. METHODS We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycInfo, Scopus, Global Health Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for published and unpublished trials from inception until April 2019. Trials with an eHealth intervention targeting women exposed to violence were included. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Trials that reported effect estimates on overall IPV; physical, sexual, and psychological violence; depression; or posttraumatic stress disorder were included in meta-analyses. RESULTS A total of 14 trials were included in the review; 8 published trials, 3 unpublished trials and 3 ongoing trials. Of the 8 published trials, 2 were judged as overall low risk of bias trials. The trials reported 23 types of outcomes, and 7 of the trials had outcomes that were eligible for meta-analyses. Our pooled analyses found no effect of eHealth interventions on any of our prespecified outcomes: overall IPV (SMD –0.01; 95% CI –0.11 to 0.08; I2=0%; 5 trials, 1668 women); physical violence (SMD 0.01; 95% CI –0.22 to 0.24; I2=58%; 4 trials, 1128 women); psychological violence (SMD 0.07; 95% CI –0.12 to 0.25; I2=40%; 4 trials, 1129 women); sexual violence (MD 0.36; 95% CI –0.18 to 0.91; I2=0%; 2 trials, 1029 women); depression (SMD –0.13; 95% CI –0.37 to 0.11; I2=78%; 5 trials, 1600 women); and PTSD (MD –0.11; 95% CI –1.04 to 0.82; I2=0%; 5 trials, 1267 women). CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence from randomized trials of a beneficial effect of eHealth interventions on IPV. More high-quality trials are needed, and we recommend harmonizing outcome reporting in IPV trials by establishing core outcome sets. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42019130124; https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=130124
The relation of mixed‐layer net community production to phytoplankton community composition in the Southern Ocean

Surface ocean productivity mediates the transfer of carbon to the deep ocean and in the process regulates atmospheric CO2 levels. A common axiom in oceanography is that large phytoplankton contribute disproportionally to the transfer of carbon to the deep ocean because of their greater ability to escape grazing pressure, build biomass, and sink. In the present study, we assessed the relationship of net community production to phytoplankton assemblages and plankton size distribution in the Sub‐Antarctic Zone and northern reaches of the Polar Frontal Zone in the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean. We reanalyzed and synthesized previously published estimates of O2/Ar net community oxygen production (NCP) and triple‐O2 isotopes gross primary oxygen production (GPP) along with microscopic and pigment analyses of the microbial community. Overall, we found that the axiom that large phytoplankton drive carbon export was not supported in this region. Mixed‐layer‐depth‐integrated NCP was correlated to particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration in the mixed layer. While lower NCP/GPP and NCP/POC values were generally associated with communities dominated by smaller plankton size (as would be expected), these communities did not preclude high values for both properties. Vigorous NCP in some regions occurred in the virtual absence of large phytoplankton (and specifically diatoms) and in communities dominated by nanoplankton and picoplankton. We also observed a positive correlation between NCP and the proportion of the phytoplankton community grazed by microheterotrophs, supporting the mediating role of grazers in carbon export. The novel combination of techniques allowed us to determine how NCP relates to upper ocean ecosystem characteristics and may lead to improved models of carbon export.
The role of built environment characteristics and residential self-selection on car use and active travel

Robust correlations between several built environment characteristics and travel mode choice have been established in the travel behavior literature. However, the majority of the studies have not taken into account the possible confounding role of travel-related attitudes and preferences, i.e. a hypothesis also known as residential self-selection. Omitting the possibility that residents may choose their residential location based on travel attitudes and preferences may exaggerate the effect of the built environment on travel behavior. Consequently, this may lead to flawed estimations of the impact of landuse policies on travel. This thesis investigates the relationship between built environment characteristics, travel attitudes, and travel behavior in the Finnish context. The aim is to examine, to what extent are built environment and attitudes associated with car use, walking, and cycling. The data was collected in early 2020 from residents in the Turku region with an online survey. In total 472 responses were eligible for this study. The research methods include factor and cluster analyses, statistical tests, and multiple linear regression models. According to the results, both built environment characteristics, measured by an aggregate measure urban zone of residence, and travel-related attitudes and preferences are related to differences in car use, walking, and cycling. However, living in an intensive transit zone was found to have an independent negative association with car use and a positive association with walking once the attitudes and socio-demographics were accounted for. For cycling, such associations were not found. In addition, car ownership is positively associated with car use and negatively associated with walking and cycling. The results indicate, that living in an intensive transit zone is likely to increase walking and decrease car use even among those residents, who have car-oriented attitudes and preferences. Furthermore, a positive attitude towards sustainable modes of travel is likely to increase levels of active transportation in all kinds of urban zones. These results highlight the need for land use and transportation policies and measures, which enable more people to live in intensive transit zones, and target changing residents’ attitudes towards sustainable modes of travel.
Comparing linear and bilinear models on water level for the Kelantan River in Malaysia

Slirveyed from 160 time series data used in scientific articles concluded that 10-13% of them were generated by the nonlinear process. Several nonlinear models are available but only the bilinear model will be considered here. The bilinear model is basically an extension of the linear model ARIMA. It was first introduced by control theorists in 1972 before it was documented by Granger and Anderson in 1978. The bilinear model is believed to be able to fit hydrological and meteorological data well. In this paper; the coefficients of a special case of bilinear model, BL(1,1,1,1), are estimated using nonlinear least squares method. Results of modeling the linear and bilinear models on water level data from the Kelantan river in Malaysia when compared and evaluated gave better fitting to the bilinear model
How to Reform the EU Budget? A Multidisciplinary Approach

The European Commission is currently drafting a proposal for a review of the EU budget, which could lead to its most significant reform to date. This paper proposes a method for restructuring the EU budget, based on a multidisciplinary approach. The insights of public sector economics, fiscal federalism, political science and the literature on the concept of â€œsubsidiarityâ€ are combined to assess which policies should be funded by the EU budget, and by how much. The resulting four complementary analyses are brought together into an eight-step chart, which is used to analyze in detail one area of policymaking - education policies â€“ to assess whether it should be funded by the EU budget. Extending the analysis to the budget as a whole, the paper finds that the EU budget should be shared into five areas, each corresponding to an EU objective: economic growth, sustainable development, convergence of the EU economies, external security and internal security.
Computational modeling interpretation underlying elevated risk-taking propensity in non-labor income

a CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology & Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. b Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. c School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China d The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100120, China † These authors contributed equally to this work
Visualization of large scale geologically related data in virtual 3D scenes with OpenGL

This paper demonstrates a method for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and visualization of large scale multidimensional surficial, geological and mine planning data with the programmable visualization environment OpenGL. A simulation system developed by the authors is presented for importing, filtering and visualizing of multidimensional geologically related data. The approach for the visual simulation of complicated mining engineering environment implemented in the system is described in detail. Aspects like presentations of multidimensional data with spatial dependence, navigation in the surficial and geological frame of reference and in time, interaction techniques are presented. The system supports real 3D landscape representations. Furthermore, the system provides many visualization methods for rendering multidimensional data within virtual 3D scenes and combines them with several navigation techniques. Real data derived from an iron mine in Wuhan City of China demonstrates the effectiveness and efficiency of the system. A case study with the results and benefits achieved by using real 3D representations and navigations of the system is given.
Atypical Rasmussen's Encephalitis

A three-year-old female patient was admitted to our institution due to subacute fever, intermittent vomiting, persistent bilateral mydriasis after cycloplegia, right central facial palsy, and mild right hemiparesis with hyperreflexia. Brain MRI shows encephalitis in frontal, parietal, insular, and left putamen course and loss of cortical volume and white matter of the entire left hemisphere which are features described in Rasmussen's encephalitis (RE). Therapy with intravenous methylprednisolone bolus was initiated, with adequate clinical response. We consider in this case the diagnosis of atypical RE by imaging criteria in the subacute stage. There are few reports of atypical RE without epilepsy or continuous partial epilepsy. Our purpose is to present a case of a patient with RE images without epilepsy seizures and review the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of RE.
Molecular diagnosis of 5 silkworm strains endemic to South Korea using single-nucleotide polymorphisms selected from whole-genome sequences

Abstract The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), often poses a challenge in strain identification due to similarities in morphology and genetic background. In South Korea, around 40 silkworm strains are classified as premium, including 5 endemic tri-molting strains: Goryeosammyeon, Sammyeonhonghoeback, Hansammyeon, Sun7ho, and Sandongsammyeon. These strains have potential for breeding programs in response to emerging industry demands, necessitating a reliable strain identification method. In this study, we established a molecular diagnosis approach for these 5 strains. We selected 2–4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for each strain from whole-genome sequences of 39 strains, encompassing 37 previously studied and 2 newly added. These SNPs were utilized to construct decision trees for each endemic strain identification. The SNPs can be used to distinguish each target strain from the 38 nontarget strains by the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction, with the exception of HMS which needs the addition of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method at the final step. This decision tree-based method using genomic SNPs, coupled with the 2 typing methods, produced consistent and accurate results, providing 100% accuracy. Additionally, the significant number of remaining SNPs identified in this study could be valuable for future diagnosis of the other strains.
Longitudinal analysis of serum-derived extracellular vesicle RNA to monitor dacomitinib treatment response in EGFR-amplified recurrent glioblastoma patients

Abstract Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and invasive brain tumor associated with high patient mortality. A large fraction of GBM tumors have been identified as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplified and ~50% also are EGFRvIII mutant positive. In a previously reported multicenter phase II study, we have described the response of recurrent GBM (rGBM) patients to dacomitinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). As a continuation of that report, we leverage the tumor cargo-encapsulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) and explore their genetic composition as carriers of tumor biomarker. Methods Serum samples were longitudinally collected from EGFR-amplified rGBM patients who clinically benefitted from dacomitinib therapy (responders) and those who did not (nonresponders), as well as from a healthy cohort of individuals. The serum EV transcriptome was evaluated to map the RNA biotype distribution and distinguish GBM disease. Results Using long RNA sequencing, we show enriched detection of over 10 000 coding RNAs from serum EVs. The EV transcriptome yielded a unique signature that facilitates differentiation of GBM patients from healthy donors. Further analysis revealed genetic enrichment that enables stratification of responders from nonresponders prior to dacomitinib treatment as well as following administration. Conclusion This study demonstrates that genetic composition analysis of serum EVs may aid in therapeutic stratification to identify patients with dacomitinib-responsive GBM.
Identifying the role of typhoons as drought busters in South Korea based on hidden Markov chain models

This study proposed a hidden Markov chain model‐based drought analysis (HMM‐DA) tool to understand the beginning and ending of meteorological drought and to further characterize typhoon‐induced drought busters (TDB) by exploring spatiotemporal drought patterns in South Korea. It was found that typhoons have played a dominant role in ending drought events (EDE) during the typhoon season (July–September) over the last four decades (1974–2013). The percentage of EDEs terminated by TDBs was about 43–90% mainly along coastal regions in South Korea. Furthermore, the TDBs, mainly during summer, have a positive role in managing extreme droughts during the subsequent autumn and spring seasons. The HMM‐DA models the temporal dependencies between drought states using Markov chain, consequently capturing the dependencies between droughts and typhoons well, thus, enabling a better performance in modeling spatiotemporal drought attributes compared to traditional methods.
Sensitivity of Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, to changes in ice-shelf and basal conditions: a model study

Abstract We use a finite-element model of coupled ice-stream/ice-shelf flow to study the sensitivity of Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica, to changes in ice-shelf and basal conditions. By tuning a softening coefficient of the ice along the glacier margins, and a basal friction coefficient controlling the distribution of basal shear stress underneath the ice stream, we are able to match model velocity to that observed with interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). We use the model to investigate the effect of small perturbations on ice flow. We find that a 5.5–13% reduction in our initial ice-shelf area increases the glacier velocity by 3.5–10% at the grounding line. The removal of the entire ice shelf increases the grounding-line velocity by > 70%. The changes in velocity associated with ice-shelf reduction are felt several tens of km inland. Alternatively, a 5% reduction in basal shear stress increases the glacier velocity by 13% at the grounding line. By contrast, softening of the glacier side margins would have to be increased a lot more to produce a comparable change in ice velocity. Hence, both the ice-shelf buttressing and the basal shear stress contribute significant resistance to the flow of Pine Island Glacier.
Scoping review and expert‐based consensus recommendations for assessment and management of psychogenic non‐epileptic (functional) seizures (PNES) in children: A report from the Pediatric Psychiatric Issues Task Force of the International League Against Epilepsy

Limited guidance exists regarding the assessment and management of psychogenic non‐epileptic seizures (PNES) in children. Our aim was to develop consensus‐based recommendations to fill this gap. The members of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Task Force on Pediatric Psychiatric Issues conducted a scoping review adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐SR) standards. This was supplemented with a Delphi process sent to pediatric PNES experts. Consensus was defined as ≥80% agreement. The systematic search identified 77 studies, the majority (55%) of which were retrospective (only one randomized clinical trial). The primary means of PNES identification was video electroencephalography (vEEG) in 84% of studies. Better outcome was associated with access to counseling/psychological intervention. Children with PNES have more frequent psychiatric disorders than controls. The Delphi resulted in 22 recommendations: Assessment—There was consensus on the importance of (1) taking a comprehensive developmental history; (2) obtaining a description of the events; (3) asking about potential stressors; (4) the need to use vEEG if available parent, self, and school reports and video recordings can contribute to a “probable” diagnosis; and (5) that invasive provocation techniques or deceit should not be employed. Management—There was consensus about the (1) need for a professional with expertise in epilepsy to remain involved for a period after PNES diagnosis; (2) provision of appropriate educational materials to the child and caregivers; and (3) that the decision on treatment modality for PNES in children should consider the child's age, cognitive ability, and family factors. Comorbidities—There was consensus that all children with PNES should be screened for mental health and neurodevelopmental difficulties. Recommendations to facilitate the assessment and management of PNES in children were developed. Future directions to fill knowledge gaps were proposed.
Assessing possible changes in flood frequency due to climate change in mid‐sized watersheds in New York State, USA

The frequency of flooding is often presumed to increase with climate change because of projected increases in rainfall intensities. In this paper, using 50‐plus years of historical discharge and meteorological data from three watersheds in different physiographic regions of New York State, USA, we find that annual maximum stream discharges are associated with 20% or less of the annual maximum rainfall events. Instead of rainfall events, approximately 20% of annual maximum stream discharges are associated with annual maximum snowmelt events while 60% of annual maximum discharges are associated with moderate rainfall amounts and very wet soil conditions.
SOURCE MODELING OF SUBDUCTION-ZONE EARTHQUAKES AND LONG-PERIOD GROUND MOTION VALIDATION IN THE TOKYO METROPOLITAN AREA

The national seismic hazard map of Japan indicates 30-year probability in the Tokyo metropolitan area to be controlled by megathrust earthquakes along the Nankai trough of the Philippine sea plate. This indicates that source modeling and realistic ground-motion prediction for distant subduction-zone earthquakes are quite important for disaster mitigation and hazard assessment in the Tokyo metropolitan area. We have performed long-period ground motion validation for the hypothetical Tokai (> 2 s) and Tonankai (> 4 s) earthquakes using characterized source models and integrated 3D velocity structure model. The characterized source model consists of asperities and background area. The size and slip of the asperities are constrained by the source scaling of asperities for subduction-zone earthquakes, where the scaling is based on the compilation of past slip inversion results. We adopted the 3D velocity structure models of basin, ocean, and plate constructed by integrating refraction, reflection, borehole, microtremor, and gravity data as well as ground motion spectra. The distribution of simulated long-period ground motions by the 3D finite difference method well reflects the velocity structures in the Kanto basin, and the oceanic structure with the sedimentary wedge which contributes to further propagation of the long-period ground motions. We have confirmed that long-period ground motions at a period of 7-10 s are significantly developed in the Kanto basin, indicating that the impact of damaging long-period ground motion from the future megathrust events against the Tokyo metropolitan area.
Effects of salt and protein intake on polyuria in V2RA-treated ADPKD patients

ABSTRACT Background The only treatment proven to be renoprotective in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist (V2RA). However, aquaresis-associated side effects limit tolerability. We investigated whether salt and/or protein intake influences urine volume and related endpoints in V2RA-treated ADPKD patients. Methods In this randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover trial, ADPKD patients treated with maximally tolerated dose of a V2RA were included. While on a low salt and low protein diet, patients were given additional salt and protein to mimic regular intake, which was subsequently replaced by placebo in random order during four 2-week periods. Primary endpoint was change in 24-h urine volume. Secondary endpoints were change in quality of life, measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR), blood pressure and copeptin level. Results Twelve patients (49 ± 8 years, 25.0% male) were included. Baseline salt and protein intake were 10.8 ± 1.3 g/24-h and 1.2 ± 0.2 g/kg/24-h, respectively. During the low salt and low protein treatment periods, intake decreased to 5.8 ± 1.6 g/24-h and 0.8 ± 0.1 g/kg/24-h, respectively. Baseline 24-h urine volume (5.9 ± 1.2 L) decreased to 5.2 ± 1.1 L (–11%, P = .004) on low salt and low protein, and to 5.4 ± 0.9 L (–8%, P = .04) on low salt. Reduction in 24-h urine volume was two times greater in patients with lower urine osmolality (–16% vs –7%). Polyuria quality of life scores improved in concordance with changes in urine volume. mGFR decreased during the low salt and low protein, while mean arterial pressure did not change during study periods. Plasma copeptin decreased significantly during low salt and low protein periods. Conclusion Lowering dietary salt and protein intake has a minor effect on urine volume in V2RA-treated ADPKD patients. Reduced intake of osmoles decreased copeptin concentrations and might thus increase the renoprotective effect of a V2RA in ADPKD patients.