Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Channel-Wise Bidirectional Representation Learning with Fixed-Point Positional Encoding for SoH Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery

5G is the fifth generation of cellular networks and has been used in a lot of different areas. 5G often requires sudden rises in power consumption. To stabilize the power supply, a 5G system requires a lithium-ion battery (LIB) or a mechanism called AC main modernization to provide energy support during the power peak periods. The LIB approach is the best option in terms of simplicity and maintainability. Moreover, a 5G system requires not only high-performance energy but also the ability of tracking and prediction. Therefore, the requirement for a smart power supply for lithium-ion batteries with temporal monitoring and estimation is highly desirable. In this paper, we focus on artificial intelligence (AI) improvements to increase the accuracy of LIB state-of-health prediction. By observing the SeqInSeq nature of the battery data, our approach uses self-attention and fixed-point positional encoding. We also take advantage of autoregression to archive the trainable dependency from a non-linear branch and a linear branch in creating the final output. Compared with the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) method, our experimental results show that we provide better accuracy, compared with the baseline output using the NASA and CALCE datasets. From the same setting, we archive a reduction of 20.08% root mean square error (RMSE) and 29.01% mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) on NASA loss, compared to the SOTA approaches. On CALCE, the numbers are a 5.99% RMSE and 12.59% MAPE decrement, which is significant.
Astrocytic aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates chronic kidney disease‐associated mental disorders involving GLT1 hypofunction and neuronal activity enhancement in the mouse brain

Chronic kidney disease (CKD)‐associated mental disorders have been attributed to the excessive accumulation of hemodialysis‐resistant indoxyl‐3‐sulfate (I3S) in the brain. I3S not only induces oxidative stress but is also a potent endogenous agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Here, we investigated the role of AhR in CKD‐induced brain disorders using a 5/6 nephrectomy‐induced CKD mouse model, which showed increased I3S concentration in both blood and brain, anxiety and impaired novelty recognition, and AhR activation in the anterior cortex. GFAP+ reactive astrocytes were increased accompanied with the reduction of glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) on perineuronal astrocytic processes (PAPs) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in CKD mice, and these alterations were attenuated in both neural lineage‐specific and astrocyte‐specific Ahr conditional knockout mice (nAhrCKO and aAhrCKO). By using chronic I3S treatment in primary astrocytes and glia‐neuron (GN) mix cultures to mimic the CKD brain microenvironment, we also found significant reduction of GLT1 expression and activity in an AhR‐dependent manner. Chronic I3S treatment induced AhR‐dependent pro‐oxidant Nox1 and AhR‐independent anti‐oxidant HO‐1 expressions. Notably, AhR mediates chronic I3S‐induced neuronal activity enhancement and synaptotoxicity in GN mix, not neuron‐enriched cortical culture. In CKD mice, neuronal activity enhancement was observed in ACC and hippocampal CA1, and these responses were abrogated by both nAhrCKO and aAhrCKO. Finally, intranasal AhR antagonist CH‐223191 administration significantly ameliorated the GLT1/PAPs reduction, increase in c‐Fos+ neurons, and memory impairment in the CKD mice. Thus, astrocytic AhR plays a crucial role in the CKD‐induced disturbance of neuron‐astrocyte interaction and mental disorders.
Frontal Plane Neurokinematic Mechanisms Stabilizing the Knee and the Pelvis during Unilateral Countermovement Jump in Young Trained Males

(1) The unilateral countermovement jump is commonly used to examine frontal plane kinetics during unilateral loading and to identify athletes with an increased risk of lower limb injuries. In the present study, we examined the biomechanical mechanisms of knee and pelvis stabilization during unilateral vertical jumps. (2) Healthy males performed jumps on a force plate with the dominant leg. Activity of the dominant-side gluteus medius and the contralateral-side quadratus lumborum and erector spinae muscles was recorded with surface EMG. The EMG data were normalized to the EMG activity recorded during maximal voluntary isometric hip abduction and lateral trunk flexion contractions. During jumps, the propulsive impulse was measured, and the pelvis and thigh segmental orientation angles in the frontal plane were recorded and synchronized with the EMG data. (3) The magnitude of knee valgus during the jump did not correlate with hip abduction force, but negatively correlated with gluteus medius activity. This correlation became stronger when gluteus medius activity was normalized to hip abduction force. Propulsive impulse did not correlate with any neuromechanical measurement. (4) We conclude that hip abduction force itself does not regulate the magnitude of knee valgus during unilateral jumps; rather, the gluteus medius should be highly activated to increase frontal-plane knee joint stability.
Swelling and Antimicrobial Activity Characterization of a GO-Reinforced Gelatin—Whey Hydrogel

Whey-based hydrogel samples with increasing concentrations of graphene oxide (GO) were studied, against a control sample (M), for swelling behavior in light of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mathematical models of the diffusion process and for antibacterial activity. Graphene oxide (GO) is an optimal filler for whey-based hydrogels, giving them improved mechanical and swelling properties at low concentrations. Crosslinking induces a certain stiffness of the hydrogels, which is why only the first part of the swelling process (<60%) follows the first-order model, while during the whole time interval, the swelling process follows the second-order diffusion model. The NMR relaxometry results are consistent with the swelling behavior of GO-reinforced whey–gelatin composite hydrogels, showing that higher GO concentrations induce a higher degree of cross-linking and, therefore, lower swelling capacity. Only hydrogel samples with higher GO concentrations demonstrated antibacterial activity.
Mapping Research Trends from 20 Years of Publications in Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation

This study aims to create an all-around insight into the evolutions, status, and global trends of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) research via enhanced bibliometric methods for the 2001–2020 time period. Articles concerning RAS were extracted from the Web of Science database. CiteSpace, Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and Graphpad Prism were employed to analyze publication patterns and research trends. A total of 586 publications related to RAS between 2001 and 2020 were retrieved from the Web of Science database. The researcher Goswami U. made the greatest contribution to this field. The University of Toronto was the institution that published the most articles. Motor dysfunction, sensory perception, and cognition are the three major domains of RAS research. Neural tracking, working memory, and neural basis may be the latest research frontiers. This study reveals the publication patterns and topic trends of RAS based on the records published between 2001 and 2020. The insights obtained provided useful references for the future research and applications of RAS.
Integrating Transformative Considerations and Quantitative Results Through a Participant Selection Joint Display in Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Studies

Integrating philosophical or paradigmatic dimensions in mixed methods research studies facilitates the development of stronger meta-inferences. The transformative paradigm and the explanatory sequential mixed methods design share a focus on developing sampling criteria, but with different priorities. This article contributes to the field of mixed methods research by presenting a method of integrating transformative sampling considerations in explanatory sequential designs through a participant selection joint display. The approach presented addresses concerns regarding transparency of research decisions in mixed methods studies, while providing a method of centering the transformative paradigm in mixed methods integration procedures.
Abdominal and lower extremity muscles activity and thickness in typically developing children and children with developmental delay

We investigated abdominal and lower extremity muscle activity and thickness in typically developing children and children with developmental delays. A total of 35 children participated: typically developing peers (n=13), children with hypotonia (n=10), and children with spasticity (n=12). Muscle activity and thickness were measured at rest and during activity. Electromyography was used to measure abdominal and lower extremity muscle activities, and abdominal muscle thickness was measured using ultrasonography. There was a significant difference between the groups in the activity of the rectus abdominis and quadriceps muscles at rest and during activity (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in the thickness of the external oblique and transversus abdominis muscles during activity (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in the thickness of the external oblique and internal oblique muscles in the sitting position (P<0.05). Therefore, the characteristics of muscle tone should be considered when applying interventions to children with developmental delay.
The Discovery of an Erupting Dwarf Nova in NGC 6624

The core of the globular cluster NGC 6624 has been imaged with the Hubble Space Telescope at three separate epochs. We report the detection of a dwarf nova in eruption at a distance of 5 core radii from the center of the cluster—one of the densest in the Galaxy. This is only the fourth dwarf nova detected in a globular cluster. Our temporal coverage implies that there are unlikely to be more than three dwarf novae in the cluster, unless globular cataclysmics erupt much less frequently than those in the field.
ARFA: Adaptive Reception Field Aggregation for 3-D Detection From LiDAR Point Cloud

Submanifold convolution is widely used in 3-D detection. However, it brings different receptive fields to voxels due to the nonuniform distribution in Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds, resulting in degradation of the feature extraction ability for distant voxels and the performance of detectors. We propose a solution, adaptive receptive field aggregation (ARFA) network, an end-to-end two-stage LiDAR 3-D object detection architecture. ARFA searches the top- ${K}$ nearest neighbors (KNNs) to adaptively adjust the receptive field of sparse voxels, followed by a self-attention aggregation (SA) module with density feature embedding (DE) to aggregate the semantic information in the receptive field. In order to further strengthen the detection performance for small objects, we also propose an upsampling bird’s eyes view (U-BEV) backbone and a Intersection over Union (IoU)-aware head to enhance the quality of the proposals and rectify the confidence of the predicted bounding boxes. ARFA outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on the Waymo Open dataset and achieves competitive results on the popular KITTI dataset.
A Unification of X-ray selected BL Lacs and FRI Radio Galaxies

In this work, we revisit the unification scheme using the radio observations of X-ray selected BL Lacertae objects (XBLs) and FRI radio galaxies. The results are: 1) BL Lacertae objects and FRI radio galaxies show similar extended radio luminosity, and 2) In the luminosity and core-dominance plot, BL Lacertae objects and FRI radio galaxies are located in the same region, suggesting a unification of XBLs and FRI radio galaxies.
The Role of Honey Bee Derived Aliphatic Esters in the Host-Finding Behavior of Varroa destructor

Simple Summary Honey bees provide essential pollination services for many agricultural crops and wild plants. However, honey bee health is at risk. As an obligate ectoparasite of honey bees, Varroa destructor has been causing huge damage to the worldwide Western honey bee colonies since the host shift from its original host, the Eastern honey bees. For years, a lot of effort has been made to control this parasite; however, more efficient and safer methods are still urgently needed. The current study also aimed to contribute to the Varroa mitigation by seeking the potential compounds that affected the host-finding behavior of Varroa mites. By profiling the headspace volatiles of honey bee larvae, four aliphatic esters were commonly identified from both worker and drone larvae of the original and new hosts. Among the esters, ethyl myristate was a novel compound and able to significantly attract the Varroa mites. The findings presented in this paper will deepen our understanding of the Varroa host finding behavior and provide new chemicals for the monitoring and control of V. destructor in the future. Abstract Varroa destructor is an obligate ectoparasite of honey bees and shifted from its original host Apis cerana to the new host Apis mellifera in the first half of the twentieth century. The host shift has resulted in a great threat to the health and survival of A. mellifera colonies worldwide. Chemical signals play a crucial role in all aspects of the Varroa life cycle, including host finding. However, the chemical cues that affect the host finding behavior of Varroa mites are still not fully understood. In this study, we systematically profiled the headspace volatiles of both worker and drone larvae of the two honey bee species by using solid phase micro-extraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS), and then used electrophysiological recording and Y-tube olfactometer bioassay to study the potential roles of the selected compounds. The chemical profiling showed that there were four aliphatic esters, ethyl myristate (EM), methyl palmitate (MP), ethyl palmitate (EP), and ethyl oleate (EO) commonly detected from all four types of larval hosts. Among them, EM was a new substance identified from honey bee headspace volatiles. Results from electrophysiological recordings indicated that all the aliphatic esters could elicit significant responses of Varroa pit organs on its forelegs. Moreover, behavioral analyses revealed that EM could significantly attract V. destructor at a medium dosage (10 µg), while MP had no observable effect on the mites and both EP and EO were able to repel the parasites. Our findings suggest an important role of host-derived aliphatic esters in Varroa host finding, and provide new chemicals for Varroa monitoring and control.
Information literacy in international masters students: A competitive and business intelligence course perspective

Abstract This original research is directed towards the information literacy of international master’s students, focusing on the evaluation of their information-seeking behaviour during competitive and business intelligence processes, together with the subsequent verification methods they use once the desired information is found. During this research, 207 students received a test with questions related to business information literacy, with either one or more options or free-text answers. The results showed a significant lack of information literacy in the use of information sources, including knowledge about their existence and consequent search habits, but they did at least also show a fundamental awareness of verification methods. The students also demonstrated awareness of the significance of data visualisation needs when reporting the contexts found in business intelligence process data.
The hidden ingenuity in titin structure

Titin is a giant protein that functions as a shock absorber in sarcomeres—the basic contractile unit of muscles. When stretched, thermal disturbances are expected to make titin follow the Maxwell path (global minimizer) of its energy. This path involves neither energy dissipation nor hysteresis. Therefore, a basic question is how does titin releases energy so efficiently? By adopting a simple mechanical model of a chain comprised from bistable elements, we show that dissipation depends on both system size and the height of the energy barrier separating equilibrium configurations. In this sense, titin is an optimal product of evolution.
UPLC-MS/MS Analysis of Naturally Derived Apis mellifera Products and Their Promising Effects against Cadmium-Induced Adverse Effects in Female Rats

Honeybee products arouse interest in society due to their natural origin and range of important biological properties. Propolis (P) and royal jelly (RJ) attract scientists’ attention because they exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory abilities. In this study, we tested whether P and RJ could mitigate the adverse effects of cadmium (Cd) exposure, with particular emphasis on the reproductive function in female rats. In this line, one week of pretreatment was established. Six experimental groups were created, including (i) the control group (without any supplementation), (ii) the Cd group (receiving CdCl2 in a dose of 4.5 mg/kg/day), (iii) the P group (50 mg of P/kg/day), (iv) RJ group (200 mg of RJ/kg/day), (v) P + Cd group (rats pretreated with P and then treated with P and Cd simultaneously), (vi) RJ + Cd group (animals pretreated with RJ before receiving CdCl2 simultaneously with RJ). Cd treatment of rats adversely affected a number of measured parameters, including body weight, ovarian structure and ultrastructure, oxidative stress parameters, increased ovarian Cd content and prolonged the estrous cycle. Pretreatment and then cotreatment with P or RJ and Cd alleviated the adverse effects of Cd, transferring the clusters in the PCA analysis chart toward the control group. However, clusters for cotreated groups were still distinctly separated from the control and P, or RJ alone treated groups. Most likely, investigated honeybee products can alter Cd absorption in the gut and/or increase its excretion through the kidneys and/or mitigate oxidative stress by various components. Undoubtedly, pretreatment with P or RJ can effectively prepare the organism to overcome harmful insults. Although the chemical composition of RJ and P is relatively well known, focusing on proportion, duration, and scheme of treatment, as well as the effects of particular components, may provide interesting data in the future. In the era of returning to natural products, both P and RJ seem valuable materials for further consideration as anti-infertility agents.
Non-parametric segmentation of ALS point clouds using mean shift

Abstract Segmentation is a key task in the processing of 3D point clouds as obtained from airborne laser scanners (ALS). However, most of the segmentation techniques currently employed require prior gridding of the data and thus do not respect the inherently three-dimensional geometry of more intricate structures such as power lines. By contrast, the mean shift procedure, a filtering and clustering approach which has recently found much interest in the image processing community, works directly on the original 3D point cloud; also, mean shift is a non-parametric technique (i.e., it does not depend on any geometric model assumptions) and can thus also be applied to vegetation structures. In this paper, we will give a self-contained derivation of the mean shift procedure, and discuss how it can be used to obtain a classification or segmentation of an unstructured 3D point cloud. Two application examples shall further illustrate its usefulness to ALS data processing.
Does Regional Integration within Developing Countries Really Diverge? The Southern Africa Development Community Experience on the Period 1995-2019

This paper tests the real convergence within Southern Africa Development Community (SADC). Given that economic theory suggests that economic integration within developing countries gives rise to regional divergence, the main aim of this study is, thus, to verify whether this theory is valid for the SADC. To test this premise, we analyse real per capita income dispersion within the region and proceed to the estimation of a β-convergence model on a sample of eleven countries of the region on the period 1995-2019. Our results are irrevocable: there is no proof of catch-up within this zone during this period. This shows that the gains and costs of the integration are unequally shared among members states.
Ejected-electron spectrum in low-energy proton-hydrogen collisions

The behavior of the ejected electron spectra resulting from low-energy ion-atom collisions relevant to momentum imaging experiments is explored and the origin of the oscillatory structures these spectra display as a function of collision energy is discussed. This is aided by consideration of the time-dependent, electronic Schodinger equation that is solved at a fixed impact parameter for 1-25 keV proton impact of atomic hydrogen utilizing the lattice, Fourier collocation technique and split-operator time propagation. At a large internuclear separation after the collision the bound states of the target and projectile are projected out for n<4 and the resulting continuum wave function is examined. Techniques, such as multigridding, are investigated to extend the propagation of the wave function to significantly larger final distances.
A Calibrated Permittivity Modeling Approach for Cross-Area Path Loss Prediction

Accurate path loss prediction (PLP) in target areas (TAs) is required in many wireless communication applications. However, in real-world deployment, there only may be available path loss data outside TAs. In this letter, a framework based on calibrating the modeling of buildings’ permittivity for cross-area PLP is proposed, with the advantage of not requiring data from TAs. The proposed framework requires only the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) data from other measured areas (MAs, no intersection with TAs), to learn more precise permittivity modeling and indirectly enhance the prediction in TAs. Furthermore, we exploit a message-passing based algorithm and its low-complexity implementation in the optimization of calibrating permittivity modeling, to improve the prediction accuracy and reduce the iterations required. Real-world measurement is performed and the results have revealed a better performance improvement of the proposed method, compared with Random Forest (RF) and ray-tracing (RT).
Dusty Vortices in Protoplanetary Disks

Global two-dimensional simulations are used to study the coupled evolution of gas and solid particles in a Rossby unstable protoplanetary disk. The initial radial bump in density is unstable to the formation of Rossby waves, which roll up and break into anticyclonic vortices that gradually merge into a large-scale vortical structure persisting for more than 100 rotations. Conditions for the growth of such vortices may naturally appear at the outer edge of the "dead zone" of a protoplanetary disk where gas tends to pile up. We find that solid particles are captured by the vortices and change the evolution: (1) large particles rapidly sink toward the center of the vortices and increase the solid-to-gas ratio by an order of magnitude, (2) solid particles tend to reduce the lifetime of the vortices, and (3) solid particles are effectively confined in the vortices before they are dispersed by the Keplerian shear flow. These results confirm that in a minimum mass solar nebula, persistent vortices could be good places for the formation of the planetesimals or the rocky cores of gas giant planets as soon as particles reach boulder size.