Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finding Abnormal Vessel Trajectories Using Feature Learning

Global Positioning System technology has been widely used in vehicle tracking and road planning applications. An enormous amount of data concerning the trajectories of vehicles has been collected and stored for tracking purposes. A trajectory contains not only the footprints of a moving object but also additional information, such as speed and stopping points. Therefore, the large-scale trajectory data sets provide rich information and are currently attracting considerable attention; there have been many successful studies of event detection based on trajectory data. However, most of these studies have focused only on vehicles traveling in a road network and have note considered maritime trajectories. A maritime trajectory also contains auxiliary data (e.g., speed and rotation) in addition to the movements of a ship. However, ships are not bound to road networks, and consequently, it is difficult to apply traditional mining algorithms based on road networks. In addition, even if the amount of maritime trajectory data is very large, these data are also spatially sparse, which will significantly reduce the effectiveness of most existing mining algorithms. In this paper, we propose a new method of abnormal trajectory detection to address this problem. This method can detect abnormal vessel trajectories from Automatic Identification System (AIS), records for vessels via our feature learning algorithm. To reduce the search space, we invoke reference points as well as the Piecewise Linear Segmentation (PLS), algorithm to compress the trajectories without losing important information. A time-aware and spatially correlated collaborative algorithm is proposed to increase the density of the trajectories to improve the accuracy of the detection algorithm, which is based on Dynamic Time Warping (DTW). Finally, we report experiments conducted on a real-world data set, which demonstrate that the proposed detection method can detect anomalous trajectories effectively.
Self-Defeating Personality Disorder: A Cross-National Study of Clinical Utility

The clinical utility of the DSM-III-R-proposed diagnostic category self-defeating personality disorder (SDPD) was assessed through the presentation of prototypic case histories to American and British psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. The most frequent diagnoses assigned were SDPD and personality disorder not otherwise specified; no alternative diagnoses were consistently provided. More than one in two professionals reported treating patients with a condition similar to the SDPD cases, and approximately 65% of these patients were reported to be female. American and British nonpatients were also assessed through the administration of an SDPD self-report questionnaire. The results suggest that the reported high prevalence of SDPD in the practitioners' patients is not a result of the expression of a general personality trait, and the reported greater incidence of SDPD in women is not a reflection of a normal, culturally learned, female behavior pattern. —J Nerv Ment Dis 183:214-221, 1995
Theoretical explanation of the non-equipotential quench behaviour in Y–Ba–Cu–O coated conductors

YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) coated conductors are realized by the deposition of a YBCO film atop thin (10−6 m) ceramic buffer layers, previously deposited upon a high resistance nickel alloy. On the other side of the tape a copper layer is often added to create an alternative current path during quenches. Several investigations have shown a different qualitative behaviour of the voltages measured on the nickel and copper sides of the tape. In this work we give a theoretical explanation for this phenomenon and point out the technical consequences it might have for the design of devices constructed using YBCO coated conductors.
Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow: pathologist, physician, anthropologist, and politician. Implications of his work for the understanding of cerebrovascular pathology and stroke.

The history of apoplexy and descriptions of stroke symptoms date back to ancient times. It was not until the mid-nineteenth century, however, that the contributions of Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow, including his descriptions of the phenomena he called "embolism" and "thrombosis" as well as the origins of ischemia, changed the understanding of stroke. He suggested three main factors that conduce to venous thrombosis, which are now known as the Virchow triad. He also showed that portions of what he called a "thrombus" could detach and form an "embolus. " Thus, Virchow coined these terms to describe the pathogenesis of the disorder. It was also not until 1863 that Virchow recognized and differentiated almost all of the common types of intracranial malformations: telangiectatic venous malformations, arterial malformations, arteriovenous malformations, cystic angiomas (possibly what are now called hemangioblastomas), and transitional types of these lesions. This article is a review of the contributions of Rudolf Virchow to the current understanding of cerebrovascular pathology, and a summary of the life of this extraordinary personality in his many roles as physician, pathologist, anthropologist, ethnologist, and politician.
Association Between MCT1 A1470T Polymorphism and Fat-Free Mass in Well-Trained Young Soccer Players

Abstract Massidda, M, Eynon, N, Bachis, V, Corrias, L, Culigioni, C, Cugia, P, Scorcu, M, and Calò, CM. Association between MCT1 A1470T polymorphism and fat-free mass in well-trained young soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 30(4): 1171–1176, 2016—The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the MCT1 A1470T polymorphism and fat-free mass in young Italian elite soccer players. Participants were 128 Italian male soccer players. Fat-free mass was estimated for each of the soccer player using age- and gender-specific formulas with plicometry. Genotyping for the MCT1 A1470T polymorphism was performed using polymerase chain reaction. The MCT1 A1470T genotypes were in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium distribution. The percentage of fat-free mass was significantly higher in soccer players with the TT genotype and in the T-allele-dominant model group (TT + AT) compared with the soccer players with the AA genotype. The MCT1 T allele is associated with the percentage of fat-free mass in young elite male soccer players. Elucidating the genetic basis of body composition in athletes could potentially be used as an additional tool for strength and conditioning professionals in planning and adjusting training. However, these results are preliminary and need to be replicated in more cohorts.
Lipoprotein SmpA is a component of the YaeT complex that assembles outer membrane proteins in Escherichia coli

A major role of the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria is to provide a protective permeability barrier for the cell, and proper maintenance of the OM is required for cellular viability. OM biogenesis requires the coordinated assembly of constituent lipids and proteins via dedicated OM assembly machineries. We have previously shown that, in Escherichia coli, the multicomponent YaeT complex is responsible for the assembly of OM β-barrel proteins (OMPs). This complex contains the OMP YaeT and three OM lipoproteins. Here, we report another component of the YaeT complex, the OM lipoprotein small protein A (SmpA). Strains carrying loss-of-function mutations in smpA are viable but exhibit defects in OMP assembly. Biochemical experiments show that SmpA is involved in maintaining complex stability. Taken together, these experiments establish an important role for SmpA in both the structure and function of the YaeT complex.
Dissociation of Executive and Attentional Elements of the Digit Span Task in a Population of Older Adults: A Latent Class Analysis

The prevailing model for working memory proposes the existence of a “central executive” responsible for coordinating and prioritizing incoming information from sensory and association cortices. The Digit Span task is commonly used by clinicians to parse attentional and executive components of working memory; however, the interrelatedness of these constructs in the context of advanced age and neurodegenerative disease remains an area of active investigation. The current study details a procedure and rationale for the use of latent class analysis, a data-driven, person-centered method, in the investigation of older adults and dementia. Class analysis of digit span performance in older adults (n = 874) drawn from a specialty clinic revealed four classes with distinct performance across task subcomponents. In three of the classes, attentional and executive elements demonstrated similar performance. The fourth class and implications of class structure are discussed in the context of aging.
Design of focused ultrasound surgery transducers

High-intensity focused ultrasound surgery (FUS) has been developed for the extracorporeal treatment of various benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. The system developed at the Institute of Cancer Research/Royal Marsden (ICR/RM) National Health Service (NHS) Trust incorporates a 150 mm focal length focused bowl transducer operated at 1.7 MHz, and is currently undergoing Phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and superficial bladder cancer. However, the application of this transducer is limited by its focal length to a maximum depth of 100 mm, and by power absorption in the skin to a minimum depth of 40 mm. A computer model of acoustic fields, which assumes uniform excitation of the transducer over its entire surface, has previously been published. This has been used both to calculate the intensity in nonattenuating media, and to estimate the absorbed power per unit volume in homogeneous tissues in order to allow determination of the transducer configurations (frequency, focal length, and diameter) necessary for the treatment of both deep (/spl sim/150 mm) and shallow (/spl sim/20 mm) soft tissue tumors. These depths encompass the typical range for human tissues which are likely to be treated. Calculations cover the frequency range 0.5-4.5 MHz, focal lengths from 70 to 200 mm, and transducer diameters from 30 to 190 mm. The results show that appropriate transducers can be designed for the noninvasive treatment of tumors in specific organs.
Parasites and Phytoplankton, with Special Emphasis on Dinoflagellate Infections1

Abstract Planktonic members of most algal groups are known to harbor intracellular symbionts, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. Among the dinoflagellates, viral and bacterial associations were recognized a quarter century ago, yet their impact on host populations remains largely unresolved. By contrast, fungal and protozoan infections of dinoflagellates are well documented and generally viewed as playing major roles in host population dynamics. Our understanding of fungal parasites is largely based on studies for freshwater diatoms and dinoflagellates, although fungal infections are known for some marine phytoplankton. In freshwater systems, fungal chytrids have been linked to mass mortalities of host organisms, suppression or retardation of phytoplankton blooms, and selective effects on species composition leading to successional changes in plankton communities. Parasitic dinoflagellates of the genus Amoebophrya and the newly described Perkinsozoa, Parvilucifera infectans, are widely distributed in coastal waters of the world where they commonly infect photosynthetic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates. Recent work indicates that these parasites can have significant impacts on host physiology, behavior, and bloom dynamics. Thus, parasitism needs to be carefully considered in developing concepts about plankton dynamics and the flow of material in marine food webs.
Effect of behavioral and service attributes and distribution of demand on ride-sharing efficiency and level of service

Previous studies on ride-sharing potential have neglected that ride-sharing choice considers a trade-off of disbenefits with a financial reward. This study considers delays and psychological discomfort related to sharing a vehicle as the main ride-sharing costs. Next to finding how these (possibly heterogeneous) behavioral preferences and the chosen discount structure affect the efficiency and level of service of ride-sharing, the effect of the directionality in demand is also considered. A graph-based approach is applied to allow for efficient assignment of vehicles to requests. The model is tested on an experiment representing an urban context. It was found that ride-sharing potential is strongly dependent on the willingness to share and somewhat less strongly on the delay tolerance. The expected level of service is poorer when sharing preferences vary across the population. Implementation of a ride-sharing service is most successful when directionality in demand is low, while ride-based discounts can be effective in maximizing its societal benefits.
House dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and its allergens: effects of washing

The study was undertaken to evaluate the effect washing at various temperatures would have on the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and its allergens. Young and old mite cultures underwent a simulated washing programme. To record the number of live mites prior to and after washing a new counting method was applied. The findings demonstrated that although washing reduced the number of live mites, a washing programme at minimum temperature 58°C was required in order to achieve complete extermination of the house dust mites. A distinct protein loss was observed when washing at higher temperature, thus further reducing the total allergen pool without loss of allergen activity as determined by direct RAST.
Block M-Matrices and Computation of Invariant Tori

In this work a generalization of nonsingular M-matrices to block matrices is proposed, where positivity of numbers is replaced by positive definiteness of blocks. In addition, the outer diagonal blocks are multiples of the identity. This generalization is arrived at by studying the matrices that arise from discretizing linear first-order systems of partial differential equations (PDEs) where each equation has the same principal part. These PDEs occur in the study of invariant tori of dynamical systems. In this paper, a first-order discretization of these PDEs is investigated and block M-matrix properties are used to establish stability and error estimates. To obtain higher-order convergence, an error expansion is proved, which legitimates Richardson’s extrapolation. Some of the numerical and algorithmic aspects of the proposed discretization are discussed and briefly contrasted to others. Some numerical examples to illustrate the theory and to highlight the interplay between attractivity and smoothness of.
Multivariable Sliding-Mode Extremum Seeking Control With Application to MPPT of an Alternator-Based Energy Conversion System

In this paper, a novel multivariable sliding-mode extremum-seeking controller (MVESC) is proposed and utilized for maximum power point tracking in an alternator-based energy conversion system. The design extends a scalar-based sliding-mode extremum-seeking controller to the multivariable case by introducing a sliding-manifold vector for multiparameter control. The behavior of the controller in terms of convergence characteristics is studied using a Lyapunov-like stability analysis. The proposed MVESC is applied to an alternator-based energy conversion system, which results in optimal power conversion at different speeds and output voltages. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed controller is compared with a multivariable gradient-based method through experimental studies. The results demonstrate that the proposed controller offers advantages in terms of speed, accuracy, and robust performance.
Geração de features para resolução de correferência: Pessoa, Local e Organização (Feature Generation for Coreference Resolution: Person, Location and Organization) [in Portuguese]

This work aims at resolving coreference in Portuguese, focusing on categories of named entities Person, Location and Organization. The proposed method uses supervised learning. To this end, the use of features that assist in the correct classification of named entities is critical. The construction and refinement of these features are of great relevance to his task. The performance of many other tasks depends on the correct output of coreference resolution systems, in special the extraction of relationships between named entities. Resumo. Este trabalho tem por objetivo a resolução de correferência em língua portuguesa, tendo como foco entidades nomeadas das categorias Pessoa, Local e Organização. O método proposto utiliza aprendizado supervisionado. Para tal, o uso de features que auxiliem na correta classificação das entidades nomeadas é fundamental. A construção e o refinamento dessas features são de grande relevância para essa tarefa. O desempenho de muitas outras tarefas depende da correta saída de sistemas de resolução de correferência, em especial, a extração de relação entre entidades nomeadas. 1. Introdução Este trabalho tem como foco a identificação de entidades nomeadas e suas cadeias de correferência. O objetivo principal é a resolução de correferências em língua portuguesa para os domínios Pessoa, Local e Organização. A resolução de correferências é uma tarefa relevante e também um grande desafio para a área de linguística computacional. Tratando-se da língua portuguesa, esse desafio é ainda maior. Isto é, a quantidade de recursos para a língua portuguesa é limitada se comparada com a quantidade de recursos que temos disponíveis para outras línguas, como o inglês. Collovini et al. (2011) propõem a extração de relação entre entidades nomeadas presentes em textos da língua portuguesa. A extração desse tipo de relação possui um impacto considerável para a área de processamento da linguagem natural, dado o fato que esse tipo de técnica pode melhorar a performance de muitas tarefas. Nesse contexto, a tarefa de reconhecimento de entidades nomeadas tem como objetivo identificar, desambiguar e atribuir uma categoria semântica a essas entidades, como pessoa, organização, entre outras. É nesse ponto que está a contribuição deste trabalho. Tendo textos como entrada, pretende-se gerar cadeias de correferência para categorias específicas de entidades nomeadas e, com isso, pretende-se contribuir para a extração de relações entre entidades, por meio de inferência. Gabbard et al. (2011) mostram que a resolução de correferência pode prover ganhos significativos para a extração de relação
Positron-impact electronic excitations and mass stopping power of 
H2

Positron-impact electronic excitation cross sections, mean excitation energies and mass stopping power of the H 2 molecule have been calculated for energies from 10 eV up to 2 keV using the convergent close-coupling method that utilizes single and two-center expansions. Results are compared to previous studies. Application of Bragg’s rule of stopping power additivity is discussed by comparing results obtained for atomic (H) and molecular (H 2 ) targets for positron impact.
A learning model based on a didactic cognitive approach: The case of single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems

Aiding the acquisition of cognitive abilities is an important issue within the teaching–learning process. The student should not only control his/her own learning process, but also the way he/she does it. One of the new developments in education, focused on achieving those goals, is the use of tools, models, and techniques derived from cognitive psychology to improve the design of course “curricula” within a specific knowledge domain. The paper presents a learning model that focuses on a specific topic, and uses a cognitive approach for building human expert mental models and schemes, partially based on the concepts of Forbus' qualitative theory. Regarding the didactic approach, the authors' experience is taken into account within a “student centered” learning approach, in which training or learning systems have a great significance. All these elements are integrated in the formulation of an intelligent learning prototype, now under construction, that fosters a qualitative understanding of the domain, before the quantitative part is dealt with. The selected domain is a specific topic of structural dynamics known as single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 12: 152–164, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20013
An Effective and Optimal Fusion Rule in the Presence of Probabilistic Spectrum Sensing Data Falsification Attack

Cognitive radio (CR) network is an excellent solution to the spectrum scarcity problem. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) has been widely used to precisely detect of primary user (PU) signals. The trustworthiness of the CSS is vulnerable to spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attack. In an SSDF attack, some malicious users intentionally report wrong sensing results to cheat the fusion center (FC) and disturb the FC’s global decision on the PU activity. In this paper, we introduce an effective data fusion rule called attack-aware optimal voting rule (AOVR) to confront the SSDF attack in the CSS procedure. In the beginning stages of the cooperative sensing, two important SSDF attack parameters are estimated and then applied in a conventional voting rule to acquire an optimal number of CR users to minimize the global error probability. Two estimated attack parameters include the probabilities of attack in both occupied and empty frequency bands. Simulation results confirm that the proposed attack-aware approach achieves very good performance over the existing conventional cooperative sensing methods.
A novel multilayered SIW filter with two mono-modal cavities and three poles

This work presents a novel class of filters in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology, based on a multilayered configuration. The peculiarity of these filters is the presence of additional poles and zeros, due to the resonant slot etched in the common metal layer between two dielectric substrates. In this way, a filter with two mono-modal cavities, coupled by a resonant slot, exhibits a frequency response with three poles and two transmission zeros. The experimental verification of a prototype operating at 11 GHz is presented in this letter, and the possible extensions of this filter topology are discussed.
Preliminary Findings of External Counterpulsation for Ischemic Stroke Patient With Large Artery Occlusive Disease

Background and Purpose— We aimed to investigate the feasibility and therapeutic effect of external counterpulsation (ECP) in ischemic stroke. Methods— The trial was a randomized, crossover, assessment-blinded, proof-of-concept trial. ECP treatment consisted of 35 daily 1-hour sessions. Patients were randomized to either early (ECP weeks 1 to 7 and no ECP weeks 8 to 14) or late group (no ECP weeks 1 to 7 and ECP weeks 8 to 14). Primary outcomes were an overall change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and cerebral blood flow estimated by color velocity imaging quantification. Secondary outcomes were change in NIHSS, color velocity imaging quantification, favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin scale, 0 to 2), and stroke recurrence at weeks 7 and 14, respectively. Results— Fifty patients were recruited. At week 7, there was a significant change in NIHSS (early 3.5 vs late 1.9; P=0.042). After adjusting for treatment sequence, ECP was associated with a favorable trend of change in NIHSS of 2.1 vs 1.3 for non-ECP (P=0.061). Changes of color velocity imaging quantification were not significant but tended to increase with ECP. At week 14, a favorable functional outcome was found in 100% of early group patients compared to 76% in the late group (P=0.022). Conclusion— ECP is feasible for ischemic stroke patients with larger artery disease.