Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monomer Pair Correlations

In this paper we evaluate the monomer pair correlation along the diagonals (p, p + 1) and (p + 1, p) of a square lattice otherwise packed with dimers. Using the perturbed Pfaffian technique the correlation can be expressed as a Toeplitz determinant ip |bi−j+1|/2x generated by the function B(θ)= ∑ −∞∞ bkeikθ=iτeiθ[sgn (sin θ)+iτeiθ1+iθeiθ]+ ∑ k=0∞(iτ)ke−ikθ, where τ = x/y and x and y are the activities of x and y dimers. We will calculate the determinant exactly and prove that the correlation decays with increasing monomer separation as B/4r½; where B is simply related to the decay constant of the diagonal spin correlation at the critical point of a square ferromagnetic Ising lattice. The exact value is found to be B = 0.989487291.
The Antiviral Activity of Trifluoromethylthiolane Derivatives

: The search for new antiviral agents is an important task today. The aim of this study was to elucidate the impact of triﬂuoromethylthiolane derivatives on herpetic and adenoviral infections. It was found that the 2-hydroxy-2-triﬂuoromethylthiolane signiﬁcantly inhibited Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) reproduction, reducing the virus titer obtained de novo. Such activity indicates that virus offspring are formed, but the virus particles are not complete and are not able to cause an infection process. Therefore, triﬂuoromethylthiolane derivatives may be a potential compounds for the development on their basis agents for the treatment of herpetic infections.
A partially implicit method for simulating viscous aerofoil flows

A partially implicit method for the unsteady compressible Navier-Stokes equations is developed. The method is based on an explicit treatment of streamwise fluxes and an implicit treatment of normal fluxes. This leads to a linear system which is generated by an efficient finite difference procedure and which is block pentadiagonal. The method is tested on a shock-induced oscillatory flow over an aerofoil. Parallel implementations of an explicit, fully implicit and partially implicit method are investigated.
Stability of uncertain quasi-periodic hybrid dynamic systems

This paper derives sufficient conditions for the stability of uncertain quasi-periodic hybrid dynamic systems. These conditions do not require the Lyapunov function to be non-increasing along each trajectory of the continuous variable dynamic system (CVDS), in other words, they do not require every CVDS to be stable, and they also do not require the Lyapunov function to be non-increasing along the whole sequence of the switchings. Furthermore, they do not require the knowledge of the continuous trajectory. With the proposed conditions, the stability bounds for structured perturbations characterized by non-negative matrices that still ensure robust stability are derived.
Understanding spatial-temporal urban expansion pattern (1990–2009) using impervious surface data and landscape indexes: a case study in Guangzhou (China)

Abstract A new viewpoint for understanding the urban expansion using impervious surface information, which is obtained using remote sensing imagery is presented. The purpose of this study is to understand and describe the urban expansion pattern with the view of impervious surfaces instead of the conventional view of land use/land cover. Six years’ worth of impervious surface data (1990–2009) of Guangzhou are extracted via linear spectral unmixing analysis methods and spatial and temporal characteristics are discussed in detail. The area, density, and gravity centers changes of the impervious surfaces are analyzed to explain internal/external urban expansion. Meanwhile, five landscape indexes, such as patch density, edge density, mean patch size, area-weighted, and fragmentation index, are utilized to describe landscape changes of Guangzhou in past 20 years, which are influenced deeply by the impervious surface expansion. In order to detail landscape changes, two transects corresponding to the two urban expansion directions are designed and five landscape metrics in these two transects are reported. Conclusions can be drawn and shown as following: (1) temporally, the area of impervious surfaces increases from 12,998 to 59,911 ha from 1990 to 2009. The amount of impervious surface varies in different periods. The annual growth rates of impervious surface area during 1990–1995, 1995–1998, and 1998–2000 are 10.16%, 11.61%, and 10.78%, respectively; (2) annual growth rates decrease from 10.78% (1998–2000) to 5.67% (2000–2003). Nevertheless, from 2003–2009, the annual growth rate has a slight increase compared to a former period. The rate is 5.91%; (3) spatially, gravity centers of medium and high percentage impervious surfaces migrate slightly; and (4) according to the gradient analysis in the two transects, it can be observed that the high percentage of impervious surface increases gradually in new city districts (from west to east and from south to north).
Stripes extraction technique of projection pattern in frequency domain for 3D shape measurement based pattern projection technique

Because the 3-D shape measurement technique using optimal intensity-modulation pattern projection (OIMP) method can detect a lot of stripes numbers by one projection, the application is expected by the spread of the digital camera and the pattern projector. However, there is a problem that the accuracy of stripes recognition decreases in the case of the intensity range of the observation image of the measurement object is insufficient. Or since two images are needed to convert the observation image by the image correction method, saying, OIMP method, the measurement time is long. In order to solve above problem, we propose an image analysis method based on Fourier transform technique to correct the intensity of the observation image. By this method, the stripes can be extracted only using a single observation image, and then, a fast 3-D shape measurement is realizable.
Reflection of Demographic Background on Word Usage

The availability of personal writings in electronic format provides researchers in the fields of linguistics, psychology, and computational linguistics with an unprecedented chance to study, on a large scale, the relationship between language use and the demographic background of writers, allowing us to better understand people across different demographics. In this article, we analyze the relation between language and demographics by developing cross-demographic word models to identify words with usage bias, or words that are used in significantly different ways by speakers of different demographics. Focusing on three demographic categories, namely, location, gender, and industry, we identify words with significant usage differences in each category and investigate various approaches of encoding a word’s usage, allowing us to identify language aspects that contribute to the differences. Our word models using topic-based features achieve at least 20% improvement in accuracy over the baseline for all demographic categories, even for scenarios with classification into 15 categories, illustrating the usefulness of topic-based features in identifying word usage differences. Further, we note that for location and industry, topics extracted from immediate context are the best predictors of word usages, hinting at the importance of word meaning and its grammatical function for these demographics, while for gender, topics obtained from longer contexts are better predictors for word usage.
Fractal Functions and Wavelet Expansions Based on Several Scaling Functions

We present a method for constructing translation and dilation invariant functions spaces using fractal functions defined by a certain class of iterated function systems. These spaces generalize the C0 function spaces constructed in D. Hardin, B. Kessler, and P. R. Massopust, J. Approx. Theory71 (1992), 104-120] including, for instance, arbitrarily smooth function spaces. These new function spaces are generated by several scaling functions and their integer-translates. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for these function spaces to form a multiresolution analysis of L2R.
A study of Giant Graviton Dynamics in the Restricted Schur Polynomial Basis

Anomalous dimensions are calculated for a certain class of operators in the restricted Schur polynomial basis in the large N limit. A new computationally simple form of the dilatation operator is derived and used in this dissertation. The class of operators investigated have bare dimension of O(N). Thus the calculation necessarily sums non-planar Feynmann diagrams as the planar approximation has broken down for operators of this size. The operators investigated have two long columns and the operators mix under the action of the dilatation operator, however the mixing of operators having a different number of columns is suppressed and can be neglected in the large N limit. The action of the one loop dilatation operator is explicitly calculated for the cases where the operators have two, three and four impurities and it is found that in a particular limit the action of the one loop dilatation operator reduces to that of a discrete second derivative. The lattice on which the discretised second derivative is defined is provided by the Young tableaux itself. The one loop dilatation operator is diagonalised numerically and produces a surprisingly simple linear spectrum, with interesting degeneracies. The spectrum can be understood in terms of a collection of harmonic oscillators. The frequencies of the oscillators are all multiples of 8g YM and can be related to the set of Young tableaux acted upon by the dilatation operator. This equivalence to harmonic oscillators generalises on previously found results in the BPS sector, and suggests that the system is integrable. The work presented here is based primarily on research carried out by R.de Mello Koch, V De Comarmond, and K. Jefferies in [1].
On a nonlinear second order periodic boundaryvalue problem with Carathéodory functions

The periodic boundary value problem u′′(t) = f(t, u(t), u′(t)) with u(0) = u(2π) and u′(0) = u′(2π) is studied using the generalized method of upper and lower solutions, where f is a Caratheodory function satisfying a Nagumo condition. The existence of solutions is obtained under suitable conditions on f . The results improve and generalize the work of M. -X. Wang et al . [5].
Coumarin-Based Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potential DPP-IV Inhibitors: Pre-ADME Analysis, Toxicity Profile, Computational Analysis, and In Vitro Enzyme Assay

Recent research on dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors has made it feasible to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with minimal side effects. Therefore, in the present investigation, we aimed to discover and develop some coumarin-based sulphonamides as potential DPP-IV inhibitors in light of the fact that molecular hybridization of many bioactive pharmacophores frequently results in synergistic activity. Each of the proposed derivatives was subjected to an in silico virtual screening, and those that met all of the criteria and had a higher binding affinity with the DPP-IV enzyme were then subjected to wet lab synthesis, followed by an in vitro biological evaluation. The results of the pre-ADME and pre-tox predictions indicated that compounds 6e, 6f, 6h, and 6m to 6q were inferior and violated the most drug-like criteria. It was observed that 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6i, 6j, 6r, 6s, and 6t displayed less binding free energy (PDB ID: 5Y7H) than the reference inhibitor and demonstrated drug-likeness properties, hence being selected for wet lab synthesis and the structures being confirmed by spectral analysis. In the in vitro enzyme assay, the standard drug Sitagliptin had an IC50 of 0.018 µM in the experiment which is the most potent. All the tested compounds also displayed significant inhibition of the DPP-IV enzyme, but 6i and 6j demonstrated 10.98 and 10.14 µM IC50 values, respectively, i.e., the most potent among the synthesized compounds. Based on our findings, we concluded that coumarin-based sulphonamide derivatives have significant DPP-IV binding ability and exhibit optimal enzyme inhibition in an in vitro enzyme assay.
Phase study of the generated surface plasmon waves in light transmission through a subwavelength aperture

Abstract. Interference of surface plasmon (SP) waves plays a key role in light transmission through a subwavelength aperture surrounded by groove structures. In order to characterize interference of the hole and groove-generated SP waves, their phase information was carefully investigated using finite difference time domain simulations. In a structure with only one groove, constructive interference of the generated SP waves will enhance transmitted light by a factor of 5.4 compared with that of a single hole. Increasing the groove number to 3 in the design, which supports constructive interference of SP waves, will enhance the transmission coefficient to 10.5 times that for the single-hole transmission coefficient.
The Numerical Solution of the External Dirichlet Generalized Harmonic Problem for a Sphere by the Method of Probabilistic Solution

In the present paper, an algorithm for the numerical solution of the external Dirichlet generalized harmonic problem for a sphere by the method of probabilistic solution (MPS) is given, where “generalized” indicates that a boundary function has a finite number of first kind discontinuity curves. The algorithm consists of the following main stages: (1) the transition from an infinite domain to a finite domain by an inversion; (2) the consideration of a new Dirichlet generalized harmonic problem on the basis of Kelvin’s theorem for the obtained finite domain; (3) the numerical solution of the new problem for the finite domain by the MPS, which in turn is based on a computer simulation of the Weiner process; (4) finding the probabilistic solution of the posed generalized problem at any fixed points of the infinite domain by the solution of the new problem. For illustration, numerical examples are considered and results are presented.
Plant Growth Promotion and Biocontrol of Leaf Blight Caused by Nigrospora sphaerica on Passion Fruit by Endophytic Bacillus subtilis Strain GUCC4

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) is widely cultivated in tropic and sub-tropic regions for the production of fruit, flowers, cosmetics, and for pharmacological applications. Its high economic, nutritional, and medical values elicit the market demand, and the growing areas are rapidly increasing. Leaf blight caused by Nigrospora sphaerica is a new and emerging disease of passion fruit in Guizhou, in southwest China, where the unique karst mountainous landscape and climate conditions are considered potential areas of expansion for passion fruit production. Bacillus species are the most common biocontrol and plant-growth-promotion bacteria (PGPB) resources in agricultural systems. However, little is known about the endophytic existence of Bacillus spp. in the passion fruit phyllosphere as well as their potential as biocontrol agents and PGPB. In this study, 44 endophytic strains were isolated from 15 healthy passion fruit leaves, obtained from Guangxi province, China. Through purification and molecular identification, 42 of the isolates were ascribed to Bacillus species. Their inhibitory activity against N. sphaerica was tested in vitro. Eleven endophytic Bacillus spp. strains inhibited the pathogen by >65%. All of them produced biocontrol- and plant-growth-promotion-related metabolites, including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), protease, cellulase, phosphatase, and solubilized phosphate. Furthermore, the plant growth promotion traits of the above 11 endophytic Bacillus strains were tested on passion fruit seedlings. One isolate, coded B. subtilis GUCC4, significantly increased passion fruit stem diameter, plant height, leaf length, leaf surface, fresh weight, and dry weight. In addition, B. subtilis GUCC4 reduced the proline content, which indicated its potential to positively regulate passion fruit biochemical properties and resulted in plant growth promotion effects. Finally, the biocontrol efficiencies of B. subtilis GUCC4 against N. sphaerica were determined in vivo under greenhouse conditions. Similarly to the fungicide mancozeb and to a commercial B. subtilis-based biofungicide, B. subtilis GUCC4 significantly reduced disease severity. These results suggest that B. subtilis GUCC4 has great potential as a biological control agent and as PGPB on passion fruit.
Evaluation of the Residual Mass Fractionation in High‐Precision Cr Isotopic Analysis with TIMS

The Cr isotope ratios of terrestrial and extra‐terrestrial materials are emerging as one of the most important tracers in geosciences. Previous studies on Cr isotopic measurements using TIMS have found that there is residual Cr isotopic fractionation between the mass‐fractionation‐corrected 53Cr/52Cr and 54Cr/52Cr ratios, which may cause an offset of obtained ratios from the reference values. The residual fractionation was thought to be caused by the evaporation of Cr‐oxide species during thermal ionisation, but the mechanism by which this residual fractionation could be reduced remained unclear. Here we revisit the issue of residual fractionation and propose that this problem can be alleviated by utilising W filaments instead of conventionally used Re filaments for Cr ionisation. Using W filaments, the formation of CrO+ was suppressed during heating as the filament temperature was ~ 100 °C lower than when Re filaments were used. In repeated measurement of a carbonaceous chondrite, the intermediate precisions of 53Cr/52Cr and 54Cr/52Cr ratios in the W filament runs were two to three times better than those of the Re filament runs. Therefore, the new finding of this study will be of key importance for future studies of Cr isotopes for terrestrial and extra‐terrestrial materials.
Effect of measured distance and angle tuning on transmission properties of split-ring resonators

Transmission properties of a layer of split-ring resonators (SRRs) are investigated experimentally in free space with the propagation direction of the electromagnetic field perpendicular to the SRR-patterned substrate. It is shown that the response frequency of SRRs is independent of the measured distance. In addition, the qualitative change from electric resonance of SRRs to magnetic resonance with the variation of angle between electric field and the symmetric axis of SRR is presented. The results suggest a simple way of obtaining magnetic resonance of SRRs, even left-handed behavior.
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles (GNPs) for Plasmonic Photothermal Ablation of Cancer: A Review

The meeting and merging between innovative nanotechnological systems, such as nanoparticles, and the persistent need to outperform diagnostic-therapeutic approaches to fighting cancer are revolutionizing the medical research scenario, leading us into the world of nanomedicine. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a non-invasive thermo-ablative treatment in which cellular hyperthermia is generated through the interaction of near-infrared light with light-to-heat converter entities, such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs). GNPs have great potential to improve recovery time, cure complexity, and time spent on the treatment of specific types of cancer. The development of gold nanostructures for photothermal efficacy and target selectivity ensures effective and deep tissue-penetrating PTT with fewer worries about adverse effects from nonspecific distributions. Regardless of the thriving research recorded in the last decade regarding the multiple biomedical applications of nanoparticles and, in particular, their conjugation with drugs, few works have been completed regarding the possibility of combining GNPs with the cancer-targeted pharmaceutical fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). This review aims to provide an actual scenario on the application of functionalized GNP-mediated PTT for cancer ablation purposes, regarding the opportunity given by the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) functionalization.
Assortative mating for reproductive timing affects population recruitment and resilience in a quantitative genetic model

Quantitative models that simulate the inheritance and evolution of fitness‐linked traits offer a method for predicting how environmental or anthropogenic perturbations can affect the dynamics of wild populations. Random mating between individuals within populations is a key assumption of many such models used in conservation and management to predict the impacts of proposed management or conservation actions. However, recent evidence suggests that non‐random mating may be underestimated in wild populations and play an important role in diversity‐stability relationships. Here we introduce a novel individual‐based quantitative genetic model that incorporates assortative mating for reproductive timing, a defining attribute of many aggregate breeding species. We demonstrate the utility of this framework by simulating a generalized salmonid lifecycle, varying input parameters, and comparing model outputs to theoretical expectations for several eco‐evolutionary, population dynamic scenarios. Simulations with assortative mating systems resulted in more resilient and productive populations than those that were randomly mating. In accordance with established ecological and evolutionary theory, we also found that decreasing the magnitude of trait correlations, environmental variability, and strength of selection each had a positive effect on population growth. Our model is constructed in a modular framework so that future components can be easily added to address pressing issues such as the effects of supportive breeding, variable age structure, differential selection by sex or age, and fishery interactions on population growth and resilience. With code published in a public Github repository, model outputs may easily be tailored to specific study systems by parameterizing with empirically generated values from long‐term ecological monitoring programs.
Radio continuum and X-ray properties of the coronae of RS Canum Venaticorum and related active binary systems

Data from circular polarization measurements are reported which yield radio-continuum and X-ray characterizations of the coronae of active binaries including RS CVn. The circular polarization measurements are taken at 6 cm for 28 binary systems detected at flux densities of more than 0.7 mJy, and the data are examined in conjunction with those by Drake et al. (1989). Optical positions are derived for 8 RS CVn objects, three previous detections are confirmed, and seven sources are shown to have circular polarization at levels of 2-13 percent. A total of 49 X-ray sources are confirmed in a total of 190 positions, and the correlation between X-ray and radio emissions is analyzed. No observational evidence exists to support the notion that radio and X-ray emissions are due to nonthermal electrons, and the data provide evidence for and against thermal gyrosynchrotron radio emission.