Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Rao Brief Repeatable Neuropsychological Battery with Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐III and Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis

Cognitive impairment affects a large proportion of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), and has a profound impact on the activities of their daily life. The Rao Brief Repeatable Neuropsychological Battery (BRB-N) is a validated test battery standardized for the assessment of cognitive function in Caucasian patientswithMS. Recently, Niino et al. administered a translated version of the BRB-N for the assessment of cognitive impairment in Japanese MS patients. They reported that cognitive function was also impaired in Japanese patients with MS, especially in terms of informationprocessing speed and attentional deficits. However, for the assessment of individual patients, it is important to remember that the test scores on the BRB-N are influenced by variables such as age, sex and level of education. In contrast to the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-III and Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R), the BRB-N has not been standardized in Japan, because test scores in healthy Japanese controls with respect to their age are not available. At present, there is no validation study of the BRB-N in the Japanese population, although the BRB-N is reported to have a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 94% in discriminating MS patients with and without cognitive impairment as defined by the comprehensive 22 neuropsychological test batteries, including subtests of theWAIS-R, in the Caucasian population. In the present study, we compared the results of the BRB-N with the results of other batteries, including the WAIS-III and WMS-R, for the validation of the Japanese version of the BRB-N.
Towards scalable and dynamic data encryption for multi-tenant SaaS

Application-level data management middleware solutions are becoming increasingly compelling to deal with the complexity of a multi-cloud or federated cloud storage and multitenant storage architecture. However, these systems typically support traditional data mapping strategies that are created under the assumption of a fixed and rigorous database schema, and mapping data objects while supporting varying data confidentiality requirements therefore leads to fragmentation of data over distributed storage nodes. This introduces performance over-head at the level of individual database transactions and negatively affects the overall scalability. This paper discusses these challenges and highlights the potential of leveraging the data schema flexibility of NoSQL databases to accomplish dynamic and fine-grained data encryption in a more efficient and scalable manner. We illustrate these ideas in the context of an industrial multi-tenant SaaS application.
The Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) Detects Vertical Semicircular Canal Dysfunction

Background The video head impulse test (vHIT) is a useful clinical tool to detect semicircular canal dysfunction. However vHIT has hitherto been limited to measurement of horizontal canals, while scleral search coils have been the only accepted method to measure head impulses in vertical canals. The goal of this study was to determine whether vHIT can detect vertical semicircular canal dysfunction as identified by scleral search coil recordings. Methods Small unpredictable head rotations were delivered by hand diagonally in the plane of the vertical semicircular canals while gaze was directed along the same plane. The planes were oriented along the left-anterior-right-posterior (LARP) canals and right-anterior-left-posterior (RALP) canals. Eye movements were recorded simultaneously in 2D with vHIT (250 Hz) and in 3D with search coils (1000 Hz). Twelve patients with unilateral, bilateral and individual semicircular canal dysfunction were tested and compared to seven normal subjects. Results Simultaneous video and search coil recordings were closely comparable. Mean VOR gain difference measured with vHIT and search coils was 0.05 (SD = 0.14) for the LARP plane and −0.04 (SD = 0.14) for the RALP plane. The coefficient of determination R2 was 0.98 for the LARP plane and 0.98 for the RALP plane and the results of the two methods were not significantly different. vHIT and search coil measures displayed comparable patterns of covert and overt catch-up saccades. Conclusions vHIT detects dysfunction of individual vertical semicircular canals in vestibular patients as accurately as scleral search coils. Unlike search coils, vHIT is non-invasive, easy to use and hence practical in clinics.
A Causal Approach to Interrelated Family Events: A Cross-National Comparison fo Cohabitation, Non-marital Conception, and Marriage

One of the most important advances brought about by life course and event history studies is the use of parallel or interdependent processes as explaining factors in transition rate models. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate a causal approach to the study of interrelated family events. Various types of interdependent processes are described first, followed by two event history perspectives: the ‘system’ and ‘causal’ approach. The authors assert that the causal approach is more appropriate from an analytical point of view as it provides a straightforward solution to simultaneity, cause-effect lags, and temporal shapes of effects. Based on comparative cross-national applications in West and East Germany, Canada, Latvia, and the Netherlands, we demonstrate the usefulness of the causal approach by analyzing two highly interdependent family processes: entry into marriage (for individuals who are in a consensual union) as the dependent process and first pregnancy/childbirth as the explaining one. Both statistical and theoretical explanations are explored emphasizing the need for conceptual reasoning.
Switching a dual-band planar inverted-F antenna to operate in eight frequency bands

This paper describes the implementation of a dual-band planar inverted-F antenna that is electrically switched to operate in eight frequency bands. The eight bands are achieved by combining two frequency tuning concepts studied in our previous works. The complete tuning circuitry, consisting of three RF PIN diode switches and four passive components, is implemented without increasing the overall volume of the antenna. The antenna covers the 750-1080 MHz band with 25% and the 1560-2270 MHz band with 50% total efficiency margins.
Differences in cognitive impairment of relapsing remitting, secondary, and primary progressive MS

Objective: To investigate the cognitive skills of patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), and primary progressive MS (PPMS) relative to healthy control subjects and to assess whether there is heterogeneity in the type of cognitive disabilities demonstrated by patients with different MS phenotypes. Methods: RRMS patients (n = 108), SPMS patients (n = 71), PPMS patients (n = 55), and healthy control subjects (n = 67) underwent neuropsychological assessment with the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests. Results: Relative to controls, cognitive performance of RRMS patients was deficient when tasks required higher-order working memory (WM) processes (Word List Generation, 10/36 Spatial Recall Test, Symbol Digit Modalities Test). PPMS and SPMS patients performed poorer than control subjects on all tasks. SPMS patients performed more poorly than PPMS patients when tasks required higher-order WM processes, except when speed of information processing played a relatively important role (Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test). Whereas RRMS patients generally performed better than the progressive subtypes, they showed relatively poor verbal fluency. Conclusion: MS patients with different disease courses have different cognitive profiles.
Context Sensing, Aggregation, Representation and Exploitation in Wireless Networks

As the use of wirelessly connected embedded mobile devices grows in vast quantity, their situative use and context sensitive behavior becomes an essential feature. For the implementation of context awareness in mobile appliances, the need for the efficient gathering, representation and delivery of context information evolves. This paper describes issues related to context sensing, representation and delivery, and proposes a new approach for context based mobile computing: Time and event triggered context sensing for mobile devices and an abstract (application and platform independent) representation of context information is introduced. The paper presents showcases of time and event triggered context sensing in wireless environments.
Mate choice and imprinting in birds studied by cross-fostering in the wild

Sexual–selection theories generally assume that mating preferences are heritable traits. However, there is substantial evidence that the rearing environment may be important for the development of mating preferences, indicating that they may be learnt, or modified by experience. The relative importance of such sexual imprinting across species remains largely unexplored. Here, we report results of a large–scale cross–fostering experiment in the wild in which nestling birds were raised by parents of a different species. We show that resulting sexual imprinting may have a negative effect on pairing success in one species (the great tit, Parus major), but not in two other species (the blue tit, P. caeruleus and the pied flycatcher, Ficedula hypoleuca). A remarkable variation thus seems to exist, even between species that are congeneric and have similar breeding ecologies. The cross–fostering resulted in heterospecific pairings between the two tit species (female blue tit breeding with male great tit), which has never, to our knowledge, been previously documented. However, the chicks fledging from these nests were all blue tit.
Host Restriction Factors APOBEC3G/3F and Other Interferon-Related Gene Expressions Affect Early HIV-1 Infection in Northern Pig-Tailed Macaque (Macaca leonina)

The northern pig-tailed macaques (NPMs) lack TRIM5α, an antiviral restriction factor, and instead have TRIM5-CypA. In our previous study, we demonstrated that HIV-1NL4−3 successfully infected NPMs and formed a long-term viral reservoir in vivo. However, the HIV-1-infected NPMs showed relatively high viremia in the first 6 weeks of infection, which declined thereafter suggesting that HIV-1 NL4−3 infection in these animals was only partly permissive. To optimize HIV-1 infection in NPMs therefore, we generated HIV-1NL4−R3A and stHIV-1sv, and infected NPMs with these viruses. HIV-1NL4−R3A and stHIV-1sv can replicate persistently in NPMs during 41 weeks of acute infection stage. Compared to the HIV-1NL4−R3A, stHIV-1sv showed a notably higher level of replication, and the NPMs infected with the latter induced a more robust neutralizing antibody but a weaker cellular immune response. In addition, IFN-I signaling was significantly up-regulated with the viral replication, and was higher in the stHIV-1sv infected macaques. Consequently, the sequences of pro-viral env showed fewer G-A hyper-mutations in stHIV-1sv, suggesting that vif gene of SIV could antagonize the antiviral effects of APOBEC3 proteins in NPMs. Taken together, NPMs infected with HIV-1NL4−R3A and stHIV-1sv show distinct virological and immunological features. Furthermore, interferon-related gene expression might play a role in controlling primary HIV-1NL4−R3A and stHIV-1sv replication in NPMs. This result suggests NPM is a potential HIV/AIDS animal model.
The handbook of emotional intelligence : theory, development, assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace

Contents. Foreword by Daniel Goleman. Introduction. CONCEPTUALIZATION OF KEY CONSTRUCTS. Social Intelligence: The Development and Maintenance of Purposive Behavior (S. Zirkel). Social Competence: The Social Construction of the Concept (K. Topping, et al.). An Overview of the Alexithymia Construct (G. Taylor & R. Bagby). Emotional Competence: A Developmental Perspective (C. Saarni). Emotional Intelligence as Zeitgeist, as Personality, and as a Mental Ability (J. Mayer, et al.). Pychological Mindedness and Emotional Intelligence (M. McCallum & W. Piper). Two Many Intelligences? Integrating Social, Emotional, and Practical Intelligence (J. Hedlund & R. Sternberg). NORMAL AND ABNORMAL DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE. Levels of Emotional Awareness: Neurological, Psychological and Social Perspectives (R. Lane). Poor Judgement in Spite of High Intellect: Neurological Evidence for Emotional Intelligence (A. Bechara, et al.). Practical Intelligence and Its Development (R. Sternberg & E. Grigorenko). Development of Emotional Expression, Understanding, and Regulation in Infants and Young Children (E. Scharfe). Emotional Intelligence from the Perspective of the Five-Factor Model of Personality (R. McCrae). Intelligence, Emotion, and Creativity: From Trichotomy to Trinity (J. Averill). ASSESSMENT METHODS AND ISSUES. Assessment of Alexithymia: Self-Report and Observer-Rated Measures (G. Taylor, et al.). Selecting a Measure of Emotional Intelligence: The Case for Ability Scales (J. Mayer, et al.). Clustering Competence in Emotional Intelligence: Insights from the Emotional Competence Inventory (R. Boyatzis, et al.). Emotional and Social Intelligence: Insights from the Emotional Quotient Inventory (R. Bar-On). PREVENTION STRATEGIES AND INTERVENTIONS. Criteria for Evaluating the Quality of School-Based Social and Emotional Learning Programs (P. Graczyk, et al.). The Effectiveness of School-Based Programs for the Promotion of Social Competence (K. Topping, et al.). Social and Emotional Competence in the Workplace (C. Cherniss). Emotional Intelligence, Adaptation to Stressful Encounters and Health Outcomes (G. Matthews & M. Zeidner). Emotional Intelligence: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications (J. Parker).
Structure Analysis of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Generalized Two-Dimensional Correlation Infrared Spectroscopy

Based on a detailed study of the fundamental vibrations in the mid-infrared (MIR) region and supported by NH-proton deuteration results, the assignment of the overtone and combination bands in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is presented. Variable-temperature experiments and two-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy are used to determine the chemical mechanism and changing sequence of groups in PNIPAM; we conclude that bonded NH groups turn into free NH groups during the heating process, while the CH groups on the side-chains change prior to those on the main chains. A heterospectral dynamical correlation between the NIR and MIR regions or H-included groups in both regions was also performed. The temperature-induced dissociation of the hydrogen-bonded NH groups is found to proceed earlier than the conformational changes in the hydrocarbon chains.
Prognostic Impact of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease on Stroke Outcome

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), which includes white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), silent brain infarction (SBI), and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), develops in a conjunction of cumulated injuries to cerebral microvascular beds, increased permeability of blood-brain barriers, and chronic oligemia. SVD is easily detected by routine neuroimaging modalities such as brain computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Research has revealed that the presence of SVD markers may increase the risk of future vascular events as well as deteriorate functional recovery and neurocognitive trajectories after stroke, and such an association could also be applied to hemorrhagic stroke survivors. Currently, the specific mechanistic processes leading to the development and manifestation of SVD risk factors are unknown, and further studies with novel methodological tools are warranted. In this review, recent studies regarding the prognostic impact of WMHs, SBI, and CMBs on stroke survivors and briefly summarize the pathophysiological concepts underlying the manifestation of cerebral SVD.
Opportunities and Obligations for Physical Computing Systems

The recent confluence of embedded and real-time systems with wireless, sensor, and networking technologies is creating a nascent infrastructure for a technical, economic, and social revolution. Based on the seamless integration of computing with the physical world via sensors and actuators, this revolution will accrue many benefits. Potentially, its impact could be similar to that of the current Internet. We believe developers must focus on the physical, real-time, and embedded aspects of pervasive computing. We refer to this domain as physical computing systems. For pervasive computing to achieve its promise, developers must create not only high-level system software and application solutions, but also low-level embedded systems solutions. To better understand physical computing's advantages, we consider three application areas: assisted living, emergency response systems for natural or man-made disasters, and protecting critical infrastructures at the national level. Comments Copyright 2005 IEEE. Reprinted from Computer, Volume 38, Issue 11, November 2005, pages 23-31. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of the University of Pennsylvania's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to pubs-permissions@ieee.org. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it. This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cis_papers/222
TEKNOLOGI PENGURUSAN PENGETAHUAN (TPP): PENGARUH SIKAP, NORMA SUBJEKTIF DAN PERSEPSI KAWALAN GELAGAT

This study adopted Ajzen’s Behaviour Planning Theory and Rogers’s Innovation Diffusion Theory in identifying whether attitude, subjective norms dan behaviour control perception have any influences on the acceptance of knowledge management technology (KMT) among knowledge workers in Malaysia. The study specifically focuses on the KMT as this technology seems to be currently applicable to most organisations. A survey adopting questionnaires as the instrument for data collection was used involving 162 respondents. Findings showed that both attitude and behaviour control perception are more significant in accepting KMT compared to social influence.Specifically, relative advantage perception, suitability, trialability and risk are also influencing the acceptance of KMT. The feel of confidence in KMT and the support from the government in the implementation of the k-economy are among other factors significant to the KMT acceptance.
Semidefinite Programming

Prior to 1984, linear and nonlinear programming, 4.1 one a subset of the other, had evolved for the most part along unconnected paths, without even a common terminology. (The use of " programming " to mean " optimization " serves as a persistent reminder of these differences.) Given some practical application of convex analysis, it may at first seem puzzling why a search for its solution ends abruptly with a formalized statement of the problem itself as a constrained optimization. The explanation is: typically we do not seek analytical solution because there are relatively few. (3.5.2, C) If a problem can be expressed in convex form, rather, then there exist computer programs providing efficient numerical global solution. [183] [423] [424] [422] [367] [353] The goal, then, becomes conversion of a given problem (perhaps a nonconvex or combinatorial problem statement) to an equivalent convex form or to an alternation of convex subproblems convergent to a solution of the original problem: By the fundamental theorem of Convex Optimization, any locally optimal point (solution) of a convex problem is globally optimal. [63, 4.2. 2] [324, 1] Given convex real objective function g and convex feasible set D ⊆ dom g , which is the set of all variable values satisfying the problem constraints, we pose a generic convex optimization problem minimize X g(X) subject to X ∈ D (685) 4.1 nascence of polynomial-time interior-point methods of solution [382] [420]. Linear programming ⊂ (convex ∩ nonlinear) programming.
Determination of predictors and risk factors in patients with multiple emergency surgical traumas.

BACKGROUND In the rescue and management of patients with multiple traumas, identifying and eliminating risk factors can guarantee a promising outcome. METHODS This was a prospective randomized cohort study in trauma patients in the Department of Surgery, Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, covering 17 months. Based on the cause of mortality, complications and discharge, the patients were divided into groups as non-survivor and complicated and non-complicated groups. The results were compared for the risk factor extraction. RESULTS From 125 studied patients, 27 died, 19 cases were complicated and 79 injured patients were successfully treated and discharged. Three extracted classifications as main (real), moderate and predictive risk factors were determined. Referral delay, delay in diagnosis and treatment, decreased blood pressure on arrival, multiple intra-abdominal visceral injuries, and severe acidosis were identified as the main risk factors. Age, multiple surgery and pitfalls, intensive care unit admittance, electrolyte imbalance, and mismanagement during transfer were identified as moderate risk factors. Low hemoglobin, hypoxemia, observation in multiple services, and distance of more than 100 kilometers were identified as predictive factors. CONCLUSION Elimination of the main risk factors is a substantial issue to decrease inevitable mortalities. Thus, attempt to shorten the lethal chain of the risk factors can lengthen a patient's life and improve the prognosis.
Single-Grain Si Thin-Film Transistors for Monolithic 3D-ICs and Flexible Electronics

We review our recent achievements in monolithic 3D-ICs and flexible electronics based on single-grain Si TFTs that are fabricated inside a single-grain with a low-temperature process. Based on pulsed-laser crystallization and submicron sized cavities made in the substrate, amorphous-Si precursor film was converted into poly-Si having grains that are formed on predetermined positions. Using the method called µ-Czochralski process and LPCVD a-Si precursor film, two layers of the SG Si TFT layers with the grains having a diameter of 6µm were vertically stacked with a maximum process temperature of 550°C. Mobility for electrons and holes were 600cm2/Vs and 200cm2/Vs, respectively. As a demonstration of monolithic 3D-ICs, the two SG-TFT layers were successfully implemented into CMOS inverter, 3D 6T-SRAM and single-grain lateral PIN photo-diode with in-pixel amplifier. The SG Si TFTs were applied to flexible electronics. In this case, the a-Si precursor was prepared by doctor-blade coating of liquid-Si based on pure cyclopentasilane (CPS) on a polyimide (PI) substrate with maximum process temperature of 350°C. The µ-Czochralski process provided location-controlled Si grains with a diameter of 3µm and mobilities of 460 and 121cm2/Vs for electrons and holes, respectively, were obtained. The devices on PI were transferred to a plastic foil which can operate with a bending diameter of 6mm. Those results indicate that the SG TFTs are attractive for their use in both monolithic 3D-ICs and flexible electronics.