Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Genetic Relationship Between Eucalyptus Species in Iraq

Environmental factors that damage plant cells by dehydrating them, such cold, drought, and high salinity, are the most common environmental stresses that have an impact on plant growth, development, and productivity in cultivated regions around the world. Several types of plants have several drought, salinity, and cold inducible genes that make them tolerant to environmental challenges. The purpose of this study was to investigate several species in Eucalyptus plants and determined the evolutionary descent between different species of Eucalyptus. Samples from plants were used to extract genomic DNA. After sequence methods with phylogenetic analysis using MEGA6, program. According to our findings, demonstrate that the sequences of several spp. were submitted to Gene Bank: E. alba (OP696606.1), E. bortryoides (OP696601.1), E. camaldulensis (OP696607.1), E. curtisii (OP696596.1), E. delegatensis (OP696604.1), E. erythrocorys (OP696599.1), E. globoidea (OP696597.1), E. leucoxylon (OP696598.1), E. macarthurii (OP696610.1), E. nicholii (OP696602.1), E. pauciflora (OP696603.1), E. siderophloia (OP696605.1), E. tereticornis (OP696611.1), and E. vicina (OP696608.1). These genes can be used to create crop plants that are resistant to drought.
Effect of Addition Different Levels of Kojic Acid and Sodium Alginate as a substitutes of conventional Antibiotic on the Characteristics of Cryopreserved Semen of Buffalo Bulls

This experiment examined the effects of adding sodium alginate and KOJIC acid as substitutes of Conventional antibiotics to soybean lecithin extender on the characteristics of cryopreserved and frozen buffalo bull semen, as well as evaluation of their additions as antibiotics that to help lowering the microbial load. Following the collection and dilution of in the soybean lecithin extender, the experimental treatments were separated into five groups, as follows: T1: (control-) without adding any antibiotics; T2: (control+) adding the conventional antibiotics Gentamicin 0.4 IU and Tylosin 0.08 IU per 100 ml; T3: adding Kojic acid at (0.06 g/L) T4: adding sodium alginate at (0.6 mg/mL)T5: adding a combination of Kojic acid (0.06 g/liter) with sodium alginate (0.6 mg/ml) The diluted semen was cryopreserved in accordance with the recommended procedure, and characteristics of the Cryopreserved semen were then assessed. These characteristics included sperm viability and individual motility, as well as bacteriological tests that measured the total number of bacteria in the treatments, the total number of E. coli bacteria, and total number of Staphylococcus bacteria for both cooled and frozen semen after 2 hours, 48 hours, 2 months, and 3 months post cryopreservation Results of the study revealed A significant enhancement differences (p 0.05) for the treatments T3, T4 and T5in the percentages of Individual motility and viability in comparison to the two control groups, as well as significant reduction( P 0.05) in the total number of bacteria and the total number of E. coli and Staphylococcus bacteria for treatments T3, T4 and T5after all periods at cooling and freezing in compared with the two control groups. it is concluded from the current experiment that addition of Sodium alginate and Kojic acid as an alternative substitute for commonly used antibiotics to the semen extender has a significant role in enhancing some characteristics of the buffalo bulls’ semen and helped to reduce the microbial load to a minimum.
The application of ionization technology to reduce water pollutant level of domestic wastewater

Increased human activity in households leads to an increase in the amount of wastewater. Domestic wastewater comes from organic matter, namely food waste and detergents which contain high total suspended solids phosphorus (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). This can reduce environmental quality if the waste is disposed of directly without prior treatment. one of the treatments is by applying ionization. Ionization technology is used in the treatment process by using ions, high energy electrons, and active species to remove color and organic compounds through the flow of direct current (DC) from the anode to the cathode. This series of studies connects ionization technology with contact times of 30 and 60 minutes with an electric voltage of 20 kV which aims to reduce the level of wastewater pollutants in the Tunjungsari 2 Tembalang boarding house. Among the analyzed wastewater parameters, we succeeded in reducing wastewater pollutants, namely TSS removal reached 54.85%, BOD 85.99%, COD 79.45%, ammonia 55.06%, fatty oil 78.77%, total coliform 85.71% and pH conditions increased in value up to 54.38%. For optimal results, it is better to improve the ionization technology series from procedures to analysis.
Enhancing Vegetative Growth by Adding Phosphorus, Silicon, and Citric Acid to Pepper Plants Cultivated in Plastic Greenhouses

The research was conducted in a plastic greenhouse at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad - Jadiriyah Campus, during the 2021-2022 season, to study the effect of phosphorus, silicon, and citric acid on pepper plants using a factorial experiment design with three replicates. The first factor had three levels of phosphorus (0, 160, and 320 kg P2O5 per hectare), the second factor had three levels of potassium silicate (0, 75, and 100 kg per hectare), and the third factor had four levels of citric acid (0, 2, 4, and 6 kg per hectare). The statistical analysis showed that treatment P2S2C1 resulted in an increase in the main stem diameter (25.10 mm), treatment P3S3C1 led to an increase in the main branch diameter (16.10 mm), and treatment P3S3C2 showed an increase in the diameter of secondary and tertiary branches (13.50 mm and 8.90 mm, respectively). Treatment P2S3C1 resulted in an increased number of leaves and the dry weight of the total vegetative mass (1286.7 leaves and 415.0 g plant-1 respectively). Treatment P3S2C4 led to an increase in the dry weight of roots (25.47 g plant-1), treatment P2S3C4 showed an increased number of fruits (48.34 fruits plant-1), and treatment P3S3C4 resulted in an increased total yield (4.87 tons greenhouse-1).
Response of Rose Growth and Flowering to NPK and Potassium Silicates Application and Spraying with Magnesium

This study was conducted in a lath house, Dept. Of Hort. and Landscape, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Univ. Baghdad, Al-Jadriya during 2022 growing season to investigate influence of mineral fertilizers NPK, potassium silicate and spraying with magnesium (Disper Mg) on some vegetative growth characteristics and flowering of one year’s old of Wiener Charme rose cultivar. Factors of study experiment included addition of two levels of mineral fertilizers NPK (without addition (C0) and 5 g.transplant-1 (C100), while potassium silicate was added with three levels; without added (S0), adding at 200 mg.L-1 (S200) and adding at 300 mg.L-1 (S300), As for magnesium fertilizer treatments, they were sprayed in three levels (0, 7.5, and 15 g.L-1), which are denoted by symbols M0, M7.5, and M15, respectively. Treatments were replicated three times (four plants in experimental unit) at factorial experiment in a RCBD and thus number of plants used was 216 plants. The experimental results showed that chemical fertilizers at 5 g.L-1(C100) significantly increased in plant height of 16.24 cm, leaf nitrogen content of 1.287 %, leaf phosphor content of 0.349 %, flowers number of 17.64 flower.plant-1 and floral stem length of 20.33 cm. Results also showed that potassium silicate application, showed significant superiority in increased in plant height of 18.66 cm, leaf nitrogen content of 1.286 %, leaf phosphor content of 0.374 %, flowers number of 17.25 flower.plant-1 and floral stem length of 20.04 cm. Magnesium spray especially spraying at 15 g.L-1 excelled in increasing of plant height of 16.07 cm, leaf nitrogen content of 1.289 %, leaf phosphor content of 0.367 %, flowers number of 17.08 flower.plant-1 and floral stem length of 20.62 cm. Twice and triple interactions between study factors significantly affected in all studied traits.
Effect Concentrations of LIMITLESS WG Herbicides and Varieties on the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Associated Weeds

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its associated weeds were grown in an experiment at two sites in Nineveh during the agricultural season of 2021-2022. The first site was in the Al-Hamdaniya/ Al-Balawat village, district, 40 km southeast of the city center. The second site was in the Tal Kaif / AL-abbasiya district, 15 km north of the city center. Control treatment was LIMITLESS-25 (25% less than the recommended concentration, 75% a.i. of the recommended concentration), LIMITLESS R.C. (100%, a.i. the recommended concentration), and LIMITLESS +25 (more than the recommended concentration by 25% a.i.). The experiment included two wheat varieties (Tal Afar 3 and Wafia) and three concentrations of LIMITLESS WG Herbicide. We employed a factorial experiment design (split-plot) for our study, with herbicides in the main plot and cultivars in the sub-plot, and we compared the means of the treatments with Duncan’s multiple range test. Weed total weight and efficiency ratio were both reduced to record lows by the Limitless R.C. and Limitless + 25 at the Al-Balawat site, and by the Limitless + 25 at the Telkif site, where the latter achieved a ratio of 49.21%. The maximum yield was found in Telkif for Limitless R.C. , which was 260.578 g/m-2.
Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Syntrichia intermedia on some Yeasts Isolated from Mobile Phones and the User’s Finger

Syntrichia intermedia was isolated from the Amadiya region in northern Iraq for the first time, as it was used against the yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis, Candida krusei and the yeast Meyerozyma caribbica isolated fore the first one and registered as a new strain in the Gen Bank of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) with identification number LC723825.1. Three methods were used to determine the effect of the alcoholic extract of S. intermedia at the following concentrations, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg/ml against yeast isolates, When using the first method-turbidity measurement the concentrations were shown starting from 1 mg/ml an inhibitory effect respectively up to the highest concentration of 10 mg/ml against yeast B. bruxellensis, C. krusei and M. caribbica. and When using the second method-disc diffusion the following concentration showed the highest inhibition percentage the concentration of 2 mg / ml with a diameter of (12.50 mm) against the yeast B. bruxellensis. and The concentrations 1 with a diameter of (11.0 mm) against the yeast C. krusei and The concentrations 4 mg / ml with a diameter of (11.50 mm) Compared with the antibiotic Nystatin which showed a higher percentage of inhibition than the alcoholic extract, While the third method-diffusion by wells was used and the concentration of 4 mg / ml showed the highest percentage of inhibition with a diameter of (23.0 mm) for yeast B. bruxellensis and a concentration of 6 mg / ml showed the highest percentage of inhibition with a diameter of (19.00 mm) against yeast C. krusei. and a concentration of 8 mg / ml showed the highest percentage of inhibition with a diameter of (15.67 mm) against yeast M. caribbica compared with the antibiotic Nystatin, which showed less inhibition than the alcoholic extract, so the yeast B. bruxellensis was more sensitive to the alcoholic extract, followed by the yeast M. caribbica. Then the yeast When using the method of diffusion by discs and digging, either by measuring the turbidity the yeast M. caribbica was the most sensitive to the alcoholic extract followed by C. krusei Then the yeast B. bruxellensis, so the turbidity measurement method is considered one of the best methods that can be used to measure the effect of the alcoholic extract because of measuring the turbidity using a spectrophotometer, followed by the diffusion method by wells, then the method of diffusion by discs.
Extraction of B-galactosidase Enzyme from Lacticacid Bacteria

The dairy industry has employed the B-galactosidase enzyme (EC 3.2.1.23) to reduce lactose intolerance. The ability of probiotic Lactobacillus spp. to produce B-galactosadase enzyme and hydrolyze 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-D-galactopyranoside (X-Gal) and ONPG was investigated. Through the use of sontication to lyse the cell, crude enzyme extract was produced. Ortho-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) was used as an enzyme substrate in order to measure the B-galactosidase enzyme activity. B-galactosidase activity is demonstrated by blue-colored colonies of Lactobacillus spp. on X-Gal plates. The ideal temperature and pH for the synthesis of B-galactosidase were pH 7 and 40 °C. People who are lactose intolerant may benefit from Lactobacillus spp. , which produces B-galactosidase enzyme as a probiotic for dairy products.
Efficacy of Indigenous Entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana Isolate for the Control Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Spodoptera littoralis is a serious threat to tomato production worldwide as it can cause yield losses. The farmers used to use synthetic chemical insecticides to control this pest, which unfortunately selects resistant populations and entails public health risks. The aim of this study was to evaluate of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana isolate against different stages of S. littolars life. Results show high significant differences between the three concentrations of suspensions and fungi exudates of B. bassiana in addition differences among time of exposure on ratio of eggs hatching of S. littoralis the high rate of affected of B. bassiana suspension registered at concentration of 1×108 and at concentration 75% of B. bassiana exudates it was reached 32.28% and 34.15% respectively. The study showed that the mortality on 1st and 6th instar larvae of S. littoralis increased as concentration of fungi exudates of B. bassiana increased, it had been 20.51%, 24.65%and 33.45% at concertation 25%, 50%and 75% on 1st instar and reached 3.33%,7.78% and 12.67% on 6th instar of S. littoralis larvae respectively. Moreover suspension fungi of B. bassiana superior at the concentration 1×10 8conidia/1ml of distilled water in the mortality of 1st and 6th instar of S. littolaris larvae with a mortality rate 35.41% and 15.37% respectively.the results showed eggs and 1st instar of of S. littolaris larvae more sensitive to suspensions and fungi exudates of B. bassiana than the 6th instar.
Steroidogenesis and androgen / estrogen signaling pathways are altered in in vitro 1 matured testicular tissues of prepubertal mice 2 3 Short title : In vitro testicular steroidogenesis

1 matured testicular tissues of prepubertal mice 2 3 Short title: In vitro testicular steroidogenesis 4 5 Laura Moutard, Caroline Goudin, Catherine Jaeger, Céline Duparc, Estelle Louiset, Tony 6 Pereira, François Fraissinet, Marion Delessard, Justine Saulnier, Aurélie Rives-Feraille, 7 Christelle Delalande, Hervé Lefebvre, Nathalie Rives, Ludovic Dumont, Christine 8 Rondanino. 9 10 1 Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm, NorDic, UMR 1239, Adrenal and Gonadal 11 Pathophysiology team, F-76000 Rouen, France 12 Department of General Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, F-76000 Rouen, France 13 Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, OeReCa, F-14000 Caen 14 * Corresponding author: christine.rondanino@univ-rouen.fr 15
Symptom clusters associated with complementary and alternative medicine use by cancer patients: A cross-sectional study

Background Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a commonly used approach among cancer patients, with a reported prevalence of 14.8 to 73.1% depending on multiple factors. Even though a typical patient-reported reason for using CAM is symptom control, no conclusive evidence could be established for specific symptoms being a predictor for CAM use. Symptom clusters are a novel approach for assessing a multidimensional symptom burden, reflecting the impact of diseases on the patient’s quality of life and considering the tendency of symptoms to occur in groups. Material and methods A single-center cross-sectional study on cancer patients during oncological or palliative care was conducted to identify socio-demographical and clinical characteristics, including symptom clusters of CAM users and non-users. Symptom clusters were defined using latent profile analysis, and multivariable analyses were performed to assess significant factors influencing CAM use. Results Of 171 cancer patients in this study, 63.7% used CAM alongside oncological treatment or palliative care. The most common CAM therapies were biological and physical therapies, including homeopathy (30.3%), supplements (27.4%), herbs (26.6%), massage (24.8%), and acupuncture (22.0%). Four distinct symptom clusters were identified, of which the cluster drowsiness-depression-anxiety was associated with a 3.83-fold increased chance of using CAM compared to low-symptomatic cancer patients. Multivariate analysis did not show any additional significant predictors of socio-demographical factors. Conclusion Using the concept of symptom clusters revealed a significant predictor for CAM use, suggesting to be a more conclusive method for assessing symptom burden in cancer patients. In addition, understanding why and how cancer patients turn to CAM can enhance the quality of multidisciplinary communication about its use.
A novel skin grafting modality: prefabricated large sheet of postage-stamp autografts and allografts to repair extensive burn wounds; a prospective matched-control study

Background: The excessively long operative time has been the greatest barrier to the success of transplanting postage-stamp auto- and allografts directly and piece-by-piece onto extensive burn wounds. To solve this challenge, the authors present a novel grafting modality, that is, the prefabricated-large-sheet grafting that moves the labor-intensive and time-consuming process of grafts-positioning before grafting and thereby markedly shortens the operative time. Methods: Twenty-one operations using the novel modality were performed on 11 patients with extensive deep burns. The grafting time using the novel modality was recorded and compared with that of the conventional piece-by-piece grafting. Eventually, the take rates of the two modalities were compared. Results: All patients were healed and discharged. The average grafting time per unit area (100 cm2) of prefabricated-large-sheet grafting and piece-by-piece grafting were (0.41±0.09) min and (7.46±1.07) min, respectively, and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.001). The average take rate of the prefabricated sheets was (85.43±6.14)% and that of the piece-by-piece transplanted grafts was (87.29±5.23)% and there is no significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusions: The prefabricated-large-sheet grafting significantly reduces the intraoperative grafting time while ensures uniformity of the skin grafts and secures good outcomes, thereby making the intermingled transplantation of postage-stamp auto- and allografts, which has been an excellent modality per se but limited to repair small residual wounds, now feasible to repair extensive deep burn wounds. It is worth wider understanding and application in the treatment of extensive deep burns.
A universal protocol for high-quality DNA and RNA isolation from diverse plant species

Next-generation sequencing demands high-quality nucleic acid, yet isolating DNA and RNA is often challenging, particularly from plant tissues. Despite advances in developing various kits and reagents, these products are tailored to isolation of nucleic acid from model plant tissues. Here we introduce a universal lysis buffer to separate nucleic acid from various plant species, including recalcitrant plants, to facilitate molecular analyses, such as quantitative PCR (qPCR), transcriptomics, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The protocol is a modification of the original CTAB methods, which leads to nucleic acid isolation from many plant species, including monocots and eudicots. The lysis buffer consists of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium chloride (NaCl), Tris base, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and β-mercaptoethanol (βME). The modified CTAB method enables the isolation of nucleic acid from small amounts of plant tissues (e.g., 15–100 mg) in a timely manner, which is well-suited for a large number of samples and also when adequate sample collection is a limiting factor. The protocol isolates not only DNA from various plant species but also RNA. This makes it highly effective for molecular analyses compared to previously described CTAB methods optimised for DNA isolation. The appropriate concentration of the components enables high-quality DNA and RNA isolation from plant tissues simultaneously. Additionally, this protocol is compatible with commercially available columns. For DNA and RNA to be qualified for next-generation sequencing platforms, the protocol is supplemented with columns to purify either DNA or RNA from the same tissue to meet high standards for sequencing analyses. This protocol provides an ideal approach to overcome potential obstacles in isolating high-quality DNA or RNA from a wide range of plant species for downstream molecular analysis.
Repeatability of adaptation in sunflowers reveals that genomic regions harbouring inversions also drive adaptation in species lacking an inversion

Local adaptation commonly involves alleles of large effect, which experience fitness advantages when in positive linkage disequilibrium (LD). Because segregating inversions suppress recombination and facilitate the maintenance of LD between locally adapted loci, they are also commonly found to be associated with adaptive divergence. However, it is unclear what fraction of an adaptive response can be attributed to inversions and alleles of large effect, and whether the loci within an inversion could still drive adaptation in the absence of its recombination-suppressing effect. Here, we use genome-wide association studies to explore patterns of local adaptation in three species of sunflower: Helianthus annuus, Helianthus argophyllus, and Helianthus petiolaris, which each harbour a large number of species-specific inversions. We find evidence of significant genome-wide repeatability in signatures of association to phenotypes and environments, which are particularly enriched within regions of the genome harbouring an inversion in one species. This shows that while inversions may facilitate local adaptation, at least some of the loci can still harbour mutations that make substantial contributions without the benefit of recombination suppression in species lacking a segregating inversion. While a large number of genomic regions show evidence of repeated adaptation, most of the strongest signatures of association still tend to be species-specific, indicating substantial genotypic redundancy for local adaptation in these species.