Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amphipathic DNA Polymers Exhibit Antiherpetic Activity In Vitro and In Vivo

ABSTRACT Phosphorothioated oligonucleotides have a sequence-independent antiviral activity as amphipathic polymers (APs). The activity of these agents against herpesvirus infections in vitro and in vivo was investigated. The previously established sequence-independent, phosphorothioation-dependent antiviral activity of APs was confirmed in vitro by showing that a variety of equivalently sized homo- and heteropolymeric AP sequences were similarly active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection in vitro compared to the 40mer degenerate parent compound (REP 9), while the absence of phosphorothioation resulted in the loss of antiviral activity. In addition, REP 9 demonstrated in vitro activity against a broad spectrum of other herpesviruses: HSV-2 (50% effective concentration [EC50], 0.02 to 0.06 μM), human cytomegalovirus (EC50, 0.02 to 0.13 μM), varicella zoster virus (EC50, <0.02 μM), Epstein-Barr virus (EC50, 14.7 μM) and human herpesvirus types 6A/B (EC50, 2.9 to 10.2 μM). The murine microbicide model of genital HSV-2 was then used to evaluate in vivo activity. REP 9 (275 mg/ml) protected 75% of animals from disease and infection when provided 5 or 30 min prior to vaginal challenge. When an acid-stable analog (REP 9C) was used, 75% of mice were protected when treated with 240 mg/ml 5 min prior to infection (P < 0.001), while a lower dose (100 mg/ml) protected 100% of the mice (P < 0.001). The acid stable REP 9C formulation also provided protection at 30 min (83%, P < 0.001) and 60 min (50%, P = 0.07) against disease. These observations suggest that APs may have microbicidal activity and potential as broad-spectrum antiherpetic agents and represent a novel class of agents that should be studied further.
A real time OCSVM Intrusion Detection module with low overhead for SCADA systems

In this paper we present a intrusion detection module capable of detecting malicious network traffic in a SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system. Malicious data in a SCADA system disrupt its correct functioning and tamper with its normal operation. OCSVM (One-Class Support Vector Machine) is an intrusion detection mechanism that does not need any labeled data for training or any information about the kind of anomaly is expecting for the detection process. This feature makes it ideal for processing SCADA environment data and automate SCADA performance monitoring. The OCSVM module developed is trained by network traces off line and detect anomalies in the system real time. In order to decrease the overhead induced by communicated alarms we propose a new detection mechanism that is based on the combination of OCSVM with a recursive k-means clustering procedure. The proposed intrusion detection module K? OCSVMis capable to distinguish severe alarms from possible attacks regardless of the values of parameters and , making it ideal for real-time intrusion detection mechanisms for SCADA systems. The most severe alarms are then communicated with the use of IDMEF files to an IDSIDS (Intrusion Detection System) system that is developed under CockpitCI project. Alarm messages carry information about the source of the incident, the time of the intrusion and a classification of the alarm.
Acute Phase Proteins as Markers of Infectious Diseases in small Animals / Proteini Akutne Faze Kao Markeri Infektivnih Bolesti Malih Životinja

Abstract During the acute phase response, there is an increased production and release of certain proteins known as acute phase proteins (APPs) which can be produced by hepatocytes and peripheral tissues such as C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP). These proteins have been investigated as markers of various infectious diseases in small animals and the purpose of this review is to update the current knowledge about APPs in infectious diseases in dogs and cats. Tokom odgovora akutne faze, postoji poveć ana proizvodnja i oslobađanje određenih proteina, poznatih kao proteini akutne faze (APP), koje mogu proizvesti hepatociti i periferna tkiva. Proteini akutne faze su C-reaktivni protein (CRP), serumski amiloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), alfa-1 kiseli glikoprotein (AGP). Ovi proteini su ispitivani kao markeri raznih infektivnih oboljenja pasa i mačaka. Svrha ovog rada je da se ažuriraju savremena saznanja o APP tokom zaraznih bolesti pasa i mačaka
Avaliação de dialetos brasileiros: o sotaque

This paper presents scores of attitude tests applied in five Brazilian cities: Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, Florianopolis, Joao Pessoa and Porto Alegre. The results made possible the identification of a narrow relationship between self-confidence and cultural identity: the more people in a city are aware of the difference between their dialect and the dialect used by the media the proudes they are of their accent. It is exactly this accent which received the highest scores of acceptability by the speakers of other accents.
On Precision-Redundancy Relation in the Design of Source Coding Algorithms

Consider an m-ary memoryless source, producing symbols alpha<sub>1</sub>,. , alpha<sub>m</sub> with probabilities p<sub>1</sub>, . , p<sub>m</sub>. We assume that instead of true probabilities, we have to use their approximate values pcirc<sub>1</sub>, . , pcirc<sub>m</sub> with maximum absolute error: delta* = max<sub>i</sub>|p<sub>i</sub> - pcirc<sub>i</sub>| . By P<sub>min</sub> = min<sub>i</sub> {p<sub>i</sub>} we denote the smallest source's probability. We assume that p<sub>min</sub> > 0, and that it is relatively large w.r. t approximation error delta*/p<sub>min</sub> < 1.
Cytoadhesion to gC1qR through Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 in Severe Malaria

Cytoadhesion of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes to gC1qR has been associated with severe malaria, but the parasite ligand involved is currently unknown. To assess if binding to gC1qR is mediated through the P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family, we analyzed by static binding assays and qPCR the cytoadhesion and var gene transcriptional profile of 86 P. falciparum isolates from Mozambican children with severe and uncomplicated malaria, as well as of a P. falciparum 3D7 line selected for binding to gC1qR (Pf3D7gC1qR). Transcript levels of DC8 correlated positively with cytoadhesion to gC1qR (rho = 0.287, P = 0.007), were higher in isolates from children with severe anemia than with uncomplicated malaria, as well as in isolates from Europeans presenting a first episode of malaria (n = 21) than Mozambican adults (n = 25), and were associated with an increased IgG recognition of infected erythrocytes by flow cytometry. Pf3D7gC1qR overexpressed the DC8 type PFD0020c (5.3-fold transcript levels relative to Seryl-tRNA-synthetase gene) compared to the unselected line (0.001-fold). DBLβ12 from PFD0020c bound to gC1qR in ELISA-based binding assays and polyclonal antibodies against this domain were able to inhibit binding to gC1qR of Pf3D7gC1qR and four Mozambican P. falciparum isolates by 50%. Our results show that DC8-type PfEMP1s mediate binding to gC1qR through conserved surface epitopes in DBLβ12 domain which can be inhibited by strain-transcending functional antibodies. This study supports a key role for gC1qR in malaria-associated endovascular pathogenesis and suggests the feasibility of designing interventions against severe malaria targeting this specific interaction.
Resolution-Exact Planner for Non-Crossing 2-Link Robot

We consider the motion planning problem for a 2-link robot amidst polygonal obstacles. The two links are normally allowed to cross each other, but in this paper, we introduce the non-crossing version of this robot. This 4DOF configuration space is novel and interesting. Using the recently introduced algorithmic framework of Soft Subdivision Search (SSS), we design a resolution-exact planner for this robot. We introduce a new data structure for representing boxes and doing subdivision in this non-crossing configuration space. Our implementation achieved real-time performance for a suite of non-trivial obstacle sets.
On the nature of the galactic early-B hypergiants

Aims. Despite their importance to a number of astrophysical fields , the lifecycles of very massive stars are still poorly define d. In order to address this shortcoming, we present a detailed quantitative study of the physical properties of four early-B hypergiants (BHGs) of spectral type B1-4 Ia + ; Cyg OB2 #12, � 1 Sco, HD 190603 and BP Cru. These are combined with an analysis of their long-term spectroscopic and photometric behaviour in order to determine their evolutionary status. Methods. Quantitative analysis of UV‐radio photometric and spectroscopic datasets was undertaken with a non-LTE model atmosphere code in order to derive physical parameters for comparison with apparently closely related objects, such as B supergiants (BSGs) and luminous blue variables (LBVs), and theoretical evolutionary predictions. Results. The long-term photospheric and spectroscopic datasets compiled for the early-B HGs revealed that they are remarkably stable over long periods (≥40 yrs), with the possible exception of � 1 Sco prior to the 20 th century; in contrast to the typical excursions that characterise LBVs. Quantitative analysis of � 1 Sco, HD 190603 and BP Cru yielded physical properties intermediate between BSGs and LBVs; we therefore suggest that BHGs are the immediate descendants and progenitors (respectively) of such stars, for initial masses in the range∼ 30− 60M⊙. Comparison of the properties of � 1 Sco with the stellar population of its host cluster/association NGC 6231/Sco OB1 provides further support for such an evolutionary scenario. In contrast, while the wind properties of Cyg OB2 #12 are consistent with this hypothesis, the combination of extreme luminosity and spectroscopic mass (∼ 110M⊙) and comparatively low temperature means it cannot be accommodated in such a scheme. Likewise, despite its co-location with several LBVs above the Humphreys-Davidson (HD) limit, the lack of long term variability and its unevolved chemistry apparently excludes such an identification. Since such massive stars are not expe cted to evolve to such cool temperatures, instead traversing an O46Ia→O4-6Ia + →WN7-9ha pathway, the properties of Cyg OB2 #12 are therefore diffi cult to understand under current evolutionary paradigms. Finally, we note that as with AG Car in its cool phase, despite exceeding the HD limit, the properties of Cyg OB2 #12 imply that it lies below the Eddington limit - thus we conclude that the HD limit does not define a region of the HR diagram inh erently inimical to the presence of massive stars.
Elaboración de una Escala de Apoyo Social (EAS) para adultos* Elaboration of a Social Support Scale for adults

El apoyo social se ha definido como las transacciones interpersonales instru -mentales que implican ayuda en todas sus vertientes, tales como emocional, economica, implicita, explicita, etc. La presente investigacion tuvo como objetivo elaborar una escala que midiera el apoyo social para la poblacion mexicana en situacion de pobreza. Se tomaron como base dos instrumentos: la
Nanoscale ferroelectrics: processing, characterization and future trends

This review paper summarizes recent advances in the quickly developing field of nanoscale ferroelectrics, analyses its current status and considers potential future developments. The paper presents a brief survey of the fabrication methods of ferroelectric nanostructures and investigation of the size effects by means of scanning probe microscopy. One of the focuses of the review will be the study of kinetics of nanoscale ferroelectric switching in inhomogeneous electrical and elastic fields. Another emphasis will be made on tailoring the electrical and mechanical properties of ferroelectrics with a viewpoint of fabrication of nanoscale domain structures.
Controlling cancer pain.

The following offers a brief guide to effectively controlling a patient's cancer pain. The incidence of cancer pain is commonly overestimated by both the general public and health care professionals. There are many beliefs that all cancers lead to a one patient in four with cancer will not experience pain( 1 ). Cancer pain can be effectively managed through a variety of means, yet it is, in fact, frequently under treated and poorly controlled by health care professionals(2- 3). Forty thousand cancer patients in the UK the in severe pain each year( 4 ).
The value of sedentary alternatives influences child physical activity choice

The choice to be physically active or sedentary depends in part on the value of the alternatives that are available. The shift from sedentary to active alternatives may be a function of the value of the sedentary alternatives. To evaluate the influence of the value of the sedentary alternatives on the choice to be physically active or sedentary, 30 nonobese 8–12-year-old youth were randomized in groups that provided a choice between 4 active alternatives or 4 sedentary alternatives (Group 1), their least valued sedentary activity (Group 2), or their most valued sedentary activity (Group 3), on computerized and questionnaire versions of a behavioral choice task. The computer task required participants to work for access to the alternatives. The work required to obtain access to the active alternatives remained constant for all choices, while the work required to gain access to the sedentary alternatives progressively increased. Compared to Groups 1 and 3, participants in Group 2 chose to be sedentary less often as they had to make a choice between being physically active or sedentary on the computerized (p <.005) and the questionnaire version (p <.05) of the behavioral choice task, which correlated r = . 54, p < . 01. These results suggest interventions designed to increase physical activity by reducing access to sedentary behaviors may need to consider the value of the targeted sedentary behavior and the extent to which the sedentary behaviors compete with physical activity.
Improved developmental competence of swampbuffalo oocytes matured in the presence of Cysteamine.

The study examined the effect of cysteamine addition on the acquisition of swamp buffalo oocytes developmental competence in vitro and on the intracytoplasmicglutathione level. In a dose dependent manner, results showed significant improvement on the maturation, penetration and MPN formation of oocytes cultured with 50 μM cysteamine. Also, improved cleavage and development to the blastocyst stage were observed in oocytes matured with cysteamine addition (23.0%) versus the control (11.1%). Similarly, the intracytoplasmic glutathione level improved in oocytes cultured with cysteamine versus the control though remained lower compared to in vivo matured oocytes. Overall, the results suggest that an increase in the intracellular glutathione level of swamp buffalo oocytes as induced by cysteamine during maturation provided the oocytes with a favorable intracellular condition to support maturation, fertilization and the subsequent embryonic development in vitro.
Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Dairy Goat MicroRNAs from Dry Period and Peak Lactation Mammary Gland Tissues

Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that serve as important post-transcriptional gene expression regulators by targeting messenger RNAs for post-transcriptional endonucleolytic cleavage or translational inhibition. miRNAs play important roles in many biological processes. Extensive high-throughput sequencing studies of miRNAs have been performed in several animal models. However, little is known about the diversity of these regulatory RNAs in goat (Capra hircus), which is one of the most important agricultural animals and the oldest domesticated species raised worldwide. Goats have long been used for their milk, meat, hair (including cashmere), and skins throughout much of the world. Results In this study, two small RNA libraries were constructed based on dry period and peak lactation dairy goat mammary gland tissues and sequenced using the Illumina-Solexa high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 346 conserved and 95 novel miRNAs were identified in the dairy goat. miRNAs expression was confirmed by qRT-PCR in nine tissues and in the mammary gland during different stages of lactation. In addition, several candidate miRNAs that may be involved in mammary gland development and lactation were found by comparing the miRNA expression profiles in different tissues and developmental stages of the mammary gland. Conclusions This study reveals the first miRNAs profile related to the biology of the mammary gland in the dairy goat. The characterization of these miRNAs could contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of lactation physiology and mammary gland development in the dairy goat.
Outils d'aide à la décision pour le lissage de charges des plateformes logistiques

Cette etude propose d'inclure des contraintes realistes peu prises en compte dans la litterature des plateformes logistiques, qui s'est fortement concentree sur l'agencement des zones de stockage et les techniques de picking. L'objectif de notre travail est de concevoir des outils d'aide a la decision et des methodes de resolution pour la planification et l'ordonnancement. Dans ce papier nous nous limitons a la partie planification. Nous proposons un modele lineaire generique, pour lisser la charge de la plateforme et planifier la main d'oeuvre. Nous autorisons des modifications limitees (negociations) des dates d'arrivee et de depart des livraisons des fournisseurs et vers les clients. Il est possible d'embaucher du personnel additionnel et un nombre limite d'heures supplementaires par categorie de personnel peut etre utilise. Dans ce modele, nous prenons en compte quelques unes des fonctions importantes d'un entrepot, telles que des activites de groupage et/ou de degroupage. Les analyses experimentales de plusieurs configurations, pour des organisations des flux et du travail, nous permettent de comparer differents agencements de la plateforme et de mettre en evidence l'interet potentiel des negociations. Nous presentons des exemples numeriques et une analyse detaillee des resultats.
Four Types of Knowledge Integration Management in Interdisciplinary Research on Cities and the Environment

Abstract This article provides an overview on different types of managing interdisciplinary knowledge integration in environmental urban research projects: 1. "synthesis-then", 2. "synthesis-online", 3. "synthesis-first", 4. "synthesis-as contracted". We present two projects in the context of urban ecology, in order to discuss two types of integration management in more detail. In the "synthesis-first" type of project management, interdisciplinary knowledge integration is organized through "syntheses groups" that represent the relevant perspectives on a case. We introduce "synthesis-first" using the Zurich North case study as an example. In the "synthesis-online" type of project management, interdisciplinary knowledge integration is wanted but occurs only occasionally. As an example, we present the interdisciplinary Berlin project on urban ecology. This article argues that knowledge integration in general requires sufficient management and an audience for the products of knowledge integration (scientific or not). We emphasize the importance of "boundary objects" for interdisciplinary knowledge integration in general and for urban ecology in particular.
Sex Differences in the Hepatic Cholesterol Sensing Mechanisms in Mice

Cholesterol is linked to many multifactorial disorders, including different forms of liver disease where development and severity depend on the sex. We performed a detailed analysis of cholesterol and bile acid synthesis pathways at the level of genes and metabolites combined with the expression studies of hepatic cholesterol uptake and transport in female and male mice fed with a high-fat diet with or without cholesterol. Lack of dietary cholesterol led to a stronger response of the sterol sensing mechanism in females, resulting in higher expression of cholesterogenic genes compared to males. With cholesterol in the diet, the genes were down-regulated in both sexes; however, males maintained a more efficient hepatic metabolic flux through the pathway. Females had higher content of hepatic cholesterol but this was likely not due to diminished excretion but rather due to increased synthesis and absorption. Dietary cholesterol and sex were not important for gallbladder bile acids composition. Neither sex up-regulated Cyp7a1 upon cholesterol loading and there was no compensatory up-regulation of Abcg5 or Abcg8 transporters. On the other hand, females had higher expression of the Ldlr and Cd36 genes. These findings explain sexual dimorphism of cholesterol metabolism in response to dietary cholesterol in a high-fat diet in mice, which contributes to understanding the sex-basis of cholesterol-associated liver diseases.
From leadership-as-practice to leaderful practice

Consistent with views that see leadership emerging from social practices rather than from the external mind, this paper contributes to an emerging movement in leadership studies known as ‘leadership-as-practice’ (L-A-P). This movement looks for leadership in its music and activity rather than in the traits and heroics of individual actors. The article distinguishes L-A-P from the individualistic approach by explaining its intersection with its dualistic counterpart, theory; with the agency—structure problem; and with relationality and meaning in organizations. It calls for a modification in classic approaches to research methodology and to leadership development. L-A-P is advised to consider its natural affinity with democratic participation through leaderful practices that systematically privilege the co-creation of social organization.
Existence and uniqueness of monotone measure-preserving maps

Introduction. Given a pair of Borel probability measures # and v on Rd, it is natural to ask whether v can be obtained from # by redistributing its mass in a canonical way. In the case of the line d 1 the answer is clear: as long as both measures are free from atoms--#[{x}] v[{x}] 0mthere is a map y(x) of the line to itself for which Uniquely determined /-almost everywhere, this map may be taken to be nondecreasing by a suitable choice of y(x)e Rw {___o} at the remaining points. Interpreting # and v as the initial and final distribution of a one-dimensional fluid, the transformation y(x) gives a rearrangement of fluid particles yielding final state v from the initial state #; this rearrangement is characterized by the fact that it preserves particle ordering, obviating any need for two particles to cross. Although the generalization of this construction to higher dimensions is the focus of this paper, the one-dimensional case will be pursued slightly further: when the measures are absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue--d#(x)= f(x)dx and dr(y) g(y)dymthen, formally at least (neglecting regularity issues), the fundamental theorem of calculus yields