Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Behavior of Differently Oriented Electron Beam Melting Ti–6Al–4V Components Using Digital Image Correlation

Mechanical properties of additive manufactured metal components can be affected by the orientation of the layer deposition. In this investigation, Ti–6Al–4V cylindrical specimens were fabricated by electron beam melting (EBM) at four different build angles (0 deg, 30 deg, 60 deg, and 90 deg) and tested as per ASTM E8 Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. With the layer-by-layer fabrication suggesting granting anisotropic properties to the builds, strain fields were recorded by digital image correlation (DIC) in the search for shear effects under uniaxial loads. For the validation of this measuring method, axial strains were measured with a clip extensometer and a virtual extensometer, simultaneously. Failure analysis of the specimens at different orientations was conducted to evidence the recording of shear strain fields. The failure analysis included fractography, optical micrographs of the microstructure distribution, and failure profiles displaying different failure features associated with the layering orientation. Additionally, an experimental study case of how the failure mode of components can potentially be designed from the fabrication process is presented. At the end, remarks about the shear effects found, and an insight of the possibility of designing components by failure for safer structures are discussed.
Linear Time and the Power of One First-Order Universal Quantifier

The aim of this paper is to give two new logical characterizations of NLIN (nondeterministic linear time) improving significantly a previous characterization of E. Grandjean (1994, SIAM J. Comput. 23, 573-597; and F. Olive, 1998, Comput. Complexity 7, 54-97). It is known that NLIN coincides with the class of problems definable by formulas of the prenex form f1. fk ψ where the fi are unary function symbols and ψ is first-order, prenex, with only one universal quantifier. We show that the characterization remains true in the two following cases: (a) Unary functions are replaced by a single binary relation whose outdegree is bounded by some fixed constant h. (b) When only ordered structures are considered, unary functions are restricted to be bijective.
Fuzzy Control for Battery Equalization Based on State of Charge

Battery equalization, aiming at keeping the state of charge of inside cells in the same level, is of great importance to maximize the capacity of whole battery pack and keep cells away from overcharge and overdischarge damage. In this paper, based on the analysis of bi-directional Cuk converter, we have proposed a fuzzy controller to adaptively tune the equalizing current. The inputs of fuzzy controller are selected as the difference in state of charge, the average of state of charge and the total internal resistance. The overall performance of the proposed equalizer is evaluated by multi-indexes such as equalizing speed, efficiency and cell protection. Simulations are conducted based on a well established 6Ah Li-ion battery provided in Advisor. The results under various initial conditions show that the proposed equalizer has the ability to balance the equalizing speed and efficiency. Any pair of cells with difference in state of charge less than 0.3 can be equalized within one hour and with the energy efficiency around 0.95.
Consensus development methods, and their use in clinical guideline development.

Record Status This is a bibliographic record of a published health technology assessment from a member of INAHTA. No evaluation of the quality of this assessment has been made for the HTA database. Citation Murphy M K, Black N A, Lamping D L, McKee C M, Sanderson C F B, Askham J, Marteau T. Consensus development methods, and their use in clinical guideline development: a review. Health Technology Assessment 1998; 2(3): 1-88 Authors' objectives To identify the factors that affect the decisions that emerge from consensus development methods. To assess the implications of the findings for the development of clinical guidelines. To recommend further methodological research for improving the use of consensus development methods as a basis for guideline production.
Pathophysiology of the exocrine pancreas in cystic fibrosis.

Introduction upon chloride secretion, and it is easy to see that Cystic fibrosis (CF), an inherited condition ofunknown -defective' chloride transport might lead to relative cause, is characterized by abnormalities ofelectrolyte, dehydration ofthe luminal surface. Mucus secretions fluid and macromolecule secretion of-exocrine glands. in the4intestine are viscid and crypts appear to be Electrolyte abnormalities in sweat ducts provide distended2, and the high protein concentration of CF evidence of a secretory defect that appears to affect meconium suggests relative dehydration3. Similarly, all epithelial cells and probably accounts for most of hepatobiliary secretions contain high concentrations the primary pathological lesions affecting a variety of bile salts, despite'rpduced t6tal bile salt secretion4. of organs including the lungs, pancreas, hepatobiliary Furthermore, our studies of pancreatic pathology tree, intestine, and vas deferens. Multiple organ suggest that the "complex ductal system of the involvement needs to be explained by the probability pancreas, with it high protein load, and low luminal that a single gene defect accounts for the disease, flow of fluid, makes it susceptible to duct obstruction. together with strong physiological and biochemical We will provide data to show that this is a pathoevidence of a primary transport abnormality of logical feature of this disease. Physiological studies of epithelial tissue involving an electrogenic chloride the exocrine pancreas in the cat and rabbit, however, channel, or its regulation. suggest that secretin-sti'mulated bicarbonate secretion Recent exciting discoveries, which show evidence by the pancreatic duct accounts for the majority of of abnormal chloride transport in CF1, raise the fluid secretionu. 'Pancreatic bicarbonate secretion is question ofhow the gastrointestinal tract is affected. diminished in patients with CF, even when pancreatic These effects are summarized in Table 1. Water flux acinar fiunction is within the normal range, suggesting in the small intestine and colon is largely dependent that this defect is not the secondary result of
AN ACCRETING WHITE DWARF NEAR THE CHANDRASEKHAR LIMIT IN THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY

The intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) detection of the most recent outburst of the recurrent nova (RN) system RX J0045.4+4154 in the Andromeda galaxy has enabled the unprecedented study of a massive (M > 1.3 M☉) accreting white dwarf (WD). We detected this nova as part of the near-daily iPTF monitoring of M31 to a depth of R ≈ 21 mag and triggered optical photometry, spectroscopy and soft X-ray monitoring of the outburst. Peaking at an absolute magnitude of MR = −6.6 mag, and with a decay time of 1 mag per day, it is a faint and very fast nova. It shows optical emission lines of He/N and expansion velocities of 1900–2600 km s−1 1–4 days after the optical peak. The Swift monitoring of the X-ray evolution revealed a supersoft source (SSS) with kTeff ≈ 90–110 eV that appeared within 5 days after the optical peak, and lasted only 12 days. Most remarkably, this is not the first event from this system, rather it is an RN with a time between outbursts of approximately 1 yr, the shortest known. Recurrent X-ray emission from this binary was detected by ROSAT in 1992 and 1993, and the source was well characterized as a M > 1.3 M☉ WD SSS. Based on the observed recurrence time between different outbursts, the duration and effective temperature of the SS phase, MESA models of accreting WDs allow us to constrain the accretion rate to and WD mass >1.30 M☉. If the WD keeps 30% of the accreted material, it will take less than a Myr to reach core densities high enough for carbon ignition (if made of C/O) or electron capture (if made of O/Ne) to end the binary evolution.
The 3Ns Chromosome of Psathyrostachys huashanica Carries the Gene(s) Underlying Wheat Stripe Rust Resistance

Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis tritici (Pst)) is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat in the world. Exploiting and utilizing stripe rust resistance genes of wild species has become an essential strategy for resistance breeding. Psathyrostachyshuashanica Keng ex Kuo is a wild species in Triticeae that has been used for wheat improvement because of its high resistance or immunity to stripe rust. In this study, 9 wheat-P. huashanica addition lines were characterized by Giemsa C-banding, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and disease resistance evaluation. Giemsa C-banding and GISH demonstrated that lines 163-5, 165-1, 183-5, 240-3, and 240-4 are P. huashanica 3Ns chromosome monosomic addition lines; lines 183-1 and 183-20 are P. huashanica 3Ns chromosome disomic addition lines; line 165-20 is a P. huashanica 3Ns and 4Ns chromosomes double disomic addition line, and line 219-1 is a P. huashanica 1Ns and 3Ns/5A chromosomes double disomic addition-substitution line. All these addition lines with P. huashanica 3Ns chromosome(s) expressed high resistance or immunity to stripe rust. By comparing the series of wheat-P. huashanica chromosome addition lines, we concluded that the P. huashanica 3Ns chromosome carries the gene(s) for resistance or immunity to stripe rust. These addition lines can be used as a donor source of novel stripe rust resistance to wheat breeding programs.
Optimal Ramp Edge Detection Using Expansion Matching

In practical images, ideal step edges are actually transformed into ramp edges, due to the general low pass filtering nature of imaging systems. This paper discusses the application of the expansion matching (EXM) method for optimal ramp edge detection. EXM optimizes a novel matching criterion called discriminative signal-to-noise ratio (DSNR) and has been shown to robustly recognize templates under conditions of noise, severe occlusion, and superposition. We show that our ramp edge detector performs better than the ramp detector obtained from Canny's criteria in terms of DSNR and is relatively easier to derive for various noise levels and slopes.
Fabrication and testing of breast tissue-mimicking phantom for needle biopsy cutting - A pilot study

Breast tissue can be extremely stiff, e.g. calcification soft, e.g. adipose. When performing needle biopsy, too small or scanty samples can be retrieved due to the tissue is mainly compressed instead of being cut. In order to studying the tissue cutting performance in various cutting conditions, tissue-mimicking phantoms are frequently used as a surrogate of human tissue. The advantage of using tissue phantoms is that their mechanical properties can be controlled. The stiffness of a tissue phantom can be measured by an indentation test. Previous studies have demonstrated mathematic models to estimate Young’s moduli of tissue phantoms from force-displacement data with an adjustable coefficient according to the geometry of the indenter.
Interactions of polymorphisms in different clock genes associated with circadian phenotypes in humans

Several studies have shown that mutations and polymorphisms in clock genes are associated with abnormal circadian parameters in humans and also with more subtle non-pathological phenotypes like chronotypes. However, there have been conflicting results, and none of these studies analyzed the combined effects of more than one clock gene. Up to date, association studies in humans have focused on the analysis of only one clock gene per study. Since these genes encode proteins that physically interact with each other, combinations of polymorphisms in different clock genes could have a synergistic or an inhibitory effect upon circadian phenotypes. In the present study, we analyzed the combined effects of four polymorphisms in four clock genes (Per2, Per3, Clock and Bmal1) in people with extreme diurnal preferences (morning or evening). We found that a specific combination of polymorphisms in these genes is more frequent in people who have a morning preference for activity and there is a different combination in individuals with an evening preference for activity. Taken together, these results show that it is possible to detect clock gene interactions associated with human circadian phenotypes and bring an innovative idea of building a clock gene variation map that may be applied to human circadian biology.
Montreux , Switzerland , 01-03 June 2005 Design Automation Challenges for Microfluidics-Based Biochips *

Microfluidics-based biochips are soon expected to revolutionize clinical diagnosis, DNA sequencing, and other laboratory procedures involving molecular biology. As more bioassays are executed concurrently on a biochip, system integration and design complexity are expected to increase dramatically. Current techniques for full-custom design of digital microfluidic biochips however do not scale well for concurrent assays and for next-generation systemon-chip (SOC) designs that are expected to include fluidic components. We present here an overview of an integrated system-level design methodology that attempts to address key issues in the synthesis, testing and reconfiguration of digital microfluidics-based biochips. The proposed topdown design automation approach is expected to relieve biochip users from the burden of manual optimization of bioassays, time-consuming hardware design, and costly testing and maintenance procedures.
License plate localization and recognition under different illumination conditions

License Plate Recognition (LPR) is a key technology for many applications. But, most methods in the literature for LPR are only suitable for stable illumination environment. In this paper, we present an algorithm for both license plate localization and recognition in day time and night time. The first step of the proposed method is to enhance the image using high dynamic range (HDR). The tile correction and an adaptive segmentation based on image quality are applied to obtain upright characters. Finally, the combination of three well-known classifiers is used to achieve character recognition.
Bio-inspired multi-robot communication through behavior recognition

This paper focuses on enabling multi-robot teams to cooperatively perform tasks without the use of radio or acoustic communication. One key to more effective cooperative interaction in a multi-robot team is the ability to understand the behavior and intent of other robots. This is similar to the honey bee “waggle dance” in which a bee can communicate the orientation and distance of a food source. In this similar manner, our heterogenous multi-robot team uses a specific behavior to indicate the location of mine-like objects (MLOs). Observed teammate action sequences can be learned to perform behavior recognition and task-assignment in the absence of communication. We apply Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) to perform behavior recognition as an approach to task monitoring in the absence of communication in a challenging underwater environment. In order to demonstrate the use of behavior recognition of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) in a cooperative task, we use trajectory based techniques for model generation and behavior discrimination in experiments using simulated scenario data. Results are presented demonstrating heterogenous teammate cooperation between an AUV and an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) using behavior recognition rather than radio or acoustic communication in a mine clearing task.
Task concurrency management methodology to schedule the MPEG4 IM1 player on a highly parallel processor platform

This paper addresses the concurrent task management of complex multi-media systems, like the MPEG4 IM1 player with emphasis on how to derive energy-cost vs time-budget curves through task scheduling on a multi-processor platform. Starting from the original "standard" specification, we extract the concurrency originally hidden by implementation decisions in a "grey-box" model. Then we have applied two high-level transformations on this model to improve the task-level concurrency. Finally, by scheduling the transformed task-graph, we have derived energy-cost vs time-budget curves. These curves will be used to get globally optimized design decisions when combining subsystems into one complete system or to be used by a dynamic scheduler. The results on the MPEG4 IM1 player confirm the validity of our assumptions and the usefulness of our approach.
Curcumin and Other Polyphenolic Compounds in Head and Neck Cancer Chemoprevention

Despite clear results of observational studies linking a diet rich in fruits and vegetables to a decreased cancer risk, large interventional trials evaluating the impact of dietary micronutrient supplementation, mostly vitamins, could not show any beneficial effects. Today it has become clear that a single micronutrient, given in supernutritional doses, cannot match cancer preventive effects of whole fruits and vegetables. In this regard polyphenols came into focus, not only because of their antioxidant potential but also because of their ability to interact with molecular targets within the cells. Because polyphenols occur in many foods and beverages in high concentration and evidence for their anticancer activity is best for tissues they can come into direct contact with, field cancerization predestines upper aerodigestive tract epithelium for cancer chemoprevention by polyphenols. In this paper, we summarize cancer chemopreventive attempts with emphasis on head and neck carcinogenesis and discuss some methodological issues. We present data regarding antimutagenic effects of curcumin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate in human oropharyngeal mucosa cultures exposed to cigarette smoke condensate.
The G1691A Mutation of the Factor V Gene (Factor V Leiden) and the G20210A Mutation of the Prothrombin Gene as Risk Factors in Thrombotic Microangiopathies

Factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation and prothrombin G20210A mutation are common hereditary risk factors for venous thrombosis. In the current study, 40 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 35 ± 11 years) and 764 healthy control subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, 37 ± 14 years) were enrolled to assess the potential role of these mutations in the manifestation of thrombotic microangiopathies. Compared with controls, neither the heterozygous FVL mutation (7.5% vs 8.5%; P = 1) nor the heterozygous prothrombin mutation (2.5% vs 2.8%; P = 1) was more prevalent in the patients. The findings do not support a significant role of FVL and prothrombin mutations as risk factors for the manifestation of thrombotic microangiopathies. Thus, screening for these mutations does not allow the identification of individuals at increased risk for these rare thrombotic disorders.
University of Washington (UW) at Legal TREC Interactive 2007

The TREC 2007 Legal Track Interactive Task Challenge involved five hypothetical legal “complaints” based on some facet of tobacco litigation. Each complaint included a request to produce relevant documents. These document production requests were broadly worded to force the opposing party to provide a maximum number of responsive documents during discovery. The resources for document production were two databases containing the tobacco litigation documents released under the terms of the Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) between the Attorneys General of several states and seven U.S. tobacco organizations. These two databases, the Legacy Tobacco Documents Library (LTDL) and Tobacco Documents Online (TDO), contain around 7,000,000 documents. The majority of these documents are not legal publications like cases, statutes, or regulations; the databases include scientific studies, corporate correspondence, periodical articles, news stories, and a mix of litigation documents.
Blood vessels as targets in tumor therapy

Abstract The landmark papers published by Judah Folkman in the early 1970s on tumor angiogenesis and therapeutic implications promoted the rapid development of a very dynamic field where basic scientists, oncologists, and pharmaceutical industry joined forces to determine the molecular mechanisms in blood vessel formation and find means to exploit this knowledge in suppressing tumor vascularization and growth. A wealth of information has been collected on angiogenic growth factors, and in 2004 the first specific blood vessel-targeted cancer therapy was introduced: a neutralizing antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Now (2011) we know that suppression of tumor angiogenesis may be a double-edged sword and that the therapy needs to be further refined and individualized. This review describes the hallmarks of tumor vessels, how different angiogenic growth factors exert their function, and the perspectives for future development of anti-angiogenic therapy.
Construct rough approximation based on GAE

Recently cloud computing has emerged as a new paradigm which focuses on web-scale problems, large data centers, multiple models of computing and highly-interactive web applications. It is high available and scalable for distributed and parallel data storage and computing based on a large amount of cheap PCs. As the representative product, Google app engine (GAE), which acts a platform as a service (PaaS) cloud computing platform, mainly contains Google File System (GFS) and MapReduce programming model for massive data process. This paper analyses GAE from the point of Granular computing (GrC) and explain why it is suitable for massive data mining. Further we present an example of how to use it to construct neighborhoods of rough set and compute lower and upper approximations accurately and strictly.
Expression of p21WAF in Salivary Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma and Its Relation to Histologic Grade

The biologic behavior and factors influencing the development of salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma are not fully understood. Alteration of the cyclin-dependant kinase inhibitor p21WAF could cause uncontrolled proliferation leading to cancer. Thirty-five mucoepidermoid carcinomas were graded and immunohistochemically stained for p21WAF. The percentage of positive tumor cells was determined using an eyepiece graticule and a computer-assisted image analyzer, which revealed 8.6% and 22.9% of the cases to be positive for p21WAF, respectively. A statistically significant correlation was not observed between p21WAF and grading. Considering the absence of p21WAF expression in most mucoepidermoid carcinomas, it appears that the inhibitory effect of p21WAF on cell growth is removed in most cases. Given the lack of correlation with tumor grade, it is possible that the impact of p21WAF is in the earlier stages of tumorigenesis. A p53-independent pathway of p21WAF induction may exist for the small proportion of tumors that showed positivity.
A fuzzy model relating vibrotactile signal characteristics to haptic sensory evaluations

Nowadays tactile surfaces are slowly replacing the mechanical interfaces of our electronic devices, and the actual trend is toward a quasi-total touch interaction. This transition has however one important side effect, i.e the lack of feedback from the device, which in certain situations can be crucial. In order to overcome this, it has been suggested that feedback has to be delivered to the finger through vibrations that should be both detectable and comfortable. This paper aims to define a perception model for the sensory evaluations of the vibrotactile signals using fuzzy set theory. First of all, the hypothesis that haptic perception is strongly related to physical characteristics of the signals was evaluated and confirmed with a 93% correlation rate, based on psychophysical studies of the tactile sense. Secondly, using the previous analysis as a knowledge base we have implemented a fuzzy inference system which forecasts the preference values for vibrotactile signals. The preliminary results show that for 15 out of 18 signals, the preference is correctly predicted within a reasonable uncertainty interval.