Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Path changes and injury risk in English FA Premier League soccer

The purpose of the current investigation was to examine relationships between path changes performed by English FA Premier League soccer players, anthropometric variables and injuries reported. The study involved 25 players for whom typical path change performances were derived from at least six 90 minute matches. The players performed 39.9+13.2 sharp path changes to the side of the non-dominant leg which was significantly greater than the 35.4+12.7 sharp path changes made to the side of the dominant leg (p < .001). There was a negative association between height and the number of each type of path change (r < -.373) as well as a negative association between body mass and the number of each type of path change (r < -.287). There were no significant differences between the 10 players who missed at least one match through injury during the 2007-08 season and the 15 who did not for the frequency of any type of path change. Therefore, understanding the frequency of path changes alone is not sufficient to assess injury risk and it may also be necessary to examine the technique used when making path changes.
Attentional Biases toward Face-Related Stimuli among Face Dissatisfied Women: Orienting and Maintenance of Attention Revealed by Eye-Movement

The present study was aimed to examine attentional biases toward attractive and unattractive faces among face dissatisfied women. Twenty-seven women with high face dissatisfaction (HFD) and 27 women with low face dissatisfaction (LFD) completed a visual dot-probe task while their eye-movements were tracking. Under the condition of faces-neutral stimuli (vases) pairs, compared to LFD women, HFD women directed their first fixations more often toward faces, directed their first fixations toward unattractive faces more quickly, and had longer first fixation duration on such faces. All participants had longer overall gaze duration on attractive faces than on unattractive ones. Our behavioral data revealed that HFD women had difficulty in disengaging their attention from faces. However, there are no group differences in stimulus pairs containing an attractive and an unattractive face. In sum, when faces were paired with neutral stimuli (vases) HFD women showed an attention pattern characterized by orienting and maintenance, at least initially, toward unattractive faces but showed overall attention maintenance to attractive ones, but any attention bias wasn’t found in attractive - unattractive face pairs.
Data outage across 3G & 2G wireless networks

Service continuity between EGPRS (2G) and WCDMA (3G) systems has been identified as one key research item recently. Measurement from live cellular networks indicate that outage time for packet switched traffic during intersystem handovers are too long going up to one minute in some cases. In this article we analyze intersystem handover latency across 3G and 2G wireless networks. The inter-system handover focused on the service interruption during mobility using both of the main data protocols, TCP and UDP. The results showed that the data outage is high for TCP and UDP, up to 7s and 10s respectively and can considerably affect real-time user applications. Some proposals have been highlighted to improve handover performance including candidate features such as the packet switched handover feature in 3GPP Rel 7. The performance degradation mostly depends on the application type, transmission protocol, intersystem handover type, and bandwidth of the wireless access link.
SEAP : Sensor Enablement for the Average Programmer TR-UTEDGE-2008-007

The increasing availability of sensing devices has made the possibility of context-aware ubiquitous computing applications real. However, constructing this software requires extensive knowledge about the devices and specialized programming languages for interacting with them. While the nature of ubiquitous computing lends users to demand individualized applications, complexities render programming embedded devices unapproachable to the average programmer. In this paper we introduce the SEAP (Sensor Enablement for the Average Programmer) approach which applies existing technologies developed for web programming to the task of collecting and using sensor data. We show how this approach can be used to create new applications and to update existing web applications to accept sensor data. ACM Classification
Shape Vocabulary: A Robust and Efficient Shape Representation for Shape Matching

In this paper, a learning-based shape descriptor for shape matching is demonstrated. Formulated in a bag-of-words like framework, the proposed method summarizes the local features extracted from certain shape to generate a integrated representation. It contributes to the speed-up of shape matching, since the distance metric in the vector space analysis can be directly applied to compare the constructed global descriptors, eliminating the time consuming stage of local feature matching. Similar to the philosophy in spatial pyramid matching, a strategy for feature division is applied in the phase of encoded feature pooling and vocabulary learning, which helps to construct a more discriminative descriptor incorporating both global and local information. Also, a local contour-based feature extraction method is designed for 2D shapes, while significant properties of the local contours are inspected for the design of feature division rules. The designed local feature extraction method and the feature division rules manage to reduce the variances of shape representation due to the changes in rotation. In addition to 2D shape, we also present a simple and natural method to extend the proposed method to the scenario of 3D shape representation. The proposed shape descriptor is validated on several benchmark data sets for evaluating 2D and 3D shape matching algorithms, and it is observed that the investigated shape descriptor maintains superior discriminative power as well as high time efficiency.
GUARDIANS UPON HIGH: AN APPLICATION OF ROUTINE ACTIVITIES THEORY TO ONLINE IDENTITY THEFT IN EUROPE AT THE COUNTRY AND INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

Online fraud is the most prevalent acquisitive crime in Europe. This study applies routine activities theory to a subset of online fraud, online identity theft, by exploring countrylevel mechanisms, in addition to individual determinants via a multi-level analysis of Eurobarometer survey data. This paper adds to the theory of cybercrime and policy debates by: i) showing that country physical guardianship (e.g. cyber security strategy) moderates the effects of individual physical guardianship; ii) introducing a typology of online capable guardianship: physical passive, active personal and avoidance personal guardianship; iii) showing that online identity theft is associated with personal and physical guardianship; and iv) identifying public Internet access and online auction selling as highly risky routine activities. The paper concludes by emphasising the importance of studying country level effects on online identity theft victimisation.
An FPGA Memory Hierarchy for High-level Synthesized OpenCL Kernels

In this paper, we propose an FPGA memory hierarchy based on the OpenCL memory model. The memory hierarchy allows application-specific memory optimizations during design compilation using information provided in OpenCL kernels. With the proposed memory hierarchy, FPGA application developers can focus on their designs in OpenCL kernel codes, and their designs can be synthesized into FPGA hardware via high-level synthesis. In the FPGA hardware, our proposed memory hierarchy handles memory management efficiently regardless of application types, and consequently, developers are free from designing application-specific memory hierarchies.
Prevalence of depression symptoms and associated socio-demographic factors in primary health care patients.

BACKGROUND Depression is a growing public health problem still under-recognised in primary care settings. By focusing primarily on somatic complaints and diseases, general practitioners often fail to identify an underlying mental disorder. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of patients with unrecognised depression symptoms in general practice and identify associated socio-demographic factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study included 769 patients without previous psychiatric disorder who attended their primary care physicians in the Health Centre Zagreb - Zapad in January 2011. Data on patients' age, sex, level of education, marital and employment status were collected. All participants completed The Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale. RESULTS Among the 25.5% of participants whose Zung score was outside the normal range, 19.38% were mildly, 4.64% moderately, and 0.91% severely depressed. Statistically significant differences were observed among groups defined according to level of education, employment and marital status (p<0.001). Lower Zung scores were found in individuals with a higher level of education, who were unmarried, employed or still undergoing education. Multivariate logistic regression model revealed that older age (p<0.001), unemployment (p=0.001) or unmarried status (p=0.025) were significant predictors of depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed a high prevalence of depression symptoms among primary care patients who had not been previously suspected to have any psychiatric co-morbidity. Awareness of depression symptoms and disorders should be raised among general practitioners, focusing on older, unemployed and unmarried people.
Vous aimez ?...ou pas ? LikeIt, un jeu pour construire une ressource lexicale de polarité

En analyse de discours ou d’opinion, savoir caractériser la connotation générale d’un texte, les sentiments qu’il véhicule, est une aptitude recherchée, qui suppose la constitution préalable d’une ressource lexicale de polarité. Au sein du réseau lexical JeuxDeMots, nous avons mis au point LikeIt, un jeu qui permet d’affecter une valeur positive, négative, ou neutre à un terme, et de constituer ainsi pour chaque terme, à partir des votes, une polarité résultante. Nous présentons ici l’analyse quantitative des données de polarité obtenues, ainsi que la méthode pour les valider qualitativement.
The Problems International Students in Turkey Face in Learning Environments and the Problem-Solving Skills Preferred

The purpose of the study is to determine the problems international students studying in Turkey face in the learning environments and the problem solving skills preferred to solve these problems. The study is a qualitative research in the case study design. 10 international preparatory year students studying at Dumlupinar University, School of Foreign Languages in 2013-2014 academic year spring term participated in the study. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and analysed using descriptive analysis. The problems international students in Turkey face in the learning environments can be categorised into four main themes as language problems, academic adjustment problems, social and psychological problems and problems related with belongingness to the university and the students were found to have language problems most. As a result of the study, it was seen that international students use various strategies to solve the problems faced in the learning environments. The results of the study indicate that international students’ awareness about the problems they experience in the host country, Turkey, is high. Furthermore, when solving the problems they use the skills of ‘understanding the problem, planning for the solution and evaluating the solution’ while they use the problem-solving skills in the application level poorly. Keywords: international students, problems, learning environment, problem-solving skills
Metric embedding of view-graphs A vision and odometry-based approach to cognitive mapping

Most recent robotic systems, capable of exploring unknown environments, use topological structures (graphs) as a spatial representation. Localization can be done by deriving an estimate of the global pose from landmark information. In this case navigation is tightly coupled to metric knowledge, and hence the derived control method is mainly pose-based. Alternative to continuous metric localization, it is also possible to base localization methods on weaker constraints, e.g. the similarity between images capturing the appearance of places or landmarks. In this case navigation can be controlled by a homing algorithm. Similarity based localization can be scaled to continuous metric localization by adding additional constraints, such as alignment of depth estimates. We present a method to scale a similarity based navigation system (the view-graph-model) to continuous metric localization. Instead of changing the landmark model, we embed the graph into the three dimensional pose space. Therefore, recalibration of the path integrator is only possible at discrete locations in the environment. The navigation behavior of the robot is controlled by a homing algorithm which combines three local navigation capabilities, obstacle avoidance, path integration, and scene based homing. This homing scheme allows automated adaptation to the environment. It is further used to compensate for path integration errors, This work is part of the GNOSYS (FP6-003835-GNOSYS) project, supported by the European Commission. W. Hübner ( ) · H.A. Mallot Department of Zoology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany e-mail: wolfgang.huebner@uni-tuebingen.de H.A. Mallot e-mail: hanspeter.mallot@uni-tuebingen.de and therefore allows to derive globally consistent pose estimates based on “weak” metric knowledge, i.e. knowledge solely derived from odometry. The system performance is tested with a robotic setup and with a simulated agent which explores a large, open, and cluttered environment.
Synthesis of Complex Objects : RoughMereological

We present a brief account of rough mereology-an approach to problems of approximate reasoning about complex objects and we outline possible applications of the presented formalism. 1 Approximate reasoning based on rough mereology We would like to give here a brief account of the rough mere-ological approach to approximate reasoning. We propose this formalization as a tool for solving multi-agent or distributed applications related to approximate reasoning. Rough mereology ooers the general formalism for the treatment of partial containment. Rough mereology can be regarded as a far-reaching generalization of mereology of Le s-niewski 12]: it does replace the relation of being a (proper) part with a hierarchy of relations of being a part in a degree. The basic notion is the notion of a rough inclusion. A real function (X; Y) on a universe of objects U with values in the interval 0; 1] is called a rough inclusion when it satisses the following conditions: (A) (x; x) = 1 for any x (meaning normalization); (B) (x; y) = 1 implies that (z; y) (z; x) for any triple x; y; z (meaning monotonicity); (C) (x; y) = 1 and (y; x) = 1 imply (x; z) (y; z) for any triple x; y; z (meaning monotonicity); (D) there is n such that (n; x) = 1 for any x. An object n satisfying (D) is a-object. We let x = y ii (x; y) = 1 = (y; x) and x 6 = y ii non(x = y). We introduce other conditions for rough inclusion: (E) if objects x; y have the property : if z 6 = n and (z; x) = 1 then there is t 6 = n with (t; z) = 1 = (t; y) then it follows that: (x; y) = 1. (E) is an inference rule: it is applied to infer the relation of being a part from the relation of being a subpart. (F) For any collection ? of objects there is an object x with the properties: (i) if z 6 = n and (z; x) = 1 then there are t 6 = n; w 2 ? such that (t; z) = (t; w) = (w; x) = 1; (ii) if w 2 ? then (w; x) = 1; (iii) if y satisses the above two conditions then (x; y) = 1. Any x satisfying F(i) is called a set …
Was Prometheus Unbound by Chance? Risk, Diversification, and Growth

This paper offers a theory of development that links the degree of market incompleteness to capital accumulation and growth. At early stages of development, the presence projects limits the degree of risk spreading (diversification) that the economy can achieve. The desire to avoid highly risky investments slows down capital accumulation, and the inability to diversify idiosyncratic risk introduces a large amount of uncertainty in the growth process. The typical development pattern will consist of a lengthy period of “primitive accumulation” with highly variable output, followed by takeoff and financial deepening and, finally, steady growth. “Lucky” countries will spend relatively less time in the primitive accumulation stage and develop faster. Although all agents are price takers and there are no technological spillovers, the decentralized equilibrium is inefficient because individuals do not take into account their impact on others' diversification opportunities. We also show that our results generalize to economies with international capital flows.
High Salt Diet Affects Renal Sodium Excretion and ERRα Expression

Kidneys regulate the balance of water and sodium and therefore are related to blood pressure. It is unclear whether estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), an orphan nuclear receptor and transcription factor highly expressed in kidneys, affects the reabsorption of water and sodium. The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in the expressions of ERRα, Na+/K+-ATPase and epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) proteins affected the reabsorption of water and sodium in kidneys of Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats. SS.13BN rats, 98% homologous to the DS rats, were used as a normotensive control group. The 24 h urinary sodium excretion of the DS and SS.13BN rats increased after the 6-week high salt diet intervention, while sodium excretion was increased in DS rats with daidzein (agonist of ERRα) treatment. ERRα expression was decreased, while β- and γ-ENaC mRNA expressions were increased upon high sodium diet treatment in the DS rats. In the chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assay, positive PCR signals were obtained in samples treated with anti-ERRα antibody. The transcriptional activity of ERRα was decreased upon high salt diet intervention. ERRα reduced the expressions of β- and γ-ENaC by binding to the ENaC promoter, thereby increased Na+ reabsorption. Therefore, ERRα might be one of the factors causing salt-sensitive hypertension.
Mechanism design and simulation about the Exoskeleton Intelligence System

The current research status and the problems had been summarized about the Exoskeleton Intelligence Systems in worldwide. Human lower limbs movement data had been collected by using the VICON 460 infrared motion capture system, NOVEL pedar insole plantar pressure measure system and CASIO high speed camera. After the data had been researched, the key characteristics parameters were obtained for the human motion recognition. The results indicated that the optimal knee joint ankle was at 157°, as the assisted power was added. Foot arch GHI peak force was at 80N when hopping upward occurred, but foot arch GHI peak force was less when hopping forward occurred. The Lower Limb Exoskeleton Intelligence System model(LLEIS) had been accomplished under UG NX6.0 and exported into ADAMS R3 for the kinematics and dynamics simulation. The agreement of the final computation results with the experimental data indicates this system could be used to assist human hopping intelligently and enhance the effect of the hopping in the field of the human performance augmentation.
Evolution of the cosmic ray anisotropy above 1014 eV

The study of the evolution of the amplitude and phase of the cosmic ray anisotropy into the energy region 1014 – 1016 eV can provide a significant tool for the understanding of the "knee" of the primary spectrum. We extend here the EAS-TOP measurement performed at E0 ~ 1014 eV, to higher energies by using the full data set (8 years). Results derived at about 1014 and 4 · 1014 eV are compared and discussed. Hints of increasing amplitude and change of phase above 1014 eV are reported.
Performance Isolation of Network Virtualization for Cloud Computing

Network virtualization is a study that supports future internet environment and Cloud computing. The network virtualization can mitigate many hardware restrictions and provide variable network topologies to support variable services. One of typical study of network virtualization is software based router which has many advantages such as relatively low cost, high flexibility, better manageability. Software router and virtualization is the study to get closer Cloud computing. In many issues for Cloud computing, we especially focused on isolation of network and performance to make sure management of service quality and integrity. In this paper, we implement multiple virtualized networks to offer variable service on a physical network by using Xen based virtual software router. And we describe network isolation by using network ID to ensure integrity of service contents. Moreover, we implement and discuss performance isolation method with dynamic adaptation of bandwidth usage to ensure flexible quality of many services.
‘Fist, feet and faith’: an ‘elite’ interview with ‘Fight Church’ Pastor Jude Roberts

Abstract The interest in mixed martial arts (MMA) in the United States has escalated since its advent in 1993. In the last 10 years, there has been a heightened interest in Christian MMA (CMMA). Several evangelical churches across the country have started MMA ministries to attract and retain men and boys. Proponents of CMMA suggest that it helps to build strong Christian values in its practitioners, while its opponents chide the sheer danger of sport because of its violent nature. An ‘elite’ interview was conducted with ‘Fight Pastor’ Jude Roberts (a pseudonym), who was one of the leading voices in the CMMA movement. Over the span of the interview, Roberts concluded: (1) MMA can be used to teach Christian values; and (2) the violence associated with CMMA can be supported by scripture. Despite the growing popularity of CMMA, it is an area that needs to be studied more from an interdisciplinary approach.
Intuitive understanding of non-gaussianity in ekpyrotic and cyclic models

It has been pointed out by several groups that ekpyrotic and cyclic models generate significant non-Gaussianity. In this paper, we present a physically intuitive, semianalytic estimate of the bispectrum. We show that, in all such models, there is an intrinsic contribution to the non-Gaussianity parameter f{sub NL} that is determined by the geometric mean of the equation of state w{sub ek} during the ekpyrotic phase and w{sub c} during the phase that curvature perturbations are generated, and whose value is O(100) or more times the intrinsic value predicted by simple slow-roll inflationary models, f{sub NL}{sup intrinsic}=O(0.1). Other contributions to f{sub NL}, which we also estimate, can increase |f{sub NL}| but are unlikely to decrease it significantly, making non-Gaussianity a useful test of these models. Furthermore, we discuss a predicted correlation between the non-Gaussianity and scalar spectral index that sharpens the test.