Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Thomas Reid: essays on the intellectual powers of man - a critical edition

This is Thomas Reid's greatest work. It covers far more philosophical ground than the earlier, more popular Inquiry. The Intellectual Powers and its companion volume, Essays on the Active Powers of Man, constitute the fullest, most original presentation of the philosophy of Common Sense. In the process, Reid provides acutely critical discussions of an impressive array of thinkers but especially of David Hume. In Reid's eyes, Hume had driven a deep tendency in modern philosophy to its ultimate conclusions by creating a phantom-world of so-called 'ideas' that sprang from objects of observation; the self was a conglomeration of perceived ideas; and the will as the source of action was nothing but the balance of passionate impulses. Reid's Common Sense philosophy answers these problems by suggesting that sceptics, such as Hume, unavoidably affirm what they purport to deny, namely the existence of a stable external world, of other minds, of the continuity of their own minds, and of their own and other people's ability to ascribe and accept responsibility for actions. We can understand all of this by proper empirical observation and philosophical analysis of the activity of the mind. Reid's major positive contribution to philosophy is a detailed account of the various innate powers of the mind. While particularly influential in the first half of the nineteenth century, Reid's work has retained a significant role in philosophy, not least in recent years. At the same time, his role in the Scottish Enlightenment is becoming much better understood. This is the only properly established text. It is accompanied by manuscript lectures on the nature and immortality of the soul, as well as helpful editorial annotation and introduction, making it useful to a wide variety of readers. Features * Accurate, reliable and critically established text * The Introduction explains the work's genesis and its place in Reid's system * Annotations provide an understanding of Reid's context * An Appendix contains manuscript material covering an important topic not represented in the hitherto published work.
La construcción de capital sociotécnico: fabricación de materiales híbridos y transformaciones profesionales

Convencionalmente la nocion del capital social ha sido analizada delimitando fronteras entre los tipos de capital, tanto en sus dimensiones minimalista, transicional y expansionista, como en su expresion en los planos micro, meso o macro de la accion de agentes. En este trabajo adaptamos el contenido de ? capital social? para entenderlo como ? capital sociotecnico? , definido como la valoracion de la accion de los actores en la busqueda del beneficio colectivo y de inseparables vinculos con artefactos y conocimientos. Para demostrar esta acepcion de capital social, brindamos los resultados de un estudio etnografico, mostrando la produccion simultanea de hechos cientificos, artefactos tecnologicos y valor social, traduciendo la transformacion de la identidad disciplinaria de los actores con la fabricacion de un revestimiento anticorrosivo de naturaleza hibrida. Analizamos las mutaciones en la elaboracion de capital sociotecnico en forma de cambios disciplinarios, de resolucion de problemas industriales y de desarrollos de mercancias.
A new symbolic approach for network reliability analysis

In this paper we propose an improved BDD approach to the network reliability analysis, that allows the user to compute an exact solution or an approximation based on reliability bounds when network complexity makes the former solution practically impossible. To this purpose, a new algorithm for encoding the connectivity graph on a Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) has been developed; it reduces the computation memory peak with respect to previous approaches based on the same type of data structure without increasing the execution time, and allows us also to derive from a subset of the minpaths/mincuts a lower/upper bound of the network reliability, so that the quality of the obtained approximation can be estimated. Finally, a fair and detailed comparison between our approach and another state of the art approach presented in the literature is documented through a set of benchmarks.
PropBank , SALSA , and FrameNet : How Design Determines Product

We compare three projects that annotate semantic roles: PropBank, FrameNet, and SALSA. The first part of our analysis is a comparison of the different word sense distinction criteria underlying the annotation. Then, we study the effects of these criteria at the level of actual phenomena that require annotation. In particular, we discuss metaphor, support constructions, words with multiple meaning aspects, phrases realizing more than one semantic role, and nonlocal semantic roles.
A mixture copula Bayesian network model for multimodal genomic data

Gaussian Bayesian networks have become a widely used framework to estimate directed associations between joint Gaussian variables, where the network structure encodes decomposition of multivariate normal density into local terms. However, the resulting estimates can be inaccurate when normality assumption is moderately or severely violated, making it unsuitable to deal with recent genomic data such as the Cancer Genome Atlas data. In the present paper, we propose a mixture copula Bayesian network model which provides great flexibility in modeling non-Gaussian and multimodal data for causal inference. The parameters in mixture copula functions can be efficiently estimated by a routine Expectation-Maximization algorithm. A heuristic search algorithm based on Bayesian information criterion is developed to estimate the network structure, and prediction can be further improved by the best-scoring network out of multiple predictions from random initial values. Our method outperforms Gaussian Bayesian networks and regular copula Bayesian networks in terms of modeling flexibility and prediction accuracy, as demonstrated using a cell signaling dataset. We apply the proposed methods to the Cancer Genome Atlas data to study the genetic and epigenetic pathways that underlie serous ovarian cancer.
Identification of the Valence and Coordination Environment of the Particulate Methane Monooxygenase Copper Centers by Advanced EPR Characterization

Particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) catalyzes the oxidation of methane to methanol in methanotrophic bacteria. As a copper-containing enzyme, pMMO has been investigated extensively by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, but the presence of multiple copper centers has precluded correlation of EPR signals with the crystallographically identified monocopper and dicopper centers. A soluble recombinant fragment of the pmoB subunit of pMMO, spmoB, like pMMO itself, contains two distinct copper centers and exhibits methane oxidation activity. The spmoB protein, spmoB variants designed to disrupt one or the other or both copper centers, as well as native pMMO have been investigated by EPR, ENDOR, and ESEEM spectroscopies in combination with metal content analysis. The data are remarkably similar for spmoB and pMMO, validating the use of spmoB as a model system. The results indicate that one EPR-active Cu(II) ion is present per pMMO and that it is associated with the active-site dicopper center in the form of a valence localized Cu(I)Cu(II) pair; the Cu(II), however, is scrambled between the two locations within the dicopper site. The monocopper site observed in the crystal structures of pMMO can be assigned as Cu(I). 14N ENDOR and ESEEM data are most consistent with one of these dicopper-site signals involving coordination of the Cu(II) ion by residues His137 and His139, the other with Cu(II) coordinated by His33 and the N-terminal amino group. 1H ENDOR measurements indicate there is no aqua (HxO) ligand bound to the Cu(II), either terminally or as a bridge to Cu(I).
Treatment of chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis.

Abstract Of 408 patients with chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis alone, 238 were treated initially with amphotericin B only, 43 with pulmonary surgery combined with amphotericin B, and 27 with pulmonary surgery alone, and 100 were not treated. Among those who received amphotericin B alone and those who were not treated, death was directly related to the age of the patient at the time of diagnosis and, in the treated group, to the stage of disease before therapy. In the treated group death was inversely related to the total initial dose of amphotericin B. There were significantly fewer deaths among patients who received a total dose of over 35 mg of drug per kilogram of body weight than among those who received less. In comparison with the untreated group, there were significantly fewer deaths in the group treated with amphotericin B alone.
Big Data: Does it Call for Distributed File System

Today, in order to support decision for strategic advantages alignment, companies‟ have started to realize the importance of using large data. It is being observed through different study cases that “Large data usually demands for faster processing”. As a result, companies are now investing more in processing larger sets of data rather than investing in expensive algorithms. A larger amount of data gives a better inference for decision making but also working with it can create challenge due to processing limitations. In order to easily manage and use this large amount of content in a proper systematic manner, Big Data, HDFS & other file systems were being introduced. Big data is used for „larger data sets having more varied and complex structure, having problems in analyzing, visualizing and storing for further processing‟. The process of examining such large amounts of data inorderto reveal hidden patterns and secret correlations is named as Big Data Analytics. The useful information for companies or organizations will help them in gaining richer and deeper insights and getting advantages over the competition. Implementation of this Big Data needs to be analyzed and executed as accurately as possible. This term paper give an overview about what Big Data is, its classification, challenges it faces, need for Distributed File System, Hadoop and its components i.e. Hadoop Distributed file System and Map Reduce, and application of HDFS in Cloud Computing
Reasoning About Infinite Computations

We investigate extensions of temporal logic by connectives defined by finite automata on infinite words. We consider three different logics, corresponding to three different types of acceptance conditions (finite, looping, and repeating) for the automata. It turns out, however that these logics all have the same expressive power and that their decision problems are all PSPACE-complete. We also investigate connectives defined by alternating automata and show that they do not increase the expressive power of the logic or the complexity of the decision problem.
An Optical See-Through Augmented Reality System with Gesture-Based Interaction

We present an optical see-through augmented reality system. The system features optical see-through calibration, object tracking, virtual scene rendering and gesture interaction. Compared with video see-through augmented reality system, the optical see-through system requires more accurate alignment between the virtual and the real scene. Our system calibration is done using natural feature based calibration method based on SPAAM algorithm. The tracking method is based on RGB-D camera and the gesture interaction is implemented with custom gestures. Finally, we design a test scene and the system achieves the mixture of virtual and real reality in the test scene and meets the accuracy and real-time requirement.
The Euro Through the Looking-Glass: Perceived Inflation Following the 2002 Currency Changeover

Following the Euro changeover in January 2002, consumers across the Euro Area perceived a sharp rise in inflation, in contrast to official figures. Several theories have been advanced to explain this apparent economic illusion, but they struggle to account for its striking scale and persistence. We offer an alternative account, based on the premise that the currency changeover increased consumers' perceptual error when assessing the value of monetary amounts. Under plausible assumptions, this would lead them to experience a loss of purchasing power. We confirm two empirical hypotheses in support of the theory: (1) the extent of overestimation of inflation was strongly associated with subjective difficulty using the Euro; (2) there was a simultaneous downward shift in expected inflation. Our results imply that currency changeovers are not simple matters of numerical conversion.
The relation between speech intelligibility and the complex modulation spectrum

The amplitude and phase components of the modulation spectrum were dissociated in order to ascertain the importance of cross-spectral, envelope-modulation phase information for understanding spoken language. The dissociation was effected via local time reversals of the speech waveform (i.e., flipping the signal on its horizontal axis) at intervals ranging between 0 and 180 ms. Intelligibility declines progressively as the length of the time-reversed segment increases, down to an asymptotic trough in performance at 100 ms (4% of the words correct). Intelligibility does not correlate highly with the amplitude component of the modulation spectrum, but does coincide closely with the contour of the complex modulation spectrum, a representation that integrates the cross-spectral modulation phase and the conventional (amplitude-based) modulation spectrum into a unified representation. The results imply that intelligibility is based on both the phase and amplitude components of the modulation spectrum.
The Use of Scapular and Parascapular Flaps for Cheek Reconstruction

This is a retrospective review of our experience with microvascular transfer of scapular and parascapular flaps for the correction of lateral facial contour deficiencies. Twenty-eight patients with congenital (n = 8) and acquired (n = 20) defects were treated with 30 flaps; two patients had bilateral flaps. The etiology of the defects included hemifacial microsomia (n = 2), oblique facial cleft (n = 1), Romberg's hemifacial atrophy (n = 5), neoplasm (n = 4), irradiation (n = 8), trauma (n = 4), tumor excision (n = 4), facial lipodystrophy (n = 2), and silicone granuloma (n = 2). The follow-up evaluation was from 2 to 13 years, with an average of 6 years. Fabrication of a facial moulage was part of the preoperative planning for each patient. These were compound flaps, including skin, deepithelialized skin, fat, fascia, and bone, if necessary. All flaps were constructed with an intact skin paddle for postoperative monitoring. Based on dissections and anatomic findings at operation, several variations in the level of emergence of the circumflex scapular artery from the triangular space and its branching patterns were noted. All flaps survived; changes in the patients' weights were reflected in the flaps. Twelve patients required secondary procedures: excision of skin monitor islands, scar revisions, debulking, or flap resuspension to the malar region. Bone grafts or alloplastic implants were necessary in four patients in whom the malar eminence could not be adequately corrected by transfer of a flap. The deepithelialized scapular/parascapular flap is preferred for correction of large lateral facial defects.
The Uneven Performance of Arizona’s Charter Schools

Arizona enrolls a larger share of its students in charter schools than any other state in the country, but no comprehensive examination exists of the impact of those schools on student achievement. Using student-level data covering all Arizona students from 2006 to 2012, we find that the performance of charter schools in Arizona in improving student achievement varies widely, and more so than that of traditional public schools (TPS). On average, charter schools at every grade level have been modestly less effective than TPS in raising student achievement in some subjects. But charter schools that closed during this period have been lower performing than schools that remained open, a pattern that is not evident in the traditional public sector.
Long Term Resource Planning for Electric Power Systems Under Uncertainty

Electric power systems are subject to uncertainties of many types and at many levels. In addition to the uncertain fuel prices, demand growth, and equipment outages included in traditional models, current trends portend increasing uncertainty due to such factors as the growth in generation from renewable sources which may be intermittent, the possibility of regulations to control carbon emissions, and the increasing price responsiveness of demand encouraged by smart grid technologies. This paper begins by discussing issues that confront electric system planners and explains the requirements for useful tools. We continue with a description of academic and commercial planning models for the energy grid and conclude with a description of computational tools to support optimization for large scale planning models in the presence of uncertainty. For illustration, we include a proposed model for electric system planning that includes linkages with transportation systems. 1 Issues and attributes for electric system investment planning Existing planning tools, models, and procedures are inadequate for identifying how to economically provide a sustainable and resilient low-carbon supply of energy. New planning capabilities are required to account for emerging issues and attributes of energy systems. The following is a summary of planning concerns adapted from PSERC (2009) and Budhraja et al. (2009), using some categorization of van Beeck (1999).
The effect of a micronutrient-fortified complementary food on micronutrient status, growth and development of 6- to 12-month-old disadvantaged urban South African infants

The study was conducted to look at the effectiveness of a multimicronutrient-fortified complementary food on the micronutrient status, linear growth and psychomotor development of 6- to 12-month-old infants from a black urban disadvantaged community in the Western Cape, South Africa. The study was designed as an intervention study. In both the experimental and control groups, serum retinol concentration showed a decline over the intervention period of 6 months. The decline was less pronounced in the experimental group. This resulted in a significantly (P<005) higher serum retinol concentration at 12 months in the experimental group (26.8±5.8 μg/dl) compared with the control group (21.4±5 μg/dl). Serum iron concentration also declined over the intervention period. The decline was less pronounced in the experimental group. No difference was observed in haemoglobin levels between the groups at 12 months. Serum zinc concentration did not differ significantly between the two groups at follow up. Weight gain over the 6 months period did not differ significantly between the experimental (2.1±0.9 kg) and control groups (2.1±1.2 kg). There was no difference in linear growth between the experimental (10.0±1.5 cm) and control group (10.1±2.1 cm) at the end of the follow-up period. Weight and length at 6 months significantly predicted weight and length at 12 months. No difference was observed in psychomotor developmental scores between the two groups after 6 months of intervention. Introducing a multimicronutrient-fortified complementary food into the diet of 6- to 12-month-old infants seemed to have an arresting effect on declining serum retinol and iron concentration in the experimental group. No benefit was observed in serum zinc concentration, linear growth and psychomotor development.
IBRIX File System: Architecture and Design

Summary form only given. Recently, there have been significant advances in file system technology in the form of cluster, distributed and/or parallel file systems in an attempt to break the I/O bottleneck plaguing the effective utilization of clusters of commodity computers. Successes have been achieved in scaling performance when defined as bandwidth, as typified by sequential access of large files using large I/O sizes. Applications with such access patterns does not represent all application classes to which cluster computing is being applied as a potential solution, the balance being those that access small and medium sized files in a random or sequential manner using small I/O sizes. Specifically, these access patterns perform as many and often more "metadata" operations on the file system as data reads or writes. Since metadata operations are at the heart of a file system and impact its integrity, scaling throughput or metadata performance through concurrency across many servers poses the most difficult technical challenge in file system design. This poster will present details about the fundamentally new architecture for constructing parallel file systems called segmented file system that scales linearly for both data and metadata oriented applications. Performance results will be presented with the IBRIX Fusion product (http:Wwww.ibrix.com) based on this architecture using micro benchmarks as well as real applications demonstrating the general-purpose scalability of this architecture. The poster will also show typical I/O cluster offerings from Dell that use IBRIX, using large cluster installations at universities and research labs as an example
Autism After Infection, Febrile Episodes, and Antibiotic Use During Pregnancy: An Exploratory Study

OBJECTIVES: Results of animal studies suggest that maternal immune activation during pregnancy causes deficiencies in fetal neurodevelopment. Infectious disease is the most common path to maternal immune activation during pregnancy. The goal of this study was to determine the occurrence of common infections, febrile episodes, and use of antibiotics reported by the mother during pregnancy and the risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and infantile autism in the offspring. METHODS: We used a population-based cohort consisting of 96 736 children aged 8 to 14 years and born from 1997 to 2003 in Denmark. Information on infection, febrile episodes, and use of antibiotics was self-reported through telephone interviews during pregnancy and early postpartum. Diagnoses of ASD and infantile autism were retrieved from the Danish Psychiatric Central Register; 976 children (1%) from the cohort were diagnosed with ASD. RESULTS: Overall, we found little evidence that various types of mild common infectious diseases or febrile episodes during pregnancy were associated with ASD/infantile autism. However, our data suggest that maternal influenza infection was associated with a twofold increased risk of infantile autism, prolonged episodes of fever caused a threefold increased risk of infantile autism, and use of various antibiotics during pregnancy were potential risk factors for ASD/infantile autism. CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not suggest that mild infections, febrile episodes, or use of antibiotics during pregnancy are strong risk factors for ASD/infantile autism. The results may be due to multiple testing; the few positive findings are potential chance findings.