Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Translation and Validation of the Thai Version of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) Scale

Abstract Objective The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) was developed to evaluate subjective outcomes of patients with deviated nasal septum and symptomatic nasal obstruction. Considering the differences in individuals' cultural, cross‐cultural translation, adaptation, and validation of the instrument are necessary. The current study aimed to translate and validate the Thai version of the NOSE Questionnaire for patients with nasal septum deviation. Study Design A single‐center prospective instrument validation study. Setting Thai tertiary referral center. Methods The study was conducted to translate and adapt the original English version of the NOSE to Thai. After translating, psychometric testing was conducted. The primary outcomes were validity (content, construct, and discriminant), reproducibility (test‐retest procedure), and internal consistency (reliability). A total of 105 participants, of which 46 were patients with nasal airway obstruction and 59 were healthy asymptomatic volunteers, were enrolled in this study. Results The Thai‐NOSE was found to be adequate for all tested psychometric properties with high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .942), and to discriminate accurately between patients and healthy controls. The interitem and item‐total correlations indicated a related construct among all items. A high level of reproducibility of the questionnaire was obtained in the test‐retest procedure for each item (γ = 0.898). The initial test and retest scores indicated adequate reproducibility. Conclusion The Thai‐NOSE questionnaire is a reliable instrument with appropriate psychometric properties for assessing the severity and impact of nasal airway obstruction in patients with nasal septum deviation.
Changing the Underlying Conditions Relevant to Workplace Bullying through Organisational Redesign

In view of the discrepancy between anti-bullying strategies used in organisations and knowledge of bullying that is grounded in the international scholarly literature, the aim of this study is to implement and evaluate an intervention program specifically targeting the root causes of workplace bullying by identifying, assessing, and changing the contexts of people management in which bullying arises. The present research describes the development, procedures, and co-design principles underpinning a primary intervention that is focused on improving organisational risk conditions linked to workplace bullying. Our study evaluates the effectiveness of this intervention using deductive and abductive approaches and multi-source data. Specifically, our quantitative analysis examines changes in job demands and resources as a central mechanism underlying how the intervention takes effect and provides support for job demands as a mediator. Our qualitative analysis expands the inquiry by identifying additional mechanisms that form the foundations of effective change and those that drive change execution. The results of the intervention study highlight the opportunity to prevent workplace bullying through organisational-level interventions and reveal success factors, underlying mechanisms, and key principles.
Violence Detection Enhancement in Video Sequences Based on Pre-trained Deep Models

— Violence detection is one of the challenging applications in the field of Human activity recognition (HAR). The enhancement of violence detection, through surveillance cameras, will help our societies to be more controllable and safer. In this paper, a proposed two-layer deep model is built for classifying video sequences into violent and non-violent actions. The first layer extracts the space features of video frames using the pre-trained model DenseNet-121. Then, the extracted features are fed to a long short-term memory (LSTM) network. LSTM captures the temporal features by learning the dependencies between frames, which links all frames of a video as one action. The proposed model is experimentally evaluated on two datasets. The recognition rate has improved up to 96%, which is better than those of most existing similar models over the open HOCKEY dataset and up to 92% over the real-live violence situations (RLVS) dataset. The implementation of the proposed model is available at: https://github.com/YahiaElkhasahb/Enhancing-Violence- Detection-in-Video-Sequences-Based-on-Deep-Learning-Techniques.
Analysis of Means Tables Using Mathematical Processors

Abstract Introduced by Ellis Ott in the 1960s, the analysis of means (abbreviated ANOM) procedure provides a simple graphical technique for testing for differences between the means of several populations. The ANOM charts are easy to use, similar in appearance and interpretation to control charts, and usually give the same results as the more familiar analysis of variance technique. Unfortunately, the ANOM decision limits depend upon tables of constants that are usually only available in printed form or from specialized software programs. In this article we present new formulas for the ANOM constants and then illustrate how commonly available mathematical processors can be used to calculate the ANOM constants. This approach makes the ANOM constants easily accessible, portable, and unrestricted with regard to the choice of significance level, sample size, and number of populations.
Increased response of vegetation to soil moisture in the northern hemisphere drylands

Vegetation plays a significant role in terrestrial ecosystems due to its strong carbon absorption capability and multiple feedback effects on the climate system. The soil moisture availability determines vegetation growth, especially in the drylands. Although there has been increasing interest in issues such as the vegetation’s response to a specific climate variable, it remains unclear how soil moisture can quantitatively influence the vegetation in the drylands. In this study, we investigated the increased response of the vegetation to soil moisture and identified its key mechanism in the northern hemisphere drylands (NHD) from 1982 to 2010. The Methods included the use of the Lindeman-Merenda-Gold method. The results showed that the sensitivity of the vegetation dynamics to soil moisture significantly increased over the past 29 years (slope = 0.008, p < 0.0001), and the trend during 1996–2007 (slope = 0.025 m3/m3/yr, p < 0.0001) increased more rapidly than the trend during 1984–1995 (slope = −0.005 m3/m3/yr, p = 0.0143), which indicates increased water restrictions in recent years. Further analysis showed that atmospheric CO2 was the major contributor (27.2%) to the sensitivity changes, followed by climate change (27%), and nitrogen deposition (19%). The changes in the ecosystem structure (represented by the non-tree cover areas) and climate vacillation contributed similarly to the sensitivity change (14% and 12%). These findings can help with understanding the spatiotemporal impact of water restrictions on vegetation in the NHD and the related influencing mechanisms of vegetation growth and soil moisture in the greening and warming of the NHD.
Content-Aware Transmission in UAV-Assisted Multicast Communication

To alleviate the explosive growth of data traffic caused by the increased use of smart devices, new transmission techniques are needed to increase the utilization of limited bandwidth resources and for providing high transmission rates in future wireless networks. On the other hand, due to their flexibility and autonomy, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are considered as a potential candidate to support ubiquitous connectivity and operate as flying base stations, where the deployment of UAVs can affect the quality of experience (QoE) of users. Hence, in this paper, we employ UAVs as aerial base stations to transmit data to ground users (GUs) via air to ground (A2G) communication links, where we show how content awareness can help improve the data rate. Specifically, we design two content-sharing (CS) data transmission schemes to improve the average data rate of the GUs. Additionally, two UAV deployment strategies, namely the fixed-point deployment scheme and traverse-search deployment scheme, are proposed based on the proposed CS transmission schemes. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed data transmission schemes combined with their proposed deployment schemes outperform the traditional transmission scheme by 26 bits/s/Hz and 51 bits/s/Hz, respectively.
Back‐flow and flow‐alignment in pulsatile flows of Leslie–Ericksen liquid crystals

Analytical solutions to the capillary pulsatile flow of Leslie–Ericksen liquid crystals under small pressure drops are presented, when the imposed small pressure drop contains a steady and a time‐periodic contribution. The results show that pulsatile flows initiate periodic back‐flows (reorientation‐induced flow) which are directly linked to flow‐alignment characteristics of the material. The experimentally measurable power requirement (flow rate×pressure drop) is shown to be well suited to quantify back‐flows and flow‐alignment material properties. The analysis reveals that power requirements deviate from the Newtonian limit when the frequency of the oscillating pressure drop is close to the splay orientation diffusivity, and backflows become significant. In the terminal zone (small frequencies) the response is Newtonian and the power requirement is a quadratic function of amplitude. At large frequencies, the amplitude of back‐flow effects saturates and the power requirement is proportional to the square of the alignment viscosity coefficient α3. An experimental procedure to measure the flow‐alignment viscosity coefficient α3 is formulated, based on large frequency measurements, and a formula derived from the close‐form solution to the Leslie–Ericksen equations for capillary pulsatile flows.
Some Classification Procedures for Multivariate Binary Data Using Orthogonal Functions

Abstract Four new methods for classification of multivariate binary data are presented, based on an orthogonal expansion of the density in terms of discrete Fourier series. The performance of these methods in 11 populations of various structures was measured in terms of mean error of misclassification and was compared to three well-known methods. Also, performance in density estimation was measured for the appropriate methods. In general, the new methods seem to be superior for classification as well as for density estimation.
3D Magnetic Reconnection

Abstract Magnetic reconnection is an important process that is prevalent in a wide range of astrophysical bodies. It is the mechanism that permits magnetic fields to relax to a lower energy state through the global restructuring of the magnetic field and is thus associated with a range of dynamic phenomena such as solar flares and CMEs. The characteristics of three-dimensional reconnection are reviewed revealing how much more diverse it is than reconnection in two dimensions. For instance, three-dimensional reconnection can occur both in the vicinity of null points, as well as in the absence of them. It occurs continuously and continually throughout a diffusion volume, as opposed to at a single point, as it does in two dimensions. This means that in three-dimensions field lines do not reconnect in pairs of lines making the visualisation and interpretation of three-dimensional reconnection difficult. By considering particular numerical 3D magnetohydrodynamic models of reconnection, we consider how magnetic reconnection can lead to complex magnetic topologies and current sheet formation. Indeed, it has been found that even simple interactions, such as the emergence of a flux tube, can naturally give rise to ‘turbulent-like’ reconnection regions.
Strategies for optimizing CITE-seq for human islets and other tissues

Defining the immunological landscape of human tissue is an important area of research, but challenges include the impact of tissue disaggregation on cell phenotypes and the low abundance of immune cells in many tissues. Here, we describe methods to troubleshoot and standardize Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) for studies involving enzymatic digestion of human tissue. We tested epitope susceptibility of 92 antibodies commonly used to differentiate immune lineages and cell states on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells following treatment with an enzymatic digestion cocktail used to isolate islets. We observed CD4, CD8a, CD25, CD27, CD120b, CCR4, CCR6, and PD1 display significant sensitivity to enzymatic treatment, effects that often could not be overcome with alternate antibodies. Comparison of flow cytometry-based CITE-seq antibody titrations and sequencing data supports that for the majority of antibodies, flow cytometry accurately predicts optimal antibody concentrations for CITE-seq. Comparison by CITE-seq of immune cells in enzymatically digested islet tissue and donor-matched spleen not treated with enzymes revealed little digestion-induced epitope cleavage, suggesting increased sensitivity of CITE-seq and/or that the islet structure may protect resident immune cells from enzymes. Within islets, CITE-seq identified immune cells difficult to identify by transcriptional signatures alone, such as distinct tissue-resident T cell subsets, mast cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). Collectively this study identifies strategies for the rational design and testing of CITE-seq antibodies for single-cell studies of immune cells within islets and other tissues.
Bovine Anaplasmosis

Anaplasmosis is an infectious, noncontagious, transmissible disease of cattle caused by the intra-erythrocyte parasite Anaplasma marginale. In the United States, anaplasmosis is enzootic in the southern Atlantic states, the Gulf Coast states, the lower plains and western states but is reported as sporadic in the northern states.
Identification and cuckoo PI-PD controller design for stable and unstable processes

In this paper, a method for the identification and control of stable and unstable processes is proposed. Firstly, a second-order plus delay time process model is identified using an ideal relay in the feedforward path and then, a proportional integral–proportional derivative (PI-PD) controller is designed based on the identified process model. The PD controller is designed that stabilizes the process and the PI controller is designed using the cuckoo optimization algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed identification and control method is illustrated and verified by simulation and experimental results.
Current-induced degradation of high performance deep ultraviolet light emitting diodes

Lifetime measurements on single-chip, packaged 285 nm light-emitting diodes (LEDs) performed under constant current injection at 20 and 75 mA, were compared to the performance of unbiased LEDs baked at the equivalent operating junction temperatures. The thermally stressed devices showed a lesser degradation than those electrically stressed, indicating that elevated temperature alone does not cause degradation. Despite a decay to less than half of the initial power under current injection, time-resolved photoluminescence of the active region exhibits little change, while capacitance-voltage measurements imply that the reduced efficiency and power decay originate from the generation of point defects near the p-side of the p-n junction.
The K-Band Luminosities of Galaxies: Do S0s Come from Spiral Galaxies?

There are two main theories for the formation of S0 galaxies: that S0 and elliptical galaxies are formed in the same manner ab initio, or that S0s are mainly spiral galaxies from which the gas has been stripped by interactions with either hot cluster gas or other galaxies. Perhaps the best way to test these formation ideas is to calculate the luminosities of S0 and spiral galaxies in the K band, where dust effects for the spiral galaxies are minimal. If S0s are stripped spirals whose star formation has been quenched, we expect from existing models that S0s should be ~0.75 mag less luminous in K absolute magnitudes than early-type spirals. Using the nearly 25,000 galaxies in the Two Micron All Sky Survey that have total K magnitudes ≤11.25, we are able to select over 19,000 of these galaxies for analysis. Of these, 10,977 are in the Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies and 8230 are not. We separate galaxies by both Hubble type and whether they are in or out of nearby clusters and near or far from us. K-band absolute magnitudes are predicted using the velocity field model of Faber & Burstein for galaxies with a velocity of 6000 km s-1 or less with respect to the cosmic background radiation. We present histograms, medians, and means for galaxies of all Hubble types in absolute K magnitudes. In all cases, we find that giant ellipticals are more luminous than S0s, and that S0s are at least as luminous, if not more luminous, in the K band than are spiral galaxies. The K absolute magnitudes of the S0s compared to those of the spirals show that S0s are not gas-stripped spiral galaxies. While a few S0s can be gas-stripped spirals, as a class they are not. We suggest that the E+A galaxies seen in clusters at moderate redshift are S0s onto which hot gas has cooled, producing a temporary sprinkling of star formation.
Are Artificial Neural Network Techniques Relevant for the Estimation of Longitudinal Dispersion Coefficient in Rivers

Accurate application of the longitudinal dispersion model requires that specially designed experimental studies are performed in the river reach under consideration. Such studies are usually very expensive, so in order to quantify the longitudinal dispersion coefficient, as an alternative approach, various researchers have proposed numerous empirical formulae based on hydraulic and morphometric characteristics. The results are presented of the application of artificial neural networks as a parameter estimation technique. Five different cases were considered with the network trained for different arrangements of input nodes, such as channel depth, channel width, cross-sectionally averaged water velocity, shear velocity and sinuosity index. In the case where the sinuosity index is included as an input node, the results turned out to be better than those presented by other authors. Resume L'application precise du modele de dispersion longitudinale necessite la mise en œuvre d'etudes experimentales specifiques dans le cours d'eau considere. De telles etudes sont en general tres couteuses, si bien que, dans le but de quantifier de maniere alternative le coefficient de dispersion longitudinale, plusieurs chercheurs ont propose de nombreuses formules empiriques basees sur des caracteristiques hydrauliques et morphometriques. Nous presentons les resultats de l'application de reseaux de neurones artificiels comme technique d'estimation des parametres. Cinq cas differents ont ete consideres, avec, pour l'apprentissage, des combinaisons variees de nœuds d'entree, dont la profondeur du chenal, la largeur du chenal, la vitesse moyenne de l'eau a travers la section, la vitesse de cisaillement et l'indice de sinuosite. Lorsque l'indice de sinuosite est pris en compte comme nœud d'entree, les resultats sont ameliores par rapport a ceux d'autres auteurs.
Finite horizon stochastic optimal switching and impulse controls with a viscosity solution approach

A stochastic optimal switching and impulse control problem in a finite horizon is studied. The continuity of the value function, which is by no means trivial, is proved. The Bellman dynamic programming principle is shown to be valid for such a problem. Moroever, the value function is characterized as the unique viscosity solution of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation.
Mode stability of the Kerr black hole.

Separate differential and integral transformations are introduced for the individual radial and angular equations governing the (infinitesimally) gauge invariant Newman–Penrose quantities which represent massless perturbations of the Kerr black hole. Using these new transformations it is shown, without need for numerical investigation or reference to the analytic behavior of the separation constant, that no unstable mode perturbations exist for any physical value of the spin of massless fields on the rotating black hole background.
Estimation of Cirrus Optical Thickness from Sun Photometer Measurements

Abstract A method is proposed to estimate the optical thickness of cirrus clouds from ground-based sun photometry. Transfer calculations of solar radiation in ice clouds were made by the Monte Carlo method. A scattering phase function presented by Takano and Liou was employed for ice clouds. Simulations of sun photometry, which include strong forward scattering into the instrument's field of view, give a simple relationship between the true and apparent optical thicknesses. The correction method was applied to Sun photometer measurements for cirrostratus clouds observed at Tsukuba, Japan. The relationship between the visible optical thickness and the broadband solar flux transmittance obtained from observations agreed well with that theoretically expected for cloud optical thickness up to about 10.
Eleventh spectrum of cesium: Cs xi

The spectrum of cesium has been photographed in the 300–80-A region on a 10.7-m grazing-incidence spectrograph using a triggered spark source. The lowest configuration in Cs xi is 4d9, and its 2D splitting has been found to be 19268 cm−1. Thirty-four levels of the 4d8 5p configuration have been established on the basis of their transitions to the 4d9 2D levels in the 135–115-A wavelength region. Parametric-level fitting calculations support the analysis. Forty-seven lines are now classified in this spectrum.
Multi{frequency VLA observations of a new sample of CSS/GPS radio sources

In this paper we present a new sample of 87 Compact Steep Spectrum radio sources (CSS) with flux density0.8 Jy at 0.4 GHz. This sample has been selected from the B3-VLA sample with the aid of new VLA observations at 4.9 and 8.5 GHz which allowed to clean an earlier selection based on VLA 1.5 GHz data. Redshifts, either spectroscopic or photometric, are known for 62% of the sources. About 75% of the sources are resolved or slightly resolved in the new observations. The range of measured linear sizes is from 20 h 1 kpc (selection upper limit) down to0.5 h 1 kpc, which corresponds to our resolution limit. The Largest Linear Size (LLS) distribution is well represented by the power law dN=d(LLS) / LLS 0:6 , consistent with earlier results. The majority of the radio sources smaller than 0.5 h 1 kpc shows a marked spectral flattening at low frequencies. The four frequency spectra computed in the range 0.4{8.5 GHz display a signicant steepening at high frequencies in the largest majority of cases. A considerable fraction of source components are polarized, with median values of their fractional polarization6% and4% at 8.5 and 4.9 GHz respectively.