Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analytical Modeling and Optimization for Electromagnetic Performances of Fractional-Slot PM Brushless Machines

This paper presents a closed-form solution to optimize surface permanent magnet (PM) machines using concentrated windings. An analytical model is developed to predict the electromagnetic performances of fractional-slot PM machines. The model can be used to evaluate open-circuit magnetic field distribution with stator slotting effects, armature reaction field distributions, back-EMF waveform, winding inductance, cogging torque, electromagnetic ripple torque, efficiency, specific power, radial force density, and vibration mode order. Particle swarm optimization technique is applied to the proposed model in order to search for solutions that are a good compromise between conflicting objectives. The performances of the optimized machine are verified using finite element analysis. Finally, the analytical and finite element results have been validated with the experimental data, demonstrating a strong correlation between key machine parameters.
Alternatives to Indwelling Catheters Cause Unintended Complications

To reduce the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), limiting use of indwelling catheters is encouraged with alternative collection methods and early removal. Adverse effects associated with such practices have not been described. We also determined if CAUTI preventative measures increase the risk of catheter-related complications. We hypothesized that there are complications associated with early removal of indwelling catheters. We described complications associated with indwelling catheterization and intermittent catheterization, and compared complication rates before and after policy updates changed catheterization practices. We performed retrospective cohort analysis of trauma patients admitted between August 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013 who required indwelling catheter. Associations between catheter days and adverse outcomes such as infection, bladder overdistention injury, recatheterization, urinary retention, and patients discharged with indwelling catheter were evaluated. The incidence of CAUTI and the total number of catheter days pre and post policy change were similar. The incidence rate of urinary retention and associated complications has increased since the policy changed. Practices intended to reduce the CAUTI rate are associated with unintended complications, such as urinary retention. Patient safety and quality improvement programs should monitor all complications associated with urinary catheterization practices, not just those that represent financial penalties.
Making Differences in a Changing World: The Norwegian Sámi in the Tourist Industry

This article analyses the representation of the Norwegian Sámi in local and regional tourist brochures and at tourist sites. The argument put forward is that these representations give an impression of the Sámi that perpetuates their image as radically different from Norwegians. The main reason for this is the conceptual difference between tradition and a single all embracing modernity found in Western thought. To become something to see, a tourist attraction, indigenous peoples have to keep alive an image where features assumed to be modern have no place. This is not an image that only relates to a global discourse. By analysing the sites tourists encounter, it is shown how these exposures are embedded in different local and national discourses that still have consequences in the contemporary everyday life.
Effects of domestic violence on children's behavior problems and depression.

The Children's Depression Inventory, Child Behavior Checklist, and Youth Self-Report were completed by mothers, fathers, and their 8- to 12-year-old children to assess the effects of various types of domestic violence on children's behavior problems and depression. One hundred and ten Israeli children from lower-class families were identified through social service records. Thirty-three of the children had been physically abused by their parents within the last 6 months, 16 had witnessed spouse abuse, 30 had been both victims and witnesses of domestic violence, and 31 had experienced no known domestic violence. Overall, domestic violence had effects on child development that varied in magnitude and nature depending on the type of domestic violence and who reported the information about the child's adjustment. During the past 30 years, domestic violence and its effects on children's development have received considerable attention in the scientific and popular media (Cicchetti & Carlson, 1989). Although there is some evidence that children who are victims and/or witnesses of domestic violence have more social and emotional problems than their nonabused counterparts, findings have varied across studies. Because of the difficulties in recruiting samples, investigators have usually studied children from violent families that are characterized by multiple stressors (e.g., histories of drug and alcohol abuse, single parenting, shelter residence, and poverty) and multiple forms of maltreatment (i.e., neglect, sexual abuse, spouse abuse, and child abuse; Aber & Cicchetti, 1984). Unfortunately, it has been difficult to systematically measure these stresses and to evaluate how they exacerbate, moderate, or mask the effects of maltreatment on
Counterdependence at Work

Although styles of self-reliance theoretically arise from early attachments, other research suggests the influence of attachment operates indirectly through internalized but modifiable beliefs about the self and others. The present study examined the relative contribution of parental attachment, social support perceptions, control beliefs, and self-monitoring in understanding workplace counterdependence, a problematic style of self-reliance reflective of avoidant attachments. Participants were 184 undergraduate students (mean age = 23.2 years) who worked an average of 29.2 hours per week. As expected, the regression analysis identified perceptions about support, explanatory beliefs, and self-monitoring skills as significant predictors of counterdependence, whereas parental attachment factors were not; collectively these significant predictors explained 41.5% of the variance. The results suggest that difficulties with workplace counterdependence may be ameliorated by interventions that target workers' perceived deficiencies in the skill-linked predictors identified in this study.
HTS Fault Current Limiters—First Commercial Devices for Distribution Level Grids in Europe

Nexans SuperConductors GmbH (NSC) has successfully designed, built and tested the first two HTS Fault Current Limiter (FCL) systems on a commercial basis for two different application cases in Europe. Both systems are live in the customer grids since last quarter of 2009: The first one is installed in UK where it acts as a bus bar coupler in a MV grid. The second one is protecting the auxiliary supply of a brown coal power station in Germany. The superconducting components are based on bulk melt cast processed BSCCO-2212 material. NSC masters the full product chain for the new systems starting from raw material powder, via HTS tubes, FCL components and modules to the complete systems. For the second system, NSC has also integrated the ancillary equipment for cooling and has successfully commissioned the system at the customer site. Prior to field installation both systems were intensively tested at the independent and certified test lab IPH in Berlin. The paper gives an overview of both systems, reports on first experiences from field operation and depicts perspectives for the future.
Analysis of Rab GTPases

This unit describes methods to identify proteins interacting with, and regulating, Rab GTPases. Rabs form the largest subgroup of Ras superfamily GTPases, and act as molecular switches controlling the specificity of membrane trafficking. The regulation and the signal readout of Rabs are mediated by four groups of proteins, the GDP‐GTP exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), Rab chaperones, and effector proteins. Rabs are activated at the membrane surface by specific GEFs that promote the exchange of bound GDP to GTP. Effector proteins then bind to the activated Rab GTPase and mediate the cellular response at this membrane surface. Finally, a Rab‐specific GAP‐protein inactivates the GTPase by catalyzing the hydrolysis of bound GTP to GDP, thus terminating the cellular response. The methods described here are valuable for characterizing these different types of activity, and assigning which Rab they act on. Curr. Protoc. Cell Biol. 57:15.18. 1‐15.18. 17. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Knowledge production: public management and the market spectacle

Purpose - Public management is moving towards more control by executives in the name of the people. Executive knowledge is privileged by initiatives such as new public management and collaborative public management that promote the market spectacle. The purpose of this paper is to employ a “radical,” or critical, interpretation based primarily on concepts and social critiques developed by Marx, by Weber and by Debord, to offer a position, polemic, and perspective regarding the nature and effects of public management on the American polis. Design/methodology/approach - The authors develop a social critique of bureaucracy and government towards domination governance of the polis primarily by developing and using the theoretical work of scholars such as Marx, Weber, and Debord for this analysis. Findings - These developments towards more control by executives are corrosive to the last vestiges of representative democracy in the USA. Originality/value - The question remains as to whether it is too late to reform, or turn back, the onset of the new public managerialism and whether the current condition of public administration is a symptom of the overall market spectacle trend.
Os estereotipos e o vies lingüistico intergrupal

One of the main evidences found in recent studies on stereotypes is the that named “intergroup bias”, which indicates a tendency both to considering outgroup members more homogeneous than ingroup ones, and the related tendency to benefiting the in-group members to the detriment of the o utgroup ones. This work, with an experimental feature, was for evaluating the extent of this effect in participants with a white ethnic origin and participants with an African ethnic origin who are living in Salvador, State of Bahia (Brazil). The dependable variable was related to a forced choice among four options, each of them representing a linguistic codification with a different level of abstraction (adjectives, permanent states verbs, interpretative verbs, descriptive verbs). The results, unlike those ones found in written sources, did not show any effect determined by the participant's ethnic origin, nor by the character's one, nor even by the interaction of these two variables. The conclusions of the study, however, should not be taken as an indication of an absence of racial prejudice between the participants. Rather, they should more likely be taken as a consequence determined by the limits and imperfection of the indirect instruments for measuring the stereotypes and the prejudices. Keywords: stereotypes; prejudice; intergroup linguistic bias; intergroup.
Trauma Exposure, Mental Health Functioning, and Program Needs of Women in Jail

A convenience sample of 100 female jail inmates was interviewed by two female clinical psychologists using measures of trauma exposure, psychopathology, sexual risk behavior, parenting skills, and perceived needs for service. Participants had high rates of lifetime trauma exposure (98%), current mental disorders (36%), and drug/alcohol problems (74%). More than half of the women showed deficits in parenting skills. Participants described their primary problems as being in the areas of substance abuse and family issues, and they endorsed a variety of potential services they would like to be able to access. Unless trauma and victimization experiences, mental health needs, and functional difficulties are taken into account in program development, incarcerated women are unlikely to benefit optimally from in-house and postrelease programs.
Associations of Mortality with Long-Term Exposures to Fine and Ultrafine Particles, Species and Sources: Results from the California Teachers Study Cohort

Background Although several cohort studies report associations between chronic exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) and mortality, few have studied the effects of chronic exposure to ultrafine (UF) particles. In addition, few studies have estimated the effects of the constituents of either PM2.5 or UF particles. Methods We used a statewide cohort of > 100,000 women from the California Teachers Study who were followed from 2001 through 2007. Exposure data at the residential level were provided by a chemical transport model that computed pollutant concentrations from > 900 sources in California. Besides particle mass, monthly concentrations of 11 species and 8 sources or primary particles were generated at 4-km grids. We used a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the association between the pollutants and all-cause, cardiovascular, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and respiratory mortality. Results We observed statistically significant (p < 0.05) associations of IHD with PM2.5 mass, nitrate, elemental carbon (EC), copper (Cu), and secondary organics and the sources gas- and diesel-fueled vehicles, meat cooking, and high-sulfur fuel combustion. The hazard ratio estimate of 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.31) for IHD in association with a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 is consistent with findings from the American Cancer Society cohort. We also observed significant positive associations between IHD and several UF components including EC, Cu, metals, and mobile sources. Conclusions Using an emissions-based model with a 4-km spatial scale, we observed significant positive associations between IHD mortality and both fine and ultrafine particle species and sources. Our results suggest that the exposure model effectively measured local exposures and facilitated the examination of the relative toxicity of particle species. Citation Ostro B, Hu J, Goldberg D, Reynolds P, Hertz A, Bernstein L, Kleeman MJ. 2015. Associations of mortality with long-term exposures to fine and ultrafine particles, species and sources: results from the California Teachers Study cohort. Environ Health Perspect 123:549–556; http://dx.doi. org/10.1289/ehp.1408565
Robotic surgery in gynecologic oncology

Purpose of review The objective of this article is to review the recently published literature on the use of robotic surgery in the management of gynecologic malignancies. Recent findings Retrospective data collected from many institutions support the use of robotic surgery in the management of cervical, endometrial, and early-stage ovarian cancer. Benefits to robotic surgery include decreased blood loss, fewer perioperative complications, and decreased length of hospital stay, especially when compared to an open cohort. Disadvantages include costs associated with the robotic system and disposable equipment, accessibility to robotic surgical systems, loss of haptic sensation with the device, and lack of prospective trials validating its use in gynecologic oncology. Summary Current evidence establishes a role for the use of robotic surgery in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies. Further research should be implemented to validate the use of robotic surgery in gynecologic malignancies and to compare its outcomes to those of open and laparoscopic surgery.
Induction of Atypical Autophagy by Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus Contributes to Viral Replication

Autophagy is a basic biological metabolic process involving in intracellular membrane transport pathways that recycle cellular components and eliminate intracellular microorganisms within the lysosome. Autophagy also plays an important part in virus infection and propagation. However, some pathogens, including viruses, have evolved unique trick to escape or exploit autophagy. This study explores the mechanism of autophagy induction by porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) in Neuro-2a cells, and examines the role of autophagy in PHEV replication. PHEV triggered autophagy in Neuro-2a cells is dependent on the presence of bulk double- or single-membrane vacuoles, the accumulation of GFP-LC3 fluorescent dots, and the LC3 lipidation. In addition, PHEV induced an incomplete autophagic effect because the degradation level of p62 did not change in PHEV-infected cells. Further validation was captured using LysoTracker and lysosome-associated membrane protein by indirect immunofluorescence labeling in PHEV-infected cells. We also investigated the change in viral replication by pharmacological experiments with the autophagy inducer rapamycin or the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA, and the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). Suppression of autophagy by 3-MA increased viral replication, compared with the mock treatment, while promoting of autophagy by rapamycin reduced PHEV replication. CQ treatment enhanced the LC3 lipidation in PHEV-infected Neuro-2a cells but lowered PHEV replication. These results show that PHEV infection induces atypical autophagy and causes the appearance of autophagosomes but blocks the fusion with lysosomes, which is necessary for the replication of PHEV in nerve cells.
Multiple Intelligences and ESL Teaching and Learning

This study examined teachers’ use of the Multiple Intelligences Theory on vocabulary acquisition by preschoolers during English as a second language (ESL) classes in a K-12 school in Lebanon. Eighty kindergartners (KG II, aged 5 years) and eight teachers constituted the sample. The study used mixed methods, including observations of videotaped sessions, teacher surveys, and student interviews. Results indicated that (a) students acquired new vocabulary faster using traditional methods of teaching; however, their retention of such vocabulary was significantly weaker when compared with the vocabulary acquired in Multiple Intelligence (MI) classes; (b) the MI profile of the teachers was correlated with their teaching styles and lesson delivery; and (c) teachers who used MI in their teaching also had lower usage of higher order thinking skills. The study recommends the utilization of MI in ESL teaching and learning, yet also stipulates some aspects to be taken into consideration.
Zebrafish dou yan mutation causes patterning defects and extensive cell death in the retina

The size of an organ is largely determined by the number of cells it contains, which in turn is regulated by two opposing processes, cell proliferation and cell death, however, it is generally not clear how cell proliferation and cell death are coordinated during development. Here, we characterize the zebrafish dou yanmi234 mutation that results in a dramatic reduction of retinal size and a disruption of retinal differentiation and lamination. The retinal size reduction is caused by increased retinal cell death in a non–cell‐autonomous manner during early development. The phenotypic defect in dou yanmi234 arises coincident with the onset of retinal neurogenesis and differentiation. Interestingly, unlike many other small eye mutations, the mutation does not increase the level of cell death in the brain, suggesting that the brain and retina use different mechanisms to maintain cell survival. Identification and further study of the dou yan gene will enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating retinal cellular homeostasis, i.e., the balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Developmental Dynamics 236:1295–1306, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adaptive Sampling of Implicit Surfaces for Interactive Modelling and Animation

This paper presents a new adaptive sampling method for implicit surfaces that can be used in both interactive modelling and animation. The algorithm samples implicit objects composed of blending primitives and efficiently maintains this sampling over time, even when their topology changes (during fractures and fusions). It provides two complementary modes of immediate visualization: displaying “scales” lying on the surface, or a “primitive‐wise” polygonization. The sampling method efficiently avoids unwanted blending between different parts of an object. Moreover, it can be used for partitioning an implicit surface into local bounding boxes that will accelerate collision detection during animation and ray‐intersections during final rendering.
Volumetric analysis of regional left ventricular function with real-time three-dimensional echocardiography: validation by magnetic resonance and clinical utility testing

Background: Quantitative information on regional left ventricular volumes from real-time three-dimensional echocardiographic (RT3DE) images has significant clinical potential but needs validation. Aim: To validate these measurements against cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and test the feasibility of automated detection of regional wall motion (RWM) abnormalities from RT3DE data. Methods: RT3DE (Philips) and CMR (Siemens) images were obtained from 31 patients and analysed by using prototype software to semiautomatically calculate indices of regional left ventricular function, which were compared between RT3DE and CMR (linear regression, Bland–Altman). Additionally, CMR images were reviewed by an expert, whose RWM grades were used as a reference for automated classification of segments as normal or abnormal from RT3DE and from CMR images. For each modality, normal regional ejection fraction (REF) values were obtained from 15 patients with normal wall motion. In the remaining 16 patients, REFs were compared with thresholds that were derived from patients with normal wall motion and optimised using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results: RT3DE measurements resulted in good agreement with CMR. Regional indices calculated in patients with normal wall motion varied between segments, but overall were similar between modalities. In patients with abnormal wall motion, RWM was graded as abnormal in 74% segments. CMR and RT3DE thresholds were similar (16-segment average 55 (10)% and 56 (7)%, respectively). Automated interpretation resulted in good agreement with expert interpretation, similar for CMR and RT3DE (sensitivity 0.85, 0.84; specificity 0.81, 0.78; accuracy 0.84, 0.84, respectively). Conclusion: Analysis of RT3DE data provides accurate quantification of regional left ventricular function and allows semiautomated detection of RWM abnormalities, which is as accurate as the same algorithm applied to CMR images.
Red-Tape and the Service Ethic

Comparing public and private organizations has long been a favorite pastime of public administration, but such comparisons have often been self-serving. Most have stressed conceptual or normative arguments-oriented largely toward justifying the separate study of public administration. Few have undertaken to establish an empirical basis for their claims. One of the strongest cases made thus far against such comparative efforts is by Parker and Subramaniam (1964). They note particularly the lack of common standards of description and analysis typical of these comparisons, the tendency to compare &dquo;great conglomerations of miscella-
Cohesion and power in the families of children involved in bully/victim problems at school

The dimensions of Power and Cohesion have been found to be useful in describing family systems. They may also be predictive of children who will bully others or be victimized themselves. A sample of 20 bullies, 20 victims, 20 bully/victims, and 20 control children were selected from three middle schools via a system of peer nominations. These children then completed a version of the Family System Test (FAST) to establish how they perceived their families on the dimensions of Power and Cohesion. The four subgroups showed characteristic differences on the FAST plots, which are discussed. Future use of the FAST test in examining the link between perceived family structure and peer relationships seems warranted.