Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polish Medical Society of Radiology and Polish Society of Rheumatology Recommendations for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Rheumatology

Summary This document presents the recommendations of the Polish Medical Society of Radiology (PLTR) and the Polish Society of Polish Society of Rheumatology (PTR) regarding the standards of collaboration between radiologists and rheumatologists so as to optimize the diagnostics and treatment of patients with rheumatic diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathies.
SearchResultFinder: federated search made easy

Building a federated search engine based on a large number existing web search engines is a challenge: implementing the programming interface (API) for each search engine is an exacting and time-consuming job. In this demonstration we present SearchResultFinder, a browser plugin which speeds up determining reusable XPaths for extracting search result items from HTML search result pages. Based on a single search result page, the tool presents a ranked list of candidate extraction XPaths and allows highlighting to view the extraction result. An evaluation with 148 web search engines shows that in 90% of the cases a correct XPath is suggested.
A new surgical technique for the treatment of scaphotrapezial arthritis associated with trapeziometacarpal arthritis: the narrow pseudoarthrosis

We describe a technique for treating Eaton stage IV osteoarthritis of the first ray, which is a development of our previously published technique for treating trapeziometacarpal arthritis. This simple technique is based on a limited resection arthroplasty of the first trapeziometacarpal and the scaphotrapezial joints, with the aim of inducing the formation of a narrow pseudoarthrosis at both sites. A total of 26 consecutive patients were treated for Eaton stage IV arthritis at a mean follow-up of 4.7 years (range 3.2–6.6). There were statistically significant improvements in all clinical parameters: mean appositional and oppositional pinch strength, mean DASH score (65 points pre-operatively to 8.7 points at final follow-up), and in mean visual analogue scale score (8.6 to 0.2 points). Although a larger cohort and a longer follow-up will be necessary to evaluate this new technique fully, these results encourage us to believe that the limited excision arthroplasty of the trapeziometacarpal and scaphotrapezial joints is a viable alternative to the existing surgical treatments for stage IV thumb arthritis. Level of evidence: 4
Type-2 Projected Gustafson-Kessel Clustering Algorithm

We propose a type-2 based clustering algorithm to capture data points and attributes relationship embedded in fuzzy subspaces. It is a modification of Gustafson Kessel clustering algorithm through deployment of type-2 fuzzy sets for high dimensional data. The experimental results have shown that type-2 projected GK algorithm perform considerably better than the comparative techniques.
Spectral Efficiency of Orthogonal Set of Truncated MC-CDMA Signals Using Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequences

In this paper, we show that a set of multicarrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA) signals using a set of discrete prolate spheroidal sequences achieves 95% of the maximum spectral efficiency at the out-of-band energy of 0.1% and the bandwidth-duration product of 45.25 with an orthogonalizing truncation. It is shown that the density p of carriers plays an important role in accurately estimating the out-of-band energy of the signals based on the corresponding eigenvalues and in achieving a small out-of-band energy. We also show that p should be chosen such that rho ges 4 or rho ges 8. To perform numerically stable eigenanalysis, we employ the technique of singular-value decomposition.
Anecdotal, Historical and Critical Commentaries on Genetics: The Historical Discovery of the Nine Species in the Drosophila melanogaster Species Subgroup

DROSOPHILA melanogaster has played a central role in genetics research since the Morgan lab in the early years of the previous century. Yet, it has played a lesser role in the study of speciation. This is due to the fact that, until recently, there was only one closely related species, D. simulans, and the hybrids between the two species were sterile. Other groups, such as pseudoobscura, provided better opportunities. This changed recently with the discovery in Africa of several closely related species, making a total of nine. This article describes the discovery of these species and some of their salient features not likely to be known to geneticists.
Breakthrough Technologies In Situ Mapping of Nutrient Uptake in the Rhizosphere Using Nanoscale Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry 1 [ OA ]

Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis (P.L.C., M.R.K., J.B.C.), and Soil Biology Group, School of Earth and Environment (A.M.H., D.V.M.), University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; School of the Environment and Natural Resources, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, Wales, United Kingdom (D.L.J.); and Institute for Research on Environment and Sustainability, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom (E.A.S., A.M.H.)
High‐frequency ventilation: Oscillatory dynamics

Objectives: To determine the influence of the dynamic properties of the oscillator on the oscillatory volume delivered through the endotracheal tube to the lung or lung surrogate (delivered volume) under conditions of high‐frequency ventilation. In particular, the relation between the tidal volume of the pump (oscillator) and the delivered volume was analyzed. Paco2 was measured further as a function of the delivered volume in a number of experiments performed with healthy dogs. Design: Laboratory study. Setting: Engineering and animal laboratory. Subjects: Lung surrogates and healthy dogs. Interventions: An experimental oscillatory system was connected to various lung surrogates. In addition, six beagle dogs received high‐frequency ventilation with different delivered volumes during the study. Control of the mean airway pressure was achieved by a peripheral pressure chamber located at the exhaust port of the bias flow tube. Results: The delivered volume, which is the quantity of interest from a physiologic point of view, can deviate considerably from the tidal volume of the pump due to dynamic (particularly resonance) effects. Because the delivered volume and the mean airway pressure have to be controlled independently, two independent quantities are necessary for control purposes (e.g., the tidal volume of the pump and the mean pressure at the exhaust port). Furthermore, it was found that a minimal condition for adequate gas exchange is a delivered volume that exceeds the machine‐related deadspace. For this reason, and in order to maximize the CO2 gradient, the exhaust tube must be as short as possible. Conclusions: a) The delivered volume has to be monitored under clinical conditions; b) however, because the impedance of the endotracheal tube in general considerably exceeds the impedance of the lung, the influence of the impedance of the lung on the delivered volume is generally small, and thus an in vitro calibration may serve as a useful approximation; c) at least two independent quantities are needed for an adequate oscillatory control; d) a necessary (not necessarily sufficient) condition for adequate CO2 removal is that the delivered volume must exceed the machine‐related deadspace; e) in a clinical environment involving extremely pathologic lung conditions, e.g., adult respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical lung characteristics may deviate substantially from those characteristics used in this study (i.e., the results obtained may not necessarily be applicable under all clinical situations). (Crit Care Med 1994; 22:S58‐S65)
Locality-aware dynamic VM reconfiguration on MapReduce clouds

Cloud computing based on system virtualization, has been expanding its services to distributed data-intensive platforms such as MapReduce and Hadoop. Such a distributed platform on clouds runs in a virtual cluster consisting of a number of virtual machines. In the virtual cluster, demands on computing resources for each node may fluctuate, due to data locality and task behavior. However, current cloud services use a static cluster configuration, fixing or manually adjusting the computing capability of each virtual machine (VM). The fixed homogeneous VM configuration may not adapt to changing resource demands in individual nodes. In this paper, we propose a dynamic VM reconfiguration technique for data-intensive computing on clouds, called Dynamic Resource Reconfiguration (DRR). DRR can adjust the computing capability of individual VMs to maximize the utilization of resources. Among several factors causing resource imbalance in the Hadoop platforms, this paper focuses on data locality. Although assigning tasks on the nodes containing their input data can improve the overall performance of a job significantly, the fixed computing capability of each node may not allow such locality-aware scheduling. DRR dynamically increases or decreases the computing capability of each node to enhance locality-aware task scheduling. We evaluate the potential performance improvement of DRR on a 100-node cluster, and its detailed behavior on a small scale cluster with constrained network bandwidth. On the 100-node cluster, DRR can improve the throughput of Hadoop jobs by 15% on average, and 41% on the private cluster with the constrained network connection.
The Role of the Posterior Parietal Cortex in the Planning of Saccadic Eye Movements

This thesis aimed to investigate the role of posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in relation to saccade planning and more specifically the spatial remapping processes essential to this behaviour. These experiments begin through the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on a version of the classic double-step saccade paradigm (Chapter 2). TMS was not found to disrupt spatial remapping on this task and a potential explanation for this in terms of task specifications was proposed. In Chapter 4 this theme was explored further through a series of variations on the double-step saccade task, in which the order of target presentation was manipulated; these led to the conclusion that both target encoding and spatial remapping are influenced by such task-related factors. In Chapter 3, a second set of TMS experiments is discussed, which investigated the updating of saccade plans in response to a change in target location, rather than eye position. Finally in Chapters 5 and 6 neuroimaging studies that aimed to evaluate the cortical areas involved in these processes are discussed. The first of these (Chapter 5) was an extension of the behavioural studies previously conducted in Chapter 4. The second employed a novel saccade paradigm to investigate the effect of intervening saccades made between the time of target encoding and execution (Chapter 6). The findings from these experiments supported the idea that the PPC is important for representing saccade goals and updating these following a change in the spatial relationship between the centre of gaze and the target location for a future saccade. In Chapter 7 the findings from the aforementioned studies were discussed in relation to current debate within this area of research, concerning in particular the functional significance of saccade-related neuronal activity in PPC, as were suggestions for future studies that might help provide further insight into these issues.
Not Easy Being British: Colour, Culture And Citizenship

The 1980s saw an attempt to promote an antiracism of colour-consciousness and class analysis. A result was to marginalise or make invisible many aspects of ethnic minority, especially British Asian communities. Some of these aspects, such as the rejection of an imposed black political identity, upward socio-economic mobility on the part of some groups and emergence of Muslim activism amongst a new type of underclass, are now becoming visible but cannot be understood by British race sociology and the social policies informed by it. Tariq Modood offers a series of reflections and critiques in which he argues that we need to re-think the field of race relations and equality if we are to make space for the new communities and redefine our sense of what it means to be British.
Lytic Cycle of Toxoplasma gondii

SUMMARY Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular pathogen within the phylum Apicomplexa. This protozoan parasite is one of the most widespread, with a broad host range including many birds and mammals and a geographic range that is nearly worldwide. While infection of healthy adults is usually relatively mild, serious disease can result in utero or when the host is immunocompromised. This sophisticated eukaryote has many specialized features that make it well suited to its intracellular lifestyle. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of how the asexual tachyzoite stage of Toxoplasma attaches to, invades, replicates in, and exits the host cell. Since this process is closely analogous to the way in which viruses reproduce, we refer to it as the Toxoplasma “lytic cycle. ”
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN BENTUK GEOMETRI MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B TK KKLKMD KUWON BAMBANGLIPURO BANTUL

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman bentuk geometri melalui pembelajaran berbasis multimedia pada anak Kelompok B TK KKLKMD Kuwon Bambanglipuro Bantul. Pemahaman bentuk geometri pada penelitian ini difokuskan pada kemampuan menunjuk dan mencari sebanyak-banyaknya benda yang mempunyai bentuk menurut ciri-ciri tertentu serta kemampuan mengelompokkan benda-benda 3 dimensi (benda-benda sebenarnya) yang berbentuk geometri 3 variasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (Classroom Action Research) yang dilakukan secara kolaborasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 10 anak yang terdiri dari empat perempuan dan enam laki-laki. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah pemahaman konsep geometri melalui pembelajaran berbasis multimedia. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman bentuk geometri meningkat melalui pembelajaran berbasis multimedia. Hal ini dapat diketahui dari adanya peningkatan rata-rata pemahaman bentuk geometri anak pada prasiklus, Siklus I, dan Siklus II. Berikut uraian hasil peningkatan rata-rata pemahaman bentuk geometri anak Kelompok B yaitu hasil prasiklus sebesar 25% (2 anak), hasil siklus I sebesar 55% (5 anak), dan hasil Siklus II sebesar 80% (8 anak) telah memenuhi target indikator keberhasilan sebesar 80%. Pembelajaran berbasis multimedia dilakukan dengan cara menayangkan CD pembelajaran bentuk geometri yang berisi materi tentang menunjuk dan mencari benda, serta mengelompokkan benda tiga dimensi (benda sebenarnya yang berbentuk geometri) dilanjutkan kegiatan diskusi, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan games yang dapat dimainkan anak secara bergantian. Kata Kunci: pemahaman bentuk geometri, pembelajaran berbasis multimedia, anak kelompok B.
Estimation of sea ice thickness in the Arctic Sea using polarimetric parameters of C- and X-band space-borne SAR data

In this study, we derived the relationship between target depolarization factor and physical parameters of sea ice in order to estimate the thickness using dual-polarization C-and X-band space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. The target depolarization factor, the cross-polarized ratio of C-band SAR data, which can explain the target depolarization effect, were strongly related to changes in surface roughness of thick First-Year Ice (FYI) and Multi-Year Ice (MYI), and were almost insensitive to variations in the surface dielectric constant of thick FYI and MYI and the incidence angle of C-band SAR data. This relationship showed a high correlation between target depolarization factor of C-band SAR data, the cross-polarized ratio, and thick FYI and MYI thickness. We validated the estimated method using RADARSAT-2 and TerraSAR-X data and ground-truth data acquired in the Arctic Sea off the northern coast of Greenland.
Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 from cases of bovine mastitis.

OBJECTIVES Twenty-five MRSA ST398 isolates from cases of bovine clinical mastitis and two isolates from farm personnel collected from 17 dairy farms in Germany were investigated for genetic relatedness, antimicrobial resistance and virulence properties. METHODS Genomic relationships were determined by ApaI PFGE, spa typing, SCCmec typing and dru typing. Antimicrobial resistance phenotypes were determined by broth microdilution. Resistance and virulence genes were detected via a diagnostic DNA microarray and specific PCRs. RESULTS Nine major ApaI PFGE patterns were detected. Three spa types (t011, t034 and t2576) and two SCCmec types (IV and V) were identified. Five different dru types were seen with dt11a being predominant. All isolates were negative for Panton-Valentine leucocidin, enterotoxin and exfoliative toxin genes. Ten resistance patterns were observed with 11 (40.7%) isolates being resistant to only beta-lactam antibiotics and tetracyclines. Several resistance genes were detected: blaZ (penicillin resistance); tet(M), tet(K) and tet(L) (tetracycline resistance); erm(A), erm(B), erm(C) and erm(T) (macrolide/lincosamide/streptogramin B resistance); aacA-aphD, aphA3, aadD and spc (aminoglycoside or aminocyclitol resistance); fexA (phenicol resistance); dfrK (trimethoprim resistance); and vga(A) and vga(C) (pleuromutilin/lincosamide/streptogramin A resistance). The two human isolates were indistinguishable in their genotypic and phenotypic characteristics from the mastitis isolates of the same farm. CONCLUSIONS As previously described for ST398 from swine, isolates of this sequence type from cases of bovine mastitis also demonstrated a high degree of variability when ApaI PFGE profiles and other genotypic and phenotypic characteristics were compared. A uniform virulence gene pattern appeared to be conserved between ST398 isolates from both animal species.
System of recognizing human action by mining in time-series motion logs and applications

For solving the “Digital divide” problem and developing a system which understands human, the data mining technology is being developed. Moreover, within the concept of Kukanchi, the system can not only collect information, but also provide service to user. In this paper, the authors show two experiments which constructed based on “Kukanchi”. These Kukanchi systems include both techniques of action recognition and mining in time-series motion logs. In the first experiment, the authors constructed a service robot system, which makes networked robots exchange and provide the information to customers by recognizing their actions, to show the basis concept of the paper. In the second experiment, the authors show the possibility of using interactive data mining, which uses visualization techniques to help human add judgments, to improve the results of the first experiment. The two experiments show the utility and possibility of Kukanchi and mining in time-series motion logs which supports the system to understand human and help people directly.
Compact Multiband Planar Antenna for 2.4/3.5/5.2/5.8-GHz Wireless Applications

A low-profile planar monopole antenna is proposed to operate within WLAN and WiMAX frequency bands. The antenna is composed of three radiating elements together with an additional strip to control the antenna performance. An electromagnetic (EM) model of the proposed antenna is developed in CST Microwave Studio for numerical analysis and optimization. The principle of operation and parametric study on the antenna performance are provided. Two dual-band and triple-band antennas are fabricated, and experimental results are presented.
ANSIG—An analytic signature for permutation-invariant two-dimensional shape representation

Many applications require a computer representation of 2D shape, usually described by a set of 2D points. The challenge of this representation is that it must not only capture the characteristics of the shape but also be invariant to relevant transformations. Invariance to geometric transformations, such as translation, rotation and scale, has received attention in the past, usually under the assumption that the points are previously labeled, i.e., that the shape is characterized by an ordered set of landmarks. However, in many practical scenarios the landmarks are obtained from an automatic process, e.g., edge/corner detection, thus without natural ordering. In this paper, we represent 2D shapes in a way that is invariant to the permutation of the landmarks. Within our framework, a shape is mapped to an analytic function on the complex plane, leading to what we call its analytic signature (ANSIG). We show that different shapes lead to different ANSIGs but that shapes that differ by a permutation of the landmarks lead to the same ANSIG, i.e., that our representation is a maximal invariant with respect to the permutation group. To store an ANSIG, it suffices to sample it along a closed contour in the complex plane. We further show how easy it is to factor out geometric transformations when comparing shapes using the ANSIG representation. We illustrate the ANSIG capabilities in shape-based image classification.
Potential Higher-Order Aberration Cues for Sphero-Cylindrical Refractive Error Development

Purpose. To investigate analytically whether higher-order wavefront errors comprising combinations of trefoil along 30° (trefoil30), vertical coma, and spherical aberration could provide cues to sphero-cylindrical refractive error development. Methods. A total of 25 test wavefronts, subdivided into five different types and five levels of higher-order root mean square errors (HO-RMS), were created for the study. One type contained spherical aberration only, producing HO-RMS levels between 0.1 and 0.5 &mgr;m. Four wavefront types contained coma, trefoil, and spherical aberration of various sign combinations also producing HO-RMS levels between 0.1 and 0.5 &mgr;m. From the 25 wavefronts, refractive power maps were created and 2025 different sphero-cylindrical combinations were added to each refractive power map. For each sphero-cylinder combination, the visual Strehl ratio based on the modulation transfer function (VSMTF) was calculated. Retinal images and refractive power histograms were calculated for the refractive power maps corresponding to the peak of the VSMTF. Results. Spherical aberration affected the best focal plane thereby inducing spherical or defocus cues. The VSMTF produced by vertical coma and trefoil30, in combination with spherical aberration, could be improved with sphero-cylinders of various magnitudes and directions (i.e., with-the-rule, against-the rule, myopic astigmatism, or hyperopic astigmatism). Clinical significance of sphero-cylinders (i.e., ≥0.25 D) was reached at HO-RMS levels between 0.2 and 0.3 &mgr;m for a 5-mm pupil zone. Conclusions. In the context of compensatory blur driven eye growth, commonly occurring combinations of the three considered higher-order aberrations have the potential to produce cues to eye growth resulting in myopia and with-the-rule astigmatism.