Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Remote Control and Beyond: The Legacy of Robert Adler

Robert Adler, best known as the co-inventor of the television remote control, died in February at the age of 93. He had been active, as a con-sultant in ultrasonics, well beyond the age of 90. Indeed, the last of his approximately 180 U.S. patents is dated February 1, 2007—two weeksbefore his death.Adler was born in Vienna in 1913 and received a doctorate in physics from the University of Vienna in 1937. Not long afterward he fledVienna for the United States, to escape Nazi persecution. In the U.S. he took a position at Zenith Corporation, where he would co ntinue to workfor 60 years.Adler’s TV remote control systems had predecessors. In 1950 engineers at the Zenith Radio Corporation (later renamed Zenith ElectronicsCorporation) resorted to cumbersome wires to produce a system known as “Lazy Bones. ” In 1955 Zenith engineer Eugene Polley proposed aphotocellular device without wire, the “Flashmatic. ” But both systems had problems:A wire running across a living room was not sa fe, and pho-tocells were too sensitive to sunlight.It was in this setting that Adler, then working at Zenith headquarters in Chicago, had the idea of using ultrasonic waves to control a televi-sion. This marked the birth of a truly convenient and reliable remote control system. Designed in 1955, the device went into pro duction in 1956.Details can be found in [2]. Most current remote control devices are operated by infrared signals; Adler’s invention dominated the market for more than 25 years, how-ever, and for this reason he is often called “the father of the TV remote control. ” Less well known is that Adler also did early work on certainhighly nonlinear oscillating circuits, which led eventually to the well-known Kuramoto model of synchronization.Near the end of 2003, in private correspondence with one of us (R.S.), Adler wrote that in the 1940s, he and others at Zenith were interestedin reducing the number of vacuum tubes in an FM radio. The possibility that a locked oscillator might offer a solution inspired his 1946 paper,“A Study of Locking Phenomena in Oscillators” [3]. He did not continue to explore this topic, turning his attention instead to special-purposevacuum tubes, low-noise amplifiers, and ultrasonic devices. But in October 1973, a quarter of a century after the appearance of the paper,Anthony Siegman of Stanford arranged for its republication in the
On Certain Large Random Hermitian Jacobi Matrices With Applications to Wireless Communications

In this paper we study the spectrum of certain large random Hermitian Jacobi matrices. These matrices are known to describe certain communication setups. In particular, we are interested in an uplink cellular channel which models mobile users experiencing a soft-handoff situation under joint multicell decoding. Considering rather general fading statistics we provide a closed-form expression for the per-cell sum-rate of this channel in high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), when an intra-cell time-division multiple-access (TDMA) protocol is employed. Since the matrices of interest are tridiagonal, their eigenvectors can be considered as sequences with second-order linear recurrence. Therefore, the problem is reduced to the study of the exponential growth of products of two-by-two matrices. For the case where K users are simultaneously active in each cell, we obtain a series of lower and upper bound on the high-SNR power offset of the per-cell sum-rate, which are considerably tighter than previously known bounds.
Rajeev Raizada : Statement of research interests

There tends to be a split in the field of fMRI: some researchers focus primarily on asking cognitive and neural questions, whereas others concentrate more on developing methods. An unfortunate side-effect of this split is that research on cognitive questions may fail to use the methods that could most powerfully address them, and the developers of new methods may fail to use them to help us better understand the brain.
Integrating Wireless Sensor Network into Cloud services for real-time data collection

This paper presents an extensible and flexible architecture for integrating Wireless Sensor Networks with the Cloud. REST based Web services is used as an interoperable application layer that can be directly integrated into other application domains for remote monitoring such as e-health care services and smart environments. For proof of concept, we have set up a REST based Web services on an IP based low power WSN test bed, which enables data accessibility from anywhere. The alert feature has also been implemented to notify users via email or tweets for monitoring data when they exceed values and events of interest.
Induction of Classification from Lexicon Expansion: Assigning Domain Tags to WordNet Entries

We present in this paper a series of induced methods to assign domain tags to WordNet entries. Our prime objective is to enrich the contextual information in WordNet specific to each synset entry. By using the available lexical sources such as Far East Dictionary and the contextual information in WordNet itself, we can find a foundation upon which we can base our categorization. Next we further examine the similarity between common lexical taxonomy and the semantic hierarchy of WordNet. Based on this observation and the knowledge of other semantic relations we enlarge the coverage of our findings in a systematic way. Evaluation of the results shows that we achieved reasonable and satisfactory accuracy. We propose this as the first step of wordnet expansion into a bona fide semantic network linked to real-world knowledge.
Effects of shallow and deep endotracheal tube suctioning on cardiovascular indices in patients in intensive care units

Background: Clearing the endotracheal tube through suctioning should be done to promote oxygenation. Depth of suctioning is one of the variables in this regard. In shallow suctioning method, the catheter passes to the tip of the endotracheal tube, and in deep suctioning method, it passes beyond the tip into the trachea or brunches. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of shallow and deep suctioning methods on cardiovascular indices in patients hospitalized in the intensive care units (ICUs). Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 74 patients were selected among those who had undergone mechanical ventilation in the ICU of Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran using convenience sampling method. The subjects were randomly allocated to shallow and deep suctioning groups. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured immediately before and 1, 2, and 3 min after each suctioning. Number of times of suctioning was also noted in both the groups. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square and independent t-tests. Results: HR and BP were significantly increased after suctioning in both the groups (P < 0.05). But these changes were not significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). The suctioning count was significantly higher in the shallow suctioning group than in the deep suctioning group. Conclusions: Shallow and deep suctioning were similar in their effects on HR and BP, but shallow suctioning caused further manipulation of patient's trachea than deep suctioning method. Therefore, in order to prevent complications, nurses are recommended to perform the endotracheal tube suctioning by the deep method.
An IR-Based Approach Utilizing Query Expansion for Plagiarism Detection in MEDLINE

The identification of duplicated and plagiarized passages of text has become an increasingly active area of research. In this paper, we investigate methods for plagiarism detection that aim to identify potential sources of plagiarism from MEDLINE, particularly when the original text has been modified through the replacement of words or phrases. A scalable approach based on Information Retrieval is used to perform candidate document selection—the identification of a subset of potential source documents given a suspicious text—from MEDLINE. Query expansion is performed using the ULMS Metathesaurus to deal with situations in which original documents are obfuscated. Various approaches to Word Sense Disambiguation are investigated to deal with cases where there are multiple Concept Unique Identifiers (CUIs) for a given term. Results using the proposed IR-based approach outperform a state-of-the-art baseline based on Kullback-Leibler Distance.
Multiscale observation of biological interactions of nanocarriers: From nano to macro

Microscopic observations have played a key role in recent advancements in nanotechnology‐based biomedical sciences. In particular, multiscale observation is necessary to fully understand the nano‐bio interfaces where a large amount of unprecedented phenomena have been reported. This review describes how to address the physicochemical and biological interactions of nanocarriers within the biological environments using microscopic tools. The imaging techniques are categorized based on the size scale of detection. For observation of the nanoscale biological interactions of nanocarriers, we discuss atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For the micro to macro‐scale (in vitro and in vivo) observation, we focus on confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) as well as in vivo imaging systems such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), superconducting quantum interference devices, and IVIS®. Additionally, recently developed combined techniques such as AFM‐CLSM, correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM), and SEM spectroscopy are also discussed. In this review, we describe how each technique helps elucidate certain physicochemical and biological activities of nanocarriers such as dendrimers, polymers, liposomes, and polymeric/inorganic nanoparticles, thus providing a toolbox for bioengineers, pharmaceutical scientists, biologists, and research clinicians. Microsc. Res. Tech. 73:813–823, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
21st Nantes Actualités Transplantation: “When Stem Cells Meet Immunology”

Abstract “When Stem Cells Meet Immunology” has been the topic of the 21st annual “Nantes Actualités en Transplantation” meeting (June 9-10, 2016, Nantes, France). This meeting brought together pioneers and leading experts in the fields of stem cells, biomaterials and immunoregulation. Presentations covered multipotent (mesenchymal and hematopoietic) and pluripotent stem cells (embryonic and induced) for regenerative medicine of incurable diseases, immunotherapy and blood transfusions. An additional focus had been immune rejections and responses of allogeneic or autologous stem cells. Conversely, stem cells are also able to directly modulate the immune response through the production of immunoregulatory molecules. Moreover, stem cells may also provide an unlimited source of immune cells (DCs, NK cells, B cells, and T cells) that can operate as “super” immune cells, for example, through genetic engineering with chimeric antigen receptors. This meeting report puts presentations into an overall context highlighting new potential biomarkers for potency prediction of mesenchymal stem cell–derived and pluripotent stem cell–derived multicellular organoids. Finally, we propose future directions arising from the flourishing encounter of stem cell and immune biology.
A novel dead-time compensation scheme for PWM VSI drives

A novel dead time compensation scheme for Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) drives is presented. Dead-time is essential to prevent short circuit of DC link in PWM inverters. This causes dead-time effect which results in output waveform distortions and undesired characteristics. This paper deals with a new dead-time compensation scheme where a different approach is used in inserting dead-time into PWM inverters such that it does not cause any effect due to the introduced dead-time. In this approach, dead-time is applied only for either one of the switches depending on the output current polarity, ensuring no DC link shortage. This technique ensures an accurate output voltage magnitude with no phase delays. Simulation and experimental results of the proposed method are presented to validate the effectiveness.
Binding of an N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein to Golgi membranes requires both a soluble protein(s) and an integral membrane receptor

An N-ethylmaleimide (NEM)-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) has recently been purified on the basis of its ability to restore transport to NEM- inactivated Golgi membranes in a cell-free transport system. NSF is a peripheral membrane protein required for the fusion of transport vesicles. We now report the existence of two novel components that together bind NSF to Golgi membranes in a saturable manner. These components were detected by examining the requirements for reassociation of purified NSF with Golgi membranes in vitro. One component is an integral membrane receptor that is heat sensitive, but resistant to Na2CO3 extraction and to all proteases tested. The second component is a cytosolic factor that is sensitive to both proteases and heat. This soluble NSF attachment protein (SNAP) is largely resistant to NEM and is further distinguished from NSF by chromatography. SNAP appears to act stoichiometrically in promoting a high-affinity interaction between NSF and the membrane receptor. Because NSF promotes vesicle fusion, it seems likely that these two new factors that allow NSF to bind to the membrane are also part of the fusion machinery.
Joining method of mobile nodes using hysteresis features in personal area networks

This paper discusses a joining method of the mobile nodes in PANs. The mobile nodes repeat frequently a joining association at the boundary points. A joining method using hysteresis features in PANs is proposed for solving the problem. For performance analysis, the joining period of the mobile nodes in PANs is investigated and analyzed using the proposed method.
Humour reactions in crisis: a proximal analysis of Chinese posts on sina weibo in reaction to the salt panic of march 2011

This paper presents an analysis of humour use in Sina Weibo in reaction to the Chinese salt panic, which occurred as a result of the Fukushima disaster in March 2011. Basing the investigation on the humour Proximal Distancing Theory (PDT), and utilising a dataset from Sina Weibo in 2011, an examination of humour reactions is performed to identify the proximal spread of humourous Weibo posts in relation to the consequent salt panic in China. As a result of this method, we present a novel methodology for understanding humour reactions in social media, and provide recommendations on how such a method could be applied to a variety of other social media, crises, cultural and spatial settings.
Spread spectrum technology: a solution to the personal communications services frequency allocation dilemma

The spectrum allocation problems posed by the establishment of personal communications services (PCS) are discussed, and some conclusions are drawn from the recent experience of licensing personal communications networks (PCNs) in the UK. A proposal for spectrum sharing is presented, focusing on the criteria to be met and the use of code-division multiaccess technology for its implementation. <<ETX>>
Discovering co-located queries in geographic search logs

A geographic search request contains a query consisting of one or more keywords, and a search-location that the user searches for. In this paper, we study the problem of discovering co-located queries, which are geographic search requests for nearby search-locations. One example co-located query pattern is {"shopping mall", "parking"}. This pattern indicates that people often search "shopping mall" and "parking" over locations close to one another. Co-located queries have many applications, such as query suggestion, location recommendation, and local advertisement. We formally define co-located query patterns and propose two approaches to mining the patterns. Our basic approach is based on an existing spatial mining algorithm. To find more specific co-located queries that only appear in specific regions, we propose a lattice based approach. It divides the geographic space into regions and mines patterns in each region. We also define a locality measure to categorize patterns into local and global. Experimental results show that the lattice based approach outperforms the basic approach in the number of patterns, the quality of patterns, and the proportion of local patterns.
STOCHASTIC FLUCTUATION ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC YIELD OF MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL FLUID USING CHAINS-FRACTURE MODEL

Magneto-rheological fluid, due to its perfect controllability behaviors adaptive to operation conditions, serves as a promising materials building a family of intelligent control devices usually applied in performance control and risk reduction of engineering structures. While the complex dynamics of the fluid result in essential challenges on the accurate operation of control devices, of which the quantification of randomness inherent in this suspension system is a critical issue. In the present paper, a meso-scale model for dynamic yield analysis of magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) is developed. This model originates from the fracture mechanism of chains involved in the suspension system and accounts the fact that the particle chains go through the rotation, translation and fracture under steady magnetic fields and homogenous shear fields. The benefit of the chains-fracture model is that its critical parameter just hinges upon the rotation angle. The structured behavior of particle chains of magnetorheological fluids under magnetic and shear fields is simulated using a perspective software for large-scale atomic/molecular massively parallel simulation (LAMMPS). The applicability of the developed meso-scale model in the analysis of stochastic fluctuation of dynamic yield of MRFs is investigated based on the data of molecular dynamics simulation.
Interdependence of macrophage migration and ventral nerve cord development in Drosophila embryos

During embryonic development, Drosophila macrophages (haemocytes) undergo a series of stereotypical migrations to disperse throughout the embryo. One major migratory route is along the ventral nerve cord (VNC), where haemocytes are required for the correct development of this tissue. We show, for the first time, that a reciprocal relationship exists between haemocytes and the VNC and that defects in nerve cord development prevent haemocyte migration along this structure. Using live imaging, we demonstrate that the axonal guidance cue Slit and its receptor Robo are both required for haemocyte migration, but signalling is not autonomously required in haemocytes. We show that the failure of haemocyte migration along the VNC in slit mutants is not due to a lack of chemotactic signals within this structure, but rather to a failure in its detachment from the overlying epithelium, creating a physical barrier to haemocyte migration. This block of haemocyte migration in turn disrupts the formation of the dorsoventral channels within the VNC, further highlighting the importance of haemocyte migration for correct neural development. This study illustrates the important role played by the three-dimensional environment in directing cell migration in vivo and reveals an intriguing interplay between the developing nervous system and the blood cells within the fly, demonstrating that their development is both closely coupled and interdependent.
Worm Propagation Dynamics in Wireless Sensor Networks

Worms have become an emergent threat towards information confidentiality, integrity, and service availability. While playing an important role for people to interact with surrounding environments, wireless sensor networks suffer from growing security concerns posed by worms because of sensor networks' low physical security, lack of resilience and robustness of underlying operating systems, and the ever increased complexity of deployed applications. In this paper, we study worm propagation in 802.15. 4 based wireless sensor networks. First we present a baseline worm model in the context of wireless sensor networks. Then we describe a preliminary study of the impact of various protocol parameters and network scenarios on worm propagation dynamics. Our simulation study can provide insight into deriving a suitable model to characterize worm propagation in sensor networks.
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist limits DU-145 prostate cancer growth by attenuating epidermal growth factor receptor signaling.

PURPOSE Advanced prostate cancer is treated initially by central suppression of androgen production by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists. Intriguingly, even hormone-independent cancers often show some, if only slight, growth retardation when these agonists are delivered in pharmacological doses. Previous studies have shown in cell lines and animal xenograft models that activation of peripheral LHRH receptors on prostate carcinoma cells lead to growth suppression. In parallel, there is a decrease of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) and activity. Because autocrine EGFR stimulation exists in most, if not all, prostate carcinomas and is required for cell proliferation, we asked whether LHRH signaling cross-attenuated EGFR to limit tumor growth. One possible mechanism was suggested by LHRH receptors triggering phospholipase-C (PLC) to activate protein kinase C (PKC) because PKC activation limits EGFR tyrosine kinase activity by phosphorylating EGFR at threonine 654. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To determine the role of this cross-attenuation mechanism, we mutated the threonine 654 amino acid to an alanine (A654) to abrogate this inhibition. DU-145 cells stably expressing wild-type and A654 EGFR were grown as xenografts in the s.c. space of athymic mice. RESULTS DU-145 cells, overexpressing wild-type EGFR, formed tumors in athymic mice that were inhibitable by goserelin acetate (Zoladex). Tumors expressing the A654 EGFR were resistant to this growth inhibition. These results paralleled in vitro studies in which goserelin acetate blocked proliferation of the WT DU-145 but not A654 DU-145 cells. CONCLUSIONS These data support the model of LHRH agonists preventing EGFR-mediated tumor growth through a PKC pathway. This suggests new targets of modulatory intervention to limit the growth of androgen-independent prostate carcinomas.
Objective measurement of isoniazid levels: practical approach for monitoring tuberculosis drug treatment adherence

Drug treatment adherence is one of the biggest issues in tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Including DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course) program, many programs for TB cases have yielded marginal success and the new drug resistance varieties of TB persist. During the 1960s, researchers have projected naphthoquinone–mercuric chloride (N-M) test as the single most way to objectively track the presence of isoniazid (INH) in urine and hence treatment adherence. INH is metabolised by cytochrome P450s and usually cleared from body within 8 h. Hence, the typical INH levels in biological fluids are within 1–5 μg/ml. The N-M test practically works at 10–50 μg/ml and the authors developed the sodium polyacrylate (SPA) as a solid surface to improve detection limit of INH by 6–10 fold. The modification involves absorbing the reagents of N-M test on the SPA surface and lyophilised material is directly used for diagnosis. The dry beads can detect 1–2 μg/ml of INH in saliva. The test performed with spiked as well as clinical samples and the results have good correlation. This new test has a realistic chance of tracking the TB treatment adherence remotely and in that direction a system was projected for implementation.