Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and treatment of post-stroke depression

Mood depression is a common and serious complication after stroke. According to epidemiological studies, nearly 30% of stroke patients develop depression, either in the early or in the late stages after stroke. Although depression may affect functional recovery and quality of life after stroke, such condition is often ignored. In fact, only a minority of patients is diagnosed and even fewer are treated in the common clinical practice. Moreover, the real benefits of antidepressant (AD) therapy in post-stroke depression have not been fully clarified. In fact, controlled studies on the effectiveness of ADs in post stroke depression (PSD) are relatively few. Today, data available suggest that ADs may be generally effective in improving mood, but guidelines for the optimal treatment and its length are still lacking.
The Study and Analysis of Effect of Multi-Antenna Techniques on LTE network with Different Bandwidth Configurations in the Downlink

-------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT -------------------------------------------------------------- Long Term Evolution (LTE) system adapts advanced Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna techniques on both uplink and downlink to achieve high peak data rates and higher system throughput. This enables LTE to support multimedia applications beyond web browsing and voice, which demands higher bandwidth configurations. LTE employs Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) in downlink to support spectrum flexibility in order to use upto 20MHz system bandwidth to improve the system throughput and robustness. Therefore the combined study of multi-antenna techniques and spectrum flexibility usage on the performance of LTE system becomes vital. Hence in this paper, an attempt has been made to evaluate the performance of different multi-antenna techniques with various system bandwidth configurations from 1.4MHz to 20MHz using QualNet 5.2 network simulator. The multi-antenna techniques considered for performance evaluation are Single Input Single Output (SISO), Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO). The performance metrics such as aggregate bytes received, average throughput, average delay and average jitter are considered for simulation study.
A Prism‐Free Method for Silhouette Rendering in Inverse Displacement Mapping

Silhouette is a key feature that distinguishes displacement mapping from normal mapping. However the silhouette rendering in the GPU implementation of displacement mapping (which is often called inversed displacement mapping) is tricky. Previous approaches rely mostly on construction of additional extruding prism‐like geometry, which slows down the rendering significantly. In this paper, we proposed a method for solving the silhouette rendering problem in inverse displace mapping without using any extruding prism‐like geometry. At each step of intersection finding, we continuously bends the viewing ray according to the current local tangent space associated with the surface. Thus, it allows mapping a displacement map onto an arbitrary curved surface with more accurate silhouette. While our method is simple, it offers surprisingly good results over Curved Relief Map (CRM) [ OP05 ] in many difficult or degenerated cases.
Trends in the Use of Nephron-Sparing Surgery over 7 Years: An Analysis Using the R.E.N.A.L. Nephrometry Scoring System

Objective To analyze trends in the use of partial nephrectomy, we evaluated which individual factors of renal nephrometry score (RNS) influenced the operative approach bi-annually from 2008 to 2014. Materials and Methods We performed a retrospective review of renal cell carcinoma treated by surgery in 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014. The complexity of renal masses was measured using the R.E. N.A. L. nephrometry scoring system with CT or MRI. Group comparison in terms of operation year and surgical type (partial nephrectomy versus radical nephrectomy) was performed. We developed a nomogram to quantitate the likelihood of selecting partial nephrectomy over radical nephrectomy. Results A total of 1106 cases (237 in 2008, 225 in 2010, 292 in 2012, and 352 in 2014) were available for the study. Over the study period, the proportion of partial nephrectomies performed increased steadily from 21.5% in 2008 to 66.5% in 2014 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, use of partial nephrectomy increased steadily in all RNS complexity groups (low, moderate, and high) (p < 0.05). In the analysis of individual components of RNS, values of the R and N components increased statistically by year in the partial nephrectomy group (p < 0.05). Average AUC was 0.920. Conclusions The proportion of partial nephrectomies performed sharply increased over the study period. Additionally, over the study period, more partial nephrectomies were performed for renal masses of larger size and closer to the collecting system and main renal vessels. A nomogram developed based on this recent data set provides significant predictive value for surgical decision making.
Dynamic evidence models in a DBN phone recognizer

This paper describes an implementation of a discriminative acoustical model – a Conditional Random Field (CRF) – within a Dynamic Bayes Net (DBN) formulation of a Hierarchic Hidden Markov Model (HHMM) phone recognizer. This CRF-DBN topology accounts for phone transition dynamics in conditional probability distributions over random variables associated with observed evidence, and therefore has less need for hidden variable states corresponding to transitions between phones, leaving more hypothesis space available for modeling higher-level linguistic phenomena such syntax and semantics. The model also has the interesting property that it explicitly represents likely formant trajectories and formant targets of modeled phones in its random variable distributions, making it more linguistically transparent than models based on traditional HMMs with conditionally independent evidence variables. Results on the standard TIMIT phone recognition task show this CRF evidence model, even with a relatively simple first-order feature set, is competitive with standard HMMs and DBN variants using static Gaussian mixture models on MFCC features.
A Review of the Use of Process Analytical Technology for the Understanding and Optimization of Production Batch Crystallization Processes

Crystallization at production scale is typically a poorly understood unit operation, with little implementation of the first principles aspect of crystallization in its design, optimization, and control. Problems with production crystallizers include the following: (1) inconsistencies of batch-to-batch in terms of the size and number of crystals produced and (2) the purity profile (residual impurities in crystals, or wrong polymorph or chiral purity). This can have a significant impact both on product quality and downstream process unit operations including filtration, drying, milling, and product formulation. This contribution reviews typical problems encountered in production crystallization, with case studies, advice, and strategies to understand and avoid these problems through the use of in situ crystallization characterization tools.
Tomato leaves diseases detection approach based on Support Vector Machines

The study described in this paper consists of a method that applies gabor wavelet transform technique to extract relevant features related to image of tomato leaf in conjunction with using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with alternate kernel functions in order to detect and identify type of disease that infects tomato plant. Initially, we collected real samples of diseased tomato leaves, next we isolated each leaf in single image, wavelet based feature technique has been employed to identify an optimal feature subset. Finally, a support vector machine classier with different kernel functions including Cauchy kernel, Invmult Kernel and Laplacian Kernel was employed to evaluate the ability of this approach to detect and identify where tomato leaf infected with Powdery mildew or early blight. To evaluate the performance of presented approach, we present tests on dataset consisted of 100 images for each type of tomato diseases. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides excellent annotation with accuracy 99.5 %. Efficient result obtained from the proposed approach can lead to tighter connection between agriculture specialists and computer system, yielding more effective and reliable results.
Sparse Music Decomposition onto a MIDI Dictionary Driven by Statistical Music Knowledge

The general goal of music signal decomposition is to represent the music structure into a note level to provide val- uable semantic features for further music analysis tasks. In this paper, we propose a new method to sparsely decompose the music signal onto a MIDI dictionary made of musical notes. Statistical music knowledge is further integrated into the whole sparse decomposition process. The proposed method is divided into a frame level sparse decomposition stage and a whole music level optimal note path searching. In the first stage note co-occurrence probabilities are embedded to generate a sparse multiple candidate graph while in the second stage note transition probabilities are incorporated into the optimal path searching. Experiments on real-world polyphonic music show that embedding music knowledge within the sparse decomposition achieves notable improvement in terms of note recognition precision and recall.
Mitochondrial Disorders Therapy: The Utility of Melatonin

Mitochondria play a central role in the cell physiology. It is now recognized that, besides their classic function of energy metabolism, mitochondria are enrolled in multiple cell functions including energy distribution through the cell, energy/heat modulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis control. Recently, evidence is accumulating for a direct participation of mitochondria in stem cell proliferation and/or differentiation. All these functions suggest that mutations in either nuclear or mitochondrial DNA may induce serious cell impairments, and there is now evidence of more than 200 mtDNA mutations responsible for human pathologies. Moreover, mitochondria are, simultaneously, the main producer and target of ROS and, thus, multiple mitochondrial diseases are related to ROS- induced mitochondrial injuries. Among these, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, and aging itself, are caused or accompanied by ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions. With regard to its action spectrum as an antioxidant, melatonin may be regarded as a first- choice agent for preventing and/or reducing the excess of ROS, thereby maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Multiple in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown the protective role of melatonin on mitochondrial physiology, yielding a significant improvement in those diseases in which energy supply to the cell had been compromised. New lines of evidence suggest the participation of mitochondria in stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and preliminary data support the role of melatonin in these processes. This review accounts for the multiple functions of mitochondria and the mechanisms involved in the numerous beneficial effects of melatonin to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis.
Can a manager dope? Match analysis in the digital age

In his influential book on the evolution of sport, historian Allen Guttmann highlights quantification as a key characteristic of the modern era. Though football has long been believed to be too fluid for statistical analysis, the recent proliferation of performance metrics has challenged traditional ways of understanding the game. This has been spurred in large part by the design of ‘smart’ technologies that offer insights into a side’s positional tendencies or physical capacities. Hence, an endeavour that typically rested on the intellect of a manager has now shifted, in some sense, to the computer. This paper connects match analysis systems to the scholarly discourse on performance enhancement and two prominent issue areas related to doping: the ethos of sport and harm.
The effects of educational expansion on the functioning of the labour market: report of a comparative study

Societies are increasingly complex. Change is accelerating and its effects are unknown. Managing uncertainty is a major challenge, to the extent that in economics it is becoming difficult to assess need in terms of human capital requirements. This contrasts with the certainty that there is an increasing need for skills in the knowledge society and informational capitalism (Descy & Tessaring, 2002). Scientific and political thinkers alike agree on the necessity to develop, quantitatively and qualitatively, individual and collective skills to face the changing economy. Castells (1997, p. 58) claims that ‘for the first time in history, the human mind has become a direct productive asset, rather than just a decisive production factor; its significance and productive value is also changed by its cultivation, through training in the broadest sense’. Uncertainty as to the nature and distribution of skills is exacerbated as mechanisms of adjustment between the supply and demand for labour also become increasingly complex. New models of analysis of these processes should be developed, centred on skills and supported by historical analyses of skill-production mechanisms (Delavalée, 1998; Planas et al., 2001). This paper attempts such analysis drawing on a comparative study of five European countries: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. Educational expansion and economic development are closely linked historical processes in all five countries. Each is characterized by a rise in the level of general education, by a labour force with increasing levels of qualifications, and by economic and technological changes necessitating the formation of new skills (Planas et al.,
The stability of the THC as diagnosed from model projections for present , past and future climates

The stability of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation (THC) is investigated for various climate scenario run s, using data from the CMIP3 archive of coupled atmosphereocean models. Apart from atmospheric feedbacks, the sign of the (salt) freshwater flux into the Atlantic basin that is carried by the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) determines whether the THC is in the single or multiple equilibria regime. This salt advection feedback is analyze d by diagnosing the freshwater and salt budgets for the combined Atlantic and Arctic basins. Consistent with the findin g that almost all coupled climate models (CCMs) recover from hosing experiments, it is found that most models feature a negative salt advection feedback in their pre-industrial c l mate: freshwater perturbations are damped by this feedback , excluding the existence of a stable off-state for the THC. Al l models feature enhanced evaporation over the Atlantic basi n in future climates, but at the same time there is a decrease of the fresh water flux carried by the MOC into the Atlantic; the salt advection feedback becomes less negative, and for three models from an ensemble of eight it becomes positive in future climates. It is shown that this decrease in northward fresh water transport at 34 S is due to a reduction of the inflow of intermediate waters relative to thermocline wa ters, associated with a robust shoaling of the MOC in future, warmer climates.
Radio emission as a test of the existence of intermediate‐mass black holes in globular clusters and dwarf spheroidal galaxies

We take the established relation between black hole mass, X-ray luminosity and radio luminosity and show that intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs), such as those predicted to exist at the centres of globular clusters (GCs), will be easily identifiable objects in deep radio observations. We show that the radio observations will be far more sensitive than any possible X-ray observations. We also discuss the likely optical photometric and spectroscopic appearance of such systems in the event that radio detections are made.
The Hydrologic Cycle and its Role in Arcticand Global Environmental Change:A Rationale and Strategy for Synthesis Study

Charles Vörösmarty (University of New Hampshire) Larry Hinzman (University of Alaska Fairbanks) Bruce Peterson (Marine Biological Laboratory) David Bromwich (Ohio State University) Lawrence Hamilton (University of New Hampshire) James Morison (University of Washington) Vladimir Romanovsky (University of Alaska Fairbanks) Matthew Sturm (CRREL, Fort Wainwright, Alaska) Robert Webb (NOAA, Boulder, Colorado)
Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Youths: A Population-Based Study on Junior and High Schools Students in Rural and Urban Areas

Aim. The present population-based study aimed to assess prevalence of metabolic syndrome and itsrelated components in Iranian youth in the different sex, age, and residential subgroups. Method. Overall, 1039 junior high school and 953 high school students were selected using multistage random sampling. Fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were determined. Trained individuals measured waist circumference and blood pressure. Subjects with MetS were selected according to two definitions provided by the IDF and de Ferranti. Results. Among girls in intervention area, hypertriglyceridemia was more prevalent in rural than in urban areas using IDF definition. Significant differences were observed between boys in rural and urban areas regarding some components of metabolic syndrome including hypertriglyceridemia and high waist circumference. Besides, boys who are residents in urban areas had higher blood pressure, as well as higher waist circumference, than boys in rural areas. Conclusion. Our youth population is at significant risk of developing metabolic syndrome, and the pattern of this phenomenon seems to be discrepant in boys as well as in rural and urban areas probably due to the different lifestyle aspects, genetic factors, and racial differences.
Iterative waterfilling algorithm with sub-channel selection for the coexistence of multiple cognitive tactical radio networks

In 2002, the work of Yu et al. has shown that the distributed power control problem in a frequency select ive interference channel can be modeled as a non-cooperative ga me and can be solved efficiently by the iterative waterfilling al gorithm (IWFA). The convergence of the algorithm has been initially established for two users and later extended to any number of users in a digital subscriber line (DSL) scenario.In a wireless scenario, multiple Nash equilibrium solutions e xist and no theoretical proof of convergence can be obtained. In this paper, we study the convergence behavior of the IWFA in parallel Gaussian quasi-static Rayleigh interference cha nnels for the coexistence of multiple cognitive tactical radio netwo rks. We investigate the addition of expert rules to the networks, more specifically the opportunity to select a subset of contiguou s subchannels. In this case, the networks can allocate power only over a subset of the available sub-channels, thereby limiti ng the maximum number of sub-channels needed for transmission . Moreover, the networks can only choose a group of contiguous sub-channels. A first advantage is to lower the complexity of the IWFA by allocating power only over a subset of the available sub-channels. A second advantage is to lower the complexity of the physical layer in the case of a multi-carrier waveform wi th non-overlapping sub-channels. A third advantage is to givethe networks more facility to avoid each other for high target rates and to improve the convergence of the IWFA in wireless channe ls. Without loss of generality, the sub-channel selection can a lso be applied to various variants of the IWFA.
Neurogenesis in the Dentate Gyrus of the Adult Tree Shrew Is Regulated by Psychosocial Stress and NMDA Receptor Activation

These studies were designed to determine whether adult neurogenesis occurs in the dentate gyrus of the tree shrew, an animal phylogenetically between insectivores and primates, and to explore the possibility that this process is regulated by stressful experiences and NMDA receptor activation. We performed immunohistochemistry for cell-specific markers and the thymidine analog bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), a marker of DNA synthesis that labels proliferating cells and their progeny, on the brains of adult tree shrews subjected to psychosocial stress or NMDA receptor antagonist treatment. Cells that incorporated BrdU in the dentate gyrus of adult tree shrews were primarily located in the subgranular zone, had morphological characteristics of granule neuron precursors, and appeared to divide within 24 hr after BrdU injection. Three weeks after BrdU injection, BrdU-labeled cells had neuronal morphology, expressed the neuronal marker neuron specific enolase, and were incorporated into the granule cell layer. Vimentin-immunoreactive radial glia were observed in the dentate gyrus with cell bodies in the subgranular zone and processes extending into the granule cell layer. Exposure to acute psychosocial stress resulted in a rapid decrease in the number of BrdU-labeled cells in the dentate gyrus. In contrast, blockade of NMDA receptors, with the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801, resulted in an increase in the number of BrdU-labeled cells in the dentate gyrus. These results indicate that adult neurogenesis occurs in the tree shrew dentate gyrus and is regulated by a stressful experience and NMDA receptor activation. Furthermore, we suggest that these characteristics may be common to most mammalian species.
Comparison of three phase rectifier topologies in small wind turbines

Small wind turbines are used for local energy production or in island networks. They are usually installed at places, where the wind speed is relatively low and considerable fluctuation occurs, resulting in a challenge to offer a high energy production especially at low and gusty wind speeds. For these conditions an optimal drive train has to be selected. In this paper the focus is on typical rectifier topologies applied to small wind turbines as a part of the drive train. Therefore, five rectifier topologies are analyzed and compared concerning relevant comparison factors: DC link voltage and current, the losses (efficiency) based on a virtual power semiconductor, the costs, the volume, the performance of the machine side currents and power vs. generator speed characteristics. The aim is to show with a help of a ranking method, which topology is the best due to the decided criteria.
A GISMOO algorithm for a multi-objective permutation flowshop with sequence-dependent setup times

This paper presents a GISMOO algorithm adaptation to solve a multi-objective permutation flowshop with sequence-dependent setup times. The makespan and the total tardiness are the two objectives studied. Numerical experiments on various benchmarks from the literature were performed, to compare the performance of the adapted GISMOO algorithm with the NSGA-II algorithm. The results indicate that our algorithm generates better solutions than the known reference algorithms.
Robust real-time egomotion from stereo images

In this paper, we present a novel technique for estimating large camera displacement using stereo images. The relative transformation between two stereo image pairs is estimated using a hybrid registration algorithm which combines the robustness of multiscale feature tracking for large movements and the accuracy of 3D normal flow constraints. Our hybrid technique takes advantage of depth information available from the stereo camera which makes it less sensitive to lighting variations. We tested the accuracy of our hybrid algorithm on real stereo sequences and showed that our technique handles displacements up to 150 cm and rotations up to 20 degrees between images. Our algorithm runs at 6 Hz on a Pentium 4 1.7GHz.