Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative tools to assess climatic impact on energy consumption. Case study: Bucharest town area

: Degree-days (DDs), generically representing the sum of temperature differences between the ambient or outdoor air-temperature and a reference (base) temperature (Tb), may be expressive and useful quantitative tools in assessing the impact of climatic factors on various domains of activity, especially in the context of ongoing climate change processes. Depending on the domain they are applied to, there are four basic types of DDs, out of which the heating (HDDs) and cooling (CDDs) degree-days are used on a large scale as they best reflect the energy needs either for heating or for air-cooling processes in any area. Their practical use mainly derives from how they are calculated; the wide differences between the current calculation techniques showing that hourly (outdoor) air-temperatures produce better estimates, especially if applied for distinct heating or cooling seasons, depending on the thermal response of buildings, but these values are often unavailable. Based on an essentialized review of the existing literature and practice regarding both the calculation methods of HDD and/or CDD values and the types of base temperatures being taken into consideration, this paper presents an experimental case-study carried out for Bucharest town area. It is based on hourly air-temperature values, which were recorded at the four daily measurements hours (01.00, 07.00, 13.00 and 19.00 EET), at the two weather stations located in Bucharest’s town area , namely at Bucharest-Filaret (BF – urban), and Bucharest-Baneasa (BB – extra-urban), during the 1981-2010 period. The resulting annual and monthly degree-days (DDs) below or above several specified base temperatures (0ºC, +10ºC, +17ºC, +19ºC, +21ºC and +23ºC) and the corresponding number of days with daily mean air-temperatures lower or higher than the previously-mentioned base temperatures show that energy demands are greater for indoor cooling in summer than for heating-up in winter, meaning that local authorities and main energy suppliers may thus better plan the seasonal needs for domestic use.
Work in Progress: Thwarting Timing Attacks in Microcontrollers using Fine-grained Hardware Protections

Timing side-channels are an identified threat for security critical software. Existing countermeasures have a cost either on the hardware requirements or execution time. We focus on low-cost microcontrollers that have a very low computational capacity. Although these processors do not feature out-of-order execution or speculation, they remain vulnerable to timing attacks exploiting the varying latencies of ALU operations or memory accesses.We propose to augment the RISC-V ISA with security primitives that have a guaranteed timing behavior. These primitives allow constant time ALU operations and memory accesses that do not alter the state of the cache. Our approach has a low overhead in terms of hardware cost, binary code size, and execution time both for the constant time secure program and other programs running concurrently on the same hardware.
Advantages of GSMaP Data for Multi‐Timescale Precipitation Estimation in Luzon

The Global Precipitation Measurement Mission (GPM) provides two different sources of post‐real‐time satellite‐based rainfall estimates, including the Integrated Multi‐satellitE Retrievals for GPM Final Run (herein IMERG‐F) and Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation‐Gauge (herein GSMaP‐G). However, relative to IMERG‐F, GSMaP‐G has been less thoroughly evaluated in the context of studying rainfall variations over Luzon, Philippines. Using rain‐gauge observations over Luzon as a reference base, this study aimed to clarify if GSMaP‐G v07 is more capable than IMERG‐F v06 in regard to representing rainfall variations over Luzon at multiple timescales (including intraseasonal, annual, and interannual). The results revealed that both IMERG‐F and GSMaP‐G performed better in regard to depicting the temporal phase evolution for the wet season rainfall than they did for the dry season rainfall for Luzon. However, relative to IMERG‐F, GSMaP‐G exhibited better performance in most examined features, including (a) the detection of temporal variations (both phase and amplitude) of rainfall on the intraseasonal, annual, and interannual timescales; (b) the representation of spatial differences with more rainfall occurring from April to September for western Luzon and from October to March for eastern Luzon; (c) the detection of occurrence of rainfall events at various intensities. The analysis also demonstrates that the difference between the performance of IMERG‐F and GSMaP‐G in regard to quantitative rainfall estimation is larger during the wet season than it is during the dry season. The possible cause for their performance differences over Luzon is the differences in the gauge‐adjustment method and the biases in its pre‐non‐gauge‐adjusted product.
Joint Bayesian Modeling of Velocity Break Points, Noise Characteristics, and Their Uncertainties in GNSS Time Series: Far‐Field Velocity Anomalies Concurrent With Magmatic Activity in Iceland

Estimating the timing of velocity changes (break points) in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) coordinate time series is required for understanding various Earth processes and how they may couple with each other. We jointly estimate break points, noise parameters and their uncertainties in GNSS time series using Bayesian interference. Synthetic data experiments demonstrate that time‐correlated noise can cause spurious estimates of break points for small velocity change and suggest the lower limits of velocity change for reliable estimates. A case study at the Krafla volcanic system shows increased rift‐perpendicular movementof 7.6–9.8 mm/yr, preceding by 23–77 days the 2014 Bárðarbunga rifting episode that occurred ∼120 km to the south (maximum likelihood estimates). These far‐field velocity anomalies occur in the same period as enhanced near‐field seismicity and deformation before the dike intrusion at Bárðarbunga, possibly indicating the coupling between the two volcanic systems through a deep partial melt zone.
Vacuum structure of the strong interaction with a Peccei-Quinn symmetry

In the context of the observed matter – anti-matter asymmetry in the universe it is important to explore all possible sources of CP -violation. In the strong interaction there is no CP -violation observed and the lack of an explanation for this is known as the strong CP -problem. The only known, reasonable solution to the strong CP -problem – that is not ruled out – is through the Peccei-Quinn mechanism. This mechanism forces explicit and spontaneous CP -violation in QCD to vanish, irrespective of the value of the θ-parameter, whenever the theory has a specific Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry. On the other hand, it is not excluded that this PQ mechanism still allows a CP -violating metastable vacuum state, which could cause CP -violation when the fields ‘hang’ temporarily in this false vacuum. By using a single-flavor low-energy effective model approximation, the vacuum structure of the strong interaction with a PQ symmetry is explored. It is shown that no metastable vacuum state appears for reasonable parameter choices. Nevertheless, it is argued on the basis of an explicit example in the literature that at high temperatures (near the chiral transition) a metastable state will appear, albeit a CP -conserving one. Such a state is nonetheless interesting, as it might yield extra experimental signatures of a PQ symmetry. This might open up another way to test whether nature has a PQ symmetry, besides the search for the axion.
Chemical Diagnostics of the Massive Star Cluster-forming Cloud G33.92+0.11. II. HDCS and DCN

The central region of the massive star-forming cloud G33.92+0.11 was investigated with the emission from the deuterated species HDCS and DCN observed at sub-arcsecond angular resolution (∼0.″7) using ALMA. HDCS shows a distributed emission throughout the region, and its large relative abundance in the most recent star-forming region suggests that there still exists a significant amount of cold gas associated with the hot core region. A high degree of HDCS fractionation (HDCS/H2CS > 0.1) was found in the north region between star-forming clumps where the cold dense pre-collapse gas may still exist. DCN appears to have a good correlation with the continuum emission. This species traces both cold and warm dense gas probably by typical cold deuterium fractionation reactions and also by the lukewarm fractionation reactions. Near the densest cores where massive stars have already formed and dust mantles are evaporating, the DCN/HDCS abundance ratio was found to be larger by a factor of a few than other positions. This may suggest that the DCN abundance has been increased through the lukewarm fractionation processes in the gas phase.
Dynamic analysis and fractional-order adaptive sliding mode control for a novel fractional-order ferroresonance system*

Ferroresonance is a complex nonlinear electrotechnical phenomenon, which can result in thermal and electrical stresses on the electric power system equipments due to the over voltages and over currents it generates. The prediction or determination of ferroresonance depends mainly on the accuracy of the model used. Fractional-order models are more accurate than the integer-order models. In this paper, a fractional-order ferroresonance model is proposed. The influence of the order on the dynamic behaviors of this fractional-order system under different parameters n and F is investigated. Compared with the integral-order ferroresonance system, small change of the order not only affects the dynamic behavior of the system, but also significantly affects the harmonic components of the system. Then the fractional-order ferroresonance system is implemented by nonlinear circuit emulator. Finally, a fractional-order adaptive sliding mode control (FASMC) method is used to eliminate the abnormal operation state of power system. Since the introduction of the fractional-order sliding mode surface and the adaptive factor, the robustness and disturbance rejection of the controlled system are enhanced. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FASMC controller works well for suppression of ferroresonance over voltage.
A Lightweight Malware Traffic Classification Method Based on a Broad Learning Architecture

Malware traffic classification (MTC) plays an important role for securing the Internet of Things (IoT). Many machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL)-based MTC methods have been proposed in recent years. However, the former still requires human intervention, while the latter incurs considerable computation overheads. To address these problems, we propose a broad learning (BL)-aided MTC method (BL-MTC), which is a lightweight and graphics processing unit-free solution with good performance and extremely low cost. The simulation results show that the proposed BL-MTC method not only achieves superior results on the USTC-TFC2016 data set but also exhibits an exponential advantage in computation overhead.
Brève communication. Régularisation d'inéquations variationnelles par approximations successives

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Evolution of turbulent mixing driven by implosion in spherical geometry

The interface instability and turbulent mixing of perturbed multi-modes Air/SF6 interface driven by implosion in spherical geometry are numerically investigated. The results show the complex evolving laws and physical mechanisms of turbulent mixing. After the incident imploding shock, the transmitted shock wave moves towards the centre and bounces off outward to produce the second impact, which is a combination of reshock and Taylor wave rather than a single one like in planar case, and forms the loading/unloading effects. The following rebound impacts repeat this assembled loading/unloading process. In the whole process, the turbulent mixing zone (TMZ) growth is closely related to the multiple loading/unloading features. The Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI), Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI), Rayleigh-Taylor stabilization (RTS) and Bell-Plesset (BP) effects coexist, and the competition mechanism results in the TMZ width growing in an oscillatory way. The statistics properties of TMZ are highly related to the multiple shocks process. The fluids mixing across TMZ is asymmetrical but behaves in a self-similar way. The evolution of TMZ has a high degree anisotropy, especially around the two edges of TMZ, the turbulent flow is also highly intermittent. When the turbulent mixing develops fully the energy spectra approach k -1 scaling law at the inertial subrange.
The Intel Programmable and Integrated Unified Memory Architecture Graph Analytics Processor

High-performance large-scale graph analytics are essential to timely analyze relationships in big datasets. Conventional processor architectures suffer from inefficient resource usage and bad scaling on those workloads. To enable efficient and scalable graph analysis, Intel developed the Programmable Integrated Unified Memory Architecture (PIUMA) as a part of the DARPA Hierarchical Identify Verify Exploit (HIVE) program. PIUMA consists of many multithreaded cores, fine-grained memory and network accesses, a globally shared address space, powerful offload engines, and a tightly integrated optical interconnection network. This article presents the PIUMA architecture and documents our experience in designing and building a prototype chip and its bring-up process. PIUMA silicon has successfully powered on demonstrating key aspects of the architecture, some of which will be incorporated into future Intel products.
Role of Transcription Factor BEND3 and Its Potential Effect on Cancer Progression

Simple Summary Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide and it is estimated that approximately one in six deaths globally are due to cancer. Understanding the causes of cancer is critical for prevention, early detection, treatment optimization, public health planning, and to make informed decisions to reduce the burden of cancer on individuals and society. Transcription factors via multiple pathways have been shown to exert significant influence over gene expression programs and cellular processes involved in cancer progression. Understanding the role of transcription factors during these processes can provide critical insights into the underlying molecular mechanism and help develop therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes the possible pathways via which the transcription factor BEND3 may serve as a driver for cancer development. Abstract BEND3 is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression in mammals. While there is limited research on the role of BEND3 as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene and its potential role in cancer therapy is still emerging, several studies suggest that it may be involved in both the processes. Its interaction and regulation with multiple other factors via p21 have already been reported to play a significant role in cancer development, which serves as an indication of its potential role in oncogenesis. Its interaction with chromatin modifiers such as NuRD and NoRC and its role in the recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) are some of the additional events indicative of its potential role in cancer development. Moreover, a few recent studies indicate BEND3 as a potential target for cancer therapy. Since the specific mechanisms by which BEND3 may contribute to cancer progression are not yet fully elucidated, in this review, we have discussed the possible pathways BEND3 may take to serve as an oncogenic driver or suppressor.
THE EFFECT OF PERSONALITY TO JOB PERFORMANCE: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

The ability of an employee to fulfill his tasks at work is determined by his personality. The effect and effectively assist might be increased or decreased depending on a person’s character. Because attitude acts as a shield for the growth of competence. Emotional stability and openness to experience, which have a direct impact on a people's reactions, are two of the big five personality traits that are used to assess a staff's personality. With the help of 32 publications that were published between 2012 and 2022, this review intends to give readers an overview of how personality, which includes elements such as emotional stability and openness to experience, affects worker performance.
Performance assessment of some selected vegetable oils as lubricants in turning of AISI 1045 steel using a Taguchi-based grey relational analysis approach

This study is focused on the performance evaluation of three cutting lubricants, which are neem, palm kernel and mineral oil in the turning of AISI 1045 with MQL. Optimization of machining parameters with multi-response signals using Taguchi-based grey relational analysis was done. For experimental design, tests were developed using Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array and the signal-to-noise ratio was obtained using the smaller-the-better approach to achieve the optimal combination. Performance indicators including surface roughness and cutting temperature were measured throughout the machining process. Neem oil performed best among the oils for surface roughness while mineral oil outperformed them all for cutting temperature, according to the experimental results. The optimum spindle speed, feed rate and depth of cut for neem, palm kernel and mineral oils are 870 rev/min, 0.25 mm/rev and 1.25 mm; 870 rev/min, 0.10 mm/rev and 0.75 mm; and 415 rev/min, 0.10 mm/rev and 1.00 mm, respectively.
Association Between Vitamin Deficiencies and Ophthalmological Conditions

Abstract Vitamin deficiencies can have adverse effects on health, including on the visual system. The ocular manifestations of a vitamin deficiency are related to the underlying biochemical function of the particular nutrient. While vitamin deficiencies are not common in developed counties, they are still prevalent in parts of the developing world and in specific, vulnerable populations. Vitamin deficiencies can cause or contribute to many ophthalmological conditions and eye diseases may even be the first presenting finding of a vitamin deficiency. As such, it is important for ophthalmologists to be aware of the ocular manifestations of vitamin deficiencies, especially given that the complications can be severe and effectively treated if identified early. This review summarizes the literature on the main vitamins known to have characteristic ocular manifestations: vitamins A, B1, B2, B9, B12, C, D, E and K. The function, epidemiology, manifestations, workup, and management of each vitamin is discussed in detail.
Cuproptosis and Immune-Related Gene Signature Predicts Immunotherapy Response and Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Cuproptosis and associated immune-related genes (IRG) have been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, their effects on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the impact of cuproptosis-associated IRGs on the immunotherapy response and prognosis of LUAD using a bioinformatical approach and in vitro experiments analyzing clinical samples. Using the cuproptosis-associated IRG signature, we classified LUAD into two subtypes, cluster 1 and cluster 2, and identified three key cuproptosis-associated IRGs, NRAS, TRAV38-2DV8, and SORT1. These three genes were employed to establish a risk model and nomogram, and to classify the LUAD cohort into low- and high-risk subgroups. Biofunctional annotation revealed that cluster 2, remarkably downregulating epigenetic, stemness, and proliferation pathways activity, had a higher overall survival (OS) and immunoinfiltration abundance compared to cluster 1. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) validated the differential expression of these three genes in both subgroups. scRNA-seq demonstrated elevated expression of NRAS and SORT1 in macrophages. Immunity and oncogenic and stromal activation pathways were dramatically enriched in the low-risk subgroup, and patients in this subgroup responded better to immunotherapy. Our data suggest that the cuproptosis-associated IRG signature can be used to effectively predict the immunotherapy response and prognosis in LUAD. Our work provides enlightenment for immunotherapy response assessment, prognosis prediction, and the development of potential prognostic biomarkers for LUAD patients.
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in Construction Project Team

The secret to a high-performance team is its capacity to formulate and agree on essential goals, objectives, and project plans while using the appropriate tools, techniques, and processes to carry out its work plan. One factor affecting team performance is each member's desire to work hard and be highly productive to achieve efficiency. This study uses a small-scale project in Denpasar City to investigate the relationship between team performance and motivation in building projects. The quantitative descriptive statistics study was carried out using partial least squares with SmartPLS 3.0. The analysis shows that extrinsic motivation, as opposed to self-actualization, communication, and other aspects, has a more substantial impact on increasing the motivation of the project team's workforce. Pay and fair compensation are necessary when handling projects for small contractors. Help increase employee motivation while enhancing team performance
Application of the preview compensation control method to large gap control in hybrid magnetic suspension

ABSTRACT Large-gap magnetic suspension is a conceptual design for experiments which can be used to investigate technical issues associated with magnetic suspension and accurate suspended-load control for large gaps. The traditional linear control strategy has significant limits to its control area, usually around the chosen operating points. With increase in the suspension gap, the nonlinearity and time delay of a system will become more serious. Additionally, the interaction of an estimation scheme and corresponding controller has not been fully examined in the literature. This paper examines a developed compound control method, Smith forecast compensation control with proportional-integral-derivative control (PID control) , as a means of advancing the achievable performance of magnetic suspension. We designed and built a laboratory testbed to determine the feasibility of utilizing proposed methods in these types of applications. The analytical results are supported by the simulations and experiments, showing our research approach to be fairly successful at providing satisfactory performance for motion control under conditions involving a large air gap.
Determining the background driving process of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model

In this work, we determine appropriate background driving processes for the 3-component superposed Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model by analyzing the fractal characteristics of the data sets using the rescaled range analysis (R/S), the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), and the diffusion entropy analysis (DEA). See also https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/special/02/m1/abstr.html