Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assignment of Disulphide Bridges in Par j 2.0101, a Major Allergen of Parietaria judaica Pollen

Abstract Par j 2.0101, a major allergen of the Parietaria judaica pollen, was expressed in E. coli, purified to homogeneity and fully characterised both at the structural and the functional level. The recombinant rPar j 2.0101 protein showed an allergenic activity in histamine release, skin prick tests and capacity to bind IgE, almost identical to that of the native allergens purified from aqueous pollen extract. The complete pattern of S-S bridges of rPar j 2.0101 was determined by enzymatic digestion with endoproteinase Lys-C followed by mass spectrometric analysis of the resulting peptide mixtures. The eight cysteines occurring in the allergenic protein were found to be paired into the following four disulphides: Cys35-Cys83, Cys45- Cys60, Cys61-Cys106 and Cys81-Cys121. This structural information probes Par j 2.0101 to attain a 3-D fold consistent with that of the nonspecific lipid transfer protein (ns-LTP) family and it represents an effective molecular basis to develop modified antigens by selective site-directed mutagenesis for immunotherapy.
Effect of Smoothing on Sparsity Prior CT Reconstruction

We systematically evaluate the performance of smoothing on several state-of-the-art sparsity prior CT reconstruction algorithms. State-of-the-art algorithms have been implemented and their performance analyzed with and without applying different smoothing filters. Aiming for successful reconstruction from less number of projections, sparsity prior reconstruction algorithms are found to be useful in CT, provided that the signal reconstruction is performed in a compressed domain (i.e. gradient or wavelet domain). The subject matter of this work is the investigation of the reconstruction performance variation with the application of a smoothing filter prior sparsifying transform. Experiments on simulated and real medical images show that the performance of the reconstruction algorithms vary, and smoothing before the sparsifying transform ensures better reconstruction.
Perceptions of Organizational Downsizing and Job Satisfaction Among Survivors in Nigerian Banks

The object ive of the study was to determine how survivors' perception of downsizing as financially effective, inevitable, and liberating for v ictims affect their job satisfaction. Data was collected fro m 150 survivors in 8 banks operating in Makurdi metropolis. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and regression were tools of data analysis. The study revealed that survivors' perception of downsizing as financially effective and inevitable negatively affect their job satisfaction. Though the relationship between survivors' perception of downsizing as liberating for victims and job satisfaction was positive, it was not statistically significant. The analysis of variance showed that there was no difference in survivors' perception of downsizing among the banks studied, while their level o f job satisfaction varied. On the whole, we conclude that downsizing negatively affects the job satisfaction of survivors.
Sociospatial Differentiation: Processes and Spaces in Subdistricts of Shanghai

Social space in urban China has been experiencing fundamental reorganization in line with economic reform. This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework concerning the processes of sociospatial differentiation as well as to shed light on major outcomes of differentiation. Specifically, we examine urban spatial structure through the spaces of subdistricts (jiedao). The processes of sociospatial differentiation include the revealing of historical legacies of inequalities that existed prior to the socialist city and the inequalities forged under socialism, fragmentation of the structure of housing provision, the market economy of urban development, globalization and economic restructuring, and rural-urban migration. At the subdistrict level, these processes are interacting and reinforcing each other and creating new social spaces in urban China. Through comparing the demographic composition of selected subdistricts, spatial inequalities among these districts are revealed. The differentiation of social spaces includes but is not limited to several dimensions: the level of educational attainment, occupational and working status (manufacturing vs. the tertiary sector, working active vs. the retired), and the status of household registration (concentration of rural migrant population).
Reframing the universal right to education

The universal right to education has been enshrined in a range of international rights instruments. Yet despite the considerable secondary literature on the subject, there has been little discussion of the notion of education underpinning the right. This article presents a theoretical exploration of the question, leading to a normative reassessment. The article first assesses the expression of the right in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, identifying limitations in its focus on primary schooling. Other candidates for a basis for the right – namely learning outcomes and engagement in educational processes – are then assessed, and the latter is found to provide the most coherent foundation. Nevertheless, the positional benefits of formal schooling cannot be ignored. Consequently, a two‐pronged expression of the right is proposed, involving access both to meaningful learning and to institutions that confer positional advantage.
Navigating student ratings of instruction.

Many colleges and universities have adopted the use of student ratings of instruction as one (often the most influential) measure of instructional effectiveness. In this article, the authors present evidence that although effective instruction may be multidimensional, ratings of instruction measure general instructional skill, which is a composite of three subskills: delivering instruction, facilitating interactions, and evaluating student learning. The authors subsequently report the results of a metaanalysis of the multisection validity studies that indicate that student ratings are moderately valid; however, administrative, instructor, and course characteristics influence student ratings of instruction.
Using the Plural Form in the Management of Restaurant Chains

The paper profited greatly from the careful reading and helpful comments given by Nitin Nohria, Herminia Ibarra, Steve Barley, and the three ASO reviewers. The author is grateful to Robert Eccles, Paul Lawrence, Peter Marsden, and Pat Kaufmann for their early help in framing the issues, to the companies that served as research sites, and to the Division of Research at Harvard Business School for its financial support. This article uses data from a field study of five large U.S. restaurant chains to model how chains use a plural form-simultaneous use of company and franchise units-to maintain uniformity and achieve systemwide adaptation to changing markets. From interview and observational data, I identify organizational structure, control systems, career paths, and strategy-making processes as four means through which the combination of company and franchise units helps chains achieve their objectives. The paper shows how the control and innovation processes provided by this plural form ameliorate some of the weaknesses and leverage some of the strengths of the company and franchise arrangements, enhancing the performance of the chain overall. '
Pedagogical and Policy Challenges in Implementing E-Learning in Social Work Education

SUMMARY This paper provides a summary of the findings from in-depth interviews with thirty social work educators and administrators involved in developing and offering e-learning in their programs in Canada. Using qualitative data analysis, four interrelated categories were developed: Professional Challenges, Pedagogical Challenges, Faculty Challenges and Administrative Challenges. A large number of issues were identified in each of these categories. Six themes emerged from the study. These themes form a two-part framework for examining policy issues and implementation tasks. The findings have pedagogical and policy implications for social work educators who are implementing e-learning in their programs.
A silicon nitride platform by physical vapor deposition for dense wavelength division multiplexing on chip

On-chip and off-chip optical interconnections have been expected to breakthrough the scaling bottleneck of the microprocessors. The missing link is dense-wavelength-division-multiplexed (DWDM) technology. The high index contrast, Si on insulator (SOI) platform, here after referred to as HiDex, is excellent to shrink the footprint of devices and circuits. However, HiDex has a fundamental limit to implement DWDM because of the large thermo-optic (TO) coefficient of Si. Although silica optical bench, i.e., low index contrast (LoDex) is much more stable than HiDex, the large bending radii have made it impossible to integrate on a chip. The present paper proposes mid index contrast (MiDex) platform to implement the DWDM, typically based on silicon nitride (SiNx) as in Fig. 1. We have demonstrated the capability of MiDex to lock wavelength of multiplexing and demultiplexing (MUX/DEMUX): The shift of the ring resonance was less than 100 GHz at a temperature range from room temperature to 70°C. Since no absorption appears around 1520 nm without any high temperature annealings normally required, it is clear that the SiNx based MiDex platform would be ready for DWDM application of Si photonics.
Pharmacogenetic association with adverse drug reactions to azathioprine immunosuppressive therapy following liver transplantation

Azathioprine (AZA) is a thiopurine prodrug commonly used in triple‐immunosuppressive therapy following liver transplantation. Approximately 1 in 10 patients suffers side effects in response to the drug, the most problematic being bone marrow toxicity. There is evidence that polymorphisms in the genes encoding thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) and inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPase) predict adverse drug reactions to AZA therapy. Furthermore, common genetic polymorphisms in the gene encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) may have an indirect impact on thiopurine drug methylation by influencing levels of the methyl donor S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM). The aim of this study was to determine whether polymorphisms in these candidate pharmacogenetic loci predict adverse drug reactions to AZA immunosuppressive therapy in liver transplant patients. A series of 65 liver transplant recipients were recruited to the study from the Liver Transplant Out‐Patient clinic at The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh. Clinical response to AZA was retrospectively correlated against TPMT activity, TPMT*2, *3A, and *3A genotypes, inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) 94C>A and IVS2+21A>C genotypes, and MTHFR 677C>T and 1298A>C genotypes. Variant TPMT, ITPA, and MTHFR genotypes were not significantly associated with adverse drug reactions to AZA, including bone marrow suppression. However, the 2 patients who suffered nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) were both heterozygous for the TPMT*3A mutation. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TPMT, ITPA, and MTHFR genotypes do not predict adverse drug reactions, including bone marrow suppression, in liver transplant patients. However, the possible association between NRH and a heterozygous TPMT genotype should be investigated further. (Liver Transpl 2005;11:826–833.)
Effects of experience-based learning program using singing insects

This study examines how an experimental-based learning program using singing insects improves the academic achievement of elementary school children. Study subjects were a total of 123 elementary students at their 2 nd and 3 rd grade who voluntarily participated in an experience-based learning program organized by Seodaemun Museum of Natural History, Seoul. Students were given the same survey questionnaires before and after taking the learning program, and this procedure was repeated in 7 independent replication trials. Result from a paired t-test indicated that the learning program had a positive effect on academic performance, with students gaining significantly higher mean scores in the survey test after taking the program than before. This result suggests that the experience-based learning program using singing insects is effective at improving student ’ s academic achievement. Our study provides a critical impetus for developing a variety of other experience-based learning programs using insects like ours, leading us to anticipate that these programs will be practiced more systematically and actively in the classroom in future.
Interplay of Notch and FGF signaling restricts cell fate and MAPK activation in the Drosophila trachea.

The patterned branching in the Drosophila tracheal system is triggered by the FGF-like ligand Branchless that activates a receptor tyrosine kinase Breathless and the MAP kinase pathway. A single fusion cell at the tip of each fusion branch expresses the zinc-finger gene escargot, leads branch migration in a stereotypical pattern and contacts with another fusion cell to mediate fusion of the branches. A high level of MAP kinase activation is also limited to the tip of the branches. Restriction of such cell specialization events to the tip is essential for tracheal tubulogenesis. Here we show that Notch signaling plays crucial roles in the singling out process of the fusion cell. We found that Notch is activated in tracheal cells by Branchless signaling through stimulation of &Dgr; expression at the tip of tracheal branches and that activated Notch represses the fate of the fusion cell. In addition, Notch is required to restrict activation of MAP kinase to the tip of the branches, in part through the negative regulation of Branchless expression. Notch-mediated lateral inhibition in sending and receiving cells is thus essential to restrict the inductive influence of Branchless on the tracheal tubulogenesis.
Associations among preschool children’s classroom literacy environment, interest and engagement in literacy activities, and early reading skills

This study examines the relations among the classroom literacy environment, children’s interest and engagement in literacy activities, and children’s early reading skills in a sample of 167 children aged 4 and 5 years enrolled in 31 Head Start classrooms. Researchers rated the classroom literacy environment. Teachers reported on children’s interest in literacy activities and observers reported on children’s engagement in literacy activities during large group and free play. Researchers directly assessed children’s early reading skills: phonological awareness, letter-word knowledge, and expressive vocabulary. Classroom literacy environment was indirectly associated with some early reading skills via child literacy interest and engagement. Different associations were found for literacy engagement during large group compared to literacy engagement during free play. The implications of the findings are discussed, as are directions for future research.
Secondary Structure Prediction of All-Helical Proteins Using Hidden Markov Support Vector Machines

Our goal is to develop a state-of-the-art predictor with an intuitive and biophysically-motivated energy model through the use of Hidden Markov Support Vector Machines (HM-SVMs), a recent innovation in the field of machine learning. We focus on the prediction of alpha helices in proteins and show that using HM-SVMs, a simple 7-state HMM with 302 parameters can achieve a Qα value of 77.6% and a SOVα value of 73.4%. We briefly describe how our method can be generalized to predicting beta strands and sheets.
Awareness of social issues among Indian women construction workers

English This article is based on an empirical study of 690 Indian women construction workers and examines their levels of social awareness. Those in the age bracket 22-33 years and with fewer years of stay in the city were more aware than others. Women construction workers need to be further empowered, to enable them to be better integrated into the developmental process. French Cet article présente les résultats d'une étude empirique menée auprès de 690 femmes travailleuses de la construction. L'étude visait l'examen de leur niveau de conscience sociale. Il constate avec intérêt que les femmes de 22 à 33 ans, avec moins d'années de séjour dans la cité, sont plus conscientisées que les autres. Le travailleuses ont toutefois besoin d'un plus haut niveau d'empowerment afin d'améliorer leur capacité d'intégration dans le processus développemental. Spanish Este artículo está basado en un estudio empírico de 690 mujeres trabajadoras de la construcción en India y pretende examinar su nivel de conocimiento sobre temas sociales. Resulta interesante que aquellas cuyas edades fluctúan entre los 22 y los 33 años de edad, con menos años de permanencia en la ciudad tienen mayor conocimiento sobre estos temas que las otras. Sin embargo, las mujeres trabajadoras de la construcción requieren estar más preparadas para ser capaces de integrarse mejor al proceso de desarrollo.
Comment on Cohen et al.

SIR—We read with interest the report of Anderson et al. (1) concerning the use of baclofen pumps and reversible coma in children. We would like to report three children who experienced similar reversible coma following placement of baclofen pumps under general anaesthesia. All three were alert and responding when discharged from the PACU to the ward. However, 1.5 h later, we were asked to reevaluate the patients because of coma, hypotension, and bradycardia. Since the patients had received morphine in the PACU, a trial of Narcan was used with no improvement. All patients were given oxygen, fluid boluses and atropine. The baclofen infusion was stopped, and we continued to monitor our patients with other interventions. All of our patients responded slowly to our therapeutic measures and made an uneventful recovery. We thank Anderson et al. for their report and excellent discussion of the issues relating to starting the baclofen infusion in the immediate postoperative period and the concerns and confusion in treatment decisions. Timothy W. Martin James F. Mayhew Arkansas Children’s Hospital Little Rock, AR, USA
0 Statistical Analysis of Gel Electrophoresis Data

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) methods such as two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE; O’Farrell (1975)) and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE; Ünlü et al. (1997)) are popular techniques for protein separation because they allow researchers to characterize quantitative protein changes on a large scale. Thus, 2-DE is frequently used as an initial screening procedure whereby results obtained generate scientific ideas for study. These technologies revolutionized the field of proteomics and biomarker discovery in their ability to detect protein changes either in differential expression or modification (Huang et al., 2006; Rai & Chan, 2004; Wulfkuhle et al., 2003; Zhou et al., 2002). Further, they are attractive because of their resolving power and sensitivity. 2-DE analyses, however, require personnel with significant wet laboratory expertise and can be time-consuming, thus potentially limiting the sample size for gels.
Using Social Stories to Enhance Behaviour in Children with Autistic Spectrum Difficulties

This paper describes teachers, parents and educational psychologists working together to meet the needs of children and young people with autistic spectrum difficulties in mainstream and special schools. It examines the impact on children's social behaviour of a two-session workshop for groups of parents/carers, teachers and learning support assistants about 'Social Stories' (Gray, 1994). It highlights the contribution that Social Stories can make to the management of a wide range of social behaviours, including inappropriate sexual behaviour, unsafe behaviour and obsessional behaviour. Issues raised by the use of Social Stories and their benefits for children with autistic spectrum difficulties are considered. The paper concludes by describing the developing diversity in the use of Social Stories and invites those working in the field to contribute to the body of information about their strengths and limitations.
Polly-ACC Transparent compilation to heterogeneous hardware

Programming today's increasingly complex heterogeneous hardware is difficult, as it commonly requires the use of data-parallel languages, pragma annotations, specialized libraries, or DSL compilers. Adding explicit accelerator support into a larger code base is not only costly, but also introduces additional complexity that hinders long-term maintenance. We propose a new heterogeneous compiler that brings us closer to the dream of automatic accelerator mapping. Starting from a sequential compiler IR, we automatically generate a hybrid executable that - in combination with a new data management system - transparently offloads suitable code regions. Our approach is almost regression free for a wide range of applications while improving a range of compute kernels as well as two full SPEC CPU applications. We expect our work to reduce the initial cost of accelerator usage and to free developer time to investigate algorithmic changes.
Unconscious effects of language-specific terminology on preattentive color perception

It is now established that native language affects one's perception of the world. However, it is unknown whether this effect is merely driven by conscious, language-based evaluation of the environment or whether it reflects fundamental differences in perceptual processing between individuals speaking different languages. Using brain potentials, we demonstrate that the existence in Greek of 2 color terms—ghalazio and ble—distinguishing light and dark blue leads to greater and faster perceptual discrimination of these colors in native speakers of Greek than in native speakers of English. The visual mismatch negativity, an index of automatic and preattentive change detection, was similar for blue and green deviant stimuli during a color oddball detection task in English participants, but it was significantly larger for blue than green deviant stimuli in native speakers of Greek. These findings establish an implicit effect of language-specific terminology on human color perception.
More Than Men in White Sheets: Seven Concepts Critical to the Teaching of Racism as Systemic Inequality

Abstract Most college students tend to view racism as individual bias and prejudice and lack an understanding of the broader systemic nature of the problem. The purpose of this article is to examine how to help undergraduate students move from viewing racism as individual bigotry to recognizing its complex nature as a systemic phenomenon that pervades every aspect of United States society. Seven concepts are presented as necessary ingredients for any college course that seeks to address systemic racism. The seven critical concepts are: race as a social construction; dominant and subordinated groups; levels of racism; white privilege; internalized racism; multiple social group memberships; and historical inequality. The discussion of each concept includes a description, brief historical context, and an example of how the concept can be taught in the college classroom.