Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigation of balance performance of wrestling and kickboxing athletes

Background and Aim. Balance performance is one of the significant requirements to achieve success in wrestling and kickboxing. Although the evaluation of balance performance is important in both sports branches, there are a limited number of studies on this subject. Additionally, there is no study comparing the two branches in terms of balance performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the balance performances of wrestling and kickboxing athletes. Material and Methods. Thirteen Greco-Roman wrestlers (age: 20.69 ± 1.32 years, height: 176.0 ± 4.30 cm, body mass: 75.54 ± 6.81 kg) and thirteen kickboxers (age: 20.23 ± 2.49 years, height: 177. 62 ± 5.03 cm, body mass: 77.08 ± 8.44 kg) who participated in national competitions were included in the study voluntarily. The Biodex Balance System (BBS, Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY) was used to test dynamic balance and three index scores were recorded: overall stability index (OSI), anterior-posterior stability index (APSI) and medio-lateral stability index (MLSI). Dynamic balance measurements of the participants were conducted with eyes open condition. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the outputs of the dynamic balance tests of wrestlers and kickboxers. All statistical analyses were conducted using the SPSS software package, version 24.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results. The comparison of dynamic balance between kickboxers and wrestlers revealed no significant differences in the OSI, APSI, and MLSI parameters (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that despite the inherent differences in technical requirements and training protocols between kickboxing and wrestling, both groups of athletes demonstrate similar levels of proficiency in maintaining dynamic balance. Such parity challenges potential assumptions regarding disparities in balance performance across these disciplines. Conclusions. The balance performances of wrestling and kickboxing athletes are similar, as evidenced by the lack of significant differences in dynamic balance parameters between the two groups. This suggests that balance performance may be influenced by the specific features of each sport and the training levels of the athletes, rather than inherent differences between the sports themselves.
Unpacking the Form and Structure of Jaya Baya Music Composition in JES Gamelan Fusion

This paper aims to reveal the structure and form of Jaya Baya music composition by I Nyoman Windha in JES Gamelan Fusion. Jaya Baya's Music Composition in JES Gamelan Fusion is the result of a rearrangement of the same title worked on with the Sekar Jaya Gamelan Group using Angklung gamelan in 2002 by taking the idea of revealing the meaning of the Bom Bali I Tragedy. This research uses qualitative descriptive research methods, with musicological approach procedures, to analyze the form and structure of the Composition of Musik Jaya Baya in JES Gamelan Fusion. This music turnover is in the style of fusion music, by combining the values of Bali characteristics with Western music values presented by JGF (Jes Gamelan Fusion). It turns out that in her composition, Windha is still thick with Balinese karawitan practices, where various elements of music, the practice of music playing techniques, ornamentation, and even the structure of the music are still Balinese style. Two types of gamelan as the basic foundation of music fusion, namely Jegog gamelan and Semar Pagulingan Saih Pitu gamelan, have certainly given rise to sound color perspectives and instrumentation techniques as a creative force for composition creation. Windha has also made hybrid music in a fusion style which turned out to be an alternative to combining Western and Eastern music (Nusantara).
The serodiagnositic value of Chlamydia trachomatis antigens in antibody detection using luciferase immunosorbent assay

Introduction Among the different antigens used in the detection of anti-Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies, significant differences in sensitivity and specificity have been observed. Further evaluation of C. trachomatis antigens in antibody detection is urgently needed for the development and application of C. trachomatis serologic assays. Methods Chlamydia trachomatis antigens Pgp3, TmeA, InaC, and HSP60 were selected and used in luciferase immunosorbent assay (LISA). The detection results obtained from well-defined C. trachomatis positive and negative samples were compared with the commercial C. trachomatis ELISA (Mikrogen) for performance evaluation. Results Pgp3, TmeA, InaC, and HSP60-based LISA showed sensitivity of 92.8, 88.8, 90.4, and 94.4%, and specificity of 99.2, 99.2, 99.2, and 92%, respectively. ROC analysis indicated that Pgp3-based LISA showed similar performance to Mikrogen ELISA (AUC 0.986 vs. 0.993, p = 0.207). Furthermore, four C. trachomatis antigens achieved strong diagnostic efficiency, i.e., positive likelihood ratios [+LR] ≥ 10 in C. trachomatis-infected women and negative likelihood ratios [−LR] ≤ 0.1 in C. trachomatis negative low exposure risk children, but only Pgp3 and TmeA showed strong diagnostic value in general adults. In addition, Pgp3, TmeA, and InaC, but not HSP60, achieved high performance, i.e., both positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) ≥ 90.9%, and showed no significant cross-reactivity with anti-Chlamydiapneumoniae. Conclusion Three C. trachomatis species-specific antigens Pgp3, TmeA, and InaC show superior performance in the detection of anti-C. trachomatis antibody, indicating the potential to be used in developing C. trachomatis serologic tests.
Initiation du patron de buttes et de dépressions dans les tourbières ombrotrophes boréales

Hummock-hollow patterning represents the microtopographical heterogeneity of almost all bogs. Evolution of the patterning has largely been explained by the intrinsic and hydrophysical properties of Sphagnum mosses as well as by the asymmetrical competition and facilitation between vascular plants and Sphagnum species. Research goal is to determine if hummock-hollow patterning in boreal peatlands can be initiated in the short-term (less than 20 years) because of intrinsic properties of plant species and interspecific interactions. Cutover peatlands (restored or abandoned with spontaneous re-vegetation) were used as models. We demonstrated that only 10 to 30 years are needed for the development of microstructures comparable to those in natural bogs on restored peatland where Sphagnum diaspores have been re-introduced. However, microstructures in abandoned peatlands were still dissimilar to those in natural bogs 70 years post-abandonment. Return of typical vegetation of the hummock-hollow patterning in cutover peatlands is also generally less rapid than the apparition of structures themselves. Our study provides strong evidence for the usefulness of vascular plants in the formation and maintenance of hummocks. The growth in length of Sphagnum mosses is promoted by the structures of vascular plant when their cover is low and climatic conditions are sub-optimal. An increase in the cover of vascular plants allows Sphagnum stem densities and substantially reduces biomass accumulation. Consequently, hummocks cannot form beneath dense vascular plant covers. Niche breadth and overlap between species are larger in natural peatlands. The biggest differences are found between natural and abandoned peatland. An intermediate situation is observed in restored peatlands. No hypothesis associated to ecological niches (for example: stress-gradient or niche overlap hypotheses) seems to perfectly explain the realised niches of species in re-vegetated or natural peatlands. Finally, typical species have similar realised niches in natural bogs of Eastern and Western Canada. Also, niche breadths and overlaps confirm field observations for species position in hummock-hollow gradient.
Design and Testing of a Compact, Portable Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Device

We describe the design and preliminary testing of a portable single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) device for the possible treatment of migraine headaches. The design requirements are presented, and tradeoffs/options for some of the key components are analyzed. Details of the design are given, and performance results of the initial prototype are compared with the theoretical predictions, demonstrating the viability of the design.
Field Evaluation of Soil Water Extraction of Cotton

Water scarcity is often a major limiting factor in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production, and sustaining productivity and profitability with limited water is a major challenge for the cotton industry. A good understanding of the magnitude, timing and spatial distribution of cotton soil water extraction is important for proper irrigation management, and for development of accurate crop models and decision support systems. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the water extraction distribution of cotton under different irrigation regimes. Specific objectives were to quantify: 1) the depth of soil water extraction as a function of time, 2) the percent of seasonal water extraction from each soil depth, and 3) the relationship between depth of soil water extraction and canopy height. To meet these specific objectives, daily and seasonal cotton soil water extraction were determined from continuous records of water content in the soil profile measured from four irrigation treatments during a field experiment. We found that cotton extracted soil water from as deep as 150 cm, but the percent of seasonal extraction sharply decreased with soil depth. The top 50 cm soil layer accounted for 75% of the seasonal extraction and the top 80 cm, for 90%. We also found that from 32 days after sowing (DAS) to 100 DAS, the depth of soil water extraction increased linearly at a rate of 1.89 cm·day-1 or 2.36 times the increase in crop canopy height. These findings suggest that cotton producers should manage irrigations to maintain adequate moisture in the top 80 cm of the soil profile rather than relying on moisture stored deeper in the profile.
Radiometric calibration stability assessment for the RISAT-1 SAR sensor using a deployed point target array at the Desalpar site, Rann of Kutch, India

ABSTRACT Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data used for quantitative temporal and/or spatial analysis requires calibration to ensure that observed pixel values of amplitude and phase can be related to the geophysical parameters of interest. The process of radiometric calibration of SAR images involves comparison of the backscattered radar reflectivity signal from a ground resolution element containing a calibration target of known signal response, such as a corner reflector. In this study, absolute radiometric calibration of RISAT-1 intensity data of fine resolution stripmap-1 (FRS-1) and medium resolution ScanSAR (MRS) mode was carried out by utilizing array of standard point targets of various types (triangular trihedral, square trihedral, and dihedral) with known radar cross-section deployed prior to satellite overpass with precise azimuth and elevation angles in Desalpar, Rann of Kutch in western India. The derived calibration constants using the integral method were then compared with the values provided in the header file. Deviations in the results are reported in this article. The results obtained show that the difference between the estimated average calibration constants for FRS-1 and MRS mode data with the provided value was found to be within the absolute radiometric accuracy specification of Radar Imaging SATellite (RISAT-1). Near-range to far-range difference of 0.1–0.2 dB for HH (Horizontal transmit, Horizontal receive) polarization and 0.1–0.3 dB for HV (Horizontal transmit, Vertical receive) polarization was estimated for the same scene using distributed target analysis indicating the stability of calibration for the same scene. This study also concluded that Desalpar site in Rann of Kutch has the potential of being an operational SAR calibration site.
Complex-Valued Neural Network With Multistep Training for Single-Snapshot DOA Estimation

Estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) for single snapshot signals is paramount in practical applications. In this letter, we present a method for single snapshot DOA estimation based on a neural network, namely, the complex-valued residual angle estimation network (CVRAEN). First, the CVRAEN network uses the initial feature extraction module including complex linear layer and complex convolutional layer to process the input signal and decompose it into multiple complex-valued feature signals for obtaining preliminary signal feature extraction. Subsequently, to extract depth features, the depth feature extraction module is used to further process the extracted features. Finally, the mapping module combines and maps the extracted features for DOA estimation. This letter uses a series of training steps, including pretraining, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) stratified training, and SNR adaptive training, to continuously optimize the network model. The main simulation results indicate that within the simulated SNR range, the proposed method exhibits a decrease of approximately 30% in root mean square error compared with traditional methods.
Atmospheric Tides at High Latitudes in the Martian Upper Atmosphere Observed by MAVEN and MRO

Global‐scale waves have been seen throughout the Martian atmosphere and can achieve significant amplitude at higher altitudes. Previous observations of the upper atmosphere have also revealed wavenumber‐3 signatures with significant amplitudes that have been interpreted as signatures of diurnal and semidiurnal tides or stationary planetary waves. This study focuses on two intervals during which concurrent observations of the upper thermosphere made in situ, the middle thermosphere made remotely, and the middle atmosphere made remotely provide observations of the atmospheric tides between 50‐ and 200‐km altitude. Focusing on high latitudes, these observations are able to identify strong wavenumber‐3 signatures in the thermosphere that propagate eastward with increasing local time, consistent with an eastward propagating tide. A complementary analysis of the data from the middle atmosphere reveals wavenumber‐3 signatures that move eastward and upward. During the first interval, these analyses reveal a combination of the diurnal tide DE2 and the semidiurnal tide SE1 to be present, while during the second only the semidiurnal SE1 is seen. During both intervals, the observations provide a consistent picture of these waves being present from the middle atmosphere to the upper thermosphere, consistent with the theory that such waves are generated in the lower atmosphere and propagate upward throughout the entire atmosphere.
Deep Eutectic Solvents as New Extraction Media for Flavonoids in Mung Bean

Mung beans contain abundant flavonoids like vitexin and isovitexin, which contribute to their strong bioactivities, such as antioxidant effects, so efforts should focus on extracting bioactive flavonoids as well as aligning with the goal of green extraction for specific applications. Deep eutectic solvent coupled with ultrasound-assisted extraction (DES-UAE) was applied to extract flavonoids from mung beans, and eight different DESs were compared on the extraction yield. In addition, the traditional extraction method with 30% ethanol was performed as the reference. The results showed that ethylene glycol-glycolic acid achieved the highest yield among all the DESs, 1.6 times that of the reference values. Furthermore, the DES-UAE parameters were optimized as a 60 mL/g liquid–solid ratio, 30% water content in DES, 200 W ultrasonic power, 67 °C ultrasonic temperature, and 10 min extraction time, leading to the DES extract with the maximum extraction yield of 2339.45 ± 42.98 μg/g, and the significantly stronger DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability than the traditional extract. Therefore, employing DES and ultrasonic extraction together offers a green method for extracting flavonoids from mung beans, advancing the development and utilization of plant-derived effective components in a sustainable manner.
Average Intensity and Wavelength of the Emitted Radiations from Earth Surface with Error Analysis

This research finds the spectrum and the net intensity of the emitted radiations from the earth surface at different temperatures of 273, 283, 293, 303, 313, and 323 K. The intensity of the radiations emitted from the surface varies by 272.013 Wm-2 between 273 K and 323 K surface temperatures at emissivity 0.9. The average intensity for emissivity 0.9 is 410.405 Wm-2, with a standard deviation of 101.94 Wm-2 and standard error 41.616. The calculated mean emitted flux is found 8.9482 W/m2/sr/µm for 0.9 emissivity. At emissivity of 0.96, the desert emits radiation with an average intensity of 437.77 Wm-2 having standard deviation 108.708 Wm-2 and standard error 44.379. These large values of standard deviation and standard error are due to the large difference between any two adjacent values of intensity of the emitted radiations. Standard error comparisons between the emissivity calculations of 0.9 and 0.96 show that the intensity in emissivity 0.9 is more appropriate than the intensity in emissivity 0.96 in determining the average value of intensity of emitted radiations. The difference between the calculated and standard values for the average intensity of radiation radiated from the earth’s surface is about 17%.
Design and Exploration by Quantum Chemical Analysis of Photosensitizers Having [D−π–π–A]- and [D-D-triad-A]-Type Molecular Structure Models for DSSC

Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed on the newly developed and designed photosensitizers having [D-D-triad-A]- and [D−π–π–A]-type structural models for near-infrared absorption dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). For this purpose, three novel molecules are designed, which are named as follows: [naphthalene-anthracene-thiophene-furan-benzonitrile] as dye S1, [coronene-anthracene-thiophene-furan-benzonitrile] as dye S2, and [fluorene-thiophene-furan-benzonitrile] as dye S3. In all three systems, benzonitrile is the acceptor moiety, while thiophene and furan are bridging moieties. Naphthalene and anthracene are donor moieties in S1, whereas coronene and anthracene are donor moieties in S2, and fluorene is the only single donor moiety used for designing the dye complex S3. All three dye complexes are optimized under the DFT framework by using the B3LYP hybrid functional with 6-31G(d,p) basis set on Gaussian 16W software. The absorption spectra are calculated utilizing time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) with the CAM-B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set. The calculated absorption maxima of S1 and S2 are 749.45 and 750.04 nm, respectively, while for S3, it is reported to be at 337.35 nm, which suggests that the designed molecular structure having a double-donor moiety is suitable for high absorption wavelength. Further, the analysis of frontier molecular orbital energy gap suggests that the molecular systems S1, S2, and S3 have values 2.17, 2.13, and 3.618 eV, respectively, which lie in the semiconducting region. The other parameters calculated for the photovoltaic performance are exciton binding energy, change in free energy of charge regeneration, change in free energy of charge injection, oscillator strength, light harvesting efficiency, and open-circuit voltage.
The fundamental motor skills and motor coordination performance of children in West Sumatera Province, Indonesia

Background and Study Aims. Good motor coordination is needed to achieve good fundamental motor skills. This study aimed to analyze and describe the relationship between fundamental motor skills and motor coordination performance of elementary school students aged 7 to 9 years old. Material and Methods. The subjects were elementary school students in grades 1, 2, and 3 with a total number of students was 478 (248 male students, and 230 female students) in 8 cities and regencies in West Sumatera, Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional research design. The fundamental motor skills were examined using the Test of Gross Motor Development-Second Edition. This included assessing locomotor skills (running, galloping, sliding, leaping, hopping, and jumping) and object control skills (striking, catching, throwing, dribbling, rolling, and kicking). Motor coordination performance was assessed by using the Körperkoordinations Test für Kinder including balance beam, moving sideways, jumping sideways, and eye-hand coordination. The data were analyzed by using IBM SPSS statistic version 25. Results. Students in urban areas demonstrated certain levels in Gross Motor Quotients scores, while their counterparts in rural areas achieved marginally higher scores with slightly less variation. In schools where Physical Education teachers were present, students generally scored higher compared to schools without Physical Education teachers, albeit with a bit less variation in the latter. When comparing motor coordination performance, students in urban areas typically outperformed those in rural areas, exhibiting slightly more consistent scores. Similarly, students with access to Physical Education teachers showed better motor coordination performance than those without, though with a somewhat greater range in their scores. A noticeable trend was observed in the Gross Motor Quotients scores of Fundamental Motor Skills, which tended to decrease as age increased. Conversely, students' motor coordination performance generally improved with age. Supporting these observations, the result of the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, obtained from Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed), was 0.200 > 0.05. Additionally, the Pearson correlation value between motor coordination performance and fundamental motor skills was 0.633 with a sig value of 0.000, indicating a significant relationship. Conclusions. Based on the study's findings, it is recommended to focus on enhancing motor skill programs for children in rural areas. Schools should invest in Physical Education teachers, especially where they are currently absent, to benefit children. Age-specific programs are needed to address the decline in Gross Motor Quotients with age in children. Regular monitoring and evaluation of these initiatives for children are essential.
Flow Field Characteristics of Half-rotating Impeller Tidal Turbine

The half-rotating impeller tidal turbine (HRITT) is a new type of vertical shaft tidal current turbine with lift and resistance performance. In order to explore the hydrodynamic characteristics of HRITT, the CFD method was used to analyze its flow field characteristics and dynamic performance. XFlow software was used to analyze the variation of velocity, vorticity, pressure and wake in the flow field of the half-rotating impeller, and the flow field characteristics of the device were expounded. The distribution of wake vortices and the attenuation law of wake velocity in a half-rotating impeller were analyzed, and the arrangement distance between the front and rear units was explored. According to the characteristics of the flow field, the variation law of torque coefficient and water utilization ratio were analysed. It was found that the maximum water utilization ratio of HRITT is 34.7%, and the fluctuation of torque coefficient is small. The above results show that HRITT has unique flow field characteristics and good dynamic characteristics.