Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cyber infrastructure for Fusarium: three integrated platforms supporting strain identification, phylogenetics, comparative genomics and knowledge sharing

The fungal genus Fusarium includes many plant and/or animal pathogenic species and produces diverse toxins. Although accurate species identification is critical for managing such threats, it is difficult to identify Fusarium morphologically. Fortunately, extensive molecular phylogenetic studies, founded on well-preserved culture collections, have established a robust foundation for Fusarium classification. Genomes of four Fusarium species have been published with more being currently sequenced. The Cyber infrastructure for Fusarium (CiF; http://www.fusariumdb.org/) was built to support archiving and utilization of rapidly increasing data and knowledge and consists of Fusarium-ID, Fusarium Comparative Genomics Platform (FCGP) and Fusarium Community Platform (FCP). The Fusarium-ID archives phylogenetic marker sequences from most known species along with information associated with characterized isolates and supports strain identification and phylogenetic analyses. The FCGP currently archives five genomes from four species. Besides supporting genome browsing and analysis, the FCGP presents computed characteristics of multiple gene families and functional groups. The Cart/Favorite function allows users to collect sequences from Fusarium-ID and the FCGP and analyze them later using multiple tools without requiring repeated copying-and-pasting of sequences. The FCP is designed to serve as an online community forum for sharing and preserving accumulated experience and knowledge to support future research and education.
Attributes of Language Use Explained by Activities of Neurons

A creature is not able to live without interacting with surroundings. The creature makes action in order to continue activities. The network of neurons in a brain is a tool to replay and it is created through the activity. A language is a tool that expresses activities of a brain. Fundamentals of language use are explained by means of activities of cell level. Since every nerve cell unifies many activities into one activity, a subset of activities forms a hierarchical linkage of neurons. There are linkages between the representative and the content that is expressed, and there are linked overlaps in a layered structure. The branch processes of language use are operated by means of the intermittent activities.
Yet another Platform for Extracting Knowledge from Corpora

The research field of extracting knowledge bases from text collections seems to be mature: its target and its working hypotheses are clear. In this paper we propose a platform, YAPEK, i.e., Yet Another Platform for Extracting Knowledge from corpora, that wants to be the base to collect the majority of algorithms for extracting knowledge bases from corpora. The idea is that, when many knowledge extraction algorithms are collected under the same platform, relative comparisons are clearer and many algorithms can be leveraged to extract more valuable knowledge for final tasks such as Textual Entailment Recognition. As we want to collect many knowledge extraction algorithms, YAPEK is based on the three working hypotheses of the area: the basic hypothesis, the distributional hypothesis, and the point-wise assertion patterns. In YAPEK, these three hypotheses define two spaces: the space of the target textual forms and the space of the contexts. This platform guarantees the possibility of rapidly implementing many models for extracting knowledge from corpora as the platform gives clear entry points to model what is really different in the different algorithms: the feature spaces, the distances in these spaces, and the actual algorithm.
Analysis realization of Viola-Jones method for face detection on CCTV camera based on embedded system

In this paper the use a face detection system with Viola-Jones method mounted on a surveillance camera in a room as a CCTV is conducted. The camera turns on automatically and moves toward an object corresponding to the input received from a laser range finder. It makes use of the camera becomes more efficient. The output of this research is that the use of Viola-Jones method can immediately detect a human face more than once shoot it in real-time and know the ideal face position to be detected. The results of face detection are captured by the camera and then the final pictures are sent to the server for further processing by a mobile application.
Biomarkers of Aging: From Function to Molecular Biology

Aging is a major risk factor for most chronic diseases and functional impairments. Within a homogeneous age sample there is a considerable variation in the extent of disease and functional impairment risk, revealing a need for valid biomarkers to aid in characterizing the complex aging processes. The identification of biomarkers is further complicated by the diversity of biological living situations, lifestyle activities and medical treatments. Thus, there has been no identification of a single biomarker or gold standard tool that can monitor successful or healthy aging. Within this short review the current knowledge of putative biomarkers is presented, focusing on their application to the major physiological mechanisms affected by the aging process including physical capability, nutritional status, body composition, endocrine and immune function. This review emphasizes molecular and DNA-based biomarkers, as well as recent advances in other biomarkers such as microRNAs, bilirubin or advanced glycation end products.
Sustained attention in remitted schizophrenics.

Sixteen drug-free discharged remitted schizophrenics and twenty control subjects were tested on the Continuous Performance Test (CPT), a test of sustained attention. Following baseline testing, a distraction condition consisting of auditory and visual distractors was introduced. A third session without distractors represented a recovery period. Remitted schizophrenics failed to respond to critical stimuli (omission errors) during distractor period significantly more often than did controls. They more frequently responded to noncritical stimuli (commission errors). Response latency time for schizophrenics during recovery was prolonged. Poor premorbib schizophrenic subjects made significantly more commission errors than did good premorbib subjects. These results are interpreted as being compatible with a persisting attention deficit in clinically remitted schizophrenic patients.
Chronic viral hepatitis in children: any role for the pathologist?

> The child is father of the man (William Wordsworth) Among human hepatitis viruses, hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are able to persist in the host for years and principally contribute to the establishment of chronic hepatitis. A large number of people, worldwide, is still estimated to be infected with HBV and HCV: 370 and 130 million, respectively.1 In endemic areas, HBV infection is often acquired perinatally or early in childhood and becomes chronic in a high proportion of cases. Universal vaccination of newborns has been effective in reducing the spread of infection. However, hepatitis B is still a social–sanitary problem in undeveloped areas where immunisation policies are unavailable and in developed countries, where the reservoir of infection is maintained by immigration and adoption. In some endemic areas children with chronic hepatitis B are also at risk for superinfection with the hepatitis delta virus (HDV), which worsens the prognosis of liver disease. In the absence of a specific vaccination, HCV infection remains a major global health problem. Although efficient therapies are now available, HCV-related end-stage liver disease is still the most frequent indication for liver transplantation in adult patients. The spread of HCV infection in childhood is much more limited,2 3 but vertical transmission, though of low efficiency, contributes to maintaining the reservoir of infection worldwide.4 Based on a projection model for paediatric HCV outcomes, it has been suggested that HCV infection will have a significant economic impact over the next 10 years.5 Indeed, chronic viral hepatitis acquired in childhood is a long-lasting process based on host–virus interactions, which may change over the years. A number of factors related to the virus (genotype, therapy), to the host (hormonal status, immunocompetence, therapy) and to the environment (alcohol, drugs, co-infections) can interfere with the natural history of the …
An Electromyographic Analysis of the Shoulder During a Medicine Ball Rehabilitation Program

We used dynamic electromyography and a motion analysis system to describe the muscle firing patterns in 10 shoulder muscles and the basic kinematics of a two-handed overhead medicine ball throw. Ten healthy male subjects with no history of shoulder injury were evaluated. The two-handed medicine ball throw was divided into three phases for analysis: cocking, accel eration, and deceleration. The average duration of the throw was 1.92 seconds; the cocking phase repre sented 56%, the acceleration phase 15.5%, and the deceleration phase 28.5% of the throw. In the cocking phase, the upper trapezius, pectoralis major, and an terior deltoid muscles showed high activity (>40% to 60% maximum manual test), and the rotator cuff mus cles had moderate activity (>20% to 40%). In the acceleration phase, five of the muscles demonstrated high levels of activity (>40% to 60%) and the upper trapezius and lower subscapularis muscles had very high levels of activity (>60%). Analysis of the deceler ation phase revealed high activity in the upper trape zius muscle and moderate activity in all other muscles except the pectoralis major. Our findings support the use of medicine ball training as a bridge between static resistive training and dynamic throwing in the rehabil itation of the overhead athlete. This training technique provides a protective method of strengthening that closely simulates portions of the throwing motion.
Total anorectal reconstruction results in complete anorectal sensory loss

Six patients underwent objective measurement of anorectal sensory function following abdominoperineal excision of the rectum and total anorectal reconstruction. No patient perceived neorectal distension as a desire to defaecate or as a feeling of flatus. Anal mucosal sensation was preserved in two patients in whom some anal mucosa was retained. These sensory deficiencies may result in faecal retention and incontinence in patients undergoing reconstructive surgery. The loss of rectal sensation suggests that the prime sensors of rectal filling may lie within the rectum itself.
Impaired Microvascular Function in Obesity: Implications for Obesity-Associated Microangiopathy, Hypertension, and Insulin Resistance

Background—Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing microangiopathy, hypertension, and insulin resistance. We hypothesized that obesity is a primary cause of microvascular dysfunction, which may contribute to the development of these obesity-related disorders. Methods and Results—We examined microvascular function in 16 lean (body mass index <24 kg/m2) and 12 obese (body mass index >30 kg/m2) healthy women (mean age, 38.9±6.7 years) in the basal state and during physiological systemic hyperinsulinemia. We determined skin capillary recruitment after arterial occlusion with capillaroscopy and skin endothelium–(in)dependent vasodilation by iontophoresis of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside. Obese women, compared with lean women, had higher systolic blood pressure (P <0.05), impaired insulin sensitivity (P <0.01), impaired capillary recruitment in the basal state (P <0.05) and during hyperinsulinemia (P <0.05), and impaired acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation in the basal state (P <0.05) and during hyperinsulinemia (P <0.01). Sodium nitroprusside–mediated vasodilation was similar in lean and obese women. Capillary recruitment and acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation were positively correlated with insulin sensitivity (r =0.58, P <0.01 and r =0.55, P <0.01, respectively) and negatively with blood pressure (r =−0.64, P <0.001 and r =−0.42, P <0.05, respectively) in both lean and obese women. Conclusions—Obesity is characterized by impaired microvascular function in the basal state and during hyperinsulinemia and, in both lean and obese women, microvascular dysfunction is associated with increased blood pressure and decreased insulin sensitivity. These findings are consistent with a contribution of impaired microvascular function to the development of obesity-related microangiopathy, hypertension, and insulin resistance.
Geographical Routing in Intermittently Connected Ad Hoc Networks

In intermittently connected ad hoc networks standard routing protocols like AODV, DSR and GPSR fail since they generally cannot find a contemporaneous path from source to destination. In this paper we present LAROD, a geographical routing protocol for intermittently connected networks. Combining beacon less geographical routing with store-carry-forward LAROD greedily searches for the shortest way to the destination and when no progress is possible packets are temporarily stored until node mobility has created a new path. In the paper we have shown by a comparative study that LAROD has almost as good delivery rate as an epidemic routing scheme, but at a substantially lower overhead.
Dynamic interaction of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 with moesin and ezrin in a novel endothelial docking structure for adherent leukocytes

Ezrin, radixin, and moesin (ERM) regulate cortical morphogenesis and cell adhesion by connecting membrane adhesion receptors to the actin-based cytoskeleton. We have studied the interaction of moesin and ezrin with the vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 during leukocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration (TEM). VCAM-1 interacted directly with moesin and ezrin in vitro, and all of these molecules colocalized at the apical surface of endothelium. Dynamic assessment of this interaction in living cells showed that both VCAM-1 and moesin were involved in lymphoblast adhesion and spreading on the endothelium, whereas only moesin participated in TEM, following the same distribution pattern as ICAM-1. During leukocyte adhesion in static or under flow conditions, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and activated moesin and ezrin clustered in an endothelial actin-rich docking structure that anchored and partially embraced the leukocyte containing other cytoskeletal components such as α-actinin, vinculin, and VASP. Phosphoinositides and the Rho/p160 ROCK pathway, which participate in the activation of ERM proteins, were involved in the generation and maintenance of the anchoring structure. These results provide the first characterization of an endothelial docking structure that plays a key role in the firm adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium during inflammation.
A framework for implementing transactions on grid services

Grid application is being boosted in last years by the growing demand of low cost computing resources and idle computing capacity in collaborative research and development environments, and widely applied to not only scientific computing but business field. However, the research on transaction coordination of grid services has achieved less progress. In this paper, we describe a framework for implementing transactions on grid services, which can coordinate atomic transaction and business transaction, and give a brief introduction to the technical concepts of the distributed transaction model designed for grid services. Then, we focus on specific transaction coordination that can apply to model designed for grid services.
CONTRIBUTION OF NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS CORE TO IMPULSIVE CHOICE: ROLE OF DOPAMINE AND GLUTAMATE SYSTEMS

OF DISSERTATION CONTRIBUTION OF NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS CORE TO IMPULSIVE CHOICE: ROLE OF DOPAMINE AND GLUTAMATE SYSTEMS Impulsive choice refers to the inability to delay gratification and is associated with increased drug abuse vulnerability. Understanding the underlying neural mechanisms linking impulsive choice and drug abuse can contribute to improved treatment options for individuals with substance use disorders. Evidence suggests a major role for nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) in impulsive choice and the reinforcing effects of drugs of abuse. The neurotransmitters glutamate (Glu) and dopamine (DA) are implicated in the neural adaptations observed in drug addiction; however, the role of intra-NAcc Glu and DA in impulsive choice is unclear. Rats were trained in a delay discounting task, in which animals chose between a small, immediate reinforcer and large, delayed reinforcer. Consistently choosing the small, immediate reinforcer was considered to reflect increased impulsivity. Following delay discounting, in vitro receptor autoradiography was performed to quantify the number of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and dopamine transporters (DAT) in NAcc and nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh). In a separate experiment, rats were trained in delay discounting and were implanted with guide cannulae into NAcc. Following surgery, rats received microinfusions of either a) the Glu-selective ligands MK801 (noncompetitive NMDA receptor channel blocker; 0, 0.3, and 1.0 μg), AP-5 (competitive NMDA receptor antagonist; 0, 0.3, and 1.0 μg), ifenprodil (NMDA NR2B subunit antagonist; 0, 0.3, and 1.0 μg), and CNQX (AMPA receptor antagonist; 0, 0.2, and 0.5 μg) or b) the DA-selective ligands SKF 38393 (D1-like receptor agonist; 0, 0.03, and 0.1 μg), SCH 23390 (D1-like receptor antagonist; 0, 0.3, and 1.0 μg), quinpirole (D2-like receptor agonist; 0, 0.3, and 1.0 μg), and eticlopride (D2-like receptor antagonist; 0, 0.3, and 1.0 μg). In NAcc and NAcSh, NMDA receptor and DAT expression did not differ between high and low
FDA Policy and Cardiovascular Medicine.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is among the oldest agencies in the federal government. Its origins can be traced back to 1862, when President Abraham Lincoln appointed a chemist, Charles M. Wetherill, to serve in the Department of Agriculture.1 One of the key early pieces of legislation that initiated the evolution of the FDA into its modern form was the 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act, which prohibited interstate commerce in misbranded drugs, thereby giving the FDA its first regulatory oversight over medical product labeling.2 The transformation of the FDA took another major step forward in 1938 with passage of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, which gave the FDA authority to require evidence of safety before new drugs could be marketed.3 Finally, in the 1962 Kefauver-Harris Amendments, the FDA’s drug regulatory authority was expanded to require the FDA to certify drug efficacy and safety before marketing.4 The Medical Device Amendments in 1976 gave the FDA similar authority to certify the effectiveness and safety of high-risk medical devices before their approval.5 Each of these points in the FDA’s early history represented a broadening of its authority and occurred in the context of public health crises related to widely promoted unsafe or ineffective drugs or medical devices, justifying the need for greater government oversight. For example, the Kefauver-Harris Amendments were designed to address the proliferation of medications with poorly documented efficacy and the occurrence of severe side effects caused by some drugs, the most noteworthy example of which was the sedative-antinauseant thalidomide.6,7 The 1976 legislation was passed after >100 deaths of young women from a widely promoted, but largely untested, implantable intrauterine contraceptive device.8 Currently, the FDA describes its responsibilities as ensuring the safety, efficacy and security of the medical …
Cloning of a Beta-Hemolysin Gene ofBrachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriaeand Its Expression in Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Brachyspira (Serpulina)hyodysenteriae induces a mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease in pigs. The production of a beta-hemolysin has been considered a major virulence attribute of this organism. Previous reports have failed to correlate a specific cloned gene sequence with a purified beta-hemolytic protein sequence. Thus, questions still remain concerning the structural gene sequence of the hemolysin. To answer this question unequivocally, the beta-hemolytic toxin was purified from extracts of log-phase spirochetes, and the N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined (K-D-V-V-A-N-Q-L-N-I-S-D-K) and compared with the translated sequences of previously cloned genes, tlyAto tlyC. The lack of homology between tlyA totlyC translated sequences and the purified beta-hemolytic toxin sequence resulted in the study that is reported here. A degenerate probe was designed based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified beta-hemolysin and used to screen a B. hyodysenteriae genomic library. Three overlapping clones were identified, and one was sequenced to reveal an open reading frame coding for a putative 8.93-kDa polypeptide containing the N-terminal sequence of the purified beta-hemolysin. To distinguish this gene from the tlyA to tlyC genes, it has been designatedhlyA. A hemolysis-negative Escherichia colistrains containing hlyA was beta-hemolytic on blood agar media. Also, the hemolytic activity of the recombinant protein had identical protease and lipase sensitivities and electrophoretic mobility to those of native B. hyodysenteriaebeta-hemolysin. Based on sequence analysis, the translated protein had a pI of 4.3, an α-helical structure, and a phosphopantetheine binding motif. Hybridization analysis of genomic DNA indicated that thehlyA gene was present in B. hyodysenteriae andB. intermedia but was not detected in B. innocens, B. pilosicoli, or B. murdochiiunder high-stringency conditions. The location of hlyA on the chromosomal map was distinct from the locations oftlyA, tlyB, and tlyC.
Postoperative enteral immunonutrition in head and neck cancer patients.

AIMS to determine if postoperative feeding of head and neck cancer patients, using an enteral diet supplemented with arginine, improves immunological and nutritional status, and clinical outcome, i.e., reduces postoperative infectious/wound complications and length of stay, when compared with an isocaloric, isonitrogenous control diet. METHODS at operation 44 patients were randomized into two groups to receive: a) an enriched diet (n=23);b) an isocaloric, isonitrogenous control diet (n=21). Thirteen patients with a history of significant weight loss (> or = 10% over the last 6 months) were considered malnourished. Preoperatively and on postoperative days 1, 4 and 8 the following parameters were evaluated: albumin, prealbumin, transferrin, total number of lymphocytes, lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD4/CD8 ratio) and immunoglobulins. Postoperative complications and length of stay were recorded. RESULTS 'visceral' serum proteins and immunological parameters decreased on postoperative day 1 in both groups. However, only the enriched group demonstrated a significant increase (P<0.05) in the total number of lymphocytes, CD4, CD4/CD8 on postoperative day 4, and total number of lymphocytes, CD3, CD4, CD4/CD8 on postoperative day 8. In the malnourished subgroup the administration of the enriched formula significantly reduced both postoperative infectious/wound complications and length of stay compared with the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS enteral immunonutrition of head and neck cancer patients improves postoperative immunological response. Significant clinical advantages were observed in malnourished patients.