Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new series of sediment collectors for developing bed load sediment budgets and restoring streams

Streamside Systems offers a variety of bed load monitoring collectors to sample targeted sizes of bed load sediment for developing watershed sediment budgets, and to remove sediment to restore streams. Prototypes of portable units have been tested for continuous operation (3- to 5-month periods) for sand to medium gravel moving as bed load. The Streamside collectors sample true bed load, and avoid the collection of suspended sediment and organic matter. In low-gradient streams, the Streamside collectors are pumped out and can easily be backflushed or zeroed with no safety hazard (i.e. no need to enter a flooded stream). In higher-gradient streams, a siphon removal system will work continuously with a localized drop adequate to flush the sediments (e.g. 1.5 1 s -1 through a 600 mm wide collector, using a 50 mm hose). The outlet hose allows samples to be collected safely from the bank, even under high flow-conditions and for any desired sample period (seconds to months). The collectors can continue to operate unattended and can stockpile bed load material for later sieve analyses. For medium and large gravel, cobble and even boulders, much larger Streamside Systems' bed load collectors utilize removable hopper assemblies downstream from the pumpout or siphon hopper for fines. This is a clear design advantage over pit traps for large material, in that fine sediments are removed on a continuous basis and will not fill the collector basin(s) intended for coarser material. In contrast to small (76 or 152 mm wide) bed load samplers used for short-duration samples, Streamside Systems' bed load samplers can virtually eliminate subsample variability by targeting total bed load over extended periods.
Elementary school teachers’ behavioral intentions for healthy nutrition

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of elementary school teachers’ psychological factors on their behavioral intentions for healthy nutrition in their daily life within an extended version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Design/methodology/approach The design of the study is correlation study. Findings Constructs in the proposal model formed accounted for of variance of intentions and behaviors successfully. Considering the entire proposed model, while personal norm is the most influential factor on intention, self-identity is the most consistent effects on teachers’ behavior. However, among the constructs of TPB, perceived behavioral control is the strongest influence on both intention and behavior. Originality/value In the literature, factors affecting healthy behaviors by using TPB focused on mainly children (8–10 year old) and adolescents (11–16 year old) all over the world. However, in some countries, several studies were conducted on adults (e.g. Astrøsm and Rise, 2001; Brouwer and Mosack, 2015), to the best of our knowledge, while there is no study conducted on adults including teachers in Turkey. In addition, recently, two meta-analysis studies were published: Riebl et al. (2015) and Mcdermott et al. (2015). These studies suggested that future studies related to healthy nutrition in the scope of TPB should be continued to investigate.
Portable Multi-focal Visual Evoked Potential Diagnostics for Multiple Sclerosis/Optic Neuritis patients

Purpose: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neuro-inflammatory disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS) in which the body's immune system attacks and destroys myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers and causes disruption in axonal signal transmission. Demyelinating Optic Neuritis (ON) is often a manifestation of MS and involves inflammation of the optic nerve. ON can cause vision loss, pain and discomfort in the eyes, and difficulties in color perception. In this study, we developed NeuroVEP, a portable, wireless diagnostic system that delivers visual stimuli through a smartphone in a headset and measures evoked potentials at the visual cortex from near the O1, Oz, O2, O9 and O10 locations on the scalp (extended 10-20 system) using custom electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes. Methods: Each test session is constituted by a short 2.5-minute full-field visual evoked potentials (ffVEP) test, followed by a 12.5-minute multifocal VEP (mfVEP) test. The ffVEP test evaluates the integrity of the visual pathway by analyzing the P1 (also known as P100) component of responses from each eye, while the mfVEP test evaluates 36 individual regions of the visual field for abnormalities. Extensive signal processing, feature extraction methods, and machine learning algorithms were explored for analyzing the mfVEP responses. The results of the ffVEP test for patients were evaluated against normative data collected from a group of subjects with normal vision. Custom visual stimuli with simulated defects were used to validate the mfVEP results which yielded 91% accuracy of classification. Results: 20 subjects, 10 controls and 10 with MS and/or ON were tested with the NeuroVEP device and a standard-of-care (SOC) VEP testing device which delivers only ffVEP stimuli. In 91% of the cases, the ffVEP results agreed between NeuroVEP and SOC device. Where available, the NeuroVEP mfVEP results were in good agreement with Humphrey Automated Perimetry visual field analysis. The lesion locations deduced from the mfVEP data were consistent with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) findings. Conclusion: This pilot study indicates that NeuroVEP has the potential to be a reliable, portable, and objective diagnostic device for electrophysiology and visual field analysis for neuro-visual disorders. Keywords: Multi-Focal Visual Evoked Potential (mfVEP), Full-Field Visual Evoked Potential (ffVEP), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Optic Neuritis, Machine Learning, Signal Processing, Portable Diagnostics, Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Patterns of humus forms and vegetation in managed Norway spruce forests at Hochwechsel (Austria)

This study was started in order to overcome difficulties in interpreting humus forming processes in managed Norway spruce forests at Hochwechsel (Austria). The spatial diversity of humus horizons was characterized by micro-site parameters. Humus descriptions were based on morphological and chemical characters, and vegetation relevees. Classification of micro-sites gave 20 types representing different humus building processes which are mainly triggered by micro-site environmental factors and growth strategies of plant species dominating in the understory.
Study on Multi-Source Localization of Wireless Sensor Network Based on Quantitative Information

Against the problem that quantitative localization is concentrated on single-source localization, this paper studies the quantitative multi-source localization methods based on wireless sensor network. Firstly, the log-quantization strategy which reflects the characteristics of acoustic source is proposed. The sensor node transmits the quantized information to base station according to the measurements and log-quantization strategy. Secondly the based station estimates the location of the sources according to the proposed method termed as multiple source localization based on possibilistic C means clustering algorithm. Finally the efficient of the proposed method is verified by the simulation under different parameters. The simulation results show that the proposed method could accurately estimate the location of source. And the proposed method is robust to the packet loss rate.
Deploying a national clinical text processing infrastructure

Abstract Objectives Clinical text processing offers a promising avenue for improving multiple aspects of healthcare, though operational deployment remains a substantial challenge. This case report details the implementation of a national clinical text processing infrastructure within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Methods Two foundational use cases, cancer case management and suicide and overdose prevention, illustrate how text processing can be practically implemented at scale for diverse clinical applications using shared services. Results Insights from these use cases underline both commonalities and differences, providing a replicable model for future text processing applications. Conclusions This project enables more efficient initiation, testing, and future deployment of text processing models, streamlining the integration of these use cases into healthcare operations. This project implementation is in a large integrated health delivery system in the United States, but we expect the lessons learned to be relevant to any health system, including smaller local and regional health systems in the United States.
A novel 11 base pair deletion in KMT2C resulting in Kleefstra syndrome 2

Abstract Background Haploinsufficiency of the Lysine Methyltransferase 2C (KMT2C) gene results in the autosomal dominant disorder, Kleefstra syndrome 2. It is an extremely rare neurodevelopmental condition, with 14 previous reports describing varied clinical manifestations including dysmorphic features, delayed psychomotor development and delayed growth. Methods Here, we describe a female with global developmental delay, attention deficit disorder, dyspraxia, short stature and subtle non‐specific dysmorphic features. To identify causative mutations, whole exome sequencing was performed on the proband and her younger brother with discrete clinical presentation. Results Whole exome sequencing identified a novel de novo heterozygous 11 bp deletion in KMT2C (c.1759_1769del), resulting in a frameshift mutation and early termination of the protein (p.Gln587SerfsTer7). This variant is the second‐most N‐terminal reported mutation, located 4171 amino acids upstream of the critical enzymatically active SET domain (required for chromatin modification and histone methylation). Conclusion The majority of the other reported mutations are frameshift mutations upstream of the SET domain and are predicted to result in protein truncation. It is thought that truncation of the SET domain, results functionally in an inability to modify chromatin through histone methylation. This report expands the clinical and genetic characterisation of Kleefstra syndrome 2.
Are we giving BRT passengers what they want? User preference and market segmentation in Johannesburg

The public transport systems being implemented under the DOT’s Integrated Public Transport Network (IPTN) programme generally have lower passenger demand, poorer financial performance and higher subsidy requirements than initially hoped. One cause of poor passenger attraction may be that IPTN systems do not offer sufficiently attractive services, given the other alternatives available to potential passengers. This paper examines the value proposition of IPTN systems against the stated needs and preferences of passengers, drawing on a recent combined revealed and stated preference survey of 1,200 people in the City of Johannesburg. Added validity and realism is obtained by studying actual (as opposed to hypothetical) choice behaviour in the existing BRT system. The analysis identifies distinct market segments with clearly different needs. About a quarter of current car users are persistent car captives, and opposed to using a good BRT option. Choice passengers have a very limited willingness to pay for the travel time savings procured with dedicated trunk lanes, but place much higher value on good access, higher frequencies, and, above all, the overall service quality of BRT. This suggests that future IPTN networks will maximise ridership by prioritising affordability, good network coverage, customer service, and perhaps differentiated price-service combinations – all elements that might require a shift away from the current infrastructure-heavy paradigm.
Extraintestinal Manifestations and Family History of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Increase the Risk of Pouchitis in a State-Level Epidemiology Study

INTRODUCTION: Our understanding of the epidemiology of inflammatory conditions of the pouch and effectiveness of treatment is largely based on selected populations. We created a state-level registry to evaluate the incidence of pouchitis and the effectiveness of treatments used in an initial episode of pouchitis. METHODS: In a state-level retrospective cohort of all patients undergoing proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020, we evaluated the incidence of pouchitis and compared the proportion of patients developing recurrent pouchitis and chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis according to initial antibiotic therapy. RESULTS: A total of 177 patients underwent surgery with 49 (28%) developing pouchitis within the 12 months after the final stage of IPAA. Patients with extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were significantly more likely to develop pouchitis within the first 12 months after IPAA (adjusted odds ratio 2.45, 95% confidence interval 1.03–5.81) after adjusting for family history of IBD (adjusted odds ratio 3.50, 95% 1.50–8.18). When comparing the proportion of patients who developed recurrent pouchitis or chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis with those who experienced an isolated episode of pouchitis, there were no significant differences among the initial antibiotic regimens used. DISCUSSION: In a state-level examination of outcomes after IPAA for ulcerative colitis, patients with extraintestinal manifestations of IBD were more likely to develop pouchitis; however, the initial antibiotic regimen chosen did not seem to affect long-term outcomes.
A novel biomarker of fibrofatty replacement in dystrophinopathies identified by integrating transcriptome, magnetic resonance imaging, and pathology data

Abstract Background We aimed to analyse genome‐wide transcriptome differences between Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) patients and identify biomarkers that correlate well with muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological fibrofatty replacement in both patients, which have not been reported. Methods One hundred and one male patients with dystrophinopathies (55 DMD and 46 BMD) were enrolled. Muscle‐derived genome‐wide RNA‐sequencing was performed in 31 DMD patients, 29 BMD patients, and 11 normal controls. Fibrofatty replacement was scored on muscle MRI and histological levels in all patients. A unique pipeline, single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis combined with Spearman's rank correlations (ssGSEA‐Cor) was developed to identify the most correlated gene signature for fibrofatty replacement. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) analysis, western blot analysis, and single‐nucleus RNA‐sequencing (snRNA‐seq) were performed in the remaining patients to validate the most correlated gene signature. Results Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed that 31 DMD muscles were characterized by a significant increase of inflammation/immune response and extracellular matrix remodelling compared with 29 BMD muscles (P < 0.05). The ssGSEA‐Cor pipeline revealed that the gene set of CDKN2A and CDKN2B was the most correlated gene signature for fibrofatty replacement (histological r s = 0.744, P < 0.001; MRI r s = 0.718, P < 0.001). Muscle qRT‐PCR confirmed that CDKN2A mRNA expression in both 15 DMD (median = 25.007, P < 0.001) and 12 BMD (median = 5.654, P < 0.001) patients were significantly higher than that in controls (median = 1.101), while no significant difference in CDKN2B mRNA expression was found among DMD, BMD, and control groups. In the 27 patients, muscle CDKN2A mRNA expression respectively correlated with muscle MRI (r s = 0.883, P < 0.001) and histological fibrofatty replacement (r s = 0.804, P < 0.001) and disease duration (r s = 0.645, P < 0.001) and North Star Ambulatory Assessment total scores (r s = −0.698, P < 0.001). Muscle western blot analysis confirmed that both four DMD (median = 2.958, P < 0.05) and four BMD (median = 1.959, P < 0.01) patients had a significantly higher level of CDKN2A protein expression than controls (median = 1.068). The snRNA‐seq analysis of two DMD muscles revealed that CDKN2A was mainly expressed in fibro‐adipogenic progenitors, satellite cells, and myoblasts. Conclusions We identify CDKN2A expression as a novel biomarker of fibrofatty replacement, which might be a new target for antifibrotic therapy in dystrophinopathies.
Mechanism and Determination of Parameters of Synchronous Grouting in Shield Tunneling

Based on the analysis of the mechanism of synchronous grouting in shield tunneling,the grouting pressure and grouting volume are studied by the methods of theoretic analysis and calculation.Through the studies,the method of determining grouting pressure under three key factors,that is,the relationship between grouting volume,filling ratio and advance speed,and the quantitative method for grouting pressure and grouting volume are gained.
Interictal magnetic signals in new‐onset Rolandic epilepsy may help with timing of treatment selection

Abstract Objective With research progress on Rolandic epilepsy (RE), its “benign” nature has been phased out. Clinicians are exhibiting an increasing tendency toward a more assertive treatment approach for RE. Nonetheless, in clinical practice, delayed treatment remains common because of the “self‐limiting” nature of RE. Therefore, this study aimed to identify an imaging marker to aid treatment decisions and select a more appropriate time for initiating therapy for RE. Methods We followed up with children newly diagnosed with RE, classified them into medicated and non‐medicated groups according to the follow‐up results, and compared them with matched healthy controls. Before beginning follow‐up visits, interictal magnetic data were collected using magnetoencephalography in treatment‐naïve recently diagnosed patients. The spectral power of the whole brain during initial diagnosis was determined using minimum normative estimation combined with the Welch technique. Results A difference was observed in the magnetic source intensity within the left caudal anterior cingulate and precentral and postcentral gyri in the delta band between the medicated and non‐medicated groups. The results revealed good discriminatory ability within the receiver operator characteristic curve. In the medicated group, there was a specific change in the frontotemporal magnetic source intensity, which shifted from high to low frequencies, compared with the healthy control group. Significance The intensity of the precentral gyrus magnetic source within the delta band showed good specificity. Considering the rigor of initial treatment, the intensity of the precentral gyrus magnetic source can provide some help as an imaging marker for initial RE treatment, particularly for the timing of treatment initiation.
Comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis on physical health conditions in lesbian- and bisexual-identified women compared with heterosexual-identified women

Background: Sexual minority individuals experience discrimination, leading to mental health disparities. Physical health disparities have not been examined to the same extent in systematic reviews so far. Objectives: To provide a systematic review and, where possible, meta-analyses on the prevalence of physical health conditions in sexual minority women (i.e. lesbian- and bisexual-identified women) compared to heterosexual-identified women. Design: The study design is a systematic review with meta-analyses. Data Sources and Methods: A systematic literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases was conducted on epidemiologic studies on physical health conditions, classified in the Global Burden of Disease project, published between 2000 and 2021. Meta-analyses pooling odds ratios were calculated. Results: In total, 23,649 abstracts were screened and 44 studies were included in the systematic review. Meta-analyses were run for arthritis, asthma, back pain, cancer, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes, headache disorders, heart attacks, hepatitis, hypertension, and stroke. Most significant differences in prevalence by sexual identity were found for chronic respiratory conditions, especially asthma. Overall, sexual minority women were significantly 1.5–2 times more likely to have asthma than heterosexual women. Furthermore, evidence of higher prevalence in sexual minority compared to heterosexual women was found for back pain, headaches/migraines, hepatitis B/C, periodontitis, urinary tract infections, and acne. In contrast, bisexual women had lower cancer rates. Overall, sexual minority women had lower odds of heart attacks, diabetes, and hypertension than heterosexual women (in terms of diabetes and hypertension possibly due to non-consideration of pregnancy-related conditions). Conclusion: We found evidence for physical health disparities by sexual identity. Since some of these findings rely on few comparisons only, this review emphasizes the need for routinely including sexual identity assessment in health research and clinical practice. Providing a more detailed picture of the prevalence of physical health conditions in sexual minority women may ultimately contribute to reducing health disparities.
Making Germs Visible – Assessing the Impact of a School-Based, Low-Cost Intervention on Hand Hygiene Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Children in Rural India

Handwashing with soap at critical moments is one of the most important factors in controlling the spread of germs and preventing the spread of infection. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a low-cost, school-based intervention that simulated germs and their spread on hand hygiene knowledge, attitude and practice of primary school children. Five hundred and sixty-two students from 28 rural schools were enrolled in this pre-posttest study. Endline data was collected 4 weeks after conducting the intervention at baseline. The mean scores for knowledge, attitude and practice improved significantly after the intervention (p < .05). Significant positive gains were also observed in children’s understanding of germs, the associated illness threat and washing hands with soap as a prevention mechanism. The present study suggests that entertainment-education-based interventions have the potential to improve hygiene behavior among children while being low-cost.