Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Replacement of maize with sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) tuber meal in broiler diets.

1. The nutrient composition of sweet potato tuber meal (SPM) was similar to that of maize, with the exceptions of crude protein and calcium. The crude protein content was lower (62 v 91 g/kg) and the calcium content was higher (l.9 v 0.l g/kg) in SPM. The amino acid composition, in general, favoured SPM. 2. Trypsin inhibitor activity, and the contents of oxalate and phytate-phosphorus in SPM were too low to be of any nutritional concern. 3. The apparent metabolisable energy content of SPM was determined to be similar to that of maize (14.5l V 14.45 MJ/kg). 4. The results of feeding trials showed that SPM can replace up to 400 g/kg maize in broiler diets without adverse effects in performance. The depression in weight gains observed in birds fed on a diet containing 600 g SPM/kg was related largely to lowered food intake arising from the powdery texture of SPM.
Group treatment of problem‐solving deficits in outpatients with traumatic brain injury: A randomised outcome study

Sixty higher‐level outpatients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), all at least 1 year post‐injury, were randomly assigned to either conventional group neuropsychological rehabilitation or an innovative group treatment focused on the treatment of problem‐solving deficits. Incorporating strategies for addressing underlying emotional self‐regulation and logical thinking/reasoning deficits, the innovative treatment is unique in its attention to both motivational, attitudinal, and affective processes and problem‐solving skills in persons with TBI. Participants in the innovative group improved in problem solving as assessed using a variety of measures, including (1) executive function, (2) problem‐solving self‐appraisal, (3) self‐appraised emotional self‐regulation and clear thinking, and (4) objective observer ratings of roleplayed scenarios. These improvements were maintained at follow‐up. Baseline performance on timed attention tasks was related to improvement; individuals who processed the most slowly benefited the most. These participants did not show improvements on timed attention tasks, but did improve on problem‐solving measures. Such findings are consistent with successful compensatory strategy use—the person may still have deficits and symptoms, but now has effective strategies for reducing their impact on daily functioning.
Some General Considerations about the Clinicopathologic Aspects of Soft Tissue Tumors in Children and Adolescents

Soft tissue tumors in children and adolescents are an important group of neoplasms, pseudoneoplasms, and tumefactive malformations with some distinctive clinicopathologic, genetic, syndromic, and therapeutic implications. In addition to the basic pathologic examination, there is the availability of diagnostic adjuncts in various settings based upon the histopathologic features that facilitate and/or corroborate a diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, and an ever-increasing array of new technologies are available to address specific diagnostic questions and even potential therapeutic strategies. This review focuses upon some of the unique aspects of soft tissue tumors in children, including the classification, approach to the diagnosis, grading, clinical and pathologic staging, therapy-related changes, pathogenesis, and risk factors.
Adaptation of walking ground reaction forces to changes in ground stiffness properties

When unexpected stiffness changes of the ground surface occur while walking, the central nervous system needs to apply appropriate control actions to assure dynamic stability. Many studies in the motor control field have investigated the mechanisms of such a postural control and have widely described how centre of mass trajectories, step patterns and muscle activity adapt to avoid loss of balance. However, considerably less attention has been given to the role of the ground reaction forces. The aim of this study was to examine how ground reaction forces adapt when stepping on a soft, compliant surface. Differently from the classical methods to record ground reaction forces based on the use of force platforms positioned at fix locations along the walking path, here we used instrumented shoes, each one equipped with a pair of 3D force torque and motion units under the sole. Preliminary results showed that when stepping over the soft ground participants actively modulated the ground reaction forces under the supporting foot in order to exploit the elastic and compliant properties of the surface to dampen the impact and to likely dissipate the mechanical energy accumulated during the “fall” onto the new compliant surface. Interestingly, this motor strategy emerged already in the first trial, when participants experienced the transition for the first time. We believe that the results presented in this study may be helpful for the development of new control policies to improve stability in humanoid robotic locomotion.
Cognitive improvement after treatment with second-generation antipsychotic medications in first-episode schizophrenia: is it a practice effect?

CONTEXT Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is frequent, involves multiple domains, and is enduring. Numerous recent clinical trials have suggested that second-generation antipsychotic medications significantly enhance cognition in schizophrenia. However, none of these studies included healthy controls undergoing repeated testing to assess the possibility that improvements might reflect simple practice effects. OBJECTIVE To report the results on cognition of a randomized comparison of 2 widely prescribed second-generation antipsychotic medications, olanzapine and risperidone, in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and a healthy control group. DESIGN Randomized clinical trial. SETTING Hospital-based research units. Patients A total of 104 participants with first-episode schizophrenia and 84 healthy controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cognitive assessment of all study participants occurred at baseline, 6 weeks later, and 16 weeks later. Neurocognitive tests included measures of working memory and attention, speed, motor function, episodic memory, and executive function. RESULTS No differential drug effects were observed. Of 16 cognitive measures, 9 demonstrated improvement over time and only 2 demonstrated greater rates of change than those observed in the healthy control group undergoing repeated assessment. The composite effect size for cognitive change was 0.33 in the healthy control group (attributed to practice) and 0.36 in the patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Improvements in cognition in the first-episode schizophrenia group could not be accounted for by medication dose, demographic variables, or intellectual level. CONCLUSIONS The cognitive improvements observed in the trial were consistent in magnitude with practice effects observed in healthy controls, suggesting that some of the improvements in cognition in the first-episode schizophrenia group may have been due to practice effects (ie, exposure, familiarity, and/or procedural learning). Our results also indicated that differential medication effects on cognition were small. We believe that these findings have important implications for drug discovery and the design of registration trials that attempt to demonstrate cognitive enhancement.
A Posteriori Error Estimation for DEIM Reduced Nonlinear Dynamical Systems

In this work an efficient approach for a posteriori error estimation for POD-DEIM reduced nonlinear dynamical systems is introduced. The considered nonlinear systems may also include time- and parameter-affine linear terms as well as parametrically dependent inputs and outputs. The reduction process involves a Galerkin projection of the full system and approximation of the system's nonlinearity by the DEIM method [S. Chaturantabut and D. C. Sorensen, SIAM J. Sci. Comput. , 32 (2010), pp. 2737--2764]. The proposed a posteriori error estimator can be efficiently decomposed in an offline/online fashion and is obtained by a one-dimensional auxiliary ODE during reduced simulations. Key elements for efficient online computation are partial similarity transformations and matrix-DEIM approximations of the nonlinearity Jacobians. The theoretical results are illustrated by application to an unsteady Burgers equation and a cell apoptosis model.
Transformer-Based Multi-Dimensional Encoding and Multi-Level Reconstruction Network for Hyperspectral Denoising

A hyperspectral image denoising network based on Transformer with multi-dimensional encoding and multilevel reconstruction is proposed in this paper. The network aims to extract spatial and spectral information more effectively from hyperspectral images and improve the image reconstruction performance. Specifically, a combination of 2D and 3D convolutions is employed for feature extraction. Multidimensional encoding is utilized to preserve the integrity of the encoded information. The image denoising quality is enhanced through a multilevel transformer reconstruction approach. Additionally, residual structures are introduced in the network to enhance the restoration of image details and further improve the denoising performance. Extensive experiments on a large dataset for hyperspectral image denoising demonstrate that the network achieves cutting-edge visual effects and objective assessment criteria under various noise settings.
Agomelatine: The evidence for its place in the treatment of depression

Introduction: Depressive disorders are among the main causes of disability due to disease. In spite of recent progress in the pharmacotherapy of depression, there is still a high nonresponse rate of ∼30% to the first antidepressant treatment. Furthermore, the latency of several weeks until sufficient clinical improvement and the risk of side effects remain unresolved problems. Therefore, there is still further need for the development of new antidepressants. In the last years a variety of melatonin receptor agonists have been synthesized and evaluated for the treatment of sleep disorders. Animal studies suggested that agomelatine (S-20098), a synthetic melatonergic MT1 and MT2 receptor agonist with serotonin receptor antagonistic properties, may have additional activating properties and may represent a new approach in the treatment of depression. Aims: Clinical trials that have demonstrated efficacy and safety of agomelatine for the treatment of depression are reviewed. Evidence review: In clinical trials, including phase III studies, superior efficacy compared to placebo and good efficacy compared to standard antidepressants was shown for agomelatine for the acute treatment of major depression. In all studies published so far agomelatine was safe and the overall tolerability profile was superior to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Place in therapy: Agomelatine may represent a novel perspective in the treatment of acute depression. The improvement of sleep disturbances, the tolerability in terms of sexual side effects, and the lack of withdrawal symptoms after abrupt discontinuation of treatment may represent important clinical benefits compared to established antidepressants.
An adaptive route optimization scheme for nested mobile IPv6 NEMO environment

We address the route optimization problem for a nested mobile IPv6 NEtwork MObility (NEMO) environment. We propose an adaptive scheme which can optimize the routing process of the data communication, and minimize the end-to-end delay. The adaptive scheme consists of two sub-schemes: mobility-transparency sub-scheme and time-saving sub-scheme. The mobility-transparency sub-scheme performs well for the high mobility scenarios, while the time-saving sub-scheme performs well for the low mobility and large communication traffic scenarios. A threshold is used to determine which sub-scheme should be applied for the current situation. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can reduce the end-to-end delay of data communication for nested mobile IPv6 NEMO environment significantly.
Aggresome formation is regulated by RanBPM through an interaction with HDAC6

ABSTRACT In conditions of proteasomal impairment, the build-up of damaged or misfolded proteins activates a cellular response leading to the recruitment of damaged proteins into perinuclear aggregates called aggresomes. Aggresome formation involves the retrograde transport of cargo proteins along the microtubule network and is dependent on the histone deacetylase HDAC6. Here we show that ionizing radiation (IR) promotes Ran-Binding Protein M (RanBPM) relocalization into discrete perinuclear foci where it co-localizes with aggresome components ubiquitin, dynein and HDAC6, suggesting that the RanBPM perinuclear clusters correspond to aggresomes. RanBPM was also recruited to aggresomes following treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 and the DNA-damaging agent etoposide. Strikingly, aggresome formation by HDAC6 was markedly impaired in RanBPM shRNA cells, but was restored by re-expression of RanBPM. RanBPM was found to interact with HDAC6 and to inhibit its deacetylase activity. This interaction was abrogated by a RanBPM deletion of its LisH/CTLH domain, which also prevented aggresome formation, suggesting that RanBPM promotes aggresome formation through an association with HDAC6. Our results suggest that RanBPM regulates HDAC6 activity and is a central regulator of aggresome formation.
Reliability of Submodules in Modular Multilevel Converters Considering Periodic Preventive Maintenance for MVDC Applications

Due to the reduced number of sub-modules (SMs), modular multilevel converters (MMCs) for medium-voltage DC (MVDC) networks are unable to offer the same level of redun-dancy as high-voltage DC (HVDC) systems. Therefore, reliability becomes a novel challenge in the design of converters for MVDC applications. To ensure the proper operation of converters, periodic preventive maintenance (PPM) has been implemented in MMCs. Taking into account the maintenance interval and redundant design, this work provides an evaluation of converter reliability with multiple SM topologies. It is demonstrated that, the three-level SMs can provide higher reliability than two-level SMs and the converters operating under active redundant scheme require a more frequent maintenance than passive mode. Based on the analysis, the optimal redundancy design can be identified with a specific maintenance strategy for each SM topology.
Analysis on the clinical and endoscopic parameters in 1247 patients with reflux esophagitis

Aim: To summarize and analyze the clinical and endoscopic parameters in patients with reflux esophagitis(RE). Methods：1247 patients with RE were diagnosed in our hospital endoscopy center from September 2010 to August 2012. The general information of the patients and the relationship between endoscopic classification and concomitant diseases were analyzed. Results: According to the endoscopic findings, 1247 subjects (4.70%) were found to have RE：932 (74.74%) males and 315 (25.26%) females, and the male to female ratio was 2.96:1. The peak age of prevalence was 50 to 59 (27.35%) which is followed by 40 to 49 (23.10%). In this study, most of the patients had a mild degree of esophagitis representing LA-A in 60.63% and LA-B in 34.24%. The antrum hyperemia was found in 291 patients with esophagitis (23.34%), followed by antrum erosion (20.13%) and hatal hernia (15.88%). There is no statistically significant relevance between Helicobacter pylori infection and RE (P > 0.05), but Barrett’s esophagus, duodenal ulcer, gastroesophageal tumors, a history of gastroesophageal surgery and antrum hyperemia were found to be associated with RE (P . Conclusion: The prevalence rate of endoscopic RE in our study was 4.70%, and most patients had a mild grade esophagitis. Male, advanced age, Barrett’s esophagus, duodenal ulcer, gastroesophageal tumors and a history of gastroesophageal surgery are the risk factors of esophagitis. Antrum hyperemia may reduce the severity of RE.
Ethanol production by Zymomonas mobilis in fed‐batch fermentations

The production of ethanol by Zymomonas mobilis NRRL B‐4286 was studied in fed‐batch cultures. Initial percent (w/v) glucose, rate of feed, and quantity of 50%; (w/v) glucose feed were varied. Glucose inhibition of growth rate occurred at concentrations greater than 8% (w/) Feed was begun after 4 h incubation. Feed volume was ca. 36%; of starting batch volume to get ca. 10%; (w/v) ethanol at harvest. The range of feed rates studied varied from 16%; batch volume/h (glucose concentration increased to an inhibitory level) to 4%; batch volume/h (glucose concentration dropped rapidly to zero and was limiting). Increasing feed volume to 46%; of starting volume at the best feed rate (ca. 10%; feed volume/h) increased final ethanol concentration to 11.3%; (w/v). However, the resultant increase in fermentation time from ca. 21 to 29 h decreased ethanol volumetric productivity from 5.2 to 4.6 g/L h.
Transformed Schatten-1 iterative thresholding algorithms for low rank matrix completion

We study a non-convex low-rank promoting penalty function, the transformed Schatten-1 (TS1), and its applications in matrix completion. The TS1 penalty, as a matrix quasi-norm defined on its singular values, interpolates the rank and the nuclear norm through a nonnegative parameter a. We consider the unconstrained TS1 regularized low-rank matrix recovery problem and develop a fixed point representation for its global minimizer. The TS1 thresholding functions are in closed analytical form for all parameter values. The TS1 threshold values differ in subcritical (supercritical) parameter regime where the TS1 threshold functions are continuous (discontinuous). We propose TS1 iterative thresholding algorithms and compare them with some state-of-the-art algorithms on matrix completion test problems. For problems with known rank, a fully adaptive TS1 iterative thresholding algorithm consistently performs the best under different conditions with ground truth matrix being multivariate Gaussian at varying covariance. For problems with unknown rank, TS1 algorithms with an additional rank estimation procedure approach the level of IRucL-q which is an iterative reweighted algorithm, non-convex in nature and best in performance.
IL-21 and IL-6 Are Critical for Different Aspects of B Cell Immunity and Redundantly Induce Optimal Follicular Helper CD4 T Cell (Tfh) Differentiation

Cytokines are important modulators of lymphocytes, and both interleukin-21 (IL-21) and IL-6 have proposed roles in T follicular helper (Tfh) differentiation, and directly act on B cells. Here we investigated the absence of IL-6 alone, IL-21 alone, or the combined lack of IL-6 and IL-21 on Tfh differentiation and the development of B cell immunity in vivo. C57BL/6 or IL-21−/− mice were treated with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against IL-6 throughout the course of an acute viral infection (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, LCMV). The combined absence of IL-6 and IL-21 resulted in reduced Tfh differentiation and reduced Bcl6 protein expression. In addition, we observed that these cytokines had a large impact on antigen-specific B cell responses. IL-6 and IL-21 collaborate in the acute T-dependent antiviral antibody response (90% loss of circulating antiviral IgG in the absence of both cytokines). In contrast, we observed reduced germinal center formation only in the absence of IL-21. Absence of IL-6 had no impact on germinal centers, and combined absence of both IL-21 and IL-6 revealed no synergistic effect on germinal center B cell development. Studying CD4 T cells in vitro, we found that high IL-21 production was not associated with high Bcl6 or CXCR5 expression. TCR stimulation of purified naïve CD4 T cells in the presence of IL-6 also did not result in Tfh differentiation, as determined by Bcl6 or CXCR5 protein expression. Cumulatively, our data indicates that optimal Tfh formation requires IL-21 and IL-6, and that cytokines alone are insufficient to drive Tfh differentiation.
Prescribed and self‐reported seasonal training of distance runners

A survey of 123 distance‐running coaches and their best runners was undertaken to describe prescribed seasonal training and its relationship to the performance and self‐reported training of the runners. The runners were 43 females and 80 males, aged 24 ± 8 years (mean ± S.D.), training for events from 800 m to the marathon, with seasonal best paces of 86 ± 6% of sex‐ and age‐group world records. The coaches and runners completed a questionnaire on typical weekly volumes of interval and strength training, and typical weekly volumes and paces of moderate and hard continuous running, for build‐up, pre‐competition, competition and post‐competition phases of a season. Prescribed training decreased in volume and increased in intensity from the build‐up through to the competition phase, and had similarities with ‘long slow distance’ training. Coaches of the faster runners prescribed longer build‐ups, greater volumes of moderate continuous running and slower relative paces of continuous running (r = 0.19–0.36, P<.
Bloom's syndrome protein is required for correct relocalization of RAD50/MRE11/NBS1 complex after replication fork arrest

Bloom's syndrome (BS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a broad range of symptoms and, most importantly, a predisposition to many types of cancers. Cells derived from patients with BS exhibit an elevated rate of somatic recombination and hypermutability, supporting a role for bleomycin (BLM) in the maintenance of genomic integrity. BLM is thought to participate in several DNA transactions, the failure of which could give raise to genomic instability, and to interact with many proteins involved in replication, recombination, and repair. In this study, we show that BLM function is specifically required to properly relocalize the RAD50/MRE11/NBS1 (RMN) complex at sites of replication arrest, but is not essential in the activation of BRCA1 either after stalled replication forks or γ-rays. We also provide evidence that BLM is phosphorylated after replication arrest in an Ataxia and RAD3-related protein (ATR)-dependent manner and that phosphorylation is not required for subnuclear relocalization. Therefore, in ATR dominant negative mutant cells, the assembly of the RMN complex in nuclear foci after replication blockage is almost completely abolished. Together, these results suggest a relationship between BLM, ATR, and the RMN complex in the response to replication arrest, proposing a role for BLM protein and RMN complex in the resolution of stalled replication forks.
Error Cascades in Collective Behavior

The gradient, or hop count, algorithm is inspired by natural phenomena such as the morphogen gradients present in multi-cellular development. It has several applications in multi-agent systems and sensor networks, serving as a basis for self-organized coordinate system formation, and finding shortest paths for message passing. It is a simple and wellunderstood algorithm in theory. However, we show here that in practice, it is highly sensitive to specific rare errors that emerge at larger scales. We implement it on a system of 1000 physical agents (Kilobot robots) that communicate asynchronously via a noisy wireless channel. We observe that spontaneous, short-lasting rare errors made by a single agent (e.g. due to message corruption) propagate spatially and temporally, causing cascades that severely hinder the algorithm’s functionality. We develop a mathematical model for temporal error propagation and validate it with experiments on 100 agents. This work shows how multiagent algorithms that are believed to be simple and robust from theoretical insight may be highly challenging to implement on physical systems. Systematically understanding and quantifying their current limitations is a first step in the direction of improving their robustness for implementation.