Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generalization Bounds of Regularization Algorithms Derived Simultaneously through Hypothesis Space Complexity, Algorithmic Stability and Data Quality

A main issue in machine learning research is to analyze the generalization performance of a learning machine. Most classical results on the generalization performance of regularization algorithms are derived merely with the complexity of hypothesis space or the stability property of a learning algorithm. However, in practical applications, the performance of a learning algorithm is not actually affected only by an unitary factor just like the complexity of hypothesis space, stability of the algorithm and data quality. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a framework of evaluating the generalization performance of regularization algorithms combinatively in terms of hypothesis space complexity, algorithmic stability and data quality. We establish new bounds on the learning rate of regularization algorithms based on the measure of uniform stability and empirical covering number for general type of loss functions. As applications of the generic results, we evaluate the learning rates of support vector machine.
Enhanced Widely Linear Filtering to Make Quasi-Rectilinear Signals Almost Equivalent to Rectilinear Ones for SAIC/MAIC

Widely linear (WL) receivers have the capability to perform single antenna interference cancellation (SAIC) of one rectilinear (R) or quasi-rectilinear (QR) co-channel interference (CCI), a function which is operational in global system for mobile communications (GSM) handsets in particular. Moreover, SAIC technology for QR signals is still required for voice services over adaptive multiuser channels on one slot (VAMOS) standard, a recent evolution of both GSM and enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE) standards, to mitigate legacy GSM CCI in particular. It is also required for filter bank multicarrier offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-OQAM) networks, which are candidate for 5G mobile networks, to mitigate intercarrier interference at reception for frequency selective propagation channels in particular. In this context, the purpose of this paper is twofold. The first one is to get more insights into the existing SAIC technology, and its extension to multiple antenna called multiple antenna interference cancellation (MAIC), by showing analytically that, contrary to what is accepted as true in the literature, SAIC/MAIC implemented from standard WL filtering may be less efficient for QR signals than for R ones. From this result, the second purpose of the paper is to propose and to analyze, for QR signals and frequency selective fading channels, an SAIC/MAIC enhancement based on a three-input WL frequency shift receiver, making QR signals always almost equivalent to R ones for WL filtering in the presence of CCI. The results of the paper, completely new, may contribute to develop elsewhere new powerful WL receivers for QR signals and for both VAMOS and FBMC-OQAM networks in particular.
Secure Information Flow in Java via Reachability Analysis of Pushdown System

Automated verification of noninterference is commonly considered more precise than type-based approach on enforcing secure information flow for program. We propose an approach on model checking symbolic pushdown system generated from Java bytecode, and develop a deployment-time verification framework to ensure noninterference of bytecode. In order to overcome the constraints brought by the nature of object-oriented language and application scenario, we extend self-composition to low-recorded self-composition to reduce the partial correctness judgements on safety property to reachability analysis. In this variation, meta-level indices of heap are recorded into the self-composed pushdown system for the construction of auxiliary interleaving assignments and branch condition to illegal-flow state. Our experiments show that the approach is more scalable than previous work based on automated verification.
The SF6 Decomposition Mechanism: Background and Significance

Additional information available the chapter Abstract Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) has been widely used in substations. The insulating medium used in GIS is sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) gas. However, the internal insulation defect existed in GIS would inevitably lead to partial discharge (PD), and cause the com-position of SF 6 to SOF 2 , SO2F 2 and SO 2 and other characteristic component gases. The decomposition phenomenon would greatly reduce the insulation performance of SF 6 insulated equipment, and even paralyze the whole power supply system. In this chap- ter, we first discuss the objective existence, decomposition mechanism and harmness of insulation defects. Then the methods for insulation defects detection used to avoid the insulation accidents are introduced. Comparing all of the detection methods, diagnosing the insulation defect through analyzing the decomposed gases of SF 6 by chemical gas sensors is the optimal method due to its advantages, such as high detection accuracy and stability, signifying the importance of developing chemical gas sensor used in SF6 insu - lated equipment. In conclusion, there kinds of gas sensor material, carbon nanotubes, graphene, are chosen as the gas sensing materials to build specific gas sensors for detect ing each kind of SF 6 decomposed gases, and then enhance the gas sensitivity and selectiv- ity by material modification.
A Survey on Access Control in Fog Computing

Fog computing has emerged as an attractive solution to the distributed application of the Internet of Things, and could provide low-latency, highly mobile, and geo-distributed services distinguished from the cloud. While fog computing offers numerous benefits, it also faces various security challenges, of which access control is one of the fundamental requirements since it is concerned with authorizing users to access resources in the open fog environment. This article provides a comprehensive survey of access control of users' data in the environment of fog computing with the aim of highlighting security problems and challenges. It discusses the definition, architecture, and characteristics of fog computing, based on which typical requirements and essential models of access control are addressed. Finally, it highlights known access control schemes in the environment of fog computing, and identifies existing unresolved problems as future directions.
Predicting and Estimating the Accuracy of a Subpixel Registration Algorithm

It is shown that an efficient practical registration algorithm previously described by H.G. Barrow et al. (1977) can provide high-accuracy registration. Experiments with a quantized video image of a solid triangle yielded registration that was accurate to 3% of the interpixel spacing (i.e. accurate to 0.5 mils) in the x and y directions and 0.015 degrees in rotation. It may also be important to predict the accuracy in advance, to see whether specifications can be met and to estimate accuracy during registration, in order to control quality. The authors provide practical formulas for both purposes for two kinds of image point data: edge detection (ED) data and direct measurement (DM) data. In two experiments using ED data, the predicted, estimated, and observed accuracies are all in agreement. The prediction theory developed suggests five precautions to avoid loss of registration accuracy. Perhaps most important is Precaution c, the necessity of the ED case not to have a large fraction of the total segment length of the model aligned with the horizontal or vertical directions of the pixel grid. When the model consists largely of horizontal and vertical segments, a good way to observe this precaution is to tilt the pixel grid a few degrees away from perfect alignment, e.g. by tilting the video camera. A third experiment verifies that violating Precaution c can seriously degrade accuracy. >
Knowledge, Normative Beliefs and Attitudes Related to Recent HIV Infection among People who Inject Drugs in Athens, Greece.

BACKGROUND Despite great improvements in prevention over the last years, much has to be done to reduce new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. Substantial evidence shows that the six-month period of recent HIV infection contributes disproportionately to HIV transmission. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate knowledge, normative beliefs, and attitudes of people who inject drugs (PWID) regarding recent HIV infection. METHODS People who inject drugs in Athens, Greece were recruited in the fifth round of a respondent- driven sampling program (ARISTOTLE). The participants were tested for HIV and answered a structured questionnaire, which also included items on knowledge, normative beliefs, and attitudes regarding recent infection to address needs of the social network-based Transmission Reduction Intervention Project. The multivariable analyses included logistic regression models, which produced odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS In total, 1,407 people (mean age: 36.3 ± 7.9 years old; males: 81.9%) took part in the fifth round of ARISTOTLE. Of these, 61.5% knew that HIV-infected people who are not on treatment are more likely to transmit HIV during the first six months of their infection and 58.4% reported that people in their network would react positively towards a recently HIV-infected person. People who inject drugs who were knowledgeable of recent HIV infection were more likely to disagree with statements such as that one should avoid all contact with a person recently infected by HIV (adjusted OR: 1.510, 95% CI: 1.090, 2.091) or more likely to agree with statements such as that an HIV+ person is much less likely to transmit HIV when h/she is on combination antiretroviral treatment (adjusted OR: 2.083, 95% CI: 1.231, 3.523). CONCLUSION A considerable proportion of PWID in Athens, Greece, were aware of the high HIV transmission risk of recent HIV infection, although improvement is needed for some population segments. People who inject drugs who were knowledgeable of the role of recent HIV infection were more likely to have normative beliefs and attitudes that favor behaviors that could help rather than harm or stigmatize people who have recently been infected with HIV. Interventions that are based on the role of recent HIV infection in HIV transmission could be important to HIV prevention.
Prevention of local anesthetic systemic toxicity

There has been a resurgence in the popularity of regional anesthesia in recent years because of the increasing availability of ultrasound guidance. This journal is receiving contributions from authors administering regional anesthesia, with simultaneous multiple regional blocks in a single patient, using potentially unsafe amounts of local anesthetic (LA) agents. There is a false perception among most surgeons and some anesthesiologists that regional anesthesia is “safer” than general anesthesia. Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) remains a real danger of regional anesthesia. Though its incidence is less than 0.2%,[1] LAST is difficult to treat and is potentially fatal. Prevention of LAST should be ensured during all regional anesthetic procedures.
Number of olfactory receptor neurons in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle

The olfactory organ of turtle consists of the upper chamber epithelium (UCE) and the lower chamber epithelium (LCE), detecting air-borne odorants and water-borne odorants, respectively. In this study, we investigated the number of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the UCE and LCE of soft-shelled turtle in order to find their possible differences among terrestrial, semi-aquatic and highly-aquatic turtles. The number of ORNs in the soft-shelled turtle was higher in the LCE than in the UCE, suggesting its close relationship to the environment the turtle lives. In addition, relative abundance of the ORNs in the LCE to the UCE varied in accordance with the size of individuals, although its functional significance remains elusive.
MAPCaching: A novel mobility aware proactive caching over C-RAN

Caching at the wireless edge is a promising way to alleviate the heavy burden of the backhaul links and reduce the latency of transmission and handover. Although some effective caching schemes have been introduced to Cloud based Radio Access Network (C-RAN), most of them were designed without consideration of users' mobility. In this paper, we investigate the mobility property in cache-enabled C-RAN, and propose a mobility aware proactive caching strategy. We aim to design a novel controller, which is able to utilize the computation and storage resources in C-RAN, and responsible for making cache decision for both the baseband unit (BBU) pool and Remote Radio Head (RRH). A transmission delay model is introduced to formulate the cache placement optimization problem. To solve the problem, we propose an algorithm named MAPCaching. Numerical simulation results show that MAPCaching significantly outperforms the Greedy and EPC caching strategies in terms of average content access delay and cache hit rate by 30% and 20%, respectively.
Measurement system for wearable devices of intra-body communication using electro-optic technique

This paper describes a measurement system for a wearable device of intra-body communication, in which the human body is used as a transmission medium. An instrument driven by AC power overestimates a voltage signal around the human body received by the wearable device, preventing precise measurements from being performed. We developed a new measurement system using an electro-optic technique to enable precise measurements. The wearable device is electrically isolated from the instrument. The measurement system has a bandwidth from 10 kHz to 20 MHz and a 40-dB signal-to-noise ratio at a wearable transmitter output voltage of 0.36 V.
Association between type 1 and type 2 diabetes with periodontal disease and tooth loss.

AIM The aim of this study was to determine whether both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with increased prevalence and extent of periodontal disease and tooth loss compared with non-diabetic subjects within a homogeneous adult study population. MATERIAL AND METHODS T1DM, T2DM and non-diabetic subjects were recruited from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania. Additionally, T1DM subjects were retrieved from a Diabetes Centre. The total study population comprised 145 T1DM and 2647 non-diabetic subjects aged 20-59 years, and 182 T2DM and 1314 non-diabetic subjects aged 50-81 years. Periodontal disease was assessed by attachment loss (AL) and the number of missing teeth. RESULTS Multivariable regression revealed an association between T1DM (p<0.001) and T2DM (p<0.01) with mean AL after full adjustment. After age stratification (p=0.04 for interaction), the effect of T2DM was only statistically significant in the 60-69-year-old subjects (B=0.90 (95% confidence intervals [95% CI]; 0.49, 1.31). T1DM was positively associated with tooth loss (adjusted, p<0.001). The association between T2DM and tooth loss was statistically significant only for females (odds ratios=1.60 [95% CI: 1.10, 2.33]). CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed an association between both T1DM and T2DM with periodontitis and tooth loss. Therefore, oral health education should be promoted in diabetic subjects.
Does Time-to-Chemotherapy Impact the Outcomes of Resected Ovarian Cancer? Meta-analysis of Randomized and Observational Data

Objectives This study is a meta-analysis of prior publications evaluating the impact of time-to-chemotherapy (TTC) on disease recurrence and survival 3 years after the original surgery. Methods We performed a meta-analysis of studies published in PubMed (1950–2016) as of April 2016. Inclusion criteria were as follows: randomized controlled trials and prospective or retrospective cohorts that included patients with ovarian cancer who had undergone surgery with curative intent and use of adjuvant chemotherapy. We compared rates of disease recurrence and death according to the TTC (“early” vs “delayed”) using a random-effects model and performed a metaregression to evaluate the impact of covariates on these outcomes. Results Of 239 abstracts in the original search, 12 were considered eligible. The cutoffs used for TTC were between 20 and 40 days. All studies used a platinum-based chemotherapy, and the rates of patients with suboptimal resection varied from 33% to 70%. A longer TTC was not associated with higher rates of disease recurrence (odds ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.63–1.24) or death at 3 years (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.9–1.24). There was no evidence of significant publication bias (Egger test P = 0.472), but data were heterogeneous (I2 = 64.3%). Metaregression showed that the percentage of patients with suboptimal surgery and values used as cutoff to define “delayed” chemotherapy combined were a significant source of bias (residual I2 = 0%). Conclusions In our analysis, TTC after surgery for ovarian cancer with curative intent was not associated with higher risk of disease recurrence or death. However, this association was influenced by the rate of optimal debulking and definition of “late” initiation of chemotherapy, so we must be careful when applying these data to patients with complete resection.
Climate Variability and Radiocarbon in the CM 2 Mc Earth System Model

The distribution of radiocarbon (C) in the ocean and atmosphere has fluctuated on time scales ranging from seasons to millennia. It is thought that these fluctuations partly reflect variability in the climate system, offering a rich potential source of information to help understand mechanisms of past climate change. Here, a long simulationwith a new, coupledmodel is used to explore themechanisms that redistribute Cwithin the earth system on interannual to centennial time scales. The model, the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ClimateModel version 2 (GFDL CM2) with Modular OceanModel version 4p1(MOM4p1) at coarseresolution (CM2Mc), is a lower-resolution version of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory’s CM2M model, uses no flux adjustments, and is run here with a simple prognostic ocean biogeochemistry model including C. The atmospheric C and radiative boundary conditions are held constant so that the oceanic distribution of C is only a function of internal climate variability. The simulation displays previously described relationships between tropical sea surface C and the model equivalents of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Indonesian Throughflow. Sea surface C variability also arises from fluctuations in the circulations of the subarctic Pacific and SouthernOcean, includingNorth Pacific decadal variability and episodic ventilation events in the Weddell Sea that are reminiscent of the Weddell Polynya of 1974–76. Interannual variability in the air–sea balance of C is dominated by exchange within the belt of intense ‘‘Southern Westerly’’ winds, rather than at the convective locations where the surface C is most variable. Despite significant interannual variability, the simulated impact on air–sea exchange is an order of magnitude smaller than the recorded atmospheric C variability of the past millennium. This result partly reflects the importance of variability in the production rate of C in determining atmospheric C but may also reflect an underestimate of natural climate variability, particularly in the Southern Westerly winds.
Can Common Measures of Core Stability Distinguish Performance in a Shoulder Pressing Task Under Stable and Unstable Conditions?

Keogh, JWL, Aickin, SE, and Oldham, ARH. Can common measures of core stability distinguish performance in a shoulder pressing task under stable and unstable conditions? J Strength Cond Res 24(2): 422-429, 2010-The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether a range of static core stability (CS) measures could distinguish shoulder press performance in unstable vs. stable conditions. Thirty resistance-trained men gave informed consent to participate in this study. One-repetition maximum strength (from < 6 repetitions) was predicted in the seated shoulder dumbbell press performed in unstable (Swiss ball[SB]) and stable (back-support bench) environments. Three CS muscle endurance tests were performed, with 4 CS ratios also calculated. The degree of strength decrement, referred to as the instability strength level (ISL), was calculated by dividing the predicted 1RM Unstable score by the 1RM Stable score. All subjects were categorized as high (ISL > 0.90), moderate (0.85 ≤ ISL ≤ 0.90), or low (ISL < 0.85). Between-group differences for the high- and low-ISL groups were assessed using analysis of variance and effect sizes. Pearson product moment correlations were then performed to examine the relationships between the CS measures and the ISL for the entire group. No significant between-group differences (p = 0.132-0.999) or large effect sizes were observed for any of the CS measures. Trunk flexion endurance was the only CS measure significantly correlated to the ISL (r = 0.477). In line with muscular strength research, these results suggest that CS exhibits relatively high levels of task specificity and that CS performance in static single-joint exercises may not be highly related to that in more dynamic multijoint activities. Core stability training (with or without a SB) may therefore only lead to significant improvements in functional dynamic performance if the postures, mode and velocity of contraction performed in training, are similar to the competitive tasks.
Level-set formulation based on otsu method with morphological regularization

Noisy image segmentation is one of the most important and challenging problem in computer vision. In this paper, we propose a level set segmentation technique inspired by the classic Otsu thresholding method. The front propagation of the proposed level set based method embeds a cost function that takes into account first-order statistical moments. In order to deal with highly noisy images, we also added a morphological step to our algorithm which led the final segmentation more robust and efficient. Tests were carried out on images artificially contaminated with Gaussian and Salt & Pepper noise patterns. The results showed that our methodology outperformed the classic Otsu thresholding algorithm and an active contour based technique in terms of the Error of Segmentation (EoS), Rate of False Positive (RFP), Rate of False Negative (RFN) and Dice evaluation measures. In addition, the designed algorithm attained a lower average computational time when compared to the active contour related method.
Nanoimprint Lithography of Multistep Loading

In this paper, a method of multistep imprint lithography process is described. Through comparing among the loading process factors, a multistep loading locus, which includes a pre-cure release of the pressing force, is proposed for the high-conformity transfer of nano-patterns from the template to the wafer. A series of imprint experiments show that the new multistep loading process can meet the needs for different pressing areas, feature sizes and repetitious imprints. This loading process can effectively reduce the residual resist thickness while maintaining a uniform residual resist and non-distorted transfer of nano-patterns to the resist-coated wafer. And a high-conformity of 100 nm feature can be achieved.