Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles Efficient RTL design of SoCWire BUS protocol

Configurable System-on-chip (SoC) approach for the Venus Express Monitoring Camera (VMC) has been successfully demonstrated in space. For future space missions e.g. Solar Orbiter, the demand for high performance onboard processing has drastically increased. To achieve these advanced design goals a Reconfigurable System-on-Chip (RSoC) architecture is proposed supported by an on chip flexible communication architecture. In order to communicate between static (which is running during the whole application runtime and stores all critical interfaces) and dynamic partial reconfiguration we design dedicated Network-on-Chip (NoC) approach called SoCWire. This SoCWire provides guaranteed system qualification with hot-plug ability, high speed point-to-point connection and support of the adaptive macro-pipeline as compared to the Bus Macros which suffers from more area and power consumptions. In this work, we present RTL mode SoCWire Codec for point to point communication. The model operates at maximum operating frequency 491 MHz.
Early Activation of MAPK p44/42 Is Partially Involved in DON-Induced Disruption of the Intestinal Barrier Function and Tight Junction Network

Deoxynivalenol (DON), produced by the plant pathogens Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum, is one of the most common mycotoxins, contaminating cereal and cereal-derived products. Although worldwide contamination of food and feed poses health threats to humans and animals, pigs are particularly susceptible to this mycotoxin. DON derivatives, such as deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), are produced by bacterial transformation of certain intestinal bacteria, which are naturally occurring or applied as feed additives. Intestinal epithelial cells are the initial barrier against these food- and feed-borne toxins. The present study confirms DON-induced activation of MAPK p44/42 and inhibition of p44/42 by MAPK-inhibitor U0126 monoethanolate. Influence of DON and DOM-1 on transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), viability and expression of seven tight junction proteins (TJ), as well as the potential of U0126 to counteract DON-induced effects, was assessed. While DOM-1 showed no effect, DON significantly reduced TEER of differentiated IPEC-J2 and decreased expression of claudin-1 and -3, while leaving claudin-4; ZO-1, -2, and -3 and occludin unaffected. Inhibition of p44/42 counteracted DON-induced TEER decrease and restored claudin-3, but not claudin-1 expression. Therefore, effects of DON on TEER and claudin-3 are at least partially p44/42 mediated, while effects on viability and claudin-1 are likely mediated via alternative pathways.
A META‐ANALYSIS OF CONTROLLED TRIALS OF ANTICOAGULANT THERAPIES IN PATIENTS WITH SEPSIS

&NA; Although coagulation abnormalities may partly underlie the physiologic derangements of the sepsis syndrome, anticoagulant therapies have produced mixed results on survival in clinical studies. We hypothesized that a meta‐analysis of clinical trials of anticoagulants in sepsis may provide insight as to the therapeutic utility of targeting the clotting cascade in this syndrome. We searched electronic databases and reviewed bibliographies of pertinent articles to identify controlled clinical studies in which anticoagulants had been administered as adjunctive therapy to patients with sepsis. After establishing statistical homogeneity, odds ratios (OR; with 95% confidence intervals [CI]) for effect of these agents on mortality and bleeding complications were determined using Mantel‐Haenszel methodology. Potential for publication bias was assessed by the use of a statistical test of funnel plot asymmetry. Weighted linear regression was performed to examine the effect of control group mortality rate on treatment efficacy. We identified 11 studies that satisfied our inclusion criteria. Collectively, these studies enrolled 4690 patients (range of 29‐2314) and examined three agents: antithrombin III (2659 patients), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (210 patients), and activated protein C (1821 patients). After establishing statistical homogeneity (P > 0.10, chi‐square), we found that the OR (with 95% CI) for effect on mortality for these agents, relative to control treatment, was 0.8692 (0.7519‐1.006). Weighted linear regression analysis was consistent with a control group mortality dependent effect for these agents (P = 0.02). Only five of the studies reported bleeding complications. Pooling the results of these five studies (4376 patients) resulted in an OR (with 95% CI) of 1.70 (1.40‐2.07) relative to control treatment for bleeding risk. Anticoagulants as adjuvant therapy do not appear to improve outcome in sepsis and are associated with a significant risk of bleeding complications. To the extent that their treatment effect is dependent upon disease severity, the safety and efficacy of these agents may be enhanced by refinement in techniques of clinical stratification.
Dissolution of copper on Sn‐Ag‐Cu system lead free solder

Purpose – The paper's purpose is to provide a solution to a problem on dissolution and disappearance of copper electrodes in solder bath in lead free soldering on printed circuit board (PCB). Design/methodology/approach – The influence of the copper concentration, temperature, and flowing velocity of molten solder on the copper dissolution have been estimated, and it has been found that the dissolution rate of copper electrodes in Sn‐3.0Ag‐xCu solder alloys is defined by temperature and copper concentration in solder.Findings – It was found that increasing the copper concentration to 1.5 mass% in Sn‐3.0Ag‐xCu solder could lower the rate of copper dissolution to the equivalent level as that of the conventional Sn‐Pb eutectic alloy at the temperature of 560 K.Research implications/implications – In this paper, a dissolution phenomenon has been studied on Sn‐Ag‐Cu system alloys. It is interesting about the effect of other elements for controlling the dissolution.Practical implications – The method to control .
Effects of migration on food consumption patterns in a sample of Indian factory workers and their families

Abstract Objectives To study the impact of migration on food consumption among Indian factory workers and their siblings and spouses. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess diet using an interviewer-administered semi-quantitative FFQ from which intake of 184 commonly consumed food items was obtained. Settings Participants recruited from factory sites in Bangalore, Lucknow, Nagpur and Hyderabad. Subjects The sample comprised 7049 participants (41·6 % female), and included urban, migrant and rural groups. Results Thirteen food items were eaten by the greatest proportion of individuals on a daily basis. These were all indigenous foods. The proportion of people consuming tandoori roti, dal with vegetables, potato and ghee on a daily basis was highest in the urban sample, intermediate in the migrant group and lowest in the rural group (P ≤ 0·01). The proportion of individuals consuming Western food on a weekly basis followed a similar trend. Conclusions The diet of this sample is predominantly indigenous in nature, irrespective of migration status, with the prevalence of daily Western food consumption being minimal.
Matrix Contribution to Fatigue Behavior of Glass Reinforced Polyester Composites

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of polyester toughness on lon gitudinal fatigue behavior of glass-fiber reinforced composites. The toughness of the polyester was varied by adding a flexible isophthalic polyester resin as a modifier to a standard polyester resin. Such blends with different toughness properties were used to fab ricate the composite laminates. The laminates were tested at four different tensile stress levels under a load controlled mode. The results show that at a high fatigue stress, the rate of increase in fatigue life with respect to decrease in fatigue stress is nearly equal for the composites studied. However, in a stress range between 35 to 45 percent of the ultimate strength, the rate of increase in fatigue life with decrease in fatigue stress improves with use of the ductile polyester resin in the composite. Scanning electron microscopy indicates that the composite with tough polyester does not develop microcracking until 80 percent of fatigue life is reached. On the other hand, extensive microcracking was observed in the specimens with a polyester having high ductility and very low strength. In general, the final failure of the laminate was a combination of debonding and fiber breaks. The study shows that the toughness of the polyester helps in delaying the initiation of microdamage and offers a reliable index for measuring contribution of the matrix in FRP under fatigue loading.
Expression of trkA, trkB, and trkC in injured and regenerating retinal ganglion cells of adult rats.

PURPOSE To investigate changes in percentage of tyrosine kinase (trk)A-, trkB-, and trkC-immunopositive ((+)) retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) at various times after optic nerve (ON) axotomy; the proportion of RGCs regenerating axons into peripheral nerve (PN) grafts that are trkA(+), trkB(+), and trkC(+); whether intravitreal PN-ON implants affect trk immunoreactivity; and the levels of trk mRNAs in ON-injured retinas. METHODS The ON was transected intraorbitally. Proportions of trkA(+), trkB(+), and trkC(+) RGCs and levels of trk mRNAs were studied by using immunocytochemistry and Northern blot methods, respectively, in injured and RGC-regenerating retinas. RESULTS In normal retinas, only small numbers of trkB(+) and trkC(+), but not trkA(+), RGCs were seen. The optic fiber layer was intensively immunolabeled with trkB. After ON injury, the proportions of trkA(+), trkB(+), and trkC(+) RGCs rapidly increased and reached their peaks by 3 to 5 days. During the next 3 weeks, the proportion of trkA(+) or trkB(+) RGCs gradually decreased, but the proportion of trkC(+) RGCs remained high. Intravitreal implants of PN+ON segments transiently but significantly suppressed injury-induced increases in all these trk(+) RGC proportions for approximately 5 days. In contrast, 3 days after ON injury, quantitative retinal expression of trkA mRNA, and to a lesser extent trkC mRNA, was downregulated, whereas trkB mRNA expression remained unaffected. Higher proportions of trkA(+) and trkB(+) RGCs and higher levels of all trk mRNAs were seen in regenerating RGCs and retinas, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a kinetic analysis of expression of trk in RGCs and retinas after ON injury and during regeneration.
How Infectious Was #Deflategate?

On Monday January 19, 2015 a story broke that the National Football League (NFL) had started an investigation into whether the New England Patriots deliberately deflated the footballs they used during their championship win over the Indianapolis Colts. Like an infectious disease, discussion regarding Deflategate grew rapidly on social media sites in the hours and days after the release of the story. However, after the Super Bowl was over, the scandal slowly began to dissipate and lost much of the attention it had originally had, as interest in the NFL wained at the completion of its season. We construct a simple epidemic model for the infectiousness of the Deflategate news story. We then use data from the social media site Twitter to estimate the parameters of this model using standard techniques from the study of inverse problems. We find that the infectiousness (as measured by the basic reproduction number) of Deflategate rivals that of any infectious disease that we are aware of, and is actually more infectious than recent news stories of greater importance - both in terms of the basic reproduction number and in terms of the average amount of time the average tweeter continued to tweet about the news story.
Misorientation dependence of the energy of symmetrical tilt boundaries in hcp metals: prediction by the disclination-structural unit model

The misorientation dependence of the energy of grain boundaries in hcp metals is predicted by application of the disclination-structural unit model and continuum solutions for interfacial disclination dipoles in elastically anisotropic and inhomogeneous bicrystals. For symmetrical tilt boundaries in cobalt and titanium, it is shown that the dipole stress field and the grain-boundary energy depend strongly on the misorientation. In particular, the dipole stress field is more localized in large-angle boundaries than in small-angle boundaries, severe distortion of the stress field results from even a small inhomogeneity, and homogeneous isotropic solutions fail to capture the dependence of the stress field on misorientation. The energy–misorientation curve is characterized by cusps associated with favoured boundaries, local energy maxima between the cusps, and regions of high and low average energies demarcated by the favoured boundary. The maximum energy occurs near the misorientation of 23° corresponding to the ( ) plane. The grain-boundary energy of cobalt is approximately twice that of titanium for most misorientations.
Image Coprocessor: A Real-Time Approach Towards Object Tracking

Real time object tracking finds its applications in diverse fields. An online embedded system for image tracking should be fast, accurate, robust and efficient. This paper presents a hardware based architecture and implementation of an Image Coprocessor on FPGA using Verilog Hardware Description Language. The core concept is to ensure a fast and memory efficient dedicated hardware which could increase the efficiency manifolds and enhance the overall output, thereby making real time detection and tracking possible at much higher rates than achievable using C++. The design was simulated using Xilinx ISE Simulator and ModelSim. An embedded system was later on developed for complete implementation of Image Coprocessor on FPGA, using Xilinx Embedded Development Kit. Six modules including Edge Image, Bhattacharya Coefficient, Histograms, Epanechnikov Kernel, Translation and Rotation have been implemented on FPGA, and a comparison has been made with their implementation in C++. The results demonstrate up to 66 times improved performance of these individual modules. Thus, an efficient Image Coprocessor has been developed.
PASS Biological Activity Spectrum Predictions in the Enhanced Open NCI Database Browser

The application of the program PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances) to about 250 000 compounds of the NCI Open Database and the incorporation of over 64 million PASS predictions in the Enhanced NCI Database Browser are described. A total of 565 different types of activity are included, encompassing general pharmacological effects, specific mechanisms of action, known toxicities, and others. Application of this Web-based service to prediction of activities of the kinds "Angiogenesis inhibitor," "Antiviral (HIV)", and a set of activities that can be associated with antineoplastic action are reported. For this latter data set, a very substantial enrichment over random selection was found in the PASS predictions. It is shown how the user can conduct complex searches by combining ranges of PASS-predicted probabilities of compounds to be active or to be inactive, respectively, with, e.g., value ranges of physicochemical parameters, presence or absence of particular substructural fragment, and other search criteria.
Optimal and Mandatory Transparency: Implications for Corporate Governance Regulation ∗

In light of recent corporate scandals, numerous proposals have been introduced for reforming corporate governance. This paper provides a theoretical framework through which to evaluate these reforms. We show that reforms that seek to improve the quality of information that is reported will reduce welfare, raise executive compensation, and inefficiently increase the rate of ceo turnover.
Visual landmark generation and redetection with a single feature per frame

In this paper we show that visual landmark generation and redetection is possible with a single feature per frame. The approach is based on the assumption that highly discriminative regions are easily redetectable in subsequent frames as well as in frames visited from different viewpoints. We investigate which feature detectors fit for this purpose and under which conditions the discriminability applies. The approach is tested in a topological localization scenario in which the best feature is tracked over several frames to build landmarks. We show that we can represent a large environment with a few salient landmarks and that a large percentage of these landmarks is robustly redetectable from different viewpoints.
Multivariable Control of Aluminum Reduction Cells

This paper considers control of the aluminum reduction process, using a dynamic model developed from the literature and Virtpot, a model developed at Kaiser Aluminum. Analysis shows the process is controllable and observable, but not easily stabilizable using only one input, and that short-term changes in measured voltage result primarily from changes in alumina concentration rather than anode-to-cathode distance (ACD). Next, a multivariable control strategy is developed to regulate cell voltage by adjusting feed rate rather than beam movement. We introduce the idea of a feed voltage, obtained by subtracting expected voltage deviations due to ACD changes and beam moves from the filtered voltage. Feed rate is adjusted to compensate for deviations of feed voltage from its target. Simultaneously, beam movements are made to compensate for the difference in expected anode consumption and metal pad rise, based on changes in feed period. Simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. Introduction The primary production of aluminum is a key process in the aluminum industry. A critical issue in this process is proper regulation of both the anode-to-cathode distance and the concentration of dissolved alumina. These quantities have a primary effect on the overall efficiency of the reduction process [1]. Unfortunately, it is difficult to directly measure either variable. Typical installations of aluminum reduction cells allow only the measurement of cell voltage, which is affected by both the anode-to-cathode distance and the dissolved alumina concentration. This fact makes the control of the aluminum reduction cell difficult [2]. In this paper we consider control of the aluminum reduction process. We take a model-based, control-theoretic approach, using a dynamic model structure to describe the process. This dynamic model is motivated by first principles arguments drawn from the literature and from results obtained from a detailed simulation Multivariable Control of Aluminum Reduction Cells Kevin L. Moore1, Nobuo Urata2 1Center for Self-Organizing and Intelligent Systems Utah State University 4160 Old Main Hill Logan, UT 84321 2Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation 2107 East Hawthorne Road Mead WA 99021
The 2012 Feinberg Lecture: treatment swift and treatment sure.

We stand poised on the threshold of a new era in care for acute ischemic stroke, in which treatments will be swift, starting in the first 60 minutes after onset, the golden hour when almost the entire threatened brain region is still salvageable, and treatments will be sure, reopening occluded arteries in almost all patients who will benefit from reperfusion. This narrative review surveys translational clinical research in prehospital neuroprotection and highly effective endovascular recanalization therapy that has helped lay the foundation for this imminent transformation. I have the honor of delivering the Feinberg Lecture in 2012, a moment of tremendous accomplishment in cerebrovascular disease care. We are preventing and treating acute stroke better than ever before. In the United States, over the past 50 years, the per capita incidence of stroke mortality has decreased by 75%, an immense public health achievement.1 Stroke recently declined from the third to the fourth leading cause of death among Americans. Stroke-prevention trialists find it increasingly difficult to demonstrate benefits of technologically remarkable new treatments because our evolving standard prevention care (past trials translated into practice) has already reduced recurrent vascular event rates to extraordinarily low levels.2 And yet, ours is also a time of increasing peril from cerebrovascular disease. Stroke continues to be a leading cause of disability, death, and dementia worldwide. Moreover, with the aging of the US populace, projections forecast that increasing numbers of acute stroke patients will present to our hospitals every year throughout the next 2 decades.3 As a consequence, the theme of this Feinberg lecture is especially urgent: improving acute ischemic stroke therapy. While our treatments for acute stroke have improved over time, they remain much less effective than our prevention therapies. We have only a small set of proven interventions: intravenous tissue plasminogen activator …
Viscoelastic properties of vimentin compared with other filamentous biopolymer networks

The cytoplasm of vertebrate cells contains three distinct filamentous biopolymers, the microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments. The basic structural elements of these three filaments are linear polymers of the proteins tubulin, actin, and vimentin or another related intermediate filament protein, respectively. The viscoelastic properties of cytoplasmic filaments are likely to be relevant to their biologic function, because their extreme length and rodlike structure dominate the rheologic behavior of cytoplasm, and changes in their structure may cause gel-sol transitions observed when cells are activated or begin to move. This paper describes parallel measurements of the viscoelasticity of tubulin, actin, and vimentin polymers. The rheologic differences among the three types of cytoplasmic polymers suggest possible specialized roles for the different classes of filaments in vivo. Actin forms networks of highest rigidity that fluidize at high strains, consistent with a role in cell motility in which stable protrusions can deform rapidly in response to controlled filament rupture. Vimentin networks, which have not previously been studied by rheologic methods, exhibit some unusual viscoelastic properties not shared by actin or tubulin. They are less rigid (have lower shear moduli) at low strain but harden at high strains and resist breakage, suggesting they maintain cell integrity. The differences between F-actin and vimentin are optimal for the formation of a composite material with a range of properties that cannot be achieved by either polymer alone. Microtubules are unlikely to contribute significantly to interphase cell rheology alone, but may help stabilize the other networks.
Muscle sparing in muscle RING finger 1 null mice: response to synthetic glucocorticoids

Non‐Technical Summary Skeletal muscle has the capacity to modify its size in response to external cues such as mechanical load, neural activity, hormones, stress and nutritional status. Pathological muscle loss or ‘atrophy’ occurs as the result of a number of disparate conditions including ageing, immobilization, diabetes, cancer, sepsis and as a serious side effect of corticosteroid hormone treatment. Synthetic glucocorticoids are often used to treat inflammation; however, high doses and chronic use of these hormones can lead to the loss of skeletal muscle mass and weakness. We show that in mice with a deletion of the MuRF1 protein, but not the MAFbx protein, the loss of muscle mass is attenuated relative to normal mice following 14 days of glucocorticoid treatment. Knowledge of how the MuRF1 protein functions in skeletal muscle to regulate skeletal muscle mass could lead to the development of therapeutics to prevent muscle atrophy under various conditions including glucocorticoid treatment.