Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Theory for Aquifer Test Analysis in Fractured Rocks Under Linear (Nonradial) Flow Conditions

The flow of ground water in a fractured rock aquifer may be linear toward a natural production surface rather than radial toward a pumping well, if the well penetrates a fracture having a permeability many orders of magnitude greater than the permeability of the surrounding aquifer. The well and its hydraulically connected production surface are called an extended well. Flow lines in a linear system are parallel, and drawdown is a function of the perpendicular distance from the extended well and not a function of the radius of the pumped well. The location of a concealed fracture and hydraulic diffusivity of the linear system can be determined if drawdown data from two observation wells are available. Linear flow has been recognized in fractured rock aquifers from aquifer test data in three widely separated areas of New Mexico and probably is the cause of the anomalous response observed in fractured rock aquifers in Mendocino and Placer Counties, California. Test data were curvilinear on semi-log plots and straight lines on log-log plots, suggesting that traditional methods of aquifer test analysis are not applicable. Straight lines could be fitted to arithmetic plots of pumped well and observation well data when plotted as drawdown versus √t, indicating that the flow in the vicinity of the test well is linear. Linear flow may be a common phenomenon that has been overlooked in the analysis of aquifer tests in fractured rock aquifers.
Urine podocyte mRNAs mark disease activity in IgA nephropathy.

BACKGROUND Podocyte depletion is a major mechanism driving glomerulosclerosis. We and others have previously projected from model systems that podocyte-specific mRNAs in the urine pellet might serve as glomerular disease markers. We evaluated IgA nephropathy (IgAN) to test this concept. METHODS From 2009 to 2013, early morning voided urine samples and kidney biopsies from IgAN patients (n = 67) were evaluated in comparison with urine samples from healthy age-matched volunteers (n = 28). Urine podocyte (podocin) mRNA expressed in relation to either urine creatinine concentration or a kidney tubular marker (aquaporin 2) was tested as markers. RESULTS Urine podocyte mRNAs were correlated with the severity of active glomerular lesions (segmental glomerulosclerosis and acute extracapillary proliferation), but not with non-glomerular lesions (tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis) or with clinical parameters of kidney injury (serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate), or with degree of accumulated podocyte loss at the time of biopsy. In contrast, proteinuria correlated with all histological and clinical markers. Glomerular tuft podocyte nuclear density (a measure of cumulative podocyte loss) correlated with tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis, estimated-glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria, but not with urine podocyte markers. In a subset of the IgA cohort (n = 19, median follow-up period = 37 months), urine podocyte mRNAs were significantly decreased after treatment, in contrast to proteinuria which was not significantly changed. CONCLUSIONS Urine podocyte mRNAs reflect active glomerular injury at a given point in time, and therefore provide both different and additional clinical information that can complement proteinuria in the IgAN decision-making paradigm.
Young Women in Coastal Newfoundland and Labrador Talk About Their Social Relationships and Health

A GROWING BODY OF LITERATURE suggests that supportive social relationships with family and friends have a positive effect on health (Badr, Acitelli, Duck and Carl 2001; Berkman and Breslow 1983; Hobfoll and De Vries 1995; Ryff and Singer 2000; Springer, Parcel, Baumler, and Ross 2006). Researchers have also linked strong social supports to reduced mortality rates (Repetti, Taylor, and Seeman 2002), improved self-rated health, and increased self-esteem (Ryff and Singer 2000; McNicholas 2002; Springer et al. 2006). Lohman and Jarvis have argued that social supports provide individuals with the resources they need to cope with stress, thereby preventing illnesses such as heart disease and depression (Lohman and Jarvis 2000). A number of studies have noted that women in particular rely on supportive relationships, and as a result, they experience more negative health effects in the absence of social supports than do their male counterparts (Berkman 1995; Hurdle 2001; Letvak 2002; Springer et al. 2006). This qualitative project explored how women perceived their social relationships, and how they thought about the connection between those relationships and their health and well-being. Following the World Health Organization (2004), we conceptualized “health” not simply as the absence of disease. Instead, we viewed it as a multi-dimensional concept involving the physical, social, and emotional wellbeing of individuals which is influenced by social, economic, and political structures and resources within society (Raphael 2003). We were not attempting to establish a link between social relationships and specific health outcomes, but, rather, to gain an understanding of how social relationships are influenced by a changing environment, and how such relationships are viewed as affecting young women’s health
Health risk assessment of heavy metals for population via consumption of vegetables.

The heavy metals pollution is one of the problems that arise due to the increased uses of fertilizers and other chemicals to meet the higher demands of food production for human consumption. Health risk assessment for heavy metals of the population is a very good technique because such assessment would be useful to give information about any threat regarding heavy metals contamination in vegetables. For health risk assessment different methods are used by different researchers. In this review paper different methods, for assessment of the heavy metals concentration in the human body contributed by contaminated vegetables, are discussed. These methods include the daily intake of metals (DIM), daily dietary index (DDI), provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI), along with the methods used for the health risk assessment. The health risk assessment methods include hazard quotient (HQ) and health risk index (HRI).
Dynamic effects of financial intermediation over the business cycle

This paper provides a empirical evidence that the financial intermediation disturbances can generate business cycles. We examine three countries whose financial sectors are fully developed but quite distinct in their institutional and regulatory circumstances; thus, we can infer whether financial intermediation disturbances differ across dissimilar financial environments. We find that the dynamic responses of output to financial intermediation shocks exhibit similar patterns in all cases studied. However, the various institutional and regulatory circumstances have generated different propagation mechanisms transmitting the financial disturbance to output in ways that lead the magnitudes of the responses to deviate across economies. Copyright 2000 by Oxford University Press.
Antiulcerogenic effect of Hippophae rhamnoides L.

The antiulcerogenic effect of a hexane extract (HRe‐1) from Hippophae rhamnoides (Eleagnaceae) was tested on indomethacin‐ and stress‐induced ulcer models. As a result HRe‐1 was found to be active in preventing gastric injury. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DGM approach to network attacker and defender strategies

The computer game framework is an extension of attack graphs based on game theory. It is used to anticipate and analyze intruder and administrator concurrent interactions within the network. Like attack-graph-based model checking, the goal of an anticipation game is to prove that a safety property holds. However, using this kind of game is tedious and error prone on large networks because it assumes that the analyst has prior and complete knowledge of critical network services. This work presents a non-zero, Deterministic Game-Theoretic Modeling (DGM) method for analyzing the security of computer networks. The interaction between an attacker and a defender is viewed as two-player non-zero deterministic game whose model is constructed using a saddle point solution (non-linear program) to compute the value of the game. The probability of possible attack on a network given available attacker strategy or best-response strategies for the attacker and the defender was demonstrated. The simulation of the model was achieved using Java, which is a high level language with object oriented programming capabilities and features. The backend is implemented using MySQL, which is a widely used relational database management system (RDBMS). Selected results of the games played were presented with analysis showingsome likelyattacker activities and the counter measures from the defender.
Customer satisfaction‐aware scheduling for utility maximization on geo‐distributed data centers

With the increasingly growing amount of service requests from the world‐wide customers, the cloud systems are capable of providing services while meeting the customers' satisfaction. Recently, to achieve the better reliability and performance, the cloud systems have been largely depending on the geographically distributed data centers. Nevertheless, the dollar cost of service placement by service providers (SP) differ from the multiple regions. Accordingly, it is crucial to design a request dispatching and resource allocation algorithm to maximize net profit. The existing algorithms are either built upon energy‐efficient schemes alone, or multi‐type requests and customer satisfaction oblivious. They cannot be applied to multi‐type requests and customer satisfaction‐aware algorithm design with the objective of maximizing net profit. This paper proposes an ant‐colony optimization‐based algorithm for maximizing SP's net profit (AMP) on geographically distributed data centers with the consideration of customer satisfaction. First, using model of customer satisfaction, we formulate the utility (or net profit) maximization issue as an optimization problem under the constraints of customer satisfaction and data centers. Second, we analyze the complexity of the optimal requests dispatchment problem and rigidly prove that it is an NP‐complete problem. Third, to evaluate the proposed algorithm, we have conducted the comprehensive simulation and compared with the other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms. Also, we extend our work to consider the data center's power usage effectiveness. It has been shown that AMP maximizes SP net profit by dispatching service requests to the proper data centers and generating the appropriate amount of virtual machines to meet customer satisfaction. Moreover, we also demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach when it accommodates the impacts of dynamically arrived heavy workload, various evaporation rate and consideration of power usage effectiveness. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discharge between San Antonio Bay and Aransas Bay, southern Gulf Coast, Texas, May-September 1999

Area enlarged Along the Gulf Coast of Texas, many estuaries and bays are important habitat and nurseries for aquatic life. San Antonio Bay and Aransas Bay, located about 50 and 30 miles northeast, respectively, of Corpus Christi, are two important estuarine nurseries on the southern Gulf Coast of Texas (fig. 1). According to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, “Almost 80 percent of the seagrasses [along the Texas Gulf Coast] are located in the Laguna Madre, an estuary that begins just south of Corpus Christi Bay and runs southward 140 miles to South Padre Island. Most of the remaining seagrasses, about 45,000 acres, are located in the heavily traveled San Antonio, Aransas and Corpus Christi Bay areas” (Shook, 2000).
Illumination Invariant L1 Tracker Using Photometric Normalization Techniques

Recently, sparse representation-based tracking methods called l1 trackers give remarkable performances in difficult video sequences. However, the tracking in the situation of large illumination changes and shadow casting still has serious problems that need to be solved. A new illumination invariant tracking method based on photometric normalization techniques and sparse representation framework is proposed. By using photometric normalization methods, we create a new illumination invariant template presentation for tracking and eliminate the effect of brightness variation and shadow casting. For enhancing the tracking accuracy, a method for adaptively selecting the optimal template presentation at the update step of the tracking process is introduced. The experiments show that our method outperforms the previous l1 tracker and some state-of-the-art tracking algorithms in challenging tracking sequences.
Backpropagation algorithm which varies the number of hidden units

Summary form only given, as follows. A backpropagation algorithm is presented that varies the number of hidden units. The algorithm is expected to escape local minima and makes it no longer necessary to decide on the number of hidden units. Exclusive-OR training and 8*8 dot alphanumeric font training using this algorithm are explained. In exclusive-OR training, the probability of being trapped in local minima is reduced. In alphanumeric font training, the network converted two to three times faster than the conventional backpropagation algorithm. <<ETX>>
Task level robot programming using prioritized non-linear inequality constraints

In this paper, we propose a framework for prioritized constraint-based specification of robot tasks. This framework is integrated with a cognitive robotic system based on semantic models of processes, objects, and workcells. The target is to enable intuitive (re-)programming of robot tasks, in a way that is suitable for non-expert users typically found in SMEs. Using CAD semantics, robot tasks are specified as geometric inter-relational constraints. During execution, these are combined with constraints from the environment and the workcell, and solved in real-time. Our constraint model and solving approach supports a variety of constraint functions that can be non-linear and also include bounds in the form of inequalities, e.g., geometric inter-relations, distance, collision avoidance and posture constraints. It is a hierarchical approach where priority levels can be specified for the constraints, and the nullspace of higher priority constraints is exploited to optimize the lower priority constraints. The presented approach has been applied to several typical industrial robotic use-cases to highlight its advantages compared to other state-of-the-art approaches.
#Wikipedia on Twitter: analyzing tweets about Wikipedia

Wikipedia has long become a standard source of information on the web and as such is widely referenced on the web and in social media. This paper analyzes the usage of Wikipedia on Twitter by looking into languages used on both platforms, content features of posted articles and recent edits of those articles. The analysis is based on a set of four million tweets and links these tweets to Wikipedia articles and their features to identify interesting relations. We find that within English and Japanese tweets containing a link to Wikipedia, 97% of the links lead to the English resp. Japanese Wikipedia, whereas for other languages 20% of the tweets contain a link to a Wikipedia of a different language. Our results also indicate that the number of tweets about a certain topic is not correlated to the number of recent edits on the particular page at the time of sending the tweet.
Why Fuzzy Sequential Patterns can Help Data Summarization: An Application to the INPI Trade Mark Database

Mining fuzzy rules is one of the best ways to summarize large databases while keeping information as clear and understandable as possible for the end-user. Several approaches have been proposed to mine such fuzzy rules, in particular to mine fuzzy association rules. However, we argue that it is important to mine rules that convey information about the order. For instance, it is very interesting to convey the idea of time running in rules, which is done in fuzzy sequential patterns. In this paper, we thus focus on fuzzy sequential patterns. We show that mining such rules requires to manage a lot of information and we propose algorithms to remain efficient in both memory use and computation time. Our proposition is assessed by experiments. Particularly, we apply our algorithms on the INPI database which stores almost 2 million trademarks.
Protein cytoskeleton and overexpression of Na+,K+‐ATPase in opossum kidney cells

Previous studies have shown that over time in culture opossum kidney (OK) cells are endowed with increased Na+,K+‐ATPase activity and expression (Silva et al., 2006 , J Membr Biol 212:163–175; Silva and Soares‐da‐Silva, 2007 , Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 293:R1764–R1770). The present work evaluated the cytoskeleton reorganization in OK cells at passages 40 and 80 in culture and its possible relationship with membrane transport proteins and cell morphology. It is shown that OK cells with 80 passages in culture have increased size, internal complexity, and total protein expression. In OK cells with 80 passages in culture the use of in‐cell western showed that ezrin/radixin/moesin complex was increased by 20%. The most abundant ankyrin‐G isoform in OK cells with 40 passages was the ∼200/220 kDa isoform, whereas in OK cells with 80 passages the most abundant isoform was the ∼170 kDa isoform. The spectrin‐βII ∼240 kDa isoform, the predominant isoform in OK cells with 40 passages, was marginally detected in OK cells with 80 passages. Besides Na+,K+‐ATPase, GLUT2, and NHE3 expression was also significantly increased in OK cells with 80 passages. It is concluded that the prolonged cell passaging of OK cells results in an interesting and valuable experimental model to analyze the reorganization of the renal cell cytoskeleton proteins and its relationship with transporter and signaling membrane proteins. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 318–324, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Efficient No-Regret Multiagent Learning

We present new results on the efficiency of no-regret algorithmsin the context of multiagent learning. We use a known approach to augment a large class of no-regret algorithms to allow stochastic sampling of actions and observation of scalar reward of only the action played. We show that the average actual payoffs of the resulting learner gets (1) close to the best response against (eventually) stationary opponents. (2) close to the asymptotic optimal payoff against opponents that playa converging sequence of policies. and (3) close to at least a dynamic variant of minimax payoff against arbitrary opponents. with a high probability in polynomial time. In addition the polynomial bounds are shown to be significantly better than previously known bounds. Furthermore, we do not need to assume that the learner knows the game matrices and can observe the opponents' actions, unlike previous work.
Gauge Fields in Pictorial Space

“Pictorial space” is the mental structure that appears to be the scaffold for the visual awareness when looking “into” (as opposed to “at”) a picture. Its structure differs from the “visual space” that is the scaffold for the visual awareness when looking into the scene in front of the observer. The structure of pictorial space has been probed empirically and explored theoretically. Here we propose a framework that allows one to handle cases that have been encountered empirically, but thus far have not been explored in a formal, geometrical setting. The framework allows one to handle many idiosyncrasies of human visual observers, as well as to characterize the (frequent) individual differences in a principled manner. This opens the door to a principled formalism of the structure (e.g., quality) of the pictorial spaces evoked by various methods of presentation, as required for applications
A Remark on a Free Interface Problem with Volume Constraint

(2) min {F(u,E) : u = u0 on ∂Ω, |E| = d} , where u0 ∈W (Ω) is a given boundary datum and 0 < d < |Ω| is prescribed. Energies with surface terms competing with a volume term often appear in materials science as a model for optimal design [1], phase transiction [5], liquid crystals [6] or continuum mechanics [4]. A similar functional was studied by L.Ambrosio and G.Buttazzo in [1] where they consider an energy of the type∫
Microgeographical breeding structure of the tsetse fly, Glossina pallidipes in south‐western Kenya

Abstract. The origins of extant Glossina pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae) populations in the ecologically well‐studied Lambwe and Nguruman valleys in Kenya are controversial because populations have recovered after seemingly effective attempts to achieve high levels of control. The microgeographical breeding structure of the tsetse fly, G. pallidipes, was investigated by analysing spatial and temporal variation at eight microsatellite loci to test hypotheses about endemism and immigration. Samples were obtained at seasonal intervals from trap sites separated by 200 m to 14 km and arranged into blocks. G. pallidipes populations nearest to Lambwe and Nguruman also were sampled. Spatial analysis indicated that genetic differentiation by genetic drift was much less among trapping sites within Lambwe and Nguruman (FST ≤ 0.049) than between them (FST = 0.232). FST between Serengeti and Nguruman was 0.16 and FST between Kodera Forest and Lambwe was 0.15. The genetic variance in G. pallidipes explained by dry and wet seasons (0.33%) was about one‐fifth the variance among collection dates (1.6%), thereby indicating reasonable temporal stability of genetic variation. Gene frequencies in Kodera and Serengeti differed greatly from Lambwe and Nguruman, thereby falsifying the hypothesis that Lambwe and Nguruman were repopulated by immigrants. Harmonic mean effective (= breeding) population sizes were 180 in Lambwe and 551 in Nguruman. The genetic data suggest that G. pallidipes in Lambwe and Nguruman have been endemic for long intervals.
SAVING: socially aware vehicular information-centric networking

Mobile devices today are constantly generating and consuming a tremendous amount of content on the Internet. Caching of such "massive" data is beyond the capacity of existing cellular networks in terms of both cost and bandwidth due to its connection-centric nature. The increasing demand for content poses fundamental questions like where, what, and how to cache and retrieve cached content. Leveraging the shift toward a content-centric networking paradigm, we propose to cache content close to the mobile user to avoid wasting resources and decrease access delays. Therefore, we present SAVING, a socially aware vehicular information-centric networking system for content storage and sharing over vehicles using their computing, caching, and communication (3Cs) capabilities. The encapsulated 3Cs are exploited first to identify the potential candidates, socially important, to cache in the fleet of vehicles. To achieve this, we propose a novel vehicle ranking system allowing a smart vehicle to autonomously "compute" its eligibility to address the question, where to cache. The identified vehicles then collaborate to efficiently "cache" content between them based on the content popularity and availability to decide what and how to cache. Finally, to facilitate efficient content distribution, we present a socially aware content distribution protocol allowing vehicles to "communicate" to address the question how to retrieve cached content. Implementation results for SAVING on 2986 vehicles with realistic mobility traces suggests it as an efficient and scalable computing, caching, and communication system.