Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of expecting to be evaluated on change toward favorable and unfavorable information about oneself.

Predictions concerning self concept change followed from the point of view that amount of change is a function of an individual's expectancies concerning the consequences of change. In experimental conditions that varied according to induced expectancy about future events, subjects received messages disagreeing favorably or unfavorably with their self-assessments. Consistent with the assumptions that were made concerning the expected consequences of change, the following findings emerged: among subjects who received a favorable message, those who expected to undergo further evaluation showed significantly less change toward the message than did those who did not expect further evaluation, but, among subjects who received an unfavorable message, there were no significant differences between expectancy conditions. This paper takes the point of view that a person's willingness to accept information about himself that is discrepant from his beliefs about himself depends on his expectancies concerning the consequences of changing these beliefs. According to this framework, the consequences of change are a function of the direction (favorable or unfavorable) in which the information departs from the individual's self concept and on his assessment of the likelihood of being evaluated in the future. As a product of this expectancy analysis, the study delineates conditions under which receptivity to favorable information is likely to be greater than to unfavorable information as well as conditions under which a reversal of this effect is likely to occur. The analysis begins with the common-sense assumption that it is pleasant to view oneself favorably and unpleasant to view oneself unfavorably. In other words, it is assumed that most individuals have repeatedly experienced the increased self-esteem that follows from changing the self concept in a favorable direction and the decreased self-esteem that follows from changing
Practical management of iron overload

The practical management of iron overload requires reliable estimation of body iron content and distribution as well as an understanding of how iron overload translates into clinical consequences. In this article, it will be seen that our ability to estimate the distribution of excess tissue iron, to predict its consequences and therefore to tailor treatment accordingly is surprisingly imprecise. Our understanding of how iron chelators best prevent these consequences is also limited. It will be seen that the safest and most effective ways of removing excess iron vary depending on the degree and rate of iron loading as well as the underlying condition being treated. Evidence of benefit in survival with chelation treatment takes many years to emerge and currently only exists for thalassaemia major patients treated with desferrioxamine. Long-term survival benefits have not been demonstrated in other iron-overloaded conditions or with other chelation regimens. In such circumstances, practical treatment protocols are necessarily based on inference rather than direct evidence.
Determinants of the Capital Structures of European Smes

The aim of this paper is to examine the degree to which the determinants of SMEs' capital structures differ between European countries. The study is based on data for four thousand SMEs, five hundred from each of eight European countries. Regressions were run using short-term and long-term debt as dependent variables and profitability, growth, asset structure, size and age as independent variables. A key feature of this paper is the use of restricted and unrestricted regressions to isolate the country-effect from the firm-specific-effect. The results show that variations are likely to be due to country differences as well as firm-specific ones. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2004.
Comparing virtualization solutions for NFV deployment: A network management perspective

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is a paradigm designed to promote service agility and able to quickly generate revenue, thus encouraging competition among companies in the computer network industry. Besides the advocated benefits of NFV, management requirements should be properly taken into account. The choice of a particular NFV-based technology must consider its management requirements. However, there is still no evaluation of virtualization solutions providing an in-depth analysis from the management point-of-view. This paper presents a performance analysis of three prominent virtualization solutions: ClickOS, CoreOS, and OSv. Our results place ClickOS and CoreOS as the best solutions regarding boot time, response time, and memory consumption. Moreover, based on the results obtained for each performance metric, we provide a broad discussion about the effectiveness of each virtualization solution in fulfilling qualitative management requirements.
Influence of an experimental infection of Ascaris suum on performance of pigs.

Thirty-two pigs (average 26.6 kg live weight) were individually housed and fed to study the effect of an infection of Ascaris suum (either 0, 600, 6,000 or 60,000 A. suum eggs/pig) on performance of growing-finishing pigs. Increasing the level of A. suum infection produced linear (P less than .07) and quadratic (P less than .09) effects on final weight, weight gain and average daily gain. Feed to gain ratio and number of A. suum worms recovered from the intestines of pigs at slaughter increased linearly (P less than .01) with increasing doses of A. suum eggs. Pigs receiving 60,000 A. suum eggs were 13% less (P less than .01) efficient than the noninfected controls. In each of two trials, eight crossbred barrows (15.7 kg in trial 1 and 16.1 kg body weight in trial 2) were examined for the effects of two levels of A. suum infection (0 and 20,000 eggs/pig) on digestibility coefficients for dry matter, crude protein and gross energy. The infection did not affect (P greater than .05) digestibility coefficients during the first two collection periods (d 6 through 10 and 19 through 23). However, digestion coefficients for dry matter, crude protein and gross energy obtained from the total collection period on d 33 through 37 postinfection were greater (P less than .01) for control pigs than for pigs given 20,000 A. suum eggs each. Also, N retention was greater (P less than .05) for control pigs than for infected pigs.
The Free Trade Area of the Americas in the Context of U.S.-Latin American Relations

The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) is an international trade agreement that aims to eliminate the remaining barriers to the free flow of money, goods, and services across borders in the Western hemisphere (excluding Cuba) to create one large, open, and integrated market. The FTAA falls within the wider free trade and free markets approach promoted by the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the World Trade Organization (WTO) to be part of a solution to poverty and inequality. In reality, the rules and practices of liberalized trade are designed primarily to create a stable and profitable environment for corporations and investors. Like other previous economic integration projects, the primary backers are the business community and the politicians over whom they have the most influence. Not surprisingly, the opponents of the FTAA can be found among groups concerned with labor rights, human rights, the environment, and indigenous concerns. The authors detail how the administration of George W. Bush succeeded in overcoming opposition to the FTAA within the U.S. Congress by regaining “fast track” negotiating authority in the wake of the September 11 attacks on the United States. In the process of gaining that authority the United States placed renewed pressure on the Latin American nations to complete the FTAA by its scheduled start date of 2005.
E-Surveying for Tourism Research: Legitimate Tool or a Researcher’s Fantasy?

Tourism researchers continually seek to improve their primary data collection methods. With the spread of Internet and e-mail technologies, various researchers have begun to explore the potential and efficacy of electronic data collection. This article reports on a study that compared respondent data from two data sets based on the same survey instrument: the first, collected via a traditional mall-intercept-type data collection exercise and the second, an “e-sample” collected from random e-mail addresses. Analysis of the responses found similar travel psychographic characteristics but significant differences in demographics and travel patterns. The article concludes that while there seems to be legitimate potential for tourism research “e-surveying,” current logistical problems and issues of sample bias remain serious stumbling blocks precluding widespread use of the method.
The changing politics of women: gender and political alignment in 11 nations

Abstract. Although there has been considerable research on the changing politics of women in advanced industrial societies, there has been little consistent, cross-national research to identify the sources of these changes. This paper uses closely comparable data collected in 11 countries in the early 1980s to examine gender differences in political alignments. The results show that in 10 of the 11 countries, women are more conservative than men, by differing degrees. The exception is Australia, where women are more leftwing than men. The sources of these gender differences are shown to be differential levels of workforce participation and religiosity between men and women. Once these and other factors are taken into account through multivariate analysis, women follow the Australian pattern and emerge as more leftwing than men in six of the 10 countries. In the remaining four countries, greater female conservatism is substantially reduced once these factors are taken into account. Various explanations to account for these patterns are discussed.
Meeting the media: Toward an interpersonal relationship theory between the public relations practitioner and the journalist

The relationship between journalist and public relations professional is of vital importance to organisations seeking credibility through publication of their newsworthy stories in third-party media outlets. While general public relations practices emphasise tactical execution as central to receiving publication of organisational news in both traditional and new/digital media, this article focuses on the interpersonal discourse between journalist and public relations professional that facilitates media relations activities. Through analysis of a dialogic, social and behaviourist perspective of media relations discourse, the journalist–public relations relationship is theorised as a relational dialectic imbued with tensions requiring negotiation for mutual benefit between the professionals. Acceptance of the ongoing interplay of interpersonal dynamics between public relations practitioner and journalist discontinues the perception of a one-sided, objective understanding of dialogue and opens the possibilities of the conversation as multidimensional. Public relations practitioners understanding an interpersonal relationship theory with the media will be better equipped to facilitate relationshipbuilding initiatives characteristic of the practice.
A Cross-Cultural Investigation of New Product Strategies for Technological and Design Innovations

Although design and technological innovations are conceptually distinct and require significantly different resource investments by the firm, little is known about how differing strategies employed in relation to these new products influence changes in market share across national cultures. In this study, the authors provide insights into how technological and design product innovations and product portfolio breadth strategies influence changes in market share within 26 technological and 12 design innovations across 17 firms operating in eight European countries. The results indicate that the positive effect of design innovation on changes in market share strengthens as individualism and indulgence increase, whereas the positive relationship between technological innovations and market share is weakened as uncertainty avoidance and indulgence increase. In addition, the positive relationship between design product portfolio breadth strategies and changes in market share is strengthened as individualism and indulgence increase but is weakened as uncertainty avoidance increases, whereas the positive relationship between technological product portfolio breadth and changes in market share is strengthened as individualism increases. The authors discuss the theoretical and managerial implications of the findings.
Community-based suicide prevention program in Japan using a health promotion approach

Suicide prevention programs at a national level in developed countries were briefly reviewed, and the community-based suicide prevention programs in Akita Prefecture, in the Tohoku Region of Japan, were also outlined. Suicide prevention programs were proposed in Western countries in the 1980s. A famous example is the national prevention program in Finland that was started in 1986. The national suicide prevention programs in Western countries share some common features such as their comprehensiveness and diversity. Typical policies of suicide prevention programs were categorized according to primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Regarding community-based suicide prevention programs using a health promotion approach, the Akita prefectural government incorporated a suicide prevention program into the local health promotion strategy “Health Akita 21” in 2001. An outline of the four action programs was as follows: to raise awareness of suicide prevention, to increase opportunities for mental health consultation, to promote both primary and secondary prevention of depression, and to create a supportive environment for mental health promotion. Community-based suicide prevention programs were started in some communities of model projects that are financially supported by Akita Prefectural government. Efforts to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based suicide prevention programs are needed in the future.
Impact of Practice Arrangements on Physicians' Satisfaction

Abstract This research examines the effect of practice arrangements on five dimensions of physicians' satisfaction (i.e., personal factors, resources, peer review, profession, and state regulations) and the moderating effect of job autonomy and decision making on this relationship. This research finds that physicians who work for HMOs and hospitals are more satisfied with job resources, regulatory climate, and their professions, compared with physicians who are self-employed (solo and group practices). Physicians who work for HMOs and hospitals have less autonomy and decision-making power, compared with self-employed physicians. Also, job autonomy partially moderates the relationship between organizational arrangement and physicians' satisfaction with job resources and satisfaction with the profession. Decision making does not moderate the organizational arrangement and physicians' satisfaction relationship.
Integration of articulatory dynamic parameters in HMM/BN based speech recognition system

In this paper, we describe several approaches to integration of the articulatory dynamic parameters along with articulatory position data into a HMM/BN model based automatic speech recognition system. This work is a continuation of our previous study, where we have successfully combined speech acoustic features in form of MFCC with articulatory position observations. Articulatory dynamic parameters are represented by velocity and acceleration coefficients calculated as first and second derivatives of the articulatory position data. All these features are integrated using the HMM/BN acoustic model where each feature corresponds to different Bayesian Network variable. By changing the BN topology we can change the way articulatory and acoustic parameters are combined. The evaluation experiments showed that the effect of the articulatory dynamic features greatly depends on the BN structure and that careful data analysis is essential in gaining knowledge about the underlying dependencies between different information sources. In comparison with conventional HMM system trained on acoustic data only, the HMM/BN system achieved significant improvement of the recognition performance.
The development of an economic quality cost model

An expression of the term "economics of quality' has gone beyond the widely used term of "quality cost'. Traditionally, every time work is redone or when an attempt is made to screen out defects, the cost of quality increases. However, the costs of handling such problems go beyond visible costs of activities like inspection and testing. Conventional cost accounting fails to provide manufacturers with reliable cost information due to the inability of counting so-called invisible and, in particular, intangible costs, and thus there is inaccuracy in calculating overheads. This paper presents an empirical model of the economics of quality as a function of two main components: traditional prevention-appraisal-failure expenses and hidden-opportunity quality loss costs. This process-cost approach looks at costs for a process that allows tracking costs normally associated with production in addition to those traditionally associated with quality. By this approach, it can help manufacturers to view a clearer picture of comprehensive quality costs.
Workforce Diversity in the New Millennium: Prospects for Research

Public organizations in the new millennium are tasked with a myriad of human resource management challenges that stem from workforce diversity, but the field of public administration has not produced a body of research that adequately assists them with these struggles. In 2000, Wise and Tschirhart called for “greater contribution from public administration scholars to the body of research focusing on how human diversity can best be managed to produce positive results. ” They found that existing research contributed little usable knowledge for diversity management policies and programs. The authors examine whether their call for more rigorous and more practice-oriented research has been heeded by identifying articles on workforce diversity published in a core set of public administration journals since 2000. A broad overview of the literature on diversity is provided, followed by a more focused discussion of empirical research on employment diversity, diversity management, and organizational outputs and outcomes. It is found that although diversity issues remain salient to public administration scholarship, usable knowledge is in short supply. A substantial share of this research can be categorized as focusing on representative bureaucracy issues. Few empirical studies test diversity effects or hypotheses. Some empirical work explains factors beyond the control of human resource policies or practicing managers, which makes findings less useful to practitioners. The research suffers from inadequate data, little innovation in methodology, and insufficient attention to empirical connections between diversity and organizational results.
Réaction des banques centrales aux prix des actifs financiers et au taux de change

In an open economy model in which the price of financial assets (equities) is introduced, we consider the issue of whether, and how, the Central Bank should react to the exchange rate and to the price of equities. A fixed exchange rate regime is then considered and its potentially harmful effect in case of financial shocks is underlined. The case where the Central Bank does not know the shocks, and the issue of instrument choice in case of instrument smoothing, are also examined. The analysis is finally extended to a two-country model and the effect of cooperation between Central Banks for the issue at hand is studied. Classification JEL : E 44, E52, F42.
Building urban climate resilience: learning from the ACCCRN experience in India

This article highlights the various methodologies adopted for the preparation of climate resilience strategy in seven cities (Surat, Indore, Gorakhpur, Guwahati, Shimla, Bhubaneswar and Mysore) of India under the Asian Cities Climate Change Resilience Network (ACCCRN) programme. It analyses these methodologies and the overall processes adopted in each of these cities for its potential for replication and brings out the inherent challenges, gaps and opportunities in achieving this. Discussions with the key city stakeholders involved in the ACCCRN process and implementing partners were conducted to understand their views on the need and efficacy of resilience planning in Indian cities as well as the challenges encountered by them during the process. Several issues and suggestions that have emerged from the experiences of the city stakeholders could guide city-level engagements in future. Based on these experiences, key lessons have been highlighted with the aim of guiding the cities to undertake urban resilience planning in future.
Enterprise education as pedagogy

Purpose – This paper seeks to suggest that the most appropriate way to construe the concept of enterprise education is from a pedagogical viewpoint. Enterprise education as pedagogy is argued to be the most appropriate way to think about the concept and serves to demarcate it from entrepreneurship education, which is very much about business start‐up and the new venture creation process.Design/methodology/approach – Enterprise education is underpinned by experiential action learning that can be in, outside and away from the normal classroom environment. It can be delivered across a range of subject areas throughout different phases of education.Findings – Enterprise and entrepreneurship education are perceived to be conflated terms that for many in the education and business communities mean much the same thing. Adopting an enterprise education approach allows greater pupil/student ownership of the learning process.Practical implications – Enterprise education as pedagogy advocates an approach to teaching.
Quality of life in newly diagnosed cancer patients waiting for surgery is seriously impaired

Newly diagnosed cancer patients waiting for initial surgery experience a stressful time. Study objectives were (1) to examine the quality of life (QL) of these patients by comparing QL (a) between the four diagnostic groups included in this study, (b) to the QL of the general population, (2) to determine the factors that contribute most to patients' overall QL.
非血缘脐血移植与HLA相合同胞外周血干细胞移植治疗成人恶性血液病的对比研究

目的 比较单份清髓非血缘脐血移植（UCBT）与HLA相合同胞外周血干细胞移植（PBSCT）治疗成人恶性血液病的疗效。 方法 自2011年4月1日至2015年12月31日，共81例单份清髓UCBT与57例HLA相合同胞PBSCT患者入组进行比较。 所有患者均采用清髓性预处理方案，环孢素A联合霉酚酸酯预防移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）。 结果 移植后42 d（+42 d）UCBT组中性粒细胞累积植入率为95. 0%（95%CI 87.0%~98.1%），同胞PBSCT组为100%（P=0.863）。 +100 d UCBT组血小板累积植入率低于同胞PBSCT组[87.3%（95%CI 76.8%~93.1%）对98. 2%（95%CI 87.3%~99.7%），P=0.005]。 +100 d UCBT组Ⅱ~Ⅳ度急性GVHD、Ⅲ/Ⅳ度急性GVHD的累积发生率分别为18. 2%（95%CI 9.1%~26.4%）、10.4%（95%CI 3.3%~16.9%），同胞PBSCT组分别为8. 9%（95%CI 1.1%~16.1%）、7.1%（95%CI 1.4%~13.7%），差异均无统计学意义（P=0.142，P=0.521）。 UCBT组3年慢性GVHD、广泛型慢性GVHD累积发生率均低于同胞PBSCT组[14.9%（95%CI 5.2%~23.5%）对35.2%（95%CI 19.4%~47.8%），P=0.008；11.2%（95%CI 2.9%~18.7%）对31.4%（95%CI 16.2%~43.9%），P=0.009]。 UCBT组、同胞PBSCT组3年移植相关死亡率（TRM）差异无统计学意义[30.1%（95%CI 19.2%~41.7%）对23. 2%（95%CI 13.1%~35.0%），P=0.464]。 UCBT组3年疾病复发率低于同胞PBSCT组[12.9%（95%CI 6.6%~21.5%）对24. 3%（95%CI 13.5%~36.8%），P=0.039]。 UCBT、同胞PBSCT组3年总生存率、无病生存率差异均无统计学意义[58.6%（95%CI 45.4%~69.7%）对54. 8%（95%CI 39.9%~67.4%），P=0.634；57.0%（95%CI 44.0%~68.0%）对52. 4%（95%CI 38.2%~64.9%），P=0.563]。 UCBT组3年无GVHD及复发生存（GRFS）率高于同胞PBSCT组[55.7%（95%CI 44.1%~65.8%）对42.9%（95%CI 29.8%~55.3%），P=0.047]。 结论 对于成人恶性血液病，UCBT与HLA相合同胞PBSCT具有相似的急性GVHD发生率、TRM、总生存率和无病生存率，但UCBT组具有较低的慢性GVHD发生率及疾病复发率。