Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Publications in the field of Agrarian Sciences in the Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências: what next?

It is easy to state that agriculture is a driving force for Brazilian economy. Brazil is a major player in the world due to its agriculture being one of the main world producers of sugarcane, soybean, maize, coffee, amongst others. In more recent years the continuous increase in crop production, whilst keeping the total area of cultivated land almost unaltered, is one example of the tremendous advances obtained in agriculture. The participation of the agribusiness in the Brazilian Gross Domestic Product was 22.34% in 2010 (source: Centro de Estudos Avancados em Economia Aplicada (CEPEA, ESALQ/USP) - Confederacao da Agricultura e Pecuaria do Brasil, (CNA) http://www.cepea. esalq.usp. br). The field “Agricultural Sciences” in the Essential Science Indicators SM of the ISI Web of Knowledge SM (Thomson Reuters) was updated on November 1, 2011 for papers published from January 1, 2001 until August 31, 2011 (10 years + 8 months period). Analysis revealed that amongst the 22 fields for Brazil, Agricultural Sciences ranked 5 th , 11 th and 20 th for the number of papers published (13,231), total citations (40,894) and citations/paper (3.09), respectively. When the Brazilian Agricultural Sciences field performance was compared to other countries, using the same tool “Country/Territory Rankings in Agricultural Sciences”, the field ranked 3 rd , 13 th and 92 nd for the number of papers published, total citations and citations/paper, respectively. In 2010 and 2011 (up to the December 4 th 2011), the Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias (AABC) received for evaluation 202 and 298 manuscripts respectively, an increase of 47.5% in 2011 over 2010. The submission of manuscripts related to Agrarian Sciences increased from 27 in 2010 to 49 in 2011, an 81.5% increase. AABC published 97 papers in 2010 and 112 papers in 2011, of which 10 and 12 papers respectively, were in the field of Agrarian Sciences, approximately 10-11% of the total in each year. These results mean that the rate of rejection of papers in Agrarian Sciences was considerably increased. It is important however to comment that AABC is a multidisciplinary journal and independent of the number of submissions, the key factor that should never be ignored, is the importance of publishing high quality papers. A quick evaluation of the 22 papers published in AABC over the last two years reveals a wide range of topics in the subject of Agrarian Sciences. For instance, the work of Martins et al. (2010) questioned whether the parasitic fauna of the Nile fish Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) could be affected by different production systems. The efficiency of boron application in an Oxisol cultivated with banana in
Towards a New Theory of Organizations

This collection was inspired by the idea of reassessing the importance of David Silverman's "Theory of Organizations". The 12 essays contained here explore, in varied ways, the impact and current status of Silverman's ideas and how they relate to future directions in organization theory. The volume opens with a chapter by Silverman himself. Subsequent chapters investigate key issues in the study of organizations, including structure and agency, the politics of organization theory and the meanings of post-positivist organizational analysis. Contemporary debates on postmodernism, the emotions, gender and structuration are discussed in the context of the development of organizational theory in the last 25 years. Providing insights into the continuities within orgnizational theory and provoking thought about future directions, this volume should be of interest to advanced undergraduates and academics in the sociology of organizations, organizational behaviour, management, industrial relations and social theory. The editors' other works include: "Sociology and Organisation Theory" Hassard (CUP, 1993); and "Postmodernism and Organisation".
What Causes Environmental Inequalities and Related Health Effects? An Analysis of Evolving Concepts

Early environmental justice studies were exposure-oriented, lacked an integrated approach, and did not address the health impact of environmental inequalities. A coherent conceptual framework, needed to understand and tackle environmental inequalities and the related health effects, was lacking. We analyzed the more recent environmental justice literature to find out how conceptual insights have evolved. The conceptual framework of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH) was analyzed for additional explanations for environmental inequalities and the related health effects. This paper points out that recent environmental justice studies have broadened their scope by incorporating a broader set of physical and social environmental indicators, and by focusing on different geographic levels and on health impacts of environmental inequalities. The CSDH framework provided additional elements such as the role of structural determinants, the role of health-related behavior in relation to the physical and social environment, access to health care, as well as the life course perspective. Incorporating elements of the CSDH framework into existing environmental justice concepts, and performing more empirical research on the interactions between the different determinants at different geographical levels would further improve our understanding of environmental inequalities and their health effects and offer new opportunities for policy action.
A multisubunit particle implicated in membrane fusion

The N-ethylmaleimide sensitive fusion protein (NSF) is required for fusion of lipid bilayers at many locations within eukaryotic cells. Binding of NSF to Golgi membranes is known to require an integral membrane receptor and one or more members of a family of related soluble NSF attachment proteins (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-SNAPs). Here we demonstrate the direct interaction of NSF, SNAPs and an integral membrane component in a detergent solubilized system. We show that NSF only binds to SNAPs in the presence of the integral receptor, resulting in the formation of a multisubunit protein complex with a sedimentation coefficient of 20S. Particle assembly reveals striking differences between members of the SNAP protein family; gamma-SNAP associates with the complex via a binding site distinct from that used by alpha- and beta-SNAPs, which are themselves equivalent, alternative subunits of the particle. Once formed, the 20S particle is subsequently able to disassemble in a process coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP. We suggest how cycles of complex assembly and disassembly could help confer specificity to the generalized NSF-dependent fusion apparatus.
Neural correlates of reward in autism

Background Lack of social interaction, which is characteristically seen in people with autistic-spectrum disorder, may be caused by malfunctioning of the frontostriatal reward systems. However, no reported in vivo brain imaging studies have investigated reward mechanisms in autistic-spectrum disorder. Aims To investigate functional brain activation during reward feedback in people with autistic-spectrum disorder and control individuals. Method We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural substrates of monetary reward in individuals with autistic-spectrum disorder and matched controls. Results When rewarded, individuals with autism compared with control individuals showed significantly greater brain activation in the left anterior cingulate gyrus. In addition, activation of this region was negatively correlated with social interaction as measured by the Autism Diagnostic Interview. Conclusions In people with autistic-spectrum disorder, achieving reward is associated with significant differences in the activation of areas known to be responsible for attention and arousal, and this may partially underpin some deficits in social behaviour.
Synthesis of Research: EON: A Component-Based Approach to Automation of Protocol-Directed Therapy

Provision of automated support for planning protocol-directed therapy requires a computer program to take as input clinical data stored in an electronic patient-record system and to generate as output recommendations for therapeutic interventions and laboratory testing that are defined by applicable protocols. This paper presents a synthesis of research carried out at Stanford University to model the therapy-planning task and to demonstrate a component-based architecture for building protocol-based decision-support systems. We have constructed general-purpose software components that (1) interpret abstract protocol specifications to construct appropriate patient-specific treatment plans; (2) infer from time-stamped patient data higher-level, interval-based, abstract concepts; (3) perform time-oriented queries on a time-oriented patient database; and (4) allow acquisition and maintenance of protocol knowledge in a manner that facilitates efficient processing both by humans and by computers. We have implemented these components in a computer system known as EON. Each of the components has been developed, evaluated, and reported independently. We have evaluated the integration of the components as a composite architecture by implementing T-HELPER, a computer-based patient-record system that uses EON to offer advice regarding the management of patients who are following clinical trial protocols for AIDS or HIV infection. A test of the reuse of the software components in a different clinical domain demonstrated rapid development of a prototype application to support protocol-based care of patients who have breast cancer.
Absorption spectra and linear dichroism of some amphibian photoreceptors

Absorption spectra and linear dichroism of dark-adapted, isolated photoreceptors of mudpuppies, larval and adult tiger salamanders, and tropical toads were measured microspectrophotometrically. Spectral half- band width, dichroic ratio, and transverse specific density were determined using averaged polarized absorptance spectra and photomicrographs of seven types of rod outer segments. Two classes of cells were found, one with higher specific density and dichroic ratio, associable with the presence of rhodopsins, the other, lower in both quantities, associable with porphyropsins. Relationships were derived to calculate the product of molar concentration and extinction coefficient (CEmax) from specific density and dichroic ratio. By utilizing the hypothesis of invariance of oscillator strengths and measured half-band widths, Emax values were independently determined, permitting the calculation of C. The pigment concentration for all cells tested was about 3.5 mM. The broadness of green rod pigment spectra is correlated with reduced molar absorptivity and reduced cellular specific density. Estimation of physiological spectral sensitivities is discussed. Based on dichroic ratio considerations, a model is proposed for the orientation of retinals in situ which could account for the apparent degree of alignment of transition moments. In the chosen orientation, the ring portion of conjugation becomes primarily responsible for axial extinction. Reduced dichroism of dehydroretinal-bearing cells can thus result from the extended ring conjugation of chromophores. Some inferences derivable from the model are discussed.
A Formal Approach to Reasoning about the Effectiveness of Partial Evaluation

We introduce a framework for assessing the effectiveness of partial evaluators in functional logic languages. Our framework is based on properties of the rewrite system that models a functional logic program. Consequently, our assessment is independent of any specific language implementation or computing environment. We define several criteria for measuring the cost of a computation: number of steps, number of function applications, and pattern matching effort. Most importantly, we express the cost of each criterion by means of recurrence equations over algebraic data types, which can be automatically inferred from the partial evaluation process itself. In some cases, the equations can be solved by transforming their arguments from arbitrary data types to natural numbers. In other cases, it is possible to estimate the improvement of a partial evaluation by analyzing the associated cost recurrence equations.
Recycling of crop residues for sustainable crop production in wheat-peanut rotation system

Field experiments were conducted in sandy soil of West-Samalout, Minia, Egypt, under the auspices of (FAO/IAEA), Vienna, Austria, from December 1996 to October 1999. The main objectives of these experiments are (i) to obtain long-term effects of applications of crop residues on crop nutrition, yields and soil fertility; (ii) improve process level understanding of nutrient flows through the use of isotopic techniques and (iii) to enhance the efficiency of using nutrients by wheat-peanut rotation system. The experiment consisted of four treatments: (i) T1-N labelled (NH4)2SO4, 60 kg N ha at 9.82% N with unlabelled residues; (ii) T2-N labelled wheat residues 26 kg N ha at 1.94% N a.e, applied at the end of the first season; (iii) T3 to generate unlabelled residues and yield and (iv) T4-N labelled (NH4)2SO4, 60 kg N ha at 9.82% N a.e. , applied at the beginning of the first season, without residues. The Ndff recoveries during the first season in T1 and T4 treatments were 26.8% and 25.6% respectively, while N remaining in soil was 24.6% and 24.5% for T1 and T4, respectively. Thus, the total N accounted (in plant and soil) were 51.4% for T1 and 50.2% for T4. After the second crop, the total N recovery was 24.9% and 13% for T1 and T4 treatments, respectively. The application of the crop residues seems to decrease the N losses from the soil. Recoveries of %Ndfr by wheat from the labelled residue (T2) were 1.0% and 0.4% during the seasons 3 and 5, respectively, while recoveries of %Ndfr by peanut from T2 treatments were 3.7, 4.1 and 0.3 during the seasons 2, 4 and 6 respectively. In the following five seasons (peanut-wheat-peanut-wheat-peanut) total N recovery by plant and soil were 66.7, 52.5, 34.3, 24.9 and 16.4%, respectively.
INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES AND BANK PERFORMANCE ( CASE STUDY : MELLI BANK BRANCHES IN GUILAN PROVINCE )

Strategic management of the human resources is a new, general and comprehensive approach to manage the staff affairs and coordinate the human resources strategies to the business strategies in the organization. It has addressed some long-term issues in the organization and has designed some policies in facing internal and external conditions of the organization and has caused to form the creativity. In this study, the implementation effects of the strategic management of the human resources on Melli performance have been considered. The main issue of this study is that whether the strategic management of the human resources and the use of its main functions in MelliBank branches in Guilan Province can reinforce the bank performance or not. Hence, in the current study, seven indicators presented by Akhtar et al., (2008) derived from the indicators presented by Delery and Doty (1996) have been utilized. The current study is a correlation study and its information has been collected by the questionnaires from 307 bank staff. The results of this study indicate that, by implementing the seven components of the strategic management of the human resources, we can improve the performance of the bank services. So that, among these components, sharing profits of the bank with the staff has the highest relationship with improving the performance of the staff. Also, job security has the lowest correlation with improving the performance of the staff. As the sharing profit can predict more than 21% of the bank performance improvement, the job security can predict only 3.6% of the bank performance improvement. The other five parameters are as follows: the outcome-based evaluation with the coefficient of 45.0%, the staff participation with the coefficient of 38.8%, the internal job opportunities with the coefficient of 38.4%, fostering human resources with the coefficient of 36.7% and the job quality with the coefficient of 34.9%.
Premenstrual and Menstrual Changes in the Macaque and Human Endometrium

Abstract: According to current theory, endometriosis is initiated during retrograde menstruation when menstrual fragments flow out of the fimbriated end of the fallopian tubes and become established on the ovarian surface or other sites in the peritoneal cavity. In recent years, new data have accumulated on the properties of menstruating tissue itself, and several laboratories agree that this tissue is rich in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that may facilitate endometriotic implantation. Recently, we found that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor VEGFR‐2 (KDR) were dramatically upregulated in the stromal cells of the superficial endometrial zones by progesterone (P) withdrawal during the premenstrual phase. A unique role of VEGF at this stage of the cycle may be to stimulate MMP expression in stromal cells because VEGF, KDR, and MMPs were all coordinately induced in these cells in the superficial zone of the primate endometrium by P withdrawal. The rich content of MMPs and VEGF in the menstrual fragments could facilitate attachment and angiogenesis of menstrual fragments in ectopic sites. In addition, a variety of chemokines, cytokines, and cellular regulators are induced by P withdrawal in the premenstrual human endometrium. These include NFκB, prostaglandins, interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), and monocyte chemotactic peptide‐1 (MCP‐1), among others. The perivascular expression of several of these factors may facilitate the rapid invasion of leukocytes into the endometrium, especially in the superficial zones. Consequently, menstrual fragments may be rich in IL‐8 and MCP‐1, both of which would add to the angiogenic potential of such fragments in ectopic sites. In sum, menstrual tissue is rich in VEGF, KDR, MMPs, leukocytes, chemokines, cytokines, and prostaglandins, all factors that may facilitate attachment and angiogenesis when menstrual fragments exit from the tubes and implant on pelvic sites. Additional research on these and other factors in premenstrual and menstrual endometrium may deepen our understanding of both the establishment and progression of this debilitating disease.
Information Support Services for Intermediation Tasks of Collaborative Networks

Companies in collaborative networks require intermediation to perform. The collaborative network forms the breeding environment for the configuration of a Virtual Enterprise that can handle a business request. This configuration task can be supported by IT services. For collaborative networks such as production networks focused on non-digital services and products we propose to assign specific intermediation tasks to a human network moderator supported by these IT services. The obvious support is targeted for the configuration of the Virtual Enterprise i.e. the search and selection from the available products, services, and competences found among the network participants. The configuration decision can jeopardize the network performance by harming the trust necessary to build new Virtual Enterprises. Through a further intermediation task trust can be inspired and promoted in the network. This article shows how the configuration is supported by a Decision Support Service and how a Transparency Support Service supports the downloading and acceptance of decisions in collaborative networks. The article outlines the IT supportive service system and exemplifies the use by a scenario example. Results on intermediation in collaborative networks can prove helpful for general service science problems.
Globus pallidus internus pallidotomy for generalized dystonia

The authors present a young boy with severe generalized dystonia treated with bilateral simultaneous pallidotomy. Microelectrode recordings with the patient under propofol anesthesia showed that the mean discharge rate of globus pallidus internus (GPi) neurons was between 21 and 31 Hz. This contracts sharply with the mean GPi neuronal firing rates of approximately 80 Hz that are characteristic of Parkinson's disease. The patient had no immediate benefit from surgery, but a progressive improvement in both axial and limb dystonia began within 3 days. The Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden scores were 75 (maximum possible = 120) at baseline, 52 at 5 days, and 16 at 3 months after surgery. The mechanism of action of pallidotoy for dystonia and the reasons for the delayed and progressive improvement are unknown. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the improvement and the safety of the procedure in this one patient warrant a careful evaluation of pallidotomy for dystonia.
Exploring the Morphospace of Communication Efficiency in Complex Networks

Graph theoretical analysis has played a key role in characterizing global features of the topology of complex networks, describing diverse systems such as protein interactions, food webs, social relations and brain connectivity. How system elements communicate with each other depends not only on the structure of the network, but also on the nature of the system's dynamics which are constrained by the amount of knowledge and resources available for communication processes. Complementing widely used measures that capture efficiency under the assumption that communication preferentially follows shortest paths across the network (“routing”), we define analytic measures directed at characterizing network communication when signals flow in a random walk process (“diffusion”). The two dimensions of routing and diffusion efficiency define a morphospace for complex networks, with different network topologies characterized by different combinations of efficiency measures and thus occupying different regions of this space. We explore the relation of network topologies and efficiency measures by examining canonical network models, by evolving networks using a multi-objective optimization strategy, and by investigating real-world network data sets. Within the efficiency morphospace, specific aspects of network topology that differentially favor efficient communication for routing and diffusion processes are identified. Charting regions of the morphospace that are occupied by canonical, evolved or real networks allows inferences about the limits of communication efficiency imposed by connectivity and dynamics, as well as the underlying selection pressures that have shaped network topology.