Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uniform distribution of the number of voters per constituency on the basis of a mathematical model

U ovom radu predložen je matematicki model, na osnovi kojeg je moguce definirati maksimalno kompaktne i dobro razdijeljene izborne jedinice, koje se po broju biraca međusobno mogu razlikovati najvise za 5%. Model se temelji na primjeni klaster analize uz postivanje zakonom propisanih pravila prema kojem izborne jedinice trebaju imati približno jednak broj biraca. Metoda je ilustrirana na primjeru dostupnih podataka iz 2007. godine te tako dobivenu raspodjelu izbornih jedinica ne treba shvatiti kao konacni prijedlog rjesenja, vec iskljucivo kao prikaz mogucnosti koje nudi ova metodologija. Prema trenutno važecem zakonu izbori se u Republici Hrvatskoj provode u 10 izbornih jedinica. U radu je predloženo nekoliko pristupa poznatih iz literature na osnovi kojih je moguce definirati primjereni broj izbornih jedinica, koje zadržavaju svojstvo maksimalne unutrasnje kompaktnosti i dobre razdijeljenosti.
(Up)lifting the ground level: Recreational green rooftops as integrated part of the cities green infrastructure

Many large cities in the world have an unhealthy stressful urban climate: air pollution, lack of water retention, lack of biodiversity, urban heat island effects, etc. There is also a lack of space in the urban environment and predictions are that urbanisation and densification will increase (United Nations, 2007). Urban green is regarded as big part of the solution for the environmental challenges that cities are facing. Ecosystem services, (Bolund a Hunhammar, 1999) in cities should be planned for. Physical needs, security of existence, social and psychological needs can all benefit from green interventions (Hop a Hiemstra, 2013). Therefore, it is very important that local governments have ambitious green policies. The challenge in a densified city is space, where new dwellings need to be built, which leaves almost no space for green development. However, since the 1980s rooftop green was introduced. Projects were developed which resulted in beautiful green roofscapes. There are some critical remarks though: First, they primarily occur in the private sector. Second, public green roofs are often unknown by citizens, as they are hardly seen from ground level and often have bad accessibility. Since mid 2000’s, green facades began to emerge and green architecture became a fact. The advantages of green facades, in contrast with green roofs, is that they are visible from the street level. However, one cannot walk through a green facade. The third problem of green vertical and rooftop interventions is that they are implemented on a small scale scattered all over, with little to no interaction with the ground level. The effects of those green interventions are still very local, many potential synergies are unused.Green roofs and facades are mainly architectural projects and are connected to the isolation of the building. There is not enough attention for this type of green interventions yet from a landscape architectural point of view. This research shows an exploration of how city green can be optimized by integrating the facade-and rooftop green into the neighbourhood landscape. Rotterdam, the Netherlands, will be the main focus due to the many green roof interventions and number of flat roofs. The results show a stepwise approach how an existing city can transform into a biophilic one. Rooftop and facade green can be an extension of the ground level landscape and together form a new green urban landscape. To integrate the surrounding landscape into the city, requirements for new developments are set regarding historical structures, view lines, native species, etc. The city becomes part of the ‘natural’ landscape again. So there is "daily human contact with nature as well as the many environmental and economic values provided by nature and natural systems" (Beatley, 2011).
Cold-contracture and ATP-turnover in the red and white musculature of the pig, post mortem.

Cold-contracture at 2°C has been studied in some 8 multitoned muscles in the hind limb of the pig, in relation to the myoglobin content. Maximal myo-fibrillar ATPase activity has also been measured, as a guide to muscle speed. Contracture occurs in two phases, the first phase being highly pH and load-dependent. The latter is much restricted in extent below pH 6.7. Second phase contracture is akin to rigor contracture at higher temperatures; it can be extensive in some muscles, such as LD and SM(W) which often have initial pH values too low for phase 1 contracture to occur. Phase 1 contracture is highly correlated with the myoglobin content whereas muscle speed is inversely related to it. In these pig muscles, therefore, the fast/white, slow/red rule applies in all cases except the LD, which is white and fast, but cold-contracts as vigorously as the red muscles. An explanation of this anomaly is put forward in terms of the actomyosin ATPase, turned on by the postulated release of Ca2+ at temperatures below 15°C.
Scalable implicit finite element solver for massively parallel processing with demonstration to 160K cores

Implicit methods for partial differential equations using unstructured meshes allow for an efficient solution strategy for many real-world problems (e.g., simulation-based virtual surgical planning). Scalable solvers employing these methods not only enable solution of extremely-large practical problems but also lead to dramatic compression in time-to-solution. We present a parallelization paradigm and associated procedures that enable our implicit, unstructured flow-solver to achieve strong scalability. We consider fluid-flow examples in two application areas to show the effectiveness of our procedures that yield near-perfect strong-scaling on various (including near-petascale) systems. The first area includes a double-throat nozzle (DTN) whereas the second considers a patient-specific abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) model. We present excellent strong-scaling on three cases ranging from relatively small to large; a DTN model with O(106) elements up to 8,192 cores (9 core-doublings), an AAA model with O(108) elements up to 32,768 cores (6 core-doublings) and O(109) elements up to 163,840 cores.
Dietary Intake, Eating Behaviors, and Diurnal Patterns of Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase Secretion Among Professional Young Adult Female Tennis Players.

PURPOSE The aims of study were to examine the eating behaviors among 26 professional female tennis players and to assess the diurnal patterns of stress hormones through the measurement of awakening and diurnal profiles of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and cortisol concentrations. METHODS Eating behaviors were assessed through three questionnaires (Eating Attitudes Test-26; Eating Disorders Inventory 2; and Body Shape Questionnaire), food intake by a 7-day diet record, and menstrual status by questionnaire. Perceived stress scale and anxiety state were also evaluated. Saliva samples were collected at awakening, 30 min, 60 min, and 12 hr post awakening after 6-days' rest. RESULTS Forty-six percent of tennis players presented Disordered Eating attitudes (DE) (n = 12) with a lower body mass index, and higher state anxiety as compared with the group without DE. No differences in the Perceived Stress Scale scores were noted. Mean energy intake, protein and carbohydrates intakes were lower (p < .05) in the DE group as compared with the group without DE. Although in both groups, sAA concentrations presented a decrease in the first 30 min after awakening, and then progressively rose toward the afternoon, DE players exhibited reduced concentrations of the sAA with a decrease in its overall day secretion. Moreover, they showed a higher overall day secretion of salivary cortisol and a higher Cortisol Awakening Response. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the activity of the sympathetic nervous system is impaired whereas the cortisol awakening response is enhanced. The long-term consequences of these modifications on health remain to be elucidated.
Efficiency, Trust, and Visual Appeal: Usability Testing through Eye Tracking

Creating a positive user experience is a fundamental element of producing a successful web page. Three important components of user experience are visual appeal, trust, and efficiency. This study extends past research by examining the effect of images of faces on the visual appeal, efficiency, and trustworthiness of a page. Data is collected using both subjective ratings and objective measurements, including eye tracking. Analysis indicates that users find a page that has images of people's faces more appealing than a page that has no images of faces and perform tasks more quickly when there are faces present. Additionally, analysis reveals a strong positive correlation between trusting the informational content of a page and its visual appeal. This research has important implications for theory and practical applications.
Telomere Lengths, Pulmonary Fibrosis and Telomerase (TERT) Mutations

Background Telomerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the addition of nucleotides on the ends of chromosomes. Rare loss of function mutations in the gene that encodes the protein component of telomerase (TERT) have been described in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Here we examine the telomere lengths and pulmonary fibrosis phenotype seen in multiple kindreds with heterozygous TERT mutations. Methods and Findings We have identified 134 individuals with heterozygous TERT mutations from 21 unrelated families. Available medical records, surgical lung biopsies and radiographs were evaluated retrospectively. Genomic DNA isolated from circulating leukocytes has been used to measure telomere lengths with a quantitative PCR assay. We find that telomere lengths of TERT mutation carriers decrease in an age-dependent manner and show progressive shortening with successive generations of mutation inheritance. Family members without TERT mutations have a shorter mean telomere length than normal, demonstrating epigenetic inheritance of shortened telomere lengths in the absence of an inherited TERT mutation. Pulmonary fibrosis is an age-dependent phenotype not seen in mutation carriers less than 40 years of age but found in 60% of men 60 years or older; its development is associated with environmental exposures including cigarette smoking. A radiographic CT pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), which is consistent with a diagnosis of IPF, is seen in 74% of cases and a pathologic pattern of UIP is seen in 86% of surgical lung biopsies. Pulmonary fibrosis associated with TERT mutations is progressive and lethal with a mean survival of 3 years after diagnosis. Overall, TERT mutation carriers demonstrate reduced life expectancy, with a mean age of death of 58 and 67 years for males and females, respectively. Conclusions A subset of pulmonary fibrosis, like dyskeratosis congenita, bone marrow failure, and liver disease, represents a “telomeropathy” caused by germline mutations in telomerase and characterized by short telomere lengths. Family members within kindreds who do not inherit the TERT mutation have shorter telomere lengths than controls, demonstrating epigenetic inheritance of a shortened parental telomere length set-point.
Efectos de la vegetación en la estabilidad de laderas: una revisión

A la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa se le asocian tanto factores condicionantes, que reducen la resistencia del suelo, como factores desencadenantes, que incrementan ciertas fuerzas que generan inestabilidad en el terreno. Entre estos factores, la presencia de vegetacion tiene un papel importante asociado principalmente a mecanismos hidrologicos, como evapotranspiracion e infiltracion de lluvia, y a mecanismos mecanicos, como el refuerzo que aportan las raices de los arboles y el peso de los mismos. En esta revision se identifica la influencia de la vegetacion en la estabilidad de laderas, describiendo los mecanismos que intervienen en la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa, senalando la forma en que afectan o benefician la estabilidad segun las propiedades del terreno, condiciones climaticas y caracteristicas del medio ambiente.
Reduced Basis Error Bound Computation of Parameter-Dependent Navier-Stokes Equations by the Natural Norm Approach

This work focuses on the a posteriori error estimation for the reduced basis method applied to partial differential equations with quadratic nonlinearity and affine parameter dependence. We rely on natural norms—local parameter-dependent norms—to provide a sharp and computable lower bound of the inf-sup constant. We prove a formulation of the Brezzi-Rappaz-Raviart existence and uniqueness theorem in the presence of two distinct norms. This allows us to relax the existence condition and to sharpen the field variable error bound. We also provide a robust algorithm to compute the Sobolev embedding constants involved in the error bound and in the inf-sup lower bound computation. We apply our method to a steady natural convection problem in a closed cavity, with a Grashof number varying from 10 to $10^7$.
Large-Scale Parallel Monte Carlo Tree Search on GPU

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a method for making optimal decisions in artificial intelligence (AI) problems, typically move planning in combinatorial games. It combines the generality of random simulation with the precision of tree search. The motivation behind this work is caused by the emerging GPU-based systems and their high computational potential combined with relatively low power usage compared to CPUs. As a problem to be solved I chose to develop an AI GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)-based agent in the game of Reversi (Othello) which provides a sufficiently complex problem for tree searching with non-uniform structure and an average branching factor of over 8. I present an efficient parallel GPU MCTS implementation based on the introduced 'block-parallelism' scheme which combines GPU SIMD thread groups and performs independent searches without any need of intra-GPU or inter-GPU communication. I compare it with a simple leaf parallel scheme which implies certain performance limitations. The obtained results show that using my GPU MCTS implementation on the TSUBAME 2.0 system one GPU can be compared to 100-200 CPU threads depending on factors such as the search time and other MCTS parameters in terms of obtained results. I propose and analyze simultaneous CPU/GPU execution which improves the overall result.
FAHP evaluation of parts design scheme in supplier involved product development

In this paper, the FAHP method is adopted to assess the supplier and each alternative design scheme separately with evaluation class and performance indicator. The integrated performance indicator of each design scheme is obtained by aggregating evaluation class of its supplier and its performance indicator is used to be the criteria for measurement and selection. An illustrative example with the development of LCD in a company is introduced to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Modeling and measuring graph similarity: the case for centrality distance

The study of the topological structure of complex networks has fascinated researchers for several decades, and today we have a fairly good understanding of the types and reoccurring characteristics of many different complex networks. However, surprisingly little is known today about models to compare complex graphs, and quantitatively measure their similarity. This paper proposes a natural similarity measure for complex networks: centrality distance, the difference between two graphs with respect to a given node centrality. Centrality distances allow to take into account the specific roles of the different nodes in the network, and have many interesting applications. As a case study, we consider the closeness centrality in more detail, and show that closeness centrality distance can be used to effectively distinguish between randomly generated and actual evolutionary paths of two dynamic social networks.
KNOWLEDGE MARKET DESIGN :AF IELD EXPERIMENT

In a field experiment at Google Answers, we investigate the performance of price-based online knowledge markets by systematically manipulating prices. Specifically, we study the effects of price, tip, and a reputation system on both an answerer’s effort and answer quality by posting real reference questions from the Internet Public Library on Google Answers under different pricing schemes. We find that a higher price leads to a significantly longer, but not better, answer, while an answerer with a higher reputation provides significantly better answers. Our results highlight the limitation of monetary incentives and the importance of reputation systems in knowledge market design.
Parametric regression of 3D medical images through the exploration of non-parametric regression models

Currently there is an increase usage of CT-based bone diagnosis because low-radiation and cost-effective 2D imaging modalities do not provide the necessary 3D information for bone diagnosis. The fundamental objective of our work is to build a model connecting 2D X-ray information to 3D CT information through regression. As a first step we propose an univariate non-parametric regression on individual predictor variables to explore the non-linearity of the data. To later combine these univariate models we then replace them with parametric models. We examine two predictors, shaft length and caput collum diaphysis angle on a database of 182 CT images of femurs. We show that for each predictor it is possible to describe 99% of the variance through a simple up to second order parametric model. These findings will allow us to extend to the multivariate case in the future.
EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE ON THE METABOLIC AND ACID-BASE RESPONSES OF RAINBOW TROUT TO EXHAUSTIVE EXERCISE

In vivo experiments were conducted to determine how the physiological response to exhaustive exercise in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is affected by environmental temperature. The white muscle acid­base status (e.g. pH, PCO2, HCO3- and deltaH+m) and metabolite (e.g. lactate, phosphocreatine, ATP and glycogen) content, and the acid­base status and lactate concentrations in the blood, were measured at rest and during recovery from burst exercise in rainbow trout acclimated to either 5 or 18 °C. Trout acclimated to the warmer temperature had higher resting levels of white muscle phosphocreatine (PCr) and also utilized a greater proportion of their muscle ATP and glycogen stores during burst activity compared with trout acclimated to the colder temperature. Recovery of muscle PCr and glycogen levels was independent of acclimation temperature, but muscle ATP levels recovered faster at 18 °C. Exhaustive exercise resulted in a similar lactacidosis in the muscle of trout acclimated to either temperature. In contrast, temperature had a marked influence on the lactacidosis in the blood. Blood lactate and metabolic proton concentrations following exercise were about twofold greater in fish acclimated to 18 °C than in fish acclimated to 5 °C. Despite the more severe acidosis and the greater lactate accumulation in the plasma of fish acclimated to warmer temperatures, the time required for recovery of these variables was similar to that at 5 °C. Taken together, these results suggest that acclimation temperature does not significantly affect anaerobic capacity in rainbow trout, but may account for much of the documented variability in the dynamics of the lactacidosis in blood following exhaustive exercise in fish.
Relationship between Perceptual Stability and Sighting Dominance

A study was made of perceptual stability (in binocular, right and left monocular vision) and sighting dominance. 47 female psychology students served as subjects. The intention was to verify: (1) the hypothesis of asymmetry between the two eyes in the duration of the retinal image, which is indicative of sensory dominance; (2) the existence of a relationship between the two forms of dominance. The results seem to confirm the first hypothesis. Other relationships between sighting dominance and stability of image emerged. There was a positive correlation between sighting dominance and perceptual stability in binocular vision. There appear to be significant differences in perceptual stability depending on whether subjects show right, left, or no dominance.
NIST 2007 Language Recognition Evaluation: From the Perspective of IIR

This paper describes the Institute for Infocomm Research (IIR) system for the 2007 Language Recognition Evaluation (LRE) conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The submitted system is a fusion of multiple state-ofthe-art language classifiers using diversified discriminative language cues. We implemented several state-of-the-art algorithms using both phonotactic and acoustic features. We also investigated the system fusion and score calibration strategy to improve the performance of language recognition, and worked out a pseudo-key analysis approach to cross-validate the performance of the individual classifiers on the evaluation data. We achieve an equal-error-rate (EER) of 1.67 % on the close-set general language recognition test.
Three-qubit operators, the split Cayley hexagon of order two, and black holes

The set of 63 real generalized Pauli matrices of three-qubits can be factored into two subsets of 35 symmetric and 28 antisymmetric elements. This splitting is shown to be completely embodied in the properties of the Fano plane; the elements of the former set being in a bijective correspondence with the 7 points, 7 lines and 21 flags, whereas those of the latter set having their counterparts in 28 anti-flags of the plane. This representation naturally extends to the one in terms of the split Cayley hexagon of order two. 63 points of the hexagon split into 9 orbits of 7 points (operators) each under the action of an automorphism of order 7. 63 lines of the hexagon carry three points each and represent the triples of operators such that the product of any two gives, up to a sign, the third one. Since this hexagon admits a full embedding in a projective 5-space over GF(2), the 35 symmetric operators are also found to answer to the points of a Klein quadric in such space. The 28 antisymmetric matrices can be associated with the 28 vertices of the Coxeter graph, one of two distinguished subgraphs of the hexagon. The P SL2(7) subgroup of the automorphism group of the hexagon is discussed in detail and the Coxeter sub-geometry is found to be intricately related to the E7-symmetric black-hole entropy formula in string theory. It is also conjectured that the full geometry/symmetry of the hexagon should manifest itself in the corresponding black-hole solutions. Finally, an intriguing analogy with the case of Hopf sphere fibrations and a link with coding theory are briefly mentioned.
Knowledge Management for Keyword Search over Data Graphs

This demo presents exploratory keyword search over data graphs by means of semantic facets. The demo starts with a keyword search over data graphs. Answers are first ranked by an existing search engine that considers their textual relevance and semantic structure. The user can then explore the answers through facets of structural patterns (i.e., schemas) as well as through other features. A particular way of presenting answers in a compact form is also supported and is applicable when looking for a single entity that connects the keywords. The demo is based on a working prototype that users can try on their own. It includes five data graphs that are quite diversified. In particular, three of them were generated from relational databases and two - from RDF triples. The demo shows that the system enables users to easily and quickly perform various search tasks by means of exploration, filtering and summarization.