Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CNN-MonoFusion: Online Monocular Dense Reconstruction Using Learned Depth from Single View

Online dense reconstruction is a major task of Augmented Reality (AR) applications, especially for realistic interactions like collisions and occlusions. Monocular cameras are most widely used on AR equipment, however existing monocular dense reconstruction methods have poor performance in practical applications due to the lack of true depth. This paper presents an online monocular dense reconstruction framework using learned depth, which overcomes the inherent difficulties of reconstruction for low-texture regions or pure rotational motions. Firstly, we design a depth prediction network combined with an adaptive loss, so that our network can be extended to train on mixed datasets with various intrinsic parameters. Then we loosely combine depth prediction with monocular SLAM and frame-wise point cloud fusion to build a dense 3D model of the scene. Experiments validate that our depth prediction from a single view reaches a state-of-the-art accuracy on different benchmarks, and the proposed framework can reconstruct smooth, surface-clear and dense models on various scenes with dedicated point cloud fusion scheme. Furthermore, collision and occlusion detection are tested using our dense model in an AR application, which demonstrates that the proposed framework is particularly suitable for AR scenarios. Our code will be publicly available along with our indoor RGB-D dataset at: https://github.com/NetEaseAI-CVLab/CNN-MonoFusion.
Applying normally-off GaN HEMTs for coreless high-frequency wireless chargers

Wide-bandgap (WBG) devices such as Gallium-Nitride (GaN) High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) have become popular in the power electronics industry as they offer a lower switching loss, higher thermal capability and higher power density than conventional silicon devices. As an attempt of applying WBG devices to the wireless charging technology, this paper adopts two different types of normally-off GaN HEMTs. One adopts the cascode structure provided by Transphorm Inc, operated under 800kHz to charge a battery pack on an electric scooter at 48 V/500W, with the air gap between the transceiver and receiver of ~10cm. The other is enhancement-mode GaN HEMTs provided by GaN Systems Inc, operated at ~6MHz to use one transceiver to charge multiple cell phones @~20W. Both of these chargers have no magnetic cores to reduce the cost and weight. Experimental results show both types of GaN HEMTs significantly increased the charging efficiency over conventional Si devices. Challenges of applying such fast-transition devices are discussed, e.g., common-source inductance and the gate-drive-loop parasitic.
Adaptive robust control to maximizing the power generation of a variable speed wind turbine

The actual wind turbines are provided with adjustable speed generators, like the double feed induction generator, that are capable to work in variable speed operations. One of the main advantage of adjustable speed generators is that they improve the system efficiency compared to fixed speed generators because turbine speed is adjusted as a function of wind speed to maximize output power. However this systems requires a suitable speed controller in order to track the optimal wind turbine reference speed. In this work, an adaptive robust control for variable speed wind power generator is described. The proposed robust control law is based on a sliding mode control theory, that presents a good performance under system uncertainties. The proposed sliding-mode control law incorporates an adaptive switching gain, which avoids having to calculate an upper limit of the system uncertainties that is necessary in the traditional sliding-mode control laws. The stability analysis of the proposed controller under disturbances and parameter uncertainties is provided using the Lyapunov stability theory. Finally simulated results show, on the one hand that the proposed controller provides high-performance dynamic characteristics, and on the other hand that this scheme is robust with respect to plant parameter variations and external disturbances.
Enabling compiler flow for embedded VLIW DSP processors with distributed register files

High-performance and low-power VLIW DSP processors are increasingly deployed on embedded devices to process video and multimedia applications. For reducing power and cost in designs of VLIW DSP processors, distributed register files and multi-bank register architectures are being adopted to eliminate the amount of read/write ports in register files. This presents new challenges for devising compiler optimization schemes for such architectures. In this paper, we address the compiler optimization issues for PAC architecture, which is a 5-way issue DSP processor with distributed register files. We present an integrated flow to address several phases of compiler optimizations in interacting with distributed register files and multi-bank register files in the layer of instruction scheduling, software pipelining, and data flow optimizations. Our experiments on a novel 32-bit embedded VLIW DSP (known as the PAC DSP core) exhibit the state of the art performance for embedded VLIW DSP processors with distributed register files by incorporating our proposed schemes in compilers.
Reduced audiovisual recalibration in the elderly

Perceived synchrony of visual and auditory signals can be altered by exposure to a stream of temporally offset stimulus pairs. Previous literature suggests that adapting to audiovisual temporal offsets is an important recalibration to correctly combine audiovisual stimuli into a single percept across a range of source distances. Healthy aging results in synchrony perception over a wider range of temporally offset visual and auditory signals, independent of age-related unisensory declines in vision and hearing sensitivities. However, the impact of aging on audiovisual recalibration is unknown. Audiovisual synchrony perception for sound-lead and sound-lag stimuli was measured for 15 younger (22–32 years old) and 15 older (64–74 years old) healthy adults using a method-of-constant-stimuli, after adapting to a stream of visual and auditory pairs. The adaptation pairs were either synchronous or asynchronous (sound-lag of 230 ms). The adaptation effect for each observer was computed as the shift in the mean of the individually fitted psychometric functions after adapting to asynchrony. Post-adaptation to synchrony, the younger and older observers had average window widths (±standard deviation) of 326 (±80) and 448 (±105) ms, respectively. There was no adaptation effect for sound-lead pairs. Both the younger and older observers, however, perceived more sound-lag pairs as synchronous. The magnitude of the adaptation effect in the older observers was not correlated with how often they saw the adapting sound-lag stimuli as asynchronous. Our finding demonstrates that audiovisual synchrony perception adapts less with advancing age.
Growth of Planetary Embryos

abstract In order to fi ne-tune our current understanding of the formation of planets, we update the classic model of oligarchic growth to include mass conservation. In the early stages of planet formation, the protoplanetary disk contained only a swarm of planetesimals, rocky bodies with diameters of at most about 100 km, that collided together to form embryos greater than 1,000 km in diameter. Because planetesimals accrete, or accumulate, onto embryos, the surface mass density of the planetesimal swarm decreases with time. Here we describe surface mass density of the planetesimal swarm as the total initial surface mass density of the protoplanetary disk minus the surface mass density of the embryos. However, as the mass of the individual embryos increases, the average spacing between them must also change. Therefore, the parameter that is related to the characteristic spacing between embryos, b, must also change. We incorporate the changing eccentricity and surface mass density into a model that describes the growth of any given planetary embryo in the protoplanetary disk, which includes the new formulation for mass conservation. Finally, we test how the presence of a circum-embryo debris disk affects the growth rate of a planet. Because a debris disk in orbit about an embryo will increase the collisional cross-section of the planetary embryo, the time needed to fully grow the embryo decreases. The accelerated growth rate due to the circum-embryo disk holds implications for describing the formation of gas giant cores within the necessary timescale to capture the gas from the surrounding protoplanetary disk. Larson, J. (2015). Growth of planetary embryos: Conserving mass during planet formation in the oligarchic growth stage. Jennifer Larson is a 2015 graduate of the Purdue University College of Science. She majored in physics and mathematics with a minor in Spanish. Larson has been working with Dr. David Minton in the Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences Department since her freshman year at Purdue. In this lab, Larson studied the formation of planets and assisted a graduate student to update a code to simulate cratering on the moon. David Minton's research interests include understanding the origin and early evolution of the solar system, including the formation of the planets and the Late Heavy Bombardment. Minton also studies the physics and dynamics of small bodies and their satellites, as well as using the impact records of solar system bodies to understand the history of small body populations. Mentors …
The Choice of the Forms of Lyapunov Functions for a Positive 2D Roesser Model

The Choice of the Forms of Lyapunov Functions for a Positive 2D Roesser Model The appropriate choice of the forms of Lyapunov functions for a positive 2D Roesser model is addressed. It is shown that for the positive 2D Roesser model: (i) a linear form of the state vector can be chosen as a Lyapunov function, (ii) there exists a strictly positive diagonal matrix P such that the matrix AT PA - P is negative definite. The theoretical deliberations will be illustrated by numerical examples.
Quantification of the Fire Thermal Boundary Condition

The thermal boundary condition to a fire exposed surface was quantified with a hybrid heat flux gage. Methods were developed to determine the net heat flux through the gage, incident heat flux, cold surface heat flux, convective heat transfer coefficient, adiabatic surface temperature, and the separated components of radiative and convective heat flux. Experiments were performed in a cone calorimeter with the hybrid gage flush mounted into UNIFRAX Duraboard LD ceramic board. The results were then compared to results obtained with a Schmidt-Boelter gage and a plate thermometer. The hybrid heat flux gage predicted a cold surface heat flux within 5% of cold surface heat fluxes measured with a Schmidt-Boelter gage. Adiabatic surface temperature measurements compared well with the plate thermometer measurements at steady state. Hybrid gage measurements were performed on flat plate samples of Aluminum 5083, Marinite P, and UNIFRAX Duraboard LD ceramic board. The gage and sample assemblies were exposed to mixed-mode heat transfer conditions in a cone calorimeter. Temperature measurements were performed at the top, center, bottom surfaces of the marinite and ceramic board samples. A single midpoint temperature was performed on the aluminum. Boundary condition details obtained with the hybrid gage were then input to the commercial finite element analysis package Abaqus. Abaqus was used to create the flat plate geometries of the sample and variable temperature dependent material properties were used for each material. Measured temperatures were then compared to the model predicted temperatures with good results. Hybrid gage measurements were verified using a new experimental apparatus. The apparatus consisted of an impinging jet assembly, a tungsten lamp, and a gage holster assembly. The impinging jet was used to expose the gage to isolated convection and the lamp was used to expose the gage to isolated radiation. The gage holster assembly was used to water cool the gage when desired. Measurements performed with the gage water cooled in isolated convection allowed for the convective heat transfer coefficient to be determined. Two methods were developed to determine the convective heat transfer coefficient in mixed-mode heat transfer conditions. These methods were then verified by comparison to the isolated heat transfer coefficient. Similarly, the incident radiation was isolated by water cooling the gage while only the lamp was on. The components of heat flux were then separated for mixed-mode comparisons and were verified against this isolated radiation. The hybrid gage predicted convective heat transfer coefficients within 10% of the isolated heat transfer coefficient and incident heat fluxes within 11% of the isolated radiation.
A Power-Efficient Switched-Capacitor Stimulating System for Electrical/Optical Deep Brain Stimulation

A power-efficient wireless switched-capacitor based stimulating (SCS) system for electrical/optical deep brain stimulation (DBS) is presented. The SCS system efficiently charges storage capacitors directly from an inductive link and delivers accurately balanced charge to the tissue, improving the overall stimulator efficiency. In addition, the decaying exponential stimulus pulses generated by SCS can be more effective than conventional rectangular and ramp stimuli in activating neural tissue when consuming the same amount of energy, leading to higher stimulus efficacy. A 4-channel wireless SCS system in 0.35 μm CMOS process achieves stimulator efficiency of 80.4% with capacitor pairs charged to ±2V, while the decaying exponential stimulus requires equal or less stimulus energy and injected charge than other stimuli depending on pulse width to activate the same tissue area. The SCS system has also been utilized for power-efficient wireless optogenetic stimulation by periodically discharging capacitors into high-current micro-LED arrays. Results from acute in vivo experiments have verified the utility of the SCS system prototype in both electrical and optical stimulation.
Classification of imbalanced hyperspectral imagery data using support vector sampling

Due to the imbalance in obtaining labeled samples for different land-cover classes, hyperspectral image classification encounters the issue of imbalanced classification. In this paper, a novel and effective method is proposed to address the imbalanced learning problem in hyperspectral image classification, which combines support vector machine (SVM) and sampling strategy. The main novelty and contribution of our paper are that we propose to do sampling referring to the support vectors (SVs) rather than the training data to provide a balanced distribution during the model learning. Sampling among the training data may be time consuming, while sampling referring to the SVs is more efficient and representative with much lower complexity. Therefore, the proposed method is expected to be simple and effective for imbalanced learning problem. Experimental results on real hyperspectral image dataset show that our method can effectively improve the classification accuracy for the minority classes in the imbalanced dataset.
O R I G I N a L I N V E S T I G a T I O N Open Access

A real world comparison of sulfonylurea and insulin vs. incretin-based treatments in patients not controlled on prior metformin monotherapy Abstract Aims: Metformin is the first line drug for patients diagnosed with type-2 diabetes; however, the impact of different treatment escalation strategies after metformin failure has thus far not been investigated in a real world situation. The registry described herein goes some way to clarifying treatment outcomes in such patients. Methods: DiaRegis is a multicentre registry including 3,810 patients with type-2 diabetes. For the present analysis we selected patients being treated with metformin monotherapy at baseline (n = 1,373), with the subsequent addition of incretin-based drugs (Met/Incr; n = 783), sulfonylureas (Met/SU; n = 255), or insulin (n = 220). Results: After two years 1,110 of the initial 1,373 patients had a complete follow-up (80.8%) and 726 of these were still on the initial treatment combination (65.4%). After treatment escalation, compared to Met/Incr (n = 421), Met/SU (n = 154) therapy resulted in a higher HbA1c reduction vs. baseline (−0.6 ± 1.4% vs. −0.5 ± 1.0%; p = 0.039). Insulin (n = 151) resulted in a stronger reduction in HbA1c (−0.9 ± 2.0% vs. −0.5 ± 1.0%; p = 0.003), and fasting plasma glucose (−24 ± 70 mg/dl vs. −19 ± 42 mg/dl; p = 0.001), but was associated with increased bodyweight (0.8 ± 9.0 kg vs. −1.5 ± 5.0 kg; p = 0.028). Hypoglycaemia rates (any with or without help and symptoms) were higher for patients receiving insulin (Odds Ratio92) versus Met/Incr. While there was little difference in event rates between Met/Incr and Met/SU, insulin was associated with higher rates of death, major cardiac and cerebrovascular events, and microvascular disease. Conclusions: Taking the results of DiaRegis into consideration it can be concluded that incretin-based treatment strategies appear to have a favourable balance between glycemic control and treatment emergent adverse effects.
Methylation Status of Promoter-Associated CpG Islands in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia

tion of CpG islands may exert the same effects as a mutation or deletion in a coding region in one copy of the gene and thus represent an alternative mechanism to contribute to the loss of function of one or both alleles. Several genes of basic cellular pathways are affected by aberrant CpG island methylation in human cancers [6] . The profile of promoter hypermethylation is tumor type and gene specific. However, despite a broad tumor-specific pattern of global methylation, there is significant interindividual variability. These differences may indicate differences in the subtypes included in the studies, etiology of the disease, or differences in the cohort of patients. In the present work, we have examined the methylation status of 9 cancer-related genes CDKN2A (P16), ARF (P14), CDKN2B (P15) , TP73 and CDKN1A (P21, Cip1) , the CDH1 (E-cadherin, tumor cell invasion or tumor architecture), hMLH1 (repair of DNA damage), retinoic acid receptor2 (RAR  2) , and the cytokine regulator suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) in de novo AML patient samples at diagnosis and explored possible correlations between methylation patterns and clinical parameters. Sixty-three de novo AML patients diagnosed at the Department of Hematology, Park Point Nursing Home and Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Kolkata, India, during November 2002 to March 2006 were the subjects of this study. All M3 subtypes were treated by Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a clonal hematological malignancy of the myeloid line of cells is a heterogeneous disease characterized by many different genetic defects. The disease can be classified into different categories and according to the French-American-British (FAB) system, AML is divided into subtypes, M0–M7, based on the type of cell from which the leukemia developed and how mature the cells are. This is defined largely using cytochemical staining. Some subtypes of AML are linked with certain symptoms and respond to specific treatments. Specific cytogenetic lesions are also powerful determinants of therapeutic response [1] . Chromosomal translocations involving oncogenes and transcription factors, activation of signal transduction pathways, and alterations of growth factor receptors have been documented in AML [1, 2] . Disruption of tumor suppressor networks is also associated with most types of tumorigenesis. This might be achieved through deletions, mutations or epigenetic processes and the latter play a major role in human carcinogenesis [3] . Hypermethylation of the CpG islands near the promoter regions is followed by binding of complexes of methyl-CpG-binding proteins, transcriptional corepressors, chromatin-remodeling proteins and histone deacetylases to the hypermethylated DNA regions, resulting in a transcriptionally repressive chromatin state [4, 5] . In this context, abnormal methylaReceived: July 30, 2008 Accepted after revision: November 3, 2008 Published online: January 20, 2009
CDKN 2 A / B rs 4977756 and glioma risk : a meta-analysis

Background: Several studies were performed to investigate the association between CDKN2A/B rs4977756 polymorphism and the risk of glioma. However, the results were inconsistent. Thus, we performed this meta-analysis. Methods: Eleven studies including 12814 glioma patients and 21140 controls were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was assessed. Results: CDKN2A/B rs4977756 polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of glioma (OR=1.25; 95% CI, 1.211.30; P<0.00001). In the subgroup analysis by race, CDKN2A/B rs4977756 polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of glioma in Caucasian (OR=1.27; 95% CI, 1.22-1.31; P<0.00001). However, no significant association between CDKN2A/B rs4977756 polymorphism and glioma risk was found in Asian (OR=1.05; 95% CI, 0.92-1.21; P=0.45). Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested that DKN2A/B rs4977756 polymorphism may be a risk factor of glioma.
Phosphorylation and activation of human cdc25‐C by cdc2‐‐cyclin B and its involvement in the self‐amplification of MPF at mitosis.

We have investigated the mechanisms responsible for the sudden activation of the cdc2‐cyclin B protein kinase before mitosis. It has been found previously that cdc25 is the tyrosine phosphatase responsible for dephosphorylating and activating cdc2‐cyclin B. In Xenopus eggs and early embryos a cdc25 homologue undergoes periodic phosphorylation and activation. Here we show that the catalytic activity of human cdc25‐C phosphatase is also activated directly by phosphorylation in mitotic cells. Phosphorylation of cdc25‐C in mitotic HeLa extracts or by cdc2‐cyclin B increases its catalytic activity. cdc25‐C is not a substrate of the cyclin A‐associated kinases. cdc25‐C is able to activate cdc2‐cyclin B1 in Xenopus egg extracts and to induce Xenopus oocyte maturation, but only after stable thiophosphorylation. This demonstrates that phosphorylation of cdc25‐C is required for the activation of cdc2‐cyclin B and entry into M‐phase. Together, these studies offer a plausible explanation for the rapid activation of cdc2‐cyclin B at the onset of mitosis and the self‐amplification of MPF observed in vivo.
A U‐Shaped Association Between Home Systolic Blood Pressure and Four‐Year Mortality in Community‐Dwelling Older Men

BACKGROUND: Several studies in older people have found a U‐shaped or J‐shaped association of blood pressure with mortality. The increased mortality associated with the lowest levels of blood pressure in older people have been explained by concurrent illnesses and frailty, but previous studies used blood pressure measured on a single occasion. Such a casual value is different from the long‐term average of blood pressure. We investigated the relation between the average level of 5‐day consecutive home blood pressure and mortality in older people while adjusting for potential confounding factors including morbidity and frailty at baseline.