Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Acoustic Noise Analysis Approach of Conventional and Mutually Coupled Switched Reluctance Motors

This paper presents a method to calculate the acoustic noise of conventional switched reluctance motor (CSRM) and mutually coupled switched reluctance motor (MCSRM). This method is based on dynamic electromagnetic models, combined with analytical estimation of the stator eigenmodes and radiation efficiency, considering the switching effects and frame effects. The proposed method is applied to predict and compare the acoustic noise performances of a CSRM and an MCSRM in a wide speed range. The results are validated using commercial finite element analysis software, JMAG for electromagnetics and ACTRAN for acoustics. An acceleration test based on a setup with a 12/8 CSRM is used for experimental validation. Results show that the proposed method can provide reliable prediction of main acoustic noises during acceleration.
Changing Discourses and Practices of Academic Work.

This paper describes a number of “ideal types” or models of academic work and makes links between these models and changing conceptions of the roles of universities. Given that institutional change has been a significant feature of higher education in Australia (and elsewhere), an attempt is made to analyse the models in terms of Raymond Williams’ notions of ‘residual’, ‘dominant’ and ‘emergent’ discourses and practices. The real and potential impacts of changes on the nature of academic work varied considerably across universities and across discipline areas/faculties within universities as higher education in Australia moved from a binary system, to a unified national system, then to a looser “system” of quasiautonomous marketised/privatised institutions. It is argued that it is no longer possible for any one model of academic work to stake a claim for hegemony as universities ‘no longer embody plural, but compatible, uses but starkly different representations, or meanings, which cannot be integrated satisfactorily’ (Scott, 1995, p.3). Despite this situation, it will be argued the academic as sui generis still holds considerable sway as discourse. The paper concludes by briefly speculating on the forms of academic work which are likely to be associated with various sites in universities in the short to medium term. It suggests that continuing differentiation within the academic profession will see a variety of discourses and practices operating throughout internally disparate institutions within a diverse “system”.
What the pulmonary specialist should know about the new inhalation therapies

To the Editors: In the recent report of the European Respiratory Society/International Society for Aerosols in Medicine Task Force [1], the authors correctly identify the need to prescribe spacers (sometimes termed valved holding chambers (VHCs) when an inhalation valve is present) to medication delivered from pressurised metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs). Although they mention that some pMDI products are licensed for use with a particular spacer, they have failed to point out that each pMDI–spacer combination should be treated as a unique system. In 2008, the UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) published a recommendation that for inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), “Spacers should not be regarded as interchangeable: patients who use a spacer with their inhaler should use the spacer device named in the Summary of Product Characteristics” [2]. This guidance further stipulates “Patients whose asthma is well-controlled and who are using a spacer should always …
A Comparative Study of Record Matching Algorithms

Record matching is an important process in data integration and data cleaning. It involves identifying cases where multiple database entities correspond to the same realworld entity. Often, duplicate records do not share a common key and contain erroneous data that make record matching a difficult task. The quality of a record matching system highly depends on a good approach that is able to accurately detects duplicates in an efficient and effective way. Despite the many techniques that have been introduced over the decades, it is unclear which technique is the current state-of-the-art. Hence, the objectives of this project are: 1. Compare a few record matching techniques and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages. 2. Develop a technique that combines the best features from these techniques to produce an improved record matching technique. Currently, there are two main approaches for duplicate record detection, categorised into approaches that rely on training data, and approaches that rely on domain knowledge or distance metrics. This project focuses on comparisons between the Probabilisticbased approach from the former category, and the Rule-based approach from the latter category. For the Probabilistic-based approach, instead of relying on training data, we employed the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm to find maximum likelihood estimates of parameters in the Probabilistic models. Our experimental study reveals that the Probabilistic-based approach, employing the EM algorithm, yields better results than the Rule-based approach when the requirements to generate the Probabilistics parameters are satisfied. Another reason for the poor results from the Rule-based approach is due to the lack of domain knowledge when manually crafting the ruleset. We believe that the Rule-based approach may perform well, given substantial manual effort and time to fine-tune the rules. However, extensive manual analysis of the dataset is not desirable. To this end, we propose an approach that leverages statistics computed from the EM algorithm to automatically derive a better ruleset for the Rule-based approach. Our experimental study shows that the proposed approach performs very well, even exceeding the performance of the Probabilistic-based approach.
Anxious and angry rejection sensitivity, social withdrawal, and retribution in high and low ambiguous situations.

OBJECTIVE Rejection sensitivity (RS) is a tendency to expect, perceive, and overreact to rejection. Our objective was to examine whether anxious and angry RS have specific associations with negative social reactions, and whether responses are intensified in situations of high rejection ambiguity. METHOD In two studies, youth (N = 464 and N = 371) reported their RS and anticipated responses to social scenarios. In Study 1, all scenarios portrayed overt rejection events. In Study 2, participants were randomly assigned to conditions portraying overt or ambiguous rejection. RESULTS Greater rejection expectation was associated with more negative reactions to rejection. Moreover, as expected, anxiety about rejection was uniquely associated with withdrawal, and anger about rejection was uniquely associated with retribution (i.e., reactive aggression). In the second study, RS persons responded more negatively than others to both overt and high ambiguous rejections, but retribution was intensified among participants high in rejection expectation when rejection was ambiguous, and withdrawal was intensified among participants high in anxious RS in overt rejection situations. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with the revised RS model, there are different patterns of emotions, cognitions, and behaviors in response to high and low ambiguous rejection events, which are heightened in youth sensitive to rejection.
Applying Functional Near Infrared (fNIR) Spectroscopy to Enhance MIS Research

This review paper introduces the emerging technology of optical brain imaging, also known as functional near infrared (fNIR) spectroscopy, and discusses its potential role in enhancing theory and methodology used in MIS research. We discuss basic fNIR principles including the technique’s safe and portable nature, which allows ambulatory brain activity assessment in real world environments. We then touch on the neural correlates that fNIR measures, and the cortical oxygenation changes in the dorsal and anterior regions of the prefrontal cortex. We compare fNIR with traditional neuroimaging methods such as fMRI and PET. We also list case studies, future directions, and potential approaches relevant to MIS. fNIR may be used to inform theory and improve assessments in MIS-based studies, including informing theory, by identifying neural correlates, studying constructs that could not easily if at all be measured with traditional methods, applying objective constructs that subjects are unaware of, and designing better surveys.
A New Decision Tree Algorithm for Categorical Data

Decision tree model is an important application area of data mining. Decision tree learning is considered to be a weak learning. That is partly because of the balance of trees or the noise in the data which cannot be predicted before analysis. For some certain data, a decision tree algorithm may not work very well and may yield a weak learning. The existence of categorical data is another issue to deal with for decision tree algorithms. In this study a new decision tree algorithm for categorical data has been introduced. The algorithm employs eigen value mapping of each attribute to determine the best field to be chosen for branching. Algorithm’s equal split parameter is another value which gives an idea about the center of the candidate attribute. The algorithm introduced in this study produces well balanced decision trees. It works with noisy data as well. Key-words: classification, decision tree, categorical data, eigen value, noise.
The mitochondrial death pathway: a promising therapeutic target in diseases

• Introduction • Mitochondria and cell death • Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP): point of no return ‐ MOMP by BCL‐2 family proteins ‐ MOMP by permeability transition pore ‐ Regulation of MOMP: many ways to skin the cat ‐ Role of calcium in MOMP ‐ ROS‐induced MOMP ‐ Role of caspases in MOMP ‐ Other regulators of MOMP • Mitochondrial IMS: poison cabinet • Mitochondrial pathway of cell death and disease pathogenesis ‐ Ischemia/reperfusion ‐ Neurodegenerative disorders ‐ Cancer ‐ Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies ‐ Others • Therapeutic strategies that promote MOMP and cell death ‐ Targeting the BCL‐2 family ‐ BCL‐2 antisense‐based strategies ‐ BAX‐delivery vector ‐ BH3 mimetic peptides ‐ Natural and synthetic BH3 mimetic drugs ‐ Targeting mitochondria directly: mitochondriotoxic compounds inducing mitochondrial membrane permeabilization ‐ Peptide derivatives ‐ Small molecules ‐ Cationic lipophilic agents ‐ Bypassing the mitochondria: mitochondrial pro‐apoptotic factors as chemotherapeutic agents • Therapeutic strategies that inhibit MOMP and cell death ‐ Cyclosporin A and the inhibition of MPT ‐ Novel CsA analogues and other inhibitors of the pore ‐ Preconditioning of the heart protects by sparing mitochondria ‐ Pharmacological IPC mimetics ‐ Minocycline ‐ Inhibitors of PARP and the prevention of DNA damage‐mediated mitochondrial damage • Conclusion and future directions
Scanpath Analysis of Fused Multi-Sensor Images with Luminance Change: A Pilot Study

Image fusion is the process of combining images of differing modalities, such as visible and infrared (IR) images. Significant work has recently been carried out comparing methods of fused image assessment, with findings strongly suggesting that a task-centred approach would be beneficial to the assessment process. The current paper reports a pilot study analysing eye movements of participants involved in four tasks. The first and second tasks involved tracking a human figure wearing camouflage clothing walking through thick undergrowth at light and dark luminance levels, whilst the third and fourth task required tracking an individual in a crowd, again at two luminance levels. Participants were shown the original visible and IR images individually, pixel-averaged, contrast pyramid, and dual-tree complex wavelet fused video sequences. They viewed each display and sequence three times to compare inter-subject scanpath variability. This paper describes the initial analysis of the eye-tracking data gathered from the pilot study. These were also compared with computational metric assessment of the image sequences
The Influence of the TTS System Configuration on the Perceived Quality of Synthesized Speech

The overall auditory quality of the speech signal produced by a text-to-speech (TTS) system depends on different factors which may be ascribed to different components of the synthesis system. During the development of the Dresden Speech Synthesizer DRESS, the authors investigated the influence of different system components separately. The results of these investigations are summarized and updated in this paper. In a recent application study, the authors were forced to select and to adapt system components for achieving a total system footprint less than 1 Megabyte (MB). The resulting scaleable low-resource system was denoted as microDRESS. The auditory comparison of microDRESS to the baseline system DRESS implies that the inventory coding has the most essential influence on both, system size and auditory quality. For the applied ADPCM coding scheme, the measured degradation of approximately one category on the mean opinion scale (MOS) is caused less by the coding algorithm itself but mainly by the limitation to telephone bandwidth. Allowing more system resources, there are interesting options for the TTS system configuration to achieve best-possible overall quality which are discussed in the paper.
Key Challenges in Defending Against Malicious Socialbots

The ease with which we adopt online personas and relationships has created a soft spot that cyber criminals are willing to exploit. Advances in artificial intelligence make it feasible to design bots that sense, think and act cooperatively in social settings just like human beings. In the wrong hands, these bots can be used to infiltrate online communities, build up trust over time and then send personalized messages to elicit information, sway opinions and call to action. In this position paper, we observe that defending against such malicious bots raises a set of unique challenges that relate to web automation, online-offline identity binding and usable security.
Strengths and Competencies in Adopted Adolescents: Links with Attachment to Parents and Problem Behavior

Background •Much of the literature on adopted adolescents has been problem focused, and neglects acknowledgement of the positive attributes that may be found within adopted adolescents. This has created a distorted view of adopted adolescents which is highlighted in the popular media. Due to the abundance of negative media surrounding the adjustment of adopted adolescents, the public perceives adopted adolescents to have more social, behavior and academic problems (National Adoption Attitudes Survey, 2002). •Past research has indicated that adopted adolescents are higher in prosocial behavior (Sharma, 1996) and that they were found to have self-esteem equal to that of their nonadopted peers (Juffer, 2007). •Positive Psychology focuses on strengths of individuals, and how these strengths can exist even in the presence of difficulty (Seligman & Csikszentmihalyi, 2000). This study uses this framework and focuses on strengths of adopted adolescents, even in the existence of problem behaviors. Measures •Adolescent Report: Achenbach’s Youth Self Report (YSR), with a focus on standardized social competence scores and responses to the question “Please describe the best things about yourself”. •Parent Report: Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), with a focus on standardized social competence scores and responses to the question ““Please describe the best things about your child”. •IPPA: Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment Reporter Case 1 Case 2
Empirical Multiscale Networks of Cellular Regulation

Grouping genes by similarity of expression across multiple cellular conditions enables the identification of cellular modules. The known functions of genes enable the characterization of the aggregate biological functions of these modules. In this paper, we use a high-throughput approach to identify the effective mutual regulatory interactions between modules composed of mouse genes from the Alliance for Cell Signaling (AfCS) murine B-lymphocyte database which tracks the response of ∼15,000 genes following chemokine perturbation. This analysis reveals principles of cellular organization that we discuss along four conceptual axes. (1) Regulatory implications: the derived collection of influences between any two modules quantifies intuitive as well as unexpected regulatory interactions. (2) Behavior across scales: trends across global networks of varying resolution (composed of various numbers of modules) reveal principles of assembly of high-level behaviors from smaller components. (3) Temporal behavior: tracking the mutual module influences over different time intervals provides features of regulation dynamics such as duration, persistence, and periodicity. (4) Gene Ontology correspondence: the association of modules to known biological roles of individual genes describes the organization of functions within coexpressed modules of various sizes. We present key specific results in each of these four areas, as well as derive general principles of cellular organization. At the coarsest scale, the entire transcriptional network contains five divisions: two divisions devoted to ATP production/biosynthesis and DNA replication that activate all other divisions, an “extracellular interaction” division that represses all other divisions, and two divisions (proliferation/differentiation and membrane infrastructure) that activate and repress other divisions in specific ways consistent with cell cycle control.
A biased sampling strategy for object categorization

In this paper, we present a biased sampling strategy for object class modeling, which can effectively circumvent the scene matching problem commonly encountered in statistical image-based object categorization. The method optimally combines the bottom-up, biologically inspired saliency information with loose, top-down class prior information to form a probabilistic distribution for feature sampling. When sampling over different positions and scales of patches, the weak spatial coherency is preserved by a segment-based analysis. We evaluate the proposed sampling strategy within the bag-of-features (BoF) object categorization framework on three public data sets. Our technique outperforms other state-of-the-art sampling technologies, and leads to a better performance in object categorization on VOC2008 dataset.
Correcting Distortion of Polarimetric SAR Data Induced by Ionospheric Scintillation

A correction methodology for distortions induced by ionospheric scintillation on fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data is proposed. The correction is based on deriving the phase distortion induced by the ionosphere from Faraday rotation estimates. The estimated phase distortion is then used for correction. In order to compensate the phase and time-Doppler history distortions, the correction has to be performed at the slant range of the ionospheric layer, i.e., on partially focused single-look complex data. Accordingly, the performance of the proposed correction methodology depends, among other factors, on knowledge of the altitude of the effective ionospheric layer (assuming the thin ionospheric layer model). Its estimation from the SAR data itself is therefore also addressed. The methodology was applied and validated on simulated P-band data for various ionospheric conditions and on real L-band data acquired by the Advanced Land Observation Satellite Phased Array L-band SAR (PALSAR).
The cognitive dynamics of beliefs: The role of discrepancy, credibility, and involvement on microprocesses of judgment

Title of Dissertation: THE COGNITIVE DYNAMICS OF BELIEFS: THE ROLE OF DISCREPANCY, CREDIBILITY, AND INVOLVEMENT ON MICROPROCESSES OF JUDGMENT Sungeun Chung, Doctor of Philosophy, 2004 Dissertation Directed By: Professor Edward L. Fink Department of Communication This dissertation investigates the process of belief change by examining the time course of beliefs. The time course of belief change during judgment provides information about dynamic aspects of the cognitive system, cognitive responses during judgment, and the effect of distal variables on belief change. Several previous studies obtained individual belief trajectories using a computer mouse technique to observe the time course of belief change. Based on characteristics of belief trajectories, this study developed a new framework for their analysis. This framework allows analyses not only of overall but also of micro aspects of belief change during judgment. Hypotheses about the time course of belief changes were developed and tested with four data sets from three previous studies. Total N = 267. This study found the following: (1) Belief change during message receipt reflects the structure and properties of the message; (2) belief change during the post-message phase shows some oscillatory and some damping dynamics; (3) message discrepancy and source credibility have dynamic effects on belief change during judgment. This study generally supports dynamic models of belief change. Methodologically, this study suggests that belief trajectories can provide on-line information about cognitive responses and micro belief changes during judgment. THE COGNITIVE DYNAMICS OF BELIEFS: THE ROLE OF DISCREPANCY, CREDIBILITY, AND INVOLVEMENT ON MICROPROCESSES OF JUDGMENT
Characterization of the AMP-activated Protein Kinase Kinase from Rat Liver and Identification of Threonine 172 as the Major Site at Which It Phosphorylates AMP-activated Protein Kinase*

We have developed a sensitive assay for the AMP-activated protein kinase kinase, the upstream component in the AMP-activated protein kinase cascade. Phosphorylation and activation of the downstream kinase by the upstream kinase absolutely requires AMP and is antagonized by high (millimolar) concentrations of ATP. We have purified the upstream kinase >1000-fold from rat liver; a variety of evidence indicates that the catalytic subunit may be a polypeptide of 58 kDa. The physical properties of the downstream and upstream kinases, e.g. catalytic subunit masses (63 versus 58 kDa) and native molecular masses (190 versus 195 kDa), are very similar. However, unlike the downstream kinase, the upstream kinase is not inactivated by protein phosphatases. The upstream kinase phosphorylates the downstream kinase at a single major site on the α subunit, i.e. threonine 172, which lies in the “activation segment” between the DFG and APE motifs. This site aligns with activating phosphorylation sites on many other protein kinases, including Thr177 on calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I. As well as suggesting a mechanism of activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, this finding is consistent with our recent report that the AMP-activated protein kinase kinase can slowly phosphorylate and activate calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I, at least in vitro (Hawley, S. A., Selbert, M. A., Goldstein, E. G., Edelman, A. M., Carling, D., and Hardie, D. G. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 27186-27191).
Growing up literate : learning from inner-city families

A couple years ago, Denny Taylor and Catherine Dorsey Gaines made the first of what were to be many visits to families living in the inner city of a major metropolitan area in the Northeast. Their aim: to study the familial contexts in which young Black children living in urban poverty are growing up literate. Through their focus on children who were successfully learning to read and write despite extraordinary economic hardship, this multiracial team presents new images of the strengths of the family as educator and the ways in which the personal biographies and educative styles of families shape the literate experiences of children. Through the stories of the Shay Avenue families, Taylor and Dorsey-Gaines reach several conclusions that some readers may find surprising.