Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Log Files Analysis Estimate Learners' Level of Motivation?

The learners’ motivation has an impact on the quality of learning, especially in e-Learning environments. Most of these environments store data about the learner’s actions in log files. Logging the users’ interactions in educational systems gives the possibility to track their actions at a refined level of detail. Data mining and machine learning techniques can “give meaning” to these data and provide valuable information for learning improvement. An area where improvement is absolutely necessary and of great importance is motivation, known to be an essential factor for preventing attrition in e-Learning. In this paper we investigate if the log files data analysis can be used to estimate the motivational level of the learner. A decision tree is build from a limited number of log files from a web-based learning environment. The results suggest that time spent reading is an important factor for predicting motivation; also, performance in tests was found to be a relevant indicator of the motivational level.
Comparison of Antiretroviral Regimens: Adverse Effects and Tolerability Failure that Cause Regimen Switching

Background The efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved, and the adverse effects of antiretroviral drugs have been reduced. However, these adverse effects still significantly influence patient compliance, increasing the risk of tolerability failure. Therefore, we investigated the adverse effects and tolerability failure causing changes in the first ART regimen, and identified the regimens that were most vulnerable to switching. Materials and Methods We enrolled patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who commenced their first ART between January 1, 2011 and July 30, 2014. Patients who started their first ART regimen at the Kyungpook National University Hospital were included in the study if they were aged ≥18 years and were followed-up for ≥12 weeks. The primary dependent variable was the duration of treatment on the same ART regimen. We analyzed the maintenance rate of the first ART regimen based on the treatment duration between these groups using survival analysis and log rank test. The frequency of the adverse effects of ART regimens was analyzed by multiple response data analysis. Results During the investigation period, 137 patients were enrolled. Eighty-one patients were maintained on the initial treatment regimen (59.1%). In protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimen group, 54 patients were maintained on the initial treatment regimen (54/98, 55.1%). In non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-and integrase inhibitor (II)-based regimen group, 15 (15/26, 57.7%) and 12 (12/13, 92.3%) patients were maintained on the initial treatment regimen, respectively. Adverse effects that induced ART switching included rash (16/35, 45.7%), gastrointestinal discomfort or pain (7/35, 20%), diarrhea (7/35, 20%), hyperbilirubinemia (6/35, 17.1%), headache or dizziness (3/35, 8.5%). Among the treatment regimens, the group receiving an II-based regimen showed the least switching. The group receiving PI-and NRTI-based regimens were most likely to switch due to adverse effects during the early treatment period. However, after about 18 months, switching was rarely observed in these groups. Among the PI drugs, darunavir/ritonavir showed fewer drug changes than atazanavir/ritonavir (P = 0.004, log rank test) and lopinavir/ritonavir (P = 0.010). Among the NNRTI drugs, rilpivirne produced less switching than efavirenz (P = 0.045). Conclusions Adverse effects to ART resulted in about a quarter of patients switching drugs during the early treatment period. II-based regimens were advantageous because they were less likely to induce switching within 18 months of treatment commencement. These findings indicated the importance of considering and monitoring the adverse effects of ART in order to improve adherence.
The Effect of psychological capital on university of Tehran Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention

The psychological capital is an important and popular research subject in the psychology and the management study. The four dimensions of psychological capital - resiliency, hope, optimism and efficacy, have been well examined in relation to positive workplace functioning; however, less is understood about the contributions that psychological capital can make towards entrepreneurial intention. The main purpose of this study was to explore The Effect of psychological capital on Tehran University Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention. Statistical sample of this study included 285 students of Tehran University, which were selected by applying random and proportional stratified sampling method. Questionnaires (psychological capital and Entrepreneurial Intention) were distributed to approximately 285 Students Tehran University. The results show that between psychological capital and the dimensions of psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resiliency (were positively related to entrepreneurial intention.
Revealing underlying vulnerable emotion in couple therapy: impact on session and final outcome

This study examined how the revealing of underlying vulnerable emotion relates to session and final outcome in the context of emotion-focused therapy for couples. Segments of videotaped therapy sessions were rated on a measure of underlying vulnerable emotional expression for twenty-five couples. Results indicated that partners rated sessions in which underlying vulnerable emotion was expressed significantly more positively than control sessions on a measure of session outcome. Moreover, from pre to post, couples who were found to have expressed underlying vulnerable emotion at least once improved significantly more on a measure of trust, and marginally significantly more on a measure of unfinished business, than couples who were not found to have expressed underlying vulnerable emotion. Recommendations for treatment are provided in light of the findings. Practitioner points It is recommended that couple therapists help partners to access and express underlying vulnerable emotion, because this appears to be associated with better session and final outcomes. When an underlying vulnerable emotion begins to emerge, it is recommended that the therapist maintain the focus on this emotion and help to facilitate its full expression.
Assessment of the 10-year risk of fracture in Italian postmenopausal women using FRAX®: A north Italian multicenter study

The aim of the study was to estimate the absolute risk of fracture in a sample of postmenopausal women with the Italian version of FRAX®, using femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and 3 internationally validated clinical risk factors (CRFs) (history of fragility fracture, family history of hip fracture, current smoking). We retrospectively studied 9586 women (mean age 64.1 yr) examined in three osteoporosis centers from Northern Italy over two years (2001–2002). The risk of major osteoporotic (clinical spine, hip, forearm and humerus) and hip fractures was estimated using the online version of the FRAX algorithm adapted for Italy. The median 10-year risk was 7.5% for osteoporotic fracture and 1.7% for hip fracture. 25% of subjects had a 10-year risk ≥12.1 % for osteoporotic fracture and ≥4.1% for hip fracture. The median 10-year risk of fracture increased with the number of prevalent CRFs. For major osteoporotic fractures risk rose from 6.3% to 10.9%, 21.4% and 40.9% with 1, 2 and 3 prevalent CRFs, respectively. For hip fractures the corresponding figures were: 1.3%, 2.7%, 7.0% and 21.9%, respectively. However, it must be emphasized that in 2 out of 3 women, none of the CRFs examined was present and the assessment of risk was limited to age and BMD. Our data provide the first description of the effect of the combination of BMD, age and CRFs on fracture risk stratification in a large sample of Italian postmenopausal women using FRAX®. The results are a useful starting point to define criteria for the application of FRAX® in clinical practice in Italy.
HIV/AIDS Protective Factors among Urban American Indian Youths

This research examined how family and individual factors influence 3 HIV/AIDS risk behaviors: having more than 1 sexual partner in the last 3 months, substance use at last sexual intercourse, and condom non-use at last sexual intercourse. The sample includes 89 sexually active American Indian adolescents living in a large Southwestern U.S. city. Logistic regression results revealed that family communication acts as a protective factor against HIV risk through a lower reported substance use during last sexual intercourse, but it did not appear to affect the number of multiple recent sex partners. Family and personal involvement in American Indian cultural activities, both low on average in this urban sample, had no effect on outcomes. This study advances knowledge on sexual health risk and protective factors among American Indian adolescents, an understudied group, and provides implications for prevention intervention with American Indian youths and their families.
On the capacity of constrained systems

In the first chapter of Shannon's A Mathematical Theory of Communication, it is shown that the maximum entropy rate of an input process of a constrained system is limited by the combinatorial capacity of the system. Shannon considers systems where the constraints define regular languages and uses results from matrix theory in his derivations. In this work, the regularity constraint is dropped. Using generating functions, it is shown that the maximum entropy rate of an input process is upper-bounded by the combinatorial capacity in general. The presented results also allow for a new approach to systems with regular constraints. As an example, the results are applied to binary sequences that fulfill the (j, k) run-length constraint and by using the proposed framework, a simple formula for the combinatorial capacity is given and a maxentropic input process is defined.
Modelling Human Memory in Robotic Companions for Personalisation and Long-term Adaptation in HRI

This paper investigates issues of robot's personalization and long-term adaptation in human-robot interaction (HRI). It demonstrates the design and first technical implementation of a HRI showcase in the Robot House at University of Hertfordshire, UK. Here the central idea facilitating the long-term HRI is the creation of robotic companion, which provides various types of service to the user and can be personalised based upon individual needs. The personalisation can also be further enhanced through repeated interactions. The key component in the “mind” of the companion, which is highlighted in this paper, is the model of human semantic and episodic memory. The memory not only allows the companion to remember user's preferences for practical daily tasks, it also changes companion's behaviour in a longer time scale based on robot's perception of actual user input. Finally, implications of such a memory model in HRI are discussed.
The Effects of Exposure to Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Male Fertility.

Context People are increasingly exposed to low frequency (LF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs), mainly from electricity distribution networks and electronic devices. Critics of this widespread exposure believe that it can have detrimental effects on the human body. On the other hand, many in vivo and in vitro studies have claimed that low frequency electromagnetic therapy can function as a form of alternative medicine and that therapists can treat disease by applying electromagnetic radiation or pulsed EMFs to the body or cells. It is not yet entirely clear, however, whether LF-EMF is beneficial or harmful. Objectives This study aimed to examine the effects of LF-EMFs on men's reproductive functions, according to the types of waveform and the frequency and duration of exposure. Design The study reviewed all available research, both human and animal, on the effects of LF-EMFs on male reproductive functions, covering the literature from January 1978 to June 2016. The documents were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar, and any article that was irrelevant or a duplicate was excluded. A total of 61 articles were found, and 27 articles were reviewed. Setting This project was performed at the Avicenna Research Center (Tehran, Iran). Participants Literature included human and animal studies conducted on rabbits, mice, rats, and boars. Intervention Among these studies, any article that was irrelevant, a duplicate, or published with duplicate data was excluded. At the end, 27 articles were checked. Outcome Measures Outcome measures included testing related to reproductive organ weights, reproductive endocrinal hormones, fetal development, and spermatogenesis as well as sperm motility, morphology, and vitality. Results The reviewed studies provided contradictory results that were highly dependent on the exposure parameters, such as the shape and frequency of wave, intensity, duration, and timing of the exposure. Conclusions LF-EMF at 15 Hz with a peak intensity of 8 Gauss, with a square waveform of 50 Hz frequency and a duration of a few hours or less can have a positive effect on sperm quality, motility, and fertility. Exposures at other frequencies either had no effects on the sperm's performance and quality or held biological hazard for cells. It appears that there is still little understanding of how EMF affects cellular functions. Therefore, more standardized and controlled studies should be carried out to understand the effects of EMF on the body.
Assessment of postnatal paternal–infant attachment: development of a questionnaire instrument

This paper focuses on the father‐to‐infant relationship, and in particular on an approach to measuring the construct of father‐to‐infant attachment using a 19‐item self‐report questionnaire. Data are presented from a sample of approximately 200 Australian fathers assessed at 6 and 12 months after the birth of their first child. A factor analysis yielded three interpretable factors, namely: ‘patience and tolerance’, ‘pleasure in interaction’ and ‘affection and pride’, accounting for 45% of the variance. Coefficient Alpha measures were in the range 0.7–0.8, indicating acceptable levels of internal consistency. A high level of continuity of attachment scores was observed between the 6‐ and 12‐month assessments. Correlations between fathers' attachment scores and other study variables were highly significant, which is indicative of construct validity. The instrument complements previously published antenatal (maternal and paternal) and postnatal maternal instruments, and has the advantage of being easily administered to large samples, facilitating early identification of fathers having possible attachment deficits. Cut‐off scores for identifying such men are presented.
Perceived Prejudice in Healthcare and Women's Health Protective Behavior

Background: The literature documents significant claims of experienced prejudice in healthcare delivery in relationship to ethnicity, race, female gender, and homosexual orientation. Studies link perceived prejudice with negative healthcare outcomes, particularly in hypertension, heart disease, depression, and human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Objectives: To examine the impact of perceived prejudice in healthcare delivery on women's early cancer detection behavior and women's decisions to seek care for illness symptoms. Methods: Community women stratified by age, income, education, and race or ethnicity were surveyed regarding healthcare visits and cancer detection behavior. Perceived and experienced prejudice in healthcare delivery was measured by the Perceived Prejudice in Health Care Scale and follow-up interview. Results: Experienced prejudice in healthcare delivery was linked significantly with failed adherence to cancer screening guidelines and fewer provider visits for serious illness. After controlling for demographics, experienced prejudice explained significant variance in perceived access to care. Although many who experienced prejudice in relationship to their race, income level, sexual orientation, or a combination of these returned for healthcare services, others were alienated sufficiently to decrease their health protective behavior. Discussion: Subjective perceptions of prejudice are a significant influence in women's health protective behaviors. These findings demonstrate that policies requiring healthcare teams to be trained in professional ethics and cultural competence are vital to the goal of quality in care delivery and are needed to achieve optimal healthcare outcomes for women.
Critique of Orem ' s Theory

The critique is an essential process in the synthesis of knowledge for use in practice or for the conduct of studies, yet this process is poorly understand by many nurses, here in this paper, authors will present how to critique theory? [Hagran, A. & Fakharany, E. (2015). Critique of Orem's Theory. J. Middle East North Afr. sci, 1(5), 12-17]. (pISSN 24129763) (e-ISSN 2412-8937). http://www.jomenas. org. 4
The M-Objects: a Small Library for Musical rhythm Generation and Musical Tempo control from Dance movement in Real Time

This software library allows a dancer to control the tempo of an electronically-generated music score, and/or to generate musical rhythmic structures from bodily movement in real time in interactive dance performance. The movement data is gathered non-invasively, using a fixed video camera placed outside the area in which the dancer is moving. This library is implemented as a set of external objects, called the m-objects, for the modular programming environment Max/MSP [1] using an external object or library that performs framedifferencing analysis of a video stream in real time. This library should also be easily ported to other visual programming environments that perform video analysis in real time such as Isadora [2] or EyesWeb [3]. During the performance of a piece utilizing this software, the musician can give or take away the control over rhythm generation and/or musical tempo from the dancer, and substantially alter the musical content of a piece during performance. In this paper I describe each object comprising the library. In the demonstration session I will show the basic connections that have to be performed among the objects in order to generate musical rhythm and to control musical tempo from dance movement.
Consensus problems in networks of agents with communication delay

This paper studies the consensus problem for high-order multi-agent systems with constant communication delay. Under the assumption that the delay is known and the agent dynamics has unstable poles, an allowable delay bound for consensus is provided. The key technique is the adoption of the unique positive solution of a parametric algebra Riccati equation(ARE) in designing the control gain. Finally, a numerical example is given to show the validity of the theoretical results.
Multimedia semantic features and image content description

Content based indexing and retrieval of images and video requires a proper semantic description for image content. The paper discusses the mapping of high level, application specific features to the visual primitives that are accessible through image processing techniques. A major difficulty is that there are currently no established methodologies for describing the contents of an image in terms of semantic features, and we suggest that semiotic approaches could be adapted to the task of image description in limited areas of expertise. After reviewing current trends in the mapping of high level to low level features, we present preliminary results that suggest a possible strategy for mapping semiotic descriptions to image processing primitives.
Duplication and Inversion History of a Tandemly Repeated Genes Family

Given a phylogenetic tree for a family of tandemly repeated genes and their signed order on the chromosome, we aim to find the minimum number of inversions compatible with an evolutionary history of this family. This is the first attempt to account for inversions in an evolutionary model of tandemly repeated genes. We present a branch-and-bound algorithm that finds the exact solution, and a polynomial-time heuristic based on the breakpoint distance. We show, on simulated data, that those algorithms can be used to improve phylogenetic inference of tandemly repeated gene families. An application on a published phylogeny of KRAB zinc finger genes is presented.
A New Method to Alleviate the Heat Island Effect by Reversibly Used Cooling Tower

With the accelerating process of urbanization, the heat island effect has become a hot spot of concern. The heat island effect seriously affects the city's thermal environment, energy consumption, and the health of the citizens. Therefore, how to alleviate the urban heat island effect has become the main direction of current scholars. This paper mainly introduces the causes and harms of the heat island effect. Reviews the strategies and research progress of mitigating the heat island effect in recent years, a new idea of reversibly used cooling tower to solve the heat island effect is proposed. 1
Novel compound aquaporin 2 mutations in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is a rare disease that is characterized by the excretion of abnormally large volumes of urine, due to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine in response to arginine vasopressin (AVP). Classical NDI symptoms include polydipsia and polyuria in infants during the first year of life. Acquired NDI is the most common form of this disease in adults. The majority of inherited cases are caused by mutations in the arginine vasopressin V2 receptor (AVPR2) gene (MIM# 300538) on chromosome Xq28, which leads to functional defects in the AVPR2. The aquaporin (AQP2) gene (MIM# 107777) on chromosome 12q13 (1) is associated with the disease (2,3) in the minority of cases (∼10%). The present study identified two novel compound heterozygous mutations in the AQP2 gene, H201Y and G211R, in one female patient with congenital NDI.
Theory and simulation of a two-stage W-band multiple cavity klystron oscillator

We present the results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of a two-stage multiple cavity klystron oscillator in W band. Small-signal theory of the oscillator is developed and start-oscillation current and oscillation frequency are calculated. Output power and efficiency is determined from large-signal time-domain particle-in-cell simulation. Oscillators with different number of cavities are compared.
Computer-Aided complexity classification of combinational problems

We describe a computer program that has been used to maintain a record of the known complexity results for a class of 4536 machine scheduling problems. The input of the program consists of a listing of known “easy” problems and a listing of known “hard” problems. The program employs the structure of the problem class to determine the implications of these results. The output provides a listing of essential results in the form of maximal easy and minimal hard problems as well as listings of minimal and maximal open problems, which are helpful in indicating the direction of future research. The application of the program to a restricted class of 120 single-machine problems is demonstrated. Possible refinements and extensions to other research areas are suggested. It is also shown that the problem of determining the minimum number of results needed to resolve the status of all remaining open problems in a complexity classification such as ours is itself a hard problem.