Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Electronic Word of Mouth on Purchase Intention: Mediating Role of Brand Trust and Product Involvement

Word-of-mouth (WOM) has been recognized as one of the most influential tools of transmitting the information. With the technology-oriented advancements and the emergence of various online social networking sites (SNS) like Face book, Snapchat, Instagram, YouTube, LinkedIn, and Twitter, the concept of word of mouth has been revived to the electronic word-of-mouth. This spectacle has an enormous influence on the decisions of the consumers they make while purchasing a product or brand. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior, this study examined the influence of electronic word-of-mouth on purchase intention with the explanatory role of the brand trust and product involvement. In this quantitative study the empirical data has been collected through survey questionnaires. For this research the target population was the students of different universities of Lahore who use social networking platforms to read the online reviews and recommendations. Measurement items were adopted from previous studies in marketing literature. To test hypotheses, linear and hierarchal regression techniques have been applied. All the tests on the data to infer results were performed through SPSS version 22.0. The results indicate that product involvement and brand trust positively and partially mediate the relationship between electronic word-of-mouth and purchase intention. This paper endorsed the importance of electronic word-of-mouth, brand trust, product involvement, and this information will assist the marketers in making the efficient and low budgeted marketing strategies in future to boost up the purchase intention of the consumers that will ultimately leads to earn higher profits. The theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
Numerical model of the eddy current magnetic signature (EC-MS) non-destructive micro-magnetic technique

Micro-magnetic nondestructive evaluation and testing techniques are particularly efficient for the evaluation of plastic strain in steel components. A new method derived from the magnetic incremental permeability experimental setup and called Eddy Current Magnetic Signature (EC-MS) seems to be the particularly adapted for such evaluation. Numerical simulation of EC-MS has never been done before. In this article, the EC-MS method is described first, then a lump scalar phenomenological model based on a modified Jiles-Atherton model and extended to dynamic behavior is proposed for its simulation. All the simulation details are exposed and justified with physical observations.Micro-magnetic nondestructive evaluation and testing techniques are particularly efficient for the evaluation of plastic strain in steel components. A new method derived from the magnetic incremental permeability experimental setup and called Eddy Current Magnetic Signature (EC-MS) seems to be the particularly adapted for such evaluation. Numerical simulation of EC-MS has never been done before. In this article, the EC-MS method is described first, then a lump scalar phenomenological model based on a modified Jiles-Atherton model and extended to dynamic behavior is proposed for its simulation. All the simulation details are exposed and justified with physical observations.
Design Implementation of Trapezoidal Notch Band Monopole Antenna for LTE, ISM, Wi-MAX and WLAN Communication Applications

: This article analyses & describes a trapezoidal dual-band monopole antenna. The notch band monopole disables 4.4–5.7 GHz commercial communication equipment. The basic type operates at 2.5–4.4 GHz with a 500 MHz marginal bandwidth and 5.7–7 GHz with a 1000 MHz bandwidth. Present research optimises multiband trapezoidal antennas. Trapezoidal antennas improve multi-band wireless antennas. GSM, LTE, Wi-Fi, and 5G frequency bands start design. Inefﬁcient and space-wasting, traditional antennas lack frequency range. Beneﬁts of trapezoids: changing trapezoidal element sizes and angles enables the antenna to transmit many frequencies, sloping trapezium sides allow impedance changes without networks or tuning, numerical calculation and electromagnetic modelling optimise the trapezoidal antenna’s performance throughout the communication band, impedance matching, gain, and radiation efﬁciency provide transmission reliability, and broadband trapezoidal forms eliminate band-speciﬁc antennas & switches. Simpliﬁed antenna integration makes modern devices cheaper and simpler. In multiband applications, trapezoidal antennas outperform normal antennas. The antenna ﬁts numerous wireless communication devices and systems due to its modest size and wide band coverage. The redesigned structure with notch increases operating band bandwidth and notches application bands between 4.4–5.7 GHz. By modifying trapezoidal geometry, we generate selective impedance transition notches to target crucial interference frequencies. Modern wireless communication systems with complicated interference situations can trust its careful engineering to provide good efﬁciency and radiation patterns across a wide frequency band while actively rejecting interfering signal. The peak realized gains obtained at 2.5 GHz is 2.4 dB, at 3.4 GHz it is 3.5 GHz and at 5.8 GHz it is 4.7 dB.
“Interrupting” the Status Quo: A First Glance at the RISC-V Advanced Interrupt Architecture (AIA)

Interrupt controllers are a crucial component in computing platforms. From cloud computing to embedded systems, interrupts and respective controllers enable more efficient management and operation of a platform’s resources. Modern computer architectures incorporate hardware interrupt controllers (e.g., Arm Generic Interrupt Controller (GIC)) that are well-established in modern processors and system-on-chips (SoCs). This article describes our work and research on developing the first open-source RISC-V Advanced Interrupt Architecture (AIA) IP compliant with the recently ratified specification (v1.0). Our contribution is multifold and encompasses architecture, microarchitecture, and evaluation. In particular, we explored alternative designs and microarchitectural enhancements for the implemented IP to cope with mixed-criticality systems (MCS) requirements (e.g., real-time and predictability). From this exploration, we highlight the proposed Integrated Embedded AIA (IE-AIA) design. For each configuration, we assess the impact on hardware utilization and interrupt latency. Due to the increased proliferation of virtualization in MCS, we measured the interrupt latency for a system configuration built atop the Bao hypervisor. At the macro level (i.e., considering both hardware and software), and in particular for a full-blown virtualization stack, we observed a reduction of ~99.5% in the average interrupt latency when comparing the Platform-Level Interrupt Controller (PLIC) IP (full trap and emulation) with the standard AIA IP (no hypervisor mediation due to IMSIC direct interrupt injection). For the IE-AIA, our evaluation focused on the micro view (i.e., hardware only), where we observed that under interference, the IE-AIA IP shows a reduction of $\sim 7\times $ in the average interrupt latency and deterministic behavior compared to the standard AIA implementation. We also provide the first empirical-based comparison between the RISC-V PLIC and the RISC-V AIA. Finally, all artifacts described in this article are open source to foster collaboration and further explore additional design configurations.
Development of a Retinal Eye Tracker for 3D Optical Coherence Tomography

Several eye diseases appear in the posterior part of the eye, i.e. the retina or fundus. Retinal images therefore provide valuable information to identify eye diseases. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a 3D imaging technique that can image the retina with a resolution and depth penetration that can not be achieved by any other non-invasive imaging technique. Although OCT can achieve high resolution, in vivo measurements are severely limited by eye motion. TNO developed a low-cost eye tracker with improved eye motion tracking compared to current state of the art eye trackers. The eye tracker images the retina at a high frame rate and measures eye motion with image correlation. The eye tracker has been successfully demonstrated on a breadboard setup and should be tested on human eyes. In this thesis the eye tracker is modified for application on human eyes. The main limitation of the current eye tracker is the large reflection from the eye cornea and lens. Therefore a new optical layout is designed to cancel this reflection, while optimizing for image resolution, sensor integration time and optical exposure on the human eye. Also other modifications are integrated to increase eye tracking performance. The modified eye tracker is build and tested on a breadboard setup with an artificial eye. The modified eye tracker achieves higher tracking performance than current state of the art eye trackers.
Plant life history strategies vary in subtropical forests with different disturbance histories: an assessment of biodiversity, biomass, and functional traits

Disturbance alters environmental conditions in forests. Plants growing in forests with different disturbance histories in diverse environments may adopt varying life history strategies, but few studies focus on this effect. This study comprehensively investigated plant biodiversity, biomass, and functional traits in subtropical forests with two different disturbance histories in east China to explore differences in life history strategies. Biodiversity was slightly higher in disturbed compared to conserved forests. Significantly higher biomass was measured in conserved relative to disturbed evergreen broadleaved forests (P < 0.05). In conserved forests, leaf tissue density (LTD) was significantly higher and leaf thickness (LT), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), twig tissue density (TTD), twig dry matter content (TDMC), bark tissue density (BTD) and dry matter content (BDMC), and stem tissue density (STD) and dry matter content (SDMC) were significantly lower than in disturbed forests (P < 0.05). In terms of associated plant biodiversity, biomass, and functional traits, conserved forests adopted a resource acquisition strategy, reducing biodiversity and developing multiple functional traits such as high leaf area and specific leaf area and low LT, LDMC, TTD, TDMC, BTD, BDMC, STD, and SDMC to support a high biomass accumulation rate. Disturbed forests adopted a resource conservation strategy, enhancing biodiversity and developing converse trait combinations to lower the rate of biomass accumulation. A comprehensive investigation of plant biodiversity, biomass, and functional traits and subsequent assessment of plant life history strategies in conserved and disturbed forests will aid investigations of regional biodiversity and carbon reserves, contribute data to the TRY and Chinese plant trait databases, and improve ecological management and restoration efforts in east China.
Study on the Cooling Performance of a Focused Ultrasonic Radiator for Electrical Heating Elements

In this work, a focused ultrasonic radiator is proposed for cooling the electrical heating elements in the focal region, and its working characteristics are investigated. The analyses of the FEM computational and flow field visualization test results indicate that focused ultrasound can generate forced convective heat transfer by the acoustic streaming in the focal region, which can cool the heating elements effectively. Experiments show that when the input voltage is 30Vp-p and the ambient temperature is 25 °C, the focused ultrasonic radiator can cause the surface temperature of the heating element (high-temperature alumina ceramic heating plate with a diameter of 5 mm) in the focal region to drop from 100 °C to about 55 °C. When the diameter of the electrical heating element is changed from 5 mm to 30 mm, the cooling effect is similar in the focal region. Compared with a fan, the focused ultrasound radiator has a shorter cooling time and a more concentrated cooling area. The focused ultrasonic radiator proposed in this work is suitable for some special environments.
Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Environmental Factors May Inform Malaria Intervention Prioritization in Urban Nigeria

Urban population growth in Nigeria may exceed the availability of affordable housing and basic services, resulting in living conditions conducive to vector breeding and heterogeneous malaria transmission. Understanding the link between community-level factors and urban malaria transmission informs targeted interventions. We analyzed Demographic and Health Survey Program cluster-level data, alongside geospatial covariates, to describe variations in malaria prevalence in children under 5 years of age. Univariate and multivariable models explored the relationship between malaria test positivity rates at the cluster level and community-level factors. Generally, malaria test positivity rates in urban areas are low and declining. The factors that best predicted malaria test positivity rates within a multivariable model were post-primary education, wealth quintiles, population density, access to improved housing, child fever treatment-seeking, precipitation, and enhanced vegetation index. Malaria transmission in urban areas will likely be reduced by addressing socioeconomic and environmental factors that promote exposure to disease vectors. Enhanced regional surveillance systems in Nigeria can provide detailed data to further refine our understanding of these factors in relation to malaria transmission.
Efficient and generalizable cross-patient epileptic seizure detection through a spiking neural network

Introduction Epilepsy is a global chronic disease that brings pain and inconvenience to patients, and an electroencephalogram (EEG) is the main analytical tool. For clinical aid that can be applied to any patient, an automatic cross-patient epilepsy seizure detection algorithm is of great significance. Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are modeled on biological neurons and are energy-efficient on neuromorphic hardware, which can be expected to better handle brain signals and benefit real-world, low-power applications. However, automatic epilepsy seizure detection rarely considers SNNs. Methods In this article, we have explored SNNs for cross-patient seizure detection and discovered that SNNs can achieve comparable state-of-the-art performance or a performance that is even better than artificial neural networks (ANNs). We propose an EEG-based spiking neural network (EESNN) with a recurrent spiking convolution structure, which may better take advantage of temporal and biological characteristics in EEG signals. Results We extensively evaluate the performance of different SNN structures, training methods, and time settings, which builds a solid basis for understanding and evaluation of SNNs in seizure detection. Moreover, we show that our EESNN model can achieve energy reduction by several orders of magnitude compared with ANNs according to the theoretical estimation. Discussion These results show the potential for building high-performance, low-power neuromorphic systems for seizure detection and also broaden real-world application scenarios of SNNs.
Defective Assistive Device Involvement in Older Adult Emergency Department Visits

Abstract Background and Objectives Many older adults adopt equipment to address physical limitations and reduce dependence on others to complete basic activities of daily living. Although a few prior studies have considered injuries associated with assistive devices for older adults, those studies focused on older adults’ health and functional risks for injury. There is limited analysis of older adult injuries involving defective or malfunctioning assistive devices. Research Design and Methods Data from this study are from the National Electronic Surveillance System All Injury Program which collected data on consumer product-related injuries from a probability sample of 66 hospital Emergency Departments across the United States. Data from 30 776 older adult Emergency Department (ED) injury narratives from 2016 to 2020 were coded according to the assistive device involved and whether malfunctioning led to the injury. The study team manually examined all narratives in which the assistive device was coded to have malfunctioned. Results A total of 10 974 older adult ED cases were treated for 12 488 injuries involving a defective device. Injuries included 4 212 head and neck injuries (eg, concussion), 4 317 trunk injuries (eg, hip fractures), and 3 959 arm or leg injuries (eg, leg fracture). Of these patients, 4 586 were admitted to a hospital ward for further evaluation and treatment. Seventy percent of these patients were injured while using a walker; in contrast, wheelchairs were implicated in only 4% of the above cases. Design flaws were identified in 8 158 cases and part breakage/decoupling incidents in 2 816 cases. Discussion and Implications Our findings provide evidence that assistive devices are actively involved in older adult injuries. Further research is needed to reduce injuries associated with assistive devices by educating patients and their careproviders about device use and assembly and developing effective methods for informing manufacturers about malfunctioning devices.
Ionic and stable isotope chemistry as indicators of water sources to the Upper Mendoza River basin, Central Andes of Argentina

ABSTRACT The Mendoza River is mainly dependent on the melting of snow and ice in the Upper Andes. Since predicted changes in climate would modify snow accumulation and glacial melting, it is important to understand the relative contributions of various water sources to river discharge. The two main mountain ranges in the basin, Cordillera Principal and Cordillera Frontal, present differences in geology and receive differing proportions of precipitation from Atlantic and Pacific moisture sources. We propose that differences in the origin of precipitation, geology and sediment contact times across the basin generate ionic and stable isotopic signatures in the water, allowing the differentiation of water sources. Waters from the Cordillera Principal had higher salinity and were more isotopically depleted than those from the Cordillera Frontal. Stable isotope composition and salinity differed among different water sources. The chemical temporal evolution of rivers and streams indicated changes in the relative contributions of different sources, pointing to the importance of glacier melting and groundwater in the river discharge.
Gene Expression of Abcc2 and Its Regulation by Chicken Xenobiotic Receptor

Membrane transporter multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2/Abcc2) exhibits high pharmaco-toxicological relevance because it exports multiple cytotoxic compounds from cells. However, no detailed information about the gene expression and regulation of MRP2 in chickens is yet available. Here, we sought to investigate the expression distribution of Abcc2 in different tissues of chicken and then determine whether Abcc2 expression is induced by chicken xenobiotic receptor (CXR). The bioinformatics analyses showed that MRP2 transporters have three transmembrane structural domains (MSDs) and two highly conserved nucleotide structural domains (NBDs), and a close evolutionary relationship with turkeys. Tissue distribution analysis indicated that Abcc2 was highly expressed in the liver, kidney, duodenum, and jejunum. When exposed to metyrapone (an agonist of CXR) and ketoconazole (an antagonist of CXR), Abcc2 expression was upregulated and downregulated correspondingly. We further confirmed that Abcc2 gene regulation is dependent on CXR, by overexpressing and interfering with CXR, respectively. We also demonstrated the induction of Abcc2 expression and the activity of ivermectin, with CXR being a likely mediator. Animal experiments demonstrated that metyrapone and ivermectin induced Abcc2 in the liver, kidney, and duodenum of chickens. Together, our study identified the gene expression of Abcc2 and its regulation by CXR in chickens, which may provide novel targets for the reasonable usage of veterinary drugs.
The impact of entrepreneurial behavior on entrepreneurial human resources management: The mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation

Entrepreneurial human resources management can establish competitive advantages by consistently fostering superior human resources contributions within companies. This is achieved through the development of skilled employees who are passionate about delivering quality products and services. This study sets out to explore the role of entrepreneurial orientation for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly the relationship between entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial human resource management. An online questionnaire technique was used to meet the research objectives. The study sample consisted of 356 participants from human resource management departments from 30 SMEs in the Al-Hassan Industrial Estate (HIE) in northern Jordan. The structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the data. The results displayed that entrepreneurial behavior positively and significantly impacts both entrepreneurial human resources management and entrepreneurial orientation. Additionally, entrepreneurial orientation positively impacts entrepreneurial human resources management. Entrepreneurial orientation partially mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial human resources management. According to these findings, human resources management policies and practices influence the level of entrepreneurship within an organization.
Orthographic Effects in Word Recognition among Spanish-Speaking Learners of English

While speech perception has been found to influence word recognition, what specific aspects of the L1-L2 mapping play the most important role is not well understood. This study explores whether, and if so how, visual-orthographic information influences the mapping of phonemic information in an L2 in both perception and word-recognition. Spanish-speaking English learners completed an AXB and a word monitoring task in English manipulating the presence of the labiodental /v/ and the bilabial /b/ phonemes, which are allophonic in Spanish, but phonemic in English (e.g., best vs. vest). The results show a clear effect of L1 on L2 learners’ perception and word recognition, partly modulated by the orthographic information seen. These results support models that predict the mapping of L1-L2 phonemes, emphasizing how orthographic information may be an important variable to take into consideration.
Kernel Maps of the Bactrocera carambolae Occurrence in Amapá, Brazil

This work analyzes the spatial distribution of the Bactrocera carambolae occurrence between 2014 and 2019 in Amapá, Brazil. They monitored the quarantine pest present using traps distributed throughout the state. The technicians checked traps every fifteen days, recorded the occurrence, and sent the information to MAPA. To analyze the spatial distribution, we evaluated the degree of randomness of the traps using the non-homogeneous K function. Subsequently, we applied the quartic kernel function on the occurrences and the simulated occurrences, considering the non-homogeneous phenomenon and having the population per census tracts and highways as covariates. The results showed that we could use the method to monitor the pest on a regional scale.