Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computerized Motion Analysis of Videotaped Neonatal Seizures of Epileptic Origin

Summary: Purpose: The main objective of this research is the development of automated video processing and analysis procedures aimed at the recognition and characterization of the types of neonatal seizures. The long‐term goal of this research is the integration of these computational procedures into the development of a stand‐alone automated system that could be used as a supplement in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to provide 24‐h per day noninvasive monitoring of infants at risk for seizures.
Semantic Culturomics (vision paper)

Newspapers are testimonials of history. The same is increasingly true of social media such as online forums, online communities , and blogs. By looking at the sequence of articles over time, one can discover the birth and the development of trends that marked society and history – a field known as " Culturomics ". But Culturomics has so far been limited to statistics on keywords. In this vision paper, we argue that the advent of large knowledge bases (such as YAGO [37], NELL [5], DBpedia [3], and Freebase) will revolutionize the field. If their knowledge is combined with the news articles, it can breathe life into what is otherwise just a sequence of words for a machine. This will allow discovering trends in history and culture, explaining them through explicit logical rules, and making predictions about the events of the future. We predict that this could open up a new field of research , " Semantic Culturomics " , in which no longer human text helps machines build up knowledge bases, but knowledge bases help humans understand their society.
Modelling Long Term Disability following Injury: Comparison of Three Approaches for Handling Multiple Injuries

Background Injury is a leading cause of the global burden of disease (GBD). Estimates of non-fatal injury burden have been limited by a paucity of empirical outcomes data. This study aimed to (i) establish the 12-month disability associated with each GBD 2010 injury health state, and (ii) compare approaches to modelling the impact of multiple injury health states on disability as measured by the Glasgow Outcome Scale – Extended (GOS-E). Methods 12-month functional outcomes for 11,337 survivors to hospital discharge were drawn from the Victorian State Trauma Registry and the Victorian Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry. ICD-10 diagnosis codes were mapped to the GBD 2010 injury health states. Cases with a GOS-E score >6 were defined as “recovered. ” A split dataset approach was used. Cases were randomly assigned to development or test datasets. Probability of recovery for each health state was calculated using the development dataset. Three logistic regression models were evaluated: a) additive, multivariable; b) “worst injury;” and c) multiplicative. Models were adjusted for age and comorbidity and investigated for discrimination and calibration. Findings A single injury health state was recorded for 46% of cases (1–16 health states per case). The additive (C-statistic 0.70, 95% CI: 0.69, 0.71) and “worst injury” (C-statistic 0.70; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.71) models demonstrated higher discrimination than the multiplicative (C-statistic 0.68; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.70) model. The additive and “worst injury” models demonstrated acceptable calibration. Conclusions The majority of patients survived with persisting disability at 12-months, highlighting the importance of improving estimates of non-fatal injury burden. Additive and “worst” injury models performed similarly. GBD 2010 injury states were moderately predictive of recovery 1-year post-injury. Further evaluation using additional measures of health status and functioning and comparison with the GBD 2010 disability weights will be needed to optimise injury states for future GBD studies.
A practical implementation of face detection by using Matlab cascade object detector

The detection of faces in an image is a subject often studied in computer vision literature. The algorithm which allowed face detection, imposing new standards in this area, was the Viola - Jones algorithm. In this paper, a practical implementation of a face detector based on Viola-Jones algorithm using Matlab cascade object detector is presented. Employing the system type object vision.CascadeObjectDetector, eight face detectors were developed using the trainCascadeObjectDetector function and tuning the number of cascade layer and the False Alarm Rate. For different tuning parameters, the performances of the face detectors were analyzed.
Upper respiratory morbidity in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES To estimate the occurrence of and associations between upper respiratory tract infections in preschool children, and to assess constitutional and environmental factors as determinants of these infections. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. SETTING Oslo, Norway. PARTICIPANTS Preschool children, aged 4 to 5 years (3853 completed questionnaires). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Acute and recurrent acute otitis media, tonsillopharyngitis, common cold, and rhinitis. RESULTS Upper respiratory tract infections were common at age 4 years. During the last month, 7.1% of the children had acute otitis media and 7.5% experienced tonsillopharyngitis. Corresponding figures for common cold and rhinitis were 58.3% and 16. 4%, respectively. During the last 12 months, 9.5% of the children experienced more than 1 bout of acute otitis media, 6.9% had more than 1 tonsillopharyngitis episode, 47.7% contracted more than 2 common colds, and 3.2% had rhinitis weekly or monthly. The lifetime prevalence of recurrent acute otitis media (>/=4 episodes in any 12-month period) was 12.7% (n = 473). Bivariate correlations showed small-to-moderate relationships between the infections. Common cold was only weakly related to otitis media, tonsillopharyngitis, and chronic rhinitis. The probability for developing acute otitis media was almost 4-fold increased in children who had tonsillopharyngitis in the last year (adjusted odds ratio = 4.19; 95% confidence interval, 3.09-5.66). In logistic regression analysis, atopic disease was a strong determinant of all upper respiratory tract infections. Low birth weight increased the risk of acute otitis media. Day care attendance and the presence of siblings, which were considered to be indicators of exposure to respiratory pathogens, increased the risk of upper respiratory tract infections. CONCLUSIONS In preschool children, acute otitis media, tonsillopharyngitis, and common cold were quite common, while chronic rhinitis was less prevalent and strongly associated with atopic disease. Attendance at day care centers increased the risk of upper respiratory tract infections in this age group, although the effect was weaker than that in younger children.
Depression of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction by sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine.

The pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to the unilateral administration of 7% oxygen was studied in 10 anaesthetized dogs in which the lungs were mechanically ventilated. The distribution of blood flow between the two lungs was measured continuously by recording the radioactivity in the mixed expired gas from each lung during the infusion i.v. of xenon-133. Infusions of nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside which produced the same decrease in mean aortic pressure produced similar decreases in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. The reduction in arterial PO2 during unilateral hypoxia was greater when the hypoxic vasoconstrictor response was depressed by drugs than it was during the control periods, although mixed venous PO2 was unchanged. It is concluded that both drugs may cause hypoxaemia by increasing the blood flow to alveoli with a low ventilation/perfusion ratio.
Distribution Channel Selection of Foreign-Owned Firms in the Korean Market

ABSTRACT The transactions cost approach and the functional approach are two typical approaches to the design of marketing channels in an international context. While the transactions cost approach has been adopted very often and has many empirical supports, the functional approach has not yet attracted much empirical research interest in spite of its long history and applicability. This study combines these two approaches, which have been used separately in previous researches, and empirically tests the combined approach usg a sample of foreign-owned firms in the Korean market. Using a single logit model, this study found that the combined approach could explain a firm's selection between an integrated channel and an independent outside distributor in a foreign market.
A high-speed AES architecture implementation

We present in this paper a high performance implementation for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) standard. The design goal is directed toward efficient implementation of an AES cryptocore. The proposed architecture exhibits parallelism by concurrently processing all the bytes of a data block and computes each round key on-the-fly. The design implements both AES encryption and decryption by efficiently sharing the complex design modules. The proposed high-speed iterative implementation performing the AES operations in 11 clock cycles was synthesized for ALTERA's Cyclone II FPGA.
CheckM: assessing the quality of microbial genomes recovered from isolates, single cells, and metagenomes

Large-scale recovery of genomes from isolates, single cells, and metagenomic data has been made possible by advances in computational methods and substantial reductions in sequencing costs. Although this increasing breadth of draft genomes is providing key information regarding the evolutionary and functional diversity of microbial life, it has become impractical to finish all available reference genomes. Making robust biological inferences from draft genomes requires accurate estimates of their completeness and contamination. Current methods for assessing genome quality are ad hoc and generally make use of a limited number of “marker” genes conserved across all bacterial or archaeal genomes. Here we introduce CheckM, an automated method for assessing the quality of a genome using a broader set of marker genes specific to the position of a genome within a reference genome tree and information about the collocation of these genes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of CheckM using synthetic data and a wide range of isolate-, single-cell-, and metagenome-derived genomes. CheckM is shown to provide accurate estimates of genome completeness and contamination and to outperform existing approaches. Using CheckM, we identify a diverse range of errors currently impacting publicly available isolate genomes and demonstrate that genomes obtained from single cells and metagenomic data vary substantially in quality. In order to facilitate the use of draft genomes, we propose an objective measure of genome quality that can be used to select genomes suitable for specific gene- and genome-centric analyses of microbial communities.
Hemodynamic effects of epoprostenol in patients with systemic sclerosis and pulmonary hypertension.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine the cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients since PH can occur because of pulmonary arteriopathy, pulmonary parenchymal destruction, and left ventricular cardiac dysfunction. DESIGN AND SETTING Consecutive case series in a university hospital. PATIENTS Nine SSc patients with PH (mean pulmonary artery pressure, 41 mm Hg), with (n = 6) or without (n = 3) concomitant interstitial lung disease (ILD). METHODS Acute infusion of epoprostenol was begun at 2 ng/kg/min and was titrated upward at a rate of 2 ng/kg/min every 30 min until symptomatic complications developed or pulmonary artery vascular resistance (PVR) was reduced by 50%. RESULTS Eight of nine patients demonstrated a reduction of > or = 20% in PVR, suggesting that vasoreactivity is common despite the presence of significant ILD. A single patient had no response to infusion with unchanged hemodynamics and oxygenation. One patient developed hypoxemia as cardiac output increased, suggesting a worsening of ventilation/perfusion matching or the presence of an anatomic shunt. Acute pulmonary edema developed in one patient at an infusion rate of 6 ng/kg/min. The results of cardiac catheterization suggested that pulmonary edema was caused by SSc heart disease. CONCLUSION SSc patients with ILD have diverse and sometimes multiple causes of PH that can be determined by short-term epoprostenol infusion. Beneficial effects can be obtained from epoprostenol despite extensive ILD.
Soviet Fates and Lost Alternatives: From Stalinism to the New Cold War

Stephen F. Cohen. Soviet Fates and Lost Alternatives: From Stalinism to the New Cold War. New York: Columbia University Press, 2009. xiv, 308 pp. Notes. Index. $28.50 / £19.50, cloth.Stephen Cohen's latest book is an ambitious project. In seven chapters, covering seven decades, Cohen renders the turning points and lost alternatives in the history of the Soviet Union and the fledgling Russian Federation. His introduction makes a thought-provoking argument for the study of alternatives to reveal the nuances and complexity of historical moments. It is the intense focus on these alternatives that enables Cohen to link seemingly disparate events and to explore the consequences of the roads not taken over this tumultuous period.The narrative begins with Nikolai Bukharin and his demise in the dungeons of the Lubianka in the late 1930s. Cohen's early career was defined by a ground-breaking biography of Bukharin and his potential as a more benign alternative to Stalin. Soviet archival materials declassified in the 1990s now give Cohen the chance to recapture the terror of the times, complete with their searing absurdities, tensions and tragedies. In the second chapter Cohen turns to the profound moment when Stalin's GULAG survivors returned to society and the deep resonance this had for contemporary and future political alternatives. Chapter 3, "The Tragedy of Soviet Conservatism," focuses especially on Yegor Ligachev, who for Cohen embodied the progressive conservatism that could have saved the Soviet Union.In chapters 4 and 5 Cohen argues that the Soviet Union's implosion in 1991 was far from inevitable and indeed Gorbachev decisively proved the USSR's ability to be reformed. Cohen is also convinced that it was Gorbachev's democratization that was "Russia's missed democratic opportunity, an evolutionary road not taken" (p. 149). It seems for Cohen that behind these alternatives is a desire to see a more humane, liberal, equitable, economically viable and successful Soviet Union. It is a Gorbachevian vision to which Cohen clearly subscribes. Chapter 6 turns to Boris Yeltsin, the great destroyer of Gorbachev and his evolutionary reform of Soviet society. Cohen, using the words of a Russian journalist, relishes in describing Yeltsin as a "power alcoholic, addicted to power" (p. 132). He persuasively charts how Yeltsin paved the way for a new oligarchy and a regression of emerging freedoms. In the final chapter, Cohen brings the reader to Washington, D. C, where the post-Soviet peace has been unilaterally jettisoned in favour of NATO bases in the former USSR, missiles in Eastern Europe, and a painful legacy of disastrous economic advice.In each chapter Cohen undoubtedly succeeds in revealing the alternatives and complexity of historical moments. …
Do Teacher Reactions to Features of Principalship Vary by Gender

As school principals retire and the principal shortage is predicted to intensify over the next decade, proposals are being-made for altering the role of the principal and for providing candidates with realistic and appealing job descriptions. This study was conducted to examine whether specified features of the principal's role influence the attitudes and job-search behaviors of men and women differently. Equal numbers of male (n=84) and female (n=84) public teachers read and rated descriptions of a vacant principal position. The job descriptions emphasized that the successful applicant would be expected to use a specified administrative model and work a specified number of hours per week. Contrary to expectation, an analysis-of-variance procedure revealed that androcentric bias may be declining in recruitment messages in job descriptions as sex-role and gender discrimination disappears. Position announcements depicting a democratic administrative model and shorter work week appealed to males more than to females. These results suggest research on how organizational representatives can reinvent the principalship in ways that will be more appealing to women. (Contains 26 references and 3 tables.) (RT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Do Teacher Reactions to Features of Principalship Vary by Gender? Rose Mary Newton Assistant Professor The University of Alabama Peter Zeitoun Research Assistant The University of Alabama U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement ED ATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION
Intelligent-Commerce Research in China

Recent years have witnessed the increased application of AI technologies to real-world e-commerce challenges. This article presents a brief overview of representative work by Chinese researchers, covering topics such as multiagent decision making, keyword advertising, social networks, recommender systems, information retrieval and the semantic Web, and computational experiments. This article is part of a special issue on AI in China.
Implications of Production Functions: Yugoslav Economic Growth—1952–1974

Was there some underlying structural change in the Yugoslav economy in the 1960s which made it impossible for the economy to sustain the growth rates of the 1952-1961 pe riod without creating destabilizing pressures? Some scholars believe that such an alteration may have taken place. Branko Horvat noted in 1971 that "if the rate of growth is high, say around 9%-10% a year, cyclical fluctuations, even if they do exist, do not matter very much. But when the rate of growth is re tarded, as happened in Yugoslavia after 1960, instability becomes a serious economic prob lem. "1 Prior to 1961 the economy exhibited ex cellent growth without displaying signs of instability. According to Joel Dirlam and James Plummer, "the average growth rates of this period were so phenomenal, it seemed the Yugoslav economy had discovered a spe cial key to expansion, a secret that no other nation possessed. "2 This was no longer the case after 1961. The slackening in the growth rate that occurred between 1961 and 1963 may have been associated with the end of a cycle that crested in 1960; however, after 1965, the year of economic reforms, the growth potential of the economy seems to have diminished noticeably, and major prob lems of price stability and emigration ap peared. The average growth rate for the index of industrial production in Table II was 12.2% in the 1952-1964 period as compared with 6.6% in th 1965-1974 period. The pur pose of this study is to explore various expla nations and interpretations for the change in the growth rate of output after 1965.
A Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet with Application in Image Denoising

This paper introduces a recently designed dual-tree complex wavelet and studies its application in image denoising. The primal filter bank is selected to be the Daubechies 9/7 filter bank, and the dual filter bank is designed to have length of 10/8; both filter banks are biorthogonal and symmetric. The wavelets of the dual-tree filter bank form (almost) Hilbert transform pairs, allowing nearly shift-invariance and good directionality of the dual-tree complex wavelet transform. The transform is then used in image denoising. We employ the bivariate shrinkage algorithm for wavelet coefficient modeling and thresholding. Various images are tested. The experimental results compare favorably to some other dual-tree complex wavelets.
The Global Financial Crisis and Its Impact on Trade: The World and the European Emerging Economies

This paper describes how the global financial crisis of 2007-2010 impacted trade both globally and more specifically for the European emerging economies, which in terms of GDP decline, were the most negatively impacted economies in the world. Just as with GDP, the trade of the European emerging economies was more severely impacted by the crisis than the trade for other regions of the world; exports for over one half of these economies declined by more than 50 per cent between the third quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009. Despite these large declines, the geographical and sectoral distribution of their trade remained relatively stable. Most of these economies adjusted to the shock with a currency depreciation of about 20 per cent. The current account deficits of many of these economies which were quite large prior to the crisis were reduced significantly. Although there were some increases in protectionist measures and they did have a beggar-thy-neighbor component, in many cases these measures reflected macroeconomic policy failures, especially regarding the coordination of fiscal stimulus programs, and may have been welfare improving second best policies. The crisis is unlikely to result in major design changes in the world trading system, although the opposite is true for the world financial system.
Research on technology construction of apparel information virtual systems

With the increasing prosperity of apparel e-commerce and perfection of apparel B2C e-commerce system, this article, oriented to meet customer's requirements, conducts research and simulation design on the system's function and technology of apparel information retrieval, apparel display and virtual fitting systems, thus enables customers to search at their own will for their favorite apparel information according to the styles, colors and patterns they are fond of. This system provides virtual fitting to display fully the chosen clothes. In this way, consumers know completely in vision to make an effective choice.
Real-Time Data Dissemination Based on Reactive and Restricted Zone Search in Sensor Networks

Typical real-time routing data dissemination schemes employ 1-hop transmission speed based on the 1-hop lookahead manner that proactively obtains information of 1-hop neighbor nodes and selects one that satisfies a desired delivery speed as next hop. To improve performance of 1-hop lookahead based real-time routing protocols, THVR (Two-Hop Velocity-based Routing) is proposed. THVR reduces deadline miss ratio that the ratio of the number of data that exceeds the time limit to total number of sending data via routing decision based on 2-hop neighborhood information obtained from the 2-hop lookahead information. However, since the 2-hop lookahead manner makes every sensor node proactively obtain 2-hop neighborhood information whether the sensor node has data to forward or not, THVR carries two inefficiencies: heavy control message exchange overhead and high computing complexity. In this paper, we propose a noble real-time routing protocol based on reactive and restricted zone search. The proposed protocol minimizes the deadline miss ratio and eliminates the two inefficiencies mentioned above by on-demand multi-hop lookahead. In the proposed scheme, reactive multi-hop neighborhood information obtainment is fulfilled only by a small number of sensor nodes within a restricted zone around a data forwarding path from the source to the destination.