Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Learning for Dynamic Feature Extraction With Application in Soft Sensing

Data-driven techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) have been widely used to derive predictive models from historical data and applied for quality prediction in industry. Motivated by reducing data collinearity and extracting informative driving forces behind data, latent variable models are explored to facilitate the prediction by regressing data on a set of extracted features. In this paper, a novel learning strategy is proposed to build dynamic features under a full Bayesian framework, incorporating data information and prior knowledge of process dynamics. Unlike the traditional PCA that extracts features based on variances explained, in this paper, the latent features are extracted with the guidance of preferred velocities of nominal variations. By applying Bayesian learning algorithms, parameters are estimated with probability distributions accounting for corresponding uncertainties, and the number of latent features can be automatically determined by the variational Bayesian inference algorithm. The effectiveness and practicability of this Bayesian dynamic feature regression are demonstrated through simulated examples as well as an industrial case study.
DELFIM: error detection by thin memory protection

Memory protection has been widely recognized as an effective concurrent error detection method. Some of the studies made show that its effectiveness changes as the percentage of unused memory grows, since the probability of a wrong address falling on the unused zone also grows. In this paper, we follow that hint, and try to determine how better does the detection capability of protected memory get, when the protection boundaries are dynamically changed to encompass just the code of the function being executed. We implemented this method on a VME standard board, monitoring a commercial MC68000-based system. The system was tested by means of physical injection of about 25000 faults. Experimental results revealed that this mechanism can typically detect more than 80% of the faults, improving in about 5% the results from the traditional mechanisms. We also verified that only around 30% of the undetected faults induced a system failure.
Some (provocative) thoughts on “teaching computers and society”

Teaching about technology and social impacts can be categorized along several lines. At the last meeting of NSF Project ImpactCS, a group which has been discussing the curriculum for related topics in computer science, I found the following to be the most fruitful for those of us who must actually engage students in this material: 1) Ethical Values vs. Social Impacts; 2) Value Free Instruction vs. Stated Values Instruction. At the invitation of our editors, I am stating my perhaps extreme feelings on these matters in the hopes of engendering debate and reflection among my colleagues.
Hypoglycemia in nondiabetic patients undergoing albumin dialysis by molecular adsorbent recirculating system

It was observed that patients developed episodes of hypoglycemia during molecular adsorbent recycling system (MARS) treatment. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of MARS treatment on blood glucose concentration to formulate appropriate dextrose replacement guidelines during MARS dialysis. Five patients with liver failure each underwent a 6‐ to 8‐hour MARS treatment. No patient had a history of diabetes or was administered insulin or oral antihyperglycemic agents throughout the period of albumin dialysis. There was no active intervention or restriction on glucose intake. Rather, a dextrose drip and boluses were allowed based on each patient's condition and the clinical judgment of the attending physician. Blood glucose concentration was monitored hourly during the period of MARS treatment. Glucose loss in dialysate fluid was quantified hourly by measuring the total volume of dialysate fluid and assaying the glucose concentration in dialysate fluid. Mean glucose removal during a 6‐hour MARS session was 37.19 ± 5.58 g. Mean glucose removal rate was 6.20 ± 0.93 g/h. In addition to a maintenance drip supporting the caloric requirement of patients, a dextrose replacement drip that paralleled the rate of glucose removal would prevent patients from experiencing episodes of hypoglycemia during MARS treatment. Dextrose replacement at a mean rate of 6 g/h (range, 5 to 7 g/h) in patients without diabetes undergoing albumin dialysis by MARS is recommended
Smart Grid Testbed for Demand Focused Energy Management in End User Environments

Successful deployment of smart grids necessitates experimental validation of their state-of-theart designs in two-way communications, real-time demand response, and monitoring of consumers’ energy usage behavior. The objective is to observe consumers’ energy usage pattern and exploit this information to assist the grid in designing incentives, energy management mechanisms, and real-time demand response protocols, so as help the grid achieve lower costs and improve energy supply stability. Further, by feeding the observed information back to the consumers instantaneously, it is also possible to promote energy efficient behavior among users. To this end, this paper performs a literature survey on smart grid testbeds around the world, and presents the main accomplishments toward realizing a smart grid testbed at the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD). The testbed is able to monitor, analyze, and evaluate smart grid communication network design and control mechanisms, and test the suitability of various communications networks for both residential and commercial buildings. The testbeds are deployed within the SUTD student dormitories and the main university campus to monitor and record end-user energy consumption in real-time, which will enable us to design incentives, control algorithms, and real-time demand response schemes. The testbed also provides an effective channel to evaluate the needs of communication networks to support various smart grid applications. In addition, our initial results demonstrate that our testbed can provide an effective platform to identify energy waste, and prompt the needs of a secure communications channel as the energy usage pattern can provide privacy related information on individual users.
Cloning and molecular epidemiology of plasmid-determined fosfomycin resistance

The plasmid determinant of resistance to fosfomycin (For) was cloned into pBR322 and located in a 0.7-kilobase segment of DNA by transposon mutagenesis and in vitro deletion analysis. It encodes an 18-kilodalton protein located in the cytoplasm of resistant cells. Its synthesis is constitutive. The For genetic determinant is common to all plasmids isolated since 1975 in an hospital environment as determined by DNA-DNA hybridization. However, plasmids which carry For can be divided into two groups on the basis of size, pattern of antibiotic resistances, incompatibility specificity, and restriction and hybridization properties.
Genomic mutation rates that neutralize adaptive evolution and natural selection

When mutation rates are low, natural selection remains effective, and increasing the mutation rate can give rise to an increase in adaptation rate. When mutation rates are high to begin with, however, increasing the mutation rate may have a detrimental effect because of the overwhelming presence of deleterious mutations. Indeed, if mutation rates are high enough: (i) adaptive evolution may be neutralized, resulting in a zero (or negative) adaptation rate despite the continued availability of adaptive and/or compensatory mutations, or (ii) natural selection may be neutralized, because the fitness of lineages bearing adaptive and/or compensatory mutations—whether established or newly arising—is eroded by excessive mutation, causing such lineages to decline in frequency. We apply these two criteria to a standard model of asexual adaptive evolution and derive mathematical expressions—some new, some old in new guise—delineating the mutation rates under which either adaptive evolution or natural selection is neutralized. The expressions are simple and require no a priori knowledge of organism- and/or environment-specific parameters. Our discussion connects these results to each other and to previous theory, showing convergence or equivalence of the different results in most cases.
Risk Factors of Recurrent Lumbar Disk Herniation: A Single Center Study and Review of the Literature

Background: The recurrence of lumbar disk herniation (LDH) is a major problem in the treatment of LDH. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for recurrent LDH. Methods: Between April 2005 and March 2008, 298 patients with LDH, who underwent surgical treatment, were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into a nonrecurrent group (N group) and a recurrent group (R group). We compared their clinical parameters including age, sex, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, sports activity, occupational lifting, and occupational driving. The relationships between the variables and recurrent LDH were evaluated by univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The N group had 266 patients (89.3%) and the R group had 32 patients (10.7%). Univariate analysis showed that current smoking (P<0.001) and occupational lifting (P=0.02) significantly correlated with recurrent LDH. Multivariate analysis showed that current smoking significantly related with recurrent LDH (OR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.55–7.80; P=0.003). Conclusions: Our study suggests that smoking cessation and restraining from lifting may significantly decrease the incidence of recurrent LDH.
A TRANSPARENT WATERMARKING METHOD FOR COLOR IMAGES

This paper presents a secure watermarking method, which provides robustness against a set of attacks. The watermark is embedded into the blue channel of the images in specific locations that guarantee the minimization of the number of bits modified, based on bit similarities that exist between the signature and the cover data. Visual quality measurements and empirical tests have shown the imperceptibility of the embedded watermark. Over 500 tests were performed on numerous images from our image collection, confirming that the watermark can be recovered, even after multiple attacks have been launched in sequence. The probability of false recovery, according to this method is extremely low. Experimental confirmation of the low probability is also provided in this paper.
Sensitive Determination of Rutin Using a Nafion/PMB/Graphene Composite-Modified Glassy Electrode

A novel Nafion/PMB/G/GCE was prepared by firstly electro-polymerization of MB to G/GCE and then coating Nafion on PMB/G/GCE. The as-prepared modified electrode combining the advantages of Nafion, methylene blue and G was employed for the sensitive detection of rutin. The results showed that the peak current of rutin obtained on Nafion/PMB/G/GCE was obviously high compared to bare electrode and G/GCE. Under the optimized value of pH, which was pH 3.0, peak current of rutin had good linear relation with the scan rate. At the same time, peak current increased linearly with increasing concentration of rutin. The linear range was from 5×10-7 mol/L to 1.2×10-5 mol/L, and the detection limit was 9.5×10-8 mol/L
Crystal structure of the tet repressor in complex with a novel tetracycline, 9-(N,N-dimethylglycylamido)- 6-demethyl-6-deoxy-tetracycline.

The tetracycline analog 9-(N, N-dimethylglycylamido)-6-demethyl-6-deoxy-tetracycline (9glyTc) belongs to a new group of tetracyclines called glycylcyclines. They are strong antibiotics showing reduced sensitivity against the major tetracycline resistance mechanisms. We have determined the crystal structure of 9glyTc in complex with Tet repressor class D, TetR(D), at 2.4 A resolution. Sterical hindrance at the entrance of the tetracycline binding tunnel of TetR by the bulky and charged glycyl amido substituent interferes with conformational changes required for the mechanism of induction, and leads to decreased induction efficiency as observed for point mutations of amino acid residues located in the neighbourhood to the glycylamido moiety of bound 9glyTc.
Investigation of Nano-Phase Change for Phase Change Random Access Memory

Understanding of the phase change in nano-scale, or so-called nano-phase change, and its related issues are important for its applications on both optical recording and phase change random access memory (PCRAM). Nano-phase change can be classified into thickness-dependent and structure dependent types. For PCRAM device performance, the film thickness-dependent thermal profile and materials' properties are the two important factors. In this work, the thickness dependence of nano-phase change for chalcogenide materials was studied by both simulation and experiments. A thermal model was built up to simulate the film thickness-dependent thermal profiles and its corresponding effects of line type PCRAM. The simulation results showed that the temperature profile, heating rate and cooling rate are strongly dependent on the thickness of phase change materials. Experiments had been conducted to investigate the thickness dependence of crystallization temperature for both nucleation-dominated and growth-dominated phase change material. It was found that the crystallization temperatures are function of the thickness for the both materials. Higher crystallization temperatures were obtained for thinner phase change films. The influence of above factors on the performance of PCRAM devices is discussed.
Chronic Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Childhood-Onset Skin Necrosis Resulting From Homozygosity for a Protein C Gla Domain Mutation, Arg15Trp

A toddler of Haitian descent presented with an 18-month history of chronic consumption coagulopathy, followed by catastrophic skin necrosis. Protein C deficiency (1% to 3% of control) was noted by functional assay; chromogenic assay and antigen levels were 30% of control. Plasma infusion abrogated the disseminated intravascular coagulation-like state. The authors identified a homozygous mutation, C1432T, resulting in a missense, Arg15Trp, in the gamma-carboxyglutamate domain of the protein. Chronic consumption coagulopathy without purpura fulminans or venous thrombosis is a rare presentation of defective protein C pathway. The result of this mutation is a mixed type I (low antigen) and type II (low function) phenotype.
SIMSISH Technique Does Not Alter the Apparent Isotopic Composition of Bacterial Cells

In order to identify the function of uncultured microorganisms in their environment, the SIMSISH method, combining in situ hybridization (ISH) and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) imaging, has been proposed to determine the quantitative uptake of specific labelled substrates by uncultured microbes at the single cell level. This technique requires the hybridization of rRNA targeted halogenated DNA probes on fixed and permeabilized microorganisms. Exogenous atoms are introduced into cells and endogenous atoms removed during the experimental procedures. Consequently differences between the original and the apparent isotopic composition of cells may occur. In the present study, the influence of the experimental procedures of SIMSISH on the isotopic composition of carbon in E. coli cells was evaluated with nanoSIMS and compared to elemental analyser-isotopic ratio mass spectrometer (EA-IRMS) measurements. Our results show that fixation and hybridization have a very limited, reproducible and homogeneous influence on the isotopic composition of cells. Thereby, the SIMSISH procedure minimizes the contamination of the sample by exogenous atoms, thus providing a means to detect the phylogenetic identity and to measure precisely the carbon isotopic composition at the single cell level. This technique was successfully applied to a complex sample with double bromine – iodine labelling targeting a large group of bacteria and a specific archaea to evaluate their specific 13C uptake during labelled methanol anaerobic degradation.
NO targets SIRT1: a novel signaling network in endothelial senescence.

Aging is considered to be a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries. Among the age-associated functional and structural changes in the vascular wall, particularly endothelial function declines during the ageing process. Impairment of endothelial function critically contributes to the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases (eg, atherosclerosis) and is manifested in its earliest form as an attenuation of endothelium-dependent dilator responses as a consequence of an alteration in the expression or activity of the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) and increased oxidative stress. Endothelial senescence appears to play a key role in the process of vascular aging, affecting vascular tone, blood vessel growth, and regeneration. Thus, identifying new molecular targets involved in senescence signaling offers opportunities to potentially improve endothelial cell function and cardiovascular disease progression. See accompanying article on page 1634 In a study published in the present issue of Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology , Ota et al report that the PDE3 inhibitor cilostazol prevents endothelial premature senescence by a NO-dependent upregulation of SIRT1, a key regulator of ageing and longevity in lower organisms.1 Apart from the relevance of these findings for improving the understanding of vascular endothelial senescence pathways, they point to SIRT1 as an important modulator of signaling networks critical for maintaining vascular endothelial homeostasis and suggest novel therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Cellular senescence has been used as a model for mammalian aging. This process consists of a state of permanent cell cycle arrest associated with characteristic changes in cell morphology and gene expression. Most mammalian cells undergo a limited number of divisions in culture, eventually entering a state of cellular senescence. This process, also referred to as replicative senescence, is related to the attrition of telomeres after …
Performance Evaluation of Frequency Planning in a Novel Cellular Architecture Based on Sector Relay

To avoid inter-cell interference effectively and to improve the performance of cell-edge users, a novel cellular architecture, termed Cellular Architecture Based on Sector Relay (CASR), is proposed in this paper, and two frequency planning schemes based on CASR are investigated. In CASR, fixed relays equipped with directional antennas are located at the vertex of the hexagonal cell for sectorization, thus each relay can be shared by three cells. The two frequency planning schemes are designed for different situations, one of which focuses more on the performance of cell one-hop users and the other one focuses on the performance balance between one-hop users and two-hop users. Interference analysis and performance evaluation are implemented for both one-hop users and two-hop users. System-level simulation in multi-cell and multi-user environment shows that compared with the existing cellular relay cell architecture, the proposed CASR combined with the two frequency planning schemes yield higher cell spectral efficiency. Moreover, the performance of cell-edge users is significantly improved.
PRUNES: an efficient and complete strategy for automated trust negotiation over the Internet

The Internet provides an environment where two parties, who are virtually strangers to each other, can make connections and do business together. Before any actual business starts, a certain level of trust should be established. Each party should make sure that the other one is quali ed and can be trusted for the ongoing business. Property-based digital credentials [1] make it possible to prove that a party satis es certain requirements imposed by the ongoing business. The problem is that digital credentials themselves also contain valuable information which a party does not want to show to just any strangers. Therefore, for each credential there is usually a disclosure policy associated with it, indicating under what circumstances this credential can be disclosed. An automated trust negotiation strategy needs to be adopted to establish trust between two parties based on their disclosure policies. Previously proposed negotiation strategies may either fail when in fact success is possible, disclose irrelevant credentials, or have a high communication complexity. In this paper, we present a trust negotiation strategy, Prudent Negotiation Strategy (PRUNES), that guarantees that trust is established, if allowed by the credential disclosure policies. Meanwhile PRUNES makes sure that no irrelevant credentials are disclosed during trust negotiations. We also prove that PRUNES is e cient: in the worst case, the communication complexity is O(n) and the computational complexity is O(nm), where n is the number of credentials and m is the size of the credential disclosure policies in disjunctive normal form.
Cross talk between Wnt /-catenin and Irf 8 in leukemia progression and drug resistance

The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Exp. Med. 2013 Vol. 210 No. 11 2239-2256 www.jem. org/cgi/doi/10.1084/jem.20130706 2239 Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder that results from the stable recurrent Philadelphia chromosomal translocation (Ph+) in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), giving rise to the oncogenic BCRABL fusion protein (Nowell and Hungerford, 1960; Bartram et al., 1983). The course of CML is biphasic, with a prolonged chronic phase (CP) that eventually progresses to a fatal blast-crisis phase (BP) that is characterized by accumulation of differentiation-arrested and therapy-resistant blast cells (Perrotti et al., 2010). Administration of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can efficiently restrain CML-CP, but complete remission is difficult to achieve due to persistence of TKI-resistant leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) that may reestablish CML and cause disease relapse (Druker et al., 2006; Crews and Jamieson, 2013). These observations highlight the clinical need to approach mechanisms of CML LIC’s persistence. The presence of putative LICs in different types of leukemia and their clinical relevance has been determined experimentally (Bonnet and Dick, 1997; Eppert et al., 2011). LICs may originate from normal HSCs or from committed progenitors that share a core transcriptional “stemness” program with HSCs (Krivtsov et al., 2006; Eppert et al., 2011). Wnt/-catenin signaling is one of the important players in the stem cell pathways. Although the role of Wnt/ -catenin signaling in the regulation of selfrenewal in normal HSCs remains under debate (Cobas et al., 2004; Jeannet et al., 2008; Koch et al., 2008), its involvement in leukemogenesis and necessity for development of LICs is widely acknowledged (Müller-Tidow et al., 2004; Malhotra and Kincade, 2009; Wang et al., 2010; Yeung et al., 2010; Luis et al., 2012). In BCR-ABL–induced CML, Wnt/-catenin signaling is aberrantly activated and responsible for expanding the granulocyte/monocyte progenitor (GMP) pool in patients with blast crisis (Jamieson et al., 2004; Abrahamsson et al., 2009). Although deletion of -catenin in a BCR-ABL–induced CML mouse model led to impaired leukemogenesis (Zhao et al., 2007; Hu et al., 2009), delay of disease recurrence and abrogation of fully developed CORRESPONDENCE Achim Leutz: aleutz@mdc-berlin.de OR Marina Scheller: m.scheller@uke.de