Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structure and function of rat liver polysome populations. I. Complexity, frequency distribution, and degree of uniqueness of free and membrane-bound polysomal polyadenylate-containing RNA populations

Free and membrane-bound polysomes were isolated from rat liver in high yields with minimal degradation, cross-contamination, or contamination by nuclear or nonpolysomal cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein. Poly(A)+ RNA fractions isolated from free and bound polysomal RNA (poly(A)+ RNAfree and poly(A)+ RNAbound) by oligo(dT) cellulose chromatography exhibited number-average lengths of 1,600 and 1,200 nucleotides, respectively, on formamide sucrose gradients. Poly(A)+ RNAfree and poly(A)+ RNAbound contain 9.1 +/- 0.55 and 10.7 +/- 0.50% poly(A) as measured by hybridization to [3H]poly(U) and comprise 2.37 and 1.22% of their respective polysomal RNA populations. Homologous poly(A)+ RNA-cDNA hybridizations revealed that greater than 95% of the mass of poly(A)+ RNAfree and poly(A)+ RNAbound contain nucleotide complexities of about 3.4 x 10(7) and 6.0 x 10(6), respectively. This represents about 20,000 and 5,000 poly(A)+ RNA species of average sizes. Heterologous hybridizations suggested that considerable overlap exists between poly(A)+ RNAfree and poly(A)+ RNAbound sequences that cannot be attributed to cross-contamination. This was confirmed by conducting heterologous reactions using kinetically enriched cDNA populations. Heterologous hybridizations involving poly(A)+ RNA derived from tightly bound polysomes and cDNAfree indicated tha most of the overlapping sequences are not contributed by loosely bound (high-salt releasable) polysomes. The ramifications of these findings are discussed.
Developing a fuzzy model for Tehran's air quality

This research aims to offer a fuzzy approach for calculating Tehran's air pollution index. The method is based on fuzzy analysis model, and uses the information about air quality index (AQI), included on the website of Tehran’s Air Quality Monitoring And Supervision Bureau. The contrived fuzzy logic is considered a powerful tool for demonstrating the information associated with uncertainty. In the end, several graphs visualize this inferential system in various levels of pollution.
Reorganization of the motor cortex in a patient with congenital hemiparesis and mirror movements

Article abstract Abnormal branching of corticospinal fibers from the unaffected motor cortex is responsible for mirror movements in patients with congenital hemiparesis, but it is unknown which mechanisms enable these patients to lateralize motor activity. Using multiunit electromyographic analysis and transcranial magnetic stimulation, the authors provide evidence for nonbranched crossed and uncrossed corticospinal projections and intracortical inhibition of the mirror hand. They propose that this remarkable reorganization of the unaffected motor cortex helps these patients to reduce mirror movements.
Sex Differences in Satisfaction with Pay and Co-Workers: Faculty and Staff at a Public Institution of Higher Education

The present study examined the sex differences in job satisfaction of staff and faculty in a Southeastern University. No significant differences between university staff and faculty were found. However, there were significant differences between males and females in that males tended to have higher satisfaction with pay than females, whereas females tended to have higher satisfaction with co-workers than males. The findings were discussed in light of people's attitudes toward money.
System energy minimization via joint optimization of the DC-DC converter and the core

This paper addresses the problem of designing energy-efficient embedded systems by jointly optimizing the power consumption of both the DC-DC converter and the computational core. Past work has shown that there exists a minimum energy operating point (MEOP) in the subthreshold region for computational cores (C-MEOP), at which the dynamic and leakage powers are balanced. The MEOP is defined by the 3-tuple consisting of the optimum energy consumption E∗, optimum voltage V∗ and optimum frequency f∗. First, we show that the DC-DC converter losses in dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) cause the overall system MEOP (S-MEOP) to differ significantly from C-MEOP. Simulations in a 130-nm, 1.2V commercial CMOS process show that operation at S-MEOP results in a 45.5% energy savings over operating at a core voltage V∗C suggested by C-MEOP. The DC-DC converter efficiency is also improved by 2.2X. Second, we show that architectural techniques such as parallelization cause the S-MEOP to approach C-MEOP. Thus, it is sufficient to track C-MEOP — a much easier task on-chip — in order to account for process variations. We show that DC-DC converter losses reduces in subthreshold region but increases in superthreshold region when parallelization is employed. This observation leads us to propose a reconfigurable core architecture that improves the converter efficiency by 2.3X at C-MEOP, and makes energy consumption at S-MEOP and C-MEOP to be within 4% of each other, while improving throughput in the subthreshold region by at least 8X. Finally, we show that pipelining, which has been proposed to decrease core energy at C-MEOP while improving throughput [1], adversely affects the S-MEOP. The pipelined-core system energy at S-MEOP is 85% lower than the pipelined-core system energy when operating at the C-MEOP voltage V∗C.
Automated Anxiety Control Promotes Student Retention: A Replication

This study was undertaken to replicate prior findings in which a testanxiety control training produced substantial test gains among students on academic probation. First semester students with marginal achievement were identified, screened for test anxiety, and found to have substantially higher anxiety than other students. Six of the anxious students were assigned to a treatment group, and 4 served as controls. The treated students were instructed to review the pre-recorded test anxiety control training at least once, and all reported that they had done so. Four weeks later, at the end of the semester, the treated students achieved six tenths of a letter grade above the control students. While the sample is small, the advantage of the treated group is similar to earlier findings and supports the effectiveness of the automated anxiety control training.
Configural coding of facial expressions: The impact of inversion and photographic negative

In previous research we used the composite paradigm (Young, Hellawell, & Hay, 1987) to demonstrate that configural cues are important for interpreting facial expressions. However, different configural cues in face perception have been identified, including holistic processing (i.e., perception of facial features as a single gestalt) and second‐order spatial relations (i.e., the spatial relationship between individual features). Previous research has suggested that the composite effect for facial identity operates at the level of holistic encoding. Here we show that the composite effect for facial expression has a similar perceptual basis by using different graphic manipulations (stimulus inversion and photographic negative) in conjunction with the composite paradigm. In relation to Bruce and Young's (1986) functional model of face recognition, a suitable level for the composite effect is a stage of front‐end processing referred to as structural encoding, that is common to both facial identity and facial expression perception.
Electrophysiological Evidence for Retinal Projections to the Hypothalamic Supraoptic Nucleus and its Perinuclear Zone

Secretion of vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) displays a daily rhythm. Using electrophysiological methods, we investigated the projections from the optic nerve to the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and its perinuclear zone (PNZ) which might underlie the rhythm. Extracellular recordings were made from magnocellular cells in the SON and its PNZ in 22 urethane‐anaesthetized female Wistar rats while stimulating the optic nerve. The responses of magnocellular and PNZ cells were classified as orthodromic excitatory (OD+) or inhibitory (OD‐) after creating peri‐stimulus time histograms (PSTHs). Twenty‐six of 73 (35.6%) VP and OT cells and 16 of 42 (38.1%) PNZ cells were excited by optic nerve stimulation. PNZ cells displayed both short (for 7 cells 30 ms or less) and long (>60 ms) latency responses. Most (6/7) short latency responses had a short duration but longer latency responses were longer. No magnocellular cells showed responses with both short latency and short duration. Short latency responses with a short duration probably reflect direct monosynaptic inputs whereas longer latency responses with longer duration may reflect complex inputs. Thus the retina projects to the PNZ and to the SON but the PNZ receives a stronger direct input. Such projections might provide a light‐related input to SON cells and suggest a role for the PNZ in this input.
2-Factor Authentication with 2D Barcodes

An improved user-friendly secure authentication scheme using 2D barcodes is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme uses a known mobile device as a second factor to decode an encrypted message transferred as a 2D barcode and read via a camera on the mobile device. A one-time passcode is produced from this for authentication. Elliptic curve public-key codes are used on a PKI-SIM card to encrypt a challenge as well as additional temporal data. The proposed scheme improves the security and usability of multi-factor authentication and transaction verification without requiring increased investment in hardware or user training.
Emotion Skills and Marital Health: The Association Between Observed and Self–Reported Emotion Skills, Intimacy, and Marital Satisfaction

The relationship between observed and self–reported emotion skills, intimacy, and relationship satisfaction was examined. Results showed that emotion skills can be reliably observed in couples' interactions. Results also supported a model in which emotion skills influence marital satisfaction through their influence on intimacy. Results further showed that observed emotion skills added to self–report in the prediction of marital health. Finally, where there were gender differences, women were more emotionally skillful than men.
Versatile Spectral Imaging With an Algorithm-Based Spectrometer Using Highly Tuneable Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetectors

We report on the implementation of an algorithm-based spectrometer capable of reconstructing the spectral shape of materials in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) wavelengths using only experimental photocurrent measurements from quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs). The theory and implementation of the algorithm will be described, followed by an investigation into this algorithmic spectrometer's performance. Compared to the QDIPs utilized in an earlier implementation, the ones used here have highly varying spectral shapes and four spectral peaks across the MWIR and LWIR wavelengths. It has been found that the spectrometer is capable of reconstructing broad spectral features of a range of bandpass infrared filters between wavelengths of 4 and 12 as well as identifying absorption features as narrow as 0.3 in the IR spectrum of a polyethylene sheet.
Power and status differentials in minority and majority group relations

Using a variant of the minimal group paradigm (Tajfel and Turner, 1986), this study tested the effects of power, status and group numbers on intergroup behaviours and perceptions. Subjects (N = 160) were categorized into groups that varied on status (high or low), power (dominant or subordinate) and group numbers (majority or minority) variables within a 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design. Based on their evaluations of others' creative products, subjects distributed credit points to ingroup and outgroup others using the Tajfel matrices. Results showed that dominant group members were much more discriminatory and less parity oriented towards outgroup others than subordinate group members. High status group members were more discriminatory and less parity oriented than low status group members. Minority group members who were dominant and of high status were highly discriminatory and were unique in showing no parity whatsoever towards outgroup others. Subordinate low status minorities did not discriminate and were exceptional in showing out-group favouritism. Relative to group status and group numbers, group power seemed more predictive of actual discriminatory behaviour. Group status accounted for the greatest variance in social identification and intergroup perceptions measures. Results also showed that social categorization was sufficient to elicit more in-group than outgroup liking amongst all group members regardless of their position in the intergroup structure. Overall, this study indicated that power, status and group numbers independently and in combination, have a strong impact on intergroup behaviours and perceptions.
Seeing the evidence: learning from images in neuroscience

The cover of this issue heralds a series of articles in which a visual image derived from cell biology or neuroscience is used to promote understanding of the biological mechanisms fundamental to psychiatry. ‘Images in neuroscience’ are intended to demonstrate the structures and mechanisms of the basic building blocks of brain function, including ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, second messenger systems, specialised ion channels, transmitter pathways, transporters, neuroglial function, and the complex mechanisms within cells that are being revealed, as new genetic associations for mental illness are discovered.
The Impact of Immigration Policy on Education Reform

This article presents an analysis of how current immigration policy affects educators and their efforts to educate in schools serving immigrant families. The focus was on those factors that play a critical role in meeting the needs of immigrant students including access to schools and school programs; assessment and placement; differentiated curricula; school climate; availability of support services and community involvement. The analysis suggests that immigration policy affects education by its facilitation of a massive increase in school enrollment of immigrant students whose presence is a major stimulus for school restructuring and curricular reform. Furthermore, their level of education will strongly affect the quality of the future labor force and the demand for public services. This indicates that educational leaders must focus on reform efforts that realize, at the minimum, high school graduation and college attendance. Moreover, the public must advocate reforms that encourage naturalization and expedite English proficiency for adult immigrants already living and working in all regions of the nation.
Media Exposure and Tobacco, Illicit Drugs, and Alcohol Use among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

The authors systematically reviewed 42 quantitative studies on the relationship between media exposure and tobacco, illicit drug, and alcohol use among children and adolescents. Overall, 83% of studies reported that media was associated with increased risk of smoking initiation, use of illicit drugs, and alcohol consumption. Of 30 studies examining media content, 95% found a statistically significant association between increased media exposure and negative outcomes. Similarly, of the 12 studies evaluating the quantity of media exposure, 67% reported an association with a negative outcome. Overall, all 17 of the identified longitudinal studies supported a causal association between media exposure and negative outcomes over time. The evidence was strongest for links between media exposure and tobacco use; it was moderate for illicit drug use and alcohol use. Substantial variability in methodological rigor across studies and expanding definitions of media exposure contribute to persistent gaps in the knowledge base.
Lecture #16 Notes

1 Concourse 18.03 – Lecture #16 In today’s lecture we continue the discussion of the Laplace Transform complete with several more calculations We’ll also solve some Initial Value Problems by applying the Laplace Transform directly. As we prepare for Convolution (sounds like a Great Awakening of sorts) we’ll also review the idea of ZSR + ZIR, i.e. constructing a solution to an Initial Value Problem by summing the Zero State Response and the Zero Input Response, a.k. a. Two Wrongs Make a Right (which is, of course, only true in this very isolated situation). Definition (again): The Laplace transform of a function ( ) f t is defined by 0 [ ( )] ( ) ( ) st f t F s e f t dt ∞ −
Toxic Influence of Diazinon as an Organophosphate Pesticide on Parameters of Dry Matter Degradability According to in Situ Technique

Many feed and forages are exposed to low, medium or high levels of organophosphorous (OP) pesticides. It is unclear whether these exposures (for example diazinon as an OP pesticide) impact dry matter degradability parameters. So, different levels (0, 0.7, 2.8 and 5.6 mg) of diazinon as an OP pesticide with different levels of calcium bentonite (CB) (0 and 100 mg) as a toxin binder were tested for their toxicological effects on in vitro dry matter disappearance. Also we investigated whether CB can inactivate the probably deleterious effects of contaminated forage with diazinon in the situ procedure or not. The study indicated that effect of diazinon with adding the different levels was significant (p<0.05) for the entire estimated parameters exception “a” fraction and dry matter degradability after 24 h incubation. Also effect of CB on entire estimated parameters for dry matter degradability was insignificant exception dry matter degradability after 48 h incubation. It seems toxicological effect of diazinon on slowly degradable fraction (b) and potentially degradable fraction (a+b) was highest than other estimated parameters and the most decreasing for these parameters was recorded at 5.6 mg of diazinon. Index Term-Diazinon, organophosphorus pesticides, degradability, dry matter.
Prognosis of Clinical Outcomes with Temporal Patterns and Experiences with One Class Feature Selection

Accurate prognosis of outcome events, such as clinical procedures or disease diagnosis, is central in medicine. The emergence of longitudinal clinical data, like the Electronic Health Records (EHR), represents an opportunity to develop automated methods for predicting patient outcomes. However, these data are highly dimensional and very sparse, complicating the application of predictive modeling techniques. Further, their temporal nature is not fully exploited by current methods, and temporal abstraction was recently used which results in symbolic time intervals representation. We present Maitreya, a framework for the prediction of outcome events that leverages these symbolic time intervals. Using Maitreya, learn predictive models based on the temporal patterns in the clinical records that are prognostic markers and use these markers to train predictive models for eight clinical procedures. In order to decrease the number of patterns that are used as features, we propose the use of three one class feature selection methods. We evaluate the performance of Maitreya under several parameter settings, including the one-class feature selection, and compare our results to that of atemporal approaches. In general, we found that the use of temporal patterns outperformed the atemporal methods, when representing the number of pattern occurrences.
Impedance measurement to assess epicardial fat prior to RF intraoperative cardiac ablation: a feasibility study using a computer model

Radiofrequency (RF) cardiac ablation is used to treat certain types of arrhythmias. In the epicardial approach, efficacy of RF ablation is uncertain due to the presence of epicardial adipose tissue interposed between the ablation electrode and the atrial wall. We planned a feasibility study based on a theoretical model in order to assess a new technique to estimate the quantity of fat by conducting bioimpedance measurements using a multi-electrode probe. The finite element method was used to solve the electrical problem. The results showed that the measured impedance profile coincided approximately with the epicardial fat profile measured under the probe electrodes and also that the thicker the epicardial fat, the higher the impedance values. When the lateral fat width was less than 4.5 mm, the impedance values altered, suggesting that measurements should always be conducted over a sizeable fat layer. We concluded that impedance measurement could be a practical method of assessing epicardial fat prior to RF intraoperative cardiac ablation, i.e. ‘to map’ the amount of adipose tissue under the probe.
Urinary excretion of 9α,11β-prostaglandin F2 and leukotriene E4 in patients with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

BACKGROUND Increased levels of mast cell-derived eicosanoids, such as prostaglandin (PG) D2 and cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), have been reported in patients with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), suggesting that mast cell activation is involved in the mechanism of EIB. However, it is still controversial since these results have not been reproduced in other studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PGD2 and LTE4 in adult asthma with EIB, as measuring urinary levels of their metabolites-9α,11β-PGF2 and LTE4 before and after an exercise challenge test. METHODS Eight patients with asthma and EIB and five normal controls without EIB were enrolled. Exercise challenge tests comprised of 6 min of treadmill exercise or free running were performed in all study subjects, and urine samples before and 1 h after the challenge were collected. Urinary levels of 9α,11β-PGF2 and LTE4 were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). RESULTS No significant differences were observed in 9α,11β-PGF2 and LTE4 levels before/after the exercise challenge between patients with EIB and normal controls. No significant increases in urinary levels of 9α,11β-PGF2 or LTE4 were detected during the exercise challenge in patients with EIB and normal controls. No significant correlations were observed between the percent decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) or percent changes in 9α,11β-PGF2 and LTE4 levels after the exercise challenge. CONCLUSIONS Urinary 9α,11β-PGF2 and LTE4 levels did not increase after an exercise challenge in patients with EIB, suggesting that urinary excretion of 9α,11β-PGF2 and LTE4 may not be a good marker of mast cell activation in patients with EIB.
Enabling rollback support in IT change management systems

The current research on IT change management has been exploring several aspects of this new discipline, but it usually assumes that changes expressed in requests for change (RFC) documents will be successfully executed over the managed IT infrastructure. This assumption, however, is not realistic in actual IT systems because failures during the execution of changes do happen and cannot be ignored. In order to address this issue, we propose a solution where tightly-related change activities are grouped together forming atomic groups of activities. These groups are atomic in the sense that if one activity fails, all other already executed activities of the same group must rollback to move the system backwards to the previous state. The automation of change rollback is especially convenient because it relieves the IT human operator of manually undoing the activities of a change group that has failed. To prove concept and technical feasibility, we have materialized our solution in a prototype system that, using elements of the business process execution language (BPEL), is able to control how atomic groups of activities must be handled in IT change management systems.