Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric stock price and liquidity responses to changes in the FTSE SmallCap index

We examine market reactions to changes in the FTSE SmallCap index membership, which are determined quarterly based on market capitalization and are free of information effects. Our main results are asymmetric price and liquidity responses between the firms that are shifted between FTSE indexes and the firms that are new to FTSE indexes. Firms promoted from a smaller-cap to a larger-cap FTSE index experience a permanent increase in stock price accompanied by improvements in liquidity. Similarly, firms demoted from a larger-cap to a smaller-cap FTSE index experience a permanent decrease in stock price accompanied by declines in liquidity. In contrast, firms added to the FTSE SmallCap index that were not previously in FTSE indexes show a transitory price gain and declines in liquidity. The results support the liquidity and price pressure hypotheses.
Goals, Symptoms, Signs, and Treatments Among Women With Pelvic Floor Disorders

Objective This study aimed to identify associations between patient-centered goals and pelvic floor measures and treatment choice. Methods A retrospective study of women seen for a pelvic floor disorder by a single surgeon in a specialty clinic from January 2008 to December 2009 was done. Goals were categorized as information-seeking, improving across any of 6 pelvic floor symptom categories, and “other. ” Pelvic floor symptom burden was determined using validated surveys. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and vaginal Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification points were assessed. Correlations of goals with symptom burden, HRQoL, and anatomic severity and surgical versus nonoperative care were determined. Results Ninety patients met inclusion criteria. The mean (SD) age was 56 (14) years, with 67% younger than 65 years; 23.3% of the patients reported a surgery treatment preference; 30.7% had at least 1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification point greater than or equal to 1 cm. A single goal was reported by 18% of patients with 28%, 37%, 14%, and 3.3% reporting 2, 3, 4, or 5 goals. Goals reflected symptom burden for bowel and bladder complaints, whereas a cosmetic goal seems to reflect both prolapse symptoms and impact as well as measurably altered anatomy. Goals related to sexual function reflected overall mental HRQoL but not symptoms or anatomy. Women with an activity-based goal preferred surgery but the low number of patients who chose surgery did allow statistical significance. Conclusions There are not always correlations between a patient’s therapeutic goals and subjective and objective assessments of the pelvic floor or treatment choice.
Recipient-Derived Neoangiogenesis of Arterioles and Lymphatics in Quilty Lesions of Cardiac Allografts

Background. The contribution of extracardiac cells to tissue turnover in heart allografts has recently been demonstrated. Complex subendocardial infiltrates, known as Quilty lesions, are frequently observed in cardiac allografts. The origin of the different cellular components of Quilty lesions is not known. Methods. Different constituents of these lymphonodular infiltrates were analyzed with regard to donor or recipient derivation. Laser-assisted microdissection with subsequent short tandem repeat polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based “genetic fingerprinting” was employed. Combined immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization for sex chromosomes was performed for confirmation in cases of gender-mismatched transplantation. Expression of angiogenic factors (FGF-2, PDGF-alpha, PDGF-alpha-receptor, and VEGF-alpha) was analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results. The inflammatory, nonvascular component of Quilty lesions was completely recipient-derived. Blood vessels were of mixed origin. Different compartments of blood vessels displayed different rates of recipient derivation (endothelium up to 50%, smooth muscle cells up to 15%). Lymphatic vessels were mainly recipient-derived. Of the angiogenic molecules, VEGF-alpha expression was significantly increased in the adjacent myocardium, compared to controls and the Quilty lesions themselves. Conclusions. The inflammatory compartment of Quilty lesions is of recipient origin and shows chimeric neoangiogenesis of blood and lymphatic vessels. VEGF-alpha produced in the adjacent myocardium appears to stimulate the chimeric neoangiogenesis.
Post‐compulsory education policy in Australia and its impact on participant pathways and outcomes in the 1990s

The substantial redefinition of youth and education policy in Australia over the past decade has been associated with an increased emphasis on university entrance and the adoption of a sequential model of pathways between the two worlds of study and work. Because these new policy settings have been in operation for sufficient time now to warrant examination of their effectiveness in terms of participant outcomes, this article examines them in the light of research findings from a major longitudinal study of young Australians who left school in 1991. Definite signs of incompatibility between policy and outcomes are identified with regard to non‐university study pathways, uncertain career prospects, and the assumed linear sequence between study and work. The analysis articulates a theoretical concern about the inappropriateness of the policy settings and leads into a re‐examination of the data with reference to a typology of ‘life patterns’ more compatible with young people's experience than the prevailing .
Surgical-Site Infections Following Cesarean Section in an Estonian University Hospital: Postdischarge Surveillance and analysis of Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate a multi-method approach to postdischarge surveillance of surgical-site infections (SSIs) and to identify infection rates and risk factors associated with SSI following cesarean section. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Academic tertiary-care obstetric and gynecology center with 54 beds. Patients: All women who delivered by cesarean section in Tartu University Women's Clinic during 2002. Methods: Infections were identified during hospital stay or by postdischarge survey using a combination of telephone calls, healthcare worker questionnaire, and outpatient medical records review. SSI was diagnosed according to the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Results: The multi-method approach gave a follow-up rate of 94.8%. Of 305 patients, 19 (6.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI95)], 3.8-9.6) had SSIs. Forty-two percent of these SSIs were detected during postdischarge surveillance. We found three variables associated with increased risk for developing SSI: internal fetal monitoring (odds ratio [OR], 16.6; CI95, 2.2-125.8; P = .007), chorioamnionitis (OR, 8.8; CI95, 1.1-69.6; P = .04), and surgical wound classes III and IV (OR, 3.8; CI95, 1.2-11.8; P=.02). Conclusions: The high response rate validated the effectiveness of this kind of surveillance method and was most suitable in current circumstances. A challenge exists to decrease the frequency of internal fetal monitoring and to treat chorioamnionitis as soon as possible (Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:449-454).
The Analysis of Seoul as an International Convention Destination

ABSTRACT The objective of the research is to determine important attributes in selecting international convention destinations and to evaluate how well Seoul performs in providing the important attributes. This study investigates the factors affecting the meeting planners' overall satisfaction level of Seoul, Korea, using a multiple regression analysis. A total of 75 foreign meeting planners participated in this research. Statistically significant determinants of the meeting planners' overall satisfaction levels were cost/service, facility/support, and accessibility. The results of the Importance-Performance analysis indicate that Seoul should improve the following attributes: convention and exhibition facilities, overpriced hotel room rate, ground transportation, management skills of staff, and friendliness and foreign language skills of local people.
A National Study of Neighborhood Safety, Outdoor Play, Television Viewing, and Obesity in Preschool Children

Objective. To test the hypothesis that preschool children have a higher prevalence of obesity, spend less time playing outdoors, and spend more time watching television (TV) when they live in neighborhoods that their mothers perceive as unsafe. Methods. In a cross-sectional survey in 20 large US cities, mothers reported the average daily time of outdoor play and TV viewing for their 3-year-old children, and the children's BMI was measured. Maternal perception of neighborhood safety was assessed with the Neighborhood Environment for Children Rating Scales; the scale score was used to divide children into tertiles of neighborhood safety. Results. Of the 3141 children studied, 35% lived in households with incomes below the US poverty threshold. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors (household income and mothers' education, race/ethnicity, age, and marital status), obesity prevalence (BMI ≥95th percentile) did not differ in children from the least safe to the safest neighborhood safety tertile (18% vs 17% vs 20%) or in weekday (160 vs 151 vs 156 minutes/day) or weekend (233 vs 222 vs 222 minutes/day) outdoor play time. Children who lived in neighborhoods that were perceived by their mothers as the least safe watched more TV (201 vs 182 vs 185 minutes/day) and were more likely to watch >2 hours/day (66% vs 60% vs 62%). TV viewing and outdoor play minutes were not significantly correlated to each other or to BMI. Conclusions. In a national sample of preschool children, mothers' perception of neighborhood safety was related to their children's TV viewing time but not to their outdoor play time or risk for obesity.
Genetics of Healthy Aging in Europe

Abstract: The aim of the 5‐year European Union (EU)‐Integrated Project GEnetics of Healthy Aging (GEHA), constituted by 25 partners (24 from Europe plus the Beijing Genomics Institute from China), is to identify genes involved in healthy aging and longevity, which allow individuals to survive to advanced old age in good cognitive and physical function and in the absence of major age‐related diseases. To achieve this aim a coherent, tightly integrated program of research that unites demographers, geriatricians, geneticists, genetic epidemiologists, molecular biologists, bioinfomaticians, and statisticians has been set up. The working plan is to: (a) collect DNA and information on the health status from an unprecedented number of long‐lived 90+ sibpairs (n= 2650) and of younger ethnically matched controls (n= 2650) from 11 European countries; (b) perform a genome‐wide linkage scannning in all the sibpairs (a total of 5300 individuals); this investigation will be followed by linkage disequilibrium mapping (LD mapping) of the candidate chromosomal regions; (c) study in cases (i.e., the 2650 probands of the sibpairs) and controls (2650 younger people), genomic regions (chromosome 4, D4S1564, chromosome 11, 11.p15.5) which were identified in previous studies as possible candidates to harbor longevity genes; (d) genotype all recruited subjects for apoE polymorphisms; and (e) genotype all recruited subjects for inherited as well as epigenetic variability of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The genetic analysis will be performed by 9 high‐throughput platforms, within the framework of centralized databases for phenotypic, genetic, and mtDNA data. Additional advanced approaches (bioinformatics, advanced statistics, mathematical modeling, functional genomics and proteomics, molecular biology, molecular genetics) are envisaged to identify the gene variant(s) of interest. The experimental design will also allow (a) to identify gender‐specific genes involved in healthy aging and longevity in women and men stratified for ethnic and geographic origin and apoE genotype; (b) to perform a longitudinal survival study to assess the impact of the identified genetic loci on 90+ people mortality; and (c) to develop mathematical and statistical models capable of combining genetic data with demographic characteristics, health status, socioeconomic factors, lifestyle habits.
SOME CONSIDERATIONS ON CLOUD ACCOUNTING

Cloud technologies have developed intensively during the last years. Cloud computing allows the customers to interact with their data and applications at any time, from any location, while the providers host these resources. A client company may choose to run in the cloud a part of its business (sales by agents, payroll, etc.), or even the entire business. The company can get access to a large category of cloud-based software, including accounting software. Cloud solutions are especially recommended for small companies that do not have enough financial resources to invest in the IT infrastructure and in expensive accounting software. However, a special attention is required in the case of sensitive data, which should not be placed in a public cloud. All these aspects need to be discussed with the students, who should acquire the qualifications needed for operating with cloud applications. Our paper considers all the above issues regarding cloud computing for accountants and suggests some possibilities to approach these topics with the students.
C2 and C2C12 murine skeletal myoblast models of atrophic and hypertrophic potential: Relevance to disease and ageing?

Reduced muscle mass and increased susceptibility to TNF‐induced degradation accompany inflamed ageing and chronic diseases. Furthermore, C2 myoblasts display diminished differentiation and increased susceptibility to TNF‐α‐induced cell death versus subcloned C2C12 cells, providing relevant models to assess: differentiation (creatine kinase), growth (protein), death (trypan‐blue) and anabolic/catabolic parameters (RT‐PCR) over 72 h ± TNF‐α (20 ng ml−1). At 48 and 72 h, respectively, larger myotubes and significantly higher CK activity (320.26 ± 6.82 vs. 30.71 ± 2.5, P < 0.05; 544.94 ± 27.7 vs. 39.4 ± 3.37 mU mg ml−1, P < 0.05), fold increases in myoD (21.45 ± 3.12 vs. 3.97 ± 1.76, P < 0.05; 31.07 ± 3.1 vs. 6.82 ± 1.93, P < 0.05) and myogenin mRNA (241.8 ± 40 vs. 36.80 ± 19.3, P < 0.05; 440 ± 100.5 vs. 201.1 ± 86, P < 0.05) were detected in C2C12 versus C2. C2C12 showed significant increases in IGF‐I mRNA (243.05 ± 3.87 vs. 105.75 ± 21.95, P < 0.05), reduced proliferation and significantly lower protein expression (1.21 ± 0.28 vs. 1.79 ± 0.29 mg ml−1, P < 0.05) at 72 h versus C2 cells. Significant temporal reductions in C2C12 IGFBP2 mRNA (28.02 ± 15.44, 13.82 ± 8.07, 6.92 ± 4.37, P < 0.05) contrasted increases in C2s (4.31 ± 3.31, 13.02 ± 9.92, 82.9 ± 58.9, P < 0.05) at 0, 48 and 72 h, respectively. TNF‐α increased cell death in C2s (2.67 ± 1.54%, 34.42 ± 5.39%, 29.71 ± 5.79% (0, 48, 72 h), P < 0.05), yet was without effect in C2C12s at 48 h but caused a small significant increase at 72 h (9.88 ± 4.02% (TNF‐α) vs. 6.17 ± 0.749% (DM), 72 h). TNF‐α and TNFRI mRNA were unchanged; however, larger reductions in IGF‐I (8.2‐ and 7.5‐fold vs. 4.5‐ and 4.1‐fold (48, 72 h)), IGF‐IR (2‐fold vs. no‐significant reduction (72 h)) and IGFBP5 (3.24 vs. 1.38 (48 h) and 2.21 vs. 1.71 (72 h), P < 0.05) mRNA were observed in C2 versus C2C12 with TNF‐α. This investigation provides insight into regulators of altered basal hypertrophy and TNF‐induced atrophy, providing a model for future investigation into therapeutic initiatives for ageing/wasting disorders. J. Cell. Physiol. 225: 240–250, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early Retirement and Economic Incentives: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment

During the 1990s, a new subsidized early retirement option was assigned quasi-randomly to two-thirds of Norwegian elderly workers. We use this 'natural experiment' to evaluate how economic incentives affect retirement behaviour. The new retirement option reduced employment substantially, and this effect escalated over time. It did not substitute for disability pension or long-term unemployment, and approximately two out of three retirees would have stayed employed without it. Subsidized retirement was primarily voluntary, but there is also some evidence that firms took advantage of the retirement programme to 'push out' excess workers.
Toward a telco cloud environment for service functions

Deploying service functions, SFs, is an essential action for a network provider. However, the action of creating, modifying and removing network SFs is traditionally very costly in time and effort, requiring the acquisition and placement of specialized hardware devices and their interconnection. Fortunately, the emergence of concepts like cloud computing, SDN, and ultimately NFV is expected to raise new possibilities for the management of SFs with a positive impact in terms of agility and cost. From a telco viewpoint these concepts can help to both reduce OPEX and open the door to new business opportunities. In this article, we identify how téleos can benefit from the abovementioned paradigms, and explore some of the aspects that still need to be addressed in the NFV domain. We focus on two major aspects: enabling telco infrastructures to adopt this new paradigm, and orchestrating and managing SFs toward telco-ready cloud infrastructures. The technologies we describe enable a telco to deploy and manage SFs in a distributed cloud infrastructure. In this context, the Cloud4NFV platform is presented. Special attention is given to the way SFs are modeled toward cloud infrastructure resources. In addition, we explore the ability to perform service function chaining as one of the fundamental features in the composition of SFs. Finally, we describe a proof of concept that demonstrates how a telco can benefit from the described technologies.
Highlights in migraine electrophysiology: are controversies just reflecting disease heterogeneity?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW In migraine, the brain is 'hyperresponsive', which refers to a deficit of habituation to repeated sensory stimuli between attacks. This deficit normalizes in peri-ictal and ictal phases. A decreased cortical preactivation of thalamo-cortical origin and an impaired intracortical inhibition are probably involved in its pathophysiology. RECENT FINDINGS The reality of a habituation deficit of visual evoked potentials, a neurophysiological 'hallmark' of interictal migraine, has been questioned. Blinding may be an issue, but some genetic, environmental, or behavioural differences could also exist between populations. A habituation deficit is found interictally in other sensory modalities, and strongly depends on the time of the recordings within the migraine cycle. An impaired thalamocortical drive is demonstrated in interictal phase, and normalizes in ictal phase as well as in chronic migraine, where a strength enhancement of primary cortical activation is observed. An interictal dysexcitability, of subcortical or primary cortical origin, is suggested by magnetic stimulation. These phenomena could occur in varying degrees depending on patients and on the migraine cycle, and account for the heterogeneity of electrophysiological results. SUMMARY Finding a reliable electrophysiological biomarker for such a multifaceted and cycling disease as migraine is still a challenge. A better standardization of protocols would be worthwhile.
Risk factors for stereotypic behavior and self‐biting in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): Animal's history, current environment, and personality

Captive rhesus macaques sometimes exhibit undesirable abnormal behaviors, such as motor stereotypic behavior (MSB) and self‐abuse. Many risk factors for these behaviors have been identified but the list is far from comprehensive, and large individual differences in rate of behavior expression remain. The goal of the current study was to determine which experiences predict expression of MSB and self‐biting, and if individual differences in personality can account for additional variation in MSB expression. A risk factor analysis was performed utilizing data from over 4,000 rhesus monkeys at the California National Primate Research Center. Data were analyzed using model selection, with the best fitting models evaluated using Akaike Information Criterion. Results confirmed previous research that males exhibit more MSB and self‐biting than females, MSB decreases with age, and indoor reared animals exhibit more MSB and self‐biting than outdoor reared animals. Additionally, results indicated that animals exhibited less MSB and self‐biting for each year spent outdoors; frequency of room moves and number of projects positively predicted MSB; pair separations positively predicted MSB and self‐biting; pair housed animals expressed less MSB than single housed and grate paired animals; and that animals expressed more MSB and self‐biting when in bottom rack cages, or cages near the room entrance. Based on these results we recommend limiting exposure to these risk factors when possible. Our results also demonstrated a relationship between personality and MSB expression, with animals low on gentle temperament, active in response to a human intruder, and high on novel object contact expressing more MSB. From these results we propose that an animal's MSB is related to its predisposition for an active personality, with active animals expressing higher rates of MSB. Am. J. Primatol. 75:995–1008, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Advanced coronary artery calcification and cerebral small vessel diseases in the healthy elderly.

BACKGROUND Coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores are widely accepted to predict risk of coronary heart diseases and are associated with atherosclerosis in other vasculatures. Cerebral small vessel diseases (SVDs), including white matter lesions (WML), silent lacunar infarction (SLI) and cerebral microbleeds (CMB), are considered to develop in conjunction with pro-atherogenic conditions, measured by CAC scores. METHODS AND RESULTS Of 672 individuals aged ≥65 years that underwent health screening, 312 subjects with brain magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) were enrolled in this study. The distribution of baseline characteristics among individuals with or without MRIs was not different. Clinical and laboratory information was collected and CAC scores were measured using multi-detector computed tomography. Cerebral SVD were independently assessed by 2 raters who were unaware of the CAC scores. The prevalence of CAC (CAC>0) was 71.7% in men and 50.0% in women. The associations between moderate-to-extensive CAC (CAC score ≥100) and WML (adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, 4.99 and 1.33-18.73), SLI (5.04 and 1.86-13.63) and CMB (6.07 and 1.54-23.94) remained significant after adjusting for relevant confounders. CONCLUSIONS This study documents significant associations between CAC and cerebral SVDs. The findings suggest that SVDs in the brain and CAC in the heart may develop under similar systemic pathogenic processes.
Exploring the internationalisation prospects of a Chinese domestic hotel firm

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of the internationalisation prospects of Chinese domestic hotel firms.Design/methodology/approach – This study examined the Jin Jiang Hotel Group, China's largest domestic hotel firm. The qualitative method of semi‐structured personal interviews was selected in the design of this exploratory study to address the research question: What are the factors guiding Jin Jiang's considerations for internationalisation? Personal interviews were conducted with the senior corporate headquarters' management in Shanghai.Findings – The findings indicate that the firm is in a stage of pre‐internationalisation in its organisational development, and has adopted a cautious and passive approach on its path towards internationalisation. This paper identifies company abilities, government support, marketing and brand strategy, network and management standards, state‐owned enterprise (SOE) related problems, human resources and other external opportunities/chall.