Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Announcement Timing on the Informativeness of Earnings and Dividends

We relate the informativeness of earnings and dividend announcements to their timing relative to the fiscal quarter end to which the earnings pertain. Evidence is provided that the information content of earnings decreases as the timing of its announcement relative to the fiscal quarter end increases, and that such information erosion is more pronounced for smaller firms. Evidence is also provided that the information content of dividend announcements increases as its timing relative to the fiscal quarter end increases, and that such information enhancement is relatively more pronounced for larger firms. The results suggest that preannouncement information precision and announced information precision have offsetting effects on the informativeness of financial information, and that the nature of the offset depends on the type of information and firm size. More specifically, the predisclosure information effect is more pronounced for earnings and small firms, whereas the announced (new) information effect is more pronounced for dividends and large firms.
Panel Tests of Okun's Law for Ten Industrial Countries

Okun's Law is one of the most enduring stylistic facts in macroeconomics. This article uses new developments in trend/cycle decomposition to test Okun's Law for a panel of ten industrial countries, finding that Okun's original estimate for the U.S. of three points of real GDP growth for each one percent reduction in the unemployment rate now averages just under two points of real GDP growth for the sample countries. Pooled estimates for Europe are smaller than estimates for the rest of the sample. Also, this article finds that omission of capital and labor inputs may have biased previous estimates. Copyright 2001 by Oxford University Press.
Autonomous Relay for Millimeter-Wave Wireless Communications

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is the rising technology for next-generation wireless transmission. Benefited by its abundant bandwidth and short wavelength, mmWave is advanced in multi-gigabit transmittability and beamforming. In contrast, the short wavelength also makes mmWave easily blocked by obstacles. In order to bypass these obstacles, relays are widely needed in mmWave communications. Unmanned autonomous vehicles (UAVs), such as drones and self-driving robots, enable the mobile relays in real applications. Nevertheless, it is challenging for a UAV to find its optimal relay location automatically. On the one hand, it is difficult to find the location accurately due to the complex and dynamic wireless environment; on the other hand, most applications require the relay to forward data immediately, so the autonomous process should be fast. To tackle this challenge, we propose a novel method AutoRelay specialized for mmWave communications. In AutoRelay, the UAV samples the link qualities of mmWave beams while moving. Based on the real-time sampling, the UAV gradually adjusts its path to approach the optimal location by leveraging compressive sensing theory to estimate the link qualities in candidate space, which increases the accuracy and save the time. Performance results demonstrate that AutoRelay outperforms existing methods in achieving an accurate and efficient relay strategy.
Tumor Budding Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective. Despite the enormous advances in diagnostic and management modalities of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the mortality rates have remained stagnant with a 5-year survival rate of <50% challenging the available methods of prognostic assessment. Presence of tumor budding has been associated with aggressive behavior and is correlated with lymph node metastasis, recurrence, distant metastasis, and decreased survival in several cancers. However, the prognostic significance of this apparently simple to evaluate parameter is sparse in OSCC. Methods. A total of 75 cases of surgically excised OSCC were analyzed for tumor budding along with other clinicopathologic parameters. Tumor budding was graded as high and low intensity based on presence and absence of ≥10 or <10 budding foci in hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections. An association between the clinicopathological parameters, lymph node metastases with the budding index was examined using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results. Tumor budding was evident in 89% of cases with around 45.3% of the cases demonstrated high-intensity budding. High-intensity tumor budding was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that tumor budding and depth of invasion were significant independent predictors for lymph node metastasis. Conclusion. Tumor budding is frequently encountered histologic marker in OSCC. High-intensity tumor budding is a strong independent prognostic factor for prediction of lymph node metastasis.
The Time Lag in Annual Household-Based Income Measures: Assessing and Correcting the Bias

Annual income data are typically provided with a time lag. This article reviews several ways of dealing with this time lag in the construction of annual household-based income measures for individual economic well-being. It also proposes an alternative method that yields better estimates for equivalized household income, especially in the case of household composition change. Next, the two most commonly applied income measures are compared to this alternative measure with empirical income data from the European Community Household Panel. This comparison reveals that ignoring the time lag and household changes leads to substantial bias in income and poverty estimates and to erroneous conclusions about the determinants of poverty entry. The evidence in this article will be useful to researchers who want to make a well-informed choice between different annual income measures.
SlY1, the first active gene cloned from a plant Y chromosome, encodes a WD‐repeat protein

Unlike the majority of flowering plants, which possess hermaphrodite flowers, white campion (Silene latifolia) is dioecious and has flowers of two different sexes. The sex is determined by the combination of heteromorphic sex chromosomes: XX in females and XY in males. The Y chromosome of S.latifolia was microdissected to generate a Y‐specific probe which was used to screen a young male flower cDNA library. We identified five genes which represent the first active genes to be cloned from a plant Y chromosome. Here we report a detailed analysis of one of these genes, SlY1 (S.latifolia Y‐gene 1). SlY1 is expressed predominantly in male flowers. A closely related gene, SlX1, is predicted to be located on the X chromosome and is strongly expressed in both male and female flowers. SlY1 and SlX1 encode almost identical proteins containing WD repeats. Immunolocalization experiments showed that these proteins are localized in the nucleus, and that they are most abundant in cells that are actively dividing or beginning to differentiate. Interestingly, they do not accumulate in arrested sexual organs and represent potential targets for sex determination genes. These genes will permit investigation of the origin and evolution of sex chromosomes in plants.
Applying microsoft kinect for windows to develop a Stroke Rehabilitation System

This study develops a Stroke Rehabilitation System for stroke patients. Patients can stay at home to use this system. The design of this system is based on WHO ICF concept to develop the system and included Barthel scale for patient's evaluation. The programs design by Microsoft C# programming language to control Microsoft Kinect System. The results demonstrate that our system can easy to implement in patient's home. We collect patient's daily rehabilitation data and record it to the database. The data can be statistically analyze and drop a bar chart for visually watch. The results can upload to local hospital Medical Cloud for doctor's reference. We also demonstrate the system and provide sample code for reference.
Risk taking and the triarchic model of psychopathy

ABSTRACT Introduction: High risk behaviors, such as aggression, criminality, sexual promiscuity, drug use, and gambling, are often associated with psychopathic traits. Such behaviors might arise due to a lack of fear of the consequences (boldness) or due to impulsive actions (disinhibition). We examined risk taking behavior in the laboratory setting using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), where an individual can inflate a balloon to earn a reward, but will lose this accumulated reward if the balloon bursts. The task reflects the willingness to take risks under conditions where the risk-taking behavior is understood and is made clear to the individual. Method: BART performance was measured in a mixed community and offender sample, and psychopathy was characterized via the triarchic conceptualization of psychopathy, which proposes that psychopathy is a combination of boldness, meanness, and disinhibition. Results: Total psychopathy score was correlated with greater risk taking on the BART, and this effect was mainly due to the Boldness scale rather than the Meanness or Disinhibition scales. These relationships were not moderated by the nature of the sample (offender vs. community) or by gender. Conclusions: Individuals with high psychopathy scores appear more willing to take risks on this simple laboratory task, and this behavior appears due to boldness rather than being related to an impulsive disposition.
Applications of augmented reality for human-robot communication

The director/agent (D/A) metaphor of telerobotic interaction is discussed as a potential means for achieving human-robot synergy. In order for the human operator to communicate spatial information to the robot during D/A operations, the medium of augmented reality through overlaid virtual stereographics is proposed, leading to what is referred to as virtual control. An overview is given of the ARGOS (Augmented Reality through Graphic Overlays on Stereovideo) system. In particular, the uses of overlaid virtual pointers for enhancing absolute depth judgement tasks, virtual tape measures for real-world quantification, virtual tethers for perceptual enhancement in manual teleoperation, virtual landmarks for enhancing depth scaling, and virtual object overlays for on-object edge enhancement and display superposition are all presented and discussed.
Valuing the refurbishment cycle

This paper presents a simple method to assess the value of a commercial property, considering the cost and timing of refurbishment. It is constructed on the understanding that net rental income tends to decrease as the property ages, while maintenance cost increases with time. As a result, there is a desirable duration of successive leases, at the end of which refurbishment can take place. A suitable choice of this duration could give a higher value to the property. By assessing the value of a property over one refurbishment cycle, values for similar successive cycles can be capitalised. This approach is equivalent to finding the annual equivalent of the discounted cash flow over one cycle, and then capitalising it as if it is a constant income to perpetuity.
A Cautionary Note on the Pricing of Ethics

Ethical or socially responsible investing (SRI) has become a popular feature of modern portfolio management. This cautionary note evaluates SRI under different assumptions regarding market efficiency and ethical preferences. SRI appears to be difficult to combine with active investment strategies, as an informationally inefficient market may give rise to ethical illusions. The most consistent way to implement SRI seems to be to hold a market portfolio based on an ethical subset of the investment universe.
Improved antioxidant activity of BKOS Thai jasmine rice

Thai jasmine rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML105) is highly valued due to its subtle aroma, robust seed characteristics and high nutritional quality. Low-energy ion-beam bombardment was chosen to improve the quality of jasmine rice by mutation induction. One mutated variety, named BKOS, was found to exhibit a deep purple colour due to an increased accumulation of anthocyanin. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activities of cooked and uncooked rice extracts were compared with KDML105, BKOS and other rice mutants created by a low-energy ion beam. The BKOS extracts showed the highest total phenol content (0.140 and 0.096 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g−1 dry extract from uncooked and cooked rice, respectively). The BKOS extracts also had improved antioxidant activities, determined using three standard methods: 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, ABTS radical cation (ABTS•+) decolourisation and ferric-reducing antioxidant power assays. BKOS extracts showed 2–2.5-fold increased levels for each method. Interestingly, there was no significant difference between the antioxidant activities of the cooked and uncooked BKOS rice extracts. The increased quantity of antioxidants in this anthocyanin-based natural product could allow antioxidants to be consumed by a wider population than what is currently possible.
Document Parsing: Towards Realistic Syntactic Analysis

In this work we take a view of syntactic analysis as processing ‘raw’, running text instead of idealised, pre-segmented inputs—a task we dub document parsing . We observe the state of the art in sentence boundary detection and to-kenisation, and their effects on syntactic parsing (for English), observing that common evaluation metrics are ill-suited for the comparison of an ‘end-to-end’ syntactic analysis pipeline. To provide a more informative assessment of performance levels and error propagation throughout the full pipeline, we propose a uniﬁed evaluation framework and gauge document parsing accuracies for common processors and data sets.
Measuring and maximizing coverage in the World Trade Center Health Registry

The World Trade Center Health Registry (WTCHR) is a database for following people who were exposed to the disaster of 11 September 2001. Hundreds of thousands of people were exposed to the immense cloud of dust and debris, the indoor dust, the fumes from persistent fires, and the mental trauma of the terrorist attacks on the WTC on 9/11. The purpose of the WTCHR is to evaluate the potential short‐ and long‐term physical and mental health effects of the disaster. The definitions of the exposed groups are broad and defined based on an understanding of which groups had the highest exposures to the WTC disaster and its aftermath. The four exposure groups include rescue and recovery workers, residents, students and school staff, and building occupants and passersby in Lower Manhattan.
Extending the boundary of corporate innovation

The corporate boundaries that matter today are the boundaries that define and contain the corporation’s innovation searches. This article examines how innovation can be extended outside the traditional corporate boundary. After identifying several factors that are driving extended innovation ‐‐ and, in so doing, changing the value‐creating nature of the firm ‐‐ the authors present extended innovation strategies for companies in either mature industries (where the industry structure is established( or emerging opportunity spaces (where the competitive structure and industry dynamics have yet to crystallize). In mature industries such as retail, new ideas are most likely to be found in the “white spaces” between companies. Companies should pursue these opportunities through cross‐company alliances that recombine assets and competencies. In emerging spaces such as biotechnology, where the locations of opportunities are unknown, companies should pursue explorative collaborations that emphasize low‐cost probing and learning.
Pricing Standardized Mortality Securitizations: A Two‐Population Model with Transitory Jump Effects

Mortality dynamics are subject to jumps that are due to events such as wars and pandemics. Such jumps can have a significant impact on prices of securities that are designed for hedging catastrophic mortality risk, and therefore should be taken into account in modeling. Although several single‐population mortality models with jump effects have been developed, they are not adequate for modeling trades in which the hedger's population is different from the population associated with the security being traded. In this article, we first develop a two‐population mortality model with transitory jump effects, and then we use the proposed model and an economic‐pricing framework to examine how mortality jumps may affect the supply and demand of mortality‐linked securities.
Is Good Work Good for Democracy? Work, Change at Work and Political Participation in Canada and England

This article draws on data from 750 Canadian and 450 English workers to systematically explore the implications of work for political participation, addressing whether 'good' work, and recent trends identified in work and employment, appear to be good for political participation. It finds that various aspects of work and of the work experience, many of which have been associated with recent trends, can have significant implications. However, these implications tend to differ for 'passive' and 'active' forms of participation and to be weak for the former. Moreover, characteristics that might be associated with 'good' work have negative as well as positive spillovers, suggesting contradictory effects and reducing the net positive effects of good jobs. Finally, there is some (albeit limited) evidence of cross-national differences, especially with regard to the implications of union representation. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd/London School of Economics 2007.
Re-examining the Buffer-Stock Model of Money

This paper critically examines recent papers in the buffer stock or supply side disequilibrium models of money. The paper first investigates the assumptions at the m icroeconomic level and concludes that even with these assumptions, aggregate behavior does not necessarily follow buffer-stock models in which excess cash balances are held involuntarily. In a simple model with uncertain cash flows, it is shown that in the aggregate short-run involuntary cash holdings are negligible. If the buffer-stock story is applicable, it is to a broader definition of money than used in most empirical work. The second part of the paper examines empirical work and argues that the buffer-stock idea cannot be implemented using single equation techniques, and that when viewed appropriately, current empirical result s refute the buffer-stock idea as it is currently modeled. Copyright 1987 by Royal Economic Society.
Toward Monopolistic Competition in U.S. Local Television News

This article analyzes the market structure of large, medium, and small market stations by looking at changes in market shares and number of competitors. By analyzing specific factors that affect conduct variables of local television news, a change in market structure from oligopolistic to monopolistic competition can be predicted. Three factors were used as independent variables framing the discussion: number of sellers within the industry, degree of similarity of market shares, and degree of product differentiation. Findings suggest that in smaller markets only the most financially secure, number-one-rated stations will risk adding more time for news to their programming. However, in top 10 markets, where the financial stakes are higher, trailing stations compete by increasing their news presence throughout the day. Overall, the number of television news competitors has increased, whereas shares have decreased, indicating the beginnings of a shift from oligopolistic to monopolistic competition.
Total Factor Productivity and Economic Growth in Indonesia

This paper revisits the discussion about the contribution of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth to Indonesia’s economic growth during 1970-2007. It re-estimates the contribution of TFP to economic growth during this period on the basis of new estimates of GDP, capital stock, education-adjusted employment, and factor income shares. After accounting for the growth of capital stock and education-adjusted employment, the residual TFP growth was on average -0.2% per year during 1971- 2007. Capital stock growth and education-augmented employment growth explained 70% and 34%, respectively, and TFP growth -4%. Only during 2000-07 was TFP growth 1.7% per year, explaining 33% of GDP growth. The paper doubts that these results imply that the Indonesian economy did not experience the impact of technological change, as much of it may be embodied in the capital stock estimates.
Illusory Motions Induced by Rapid Displacements of the Observer

Some illusory effects of movement are described that are easily observable when the subject is in rapid locomotion (driving a car or travelling on a train) and gazes fixedly at a particular point of the scene. These effects are essentially characterized by deformations and displacements of parts of the environment. It is suggested that the phenomenon responsible for them is the loss of size and position constancy, respectively. Experimental evidence indirectly validates this hypothesis, and a program of studies is now under way to further corroborate it.
Escape of herpesviruses from the nucleus

The nuclear envelope of eukaryotic cells is composed of double lipid‐bilayer membranes, the membrane‐connected nuclear pore complexes and an underlying nuclear lamina network. The nuclear pore complexes serve as gates for regulating the transport of macromolecules between cytoplasm and nucleus. The nuclear lamina not only provides an intact meshwork for maintaining the nuclear stiffness but also presents a natural barrier against most DNA viruses. Herpesviruses are large DNA viruses associated with multiple human and animal diseases. The complex herpesviral virion contains more than 30 viral proteins. After viral DNA replication, the newly synthesised genome is packaged into the pre‐assembled intranuclear capsid. The nucleocapsid must then transverse through the nuclear envelope to the cytoplasm for the subsequent maturation process. Information regarding how nucleocapsid breaches the rigid nuclear lamina barrier and accesses the inner nuclear membrane for primary envelopment has emerged recently. From the point of view of both viral components and nuclear structure, this review summarises recent advances in the complicated protein–protein interactions and the phosphorylation regulations involved in the nuclear egress of herpesviral nucleocapsids. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Impact of Political Factors on Local Government Decentralisation

ABSTRACT The process of local decentralisation of public services delivery has attracted research attention because of the wide range of factors that induce governments to make this decision. Nonetheless, most such studies have focused on economic and financial aspects, ignoring the impact of political factors. The scarce previous research about political factors is the motivation for this study. We used panel data models based on 153 Spanish municipalities with populations over 50,000 for the period 1999–2007. The process of decentralisation is disaggregated according to the legal form of the entities: corporations and foundations. Our results show that more corporatisation processes are carried out in environments where political competition is lower and the party in power enjoyed greater support in the last elections. Additionally, decentralisation processes usually take place in the years immediately following elections, especially through foundations. Furthermore, both forms of decentralisation are m.