Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new statistical wideband spatio-temporal channel model for 5-GHz band WLAN systems

In this paper, a new statistical wideband indoor channel model which incorporates both the clustering of multipath components (MPCs) and the correlation between the spatial and temporal domains is proposed. The model is derived based on measurement data collected at a carrier frequency of 5.2 GHz in three different indoor scenarios and is suitable for performance analysis of HIPERLAN/2 and IEEE 802.11a systems that employ smart antenna architectures. MPC parameters are estimated using the super-resolution frequency domain space-alternating generalized expectation maximization (FD-SAGE) algorithm and clusters are identified in the spatio-temporal domain by a nonparametric density estimation procedure. The description of the clustering observed within the channel relies on two classes of parameters, namely, intercluster and intracluster parameters which characterize the cluster and MPC, respectively. All parameters are described by a set of empirical probability density functions (pdfs) derived from the measured data. The correlation properties are incorporated in two joint pdfs for cluster and MPC positions, respectively. The clustering effect also gives rise to two classes of channel power density spectra (PDS)-intercluster and intracluster PDS-which are shown to exhibit exponential and Laplacian functions in the delay and angular domains, respectively. Finally, the model validity is confirmed by comparison with two existing models reported in the literature.
Anticoagulation for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer.

BACKGROUND Compared to patients without cancer, patients with cancer receiving anticoagulant treatment for venous thromboembolism are more likely to develop recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE). OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy and safety of three types of anticoagulants (i.e. low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), unfractionated heparin (UFH), and fondaparinux) for the initial treatment of VTE in patients with cancer. SEARCH STRATEGY A comprehensive search for studies of anticoagulation in cancer patients including a January 2007 electronic search of : Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE and ISI the Web of Science. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing LMWH, UFH, and fondaparinux in patients with cancer and objectively confirmed VTE. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Using a standardized data form data was extracted in duplicate on methodological quality, participants, interventions and outcomes of interest that included all cause mortality, recurrent VTE, major bleeding, minor bleeding, thrombocytopenia and postphlebitic syndrome. MAIN RESULTS Of 3986 identified citations, 26 RCTs including cancer patients as subgroups fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Cancer subgroup data was obtained for 15 of the 26 RCTs. Thirteen studies compared a LMWH to UFH while one study compared fondaparinux to UFH and one study compared dalteparin to tinzaparin. Meta-analysis of 11 studies showed a statistically significant mortality reduction in patients treated with LMWH compared with those treated with UFH (Relative risk (RR) = 0.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52 to 0.98). There was little change in the results after excluding studies of lower methodological quality (RR = 0.72; 95% CI 0.52 to 1.00). A meta-analysis of three studies comparing LMWH with UFH in reducing recurrent VTE was inconclusive (RR = 0.78; 95% CI 0.29 to 2.08). No data was available for bleeding outcomes, thrombocytopenia or postphlebitic syndrome. Compared to UFH, fondaparinux showed a non-statistically significant benefit for the outcome of death (RR = 0.52; 95% CI 0.26 to 1.05). The one study comparing dalteparin to tinzaparin showed a non-statistically significant mortality reduction with dalteparin (RR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.43 to 1.73). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on the included trials, LMWH is likely to be superior to UFH in the initial treatment of VTE in patients with cancer. However, there is a need for more trials to better address this research question in cancer patients. Moreover, researchers should consider making the raw data of RCTs available for individual patient data meta-analyses.
Right-invariant Sobolev metrics of fractional order on the diffeomorphism group of the circle

In this paper, we study the geodesic flow of a right-invariant metric induced by a general Fourier multiplier on the diffeomorphism group of the circle and on some of its homogeneous spaces. This study covers in particular right-invariant metrics induced by Sobolev norms of fractional order. We show that, under a certain condition on the symbol of the inertia operator (which is satisfied for the fractional Sobolev norm $H^{s}$ for $s \ge 1/2$), the corresponding initial value problem is well-posed in the smooth category and that the Riemannian exponential map is a smooth local diffeomorphism. Paradigmatic examples of our general setting cover, besides all traditional Euler equations induced by a local inertia operator, the Constantin-Lax-Majda equation, and the Euler-Weil-Petersson equation.
Advanced solar cells for satellite power systems

The multiple natures of today's space missions with regard to operational lifetime, orbital environment, cost and size of spacecraft, to name just a few, present such a broad range of performance requirements to be met by the solar array that no single design can suffice to meet them all. The result is a demand for development of specialized solar cell types that help to optimize overall satellite performance within a specified cost range for any given space mission. Historically, space solar array performance has been optimized for a given mission by tailoring the features of silicon solar cells to account for the orbital environment and average operating conditions expected during the mission. It has become necessary to turn to entirely new photovoltaic materials and device designs to meet the requirements of future missions, both in the near and far term. This paper will outline some of the mission drivers and resulting performance requirements that must be met by advanced solar cells, and provide an overview of some of the advanced cell technologies under development to meet them. The discussion will include high efficiency, radiation hard single junction cells; monolithic and mechanically stacked multiple bandgap cells; and thin film cells.
Development and comparison of residual stress measurement on welds by various methods

Abstract Residual stress constitutes an integral part of the total stress acting on any component in service. It is imperative to determine residual stress to estimate the life of critical engineering components, especially those that are welded. The stresses caused by non-uniform temperature distribution due to welding and the effect of these multiaxial stresses upon service performance are discussed. A controlled thermal severity test (CTS) was performed on mild steel plates bolted together, with anchor welds deposited on opposite sides. After cooling, bithermal and trithermal test welds were deposited one after the other. Varying welding stresses were deliberately introduced by using different thicknesses of both plates to change the thermal severity numbers (TSN). The main experimental technique used here to determine the magnitude and nature of residual stress is based on X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was utilised to develop and standardise other techniques. The XRD method is based on the peak shiftin the diffraction profile due to the presence of stress using a sin2 ψ method. The peak shift is determined by orienting the sample at different angles ± ψ to the incident X-ray beam. The semidestructive technique of hole drilling and use of a strain gauge was also employed to determine residual stress in CTS specimens. The magnitude, nature, and direction of principal stresses were determined by relieving stresses through incremental blind hole drilling and measuring strain values at each step. The surface displacements arising due to hole drilling can also be determined by laser holography. A sandwich holography technique was developed to avoid unwanted rigid body motions of samples due to hole drilling when relieving stresses. Stress values were obtained by measuring fringe displacement between two exposures of a sandwich hologram, due to hole drilling. Results on the change in residual stress values with TSN are discussed. The residual stress values determined by XRD and sandwich holography were found to be comparable, and stress values obtained by hole drilling/strain gauge measurement were higher than these values. The reasons are discussed.
Andrology: Transrectal electroejaculation in combination with in-vitro fertilization: an effective treatment of anejaculatory infertility after testicular cancer

Treatment of non-seminomatous testicular cancer often leads to infertility due to anejaculation/retrograde ejaculation and poor sperm quality. In these men spermatozoa may be obtained by transrectal electroejaculation (TE), but the optimal strategy for assisted procreation in these couples is not known. Our aim was to examine whether TE and conventional in-vitro fertilization (IVF) would be successful. A total of 10 couples, with long-standing infertility due to anejaculation or retrograde ejaculation after treatment for testicular cancer 5-14 years earlier, were referred to our unit. All men underwent diagnostic TE under general anaesthesia. Spermatozoa were recovered in nine cases. The antegrade fraction was prepared and used for IVF. Sperm quality was variable and conventional IVF was considered impossible in three cases. Altogether six IVF treatment cycles in six couples resulted in five pregnancies, of which four resulted in a delivery and one resulted in a spontaneous abortion. One additional pregnancy is ongoing after transfer of cryopreserved embryos. The fertilization rate was 54% (33/61) and the cleavage rate was 97% (32/33). No complications relating to the procedure have been encountered.
Career Management in Non-Hierarchically Structured Organizations

This article deals with career development processes in Oticon, a Danish high technology company with approx. 3,500 employees of which 1,300 bare located in Denmark. The company produces hearing aids and hearing care and is one of the world market leaders. The headquarters and production facilities are located in Denmark, whereas sales offices are found in most parts of the world. Oticon is part of The William Demant Holding Group of international companies which develops, manufactures and sells innovative and high-technology solutions incorporating microelectronics, micro-mechanics, wireless technology, software and audiology. The Group operates in a global market. Its core business is hearing aids.
Applying Pulse Width Modulation in Body Coupled Communication

We study the application of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique in Body Coupled Communication. The term Body Coupled Communication is used in order to specify that the human body or a part of it, such as an arm, is used as a path that transfers digital information. The digital information is either generated due to coupling of the body, for example, in medical equipment as a result of a measurement, or generated by external circuitry attached somewhere onto the body and is transferred to a terminal by touching it. In this paper, the latter case will be described, where, for illustration purposes, the touch of the human hand on a doorknob triggers the unlocking mechanism.
Effect of chorioamnionitis on brain development and injury in premature newborns

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A statistical approach to persistent homology

Assume that a finite set of points is randomly sampled from a subspace of a metric space. Recent advances in computational topology have provided several approaches to recovering the geometric and topological properties of the underlying space. In this paper we take a statistical approach to this problem. We assume that the data is randomly sampled from an unknown probability distribution. We define two filtered complexes with which we can calculate the persistent homology of a probability distribution. Using statistical estimators for samples from certain families of distributions, we show that we can recover the persistent homology of the underlying distribution.
Demo abstract: Personal building controls

Buildings are some of the largest energy consumers in the world and yet occupants are regularly dissatisfied with the interior environment in large part due to thermal discomfort [7]. Studies show that given personal control over their environment, occupants are comfortable in a much larger range of ambient temperatures [2]. We present a personalized control smartphone application designed with the dual goals of increasing occupant comfort and achieving building-wide energy savings. The application allows occupants to directly control the lighting and heating/cooling in their vicinity. Using wireless localization combined with data from existing sensors in the building, we estimate room occupancy and use this to dynamically adjust ventilation and air conditioning to save energy in the building.
Why do Unemployment Bene fi ts Raise Unemployment Durations ? Moral Hazard vs .

It is well known that unemployment benefits raise unemployment durations. This result has traditionally been interpreted as a substitution effect caused by a distortion in the price of leisure relative to consumption, leading to moral hazard. This paper questions this interpretation by showing that unemployment benefits can also affect durations through an income effect for agents with limited liquidity. The empirical relevance of liquidity constraints and income effects is evaluated in two ways. First, I divide households into groups that are likely to be constrained and unconstrained based on proxies such as asset holdings. I find that increases in unemployment benefits have small effects on durations in the unconstrained groups but large effects in the constrained groups. Second, I find that lump-sum severance payments granted at the time of job loss significantly increase durations among constrained households. These results suggest that unemployment benefits raise durations primarily because of an income effect induced by liquidity constraints rather than moral hazard from distorted incentives.
Conservation of a gene conversion mechanism in two distantly related paralogues of Anaplasma marginale

Anaplasmataceae, the causative agents of anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis, persist in the bloodstream of their mammalian hosts, allowing acquisition and transmission by tick vectors. Anaplasma marginale establishes persistent infection characterized by sequential cycles of rickettsaemia in which new antigenic variants emerge. The two most immunodominant outer membrane proteins, MSP2 and MSP3, are paralogues, each encoded by a distinct family of related genes. This study demonstrates that, although the two gene families have diverged substantially, each has maintained a similar mechanism to generate structurally and antigenically polymorphic surface antigens. Like MSP2, MSP3 is expressed from a single locus in which variation of the expressed msp3 gene is generated by recombination using msp3 pseudogenes. Each of the msp3 pseudogenes encodes a unique central variable region (CVR) flanked by conserved 5′ and 3′ regions. Changes in the CVR of the expressed msp3, concomitant with invariance of the pseudogenes, indicate that expression site variation is generated using gene conversion. A. marginale thus maintains two large, separate systems within its small genome to generate antigenic variation of its surface proteins, while analogous structural elements indicate a common mechanism.
A novel transition from microstrip to a substrate integrated waveguide with higher characteristic impedance

Microstrip tapered transitions are commonly used as the best solution when an interface between substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) and a microstrip line is needed. However, in this paper, we show how the microstrip taper works much worse when the SIW has a high characteristic impedance compared to the microstrip one, and how a transition made in SIW has better performance in this case. Field plots, full-wave simulations and measurements validate the proposed solution for that case. Analytical equations for positioning the via holes forming the transition are obtained and tested with two examples.
Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1-directed immunotargeting to cardiopulmonary vasculature.

Therapeutic molecules conjugated with antibodies to the platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) accumulate in the pulmonary endothelium after i.v. injection in mice. In this study, we characterized PECAM-directed targeting to the lung and heart after local versus systemic intravascular administration in a large animal model, pigs. Radiolabel tracing showed that 1 h post-i.v. injection, 35% of anti-PECAM versus 2.5% of control IgG had accumulated in the lungs. Infusion of anti-PECAM via a catheter placed in the right pulmonary artery (RPA) resulted in a 3-fold elevation of the uptake in the right lower lobe and 2-fold reduction of uptake in the left lobes in the lung. Cardiac uptake of anti-PECAM was negligible after i.v. and RPA infusion. In contrast, delivery with a catheter placed in the right coronary artery (RCA) resulted in a 4-fold elevation of cardiac uptake of anti-PECAM, but not IgG, compared with i.v. injection. To estimate the targeting of an active reporter enzyme, streptavidin-conjugated beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) was coupled to anti-PECAM or IgG (anti-PECAM/beta-Gal and IgG/beta-Gal) and injected into the RCA. Beta-Gal activity was markedly elevated in the heart and lungs (5- and 25-fold increased, respectively) after injection of anti-PECAM/beta-Gal, but not IgG/beta-Gal. Image analysis confirmed endothelial targeting of anti-PECAM/beta-Gal in the heart and lung. In summary, anti-PECAM antibody conjugates deliver agents to the pulmonary endothelium regardless of injection route, whereas local arterial infusion permits targeting to the cardiac vasculature. This paradigm may be useful for drug targeting to endothelium in lungs, heart, and possibly other organs.
Abundance Profiles and Kinematics of Damped Lyα Absorbing Galaxies at z < 0.65

We present a spectroscopic study of six damped Lyα absorption (DLA) systems at z < 0.65, based on moderate- to high-resolution spectra of the galaxies responsible for the absorbers. Combining known metallicity measurements of the absorbers with known optical properties of the absorbing galaxies, we confirm that the low metal content of the DLA population can arise naturally as a combination of gas cross section selection and the metallicity gradients commonly observed in local disk galaxies. We also study the Tully-Fisher relation of the DLA-selected galaxies and find little detectable evidence for evolution in the disk population between z = 0 and ~0.5. Additional results of our analysis are as follows: (1) The DLA galaxies exhibit a range of spectral properties, from poststarburst, to normal disks, to starburst systems, supporting the idea that DLA galaxies are drawn from the typical field population. (2) Large rotating H I disks of radius 30 h-1 kpc and of dynamic mass Mdyn > 1011 h-1 M☉ appear to be common at intermediate redshifts. (3) Using an ensemble of six galaxy-DLA pairs, we derive an abundance profile that is characterized by a radial gradient of -0.041 ± 0.012 dex kpc-1 (or, equivalently, a scale length of 10.6 h-1 kpc) from the galactic center to a 30 h-1 kpc radius. (4) Adopting known N(H I) profiles of nearby galaxies and the best-fit radial gradient, we further derive an N(H I)-weighted mean metallicity ⟨Z⟩ = -0.50 ± 0.07 for the DLA population over 100 random lines of sight, consistent with ⟨Z⟩ = -0.64 observed for z ~ 1 DLA systems from Prochaska et al. Our analysis demonstrates that the low metal content of DLA systems does not rule out the possibility that the DLA population traces the field galaxy population.
Re-configurable fluid circuits by PDMS elastomer micromachining

We report on a microfabrication technique for realizing re-configurable micro fluidics devices using polymethylsiloxane material (PDMS). The mechanical characteristics of the material, including the Young's modulus and the adhesion energy have been determined experimentally. The magnitude of Young's modulus ranges from 8.7/spl times/10/sup 5/ Pa to 3.6/spl times/10/sup 5/ Pa. The adhesion energy is a function of the PDMS composition as well as chemical treatment. A method for efficiently developing flow interconnects has been demonstrated.
A new framework for the automatic insertion of mitigation structures in circuits netlists

In this paper we present a new software framework to analyze and modify circuits netlists in an automatic fashion. We developed an API that implements low–level functionalities above which it is possible to create complex algorithms. We then developed a second software layer to implement hardening techniques for Single Event Effects (SEEs) in digital microcircuits. Experimental results prove the effectiveness of the automatic introduction of mitigation techniques.