Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Neural Network of Spatial Cognition and its Modulation by Biological and Environmental Factors

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated the question, if the neural spatial cognition network is modulated by biological (Sex) and environmental factors (Experience, Spatial Component). Sex and Experience modulate response selection and motor imagery. Both Spatial Component and Experience are strongly related to brain activity in visual areas. The interaction between Spatial Component and Experience revealed that high spatial experience and significant better performance in the mental rotation task are related to task-specific neural changes. We conclude that brain areas involved in perceptual and motor processes are associated with the investigated factors Sex, Spatial Component, and Experience. The neural activity in core regions of the spatial cognition network seems to be associated with specific performance changes. Further studies should examine whether these results are specific to our spatial tasks or can be generalized to other cognitive tasks.
Niche construction earns its keep

Our response contains a definition of niche construction, illustrations of how it changes the evolutionary process, and clarifications of our conceptual model. We argue that the introduction of niche construction into evolutionary thinking earns its keep; we illustrate this argument in our discussion of rates of genetic and cultural evolution, memes and phenogenotypes, creativity, the EEA (environment of evolutionary adaptedness), and group selection.
Automatic geotagging and querying of indoor videos

As mobile videos from smartphones are getting more popular, there have been interests on managing such videos, especially in a large repository. For the management of mobile videos, a new approach has been proposed to organize and search videos using geospatial metadata such as camera location and viewing direction. With the approach, video contents in outdoor space were represented by pure geospatial properties so that well known spatial database technologies can handle video contents more effectively with spatial properties of videos. However, it has been limited by the localization techniques so mainly used for outdoor videos where localization techniques such as GPS is available. Different approaches are required to support geo-tagging of videos in indoor space where no GPS is not available. Due to the recent development of practical indoor localization technique, it becomes possible to tag spatial properties to indoor videos. This work in progress paper introduces a method of automatic geotagging and querying for indoor videos from smartphones.
The effects of explanations and pictures on learning, retention, and transfer of a procedural assembly task

Abstract Two experiments investigated the effects of qualitative explanations and pictures on learning, retention, and transfer of a procedural assembly task. Results showed that (1) functional explanations are more effective than structural explanations in learning and remembering an assembly task; however, their effects are diminished when learning subsequent similar tasks, (2) providing pictures facilitates learning but does not help performance once the task has been learned to criterion, and (3) previous experience in a task domain results in positive transfer to new tasks in the same domain.
The Rise and Routinization of Social Capital, 1988-2008

Social capital has not merely risen as a social scientific term in the scholarly literature; it has become routinized into everyday conversation and policy discourse across an extraordinarily diverse set of disciplines and substantive domains in countries around the world. It currently enjoys citation counts some 100 times larger than it did just 20 years ago and its popularity continues apace, despite numerous trenchant criticisms. Some of the reasons for the rise and routinization of social capital are explored, especially as they pertain to issues of primary concern to political science, namely collective action, economic development, and democratic governance (issues made especially salient by Putnam 1993). While ongoing debate is to be welcomed and rigor from individual scholars required, social capital must continue to do double duty: providing for diverse audiences a simple and intuitively appealing way of highlighting the intrinsic and instrumental importance of social relationships, while also yi.
Inter‐individual knowledge transfer and performance in product development

Purpose – This paper aims to examine how knowledge transfer between individuals influences performance in product development (PD) organizations and whether this influence is contingent to the degree of novelty in the PD work.Design/methodology/approach – A set of hypotheses describing the relationships between knowledge transfer by codification (KTC), knowledge transfer by personalization (KTP) and performance is developed. It is hypothesized that performance decreases when KTC interacts with novelty, but improves when KTP and novelty interact. Survey‐based data were collected from 287 knowledge workers across 19 PD units of Indian manufacturing companies, and multiple regression analyses were performed to test the hypotheses.Findings – Of the eight hypotheses stated, only one was supported by the data. KTP significantly influences the efficiency of PD work, highlighting the relative importance of personalized, as compared to repository‐based, knowledge transfer to performance. No significant interaction.
Transmission System Augmentation Based on the Concepts of Quantity Withheld and Monopoly Rent for Reducing Market Power

This paper proposes two mathematical structures for considering the market power effect of transmission capacity in transmission augmentation assessment. These mathematical structures use the concepts of monopoly rent and quantity withheld in economics for market power modeling in the assessment process of transmission augmentation. The simultaneous-move and sequential-move games in applied mathematics are used to model the interactions of the transmission network service provider, generating companies, and the market management company in the proposed mathematical structures. The solution concept of Nash equilibria is reformulated as an optimization problem, and the multiple Nash equilibria is tackled through an introduced concept termed worst Nash equilibrium. A numerical solution is developed to solve the proposed mathematical structures. The numerical solution is an island parallel genetic algorithm nested in a standard genetic algorithm. The six-bus Garver's example system and the IEEE 14-bus test system are modified and studied. The results prove the strong mechanism of the developed structures for modeling the market power effect of transmission capacity in the assessment of transmission augmentation.
Power and Gender in the “New View” Public Schools

“Power over” (involving social control and domination) is contrasted with “power to” (involving social production and collaboration). Three hypotheses drawn from feminist, democratic. and regime theories are developed and supported by ethnographic research: (a) women are more likely than men to understand power as social production, (b) social fragmentation and stronger forms of democracy in cities are encouraging the use of collaborative power, and (c) the application of collaborative power helps communities achieve policy goals.
Towards the development of knee prostheses: review of current researches

Purpose – The aim is to set a state‐of‐the‐art in scientific research towards the development of knee prostheses for transfemoral amputees, by reviewing the literature in the field and by identifying different scientific research lines that have brought out through the years. Also, to provide the information about possible outcomes in the near future, and their links to cybernetics, given the present trends in the field.Design/methodology/approach – Literature related to scientific research carried out up‐to‐date in the field of knee prostheses, is reviewed in scientific articles, books and electronic sources. Then, different research lines are identified from the obtained information, and finally classified as presented in this work.Findings – Three scientific research lines regarding the development of knee prostheses were found, each one dealing with: the design of knee prostheses; the performance assessment of these prostheses; and the creation of control strategies for these prostheses which use elec.
Negotiating Marriage and Schooling

This article investigates ways that young Nepalese women combine family and student roles when transitioning to adulthood. Findings show both women’s and their parents’ education is positively associated with the young women’s school enrollment after marriage. Furthermore, the effect of education on postmarriage schooling is dependent on type of marriage: for lower-educated women, those in an arranged marriage are more likely to continue education than those in a love marriage. However, for better-educated women, those in a love marriage are more likely to continue schooling than those in an arranged marriage. The more educated ones who balance personal autonomy and obedience to cultural authorities win parental support in both their marriage formation and personal development. Unlike the increasingly elongated, sequential transition to adulthood in the Western context, young Nepalese women experience an intense transition to adulthood as they take on family and student roles simultaneously with practical familial support.
Osx-Cre Targets Multiple Cell Types besides Osteoblast Lineage in Postnatal Mice

Osterix (Osx or Sp7) is a zinc-finger-family transcriptional factor essential for osteoblast differentiation in mammals. The Osx-Cre mouse line (also known as Osx1-GFP::Cre) expresses GFP::Cre fusion protein from a BAC transgene containing the Osx regulatory sequence. The mouse strain was initially characterized during embryogenesis, and found to target mainly osteoblast-lineage cells. Because the strain has been increasingly used in postnatal studies, it is important to evaluate its targeting specificity in mice after birth. By crossing the Osx-Cre mouse with the R26-mT/mG reporter line and analyzing the progenies at two months of age, we find that Osx-Cre targets not only osteoblasts, osteocytes and hypertrophic chondrocytes as expected, but also stromal cells, adipocytes and perivascular cells in the bone marrow. The targeting of adipocytes and perivascular cells appears to be specific to those residing within the bone marrow, as the same cell types elsewhere are not targeted. Beyond the skeleton, Osx-Cre also targets the olfactory glomerular cells, and a subset of the gastric and intestinal epithelium. Thus, potential contributions from the non-osteoblast-lineage cells should be considered when Osx-Cre is used to study gene functions in postnatal mice.
Appendices to : Revisiting the Welfare Effects of Eliminating Business Cycles

with ordering (e, g), (e, b), (u, g), (u, b). This implies probabilities of finding a job, conditional on last period’s employment status and on the aggregate shocks in the current and in the last period. These job-finding probabilities can be ranked from least to most lucky as follows: the probability of becoming employed next period ( ′ = 1) is, 1. conditional on = 0, z = g, and z′ = b, 0.0313/0.1250 = 0.2504 ≡ ī1; 2. conditional on = 0, z = b, and z′ = b, 0.3500/0.8750 = 0.4000 ≡ ī2; 3. conditional on = 0, z = g, and z′ = g, 0.5833/0.8750 = 0.6666 ≡ ī3; 4. conditional on = 0, z = b, and z′ = g, 0.0938/0.1250 = 0.7504 ≡ ī4; 5. conditional on = 1, z = g, and z′ = b, 0.1159/0.1250 = 0.9272 ≡ ī5; 6. conditional on = 1, z = b, and z′ = b, 0.8361/0.8750 = 0.9555 ≡ ī6; 7. conditional on = 1, z = g, and z′ = g, 0.8507/0.8750 = 0.9722 ≡ ī7; and 8. conditional on = 1, z = b, and z′ = g, 0.1229/0.1250 = 0.9832 ≡ ī8. ∗Princeton University, IIES, CEPR, and NBER †University of Virginia and CIREQ ‡Federal Reserve Bank of New York §Yale University
Hyperthermic fatigue precedes a rapid reduction in serum sodium in an ironman triathlete: a case report.

PURPOSE To monitor the hydration, core temperature, and speed (pace) of a triathlete performing an Ironman triathlon. METHODS A 35-year-old experienced male triathlete participated in the Western Australian Ironman triathlon on December 1, 2006. The participant was monitored for blood Na(+) concentration before the race (PRE), at the transitions (T1 and T2), halfway through the run (R21), and after the race (POST; 2hPOST). Core body temperature (T(c); pill telemetry) was recorded continuously, and running speed (s3 stride sensor) was measured during the run. RESULTS The participant completed the race in 11 h 38 min, in hot conditions (26.6 +/- 5.8 degrees C; 42 +/- 19% rel. humidity). His T(c) increased from 37.0 to 38.6 degrees C during the 57-min swim, and averaged 38.4 degrees C during the 335-min bike (33.5 km x h(-1)). After running at 12.4 km x h(-1) for 50 min in the heat (33.1 degrees C), T(c) increased to 39.4 degrees C, before slowing to 10.0 km x h(-1) for 20 min. T(c) decreased to 38.9 degrees C until he experienced severe leg cramps, after which speed diminished to 6 km x h(-1) and T(c) fell to 38.0 degrees C. The athlete's blood Na(+) was constant from PRE to T2 (139-140 mEq x L(-1), but fell to 131 mEq x L(-1) at R21, 133 mEq x L(-1) at POST, and 128 mEq x L(-1) at 2hPOST. The athlete consumed 9.25 L of fluid from PRE to T2, 6.25 L from T2 to POST, and lost 2% of his body mass, indicating sweat losses greater than 15.5 L. CONCLUSION This athlete slowed during the run phase following attainment of a critically high T(c) and experienced an unusually rapid reduction in blood Na(+) that preceded cramping, despite presenting with signs of dehydration.
Sex Differences and Individual Differences.

PLOMIN, ROBERT, and FOCH, TERRYL T. Sex Differences and Individual Differences. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1981, 52, 383-385. Sex differences and their relationship to individual differences were examined for Maccoby and Jacklin's sex differences summaries and for a diverse set of measures of specific cognitive abilities and objective personality assessments for 216 school-age children. Although verbal ability is reputedly one of the most well-established cognitive sex differences, sex accounts for only about 1% of the variance of verbal measures. If all we know about a child is the child's sex, we know next to nothing about the child's verbal ability. The other measures of specific cognitive abilities and objective personality assessments yielded similar results. In general, average differences between groups appear to be trivial compared with individual differences within groups.
Mothers' use of imitative play for facilitating social responsiveness and toy play in young autistic children

Abstract The effectiveness of imitating an autistic child's actions as a means for promoting social responsiveness and creative toy play was explored. Fifteen autistic children between the ages of 2 and 6 years and their mothers were assessed before and after a 2-week period during which they engaged in imitative play for 20 minutes per day. At the pre-intervention assessment, autistic children's gaze at mother's face was of longer duration, and their toy play was more creative during imitative play than during a free play session. At the post-intervention assessment, significant cumulative increases in duration of gaze at mother's face and creative toy play were found. Children's positive behavior changes were not found to be a function of developmental level of imitative ability, play skills, Vineland social age, IQ, or severity of autistic symptoms. Instead, the majority of children showed positive responses to this interactive strategy, regardless of these individual characteristics.
Double pass-band bandpass filter using composite left-right handed transmission line

A compact microstrip double pass-band bandpass filter utilizing composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission lines is designed, fabricated, and measured. Measurements are carried out using network analyzer. The bandpass filter has two centre frequencies of 7.05 GHz and 13.05 GHz, respectively. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed filter has low insertion loss in passband, compact dimensions, easy fabrication, and low cost. The novel measured performances of the bandpass filter based on CRLH are almost identical with the simulated results.
UBham: Lexical Resources and Dependency Parsing for Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis

This paper describes the system developed by the UBham team for the SemEval2014 Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis task (Task 4). We present an approach based on deep linguistic processing techniques and resources, and explore the parameter space of these techniques applied to the different stages in this task and examine possibilities to exploit interdependencies between them.
2‐Amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine (PhIP)–induced mutagenesis in cultured Big Blue™ rat mammary epithelial and fibroblast cells

Epithelial cells are the primary site of carcinogenesis in most tissues, including the mammary gland. As an alternative to the study of mutation induction in whole tissues in vivo, we have established Big Blue™ transgenic rat cell lines from the mammary epithelium (BBR/ME) and the mammary stroma (BBR/MFib), to permit a comparison of their mutagenic responses to carcinogens. We previously demonstrated their responsiveness to the alkylating agent N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea (ENU) (McDiarmid H et al. [2001]: Mutat Res 497:39–47). Here, we examined the responses of cultured epithelial and stromal cells to the protein pyrolysis product and mammary carcinogen 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo[4,5‐b]pyridine (PhIP). Rat hepatic S9 was used as a source of bioactivation enzymes. Mutant induction (cII locus) and clonogenic survival were measured as a function of PhIP concentration. PhIP mutagenicity was observed in the fibroblast cells, but the greater toxicity of PhIP to the epithelial cells prevented a definitive evaluation of mutagenicity. Since PhIP may be detoxified by conjugation with glutathione, we measured glutathione levels and glutathione‐S‐transferase expression and activities in both cell lines. The epithelial cells had higher glutathione‐S‐transferase enzyme activity and protein expression than did the fibroblast cell line. Because the epithelial cells were more sensitive to toxicity, glutathione conjugation evidently plays only a minor role in PhIP toxicity and mutagenicity in our cell lines. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 39:245–253, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of the human cytochrome P450 isoforms mediating in vitro N-dealkylation of perphenazine.

AIMS To identify the human cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms mediating the N-dealkylation of the antipsychotic drug perphenazine in vitro and estimate the relative contributions of the CYP isoforms involved. METHODS cDNA-expressed CYP isoforms were used to identify the isoforms that are able to mediate the N-dealkylation of perphenazine, which is considered a major metabolic pathway for the drug. Using human liver microsomal preparations (HLM), inhibition studies were carried out to establish the relative contributions of the CYP isoforms involved in the N-dealkylation reaction. RESULTS CYP isoforms 1A2, 3A4, 2C8, 2C9, 2C18, 2C19 and 2D6 were able to mediate the N-dealkylation of perphenazine. Reaction velocities and their relative abundance in HLM suggested that CYP1A2, 3A4, 2C19 and 2D6 were the most important contributors to N-dealkylation. Apparent Km values of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 were in the range 1-2 microM, and Km values of CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 were 14 microM and 7.9 microM, respectively. Ketoconazole inhibition of N-dealkylation mediated by a mixed HLM indicated that CYP3A4 accounted for about 40% of perphenazine N-dealkylation at therapeutically relevant concentrations. The contribution of the CYP isoforms 1A2, 2C19 and 2D6 amounted to 20-25% each as measured by the percentage inhibition obtained by addition of furafylline, fluvoxamine or quinidine, respectively. HLM-mediated N-dealkylation of perphenazine accounted for 57% of the total amount of substrate consumed during incubation. CONCLUSIONS The present in vitro study suggests that CYP isoforms 1A2, 3A4, 2C19 and 2CD6 are primarily involved in the N-dealkylation of perphenazine. The relatively modest role of CYP2D6 is at variance with in vivo studies, which indicate a greater contribution of this isoform. Alternative metabolic pathways, corresponding to 43% of the HLM-mediated metabolism of the drug, may depend more strongly on CYP2D6.
Classification of mental tasks using fixed and adaptive autoregressive models of EEG signals

Classification of EEG signals extracted during mental tasks is a technique for designing brain computer interfaces (BCI). We classify EEG signals that were extracted during mental tasks using fixed autoregressive (FAR) and adaptive AR (AAR) models. Five different mental tasks from 4 subjects were used in the experimental study and combinations of 2 different mental tasks are studied for each subject. Four different feature extraction methods were used to extract features from these EEG signals: FAR coefficients computed with Burg's algorithm using 125 data points, without segmentation and with segmentation of 25 data points, AAR coefficients computed with least-mean-square (LMS) algorithm using 125 data points, without segmentation and with segmentation of 25 data points. Multilayer perception (MLP) neural network (NN) trained by the backpropagation (BP) algorithm is used to classify these features into the different categories representing the mental tasks. The best results for FAR was 92.70% while for AAR was only 81.80%. The results obtained here indicated that FAR using 125 data points without segmentation gave better classification performance as compared to AAR, with all other parameters constant.
Using cloud technologies for large-scale house data in smart city

In the smart city environment, a wide variety of data are collected from sensors and devices to achieve value-added services. In this paper, we especially focus on data taken from smart houses in the smart city, and propose a platform, called Scallop4SC, that stores and processes the large-scale house data. The house data is classified into log data or configuration data. Since the amount of the log is extremely large, we introduce the Hadoop/MapReduce with a multi-node cluster. On top of this, we use HBase key-value store to manage heterogeneous log data in a schemaless manner. On the other hand, to manage the configuration data, we choose MySQL to process various queries to the house data efficiently. We propose practical data models of the log data and the configuration data on HBase and MySQL, respectively. We then show how Scallop4SC works as a efficient data platform for smart city services. We implement a prototype with 12 Linux servers. We conduct an experimental evaluation to calculate device-wise energy consumption, using actual house log recorded for one year in our smart house. Based on the result, we discuss the applicability of Scallop4SC to city-scale data processing.