Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
1 A 4-Side Tileable Back Illuminated 3 D-Integrated Mpixel CMOS Image Sensor

The dominant trend with conventional image sensors is toward scaled-down pixel sizes to increase spatial resolution and decrease chip size and cost [1]. While highly capable chips, these monolithic image sensors devote substantial perimeter area to signal acquisition and control circuitry and trade off pixel complexity for fill factor. For applications such as wide-area persistent surveillance, reconnaissance, and astronomical sky surveys it is desirable to have simultaneous near-real-time imagery with fast, wide field-of-view coverage. Since the fabrication of a complex large-format sensor on a single piece of silicon is cost and yield-prohibitive and is limited to the wafer size, for these applications many smaller-sized image sensors are tiled together to realize very large arrays [2,3]. Ideally the tiled image sensor has no missing pixels and the pixel pitch is continuous across the seam to minimize loss of information content. CCD-based imagers have been favored for these large mosaic arrays because of their low noise and high sensitivity, but CMOS-based image sensors bring architectural benefits, including electronic shutters, enhanced radiation tolerance, and higher data-rate digital outputs that are more easily scalable to larger arrays. In [4] we report the first back-illuminated, 1Mpixel, 3D-integrated CMOS image sensor with 8μm-pitch 3D via connections. The chip employs a conventional pixel layout and requires 500μm of perimeter silicon to house the support circuitry and protect the array from saw damage. In this paper we present a back-illuminated 1Mpixel CMOS image sensor tile that includes a 64-channel vertically integrated ADC chip stack, and requires only a few pixels of silicon perimeter to the pixel array. The tile and system connector design support 4-side abuttability and fast burst data rates.
Christian Views on the Ethics of Tax Evasion

One hesitates to make general statements about “Christian” views on anything, given the fact that Christians of various sects have persecuted and even killed each other (not to mention Jews and Muslims) over the centuries because of doctrinal disputes. Nevertheless, I will attempt to make some general statements regarding Christian doctrine on the ethics of tax evasion. The literature on this topic is scant, or at least was scant until recently (McGee 1998 ). Therefore, I will necessarily be limited in my discussion to some Biblical passages, a few recent articles ( Pennock ; Schansberg ; Gronbacher ; Smith and Kimball ; McGee 1994a ) , the views of some Popes, and a doctoral dissertation that was written in the 1940s ( Crowe ).
Design Aspects of a Novel Topology Air-Cored Permanent Magnet Linear Generator for Direct Drive Wave Energy Converters

Direct drive wave energy converters are attractive due to the elimination of intermediate mechanical power conversion stages. Longitudinal flux (LF) linear generators with iron-cored stators have so far been dominant in experimental direct drive WECs, but suffer from high bearing loads and unwanted end effects. A novel linear air-cored topology is presented in this paper which eliminates most of the end effects associated with LF iron-cored machines as well as the attraction forces between iron-cored stators and magnet translators. The attraction forces between the opposing sides of the translators of double-sided air-cored machines are also ideally eliminated. An analytical model and an exhaustive optimization procedure for finding the minimum active mass subject to certain performance specifications are developed for the novel topology. Finite element analysis is used to verify and further analyze the model. First test results from a 1 kW experimental machine correspond well with designed values and confirm the feasibility of implementing the novel topology on a small scale.
Development of a behaviour-based control and software architecture for a visually guided mine detection robot

Humanitarian demining is a labor-intensive and high-risk which could benefit from the development of a humanitarian mine detection robot, capable of scanning a minefield semiautomatically. The design of such an outdoor autonomous robots requires the consideration and integration of multiple aspects: sensing, data fusion, path and motion planning and robot control embedded in a control and software architecture. This paper focuses on three main aspects of the design process: visual sensing using stereo and image motion analysis, design of a behaviour-based control architecture and implementation of a modular software architecture. RÉSUMÉ. : Le déminage humanitaire reste une opération laborieuse et risquée. Dans ce contexte, le but est de développer un robot mobile démineur capable de scanner un champ de mine de manière semi-automatique. La conception d’un tel robot doit prendre en considération différents aspects: la perception et le fusion des données, l’ architecture de contrôle pour la navigation du robot et son implémentation avec un logiciel adapté. Le système de perception utilisé dans ce travail est basé sur la stereo vision et l’analyse du mouvement dans l’image. Le système de contrôle utilise une architecture modulaire basée sur les comportements.
The Economic Consequences of Unilateral Divorce for Children

This paper provides new evidence on the economic consequences of unilateral divorce laws on the future labor market outcomes of children. Using a cohort of young adults from the 1990 census, we examine the effect of living in a unilateral divorce state as a child on education, earnings, and marital status. Women with many years of childhood exposure to unilateral divorce laws have lower wages and have completed less schooling. However, there is no statistically significant effect of unilateral divorce exposure on men's wages. Both women and men are more likely to marry and less likely to get divorced with more years of exposure to unilateral divorce as a child. We also explore alternative mechanisms through which unilateral divorce laws can affect children's outcomes. The evidence suggests that while divorce rates did increase significantly as a result of the laws, bargaining power within the household is also an important factor driving our results.
A Positive Regulator of Mitosis, Sok2, Functions as a Negative Regulator of Meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

ABSTRACT The choice between meiosis and alternative developmental pathways in budding yeast depends on the expression and activity of transcriptional activator Ime1. The transcription of IME1is repressed in the presence of glucose, and a low basal level ofIME1 RNA is observed in vegetative cultures with acetate as the sole carbon source. IREu, a 32-bp element in the IME1promoter, exhibits upstream activation sequence activity depending on Msn2 and -4 and the presence of acetate. We show that in the presence of glucose IREu functions as a negative element and that Sok2 mediates this repression activity. We show that Sok2 associates with Msn2. Sok2 functions as a general repressor whose availability and activity depend on glucose. The activity of Sok2 as a repressor depends on phosphorylation of T598 by protein kinase A (PKA). Relief of repression of Sok2 depends on both the N-terminal domain of Sok2 and Ime1. In the absence of glucose and the presence of Ime1 Sok2 is converted to a weak activator. Overexpression of Sok2 or mild expression of Sok2 with its N-terminal domain deleted leads to a decrease in sporulation. Previously it was reported that overexpression of Sok2 suppresses the growth defect resulting from a temperature-sensitive PKA; thus Sok2 has a positive role in mitosis. We show that Candida albicansEfg1, a homolog of Sok2, complements sok2Δ in repressing IREu. Our results demonstrate that Sok2, a positive regulator of mitosis, and Efg1, a positive regulator of filamentation, function as negative regulators of meiosis. We suggest that cells use the same regulators with opposing effects to ensure that meiosis will be an alternative to mitosis.
Adaptive Music Recommendation System

While sources of digital music are getting more abundant and music players are becoming increasingly feature-rich, we still struggle to find new music that we may like. This thesis explores the design and implementation of the MusicPlanner a music recommendation application that utilizes a goal-oriented framework to recommend and play music. Goal-oriented programming approaches problems by modeling them using Goals, Techniques, and a Planner. The Goals are representations of a user's intent, while the Techniques are the methods that can be used to satisfy the Goals. The Planner connects the Goals and Techniques in a user-defined way to find solutions to user's requests. In the MusicPlanner, the Planner defines the top level Goal of recommending music, which can be satisfied by a set of recommendation Techniques. Each of the recommendation Techniques then declares the sub-Goal of playing music, which can be satisfied by a set of play Techniques. The Planner evaluates each of the Techniques and iterates through the results to choose the best set of Techniques to satisfy the top-level goal of music recommendation. The MusicPlanner allows the user to create personal music stations and for each station, constructs a model of user's music taste based on queries and feedback to the songs played. The extensible design of the architecture and the ease of implementing the MusicPlanner show how goal-oriented framework can simplify the work for programmers. In evaluating the performance of the MusicPlanner, we demonstrate that the Planner in the goal-oriented framework outperforms each individual recommendation Technique. Thesis Supervisor: Steve Ward Title: Professor
Facts and perspectives of the first National Dietary Survey.

This supplement aims to disseminate results obtained from the fi rst dietary survey carried out in Brazil, in which food records for two non-consecutive days were obtained for each interviewee. The supplement contains six studies which address aspects linked to analyzing the prevalence of consumption of different foods, inadequate intake in different age groups, guidelines for analyzing the sample design of this research and the impact of eating out. The National Dietary Survey (INA - Inquerito Nacional de Alimentacao) was part of the Household Budget Survey (POF — Pesquisa de Orcamentos Familiares), carried out by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografi a e Estatistica). The INA registered food consumption from two non-consecutive days for 34,003 individuals residing in 13,569 households corresponding to 25% of the POF sample.10
Personal Information Disclosure in Facebook: The Awareness of UiTM Pahang Students

the use of computers and the internet become more popular and emerging from time to time, the issue of protecting personal information has become more vital and crucial. In order to protect the personal information, several organizations and countries have issued legislation, laws and rules which should be followed in order to protect personal information. Furthermore, there is no awareness among the Malaysians who use Facebook especially about their rights and protections by the law. Thus, a set of questionnaire has been distributed to 274 of UiTM Pahang students randomly to measure their perceptions on the data visibility via Facebook and suggested the precaution that should be taken to prevent any unintended issues such as cybercrime, suicide, sexual harassment, identity theft, copyright infringement involving videos and pictures. The analysis findings revealed that 68.6% of respondents were aware of the risks occurring once they disclose their private information in Facebook and 69% of them were aware that they have the rights on the personal information provided under a law. Through education and awareness, users will be more willingly and effectively utilize privacy and security settings available on SNS.
Bulk based preconditioning for quantum dot computations

This article describes how to accelerate the convergence of Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) type eigensolvers for the computation of several states around the band gap of colloidal quantum dots. Our new approach uses the Hamiltonian from the bulk materials constituent for the quantum dot to design an efficient preconditioner for the folded spectrum PCG method. The technique described shows promising results when applied to CdSe quantum dot model problems. We show a decrease in the number of iteration steps by at least a factor of 4 compared to the previously used diagonal preconditioner.
Garbled RAM Revisited, Part II

In EUROCRYPT 2013, Lu and Ostrovsky proposed the notion of Garbled RAM (GRAM) programs. These GRAM programs are analogous to the classic result of Yao’s garbled circuits: a large encrypted memory can rst be provided to evaluator, and then a program can separately be garbled and sent to an evaluator to securely execute while learning nothing but the output of the program and its running time. The key feature of GRAM is that it harnesses the natural complexity-theoretic power that Random Access Memory (RAM) programs have over circuits, such as in binary search or randomized algorithms, where program can be executed in a garbled way without \unrolling" it into a circuit. The candidate Lu-Ostrovsky GRAM scheme proposed in that paper is based on the existence of one-way functions, but due to an implicit reliance on a complex \circular" use of Yao garbled circuits, the scheme requires an additional circularity assumptions and may not be secure otherwise. In this paper, we show how to construct ecient GRAM without circularity and based solely on the existence of any one-way function. The novel approach that allows us to break the circularity is a modication of the Goldreich-Goldwasser-Micali (PRF) construction. More specically, we modify the PRF to allow PRF-keys to be \adaptively revoked" during run-time at the additive cost of roughly logn per revocation. Then, to improve the overhead of this scheme, we apply a delicate recursion technique that bootstraps mini-GRAM schemes into larger, more powerful ones while still avoiding circularity in the hybrid arguments. This results in secure GRAM with overhead of poly( )(min(t;n )) for any constant > 0 where n is the size of memory and t is the running time. In a companion work (Part I), Gentry, Halevi, Raykova, and Wichs show an alternative approach using identity-based encryption to solve the circularity problem 1 . Their scheme achieves overhead of poly( )polylog(n) assuming the existence of IBE.
Which Way to Nudge? Uncovering Preferences in the Behavioral Age

Behavioral Law and Economics has created a dilemma for policymakers. On the one hand, research from the field suggests a wide range of unconventional policy instruments (“nudges”) may be used to shape people’s voluntary choices in order to lead them to the option they most prefer. On the other hand, the very nature of these new instruments precludes researchers from measuring people’s preferences in the traditional way, i.e., by looking to see which option people choose from the set of available choices. As a result, policymakers often lack the information they need to design nudges that will make people better off.To tackle this dilemma, I propose a new framework that focuses on the distinction between those decision-makers who respond to nudges and those who do not. The framework highlights that existing methods for designing nudges come up short—none accounts for what I argue is the crucial piece of information: the preferences of the nudge-sensitive decision-makers. After exploring this dilemma, the Essay describes two new approaches for uncovering the preferences of this group and argues that they hold promise for informing the design of nudges in a wide range of policy settings.
Automatic Segmentation of Head-and-Shoulder Images by Combining Edge Feature and Shape Prior

Automatic segmentation without any user interaction is very difficult due to potentially high complexity of the scene. No wonder, most existing segmentation algorithms are based on user interactions. However, automatic segmentation in some special situations has great significance. In this paper, we introduce an automatic segmentation algorithm for frontal head-and-shoulder images. Our algorithm combines edge feature and shape prior to extract the foreground silhouette automatically. The novelty of our approach lies in two aspects, namely, the Cost Path Segmentation $(CPS)$ algorithm to extract the initial foreground silhouette, and a general active prior shape model, to extract the final foreground segmentation. We demonstrate the high quality and performance of the proposed approach with a variety of head-and-shoulder images. Compared with previous methods, our approach is much more robust for images with complex color distributions in foreground and background.
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology Open Access the Management of Infertility Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is the commonest cause of anovulatory infertility. Treatment modes available are numerous mainly relying on ovarian stimulation with FSH, a reduction in insulin concentrations and a decrease in LH levels as the basis of the therapeutic principles. Clomiphene citrate is still the first line treatment and if unsuccessful is usually followed by direct FSH stimulation. This should be given in a low dose protocol, essential to avoid the otherwise prevalent complications of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies. The addition of a GnRH agonists, while very useful during IVF/ET, adds little to ovulation induction success whereas the position of GnRH antagonists is not yet clear. Hyperinsulinemia is the commonest contributor to the state of anovulation and its reduction, by weight loss or insulin sensitizing agents such as metformin, will alone often restore ovulation or will improve results when used in combination with other agents. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling is proving equally as successful as FSH for the induction of ovulation, particularly in thin patients with high LH concentrations. Aromatase inhibitors are presently being examined and may replace clomiphene in the future. When all else has failed, IVF/ET produces excellent results. In conclusion, there are very few women suffering from anovulatory infertility associated with PCOS who cannot be successfully treated today. Review Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is associated with approximately 75% of women who suffer from infertility due to anovulation [1,2]. It is a very heterogeneous syndrome both in its clinical presentation and laboratory manifestations. The majority of women with anovulation due to PCOS have menstrual irregularities, usually oli-gomenorrhea or amenorrhea, associated with clinical and/or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism. The main disturbances in this syndrome are: 1. Abnormal morphology of the ovary, detected by a characteristic hyperechogenic enlarged central stroma and >9 small follicles of 2–9 mm diameter on transvaginal ultra-sound examination of the ovaries [3]. 2. Abnormal steroidogenesis, mainly increased ovarian production of androgens but also increased progesterone and estradiol production. 3. Hyperinsulinemia, present in about 80% of obese women and 30–40% of women of normal weight with PCOS [4] and more strongly associated with anovulation than any other feature of the syndrome. article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.
A Proposed Control System for an Autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicle

This paper deals with a proposal of building up a control module to convert the APC M113 into a remotely controlled vehicle. The driving of the vehicle has been simplified and performed through a simple control lever similar to the computer joystick that is able to control the vehicle driving systems; steering and braking system, accelerator pedal, and gear shifting lever. The necessary sensors and actuators have been added to the conventional APC. These sensors and actuators nave been calculated and selected according the design diagram of the vehicle control system. A microcontroller is used as a control unit, the required interfacing circuits are designed and necessary sensors and actuators are selected. LABVIEW Software® was used as the interface between the microcontroller and the real world.
A new resource allocation scheme based on a PSNR criterion for wireless video transmission to stationary receivers over Gaussian channels

A new resource allocation scheme is proposed for video service over a Gaussian channel. For video quality rating, we introduce a suitable metric: the average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) or the average channel-induced PSNR degradation. Then, we model the end-to-end distortion considering the error propagation effect caused by motion compensation. On the basis of this model, we propose an efficient resource allocation scheme for real video service. Unlike conventional schemes, the new scheme satisfies the PSNR requirement of each video user by adjusting the bit-error rate level with the changes of image characteristics. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme utilizes the bandwidth more efficiently than conventional schemes.
A Texture Based Matching Approach for Automated Assembly of Puzzles

The puzzle assembly problem has many application areas such as restoration and reconstruction of archeological findings, repairing of broken objects, solving jigsaw type puzzles, molecular docking problem, etc. The puzzle pieces usually include not only geometrical shape information but also visual information such as texture, color, and continuity of lines. This paper presents a new approach to the puzzle assembly problem that is based on using textural features and geometrical constraints. The texture of a band outside the border of pieces is predicted by inpainting and texture synthesis methods. Feature values are derived from these original and predicted images of pieces. An affinity measure of corresponding pieces is defined and alignment of the puzzle pieces is carried out using an FFT based image registration technique. The optimization of total affinity gives the best assembly of puzzle. Experimental results are presented on real and artificial data sets