Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SIM‐NET: A View‐Based Semantic Similarity Model for Ad Hoc Networks of Geospatial Databases

Semantic similarity is a fundamental notion in GIScience for achieving semantic interoperability among geospatial data. Until now, several semantic similarity models have been proposed; however, few of these models address the issues related to the assessment of semantic similarity in ad hoc networks. Also, several models are based on a definition of concepts where features are independent, an assumption that reduces the richness of the geospatial concept representation. This article presents the conceptual basis for Sim‐Net, a novel semantic similarity model for ad hoc networks based on Description Logics (DL). Sim‐Net is based on the multi‐view paradigm. This paradigm is used to include inferential knowledge in semantic similarity, that is, the knowledge about implicit dependencies between features of concepts. In Sim‐Net, assessing semantic similarity relies on the notions of Semantic Reference Systems and Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), which are combined to establish a common semantic reference frame for ontologies of the ad hoc network called the view lattice. The Sim‐Net semantic similarity measure distinguishes concepts that belong to different or similar domains and takes into account the neighbours of a concept in the network. An application example is used to show the positive impact of the properties of Sim‐Net.
Spike frequency adaptation and signaling properties of identified neurons in rodent deep spinal dorsal horn.

Using whole cell recordings, I analyzed the intrinsic discharge properties for 285 neurons in Rexed's laminae III-V of isolated hamster spinal cord preparations. Neurons were characterized by their responses to step-wise and ramp-hold depolarizing current applied through the recording pipettes. Tonic cells (133/285; 47%) fired repetitively during step-wise current application. Firing decayed linearly (-0.14 to -4.3 imp . s(-1) . s(-1)) or was bimodal, with an initial exponential phase (tau approximately 450 ms) followed by a linear decline (-0.02 to -6.3 imp . s(-1) . s(-1)); discharge frequency was unrelated to current trajectory. Phasic-firing cells (108/285; 38%) responded with a burst discharge having an initial rapid, exponential decrease (tau approximately 30 ms) and subsequent linear decline (-1 to -78 imp . s(-1) . s(-1)). Phasic cells were activated preferentially by fast current ramps (slope, 70 pA/s-2.2 nA/s) with the number and frequency of impulses increasing with current slope. Delayed-firing cells (44/285; 15%), responded to current steps with an accelerating firing following a substantial latent period (0.5-4 s) and discharged during current ramps with slopes less than approximately 100 pA/s. Intracellular staining revealed a significant association between electrophysiological profile and neuronal morphology. A majority of presumed projection cells (22/30; 73%) exhibited tonic firing to step-wise activation. The preponderance of phasic and delayed firing cells, 93% (42/45) and 71% (12/17), respectively, were interneurons with local or intersegmental terminations. Differential sensitivity to static and time-varying components of membrane current suggest differences in neuronal signaling properties that may have important implications for integration of mechanosensory information in the deep spinal dorsal horn.
Sexual Strategies: A Journey Into Controversy

When I began my scientific exploration of human sexual strategies in 1981, I sensed that the work would be controversial. Mix the ingredients of sex, evolution, and sex differences, and emotions start to run high. Humans don't seem especially well designed for dispassionate intellectual discourse about any of these topics when they are considered alone, much less when they are combined. When people universally feel so strongly about a topic, however, and when scientific findings are greeted with fear and loathing, it's a pretty sure sign that one is on to something important. During my undergraduate and graduate training in psychology, from 1971 to 1981, there was no such thing as evolutionary psychology, no one studied human mating strategies, and sex differences were believed to be trivial or nonexistent. The dominant theories of the field emphasized social learning, socialization, and arbitrary social roles-all precursors of social constructionism. If there was a nature to humans, according to mainstream assumptions, it was that humans had no fundamental nature. People were plastic, formless, passive receptacles whose adult form was achieved solely by input that occurred during development-input from media, parents, teachers, peers, and the dominant interests of those in power. Aggression, I was told, was learned and therefore could be unlearned. Whether participants in psychological studies were male or female was not even reported in many published articles, until the American Psychological Association added a rule sometime in the 1970s to require it. Even those reporting the sex composition of their participants rarely analyzed their data to see whether men and women might differ. Those few differences that were so obvious that they could not be swept under the rug-differences in physical aggression and in spatial rotation ability-were attributed to socialization and to arbitrary "gender schemas" that could be eliminated and replaced with alternative gender-free schemas. One of my graduate school mentors, Dr. Jeanne Block, was featured in a TV documentary called The Pinks and the Blues (Nova Science Programming, 1980). Her theory, published in American PsVchologist (Block, 1973), was a prototype of the dominantly held views of psychology-sex differences derived from sex role socialization. Dressing girls in pink and boys in blue and giving boys baseball bats and girls Barbie dolls exemplify this hypothesized process. I cannot say that there was ever a time when I found these mainstream theories compelling, but I was in a tiny minority.
The Impact of Emotions on Divergent Thinking Processes: A Consideration for Inquiry-Oriented Teachers

Innovation is a cornerstone of the success of our global society and it is required to generate solutions to today’s challenges. Students will benefit from classrooms that encourage creative thought and innovative self-directed projects. Inquiry is an instructional approach that fosters creativity and divergent thinking. This paper elaborates on one aspect of the creative process—the impact of emotions on divergent thinking. Theory and some existing research are reviewed and a plan for a neurocognitive study using electroencephalography is delineated. Current and previous research is taken into account when reflecting on suggestions for fostering learning environments conducive to creativity and building interdisciplinary collaboration.
Association between interpersonal communication and other drivers of social network sites use

Social Network sites (SNS) are rapidly becoming one of the most popular media for social communication. These sites provided a new combination of all the communication applications that humans use, including interpersonal conversation and broadcasting extensive information to numerous audiences. This study empirically examined the relationship between daily communication applications of SNS with other derivers for using these sites. The quantitative analysis of gathered data from 360 respondents revealed that communication use of SNS was highly associated with two drivers of SNS use, namely, keeping in touch and presentation of self. Furthermore, the results indicated that communication function of SNS was significantly correlated with several other drivers for SNS use which included ‘to make new friends’, ‘to seek information and knowledge’ and ‘to stay aware and updated about friends and society popular topics ’. Keywords: Social network site, Facebook, Derivers, Motivations, Online communication
Automatic Acquisition of Sense Tagged Corpora

An important problem in Natural Language Processing is identifying the correct sense of a word in a particular context. Thus far, statistical methods have been considered the best techniques in word sense disambiguation. Unfortunately, these methods produce high accuracy results only for a small number of preselected words. The reduced applicability of statistical methods is due basically to the lack of widely available semantically tagged corpora. In this paper we present a method which enables the automatic acquisition of sense tagged corpora. It is based on (1) the information provided in WordNet, particularly the word definitions found within the glosses and (2) the information gathered from Internet using existing search engines.
Detailed Structural Analysis of Lipids Directly on Tissue Specimens Using a MALDI-SpiralTOF-Reflectron TOF Mass Spectrometer

Direct tissue analysis using a novel tandem time-of-flight (TOF-TOF) mass spectrometer is described. This system consists of a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization ion source, a spiral ion trajectory TOF mass spectrometer “SpiralTOF (STOF)”, a collision cell, and an offset parabolic reflectron (RTOF). The features of this system are high precursor ion selectivity due to a 17-m flight path length in STOF and elimination of post-source decay (PSD) ions. The acceleration energy is 20 keV, so that high-energy collision-induced dissociation (HE-CID) is possible. Elimination of PSD ions allows observation of the product ions inherent to the HE-CID process. By using this tandem TOF instrument, the product ion spectrum of lipids provided detailed structural information of fatty acid residues.
The Fairness of Assigning Group Members to Tasks

This work introduces and examines the concept of assignment-the process of determining which individuals will perform as members of a team on a given task. In a laboratory study, four assignment procedures (random, ability, personal influence, and personal influence with justification) were used to formally excuse approximately 30% of 137 undergraduates from participating in a second, longer research study. The random assignment procedure was perceived as most procedurally fair and resulted in the highest level of performance on the task used for the second study (a simple, number-finding task). Unassigned subjects (those excused from task performance) always perceived the assignment procedure to be as fair or fairer than the assigned subjects did in all four assignment conditions. Also, subjects felt it was fair to give an equal reward (extra-credit points) to both assigned and unassigned subjects even though assigned individuals were excused from performing additional tasks in the second research study. The implications of these findings for the group performance and organizational justice literatures, as well as for managers in general, are discussed.
University of Birmingham Heterogeneous hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharging to an urban river reach

The typically elevated natural attenuation capacity of riverbed - hyporheic zones is expected to decrease chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) groundwater plume discharges to river receptors through dechlorination reactions. The aim of this study was to assess physico-chemical processes controlling field-scale variation in riverbed – hyporheic zone dechlorination of a TCE groundwater plume discharge to an urban river reach. The 50-m long pool - riffle - glide reach of the River Tame in Birmingham (UK) studied is a heterogeneous high energy river environment. The shallow riverbed was instrumented with a detailed network of multilevel samplers. Freeze coring revealed a geologically heterogeneous and poorly sorted riverbed. A chlorine number reduction approach provided a quantitative indicator of CHC dechlorination. Three sub-reaches of contrasting behaviour were identified. Greatest dechlorination occurred in the riffle sub-reach that was characterised by hyporheic zone flows, moderate sulphate concentrations and pH, anaerobic conditions, low iron, but elevated manganese concentrations with evidence of sulphate reduction. Transient hyporheic zone flows allowing input to varying riverbed depths of organic matter is anticipated to be a key control. The glide sub-reach displayed negligible dechlorination attributed to the predominant groundwater baseflow discharge condition and absence of hyporheic zone, transition to more oxic conditions and elevated sulphate concentrations expected to inhibit dechlorination. The tail-of-pool-riffle sub-reach exhibited patchy dechlorination that was attributed to sub-reach complexities including significant flow bypass of a low permeability, high organic matter, silty unit of high dechlorination potential. A process-based conceptual model of reach-scale dechlorination variability was developed. Key findings of practitioner relevance were: riverbed – hyporheic zone CHC dechlorination may provide only a partial, patchy barrier to CHC groundwater plume discharges to a surface water receptor; and, monitoring requirements to assess the variability in CHC attenuation within a reach are expected to be onerous. Further research on transient hyporheic zone dechlorination is recommended.
Object and Concept Recognition for Content-Based Image Retrieval

Object and Concept Recognition for Content-Based Image Retrieval Yi Li Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Linda G. Shapiro Computer Science & Engineering The problem of recognizing classes of objects in images is important for annotation and indexing of image and video databases. Users of commercial CBIR systems prefer to pose their queries in terms of key words. To help automate the indexing process, we represent images as sets of feature vectors of multiple types of abstract regions, which come from various segmentation processes. With this representation, we have developed two new algorithms to recognize classes of objects and concepts in outdoor photographic scenes. The semi-supervised EM-variant algorithm models each abstract region as a mixture of Gaussian distributions over its feature space. The more powerful generative/discriminative learning algorithm is a two-phase method. The generative phase normalizes the description length of images, which can have an arbitrary number of extracted features. In the discriminative phase, a classifier learns which images, as represented by this fixed-length description, contain the target object. We have tested our approaches by experimenting with several different data sets and combinations of features. Our results showed a significant improvement over the published results.
BODY MASS INDEX IS A POOR PREDICTOR OF MALNUTRITION IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS.

OBJECTIVE Comparison between Subjective Global Assessment and Body Mass Index to determine the nutritional status in patients admitted in an Internal Medicine Service. METHODS Prospective, longitudinal, observational study of a population of 152 patients, using the Subjective Global Assessment and Body Mass Index. Plasma levels of albumin, functional capacity weight and income conditions were determined. Statistics: methods of chi-square test for univariate analysis, non-parametric tests and logistic regression were used. RESULTS 152 patients, of which 48.70% had malnutrition, moderate malnutrition 34.2% (group B) and 14.5% severe malnutrition (group C) were included. No association between Subjective Global Assessment and Body Mass Index was shown to determine nutritional status. MalnutrItion was associated with age over 60 years, male sex, and diagnosis of oncologic andinfectious diseases, as well as the level of functional ability. CONCLUSIONS Body Mass Index is not a suitable method to assess the impact of malnutrition in hospitalized patients compared with the Subjective Global Assessment.
Time–motion analysis of elite field hockey, with special reference to repeated-sprint activity

Limited information exists about the movement patterns of field-hockey players, especially during elite competition. Time–motion analysis was used to document the movement patterns during an international field-hockey game. In addition, the movement patterns of repeated-sprint activity were investigated, as repeated-sprint ability is considered to be an important fitness component of team-sport performance. Fourteen members of the Australian men's field-hockey team (age 26±3 years, body mass 76.7±5.6 kg, [Vdot]O2max 57.9±3.6 ml · kg−1 · min−1; mean±s) were filmed during an international game and their movement patterns were analysed. The majority of the total player game time was spent in the low-intensity motions of walking, jogging and standing (46.5±8.1, 40.5±7.0 and 7.4±0.9%, respectively). In comparison, the proportions of time spent in striding and sprinting were 4.1±1.1 and 1.5±0.6%, respectively. Our criteria for ‘repeated-sprint’ activity (defined as a minimum of three sprints, with mean recovery duration between sprints of less than 21 s) was met on 17 occasions during the game (total for all players), with a mean 4±1 sprints per bout. On average, 95% of the recovery during the repeated-sprint bouts was of an active nature. In summary, the results suggest that the motion activities of an elite field-hockey competition are similar to those of elite soccer, rugby and Australian Rules football. In addition, the investigation of repeated-sprint activity during competition has provided additional information about the unique physiological demands of elite field-hockey performance.
Immunogenicity of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein oligomers

Purpose of reviewWe summarize and discuss recent developments regarding the immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) oligomers, focusing, for the most part, on trimeric, recombinant protein immunogens. Recent findingsThe three-dimensional cryo-electron tomography images of the HIV-1 Env trimeric spike, coupled with previous data demonstrating the impact on envelope glycoprotein (gp120)–transmembrane glycoprotein (gp41) cleavage of the architecture of the Env trimers, provide exciting information that may lead to new avenues for novel immunogen design. Through new processes to map region-specific anti-Env antibodies present in immune serum, it is now possible to define antibody specificities against conformationally sensitive surfaces of Env. A number of strategies designed to counteract the immunodominance of the HIV-1 Env variable regions were attempted, and a recent study demonstrates that immunization with Env trimers provides sterilizing protection against mucosal challenge with virus. Importantly, protection against the challenge virus was associated with in-vitro HIV-1 neutralization titers. SummarySeveral studies within the past 18 months provide exciting structural information and the development of tools that have the potential to improve Env trimer design and the analysis of trimer immunogenicity studies. The ability to predict protection against a challenge virus through an in-vitro neutralization screen may be very helpful for evaluation of immunogens to move forward into clinical trials.
Robust neural force control with robot dynamic uncertainties under totally unknown environment

In this paper, a robust robot force tracking impedance control scheme that uses a neural network as a compensator is proposed. The proposed neural compensator has the capability of making the robot track a specified desired force as well as of compensating for uncertainties in environment location and stiffness, and the uncertainties in robot dynamics. The neural compensator is trained separately for free space motion and contact space motion control using two different training signals. The proposed training signal for force control can be used regardless of the environment profile in order to achieve desired force tracking. Simulation studies with three link rotary robot manipulator are carried out to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed scheme under uncertainties in robot dynamics, environment position and environment stiffness. The results show that excellent force tracking is achieved by the neural network.
A COMPARISON OF STUDENT SUCCESS IN UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-STOUT'S COMPUTER-BASED AND CLASSROOM-BASED INSTRUCTION

The Graduate College University of Wisconsin-Stout Menomonie, WI 54751 Grupe John Earl (Writer)(Last Name) (First) (Middle) A comparison of student success in University of Wisconsin – Stout’s self-paced curriculums and traditional classroom based instruction? (Title) Career and Technical Education (Graduate Major) Dr. Mike Galloy (Research Advisor) May, 2003 (Month/Year)
Typed and unambiguous pattern matching on strings using regular expressions

We show how to achieve typed and unambiguous declarative pattern matching on strings using regular expressions extended with a simple recording operator. We give a characterization of ambiguity of regular expressions that leads to a sound and complete static analysis. The analysis is capable of pinpointing all ambiguities in terms of the structure of the regular expression and report shortest ambiguous strings. We also show how pattern matching can be integrated into statically typed programming languages for deconstructing strings and reproducing typed and structured values. We validate our approach by giving a full implementation of the approach presented in this paper. The resulting tool, reg-exp-rec, adds typed and unambiguous pattern matching to Java in a standalone and non-intrusive manner. We evaluate the approach using several realistic examples.
Order of Nonlinearity as a Complexity Measure for Models Generated by Symbolic Regression via Pareto Genetic Programming

This paper presents a novel approach to generate data-driven regression models that not only give reliable prediction of the observed data but also have smoother response surfaces and extra generalization capabilities with respect to extrapolation. These models are obtained as solutions of a genetic programming (GP) process, where selection is guided by a tradeoff between two competing objectives - numerical accuracy and the order of nonlinearity. The latter is a novel complexity measure that adopts the notion of the minimal degree of the best-fit polynomial, approximating an analytical function with a certain precision. Using nine regression problems, this paper presents and illustrates two different strategies for the use of the order of nonlinearity in symbolic regression via GP. The combination of optimization of the order of nonlinearity together with the numerical accuracy strongly outperforms ldquoconventionalrdquo optimization of a size-related expressional complexity and the accuracy with respect to extrapolative capabilities of solutions on all nine test problems. In addition to exploiting the new complexity measure, this paper also introduces a novel heuristic of alternating several optimization objectives in a 2-D optimization framework. Alternating the objectives at each generation in such a way allows us to exploit the effectiveness of 2-D optimization when more than two objectives are of interest (in this paper, these are accuracy, expressional complexity, and the order of nonlinearity). Results of the experiments on all test problems suggest that alternating the order of nonlinearity of GP individuals with their structural complexity produces solutions that are both compact and have smoother response surfaces, and, hence, contributes to better interpretability and understanding.