Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Polyamines, arginine and nitric oxide.

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EFFECT OF USING COMMERCIAL ENZYMES ON PERFORMANCE AND SOME METABOLIC FUNCTIONS OF RABBITS FED GRADE LEVELS OF CRUDE FIBER BY

A total number of thirty two males and females, 35 to 40 days old growing New Zealand White (NWZ) rabbits were performed to investigate the effect of feeding rabbits on 8 diets with grade levels 10, 13, 16 and 19% of crude fiber (CF) incorporated with or without some enzymes (Caplix commercial product for multienzymes) supplementation at the level of 0.5 ml / 1 litter water (as recommended by producing company) on performance, digestibility, some metabolic functions and the economic efficiency. Rabbits were divided equally into 8 groups containing 4 rabbits each. Each group contained 4 replicates, of one rabbit. The first four treatment groups were distributed to contain 10, 13, 16 and 19% fiber levels without enzymes. While, the other four treatment groups were distributed to contain the same previous fiber levels with enzymes. The experiment was terminated when birds were 17 weeks old ( 12 weeks of treatments). Body weight, weight gain and feed intake were recorded. Feed conversion (feed / gain) was calculated. At the end of the experiment blood samples were taken to determine some blood serum constituents and rabbits were kept for the digestibility experiment. The economic efficiency values were calculated. The data revealed that, rabbits fed dietary containing low (10 and 13%) fiber levels either with or without enzymes improve live body weight and body gain as compared dietary with high (16 and 19%) levels of crude fiber. Adding enzymes supplemention improved body weight gain for rabbits fed dietary 10% CF during the entire period. Adding enzymes reduced feed intake for rabbits fed dietary CF at all levels (10, 13, 16 and 19 % ) compared with other same dietary CF without enzymes additions, during all experimental period. Feed conversion efficiency improved for rabbits fed (10 or 13 %) CF either with or without providing enzymes compared with rabbits fed high fiber diets (16 and 19% CF). Rabbits fed 10% CF and
Analyzing the Impact of Neighbor Sensing on the Performance of the OLSR protocol

This paper presents an analysis of several neighbor sensing approaches for the OLSR routing protocol. While several performance studies of OLSR proceed this work, few attention has been paid to the impact of neighbor sensing on the performance of ad hoc routing protocols. The goal of this article is to better understand how neighbor sensing can contribute to packet loss in an OLSR network and thus degrade the overall performance. Three neighbor sensing schemes are compared: the OLSR HELLO messaging protocol, Fast-OLSR and a link-layer feedback scheme that uses information of the 802.11 MAC to determine lost links. To allow more detailed analysis of the events occuring in the network we initially limit our simulation setup to a simple scenario. As a result we are able to seperate the loss of packets into loss due to the neighbor sensing mechanism used and loss due to the impact of neighbor sensing on the other protocol operations. In the second part of this paper we compare the performance of the link-layer feedback scheme to OLSR in a random waypoint scenario.
The Impact of Initial Gefitinib or Erlotinib versus Chemotherapy on Central Nervous System Progression in Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer with EGFR Mutations

Purpose: This retrospective study was undertaken to investigate the impact of initial gefitinib or erlotinib (EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, EGFR-TKI) versus chemotherapy on the risk of central nervous system (CNS) progression in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. Experimental Design: Patients with stage IV or relapsed NSCLC with a sensitizing EGFR mutation initially treated with gefitinib, erlotinib, or chemotherapy were identified. The cumulative risk of CNS progression was calculated using death as a competing risk. Results: One hundred and fifty-five patients were eligible (EGFR-TKI: 101, chemotherapy: 54). Twenty-four patients (24%) in the EGFR-TKI group and 12 patients (22%) in the chemotherapy group had brain metastases at the time of diagnosis of advanced NSCLC (P = 1.000); 32 of the 36 received CNS therapy before initiating systemic treatment. Thirty-three patients (33%) in the EGFR-TKI group and 26 patients (48%) in the chemotherapy group developed CNS progression after a median follow-up of 25 months. The 6-, 12-, and 24-month cumulative risk of CNS progression was 1%, 6%, and 21% in the EGFR-TKI group compared with corresponding rates of 7%, 19%, and 32% in the chemotherapy group (P = 0.026). The HR of CNS progression for upfront EGFR-TKI versus chemotherapy was 0.56 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34–0.94]. Conclusions: Our data show lower rates of CNS progression in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC patients initially treated with an EGFR-TKI compared with upfront chemotherapy. If validated, our results suggest that gefitinib and erlotinib may have a role in the chemoprevention of CNS metastases from NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 18(16); 4406–14. ©2012 AACR.
Das erstarrte Mobile: Eingefrorene Interaktionen in Familien nach traumatischen Verlusten

Ohne Frage: Zu den schwersten Traumatisierungen, die Menschen erfahren können, zählen die Misshandlungen und Vernachlässigungen in der eigenen Familie. Darüber hinaus wird jedoch oft unterschätzt, wie schwer es für Eltern und Kinder auch in anderen Kontexten sein kann, mit den Auswirkungen von traumatischem Stress umzugehen. Neben Überfällen, Verkehrsoder Haushaltsunfällen, Kriegsund Bürgerkriegserlebnissen, Bränden und Tierattacken zählen zu den Traumata von außen auch plötzliche Krankheitsoder Todesmitteilungen. Ereignisse mit traumatischem Potenzial können einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Psyche von Eltern und Kindern haben und auf die Art und Weise, wie sich Familien verhalten. Das erstarrte Mobile steht als Metapher für die Wechselwirkungen der eingefrorenen familiären Interaktion mit posttraumatischen dysfunktionalen Bewältigungsstrategien Einzelner.
Space-Time and Matter in the IIB Matrix Model - Gauge Symmetry and Diffeomorphism

We pursue a study of the type-IIB matrix model as a constructive definition of a superstring. In this paper, we justify the interpretation of space–time as being a distribution of eigenvalues of matrices by showing that some low-energy excitations indeed propagate in it. In particular, we show that if the distribution consists of small clusters of size n, low-energy theory acquires local SU(n) gauge symmetry, and a plaquette action for the associated gauge boson is induced. We finally argue a possible identification of the diffeomorphism symmetry with a permutation group acting on the set of eigenvalues, and show that general covariance is realized in the low-energy effective theory, even though we do not have a manifest general covariance in the IIB matrix model action.
Conventional Religious Behavior in Modern Japan: A Service Industry Perspective

This study employs a perspective of religious behavior based largely on classic deprivation theory and on the Stark and Bainbridge theory of religion. It is proposed that religions provide services, such as eschatological explanations, and hope and comfort, and that individual religiosity will increase as desire for these services increases. Survey data on religious beliefs and behavior collected by the Institute of Statistical Mathematics in Tokyo were used. Results lend partial support for the theoretical perspective. Some measures of an increased desire for these services were correlated with an increased likelihood of exhibiting related religious beliefs and behavior.
Resonant Dynamics of Nonlinear Optical Microdisks

An investigation into the relationship between two-photon-induced carrier dynamics and nonlinear optical resonance is carried out for an InP microdisk. A phenomenological model is developed and algebraic solutions are presented for the resulting bistability turn-on and turn-off transition points. It is shown that the offset between the operating wavelength and the un-illuminated resonance wavelength plays a critical role in defining the optical bus line intensity requirements at the input and the intensity contrast ratio at the output.
Nutrient Transporter Expression in the Jejunum in Relation to Body Mass Index in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery

Nutrient tranters (NT) facilitate nutrient absorption and contribute to the regulation of circulating nutrients. In this cross-sectional study, we determined the associations between the level of obesity; mRNA abundance for NTs; and serum concentrations of amino acids, short-chain fatty acids, and glucose in patients with morbid obesity undergoing a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Proximal jejunal samples were obtained at the time of surgery from 42 patients (90% female, age = 42.6 ± 11.9 years, pre-operative body mass index (BMI) = 55.5 ± 11.3 kg/m2) undergoing a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. RNA was extracted from the jejunal mucosa and quantitative real-time–PCR was performed for the NTs studied. BMI negatively correlated with jejunal mRNA abundance of the amino acid NTs TauT (r = −0.625, p < 0.0001), ASCT2 (r = −0.320, p = 0.039), LAT1 (r = −0.304, p = 0.05). BMI positively correlated with jejunal mRNA abundance of the lactate/short-chain fatty acid NT SMCT1 (r = 0.543, p = 0.0002). Serum concentrations of the short-chain fatty acids, butyric, valeric, and isocaproic acid correlated positively with BMI (n = 30) (r = 0.45, r = 0.44, r = 0.36, p ≤ 0.05; respectively). Lower jejunal mRNA abundance for the amino acid NTs TauT, ASCT2, and LAT1 could protect against further obesity-related elevations in circulating amino acids. The positive correlation between BMI and the jejunal mRNA abundance of the high-affinity short-chain fatty acid/monocarboxylate transporter SMCT1 is intriguing and requires further investigation.
Functional Analysis of KSRP Interaction with the AU-Rich Element of Interleukin-8 and Identification of Inflammatory mRNA Targets

ABSTRACT mRNA stability is a major determinant of inflammatory gene expression. Rapid degradation of interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA is imposed by a bipartite AU-rich element (ARE) in the 3′ untranslated region (R. Winzen et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:4835-4847, 2004). Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of the ARE-binding protein KSRP resulted in stabilization of IL-8 mRNA or of a β-globin reporter mRNA containing the IL-8 ARE. Rapid deadenylation was impaired, indicating a crucial role for KSRP in this step of mRNA degradation. The two IL-8 ARE domains both contribute to interaction with KSRP, corresponding to the importance of both domains for rapid degradation. Exposure to the inflammatory cytokine IL-1 has been shown to stabilize IL-8 mRNA through p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and MK2. IL-1 treatment impaired the interaction of KSRP with the IL-8 ARE in a manner dependent on p38 MAP kinase but apparently independent of MK2. Instead, evidence that TTP, a target of MK2, can also destabilize the IL-8 ARE reporter mRNA is presented. In a comprehensive approach to identify mRNAs controlled by KSRP, two criteria were evaluated by microarray analysis of (i) association of mRNAs with KSRP in pulldown assays and (ii) increased amounts in KSRP knockdown cells. According to both criteria, a group of 100 mRNAs is controlled by KSRP, many of which are unstable and encode proteins involved in inflammation. These results indicate that KSRP functions as a limiting factor in inflammatory gene expression.
Grand challenges in spatial-temporal computing on image flows

Summary form only given. One of the most difficult tasks, since the invention of the computer, has been the solution of nonlinear wave equations. Now, the broader problem is to make a computer operating on image flows as data and having elementary instructions as solving nonlinear wave equations. Interestingly, almost all of the living sensory systems have similar anatomies and physiology models. The cellular wave computer is doing this exactly. Their implementation is presently mostly 2D. A major challenge is a way to make it in 3D, and how to make it in nanoscale or by using non-electronic materials. These could lead to a new understanding of the complexity of computing, as well.
Neurite Sprouting and Synapse Deterioration in the Aging Caenorhabditis elegans Nervous System

Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful model for analysis of the conserved mechanisms that modulate healthy aging. In the aging nematode nervous system, neuronal death and/or detectable loss of processes are not readily apparent, but because dendrite restructuring and loss of synaptic integrity are hypothesized to contribute to human brain decline and dysfunction, we combined fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy (EM) to screen at high resolution for nervous system changes. We report two major components of morphological change in the aging C. elegans nervous system: (1) accumulation of novel outgrowths from specific neurons, and (2) physical decline in synaptic integrity. Novel outgrowth phenotypes, including branching from the main dendrite or new growth from somata, appear at a high frequency in some aging neurons, but not all. Mitochondria are often associated with age-associated branch sites. Lowered insulin signaling confers some maintenance of ALM and PLM neuron structural integrity into old age, and both DAF-16/FOXO and heat shock factor transcription factor HSF-1 exert neuroprotective functions. hsf-1 can act cell autonomously in this capacity. EM evaluation in synapse-rich regions reveals a striking decline in synaptic vesicle numbers and a diminution of presynaptic density size. Interestingly, old animals that maintain locomotory prowess exhibit less synaptic decline than same-age decrepit animals, suggesting that synaptic integrity correlates with locomotory healthspan. Our data reveal similarities between the aging C. elegans nervous system and mammalian brain, suggesting conserved neuronal responses to age. Dissection of neuronal aging mechanisms in C. elegans may thus influence the development of brain healthspan-extending therapies.
Evaluation of data assimilation on numerical weather prediction for Egypt

The objective of this work is to evaluate the use of data assimilation in numerical weather prediction for Egypt. Effects of different data assimilation options were studied for different weather regimes and at locations with different observation site densities. Effects on accuracy at the observational-data-void areas and at the locations with complex terrain were of prime concern. Five sets of simulations were performed based on different nudging options in summer and in winter. Four sets of observational stations were selected for data sampling locations based on their relative positions with respect to the assimilated observations. Errors were computed for the four observation sets. The best nudging options and areas with maximum effect on error were identified.
Critical requirement for cell cycle inhibitors in sustaining nonproliferative states

In adult vertebrates, most cells are not in the cell cycle at any one time. Physiological nonproliferation states encompass reversible quiescence and permanent postmitotic conditions such as terminal differentiation and replicative senescence. Although these states appear to be attained and maintained quite differently, they might share a core proliferation-restricting mechanism. Unexpectedly, we found that all sorts of nonproliferating cells can be mitotically reactivated by the sole suppression of histotype-specific cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors (CKIs) in the absence of exogenous mitogens. RNA interference–mediated suppression of appropriate CKIs efficiently triggered DNA synthesis and mitosis in established and primary terminally differentiated skeletal muscle cells (myotubes), quiescent human fibroblasts, and senescent human embryo kidney cells. In serum-starved fibroblasts and myotubes alike, cell cycle reactivation was critically mediated by the derepression of cyclin D–cdk4/6 complexes. Thus, both temporary and permanent growth arrest must be actively maintained by the constant expression of CKIs, whereas the cell cycle–driving cyclins are always present or can be readily elicited. In principle, our findings could find wide application in biotechnology and tissue repair whenever cell proliferation is limiting.
Components of a Pathway Maintaining Histone Modification and Heterochromatin Protein 1 Binding at the Pericentric Heterochromatin in Mammalian Cells*

Heterochromatin is a higher order chromatin structure that is important for transcriptional silencing, chromosome segregation, and genome stability. The establishment and maintenance of heterochromatin is regulated not only by genetic elements but also by epigenetic elements that include histone tail modification (e.g. acetylation and methylation) and DNA methylation. Here we show that the p33ING1-Sin3-HDAC complex as well as DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and DNMT1-associated protein 1 (DMAP1) are components of a pathway required for maintaining proper histone modification and heterochromatin protein 1 binding at the pericentric heterochromatin. p33ING1 and DMAP1 interact physically and co-localize to heterochromatin in the late S phase, and both are required for heterochromatin protein 1 binding to heterochromatin. Although the p33ING1-Sin3-HDAC and DMAP1-DNMT1 complexes are recruited independently to pericentric heterochromatin regions, they are both required for deacetylation of histones and methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9. These data support a cooperative model for histone deacetylation, methylation, and DNA methylation in maintaining pericentric heterochromatin structure throughout cell divisions.
Colorectal cancer screening among men and women in the United States.

BACKGROUND A few previous studies have shown that men were more likely than women to be screened for colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS The 2000 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) was administered to 32,374 adults > or = 18 years of age. Participants were asked if they ever had a sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy and if they ever had a home fecal occult blood test (FOBT). Men and women > or = 50 years were eligible for analysis. Participants were considered to be current in testing if they reported sigmoidoscopy in the last 5 years, colonoscopy in the last 10 years, or home FOBT in the last 1 year. RESULTS Overall, 62.9% of adults had ever had CRC testing, and 37.1% were current for testing. Compared to older men, a greater proportion of older women were not current for testing (62.6% for women vs. 56.7% for men > 75 years). In multivariate analysis, women were not less likely than men to be current in CRC testing (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.88-1.08). When compared with white women, black women were less likely to be current for CRC screening (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65-0.95). CONCLUSIONS CRC screening is underused. Targeting interventions to improve CRC screening for all appropriate patients will be important.
Entreprises et modes d'accueil de la petite enfance: innovation et diversification

Depuis 2004, par la mise en place ou l’ouverture de dispositifs financiers au secteur prive 1 , les Caisses d'allocations familiales peuvent soutenir f inancierement les entreprises qui souhaitent creer ou developper une creche pour accueillir les jeunes enfants de leurs salaries. La participation des entreprises s’effectue essentiellement sous deux fo rmes : les creches d’entreprises et les entreprises de creches. Les premieres creent des places d’accueil pour les enfants de leurs salaries ; les secondes prennent en charge le travail de gestion des creche s quelles soient municipales, associatives ou privees. L’analyse de ces formes de participation e st cruciale pour souligner les logiques mises a l’œuvre et le role joue par les acteurs publics (Ca f, Conseil general, Mairie) dans la regulation de l’accueil des jeunes enfants. L’etude presentee par le LEST est la premiere etude realisee sur cette question, nouvelle dans le champ de la petite enfance. Elle s’inscrit dans la reflexion institutionnelle engagee 2 sur l’evolution depuis les annees quatre-vingt-dix des politiques e n matiere de modes de garde, vers une offre de service « privee » (assistantes maternelles, garde a domicile etc). Les resultats presentes ici ne pretendent pas a l’exhaustivite mais ont pour ambit ion de souligner les impacts des differentes formes de participation sur la gouvernance des modes d’acc ueil de la petite enfance. Le dossier se compose de trois parties. Dans la pre miere partie les chercheuses exposent leurs questionnements, leurs investigations de terrain ai nsi que les mesures en faveur de l’investissement des entreprises. Dans la deuxieme partie, elles dec rivent les resultats de leurs travaux en soulignan t la multiplicite des formes de participation et les enjeux pour les differentes parties prenantes. Dans la troisieme partie, elles soulignent les impacts de c es structures sur la gouvernance des modes d’accueil de la petite enfance et analysent les fac teurs incitatifs/freins au developpement de cette forme de participation des entreprises a l’accueil des jeunes enfants.
IMPACT OF TOPOLOGY CHANGES IN VIDEO SEGMENTATION EVALUATION

This work addresses the problem of studying and characterizing topology changes between resulting and reference segmentation masks in video sequences. In particular, the goal of this paper is to examine the impact of individual and combined artifacts found in video object segmentation applications (e.g., added regions and holes). Added regions and holes artifacts are synthetically generated and inserted in a segmentation mask. We performed a psychophysical experiment in which human subjects were asked to rate the annoyance of the generated artifacts when presented alone or in combination. The results show how individual objective metrics can be derived and how an overall objective metric can be predicted by linearly combining individual segmentation errors for a specific video content.