Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2 D open-source editing techniques for 3 D laser scans

Recent technological advances in terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) allow for rapid collection of massive amounts of point cloud data for various cultural heritage, archaeological, and engineering applications. Commercial packages designed to edit these data in 3D environments are generally proprietary, require high-end computing platforms to run effectively, and in many cases, have shortcomings when dealing with imaging artifacts encountered in typical field environments. We present a method to edit TLS data using common 2D image editing techniques and software, providing powerful data processing techniques while easing the learning curve. This methodology provides an intuitive approach for simple clipping edits as well as non-traditional edits using color value, intensity, and range, which can be selectively grouped and screened. While these methods are not intended to replace 3D editing tools, they provide users with the ability to process their data swiftly in straight-forward and cost-effective ways. The application of this method is demonstrated on TLS data collected at the Palazzo Medici in Florence, Italy in 2008.
Be Careful! A Short Note on a Possible Bias in (Trade) Structural Change Analysys

I was accustomed to think that the world, in this of "modern economic growth", is becoming less specialized: the invention of new goods is, only partially, a "Schumpeterian" process, in the sense that new goods sometimes replace old ones, but it can also happens that these new goods simply are added to the old ones. Also in modern theoretical literature emerges (at least) the idea that producers use an increasing variety of intermediate goods and that consumers are likely better with more variety of goods in their hands. The process of change in the produced/consumed goods is one of the aspects of the broader spectrum of economic structural change that accompanies economic growth, "structural change" being one of the basic stylized facts of growth according to the Nobel Lecture of Simon Kuznets. In this paper, I will suggest that sector disaggregated data, necessary to study structural change, contain a bias that "hides" this process and causes a drift. By using trade data (because of their higher sector disaggregation richness) I'll first show that there is a tendency for a steady increase in sector concentration. Next, I will argue that this is due to the impossibility to properly register product innovation and finally, through a very rough model and an empirical example of two countries, I will also suggest that this reflects differently in developing and developed countries.
Cost-driven service provisioning in hybrid clouds

Hybrid clouds, which comprise nodes both in a private cloud and in a public cloud, have emerged as a new model for service providers to deploy their services. However, given Quality-of-Service requirements for each service, the question of on how many private and public nodes to deploy the services in the most cost-effective way remains to be answered. The challenges faced in the hybrid cloud stem from the disparate time-varying requests across multiple services, the different cost structures of both types of nodes, and the performance characteristics of nodes. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to dynamically optimize the allocation of private and public nodes across services, with special focus on the performance-cost tradeoff between private and public nodes. The algorithm is based on an analytical cost-performance framework for service deployment in hybrid clouds. Our evaluation results based on trace-driven simulation show that our proposed node allocation algorithm can effectively achieve a good cost-performance ratio, compared to the deployment of purely public and private cloud.
Integrated Children's Centres: Overcoming Barriers to Truly Integrated Services

Introduction 1. Why Sure Start Children's Centres 2. The Background 3. Lessons from Abroad 4. Education 5. Health 6. Social Services 7. The Voluntary Sector 8. Training, Education and Employment 9. Parental Involvement 10. Children's Centre Leadership 11. High Quality Leadership and the Early Years Professional Status Award 12. Accountability and Inspection Conclusion 13. Conclusion
strus Synchronization and Periconceptual Supplementation Affect the Profitability of a Replacement Heifer Enterprise 1 , 2

Experiments evaluated estrus synchronization and periconceptual supplementation on pregnancy rate and calf production. Approximately one-half of heifers in 2 pastures (yr 1) or 4 pastures (yr 2) were injected with prostaglandin F2α (PGF; n = 1,182) or not (NPGF; n = 1,208) 5 d after fertile bulls were introduced for 25 d. In yr 2, a total of 1,230 heifers were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 pastures; 2 received a supplement providing 100 g/d of Ca propionate (1.4 kg/d, 20% CP) 2 d before through 19 d after bull exposure and 2 did not in a 25-d breeding season. Pregnancy rate was reduced (P < 0.01) in the PGF-synchronized heifers relative to the NPGF heifers (73.7 vs. 78.3% for PGF and NPGF, respectively. Approximately 10% more (P < 0.01) PGF-synchronized heifers that became pregnant calved in the first 21 d. Subsequently, weaning weight and the value of steer calves from PGF dams tended to be greater (P < 0.10) than those of steer calves from NPGF dams. Supplemented heifers were heavier (P < 0.05) at pregnancy diagnosis; however, pregnancy rate was unaffected (P > 0.10). Calf birth weight was greater (P < 0.05) for calves from dams receiving the Ca propionate supplement, but weaning weight and calf value were similar (P > 0.10). In this study, injection of PGF in a 25-d breeding season improved synchrony of calving and increased steer calf weaning weight and value; however, supplemental nutrition during the periconceptual period was of limited value.
Automated synthesis of asynchronous event-based interfaces for neuromorphic systems

We present an automated design approach that leverages the commonly available digital design tools in order to rapidly synthesize asynchronous event-based interface circuits from behavioral VHDL code. As part of the proposed design approach, we describe a verification methodology that is able to reveal early in the design process potential timing failures in the generated circuits. Due to the fast design cycle, the approach presented allows designers to quickly explore different architectures for asynchronous circuits and compare them using quantitative metrics based for example on power consumption or silicon area. We validated the proposed design method by synthesizing asynchronous interface circuits for a neuromorphic multi-neuron architecture, and fabricating the VLSI device. We present data from silicon that demonstrates the correct operation of the automatically generated circuits.
Fluctuation kinetics in a multispecies reaction-diffusion system

We study fluctuation effects in a two-species reaction - diffusion system, with three competing reactions , and . Asymptotic density decay rates are calculated for using two separate methods - the Smoluchowski approximation and also field-theoretic - renormalization group (RG) techniques. Both approaches predict power-law decays, with exponents which depend asymptotically only on the ratio of diffusion constants, and not on the reaction rates. Furthermore, we find that, for d < 2, the Smoluchowski approximation and the RG improved tree level give identical exponents. However, whereas the Smoluchowski approach cannot easily be improved, we show that the RG provides a systematic method for incorporating additional fluctuation effects. We demonstrate this advantage by evaluating one-loop corrections for the exponents in d < 2 and find good agreement with simulations and exact results.
Bilingual Education and Social Change

Bilingual education and social change - "It's much more than language" societal discourses surrounding bilingual education in the United States - a historical perspective school as cultural communication system - the example of mainstream US educational discourse the discursive construction of Oyster bilingual school - a framework for analysis the need for alternative - the Oyster perspective "It's like a community that crosses language, cultural and class lines" learning and teaching at Oyster bilingual school a focus on inclusion micro-level classroom interaction - a reflection of the macro-level struggle gaining the right to participate - a classroom analysis beyond Oyster bilingual school - implications for research and practice.
Galaxies and clusters around and in front of radio sources

Some recent work on radio source fields at z~0.7 and z~4 is discussed. At z~0.7 we find that radio-loud quasars are typically found in moderately rich environments independent of radio luminosity, consistent with previous results at z~0.5. In the field of the z=4.41 radio galaxy 6C0140+326 we find several candidate z>4 galaxies using the Lyman-break technique, two of which have detectable UV absorption features. In two z>4 radio galaxies, we find evidence for gravitational lensing affecting the fluxes by a few tens of percent, although we cannot rule out unusual lensing events which have larger magnifications associated with them. A simple calculation suggests lensing of z>4 radio sources should be very common.
The research of classified method of the network traffic in security access platform based on decision tree

Information security access platform is a core security practices of foundation to construct security access platform system of smart grid, and undertake a various important function of real-time monitoring, security access, secure data transmission and exchange, active defense in all kinds of complex network environments. However, the monitoring of network traffic classification is directly related to the electric power information network in smart grid environment has a far-reaching significance; this page is showing aiming at the problem of instability in traditional traffic classification methods, a traffic classification method based on C4.5 decision tree is proposed, which establishes models on the information gain ratio from the training set. Classifier is tested by attributes on test dataset, as well as network traffic is classified by searching classification models; Experiments show that the overall accuracy of our method achieves more than 93% , and the accuracy signal class is more than 90% on open dataset. So the method is effective for classifying various kinds of traffic.
A Model for Rearchitecting Frameworks

Software rearchitecting is the process of obtaining a documented architecture for an existing system. There are many software rearchitecting frameworks which are based upon different concepts and context-related issues for a specific application or programming language, such as Rigi, Ciao, SPOOL, and Symphony, and Software Rearchitecting Action Framework (SRAF). Most of the frameworks focus on the reverse engineering process of source code. They neglect the role of stakeholders in enhancing and developing their systems. This paper presents a systematic analysis and comparative study for rearchitecting frameworks using generic architecture characteristics or elements. Based on the major requirements that should be available in the rearchitecting frameworks, the comparative study proceeds. An efficient model is proposed based on the trends that resulted from the comparative analysis. It considers the evaluation criteria of the compared frameworks. Conclusions and remarks are highlighted.
A POMDP Approach to Influence Diagram Evaluation

We propose a node-removal/arc-reversal algorithm for influence diagram evaluation that includes reductions that allow an influence diagram to be solved by a generalization of the dynamic programming approach to solving partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). Among its potential advantages, the algorithm allows a more flexible ordering of node removals, and a POMDP-inspired approach to optimizing over hidden state variables, which can improve the scalability of influence diagram evaluation in solving complex, multi-stage problems. It also finds a more compact representation of an optimal strategy.
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS): Is It Preventable or Inevitable?

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is a systemic, dysfunctional inflammatory response that requires long intensive care unit (ICU) stay. It is characterized with high mortality rate depending on the number of organs involved. It has been recognized that organ failure does not occur as an all-or-none rule, but rather a range of organ dysfunction exists resulting in clinical organ failure. In the absence of a gold standard scoring or tool for early diagnosis or prediction of MODS, a novel bio-clinical scoring is mandatory. Moreover, understanding the pathophysiology of MODS in medical, surgical and trauma, ICUs should take a priority to achieve a favorable outcome. Herein we reviewed the literatures published in English language through the research engines (MEDLINE, Scopus, and EBASE) from 1982 to 2011 using key words: “multiorgan dysfunction”, “organ failure”, “intensive care units” to highlight the definition, mechanism, diagnosis and prediction of MODS particularly at its earliest stages. Bring up new bio-clinical scoring to a stage where it is ready for field trials will pave the way for implementing new risk-stratification strategy in the intensive care to reduce the morbidity and mortality and save resources. Prospective studies are needed to answer our question and to shift MODS from an inevitable to a preventable disorder.
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) in Schizophrenia: A Review

Epidemiological studies and mouse models suggest that maternal immune activation, induced clinically through prenatal exposure to one of several infectious diseases, is a risk factor in the development of schizophrenia. This is supported by the strong genetic association established by genome wide association studies (GWAS) between the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus and schizophrenia. HLA proteins (also known in mice as the major histocompatibility complex; MHC) are mediators of the T-lymphocyte responses, and genetic variability is well-established as a risk factor for autoimmune diseases and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Taken together, the findings strongly suggest that schizophrenia risk in a subgroup of patients is caused by an infectious disease, and/or an autoimmune phenomenon. However, this view may be overly simplistic. First, MHC proteins have a non-immune effect on synaptogenesis by modulating synaptic pruning by microglia and other mechanisms, suggesting that genetic variability could be compromising this physiological process. Second, some GWAS signals in the HLA locus map near non-HLA genes, such as the histone gene cluster. On the other hand, recent GWAS data show association signals near B-lymphocyte enhancers, which lend support for an infectious disease etiology. Thus, although the genetic findings implicating the HLA locus are very robust, how genetic variability in this region leads to schizophrenia remains to be elucidated.
TASK SCHEDULING IN MULTIPROCESSOR SYSTEM USING FORK-JOIN METHOD (TSFJ)

The performance of the multiprocessor system depends on how the tasks are scheduled in multiprocessors. If we allocate tasks wisely then we can get good performance of the system. The primary goal of task scheduling in multiprocessor system is to minimize the total execution time, so that we can achieve maximum speed-up and efficiency. The application program is represented by directed acyclic graph (DAG) in scheduling problem. In this paper, we have proposed an algorithm for task scheduling in multiprocessor system based on forkjoin method. Tasks are allocated to the processors follows fork-join structure. The performance of the TSFJ algorithm is measured based on scheduling length, speedup and efficiency. Further, we have shown the comparative study between TSFJ algorithm and heuristic algorithms.
Estimated risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer from pediatric CT.

OBJECTIVE In light of the rapidly increasing frequency of pediatric CT examinations, the purpose of our study was to assess the lifetime cancer mortality risks attributable to radiation from pediatric CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Organ doses as a function of age-at-diagnosis were estimated for common CT examinations, and estimated attributable lifetime cancer mortality risks (per unit dose) for different organ sites were applied. Standard models that assume a linear extrapolation of risks from intermediate to low doses were applied. On the basis of current standard practice, the same exposures (milliampere-seconds) were assumed, independent of age. RESULTS The larger doses and increased lifetime radiation risks in children produce a sharp increase, relative to adults, in estimated risk from CT. Estimated lifetime cancer mortality risks attributable to the radiation exposure from a CT in a 1-year-old are 0.18% (abdominal) and 0.07% (head)-an order of magnitude higher than for adults-although those figures still represent a small increase in cancer mortality over the natrual background rate. In the United States, of approximately 600,000 abdominal and head CT examinations annually performed in children under the age of 15 years, a rough estimate is that 500 of these individuals might ultimately die from cancer attributable to the CT radiation. CONCLUSION The best available risk estimates suggest that pediatric CT will result in significantly increased lifetime radiation risk over adult CT, both because of the increased dose per milliampere-second, and the increased lifetime risk per unit dose. Lower milliampere-second settings can be used for children without significant loss of information. Although the risk-benefit balance is still strongly tilted toward benefit, because the frequency of pediatric CT examinations is rapidly increasing, estimates that quantitative lifetime radiation risks for children undergoing CT are not negligible may stimulate more active reduction of CT exposure settings in pediatric patients.
An assessment of climate variation risks on agricultural production: Perceptions and adaptation options in Benin

– The purpose of this paper is to assess the local communities' perception of climate variation effects on crop production and the adopted strategies by farmers in order to cope with the negative effects of climate on the agriculture in the coastal zone of Benin. , – A total of 290 agricultural households were sampled and surveyed through structured interviews. The principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the relative frequencies citation of perceived climate variation indication in order to describe the relationship between risk perceptions according to socio‐demographic characteristics. The relative frequency of citation was calculated according to age, gender, ethnic group and agro‐ecological region. , – Results showed that almost 83 per cent of the respondents already perceived the climate change risks through several indications. Climate variation perception varied with respect to age. Respondents' opinion regarding climate variation causes depended generally on their age, religion and level of education. As far as climate variation risks impact on crop production is concerned, the respondents' opinions diverged. , – The assessment of local communities' perception is important to design participatory and sustainable measures to cope with harmful effects of climate variation on crop production.
Wound Healing Problems in the Mouth

Wound healing is a primary survival mechanism that is largely taken for granted. The literature includes relatively little information about disturbed wound healing, and there is no acceptable classification describing wound healing process in the oral region. Wound healing comprises a sequence of complex biological processes. All tissues follow an essentially identical pattern to complete the healing process with minimal scar formation. The oral cavity is a remarkable environment in which wound healing occurs in warm oral fluid containing millions of microorganisms. The present review provides a basic overview of the wound healing process and with a discussion of the local and general factors that play roles in achieving efficient would healing. Results of oral cavity wound healing can vary from a clinically healed wound without scar formation and with histologically normal connective tissue under epithelial cells to extreme forms of trismus caused by fibrosis. Many local and general factors affect oral wound healing, and an improved understanding of these factors will help to address issues that lead to poor oral wound healing.
A new criteria for comparing neural networks and Bayesian classifier

The classification in high dimension spaces remains the essential problem for pattern recognition because of the limited samples' size. Indeed, the dimension reduction is often required in the first step. For complexity and simplicity reasons, the linear methods are the most commonly used ones. The neural techniques can achieve a non-linear dimension reduction, which is qualified by the non-parametric methods. These neural techniques are opposed to recent ones that try to find a sub space in which the data are well presented. Thus, the neural approach offers some flexibility and a tangible usefulness as it often presents the technological solution. However, the lack of control over its mathematical formulation explains the instability of its classification results. We propose in this paper a comparative study between the statistical and the neural approaches. The core of this study is based on the bias and variance of the error rate. Experimentation is performed on simulations and handwritten digit images.
Enhancement of Oracle's Indexing Capabilities through GiST-implemented Access Methods

Indexing is one of the most important tool for efficiency enhancement, available in DMBS today. The necessity of speeding up queries in very large database systems is unquestioned. The use of new-fashioned technologies and applications such as Multimedia, E-Commerce or Geographic Information Systems in combination with commercial database systems show the shortness of current indexing mechanism. This technical report introduces a possible way out of this dilemma. We make use of Oracle’s Data Cartridge technology in combination with the GiST-framework, so that we are able to index any kind of data with any kind of balanced index trees.