Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oleogels as a Fat Substitute in Food: A Current Review

Fats and oils in food give them flavor and texture while promoting satiety. Despite the recommendation to consume predominantly unsaturated lipid sources, its liquid behavior at room temperature makes many industrial applications impossible. Oleogel is a relatively new technology applied as a total or partial replacement for conventional fats directly related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and inflammatory processes. Some of the complications in developing oleogels for the food industry are finding structuring agents Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS), viable economically, and that do not compromise the oleogel palatability; thus, many studies have shown the different possibilities of applications of oleogel in food products. This review presents applied oleogels in foods and recent proposals to circumvent some disadvantages, as reaching consumer demand for healthier products using an easy-to-use and low-cost material can be intriguing for the food industry.
The Grade of Dried Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Junzao) Affects Its Quality Attributes, Antioxidant Activity, and Volatile Aroma Components

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. cv. Junzao) has attracted a large number of consumers because it is rich in nutrients, such as carbohydrates, organic acids, and amino acids. Dried jujube is more conducive to storage and transportation, and has a more intense flavor. Consumers are affected by subjective factors, and the most important factor is the appearance of the fruit, including size and color. In this study, fully matured jujubes were dried and divided into five grades according to their transverse diameter and jujube number per kilogram. In addition, the quality attributes, antioxidant activities, mineral elements, and volatile aroma components of dried jujube were further analyzed. As the dried jujube grade increased, the total flavonoid content increased, which was positively correlated with the antioxidant activity. The results showed that small dried jujube had a higher total acidity and lower sugar–acid ratio than large and medium dried jujube, thus, large and medium dried jujube had a better flavor than small dried jujube. However, the antioxidant activity and mineral elements of medium and small dried jujube were superior to large dried jujube. From the edible value analysis of dried jujube, medium and small dried jujube were better than large dried jujube. Potassium is the highest among the measured mineral elements, with contents ranging from 10,223.80 mg/kg to 16,620.82 mg/kg, followed by Ca and Mg. Twenty-nine volatile aroma components of dried jujube were identified by GC–MS analysis. The main volatile aroma components were acids including n-decanoic acid, benzoic acid, and dodecanoic acid. The fruit size affected the quality attributes, antioxidant activity, mineral elements, and volatile aroma components of dried jujube. This study provided a piece of reference information for further high-quality production of dried jujube fruit.
Response and Resistance to Trametinib in MAP2K1-Mutant Triple-Negative Melanoma

The development of targeted therapies for non-BRAF p.Val600-mutant melanomas remains a challenge. Triple wildtype (TWT) melanomas that lack mutations in BRAF, NRAS, or NF1 form 10% of human melanomas and are heterogeneous in their genomic drivers. MAP2K1 mutations are enriched in BRAF-mutant melanoma and function as an innate or adaptive resistance mechanism to BRAF inhibition. Here we report the case of a patient with TWT melanoma with a bona fide MAP2K1 mutation without any BRAF mutations. We performed a structural analysis to validate that the MEK inhibitor trametinib could block this mutation. Although the patient initially responded to trametinib, he eventually progressed. The presence of a CDKN2A deletion prompted us to combine a CDK4/6 inhibitor, palbociclib, with trametinib but without clinical benefit. Genomic analysis at progression showed multiple novel copy number alterations. Our case illustrates the challenges of combining MEK1 and CDK4/6 inhibitors in case of resistance to MEK inhibitor monotherapy.
Geodesy by radio interferometry: Effects of atmospheric modeling errors on estimates of baseline length

Analysis of very long baseline interferometry data indicates that systematic errors in prior estimates of baseline length, of order 5 cm for ∼ 8000-km baselines, were due primarily to mismodeling of the electrical path length of the troposphere and mesosphere (“atmospheric delay”). Here we discuss observational evidence for the existence of such errors in the previously used models for the atmospheric delay and develop a new “mapping” function for the elevation angle dependence of this delay. The delay predicted by this new mapping function differs from ray trace results by less than ∼ 5 mm, at all elevations down to 5° elevation, and introduces errors into the estimates of baseline length of ≲ 1 cm, for the multistation intercontinental experiment analyzed here.
A new mathematical model of rigid boundary in shear flows

The present investigation is devoted to the revealing of the physical essence of the action of the rigid boundary on the linear dynamics of perturbations in plane shear flows. A new mathematical approach is proposed which accurately and completely replaces the horizontal rigid boundary by the actions of certain localized sources placed on the plane of the boundary (z = 0) in the original/canonical shear flow dynamical equations for wave and vortex mode perturbations, i.e. for perturbations with zero and nonzero potential vorticity. The approach is elaborated on the example of the well-known problem of geophysical hydrodynamics—the linear dynamics of perturbations in semi-infinite ( z⩾0 ) flow of stratified rotating fluid with a vertical shear of velocity, {U}0(Az,0,0) , zero beta, β = 0, and horizontal rigid boundary at z = 0—which analytical wave and vortex mode solutions are well-known and serve as the reference solutions of our model equations. From the beginning, we have replaced the rigid boundary with localized sources for vortices and wave modes separately. The sources are the sum of the delta function and its first derivative the coefficients in front of which were unknown at this stage. In what follows, we accurately calculated these coefficients and thus determined the exact expressions for localized sources. Subsequent mathematical analysis showed that the localized sources give rise to new perturbations which can be labeled as secondary. The revealed physical essence of the action of the rigid boundary is as follows: being the external (localized) source of the analyzed open complex flow system, the rigid boundary puts an additional energy into perturbation harmonics that becomes an important power supplier supporting the linear dynamics of the system under study. Namely, the rigid boundary rearranges the vortex component via exciting new/secondary perturbations, which, superimposing with the main/primary perturbations of the flow, ensures zeroing of perturbations in the area z < 0 and, at the same time, provides the growth of the wave component in the area z⩾0 coinciding with the well-known analytical solution of the canonical approach. From a general point of view, the following is important: In the existing/classical trend of studying the dynamics of perturbations in bounded shear flows, the actions of the flow boundary/boundaries and the flow shear are not delimited from each other. Whereas, the proposed new mathematical approach delimits them highlighting the action of the boundary on the linear dynamics of wave and vortex modes of perturbations.
On the stability of laminar flow of a dusty gas

The equations describing the motion of a gas carrying small dust particles are given and the equations satisfied by small disturbances of a steady laminar flow are derived. The effect of the dust is described by two parameters; the concentration of dust and a relaxation time τ which measures the rate at which the velocity of a dust particle adjusts to changes in the gas velocity and depends upon the size of the individual particles. It is shown that if the dust is fine enough for τ to be small compared with a characteristic time scale associated with the flow, then the addition of dust destabilizes a gas flow; whereas if the dust is coarse so that τ is relatively large, then the dust has a stabilizing action. For plane parallel flow, it is shown that the stability characteristics for a dusty gas are still determined by solutions of the Orr-Sommerfeld equation, but with the basic velocity profile replaced by a modified profile which is in general complex. A simple, although unrealistic, example is used to illustrate some features of the action of dust. It is intended to describe the solution of the modified Orr-Sommerfeld equation for plane Poiseuille flow in a later paper.
Doing the Four-Step Right

Our response to Hayduk and Glaser will principally focus on their critique of the four-step procedure. Hayduk and Glaser project things into the four-step procedure that are not part of its conception. They fail to see the implicit context in which those who use this particular four-step procedure operate, which qualifies its application. They also have misunderstandings about the rationale for the procedure and read too much of exploratory factor analysis into its use. Hayduk (1996) proposed a method for doing structural equation modeling with as few as one or two indicators per latent variable, which he feels is incompatible with the factor-analytic underpinnings of the four-step procedure and which motivates him further to seek its overthrow. He did not clarify this sufficiently on SEMNET, so we have been compelled to read Hayduk (1996) to better understand his position, and we will point out some limitations of it from our own point of view. We further argue that Hayduk’s (1996) advocacy of the use of fixed parameters in sparse measurement models is not a viable general alternative to the use of multiple indicators. Hayduk also believed the usual . 05 level of significance in testing the exact fit of models favors the null hypothesis. He recommended that the significance level for a chi-square test be set at . 75. We show this recommendation to be incoherent with the idea of a significance test and further show it to be unnecessary because, on the contrary, in most studies the null hypothesis is likely to be rejected. STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING,7(1), 36–73 Copyright © 2000, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Review of Aging Evaluation Methods for Silicone Rubber Composite Insulators

Silicone rubber insulation material is widely used for the external insulation of power systems. During the continuous service of a power grid, it will be seriously aged due to the influence of high voltage electric fields and harsh climate environments, which will reduce its insulation performance and service life and cause transmission line failure. How to evaluate the aging performance of silicone rubber insulation materials scientifically and accurately is a hot and difficult issue in the industry. Starting from the composite insulator, which is the most widely used insulating device of silicone rubber insulation materials, this paper expounds the aging mechanism of silicone rubber materials, analyzes the applicability and effectiveness of various existing aging tests and evaluation methods, especially discusses the magnetic resonance detection methods emerging in recent years, and finally summarizes the characterization and evaluation technology of the aging state of silicone rubber insulation materials.
Differential lncRNA/mRNA expression profiling and ceRNA network analyses in amniotic fluid from foetuses with ventricular septal defects

Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes in embryonic development. We aimed to explore lncRNA expression profiles in ventricular septal defects (VSDs) and reveal their potential roles in heart development. Methods Microarray analyses were performed to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) in the amniotic fluid between the VSD group and the control group. Bioinformatics analyses were further used to identify the functional enrichment and signaling pathways of important mRNAs. Then, a coding–noncoding gene coexpression (CNC) network and competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network were drawn. Finally, qRT‒PCR was performed to verify several hub lncRNAs and mRNAs in the network. Results A total of 710 DE-lncRNAs and 397 DE-mRNAs were identified in the VSD group. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the DE-mRNAs were enriched in cardiac development-related biological processes and pathways, including cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway. Four VSD related mRNAs was used to construct the CNC network, which included 149 pairs of coexpressing lncRNAs and mRNAs. In addition, a ceRNA network, including 15 lncRNAs, 194 miRNAs, and four mRNAs, was constructed to reveal the potential regulatory relationship between lncRNAs and protein-coding genes. Finally, seven RNAs in the ceRNA network were validated, including IDS, NR2F2, GPC3, LINC00598, GATA3-AS1, PWRN1, and LINC01551. Conclusion Our study identified some lncRNAs and mRNAs may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for foetuses with VSD, and described the lncRNA-associated ceRNA network in the progression of VSD.
Generalization of the Ratiometric Method to Extend pH Range Measurements of the BCECF Probe

There is a variety of fluorescent probes for pH measurements and which are mainly used for biological systems. In general, they can be classified into two groups. The first group includes fluorescent pH probes which exhibit a single fluorescence emission peak. For these probes, the fluorescence excitation profile is pH-dependent and the shape of the emission spectra remains almost constant. Hence, the ratiometric pH measurement–which makes pH determination independent of the probe concentration-is implemented when the excitation is performed at two excitation wavelengths and the fluorescence emission is measured at one wavelength. The second group exhibits a dual fluorescence emission peak. Here, each protonated or deprotonated form exhibits characteristics emission and/or absorption spectra. Shifts between spectra obtained for protonated and deprotonated species can be exploited in order to perform a ratiometric measurement. In this study we present a methodology that evaluates the precision of the ratiometric measurements based on multiple wavelengths excitation to determine the optimum wavelengths combination for pH determination in biological samples. This methodology using the BCECF probe is applied to measure the pH drift in cell culture medium. It exhibits a high precision and significantly extends the range of validity for pH measurements spanning from very acidic to basic.
A D-Band Transceiver with On-Chip Multi-Port Radiators and Leakage Cancellation in 45nm SOI

In this work, we present a 140 GHz transceiver front-end in 45 nm SOI CMOS technology. The transceiver is intended for FMCW or PMCW radar applications in D-band. The transmitter employs on-antenna and in-air power combining using two multi-feed on-chip slot dipoles to achieve a measured peak EIRP of 15 dBm without the use of backside cavities or dielectric lenses. The receiver is based on a single-feed dual-slot on-chip antenna configuration with a power combining network to partially cancel TX/RX leakage and avoid blocking of the LNA. The proposed transceiver consumes 452 mA from a 1.8V supply and measures 2.5 mm x 2 mm. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it represents the first transceiver frontend which employs on-antenna- and in-air combining as well as leakage cancellation at D-band frequencies.
Mechanoluminescent SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy phosphor for use in visualization of quasidynamic crack propagation

The propagation of a macroscale crack was visualized in Mg partially stabilized zirconia ceramic using the mechanoluminescence (ML) of SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy. The transformation zone around the crack was also clearly detected by the ML. The ML technique permitted on a relatively fast time frame the quasidynamic R curve to be measured for crack speeds up to 15m∕s. The transformation zone width grew to a maximum in the initial transient part of the quasidynamic R curve. The applied stress intensity factor then commenced to increase to 16MPam.
Higher-Order Aberrations of Topography-Guided LASIK and Wavefront-Optimized LASIK in High- and Low-Myopic Eyes: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

We aimed to investigate high-order aberration (HOA) change between topography-guided (TG) and wavefront-optimized (WFO) laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in patients with different degrees of myopia. A non-randomized clinical trial was conducted, in which 40 eyes of 20 patients aged 20–50 years old were included. Participants received TG-LASIK in one eye and WFO-LASIK on the alternate eye. Corneal topography and HOAs including coma, trefoil, spherical aberration (SA), and contrast sensitivity (CS) were collected. Moreover, a quality of vision (QoV) questionnaire was completed by each participant. Non-parametric tests were used to infer the difference in HOAs and CS between the TG-LASIK and WFO-LASIK groups, and subgroup analyses stratified by myopia degree were performed. The high-myopia patients with TG-LASIK showed more coma and SA compared to low-myopia individuals (all 95% CI lower limits > 0), and subjects who received WFO-LASIK exhibited more SA in high-myopia status (both 95% CI lower limits > 0). The TG-LASIK group showed lower postoperative trefoil compared to the WFO-LASIK group in the high-myopia population (mean difference: −0.1267, 95% CI: −0.24 to −0.01). The TG-LASIK group yielded less surgically induced haze, better clarity at night, and better total quality scores (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, TG-LASIK might yield less postoperative trefoil in high-myopia patients and higher QoV in the general population compared to the WFO-LASIK procedure.
A Meta-Analysis Study to Infer Voltage-Gated K+ Channels Prognostic Value in Different Cancer Types

Potassium channels are often highly expressed in cancer cells with respect to healthy ones, as they provide proliferative advantages through modulating membrane potential, calcium homeostasis, and various signaling pathways. Among potassium channels, Shaker type voltage-gated Kv channels are emerging as promising pharmacological targets in oncology. Here, we queried publicly available cancer patient databases to highlight if a correlation exists between Kv channel expression and survival rate in five different cancer types. By multiple gene comparison analysis, we found a predominant expression of KCNA2, KCNA3, and KCNA5 with respect to the other KCNA genes in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). This analysis highlighted a prognostic role of KCNA3 and KCNA5 in SKCM, LUAD, LUSC, and STAD, respectively. Interestingly, KCNA3 was associated with a positive prognosis in SKCM and LUAD but not in LUSC. Results obtained by the analysis of KCNA3-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs); tumor immune cell infiltration highlighted differences that may account for such differential prognosis. A meta-analysis study was conducted to investigate the role of KCNA channels in cancer using cancer patients’ datasets. Our study underlines a promising correlation between Kv channel expression in tumor cells, in infiltrating immune cells, and survival rate.
Adaptive Reference-Related Graph Embedding for Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection

Graph embedding (GE) provides an effective way to reveal the intrinsic feature of high-dimensional data on the foundation of preserving topological properties. Under the framework of GE, the hyperspectral image can be represented by a weighted graph, where pixels and similarities among them are treated as vertices and edge weights, respectively. In this article, an adaptive reference-related GE (ARGE) method is proposed to efficaciously obtain the low-dimensional feature and improve computational efficiency. The ARGE method is composed of two primary processes. The key to connecting these two processes is the reference vertices set, which is the abstraction of graph topological features. First, the reference vertices are adaptively selected through a three-step adaptive reference set selection (ARSS) algorithm. Second, the original high-dimensional graph is embedded as a low-dimensional graph through preserving the reference-related structure. Specifically, the pairwise similarities between vertices and reference vertices are preserved in embedding space. In addition, a new hybrid dissimilarity measure of Rao distance and spectral information divergence (RD-SID) is designed to depict the spectral difference between pixels. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the obtained low-dimensional feature is fed into the anomaly detector to detect anomalous pixels. The experimental results on five real and one synthetic hyperspectral datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed ARGE method over the compared feature extraction methods.
Laser-Patterned Alumina Mask and Mask-Less Dry Etch of Si for Light Trapping with Photonic Crystal Structures

Ultra-short 230 fs laser pulses of a 515 nm wavelength were tightly focused onto 700 nm focal spots and utilised in opening ∼0.4–1 μm holes in alumina Al2O3 etch masks with a 20–50 nm thickness. Such dielectric masks simplify the fabrication of photonic crystal (PhC) light-trapping patterns for the above-Lambertian performance of high-efficiency solar cells. The conditions of the laser ablation of transparent etch masks and the effects sub-surface Si modifications were revealed by plasma etching, numerical modelling, and minority carrier lifetime measurements. Mask-less patterning of Si is proposed using fs laser direct writing for dry plasma etching of Si.