Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Discovery of a 12th Wolf‐Rayet Star in the Small Magellanic Cloud

We report the discovery of a relatively faint (V = 15.5) early‐type WN star in the SMC. The line strength and width of He ii λ4686 emission are similar to those of the other SMC WN stars, and the presence of N v λλ4603, 4619 emission (coupled with the lack of N iii) suggests that this star is of spectral type WN3–4.5, and thus is similar in type to the other SMC WR stars. Also like the other SMC WN stars, an early‐type absorption spectrum is weakly present. The absolute magnitude is comparable to that of other (single) Galactic early‐type WN stars. The star is located in the Hodge 53 OB association, which is also the home of two other SMC WN stars. This star, which we designate SMC‐WR12, was actually detected at a high significance level in an earlier interference‐filter survey, but the wrong star was observed as part of a spectroscopic follow‐up, and this case of mistaken identity resulted in its Wolf‐Rayet nature not being recognized until now.
Characterization of the Circuits That Generate Spontaneous Episodes of Activity in the Early Embryonic Mouse Spinal Cord

In the developing nervous system, patterned spontaneous activity affects a variety of developmental processes. Thus, it is important to identify the earliest time that such activity occurs and to characterize the underlying circuitry. In isolated mouse spinal cord–limb preparations, highly rhythmic spontaneous activity occurred as early as embryonic day 11 (E11)–E12, when many lumbosacral motoneurons were still migrating and extending their peripheral projections. This activity required both electrical and chemical transmission, and acetylcholine, rather than glutamate, provided the main excitatory drive. Our data are consistent with motoneurons themselves playing a critical role in generating such activity by making excitatory connections on each other and on GABAergic interneurons via dihydro-β-erythroidine hydrobromide (DHβE)-insensitive nicotinic receptors. This resulted in the generation of local bursts. Consistent with these observations, E12–E12.5 mouse motoneurons retrogradely labeled by HRP were observed to have extensive axon collaterals that projected locally within the lateral motor column and to interneuron-containing regions dorsal and medial of the lateral motor column. Cholinergic axons, presumably from motoneurons, were also observed in the ventral and lateral funiculi. However, for local bursts to propagate throughout the cord, a second DHβE-sensitive cholinergic pathway that also involved glycinergic interneurons was required. This circuit characterization should facilitate the use of genetic mutations that alter specific subpopulations of interneurons or cholinergic transmission to determine how modifying different aspects of this early activity affects subsequent development of the spinal motor circuit.
From Knowledge Visualization Techniques to Trends in Ubiquitous Multimedia Computing

With recent flourishing of wireless communication infrastructures such as 3G, WiMax and RFID, ubiquitous multimedia computing becomes a major focus in scientific research. It would be helpful if we are able to trace the latest development in this particular science and technology field. However, it is a challenging task to swiftly and efficiently filter out information for elevating scholastic research efficiency in large volume of information. In this paper, different perspectives and methods were introduced to analyze leading research theme in particular in ubiquitous computing field. Three knowledge visualization techniques are presented to display research directions by clustering scientific papers taken from the ISI web (CiteSeer papers): factor analysis, pathfinder network and context-based ontology. The results obtained show that recent popular research towards to pursue ubiquitous applications in particular in m-health. The beneficiary of this paper could be for someone new to a specific domain in research study, who wishes to analyze and understand current development status of intended research study field.
IDSV: Intrusion Detection Algorithm Based on Statistics Variance Method in User Transmission Behavior

With the growing diverse demands for Internet applications, network security issues become more acute. To address the appropriate network security from network intrusion detection event has become an important research in network security. In this paper, user behavior features are extracted to create the model for the user transmission behavior. The demands for anomaly detection and the specific characteristics of audit data are studied. An intrusion detection algorithm and based on statistics variance method in user transmission behavior (IDSV) and the implementation framework are provided. And then, the IDSV algorithm is applied into ARP spoofing detection. The simulation results show that IDSV algorithm does well in detection rate of intrusion detection and has good detection performance of different application features. The IDSV algorithm can detect intrusion effectively under user behavior in different applications.
Embedding network calculus and event stream theory in a common model

Network calculus (also known as real-time calculus) and event stream theory are two theories designed to compute upper bounds on response time for real-time systems. Both generalise the common periodic request arrival to any kind of workload using cumulative functions. In network calculus, a data flow is modelled by its cumulative curve, A(t), representing the amount of data sent by the flow up to time t, whereas the event stream theory counts the number of packets sent up to t, denoted by E(t). Of course, the size of packets is a link between both functions. This work presents a formal model embedding both A, E, the packet function, and their basic relations.
Web Intelligence in Tourism: User Modeling and Recommender System

This paper presents a successful attempt at evolving web intelligence in the tourism scenario, namely throughout two main areas: User Modeling and Recommender Systems. The first subject deals with the correct modeling of tourists’ profiles using a wide variety of techniques, such as stereotypes, keywords and psychological models. These techniques, besides presenting user interests with great coherence and completeness, allow for the reduction of several current problems such as the cold start issue, gray sheep individuals and overspecialization. The recommender system, by making use of all user models’ building blocks, brings an interesting, innovative and hybrid nature to the area, with benefits such as behavioral filtering, multi-technique resourcefulness and on-the-fly suggestions. The architecture was already tested in the scope of a prototype regarding the city of Porto, in Portugal.
Simulating pigs : Understanding their motivations, behaviour, welfare and productivity

The transition towards sustainable pig production systems is receiving increasing attention nowadays. Pig behaviour plays a central role in sustainability, as it is an important indicator for pig welfare and can also affect other sustainability issues. Understanding behaviour and related welfare consequences requires to understand motivations underlying behaviour. The two aims of this thesis were: 1) to assess the use of agent-based modelling for understanding pig behaviour and underlying motivation, and 2) to apply agent-based modelling for increasing our understanding of pig behaviour, and related animal welfare and productivity performance. We first explored the use of agent-based modelling with tail biting behaviour in pigs as a case study. An agent-based model was developed to understand the causation of tail biting behaviour. Subsequently, we developed a mechanistic and dynamic simulation model to gain more understanding of feeding behaviour and internal (physiological) factors. The model integrates knowledge from physiology and ethology, and combines growth with a behavioural decision model based on motivation. This model included motivations underlying feeding behaviour and various feeding patterns of an individually housed growing pig. To deepen our understanding of mechanisms underlying feeding patterns of pigs within 24 hours, hormonal circadian rhythms were included in the model in a follow-up study. The circadian rhythms of cortisol and melatonin explained the alternans pattern, a small peak of feed intake at the beginning of the day and a larger peak at the end of the day, of feeding in pigs. Next, an agent-based model of feeding and social interaction in commercially group-housed pigs was developed to deepen our understanding of the complex interaction between internal physiological factors and external social factors. Social factors (e.g. competition level and social facilitation) and behavioural strategies (e.g. avoidance and approach) affected social interactions among pigs and feeding behaviour. The causation of variation among pigs was further explored in this model. Pig characteristics were important in various feeding, social interaction and growth patterns in pigs. In general, agent-based modelling proved to be a useful method to understand animal behaviour and underlying motivations. It contributed to further understanding of tail biting, feeding and social behaviour in pigs. Furthermore, agent-based modelling showed to be a novel method to find and assess behaviours as welfare indicators, and to contribute to understanding trade-offs and synergies between sustainability issues, such as animal welfare and productivity.
Influenza-Like Illness Sentinel Surveillance in Peru

Background Acute respiratory illnesses and influenza-like illnesses (ILI) are a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the public health importance, little is known about the etiology of these acute respiratory illnesses in many regions of South America. In 2006, the Peruvian Ministry of Health (MoH) and the US Naval Medical Research Center Detachment (NMRCD) initiated a collaboration to characterize the viral agents associated with ILI and to describe the clinical and epidemiological presentation of the affected population. Methodology/Principal Findings Patients with ILI (fever ≥38°C and cough or sore throat) were evaluated in clinics and hospitals in 13 Peruvian cities representative of the four main regions of the country. Nasal and oropharyngeal swabs, as well as epidemiological and demographic data, were collected from each patient. During the two years of this study (June 2006 through May 2008), a total of 6,835 patients, with a median age of 13 years, were recruited from 31 clinics and hospitals; 6,308 were enrolled by regular passive surveillance and 527 were enrolled as part of outbreak investigations. At least one respiratory virus was isolated from the specimens of 2,688 (42.6%) patients, with etiologies varying by age and geographical region. Overall the most common viral agents isolated were influenza A virus (25.1%), influenza B virus (9.7%), parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, and 3, (HPIV-1,-2,-3; 3.2%), herpes simplex virus (HSV; 2.6%), and adenoviruses (1.8%). Genetic analyses of influenza virus isolates demonstrated that three lineages of influenza A H1N1, one lineage of influenza A H3N2, and two lineages of influenza B were circulating in Peru during the course of this study. Conclusions To our knowledge this is the most comprehensive study to date of the etiologic agents associated with ILI in Peru. These results demonstrate that a wide range of respiratory pathogens are circulating in Peru and this fact needs to be considered by clinicians when treating patients reporting with ILI. Furthermore, these data have implications for influenza vaccine design and implementation in South America.
Emptying of Intracellular Calcium Pool and Oxidative Stress Imbalance Are Associated with the Glyphosate-Induced Proliferation in Human Skin Keratinocytes HaCaT Cells

We demonstrated that glyphosate possesses tumor promoting potential in mouse skin carcinogenesis and SOD 1, calcyclin (S100A6), and calgranulin B (S100A9) have been associated with this potential, although the mechanism is unclear. We aimed to clarify whether imbalance in between [Ca2+]i levels and oxidative stress is associated with glyphosate-induced proliferation in human keratinocytes HaCaT cells. The [Ca2+]i levels, ROS generation, and expressions of G1/S cyclins, IP3R1, S100A6, S100A9, and SOD 1, and apoptosis-related proteins were investigated upon glyphosate exposure in HaCaT cells. Glyphosate (0.1 mM) significantly induced proliferation, decreases [Ca2+]i, and increases ROS generation in HaCaT cells, whereas antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) pretreatment reverts these effects which directly indicated that glyphosate induced cell proliferation by lowering [Ca2+]i levels via ROS generation. Glyphosate also enhanced the expression of G1/S cyclins associated with a sharp decrease in G0/G1 and a corresponding increase in S-phases. Additionally, glyphosate also triggers S100A6/S100A9 expression and decreases IP3R1 and SOD 1 expressions in HaCaT cells. Notably, Ca2+ suppression also prevented apoptotic related events including Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspases activation. This study highlights that glyphosate promotes proliferation in HaCaT cells probably by disrupting the balance in between [Ca2+]i levels and oxidative stress which in turn facilitated the downregulation of mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathways.
Transfer Learning for Enhancing Information Flow in Organizations and Social Networks

Abstract : The task of suggesting recipients for an email has recently received attention as it has potential to enhance the flow of knowledge and information within an organization or social network. We investigate two transfer learning techniques to improve recipient prediction performance through considering predictions for multiple users. We present a novel continuous hidden variable conditional random field for the recipient prediction problem. We characterize this construction as a type of discriminative author recipient topic or DART model. First we show transfer based performance increases achieved through shared hidden variables for prediction across different users. Second, we show how transfer from an organization wide model to a user specific model through parameter prior structure also confers substantial advantage, especially when models are constructed for new users.
Evaluating Government Portal Websites in China

Government portal websites are the core components of e-Government because it is a platform integrating different government resources. This article was devoted to study the government portal websites in China in order to disclose the development status of e-Government in China. In order to do this, two questions are answered: from which aspects should government portal websites be evaluated; how to develop the indexes for different aspects of government portal website evaluation. In our solution, we aligned the evaluation of government portal website with new public administration principles so that government can provide better services to the users because new focuses of public administration bring new strategies for e-Government. The proposed framework emphasizes content, function, and construction of government portals. The validation analysis showed that the proposed evaluation framework is well fitted. 30 major cities’ government portal websites in China are evaluated. The results suggested China has implemented advanced e-Government services such as e-democracy but the performance of those services is not appreciated by the user very well.
Epistatic Interactions in the Arabinose Cis-Regulatory Element

Changes in gene expression are an important mode of evolution; however, the proximate mechanism of these changes is poorly understood. In particular, little is known about the effects of mutations within cis binding sites for transcription factors, or the nature of epistatic interactions between these mutations. Here, we tested the effects of single and double mutants in two cis binding sites involved in the transcriptional regulation of the Escherichia coli araBAD operon, a component of arabinose metabolism, using a synthetic system. This system decouples transcriptional control from any posttranslational effects on fitness, allowing a precise estimate of the effect of single and double mutations, and hence epistasis, on gene expression. We found that epistatic interactions between mutations in the araBAD cis-regulatory element are common, and that the predominant form of epistasis is negative. The magnitude of the interactions depended on whether the mutations are located in the same or in different operator sites. Importantly, these epistatic interactions were dependent on the presence of arabinose, a native inducer of the araBAD operon in vivo, with some interactions changing in sign (e.g., from negative to positive) in its presence. This study thus reveals that mutations in even relatively simple cis-regulatory elements interact in complex ways such that selection on the level of gene expression in one environment might perturb regulation in the other environment in an unpredictable and uncorrelated manner.
Support for aspectual modeling to Multiagent system architecture

A Multiagent system (MAS) architecture is structured in terms of autonomous and communicating components. Agent orientation does not support the modularization of some system properties that affect several system components. These properties are called “crosscutting concerns” and need to be explicitly captured in the architectural design of MAS. Aspect-orientation provides abstractions to identity and modularize crosscutting concerns throughout the software lifecycle. This work uses aspect-oriented abstractions to define a modeling language to describe and modularize crosscutting concerns in MAS architecture. An e-commerce example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed modeling language.
Does Grammatical Gender Influence Perception? A Study of Polish and French Speakers

Abstract Can the perception of a word be influenced by its grammatical gender? Can it happen that speakers of one language perceive an object to have masculine features, while speakers of another language perceive the same object to have feminine features? Previous studies suggest that this is the case, and also that there is some supra-language gender categorisation of objects as natural/feminine and artefact/masculine. This study was an attempt to replicate these findings on another population of subjects. This is the first Polish study of this kind, comparing the perceptions of objects by Polish- and French-speaking individuals. The results of this study show that grammatical gender may cue people to assess objects as masculine or feminine. However, the findings of some previous studies, that feminine features are more often ascribed to natural objects than artifacts, were not replicated.
A multivariate analysis of cardiopulmonary parameters in archery performance

Purpose. The aim of this investigation was to determine the most significant cardiopulmonary parameters bound with high archery scores and to assess their relationship with successful performance in archery. Methods. The total of 32 archers with mean age of 17 ± 0.56 years were gathered from dissimilar archery programmes. Cardiopulmonary parameters were measured prior to shooting tests. Multivariate techniques of principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA), and discriminant analysis (DA) were used to analyse the data collected. Results. The initial PCA identified 4 parameters with a higher eigenvalue (> 1). However, PCA after varimax rotation indicated 4 varifactors with high positive loadings, containing 3 respiratory parameters: forced vital capacity (FVC; 0.83), maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV; 0.83), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR; 0.87); 2 pressure parameters: resting diastolic blood pressure (RDbP; 0.78) and resting systolic blood pressure (RSbP; 0.88); 1 volume parameter: inspiratory reserve volume (IRV; 0.86); and 1 rate parameter: resting respiratory rate (RRR; 0.87). HACA divided the archers into 2 categories on the basis of their performance on the most needed parameters; these were high-optimum pulmonary capacity archers (HOCA) and low-optimum pulmonary capacity archers (LOCA). Standard, backward stepwise, and forward stepwise DA discriminated the classes from the 7 parameters with remarkable accuracy (90.63%, 93.75%, and 96.88%, respectively) for each method, confirming the classification provided by HACA. Conclusions. It is obvious from the current outcomes that such cardiopulmonary parameters as good FVC, MVV, PEFR, IRV, RRR, and optimal RSbP and RDbP are necessary for better archery performance.
Association between potential parental and peers' correlates and physical activity recommendations compliance among 13-16 years old adolescents

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) is one of the most cited health protective factors for the prevention of the leading noncommunicable diseases. Four-fifths of adolescents are not reaching public health guidelines for recommended levels of PA globally. Understanding factors that influence PA can aid the design of more effective interventions. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the association between potential parental and peer correlates and PA recommendations compliance among 13-16 years old adolescents. Methods: We used nationally representative data originated from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey realized in 2014 in Slovakia. Data were obtained by questionnaires measuring potential parental and peers' correlates. Gender differences were assessed using chi square test. The associations between potential parental or peers' correlates and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) of adolescents were explored using logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age, and family affluence. Interaction of the effect of each parental and peer correlate with gender on MVPA was tested. Results: Prevalence of sufficient MVPA was higher among boys than among girls (p < .001). Boys reported more frequently than girls that their best friend does sport every week or that they used to play sport with parents at least once a week (p < .001). All explored variables representing potential parental and peers' correlates were significantly associated with sufficient MVPA of adolescents. However, only the association of a best friend and father doing sport every week and playing sport with parents remained significantly associated with sufficient MVPA of adolescents in mutually adjusted model. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that best friends and fathers may play role in PA behaviour of adolescents through behaviour modelling, and parents in general through tangible parental support (playing sport with children).
The Development of a Question-Answering Services System for the Farmer through SMS: Query Analysis

In this paper, we propose the development of the Question-Answering Services System for the Farmer, through SMS, by focusing on query analysis and annotation based on a similar technique previously applied to language generation, thematic roles, and primitive systems of the Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). The annotation places emphasis on the semantics model of "What" and "How" queries, lexical inference identification, and semantic role, for the answer. Finally, we show how these annotations and inference rules contribute to the generalization of the matching system over semantic categories in order to have a large scale question-answering system.