Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finding the LMA needle in the wheat proteome haystack

Late maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) is a wheat genetic defect causing the synthesis of high isoelectric point (pI) alpha-amylase in the aleurone as a result of a temperature shock during mid-grain development or prolonged cold throughout grain development leading to an unacceptable low falling numbers (FN) at harvest or during storage. High pI alpha-amylase is normally not synthesized until after maturity in seeds when they may sprout in response to rain or germinate following sowing the next season’s crop. Whilst the physiology is well understood, the biochemical mechanisms involved in grain LMA response remain unclear. We have employed high-throughput proteomics to analyse thousands of wheat flours displaying a range of LMA values. We have applied an array of statistical analyses to select LMA-responsive biomarkers and we have mined them using a suite of tools applicable to wheat proteins. To our knowledge, this is not only the first proteomics study tackling the wheat LMA issue, but also the largest plant-based proteomics study published to date. Logistics, technicalities, requirements, and bottlenecks of such an ambitious large-scale high-throughput proteomics experiment along with the challenges associated with big data analyses are discussed. We observed that stored LMA-affected grains activated their primary metabolisms such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, along with DNA- and RNA binding mechanisms, as well as protein translation. This logically transitioned to protein folding activities driven by chaperones and protein disulfide isomerase, as wellas protein assembly via dimerisation and complexing. The secondary metabolism was also mobilised with the up-regulation of phytohormones, chemical and defense responses. LMA further invoked cellular structures among which ribosomes, microtubules, and chromatin. Finally, and unsurprisingly, LMA expression greatly impacted grain starch and other carbohydrates with the up-regulation of alpha-gliadins and starch metabolism, whereas LMW glutenin, stachyose, sucrose, UDP-galactose and UDP-glucose were down-regulated. This work demonstrates that proteomics deserves to be part of the wheat LMA molecular toolkit and should be adopted by LMA scientists and breeders in the future.
Multiscale imaging and quantitative analysis of plasma membrane protein-cortical actin interplay

The spatiotemporal organization of cell surface receptors is important for cell signaling. Cortical actin (CA), the subset of the actin cytoskeleton subjacent to the plasma membrane (PM), plays a large role in cell surface receptor organization. This was however shown largely through actin perturbation experiments, which raise concerns of nonspecific effects and preclude quantification of actin architecture and dynamics under unperturbed conditions. These limitations make it challenging to predict how changes in CA properties can affect receptor organization. To derive direct relationships between the architecture and dynamics of CA and the spatiotemporal organization of PM proteins, including cell surface receptors, we developed a multiscale imaging and computational analysis framework based on the integration of single-molecule imaging (SMI) of PM proteins and fluorescent speckle microscopy (FSM) of CA (combined: SMI-FSM) in the same live cell. SMI-FSM revealed differential relationships between PM proteins and CA based on the PM proteins’ actin binding ability, diffusion type and local CA density. It also highlighted the complexity of cell wide actin perturbation, where we found that global changes in actin properties caused by perturbation were not necessarily reflected in the CA properties near PM proteins, and the changes in PM protein properties upon perturbation varied based on the local CA environment. Given the widespread use of SMI as a method to study the spatiotemporal organization of PM proteins and the versatility of SMI-FSM, we expect it to be widely applicable to enable future investigation of the influence of CA architecture and dynamics on different PM proteins, especially in the context of actin-dependent cellular processes, such as cell migration. Significance Plasma membrane protein organization, an important factor for shaping cellular behaviors, is influenced by cortical actin, the subset of the actin cytoskeleton near the plasma membrane. Yet it is challenging to directly and quantitatively probe this influence. Here, we developed an imaging and analysis approach that combines single-molecule imaging, fluorescent speckle microscopy and computational statistical analysis to characterize and correlate the spatiotemporal organization of plasma membrane proteins and cortical actin. Our approach revealed different relationships between different proteins and cortical actin, and highlighted the complexity of interpreting cell wide actin perturbation experiments. We expect this approach to be widely used to study the influence of cortical actin on different plasma membrane components, especially in actin-dependent processes.
Price sensitivity to the exponent in the CEV model

Since the CEV model captures the negative link between a stock price and its volatility of return, it partly corrects the assumption that volatility is constant in the Black-Scholes model. This thesis presents the option price sensitivity to the exponent parameter in the CEV model, and the roles played by strike price, time to expiration and barriers (for Barrier options) in determining this sensitivity. Using closed-form solutions, finite difference, binomial tree and Monte-Carlo methods, the impact of those model parameters are analyzed and presented.
Système de recommandation avec prise en compte de la prévision de disponibilité des catégories de produits

Résumé Recommander des articles appropriés aux utilisateurs est crucial dans les plateformes de commerce électronique et de streaming. Dans certaines situations, un client a une préférence pour un produit en fonction des caractéristiques du produit et du contexte temporel courant. Il est donc ju-dicieux de prendre en compte ces aspects aﬁn d’améliorer la qualité des recommandations. Dans cet article, nous proposons des systèmes de recommandation basés sur la prédiction de disponi-bilité des catégories des produits en fonction du contexte temporel. En effet, le classement des recommandations Top-N proposées par le système de recommandation initial est mis à jour de manière à favoriser les produits aux catégories prédites disponibles. Par ailleurs, nous proposons un algorithme pour le choix du contexte temporel adéquat à la considération de la prédiction de disponibilité des catégories. Des expérimentations sont menées sur quatre jeux de données et des comparaisons sont effectuées sur les résultats de trois systèmes de recommandation de base avec et sans intégration des prédictions de disponibilité, suivant les métriques d’évaluation Hit-ratio, MAP et F1-score. On constate que dans 75% des cas, pour avoir la meilleure performance, il est nécessaire d’intégrer les prédictions de disponibilité des catégories. Ce gain peut même aller à plus de 12% quel que soit le jeu de données. Tout ceci conﬁrme la pertinence de notre contribution.
S0025315422001084jra 1..9

Marine megafauna occurrence was recorded in the deep-sea region bordering the abyssal plain ∼400 km north-west of Luanda, Angola. The survey took place during an Environmental Baseline Study (EBS), prior to drilling exploration activities, with the goal of characterizing the habitat and biodiversity of the region. Offshore shipboard surveys were conducted during September 2018 in water depths ranging from 2350–3850m. We recorded daytime sightings of marine mammals and sea turtles and at night made audio recordings using passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) methods focused on capturing the sounds of vocalizing marine mammals. A variety of species were visually detected, including the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), common dolphin (Delphinus spp.), striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), Atlantic spotted dolphin (S. frontalis), and olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea). Acoustic click bouts similar to those made by several odontocete species, possibly including beaked whales, were recorded within the 25–48 kHz range. The humpback whale was the most frequently sighted species, accounting for 56% of mammal sightings, indicating a potential far offshore migratory habitat in this region. Most notably, right whales (probable Eubalaena australis) were visually observed. This is the first confirmed record of right whales in Angolan waters since the early 1900s. As development expands in this offshore region, these data can usefully inform future monitoring and mitigation strategies focused on minimizing impacts to wildlife.
Compensation algorithm for optical flow vectors based on image sequences of the spot

A key problem in the processing of image sequences is estimating the motion between video frames, often referred to as optical flow estimation. For the problem of the target spots loss in image sequences when aircraft's 3D attitude parameters is measured based on optical measurement, an effective optical flow vectors compensation algorithm from multi-frames image is proposed. First, the optical flow vectors between frames of spot target image sequences are calculated by Lucas-Kanade algorithm, and then choose the optical flow vectors nearby the images of lost spot target. The chosen vectors are used for estimating spot image. The compensation model of optical flow vectors is set. Then, the lost spot target center is got by using inverse distance weighted averaging and the weight-value is the difference of the frame count between real image and estimated image. By experiments analysis, the proper calculating scope of this arithmetic under the expected precision is determined. This algorithm compensates the calculation errors caused by the lost target in image sequences efficiently.
Nonlinear reconstruction of images described by Gibbs models

The work is devoted to the problem of nonlinear reconstruction of distorted images. The distortion is assumed to be linear image blur, nonlinear non-delay transformation and Gaussian noise addition applied in series. This distortion collection is characteristic for any image registration procedure. The original non-distorted image is described by a two-dimensional causal autoregression model. Reformulation of the original image two-dimensional causal autoregression model in terms of the equivalent Gibbs model permits one to construct a nonlinear iterative reconstruction algorithm. The reconstruction algorithm is based on the Metropolis-Hastings stochastic relaxation method. The presented results of real distorted image reconstruction by the proposed algorithm illustrate the effectiveness of restoration.
Existence and multiplicity results for quasilinear elliptic equations

The goal of this paper is to study the multiplicity of positive solutions of a class of quasilinear elliptic equations. Based on the mountain pass theorems and sub-and supersolutions argument for p-Laplacian operators, under suitable conditions on nonlinearity f (x, s), we show the following problem: -Delta(p)u = lambda f(x,u) in Omega, u/(partial derivative Omega) = 0, where Omega is a bounded open subset of R-N, N >= 2, with smooth boundary, lambda is a positive parameter and Delta(p) is the p-Laplacian operator with p > 1, possesses at least two positive solutions for large lambda.
Contribution in Information Signal Processing for Solving State Space Nonlinear Estimation Problems

In this paper, comprehensive methods to apply several formulations of nonlinear estimators to integrated navigation problems are considered and developed. The problem of linear and nonlinear filters such as Kalman Filter (KF) and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is stated. Analog solution which is based on fisher information matrix propagation for linear and nonlinear filtering is also developed. Additionally, the idea of iterations is included through the update step both for Kalman filters and Information filters in order to improve accuracy. Through this development, two new formulations of High order Kalman filters and High order Information filters are presented. Finally, in order to compare these different nonlinear filters, special applications are analyzed by using the proposed techniques to estimate two well-known mathematical state space models, which are based on nonlinear time series used to apply these estimation algorithms. A criterion used for comparison is the root mean square error RMSE and several simulations under specific conditions are illustrated.
A COMBINED X-RAY AND OPTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE GALAXY CLUSTER A2670

We analyse 15 ks oflow-noiseROSATPSPC data and calculate the mass distribution in A2670. The mass inferred from the X-ray data is not enough to explain the obseIVed line-of-sight velocity dispersion profile, and we investigate two possible reasons for this. We conclude that A2670 is in the process of merging along the line of sight, as was first proposed by Bird.
Shock and head slap simulations of operational and non-operational hard disk drives

Summary form only given. Hard disk drives (HDD) must be designed to be resistant to shock. Two types of shock simulations are of particular interest, the linear drop test and the tilt drop test. In a linear drop test, all the components of the hard disk drive are given a vertical velocity component corresponding to a particular "drop height". In a tilt drop test, the hard disk drive is constrained to rotate about an axis such that one side of the HDD will contact the impact surface. The tilt drop model is given an initial angular velocity corresponding to a particular "drop angle". To perform the finite element analysis, we use LS-Dyna, a commercially available transient finite element solver. LS-Dyna is used in contact problems, large deformation and dynamic simulations. To prepare the model for LS-Dyna and display the results, we use Hypermesh, a commercially available pre- and post-processor.
A solution processed nonvolatile resistive memory device with Ti/CdSe quantum dot/Ti-TiOx/CdSe quantum dot/indium tin-oxide structure

We report a Ti-TiOx/quantum dot based bipolar nonvolatile resistive memory device. The device has ON/OFF ratio 100 and is reproducible. The memory device showed good retention characteristics under stress and excellent stability even after 100 000 cycles of switching operation. The memory devices are solution processed at room temperature in ambient atmosphere. The operating mechanism is discussed based on charge trapping in quantum dots resulting in Coulomb blockade effect with the metal-oxide layer acting as the barrier to confine the trapped charges. The mechanism is supported by negative differential resistance (NDR) observed exclusively in the ON state.
Rapid production of ultralong amorphous ceramic nanofibers by laser spinning

Amorphous nanofibers of several centimeters in length can be grown in microseconds during laser cutting of ceramics if a supersonic gas jet is used to clear the cut edge. Such rapid growth is not achievable with vapor phase or solution based methods. Instead, the growth mechanism involves elongation of very small volumes of molten ceramic by frictional drag action of the gas jet. Analysis of the elongation process shows that rapid elongation and cooling are essential to prevent surface tension causing spheroid formation. Using a modified geometry, the process can be adapted to produce near-continuous nanofibers with tailored compositions.
An accurate density evolution analysis for a finite-state Markov channel

Abstract In this paper, we consider density evolution analyses of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes for a finite-state Markov channel (FSMC). Since operations in the subgraph corresponding to the estimation process do not satisfy symmetry conditions, all densities involved in each value of the channel state should be kept track. In [6], to avoid the complexity to compute plural pdfs, only one pdf involved in the channel state is computed exploiting marginalization operations. We suppose that this approach is not accurate enough to track the estimation process of the joint estimation-decoding. In this paper, we present a procedure of the density evolution analysis of LDPC codes for an FSMC of which all densities involved in each value of the channel state are kept track.
Hydrophobic chains near hydrophobic surfaces—simulations in three dimensions

The behaviour of a hydrophobic chain near a hydrophobic wall is studied in three dimensions by numerically simulating a modified version of the decorated lattice model of Widom and co-workers. The effective hydrophobic interaction is temperature dependent. The chain stretches and adheres to the hydrophobic wall in a pancake like conformation at intermediate temperatures, whereas it collapses upon itself at slightly higher temperatures. At lower or higher dimensions it is in a random coil state.
White-noise representations in stochastic realization theory

It is proved that any random sequence can be exhibited as the output of a stochastic dynamical system driven by white noise. Further refinements are obtained for Markov, stationary, and ergodic sequences. This settles some open problems in stochastic realization theory posed by Willems and Van Schuppen [NATO ASI-AMS Seminar on Algebraic and Geometric Methods in Linear System Theory, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 1979].
Two-dimensional-Ti3C2 magnetic nanocomposite for targeted cancer chemotherapy

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women, so novel therapeutic approaches are needed to improve the effectiveness of current therapies or extend their activity. In recent decades, graphene analogs, such as Mxene, an emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) graphene analogs, have been drawing considerable attention based on their intrinsic physicochemical properties and performance as potential candidates for tumor therapy, particularly for therapeutic purposes. Here we explored the targeted drug delivery in cervical cancer in in vivo model. Mxene-based nanocarriers are not able to be precisely controlled in cancer treatment. Method: To solve this problem, the titanium carbide-magnetic core-shell nanocarrier (Ti3C2-Fe3O4@SiO2-FA) is also developed to provide synergetic anticancer with magnetic controlling ability along with pH-responsive drug release. A xenograft model of the cervix was used to investigate the effects of Cisplatin alone, or in combination with Ti3C2@FA and Ti3C2@ Fe3O4@SiO2-FA, on tumor growth following histological staining for evaluation of necrosis. Result and Discussion: A significant tumor-growth suppression effect is shown when the Ti3C2-Fe3O4@SiO2-FA nanocarrier is magnetically controlled Cisplatin drug release. It reveals a synergistic therapeutic efficacy used in conjunction with pharmaceuticals (p < .001). According to the in vivo study, the Ti3C2@FA@Cisplatin nanocomposite exhibits less tumor growth than the drug alone or Ti3C2@FA@Cisplatin via increasing necrosis effect (p < .001). Through this study, Mxene nanosheets are expanded for biomedical applications, not only through the fabrication of biocompatible magnetic Mxene nanocomposite but also through the development of functionalization strategies that enable the magnetic Ti3C2 nanocomposite to load high levels of Cisplatin for cervical cancer treatment (242.5%). Hence, Ti3C2-Fe3O4@SiO2-FA nanocarriers would be promising candidates to improve cancer treatment efficiency.
EphH, a unique epoxide hydrolase encoded by Rv3338 is involved in the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis under in vitro stress and vacuolar pH-induced changes

Introduction Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), one of the deadliest human pathogen, has evolved with different strategies of survival inside the host, leading to a chronic state of infection. Phagosomally residing Mtb encounters a variety of stresses, including increasing acidic pH. To better understand the host-pathogen interaction, it is imperative to identify the role of various genes involved in the survivability of Mtb during acidic pH environment. Methods Bio-informatic and enzymatic analysis were used to identify Mtb gene, Rv3338, as epoxide hydrolase. Subsequently, CRISPRi knockdown strategy was used to decipher its role for Mtb survival during acidic stress, nutrient starvation and inside macrophages. Confocal microscopy was used to analyse its role in subverting phagosomal acidification within macrophage. Results The present work describes the characterization of Rv3338 which was previously known to be associated with the aprABC locus induced while encountering acidic stress within the macrophage. Bio-informatic analysis demonstrated its similarity to epoxide hydrolase, which was confirmed by enzymatic assays, thus, renamed EphH. Subsequently, we have deciphered its indispensable role for Mtb in protection from acidic stress by using the CRISPRi knockdown strategy. Our data demonstrated the pH dependent role of EphH for the survival of Mtb during nutrient starvation and in conferring resistance against elevated endogenous ROS levels during stress environment. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an EH of Mtb as a crucial protein for bacterial fitness inside the host, a phenomenon central to its pathogenesis.
Short-term effect of polyethylene glycol loxenatide on weight loss in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes: An open-label, parallel-arm, randomized, metformin-controlled trial

Objective Polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) is a novel, once-weekly glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist that is approved in doses of 0.1 mg and 0.2 mg for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, no clinical trials have been designed to determine the effect of 0.3 mg PEG-Loxe on weight loss in overweight or obese patients with T2DM. This trial aimed to evaluate the short-term effect of 0.3 mg PEG-Loxe, injected subcutaneously once weekly, for weight management in overweight or obese patients with T2DM. Methods This 16-week, open-label, parallel-arm, randomized, metformin-controlled trial was conducted at Shandong Provincial Hospital in Shandong, China. Patients with T2DM, who were overweight or obese (body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m2) and had been treated with lifestyle interventions or a combination with oral antidiabetic drug monotherapy were randomized (2:1) to receive 0.3 mg PEG-Loxe or 1500 mg metformin. The primary endpoint was a change in body weight from baseline to week 16. Results Overall, 156 patients were randomized and exposed to treatment. Weight loss was 7.52 kg (8.37%) with PEG-Loxe and 2.96 kg (3.00%) with metformin, with a between-group difference of 4.55 kg (95% CI, 3.43 to 5.67) (P < 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of patients lost ≥5% (61.5% vs. 25.0%) or 10% (26.9% vs. 5.8%) body weight in the PEG-Loxe group than in the metformin group (P < 0.01). Additionally, PEG-Loxe resulted in marked improvements in several cardiovascular risk factors compared to metformin, including body mass index, waist circumference, visceral fat area, blood pressure, and lipid profile. PEG-Loxe and metformin displayed almost equal potency for glycemic control. The incidence of adverse events was 46.2% (48/104) and 44.2% (23/52) in the PEG-Loxe and metformin groups, respectively. Conclusion In overweight or obese patients with T2DM, a once-weekly subcutaneous administration of PEG-Loxe for 16 weeks, in addition to lifestyle interventions or oral antidiabetic drug therapy, resulted in significantly greater weight loss compared to metformin. Additional trials are necessary to establish whether these effects can be maintained in the long term. Clinical trial registration www.chictr. org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2200057800.