Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Sequenced Inventory of Communication Development: An Adoption Study of Two and Three-year olds

The etiology of individual differences in communicative development is explored using data from 226 adoptive and 224 nonadoptive families in the Colorado Adoption Project. Scores from the Sequenced Inventory of Communication Development (SICD) (Hedrick, Prather, & Tobin, 1975) in 2-and 3-year-old children are compared to concurrent and longitudinal measures of verbal and general cognitive ability and to verbal and general cognitive ability in their parents. Sibling correlations for the SICD and cross-correlations for the SICD and I.Q. in related and unrelated pairs are also examined. Sibling correlations indicate that performance on the SICD is genetically influenced and that the relationship between the SICD and I.Q. at 2 and 3 years of age is in part genetically mediated. At 2 and 3 years of age, SICD scores are related to parental intelligence and verbal ability and this relationship is partially determined by family environmental factors at both ages. At 3 years of age, the SICD scores of adopted children correlates significantly with their biological mothers' general cognitive ability.
Effects of Taekwondo intervention on balance in children with autism spectrum disorder

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an 8-week Taekwondo (TKD) intervention on balance in children with autism spec-trum disorder (ASD). A total of 14 children with ASD participated in this study. Eight children (eight males; mean age, 10.25±2.38 yr) completed TKD intervention (50 min/2 times/8 week), and six children received no intervention serving as controls (five males, one female; mean age, 10.00±2.83 yr). A computed posturography system with a long forceplate (NeuroCom Balance Master) was used to evaluate static (double and single leg stance with various test conditions) and functional balance (step-quick-turn). Balance was measured before and after the intervention. A mixed-model analysis of variance showed a significant group by time interaction in single leg stance balance. After the intervention, the TKD group displayed a greater improvement in single leg stance balance with eyes closed condition than the control group (P=0.046). Within-group analysis showed that the TKD group significantly improved single leg stance balance with eyes open condition (P=0.014). In addition, TKD group displayed trends of improvements in double leg stance balance with unstable surface under eyes closed condition (ES=0.83) and step-quick-turn (Cohen d [ES]=0.70). The control group did not show any significant changes in balance outcomes. In conclusion, TKD training can help children with ASD improve their balance. Children with ASD also showed a high rate of adherence (92%) to the TKD training. Our findings suggest that TKD can be a fun, feasible, and effective therapeutic option for balance improvement of children with ASD.
Multi-source Skyline Query Processing in Road Networks

Skyline query processing has been investigated extensively in recent years, mostly for only one query reference point. An example of a single-source skyline query is to find hotels which are cheap and close to the beach (an absolute query), or close to a user-given location (a relatively query). A multi-source skyline query considers several query points at the same time (e.g., to find hotels which are cheap and close to the University, the Botanic Garden and the China Town). In this paper, we consider the problem of efficient multi-source skyline query processing in road networks. It is not only the first effort to consider multi-source skyline query in road networks but also the first effort to process the relative skyline queries where the network distance between two locations needs to be computed on-the-fly. Three different query processing algorithms are proposed and evaluated in this paper. The Lower Bound Constraint algorithm (LBC) is proven to be an instance optimal algorithm. Extensive experiments using large real road network datasets demonstrate that LBC is four times more efficient than a straightforward algorithm.
Femto-molar sensitive field effect transistor biosensors based on silicon nanowires and antibodies

This article presents electrically-based sensors made of high quality silicon nanowire field effect transistors (SiNW-FETs) for high sensitive detection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) molecules. SiNW-FET devices, fabricated through an IC/CMOS compatible top-down approach, are covalently functionalized with VEGF monoclonal antibodies in order to sense VEGF. Increasing concentrations of VEGF in the femto molar range determine increasing conductance values as proof of occurring immuno-reactions at the nanowire (NW) surface. These results confirm data in literature about the possibility of sensing pathogenic factors with SiNW-FET sensors, introducing the innovating aspect of detecting biomolecules in dry conditions.
Entrepreneurial postures and psychological traits : the sociological influences of education and environment

Sociological influences are important factors in the success of an entrepreneurial venture. Sociological influences such as level of education and supportive environment may have moderating influences on the relationships between psychological traits and entrepreneurial styles. A cross-sectional study was conducted among entrepreneurs in a capitol city situated in a Southern Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA). Results of the study support significant positive relationships between psychological traits and entrepreneurial styles. Findings also suggest that level of education and supportive environment moderate the relationships of psychological traits and entrepreneurial styles. Overall, research findings have a number of theoretical and managerial implications. For example, venture capitalists, management practitioners, and other business professionals who are involved in high risk ventures may employ this entrepreneurial model as a useful tool to assess entrepreneurial capabilities, managerial tendencies that may improve return on investment relative to human capital. Also, it may be a useful tool for selecting team members for new business start ups, and evaluating applicants for intrapreneurship positions in the corporate world. Another implication is in the area of entrepreneurship pedagogy, linking the relationship between psychological traits and entrepreneurial styles could be used as a technique for identifying students for entrepreneurial careers. In addition, these findings also indicate that education may enhance entrepreneurial success relative to the nourishment of competencies such as innovativeness, proactiveness, risk taking behavior and competitive aggressiveness.
Sachiko Ide & Naomi Hanaoka McGloin (eds.), Aspects of Japanese women's language. Tokyo: Kurosio, 1991. Pp. vii + 163.

turning to another, very different example do the authors note that "using the first language of one's interlocutor is not always intended to be, nor is it always interpreted as, a friendly gesture" (vii). In summary, The languages of Jerusalem is an enjoyable book that the lay reader will find very informative. But Spolsky & Cooper themselves were (like this reviewer) somewhat disappointed (148):
Distributed intrusion detection system based on data fusion method

Intrusion detection system (IDS) plays a critical role in information security because it provides the last line protection for those protected hosts or networks when intruders elude the first line. In this paper, we present a novel distributed intrusion detection system, which uses the Dempster-Shafer's theory of evidence to fuse local information. Our approach is composed of 2 layers: the lower layer consists of both host and network based sensors, which are specifically designed to collect local features and make local decisions to differentiate those easy-to-detect attacks; the upper layer is a fusion control center, it makes global decisions on those locally uncertain events by adopting Dempster's combination rule. Our approach gains the advantages of both host and network based intrusion methods, and can practice both rule-based and anomaly detection. A simulation is carried out and result shows that the multi-sensor data fusion model performs much better than single sensor.
‘Coming Out, Again’: boundaries, identities and spaces of belonging

Abstract The practice of ‘coming out again’—relinquishing a non-heterosexual identity and having to subsequently come out again as something else—can have an enormous impact on feelings of belonging in particular social spaces, such as in the gay and lesbian community. These feelings are manifested through the perceived boundaries around sexual identity categories and the specific rules and expectations about how sexual identities should be performed in particular communities. Drawing on interviews with seven Australian women who once identified as lesbian but who had subsequently relinquished this sexual identity, this article examines the boundaries around lesbian identity and the role of the authentic lesbian discourse on women relinquishing their lesbian identities. I describe the consequences that these discourses had for participants on their sense of belonging within both lesbian identities and lesbian communities, and argue that these boundaries are responsible for some women seeing identity change as their only option when they cannot fit into the authentic lesbian discourse. Furthermore, the particular boundaries around lesbian identity contain the space available for the performance of sexual identity, rather than allowing for a genuine fluidity of sexuality and the inclusion of diverse ways of performing sexual identities within non-heterosexual communities.
Hybrid real-time quality assessment model for voice over IP

Call quality assessment is of significant importance for adaptive multimedia transmission in order to support high quality of delivery of multimedia services in current dynamic network environments. Due to the high costs in terms of time and human resources of performing subjective call quality tests, objective quality assessment methods are preferred. Intrusive objective methods are reference-based and speech content dependent, but cannot be done in real-time; non-intrusive objective methods are suitable for real-time quality monitoring, but their results do not reflect the speech content, which is highly related to user quality of experience. In this paper, a novel Hybrid Call Quality (HCQ) assessment model is proposed which combines the benefits of the existing solutions. The HCQ model estimates the call quality using a non-intrusive method at the beginning of the call or voice transmission, and then corrects itself using an intrusive method. The proposed model uses weights when combining the results of the two methods, which are derived from an extensive set of subjective results. Results show that when employing the HCQ model there is higher correlation with the subjective results in comparison with using existing methods.
Developing an effective care package for adults with ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a commonly diagnosed disorder in childhood that often persists into adulthood. Although those with ADHD are classified as having a disability, there has historically been little recognition of ADHD in adults, both in terms of diagnosis and service developments. ADHD can cause significant impairments in a number of aspects of a patient's life, including: an inability to function in academic or work environments, problems sustaining relationships, antisocial behaviour and substance misuse. Effective and comprehensive care plans need to be developed for adults with ADHD that reduce the symptoms, or the impact of symptoms.
The Role of the Elementary School Principal in Program Improvement

In the search for factors that influence school effectiveness, the role of the elementary school principal has emerged as critical. Yet the bulk of past research focused on that role has provided limited insights to explain how principals go about improving the effectiveness of their schools; surprisingly few studies have asked that question directly. Using a framework for planned change, this study assessed the status of knowledge about effective and ineffective principal behaviours. Obstacles that principals face in their attempts at school improvement were also reviewed. Results point to areas of existing knowledge in which confidence can be placed and to useful approaches to subsequent research
Do Teacher Induction and Mentoring Matter?

In recent years there has been a growing interest in support, guidance, and orientation programs-collectively known as induction-for beginning elementary and secondary teachers during the transition into their first teaching jobs. This study examines whether such supports have a positive effect on the retention of beginning teachers. The study alsofocuses on different types and components of induction, including mentoring programs, collective group activities, and the provision of extra resources and reduced workloads. The results indicate that beginning teachers who were provided with multiple supports, were less likely to move to other schools and less likely to leave the teaching occupation altogether after their first year. Some forms of assistance and support, however, did not appear to increase beginners' retention.
Found Poems, Member Checking and Crises of Representation

In order to establish veracity, qualitative researchers frequently rely on member checks to insure credibility by giving participants opportunities to correct errors, challenge interpretations and assess results; however, member checks are not without drawbacks. This paper describes an innovative approach to conducting member checks. Six members of a learning organization participated in two group interviews to examine the use of poetry as a method to promote individual and organizational learning. Several weeks later, participants received a copy of their transcripts and were asked to create a “found poem” to reflect their thoughts and feelings about using poetry as a learning tool. There was resonance between the interview themes produced by traditional open coding methods and those using participant-created found poems. However, the found poems added an emotional depth and connection that was missing from the traditional approach of coding qualitative data. This suggests that participant-created found poems can provide an agentic alternative to the usual method of member checking and also expand the notions of aesthetic approaches within qualitative research.
The Relationship between Illness Complaints and Degree of Crowding in a Prison Environment

Illness complaint rates were examined in relation to degree of crowding in a federal prison and a county jail. It was found that dorm inmates in the prison had higher complaint rates than those in single cells. In the jail inmates in units of high spatial and social density had higher complaint rates than those in less crowded units. These findings suggest that crowding in prisons may induce psychological stress which can be reflected in an increased level of illness complaints.
Interpretation of the Unimaginable: The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, D.C., and “Dark Tourism”

The U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C., has received visitation levels in excess of 2 million per annum since its opening in April 1993. Such a development was not without controversy. The museum’s permanent exhibition contains more than 5,000 artifacts, including photographs, uniforms, letters, and a rail car used to take Jewish prisoners and others to the death camps. Through the use of computer terminals, visitors are able to review records in newspapers, watch film clips, and hear taped interviews with Holocaust survivors. Such a concern with replication and simulation is central to the treatment and analysis of the phenomenon known as “dark tourism” (tourism of sites of death, atrocity, and mass killing). This article analyzes the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum in the context of dark tourism, concluding that the museum’s nature, content, and purpose pose questions about visitor motivation, “dark” attraction development, ethical management, and the interpretation of history.
Cross-lingual adaptation with multi-task adaptive networks

Posterior-based or bottleneck features derived from neural networks trained on out-of-domain data may be successfully applied to improve speech recognition performance when data is scarce for the target domain or language. In this paper we combine this approach with the use of a hierarchical deep neural network (DNN) network structure – which we term a multi-level adaptive network (MLAN) – and the use of multitask learning. We have applied the technique to cross-lingual speech recognition experiments on recordings of TED talks and European Parliament sessions in English (source language) and German (target language). We demonstrate that the proposed method can lead to improvements over standard methods, even when the quantity of training data for the target language is relatively high. When the complete method is applied, we achieve relative WER reductions of around 13% compared to a monolingual hybrid DNN baseline.
Localized changes in olfactory bulb morphology associated with early olfactory learning

Young rats exposed to an odor while receiving reinforcing stimulation come to approach that odor upon subsequent presentation. In addition, such pups have increased 14C‐2‐deoxyglucose (2DG) uptake within focal areas of the glomerular layer in response to that odor, compared to control animals experiencing the odor for the first time. In this study, the morphology of the glomerular areas underlying these 2DG foci was examined to determine whether early olfactory learning imposed local structural changes that could produce the enhanced 2DG uptake. Alternate sections either were processed with a silver and a Nissl stain to label both cell bodies and their processes or were histochemically treated for the mitochondrial enzymes cytochrome oxidase (CO) or succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) to define the glomerular core of the bulb; 2DG autoradiographs were aligned with adjacent stained sections, and regions underlying the high 2DG uptake foci were examined. In odor‐familiar animals, large glomerular clusters that protruded into the external plexiform layer or the olfactory nerve layer were associated with the focal areas of increased 2DG uptake. Morphometric analysis of these regions revealed that the glomerular layer underlying the foci of high 2DG uptake was 30% wider in odor‐familiar animals than comparable areas in odor‐unfamiliar animals; the cross‐sectional areas of individual glomeruli were 21% larger in odor‐familiar animals. The foci of enhanced 2DG uptake therefore appear to be associated with groups of enlarged glomeruli. These data demonstrate that early olfactory learning influences the morphology of the olfactory bulb.
Refugees and the Study of Civil War

This introduction examines the current literature on refugees and civil conflict. Rather than treating refugees as the unfortunate victims of conflict and the by-product of war, recent literature places forced migration squarely within the study of political violence. While humanitarian issues are certainly significant, refugees are also important political actors who play an active part in conflict dynamics. Three themes are considered here: conflict as a cause of forced migration, forced migration as a cause of conflict, and policy responses to refugee flows. This contribution also outlines promising areas for future research and introduces the articles in this special issue.
Decision Making with Uncertain Reinforcement in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Reward-related processes are impaired in children with ADHD. Whether these deficits can be ascribed to an aversion to delay or to an altered responsiveness to magnitude, frequency, valence, or the probability of rewards still needs to be explored. In the present study, children with ADHD and normal controls aged 7 to 10 years performed a simple probabilistic discounting task. They had to choose between alternatives where the magnitude of rewards was inversely related to the probability of outcomes. As a result, children with ADHD opted more frequently for less likely but larger rewards than normal controls. Shifts of the response category after positive or negative feedback, however, occurred as often in children with ADHD as in control children. In children with ADHD, the frequency of risky choices was correlated with neuropsychological measures of response time variability but unrelated to measures of inhibitory control. It is concluded that the tendency to select less likely but larger rewards possibly represents a separate facet of dysfunctional reward processing, independent of delay aversion or altered responsiveness to feedback.
Four-Class Classification of Skin Lesions With Task Decomposition Strategy

This paper proposes a new computer-aided method for the skin lesion classification applicable to both melanocytic skin lesions (MSLs) and nonmelanocytic skin lesions (NoMSLs). The computer-aided skin lesion classification has drawn attention as an aid for detection of skin cancers. Several researchers have developed methods to distinguish between melanoma and nevus, which are both categorized as MSL. However, most of these studies did not focus on NoMSLs such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common skin cancer and seborrheic keratosis (SK) despite their high incidence rates. It is preferable to deal with these NoMSLs as well as MSLs especially for the potential users who are not enough capable of diagnosing pigmented skin lesions on their own such as dermatologists in training and physicians with different expertise. We developed a new method to distinguish among melanomas, nevi, BCCs, and SKs. Our method calculates 828 candidate features grouped into three categories: color, subregion, and texture. We introduced two types of classification models: a layered model that uses a task decomposition strategy and flat models to serve as performance baselines. We tested our methods on 964 dermoscopy images: 105 melanomas, 692 nevi, 69 BCCs, and 98 SKs. The layered model outperformed the flat models, achieving detection rates of 90.48%, 82.51%, 82.61%, and 80.61% for melanomas, nevi, BCCs, and SKs, respectively. We also identified specific features effective for the classification task including irregularity of color distribution. The results show promise for enhancing the capability of the computer-aided skin lesion classification.
Globalization and the Service Workplace

The articles in this volume were part of a workshop on globalization and service work that took place at the Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. In attendance were scholars with an interest these questions and with interdisciplinary perspectives and diversity with respect to their countries of study.Participants came from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, China, South Korea, and Australia and were at various points in their academic careers. A broad array of disciplines were represented, including geography, industrial relations, anthropology, sociology, law, gender studies, and human resource management. The scope of industries studied consisted of health care, call centers, hotels, and restau-rants, and the countries studied included India, China, Africa, Canada, the United States, South Korea, and Australia. Ron Hira from the Rochester Institute of Technology, a leading expert on outsourcing, was the keynote speaker for the workshop, and Steven Frenkel from the Australian School of Business, a leading expert on the service work-force, concluded the workshop by identifying the themes that emerged from the pre-sentations and discussions.This special issue of the