Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-time implementation of a maximum power point tracking algorithm based on first order sliding mode strategy for photovoltaic power systems

This paper focuses on a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm based on the first order sliding mode approach. This work is aimed at systems that are fed with a photovoltaic (PV) generator. The main objective is to act on the panel to ensure that the energy collected is always at its maximum. Because a PV panel frequently suffers from non-linearity of its P-V curves, we propose to work with MPPT controllers based on the first order sliding mode approach; indeed, this approach in general is recognized as one of the efficient tools to design robust controllers. It has received much more attention within the last two decades, and many researchers are dealing with this type of robust controller to ensure optimal operating point of a PV system. The proposed MPPT algorithm has been implemented using a DSPACE DSP (digital signal processor) controller. To demonstrate the efficiency and the validity of the developed algorithm in real time, an experimental setup around a boost converter and a resistive load is experimentally studied and successfully implemented. The real-time validation and the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the efficiency of PV array output under climatic variation and load change. It is a favorable algorithm that is easy to realize.
THE IMPACT OF INTERNET ADDICTION ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF URBAN CULTURE IN RURAL ADOLESCENTS (RELIGIOUSNESS AND SELF-CONTROL FACTORS ANALYSIS)

The phenomenon of internet addiction among rural youth is one of the factors that affect psychosocial and mental health. Intervention is required to help rural adolescents who are addicted to the Internet become more accountable for their responsibilities in life. Efforts to prevent Internet addiction need careful consideration of the conceptual selection of assessments to guide therapies and quantify the influence of Internet addiction's degree of self-control and religion. As a result, the supplied intervention is anticipated to combat internet misuse, which causes rural adolescents to abandon their obligations. Research that focuses on the level of self-control and religiosity in influencing rural youth internet addiction. This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach with multiple regression analysis. This study involved 376 youth aged 14 to 20 years in Bengkulu Province, with 200 male and 176 female participants. The data collection technique uses a scale of religiosity and internet addiction. The results of this study have identified the level of self-control and religiosity influencing internet addiction in rural adolescents. Thus, it can be concluded that religiosity can be used as a basis for practitioners to implement appropriate interventions by looking at the level of self-control to overcome the problem of internet addiction among rural youth by understanding and encouraging adolescents to behave according to levels of obedience, belief, and ethics.
Demodulation of Temperature and Salinity With Variable Sensitivity Matrix Based on Developed Refractive Index of Seawater in Infrared Band

Two-parameter demodulation based on variable sensitivity matrix (VSM) for temperature and salinity (TS) measurement in seawater is proposed based on the developed refractive index (RI) expression of seawater in the infrared band of 1200–1650 nm. The RI expression of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}\,{(}{S},{T}, \lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) is obtained from a great deal of RI data measured by microfiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MMZI) and fit by different methods. The accuracy of the developed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}\,{(}{S},{T},\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) is verified experimentally, and a demodulation error of about 2.5% is reached by the VSM method, which is at least twice lower than the traditional sensitivity matrix used. The VSM and RI expression proposed here will be useful for theoretical or experimental research on optical fiber sensors operated in an infrared band, and they can also be expanded to other sensors based on RI change of seawater.
A study of design trade-off of Skinakas Optical Ground Station upgrade

Optical communications (OC) is an emerging transformative technology for scientific, commercial, and defense applications. Compared to radio-frequency (RF) communications, it can offer higher bandwidth, lower power consumption, and reduced size and mass of transceivers. Narrow, directed beams of light, OC can in principle increase link security and enable optical quantum communication, which provides absolute physical security. Free-space optical satellite networks will employ both satellite-satellite and satellite-Optical Ground Station (OGS) optical links. Optical Communication terminals (OCT) on-board a satellite have to comply to volume and energy limitations, restricting the available optical power and optical system parameters. In this paper, we perform an optical link design trade-off between an OGS and a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite. We study the feasibility of utilizing Skinakas Observatory in Greece as an OGS, for realistic OCT specifications and based on the criterion of link budget. We model an optical downlink and compute the results for various critical parameters of the OCT. Our results confirm the feasibility of such a link for optical communication purposes.
Effects of Forest Transformation on the Fluxes
of Potassium, Calcium, Sodium, and Magnesium
Along with Rainfall Partitioning

Rainfall partitioning is an important pathway of the cycling of base cations in forest ecosystems, as base cations can be rapidly transferred from forest canopy to forest floor along with throughfall and stemflow, replenishing nutrients to soils. These processes can be greatly affected by forest transformation through, for example, altering the structure of forest canopy, but how forest transformation may affect the fluxes of base cations along with rainfall partitioning is rarely addressed in the literature. To evaluate the impacts of forest transformation on base cation cycling with rainfall partitioning, we monitored the concentrations and fluxes of four common base cations, namely potassium (K + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), and sodium (Na + ), of rainfall, throughfall, stemflow, and surface runoff in four types of subtropical forests ( Castanopsis carlesii natural forest, C. carlesii secondary forest, C. carlesii plantation, and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation) after forest transformations during the period from April 2021 to March 2022. The results showed that (1) the amount of throughfall, stemflow, and surface runoff varied significantly among different forest types under essentially the same rainfall conditions; (2) K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ were leached in the canopy, while Na + was absorbed in the canopy during the one-year study period; (3) the net throughfall flux (NTF) of K + and Na + were the largest in the C. carlesii natural forest, while the NTF of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ were the largest in the Cun. lanceolata plantation, and base cations of the NTF were smaller in C. carlesii secondary forest and C. carlesii plantation. Overall, the transformation of C. carlesii natural forest to C. carlesii secondary forest and C. carlesii plantation reduced the NTF of base cations and increased the fluxes of base cations in surface runoff, which may
Association Between Pandemic Fatigue and Subjective Well-Being: The Indirect Role of Emotional Distress and Moderating Role of Self-Compassion

Objectives: As a stressor in the context of COVID-19 pandemic fatigue is associated with well-being. However, how pandemic fatigue is associated with well-being and what protective factors buffer this negative effect are under investigated. Based on the stress process model and emotion regulation theory, the study examined the indirect effect of pandemic fatigue on subjective well-being through emotional distress and the buffering effect of self-compassion. Methods: Data were collected from 1,162 university students (M age = 21.61 ± 2.81, female 35.71%) through an online survey. Indirect effect analysis and conditional process analysis were conducted by the SPSS macro PROCESS. Results: Indirect effect of pandemic fatigue on subjective well-being through emotional distress was identified and self-compassion moderated the association between pandemic fatigue and emotional distress. The indirect effect of pandemic fatigue was weaker among participants with high levels of self-compassion than among those with low levels of self-compassion. Conclusion: Pandemic fatigue was negatively associated with subjective well-being through emotional distress at all levels of self-compassion. The findings deepen our understanding of the link between pandemic fatigue and well-being while considering the indirect role of emotional distress and protective function of self-compassion.
Adaptive Support-Weight Stereo-Matching Approach with Two Disparity Refinement Steps

ABSTRACT Machine vision is used to reconstruct three-dimensional information from images. To perceive depth information of target objects, many techniques in machine vision such as camera calibration, epipolar lines rectification, stereo matching, etc. are considered. In the stereo-matching field which is regarded as a critical step, local and global stereo-matching methods are the two key methods to get the disparity image which is used to calculate the depth information. A local method – Adaptive Support-Weight (ASW) algorithm which has high efficiency and simple structure can obtain comparable accuracy of results with the global method. But in the final disparity image obtained by ASW, there are still some significant mismatching areas. In this paper, ASW and two disparity refinement steps are proposed to refine the accuracy of the disparity image. The mismatching areas in the disparity image are corrected by the two disparity refinement steps which mainly include the variable-cross region, disparity inheritance, and fixed window voting methods. Then, the performance of the proposed algorithm under different parameters is analyzed based on the Middlebury benchmark. Finally, the experimental results show that the accuracy of the disparity image is improved after the disparity refinement steps and the final refined result is comparable to some stereo-matching algorithms.
Waveguide slot antenna and an array antenna

It is directed to solving a problem that designing for a conventional waveguide slot antenna capable of radiating a circularly polarized wave involves complicated calculation, and a resulting circularly polarized wave antenna device can obtain a satisfactory axial ratio only in a narrow band. The present invention provides a waveguide slot antenna which utilizes a waveguide as a feeding line and has a linear-shaped slot provided in a wall of the waveguide. The waveguide slot antenna is characterized in that it comprises a pair of polarized wave conversion members surrounding an outer periphery of the slot and divided by a slit intersecting the slot. The present invention can provide a waveguide slot antenna capable of radiating a circularly polarized wave with a satisfactory axial ratio characteristic, over a wide band, only by adding a simple component to a conventional waveguide slot antenna.
Fabrication and Characterization of Three-Dimensional Microelectromechanical System Coaxial Socket Device for Semiconductor Package Testing

With the continuous reduction in size and increase in density of semiconductor devices, there is a growing demand for contact solutions that enable high-speed testing in automotive, 5G, and artificial intelligence-based devices. Although existing solutions, such as spring pins and rubber sockets, have been effective in various applications, there is still a need for new solutions that accommodate fine-pitch, high-speed, and high-density requirements. This study proposes a novel three-dimensional microelectromechanical system spring structure coaxial socket for semiconductor chip package testing. The socket design incorporates impedance matching for high-speed testing and addresses the challenges of fine-pitch and high-density applications. Mechanical tests are conducted to evaluate the durability of the structure and electrical tests are performed to verify electrical characteristics by utilizing a vector network analyzer up to 60 GHz. Our results have revealed promising performance and will help in further optimizing the design for potential production in the field and industry.
Research on grasping of string foods in the home meal replacement industry

In recent years, automation by industrial robots has been desired in Japanese food manufacturing plants. This paper describes the development of an autonomous robot for automating the preparation of home meal replacement. The serving of lunchtime meals includes not only solid foods such as rice balls, but also string foods such as spaghetti. Unlike solidified foods, string foods require quantitative grasping. However, in the grasping experiments of string foods, the spaghetti deteriorates with time, and thus, a problem arises where an accurate quantitative grasping experiment cannot be performed. Therefore, in this study, we perform a quantitative grasping experiment by deep reinforcement learning using a material like string foods to verify the grasping and serving system for string foods.
A new markovian model for tennis matches

In this paper we present a generalisation of previously considered Markovian models for Tennis that overcome the assumption that the points played are i.i. d. Indeed, we postulate that in any game there are two different situations: the first 6 points and the, possible, additional points after the first deuce, with different winning probabilities. We are able to compute the winning probabilities and the expected number of points played to complete a game and a set in this more general setting. We apply our results considering scores of matches between Novak Djokovic, Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal.
The Effect of Coding Teaching on Students’ Self-Efficacy Perceptions of Technology and Design Courses

The aim of this research was to examine the effect of coding teaching on students’ self-efficacy perceptions of technology and design courses. A consecutive-explanatory design in a combined research model was used in this study. The qualitative dimension of the research was carried out through a random experimental design with pre/post-tests with controlled groups, and the qualitative dimension was conducted through interview techniques. The participants were seventh grade students from Şehit Hüseyin Ruso Secondary school in Lefkoşa, North Cyprus, in the 2016–2017 academic year. The quantitative data were collected through the “Technology and Design Course Self-efficacy Perception Scale”, developed by the researcher, and the qualitative data were collected through interview forms oriented around “Coding Teaching and Revised Technology and Design Course Teaching Program”. The quantitative data were analyzed through related and unrelated sampling t-test, Cohen’s d effect size coefficiency, and two-way variance analyses, and the qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis. A significant difference was observed between the students, taking coding teaching, and self-efficacy perceptions of Technology and Design courses compared to the control groups. Besides, it was noted that students taking coding teaching courses exhibited a positive attitude towards the course, and they practiced their metacognitive thinking and social skills at top levels. Based on the students’ views, it is obvious that coding teaching has a positive effect on their self-efficacy perceptions of the subject.
Discourse integration in positional online news reader comments: Patterns of responsiveness across types of democracy, digital platforms, and perspective camps

Online discourse integration, or the degree to which online user comments are responsive, that is, address or refer to other debate participants, is a normatively valued yet neglected quality dimension of online discussions. This preregistered study features the first cross-country/cross-platform investigation of online discourse integration, using manual and computational content analysis ( N = 9835 and N = 30,753 positional news reader comments). Unexpectedly, about one quarter of the comments was responsive in both majoritarian and consensus-oriented democracies (Australia/United States vs Germany/Switzerland) and on platforms that separate or mix public and private contexts (websites vs Facebook pages of mainstream media), even though other deliberative quality criteria were previously shown to vary by country and platform. Comments that are responsive to fellow commenters in the opposing perspective camp were more likely to contain negative evaluations of those addressed, whereas comments responsive within the same perspective camp were more likely to contain positive evaluations.
Quantitative Profiling of Serum Carnitines Facilitates the Etiology Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction in Heart Failure

Background: The perturbation of fatty acid metabolism in heart failure (HF) has been a critical issue. It is unclear whether the amounts of circulating carnitines will benefit primary etiology diagnosis and prognostic prediction in HF. This study was designed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic values of serum carnitine profiles between ischemic and non-ischemic derived heart failure. Methods: HF patients (non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: DCM-HF, n = 98; ischemic heart disease: IHD-HF, n = 63) and control individuals (n = 48) were enrolled consecutively. The serum carnitines were quantitatively measured using the UHPLC-MS/MS method. All patients underwent a median follow-up of 28.3 months. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed during the prognosis evaluation. Results: Amongst 25 carnitines measured, all of them were increased in HF patients, and 20 acylcarnitines were associated with HF diagnosis independently. Seven acylcarnitines were confirmed to increase the probability of DCM diagnosis independently. The addition of isobutyryl-L-carnitine and stearoyl-L-carnitine to conventional clinical factors significantly improved the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) from 0.771 to 0.832 (p = 0.023) for DCM-HF diagnosis (calibration test for the composite model: Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 = 7.376, p = 0.497 > 0.05). Using a multivariate COX survival analysis adjusted with clinical factors simultaneously, oleoyl L-carnitine >300 nmol/L (HR = 2.364, 95% CI = 1.122–4.976, p = 0.024) and isovaleryl-L-carnitine <100 nmol/L (HR = 2.108, 95% CI = 1.091–4.074, p = 0.026) increased the prediction of all-cause mortality independently, while linoleoyl-L-carnitine >420 nmol/L, succinyl carnitine >60 nmol/L and isovaleryl-L-carnitine <100 nmol/L increased the risk of HF rehospitalization independently. Conclusions: Serum carnitines could not only serve as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers in HF but also benefit the identification of HF primary etiology and prognosis.
Доказательство гамма-гипотезы для трехмерных многообразий Фано с решеткой Пикара ранга 1@@@Proof of the Gamma Conjecture for Fano 3-folds of Picard rank one

We verify the (first) Gamma Conjecture, which relates the gamma class of a Fano variety to the asymptotics at infinity of the Frobenius solutions of its associated quantum differential equation, for all of the 17 deformation classes of rank one Fano 3-folds. Doing this involves computing the corresponding limits (“Frobenius limits”) for the Picard–Fuchs differential equations of Apéry type associated by mirror symmetry to the Fano families, and is achieved by two methods, one combinatorial and one using the modular properties of the differential equations. The Gamma Conjecture for Fano 3-folds always contains a rational multiple of the number ζ(3). We present numerical evidence suggesting that higher Frobenius limits of Apéry-like differential equations may be related to multiple zeta values.
Integrating scRNA and bulk-RNA sequencing develops a cell senescence signature for analyzing tumor heterogeneity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Introduction Cellular senescence (CS) plays a critical role in cancer development, including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Traditional RNA sequencing cannot detect precise molecular composition changes within tumors. This study aimed to analyze cellular senescence’s biochemical characteristics in ccRCC using single RNA sequencing (ScRNA-seq) and traditional RNA sequencing (Bulk RNA-seq). Methods Researchers analyzed the biochemical characteristics of cellular senescence in ccRCC using ScRNA-seq and Bulk RNA-seq. They combined these approaches to identify differences between malignant and non-malignant phenotypes in ccRCC across three senescence-related pathways. Genes from these pathways were used to identify molecular subtypes associated with senescence, and a new risk model was constructed. The function of the gene DUSP1 in ccRCC was validated through biological experiments. Results The combined analysis of ScRNA-seq and Bulk RNA-seq revealed significant differences between malignant and non-malignant phenotypes in ccRCC across three senescence-related pathways. Researchers identified genes from these pathways to identify molecular subtypes associated with senescence, constructing a new risk model. Different subgroups showed significant differences in prognosis level, clinical stage and grade, immune infiltration, immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity. Discussion Senescence signature markers are practical biomarkers and predictors of molecular typing in ccRCC. Differences in prognosis level, clinical stage and grade, immune infiltration, immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity between different subgroups indicate that this approach could provide valuable insights into senescence-related treatment options and prognostic assessment for patients with ccRCC. The function of the gene DUSP1 in ccRCC was validated through biological experiments, confirming its feasibility as a novel biomarker for ccRCC. These findings suggest that targeted therapies based on senescence-related mechanisms could be an effective treatment option for ccRCC.
The elastic, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Bi-Sb binaries: Effect of spin-orbit coupling

Using first principles calculations, we systematically study the elastic stiffness constants, mechanical properties, elastic wave velocities, Debye temperature, melting temperature, and specific heat of several thermodynamically stable crystal structures of Bi$_{x}$Sb$_{1-x}$ ($0 < x < 1$) binaries, which are of great interest due to their numerous inherent rich properties, such as thermoelectricity, thermomagnetic cooling, strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effects, and topological features in the electronic bandstructure. We analyze the bulk modulus ($B$), Young's modulus ($E$), shear modulus ($G$), $B/G$ ratio, and Poisson's ratio ($\nu$) as a function of the Bi concentration in Bi$_{x}$Sb$_{1-x}$. The effect of SOC on above mentioned properties is further investigated. In general, we observe that the SOC effects cause elastic softening in most of the studied structures. Three monoclinic structures of Bi-Sb binaries are found to exhibit significantly large auxeticity. The Debye temperature and the magnitude of the elastic wave velocities monotonically decrease with increasing Bi-concentration. We also discuss the specific heat capacity versus temperature data for all studied binaries. Our theoretical results are in excellent agreement with the existing experimental and theoretical data. The comprehensive understanding of the material properties such as hardness, mechanical strength, melting temperature, propagation of the elastic waves, auxeticity, and heat capacity is vital for practical applications of the studied binaries.