Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drinking episodes during abstinence-oriented inpatient treatment: dual perspectives of patients and therapists--a qualitative analysis.

AIMS Treatment programs are frequently confronted with the consumption of alcohol by patients during therapy. This is in conflict with the abstinence agreement upon admission, which is considered to be instrumental for positive treatment outcomes. This qualitative analysis aims, first, to identify the range of patients' causal attributions, addiction concepts and control strategies detected in the narratives of off-site consumption episodes and, secondly, to compare this inventory with the response of the therapists. METHODS A total of 42 semi-structured face-to face interviews were conducted with patients and their therapists (n = 22) from two major Swiss inpatient alcohol clinics in 2010/2011. Interviews were conducted shortly after the detection of a patient's off-premises alcohol consumption. Textual exploration and systematic coding used ATLAS.ti to identify themes, interpretative categories and prevention strategies shared by the therapists. RESULTS Elements of outpatient-controlled drinking programs are mirrored in the patients' lay strategies, and similarities with self-change mechanisms can be observed. The dimensionality of therapists' views of the consumption incidents-illustrated by their prevention recommendations-proves to be less differentiated than the control strategies and situational framing of the patients. CONCLUSIONS The focus on abstinence only and the adoption of the loss-of-control concept limits therapists' ability to feed patients' reports of their drinking episodes and coping efforts into a strength-based approach including a wider range of treatment outcomes.
A Bayesian subgroup analysis using collections of ANOVA models

We develop a Bayesian approach to subgroup analysis using ANOVA models with multiple covariates, extending an earlier work. We assume a two‐arm clinical trial with normally distributed response variable. We also assume that the covariates for subgroup finding are categorical and are a priori specified, and parsimonious easy‐to‐interpret subgroups are preferable. We represent the subgroups of interest by a collection of models and use a model selection approach to finding subgroups with heterogeneous effects. We develop suitable priors for the model space and use an objective Bayesian approach that yields multiplicity adjusted posterior probabilities for the models. We use a structured algorithm based on the posterior probabilities of the models to determine which subgroup effects to report. Frequentist operating characteristics of the approach are evaluated using simulation. While our approach is applicable in more general cases, we mainly focus on the 2 × 2 case of two covariates each at two levels for ease of presentation. The approach is illustrated using a real data example.
Women in computing around the world

This paper describes the participation of women in computing in more than 30 countries, by focussing on participation at undergraduate level. A brief discussion covers how societal and cultural factors may affect women's participation. Statistics from many different sources are presented for comparison. Generally, participation is low --- most countries fall in the 10-40% range with a few below 10% and a few above 40%.
Simultaneous transapical aortic and mitral valve‐in‐valve implantation for double prostheses dysfunction: Case report and technical insights

Transcatheter “Valve‐in‐Valve” implantation (ViV) has shown promising results in high‐risk patients suffering from structural valve deterioration (SVD) of a previously implanted heart valve bioprosthesis. We present a case of a 68‐year‐old woman with a history of three previous cardiac operations on the aortic and mitral valve. At the time of admission she was severely symptomatic due to a simultaneous SVD of a 23 mm aortic and of a 29 mm mitral St. Jude Biocor bioprosthesis. Because of the history of several cardiac operations and to her comorbidities, the patient was considered with an extremely high surgical risk profile and was therefore scheduled for double concomitant mitral and aortic ViV. Through a trans‐apical approach, the patient underwent 23 and 29 mm Edwards Sapien XT implantation in the aortic and mitral bioprosthesis, respectively. The procedure was uneventful as well as the following hospital stay. At 6‐months follow‐up the patient is in NYHA class I. Echocardiography shows that the aortic bioprosthesis has no leak and the mean gradient is 20 mm Hg while the mitral valve has mild leak and maximum and mean gradients are 21 and 10 mm Hg, respectively. The three main technical aspects that should be carefully considered in double concomitant ViV are: sequence of valve deployment (whether to implant the mitral or the aortic valve first), choice of access and valve sizing. In conclusion, double simultaneous trans‐apical mitral and aortic ViV is technically feasible. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimistic protocols for fair exchange

We describe a generic protocol for fair exchange of electronic goods with non-repudiation. Goods can be signatures (i.e., non-repudiation tokens of public data), confidential data, or payments. The protocol does not involve a third party in the exchange in the fault-less case but only for recovery.
Label Embedding for Zero-shot Fine-grained Named Entity Typing

Named entity typing is the task of detecting the types of a named entity in context. For instance, given “Eric is giving a presentation”, our goal is to infer that ‘Eric’ is a speaker or a presenter and a person. Existing approaches to named entity typing cannot work with a growing type set and fails to recognize entity mentions of unseen types. In this paper, we present a label embedding method that incorporates prototypical and hierarchical information to learn pre-trained label embeddings. In addition, we adapt a zero-shot learning framework that can predict both seen and previously unseen entity types. We perform evaluation on three benchmark datasets with two settings: 1) few-shots recognition where all types are covered by the training set; and 2) zero-shot recognition where fine-grained types are assumed absent from training set. Results show that prior knowledge encoded using our label embedding methods can significantly boost the performance of classification for both cases.
Theorems for identifying undetectable faults in partial-scan circuits

We provide a definition of undetectable faults in partial-scan circuits under a test application scheme where a test consists of primary input vectors applied at-speed between scan operations. We also provide sufficient conditions for a fault to be undetectable under this test application scheme. We present experimental results on finite-state machine benchmarks to demonstrate the effectiveness of these conditions in identifying undetectable faults.
An MIMO-OFDM technique for high-speed mobile channels

In this letter, a new orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) technique for multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) channels is proposed to reduce interchannel interference (ICI) caused by high-speed mobiles in cellular environments. After analyzing the ICI caused by high-speed mobile channels using a simple curve fitting technique, the weighting factor for group transmission is optimized. Then, a new MIMO-OFDM technique, based on the weighting factor optimization, is proposed for reducing ICI caused by time-varying channels. Performances of the proposed technique are verified by using the I-METRA channel, proposed for an MIMO channel to 3GPP, and a MIMO-OFDM simulator designed for macrocellular mobile communication. It is shown by computer simulation that the proposed MIMO-OFDM technique is effective in reducing ICI and noise as well as in obtaining diversity gain even under highly-correlated fast fading channels, compared with the conventional MIMO-OFDM schemes.
Accuracy of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging modalities to diagnose myocarditis

Accuracy of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging modalities to diagnose myocarditis Mavrogeni et al. evaluated cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to diagnose myocarditis as related to endomyocardial biopsy findings. T2-weighted sequences (T2) and T1-weighted early gadolinium enhancement (EGE) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) were assessed in patients with suspected myocarditis. According to Friedrich et al., myocarditis can be predicted with a diagnostic accuracy of 78% if at least two out of three ‘tissue-based’ CMR parameters are positive. The present study suffers from the fact that T2 and EGE were apparently used as inclusion criteria. It is unclear, whether one single or both determinants were required. Thus, 14 out of 85 patients were excluded because T2 and/or EGE were not increased and there was a lack of adequate clinical symptoms/signs of myocarditis. Late gadolinium enhancement was positive in all patients, which raises the question whether its presence was a consequence of the inclusion criteria. A prerequisite of three CMR criteria would result in a stronger selection of patients than suggested. Endomyocardial biopsy was performed in 50 of the 71 patients. Acute myocarditis as defined by histology was found in only 11 patients, and so-called borderline myocarditis in 13, which means that less than half of patients with positive CMR findings, in particular LGE, exhibited myocarditis. Dependent on the inclusion criteria used, it has to be inferred that T2 and EGE were also positive in most or all participants. This means in turn, that the majority of the CMR findings are not supported by histology. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of CMR needs to be specified and compared with previous findings. To date, the used CMR criteria have been associated with unspecific clinical findings of myocarditis only or their diagnostic accuracy was moderate. Cardiac magnetic resonance findings were also unrelated to myocardial virus persistence per se. In the present study, EGE was negatively correlated with LVEF. However, early stages of nonfulminant myocardial inflammation are not usually associated with a deterioration in cardiac function. What else might then contribute to positive CMR findings? We recently examined 300 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, in whom LGE was associated with increased ventricular wall stress and mass. Actually, the authors found that EGE was correlated positively with left ventricular end-systolic volume. We suggest to take into account also ventricular mass and to examine wall stress as a very likely contributor to LGE. Demographic and baseline data of the patients and controls also need to be given.
Long-term beneficial effects of statins on vascular manifestations in patients with systemic sclerosis

We conducted a 24-month, open-label trial to evaluate the long-term effects of statins on vascular symptoms in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Ten patients received 10 mg/day atorvastatin, but two dropped out to treat other organ involvement. Raynaud’s phenomenon, global measures of health, and psychological scales were assessed in addition to circulating angiogenic factors and endothelial activation/injury markers in eight patients at 0 (pretreatment), 1, 3, 12, and 24 months of treatment. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were serially quantified by cell sorting and three-color flow cytometry. There were no adverse events. Raynaud’s phenomenon improved during atorvastatin treatment, with significant reductions in the Raynaud’s Condition Score (P = 0.01) and the patient assessment by visual analog scale (P = 0.0003). SSc-associated upregulation of angiogenic factors and vascular endothelial activation/injury markers were reduced (P < 0.01 for all comparisons). Improvement in these parameters was best at 12 and 24 months of treatment. The EPC number was increased at 1 month of treatment (P < 0.01), but soon dropped below baseline. This pilot study suggests that statins may be beneficial in treating vascular manifestations of SSc, through their pleiotropic effects. However, this treatment did not correct the defect in EPC recruitment.
Improved Simulation of Stabilizer Circuits

The Gottesman-Knill theorem says that a stabilizer circuit\char22{}that is, a quantum circuit consisting solely of controlled-NOT (CNOT), Hadamard, and phase gates\char22{}can be simulated efficiently on a classical computer. This paper improves that theorem in several directions. First, by removing the need for Gaussian elimination, we make the simulation algorithm much faster at the cost of a factor of 2 increase in the number of bits needed to represent a state. We have implemented the improved algorithm in a freely available program called CHP (CNOT-Hadamard-phase), which can handle thousands of qubits easily. Second, we show that the problem of simulating stabilizer circuits is complete for the classical complexity class $\ensuremath{\bigoplus}\mathsf{L}$, which means that stabilizer circuits are probably not even universal for classical computation. Third, we give efficient algorithms for computing the inner product between two stabilizer states, putting any $n$-qubit stabilizer circuit into a ``canonical form'' that requires at most $O({n}^{2}∕\mathrm{log}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}n)$ gates, and other useful tasks. Fourth, we extend our simulation algorithm to circuits acting on mixed states, circuits containing a limited number of nonstabilizer gates, and circuits acting on general tensor-product initial states but containing only a limited number of measurements.
Median epidural septum and multiple cannulation

straight forward loading. pulling the catheter through an axially aligned fixed needle and a catheter looped back on itself after passing through the fixed needle. Loading tests on polyvinyl catheters showed that straight forward loading produced breaking loads of 2&25 N and that the catheter stretched to several times its original length. When the catheter was pulled through an axially aligned fixed needle, it showed thinning of the catheter as it stretched, but without contact with the cutting surface of the needle. When the catheter was looped back on itself after passing through a fixed needle, the cutting edge sliced through the catheter with a very little applied load (below 1 N). An epidural catheter passed through a successfully placed epidural needle can be abnormally placed,* or may knot within the epidural space. ' I t isessential to reemphasise that in the above situations both the epidural needle and the catheter should be removed simultaneously, because if the catheter is pulled out on its own. it may be sheared by the cutting edge of the needle or. if it has lodged abnormally, the catheter can stretch to a considerable length before breaking.
Fractional Frequency Synthesizers With Low Order Time-Variant Digital Sigma-Delta Modulator

This paper proposes the use of a digital ΣΔ modulator with pseudorandom variation of coefficients. The method improves PLL-based Fractional Frequency Synthesizer's performance while using a low order digital ΣΔ modulator. The time variant coefficients, in a low order digital ΣΔ modulator, significantly enlarge the pseudorandom output pattern period thus avoiding critical spur tones in the fractional synthesizer's phase-noise. Behavioral simulations let us verify that the proposed technique operates better than a higher order modulator with additive dither. With a low order ΣΔ architecture, the programmable divider phase-selection logic and frequency range of operation parameters can be relaxed.
Low-cost and facile implementation of microfluidic colour-changing devices using dry film photoresist-based moulds

Abstract In this work, different microfluidic colour-changing devices are implemented by using dry film photoresist-based moulds instead of standard photolithography moulds. EtertecHT-115T negative dry film photoresist is employed to realise the rapid fabrication of the moulds for colour-changing layers. The major factors that may affect the fidelity of the dry film moulds during fabrication are summarised and analysed, including the optimum exposure times and the appropriate developing times. Especially, the impacts of different concentrations of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution on developing rate are investigated for 1–5 layers (50–250 μm thick) of EtertecHT-115T dry film photoresists by experiments. The created dry film moulds show the advantages of low cost, high manufacturing efficiency and requiring no professional training. Each application of the microfluidic colour-changing devices presents high transparency and good colour-changing effect. The microfluidic colour-changing layers based on dry film moulds can be used in different wearable devices of human, and also can be applied for realising surface camouflage and display functions of soft machines/robotics.
On using query neighbourhood for better navigation through a product catalog: SMART approach

We present an approach for efficient navigation through an on-line product catalog. The goals of the approach are (i) to support a user in a step-by-step searching for a product and (ii) to ensure the product he has found is the best solution for his need. The product database is based on a light-weighted ontology and structured in the form of a lattice that enables hierarchicals clustering of users' requests. It means that a user can navigate from a very general product-attribute cluster, which satisfies user's buying need and contains a lot of products, to the very specific clusters that seem to contain a few, but for the user highly relevant, products. In each navigation step, the user is provided with the minimal set of navigation alternatives. In order to enhance the processing of the lattice, the partial ordering of the products-attributes clusters is computed using methods from formal concept analysis.
Reflective functioning, maternal attachment, mind-mindedness, and emotional availability in adolescent and adult mothers at infant 3 months

ABSTRACT The study evaluated reflective functioning (RF), maternal attachment, mind-mindedness, and emotional availability among 44 adolescent mother–infant dyads and 41 adult mother–infant dyads. At infant age 3 months, mother–infant interaction was coded with the mind-mindedness coding system and Emotional Availability Scales; mother attachment and RF were evaluated with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Adolescent mothers (vs. adult mothers) were more insecure and had lower RF; they were also less sensitive, more intrusive and hostile, and less structuring of their infant’s activity; they used fewer attuned mind-related comments and fewer mind-related comments appropriate to infant development. In adult mothers, the Mother Idealizing and Lack of Memory AAI scales were correlated to non-attuned mind-related comments and the Father Anger scale to negative mind-related comments. In adult mothers, RF was associated with sensitivity. This was not the case with adolescent mothers. In both groups of mothers, there were no associations between sensitivity and mind-mindedness.
Chapter 3 ANALYZING METAGENOMIC DATA : INFERRING MICROBIAL COMMUNITY FUNCTION WITH MG-RAST

Application of massively parallel throughput DNA sequencing technologies to the generation of metagenomic datasets from environmental samples is presently transforming the field of microbiology. Whereas traditional (Sanger-based) DNA sequencing technology imparted a high economic cost on data generation, the development of “next-generation” technologies now make the large-scale generation of sequence data required for studying complex microbial communities feasible. Therefore, molecular-based approaches to inferring the structure of microbial communities based on the cataloging of PCR amplified small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) encoding genes can now be complemented with the inference of the function of these communities via shotgun sequencing strategies. However, significant hurdles in analyzing sequence data at this scale include: (1) efficient strategies for identifying the gene content (annotation), (2) providing web-based interfaces for comparing datasets from different samples, and (3) applying statistical methods to guide identification of relevant gene sets for further study. The MG-RAST (MetaGenome Rapid Annotation using Subsystems Technology) system is one solution that has found widespread use in the analysis of metagenome-derived datasets. In this chapter, the underlying structure of the publically accessible MG-RAST resource and how it addresses the aforementioned hurdles will be discussed. Additionally, future challenges will be identified in relation to the expected increase of data output from DNA sequencing platforms. Dionysios A. Antonopoulos, Elizabeth M. Glass and Folker Meyer 2
Cullin E3 Ligases and Their Rewiring by Viral Factors

The ability of viruses to subvert host pathways is central in disease pathogenesis. Over the past decade, a critical role for the Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) in counteracting host immune factors during viral infection has emerged. This counteraction is commonly achieved by the expression of viral proteins capable of sequestering host ubiquitin E3 ligases and their regulators. In particular, many viruses hijack members of the Cullin-RING E3 Ligase (CRL) family. Viruses interact in many ways with CRLs in order to impact their ligase activity; one key recurring interaction involves re-directing CRL complexes to degrade host targets that are otherwise not degraded within host cells. Removal of host immune factors by this mechanism creates a more amenable cellular environment for viral propagation. To date, a small number of target host factors have been identified, many of which are degraded via a CRL-proteasome pathway. Substantial effort within the field is ongoing to uncover the identities of further host proteins targeted in this fashion and the underlying mechanisms driving their turnover by the UPS. Elucidation of these targets and mechanisms will provide appealing anti-viral therapeutic opportunities. This review is focused on the many methods used by viruses to perturb host CRLs, focusing on substrate sequestration and viral regulation of E3 activity.
Collaborative Multiagent Learning : A Survey

The field of Multiagent Systems is concerned with domains where several agents interact while solving competitive or cooperative tasks. Increasingly complex problem domains involving non-trivial numbers of agents revealed inherent difficulties with creating such systems. As such, the field witnessed a recent increased interest in Machine Learning techniques, capable of easing the programming efforts for approaching more challenging domains. Despite the relative youth of the field, there are already several hundreds of papers trying to answer interesting questions in domains where learning affects the behavior of more than a single agent. Such questions target issues as varied as learning to communicate, modeling other agents in the environment, learning to compete or cooperate with the other agents, analysis of optimality for the learning algorithms, and many others. The large variety of papers generates a desirability for good surveys categorizing previous work. We argue that there are two alternatives for learning in multiagent systems. A first direction is to have each individual agent learn how to improve its performance. The alternative is to have a single learning process that improves the behavior of the entire team of agents. Because of scalability problems with respect to increased numbers of agents, the majority of machine learning techniques can not be realistically applied to learn team behaviors. We discovered that most previous surveys concentrate on individual agents’ learning, but neglect approaches at the