Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neutrophils in cancer development and progression: Roles, mechanisms, and implications (Review)

After the publication of the article, the authors noted that there was a wrong citation for reference 116. This might be caused by reference formating software during writing. The wrongly cited reference in the article: 116. Chen X, Sun J, Song Y, Gao P, Zhao J, Huang X, Liu B, Xu H and Wang Z: The novel long noncoding RNA AC138128.1 may be a predictive biomarker in gastric cancer. Med Oncol 31: 262, 2014. Should be replaced with the right one as shown below: 116. Chen L, Li Q, Zhou XD, Shi Y, Yang L, Xu SL, Chen C, Cui YH, Zhang X and Bian XW: Increased pro-angiogenic factors, infiltrating neutrophils and CD163(+) macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from lung cancer patients. Int Immunopharmacol 20: 74-80, 2014. Furthermore, we regret any inconvenience this mistake has caused. [the original article was published in the International Journal of Oncology 49: 857-867, 2016; DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016. 3616].
Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems

Broadband wireless access systems deployed in residential and business environments are likely to face hostile radio propagation environments, with multipath delay spread extending over tens or hundreds of bit intervals. Orthogonal frequency-division multiplex (OFDM) is a recognized multicarrier solution to combat the effects of such multipath conditions. This article surveys frequency domain equalization (FDE) applied to single-carrier (SC) modulation solutions. SC radio modems with frequency domain equalization have similar performance, efficiency, and low signal processing complexity advantages as OFDM, and in addition are less sensitive than OFDM to RF impairments such as power amplifier nonlinearities. We discuss similarities and differences of SC and OFDM systems and coexistence possibilities, and present examples of SC-FDE performance capabilities.
The Effect of Changes in Visible Area on Facial Recognition

The proportion of a human face which needs to be visible for correct identification was investigated. Photographs of familiar public faces were presented under two conditions: (i) the facial photographs were original photographs with local information; and (ii) the facial photographs were blurred, with high spatial frequencies removed and with no local information. Subjects could scan the face as they wished through a moveable window generated by a TV system and had to identify the depicted person as quickly as possible. Window size was varied systematically. The main study showed that, in spite of including only its local features, a familiar facial photograph could be perfectly identified when the visual window covered one-fifth of the whole face, and that a global image of the whole face was obtained when nearly half of the whole face was processed simultaneously. The structure of the memory image of the face is discussed in the light of the results obtained.
Do all roads lead to inequality? Trends in French upper secondary school analysed with four longitudinal surveys

Over the last 45 years, two major trends have characterised French educational policies: a voluntary move towards widening access to upper secondary school and a related diversification of the diplomas available at the end of it, especially through the creation of the technological baccalauréat in 1968 and the vocational baccalauréat in 1985. In the context of educational expansion, to what extent are these successive reforms of upper secondary education curriculum associated with changes in classed and gendered trajectories through the system? Our empirical evidence is derived from four large‐scale longitudinal surveys, which have never been analysed together yet: the 1962‐1972 INED survey (N=15,154), 1980‐1990 Panel study (N=19,701), 1989‐2001 Panel study (N=20,524) and 1995‐2006 Panel study (N=17,157). We use advanced log‐linear and log‐multiplicative models on contingency tables. We find that, when baccalauréat is measured as a dichotomy between holders and non‐holders, class inequality has decreased since the 1960s. However, when subtler differentiations between baccalauréat types are taken into account, the strength of class inequality is shown to be constant over time, supporting Lucas’s (2001) ‘Effectively Maintained Inequality’ hypothesis. Further results related to change in the pattern of inequality at the baccalauréat level, especially gendered class inequality, are also presented and discussed.
Self-Monitoring Scale

Factor analyses of Snyder's Self-Monitoring Scale were conducted with two samples of introduction, psychology, students obtained during consecutive rears. Four factors replicated across years for both males and females: theatric al acting ability, sociability/social anxiety, other-directedness, and speaking ability. The correlations of these factors with several personality instruments were examined to aid in interpreting the factors. The findings indicated that this scale is not unidimensional, raising the possibility that some of its factors, notably sociability/social anxiety,, mat, interact differentially with characteristics of experimental situations.
Hyperfamiliarity for faces

Objective: To report 4 cases of hyperfamiliarity for faces (HFF) and review 5 previously reported cases. Methods: We identified cases of HFF from PubMed search and references in prior reports. Results: Three of our 4 cases had pathologic findings that were most extensive in the left temporal lobe. HFF occurred after a tonic-clonic seizure (cases 1 and 3), during simple partial seizures (case 2), and in the setting of an increase in simple partial seizure frequency but not during seizures (case 4). All 9 cases were adults with 1 or more seizures; symptoms first occurred after seizures in 5 cases and during seizures in 1 case. Ictal symptoms lasted from seconds to minutes and from 2 days to more than 7 years in the other 6 cases. The duration of HFF was not associated with the presence or extent of a structural lesion. While in several cases HFF appears to result from a postictal Todd paralysis, the mechanism underlying persistent cases is uncertain. Conclusions: This modality (visual)–specific and stimulus (face)–specific syndrome is associated with diverse structural, functional imaging, and neurophysiologic findings. Lesions are more often left-sided and involve the temporal lobe. Epilepsy and seizures were present in all 9 cases, suggesting a pathophysiologic relationship, which likely varies among cases. Although only reported in 9 patients, HFF is probably much more common than it is diagnosed.
Central control of electric signaling behavior in the mormyrid Brienomyrus brachyistius: segregation of behavior-specific inputs and the role of modifiable recurrent inhibition

SUMMARY Like all mormyrid fish, Brienomyrus brachyistius produces an electric organ discharge (EOD) with a constant waveform and variable sequence of pulse intervals (SPI). Periodic bursts fall into two display categories termed `scallops' and `accelerations', with a third category termed `rasps' that appears to combine the two. The medullary EOD command nucleus (CN) receives excitatory input from the midbrain precommand nucleus (PCN) and the thalamic dorsal posterior nucleus (DP), both of which are regulated by a recurrent inhibitory projection from the ventroposterior nucleus of the torus semicircularis (VP). We tested the following hypotheses: (1) PCN and DP are responsible for generating different burst types (scallops and accelerations, respectively), (2) differences in the strength of recurrent inhibition are related to physiological differences between PCN and DP and (3) recurrent inhibition regulates the resting electromotor rhythm, while disinhibition releases PCN and DP, allowing them to generate bursts. Iontophoresis of the excitatory neurotransmitter l-glutamate (l-Glu) into DP led to acceleration-like output patterns, while in PCN it led to scallop-like output patterns. Iontophoresis of the inhibitory neurotransmitterγ -amino-butyric acid (GABA) into DP and PCN led to an elongation of intervals, as did iontophoresis of l-Glu into VP. Iontophoresis of the GABAA receptor blocker bicuculline methiodide (BMI) into DP and PCN induced repetitive bursting behavior and eliminated differences in the effects of l-Glu iontophoresis in the two nuclei. These results support our three hypotheses, suggesting that production of different communication behaviors may be regulated by spatially distinct groups of neurons, and recurrent inhibition and disinhibition may play an active role in driving and shaping such behaviors.
Educational Problems and Solutions in Turkey: The Views of District Governors

The main purpose of this article is to assess the opinions of district governors, who are the highest ranked civilian authority within a district, on educational problems and solutions at the local level. A qualitative research approach was utilized. The district governors believe that they have a very significant and active role in raising standards of education in Turkey. The findings show that district governors spend a considerable amount of time on education-related issues. The district governors asserted that central government should simply determine the general policies concerning education and provide them with more authority.
Studies at the interface of child language and models of language acquisition

This commentary on this special issue underscores the importance of experimental design, suggesting that less than optimal methodology can lead to errors on the part of children (and adults) that are sometimes interpreted as stemming from other sources, including processing limitations or problems with an ‘interface. ’ Methodological remarks aside, the syntax–discourse interface stands out as problematic and the source of much debate about transfer between languages, yet to be resolved. Many of the articles in this issue make clear, however, that children’s hypotheses about language frequently fail to reflect the input and can be seen as reflecting options made available by Universal Grammar.
Enhancing Network Security by Software Vulnerability Detection Using Social Media Analysis Extended Abstract

Detecting attacks that are based on unknown security vulnerabilities is a challenging problem. The timely detection of attacks based on hitherto unknown vulnerabilities is crucial for protecting other users and systems from being affected as well. To know the attributes of a novel attack's target system can support automated reconfiguration of firewalls and sending alerts to administrators of other vulnerable targets. We suggest a novel approach of post-incident intrusion detection by utilizing information gathered from real-time social media streams. To accomplish this we take advantage of social media users posting about incidents that affect their user accounts of attacked target systems or their observations about misbehaving online services. Combining knowledge of the attacked systems and reported incidents, we should be able to recognize patterns that define the attributes of vulnerable systems. By matching detected attribute sets with those attributes of well-known attacks, we furthermore should be able to link attacks to already existing entries in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures database. If a link to an existing entry is not found, we can assume to have detected an exploitation of an unknown vulnerability, i.e., a zero day exploit or the result of an advanced persistent threat. This finding could also be used to direct efforts of examining vulnerabilities of attacked systems and therefore lead to faster patch deployment.
Parental age influences offspring telomere loss

1. The age of the parents at the time of offspring production can influence offspring longevity, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The effect of parental age on offspring telomere dynamics (length and loss rate) is one mechanism that could be important in this context. 2. Parental age might influence the telomere length that offspring inherit or age-related differences in the quality of parental care could influence the rate of offspring telomere loss. However, these routes have generally not been disentangled. 3. Here, we investigated whether parental age was related to offspring telomere dynamics using parents ranging in age from 2 to 22 years old in a free-living population of a long-lived seabird, the European shag (Phalacrocorax aristotelis). By measuring the telomere length of offspring at hatching and towards the end of the post-natal growth period, we could assess whether any potential parental age effect was confined to the post-natal rearing period. 4. There was no effect of maternal or paternal age on the initial telomere length of their chicks. However, chicks produced by older mothers and fathers experienced significantly greater telomere loss during the post-natal nestling growth period. We had relatively few nests in which the ages of both parents were known, and individuals in this population mate assortatively with respect to age. Thus, we could not conclusively determine whether the parental age effect was due to maternal age, paternal age, or both; however, it appears that the effect is stronger in mothers. 5. These results demonstrate that in this species, there was no evidence that parental age was related to offspring hatching telomere length. However, telomere loss during nestling growth was reduced in the offspring of older parents. This could be due to an age-related deterioration in the quality of the environment that parents provide, or because parents that invest less in offspring rearing live to an older age.
Factor Analysis of a System of Students' Learning Styles

Teachers' ratings of their students on a 40-item learning style checklist based on Rosenberg's descriptive theory of four learning styles were factor analyzed for a predominantly black sample of 377 eighth-grade students. The factor analysis identified four orthogonal factors which corresponded to the four hypothesized learning styles: undisciplined, creative, acceptance-anxious, and rigid-inhibited. Implications for the potential utility of this system in the classroom setting are discussed.
Survey of radiology residents: breast imaging training and attitudes.

PURPOSE To investigate the training and attitudes of residents regarding breast imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS A telephone survey was conducted with 201 4th-year residents (postgraduate medical school year 5) and 10 3rd-year residents (postgraduate medical school year 4) at 211 accredited radiology residencies in the United States and Canada. Survey topics included organization of the breast imaging section, residents' role in the section, clinical practice protocols of the training institution, residents' personal thoughts about breast imaging, and their interest in performing breast imaging in the future. RESULTS Of 211 programs, 203 (96%) had dedicated breast imaging rotations; 196 (93%) rotations were 8 weeks or longer; 153 (73%), 12 weeks or longer. Residents dictated reports in 199 (94%) programs. Residents performed real-time ultrasonography (US) in 186 (88%) programs, needle localization in 199 (94%), US-guided biopsy in 174 (82%), and stereotactically guided biopsy in 181 (86%). One hundred eighty-four (87%) residents rated interpretation of mammograms more stressful than they did that of other images, and 137 (65%) believed mammograms should be interpreted by subspecialists. One hundred thirty-five (64%) residents would not consider a fellowship in breast imaging if offered, and 133 (63%) would not want to spend 25% or more of their time in clinical practice on interpretation of mammograms. The most common reasons given for not considering a fellowship or interpretation of mammograms were that breast imaging was not an interesting field, that they feared lawsuits, and that it was too stressful. Fellowships were offered at 53 programs, and at 46 programs, a total of 63 fellows were recruited. CONCLUSION Residency training in breast imaging has improved in terms of time and curriculum. However, a majority of the residents would not consider a fellowship and did not want to interpret mammograms in their future practices.
Coordinated beam selection in LTE-Advanced HetNets: A reinforcement learning approach

Endowing Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) with Self-Organizing Network (SON) capabilities is instrumental in helping operators cope with small cell densification and network heterogeneity. In this paper, we assess how coordination among neighboring small cells helps control interference so as to improving the cell-edge throughput. The strategic coexistence between the macro- and small cell tier is examined, in which MIMO-capable small cells coordinate their downlink transmission, while adhering to the cross-tier interference constraint. Inspired from reinforcement learning (RL) framework, the proposed solution is totally decentralized, in which small cells jointly estimate their long-term utility functions, and optimize their beam selection strategies based on a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) feedback. The proposed beam selection procedure is validated in an extensive LTE-A HetNet simulator with a comparison with existing solutions, such as the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) based beam selection method and uncoordinated MIMO transmission. Interestingly, the coordination-based solution is shown to yield substantial gains in terms of cell-edge throughput of up to 230% compared to the MMSE-based approach and 170% compared to the uncoordinated transmission.
Polydipsia and hyponatremia in psychiatric patients.

Many psychiatric patients have polydipsia and polyuria without identifiable underlying medical causes. Hyponatremia develops in some polydipsic patients and can progress to water intoxication with such symptoms as confusion, lethargy, psychosis, and seizures or death. This syndrome is sometimes called "compulsive water drinking," "psychogenic polydipsia," and "self-induced water intoxication. " Although the underlying pathophysiology of the syndrome is unclear, several factors have been implicated in producing polydipsia and symptomatic hyponatremia. These include a possible hypothalamic defect, the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH), and neuroleptic medication. Evaluation of psychiatric patients with polydipsia includes a search for other medical causes of polydipsia, polyuria, hyponatremia, and SIADH. Treatment modalities currently available include fluid restriction and medications.
IQ and Delinquency: A Response to Harry and Minor

Hirschi, T. 1969. Causes of Delinquency. Berkeley: University of California Press. Hirschi, T. , and M. J. Hindelang. 1977. "Intelligence and Delinquency: A Revisionist Review. " American Sociological Review 42:571-87. Mehrens, W. A. , and I. J. Lehmann. 1980. Standardized Tests in Education. 3d ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Rosenberg, M. 1968. The Logic of Survey Analysis. New York: Basic.
Overcurrent protection of capacitors applied on industrial distribution systems

The authors review different considerations in the selection of capacitor fuse applications and the philosophies behind them. Individual and group fusing is discussed. Continuous current, transient current, fault current, tank rupture curve coordination, the voltage on good capacitors during a fault, the energy discharged into a failed unit, outrush current, and coordination with unbalanced detection schemes are topics covered. Examples of actual applications of capacitors in industrial distribution systems are presented. <<ETX>>
A Theory of the Behavioral Power of Nations

Nations are said to be behaviorally powerful to the extent they can influence the behavior of other nations. An analytical model of this process is developed based upon the existence of a statistical equilibrium in international political exchange, and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed. This formulation is empirically examined using interaction data taken from the COPDAB data bank. After presenting the static results for 132 nation-states, the behavioral power of the 10 most powerful nation-states is empirically examined and discussed over time (1948-1978) in the separate dimensions of conflict and cooperation, as well as the combined dimension of total interaction. The ability to influence multilateral politics through conflict behavior is found to be quite distinct from the ability to use cooperation as a means of influence.
Time and space in conceptual and logical semantics: the notion of Path

Jackendoff's treatment of Time and Space in his conceptual semantics is investigated in some detail. It is argued that his localistic system, which seems to account quite satisfactorily for directional phrases, can be made suitable for incorporation into a standard model-theoretic framework. This requires that Jackendoff's formalism, in particular his feature system, be interpreted in terms of semantic objects that are characterized settheoretically. This provides for a general treatment of sentences like John walked to the store and Judith ate three sandwiches, which behave similarly with respect to aspectuality.
Detecting specular highlights in dermatological images

There is an increasing interest in computer-aided diagnosis of skin cancers through analysis of dermatological images. This is processing that attempts to correlate diagnosis with skin lesion appearance (i.e., the image), by extracting visual features such as colour, pigmentation, size, etc. Presence of glare (specular highlights) can confuse such systems; highlights may obscure skin surface details and appear as additional features that are not intrinsic to the lesion. In this paper, we put forward a simple method to detect specular highlights specific to dermatological images. Knowledge of the location of specularities is advantageous since it allows us to then deal with them, either by excluding them from further processing or by attempting to recover the image data in specular regions. The proposed method is built on the dichromatic reflection model and, in a novel step, uses non-negative matrix factorization with sparseness constraints to separate the specular component.
Effects of Age and Sex on Speed and Accuracy of Hand Movements: And the Refinements they Suggest for Fitts' Law

Based on modifications of Fitts' Law suggested in the literature, 121 unique formulas were tested against reciprocal tapping data from 1,318 subjects (1,047 males and 271 females) who participated in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging from 1960 to 1981 in order to determine the best formula (based on the standard error of estimate) and to examine age and sex differences using this formula. The best formula for males differed from that found for females, resulting in a set of new formulas which take into consideration age and sex and which fit the experimental data better than past formulations. While females were faster than males and young were faster than the old, a substantial portion of age and sex differences might be explained by a speed-accuracy tradeoff.