Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation machinery is involved in development and reproduction in the viviparous pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum)

The pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) like the majority of extant aphids displays cyclical parthenogenesis - the ability of mothers to switch the reproductive mode of their offspring from reproducing parthenogenetically to sexually in response to environmental cues. The pea aphid genome encodes two paralogs of the de novo DNA methyltransferase gene, dnmt3a and dnmt3x. Here we show, using phylogenetic analysis, that this gene duplication event occurred at least 106 million years ago, likely after the divergence of the lineage leading to the Aphidomorpha (aphids, phylloxera and adelgids) from that leading to the scale insects (Coccoidea) and that the two paralogs are maintained in the genomes of all aphids examined. We also show that the mRNA of both dnmt3 paralogs are maternally expressed in the viviparous aphid ovary. During development both paralogs are expressed in the germ cells of embryos beginning at stage 5 and persisting throughout development. Chemical inhibition of the DNA methylation machinery leads to defects of oocytes and early stage embryos, and causes a proportion of later stage embryos to be born dead or die soon after birth. These phenotypes suggest a role for DNA methyltransferases in reproduction, consistent with that seen in other insects. Taking the vast evolutionary history of the dnmt3 paralogs, and the localization of their mRNAs in the ovary, we suggest there is a role for dnmt3a and/or dnmt3x in early development, and a role for DNA methylation machinery in reproduction and development of the viviparous pea aphid.
Distinct sets of molecular characteristics define tumor-rejecting neoantigens

Challenges in identifying tumor-rejecting neoantigens limit the efficacy of neoantigen vaccines to treat cancers, including cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). A minority of human cSCC tumors shared neoantigens, supporting the need for personalized vaccines. Using a UV-induced mouse cSCC model which recapitulated the mutational signature and driver mutations found in human disease, we found that CD8 T cells constrain cSCC. Two MHC class I neoantigens were identified that constrained cSCC growth. Compared to the wild-type peptides, one tumor-rejecting neoantigen exhibited improved MHC binding and the other had increased solvent accessibility of the mutated residue. Across known neoantigens that do not impact MHC binding, structural modeling of the peptide/MHC complexes indicated that increased solvent accessibility, which will facilitate TCR recognition of the neoantigen, distinguished tumor-rejecting from non-immunogenic neoantigens. This work reveals characteristics of tumor-rejecting neoantigens that may be of considerable importance in identifying optimal vaccine candidates in cSCC and other cancers.
Bending Unwinds DNA

In biology, DNA is often tightly bent to small radii. Solely based on the groove asymmetry, a 30-year-old theoretical paper predicted that such bending should unwind DNA, but this effect has not been directly experimentally quantified so far. We developed a ligation-based assay with nicked DNA circles of variable length, thereby decoupling the twist-dependent ligation efficiency from the large bending strain which dominates conventional circularization assays. We demonstrate that tightly bent DNA indeed unwinds to over 11 base pairs/turn, exactly as predicted. Our discovery requires reassessing the molecular mechanisms and energetics of all processes where DNA is tightly bent or relaxed again, including DNA packaging, gene regulation and expression. One-Sentence Summary When DNA is bent to radii found in nucleosomes and regulatory elements, its helical repeat increases to over 11 base pairs/turn.
Ion-channel degeneracy and heterogeneities in the emergence of signature physiological characteristics of dentate gyrus granule cells

Complex systems are neither fully determined nor completely random. Biological complex systems, including single neurons, manifest intermediate regimes of randomness that recruit integration of specific combinations of functionally segregated subsystems. Such emergence of biological function provides the substrate for the expression of degeneracy, the ability of disparate combinations of subsystems to yield similar function. Here, we present evidence for the expression of degeneracy in morphologically realistic models of dentate gyrus granule cells (GC) through functional integration of disparate ion-channel combinations. We performed a 45-parameter randomized search spanning 16 active and passive ion channels, each biophysically constrained by their gating kinetics and localization profiles, to search for valid GC models. Valid models were those that satisfied 17 sub- and supra-threshold cellular-scale electrophysiological measurements from rat GCs. A vast majority (>99%) of the 15,000 random models were not electrophysiologically valid, demonstrating that arbitrarily random ion-channel combinations wouldn’t yield GC functions. The 141 valid models (0.94% of 15,000) manifested heterogeneities in and cross-dependencies across local and propagating electrophysiological measurements, which matched with their respective biological counterparts. Importantly, these valid models were widespread throughout the parametric space and manifested weak cross-dependencies across different parameters. These observations together showed that GC physiology could neither be obtained by entirely random ion-channel combinations nor is there an entirely determined single parametric combination that satisfied all constraints. The complexity, the heterogeneities in measurement and parametric spaces, and degeneracy associated with GC physiology should be rigorously accounted for, while assessing GCs and their robustness under physiological and pathological conditions. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Application of Geosteering System Based On GR and Resistivity LWD

The LWD's important value is proved by the practice of geosteering drilling technology.Three methods of spectral GR and resistivity LWD applied in the geosteering drilling are summarized,e.g.,nearbit survey,MWD based on prediction while drilling,and LWD azimuthal GR and resistivity measurement.The LWD GR and resistivity realtime interpretation methods are described.Strata correlation,reservoir fluid identification and reservoir description are realized by comparing the LWD GR and resistivity data with the predetermined geological features of reservoirs according to the lithologic characteristics,lithology logging and reservoir physical properties.The calibration methods of LWD GR and resistivity are explained.By the normalized calibration,accurate data is provided for the LWD interpretation.Geosteering system based on spectral GR and resistivity LWD is illustrated,it can be achieved by combining LWD data with different strata characteristics,adjacent wells data and porosity interpretation model derived from logs without the parameter of porosity.
Estimation of Nutrient Export Coefficient from Different Land Use Types in Xitiaoxi Watershed

Nutrient export coefficient of land use is an important parameter for constructing model of non-point source pollution.Xitiaoxi watershed located in Taihu lake region,11 representative sub-watersheds were delineated and selected by GIS.Land use data derived from Spot satellite images in 2004.TN/TP concentrations were measured by 3 times in Jul.,Sep.and Dec.of 2004 at outlets of these sub-watersheds.The relationship between land use composition and nutrient export was qualitatively analyzed,the result showed that nutrient export increase with a higher percentage of arable land area and a lower percentage of forest land area.Based on this result,the quantitative equation between percentage of land use area and TN/TP concentration was established.TN/TP export coefficient for arable land is 4.747 3 mg/L and 0.089 6 mg/L,and TN/TP export coefficient for forest land is 0.271 3 mg/L and 0.007 5 mg/L.
The Influence of Self-Perceptions of Attractiveness on Substance Use: Sex Differences in Predictors of Alcohol Consumption in College Students

Prior research demonstrates the negative relationship between self-esteem and alcohol use (Emery, 1993; Page, 1995; Winter, 2017), and prior research demonstrates how self-perceptions of attractiveness are fundamentally important (Barkow 1978; Wade, 2000, 2003). However, there is a paucity of research regarding exactly how self-perceptions of attractiveness, and mate value, which are related to self-esteem (Wade, Thompson, Tashakkori, Thompson, & Valente 1989; Tashakkori, Thompson, Wade, & Valente, 1990; Wade, 2000, 2003), influence alcohol consumption habits in college men and women. Using undergraduates, (66.4% female, 83.4% Caucasian), the present study examined how self-perceived attractiveness, self-esteem, mate value, sociosexuality, and sex of participant affect alcohol consumption. Lower self-perceptions of attractiveness, and mate value were hypothesized to be associated with increased alcohol use, particularly among women. The results were partially consistent with the hypothesis. A sex difference occurred such that self-perceived mate value was a significant positive predictor of alcohol consumption for women only. Additionally, self-perceived physical attractiveness was a significant negative predictor of alcohol consumption for men, while self-perceived sexual attractiveness was a significant positive predictor for men. Sociosexuality was a significant positive predictor for both sexes. These findings are discussed in terms of prior research.
Indoor calibration for stereoscopic camera STC: a new method

In the framework of the ESA-JAXA BepiColombo mission to Mercury, the global mapping of the planet will be performed by the on-board Stereo Camera (STC), part of the SIMBIO-SYS suite [1]. In this paper we propose a new technique for the validation of the 3D reconstruction of planetary surface from images acquired with a stereo camera. STC will provide a three-dimensional reconstruction of Mercury surface. The generation of a DTM of the observed features is based on the processing of the acquired images and on the knowledge of the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the optical system. The new stereo concept developed for STC needs a pre-flight verification of the actual capabilities to obtain elevation information from stereo couples: for this, a stereo validation setup to get an indoor reproduction of the flight observing condition of the instrument would give a much greater confidence to the developed instrument design. STC is the first stereo satellite camera with two optical channels converging in a unique sensor. Its optical model is based on a brand new concept to minimize mass and volume and to allow push-frame imaging. This model imposed to define a new calibration pipeline to test the reconstruction method in a controlled ambient. An ad-hoc indoor set-up has been realized for validating the instrument designed to operate in deep space, i.e. in-flight STC will have to deal with source/target essentially placed at infinity. This auxiliary indoor setup permits on one side to rescale the stereo reconstruction problem from the operative distance in-flight of 400 km to almost 1 meter in lab; on the other side it allows to replicate different viewing angles for the considered targets. Neglecting for sake of simplicity the Mercury curvature, the STC observing geometry of the same portion of the planet surface at periherm corresponds to a rotation of the spacecraft (SC) around the observed target by twice the 20° separation of each channel with respect to nadir. The indoor simulation of the SC trajectory can therefore be provided by two rotation stages to generate a dual system of the real one with same stereo parameters but different scale. The set of acquired images will be used to get a 3D reconstruction of the target: depth information retrieved from stereo reconstruction and the known features of the target will allow to get an evaluation of the stereo system performance both in terms of horizontal resolution and vertical accuracy. To verify the 3D reconstruction capabilities of STC by means of this stereo validation set-up, the lab target surface should provide a reference, i.e. should be known with an accuracy better than that required on the 3D reconstruction itself. For this reason, the rock samples accurately selected to be used as lab targets have been measured with a suitable accurate 3D laser scanner. The paper will show this method in detail analyzing all the choices adopted to lead back a so complex system to the indoor solution for calibration.
VALUASI EKONOMI SUMBERDAYA DI TELUK PALU, KOTA PALU, PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH

Teluk Palu merupakan sumberdaya yang memiliki nilai ekonomi dan ekologi yang sangat besar. Di samping itu, Teluk Palu sebagai sumber penghidupan bagi nelayan setempat. Penelitian valuasi ekonomi telah dilakukan pada bulan Mei – Juni 2015 di Teluk Palu. Tujuan penelian ini untuk mengetahui valuasi ekonomi sumberdaya Teluk Palu. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan metode pengumpulan data di lapangan dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif analitik yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabulasi. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, didapat hasil bahwa Total nilai ekonomi sumberdaya Teluk Palu adalah sebesar Rp. 35.846. 290.000,- per tahun. Sektor Perikanan memberikan kontribusi sebesar Rp. 13.104. 000.000,- per tahun. Sektor Pariwisata dengan nilai ekonomi sebesar Rp. 2.422. 750.000,- per tahun. Fungsi Terumbu Karang sebagai physical protection global life sebesar Rp. 20.319. 540.000,- per tahun. Berdasarkan kenyataan tersebut diatas, selain memberikan fungsi ekologi, sumberdaya Teluk Palu juga memberikan nilai ekonomi yang sangat tinggi. Title: Valuation of Resources Economic In Palu Bay, City of Palu, Province of Central Sulawesi Palu Bay has a super big of economic and ecology values. Beside that, Palu Bay is a life resources of fishermen. Study on economic valuation was carried out in May – Juny 2015 in Palu Bay. The aim of this study is to know economic valuation of resources in Palu Bay. Observation has been done by using data collection in the field and data analysis by analitic description, which are presented in tabulation form. Based on study, the total economic valuation was Rp. 35.846. 290.000,- per year. Fisheries sector provides the economic value of Rp. 13.104. 000.000,- per year. Tourism sector, which was economic value Rp. 2.422. 750.000,- per year. Function of coral reef ecosystem was a physical protection global life, which was valuated Rp. 20.319. 540.000,- per year. Based on this fact, beside giving ecological function, resources of Palu Bay also gave a very high economic value.
Validation of the Kidney Failure Risk Equation in the Colombian Population

Introduction Chronic kidney disease prevention programs must identify patients at risk of early progression to provide better treatment and prolong kidney replacement therapy-free survival. Risk equations have been developed and validated in cohorts outside of Colombia, so this study aims to evaluate the discrimination and calibration of the four-variable kidney failure risk equation in a Colombian population where it has yet to be validated. Methods External validation study of a kidney failure risk equation using a historical cohort of patients with CKD stages 3, 4, and 5, adults without a history of dialysis or kidney transplantation with a two-year follow-up, belonging to the Baxter Renal Care Services Colombia network. The discriminatory capacity of the model was evaluated by the concordance index using Harrell's C statistic, and the time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was estimated using the nearest neighbor method, as well as the optimal cut-off point for sensitivity and specificity. Calibration was determined by the degree of agreement between the observed outcome and the probabilities predicted by the model using the Hosmer–Lemeshow statistic. Results A total of 5,477 patients were included, with a mean age of 72 years, 36.4% diabetic, and a mean baseline eGFR of 36 ml/min/1.73 m2. The rate of dialysis initiation was three events per 100 patient-years, 95% CI (2.9–3.6). The optimal cutoff for sensitivity was 0.94, for specificity, 0.76, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.92. Harrell's C-statistic was 0.88 for the total population, 0.88 for diabetic patients, and 0.93 for those 65 years or older. The validation of the model showed good calibration. Conclusions In this Colombian cohort, the four-variable KFRE with a two-year prediction horizon has excellent calibration and discrimination, and its use in the care of CKD Colombian patients is recommended.
Multichemical Granules Formulated with Gum Xanthan, Loess, and Tung Oil

Multiherbicide granules were formulated containing 1.3% fluazifop {(±)-butyl 2-[4-[[5-trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl] oxy] phenoxy] propanoate} (w/w) in polymerized tung oil overlaid on a granular matrix of gum xanthan-loess containing 2.7% linuron [3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea] or oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N 4,N 4-dipropylsulfanilamide). Under greenhouse conditions the granules were as effective in selective control of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic. ♯3 ABUTH), hemp sesbania [Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Cory ♯ SEBEX], corn (Zea mays L. ♯ ZEAMX), and red rice (Oryza sativa L. ♯ ORYSA) in soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Hill’] as when the herbicides were sprayed separately. When applied preemergence at 0.56 to 0.14 kg ai/ha, tung oil-encapsulated fluazifop on loess granules killed 100% of stolon bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. ♯ CYNDA] and was as effective as sprayed fluazifop.
Dark Parenting: Parents Who Score as High in the Dark Triad Demonstrate Sub-Optimal Parenting Styles

The Dark Triad of personality, including the traits of Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism, have been shown to strongly predict a broad array of social and behavioral outcomes—particularly in the domain of mating. From an evolutionary perspective, the parenting domain of life is just as critical as is the mating domain: Parenting behaviors bear directly on long-term reproductive success. In spite of this fact, little past research has examined the relationship between the Dark Triad and parenting behaviors. We administered a measure of the Dark Triad along with three different parenting style measures to 251 parents (211 women, 39 men; mean age = 39.15, SD = 9.63). Participants also completed a measure of the Big Five personality scale and adult attachment styles. Analyses revealed that each facet of the Dark Triad was predictive of at least one of the non-authoritative parenting styles (including neglectful/uninvolved). Implications regarding the social psychology of parenting are discussed.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Turnover Intention in BPR Batam City Bank Employees

The growth of the banking sector in Indonesia has experienced rapid development in recent decades, playing a key role in supporting the economy and the well-being of the community. Employees in the banking sector, including Bank Perkreditan rakyat (BPR), have a significant impact on the success of the bank. However, employee turnover intention has become an important issue that needs to be addressed in the midst of increasing competition in the banking sector. This study identifies the factors influencing employee turnover intention at BPR Batam City and proposes strategies to minimize turnover, Data obtained through the distribution of 192 questionnaires to respondents. The study's findings also explain the relationship between compensation, organizational culture, job stress, and job satisfaction on employee turnover intention. These results can serve as a basis for developing more effective human resource management policies in the banking sector.
Comparative analysis of Lachman’s test versus pivot Shift test in diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament tear

Background and Aim: The physical examination of the knee is important in diagnosing the cases of ACL tear. The Anterior Drawer test, The Lachmans test and the pivot shift test have gained special recognition and should be performed in cases of unstable knee with suspected ACL injury. It is generally accepted that the Lachmans test has the highest sensitivity and the pivot shift test has the highest specificity. This Study was carried out to find out the sensitivity and specificity of the above mentioned tests and their efficiency in our clinical setting. Patients and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Govt. Hospital for Bones and Joints surgery, an affiliated Hospital of Government Medical College Srinagar, From June 2020 to December 2022. We included 26 patients of symptomatic ACL tear in the age group of 18-50 years. The knees were physically examined and Lachmans test and Pivot Shift test were performed and findings recorded. The physical examination findings were compared to the Arthroscopic and MRI findings. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: Total 26 patients were evaluated and analysed including 25 males and 1 female. The mean age was 36.5 years. The right knee was affected in 17 (65.30%) patients and the left knee was affected in 9 (34.6%). Mode of injury was sports related in 12 (46.15%), road traffic accident in 9 (34.6%), and fall in 5 (19.23%). The Lachmans test was a sensitive test (88%) as compared to Pivot Shift (60%) in diagnosing ACL tears. We found out the specificity of pivot shift test to be 96% which was quite high as compared to the Lachmans Test 82%. Conclusion: We were able to establish that the Pivot shift test had a high Specificity but a low sensitivity in diagnosing ACL injuries. Both the sensitivity and specificity of Lachman’s test was high, albeit the specificity was less as compared to the Pivot shift test.
Characterizing Steady-State Cardiovascular and Metabolic Responses of Recreational Climbers During Motorized Treadmill Climbing

Given that the popularity of indoor climbing exceeds that of outdoor climbing, health professionals need a better understanding of how these indoor climbing activities can be used to prescribe exercise. The primary goal of this study was to characterize both cardiovascular and metabolic responses of motorized treadmill climbing with respect to thresholds for heart rate as a percent of maximum (%HR) and metabolic equivalents (METs). Additionally, this study used these data to generate MET and energy expenditure (EE) prediction equations for prescription purposes. Methods: Twenty non-competitive recreational climbers (16 men; 4 women) were recruited to climb six combinations of “slow” and “fast” climbing speed (4.6-9.1 m/min) across three treadmill grades: vertical (90°), overhang or negative incline (85-80°), positive incline (95-100°). A portable metabolic system was worn by climbers during testing to measure HR and oxygen uptake (VO2), the latter of which was converted to EE and METs using standard formulae. Mean HR% and MET values were compared to intensity thresholds (65%, or 3 and 6 METs) using one-sample t-tests, while standard multiple regression techniques were used to predict EE and METs from a pool of variables (climbing treadmill speed and grade, body mass, gender. Results: HR% (70.0-85.4%) was >65% at all test conditions (P<0.01) and mean MET values exceeded the 3-MET threshold and was ≥6-MET threshold at all conditions (6.0-8.5 METs; P<0.01). Multiple prediction equations for both EE (R2=0.81; SEE=±0.83 kcals/min; P<0.001) and METs (R2=0.73; SEE=±0.6 METs; P<0.001) included speed, grade, and gender. Conclusions: The vigorous metabolic intensity for motorized treadmill climbing (≥6 METs) in this study was clearly sufficient to promote positive health and metabolic fitness in healthy adults. In addition, health professionals can use the EE and MET prediction equations to prescribe specific motorized treadmill climbing intensities to clients, as well as generate climbing-specific testing protocols.