Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risk Premiums and Macroeconomic Dynamics in a Heterogeneous Agent Model

We analyze financial risk premiums and real economic dynamics in a DSGE model with three types of agents - shareholders, bondholders and workers - that differ in participation in the capital market and in terms of risk aversion. Aggregate productivity and distribution risk are shared among these agents via the bond market and via an efficient labor contract. The result is a combination of volatile returns to capital and a highly cyclical consumption process for the shareholders, which are two important ingredients for generating high and countercyclical risk premiums. These risk premiums are consistent with a strong propagation mechanism through an elastic supply of labor, rigid real wages and a countercyclical labor share. We discuss the implications for the real and nominal component of the risk premium on equity and bonds. We show how these premiums react to changes in the volatility of the shocks, as experienced during the great moderation. We also analyze the effects of changes in monetary policy behavior and the resulting inflation dynamics.
Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic Changes in F-344 Rats Treated with Naveglitazar, a γ-Dominant PPAR α/γ Agonist

The carcinogenic potential of naveglitazar, a γ-dominant peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α/γ dual agonist, was evaluated in a two-year study in F344 rats (0, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 mg/kg, males; 0, 0.1, 0.3, or 1.0 mg/kg, females). Increased mortality in male rats of the high-dose group was related to cardiac-associated lesions, neoplasms, and undetermined causes. Degeneration and hypertrophy of the myocardium occurred with dose-responsive increased incidence and severity. Neoplasms with increased incidence included sarcomas in male rats and urinary bladder neoplasms in female rats. Most sarcomas in male rats occurred in the adipose tissue of the subcutis and were diagnosed as fibrosarcomas, with fewer liposarcomas and other histologic types. Non-neoplastic changes in adipose tissue included expansion of adipose tissue in multiple sites, alterations in cytoplasmic vesicular pattern in brown and white fat, increases in stroma and mesenchymal cells, and fibrosis. The severity of chronic progressive nephropathy was decreased in a dose-responsive manner in males, and hyperplasia and neoplasia of the mammary gland were decreased in incidence in females. The adverse effects of cardiotoxicity and increased incidence of neoplasms occurred with dose-responsive incidence and/or severity, and a no-effect level for these effects was not achieved in this study.
Teaching Design-by-Contract with Formal Specifications

Benefits of design-by-contract are enhanced when contracts are formal. This paper summarizes our experience in teaching computer science students to use formal contract specifications in team software development, while designing participating components independently. Developed correctly, these components can be assembled together into a software system with minimal integration difficulties. Designed according to formal specifications, software becomes more reliable, fails less often, and costs less at the integration and maintenance stages. The novelty of this approach is in the use of both external and internal formal contracts in team development. Initial experiments at the graduate and undergraduate levels and evaluations show that teaching formal contracts is both possible and effective.
Equivalent Circuit Description of Threshold Voltage Shift in a-Si:H TFTs From a Probabilistic Analysis of Carrier Population Dynamics

Amorphous hydrogenated silicon thin-film transistors (TFTs) are critical components in large area display and sensor systems, and the need for TFT circuits has been increasing. However, the intrinsic metastability associated with the TFT leads to a threshold voltage shift (VT shift) with time, under prolonged gate bias. For design of reliable TFT circuits, it is imperative to accurately predict this instability for time-varying analog gate bias. In this paper, the author model the threshold voltage variation using a probabilistic analysis of the electron population dynamics as prescribed by the defect pool and charge trapping mechanisms. The model is then extended for prediction of the effect of variable gate bias, and in particular the device history, on the VT shift. Based on this model, a passive equivalent circuit is synthesized to accurately predict the VT shift in TFTs for applications in active matrix organic light emitting diode displays and sensors
Cyclin B–Cdk1 activates its own pump to get into the nucleus

The transition to mitosis requires extensive nuclear and cytoplasmic rearrangements that must be spatially and temporally coordinated. In this issue, Gavet and Pines (2010a. J. Cell Biol. doi:10.1083/jcb.200909144) report on a simple yet elegant mechanism as to how this is achieved. By monitoring the activity of cyclin B–Cdk1 in real time, the authors show that concomitant with its activation in the cytoplasm, the kinase complex is rapidly imported into the nucleus by modifying the activity of the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery. Thus, cyclin B–Cdk1 activates its own pump to get into the nucleus.
Sleep Deprivation Predisposes Gujarati Indian Adolescents to Obesity

Background and Aim: Recent studies on various populations indicate that lack of sleep is one of the potential risk factors predisposing the youth to obesity. Since there is a significant rise in obesity among Indian youth and because research indicating the role of sleep in development of obesity among Indian population is scant, the current study was undertaken to assess the effect of sleep duration on adiposity among Gujarati Indian adolescents. Materials and Methods: A randomized cross-sectional study was done on 489 voluntarily participating Indian adolescents in the age group of 16-19 years. Participants were grouped into two categories 1). Adequate Sleep Duration at Night (more than seven hours, ASDN) and 2) Inadequate Sleep Duration at Night (less than seven hours, IASDN) as reported by the participants. The participants were later assessed for adiposity in terms of BMI, BF %, FM, FMI and waist circumference, meal frequency per day and physical activity status. Results: In both boys as well as girls, the BMI, BF%, FM and FMI were significantly lower in the ASDN group than the IASDN group. However, there was an insignificant difference in the meal frequency and physical activity status between the ASDN and IASDN group. Conclusion: Inadequate sleep duration increases adiposity among Gujarati Indian adolescents but further studies are required to find out the mechanisms through which sleep affects adiposity in this population.
Sequential injury of the rabbit abdominal aorta induces intramural coagulation and luminal narrowing independent of intimal mass: extrinsic pathway inhibition eliminates luminal narrowing.

We hypothesized that activation of the coagulation cascade is involved in arterial remodeling in response to sequential injury. An active site-inhibited recombinant human factor VIIa (FVIIai) was used to inhibit tissue factor, the primary cofactor in the extrinsic pathway of coagulation, in a sequential balloon injury model of the rabbit abdominal aorta. Single balloon injury produced limited intimal thickening at 3 weeks (intimal area, 0.40+/-0.05 mm2) and no loss in luminal area (12.2+/-0.9 mm2 before injury and 12.1+/-0.9 mm2 at 6 weeks after injury). Sequential balloon injury, 3 weeks after the first balloon denudation, produced a progressive loss of lumen, with 22% and 47% loss of luminal area, respectively, at 3 and 6 weeks. Luminal loss could not be accounted for by intimal growth (at 3 weeks after sequential injury, the intimal area was 0.47+/-0.08 mm2, <4% of the initial luminal area). Sequential injury acutely produced extensive mural and intramural fibrin deposition. Treatment with FVIIai inhibited both the fibrin deposition and the chronic loss of lumen. At 3 weeks after sequential injury, luminal cross-sectional areas were 9.8+/-0.6 mm2 for control rabbits and 14.3+/-1.4 mm2 for FVIIai-treated rabbits. Neither neointimal area nor cell proliferation was reduced by FVIIai treatment. The intimal cell proliferation index 3 days after injury was 7.6+/-1.1% in control rabbits versus 5.8+/-1.1% in treated rabbits (P>0.05). These results indicate that tissue factor is an important mediator of coagulation in repeat injury and implicate the extrinsic coagulation cascade in a blood vessel remodeling response that is independent of neointimal growth but leads to extensive loss of lumen.
Mining User Relations from Online Discussions using Sentiment Analysis and Probabilistic Matrix Factorization

Advances in sentiment analysis have enabled extraction of user relations implied in online textual exchanges such as forum posts. However, recent studies in this direction only consider direct relation extraction from text. As user interactions can be sparse in online discussions, we propose to apply collaborative filtering through probabilistic matrix factorization to generalize and improve the opinion matrices extracted from forum posts. Experiments with two tasks show that the learned latent factor representation can give good performance on a relation polarity prediction task and improve the performance of a subgroup detection task.
The impact of investors' attention on stock returns — Study based on Baidu Index

This paper concludes that limited attention of investors can affect the performance of stock market. In this paper, Baidu Index is used as a proxy for investor attention, and it can accurately measure the limited attention of investors, revealing their impact on stock returns. We find that the search index of the financial industry is significantly higher than other industries, and it is likely that the financial company's business is closely connected with people's daily lives. Also, an increase in Baidu Index predicts higher stock price in that day and an eventual price reversal in the next few day. In addition, the reversal effect of attention is relatively stable, and does not alter or change with the environment.
Modeling and dynamic management of 3D multicore systems with liquid cooling

Three-dimensional (3D) circuits reduce communication delay in multicore SoCs, and enable efficient integration of cores, memories, sensors, and RF devices. However, vertical integration of layers exacerbates the reliability and thermal problems, and cooling efficiency becomes a limiting factor. Liquid cooling is a solution to overcome the accelerated thermal problems imposed by multi-layer architectures. In this paper, we first provide a 3D thermal simulation model including liquid cooling, supporting both fixed and variable fluid injection rates. Our model has been integrated in HotSpot to study the impact on multicore SoCs. We design and evaluate several dynamic management policies that complement liquid cooling. Our results for 3D multicore SoCs, which are based on 3D versions of UltraSPARC T1, show that thermal management approaches that combine liquid cooling with proactive task allocation are extremely effective in preventing temperature problems. Our proactive management technique provides an additional 75% average reduction in hot spots in comparison to applying only liquid cooling. Furthermore, for systems capable of varying the coolant flow rate at runtime, our feedback controller increases the improvement to 95% on average.
Oscillations with TCP-Like Flow Control in Networks of Queues

We consider a set of flows passing through a set of servers. The injection rate into each flow is governed by a flow control that increases the injection rate when all the servers on the flow's path are empty and decreases the injection rate when some server is congested. We show that if each server's congestion is governed by the arriving traffic at the server then the system can *oscillate*. This is in contrast to previous work on flow control where congestion was modeled as a function of the flow injection rates and the system was shown to converge to a steady state that maximizes an overall network utility.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Radiological aspects of portal vein embolization

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Securing Large Applications Against Command Injections

The ability to produce more secure software or to improve the security of existing software is a growing concern and a real challenge for the field of software engineering. Among the various existing types of software vulnerabilities, command injections are particularly common. It is a difficult problem to address, having seemingly endless variations. We present here a unified, formal definition of command injections that, is not based on a particular technology and captures not only the existing variations but also the future instances of the problem. We then propose a simple, yet effective strategy to deal with the problem in existing large applications, focusing on the cost effectiveness of the method. We also report on successful experiments applying our solution to large commercial applications.
Becoming global, remaining local: the discourses of international news reporting by CCTV-4 and Phoenix TV Hong Kong

Abstract In an attempt to examine the issue of glocalisation in contemporary Chinese media practice, the article develops a tripartite framework which examines the discourses of global/Western vs. local/Eastern interactions in news reporting along three dimensions: the nature of the news event reported, the stance adopted in reporting the news, and the move structure involved in the reporting. The projection and discursive management of the international news reports by two prominent broadcast media channels in Cultural China, i.e. the Chinaowned and Beijing-based station, CCTV-4, and the Hong Kong-based channel station, Phoenix TV, have been selected for the investigation. It is found that globalisation in these two pan- or pro-Chinese government broadcasting practices has taken place only marginally. In trying to demonstrate a global vision and readiness for change and challenges, the Chinese broadcasters no longer evade news of a negative nature, and have also largely adopted the globally prevalent pattern of a dialogic news story-telling structure, most evident in the news construction done by Phoenix TV, though less so by CCTV-4. Nonetheless, the value of harmony, the normative Chinese value of journalistic practice, has a strong presence in the media practice of both channels, as is evidenced particularly in the use of a supportive reporting stance, rather than the critical reporting stance favoured by Western journalism.
Derivation of Underlying Valency Frames From a Learner’s Dictionary

The authors collect lexical data for a module of English syntactic analysis in the context of a bilingual research project. The computer usable version of OALD (Hornby, 1974) is used as the primary source. The main focus is on the structure and derivation of valency frames for verbal entries in the target lexicon, Illustration of the complex relation between OALD's verb subcategorization codes and the target complementation paradigms is provided, and an approach to the derivation procedure design suggested.
Quality of Service-enabled Management of Database Workloads

Database administrators struggle when managing workloads that have widely different performance requirements. For example, the same database may support short-running OLTP queries and batch jobs containing multitudes of queries with varying complexity. Different workloads may have different performance requirements, expressed in terms of service level objectives (SLOs) that must be fulfilled in order to keep the issuing database users satisfied. In this paper, we identify basic query classes and describe the challenges they pose for SLO-aware workload management. Additionally, we propose a generic architecture for an SLO-aware DBMS. We give an overview of workload management techniques already implemented in today’s DBMS and outline future research directions for as yet unsupported concepts.
Using Velocity‐Spectrum Squats and Body Composition to Predict Standing Vertical Jump Ability

Two equations were developed to predict distance in a restricted standing vertical jump (RVJ). Body composition and strength related variables generated via velocity-spectrum squats were obtained on 52 men and 50 women. Eight squat variables at 4 velocities were selected as potential predictors of RVJ performance. These variables along with body weight, body fat, and gender were used to generate two explanatory regressions. R values ranged from 0.80 to 0.83, and SEE ranged from 0.045 to 0.048 meters for the two equations. Variables with a positive relationship to RVJ were relative peak power at each individual's optimal velocity for power production and at 1.43 m · s–1. Variables with a negative relationship were relative peak force and % body fat. It appears that (a) the more relative squatting power a person can generate at moderately fast squatting velocities, the greater the RVJ distance; and (b) excessive body fat and the ability to generate high relative squatting forces at slow velocities attenuate the predicted distance.
New edge-guided interpolation algorithm based on Weighted Edge Pattern Analysis

Most of previous interpolation methods cannot consider the sufficient edge information, and that result in unwanted artifacts. To remove or reduce the problem effectively, we propose a new image interpolation scheme based on Weighted Edge Pattern Analysis (WEPA). Proposed algorithm finds the accurate edge direction at current pixel by using the Spatial Direction Vector (SDV) which is result of WEPA of the neighboring pixels. After direction refinement, we interpolate the current pixel along obtained final SDV direction. Experimental results show that the proposed method exhibits a better performance than previous methods in both objective and subjective results with a variety of still images.
An obesity-associated FTO gene variant and increased energy intake in children.

BACKGROUND Variation in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene has provided the most robust associations with common obesity to date. However, the role of FTO variants in modulating specific components of energy balance is unknown. METHODS We studied 2726 Scottish children, 4 to 10 years of age, who underwent genotyping for FTO variant rs9939609 and were measured for height and weight. A subsample of 97 children was examined for possible association of the FTO variant with adiposity, energy expenditure, and food intake. RESULTS In the total study group and the subsample, the A allele of rs9939609 was associated with increased weight (P=0.003 and P=0.049, respectively) and body-mass index (P=0.003 and P=0.03, respectively). In the intensively phenotyped subsample, the A allele was also associated with increased fat mass (P=0.01) but not with lean mass. Although total and resting energy expenditures were increased in children with the A allele (P=0.009 and P=0.03, respectively), resting energy expenditure was identical to that predicted for the age and weight of the child, indicating that there is no defect in metabolic adaptation to obesity in persons bearing the risk-associated allele. The A allele was associated with increased energy intake (P=0.006) independently of body weight. In contrast, the weight of food ingested by children who had the allele was similar to that in children who did not have the allele (P=0.82). CONCLUSIONS The FTO variant that confers a predisposition to obesity does not appear to be involved in the regulation of energy expenditure but may have a role in the control of food intake and food choice, suggesting a link to a hyperphagic phenotype or a preference for energy-dense foods.
Reliability of measurement of skin ultrasonic properties in vivo: a potential technique for assessing irradiated skin

Background/aims: Quantitative and objective technique to assess radiation‐induced tissue fibrosis is important for clinicians to estimate the efficiency of radiotherapeutic schemes. It has been widely reported that ultrasonic properties are sensitive to changes of acoustic scatterers in biological tissues. Therefore, measurement of ultrasonic properties may serve as a potential assessment technique for irradiated skins. The aim of the present study is to investigate the reliability of such measurement so as to evaluate its potentials for future clinical applications.
A Novel Cysteine-rich Domain of Sep15 Mediates the Interaction with UDP-glucose:Glycoprotein Glucosyltransferase*

Selenium is an essential trace element with potent cancer prevention activity in mammals. The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) has been implicated in the chemopreventive effect of dietary selenium. Although the precise function of Sep15 remains elusive, Sep15 co-purifies with UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (GT), an essential regulator of quality control mechanisms within the endoplasmic reticulum. Recent studies identified two GT and two Sep15 homologues in mammals. We characterize interactions between these protein families in this report. Sep15 and GT form a tight 1:1 complex, and these interactions are conserved between mammals and fruit flies. In mammalian cells, Sep15 co-immunoprecipitates with both GT isozymes. In contrast, a Sep15 homologue, designated selenoprotein M (SelM), does not form a complex with GT. Sequence analysis of members of the Sep15 family identified a novel N-terminal cysteine-rich domain in Sep15 that is absent in SelM. This domain contains six conserved cysteine residues that form two CxxC motifs that do not coordinate metal ions. If this domain is deleted or the cysteines are mutated, Sep15 no longer forms a complex with GT. Conversely, if the cysteine-rich domain of Sep15 is fused to the N-terminus of SelM, the resulting chimera is capable of binding GT. These data indicate that the cysteine-rich domain of Sep15 exclusively mediates protein-protein interactions with GT.