Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amoxycillin: pharmacokinetic studies in normal subjects, patients with pernicious anaemia and those with renal failure

This paper presents data on the absorption and disappearance of a new semisynthetic antibiotic—amoxycillin—in patients with pernicious anaemia and those with renal failure. Absorption of this drug is unimpaired in these patients. Adequate serum and urine levels are obtained even in patients with creatinine clearance levels below 10 ml/min. The half-life of this drug is markedly prolonged in patients undergoing regular dialysis therapy, and a single 250 mg dose will provide adequate serum levels for 24 hr, if this is given after dialysis is complete.
STOIC HEROINES OR COLLABORATORS: AGEISM, FEMINISM AND THE PROVISION OF ASSISTANCE TO ABUSED OLD WOMEN

This paper uses findings of a study in rural Canada to discuss issues surrounding the assistance offered to old women living with abuse. Assistance providers, some of whom were women in their mid‐seventies and beyond, suggested that most women in these age groups are of the opinion that ‘having made their [marriage] bed they should lie in it’. Said to be associated with a strong desire to retain a positive identity as a good wife, protective feelings towards their husbands, and a wish to remain in place in their rural homes, these views would seem to conflict with the responses offered to younger generations of women — that they should leave the abusive relationship. While old women's diverse needs and wishes are acknowledged by their peers, they receive little attention from professionals, scholars, and the shelter movement. This paper examines the tensions between the older women's decisions to ‘stay’ and younger women's emphasis on ‘leaving the relationship’. The argument is made that the failure to address differences between older and younger women's needs overlooks the effects of the ageism and age‐based oppression embedded in age relations with old people. The implications of these findings for service provision and social work practice are discussed.
Deep Learning for Image Memorability Prediction: the Emotional Bias

Image memorability prediction is a recent topic in computer science. First attempts have shown that it is possible to computationally infer from the intrinsic properties of an image the extent to which it is memorable. In this paper, we introduce a fine-tuned deep learning-based computational model for image memorability prediction. The performance of this model significantly outperforms previous work and obtains a 32.78% relative increase compared to the best-performing model from the state of the art on the same dataset. We also investigate how our model generalizes on a new dataset of 150 images, for which memorability and affective scores were collected from 50 participants. The prediction performance is weaker on this new dataset, which highlights the issue of representativity of the datasets. In particular, the model obtains a higher predictive performance for arousing negative pictures than for neutral or arousing positive ones, recalling how important it is for a memorability dataset to consist of images that are appropriately distributed within the emotional space.
Long-term outcome of hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation.

BACKGROUND End-stage cirrhosis related to hepatitic C virus (HCV) is a common reason for liver transplantation, although viremia ia known to persist in most cases. We investigated the impact of persistent HCV infection after liver transplantation on patient and graft survival and the effects of the HCV genotype and the degree of HLA matching between donor and recipient on the severity of recurrent hepatitis. METHODS A group of 149 patients with HCV infection who received liver transplants between January 1982 and April 1994 were followed for a median of 36 months; 623 patients without HCV infection who underwent liver transplantation for end-stage chronic liver disease were used as a control group. A total of 528 liver-biopsy specimens from the HCV-infected recipients were reviewed, including 82 obtained one year after transplantation as scheduled and 39 obtained at five years as scheduled. In addition, biopsy specimens were obtained from 91 of the HCV-negative patients five years after transplantation. RESULTS Cumulative survival rates for the 149 patients with HCV infection were 79 percent after one year, 74 percent after three years, and 70 percent after five years, as compared with rates of 75 percent, 71 percent, and 69 percent, respectively, in the HCV-negative transplant recipients (P=0.12). Of the 130 patients with hepatitis C infection who survived more than 6 months after transplantation, 15 (12 percent) had no evidence of chronic hepatitis on their most recent liver biopsy (median followup, 20 months), 70 (54 percent) had mild chronic hepatitis (median, 35 months), 35 (27 percent) had moderate chronic hepatitis (median, 35 months), and 10 (8 percent) had cirrhosis (median, 51 months). Graft loss occurred after a median of 303 days in 27 of the 149 patients, including 5 with HCV-related cirrhosis and 3 with HCV-related cholestatic hepatitis. Infection with HCV genotype 1b was associated with more severe graft injury, whereas the primary immunosuppressive regimen used and the extent of HLA mismatching between donors and recipients had no significant effect on this variable. CONCLUSIONS After liver transplantation for HCV-related cirrhosis, persistent HCV infection can cause severe graft damage, and such damage is more frequent in patients infected with HCV genotype 1b than with other genotypes. After five years, the rates of graft and overall survival are similar between patients with and those without HCV infection.
Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio is a Novel Reliable Predictor of Nephropathy, Retinopathy, and Coronary Artery Disease in Indians with Type-2 Diabetes

Background and Aims: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been suggested to be a predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD), and end-organ damage in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Similar data are lacking from Indians with T2DM. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the role of NLR as a predictor of microvascular complications and CAD in T2DM. Subjects and Methods: Consecutive T2DM patients attending the outpatient services of 2 different hospitals, who gave consent, underwent clinical, anthropometric evaluation, and evaluation for the occurrence of retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and CAD. Results: A total of 298 patients were screened of which 265 patients' data were analyzed. Occurrence of hypertension, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and CAD was 12.8%, 18.5%, 41.5%, 62.3%, and 3.8%, respectively. Patients in higher NLR quartiles had significantly higher diabetes duration, occurrence of nephropathy, albuminuria, retinopathy, CAD and lpwer glomerular filtration rate. Patients with more microvascular complications had significantly longer diabetes duration, blood pressure, NLR, creatinine, and urine albumin excretion. Binary logistic regression revealed NLR followed by body mass index were best predictors of microvascular complications. NLR had areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.888 (95% CI: 0.848–0.929; P < 0.001), 0.708 (95% CI: 0.646–0.771; P < 0.001), and 0.768 (95% CI: 0.599–938; P = 0.004) in predicting albuminuria, retinopathy, and CAD, respectively. NLR of 2.00 had sensitivity and specificity of 86.4% and 69% in predicting albuminuria; sensitivity and specificity of 64.2% and 63% in predicting retinopathy; sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 47.1% in predicting CAD. Conclusion: NLR is inexpensive, easy to use, reliable predictor of nephropathy, retinopathy, and CAD in Indian T2DM.
Binding Specificity of the G1/S Transcriptional Regulators in Budding Yeast

Background G1/S transcriptional regulation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends on three main transcriptional components, Swi4, Swi6 and Mbp1. These proteins constitute two transcription factor complexes that regulate over 300 G1/S transcripts, namely SBF (Swi4-Swi6) and MBF (Mbp1-Swi6). SBF and MBF are involved in regulating largely non-overlapping sets of G1/S genes via clearly distinct mechanisms. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we establish and confirm protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions using specific polyclonal antisera to whole Swi6 and to the C-terminal domains of related proteins Swi4 and Mbp1. Our data confirm the protein-protein binding specificity of Swi4 and Mbp1 to Swi6 but not to each other, and support the binding specificity of the transcriptional inhibitor Whi5 to SBF and of the corepressor Nrm1 to MBF. We also show the DNA binding preference of Swi4 to the CLN2 promoter and Mbp1 to the RNR1 promoter, while Swi6 binds both promoters. Finally, we establish the binding dynamics of Swi4 and Whi5 to the CLN2 promoter during the cell cycle. Conclusions/Significance These data confirm the binding specificity of the G1/S transcriptional regulators. Whereas previous observations were made using tagged Swi4, Swi6 and Mbp1, here we use specific polyclonal antisera to reestablish the protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions of these G1/S transcriptional components. Our data also reveal the dynamic changes in promoter binding of Swi4 during the cell cycle, which suggests a possible positive feedback loop involving Swi4.
Pentagon copying is more impaired in dementia with Lewy bodies than in Alzheimer's disease

OBJECTIVES In many cases the clinical differentiation of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from those with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been difficult. Because many neuropsychological studies have reported greater visuospatial/constructional impairment in DLB than in AD, it was determined whether accuracy in copying the interlocking pentagons item on the mini mental state examination (MMSE) may be helpful in distinguishing patients with DLB from those with AD relatively early in the course of the dementia. METHODS All cases of neuropathologically proved DLB and AD in the Center for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders brain bank were retrospectively reviewed, and the first available MMSE for each was retrieved. Only patients with MMSE scores⩾13 were included, indicating mild to moderate dementia. The patients' copies of the interlocking pentagons were analyzed and graded as acceptable or unacceptable according to the original instructions for grading the MMSE. RESULTS Seventeen patients with DLB and 27 patients with AD were identified for whom MMSE with copies of the interlocking pentagons were available. Two patients with DLB (MMSEs 22 and 27) drew the pentagons acceptably, by contrast with 16 of the patients with AD (MMSEs 13–28). An unacceptable copy was associated with DLB with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 59% (p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS For patients with MMSE scores⩾13, an inability to accurately copy the pentagons suggests that the diagnosis is more likely DLB than AD. The results confirm the work of others on visuospatial/constructional impairment in DLB and indicate that this feature may be helpful in its diagnosis.
Battlefield brain: unexplained symptoms and blast-related mild traumatic brain injury.

A 40-year-old male military Veteran* presents to a family physician with chronic symptoms that include recurrent headaches, dizziness, depression, memory problems, difficulty sleeping, and relationship troubles. He has not had a family physician since leaving the military 2 years ago. His Military Occupation Classification had been infantry. He explains that he had been deployed to war zones and that during a firefight several years earlier an enemy weapon exploded nearby, killing a fellow soldier and wounding others. He does not recall being injured, but remembers feeling a thump and that his "computer had to reboot. " This was followed by headaches and a few days of ringing in his ears. He also suffered a concussion during a military hockey game. He was assessed and treated for persistent headaches in the service and recalls that results of a head computed tomography scan were negative. Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC) granted him a disability award for posttraumatic headache and provided certain treatment benefits. He took medication for the headaches. Following transition to civilian life he had difficulty holding jobs, but had been reluctant to seek help. He saw stories on television about blast-induced minor traumatic brain injury in Iraq and Afghanistan, and wonders if he "has MTBI. " Findings from his physical examination, bloodwork, and Mini Mental State Examination are normal, but his Montreal Cognitive Assessment score is 24, suggesting possible cognitive impairment. The physician organizes follow-up appointments and a neurology consultation. After reading about Canada's military-aware operational stress injury (OSI) clinics in a medical journal, he refers the Veteran to a VAC district office for access to mental health assessment.
Empirical and Theoretical Bacterial Diversity in Four Arizona Soils

ABSTRACT Understanding patterns of biodiversity in microbial communities is severely constrained by the difficulty of adequately sampling these complex systems. We illustrate the problem with empirical data from small surveys (200-member 16S rRNA gene clone libraries) of four bacterial soil communities from two locations in Arizona. Among the four surveys, nearly 500 species-level groups (Dunbar et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol.65:662-1669, 1999) and 21 bacterial divisions were documented, including four new candidate divisions provisionally designated SC1, SC2, SC3, and SC4. We devised a simple approach to constructing theoretical null models of bacterial species abundance. These null models provide, for the first time, detailed descriptions of soil bacterial community structure that can be used to guide experimental design. Models based on a lognormal distribution were consistent with the observed sizes of the four communities and the richness of the clone surveys. Predictions from the models showed that the species richness of small surveys from complex communities is reproducible, whereas the species composition is not. By using the models, we can now estimate the required survey scale to document specified fractions of community diversity. For example, documentation of half the species in each model community would require surveys of 16,284 to 44,000 individuals. However, quantitative comparisons of half the species in two communities would require surveys at least 10-fold larger for each community.
The role of peer social network factors and physical activity in adolescent girls.

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between peer-related physical activity (PA) social networks and the PA of adolescent girls. METHODS Cross-sectional, convenience sample of adolescent girls. Mixed-model linear regression analyses to identify significant correlates of self-reported PA while accounting for correlation of girls in the same school. RESULTS Younger girls were more active than older girls. Most activity-related peer social network items were related to PA levels. More PA with friends was significantly related to self-reported PA in multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS Frequency of PA with friends was an important correlate of PA among the peer network variables for adolescent girls.
Partial liquid ventilation for the prevention of mortality and morbidity in paediatric acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

BACKGROUND Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome are syndromes of severe respiratory failure. Children with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome have high mortality and the survivors have significant morbidity. Partial liquid ventilation is proposed as a less injurious form of respiratory support for these children. Uncontrolled studies in adults have shown improvements in gas exchange and lung compliance with partial liquid ventilation. A single uncontrolled study in six children with acute respiratory syndrome showed some improvement in gas exchange during three hours of partial liquid ventilation. This review was originally published in 2004, updated in 2009 and again in 2012. OBJECTIVES To assess whether partial liquid ventilation reduces mortality or morbidity, or both, in children with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. SEARCH METHODS In this updated review, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 11); CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature) via Ovid (1982 to November 2011); Ovid MEDLINE (1950 to November 2011); and Ovid EMBASE (1982 to November 2011). The search was last performed in August 2008. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared partial liquid ventilation with other forms of ventilation in children (aged 28 days to 18 years) with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Trials had to report one or more of the following: mortality; duration of mechanical ventilation, respiratory support, oxygen therapy, stay in the intensive care unit, or stay in hospital; infection; long-term cognitive impairment, neurodevelopmental progress, or other long-term morbidities. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We independently evaluated the quality of the relevant studies and extracted the data from the included studies. MAIN RESULTS Only one study enrolling 182 patients (reported as an abstract in conference proceedings) was identified and found eligible for inclusion; the authors reported only limited results. The trial was stopped prematurely and was, therefore, under-powered to detect any significant differences and at high risk of bias. The only available outcome of clinical significance was 28-day mortality. There was no statistically significant difference between groups, with a relative risk for 28-day mortality in the partial liquid ventilation group of 1.54 (95% confidence interval 0.82 to 2.9). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence from RCTs to support or refute the use of partial liquid ventilation in children with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome. Adequately powered, high quality RCTs are still needed to assess its efficacy. Clinically relevant outcome measures should be assessed (mortality at discharge and later, duration of both respiratory support and hospital stay, and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes). The studies should be published in full.
Using Visual Context and Region Semantics for High-Level Concept Detection

In this paper we investigate detection of high-level concepts in multimedia content through an integrated approach of visual thesaurus analysis and visual context. In the former, detection is based on model vectors that represent image composition in terms of region types, obtained through clustering over a large data set. The latter deals with two aspects, namely high-level concepts and region types of the thesaurus, employing a model of a priori specified semantic relations among concepts and automatically extracted topological relations among region types; thus it combines both conceptual and topological context. A set of algorithms is presented, which modify either the confidence values of detected concepts, or the model vectors based on which detection is performed. Visual context exploitation is evaluated on TRECVID and Corel data sets and compared to a number of related visual thesaurus approaches.
The ST6Gal I Sialyltransferase Selectively ModifiesN-Glycans on CD45 to Negatively Regulate Galectin-1-induced CD45 Clustering, Phosphatase Modulation, and T Cell Death*

The addition of sialic acid to T cell surface glycoproteins influences essential T cell functions such as selection in the thymus and homing in the peripheral circulation. Sialylation of glycoproteins can be regulated by expression of specific sialyltransferases that transfer sialic acid in a specific linkage to defined saccharide acceptor substrates and by expression of particular glycoproteins bearing saccharide acceptors preferentially recognized by different sialyltransferases. Addition of α2,6-linked sialic acid to the Galβ1,4GlcNAc sequence, the preferred ligand for galectin-1, inhibits recognition of this saccharide ligand by galectin-1. SAα2,6Gal sequences, created by the ST6Gal I enzyme, are present on medullary thymocytes resistant to galectin-1-induced death but not on galectin-1-susceptible cortical thymocytes. To determine whether addition of α2,6-linked sialic acid to lactosamine sequences on T cell glycoproteins inhibits galectin-1 death, we expressed the ST6Gal I enzyme in a galectin-1-sensitive murine T cell line. ST6Gal I expression reduced galectin-1 binding to the cells and reduced susceptibility of the cells to galectin-1-induced cell death. Because the ST6Gal I preferentially utilizes N-glycans as acceptor substrates, we determined that N-glycans are essential for galectin-1-induced T cell death. Expression of the ST6Gal I specifically resulted in increased sialylation of N-glycans on CD45, a receptor tyrosine phosphatase that is a T cell receptor for galectin-1. ST6Gal I expression abrogated the reduction in CD45 tyrosine phosphatase activity that results from galectin-1 binding. Sialylation of CD45 by the ST6Gal I also prevented galectin-1-induced clustering of CD45 on the T cell surface, an initial step in galectin-1 cell death. Thus, regulation of glycoprotein sialylation may control susceptibility to cell death at specific points during T cell development and peripheral activation.
As fast as possible rather than well protected Experiences of football clothes

With Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenological view that human beings ‘take in’ the world and experience themselves as subjects through their bodies as a starting point, players in both men’s and women’s teams, kit men, purchasing managers, sporting directors, and a coach from Swedish football clubs have been interviewed about their perceptions and experiences of football clothing. Since the body is both a feeling and knowing entity, clothes are seen as components of body techniques, facilitating or restricting body movements in a material way, but also as creators of senses, like lightness and security; in both ways, influencing the knowledge in action that playing football is. In this article, the content of the interviews is discussed in relation to health. When clothes are primarily related to a biomedical view that health means no injuries and illnesses, warm pants and shin guards are mentioned by players, who are rather ambivalent to both, since these garments counteract a feeling of lightness that is connected to the perception of speed. Players want to be fast rather than well protected. If clothes, instead, are interpreted as related to a broad conception of health, including mental, social, and physical components, the relation body–space-in-between–clothes seems to be an important aspect of clothing. Dressed in a sports uniform, unable to choose individual details, the feeling of subjectivity is related to wearing ‘the right-size’ clothes. Also new textile technology, like injury-preventing and speed-increasing tight compression underwear, is perceived by players based on feelings that they are human subjects striving for both bodily and psychological well-being.