Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adapting Web information extraction knowledge via mining site-invariant and site-dependent features

We develop a novel framework that aims at automatically adapting previously learned information extraction knowledge from a source Web site to a new unseen target site in the same domain. Two kinds of features related to the text fragments from the Web documents are investigated. The first type of feature is called, a site-invariant feature. These features likely remain unchanged in Web pages from different sites in the same domain. The second type of feature is called a site-dependent feature. These features are different in the Web pages collected from different Web sites, while they are similar in the Web pages originating from the same site. In our framework, we derive the site-invariant features from previously learned extraction knowledge and the items previously collected or extracted from the source Web site. The derived site-invariant features will be exploited to automatically seek a new set of training examples in the new unseen target site. Both the site-dependent features and the site-invariant features of these automatically discovered training examples will be considered in the learning of new information extraction knowledge for the target site. We conducted extensive experiments on a set of real-world Web sites collected from three different domains to demonstrate the performance of our framework. For example, by just providing training examples from one online book catalog Web site, our approach can automatically extract information from ten different book catalog sites achieving an average precision and recall of 71.9% and 84.0% respectively without any further manual intervention.
A Data Reconstruction Approach for Identity Disclosure Protection

Identity disclosure is one of the most serious privacy concerns in today’s information age. A well-know method, called k-anonymity, has recently been proposed and used to protect identity disclosure. The k-anonymity approach, however, still allows a data intruder to discern the confidential information in the anonymized data. To overcome this problem, we propose a data reconstruction approach, based on data aggregation and swapping, as well as instance selection, to achieve k-anonymity protection in predictive data mining.
Information Navigation System Based on POMDP that Tracks User Focus

We present a spoken dialogue system for navigating information (such as news articles), and which can engage in small talk. At the core is a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), which tracks user’s state and focus of attention. The input to the POMDP is provided by a spoken language understanding (SLU) component implemented with logistic regression (LR) and conditional random fields (CRFs). The POMDP selects one of six action classes; each action class is implemented with its own module.
Global Attitude/position Regulation for Underwater Vehicles Submitted to International Journal of Systems Science for Special Issue on Underwater Vehicles

In this paper a nonlinear controller is designed for a 6dof model of an un-manned underwater vehicle (UUV) which includes both the kinematics and the dynamics. It is shown how the use of a Lyapunov function consisting of a quadratic term in the velocity (both linear and angular), a quadratic term in the position and a logarithmic term in the attitude leads to a design of a control law that achieves global asymptotic stabilization to a an arbitrary set point in po-sition/attitude. The control law is made linearly bounded by avoiding cancellation of some of the quadratic nonlinearities in the model. No information about the inertia matrix, the damping, and the Coriolis/centripetal parameters is used in the controller, endowing it with a certain amount of parametric robustness. The control law is given in terms of the Modiied Rodrigues parameters. An extensive simulation study shows that the proposed control law achieves excellent tracking for slowly changing trajectories, even though it is designed only for set point regulation. The nonlinear controller dramatically outperforms a linear controller.
PERIOD–LUMINOSITY RELATIONS DERIVED FROM THE OGLE-III FUNDAMENTAL MODE CEPHEIDS. II. THE SMALL MAGELLANIC CLOUD CEPHEIDS

In this paper we present multi-band period–luminosity (P–L) relations for fundamental mode Cepheids in the SMC. The optical VI-band mean magnitudes for these SMC Cepheids were taken from the third phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE-III) catalog. We also matched the OGLE-III SMC Cepheids to 2MASS and SAGE-SMC catalog to derive mean magnitudes in the JHK-bands and the four Spitzer IRAC bands, respectively. All photometry was corrected for extinction by adopting Zaritsky’s extinction map. Cepheids with periods smaller than ∼2.5 days were removed from the sample. In addition to the extinction corrected P–L relations in nine filters from optical to infrared, we also derived the extinction-free Wesenheit function for these Cepheids. We tested the nonlinearity of these SMC P–L relations (except the 8.0 &mgr; m ? > -band P–L relation) at 10 days: none of the P–L relations show statistically significant evidence of nonlinearity. When compared to the P–L relations in the LMC, the t-test results revealed that there is a difference between the SMC/LMC P–L slopes only in the V- and J-band. Further, we found excellent agreement between the SMC/LMC Wesenheit P–L slope. The difference in LMC and SMC Period–Wesenheit relation LMC and SMC zero points was found to be Δ &mgr; = 0.483 ± 0.015 ? > mag. This amounts to a difference in distance modulus between the LMC and SMC.
The time element in proactive network defense systems

Identifying and detecting security threats such as Trojans, resource starvation, and Denial of Service (DoS) attacks in their early stages are major challenges in delivering computer security because starvation of specific resource such as hard disk as an example does not necessary deny specific service on the network. As with any computer application, installation of a Trojan leaves a “footprint” on the systems resources such as MIB data base explained and referenced in this paper. Effects of resource starvation and DoS attacks can be resolved proactively by monitoring communication traffic. The detector must be able to recognize the symptoms against a background of a range of other (“safe”) activities, which also consume system resources. Therefore, we wished to explore the potential of an economical approach that explicitly takes into account resources used. We presented general phases of above described attacks which can be used for creating metrics to measure proactive capabilities of similar systems for intrusion detection / prevention.
Detection of Pulsing DoS Attacks at Their Source Networks

Pulsing Denial of Service (PDoS) is a type of DoS attack. Its attacking behavior is intermittent rather than constant, which helps it avoid being detected. In this paper, an adaptive detection method is proposed for source-end detection of PDoS attacks. It has three distinctive features: (i) its detection statistic is based on the discrepancy in the aggregated outbound and inbound packets; (ii) a self-adaptive detection threshold adapts it quickly to the variations of network traffic and the latest detection result; (iii) random abnormalities in the normal network traffic can be filtered by consecutive accumulation of threshold violations. Experimental results show the minimum attack traffic that can be detected is less than 35% of the background traffic, under the requirements that probability of false alarms is less than 10 -6 , probability of a miss during an attack is less than 10 -2 and
Signature Optical Cues: Emerging Technologies for Monitoring Plant Health

Optical technologies can be developed as practical tools for monitoring plant health by providing unique spectral signatures that can be related to specific plant stresses. Signatures from thermal and fluorescence imaging have been used successfully to track pathogen invasion before visual symptoms are observed. Another approach for non-invasive plant health monitoring involves elucidating the manner with which light interacts with the plant leaf and being able to identify changes in spectral characteristics in response to specific stresses. To achieve this, an important step is to understand the biochemical and anatomical features governing leaf reflectance, transmission and absorption. Many studies have opened up possibilities that subtle changes in leaf reflectance spectra can be analyzed in a plethora of ways for discriminating nutrient and water stress, but with limited success. There has also been interest in developing transgenic phytosensors to elucidate plant status in relation to environmental conditions. This approach involves unambiguous signal creation whereby genetic modification to generate reporter plants has resulted in distinct optical signals emitted in response to specific stressors. Most of these studies are limited to laboratory or controlled greenhouse environments at leaf level. The practical translation of spectral cues for application under field conditions at canopy and regional levels by remote aerial sensing remains a challenge. The movement towards technology development is well exemplified by the Controlled Ecological Life Support System under development by NASA which brings together technologies for monitoring plant status concomitantly with instrumentation for environmental monitoring and feedback control.
Evolution of perianth and stamen characteristics with respect to floral symmetry in Ranunculales.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Floral symmetry presents two main states in angiosperms, namely polysymmetry and monosymmetry. Monosymmetry is thought to have evolved several times independently from polysymmetry, possibly in co-adaptation with specialized pollinators. Monosymmetry commonly refers to the perianth, even though associated androecium modifications have been reported. The evolution of perianth symmetry is examined with respect to traits of flower architecture in the Ranunculales, the sister group to all other eudicots, which present a large diversity of floral forms. METHODS Characters considered were perianth merism, calyx, corolla and androecium symmetry, number of stamens and spurs. Character evolution was optimized on a composite phylogenetic tree of Ranunculales using maximum parsimony. KEY RESULTS The ancestral state for merism could not be inferred because the basalmost Eupteleaceae lack a perianth and have a variable number of stamens. The Papaveraceae are dimerous, and the five other families share a common trimerous ancestor. Shifts from trimery to dimery (or reverse) are observed. Pentamery evolved in Ranunculaceae. Ranunculales except Eupteleaceae, present a polysymmetric ancestral state. Monosymmetry evolved once within Papaveraceae, Ranunculaceae and Menispermaceae (female flowers only). Oligandry is the ancestral state for all Ranunculales, and polyandry evolved several times independently, in Papaveraceae, Menispermaceae, Berberidaceae and Ranunculaceae, with two reversions to oligandry in the latter. The ancestral state for androecium symmetry is ambiguous for the Ranunculales, while polysymmetry evolved immediately after the divergence of Eupteleaceae. A disymmetric androecium evolved in Papaveraceae. The ancestral state for spurs is none. Multiple spurs evolved in Papaveraceae, Berberidaceae and Ranunculaceae, and single spurs occur in Papaveraceae and Ranunculaceae. CONCLUSIONS The evolution of symmetry appears disconnected from changes in merism and stamen number, although monosymmetry never evolved in the context of an open ground plan. In bisexual species, monosymmetry evolved coincidently with single spurs, allowing us to propose an evolutionary scenario for Papaveraceae.
Epigenetic modification of long interspersed elements-1 in cumulus cells of mature and immature oocytes from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective The long interspersed elements (LINE-1, L1s) are a group of genetic elements found in large numbers in the human genome that can translate into phenotype by controlling genes. Growing evidence supports the role of epigenetic in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the DNA methylation levels in LINE-1 in a tissue-specific manner using cumulus cells from patients with PCOS compared with normal controls. Methods The study included 19 patients with PCOS and 22 control patients who were undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. After oocyte retrieval, cumulus cells were extracted. LINE-1 DNA methylation levels were analysed by bisulfite treatment, polymerase chain reaction, and restriction enzyme digestion. The Connection Up- and Down-Regulation Expression Analysis of Microarrays software package was used to compare the gene regulatory functions of intragenic LINE-1. Results The results showed higher LINE-1 DNA methylation levels in the cumulus cells of mature oocytes in PCOS patients, 79.14 (±2.66) vs. 75.40 (±4.92); p=0.004, but no difference in the methylation of cumulus cells in immature oocytes between PCOS and control patients, 70.33 (±4.79) vs. 67.79 (±5.17); p=0.155. However, LINE-1 DNA methylation levels were found to be higher in the cumulus cells of mature oocytes than in those of immature oocytes in both PCOS and control patients. Conclusion These findings suggest that the epigenetic modification of LINE-1 DNA may play a role in regulating multiple gene expression that affects the pathophysiology and development of mature oocytes in PCOS.
Segmented Labour Markets and Earnings in Ireland

Segmented labour market theory rests on two central tenets. The first is that it is meaningful to distinguish between primary labour markets providing "good" jobs with high wages and stable employment and secondary labour markets providing "bad" jobs with low pay and unstable employment. The second is that jobs in primary labour markets are rationed, with substantial barriers to entry from secondary labour markets. The rationing hypothesis cannot be tested for Ireland with the data available, but here we test the hypothesis that wage determin­ ation differs across sectors, using data from a 1987 ESRI household survey. Two formulations of the segmented labour market model are tested, one distinguishing only primary and secondary sectors and the other distinguishing four sectors employed in recent US research by Gordon. Estimating standard earnings functions for both variants suggests that returns to education are lower in secondary markets, as predicted by segmentation theory, but contrary to the theory's predictions returns to work experience do not differ across sectors. There may be a less clear-cut divide between sectors in European countries than in the USA, partly because of the role of trade unions. The policy implications of adopting a segmented labour market perspective are markedly different from those of human capital theory on some central issues of labour market policy,' so further investigation of that perspective appears warranted.
The Asterix real-time kernel

This paper describes a real-time kernel, Asterix, that in a practical manner makes use of many of the recent advances made in the real-time systems research community. The basic ambition behind the development of the Asterix real-time kernel was to pack state-of the art research results into package such that it can be easily used and understood by people in the embedded systems industry. From an academic point of view the Asterix realtime kernel fulfills all the basic requirements necessary for facilitating different types of timing analyses. For a software designer this signifies that the Asterix real-time kernel has the means to satisfy engineering of real-time software in the same fashion as civil engineers make use of structural calculus when designing bridges or houses. The Asterix real-time kernel is in combination with its support environment in a unique position to provide the embedded systems industry with a development kit that can increase the reliability, safety, and testability of their applications with several magnitudes compared to existing development systems.
On Characterizing Hierarchies of Granulation Structures via Distances

Hierarchy plays a crucial role in the development of the granular computing. In this paper, three different hierarchies are considered for judging whether a granulation structure is finer or coarser than another one. The first hierarchy is based on the set containment of information granulations, the second hierarchy is based on the cardinal numbers of information granulations while the third hierarchy is based on the sum of cardinal numbers of information granulations. Through introducing set distance and knowledge distance, we investigate the algebraic lattices, in which the derived partial orders are corresponding to the three different hierarchies, respectively. From the viewpoint of distance, these results look forward to provide a more comprehensible perspective for the study of hierarchies on granulation structures.
Testing for Unit Root Against Stationarity Using the Likelihood Ratio Test

In a first-order autoregressive model with drift, we derive the likelihood ratio test for a unit root against the stationary alternative. We also derive the test in a state space model with trend. Finite sample and asymptotic critical values are obtained by Monte Carlo simulations. A simulation study investigates the power performance of the likelihood ratio test and we also examine how a bias correction of the test affects the results.
Representações sociais da autonomia do enfermeiro para acadêmicos de enfermagem

Introducao: A autonomia profissional corresponde a realizacao de acoes de enfermagem por meio da utilizacao de habilidades, conhecimentos e atitudes para tomar decisoes e resolver situacoes no seu espaco de atuacao. Objetivo: analisar as representacoes sociais da autonomia do enfermeiro para academicos do ultimo periodo de graduacao em enfermagem de uma universidade federal. Materiais e Metodos: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, exploratorio delineado a partir da teoria das representacoes sociais em sua abordagem processual, realizada com 20 academicos de enfermagem no ultimo periodo de uma universidade federal localizada no estado do Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados se deu atraves de entrevistas semiestruturadas e a analise das producoes discursivas pelo metodo de analise de conteudo. Resultados: Foram construidas cinco categorias de analise. Discussao: Verificou-se que as representacoes sociais da autonomia profissional dos discentes de enfermagem encontram-se em processo de construcao, tendo por fundamento o gerenciamento, as praticas invasivas e a consulta de enfermagem. A autonomia tambem se relaciona ao cuidado predominantemente individual. Conclusoes: A representacao da autonomia profissional esta vinculada a tecnologias atuais e a dimensoes historicas da profissao, bem como a necessidade de novos estudos para a compreensao do fenomeno. Como citar este artigo: Mota DB, Gomes AMT, Silva ACSS, Ramos RS, Nogueira VPF, Belem LS. Representacoes sociais da autonomia do enfermeiro para academicos de enfermagem. Rev Cuid. 2018; 9(2): 2215-32. http://dx.doi. org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i2. 528
Networks in molecular evolution

Networks in molecular evolution properties of the RNA map were derived: "For sequence spaces of chain lengths n > 10 there are orders of magnitude more sequences than structures and hence, the map is many-to-one (as predicted analytically above). " "Few common and many rare structures. " "In other words, for each arbitrarily chosen pair of structures there will be at least on sequence that can form both. " Very general but nice conclusion: "We have discussed here only four classes of the networks which play a central role in molecular biology. Networks of gene regulation, both at level of the single cell and the signaling networks of multicellular organisms are just as important. In higher organisms neural networks form an additional layer of complexity (see Olaf Sporn's contribution in this issue). While we begin to understand structure and function of networks within each class, for which ample data are available at least in some cases, little is known on the interaction of the various levels. The mechanisms governing crosstalk between hierarchical levels are, nevertheless, equally important if not more relevant for proper functioning of organisms. They are in the center of topdown control and regulation, without which every form of organization is doomed to break down. What makes this type of control tricky in but not only in biology is the partial autonomy of agents at the lower level. More and more detailed knowledge on communication between cells will help us to explore successfully the subtle interplay between local independence and global control. "
Improved path tracking approach for unmanned vehicles based on clothoid curve

For its high efficiency and simpleness, Pure-Pursuit has been widely used in fields of automatic drive. This paper presents a modified robust controller based on Pure-Pursuit. The highlight of the method is that it replaces the circle in Pure-Pursuit with a clothoid C1 curve. Meantime, it applies the curvature information from the clothoid curve to tune the look-ahead distance. We compare the controller with improved Pure-Pursuit through experiments on the platform of autonomous vehicle, TuZhi, developed by Wuhan University. The results demonstrate that the proposed controller is more effective.
Pax genes in development

SUMMARY The Pax gene family consists of nine members encoding nuclear transcription factors. Their temporally and spatially restricted expression pattern during embryogenesis suggests that they may play a key role during embryogenesis. Direct evidence for the important role of the Pax genes during embryonic development has been demonstrated by the correlation of mouse developmental mutants and human syndromes with mutations in some Pax genes. To date three Pax genes have been shown to be mutated in undulated, Splotch and small eye, respectively. In man, Pax-3 is mutated in the Waardenburg syndrome, while in aniridia Pax-6 is mutated.
Media, Religion and Public Sphere: International Trends and Hungarian Researches

Over the last two decades, research concerning religion and the media, religion and the Internet has been revived and repositioned within communication and media research. This is especially true in post soviet Central and Eastern European countries (Khroul 2013, Kołodziejska 2014, Rončáková 2017, Tudor & Bratosin, 2018). This article provides a summary of the international and Hungarian-related research history of the area, highlighting the turning points that originate from the change of the media technology, the media history or followed the rearrangement of general media research. For the first point, mentioning the initial radio, cinema, and television research, and then the current examination of the Internet. For the second point, the acceptance media studies replacing the early media effect researches, the so-called cultural or interpretative turn in media studies and the uses and gratifications approach starting in the 1970s are classified. Following this, the aim of the article is to present and compare the different religious media research typologies and finally, the descriptive presentation of contemporary research directions in international and Hungarian science. The study mentions not only theoretical, but research methodological possibilities as well.