Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The serum levels of adiponectin and leptin in mustard lung patients

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to sulfur mustard (SM), known as mustard lung, is an important late pulmonary complication of SM poisoning. Due to the possible role of systemic inflammation in mustard lung, we evaluated the serum levels of adiponectin and leptin in these patients. Materials and methods: Thirty nonsmoker mustard lung patients in stable phase were enrolled into this study. Also, 30 COPD and 21 healthy participants were entered as control groups. Complete lung function tests were performed in the participants. The serum levels of adiponectin and leptin were measured in all groups. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in mean adiponectin and leptin levels among the groups (p = 0.38 and p = 0.35, respectively). There was a downward trend in leptin to adiponectin ratio from lower to higher stages of global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease guidelines in mustard lung patients, which was not statistically significant (p = 0.8). Conclusion: Our results showed that there is no difference in mean adipokine levels in stable mustard lung patients compared with control groups. There was a foot-point in the alterations of serum adipokines regarding the severity of COPD, which needs to be documented by larger sample group.
The non-specific binding of tyrosine kinase inhibitors to human liver microsomes

240 words Introduction: 421 words Results and Discussion: 1795 words Abbreviations: CMC, critical micelle concentration; HLM, human liver microsomes; HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography; NSB, non-specific binding; RED, rapid equilibrium dialysis; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. DMD Fast Forward. Published on October 6, 2015 as DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115. 065292 at A PE T Jornals on Jne 3, 2017 dm d.aspurnals. org D ow nladed from
Exploring differential effects of supervisor support on transfer of training

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to provide further insight into the relationship between supervisor support and transfer of training, by taking into account the effects of other transfer‐influencing factors in a systemic approach of the transfer process. Design/methodology/approach – A review of studies on factors affecting transfer of training was conducted, with a specific focus on the effects of supervisor support, resulting in the development of a research model of the transfer process. All components of the model were measured by means of questionnaires for former trainees and their supervisors, and stepwise regression analyses were carried out to examine the relationships in the model. Findings – Results indicate indirect relationships between supervisor support and transfer of training, by means of both trainees' motivation to transfer and the transfer climate. The indirect effect of supervisor support on transfer of training is only slight, however. Learning results are shown to be the strongest predictor of transfer of training. Research limitations/implications – Owing to the small sample size structural equation modelling techniques could not be used, thus limiting the possibility to test the model as a single entity. The use of perceptional measures implies the risk of response tendencies from trainees and supervisors. Further research using different measures and different timing of measurement during the training and transfer process is recommended. Practical implications – Results of this study indicate that supervisor support that is intended to enhance transfer of training can best be directed at improvement of the transfer climate at the workplace. Originality/value – The paper provides both researchers and practitioners with a further insight into the complex effects of supervisor support on transfer of training, indicating the importance of taking into account the effects of other transfer‐influencing factors.
‘The Roles Bureaucrats Play’: The Input of European Parliament (EP) Administrators into the Ordinary Legislative Procedure: A Case Study Approach

Abstract The European Parliament (EP) is branded as one of the winners of the Lisbon Treaty. It has seen its role expanded to more than 40 Treaty articles and obtained the status of co-legislator in previously uncharted territory such as agriculture, fisheries and legal migration. This raises the question of how the EP adapts itself to the newly obtained powers in order to fulfill its legislative role. A very pertinent issue in this context are the type of tasks that are delegated to EP civil servants as this might have implications for the democratic legitimacy of the directly elected Members. This contribution identifies the conditions under which civil servants take up different types of tasks by looking at four cases in two different policy areas: migration and fisheries. Political importance of the dossier and expertise are identified as key determinants for the role of civil servants in the ordinary legislative procedure.
Associations across time: The hippocampus as a temporary memory store

Abstract All recent memory theories of hippocampal function have incorporated the idea that the hippocampus is required to process items only of some qualitatively specifiahle kind, and is not required to process items of some complementary set. In contrast, it is now proposed that the hippocampus is needed to process stimuli of all kinds, but only when there is a need to associate those stimuli with other events that are temporally discontiguous. In order to form or use temporally discontiguous associations, it is essential to maintain some memory of the first component until the second component has occurred. When the temporal gap to he spanned is small, and the number of items to be temporarily retained is low, a limited-capacity, short-term store is sufficient to allow associations to be formed. Such a store is presumed to operate in parallel with the hippocampus in normal animals. Hippocampal damage disrupts a much higher-capacity store that has a slower decay rate, and so leaves animals with only a very limited ability to form temporally discontiguous associations. Hippocampal damage, however, is not held to affect the long-term storage of associations of any kind, if they can be formed. Analyses of both new and existing data are presented to show that by classifying tasks in terms of the need to use a temporary memory store to retain temporally discontiguous information one can cut right across existing classifications as well as achieve a better fit to the data. The hippocampus thus seems best described as a high-capacity, intermediate-term memory store.
Network traffic measurement and modeling

Network traffic measurement and workload characterization are key steps in the workload modeling process. Much has been learned through network measurement and workload modeling in the last ten years, but new challenges are now at the forefront: measuring network traffic in the Internet environment, understanding the implications of network traffic structure (e.g., self-similarity, autocorrelation, long range dependence), and accurate modeling of network traffic workloads for high speed network environments.This "hot topic" session brings together three prominent speakers to address each of these topics, in turn.
GEDIFO: A Cross-Organizational Approach to Learning in Communities of Practice

In today’s globalized economy, organizations face international competition; the need for technology-driven innovation; inefficiencies due to hierarchical structures; cost-cutting; and frequently a deterioration in working conditions as a result thereof. The current paper focusses on the situation of works councils who are challenged to support the interests of employees on the one hand and to act as co-managers on the other. GEDIFO, an initiative by the Vienna Chamber of Labor and the educational body of the Austrian Trade Union, seeks to advance cross-organizational learning among works councils in communities of practice (CoP).
Haemadsorption and haemagglutination by mycoplasmas.

SUMMARY: Factors concerned in demonstrating haemadsorption and haemagglutination and their occurrence among different mycoplasmas were investigated. Haemadsorption occurred best to colonies which had recently developed on agar at pH 6.5. Mycoplasmas isolated from various bird and animal sources, e.g. Mycoplasma gallisepticum, M. agalactiae, M. bovigenitalium and M. pulmonis, haemadsorbed with erythrocytes from a wide range of species. However, not all strains within a serotype haemadsorbed. Thus, the ‘Negroni’ strain of M. pulmonis did not. Haemadsorption could be inhibited by crowding of colonies on agar and by the addition of specific antiserum to the colonies. Generally, antiserum titres obtained by haemadsorption inhibition were low in comparison with those obtained by metabolic inhibition, and haemadsorption inhibition was not useful as a routine serological technique. The development of the haemagglutinin of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in liquid medium was studied in detail; a change in the pH value of the medium could be used as an index of its development and it was intimately associated with the organism. The centrifuged deposits of other mycoplasmas, from birds, cattle, goats, man, rodents and pigs, and which were grown in liquid medium also haemagglutinated, but generally to low titre. Haemagglutination occurred best in U-shaped cups at 37° and at pH 6.5--7.0 and could be inhibited by specific antiserum. There was lack of correlation between haemadsorption and haemagglutination; both these phenomena were exhibited by some mycoplasmas, others haemadsorbed only, and still others haemagglutinated only.
NSGA - II with Controlled Elitism for Scheduling Tasks in Heterogeneous Computing Systems

This paper presents an application of elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), to efficiently schedule a set of independent tasks in a heterogeneous distributed computing system. This scheduling problem is a bi-objective problem considering two objectives. The first objective is minimization of makespan and the second one being the minimization of flowtime. As a multi-objective optimization technique, this paper makes use of Controlled-NSGA-II that modifies NSGA-II to enhance the diversity of solution sets. This algorithm uses a distribution function to control elitism and to get better diversity of individuals. The extent of elitism can be changed by fixing a user-defined parameter. Simulation results on task scheduling problem show the effectiveness of the proposed modification in comparison with NSGA-II.
Incentive Design in Organizations : An Empirical Analysis ∗

While many organizations use incentive schemes to elicit greater effort from their workforce, the mapping between incentives and effort is poorly understood in practice – a fact that hinders incentive design. To help fill this gap, we set out a new semi-parametric method for uncovering the relationship between incentive strength and effort. Focusing on an education context that provides exogenous variation in accountability incentives along with rich administrative data, we use a transparent differencing strategy to isolate the underlying effort response of teachers and schools. This response forms the basis of a counterfactual approach that allows us to recover the full distribution of outcomes under various accountability schemes, including those yet to be enacted. To illustrate the approach, we trace out performance frontiers on a comparable basis for different accountability systems, starting with the most widespread – those setting fixed and value-added targets. Doing so reveals a clear tradeoff: higher average performance comes at the expense of more dispersed scores for a given type of scheme. Further, we show that the frontier associated with fixed targeting falls inside its value-added counterpart, and that a scheme with student-specific bonus payments can reduce the variance of scores compared to a regular value-added scheme. The analysis is relevant to the reform of existing education accountability systems, and has broader applicability to the problem of incentive design in the workplace.
Real-time nonverbal opinion sharing through mobile phones during sports events

Even with the rise of the World Wide Web, TV has remained the most pervasive entertainment medium and is nowadays often used together with other media, which allow for active participation. The idea of connecting non-collocated TV viewers via telecommunication technologies, referred to as Social TV, has recently received considerable attention. Such systems typically include set-top boxes for supporting collaboration. In this research we investigate if real-time opinion sharing about TV shows through a nonverbal (non-textual) iconic UI on mobile phones is reasonable. For this purpose we developed a mobile app, made it available to a large number of users through the Android Market, and conducted an uncontrolled user study in the wild during the soccer world cup 2010. The results of the study indicate that TV viewers who used the app had more fun and felt more connected to other viewers. We also show that by monitoring this channel it is possible to collect sentiments relevant to the broadcasted content in real-time. The collected data exemplify that the aggregated sentiments correspond to important moments, and hence can be used to generate a summary of the event.
All File Systems Are Not Created Equal: On the Complexity of Crafting Crash-Consistent Applications

We present the first comprehensive study of application-level crash-consistency protocols built atop modern file systems. We find that applications use complex update protocols to persist state, and that the correctness of these protocols is highly dependent on subtle behaviors of the underlying file system, which we term persistence properties. We develop a tool named BOB that empirically tests persistence properties, and use it to demonstrate that these properties vary widely among six popular Linux file systems. We build a framework named ALICE that analyzes application update protocols and finds crash vulnerabilities, i.e., update protocol code that requires specific persistence properties to hold for correctness. Using ALICE, we analyze eleven widely-used systems (including databases, key-value stores, version control systems, distributed systems, and virtualization software) and find a total of 60 vulnerabilities, many of which lead to severe consequences. We also show that ALICE can be used to evaluate the effect of new file-system designs on application-level consistency.
Gender, language and the workplace: an exploratory study

Purpose – The study aims to examine the role that gendered talk plays in the workplace in both task and non‐task related interactions.Design/methodology/approach – The research undertaken is a hybrid of qualitative and quantitative research using a single case study. The case study, comprising mixed gender and mixed status employees of an American multinational corporation, demonstrates similarities and differences between women's and men's speech patterns in this workplace setting. Through the recording and subsequent transcription of meetings that took place among the participants, a data archive was created, enabling analysis of the conversations to take place.Findings – The research findings imply that organisations may need to move away from cultures that favour particular talk related norms to ones that facilitate the integration and assimilation of different types of talk, recognising that women and men use language differently.Research limitations/implications – The speaking dimension of communica.
A Study on the Influence of Perceived Organizational Support on Organization Commitment

In general, there are three factors which compel employees to leave their position at a company: duties in organization, perception related to organization, and attitude built through the previous factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the factors on the turnover intention and the decreasing achievement affected by the turnover. For this study, the perceived organizational support and organization commitment were chosen ∙제1저자 : 이홍기 ∙교신저자 : 장명복 ∙투고일 : 2013. 09. 27, 심사일 : 2013. 11. 30, 게재확정일 : 2014. 01. 11. * 중원대학교 사회과학대학 경영학과(Dept. of Busines Management, Jungwon University College of Social Science*) ** 국제대학교 세무회계과(Dept. of Accounting & Tax, Kookje College ) 158 Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information January 2014 as worker's attitude variables which affects turnover intention. The results through the actual analysis are as follows: 1. Worker's emotional commitment is on the increase when the organization values their increased efforts as precious and makes efforts to improve welfare system. 2. Worker's turnover intention decreases as the stronger emotional commitment enables them to gain more consciousness to stay longer at the company. 3. The worker who possesses stronger lasting commitment tends to have some inclination to leave his current position if other organization offers compensation enough to make up for the current investment. 4. Worker's turnover intention decreases when they perceive that the organization acknowledges employees' value and supports them. 5. Worker's turnover intention at the small-middle sized companies is higher than at major companies. In this study, four out of five hypotheses, which are based on theoretical examinations and backgrounds, gain verified results. In the end, it is showed that the perceived organization support can increase the emotional commitment which makes it possible to decrease turnover intention. Consequently, it can be said that the appropriate human resources management is to explore the ways to decrease worker's turnover intention by improving labor environment and searching for the way to promote worker's commitment to their organization through the perceived organization supports. ▸
Bortezomib interacts synergistically with belinostat in human acute myeloid leukaemia and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells in association with perturbations in NF‐κB and Bim

Interactions between the histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib were investigated in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cells. Co‐administration of sub‐micromolar concentrations of belinostat with low nanomolar concentrations of bortezomib sharply increased apoptosis in both AML and ALL cell lines and primary blasts. Synergistic interactions were associated with interruption of both canonical and non‐canonical nuclear factor (NF)‐κB signalling pathways, e.g. accumulation of the phosphorylated (S32/S36) form of IκBα, diminished belinostat‐mediated RelA/p65 hyperacetylation (K310), and reduced processing of p100 into p52. These events were accompanied by down‐regulation of NF‐κB‐dependent pro‐survival proteins (e.g. XIAP, Bcl‐xL). Moreover, belinostat/bortezomib co‐exposure induced up‐regulation of the BH3‐only pro‐death protein Bim. Significantly, shRNA knock‐down of Bim substantially reduced the lethality of belinostat/bortezomib regimens. Administration of belinostat ± bortezomib also induced hyperacetylation (K40) of α‐tubulin, indicating histone deacetylase inhibitor 6 inhibition. Finally, in contrast to the pronounced lethality of belinostat/bortezomib toward primary leukaemia blasts, equivalent treatment was relatively non‐toxic to normal CD34+ cells. Together, these findings indicate that belinostat and bortezomib interact synergistically in both cultured and primary AML and ALL cells, and raise the possibilities that up‐regulation of Bim and interference with NF‐κB pathways contribute to this phenomenon. They also suggest that combined belinostat/bortezomib regimens warrant further attention in acute leukaemias.
The Detection of Pure Dark Matter Objects with Bent Multiply Imaged Radio Jets

When a gravitational lens produces two or more images of a quasar's radio jet the images can be compared to reveal the presence of small structures along one or more of the lines of sight. If mass is distributed smoothly on scales of ≲107 M☉, independent bends in the jet images on milliarcsecond scales will not be produced. All three of the well-collimated multiply imaged radio jets that have been mapped on milliarcsecond scales show some evidence of independent bends in their images. Using existing data, we model the lens system B1152+199 and show that it likely contains a substructure of mass ~105-107 h-1 M☉ or a velocity dispersion of ~10 km s-1. An alternative explanation is that an intrinsic bend in the jet is undetected in one image and magnified in the other. This explanation is disfavored, and future observations could remove any ambiguity that remains. The probability of a radio jet being bent by small-scale structure both inside and outside of the host lens is then investigated. The known populations of dwarf galaxies and globular clusters are far too small to make this probability acceptable. A previously unknown population of massive dark objects is needed. The standard cold dark matter model might be able to account for the observations if small mass halos are sufficiently compact. In other cosmological models where small-scale structure is suppressed, such as standard warm dark matter, the observed bent jets would be very unlikely to occur.
Going the extra mile: local managers and global effort

The competitive international environment of the twenty‐first century is said to require greater collaboration between the multinational corporation (MNC) units, where local employees work toward global as well as local goals. What does it take to motivate local employees to go the extra mile for the sake of the MNC as a whole? This article reports the results of a study conducted among 317 local managers at the Indian and Pakistani subsidiaries of a British MNC in the consumer products industry. Organisational identification, or a psychological bonding with the organisation, was one of several factors contributing to the willingness of local managers to exert extra effort toward organisational goals. Implications of the findings are drawn for expatriate managers who work alongside local managers, and for international human resource management.
Current and Future Applications of Transcriptomics for Discovery in CNS Disease and Injury

The central nervous system (CNS) displays heterogeneity at regional, cellular and subcellular levels, making analysis of transcriptomic events accompanying neural injury particularly challenging. Microarray technology provides methods for elucidating global changes in neural gene expression and discovery of signalling pathways within this complex biological network. The lack of suitable and sufficient human CNS tissue along with its inherent variability means that diverse animal models of both multiple sclerosis and neurotrauma are vital for examining the pathophysiological changes accompanying neural injury resulting from disease or trauma. Gene expression profiling of these models is providing valuable information about mechanisms of damage, repair and regeneration and candidate treatments. In vitro models of neural injury are also proving useful, and transcriptomics is enhancing our understanding of the properties of neural stem cells with a view to their therapeutic application in neural repair. Thoughtful experimental design and analysis of microarray experiments is crucial for extracting biological meaning from the vast amount of data produced. In this review we discuss the current and emerging application of transcriptomics for the study of neural function in health, disease and injury.