Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative proteomics of ovaries elucidated the potential targets related to ovine prolificacy

Small Tail Han (STH) sheep, a unique Chinese breed, is recognized for its early maturity, year-round estrus, and prolificacy. However, the molecular mechanism of its high prolificacy has not been fully elucidated. The Proteomics approach is feasible and effective to reveal the proteins involved in the complex physiological processes of any organism. Given this, we performed the protein expression profiling of ovarian tissues during the luteal phase using polytocous STH sheep (litter size ≥2, three consecutive lambings) and monotocous STH sheep (litter size =1, three consecutive lambings) (PL vs. ML), and the follicular phase using polytocous STH sheep (litter size ≥2, three consecutive lambings) and monotocous STH sheep (litter size =1, three consecutive lambings) (PF vs. MF), respectively. Parallel Reaction Monitoring (PRM) was conducted to validate the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). The tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomic results showed that a total of 5,237 proteins were identified, of which 49 and 44 showed differential abundance in the PL vs. ML and PF vs. MF groups, respectively. Enrichments analyses indicated that the DAPs including TIA1 cytotoxic granule-associated RNA-binding protein-like 1 (TIAL1), nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 (CRABP1) were enriched at the luteal phase, while TIAL1, inhibin beta-a-subunit (A2ICA4), and W5PG55 were enriched at the follicular phase, potentially mediating reproductive processes in polytocous ewes. Furthermore, six DAPs were verified using PRM, confirming the accuracy of the TMT data acquired in this study. Together, our work expanded the database of indigenous sheep breeds and provided new ovarian candidate molecular targets, which will help in the study of the genetic mechanisms of ovine prolificacy.
Bilateral FS-UNet: a logging image feature segmentation model based on depth learning

Intelligent recognition of geological images in the field of logging is the key to oil and gas exploration by engineers, and it is of great research value to improve the accuracy of geological image feature recognition. An effective way to achieve this goal is to use image segmentation techniques. However, due to the poor utilisation of features in logging image datasets, most of which are characterized by "weak" boundaries, there are few mature techniques that can accurately extract logging image features. In this study, an algorithm, Bilateral FS-UNet, is designed for the extraction and intelligent recognition of geological features in electro-imaging logging images, taking into account the complexity of logging data and the ability of U-Net to achieve better segmentation results for small samples. This algorithm combines the edge-preserving features of Bilateral Filtering with the advantages of U-Net, a semantic segmentation algorithm based on an encoder-decoder framework, to enhance the utilisation of features in the network and thus improve the segmentation accuracy. The proposed algorithm achieves an average pixel accuracy of 98.3%, which is 2.5% better than that of U-Net. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the segmentation effect of the model with good regional pixel coherence and category rationality. In practical applications, it can assist loggers in logging interpretation, reduce the difficulty of oil and gas exploration, and improve the efficiency of geological feature identification.
Children’s perceptions of teacher feedback: Portuguese validation of a scale

ABSTRACT This research aims to validate the Portuguese version of the Teacher Feedback Scale (TFS) in a sample of 628 children from third and fourth grade. Teacher feedback is a crucial factor in child development, with an impact in students’ motivation and learning. It provides daily cognitive and emotional information about children’s academic performance and their abilities as learners. The results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and subsequent confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the TFS consists of five subscales: praise, ability-effort in reading, ability-effort in math, general negative feedback and specific negative feedback. The measure shows that good reliability estimates and factor loadings were invariant across gender. Evidence of predictive validity is presented through gender differences and associations of feedback with children's competence perceptions. The potential of the measure in educational settings and research is discussed.
The Influence of Physical Activity during Pregnancy on Miscarriage—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Miscarriage is an inability to complete the normal process of pregnancy and childbirth and represents a major concern for pregnant women that can be an emotionally devastating event. While it has been suggested that engaging in strenuous physical activity might be associated with an elevated risk of miscarriage, there is a recent systematic review that suggested that prenatal exercise is not associated with fetal mortality. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis (SR + MA) was to assess the effects of physical activity during pregnancy on the likelihood of experiencing a miscarriage (Registration No.: CRD42022370629). Thirteen randomized clinical trials (3728 pregnant women) were included. Meta-analyses were conducted with the dependent variable being the miscarriage ratio in each study. The total risk ratio (RR) sum was calculated using a random effects model. The I2 statistic was utilized to quantify the heterogeneity observed in the results. No significant association between exercise during pregnancy and the occurrence of miscarriage was found (RR = 0.83 95% CI = 0.83 (0.49–1.41); z = 0.69, p = 0.49; I2 = 0.00%, Heterogeneity p = 0.91). Results of the present SR + MA showed no increase in miscarriage risk in those who engaged in low- to moderate-intensity exercise compared to those who did not.
Private Island: Why Britain Now Belongs to Someone Else

"In a little over a generation the bones and sinews of the British economy - rail, energy, water, postal services, municipal housing - have been sold to remote, unaccountable private owners. In a series of brilliant portraits James Meek shows how Britain's common wealth became private, and the impact it has had on us all. In a series of panoramic accounts, Meek explores the human stories behind the incremental privatization of the nation over the last three decades. As our national assets are being sold, the new buyers reap the rewards, and the ordinary consumer is left to pay the ever rising bill. Urgent, powerfully written and deeply moving, Private Island is a passionate anatomy of the state of the nation for readers of Chavs and Whoops! "
Organically Templated Uranyl Sulfates and Selenates: Structural Complexity and Crystal Chemical Restrictions for Isotypic Compounds Formation

This paper reviews the state of the art in the structural chemistry of organically templated uranyl sulfates and selenates, which are considered as the most representative groups of U-bearing synthetic compounds. In total, there are 194 compounds known for both groups, the crystal structures of which include 84 various organic molecules. Structural studies and topological analysis clearly indicate complex crystal chemical limitations in terms of the isomorphic substitution implementation, since the existence of isotypic phases has to date been confirmed only for 24 compounds out of 194, which is slightly above 12%. The structural architecture of the entire compound depends on the combination of the organic and oxyanion parts, changes in which are sometimes realized even while maintaining the topology of the U-bearing complex. An increase in the size of the hydrocarbon part and number of charge functional groups of the organic cation leads to the formation of rare and more complex topologies. In addition, the crystal structures of two novel uranyl sulfates and one uranyl selenate, templated by isopropylammonium cations, are reported.
Mesozoic Notocupes revealed as the sister group of Cupedidae (Coleoptera: Archostemata)

Despite encompassing only about 50 extant species, beetles of the suborder Archostemata have a rich fossil history, being known from the Permian and dominating coleopteran assemblages in the Mesozoic before declining in richness towards the Late Cretaceous. Given the limited diversity of extant archostematans, fossils provide a valuable line of evidence for reconstructing the relationships among its constituent families. Here we re-evaluate the phylogenetic position of the Triassic–Cretaceous genus Notocupes, the most species-rich archostematan taxon in the fossil record. Exquisitely preserved fossils from the Middle Jurassic Haifanggou Formation (Daohugou; ~165 Ma) and mid-Cretaceous amber (~99 Ma) reveal critical differences from Ommatidae in the presence of separated procoxae and overlapping abdominal ventrites. Our analyses confirm that Notocupes is not a member of Ommatidae, but is closely related to Cupedidae. Our fossils reveal that Notocupes possessed unique adaptations for protecting their appendages, such as unusual dorsal pronotal grooves for the reception of antennae and epipleural grooves for the reception of legs, shedding light on ecological interactions in Mesozoic saproxylic habitats. The high similarity between Jurassic and Cretaceous Notocupes provides an exceptional example of long-term morphological stasis, suggesting a consistent microhabitat for the group.
LASSA FEVER : A CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL REVIEW

BACKGROUND This review summarises the history, aetiology, clinical presentation, management and prevention of Lassa fever, with emphasis on the epidemiological findings from Nigeria. METHOD Relevant search of articles on “Lassa fever” published between 1969 and August 2012 was undertaken using Pubmed, AJOL, and Google search. Similar articles from relevant textbooks and from websites of World Health Organization, Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, USA and Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria were also retrieved and reviewed. Emphasis was placed on papers reporting findings from Nigeria. RESULTS Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic fever, caused by the Lassa virus and first reported in Lassa town, Borno State, Nigeria in 1969. The virus is transmitted by multi-mammate rats, and responsible for deadly epidemics of haemorrhagic fevers in the West Africa sub-region. Not less than 28 states in Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory have witnessed outbreaks of Lassa fever in last five decades. Outbreaks in Nigeria are common in rural communities and in hospital settings, fuelled by socio-cultural practices, poor environmental and personal hygiene and poor practice of infection prevention and control. The clinical presentation is protean and diagnosis is often delayed. Ribavirin remains the only effective life-saving treatment only when given six days of onset of symptoms. CONCLUSION Lassa fever remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in West Africa, Nigeria inclusive. Stakeholders in affected countries ought to strengthen surveillance and response to Lassa fever outbreaks, as well as strictly implement established preventive strategies.
Graduate School Curriculum Inquiry from The Lens of the Graduates: A Single Intrinsic Case Study

The evaluation of the curriculum is a critical aspect of curriculum development as it allows the school administration to assess whether the curriculum has successfully achieved its objectives. This study aimed to identify the strengths and areas for improvement in a graduate school curriculum. To conduct this qualitative case study, the researchers utilized purposeful sampling, selecting graduate students in the thesis writing stage and recent graduates from various courses offered in the graduate school. A total of 10 participants willingly participated in the focus group discussion, while four took part in the exit interview. The researchers employed focus group discussions and exit interviews as data collection tools, focusing on the participants’ experiences with the graduate school curriculum. The findings revealed three main themes: Advancing professional capability, empowering experiences, and overcoming research hurdles. These themes indicated that the Graduate School Curriculum had contributed to the development of the participants' research skills in their respective disciplines, ultimately empowering them to develop leadership skills in the workplace. This was largely facilitated by the professors' effective facilitation of the learning processes. While this study provides valuable insights into the strengths of the graduate school curriculum, the study points to the need to intensify its scaffolds on the area of research and of reflecting further on the sequence of curricular offerings tailored to fit the context of graduate students in an online environment. A further empirical investigation using quantitative methods is endorsed to obtain more robust information on the curriculum's best features and to enhance its overall effectiveness.
Microfluidic Microcirculation Mimetic for Exploring Biophysical Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Metastasis

There is rapidly emerging evidence from pre-clinical studies, patient samples and patient subpopulations that certain chemotherapeutics inadvertently produce prometastatic effects. Prior to this, we showed that doxorubicin and daunorubicin stiffen cells before causing cell death, predisposing the cells to clogging and extravasation, the latter being a step in metastasis. Here, we investigate which other anti-cancer drugs might have similar prometastatic effects by altering the biophysical properties of cells. We treated myelogenous (K562) leukemic cancer cells with the drugs nocodazole and hydroxyurea and then measured their mechanical properties using a microfluidic microcirculation mimetic (MMM) device, which mimics aspects of blood circulation and enables the measurement of cell mechanical properties via transit times through the device. We also quantified the morphological properties of cells to explore biophysical mechanisms underlying the MMM results. Results from MMM measurements show that nocodazole- and hydroxyurea-treated K562 cells exhibit significantly altered transit times. Nocodazole caused a significant (p < 0.01) increase in transit times, implying a stiffening of cells. This work shows the feasibility of using an MMM to explore possible biophysical mechanisms that might contribute to chemotherapy-induced metastasis. Our work also suggests cell mechanics as a therapeutic target for much needed antimetastatic strategies in general.
Uncaria tomentosa-Loaded Chitosan Oligomers–Hydroxyapatite–Carbon Nitride Nanocarriers for Postharvest Fruit Protection

Given the risks associated with synthetic fungicides, it is crucial to explore safe and sustainable alternatives. One potential solution is using bioactive natural products (BNPs). However, BNPs face challenges like lability, solubility, and lack of specificity. These issues can be addressed through nanoencapsulation. This study focuses on the evaluation of novel chitosan oligomers–hydroxyapatite–carbon nitride (COS–HAp–g-C3N4) nanocarriers (NCs) for encapsulating BNPs, specifically an extract from Uncaria tomentosa bark. The NCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The NCs were monodisperse, with a mean diameter of 250 nm, and showed an encapsulation efficiency of 82%. The suitability of the loaded NCs (COS–HAp–g-C3N4–BNP, in a 2:1:0.5:1 weight ratio) for postharvest fruit protection was investigated in vitro and ex situ at a laboratory scale. Results regarding their efficacy against Botrytis cinerea on strawberries, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on mangoes, Penicillium expansum on apples, Monilinia laxa on peaches, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on kiwifruit are presented. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of 250, 375, 375, 250, and 187.5 μg·mL−1 were found in vitro, respectively, while higher doses (500, 750, 750, 250, and 375 μg·mL−1, respectively) were needed to achieve effective control in postharvest tests on artificially inoculated fruit. These findings suggest that NCs containing extracts from U. tomentosa bark show promise as biorational agents and as alternatives to conventional fungicides for managing postharvest phytopathogens.
Health Hazard Evaluation Report HETA 83-376-1556, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire

Area air samples were analyzed for acrolein, aldehydes, organic solvents, acids, and phthalates at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire in December, 1983. The evaluation was requested by a union representative due to employee reports of headache, nausea, and other irritative symptoms during systems testing on a submarine being overhauled at the shipyard. The authors conclude that the reported symptoms are due to combined effects of acrolein and other aldehydes. Due to the relatively low concentration involved, the risk of chronic health effects seem slight. Recommendations include properly ventilating the affected work areas and using respiratory personal protective equipment.
FUTURE THINKING: EXPLORING FUTURE SCENARIOS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE AND EFFECTS ON THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY SYSTEM

This paper reviews recent work undertaken by ARRB Transport Research in association with CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Research and Monash University Centre for Population and Urban Research that examined the long term effects of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change on the National Highway System. The paper examines the interactions between climate change, population distribution patterns, transport demand and the impacts of passenger and freight demand on the life cycle performance of the road asset. Each of these areas involves uncertainty and the paper demonstrates how the application of future thinking techniques, such as scenario construction, enables the transport analyst to navigate uncertain pathways into the future. The paper describes the results of climate change modeling undertaken by CSIRO and the application of climatic variables (in particular, precipitation and temperature) to road pavement deterioration using the ARRB Transport Research Pavement Life Cycle Costing (PLCC) model and HDM-4. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E209537.
A multi-objective community detection algorithm based on ant lion optimization

Complex networks have received widespread attention and research now. A prominent feature of networks is their community structure, and community structure detection has emerged. Ant lion Optimization algorithm (ALO) has the advantages of fast convergence speed, fewer parameters, and constantly falling into local optimal solutions. ALO has been widely used in various engineering problems. In this paper, a multi-objective community detection algorithm based on ant lion optimization (MOALOCD) is proposed. This algorithm can optimize both KKM and RC objectives simultaneously. Experiments on real networks have shown that this algorithm can achieve good results.
Investigating the contribution of grown new particles to cloud condensation nuclei with largely varying pre-existing particles - Part 2: Modeling chemical drivers and 3-D NPF occurrence

In this study, we utilized a 20-bin WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecast coupled with Chemistry regional model) to investigate the contributions of chemical drivers to the growth of newly 20 formed particles, as well as to simulate the three-dimensional dynamics of new particle formation (NPF) events over the North China Plain during a summer campaign in 2019, which was reported in the accompanying paper. The model demonstrated good performance in replicating the occurrence of NPF, the growth pattern of newly formed particles, and the number concentration of particles in the size range of 10–40 nm in five events between June 29 and July 6. This period was characterized by a high frequency 25 of NPF occurrence (>60 %). During this time, the model was also able to accurately reproduce the levels of organics in PM 1.0 relative to observations, and
Exploring the interaction between culture and neuroscience using event-related potential (ERP)

The application of the event-related potential (ERP) was almost 80 years ago and has assisted in answering many research questions. Today, ERP is considered one of the most popular techniques among other neuroscience methods. Cultural neuroscience is an emerging interdisciplinary field that applies neuroscience tools to answer research questions in culture. This paper highlights the importance of neuroscience tools, especially ERP, in advancing the new emerging interdisciplinary field of cultural neuroscience. This paper gives an overview of ERP followed by a short description and examples of the application of ERP in two recent research. Cultural study through the application of neuroscience methods such as ERP can discover and measure neural processes related to culture, which cannot be quantified by traditional pen and paper data collection. However, many more research questions need to be answered and explored in cultural neuroscience.
Research on Network Intrusion Detection Based on Transformer

With the advancement of technology, the development of various industries has become inseparable from informatization. People's lives have become closely related to the network. While using the network to facilitate our lives, massive data is also generated. Traditional firewall technologies are no longer sufficient to meet current needs. Deep learning algorithms can establish complex mapping relationships between network data, and can extract hidden correlation features between data features to achieve data recognition and prediction. Therefore, this paper introduces Transformer and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) into the field of intrusion detection, and proposes an intrusion detection method based on the combination of Transformer-Encoder and BiLSTM (TBL). Deep Neural Networks (DNN) are used to further extract data features, and the softmax function is used to output classification results. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, this paper trains and tests the TBL method on the NSL-KDD dataset, and verifies its feasibility and superiority.
Ac-Susceptibility Studies of the Energy Barrier to Magnetization Reversal in Frozen Magnetic Nanofluids of Different Concentrations

We used ac-susceptibility to measure the blocking temperature, TB, and energy barrier to the magnetization reversal, EB, of nanomagnetic fluids of different concentrations, c. We collected data on five samples synthesized by dispersing Fe3O4 nanoparticles of average diameter ⟨D⟩ = 8 nm in different volumes of carrier fluid (hexane). We found that TB increases with the increase in c, a behavior predicted by the Dormann–Bessais–Fiorani (DBF) theory. In addition, our observed TB vs. c dependence is excellently described by a power law TB = A∙cγ, with A = 64 K and γ = 0.056. Our data also show that a Néel–Brown activation law τT=τ0exp⁡EBkBT describes the superspin dynamics in the most diluted sample, whereas an additional energy barrier term, Ead, is needed at higher concentrations, according to the DBF model: τT=τrexp⁡EB+EadkBT. We found EB/kB = 366 K and additional energy barriers Ead/kB that increase linearly with the common logarithm of the volume concentration, from 138 K at c = 8.3 × 10−4% to 745 K at c = 4 × 10−2%. These results add to our understanding of the contributions by different factors to the superspin dynamics. In addition, the quantitative relations that we established between the TB, Ead, and c support the current efforts towards the rational design of functional nanomaterials.