Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ozone trends derived from the total column and vertical profiles at a northern mid-latitude station

The trends and variability of ozone are assessed over a northern mid-latitude station, Haute-Provence Observatory (OHP - 43.93° N, 5.71° E), using total column ozone observations from the Dobson and Systeme d'Analyse par Observation Zenithale spectrometers, and stratospheric ozone profile measurements from Light detection and ranging, ozonesondes, Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II, Halogen Occultation Experiment and Aura Microwave Limb Sounder. A multi-variate regression model with quasi biennial oscillation (QBO), solar flux, aerosol optical thickness, heat flux, North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) and piecewise linear trend (PWLT) or Equivalent Effective Stratospheric Chlorine (EESC) functions is applied to the ozone anomalies. The maximum variability of ozone in winter/spring is explained by QBO and heat flux in 15-45 km and in 15-24 km, respectively. The NAO shows maximum influence in the lower stratosphere during winter while the solar flux influence is largest in the lower and middle stratosphere in summer. The total column ozone trends estimated from the PWLT and EESC functions are of −1.39±0.26 and −1.40±0.25 DU yr−1, respectively over 1984-1996 and about 0.65±0.32 and 0.42±0.08 DU yr−1, respectively over 1997-2010. The ozone profiles yield similar and significant EESC-based and PWLT trends in 1984-1996 and are about −0.5 and −0.8 % yr−1 in the lower and upper stratosphere, respectively. In 1997-2010, the EESC-based and PWLT trends are significant and of order 0.3 and 0.1 % yr−1, respectively in the 18-28 km range, and at 40-45 km, EESC provides significant ozone trends larger than the insignificant PWLT results. Therefore, this analysis unveils ozone recovery signals from total column ozone and profile measurements at OHP, and hence in the mid-latitudes.
An improved tropospheric NO 2 retrieval for OMI observations in the vicinity of mountainous terrain

Abstract. We present an approach to reduce topography-related errors of vertical tropospheric columns (VTC) of NO2 retrieved from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) in the vicinity of mountainous terrain. This is crucial for reliable estimates of air pollution levels over our particular area of interest, the Alpine region and the adjacent planes, where the Dutch OMI NO2 product (DOMINO) exhibits significant biases due to the coarse resolution of surface parameters used in the retrieval. Our approach replaces the coarse-gridded surface pressures by accurate pixel-average values using a high-resolution topography data set, and scales the a priori NO2 profiles accordingly. NO2 VTC reprocessed in this way for the period 2006–2007 suggest that NO2 over the Po Valley in Italy and over the Swiss plateau is underestimated by DOMINO by about 15–20% in winter and 5% in summer under clear-sky conditions (cloud radiance fraction
Lake Toba volcano magma chamber imaged by ambient seismic noise tomography

For the first time, ambient noise tomography is used to clearly image the magma chamber beneath Lake Toba caldera, one of the largest Quaternary calderas on Earth. Using data from 40 seismic stations deployed between May and October 2008 around Lake Toba, empirical Green's functions are extracted from long term cross‐correlations of continuous records. These functions are dominated by Rayleigh waves, whose group velocities can be measured in the period range from 2.5 to 12 seconds. Arrival times of these waves are picked for a given period and inverted using 2‐D tomography to calculate lateral variations in velocity for the given period. This was done for six different periods, which all correspond to different sampling depths. Thus the six 2‐D models presented together provide information on velocity variations with depth. The results show a low‐velocity body coincident with the Lake Toba caldera, representing the magma chamber under the volcano. The chamber is observed to have a complex 3‐D geometry, with at least two separate sub‐chambers underlying the caldera. Other results include a deep low velocity body, possibly another magma chamber, south west of the lake with an upper limit of ∼7 km depth. The maximum depth to which this body reaches could not be resolved. The Sumatra Fault marks a velocity contrast, but only down to depths not greater than 5 km. The reliability of the results was further confirmed by checkerboard recovery tests.
WITER: A powerful method for the estimation of cancer-driver genes using a weighted iterative regression accurately modelling background mutation rate

: Genomic identification of driver mutations and genes in cancer cells are critical for precision medicine. Due to difficulty in modeling distribution of background mutations, existing statistical methods are often underpowered to discriminate driver genes from passenger genes. Here we propose a novel statistical approach, weighted iterative zero-truncated negative-binomial regression (WITER), to detect cancer-driver genes showing an excess of somatic mutations. By solving the problem of inaccurately modeling background mutations, this approach works even in small or moderate samples. Compared to alternative methods, it detected more significant and cancer-consensus genes in all tested cancers. Applying this approach, we estimated 178 driver genes in 26 different cancers types. In silico validation confirmed 90.5% of predicted genes as likely known drivers and 7 genes unique for individual cancers as likely new drivers. The technical advances of WITER enable the detection of driver genes in TCGA datasets as small as 30 subjects, rescuing more genes missed by alternative tools.
Rules versus discretion in bank resolution ∗

We analyze the problem of a bank regulator who has the power to ‘bail in’ the debt of troubled banks, as is implied by newly designed bank resolution regimes. Allowing regulators to use their discretion in resolving banks permits them to act on the basis of their more precise, private information. However, regulators with discretion end up being excessively weak in order to avoid revealing adverse information and triggering bank runs. Optimally designed resolution regimes involve discretion whenever public news is favorable, but tie the regulator’s hands with rules after bad news. The optimal regime can be implemented by supplementing discretionary bail-in powers with contingent capital instruments. We show that tighter capital and liquidity regulation, and having an effective lender of last resort, improve the efﬁcacy of bail-in policies.
Ground state solitary waves local controllability for the nonlinear focusing Schrödinger equation in the mass critical and slighlty mass subcritical regime

In this paper, we prove the local controllability around diﬀerent ground state solitary wave for the slightly subcritical mass and mass critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation. More precisely, if Q c 1 and Q c 2 denotes the ground states with two diﬀerent scaling, we prove the local controllability from Q c 1 to Q c 2 in a minimal time depending on c 1 and c 2 . The results presented relies on the blow-up proﬁle in the mass critical case and on the recent self-similar blow-up result obtained by [1] in the slightly intercritical case
Further foraging for pristine nonmare rocks - Correlations between geochemistry and longitude

The most recent results from a project to find and describe pristine (that is, compositionally endogenous) nonmare rocks are reported. Sixteen nonmare samples are characterized petrographically and by composition, among them numerous key trace elements (siderophiles, incompatibles). Current knowledge about nonmare lunar rocks is surveyed, with emphasis placed on correlations between geochemistry and longitude. Several systematic differences between western ANT (that is, nonKREEPy, nonmare) rocks and the much more thoroughly studied eastern ANT rocks are noted. It is noted that western ANT rocks, whether pristine or nonpristine, tend to have higher Eu/Sm than their eastern counterparts. Pristine western ANT rocks, however, tend to have lower Sc/Sm and Ti/Sm than pristine eastern ANT rocks.
The nature and origin of asymmetric arrays of shear surfaces in fault zones

Abstract Mid- to upper-crustal fault zones often possess arrays of shear surfaces whose traces on sections perpendicular to the fault surface and parallel to the ac-plane conform with one or more of the ‘Riedel shear’ orientations. These shear surfaces often are oblique to the transport plane, however, so arrays exhibit monoclinic rather than orthorhombic symmetry. In a mudstone-dominated mélange in Humber Arm Supergroup strata in the Bay of Islands, Newfoundland, and in serpentinites from the base of the Bay of Islands complex, shear surfaces have orientations inclined to major fault-zone boundaries and an inferred ac-plane for macroscopic fault-related deformation. Deformation in these zones exhibits an overall monoclinic symmetry. The 3D, asymmetric character of shear surface fabrics suggests that a factor other than stress or the symmetric strain rate tensor controlled their formation. The velocity gradient tensor in a steady, non-coaxial shearing flow possesses a symmetry consistent with monoclinic fabrics. Shear surfaces in asymmetric arrays may initiate with predictable orientations relative to the velocity gradient tensor and then rotate toward flow apophyses, which identify stable positions in steady, 3D flows.
Ontology Management: Semantic Web, Semantic Web Services, and Business Applications (Semantic Web and Beyond)

Managing ontologies and annotated data throughout their life-cycles is at the core of semantic systems of all kinds. Ontology Management, an edited volume by senior researchers in the field, provides an up-to-date, concise and easy-to-read reference on this topic. This volume describes relevant tasks, practical and theoretical challenges, limitations and methodologies, plus available software tools. The editors discuss integrating the conceptual and technical dimensions with a business view on using ontologies, by stressing the cost dimension of ontology engineering and by providing guidance on how up-to-date tooling helps to build, maintain, and use ontologies. Also included is a one-stop reference on all aspects of managing ontological data and best practices on ontology management for a number of application domains. Ontology Management is designed as a reference or secondary text for researchers and advanced-level students studying semantic systems, Semantic Web Services (SWS) and Web Services, information systems, data and knowledge engineering, and the Semantic Web in general. Practitioners in industry will find this work invaluable as well.
Predicting the oceanic input of organic carbon by continental erosion

For a large set of major world rivers we established the empirical relations existing between the observed organic carbon fluxes and the climatic, biologic, and geomorphologic patterns characterizing the river basins. These characteristics were extracted from various ecological databases. The corresponding carbon fluxes were taken from the literature. Dissolved organic carbon fluxes are mainly related to drainage intensity, basin slope, and the amount of carbon stored in soils. Particulate organic carbon fluxes are calculated as a function of sediment fluxes, which depend principally upon drainage intensity, rainfall intensity, and basin slope. Although the drainage intensity is mainly related to the amount of precipitation and to mean temperature in the basin, slope is also retained as one of the controlling factors. Our empirical models result in a total organic carbon flux to the oceans of about 0.38 Gt per year globally. About 0.21 Gt carbon (Gt C) enter the oceans in dissolved form and about 0.17 Gt C in particulate form. We further regionalize fluxes with respect to major climates, different continents, and different ocean basins. About 45 % of the organic carbon is discharged from tropical wet regions. The major part of the dissolved organic carbon is discharged into the Atlantic Ocean, while the bulk of the particulate organic carbon is discharged into the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
“Multi-ﬁdelity Bayesian Optimization with Max-value Entropy Search and its Parallelization”

A. Semiparametric Latent Factor Model and its RFM approximation A.1. Model Definition Semiparametric Latent Factor Model (SLFM) is a Gaussian process based multiple response model (Teh et al., 2005). SLFM represents each output as a sum of C functions having different kernel functions k1, . , kC , where kc : x×x→ R is a kernel function. Let wmc ∈ R be a weight that the m-th output (fidelity) assigns to the c-th function. By introducing an independent term κcm > 0, the kernel function is written as
‘Natural’ rivers, ‘hydromorphological quality’ and river restoration: a challenging new agenda for applied fluvial geomorphology

Fluvial geomorphology is rapidly becoming centrally involved in practical applications to support the agenda of sustainable river basin management. In the UK its principal contributions to date have primarily been in flood risk management and river restoration. There is a new impetus: the European Union's Water Framework and Habitats Directives require all rivers to be considered in terms of their ecological quality, defined partly in terms of ‘hydromorphology’. This paper focuses on the problematic definition of ‘natural’ hydromorphological quality for rivers, the assessment of departures from it, and the ecologically driven strategies for restoration that must be delivered by regulators under the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). The Habitats Directive contains similar concepts under different labels. Currently available definitions of ‘natural’ or ‘reference’ conditions derive largely from a concept of ‘damage’, principally to channel morphology. Such definitions may, however, be too static to form sustainable strategies for management and regulation, but attract public support. Interdisciplinary knowledge remains scant; yet such knowledge is needed at a range of scales from catchment to microhabitat. The most important contribution of the interdisciplinary R&D effort needed to supply management tools to regulators of the WFD and Habitats regulations is to interpret the physical habitat contribution to biodiversity conservation, in terms of ‘good ecological quality’ in rivers, and the ‘hydromorphological’ component of this quality. Contributions from ‘indigenous knowledge’, through public participation, are important but often understated in this effort to drive the ‘fluvial hydrosystem’ back to spontaneous, affordable, sustainable self‐regulation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Poorer Sleep Health is Associated with Altered Cognitive Control Processing in Healthy Adults Author list:

This study investigated how proactive and reactive cognitive control processing in the brain was associated with habitual sleep health. BOLD fMRI data was acquired from 81 healthy adults with normal sleep (41 females, age 20.96 39.58 years) during a test of cognitive control (Not-X CPT). Sleep health was assessed in the week before MRI scanning, using both objective (actigraphy) and self-report measures. Multiple measures indicating poorer sleep health including later/more variable sleep timing, later chronotype preference, more insomnia symptoms and lower sleep efficiency were associated with stronger and more widespread BOLD activations (adjusted for age, sex, education, and fMRI task performance). Poorer sleep health was predominantly associated with stronger reactive cognitive control activation, indicating an overall “hyper-reactive” brain state. Analysis of time-on-task effects showed that, with longer time on task, poorer sleep health was predominantly associated with increased proactive cognitive control activation, indicating recruitment of more neural resources over time. Finally, shorter objective sleep duration was associated with poorer task performance and lower BOLD activation with time on task. In conclusion, even in normal sleepers, relatively poorer sleep health is associated with altered cognitive control processing, possibly reflecting compensatory mechanisms and / or inefficient
Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Background: Substance use by young people is strongly associated with that of their peers. Little is known about the in ﬂ uence of di ﬀ erent types of peers. We tested the relationship between perceived substance use by ﬁ ve types of peers and adolescents ’ use of illicit drugs, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Methods: We used data collected from 1285 students aged 12 – 13as part of a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial (United Kingdom, 2014 – 2016). The exposures were the perceived use of illicit drugs, smoking and alcohol consumption by best friends, boy or girlfriends, brothers or sisters, friends outside of school and online. Outcomes were self-reported lifetime use of illicit drugs, smoking and alcohol consumption assessed 18-months later. Results: The lifetime prevalence of illicit drug use, smoking and alcohol consumption at the 18-month follow-up were 14.3%, 24.9% and 54.1%, respectively. In the fully adjusted models, perceived substance use by friends outside of school, brothers or sisters, and online had the most consistent associations with outcomes. Perceived use by friends online was associated with an increased risk of ever having used illicit drugs (odds ratio [OR]=2.43, 95% con ﬁ dence interval [CI]=1.26, 4.69), smoking (OR=1.61, 95% CI 0.96, 2.70) and alcohol consumption (OR=2.98, 95% CI=1.71, 5.18). Conclusions: Perceived substance use by friends outside of school, brothers and sisters and online could be viable sources of peer in ﬂ uence. If these ﬁ ndings are replicated, a greater emphasis should be made in interventions to mitigate the in ﬂ uence of these peers.
A SOURCE PARAMETERS STUDY OF THE AFTERSHOCK SEQUENCE OF THE KOZANI- GREVENA 1995 EARTHQUAKE BASED ON ACCELERATION RECORDS

Strong motion recordings of the May 13, 1995 Mw=6.6, earthquake sequence that occurred in the Kozani-Grevena region (Western Macedonia, Greece) have been analyzed for the determination of their source parameters. The data set for this study comes from a temporarily deployed accelerograph network and the source parameters using the shear-wave displacement spectra have been estimated. For this estimation the spectral records have been corrected for the site effects and for the propagation path (geometrical spreading and anelastic attenuation). The magnitude of each event was also re-calculated by estimating appropriate station corrections. The derived relationships are
Working from home after COVID-19: Evidence from job postings in 20 countries

: We study the adoption of telework during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. We assemble a novel high-frequency database of job postings advertising work from home (telework) covering 20 countries and 55 occupational categories from January 2019 to September 2022, using data from the online job site Indeed. Exploiting changes in pandemic severity across countries and differences in the feasibility of telework across occupations in a triple differences identification strategy, we find that (i) increases in pandemic severity substantially raise advertised telework but (ii) declines have no effect on advertised telework. Even though technologies that enable effective telework – such as rapid broadband internet, file sharing via the cloud and video calls – had been available for many years, the pandemic may have triggered path dependence in its adoption. Public policies will need to adapt to make the most of permanently higher telework in terms of productivity and worker well-being.
Exploring The Interconnections of Role Satisfaction, Self-Efficacy, Negative Affect, and Stress Among College Students

EXPLORING THE INTERCONNECTIONS OF ROLE SATISFACTION, SELFEFFICACY, NEGATIVE AFFECT, AND STRESS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS Jonathan Emmons, Ph.D. Department of Psychology Northern Illinois University, 2022 Michelle Demaray, Director Previous research has explored the connections between various psychosocial factors among students, such as the negative association between self-efficacy and stress, or the influence of affect on stress. A separate vein of research has explored the nature of roles and how expectations and behaviors arise for particular roles such as those associated with work or school. As of yet, little to no research has attempted to bridge the gap between these veins of research in order to explore student satisfaction with various roles and what effect, if any, those perceptions have on overall levels of stress. The current study focused on three types of role satisfaction (family roles, friend role, and student roles) as predictors of overall stress, as well as how self-efficacy and negative affect function as intermediate factors in this evaluative process. Within a sample of undergraduate students (N = 158), none of the three types of role satisfaction significantly predicted overall stress. It was proposed that general self-efficacy might function as a mediator in the relation between role satisfaction and stress, but this was not supported for any of the three types of role satisfaction. Finally, an additional model of moderated mediation was tested with general self-efficacy proposed as a mediator in the relation between role satisfaction and stress and negative affect moderating the relation between self-efficacy and stress. However, no evidence for moderated mediation was found with each of the types of role satisfaction. Limitations to the current study are discussed, as well as directions for future research. NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY DEKALB, ILLINOIS
Topological Analysis in Indoor Shopping Mall using Ontology

Recently, human activities have expanded from outdoor spaces to indoor spaces since a lot of complex buildings were constructed over the world. Especially, visitors in a shopping mall would like to receive specific information of interest regarding various shopping-related activities as well as shopping itself. However, when it comes to providing the information, existing guide services have some drawbacks. Firstly, the existing services cannot provide visitors with the information of other stores simply and promptly on the current location. Secondly, the services have difficulties in representation and share of the shopping-related knowledge, and in providing inferred information. Thus, the purpose of this study is to develop a method that allows topological analysis utilizing ontology technique around the current position in such shopping mall in order to provide shoppingrelated information. For this, the shopping activity ontology model is designed, and based on the ontology model, inferencing rules are defined in order to extract the information of interest efficiently through semantic queries. Also, a geocoding method in indoor spaces is used regarding the current location, and optimal routing analysis, which is one of topological analysis, is applied with the result from the semantic queries. As a result, an Android application is developed for 3D visualization and user interface.