Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Probing the minor tonal hierarchy

One facet of tonality perception that has been fairly understudied in the years since Krumhansl and colleagues’ groundbreaking work on tonality (Krumhansl & Kessler, 1982; Krumhansl & Shepard, 1979) is the music theoretical notion that the minor scale can have one of three distinct forms: natural, harmonic, or melodic. The experiment reported here fills this gap by testing if listeners form distinct mental representations of the minor tonal hierarchy based on the three forms of the minor scale. Listeners heard a musical context (a scale or a sequence of chords) consisting of one of the three minor types (natural, harmonic, or melodic) and rated a probe tone according to how well it belonged with the preceding context. Listeners’ probe tone ratings corresponded well to the minor type that had been heard in the preceding context, regardless of whether the context was scalar or chordal. These data expand psychological research on the perception of tonality, and provide a convenient reference point for researchers investigating the mental representation of Western musical structure.
Nonlinear controller of a fifth-order synchronous generator model

In this paper, a nonlinear controller for the fifth order model of a synchronous generator is designed. The design procedure is based on Hinfin control theory and consists of two parts. First, the feedback linearization technique is used. Then, a linear robust controller is designed for the system. The controller has two blocks. One, is a nonlinear function of some local measurable signals such as the generator active and reactive powers, the rotor speed and the armature current. The other block is a linear controller. The performance of the controller is tested on a sample multi-machine power system model. Simulation results show the effectiveness, robustness and good performance of the proposed controller.
Impact of PVT variation on delay test of resistive open and resistive bridge defects

This paper presents an in-depth analysis of resistive open and resistive bridge defects behavior under process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variation using delay test. Using HSPICE with 65-nm and 45-nm gate libraries, this paper demonstrates that PVT variation has a negative impact on detectability of these two defects. To address this issue, this paper determines the appropriate voltage and temperature settings for detecting resistive open and bridge defects. This is identified by analyzing the timing critical resistance of these two defects under the combined effect of PVT variation. In addition, this work determines the most effective delay test class that achieves maximum coverage for resistive open defect.
E-connections of Description Logics

1 Motivation Combining description logics (DLs) with other logical formalisms, including other DLs, is an important and challenging task. Recent examples include: 1. the combination of DLs with temporal logics to form multi-dimensional temporal DLs, cf. e.g. [1, 6, 10]; 2. the fusion of multiple DLs into a single formalism that inherits decidability from its components, cf. [2]; 3. the combination of different DLs in the context of loosely federated information systems resulted in distributed description logics (DDLs), cf. [4]. A relatively new technique of combining description logics, first proposed in [9], is the formation of so-called E-connections. The general idea behind this combination method is that the interpretation domains of the connected logics are disjoint and interconnected by means of link relations. The language of the E-connection is then the union of the original languages enriched with operators capable of talking about the link relations. To illustrate this idea, let us consider the E-connection of the two description logics ALCQI and ALCIO. Assume that we have two knowledge bases: one deals with people and uses ALCQI; the other deals with countries and employs ALCIO. Note that such a scenario is quite natural: it may be the case that the two knowledge bases have been developed independently and are now required to interoperate—this situation is standard for loosely
Positive and negative modulation of word learning by reward anticipation

Recent evidence from neuroscience indicates that the anticipation of external rewards may enhance declarative memory consolidation by increasing dopaminergic‐modulated plasticity in the hippocampus. A number of studies in psychology, however, have shown that external rewards may have null, or even negative, effects on learning. To shed light on this issue, we developed a novel task, in which native Japanese speakers were rewarded to learn unknown English words inside a functional MRI scanner. Rewards had no effect on recall performance unless we used a rating of reward‐induced anxiety as a covariate. In this case, for highly rewarded words, we found a negative correlation between recall performance and anxiety ratings. For those words, high recall performance and low anxiety ratings were associated with enhanced activity in the midbrain dopaminergic centers, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. On the other hand, low recall performance and high anxiety ratings were associated with enhanced activity in the anterior cingulate and middle frontal gyrus, brain regions that have been shown to be involved with anxiety and divided attention, respectively. A connectivity analysis indicated positive functional connectivity between the midbrain dopaminergic centers and both the hippocampus and the amygdala, as well as negative connectivity between the anterior cingulate and the amygdala. Thus, both our behavioral and imaging results suggest that the anticipation of rewards can, depending on the individual level of reward‐induced anxiety, have either a beneficial effect or a negative effect on word learning. Hum Brain Mapp 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Serum androgen-anabolic hormones and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis

OBJECTIVE It has been hypothesised, mainly on the basis of indirect evidence, that low serum concentrations of androgen-anabolic hormones would play a causal part in the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A case-control study was nested with a Finnish cohort of 19 072 adults who had neither arthritis nor a history of it at the baseline examination during 1973–1977. Pre-illness serum specimens for the assay of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) were available from 116 cases who had developed RA by late 1989. Three controls per each incident case were individually matched for sex, age, and municipality. RESULTS The mean testosterone concentration was 1.4 nmol/l in those 84 women who developed RA and 1.4 nmol/l in their controls; the corresponding figures for DHEAS were 5.2 μmol/l and 5.5 μmol/l, respectively. Mean testosterone concentration in the 32 male cases was 26.1 nmol/l and 26.4 nmol/l in their controls; the corresponding figures for DHEAS were 11.2 μmol/l and 10.1 μmol/l, respectively. Analysis by subgroups (rheumatoid factor positive and negative disease, premenopausal and postmenopausal women) and by hormone distributions showed no differences. CONCLUSION The findings are not in line with the contention that low concentrations of testosterone and DHEAS play a part in the aetiology of RA.
Design of a Lightweight Transverse Flux Permanent Magnet Machine for Direct-Drive Wind Turbines

The aim of this paper is to design a lightweight transverse flux permanent magnet (TFPM) machine for large scale direct-drive wind turbines. The requirements for suitable generator systems for wind turbines are discussed. Analytical modeling of TFPM machines is discussed by considering the machine parameters and the magnetic circuit. The proposed analytical model is verified by comparing it to results of finite element analysis and experiments. A new lightweight TFPM machine is designed for a 10 MW direct-drive wind turbine and it is compared to the RFPM machine.
Benefits associated with a respiratory care assessment-treatment program: results of a pilot study.

BACKGROUND During the months of July, August, and September 1993, we implemented a respiratory care assessment-treatment pilot study on the orthopedic surgery floor in our hospital. The purpose of the study was to determine feasibility and establish cost-effective treatment plans with quality patient outcomes, while maintaining appropriate communications with physicians and nursing staff. STUDY DEVELOPMENT & IMPLEMENTATION The study's Task Force developed protocols for oxygen therapy, aerosolized medication therapy, volume expansion therapy, and bronchial hygiene therapy using the American Association for Respiratory Care's Clinical Practice Guidelines as supporting documents. Meetings were held with the orthopedic surgeons and nursing staff to inform them of the key components of the pilot program. Ten patient evaluators were trained to assess patients and implement treatment plans. EVALUATION METHODS A reference book was established that contained the protocols and support material. Patient outcomes were evaluated using previously established quality assurance plans. The length of stay, procedural volume, and cost data were collected. EVALUATION RESULTS More than 50% of the orders received during the pilot program were for "Respiratory Care Protocol. " This allowed the patient care evaluator the flexibility to initiate one of the approved protocols if indicated. No changes in patient outcomes were noted and average length of stay remained unchanged during the pilot study compared to the base period. Treatment volumes decreased, resulting in identified cost savings of $5,318 during the study. Nurses and physicians supported protocol implementation, and increased communication among caregivers was documented. We believe that professionalism of the RCPs was enhanced without compromising the ultimate decision-making responsibilities of the physician. CONCLUSIONS The use of respiratory care protocols is an acceptable method of developing clinically effective and fiscally responsible care plans. RCPs at our hospital were able to implement care plans that resulted in cost savings without a measured change in patient outcomes. Approval has been extended from the Executive Committee of the medical staff to expand hospital-wide.
Effect of Moderate or Severe Hepatic Impairment on Clarithromycin Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of clarithromycin (C) and its 14‐hydroxy‐clarithromycin (HC) metabolite were determined after a multiple‐dose oral clarithromycin regimen (250 mg twice daily for five doses) in six healthy subjects and seven patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Pugh grades B and C). Plasma and urine C and HC concentrations were determined using high‐performance liquid chromatography. Hepatic impairment resulted in increased harmonic mean C terminal disposition half‐life and mean ± SD C renal clearance (CLR) compared with normal volunteers (5.0 vs. 3.3 hr and 170 ± 69 vs. 111 ± 17 mL/min, respectively). Hepatic impairment also resulted in decreased metabolite peak plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration‐versus‐time curve and decreased metabolite/parent concentration ratios compared with normal volunteers. These data suggest that 14‐hydroxylation of C was reduced by moderate to severe hepatic impairment. No adverse events were noted in either study group and there were no study‐related clinically significant changes in laboratory parameters. The decrease in C metabolic clearance appears to be partially offset by an increase in C CLR, resulting in comparable steady‐state concentrations of parent drug. In those indications in which the metabolite may be a necessary element of the antimicrobial activity of C, it would seem prudent to be cautious in using C in patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment due to reduced production of HC. Otherwise, no dosage adjustment for C appears necessary for subjects with moderate or severe hepatic impairment provided that renal function is not impaired.
Exact solution of the asymmetric exclusion model with particles of arbitrary size.

A generalization of the simple exclusion asymmetric model is introduced. In this model an arbitrary mixture of molecules with distinct sizes s=0,1,2, . , in units of lattice space, diffuses asymmetrically on the lattice. A related surface growth model is also presented. Variations of the distribution of the molecules sizes may change the excluded volume almost continuously. We solve the model exactly through the Bethe ansatz and the dynamical critical exponent z is calculated from the finite-size corrections of the mass gap of the related quantum chain. Our results show that for an arbitrary distribution of molecules, the dynamical critical behavior is on the Kardar-Parizi-Zhang universality.
A graphical programming environment for message passing programs

A number of MP interfaces are available today but one of the most popular is the PVM software package. PVM permits the user to configure his own virtual computer by hooking together a heterogeneous collection of UNIX based machines on which the user has a valid login and which are accessible over some network. To provide high-level graphical support for PVM based program development, an integrated programming environment (GRADE) is being developed. GRADE currently provides tools to construct, execute, debug, monitor and visualise message-passing based parallel programs. GRADE offers the programmer the same graphical user interface during the whole development process and high-level graphical programming abstraction mechanisms to construct parallel applications.
Soft handoff analysis of hierarchical CDMA cellular systems

A new soft handoff analysis for hierarchical code-division multiple-access (CDMA) cellular systems is presented. Hierarchical cellular architectures have been proposed to increase cellular system capacity and flexibility. In order to extend such architectures to CDMA-based systems, the performance of soft handoff in hierarchical architectures must be considered. We first develop an analytical method for studying the interference in hierarchical CDMA cellular systems. We then apply the obtained results to a soft handoff analysis model to study the performance of soft handoff in hierarchical architectures. It is observed that dynamic handoff parameter assignment, where parameters are dynamically adjusted according to given interference conditions, offers a more efficient handoff mechanism than fixed handoff parameter assignment.
A ESCOLA BRASILEIRA DE CHORO RAPHAEL RABELLO DE BRASÍLIA: um estudo de caso de preservação musical bem-sucedida

This work is part of a wider inquiry on the formation of the artistic field in Brasilia, which tries to establish the elements of the sentimental education process of the federal capital artists. It focuses the development and the acceptance of choro as a musical genre in a context of contemporaneity and in a city already known as the national capital of rock and roll. The paper shows how traditional musical elements were combined to transform the School of Choro of Brasilia in a well-succeeded case of musical education. It inserts the history of this musical genre in the specificities of the artistic creation of the city and it compares its prominence with the one of other areas of cultural creation. It discusses if it would, indeed, have a specific way to play choro and it presents a synthesis of the careers of some of its most famous representatives. Finally, it presents some conclusions regarding the assumption that, in spite of its short existence (47 years), the federal capital would already become a true "factory of talents" and regarding the role of the School of Choro in the confirmation or rejection of this statement.
Serviço Social e medidas socioeducativas: o trabalho na perspectiva da garantia de direitos

This present article has an objective to contribute to the discussion about the Professional work of the Social Worker in the contemporary. Considering the present configuration of the society, the social worker has being inserted in various camps of work, and the implementation of socio-educational measures these camps. So, the reflection presented here will approach and discuss some information about reality, focusing on the work of social workers in the socio-educational measure of confinement regime.
Accounting for Materialism in Four Cultures

Accounts for materialism are examined based on qualitative research in Romania, Turkey, the USA, and Western Europe. Various spontaneously offered accounts reconcile the discrepancy between the belief that materialism is bad and materialistic consumption behavior and aspirations. These accounts include justifications - passionate connoisseurship, instrumentalism, and altruism - and excuses - the compelling external forces, the ways of the modern world, and deservingness. The differences in accounts can be understood culturally and historically. In negotiating the ‘bad’ material world with their own consumption worlds, informants draw from various ethics prevalent in their cultures to moralize their personal materialistic consumption. Our findings suggest ways in which materialism, moralized by local accounts, is able to grow globally in spite of its condemnation.
Adaptive Hashing with Sparse Modification

By representing data through compact binary encodings, hashing techniques have been widely used for data retrieval because of their large data storage and efficient computational time. Most hashing algorithms typically learn a finite number of data projections, but learning optimal projections remains unaddressed. To deal with this limitation, a novel approach, dubbed Adaptive Hashing with Sparse Modification(AHSM), is proposed that learns binary indices composed of the vertices of hypercube and the projection matrix are comprised of two matrices in this paper. The first matrix is orthogonal for rotating data and the second one is sparse for modifying data. The essence of our scheme is that an optimal transformation of data is learned to minimize quantization distortion and improve model fidelity. AHSM has two contributions: the first one is accuracy improvement, and the second one is no increase on computational complexity. Through experiments, we find that AHSM substantially surpasses several state-of-the-art hashing schemes on three data sets.
A Generalization of Kotzig's Theorem and Its Application

An edge of a graph is light when the sum of the degrees of its end-vertices is at most 13. The well-known Kotzig theorem states that every 3-connected planar graph contains a light edge. Later, Borodin [J. Reine Angew. Math., 394 (1989), pp. 180-185] extended this result to the class of planar graphs of minimum degree at least 3. We deal with generalizations of these results for planar graphs of minimum degree 2. Borodin, Kostochka, and Woodall [J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, 71 (1997), pp. 184-204] showed that each such graph contains a light edge or a member of two infinite sets of configurations, called 2-alternating cycles and 3-alternators. This implies that planar graphs with maximum degree $\Delta \geq 12$ are $\Delta$-edge-choosable. We prove a similar result with 2-alternating cycles and 3-alternators replaced by five fixed bounded-sized configurations called crowns. This gives another proof of $\Delta$-edge-choosability of planar graphs with $\Delta \geq 12$. However, we show efficient choosability; i.e., we describe a linear-time algorithm for $\max\{\Delta,12\}$-edge-list-coloring planar graphs. This extends the result of Chrobak and Yung [J. Algorithms, 10 (1989), pp. 35-51].
Effects of a Foster Parent Training Intervention on Placement Changes of Children in Foster Care

Placement disruptions undermine efforts of child welfare agencies to promote safety, permanency, and child well-being. Child behavior problems significantly contribute to placement changes. The aims of this investigation were to examine the impact of a foster parent training and support intervention (KEEP) on placement changes and to determine whether the intervention mitigates placement disruption risks associated with children's placement histories. The sample included 700 families with children between ages 5 and 12 years, from a variety of ethnic backgrounds. Families were randomly assigned to the intervention or control condition. The number of prior placements was predictive of negative exits from current foster placements. The intervention increased chances of a positive exit (e.g., parent/child reunification) and mitigated the risk-enhancing effect of a history of multiple placements. Incorporating intervention approaches based on a parent management training model into child welfare services may improve placement outcomes for children in foster care.
Identification and molecular characterization of a natural mutant of the p50.2/KIR2DS2 activating NK receptor that fails to mediate NK cell triggering

P50/KIR2DS molecules represent the activating form of the HLA‐C‐specific inhibitory NK receptors. They are characterized, in the transmembrane portion, by a charged amino acid that is involved in coupling with signal‐transducing adaptor polypeptides. In this study we identified a novel p50.2/KIR2DS2 surface molecule, isolated from NK cell clones derived from an otherwise normal donor, that was unable to transduce activating signals. Sequence analysis of the cDNA encoding this molecule revealed six non‐conservative codon mutations in the exon coding for the putative transmembrane portion. Notably, one of such mutations involved the charged residue lysine thought to be important for the association with signal‐transducing polypeptides. Indeed, co‐transfection experiments revealed that this naturally occurring p50.2/KIR2DS2 mutant, termed Mp50.2, displayed a sharply reduced ability to associate with DAP12 polypeptides. These data provide the first in vivo demonstration of the crucial role played by the transmembrane region of p50.2 receptor molecules in the functional association with DAP12 adaptor molecules and in the process of activation of NK‐mediated cytotoxicity.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacteriophage vB_Eco_swan01

ABSTRACT Bacteriophage vB_Eco_swan01 was isolated from an ornamental pool using Escherichia coli MG1655 as the host. Bacteriophage vB_Eco_swan01 has limited similarity with other known phages at the nucleotide level and likely represents a new bacteriophage species within the Tunavirinae.
BK potassium channel modulation by leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins

Molecular diversity of ion channel structure and function underlies variability in electrical signaling in nerve, muscle, and nonexcitable cells. Regulation by variable auxiliary subunits is a major mechanism to generate tissue- or cell-specific diversity of ion channel function. Mammalian large-conductance, voltage- and calcium-activated potassium channels (BK, KCa1.1) are ubiquitously expressed with diverse functions in different tissues or cell types, consisting of the pore-forming, voltage- and Ca2+-sensing α-subunits (BKα), either alone or together with the tissue-specific auxiliary β-subunits (β1–β4). We recently identified a leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing membrane protein, LRRC26, as a BK channel auxiliary subunit, which causes an unprecedented large negative shift (∼140 mV) in voltage dependence of channel activation. Here we report a group of LRRC26 paralogous proteins, LRRC52, LRRC55, and LRRC38 that potentially function as LRRC26-type auxiliary subunits of BK channels. LRRC52, LRRC55, and LRRC38 produce a marked shift in the BK channel’s voltage dependence of activation in the hyperpolarizing direction by ∼100 mV, 50 mV, and 20 mV, respectively, in the absence of calcium. They along with LRRC26 show distinct expression in different human tissues: LRRC26 and LRRC38 mainly in secretory glands, LRRC52 in testis, and LRRC55 in brain. LRRC26 and its paralogs are structurally and functionally distinct from the β-subunits and we designate them as a γ family of the BK channel auxiliary proteins, which potentially regulate the channel’s gating properties over a spectrum of different tissues or cell types.