Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERSONAL FACTORS OF COORDINATION OF PROFESSIONAL AND FAMILY CAREER IN YOUTH

The study is aimed to explore personality factors in the coordination of family and professional careers by young people. The urgency of the problem is due to the contradiction between the high social prestige of personal professional self-realization and the objectively low social significance of parenthood. The Technique of incomplete sentences; World Assumptions Scale (in modification M. Padun and A.Kotelnikova); technique of life-meaning orientations (D.A. Leontiev) were used. The study involved 211 girls aged 19 to 21 years old. Four strategies for coordinating professional and family careers were identified: a family career priority strategy (30.3%); a strategy of harmonious combination of professional and family career (45%); the strategy of conformity to social expectations to the traditional gender role (11.4%); the strategy professional career priority when rejecting a family career (13.3%). Basic assumptions in a group with a family career priority strategy are characterized by the highest ratings of the world as fair, confidence in a person’s ability to control what is happening to him; faith in good luck and positive self. In the group with the strategy of harmonious combination of professional and family careers in comparison with the group with the strategy of the priority of professional career, higher scores for the same scales were found. The highest meaningfulness of life, including the perception of one’s life as interesting and meaningful, satisfaction with self-realization and confidence in the ability to control one’s life, was found for a group with a family career priority strategy.
University of Birmingham Cell mechanics in biomedical cavitation

Studies on the deformation behaviours of cellular entities, such as coated microbubbles and liposomes subject to a cavitation flow, become increasingly important for the advancement of ultrasonic imaging and drug delivery. Numerical simulations for bubble dynamics of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) based on the boundary integral method are presented in this work. The effects of the encapsulating shell are estimated by adapting Hoff's model used for thin-shell contrast agents. The viscosity effects are estimated by including the normal viscous stress in the boundary condition. In parallel, mechanical models of cell membranes and liposomes as well as state-of-the-art techniques for quantitative measurement of viscoelasticity for a single cell or coated microbubbles are reviewed. The future developments regarding modelling and measurement of the material properties of the cellular entities for the cutting-edge biomedical applications are also discussed.
The herpetofaunal diversity of Takhar Province, Afghanistan

Takhar Province of Afghanistan was previously known to harbour only two species of amphibians and eight species of reptiles with no record of snake species. From 2020 to 2021, we collected herpetological data from the Province and identified 14 species and specimens representing species complexes ( Bufotes viridis complex and Trapelus agilis complex), with first records of Testudo hors-fieldii (Testudinidae), Paralaudakia badakhshana (Agamidae), Pseudopus apodus (Anguidae), Tenuidactylus caspius (Gekkonidae), Eumeces schneideri (Scincidae) and Varanus griseus (Varanidae). In addition, we report the first province records of snakes, includ - ing Eryx tataricus (Erycidae), Hemorrhois ravergieri (Colubridae), Natrix tessellata (Natricidae) and the venomous species Naja oxiana (Elapidae). These records connect and supplement previously obtained data of these species from surrounding provinces and neighbouring countries. Our data reveal that Takhar Province is home to at least 20 species of amphibians and reptiles with a strong affiliation to the Turanian chorotype. All these data are a significant source of information for the diversity of herpetofauna in Afghanistan and subsequent biodiversity research in the Central Asiatic region.
ROLE OF ADJUVANT THERAPY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF EARLY STAGE CERVICAL CANCER

Background on Surgical Management For over 100 years, radical hysterectomy has been the preferred surgical method for treating early (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO] clinical stages I and II) cervical carcinoma. The first radical hysterectomy operation was described by John G. Clark, resident gynecologist under Howard Kelly at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1895. In a pathological examination of 20 cases treated by hysterectomy, Clark found that the disease had extended past the margins of resection in 15 cases. Influenced by the surgical doctrines of William Halsted, he developed an operative technique that is today recognized as the first true radical hysterectomy [1]. The operation was modified and popularized by Ernst Wertheim, whose experience was impressive in magnitude, completeness of patient follow-up, and descriptions of complications associated with the procedure [2]. Procedural modifications were later introduced by Okabayaski (isolation of the rectum and resection of the cardinal and uterosacral ligaments prior to the anterior dissection) and by Schauta (radical vaginal approach) [3,4]. Liu and Meigs [5] reinvigorated interest in primary surgical treatment of cervical cancer with reported 5-year survival rates >75% and no operative
Housing Finance in the Euro Area

This report analyses the main developments in housing finance in the euro area in the decade, covering the period from 1999 to 2007. It looks at mortgage indebtedness, various characteristics of loans for house purchase, the funding of such loans and the spreads between the interest rates on loans granted by banks and the interest rates banks had to pay on their funding, or the return they made on alternative investments. In addition, the report contains a comparison of key aspects of housing finance in the euro area with those in the United Kingdom and the United States. At the end, the report briefly discusses aspects of the transmission of monetary policy to the economy. JEL Classification: D14, E44, E5, G21, R21.
Autosomal Recessive HEM/Greenberg Skeletal Dysplasia Is Caused by 3β-Hydroxysterol Δ14-Reductase Deficiency Due to Mutations in the Lamin B Receptor Gene

Hydrops-ectopic calcification-“moth-eaten” (HEM) or Greenberg skeletal dysplasia is an autosomal recessive chondrodystrophy with a lethal course, characterized by fetal hydrops, short limbs, and abnormal chondro-osseous calcification. We found elevated levels of cholesta-8,14-dien-3β-ol in cultured skin fibroblasts of an 18-wk-old fetus with HEM, compatible with a deficiency of the cholesterol biosynthetic enzyme 3β-hydroxysterol Δ14-reductase. Sequence analysis of two candidate genes encoding putative human sterol Δ14-reductases (TM7SF2 and LBR) identified a homozygous 1599–1605TCTTCTA→CTAGAAG substitution in exon 13 of the LBR gene encoding the lamin B receptor, which results in a truncated protein. Functional complementation of the HEM cells by transfection with control LBR cDNA confirmed that LBR encoded the defective sterol Δ14-reductase. Mutations in LBR recently have been reported also to cause Pelger-Huet anomaly, an autosomal dominant trait characterized by hypolobulated nuclei and abnormal chromatin structure in granulocytes. The fact that the healthy mother of the fetus showed hypolobulated nuclei in 60% of her granulocytes confirms that classic Pelger-Huet anomaly represents the heterozygous state of 3β-hydroxysterol Δ14-reductase deficiency.
CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE OF BALD EAGLES VIA PREY

Voyageurs National Park (VNP) represents a major concentration site for nesting bald eagles CHaliaeetus leucoceDhalus), which are currently listed in Minnesota as a federally threatened species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. Despite the increase in numbers and progress toward recovery in Minnesota from DOE years, the bald eagle population at VNP has lagged behind the recovery of other eagle populations. Recent studies have shown that bald eagles in VNP contain elevated concentrations of certain pesticides and industrial contaminants. Elevated concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichloro diphenyl dichloroethylene (DOE), and mercury and other compounds in the prey base may be contributing to the reduced reproductive success in VNP's eagle population. In order to assess the potential route and degree of contaminant exposure of bald eagles at VNP and the relationship of that exposure to reproductive performance, we obtained eaglet plasma and feathers and known preferred prey items (fish and bird) from selected sites in VNP and~adjacent exterior sites during the 1993 breeding season for organochlorine and mercury analysis. Eaglet mercury concentrations, but not total PCBs or DOE, differed among the four major lakes within VNP. However, no significant correlations between eaglet tissue and mean five-year productivity for total PCBs, DOE, or total mercury were observed. Total PCBs and organochlorine pesticides were found in significantly higher concentrations in herring gulls than the fish species obtained throughout the park. Mercury concentrations, on the other hand, were found in high concentrations among all of the four species measured. Mercury concentrations, but not total PCBs or organochlorine pesticides, in VNP prey were equal to fish concentrations determined to have the potential to cause adverse effects on bald eagles in the Great Lakes.
Global action to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination

There is no question that the stigma and discrimination associated with HIV and AIDS can be reduced through intervention. The inclusion of stigma and discrimination reduction as a critical component of achieving an AIDS‐free generation in recent UNAIDS, UN and PEPFAR political initiatives is promising. Yet national governments need evidence on effective interventions at the individual, community and societal levels in order to strategically incorporate stigma and discrimination reduction into national AIDS plans. Currently, the heterogeneity of stigma and discrimination reduction approaches and measurement makes it challenging to compare and contrast evaluated interventions. Moving forward, it is critical for the research community to: (1) clearly link intervention activities to the domains of stigma to be shifted; (2) assess the stigma domains in a consistent manner; and (3) link stigma and discrimination reduction with HIV prevention, care and treatment outcomes (e.g., uptake, adherence and retention of ART). These steps would further advance the scientific evidence base of stigma and discrimination reduction and allow for the identification of effective interventions that could be scaled up by national governments.
Bed roughness over vegetated beds: sonar imaging techniques and effect on unidirectional currents

Small scale roughness of the seafloor is of direct relevance to a range of interests, including boundary layer hydrodynamics, sediment transport and high-frequency acoustic scattering. Despite its importance, only few studies have quantitatively resolved seafloor height at the relevant scales. In particular, characterisation of roughness over vegetated beds is needed to better understand hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the coastal zone. A new Benthic Roughness Acoustic Device (BRAD) has been developed to define microtopographical roughness through high-resolution imagery of the seabed. BRAD, composedof a profiling sonar – the Sediment Imager Sonar (SIS) – and a motor, both mounted on a frame, enables measurements of the seabed elevation over an area of 1.7 m 2 . A thresholdmethod was established to detect the seabed from the SIS raw data. Laboratorydeployments were carried out in order to assess the system accuracy over known targetsand its ability to discriminate sediment sizes. Field deployments at 6 sites enabled the imaging of a variety of seabed types; in particular bioturbated fine sand and mud, seagrass canopies, gravelly sand and ripple fields. Spectral analysis applied on the seabed elevations was used to characterise roughness type. Seagrasses are flowering plants that have adapted to the submerged marine environment.They develop extensive underwater meadows in coastal areas around the world, forming complex, highly productive ecosystems. The SIS was used together with a towed videocamera system to survey a seagrass (Zostera marina) bed in Calshot, UK. A method was developed to assess Z. marina presence from the SIS data and its results were tested against video data. The SIS proved to be a useful tool for seagrass surveying and the use of the SIS and the video yielded a preliminary map of the seagrass bed. Seagrass canopies exert strong effects on water flow inside and around them. The influenceof Zostera marina canopies on flow, turbulence, roughness and sediment movement was evaluated through laboratory experiments. Numerous runs were carried out in an annular and a straight, recirculating flume using live Z. marina and a mobile sand layer. Flow was greatly decelerated inside the canopy while turbulence was increased. The Turbulent Kinetic Energy was observed to be maximal at the canopy/water interface. This was hypothesised to be related to the canopy ‘wavy’ motion. Sediment movement was observed within the canopy as scour around the stems. Ripples formed downstream of the canopy at velocities lower than the sediment threshold of motion. Intermittent turbulence associated with the burst phenomenon is thought to be responsible for this.
The Impact of the Minimum Wage Increase on Subjective Wellbeing: Evidence from Japan

This study examines the association between subjective wellbeing and minimum wage using the Japan Panel Survey of Consumers (JPSC). JPSC investigates Japanese young and middle-aged women with a relatively high proportion of low-paid, non-regular workers. Based on fixed-effects models, the estimated results revealed no significant effect of minimum wage when using the continuous variable of life satisfaction as the dependent variable. However, we found a significant positive association between the minimum wage and life satisfaction when a dummy variable indicating whether the respondent had a high life satisfaction was used as the independent variable. This positive association was robust against estimation methods and the change of the definition of the treatment group that was affected by the minimum wage and the control group that was not affected by the minimum wage but worked at wage levels near the minimum wage. The estimated results of this study are partially consistent with previous studies examining the effect of introducing the minimum wage in Germany.
Assessing the Relationship Between Educational Attainment, Health Conditions, and Flu Vaccination: An Examination of the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Flu vaccination is an effective and safe way of mitigating widespread illness, as well as preventing various health complications among individuals. Despite mounting evidence to support this, many individuals choose not to be vaccinated against the flu for various reasons, such as lack of knowledge about the flu and the vaccine, distrust of public officials, among many others. To lessen vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination rates, education seems to be an important factor. Studies have shown that greater levels of educational attainment, participation in employer-based or community-based educational programs, as well as informal education through contact with the healthcare system through a particular health condition, may all be positively associated with vaccine uptake. In this study, using the 2019 BRFSS, two of these educational avenues, formal education level as well as prior health conditions, are examined to determine if flu vaccination rates vary across their levels, controlling for other demographic covariates. Results indicate that greater levels of education as well as health condition diagnosis are associated with an increased likelihood of flu vaccination. This may suggest a need for improved public health education at the K-12 level.
Attitudes towards the English Language among Agriculture Students: A Case Study

Background: At the University of Agriculture in Peshawar, like at other professional institutions i.e., medical, law and engineering, all the core subjects are taught through English and all the exams (both oral and written) are conducted in English. Therefore, proficiency in English is an essential need of every student. Since a majority of the agriculture students perform poorly in the core subjects due to their weak English, this study was undertaken to explore the attitudes of agriculture students towards the English language and its four skills i.e., listening, speaking, reading and writing. Purpose: The basic aim to this study was to examine the attitude among Agriculture students towards the English language and its basic skills. Moreover, the present study is also an attempt to establish the differences, if any, in the attitudes of the male and female students towards English. Method: This study used a mixed-methods approach to find answers to the research questions. In order to obtain valid and reliable results, the researcher considered quantitative and qualitative approaches to be very appropriate for the collection and analysis of data for the present study. Quantitative data was collected by means of a five-point Likert scale questionnaire with 30 closed items and was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews from 30 deliberately selected students and were analyzed using thematic analysis. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the agriculture students had positive attitudes towards the English language and its four skills. The study also highlighted no statistically significant difference in the attitudes of students by their gender. However, female students displayed slightly more positive attitudes towards English as compared to their male counterparts. A majority of the students regarded writing in English as a hard task. Nevertheless, most students desired achieving high proficiency in all the four skills of English language.
INTERVAL VERSUS CONTINUOUS SMALL-SIDED SOCCER GAMES WITH SAME PITCH SIZE AND NUMBER OF PLAYERS

The aim of the study compared effects of intermittent and continuous small-sided games (SSGs) on physiological and technical activities in soccer players. Totally 16 male amateur soccer players (Mean age: 22.37±1.69 years, height: 170.89±5.96 cm and body mass: 67.37±7.47 kg) were recruited as participants. Subjects were separated in 4 groups of 4 players according to the Yo-Yo test results and their coaches' comments. Four-a-side SSGs were used in a pitch size of 26 m x 34 m and 2 different small-sided games were used in this study. Intermittent SSG (ISSG) included a series of 3 bouts of 6 min duration with 3 min recovery between sets. Continuous SSG (CSSG) was a bout of 18 min duration with no recovery. Heart rate (HR), the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and blood lactate concentration (LA) were measured as physical parameters and shoot on target, total pass, accurate pass, inaccurate pass, interception, dribbling, tackle, and possessing the ball were counted by Mathball Match Analyses System. A repeated measures ANOVA method, paired and unpaired tests were used to analyses data. The results of this study suggest that SSGs might cause increases of HR, RPE, and LA and that intermittent and continuous SSGs might not bring about an alteration on HR, RPE and LA.
Coupling models of crustal deformation and mantle convection with a computational framework

Crust and mantle exhibit contrasting compositions and thus distinct rheologies, making it challenging to model their combined mechanical behaviors. A code coupling technique is explored in order to solve multi-material and multi-physics problems. We adapt Pyre , a framework allowing distinct codes to exchange variables through shared interfaces, to the coupling of a Lagrangian and an Eulerian code. Motivated by computationally challenging problems like crust-mantle interaction, we couple an explicit code for the solution of crustal deformation for the mechanics of lithosphere with a ﬁnite element model for mantle dynamics, both in a spherical domain. The continuity of velocities and tractions and the no-slip conditions are imposed on the interfaces. The benchmarks against analytic solutions to the bending of a thin plate veriﬁes that SNAC can give accurate solutions for the traction boundary conditions and that Pyre can correctly handle the crucial data exchanges. As a preliminary model in anticipation of more realistical problems, an elasto-visco-plastic lithosphere is coupled to a Newtonian viscous mantle. Flow in the mantle is driven by a hot
Direct and indirect neurogenesis generate a mosaic of distinct glutamatergic projection neuron types and cortical subnetworks

Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA. Program in Neuroscience and Medical Scientist Training Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA Program in Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA Institute of Brain Science, FuDan University, Shanghai, China
Preparation of cauda epididymal sperm and induction of capacitation

In mammals, only the sperm that have undergone stepwise activation, including maturation in the epididymis and capacitation in the tubal isthmus, are able to initiate both hyperactivated motility and acrosome reaction to fertilize an ovum. Although the mechanisms in capacitation remain unclear, the tyrosine phosphorylation of functional proteins and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), are thought to be particularly important. Comprehensive analyses of the proteins that become tyrosine-phosphorylated during the capacitation process have identified a number of proteins, including aldose reductase (AR). Subsequent functional analysis showed that AR in the particulate fraction of the porcine sperm plays a central role in capacitation. In the present study, after fractionating sperm into cytosolic, membrane, flagellar, and head fractions, we scrutinized the localization of AR to be tyrosine-phosphorylated during capacitation and whether its activity was increased. It was found that the AR localized to the flagellum was tyrosine-phosphorylated, followed by the stimulation of its activity. Furthermore, NADPH levels in the sperm was found to be decreased during capacitation, while ROS levels increased. AR is the rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway and uses NADPH as a coenzyme to convert glucose into sorbitol. These results suggest that the activation of flagellar AR by tyrosine phosphorylation reduces the amount of NADPH in sperm. This impairs the action of the glutathione cycle, which is important for its ROS elimination mechanism, leading to an increase in ROS levels. The present study suggests that sperm have a physiologically relevant ROS production system that is regulated by flagellar AR activities. Keywords
ADVANCES IN NEURAL INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS 16

In order to understand AdaBoost’s dynamics, especially its ability to maximize margins, we derive an associated simplified nonlinear iterated map and analyze its behavior in low-dimensional cases. We find stable cycles for these cases, which can explicitly be used to solve for AdaBoost’s output. By considering AdaBoost as a dynamical system, we are able to prove Rätsch and Warmuth’s conjecture that AdaBoost may fail to converge to a maximal-margin combined classifier when given a ‘nonoptimal’ weak learning algorithm. AdaBoost is known to be a coordinate descent method, but other known algorithms that explicitly aim to maximize the margin (such as AdaBoost∗ and arc-gv) are not. We consider a differentiable function for which coordinate ascent will yield a maximum margin solution. We then make a simple approximation to derive a new boosting algorithm whose updates are slightly more aggressive than those of arc-gv.