Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal production and inventory location in supply networks under uncertainty environment

Supply networks have become major elements in the global economy. The uncertainties of the network present great operating risk to all of the numbers in supply networks. This paper focus on the optimal production and inventory location problem in supply networks under demand and transmission capacity uncertainty. A Monte Carlo simulation method is used to solve this linear mix-integer stochastic programming problem. Some study cases are given at the end of the paper.
Epidemiology of Trauma in Patients Admitted to an Emergency Ward in Yasuj

Background: Accidents are the most frequent reason for admission to hospitals and the second most common cause of mortality. Accident-related injuries can cause severe financial loss in communities. Understanding the causes and prevalence of accidents is necessary to prevent such losses. Objectives: The objective of the present study was to reveal the causes of accidents leading to admission to the emergency ward of Shahid Beheshti hospital, the referral and educational hospital of the Kohkilooyeh and Boyerahmad provinces in Yasuj. Methods: The present research was a cross-sectional study of the information of 583 patients who were admitted to the emergency ward of Shahid Beheshti hospital due to accidents. Data were extracted from the medical records of patients admitted to the emergency ward of the hospital during the calendar year March, 2011 to March, 2012. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 19. Results: Among the 583 patients admitted to the emergency ward due to accidents, 396 (68%) were male and 187 (32%) were female, with a mean age of 28 years (25 - 55 years). 257 patients (44.1%) were admitted to the emergency ward from 6 pm to 12 pm and Wednesday with 97 cases (17.7%). Only 176 patients (31.2%) used insurance services during hospitalization. The most common causes of accidents leading to admission were traffic accidents (66.4%), falls and collisions (29.06%), and fights (2.17%). The average hospital fee was 630,253 rails. Conclusions: The findings of the present study show that patients 24 - 44 years of age were the most likely to experience accidents such as traffic accidents, falls, and fights which inflict irreversible damage on communities and families and cause financial and mental suffering due to the loss of man power. Most of these accidents could be prevented by improvements in public training, driver’s education, modification of areas where accidents frequently occur, and enforcement of safety measures.
Performance analysis of SLA-aware connection provisioning in optical networks

In this paper, we propose a variable-server queuing model to analyze the performance of an optical WDM network where connection requests arrive with differentiated SLA requirements, and they are provisioned by an appropriate protection scheme. The proposed model consists of three stages where each stage corresponds to one of these provisioning types. Each stage i scales the connection arrival rate with a coefficient αi which is related to the contribution of the corresponding provisioning scheme to the overall blocking probability. We generate various SLA classes and compare the results of our proposed analysis method to simulations under the NSFNET topology. Numerical results show that, our proposed model is able to provide a close lower bound to blocking probability, and a close upper bound for the average number of connections utilizing the wavelength channels.
Collaborative opportunistic sensing with mobile phones

Mobile phones include a variety of sensors that can be used to develop context-aware applications and gather data about the user's behavior, including the places he visits, his level of activity and how frequently and with whom he socializes. The collection and analysis of these data has been the focus of recent attention in ubiquitous computing, giving rise to the field known as mobile sensing. In this work, we present a collaborative extension to InCense, a toolkit to facilitate behavioral data gathering from populations of mobile phone users. InCense aims at providing people with little or no technical background with a tool that assists in the rapid design and implementation of mobile phone sensing campaigns. By extending the architecture of InCense to support distributed sensing campaigns we are able to incorporate several strategies aimed at optimizing battery, storage, and bandwidth. These issues represent significant challenges in sensing campaigns that generate considerable amounts of data (i.e., collecting audio) or quickly drain the battery in the device (i.e., GPS), given the limitations of mobile devices. In this work, collaborative sensing is used to decide which mobile phone should capture audio when two or more devices are potentially recording a similar audio signal.
Detection of driver cognitive distraction: An SVM based real-time algorithm and its comparison study in typical driving scenarios

Detection of driver cognitive distraction is critical for active safety systems of road vehicles. Compared with visual distraction, cognitive distraction is more challenging for detection due to the lack of apparent exterior features. This paper presents a novel real-time detection algorithm for driver cognitive distraction by using support vector machine (SVM). Data are collected from 26 subjects, driving in typical urban and highway scenarios in a simulator. The chosen urban scenario is the stop-controlled intersection and the highway scenario is the speed-limited highway. Driver cognitive distraction while driving is induced by clock tasks which compete with the main driving tasks for visuospatial short working memory. For each subject, distracted driving instances and the equal number of non-distracted driving instances were collected (24 for urban scenario and 20 for highway scenario in total). Features concerning both driving performance and eye movement are used for training and validation. The proposed algorithm have correct rate of 93.0% and 98.5% for highway and urban scenarios respectively. Results also show that driver distraction can be recognized 6.5 s to 9.0 s after its happening, indicating good performance of the detection algorithm.
A study on interference mitigation method with spectrum shaping code in DS-UWB radar

A vehicular radar is an essential device to reduce traffic accidents. In particular, ultra wide band (UWB) radar system has gained much attention since it can measure the distance to the target with high precision, in addition direct sequence ultra wide band (DS-UWB) radar has been studied in recent year because of its high autocorrelation peak. However UWB radar system has coexistence problem with existing system because it has very wide bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a interference reduction scheme for DS-UWB radar using spectrum shaping coded spread sequence. We compare proposed scheme with conventional scheme by computer simulations, using the ranging error as the comparison criterion.
Histological validation of high-resolution DTI in human post mortem tissue

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is amongst the simplest mathematical models available for diffusion magnetic resonance imaging, yet still by far the most used one. Despite the success of DTI as an imaging tool for white matter fibers, its anatomical underpinnings on a microstructural basis remain unclear. In this study, we used 65 myelin-stained sections of human premotor cortex to validate modeled fiber orientations and oft used microstructure-sensitive scalar measures of DTI on the level of individual voxels. We performed this validation on high spatial resolution diffusion MRI acquisitions investigating both white and gray matter. We found a very good agreement between DTI and myelin orientations with the majority of voxels showing angular differences less than 10°. The agreement was strongest in white matter, particularly in unidirectional fiber pathways. In gray matter, the agreement was good in the deeper layers highlighting radial fiber directions even at lower fractional anisotropy (FA) compared to white matter. This result has potentially important implications for tractography algorithms applied to high resolution diffusion MRI data if the aim is to move across the gray/white matter boundary. We found strong relationships between myelin microstructure and DTI-based microstructure-sensitive measures. High FA values were linked to high myelin density and a sharply tuned histological orientation profile. Conversely, high values of mean diffusivity (MD) were linked to bimodal or diffuse orientation distributions and low myelin density. At high spatial resolution, DTI-based measures can be highly sensitive to white and gray matter microstructure despite being relatively unspecific to concrete microarchitectural aspects.
The Influence of Using Clustering Technique Towards Students’ Exposition Paragraph Writing Ability at The Second Semester of the Tenth Grade of MAN 1 Tanggamus in 2015/2016 Academic Year

This research is conducted based on the phenomena taking place in school that are many students often consider writing difficult. The students are not interested in the technique of English teacher; students also are lack of motivation in learning writing. The students’ exposition paragraph writing score is below the criteria of minimum mastery (KKM) at MAN 1 Tanggamus. Therefore, this research discusses the influence of using Clustering Technique in teaching writing, especially for students’ exposition paragraph writing ability. The objective of the research is to find out whether there is influence of Clustering Technique towards students’ exposition paragraph writing ability at the second semester of the tenth grade of MAN 1 Tanggamus, Lampung in 2015/2016 academic year. The methodology of this research was quasi experimental design with the treatment held in 3 meetings, 2 x 45 minutes for each. The population of this research was tenth grade students of MAN 1 Tanggamus, Lampung. The total sample in this research was 53 students that were taken from two classes, X.I and X.2. In collecting the data, the researcher used instruments, pre-test and post-test. The instrument was exposition paragraph writing test. After giving the post-test, the researcher analyzed the data by using independent sample t-test. From the data analysis, it was found that the result of calculating was t observed (5.94) with t critical (1.6759), it means that the score of t observed was higher than t critical , so Ho was refused. So, there was influence of Clustering Technique towards students’ exposition paragraph writing ability at the second semester of the tenth grade of MAN 1 Tanggamus, Tanggamus, Lampung.
The effect of client buffer and MBR consideration on DASH Adaptation Logic

DASH is new ISO/IEC MPEG and 3GPP standard for HTTP multimedia streaming that begins to be widely accepted in the industry. DASH is design to be flexible and support various multimedia formats. DASH unify the proprietary adaptive streaming solutions and suggests differing between them by using different behavioral approaches, each one best suited for the specific streaming application. Each behavior is determined by Adaptation Logic (AL), which decides according to the estimation of the network conditions and buffer state what is the best suitable segment to be requested from the streaming server. This work presents the drawback of current DASH standard and its vulnerability to variable bit rate stream encoding. We have found that the advertised bit rate for each quality layer that was dictated by the Media Presentation Description (MPD) isn't accurate for VBR streaming. Moreover, we suggest an Adaptive Buffer Moving Median (ABMM) buffer sensitive adaptation logic that will support its bandwidth estimation decisions based on the client buffer redundancy. The new method was found to be suitable for mobile network traffic which is characterized with large fluctuations with network bandwidth. Our proposed solution showed more than 20 percent better average PSNR improvement compared to the original VLC plug-in rate adaptation logic.
„Wer nicht arbeitet, soll auch nicht essen!“ Eine Vignettenanalyse zur Bestimmung eines Einkommensmindestbedarfs

Abstract Seif der Umgestaltung des deutschen Arbeitsmarktes im Zuge der Hartz-Reformen ist die Diskussion um ein menschenwürdiges Existenzminimum neu entfacht. Im Zentrum der Debatte steht dabei neben den Sanktionsmechanismen auch die angemessene Höhe der Regelleistungen. In diesem Beitrag wird anhand einer Vignettenstudie – eine Methode, bei der den Befragten konkrete Fallbeschreibungen vorgelegt werden – untersucht, nach welchen Kriterien die Teilnehmerinnen einer Online-Studie die Hilfewürdigkeit von AEG-II-Empfängern beurteilen und welche Geldbeträge sie ihnen zusprechen. Es steigt sich, dass die von den Befragten vorgeschlagenen Einkommensmindestbedarfe mit der Anzahl an Personen (Erwachsene und Kinder) im beschriebenen Haushalt, der Ursache der Arbeitslosigkeit, der Reaktion auf die Arbeitslosigkeit, dem Alter und der Nationalität des Haushaltsvorstands sowie der Wohnregion variieren. Die ermittelten Bedarfe lagen mit Ausnahme eines Einpersonenhaushalts zum Teil deutlich unter den zum Befragungszeitpunkt geltenden ALG-II-Regelsätzen.
Student perceptions of computer anxiety: the relationship of computer attitude, computer experience, age, gender, and socioeconomic status

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of age, gender, and socioeconomic status as related to student perceptions of computer anxiety, computer confidence, computer usefulness, computer usage, and computer attitudes. This study also investigated the relationship between computer usage and computer attitudes, as well as the relationship between computer attitudes and computer anxiety. The last analysis focused on determining if computer usage had a direct effect on computer attitudes. The research was conducted at USDSU, a Midwestern university consortium for lifelong learning in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Data collection included survey responses from 381 students described primarily as nontraditional. Students were surveyed using a 40-question, 4-point Likert scale concerning their perceptions of computer anxiety, computer usefulness, computer liking, and computer confidence. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVAs, and MANOVA procedures were used to describe results. Study findings showed that computer anxiety still existed despite the amount of computer experience an individual had; while overall computer attitudes were better when an individual had more experience. Findings also showed that females had more computer anxiety, liked computers less, and were less confident in their computer skills than were males. It was also found that the more computer anxiety one had the lower overall computer attitude scores one had. Lastly, findings indicated that despite the proliferation of technology which has resulted in increase technology access and use during the last several years, those over 36 had better overall computer attitudes than did those under age 25. The researcher recommended introductory-level computer courses be made mandatory which will dissuade computer anxious students from avoiding computer classes and the computer. Additionally, the researcher recommended implementation of Chickering and Gamson's (1999) seven principles of practice in all courses. Administration of the Loyd and Gressard (1984a) Computer Attitude Survey could identify those students that are computer anxious so faculty could design and implement special measures to address the concerns of these students. Other recommendations included designing technology classes so they are manageable and account for individual learning curves and providing students a forum in which they can express concerns and fears.
Chapter X Energy-efficient peer-to-peer networking and overlays 1

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks and overlays have gained wide acceptance over the last years, attributed mainly to their inherent support for handling concerns such as scalability, dynamicity and heterogeneity that are commonly found in current networking infrastructures. In this respect, peer-to-peer overlay approaches serve as networking abstraction layers, thus scaling down the degree of complexity and leading to more manageable networks that respect high-level application criteria, e.g. minimal delay or optimal energy consumption. Nonetheless, this additional level of virtualization that peer-to-peer networks impose exacerbates energy consumption mainly due to the additional message exchanges and the computation required to operate the corresponding protocols. The aim of this chapter is to review existing peer-to-peer networks and overlay protocols and approaches in the context of their energy requirements. In addition to traditional approaches, we also aim to examine recent research work on peer-to-peer solutions that have energy efficiency as their main design goal. After presenting an overview of energy concerns and considerations we present a taxonomy of these peer-to-peer systems with the goal of establishing a base of reference, as well as highlighting the relation between the different peer-to-peer systems’ characteristics and features and their energy performance.
Neural Injury, Repair, and Adaptation in the GI Tract III. Role of the RET signal transduction pathway in development of the mammalian enteric nervous system

The enteric nervous system (ENS) in vertebrates is derived from the neural crest and constitutes the most complex part of the peripheral nervous system. Natural and induced mutagenesis in mammals has shown that the tyrosine kinase receptor RET and its functional ligand glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) play key roles in the development of the ENS in humans and mice. We have developed and briefly describe here a number of assays that analyze the specific function of the RET receptor and its ligand. Our data suggest that the RET signal transduction pathway has multiple roles in the development of the mammalian ENS.
HideOut: mobile projector interaction with tangible objects and surfaces

HideOut is a mobile projector-based system that enables new applications and interaction techniques with tangible objects and surfaces. HideOut uses a device mounted camera to detect hidden markers applied with infrared-absorbing ink. The obtrusive appearance of fiducial markers is avoided and the hidden marker surface doubles as a functional projection surface. We present example applications that demonstrate a wide range of interaction scenarios, including media navigation tools, interactive storytelling applications, and mobile games. We explore the design space enabled by the HideOut system and describe the hidden marker prototyping process. HideOut brings tangible objects to life for interaction with the physical world around us.
Semi Autonomous Vehicle To Prevent Accident

The design and development of semi-autonomous vehicle to prevent accident and to provide safety to the passenger as well as to the surrounding. Obstacle avoidance system where the human driver has full control of the vehicle until the system detects that the vehicle is headed for a collision or is too close to an obstacle for safety. When hazard is detected, the system will take control of the vehicle, alters the movement and then hand over the control back to driver. We monitor the distance between the obstacle and the vehicle to identify occurrence of abnormality, it also allows the driver to follow traffic rules like if the signal glows red the vehicle has to stop, the cameras placed in the vehicle senses the signal color and alters the vehicle mobility. The proposed system is implemented with the help of ultrasonic sensor, camera module and raspberry pi.
Voluntary Spatial Attention has Different Effects on Voluntary and Reflexive Saccades

Although numerous studies have investigated the relationship between saccadic eye movements and spatial attention, one fundamental issue remains controversial. Some studies have suggested that spatial attention facilitates saccades, whereas others have claimed that eye movements are actually inhibited when spatial attention is engaged. However, these discrepancies may be because previous research has neglected to separate and specify the effects of attention for two distinct types of saccades, namely reflexive (stimulus-directed) and voluntary (antisaccades). The present study explored the effects of voluntary spatial attention on both voluntary and reflexive saccades. Results indicate that voluntary spatial attention has different effects on the two types of saccades. Antisaccades were always greatly facilitated following the engagement of spatial attention by symbolic cues (arrows) informing the subject where the upcoming saccade should be directed. Reflexive saccades showed little or no cueing effects and exhibited significant facilitation only when these cues were randomly intermixed with uncued trials. In addition, the present study tested the effects of fixation condition (gap, step, and overlap) on attentional modulation. Cueing effects did not vary due to fixation condition. Thus, voluntary spatial attention consistently showed different effects on voluntary and reflexive saccades, and there was no evidence in these studies that voluntary cues inhibit reflexive saccades, even in a gap paradigm.
Acupuncture Effect and Central Autonomic Regulation

Acupuncture is a therapeutic technique and part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Acupuncture has clinical efficacy on various autonomic nerve-related disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, anxiety and nervousness, circadian rhythm disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and subfertility. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that acupuncture can control autonomic nerve system (ANS) functions including blood pressure, pupil size, skin conductance, skin temperature, muscle sympathetic nerve activities, heart rate and/or pulse rate, and heart rate variability. Emerging evidence indicates that acupuncture treatment not only activates distinct brain regions in different kinds of diseases caused by imbalance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic activities, but also modulates adaptive neurotransmitter in related brain regions to alleviate autonomic response. This review focused on the central mechanism of acupuncture in modulating various autonomic responses, which might provide neurobiological foundations for acupuncture effects.
Joint Optimization of Operational Cost and Performance Interference in Cloud Data Centers

Virtual machine (VM) scheduling is an important technique for the efficient operation of the computing resources in a data center. Previous work has mainly focused on consolidating VMs to improve resource utilization and to optimize energy consumption. However, the interference between collocated VMs is usually ignored, which can result in much worse performance degradation of the applications running on the VMs due to the contention of the shared resources. Based on this observation, we aim at designing efficient VM assignment and scheduling strategies in which we consider optimizing both the operational cost of the data center and the performance degradation of the running applications. We then propose a general model that captures the tradeoff between the two contradictory objectives. We present offline and online solutions for this problem by exploiting the spatial and temporal information of performance interference of VM collocation, where VM scheduling is performed by jointly considering the combinations and the life-cycle overlap of the VMs. Evaluation results show that the proposed methods can generate efficient schedules for VMs, achieving low operational cost while significantly reducing the performance degradation of applications in cloud data centers.