Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Lightweight and Multisource Information Fusion Method for Real-Time Monitoring of Lump Coal on Mining Conveyor Belts

Since the underground transportation of coal mainly relies on the mine conveyor belt to complete, the mine conveyor belt with large pieces of coal will affect transportation safety. Therefore, to address the problem of real-time monitoring of lump coal, the method Ghost-ECA-Bi FPN (GEB) YOLOv5 for lump coal in the process of mining conveyor belt transportation is proposed based on a lightweight neural network and multisource information fusion. First, the image preprocessing is performed by adaptive histogram equalization, which reduces the influence of coal dust, dust, and uneven lighting on target monitoring. Second, the redundancy of the convolution process is exploited, and a lightweight neural network GhostNet is introduced to optimize the feature extraction process. In addition, combined with the efficient channel attention mechanism, the 1D convolution enables local cross-channel information interaction, which can solve the problem of imbalance between model complexity and performance. Finally, the feature information of the three stages is fused using a weighted bidirectional feature pyramid network to enhance the generalization ability of the model. The experimental results show that the improved GEB YOLOv5 algorithm has obvious advantages. In terms of model structure, the number of network layers reduces by 36.97%, and the number of model structure parameters and floating-point operations reduce by 64.53% and 69.14%, respectively. Moreover, the model volume reduces from 92.7 M to 33.0 M. Regarding the monitoring performance, the precision and recall rates improve by 1.19% and 1.11%, respectively. Furthermore, the real-time performance improves from 68.34 FPS to 110.70 FPS. It can be seen that the problem of the model performance against the model complexity is effectively solved in this experiment and the real-time monitoring of lump coal is realized.
Influence of Armature Windings Pole Numbers on Performances of Linear Permanent-Magnet Vernier Machines

Linear permanent-magnet vernier (LPMV) machine has attracted more and more attention for several advantages including high power density and low cost. Both magnets and windings are located on the short mover, while the long stator is only consisting of iron, which is very suitable for long stroke applications. This paper investigates the influence of armature windings pole-pair numbers on the electromagnetic performances of LPMV machine by using an analytical method based on the finite element. The aim of this paper is to make a comprehensive comparative study of the machine with different armature windings pole-pair numbers while keeping slot number as a constant, select the topology of high performances and recommend suitable application areas. The performances of machines with the armature windings pole-pair numbers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{\mathrm {w}}= 1$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, 3, 6 are analyzed in detail. Finally, a new modular LPMV machine with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P_{\mathrm {w}} = 6$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which possess higher thrust force, lower thrust force ripple, and high fault-tolerant capability, is prototyped and experiments are conducted for validation.
Intelligent Monitoring System to Assess Plant Development State Based on Computer Vision in Viticulture

Plant health plays an important role in influencing agricultural yields and poor plant health can lead to significant economic losses. Grapes are an important and widely cultivated plant, especially in the southern regions of Russia. Grapes are subject to a number of diseases that require timely diagnosis and treatment. Incorrect identification of diseases can lead to large crop losses. A neural network deep learning dataset of 4845 grape disease images was created. Eight categories of common grape diseases typical of the Black Sea region were studied: Mildew, Oidium, Anthracnose, Esca, Gray rot, Black rot, White rot, and bacterial cancer of grapes. In addition, a set of healthy plants was included. In this paper, a new selective search algorithm for monitoring the state of plant development based on computer vision in viticulture, based on YOLOv5, was considered. The most difficult part of object detection is object localization. As a result, the fast and accurate detection of grape health status was realized. The test results showed that the accuracy was 97.5%, with a model size of 14.85 MB. An analysis of existing publications and patents found using the search “Computer vision in viticulture” showed that this technology is original and promising. The developed software package implements the best approaches to the control system in viticulture using computer vision technologies. A mobile application was developed for practical use by the farmer. The developed software and hardware complex can be installed in any vehicle. Such a mobile system will allow for real-time monitoring of the state of the vineyards and will display it on a map. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of software and hardware. Decision support system software can be adapted to solve other similar problems. The software product commercialization plan is focused on the automation and robotization of agriculture, and will form the basis for adding the next set of similar software.
Ultrasmall Submicrometer Sized Periodic Deposition on the Si3N4 Microring with Nanodispensing Technique

Optical microcavities are attractive with the generation of whispering gallery mode (WGM), while the high-Q cavity contains numerous degenerate WGMs with varying orbital angular momenta, which can result in instability of laser oscillation. The incorporation of gratings with higher-order Bragg diffraction patterns is often utilized in conjunction with microcavities to enhance coupling efficiency between incident light and WGMs, and to break degeneracy. Although such functional microcavities are commonly fabricated via top-down methods such as pho-tolithography as one-off pieces, utilizing bottom-up methods such as microdispensing is preferable when orienting towards photonic integrated circuits. However, the conventional dispensing method is quite difficult to make the functional microcavity because the grating period used in visible light or optical telecommunication wavelength bands becomes smaller than 1 $\mu\mathrm{m}$ that is almost the smallest size of microdispensed structure [1]. To meet this size constraint, nanodispensing technology is proposed in recent years, which utilizes the precision of force-controlled positioning in atomic force microscopy (AFM) in conjunction with the versatility of fluidics, thereby enabling the creation of functional and topographical features on a submicrometer scale [2]. In this work, we surmount the obstacle of the 1 $\mu\mathrm{m}$ size constraint by demonstrating the fabrication of second order diffraction grating patterns on $\text{Si}_{3}\mathrm{N}_{4}$ optical microring $(n=2.04$ at 1550 nm) via the utilization of nanodispensing technique.
Switched Tank Converter: Quasi-Resonant Regulation for Soft Start and Mismatch Mitigation Technique

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the power consumption of data centers. As a result, server rack architecture has shifted from using 12 V to higher voltage levels of 48–60 V. The conventional power delivery system in use involves two stages of dc–dc conversion, utilizing an unregulated first-stage converter followed by a regulated converter. Among the first-stage converter topologies, the 4-to-1 switched tank converter (STC) is highly employed due to its high efficiency and power density. However, the STC has the drawback of generating a large inrush current during the startup phase. To address this issue, typically an auxiliary element such as a buck converter, a hot-swap controller, or an eFuse is employed. Additionally, achieving the zero-current switching condition in both resonant tanks is challenging when a mismatch in the resonant frequencies is considered. This article proposes a novel control technique to mitigate the large inrush that does not involve the use of any additional element, boosting the power density. It also presents a strategy to minimize the mismatch in the resonant frequencies in an STC. The experimental results obtained from a 600-W prototype validate the effectiveness of these approaches.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Voting over Public Goods

This paper analyzes the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the total provision of public goods in a framework in which consumers who may make such voluntary contributions to public goods via CSR are also voters who decide on the level of taxes to ﬁnance publicly provided public goods. The main result indicates that, relative to an economy in which all public goods are publicly ﬁnanced, the introduction of CSR lowers the total amount of public goods, as voters rationally anticipate that higher CSR will partially oﬀset the consequences of lower public funding. The results oﬀer a cautionary tale about the promotion of CSR in an economy with heterogeneous preferences for the public good
First record of the Asian Antithamnion sparsum Tokida, 1932 (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) in Nova Scotia, Canada

We report the first record of a non-native species of Antithamnion detected on the eastern shore of Nova Scotia, Canada and assign these collections to the Asian Antithamnion sparsum based on available morphological and molecular data. Two collections of this non-native species were made at three sites in the subtidal (10 m) in August 2021, and it was observed as a dominant subtidal (10 m) turf at an additional four sites from April to August 2022. We describe here morphological traits that match the original type description of A. sparsum and generated rbc L 3P data (851 bp) for two 2021 collections which closely match a record in Genbank from South Korea that is likely A. sparsum (99.9% identity). These collections represent the first occurrence of A. sparsum in the Northwest Atlantic.
Global Perspectives in the Geography Curriculum: Reviewing the Moral Case for Geography

Introduction 1. The Evolution of a Discipline and its Instrumental Applications 2. Geography's Ethical Turn 3. From Counter-Cultural Movement to Global Values in the US Geography Curriculum 4. Global Citizenship and the Geography Curriculum in England and Wales 5. The Geography of Culture or Respecting Cultural Diversity? 6. Approaches to Teaching Global Issues 7. Global Issues in the Geography Curriculum 8. Global Advocacy and the Cosmopolitan Citizen in the Curriculum (with contributing material from Vanessa Pupavac) Conclusion
Efficient and High-performance Cigarette Appearance Detection Based on YOLOv5

This paper proposes an improved model for two-stage image defect detection in cigarette appearance that enhances both performance and accuracy. The model is based on YOLOv5s and incorporates an attention mechanism. To evaluate the model's effectiveness, we utilized a real appearance defects dataset of cigarettes. Results from the experiments demonstrate that the model can achieve a mean average precision (mAP) of 0.916 and frames per second (FPS) of 82 after 200 epoch. Additionally, in a production environment, the model demonstrated inference performance of 6.5ms (FPS 154). The high detection speed and effectiveness of the model make it suitable for on-site, real-time inspection of cigarette appearance defects detection.
Strain-driven thermodynamic stability and electronic transitions in ZnX (X = O, S, Se, and Te) monolayers

Semiconducting Zn chalcogenide monolayers are important members of the 2D family of materials due to their unique electronic properties. In this paper, we focus on strain-modulated electronic properties of monolayers of ZnX, with X being O, S, Se, and Te. ZnO and ZnS monolayers have a hexagonal graphene-like planar structure, while ZnSe and ZnTe monolayers exhibit slightly buckled silicene and germanene-like structures, respectively. Density functional theory calculations find the hexagonal ZnO monolayer to be dynamically stable. However, ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe monolayers are predicted to be less stable with small imaginary frequencies. The application of tensile strain to these monolayers, interestingly, yields stability of dynamically less stable structures together with the modification in the nature of the bandgap from direct to indirect. For a tensile strain of about 8%, a closure of the bandgap in ZnTe is predicted with the semiconductor-metal transition. The results, therefore, find strain-induced stability and modification in electronic properties of monolayers of Zn chalcogenides, suggesting the use of these monolayers for novel device applications.Semiconducting Zn chalcogenide monolayers are important members of the 2D family of materials due to their unique electronic properties. In this paper, we focus on strain-modulated electronic properties of monolayers of ZnX, with X being O, S, Se, and Te. ZnO and ZnS monolayers have a hexagonal graphene-like planar structure, while ZnSe and ZnTe monolayers exhibit slightly buckled silicene and germanene-like structures, respectively. Density functional theory calculations find the hexagonal ZnO monolayer to be dynamically stable. However, ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe monolayers are predicted to be less stable with small imaginary frequencies. The application of tensile strain to these monolayers, interestingly, yields stability of dynamically less stable structures together with the modification in the nature of the bandgap from direct to indirect. For a tensile strain of about 8%, a closure of the bandgap in ZnTe is predicted with the semiconductor-metal transition. The results, therefore, find strain-induced sta.
Toll-like Receptor Agonists Are Unlikely to Provide Benefits in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Simple Summary Recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer has limited treatment options and survival time is measured in months. Toll-like receptor agonists have been shown to improve tumor immune responses in preclinical studies and several clinical trials have now been performed. We performed a meta-analysis of existing clinical trials for recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer and found there was no treatment benefit of these agents. While they do not appear to cause more adverse events, additional clinical trials may need to focus on new agents or drug combinations. Abstract Background: Recurrent and metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has poor survival rates. Immunotherapy is the standard of care for R/M HNSCC, but objective responses occur in a minority of patients. Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists promote antitumor immune responses and have been explored in clinical trials. Methods: A search for clinical trials using TLR agonists in HNSCC was performed under PRISMA guidelines. Data on patient characteristics, safety, and efficacy were collected and analyzed. Results: Three phase 1b trials with 40 patients and three phase 2 trials with 352 patients studying TLR8 and TLR9 agonists in combination with other treatment regimens for HNSCC were included. In phase 2 trials, there was no significant change in the objective response rate (RR = 1.13, CI 0.80–1.60) or association with increased grade 3+ adverse events (RR = 0.91, CI 0.76–1.11) associated with TLR agonist use. Conclusion: TLR agonists do not appear to provide additional clinical benefits or increase adverse events in the treatment of HNSCC. Given these results across multiple clinical trials and drug regimens, it is unlikely that additional trials of TLR agonists will demonstrate clinical benefits in HNSCC.
Studies of oceanic tectonics based on GEOS-3 satellite altimetry

Using statistical analysis, geoidal admittance (the relationship between the ocean geoid and seafloor topography) obtained from GEOS-3 altimetry was compared to various model admittances. Analysis of several altimetry tracks in the Pacific Ocean demonstrated a low coherence between altimetry and seafloor topography except where the track crosses active or recent tectonic features. However, global statistical studies using the much larger data base of all available gravimetry showed a positive correlation of oceanic gravity with topography. The oceanic lithosphere was modeled by simultaneously inverting surface wave dispersion, topography, and gravity data. Efforts to incorporate geoid data into the inversion showed that the base of the subchannel can be better resolved with geoid rather than gravity data. Thermomechanical models of seafloor spreading taking into account differing plate velocities, heat source distributions, and rock rheologies were discussed.
A Combination of FPU-Net and Feature Clustering Methods for Accurate Segmentation of Femoral Neck in Radiographic Diagnosis

In this study, we develop an innovative method that assists computer-aided diagnosis in the determination process of the exact location of the femoral neck junction in plain radiographs. Our algorithm consists of two phases, i.e., coarse prediction and fine matching, which are implemented by supervised deep learning method and unsupervised clustering, respectively. In coarse prediction, standard masks are first produced by a specialist and trained in our proposed feature propagation network (FPU-Net) with supervised learning on the femoral neck dataset. In fine matching, the standard masks are first classified into different categories using our proposed three parameters with unsupervised learning. The predicted mask from FPU-Net is matched with each category of standard masks by calculating the values of intersection of union (IOU), and finally the predicted mask is substituted by the standard mask with the largest IOU value. A total of 4320 femoral neck parts in anterior–posterior (AP) pelvis radiographs collected from China Medical University Hospital database were used to test our method. Simulation results show that, on the one hand, compared with other segmentation methods, the method proposed in this paper has a larger IOU value and better suppression of noise outside the region of interest; on the other hand, the introduction of unsupervised learning for fine matching can help in the accurate localization segmentation of femoral neck images. Accurate femoral neck segmentation can assist surgeons to diagnose and reduce the misdiagnosis rate and burden.
Inflammatory Burden Index: Association Between Novel Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers and Prognosis as Well as in-Hospital Complications of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Purpose Systemic inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology and progression of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between a new biomarker, the inflammatory burden index (IBI) and the prognosis as well as in-hospital complications of aSAH patients. Patients and Methods We analyzed data from patients with aSAH between January 2019 and September 2022 who were included in the LongTEAM (Long-term Prognosis of Emergency Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage) registry study. The IBI was formulated as C-reactive protein × neutrophils/lymphocytes. The unfavorable functional prognosis was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to determine the optimal cut-off values for IBI to distinguish the unfavorable functional prognosis. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to investigate the association between IBI and in-hospital complications. Propensity score matching was adjusted for imbalances in baseline characteristics to assess the effect of IBI on prognosis. Results A total of 408 consecutive patients with aSAH enrolled in the study, of which 235 (57.6%) were female patients and the mean age was 55.28 years old. An IBI equal to 138.03 was identified as the best cut-off threshold to distinguish the unfavorable prognosis at 3 months (area under the curve [AUC] [95% CI] 0.637 [0.568–0.706]). ln IBI was independently associated with 3-month functional prognosis (OR [95% CI] 1.362 [1.148–1.615]; P<0.001), pneumonia (OR [95% CI] 1.427 [1.227–1.659]; P<0.001) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). (OR [95% CI] 1.326 [1.124–1.564]; P=0.001). After propensity score matching (57:57), an increased proportion of patients with IBI ≥138.03 had a poor functional prognosis at 3 months and in-hospital complications including developed pneumonia and DVT. Conclusion In patients with aSAH, high IBI level at admission was associated with unfavorable functional prognosis as well as pneumonia and deep vein thrombosis.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome : Host factors in Down syndrome and the general population

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Composites of Intrinsically Conducting Polymers with Carbonaceous Materials for Supercapacitors – An Update

Supercapacitors are an important component in the electric energy landscape with rapidly growing impor­tance. Their energy density still does not meet growing expectations. For improvements optimization of al­ready established materials as well as new materials in electrodes and in electrolyte (solutions) are required. To compensate or correct drawbacks and flaws of a given material – whether new or already established – combina­tion with a second one, i.e. formation of a composite, is a helpful and popular option. Carbon in its many forms is an established supercapacitor electrode material with only limited charge storage capability; intrinsi­cally conducting polymers show promising storage capabilities but limited stability and electronic conductiv­ity. Adding carbons to these polymers has been a popular recipe rather early, but a systematic survey of these combinations with attention to the type of carbon, of polymer, of their relative fractions and the elec­trode architecture has indicated major room for improvements. This update presents representative examples, fol­lows lines of reasoning and searches for conclusions from already available results. It ends with suggestions for further research and development.