Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of lactacystin-induced parkinsonian rat model.

The dysfunction of ubiquitin-proteasome system is an important pathogenesis in the neurodegenerative process of Parkinson's disease. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive and potential method in treating Parkinson's disease. To investigate whether rTMS has neuroprotective effects in parkinsonian rat model induced by ubiquitin-proteasome system impairment, we gave rTMS daily for 4 weeks to proteasome inhibitor, lactacystin-induced parkinsonian rat model. Rotational behavior test demonstrated that rTMS obviously reduced apomorphine-induced turning number in parkinsonian rats. rTMS could significantly alleviate the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive dopaminergic neurons in lactacystin-lesioned substantia nigra and prevent the loss of striatal dopamine levels. Furthermore, rTMS also reduced the levels of apoptotic protein (cleaved caspase-3) and inflammatory factors (cyclooxygenase-2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha) in lesioned substantia nigra. These results suggest that rTMS can protect nigral dopaminergic neurons against the ubiquitin- proteasome system impairment-induced degeneration by anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism.
Tradable property rights to water

Tradable property rights to water create a built-in incentive for people to conserve water and use it introductively. Moreover, a rights-based system is fairer than a publicly administered scheme, and it allows the government to hand over the role of building, operating, and maintaining infrastructure to the private sector so that it can concentrate on regulatory and public good function
Projections of Demand for and Costs of Social Care for Older People in England, 2010 to 2030, under Current and Alternative Funding Systems.

This paper presents projections of demand for social care and disability benefits for older people (aged 65 and over) in England to 2030 and associated future expenditure. They cover publicly and privately funded social care – assessments, community-based services and residential care. They also cover long-term health care and disability benefits relevant for care – attendance allowance (AA) and disability living allowance (DLA) care component.
New Findings in Live, Attenuated Hepatitis A Vaccine Development

Strain CR326F of hepatitis A virus, derived from a fecal specimen of Costa Rican patient 033–03, was passed 15 times in fetal rhesus monkey kidney (FRhK6) cell cultures plus eight times in human diploid lung (MRCS) cell cultures to yield variant F and 16 times in MRCS cell cultures to yield variant F'. Both variants were purified by limit dilution passages. Virulence for marmosets was assessed at six different passage levels, including variants F and F'. There was a gradual loss of virulence with in vitro passage. Variant F retained slight virulence for marmosets; variant F' showed no evidence of virulence. Both variants induced hepatitis A antibody in most marmosets that received them, and the animals were immune to infection when challenged. Variants F and F' were also assessed in chimpanzees. As in marmosets, F retained slight virulence but F' did not. Experimental vaccines made from variants F and F' were then inoculated parenterally into adult human volunteers. A portion of recipients of variant F showed brief, low‐order enzyme elevations; none was seen in recipients of F', although their occurrence could not be totally ruled out. As in the animal models, F' appeared more attenuated than F. Most persons developed hepatitis A antibody, indicating the feasibility of developing a live, attenuated hepatitis A vaccine for human beings.
P53 expression in breast cancer

Immunohistochemical evaluation of 200 primary breast cancers with the anti‐p53 mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) PAb421 showed positivity in nuclei of malignant cells in 31 cases (15.5%). PAb421+ cases were significantly more frequently epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF‐R)‐positive (67.7%; p < 0.001) and estrogen receptor (ER)‐negative (73.3%; p < 0.001); they displayed surface histocompatibility class‐1 (80.6%; p < 0.01) and II (74.2%; p < 0.05) antigens. Low values for progesterone receptor (mean 67.20 ± 25.2 fmol/mg; p < 0.05) and a high number of cells positive for the proliferationassociated antigen Ki‐67 (log mean 6.88 ± 0.33; p < 0.01) were found in PAb421+ tumors as well as a high number of grade‐3 infiltrating duct carcinomas (70%; p = 0.01). Of the 200 cases of mammary carcinoma, 88 were further analyzed using another human specific anti‐p53 MAb PAb1801, and 40 (45.5%) were found positive. This MAb stained all the PAb421+ cases and was significantly associated with negative ER status (39.5%; p < 0.05) and high Ki‐67 scores (log mean 6.93 ± 0.24; p = 0.001). Analysis of PAb1801+/Pab421− cases for HLA antigens, EGF‐R and ER showed a phenotype similar to that of the p53−ve/ER+ carcinomas, except for the high Ki‐67 score. No differences in age of the patient, number of involved nodes, tumor size, ploidy or labelling index scores were evident between p53+ and − carcinomas. We concluded that p53 in mammary carcinomas is associated with ER‐negative, growth factor receptor‐positive, high‐grade tumors, and is a promising new parameter to evaluate the cellular biology and prognosis of breast cancer.
In silico study: the antiglycation potency of aloin on the protein surface of human serum albumin

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is an end product of glycemic protein/fat/nucleic acid reactions with excessive glucose. One protein that is susceptible to glycemic reactions is the human serum albumin (HSA). Aloin is a proven natural substance in vitro can be used as an antiglycation, but not yet known as antiglycation target for HSA protein. Therefore, this study objective is to produce in silico prediction for antiglycation potency of aloin based on the pattern and binding affinity of aloin-protein HSA interactions. This study was performed by molecular docking methods using autodock vina program which integrated in PyRx 0.8 software. The ligands used are aloin, and glucose. The results of this study indicate that sub-domains 1B and 2A of HSA protein are the main target of antiglycation of aloin, with aloin’s antiglycation ability increased in further glycation.
Programming Language Adoption as an Epidemiological Phenomenon

In Software Engineering, technology transfer has been faced as a peer to peer problem, concerning only the adoption and innovation agents. This approach works well when one is just seeking the adoption of a technology by a specific client, but it can not solve a common problem that is the adoption of new technologies by a large mass of potential new users. In wider context, it no longer makes sense to focus on peer to peer transfer. A new way of looking at the problem is necessary. The diffusion of innovations is more natural when it is treated as a spread of information in a community, similar to that observed in epidemics. This work proposes a paradigm shift to show that the adoption of programming languages can be formally treated as an epidemic. This shift of focus allows the dynamics of adoption of programming languages to be mathematically modeled as such, defining models that explain the communities' behavior when adopting programming languages, and allows some forecast to be made.
Psychometric properties of the Self-Report Wender-Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale.

BACKGROUND The Self-Report Wender-Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale (SR-WRAADDS) assesses the same 7 attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) domains as the interviewer-administered WRAADDS. METHODS A normative sample was recruited, and additional participants came from trials involving ADHD, anxiety, or depression. Using the investigator-administered WRAADDS, participants in the ADHD sample were classified as ADHD inattentive presentation or ADHD emotional dysregulation presentation. RESULTS In the ADHD sample, the SR-WRAADDS correlated with the investigator-rated version WRAADDS (P < .001). In comparing adults with ADHD with normal controls, all SR-WRAADDS domains demonstrated discriminate validity (P < .001); a cut point was identified yielding sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 89%. In comparison, in screening for ADHD in depression or anxiety disorders, sensitivity was 87% and specificity, 49%. Internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach α = 0.78; split-half reliability r = 0.92). Factor analysis yielded a 2-factor solution: one reflected emotional dysregulation; the other, inattention and disorganization. Detecting ADHD emotional dysregulation presentation within the ADHD sample, as the "disorder-of-interest," SR-WRAADDS and the investigator-rated WRAADDS agreement was 72% (sensitivity, 87%; specificity, 49%). The SR-WRAADDS detected a methylphenidate vs placebo treatment effect (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The psychometric properties of the SR-WRAADDS support its use in research and clinical practice. Emotional domains are integral to its assessment of adult ADHD.
Transgenic mice that overexpress the human trefoil peptide pS2 have an increased resistance to intestinal damage.

pS2 is a member of the trefoil peptide family, all of which are overexpressed at sites of gastrointestinal injury. We hypothesized that they are important in stimulating mucosal repair. To test this idea, we have produced a transgenic mice strain that expresses human pS2 (hpS2) specifically within the jejunum and examined the effect of this overexpression on proliferation and susceptibility to indomethacin-induced damage. A transgenic mouse was produced by microinjecting fertilized oocytes with a 1.7-kb construct consisting of rat intestinal fatty acid binding protein promoter (positions -1178 to +28) linked to full-length (490 bp) hpS2 cDNA. Screening for positive animals was by Southern blot analysis. Distribution of hpS2 expression was determined by using Northern and Western blot analyses and immunohistochemical staining. Proliferation of the intestinal mucosa was determined by assessing the crypt cell production rate. Differences in susceptibility to intestinal damage were analyzed in animals that had received indomethacin (85 mg/kg s.c.) 0-30 h previously. Expression of hpS2 was limited to the enterocytes of the villi within the jejunum. In the nondamaged intestine, villus height and crypt cell production rate were similar in transgenic and negative (control) litter mates. However, there was a marked difference in the amount of damage caused by indomethacin in control and transgenic animals in the jejunum (30% reduction in villus height in controls vs. 12% reduction in transgenic animals, P < 0.01) but the damage sustained in the non-hpS2-expressing ileal region was similar in control and transgenic animals. These studies support the hypothesis that trefoil peptides are important in stimulating gastrointestinal repair.
Resistance to pyrethrins.

facturing plants appear to be in the United States of America, where synthetic substances are favoured by government policy in relation to self-sufficiency (in case of war, etc.). Some prices quoted recently were: allethrin, commercial grade (about 90 %), $36 per pound; pyrethrins (20% concentrate, deodorized), $10.60 per pound (i.e., $53 per pound active principle). Allethrin is therefore cheaper, but not in proportion to the greater concentrations needed to compete with synergized pyrethrins for flies or with unsynergized pyrethrins for other insects. Only the discovery of a much more effective allethrin synergist or a reduction in price would make the synthetic insecticide seriously challenge the natural one, in normal circumstances (GoodwinBailey q). The complexity of the manufacturing process would seem to make a substantial price reduction unlikely.
Ambition and jealousy: income interactions in the old Europe versus the new Europe and the United States

Using individual-level data from a large number of countries, this paper examines how self-reported subjective well-being depends on own income and reference income, where reference income is defined as the income of my professional peers. It uncovers a divide between “old” -low mobilityEuropean countries versus “new” European post-Transition countries and the United States. Whereas in the old Europe, the income of my reference group exerts a negative effect on my individual welfare, it has a positive impact in the new Europe and the United States. This finding is interpreted as reflecting the relative importance of comparisons (“jealousy”) versus information (“ambition”), which in turn depends on the degree of mobility and uncertainty in the economy.
Posted work and deterritorialization in the European Union : a study of the German construction and meat industry

Mobiliteit en burgerschaprechten binnen de Europese Unie beinvloeden de levens van miljoenen mensen in de EU op een positieve manier. In Posted Work and Deterritorialization in the European Union betoogt Ines Wagner echter dat de dynamiek van intra-Europese arbeidsmigratie ook een hypermobiele onderklasse van arbeiders in precaire, slecht betaald werk creeert. Dit komt voornamelijk doordat tewerkstellingsstructuren transnationaliseren, terwijl beleidsinstrumenten en kiesdistricten territoriaal geregeld blijven. Wagner’s conclusies zijn gebaseerd op kwalitatief onderzoek naar detachering in de Duitse politieke economie. Gedetacheerde werknemers zijn arbeidsmigranten die door hun werkgever tijdelijk in een andere EU-lidstaat te werk worden gesteld. In een toenemend aantal bedrijfstakken, waaronder de bouwsector, vleesverwerking, distributie en scheepsbouw, leven gedetacheerde werknemers in precaire omstandigheden. Wagner ontdekte op basis van interviews met gedetacheerde werknemers uit voornamelijk Oost-Europese landen, met vakbondsafgevaardigden, managers en beleidsmakers, dat EU burgerschapsrechten en regels met betrekking tot arbeidsmigratie grotendeels worden omzeild. Mobiele EU-burgers bevinden zich in een institutioneel vacuum door zwakke of afwezige vakbondsvertegenwoordiging en collectieve belangenbehartiging. Wagner’s diepgaande analyse wijst op ineffectieve arbeidsmarktregulering in de pan-Europese arbeidsmarkt relevant voor zowel vakmensen als beleidsmakers. De bevindingen tonen het belang van het op elkaar afstemmen van economische en sociale arbeidsmarktintegratie om de rechten van EU arbeidsmigranten te beschermen.
Financial intermediaries, capital markets, and economic growth: empirical evidence from six countries

AbstractThis paper investigates the dynamic causal relationship between financial systems and economic growth in three developing countries ? South Africa, Brazil and Kenya ? and three developed countries ? the United States of America, the United Kingdom and Australia ? during the period from 1980 to 2012. The study includes both bank-based and market-based financial systems. The study includes savings as an intermittent variable ? thereby creating a trivariate Granger-causality model. The method of means-removed average is employed to construct bank- and market-based financial development indices. Using the ARDL bounds testing approach, the empirical results of this study reveal that the causality between financial systems and economic growth is indistinct; and it varies widely across countries and over time. Overall, the study finds that there is a long-run causal flow from bank-based financial development to economic growth in the UK and Australia; a distinct feedback loop in the case of Brazil; and a neutrality relationship in the case of Kenya, South Africa and the USA. For market-based financial development, the study finds evidence of bidirectional causality in the case of Kenya; a demand-following hypothesis in South Africa and Brazil; and a neutrality relationship in the case of Australia and the UK. The study, therefore, repudiates the traditional argument, which contends that the finance-growth nexus follows a supply-leading phenomenon
Nitric oxide dysfunction in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.

Researchers disagree as to the importance of nitric oxide (NO) in preeclampsia. Many researchers have alluded to NO's possible primary or secondary role in the development of preeclampsia, but few have correlated the dysfunction of nitric oxide production with the other metabolic derangements seen in this condition. This paper will review the evidence that the primary dysfunction in preeclampsia is a relative deficiency of available NO (secondary to oxidative degradation) and an excess of peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). The combination of a deficiency of NO and an increase in ONOO(-) can directly or indirectly initiate the vast majority of physiological and serological changes associated with preeclampsia, such as blood pressure, increased glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria, platelet dysfunction, increased thromboxane and endothelin, and a decrease in prostacyclin. Understanding the complex role of nitric oxide in this condition may explain why previous interventions have been unsuccessful and suggest possible strategies for prevention and treatment in the future.
Neural networks for data fusion

The application of artificial neural network technology to data fusion for target recognition is discussed. The specific application includes airborne target recognition primarily using information available from radar and EO-IR thermal imaging sensors. The artificial neural network based fusion architectures from alternative approaches are discussed, such as alternative learning algorithms, a training set, and massively parallel distributed processing for making real-time automatic target recognition decisions. The experimental results indicate that target recognition performance can be greatly enhanced by using an array of complementary sensors whose outputs are fused to extract information not otherwise available from a single sensor
The cost-effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation for complex regional pain syndrome.

OBJECTIVES Health-care policymakers and payers require cost-effectiveness evidence to inform their treatment funding decisions. The aims of this study were to assess the cost-effectiveness of the addition of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) compared with conventional management alone (CMM) in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), and to determine the cost-effectiveness of nonrechargeable versus rechargeable SCS implanted pulse generators (IPGs). METHODS A decision analytic model was used to synthesize data on CRPS patient outcomes and health-care costs over a 15-year time horizon from the perspective of the UK National Health Services. Data were sourced from two SCS randomized controlled trials. Results are expressed as an incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) in 2008 GBP. RESULTS The incremental cost-effectiveness of SCS compared with CMM was £3562 per QALY, a finding that was robust across sensitivity analyses with an 87% probability that SCS is cost-effective at a willingness to pay threshold of £30,000. When the longevity of an IPG is 4 years or less, a rechargeable (and initially more expensive) IPG is more cost-effective than a nonrechargeable IPG. CONCLUSIONS In selected patients with CRPS, SCS is cost-effective as an adjunct to CMM. Despite their initial increased expense, rechargeable IPGs should be considered when IPG longevity is likely to be short. These findings support policymakers to extend the use of SCS as a good value for money treatment for CRPS.
Relationship between System Parameters and Operator’s Haptic Sensation in Bilateral Controlled Master–Slave System

ABSTRACT When adjusting the parameters of a bilateral controlled master–slave system according to the task requirements, the operator’s haptic sensation requirements for the contact between the slave device and the environment should also be considered. However, a quantitative relationship between the parameters and the haptic sensation has not been clarified. First, this paper introduces an index quantifying the operator’s haptic sensation by its value. Second, for the simple and complex position-force bilateral control models, the relationships between the haptic sensation index and the parameters are derived and expressed as functions calculating the index value directly from the parameter values. Third, the experimental results reveal that the parameter design according to the derived function is valid. The results of this study are expected to be useful as a guideline for adjusting the parameters of a bilateral controlled master–slave system with consideration to the haptic sensation.
Multimedia: Different Processes

The topic includes four main themes: (1) The Collaborative Work in Cloud Storage Services: The collaborative work is seen as a force for the individual and community. It, in the field of education, expresses the interaction among students of individual differences who work within collaborative aims and skills to achieve a specific aim. In addition, cloud storage predicts a tremendous change in the way information is stored and applications are run. That is, instead of storing information and running programs on PCs, everything will be hosted in a cloud that can be accessed anywhere and processed by addition or deletion collaboratively. (2) Computer-supported collaborative learning environment (CSCL): Collaborative learning is an umbrella term for a variety of educational approaches involving joint intellectual effort by students, or students and teachers together. It is based on the idea that learning is naturally a social act in which the participants talk among themselves. A group of students engaged in collaborative learning works together to achieve shared goals. (3) Mobile learning: Mobile learning is a term that has been used widely in different places all over the world. it has been encouraged to be used in higher education institutions because of a set of factors such as the availability of mobile phones, their ability to motivate students, and the freedom and privacy they provide to share information. Mobile learning is defined as E-learning that uses mobile devices or learning connected to a mobile device, Laouris & Eteokleous. (4) Open-Source Learning Management Systems: The integration of many Educational technologies in education have been widely promoted for their potential to enrich, enhance and extend student-learning experiences. Hence, pioneer educational establishments all over the world try to benefit of these technologies as much as possible to convey knowledge resources to both of the learner and teacher in least time, effort and cost. One of these educational technology tools which has been prominent in the field of education and technology integration is Learning Management Systems known as LMS.