Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cananga odorata Aromatherapy Reduces Anxiety in Unexperienced Patients Hospitalized for Interventional Neuroradiology Procedures: A Randomized Control Trial

The hospitalization and the unfamiliar experiences of patients in interventional radiology procedures cause a moderate to high levels of anxiety. This study was aimed to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of Cananga odorata essential oil (COE) aromatherapy in unexperienced patients hospitalized for interventional neuroradiology (INR) procedures. Forty-four patients admitted for their first INR procedure were randomly divided into COE and placebo control groups. COE or distilled water was dropped onto 2 pieces of mulberry paper and attached to the participant's gown at the shoulder level overnight. The main outcomes were observed from the morning salivary cortisol levels and salivary alpha-amylase activity after intervention. The Thai version of Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the vital signs (blood pressure and heart rate) were also assessed before and after COE intervention as the secondary outcome. The demographic and baseline data of both groups did not show any significant difference. After intervention, COE group had a significantly lower salivary alpha-amylase activity than placebo control group. The post-intervention scores of Trait (STAI-T) and State (STAI-S) anxiety were significantly less than those of baseline in both groups. Interestingly, the COE group had a greater percentage reduction on STAI-T after intervention than placebo control group. No significant difference was observed in other outcomes. In addition, the salivary alpha-amylase activity was weak but showed significant correlation with STAI anxiety scores. This study indicates that COE aromatherapy reduces the saliva alpha amylase activity and STAI-T anxiety in unexperienced patients hospitalized for INR procedures.
Comprehensive ctDNA Measurements Improve Prediction of Clinical Outcomes and Enable Dynamic Tracking of Disease Progression in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract Purpose: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a promising tumor-specific biomarker in pancreatic cancer, but current evidence of the clinical potential of ctDNA is limited. In this study, we used comprehensive detection methodology to explore the utility of longitudinal ctDNA measurements in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Experimental Design: A targeted eight-gene next-generation sequencing panel was used to detect point mutations and copy-number aberrations (CNA) in ctDNA from 324 pre-treatment and longitudinal plasma samples obtained from 56 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. The benefit of ctDNA measurements to predict clinical outcome and track disease progression was assessed. Results: We detected ctDNA in 35/56 (63%) patients at baseline and found that it was an independent predictor of shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). After initiation of treatment, ctDNA levels decreased significantly before significantly increasing by the time of progression. In some patients, ctDNA persistence was observed after the first chemotherapy cycles, and it was associated with rapid disease progression and shorter OS. Longitudinal monitoring of ctDNA levels in 27 patients for whom multiple samples were available detected progression in 19 (70%) patients. The median lead time of ctDNA measurements on radiologically determined progression/time of death was 19 days (P = 0.002), compared with 6 days (P = 0.007) using carbohydrate antigen 19–9. Conclusions: ctDNA is an independent prognostic marker that can be used to detect treatment failure and disease progression in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
Characterization of microcrystalline I-layer for solar cells prepared in low temperature - plastic compatible process

Microcrystalline silicon (mc-Si) lms deposited using a Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (PECVD) process constitute an important material for manufacturing low-cost, large-area thin-lm devices, such as solar cells or thin-lm transistors. Although the deposition of electronic-grade mc-Si using the PECVD process is now well established, the high substrate temperature required (~400°C) does not lend itself to electronic devices with exible form factors fabricated on low-cost plastic substrates. In this study, we rst investigated an intrinsic mc-Si layer deposited at plastic-compatible substrate temperatures (~150°C) by characterising the properties of the lm and then evaluated its applicability to p-i-n solar cells though device characterisation. When the performance of the solar cell was correlated with lm properties, it was found that, although it compared unfavourably with mc-Si deposited at higher temperatures, it remained a very promising option. Nonetheless, further development is required to increase the overall eciency of mc-Si exible solar cells.
Improved Understanding of the Inflammatory Response in Synovial Fluid and Serum after Traumatic Knee Injury, Excluding Fractures of the Knee: A Systematic Review

Background Traumatic knee injury results in a 4- to 10-fold increased risk of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Currently, there are no successful interventions for preventing PTOA after knee injury. The aim of this study is to identify inflammatory proteins that are increased in serum and synovial fluid after acute knee injury, excluding intra-articular fractures. Methods A literature search was done according to the PRISMA guidelines. Articles reporting about inflammatory proteins after knee injury, except fractures, up to December 8, 2021 were collected. Inclusion criteria were as follows: patients younger than 45 years, no radiographic signs of knee osteoarthritis at baseline, and inflammatory protein measurement within 1 year after trauma. Risk of bias was assessed of the included studies. The level of evidence was determined by the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy. Results Ten studies were included. All included studies used a healthy control group or the contralateral knee as healthy control. Strong evidence for interleukin 6 (IL-6) and limited evidence for CCL4 show elevated concentrations of these proteins in synovial fluid (SF) after acute knee injury; no upregulation in SF for IL-2, IL-10, CCL3, CCL5, CCL11, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was found. Limited evidence was found for no difference in serum concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, CCL2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) after knee injury. Conclusion Interleukin 6 and CCL4 are elevated in SF after acute knee injury. Included studies failed to demonstrate increased concentration of inflammatory proteins in SF samples taken 6 weeks after trauma. Future research should focus on SF inflammatory protein measurements taken less than 6 weeks after injury.
FTIR spectra and conformations of 2′-deoxyuridine in Kr matrices

The Fourier transform infrared spectra in the range 4000–200cm−1 of pyrimidine nucleoside 2′-deoxyuridine (dU) are obtained in low-temperature inert Kr matrices. For the first time, instead of a usual flat mirror, a low-temperature, one-coordinate retroreflector is used as the matrix substrate. Owing to this, the matrix setup is insensitive to dip angle vibrations of the cryostat and is favorable to work with thinner matrix layers. Of two syn-conformers with dU_s1 and dU_s2 (stabilized by the intramolecular hydrogen bond O5′H…O2), only the dT_s2 conformer with C2′-endo structure of the ribose ring is uniquely quenched. The height of the interconversion barrier of the minor syn-conformer dU_s1 was estimated to be below 0.7kcal∕mole. It is shown that the energy relaxation of impurities in Kr is slower than in Ar matrices.
Basic Diagnosis and Prediction of Persistent Contrail Occurrence Using High-Resolution Numerical Weather Analyses/Forecasts and Logistic Regression. Part II: Evaluation of Sample Models

Abstract A probabilistic forecast to accurately predict contrail formation over the conterminous United States (CONUS) is created by using meteorological data based on hourly meteorological analyses from the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) and the Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) combined with surface and satellite observations of contrails. Two groups of logistic models were created. The first group of models (SURFACE models) is based on surface-based contrail observations supplemented with satellite observations of contrail occurrence. The most common predictors selected for the SURFACE models tend to be related to temperature, relative humidity, and wind direction when the models are generated using RUC or ARPS analyses. The second group of models (OUTBREAK models) is derived from a selected subgroup of satellite-based observations of widespread persistent contrails. The most common predictors for the OUTBREAK models tend to be wind direction, atmospheric lapse rate, temperature, relative humidity, .
Room‐temperature electroluminescence at wavelengths of 5–7 μm from HgCdTe heterostructure diodes

Room‐temperature electroluminescence at peak wavelengths of 5–7 μm has been observed in metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy‐grown mercury cadmium telluride, fully impurity doped, heterostructure, mesa diodes. The internal quantum efficiency at low injection for 5 μm emission is around 4×10−4. Maximum output power at 295 K is 6 nW from an 80 μm diameter device (120 μW cm−2) at 50% duty cycle. The dependence of intensity on current, the emission spectra, and an infrared microscope image of the emission are presented.
Serum lipoprotein(a) and bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration

Abstract Aims Bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration demonstrates pathological similarities to aortic stenosis. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a well-recognized risk factor for incident aortic stenosis and disease progression. The aim of this study is to investigate whether serum Lp(a) concentrations are associated with bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration. Methods and results In a post hoc analysis of a prospective multimodality imaging study (NCT02304276), serum Lp(a) concentrations, echocardiography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) angiography, and 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) positron emission tomography (PET) were assessed in patients with bioprosthetic aortic valves. Patients were also followed up for 2 years with serial echocardiography. Serum Lp(a) concentrations [median 19.9 (8.4–76.4) mg/dL] were available in 97 participants (mean age 75 ± 7 years, 54% men). There were no baseline differences across the tertiles of serum Lp(a) concentrations for disease severity assessed by echocardiography [median peak aortic valve velocity: highest tertile 2.5 (2.3–2.9) m/s vs. lower tertiles 2.7 (2.4–3.0) m/s, P = 0.204], or valve degeneration on CT angiography (highest tertile n = 8 vs. lower tertiles n = 12, P = 0.552) and 18F-NaF PET (median tissue-to-background ratio: highest tertile 1.13 (1.05–1.41) vs. lower tertiles 1.17 (1.06–1.53), P = 0.889]. After 2 years of follow-up, there were no differences in annualized change in bioprosthetic hemodynamic progression [change in peak aortic valve velocity: highest tertile [0.0 (−0.1–0.2) m/s/year vs. lower tertiles 0.1 (0.0–0.2) m/s/year, P = 0.528] or the development of structural valve degeneration. Conclusion Serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations do not appear to be a major determinant or mediator of bioprosthetic aortic valve degeneration.
Effect of silver nanoparticles associated with fluoride on the progression of root dentin caries in vitro

Objectives To assess the anti-proteolytic effect and potential to inhibit dentin root caries progression of a silver nanoparticle and fluoride solution (CNanoF) in comparison to silver diamine fluoride (SDF). Methods 48 specimens of root dentin artificial caries lesion were treated with 38% SDF, CNanoF, CNano or F (n = 6 per group). Ph cycling with demineralization and remineralization solutions simulated caries lesion progression. In addition, specimens were incubated with or without bacterial collagenase in the remineralization solution to induce dentin proteolytic degradation. Dentin degradation was assessed by weight loss rate and hydroxyproline (Hyp) release. Changes in cross-sectional microhardness, and lesion permeability and collagen integrity as determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated potential for further demineralization inhibition. The effect of the solutions on the activity of metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and -9 was also investigated. Statistical analysis consisted of ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and linear mixed models with post-hoc pairwise Tukey, Dunn, and t-tests (α = 0.05). Results Treatment with SDF resulted in lower weight loss rate than did other solutions, but all groups showed similar Hyp release (p = 0.183). SDF resulted in greater microhardness at superficial layers of the caries lesions (p<0.05), while there were no differences among CNanoF, CNano, and F. Lesion permeability was similar among all groups after pH cycling (p>0.05), with or without the use of collagenase (p = 0.58). No statistically significant difference was noted among solutions regarding collagen integrity after pH cycling; however, SDF-treated dentin had a significant decrease in collagen integrity when collagenase was used (p = 0.003). Interestingly, only SDF was able to completely inactivate MMP-2 and -9. Conclusions CNanoF and SDF both potentially prevent dentin degradation during caries lesion progression in vitro; however, SDF was more effective at inhibiting further tissue demineralization.
Remote thermal imaging with 0.7‐μm spatial resolution using temperature‐dependent fluorescent thin flims

We have applied the recently developed technique of fluorescent thermal imaging to measure the surface temperature profile of a test sample with unprecedented temperature and spatial resolution. A particularly simple temperature profile was produced by passing an electrical current through a long, unresolvably thin metal stripe on a glass substrate. The sample was coated with a fluorescent thin film whose fluorescence efficiency decreases with increasing temperature. Digital processing of the fluorescence image produces a quantitative surface temperature map with simultaneous temperature and spatial resolutions of 0.08 °C and 0.7 μm, respectively. This spatial resolution approaches for the first time the dimensions of state‐of‐the‐art integrated circuits. Extension of this technique into the nanosecond time domain will allow new advances in the fields of photothermal microscopy, integrated circuit diagnostics, and thermal transport measurements.
Emotional Intelligence and Creative Self-Efficacy among Gifted Children: Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem and Moderating Effect of Gender

Creative self-efficacy is a type of individual creative self-belief, which is an important predictor of creative activities and achievements. For gifted children who have high creative potential, the influencing factors of their creative self-efficacy need to be further explored. This study aimed to explore the relationship between gender, emotional intelligence, self-esteem, and creative self-efficacy in gifted children, with special attention on the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of gender in the relationship between emotional intelligence and creative self-efficacy. Participants in this study included 226 gifted students aged 10–13 (135 boys and 91 girls) from experimental classrooms designed for gifted students in North China. The creative self-efficacy scale (CSE), the emotional intelligence scale (EIS), and the self-esteem scale (SES) were tested. The statistical results indicate that: (1) emotional intelligence significantly positively predicted creative self-efficacy in gifted children; (2) self-esteem partially mediated the link between emotional intelligence and creative self-efficacy; and (3) gender acted as a moderator for the mediation model, in which self-esteem played a complete mediating role in gifted boys, while the mediating role of self-esteem in gifted girls was not significant. The results of this study reveal the influential mechanism of creative self-efficacy in gifted children of different genders and may provide further implications for promoting the creative potential of gifted children.
APPLICATION OF SYNCHRONOUS AVERAGING TO VIBRATION MONITORING OF ROLLING ELEMENT BEARINGS

Abstract In this paper, the high frequency resonance technique, used for many years in the early detection of failure in rolling element bearings by vibration analysis, is combined with the technique of synchronous averaging, which has long been applied to vibration analysis of gears for the early detection of failure. It is shown that by synchronising the averaging of the envelope signal with a trigger signal taken from the rotation of the shaft, a representation is obtained for a bearing under radial load of the influence of the load distribution and the effects of the transfer path to the vibration transducer. By synchronising with the rotation speed of the shaft relative to the cage, an estimate is obtained of the distribution of the damage on the inner race of the bearing, and of the variations between rolling elements. The techniques are demonstrated by experiments on a laboratory test rig with a rolling bearing under radial load and multiple simulated spalls on the inner race.
Nonlinearity in Optical Imaging Systems

Fundamental difficulties arise in the attempt to measure the optical transfer function at high spatial frequencies. These difficulties are due to the basic nonlinearity of optical imaging systems at high spatial frequencies. The physical significance of this nonlinearity in image evaluation is illustrated by considering two commonly used methods of measuring the optical transfer function, i.e., the imaging of sine waves and edges. It is shown that at spatial frequencies considered to be within the state of the art, both of these methods lead to apparent, or measured, transfer functions which are significantly different from those which would be obtained for a linear system. For the practical case where the object mutual intensity is spatially stationary, it is found that the importance of this nonlinearity is determined by the ratio of the coherence interval of the object illumination to the size of the imaging system’s diffraction pattern. These nonlinearities can therefore become important at lower spatial frequencies. The implications of these results for image evaluation are discussed.
Radiative forcing and climate sensitivity: The ozone experience

The climatic impact of ozone perturbations is studied with a general‐circulation model by considering both the radiative forcing at the tropopause and the change in the near‐surface temperature. In particular, we focus on the vertical sensitivity by imposing the perturbations in different vertical layers. the simulations are done in perpetual‐January mode and with climatological sea ice. the main part of the analysis is focused on global‐mean values and in particular on the surface energy budget. Moderate sensitivities related to weak positive feedbacks are found when the perturbation is applied to the troposphere or the lower stratosphere, while larger sensitivities are found for perturbations in the higher stratosphere. This difference in the feedbacks is argued to be related to the vertical partitioning of the radiative forcing determined by the relative strengths of the long‐wave and short‐wave forcings. While the larger part of the short‐wave forcing, which dominates for ozone perturbations in the higher stratosphere, penetrates to the surface, the long‐wave forcing is predominantly deposited in the free troposphere. When the model is forced at the surface, latent‐heat flux effectively transports energy to the free troposphere restoring the lapse rate to its unperturbed value. Conversely, when the forcing is located in the free troposphere transport to the surface is limited. For the experiments under consideration the radiative forcing and the climate sensitivity are found to be robust and only slightly sensitive to the definition of the tropopause. As a measure of climate change the forcing adjusted for thermal changes in the stratosphere is superior to both the instantaneous forcing and to the forcing obtained after dynamical changes in the stratosphere.
Effect of lockdown on sleep-wake rhythm and alcohol use

ABSTRACT The global covid-19 pandemic has imposed radical changes in daily lives. This study reflects upon sociodemographic and clinical characteristics (sleep-wake rhythm, psychiatric symptoms, and alcohol use behavior) during the full lockdown, comparing individuals who increased their alcohol use (iAU), those who maintained a stable use (sAU), and those who did not consume alcohol (AnoU). Participants were recruited via e-mails and they were required to complete an online survey that included questionnaires, during the last week of the full lockdown. The iAU group, compared to the sAU group, presented more disturbed sleep (PSQI; p < .001), more severe insomnia (ISI; p < .001), shorter sleep duration (p < .001), longer sleep latency (p < .001), and less regular sleep-wake schedules (p = .005). They also reported more anxiety (HAD-A; p = .009), more depressive symptoms (HAD-D: p = .006) and more psychotraumatic symptoms (PCL-5: p = .018). Moreover, the sAU group, compared to AnoU, showed better quality of sleep (PSQI; p = .002) and less severe anxiety symptoms (HAD-A; p = .014). Maintaining a stable use was also related to a better quality of life associated with bigger homes with more frequent outdoors living spaces and higher monthly incomes. Individuals who increased their alcohol consumption during the Covid-19 lockdown exhibited more sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances, as well as more (severe) psychiatric symptoms.
Dual rotating-compensator multichannel ellipsometer: Instrument development for high-speed Mueller matrix spectroscopy of surfaces and thin films

A multichannel ellipsometer in the dual rotating-compensator configuration has been developed for applications in real time Mueller matrix spectroscopy of anisotropic surfaces and thin films. The sequence of optical elements for this instrument configuration can be denoted PC1r(5ω)SC2r(3ω)A, where P, S, and A represent the polarizer, sample, and analyzer. In this sequence, C1r and C2r represent the first and second compensators, rotating with angular frequencies of 5ω and 3ω, respectively, where ω=π/TC is the base angular frequency (corresponding to 2 Hz) and TC=0.25 s is the fundamental optical period. The instrument can provide 170 point spectra over the wavelength range from 235 nm (5.3 eV) to 735 nm (1.7 eV) in all 16 elements of the unnormalized Mueller matrix with minimum acquisition and repetition times of TC=0.25 s. In this study, instrumentation calibration procedures are demonstrated in the transmission geometry without a sample, including (i) alignment of the two MgF2 zero-order biplate compens.