Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing dynamic human shapes from sparse silhouettes via latent space optimization of Parametric shape models

: The problem of dynamic 3D reconstruction has gained popularity over the last few years with most approaches relying on data driven learning and optimization methods. However this is quite a challenging task because of the need for tracking different features in both space and time—that too of deformable objects—where such robust tracking may not always be possible. A common way to better ground the problem is by using some forms of regularizations primarily on the shape representations. Over the years, mesh-based linear blend skinning models have been the standard for fitting templates of humans to the observed time series data of human deformation. However, this approach suffers from optimization diﬀiculties arising from maintaining a consistent mesh topology. In this paper, a novel algorithm for reconstructing dynamic human shapes has been proposed, which uses only sparse silhouette information. This is achieved by first creating shape models based on the signed distance neural fields which are subsequently optimized via volumetric differentiable rendering to best match the observed data. Several experiments have been carried out in this work to test the robustness of this method and the results show it to be quite robust, outperforming prior state of the art on dynamic human shape reconstruction by 45% .
Micromachined two-dimensional array piezoelectrically actuated transducers

This letter presents micromachined two-dimensional array flextensional transducers that can be used to generate sound in air or water. Individual array elements consist of a thin piezoelectric ring and a thin, fully supported, circular membrane. We report on an optimum design for an individual array element based on finite element modeling. We manufacture the transducer in two-dimensional arrays using planar silicon micromachining and demonstrate ultrasound transmission in air at 2.85 MHz. Such an array could be combined with on-board driving and an addressing circuitry for different applications.
Blaze: A Framework for Interprocedural Binary Analysis

—Blaze is an open-source binary analysis framework that supports the construction and manipulation of interprocedural control-flow graphs (ICFGs) and type checking on a lifted representation of program binaries. All analyses in Blaze are implemented in terms of a typed intermediate language—Path Intermediate Language (PIL). Blaze includes a unification-based type checker for PIL which is used to support the generation of SMT formulas and type inference. Blaze has been used to develop tools for reverse engineering and vulnerability discovery and provides a foundation for exploring the use of type systems and higher-level abstractions in the analysis of program binaries. This paper provides an overview of Blaze’s implementation, capabilities, and applications.
Decomposition method for solving a system of coupled fractional-time nonlinear equations

The Adomian decomposition method (ADM) has been successively used to find the explicit and numerical solutions of the time fractional of a coupled nonlinear fractional equations. Four models of special interest with fractional time derivative of order α, 0<α<1 are considered and solved by means of ADM. The behaviour of Adomian solutions and the effects of different values of α are shown graphically. Numerical examples are tested to illustrate the pertinent feature of the proposed algorithm.
Evaluating processor-behavior and three error-detection mechanisms using physical fault-injection

An approach for assessing the impact of physical injection of transient faults on processor execution is described and evaluated. The fault injection is based on two complementary methods using: (1) heavy-ion radiation; and (2) power supply disturbances. 12000 transient faults were injected into the target microprocessor, a Motorola MC6809E 8-bit CPU, running 3 different workloads. In the evaluation, the control-flow errors were distinguished from those that had no effect on the correct flow of control. The errors that led to wrong results are separated from those that did not affect the correct results. The errors that affected neither the correct control flow nor the correct results are specified. Effects of errors on the registers and signals of the processor are characterized, Workload dependency on error rates is demonstrated. Three error-detection mechanisms, (2 software-based mechanisms and 1 watchdog timer) were combined and used to characterize the detected and undetected errors. More than 87% of all errors and 93% of the control-flow errors could be detected. In a different test, the efficiency of an isolated watchdog timer was evaluated. The coverage of the isolated watchdog timer was only 62%. The results indicate that fault-injection methods, workloads, and programming languages all differently affect the control flow, coverage, latency, and error rates. >
Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 and Risk Assessment in Bovine Milk from the Amazon Region

Aflatoxins (AFL) are fungal metabolites that can contaminate animal feed, causing toxic effects after consumption. Among the AFL, there are reports of the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk, so the objective of this work was to evaluate the AFM1 content in bovine milk samples produced in the State of Amazonas-Brazil. Of the analyzed samples (n=30), 20% were found to be contaminated with AFM1 in the range of 0.093-0.320 μg/kg (Limit of detection= 0.0625 μg/mL). No sample exceeded current Brazilian legislation, but all exceeded the maximum European regulatory limit of 0.05 μg/kg. Risk analysis estimated a daily intake of 5.357 x 10-7 mg/kg body weight/day for men and 6.257 x 10-7 mg/kg body weight/day for women. The MOE result did not indicate concern in public health aspects. On the other hand, the occurrence of AFM1 in the state of Amazonas was observed in an unprecedented way and need further investigation including other dairy products.
Marching methods for the solution of the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation

Two forms of implementing the Crank-Nicolson method for the case of nonlinear optical propagation are compared with the faster split operator method. Stability and convergence of the methods are also analyzed. It is shown that in general the split operator method does not conserve power to the same degree as the Crank-Nicolson method does and it fails to converge in the case of strong nonlinearity. >
A numerical study of the evolution and structure of a turbulent shear layer under a free surface

Results from direct numerical simulations of an unsteady turbulent shear layer with a free surface are presented. The emphasis is on the interaction dynamics of the free surface with the coherent vortices in the underlying turbulent shear flow as well as the resulting free-surface signatures. Instantaneous vortex lines and isosurfaces of enstrophy indicate that coherent horseshoe vortical structures emerge from the random initial vorticity field. These horseshoe vortices impinge, break and reconnect onto the free surface, and then appear as two vortex connections with opposite signs on the surface. The two identified vortical structures correspond to ‘splatting’ and ‘swirling’ events, which have been observed in other experiments and simulations of free-surface/turbulence flows. Though free-surface depressions form near the vertical-vorticity centres in the connection processes, only a low correlation (≈50% to 60%) is found between the free-surface roughness (vertical deformation) and the connected normal vorticity. On the other hand, the free-surface curvatures and the tangential free-surface vorticities are better correlated (≈80% to 90%). The balance of enstrophy and the vorticity transport show that stretching and viscous dissipation along the direction of the vorticity vector dominate the vortex dynamics near the free surface. These two transport mechanisms are found to be responsible for the cancellation of the spanwise vorticity of the horseshoe-vortex heads and the annihilation of the surface-connected normal vorticities.
Factors Impeding the Learning of English as a Second Language among Male Students in Public Sector Colleges at the Intermediate Level?

The primary aim of the study is to investigate the English language learning at intermediate level in the Province of Punjab, Pakistan. To achieve the objective of the study situational analysis and literature review approach for substantive theorizing and historical interpretation is adopted as suggested by Karl Popper. Teachers and students of numerous social surroundings who teach and study in the public and private sector colleges in the province of Punjab have reported numerous problems, in the published articles from 2015 to 2022, they face in learning English language. In the teaching and learning contexts Urdu and regional languages have been reported widely used in the previous studies, and other main reasons highlighted through the review of the literature which are impeding the learners in second language learning include; crowded classrooms, less motivation, literature, teacher-centered teaching, indifferent teacher attitude, inadequate teacher training, and ineffective Syllabus. This study has recommended with teachers' training support, implementing interactive teaching methods, and using the target language in the classes by motivating the learners, these hurdles can be overcome easily.
Dolbeault complexes on singular curves and surfaces

Give the smooth part of a singular curve or normal surface the metric induced from the ambient projective space. On this incomplete manifold the minimal L2 0-complex of (0, q)-forms has finite-dimensional cohomology groups. The Euler characteristic of this cohomology equals the Todd genus of any desingularization of the singular variety. R. MacPherson ([4], [8]) has conjectured that the smooth part of a singular algebraic variety (when given one of certain natural metrics) carries an L2 complex of (0, q)-forms whose Euler characteristic is equal to the Todd genus of any desingularization of the variety. Much progress on this conjecture has been made using complete metrics on the smooth parts of the varieties. The present paper focuses on the incomplete metrics induced from the ambient projective spaces. W. Pardon [10] has written an important paper showing that when X is a curve or normal surface whose smooth part is given the metric induced from the ambient projective space, then the complex of smooth (0, q)-forms w satisfying w E L2 and Ow E L2 has an Euler characteristic that is not necessarily equal to the Todd genus of a desingularization of X. However, an earlier paper [6] exhibited a i-complex on the smooth part of a curve X (with metric induced from the ambient projective space) that has the Euler characteristic conjectured by MacPherson. In the search for the complex whose existence is conjectured by MacPherson, one must choose carefully a closed extension of the 0-operator. Let X be a complex projective curve or normal surface, and let U be the set of smooth points of X. Give U the metric induced from the ambient projective space. The present paper shows that the minimal 0-complex (defined in Definition 1.5) of (0, q)-forms on U has finite-dimensional cohomology groups and that these groups are isomorphic to the corresponding O-cohomology groups on any desingularization of X. Thus the Euler characteristic of these Received by the editors April 9, 1988, and in revised form December 2, 1988. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification (1985 Revision). Primary 58G10, 58G05; Secondary 57R20, 32J25. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DMS-8717186. 1989 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/89 $1.00 + S.25 per page
The mediating role of task-related occupational anxiety in the relationship between stress-coping behaviours and crisis management skills: A study during the COVID-19 pandemic period

The COVID-19 Pandemic has forced healthcare professionals worldwide to make and implement decisions under extreme pressure, which is naturally a source of stress and anxiety for all healthcare professionals. This study examined the mediating role of task-related occupational anxiety in the relationship between nurses’ stress-coping behaviours and crisis management skills. The sample consists of nurses working in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Because the research was conducted within the scope of COVID-19 epidemic measures, the questionnaire was online, and 400 electronic questionnaires were analysed. According to the results obtained in the research, significant relationships were found between stress-coping behaviours, crisis management skills and task-related occupational anxiety, as well as between task-related occupational anxiety and crisis management skills. In addition, it has been determined that task-related occupational anxiety mediates the relationship between stress-coping behaviours and crisis management skills. The results are discussed in the axis of the research results in the related literature.
Does Positive Psychology Coaching Improve Trainee Well-Being? Evidence from a Longitudinal Professional Development Coaching Program in a Cohort of Pediatric Trainees

d = 0.33, p = 0.03). On bivariate analysis, ability to cope was positively correlated with gratitude (r = 0.49, p = 0.01), PERMA (r = 0.61, p = 0.001), and self-valuation (r = 0.46, p = 0.01), and negatively correlated with intolerance of uncertainty (r = -0.46, p = 0.01). Burnout was negatively correlated with professional fulfillment (r = -0.65, p < 0.001) and self-valuation (r = -0.75, p < 0.001). There was no deterioration in scores for trainees who participated in the coaching program. Conclusion: Our longitudinal coaching program was associated with improvement in pediatric trainees’ professional fulfillment, identified possible drivers of well-being on bivariate analysis, and may serve as a roadmap for development of well-being curricula. Our findings suggest that well-being is not merely the absence of burnout, and maintenance of well-being during training may be just as critical as improvement. ABSTRACT
A Raman chemical imaging system for detection of contaminants in food

This study presented a preliminary investigation into the use of macro-scale Raman chemical imaging for the screening of dry milk powder for the presence of chemical contaminants. Melamine was mixed into dry milk at concentrations (w/w) of 0.2%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 5.0%, and 10.0% and images of the mixtures were analyzed by a spectral information divergence algorithm. Ammonium sulfate, dicyandiamide, and urea were each separately mixed into dry milk at concentrations of (w/w) of 0.5%, 1.0%, and 5.0%, and an algorithm based on self-modeling mixture analysis was applied to these sample images. The contaminants were successfully detected and the spatial distribution of the contaminants within the sample mixtures was visualized using these algorithms. Although further studies are necessary, macro-scale Raman chemical imaging shows promise for use in detecting contaminants in food ingredients and may also be useful for authentication of food ingredients.
Cauchy problem for nonlinear Schrödinger equations with inverse-square potentials

The wellposedness of nonlinear Schrödinger equations (NLS) with inverse-square potentials is discussed in this article. The usual (NLS) is regarded as the potential-free case. The wellposedness of the usual (NLS) is well-known for a long time. In fact, several methods have been developed up to now. Among others, the Strichartz estimates seem to be essential in addition to the restriction on the nonlinear term caused by the Gagliardo–Nirengerg inequality. However, a parallel argument is not available when we apply such estimates to (NLS) with inverse-square potentials. Thus, we shall give only partial answer to the question in this article.
Table driven Newton scheme for high precision logarithm generation

Based on the Newton method, a table driven iterative scheme is proposed to compute the logarithm function. The proposed scheme provides high performance and high precision and it is implementable with currently available technologies. It is shown, assuming the availability of a parallel multiplier and an adder and the IEEE floating point format, that a computation delay of 12 machine cycles can be obtained with precision of 0.761*2/sup -53/ requiring 18432 bytes of read only memory (ROM). Based on performance and look-up table size estimations of other existing schemes also using table driven approaches a speed-up of over 1.5 for the proposed scheme can be obtained.
New Insights Into the Rift‐To‐Drift Process of the Northern South China Sea Margin Constrained by a Three‐Dimensional Wide‐Angle Seismic Velocity Model

A three‐dimensional (3D) P‐wave seismic velocity (Vp) model of the crust in the northern South China Sea margin drilled by IODP Expeditions 367/368/368X has been obtained with first‐arrival travel‐time tomography using wide‐angle seismic data from a network of 49 OBSs and 11 air‐gun shot lines. The 3D Vp distribution constrains the extent, structure and nature of the continental, continent to ocean transition (COT), and oceanic domains. Continental crust laterally ranges in thickness from ∼8 to 20 km, a ∼20 km‐width COT contains no evidence of exhumed mantle, and crust with clear oceanic seismic structure ranges in thickness from ∼4.5 to 9 km. A high‐velocity (7.0–7.5 km/s) lower crust (HVLC) ranges in thickness from ∼1 to 9 km across the continental and COT domains, which is interpreted as a proxy of syn‐rift and syn‐breakup magma associated to underplating and/or intrusions. Continental crust thinning style is abrupter in the NE segment and gradual in the SW segment. Abrupter continental thinning exhibits thicker HVLC at stretching factor (β) < ∼3, whereas gentler thinning associates to thinner HVLC at β > ∼4. Opening of the NE segment thus occurred by comparatively increased magmatism, whereas tectonic extension was more important in the SW segment. The Vp distribution shows the changes in deformation and magmatism are abrupt along the strike of the margin, with the segments possibly bounded by a transfer fault system. No conventional model explains the structure and segmentation of tectonic and magmatic processes. Local inherited lithospheric heterogeneities during rifting may have modulated the contrasting opening styles.
A Method of Conjugate Directions for Linearly Constrained Nonlinear Programming Problems

An iterative method is described for the minimization of a continuously differentiable function $F(x)$ of n variables subject to linear inequality constraints. Without any assumptions on second order derivatives it is shown that every cluster point of the sequence $\{ {x_j } \}$ generated by this method is a stationary point. If $\{ {x_j } \}$ has a cluster point z such that $F(x)$ is twice continuously differentiable in some neighborhood of z and the Hessian matrix of $F(x)$ has certain properties, then $\{ {x_j } \}$ converges to z and the convergence is $(n - p)$-step superlinear, where p is the number of constraints which are active for z. Furthermore, a simple procedure is given for deriving a new sequence $\{ {y_j } \}$ from the sequence $\{ {x_j } \}$ which converges faster to z in the sense that $\| {y_j - z} \|\| {x_j - z} \|^{ - 1} \to 0$ as $j \to \infty $.
ON HYPERBOLIC PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS.

where p = zx, q = zy, it is assumed that f is continuous in (x, y, z, p, q) and satisfies a uniform Lipschitz conditioni with respect to (z, p, q). It will be shown (Section 2) that the assumption of a Lipschitz. condition with respect to z can be omitted in these existence theorems, though not in the uniqueness theorems. On the other hand, it will be shown in Section 3 by an example that the Lipschitz condition with respect to (p, q) cannot be omitted and, what is more, that there exist continiuous f such that (1) has no solution whatsoever (in a vicinity of a given point of the (x, y) -plane). The existence theorem to be proved for (1) leads to improvements of some of the results of H. Lewy ([14]; cf. the presentation in [6], pp. 487508). For example, it will be shown (Section 5) that if F(x, y, z, p, q, r, s, t) is a function of class C2, and if the partial differential equation
GaSb-based semiconductor disk lasers: recent advances in power scaling and narrow linewidth operation

The (AlGaIn)(AsSb) semiconductor materials system has been shown to be ideally suited to realize optically pumped Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VECSELs) for the 2-3 μm wavelength range. For a 2 μm emitting single-chip VECSEL with a ternary GaInSb quantum well active region, employing a linear planar-concave resonator geometry, a maximum continuous wave (cw) output power of 4.2 W at 20°C heatsink temperature (6 W at 0°C) has been achieved. Standard fiber-coupled 980 nm diode lasers have been used for optical barrier pumping. Employing a W-shaped resonator with two optically pumped gain chips acting as planar folding mirrors, a maximum cw output power of 5.5 W has been achieved at a heatsink temperature of 20°C, increasing to 10.4 W when reducing the heatsink temperature to -10°C. The resonator versatility of a VECSEL also allows the insertion of additional optical elements into the optical cavity for wavelength selection and linewidth control. Employing a V-shaped folded cavity with the gain chip acting as the planar end mirror, single-mode operation with a linewidth <100 kHz at 1 W optical output power has been achieved at a lasing wavelength of 2.05 μm.
Self-Expectations, Socially Prescribed Expectations, and Wellness in 14- to 15-Year-Old Athletes, Ballet, and Music Students in Norwegian Talent Schools—An Interview Study

Talent-school settings may generate stress via demanding expectations. To investigate students representing Norway’s growing phenomenon of early adolescent talent schools, we interviewed twenty-seven 14- to15-year-old boys and girls about their experiences with self- and socially imposed expectations. Students were recruited from two sports schools (n = 14) and one school each with talent classes for ballet (n = 7) and music (n = 6). Using reflexive thematic analysis, we found four main themes representing the performers’ accounts of (a) self-oriented expectations of persistent hard work, evoking self-doubts, and never-give-up attitudes; (b) coaches’/teachers’ socially prescribed expectations, stimulating hard work, and pursuit of approval and opportunities; (c) parental expectations, reflected as helpful support, concerns of letting parents down, and negotiating independence; and (d) struggles with balancing expectations, reflected by demanding workloads, difficulties with prioritizing recovery, and ill-being. Early interventions targeting unhealthy self- and socially imposed expectations in high-expectation settings may be required to safeguard youth performers’ healthy development.
Monte Carlo Filter and Smoother for Non-Gaussian Nonlinear State Space Models

Abstract A new algorithm for the prediction, filtering, and smoothing of non-Gaussian nonlinear state space models is shown. The algorithm is based on a Monte Carlo method in which successive prediction, filtering (and subsequently smoothing), conditional probability density functions are approximated by many of their realizations. The particular contribution of this algorithm is that it can be applied to a broad class of nonlinear non-Gaussian higher dimensional state space models on the provision that the dimensions of the system noise and the observation noise are relatively low. Several numerical examples are shown.