Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE APPLICATION OF SMARTPHONE BASED STRUCTURE FROM MOTION (SFM) PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN GROUND VOLUME MEASUREMENT

Abstract. The purpose of this research study is to assess the potential using smartphone camera captured images for 3D model reconstruction by using Structure from Motion (SFM) photogrammetry technique, specifically in term of volumetric measurement. In past, the volumetric measurement of surface or object is by using Imaging Station or by professional Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS), however such approach is expensive in labour fees and instruments fee respectively. A cheaper alternative is necessary for researcher and industrial to construct 3D model with greater cost efficiency. The improvement of photography and computer vision has introduced the technique of SFM photogrammetry, an alternative in 3D model reconstruction other than TLS. Non-metric camera sensor mounted inside budget smartphone are used to capture images of stockpile and processed by Agisoft Metashape Professional (AMP) software to construct a 3D model. The volumetric measurement is executed and compare with the benchmark which is the model constructed from TLS. Statistics and tables are used to indicate the accuracy of Smartphone based SFM photogrammetry in intuitive manner. The result shows that the volumetric measurement by using smartphone SFM method has significant difference when compared with the benchmark, TLS solution.
The Study on the Filling of Atoms in a Carbon Nanotube

The filling of Pb, C, Al and S atoms into Carbon nanotubes is studied by use of the discrete variational method within the local density functional theory. It is found that Lead atom inclines to enter into tubes, while Carbon atom rather stays at the mouth of nanotubes, which is in good agreement with experiments. The effect of nanotube length and diameter on the filling is discussed.
A systematic review on the effectiveness of children’s interactive reading applications for promoting their emergent literacy in the multimedia context

Emergent literacy is the term used to describe the reading and writing experiences of young children before they learn to write and read conventionally, and it is important for the construction of children’s early reading skills and the enhancement of their later reading performance. The systematic review was conducted to examine the effectiveness of children’s interactive reading apps in promoting emergent literacy for children between the ages of three and eight over the last decade (2013-2022). A total of 50 studies were included in this review, and it can be concluded that multimedia features (e.g., a dictionary, background music, and animated pictures) in children’s interactive reading apps are effective for enhancing emergent literacy. Conversely, interactive functions (such as games and hotspots) may distract children’s attention, leading to poor reading performances. This review also demonstrated the positive effects of children’s interactive reading apps on improving their learning outcomes and behavior. In addition, the results indicated that well-designed apps could promote children’s emerging literacy skills. However, more in-depth studies will be required in the future to provide designers with a well-defined guideline for designing reading apps for children.
Design of chiral planar integrated antennas with cover via the method of lines

The analysis of patch antennas loaded by general inhomogeneous and lossy chiral media is presented in this paper, implementing a new method‐of‐lines (MoL) procedure, which considers inhomogeneous planar structures loaded by any bi‐isotropic material. Presented results refer to the effect of a chiral cover on the resonance frequency of a simple squared‐patch structure. Design charts are presented to simply analyze the separate effects of cover thickness and chirality. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 32: 143–145, 2002.
Influence of film coating with polykote on seed quality characteristics of cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.).

Cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. ] popularly known as guar is a drought hardy, deep-rooted, summer annual legume, grown as feed, fodder and green manure. This crop is susceptible to water stagnation and as well as severe drought condition and hence the seed germination, emergence and establishment are very difficult under these conditions. In general, the germination of seed is highly influenced by moisture status of the substrate (Datta and Dayal, 1988). In order to get better establishment under very low and very high moisture status, film coating technology with polykote alone and in combination with fungicides and halogens will be highly useful. Seed coating technology
The impact of immigrants’ characteristics on anti-immigrant sentiment among the Jewish majority and the Arab minority in Israel

ABSTRACT In the present research ‘factorial survey experiment’ method is applied to examine and compare the differential impact of immigrants’ characteristics on anti-immigrant sentiment among the majority and minority populations in Israel. Potential immigrants were described by six characteristics (gender, continent of birth, education, religion, level of religiosity and reason for migration) in a fractionalised sample of 252 vignettes (organised in 42 decks of 6 vignettes each). They were presented to two national representative samples of the Jewish (majority) and of the Arab (minority) populations in Israel. Respondents were asked to express attitudes toward admission and allocation of rights to hypothetical immigrants. The analysis reveals that Arabs are more supportive of immigrants than Jews, and that the most influential characteristic on formation of attitudes is immigrants’ religious origin, with Jews preferring Jewish immigrants but objecting non-Jews (especially Muslims) and Arabs favouring non-Jews (especially Muslims) immigrants. Discussion of the findings in light of theory leads to the conclusion that sentiments toward immigrants are shaped, first and foremost, by preferences regarding the ethnic and cultural homogeneity of society; much more than by threat of economic competition.
Pushing the Charging Distance Beyond Near Field by Antenna Design

Nowadays, wireless charging has become one of the most popular technologies in Internet of Things (IoT), which makes electric devices battery free and flexible. The electromagnetic coupling in antenna design is important to push the range limits beyond the near field. Previous studies did not consider the coupling among coils and they do not work for the far-field scenarios. In this article, we design an antenna for wireless charging that can expand the charging distance from 5 to 55 cm, a ten-fold improvement compared to the near-field commercial communication distance according to the simulation results. Specifically, it is practical to take into account the coupling of every two coils when we analyze the transmit power. Therefore, we first model the near-field signal propagation with higher-order factors, and establish the relationship between the geometry parameters and the transmit power. Then, since our problem is extremely nonlinear, we design the greedy search algorithm and narrow down the feasible region to obtain the optimal parameters of the coils that can maximize the charging distance. An Ansoft-High Frequency Structure Simulator is adopted to simulate the performance of the coil models, and the results show that square coils achieve the best performance. We also discuss the best arrangement of multiple coil antennas. The impact of the signal phase is also introduced and the best combination of signal phases from different transmit coils is analyzed.
Mid-IR type-II interband cascade lasers and their applications

Type-II interband cascade lasers are efficient and compact mid-infrared (3-5 μm) light sources with many applications such as gas sensing and environmental monitoring. Significant progress toward such a goal has recently been made in terms of achieving low threshold current densities (e.g. ~8 A/cm2 at 80 K), high temperature operation (e.g. 325 K in pulsed and 217 K in cw modes), and continuous wave operation of single-mode distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. These DFB lasers have been integrated into laboratory spectrometers for detection of gases such as CH4 and HCl. One laser was flown on a high-altitude balloon instrument and measured HCl profiles in the stratosphere as part of Aura satellite instrument validation. We review the recent progress of Sb-based mid-IR IC lasers and address the requirements for further improvements in their performance.
Inertial and gravitational effects in the proper reference frame of an accelerated, rotating observer

Most experimental laboratories accelerate and rotate relative to inertial frames. This paper derives approximate expressions for the general-relativistic metric and the general-relativistic equations of motion of freely falling particles in such a laboratory. The metric is derived accurate to second order in distance from the origin of coordinates; the equations of motion are derived accurate to first order. The equations of motion contain inertial, Coriolis, and centripetal pseudoforces, electric, magnetic, and magnetic-magnetic type forces due to Riemann curvature (inhomogeneous gravity), "gravitational red-shift" corrections to these forces, and velocity-induced special-relativistic corrections.
Properties and origin of subproton‐scale magnetic holes in the terrestrial plasma sheet

Electron‐scale magnetic depressions in the terrestrial plasma sheet are studied using Cluster multispacecraft data. The structures, which have an observed duration of ~5–10 s, are approximately 200–300 km wide in the direction of propagation, and they show an average reduction in the background magnetic field of 10–20%. A majority of the events are also associated with an increase in the high‐energy high pitch angle electron flux, which indicates that the depressions are presumably generated by electrons with relatively high velocity perpendicular to the background magnetic field. Differences in the recorded electron spectra in the four spacecraft indicates a possible nongyrotropic structure. Multispacecraft measurements show that a subset of events are cylindrical, elongated along the magnetic field, and with a field‐parallel scale size of at a minimum 500 km. Other events seem to be better described as electron‐scale sheets, about 200–300 km thick. We find that no single formation mechanism can explain this variety of events observed. Instead, several processes may be operating in the plasma sheet, giving rise to similar magnetic field structures in the single‐spacecraft data, but with different 3‐D structuring. The cylindrical structures have several traits that are in agreement with the electron vortex magnetic holes observed in 2‐D particle‐in‐cell simulations of turbulent relaxation, whereas the sheets, which show nearly identical signatures in the multispacecraft data, are better explained by propagating electron solitary waves.
NSPA: characterizing the disease association of multiple genetic interactions at single-subject resolution

Abstract Motivation The interaction between genetic variables is one of the major barriers to characterizing the genetic architecture of complex traits. To consider epistasis, network science approaches are increasingly being used in research to elucidate the genetic architecture of complex diseases. Network science approaches associate genetic variables’ disease susceptibility to their topological importance in the network. However, this network only represents genetic interactions and does not describe how these interactions attribute to disease association at the subject-scale. We propose the Network-based Subject Portrait Approach (NSPA) and an accompanying feature transformation method to determine the collective risk impact of multiple genetic interactions for each subject. Results The feature transformation method converts genetic variants of subjects into new values that capture how genetic variables interact with others to attribute to a subject’s disease association. We apply this approach to synthetic and genetic datasets and learn that (1) the disease association can be captured using multiple disjoint sets of genetic interactions and (2) the feature transformation method based on NSPA improves predictive performance comparing with using the original genetic variables. Our findings confirm the role of genetic interaction in complex disease and provide a novel approach for gene–disease association studies to identify genetic architecture in the context of epistasis. Availability and implementation The codes of NSPA are now available in: https://github.com/MIB-Lab/Network-based-Subject-Portrait-Approach Contact ting.hu@queensu.ca Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Electromyography–Force Relation and Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity Affected by Spinal Cord Injury

A surface electromyography (EMG) analysis was performed in this study to examine central neural and peripheral muscle changes after a spinal cord injury (SCI). A linear electrode array was used to record surface EMG signals from the biceps brachii (BB) in 15 SCI subjects and 14 matched healthy control subjects as they performed elbow flexor isometric contractions from 10% to 80% maximum voluntary contraction. Muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) and BB EMG–force relation were examined. MFCV was found to be significantly slower in the SCI group than the control group, evident at all force levels. The BB EMG–force relation was well fit by quadratic functions in both groups. All healthy control EMG–force relations were best fit with positive quadratic coefficients. In contrast, the EMG–force relation in eight SCI subjects was best fit with negative quadratic coefficients, suggesting impaired EMG modulation at high forces. The alterations in MFCV and EMG–force relation after SCI suggest complex neuromuscular changes after SCI, including alterations in central neural drive and muscle properties.
Rotor Wake Vortex Definition using 3C-PIV Measurements - Corrected for Vortex Orientation

Three-component (3-C) particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements, within the wake across a rotor disk plane, are used to determine wake vortex definitions important for BVI (Blade Vortex Interaction) and broadband noise prediction. This study is part of the HART II test program conducted using a 40 percent scale BO-105 helicopter main rotor in the German-Dutch Wind Tunnel (DNW). In this paper, measurements are presented of the wake vortex field over the advancing side of the rotor operating at a typical descent landing condition. The orientations of the vortex (tube) axes are found to have non-zero tilt angles with respect to the chosen PIV measurement cut planes, often on the order of 45 degrees. Methods for determining the orientation of the vortex axis and reorienting the measured PIV velocity maps (by rotation/projection) are presented. One method utilizes the vortex core axial velocity component, the other utilizes the swirl velocity components. Key vortex parameters such as vortex core size, strength, and core velocity distribution characteristics are determined from the reoriented PIV velocity maps. The results are compared with those determined from velocity maps that are not corrected for orientation. Knowledge of magnitudes and directions of the vortex axial and swirl velocity components as a function of streamwise location provide a basis for insight into the vortex evolution.
Identifying the role of the local density of optical states in frequency conversion of light in a microcavity

We have reversibly switched the resonance of a GaAs-AlAs microcavity in the near-infrared near λ = 1300 nm within 300 fs by the electronic Kerr effect. We reveal by pump-probe spectroscopy a remarkable red shift or blue shift of the light confined inside the cavity for small pulse delays, depending on their temporal ordering. The color-converted light is efficiently generated in a broad frequency continuum that differs markedly from the instantaneous cavity resonance in terms of the central frequency and bandwidth. From observations on cavities with different quality factors, we identify the role of the local density of optical states (LDOS) available to the newly generated light frequencies. In particular, we distinguish the effect of the LDOS related to the cavity resonance itself, and the LDOS continuum that leaks in from the vacuum surrounding the cavity. Our new insights provide a unified picture for seemingly disparate results in traditional and nanophotonic nonlinear optics.
Easily Attach/Detach Reattachable EEG Headset with Candle-like Microneedle Electrodes

To expand the applications of the electroencephalogram (EEG), long-term measurement, a short installation time, and little stress on the participants are needed. In this study, we designed, fabricated, and evaluated an EEG headset with three candle-like microneedle electrodes (CMEs). The user is able to detach and reattach the electrodes, enabling long-term measurement with little stress. The design of the CMEs was experimentally determined by considering the skin-to-electrode impedance and user comfort. An EEG was successfully measured from areas with a high hair density without any preparation. The installation time was shorter than 60 s and the electrodes could be detached and reattached. The headset was designed such that the discomfort caused by its ear pads was higher than that caused by the electrodes. In 1 h experiments, the participants did not feel pain and the detachment of the CMEs was found to improve the comfort level of the participants in most cases. A successful demonstration of the long-term measurement of EEGs while watching a whole movie verified that the developed EEG headset with CMEs is applicable for EEG measurement in a variety of applications.
Stratification Symbols: Ethnographic Study of Ethnic at East Nusa Tenggara Indonesia

: Stratification is a systematic procedure for placing individuals according to their status and roles in order to carry out their duties and responsibilities as members of the community according to positions based on levels. To make it easy to know the status and role, each owner of the status and role is given an identification with a symbol. While the symbol itself becomes something that is multifunctional and multi-meaning which is always used by both individuals and groups as a medium of interaction. So that in the context of sociology it is known
Preoperative Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Differentiation Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound-Based Deep-Learning Radiomics Model

Objective Distinguishing the degree of differentiation, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has important clinical significance in the therapeutic decision-making and patient prognosis evaluation. Methods We developed a deep-learning radiomics (DLR) model based on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to evaluate the differentiation of HCC noninvasive. We retrospectively analyzed HCC patients who had undergone resection and CEUS one week preoperatively between November 2015 and August 2022. Enrolled patients were randomly divided into training (n=190) and testing (n=82) cohorts in a 7:3 ratio. The depth of learning and radiological characteristics reflecting the differentiation degree of HCC were extracted, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO) was used for feature selection to obtain the most valuable features and then build a DLR model based on the useful features. Results The deep-learning Radiomics model could accurately predict the degree of differentiation of HCC; the area under the curve of the DLR model in the training and testing cohorts was 0.969 and 0.932, respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the CEUS-based DLR model for predicting the differentiation of HCC were 0.915, 0.938, and 0.900, respectively, in the testing cohort. The decision curve analysis confirmed that the combined model predicted good overall net income for differentiation. Conclusion The CEUS-based DLR model provides an easy-to-use, visual, and personalized tool for predicting the differentiation of HCC and can help doctors formulate more favorable treatment plans for patients.
Long-Term Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Migraine in Adolescents. A Retrospective Analysis of the Population Attending the Headache Center in Different Phases of the Pandemic

Background: Literature data report that the first COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the progression of migraine both in adults and children. The present study aimed to verify how the migraine course and psychological aspects varied in adolescent patients in relation to some of the different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic and compared with the months before COVID-19. In addition, the relationship between the characteristics of headache episodes and psychological and school-related aspects were analyzed. Methods: The study included 418 adolescents. Based on the timing of the evaluation, they were categorized into patients observed before the COVID-19 pandemic (pre COVID) or during the first (COVID 1) or second (COVID 2) wave of the pandemic. Subjects were also categorized into three further groups: those who had high or low frequency of migraine attacks during the month, those who had mild or severe pain during the attack, and those who were taking prophylactic drugs. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales were utilized to assess depression and anxiety. Results: We observed a significant increase in the frequency of attacks and the use of prophylactic drugs during the COVID 2 period compared to the COVID 1 and pre-COVID periods (p < 0.05). Patients showed higher levels of anxiety and depression during each of the two COVID periods compared with the pre-COVID months (p < 0.05), especially during the COVID 2 period (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results show long-term negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical parameters and psychological symptoms in adolescents with migraine.
Pain-Pressure Threshold Changes throughout Repeated Assessments with No Sex Related Differences

Algometers are commonly used to measure the pain-pressure threshold (PPT) in various tissues, such as muscle, tendons, or fascia. However, to date, it is not clear if the repeated application of a PPT assessment can adjust the pain thresholds of the various muscles. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the repeated application of PPT tests (20 times) in the elbow flexor, knee extensor, and ankle plantar flexor muscles in both sexes. In total, 30 volunteers (15 females, 15 males) were tested for their PPT using an algometer on the respective muscles in random order. We found no significant difference in the PPT between the sexes. Moreover, there was an increase in the PPT in the elbow flexors and knee extensors, starting with the eighth and ninth assessments (out of 20), respectively, compared to the second assessment. Additionally, there was a tendency to change between the first assessment and all the other assessments. In addition, there was no clinically relevant change for the ankle plantar flexor muscles. Consequently, we can recommend that between two and a maximum of seven PPT assessments should be applied so as not to overestimate the PPT. This is important information for further studies, as well as for clinical applications.