Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hierarchically Distributed PCE for Flexible Multicast Traffic Engineering

The IPTV service, in which high-capacity content is broadcast from the IPTV server to a huge number of users, is becoming very popular. To establish an effective IPTV network, we need to minimize the cost of the IPTV multicast tree. That tree consists of a node, to which an IPTV server is connected, as the root node and other nodes, to which users are connected. In addition, we have to consider users who belong to multiple network domains. In this paper, we apply hierarchically distributed path computation elements (HDPCEs) to cooperatively create appropriate IPTV trees for multidomain users. Each HDPCE shares the burden of creating a multidomain multicast tree. Thus, we can reduce the computational burdens of creating a multicast tree. In addition, we enable choosing three different algorithms to create the cheapest multicast trees in individual domains. One of them is a new multiplex-aware-route- selection (MARS) algorithm. We evaluated the applicability of the three algorithms to various types of domains depending on network conditions.
Extracting Objects from Range and Radiance Images

In this paper, we present a pipeline and several key techniques necessary for editing a real scene captured with both cameras and laser range scanners. We develop automatic algorithms to segment the geometry from range images into distinct surfaces, register texture from radiance images with the geometry, and synthesize compact high-quality texture maps. The result is an object-level representation of the scene which can be rendered with modifications to structure via traditional rendering methods. The segmentation algorithm for geometry operates directly on the point cloud from multiple registered 3D range images instead of a reconstructed mesh. It is a top-down algorithm which recursively partitions a point set into two subsets using a pairwise similarity measure. The result is a binary tree with individual surfaces as leaves. Our image registration technique performs a very efficient search to automatically find the camera poses for arbitrary position and orientation relative to the geometry. Thus, we can take photographs from any location without precalibration between the scanner and the camera. The algorithms have been applied to large-scale real data. We demonstrate our ability to edit a captured scene by moving, inserting, and deleting objects.
The yielding of tensioned fine wires in the Ilizarov frame

Abstract The Ilizarov frame uses tensioned fine wires to support bone fragments. The objective of this study was to determine whether these wires deformed plastically under functional load bearing and to determine the significance of such deformation on the long-term performance of frames used for treating lower limb conditions. The mechanical characteristics of the wires were determined by means of destructive tensile tests and used in the construction of a series of finite element models replicating typical frame configurations. Each model was then subjected to a single load cycle representing a single step and the residual displacement (i.e. plastic deformation) was determined. In each case a residual displacement of between 0.26 and 0.42 mm was observed giving a corresponding reduction in wire tension of between 8.3 and 32.8 per cent. These reductions in wire tension reduce the frame's overall stiffness and so compromise its ability to inhibit high-amplitude axial and shear motions at the fracture site which are deleterious to the healing outcome.
Properties and Therapeutic Potential of Transient Receptor Potential Channels with Putative Roles in Adversity: Focus on TRPC5, TRPM2 and TRPA1

Mammals contain 28 genes encoding Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) proteins. The proteins assemble into cationic channels, often with calcium permeability. Important roles in physiology and disease have emerged and so there is interest in whether the channels might be suitable therapeutic drug targets. Here we review selected members of three subfamilies of mammalian TRP channel (TRPC5, TRPM2 and TRPA1) that show relevance to sensing of adversity by cells and biological systems. Summarized are the cellular and tissue distributions, general properties, endogenous modulators, protein partners, cellular and tissue functions, therapeutic potential, and pharmacology. TRPC5 is stimulated by receptor agonists and other factors that include lipids and metal ions; it heteromultimerises with other TRPC proteins and is involved in cell movement and anxiety control. TRPM2 is activated by hydrogen peroxide; it is implicated in stress-related inflammatory, vascular and neurodegenerative conditions. TRPA1 is stimulated by a wide range of irritants including mustard oil and nicotine but also, controversially, noxious cold and mechanical pressure; it is implicated in pain and inflammatory responses, including in the airways. The channels have in common that they show polymodal stimulation, have activities that are enhanced by redox factors, are permeable to calcium, and are facilitated by elevations of intracellular calcium. Developing inhibitors of the channels could lead to new agents for a variety of conditions: for example, suppressing unwanted tissue remodeling, inflammation, pain and anxiety, and addressing problems relating to asthma and stroke.
Effects of Transfer Distance on Spine Kinematics for De-palletizing Tasks

One approach to reducing lateral bending and twisting in manual lifting tasks is to separate the lift's origin and destination, thereby encouraging lifters to step and turn their entire bodies. The objective of the current study was to determine how the degree to which one laterally bends and twists changes with transfer distance and initial lift height. Eighteen males lifted 10.9 kg boxes from a conveyor 0.5 m, 0.9 m, and 1.3 m above the floor and placed the boxes on a conveyor . 50, . 75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, or 1.75 m away at a height of . 9 m. During picking, lateral bending and trunk extension velocities increased with increasing transfer distances. When placing the box, the degree of twisting decreased with increased transfer distance. In sum, when attempting to control the twisting and lateral bending during de-palletizing, the lift origin and destination should be separated by between 1 and 1.25 meters.
Confirmation of the Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Children's Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive in Clinic-Referred Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder.

OBJECTIVE The measurement of aggression in its different forms (e.g., physical and verbal) and functions (e.g., impulsive and instrumental) is given little attention in subjects with developmental disabilities (DD). In this study, we confirm the factor structure of the Children's Scale for Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive (C-SHARP) and demonstrate measurement invariance (consistent performance across clinical groups) between clinic-referred groups with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We also provide evidence of the construct validity of the C-SHARP. METHODS Caregivers provided C-SHARP, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and Proactive/Reactive Rating Scale (PRRS) ratings for 644 children, adolescents, and young adults 2-21 years of age. Five types of measurement invariance were evaluated within a confirmatory factor analytic framework. Associations among the C-SHARP, CBCL, and PRRS were explored. RESULTS The factor structure of the C-SHARP had a good fit to the data from both groups, and strict measurement invariance between ASD and non-ASD groups was demonstrated (i.e., equivalent structure, factor loadings, item intercepts and residuals, and latent variance/covariance between groups). The C-SHARP Problem Scale was more strongly associated with CBCL Externalizing than with CBCL Internalizing, supporting its construct validity. Subjects classified with the PRRS as both Reactive and Proactive had significantly higher C-SHARP Proactive Scores than those classified as Reactive only, who were rated significantly higher than those classified by the PRRS as Neither Reactive nor Proactive. A similar pattern was observed for the C-SHARP Reactive Score. CONCLUSIONS This study provided evidence of the validity of the C-SHARP through confirmation of its factor structure and its relationship with more established scales. The demonstration of measurement invariance demonstrates that differences in C-SHARP factor scores were the result of differences in the construct rather than to error or unmeasured/nuisance variables. These data suggest that the C-SHARP is useful for quantifying subtypes of aggressive behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults with DD.
Nondeterminism in stochastic modeling

This paper is devoted to the notion nondeterminism in general and particularly in stochastic modeling. It discusses how stochastic modeling formalisms can be mapped to a corresponding configuration graph which is convenient for the investigation of nondeterminism phenomena. Algorithms for mapping stochastic models onto configuration graphs are introduced, and two approaches ? well-specified check and weak bisimulation ? for eliminating nondeterminism are reviewed and related.
Bayesian methods for process identification with outliers

The problem of model identification in the presence of outliers has received great attention and a wide variety of outlier identification approaches have been proposed. Yet, there is a great need to seek for more general solutions and a unified framework to solving various practical problems. We propose to formulate the model identification problem under a robust unified framework consisting of consecutive levels of Bayesian inference. The proposed Bayesian inference scheme not only yields maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates of model parameters, but also provides an automated mechanism for determining hyperparameters of the model parameters' prior distributions and for investigating the quality of each data point. The effectiveness of the developed robust framework will be demonstrated on the simulated data-sets.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 2005 Mobile Process Landscaping by Example of Residential Trade and Industry

This case study describes the method of process landscaping by example of a project in which the business processes of a company from the residential trade and industry were analyzed regarding their mobile potential. This analysis was conducted with the aim to organize these processes more efficiently in order to realize cost savings. Therefore a verification was required, whether the use of mobility supporting technology is suitable to obtain this goal and which professional requirements such a solution needs to fulfil. For that purpose, it is shown how the initial situation was analyzed, which alternative solutions on the basis of mobility supporting technology were developed and how these alternatives were economically evaluated. Furthermore, it is shown how first restrictions for the software and system design were made on the basis of one alternative. The method of Mobile Process Landscaping refers to the stage of requirements engineering in the software process.
Enwildering the lab: merging field evaluation with in-lab experience sampling

While the Experience Sampling Method is considered the gold standard of in-situ measurement, researchers have highlighted its drawbacks, in disrupting participants' activities and providing limited insights to the remote researcher. We propose a mixed approach that combines field studies with systematic lab-based Experience Sampling in four steps: a) context exploration - identifying unexpected usage contexts through field studies that rely on passive life logging and ethnographic techniques, b) scenario synthesis - combining the insights into scenarios that will be tested in the lab, c) context reanimation - real life context is reanimated in a CAVE-like virtual environment b) systematic ESM probing - observer-triggered ESM is employed increase the researchers control over the moments of sampling.
Biologically Inspired Networking and Sensing: Algorithms and Architectures The Dendritic Cell Algorithm for Intrusion Detection

As one of the solutions to intrusion detection problems, Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) have shown their advantages. Unlike genetic algorithms, there is no one archetypal AIS, instead there are four major paradigms. Among them, the Dendritic Cell Algorithm (DCA) has produced promising results in various applications. The aim of this chapter is to demonstrate the potential for the DCA as a suitable candidate for intrusion detection problems. We review some of the commonly used AIS paradigms for intrusion detection problems and demonstrate the advantages of one particular algorithm, the DCA. In order to clearly describe the algorithm, the background to its development and a formal definition are given. In addition, improvements to the original DCA are presented and their implications are discussed, including previous work done on an online analysis component with segmentation and ongoing work on automated data preprocessing. Based on preliminary results, both improvements appear to be promising for online anomaly-based intrusion detection.
Cooperative positioning using range-only measurements between two AUVs

This paper presents a cooperative positioning system between two autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). Each AUV is equipped with some navigational sensors. However, AUVs with different tasks have different navigational capabilities. By introducing acoustic communication between AUVs, information from multiple AUVs can be fused to give a more accurate position estimates to AUVs with poorer navigational capabilities. We present results from a field trial where a lawnmower mission is executed by a survey AUV with poor navigational sensors while another AUV with higher positioning accuracy plays the role of a beacon AUV. The beacon AUV's task is to help improve the survey AUV's position accuracy by providing it regular range updates from various locations. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) was implemented to fuse the range information updates with the navigational sensor data on the survey AUV. We were able to avoid unbounded error growth in the position estimate of the survey AUV in our experiments through cooperative positioning between two AUVs using range-only measurements.
Using multiple visual tandem streams in audio-visual speech recognition

The method which is called the “tandem approach” in speech recognition has been shown to increase performance by using classifier posterior probabilities as observations in a hidden Markov model. We study the effect of using visual tandem features in audio-visual speech recognition using a novel setup which uses multiple classifiers to obtain multiple visual tandem features. We adopt the approach of multi-stream hidden Markov models where visual tandem features from two different classifiers are considered as additional streams in the model. It is shown in our experiments that using multiple visual tandem features improve the recognition accuracy in various noise conditions. In addition, in order to handle asynchrony between audio and visual observations, we employ coupled hidden Markov models and obtain improved performance as compared to the synchronous model.
Role of IRE1α/XBP-1 in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Inflammation

Cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary disease is characterized by chronic airway infection and inflammation. The infectious and inflamed CF airway environment impacts on the innate defense of airway epithelia and airway macrophages. The CF airway milieu induces an adaptation in these cells characterized by increased basal inflammation and a robust inflammatory response to inflammatory mediators. Recent studies have indicated that these responses depend on activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). This review discusses the contribution of airway epithelia and airway macrophages to CF airway inflammatory responses and specifically highlights the functional importance of the UPR pathway mediated by IRE1/XBP-1 in these processes. These findings suggest that targeting the IRE1/XBP-1 UPR pathway may be a therapeutic strategy for CF airway disease.
Temperature and thermo-optic coefficient measurements using optical fibre long period gratings operating at phase matching turning point

The response of optical fibre long period gratings (LPGs), fabricated with precise control of the grating period to operate at or near the phase matching turning point (PMTP), to temperature was studied. The effect of the grating period on sensor performance was studied. The sensitivity of the LPG operating at the phase matching turning point to temperature was 0.99 nm/°C for 111.5 μm grating period that is ca. 7 times higher than that of an LPG operating far from turning point. The possibility of using LPG sensors to determine the thermo-optic coefficient of the surrounding material was explored.
Interactional synchrony, positivity, and patient satisfaction in the physician-patient relationship.

A growing number of studies examining the therapeutic relationship attest to the importance of communicating positive affect and establishing rapport. As advances in the study of nonverbal communication revealed it to be an important source of affective information,1 increasingly more studies focused on the nonverbal components of the therapeutic relationship. Within the specific context of the physician-patient relationship, researchers have found that certain nonverbal behaviors such as smiling, nodding, high levels of eye contact, and forward trunk lean affect judges' ratings of the practitioners'interpersonal skills and rapport.2-5 Numerous researchers have posited a relationship between rapport and a form of nonverbal behavior termed interactional synchrony.6-8 Tickle-Degnen and Rosenthal8 have proposed a model of rapport that includes three essential components: mutual attentiveness, positivity, and coordination. First described by Condon and Ogston,9 interactional synchrony refers to the coordination of units of behavior by two or more persons and can be defined as "the degree to which the behaviors in an interaction are
Capacitated Network Design with Uncertain Demand

We consider a capacity-expansion problem arising in the design of telecommunication networks. The problem is to install capacity on links of the network so as to meet customer demand while minimizing total costs incurred. When studying this and related problems it is customary to assume that point-to-point demands are given. This will not bethe case in practice, however, since future demand is generally unknown and the decision must be based on uncertain forecasts. We develop a stochastic integer programming formulation of the problem and propose an L-shaped solution procedure based on well-known cutting-plane procedures for the deterministic problem. The algorithm was tested on two sets of real-life problem instances and we present results of our computational experiments.
MESH: distributed error recovery for multimedia streams in wide-area multicast networks

This paper addresses support for multi-party multimedia applications delivered across datagram wide-area networks such as the Internet. Our approach is to develop a novel retransmission protocol framework, MESH, that protects delay-sensitive multicast data streams against most network errors and delay variations. The MESH approach partitions the multicast group into subgroups, elects subgroup managers called active receivers, and localizes error recovery between active receivers. Novel features of our protocol include an explicit model for delay-sensitive retransmission, run-time evaluation at an active receiver to determine its retransmission partner, and the ability to handle multiple multicast data sources without building a per-source control framework. To evaluate the performance and network costs of MESH, a wide-area network simulation of digital video distribution is constructed and studied over a range of network loss rates. Simulation experiments show that both MESH and an alternative scheme, end-to-end forward error correction, provide excellent error control with MESH incurring significantly less network overhead.
Presentation on class II MHC molecules of endogenous lysozyme targeted to the endocytic pathway.

We compared the processing and presentation of the model Ag, hen-egg white lysozyme (HEL) expressed in C3.F6 APC as a fusion protein to three different acid hydrolases: cathepsin D, to an unglycosylated form of cathepsin D, and to pepsinogen. As expected from the biology of mannose 6-phosphate (Man-6-P)-containing enzyme, cathepsin D-HEL was delivered to the endosomal/lysosomal system. In contrast, the unglycosylated cathepsin D-HEL was retained in ER/Golgi and some was found in lysosomes. Most of pepsinogen-HEL was rapidly secreted from the APC. All transfectants presented HEL epitopes to T cell hybridomas. Regardless of the main route of traffic of the proteins, the strong I-Ak binding epitope HEL 48-62 was well presented by all. The biochemical forms of this epitope were identical for all. Three other epitopes of HEL that bind I-Ak with less affinity were processed equally well by unglycosylated cathepsin D-HEL and HEL-Ld. The glycosylated cathepsin D-HEL was less efficient in generating the 114-129 epitope. Pepsinogen-HEL was the less efficient of all transfectants in presenting these subdominant epitopes. Soluble cathepsin D-HEL recovered from culture supernatant was strongly immunogenic when added to C3.F6. The uptake was inhibited by free Man-6-P, indicating that the surface Man-6-P receptor can effectively deliver proteins to the class II MHC system.
Silindirik bir tüpün ekseni boyunca düşen bir küre etrafında non-Newtonian akışkanların akımı

Silindirik bir tupun ekseni boyunca dusen bir kure etrafinda non-Newtonian akiskanlarin akim modeli, kucuk taneciklerin bir non-Newtonian akiskan ortaminda cokelmesi probleminin akiskanlar mekanigi esaslarina gore simulasyonudur. Pratikte kucuk taneciklerin cokelme oraninin bilinmesi, gida maddeleri, temizlik malzemeleri ve benzerlerinin raf omru bakimindan ozellikle anlamlidir. Bu problem pratikte, kimyasal, genetik, biyomedikal ve diger endustriyel alanlardaki uygulamalarda onem tasimaktadir. Eldeki calismada bu problemi duzenleyen denklemler elde edilmek istenmis ve polimerik akiskanlarin viskoelastik ozelliklerine ait bazi onemli sonuclar bulunmustur.Gercekten, polimerik akiskanlarda, normal gerilme katsayilari ile karakterize edilen elastik davranis, genellestirilmis Newtonian akiskana oranla normal gerilmelerde bir artis meydana getirmekte, kayma gerilmeleri ise azalmaktadir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Non-Newtonian, CEF denklemi, kayma-orani, FEM.
Direct Adaptive Fuzzy Power System Stabilizer for a Multi-machine System

This paper presents a Direct adaptive Fuzzy technique as a Power System Stabilizer (DFPSS). The technique utilizes fuzzy systems directly as a controller that incorporates fuzzy control rules in the design of the control law. In direct adaptive control, the parameters of the controller are directly adjusted to reduce the norm of the output error that represents mismatch between the plant and the reference model. The main objective of the designed controller is to damp local and inter-area oscillations that normally occur following power system disturbance. The performance of the proposed technique is illustrated through simulation studies of a two-area four-machine system. The article also includes a performance comparison between DFPSS and a well-tuned conventional power system stabilizer (CPSS).