Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A new prospective of smart transformer application: Dual microgrid (DMG) operation

With the significant increase in renewable energy sources (RES) and storage elements, power distribution system needs new services for reliable and continuous operation. Smart transformer (ST) based on power electronics, control, and communication has been proposed for improving the performance of power system. However, operational capabilities and applications of ST with RES and energy storage in distribution system are still not explored in detail. In this paper, a new prospective of ST application, dual microgrid (DMG) operation, is proposed. In normal medium voltage (MV) grid operation, the ST supplies power to loads connected to its low voltage side and injects into the MV grid depending upon the available RES and load demand. During the voltage disturbances, the ST feeds power to the sensitive loads connected to the other feeders equipped with the conventional power transformers. In this case, the distribution loads are isolated from the MV utility grid. This ability of the smart transformer to isolate from the utility grid and provide continuous power to the sensitive loads of other feeders has potential to significantly improve the performance of power system as well as ST. With simulation results based on PSCAD/EMTDC software, this paper introduces for the first time an unexplored feature of the smart transformer.
A fully integrated multiband frequency synthesizer for WLAN and WiMAX applications

This paper presents a fractional N frequency synthesizer which covers WLAN and WiMAX frequencies on a single chip. The synthesizer is fully integrated in 0. 35µm BiCMOS AMS technology except crystal oscillator. The synthesizer operates at four frequency bands (3.101–3.352GHz, 3.379–3.727GHz, 3.7–4.2GHz, 4.5–5.321GHz) to provide the specifications of 802.16 and 802.11 a/b/g/y. A single on-chip LC — Gm based VCO is implemented as the core of this synthesizer. Different frequency bands are selected via capacitance switching and fine tuning is done using varactor for each of these bands. A bandgap reference circuit is implemented inside of this charge pump block to generate temperature and power supply independent reference currents. Simulated settling time is around 10µsec. Total power consumption is measured to be 118.6mW without pad driving output buffers from a 3.3V supply. The phase noise of the oscillator is lower than −116.4dbc/Hz for all bands. The circuit occupies 2.784 mm2 on Si substrate, including DC, Digital and RF pads.
[Gastric emptying disorders in diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE 1. To find out the prevalence of gastroperesis and of accelerated gastric emptying in long-standing and recently diagnosed diabetic patients. 2. and to determine the relationship between the percentage of gastric retention of the test meal to the gastric symptoms, degree of metabolic control, cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, and late diabetic complication. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the gastric emptying of technetium labeled digestible solid test meal in 81 diabetic patients (51 long-standing and 30 recently diagnosed diabetic patients) and in 44 healthy controls. Diabetic patients were divided roto 2 groups according to the type and duration of diabetes. All patients were evaluated for gastric symptoms, glycemic control, peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. RESULTS Delayed gastric emptying was found in 21 long-standing diabetic patients and in 3 recently diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Accelerated gastric emptying was found in 10 patients mainly recently diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. The rate of gastric emptying was related to CANP but not gastric symptoms or actual glycemic control. CONCLUSIONS 1. Diabetics gastroparesis is a common disorder affecting both type 1 and type 2 long-standing diabetes mellitus in about 40% usually in the setting of late diabetic complications and can be manifested in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2. Accelerated gastric emptying is another gastrointestinal disorder manifested in about 20% of recently diagnosed diabetic patients (maimy type 2) but can be present in long-standing diabetic patients. 3. The rate of gastric emptying is related to cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy but not to gastric symptoms or actual metabolic control.
Does Pretreatment With Statins Improve Clinical Outcome After Stroke?: A Pilot Case-Referent Study

Background and Purpose In primary and secondary prevention trials, statins have been shown to reduce the risk of stroke. In addition to lipid lowering, statins have a number of antiatherothrombotic and neuroprotective properties. In a preliminary observational study, we explored whether clinical outcome is improved in patients who are on treatment with statins when stroke occurs. Methods We conducted a population-based case-referent study of 25- to 74-year-old stroke patients with, for each case of a patient who was on statin treatment at the onset of stroke (n=125), 2 referent patients who were not treated with statins but were matched for age, gender, year of onset, and stroke subtype (n=250). Results The unadjusted odds ratio for early discharge to home (versus late discharge or death) was 1.41 (95% CI 0.91 to 2.17) when patients on statin treatment were compared with referent stroke patients not on statins. Prognostic factors were, in general, more unfavorable among patients on statins. When this was adjusted for in a logistic regression model, the use of statins was a moderately strong but statistically nonsignificant predictor of discharge to home (multiple-adjusted odds ratio 1.42, 95% CI 0.90 to 2.22). Conclusions The statistical power of this case-referent study was such that only large beneficial effects of statins in acute stroke could be confirmed. However, the observed trend, together with experimental observations, is interesting enough to warrant a more detailed analysis of the relationship between statins and stroke outcome.
An Ontological Model for Component Collaboration

We propose an ontology-based approach to model dynamic component systems. Component collabo - rations are described as the provision and consumption of typed resources. We are particularly interested in how the vocabularies used to describe component requirements and capabilities can be managed and used for the verification of assemblies. We discuss how this approach can be applied to improve real-world, industry-strength component models such as OSGi and Eclipse. ACM Classification: D.1. 5 Object-oriented Programming; D.2. 2 Design Tools and Techniques; D.2. 4 Software/Program Verification; D.2. 13 Reusable Software.
THE ADOLESCENT PRENATAL QUESTIONNAIRE: ASSESSING PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE TRANSITION TO MOTHERHOOD

The purpose of the study was to develop a psychometrically reliable and valid instrument that assesses psychosocial factors that influence transition to motherhood in first-time pregnant adolescents 15–18 years of age. The descriptive, correlational study tested the Adolescent Prenatal Questionnaire (APQ) in 145 unmarried first-time pregnant adolescents 15–18 years of age who planned to keep their infants. Factor analysis yielded an interpretable four-factor solution that accounted for 40% of the variance with adequate internal consistency estimates and test–retest correlations to merit further testing.
Robustness Analysis of Mobile Robot Velocity Estimation Using a Regular Polygonal Array of Optical Mice

Abstract This paper presents the robust localization of an omnidirectional mobile robot using a regular polygonal array of optical mice that are installed at the bottom of a mobile robot. First, the basic principle of the proposed localization scheme is explained. Second, the velocity kinematics from a mobile robot to an array of optical mice is derived as an overdetermined linear system. Third, for a given set of optical mouse readings, the least squares velocity estimation of a mobile robot is obtained as the simple average. Fourth, the robustness of the proposed least squares velocity estimation against measurement noise, partial malfunction, and imprecise installation is analyzed.
Developments in laser trabeculoplasty

Laser trabeculoplasty has an increasing important role in the management of glaucoma as more emphasis is placed on minimally invasive therapies. In recent years, the following laser trabeculoplasty technologies have been introduced: micropulse laser trabeculoplasty, titanium-sapphire laser trabeculoplasty and pattern scanning trabeculoplasty. These lasers help to reduce the intraocular pressure (IOP) and the burden of glaucoma medical therapy. Literature findings regarding the safety and efficacy of these newer forms of laser trabeculoplasty in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma is summarised. These relatively newer procedures appear to have similar efficacy when compared with the former selective laser trabeculoplasty or argon laser trabeculoplasty. In addition, they potentially offer a more favourable safety profile with fewer complications, including postlaser inflammation and IOP spikes. Further large-scale studies are necessary to evaluate the long-term benefits of these newer forms of laser trabeculoplasty. Their initial promising results offer patients with glaucoma additional treatment alternatives.
The deflation limb of the pressure-volume relationship in infants during high-frequency ventilation.

RATIONALE The importance of applying high-frequency oscillatory ventilation with a high lung volume strategy in infants is well established. Currently, a lack of reliable methods for assessing lung volume limits clinicians' ability to achieve the optimum volume range. OBJECTIVES To map the pressure-volume relationship of the lung during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in infants, to determine at what point ventilation is being applied clinically, and to describe the relationship between airway pressure, lung volume, and oxygenation. METHODS In 12 infants, a partial inflation limb and the deflation limb of the pressure-volume relationship were mapped using a quasi-static lung volume optimization maneuver. This involved stepwise airway pressure increments to total lung capacity, followed by decrements until the closing pressure of the lung was identified. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Lung volume and oxygen saturation were recorded at each airway pressure. Lung volume was measured using respiratory inductive plethysmography. A distinct deflation limb could be mapped in each infant. Overall, oxygenation and lung volume were improved by applying ventilation on the deflation limb. Maximal lung volume and oxygenation occurred on the deflation limb at a mean airway pressure of 3 and 5 cm H(2)O below the airway pressure approximating total lung capacity, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Using current ventilation strategies, all infants were being ventilated near the inflation limb. It is possible to delineate the deflation limb in infants receiving high-frequency oscillatory ventilation; in doing so, greater lung volume and oxygenation can be achieved, often at lower airway pressures.
Host Resistance to Listeria monocytogenes Infection Is Enhanced but Resistance to Staphylococcus aureus Infection Is Reduced in Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease in Mice

ABSTRACT Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is characterized by the production of high levels of T helper 1 (Th1)-type cytokines. Bone marrow transplantation from allogeneic C57BL/6 cells to CBF1 mice produced acute GVHD. Host resistance to Th1-driven Listeria monocytogenes was enhanced, whereas host resistance to Th2-driven Staphylococcus aureus was reduced during acute GVHD. These results suggest that opposite host responses are observed between Th1-driven and Th2-driven bacterial infections in acute GVHD.
Shipping noise field calibration via source inversion

There is significant evidence that the low-frequency mean acoustic noise pressure level in the ocean has been constantly increasing in the last decades. The main noise sources responsible for this increase were identified as ship traffic, offshore construction and oil & gas surveying. The Portuguese Navy funded SUBECO project aims at deploying a network of multiparametric offshore buoys for environmental and acoustic monitoring. A preferred location for the individual buoys is within or close by the ship traffic separation lanes along the west coast of Portugal. It is therefore expected that the received acoustic field will be dominated by shipping noise as a mixture of both short and long range ships. Most ships will have an AIS so their position may be known at all times. One of the objectives of this network is to use the recorded sound to infer and calibrate model predicted noise in a wider area. This work proposes a relatively simple technique for estimating the radiated noise level of ship tracks within acoustic reach of a single (or a small number of closely localized) hydrophone(s). It is expected that the data constrained predicted field with the estimated source levels will provide a better fit to the actual wide area acoustic field. This work is a contribution to fulfill the requirements of Portugal to the European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) aiming at a good environmental status.
The Pulmonary Immune Effects of Mechanical Ventilation in Patients Undergoing Thoracic Surgery

Mechanical ventilation (MV) may induce an inflammatory alveolar response. One-lung ventilation (OLV) with tidal volumes (Vt) as used during two-lung ventilation is a suggested algorithm but may impose mechanical stress of the dependent lung and potentially aggravate alveolar mediator release. We studied whether ventilation with different Vt modifies pulmonary immune function, hemodynamics, and gas exchange. Thirty-two patients undergoing open thoracic surgery were randomized to receive either MV with Vt = 10 mL/kg (n = 16) or Vt = 5 mL/kg (n = 16) adjusted to normal Paco2 during and after OLV. Fiberoptic bronchoalveolar lavage of the ventilated lung was performed, and cells, protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-&agr;, interleukin (IL)-8, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1, IL-10, and elastase were determined in the bronchoalveolar lavage. Data were analyzed by parametric or nonparametric tests, as indicated. In all patients, an increase of proinflammatory variables was found. The time courses of intra-alveolar cells, protein, albumin, IL-8, elastase, and IL-10 did not differ between the groups after OLV and postoperatively. TNF-&agr; (8.4 versus 5.0 &mgr;g/mL) and sICAM-1 (52.7 versus 27.5 &mgr;g/mL) concentrations were significantly smaller after OLV with Vt = 5 mL/kg. These results indicate that MV may induce epithelial damage and a proinflammatory response in the ventilated lung. Reduction of tidal volume during OLV may reduce alveolar concentrations of TNF-&agr; and of sICAM-1.
An Efficient Algorithm for Computing Optimal Discrete Voltage Schedules

We consider the problem of job scheduling on a variable voltage processor with d discrete voltage/speed levels. We give an algorithm which constructs a minimum energy schedule for n jobs in O(dnlogn) time. Previous approaches solve this problem by first computing the optimal continuous solution in O(n 3 ) time and then adjusting the speed to discrete levels. In our approach, the optimal discrete solution is characterized and computed directly from the inputs. We also show that O(n log n) time is required, hence the algorithm is optimal for fixed d.
Tiny Directory: Efficient Shared Memory in Many-Core Systems with Ultra-Low-Overhead Coherence Tracking

The sparse directory has emerged as a critical component for supporting the shared memory abstraction in multi-and many-core chip-multiprocessors. Recent research efforts have explored ways to reduce the number of entries in the sparse directory. These include tracking coherence of private regions at a coarse grain, not tracking blocks that belong to pages identified as private by the operating system (OS), and not tracking a subset of blocks that are speculated to be private by the hardware. These techniques require support for multi-grain coherence, assistance of OS, or broadcast-based recovery on sharing an untracked block that is wrongly speculated as private. In this paper, wedesign a robust minimally-sized sparse directory that can offer adequate performance while enjoying the simplicity, scalability, and OS-independence of traditional broadcast-free block-grain coherence. We begin our exploration with a naive design that does not have a sparse directory and the location/sharers of a block are tracked by borrowing a portion of the block's last-level cache (LLC) data way. Such a design, however, lengthens the critical path from two transactions to three transactions (two hops to three hops) for the blocks that experience frequent shared read accesses. We address this problem by architecting a tiny sparse directory that dynamically identifies and tracks a selected subset of the blocks that experience a large volume of shared accesses. We augment the tiny directory proposal with an option of selectively spilling into the LLC space for tracking the coherence of the critical shared blocks that the tiny directory fails to accommodate. Detailed simulation-based study on a 128-core system with a large set of multi-threaded applications spanning scientific, general-purpose, and commercial computing shows that our coherence tracking proposal operating with (1/32)x to (1/256)x sparse directories offers performance within a percentage of a traditional 2x sparse directory.
State-dependent ADC scheme for digitally isolated SMPC

This paper proposes a state-dependent Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) scheme for digitally isolated Switched Mode Power Converters (SMPCs). The SMPC voltage range is subdivided into three different regions corresponding to the three different states the SMPC can be in: steady state and the two transient states “undershoot” and “overshoot”. Each state uses a different, optimised ADC transfer function where the steady state region is sampled with higher resolution than the transient regions. This scheme reduces the number of bits to be transfered across the isolation barrier and therefore accommodates the use of data couplers with lower bandwidth or increased switching frequency.
Elevation of serum aminotransferase activity increases risk of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease

Background and Aim: Patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have an increased risk of atherosclerosis and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is associated with insulin resistance independently of metabolic factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether NAFLD patients with ALT elevation had a higher risk of carotid atherosclerosis.
Document Clustering for Event Identification and Trend Analysis in Market News

In this paper we have proposed a stock market analysis system that analyzes financial news items to identify and characterize major events that impact the market. The events have been identified using Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA) based topic extraction mechanism. The topic-document data is then clustered using kernel k means algorithm. The clusters are analyzed jointly with the SENSEX raw data to extract major events and their effects. The system has been implemented on capital market news about the Indian share market of the past three years.
Evaluation of multiple satellite rainfall products over the rugged topography of the Tekeze-Atbara basin in Ethiopia

ABSTRACT Satellite rainfall products are an important source of rainfall data in un-gauged catchments. However, these products need to be validated as their accuracy can be affected by geographical position, topography, climate and embedded algorithms. Eight satellite rainfall products such as African Rainfall Climatology (ARC2), Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations (CHIRPs), Global Precipitation Climatology Project GPCP), CPC Morphic technique (CMorph), Atmospheric Administration Climate Prediction Center (NOAA-CPC) merged analysis (CMap), Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN), African Rainfall Estimation Algorithm version 2 (RFEv2) and Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) were evaluated against ground observations over the complex topography of the upper Tekeze-Atbara basin in Ethiopia. The accuracy of the datasets was evaluated at different temporal and larger spatial scales over the period 2002–2015. The results show that the rainfall data of CHIRPS outperformed all other products at all temporal and spatial scales. Next to CHIRPS, estimates from RFEv2, 3B42v7, and PERSIANN products are closest to the measurements at rain gauges for all spatiotemporal scales: daily, monthly and seasonal, and both at point and spatial scales. The percentage bias (PBias) and correlation coefficient (r) of these products were within ±25% and >0.5 for all scales. The remaining products performed poorly with PBias up to 200% and lower r (<0.5) at all scales. However, the performance of all products improved as the temporal scale increased to month and season at all spatial scales. Compared to low altitudes <2000 m above sea level (m.a.s.l.), the PBias at high altitude (>3000 m.a.s.l.) increased by 35% whilst r dropped by 28%. CHIRPS and 3B42v7 products showed best agreement in mountainous terrains. However, all datasets show no consistency of the error sign. CMorph and 3B42v7 consistently overestimate rainfall relative to all rain gauges during the pixel-to-point rainfall comparison approach and at lowland areas during the areal averaged rainfall comparison. The other six products showed a clear underestimation at all spatial scales. In summary, the results show that rainfall estimates by CHIRPS, RFEv2 and 3B42v7 have a consistently better agreement with ground rainfall at all spatiotemporal scales. Considering the complex topography and limited gauges, the performance of CHIRPS, RFEv2 and 3B42v7 indicates that these products can be used for hydrological and overall water management applications in the region.
Three Immunoproteasome-Associated Subunits Cooperatively Generate a Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitope of Epstein-Barr Virus LMP2A by Overcoming Specific Structures Resistant to Epitope Liberation

ABSTRACT The precise roles of gamma interferon-inducible immunoproteasome-associated molecules in generation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes have yet to be fully elucidated. We describe here a unique epitope derived from the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) presented by HLA-A*2402 molecules. Generation of the epitope, designated LMP2A222-230, from the full-length protein requires the immunoproteasome subunit low-molecular-weight protein 7 (ip-LMP7) and the proteasome activator 28-α subunit and is accelerated by ip-LMP2, as revealed by gene expression experiments using an LMP2A222-230-specific CTL clone as a responder in enzyme-linked immunospot assays. The unequivocal involvement of all three components was confirmed by RNA interference gene silencing. Interestingly, the LMP2A222-230 epitope could be efficiently generated from incomplete EBV-LMP2A fragments that were produced by puromycin treatment or gene-engineered shortened EBV-LMP2A lacking some of its hydrophobic domains. In addition, epitope generation was increased by a single amino acid substitution from leucine to alanine immediately flanking the C terminus, this being predicted by a web-accessible program to increase the cleavage strength. Taken together, the data indicate that the generation of LMP2A222-230 is influenced not only by extrinsic factors such as immunoproteasomes but also by intrinsic factors such as the length of the EBV-LMP2A protein and proteasomal cleavage strength at specific positions in the source antigen.