Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Data-driven identification of vehicle dynamics using Koopman operator

This paper presents the results of identification of vehicle dynamics using the Koopman operator. The basic idea is to transform the state space of a nonlinear system (a car in our case) to a higher-dimensional space, using so-called basis functions, where the system dynamics is linear. The selection of basis functions is crucial and there is no general approach on how to select them, this paper gives some discussion on this topic. Two distinct approaches for selecting the basis functions are presented. The first approach, based on Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition, relies heavily on expert basis selection and is completely data-driven. The second approach utilizes the knowledge of the nonlinear dynamics, which is used to construct eigenfunctions of the Koopman operator which are known by definition to evolve linearly along the nonlinear system trajectory. The eigenfunctions are then used as basis functions for prediction. Each approach is presented with a numerical example and discussion on the feasibility of the approach for a nonlinear vehicle system.
Estimating Properties of Autoregressive Forecasts

Abstract Forecasting requires estimates of the error of prediction; however, such estimates for autoregressive forecasts depend nonlinearly on unknown parameters and distributions. Substitution estimators of mean squared error (MSE) possess bias that varies with the underlying model, and Gaussian-based prediction intervals fail if the data are not normally distributed. This article proposes methods that avoid these problems. A second-order Taylor expansion produces an estimator of MSE that is unbiased and leads to accurate prediction intervals for Gaussian data. Bootstrapping also suggests an estimator of MSE, but it is approximately the problematic substitution estimator. Bootstrapping also yields prediction intervals, however, whose coverages are invariant of the sampling distribution and asymptotically approach the nominal content. Parameter estimation increases the error in autoregressive forecasts. This additional error inflates one-step prediction mean squared error (PMSE) by a factor of 1 + p/T, wh.
A review of research on vehicle exhaust dispersion model based on CFD simulation technology

CFD, comprising multiple types of softwares, involves complex technological theories and is used to solve profound issues with a huge amount of calculation. Given the complexity and profundity, this study selects Fluent, OpenFOAM and Star-CCM+ as representatives to review the application of the CFD simulation technology in the vehicle exhaust dispersion models. Fluent, a commercial CFD software, started relatively early and has so far been the most widely used in the field of motor vehicle exhaust dispersion research; OpenFOAM, is open source and has a large number of models and algorithms. Apart from supporting pure model research, OpenFOAM has broad application prospects in coupling with the mesoscale model WRF to improve the accuracy of pollutant dispersion simulation; Star-CCM+, less applied in the research field of vehicle exhaust dispersion, focuses more on vehicle air conditioning system, vehicle radiator, refueling, vehicle aerodynamic noise source simulation and other related fields. The research provides theoretical basis and scientific reference for the application of CFD in the field of urban block-scale air quality research. In the future, with the rapid development of computer technology and the introduction of new theories and intelligent algorithms, CFD technology is very likely to achieve new breakthroughs and continue to enjoy even wider application in the research of motor vehicle exhaust dispersion.
Analysis of vertical axis wind turbine blade for off-shore applications

In this work, static and dynamic analyses are carried out on VAWT blade using analytical and numerical methods to figure out reasons behind the failure in the blade for off-shore applications arising due to turbulence of wind. The design flaws and different operating conditions play major role in failure of blades. Fatigue life cycles, natural frequencies of blade in different modes and turbine harmonic frequency have been calculated analytically using Goodman’s and vibration analysis theories respectively. In analysis, life cycles, natural frequencies and mode shapes for VAWT blade are studied. Analytical and numerical results have been compared, life cycles and frequencies are determined. The numerical results showed good agreement with theoretical concepts.
Quantization of classical curves

We discuss the relation between quantum curves (defined as solutions of equation $[P,Q]=\hbar$, where $P,Q$ are ordinary differential operators) and classical curves. We illustrate this relation for the case of quantum curve that corresponds to the $(p,q)$-minimal model coupled to 2D gravity.
The Torsion–Inversion Energy Levels in theS1(n, π*) Electronic State of Acetaldehyde from High-Resolution Jet-Cooled Fluorescence Excitation Spectroscopy

Abstract The laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectrum (LIF) of acetaldehyde that results from the emission from the S 1 ( n , π*) electronic state has been observed under very high resolution with a CW pulse-amplified laser under jet-cooled conditions. The origins of seven bands were determined by rotational analyses with a rigid-rotor Hamiltonian. The origins were fitted to a set of levels that were obtained from a Hamiltonian that employed flexible torsion–wagging large amplitude coordinates. The potential surface derived from the fitting procedure yielded barriers to torsion and inversion of 721.43 and 585.13 cm −1 , respectively. Minima in the potential hypersurface at θ = 58.6° and α = 35.7° defined the corresponding equilibrium positions for the torsion and wagging coordinates.
Exploratory Analysis of Pursue-Withdraw Patterns, Attachment, and Gender among Couples in Emotionally Focused Therapy

Abstract Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) is an empirically supported treatment for couples experiencing relationship distress. EFT therapists use the pursue-withdraw cycle to track and attend to couples’ patterns of interaction and attachment behaviors. However, the relationships between pursue-withdraw categorization and gender and attachment in clinical couples are underexplored. We examined the theoretical mechanisms associated with these relationships and analyzed data from an RCT evaluating EFT’s effectiveness addressing couples’ relationship satisfaction and depression. Our analysis indicated that study therapists categorized all men as withdrawers and women as pursuers. Conversely, the relationship between attachment and pursue-withdraw categorization was non-significant. Clinical implications are discussed.
Compression of local slant stacks by the estimation of multiple local slopes and the matching pursuit decomposition

ABSTRACTBecause local slant stacking increases the data dimension in beam migration, the volume of local slant stacks can be enormous and can obstruct efficient data processing. In addition, a proper beam compression algorithm can reduce the computation of ray tracing and beam mapping. Thus, compressing the local slant stacks with high fidelity can improve the efficiency of beam migration. A new approach is proposed to efficiently compress the local slant stacks. This approach combines the estimation of multiple local slopes based on the structure tensor to reduce the number of slopes, and the sparse representation for the slant stacked data via the matching pursuit decomposition to reduce the number of temporal samples. Furthermore, a new algorithm to estimate multiple local slopes based on the second-order structure tensor is proposed to handle the intersecting events efficiently. Several data examples indicated that the new compression algorithm required much less storage. Meanwhile, the new algorithm .
Clinical evaluation of Laser-Assisted New Attachment Procedure® (LANAP®) surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a retrospective case series of 1-year results in 22 consecutive patients

Purpose Treatment for periodontitis has evolved over the years as new technologies have become available. Currently, lasers seem attractive as a treatment modality, but their effectiveness needs to be verified. The purpose of this project was to evaluate Laser Assisted New Attachment Procedure® (LANAP®) surgery as a single treatment modality. Methods As part of a mandatory training program for periodontists and other dentists, 22 consecutive patients diagnosed with moderate to severe periodontitis (probing depth [PD] up to 11 mm) were treated with the LANAP® surgical approach using a 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser as part of a multi-step protocol. Following single-session active therapy, they were entered into a maintenance program. Their clinical status was re-evaluated at 12–18 months following surgery. Results All 22 patients completed the 12- to 18-month follow-up. PD, clinical attachment level, and furcation (FURC) showed substantial improvement. Recession was minimal (mean, 0.1 mm), while 93.5% of PD measurements were 3 mm or less at re-evaluation. Furthermore, 40% of grade 2 FURC closed clinically. Conclusions Within the limits of this case series, LANAP® was found to be an effective, minimally invasive, laser surgical therapy for moderate to advanced periodontitis.
Engineered potentials in ultracold Bose-Einstein condensates

Title of dissertation: ENGINEERED POTENTIALS IN ULTRACOLD BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES Daniel Lawrence Campbell, Doctor of Philosophy, 2015 Dissertation directed by: Dr. Ian Spielman University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are a recent addition to the portfolio of quantum materials some of which have profound commercial and military applications e.g., superconductors, superfluids and light emitting diodes. BECs exist in the lowest motional modes of a trap and have the lowest temperatures achieved by mankind. With full control over the shape of the trap the experimentalist may explore an extremely diverse set of Hamiltonians which may be altered midexperiment. These properties are particularly suited for realizing novel quantum systems. This thesis explores interaction-driven domain formation and the subsequent domain coarsening for two immiscible BEC components. Because quantum coherences associated with interactions in BECs can be derived from low energy scattering theory we compare our experimental results to both a careful simulation (performed by Brandon Anderson) and an analytical prediction. This result very carefully explores the question of how a metastable system relaxes at the extreme limit of low temperature. We also explore spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of a BEC which links the linear and discrete momentum transferable by two counterpropagating “Raman” lasers that resonantly couple the ground electronic states of our BECs. SOC is used similarly in condensed matter systems to describe coupling between charge carrier spin and crystal momentum and is a necessary component of the quantum spin Hall effect and topological insulators. SOC links the linear and discrete momentum transferable by two counterpropagating “Raman” lasers and a subset of the ground electronic states of our BEC. The phases of an effective 2-spin component spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in a spin-1 BEC are described in Lin et al. (2011). We measure the phase transition between two phases of a spin-1 BEC with SOC which cannot be mimicked by a spin-1/2 system. The order parameter that describes transitions between these two phases is insensitive to magnetic field fluctuations. I also describe a realistic implementation of Rashba SOC. This type of SOC is expected to exhibit novel many-body phases [Stanescu et al. 2008, Sedrakyan et al. 2012, Hu et al. 2011]. ENGINEERED POTENTIALS IN ULTRACOLD BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES by Daniel L Campbell Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2015 Advisory Committee: Dr. Ian Spielman, Advisor Professor Steven Rolston, Chair Professor Mohammad Hafezi Professor Amy Mullin Dr. Trey Porto Contact Information: Ian Spielman Daniel Campbell dlcamp@umd.edu; Ph.585-729-1745
Bunyaviruses Affect Growth, Sporulation, and Elicitin Production in Phytophthora cactorum

Phytophthora cactorum is an important oomycetous plant pathogen with numerous host plant species, including garden strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and silver birch (Betula pendula). P. cactorum also hosts mycoviruses, but their phenotypic effects on the host oomycete have not been studied earlier. In the present study, we tested polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced water stress for virus curing and created an isogenic virus-free isolate for testing viral effects in pair with the original isolate. Phytophthora cactorum bunya-like viruses 1 and 2 (PcBV1 & 2) significantly reduced hyphal growth of the P. cactorum host isolate, as well as sporangia production and size. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed an increase in the production of elicitins due to bunyavirus infection. However, the presence of bunyaviruses did not seem to alter the pathogenicity of P. cactorum. Virus transmission through anastomosis was unsuccessful in vitro.
Dapagliflozin Protection against Myocardial Ischemia by Modulating Sodium-glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitor, Silent Information Regulator 1, and Fatty Acid Synthase Expressions

BACKGROUND: The emerging role of sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors drugs as potential therapeutic agents in myocardial ischemic (MI) injury treatment has raised the concern for possible mechanisms of action. AIM: The current experimental study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of dapagliflozin (DAPA) a SGLT2i, on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced MI in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were divided randomly and equally into three groups. Group 1 (control group): Received 1.0 mL of normal saline through an orogastric tube for 14 days. Group 2 (ISO group): Received 1.0 mL of normal saline orally through an orogastric tube for 14 days. In the last 2 days (days 13 and 14), ISO (100 mg/kg) was freshly dissolved in normal saline and injected subcutaneously once daily. Group 3 (ISO + DAPA-treated group): Received DAPA 1.0 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days. In the last 2 days (days 13 and 14), ISO (100 mg/kg) was introduced like that described in Group 2. RESULTS: DAPA protects MI development by reversal of blood pressure changes, electrocardiographic alterations, stabilization of cardiac enzymes, inflammation restoration, oxidative stress, and lipid profile. SGLT2 was overexpressed in the ISO-induced MI, which declined in the ISO + DAPA group. Moreover, DAPA induced silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1)/fatty acid synthase (FASN) overexpression in ISO-induced MI. DAPA could have a potential protective role against acute MI. CONCLUSION: DAPA protects against acute MI by modulating SIRT1 and FASN expression in cardiac muscles, suppressing oxidative stress, and downregulating inflammatory mediators.
Quadruply-graded colored homology of knots

We conjecture the existence of four independent gradings in colored HOMFLYPT homology, and make qualitative predictions of various interesting structures and symmetries in the colored homology of arbitrary knots. We propose an explicit conjectural description for the rectangular colored homology of torus knots, and identify the new gradings in this context. While some of these structures have a natural interpretation in the physical realization of knot homologies based on counting supersymmetric configurations (BPS states, instantons, and vortices), others are completely new. They suggest new geometric and physical realizations of colored HOMFLYPT homology as the Hochschild homology of the category of branes in a Landau–Ginzburg B-model or, equivalently, in the mirror A-model. Supergroups and supermanifolds are surprisingly ubiquitous in all aspects of this work.
Effects of intensive trauma-focused treatment of individuals with both post-traumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder

ABSTRACT Background: Research indicates that intensive trauma-focused therapy can be effective in alleviating symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, these studies have relied on self-report of BPD symptoms and follow-up data are scarce. Objective: The purpose of this feasibility study was to determine the effects of an intensive trauma-focused treatment programme on the severity of PTSD and BPD symptoms and the diagnostic status up to a 12-month follow-up. Methods: A total of 45 (60% female) individuals meeting the diagnostic criteria of both PTSD and BPD participated in an intensive eight-day trauma-focused treatment programme which combined prolonged exposure and EMDR therapy in an inpatient treatment setting. Severity of PTSD and BPD symptoms were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 6 months, and 12 months after treatment (CAPS-5, BPDSI-IV). Diagnostic status was determined using clinical interviews (CAPS-5 and SCID-5-P) at pre-treatment and 12-month follow-up. Results: Of all participants, 93.3% had been exposed to physical abuse, and 71.1% to sexual abuse prior to the age of 12 years. PTSD and BPD symptom severity significantly decreased from pre- to post-treatment (Cohen's ds: 1.58 and 0.98, respectively), and these results were maintained at 6- (ds: 1.20 and 1.01) and 12-month follow-up (ds: 1.53 and 1.36). Based upon CAPS-5, 69.2% no longer met the diagnostic criteria of PTSD at 12-month follow-up, while according to the SCID-5-P 73.1% no longer fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of BPD at that time. No significant worsening of symptoms occurred. Conclusion: The findings of this study, which is the first to examine the effects of psychotherapeutic treatment of PTSD on the presence of a borderline personality disorder one year after treatment, add support to the notion that a brief intensive trauma-focused treatment can be a valuable option for individuals suffering from both PTSD and BPD. HIGHLIGHTS Investigated the effects of trauma-focused treatment on BPD. First study that evaluated the status of BPD diagnosis one year after treatment. Trauma-focused treatment proved to be a feasible and safe treatment for patients diagnosed with both PTSD and BPD.
Inversion of Andersen Cascade Impactor Data using the Maximum Entropy Method

The problem of the Andersen cascade impactor data inversion is studied using the maximum entropy method to recover the particle size distribution function from a set of measured masses collected on the impactor stages. The classical entropy maximization and its modification to accommodate data errors are reviewed using the techniques of convex optimization. Numerical experiments were performed to test the method on several unimodal and multimodal distributions commonly observed in practice. The Maximum Entropy Method for data inversion produced excellent agreement between the recovered and test Particle Size Distribution Functions without the need for a priori assumptions.
Helical Spin Arrangement in Cubic FeGe

The magnetic properties of single crystals of the cubic B20 modification of the metallic compound FeGe have been investigated by means of a vibrating-sample magnetometer and a torsion balance. Transition to an ordered spin structure occurs at 280 K. Magnetization curves below this temperature shown an almost linear field dependence for the [100], [111] directions with a field of about 2 kOe required for saturation at low temperatures, indicating a small magnetocrystalline energy compared to the exchange energy. The saturation moment as extrapolated to zero Kelvin corresponds to 1. 0μB. A model with the spins forming a helical screw propagating in the [111] direction at zero field is proposed to explain the observed magnetic properties.
Parameterization of the Radiative Properties of Clouds

Abstract Reflection, transmission and absorption of solar radiation by four cloud types (low cloud, middle cloud, high cloud and stratus) are computed as functions of the solar zenith angle and cloud liquid water/ice content. The reflection, transmission and emission of infrared radiation by cirrus clouds are calculated as functions of the cloud ice content. The plane-parallel radiative transfer program employed is based on the discrete-ordinate method with applications to inhomogeneous atmospheres covering the entire solar and infrared spectra and taking into account the gaseous absorption in scattering atmospheres. The resulting values of the solar radiative properties of clouds are fitted with known mathematical functions involving the solar zenith angle and cloud liquid water/ice content as variables. Effects of the atmospheric profile are discussed and the effects of surface reflectivity on the solar radiative properties of clouds are parameterized in terms of the water vapor absorbtivity below the c.
Tax planning and financial performance of insurance companies in Ghana: the moderating role of corporate governance

Abstract The insurance industry is a contributor to gross domestic product (GDP) in the Ghanaian economy and, thus, effort at improving its financial soundness through tax planning (TP) could enhance its level of GDP contribution. Previous studies on TP have been conducted mainly among the non-financial firms, with few on banks. This study turns the attention of TP towards the insurance industry, which has been a good source of fund mobilization in the country. Within the systems panel dynamic generalized method of moments (GMM) framework, the study examined the moderating impact of corporate governance (CG) on the relationship between TP and the performance of insurance companies in Ghana. The study employs the causal design to examine the extent and nature of the cause-and-effect relationship between the quantitative variables used. The data comprised of 117 observations from 35 Ghanaian Insurance firms over the 2012–2017 period. The study found evidence of a non-linear relationship between tax planning measured by effective tax rate (ETR) and the performance of insurance companies measured by return on equity (ROE) and return on asset (ROA). Moreover, the study found that CG moderated the relationship between TP and the performance of insurance companies. The study recommends that managers of insurance companies intensify the CG measures to help mitigate the agency conflict and associated costs between management and shareholders.
Bose-Einstein condensation

The ‘‘New Problems’’ department presents interesting, novel problems for use in undergraduate physics courses beyond the introductory level. We will publish worked problems that convey the excitement and interest of current developments in physics and that are useful for teaching courses such as Classical Mechanics, Electricity and Magnetism, Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Modern Physics, or Quantum Mechanics. We challenge physicists everywhere to create problems that show how their various branches of physics use the central, unifying ideas of physics to advance physical understanding. We want these problems to become an important source of ideas and information for students of physics. This project is supported by the Physics Division of the National Science Foundation. Submit materials to Charles H. Holbrow, Editor.