Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Historical Aspect of Load-Modulated Balanced Amplifiers

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and considerations associated with the design, implementation, and optimization of Load Modulated Balanced Amplifiers (LMBAs). Various research trends, all directed toward enhancing the benefits of the LMBA scheme and addressing its inherent limitations, are outlined. The initial focus is on maximizing efficiency and/or linearity, leveraging different techniques. Another noteworthy trend involves expanding the bandwidth of the LMBA architecture, a topic extensively covered in numerous papers. The other section delves into the most notable advancements in doherty power amplifier (DPA) and comparison with LMBAs. However, there’s still a need for new load-modulation power amplifier designs that can simultaneously maximize efficiency over extended power back-off and a broad frequency range. In essence, this review underscores the ongoing need for innovation in LMBAs design to meet the evolving requirements of 5G/6G communication systems.
Transcriptome Analysis of Brain and Skin Reveals Immune Responses to Acute Hypoxia and Reoxygenation in Pseudobagrus ussuriensis

Simple Summary Pseudobagrus ussuriensis is a high-value fish species widely distributed in various river basins across China. Its benthic lifestyle and lack of scales make its skin susceptible to damage, leading to diseases and mortality. Hypoxia represents a significant factor affecting fish health, whether in captive environments or natural water bodies. Exposure to low oxygen levels can result in various adverse effects, including causing an immune response in fish. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the differential immune responses of distinct tissues to acute hypoxia and reoxygenation by analyzing the histophysiological and transcriptional changes in the brain and skin of P. ussuriensis. Our findings revealed that both the brain and skin exhibited immune responses to hypoxia, which persisted even after reoxygenation. However, it was observed that the overall immune response intensity in the brain was lower than that in the skin. This research provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of P. ussuriensis to hypoxia stress. Abstract Pseudobagrus ussuriensis is an unscaled fish that is more susceptible to skin damage than scaled fish. To investigate the impacts of hypoxia and reoxygenation on skin and brain immunity, juvenile P. ussuriensis were subjected to hypoxia conditions (DO: 0.8 ± 0.05 mg/L) for durations of 0, 3, 6, and 12 h, followed by 12 h of reoxygenation (DO > 6 mg/L). Histological analysis showed a significant increase in the number of skin mucosal cells after 12 h of hypoxia and a significant decrease after 12 h of reoxygenation when compared to the control group. As the duration of hypoxia increased, an increase in antioxidant (SOD, CAT, GSH, MDA) and immune (cortisol, LZM) physiological parameters of the skin and brain appeared. The results of transcriptomic studies showed that the number of differential genes was greater in skin than in brain. Most of the immune pathways in both tissues under hypoxia conditions were all nonspecific immunity (TNF, IL-17, chemokines), while both tissues maintained their homeostasis through active energy supply and cell cycle regulation. Meanwhile, both physiological parameters and RNA transcriptome results showed that 12 h of reoxygenation could not completely eliminate the negative effects of 12 h of hypoxia. This study offers new insights into the immune responses of P. ussuriensis skin and brain during acute hypoxia and reoxygenation.
Mutational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 ORF6-KPNA2 binding interface and identification of potent small molecule inhibitors to recuse the host immune system

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surfaced on 31 December, 2019, and was identified as the causative agent of the global COVID-19 pandemic, leading to a pneumonia-like disease. One of its accessory proteins, ORF6, has been found to play a critical role in immune evasion by interacting with KPNA2 to antagonize IFN signaling and production pathways, resulting in the inhibition of IRF3 and STAT1 nuclear translocation. Since various mutations have been observed in ORF6, therefore, a comparative binding, biophysical, and structural analysis was used to reveal how these mutations affect the virus’s ability to evade the human immune system. Among the identified mutations, the V9F, V24A, W27L, and I33T, were found to have a highly destabilizing effect on the protein structure of ORF6. Additionally, the molecular docking analysis of wildtype and mutant ORF6 and KPNA2 revealed the docking score of - 53.72 kcal/mol for wildtype while, -267.90 kcal/mol, -258.41kcal/mol, -254.51 kcal/mol and -268.79 kcal/mol for V9F, V24A, W27L, and I33T respectively. As compared to the wildtype the V9F showed a stronger binding affinity with KPNA2 which is further verified by the binding free energy (-42.28 kcal/mol) calculation. Furthermore, to halt the binding interface of the ORF6-KPNA2 complex, we used a computational molecular search of potential natural products. A multi-step virtual screening of the African natural database identified the top 5 compounds with best docking scores of -6.40 kcal/mol, -6.10 kcal/mol, -6.09 kcal/mol, -6.06 kcal/mol, and -6.03 kcal/mol for tophit1-5 respectively. Subsequent all-atoms simulations of these top hits revealed consistent dynamics, indicating their stability and their potential to interact effectively with the interface residues. In conclusion, our study represents the first attempt to establish a foundation for understanding the heightened infectivity of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and provides a strong impetus for the development of novel drugs against them.
Research on Bubble Detection Based on Improved YOLOv8n

Bubble detection has important applications in industries such as tightness testing, fluid measurement, healthcare, and chemical engineering. Due to the fact that bubbles belong to small targets with characteristics such as reflection and shadows, they have fewer available features and are highly susceptible to environmental interference, which makes it difficult for detection models to accurately locate and recognize the bubbles. Aiming at these problems, an improved YOLOv8n for bubble detection is proposed. Firstly, the deformable convolution network (DCN) is used in the Backbone module to take place of the original C2f module, which enables the model to have stronger feature extraction and adaptive generalization capabilities for small targets with different deformations. Then the global attention mechanism (GAM) is introduced into Neck network to locally enhance the channels or regions of interest, which is beneficial for capturing the important features of targets, especially small targets like bubbles. Finally, the loss function is improved so that boundary box regression and target detection become more accurate. Experiments are conducted on the bubble dataset, and the results indicate the mean average precision (mAP) of the improved algorithm reaches 97.4%, increasing by 2.2% compared to the original YOLOv8n.This shows the proposed method has better comprehensive performance on bubble detection.
Effect of milk fat globules on growth and metabolism in rats fed an unbalanced diet

We assessed the effects of supplementing milk fat globules (MFG) on the growth and development of the skeleton in rats fed a Western unbalanced diet (UBD). The UBD is high in sugar and fat, low in protein, fiber, and micronutrients, and negatively impacts health. The MFG—a complex lipid-protein assembly secreted into milk—has a unique structure and composition, which differs significantly from isolated and processed dietary ingredients. Rats consuming the UBD exhibited growth retardation and disrupted bone structural and mechanical parameters; these were improved by supplementation with small MFG. The addition of small MFG increased the efficiency of protein utilization for growth, and improved trabecular and cortical bone parameters. Furthermore, consumption of UBD led to a decreased concentration of saturated fatty acids and increased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly omega-6 PUFA, in the serum, liver, and adipose tissue. The addition of small MFG restored PUFA concentration and the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 PUFA in bone marrow and adipose tissue. Finally, large but not small MFG supplementation affected the cecal microbiome in rats. Overall, our results suggest that natural structure MFG supplementation can improve metabolism and bone development in rats fed an UBD, with the effects depending on MFG size. Moreover, the benefits of small MFG to bone development and metabolism were not mediated by the microbiome, as the detrimental effects of an UBD on the microbiome were not mitigated by MFG supplementation.
Role of Organizational Culture in Improving Employee Psychological Ownership

The current investigation aimed to examine the impact of organizational culture (OC) on the psychological ownership of healthcare employees. The case of the health sector in Pakistan was chosen. This study employed the dimensional Denison (2000) model of OC possessing the characteristics of involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission, while the construct of psychological ownership is drawn from the work of Pierce, Kostova, and Dirks (2003). The primary data were collected through a questionnaire from 324 doctors and nurses, male and female, belonging to both public and private hospitals. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 22.0, and the correlation and multiple regression techniques were adopted. Findings show that involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission explained 73% of healthcare employees' psychological ownership variance. All four dimensions of OC variables, including involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission, were found to possess strong statistically significant relationships and moderate effects on employee psychological ownership.
Modeling Coverage Error in Address Lists Due to Geocoding Error: The Impact on Survey Operations and Sampling

Survey research organizations have been researching the use of extracts of the United States Postal Service delivery sequence file (DSF) as a replacement for traditional listing. Due to software limitations, individual housing units (HUs) on the DSF are sometimes errantly geocoded which can influence coverage properties of selected segments. NORC undertook a national listing effort in 2011 to augment the DSF in areas known to have limited coverage, such as rural areas and areas with new construction. We used an “enhanced” listing method, where the lister, using a handheld device, verifies and edits the DSF list geocoded to a designated segment. One benefit of enhanced listing is the ability to capture the geographic coordinates of each HU, thus providing data to further explore the nature of DSF coverage. We focus on a selection of rural and urban segments from the national listing effort. For addresses on the DSF but not found by the lister, we use logistic regression to model the likelihood of address-level geocoding error using DSF flags and census data from 2010. We also build an autologistic model (Besag, 1972) to account for spatially dependent data by incorporating spatial autocorrelation. Results indicate geocoding error occurrences are spatially dependent, and the probability of geocoding error is related to address characteristics such as drop delivery and address type as well as rural block characteristics including geographic area. Our model also demonstrates that low block-level DSF coverage is associated with geocoding error. Understanding the correlates of geocoding error in the DSF will increase listing efficiency and frame quality by allowing the identification of areas with the most limited DSF coverage that will require listing for sampling frame construction.
Characterization of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells responses in the mixed lymphocyte reaction by flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing

Background The Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction (MLR) consists in the allogeneic co-culture of monocytes derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) with T cells from another donor. This in vitro assay is largely used for the assessment of immunotherapy compounds. Nevertheless, the phenotypic changes associated with lymphocyte responsiveness under MLR have never been thoroughly evaluated. Methods Here, we used multiplex cytokine and chemokine assays, multiparametric flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing to deeply characterize T cells activation and function in the context of CD4+- and CD8+-specific MLR kinetics. Results We showed that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in MLR share common classical markers of response such as polyfunctionality, increased proliferation and CD25 expression but differ in their kinetics and amplitude of activation as well as their patterns of cytokines secretion and immune checkpoints expression. The analysis of immunoreactive Ki-67+CD25+ T cells identified PBK, LRR1 and MYO1G as new potential markers of MLR response. Using cell-cell communication network inference and pathway analysis on single cell RNA sequencing data, we also highlighted key components of the immunological synapse occurring between T cells and the stimulatory MoDCs together with downstream signaling pathways involved in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells activation. Conclusion These results provide a deep understanding of the kinetics of the MLR assay for CD4+ or CD8+ T cells and may allow to better characterize compounds impacting MLR and eventually identify new strategies for immunotherapy in cancer.
Adapting to Climate Change Through Tile Drainage: A Structural Ricardian Analysis

This paper provides the first estimates of the effects of climate change on agriculture while explicitly modeling tile drainage. We show in a simple conceptual model that the value of precipitation should differ between drained and non-drained land, implying that pooling these lands could bias estimates of the effects of climate change on land values. We test this hypothesis by estimating a Structural Ricardian model for U.S. counties east of the 100th meridian. Consistent with our theoretical model, our estimates show that the value of precipitation is higher on non-drained lands.
Tracheids vs. Tree Rings as Proxies for Dendroclimatic Reconstruction at High Altitude: The Case of Pinus sibirica Du Tour

Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) is a widespread and long-lived species in the northern hemisphere, which makes it a good potential proxy for climatic data. However, the tree-ring growth of this species weakly correlates with climatic conditions, which prevents its use in dendroclimatic reconstruction. It was proposed to use the measurements of tracheid characteristics as model predictors to reconstruct the smoothed temperature of the key periods in tree growth. In this study, algorithms for preprocessing tracheids and temperature data, as well as for model cross-validation, were developed to produce reliable high-resolution (weekly-based) temperature reconstructions. Due to the developed algorithms, the key time periods of Siberian pine growth were identified during the growing season—early June (most active cell development) and mid-July (setting new buds for the next growing season). For these time periods, reliable long-term temperature reconstructions (R2 > 0.6, p < 10−8) were obtained over 1653–2018. The temperature reconstructions significantly correlated (p < 10−8) with independent reanalysis data for the 19th century. The developed approach, based on preprocessing tracheid and temperature data, shows new potential for Siberian pine in high-resolution climate reconstructions and can be applied to other tree species that weakly respond to climate forcing.
Rethinking the state of causality from Foreign Direct Investment to employment in East African Community sub-region

The EAC countries have had long history of reforming and strategizing policies in order to boost FDI inflows so as to create both low and high-skilled employment, facilitating technology diffusion and access to international markets. This paper thus applied Granger-Causality test to investigate whether FDI inflows in five countries (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi) of East African Community have any significant impact to the rate of employment. Employment rates as the percentage of total employment in four categories which include three sectors of industry, agriculture and service; together with country’s employment to population ratio for people over fifteen years in each country were analyzed against FDI net inflows as the percentage of GDP. Pearson correlation coefficients and corresponding test statistics were performed as preliminary analyses to assess the degree of relationship between FDI and employment in each category. Granger-causality test was later employed to examine the extent of causality relationship. The general findings indicate that causality from FDI to employment in Kenya and Tanzania is insignificant in all sectors, while is significant in only industrial sector in Uganda and to aggregate employment to population ratio in Burundi. Only Rwanda has indicated significant causality in all but agricultural sector. The paper therefore calls for policy re-examination in the countries to tap the potentials of FDI inflows in addressing the excess of labor supply, taking into account sectoral preferences.
INTEGRATING CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION INTO SPATIAL PLANNING: DEVELOPING CRITERIA FOR SPATIAL PLAN EVALUATION IN THE SELANGOR RIVER BASIN

Spatial planning practice in Malaysia has given greater prominence to environmental matters since the amendment of the Town and Country Planning Act 1976 in 1995, in which sustainable development has become the core emphasis of all planning policies and plans. However, elements of climate change, which require being addressed in strategic planning, have not been explicitly incorporated into spatial plans that cover urban and rural areas at both state and local levels. This study presents a framework for the evaluation of the content of spatial plans in response to climate change adaptation and mitigation in the case of the Selangor River Basin, which may be considered the life support for the Kuala Lumpur Conurbation, the largest urban mega region in Malaysia. A content analysis of national, state and local level spatial plans reveals that the overall quality of plans is higher at the national level, but gradually declines towards lower tier plans, and that generally an equal emphasis has been paid to both climate change mitigation and adaptation. The findings support the argument that spatial planning provides a platform for coordinating mitigation and adaptation responses through its sustainable development policies, however, there is a need to reframe the scope of sustainable development in the country for this purpose.
Application of an artificial intelligence segmentation for deep hyperthermia treatment planning in the pelvic region

During a microwave hyperthermia oncology treatment, the target region temperature is elevated to the temperatures of 40–44 °C, which improves the therapeutic effect of a standard radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy treatments. Amplitudes and phases of antenna input signals in the phased array setup surrounding the 3D patient model are optimised with respect to maximise the energy deposition in the target region. In this study, we successfully integrated an automatic artificial intelligence segmentation routine, used for patient-specific 3D model generation, into the hyperthermia treatment planning process. This allows us to apply more realistic patient 3D model for the online hyperthermia guidance including detailed retrospective analyses of the overall treatment quality, possibly leading to a widespread clinical use of the hyperthermia treatment planning.
Probabilistic Temporal Fusion Transformers for Large-Scale KPI Anomaly Detection

This paper introduces a new generic and scalable framework for large-scale time series prediction and unsupervised anomaly detection. The most common approach of state-of-the-art time series anomaly detection techniques, which are mostly based on neural networks, is to train a network per time series. However, a typical modern microservice system consists of hundreds of active nodes/instances. To monitor the performance of such a system, we often need to keep track of thousands of time series describing different aspects of the system, including CPU usage, call latency, and workloads. We introduce a new methodology for grouping metrics that share the same type, predicting hundreds of metrics concurrently with a single neural network model with shared parameters. The model also integrates the probabilistic representations and Temporal Fusion Transformers for better performance. In a real-world dataset, our proposed model achieved up to 50% improvement in terms of MSE.
The consumption of experiential gifts is construed as more autonomy supportive and leads to greater gratitude, especially when they are given out of love

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the indirect influence of recalling the consumption of types of gifts, experiential and material, on gratitude by increasing autonomy support. In addition, we tested the conditional influence of the presumed motives of gift-givers from the perspective of gift recipients based on the postulates of Self-Determination Theory. First, participants were randomly to assigned to one of the following conditions: Consumption-of-experiential gift or consumption-of-material gift conditions. After, participants filled out a battery of questionnaires assessing autonomy support and gratitude. Results showed that the consumption of experiential gifts was construed as more autonomy supportive than the consumption of their material counterparts, which then had a positive relationship with gratitude. In experiment two, we tested the proposed mediator, autonomy support, by asking participants to either recall the consumption of the gift that was consistent with their true values or the consumption of an ordinary gift and completed a set of questions assessing autonomy support and gratitude. Results showed that recalling a gift consistent with consumers’ true values led to higher levels of autonomy support than recalling an ordinary gift, which was then positively correlated with gratitude. In the third experiment, we conducted a conceptual replication of experiment one and added the examination of the presumed motives of gift-givers as a potential moderator. Results replicated the significant mediation effect found in study 1 and showed that the conditional indirect effect was stronger when gift recipients attributed integrated motives to the gift-givers. The findings were discussed.