Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on the Hamiltonicity and Its Classifications Concerning Cubic Graphs of Order 8

A cubic graph is a 3-regular graph. Peterson graph, a famous graph in graph theory, is a cubic graph of order 10. In this paper, the idea about the concyclic points is introduced. To utilize the idea of the concyclic points, we have divided all the cubic graphs, the order of which is 8, into 5 categories. We prove that the connected cubic graph of order 8 is just right the five categories discussed above, up to isomorphism. Hence, a connected cubic graph of order 8 is a Hamiltonian graph. At the end of the article, some properties and characteristics about cubic graph of order 8 are given.
Technology Motivation in E-Marketing Adoption Among Malaysian Manufacturers

E-marketing technology adoption and use continues to vary, despite widespread acceptance of the Internet in corporate environments. This study aims to explore the role of technology motivation in the adoption of e-marketing technology among firms. A survey was sent to 1,700 corporate managers in Malaysia based on the Federation of Malaysian Manufactures (FMM) directory. The unit of analysis was the Strategic Small Business Unit (SBU). The results revealed that technology motivation influences e-marketing technology adoption. The findings also support previous studies on the influence of management support in firm's technology adoption. Our results support findings of similar studies that management support is an important internal determinant of technology adoption. This article helps to fill the gap in the literature and provide a clearer understanding of the motivations for adoption of technology for e-marketing purposes.
Child Protection and Adult Crime: Using Investigator Assignment to Estimate Causal Effects of Foster Care

This paper uses the randomization of families to child protection investigators to estimate causal effects of foster care on adult crime. The analysis uses a new data set that links criminal justice data to child protection data in Illinois, and I find that investigators affect foster care placement. Children on the margin of placement are found to be two to three times more likely to enter the criminal justice system as adults if they were placed in foster care. One innovation describes the types of children on the margin of placement, a group that is more likely to include African Americans, girls, and young adolescents.
The information paradox: a pedagogical introduction

The black hole information paradox is a very poorly understood problem. It is often believed that Hawking's argument is not precisely formulated, and a more careful accounting of naturally occurring quantum corrections will allow the radiation process to become unitary. We show that such is not the case, by proving that small corrections to the leading order Hawking computation cannot remove the entanglement between the radiation and the hole. We formulate Hawking's argument as a ‘theorem’: assuming ‘traditional’ physics at the horizon and usual assumptions of locality we will be forced into mixed states or remnants. We also argue that one cannot explain away the problem by invoking AdS/CFT duality. We conclude with recent results on the quantum physics of black holes which show that the interior of black holes have a ‘fuzzball’ structure. This nontrivial structure of microstates resolves the information paradox and gives a qualitative picture of how classical intuition can break down in black hole physics.
Xenografts Determinant of Blood Vessel Patterning in Human Melanoma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Isoform Expression as a Updated

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) occurs in at least five different isoforms because of alternative splicing of the gene. To investigate the roles of different VEGF isoforms in tumor blood vessel formation and tumorigenicity, the three major isoforms (VEGF121, VEGF165, and VEGF189) were overexpressed in an early-stage human melanoma cell line (WM1341B), which is VEGF-negative and nontumorigenic in immunodeficient mice. Although overexpression of VEGF121 and VEGF165 resulted in aggressive tumor growth, WM1341B cells transfected with VEGF189 remained nontumorigenic and dormant on injection. Although tumor growth rate depended on the level and not the isoform of VEGF expressed, striking isoform-specific differences in vascular patterning were associated with VEGF121versus VEGF165-dependent tumorigenic conversion of human melanoma. Thus, tumors overexpressing VEGF165 generated dense, highly heterogeneous vessel networks that were distinctly different from those of tumors expressing VEGF121 (poorly vascularized and necrotic). Paradoxically, although VEGF165 expression appears to result in the most effective tumor perfusion, it is the expression of VEGF121 that is observed during human malignant melanoma progression. Indeed, unbiased selection of spontaneously tumorigenic variants of WM1341B (by coinjection with Matrigel) led to predominant expression of the VEGF121 isoform. The vascular patterning in these tumors (1341-P3N1, 1341-P3N2) resembled that of the VEGF121-transfected WM1341B tumors. These results suggest that, for reasons that remain to be elucidated, a “minimal” program of tumor vascularization may be favored during melanoma progression.
Estimation of Transient Parameters of Transformer HV Winding Using Artificial Neural Networks

In this paper, a new method for estimation of transient parameters of transformer high voltage winding using the artificial neural networks (ANN) is proposed. An ANN with different structures is trained for parameters estimation of transformer winding Detailed Model that data is generated by analysis of frequency response. It is shown that feed-forward back propagation network with Levenberg-Markuardt training algorithm has the best performance. The comparison between ANN simulation results and experimental data show that ANN is powerful tool for estimation of transient parameters. KeywordsANN, Parameter estimation, Transformer Detailed Model, FRA, Transient
Expression Profile of Neuro-Endocrine-Immune Network in Rats with Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction

This study was to determine the correlation between endothelial function and neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) network through observing the changes of NEI network under the different endothelial dysfunction models. Three endothelial dysfunction models were established in male Wistar rats after exposure to homocysteine (Hcy), high fat diet (HFD) and Hcy+HFD. The results showed that there was endothelial dysfunction in all three models with varying degrees. However, the expression of NEI network was totally different. Interestingly, treatment with simvastatin was able to improve vascular endothelial function and restored the imbalance of the NEI network, observed in the Hcy+HFD group. The results indicated that NEI network may have a strong association with endothelial function, and this relationship can be used to distinguish different risk factors and evaluate drug effects.
An Ultra Low Power Wakeup Receiver for Wireless Sensor Nodes

An ultra-low power 2.4 GHz RF Wakeup Receiver is designed for wireless sensor networks nodes. The receiver demodulates On-Off Keying at 100 kbps. A 120 nm CMOS chip includes the analog front-end and consumes only 7.5 mu W from a single 1.5 V supply. The digital signal processing is implemented in an FPGA. The results of measures and simulations are evaluated for the use of this receiver in wireless sensor networks.
On the performance of asynchronous TCP connections to Wireless Sensor Network over WiFi

With Internet of Things (IoT) vision, computing systems get the ubiquity of real world. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology plays a critical role for the construction of this paradigm. Reliable communication between WSN nodes and outside Internet entities will be needed for remote management of Internet Objects. On the other hand, low bandwith, high delay and packet error rates of the underlying wireless medium can make the realization of such TCP connections highly inefficient. In this study, we investigate the performance of asynchronous TCP connections from multiple WiFi clients to a sensor node on WSN. We model the traffic over WSN gateway as M/M/1 queue and present the results of comprehensive simulation tests for performance of TCP connections in terms of throughput and end-to-end delay. The results reveal that the gateway can achieve reasonable Round Trip Times up to 80 simultaneous connections to WSN when WiFi Packet Error Rate is less than 0.2.
THE IMPACT OF IFRS ADOPTION ON VALUE RELEVANCE OF FINANCIAL REPORTING AND ASYMMETRY INFORMATION

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of IFRS adoption on accounting quality, more specifically on value relevance and asymmetry information. This study uses the value relevance model of Chua’s et al. (2012) and motivated by the contradictory results on this issue. In addition, review paper by Elias (2012) to the two of three measurements of accounting quality employed by Chua et al. (2012). This study uses two measurements of accounting quality, namely value relevance and asymmetry information. This study uses 61 companies listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange during six years of observations that consists of 3 years before and 3 years after period of adoption of IFRS. The financial data were analyzed using Eviews. The results show that: (1) there is an improvement of value relevance after adoption of IFRS (consistent with Chua’s et al (2012) study, except for “bad news” event), and (2) there is a decrease asymmetry information after adoption of IFRS (consistent with Healy et al., 1999, Daske et al., 2008, and Armstrong et al., 2010). Furthermore, these results adds practical point of view that financial information is more relevance after IFRS adoption and asymmetry information decreased between agent and principal implying a decrease in investor’s capital loss. Keyword: IFRS, fair value, full disclosure, value relevance, asymmetry information, and bid – ask spread. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh adopsi IFRS terhadap kualitas akuntansi khususnya relevansi nilai dan asimetri informasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan model relevansi nilai dari Chua et al. (2012) dan termotivasi oleh kontradiksi hasil penelitian terdahulu mengenai relevansi nilai dan asimetri informasi. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga termotivasi oleh kritik Elias (2012) terhadap 2 dari 3 ukuran kualitas akuntansi yang digunakan Chua et al., 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua ukuran kualitas akuntansi, yaitu relevansi nilai dan asimetri informasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 61 sampel perusahaan selama 6 tahun observasi, yang terdiri dari periode 3 tahun sebelum dan periode 3 tahun sesudah adopsi IFRS. Data keuangan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Eviews. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) terjadi peningkatan relevansi nilai sesudah adopsi IFRS (konsisten dengan penelitian Chua et al., 2012), kecuali untuk peristiwa “bad news”, (2) terjadi penurunan asimetri informasi sesudah adopsi IFRS (konsisten dengan penelitian Healy et al., 1999, Daske et al., 2008, dan Armstrong, 2010). Hasil penelitian ini berimplikasi praktik bahwa informasi keuangan sesudah adopsi IFRS terbukti lebih relevan serta terjadi penurunan asimetri informasi antara agent dan principal yang berimplikasi terhadap penurunan kerugian dari investor itu sendiri. Kata kunci: IFRS, fair value, full disclosure, relevansi nilai, asimetri informasi, dan bid – ask spread.
Alteration of the Microbiota and Virulence Gene Expression in E. coli O157:H7 in Pig Ligated Intestine with and without AE Lesions

Background Previously we found that E. coli O157:H7 inoculated into ligated pig intestine formed attaching and effacing (AE) lesions in some pigs but not in others. The present study evaluated changes in the microbial community and in virulence gene expression in E. coli O157:H7 in ligated pig intestine in which the bacteria formed AE lesions or failed to form AE lesions. Methodology/Principal Findings The intestinal microbiota was assessed by RNA-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis. The DGGE banding patterns showed distinct differences involving two bands which had increased intensity specifically in AE-negative pigs (AE- bands) and several bands which were more abundant in AE-positive pigs. Sequence analysis revealed that the two AE- bands belonged to Veillonella caviae, a species with probiotic properties, and Bacteroides sp. Concurrent with the differences in microbiota, gene expression analysis by quantitative PCR showed that, compared with AE negative pigs, E. coli O157:H7 in AE positive pigs had upregulated genes for putative adhesins, non-LEE encoded nleA and quorum sensing qseF, acid resistance gene ureD, and genes from the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). Conclusions/Significance The present study demonstrated that AE-positive pigs had reduced activities or populations of Veillonella caviae and Bacterioides sp. compared with AE-negative pigs. Further studies are required to understand how the microbiota was changed and the role of these organisms in the control of E. coli O157:H7.
Target classification using knowledge-based probabilistic model

In past decades, pattern classification has been intensively explored in machine learning. With the in-depth exploration of machine learning in various applications, new challenges arise, which requests researchers to move from data-driven to domain-driven models by integrating domain knowledge, and to move from static to dynamic models to adapt to the changing environment. This paper proposes an intelligent classification system with following features, to address these requests. Firstly, this system integrates both data association and classification modules. The contextual information extracted from input data is saved as learnt knowledge which is then combined with given expert knowledge in classification. The experimental study shows that this learning process helps to reduce the ambiguity of classification. Secondly, the proposed classifier, i.e. knowledge-based naive Bayes, classifies the incoming data based on both expert knowledge and learnt knowledge. Thirdly, a soft-decision mechanism is adopted in classification algorithm, which can effectively handle overlapping data.
Spatial Resource Reuse in the Multi-Hop Cellular Networks: Difficulties and Benefits

The introduction of relays into legacy cellular networks is gaining more of an interest in the 4th generation (4G) wireless systems. In the presence of relays, simultaneous transmission of both base stations (BS) and relay stations (RS) on the same resources is possible, and consequently much higher throughput can be achieved. However, determining the set of links which will be turned on at the same time is usually considered a NP-complete combinatorial problem. Moreover, it requires cooperation between BSs and RSs of independent cells. In such context, we briefly address the difficulties of spatial resource reuse from the graph-theoretical perspective. Next, our focus shifts to developing a simple but efficient radio resource management algorithm which enables the spatial resource reuse, the pricing- based radio resource management (PRRM) strategy. The PRRM performs spatial reuse for interference-free users operating in the high signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) region, while guaranteeing the signal quality of interference-susceptible users usually located near the coverage boundary. By applying the PRRM, we evaluate the potential benefits of the spatial resource reuse.
Climate Change: What It Means for Us, Our Children, and Our Grandchildren

This title explains what science knows about climate change, how it will affect us, its impact on different areas, and what we can do about it.Most of us are familiar with the terms climate change and global warming, but not too many of us understand the science behind them. We don't really understand how climate change will affect us, and for that reason we might not consider it as pressing a concern as, say, housing prices or the quality of local education. This book explains the scientific knowledge about global climate change clearly and concisely in engaging, nontechnical language, describes how it will affect all of us, and suggests how government, business, and citizens can take action against it.If people don't quite understand the seriousness of climate change, it is partly because politicians and the media have misrepresented the scientific community's strong consensus on it - politicians by selectively parsing the words of mainstream scientists, and the media by presenting "balanced" accounts that give the views of a small number of contrarians equal weight with empirically supported scientific findings. The science is complex, couched in the technical language of sinks, forcing, and albedo, and invokes probabilities, risks, ranges, and uncertainties. Policy discussions use such unfamiliar terms as no regrets policy, clean development mechanism, and greenhouse-gas intensity. "Climate Change" explains the nuts and bolts of climate and the greenhouse effect and describes their interaction. It discusses the nature of consensus in science, and the consensus on climate change in particular. It describes both public- and private-sector responses, considers how to improve the way scientific findings are communicated, and evaluates the real risks both to vulnerable developing countries and to particular areas of the United States. We can better tackle climate change, this book shows us, if we understand it. We can use this knowledge to guide our own behavior and pressure governments and businesses to take action.
Chapter 1 Adaptive Networks

The rich set of interactions between individuals in the society results in complex community structure, capturing highly connected circles of friends, families, or professional cliques in a social network. Due to the frequent changes in the activity and communication patterns of individuals, the associated social and communication network is subject to constant evolution. The cohesive groups of people in such networks can grow by recruiting new members, or contract by loosing members; two (or more) groups may merge into a single community, while a large enough social group can split into several smaller ones; new communities are born and old ones may disappear. We discuss a new algorithm based on a clique percolation technique, that allows to investigate in detail the time dependence of communities on a large scale and as such, to uncover basic relationships of the statistical features of community evolution. According to the results, the behaviour of smaller collaborative or friendship circles and larger communities, e.g., institutions show significant differences. Social groups containing only a few members persist longer on average when the fluctuations of the members is small. In contrast, we find that the condition for stability for large communities is continuous changes in their membership, allowing for the possibility that after some time practically all members are exchanged.
A subspace method for unimodal symmetric eigenvalue optimization problems involving large scale matrices

We consider the solution of eigenvalue optimization problems involving large symmetric positive definite matrices. To cope with the large scale, we propose a subspace projection method, based on the concept of bundle methods. The theory is generally applicable to matrices that satisfy some smoothness conditions. For the important case of affine parameters, the objective function is quasi convex. We present two methods: one method builds in an iterative way, a small set of smooth constraints, so that the eigenvalue optimization problem can be solved by a smooth optimization method. The second method is a subspace projection or reduction method where in each iteration an eigenvalue optimization problem with small size matrices needs to be solved. Both methods are provably convergent for unimodal problems. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the theory.
Landscape Structure Shapes Habitat Finding Ability in a Butterfly

Land-use intensification and habitat fragmentation is predicted to impact on the search strategies animals use to find habitat. We compared the habitat finding ability between populations of the speckled wood butterfly (Pararge aegeria L.) from landscapes that differ in degree of habitat fragmentation. Naïve butterflies reared under standardized laboratory conditions but originating from either fragmented agricultural landscapes or more continuous forested landscapes were released in the field, at fixed distances from a target habitat patch, and their flight paths were recorded. Butterflies originating from fragmented agricultural landscapes were better able to find a woodlot habitat from a distance compared to conspecifics from continuous forested landscapes. To manipulate the access to olfactory information, a subset of individuals from both landscape types were included in an antennae removal experiment. This confirmed the longer perceptual range for butterflies from agricultural landscapes and indicated the significance of both visual and olfactory information for orientation towards habitat. Our results are consistent with selection for increased perceptual range in fragmented landscapes to reduce dispersal costs. An increased perceptual range will alter the functional connectivity and thereby the chances for population persistence for the same level of structural connectivity in a fragmented landscape.
Commercial Diplomacy and International Business: A Conceptual and Empirical Exploration

International Business is vital to nations, to their economies. It brings wealth, it creates jobs, it opens views, it changes mindsets, and it creates economic and social stability. International Relations is important to nations too. It establishes relationships between nations, it exchanges political views between nations, it creates stability. International Business and International Relations are intertwined empirically as politicians need to boost economies through supporting entrepreneurship, international entrepreneurs need politicians and government representatives to get access to foreign markets, to deal with legal issues across borders. Commercial diplomacy is at the heart of the intersection between International Business and International Relations. Narrowly conceived, commercial diplomacy is the work of state officials in diplomatic service who carry out activities that support International Business. This book changes the conversation by studying the International Business - government relationship at the meso (organisational) and micro (individual) level, rather than focusing on the macro (national) level. This book aims to advance studies of commercial diplomacy by combing insights from two fields of study that to date have hardly spoken to each other. It brings insights from International Relations (and in particular the sub-field diplomatic studies) about the theory and practice of commercial diplomacy and it brings insights from business studies about the theory and practice of International Business. Combining the two, the book defines the field by being more holistic, it brings together in one place a thorough review of existing analysis of the subject from both fields, it outlines the basics of a new conceptual framework, it presents new empirical work based on data collected in five different countries (from the US to Indonesia), and puts forward a new research agenda.
Ballistic Control for Biped Walking with Pneumatic Actuators

Walking is a complex behavior that emerges from interaction between the agent body and the terrain. To realize adaptive dynamic walking by an artificial agent, therefore, not only its body and control dynamics but also the dynamics of the terrain should be taken into account. This paper describes a biped walker with pneumatic actua- tors and a ballistic controller that only applies driving force in a limited period of time to utilize the dynamic property of the robot body. Feedback is designed based on the ballis- tic control, which is derived by estimation by experimental trials.