Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[40-Hz auditory steady state response (40-Hz SSR) in patients with intracranial lesions--with reference to consciousness level and sites of lesions].

OBJECTIVE The issue of whether the 40-Hz SSR could become a useful neurophysiological monitoring tool in the patients with intracranial lesions was investigated. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 40-Hz SSR was recorded in 50 normal persons and 63 patients with intracranial lesions, and correlation among differences in consciousness level, lesion site and 40-Hz SSR was determined. RESULTS (1) Consciousness level and lesion site were both statistically significantly correlated with the pattern of wave forms at a single variable (alpha < 0.0001). (2) Using the multivariate's analysis, an equation to predict the level of consciousness from the SSR waveform and the site of lesion was made. The coefficient of determination between the calculated value and the actual value was 0.822. (3) In the group with intracranial lesions, the P1-N1 amplitude was confirmed to have significantly decreased (alpha < 0.0001) despite a apparently alert level. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study revealed that the pattern of 40-Hz SSR waveforms varies with changes in consciousness and lesion site. Moreover, the amplitude of individual waves of SSR waveform is distinctly reduced prior to change the waveform pattern in the alert group. These findings mean that subtle changes of intracranial status could be detected by the continuous monitoring of 40-Hz SSR even at earlier stage of second insult. Consequently, the 40-Hz SSR is a probable objective means of monitoring the consciousness level.
An empirical research on the dimensions of consumers' trust in B2C E-business

In B2C E-business, consumers' trust plays a critical role in helping them overcome perceptions of uncertainty and risk. Mostly based on the research context in developed countries, prior studies on e-business trust have used diverse, inconsistent definitions of trust, making it difficult to compare results across studies and adapt to China's consumers. This research proposes a model to measure multiple dimensions of consumers' trust in E-business in China. The model is empirically tested using an online questionnaire survey. The research results indicate that consumers' trust is indeed a multidimensional concept, which includes three different sub-constructs: competence, benevolence, and integrity.
Origin of phenotypic variation in clones of simian virus 40-transformed mouse embryo cells.

This study explores the extent to which variations in the phenotype of normal cells determine the heterogeneity of their transformed counterparts. Transformed clones obtained after infection of a mixed population of mouse embryo cells by simian virus 40 were extremely variable in appearance and behavior. Clones obtained from primary cultures of mouse embryo cells were also found to have a quite different morphology and growth rate. Two of these clones were transformed by simian virus 40, and ten subclones from each transformed population, as well as both parental normal clones, were characterized with regard to a number of transformation-sensitive parameters. The mean value of each of these parameters was different for each of the two groups of transformants. This difference was highly significant for the doubling time, saturation density, anchorage-independent cloning efficiency, fibroblast growth factor sensitivity, and cyclic adenosine 3′:5′-monophosphate level; less significant for attached plating efficiency; and not significant for plasminogen activator level or T-antigen staining. The significant differences between the two groups of transformants reflected qualitatively similar differences between the parental clones. For example, the group responding most strongly to fibroblast growth factor was derived from the most responsive parental clone. Analysis of the transformants derived from cloned and uncloned populations of normal cells revealed that from 20 to 68% of the variation in the transformed population derived from differences among the normal cells. Thus, for certain parameters, heterogeneity in the transformed cell population may depend mainly on preexisting differences in the normal cell population from which they were derived, while for other parameters the heterogeneity may be introduced at or after the transforming events.
Low prevalence of primary mutations associated with drug resistance in antiviral-naive patients at therapy initiation

Objective To assess the prevalence of mutations in the reverse-transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) region in a cohort of chronically-infected HIV-positive patients requiring highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods The study included 347 patients enrolled in the Italian Cohort of Antiretroviral Naive patients (I.CO.NA) who had to initiate HAART. The whole PR-region, and aminoacids 1-320 of RT-region were sequenced from plasma samples at baseline. Results Median CD4-lymphocytes and HIV-RNA at baseline were 231 × 106 cells/l and 4.89 log10 copies/ml; 307 of 347 (88.5%) patients carried no mutations in the RT region, whereas 40 (11.5%) carried one or more mutations associated with resistance to nucleoside-RT inhibitor (NRTI) (7.8%), or non-nucleoside-RTI (NNRTI) (4.9%), with four patients carrying mutations to both classes. Among mutations associated with high-level resistance to RTI, T215Y was found in only two patients, M184V in two cases, T69D and T215C in other two cases (one each), and K103N in only one patient, for a total of six patients (one carrying both T215Y and M184V) (1.7%). Seventy-six patients (21.9%) carried no mutations in the PR region, whereas 271 (78.1%) had one or more mutations. Primary mutations associated with substantial resistance to protease inhibitors were found in only five of 347 patients (1.4%) (M46V/L, I54V, V82A/I); all the other patients carried only secondary mutations (L10F/I/V, M36I, L63P, A71T/V, V77I). Conclusions Prevalence of mutations associated with high-level resistance to antiretroviral drugs is low in HIV-infected patients with long-term infection. This suggests no preclusion in principle to any antiretroviral drug at the time of decision of the first therapeutic regimen.
Intestinal metaplasia of the endometrium

Demonstration of mucin in extra-mammary Paget’s disease is a widely used and recommended way to confirm the diagnosis, the absence of much suggesting the lesion may not be Paget’s disease but rather pagetoid melanoma or squamous cell carcinoma (Jones, Austin & Akerman 1979, Kurman 1987, Rosai 1989). However, as demonstrated in our case report, this is not necessarily true and occasionally small biopsies of extra-mammary Paget’s disease without mucin content can be expected, due to the presence of significant skip areas devoid of m u c h Immunohistochemistry offers a reliable way to differentiate Paget’s disease from other pagetoid lesions. It has been demonstrated in previous reports and confirmed in our study that Paget’s cells show moderate to strong positivity for low molecular weight cytokeratins (54 k D and lower molecular weights) and CEA and a negative reaction for S-100 (Ordonez, Awatt & Mackay 1987, Shah, Tabibzadeh & Gerber 1987). Melanoma shows the reverse results and squamous carcinoma cells give negative staining reactions with these three antisera. However, it should be noted that only antibodies against low molecular weight cytokeratins, 54 k D or lower, are consistently positive for Paget’s cells and negative for squamous carcinoma cells (Shah et nl. 1987). The opposite results are obtained with antibody against 66 k D cytokeratin, while both Paget’s and squamous carcinoma cells are stained using antibody against 57 k D cytokeratin. Therefore, only antisera against low molecular weight cytokeratins such as PKKl (which reacts with cytokeratins of 44, 46,52 and 54 kD) should be used to differentiate between Paget’s disease and bowenoid squamous cell carcinoma. In pagetoid lesions where Paget’s disease is a consideration, if mucin stains are negative or non-convincing immunohistochemistry should be performed for definitive diagnosis.
The Prognosis of Depression in Old Age: The Case for Lithium Therapy

MARKS, I. (1981) Cure and Care of Neurosis. Chichester: John Wiley. Sm@vmsM, A. , M@am, I. & YULE,W. (1982) Social skills problems in neuroleptic patients: social skills training with and without cognitive modification. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39,1378â€”85. WORLD HERLm ORGANISATION (1978) Mental Disorders: Glossary and Guide to their Classification in Accordance with the 9th Reunion of lCD. Geneva: WHO.
Histopathologic Validation of 3′-Deoxy-3′-18F-Fluorothymidine PET in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity

Accelerated tumor cell repopulation is an important mechanism adversely affecting therapeutic outcome in head and neck cancer. The noninvasive assessment of the proliferative state of a tumor by PET may provide a selection tool for customized treatment. 3′-deoxy-3′-18F-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) is a PET tracer that is phosphorylated by thymidine kinase 1 (TK-1) and, as such, reflects cellular proliferation. Before the use of 18F-FLT PET for tumor characterization is accepted and introduced into clinical studies, validation against tumor histology is mandatory. The aim of this study was to validate 18F-FLT PET in squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity using immunohistochemical staining for the proliferation marker iododeoxyuridine and for TK-1. Methods: Seventeen patients with primary squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity underwent an 18F-FLT PET/CT scan before surgery, and iododeoxyuridine was administered 20 min before tumor resection. 18F-FLT PET/CT scans were segmented, and PET/CT volumes and PET signal intensities were calculated (mean standardized uptake value [SUVmean] and maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax]). Multiple paraffin-embedded tumor sections were immunohistochemically stained for iododeoxyuridine and TK-1. For iododeoxyuridine, labeling indices and optical densities were calculated and correlated with SUVmean and SUVmax. TK-1 staining was visually and semiquantitatively assessed. Results: All primary tumors were identified with 18F-FLT PET but with a large range in tracer uptake (mean SUVmax, 5.9; range, 2.2–15.2). Also, there was a large variability in iododeoxyuridine labeling indices (mean, 0.09; range, 0.01–0.29) and optical densities (mean, 28.2; range, 12.6–37.8). The iododeoxyuridine optical densities correlated significantly with SUVmean and SUVmax, but the labeling indices did not. In most tumors, TK-1 staining of varying intensity was present but correlated with neither iododeoxyuridine binding nor 18F-FLT uptake. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated only a weak correlation between 18F-FLT uptake and iododeoxyuridine staining intensity in oral cavity tumors. This weak correlation may be explained by differences in biomarker characteristics, resolution, and quantification methods.
Measles virus‐induced suppression of immune responses

Summary: Measles is an important cause of child mortality that has a seemingly paradoxical interaction with the immune system. In most individuals, the immune response is successful in eventually clearing measles virus (MV) infection and in establishing life‐long immunity. However, infection is also associated with persistence of viral RNA and several weeks of immune suppression, including loss of delayed type hypersensitivity responses and increased susceptibility to secondary infections. The initial T‐cell response includes CD8+ and T‐helper 1 CD4+ T cells important for control of infectious virus. As viral RNA persists, there is a shift to a T‐helper 2 CD4+ T‐cell response that likely promotes B‐cell maturation and durable antibody responses but may suppress macrophage activation and T‐helper 1 responses to new infections. Suppression of mitogen‐induced lymphocyte proliferation can be induced by lymphocyte infection with MV or by lymphocyte exposure to a complex of the hemagglutinin and fusion surface glycoproteins without infection. Dendritic cells (DCs) are susceptible to infection and can transmit infection to lymphocytes. MV‐infected DCs are unable to stimulate a mixed lymphocyte reaction and can induce lymphocyte unresponsiveness through expression of MV glycoproteins. Thus, multiple factors may contribute both to measles‐induced immune suppression and to the establishment of durable protective immunity.
VERACITY: Overlapping Coalition Formation-Based Double Auction for Heterogeneous Demand and Spectrum Reusability

Spectrum auction is one of the most effective solutions to allocate the spectrum resource following the market rules and has attracted much attention from both academia and industry. However, most of the existing studies assume that the spectrum buyers' demands are homogeneous and the interference relationship is fixed without any change with the variation of spectrum. Furthermore, the economical efficiency of auction outcome has not drawn enough attention. That motivates us to design an auction scheme to jointly consider the multi-demand of buyers, heterogeneous spectrum, and economical efficiency. In this paper, we propose a novel overlapping coalition formation-based double auction, called VERACITY, to address this problem. The auctioneer groups the conflict free buyers into the same coalition and allows a buyer to join multiple coalitions based on the heterogeneous demand. Dynamic overlapping coalition formation implemented by the auctioneer is to find the approximately optimal coalition structure corresponding to the economical efficiency outcome, i.e., maximizing the social welfare. Furthermore, we prove that VERACITY is individually rational, budget balanced, truthful, and economically efficient. Simulation results are presented to show the convergence and effectiveness of the proposed VERACITY.
A Review of Power Electronic Converters for Variable Speed Pumped Storage Plants: Configurations, Operational Challenges, and Future Scopes

Pumped storage power plant has gained a high level of attention in recent years, mainly because of its ability to act as a large-scale energy storage option and to improve power system flexibility. Doubly fed asynchronous machine with the partially rated power electronic converter is adopted in pumped storage plants to provide variable speed operation and improve energy efficiency. This paper summarizes the power converter topologies in large rated variable speed pumped storage plant (VSPSP), also covers the suitability of each converter topology, modulation techniques, and parallel converter schemes. Also, it presents operational issues of the parallel converter system in VSPSP such as the shutdown of the plant due to insufficient converter redundancy and lack of fault-tolerant control schemes, a power outage due to the inadequacy of converter protection system, and unbalanced power sharing due to circulating current. Furthermore, the reliable mitigating/additional techniques are discussed for future research. It concludes that the refinement of these aforementioned issues will provide continuous operation of the plant.
REM sleep behavior disorder: Motor manifestations and pathophysiology

Patients with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) enact violent dreams during REM sleep in the absence of normal muscle atonia. This disorder is highly frequent in patients with synucleinopathies (60%–100% of patients) and rare in patients with other neurodegenerative disorders. The disorder is detected by interview plus video and sleep monitoring. Abnormal movements expose the patients and bed partners to a high risk of injury and sleep disruption. The disorder is usually alleviated with melatonin and clonazepam. Limb movements are mainly minor, jerky, fast, pseudohallucinatory, and repeated, with a limp wrist during apparently grasping movements, although body jerks and complex violent (fights) and nonviolent culturally acquired behaviors are also observed. Notably, parkinsonism disappears during RBD‐associated complex behaviors in patients with Parkinson's disease and with multiple system atrophy, suggesting that the upper motor stream bypasses the basal ganglia during REM sleep. Longitudinal studies show that idiopathic RBD predisposes patients to later develop Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and, more rarely, multiple system atrophy, with a rate of conversion of 46% within 5 years. During this time window, patients concomitantly develop nonmotor signs (decreased olfaction and color vision, orthostatic hypotension, altered visuospatial abilities, increased harm avoidance) and have abnormal test results (decreased putamen dopamine uptake, slower EEG). Patients with idiopathic RBD have higher and faster risk for conversion to Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies if abnormalities in dopamine transporter imaging, transcranial sonography, olfaction, and color vision are found at baseline. They constitute a highly specific target for testing neuroprotective agents. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Blind multiuser detection based on Chebyshev approximation

Blind multiuser detection, an effective method to mitigate multiple access interference (MAI) in direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS/CDMA) systems, has inspired a significant interest recently. Although the previously published algorithms such as recursive least-squares (RLS) work fairly well, the performance can be further improved. In this paper, we propose a novel blind multiuser detection algorithm based on Chebyshev approximation, which significantly outperforms RLS detector with almost the same complexity. This is demonstrated by computer simulations for both synchronous and asynchronous CDMA systems through AWGN and slow fading channels.
A new type of hemophore-dependent heme acquisition system of Serratia marcescens reconstituted in Escherichia coli

The utilization by Serratia marcescens of heme bound to hemoglobin requires HasA, an extracellular heme-binding protein. This unique heme acquisition system was studied in an Escherichia coli hemA mutant that was a heme auxotroph. We identified a 92-kDa iron-regulated S. marcescens outer membrane protein, HasR, which alone enabled the E. coli hemA mutant to grow on heme or hemoglobin as a porphyrin source. The concomitant secretion of HasA by the HasR-producing hemA mutant greatly facilitates the acquisition of heme from hemoglobin. This is the first report of a synergy between an outer membrane protein and an extracellular heme-binding protein, HasA, acting as a heme carrier, which we termed a hemophore.
Effect of QMix irrigant on bond strength of glass fibre posts to root dentine.

AIM To investigate the effect of QMix irrigant compared with several other irrigating solutions on the bond strength of glass fibre posts to root dentine and on smear layer removal after post space preparation. METHODOLOGY One hundred and fifty single-rooted teeth were used. The specimens were divided into six groups in each test according to the irrigation regimen used: group 1, distilled water; group 2, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); group 3, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX); group 4, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); group 5, 17% EDTA followed by 2% CHX; and group 6, QMix. Dual-cure self-adhesive resin cement (i CEM; Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany) was used for testing the adhesion of glass fibre post (Reblida; VOCO, Cuxhaven, Germany) to root dentine using a micropush-out test. Debonding specimens were examined with a scanning electron microscope. Scanning electron microscopy was also used to examine and score the treated specimens for debris removal and dentinal tubule opening. Micropush-out data were analysed using anova and Tukey's test. Debris and dentinal tubule opening scores were analysed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests. RESULTS QMix and 17% EDTA/2% CHX demonstrated the highest mean bond strength values in all root levels amongst the groups. Most failure modes were adhesive type of failures between post and luting material (42.6%). QMix, 17% EDTA and 17% EDTA/2% CHX performed significantly better than the other groups on smear layer removal and dentinal tubule opening. CONCLUSION QMix is an effective irrigant that can remove smear layer, open dentinal tubules and simplify the irrigation protocol, without compromising the bonding strength of glass fibre posts cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement to root dentine.
PENGARUH PERGANTIAN AUDITOR, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, LABA RUGI DAN JENIS PERUSAHAAN PADA AUDIT REPORT LAG

Financial reporting is a mechanism to deliver information about the resources of the company, which includes the measurement of economic and qualitative resource management through operational performance management. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the change of auditors, company size, income and type of company to the audit report lag. This research was conducted on all companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2013 and 2014. The sampling method using purposive sampling technique, with a total sample of 322 companies. Methods of data collection using the method of documentation. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis found that the size of the company, income and type of company negatively affect audit report lag.subsitution auditor does not affect the audit report lag.
The Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis in the United States, 2001–2004; Associations With Symptoms, Sexual Behaviors, and Reproductive Health

Objectives: Bacterial vaginosis (BV), a disturbance of vaginal microflora, is a common cause of vaginal symptoms and is associated with an increased risk of acquisition of sexually transmitted infections, HIV, and with adverse pregnancy outcomes. We determined prevalence and associations with BV among a representative sample of women of reproductive age in the United States. Study Design: Women aged 14–49 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2004 were asked to submit a self-collected vaginal swab for Gram staining. BV, determined using Nugent’s score, was defined as a score of 7–10. Results: The prevalence of BV was 29.2% (95% confidence interval 27.2%–31.3%) corresponding to 21 million women with BV; only 15.7% of the women with BV reported vaginal symptoms. Prevalence was 51.4% among non-Hispanic blacks, 31.9% among Mexican Americans, and 23.2% among non-Hispanic whites (P <0.01 for each comparison). Although BV was also associated with poverty (P <0.01), smoking (P <0.05), increasing body mass index (&khgr;2P <0.0001 for trend), and having had a female sex partner (P <0.005), in the multivariate model, BV only remained positively associated with race/ethnicity, increasing lifetime sex partners (&khgr;2P <0.001 for trend), increasing douching frequency (&khgr;2P for trend <0.001), low educational attainment (P <0.01), and inversely associated with current use of oral contraceptive pills (P <0.005). Conclusion: BV is a common condition; 84% of women with BV did not report symptoms. Because BV increases the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections, BV could contribute to racial disparities in these infections.
An Improved Genetic Algorithm Crossover Operator for Traveling Salesman Problem

The genetic algorithm is one of the best algorithms in order to solve many combinatorial optimization problems, especially traveling salesman problem. The application of genetic algorithms to problems which are not amenable to bit string representation and traditional crossover has been a growing area of interest. One approach has been to represent solutions by permutations of a list, and “permutation crossover” operators have been introduced to preserve the legality of offspring. There are many existing schemes for permutation representation like PMX, OX, and CX etc. In this paper, we extend the CX scheme which produces healthy offspring based upon survival of the fittest theory. Comparison of the proposed operator with other ones for ten benchmarks TSPLIB instances vividly shows its pros at the same accuracy level. Also, it requires less time for tuning of genetic parameters and provides narrower confidence intervals on the results than other operators.