Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fostering critical thinking in pharmaceutical chemistry: A cross-sectional study

Background: The fundamentals of pharmaceutical chemistry are difficult to relate to the pharmacy profession for first-year pharmacy students, and most of them use the surface approach to complete it. This study aimed to determine pharmacy students’ perception and critical thinking skills in solving real problem-based questions. Methods: This study employed pre- and post-survey to understand undergraduates’ perceptions and critical thinking skills in solving questions through a problem-based approach. Results: A total of 130 respondents (74%) participated in the questionnaire survey. After completing problem-based questions, pharmacy students were able to apply basic organic concepts to solve questions on synthesis pathways and impurities and relate to regulatory and environmental, social, and governance guidelines. The majority of pharmacy students highly rated the collaborative problem-based learning session and found the questions relevant to the pharmacy profession. Conclusion: In conclusion, carefully designed problem-based assignment questions could train pharmacy students with twenty-first-century skills.
The Global Prevalence of Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia among Healthcare Workers during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Corona Virus Disease has posed a serious challenge to countries' healthcare systems at the present outbreak. Meanwhile, the healthcare providers' mental health has been affected. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers in a short period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted through Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, and Embase databases, as well as preprint servers of medRxiv and SSRN, up to August 24, 2020. Results: This review comprised 69 articles with a total sample size of 108,931 individuals selected from medical staff. The pooled prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia were 37% (95% CI: 31 to 43%), 34% (95% CI: 29 to 38%), and 39% (95% CI: 25 to 53%), respectively. A subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia was higher in females and nurses than in others. Conclusions: Findings indicated a high impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia among medical professionals involved in the crisis with a variety of territories and occupations of both genders. © The Author(s) 2022. All rights reserved.
Academic advising as teaching: undergraduate student perceptions of advisor confirmation

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the role that confirmation plays in the academic advising context, with a focus on identifying the specific confirmation behaviors that advisees perceive their advisors to use with them during advising sessions. Participants were 33 undergraduate students who participated in one of six focus groups. Data analysis identified four confirming behaviors used by academic advisors: recognize students’ experiences outside the classroom, collaborate on educational/career goals, recall prior interactions with students, and offer praise and positive feedback. Participants also identified three disconfirming behaviors used by academic advisors: fail to give students their full attention, answer questions indirectly, and refuse to personalize student experiences. This study extends the conceptualization of confirmation into the academic advising context; while academic advising and teaching are often likened, this study found distinct confirmation behaviors are used in the academic advisor–advisee relationship.
Testing Exogeneity in Cross-Section Regression by Sorting Data

We introduce a framework to test for exogeneity of a variable in a regression based on cross-sectional data. By sorting data with respect to a function (sorting score) of known exogeneous variables it is possible to utilize a battery of tools originally develped to detecting model misspecification in at time series context. Thus, we are able to propose graphical tools for the identification of endogeneity, as well as formal tests, including a simple-to-use Chow test, needing a minimum of assumptions on the alternative endogeneity hypothesis. Models of endogenous treatment and selectivity are utilized to illustrate the methods. With Monte Carlo experiments, including continous and discrete response cases, we compare small sample performances with existing tests for exogeneity.
Response of a particle in a one-dimensional lattice to an applied force: Dynamics of the effective mass

We study the behaviour of the expectation value of the acceleration of a particle in a one-dimensional periodic potential when an external homogeneous force is suddenly applied. The theory is formulated in terms of modified Bloch states that include the interband mixing induced by the force. This approach allows us to understand the behaviour of the wavepacket, which responds with a mass that is initially the bare mass, and subsequently oscillates around the value predicted by the effective mass. If Zener tunneling can be neglected, the expression obtained for the acceleration of the particle is valid over timescales of the order of a Bloch oscillation, which are of interest for experiments with cold atoms in optical lattices. We discuss how these oscillations can be tuned in an optical lattice for experimental detection.
Exploring the star formation histories of galaxies in different environments from MaNGA spectra

Abstract The star formation history (SFH) of galaxies allow us to investigate when galaxies formed their stars and assembled their mass. We can constrain the SFH with high level of precision from galaxies with resolved stellar populations, since we are able to discriminate between stars of different ages from the spectrum they emit. However, the relative importance of secular evolution (nature) over nurture is not yet clear, and separating the effects of interaction-driven evolution in the observed galaxy properties is not trivial. The aim of this study is to use MaNGA (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO) Integral Field Unit (IFU) data, in combination with multi-wavelength data, to constrain the SFH of nearby isolated galaxies. We present here the new techniques we are developing to constrain the SFH with high level of precision from Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) fitting. This study is part of a China-Chile collaboration program where we are applying these new techniques to investigate how galaxies formed and evolve in different environments.
The Einstein-Boltzmann equations revisited

The linear Einstein-Boltzmann equations describe the evolution of perturbations in the universe and its numerical solutions play a central role in cosmology. We revisit this system of differential equations and present a detailed investigation of its mathematical properties. For this purpose, we focus on a simplified set of equations aimed at describing the broad features of the matter power spectrum. We first perform an eigenvalue analysis and study the onset of oscillations in the system signaled by the transition from real to complex eigenvalues. We then provide a stability criterion of different numerical schemes for this linear system and estimate the associated step-size. We elucidate the stiffness property of the Einstein-Boltzmann system and show how it can be characterized in terms of the eigenvalues. While the parameters of the system are time dependent making it non-autonomous, we define an adiabatic regime where the parameters vary slowly enough for the system to be quasi-autonomous. We summarize the different regimes of the system for these different criteria as function of wave number $k$ and scale factor $a$. We also provide a compendium of analytic solutions for all perturbation variables in 6 limits on the $k$-$a$ plane and express them explicitly in terms of initial conditions. These results are aimed to help the further development and testing of numerical cosmological Boltzmann solvers.
Investigating the behavioural characteristics of lottery players by using a combination preference model for conscious selection

Summary. Conscious selection describes the process by which lottery players choose numbers non‐randomly on their tickets. The only theoretical model that has been produced to date models conscious selection as number preference; for example players may tend to choose ‘lucky’ numbers. This model, however, does not fit the observed distributions of the numbers of winners of prizes well. We present a theoretical model in which clusters of similar number combinations are preferentially chosen. This three‐parameter model gives a convincing visual fit to the long‐tailed distributions of numbers of winners and accurately reproduces the correlations between the numbers of winners of the various tiers of prize. Our model is fitted to lottery data and the fit is compared with those of previous models that have been employed for conscious selection. We then use the model to contrast features of lottery player behaviour in two of the biggest lotteries in the world: the UK National Lottery game, lotto, and Spain's El Gordo de la Primitiva. Finally, we use the model to detect any changes in UK player behaviour over time.
Hubungan Antara Adversity Quotient Dan Self-Efficacy Dengan Job Crafting Pada Wanita Bekerja Dengan Sistem Work From Home (Wfh)

Kemampuan seorang individu dalam merubah perilaku kerjanya atas inisiatif dirinya sangat penting diperhatikan terutama pada wanita yang bekerja khususnya secara work from home. Seorang karyawan yang memiliki potensi untuk menciptakan pekerjaan dan mengubah cara dimana mereka dapat memecahkan permasalahan membutuhkan adanya kecerdasan atau kemampuan yang dikaitkan dengan adversity quotient. Selain itu, adanya tingkat kepercayaan diri yang dapat menyelesaikan tugas atau sebuah pekerjaan tertentu dapat menjadi faktor pendorong sekaligus dalam memprediksi perilaku tertentu dalam meningkatkan job crafting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara adversity quotient dan self-efficacy dengan job crafting pada wanita bekerja dengan sistem WFH. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah wanita yang bekerja dengan sistem WFH. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan kriteria seorang ibu yang bekerja sebagai pegawai tetap di Surabaya dan menjalani work from home minimal 1 hari dalam seminggu. Dengan kriteria di atas, jumlah partisipan yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 65 partisipan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dengan menggunakan instrumen skala adversity quotient dengan reliabilitas 0,925, skala self-efficacy dengan reliabilitas 0,922, dan skala job crafting dengan reliabilitas 0,974. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisis korelasi berganda dengan menggunakan bantuan software SPSS 25.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara adversity quotient dengan job crafting dan self-efficacy dengan job crafting.
THE ROLE OF EDUCATION ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES MORTALITY RATES: THE COVID-19 CASE

The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the global medical community and government officials. This study aimed to verify whether the level of education influences COVID-19 mortality rates considering the population’s average age since elderly patients are more likely to have adverse outcomes from the disease. The study used secondary data on education presented in the GCR 2019. Also, data on COVID-19 and the average age of the population was obtained from the Worldometer platform, examining a sample of 133 countries. The results show that high levels of education tend to mitigate the effect of the average age of the population on the number of deaths per million inhabitants, indicating that education, regardless of age, makes people more prepared to avoid COVID-19.
Evaluation of patient satisfaction and masticatory efficiency of single implant-retained mandibular overdenture using two types of matrices.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate masticatory efficiency and patient satisfaction of ball and silicone-based soft liner and metal matrices for mandibular single implant-retained overdenture . Subjects and Methods: From the removable prosthodontics department clinic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, (Boys, Cairo, Egypt), Al-Azhar University, 10 completely edentulous patients were randomly chosen. The patients were divided into two groups, group I received a single implant-retained overdenture with the ball and metal socket, while group II received a single implant-retained overdenture with the ball and silicone-based soft-liner attachment. Statistical analysis was done using student t-test, the data distribution of normality was done by using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test . Results: It was found that group I recorded a significant increase in masticatory efficiency and there was no significant difference between the two groups in patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Silicone-based soft liners when used as a matrix instead of metal housing produce lower values of masticatory efficiency and equal values of patient satisfaction.
Flash Drought Onset and Development Mechanisms Captured With Soil Moisture and Vegetation Data Assimilation

Flash droughts evolve and intensify rapidly under the influence of anomalous atmospheric conditions. In this study, we investigate the role of assimilating remotely sensed soil moisture (SM) and vegetation properties in capturing the evolution and impacts of two flash droughts in the Northern Great Plains. We find that during 2016 drought triggered by anomalously high temperatures and excessive evaporative demands, multivariate data assimilation (DA) of MODIS‐derived leaf area index (LAI) and Soil Moisture Active Passive SM within Noah‐Multiparameterization model helps capture elevated transpiration at onset. Assimilation of LAI particularly helped model the resulting rapid decline in SM during onset with as high as 10.0% steeper rate of decline compared to the simulation without any assimilation. Modeled‐SM anomalies exhibit a 7.5% and 11.7% increase in similarity with Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) data and U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) maps, respectively. In contrast, during 2017 flash drought driven by record‐low precipitation during summers, SM assimilation resulted in largest rates of decline in rootzone SM, as large as 48.4% compared to results from no assimilation. Multivariate DA of SM and LAI results in 6.7% and 14.3% higher spatial similarity with ESI and USDM, respectively, and is necessary to model rapid intensification caused by anomalous precipitation deficits. This study elucidates the need to incorporate multiple observational constraints from remote sensing to effectively capture rapid onset rates, intensification, and severity of flash drought following different propagation mechanisms. This is fundamental for drought early detection to provide a wider window of response and implement efficient mitigation strategies.
Study of the Catecholase Activity of new catalysts Based on Copper (II) and Heterocyclic Ligands

In this work, we are interested in finding new catalysts for catecholase, whose principle is based on the oxidation reaction of catechol to o-quinone. We approached the synthesis of the threes tripod ligands based on pyrazole in a condensation reaction and its characterization by IR, 13C NMR, 1H NMR spectroscopy, then we evaluated the catalytic properties of certain complexes formed in situ to catalyze the oxidation reaction of catechols to o-quinones. The aim is to find the right models to reproduce the catalytic activity of the enzyme (catecholase), we used complexes formed in situ by pyrazole derivatives with Copper salts. Among these complexes, the complex L4/Cu(CH3COO)2 showed good catalytic activity of the combination (1ligand/2metal) in MeOH for this reaction, with a speed Vmax equal to 69.38 μmol.L-1.min-1 and a low value of Km equal to 0.019 mol.L-1. We have demonstrated that the nature of concentration, ligand, solvent, and copper salts, influenced strongly the catecholase activity.
Completion of the integrable coupling systems

In this paper, we proposed an procedure to construct the completion of the integrable system by adding a perturbation to the generalized matrix problem, which can be used to continuous integrable couplings, discrete integrable couplings and super integrable couplings. As example, we construct the completion of the Kaup-Newell (KN) integrable coupling, the Wadati-Konno-Ichikawa (WKI) integrable couplingsis, vector Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (vAKNS) integrable couplings, the Volterra integrable couplings, Dirac type integrable couplings and NLS-mKdV type integrable couplings.
Four Mutually Orthogonal Latin Squares of Order 14

The paper gives example of orthogonal array OA(6, 14) obtained from a difference matrix DM(14,6;2) . The construction is equivalent to four mutually orthogonal Latin squares (MOLS) of order 14. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Combin. Designs 20: 363–367, 2012
Optomechanical devices based on traveling-wave microresonators

We theoretically study the unique applications of optomechanics based on traveling-wave microresonators, where the optomechanical coupling of degenerate modes (clockwise and counterclockwise) can be enhanced selectively by optically pumping in different propagation directions. We show that the unique features of degenerate optical modes can be applied for the entangled photon generation. Specifically, the coherent coupling between the degenerate optical modes and two acoustic modes is also studied, in which the relative phase of the optomechanical couplings plays a key role in the optical nonreciprocal conversion. In addition, we have studied another mechanical vibration based on the Brillouin scattering in the microresonators. The parity-time symmetry of acoustic modes can be observed in the slightly deformed microresonators because of the interaction of forward and backward stimulated Brillouin scattering in the triple-resonance system. The degenerate modes are in the decoherence-free subspace, which is robust against environmental noises. Based on parameters realized in recent experiments, these optomechanical devices should be readily achievable.
X-Gamma Lomax Distribution with Different Applications

: The X-Gamma Lomax (XGLo) distribution, a new three-parameter modification of the Lomax distribution, was introduced and examined in this study. This distribution's features for reliability and hazard rate are addressed. The methods for estimating the XGLo distribution parameters using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and maximum product spacing (MPS) are explained. To compare the MLE and MPS estimate approaches, a numerical investigation is conducted Monte-Carlo simulation. Three real data sets as the cancer data includes failure rates in weeks, 109 days of continuous coal mining occurrences in Great Britain, and remission periods (in months) of a random sample of 128 bladder cancer patients. are used to examine the adaptability and potential of the XGLo distribution. The likelihood ratio test and Kolmogorov- Smirnov test have been used to check the XGLo model is better fits than Lomax model.
Three centuries of dynamics in the lowland section, induced by human impact: A sociogeomorphic approach

This study aims to analyze one of the most dynamic sections in the lower part of the Mureș River, Lipova-Arad sector. The geological and tectonic context influenced the shifts of the watercourse at both a regional scale and a local one. The channelization works have shortened the length of the channel by 1/3 of it. The flood events in the 70s and the mining activity have also influenced the evolution of the river in last decades. Accelerating the geomorphological processes, mostly after the great floods, have narrowed the channel by 35%, and have reduced the total islands surface by almost 80%. In this context, the Mureș River try to reach the dynamic equilibrium state had before the human interventions. Under the anthropic pressure the geomorphological processes have been accelerated and the landscape left behind in Lipova-Arad section, along the Mureș River suffered important changes.
Clinical and Histopathologic Evaluation of the Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation And Epicatechin in the Treatment of Radiation Induced Oral Mucositis in Rat Model

Aim: This study aimed to determine the early-stage anticytotoxic effects of Ga–Al–As diode laser photobiomodulation (LPBM) and Epicatechin (green tea extract) (GT), either alone or combined, when used to treat induced oral mucositis (OM) in rats. Subjects & Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were included; two of them were sacrificed in the beginning (normal mucosa control). Radiotherapy OM was induced by a fractionated course of oral radiotherapy at a rate of 2 Gy/min bilaterally twice weekly for two weeks. On day 6, four animals were sacrificed to confirm OM induction. The remaining animals (24 rats) were equally assigned into four groups: Control group (CG), Laser group (LG), green tea extract group (GG) and combined group (L+G). They continued for 5 successive days in the 3-test groups. Animal sacrifice has then occurred on day 11. The mucositis degree (MD) was clinically evaluated, the histopathological assessment of tissue changes was applied using (H&E) and Monoclonal cytochrome-c antibody. Results: All treated animals showed a statistically significant difference (P-value ≤ 0.05) than those in CG. The lased animals had a better clinical outcome with a faster healing than GT. The best clinical outcome and healing pattern were shown in (L+G). Conclusion: Ga–Al–As diode laser and Epicatechin produced protection against radiotherapy induced OM through their antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activity effects. Better outcomes were noted in favor of LPBM over GT.
Assessing the Impact of Demographic Characteristics of EGYPTAIR Airlines’ Employees on Organizational Conflict Management Styles

The effectiveness of individual employees, teams, and entire organizations depends on how they manage interpersonal conflict at work using the proper organizational conflict management style. This research attempt to examine the effect of the demographic characteristics of employees on recognizing the applicable organizational conflict styles in EGYPTAIR Airlines Company. This research pertains to the descriptive methodology with five-point Likert scale questionnaire and the agreement level ranges from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The researchers used frequencies, a One-way ANOVA test, and independent sample T-test statistics. It was implemented to gather the primary data from the sample of the research from 30 th March till 20 th June 2022. The sample of the research consisted of 447 employees and managers in EGYPTAIR Airlines Company. Results illustrated that there are no significant differences between all categories of demographic variables except the qualification in the dominating style of managing organizational conflict in EGYPTAIR Airlines.