Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nature and environment of Very Luminous Galaxies

The most luminous galaxies in the blue passband have a larger correlation amplitude than L * galaxies. They do not appear to be preferentially located in rich clusters or groups, but a significant fraction of them seem to be in systems which include fainter members. We present an analysis of fields centered on 18 Very Luminous Galaxies ($M_B \le -21$) selected from the Southern Sky Redshift Survey 2, based on new observations and public data of the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey; we present also additional data on a CfA VLG and on Arp 127. We find that all the selected VLGs are physically associated with fainter companions. Moreover, there is a relation between the VLG morphology (early or late) and the dynamical properties of the system, which reflects the morphology–density relation. 6 out of the 18 SSRS2 VLGs are early type galaxies: 2 are in the center of rich Abell clusters with velocity dispersion $\sigma \sim 600$ km s -1 , and the other 4 are in poor clusters or groups with $\sigma \sim 300$. The VLG extracted from the CfA catalog is also an elliptical in a Zwicky cluster. The remaining 2/3 of the sample are late–type VLGs, generally found in poorer systems with a larger spread in velocity dispersion, from ~100 up to ~750 km s -1 . The low velocity dispersion, late–type VLG dominated systems appear to be analogous to our own Local Group. The possibile association of VLG systems with dark matter halos with mass comparable to rich groups or clusters, as suggested by the comparable correlation amplitude, would imply significant differences in the galaxy formation process. This work also shows that observing fields around VLGs represents an effective way of identifying galaxy systems which are not selected through other traditional techniques.
Elevation of Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin in Plasma of the Subjects with Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease: A Possible Peripheral Blood Protein Biomarker

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) remains widely underdiagnosed in asthmatics, primarily due to insufficient awareness of the relationship between aspirin ingestion and asthma exacerbation. The identification of aspirin hypersensitivity is therefore essential to avoid serious aspirin complications. The goal of the study was to develop plasma biomarkers to predict AERD. We identified differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) between subjects with AERD and those with aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA). The genes were matched with the secreted protein database (http://spd.cbi.pku.edu.cn/) to select candidate proteins in the plasma. Plasma levels of the candidate proteins were then measured in AERD (n = 40) and ATA (n = 40) subjects using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Target genes were validated as AERD biomarkers using an ROC curve analysis. From 175 differentially expressed genes (p-value <0.0001) that were queried to the secreted protein database, 11 secreted proteins were retrieved. The gene expression patterns were predicted as elevated for 7 genes and decreased for 4 genes in AERD as compared with ATA subjects. Among these genes, significantly higher levels of plasma eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (RNASE2) were observed in AERD as compared with ATA subjects (70(14.62∼311.92) µg/ml vs. 12(2.55∼272.84) µg/ml, p-value <0.0003). Based on the ROC curve analysis, the AUC was 0.74 (p-value = 0.0001, asymptotic 95% confidence interval [lower bound: 0.62, upper bound: 0.83]) with 95% sensitivity, 60% specificity, and a cut-off value of 27.15 µg/ml. Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin represents a novel biomarker to distinguish AERD from ATA.
A Research on Automatic Chinese Catchword Extraction

Catchwords refer to popular words or phrases within certain area in certain period of time. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for automatic Chinese catchwords extraction. At the beginning, we discuss the linguistic definition of catchwords and analyze the features of catchwords by manual evaluation. According to those features of catchwords, we define three aspects to describe Popular Degree of catchwords. To extract terms with maximum meaning, we adopt an effective ATE algorithm for multi-character words and long phrases. Then we use conic fitting in Time Series Analysis to build Popular Degree Curves of extracted terms. To calculate Popular Degree Values of catchwords, a formula is proposed which includes values of Popular Trend, Peak Value and Popular Keeping. Finally, a ranking list of catchword candidates is built according to Popular Degree Values. Experiments show that automatic Chinese catchword extraction is effective and objective in comparison with manual evaluation.
Trends in steroid therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Japan

Introduction: We conducted a study to reveal trends in steroid prescription for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients in Japan. Methods: We asked patients (ages 5–20 years) identified in the patient registry and their clinicians about steroid therapy experiences. Regimen, dose, and starting age were compared among 3 subgroups according to prednisolone initiation year (2000–2004, 2005–2009, and 2010–2013). Results: Among 157 prednisolone users, 4 different regimens were used. Dose frequencies were: every other day (98 patients), daily (44 patients), 10 days on 20 days off (14 patients), and weekly (1 patient). Median starting age was 6 years, and median dose was 0.42 mg/kg/day. There was an increase in daily regimen use from 2005–2009 (n = 9, 16%) to 2010–2013 (n = 33, 36%). Conclusions: This study revealed a transition over time in steroid use from expert opinion to evidence‐based recommendation. Clinical research should be encouraged to optimize medication worldwide. Muscle Nerve 54: 673–680, 2016
Audio-visual speech recognition in challenging environments

Visual speech information is known to improve accuracy and noise robustness of automatic speech recognizers. However, todate, all audio-visual ASR work has concentrated on “visually clean” data with limited variation in the speaker’s frontal pose, lighting, and background. In this paper, we investigate audiovisual ASR in two practical environments that present significant challenges to robust visual processing: (a) Typical offices, where data are recorded by means of a portable PC equipped with an inexpensive web camera, and (b) automobiles, with data collected at three approximate speeds. The performance of all components of a state-of-the-art audio-visual ASR system is reported on these two sets and benchmarked against “visually clean” data recorded in a studio-like environment. Not surprisingly, both audio- and visual-only ASR degrade, more than doubling their respective word error rates. Nevertheless, visual speech remains beneficial to ASR.
Sexual Harassment on the Internet

Sexual harassment offline is a well-known, highly prevalent, extensively investigated, and intensively treated social problem. An accepted model classifies sexual harassment behaviors into the categories of gender harassment, unwanted sexual attention, and sexual coercion. Theory and research show that sexual harassment behavior occurs as a product of person · situation characteristics and has substantial personal and organizational costs. This article reviews the available information on sexual harassment in cyberspace, equates this phenomenon with what has been learned about sexual harassment offline, points to specific characteristics of online culture and technology that reinforce the behavior, and proposes ways of promoting prevention.
Light-activated Ion Channels Photoreceptors of the Scallop Pecten irradians in Solitary

I N T R O D U C T I O N It has been established that gated ion channels underlie the generat ion o f the light response in both vertebrate and invertebrate photoreceptors (Bacigalupo and Lisman, 1983; Matthews, 1987). While in amphibian rods and cones unitary currents Address reprint requests to Dr. Enrico Nasi, Department of Physiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 80 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118. j. GEN. PHYSIOL. © The Rockefeller University Press • 0022-1295/92/05/0747/23 $2.00 Volume 99 May 1992 747-769 747 on S etem er 1, 2017 jgp.rress. org D ow nladed fom 748 T H E JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY • VOLUME 99 • 1992 can only be resolved in the absence of extracellular divalent cations (Haynes, Kay, and Yau, 1986; Zimmerman and Baylor, 1986; Matthews, 1987), the transduction channels of invertebrate visual cells can be examined under physiological conditions. However, rapid progress toward a detailed characterization of their properties has been hindered in part by the technical difficulties involved in obtaining glia-free cells suitable for patch clamp recording from the standard invertebrate eye preparations (Bacigalupo and Lisman, 1983). We have circumvented some of these problems by enzymatically isolating visual cells from the eye of the scallop. One of the remarkable features of its retina is the presence of two separate layers of photoreceptors (Dakin, 1910). The proximal layer is composed of rhabdomeric cells that depolarize in response to light (McReynolds and Gorman, 1970a), while cells in the distal retina possess modified ciliary appendages (Miller, 1958; Barber, Evans, and Land, 1967) and produce hyperpolarizing photoresponses (McReynolds and Gorman, 1970a). In b o t h cases a light-induced increase in membrane conductance has been demonstrated (McReynolds and Gorman, 1970b), but with markedly different ion selectivity (Gorman and McReynolds, 1978). The apparent lack of interneurones and synaptic interconnections (Barber et al., 1967) indicates that these responses are true receptor potentials by primary sensory cells, making this organism particularly interesting for vision research. In this report we examine light-dependent, single-channel currents recorded from cell-attached patches in isolated photoreceptors of the rhabdomeric type. The properties of these channels closely resemble those of the cell's macroscopic light response. Patch clamp measurements in hyperpolarizing ciliary cells (Gomez and Nasi, 1991) will be described in a separate article. Preliminary reports of these results have appeared previously (Nasi and Gomez,
Encounter based sensor tracking

This paper addresses the problem of tracking a group of mobile sensors in an environment where there is intermittent or no access to a localization service, such as the Global Positioning System. Example applications include tracking personnel underground or animals under dense tree canopies. We assume that each sensor uses inertial, visual or mechanical odometry to measure its relative movement as a series of displacement vectors. Each displacement vector suffers a small quantity of error which compounds, causing the overall accuracy of the positional estimate to decrease with time. The primary contribution of this paper is a novel offline method of counteracting this error by exploiting opportunistic radio encounters between sensors. We fuse encounter information with the displacement vectors to build a graph that models sensor mobility. We show that two dimensional sensor tracking is equivalent to finding an embedding of this graph in the plane. Finally, using radio, inertial and ground truth trace data, we conduct simulations to observe how the number of anchors, transmission range and radio noise affect the performance of the proposed model. We compare these results to those from a competing model in the literature.
Life history, maintenance, and the early origins of immune function

There is compelling evidence to suggest that early environments are important determinants of immune function over the life course. While current research focuses on proximate mechanisms and clinical implications, an adaptationist perspective may contribute a theoretical basis for explaining, rather than merely describing, the long‐term impact of early environments. Life history theory in particular, with its emphasis on the life cycle and investment in maintenance effort—of which immune function is a central component—provides a predictive framework for identifying prenatal and early postnatal factors that are likely to shape immunity. Key life history issues at these stages include avoiding death from infectious disease, investing in immune defenses that are appropriate for the local disease ecology, and optimizing competing demands for investment in immune function and growth. A series of hypotheses derived from these issues are proposed and evaluated with data from ongoing research in the Philippines and Bolivia. Ecologically‐informed research on immunity is in its earliest stages, and life history theory has the potential to make important contributions to our understanding of the development and function of this critical physiological system. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 17:81–94, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multi-touch passwords for mobile device access

Draw-a-Secret password schemes, like the Google Android Pattern Lock, entail stroking out a shape on a touch screen. This paper explores techniques for expanding the richness of this input modality (multitouch input, off-target interaction) in order to increase password entropy and resistance to observation. A formative user study highlights user perceptions and usability issues relating to this design space and suggests directions for future development of this concept.
The VAPOR project: Variability-Aware PrOgram Relocation

The generation of VLSI electronics under development at this moment features 32nm transistors. The following generations will be 22nm and 15nm. As transistor dimensions shrink below 45nm, it becomes increasingly harder to control the fabrication process precisely. For example, the amount of doping atoms will decrease to 5-6 per transistor. At that point, a single atom more or less can cause a big variability in the characteristics of the fabricated transistors. Unfortunately, such small variations in the numbers of atoms are inevitable with the process technology used to fabricate processors. As a result, different transistors on different chips, or even on the same chip, feature different characteristics, such as different threshold voltages or different effective channel lengths. Consequently, processor components will behave differently from the way they have been designed, and their behavior will show large variations, even up to the point where they might not function correctly at all anymore. Reliability is generally considered as one of the big challenges for future computing systems (besides performance and power consumption).
Highly accurate palmprint recognition using statistical and wavelet features

Palmprint is one of the most useful physiological biometrics that can be used as a powerful means in personal recognition systems. The major features of the palmprints are palm lines, wrinkles and ridges, and many approaches use them in different ways towards solving the palmprint recognition problem. Here we have proposed to use a set of statistical and wavelet-based features; statistical to capture the general characteristics of palmprints; and wavelet-based to find those information not evident in the spatial domain. Also we use two different classification approaches, minimum distance classifier scheme and weighted majority voting algorithm, to perform palmprint matching. The proposed method is tested on a well-known palmprint dataset of 6000 samples and has shown an impressive accuracy rate of 99.65%-100% for most scenarios.
Languages evolve too! Changing the software time scale

Humans will have to live with software for a long time. As demonstrated by the Y2K problem, computer professionals used a wrong time scale when thinking about software. Large software products live much longer than expected. It took a few decades to the research community to admit that software engineering was not only about software development, but above all, about software evolution. However, most academics still consider languages as immutable artefacts. Language/software co-evolution issues are still neglected. Migration issues are however commonplace in software industry. It is therefore time to recognize that languages evolve too. Languages are integral parts of software products. Languages are software too. This paper surveys a few models of evolution taking decades and centuries as time-scales. Then programming languages evolution over the last half-century is sketched by means of a metamodel movie.
Towards Ad-Hoc GPU Acceleration Of Parallel Eigensystem Computations

This paper explores the early implementation of high- performance routines for the solution of multiple large Hermitian eigenvector and eigenvalue systems on a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). We report a perfor- mance increase of up to two orders of magnitude over the original EISPACK routines with a NVIDIA Tesla C2050 GPU, potentially allowing an order of magnitude in- crease in the complexity or resolution of a neutron scat- tering modeling application.
The Association and Relation of ABO Blood Group with the Breast Cancer in Kirkuk Governorate

Background: Cancer is common; it is the second most common cause of death in the Western worlds, Breast cancer accounts for around 20-25% of all female cancers in both India and UK world. There are differences between the percentages of patients with various malignant tumors in our country and those in the Western world. ABO blood groups are a stable feature of a population and they differ among various socioeconomic, geographical and ethnic groups and many risk factors are associated with the development of breast cancer. It is mentioned that bloods type has an influence on susceptibility and outcomes Objectives: The aims of this study are: Materials and patients: This study has been carried in Azady teaching hospital in Kirkuk on 250 patients with breast cancer and classified according to their blood group. The control sample was 300 healthy donors from Kirkuk blood bank and classified according to their ABO group and frequency of each sample estimated statistically and compared with each other. Results: This study shows the distribution ABO blood groups among patients with breast cancer were as follow: blood group type (A) 64% (160) , blood group type (O) 18% (45) , (B) 9.6% (24) , and( AB) 8.4% (21) For the donors healthy control, ABO blood groups percentage were as follow: type (O) 36 % (108) type (A) 29.4% (88), type (B) 20.6% (62), and type (AB) 14% (42). The distribution of blood group among the patients with breast cancer and the donors from normal population that the result is highly significant (p<0.000). Conclusions: The study shows a strong correlation between the ABO group type and breast cancer and the highest frequency and percentage of patients with breast cancer was in blood group type (A).
An innovative method of acquiring optimization for image retrieval via dual clustering method based on segmentation

In past era it has been observed that there is an inordinate awareness in exploration continuously in the area of content-based image retrieval. This proceeds smooth approach for a huge amount of new methods and classifications and a budding attention in related meadows to sustenance such systems. Clustering has involved a lot of exploration consideration owing to its numerous solicitations. The anticipated innovative clustering technique constructed on two fields called Dual Clustering Method Based on Segmentation (DCMBS), where one field denotes to the optimization and the other mentions to the limitation. This projected DCMBS intentions to enhance the impartial task in the optimization field however sustaining the limit quantified in the control field. The suggested DCMBS created a well-organized and active process to extent the goal excellently. Though this Dual clustering technique established on separation (DCMBS) accomplishes entity clustering in equally three-dimensional (Spatial) and non-spatial domains that cannot be dispensed using glowing by outdated clustering approaches. Investigational outcomes display that the planned technique designed for image recovery is supplementary to exact, well-organized and fairly explicable in spite of the ease of use of the present recovering processes.
Expression of Testis Specific Genes TSGA10, TEX101 and ODF3 in Breast Cancer

Background Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women around the world so finding new biomarkers for early detection and also study on molecular aspects of breast cancer is valuable. Cancer testis genes are a group of genes expressed solely in testis and in a range of human malignancies. Objectives In this study we determined the expression of cancer testis genes Tsga10, TEX101 and ODF3 in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods Fifty patients with breast cancer were enrolled in this study. Breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were also used to determine the expression of testis cancer genes. For both patients and cell lines, cancer testis genes of TSGA10, TEX101 and ODF3 were determined by RT-PCR. The presence of auto antibody against these genes in patients’ serums was carried on by ELISA method. Results Seventy percent of patients showed TSGA10 expression but none of them showed expression of TEX101 and ODF3. Fourteen percent of patients were positive for anti TSGA10 but all patients were negative for anti TEX101 and anti ODF3. Both of breast cancer cell lines exhibited very strong expression of TSGA10. Conclusions Because of the important roles of Tsga10 in cell proliferation, we concluded that this gene may have a role in proliferation and survival of breast cancer cells and could be used for diagnosis and immunotherapy of breast cancer.
Comparison of objective quality assessment methods for scalable video coding

Appropriate delivery of a video material over networks under various conditions represents a certain challenge. It is necessary to adapt video content in order to ensure the best possible quality of transmitted material in every moment, regarding to variable network conditions. This problem can be solved with scalable video coding - SVC. Since subjective video quality tests are complex and comprehensive, in this paper the scalable coded video materials are evaluated with several objective video quality metrics. The general idea was to find out which of them gives the best match with the results of subjective tests for scalable coded video materials. There is shown the correlation between subjective and objective tests and general conclusions are drown.
A "real world" examination of PV system design and performance

There is no substitute for experience when it comes to designing a PV power system. Almost all system requirements are unique in some way and the ability to anticipate the on-site challenges and design the system accordingly can help ensure an optimum system performance. It's the system performance that is measured and noted by the system user, not the solar panel performance. Although the solar panel usually gets blamed when performance is less than expected, it is usually a system problem such as a poor choice of components, inefficient system architecture, poor installation techniques, or possibly, the wrong PV technology for the application. Especially for the larger PV systems, the key challenge is to design a system that matches the requirements, the environment, location and application, resulting in a high level of performance.