Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Functional Interplay between the 53BP1-Ortholog Rad9 and the Mre11 Complex Regulates Resection, End-Tethering and Repair of a Double-Strand Break

The Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 nuclease complex, together with Sae2, initiates the 5′-to-3′ resection of Double-Strand DNA Breaks (DSBs). Extended 3′ single stranded DNA filaments can be exposed from a DSB through the redundant activities of the Exo1 nuclease and the Dna2 nuclease with the Sgs1 helicase. In the absence of Sae2, Mre11 binding to a DSB is prolonged, the two DNA ends cannot be kept tethered, and the DSB is not efficiently repaired. Here we show that deletion of the yeast 53BP1-ortholog RAD9 reduces Mre11 binding to a DSB, leading to Rad52 recruitment and efficient DSB end-tethering, through an Sgs1-dependent mechanism. As a consequence, deletion of RAD9 restores DSB repair either in absence of Sae2 or in presence of a nuclease defective MRX complex. We propose that, in cells lacking Sae2, Rad9/53BP1 contributes to keep Mre11 bound to a persistent DSB, protecting it from extensive DNA end resection, which may lead to potentially deleterious DNA deletions and genome rearrangements.
A Methodology for Adaptive Speech Recognition Systems and a Development Environment

A methodology and environment for building adaptive speech recognition systems is presented. The development environment is designed for isolated word recognition systems. A small speech recognition system is developed for a home automation system. It is demonstrated that one of the available connectionist models within this environment called ECoS, can accommodate new speakers and expand its output dimensions to recognise new words while maintaining its previously learned knowledge.
Micromachined inertial sensors

The emergence of micro sensors and actuators is pushing forward the revolution of intelligent systems technology. Intelligent systems technology allows a dramatic change in the way that machines, tools, and systems serve humans. This paper reviews recent R&D and commercial status of inertial sensors using silicon micromachining technologies and discusses the requirement for commercialization of the research results.
A case of eosinophilic orbital myositis associated with CSS

We report a novel case of eosinophilic orbital myositis associated with Churg–Strauss syndrome. A 56-year-old man with a 20-year history of chronic sinusitis and seasonal allergic rhinitis was admitted because of fever, swelling of cheeks and extremities, diplopia, and eosinophilia. With findings from gadolinium-enhanced FST1WI of the orbits and a muscle biopsy of the skeletal muscle, the diagnosis was made. He was treated with oral corticosteroid, and his symptoms rapidly improved.
Parenclitic Network Analysis of Methylation Data for Cancer Identification

We make use of ideas from the theory of complex networks to implement a machine learning classification of human DNA methylation data, that carry signatures of cancer development. The data were obtained from patients with various kinds of cancers and represented as parenclictic networks, wherein nodes correspond to genes, and edges are weighted according to pairwise variation from control group subjects. We demonstrate that for the 10 types of cancer under study, it is possible to obtain a high performance of binary classification between cancer-positive and negative samples based on network measures. Remarkably, an accuracy as high as 93−99% is achieved with only 12 network topology indices, in a dramatic reduction of complexity from the original 15295 gene methylation levels. Moreover, it was found that the parenclictic networks are scale-free in cancer-negative subjects, and deviate from the power-law node degree distribution in cancer. The node centrality ranking and arising modular structure could provide insights into the systems biology of cancer.
An Injury Prevention Strategy for Teen Restaurant Workers

High levels of youth employment, workplace hazards, and characteristics unique to adolescents contribute to a relatively high incidence of injuries among teens in the restaurant industry. This article discusses the ProSafety model of injury prevention among teen restaurant workers. Through integration with an existing career and technical education program, the ProSafety project seeks to prevent occupational injuries among the teen worker population through classroom safety education and internship skills reinforcement. ProSafety is the product of an innovative collaboration with occupational health nurses, business professionals, educators, and government. Its approach is derived from Social Cognitive Theory, is consistent with key values and strategies of occupational health nurses, and provides lessons for practitioners seeking to reduce occupational injuries in food service or among other populations of adolescent workers.
Red blood cell generation from human induced pluripotent stem cells: perspectives for transfusion medicine

Background Ex vivo manufacture of red blood cells from stem cells is a potential means to ensure an adequate and safe supply of blood cell products. Advances in somatic cell reprogramming of human induced pluripotent stem cells have opened the door to generating specific cells for cell therapy. Human induced pluripotent stem cells represent a potentially unlimited source of stem cells for erythroid generation for transfusion medicine. Design and Methods We characterized the erythroid differentiation and maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell lines obtained from human fetal (IMR90) and adult fibroblasts (FD-136) compared to those of a human embryonic stem cell line (H1). Our protocol comprises two steps: (i) differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells by formation of embryoid bodies with indispensable conditioning in the presence of cytokines and human plasma to obtain early erythroid commitment, and (ii) differentiation/maturation to the stage of cultured red blood cells in the presence of cytokines. The protocol dispenses with major constraints such as an obligatory passage through a hematopoietic progenitor, co-culture on a cellular stroma and use of proteins of animal origin. Results We report for the first time the complete differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into definitive erythrocytes capable of maturation up to enucleated red blood cells containing fetal hemoglobin in a functional tetrameric form. Conclusions Red blood cells generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells pave the way for future development of allogeneic transfusion products. This could be done by banking a very limited number of red cell phenotype combinations enabling the safe transfusion of a great number of immunized patients.
Clinical Practice Experiences in Diagnosis and Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury in Children: A Survey among Clinicians at 9 Large Hospitals in China

Proper diagnosis and treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children is becoming an increasingly problematic issue in China. This study investigated Chinese clinicians to provide information about their knowledge and experiences in diagnosis and treatment of pediatric TBI. We conducted a questionnaire survey among clinicians in the emergency departments and neurosurgery departments at 9 major hospitals in China. The questionnaire included demographic information, and knowledge and experiences regarding the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric TBI. A total of 235 clinicians completed questionnaires. 43.8% of the surveyed clinicians reported children with only scalp hematoma without any other signs and symptoms of concussion as TBI cases. Most clinicians (85.1%) reported no existing uniform diagnostic criteria for children with TBI in China. The majority of clinicians (91.9%) reported that CT scans were performed in all patients with suspected head injury as a routine procedure in their hospitals. Only 20.9% of clinicians believed that radiation from CT scanning may increase cancer risk in children. About 33.6% of the clinicians reported that they ordered CT scans to investigate suspected head injury due to the poor doctor-patient relationship in China, and to protect themselves against any medical lawsuits in the future. About 80% of the clinicians reported that there are no existing pediatric TBI treatment guidelines in China. Instead a senior doctor’s advice is the most reported guidelines regarding treating pediatric TBI (66.0%). All of the surveyed clinicians reported that the lack of diagnosis and/or treatment standard is the biggest problem in effectively diagnosing and treating pediatric TBI in China. Developing guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of children with TBI is a high priority in China. The extremely high usage of CT for pediatric TBI in China suggests that it is important to establish evidence-based clinical decision rules to help Chinese clinicians make diagnostic and therapeutic decisions during their practice in order to identify children unlikely to have a clinically-important TBI who can be safely discharged without a CT scan.
A High-Performance Memory-Efficient Pattern Matching Algorithm and Its Implementation

Because of its accuracy, pattern matching technique has recently been applied to Internet security applications such as intrusion detection/prevention, anti-virus, and anti-malware. Among the various pattern matching algorithms, the Aho-Corasick (AC) can match multiple pattern strings simultaneously with worst-case performance guarantee and thus is widely adopted. However, the throughput performance of the original AC may not be satisfactory for high speed environments because only one symbol is processed in an operation cycle. In this paper we present an extension of the AC algorithm where multiple symbols are processed in an operation cycle to improve throughput performance. In our proposed scheme, all pattern strings, and the input text string as well, are divided into K substrings, if K symbols are processed in an operation cycle. Moreover, K pattern search engines are employed to scan the text substrings in parallel. As a result, the throughput performance can be improved by K times. We implemented our proposed pattern matching scheme with Xilinx FPGA and achieved more than 4.5 Gbps throughput for K=4
Can unsafe sex behind bars be barred?

In this issue of the Journal, Wolfe et al. describe an outbreak of syphilis in an Alabama prison system.1 Their study demonstrates that inmates in correctional facilities do have sexual contact with each other and that unprotected sex can have devastating consequences. In this investigation, syphilis was transmitted when inmates had sex in a jail (a short-stay facility for inmates awaiting trial) and then returned to prison (a long-term facility for convicted offenders) and had contact with new partners there. Fortunately, no HIV was transmitted in this outbreak, although risk factors for such a spread were, of course, present.
EFFECTS OF HAND ON EM ABSORPTION AND ANTENNA PERFORMANCES FOR INTERNAL HANDSET PIFA

Preliminary communication The aim of this investigation is to analyse the effects of hand on electromagnetic (EM) absorption and antenna performances. The EM absorption is evaluated by using the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the human head and total absorbed power by the user in this paper. The antenna performance’s parameters comprising radiation efficiency, total efficiency, gain and bandwidth are considered in this investigation. The analysis was performed using mobile phone with a human head and hand model in both cheek and tilt positions. The main part of the investigation is based on the finite-difference timedomain (FDTD) method. The results show that the SAR values are decreased and total absorbed power by user increased rapidly due to insertion of hand model. The user’s hand also leads to degrade antenna’s communication performance considerably. Moreover, the presented analysis provides some useful indication to design handset antenna considering hand effects.
Une démarche knowledge management, de la stratégie au système d'information de l'entreprise

Cette contribution presente des travaux sur l'exploitation des techniques d'ingenierie des connaissances en vue de l'elaboration d'une demarche pour le transfert des savoir-faire metiers au sein de l'Entreprise. Ce transfert se base sur la conception des dispositifs de partage et d'apprentissage a partir des connaissances bien identifiees. L'accent a ete mis sur les aspects alignement strategique et criticite des domaines de connaissances sur lesquels des efforts doivent etre fournis en termes de capitalisation, de partage, d'apprentissage et de transfert. Ces travaux ont eu lieu dans le cadre d'un projet pilote dont nous presentons, ici, le retour d'experience.
A new method based on hough transform for quick line and circle detection

Hough transform (HT) is a typical method to detect or segment geometry objects from images. In this paper, we study the principle of Hough Transform and its mathematical expressions, and try to use a new approach based on Hough transform for quick line and circle detection in image processing. Our method accurately detected some simple graphics, such as straight line of different direction, circles of different detection, thickness and different number. The results show that our method is less memory consumption and calculated fast, which could be applied for line detection and segmentation in 3D ultrasonic image.
Physical properties of solid dispersions of poorly water-soluble drugs with enteric coating agents.

Enteric coating agents, such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate, methacrylic acidmethacrylic acid methyl ester copolymer, cellulose acetate phthalate, carboxymethylethylcellulose, were investigated as possible carriers for poorly water-soluble drugs in solid dispersions. In most cases, the drugs were present in amorphous form in the solid dispersions of 1 : 3 weight ratio of drug to polymer, though griseofulvin and phenytoin were not. Dissolution behavior was investigated using nifedipine, griseofulvin or spironolactone as a drug. The amorphous solid dispersions showed supersaturation phenomena in JPX 2nd fluid (pH 6.8), but the dissolution rate was suppressed in JPX 1st fluid (pH 1.2). It was confirmed that the physicochemical state of solid dispersions plays a predominant role in the dissolution of the drug from the solid dispersions.
Adult Daughters’ Family Structure and the Association Between Reciprocity and Relationship Quality

The study explores whether family structure is a moderator of the associations between help exchange, reciprocity of this exchange, and the quality of the mother and adult daughter relationship. A total of 183 daughters (mean age = 42.13; SD = 4.91) are either in first marriage (n = 87), living with a new partner after divorce (n = 77), or unmarried or divorced in a single-parent household (n = 99). The analyses are based on the daughters’ self-reports. Results show that intimacy in a relationship is more strongly associated with help exchange for daughters in first marriage than for both groups of divorced daughters. Among daughters who perceive that they give more help than they receive, only the single daughters report more conflict. Findings point to a higher importance of balance in support for single daughters.
MYH mutations in patients with attenuated and classic polyposis and with young-onset colorectal cancer without polyps.

BACKGROUND & AIMS MYH-associated polyposis is a recently described disease that is characterized by multiple colorectal adenomas and a recessive pattern of inheritance. Individuals with MYH-associated polyposis have biallelic mutations in MYH, a base excision repair gene, and are negative for germline mutations in the APC gene. In this study, the 2 most prevalent MYH mutations in white persons, Y165C and G382D, were analyzed for their presence in 984 subjects selected from 3 groups: 400 undergoing screening colonoscopy and found to have 0-3 polyps, 444 with colorectal cancer (CRC), and 140 referred for APC mutation analysis in which a germline mutation was not identified. METHODS Genotyping for Y165C and G382D was performed by Pyrosequencing. RESULTS Biallelic mutations for Y165C and/or G382D were not found in any of those undergoing screening colonoscopy with 0-3 polyps (n = 400), in those APC-negative patients with <20 adenomatous polyps (n = 26), or in those with CRC who were older than 50 years (n = 328). Furthermore, these 2 MYH mutations were not found among patients whose tumors showed the presence of defective DNA mismatch repair (n = 62). However, the presence of biallelic germline MYH mutations correlated with the presence of >or=20 adenomatous polyps. Interestingly, 2 of the 116 individuals with CRC diagnosed at 50 years of age or younger also presented with biallelic germline mutations in MYH. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that screening of MYH should be considered not only in patients with multiple polyps but also in patients with early-onset CRC.
An approach to feature selection and classification of remote sensing images based on the Bayes rule for minimum cost

Classification of remote-sensing images is usually carried out by using approaches aimed at minimizing the overall error affecting land-cover maps. However, in several remote-sensing problems, it could be useful to perform classification by taking into account the different consequences (and hence the different costs) associated with each kind of error. This allows one to obtain land-cover maps in which the total classification cost involved by errors is minimized, instead of the overall classification error. To this end an approach to feature selection and classification of remote-sensing images based on the Bayes rule for minimum cost (BRMC) is proposed. In particular a feature-selection criterion function is presented that permits one to select the features to be given as input to a classifier by taking into account the different cost associated with each confused pair of land-cover classes. Moreover, a classification technique based on the BRMC and implemented by using a neural network is described. The results of experiments carried out on a multisource data set concerning the Island of Elba (Italy) point out the ability of the proposed minimum cost approach to produce land-cover maps in which the consequences of each kind of error are considered.
[Protective effect of catechin on renal microvessels in 5/6 nephrectomized rats and its mechanism].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of catechin on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, angiotensin II(Ang II) content and microvessel density (MVD) in renal tissues of 5/6 nephrectomized rats. METHODS Sixty SD rats were divided into 3 groups: sham-operated group, untreated group and catechin group. Animal model was reproduced by 5/6 nephrectomy. After 8- and 12-week administration, rats were sacrificed. Renal MVD was measured by immunohistochemical method with CD34 marking. Activities of ACE in plasma and renal cortices were measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and Ang II contents in plasma and renal cortices were measured by radioimmunoassay. Glomerular sclerosis index (GSI) and tubule interstitial score (TIS) were calculated by semiquantitative integration with hematoxylin and eosin staining and periodic acid-Schiff staining. RESULTS After 8- and 12-week administration, the GSI and TIS in the catechin group were much less than those in the untreated group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). MVDs around glomerulus and tubule at the end of the 8th and 12th week in the untreated group and the catechin group were much less than those in the sham-operated group (P < 0.01). The ACE activities and Ang II contents in plasma and renal cortices in the catechin group were much less than those in the untreated group (P < 0.01). By Pearson correlation analysis, we found that MVD had negative correlation with GSI, TIS, Ang II content, and ACE activity (P < 0.01), however, the ACE activity and Ang II content had positive correlation with GSI, TIS (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Catechin can prevent the 5/6 nephrectomized rats from decreasing of MVD and inhibit the progress of glomerular sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis by inhibiting the activity of ACE and reducing the production of Ang II.
A STUDY OF PSYCHIATRIC MORBIDITY OF A RURAL COMMUNITY AT AN INTERVAL OF TEN YEARS*

SUMMARY A field survey of psychiatric morbidity was conducted in a village by a door to door survey. The survey was repeated after 10 years by the same team and by the same method. The aim was to compare the rates of mental morbidity of the community at the interval of a decade and to trace out during the second survey all the persons - both ill and well - found in the first survey and to assess their mental health status. Though the total morbidity did not change from 1972 to 1982 there was a definite rise in the rates of morbidity of Hysteria and Anxiety showed a slight fall in 1982. The health population of 1972 traced and assessed in 1982 showed a lower rate of morbidity than the total population of 1982. The rate of recovery of the morbid stock assessed after ten years was about 29 % and as many as 14.8% of the morbid people died during this period. This death rate is much higher than that of healthy population assessed after ten years (h.9%). 47.8% of the cases detected in the first survey were found to be ill during the second survey richer with the same diagnosis or with a new diagnosis.
Disruption of Epithelial Barrier Integrity by Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Requires Geranylgeranylated Proteins

ABSTRACT Epithelial cells that line the human intestinal mucosa constitute the initial sites of host invasion by bacterial pathogens. A number of bacteria, such as Salmonella and Yersinia spp. , have been shown to disrupt the integrity of the epithelial barrier, although little is known about the mechanisms underlying that effect. We found that polarized MDCK-1 epithelial cells infected with invasive Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344 exhibited marked changes in F-actin organization, an increase in the paracellular flux of dextran, and a rapid decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). In contrast, infection with an isogenic noninvasive mutant (hilA) increased the TER in these cells. Pretreating MDCK-1 cells with the inhibitors for tyrosine kinase (genistein) or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (wortmannin) did not affect invasion and subsequent perturbation of the epithelial barrier by serovar Typhimurium. Instead, the geranylgeranyltransferase 1 inhibitor GGTI-298, but not the farnesyltransferase inhibitor FTI-277, clearly reversed the capacity of serovar Typhimurium to disrupt the epithelial barrier. The substrates for GGTI-298 include Rho family GTPases, as indicated by inhibiting prenylation of Rac1 and Cdc42. Infection with wild-type serovar Typhimurium increased the level of activated Rac1 and Cdc42 and caused these proteins to accumulate apically in MDCK-1 cells. This Salmonella-induced accumulation of Rac1 and Cdc42 and alteration of the junction-associated proteins ZO-1, occludin, and E-cadherin in MDCK-1 cells were markedly inhibited by GGTI-298. These results suggest that activation of geranylgeranylated proteins, including Rac1 and Cdc42, is critical for disruption of barrier integrity by serovar Typhimurium in polarized MDCK-1 cells.