Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of Chlorobium sp. Strain N1, a Marine Fe(II)-Oxidizing Green Sulfur Bacterium

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of the halotolerant photoferrotroph Chlorobium sp. strain N1. This draft genome provides insights into the genomic potential of the only marine Fe(II)-oxidizing green sulfur bacterium (GSB) available in culture and expands our views on the metabolic capabilities of Fe(II)-oxidizing GSB more generally. ABSTRACT Here, we present the draft genome sequence of the halotolerant photoferrotroph Chlorobium sp. strain N1. This draft genome provides insights into the genomic potential of the only marine Fe(II)-oxidizing green sulfur bacterium (GSB) available in culture and expands our views on the metabolic capabilities of Fe(II)-oxidizing GSB more generally.
Object Tracking via Tensor Kernel Space Projection

Although there has been significant progress in the past decade, object tracking under complex environment is still a very challenging task, due to the irregular changes in object appearance. To alleviate these problems, this research developed an object tracking algorithm via tensor kernel space projection. In the initial stage of tracking, a template matching algorithm was used to obtain a priori images of the appearance of the object. The steps taken were as follows: define the tensor kernel function based on a multi-linear singular value decomposition, view the object appearance color image as tensor data, calculate the kernel matrix for the priori appearance image samples, use KPCA to obtain the projection matrix of the image samples in kernel space, and finally, obtain an optimal estimate of the object state through Bayesian sequence interference. Meanwhile, the projection matrix in kernel space was updated on-line. Experiments on two real video surveillance sequences were conducted to evaluate the proposed algorithm against two classical tracking algorithms both qualitatively and quantitatively. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is robust in handing occlusion and object scale changes.
Role of maturation-promoting factor (p34cdc2-cyclin B) in differential expression of the Xenopus oocyte and somatic-type 5S RNA genes

Transcription of 5S rRNA and tRNA genes by RNA polymerase III (pol III) in cytosolic extracts of unfertilized Xenopus eggs and in a reconstituted system derived from Xenopus oocytes is repressed by the action of one or more mitotic protein kinases. Repression is due to the phosphorylation of a component of the pol III transcription apparatus. We find that the maturation/mitosis-promoting factor kinase (MPF, p34cdc2-cyclin B) can directly mediate this repression in vitro. Affinity-purified MPF and immune complexes formed with antibodies to the protein subunits of MPF (p34cdc2 and cyclin B) retain both histone H1 kinase activity and the capacity to repress transcription in the reconstituted transcription system. Transcription complexes of oocyte-type 5S RNA genes and tRNA genes are quantitatively more sensitive to MPF repression than the corresponding transcription complexes of the somatic-type 5S RNA gene. The differential transcription of oocyte- and somatic-type genes observed during early Xenopus embryogenesis has been reproduced with the reconstituted transcription system and affinity-purified MPF. This differential transcription may be due to the instability of transcription complexes on the oocyte-type genes and the heightened sensitivity of soluble transcription factors to inactivation by mitotic phosphorylation. Our results suggest that MPF may play a role in vivo in the establishment of the embryonic pattern of pol III gene expression.
Optimal Overcurrent relays coordination using particle-swarm-optimization algorithm

for optimal co-ordination of Overcurrent (OC) relays, linear programming techniques such as simplex, two-phase simplex and dual simplex are used. Another way of optimal coordination program is using artificial intelligent system such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. In this paper a new approach will be used for optimal coordination of OC relays based on particle swarm algorithm. In this work we take into account both time setting multiplier (TSM) and plug setting multiplier (PSM) of OC relays in optimization procedure. Most OC relays accept only discrete values as TSM and PSM, and you should change your final answers to discrete form and this may corrupt the optimization. In this paper the act of quantizing the answers is taken into account as a part of optimization procedure, so the outputs are optimized discrete TSM's and PSM's. In other words the novelty of the paper is taking into account the PSM in addition to TSM to handle miscoordination problems both for continues and discrete TSM and PSM. The results obtained are quite encouraging and will be useful as an effective tool for coordination OC relays.
Low Cost High Efficiency Unipolar Converter for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

This paper describes the development of a low cost power converter for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). Only low side switches are used for motor control similar to unipolar brushless DC (BLDC) converters but much higher efficiency is achieved because no snubber circuit is needed. Instead of being dissipated on snubbers the energy is re-circulated over a buck converter. So the converter topology can be shown as a multi »phase« BOOST — single »phase« BUCK converter (C-dump converter) where the PMSM windings represent the inductors of the boost part. PMSM control is performed with signals derived from embedded Hall sensors and developed low cost circuitry.
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Linked to Near Infrared (NIR) Dyes Conjugated to Chimeric Anti-Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Antibody Enhances Imaging of Liver Metastases in a Nude-Mouse Model of Human Colon Cancer

We report here that polyethylene glycol (PEG) linked to near infrared dyes conjugated to chimeric mouse-human anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibody greatly improves imaging of liver metastases in a nude mouse model of colon-cancer experimental metastases. PEGylated and non-PEGylated DyLight 650 and 750 dyes were conjugated to the chimeric anti-CEA antibody. The dyes were initially injected intravenously into nude mice without tumors. Tissue biodistribution was determined by tissue sonication and analyzing tissue dye concentration profiles over time. PEGylated dyes had significantly lower accumulation in the liver (p = 0.03 for the 650 dyes; p = 0.002 for the 750 dyes) compared to non-PEGylated dyes. In an experimental liver metastasis model of HT-29 colon cancer, PEGylated dyes conjugated to the anti-CEA antibody showed good labeling of metastatic tumors with high contrast between normal and malignant tissue which was not possible with the non-PEGylated dyes since there was so much non-specific accumulation in the liver. PEGylation of the DyLight 650 and 750 NIR dyes significantly altered tissue biodistribution, allowing brighter tissue labeling, decreased accumulation in normal organs, particularly the liver. This enabled high fidelity and high contrast imaging of liver metastases.
Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation Pastiche: Making Backup Cheap and Easy

Backup is cumbersome and expensive. Individual users almost never back up their data, and backup is a significant cost in large organizations. This paper presents Pastiche, a simple and inexpensive backup system. Pastiche exploits excess disk capacity to perform peer-to-peer backup with no administrative costs. Each node minimizes storage overhead by selecting peers that share a significant amount of data. It is easy for common installations to find suitable peers, and peers with high overlap can be identified with only hundreds of bytes. Pastiche provides mechanisms for confidentiality , integrity, and detection of failed or malicious peers. A Pastiche prototype suffers only 7.4% overhead for a modified Andrew Benchmark, and restore performance is comparable to cross-machine copy.
What Does It Mean ? Nongenomic , ER-Mediated Activation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase : : How Does It

Work? What Does It Mean? Nongenomic, ER-Mediated Activation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase: : How Does It Print ISSN: 0009-7330. Online ISSN: 1524-4571 Copyright © 2000 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation Research doi: 10.1161/01.RES.87.11. 956 2000;87:956-960 Circ Res. http://circres.ahajournals. org/content/87/11/956 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the
Use of uniformly sized muscle fiber fragments for restoration of muscle tissue function

Treatment of extensive muscle loss due to traumatic injury, congenital defects, or tumor ablations is clinically challenging. The current treatment standard is grafting of autologous muscle flaps; however, significant donor site morbidity and graft tissue availability remain a problem. Alternatively, muscle fiber therapy has been attempted to treat muscle injury by transplanting single fibers into the defect site. However, irregularly organized long fibers resulted in low survivability due to delay in vascular and neural integration, thus limiting the therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, no effective method is available to permanently restore extensive muscle injuries. To address the current limitations, we developed a novel method that produces uniformly sized native muscle fiber fragments (MFFs) for muscle transplantation. We hypothesized that fragmentation of muscle fibers into small and uniformly sized fragments would allow for rapid reassembly and efficient engraftment within the defect site, resulting in accelerated recovery of muscle function. Our results demonstrate that the processed MFFs have a dimension of approximately 100 μm and contain living muscle cells on extracellular matrices. In preclinical animal studies using volumetric defect and urinary incontinence models, histological and functional analyses confirmed that the transplanted MFFs into the injury sites were able to effectively integrate with host muscle tissue, vascular, and neural systems, which resulted in significant improvement of muscle function and mass. These results indicate that the MFF technology platform is a promising therapeutic option for the restoration of muscle function and can be applied to various muscle defect and injury cases.
Does Mediastinitis Affect the Graft Patency?

Abstract As inflammation began to be recognized as a major contributor to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we evaluated the patients that developed mediastinitis, a long‐standing inflammatory process, after coronary artery bypass grafting. There are many studies that have focused on the graft patency. But, till now, no study has been done to detect the effects of mediastinitis to graft patency. So, we aimed to detect the effect of mediastinitis on the graft patency in patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass surgery. Sixteen of 45 patients who have been operated upon for coronary artery bypass surgery and developed mediastinitis, which was treated with open drainage and mediastinal irrigation with late wound closure, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 55 ± 11 (range 35–69) and nine of the patients were male. The graft patency was evaluated with control coronary angiographies after a mean period of 30.42 ± 43.17 months (range 1–132). The left internal thoracic artery was patent in all patients (100%). Right internal thoracic artery patency rate was 50% (1/2). One individual bypassed radial artery was patent, whereas the sequential bypassed graft was occluded. The patency ratio of radial artery anastomosis was 33% (1/3). Twelve of the 17 saphenous vein grafts were patent (70.58%). The total number of patent distal anastomosis was 30/38 (78.94%). When compared with the graft patency of patients without infection, it was found that mediastinitis does not affect the graft patency rates adversely.
Context-Gated Statistical Learning and Its Role in Visual-Saccadic Decisions

Adaptive behavior in a nonstationary world requires humans to learn and track the statistics of the environment. We examined the mechanisms of adaptation in a nonstationary environment in the context of visual-saccadic inhibition of return (IOR). IOR is adapted to the likelihood that return locations will be refixated in the near future. We examined 2 potential learning mechanisms underlying adaptation: (a) a local tracking or priming mechanism that facilitates behavior that is consistent with recent experience and (b) a mechanism that supports retrieval of knowledge of the environmental statistics based on the contextual features of the environment. Participants generated sequences of 2 saccadic eye movements in conditions where the probability that the 2nd saccade was directed back to the previously fixated location varied from low (.17) to high (.50). In some conditions, the contingency was signaled by a contextual cue (the shape of the movement cue). Adaptation occurred in the absence of contextual signals but was more pronounced in the presence of contextual cues. Adaptation even occurred when different contingencies were randomly intermixed, showing the parallel formation of multiple associations between context and statistics. These findings are accounted for by an evidence accumulation framework in which the resting baseline of decision alternatives is adjusted on a trial-by-trial basis. This baseline tracks the subjective prior beliefs about the behavioral relevance of the different alternatives and is updated on the basis of the history of recent events and the contextual features of the current environment.
Topography of olivo‐cortico‐nuclear modules in the intermediate cerebellum of the rat

This study provides a detailed anatomical description of the relation between olivo‐cortico‐nuclear modules of the intermediate cerebellum of the rat and the intrinsic zebrin pattern of the Purkinje cells. Strips of climbing fibers were labeled using small injections of biotinylated dextran amine into either the medial or dorsal accessory olives, while, in some cases, simultaneous retrograde labeling of Purkinje cells was obtained using gold‐lectin injections into selected parts of the interposed nuclei. Our data are represented in a new, highly detailed, cortical surface reconstruction of the zebrin pattern and in relation to the collateral labeling of the climbing fibers to the cerebellar nuclei. We show that the somatotopic regions of the dorsal accessory olive behave differently in their projections to essentially zebrin‐negative regions that represent the C1 and C3 zones of the anterior and posterior parts of the cortex. The rostral part of the medial accessory olive projects to zebrin‐positive areas, in particular to the P4+ band of the anterior lobe and lobule VI and to the P5+ band of the posterior lobe, indicating that C2 has two noncontiguous representations in the SL and crus 1. By relating the areas of overlap that resulted from the injections in the accessory olives, i.e., labeling of climbing fiber strips and patches of climbing fiber nuclear collaterals, with the results from the injections in the interposed nuclei, i.e., retrograde labeling of Purkinje cells and of inferior olivary neurons, direct verification of the concept of modular cerebellar connections was obtained. J. Comp. Neurol. 492:193–213, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Community Dwelling Elderly

Background Physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are important factors for optimal health in the elderly. Studying the association between PA and HRQoL is becoming more essential as the number of elderly people increases worldwide. This study assesses the association between PA and HRQoL among community dwelling elderly above 60 years old. Methods The study included 115 women and 61 men (mean age: 68.15 ± 6.74 years) recruited from the community and from public centers for the elderly. Data were collected using a background characteristics questionnaire (BCQ), a physical activity socio-cultural adapted questionnaire (PA-SCAQ), and the EuroQuol-5Dimensions-5Levels (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire. Between groups, comparisons were based on the PA-SCAQ by dividing the participants into three PA groups: low (n = 74), moderate (n = 85), and high (n = 17). Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed on the ordinal variables of the three PA groups to determine differences between the groups according to categorical variables such as gender, body mass index (BMI), and the prevalence of comorbid conditions. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed on the ordinal variables of the EuroQuol-5Dimensions (EQ-5D), and the independent sample t-test was performed on the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to examine the correlation between the EQ-5D and level of PA. Results Values in all dimensions of HRQoL were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the moderate and high PA groups compared with the low PA group. Significant correlations were recorded between the five dimensions of HRQoL and the level of PA (P < 0.001). The low PA group showed higher prevalence of hypertension (64%, P < 0.001) and diabetes (50%, P < 0.001). Conclusion There were strong associations between higher levels of PA and all dimensions of HRQoL. Therefore, adopting a PA lifestyle may contribute to better HRQoL among community dwelling elderly above 60 years old.
Traceability and completeness checking for agent-oriented systems

In this paper, we describe a rule-based approach to support traceability and completeness checking of design models and code specification of agent-oriented systems. The rules are specified in an extension of XQuery and allow the generation of traceability relations and checking of completeness of artifacts represented in Prometheus design models and JACK code specification. An example of an Electronic Bookstore agent oriented system is used to illustrate the work.
Distinct immunocyte-promoting and adipocyte-generating stromal components coordinate adipose tissue immune and metabolic tenors

Adipose tissue Tregs dynamically dialogue with stromal cells via the ST2:IL-33 axis in homeostasis and disease. Stromal sources of IL-33 in fat depots White adipose tissue (WAT) is home to Tregs and group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) that help keep inflammation under check. Two studies in this week’s issue probe WAT in search of cells producing the alarmin cytokine IL-33 that regulates Tregs and ILC2s. Spallanzani et al. used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize visceral WAT stromal cells and defined five distinct subtypes, with subtypes 1 to 3 producing IL-33 and subtypes 4 and 5 resembling adipocyte precursors. Mahlakõiv et al. identified adipose stem and progenitor cells as a source of IL-33 in all WAT depots and mesothelial cells as an additional source of IL-33 in visceral WAT. These studies improve our understanding of WAT stromal cell diversity and how the stromal cell landscape responds to physiological or pathological variations. See the related Research Article by Mahlakõiv et al. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key brakes on the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation that regulates local and systemic metabolic tenor. Breakdown of this regulation promotes type 2 diabetes. The cytokine IL-33 expands and sustains the unique Treg population residing within VAT. Here, relying on single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified the major IL-33 producers in VAT to be particular mesenchymal stromal cell subtypes, related to but distinct from adipocyte progenitor cells. We explored modulation of the VAT stromal cell landscape with physiologic variables such as age and sex, as well as its remodeling in pathogenic states like obesity. Last, we uncovered a VAT Treg:stromal cell negative regulatory loop that keeps the potent effect of IL-33 under rein.
A head-mounted operating binocular for augmented reality visualization in medicine - design and initial evaluation

Computer-aided surgery (CAS), the intraoperative application of biomedical visualization techniques, appears to be one of the most promising fields of application for augmented reality (AR), the display of additional computer-generated graphics over a real-world scene. Typically a device such as a head-mounted display (HMD) is used for AR. However, considerable technical problems connected with AR have limited the intraoperative application of HMDs up to now. One of the difficulties in using HMDs is the requirement for a common optical focal plane for both the realworld scene and the computer-generated image, and acceptance of the HMD by the user in a surgical environment. In order to increase the clinical acceptance of AR, we have adapted the Varioscope (Life Optics, Vienna), a miniature, cost-effective head-mounted operating binocular, for AR. In this paper, we present the basic design of the modified HMD, and the method and results of an extensive laboratory study for photogrammetric calibration of the Varioscope's computer displays to a real-world scene. In a series of 16 calibrations with varying zoom factors and object distances, mean calibration error was found to be 1.24 /spl plusmn/ 0.38 pixels or 0.12 /spl plusmn/ 0.05 mm for a 640 /spl times/ 480 display. Maximum error accounted for 3.33 /spl plusmn/ 1.04 pixels or 0.33 /spl plusmn/ 0.12 mm. The location of a position measurement probe of an optical tracking system was transformed to the display with an error of less than 1 mm in the real world in 56% of all cases. For the remaining cases, error was below 2 mm. We conclude that the accuracy achieved in our experiments is sufficient for a wide range of CAS applications.
Association of Socioeconomic Status and Brain Injury With Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Very Preterm Children

Key Points Question Does the association of brain injury with adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm neonates vary by the socioeconomic status of the parents? Findings In this cohort study of 226 preterm neonates, cognitive and motor outcomes were associated with different prenatal and postnatal clinical factors, with maternal education and brain injury having similar effect sizes for cognitive outcomes. Importantly, cognitive scores in preterm children in the higher-status group did not differ between those with and without brain injury. Meaning Maternal education is associated with cognitive outcome in preterm neonates, with higher status appearing to attenuate the association of brain injury with neurodevelopmental outcome.
Synthesis and in Vitro Antimicrobial Activity Screening of New 3‐Acetyl‐2,5‐disubstituted‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoline Derivatives

Thirteen new 3‐acetyl‐2,5‐disubstituted‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoline derivatives were synthesized from corresponding hydrazide‐hydrazones of isonicotinic acid in the reaction with acetic anhydride. The obtained compounds were identified with the use of spectral methods (IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, MS). In vitro antimicrobial activity screening of synthesized compounds against a panel of bacteria and fungi revealed interesting antibacterial and antifungal activity of tested 1,3,4‐oxadiazoline derivatives, which is comparable to that of commonly used antimicrobial agents.