Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anomalous pattern of ocean heat content during different phases of the solar cycle in the tropical Pacific

Abstract Solar radiation is a forcing of the climate system with a quasi-11-year period. As a quasi-period forcing, the influence of the phase of the solar cycle on the ocean system is an interesting topic of study. In this paper, the authors investigate a particular feature, the ocean heat content (OHC) anomaly, in different phases of the total solar irradiance (TSI) cycle. The results show that almost opposite spatial patterns appear in the tropical Pacific during the ascending and declining phases of the TSI cycle. Further analysis reveals the presence of the quasi-decadal (~11-year) solar signal in the SST, OHC and surface zonal wind anomaly field over the tropical Pacific with a high level of statistical confidence (>95%). It is noted that the maximum centers of the ocean temperature anomaly are trapped in the upper ocean above the main pycnocline, in which the variations of OHC are related closely with zonal wind and ocean currents.
Investigation of Campylobacter concisus gastric epithelial pathogenicity using AGS cells

Campylobacter concisus is an oral bacterium. Recent studies suggest that C. concisus may be involved in human gastric diseases. The mechanisms, however, by which C. concisus causes human gastric diseases have not been investigated. Here we examined the gastric epithelial pathogenicity of C. concisus using a cell culture model. Six C. concisus strains and the human gastric epithelial cell line AGS cells were used. IL-8 produced by AGS cells after incubation with C. concisus was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and AGS cell apoptosis was determined by caspase 3/7 activities. The effects of C. concisus on actin arrangement in AGS cells was determined using fluorescence staining. The effects of C. concisus on global gene expression in AGS cells was determined by transcriptomic analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The role of the upregulated CYP1A1 gene in gastric cancer survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. C. concisus induced production of IL-8 by AGS cells with strain variation. Significantly increased caspase 3/7 activities were observed in AGS cells incubated with C. concisus strains when compared to AGS cells without bacteria. C. concisus induced actin re-arrangement in AGS cells. C. concisus upregulated 30 genes in AGS cells and the upregulation of CYP1A1 gene was confirmed by qRT-PCR. The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that upregulation of CYP1A1 gene is associated with worse survival in gastric cancer patients. Our findings suggest that C. concisus may play a role in gastric inflammation and the progression of gastric cancer. Further investigation in clinical studies is warranted.
Experimental Analysis of Crack Formation at Sheet Metal Edges

During the pressing of sheet metal parts, cracks may form around the holes that weren't predicted by numerical simulations. These cracks are caused by the partial depletion of the forming capacity at the edges of the hole due to the preparation technology used, most often shearing. The aim of this article is to refine the simulation models by introducing boundary conditions to describe this condition. The Hole Expansion Test (HET), described in ISO 16630 and currently the only worldwide standardised method for determining the sensitivity of a material to edge crack formation, is used to determine the limiting deformation at the edge of the material. Materials commonly used in the automotive industry were chosen for the experiment. Holes were made in samples of each material according to ISO 16630 by shearing, laser cutting, and electro-discharge machining. The testing was carried out according to ISO 16630 at room temperature and the specimens were evaluated manually just before failure. The results obtained were evaluated and compared with theoretical premises. By refining simulation models and introducing boundary conditions that account for the depletion of forming capacity at the edges of holes, manufacturers can better predict and prevent the formation of cracks during the pressing of sheet metal parts. This can improve the quality and durability of automotive parts and lead to safer and more reliable vehicles.
Comparative effectiveness of cadaveric dissection versus anatomical models in teaching anatomy: A global analysis focused on medical schools in low and middle –income Countries versus High-Income Countries: A systematic review

Background: The general trends and issues related to anatomy teaching in medical schools, with a focus on the comparison between low and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs) is a huge topic in medical education history as arguments about effectiveness o the methods and instruments of the teaching is constantly discussed. There are significant disparities in anatomy teaching between HICs and LMICs, primarily driven by differences in resources and infrastructure. Aim: This systematic review aims to analyze the comparative effectiveness of cadaveric dissection versus anatomical models in teaching anatomy. The primary focus of this study is to assess the feasibility and practicality of employing cadaveric dissection versus anatomical models in resource-constrained settings Examine students’ perception and satisfaction with learning experience when taught anatomy using cadavers or anatomical models, Compare the outcomes and experiences of teaching anatomy with cadavers or models in medical schools and Evaluate the cultural and ethical aspects influencing the choice between cadaveric dissection and anatomical models in medical education. Method: A comprehensive search strategy was employed to identify relevant studies published in peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, and grey literature databases. Inclusion criteria encompassed articles reporting on of cadaveric dissection versus anatomical models in teaching anatomy. Conclusion: The comparative effectiveness of cadaveric dissection and anatomical models in teaching anatomy is a complex and multifaceted issue, with considerations extending beyond educational outcomes to encompass economic, logistical, and ethical dimensions. While both methods have their merits, medical schools in LMICs face distinct challenges that require innovative solutions.
A four-state Markov model for modelling bursty traffic and benchmarking of random early detection

Active Queue Management (AQM) techniques are crucial for managing packet transmission efficiently, maintaining network performance, and preventing congestion in routers. However, achieving these objectives demands precise traffic modeling and simulations in extreme and unstable conditions. The internet traffic has distinct characteristics, such as aggregation, burstiness, and correlation. This paper presents an innovative approach for modeling internet traffic, addressing the limitations of conventional modeling and conventional AQM methods' development, which are primarily designed to stabilize the network traffic. The proposed model leverages the power of multiple Markov Modulated Bernoulli Processes (MMBPs) to tackle the challenges of traffic modeling and AQM development. Multiple states with varying probabilities are used to model packet arrivals, thus capturing the burstiness inherent in internet traffic. Yet, the overall probability is maintained identical, irrespective of the number of states (one, two, or four), by solving linear equations with multiple variables. Random Early Detection (RED) was used as a case study method with different packet arrival probabilities based on MMBPs with one, two, and four states. The results showed that the proposed model influences the outcomes of AQM methods. Furthermore, it was found that RED might not effectively address network burstiness due to its relatively slow reaction time. As a result, it can be concluded that RED performs optimally only with a single-state model.
Analysis of Green Moral Obligation on Intention to Adopting Electric Vehicles (EV) with Openness to Changes and Self Enhancement as Moderating Variables

The purpose of this research is to predict and analyze the influence of Green Moral Obligation on consumers' intention to adopt EV (electric vehicle)s in Indonesia, with Self Enhancement and Openness to Change as moderating variables. The research subjects are driving consumers distributed across the entire territory of the Republic of Indonesia, with a sample size of 250 respondents distributed through online questionnaires using convenience sampling technique. The data analysis tool used SEM-PLS (SEM-Partial Least Squares). The results of this research indicate that the Green Moral Obligation variable has a significant impact on the intention to adopt electric vehicles, and the Self Enhancement and Openness to Change variables have been proven to positively moderate the relationship between Green Moral Obligation and the intention to adopt electric vehicles. This research is expected to be used for policy development in the automotive industry, as a reference for academics and researchers for further research or theory development.
Competition-based learning in medical school: A literature review

Introduction: The healthcare sector faces increasingly complex challenges, prompting curriculum reforms in medical education to enhance healthcare service. The prevalent curriculum, Integrative System-Based utilizes a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) variation for consistent and structured medical practice. Additionally, an alternative method, Competition-Based Learning, has been identified to boost student motivation, improve final grades, and foster collaboration and self-confidence. The aim of this study is to provide a brief summary about the role of competition-based learning in the learning process of medical students. Materials and Methods: Articles and studies were acquired from PubMed and ScienceDirect. Keywords used were: ‘competition’, ‘medical student’, ‘learning process’, ‘medical education’. Results: Several studies have shown that students’ participation in competitions can transform their perspective toward the competed field in a more positive manner, increase motivation to study specific fields, and serves as a evaluative instrument for refining competencies and addressing weakness. The implementation of competitions in the learning process has been proven to enhance students’ final grades. Conclusion: The implementation of Competition-Based Learning can be considered as a complement to the existing medical education curriculum.
In vitro interactions of proton pump inhibitors and azoles against pathogenic fungi

Introduction Azole resistance has been increasingly reported and become an issue for clinical managements of invasive mycoses. New strategy with combination therapy arises as a valuable and promising alternative option. The aim of the present study is to investigate the in vitro combinational effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and azoles against pathogenic fungi. Methods In vitro interactions of PPIs including omeprazole (OME), lansoprazole (LAN), pantoprazole (PAN), and rabeprazole (RAB), and commonly used azoles including itraconazole (ITC), posaconazole (POS), voriconazole (VRC) and fluconazole (FLC), were investigated via broth microdilution chequerboard procedure adapted from the CLSI M27-A3 and M38-A2. A total of 67 clinically isolated strains, namely 27 strains of Aspergillus spp. , 16 strains of Candida spp. , and 24 strains of dematiaceous fungi, were studied. C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) and A. flavus (ATCC 204304) was included to ensure quality control. Results PPIs individually did not exert any significant antifungal activity. The combination of OME with ITC, POS, or VRC showed synergism against 77.6%, 86.6%, and 4% strains of tested pathogenic fungi, respectively, while synergism of OME/FLC was observed in 50% strains of Candida spp. Synergism between PAN and ITC, POS, or VRC was observed against 47.8%, 77.6% and 1.5% strains of tested fungi, respectively, while synergism of PNA/FLC was observed in 50% strains of Candida spp. Synergism of LAN with ITC, POS, or VRC was observed against 86.6%, 86.6%, and 3% of tested strains, respectively, while synergism of LAN/FLC was observed in 31.3% strains of Candida spp. Synergy of the combination of RAB with ITC, POS, or VRC was observed against 25.4%, 64.2%, and 4.5% of tested strains, respectively, while synergism of RAB/FLC was observed in 12.5% of Candida spp. Among PPIs, synergism was least observed between RAB and triazoles, while among triazoles, synergism was least observed between VRC and PPIs. Among species, synergy was much more frequently observed in Aspergillus spp. and dematiaceous fungi as compared to Candida spp. Antagonism between PPIs with ITC or VRC was occasionally observed in Aspergillus spp. and dematiaceous fungi. It is notable that PPIs combined with azoles showed synergy against azole resistant A. fumigatus, and resulted in category change of susceptibility of ITC and POS against Candida spp. Discussion The results suggested that PPIs combined with azoles has the potential to enhance the susceptibilities of azoles against multiple pathogenic fungi and could be a promising strategy to overcome azole resistance issues. However, further investigations are warranted to study the combinational efficacy in more isolates and more species, to investigate the underlying mechanism of interaction and to evaluate the potential for concomitant use of these agents in human.
Lake and wetland ecosystem services measuring water storage and local climate regulation

Developing interdisciplinary methods to measure ecosystem services is a scientific priority, however, progress remains slow in part because we lack ecological production functions (EPFs) to quantitatively link ecohydrological processes to human benefits. In this study, we tested a new approach, combining a process‐based model with regression models, to create EPFs to evaluate water storage and local climate regulation from a green infrastructure project on the Yongding River in Beijing, China. Seven artificial lakes and wetlands were established to improve local water storage and human comfort; evapotranspiration (ET) regulates both services. Managers want to minimize the trade‐off between water losses and cooling to sustain water supplies while lowering the heat index (HI) to improve human comfort. We selected human benefit indicators using water storage targets and Beijing's HI, and the Variable Infiltration Capacity model to determine the change in ET from the new ecosystems. We created EPFs to quantify the ecosystem services as marginal values [Δfinal ecosystem service/Δecohydrological process]: (1) Δwater loss (lake evaporation/volume)/Δdepth and (2) Δsummer HI/ΔET. We estimate the new ecosystems increased local ET by 0.7 mm/d (20.3 W/m2) on the Yongding River. However, ET rates are causing water storage shortfalls while producing no improvements in human comfort. The shallow lakes/wetlands are vulnerable to drying when inflow rates fluctuate, low depths lead to higher evaporative losses, causing water storage shortfalls with minimal cooling effects. We recommend managers make the lakes deeper to increase water storage, and plant shade trees to improve human comfort in the parks.
Investigating the initial condition of mantle models using data assimilation

Mantle convection models are computational models that utilise the equations defining the convective processes taking place in a terrestrial planet’s mantle. Mantle circulation models (MCMs) are a subclass of mantle convection models that constrain mantle flow by imposing a boundary condition that uses plate reconstructions. Time dependent assimilation of plate velocities generates structures within the mantle that have been shown to correspond with present day Earth observations. Inferences of past mantle structures in MCMs are however more difficult due to the lack of initial condition for models. Without access to an initial condition for MCMs, pseudo initial conditions are used in MCM studies. MCMs therefore contain some error due to this uncertainty in initial condition. This thesis addresses the uncertainties in MCMs caused by the lack of knowledge of the initial condition, and attempts to improve the initial condition for Earth models. Utilising perturbed twin experiments we show that assimilating plate reconstructions deters any chaotic growth over the assimilation period, minimising the influence of the initial condition at present day. We also investigate and utilise advanced assimilation techniques that constrain mantle flow back in time, using a method known as an adjoint. Running a series of synthetic test cases using the adjoint we determine its efficiencies and effectiveness at constraining initial condition estimates. We find the adjoint is an excellent method for reconstructing initial conditions. Using the adjoint, we conclude by running high resolution MCMs to construct initial conditions for differing viscosities, and compare these to the | iii standard method of obtaining an initial condition in MCM studies. We find that this yields mantle flow patterns markedly different from past studies, implying the adjoint can provide an alternate perspective for past mantle flow studies.
UVC-Enabled Smart Bandage for Treatment and Temperature Monitoring of Chronic Wounds

: This study presents the development of an ultraviolet-C (UVC)-enabled smart bandage embedded with a temperature sensor, designed for the treatment and management of chronic wounds. The bandage also incorporates an RGB light-emitting diode (LED) and a microcontroller. It features a high-precision temperature sensor with an accuracy of ± 0.1 ◦ C for real-time wound temperature monitoring. The UVC LED is employed to eliminate bacteria on wound surfaces, while an RGB LED, controlled by a microcontroller, signals the need for treatment and any changes in wound temperature. The strip is etched on a 25 µ m thick Kapton film to offer flexibility and comfort for wearing on the body and is seamlessly integrated into a cotton crepe bandage, forming a smart bandage. The embedded electronics are protected from wound exudates with a conformal polyurethane encapsulant film. Initial results indicate that the sensor achieves an accuracy of 97% in free space, inside a bandage, and on the human body.
Optimization of the Photodegradation of Metoclopramide Drug using Super Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solutions

In the present research carry out to remove pharmaceutical pollutants as a model metoclopramide (MCP) drug from an aqueous medium utilizing a photocatalytic degradation method with super nanoparticles called TiO2 nanoparticles (NP). synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles by utilizing the hydrothermal processes. The physical characterizations of materials by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that the efficiency of the TiO2 nanoparticle increased by 88.88%. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation rate increased with decreasing concentration of MCP drug increasing the intensity of the light led to an increase in the rate of photocatalytic degradation. Study effect of several factors, concentration on the drug, mass of nanoparticle, light intensity that the best conditions for the photocatalytic degradation of 0.3 g of the nanocomposite, MCP drug concentration of 50 m/L, pH solution 8, and light intensity 1.7 mW/Cm2, Thus, the photocatalytic degradation increased with decreasing the concentration of MCP drug. The obtained TiO2 nanoparticle exhibits best photocatalytic degradation than the commercial photo-catalysts TiO2 NPs. Finally, it is essential to evaluate the recycled photocatalytic degradation efficiency, which is one of the utmost significant factors towards photodegradation.
Detection of multi-nutrients deficiency in cereal plants by the use of chlorophyll fluorescence

: Nutrient deficiency (ND) stands as a prominent environmental factor that significantly impacts global plant growth and productivity. While numerous methods have been employed for detecting nutrient deficiencies in plants, many of them are invasive, time-consuming, and costly. In contrast, chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) signals have emerged as a non-destructive tool for the identification of specific nutrient deficiencies, such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), across various plant species. In this pioneering study, ChlF measurements were employed for the first time to detect a combination of nutrient deficiencies, including deficiencies in nitrogen and phosphorus (–NP), nitrogen and potassium (–NK), potassium and phosphorus (–KP), and a complete NPK deficiency (–NPK). The experiment was conducted using wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) and maize ( Zea mays ) plants, which were grown under controlled laboratory conditions. An optimal hydroponic system was established to facilitate eight experimental conditions, namely: control, –N, –P, –K, –NP, –NK, –KP, and –NPK. Measurements were systematically collected at two-day intervals over a span of 24 days. Our findings demonstrate that chlorophyll fluorescence signals can enable the differentiation of various nutrient deficiencies even prior to the onset of observable symptoms. Furthermore, the examination of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters enables us not only to identify a singular macronutrient deficiency but also to detect multiple macronutrient deficiencies concurrently in a plant.
Power requirements of an imprinter and rangeland drill.

Energy requirements for a land imprinter and rangeland drill, were determined on seedbeds with -6.5,0.0,5.0, and 8.5% slopes. The imprinter was tested empty (1.3 Mg/m), full (1.9 Mg/m), and half-full (1.67 Mg/m) of water. The rangeland drill was half width (1.5 m wide). Each implement was pulled over 4 replicated 23-m runs per slope. During each test run we recorded speed of travel and 10 drawbar force measurements, sensed with a load cell and integrated over 100 milliseconds. A procedure outlined by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers was used to estimate cost of use for a 3-m wide rangeland drill and imprinter 3/4 full of water. A 5-year implement age and 100 hours use per year were assumed. Operating costs for the land imprinter and rangeland drill were $56.92/ha and $40.27/ha, respectively, excluding grass seed.
The assessment of elevation data consistency. A case study using the ALS and georeference database in the City of Kraków

: The integration of geodetic and photogrammetric data has become a new tool that has expanded the existing measurement capabilities, as well as it found its application outside the geodetic sector. As a result, over the past decades, the process of topographic data acquisition has caused cartographic industry to move from classical surveying methods to passive and active detection methods. The introduction of remote sensing technology has not only improved the speed of data acquisition but has also provided elevation data for areas that are difficult to access and survey. The aim of the work is to analyse consistency of elevation data from the Georeference Database of Topographic Objects (Pol. Baza danych obiektów topograficznych – BDOT500) with data from airborne laser scanning (ALS) for selected 15 research areas located in the City of Kraków. The main findings reveal discrepancies between elevation data sources, potentially affecting the accuracy of various applications, such as flood risk assessment, urban planning, and environmental management. The research gap identified in the study might stem from the lack of comprehensive investigations into the consistency and accuracy of elevation data across different databases and technologies in urban areas. This gap highlights the need for a thorough examination of the reliability of various data sources and methods of urban planning, disaster management, and environmental analysis. The integration of diverse databases and technologies, like ALS and geodetic measurements, in various applications introduces potential discrepancies that can significantly impact decision-making and outcomes.