Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
First Suggestions for an Emotion Annotation and Representation Language

This paper suggests a syntax for an XML-based language for representing and annotating emotions in technological contexts. In contrast to existing markup languages, where emotion is often represented in an ad-hoc way as part of a specific language, we propose a language aiming to be usable in a wide range of use cases, including corpus annotation as well as systems capable of recognising or generating emotions. We describe the scientific basis of our choice of emotion representations and the use case analysis through which we have determined the required expressive power of the language. We illustrate core properties of the proposed language using examples from corpus annotation
APICapture - A tool for monitoring the behavior of malware

Malware is one of the most serious threats to the security of computer systems. Many approaches have been provided and various systems have been designed to detect intrusion from anomalous behavior of system calls which provide the interface between a process and the operating system. Though these techniques look quite effective, a key element seems to be missing - the inclusion and utilization of the system call arguments to create a richer, more valuable signature and analyze the behavior of malware more accurately. Based on this problem, this paper presents APICapture, a tool for monitoring the behavior of malware based on a whole system emulator without changing the system kernel, and automatically recording the system call arguments and some important attributes, for example, the return values, the error statue, etc. Experimental results show that APICapture has a good transparency and accuracy. Transparency means the monitoring method is transparent to target process, making it more difficult to be detected by malware. Moreover, the information obtained can accurately and completely describe the functionality of the malware.
Presynaptic facilitation revisited: state and time dependence

The mechanisms underlying short-term presynaptic facilitation, the enhancement of transmitter release from sensory neurons in Aplysia, induced by serotonin (5-HT), can be divided into two categories: (1) changes in ionic conductances leading to spike broadening and enhancement of Ca2+ influx; and (2) actions on the machinery for transmitter release that are independent of spike broadening and the resulting increases in Ca2+ influx. Spike broadening and the associated enhancement of excitability are induced by the modulation of K+ conductances in the sensory neuron. The cellular mechanisms that contribute to the enhancement of release that is independent of spike broadening are not known and may involve vesicle mobilization or other steps in exocytotic release. These two facilitatory actions of 5-HT are mediated by at least two second-messenger-activated protein kinase systems, protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC). These two second-messenger cascades overlap in their contributions to synaptic facilitation. However, their relative contributions to enhancement of transmitter release are not simply synergistic but are state- and time-dependent. The state dependence is a reflection of the synapse's previous history of activity. When the synapse is rested (and not depressed), a brief pulse of 5-HT (lasting from 10 sec to 5 min) produces its actions primarily through PKA via both spike broadening-dependent and -independent mechanisms. The broadening primarily involves the modulation of a voltage-dependent K+ current, IKV, with a small contribution by a voltage-independent K+ current, IKS. By contrast, the enhancement of excitability is mediated primarily by the modulation of IKS. As the synapse becomes depressed with repeated activity, the contribution of PKC becomes progressively more important. As is the case with PKA, PKC produces its action both by broadening the spike via modulation of IKV and by a spike broadening-independent mechanism. In addition to being state-dependent, the mechanisms of facilitation are time-dependent. There are differences in the response to 5-HT when it is given briefly to produce short-term facilitation or when the exposure is prolonged. When exposure is brief (< or = 5 min), PKA dominates. When exposure is prolonged (10-20 min), PKC becomes dominant as it is with depressed synapses. Thus, synaptic plasticity appears to be expressed in several overlapping time domains, and the transition between very short-term facilitation and various intermediate duration phases seems to involve interactive processes between the kinases.
The Organizational Critical Success Factors for Adopting Cloud Computing in SMEs

Cloud computing has emerged as one of the most discussed topics among enterprise IT professionals. This paper is giving list of cloud computing advantages and disadvantages and some reasons will cause company adopt cloud based services or avoiding. The small and medium size enterprise does not possess sufficient financial and human recourse, in comparison to the large size factories, hence they are not capable of upgrading their IT requirements efficiently. It will not allow them to have a sufficient chance to compete with powerful competitors, in a business environment. Evaluating the impact of organizational factors on cloud computing adoption in SMEs was determined as the main purpose of this study and led to focus on the TOE framework as a famous theory on evaluating IT adoption. For this purpose, organizational context divided into three main factors in base of TOE framework include organizational, environmental and technical context. Three set of critical success factor criteria chosen by review of previous studies for each three level of organizational factors. It can be helpful for small and medium size enterprises which want to evaluate their organizational condition for adopting cloud based services.
Population-genomic insights into the evolutionary origin and fate of obligately asexual Daphnia pulex

Significance Drawing from whole-genome sequences of multiple genotypes, this study documents the molecular-genetic consequences of the loss of recombination in a microcrustacean, demonstrating that loss of heterozygosity via gene conversion-like processes is a dramatically more powerful force than accumulation of new mutations. Despite much theoretical work, the molecular-genetic causes and evolutionary consequences of asexuality remain largely undetermined. Asexual animal species are rare, evolutionarily short-lived, and thought to suffer mutational meltdown as a result of lack of recombination. Whole-genome analysis of 11 sexual and 11 asexual genotypes of Daphnia pulex indicates that current asexual lineages are in fact very young, exhibit no signs of purifying selection against accumulating mutations, and have extremely high rates of gene conversion and deletion. The reconstruction of chromosomal haplotypes in regions containing SNP markers associated with asexuality (chromosomes VIII and IX) indicates that introgression from a sister species, Daphnia pulicaria, underlies the origin of the asexual phenotype. Silent-site divergence of the shared chromosomal haplotypes of asexuals indicates that the spread of asexuality is as recent as 1,250 y, although the origin of the meiosis-suppressing element or elements could be substantially older. In addition, using previous estimates of the gene conversion rate from Daphnia mutation accumulation lines, we are able to age each asexual lineage. Although asexual lineages originate from wide crosses that introduce elevated individual heterozygosities on clone foundation, they also appear to be constrained by the inbreeding-like effect of loss of heterozygosity that accrues as gene conversion and hemizygous deletion expose preexisting recessive deleterious alleles of asexuals, limiting their evolutionary longevity. Our study implies that the buildup of newly introduced deleterious mutations (i.e., Muller’s ratchet) may not be the dominant force imperiling nonrecombining populations of D. pulex, as previously proposed.
Effective dimension in some general metric spaces

We introduce the concept of effective dimension for a wide class of metric spaces that are not required to have a computable measure. Effective dimension was defined by Lutz in (Lutz 2003) for Cantor space and has also been extended to Euclidean space. Lutz effectivization uses the concept of gale and supergale, our extension of Hausdorff dimension to other metric spaces is also based on a supergale characterization of dimension, which in practice avoids an extra quantifier present in the classical definition of dimension that is based on Hausdorff measure and therefore allows effectivization for small time-bounds. We present here the concept of constructive dimension and its characterization in terms of Kolmogorov complexity, for which we extend the concept of Kolmogorov complexity to any metric space defining the Kolmogorov complexity of a point at a certain precision. Further research directions are indicated.
Power-factor compensation of electrical circuits

This article advances an analysis and compensator design framework for power-factor compensation based on cyclodissipativity. Although the framework applies to general polyphase unbalanced circuits, this paper have focused on the problem of power factor compensation with LTI capacitors or inductors of single-phase loads. The full power of the approach are expected to become evident for polyphase unbalanced loads with possibly nonlinear lossless compensators, where the existing solutions are far from satisfactory. The main obstacle appears to be the lack of knowledge about the load, a piece of information that is essential for a successful design
Future Directions for the Early Detection of Recurrent Breast Cancer

The main goal of follow-up care after breast cancer treatment is the early detection of disease recurrence. In this review, we emphasize the multidisciplinary approach to this continuity of care from surgery, medical oncology, and radiology. Challenges within each setting are briefly addressed as a means of discussion for the future directions of an effective and efficient surveillance plan of post-treatment breast cancer care.
Antigen Density Presented By Dendritic Cells In Vivo Differentially Affects the Number and Avidity of Primary, Memory, and Recall CD8+ T Cells 1

We studied the size and avidity of primary and recall CD8+ T cell responses in vivo in mice immunized with dendritic cells presenting different densities of a MHC class I-restricted peptide. Increasing the epitope density on a fixed number of dendritic cells increased the size of the primary response, yet had no influence on the avidity of the effector cells. However, epitope density-based selection of cells with different avidities was evident in the subsequent memory population, and in recall responses. Additionally, mice primed with different peptide densities had similarly sized quiescent memory and recall responses. Our findings provide evidence for an important role for epitope density in the selection of T cells in vivo.
UPF201 Archaeal Specific Family Members Reveal Structural Similarity to RNA-Binding Proteins but Low Likelihood for RNA-Binding Function

We have determined X-ray crystal structures of four members of an archaeal specific family of proteins of unknown function (UPF0201; Pfam classification: DUF54) to advance our understanding of the genetic repertoire of archaea. Despite low pairwise amino acid sequence identities (10–40%) and the absence of conserved sequence motifs, the three-dimensional structures of these proteins are remarkably similar to one another. Their common polypeptide chain fold, encompassing a five-stranded antiparallel β-sheet and five α-helices, proved to be quite unexpectedly similar to that of the RRM-type RNA-binding domain of the ribosomal L5 protein, which is responsible for binding the 5S- rRNA. Structure-based sequence alignments enabled construction of a phylogenetic tree relating UPF0201 family members to L5 ribosomal proteins and other structurally similar RNA binding proteins, thereby expanding our understanding of the evolutionary purview of the RRM superfamily. Analyses of the surfaces of these newly determined UPF0201 structures suggest that they probably do not function as RNA binding proteins, and that this domain specific family of proteins has acquired a novel function in archaebacteria, which awaits experimental elucidation.
Distributed fault detection and recovery for networked robots

The paper deals with the problem of decentralized fault detection, isolation and recovery for teams of networked robots. The proposed strategy is a combination of distributed and local approaches that allow the robots to deal with both recoverable and unrecoverable faults. A local adaptive fault observer is used to locally compensate recoverable faults, while a distributed fault detection and isolation strategy is used to allow each robot to detect unrecoverable faults on other teammates even if not directly connected; once the faulty robots have been isolated, they are removed from the team and the mission is rearranged. Results of numerical simulations and experiments involving a team of 5 mobile robots are provided to show the effectiveness of the approach.
Augmenting SLAM with Object Detection in a Service Robot Framework

In a service robot scenario, we are interested in a task of building maps of the environment that include automatically recognized objects. Most systems for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) build maps that are only used for localizing the robot. Such maps are typically based on grids or different types of features such as point and lines. Here, we augment the process with an object recognition system that detects objects in the environment and puts them in the map generated by the SLAM system. During task execution, the robot can use this information to reason about objects, places and their relationships. The metric map is also split into topological entities corresponding to rooms. In this way, the user can command the robot to retrieve an object from a particular room or get help from a robot when searching for a certain object
Embodying care in Matilda: an affective communication robot for the elderly in Australia

Ageing population is at the center of the looming health care crisis in most parts of developed and developing world. Australia like most of the western world is bracing up for the looming ageing population crisis, spiraling health care costs and expected serious shortage of health care workers. Assistive Service robots and companion robots are being seen as one of the ways for supporting aged care facilities to meet this challenge and improve the quality of care of the elderly including mental and physical health outcomes, as well as support the health care workers in personalizing care. In this paper the authors report on design and first ever field trial of Matilda, a human like assistive communication (service and companion) robot in appearance and attributes (e.g., voice, expressions, gestures, emotions) in nursing homes in Australia. The work demonstrates Matilda's ability to break intergeneration technology barriers with elderly, engage elderly in group and one to one activities for improving personalization of care and wellbeing.
Uniform Sampling in Geodesic Metric for LOD Generation

This paper describes a level-of-detail generation approach for large scale models. To make LODs preserve the overall appearance of original data, the presented approach is to perform uniform sampling in geodesic metric, resulting in adaptive meshes or points in Euclidean metric. Geometric attribute such as curvature help to establish geodesic metric and therefore control the sampling ratios in different regions. This method is rather simple and LODs are very fit for display. Some cases are provided to illustrate the capability and feasibility of the method for both meshes and unorganized points.
Expanding Autonomy Psychological Need States From Two (Satisfaction, Frustration) to Three (Dissatisfaction): A Classroom-Based Intervention Study

We propose that students experience “autonomy dissatisfaction” when the learning environment is indifferent to their psychological need for autonomy. We hypothesized that (a) students could distinguish this newly proposed need state from both autonomy satisfaction and autonomy frustration, (b) autonomy dissatisfaction would explain unique and rather substantial variance in students’ classroom disengagement, and (c) a full understanding of the psychological need for autonomy necessitates expanding the current emphasis from two need states (satisfaction, frustration) to three (dissatisfaction). In the experimental condition, 20 secondary-school physical education (PE) teachers learned how to teach in an autonomy-supportive way; in the control condition, 17 PE teachers taught using “practice as usual. ” Their 2,669 students (1,180 females, 1,489 males) self-reported their autonomy satisfaction, autonomy dissatisfaction, autonomy frustration, engagement, and disengagement throughout a semester. Objective raters scored the manipulation check (teachers’ autonomy-supportive instructional behaviors) and the engagement-disengagement outcome measure. Autonomy dissatisfaction longitudinally increased in the control group and longitudinally decreased in the experimental group. Most importantly, intervention-enabled decreases in autonomy dissatisfaction decreased students’ end-of-semester disengagement, even after controlling for midsemester changes in autonomy satisfaction and autonomy frustration. We discuss the theoretical and practical benefits of adding autonomy dissatisfaction to the self-determination theory explanatory framework.
Proposed security model for web based applications and services

Internet security is a branch of computer sciences often involving browser security, network security, applications and operating systems to keep the internet as a secure channel to exchange information by reducing the risk and attacks. There are a number of studies that have been conducted in this field resulting in the development of various security models to achieve internet security. However, periodic security reports and previous studies prove that the most secure systems are not immune from risk and much effort is needed to improve internet security. This paper proposed a simple security model to improve internet applications security and services protections, specified access control, cryptographic, cookies and session managements, defense programing practices, care for security from early stage on development life cycle, use hardware authentication techniques in access control, then propose cryptographic approach by mix MD5 with Based64, consider session and cookies types and ways to keep it secure. Additionally, these practices discussed the most important web security vulnerability and access control weakness and how to overcome such weaknesses, proposed an approach to measure, analyze and evaluate security project according to software quality standard ISO 25010 by using Likert scale, finally ended by case study. The effort of this paper represents a set of techniques and tips that should be applied within each web application development process to maintain its security.
A Formal Model for a System ’ s Attack Surface

Practical software security metrics and measurements are essential to the development of secure software [19]. In this paper, we propose to use a software system's attack surface measurement as an indicator of the system's security; the larger the attack surface, the more insecure the system. We formalize the notion of a system's attack surface using an I/O automata model of the system [16] and de ne a quantitative measure of the attack surface in terms of three kinds of resources used in attacks on the system: methods, channels, and data. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by measuring the attack surfaces of two open source FTP daemons and two IMAP servers. Software developers can use our attack surface measurement method in the software development process and software consumers can use the method in their decision making process.
Identification of benefits and barriers for the adoption of e-health information systems using a socio-technical approach

Although current research reports substantial benefits of the use of e-health systems and the barriers for their implementation, there are many inconsistencies between the results reported. Aiming to unify existing views and to identify the roots of such inconsistencies, this research used a socio-technical approach to collect data from two e-health projects. The results suggest that although there are some benefits and barriers that are consistent amongst those reported, new benefits and barriers were found. The qualitative approach to this study helped to identify possible ways to overcome these barriers and to propose alternative ways to justify the implementation of e-health systems.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Potentially Involved in the TB Epidemic in Sweden a Century Ago

A hundred years ago the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in Sweden was one of the highest in the world. In this study we conducted a population-based search for distinct strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated from patients born in Sweden before 1945. Many of these isolates represent the M. tuberculosis complex population that fueled the TB epidemic in Sweden during the first half of the 20th century. Methods Genetic relationships between strains that caused the epidemic and present day strains were studied by spoligotyping and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results The majority of the isolates from the elderly population were evolutionary recent Principal Genetic Group (PGG)2/3 strains (363/409 or 88.8%), and only a low proportion were ancient PGG1 strains (24/409 or 5.9%). Twenty-two were undefined. The isolates demonstrated a population where the Euro-American superlineage dominated; in particular with Haarlem (41.1%) and T (37.7%) spoligotypes and only 21.2% belonged to other spoligotype families. Isolates from the elderly population clustered much less frequently than did isolates from a young control group population. Conclusions A closely knit pool of PGG2/3 strains restricted to Sweden and its immediate neighbours appears to have played a role in the epidemic, while PGG1 strains are usually linked to migrants in todaýs Sweden. Further studies of these outbreak strains may give indications of why the epidemic waned.
Fault diagnosis and accommodation design for nonlinear systems described by interpolated LTI models

The main goal of this paper consists in the development of a new actuator fault-tolerant control dedicated to nonlinear systems. Based on the assumption that the nonlinear system is described by a finite number of interpolated linear time invariant models, the proposed method makes possible the faults compensation for the whole operating range through an extended interacting multiple model. Its principle is based on the simultaneous on-line detection, isolation, estimation of actuator faults and an effective operating regime. Multiple banks of decoupled Kalman filters is used to build an actuator fault-tolerant control in order to compensate the fault effect on the system, which is controlled by a multiple model switching and tuning scheme. The performances of the method are tested in simulation on a nonlinear benchmark.