Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolation, identification and characterization of Clostridium perfringens from lamb dysentery in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh

The present study was conducted for isolation, identification and characterization of Clostridium perfringens organism from lamb dysentery in Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. Affected sheep showed clinical signs as dysentery, diarrhea, anorexia, weakness, and dehydration. A total of 20 faeces and rectal swab were collected from different sheep farms of different area of Dinajpur District of Bangladesh. Faeces and rectal samples were collected aseptically and microbial examination was done by using Gram’s staining, cultural and biochemical techniques in the Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. Out of 20 faeces and rectal swab samples 5 were found to be positive. The percentages of positive sample were 25%, 40%, 12.5% and 33.33% respectively in Rezanur sheep farm, Khalilur sheep farm, Hasan sheep farm and Mojammal sheep farm. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by discs diffusion method. Most of the isolated Clostridium perfringens were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and penicillin. However, most of the isolated Clostridium perfringens were resistant to gentamycin, streptomycin and chloramphenicol. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing reaveled that penicillin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were most efficacious followed by amoxycillin and azithromycin. So, it may be recommended that penicillin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in optimum doses would resolve most cases of lamb dysentery in the Dinajpur district of Bangladesh.
Functional vanilloid receptors in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes.

Vanilloid receptor subtype 1, VR1, is an ion channel that serves as a polymodal detector of pain-producing chemicals such as capsaicin and protons in primary afferent neurons. Here we showed that both capsaicin and acidification produced elevations in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. The capsaicin- and acidification-evoked increases in [Ca(2+)](i) were inhibited by capsazepine, an antagonist to VR1. VR1-like immunoreactivity was observed in the cells. These findings suggest that functional VR1-like protein is present and functions as a sensor against noxious chemical stimuli, such as capsaicin or acidification, in epidermal keratinocytes.
Pathogenesis of pseudotumor cerebri syndromes

Intracrania1 hypertension in the absence of an intracranial mass lesion or hydrocephalus can be caused by an alteration of one or more of the four determinants of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure: (1) intrasagittal sinus pressure, (2) resistance of arachnoid villi to the egress of CSF, (3) rate of production of CSF, and (4) compliance of the CSF space. The pseudotumor cerebri syndrome of obese young women may be caused partially by increased CSF production. Estrone (produced by the conversion of androstenedione by adipocytes) probably induces the menstrual irregularities of these women and may affect CSF secretion. Pseudotumor cerebri syndromes associated with other conditions may be separated into pathogenic categories.
Entropy-based EEG time interval selection for improving motor imagery classification

Classification of different motor imagery tasks using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is challenging, since EEG presents individualized temporal and spatial characteristics that are contaminated by noise, artifacts and irrelevant mental activities. In most applications, the EEG time interval on which feature extraction algorithms operate is fixed for all subjects, whereas the start time and the duration of motor imagery-based brain activities can vary from subject to subject. To improve the classification accuracy, this paper proposes a novel entropy-based algorithm to accurately identify the time interval that motor imagery has been performed. The proposed algorithm searches through different time intervals across trials and finds the one with minimum irregularity. The hypothesis behind the proposed algorithm is that when motor imagery is performed, the activities of the neurons in the motor cortex tend to become more synchronized and less irregular. We evaluate our proposed algorithm using a publicly available motor imagery-based BCI dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm selects the EEG intervals leading to superior BCI performance compared to fixed EEG intervals that are commonly used for all subjects.
i-LightHouse: A Visible Light Communication system for the visually impaired

This paper introduces a Visible Light Communication (VLC) system using an LED sign panel, which allows the provision of broadcast-type information in public spaces. This system provides an additional function to an LED advertisement panel; the panel not only displays an advertisement, but also transmits wirelessly to other devices. We suggest its use in benefit of the visually impaired. They can obtain local information by using this system, named i-LightHouse (i-LH). For this purpose, i-LH transmits a long-range navigation signal to direct users to the LED sign panel and a short-range signal to download content information to the users' devices. We propose its modulation scheme which can multiplex the navigation and content information at the same time. In this system, the interruption by a passerby and ambient lights may degrade the communication performance. On these issues, we propose an error correcting method and a filter to mitigate the interference of them and evaluate the effectiveness.
Low noise second harmonic Gunn diode oscillator using square-shaped slot line resonator

This paper presents a low noise second harmonic Gunn diode oscillator using square-shaped slot line resonator. A multi-layer MIC technology is adopted to reduce the circuit size of the oscillator. The oscillator consists of Gunn diodes, slot line resonators and microstrip lines. The Gunn diodes are embedded in the slot line resonators. The output circuit is formed using the microstrip line. A second harmonic signal can be obtained from the output circuit. A square-shaped slot line resonator is used in order to achieve the low phase noise and the suppression of undesired harmonics. The second harmonic oscillator is designed and fabricated in K band. The output power is +8.89 dBm at the design frequency of 18.75 GHz (2f0) with the phase noise of −116.2 dBc/Hz at the offset frequency of 1MHz. Excellent suppression of the undesired fundamental frequency signal (f0) of −33dBc is achieved. Moreover, the circuit size is reduced by three-tenths relative to that of the previous model of the proposed oscillator.
Towards Automated Activity Recognition in an Intensive Care Unit

In this work we develop a new system for automated activity recognition in an Intensive Care Unit. Our system is capable of recognizing a set of 7 high-level activities using only 3D perception. We take a three step approach to classifying actions from depth images. First, temporal action sequences are created by segmenting and tracking people throughout several hours of video footage. Second, for each sequence we derive features based on position, orientation, and multi-person interactions. Lastly, a comparative evaluation is provided for Support Vector Machine and Decision Forest classification techniques. We achieve 75% overall accuracy on data collected at a Pediatric ICU and show that this approach could realistically be used for increased safety and efficiency.
Adaptations in 5‐HT receptor expression and function: Implications for treatment of cognitive impairment in aging

Malfunction of the serotonin system may contribute to memory deficits during aging. We evaluated the 5‐HT6 antagonist RO4368554 in two models of learning and memory in aged rats. Male rats (18 months) were assigned to two groups of equal cognitive performance. After 2 weeks of 5‐HT6 antagonist RO4368554 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment, rats showed significant improvement in object recognition and social discrimination compared with rats given chronic vehicle. Brains from these animals were examined for changes in plasticity‐associated proteins Ki‐67 and PCNA. No differences were seen between groups in any of these markers. We also measured mRNA expression of 5‐HT6, along with 5‐HT1A, 5‐HT1B, and tryptophan hydroxylase‐2 mRNAs in 4‐month‐old and 24‐month‐old F344 rats. Decreases in 5‐HT1B expression were observed in several forebrain regions in the old rats. These results demonstrate that 5‐HT6 and 5‐HT1B receptors are potential targets for treatment of age‐related memory disorders. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current Account Deficit in Turkey: Cyclical or Structural?

Turkey’s high current account deficit has been at the core of macroeconomic policy discussions in recent years. Quantifying the role of cyclical factors in driving the current account fluctuations is essential for designing an appropriate policy response and evaluating the impact of policy measures. Using a simple methodology, this study extracts the cyclical component of the current account in Turkey, with special reference to its three main drivers; namely foreign demand, domestic demand and foreign trade prices. We argue that the underlying (cyclically-adjusted) current account deficit has displayed a persistent deteriorating trend during 1998-2007 period before stabilizing around 6 percent of GDP in recent years. Decomposing the current account deficit into cyclical and non-cyclical factors allows us to assess the impact of recent policy actions. Our computations suggest that, although the policies pursued by the central bank and other authorities since 2011 have removed the cyclical part to a great extent, there remains a sizeable component of the deficit to be dealt with more structural policies.
Repeatable battery for assessment of neuropsychological status in early Parkinson's disease

Adequate reliability and valid factor structure are prerequisites for appropriate use of a measure in a population. Although the Repeatable Battery for Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) has been used to examine cognition in Parkinson's disease (PD), its reliability and factor structure have not been examined in this population. This study examined the reliability and factor structure of the RBANS in participants with de novo PD recruited for two NIH Exploratory Trials in Parkinson's Disease (NET‐PD), using Cronbach's α and factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was implemented on the factor structure proposed in the RBANS manual, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify a valid factor structure given the proposed one was not supported. The RBANS exhibited poor reliability in participants with NET‐PD. Cronbach's α ranged from 0.03 to 0.74 for the five domains and the full scale. CFA results indicated that the proposed factor structure in the RBANS manual was not supported in this sample. EFA identified a two‐factor structure for six of the 12 RBANS items. Six items were eliminated due to low correlation with other items or severe ceiling effects. This new factor structure was validated by another CFA. The two domains have fair reliability. Cronbach's α ranged from 0.65 to 0.74 for the two factors in the two datasets. These results suggest that the current RBANS domain and total scores may not provide valid measurement of the neuropsychological status for patients with early PD. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
A Novel Method Defends against the Path-Based DoS for Wireless Sensor Network

WSNs are significantly different from the traditional network architecture due to its wireless communication, energy limitation, and computation constraint and environment of the application. Because of these differences, security becomes a critical issue. The path-based denial of service (PDoS) attacks harm the network maintenance and cause serious damage in the resource constrained WSNs. In a PDoS attack, an adversary can overwhelm sensor node and cluster head node to flood packets along the routing path so that intermediate node must keep active mode and exhaust the energy. In this paper, we creatively propose a novel method, which is operated at the base station to detect the malicious behavior. The proposed method is combined with triple exponential smoothing and Markov chain, so that it makes the detection results more accurate. Meanwhile, we first use the concept of black hole to defend the PDoS attack in WSNs. Simulation results are provided to evaluate the performance and illustrate the contribution of this mechanism.
Migraine is a Risk Factor for Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study

The aim was to assess whether women suffering from migraine are at higher risk of developing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. In a prospective cohort study, performed at antenatal clinics in three maternity units in Northern Italy, 702 normotensive women with singleton pregnancy at 11–16 weeks' gestation were enrolled. Women with a history of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy or presenting chronic hypertension were excluded. The presence of migraine was investigated according to International Headache Society criteria. The main outcome measure was the onset of hypertension in pregnancy, defined as the occurrence of either gestational hypertension or preeclampsia. Two hundred and seventy women (38.5%) were diagnosed with migraine. The majority (68.1%) suffered from migraine without aura. The risk of developing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy was higher in migraineurs (9.1%) compared with non-migraineurs (3.1%) [odds ratio (OR) adjusted for age, family history of hypertension and smoking 2.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40, 5.81]. Women with migraine also showed a trend to increased risk for low birth weight infants with respect to women without migraine (OR 1.97, 95% CI 0.98, 3.98). Women with migraine are to be considered at increased risk of developing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The diagnosis of primary headaches should be taken into account at antenatal examination.
Monitoring of Dinophysis species and diarrhetic shellfish toxins in Flødevigen Bay, Norway: inter-annual variability over a 25-year time-series

The accumulation of phycotoxins in bivalve mussels associated with mussels feeding on toxic phytoplankton is a well-known phenomenon in Norway. Regular monitoring for 25 years has revealed that accumulation of Diarrhetic Shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins in mussels is the main phycotoxin problem along the Norwegian coast. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible trends over time of Dinophysis spp. and DSP as well as possible correlation between abundance of Dinophysis spp. and toxin accumulation in mussels, as based on intensive and regular monitoring at the southern coast of Norway at Flødevigen Bay. The main source organism causing a risk of DSP in Norway is Dinophysis acuta. However, it cannot be excluded that other Dinophysis spp. , e.g. D. acuminata and D. norvegica, may contribute to the total accumulation of toxins. The variability in the occurrence of these species is high at both short- and long-term; between days and between years. There are, however, some important overall patterns in the occurrence of the species during the last decades. Dinophysis acuminata and D. norvegica have mainly been abundant from March to December, whereas D. acuta has typically occurred in late summer and autumn (August–December). For all three species we have observed a narrowing of the peak season since 2002 at the same time as they have become less abundant. Coincident with these changes, the problem of the accumulation of DSP toxins in mussels along the southern coast of Norway has declined significantly, but it is still mainly restricted to the autumn. Why the cell concentration of Dinophysis spp. has declined after 2002 is not obvious, but this has occurred in a period with relatively high summer temperatures. The relatively simultaneous changes in physical, chemical and biological factors of the pelagic ecosystem along the southern coast of Norway indicate that complicated ecological interactions may be involved.
Independent control of the leakage rate and pointing angle of a novel planar leaky-wave antenna

A novel planar leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on a microstrip line loaded with metallic posts showing flexible radiation properties, is presented in this paper. For the authors' knowledge, it is the first time that the simultaneous control of both the phase constant β and the leakage rate α is achieved for a planar LWA. The control over β is mainly performed by means of the width W of the line, whereas the leakage rate α is controlled by the periodicity P of the posts. As it is well known, the phase constant is responsible for the scanned pointing angle θRAD of the radiated main beam, while the leakage rate controls the beamwidth Δθ. Therefore, tailored radiation patterns can be synthesized with this original low-cost, low-profile and easily integrated planar LWA. Several practical designs at 15 GHz have been simulated using commercial full-wave software with the purpose of validating the results of the proposed antenna.
Correlations between molecular profile and radiologic pattern in oligodendroglial tumors

Objective: To investigate possible correlations between tumor location and genetic alterations in a series of oligodendrogliomas. Methods: A series of 158 consecutive oligodendrogliomas were retrospectively reviewed. In each case, the radiologic picture and the chromosome 1p (chr 1p) status of the tumor detected by the loss of heterozygosity technique were analyzed. Correlation between tumor location and molecular profile was made by χ2 tests. Results: Eighty-eight of the 158 patients had low-grade oligodendrogliomas, and 70 had anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. Overall, oligodendrogliomas with chr 1p loss were located preferentially in the anterior part of the brain, whereas tumors with intact chr 1p affected mainly the posterior part of the brain (p = 0.0038). In terms of lobar involvement, a preferential location of oligodendrogliomas with chr 1p loss was found in the frontal lobes as compared with the temporal, parietal, and occipital tumors (p < 0.01). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 1p and tumor location in oligodendrogliomas, suggesting that subtypes of oligodendrogliomas could derive from site-specific precursors.
Hard-switching in high power density voltage regulators

The causes for which fast-hard-switching operation may differ from the traditional clamped inductive switching mode are mainly attributed to the parasitic loop inductances of PCB and device package as well as the parasitic output capacitances of the semiconductor switch. These parasitic elements form the basis of the proposed model, which fundamentally represents the dynamics of hard-switched converters targeted for high-switching frequency, high-current and low-voltage applications. The model is thus useful to investigate the switching behavior of the synchronous buck converter in one of the most currently challenging applications: Voltage regulators (VR) for modern computer microprocessors. The study reveals important design aspects required for the optimization of relevant circuit and device parameters at high switching frequency.
Efficiency in the forward exchange market - an application of co-integration - a comment

I n a recent edition of the Review, Lucey (1988) finds evidence of foreign exchange market inefficiency using the co-integration technique. His results relate to sterling and the dollar and are based on daily spot and one month forward exchange rates. One hundred observations were used starting in December 1987. It is pointed out by Lucey that, in relation to sterling, his results are con­ trary to the findings presentedin Leddin (1988) where the three month sterling forward exchange rate was found to be an unbiased predictor of the future spot exchange rate (no other currency was considered). This finding was based on an OLS estimate of Equation (1). S T+1 =a+/3F t +e t (1) where S {+1 and F are the future spot and forward exchange rates respectively and e { is the error term. Using non-overlapping quarterly data for the period 1979q2 to 1987q4, an F test could not reject the joint null hypothesis (a, j3) = (0,1). Additional tests based on the forecast errors supported this result. In what follows, quarterly data relating to sterling, the deutsche mark (DM) and the dollar, extended to cover the period 1979q2 to 1988q4, is used to establish if the three month forward exchange rate and the future spot exchange rate are co-integrated. Very briefly, two variables are said to be co-integrated (see Granger and Weiss (1983), Granger (1986) and Engle and Granger (1987) for a precise definition) if: (a) Each variable is 1(1). (b) There exists a linear combination of the two variables that is 1(0).
Posture kinematics reconstruction and body model creation

Postural ability can be evaluated through the analysis of body oscillations, by estimating the displacements of selected sets of body segments. The analysis of human movement is generally achieved through the exploitation of stereophotogrammetric systems that rely on the use of markers. Marker systems show a high cost and patient settings which can be uncomfortable. On the other hand, the use of force platform has some disadvantages: the acquisition of dynamics data permits to estimate only the body oscillations as a whole, without any information about individual body segment movements. Some of these drawbacks can be overcome by the use of video systems, applying a marker-free sub-pixel algorithm. In this paper, a novel method to evaluate balance strategies that utilises commercial available systems and applies methods for feature extraction and image processing algorithms is presented.
Adana istasyonunda buharlaşmanın farklı yapay zeka yöntemleri ile tahmini

Buharlasma, hidrolojik ve meteorolojik calismalarda onemli bir parametre olarak karsimiza cikmakta ve buharlasma tahmininin dogru yapilmasi ise su kaynaklarinin gelistirilmesi, kontrol edilmesi ve yonetimi gibi cesitli amaclar icin onem arz etmektedir. Son yillarda, yapay zeka yontemleri kullanan arastirmacilar arasinda, hidroloji ve su kaynaklari yonetimi konusu giderek daha populer hale gelmektedir. Bu calismada, aylik ortalama buharlasma tahminini elde etmek icin Yapay Sinir Agi (YSA), Bulanik Mantik Yapay Sinir Agi (ANFIS) ve Gen Ekspresyon Programlama (GEP) yontemleri kullanilmistir. Aylik ortalama sicaklik (Co), nem (%), ruzgar hizi (m/s), basinc (hPa), guneslenme siddeti (cal / cm2) ve guneslenme suresi (saat) iklimsel verileri kullanilarak, Adana istasyonundaki aylik ortalama buharlasma tahmin edilmistir. Farkli girdi parametreleri kombinasyonlari olusturularak, YSA, ANFIS ve GEP metotlari kullanilarak elde edilen sonuclar karsilastirilmistir. Elde edilen sonuclar neticesinde, kullanilan tum metotlarin buharlasma tahmininin kabul edilebilir derecede basarili oldugu ancak ANFIS metodunda 6 girdili kombinasyonun, olusturulan tum modeller icerisinde en basarili sonucu verdigi belirlenmistir.
Trisomy 1 in a clinically recognized pregnancy.

Cytogenetic analysis of products of conception has identified trisomies for all human chromosomes except for chromosome 1. Presented here is a patient with clinical signs of pregnancy, including increasing hCG levels and evidence of a gestational sac on ultrasound. However, the pregnancy was lost between 8–9 weeks post-LMP with the diagnosis of a blighted ovum. Cytogenetic analysis of cultured chorionic villi demonstrated a 47,XY,+1 chromosome complement in all cells. This is the first reported case of non-mosaic trisomy 1 in a clinically recognized human pregnancy. Am. J. Med. Genet. 68:98, 1997 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.