Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic labeling schemes for ordered XML based on type information

With the increasing popularity of XML, there arises the need for managing and querying information in this form. Several query languages, such as XQuery, have been proposed which return their results in document order. However, most recent efforts focused on query optimization have either disregarded order or proposed static schemes in which updates are not handled efficiently. Some dynamic labelling schemes have been proposed but they do not consider type information that is usually available with the XML documents or maintained by the database system. This paper presents theoretically sound algorithms for maintaining the well-known region algebra labeling schemes, which can take advantage of type information, often present in XML documents.
On-the-Fly Video Event Search by Semantic Signatures

In this technical demonstration, we showcase an event search engine that facilities instant access to an archive of web video. Different from many search engines which rely on high dimensional low-level visual features to represent videos, we rely on our proposed semantic signature. We extract semantic signature as the detection scores obtained by applying a vocabulary of 1,346 concept detectors on videos. The semantic signatures are compact, semantic and effective, as we will demonstrate for on-the-fly event retrieval using only a few positive examples. In addition, we will show how the signatures provide a crude interpretation on why a certain video has been retrieved.
Active regulator of SIRT1 is required for cancer cell survival but not for SIRT1 activity

The NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 is involved in diverse cellular processes, and has also been linked with multiple disease states. Among these, SIRT1 expression negatively correlates with cancer survival in both laboratory and clinical studies. Active regulator of SIRT1 (AROS) was the first reported post-transcriptional regulator of SIRT1 activity, enhancing SIRT1-mediated deacetylation and downregulation of the SIRT1 target p53. However, little is known regarding the role of AROS in regulation of SIRT1 during disease. Here, we report the cellular and molecular effects of RNAi-mediated AROS suppression, comparing this with the role of SIRT1 in a panel of human cell lines of both cancerous and non-cancerous origins. Unexpectedly, AROS is found to vary in its modulation of p53 acetylation according to cell context. AROS suppresses p53 acetylation only following the application of cell damaging stress, whereas SIRT1 suppresses p53 under all conditions analysed. This supplements the original characterization of AROS but indicates that SIRT1 activity can persist following suppression of AROS. We also demonstrate that knockdown of AROS induces apoptosis in three cancer cell lines, independent of p53 activation. Importantly, AROS is not required for the viability of three non-cancer cell lines indicating a putative role for AROS in specifically promoting cancer cell survival.
Interval-Q estimation and compensation: An adaptive dictionary-learning approach

A seismic trace corresponding to an anelastic layered earth model can be sparsely represented by a structured dictionary of properly attenuated wavelets, through a nonstationary sparse deconvolution. The sparseness of the coefficients (reflectivity series), however, considerably decreases when the wavelets are incorrectly modeled due to an incorrect [Formula: see text] model. Mathematically, the wavelets, as the elements of the dictionary, are nonlinearly related to the earth quality factor [Formula: see text] (the inverse of the attenuation coefficient). A parametric dictionary-learning strategy enables interval-[Formula: see text] estimation and compensation by training the dictionary atoms from the input trace adaptively to provide a sparse representation of it. We assumed a piecewise [Formula: see text] model by dividing the dictionary elements into several groups, each containing several wavelets whose temporal supports are close to each other and can be described by a single [Formula: see text]-value. The dictionary is learned iteratively where at each iteration only one group of the wavelets is optimized by searching for the corresponding optimum [Formula: see text]-value, leading to an iterative construction of the [Formula: see text] model. The main advantages of our method for interval-[Formula: see text] estimation are its stability because it performs in a forward-modeling manner and its accuracy because of the resolved interferences by the sparsity constraint. Our method is tested on synthetic and field data sets, and the results that we obtained demonstrate the stability and accuracy of the method for interval-[Formula: see text] estimation and compensation.
2 The LASH Hash Function

With the security of standardised cryptographic hash functions in question, interest in new designs based on provably secure foundations has been reignited. LASH is a hash function design whose security is related to hard lattice problems. Although the tightness of the security reduction is dubious, LASH makes an interesting trade-off in that it is claimed to offer efficient implementations in comparison to alternatives such as VSH. In this paper we investigate this claim by investigating implementations of LASH in software and hardware, and by examining the issue of physical security; all of these aspects are crucial to the deployment of LASH in an embedded environment.
Health services costs and their determinants in women with fibromyalgia.

OBJECTIVE Patients with fibromyalgia (FM) use health services extensively. Knowledge about costs of FM is limited because of non-inclusiveness in assessing direct costs, because attempts to assess indirect costs are largely absent, and because determinants of costs have yet to be identified. We investigated the 6-month costs (direct and indirect) in women with primary FM, and we identified determinants of direct costs. METHODS Subjects (n = 180 women) completed a health resource questionnaire as well as measures of pain, psychological distress, comorbidity, and disability. Unit costs for resources were obtained from government, hospital, laboratory, and professional association sources. Regression modeling for 6-month direct cost included age, disability, comorbidity, pain intensity, psychological distress, education, and work status. RESULTS The average 6-month direct cost was $CDN 2298 (SD 2303). The largest components were medications ($CDN 758; SD 654), complementary and alternative medicine (CAM; $CDN 398; SD 776), and diagnostic tests ($CDN 356; SD 580). Our most conservative estimate of average 6-month indirect cost was $CDN 5035 (SD 7439). Comorbidity and FM disability were statistically significant contributors to direct costs in the multivariate analysis. Costs increased by approximately 20% with each additional comorbid condition. CONCLUSION Women with FM are high consumers of both conventional and CAM services. Our estimates of costs exceed those from most other studies; this may be due to our inclusion of a broader set of health services, medications, and indirect costs. Although in univariate analyses the number of comorbidities and indices of the effect of FM, psychological distress, and pain intensity were associated with higher direct cost, in a multiple regression analysis, only the measure of FM disability and the number of comorbidities were significant direct-cost determinants. FM also imposes important indirect costs, which were nearly 70% of the economic burden.
A Comprehensive Approach to Assess Trustworthiness and Completeness of Knowledge Graphs

—Knowledge Graphs (KGs) have been widely used for many tasks such as question-answering, recommendation, natural language processing, and so on. The quality of KGs is a crucial factor in determining whether a specific KG is appropriate for usage in a certain application. Completeness and trustworthiness are two dimensions that are used to assess the quality of KGs. Estimation of the completeness and trustworthiness of a largescale knowledge graph often requires humans to annotate samples from the graph. How to obtain statistically meaningful estimates for quality evaluation while keeping humans out of the loop to reduce cost is a critical problem. Nowadays, to reduce the costs of the manual construction of knowledge graphs, many KGs have been constructed automatically from sources with varying degrees of trustworthiness. Therefore, possible noises and conflicts are inevitably introduced in the process of construction, which severely interferes with the quality of constructed KGs. Many works have been done to detect noisy triples; however, how to estimate the quality of the entire KG has largely been ignored in prior research. To fill this gap, we propose a new approach to automatically evaluate and assess existing KGs in terms of completeness and trustworthiness. In this paper, we conduct several experiments on three standard datasets, namely, FB15K, WN18, and NELL995 to estimate the quality of KGs and assign a specific score based on the completeness and trustworthiness of the KG. The experimental findings demonstrate the reliability of the proposed scores.
Analisis Pengaruh Auditor Perempuan Terhadap Stock Price Crash Risk Di Indonesia

Masalah keagenan dan asimetri informasi dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya risiko penurunan harga saham secara signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara auditor perempuan terhadap risiko penurunan harga saham secara signifikan, khususnya apakah auditor perempuan dapat mengurangi risiko penurunan harga saham secara signifikan karena keengganan mereka terhadap risiko dan etis dalam pengambilan keputusan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia non sektor finansial dalam periode 2017-2021 dan menggunakan regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian tidak mengkonfirmasi hubungan antara auditor perempuan dan risiko penurunan harga saham secara signifikan.
Decentralized Deduplication in SAN Cluster File Systems

File systems hosting virtual machines typically contain many duplicated blocks of data resulting in wasted storage space and increased storage array cache footprint. Deduplication addresses these problems by storing a single instance of each unique data block and sharing it between all original sources of that data. While deduplication is well understood for file systems with a centralized component, we investigate it in a decentralized cluster file system, specifically in the context of VM storage. We propose DEDE, a block-level deduplication system for live cluster file systems that does not require any central coordination, tolerates host failures, and takes advantage of the block layout policies of an existing cluster file system. In DEDE, hosts keep summaries of their own writes to the cluster file system in shared on-disk logs. Each host periodically and independently processes the summaries of its locked files, merges them with a shared index of blocks, and reclaims any duplicate blocks. DEDE manipulates metadata using general file system interfaces without knowledge of the file system implementation. We present the design, implementation, and evaluation of our techniques in the context of VMware ESX Server. Our results show an 80% reduction in space with minor performance overhead for realistic workloads.
Perspective Taking: An Organizing Principle for Learning in Human-Robot Interaction

The ability to interpret demonstrations from the perspective of the teacher plays a critical role in human learning. Robotic systems that aim to learn effectively from human teachers must similarly be able to engage in perspective taking. We present an integrated architecture wherein the robot's cognitive functionality is organized around the ability to understand the environment from the perspective of a social partner as well as its own. The performance of this architecture on a set of learning tasks is evaluated against human data derived from a novel study examining the importance of perspective taking in human learning. Perspective taking, both in humans and in our architecture, focuses the agent's attention on the subset of the problem space that is important to the teacher. This constrained attention allows the agent to overcome ambiguity and incompleteness that can often be present in human demonstrations and thus learn what the teacher intends to teach.
TREATMENT OF INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES IN AMBULATORY ELDERLY; BIPOLAR HEMIARTHROPLASTY OR PROXIMAL FEMORAL NAIL ?

Introduction: The management of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly is challenging because of difficult anatomical reduction, poor bone quality and difficulty in weight bearing. Various internal fixation devices can be used for this type of fractures, and primary arthroplasty is also an option for treatment. This retrospective study compares bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) with proximal femoral nail (PFN) in ambulatory elderly patients, focusing on functional results and return to premorbid level of activity. Materials and Method: The study included 136 patients who underwent operations to treat AO 31-A type intertrochanteric fractures. Patients who were not ambulatory before having fracture were excluded from the study. Of the 78 patients with 31-A1 fractures; 40 were treated with BHA, 33 were treated with PFN and 5 were treated with dynamic hip screw (DHS). Forty patients had 31-A2 type fractures; 24 were treated with BHA, 7 were treated with PFN, 5 were treated with DHS and 4 were treated with different plate-screw systems. Eighteen patients had 31-A3 type fractures; 2 were treated with BHA, 15 were treated with PFN, and 1 was treated with a plate-screw system. Patients with BHA (mean age 80.61 years; range 68-98 years) and PFN (mean age 77.59 years; range 58-94 years) were compared in the final evaluation if they had at least 1 year of follow up documented postoperatively. Results: Total perioperative blood loss was significantly lower in patients treated with PFN (590 to 390 ml). Time to surgery (4.1 vs 3.9 days), postoperative weight bearing time (2 vs 2 days), and mortality rates (16.66 % vs 18.18%) did not differ between patients treated with BHA and PFN, respectively. Total complication rate (22.4 % vs 28.2 %) was lower, and the duration of surgery (52.8 vs 82.5 min), the time to return to the premorbid daily activity (6.2 vs 8.5 weeks), Harris score (85.8 vs 81.3) and Postel Merle D’Aubigne (PMA) score (14.1 vs 12.2) were significantly better with BHA . Conclusion: Hemiarthroplasty is not associated with greater postoperative mortality compared with osteosynthesis, although the perioperative blood loss is significantly higher. However, the complication rates are lower and functional results are better; thus, hemiarthroplasty can safely be the first choice of treatment for the intertrochanteric fractures of ambulatory elderly patients.
Genome-Wide Identification of the 14-3-3 Gene Family and Its Involvement in Salt Stress Response through Interaction with NsVP1 in Nitraria sibirica Pall

14-3-3 proteins are widely distributed in eukaryotic cells and play an important role in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. This study revealed nine 14-3-3 genes from the genome of Nitraria sibirica Pall. , a halophyte with strong salt tolerance. The physicochemical properties, multiple sequence alignment, gene structure and motif analysis, and chromosomal distributions were analyzed, and phylogenetic analysis, cis-regulatory elements analysis, and gene transcription and expression analysis of Ns14-3-3s were conducted. The results revealed that the Ns14-3-3 gene family consists of nine members, which are divided into two groups: ε (four members) and non-ε (five members). These members are acidic hydrophilic proteins. The genes are distributed randomly on chromosomes, and the number of introns varies widely among the two groups. However, all genes have similar conserved domains and three-dimensional protein structures. The main differences are found at the N-terminus and C-terminus. The promoter region of Ns14-3-3s contains multiple cis-acting elements related to light, plant hormones, and abiotic stress responses. Transcriptional profiling and gene expression pattern analysis revealed that Ns14-3-3s were expressed in all tissues, although with varying patterns. Under salt stress conditions, Ns14-3-3 1a, Ns14-3-3 1b, Ns14-3-3 5a, and Ns14-3-3 7a showed significant changes in gene expression. Ns14-3-3 1a expression decreased in all tissues, Ns14-3-3 7a expression decreased by 60% to 71% in roots, and Ns14-3-3 1b expression increased by 209% to 251% in stems. The most significant change was observed in Ns14-3-3 5a, with its expression in stems increasing by 213% to 681%. The yeast two-hybrid experiments demonstrated that Ns14-3-3 5a interacts with NsVP1 (vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase). This result indicates that Ns14-3-3 5a may respond to salt stress by promoting ionic vacuole compartmentalization in stems and leaves through interactions with NsVP1. In addition, N. sibirica has a high number of stems, allowing it to compartmentalize more ions through its stem and leaf. This may be a contributing factor to its superior salt tolerance compared to other plants.
When It’s Not Worn on the Face: Trait Anxiety and Attention to Neutral Faces Semantically Linked to Threat

While our direct observations of the features or behaviours of the stimuli around us tell us much about them (e.g., should they be feared? ), the origin of much of our knowledge is often untethered from directly observable properties (e.g., through what we have learned or have been told about them, or “semantic knowledge”). Here, we ask whether otherwise neutral visual stimuli that participants learn to associate with emotional qualities in the lab cause the stimuli to be attended in a similar way as stimuli whose emotional qualities can be discerned through their visual properties. In Experiment 1, participants learned to associate negative or neutral characteristics with neutral faces, which then served as valid or invalid spatial cues to targets in an attentional disengagement paradigm. The performance of participants higher in trait anxiety was consistent with attentional avoidance of faces with learned negative associations, while participants lower in trait anxiety showed a general response slowing in trials with these stimuli, compared to those with neutral associations. In contrast, in Experiment 2, using (visually) expressive (angry) faces, the performance of participants higher in trait anxiety was consistent with difficulty disengaging from visually threatening faces, while the performance of those with lower trait anxiety appeared unaffected by the valence of the stimuli. These findings suggest that (1) emotionality acquired indirectly via learned semantic knowledge impacts how attention is allocated to face stimuli, and this impact is influenced by trait anxiety, and (2) there are differences in the effects of stimulus emotionality depending on whether it is acquired indirectly or directly via the perceptual features of the stimulus. These differences are discussed in the context of the variability of attention bias effects reported in the literature and the time course of impacts of emotionality on stimulus processing.
Syngeneic Schwann cell transplantation preserves vision in RCS rat without immunosuppression.

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of immunologically compatible Schwann cells transplanted without immunosuppression in the RCS rat retina to preserve vision. METHODS Syngeneic (dystrophic RCS) Schwann cells harvested from sciatic nerves were cultured and transplanted into one eye of dystrophic RCS rats at an early stage of retinal degeneration. Allogeneic (Long-Evans) Schwann cells and unoperated eyes served as controls. Vision through transplanted and unoperated eyes was then quantified using two visual behavior tasks, one measuring the spatial frequency and contrast sensitivity thresholds of the optokinetic response (OKR) and the other measuring grating acuity in a perception task. RESULTS Spatial frequency thresholds measured through syngeneically transplanted eyes maintained near normal spatial frequency sensitivity for approximately 30 weeks, whereas thresholds through control eyes deteriorated to less than 20% of normal over the same period. Contrast sensitivity was preserved through syngeneically transplanted eyes better than through allogeneic and unoperated eyes, at all spatial frequencies. Grating acuity measured through syngeneically transplanted eyes was maintained at approximately 60% of normal, whereas acuity of allogeneically transplanted eyes was significantly lower at approximately 40% of normal. CONCLUSIONS The ability of immunoprivileged Schwann cell transplants to preserve vision in RCS rats indicates that transplantation of syngeneic Schwann cells holds promise as a preventive treatment for retinal degenerative disease.
Effects of CT-Xp Gene Knock down in Melanoma Cell Lines

Cancer/testis (CT) genes are encoded by genes that are normally expressed only in the human germ line but which are activated in various malignancies. CT proteins are frequently immunogenic in cancer patients and their expression is highly restricted to tumors. They are thus important targets for anticancer immunotherapy. In several different tumor types, the expression of CT-X genes is associated with advanced disease and poor outcome, indicating that their expression might contribute to tumorigenesis. CT-X genes encoding members of the MAGE protein family on Xq28 have been shown to potentially influence the tumorigenic phenotype. We used small interfering RNA (siRNA) to investigate whether CT-X mapping to the short arm of the X-chromosome might also have tumorigenic properties and therefore be potentially targeted by functional inhibitors in a therapeutic setting. siRNAs specific to GAGE, SSX and XAGE1 were used in cell proliferation, migration and cell survival assays using cell lines derived from melanoma, a tumor type known to present high frequencies of expression of CT antigens. We found that of these, those specific to GAGE and XAGE1 most significantly impeded melanoma cell migration and invasion and those specific to SSX4 and XAGE1 decreased the clonogenic survival of melanoma cells. Our results suggest that GAGE, XAGE1 and SSX4 might each have a role in tumor progression and are possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of melanoma and other malignancies.