Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rabi-resonant behavior of periodically driven correlated fermion systems

Fermi-Hubbard system with a periodically-modulated interaction has been recently shown to resonantly absorb energy at series of drive frequencies. In the present work, with the help of static perturbation theory we argue that driving couples to Hubbard bands in a similar fashion as classical field couples to the two-level atom. The later, significantly simpler set-up described by the Rabi model is known to support resonant energy absorption at virtually the same series of driving frequencies. Our interpretation is also supported by showing that dynamics of the two-site periodically-driven Hubbard and Rabi models is formally equivalent. Relying on this insight we establish that the same Rabi-resonant behavior is displayed also by fermions confined in a harmonic trap with periodically-driven contact interactions.
Thick Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ films grown by liquid-phase epitaxy for Josephson THz applications

Theoretical and experimental studies of intrinsic Josephson junctions (IJJs) that naturally occur in high-Tc superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212) have demonstrated their potential for novel types of compact devices for the generation and sensing of electromagnetic radiation in the THz range. Here, we show that the THz-on-a-chip concept may be realized in liquid-phase epitaxial-grown (LPE) thick Bi-2212 films. We have grown μm thick Bi-2212 LPE films on MgO substrates. These films display excellent c-axis alignment and single crystal grains of about 650 × 150 μm2 in size. A branched current–voltage characteristic was clearly observed in c-axis transport, which is a clear signature of underdamped IJJs, and a prerequisite for THz-generation. We discuss LPE growth conditions allowing improvement of the structural quality and superconducting properties of Bi-2212 films for THz applications.
Low‐luminosity Type II supernovae: spectroscopic and photometric evolution

In this paper we present spectroscopic and photometric observations for four core-collapsed supernovae (SNe), namely SNe 1994N, 1999br, 1999eu and 2001dc. Together with SN 1997D, we show that they form a group of exceptionally low-luminosity events. These SNe have narrow spectral lines (indicating low expansion velocities) and low luminosities at every phase (significantly lower than those of typical core-collapsed supernovae). The very-low luminosity during the 56 Co radioactive decay tail indicates that the mass of 56 Ni ejected during the explosion is much smaller (M Ni 2-8 x 10 -3 M ○. ) than the average (M Ni 6-10 x 10 -2 M ○. ). Two supernovae of this group (SN 1999br and SN 2001dc) were discovered very close to the explosion epoch, allowing us to determine the lengths of their plateaux (100 d) as well as establishing the explosion epochs of the other, less completely observed SNe. It is likely that this group of SNe represent the extreme low-luminosity tail of a single continuous distribution of Type II plateau supernovae events. Their kinetic energy is also exceptionally low. Although an origin from low-mass progenitors has also been proposed for low-luminosity core-collapsed SNe, recent work provides evidence in favour of the high-mass progenitor scenario. The incidence of these low-luminosity SNe could be as high as 4-5 per cent of all Type II SNe.
Dynamics of bulk versus nanoscale W S 2 : Local strain and charging effects

We measured the infrared vibrational properties of bulk and nanoparticle $\mathrm{W}{\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ in order to investigate the structure-property relations in these materials. In addition to the symmetry-breaking effects of local strain, nanoparticle curvature modifies the local charging environment of the bulk material. Performing a charge analysis on the $xy$-polarized ${E}_{1u}$ vibrational mode, we find an approximate 1.5:1 intralayer charge difference between the layered 2H material and inorganic fullerene-like (IF) nanoparticles. This effective charge difference may impact the solid-state lubrication properties of nanoscale metal dichalcogenides.
Behavior of the S parameter in the crossover region between walking and QCD-like regimes of an SU(N) gauge theory

We consider a vectorial, confining SU(N) gauge theory with a variable number, N{sub f}, of massless fermions transforming according to the fundamental representation. Using the Schwinger-Dyson and Bethe-Salpeter equations, we calculate the S parameter in terms of the current-current correlation functions. We focus on values of N{sub f} such that the theory is in the crossover region between the regimes of walking behavior and QCD-like (nonwalking) behavior. Our calculations indicate that the contribution to S from a given fermion decreases as one moves from the QCD-like to the walking regimes. The implications of this result for technicolor theories are discussed.
Enhanced Role of Convection in Future Hourly Rainfall Extremes Over South Korea

A convection‐permitting regional climate model (CPRCM) with 2.5 km resolution has been simulated over South Korea for current and future conditions, and the role of convection in the scaling of hourly extreme precipitation (EP) with temperature is examined. It is found that the CPRCM can reproduce the observed super Clausius‐Clapeyron (C‐C) scaling for hourly EP. Precipitation type estimated based on the convective available potential energy reveals the important role of convection in the super C‐C scaling. Fraction of convective rainfall events increases rapidly with temperature, and the contribution of convection becomes dominant in future simulations under high‐emission scenarios. In the late 21st century, as temperature ranges shift to warmer conditions, unprecedented hourly extreme rainfall events are projected to occur particularly during the late summer season. Future changes in hourly extreme events are found to be affected much by boundary conditions from different global climate models.
The thermodynamical cost of some interpretations of quantum theory. Reply to Prunkl and Timpson, and Davidsson

Here we clarify the assumptions made and conclusions reached in our paper "The thermodynamical cost of some interpretations of quantum theory" [Phys. Rev. A 94, 052127 (2016)], at the light of the criticisms of Prunkl and Timpson [Stud. Hist. Philos. Sci. Part B 63, 114 (2018)], and Davidsson (Master thesis, Stockholm University, 2018). We point out some misunderstandings and some weaknesses of the counterexample Prunkl and Timpson present to challenge our conclusion. We thus conclude, once more, that interpretations of quantum theory which consider the probabilities of measurement outcomes to be determined by objective properties of the measured system and satisfy the assumption that the measured system only has finite memory have a thermodynamical cost.
Ultraviolet Line Spectra of Metal-poor Star-forming Galaxies

We present synthetic ultraviolet spectra of metal-poor star-forming galaxies that were calculated with the Starburst99 package. A new spectral library was generated from Hubble Space Telescope observations of O stars in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. The corresponding mean metallicity of the synthetic spectra is approximately Z☉. The spectra have a resolution of 1 Å and cover the spectral range 1200-1600 Å. A set of model spectra was calculated for a standard initial mass function and star formation history and is compared to synthetic spectra at solar metallicity. We find that the spectral lines are generally weaker at lower metallicity, as expected from the lower elemental abundances. Stellar wind lines, however, show a more complex behavior: the metallicity dependence of the ionization balance can be important in trace ions, like N4+ and Si3+. Therefore, the strength of N V λ1240 and Si IV λ1400 does not scale monotonically with metallicity. We compare our new models to ultraviolet spectra of NGC 5253 and MS 1512-cB58, two star-forming galaxies with one-fourth solar metallicity at low and high redshifts, respectively. The new library provides significantly better fits to the observations than earlier models using the Z☉ library. We discuss the potential of utilizing stellar photospheric and wind lines to estimate the chemical composition of star-forming galaxies. The new metal-poor synthetic spectra are available via the Starburst99 Web site.
THE QUENCHED MASS PORTION OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES AND THE ORIGIN OF THE STAR FORMATION SEQUENCE SLOPE

Observationally, a massive disk galaxy can harbor a bulge component that is comparably inactive as a quiescent galaxy. It has been speculated that the quenched component contained in star-forming galaxies (SFGs) is the reason why the star formation main sequence (MS) has a shallow slope at high masses. In this paper, we present a toy model to quantify the quenched mass portion of SFGs (fQ) at fixed stellar mass (M*) and to reconcile the MS slopes in both the low- and the high-mass regimes. In this model, each SFG is composed of a star-forming plus a quenched component. The mass of the star-forming component (MSF) correlates with the star formation rate (SFR) following a relation SFR , where αSF ∼ 1.0. The quenched component contributes to the stellar mass but not to the SFR. It is thus possible to quantify fQ based on the departure of the observed MS slope α from αSF. Adopting the redshift-dependent MS slope reported by Whitaker et al., we explore the evolution of the relations over z = [0.5, 2.5]. We find that Milky Way-like SFGs (with ) typically have an fQ = 30%–40% at z ∼ 2.25, whereas this value rapidly rises up to 70%–80% at z ∼ 0.75. The origin of an α ∼ 1.0 MS slope seen in the low-mass regime is also discussed. We argue for a scenario in which the majority of low-mass SFGs stay in a “steady-stage” star formation phase. In this phase, the SFR is mainly regulated by stellar feedback and not significantly influenced by the quenching mechanisms, thus remaining roughly constant over cosmic time. This scenario successfully produces an α ∼ 1.0 MS slope, as well as the observed MS evolution from z = 2.5 to z = 0 at low masses.
The spatial evolution of young massive clusters

Context. Better understanding of star formation in clusters with high-mass stars requires rigorous dynamical and spatial analyses of star-forming regions. Aims. We seek to demonstrate that “INDICATE” is a powerful spatial analysis tool which when combined with kinematic data from Gaia DR2 can be used to probe star formation history in a robust way. Methods. We compared the dynamic and spatial distributions of young stellar objects (YSOs) at various evolutionary stages in NGC 2264 using Gaia DR2 proper motion data and INDICATE. Results. The dynamic and spatial behaviours of YSOs at different evolutionary stages are distinct. Dynamically, Class II YSOs predominately have non-random trajectories that are consistent with known substructures, whereas Class III YSOs have random trajectories with no clear expansion or contraction patterns. Spatially, there is a correlation between the evolutionary stage and source concentration: 69.4% of Class 0/I, 27.9% of Class II, and 7.7% of Class III objects are found to be clustered. The proportion of YSOs clustered with objects of the same class also follows this trend. Class 0/I objects are both found to be more tightly clustered with the general populous/objects of the same class than Class IIs and IIIs by a factor of 1.2/4.1 and 1.9/6.6, respectively. An exception to these findings is within 0.05° of S Mon where Class III objects mimic the behaviours of Class II sources across the wider cluster region. Our results suggest (i) current YSOs distributions are a result of dynamical evolution, (ii) prolonged star formation has been occurring sequentially, and (iii) stellar feedback from S Mon is causing YSOs to appear as more evolved sources. Conclusions. Designed to provide a quantitative measure of clustering behaviours, INDICATE is a powerful tool with which to perform rigorous spatial analyses. Our findings are consistent with what is known about NGC 2264, effectively demonstrating that when combined with kinematic data from Gaia DR2 INDICATE can be used to study the star formation history of a cluster in a robust way.
de Sitter Vacua, Renormalization and Locality

: We analyze the renormalization properties of quantum ﬁeld theories in de Sitter space and show that only two of the maximally invariant vacuum states of free ﬁelds lead to consistent perturbation expansions. One is the Euclidean vacuum and the other can be viewed as an analytic continuation of Euclidean functional integrals on RP d . The corresponding Lorentzian manifold is the future half of global de Sitter space with boundary conditions on ﬁelds at the origin of time. We argue that the perturbation series in this case has divergences at the origin which render the future evolution of the system indeterminate, without a better understanding of high energy physics.
Developing a Scale for Measuring the Fundamental Movement Skills of Preschool Children in China

Children aged 3–6 years (preschool children hereafter) are in a critical and sensitive period of developing fundamental movement skills (FMS). While appropriate measurement tools can accurately evaluate their FMS development, such a scale is lacking in China. In this study, a suitable scale for measuring the FMS of preschool children in China was developed by combining process- and results-oriented evaluation methods. The subjects of this cross-sectional study included 21 experts and 358 preschool children (188 boys and 170 girls). Based on a literature review, items suitable for measuring the FMS of preschool children in China were selected, and the final measurement scale includes 12 items in three dimensions: physical locomotion skills, object control skills, and physical stability skills. After a battery of tests to assess its suitability, including inter-rater reliability, test/retest reliability, homogeneity, and construct validity, we find that the proposed measurement scale has good reliability, validity, and sensitivity. This scale reflects the development level of the FMS of preschool children in China and can be used to monitor the FMS of this population in the future.
Toxic Leadership and Project Success: Underpinning the Role of Cronyism

Project success is the backbone of competitiveness and sustainability. The study aims to examine the role of cronyism in the relationship between toxic leadership and project success while taking information technology projects as the study context. Cross-sectional data (n = 240) was collected through closed-ended survey questionnaires to record the responses of IT project employees. The structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was used for analyzing the collected data. Results revealed a negative relationship between toxic leadership and project success, while cronyism positively and significantly mediated the relationship and converted the negative relationship between TL and PS to a positive relationship.
Eclipsing binaries in open clusters – III. V621 Per in χ Persei

V621Persei is a detached eclipsing binary in the open clusterPersei which is com- posed of an early B-type giant star and a main sequence secondary component. From high-resolution spectroscopic observations and radial velocities from the literature, we determine the orbital period to be 25.5 days and the primary velocity semiamplitude to be K = 64.5 ± 0.4kms i1 . No trace of the secondary star has been found in the spectrum. We solve the discovery light curves of this totally-eclipsing binary and find that the surface gravity of the secondary star is loggB = 4.244 ± 0.054. We compare the absolute masses and radii of the two stars in the mass-radius diagram, for dier- ent possible values of the primary surface gravity, to the predictions of stellar models. We find that loggA … 3.55, in agreement with values found from fitting Balmer lines with synthetic profiles. The expected masses of the two stars are 12Mfl and 6Mfl and the expected radii are 10Rfl and 3Rfl. The primary component is near the blue loop stage in its evolution.
Learning Moiré Pattern Elimination in Both Frequency and Spatial Domains for Image Demoiréing

Recently, with the rapid development of mobile sensing technology, capturing scene information by mobile sensing devices in the form of images or videos has become a prevalent recording method. However, the moiré pattern phenomenon may occur when the scene contains digital screens or regular strips, which greatly degrade the visual performance and image quality. In this paper, considering the complexity and diversity of moiré patterns, we propose a novel end-to-end image demoiré method, which can learn moiré pattern elimination in both the frequency and spatial domains. To be specific, in the frequency domain, considering the signal energy of moiré pattern is widely distributed in the frequency, we introduce a wavelet transform to decompose the multi-scale image features, which can help the model identify the moiré features more precisely to suppress them effectively. On the other hand, we also design a spatial domain demoiré block (SDDB). The SDDB module can extract moiré features from the mixed features, then subtract them to obtain clean image features. The combination of the frequency domain and the spatial domain enhances the model’s ability in terms of moiré feature recognition and elimination. Finally, extensive experiments demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method to other state-of-the-art methods. The Grad-CAM results in our ablation study fully indicate the effectiveness of the two proposed blocks in our method.
Fine structure above a light bridge in the transition region and corona

We present the results of multi wavelength, co-spatial and near co-temporal observations of jets above a sunspot light bridge. The data were obtained with the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) on board Hinode, the Interface Region Spectrograph (IRIS) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO). Most of the jets in the Ca II H images show decreasing brightness with height while in the IRIS slit jaw images at 1330 \AA~ jets show a bright leading edge. These jets show rising and falling motion as evident from the parabolic profile obtained from the time-distance diagram. The rising and falling speeds of the jets are similar. These jets show a coordinated behaviour between neighbouring jets moving jointly up and down. Some of the jets show a plasma ejection from the leading edge which is also hotter at the transition region (TR) and coronal temperatures . A Similar behaviour is seen in the AIA wave bands that suggests that jets above the LB reach up to the lower corona and the leading edges are heated up to coronal temperatures. Such jets are important means of transfer mass and energy to the transition region and corona above sunspots.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYLOGENETIC STUDY OF OPHIOCORDYCEPS SPHECOCEPHALA AND OPHIOCORDYCEPS ASIANA FROM VIETNAM

Ophiocordyceps is a megagenus of entomopathogenic fungi belonging to Ophiocordycipitaceae of Hypocreales, Ascomycota. We report here the morphological and phylogenetic analyses of two Ophiocordyceps species from Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, Lam Dong Province, southern Vietnam. Our data showed that one of our studied Ophiocordyceps is a new intraspecies of O. sphecocephala and another is a new record of O. asiana from Vietnam. The BLAST analysis using the D1–D2 sequence of O. sphecocephala from Vietnam showed 96.87% identity with O. sphecocephala sequence (NBRC 101414) and 96.48% with O. irangiensis sequence (NBRC 101399). The phylogenetic analysis using the D1-D2 dataset showed that Vietnamese O. sphecocephala formed a monophyletic cluster with high support (95% RAxML, BPP 1.00 and 0.02 pairwise distance) to the group of O. sphecocephala (NBRC 101414) and O. irangiensis (NBRC101399) from Thailand It is known that D1–D2 sequences are slowly evolved and the nucleotide substitution values within a species is not higher than 0.01, whereas greater value of nucleotide substitution is recorded in separate biological species and Robnett, Raja et al., In the analysis using the ITS dataset, O. sphecocephala again showed its closest relationship to Thai O. sphecocephala (NBRC 101414) and O. irangiensis (NBRC101399). the was moderate (79% RAxML, BPP 0.82), pairwise between O. sphecocephala O. sphecocephala O.
In Vivo Models for Prostate Cancer Research

Simple Summary This review explores in vivo models of prostate cancer currently published in the literature, with the focus on the prostate cancer mouse models that have recently been proposed. The information that researchers currently have about such models is critical for the information that they hope to obtain from future studies. Therefore, it is important that the various models currently published in the literature are systematically brought together. With the benefits and drawbacks of various types of prostate cancer models provided in this review, combined with their relationships to different signaling pathways and stages of tumor progression, the researcher may tackle the question of which model or gene of interest associated with the development of prostate cancer bests suits their future studies. Abstract In 2022, prostate cancer (PCa) is estimated to be the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the United States—almost 270,000 American men are estimated to be diagnosed with PCa in 2022. This review compares and contrasts in vivo models of PCa with regards to the altered genes, signaling pathways, and stages of tumor progression associated with each model. The main type of model included in this review are genetically engineered mouse models, which include conditional and constitutive knockout model. 2D cell lines, 3D organoids and spheroids, xenografts and allografts, and patient derived models are also included. The major applications, advantages and disadvantages, and ease of use and cost are unique to each type of model, but they all make it easier to translate the tumor progression that is seen in the mouse prostate to the human prostate. Although both human and mouse prostates are androgen-dependent, the fact that the native, genetically unaltered prostate in mice cannot give rise to carcinoma is an especially critical component of PCa models. Thanks to the similarities between the mouse and human genome, our knowledge of PCa has been expanded, and will continue to do so, through models of PCa.
Dynamic grouping of vehicle trajectories

Vehicular traffic volume in large cities has increased in recent years, causing mobility problems; therefore,the analysis of vehicle flow data becomes a relevant research topic. Intelligent Transportation Systems monitor and control vehicular movements by collecting GPS trajectories, which provides the geographic location of vehicles in real time. Thus information is processed using clustering techniques to identify vehicular flow patterns. This work presents a methodologycapable of analyzing the vehicular flow in a given area, identifying speed ranges and keeping an interactivemap updated that facilitates the identification of possible traffic jam areas. The results obtained on threedata sets from the cities of Guayaquil-Ecuador, RomeItaly and Beijing-China are satisfactory and clearlyrepresent the speed of movement of the vehicles, automatically identifying the most representative ranges inreal time.