Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accelerated Sparse Representation for Human Activity Recognition

Human activity recognition using wearable sensors plays a significant role in many applications. How to accurately and quickly recognize various activities based on wearable sensors draws more and more attentions. This paper proposes an accelerated sparse representation classification method based on random projection and k-nearest neighbor for human activity recognition. Random projection is first applied to reduce the dimensionality of the activity signal sampled from each wearable sensor. To optimally reconstruct an activity test sample, some nearest neighbor training samples from a few near neighbor classes of the test sample are selected to form a reduced training sample set, based on which the test sample can be sparsely represented. And then the activity class of the test sample is determined by solving an L1 minimization problem. The effectiveness of our method is experimentally validated on an open Wearable Action Recognition Database by recognizing nine common human activities performed by 20 subjects. Our method achieves the highest average recognition rate (92.56%), which beats the traditional sparse representation classification method and the conventional near neighbor algorithm. Meanwhile, the runtime of our method is significantly reduced compared to the traditional sparse representation classification method.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Symptomatic Internal Snapping Hip with Combined Pathologies

Background Arthroscopic iliopsoas tendon release was introduced in 2000. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of arthroscopic iliopsoas tendon release for painful internal snapping hip with concomitant hip pathologies. Methods Between January 2009 and December 2011, we performed arthroscopic iliopsoas tendon release and related surgeries in 25 patients (20 men and 5 women; mean age, 32 years; range, 17 to 53 years) with combined intraarticular hip pathologies. The patients were followed for a minimum of 2 years postoperatively. Clinical and radiological evaluations were performed. Results Snapping sounds had disappeared by the 2-year follow-up in 24 of the 25 patients. All patients who had presented with loss of flexion strength postoperatively showed recovery at postoperative week 6 to 10. Harris hip score improved from 65 points (range, 46 to 86 points) preoperatively to 84 points (range, 67 to 98 points) postoperatively (p < 0.001). Seven hips (28%) had an excellent score, 15 hips (60%) a good score, 2 hips (8%) a fair score, and one hip (4%) a poor score (p < 0.001). The Tonnis grade of osteoarthritis did not change in any of the patients at the last follow-up. Conclusions Patients with painful internal snapping hip have combined hip pathologies. Therefore, the surgeon should keep in mind that painful internal snapping hips are frequently combined with concomitant intraarticular pathologies.
Matrix Biology of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Diabetes: Mechanisms Underlying the Negative Association

Several case-control studies have shown a significant negative association between diabetes and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). This interaction has the potential to further our understanding of these two diseases but has attracted little research. The changes seen in the walls of aneurysmal aortas include inflammation and the activation of proteolytic pathways resulting in loss of elastin and other structural proteins. In contrast, diabetes is associated with increased synthesis and reduced degradation of matrix. The deposition of advanced glycation end products also renders vascular matrix resistant to proteolysis in diabetic patients. The aim of our present minireview is to compare the changes in matrix biology seen in diabetes and AAA and to explore molecular mechanisms that may explain the negative association and identify possible therapeutic implications.
Effect of Concentration on Median Effective Dose (ED50) for Motor Block of Intrathecal Plain Bupivacaine in Elderly Patients

Background The aim of the study was to determine the median effective dose (ED50) for motor block of various concentrations of intrathecally administered plain bupivacaine. Material/Methods Between 2011 and 2013, 64 patients aged ≥70 years, undergoing transurethral, or lower limb surgery with combined spinal and epidural anesthesia in a single hospital were enrolled. The patients were randomized into 3 groups to receive intrathecal 0.75% bupivacaine (Group 1), 0.375% bupivacaine (Group 2) or 0.25% bupivacaine (Group 3). Spinal anesthesia was achieved using injections of up-and-down doses of 0.75%, 0.375%, or 0.25% plain bupivacaine. The first patient in each group received 7.5 mg bupivacaine, and the testing interval was set at 0.75 mg. The efficacy of motor block in both legs was determined using a modified Bromage and a hip motor function scale. The ED50 for motor block was estimated according to the Dixon’s up-and-down method. Results The ED50 for motor block of bupivacaine was 6.10 (95% CI 5.58–6.66) mg in Group 1, 6.04 (95% CI 5.82–6.28) mg in Group 2, and 5.43 (95% CI 5.19–5.67) mg in Group 3. There were significant differences in the ED50 for motor block among the groups (P=0.008). Conclusions The ED50 doses for motor block with 3 bupivacaine concentrations were significantly different in elderly patients; the ED50 dose of 0.75% bupivacaine being significantly higher than that of 0.25% bupivacaine.
Osteomyocutaneous deep circumflex iliac artery perforator flap in the reconstruction of midface defect with facial skin loss: A case report

We describe the value of the osteomyocutaneous deep circumflex iliac artery perforator (DCIAP) flap in the complex midface defect requiring oronasal, skeletal, and facial skin reconstruction. The skin island is thin and vascular pedicle is long and flexible enough to allow reconstruction of a variety of cutaneous defects. The DCIAP option offers an apparently excellent and complete reconstruction and good potential for subsequent rehabilitation, however can be raised synchronously with the ablative procedure and requires only one pair of anastamoses. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2009.
Parsing Domain Actions with Phrase-Level Grammars and Memory-Based Learners

In this paper, we describe an approach to analysis for spoken language translation that combines phrase-level grammar-based parsing and automatic domain action classification. The job of the analyzer is to transform utterances into a shallow semantic task-oriented interlingua representation. The goal of our hybrid approach is to provide accurate real-time analyses and to improve robustness and portability to new domains and languages.
A Comparative Study on K Means and PAM Algorithm using Physical Characters of Different Varieties of Mango in India

is the most important and popular technique for finding pattern and relationships in databases. In this paper a comparative study has been done on the clustering techniques like k-means and k-mediod (PAM) with difference distance measures to classify the different varieties of mango based on physical characters of fruit. As the purity of result of a clustering algorithm depend upon the distance measure technique used in that algorithm we have validate the result using different distance measure also. Classification of agricultural data is still remains a challenge due to its high dimension and noise. This type of study may be helpful for the agricultural research as well as for the field of science and technology.
Use of probiotic Lactobacillus preparation to prevent diarrhoea associated with antibiotics: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial

Objective To determine the efficacy of a probiotic drink containing Lactobacillus for the prevention of any diarrhoea associated with antibiotic use and that caused by Clostridium difficile. Design Randomised double blind placebo controlled study. Participants 135 hospital patients (mean age 74) taking antibiotics. Exclusions included diarrhoea on admission, bowel pathology that could result in diarrhoea, antibiotic use in the previous four weeks, severe illness, immunosuppression, bowel surgery, artificial heart valves, and history of rheumatic heart disease or infective endocarditis. Intervention Consumption of a 100 g (97 ml) drink containing Lactobacillus casei, L bulgaricus, and Streptococcus thermophilus twice a day during a course of antibiotics and for one week after the course finished. The placebo group received a longlife sterile milkshake. Main outcome measures Primary outcome: occurrence of antibiotic associated diarrhoea. Secondary outcome: presence of C difficile toxin and diarrhoea. Results 7/57 (12%) of the probiotic group developed diarrhoea associated with antibiotic use compared with 19/56 (34%) in the placebo group (P=0.007). Logistic regression to control for other factors gave an odds ratio 0.25 (95% confidence interval 0.07 to 0.85) for use of the probiotic, with low albumin and sodium also increasing the risk of diarrhoea. The absolute risk reduction was 21.6% (6.6% to 36.6%), and the number needed to treat was 5 (3 to 15). No one in the probiotic group and 9/53 (17%) in the placebo group had diarrhoea caused by C difficile (P=0.001). The absolute risk reduction was 17% (7% to 27%), and the number needed to treat was 6 (4 to 14). Conclusion Consumption of a probiotic drink containing L casei, L bulgaricus, and S thermophilus can reduce the incidence of antibiotic associated diarrhoea and C difficile associated diarrhoea. This has the potential to decrease morbidity, healthcare costs, and mortality if used routinely in patients aged over 50. Trial registration National Research Register N0016106821.
ERS/ELS/ACCP 2013 international consensus conference nomenclature on inducible laryngeal obstructions

Individuals reporting episodes of breathing problems caused by re-occurring variable airflow obstructions in the larynx have been described in an increasing number of publications, with more than 40 different terms being used without consensus on definitions. This lack of an international consensus on nomenclature is a serious obstacle for the development of the area, as knowledge from different centres cannot be matched, pooled or readily utilised by others. Thus, an international Task Force has been created, led by the European Respiratory Society/European Laryngological Society/American College of Chest Physicians. This review describes the methods used to reach an international consensus on the subject and the resulting nomenclature, the 2013 international consensus conference nomenclature. The condition leading to episodes of feeling like you cannot breathe now has a name: inducible laryngeal obstructions http://ow.ly/OMaNl
The Effect of Pixel-Level Fusion on Object Tracking in Multi-Sensor Surveillance Video

This paper investigates the impact of pixel-level fusion of videos from visible (VIZ) and infrared (IR) surveillance cameras on object tracking performance, as compared to tracking in single modality videos. Tracking has been accomplished by means of a particle filter which fuses a colour cue and the structural similarity measure (SSIM). The highest tracking accuracy has been obtained in IR sequences, whereas the VIZ video showed the worst tracking performance due to higher levels of clutter. However, metrics for fusion assessment clearly point towards the supremacy of the multiresolutional methods, especially Dual Tree-Complex Wavelet Transform method. Thus, a new, tracking-oriented metric is needed that is able to accurately assess how fusion affects the performance of the tracker.
Effects of intra-articular application of pulsed radiofrequency on pain, functioning and quality of life in patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The number of studies and evidences is inadequate especially with regard to the efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) application in non-spinal indications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PRF on pain, functioning and quality of life in patients with advanced knee OA. METHODS The study included 21 patients with complaints of knee pain. Intra-articular PRF was applied for 10 minutes at 42◦C. Pain severity was assessed using the 10 cm standard visual analogue scale (VAS). Outcome measures also included a 20-meter walk test, a 6-minute walk test, WOMAC, Lequesne index, and the Short Form-36 (SF-36). All measurements were assessed before treatment and 4 and 12 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS A statistically significant improvement was found in VAS scores at rest and after walking, subscores of SF36-pain and SF36-social functioning, and Lequesne score at week four (p < 0.05). This improvement was maintained for the scores of VAS-walking at week 12 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION It is possible to state that intra-articular PRF application is effective and safe for the pain treatment of patients with advanced knee OA. Therefore, we think that PRF application will be included in chronic pain treatment guidelines in the future with the increase in the number of future studies.
An approach for designing and evaluating a plug-in vision-based tabletop touch identification system

Key functionality for interactive tabletops to provide effective collaboration affordances requires touch identification, where each touch is matched to the right user. This can be valuable to provide adaptive functions, personalisation of content, collaborative gestures and capture of differentiated interaction for real-time or further analysis. While there is increased attention on touch-identification mechanisms, currently there is no developed solution to readily enhance available tabletop hardware to include such functionality. This paper proposes a plug-in system that adds touch identification to a conventional tabletop. It also presents an analysis tool and the design of an evaluation suite to inform application designers of the effectiveness of the system to differentiate users. We illustrate its use by evaluating the solution under a number of conditions of: scalability (number of users); activity density; and multi-touch gestures. Our contributions are: (1) an off-the-shelf system to add user differentiation and tracking to currently available interactive tabletop hardware; and (2) the foundations for systematic assessment of touch identification accuracy for vision-based systems.
Non-uniform motion deblurring for camera shakes using image registration

This paper presents a novel blind motion deblurring method for dealing with non-uniform blurs caused by camera shakes. While there are recent works for non-uniform motion deblurring [Whyte et al. 2010; Joshi et al. 2010], those approaches either limit the freedom of camera motions or require special hardware. Our method is based on a novel representation of motion blurs, which models the blur effects using a set of homographies [Tai et al. to appear]. This representation can fully describe the motions of camera shakes in 3D world, which cause non-uniform motion blurs. Our main contribution is the blind motion deblurring algorithm associated with this representation. We solve the ill-posed non-uniform point spread function (PSF) estimation problem by transforming it into a well-posed image registration problem that estimates homographies. To improve the robustness of our method, we use two input images for deblurring. Our method is experimented with both synthetic and real world examples, and produces superior deblurring results compared to previous methods.
Synaptic Scaling in Combination with Many Generic Plasticity Mechanisms Stabilizes Circuit Connectivity

Synaptic scaling is a slow process that modifies synapses, keeping the firing rate of neural circuits in specific regimes. Together with other processes, such as conventional synaptic plasticity in the form of long term depression and potentiation, synaptic scaling changes the synaptic patterns in a network, ensuring diverse, functionally relevant, stable, and input-dependent connectivity. How synaptic patterns are generated and stabilized, however, is largely unknown. Here we formally describe and analyze synaptic scaling based on results from experimental studies and demonstrate that the combination of different conventional plasticity mechanisms and synaptic scaling provides a powerful general framework for regulating network connectivity. In addition, we design several simple models that reproduce experimentally observed synaptic distributions as well as the observed synaptic modifications during sustained activity changes. These models predict that the combination of plasticity with scaling generates globally stable, input-controlled synaptic patterns, also in recurrent networks. Thus, in combination with other forms of plasticity, synaptic scaling can robustly yield neuronal circuits with high synaptic diversity, which potentially enables robust dynamic storage of complex activation patterns. This mechanism is even more pronounced when considering networks with a realistic degree of inhibition. Synaptic scaling combined with plasticity could thus be the basis for learning structured behavior even in initially random networks.
Recent Developments and Applications of the MMPBSA Method

The Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) approach has been widely applied as an efficient and reliable free energy simulation method to model molecular recognition, such as for protein-ligand binding interactions. In this review, we focus on recent developments and applications of the MMPBSA method. The methodology review covers solvation terms, the entropy term, extensions to membrane proteins and high-speed screening, and new automation toolkits. Recent applications in various important biomedical and chemical fields are also reviewed. We conclude with a few future directions aimed at making MMPBSA a more robust and efficient method.
Reductions that lie

All of the reductions currently used in complexity theory (≤p, ≤γ, ≤R) have the property that they are honest. If A ≤ B then whatever machine M reduces A to B is such that: if on input x, M outputs y then x ε A ↔ y ε B. It would appear that this membership preserving property is intrinsic to the notion of reduction. We will see that it is not. We introduce reductions that lie and sometimes produce outputs y ε B when x ? A. We will use these reductions to further clarify the computational complexity of some problems raised by Gauss.
Factors influencing the decision to perform carotid endarterectomy

Various interpretations of the indications for carotid endarterectomy exist. Physician knowledge as it relates to the decision to proceed or recommend carotid endarterectomy was investigated, using disaggregate discrete choice analysis. Canadian neurologists, neurosurgeons, vascular surgeons, and internists were surveyed. The degree of stenosis was most important, followed by symptoms, comorbid illness, and arterial imaging modality. No differences existed by specialty. Canadian physicians in four specialties are knowledgeable about results of randomized clinical trials for carotid endarterectomy.
Providing a Web-based Online Medical Record with Electronic Communication Capabilities to Patients With Congestive Heart Failure: Randomized Trial

Background It is possible to provide patients with secure access to their medical records using the Internet. Such access may assist patients in the self-management of chronic diseases such as heart failure. Objective To assess how a patient-accessible online medical record affects patient care and clinic operations. The SPPARO (System Providing Access to Records Online) software consisted of a web-based electronic medical record, an educational guide, and a messaging system enabling electronic communication between the patient and staff. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a specialty practice for patients with heart failure. Surveys assessing doctor-patient communication, adherence, and health status were conducted at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year. Use of the system, message volume, utilization of clinical services, and mortality were monitored. Results One hundred and seven patients were enrolled (54 intervention and 53 controls). At 12 months, the intervention group was not found to be superior in self-efficacy (KCCQ self-efficacy score 91 vs. 85, p=0.08), but was superior in general adherence (MOS compliance score 85 vs. 78, p=0.01). A trend was observed for better satisfaction with doctor-patient communication. The intervention group had more emergency department visits (20 vs. 8, p=0.03), but these visits were not temporally related to use of the online medical record. There were no adverse effects from use of the system. Conclusions Providing patients with congestive heart failure access to an online medical record was feasible and improved adherence. An effect on health status could not be demonstrated in this pilot study.
Malware Analysis & its Application to Digital Forensic

:- In this paper we present study about how to analyze the malware on the system for digital investigation and also give the superficial knowledge and comparison about forensic model. This paper proposes a plan for achieving a dramatic improvement in research and operational efficiency through the adoption of systematic approaches for representing forensic data and performing forensic computation. This paper describes the nature of Forensic Science. Here we introduce malware analysis tools. Furthermore we also described malware analysis for digital forensic investigation.
GhMAP3K65, a Cotton Raf-Like MAP3K Gene, Enhances Susceptibility to Pathogen Infection and Heat Stress by Negatively Modulating Growth and Development in Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP3Ks), the top components of MAPK cascades, modulate many biological processes, such as growth, development and various environmental stresses. Nevertheless, the roles of MAP3Ks remain poorly understood in cotton. In this study, GhMAP3K65 was identified in cotton, and its transcription was inducible by pathogen infection, heat stress, and multiple signalling molecules. Silencing of GhMAP3K65 enhanced resistance to pathogen infection and heat stress in cotton. In contrast, overexpression of GhMAP3K65 enhanced susceptibility to pathogen infection and heat stress in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana. The expression of defence-associated genes was activated in transgenic N. benthamiana plants after pathogen infection and heat stress, indicating that GhMAP3K65 positively regulates plant defence responses. Nevertheless, transgenic N. benthamiana plants impaired lignin biosynthesis and stomatal immunity in their leaves and repressed vitality of their root systems. In addition, the expression of lignin biosynthesis genes and lignin content were inhibited after pathogen infection and heat stress. Collectively, these results demonstrate that GhMAP3K65 enhances susceptibility to pathogen infection and heat stress by negatively modulating growth and development in transgenic N. benthamiana plants.
THE EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA (BLACK CUMIN) SEED EXTRACT ON CANDIDA ALBICANS VIABILITY

Objective: Nigella sativa has antifungal effects against Candida albicans. The antifungal activity of N. sativa is due to the components of thymoquinone,thymol, and carvacrol. Oral candidiasis is a common opportunistic infection of the human oral cavity typically caused by the infection of C. albicans.The aim of this study was to assess the antifungal effectiveness of N. sativa seed extract (SE) on the viability of C. albicans.Methods: C. albicans was added to the wells of 96-well microtiter plates that were coated with artificial saliva and exposed to N. sativa SE atconcentrations of 6.25%–50% or 1 μl of amphotericin B (250 mg/μl) as a positive control. The viability of C. albicans was determined with the3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Results: The optical density of C. albicans incrementally decreased on exposure to increasing concentrations of N. sativa SE.Conclusion: N. sativa SE concentration is inversely correlated to the viability of C. albicans.