Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why Individuals Protest the Perceived Transgressions of Their Country

The present research examined emotions as predictors of opposition to policies and actions of one's country that are perceived to be illegitimate. Two studies investigated the political implications of American (Study 1) and British (Study 2) citizens' anger, guilt, and shame responses to perceived harm caused by their countries' occupation of Iraq. In both studies, a manipulation of pervasive threat to the country's image increased participants' shame but not guilt. The emotions predicted political action intentions to advocate distinct opposition strategies. Shame predicted action intentions to advocate withdrawal from Iraq. Anger predicted action intentions to advocate compensation to Iraq, confrontation of agents responsible, and withdrawal from Iraq. Anger directed at different targets (ingroup, ingroup representative, and outgroup representative) predicted action intentions to support distinct strategies (Study 2). Guilt did not independently predict any political action intentions. Implications for the study of political action and emotions in intergroup contexts are discussed.
Working with search results

Source code search is an important activity for programmers working on a change task to a software system. We are at the early stages of a research program that is aiming to answer three research questions: (1) How effectively can programmers express (using today's tools) the information they are seeking? (2) How effectively can programmers determine which of the matches returned from their searches are relevant to their task? and (3) In what ways can tools be improved to support programmers in more effectively expressing their information needs and exploring the results of searches? To begin answering these questions we have conducted a study in which we gathered both qualitative and quantitative data about programmers' search activities. Our analysis of this data is still incomplete, however this paper presents several of our initial observations about how programmers interact with the results from their searches.
Relationship between Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio and Electrocardiographic Ischemia Grade in STEMI

Background Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been found to be a good predictor of future adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Changes in the QRS terminal portion have also been associated with adverse outcomes following STEMI. Objective To investigate the relationship between ECG ischemia grade and NLR in patients presenting with STEMI, in order to determine additional conventional risk factors for early risk stratification. Methods Patients with STEMI were investigated. The grade of ischemia was analyzed from the ECG performed on admission. White blood cells and subtypes were measured as part of the automated complete blood count (CBC) analysis. Patients were classified into two groups according to the ischemia grade presented on the admission ECG, as grade 2 ischemia (G2I) and grade 3 ischemia (G3I). Results Patients with G3I had significantly lower mean left ventricular ejection fraction than those in G2I (44.58 ± 7.23 vs. 48.44 ± 7.61, p = 0.001). As expected, in-hospital mortality rate increased proportionally with the increase in ischemia grade (p = 0.036). There were significant differences in percentage of lymphocytes (p = 0.010) and percentage of neutrophils (p = 0.004), and therefore, NLR was significantly different between G2I and G3I patients (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only NLR was the independent variable with a significant effect on ECG ischemia grade (odds ratio = 1.254, 95% confidence interval 1.120–1.403, p < 0.001). Conclusion We found an association between G3I and elevated NLR in patients with STEMI. We believe that such an association might provide an additional prognostic value for risk stratification in patients with STEMI when combined with standardized risk scores.
Vertebrate pheromones and other semiochemicals: the potential for accommodating complexity in signalling by volatile compounds for vertebrate management

The interaction between volatile and non-volatile, e.g. proteinaceous, components of pheromone and other semiochemical-based signalling systems presents a daunting set of problems for exploitation in the management of vertebrates, good or bad. Aggravating this is the complexity of the mixtures involved with pheromones, not only by definition associated with each species, but also with individual members of that species and their positions within their immediate communities. Nonetheless, already in some contexts, particularly where signals are perceived at other trophic levels from those of the vertebrates, e.g. by arthropods, reductionist approaches can be applied whereby the integrity of complex volatile mixtures is maintained, but perturbed by augmentation with individual components. In the present article, this is illustrated for cattle husbandry, fish farming and human health. So far, crude formulations have been used to imitate volatile semiochemical interactions with non-volatile components, but new approaches must be developed to accommodate more sophisticated interactions and not least the activities of the non-volatile, particularly proteinaceous components, currently being deduced.
On the Energy Efficiency of Device Discovery in Mobile Opportunistic Networks: A Systematic Approach

In this paper, we propose an energy efficient device discovery protocol, eDiscovery, as the first step to bootstrapping opportunistic communications for smartphones, the most popular mobile devices. We chose Bluetooth over WiFi as the underlying wireless technology of device discovery, based on our measurement study of their operational power at different states on smartphones. eDiscovery adaptively changes the duration and interval of Bluetooth inquiry in dynamic environments, by leveraging history information of discovered peers. We implement a prototype of eDiscovery on Nokia N900 smartphones and evaluate its performance in three different environments. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to conduct extensive performance evaluation of Bluetooth device discovery in the wild. Our experimental results demonstrate that compared with a scheme with constant inquiry duration and interval, eDiscovery can save around 44 percent energy at the expense of discovering only about 21 percent less peers. The results also show that eDiscovery performs better than other existing schemes, by discovering more peers and consuming less energy. We also verify the experimental results through extensive simulation studies in the ns-2 simulator.
Sex differences in the protection of host immune systems by a polyembryonic parasitoid

Endoparasitoids have the ability to evade the cellular immune responses of a host and to create an environment suitable for survival of their progeny within a host. Generally, the host immune system is suppressed by endoparasitoids. However, polyembryonic endoparasitoids appear to invade their hosts using molecular mimicry rather than immune system suppression. It is not known how the host immune system is modified by polyembryonic endoparasitoids. Using haemocyte counts and measurement of cellular immune responses, we evaluated modification of the host immune system after separate infestations by a polyembryonic parasitoid (Copidosoma floridanum) and another parasitoid (Glyptapanteles pallipes) and by both together (multi-parasitism). We found that the polyembryonic parasitoid maintains and enhances the host immune system, whereas the other parasitoid strongly suppresses the immune system. Multi-parasitization analysis revealed that C. floridanum cancelled the immune suppression by G. pallipes and strengthened the host immunity. This enhancement was much stronger with male than with female C. floridanum.
Over complexe preposities en convergentie

V Europese talen beschikken over constructies van het type [P (Det) N P] (zoals ‘aan de hand van’ of ‘met betrekking tot’), die qua functie zeer vergelijkbaar zijn met ‘gewone’ preposities. Ze vertonen diverse typische kenmerken van grammaticalisatieprocessen, zoals ‘semantic bleaching’, een betekenisverandering waardoor ze geschikt worden voor abstractere contexten en nieuwe functies. Corpusonderzoek wijst bovendien op een verschuiving van patronen mét een lidwoord naar patronen zonder een lidwoord. Traditioneel voert men vooral de genetische verwantschap van de Europese talen aan ter verklaring voor dergelijke parallelle ontwikkelingen. In aansluiting bij Van der Horst (2013) zoekt deze bijdrage naar aanvullende of alternatieve verklaringen. Er wordt aangenomen dat de populariteit van de complexe preposities kan worden gerelateerd aan het succes van de geschreven standaardtaal en de opkomst van de pers en de vaktalen in de loop van de 19de en 20ste eeuw. Het zijn dus niet de vaste verbindingen en de complexe preposities zelf die direct in verband kunnen worden gebracht met culturele en maatschappelijke ontwikkelingen, maar wel het ontstaan van communicatieve behoeftes en tekstsoorten die het gebruik van deze constructies bevorderen.
Are large language models good annotators?

Numerous Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks require precisely labeled data to ensure effective model training and achieve optimal performance. However, data annotation is marked by substantial costs and time requirements, especially when requiring specialized domain expertise or annotating a large number of samples. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of employing large language models (LLMs) as replacements for human annotators. We assess the zero-shot performance of various LLMs of different sizes to determine their viability as substitutes. Furthermore, recognizing that human annotators have access to diverse modalities, we introduce an image-based modality using the BLIP-2 architecture [17] to evaluate LLM annotation performance. Among the tested LLMs, Vicuna-13b [34] demonstrates competitive performance across diverse tasks. To assess the potential for LLMs to replace human annotators, we train a supervised model using labels generated by LLMs and compare its performance with models trained using human-generated labels. However, our findings reveal that models trained with human labels consistently outperform those trained with LLM-generated labels. We also highlights the challenges faced by LLMs in multilingual settings, where their performance significantly diminishes for tasks in languages other than English.
A Comparison of Standard Thai Achievement of Ethnic Karen First A Comparison of Standard Thai Achievement of Ethnic Karen First Grade Students in Monolingual Thai Grade Students in Monolingual Thai

The purposes of this study were firstly to compare the achievement of ethnic Karen first grade students in 3 types of classrooms: monolingual Thai, informal bilingual Thai-Karen, and mother tongue-based multilingual education or MTB-MLE, and secondly, to study the correlation between studentsû literacy and speaking accuracy. The subjects were 76 ethnic Karen students from 3 different schools in Educational Service Area Office 5, in Chiang Mai Province. The instruments consisted of a reading aloud test, a writing test, and a speaking test. The statistical methods used in this study were mean, standard deviation, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe post hoc comparisons, and the Pearson Product Moment correlation. The results showed that students from the informal bilingual classroom achieved a mean score which was significantly higher than that achieved by students from the monolingual Thai classroom. Furthermore, students in the MTB-MLE classroom showed a significant correlation between literacy achievement and speaking accuracy in Thai. This correlation was higher than those from the informal bilingual and the monolingual Thai classrooms respectively. Therefore, it appears that the classroom environment where the studentsû mother tongue was not used was disadvantageous for studentsû acquisition of standard Thai.
Chemical Cocktails

Increasing evidence suggests that environmental chemicals that interact with the endocrine system harm the health of humans and animals. More recent studies suggest further that these chemicals act syn-ergistically, meaning that their combined effect is greater than the sum of their individual effects. While few scientists doubt that endocrine disruptors can cause significant harm to humans and wildlife, there is a great deal of controversy over whether syner-gism is indeed part of the equation-and how researchers can go about finding out the truth ofthe matter. In a paper published in the January-March 1999 issue of Toxicology and Indurtrial Health, Warren P. Porter, a professor ofzoology at the University ofWisconsin in Madison, reported that mixtures of the pesticides aldicarb and atrazine and the fertilizer nitrate altered nervous system, endocrine, and immune system function in several strains of mice while each compound alone did not. In the study, mice were given drinking water laced with each of the eight possible combinations of the three chemicals in There are two spiritual dangers in not owning a farm. One is the danger of supposing that breakfast comes from the grocery, and the other that heat comes from the furnace. concentrations approximating their maximum permissible concentration levels in groundwater. The researchers then examined aspects of behavior and physiology. The researchers distinguished between fall/winter and spring/summer experiments because the animals' hormones change with the seasons, which can affect metabolism ofchemicals. The most significant result involved the animals' ability to produce antibodies to foreign proteins. One group of mice exposed to aldicarb and nitrate during fall/winter had a tenfold increase in ability to make antibodies to foreign proteins. The increase in antibody production does not imply improved health, says Porter, because it may be occurring at the expense of some other aspect of immune function. Unbound thyroxine (a thyroid hormone) increased by 25-50% in some of the treatment groups during spring/summer experiments, but the number of chemicals to which the mice were exposed made little difference in the results. "Thyroxine affects production of steroids in the adrenals; these can modify immune function," says Porter. Thyroxine can also have a profound impact on brain development. In behavioral experiments , most of the experiments resulted in suppressed aggression, although enhanced levels of aggression were also observed, he says. Menacing mixtures? The synergistic effects of agricultural chemical mixtures on human health are controversial, and scientists agree that much more research …
Human hypervariable sequences in risk assessment: rare Ha-ras alleles in cancer patients.

A variable tandem repeat (VTR) is responsible for the hyperallelism one kilobase 3' to the human c-Ha-ras-1 (Ha-ras) gene. Thirty-two distinct restriction fragments, comprising 3 allelic classes by frequency of occurrence, have thus far been detected in a sample size of approximately 800 caucasians. Rare Ha-ras alleles, 21 in all, are almost exclusively confined to the genomes of cancer patients (p less than 0.001). From our data we have computed the relative cancer risk associated with possession of a rare Ha-ras allele to be 27. To understand the molecular basis for this phenomenon, we have begun to clone Ha-ras fragments from nontumor DNA of cancer patients. We report here the weak activation, as detected by transfection and transformation of NIH 3T3 mouse cells, of two Ha-ras genes which were obtained from lymphocyte DNA of a melanoma patient. We have mapped the regions that confer this transforming activity to the fragment containing the VTR in one Ha-ras clone and the fragment containing gene coding sequences in the other. ImagesFIGURE 1.
Interleukin-12: a cytokine produced by antigen-presenting cells with immunoregulatory functions in the generation of T-helper cells type 1 and cytotoxic lymphocytes.

and can bind gp130 an in IL-12 a of their which allowed only minimal granuloma upon subsequent egg challenge. ”8 These results suggest that the use of IL-12 as adjuvant may allow the of vaccines1l8 that could prevent schistosoma egg pathology as well as other diseases caused by the production of Th2 cytokines. It is of interest that IL-12 inhibited secondary granuloma formation in mice presen-sitized with S mansoni eggs. ”* These latter results indicating that IL-12 can induce a Thl response even in the presence of memory T cells generated during a Th2 biased immune response, confirm previous results in vitro in the human ~ y s t e m ~ , ~ ~ and indicate that the use of IL- 12 as a an in for a could be in the T
The inverse relation of pre-nuclear and nuclear prominences in German

The importance of pre-nuclear prominences for focus marking has been largely neglected. Recent studies, however, present first evidence that the prosody of the pre-nuclear region indicates its status as part of a broad focus or as pre-focal. This study presents a systematic investigation of the pre-nuclear domain and its relation to the nuclear accent in German. The results show that the realization of the pre-nuclear domain indeed depends on whether it is focal or pre-focal: The pre-nuclear noun is characterized by larger F0 excursions, higher F0 maxima, and longer durations when it is in broad focus than when it precedes a narrow focus. Furthermore, the realization of a pre-focal, pre-nuclear domain depends on the following focus: The pre-nuclear noun is produced with smaller F0 excursions, lower F0 maxima, and shorter durations before a corrective focus than before a non-corrective narrow focus. The comparison to the nuclear accent suggests an inverse relationship, i.e., the pre-nuclear domain becomes less prominent (i.e., realized with smaller F0 excursions, lower F0 maxima and shorter durations) when the nuclear domain becomes more prominent. The findings suggest that the phonetic manifestation of information structure is distributed over larger prosodic domains and entails the modulation of phrasal prominence profiles rather than just local adjustments of the nucleus.
Active Sample Selection Based Incremental Algorithm for Attribute Reduction With Rough Sets

Attribute reduction with rough sets is an effective technique for obtaining a compact and informative attribute set from a given dataset. However, traditional algorithms have no explicit provision for handling dynamic datasets where data present themselves in successive samples. Incremental algorithms for attribute reduction with rough sets have been recently introduced to handle dynamic datasets with large samples, though they have high complexity in time and space. To address the time/space complexity issue of the algorithms, this paper presents a novel incremental algorithm for attribute reduction with rough sets based on the adoption of an active sample selection process and an insight into the attribute reduction process. This algorithm first decides whether each incoming sample is useful with respect to the current dataset by the active sample selection process. A useless sample is discarded while a useful sample is selected to update a reduct. At the arrival of a useful sample, the attribute reduction process is then employed to guide how to add and/or delete attributes in the current reduct. The two processes thus constitute the theoretical framework of our algorithm. The proposed algorithm is finally experimentally shown to be efficient in time and space.
A 1 -CONNECTEDNESS OF MODULI OF VECTOR BUNDLES ON A CURVE

In this note, we prove that the moduli stack of vector bundles on a curve with a ﬁxed determinant is A 1 -connected. We obtain this result by classifying vector bundles on a curve up to A 1 - concordance. Consequently, we classify P n -bundles on a curve up to A 1 -weak equivalence, extending a result in [3] of Asok-Morel. We also give an explicit example of a variety which is A 1 - h -cobordant to a projective bundle over P 2 but does not have the structure of a projective bundle over P 2 , thus answering a question of Asok-Kebekus-Wendt [2]
The molecular modeling toolkit: A new approach to molecular simulations

The Molecular Modeling Toolkit is a library that implements common molecular simulation techniques, with an emphasis on biomolecular simulations. It uses modern software engineering techniques (object‐oriented design, a high‐level language) to overcome limitations associated with the large monolithic simulation programs that are commonly used for biomolecules. Its principal advantages are (1) easy extension and combination with other libraries due to modular library design; (2) a single high‐level general‐purpose programming language (Python) is used for library implementation as well as for application scripts; (3) use of documented and machine‐independent formats for all data files; and (4) interfaces to other simulation and visualization programs. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 21: 79–85, 2000
DspGNN: Bringing Spectral Design to Discrete Time Dynamic Graph Neural Networks for Edge Regression

We introduce Dynamic Spectral-Parsing Graph Neural Network (DspGNN), a novel model that introduces spectral-designed graph convolution for representation learning and edge regression on Discrete Time Dynamic Graphs (DTDGs). Our first contribution is the optimization of spectral-designed methods for capturing evolving spectral information on DTDGs. In addition, we propose an efficient technique, Active Node Mapping, to address the computational challenge of eigen-decomposition on large DTDGs. Our model consistently outperforms baseline models on three publicly available datasets for edge regression tasks
Partial Differential Equations/Mathematical Problems in Mechanics Asymptotic stability of shock proﬁles in radiative hydrodynamics

In a former work, we have shown the existence of smooth shock proﬁles for a model of nonequilibrium radiative hydrodynamics. In this Note, we show that such shock proﬁles are asymptotically stable for zero mass perturbation. Following the case of viscous shock proﬁles, the analysis relies on energy estimates for the integrated system. To cite this article: C. Lin et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 345 (2007). ©