Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE SPIRITUAL-ECOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES OF TIDORE TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION

G20 summit in August has established various strategies and issues focusing in environmental managements, especially climate change. It has prompted some parties to realize a better understanding of climate change amid their limitations. The roles of indigenous communities are considered by many social scientists as parties which are able to contribute significantly to environmental conservation which indirectly has an impact on corporate efforts as the G20 country aspires to. This study intends to explain how the spiritual beliefs and practices of indigenous peoples in Tidore, North Maluku, who have been acculturated with Islam, can catalyze natural preservation. This research was conducted through an ethnographic approach in Kalaodi village, Tidore, North Maluku. The data was collected through observations and in-depth interviews with 16 informants consisting of traditional leaders, heads of village, and ordinary civilians. The findings showed that the beliefs and eco-spiritual practices of the Kalaodi people, known as Paca Goya, have successful impacts in environmental issues in the region remaining sustainable and even become one of the protected forests in Indonesia. It is undoubtedly a positive approach of campaigning better understanding of climate change amid public confusion about the threat of global warming.Negara G20 pada KTT Agustus lalu telah memantapkan berbagai strategi dan fokus isu dalam pengelolaan lingkungan, khususnya perubahan iklim. Hal ini mendorong sejumlah pihak untuk bagaimana mewujudkan perubahan iklim yang lebih baik di tengah berbagai keterbatasan yang ada? Peran komunitas adat dewasa ini dilirik oleh banyak ilmuwan sosial telah berkontribusi signifikan dalam konservasi lingkungan yang secara tidak langsung tentu memiliki dampak pada upaya peruahan iklim seperti yang dicita-citakan Negara G20. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menjelaskan bagaimana keyakinan dan praktik spritual masyarakat adat di Tidore Maluku Utara yang telah berakulturasi dengan budaya Islam mampu menjadi katalisator dalam pelestarian alam. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan etnografi di desa Kalaodi, Tidore, Maluku Utara. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 16 informan yang terdiri dari tokoh adat, lurah, dan warga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keyakinan dan praktik eco-spiritual masyarakat Kalaodi yang dikenal dengan Paca Goya telah berhasil menjadikan kawasan lingkungan tersebut tetap lestari dan bahkan menjadi salah satu hutan lindung di Indonesia. Hal ini tentu menjadi indikasi positif bagi terwujudnya perubahan iklim yang lebih baik di tengah kebingungan masyarakat akan ancaman global warming dunia.
Planar Microwave Sensor with High Sensitivity for Material Characterization Based on Square Split Ring Resonator (SSRR) for Solid and Liquid

Microwave resonator sensors are the most extensively used sensors in the food industries, quality assurance, medical, and manufacturing. Planar resonant technique is chosen as the medium for characterizing dielectric properties of material due to its compact in size, low cost and easy to fabricate. But these techniques have a low Q-factor and little sensitivity. This work uses the perturbation approach to overcome this technique's flaw, which is that Q-factor and resonant frequency are affected by the resonator's dielectric properties. This suggested sensor operated at 2.5GHz between 1GHz and 4GHz for material characterisation of solid and liquid samples. These sensors were constructed on a substrate made of RT/Duroid Roger 5880, which has a copper layer that is 0.0175 mm thick and has a dielectric constant of 2.2. This square split ring resonator (SSRR) sensor thus generates narrower resonant, low insertion loss, and a high Q-factor value of 430 at 2.5GHz. The SSRR sensor's sensitivity is 98.59%, which is higher than that of past studies. The application of the suggested sensor as a tool for material characterisation, particularly for identifying material attributes, is supported by this findings.
Electron Trajectories and Critical Current in a Two-Dimensional Planar Magnetically Insulated Crossed-Field Gap

The critical current in a one-dimensional (1D) crossed-field gap is defined by the transition from a cycloidal flow to a near-Brillouin (nB) state characterized by electron flow orthogonal to both the electric and magnetic fields and uniform virtual cathode formation. Motivated by recent studies on space-charge-limited current in non-magnetic diodes, we assess the meaning of critical current in a magentically insulated two-dimensional (2D) planar crossed-field geometry. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations demonstrate that binary behavior between a laminar and turbulent state does not occur in 2D because the virtual cathode is nonuniform. Rather than a distinct nB state above the critical current as in 1D, there is an increase in Brillouin contribution with the presence of cycloidal components and noise even at low currents. To evaluate the electron flows in a 2D crossed-field gap in the absence of a binary transition, we developed two metrics to assess the Brillouin and cycloidal components in a 2D planar crossed-field gap for various emission widths and injection current densities by comparing the phase space plots from PIC simulations to analytical solutions for cycloidal and Brillouin flow. For a smaller emission width, less Brillouin contribution occurs for a given injection current, while maximizing the cycloidal noise requires a larger injection current. Once the virtual cathode starts to form and expand with increasing injection current, the cycloidal noise reaches its peak and then decreases while the Brillouin components become significant and increase.
Natural biopolymer for 3D printing

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a promising technological approach for various applications in the biomedical field. Natural polymers, which comprise the majority of 3D printable “bioinks”, have played a crucial role in various 3D bioprinting technologies during the layered 3D manufacturing processes in the last decade. However, the polymers must be customized for printing and effector function needs in cancer, dental care, oral medicine and biosensors, cardiovascular disease, and muscle restoration. This review provides an overview of 3D bio-printed natural polymers—commonly employed in various medical fields—and their recent development.
Short sleep time may be the main reason for irregular breakfast to cause overweight—a cross-sectional study

Introduction In recent years, the relationship between circadian rhythm and overweight and obesity has attracted the attention of many scholars. Methods To evaluate association between the duration of sleep and the regularity of breakfast and overweight. A total of 1,178 students from Qingdao University were selected by stratified cluster sampling. There were 601 males (24.69 ± 0.80 years old) and 569 females (24.54 ± 0.70 years old). We used body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) to define overweight levels. Chi-square test, Pearson correlation test, and logistic regression were applied to test association among overweight, sleep duration, sleep onset time, and breakfast regularity. Pittsburgh sleep quality index was used to assess the overall sleep quality of the study subjects. Mediation effect and Sobel test were used to analyze the effect of sleep duration on breakfast regularity and overweight. Results Only 34.1% of the population ate breakfast every day, and eating breakfast 1–3 times per week was associated with a higher risk of overweight (BMI: OR = 2.183, 95%CI: 1.369,3,481; WC: OR = 2.101, 95%CI: 1.232,3,583; WHR: OR = 2.108, 95%CI: 1.331,3,337). The effects of all types of Usual Breakfast Consumption Frequency on overweight were fully mediated by sleep duration (p < 0.05). In particular, the subjects exercised outdoors more than five times per week slept longer (p < 0.05). Conclusion Short sleep duration may be the main reason for irregular breakfast leading to overweight. Adequate outdoor exercise is essential for weight maintenance.
Perceptions, Challenges, and Opportunities of Chinese Language Learning in Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan: Exploring the Role of CPEC

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) projects and Confucius Institutes in Pakistan encourage Chinese language (CL) learning for education, jobs, and other activities. The study explores CL learners’ attitudes, obstacles, and motivations in Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan, and the CPEC’s role in promoting CL education. The research uses a mixed-methods approach to obtain quantitative and qualitative data. The data collection comprised a 5-point Likert scale study with 19 closed-ended and two open-ended questions. Results suggest that both provinces’ students favor CL learning. However, the Mann–Whitney U test indicates Sindh learners’ perspectives, and motivations differ significantly. They generally support CL learning but express concerns about their local language and culture, leading to resistance against foreign language influence in their province. The study illuminates’ student attitudes, obstacles, and motivations in Punjab and Sindh CL learning. The research also explores the potential impact of CPEC on CL education and identifies postproficiency opportunities for learners. These findings influence educational policymakers, language educators, and stakeholders in Pakistan to encourage CL learning. Ultimately, the research is aimed at enhancing CL education in Pakistan, enabling learners to benefit from language proficiency in the context of growing socioeconomic ties between Pakistan and China.
Communication of building in Charles Jencks semiotics at KAKR Bamboo Hall: Vernacular buildings and semiotic trichotomy

This study includes a semiotic analysis of the KAKR Bamboo Hall facade. This is inspired by the architecture and surroundings of the building, which a young vernacular architect created. The first steps in conducting research on buildings are identification studies of the local environment, local culture, and the data utilized in the design process. This study makes use of semiotic theory by Charles Jenks and employs a quantitative research methodology with a descriptive approach. To obtain actual field data, the research began with a direct survey of the research location. A test on semiotics-related architectural theory was conducted using this data. The objective of this study is to provide a foundation or point of reference for the accuracy of the design work that will subsequently be performed on the nearby buildings. This, it is said, is because the village will eventually transform into a historical tourism destination. The findings show that Semiotic trichotomy indicators and Peirce's semiotic theory are compatible. The research's output is a design concept that uses a vernacular building approach in the Buluh Awar area. It does this by emphasizing semiotic trichotomy—the relationship between semiotic concepts and physical structures—in the form of buildings.
Northern Idaho fertilizer guide: winter rapeseed.

Optimal production and returns from rapeseed are achieved when the crop is managed properly. Low yields are most often caused by poor stands, inadequate fertilization, and poor control of cabbage seedpod weevil. Managing summer fallow for effective water conservation and erosion, avoiding soil compaction, and not planting in fields that become waterlogged during winter and early spring are essential for economic returns from proper fertilization.
Limitations of the DC Output Voltage From HTS Flux Pumps

The use of High-temperature superconducting (HTS) flux pumps has emerged as a promising approach for energizing HTS magnets. Compared to conventional power supplies, HTS flux pumps enable the wireless injection of a substantial dc current into a closed HTS magnet, allowing the magnets to operate in a persistent current mode. There are a lot of advantages to energize the HTS magnets in this manner. First of all, it avoids sophisticated power supplies and heavy current leads. Secondly, excessive cryogenic losses caused by thick warm-to-cold current leads can be reduced. Additional benefits include cost-effectiveness, reduced energy consumption, and a compact form factor. The most important parameter to evaluate the performance of the flux pump is its dc output voltage, which determines the charging capability. In this paper, we study both instantaneous and time-averaged dc output voltage for two most popular flux pumps – transformer-rectifier flux pump (TRFP) and high-Tc superconducting dynamo by a finite-element method model. Moreover, their working principles, structures and operation strategies are discussed. This work reveals characteristics and limitations of two flux pumps and is indicative for designing a high performance HTS flux pump for the specific application.
Development of Edmodo-Based E-learning on Newton’s Laws

The application of learning technology in the digital era, for example, the use of learning, has potential advantages to help educators and students achieve learning goals. Learning activities are still conventional and using less attractive learning media affect students' interest and learning motivation, so learning media are needed to increase motivation and help students to understand the material optimally. This study aims to determine the validity of Edmodo-based e-learning media in Newton's Law courses. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) with a 4D research design (Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate). This research is limited to the development stage. The respondents of this study were two teachers who were subject experts and media experts. The study results show that Edmodo-based e-learning on Newton's Laws is due to the validity of the learning media. Subject expert validity is in the very good category, with a score of 4.77. Media expert validity is in the good category, with a score of 3.90. The results of this study have implications for the readiness of learning media to support the achievement of learning objectives in Newton's Laws subjects.
Internal Audit During a Pandemic: Acceptance of Technology in Internal Audit in Retail Companies

This research is qualitative research with a case study approach to the use of technology in the internal audit department of a retail company during the pandemic. The samples used were all internal auditors of PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk Branch Jember. The data analysis used was the focus group discussion (FGD) method and literature study. Research results related to audit activities during a pandemic from the point of view of technology utilization have been implemented in five (5) sectors. Sector planning, documents, field audits, confirmation and reporting. In general, the use of technology in carrying out internal audits during a pandemic has been well adapted.
Comparison of in vitro antioxidant capacities of
 Phragmites communis Trin. and Phragmites
 japonica Steud.

The rhizome of Phragmites communis Trin. is used for vomiting and belching by clearing stomach and the sprout is used as tea. Phragmites japonica is similar with P. communis except the color of sheath is purple. This study is aimed to compare the in vitro antioxidant activity, total polyphenol and flavonoids contents of P. communis and P. japonica. The antioxidant activities of fractions from the two Phragmites plants were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assay. The antioxidant activity varied with plant parts and extract solvents. The fractions of leaf extract from the two Phragmites plants (4.06± 1.32-16.47±1.28%) showed higher antioxidant activity by DPPH assay compared with rhizome fractions of two Phragmites plants (0.00±0.00-14.15±0.07%), these are lower compared with ascorbic acid and butylhydroxyanisole (BHA). The highest ABTS radical scavenging activity was found for rhizome ether fraction, namely 74.95±0.56% and 73.04±1.85% for P. communis and P. japonica, these are higher than BHA. The total polyphenol and flavonoids contents were different with plant parts and extract solvents, likewise antioxidant activity. A significant correlation was shown between DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Considering the results of this study, the leaves and stems of P. communis and P. japonica are expected to be used as natural antioxidants.
Efficient brownfield optimization of a reservoir in west Siberia

In this work we present a methodology for optimal management of brownfields that is illustrated on a real field. The approach does not depend on the particular reservoir flow simulator used, although streamline-derived information is leveraged to accelerate the optimization. The method allows one to include (non-linear) constraints (e.g. a recovery factor larger than a given baseline value), which are very often challenging to address with optimization tools. We rely on derivative-free optimization coupled with the filter method for non-linear constraints, although the methodology can also be combined with approaches that utilize exact/approximate gradients. Performance in terms of wall-clock time can be improved further if distributed-computing resources are available (the method is amenable to parallel implementation). The methodology is showcased using a real field in west Siberia where net present value (NPV) is maximized subject to a constraint for the recovery factor. The optimization variables represent a discrete time series for well bottom-hole pressure over a fraction of the production time frame. An increase in NPV of 7.9% is obtained with respect to an existing baseline. The optimization methods studied include local optimization algorithms (e.g. generalized pattern search) and global search procedures (e.g. particle swarm optimization). The controls for one injection well in the real field were actually modified according to the solution determined in this work. The results obtained suggest improvement for most economic scenarios.
X-Ray Mineralogy from Holes 399, 400, 400A, 401, 402, and 402A of Bay of Biscay

Quartz, calcite, and dolomite have been analyzed automatically in percentages versus total rock (see Figures 1,2, and 3). (Figure 1 is in back pocket, this volume.) The presence of siderite, Mg-calcite, and aragonite has been verified (see Tables 1 and 2). In these tables of X-ray mineralogy results, the aragonite fraction has been quantitatively dosed as follows: 1 signifies zero to 10 per cent of the total rock; 2 = 10 to 50 per cent; 3 = 50 to 80 per cent; and 4 = greater than 80 per cent. The occurrence of these carbonates and the poor crystallinity of calcite (particularly in the Hole 402A samples of Albian-Aptian sediment) probably explains the large differences between our data and the carbonate content analysis of the shipboard party. We have determined the clay mineral composition (kaolinite, illite, illite-smectite, smectite, and chlorite) of the carbonate-free, fine-grained fraction (<5 μm). In addition, we frequently have found zeolites from the late Aptian up to the Eocene, and opal-CT from the late Aptian up to the late Albian. These minerals are analyzed on the carbonate-free fine-fraction, together with the clay minerals. The major part of the zeolites seems to be clinoptilolite, but some diagrams are different, e.g., Sample 402A-23-3, 104 cm. We always measured the highest peak, which is generally located at 2 θ = 10°. We did not definitely prove the presence of fibrous clays, which are mentioned by Chamley (this volume); this can be explained by their low content (<5%). Nevertheless, we have mentioned the samples whose diagrams remained uncertain. These samples are indicated by the notation " 1 " in the columns "attapulgite" and "sepiolite. " (See Tables 1 and 2.) Finally, we have recorded the presence of fine-grained quartz and feldspars, with the same notation as for the carbonates in the total rock.
Characterization of exosomal microRNAs in preterm infants fed with breast milk and infant formula

Breastfeeding not only reduces infection-related morbidity, but also increases growth of preterm infants. Advantages of breast milk (BM) for preterm infants are significant. They continue to be studied. However, because not all preterm infants can receive breastfeeding, bovine-based infant formula (IF) is used as an alternative, which may increase the risk of several preterm complications. Exosomes isolated from biofluids are emerging as biomarkers in research of various diseases. Here, we characterized miRNA contents of exosomes in urine and serum samples of preterm infants who were BM and IF fed and performed transcriptomic analysis of small RNA libraries. We identified significantly up-regulated 6 miRNAs and 10 miRNAs, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that target genes of these miRNAs might participate in neuronal development, immunity modulation, detoxification of reactive oxygen species, and transmembrane exchange. Our data suggest that exosome-based systemic screening for preterm infants with breastfeeding might be a screening tool for identifying target molecules involved in therapy for preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and for future application as nutraceutical formulations or pharmaceuticals.
Climate risks in the commercial mortgage portfolios of life insurers: A focus on sea level rise and flood risks

In this paper, we explore the climate risk exposure of U.S. life insurers’ commercial mortgage loan portfolios, focusing on sea level rise (SLR) and flood risks. Commercial mortgages are an important asset class of life insurers: Approximately 15% of the life insurance industry asset is held in commercial mortgages. Life insurers are also important institutional investors in the commercial real estate (CRE) market. They hold approximately 14% of the outstanding CRE mortgage loans and are the third-largest institutional lenders in the U.S. commercial mortgage market. Life insurers are exposed to both physical and transitional risks of climate change through their commercial mortgage investments: Physical damages to commercial properties may increase due to flooding or SLR, and devaluation of certain commercial properties as the economy transitions can also lead to financial losses for life insurers.