Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Control of cell proliferation by reactive oxygen species.

In 1989 my colleague and I reported that low concentrations of 0;' or H202 stimulated proliferation when added to cultures of BHK-21 hamster fibroblasts [ 11. A considerable variety of non-inflammatory mammalian cells exhibit positive growth responses when exposed to low levels of exogenous 0;' or H202 [2]. In our studies, whereas H202 stimulated the growth of both non-transformed and polyoma-virus-transformed BHK cells, 0;' was notably stimulatory towards the tumour-virus-transformed cells [ 11. Differences in growth-stimulatory responses elicited by exogenously added 0;' and H202 have been observed by others [3]. In the case of OF. , certain of its effects, such as increasing intracellular pH and Cazf , are extremely rapid and can be inhibited by anion-channel blockers. H202, which can permeate cell membranes, does not elicit these early growth-related changes, but in common with 0;' can up-regulate the expression of 'early growth response genes'. We have now shown that, if the concentration of exogenously added H2O2 is increased, proliferation of BHK-21 cells is progressively depressed. Higher levels also increase the rate of apoptosis [4]. In addition, under these conditions, we have observed excessive DNA replication [4] as well as gene-sequence-specific DNA damage. In the case of BHK cells exposed to 1 mM H2O2, around four times the normal cellular amount of DNA accumulated [4]. In HeLa cells, we observed that sequences associated with genes encoding catalase, a-1 antitrypsin and fl-actin are more susceptible to damage than sequences associated with genes for heat shock protein 60, H-Ras or p53 [5].
Distinct cell surface ligands mediate T lymphocyte attachment and rolling on P and E selectin under physiological flow

Memory T lymphocytes extravasate at sites of inflammation, but the mechanisms employed by these cells to initiate contact and tethering with endothelium are incompletely understood. An important part of leukocyte extravasation is the initiation of rolling adhesions on endothelial selectins; such events have been studied in monocytes and neutrophils but not lymphocytes. In this study, the potential of T lymphocytes to adhere and roll on endothelial selectins in vitro was investigated. We demonstrate that T cells can form tethers and rolling adhesions on P selectin and E selectin under physiologic flow conditions. Tethering and rolling on P selectin was independent of cell- surface cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) expression, which correlated strictly with the capacity of T cells to form rolling adhesions under flow on E selectin. T cell tethering to P selectin was abolished by selective removal of cell surface sialomucins by a P. haemolytica O- glycoprotease, while cutaneous lymphocyte antigen expression was unaffected. A sialomucin molecule identical or closely related to P selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), the major P selectin ligand on neutrophils and HL-60 cells, appears to be a major T cell ligand for P selectin. P selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 does not appear to support T cell rolling on E selectin. In turn, E selectin ligands do not appear to be associated with sialomucins. These data demonstrate the presence of structurally distinct ligands for P or E selectins on T cells, provide evidence that both ligands can be coexpressed on a single T cell, and mediate tethering and rolling on the respective selectins in a mutually exclusive fashion.
Privacy-Preserving Classification on Horizontally Partitioned Data

With the appearance of large-scale database and people's increasing concern about individual privacy, privacy-preserving data mining becomes a hot study area, to which the support vector machine(SVM) belongs. In this paper, a novel privacy-preserving SVM for horizontally partitioned data is given. It has comparable accuracy to that of an ordinary SVM as we obtain the SVM by using the distinct property of the orthogonal matrices.
Comparing the Security Performance of Network-Layer and Application-Layer Anycast

We provide a theoretical analysis of the security performance of two anycast techniques that could be used as a countermeasure against DNS attacks exploiting vulnerabilities in the interdomain routing system. We argue that that the performance of the two techniques – network and ideal application layer anycast – does not differ in practice. This is achieved by showing that the performance can only differ if a family of special subgraphs that we characterize appears in the interdomain network topology. Our result supports our earlier experimental findings. While experimentation will remain a crucial method to accurately evaluate the behavior of complex routing systems in the future, we hope that analysis such as this one can help to understand and design routing protocols with better security, reliability and performance properties.
Mobile Sensor Navigation with Miniature Active Camera for Structure Inspection

Structural health monitoring and inspection is very important for many civil, mechanical and aerospace systems. It is critical step in maintaining and improving the structural integrity of these systems. In this paper, we propose to develop an automated, intelligent inspection system for these engineered structures, which employs a team of intelligent climbing robots and a command robot to collaboratively carry out the inspection task. To support autonomous navigation, a miniature active camera (MoCam) module is designed, which can be used in the pose calibration of the robot. The robot pose error model is introduced. Based on that, the path planning problem for a single robot is studied and a hierarchical algorithm is developed to generate a path that satisfies the navigation requirements of the robot, Both the error model and the path planning algorithm is verified in experiments
Clinical experience with single-port access laparoscopic cystectomy and myomectomy

Objective This study was performed to assess our clinical experience with single-port access (SPA) laparoscopic cystectomy and myomectomy and the surgical outcomes of those procedures at our institution. Methods The authors evaluated the surgical outcomes of SPA laparoscopic cystectomy in 293 patients and SPA laparoscopic myomectomy in 246 patients. The surgical outcomes comprised operation time, the amount of blood loss during the operation, the change in hemoglobin (before and after the operation), the change in hematocrit (before and after the operation), switching to the multi-port access method, complications, transfusions, and the duration of the postoperative hospital stay. Results The Pearson correlation coefficient and the Spearman correlation coefficient between the operation time and the amount of blood loss were 0.312 and 0.321 for SPA laparoscopic cystectomy, respectively, and 0.706 and 0.674 for SPA laparoscopic myomectomy, respectively. The drops in hemoglobin and hematocrit were 1.33±0.78 g/dL and 4.14%±2.45%, respectively, in SPA laparoscopic cystectomy, while the corresponding figures were 1.34±1.13 g/dL and 4.17%±3.24% in SPA laparoscopic myomectomy, respectively. Conclusion This study reported the surgical outcomes of SPA laparoscopic cystectomy and myomectomy and compared them to previously published findings on traditional laparoscopic cystectomy and myomectomy. No significant differences were found in the surgical outcomes between SPA and traditional laparoscopic cystectomy and myomectomy.
Test case purification for improving fault localization

Finding and fixing bugs are time-consuming activities in software development. Spectrum-based fault localization aims to identify the faulty position in source code based on the execution trace of test cases. Failing test cases and their assertions form test oracles for the failing behavior of the system under analysis. In this paper, we propose a novel concept of spectrum driven test case purification for improving fault localization. The goal of test case purification is to separate existing test cases into small fractions (called purified test cases) and to enhance the test oracles to further localize faults. Combining with an original fault localization technique (e.g., Tarantula), test case purification results in better ranking the program statements. Our experiments on 1800 faults in six open-source Java programs show that test case purification can effectively improve existing fault localization techniques.
A high density, carbon nanotube capacitor for decoupling applications

We present a novel application for carbon nanotube devices, implementing a high density 3D capacitor, which can be useful for decoupling applications to reduce supply voltage variations. The capacitor consists of staggered layers of interleaved carbon nanotubes, alternately connected to anode and cathode contacts. The device can realize a capacitance/area, significantly larger than the ITRS's projected requirements for year 2018. The capacitance per unit area can exceed 1pF/mum2, with a quality factor greater than 100 at 1GHz
Synaptic Connectivity in Anatomically Realistic Neural Networks: Modeling and Visual Analysis

The structural organization of neural circuitry is an important determinant of brain function. Thus, knowing the brain’s wiring (the connectome) is key to understanding how it works. For example, understanding how sensory information is translated into behavior requires a comprehensive view of the microcircuits performing this translation at the level of individual neurons and synapses. Obtaining a wiring diagram, however, is nontrivial due to size, complexity and accessibility of the involved brain regions. Even when such data were available, it were difﬁcult to analyze. Here we describe how a network of ∼ 0.5 million neurons and their synaptic connections, representing the vibrissal area of the rat primary somatosensory cortex, can be reconstructed. Furthermore, we present a framework for visual exploration of synaptic connectivity between (groups of) neurons within this model. It includes, ﬁrst, the Cortical Column Connectivity Viewer (CCCV) that provides a hybrid abstract/spatial representation of the connections between neurons of different cell types and/or in different cortical columns. Second, it comprises a 3D view of cell type-speciﬁc synapse positions on selected morphologies. This framework is thus an effective tool to visually explore structural organization principles at the population, individual neuron and synapse levels.
Structured toponym resolution using combined hierarchical place categories

Determining geographic interpretations for place names, or toponyms, involves resolving multiple types of ambiguity. Place names commonly occur within lists and data tables, whose authors frequently omit qualifications (such as city or state containers) for place names because they expect the meaning of individual place names to be obvious from context. We present a novel technique for place name disambiguation (also known as toponym resolution) that uses Bayesian inference to assign categories to lists or tables containing place names, and then interprets individual toponyms based on the most likely category assignments. The categories are defined as nodes in hierarchies along three orthogonal dimensions: place types (e.g., cities, capitals, rivers, etc.), geographic containers, and prominence (e.g., based on population).
Intensive care unit bed availability and outcomes for hospitalized patients with sudden clinical deterioration.

BACKGROUND Intensive care unit (ICU) beds, a scarce resource, may require prioritization of admissions when demand exceeds supply. We evaluated the effect of ICU bed availability on processes and outcomes of care for hospitalized patients with sudden clinical deterioration. METHODS We identified consecutive hospitalized adults in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, with sudden clinical deterioration triggering medical emergency team activation between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2009. We compared ICU admission rates (within 2 hours of medical emergency team activation), patient goals of care (resuscitative, medical, and comfort), and hospital mortality according to the number of ICU beds available (0, 1, 2, or >2), adjusting for patient, physician, and hospital characteristics (using data from clinical and administrative databases). RESULTS The cohort consisted of 3494 patients. Reduced ICU bed availability was associated with a decreased likelihood of patient admission within 2 hours of medical emergency team activation (P = .03) and with an increased likelihood of change in patient goals of care (P < .01). Patients with sudden clinical deterioration when zero ICU beds were available were 33.0% (95% CI, -5.1% to 57.3%) less likely to be admitted to the ICU and 89.6% (95% CI, 24.9% to 188.0%) more likely to have their goals of care changed compared with when more than 2 ICU beds were available. Hospital mortality did not vary significantly by ICU bed availability (P = .82). CONCLUSION Among hospitalized patients with sudden clinical deterioration, we noted a significant association between the number of ICU beds available and ICU admission and patient goals of care but not hospital mortality.
Improved Tomlinson-Harashima precoding for the downlink of multi-user MIMO systems

By pre-equalizing the interlayer interference at the transmitter, the Tomlinson-Harashima precoding (THP) algorithm provides a solution for the downlink of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, in which, because of the absence of cooperation among mobiles, receiver-based layer-separation algorithms cannot be implemented. In this paper, a new THP algorithm using the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) criterion is developed for the downlink of multi-user MIMO systems. This algorithm, called the MMSE THP algorithm, provides significant performance improvement compared to the zero-forcing (ZF) THP algorithm discussed in the literature. Moreover, ordering of the rows of the channel matrix is found to be important to the THP system performance, and the way in which this ordering affects the system structure is presented. An ordering lemma that generalizes the conditions, under which the ¿best-first¿ ordering is optimal, is introduced.With this lemma it is proved that the ¿best-first¿ ordering method achieves the optimal order in the minimax noise-variance sense for the ZF THP and the optimal order in the minimax error-variance sense for the MMSE THP. Simulation results show the performance advantage attained by the MMSE THP and the optimal ordering.
Probability Distributions over Structured Spaces

Our goal is to develop general-purpose techniques for probabilistic reasoning and learning in structured spaces. These spaces are characterized by complex logical constraints on what constitutes a possible world. We propose a tractable formalism, called probabilistic sentential decision diagrams, and show it effectively learns structured probability distributions in two applications: product configuration and preference learning.
Unpacking the Effects of Reduced Load Work Arrangements

In the context of rising competition and concerns for reducing costs, employers increasingly use reduced load work arrangements (i.e., RLWAs) as part of their HR practices. In this research, drawing from social information processing (SIP) theory, we introduced two novel elements to explore how and when the influence of RLWAs unfold: employees’ perceived job autonomy as a mechanism and the role of RLWA normativeness as a social context and boundary condition. Using a large and representative data set (the WERS, 2011), our findings supported our hypotheses. This research sheds lights on the mixed findings regarding the effects of RLWAs on employee outcomes and questions the assumptions of an invariance social context by introducing and supporting the role of normativeness of the use of RLWA in a workplace. From a practical perspective, caution is needed in implementing RLWAs differentially in a workplace as the presumed effects of RLWAs might disappear in a context where it is seen as a norm.
Positive Emotional Expression Among Couples: The Role of Romantic Competence

We examined the association between romantic competence and positive emotional expressions in a relationship-promoting task serving the dual function of (1) furthering our understanding of the skills needed for adaptive expression of positive emotion that can foster intimacy among couples, and (2) further validating the construct of romantic competence. Eighty-nine emerging adult couples in different-sex relationships were assessed with the Romantic Competence Interview for Emerging Adults and participated in an interaction task, which assessed their ability for adaptive positive emotional expression. Results indicated that women’s romantic competence was positively associated with both her and her partner’s ability for positive emotional expression, even controlling for relationship satisfaction. Implications for understanding positive emotional expression in young couples, as well as the need for increasing romantic competence to facilitate it, are discussed.
Stability and contractivity of conewise linear systems

This work investigates stability of conewise linear systems. By introducing the concept of unit-sphere piecewise contractivity with respect to a given norm, we establish the equivalence between exponential stability and unit-sphere piecewise contractivity with respect to any norm. As an implication, we present a veri£able stability criterion based on state simulation and reduce-order unit ball coverage veri£cation. The approach applies to both continuous-time and discrete-time systems.
Population genetics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a high-prevalence community using a hypervariable outer membrane porB and 13 slowly evolving housekeeping genes.

Baltimore, Md. , is an urban community with a high prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Due to partially protective immune responses, introduction of new strains from other host populations, and exposure of N. gonorrhoeae to antibiotics, the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the circulating strains can fluctuate over time. Understanding the overall genetic diversity and population structure of N. gonorrhoeae is essential for informing public health interventions to eliminate this pathogen. We studied gonococci population genetics in Baltimore by analyzing a hypervariable and strongly selected outer membrane porB gene and 13 slowly evolving and presumably neutral housekeeping genes (abcZ, adk, aroE, fumC, gdh, glnA, gnd, pdhC, pgm, pilA, ppk, pyrD, and serC) in 204 isolates collected in 1991, 1996, and 2001 from male and female patients of two public sexually transmitted diseases clinics. Genetic diversity (), recombination (C), growth (g), population structure, and adaptive selection under codon-substitution and amino acid property models were estimated and compared between these two gene classes. Estimates of the F(ST) fixation index and the chi(2) test of sequence absolute frequencies revealed significant temporal substructuring for both gene types. Baltimore's N. gonorrhoeae populations have increased since 1991 as indicated by consistent positive values of g. Female patients showed similar or lower levels of and C than male patients. Within the MLST housekeeping genes, levels of and C ranged from 0.001-0.013 and 0.000-0.018, respectively. Overall recombination seems to be the dominant force driving evolution in these populations. All loci showed amino acid sites and physicochemical properties under adaptive (or positive-destabilizing) selection, rejecting the generally assumed hypothesis of stabilizing selection for these MLST genes. Within the porB gene, protein I B showed higher and C values than protein I A. Directional positive selection possibly mediated by the immune system operates to a significant extent in the protein I sequences, as indicated by the distribution of the positively selected sites in the surface-exposed loops. Thirteen amino acid physicochemical properties seem to drive protein evolution of the PI porins in N. gonorrhoeae.
Face recognition using improved local texture patterns

Recently, local texture patterns based methods have been widely used in face recognition. LBP and LTP are two typical feature descriptor methods. LBP chooses the central pixel as the threshold and the central pixel is easy be noised. In LTP, it is difficult to automatically set a suitable threshold to overcome the noise. As we know, the average and the stand deviation of a region are good represent of the region and robust to noise. So we present an improved LBP method by replacing the central pixel with the average of the region, an improved LTP method by replacing the central pixel with the average of the region. The experimental results on ORL, AR face databases show that our present methods have better performance than LBP and LTP.
Fast Tracks and Inner Journeys: Crafting Portable Selves for Contemporary Careers

Through a longitudinal, qualitative study of 55 managers engaged in mobile careers across organizations, industries, and countries, and pursuing a one-year international master’s of business administration (MBA), we build a process model of the crafting of portable selves in temporary identity workspaces. Our findings reveal that contemporary careers in general, and temporary membership in an institution, fuel people’s efforts to craft portable selves: selves endowed with definitions, motives, and abilities that can be deployed across roles and organizations over time. Two pathways for crafting a portable self—one adaptive, the other exploratory—emerged from the interaction of individuals’ aims and concerns with institutional resources and demands. Each pathway involved developing a coherent understanding of the self in relation to others and to the institution that anchored participants to their current organization while preparing them for future ones. The study shows how institutions that host members temporarily can help them craft selves that afford a sense of agentic direction and enduring connection, tempering anxieties and bolstering hopes associated with mobile working lives. It also suggests that institutions serving as identity workspaces for portable selves may remain attractive and extend their cultural influence in an age of workforce mobility.