Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Columbia Classification Algorithm of Suicide Assessment (C-CASA): classification of suicidal events in the FDA's pediatric suicidal risk analysis of antidepressants.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the link between antidepressants and suicidal behavior and ideation (suicidality) in youth, adverse events from pediatric clinical trials were classified in order to identify suicidal events. The authors describe the Columbia Classification Algorithm for Suicide Assessment (C-CASA), a standardized suicidal rating system that provided data for the pediatric suicidal risk analysis of antidepressants conducted by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). METHOD Adverse events (N=427) from 25 pediatric antidepressant clinical trials were systematically identified by pharmaceutical companies. Randomly assigned adverse events were evaluated by three of nine independent expert suicidologists using the Columbia classification algorithm. Reliability of the C-CASA ratings and agreement with pharmaceutical company classification were estimated. RESULTS Twenty-six new, possibly suicidal events (behavior and ideation) that were not originally identified by pharmaceutical companies were identified in the C-CASA, and 12 events originally labeled as suicidal by pharmaceutical companies were eliminated, which resulted in a total of 38 discrepant ratings. For the specific label of "suicide attempt," a relatively low level of agreement was observed between the C-CASA and pharmaceutical company ratings, with the C-CASA reporting a 50% reduction in ratings. Thus, although the C-CASA resulted in the identification of more suicidal events overall, fewer events were classified as suicide attempts. Additionally, the C-CASA ratings were highly reliable (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=0.89). CONCLUSIONS Utilizing a methodical, anchored approach to categorizing suicidality provides an accurate and comprehensive identification of suicidal events. The FDA's audit of the C-CASA demonstrated excellent transportability of this approach. The Columbia algorithm was used to classify suicidal adverse events in the recent FDA adult antidepressant safety analyses and has also been mandated to be applied to all anticonvulsant trials and other centrally acting agents and nonpsychotropic drugs.
"For the Children": Class, Race, Place, and Late Capitalist Eco-Enclosure in Benton

“Here is another case of the rich taking from the poor, while those we have elected to protect our best interests, including our governor, tout what a great thing it will be for the community.The rich will get richer, while the working class and poor lose a little more of what they already have little access to: the lake. Soon, if developers have their way, there will be no such thing as public parks or scenic lake views in Michigan for the masses to enjoy. ”
Assessment of immunosuppression by serum inhibition of alloreaction and measurement of cyclosporin A (CyA) serum levels in kidney graft recipients under CyA

The immunosuppressive effect of kidney graft recipient sera was studied on T-lymphocyte alloreactive line (4H) proliferation and compared to native cyclosporin A (CyA) and CyA metabolite concentrations determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) using specific or nonspecific monoclonal antibodies. Three clinical groups were studied: (1) patients experiencing acute renal rejection episodes (CyA-R), (2) patients experiencing CyA-dependent nephrotoxicity episodes (CyA-TOX) and (3) patients in a clinically steady state (CyA-ST), according to their therapeutic regimen i.e., monotherapy (CyA alone) or polytherapy (CyA associated with prednisolone and/or azathioprine). Regardless of the clinical state, sera of patients in polytherapy displayed more inhibitory activity than those of monotherapy patients (24% and 40% inhibition of 4H proliferation, respectively, at sera dilution of 1:2), something which was no doubt due to the inhibitory activity of prednisolone on T-lymphocyte growth. In the two therapeutic regimens, CyA-ST patient sera exhibited the lowest inhibitory activity on the 4H line (45% and 65% inhibition of 4H proliferation in mono-and polytherapy, respectively, at sera dilution of 1:2). Sera from CyA-TOX patients were highly inhibitory (74% and 86% inhibition of 4H proliferation in mono-and polytherapy, respectively, at sera dilution of 1:2), in agreement with RIA assays showing increased native circulating CyA and CyA metabolites and daily CyA intake in this group as compared to CyA-St. Surprisingly, CyA-R patient sera were no less inhibitory than those of CyA-ST patients on 4H-line, antigen-induced proliferation. This clinical group did not differ from others for CyA intake or level of circulating immunosuppressive molecules, suggesting that rejection could be associated with a state of interindividual variation in sensitivity to CyA. In addition, a polytherapeutic regimen seemed to modify CyA bioavailability in CyA-ST group patients, with a decreased CyA metabolite level as compared to their monotherapy counterparts (native CyA plus metabolite/native CyA ratio being 2.73 and 3.73, respectively). In contrast, in the CyA-R patient group, polytherapy appeared to be associated with an increase in CyA metabolite circulating levels (ratio 4.79). In view of the low inhibitory activity of CyA metabolites, this profile might lead to rejection.
POLICIAMENTO GENÉTICO: o DNA publicizado em nome da segurança pública GENETIC POLICING: DNA publicized in the name of public security

This article aims to analyze the use of the collection of genetic material in order to prevent crime. This collection is already being implemented in Brazil, reformulations provided by law under the criminal identification that allows access not consented to the DNA of individuals legally sentenced. Through a historical approach grounded on Foucault’s notion of bio-power, seeks to compare the practices of modern management practices with contemporary life, focusing on the use of genetic material in preventing crimes. The study is complemented by the analysis of Law n. 12.654, which will try to outline some aspects relevant to understanding the current culture of risk and its implications on the precarious boundaries between public and private domain.
Regulatory Cells + Foxp3 Suppressive Human Invariant NKT Cells into Converts b Rapamycin Combined with TGF-Leite-de-MoraesMichel

Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells constitute a versatile T cell subset with important regulatory functions, which are thought to result essentially from their capacity to promptly produce cytokines that inﬂuence the Th1/Th2 balance. In this study, we report that these cells can also express Foxp3, an important transcriptional regulator associated with suppressive activity, once they have been exposed to TGF- b . Foxp3 was expressed by iNKT cells from both peripheral and cord blood. CD4 + iNKT cells acquired Foxp3 expression preferentially, although a lower proportion of their CD4 2 counterpart also became positive. All Foxp3 + iNKT cells displayed CD25 but not necessarily CTLA4 or GITR, regardless of the upregulation of these markers in the presence of TGF- b . Exposure to TGF- b decreased IL-4 and IFN- g production while increasing IL-10, independently from Foxp3 expression. IL-17 was not detected. TGF- b induced high levels of Foxp3, but no suppressor activity, which emerged only in the presence of rapamycin. Peripheral and cord blood Foxp3 + iNKT cells suppressed the proliferation of conventional autologous and heterologous CD4 + T cells equally, in a cell contact-dependent and Ag-independent manner. Our ﬁndings demonstrate that human iNKT cells become suppressive in the presence of TGF- b plus rapamycin, thus adding a new facet to their complex functional properties. The Journal of Immunology , 2012, 188: 000–000.
Visual graph analysis for quality assessment of manually labelled documents image database

The context of this paper is the labelling of a document image database in an industrial process. Our work focuses on the quality assessment of a given labelled database. In most practical cases, a database is manually labelled by an operator who has to browse sequentially the images (presented as thumbnails) until the whole database is labelled. This task is very repetitive; moreover the filing plan defining the names and number of classes is often incomplete, which leads to many labelling errors. The question is then to certify if the quality of a labelled batch is good enough to globally accept it. Our objective is to ease and speed up that evaluation that needs up to 1.5 more times than the labelling work itself. We propose an interactive tool for visualizing the data as a graph. That graph enhances similarities between documents as well as the labelling quality. We define criteria on the graph that characterize the three types of errors an operator can do: an image is mislabelled, one class should be split in more pertinent subclasses, several classes should be merged in another. This allows us to focus the operator attention on potential errors. He can then count the errors encountered while auditing the database and assess (or not) the global labelling quality.
Chip-Package Hierarchical Power Distribution Network Modeling and Analysis Based on a Segmentation Method

In this paper, a new modeling method for estimating the impedance properties in a chip-package hierarchical power distribution network (PDN) is proposed. The key ideas of the proposed modeling method are to decompose the chip-package hierarchical PDN into several structures, independently calculate the decomposed structures, and extract the whole structure's impedance by using a segmentation method. For the impedance calculations of the independently decomposed structures, a new method based on proposed analytic expressions is introduced for a chip level PDN, a resonant cavity model is used for a package level PDN, and equivalent circuit models are used for interconnections. The proposed method has been successfully verified by comparisons with measurements using a fabricated test vehicle in the frequency domain range up to 20 GHz, and it shows improved accuracy as well as computational superiority compared to EM simulations. Finally, the impedance properties in a chip-package hierarchical PDN are thoroughly investigated and analyzed.
A New Measure of Red Tape: Introducing the Three-Item Red Tape (TIRT) Scale

ABSTRACT Much empirical red tape research utilizes the General Red Tape (GRT) scale, which asks respondents to rate the level of red tape on a scale of 0 to 10 (Rainey, Pandey, and Bozeman 1995). Because “popular usage of the term ‘red tape’ requires no precision” (Bozeman and Feeney 2011, 3) and the GRT scale “assumes that respondents understand the terms to which they are responding” (101), evaluating red tape in this way may be theoretically disadvantageous. This article proposes a new measure—the Three-Item Red Tape (TIRT) scale—consisting of three items drawn from previous rules research on rule characteristics to which respondents characterize organizational rules by how burdensome, unnecessary, and ineffective they are. This measure has several advantages over existing measures: it includes several indicators; it does not include the term “red tape”; and it is drawn directly from Bozeman's (1993; 2000) operational definition of red tape. Using structural equation modeling to model survey data from two local government organizations (n = 1,666), this article evaluates the theoretical and empirical validity of this TIRT scale, compares it with the GRT scale, tests its relationship with formalization, which is known as a distinct concept, and addresses implications of this scale on red tape theory.
Stock Returns on Customer Satisfaction Do Beat the Market: Gauging the Effect of a Marketing Intangible

A debate about whether firms with superior customer satisfaction earn superior stock returns has been persistent in the literature. Using 15 years of audited returns, the authors find convincing empirical evidence that stock returns on customer satisfaction do beat the market. The recorded cumulative returns were 518% over the years studied (2000–2014), compared with a 31% increase for the S&P 500. Similar results using back-tested instead of real returns were found in the United Kingdom. The effect of customer satisfaction on stock price is, at least in part, channeled through earnings surprises. Consistent with theory, customer satisfaction has an effect on earnings themselves. In addition, the authors examine the effect of stock returns from earnings on stock returns from customer satisfaction. If earnings returns are included among the risk factors in the asset pricing model, the earnings variable partially mitigates the returns on customer satisfaction. Because of the long time series, it is also possible to examine time periods when customer satisfaction returns were below market. The reversal of the general trend largely resulted from short-term market idiosyncrasies with little or no support from fundamentals. Such irregularities have been infrequent and eventually self-correcting. The authors provide reasons why irregularities may occur from time to time.
An empirical study of liquidity premium

According to stock market liquidity premium theory,by using improved Amivest liquidity ratio index and unbalanced panel data of China A-share market,the relation-ship between liquidity and expected return was studied in this paper.The results show that liquidity premiums exist in China A-share market.This paper also finds firm size and the total stocks between risks are significantly positive related to expected return,while book value is negative related to it.There is no significant relationship between the proportion of outstanding shares and expected return.
BUILDING LINKAGES WITH STUDENTS: INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE CURRICULUM AS PERCEIVED BY UNDERGRADUATES IN THE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY

The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions of College of Agriculture undergraduate students regarding internationalization of the curriculum, student participation in international activities and barriers to student participation in international activities. There is student support for internationalization of the curriculum but there are significant barriers that must be addressed if progress is to be made in this area. International activities have an impact on student perceptions regarding internationalization. The results of the study suggest that instructors and the College of Agriculture need to develop more programs and use a broader spectrum of methodologies to add a global perspective to the curriculum.
Mortality in anorexia nervosa.

OBJECTIVE The author's goal was to shed light on the debate regarding the mortality rate over time associated with anorexia nervosa. METHOD He conducted a meta-analytic study using weighted linear regression to combine crude mortality proportions from 42 published studies to estimate the mortality associated with anorexia nervosa over time. RESULTS The crude rate of mortality due to all causes of death for subjects with anorexia nervosa in these studies was 5.9% (178 deaths in 3,006 subjects). The aggregate mortality rate was estimated to be 0.56% per year, or approximately 5.6% per decade. CONCLUSIONS The aggregate estimated mortality rate for subjects with anorexia nervosa is substantially greater than that reported for female psychiatric inpatients and for the general population.
Suppression of Hepatocyte Proliferation by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α in Adult Mice*

Background: HNF4α is a key factor regulating hepatocyte differentiation and liver-specific functions. Results: Acute disruption of HNF4α in the adult liver causes rapid hepatocyte proliferation through direct and indirect control of multiple pathways. Conclusion: HNF4α is necessary to maintain the differentiated state of hepatocytes in adult liver. Significance: HNF4α expression maintains normal liver function, and its loss stimulates hepatocytes proliferation, possibly leading to cancer. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) regulates genes involved in lipid and bile acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, amino acid metabolism, and blood coagulation. In addition to its metabolic role, HNF4α is critical for hepatocyte differentiation, and loss of HNF4α is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. The hepatocyte-specific Hnf4a knock-out mouse develops severe hepatomegaly and steatosis resulting in premature death, thereby limiting studies of the role of this transcription factor in the adult animal. In addition, gene compensation may complicate analysis of the phenotype of these mice. To overcome these issues, an acute Hnf4a knock-out mouse model was generated through use of the tamoxifen-inducible ErT2cre coupled to the serum albumin gene promoter. Microarray expression analysis revealed up-regulation of genes associated with proliferation and cell cycle control only in the acute liver-specific Hnf4α-null mouse. BrdU and ki67 staining confirmed extensive hepatocyte proliferation in this model. Proliferation was associated with induction of the hepatomitogen Bmp7 as well as reduced basal apoptotic activity. The p53/p63 apoptosis effector gene Perp was further identified as a direct HNF4α target gene. These data suggest that HNF4α maintains hepatocyte differentiation in the adult healthy liver, and its loss may directly contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma development, thus indicating this factor as a possible liver tumor suppressor gene.
On the Relationship between Commercial Property Price and Its Selling Time

Executive Summary. This study documents the relationship between commercial property price and its marketing time. Findings indicate that extended marketing times induce lower transaction prices and that higher priced properties sell in relatively shorter marketing spans. These results are suggestive of a “shopworn” pricing effect and the existence of liquidity premiums in varying pricing segments of the market. Additionally, these results provide guidance to portfolio managers in the acquisition and disposition of commercial properties.
Association of mitochondrial DNA content in peripheral blood leukocyte with hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese Han population

Increasing epidemiological evidence has indicated that inherited variations of mtDNA content could affect the genetic susceptibility of many malignancies in a tumor‐specific manner. However, the association between mtDNA content and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains undetermined. In this study, mtDNA content of peripheral blood leukocytes was determined using quantitative real‐time PCR in a case–control study consisting of 274 HCC cases, 126 non‐cancer patient controls with chronic liver diseases (CLD), and 258 healthy controls. We found that HCC cases had a significant lower mtDNA content than CLD controls (median [range]: 0.77 [0.17–2.30] vs 0.84 [0.32–3.37]; P = 0.012) and healthy controls (0.77 [0.17–2.30] vs 0.84 [0.35–3.44]; P = 0.035). There was no difference in mtDNA content between CLD and healthy controls (0.84 [0.32–3.37] vs 0.84 [0.35–3.44]; P = 0.261). We further assessed the association between mtDNA content and HCC and found that, compared to individuals with high mtDNA content, those with low mtDNA content had a significantly increased risk of HCC when health controls (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–2.55), CLD controls (aOR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.10–2.25) or combined controls (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.12–2.14) were used as reference. In addition, stratified analyses showed that the significant association was only evident in younger individuals, male individuals, ever‐smokers, and never‐drinkers. Collectively, our findings provided the first epidemiological evidence that mtDNA content in peripheral blood leukocytes is significantly associated with HCC, which warrants further validation in prospective studies. (Cancer Sci 2011; 102: 1553–1558)
Endothelin and calcium dynamics in vascular smooth muscle.

The vascular endothelium is a widely dispersed organ system composed of a continuous monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) that partition blood from underlying vascular smooth muscle (YSM). This intriguing structure is uniquely positioned to play a variety of key roles in modulating vasomotor tone. ECs provide a structural and functional barrier to the interaction of circulating vasoactive molecules with VSM and are both a source of and a sink for vasoactive material. Thus ECs actively participate in the regulation of vascular resistance by binding and catabolizing blood-borne vasoactive sub­ stances, converting inactive precursors to vasoactive products, and directly synthesizing and releasing molecules that alter vasomotor tone. I,Intense investigations over the past 15 years have confirmed that vasoactive products of ECs are potent modulators of VSM contractility. Following description of the two unstable vasodilators, prostacyclin (80) and the en­ dothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) or nitric oxide (27), Hickey and colleagues (40) reported the discovery and characterization of a potent and stable peptidergic vasoconstrictor produced by cultured ECs, originally termed endotensin or endothelium-derived constricting factor (EDCF). After confirmation of these findings (29, 89), the peptide vasoconstrictor
Neurotrophic Support and Oxidative Stress: Converging Effects in the Normal and Diseased Nervous System

Oxidative stress and loss of neurotrophic support play major roles in the development of various diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems. In disorders of the central nervous system such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, oxidative stress appears inextricably linked to the loss of neurotrophic support. A similar situation is seen in the peripheral nervous system in diseases of olfaction, hearing, and vision. Neurotrophic factors act to up-regulate antioxidant enzymes and promote the expression of antioxidant proteins. On the other hand, oxidative stress can cause down-regulation of neurotrophic factors. We propose that normal functioning of the nervous systems involves a positive feedback loop between antioxidant processes and neurotrophic support. Breakdown of this feedback loop in disease states leads to increased oxidative stress and reduced neurotrophic support.
Development and Validation of an On-Line Water Toxicity Sensor with Immobilized Luminescent Bacteria for On-Line Surface Water Monitoring

Surface water used for drinking water production is frequently monitored in The Netherlands using whole organism biomonitors, with for example Daphnia magna or Dreissena mussels, which respond to changes in the water quality. However, not all human-relevant toxic compounds can be detected by these biomonitors. Therefore, a new on-line biosensor has been developed, containing immobilized genetically modified bacteria, which respond to genotoxicity in the water by emitting luminescence. The performance of this sensor was tested under laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions at a monitoring station along the river Meuse in The Netherlands. The sensor was robust and easy to clean, with inert materials, temperature control and nutrient feed for the reporter organisms. The bacteria were immobilized in sol-gel on either an optical fiber or a glass slide and then continuously exposed to water. Since the glass slide was more sensitive and robust, only this setup was used in the field. The sensor responded to spikes of genotoxic compounds in the water with a minimal detectable concentration of 0.01 mg/L mitomycin C in the laboratory and 0.1 mg/L mitomycin C in the field. With further optimization, which should include a reduction in daily maintenance, the sensor has the potential to become a useful addition to the currently available biomonitors.