Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary Change within a Bipotential Switch Shaped the Sperm/Oocyte Decision in Hermaphroditic Nematodes

A subset of transcription factors like Gli2 and Oct1 are bipotential — they can activate or repress the same target, in response to changing signals from upstream genes. Some previous studies implied that the sex-determination protein TRA-1 might also be bipotential; here we confirm this hypothesis by identifying a co-factor, and use it to explore how the structure of a bipotential switch changes during evolution. First, null mutants reveal that C. briggsae TRR-1 is required for spermatogenesis, RNA interference implies that it works as part of the Tip60 Histone Acetyl Transferase complex, and RT-PCR data show that it promotes the expression of Cbr-fog-3, a gene needed for spermatogenesis. Second, epistasis tests reveal that TRR-1 works through TRA-1, both to activate Cbr-fog-3 and to control the sperm/oocyte decision. Since previous studies showed that TRA-1 can repress fog-3 as well, these observations demonstrate that it is bipotential. Third, TRR-1 also regulates the development of the male tail. Since Cbr-tra-2 Cbr-trr-1 double mutants resemble Cbr-tra-1 null mutants, these two regulatory branches control all tra-1 activity. Fourth, striking differences in the relationship between these two branches of the switch have arisen during recent evolution. C. briggsae trr-1 null mutants prevent hermaphrodite spermatogenesis, but not Cbr-fem null mutants, which disrupt the other half of the switch. On the other hand, C. elegans fem null mutants prevent spermatogenesis, but not Cel-trr-1 mutants. However, synthetic interactions confirm that both halves of the switch exist in each species. Thus, the relationship between the two halves of a bipotential switch can shift rapidly during evolution, so that the same phenotype is produce by alternative, complementary mechanisms.
Sharing and exchanging: understanding common grounds in northeast India

ABSTRACT Northeast India, a ‘zipper region’ that gives impetus to Southeast Asian and Himalasian studies, is marked by complexities and ambiguities. The paper examines the multiple identity construction in contemporary Assam, the central state of this region and seeks to recover the other experiences that make ethnic life-world possible while challenging the ethnocentric discourses—in academia, politics, public and social movements. Acknowledging the presence of common or possibly universal processes behind the production of such discourses, it aims to interrogate the factors that cut across socio-cultural, political-economical or ecological dimensions. It further examines the multiple discourses and narratives that makes that social possible in the region. In doing so, it locates the strategic positioning of such discourses and how they deal with Indian nation-state and beyond. This paper in essence is interested in the question of possibility of various discourses—as a question of post-history.
Pain Management Practices by Nurses: An Application of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) Model

Pain is one of the most common reasons that drive people to go to hospitals. It has been found that several factors affect the practices of pain management. In this regard, this study aimed at investigating the underlying determinants in terms of pain management practices. Based on reviewing the previous studies and the suggestions of the KAP model, it was hypothesized that the main elements of the KAP model (attitudes and knowledge) significantly predict the variation in the practices of nurses regarding pain management. A questionnaire comprising the KAP model’ s constructs, i.e. knowledge and attitude towards pain management, as well as pain management practices, was used to collect data from 266 registered nurses (n=266) who are deemed competent in the management of patients’ pain in the Jordanian public hospitals. The two constructs, attitude and knowledge, which are the main determinants of the KAP model were found to independently predict nurses’ practices of managing patients’ pain. Knowledge of pain management was found to be the strongest predictor. Additionally, it was found that about 69% of the variance in pain management could be explained by the constructs of the KAP model. Therefore, it is recommended that the Jordanian hospitals and universities focus on nurses’ knowledge and attitude towards pain management in order to enhance their practices in the field of pain management.
Adaptive neurofuzzy system for tuberculosis

In this paper, a neurofuzzy system for tuberculosis (TB) is presented. This proposed work is rule-based fuzzy system which is form of intelligent technique and contain symptoms as its input variables in certain specified ranges & possible cures or referrals to doctors as its output. The adaptability of proposed work is depending upon the rule based algorithm which has decision-making ability and backpropagation learning of neurofuzzy system. Simulated results show the proposed work for automated diagnosis, which have performed by using the realistic causes of tuberculosis disease are effective.
Impact of frequency switching on the efficiency of a fully suspended active magnetic bearing system

Due to the rising energy (and electricity) cost it is essential that an active magnetic bearing (AMB) system is operated as efficiently as possible. Frequency switching caused by an external source can cause an AMB system to operate at a higher than expected energy level and lower than expected efficiency. The purpose of this paper is therefore to investigate the impact of frequency switching (caused by an external source) on the efficiency of a fully suspended AMB system. The shaft of the fully suspended AMB system for this project is mechanically connected and driven by an induction motor and the vertical and horizontal displacements of the driven unit are controlled by means of PID controllers. The model of the fully suspended AMB system with the external fault and the process diagram used for frequency extraction during the fault condition is presented. It is shown that the efficiency of the fully suspended AMB system can be improved by optimizing the controller performance during the external fault condition. Key words: Active magnetic bearings, efficiency and vibration analysis, induction motor, external faults.
Towards an argument-based method for answering why-question in Vietnamese language

In this paper, an argument-based method of answering why-questions in Vietnamese is presented. This method is developed in different way from many approaches which use cue phrases of causal relation to find the answers for why-questions. In this method, the arguments is extracted firstly, then the causal part and consequential part of every argument are split in order to index the consequential part. When a why-question is asked, the asking information is extracted and used to search for the reason, then the reason is used to identify the paragraph which can be used to answer the question. For evaluation, an experiment with keyword-based information retrieval and simple argument collecting process is conducted to show the applicability of the method.
Empathy and coping as predictors of professional quality of life in Australian Registered Migration Agents (RMAs)

Threats to professional quality of life such as compassion fatigue constitute a risk for those working with trauma-exposed individuals. Research has investigated professional quality of life in first responders, mental health practitioners, and medical personnel, but the impact on Registered Migration Agents (RMAs) who work with trauma-exposed refugee clients has not been evaluated. This study examined the prevalence of secondary traumatic stress, burnout and compassion satisfaction in 188 RMAs, and the roles of empathy and coping strategies. More than one-third of the sample members were potentially at risk of compassion fatigue (under two-thirds indicated compassion satisfaction). Regression results suggested that compassion fatigue was significantly related both to lower empathy and to maladaptive coping; while adaptive coping and high empathy significantly predicted compassion satisfaction. Results indicate a potential occupational hazard for RMAs working with trauma clients; suggesting tailored interventions to reduce the risk of deleterious compassion fatigue on RMAs.
Fusion of a camera and a laser range sensor for vehicle recognition

This paper presents a system that fuses data from a vision sensor and a laser sensor for detection and classification. Fusion of a vision sensor and a laser range sensor enables us to obtain 3D information of an object together with its textures, offering high reliability and robustness to outdoor conditions. To evaluate the performance of the system, it is applied to recognition of on-street parked vehicles scanned from a moving probe vehicle. The evaluation experiments show obviously successful results, with a detection rate of 100% and an accuracy over 95% in recognizing four vehicle classes.
Sexual Disorders in the DSM-5: Implications for Counselors

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is one of the most important mediums through which counselors receive information on the evolving nature of the profession. Such evolution is exemplified by the DSM- 5 and its updated conceptualization of sexual disorders. The present article seeks to: a) Outline the key changes in sexual disorders in the DSM-5, b) Offer practical literature-based suggestions for best practice related to said changes, and c) Offer implications for counselor education.
Investigation of young children with severe recurrent wheeze: any clinical benefit?

The management of young children with severe recurrent wheeze is difficult because symptoms are often refractory to conventional asthma therapy and other diagnoses must be excluded. The present authors aimed to evaluate the outcome of detailed, invasive investigations in such patients. Children aged between 3 months and 5 yrs with severe recurrent wheezing, who had been referred to a tertiary centre, underwent a protocol of investigations including a chest computed tomography scan, blood tests, nasal ciliary brushings, fibreoptic bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), endobronchial biopsy and passage of an oesophageal pH probe. A total of 47 children (25 males) with a median age of 26 (range 5–58) months underwent investigation. Of these, 39% were atopic, two-thirds had evidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux and 37 out of 47 had an abnormal bronchoscopy. Findings included structural abnormalities (13 out of 37), excessive mucus (20 out of 37) and macroscopic inflammation (10 out of 37). BAL revealed bacterial growth in 12 out of 44 (27%) patients. Good quality endobronchial biopsies were obtained from 36 out of 46 (78%) patients; of these, 44% had tissue eosinophila and 28% had a thickened reticular basement membrane. Additional investigations (including bronchoscopy) in young children with severe wheeze may help to identify positive diagnoses and provide information to support a clinical diagnosis of asthma. This hypothesis-generating work should form the basis of future interventional studies.
GALACTIC WIND IN THE NEARBY STARBURST GALAXY NGC 253 OBSERVED WITH THE KYOTO3DII FABRY–PEROT MODE

We have observed the central region of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 with the Kyoto Tridimensional Spectrograph II Fabry–Perot mode in order to investigate the properties of its galactic wind. Since this galaxy has a large inclination, it is easy to observe its galactic wind. We produced the Hα, [N ii]λ6583, and [S ii]λλ6716,6731 images, as well as their line-ratio maps. The [N ii]/Hα ratio in the galactic-wind region is larger than those in H ii regions in the galactic disk. The [N ii]/Hα ratio in the southeastern filament, a part of the galactic wind, is the largest and reaches about 1.5. These large [N ii]/Hα ratios are explained by shock ionization/excitation. Using the [S ii]/Hα ratio map, we spatially separate the galactic-wind region from the starburst region. The kinetic energy of the galactic wind can be sufficiently supplied by supernovae in a starburst region in the galactic center. The shape of the galactic wind and the line-ratio maps are nonaxisymmetric about the galactic minor axis, which is also seen in M82. In the [N ii]λ6583/[S ii]λλ6716,6731 map, the positions with large ratios coincide with the positions of star clusters found in the Hubble Space Telescope observation. This means that intense star formation causes strong nitrogen enrichment in these regions. Our unique data of the line-ratio maps including [S ii] lines have demonstrated their effectiveness for clearly distinguishing between shocked-gas regions and starburst regions, determining the extent of galactic wind and its mass and kinetic energy, and discovering regions with enhanced nitrogen abundance.
Type IIB theory on half-flat manifolds

In this paper we derive the low-energy effective action of type IIB theory compactified on half-flat manifolds and show that this precisely coincides with the low-energy effective action of type IIA theory compactified on a Calabi–Yau manifold in the presence of NS three-form fluxes. In this way we provide a further check of the recently formulated conjecture that half-flat manifolds appear as mirror partners of Calabi–Yau manifolds when NS fluxes are turned on.
Real-time high-quality surface rendering for large scale particle-based fluids

Particle-based methods like Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) are increasingly adopted for large scale fluid simulation in interactive computer graphics. However, surface rendering for such dynamic particle sets is challenging: current methods either produce coarse results, or time consuming. We introduce a novel approach to render high-quality fluid surface in screen space by an efficient combination of particle splatting, ray-casting and surface normal estimation techniques. We apply particle splatting to accelerate ray-casting process, and estimate surface normal using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We adopt GPU technique to further accelerate our method. Our method can produce high-quality smooth surface while preserving thin and sharp details of large scale fluids. The computation and memory cost of our rendering step only depend on the image resolution. These advantages make our method very suitable for previewing or rendering hundreds of millions particles interactively. We demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our method by rendering various fluid scenarios with different-sized particle sets.
A Microscopists View of Desert Varnish from the Sonoran Desert

Introduction: The current interest in Mars, especially in relation to water [1-4], has prompted the search for target materials that can provide insights into past and current environmental conditions. One such material is desert varnish (Fig. A), which on Earth has the potential to provide information on past surface conditions in arid environments [5-7], and has been proposed to occur on Mars [8,9]. Desert varnish is a microlaminated surface coating composed of wind-blown dust cemented by fine-grained Mn and Fe-bearing materials [10-12]. This layering reveals an accretionary process , with new layers added onto the surface of existing varnish. There is evidence for a relationship between the chemistry of individual laminations and past climate, with Mn-rich layers representing wetter times [5-7], although such a direct relationship has been questioned [13]. The recent explorations of Mars have prompted a reassessment of varnish characteristics primarily because there is the hope that if terrestrial style varnish occurs on Mars then it too would record past, possibly wetter and warmer conditions. In order to examine the possibility of terrestrial-style varnish on Mars, we report on new studies that reveal the fundamental minera-logical and structural characteristics of desert varnish. Materials and Methods: We used the high spatial resolution of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with the analytical capabilities of electron energy-loss spec-troscopy (EELS) and energy-filtered TEM imaging (EFTEM) to reveal the desert varnish characteristics. Samples were studied from areas in southwestern Arizona with different lithologies and geomorphologic settings. Our observations show that varnish develops in regions that are neither totally devoid of water nor even moderately humid and suggests its use as a rough indicator of past climates. Results: Ultrathin petrographic sections (Fig. B) show alternating Fe-and Mn-rich layers roughly parallel to the varnish surface. The contact with underlying rock is generally sharp. TEM of a sample thinned using a focused ion beam (FIB) provides a large-scale, detailed view of the relationship between the varnish minerals and structure such as microvugs and cross-cutting veins. Clay flakes and mottled material dominate the FIB section, with minor amounts of rounded, presumably detrital particles. Individual clay particles are separated by mottled electron-dense material that is tens to hundreds of nanometers thick. Compositional maps made using EFTEM imaging show the nanometer-scale segregation of Mn and Fe (Fig. C). Stringers of Mn-rich material cut across the varnish roughly perpendicular to the rock surface. The Fe-and Mn-rich material between the clay …
Connecting, swiping, and integrating: mobile apps affordances and innovation adoption in teacher education and practice

ABSTRACT: Despite society’s adoption of mobile devices, we have yet to learn whether teachers perceive these artifacts as an innovation and what their potential is for teacher development and practice. This study aims to answer the following questions: what does mobile application affordances teachers perceive for their professional development and practice? What do these affordances reveal concerning Rogers (2003) innovation attributes, namely: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability? The analysis of eleven teachers’ narratives indicates that teachers do perceive the affordances of their devices for professional development. As for instruction, these teachers report that lack of school equipment and the need for a curriculum that includes the use of emergent technologies may indicate a low degree of compatibility, an attribute concerning a social system’s values. The reported affordances indicate the need for a new value system if the adoption of mobile learning is to take place in formal education.
Conflict resolution for multi-agent hybrid systems

A conflict resolution architecture for multi-agent hybrid systems with emphasis on air traffic management systems (ATMS) is presented. In such systems, conflicts arise in the form of potential collisions which are resolved locally by inter-agent coordination. This results in a decentralized architecture in which safety issues are resolved locally and central agencies, such as air traffic controllers, focus on global issues such as efficiency and optimal throughput. In order to allow optimization of agents' objectives, inter-agent coordination is minimized by noncooperative conflict resolution methods based on game theory. If noncooperative methods are unsuccessful, then cooperative methods in the form of coordinated maneuvers are used to resolve conflicts. The merging of inter-agent coordination, which is modeled by discrete event systems, and agent dynamics, which are modeled by differential equations, results in hybrid systems.
Comparison of Mulligan’s Spinal Mobilization with Limb Movement (SMWLM) and Neural Tissue Mobilization for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common condition which frequently affects the spine in young and middle-aged patients [1-3]; it is one of the most common diagnoses encountered in orthopedic clinical practice [4] with peak incidence usually occurring between 30 and 55 years of age [5]. Lumbar disc herniation can be best defined as localized displacement of disc material beyond the normal margins of the intervertebral disc space leading to pain, weakness, or numbness in a myotomal or dermatomal distribution [6]. Cost of treatment of low back pain due to lumbar disc herniation in United States is estimated to be approximately 31 billion dollars per year [7]. The majority of herniated discs occur in a posterolateral direction, compressing the ipsilateral nerve root as it exits from the dural sac chiefly affecting the L4-L5, L5-S1 nerve roots; it usually presents with low back ache with or without radicular pain [8]. Many studies have demonstrated that lumbar disc herniation, protrusions, and annular tears are present even in asymptomatic individuals and only 50% of patients feel the radicular symptoms [9].
Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with consumption of locally grown strawberries contaminated by deer.

BACKGROUND An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was identified in Oregon through an increase in Shiga toxin-producing E. coli cases with an indistinguishable, novel pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtyping pattern. METHODS We defined confirmed cases as persons from whom E. coli O157:H7 with the outbreak PFGE pattern was cultured during July-August 2011, and presumptive cases as persons having a household relationship with a case testing positive for E. coli O157:H7 and coincident diarrheal illness. We conducted an investigation that included structured hypothesis-generating interviews, a matched case-control study, and environmental and traceback investigations. RESULTS We identified 15 cases. Six cases were hospitalized, including 4 with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Two cases with HUS died. Illness was significantly associated with strawberry consumption from roadside stands or farmers' markets (matched odds ratio, 19.6; 95% confidence interval, 2.9-∞). A single farm was identified as the source of contaminated strawberries. Ten of 111 (9%) initial environmental samples from farm A were positive for E. coli O157:H7. All samples testing positive for E. coli O157:H7 contained deer feces, and 5 tested farm fields had ≥ 1 sample positive with the outbreak PFGE pattern. CONCLUSIONS The investigation identified fresh strawberries as a novel vehicle for E. coli O157:H7 infection, implicated deer feces as the source of contamination, and highlights problems concerning produce contamination by wildlife and regulatory exemptions for locally grown produce. A comprehensive hypothesis-generating questionnaire enabled rapid identification of the implicated product. Good agricultural practices are key barriers to wildlife fecal contamination of produce.
Apakah sastra mampu menurunkan cognitive closure pada narapidana terorisme di Indonesia?

Salah satu faktor penyebab radikalnya seseorang dapat dipengaruhi oleh tingginya need for closure. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa membaca sastra menjadi salah satu strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk program deradikalisasi sebagai upaya menurunkan need for closure. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh sastra dalam menurunkan need for closure. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan small sample experiment desain A-B selama tujuh hari dan empat hari pada dua kelompok yang berbeda. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 4 orang narapidana teroris Lapas 1 Makassar dan 3 orang narapidana Lapas 1 Surabaya. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan terjadinya penurunan need for closure setelah membaca sastra namun tidak signifikan. Kedepannya, butuh waktu yang lebih panjang untuk dapat memperoleh hasil yang signifikan dalam program deradikalisasi.