Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extrasolar planet population synthesis I: Method, formation tracks and mass-distance distribution

With the high number of extrasolar planets discovered by now, it becomes possible to constrain theoretical formation models in a statistical sense. This paper is the first in a series in which we carry out a large number of planet population synthesis calculations. We begin the series with a paper mainly dedicated to the presentation of our approach, but also the discussion of a representative synthetic planetary population of solar like stars. Based as tightly as possible on observational data, we have derived probability distributions for the most important initial conditions for the planetary formation process. We then draw sets of initial conditions from these distributions and obtain the corresponding synthetic planets with our formation model. Although the main purpose of this paper is the description of our methods, we present some key results: We find that the variation of the initial conditions in the limits occurring in nature leads to the formation of planets of large diversity. This formation process is best visualized in planetary formation tracks, where different phases of concurrent growth and migration can be identified. These phases lead to the emergence of sub-populations of planets distinguishable in a mass-semimajor axis diagram. The most important ones are the "failed cores", a vast group of core-dominated low mass planets, the "horizontal branch", a sub-population of Neptune mass planets extending out to 6 AU, and the "main clump", a concentration of giant gaseous giants planets at around 0.3-2 AU.
- 1-Profitability Comparison Study of an Organic Almond Orchard Versus a Conventionally Farmed

This study examined the differences in costs and profitability for established conventional and organic almond orchards in Stanislaus County, California. The study used a partial budgeting approach to compare cost and profitability for established orchards for 2010, and thus ignored transition costs. Data was obtained from UC Davis cost studies for organic almonds, and from the Green Valley Ranch in Keyes, CA for conventional almonds. Adjustments were made to the U.C. Davis costs to account for changes in input use, input costs and grape prices Stanislaus County during the 2010 growing season, and to ensure both orchards in the study reflected a similar management style. The basic costs were found, and the organic costs were slightly higher than the conventional, however with the partial budget change it was deemed " unfeasible " without a price premium for organic. The study found that the profitability of established orchards would be equal with a price premium of 29%. There were many limitations and estimations when doing this study such as secondary information; therefore the price premium may be more or less depending on the orchard.
Repeated Games with Perfect Monitoring

We present a relatively general model of repeated games first, which will be later specialized for each different repeated game with different monitoring structure. Stage game is a standard strategic (normal) form game G = {N,A, g} , where N = {1, 2, . , n} be the set of players, Ai is player i’s finite or compact action set ¡ A = Q i∈N Ai ¢ , and g : A→ <n is the payoff functions of n players, with gi (a) being player i’s payoff. We assume that gi (a) is continuous when Ai is compact. Feasible payoff set is denoted by V = convex full of {g (a) |a ∈ A}. Players play the stage game repeatedly over time. Time is discrete and denoted by t = 1, 2, . Player i observes a signal hi,t ∈ Yi in the end of period t. Player i’s signal is generated by fi : A→ 4Yi every period given the action profile chosen in the period. Player i’s period t history is hi = (hi,1, ., hi,t−1), which is player i’s information accumulated by the end of period t− 1. Let Ht i ¡ = Y t−1 i ¢ be the set of all possible player i’s period t history at period t (H1 i = ∅ is null history in the beginning of the game) andHi = ∪∞t=1Ht i be all possible histories of player i. Player i’s (pure) strategy σi is a mapping from Hi to Ai. I assume that strategies are pure unless noted otherwise. Let Σi be the set of player i’s strategies. Take any strategy profile e σ, which generates a sequence of action profiles ¡ea1,ea2, . ¢ . Then player i0s discounted average payoff from the strategy profile e σ is given by Vi (e σ) = (1− δ)P∞t=1 δt−1gi ¡eat¢ . 1 where δ is a common discount factor. Another way to define average payoffs would be to use a variety of limit of arithmetic
Gender-role orientation in parents: a factor contributing to prenatal coparental interactions in primiparous families

ABSTRACT The coparental relationship is central for the development of the child and the well-being of parents. In Western societies, gender-role stereotypes are strongly associated with domestic and family work. To date, few data are available to assess the links between identification with gender roles and coparenting interactions. In this study, primiparous parents (N = 50) were seen in the laboratory at the fifth month of pregnancy. Parents were asked to play with their baby at the first meeting by using a doll in accordance with the procedure of the prenatal Lausanne Trilogue Play. Parents’ identification with gender roles, marital satisfaction, and the history of the couple were assessed through self-reported questionnaires. Results showed that (a) feminine traits are most represented in mothers and feminine and androgynous traits are most represented in fathers and (b) being feminine in fathers is linked with better prenatal coparental interactions.
Introducing Sequence-Order Constraint into Prediction of Protein Binding Sites with Automatically Extracted Templates

Search for a tertiary substructure that geometrically matches the 3D pattern of the binding site of a well-studied protein provides a solution to predict protein functions. In our previous work, a web server has been built to predict protein-ligand binding sites based on automatically extracted templates. However, a drawback of such templates is that the web server was prone to resulting in many false positive matches. In this study, we present a sequence-order constraint to reduce the false positive matches of using automatically extracted templates to predict protein-ligand binding sites. The binding site predictor comprises i) an automatically constructed template library and ii) a local structure alignment algorithm for querying the library. The sequence-order constraint is employed to identify the inconsistency between the local regions of the query protein and the templates. Experimental results reveal that the sequence-order constraint can largely reduce the false positive matches and is effective for template-based binding site prediction. Keywords—Protein structure, binding site, functional prediction.
Magnetic microrobots with addressable shape control

Shape shifting soft microrobots are generated from self-folding hydrogel bilayer structures. The folding conditions are analyzed to develop an optimal strategy for producing desired three-dimensional shapes. We present two different methods for programming magnetization in these microrobots that are variant and invariant to folding. The microrobots can be navigated through user-defined trajectories using rotating magnetic fields, and the morphing in response to temperature changes can be tuned for adaptive behavior. On-demand modulation of the mobility of individual microrobots is demonstrated by morphing their shape using selective near infrared light (NIR) exposure.
Approximation of fixed points of strongly pseudocontractive mappings in uniformly smooth Banach spaces

for all x ∈ E, where 〈·,·〉 denotes the generalized duality pairing. It is well known that if E is a uniformly smooth Banach space, then J is single valued such that J(−x) = −J(x), J(tx) = tJ(x) for all t ≥ 0, x ∈ E; and J is uniformly continuous on any bounded subset of E. In the sequel we will denote single-valued normalized duality mapping by j. In the following we give some concepts. Let T : D(T)→ E be a mapping with domain D(T) and range R(T). A mapping T is said to be pseudocontractive if for any x, y ∈ D(T) there exists j(x− y) ∈ J(x− y) such that 〈 Tx−Ty, j(x− y)≤ ‖x− y‖2. (1.2)
Aerosols in Astrophysics

Solid phase material exists in low density astrophysical environments, from stellar atmospheres to interstellar clouds, from current times to early phases of the universe. We consider the origin, composition and evolution of solid phase materials in the particular case of stellar outer atmospheres, as representative of many conditions. Also considered are the dynamics and interactions in circumstellar and galactic environments. Finally, new observational prospects for spectroscopy, polarimetry and interferometry are discussed.
Advanced Multi-objective Evolutionary AlgorithmsApplied to two Problems in

The bulk of research in optimization is aimed at single objective problems, where the aim is to nd a solution which maximises or minimises a single quality measure. However, as in nature, many problems in telecommunications are fundamentally multi-objective, particularly where the issues involved are related to quality of service, or cost/reliability tradeoos, or perhaps both. The results of optimization should ideally provide the network designer or service manager with a wide and high-quality spread of potential solutions which are uniformly spread across the Pareto tradeoo frontier. There has been considerable research in multi-objective optimization, but, until recently, the most prominently known multi-objective optimization algorithms have tended to be rather slow, and there has been no universally accepted way to properly compare the performance of diierent methods. In this paper, we describe two evolutionary computation based multi-objective optimization methods which have recently been shown to be both considerably faster than the classical set of such methods, and to outperform existing methods on a wide range of test problems, where performance comparisons are done using a sophisticated technique recently extended and developed by the authors. We focus on two application areas in telecommunications: the adaptive distributed database management problem, and the ooine-routing problem. The new and classical evolutionary multi-objective optimizers are compared on variants of both problems. The speed and quality of these new methods suggest that their adoption in live applications of these and other telecommunications related problems is feasible.
Monitoring of I/O for safety-critical systems using PCI express advanced error reporting

Certification is the process in which a manufacturer has to prove to authorities that an aircraft and systems like safety-critical avionic systems work safely as intended without unacceptable hazards. Means to achieve this are redundancy, separation/protection, monitoring, and recovery mechanisms. The objective of this paper is to provide a cost-efficient solution for monitoring of Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) Input/Output (I/O) devices using COTS components and standards. The first contribution of this paper is an evaluation-proved single-event monitoring concept to permit PCI Express (PCIe) debugging without an expensive PCIe protocol analyzer and to facilitate build-in self-tests for COTS PCIe I/O devices. This is proved with an evaluation. The second contribution is a run-time monitoring concept to monitor, detect, prevent errors and to recover from errors for spatial separation of COTS PCIe I/O devices during operation. Both monitoring types use only available PCIe-compatible COTS components. This makes them portable to various computing architectures (Intel, ARM, PowerPC) and applicable for existing I/O virtualization and I/O sharing solutions. A practical evaluation reveals that the performance overhead (transfer time, transfer rate) inserted by the run-time monitoring is with 0.88% small and insignificant.
Global Value Chains and Internationalization of SMEs

The paper is oriented at improving the understanding of internationalization strategies of firms by applying the global value chain studies at the firm level, in the context of SMEs. An original contribution of our paper is to apply such theoretical approach to the Italian model of economic organization mainly characterized by local manufacturing systems. Our hypothesis is that SMEs select the mechanism of governance for supplier selection and management in their international value chains consistently with their business models and the level of suppliers’ competences. The paper discusses how SMEs develop a mix of mechanisms of governance of their supply chains depending on the firm strategy and the specificities of the countries of destination of SMEs’ outsourcing strategies. By exploiting an original dataset of over 1,000 Italian firms, the paper shows that SMEs manage internationalization processes with different patterns across countries.
Convergence and Consistency Analysis for Extended Kalman Filter Based SLAM

This paper investigates the convergence properties and consistency of extended Kalman filter (EKF) based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms. Proofs of convergence are provided for the nonlinear two-dimensional SLAM problem with point landmarks observed using a range-and-bearing sensor. It is shown that the robot orientation uncertainty at the instant when landmarks are first observed has a significant effect on the limit and/or the lower bound of the uncertainties of the landmark position estimates. This paper also provides some insights to the inconsistencies of EKF based SLAM that have been recently observed. The fundamental cause of EKF SLAM inconsistency for two basic scenarios are clearly stated and associated theoretical proofs are provided.
Functions of Gichuka Discourse Markers in Gichuka Speech

Discourse markers are linguistic items that are frequently used in the course of daily communication. These are not only connecting words that contribute to cohesion of discourse but are also crucial tools for achieving intended commu-nicative purposes in the course of discourse. Studies have been carried out on discourse markers as used in other languages of the world but since every lin-guistic variety is unique and culture dependent, it is not obvious that these lin-guistic items are similar in all languages. This paper’s goal is to discuss the functions of discourse markers Gichuka speeches. The study is guided by the Relevance Theory by Sperber and Wilson. It utilizes qualitative research tech-nique and was carried out in Chuka, Meru South Sub County, Tharaka-Nithi County, Kenya. The population for this study includes all discourse markers captured in social events conducted in Gichuka. The researcher purposively sampled five real life events conducted in Gichuka. Data was collected using an observation schedule that was used to record the contextual information, and a guiding card was used to record the functions of discourse markers. The transcribed discourse markers are ninety-two. Guided by the principles of relevance the researcher identified and discussed the functions of all the discourse markers identified, taking into account the speakers meaning conveyed by the Gichuka discourse markers from various speech situations. The study established that most Gichuka discourse markers are used either to achieve conversational coherence in speech or to seek the attention of the audience. The study enhances the analysis of Gichuka discourse markers and adds to the existing knowledge on the analysis of discourse markers in various languages. It specifically enriches knowledge on the application of the tenets of the Relevance Theory. The study also contributes to scholarly literature in linguistics; especially in pragmatics.
Methods for Person-Centered Continuous Pain Intensity Assessment From Bio-Physiological Channels

In this work, we present methods for the personalization of a system for the continuous estimation of pain intensity from bio-physiological channels. We investigate various ways to estimate the similarity of persons and to retrieve the most informative ones using meta-information, personality traits, and machine learning techniques. Given this information, specialized classifiers can be created that are both, more efficient in terms of complexity and training times and also more accurate than classifiers trained on the complete data. To capture the most information in the different bio-physiological channels, we cover a broad spectrum of different feature extraction algorithms. Furthermore, we show that the system is capable of running in real-time and discuss issues that arise when dealing with incremental data processing. In extensive experiments we verify the validity of our approach.
The systems development or engineering approach to research in information systems: an action research perspective

This paper is concerned with a type of information systems research that is comparatively poorly understood – the "systems development" (SD) or "engineering" approach. SD is seen as a natural intermediate step linking basic and applied research and as a form of action research. It is argued that we can learn from the view of SD research as action research and thus develop useful criteria for the conduct and evaluation of SD research. An illustration is given of the application of these criteria to an example of SD research in information systems. This illustration demonstrates the importance of recognizing the SD approach and relevant criteria for guiding and evaluating the validity and worth of such work.
Gaussian-Poisson mixture model for anomaly detection of crowd behaviour

This paper presents a Gaussian-Poisson mixture model (GPMM) which can reflect a frequency of event occurrence, for detecting anomaly of crowd behaviours. GPMM exploits the complementary information of both a statistics of crowd behaviour patterns and a count of the observed behaviour, and we learn the statistics of normal crowd behaviours for behaviours that occur frequently in the past by placing different weights, depending on the frequency occur. GPMM implicitly accounts for the motion patterns and the count of occurrence. The dense optical flow and an interactive force are used to represent a scene. We demonstrate the proposed method on a publicly available dataset, and the experimental results show that the proposed method could achieves competitive performances with respect to state-of-the-art approaches.
Quantification of Golgi Complex Assembly and Disassembly inLiveCell Fluorescence Microscopy Images

We present an image analysis approach for quantifying assembly and disassembly of the Golgi complex in fluorescence microscopy images of live cells. The approach comprises nucleus detection, nucleus tracking, and quantification of Golgi complex localization patterns for single cell nuclei over time. In particular, we define and compare five different measures for quantifying changes in compact and diffuse phenotypes. We propose two measures based on mathematical morphology which take into account shape, size, and contrast of image structures. From the experimental results it turned out that these measures have a higher discrimination power to distinguish compact and diffuse phenotypes than a previous frequently used measure.
Bots, #StrongerIn, and #Brexit: Computational Propaganda during the UK-EU Referendum

Bots are social media accounts that automate interaction with other users, and they are active on the StrongerIn-Brexit conversation happening over Twitter. These automated scripts generate content through these platforms and then interact with people. Political bots are automated accounts that are particularly active on public policy issues, elections, and political crises. In this preliminary study on the use of political bots during the UK referendum on EU membership, we analyze the tweeting patterns for both human users and bots. We find that political bots have a small but strategic role in the referendum conversations: (1) the family of hashtags associated with the argument for leaving the EU dominates, (2) different perspectives on the issue utilize different levels of automation, and (3) less than 1 percent of sampled accounts generate almost a third of all the messages.
RFID tags - Grouping proof with forward security

Several grouping proof protocols have been proposed over the years but they are either found to be vulnerable to certain attacks or do not comply with EPC Class-1 Gen-2 (C1G2) standard because they use hash functions or other complex encryption schemes. Among other requirements, synchronization of keys, forward security, dependence, detecting illegitimate tags, eliminating unwanted tag processing and denial-of-proof (DoP) attacks have not been fully addressed by many. Our protocol addresses these important gaps and is based on simple XOR encryption and 128-bit Pseudo Random Number Generators (PRNG), operations that are easily implemented on low-cost passive tags and hence achieves EPC C1G2 compliance.
Collective Efficacy Belief, Within-Group Agreement, and Performance Quality Among Instrumental Chamber Ensembles

We examined collective efficacy beliefs, including levels of within-group agreement and correlation with performance quality, of instrumental chamber ensembles (70 musicians, representing 18 ensembles). Participants were drawn from collegiate programs and intensive summer music festivals located in the northwestern and western regions of the United States. Individuals completed a five-item survey gauging confidence in their group’s performance abilities; each ensemble’s aggregated results represented its collective efficacy score. Ensembles provided a video-recorded performance excerpt that was rated by a panel of four string specialists. Analyses revealed moderately strong levels of collective efficacy belief and uniformly high within-group agreement. There was a significant, moderately strong correlation between collective efficacy belief and within-group agreement (rs = .67, p < .01). We found no relationship between collective efficacy belief and performance quality across the total sample, but those factors correlated significantly for festival-based ensembles (rs = .82, p < .05). Reliability estimates suggest that our collective efficacy survey may be suitable for use with string chamber ensembles. Correlational findings provide partial support for the theorized link between efficacy belief and performance quality in chamber music settings, suggesting the importance for music educators to ensure that positive efficacy beliefs become well founded through quality instruction.
Subcarrier and power allocation for OFDMA-based regenerative multi-hop links

Mesh network, with its many advantages, is one of the most promising topologies in the future distributed wireless network. The system performance can be unproved by optimally allocating the overall power and bandwidth to the transmitter and the relays. This paper focuses on the subcarrier and power allocation in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) based regenerative mesh network. Three sub-optimal allocation strategies are presented in this paper to maximize the end-to-end capacity in multi-hop link. The first one, "reference strategy (RS)", is a discrete version of the algorithm proposed in M. Dohler (2004). Another strategy named "uniform power strategy (UPS)" allocates uniform power to each hop while optimally assigns the number of subcarriers. In the last strategy, "uniform ratio strategy (URS)", each hop is identical in terms of power-to-subcarrier ratio. Numerical simulation demonstrates that URS and RS perform better than UPS in asymmetric case, where the average channel gain of each hop is different. With the increase of subcarrier number, end-to-end capacity of URS becomes larger than that of RS. However, in symmetric case, the UPS outperforms URS and the RS at small subcarrier number.