Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The iPhone Effect

This study examined the relationship between the presence of mobile devices and the quality of real-life in-person social interactions. In a naturalistic field experiment, 100 dyads were randomly assigned to discuss either a casual or meaningful topic together. A trained research assistant observed the participants unobtrusively from a distance during the course of a 10-min conversation noting whether either participant placed a mobile device on the table or held it in his or her hand. Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling, it was found that conversations in the absence of mobile communication technologies were rated as significantly superior compared with those in the presence of a mobile device, above and beyond the effects of age, gender, ethnicity, and mood. People who had conversations in the absence of mobile devices reported higher levels of empathetic concern. Participants conversing in the presence of a mobile device who also had a close relationship with each other reported lower levels of empathy compared with dyads who were less friendly with each other. Implications for the nature of social life in ubiquitous computing environments are discussed.
Shooting for Accuracy

Although researchers have questioned their coverage and accuracy, the media routinely are used as sources of data on mass murder in the United States. Databases compiled from media sources such as newspaper and network news programs include the New York Police Department’s Active Shooters file, the Brady Campaign Mass Casualty Shootings data set, and the Mother Jones database. Conversely, official crime data have been underutilized by researchers who study mass murder (for exceptions, see Duwe, 2007; Fox & Levin, 1998). In this study, we compare similarities and differences for mass murder cases in the United States as portrayed by selected mass media sources. Then, we turn our focus to a comparison of the Uniform Crime Reports’ (UCR) Supplementary Homicide Report (SHR) and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). Our primary focus is on mass murders involving four or more fatalities—not including the perpetrator—that have occurred between 2001 and 2010. Implications for enhancing the comprehensiveness and quality of mass murder data with the goal of increasing their usefulness for guiding prevention and risk mitigation efforts also are discussed.
Evolutionary Dynamics of Cryptophyte Plastid Genomes

Abstract Cryptophytes are an ecologically important group of largely photosynthetic unicellular eukaryotes. This lineage is of great interest to evolutionary biologists because their plastids are of red algal secondary endosymbiotic origin and the host cell retains four different genomes (host nuclear, mitochondrial, plastid, and red algal nucleomorph). Here, we report a comparative analysis of plastid genomes from six representative cryptophyte genera. Four newly sequenced cryptophyte plastid genomes of Chroomonas mesostigmatica, Ch. placoidea, Cryptomonas curvata, and Storeatula sp. CCMP1868 share a number of features including synteny and gene content with the previously sequenced genomes of Cryptomonas paramecium, Rhodomonas salina, Teleaulax amphioxeia, and Guillardia theta. Our analysis of these plastid genomes reveals examples of gene loss and intron insertion. In particular, the chlB/chlL/chlN genes, which encode light-independent (dark active) protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (LIPOR) proteins have undergone recent gene loss and pseudogenization in cryptophytes. Comparison of phylogenetic trees based on plastid and nuclear genome data sets show the introduction, via secondary endosymbiosis, of a red algal derived plastid in a lineage of chlorophyll-c containing algae. This event was followed by additional rounds of eukaryotic endosymbioses that spread the red lineage plastid to diverse groups such as haptophytes and stramenopiles.
Optimized Memory Assignment for DSPs

To increase memory bandwidth, many programmable Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) employ two on-chip data memories. This architectural feature supports higher memory bandwidth by allowing multiple data memory accesses to occur in parallel. Exploiting dual memory banks, however, is a challenging problem for compilers. This, in part, is due to the instruction-level parallelism, small numbers of registers, and highly specialized register capabilities of most DSPs. In this paper, we present a new methodology based on a genetic algorithm for assigning data to dual-bank memories. Our approach is global, and integrates several important issues in memory assignment within a single model. Special effort is made to identify those data objects that could potentially benefit from an assignment to a specific memory, or perhaps duplication in both memories. Our computational results show that the GA is able to achieve a 54% reduction in the number of memory cycles and a reduction in the range of 7% to 42% in the total number of cycles when tested with well-known DSP kernels and applications.
Sonographic Evaluation of the Acromiohumeral Distance in Elite and Recreational Female Overhead Athletes

Objective:To compare the acromiohumeral distance (AHD) and the change of this distance during abduction between the dominant and nondominant shoulders of female overhead athletes and to compare AHD between elite and recreational female athletes. Design:Case–control study. Setting:Laboratory, institutional. Independent Variables:“Side” (dominant and nondominant), “group” (elite and recreational athletes), and “degree of abduction” (0, 45, and 60 degrees). Participants:Sixty-two female overhead athletes participated in this study: 29 elite handball players and 33 recreational overhead athletes of different sports disciplines (volleyball, water polo, squash, and badminton). Main Outcome Measures:Acromiohumeral distance was measured at 3 positions of abduction using ultrasound: at 0, 45, and 60 degrees of abduction. Results:Acromiohumeral distance measurements showed good test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients between 0.88 and 0.92). In all overhead athletes, the AHD was significantly larger on the dominant side compared with the nondominant side, at all positions of abduction (mean difference = 0.94 ± 0.18 mm). Significant reduction of the AHD during abduction occurred relative to the initial size at 0 degree of abduction, at both sides. When comparing elite and recreational athletes, the AHD was significantly larger in elite athletes (mean difference = 0.92 ± 0.47 mm). Moreover, significantly less reduction occurred during the first degrees of abduction (0-45 degrees) in elite athletes (9.37% ± 2.17% reduction) compared with the recreational athletes (17.68% ± 2.03% reduction). Conclusions:The AHD is larger on the dominant side compared with the nondominant side and in elite female athletes compared with recreational female athletes. Moreover, less reduction of the AHD occurs in the elite athlete group during the first 45 degrees of abduction.
Parallel Identification: A Shield Against the Assault of Traumatic Jealousy

This paper draws a connection between the clinical emergence of a primitive form of identification, termed parallel identification, and a temporary stasis in the transference. Parallel identification is defined as a manic defence that blocks the acute suffering brought on by consciously experienced jealousy arising from the loss of a beloved yet sadistic object. It occurs as follows: the identifying subject merges with his object of desire through compulsive imitation. This merger holds the subject in a developmental cocoon of non-being that negates his perception of any rivals for the object's love. Parallel identification, illustrated in two case examples, inhibits conscious jealousy, subsequently blocking the subject's capacity to evolve through empathy and fantasy. For theoretical context I introduce a framework that classifies established forms of identification dually, as either penetrating or nonpenetrating, with parallel identification offered as one example of the latter. Nonpenetrating identifications are merger fantasies that occur one-sidedly, within the subject only, protecting the subject from the trials of forging a more fully elaborated, three-dimensional internal world based upon spontaneous relatedness and empathy with another. Penetrating identifications occur bilaterally, impacting both self and other, allowing for an internal world of empathy and fantasy to be co-created within a two-person relationship. The paper asserts that nonpenetrating identification, though serving a protective purpose, may temporarily serve to blunt the power the therapist normally finds through internally tracking projective/introjective processes. In the first case example, the discovery and articulation of parallel identification brought a new sense of dynamism to a stalemate in the transference, while in the second case, the stasis-inducing presence of undetected parallel identification temporarily dulled the sharp edge of projective identification within an erotic transference. In both cases, parallel identification was a defensive response to unbearable jealousy that, until made conscious, inhibited relatedness in subtle but extreme ways within each treatment.
Multiple engagement of self in the development of talent in professional dancers

The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the methods that professional dancers use to engage fully into their work as artists. Participants (N=15) were professional dancers from five European nationalities, (7 females; 8 males), currently performing for three major Scotland‐based dance companies, including two professional free‐lance dancers (M age= 25.6 years). Grounded theory methodology (Strauss & Corbin, 1998) was used to derive a core construct labelled Multiple Engagement of Self. The results are compared to existing research in dance and performance development literature and incorporated into a three‐component ecological model of expertise development, namely Deliberate Practice, Deliberate Experience and Transfer of Skills. A shift from models of assessment to models of development in consideration of talent and expertise is suggested for dancers, educators, and choreographers alike.
Proteins in the Nutrient-Sensing and DNA Damage Checkpoint Pathways Cooperate to Restrain Mitotic Progression following DNA Damage

Checkpoint pathways regulate genomic integrity in part by blocking anaphase until all chromosomes have been completely replicated, repaired, and correctly aligned on the spindle. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DNA damage and mono-oriented or unattached kinetochores trigger checkpoint pathways that bifurcate to regulate both the metaphase to anaphase transition and mitotic exit. The sensor-associated kinase, Mec1, phosphorylates two downstream kinases, Chk1 and Rad53. Activation of Chk1 and Rad53 prevents anaphase and causes inhibition of the mitotic exit network. We have previously shown that the PKA pathway plays a role in blocking securin and Clb2 destruction following DNA damage. Here we show that the Mec1 DNA damage checkpoint regulates phosphorylation of the regulatory (R) subunit of PKA following DNA damage and that the phosphorylated R subunit has a role in restraining mitosis following DNA damage. In addition we found that proteins known to regulate PKA in response to nutrients and stress either by phosphorylation of the R subunit or regulating levels of cAMP are required for the role of PKA in the DNA damage checkpoint. Our data indicate that there is cross-talk between the DNA damage checkpoint and the proteins that integrate nutrient and stress signals to regulate PKA.
Written Parental Consent and the Use of Incentives in a Youth Smoking Prevention Trial: A Case Study From Project SPLASH

More Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) are requiring written parental consent in school health intervention trials. Because this requirement presents a formidable challenge in conducting large-scale research, it is vital for investigators to share effective strategies learned from completed trials. Investigators for the recently completed Project SPLASH (n = 3,716) smoking prevention trial, conducted in 20 Hawaii middle schools, were required to obtain active parental consent for three surveys across 2 years. This case study describes the consent procedures and incentives used in the trial, and their effectiveness. The overall parental response rate was 85.4%. The highest response rate (89.5%) came from the 7th grade baseline survey, where project staff distributed consent materials and provided class-based incentives. In addition, nearly all students (99.0%) with parental permission assented to participate in the three surveys. The experiences in this study lead to several recommendations for future research, including the importance of assuring adequate funds for recruitment and retention in research grants.
Hardware-Accelerated Dynamic Light Field Rendering

We present a system capable of interactively displaying a dynamic scene from novel viewpoints by warping and blending images recorded from multiple synchronized video cameras. It is tuned for streamed data and achieves 20 frames per second on modern consumer-class hardware when rendering a 3D movie from an arbitrary eye point within the convex hull of the recording camera’s positions. The quality of the prediction largely depends on the accuracy of the disparity maps which are reconstructed off-line and provided together with the images. We generalize known algorithms for estimating disparities between two images to the case of multiple image streams, aiming at a minimization of warping artifacts and utilization of temporal coherence.
Further Genetical Studies of APLOCHEILUS LATIPES.

TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION. 1 Crossing over between X and Y chromosomes. 2 Non-disjunctional males. 4 Secondary non-disjunctional males. 12 New mutants, “fused” and “wavy”. 14 SUMMARY. 16 LITERATURECITED . 16
Genome-Wide Association Study for Type 2 Diabetes in Indians Identifies a New Susceptibility Locus at 2q21

Indians undergoing socioeconomic and lifestyle transitions will be maximally affected by epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of T2D in 12,535 Indians, a less explored but high-risk group. We identified a new type 2 diabetes–associated locus at 2q21, with the lead signal being rs6723108 (odds ratio 1.31; P = 3.32 × 10−9). Imputation analysis refined the signal to rs998451 (odds ratio 1.56; P = 6.3 × 10−12) within TMEM163 that encodes a probable vesicular transporter in nerve terminals. TMEM163 variants also showed association with decreased fasting plasma insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, indicating a plausible effect through impaired insulin secretion. The 2q21 region also harbors RAB3GAP1 and ACMSD; those are involved in neurologic disorders. Forty-nine of 56 previously reported signals showed consistency in direction with similar effect sizes in Indians and previous studies, and 25 of them were also associated (P < 0.05). Known loci and the newly identified 2q21 locus altogether explained 7.65% variance in the risk of T2D in Indians. Our study suggests that common susceptibility variants for T2D are largely the same across populations, but also reveals a population-specific locus and provides further insights into genetic architecture and etiology of T2D.
Language Instruction for Deaf Children: An Introduction to Selected Papers

T his issue of Exceptional Children is devoted primarily to the education problems of one type of child, the deaf. Such a venture for a journal concerned with all exceptionalities is not unusual today but certainly would have been when special educators planned a child's program in terms of his major need, thereby more or lessneglecting all others. The impracticability of so limited an approach gradually became obvious because the children of no given exceptionality constitute a homogeneous population. As a result, we now reach across the lines of special education more than formerly to study the various types of child problems and the solutions for them. There was a reason why the six accompanying articles of thisissueneeded to be written and why they complement one another. As already implied, deaf children possess many of the normalcies,strengths, and weaknessesof other children. As a result, their problems cannot be considered solely in terms of auditory deprivation. Thus Mulholland in her article deals with a great range of individual differences and their impaceon the deaf child's language learning. But individual differences impose their impact on the learning opportunities of all children. As a
Time and Location-Critical Emergency Message Dissemination for Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

One promise of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) is to considerably increase road safety and travel comfort by enabling inter-vehicle communications. Among a vast array of potential applications, emergency message (EM) dissemination has attracted a lot of attention in the literature. In this paper, we propose a time/location-critical (TLC) framework for EM dissemination and use our scalable modulation and coding (SMC) scheme to achieve the goal. In specific, vehicles near the accident site (or the point-of-interest location) receive guaranteed, detailed messages to take proper reaction immediately (e.g., slow down or change lanes), and vehicles further away have a high probability to be informed and make location-aware decisions accordingly (e.g., detour or reroute), with the assistance of reverse traffic when possible and necessary. The efficacy of the proposed framework is analyzed and validated by extensive numerical and simulation results. The TLC framework and the use of the SMC scheme are shown to be able to disseminate EMs effectively and efficiently by taking both the time and location criticality into account, while simplifying the design of radio transceivers and media access control protocols for VANET.
Study of the attentive behavior of novice and expert map users using eye tracking

The aim of this paper is to gain better understanding of the way map users read and interpret the visual stimuli presented to them and how this can be influenced. In particular, the difference between expert and novice map users is considered. In a user study, the participants studied four screen maps which had been manipulated to introduce deviations. The eye movements of 24 expert and novice participants were tracked, recorded, and analyzed (both visually and statistically) based on a grid of Areas of Interest. These visual analyses are essential for studying the spatial dimension of maps to identify problems in design. In this research, we used visualization of eye movement metrics (fixation count and duration) in a 2D and 3D grid and a statistical comparison of the grid cells. The results show that the users’ eye movements clearly reflect the main elements on the map. The users’ attentive behavior is influenced by deviating colors, as their attention is drawn to it. This could also influence the users’ interpretation process. Both user groups encountered difficulties when trying to interpret and store map objects that were mirrored. Insights into how different types of map users read and interpret map content are essential in this fast-evolving era of digital cartographic products.
Spekulationen zur Strukturideo-motorischer Beziehungen

Zusammenfassung. Nach der ideo-motorischen Hypothese werden Aktionen mit ihren kontingenten sensorischen Effekten bidirektional verbunden, so dass eine Antizipation der Effekte direkt die Aktionen aktiviert, die erfahrungsgemas das Antizipierte hervorbringen. Wir diskutieren (1) die Rolle von exterozeptiven und propriozeptiven Effekten, (2) die Situationsabhangigkeit von Aktions-Effekt Beziehungen, (3) die Notwendigkeit abstrakter effektorunspezifischer Aktionsreprasentationen und schlieslich (4) die Verwertung von sensorischen Ruckmeldungen bei der Kontrolle der Aktionsausfuhrung. Unsere Diskussion fuhrt zu einer hypothetischen Struktur ideo-motorischer Beziehungen, in der die “Idee” (das antizipierte Ziel) die “Motorik” (die Korperbewegung) uber eine Kaskade von inversen Modellen determiniert.
Restricted permutations and Chebyshev polynomials.

We study generating functions for the number of permutations in S n subject to two restrictions. One of the restrictions belongs to S 3 , while the other belongs to S k . It turns out that in a large variety of cases the answer can be expressed via Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind.
Agents for Market-Based Computational-Resource Allocation

Distributed computing is a well-known approach to perform computationally intensive tasks. A problem inherent to this approach is the allocation of tasks to machines. This problem can be successfully addressed with a market mechanism. The article resents a comparison between two market mechanisms for an agent-based trading platform for computational resources. The platform consists of the following agents: (A) management agents (the directory facilitator, the controller agent, the account agent, and the bank agent), (B) client agents, and (C) one mediator agent. The market mechanisms used were an unmediated one, Contract Net, and a mediated one, the sealed bid, periodic, uniform-price, double auction. Experiments showed that overhead and gain were quite similar for the two market mechanisms. Regarding scalability – a highly important factor for large distributed projects – the auction scored clearly better than Contract Net.
Erbium-doped transparent glass ceramic optical fibres: Characterization using mass spectroscopy and molecular dynamics modeling

Rare earth (RE) doped silica-based optical fibres with transparent glass ceramic (TGC) core were fabricated through the well-known modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) process without going through the commonly used stage of post-ceramming. The main characteristics of the RE-doped dielectric nanoparticles (DNP), their density and mean diameter in the fibres are dictated by various parameters. This paper reports on progresses in the fine characterization of the nanoparticles, particularly their dimensions and composition, using nanoscale mass spectroscopy and molecular dynamics modeling, and alteration of the spectroscopic properties of the erbium ions embedded within the phospho-silicate DNP. These results permit to get more insight into the complex process of the DNP self-nucleation and growth during the fibre fabrication process. This fabrication route could have important potentials in improving rare-earth-doped fibre amplifiers and laser sources.