Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Hybrid of Genetic Algorithms and K-Prototypes Clustering Approach for Classification

This study proposes a novel classification technique of GA/k-prototypes in combination with a genetic algorithm to take the advantage of k-prototypes clustering mechanism for supporting the classification purpose. A genetic algorithm is used to adjust the weight applied to input attributes in order to enable a majority of the data records in each cluster to be with the same outcome class. We conduct three experiments with the GA/k-prototypes classification algorithm using UCI repository data sets. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can achieve superior classification performance than other commonly used data mining approaches.
Voltage- and cold-dependent gating of single TRPM8 ion channels

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels play critical roles in cell signaling by coupling various environmental factors to changes in membrane potential that modulate calcium influx. TRP channels are typically activated in a polymodal manner, thus integrating multiple stimuli. Although much progress has been made, the underlying mechanisms of TRP channel activation are largely unknown. The TRPM8 cation channel has been extensively investigated as a major neuronal cold sensor but is also activated by voltage, calcium store depletion, and some lipids as well as by compounds that produce cooling sensations, such as menthol or icilin. Several models of TRPM8 activation have been proposed to explain the interaction between these diverse stimuli. However, a kinetic scheme is not yet available that can describe the detailed single-channel kinetics to gain further insight into the underlying gating mechanism. To work toward this goal, we investigated voltage-dependent single-channel gating in cell-attached patches at two different temperatures (20 and 30°C) using HEK293 cells stably expressing TRPM8. Both membrane depolarization and cooling increased channel open probability (Po) mainly by decreasing the duration of closed intervals, with a smaller increase in the duration of open intervals. Maximum likelihood analysis of dwell times at both temperatures indicated gating in a minimum of five closed and two open states, and global fitting over a wide range of voltages identified a seven-state model that described the voltage dependence of Po, the single-channel kinetics, and the response of whole-cell currents to voltage ramps and steps. The major action of depolarization and cooling was to accelerate forward transitions between the same two sets of adjacent closed states. The seven-state model provides a general mechanism to account for TRPM8 activation by membrane depolarization at two temperatures and can serve as a starting point for further investigations of multimodal TRP activation.
A LOG-MMSE ADAPTIVE BEAMFORMER USING A NONLINEAR SPATIAL FILTER

In this paper, we present a new adaptive microphone array processing algorithm for hands-free sound capture. Most traditional adaptive beamforming techniques operate solely on the basis of the direction of arrival of the desired source and are blind to any knowledge about the signal itself. In contrast, the proposed algorithm uses a nonlinear spatial filter to generate an estimate of the magnitude of the source signal. This estimate is then used to drive the adaptation of a linear beamformer according to a log-MMSE criterion. By combining a nonlinear spatial filter with an adaptive beamformer in this manner, we are able to exploit the high SNR output from the nonlinear spatial filter to drive a linear beamformer that does not suffer from distortions or artifacts. A series of experiments demonstrate that the proposed method generates improvements in PESQ and SNR over conventional methods.
Auxiliary Signal Design for Failure Detection

University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher, except for reading and browsing via the World Wide Web. Users are not permitted to mount this file on any network servers. In this book, we study the problem of active failure detection in dynamical systems. Failure detection in some form is now part of essentially every complex device or process. In some applications the detection of failures, such as water losses in nuclear reactors or engine problems on an aircraft, is important for safety purposes. The detection of failure leads to emergency actions by operators or computers and results in a quick and controlled shutdown of the system. In other situations, such as on space missions, the detection of failures results in the use of backup or alternative systems. These are the more dramatic examples and are often what one first thinks of when hearing of a failure. But in today's society failure detection also plays a fundamental role in managing costs, promoting efficiency, and protecting the environment. It is often much more economical to repair a part during a scheduled maintenance than to have a breakdown in the field. For example, failure may mean that a part or subsystem is not performing to specification, resulting in increased fuel consumption. Detecting this failure means that a scheduled repair can be made with savings of both resources and money. Failure can also mean that a part or subsystem is not performing as expected and that if allowed to continue the result could be a catastrophic failure. But again detection of this type of failure means that repairs can be initiated in an economical and convenient manner. It is much easier to repair a weakened pump than to have to clean up a major sewage spill. A number of specific examples from applications are in the cited literature. In chapters 2 and 3 we shall use a couple of intuitive examples to motivate some of the ideas that follow. Simpler academic examples will be used to illustrate most of the key ideas and algorithms. Then in the later chapters we shall include some more detailed examples from application areas. Because of the fundamental role that failure detection plays, it has been the subject of …
Validation of Interprocedural Optimizations

Translation validation is an approach of ensuring compilation correctness in which each compiler run is followed by a validation pass that proves that the target code produced by the compiler is a correct translation of the source code. We present a framework for translation validation of compiler optimization run that targets reactive procedural programs. Our algorithm is automatic, requires minor compiler cooperation, and accommodates most classical interprocedural optimizations such as global constant propagation, inlining, tail-recursion elimination, interprocedural dead code elimination, dead argument elimination, and cloning.
Physical Activity in Former Competitive Athletes: The Physical and Psychological Impact of Musculoskeletal Injury

ABSTRACT Although competitive athletes exceed recommendations for physical activity while they are competing in sport, this does not necessarily translate into regular physical activity after retirement from sport. Research suggested the nature of competitive sport participation may not be conducive to lifelong physical activity. We propose one element of competitive sport participation that may impede physical activity post-retirement is injury. We propose that Vela and Denegar’s model of transient disablement in the physically active with musculoskeletal injuries (DPA) may be appropriate to examine the long-term consequences of sport-related injury—particularly with respect to physical activity disablement. Based on our review of literature, we propose the physical and psychological effects of injuries in sports present unique long-term barriers to physical activity in former competitive athletes. Future research could use the DPA as a foundation for assessing the long-term implications of sport-related injuries—particularly with respect to physical activity.
Kernel-ARMA for Hand Tracking and Brain-Machine interfacing During 3D Motor Control

Using machine learning algorithms to decode intended behavior from neural activity serves a dual purpose. First, these tools allow patients to interact with their environment through a Brain-Machine Interface (BMI). Second, analyzing the characteristics of such methods can reveal the relative significance of various features of neural activity, task stimuli, and behavior. In this study we adapted, implemented and tested a machine learning method called Kernel Auto-Regressive Moving Average (KARMA), for the task of inferring movements from neural activity in primary motor cortex. Our version of this algorithm is used in an online learning setting and is updated after a sequence of inferred movements is completed. We first used it to track real hand movements executed by a monkey in a standard 3D reaching task. We then applied it in a closed-loop BMI setting to infer intended movement, while the monkey's arms were comfortably restrained, thus performing the task using the BMI alone. KARMA is a recurrent method that learns a nonlinear model of output dynamics. It uses similarity functions (termed kernels) to compare between inputs. These kernels can be structured to incorporate domain knowledge into the method. We compare KARMA to various state-of-the-art methods by evaluating tracking performance and present results from the KARMA based BMI experiments.
Local Search Topology in Planning Benchmarks: An Empirical Analysis

Many state-of-the-art heuristic planners derive their heuristic function by relaxing the planning task at hand, where the relaxation is to assume that all delete lists are empty. Looking at a collection of planning benchmarks, we measure topological properties of state spaces with respect to that relaxation. The results suggest that, given the heuristic based on the relaxation, many planning benchmarks are simple in structure. This sheds light on the recent success of heuristic planners employing local search.
The nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of polypropylene

A series of tensile relaxation tests is performed on isotactic polypropylene in the sub-yield and post-yield regions at room temperature. Constitutive equations are derived for the time-dependent response of a semicrystalline polymer at isothermal loading with small strains. Adjustable parameters in the stress-strain relations are found by fitting experimental data. It is demonstrated that the growth of the longitudinal strain results in an increase in the relaxation rate in a small interval of strains in the sub-yield domain. When the strain exceeds some critical value which is substantially less than the apparent yield strain, the relaxation process becomes strain-independent.
THE ROLE OF SMALL FIRMS AS JOB PROVIDERS IN THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SECTOR: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS*

This paper analyses the role of small firms in the evolution of the information technology sector in Finland. This sector consists of relevant manufacturing and telecommunications industries as well as relevant wholesale and service industries. The investigation period extends from 1993 to 1997. We find that, as a whole, large firms create more jobs than do smaller firms. In contrast, our regression analysis suggests that, after controlling for observed and unobserved covariates, the growth rate of employment for individual small firms is higher than that for large ones. We thus conclude that while large firms create more jobs on aggregate, the associate effect of size on the growth rate of individual firms is negative, providing that other growth factors are controlled for. kasvavat nopeammin kuin suuremmat.
Modeling of Chemical Plant's Rectifying Towers Using Artificial Neural Networks

An artificial neural network based modeling method of a chemical plant's rectifying towers is presented in this paper. There are many approaches on chemical plant modeling. Some of them use neural networks to model some part of chemical plants or processes. This paper also tries to model a component of chemical plants. Standard multilayer perceptron (MLP) and back-propagation (BP) learning algorithm are used in this study. Using actual data obtained from real operation of rectifying towers MLP is trained at first and then tested for real data not used for training. Experimental results for two O2 production increase cases, 3000nm3/h and 5000nm3/h, NN based modeling shows that the model mimics well actual rectifying towers. In the experiments, 22 inputs are selected as inputs and 5 outputs are selected as outs to model rectifying towers.
Dissipative solitons and Complex currents in Active Lattices

We first summarize features of free, forced and stochastic harmonic oscillations and, following an idea first proposed by Lord Rayleigh in 1883, we discuss the possibility of maintaining them in the presence of dissipation. We describe how phonons appear in a harmonic (linear) lattice and then use the Toda exponential interaction to illustrate solitonic excitations (cnoidal waves) in a one-dimensional nonlinear lattice. We discuss properties such as specific heat (at constant length/volume) and the dynamic structure factor, both over a broad range of temperature values. By considering the interacting Toda particles to be Brownian units capable of pumping energy from a surrounding heat bath taken as a reservoir we show that solitons can be excited and sustained in the presence of dissipation. Thus the original Toda lattice is converted into an active lattice using Lord Rayleigh's method. Finally, by endowing the Toda–Brownian particles with electric charge (i.e. making them positive ions) and adding free electrons to the system we study the electric currents that arise. We show that, following instability of the base linear Ohm(Drude) conduction state, the active electric Toda lattice is able to maintain a form of high-T supercurrent, whose characteristics we then discuss.
Dealing with ( un ) structuredness in XML Data and Queries Using Relational Databases

An XML database can contain documents with varying degrees of schema information. The queries can also range from fully specified structured SQL like queries to partially specified regular path expression queries. Relational databases are widely used to store and query XML data and various schemes have been proposed to this end. They either use DTDs or assume schemaless data. We show how more advanced schema information (like XMLSchema), even if partially available, can be used effectively to answer queries. We also show how the interaction between the amount of schema information available and the query workload plays an important role in choosing a decomposition strategy into relational tables, suited to that workload. We propose a simple cost metric for this purpose. Our experiments indicate that this metric can provide a reasonable choice among the different alternatives. We also show that using the schema at query time, irrespective of the decomposition strategy, can benefit considerably in improving query response times.
Multiwavelength Variability of the Synchrotron Self-Compton Model for Blazar Emission

Motivated by recent reports of strongly correlated radio and X-ray variability in 3C 279 (Grandi et al.), we have computed the relative amplitudes of variations in the synchrotron flux at ν and the self-Compton X-ray flux at 1 keV [R(ν)] for a homogeneous sphere of relativistic electrons orbiting in a tangled magnetic field. We consider three cases: the Thomson depth of the sphere (τT) varying at fixed magnetic field strength (B), B varying at fixed τT, and equal fractional changes in τT and B. Relative to synchrotron self-Compton scattering without induced Compton scattering, stimulated scattering reduces the amplitude of R(ν) by as much as an order of magnitude when τT ≳ 1. When τT varies in a fixed magnetic field, Rτ increases monotonically from 0.01 at ν0, the self-absorption turnover frequency, to 0.5 at 100ν0. Variations in B reduce R at all ν, up to a factor of 2 if τT is constant, and introduce local extrema in R. The relative amplitudes of the correlated fluctuations in the radio-millimeter and X-ray fluxes from 3C 279 are consistent with the synchrotron self-Compton model if τT varies in a fixed magnetic field and induced Compton scattering is the dominant source of radio opacity. The variation amplitudes are too small to be produced by the passage of a shock through the synchrotron emission region unless the magnetic field is perpendicular to the shock front.
Latitudinal variation of denudation in the evolution of the Bolivian Andes

Latitudinal gradients in topography, relief, climate, and deformation have been used to suggest that climate-driven erosion has exerted a first order control on the development of the central Andes. We synthesize the spatial and temporal variations in denudation across the eastern Bolivian Andes (14-22°S) from new and existing estimates to test whether physical evidence exists to support the hypothesis that erosion influences thrust belt evolution. Basin-morphometry, channel network indices, climate, and longitudinal river profiles indicate a northward increase in relative relief, fluvial incision, and denudation. Short-term denudation-rate averages from landslide mapping and sediment-flux data range from 1 to 9 mm/yr in the north compared to 0.3 to 0.4 mm/yr in the south. Long-term denudation-rate estimates from thermochronology, cosmogenic radionuclides, foreland basin sediment volumes, stra- tigraphy, paleoerosion surface degradation, and balanced cross sections range from 0.04 to 1.6 mm/yr with rates up to more than twice as fast in the north when comparing estimates from the same method. The shorter-term denudation rates exhibit the greatest variance. Our denudation synthesis shows that an along-strike disparity in denudation (greater in the north) has existed throughout the Holocene and perhaps existed since as early as the late Miocene. Our denudation synthesis also suggests that the disparity and denudation rates have increased to the present. Correlations between the thrust belt geology, geometry, geomorphology, climate, and kinematics of the orogenic wedge provides a case study in observing the regional scale interactions between uplift, climate, and erosion. We conclude that the denudation history, uplift history, and tectonic-geomorphic correlations suggest that models of the evolution of the Bolivian Andes should incorporate a latitudinal erosion gradient for the last 10 kyrs to perhaps 10 Myrs.
The Psychological Aspects of Cross-Cultural Differences in Organizational Culture

Today, Kazakhstan represents a multicultural republic of 130 ethnic groups. Through this diverse political, economic, and ethnic diversity within the region, foreign companies proactively invest money into joint ventures; producing up to 40% of the area’s gross product. The purpose of the research is to review the cross-cultural characteristics of employees within the Kazakhstan-Arabic Bank. This was done through an interview of 30 employees of the Bank belonging to various ethnic groups; Kazakhs, Russians, Korean, Uigur, Arabic cultures. To perform this research, specific methodological tools were developed, including Schwartz’s questionnaire on assessment of organizational values developed by Hofstede (1980,1984). Theoretical and methodological basis of our study was the concept of human resource management as articulated by the Russian psychologist Bazarov (2014). Also, the works of Russian scientists like Myasoedov (2003), Kabatchenko (2012), Rozanov (2009), Shkatulla (2008) etc. was reviewed. We also analyzed the works of Kazakhstan scientists like Dzhakupov, Aimaganbetova (2014). These authors define human resource management as one of the most important spheres in the life of an organization as it can enhance its effectiveness. Management of human resources is viewed in the wide context of economy, statistics, psychology and philosophy. This study focuses on the importance of the concept of a national character of organizational culture introduced by Lammers and Hickson (2009) as well as the basic parameters of production values in a multinational corporation (Mazemotto, 2011). © 2017 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy. org.UK
APPLICATION SPECIFIC USAGE CONTROL IMPLEMENTATION VERIFICATION

Usage control is a comprehensive access control model developed to cater the security needs of the wide range of applications. Formal specification of the core usage control models and their expressivity, decidability of safety properties are explored recently. They help us to understand the usability and safety of the model. However, security of the usage control in the practical applications depends on the safety of the model as well as its correct implementation in the application. This paper presents an approach to verify the correctness of the usage control implementation using a semiformal property verification tool. We also provide an illustrative case study.
Recognizing Strokes in Tennis Videos using Hidden Markov Models

This paper addresses content-based video retrieval with an emphasis on recognizing events in tennis game videos. In particular, we aim at recognizing different classes of tennis strokes using automatic learning capability of Hidden Markov Models. Driven by our domain knowledge, a robust player segmentation algorithm is developed for real video data. Further, we introduce a number of novel features to be extracted for our particular application. Different feature combinations are investigated in order to find the optimal one. The experimental results demonstrate that our method is close to realizing statistics of tennis games automatically using ordinary TV broadcast videos.
MCI-Java: A Modified Java Virtual Machine Approach to Multiple Code Inheritance

Java has multiple inheritance of interfaces, but only single inheritance of code via classes. This situation results in duplicated code in Java library classes and application code. We describe a generalization to the Java language syntax and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) to support multiple inheritance of code, called MCI-Java. Our approach places multiply-inherited code in a new language construct called an implementation, which lies between an interface and a class in the inheritance hierarchy. MCI-Java does not support multiply-inherited data, which can cause modeling and performance problems. The MCI-Java extension is implemented by making minimal changes to the Java syntax, small changes to a compiler (IBM Jikes), and modest localized changes to a JVM (SUN JDK 1.2.2). The JVM changes result in no measurable performance overhead in real applications.
A Randomised, Cross-Over, Placebo-Controlled Study of Aloe vera in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Effects on Patient Quality of Life

Background. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, difficult to treat condition. The efficacy of Aloe vera in treating IBS symptoms is not yet proven. The purpose of this study was to determine if Aloe vera is effective in improving quality of life. Methods. A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, cross-over placebo controlled study design. Patients were randomised to Aloe vera, wash-out, placebo or placebo, washout, Aloe vera. Each preparation (60 mL) was taken orally twice a day. Patient quality of life was measured using the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Score, Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life, EuroQol and the Short-Form-12 at baseline and treatment periods 1 and 2. Results. A total of 110 patients were randomised, but only 47 completed all questionnaires and both study arms. Statistical analysis showed no difference between the placebo and Aloe vera treatment in quality of life. Discussion. This study was unable to show that Aloe vera was superior to placebo in improving quality of life. Drop outs and other confounding factors may have impacted on the power of the study to detect a clinically important difference. Conclusion. This study failed to find Aloe vera superior to placebo in improving quality of life proven Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients.