Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Four decades of counterfeit research: A bibliometric analysis

Abstract This paper assesses the evolution of last 43 years in counterfeit research with respect to sources of knowledge (i.e. journals, authors, institutions, countries) and research themes. The oldest paper on this subject discovered in the Scopus database was published 43 years ago, yet a time frame was not specified. Sources of knowledge are assessed on research productivity (quantitative) as well as impact (qualitative). Research themes, key areas of focus within the counterfeit research landscape, are identified and discussed to conceptualize our understanding of the field. Via a systematic literature review, 713 peer-reviewed academic articles published in 282 journals from 1978 to 2021 were selected as the sample for this study. The systematic review technique was chosen as compared with narrative reviews of the literature it focuses on open, extensive, and detailed approaches to literature searches, in addition to conforming to the scientific criteria utilised in primary research, namely transparency, rigour, comprehensiveness, and reproducibility. A database of references and citations was created for analysis. The data was analyzed to prepare comparative tables. Further, the Leximancer software was used to generate lexical conceptual trends. This data was further analyzed to identify emerging themes. The Journal of Business Ethics had the highest number of articles and citations, followed by the Journal of Business Research and Business Horizons. Ian Phau (14 articles) and Michael D. Smith, (9 articles) were the most prolific authors. Joseph Nunes and Ian Phau attained the highest number of citations, cited 658 and 577 times respectively. Eight major research themes were identified: products, piracy, model, price, firms, digital, supply, and ethical. Each theme was analyzed over time. The major research areas analyzed across the articles over time were Technology (particularly “Technology” and “Software” topics) and Ethics (particularly “IP” and “Legislation”). The identification of these research area captures the essence of the paper’s uniqueness and contribution to this field of research. This is the first systematic literature review in counterfeit literature that captures multi-decade sources of knowledge in business journals.
Autostereoscopic 3D Measurement Based on Adaptive Focus Volume Aggregation

Autostereoscopic three-dimensional measuring systems are a kind of portable and fast precision metrology instrument. The systems are based on integral imaging that makes use of a micro-lens array before an image sensor to observe measured parts from multiple perspectives. Since autostereoscopic measuring systems can obtain longitudinal and lateral information within single snapshots rapidly, the three-dimensional profiles of the measured parts can be reconstructed by shape from focus. In general, the reconstruction process consists of data acquisition, pre-processing, digital refocusing, focus measures, and depth estimation. The accuracy of depth estimation is determined by the focus volume generated by focus measure operators which could be sensitive to the noise during digital refocusing. Without prior knowledge and surface information, directly estimated depth maps usually contain severe noise and incorrect representation of continuous surfaces. To eliminate the effects of refocusing noise and take advantage of traditional focus measure methods with robustness, an adaptive focus volume aggregation method based on convolutional neural networks is presented to optimize the focus volume for more accurate depth estimation. Since a large amount of data and ground truth are costly to acquire for model convergence, backpropagation is performed for every sample under an unsupervised strategy. The training strategy makes use of a smoothness constraint and an identical distribution constraint that restricts the difference between the distribution of the network output and the distribution of ideal depth estimation. Experimental results show that the proposed adaptive aggregation method significantly reduces the noise during depth estimation and retains more accurate surface profiles. As a result, the autostereoscopic measuring system can directly recover surface profiles from raw data without any prior information.
Analysis of beam combining efficiency for filled-aperture

This paper investigates a segmented mirror splitter system for beam combiners. Most of previous work lack the analysis of various types of errors in beam combiner. Instead, we analyze the influence of varying distortion levels and synthesis pulse quantities on the coherent combining efficiency. In particular, we analyze the efficiency losses caused by various factors such as the beam splitter’s splitting ratio, phase mismatch, power imbalance, polarization, spatial misalignment, and pointing error of the beam combiner. Accordingly, an analytical formula for assessing coherent combining efficiency is derived, providing a theoretical foundation and guidance for the design and optimization of high-power beam synthesizers. In general, this study could serve as a valuable reference for enhancing the performance of beam combiners in real-world applications.
Facial Video-based Remote Photoplethysmography Signal Estimation with Vision Transformer

Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), which is measured remotely with a video camera under ambient light conditions, is actively researched due to its accessibility and convenience. rPPG analysis can also estimate important biomarkers such as heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). The majority of previous studies primarily designed algorithms to directly estimate HR or HRV. Instead, we note that regression analysis is used to recover the rPPG itself. This method has two benefits. Photoplethysmography (PPG) derived from a contact sensor provides crucial information for refining rPPG and insights for model development. Motivated by these considerations, we propose a model for end-to-end rPPG signal estimation. Vision transformer (ViT)-based model, which takes into account long-range correlations of rPPG, is adopted as the network's backbone, and the proposed model is evaluated using the MPSC-rPPG dataset.
Deprivation of Sexual Reproduction during Garlic Domestication and Crop Evolution

Garlic, originating in the mountains of Central Asia, has undergone domestication and subsequent widespread introduction to diverse regions. Human selection for adaptation to various climates has resulted in the development of numerous garlic varieties, each characterized by specific morphological and physiological traits. However, this process has led to a loss of fertility and seed production in garlic crops. In this study, we conducted morpho-physiological and transcriptome analyses, along with whole-genome resequencing of 41 garlic accessions from different regions, in order to assess the variations in reproductive traits among garlic populations. Our findings indicate that the evolution of garlic crops was associated with mutations in genes related to vernalization and the circadian clock. The decline in sexual reproduction is not solely attributed to a few mutations in specific genes, but is correlated with extensive alterations in the genetic regulation of the annual cycle, stress adaptations, and environmental requirements. The regulation of flowering ability, stress response, and metabolism occurs at both the genetic and transcriptional levels. We conclude that the migration and evolution of garlic crops involve substantial and diverse changes across the entire genome landscape. The construction of a garlic pan-genome, encompassing genetic diversity from various garlic populations, will provide further insights for research into and the improvement of garlic crops.
Temperature-programmed Experimental Study on Stage Characteristics of Coal Spontaneous Combustion Disaster Gas Indicators

In order to analyze the gas indicators variation in early phase of coal spontaneous combustion and make it better to solve the problem of mine site fire fighting and rescue decision-making,the relationships between the volume fractions of O2,CO,CO2,CH4,C2H4 or C2H6 and temperature were obtained by experiments on coal spontaneous combustion programmed heating.Based on coal temperature,the low temperature coal spontaneous combustion was divided into five stages (latent stage,the stage of thermal storage,evaporation stage,active stage,and the pan-oxygen stage). For three different ranks of coal samples,variations in indicator gases in the various stages were analyzed.The correspondence between coal spontaneous combustion indicator gas and the characteristic temperature interval was established.The results show that in the latent phase of the spontaneous combustion,the lower degree of metamorphism of coal,the easier to produce CO and the more difficult to produce methane in the early phase;in the heat storage stage,the lower degree of metamorphism of coal,the easier and faster to produce C2H6;in the evaporation stage,desorption of water in or on the coal takes place,and C2H4 was released consequently from lower rank coal;in the active stage,there is a strong trend towards a drametic increase in volume fractions of the gases,C2H4 was released from the higher metamorphic coal;in the hypoxic phase,oxygen volume fraction is lower than 15%,and the trend of the indicators (CO/ΔO2, CO/CO2,etc.) related with it will change.
Study of Physiognomy and Origin of Plant Species in Sarshiv Area of Marivan, Iran

Abstract. Vegetation of each region is one of the most important phenomena of nature and is the best guide to judge about the ecological sciences of that region because the plants are resistant organisms that have endured the long term conditions of all kinds of environmental conditions for a long period of time and have adapted with environmental stresses. Therefore floristical investigation of each region is outmost importance for that region and it serves as a birth certification document. It also reviews geographical and floristical origins of each region which is the most effective method for managing and protecting the available genetic resources. The aim of this study was introducing flora, life form and plant chorotypes in Sarshiv rangelands, west of Marivan, Iran. The method of sampling was random- systematic with 76 plots. Floristical studies showed that there were 39 families, 116 genera and 139 plant species in this area. The most important families in this area were Asteraceae (20 species), Papilionaceae (Fabaceae) (16 species), Apiaceae (11 species) and Poaceae (10 species). Among all species identified in this region, one was endemic and the three other species were considered as rare. Investigation of life forms based on Raunkiaer method showed that there were various plants in different life form. Among all of them, Terophytes (35%) and Chamaephytes (3%) had the highest and the lowest plant species, respectively. The review of the geographical distribution of plants in the region showed that the species belonged to different Chorotypes and Irano-Turanian (50%) and European–Siberian (1%) had the highest and the lowest plant species of the region, respectively.
Modeling Hydraulic Conductivity of a Complex Confining Layer at Various Spatial Scales

The spatial variation of the hydraulic conductivity of a complex confining layer in the Netherlands is modeled at four different scales: the scale of sediment cores (10−1–100 m), the scale of the numerical model blocks (101–102 m), the local scale (102–103 m), and the regional scale (103–105 m). Two stochastic methods are combined: (1) conditional (multiple indicator) simulation of texture classes to obtain three-dimensional images of the lithology of the confining layer from borehole descriptions and (2) the statistical upscaling procedure of Indelman and Dagan [1993a, b] to derive the first- and second-order statistics of hydraulic conductivities at the scale of the numerical model blocks. When the upscaling of the core-scale conductivities is ignored, the local- and regional-scale groundwater flow through the confining layer is predicted wrongly.
Sensitivity of Landsat/IKONOS accuracy comparison to errors in photointerpreted reference data and variations in test point sets

We evaluated the sensitivity of a comparison between classified Landsat and IKONOS images to the reference data used to make the comparison. Reference data were produced using two different procedures and by multiple individuals performing identical procedures. We also screened potential test points according to the homogeneity of their surrounding neighbourhoods. Landsat performed relatively better than IKONOS regardless of the reference data used, but the individual performance of each classified image varied significantly according to the reference dataset against which it was scored. The assessed ability of Landsat and IKONOS to recognize certain land‐cover classes was extremely sensitive to the reference data. Differences in individuals' interpretation habits outweighed the effects of the reference data production method, and the test points' neighbourhood homogeneity did not consistently bias overall accuracy. These results support careful documentation of uncertainty associated with reference data, including overall reliability and issues regarding particular land‐cover/use classes.
Local Overlapping Spatial-aware Community Detection

Local spatial-aware community detection refers to detecting a spatial-aware community for a given node using local information. A spatial-aware community means that nodes in the community are tightly connected in structure, and their locations are close to each other. Existing studies focus on detecting the local non-overlapping spatial-aware community, i.e., detecting a spatial-aware community containing the given node. However, many geosocial networks often contain overlapping spatial-aware communities. Therefore, we propose a local overlapping spatial-aware community detection (LOSCD) problem, which aims to detect all spatial-aware communities that contain a given node with local information. To address LOSCD problem, we design an algorithm based on Spatial Modularity and Edge Similarity, called SMES. SMES contains two processes: spatial expansion and structure detection. The spatial expansion process involves using spatial modularity to identify nodes that are spatially close, while the structural detection process employs edge similarity to identify nodes that are structurally close. Experimental results demonstrate that SMES outperforms comparison algorithms in terms of both structural and spatial cohesiveness.
Variations of stress directions in the western Alpine arc

SUMMARY The western Alpine arc originated during the Cretaceous orogenesis as a consequence of the continental collision between the European and Adriatic plates. The distribution of forces acting in this sector of the Alps is still somewhat uncertain. In the past, some eVorts have been made to map the distribution of P and T axes but it is known that these can be substantially diVerent from the principal stress directions. In recent work, we presented a first attempt to determine the directions of s 1 and s 3 , which we could compute only for a ‘local’ regime at the level of the magnitude of the larger events that occurred in the area. To obtain the stress orientation, we applied the technique developed by Gephart and Forsyth to invert fault plane solutions. In this work we present the results of a detailed analysis performed on a larger area, applying the same methodology. A total of 86 earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from 2.5 to 5.3 has been used for inversion. The results confirm the impossibility of defining, within the available data, a regional stress field. In fact, diVerent local behaviours have been demonstrated in four subregions. For the first subregion, namely the northern part of the western Alps, the inversion of 28 earthquakes, resulting in a misfit of 5.9°, revealed a distensive regime orientated N‐S. For the second subregion, the outer part of the western Alps, the inversion of 16 earthquakes led to a misfit of 5.3° for a distensive E‐W orientated regime. In the inner part of the chain, an opposite result was obtained by the inversion of 14 earthquakes, confirmed by a misfit of 4.7°. Finally, the region of the Ligurian Sea revealed an almost horizontal NW‐SE orientated s 1 , whereas s 3 is NE‐SW orientated with a dip of around 30°‐40°. The inversion for this subarea was carried out on a data set of 28 earthquakes and characterized by a misfit of 7.1°. The uncertainty of the stress axis orientation (90 per cent confidence limits) is, on average for all inversions, around 40°.
Relationship Between Mother And Child Behavior In Maintaining Dental Health With The Incidence Of Caries (Study Of Preschool Children At Al-Masyithoh Pati Muslimat Kindergarten)

Background: Dental caries is still a priority issue in children’s health. The high prevalence of caries in children is partly due to the lack of maternal behavior in maintaining oral health, as well as a child’s diet. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mother and child behavior in maintaining dental health with the incidence of caries in children. Methods: This type of research is analytically observational with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 73 children aged 3-5 years and the respondents were the mothers of the sample. Sampling used a proportioned stratified random sampling technique. Collecting data using observation sheets and questionnaires. Univariate and bivariate data analysis (Rank Spearman). Results: The results showed that 75.3% of mothers had good knowledge, 100% of mothers had a supportive attitude, 68.5% of mothers had good actions, 93.2% of children had cariogenic food consumption habits, and 58.9% of children had caries in the very high category. There is no relationship between maternal knowledge (p-value 0.942 > 0.05) and maternal attitude with caries incidence (p-value 0.816 > 0.05), there is a relationship between maternal actions (p-value 0.000 <0.05) and children’s habits of consuming cariogenic foods with caries incidence (p-value 0.004 <0.05). Conclusion: Maternal knowledge and attitude in maintaining dental health have no relationship with the incidence of caries in children, while maternal actions and children’s habits of consuming cariogenic food are related to the incidence of caries in children.
Determinants of Restaurant Love: Mediating Role of Restaurant Trust

This research paper examines the influences of restaurant reputation, restaurant experience, and restaurant trust on restaurant love where restaurant trust is used as mediator. Majority (53%) of the 365 respondents were male. Respondents’ data were collected with closed-end questionnaire and random sampling technique was followed while selecting the respondents. The researcher used SPSS and AMOS to analyze the collected data. The data analysis shows that restaurant reputation and restaurant experience positively influence the restaurant trust and restaurant love and trust mediates between the relationships of reputation and love as well as between the relationship of experience and restaurant love. This research has, implications, limitations, discussed in the last section.
Design and dynamics control of a lightweight 6-axis collaborative robot

The 6-axis robots are highly flexible and controllable, making them essential to the manufacturing industry. With the right motion planning, robots may do a variety of challenging jobs. However, due to their complex, nonlinear nature, controlling robots is influenced by several factors. Achieving high precision and intelligent, networked operation requires a comprehensive understanding of robot control. This paper presents an approach for designing and controlling a lightweight 6-axis collaborative robot. Firstly, a novel design method is proposed and implemented to fabricate the robot. Secondly, we identified the kinetic parameters and joint friction of the fabricated robot to obtain a better understanding of its motion dynamics. Lastly, we developed a kinetic control strategy based on the identified parameters and friction, which enables the robot to perform precise movements even in complex environments.
Automated Electronic Circuit Design for Low Pass Filter Based on Genetic Algorithm

: In this paper a proposed method to design electronic circuits by using software approach based on genetic algorithms is presented. The method is implemented to design low pass filter with a minimal knowledge about the design (the response of the filter and cutoff frequency). Butterworth filter type is chosen because of its smooth response. This method provides impressive results and the circuits obtained provide higher efficiency than the circuits which might be designed by the expert engineer. This method allows the topology, the component values, and the number of the component of the circuit to be evolved by using genetic algorithms (GAs) without human interference. Therefore, the proposed method can be expandied to be used with any analog (passive or active) circuit by making a few changes in the program steps (i.e. by changing the fitness function and improving the simulation of the circuits). MATLAB (Ver. 7) language is used in programming the genetic algorithm. The circuits created by genetic algorithms are built using EWB program to make sure that the obtained results are true and accurate.
Sports Practice, Body Image Perception, and Factors Involved in Sporting Activity in Italian Schoolchildren

Regular physical activity is generally deemed to positively affect health, but studies on children are scarce. Among the kinds of physical activity, sports practice is the most common and easiest to quantify and report by children. This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the two genders and evaluate the association between organized sports practice and body dissatisfaction in a sample of 214 Italian schoolchildren (55.6% males) aged 5 to 12. Body image perception and data on sports practice expectations and facilitators were collected in individual face-to-face interviews; weight and stature were directly measured. Girls tended to be sportier than boys (91.6% of girls vs. 86.3% of boys practiced sports), with an earlier start in sports (5.48 ± 1.47 vs. 5.72 ± 1.38 years) and a greater amount of weekly sports (3.41 ± 2.95 vs. 3.01 ± 2.11 h/week). In both genders, the ideal silhouette was more slender than the feel silhouette, and in girls more than in boys. According to the outcomes of multiple regression models, years of organized sports participation were a significant predictor of the weekly amount of sports in both genders, in addition to the feel weight status minus actual weight status inconsistency score, fun in sports, and parental support only in boys and teacher support only in girls. Children’s needs and interests and sports facilitators should be considered to promote an early active lifestyle.