Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability walls in heterotic theories

We study the sub-structure of the heterotic Kahler moduli space due to the presence of non-Abelian internal gauge fields from the perspective of the four-dimensional effective theory. Internal gauge fields can be supersymmetric in some regions of the Kahler moduli space but break supersymmetry in others. In the context of the four-dimensional theory, we investigate what happens when the Kahler moduli are changed from the supersymmetric to the non-supersymmetric region. Our results provide a low-energy description of supersymmetry breaking by internal gauge fields as well as a physical picture for the mathematical notion of bundle stability. Specifically, we find that at the transition between the two regions an additional anomalous U(1) symmetry appears under which some of the states in the low-energy theory acquire charges. We compute the associated D-term contribution to the four-dimensional potential which contains a Kahler-moduli dependent Fayet-Iliopoulos term and contributions from the charged states. We show that this D-term correctly reproduces the expected physics. Several mathematical conclusions concerning vector bundle stability are drawn from our arguments. We also discuss possible physical applications of our results to heterotic model building and moduli stabilisation.
Memory-based Named Entity Recognition in Tweets

We present a memory-based named entity recognition sys- tem that participated in the MSM-2013 Concept Extraction Challenge. The system expands the training set of annotated tweets with part-of- speech tags and seedlist information, and then generates a sequential memory-based tagger comprised of separate modules for known and un- known words. Two taggers are trained: one on the original capitalized data, and one on a lowercased version of the training data. The intersec- tion of named entities in the predictions of the two taggers is kept as the final output.
PIKfyve Regulates the Endosomal Localization of CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides to Elicit TLR9-Dependent Cellular Responses

TLR9 is a receptor for oligodeoxynucleotides that contain unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG). Because TLR9 resides in the endoplasmic reticulum during the quiescence state, CpG binding to TLR9 requires membrane trafficking, which includes the maturation of the CpG-containing endosome. In the present study, we examined the role of PIKfyve, a phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase, in the regulation of TLR9 signaling. The PIKfyve inhibitor YM201636 inhibited co-localization of the CpG-containing endosome with LysoTracker, which stains acidic organelle, and with TLR9. YM201636 increased the co-localization of CpG with the early endosome marker EEA1 but decreased co-localization with the late endosome marker LAMP1. Similar results were obtained in Raw264.7 cells containing shRNA that targets PIKfyve. CpG-mediated phosphorylation but not lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated phosphorylation of IKK, p38 MAPK, JNK and Stat3 was severely impaired by the loss of PIKfyve function. CpG-mediated expression of cytokine mRNA was also decreased in the absence of PIKfyve. These findings demonstrate a novel role of PIKfyve in TLR9 signaling.
A Study of the Marginal Teacher in California.

As the nation gears up for a massive educational restructuring, a major issue regarding nlousands of teachers who function at substandard levels has yet to be addressed, and even the latest educational restructuring proposals show little concern for this problem. Indicators of marginality include failure to maintain discipline, difficulties in conveying subject matter, poor relations with students, or inability to achieve desired outcomes. However, the performance of marginal teachers can be improved with adequate diagnosis and appropriate rehabilitative strategies, since marginal teachers, unlike those who are incompetent, are capable of reasonable performance. Earlier research estimates that between 5 and 20 percent of teachers are marginal. Most previous studies separate the roots of marginality into either professional or personal deficiencies. For the present study, a questionnaire was distributed to 518 elementary and secondary schools in California to determine administrators' perceptions of the scale, causes, and difficulties of marginal teachers and to identify appropriate response strategies; of this total, 131 completed surveys were returned, for a response rate of 26 percent. According to the responses received, the major perceived causes of marginal teaching included the inability to control classrooms, lack of motivation, burnout, and personal crises. There was general agreement that marginal teachers are uniquely vexing administrative problems. Many administrators were unable to differentiate marginal from incompetent teachers and endorsed simple remedies such as dismissal or reassignment. A variety of personalized intervention strategies were suggested, of which peer coaching and continuous classroom observation were considered to be the two most effective for improving the performance of the use of marginal teachers. (Contains 24 references.) (TEJ) *****************************************************k***************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. **********************************k************************************ A STUDY OF THE MARGINAL TEACHER IN CALIFORNIA U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Othce Or Educahonal Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) /h:s document has been reproduced AS received born the person or orgarozetIon ongmatmg . 1 C M:nor changes have been made to improve reproouctOn cwatay Pants of new or ocvmons stated m thmdocumen, do not necessarily represent off.oal OE RI pos.bon or policy
Cascaded filtering for fingerprint identification using random projections

Biometric identification often involves explicit comparison of a probe against each template stored in a database. This process becomes extremely time-consuming as the size of the database increases. Filtering approaches use a light weight comparison to select a smaller set of candidate templates from the database for explicit comparison. However, most existing filtering schemes use specific features that are hand-crafted for the biometric trait at each stage of the filtering. In this work, we explore the effectiveness of weak features in a cascade for filtering fingerprint databases. We start with a set of potential indexing features computed from minutiae triplets and minutiae quadruplets. Each stage of filtering consists of projecting the probe onto a specific line and the removal of database samples outside a window around the probe. The critical problem in this process is the selection of lines for projection at each stage of the filtering. We show that by using a set of random lines and the proposed fitness function, one can achieve better results that optimization methods such as PCA or LDA. Experimental results show that using an ensemble of projections we can reduce the penetration to 26% at a hit rate of 99%. As each stage of the cascade is extremely fast, and filtering is progressive along the cascade, one can terminate the cascade at any point to achieve the desired performance. One can also combine this method with other indexing methods to improve the overall accuracy and speed. We present detailed experimental results on various aspects of the process on the FVC 2002 dataset.
Effects of mobility on packet level performance of connection-oriented multimedia traffic over packet-switched cellular networks

Packet level metrics such as buffer overflow probability and packet delay are very important quality of service (QoS) parameters in future cellular mobile networks supporting packet-switched traffic. In this paper, we study the effects of user mobility on packet level performance of QoS provisioning schemes for connection-oriented multimedia traffic, which is modeled by a fluid model with on/off sources. We consider both the tradition mobility model, in which channel holding times for new and handoff calls are identically distributed, and a new mobility model proposed recently, in which they are exponentially distributed but with different average values. Using these models, we analyze the packet level performance, such as buffer overflow probability and packet average delay, of different QoS provisioning schemes. Using numerical examples, we show that user mobility models have significant impacts on the packet level performance. The discrepancy between the buffer overflow probabilities using different user mobility models can be as large as 20 times.
A Novel Privacy Preserving Keyword Search Scheme over Encrypted Cloud Data

As the cloud computing becomes prevalent, data owners are motivated to outsource a large number of documents to the cloud for the great flexibility and convenience. Although encryption before outsourcing can keep user's data confidential, it raises a new challenge for users to retrieve some of the encrypted files containing specific keywords from the cloud. In this paper, we propose a novel privacy preserving keyword search scheme over encrypted cloud data to address this problem. To enable users to search over encrypted data, we firstly adopt a structure named as Inverted Matrix (IM) to build search index. The IM is consisted of a number of index vectors, each of which is associated with a keyword. Then we map a keyword to a value as an address used to locate the corresponding index vector. Finally, we mask index vectors with pseudo-random bits to obtain an Encrypted Enlarged Inverted Matrix (EEIM) to preserve the privacy of users. Through the security analysis, we show that our proposed scheme is secure.
Scaling a Reliable Distributed System

We consider the problem of reliably connecting an arbitrarily large set of computers (nodes) with communication channels. Reliability means here the ability, for any two nodes, to remain connected (i.e., their ability to communicate) with probability at least mu, despite the very fact that every other node or channel has an independent probability lambda of failing. A simple solution to the problem consists in connecting every pair of nodes with several channels. This solution however does not scale: the number of connections per node (degree) would not be bounded by a constant. We address the following question: is it possible to reliably connect an arbitrarily large number n of nodes with a bounded degree? This problem is non-trivial, as the level of redundancy implied by reliability is apparently incompatible with a bounded degree. In this paper, we show that, may be surprisingly, the answer to this problem is positive. We show how to build a graph to reliably connect n nodes while preserving a bounded degree. We first address a weak version of the problem, where we allow to add intermediary nodes (that are not necessarily reliably connected to the others), provided that their number is linear in the total number of nodes reliably connected. To solve the weaker problem, we define a fractal graph that ensures constant reliability at any distance, and combine it with a tree-like graph to reliably connect an arbitrary set of nodes. Then, to solve the strong version of the problem (without intermediary nodes), we split the n nodes to connect into several subsets, and reliably connect each pair of subsets with an instance of the previous graph containing at most n nodes. The final graph is obtained by merging all these instances together. The linearity property of the weak problem ensures that the number of graphs we merge is bounded by a constant, which guarantees a bounded degree. Interestingly, the resulting graph has an optimal diameter: it is logarithmic in n. Whilst we focus on crash-stop failures for presentation simplicity, we also show how our solution can be generalized to tolerate Byzantine (malicious) failures, by increasing the level of redundancy and performing majority votes at several levels of the graph.
Architecture of HeiPhone: A Testbed for Audio/Video Teleconferencing

Due to recent advances in computer technology the integration of multimedia data with computing is becoming feasible. Such integration will allow for scenarios in which computer systems support collab-orative conferencing. We have developed a testbed for multimedia teleconferencing that is used to study experimental protocols that can manage and organize multiparty conferences and transmit digital video and audio data. We distinguish between real-time communication, which is needed to support the transfer of continuous-media data, and non-real-time communication, which is used to exchange control messages such as invitations to a conference. These communication types are supported by different communication stacks within our testbed: Digital video and audio are transmitted via ST-II and HeiTP with media-specific protocols on top of them and control information for conference management is transmitted via remote procedure calls (RPC). An overview of the working system, its current communication mechanisms, and the services provided is the subject matter of this paper.
Cost-based Filtering for Stochastic Inventory Systems with Shortage Cost

Cost-based filtering is a promising technique able to improve search performance in combinatorial optimization problems. Such a technique has already been successfully applied to stochastic inventory control problems. We focus on the class of production/inventory control problems that considers a single product and a single stocking location, given a stochastic demand with a known non-stationary probability distribution. An exact CP approach has been recently introduced to find optimal policy parameters for this problem under ordering, holding and shortage cost. We extend such a CP approach using cost-based filtering. Our algorithm can efficiently solve to optimality instances of realistic size, often with no search effort at all. An extended version of this work is presented in the application track of the technical programme. 1 Problem definition and (Rn, Sn) policy Inventory control is a topic that has been
Broadcasting and multiple access for next generation wireless networks

In this paper we consider broadcasting and multiple access technique for next generation cellular networks as well as for unstructured peer-to-peer networks. Under term `broadcasting' we take in mind information distribution to multiple mobiles by means of joint codeword while information part of the codeword may carry different data to mobiles using overhead information.
Altered SPECT 123I-iomazenil Binding in the Cingulate Cortex of Children with Anorexia Nervosa

Several lines of evidence suggest that anxiety plays a key role in the development and maintenance of anorexia nervosa (AN) in children. The purpose of this study was to examine cortical GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor binding before and after treatment in children beginning intensive AN treatment. Brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) measurements using 123I-iomazenil, which binds to GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptors, was performed in 26 participants with AN who were enrolled in a multimodal treatment program. Sixteen of the 26 participants underwent a repeat SPECT scan immediately before discharge at conclusion of the intensive treatment program. Eating behavior and mood disturbances were assessed using Eating Attitudes Test with 26 items (EAT-26) and the short form of the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Clinical outcome scores were evaluated after a 1-year period. We examined association between relative iomazenil-binding activity in cortical regions of interest and psychometric profiles and determined which psychometric profiles show interaction effects with brain regions. Further, we determined if binding activity could predict clinical outcome and treatment changes. Higher EAT-26 scores were significantly associated with lower iomazenil-binding activity in the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex. Higher POMS subscale scores were significantly associated with lower iomazenil-binding activity in the left frontal, parietal cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). “Depression–Dejection” and “Confusion” POMS subscale scores, and total POMS score showed interaction effects with brain regions in iomazenil-binding activity. Decreased binding in the anterior cingulate cortex and left parietal cortex was associated with poor clinical outcomes. Relative binding increases throughout the PCC and occipital gyrus were observed after weight gain in children with AN. These findings suggest that cortical GABAergic receptor binding is altered in children with AN. This may be a state-related change, which could be used to monitor and guide the treatment of eating disorders.
COVARIANCE APPROXIMATION FOR LARGE MULTIVARIATE SPATIAL DATASETS WITH AN APPLICATION TO MULTIPLE CLIMATE MODEL ERRORS By Huiyan

This paper investigates the cross-correlations across multiple climate model errors. We build a Bayesian hierarchical model that accounts for the spatial dependence of individual models as well as cross-covariances across different climate models. Our method allows for a non-separable and non-stationary cross-covariance structure. We also present a covariance approximation approach to facilitate the computation in the modeling and analysis of very large multivariate spatial data sets. The covariance approximation consists of two parts: a reduced-rank part to capture the large-scale spatial dependence, and a sparse covariance matrix to correct the small-scale dependence error induced by the reduced rank approximation. We pay special attention to the case that the second part of the approximation has a block-diagonal structure. Simulation results of model fitting and prediction show substantial improvement of the proposed approximation over the predictive process approximation and the independent blocks analysis. We then apply our computational approach to the joint statistical modeling of multiple climate model errors.
β-Cell Deficit and Increased β-Cell Apoptosis in Humans With Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by impaired insulin secretion. Some but not all studies suggest that a decrease in β-cell mass contributes to this. We examined pancreatic tissue from 124 autopsies: 91 obese cases (BMI >27 kg/m2; 41 with type 2 diabetes, 15 with impaired fasting glucose [IFG], and 35 nondiabetic subjects) and 33 lean cases (BMI <25 kg/m2; 16 type 2 diabetic and 17 nondiabetic subjects). We measured relative β-cell volume, frequency of β-cell apoptosis and replication, and new islet formation from exocrine ducts (neogenesis). Relative β-cell volume was increased in obese versus lean nondiabetic cases (P = 0.05) through the mechanism of increased neogenesis (P < 0.05). Obese humans with IFG and type 2 diabetes had a 40% (P < 0.05) and 63% (P < 0.01) deficit and lean cases of type 2 diabetes had a 41% deficit (P < 0.05) in relative β-cell volume compared with nondiabetic obese and lean cases, respectively. The frequency of β-cell replication was very low in all cases and no different among groups. Neogenesis, while increased with obesity, was comparable in obese type 2 diabetic, IFG, or nondiabetic subjects and in lean type 2 diabetic or nondiabetic subjects. However, the frequency of β-cell apoptosis was increased 10-fold in lean and 3-fold in obese cases of type 2 diabetes compared with their respective nondiabetic control group (P < 0.05). We conclude that β-cell mass is decreased in type 2 diabetes and that the mechanism underlying this is increased β-cell apoptosis. Since the major defect leading to a decrease in β-cell mass in type 2 diabetes is increased apoptosis, while new islet formation and β-cell replication are normal, therapeutic approaches designed to arrest apoptosis could be a significant new development in the management of type 2 diabetes, because this approach might actually reverse the disease to a degree rather than just palliate glycemia.
ifile: An Application of Machine Learning to E-Mail Filtering

The rise of the World Wide Web and the ever-increasing amounts of machine-readable text has caused text classification to become a important aspect of machine learning. One specific application that has the potential to affect almost every user of the Internet is e-mail filtering. The WorldTalk Corporation estimates that over 60 million business people use e-mail [6]. Many more use e-mail purely on a personal basis and the pool of e-mail users is growing daily. And yet, automated techniques for learning to filter e-mail have yet to significantly affect the e-mail market. Here, I attack problems that plague practical e-mail filtering and suggest solutions that will bring us closer to the acceptance of using automated classification techniques to filter personal e-mail. I also present a filtering system, ifile, that is both effective and efficient, and which has been adapted to a popular e-mail client. Results are presented from a number of experiments and show that a system such as ifile could become a useful and valuable part of any e-mail client.
Transitive Closure Of In nite Graphs And Its Applications

A DC to DC converter includes a push pull oscillating circuit having a pair of active components, the anodes of which are connected to each end terminal of the primary winding of a saturable inverter transformer. A secondary winding of the saturable inverter transformer is connected to a load through which the output of the secondary winding is positively fed back to the control electrodes through the cathodes of the active components. The whole circuitry is operated by low voltage small dry cells connected between the midpoint of the primary winding and the cathodes of the active components providing high DC output to the load.
Characterization of Courtship Sound in Drosophila

Prof. Dr. Fabio de Melo Sene Departamento de Genética FMRP-USP ABSTRACT The survival of species mediated by sexual reproduction proceeds through a simple process that consists of the mating of a male with a female, when the basic characteristics of the species are transferred to the offspring. The acceptance for mating, in the majority of the species, is defined by the female. This generates a process of sexual courtship, performed by the male, using proper artifices of its species. In the Drosophila this courtship develops by the vibration of the wings of the males, representing an important stimulation for the specific recognition and the success of the mating [1]. Diverse studies of the components of the sexual courtship have been made to demonstrate its importance in the process of the mating [2]. In order to do so it is important to analyze the factors that motivate the female to accept the sexual courtship. From the records of the sexual courtship of the male it is possible to establish a set of measures that can characterize the sound pattern. Techniques of analysis of signals are here applied to the digitized sound. The Hilbert Transform [3] (Figure 1) is used to identify parts of the sound so that the pulse interval (PI), the interpulse interval (IPI) and the size of the “Burst”, defined as in the distance a set of pulses with regular sizes can be calculated. Fourier Transform [4] is used to estimate the basic frequency and the harmonics as well as the width of band of each sound pulse and “Burst”. This set of measures, allows the association between the sound signal with the sexual courtship of one determined species. Applying statistical analysis techniques it is possible to know the variability and the behavior of each sound pattern associated to each species. This procedure is developed by estimating the mean and standard deviation of the measures, and by adjusting, or still to determine a one-dimensional Gaussians that better characterizes the behavior of each measure. Another from characterizes the measures is the calculation of the Entropy, which measures the “uncertainness” associated with the event, or, the disorder of the probability inside the set. Therefore it is possible to obtain a comprehensive characterization of the sound pattern of each species.