Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gazing on communism: Heritage tourism and post-communist identities in Germany, Hungary and Romania

This paper considers 'communist heritage' tourism (that is, the consumption of sites and sights associated with the former communist regimes) in contemporary Central and Eastern Europe. As one form of special interest tourism, this phenomenon is an illustration of the ever-diversifying tourist gaze. However, such tourism also raises wider issues concerning the relationship between tourism and the politics of identity in the region. While the former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe are seeking to construct new, post-communist identities (a process in which tourism can play a significant part), this project is frustrated by tourists' interest in the 'heritage' of communism. Through consideration of three case studies of communist heritage tourism (the Berlin Wall, Budapest's Statuepark, and Bucharest's 'House of the People') the paper examines the strategies which different countries (Germany, Hungary and Romania) have adopted to negotiate and accommodate such tourism without compromising post-communist identities. L'éssai étudie 'le tourisme de patrimoine communiste' (ca veut dire, la consommation des sites et des monuments associées avec les anciens régimes communistes) dans l'Europe Centrale et de l'Est contemporaine. Comme une forme de tourisme special, cet phénomène est une illustration du tourisme qui continue de divérsifier. Cependant, tel tourisme aussi soulève de grands problèmes de la relation entre le tourisme et la politique d'identité dans la région. Quoique les anciens pays communistes de l'Europe Centrale et de l'Est cherchent a établir de nouveaux identités après-communiste (un processus dans lequel le tourisme joue un role important), ce project est deçu par l'intéret des touristes dans le patrimoine communiste. L'article examine trois études de cas de tourisme de patrimoine communiste (le Mur de Berlin, Statue parc de Budapest, 'la Maison du peuple' Bucarest). L'éssai étudie les stratégies que les différents pays ont adoptés pour négocier et adapter tèl tourisme sans risquer les identités apres-communiste.
The Effects of Open Space on Residential Property Values

The marginal values of different open space attributes are tested using a hedonic pricing model with residential sales data from central Maryland. The identification problems that arise due to endogenous land use spillovers and unobserved spatial correlation are addressed using instrumental variables estimation with a randomly drawn subset of the data that omits nearest neighbors. Results show a premium associated with permanently preserved open space relative to developable agricultural and forested lands and support the hypothesis that open space is most valued for providing an absence of development, rather than for providing a particular bundle of open space amenities. (JEL R52)
The Role of Adolescent Attachment in Moderating and Mediating the Links Between Parent and Adolescent Psychological Symptoms

The present study examined whether adolescent attachment security and attachment-related representations moderate and mediate, respectively, the link between parent symptoms (depressive and anxiety) and adolescent depressive symptoms. Participants were 189 (118 girls) eleventh graders and their parents in a community sample. Results showed that adolescent attachment moderated the connection between parent and adolescent symptoms; in most cases attachment security was more protective if both parents were high on anxiety symptoms or if one parent was high on anxiety but the other parent was low on depressive symptoms. Mediational analyses indicated that representations of their mothers as a secure base mediated the link between maternal and adolescent depressive symptoms. Perceptions of fathers as a secure base did not play a mediating role, although paternal depressive symptoms were associated with lower perceptions of the father as a secure base. Neither parent's anxiety symptoms were related to perceptions of the parent as a secure base or to adolescent depressive symptoms.
Molecular markers to determine the ecological fate of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki

A set of DNA markers was developed that successfully identifies Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki (Btk) when screened against other Bacillus species and subspecies. These subspecies‐specific primer sets allowed detection and characterization of Btk within an environmental background that contained many Bacillus species. Because Btk is used as an active ingredient in many commercial formulations, yet is not naturally widely distributed in North America or Europe, these markers will prove useful in investigations on the environmental persistence and ecological fate of Btk.
Trends in Market Work Behavior of Women since 1940

The authors analyze the movements in work hours and employment of female employees as reported in Decennial Censuses from 1940 to 1980 and in Current Population Surveys from 1980 and 1988. Women with relatively little schooling were working fewer hours in the 1980s than in 1940; the reverse is true of well-educated women. These patterns remain when the data are disaggregated by marital status and the presence of children, and they are also little affected by controls for changes in real wages. In conjunction with results reported in the authors' parallel study on men (January 1993 ILR Review), these findings suggest that gender differences in work behavior are becoming less manifest than skill differences.
International versus Domestic Visitors: An Examination of Destination Image Perceptions

Potential tourists use various destination attributes to aid in destination image formation. Destination environmental attributes related to the actual product or site have been shown to influence destination image. These environmental attributes can be grouped into two subcategories—destination atmospherics and destination service. This study identified significant differences in the ratings of these two categories when comparing three groups of visitors to Florida: Florida (in-state) residents, U.S. domestic (non-Florida), and international. Understanding destination images that past visitors hold about a particular destination may provide useful insights into understanding existing images about that destination and can aid in the development of positioning strategies to alter or maintain these images. This study offers a first step in examining the varying perceptions visitors can hold about a destination based on their country of origin.
American Military Interests and Economic Confidence in Spain under the Franco Dictatorship

The security of property rights is fragile under dictatorships. This is particularly so if economic agents are uncertain as to whether the regime will last. As a result, private investment is withheld and economic performance is poor. Spain was in such a situation after World War II. However, as the Cold War intensified the United States became interested in Spain as a military ally, thereby helping to consolidate Franco's regime. This led to an increase in economic confidence and helps to explain why economic growth resumed in Spain ahead of significant changes in its autarkic economic policies.
Energy Efficiency and Productive Efficiency: Some Thoughts Based on American Experience

I am greatly honored to be the first recipient of the IAEE awards for contributions to the literature of energy economics and for service to the profession, and I want to express my deep apprecia- tion to the membership of the Association. The awards citation was very generous. Its reference to my early work in energy economics as having made fundamental contributions to the literature makes me less apologetic than might otherwise be the case for using this occasion to revisit (and partially update) some research that was first written up in a book published more than 20 years ago. Those findings, it seems to me, carry lessons for understanding problems that confront us today, perhaps even more so now than in the comparatively tran- quil U.S, energy setting of the mid-1950s, when my colleagues and I were originally doing the research.
Capital as a factor of production in OECD agriculture: measurement and data

This article provides a farm sector comparison of levels of capital input for fourteen OECD countries for the period 1973 to 2002. The starting point for construction of a measure of capital input is the measurement of capital stock. Estimates of depreciable capital are derived by representing capital stock at each point of time as a weighted sum of past investments. The weights correspond to the relative efficiencies of capital goods of different ages, so that the weighted components of capital stock have the same efficiency. Estimates of the stock of land are derived from balance sheet data. We convert estimates of capital stock into estimates of capital service flows by means of capital rental prices. Comparisons of levels of capital input among countries require data on relative prices of capital input. We obtain relative price levels for capital input via relative investment goods prices, taking into account the flow of capital input per unit of capital stock in each country.
Echo‐Planar Imaging of the Brain at 3.0 T: First Normal Volunteer Results

Objective To present the first echo-planar brain images of diagnostic quality obtained at 3.0 T and to point out some of the problems experienced in performing it. Materials and Methods The results presented were obtained on volunteers using an in-house designed and constructed 3.0 T EPI imager. Results The results demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining snapshot imaging comprising up to 256 × 256 pixels and corresponding to a spatial resolution of 0.75 × 0.75 mm2 with a slice thickness of 2.5 mm. Conclusion Potentially augmented diagnostic information can be obtained with high field EPI of the brain. Some susceptibility artifact is apparent at the bone-air interfaces as expected at 3.0 T.
Welcome to the Desert of Transition!: Post-Socialism, the European Union, and a New Left in the Balkans

The world’s attention has been on the political transformations in the Middle East, the wave of protests from Tel Aviv to Madrid to Wall Street, and the ongoing Greek crisis. But in the shadow of this unrest, the post-socialist Balkans have been boiling. Protests displaying for the most part social demands broke out throughout 2011 in Romania, Albania, Serbia, Macedonia and, most notably, Croatia. Post-socialist citizens today feel largely excluded from the decision-making process. Most elections have turned out to be little more than a reshuffling of the same political oligarchy with no serious differences in political programs or rhetoric. During the privatization campaigns many lost their jobs, or had labor conditions worsen and pensions evaporate, and most of the guaranteed social benefits (such as free education and health care) have progressively disappeared as well. Neoliberal reforms were portrayed as a necessary part of the EU integration process.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
A New Method To Determine the Generation of Hydroxyl Radicals in Illuminated TiO 2 Suspensions

The generation of hydroxyl ( •OH) radicals produced by irradiation of aqueous TiO 2 suspensions was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and product analysis employing a stable free nitroxide radical (3-carboxyproxyl) as a spin trap of •OH. Product analysis demonstrated that the attack of •OH on 3-carboxyproxyl produces a diamagnetic product (proxyl -NH) with a trapping efficiency of ca. 80%. It could also be shown that a small amount of the nitroxides is reduced by conducting band electrons. The rate of formation of•OH could be determined by monitoring the time dependence of the decrease in the concentration of 3-carboxyproxyl monitored by EPR spectroscopy or the time dependence of the increase in the concentration of proxyl-NH monitored by gas chromatography analysis. The rate of formation of •OH serves as a mechanistic parameter to investigate the mechanism of formation of this reactive species by the photoexcitation of TiO2. The dependence of the rate of formation of •OH was shown to be a linear function of light intensity at low intensities. It was observed that molecular oxygen, a good scavenger of conduction band electrons, only slightly influences the rate of formation of •OH and supports the production of •OH from photogenerated holes. Addition of selected anions to the photolysis mixtures results in a diminished rate of disappearance of the spin trap as the result of a competition between the spin trap and the anion for •OH. From a Stern Volmer analysis of the data, the rate constant for the reaction of hydroxyl radicals with the anions was determined.
Stock market contagion in the early stages of the global financial crisis: the experience of the GCC countries

This study examines stock market contagion from the United States to the markets of the GCC countries during the period 2007-08. These countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates) were also experiencing accelerating debt levels, overheated real estate markets, and drying up of liquidity. The main hypothesis under investigation is that the collapse of the GCC stock markets did not result purely from contagion, in the sense that these markets did not follow closely the US market during that period. It is argued that local factors were more influential in triggering the collapse and that those markets would have collapsed with or without the global financial crisis. The empirical results show rather limited evidence for the effect of U.S. stock prices on GCC stock prices and a much more important role for oil prices. However, neither of these variables alone can explain the behaviour of GCC stock prices during the period under investigation because of the role played by the domestic factors that caused bubbles and crashes.
Earnings Quality and Corporate Cash Holdings

Poor earnings quality exacerbates information asymmetry between internal and external stakeholders of a firm. Agency considerations then persuade investors to discount the value of corporate cash holdings out of concern about the inappropriate use of funds. In this study, we show that poor earnings quality has a negative impact on the value of corporate cash holdings and a positive impact on the level of cash reserves. We find that the negative effect of poor earnings quality either neutralizes or more than offsets the positive effect of excess cash on firm value. Our results are robust to several measures of earnings quality and model specifications.
Wideband bandpass filter with wide stopband based on stub-loaded resonator

In this letter, a wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with wide stopband is designed based on a novel stub-loaded resonator (SLR). The SLR features its harmonic shifting characteristic which can improve the passband bandwidth and upper stopband performances. The resonator is composed of a T-type open stub embedded with a circular patch centrally loaded in a half wavelength resonator. The circular patch is introduced to lower the first and second spurious responses of the loaded stub to extend the bandwidth and stopband. Finally, a BPF prototype with a fractional bandwidth of 50% is designed and fabricated. The expected performance is observed in the measured results. The measured stopband with the rejcetion greater than 18 dB can be extended to 4.8 f0.
Inter-hemispheric comparison of bottom-up effects on community structure: Insights revealed using the comparative-experimental approach

The comparative-experimental approach uses identically designed, replicated experiments at different sites along environmental gradients in order to gain insight into the changing dynamics of communities with changing environmental conditions. Such studies reveal how ecological processes vary in intensity and interact to produce community structure. Early emphases were on the community consequences of shifting top-down impacts, competition and disturbance with environmental stress. Recent advances include the more precise quantification of gradients and thus a better understanding of species responses to the environment, and the revelation that bottom-up forces can vary significantly on within-region scales, with major consequences for the impact of top-down forces and thus community dynamics. Here the use of the method to examine the role of geographic location (coastal ecosystems in different hemispheres) and oceanographic conditions (upwelling vs downwelling) on these bottom-up/top-down linkages is advanced. We show that a bottom-up factor (prey recruitment) and a top-down effect (predation rate) vary consistently with oceanographic conditions within each coastal ecosystem, and also between geographic locations (New Zealand, Oregon). In general, both recruitment and predation rates are higher in Oregon. It is postulated that these differences are common responses to oceanographic variation, and that between-hemisphere differences result from the stronger and more persistent upwelling in the California Current ecosystem.
Factors Associated With Breastfeeding Duration Among Connecticut Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Participants

This retrospective study aimed to identify factors associated with breastfeeding duration among women enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) of Hartford, Connecticut. The authors included mothers whose children were younger than 5 years and had stopped breastfeeding (N = 155). Women who had planned their pregnancies were twice as likely as those who did not plan them to breastfeed for more than 6 months (odds ratio, 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-4.64). One additional year of maternal age was associated with a 9% increase on the likelihood of breastfeeding for more than 6 months (odds ratio, 1.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.17). Time in the United States was inversely associated with the likelihood of breastfeeding for more than 6 months (odds ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-0.99). Return to work, sore nipples, lack of access to breast pumps, and free formula provided by WIC were identified as breastfeeding barriers. Findings can help WIC improve its breastfeeding promotion efforts. J Hum Lact. 26(3):266-273.
Overcoming Barriers to Climate Change Adaptation—A Question of Multilevel Governance?

This paper analyses the results from two surveys which were sent to all Norwegian municipalities in 2007 and gives an overview of adaptation measures undertaken by local governments. Our analyses show that municipalities have more often invested in measures related to extreme precipitation and flooding than in measures for securing buildings and infrastructure against climate change. One key factor explaining their efforts is whether they have experienced extreme events. Hence adaptation efforts are mainly reactive. With a changing climate comes a greater demand for proactive adaptation processes, as well as knowledge of how adaptation policies and measures could be implemented successfully. This paper emphasises the importance of enhancing institutional capacity in order to address the challenges of climate change adaptation at the municipal level; and asserts that a multilevel governance framework is a way of advancing proactive adaptation and overcoming the identified barriers to adaptation.
Sociotechnical alignment in the rise and evolution of a telemedicine constituency in Scotland

The adoption of telematics is proceeding at a painfully slow pace in public administrations and health authorities. This paper tells the story of the emergence and benefits of a telematic-based system in the Scottish health service: telemedicine in Edinburgh and Lothian community maternity care. It looks at the role of visions, the strategies adopted, the role of technology and the tactics implemented to get through the fragile early days, creating new balances of power and favourable conditions for sustained growth. The paper evaluates the impact of the development of a telematic-based system in the Scottish health service and identifies lessons beyond the particularity of the case of maternity care. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.
Effect of Psycho Education Program on Antipsychotic Drug Compliance

Background: Compliance with anti-psychotic medication remains a challenge for the client, family and healthcare providers due to interfering metabolic side effects specially type 2 diabetes mellitus.Due to the lack of awareness about the importance of adhering with antipsychotic medication , and the consequence of noncompliance many patients tend to neglect the antipsychotics for the fear of gaining weight and becoming diabetic, and return to the hospital with exacerbating psychotic symptoms. This makes the patients to be secluded in the mental hospitals for a fair period of lifetime, due to relapse of their psychotic symptoms. Here arise the need for a psychoeducation program for educating the patients and their family members regarding strategies of maintaining both antipsychotics and hypoglycemic agents. Objectives: To compare the compliance status before and after the introduction of psychoeducation program in experimental group I and control group I, To compare the compliance and diabetic status before and after the introduction of psychoeducation program in experimental group II and control group II and To assess the association between the pretest compliance status and selected baseline data of both group 1 and group II. Setting: A selected hospital in Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Method: A quasi experimental design with comparative approach was used, Group I (clients using both antipsychotics and hypoglycemic agents) and group II (clients using only antipsychotics) were compared among themselves with their experimental and control group counterparts. Findings: The findings have shown that there is significant increase in the posttest compliance status of experimental group I and II after psychoeducation program. There is also significant association between the pretest compliance scores and the religion, family income, occupation, monthly expenditure for medicine of the subjects. Conclusion: Patient education services are an integral part of high-quality, cost-effective care. So Nurses may use the study findings to improve the compliance of patients to their antipsychotics by managing its side effects appropriately in their respective areas.
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT

The subject of employee involvement (El) has become much more central to debates about industrial relations and personnel management over the course of the last decade. Employers, confronted by increasingly competitive product markets and a greater emphasis on quality and customer care, have started to focus attention much more explicitly on attempts to develop and motivate employees, as well as aiming to draw more fully upon employee knowledge and talents. At the same time, developments within the EC — especially via the Social Charter — have caused British employers to think more carefully about how to involve employees at work. Amongst the academic community, the subject has also undergone a renaissance, with researchers questioning whether EI is really new, whether it is little more than a facade for u itarist management, or how it interrelates with human resource management or the “new industrial relations”. It is within such a context that our study of employee involvement was commissioned by the Department of Employment and commenced in the summer of 1989.