Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A service evaluation to examine the effectiveness of chronic pain management programmes delivered using video conferencing technology compared to in-person

Introduction The Covid-19 pandemic required rapid substitution of in-person Pain Management Programmes (PMP) delivery with delivery via videoconferencing technologies (VCT). No prior published VCT-PMP effectiveness findings were found, so an evaluation was conducted to explore effectiveness of this method and to compare psychometric outcomes with pre-pandemic, in-person- PMPs, delivered in routine clinical settings. Methods Participants were routinely attending PMPs. A consecutive series of six in-person-PMPs (n = 61) immediately prior to the pandemic were compared with the first series of six VCT-PMPs (n = 64) delivered in the same services. A within-subjects comparison of clinical outcomes (pre-post for VCT-PMP and in-person PMP) and a between-subjects comparison of delivery type was conducted (two-way mixed ANOVA). Reliable change indices examined reliable improvements and deteriorations by delivery type. Results Both PMP delivery format groups made significant improvements in anxiety, depression, pain self-efficacy, chronic pain acceptance and pain catastrophising. No significant difference was found between VCT-PMP and in-person-PMP on each of the measures. Reliable change indices indicated similar levels of improvement and deterioration with each delivery format with improvements far outweighing deteriorations. Attrition was greater in the VCT format (33%) versus in-person-PMP (18%). Conclusion This study indicates that meaningful change as measured by standard psychometric questionnaires can occur in PMPs delivered via VCT and appear broadly equivalent to that achieved through in-person delivery. Physical performance outcomes such as quality and amount of movement were not measured or explored.
Formulation of Nutrient Enriched Cookies from Chia (Salvia hispanica L) Seeds - A Pilot Study

Bakery products are most popular segments of food processing industry and can be easily enriched with nutrients and fortify to meet the nutritional requirements. Hence, this study was aimed to investigate the formulation and fortification of nutrient enriched cookies from chia (Salvia hispanica L) seeds. In this study, the cookies were prepared and standardized with 30, 20 and 10 % of Chia seeds. The nutrimental and DPPH antioxidant properties of cookies were identified using stranded methodology. The results of the present study indicated that 30% Chia seeds have high nutrient value and content of the nutrient value is 21.76g, 39.91 and 7.2 in carbohydrates, protein and lipid, respectively and free radical scavenging activity was highest inhibition activity in 30% chia seeds (52.06%) at 500 ug/ml concentration. This study indicated that the enriched cookies (30% chia seeds) have more functional components and effective antioxidant capacity. Their supplementation could provide the consumers a novel cereal based product with health promoting benefits
The Application of 3D Imaging as an Appropriate Method of Wildlife Craniometry: Evaluation of Accuracy and Measurement Efficiency

Simple Summary Modern 3D imaging methods offer many scientific disciplines the opportunity to take their results to the next level. Using standard measurement methods, a CT scanner and a 3D scanner, we have established a methodology for using these devices for craniometric measurements. Craniometry is an important means of obtaining information on population quality and its long-term evolution, not only in wildlife species. In the case of these measurements, an important aspect is the accuracy and time efficiency of the methods used. It has been shown that 3D imaging technologies are able to obtain high quality data in comparable time to standard methods. A comparison of methods has proven that both the CT scanner and the 3D scanner can achieve accurate values, measure a larger range of variables, and store digital copies of the object for archiving or future research. Abstract The suitability of CT and 3D scanners for craniometric proposes was tested using digital calipers when determining linear measurements, and a measuring cylinder was used for the accuracy of 3D printing of deer antlers obtained by the CT and 3D scanners. The resolution of digitized objects from a 3D scanner ranged from 0.008 mm to 0.122 mm. For mandibular dimensions, a positive deviation (p < 0.01) from the primary control measurement was recorded. The average antler volume measured with the cylinder was 60.47 cm3 at the first measurement, in the case of the CT scanner 61.62 cm3 and for the 3D scanner 64.76 cm3—both technologies exhibit a positive deviation from the primary measurement. Precise sensing and measurements can be used to evaluate the quality and evolution of wildlife populations, create digital museum collections, or to examine in detail certain traits such as antler and horn development or dentition.
SELF-ENERGY REVISION OPERATOR THEORY FOR THE MANY-BODY PROBLEM: APPLICATION TO DYNAMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE ELECTRON GAS

An approximation scheme is proposed for implementing the algorithm to obtain the exact self-energy in the many-body problem [Phys. Rev.B52, 12708 (1995)]. This scheme relates the self-energy revision operator ℱ, the key quantity in the algorithm, with fxc(q,ω) the frequency-dependent exchange-correlation kernel appearing in the time-dependent density functional theory. We illustrate this scheme by applying it to the calculation of dynamic properties of the electron gas at metallic densities.
Design of an explicit constrained predictive sliding mode controller

This article presents a generalised predictive controller with improved performance and robustness by means of a reaching law to force a pseudosliding dynamic behaviour. This work has been motivated first by the existence of many industrial non-linear processes that can be well approximated by first-order plus dead time models. Thus, an explicit control law can be obtained, which overcomes some of the disadvantages of traditional sliding mode control and generalised predictive control strategies. Moreover, the necessity of providing the operators with useful values for a controller first tuning computed from the modelled pole and delay is also satisfied. Some simulation examples show the good characteristics of the proposed controller, coping with modelling errors, constraints on the control variable and on the manipulated variable, and time-varying delays.
A New Formula for the Energy of Bulk Superconductivity

Abstract The energy of a type $\text{II}$ superconductor submitted to an external magnetic field of intensity close to the second critical field is given by the celebrated Abrikosov energy. If the external magnetic field is comparable to and below the second critical field, the energy is given by a reference function obtained as a special (thermodynamic) limit of a non-linear energy. In this note, we give a new formula for this reference energy. In particular, we obtain it as a special limit of a linear energy defined over configurations normalized in the ${{L}^{4}}$ -norm.
An algorithm for the Buckley–James estimator with interval-censored data

The Buckley–James estimator (BJE) [J. Buckley and I. James, Linear regression with censored data, Biometrika 66 (1979), pp. 429–436] has been extended from right-censored (RC) data to interval-censored (IC) data by Rabinowitz et al. [D. Rabinowitz, A. Tsiatis, and J. Aragon, Regression with interval-censored data, Biometrika 82 (1995), pp. 501–513]. The BJE is defined to be a zero-crossing of a modified score function H(b), a point at which H(·) changes its sign. We discuss several approaches (for finding a BJE with IC data) which are extensions of the existing algorithms for RC data. However, these extensions may not be appropriate for some data, in particular, they are not appropriate for a cancer data set that we are analysing. In this note, we present a feasible iterative algorithm for obtaining a BJE. We apply the method to our data.
Time-dependent weak rate of convergence for functions of generalized bounded variation

Abstract Let W denote the Brownian motion. For any exponentially bounded Borel function g the function u defined by is the stochastic solution of the backward heat equation with terminal condition g. Let denote the corresponding approximation generated by a simple symmetric random walk with time steps and space steps where For a class of terminal functions g having bounded variation on compact intervals, the rate of convergence of to u(t, x) is considered, and also the behavior of the error as t tends to T.
Asymptotic analysis of the linear Boltzmann equation

The stiff boundary value problem for the time-independent linear Boltzmann equation is considered in the variational formulation in terms of the coercive symmetric bilinear form. It is shown that it is asymptotically equivalent to the related variational diffusion problem when the stiffness parameter tends to zero. Higher order perturbations are also discussed.
Semi-Stochastic Frank-Wolfe Algorithms with Away-Steps for Block-Coordinate Structure Problems

We propose a semi-stochastic Frank-Wolfe algorithm with away-steps for regularized empirical risk minimization and extend it to problems with block-coordinate structure. Our algorithms use adaptive step-size and we show that they converge linearly in expectation. The proposed algorithms can be applied to many important problems in statistics and machine learning including regularized generalized linear models, support vector machines and many others. In preliminary numerical tests on structural SVM and graph-guided fused LASSO, our algorithms outperform other competing algorithms in both iteration cost and total number of data passes.
CERTIFIABLE NUMERICAL COMPUTATIONS IN SCHUBERT CALCULUS

Traditional formulations of geometric problems from the Schubert calculus, either in Plucker coordinates or in local coordinates provided by Schubert cells, yield systems of polynomials that are typically far from complete intersections and (in local coordinates) typically of degree exceeding two. We present an alternative primal-dual formulation using parametrizations of Schubert cells in the dual Grassmannians in which intersections of Schubert varieties become complete intersections of bilinear equations. This formulation enables the numerical certification of problems in the Schubert calculus. Numerical nonlinear algebra provides algorithms that certify numerically computed solutions to a system of polynomial equations, provided that the system is square—the number of equations is equal to the number of variables. To use these algorithms for certifying results obtained through numerical computation in algebraic geometry requires that we use equations which exhibit our varieties as complete intersections. While varieties are rarely global complete intersections, it suffices to have a local formulation in the folowing sense: The variety has an open dense set which our equations exhibit as a complete intersection in some affine space. Here, we use a primal-dual formulation of Schubert varieties to formulate all problems in Schubert calculus on a Grassmannian as complete intersections, and indicate how this extends to all classical flag manifolds. The Schubert calculus of enumerative geometry has come to mean all problems which in- volve determining the linear subspaces of a vector space that have specified positions with respect to other fixed, but general, linear subspaces. It originated in work of Schubert (20) and others to solve geometric problems and was systemized in the 1880's (21, 22, 23). Most work has been concerned with understanding the number of solutions to problems in the Schubert calculus, particularly finding (15), proving (24, 30), and generalizing the Littlewood-Richardson rule. As a rich and well-understood class of geometric problems, the Schubert calculus is a laboratory for the systematic study of new phenomena in enu- merative geometry (28). This study requires that Schubert problems be modeled and solved on a computer. Symbolic methods, based on Grobner bases and elimination theory, are well-understood and quite general. They are readily applied to solving Schubert problems—their use was
Estimation of the concentration parameter in von Mises–Fisher distributions

SUMMARY Using sufficiency arguments it is proposed to estimate the concentration parameter, K, in the d-dimensional von Mises-Fisher distribution on the basis of the marginal distribution of the resultant length only. Distributional properties of the estimate are given. The analogue to the Neyman-Scott example of inconsistency is considered for the von Mises-Fisher distribution, and again an estimate based on the marginal distribution of the resultant lengths is proposed and discussed.
Anomalies, entropy, and boundaries

A relation between the conformal anomaly and the logarithmic term in the entanglement entropy is known to exist for CFT's in even dimensions. In odd dimensions the local anomaly and the logarithmic term in the entropy are absent. As was observed recently, there exists a non-trivial integrated anomaly if an odd-dimensional spacetime has boundaries. We show that, similarly, there exists a logarithmic term in the entanglement entropy when the entangling surface crosses the boundary of spacetime. The relation of the entanglement entropy to the integrated conformal anomaly is elaborated for three-dimensional theories. Distributional properties of intrinsic and extrinsic geometries of the boundary in the presence of conical singularities in the bulk are established. This allows one to find contributions to the entropy that depend on the relative angle between the boundary and the entangling surface.
Tensor network methods for invariant theory

Invariant theory is concerned with functions that do not change under the action of a given group. Here we communicate an approach based on tensor networks to represent polynomial local unitary invariants of quantum states. This graphical approach provides an alternative to the polynomial equations that describe invariants, which often contain a large number of terms with coefficients raised to high powers. This approach also enables one to use known methods from tensor network theory (such as the matrix product state (MPS) factorization) when studying polynomial invariants. As our main example, we consider invariants of MPSs. We generate a family of tensor contractions resulting in a complete set of local unitary invariants that can be used to express the Rényi entropies. We find that the graphical approach to representing invariants can provide structural insight into the invariants being contracted, as well as an alternative, and sometimes much simpler, means to study polynomial invariants of quantum states. In addition, many tensor network methods, such as MPSs, contain excellent tools that can be applied in the study of invariants.
A Compact, Low-Power, Low-NF, Millimeter-Wave Cascode LNA With Magnetic Coupling Feedback in 22-nm FD-SOI CMOS for 5G Applications

This brief presents a 2-stage, low-power, millimeter-wave (mm-wave) LNA that aims at first to reduce its passive area through a transformer formed with inductors between the gate and source sides of the input transistor in a source-degenerated cascode. While reducing the passive area, the introduced transformer creates a magnetic feedback that further reduces the LNA’s noise figure (NF). We provide a theoretical analysis of this feedback-based noise reduction method and validate it with simulations and experimental results. The LNA has been fabricated in 22-nm FD-SOI CMOS and has a core area of only 0.09 mm2. The measurement results show that this design achieves a minimum 2.1 dB NF and a maximum 23.1 dB gain between 23.7–28.5 GHz at a power dissipation of only 5.6 mW from a 0.6V supply. Furthermore, despite using only a 0.6V supply voltage, IIP3 can still reach −16.5 dBm at 28 GHz. Targeting mm-wave 5G applications, the presented LNA is among the best-in-class with a sub-1V supply voltage.
Evaluation of a 3-d bOunded Defect in the Wall of a Metal Tube At Eddy Current Frequencies: the Direct Problem

Effective eddy current nondestructive evaluation of metal tubes requires accurate modeling of the fields observed in known configurations in order to understand the behavior of such fields when a defect is present, to test inversion algorithms from synthetic data, and to appraise the output of these algorithms in real cases. Here we restrict ourselves to the interaction between a non-magnetic probe displaced along a straight part of the tube when a 3-D bounded defect is found nearby in the tube wall also assumed to be non-magnetic. Modeling of the anomalous fields at a given frequency and of the variations of impedance of the probe is carried out from an exact vector domain integral formulation of the eddy current phenomenon. This formulation results from the application of the Green's theorem to the wave equations and provides the sources induced in the defect volume, from which the variation of impedance follows by application of the reciprocity theorem. All depolarization effects in the flawed region are accounted for. This formulation is handled by a conjugate-gradient FFT-based Method of Moments. Difficulties met when carrying out the integrals involving the dyadic Green's function of the tubular structure are overcome by singularity extraction and the use of the nonlinear accelerating Shanks' transform. Results of numerical simulations for an axisymmetric'probe and typical defects illustrate the effectiveness of the approach, while consequences of neglecting depolarization effect are discussed. These results are compared to those obtained by a localized nonlinear approximation and by the Born approximation, which have the advantage to bypass in part or altogether the calculation of the field inside the defect volume, and to experimental data acquired from calibration tubes.
A single-sensor PV system featuring an innovative auto-adjustment variable step-size MPPT method

This paper proposes a new maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method by introducing an auto-adjustment variable step-size algorithm that uses only a single sensor. This novel scheme solves the problem encountered by traditional variable step-size methods, which require an additional calculation of the constant value. The naturally varying trend of the proposed function in this paper is applied to serve as the auto-adjustment variable step size in the MPPT algorithm, thereby enabling the system to provide reliable transient and steady-state responses even during sharp weather changes. Furthermore, the proposed new MPPT method can also be applied in the presence of a partial shadow condition. The digital signal processor handles the feedback value and directs the PWM signal to drive the switch of the converter. The simulation and experimental results verify the reliable transient and steady-state performance of the PV system with the proposed method.
Crossed Products and MF algebras

We prove that the crossed product AxG of a unital finitely generated MF algebra A by a discrete finitely generated amenable residually finite group G is an MF algebra, provided that the action is almost periodic. This generalizes a result of Hadwin and Shen. We also construct two examples of crossed product C*-algebras whose BDF Ext semigroups are not groups.
A $L^\infty$ bound for the Cahn--Hilliard equation with relaxed non-smooth free energy

Phase field models are widely used to describe multiphase systems. Here a smooth indicator function, called phase field, is used to describe the spatial distribution of the phases under investigation. Material properties like density or viscosity are introduced as given functions of the phase field. These parameters typically have physical bounds to fulfil, e.g. positivity of the density. To guarantee these properties, uniform bounds on the phase field are of interest. In this work we derive a uniform bound on the solution of the Cahn--Hilliard system, where we use the double-obstacle free energy, that is relaxed by Moreau--Yosida relaxation.
Impact of environmental, social, governance, and corporate social responsibility factors on firm’s marketing expenses and firm value: A panel study of US companies

Abstract During recent times of uncertainty, sustainable marketing and sustainable finance became hot research topics attracting both academics and practitioners. Although centering marketing efforts around the firm’s Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies allow for creating a superior image and increasing brand value, the incorporation of ESG/CSR activities might seem to be costly and have been claimed to not provide direct marketing benefits. This study aims to explore the impact of firms’ ESG/CSR engagement on marketing expenses and firms’ market value to provide a strategic rationale for firms to undertake ESG/CSR activities to position their companies distinctly in the marketplace accordingly. The study employs a panel regression to analyze the impact of ESG and CSR commitments on a firm’s marketing expenses in a sample of S&P 500 firms in the United States. The results indicate that the firms with higher CSR engagement spend proportionately lesser on their marketing expenses and entertain a higher market value. The results also suggest that the firm’s board size, board diversity, and social engagement considerably enhance the firm’s market value. The results indicate that focusing on firms’ environmental responsibility alone does not sufficiently contribute to enhancing the value of the firm, stakeholders are rather more concerned about the firm’s societal engagement which must, therefore, be overtly communicated and reported.
Surface stress-induced deflection of a microcantilever with various widths and overall microcantilever sensitivity enhancement via geometry modification

The issues of surface stress-induced deflection of a microcantilever with various widths and overall microcantilever sensitivity enhancement of microcantilever-based biosensors are investigated in this paper. A remarkably precise and simple analytical formula for calculating surface stress-induced deflection of a microcantilever with various widths is deduced. Particularly, the effect of surface stress on the location of the microcantilever's neutral axis is considered. This explicit analytical formula is validated by the finite element method simulation. An analytical equation for computing the fundamental resonant frequency of a microcantilever with various widths is also derived. This paper explores the deflections and resonant frequencies of the microcantilevers having basic and modified shapes. It is found that minimizing the effective mass near the microcantilever's free end and the clamping width at the fixed end significantly enhances the overall microcantilever sensitivity. A novel microcantilever, which is expected to have much more excellent performance and overall sensitivity than the simple rectangular-shaped microcantilever, is proposed as sensor element in biological detection.
Size-independent spin switching field using synthetic antiferromagnets

The arrays of the synthetic antiferromagnetic (SyAF) patterned bits consisting of Co90Fe10 (t1nm)/Ru (d nm)/Co90Fe10 (t2 nm) were successfully fabricated with micron to submicron sizes and different aspect ratios. Magnetization switching field Hsw and magnetic domain structure were investigated using magneto-optical Kerr effect and magnetic force microscopy (MFM), respectively. It was demonstrated that the strongly AF-coupled SyAF with aspect ratio k=1 creates size-independent Hsw down to submicron sizes fabricated, which is understood by zero demagnetization field for k=1 and single domain structure, observed by MFM. The size-independent switching field demonstrates the predominance of the SyAF for spintronics devices, requiring a low switching field and stabilized single domain structure for small bit sizes such as ultrahigh density magnetic random access memories and spin transistors.