Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A step-wise guide to performing survival analysis

Survival analysis refers to statistical techniques which have been designed to circumvent the issues arising out of incomplete information regarding the time until which a desired event or endpoint occurs. The reasons for this may be manifold, for example, lost to follow-up, dropouts from the study, lack of sufficient research budget, and short follow-up period. It is one of the common but complicated analysis done in trials. The current article provides a step-wise guide toward understanding survival functions and performing it.
Towards implementation of a formation flying for efficient UAV operations

Abstract A flight of a UAV formation is an efficient way to implement surveillance and reconnaissance operations. The usage of a few UAVs as a formation instead of a single vehicle allows creating a distributed network of sensors, which decreases the duration of flight missions and enlarges a total field of view. From a practical point of view, implementations of formation flights require taking into account several separate aspects of flight of UAV such as a quick take-off of several aircraft, aggregating all UAVs in the same space to create swarm and collective flight of the formation towards the area of a surveillance mission. The paper presents the results of researches and experiments carried out towards practical solutions to those aspects. A magnetic launcher is an excellent appliance to put UAV in the air, and its operation could be repeated quickly. Hence, it is ideal to be used in a formation flight. The leader-follower approach based on two-stage switching control is an effective method to aggregate UAVs in the same space while they are flying over large areas. Whereas, the decentralized control of aerial flocking can be used to achieve a coherent flight of UAV formation, which is able to self-organize. Results from simulations and experiments show the effectiveness of each presented aspect and prove their usability in the implementation of formation flights.
Molecular phylogeny and morphology of four Ramularia species from Iran along with a checklist of ramularia-like taxa

The genus Ramularia includes important plant pathogens with worldwide distribution, commonly associated with leaf spot diseases on a broad range of plant hosts. Although these fungi are common in Iran, most of the species found to date have been identified on the basis of morphological characteristics, and DNA data are available for limited number of them. During our investigation of fungi associated with leaf spot diseases in north and northwest of Iran, Ramularia isolates were recovered from leaves with leaf spots on different herbaceous and woody plants in the Asteraceae, Apiaceae, and Vitaceae families. Based on sequence data of five genomic loci (ITS, actA, tef1, rpb2 and gapdh), host, cultural and morphological data; four species including R. cynarae on Cirsium arvense,R. heraclei on Heracleum sp. ,R. hydrangeae-macrophyllae on Vitis vinifera,and R. inaequalis on Taraxacum campylodes, were identified. Ramularia hydrangeae-macrophyllae represents a new record for the mycobiota of Iran as well as Asia, and V. vinifera is a new host for this species in the world. Moreover, C. arvense and T. campylodes are new hosts for R. cynarae and R. inaequalis in Iran,respectively. Additionally, a comprehensive literature-based checklist for 50 ramularia-like species known to occur on different plant species in Iran was provided. The complete annotated list covers 41 Ramularia species, two Cercosporella, two Neoovularia, two Neoramularia,one Microcyclosporella, one Neopseudocercosporella, and one Ramulariopsis.
Association between physical fitness and body composition with blood pressure in night school students in Brazil

Aim: To compare levels of physical fitness and body composition according to the cardiovascular risk group in blood pressure for each gender among evening students. Methods: The sample consisted of 186 students (121 males) attending a night school in southern Brazil, aged between 15 and 30 years (mean:17.51 ± 3.62 years in males and 17.74 ± 2.71 years in females), without a diagnosis of hypertension and no limitations for performing physical fitness tests. Data on strength were collected through the sit-up test
Comparison of Time to Intubation of a Double-Lumen Endobronchial Tube Utilizing C-MAC® Versus GlideScope® Versus Macintosh Blade: A Randomized Crossover Manikin Study

Background: Macintosh blade direct laryngoscopy is widely used for endotracheal intubation. It may, however, provide an incomplete view of the glottis in patients with challenging airway anatomy. Consequently, various video laryngoscopes have been developed to enhance the visualization of the glottis and facilitate intubation. Yet, the effectiveness of these video laryngoscopes for intubation using a double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLT), which is longer, larger, and more rigid and has a linear configuration as opposed to the naturally semicircular curvature of a single-lumen endotracheal tube, remains uncertain. We hypothesized that video laryngoscopes would be more efficient for DLT intubation compared to the Macintosh blade in an adult manikin. Methods: Ninety-four anesthesia providers, comprising 67 residents, 15 fellows, and 12 attendings, attempted to intubate an adult manikin with normal airway anatomy (Laerdal, Wappingers Falls, NY, USA) using a 37 Fr left-sided DLT. Three different intubation devices were used: the C-MAC® video laryngoscope (Karl Storz GmbH & Co. KG, Tuttlingen, Germany), the GlideScope® video laryngoscope (Verathon Inc., Bothell, WA), and the Macintosh blade direct laryngoscope-were used. Each participant intubated a manikin once with each of the three devices. Participants were randomized via a crossover design with the order of devices determined by using a Latin square design. Time to intubation and the number of failed intubations (esophageal intubation) were compared across the three different devices. Results: Mean times to intubation for the C-MAC®, GlideScope®, and Macintosh blades were 18.57 ± 0.77, 36.26 ± 2.69, and 20.76 ± 0.96 seconds, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.001) between the GlideScope® and the other two laryngoscopes. The times for C-MAC® and Macintosh blades were not significantly different. There were two instances of first-attempt failed intubation with the Macintosh. Conclusion: Both the C-MAC® and the Macintosh blades proved more efficient in terms of time to DLT intubation in the manikin with normal airway anatomy, when compared to the GlideScope®. Considering the occurrence of first-attempt failed intubation, the C-MAC® was the most effective device among the three laryngoscopes for timely successful DLT intubation in the adult manikin. Further studies are needed to confirm these results in human subjects.
Prevalence of Self-care Practices among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and its Effect on Glycemic Control: A Cross-sectional Study in Secondary and Tertiary Health-care Centers in Lucknow

Background: Globally, prevalence of diabetes is 10.5%, and in 2019, approximately 463 million adults were living with diabetes by 2045; this will increase to 700 million (10.9%). India is a diabetic capital of world, prevalence of diabetes in India is 8.3%. Aim: This study aimed to assess self-care practices (SCPs) among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, its predictors, and effect of SCP on glycemic control. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted among 300 known T2DM patients in the age group of 18–60 years attending noncommunicable diseases clinic at Secondary and Tertiary Care Hospitals of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, selected using two-stage purposive sampling method. Data were collected using a predesigned and pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Data were collected from consenting respondents on the sociodemographic profile (about their residence, gender, marital status, type of family, educational status, family income, employment status, etc.). SCP was assessed using Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Among 300 patients with a mean age 50 ± 8.9 years, the prevalence of good SCPs was 37%. Out of 189 T2DM patients with poor SCPs, 66.4% had uncontrolled blood sugar level (285.4 ± 67 mg/dL). Out of 73 T2DM patients with poor SCPs, 65.7% had uncontrolled glycated hemoglobin level (8.4% ± 2%), and this was statistically significant. Conclusion: The practice of self-care was found to be suboptimal among patients with T2DM in the study.
Study on evapotranspiration of winter wheat using SPAC model

Based on the simulation results of water and heat transfer in winter wheat field with soil\|plant\|atmosphere continuum(SPAC) model, the empirical formula for estimating crop evapotranspiration from the reference evapotranspiration and soil water storage between soil surface to 1m below is established. The empirical formula and SPAC model simulation are in good agreement under different irrigation treatments and different groundwater depths in winter wheat growing period from greening to mature.
What is the structuring role of biotic interactions in explaining distribution and zonation patterns on West European sandy beaches

1 Ghent University, Biology Department, Marine Biology Section, Krijgslaan 281, Building S8, 9000 Gent, Belgium 2 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Management Unit of the Mathematical Model of the North Sea, Marine Ecosystem Management Section, Gulledelle 100, 1200 Brussels, Belgium 3 Universite de Lille1 Sciences et Technologies, Laboratoire d'Oceanologie et de Geosciences, UMR CNRS 8187 LOG, Station Marine de Wimereux, avenue Foch 28, 62930 Wimereux, France 4 Universidad de Vigo, Departamento Ecologia y Biologia Animal, As Lagoas-Marcosende 36310, Vigo, Spain 5 VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Systems Ecology, De Boelelaan 1085-1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands 6 Greenpeace e.V. , Grose Elbstr. 39, 22767 Hamburg, Germany
Field-derived phosphorus accumulation rates and fractionation in bioretention cells

In this study, we evaluated the processes affecting phosphorus (P) in bioretention cells. First, we estimated the accumulation rates of P using field samples collected over 9 years at two depths of a bioretention cell. Second, we conducted sequential soil extractions to investigate the fractions of P in vertically-and longitudinally-distributed samples. The accumulation rates were higher at the top than in the core of the bioretention media and ranged from 4 to 80 mgP kg -1 yr -1 . The accumulation trends were linear with time, thus indicating that the bioretention cell was not saturated with P yet. The sequential extractions allowed to associate P with 6 main fractions of organic or inorganic origins. This analysis showed that redox-sensitive P and organic matter-associated P (organic P, humic-bound P, and exchangeable P) fractions best represented total P variation in the system.
The Profiling of 179 miRNA Expression in Serum from Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Patients and Healthy Controls

Limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a group of genetically inherited neuromuscular diseases with a very variable clinical presentation and overlapping traits. Over the last few years there has been an increasing interest in the use of non-invasive circulating biomarkers to monitor disease progression and to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic approaches. Our aim was to identify the miRNA signature with potential value for LGMD patient screening and stratification. Using miRCURY LNA miRNA qPCR Serum/Plasma Panel, we analyzed 179 miRNAs from 16 patients, divided in four pools based on their genetic diagnosis, and from healthy controls. The miRNAs analysis showed a total of 107 dysregulated miRNAs in LGMD patients when compared to the healthy controls. After filtering via skeletal tissue expression and gene/pathways target analysis, the number of dysregulated miRNAs drastically reduced. Six selected miRNAs—let-7f-5p (in LGMDR1), miR-20a-5p (in LGMDR2), miR-130b-5p, miR-378a-5p (both in LGMDR3), miR-376c-3p and miR-382-5p (both in LGMDR4)—whose expression was significantly lower compared to controls in the different LGMD pools, were further investigated. The bioinformatic analysis of the target genes in each selected miRNA revealed ECM–receptor interaction and TGF-beta signaling as the most involved pathways. The correlation analysis showed a good correlation of let-7f-5p with fibrosis and with the cross sectional area of type I and type II fibers, while miR-130b-5p showed a good correlation with the age of onset of the disease. The receiver operating characteristic curves showed how single miRNAs were able to discriminate a specific group of LGMD patients and how the combination of six miRNAs was able to discriminate LGMD patients from controls.
Anthropological Description of Skeletal Material from the Dniester Barrowcemetery Complex, Yampil Region, Vinnitsa Oblast (Ukraine)

Abstract Anthropological examinations were performed on skeletal material from four barrow necropolises located in the Yampil Region (Ukraine) and dated to the Eneolithic, Bronze Age and Iron Age. The purpose of the examinations was the determination of sex and age at death of individuals, reconstruction of their stature and assessment of their status of health. The examinations covered 61 individuals: 17 children and 44 adults. Their health status was assessed using four common indicators: linear enamel hypoplasia, cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis and dental caries.
The Pepper Weevil and Its Management

(Figure 1), is a severe insect pest of sweet and hot varieties of pepper, Capsicum spp. , in the southern United States, Mexico, Central America, Hawaii and several Caribbean islands. Adult pepper weevils feed on fruit and leaf buds and lay eggs on flowers, buds and fruit. Larvae (grubs) feed inside pepper pods. This causes premature fruit drop and can result in significant crop losses of up to 50 percent (Figure 2). Often, entire pepper fields must be plowed under because too few fruit are left to harvest, and the infestation poses a threat to later pepper plantings. Up to 90 percent fruit loss has been measured in experimental plots infested early in the season and left untreated. Additionally, even
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CLOVE ESSENTIAL OIL AND EUGENOL AGAINST FISH PATHOGENIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM CULTURED OLIVE FLOUNDER (PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS)

The antibacterial activity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oil (CEO) and eugenol was tested against seven Gram-negative and nine Gram-positive fish pathogenic bacteria isolated from cultured olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in Korea. Eugenol was >99% concentrated and CEO consisted of seven chemical compounds including 83.63% of eugenol. Disk diffusion assay, MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) tests showed CEO and eugenol inhibited the growth of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. CEO (MBC/MIC= 1-2) and eugenol (MBC/MIC= 1-4) were bactericidal for all tested strains. The percentage of relative inhibition zone diameter exhibited high values at higher concentration of both CEO and eugenol. Positive correlation was observed between MAR index values and MIC values of CEO (r =0.61) and eugenol (r =0.15). Since antibacterial activity of CEO and eugenol were effective against fish pathogenic bacteria, the use of CEO and eugenol could be advantageous to treat bacterial infections in aquaculture. Key words: antibacterial activity; clove essential oil (CEO); eugenol; fish pathogenic bacteria; olive flounder PROTIBAKTERIJSKA AKTIVNOST ETERICNEGA OLJA NAGELJNOVIH ŽBIC IN EVGENOLA PROTI PATOGENIM BAKTERIJAM RIB, IZOLIRANIH IZ GOJENEGA MORSKEGA LISTA ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) Protibakterijsko delovanje etericnega olja nageljnovih žbic (Syzygium aromaticum) (CEO) in evgenola je bilo testirano pri sedmih vrstah po Gramu negativnih in devetih vrstah po Gramu pozitivnih patogenih bakterij, ki so bile izolirane iz gojenega morskega lista (Paralichthys olivaceus) v Južni Koreji. Evgenol je bil 99-odstotno koncentriran, CEO pa je sestavljalo sedem kemicnih spojin, med njimi je bilo najvec evgenola, ki je predstavljal 83,odstotka etericnega olja. Metoda difuzije v trdem gojiscu, minimalna zaviralna koncentracija (MIC) in minimalna baktericidna koncentracija (MBC) so pokazale, da sta CEO in evgenol zavirala rast tako po Gramu negativnih kot po Gramu pozitivnih bakterij. CEO (MBC/MIC = 1-2) in evgenol (MBC/MIC = 1-4) sta bila baktericidna za vse testirane seve. Odstotek velikosti relativne zaviralne cone je bil visok pri visji koncentraciji CEO in evgenola. Pozitivna soodvisnost je bila opažena med vrednostmi indeksa MAR in vrednostmi MIC pri CEO (r = 0,61) in evgenolu (r = 0,15). Ker sta CEO in evgenol pokazala ucinkovito delovanje proti patogenim bakterijam rib, bi bila uporaba CEO in evgenola lahko uporabna za zdravljenje bakterijskih okužb v ribogojnistvu. Kljucne besede: antibakterijsko delovanje; etericno olje klinckov (CEO); evgenol; patogene bakterije rib; morski list
A Model of Hourly Variations of the Near‐Earth Magnetic Field Generated in the Inner Magnetosphere and Its Induced Counterpart

We present a new model of the near‐Earth magnetospheric field produced by electric currents in the inner magnetosphere and the associated induced magnetic field. The model is designed to track hourly variations of these fields and accounts for their local time asymmetries. It is built by applying spherical harmonic analysis to vector measurements from the ground observatory network at low and mid‐latitudes. The primary and induced fields are separated with an approach in the time domain that uses a a priori radially‐symmetric electric conductivity model of the Earth. The model coefficients are computed at one‐hour time steps between 1997 and 2022. This model is shown to be consistent to within a few nT with previously developed indices which track the magnetospheric ring current. It is also validated against data from the Swarm, CHAMP and Øersted satellites. The fit to satellite data is comparable to that of the CHAOS‐7.15 model for geomagnetically quiet times, and improved by up to 20% on some components for geomagnetically moderate and active times. We attribute these differences mostly to a better representation of local time asymmetries, both on average and during individual geomagnetic storms. This model can be used in various applications, such as investigating the properties of the magnetospheric field and its sources and separating the magnetospheric field from the fields of other sources in geomagnetic field modeling.
Specific Disruption of Established P. aeruginosa Biofilms Using Polymer-Attacking Enzymes

Biofilms are communities of bacteria embedded in an extracellular matrix of self-produced polymeric substances. This polymer matrix lends the bacteria protection against a wide array of chemical and mechanical stresses that they may experience in their environment, which might be a location in the human body in the case of a biofilm infection, or a surface immersed in fluid in an industrial setting. Breaking down the matrix network renders biofilms more susceptible to physical disruption and to treatments. Different species of bacteria, and different strains within the same species, produce different types of matrix polymers – this suggests that targeting specific polymers for disruption may be more effective than non-specific approaches to disrupting biofilm matrices. In this study, we treated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms with enzymes that are specific to different matrix polymers. We used bulk rheology to measure the resulting alteration in biofilm mechanics, and scanning electron microscopy to visualize the alteration in the matrix network upon treatment. Different lab strains of P. aeruginosa form biofilms that can be dominated by one of three main extracellular polysaccharides: Psl, alginate, and Pel, which binds electrostatically to extracellular DNA in the matrix. We applied enzymes to biofilms dominated by different extracellular polysaccharides and found that, for biofilms grown in vitro, the effect of enzymatic treatment is maximized when the enzyme is specific to a dominant matrix polymer – for such a case, specifically-matched enzymatic treatment tends to: reduce yield strain and yield stress; reduce or eliminate long-range structure and shorten or eliminate connecting network fibers in the biofilm as seen under scanning electron microscopy; and increase the rate of biofilm drying, most likely due to increased diffusivity as a result of network compromise. However, for ex vivo biofilms grown in murine wounds, we find that generic glycoside hydrolases have more profound disruptive effects than specifically-matched enzymes, even though they had no measurable effect for biofilms grown in vitro. This highlights the importance of the environment in which the biofilms are grown, the need to take this into account when developing treatments for biofilms, and the possibility that effective approaches to eradicating biofilms in environmental or industrial settings may need to be very different from effective treatments of infection.
TATALAKSANA NYERI POSTOPERATIF PADA INFANT

Nyeri postoperatif merupakan masalah yang tidak dapat dihindari dalam kondisi paska tindakan operatif. Tatalaksana nyeri yang efektif merupakan hal yang terpenting bagi setiap pasien yang menjalani pembedahan. Nyeri yang terkendali memberikan efek fisiologis yang baik, sehingga tatalaksana nyeri menjadi penilaian postoperatif. Berbagai cara pengendalian nyeri postoperatif. Agen opioid merupakan analgesia postoperatif yang umum digunakan dan teknik blok regional sudah banyak digunakan untuk penanganan nyeri pada pediatrik, baik terkait dengan fasilitasi tindakan operasi maupun kondisi medis lain yang memerlukan analgesi adekuat.
Land Degradation, Desertification & Environmental Sensitivity to Climate Change in Alexandria and Beheira, Egypt.

AND degradation is one of the most important consequences of climate change that has socioeconomic repercussions world-wide, particularly in Egypt’s Nile Delta region. It is therefore essential to inform of timely measurements of land degradation and identify its causes for the security of populations living on and near the Nile Delta. This paper calculates the Environmental Sensitivity Index using the MEDALUS-GEE (Mediterranean Desertification and Land Use in the Google Earth Engine) approach within two of Egypt’s most climate-affected governorates, Alexandria and Beheira, on the district level. Results show that most of the districts in Alexandria is highly sensitive to climate change and is unsuitable for farming owing to their proximity to the Mediterranean Sea. The rise in sea level leads to the submergence of many lands. Besides, as a result of the geological composition of the region, seawater seeps into groundwater, all of which in turn was reflected in the rise in soil salinity. Also, the highest degree of land degradation and/or desertification was found in the hinterland of the Beheira Governorate, including high soil salinity and groundwater, which makes it difficult to undertake land reclamation and cultivation. Hence, the study suggests a crop suitability plan for the areas under study, particularly those highly subjected to land degradation and desertification.