Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Questionnaire of comparative feeling of inferiority index: translation, validation and experience of use in Ukraine

Annotation. Among the various destructive phenomena that negatively affect the harmony of an individual's life, the issue of overcoming the feeling of inferiority takes on special importance. The study of this phenomenon among the population of Ukraine in the modern conditions of martial law and the COVID-19 pandemic is extremely relevant. The aim of the study is to translate, adapt and validate the questionnaire "Comparative Feeling of Inferiority Index", as well as to determine the feeling of inferiority index among student youth with its help. The following descriptive and analytical statistics methods were used in the research: arithmetic mean with standard square deviation (М±SD), percentages with error (Р±m, %), Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α-coefficient), correlation according to Spearman's rank (R). Within the framework of the research, a verified translation of the questionnaire into Ukrainian was carried out for the first time with adaptation of the terminology to the specifics of the language. Pilot testing of the translated questionnaire and repeated re-testing with the same participants was conducted, which proved excellent reliability and diagnostic discriminative ability of the method (R=0.74, p<0.001). The questionnaire was tested on a representative sample (n=612) involving students of higher education institutions of Lviv. The conducted testing proved the validity and high level of reliability of the translated questionnaire: reliable values of internal consistency estimates were obtained according to Cronbach's alpha coefficient – 0.85 for the assessment of a family member and 0.80 for the self-assessment scale. Also, according to the results of the testing, it was established that 7.03±1.03% of the interviewed students had a feeling of Inferiority, and 11.11±1.27% – a feeling of superiority.
Extremely High Selective Etching of Porous Si for Single Etch-Stop Bond-and-Etch-Back Silicon-on-Insulator

The etching characteristics of porous Si in comparison with bulk Si have been investigated for the ultra thin film (UTF) single etch-stop bond-and-etch-back silicon-on-insulator (BESOI). It is found out that porous Si can be selectively etched exclusively by a mixture of HF, H2O2 and H2O due to the structure-sensitive mechanism, that is, inner reaction by capillary-induced penetration of the etchant into the pores followed by collapsing the Si columns. This extremely high etching selectivity reaches as large as 105, which results in excellent SOI layer thickness variation of less than 7% across 5-inch SOI wafers with sub-µ m and sub-100-nm thicknesses.
James-Hopf Invariants, Anick’s Spaces, and the Double Loops on Odd Primary Moore Spaces

Abstract Using spaces introduced by Anick, we construct a decomposition into indecomposable factors of the double loop spaces of odd primary Moore spaces when the powers of the primes are greater than the first power. If $n$ is greater than 1, this implies that the odd primary part of all the homotopy groups of the $2n\,+\,1$ dimensional sphere lifts to a mod ${{p}^{r}}$ Moore space.
La–silicate gate dielectrics fabricated by solid phase reaction between La metal and SiO2 underlayers

La-based high-k gate dielectrics were fabricated by reoxidation of thin La layers deposited on SiO2 underlayers. Interface reaction that causes metal diffusion through the oxide underlayer increases permittivity of the oxide and forms high-quality La–silicate films. We successfully fabricated ultrathin La–silicates of equivalent oxide thickness ranging from 0.75 to 1.6 nm with low-leakage current by controlling the interface solid phase reaction. We characterized degradation in the silicate film caused by electrical stressing and demonstrated the effectiveness of high-temperature annealing to improve the reliability of silicate dielectrics. Moreover, it was found that water absorption during exposure to air causes positive fixed charge in the silicate (flatband voltage shift), but degradation can be annealed out at relatively low temperatures.
Exploring Justice in the Process of Redesigning Local Development Strategies for LEADER: Representation, Distribution, and Recognition

After its first funding period from 1991 to 1994, LEADER was positively evaluated as a successful strategy to empower actors at the regional level, enable regional development and contribute to territorial cohesion within the European Union. Critical studies, however, have highlighted elitist tendencies in LEADER processes and asked whether the proclaimed goal of strengthening ‘the local’ contributes to new or other forms of social and spatial injustice. Our research focus lies in how representation, distribution, and recognition—as the three interrelated dimensions of justice according to Nancy Fraser—are featured in the discourse related to redesigning a local development strategy (LDS). During this process, which is conceived as the most open and inclusive phase in each LEADER funding period, we conducted expert interviews and participatory observations in a case study region and gathered media reports, documents, and official regulations. In our analysis of issues of representation, distribution, and recognition, we also focus on the spatial scales that are referred to and the ways in which the involved actors challenge and justify the status quo. Our analysis explicates the actors’ implicit normative understandings as well as their different perspectives and positions considering perceived injustice. Even though the LDS process provides opportunities to negotiate these positions and to work towards more just representation, distribution, and recognition, they are partly constrained by structural and individual dependencies.
A General Solution of the Statistical Equilibrium Equations.

It is shown that those solutions of the statistical equilibrium equations given by Giovanelli and Jefferies (1954) and Athay (1960) are particular algebraic forms of a general solution given by Rosseland (1926). It is then shown that the steady-state population of the energy states of the general w-level atom is a function of the product of the mean lifetime (which describes the transitions out of the state) and an algebraic cofactor (which describes the transitions into the state). We find that these cofactors can be interpreted as the probability of transition between two states by all non-redundant transition sequences. These transitions contain the interlocking transitions which need to be considered in the general solution. The frequency-independent source function for the jk transition in the general «-level atom is derived directly; and we find that it can be written in a general form which contains, as special cases, forms very similar to those used by Thomas (1957), Thomas and Jefferies (1958), Athay, (1960) Thomas and Athay (1961), Johnson (I960), and Jefferies (1960). Furthermore, we find that a specification of the linearized, frequency-independent source function with the cofactors taken as parameters permits us to write the source function in essentially the same form for all lines of a given spectral series.
Application of distributed hydrological model in the Asian Monsoon tropic region with a perspective of coupling with atmospheric models

Prediction of variations of global and regional hydrological cycles and their response to changes of climate and environment is an important topic. For this purpose, improving the ability of hydrological models has been in the direction of ever-increasing spatial scales. Owing to the highly nonlinear nature of hydrological processes and the high degree of variability of the spatial heterogeneity, distributed representation of spatial information and physical description of hydrological processes are necessary. It is also important to incorporate the regulation of water by infrastructures (e.g., large reservoirs) with the hydrological modeling to verify direct human influence on water resources. The GBHM (geomorphology based hydrological model) employs a flow interval-hillslope discretization scheme in the representation of hydrological processes using catchment geomorphologic properties. The GBHM can represent the characteristics of catchment landform properly and is flexible enough to describe other spatial variability, such as land cover and soil type. In the present study, GBHM was applied to the Chao Phraya basin in Thailand, in which the GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment in a tropic region (GAME-T) has been carried out since 1995, for investigating the applicability of this model to regional scale. The hydrological simulation has run from 1994 through 1995 with a drainage area of 110, 000 km2. The reservoir (Bhumibol and Sirikit) operations were incorporated with the hydrological modeling. The simulated hydrographs at 16 locations, including two reservoirs, were compared with the river flow observations for evaluation of the model performance. The possibility of coupling GBHM with the atmospheric model is discussed in the paper.
Information Needs and Communication Strategies for People with Coronary Heart Disease: A Scoping Review

A critical aspect of coronary heart disease (CHD) care and secondary prevention is ensuring patients have access to evidence-based information. The purpose of this review is to summarise the guiding principles, content, context and timing of information and education that is beneficial for supporting people with CHD and potential communication strategies, including digital interventions. We conducted a scoping review involving a search of four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, Medline) for articles published from January 2000 to August 2022. Literature was identified through title and abstract screening by expert reviewers. Evidence was synthesised according to the review aims. Results demonstrated that information-sharing, decision-making, goal-setting, positivity and practicality are important aspects of secondary prevention and should be patient-centred and evidenced based with consideration of patient need and preference. Initiation and duration of education is highly variable between and within people, hence communication and support should be regular and ongoing. In conclusion, text messaging programs, smartphone applications and wearable devices are examples of digital health strategies that facilitate education and support for patients with heart disease. There is no one size fits all approach that suits all patients at all stages, hence flexibility and a suite of resources and strategies is optimal.
Enrichment of Anaerobic Syngas-Converting Communities and Isolation of a Novel Carboxydotrophic Acetobacterium wieringae Strain JM

Syngas is a substrate for the anaerobic bioproduction of fuels and valuable chemicals. In this study, anaerobic sludge was used for microbial enrichments with synthetic syngas and acetate as main substrates. The objectives of this study were to identify microbial networks (in enrichment cultures) for the conversion of syngas to added-value products, and to isolate robust, non-fastidious carboxydotrophs. Enrichment cultures produced methane and propionate, this last one an unusual product from syngas fermentation. A bacterium closely related to Acetobacterium wieringae was identified as most prevalent (87% relative abundance) in the enrichments. Methanospirillum sp. and propionate-producing bacteria clustering within the genera Anaerotignum and Pelobacter were also found. Further on, strain JM, was isolated and was found to be 99% identical (16S rRNA gene) to A. wieringae DSM 1911T. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value between the genomes of strain JM and A. wieringae was 77.1%, indicating that strain JM is a new strain of A. wieringae. Strain JM can grow on carbon monoxide (100% CO, total pressure 170 kPa) without yeast extract or formate, producing mainly acetate. Remarkably, conversion of CO by strain JM showed shorter lag phase than in cultures of A. wieringae DSM 1911T, and about four times higher amount of CO was consumed in 7 days. Genome analysis suggests that strain JM uses the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway for the conversion of one carbon compounds (CO, formate, CO2/H2). Genes encoding bifurcational enzyme complexes with similarity to the bifurcational formate dehydrogenase (Fdh) of Clostridium autoethanogenum are present, and possibly relate to the higher tolerance to CO of strain JM compared to other Acetobacterium species. A. wieringae DSM 1911T grew on CO in medium containing 1 mM formate.
Performance of the Winged Pearl Oyster Pteria sterna (Gould, 1851), Maintained in Hanging Culture at Three Depths, in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific

This study evaluated the performance of P. sterna under suspended culture at three depths (2, 6, and 10 m). Juveniles (dorso-ventral length 42.6±0.94 mm) were placed in enclosures suspended on a long line in Palmar (Ecuador) from October 2018 to October 2019. The antero-posterior axis of the shells, the shell, softs tissues, and biofouling masses, and the survival rate, were determined during one year of culture. Chlorophyll-a, total particulate matter (TPM), particulate organic matter (POM), salinity and temperature were studied at each depth. At the end of the cultivation period, growth and survival rates did not show significant differences between water depths, with all oysters attaining dorso-ventral lengths of 102-106 mm. Principal components analysis (PCA) revealed a direct and significant relationship between the variance of soft tissue dry mass growth and chlorophyll a concentration, salinity, particulate organic matter (POM) concentration, and temperature, during the culture period evaluated. Thus, the results obtained indicate that the suspended culture of the winged oyster P. sterna in Ecuador can be carried out effectively within the range of 2 and 10 m of depth, obtaining relatively high yields (growth-survival).
Scattering properties of antennas residing in cavities filled by inhomogeneous materials via a variational formulation

Inhomogeneous media exhibit many properties that are very useful either in microwave circuits or in radiation components. In this paper a scattering analysis of cavity-backed microstrip patch antennas with inhomogeneous slabs is proposed. An equivalent variational formulation of the electromagnetic problem for this kind of antenna is derived, such that a very efficient Finite Element Method-Boundary Integral code can be straightforwardly applied. Numerical results are compared with those known in the literature showing an excellent agreement with them. The main scattering properties of the inhomogeneous substrates are also pointed out and compared with those of homogeneous substrates.
Calculation and experimental test of the cooling factor of tungsten

The cooling factor of W is evaluated using state of the art data for line radiation and an ionization balance which has been benchmarked with experiment. For the calculation of line radiation, level-resolved calculations were performed with the Cowan code to obtain the electronic structure and excitation cross sections (plane-wave Born approximation). The data were processed by a collisional radiative model to obtain electron density dependent emissions. These data were then combined with the radiative power derived from recombination rates and bremsstrahlung to obtain the total cooling factor. The effect of uncertainties in the recombination rates on the cooling factor was studied and was identified to be of secondary importance. The new cooling factor is benchmarked, by comparisons of the line radiation with spectral measurements as well as with a direct measurement of the cooling factor. Additionally, a less detailed calculation using a configuration averaged model was performed. It was used to benchmark the level-resolved calculations and to improve the prediction on radiation power from line radiation for ionization stages which are computationally challenging. The obtained values for the cooling factor validate older predictions from the literature. Its ingredients and the absolute value are consistent with the existing experimental results regarding the value itself, the spectral distribution of emissions and the ionization equilibrium. A table of the cooling factor versus electron temperature is provided. Finally, the cooling factor is used to investigate the operational window of a fusion reactor with W as intrinsic impurity. The minimum value of nTτE, for which a thermonuclear burn is possible, is increased by 20% for a W concentration of 3.0 × 10−5 compared with a plasma without any impurities, except for the He ash which is considered in both cases.
Exploring immigrants’ experiences through cultural practices and homemaking: the case of Dominican immigrants’ food practices

ABSTRACT Moving away from questions about immigrants’ integration in various domains of the receiving society, this study focuses on their practices and feelings. More specifically, it provides insights in the role of cultural practices from the country of origin in creating home post-migration. By exploring food practices of Dominican immigrants in the Netherlands this ethnographic study shows how these practices contribute to their homemaking. The analysis focuses on the differentiated nature of homemaking. Firstly, the findings show that there is differentiation in familiarity. Secondly, homemaking does not only involve the re-creation of practices from the country of origin. There is differentiation in the meaning of food and whether it contributes to homemaking in the receiving society. The research shows how attention for feelings of home and cultural practices is an entry point to know about immigrants’ attachments to both the country of origin and the receiving society and their settlement experiences.
New insight into the generation of ship bow waves

The generation of ship bow waves is studied within the framework of potential flow theory. Assuming the ship bow to be slender, or thin, a pattern of the flow is derived using the method of matched asymptotic expansions. This method leads to the determination of three different zones in which three asymptotic expansions are performed and matched. To first order with respect to the slenderness parameter, the near-field flow appears to be two-dimensional in each transverse plane along the bow. However, it is demonstrated that three-dimensional effects are important in front of the ship and must be taken into account in the composite solution. This leads to a three-dimensional correction to be added to the two-dimensional solution along the ship. The asymptotic approach is then applied to explain the structure of the bow flow in connection with experimental observations and numerical simulations.
An LMI approach to control oriented identification of LPV systems

This paper proposes a control oriented identification framework for a class of linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems, that takes into account both the dependence of part of the model on time-varying parameters as well as the possible existence of a nonparametric component. The main result of the paper shows that the problems of establishing consistency of the data and of obtaining a nominal model for these systems can be recast as a linear matrix inequality feasibility problem that can be efficiently solved. These results are illustrated with a practical example arising in the context of active vision.
The parametric uncertainty estimation of water and nitrogen transport simulation in a paddy field experiment using HYDRUS‐1D

The HYDRUS model is an efficient technical means to study the process of complex nitrogen (N) transport in farmland. Nonetheless, spatial variability in soil water and N parameters has been observed at the field scale, leading to uncertainties in the HYDRUS model. In this study, the HYDRUS‐1D model was corrected and verified by the measured data. Generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) was used to estimate the uncertainty and sensitivity of the model parameters. The differences in simulated and measured data were expressed in terms of root mean square error, normalized root mean square error and coefficient of determination, and the model calibration and verification indicated that the result was reliable. The soil saturated water content, dispersion and sorption coefficient were well identified, with values ranging from 0.42 to 0.45 cm3/cm3, 0.26 to 0.29 cm and 0.141 to 0.158 L/mg, respectively. The denitrification rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity greatly influenced the uncertainty in the model results. Considering the uncertainty of the parameters, the predicted leaching of N accumulation from 0 to 100 cm depth ranged from 9.5 to 12.7 kg/ha. The HYDRUS‐1D model can simulate water and N transport in paddy fields. The prediction interval can be narrowed by considering the uncertainty of the model parameters.
Contamination deposited on mass standards in vacuum from an inverted magnetron gauge

Stable mass measurements in vacuum are essential for several metrological reasons. The gravimetric determination of air density using artefacts requires the mass difference between the two artefacts to be measured in vacuum, and all the potential routes to a redefinition of the kilogram also require weighing of masses in vacuum. Any contamination of an artefact will increase the uncertainty with which its mass can be determined. This paper describes work to determine the effect of contamination generated by an inverted magnetron gauge during the calibration of artefacts in vacuum.
Loss of Smoothness and Inherent Instability of 2D Inviscid Fluid Flows

The paper is focused on the loss of smoothness hypothesis which claims that vorticity (or vorticity gradients in the 2D case) grows unboundedly for the substantial part of the inviscid incompressible flows. At least, every steady flow is supposed to belong to the closure of this set (relative to a reasonably strong topology). We approach the problem involving both direct Lyapunov method and some sort of the linearization. We present new (and rather wide) classes of 2D flows in a generic domains which admit the loss of smoothness and related phenomena.
IMF-Based MF and HS Energy Feature Information of F5, and F6 Movement and Motor Imagery EEG Signals in Delta Rhythms Using HHT

This study aims to extract the energy feature distributions in the form of marginal frequency (MF) and Hilbert spectrum (HS) in the intrinsic mode functions (IMF) domain for actual movement (AM)-based and motor imagery (MI)-based electroencephalogram (EEG) signals using the Hilbert–Huang transformation (HHT) time frequency (TF) analysis method. Accordingly, F5 and F6 EEG signal TF energy feature distributions in delta (0.5–4 Hz) rhythm are explored. We propose IMF-based and residue function (RF)-based MF and HS feature information extraction methods with IMFRFERDD (IMFRF energy refereed distribution density), IMFRFMFERDD (IMFRF MF energy refereed distribution density), and IMFRFHSERDD (IMFRF HS energy refereed distribution density) parameters using HHT with application to AM, MI EEG F5, and F6 signals in delta rhythm. The AM and MI tasks involve simultaneously opening fists and feet, as well as simultaneously closing fists and feet. Eight samples (32 in total) with a time duration of 1000 ms are extracted for analyzing F5AM, F5MI, F6AM, and F6MI EEG signals, which are decomposed into five IMFs and one RF. The maximum average IMFRFERDD values of IMF4 are 3.70, 3.43, 3.65, and 3.69 for F5AM, F5MI, F6 AM, and F6MI, respectively. The maximum average IMFRFMFERDD values of IMF4 in the delta rhythm are 21.50, 20.15, 21.02, and 17.30, for F5AM, F5MI, F6AM, and F6MI, respectively. Additionally, the maximum average IMFRFHSERDD values of IMF4 in delta rhythm are 39,21, 39.14, 36.29, and 33.06 with time intervals of 500–600, 800–900, 800–900, and 500–600 ms, for F5AM, F5MI, F6AM, and F6MI, respectively. The results of this study, advance our understanding of meaningful feature information of F5MM, F5MI, F6MM, and F6MI, enabling the design of MI-based brain-computer interface assistive devices for disabled persons.