Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-sensor Detection and Tracking of Humans for Safe Operations with Unmanned Ground Vehicles

detection and tracking of humans using multi-sensor modalities including 3D Ladar and long wave infrared (LWIR) video. By combining data from these sensors, we can detect individuals regardless of whether they are erect, crouched, prone, or partially occluded by other obstacles. Such algorithms are integral to the development and fielding of future " intelligent " unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). In order for robots to be integrated effectively into small combat teams in the operational environment, the autonomous vehicles must maneuver safely among our troops and therefore must be capable of detecting stationary and moving people in cluttered scenes.
Improved Time-Frequency Trajectory Excitation Vocoder for DNN-Based Speech Synthesis

We investigate an improved time-frequency trajectory excitation (ITFTE) vocoder for deep neural network (DNN)-based statistical parametric speech synthesis (SPSS) systems. The ITFTE is a linear predictive coding-based vocoder, where a pitch-dependent excitation signal is represented by a periodicity distribution in a time-frequency domain. The proposed method significantly improves the parameterization efficiency of ITFTE vocoder for the DNN-based SPSS system, even if its dimension changes due to the inherent nature of pitch variation. By utilizing an orthogonality property of discrete cosine transform, we not only accurately reconstruct the ITFTE parameters but also improve the perceptual quality of synthesized speech. Objective and subjective test results confirm that the proposed method provides superior synthesized speech compared to the previous system.
F eb 2 00 0 hep-th / 0001037 UT-872 Boundary states in Gepner models

We extend the construction of the boundary states in Gepner models to the nondiagonal modular invariant theories, and derive the same supersymmetric conditions as the diagonal theories. We also investigate the relation between the microscopic charges of the boundary states and Ramond charges of the B-type D-branes on the Calabi-Yau threefolds with one Kähler modulus in the large volume limit. email: naka@hep-th.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac. jp email: nozaki@hep-th.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac. jp
Correlation of Autophagy Type in Podocytes with Histopathological Diagnosis of IgA Nephropathy

Objective: IgA nephropathy (IgA-N) frequently leads to progressive renal failure, thus estimation of the degree of progression is important for patient management. Autophagy is a mechanism that facilitates clearance of waste products to preserve renal function. The aim of this study was to assess autophagy in podocytes in children with progressive IgA-N at initial diagnosis by electron microscopy and investigate the relationship between the types of autophagy and severity of the disease. Methods: Renal biopsies from 16 children with established progressive IgA-N were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy with reference to autophagy types in the podocytes and histopathological diagnosis of IgA-N. Results: Two autophagy types were found. Type I rarely transformed to autophagic vacuoles and did not dissolve, thus possibly impairing cell function. However, type II frequently transformed to autophagosomes and autophagic vacuoles thus facilitating protein and lipid clearance. Of the 16 children studied, 8 (50%) with type I autophagy at initial diagnosis showed focal proliferative glomerulosclerosis (GN) of mild type (3 cases, 37.5%), mild/moderate type (2 cases, 25%) and moderate type (3 cases, 37.5%). In contrast, the remaining 8 children with type II autophagy at initial diagnosis showed focal proliferative GN of mild type in 7 (87.5%) and mild/moderate type in 1 (12.5%) case. Conclusion: In IgA-N children, the occurrence of type I autophagy is correlated with histopathologically more progressive disease, possibly reflecting a tendency to a poorer prognosis.
An investigation into the security behaviour of tertiary students regarding mobile device security

The use of mobile devices is becoming more popular by the day. With all the different features that the smart mobile devices possess, it is starting to replace personal computers both for personal use and business use. There are also more attacks concerning security on mobile devices because of their increased usage and the security measures not as effective and well-known as on personal computers. The perceived perception is that the young adult population does not act safely and they have a low level of technical advanced knowledge when using their mobile devices. Mobile users are largely responsible to protect themselves and other users from a security viewpoint. This paper reports on a study including a survey done regarding the behaviour of tertiary students concerning security of their mobile devices. Aspects of mobile device security will be discussed and the current status of tertiary students’ behaviour regarding mobile device security will be presented resulting from a survey conducted at a South African University. Findings indicate that tertiary students have diverse behaviour levels concerning mobile device security. The value of these results is that we can focus on specific content when educating smart device users on the subject of security including avoidance of risky or unsafe behaviour. Recommendations in this regard are presented in this paper.
Disambiguating Conjunctions in Named Entities

The recognition of named entities is now a welldeveloped area, with a range of symbolic and machine learning techniques that deliver high accuracy identification and categorisation of a variety of entity types. However, there are still some named entity phenomena that present problems for existing techniques; in particular, relatively little work has explored the disambiguation of conjunctions appearing in candidate named entity strings. We demonstrate that there are in fact four distinct uses of conjunctions in the context of named entities; we present the results of some experiments using machine-learned classifiers to disambiguate the dierent uses of the conjunction, with 81.73% of test examples being correctly classified. We provide some discussion and analysis of the problem of conjunction in named entities, and we show that there are some cases which are ambiguous even for humans.
Embodied social proxy: mediating interpersonal connection in hub-and-satellite teams

Current business conditions have given rise to distributed teams that are mostly collocated except for one remote member. These "hub-and-satellite" teams face the challenge of the satellite colleague being out-of-sight and out-of-mind. We developed a telepresence device, called an Embodied Social Proxy (ESP), which represents the satellite coworker 24x7. Beyond using ESPs in our own group, we deployed an ESP in four product teams within our company for six weeks. We studied how ESP was used through ethnographic observations, surveys, and usage log data. ESP not only increased the satellite worker's ability to fully participate in meetings, it also increased the hub's attention and affinity towards the satellite. The continuous physical presence of ESP in each team improved the interpersonal social connections between hub and satellite colleagues.
Recent Developments in Quantitative Graph Theory: Information Inequalities for Networks

In this article, we tackle a challenging problem in quantitative graph theory. We establish relations between graph entropy measures representing the structural information content of networks. In particular, we prove formal relations between quantitative network measures based on Shannon's entropy to study the relatedness of those measures. In order to establish such information inequalities for graphs, we focus on graph entropy measures based on information functionals. To prove such relations, we use known graph classes whose instances have been proven useful in various scientific areas. Our results extend the foregoing work on information inequalities for graphs.
Chapter II Gender and the Information Technology Workforce : Issues of Theory and Practice 1

Despite increases of women in the labor force, females are largely underrepresented in the American IT workforce. Among the challenges that managers face in addressing the under representation of women in the IT workforce is the identification of an appropriate theory as a basis for understanding data about gender and IT in order to reverse the gender imbalance. Hence, the purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate the managerial implications of theory choice when addressing the under representation of women in the IT workforce. We provide an overview of the three main theoretical perspectives, the essentialist theory, the social construction theory, and the individual differences theory of gender and IT, Gender and the Information Technolgy Workforce: Issues of Theory and Practice 19 Copyright © 2007, Idea Group Inc. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of Idea Group Inc. is prohibited. which are used to understand and investigate the IT gender gap. We then make the argument that the essentialist and social construction theories do not provide the analytical robustness required to pay attention to more nuanced managerial recommendations. Finally, we demonstrate how the individual differences theory of gender and IT can significantly contribute to the reconfiguration of analytical knowledge of the IT gender gap and spur innovative management policies.
Polyhedral realisation of hyperbolic metrics with conical singularities on compact surfaces

Un polyedre fuchsien de l'espace hyperbolique est une surface poly-edrale invariante sous l'action d'un groupe fuchsien d'isometries (c.a.d. un groupe d'isometries qui laissent globalement invariante une surface totalement geodesique et sur laquelle il agit de maniere cocompacte). La metrique induite sur un polyedre fuchsien convexe est isometrique a une metrique hyperbolique avec des singularites coniques de courbure singuliere positive sur une surface compacte de genre plus grand que un. On demontre que ces metriques sont en fait realisees par un unique polyedre fuchsien convexe (modulo les isometries globales). Ce resultat etend un theoreme celebre de A.D. Alexandrov.
Dental caries experience, oral health status and treatment needs of dental patients with autism

Objectives Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder. The aims of this study were to investigate whether children with autism have higher caries prevalence, higher periodontal problems, or more treatment needs than children of a control group of non-autistic patients, and to provide baseline data to enable comparison and future planning of dental services to autistic children. Material and Methods 61 patients with autism aged 6-16 years (45 males and 16 females) attending Dubai and Sharjah Autism Centers were selected for the study. The control group consisted of 61 non-autistic patients chosen from relatives or friends of autistic patients in an attempt to have matched age, sex and socioeconomic status. Each patient received a complete oral and periodontal examination, assessment of caries prevalence, and caries severity. Other conditions assessed were dental plaque, gingivitis, restorations and treatment needs. Chi-square and Fisher's exact test of significance were used to compare groups. Results The autism group had a male-tofemale ratio of 2.8:1. Compared to controls, children with autism had significantly higher decayed, missing or filled teeth than unaffected patients and significantly needed more restorative dental treatment. The restorative index (RI) and Met Need Index (MNI) for the autistic children were 0.02 and 0.3, respectively. The majority of the autistic children either having poor 59.0% (36/61) or fair 37.8% (23/61) oral hygiene compared with healthy control subjects. Likewise, 97.0% (59/61) of the autistic children had gingivitis. Conclusions Children with autism exhibited a higher caries prevalence, poor oral hygiene and extensive unmet needs for dental treatment than non-autistic healthy control group. Thus oral health program that emphasizes prevention should be considered of particular importance for children and young people with autism.
Cancer vaccine enhanced, non-tumor-reactive CD8(+) T cells exhibit a distinct molecular program associated with "division arrest anergy".

Immune-mediated tumor rejection relies on fully functional T-cell responses and neutralization of an adverse tumor microenvironment. In clinical trials, we detected peptide-specific but non-tumor-reactive and therefore not fully functional CD8(+) T cells post-vaccination against tumor antigens. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind nontumor reactivity will be a prerequisite to overcome this CD8(+) T-cell deviation. We report that these non-tumor-reactive CD8(+) T cells are characterized by a molecular program associated with hallmarks of "division arrest anergy. " Non-tumor-reactive CD8(+) T cells are characterized by coexpression of CD7, CD25, and CD69 as well as elevated levels of lck(p505) and p27(kip1). In vivo quantification revealed high prevalence of non-tumor-reactive CD8(+) T cells with increased levels during cancer vaccination. Furthermore, their presence was associated with a trend toward shorter survival. Dynamics and frequencies of non-target-reactive CD8(+) T cells need to be further addressed in context of therapeutic vaccine development in cancer, chronic infections, and autoimmune diseases.
The geometry and topology of Coxeter groups

These notes are intended as an introduction to the theory of Coxeter groups. They closely follow my talk in the Lectures on Modern Mathematics Series at the Mathematical Sciences Center in Tsinghua University on May 10, 2013. They were prepared from the beamer presentation which I used during my talk. AMS classification numbers. Primary: 20F55, 20F65
Spectral-spatial classification of hyperspectral image based on semi-supervised and level set methods

A new scheme integrating segmentation into classification to analyze hyperspectral images is presented in this paper, particularly for images with a very few number of labels and largely adjacent spatial structures. Using pixel-wise semi-supervised support vector machine, the image is classified, and segmented by modified C-V level set in this method. Afterwards, classification and segmentation images are combined with neighborhood voting. Experiments are conducted on a 200-band AVIRIS image of the Northwestern Indiana's Indian Pine site. The integration of the spatial information from the level set segmentation provides classification images with more homogeneous regions and improves the classification accuracy, comparing to the general pixel-wise supervised and semi-supervised classification.
Improving Phonemic Awareness in Children With Learning Disabilities

Clinical Question: What phonemic awareness interventions are effective for students who have language/learning disabilities? Method: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study Sources: ERIC, PsycINFO, Academic Search Premiere, & Proquest (Dissertations and Theses) Search Terms: dyslexia, reading, phoneme sequencing, phonemic awareness, literacy, language, children, specific learning disability and meta-analysis, LiPS®, Lindamood®, Lindamood Bell®, and Auditory Discrimination in Depth Number of Included Studies: 3 Number of Participants: 124
A Survey of Physical Layer Security Techniques for 5G Wireless Networks and Challenges Ahead

Physical layer security which safeguards data confidentiality based on the information-theoretic approaches has received significant research interest recently. The key idea behind physical layer security is to utilize the intrinsic randomness of the transmission channel to guarantee the security in physical layer. The evolution toward 5G wireless communications poses new challenges for physical layer security research. This paper provides a latest survey of the physical layer security research on various promising 5G technologies, including physical layer security coding, massive multiple-input multiple-output, millimeter wave communications, heterogeneous networks, non-orthogonal multiple access, full duplex technology, and so on. Technical challenges which remain unresolved at the time of writing are summarized and the future trends of physical layer security in 5G and beyond are discussed.
Location of Persisting Mycobacteria in a Guinea Pig Model of Tuberculosis Revealed by R207910

ABSTRACT The lengthy chemotherapy of tuberculosis reflects the ability of a small subpopulation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria to persist in infected individuals. To date, the exact location of these persisting bacteria is not known. Lung lesions in guinea pigs infected with M. tuberculosis have striking similarities, such as necrosis, mineralization, and hypoxia, to natural infections in humans. Guinea pigs develop necrotic primary lesions after aerosol infection that differ in their morphology compared to secondary lesions resulting from hematogenous dissemination. In infected guinea pigs conventional therapy for tuberculosis during 6 weeks reduced the bacterial load by 1.7 logs in the lungs and, although this completely reversed lung inflammation associated with secondary lesions, the primary granulomas remained largely unaffected. Treatment of animals with the experimental drug R207910 (TMC207) for 6 weeks was highly effective with almost complete eradication of the bacteria throughout both the primary and the secondary lesions. Most importantly, the few remnants of acid-fast bacilli remaining after R207910 treatment were to be found extracellular, in a microenvironment of residual primary lesion necrosis with incomplete dystrophic calcification. This zone of the primary granuloma is hypoxic and is morphologically similar to what has been described for human lung lesions. These results show that this acellular rim may, therefore, be a primary location of persisting bacilli withstanding drug treatment.
Sozialtheoretische und -interventorische Paradigmen im Licht der sozialen Netzwerk- und Unterstützungsperspektive : Konvergenzen und Herausforderungen

Die Netzwerkperspektive wird nicht nur im Rahmen der Netzwerkund Unterstutzungsforschung im engeren Sinne ausgearbeitet – theorieebenso wie interventionsbezogen –, sondern sie hat vielfaltige theorieorientierte Anschlussstellen zu benachbarten disziplinaren und professionellen Konzepten – wiederum: forschungswie anwendungsbezogenen. Zu nennen sind als ihre disziplinaren Bezuge die Sozialpadagogik/Sozialarbeit, Sozialpsychologie, Arbeitsund Betriebspsychologie, Stressund Belastungsforschung, Rehabilitationswissenschaften (vgl. Bengel & Koch, 2000), Lebenslaufforschung, Soziale Gerontologie, Pflegeund Gesundheitswissenschaften, Gemeindepsychologie, daneben Familienforschung, Atiologieforschung, Psychotherapieforschung, systemische Therapieansatze u.a. Innerhalb dieser disziplinaren Bezuge sollen im Folgenden einige durchaus prominente Konzepte herausgegriffen werden, die u.a. durch sehr unterschiedliche Verhaltnisse theoretisch-analytisch-forschungsbezogener und praktisch-konzeptionell-interventorischer Anteile kategorisiert werden konnten. Sie verdeutlichen den hohen Stellenwert der Thematik sozialer Unterstutzung in sozialen Netzwerken und darauf gerichteter Forderung, sie veranschaulichen die unterschiedlichen begrifflichen und theoretischen Strategien, die hinsichtlich der analytischen Durchdringung dieses Problemfeldes gewahlt werden – wobei teilweise implizit oder explizit Begriffskonzepte und Theoriestucke der Unterstutzungsund Netzwerkforschung ziemlich eindeutig ubernommen werden. Und da wo letzteres nicht ge-
Tokenizing fundamental frequency variation for Mandarin tone error detection

Tone error is commonly observed in tonal language acquisition. Correct tone production is especially challenging for native speakers of non-tonal languages. In this paper, we exploit the fundamental frequency variation (FFV) feature for Mandarin tone error detection. We propose to use FFV through two approaches: (1) Concatenating FFVs along side with standard speech recognition features; (2) Token FFV: Characterizing pitch variation with longer temporal context through GMM tokenization and n-gram language modeling. Our results show that tone error detection improves by incorporating FFV features and the two approaches are complementary to each other.
Experiments with Decision Tree Classifiers – Discretization of Numerical Attributes

Classification algorithms are used in numerous applications everyday, from assigning letter grades to student student’s scores, to computerized letter recognition in mail processing. Discretization consists of applying a set of rules to reduce the number of discrete intervals from which an attribute is assigned. Discretization is generally applied to datasets whose numerical range consists of continuous values, replacing the numerical domain with a nominal domain. This paper’s primary focus is on the application of discretization algorithms on Classification and Regression Trees (CART) using Equal Width, Equal Frequency and CAIM discretization algorithms. Wile no method dominated others for all datasets, results show that discretization prior to classification generally decreases the processing time, while increasing the accuracy of the classifier. The data presented here further substantiates this claim. Index Terms — Supervised discretization, CART, classification, class-attribute interdependency, continuous attributes, machine learning algorithm.
The Effect of ECG Interference on Pattern-Recognition-Based Myoelectric Control for Targeted Muscle Reinnervated Patients

Targeted muscle reinnervation has been introduced as an effective neural machine interface. In the case of a shoulder disarticulation patient, an effective site for a nerve transfer involves the pectoralis muscles, as these perform little useful function with a missing limb. Consequently, the myoelectric signals measured from the reinnervated muscles may be corrupted by a large amount of ECG interference. This paper investigates the effect of ECG upon the accuracy of a pattern-classification-based scheme for myoelectric control of powered upper limb prostheses. The results suggest that ECG interference, at levels typically encountered in a clinical measurement, has little effect upon classification accuracy, but can affect the estimate of myoelectric activity used to convey the velocity of motion (commonly referred to as proportional control). High-pass filtering at approximately 100 Hz appears to effectively mitigate the effect of ECG interference.
Extremal properties of the derivatives of the Newman polynomials

Let Λ n-1 := {λ 1 , λ 2 ,. λ n } be a set of n distinct positive numbers. The span of {e -λ 1 t , e -λ 2 t ,. , e -λ n t } over R will be denoted by E(Λ n-1 ):= span{e -λ 1 t , e -λ 2 t ,. e -λ n t }. Our main result of this note is the following. Theorem. Suppose 0 0 and c 2 (p,q,μ) > 0 depending only on p, q, and μ such that c 1 (p, q, μ) (Σ n j=1 λ j ) μ + 1/q - 1/p ≤ sup Q ∈ E(Λn-1) ∥Q (μ) ∥ Lp[0, ∞ ) /∥Q∥ Lq[0, ∞ ) ≤ c 2 (p,q,μ) (Σ n j=1 λ j ) μ + 1/q - 1/p where the lower bound holds for all 0 0, while the upper bound holds when μ = 0 and 0 1, p > 1, and 0 < q ≤ p ≤ ∞.