Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Example-based machine translation of part-of-speech tagged sentences by recursive division

Example-Based Machine Translation can be applied to languages whose resources like dictionaries, reliable syntactic analyzers are hardly available because it can learn from new translation examples. However, difficulties still remain in translation of sentences which are not fully covered by the matching sentence. To solve that problem, we present in this paper a translation method which recursively divides a sentence and translates each part separately. In addition, we evaluate an analogy-based word-level alignment method which predicts word correspondences between source and translation sentences of new translation examples. The translation method was implemented in a French-Japanese machine translation system and spoken language text were used as examples. Promising translation results were earned and the effectiveness of the alignment method in the translation was confirmed.
XD: A Cross-Layer Designed Data Collection Mechanism for Mission-Critical WSNs in Urban Buildings

As the R&D experience accumulates, there is a rising interest of wireless sensor network (WSN) deployment in the urban environment. For mission critical applications such as healthcare and workplace safety, in particular, it is essential that the data dissemination mechanisms satisfy two important quality of service (QoS) requirements: (1) high delivery rate and (2) low transmission delay. Proposed in this work is a cross-layer designed data dissemination mechanism, referred to as Cross-Layer Diffusion (XD), in which notions in the path discovery (routing) component are exploited by data forwarding (MAC) component to improve the delivery rate and transmission delay. Using traces collected from a prototype WSN deployed in urban environment, we compare XD to the state-of-the-art mechanisms and find that XD is not only more efficient but also more practical.
Exploring Emotional Memory as a Potential Mechanism Explaining the Effectiveness of Mindfulness.

iii List of Tables . vi Table 1 . vi Table 2 . vii Table 3 . viii List of Figures. ix Figure 1 . ix Figure 2 . x Introduction . 1 Methods . 9 Participants . 9 Design . 9 Measures. 9 Procedure . 12
Least recently used caches under the Shot Noise Model

In this paper we develop an analytical framework, based on Che's approximation [2], for the analysis of Least Recently Used (LRU) caches operating under the Shot Noise requests Model (SNM). The SNM was recently proposed in [10] to better capture the main characteristics of today Video on Demand (Vod) traffic. In this context, Che's approximation is derived as the application of a mean field principle to the cache eviction time. We investigate the validity of this approximation through an asymptotic analysis of the cache eviction time. Particularly, we provide a large deviation principle and a central limit theorem for the cache eviction time, as the cache size grows large. Furthermore, we obtain a non-asymptotic analytical upper bound on the error entailed by Che's approximation of the hit probability.
5 Chemotherapy

The number of melanoma cases worldwide is increasing faster than any other cancer. Although early detection, appropriate surgery, and adjuvant therapy have improved outcomes, the prognosis of metastatic melanoma remains very poor. Advanced melanoma is still associated with an extremely poor median survival, ranging from 2 to 8 months, with only 5% surviving more than 5 years and remains one of the most treatment-refractory malignancies. Many agents have been investigated for antitumor activity in melanoma but the current treatment options for patients with metastatic disease are limited and noncurative in the majority of cases (Mouawad et al, 2010). The treatment of a patient with metastatic melanoma depends on multiple factors including the overall condition and age of the patient, the sites and number of metastases, pace of the disease, and the patient’s wishes for treatment. Currently, the goals of treatment are directed toward palliation of symptoms, particularly if the improvement in the symptoms related to the disease exceeds the side effects associated with the therapy (Green & Schuchter, 1998). In advanced melanoma, single agent chemotherapy, combination chemotherapy, biochemotherapy (chemoimmunotherapy), targeted therapy, Toll-like receptor agonists and antiangiogenic therapies have been used (Bhatia et al., 2009; Chowdhury, 1999; Cohen & Falkson, 1998; Jilaveanu et al., 2009; Lutzky, 2010; O’Day et al, 2002; Tarhini & Agarwala, 2006; Treisman & Garlie, 2010). In this chapter, classical chemotherapeutic agents, regimens and new chemotherapeutics, such as targeted therapies for melanoma treatment have been reviewed.
Word of Mouth Mobile Crowdsourcing: Increasing Awareness of Physical, Cyber, and Social Interactions

By fully exploring various sensing capabilities and multiple wireless interfaces of mobile devices and integrating them with human power and intelligence, mobile crowdsourcing (MCS) is emerging as an effective paradigm for large-scale multimedia-related applications. However, most MCS schemes use a direct mode, in which crowdworkers passively or actively select tasks and contribute without interacting and collaborating with each other; such a mode can hamper some time-constrained crowdsourced tasks. This article explores a different approach: MCS based on word of mouth (WoM), in which crowdworkers, apart from executing tasks, exploit their mobile social networks and/or physical encounters to actively recruit other appropriate individuals to work on the task. The authors describe a WoM-based MCS architecture and typical applications, which they divide into Internet-scale and local scale. They then systematically summarize the main technical challenges, including crowdworker recruitment, incentive design, security and privacy, and data quality control, and they compare typical solutions. Finally, from a systems-level viewpoint, they discuss several practical issues that must be resolved. This article is part of a special issue on cybersecurity.
Pathogenesis of Cancer

Clinically, where hypochondriasis is not an anxiety state (psychoneurosis) it represents manic-depressive psychosis. The practical point is that, where it represents an anxiety state, direct psychotherapy of the personal influence and suggestion order will work miracles ; but where it is of the manic-depressive type we find ourselves up against a self-limited disease not very amenable to treatment of any kind. Nevertheless, even here encouragement and personal support will do much to better the patient's lot. -I am, etc.,
Observations of a Reluctant Online Instructor: Transitioning from the Classroom to the Computer

In the early summer of 2009 I had no idea that I was about to become an online professor. I was a tenured faculty member at Lambuth University, a small liberal arts college. I loved the liberal arts atmosphere, the pristine campus, and the intimate class sizes. But, Lambuth had been struggling financially for many years, and the accumulated financial problems were mounting. Faculty had been asked several times to delay paychecks, and there was talk of the school closing its doors. My wife and I were both faculty members there, comprising the entire psychology department. Given the financial state of the school, and the fact that all of our family’s financial eggs were delicately resting in one shaky basket, when a friend from the University of Tennessee at Martin called about a job opportunity, I was willing to listen. Knowing only that the opportunity at UTM involved a position in their counseling masters program, I was surprised to learn that this program was entirely online. The program had adopted the online format in 2007. I was being asked to come to UTM for a year, with the chance to be hired tenure-track after that year. The practical decision was an easy one. I needed stable work (Lambuth closed in 2010). But once I had joined the program I was forced to seriously evaluate my thoughts about online education in general, and the online education of counseling students specifically. This article outlines some of my initial thoughts, the changes in thinking that I have had since I began online teaching, as well as a description of my process of learning how to teach online.
The Effectiveness of a Facebook-Assisted Teaching Method on Knowledge and Attitudes About Cervical Cancer Prevention and HPV Vaccination Intention Among Female Adolescent Students in Taiwan

Background. Lack of education is a known barrier to vaccination, but data on the design and effectiveness of interventions remain limited. Objective. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of a Facebook-assisted teaching method on female adolescents’ knowledge and attitudes about cervical cancer prevention and on their human papillomavirus vaccination intention. Method. A quasi-experimental time series research design was used. Two hundred female adolescents at a senior high school in Taipei were recruited into two groups. Following a classroom lecture, one group was provided a Facebook-assisted online discussion, and the other group was provided an in-person discussion forum. A demographic questionnaire and cervical cancer prevention questionnaire were distributed. Data were analyzed for descriptive statistics and generalized estimation equations. Results. Improvement from T0 to T2 in knowledge and attitude scores was 4.204 and 4.496 points, respectively. The Facebook group’s improvement in vaccination intention from T0 to T2 was 2.310 times greater than the control group’s improvement under conditions of out-of-pocket expenses and 2.368 times greater under conditions of free vaccination. Conclusions. School-based cervical cancer prevention education can be effective. The Facebook-assisted discussion method was more effective than the in-person discussion. Providing the human papillomavirus vaccine free of charge would increase female adolescents’ intention to be vaccinated.
Complementary Decision Making System for Aiding Medical Image Diagnosis

Decision making is important in problem solving. Human makes decisions everyday rather effectively. This suggests that functionally model the decision making process could potentially offer a competent decision support system. Hence, a Complementary Decision Making System (CDMS), which functionally models the neural decision making in human visual perception, is proposed. It is applied as a clinical decision support system for medical image diagnosis. Its feasibility as a diagnostician's adjunct is assessed in two experiments. The experimental results displayed CDMS as a promising tool for aiding medical image diagnosis.
Blind fractionally-spaced equalization, perfect-reconstruction filter banks and multichannel linear prediction

Equalization for digital communications constitutes a very particular blind deconvolution problem in that the received signal is cyclostationary. Oversampling (OS) (w.r.t. the symbol rate) of the cyclostationary received signal leads to a stationary vector-valued signal (polyphase representation (PR)). OS also leads to a fractionally-spaced channel model and equalizer. In the PR, channel and equalizer can be considered as an analysis and synthesis filter bank. Zero-forcing (ZF) equalization corresponds to a perfect-reconstruction filter bank. We show that in the OS case FIR ZF equalizers exist for a FIR channel. In the PR, the multichannel linear prediction of the noiseless received signal becomes singular eventually, reminiscent of the single-channel prediction of a sum of sinusoids. As a result, the channel can be identified from the received signal second-order statistics by linear prediction in the noise-free case, and by using the Pisarenko method when there is additive noise. In the given data case, MUSIC (subspace) or ML techniques can be applied. <<ETX>>
Nicotine therapy sampling to induce quit attempts among smokers unmotivated to quit: a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND Rates of smoking cessation have not changed in a decade, accentuating the need for novel approaches to prompt quit attempts. METHODS Within a nationwide randomized clinical trial (N = 849) to induce further quit attempts and cessation, smokers currently unmotivated to quit were randomized to a practice quit attempt (PQA) alone or to nicotine replacement therapy (hereafter referred to as nicotine therapy), sampling within the context of a PQA. Following a 6-week intervention period, participants were followed up for 6 months to assess outcomes. The PQA intervention was designed to increase motivation, confidence, and coping skills. The combination of a PQA plus nicotine therapy sampling added samples of nicotine lozenges to enhance attitudes toward pharmacotherapy and to promote the use of additional cessation resources. Primary outcomes included the incidence of any ever occurring self-defined quit attempt and 24-hour quit attempt. Secondary measures included 7-day point prevalence abstinence at any time during the study (ie, floating abstinence) and at the final follow-up assessment. RESULTS Compared with PQA intervention, nicotine therapy sampling was associated with a significantly higher incidence of any quit attempt (49% vs 40%; relative risk [RR], 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.4) and any 24-hour quit attempt (43% vs 34%; 1.3; 1.1-1.5). Nicotine therapy sampling was marginally more likely to promote floating abstinence (19% vs 15%; RR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.7); 6-month point prevalence abstinence rates were no different between groups (16% vs 14%; 1.2; 0.9-1.6). CONCLUSION Nicotine therapy sampling during a PQA represents a novel strategy to motivate smokers to make a quit attempt. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00706979.
Towards intelligent networked video surveillance for the detection of suspicious behaviours

Video camera surveillance is becoming increasingly pervasive in both outdoor city environments and indoor complexes. Indeed, it is reckoned that a central Londoner is captured on well over 300 videos on an average day. With the generation of this vast repository of visual data come the challenges of automated real-time detection of key events and retrieval of salient recorded information. The last 10 years has seen the development of a range of computerised technologies for automated surveillance. Technology of the authors for detecting objects left unattended in domains such as airports has resulted in successful commercialisation, worldwide sales and the winning of international awards. However, the need is now greater than ever for a surveillance system that is truly networked. Such a system will track individual people and vehicles through cluttered environments using hundreds of cameras. With this tracking information, the system will be able to detect a range of anomalous behaviours, such as the suspicious movement of a person, or the illegal manoeuvre of a vehicle. In this paper, we outline the state of the art in video surveillance and suggest that graph-based representations will prove valuable in taking surveillance to a truly networked level
Transforming tourists and "culturalising commerce": Indigenous tourism at Bawaka in Northern Australia

There is currently an increasing interest in Indigenous tourism in Australia. Policies in Australia often use the rhetoric of sustainability, but position Indigenous tourism as a means for economic growth and development (Whitford & Ruhanen, 2010). This study shows that interpersonal relationships, cultural and social interactions, and learning are key to achieving the goals of Indigenous tourism providers or “hosts,” and to the experiences of tourists. This article explores tourist experiences of activities run by the Indigenous-owned tour company Bawaka Cultural Enterprises (hereafter BCE) in North East Arnhem Land, Northern Territory. BCE is an example of an Indigenous tourism business that aims to achieve social change by sharing of Indigenous ways of being, knowledges, and practices with non-Indigenous people during tours, whilst also ensuring that the business is sustainable and manageable for the family who runs it. In this sense, BCE’s tourism activities can be understood as an attempt to “culturalise commerce,” rather than commercialising culture (Bunten, 2010). In this article, we contribute to growing literature on transformative learning theory and tourism by considering tourists’ narratives of their experiences with BCE. We focus on the way in which tourists are transformed by an increased connection to their hosts and their country. We argue that BCE’s activities consciously introduce different ways of being to tourists and visitors. A growing awareness, understanding, and respect for these ways of being can inspire a sense of collective purpose and identity, and a deep emotional response to tours. Connection, however, is not always smooth and easy. Central to the process outlined in Mezirow’s (1978) transformative learning theory are encounters and engagements with other people and different and unfamiliar contexts, which may lead to disorienting feelings and experiences. We argue that the practical aspects of being at Bawaka, combined with the new skills, task requirements, and political realities that commitment to new ways of being bring, can be disconcerting and disorienting for tourists. The availability of spaces and processes to reflect on these points of disorientation may determine whether these experiences challenge and/or contribute to personal transformation. These factors highlight areas for further exploration in developing a theory of transformative learning in the Indigenous context, and a need for policies to move beyond a narrow focus on economic aspects of tourism to consider the social and educational aims of both tourism ventures and tourists themselves.
Draft Genome Sequence of Raoultella terrigena R1Gly, a Diazotrophic Endophyte

ABSTRACT Raoultella terrigena R1Gly is a diazotrophic endophyte isolated from surface-sterilized roots of Nicotiana tabacum. The whole-genome sequence was obtained to investigate the endophytic characteristics of this organism at the genetic level, as well as to compare this strain with its close relatives. To our knowledge, this is the first genome obtained from the Raoultella terrigena species and only the third genome from the Raoultella genus, after Raoultella ornitholytic and Raoultella planticola. This genome will provide a foundation for further comparative genomic, metagenomic, and functional studies of this genus.
Simultaneous Correlative Scanning Electron and High-NA Fluorescence Microscopy

Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) is a unique method for investigating biological structure-function relations. With CLEM protein distributions visualized in fluorescence can be mapped onto the cellular ultrastructure measured with electron microscopy. Widespread application of correlative microscopy is hampered by elaborate experimental procedures related foremost to retrieving regions of interest in both modalities and/or compromises in integrated approaches. We present a novel approach to correlative microscopy, in which a high numerical aperture epi-fluorescence microscope and a scanning electron microscope illuminate the same area of a sample at the same time. This removes the need for retrieval of regions of interest leading to a drastic reduction of inspection times and the possibility for quantitative investigations of large areas and datasets with correlative microscopy. We demonstrate Simultaneous CLEM (SCLEM) analyzing cell-cell connections and membrane protrusions in whole uncoated colon adenocarcinoma cell line cells stained for actin and cortactin with AlexaFluor488. SCLEM imaging of coverglass-mounted tissue sections with both electron-dense and fluorescence staining is also shown.
Social Exclusion of Children: The Regional Dimension

Recently, new evidence relating to the differences between the states and territories of Australia and their associated risks of child social exclusion has emerged. Daly et al (2008) found children living in Queensland, Tasmania, the Northern Territory, and to a lesser degree, South Australia, are associated with a greater likelihood of living in an area with higher degrees of social exclusion compared to other states and territories. In this study it is concluded that once socioeconomic and demographic factors have been taken into account, coastal regions, Tasmania, and to a lesser extent South Australia, are associated with a lower risk of child social exclusion. The Northern Territory and remote regions however, are associated with a significantly higher incidence of social exclusion. In addition, this study concludes that most of the regional variation in child social exclusion is explained by the attributes of the inhabitants.
Narrative voice and the limits of peacebuilding: rethinking the politics of partiality

This article proceeds from the claim that memory and emotion are indivisible from practice, experience and history. It argues that an enhanced understanding of the impact of war and the subsequent logics of peacebuilding require narrative techniques and strategies that re-focus our attention on lived experiences. These experiences, however, should not be understood as a supplement to academic forms of knowledge, but must instead register as legitimate knowledge in their own right. This does not mean that they enjoy any fuller veracity than academic accounts. Instead, it shows how access to a plurality of knowledge provides valuable insights into the limitations of scholarship on conflict and its aftermath.
Preparation and optimization of microemulsion of rosuvastatin calcium

Due to very less bioavailability (20%) of Rosuvastatin calcium, an attempt was made to develop and optimize microemulsion formulation. Capmul MCM, Tween 20 and PEG 400 were selected as oil, surfactant and cosurfactant respectively as the drug is having higher solubility in them. 3:1% w/w S:CoS was selected as it gave higher microemulsion area. Optimized batch (ME-1) was selected having 5% Capmul MCM, 50% Tween 20:PEG 400 and 45% water based on evaluation parameters globule size, zeta potential, PDI, % transmittance.
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass-Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) Based Typing of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing E. coli – A Novel Tool for Real-Time Outbreak Investigation

Epidemiologically linked clusters are confirmed by typing strains with molecular typing such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). We compared six extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing E. coli of a PFGE-related cluster with Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass-spectrometry based typing that confirmed relatedness faster and more cost-effective, but as reliable as PFGE.