Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Strategy and Its Role in the Organization: An Exploratory Study

Knowledge strategy is defined as the set of guidelines and philosophies that guide an organizationâ€™s knowledge-based activities, such as knowledge gathering, development, storage, and utilization. Much of the early literature describing knowledge strategy suggests that its role in the organization is to drive, and be driven by, organizational structure and the human resources and technology strategies. The present research utilizes semi-structured interview data to determine that knowledge strategy is less of a formal structure and more of a lens through which knowledge-based decisions are viewed and focused, resulting in organizational actions that align with the knowledge strategy of the organization.
Computational Validation of a 3-D Microwave Imaging System for Breast-Cancer Screening

The microwave imaging system currently being developed at the Technical University of Denmark is described and its performance tested on simulated data. The system uses an iterative Newton-based imaging algorithm for reconstructing the images in conjunction with an efficient method-of-moments solution of the associated forward scattering problem. A cylindrical multistatic antenna setup with 32 horizontally oriented antennas is used for collecting the data. It has been found that formulating the imaging algorithm in terms of the logarithm of the amplitude and the unwrapped phase of the measured signals improves its performance when compared to the more commonly used complex phasor formulation. This improvement is illustrated by imaging a simulated hemispherical breast model using both formulations. In addition to this, the importance of using the correct position and orientation of the antennas in the measurement system is shown by imaging the same breast model using a measurement setup in which the antennas are vertically oriented.
Tangible User Interface for Chemistry Education : Portability , Database , and Visualization

Augmented Chemistry (AC) is a tangible user interface (TUI) for organic chemistry education. Based on the outcome of an extensive evaluation we are in the process of improving the AC system . Firstly, it has been ported to different operating system and now runs on Linux-, Windows-, and Mac OS X based platforms. This enables the use of a wider range of hardware; USB and Firewire (IEEE1394) cameras are now supported. Secondly, system capacity to visualize molecules compatible with XML-based public-domain databases (DB) has been implemented. This gives users the ability to download and interact with any molecules. Thirdly, to enable keyboard-free system configuration and offering DB access, a GUI has been implemented into the TUI. 3D rendering has also been improved using shadows and related effects, thereby enhancing depth perception.
GNSS Accuracy Improvement Using Rapid Shadow Transitions

Receiver modules in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are capable of providing positioning and velocity estimations that are sufficiently accurate for the purpose of road navigation. However, even in optimal open-sky conditions, GNSS-based positioning carries an average error of 2-4 m. This imposes an effective limitation on GNSS-based vehicle lane detection, a desired functionality for various navigation and safety applications. In this paper, we present a novel framework for lane-level accuracy using GNSS devices and 3-D shadow matching. The suggested framework is based on detection and analysis of rapid changes in navigation satellites' signal strength, which are caused by momentary blockages due to utility and light poles. A method for detecting such momentary changes between line of sight and non line of sight is presented, followed by a geometric algorithm that improves location accuracy of commercial GNSS devices. We have tested the framework's applicability using both simulations and field experiments. We provide the results of these tests and discuss receiver-side sampling rate requirements for high-performance lane-level positioning.
Effects of irradiance, flow, and colony pigmentation on the temperature microenvironment around corals: Implications for coral bleaching?

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of colony pigmentation, irradiance, and flow on the temperature microenvironment that corals experience in shallow water. The warming of colony surfaces increased with increasing colony pigmentation (darker surfaces) and at high irradiance but was alleviated by higher water flow. Dark colonies were up to 1.5°C warmer than ambient seawater at high irradiance and slow flow. In contrast, very light colonies were similar in temperature to ambient water at all levels of flow and irradiance. The darkness of corals progressively increased along a gradient of decreasing water clarity from oligotrophic offshore reefs toward turbid high‐nutrient reefs near the coast. The surface temperature of these darkly pigmented turbid‐water corals was significantly greater than that of the paler corals in the clear‐water environments at comparable seawater temperatures, light, and current conditions. The surface warming of darkly pigmented colonies in coastal environments is sufficiently high to exceed their bleaching threshold during warm, calm, and clear seawater conditions.
Cardiac SPECT restoration using MR-based support constraints

Cardiac SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) is an important tool for evaluating heart disease in terms of diagnosis and treatment, especially for determining myocardial perfusion and thus the degree of myocardial injury. The distortion of left ventricular (LV) geometry can cause errors in defect size determination from SPECT perfusion images due to partial volume effects. Constrained iterative restoration, using an anatomic constraint from a registered magnetic resonance (MR) image of the heart, can be used to correct these errors and thus improve the interpretation and measurement of cardiac perfusion images.
The first magnetic-nanoparticle-free carbon-based contrast agent of magnetic-resonance imaging-fluorinated graphene oxide.

wileyonlinelibrary.com © 2013 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303644 Graphene, a single layer of sp 2 -bonded carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice, is the fi rst two-dimensional material in a suspended form. [ 1 ] As a rapidly rising star, graphene has attracted much attention in science and engineering because of its unusual properties, such as fast carrier transport, excellent optical transparency, high elasticity, and large surface area. [ 2,3 ] The biomedicine applications of graphene and its derivatives are under intense research to develop photo-therapies of cancer, biosensors, and nanocarriers for drug delivery. [ 4–6 ] Furthermore, graphene and graphene-oxide (GO) are effi cient carriers of fl uorescent agents and novel near-infra-red (NIR) probes for cell imaging. [ 7,8 ]
Kainate Receptor-Dependent Short-Term Plasticity of Presynaptic Ca2+ Influx at the Hippocampal Mossy Fiber Synapses

Transmitter release at the hippocampal mossy fiber (MF)–CA3 synapse exhibits robust use-dependent short-term plasticity with an extremely wide dynamic range. Recent studies revealed that presynaptic kainate receptors (KARs), which specifically localized on the MF axons, mediate unusually large facilitation at this particular synapse in concert with the action of residual Ca2+. However, it is currently unclear how activation of kainate autoreceptors enhances transmitter release in an activity-dependent manner. Using fluorescence recordings of presynaptic Ca2+ and voltage in hippocampal slices, here we demonstrate that paired-pulse stimulation (with 20–200 msec intervals) resulted in facilitation of Ca2+ influx into the MF terminals, as opposed to other synapses, such as the Schaffer collateral–CA1 synapse. These observations deviate from typical residual Ca2+hypothesis of facilitation, assuming an equal amount of Ca2+ influx per action potential. Pharmacological experiments reveal that the facilitation of presynaptic Ca2+ influx is mediated by activation of KARs. We also found that action potentials of MF axons are followed by prominent afterdepolarization, which is partly mediated by activation of KARs. Notably, the time course of the afterdepolarization approximates to that of the paired-pulse facilitation of Ca2+influx, suggesting that these two processes are closely related to each other. These results suggest that the novel mechanism amplifying presynaptic Ca2+ influx may underlie the robust short-term synaptic plasticity at the MF–CA3 synapse in the hippocampus, and this process is mediated by KARs whose activation evokes prominent afterdepolarization of MF axons and thereby enhances action potential-driven Ca2+ influx into the presynaptic terminals.
unemployment and spare Capacity in the Labour market

The unemployment rate provides an important gauge of spare capacity in the labour market and the economy more generally. However, other factors also affect unemployment, which complicates its interpretation when informing monetary policy. Statistical methods can be used to estimate the extent to which the unemployment rate reflects spare capacity versus more enduring structural factors. This involves estimating the NAIRU. Information can also be gleaned from the composition of unemployment, as jobseekers with certain characteristics may be more indicative of spare capacity than others. These approaches suggest that spare capacity in the labour market has increased over the past few years but remains well below that which prevailed over much of the 1990s.
Association between CLN3 (Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, CLN3 Type) Gene Expression and Clinical Characteristics of Breast Cancer Patients

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Elucidation of underlying biology and molecular pathways is necessary for improving therapeutic options and clinical outcomes. CLN3 protein (CLN3p), deficient in neurodegenerative CLN3 disease is anti-apoptotic, and defects in the CLN3 gene cause accelerated apoptosis of neurons in CLN3 disease and up-regulation of ceramide. Dysregulated apoptotic pathways are often implicated in the development of the oncogenic phenotype. Predictably, CLN3 mRNA expression and CLN3 protein were up-regulated in a number of human and murine breast cancer-cell lines. Here, we determine CLN3 expression in non-tumor vs. tumor samples from fresh and formalin-fixed/paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast tissue and analyze the association between CLN3 overexpression and different clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients. Additionally, gene expression of 28 enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism was determined. CLN3 mRNA is overexpressed in tumor vs. non-tumor breast tissue from FFPE and fresh samples, as well as in mouse MCF7 breast cancer compared to MCF10A normal cells. Of the clinicopathological characteristics of tumor grade, age, menopause status, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), only absence of HER2 expression correlated with CLN3 overexpression. Sphingolipid genes for ceramide synthases 2 and 6 (CerS2; CerS6), delta(4)-desaturase sphingolipid 2 (DEGS2), and acidic sphingomyelinase (SMPD1) displayed higher expression levels in breast cancer vs. control tissue, whereas ceramide galactosyltransferase (UGT8) was underexpressed in breast cancer samples. CLN3 may be a novel molecular target for cancer drug discovery with the goal of modulation of ceramide pathways.
Patient Knowledge in regard to Injury from Dental Treatments and the ways to Seek Legal Remedy in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Introduction: In Burkina Faso, oral diseases are exacerbated by poverty. The question of dentist’s responsibility in malpractice is particularly pertinent in light of the largely illiterate population that pays scant attention to their rights and whose priority is having access to adequate care. It also needs to be viewed in the context of the low standard of equipment in dental practices. This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge by the patients in regard to the concept of prejudice and remedies in case of a dispute with a dentist. Patients and Methods: A printed questionnaire was provided to patients being treated at the unit of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics at the Municipal Center for Oral Health of Ouagadougou over the period from March 1st to March 31st of 2016. Results: The results showed that 38.8% of the patients were familiar with the concept of prejudice. But the majority of the patients (59%) were not aware of how to seek redress for damages incurred. For 65% of the patients, God was thought to be responsible for what might happen to them during treatment. Diagnostic errors were reported by 2 patients (1.6%). Only 28% of patients were aware of informed consent. Conclusion: The present work has shown that despite the precarious situation, individuals are nonetheless aware of medical errors and the harm they may cause.
Exposure of human ovarian carcinoma to cisplatin transiently sensitizes the tumor cells for liposome-mediated gene transfer.

Human ovarian carcinoma cells (line 2008) grown as subcutaneous solid tumor in the severe combined immunodeficient mouse can be transfected by directly injecting a plasmid DNA-liposome complex into the tumor (in situ lipofection). The level of reporter gene expression in the tumor cells was significantly elevated if the animal received a single i.p. injection of cisplatin 1 week before the lipofection. Sensitization of the tumor for lipofection peaked 1 week after cisplatin injection and declined thereafter. Cells exposed to low concentration of cisplatin in vitro for four to five doubling times also showed elevated sensitivity for lipofection in vitro. Cisplatin was the only anticancer drug tested that exhibited this activity. These results suggest a sequential combinational gene therapy protocol with cisplatin for the ovarian carcinoma.
USING RICE BRAN IN LAYING HEN DIETS

Rice bran is an energy and protein rich ingredient used in poultry feeding. To balance energy and protein requirements. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of rice bran on performance and egg quality during peak production of a commercial White laying strain of 22 week of age. Dietary treatments were consisted by inclusion of rice bran at 0, 5, 10 and 15% levels. Each treatment had 6 reps in which 12 birds were randomly assigned in wired fl oor battery cages equipped with nipple drinkers and through feeders. Layers accessed to feed and water freely. Lighting regimen was adjusted to 16h light/8h dark. The experiment lasted for 10 weeks. Overall results of the present experiment indicated that rice bran could be included up to 10% without any adverse affect on laying performance, egg quality and digestive organs.
Preventing progression to first-episode psychosis in early initial prodromal states

Background Young people with self-experienced cognitive thought and perception deficits (basic symptoms) may present with an early initial prodromal state (EIPS) of psychosis in which most of the disability and neurobiological deficits of schizophrenia have not yet occurred. Aims To investigate the effects of an integrated psychological intervention (IPI), combining individual cognitive–behavioural therapy, group skills training, cognitive remediation and multifamily psychoeducation, on the prevention of psychosis in the EIPS. Method A randomised controlled, multicentre, parallel group trial of 12 months of IPI v. supportive counselling (trial registration number: NCT00204087). Primary outcome was progression to psychosis at 12- and 24-month follow-up. Results A total of 128 help-seeking out-patients in an EIPS were randomised. Integrated psychological intervention was superior to supportive counselling in preventing progression to psychosis at 12-month follow-up (3.2% v. 16.9%; P = 0.008) and at 24-month follow-up (6.3% v. 20.0%; P = 0.019). Conclusions Integrated psychological intervention appears effective in delaying the onset of psychosis over a 24-month time period in people in an EIPS.
The Promise of Primary Prevention Home Visiting Programs

SUMMARY Home visitation (HV) is a promising service delivery model, despite a history of mixed documented results. Compiling results on the promising family and child development outcomes in the HV literature has utility for current programs and those under development. We review traditional outcomes (e.g., child maltreatment prevention) from the literature on HV, but we also present nontraditional outcomes (e.g., community connection) that may be relevant for future evaluations. Programs that document their implementation and study their outcomes through a thoughtful, planned process may capture important and much needed information on strengthening families through HV.
Treatment outcomes of definitive chemoradiotherapy for patients with hypopharyngeal cancer

We analyzed the efficacy of definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC). Subjects comprised 97 patients who were treated with definitive CRT from 1990 to 2006. Sixty-one patients (62.9%) with resectable disease who aimed to preserve the larynx received induction chemotherapy (ICT), whereas 36 patients (37.1%) with resectable disease who refused an operation or who had unresectable disease received primary alternating CRT or concurrent CRT (non-ICT). The median dose to the primary lesion was 66 Gy. The median follow-up time was 77 months. The 5-year rates of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), local control (LC), and laryngeal preservation were 68.7%, 57.5%, 79.1%, and 70.3%, respectively. The T-stage was a significant prognostic factor in terms of OS, PFS and LC in both univariate and multivariate analyses. The 5-year rates of PFS were 45.4% for the ICT group and 81.9% for the non-ICT group. The difference between these groups was significant with univariate analysis (P = 0.006). Acute toxicity of Grade 3 to 4 was observed in 34 patients (35.1%). Grade 3 dysphagia occurred in 20 patients (20.6%). Twenty-nine (29.8%) of 44 patients with second primary cancer had esophageal cancer. Seventeen of 29 patients had manageable superficial esophageal cancer. The clinical efficacy of definitive CRT for HPC is thought to be promising in terms of not only organ preservation but also disease control. Second primary cancer may have a clinical impact on the outcome for HPC patients, and special care should be taken when screening at follow-up.
Enhanced Features for Design of Traveling Wave Tubes Using CHRISTINE-1D

Traveling wave tubes (TWTs) are vacuum devices invented in the early 1940s for amplification of radio frequency power. These devices are critical for radar, communications, and electronic warfare missions in the military, as well as in commercial applications. The physics-based design and simulation code CHRISTINE-1D was used in the past to explore different TWT circuit designs and to automate the process of parameter estimation. However, the current capability of CHRISTINE-1D allows optimization of only helix TWT designs and includes a limited number of optimization goal functions. In addition, the current optimizer in CHRISTINE-1D employs a modified steepest descent method to carry out the optimization process. The objectives of this paper are threefold: (1) to investigate optimization techniques that may be better suited for this problem (for example, simplex type methods such as Nelder-Mead and Dividing Rectangles); (2) to allow optimization of nonhelix TWTs; and (3) to implement new optimization goal functions. Finally, to show the feasibility of our approach, we apply our optimization algorithms to the problem of designing a folded waveguide slow-wave circuit.
Nox4: A Hydrogen Peroxide-Generating Oxygen Sensor

Nox4 is an oddity among members of the Nox family of NADPH oxidases [seven isoenzymes that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) from molecular oxygen] in that it is constitutively active. All other Nox enzymes except for Nox4 require upstream activators, either calcium or organizer/activator subunits (p47phox, NOXO1/p67phox, and NOXA1). Nox4 may also be unusual as it reportedly releases hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in contrast to Nox1–Nox3 and Nox5, which release superoxide, although this result is controversial in part because of possible membrane compartmentalization of superoxide, which may prevent detection. Our studies were undertaken (1) to identify the Nox4 ROS product using a membrane-free, partially purified preparation of Nox4 and (2) to test the hypothesis that Nox4 activity is acutely regulated not by activator proteins or calcium, but by cellular pO2, allowing it to function as an O2 sensor, the output of which is signaling H2O2. We find that approximately 90% of the electron flux through isolated Nox4 produces H2O2 and 10% forms superoxide. The kinetic mechanism of H2O2 formation is consistent with a mechanism involving binding of one oxygen molecule, which is then sequentially reduced by the heme in two one-electron reduction steps first to form a bound superoxide intermediate and then H2O2; kinetics are not consistent with a previously proposed internal superoxide dismutation mechanism involving two oxygen binding/reduction steps for each H2O2 formed. Critically, Nox4 has an unusually high Km for oxygen (∼18%), similar to the values of known oxygen-sensing enzymes, compared with a Km of 2–3% for Nox2, the phagocyte NADPH oxidase. This allows Nox4 to generate H2O2 as a function of oxygen concentration throughout a physiological range of pO2 values and to respond rapidly to changes in pO2.
Conducting polypyrrole‐coated banana fiber composites: Preparation and characterization

In this study, conducting banana fibers (BF) were obtained through in situ oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) on the BF surface using ferric chloride hexahydratate (FeCl3·6H2O) as an oxidant. Suitable reaction conditions are outlined for the polymerization of Py: oxidant/monomer molar ratio, Py concentration and polymerization time of 2/1, 0.05 mol.L−1 and 30 min, respectively. Under these conditions, high-quality conducting fibers containing polyPy and BF (PPy-BF) were obtained with an electrical resistivity as low as 0.54 Ω. cm. The PPy-BF was blended with different concentrations of polyurethane (PU) by mixing the two components in a vacuum chamber and then applying compression molding. The electrical resistivity of composites with 25 wt% of PPy-BF was around 1.8 × 105 Ωcm, which is approximately 108 times lower than that found for pure PU. Moreover, PU/PPy-BF composites exhibited higher mechanical properties than pure PU and PU/PPy, indicating that these conducting fibers can also be used as reinforcement for polymer matrices. The properties of the PPy-BF obtained by the method described herein open interesting possibilities for novel applications of electrically conducting fibers, from smart sensors to new conducting fillers that can be incorporated into several polymer matrixes to develop conducting polymer composites with good mechanical properties.POLYM. COMPOS. , 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers