Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotion and Reading Comprehension in Elderly and Young Adults: An ERP Study

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of emotion and information processing methods on the reading comprehension of elderly and young adults by measuring event related potentials (ERPs). Thirteen young men and thirteen elderly people participated in this study. The elderly subjects were selected using the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE). We used the N400 event-related potential component to measure the ease of processing implausible words. The results of this study showed that young adults had higher accuracy and faster response times for sentence discrimination than elderly adults. The results showed that older adults had higher N400 amplitudes in the negative than positive emotion condition, whereas younger adults showed no influence of emotion. The results demonstrated that adopting an algorithmic reading method to read word-by-word in elderly people reduces the cognitive burden. This finding suggests that young and older adultsâ€™ optimal reading performance may differ in positive and negative emotional states.
P OISONING G ENERATIVE M ODELS TO P ROMOTE C ATASTROPHIC F ORGETTING

Generative models have grown into the workhorse of many state-of-the-art machine learning methods. However, their vulnerability under poisoning attacks has been largely understudied. In this work, we investigate this issue in the context of continual learning, where generative replayers are utilized to tackle catastrophic forgetting. By developing a novel customization of dirty-label input-aware backdoors to the online setting, our attacker manages to stealthily promote forgetting while retaining high accuracy at the current task and sustaining strong defenders. Our approach taps into an intriguing property of generative models, namely that they cannot well capture input-dependent triggers. Experiments on four standard datasets corroborate the poisoner’s effectiveness.
Home again: effects of the Mother-Child Home Program on mother and child.

4 successive cohorts of low-income families were randomly assigned either to a home-based intervention program that focused on modeling verbal interaction between mother and child around selected toys and books or to comparison treatments. Large program effects were found on maternal interaction styles in videotaped observations. Small IQ and program-specific effects were found for children in contrast to much larger IQ effects found in earlier research. IQ effects did not appear to have been mediated by changes in maternal behavior. A variation in which toys and books were supplied without home visits was as effective as the full program on IQ but not on maternal behavior. 3 years postprogram , there were no detectable effects in achievement or IQ tests or in first grade teachers' ratings of school adjustment and performance, but IQ and achievement scores were near national norms. Reasons for discrepancies with earlier results are discussed. The results highlight the need for continued experimental evaluation of early intervention programs with safeguards to insure that samples are educationally at risk.
Biochemical Characterization of CPS-1, a Subclass B3 Metallo-β-Lactamase from a Chryseobacterium piscium Soil Isolate

ABSTRACT CPS-1 is a subclass B3 metallo-β-lactamase from a Chryseobacterium piscium isolate collected from soil, showing 68% amino acid identity to the GOB-1 enzyme. CPS-1 was overproduced in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3), purified by chromatography, and biochemically characterized. This enzyme exhibits a broad-spectrum substrate profile, including penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, which overall resembles those of L1, GOB-1, and acquired subclass B3 enzymes AIM-1 and SMB-1.
Biochemical characterization of CPS-1 , a subclass B 3 metallo-ß-lactamase from a 1 Chryseobacterium piscium isolated from soil 2 3

19 CPS-1 is a subclass B3 metallo-β-lactamase from a Chryseobacterium piscium isolated from soil, 20 showing 68 % amino acid identity to GOB-1 enzyme. CPS-1 was overproduced in Escherichia coli 21 Rosetta (DE3), purified by chromatography and biochemically characterized. This enzyme exhibits 22 a broad spectrum substrate profile including penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems, which 23 overall resembles those of L1, GOB-1 and acquired subclass B3 enzymes AIM-1 and SMB-1. 24
STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS

Atomic, structural, and elastic properties of titanium carbide with the boron impurity have been studied in the framework of the density functional theory in the general gradient approximation, by using the software ABINIT. The calculations of the total energy of a TiC supercell with boron impurity atoms showed that the latter do not tend to form clusters in titanium carbide. The equilibrium distances between the adjacent planes of titanium atoms were found to increase in the presence of the boron impurity. The electronic spectra of TiC supercells with various numbers and positions of boron impurity atoms are analyzed. The presence of boron impurity atoms is found to result in the appearance of a subband of their electron states, which is located between the local electronic spectra of the 2s and 2p carbon states by about 0.24 Hartree below the Fermi level. The coordination positions of boron impurity atoms affect only the shape and half-width of their electronic subband. An insignificant increase in the electron density of states just below the Fermi level also takes place. The bulk modulus of a titanium carbide supercell with boron impurity atoms is calculated and analyzed. K e yw o r d s: titanium carbide, boron impurity, atomic structure, elastic properties, electronic structure.
Improved SNARK Frontend for Highly Repetitive Computations

Modern SNARK designs usually feature a frontend-backend paradigm: The frontend compiles a user’s program into some equivalent circuit representation, while the backend calls for a SNARK specifically made for proving circuit satisfiability. While the circuit may be defined over small fields, the backend prover often needs to lift the computation to much larger fields for achieving soundness. This gap results in concrete overheads, for example, when proving SHA2 programs with pairing-based SNARKs. Foraclass of computations that are highly repetitive , we propose an improved frontend that partially bridges this gap. Compared with existing works, our frontend yields circuit representations defined over larger fields but of smaller size. Our implementation shows that for ≈ 100 iterations of SHA2-256 instances, our improved frontend boosts prover runtime by over 3 . 8 × . Central to our result and of independent interest, is an eﬀicient technique for proving non-native ring arithmetic.
Water saving agriculture and sustainable use of water and land resources : volume 2.

Ecological water use are new concept for management and research departments. The principle and methodology of which is also an advanced field in Eco-hydrology. It is a key issues to protect natural vegetation by means of ensuring ecological water use in arid zone. The ecological water use is mainly consists off two parts in no runoff area in the lower reaches of Tarim River Basin. That is, total water amount for restoration groundwater table and total stand water amount of the all river courses. The former is including water amount for restoration of groundwater table, laterad discharge and evaporation of water surface. They are estimated by model I, model II and model III respectively. The estimated results are 8.99x10m, 0.68x10m/a and 0.132 x10m/a respectively. Based on the groundwater depth rising 4 meter requiring 5 years, the total water amount for restoration groundwater table is 2.61 x10m/a by the model IV. The latter, i.e., total stand water amount is 1.992 x10m/a estimated by model V.
To appear in : Mathematics and Computers in Simulation

This paper presents a finite element approach with moving non-matching overlapping grids to solve coupled magneto-mechanical problems. As an example of application, we consider the team workshop problem 28 for an electrodynamic levitation device. The connection between the background mesh including the two exciting coils and the foreground mesh of the conducting plate is established by using a stable projection operator onto the plate boundary. The aim is to determine the dynamic characteristics of the levitating plate: to this end, a coupled solution of the electromagnetic and mechanical problem is necessary.
Key determinants of stakeholders' response to environmental issues in the Maldives

Environmental issues such as climate change, waste and pollution have been frequently discussed and debated among experts and practitioners, and in the world media. Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have been recognised as being environmentally vulnerable because they tend to have a small set of resources and have delicate fragile land and marine eco-systems and a relatively high vulnerability to natural disasters. However, insufficient attention at all sector levels in SIDS has been given to stakeholders’ perspectives about what affects their responses to environmental issues. This thesis presents an investigation of the determinants of responses to environmental issues in a SIDS country.
Factor Learning Portfolio Optimization Informed by Continuous-Time Finance Models

We study financial portfolio optimization in the presence of unknown and uncontrolled system variables referred to as stochastic factors. Existing work falls into two distinct categories: (i) reinforcement learning employs end-to-end policy learning with flexible factor representation, but does not precisely model the dynamics of asset prices or factors; (ii) continuous-time finance methods, in contrast, take advantage of explicitly modeled dynamics but pre-specify, rather than learn, factor representation. We propose FaLPO (factor learning portfolio optimization), a framework that interpolates between these two approaches. Specifically, FaLPO hinges on deep policy gradient to learn a performant investment policy that takes advantage of flexible representation for stochastic factors. Meanwhile, FaLPO also incorporates continuous-time finance models when modeling the dynamics. It uses the optimal policy functional form derived from such models and optimizes an objective that combines policy learning and model calibration. We prove the convergence of FaLPO and provide performance guarantees via a finite-sample bound. On both synthetic and real-world portfolio optimization tasks, we observe that FaLPO outperforms five leading methods. Finally, we show that FaLPO can be extended to other decision-making problems with stochastic factors.
A Publication of the Association of Management STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF RFID-THE PERSPECTIVE OF IT DECISION MAKERS IN ITALY

RFID technologies are currently considered a hot topic in the IT arena and have been described as a major enabling technology for automated, contactless, wireless data collection. Little is known about the perceived strategic importance of RFID among IT decision makers, current RFID usage, companies' intentions to invest in RFID and companies’ visions of RFID application. This research contributes quantitative data on IT decision makers’ view of RFID across various industries and company sizes in Italy. RFID is currently not very widespread. Many IT decision makers have not even heard about it. Those who have thought about the topic perceive RFID as a strategic issue. They expect the importance of RFID to rise significantly over the next few years. Companies’ RFID budgets will rise over the next 5 years and IT decision makers are willing to invest in the technology. However, RFID is not a topic of high priority on the IT agenda. IT decision makers hope for more process accuracy and reduction of errors. Moreover, they see RFID as a means to enable new service, even though they do not think it could influence their core competencies significantly.
A Publication of the Association of Management ENGAGING TESTERS EARLY AND THROUGHOUT THE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS : SIX MODELS AND A SIMULATION STUDY

Software testing is indispensable in ensuring software quality. Traditionally, testing has been viewed as a separate and distinct stage at the end of the software development process. However, testing activities have evolved from the “code and fix” process of executing a piece of software in an attempt to find coding errors, to a collaborative coordinated effort with testing activities embedded throughout the entire software development life cycle. The benefits of contemporary testing activities include: linking together of perspectives across the entire organization, development of a better software product with fewer errors, and reduced cost by avoiding or finding errors earlier in the development life cycle. In spite of an emerging view that testing activities should be included early and throughout the software development process, there is little research in the area of how this can be accomplished. This paper attempted to address this void by offering six models for engaging testers early and throughout the software development process. It also carried out a simulation study with the indepth surveyed data from 13 software testing professionals, for the purpose of determining which of the six models would be best under different development environment circumstances.
A three-dimensionally preserved sauropod manus impression from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal: Implications for sauropod manus shape and locomotor mechanics

Sauropods were the largest animals ever to walk the earth, and evolved several specializations in their limbs in order to support their body mass. Their legs became columnar and their manual digits became reduced and encapsulated in tissue to form a single weight-bearing unit in the derived sauropods. A new three-dimensionally preserved cast of a sauropod manus, found in the Upper Jurassic Lourinha Formation, Portugal, demonstrates not only the shape, but also the actual movements of the sauropod manus during the stride. The manus cast is 32 cm deep, and show the manus to be hoof-shaped and lacking any impressions of individual digits, except for digit I, the pollex. Well preserved striations from skin on the sides of the cast show that the manus was covered in rough, tubercular skin. The width of the manus cast is consistent from top to bottom, demonstrating that the manus was brought down and lifted vertically before any parasaggital movement of the upper limb took place. ka u p ia | D ar m st ad te r B ei tr ag e zu r N at u rg es ch ic h te | H ef t 14 | 4 7 –5 2 | D ar m st ad t, 1 8 . J u li 2 0 0 5 |
Observations of surface radiation and stratospheric processes at Thule Air Base, Greenland, during the IPY

Ground-based measurements of atmospheric parameters have been carried out for more than 20 years at the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) station at Thule Air Base (76.5°N, 68.8°W), on the north-western coast of Greenland. Various instruments dedicated to the study of the lower and middle polar atmosphere are installed at Thule in the framework of a long standing collaboration among Danish, Italian, and US research institutes and universities. This effort aims at monitoring the composition, structure and dynamics of the polar stratosphere, and at studying the Arctic energy budget and the role played by different factors, such as aerosols, water vapour, and surface albedo. During the International Polar Year (IPY), in winter 2008-2009, an intensive measurement campaign was conducted at Thule within the framework of the IPY project “Ozone layer and UV radiation in a changing climate evaluated during IPY” (ORACLE-O3) which sought to improve our understanding of the complex mechanisms that lead to the Arctic stratospheric O 3 depletion. The campaign involved a lidar system, measuring aerosol backscatter and depolarization ratios up to 35 km and atmospheric temperature profiles from 25 to 70 km altitude, a ground-based millimeter-wave spectrometer (GBMS) used to derive stratospheric mixing ratio profiles of different chemical species involved in the stratospheric ozone depletion cycle, and then ground-based radiometers and a Cimel sunphotometer to study the Arctic radiative budget at the surface. The observations show that the surface radiation budget is mainly regulated by the longwave component throughout most of the year. Clouds have a significant impact contributing to enhance the role of longwave radiation. Besides clouds, water vapour seasonal changes produce the largest modification in the shortwave component at the surface, followed by changes in surface albedo and in aerosol amounts. For what concerns the middle atmosphere, during the first part of winter 2008-2009 the cold polar vortex allowed for the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) which were observed above Thule by means of the lidar. This period was also characterized by GBMS measurements of low values of O 3 due to the catalytic reactions prompted by the PSCs. In mid-January, as the most intense Sudden Stratospheric Warming event ever observed in the Arctic occurred, GBMS and lidar measurements of O 3 , N 2 O, CO and temperature described its evolution as it propagated from the upper atmosphere to the lower stratosphere.
Junior High School Students' Critical Thinking Ability in Biology Learning through Liveworksheet E-LKPD Based on Scientific Approach

This study aimed to assess junior high school students' critical thinking skills in biology learning using Liveworksheet E-LKPD based on a scientific approach. Critical thinking skills assessments, teacher interviews, and student response questionnaires were used as data collection techniques. The n-gain, normality test, homogeneity test, and independent sample t-test were used to assess critical thinking skills data. The questionnaire and interview data were analyzed descriptively in percentage form. The results revealed significant differences in critical thinking skills between students in the experimental and control groups (Sig. 0.05). The learning process and teaching materials employed produce differences in students' critical thinking skills, students are not accustomed to working on critical thinking problems, and teachers have not maximized learning activities with the scientific approach.ABSTRAK: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada pembelajaran biologi di jenjang SMP melalui pemanfaatan E-LKPD dalam liveworksheet berbasis pendekatan saintifik. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemberian tes kemampuan berpikir kritis, pelaksanaan wawancara guru, dan angket tanggapan siswa. Data kemampuan berpikir kritis dianalisis dengan n-gain, uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji independen sampel t-test, sedangkan data angket dan wawancara dianalisis secara deskriptif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis yang nyata di antara siswa kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol (Sig. 0,05). Perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa disebabkan oleh proses pembelajaran dan bahan ajar yang digunakan serta siswa belum terbiasa mengerjakan soal-soal berpikir kritis dan guru belum mengoptimalkan kegiatan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan saintifik.
Public-Key Encryption from Average Hard NP Language

The question of whether public-key encryption (PKE) can be constructed from the assumption that one-way functions (OWF) exist remains a central open problem. In this paper we give two constructions of bit PKE scheme derived from any NP language L , along with a polynomial-time instance-witness sampling algorithm. Furthermore, we prove that if L is average hard NP language, the the presented schemes is CPA secure. Our results give a positive answer to this longstanding problem, as the existence of OWF implies the existence of average hard NP language with a polynomial-time instance-witness sampling algorithm. Additionally, we obtain a witness encryption (WE) scheme for NP language based on the presented PKE scheme. This result highlights that WE scheme can also be established based on the existence of OWF.
The gaseous exchange of ozone at terrestrial surfaces : non-stomatal deposition to grassland

Tropospheric ozone has detrimental effects on the health of vegetation and humans. It is also a direct greenhouse gas and plays a role in the chemistry of many other gases. Current measurements and model results show concentrations have increased and this is likely to continue. Thus it is important to understand how ozone is generated and processed in the atmosphere. New critical levels that use accumulated stomatal uptake rather than atmospheric concentration have recently been set by the UNECE to quantify the effect of ozone on vegetation. There are models available that can estimate the stornatal flux but the non-stomatal component is not well described. The total flux of ozone was measured over grassland in central Scotland during 2001 to 2004 using micrometeorological methods and the uptake by stomata estimated by similarity with the water-vapour flux. The non-stomata1 component is estimated using Rns = (Rc-l - Rs-l)-1 where Rns = non-stomatal surface resistance to ozone deposition, Rc = total canopy resistance, Rs = stomatal resistance. The dataset is used to examine the processes controlling deposition at this site and a new parameterisation for the non-stornatal component is described. There are two forms of model commonly used to estimate stomatal resistance: Iarvis type multiplicative models, and Ball-Berry photosynthesis based approaches. Both methods are employed to estimate bulk-canopy stomatal conductance and so gap-fill the measured time series. The resulting estimates of Rns were found to decrease with increasing surface temperature, solar radiation, humidity and friction velocity. The response of Rns to these variables was also dependant on surface wetness with deposition being enhanced over wet surfaces compared to dry, upto temperatures of ~20°C. New parameterisations based on these results are developed and implemented in a total-deposition model. The results are compared to the measured data and estimates from both a standard type of model and one utilising an existing parameterisation for Rns based on humidity. The parameterisation was found to improve estimates of total canopy resistance for wet surfaces compared to both the other models, although for dry surfaces it did not perform as well as the humidity based model.
A User-Controlled Document Recommendation System for Knowledge Workers

For knowledge workers, selecting documents can be a time-consuming and arduous task. While there have been significant resources and e ff orts devoted to developing recommendation systems for social media and e-commerce, the same financial incentives and profit opportunities do not exist for improving knowledge workers’ navigation of modern information spaces. There are currently no multimedia document recommendation systems designed specifically for knowledge workers.This paper proposes ideas for building a document recommendation system that empowers users to have control over the recommendations generated. This includes user understanding of the recommended items as well as the ability to fine-tune the recommendations. We also present an implementation of this document recommendation system using Dash, a hypermedia system designed for document-centric workflows, that incorporates the core ideas of the document recommendation system introduced in this paper.