Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vasculature White Fat Progenitor Cells Reside in the Adipose

www.sciencemag. org (this information is current as of October 29, 2008 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/322/5901/583 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/1156232/DC1 can be found at: Supporting Online Material found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/322/5901/583#related-content http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/322/5901/583#otherarticles , 8 of which can be accessed for free: cites 29 articles This article http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/medicine Medicine, Diseases : subject collections This article appears in the following http://www.sciencemag. org/about/permissions.dtl in whole or in part can be found at: this article permission to reproduce of this article or about obtaining reprints Information about obtaining
A System Analysis and Design of Marketing Strategy for Improving Pineapple Agritourism

Marketing strategy is the most important factor to increase the visitor's number to an agritourism. Accordingly, the selection of the best marketing strategy is needed so it provides the maximum result. Failure of strategy implementation can cause income loss for agritourism operational. Hence, adequate system analysis and business process design are needed to reduce the possibility of failure. This paper aims to analyze the requirements of the system and to design the business process including identify and determine visitor preferences in agritourism facilities and determine association rules of the priority marketing strategy for improving pineapple agritourism. Analytical system entity construction was used to describe the requirements of the system, the Unified Modeling Language and Business Process Model and Notation 2.0 were used to design the business process. Due to the limited marketing budget, the top eight most interesting facilities based on visitor preferences were determined by RELIEF-F algorithm. Then, the actionable marketing rules were determined by ARM algorithm. The result of system analysis shows that the system requires facilities and visitor preferences as inputs, agritourism operational and visitor as stakeholders, to result in an output of association rules as improved marketing strategies. From the design, we obtained the top eight facilities are camping ground, photo spot, pineapple field tour, pineapple factory tour, culture attraction, bicycle track, gazebo, and playground. ARM results association rules design is composed of five facilities: pineapple factory, pineapple field, gazebo, playground, and photo spot. From the result, we can conclude that the agritourism operational should consider placing the facilities close to each other according to obtained association rules.
Protection of the Liver by Ischemic Preconditioning: A Review of Mechanisms and Clinical Applications

Ischemic preconditioning refers to the endogenous mechanism of protection against a sustained ischemic insult following an initial, brief ischemic stimulus. Ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in liver surgery and transplantation and ischemic preconditioning is a promising strategy for improving the outcome of liver surgery. The preconditioning phenomenon was first described in a canine model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in 1986 and since then has been shown to exist in other organs including skeletal muscle, brain, kidneys, retina and liver. In the liver, the preconditioning effect has been demonstrated in rodents and a recent study has demonstrated human clinical benefits of preconditioning during hemihepatectomies. Ischemic preconditioning has been described as an adaptive response and although the precise mechanism of hepatoprotection from preconditioning is unknown it is likely to be a receptor-mediated process. Several hypotheses have been proposed and this review assesses possible mechanisms of ischemic preconditioning and its role in hepatic surgery and liver transplantation. The future lies in defining the mechanisms of the ischemic preconditioning effect to allow drug targeting to induce the preconditioning response.
Vestibular blueprint in early vertebrates

Central vestibular neurons form identifiable subgroups within the boundaries of classically outlined octavolateral nuclei in primitive vertebrates that are distinct from those processing lateral line, electrosensory, and auditory signals. Each vestibular subgroup exhibits a particular morpho-physiological property that receives origin-specific sensory inputs from semicircular canal and otolith organs. Behaviorally characterized phenotypes send discrete axonal projections to extraocular, spinal, and cerebellar targets including other ipsi- and contralateral vestibular nuclei. The anatomical locations of vestibuloocular and vestibulospinal neurons correlate with genetically defined hindbrain compartments that are well conserved throughout vertebrate evolution though some variability exists in fossil and extant vertebrate species. The different vestibular subgroups exhibit a robust sensorimotor signal processing complemented with a high degree of vestibular and visual adaptive plasticity.
Haematological, biochemical and selected acute phase protein reference intervals for weaned female Merino lambs.

BACKGROUND Merino lambs are currently the subject of much research into the welfare aspects of mulesing and mulesing alternatives. OBJECTIVE Obtain haematology, biochemistry and acute phase protein reference intervals using modern methodologies for female Merino lambs. METHOD Blood was collected from 50, weaned, 9- to 16-week-old, female Merino lambs. Haematology and biochemistry panels were performed using routine automated methods. The acute phase proteins, fibrinogen, serum amyloid A and haptoglobin, were also measured using commercially available techniques. The reference intervals were determined to be the central 95% of results. RESULTS Differences in the concentrations for some analytes were seen when compared with reported studies in sheep, but may be explained by the use of sheep of a different signalment, as well as different methodologies for analyte measurement. Overall, most analytes gave similar values to those previously reported in other studies. Notable exceptions were alkaline phosphatase, phosphate and globulins, for which the different results were often attributed to the younger age of the sheep in the present study, and platelets and creatine kinase, for which the elevated levels may have been a result of stress and muscle exertion associated with blood collection and husbandry practices. CONCLUSION Established haematological, biochemical and acute phase protein reference intervals are necessary for the investigation of the systemic impact of mulesing and mulesing alternatives and for the investigation of systemic diseases affecting weaned, 9- to 16-week-old, female Merino lambs in general.
Analysis and experimental verification of digital substrate noise generation for epi-type substrates

Substrate coupling in mixed-signal IC's can cause important performance degradation of the analog circuits. Accurate simulation is therefore needed to investigate the generation, propagation, and impact of substrate noise. Recent studies were limited to the time-domain behavior of generated substrate noise and to noise injection from a single noise source. This paper focuses on substrate noise generation by digital circuits and on the spectral content of this noise. To simulate the noise generation, a SPICE substrate model for heavily doped epi-type substrates has been used. The accuracy of this model has been verified with measurements of substrate noise, using a wide-band, continuous-time substrate noise sensor, which allows accurate measurement of the spectral content of substrate noise. The substrate noise generation of digital circuits is analyzed, both in the time and frequency domain, and the influence of the different substrate noise coupling mechanisms is demonstrated. It is shown that substrate noise voltages up to 20 mV are generated and that, in the frequency band up to 1 GHz, noise peaks are generated at multiples of the clock and repetition frequency. These noise signals will strongly deteriorate the behavior of small signal analog amplifiers, as used in integrated front-ends.
Sparse signal recovery via multipath matching pursuit

In this paper, we propose a sparse recovery algorithm, termed multiple path matching pursuit (MMP), that improves the recovery performance of sparse signals. By investigating the multiple paths and then choosing the most promising path in the final moment, the MMP algorithm improves the chance of finding the true support and therefore enhances the recovery performance. From the restricted isometry property (RIP) analysis, we show that the MMP algorithm can perfectly reconstruct any K-sparse (K >1) signals, √provided that the sensing matrix satisfies RIP with δK+L <; √ L/√ K +3√ L. We demonstrate by empirical simulations that the MMP algorithm is very competitive in both noisy and noiseless scenarios.
Cohen-Macaulay residual intersections and their Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity

In this article we study the structure of residual intersections via constructing a finite complex which is acyclic under some sliding depth conditions on the cycles of the Koszul complex. This complex provides information on an ideal which coincides with the residual intersection in the case of geometric residual intersection; and is closely related to it in general. A new success obtained through studying such a complex is to prove the Cohen-Macaulayness of residual intersections of a wide class of ideals. For example we show that, in a Cohen-Macaulay local ring, any geometric residual intersection of an ideal that satisfies the sliding depth condition is Cohen-Macaulay; this is an affirmative answer to one of the main open questions in the theory of residual intersection. The complex we construct also provides a bound for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of a residual intersection in term of the degrees of the minimal generators.
Biperpedia: An Ontology for Search Applications

Search engines make significant efforts to recognize queries that can be answered by structured data and invest heavily in creating and maintaining high-precision databases. While these databases have a relatively wide coverage of entities, the number of attributes they model (e.g., GDP, CAPITAL, ANTHEM) is relatively small. Extending the number of attributes known to the search engine can enable it to more precisely answer queries from the long and heavy tail, extract a broader range of facts from the Web, and recover the semantics of tables on the Web. We describe Biperpedia, an ontology with 1.6M (class, attribute) pairs and 67K distinct attribute names. Biperpedia extracts attributes from the query stream, and then uses the best extractions to seed attribute extraction from text. For every attribute Biperpedia saves a set of synonyms and text patterns in which it appears, thereby enabling it to recognize the attribute in more contexts. In addition to a detailed analysis of the quality of Biperpedia, we show that it can increase the number of Web tables whose semantics we can recover by more than a factor of 4 compared with Freebase.
An improved artificial potential field method for solving local minimum problem

An improved artificial potential field (APF) method is proposed for solving local minimum problems. An additional force is provided and the virtual local minimum area is developed. The influences of parameters in improved APF are also discussed and the genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced for parameters optimization. Some simulation studies with single obstacle and multiple obstacles have carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Bayesian Kernel Shaping for Learning Control

In kernel-based regression learning, optimizing each kernel individually is useful when the data density, curvature of regression surfaces (or decision boundaries) or magnitude of output noise varies spatially. Previous work has suggested gradient descent techniques or complex statistical hypothesis methods for local kernel shaping, typically requiring some amount of manual tuning of meta parameters. We introduce a Bayesian formulation of nonparametric regression that, with the help of variational approximations, results in an EM-like algorithm for simultaneous estimation of regression and kernel parameters. The algorithm is computationally efficient, requires no sampling, automatically rejects outliers and has only one prior to be specified. It can be used for nonparametric regression with local polynomials or as a novel method to achieve nonstationary regression with Gaussian processes. Our methods are particularly useful for learning control, where reliable estimation of local tangent planes is essential for adaptive controllers and reinforcement learning. We evaluate our methods on several synthetic data sets and on an actual robot which learns a task-level control law.
The Open-Access Journal for the Basic Principles of Diffusion Theory , Experiment and Application Diffusion in Tumors and Normal Tissues

The process of delivering blood-borne, diffusible materials such as drugs, nutrients, and imaging tracers from a supply artery to a cell in a tissue depends strongly on the geometry of the vascular network. While normal tissues have vessels that undergo an orderly branching hierarchy that feeds a relatively uniform capillary bed, tumors have vessels that are dilated, tortuous, leaky and haphazardly arranged. In our recent studies we have examined how the differences in vascular architecture between normal and tumor tissues influence diffusion from blood vessel to cell [1]. Specifically, we have developed two simple geometric measures of the blood vessels that can be used in any tissue type to estimate the rates of delivery. The maximum distance that a cell resides from the nearest blood vessel determines the overall duration of the diffusion process, while a newly identified convexity index relates the shape of the spaces between the vessels to the rate of transport at earlier times. Our results are based on a combination of clearance experiments in animal models, numerical simulations built on three-dimensional images of vasculature in vivo, and a quasi-one-dimensional analysis of diffusion in irregular geometries. We found a simple analytical relationship between the spatial arrangement of the vessels and the temporal features of diffusive transport in tissues. We offer additional support for the hypothesis that tumor vasculature is geometrically similar to structures found in other percolation processes [2,3]. Our results promise to be useful for evaluating new therapeutic agents that modify vascular growth in tumors thus changing their transport efficiency [4]. Moreover, the methods developed here for medical applications may be broadly applicable to other diffusion processes in irregularly-shaped domains.
ASR: augmented sound reality

This sketch describes the Mixed Reality application ASR (Augmented Sound Reality) which uses the overlay of virtual images on the real world to support the placement of three dimensional sound sources. Our system allows to place sound sources in a virtual or real room with the advantage of feeling, seeing and hearing them. This implies a more intuitive and better feeling of space and 3D sound.
Partial scan delay fault testing of asynchronous circuits

Asynchronous circuits operate correctly only under timing assumptions. Hence testing those circuits for delay faults is crucial. The paper describes a three step method to detect possible delay faults in a sequential asynchronous circuit. The delays that are to be tested must be provided by the synthesis system. By using this information a set of paths in the circuit that must be tested is identified (step 1). For these paths the circuit is made acyclic by inserting at least one scan latch in every cycle (step 2). Then test patterns are generated for these paths (step 3). These test patterns consist of setup and initialization vectors and the final test vector. We provide effective procedures to solve both the initialization and the test pattern generation problem. The latter problem is solved by reduction to a classical problem of stuck-at test pattern generation for a related combinational circuit. Finally, a heuristic is proposed to determine which state variables must become part of a scan chain, or for which input variables the positive and negative phase must be driven independently in test mode. Experimental results shows that a high level of path delay fault testability can be achieved with partial scan.
A Low Power 90nm Technology based CMOS Digital Gates with Dual Threshold Transistor Stacking Technique

Scaling of transistor features sizes has improves performance, increase transistor density and reduces the power consumption. A chip’s maximum power consumption depends on its technology as well as its implementation. As technology scales down and CMOS circuits are powered by lower supply voltages, leakage current becomes significant. static power is becoming the predominant source of energy waste. To create methodologies that support efficient designs, good performance, lower costs in the era of low power, is up to the design, EDA community . As the threshold voltage is reduced due to scaling, it leads to increase in sub threshold leakage current and hence increase in static power dissipation. This paper presents performance analysis of inverter using conventional CMOS, stack and dual threshold transistor stacking techniques. The performance analysis of inverter were analyzed in 90nm technology using Cadence virtuoso environment. The use of dual threshold voltages can significantly reduce static power dissipated in CMOS VLSI circuits.
Sub-acute systemic erythropoietin administration reduces ischemic brain injury in an age-dependent manner

Stroke is associated with neuroinflammation, neuronal loss and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Thus far, recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA), the only approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke, increases the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and is poorly efficient in disaggregating platelet-rich thrombi. Therefore, the development of safer and more efficient therapies is highly awaited. Encouraging neuroprotective effects were reported in mouse models of ischemic stroke following administration of erythropoietin (EPO). However, previous preclinical studies did not investigate the effects of EPO in focal ischemic stroke induced by a platelet-rich thrombus and did not consider the implication of age. Here, we performed middle cerebral artery occlusion by inducing platelet-rich thrombus formation in chimeric 5- (i.e. young) and 20- (i.e. aged) months old C57BL/6 mice, in which hematopoietic stem cells carried the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tag. Recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) was administered 24 hours post-occlusion and blood-circulating monocyte populations were studied by flow cytometry 3 hours post-rhEPO administration. Twenty-four hours following rhEPO treatment, neuronal loss and BBB integrity were assessed by quantification of Fluoro-Jade B (FJB)-positive cells and extravasated serum immunoglobulins G (IgG), respectively. Neuroinflammation was determined by quantifying infiltration of GFP-positive bone marrow-derived cells (BMDC) and recruitment of microglial cells into brain parenchyma, along with monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) brain protein levels. Here, rhEPO anti-inflammatory properties rescued ischemic injury by reducing neuronal loss and BBB breakdown in young animals, but not in aged littermates. Such age-dependent effects of rhEPO must therefore be taken into consideration in future studies aiming to develop new therapies for ischemic stroke.
The Development of Upper Limb Movements: From Fetal to Post-Natal Life

Background The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate how the kinematic organization of upper limb movements changes from fetal to post-natal life. By means of off-line kinematical techniques we compared the kinematics of hand-to-mouth and hand-to-eye movements, in the same individuals, during prenatal life and early postnatal life, as well as the kinematics of hand-to-mouth and reaching-toward-object movements in the later age periods. Methodology/Principal Findings Movements recorded at the 14th, 18th and 22nd week of gestation were compared with similar movements recorded in an ecological context at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 12 months after birth. The results indicate a similar kinematic organization depending on movement type (i.e., eye, mouth) for the infants at one month and for the fetuses at 22 weeks of gestation. At two and three months such differential motor planning depending on target is lost and no statistical differences emerge. Hand to eye movements were no longer observed after the fourth month of life, therefore we compared kinematics for hand to mouth with hand to object movements. Results of these analyses revealed differences in the performance of hand to mouth and reaching to object movements in the length of the deceleration phase of the movement, depending on target. Conclusion/Significance Data are discussed in terms of how the passage from intrauterine to extra-uterine environments modifies motor planning. These results provide novel evidence of how different types of upper extremity movements, those directed towards one’s own face and those directed to external objects, develop.
Effect of Mamillary Body Lesions on Brightness Discrimination

Following extensive lesion of the neural structures adjacent to the third ventricle, eight thirst-motivated albino rats were trained on an alternative black-white brightness discrimination in a 3-choice-point straightaway. Acquisition performance (number of errors) of these animals was comparable to that of an equal number of operated controls. These and other data reported support the position that nuclei surrounding the third ventricle play no essential role in mediating the acquisition of a thirst-motivated brightness discrimination.
The paradox of obesity cardiomyopathy and the potential for weight loss as a therapy

Obesity is an independent risk factor for developing heart failure and the combination of the two disease states will prove to be a significant health burden over the coming years. Obesity is likely to contribute to the development of heart failure through a variety of mechanisms, including structural and functional changes, lipotoxicity and steatosis and altered substrate selection. However, once heart failure has developed, it seems that obesity confers a beneficial influence on prognosis in what has been termed the ‘obesity paradox’. This may be a statistical phenomenon, but it should be considered that there is truly a protective state in the physiology of obesity. There is little evidence regarding the impact of weight loss in obese heart failure and whether or not this is beneficial. There have been small studies regarding the cardiovascular effects of both dietary weight loss and bariatric surgery, but few in heart failure. This is an important and increasingly relevant clinical question which must be addressed.