Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Si loin, si proches: Liens et communications à l'épreuve du déménagement

Etaye par les resultats d’une recherche menee entre 1998 et 2000 aupres de menages ayant change de region de residence, cet article traite des effets de la mobilite sur la sociabilite et du role specifique qu’y jouent les telecommunications. L’analyse, qui privilegie deliberement le probleme du maintien des liens, met en lumiere la valorisation de l’anciennete dans l’appreciation de ces liens par les menages mobiles, comme si cette historicite pouvait attenuer le deracinement spatial. La volonte de maintenir ces liens malgre l’eloignement se traduit en particulier par le passage d’une telephonie de coordination a une telephonie de substitution. La part croissante que prennent aujourd’hui les nouveaux modes de telecommunication (telephonie cellulaire, e-mail.) tend par ailleurs a modifier la distribution des roles au sein du menage dans l’entretien de sa sociabilite.
Enhanced Carotenoid Biosynthesis by Oxidative Stress in Acetate-Induced Cyst Cells of a Green Unicellular Alga, Haematococcus pluvialis

In a green alga, Haematococcus pluvialis, a morphological change of vegetative cells into cyst cells was rapidly induced by the addition of acetate or acetate plus Fe2+ to the vegetative growth phase. Accompanied by cyst formation, algal astaxanthin formation was more enhanced by the addition of acetate plus Fe2+ than by the addition of acetate alone. Encystment and enhanced carotenoid biosynthesis were inhibited by either actinomycin D or cycloheximide. However, after cyst formation was induced by the addition of acetate alone, carotenoid formation could be enhanced with the subsequent addition of Fe2+ even in the presence of the inhibitors. The Fe2+ -enhanced carotenogenesis was inhibited by potassium iodide, a scavenger for hydroxyl radical, suggesting that hydroxyl radical formed by an iron-catalyzed Fenton reaction may be required for enhanced carotenoid biosynthesis. Moreover, it was demonstrated that four active oxygen species, singlet oxygen, superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxy radical, were capable of replacing Fe2+ in its role in the enhanced carotenoid formation in the acetate-induced cyst. From these results, it was concluded that oxidative stress is involved in the posttranslational activation of carotenoid biosynthesis in acetate-induced cyst cells.
Using Assessment Centres for Management Development—Five Applications

Development applications of assessment centres represent an emerging and exciting area for human resources practitioners interested in maximising the benefits of such centres to their organisations and the people who work in them. Five applications are emerging: the use of assessment centre feedback, in itself, as a management development tool; early identification of high potential development programmes; use of centres for diagnosing strengths/weaknesses and devising individual training and development programmes; service as an assessor and as a developmental experience; and the centre as a tool for organisational planning/development.
Conditioned emotional responses in racial prejudice

Abstract This study pursues a learning theory understanding of adverse race-elicited emotion and racially discriminatory behaviour. Multimodal classical conditioning argues that emotional reactions to neutral stimuli are built from aversive, appetitive and neutral experiences involving those stimuli in direct, observational and/or verbal modes. Modern two-factor theory argues that once adverse emotions are established, avoidance is likely to develop. Participants rated their frequency of aversive, appetitive and neutral experiences with racially different others; the degree of fear, anxiety and anger they typically feel in inter-racial situations; and the frequency with which they avoid/approach such situations. Results indicated that direct, observational and verbal aversive contacts were associated with more fear, anxiety and anger. Neutral contacts in all modes were associated with less fear and observational neutral contacts were associated with less anger. Direct avoidance was predicted by fear and anxiety. The value of using this approach to understand adverse race-elicited emotion is discussed.
Investigation of an Iron-Oxidizing Microbial Mat Community Located near Aarhus, Denmark: Laboratory Studies

We constructed a small flow chamber in which suboxic medium containing 60 to 120 μM FeCl2 flowed up through a sample well into an aerated reservoir, thereby creating an suboxic-oxic interface similar to the physicochemical conditions that exist in natural iron seeps. When microbial mat material from the Marselisborg iron seep that contained up to 109 bacterial cells per cm3 (D. Emerson and N. P. Revsbech, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:4022-4031, 1994) was placed in the sample well of the chamber, essentially all of the Fe2+ flowing through the sample well was oxidized at rates of up to 1,200 nmol of Fe2+ oxidized per h per cm3 of mat material. The oxidation rates of samples of the mat that were pasteurized prior to inoculation were only about 20 to 50% of the oxidation rates of unpasteurized samples. Sodium azide also significantly inhibited oxidation. These results suggest that at least 50% and up to 80% of the Fe oxidation in the chamber were actively mediated by the microbes in the mat. It also appeared that Fe stimulated the growth of the community since chambers fed with FeCl2 accumulated masses of either filamentous or particulate growth, both in the sample well and attached to the walls of the chamber. Control chambers that did not receive FeCl2 showed no sign of such growth. Furthermore, after 4 to 5 days the chambers fed with FeCl2 contained 35 to 75% more protein than chambers not supplemented with FeCl2. Leptothrix ochracea and, to a lesser extent, Gallionella spp. were responsible for the filamentous growth, and the sheaths and stalks, respectively, of these two organisms harbored large numbers of Fe-encrusted, nonappendaged unicellular bacteria. In chambers where particulate growth predominated, the unicellular bacteria alone appeared to be the primary agents of iron oxidation. These results provide the first clear evidence that the “iron bacteria” commonly found associated with neutral-pH iron seeps are responsible for most of the iron oxidation and that the presence of ferrous iron appears to stimulate the growth of these organisms.
Some new thoughts in researching consumer satisfaction: an extension of Herzberg's motivator and hygiene factor theory

The paper reports the empirical findings of guest satisfaction by extending Herzberg's Motivator and Hygiene Factor Theory. It explores guest satisfaction dimensions and the service attributes that can be termed as satisfiers/ motivators and dissatisfiers/hygiene factors. Data collection is conducted using in-depth interviews, which involved 29 guests who stayed at ecolodges in Sabah, Malaysia. The findings reveal that guest satisfaction measurement can be interpreted into two facets. The empirical evidence reveals that guest satisfaction dimensions can be divided into four categories: a) personal experience (natural environment and experiences, lodge environment), b) social activities (riverboat cruise, jungle walk, and group dynamic), c) performance of guide and boatman (knowledge, experience and skills), and d) instrumental (lodge/room). Interestingly, the instrument of lodge/room is regarded as meeting the expectations and minimum standards of the guests that did not contribute to or influence the guest satisfaction level. Dissatisfaction dimensions are sourced from different sets of constructs and are related to environmental degradation, the operation of the riverboat cruise, the lodge/room maintenance, and facilities. This means that there are two different motivational forces that determine guest satisfaction, via two different continua. Satisfiers are constructs related to personal experiential aspects derived from the natural environment and attractions, physical sites and leisure activities. Dissatisfiers are constructs related to the performance and availability of facilities, amenities and maintenance in the ecolodge context. This seems to indicate that guest satisfaction is a two-dimensional measurement that corresponds well to Herzberg's theory. This theory is capable of informing the two distinct constructs and of expressing service quality dimensions in a more meaningful way as satisfiers and dissatisfiers; this is a better way to address human satisfaction compared to expectancy disconfirmation and service quality theory as both of these theoretical underpinning are driven by product and services. The paper provides the advancement and broad application of Herzberg's theory to further understand guest satisfaction.
Atorvastatin protects endothelial colony-forming cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage by regulating the expression of annexin A2

Endothelial dysfunction and injury are central events in the pathogenesis of ischemic vascular disorders. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are mobilized from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, where they locate to sites of injured endothelium and are involved in endothelial repair and vascular regeneration. During these processes, EPCs are exposed to oxidative stress, a crucial pathological condition, which occurs during vascular injury and limits the efficacy of EPCs in the repair of injured endothelium. Statins are effective inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and are commonly used to manage and prevent ischemic vascular disease by reducing plasma cholesterol levels. In addition to lowering cholesterol, statins have also been reported to exert pleiotropic actions, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of atorvastatin to protect endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), a homogeneous subtype of EPCs, from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage, and to determine the mechanism underlying this protective action. MTT assay, acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, reactive oxygen species assay, western blot analysis and tube formation assay were employed. The results demonstrated that H2O2 induced cell death and decreased the tube-forming ability of the ECFCs, in a concentration-dependent manner; however, these effects were partially attenuated following administration of atorvastatin. The reversion of the quantitative and qualitative impairment of the H2O2-treated ECFCs appeared to be mediated by the regulation of annexin A2, as the expression levels of annexin A2 were decreased following treatment with H2O2 and increased following treatment with atorvastatin. These results indicated that annexin A2 may be involved in the H2O2-induced damage of ECFCs, and in the protective activities of atorvastatin in response to oxidative stress.
RISC-Linz Research Institute for Symbolic Computation

We study anti-unification for unranked terms and hedges that may contain term and hedge variables. The anti-unification problem of two hedges s̃1 and s̃2 is concerned with finding their generalization, a hedge q̃ such that both s̃1 and s̃2 are instances of q̃ under some substitutions. Hedge variables help to fill in gaps in generalizations, while term variables abstract single (sub)terms with different top function symbols. First, we design a complete and minimal algorithm to compute least general generalizations. Then, we improve the efficiency of the algorithm by restricting possible alternatives permitted in the generalizations. The restrictions are imposed with the help of a rigidity function that is a parameter in the improved algorithm and selects certain common subsequences from the hedges to be generalized. Finally, we indicate a possible application of the algorithm in software engineering.
Par‐aPKC‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms cooperatively control cell polarity, Hippo signaling, and cell positioning in 16‐cell stage mouse embryos

In preimplantation mouse embryos, the Hippo signaling pathway plays a central role in regulating the fates of the trophectoderm (TE) and the inner cell mass (ICM). In early blastocysts with more than 32 cells, the Par‐aPKC system controls polarization of the outer cells along the apicobasal axis, and cell polarity suppresses Hippo signaling. Inactivation of Hippo signaling promotes nuclear accumulation of a coactivator protein, Yap, leading to induction of TE‐specific genes. However, whether similar mechanisms operate at earlier stages is not known. Here, we show that slightly different mechanisms operate in 16‐cell stage embryos. Similar to 32‐cell stage embryos, disruption of the Par‐aPKC system activated Hippo signaling and suppressed nuclear Yap and Cdx2 expression in the outer cells. However, unlike 32‐cell stage embryos, 16‐cell stage embryos with a disrupted Par‐aPKC system maintained apical localization of phosphorylated Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (p‐ERM), and the effects on Yap and Cdx2 were weak. Furthermore, normal 16‐cell stage embryos often contained apolar cells in the outer position. In these cells, the Hippo pathway was strongly activated and Yap was excluded from the nuclei, thus resembling inner cells. Dissociated blastomeres of 8‐cell stage embryos form polar–apolar couplets, which exhibit different levels of nuclear Yap, and the polar cell engulfed the apolar cell. These results suggest that cell polarization at the 16‐cell stage is regulated by both Par‐aPKC‐dependent and ‐independent mechanisms. Asymmetric cell division is involved in cell polarity control, and cell polarity regulates cell positioning and most likely controls Hippo signaling.
Novice teacher growth and personal models of mentoring: choosing compassion over inquiry

This article presents a model of mentoring which may be used as an analytic tool for reflecting on practices commonly employed in supporting beginning teachers. Eighteen mentors and 36 intern teachers whom they mentored were participants in the study. Analysis of data revealed three general patterns of mentoring—responsive, interactive, and directive—and eight dimensions of mentoring related to: (a) emotional availability; (b) levels of engagement; (c) degree of investment in mentoring relationships; and (d) the capacity for criticalness in their mentoring. Variability among mentors in their ways of enacting the three general mentoring patterns was accounted for by their individual preferences in the eight dimensions of mentoring. Cases representing each general pattern of mentoring are presented, and instances reflecting shifts in general mentoring patterns are explored. Implications for teacher educators who select, prepare, support, or serve as mentors are discussed.
Palmprint recognition based on modified DCT features and RBF neural network

In this paper, a novel palmprint recognition approach is presented. A modified discrete cosine transform based feature extraction method is used to obtain palmprint features. Furthermore, a radial basis function neural network is employed for palmprint classification. In order to facilitate the training of radial basis function neural network, principal components analysis is applied to reduce these features to a reasonable dimension. The experiment results show that the method is effective.
Effects of Endothelin‐1 on the Rat Isolated Heart

Summary This study shows that bolus injections of endothelin-1 (ET-1) (1–30 pmol) produce transient vasodilator and prolonged coronary vasoconstrictor actions. The initial effect on cardiac contractility was a positive inotropic action, but with repeated doses a negative inotropic action developed. Verapamil (0.1 $mUM) antagonized the vasoconstrictor action of Bay K 8644 but did not affect ET-1-induced vasoconstriction. In contrast, removal of extracellular calcium did block the vasoconstrictor action of ET-1. This suggests that vasoconstriction is due to activation of receptor-rather than potential-operated calcium channels. The ET-1-induced vasoconstriction was not due to the release of platelet-activating factor (PAF) or thromboxane A2 since it was not inhibited by WEB 2086 (0.5 $mUM), fluribiprofen (2 $mUM), or BW755C (7 $mUM). In addition, thromboxane Bj could not be detected in the effluent from the heart. The vasoconstrictor action of ET-1 was potentiated by passage of air through the coronary vascular bed, suggesting that an intact endothelium normally opposes this vasoconstrictor effect.
A Survey on Energy-Aware Design and Operation of Core Networks

A detailed survey of approaches reducing energy consumption of core networks is presented in this paper. We consider a multilayer architecture, in which the optical layer can be realized either with a Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) network or an Elastic Optical Network (EON). We focus on the design and operation stages, i.e., deciding which devices to install in the network during the former step, and choosing which devices to put into sleep mode during the latter one. A taxonomy for classifying the surveyed approaches is provided in order to compare the works covering energy efficiency in core networks (in terms of both optimal formulations and heuristic solutions). Moreover, our work provides a global view of the traffic assumptions, the topologies, and the power consumption models in the literature. The need of further investigations in this field clearly emerges. We envision future works targeting: (1) more effective standardization efforts to practically realize sleep modes; (2) the evaluation of the impact of sleep mode on the device lifetime; (3) the extensive adoption of new paradigms like Software Defined Networking (SDN) and EON; and (4) a radical improvement in the testbed implementations.
Tourism, Partnership and a Bunch of Old Fossils: Management for Tourism at the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site

The Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site, declared in 2001, is Britain's first mainland World Heritage Site (WHS) inscribed for its natural values, and one of only eight in the world designated according to geological criteria. The study of exposed rock strata and dinosaur fossils found here has made – and continues to make – a major contribution to understanding the Earth's history; in addition, the WHS covers fine scenery and several nature reserves. Administratively, management of the site is complex because of its mosaic of owners and occupiers and, as WH status carries no statutory powers in the UK, the partnership approach was the only obvious solution. The Site's coastal towns and their rural hinterl and have been afflicted by economic and social decline in recent decades, and the Jurassic Coast initiative is being used as a tool for regeneration. There has been some success already in efforts by local entrepreneurs and the public sector to exploit the opportunities for a renaissance both of the economy and local morale. This paper examines the planning and early implementation stages of the Jurassic Coast programme, detailing successes and examining the linkages between the theory and practice of collaborative management.
A Fast Exact Repeats Search Algorithm for Genome Analysis

The repeat structure of genomic DNA is considered an essential mechanism for evolution and other fundamental biological functions. Repeats finding problems are always deemed as one of the prerequisites for genome sequencing and analysis, and among these problems exact repeat finding is the first step for most other repeats finding problems. In this paper, the authors propose a new fast algorithm based on simple count sort and radix sort to solve the exact repeat finding problems specifically, which performs more efficient than any existing exact repeat finding algorithm by the simplicity of data structure and the proposed algorithm itself. The algorithm can also be easily adapted for similar problems in proteome sequence analysis with little modification.
The International Limits and Population at Risk of Plasmodium vivax Transmission in 2009

Background A research priority for Plasmodium vivax malaria is to improve our understanding of the spatial distribution of risk and its relationship with the burden of P. vivax disease in human populations. The aim of the research outlined in this article is to provide a contemporary evidence-based map of the global spatial extent of P. vivax malaria, together with estimates of the human population at risk (PAR) of any level of transmission in 2009. Methodology The most recent P. vivax case-reporting data that could be obtained for all malaria endemic countries were used to classify risk into three classes: malaria free, unstable (<0.1 case per 1,000 people per annum (p.a.)) and stable (≥0.1 case per 1,000 p.a.) P. vivax malaria transmission. Risk areas were further constrained using temperature and aridity data based upon their relationship with parasite and vector bionomics. Medical intelligence was used to refine the spatial extent of risk in specific areas where transmission was reported to be absent (e.g., large urban areas and malaria-free islands). The PAR under each level of transmission was then derived by combining the categorical risk map with a high resolution population surface adjusted to 2009. The exclusion of large Duffy negative populations in Africa from the PAR totals was achieved using independent modelling of the gene frequency of this genetic trait. It was estimated that 2.85 billion people were exposed to some risk of P. vivax transmission in 2009, with 57.1% of them living in areas of unstable transmission. The vast majority (2.59 billion, 91.0%) were located in Central and South East (CSE) Asia, whilst the remainder were located in America (0.16 billion, 5.5%) and in the Africa+ region (0.10 billion, 3.5%). Despite evidence of ubiquitous risk of P. vivax infection in Africa, the very high prevalence of Duffy negativity throughout Central and West Africa reduced the PAR estimates substantially. Conclusions After more than a century of development and control, P. vivax remains more widely distributed than P. falciparum and is a potential cause of morbidity and mortality amongst the 2.85 billion people living at risk of infection, the majority of whom are in the tropical belt of CSE Asia. The probability of infection is reduced massively across Africa by the frequency of the Duffy negative trait, but transmission does occur on the continent and is a concern for Duffy positive locals and travellers. The final map provides the spatial limits on which the endemicity of P. vivax transmission can be mapped to support future cartographic-based burden estimations.
Coverage Quality Analysis for 3D Wireless Sensor Network

The sensor node deployment quality is defined as the most fundamental issue in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which have a great impact on the quality of coverage and the overall performance of WSNs. When the random deployment is required, where sensor nodes are randomly distributed over on volume area, the coverage problem in three dimensional space is to determine how the sensing field is monitored by the sensor nodes. In this work, we analyzed various probabilistic models for the deployment quality in the in 3D WSN, by deriving several analytical expressions to characterize the topological properties of the network coverage. These probabilistic models are useful as well in the intrusion detection application, to select the critical parameters of sensor network in order to meet the detection quality requirement.