Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis Associated with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

A 16-year-old boy was admitted to our emergency department with confusion and headache. Electroencephalography revealed temporal slowing, cerebral magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated hyperintense signal of the right mesiotemporal lobe, and positron emission tomography demonstrated increased activity in the right temporal lobe. Blood glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (anti-GAD) level was 2114 IU/mL (0–10) and the cerebrospinal fluid anti-GAD level was 4.07 nmol/L (<0.02). These findings led to a consideration of autoimmune LE as a possible diagnosis. Pulse methylprednisolone was administered over five days. After steroid treatment, symptoms improved, but hyperglycemia occurred on the third day of treatment. Glycemia level reached 502 mg/dL. Concurrent insulin level was 42 μIU/mL. Hyperglycemia improved after cessation of steroid treatment. Glycated hemoglobin was 5.6%. The possibility of a steroid-induced hyperglycemia was considered. Six months later, the patient was readmitted with dyspnea and abdominal pain. The family reported occurrence of polyuria and polydipsia during the previous two months. Blood anti-GAD level was >2000 IU/mL. The patient was diagnosed to have T1D. With treatment, the ketoacidosis improved in 10 h. After being educated for diabetes, the patient was discharged. Two months later, he presented with a headache and confusion again. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) 1 g/kg/d for two days every month was administered. Neurological symptoms improved and the daily insulin dose was decreased.
Tactile display as a Braille display for the visually disabled

Tactile sensation is one of the most important sensory functions along with the auditory sensation for the visually impaired because it replaces the visual sensation of the persons with sight. In this paper, we present a tactile display device as a dynamic Braille display that is the unique tool for exchanging information among them. The proposed tactile cell of the Braille display is based on the dielectric elastomer and it has advantageous features over the existing ones with respect to intrinsic softness, ease of fabrication, cost effectiveness and miniaturization. We introduce a new idea for actuation and describe the actuating mechanism of the Braille pin in details capable of realizing the enhanced spatial density of the tactile cells. Finally, results of psychophysical experiments are given and its effectiveness is confirmed.
A Game Theory Approach for Inter-Cell Interference Management in OFDM Networks

Inter-cell interference management is one of the most important issues in next generation wireless networks. In this paper, a transmit power adaptation method using a non cooperative game theory approach is developed in such a way to reduce the inter-cell interference in the whole network. The gaming problem is formulated by allowing that a subchannel could be shared by multiple neighboring cells (i.e. universal frequency reuse). The data rate is enhanced by finding the optimum transmit power for each co-channel user using game theory-based scheme. The performance of the proposed scheme is analyzed and compared with existing scheme. Simulation and analytical results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
How Graduate-Level Preparation Influences the Effectiveness of School Leaders: A Comparison of the Outcomes of Exemplary and Conventional Leadership Preparation Programs for Principals

Purpose: This study attempted to determine the influence of exemplary leadership preparation on what principals learn about leadership, their use of effective leadership practices, and how their practices influence school improvement and the school’s learning climate. The authors also investigated how the frequency of effective leadership practices related to the strength of district support and the extent of school problems and student poverty. Finally, the authors examined the contribution of exemplary leadership preparation to variations in school improvement progress and school effectiveness climate. Research Design: The study, using survey research conducted in 2005, compared 65 principals who had graduated from one of four selected exemplary leadership preparation programs to a national sample of 111 principals. The authors used structural equation modeling to find the best fit. Findings: Participation in an exemplary leadership preparation program was significantly associated with learning about effective leadership and engaging in these practices, particularly where stronger preparation program and internship quality existed. Frequent use of effective leadership practices was positively associated with school improvement progress and school effectiveness climate. Taken together, exemplary leadership preparation had a positive but mediated influence on variations in school improvement progress and school effectiveness climate; the relationship was even stronger when focusing on preparation program and internship quality measures. Conclusions: Faculty investments in preparation program and internship quality will positively contribute to the leadership knowledge of graduates and their leadership practices and school improvement progress. These results yield significant implications for policy makers, universities, and other providers of leadership preparation.
Personalized Intelligent Search Engine Based on Web Data Mining

A personalized intelligent search engine based on web data mining, whose theory model is established, is introduced and discussed and in this paper. And its critical part, algorithm and program of mining users' interests, is described detailed. By creating users' interest database, this system will realize personalized information retrieval which can search information according to users requests. So the recall and precision ratio of search engine is enhanced essentially.
Towards a New Professionalism in School? A Comparative Study of Teacher Autonomy in Norway and Sweden

Local autonomy is one of the recent trends in reforms of compulsory education. However, several parallel trends such as individual accountability, performance and visibility challenge professional autonomy. The aim of this article is to explore how accountability and transparency reforms affect teacher autonomy in Norway and Sweden. The authors argue that both individual teacher autonomy at the local workplace and autonomy at the national level embracing teachers as a collective group are important in analysing teachers' professional autonomy. In comparing teachers' professional autonomy they differentiate between processes of individualisation and collectivisation. Their analysis indicates, although intra-national differences, that the difference between Norwegian and Swedish teachers is striking. While the Swedish teachers experience a high degree of individual autonomy, their influence on national policy processes seems weakened. This leads to the assumption that professional autonomy as a result of transparency and accountability reforms, even if the teachers report individual professional autonomy, reduces the authority of the profession at the national policy-making level. The analysis indicates that Norwegian teachers are characterized by old professionalism. The strong input regulations in Norway limit individual teacher autonomy. Even with weakened individual autonomy, teachers still manage to supply conditions for national education policy making. This means that teachers still are autonomous at the collective level. Moreover, the findings indicate that national standards and control in education are accepted as tools for securing professional knowledge and status.
Insulin Resistance : A Novel Murine Model of Developmental Diet-Induced Obesity in Female Mice Leads to Offspring Hyperphagia , Adiposity

Maternal obesity is increasingly prevalent and may affect the long-term health of the child. We investigated the effects of maternal diet-induced obesity in mice on offspring metabolic and cardiovascular function. Female C57BL/6J mice were fed either a standard chow (3% fat, 7% sugar) or a palatable obesogenic diet (16% fat, 33% sugar) for 6 weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Offspring of control (OC) and obese dams (OO) were weaned onto standard chow and studied at 3 and 6 months of age. OO were hyperphagic from 4 to 6 weeks of age compared with OC and at 3 months locomotor activity was reduced and adiposity increased (abdominal fat pad mass; P 0.01). OO were heavier than OC at 6 months (body weight, P 0.05). OO abdominal obesity was associated with adipocyte hypertrophy and altered mRNA expression of -adrenoceptor 2 and 3, 11 HSD-1, and PPAR2. OO showed resistance artery endothelial dysfunction at 3 months, and were hypertensive, as assessed by radiotelemetry (nighttime systolic blood pressure at 6 months [mm Hg] mean SEM, male OO, 134 1 versus OC, 124 2, n 8, P 0.05; female OO, 137 2 versus OC, 122 4, n 8, P 0.01). OO skeletal muscle mass (tibialis anterior) was significantly reduced (P 0.01) OO fasting insulin was raised at 3 months and by 6 months fasting plasma glucose was elevated. Exposure to the influences of maternal obesity in the developing mouse led to adult offspring adiposity and cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction. Developmentally programmed hyperphagia, physical inactivity, and altered adipocyte metabolism may play a mechanistic role. (Hypertension. 2008;51:383-392.)
Lower bound for communication complexity with no public randomness

We give a self contained proof of a logarithmic lower bound on the communication complexity of any non redundant function, given that there is no access to shared randomness. This bound was rst stated in Yao’s seminal paper [STOC 1979], but no full proof appears in the literature. Our proof uses the method of Babai and Kimmel [Computational Complexity 1997], introduced there in the context of the simultaneous messages model, applying it to the more general and standard communication model of Yao.
Supersymmetric hydrodynamics from the AdS/CFT correspondence

We compute holographically the dispersion relation for a hydrodynamic mode of fluctuation (the phonino) of the density of supersymmetry current in = 4 SYM at strong coupling. The mode appears as a pole at low frequency and momentum in the correlator of supercurrents. It has a wave-like propagation, and we find its speed and coefficient of attenuation.
Extraction of Non Manual Features for Videobased Sign Language Recognition

Videobased sign language recognition is barely investigated in the field of image processing. General conditions like realtime-ability and user-and environment- independence require compromise solutions. This paper presents a system for automatic analyzing of the facial actions. For this point distribution models and active shape models are brought into action. Additional a comparison is made be-tween different approaches for the shapes initialization.
A Multi-Level Review of Impression Management Motives and Behaviors

This article selectively reviews studies of impression management (IM) published since 1988 and identifies strengths, limitations, and future research directions in three key areas: research investigating the use of IM at the individual level of analysis (e.g., performance appraisal); research that applies IM theory, concepts, and thinking to better understand organizational phenomena (e.g., feedback seeking); and research investigating organizational-level IM (e.g., how firms create legitimacy). Following their review, the authors offer some overarching recommendations for future examinations of IM in organizations, giving particular attention to the need for clear definitions and categories of IM behaviors and the value of multi-level investigations.
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews

a b s t r a c t Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by profound social and verbal communication deficits, stereotypical motor behaviors, restricted interests, and cognitive abnormalities. Autism affects approximately 1% of children in developing countries. Given this prevalence, identifying risk factors and therapeutic interventions are pressing objectives—objectives that rest on neurobiologically grounded and psychologically informed theories about the underlying pathophysiology. In this article, we review the evidence that autism could result from a dysfunctional oxytocin system early in life. As a mediator of successful procreation, not only in the reproductive system, but also in the brain, oxytocin plays a crucial role in sculpting socio-sexual behavior. Formulated within a (Bayesian) predictive coding framework, we propose that oxytocin encodes the saliency or precision of interoceptive signals and enables the neuronal plasticity necessary for acquiring a generative model of the emotional and social ‘self. ’ An aberrant oxytocin system in infancy could therefore help explain the marked deficits in language and social communication – as well as the sensory, autonomic, motor, behavioral, and cognitive abnormalities – seen in autism. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
Recent Trends: Deviant Behavior and Social Control

T HE very title of this subdivision of sociology-deviant behavior and social control-indicates that the two parts are separable but interrelated. It further indicates that a wide variety of specific subject matters can be subsumed under either part. Deviant behavior can, after all, range from public nose-picking to treason. Social control can range from the refusal to reciprocate a dinner invitation to public execution. To add to the complexity and confusion, several more specific areas of inquiry which at least semantically fall under the heading of deviant behavior have long histories of rather independent status-the study of crime and delinquency, for example. If we were to adopt the notion that the field of deviant behavior and social control is simply the summation of all the special studies of norm-violating behavior, a summary report would be impossible. If, on the other hand, we were to focus on some special area much at the forefront of current attention, we would run the risk of ignoring significant developments elsewhere. Moreover, the specific empirical research done in any period will heavily reflect social interest in specific forms of deviance as evidenced by the availability of public and private research funds, and may not either reflect or foreshadow significant intellectual developments. We have tried, therefore, to select a limited set of areas of recent work which constitute new theoretical orientations
Randomized comparison of surveillance intervals after colonoscopic removal of newly diagnosed adenomatous polyps. The National Polyp Study Workgroup.

BACKGROUND The identification and removal of adenomatous polyps and post-polypectomy surveillance are considered to be important for the control of colorectal cancer. In current practice, the intervals between colonoscopies after polypectomy are variable, often a year long, and not based on data from randomized clinical trials. We sought to determine whether follow-up colonoscopy at three years would detect important colonic lesions as well as follow-up colonoscopy at both one and three years. METHODS Patients were eligible if they had one or more adenomas, no previous polypectomy, and a complete colonoscopy and all their polyps had been removed. They were randomly assigned to have follow-up colonoscopy at one and three years or at three years only. The two study end points were the detection of any adenoma, and the detection of adenomas with advanced pathological features (defined as those > 1 cm in diameter and those with high-grade dysplasia or invasive cancer). RESULTS Of 2632 eligible patients, 1418 were randomly assigned to the two follow-up groups, 699 to the two-examination group and 719 to the one-examination group. The percentage of patients with adenomas in the group examined at one and three years was 41.7 percent, as compared with 32.0 percent in the group examined at three years (P = 0.006). The percentage of patients with adenomas with advanced pathological features was the same in both groups (3.3 percent). CONCLUSIONS Colonoscopy performed three years after colonoscopic removal of adenomatous polyps detects important colonic lesions as effectively as follow-up colonoscopy after both one and three years. An interval of at least three years is recommended before follow-up colonoscopy after both one and three years. An interval of at least three years is recommended before follow-up examination after colonoscopic removal of newly diagnosed adenomatous polyps. Adoption of this recommendation nationally should reduce the cost of post-polypectomy surveillance and screening.
Governmental policy, organisational ideals and institutional adaptation in Norwegian higher education

In recent decades higher education institutions have been encouraged but also pressured to adapt to new demands in the environment. The need for higher education to become more innovative and dynamic has not least been communicated through politics and various reform initiatives. By analysing how six Norwegian higher education institutions have adapted to political pressure to improve the quality of teaching and learning in the period between 1990 and 2000, this article studies the relationship between governmental policy, the organisational ideals that stem from the policy initiatives, and how these are manifested inside higher education institutions. The analysis shows that institutional adaptation often resulted in hybrid organisational practices and more complex organisational identities. However, some institutions managed to reinterpret and translate external organisational ideals to fit institutional characteristics and traditions, integrating new activities and existing ones.
CADM1 and MAL promoter methylation levels in hrHPV‐positive cervical scrapes increase proportional to degree and duration of underlying cervical disease

Combined detection of cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) and T‐lymphocyte maturation‐associated protein (MAL) promoter methylation in cervical scrapes is a promising triage strategy for high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV)‐positive women. Here, CADM1 and MAL DNA methylation levels were analysed in cervical scrapes of hrHPV‐positive women with no underlying high‐grade disease, high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. CADM1 and MAL methylation levels in scrapes were first related to CIN‐grade of the corresponding biopsy and second to CIN‐grade stratified by the presence of ‘normal’ or ‘abnormal’ cytology as present in the accompanying scrape preceding the cervical biopsy. The scrapes included 167 women with ≤CIN1, 54 with CIN2/3 and 44 with carcinoma. In a separate series of hrHPV‐positive scrapes of women with CIN2/3 (n = 48), methylation levels were related to duration of preceding hrHPV infection (PHI; <5 and ≥5 years). Methylation levels were determined by quantitative methylation‐specific PCR and normal cytology scrapes of hrHPV‐positive women with histologically ≤CIN1 served as reference. CADM1 and MAL methylation levels increased proportional to severity of the underlying lesion, showing an increase of 5.3‐ and 6.2‐fold in CIN2/3, respectively, and 143.5‐ and 454.9‐fold in carcinomas, respectively, compared to the reference. Methylation levels were also elevated in CIN2/3 with a longer duration of PHI (i.e. 11.5‐ and 13.6‐fold, respectively). Moreover, per histological category, methylation levels were higher in accompanying scrapes with abnormal cytology than in scrapes with normal cytology. Concluding, CADM1 and MAL promoter methylation levels in hrHPV‐positive cervical scrapes are related to the degree and duration of underlying cervical disease and markedly increased in cervical cancer.
Is fluorescein pattern analysis a valid method of assessing the accuracy of reverse geometry lenses for orthokeratology?

Background: The aims of this study were to investigate the relative frequencies of correct identifications of variations in the fit of conventional rigid gas permeable (RGP) lenses and reverse geometry lenses (RGL) from fluorescein pattern analysis by orthokeratology (ortho‐k) practitioners and non‐ortho‐k practitioners and to determine whether fluorescein pattern analysis is sensitive for assessing ortho‐k lens fittings.
New Regionalism contested: some remarks in light of the case of the Mezzogiorno of Italy

This article attempts to re‐consider the debate that has recently developed around the so‐called New Regionalism with reference to the studies regarding the emergence of a ‘new’ competitive Mezzogiorno of Italy. The first two sections of the article are devoted to a critical analysis of the literature on the New Mezzogiorno. It is argued that this literature has, on the one hand, fruitfully called attention to the emerging experiences of regional development in the South of Italy; yet, on the other hand, in throwing positive light on local economic development in the South of Italy, it has underestimated the more troublesome phenomena that these experiences reveal, especially from the point of view of capital‐labour relations. The third section of the article is devoted to showing how the limits and contradictions of the new regionalist approach to local development are reflected in the new course of regional policy that has been embraced in Italy in recent years. Finally, in the concluding section, the article argues for a shift towards a critical approach to research on the Italian southern regions and local productive systems. L'article propose une relecture du debat qui s'est recemment developpe autour du Nouveau Regionalisme,e partir des travaux concernant l'emergence d'un ‘nouveau’ Mezzogiorno competitif en Italie. Les deux premieres sections de l'article proposent une analyse critique de la litterature sur le Nouveau Mezzogiorno. D'un cote, celle‐ci a permis, de facon fructueuse, d'attirer l'attention sur l'emergence d'experiences de developpement regional dans le Sud italien. De l'autre, en jetant une lumiere positive sur le developpement economique local dans le Sud de l'Italie, cette litterature a sous‐estime les aspects les plus problematiques que ces experiences revelent, en particulier du point de vue des relations entre capital et travail. La troisieme partie montre combien le nouveau cours pris par les politiques regionales en Italie reflete les limites et les contradictions de l'approche neo‐regionaliste du developpement local. En conclusion, l'article se penche sur la necessite de developper une approche critique a la recherche sur les regions et les systemes productifs locaux en Italie du Sud.