Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Method for automated thesaurus development in learning process support systems

The ontological approach to the creation of the learning process support systems is proposed. We research the method for automated creation of learning ontologies based on computational linguistics algorithms, the method of analysis of lexical-semantic fields corps of texts in Russian and English, frequency dictionaries of terms. Using the lexical database WordNet and terminological dictionaries the prototype ontology was developed and uploaded into the software tool "OntoMASTER-Ontology" for refining by experts. The developed method is used for creating ontologies to support the learning process of students in the field of "Information systems and technologies".
Discussion document for participants at MAD ’ 01 Investigating the effects of discourse features on reading for adult beginner readers

Our research project investigates the effects of discourse features (particularly discourse connectives) on reading for adult beginner readers. The documents used in our experiments will be generated using a natural language generation (NLG) system. We plan a series of experiments with adult beginner readers of known reading level. The experiments will investigate the difficulty (or ease) such readers have in reading English language documents produced by our system. Our first experiment will investigate reading difficulty associated with the presence or absence of discourse connectives. Our overall aim is to build an NLG system that can tailor its output for different reading levels.
De novo structure determination from residual dipolar couplings by NMR spectroscopy.

NMR spectroscopy is, next to crystallography, the only method for determination of the high-resolution structure of biomacromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, and their complexes. NMR spectroscopy is unique in that it allows the study of the structure and dynamics of these molecules in solution. Until recently, solution structures determined by NMR spectroscopy were mainly based on distance restraints obtained from proton/proton nuclear Overhauser effects (NOEs). Hus et al. have now for the first time demonstrated that the backbone structure of a protein can be determined de novo from residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) without the use of NOE data. [1] This achievement represents a considerable milestone in the rapidly growing applications of residual dipolar couplings for the elucidation of biomolecular structures as outlined below. The main source of structural information from NMR experiments is based on the dipolar coupling between protons. This interaction depends on the internuclear distances and the orientation of the internuclear vector relative to the static magnetic field. The distance and orientation dependence of dipolar couplings has long been used to characterize the structure of molecules by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. [2] However, in solution the dipolar couplings are averaged to zero as a result of the fast random reorientation of the molecule. Nevertheless, the randomly fluctuating magnetic field produced by one nucleus interacts with the spins of nearby nuclei and causes relaxation of their magnetization. This cross-relaxation effect is the basis of the NOE experiments and scales with the distance r between the nuclei ( r 6). In proteins, numerous proton ± proton distances (with an upper limit of 5 ± 6 a) can be measured, which together define the three-dimensional structure. Difficulties arise if the number of experimental proton distances is sparse, as frequently found, for example, between different domains in a protein or in nucleic acids because of the small proton density. As a consequence of the short-range nature of the NOE-derived distance restraints, it is also difficult to accurately define the relative orientation of regions which are far apart from each other in the three-dimensional structure of the molecule.
Survey on spectrum utilization in Europe: Measurements, analyses and observations

This paper presents major results and comparisons of radio spectrum utilization measurements that have been carried out in three different locations in Europe, namely in the suburb of the city of Brno in the Czech Republic and in the suburb and the city of Paris in France during years 2008 and 2009 respectively. The analyzed radio bandwidth extends from 400 MHz to 3 GHz. The measurement method is based on the energy detection principle. Utilization performance and behaviors of major wireless communication systems and primary wireless system within different regions and different environments are investigated here. Our analyses pick out correlations between spectrum utilization within different regions and summarize common observations and physical aspects that will have to be considered in the future radio spectrum management to assure efficient spectrum utilization.
Theta power in the EEG of alcoholics.

BACKGROUND In this study, the magnitude and spatial distribution of theta power in the resting EEG were examined to explore the changes in the neurophysiological status of the alcoholic brain. Some state- and trait-related issues of theta power increases in the EEG of alcoholics were also examined. METHODS Absolute theta (3-7 Hz) power in eyes-closed EEGs of 307 alcohol-dependent subjects and 307 age- and gender-matched unaffected controls were compared by using a repeated-measures ANOVA for the entire region and three subregions (frontal, central, and parietal) separately. Supplementary to the main analysis, the effect of three clinical variables on absolute theta power was examined separately for each gender by using correlation and regression analyses. Gender differences in the theta log power difference between alcoholics and controls were explored by using regional repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS Increased absolute theta power was seen in alcohol-dependent subjects at all scalp locations. The theta log power increase in male alcoholics was prominent at the central and parietal regions and in female alcoholics at the parietal region when compared with the respective matched controls. Correlation of drinking variables with log theta power exhibited no group-specific differences. CONCLUSIONS Increased tonic theta power in the EEG may reflect a deficiency in the information-processing capacity of the central nervous system in alcoholics. The theta power increase may also be an electrophysiological index of the imbalance in the excitation-inhibition homeostasis in the cortex. It is likely that the theta power increase is a trait-related phenomenon and is expressed to differing degrees in the two genders.
Genetic signs of multiple colonization events in Baltic ciscoes with radiation into sympatric spring- and autumn-spawners confined to early postglacial arrival

Presence of sympatric populations may reflect local diversification or secondary contact of already distinct forms. The Baltic cisco (Coregonus albula) normally spawns in late autumn, but in a few lakes in Northern Europe sympatric autumn and spring- or winter-spawners have been described. So far, the evolutionary relationships and taxonomic status of these main life history forms have remained largely unclear. With microsatellites and mtDNA sequences, we analyzed extant and extinct spring- and autumn-spawners from a total of 23 Swedish localities, including sympatric populations. Published sequences from Baltic ciscoes in Germany and Finland, and Coregonus sardinella from North America were also included together with novel mtDNA sequences from Siberian C. sardinella. A clear genetic structure within Sweden was found that included two population assemblages markedly differentiated at microsatellites and apparently fixed for mtDNA haplotypes from two distinct clades. All sympatric Swedish populations belonged to the same assemblage, suggesting parallel evolution of spring-spawning rather than secondary contact. The pattern observed further suggests that postglacial immigration to Northern Europe occurred from at least two different refugia. Previous results showing that mtDNA in Baltic cisco is paraphyletic with respect to North American C. sardinella were confirmed. However, the inclusion of Siberian C. sardinella revealed a more complicated pattern, as these novel haplotypes were found within one of the two main C. albula clades and were clearly distinct from those in North American C. sardinella. The evolutionary history of Northern Hemisphere ciscoes thus seems to be more complex than previously recognized.
Studies on BN rats model to determine the potential allergenicity of proteins from genetically modified foods.

AIM To develop a Brown Norway (BN) rat model to determine the potential allergenicity of novel proteins in genetically modified food. METHODS The allergenicity of different proteins were compared, including ovalbumin (OVA), a potent respiratory and food allergen, bovine serum albumin (BSA), a protein that is considered to have a lesser allergenic potential, and potato acid phosphatase (PAP), a non-allergenic protein when administered to BN rats via different routes of exposure (intraperitoneally or by gavage). IgG and IgE antibody responses were determined by ELISA and PCA, respectively. An immunoassay kit was used to determine the plasma histamine level. In addition, possible systemic effect of allergens was investigated by monitoring blood pressure. RESULTS OVA provoked very vigorous protein-specific IgG and IgE responses, low grade protein-specific IgG and IgE responses were elicited by BSA, while by neither route did PAP elicit anything. In either routes of exposure, plasma histamine level in BN rats sensitized with OVA was higher than that of BSA or PAP. In addition, an oral challenge with BSA and PAP did not induce any effect on blood pressure, while a temporary drop in systolic blood pressure in few animals of each routes of exposure was found by an oral challenge with OVA. CONCLUSION BN rat model might be a useful and predictive animal model to study the potential allergenicity of novel food proteins.
Further Steps Towards the Development of a Hardware Simulator for MIMO Radio Channels

The aim of the regional project SIMPAA2, which continues the research activities of the former national research SIMPAA project, is the realization of a hardware simulator of MIMO propagation channels for UMTS and WLAN applications. The simulator must reproduce the behavior of the radio propagation channel, thus making it possible to test "on table" the mobile radio equipments. The advantages are: low cost, short test duration, possibility to ensure the same test conditions in order to compare the performance of various equipments
Integration of the proteome and transcriptome reveals multiple levels of gene regulation in the rice dl2 mutant

Leaf vascular system differentiation and venation patterns play a key role in transporting nutrients and maintaining the plant shape, which is an important agronomic trait for improving photosynthetic efficiency. However, there is little knowledge about the regulation of leaf vascular specification and development. Here we utilized the rice midribless mutant (dl2) to investigate the molecular changes in transcriptome and proteome profiles during leaf vascular specification and differentiation. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) with digital gene expression (DGE) techniques, a nearly complete catalog of expressed protein and mRNA was acquired. From the catalog, we reliably identified 3172 proteins and 9,865,230 tags mapped to genes, and subsets of 141 proteins and 98 mRNAs, which were differentially expressed between the dl2 mutant and wild type. The correlation analysis between the abundance of differentially expressed mRNA and DEPs (differentially expressed proteins) revealed numerous discordant changes in mRNA/protein pairs and only a modest correlation was observed, indicative of divergent regulation of transcription and translational processes. The DEPs were analyzed for their involvement in biological processes and metabolic pathways. Up- or down- regulation of some key proteins confirmed that the physiological process of vascular differentiation is an active process. These key proteins included those not previously reported to be associated with vascular differentiation processes, and included proteins that are involved in the spliceosome pathway. Together, our results show that the developmental and physiological process of the leaf vascular system is a thoroughly regulated and complicated process and this work has identified potential targets for genetic modification that could be used to regulate the development of the leaf vasculature.
The Effect of Different Fluoride Concentrations and pH of Dentifrices on Plaque and Nail Fluoride Levels in Young Children

To evaluate the influence of dentifrice pH and fluoride (F) concentration on F uptake by plaque and nails, two sets of 5- to 6-year-old children were randomly allocated into four groups, according to the type of dentifrice they had been using for 1 year: (1) experimental liquid dentifrice (ELD), 1,100 ppm F, pH 7.0; (2) ELD, 1,100 ppm F, pH 4.5; (3) ELD, 550 ppm F, pH 4.5, and (4) commercial toothpaste, 1,100 ppm F, pH 7.0. In one set of children, nails were clipped. In the second, plaque samples were collected 1 h after the last use of dentifrice. F concentration in plaque and nails was analyzed. Plaque F concentration was significantly lower in group 4 than in groups 1–3. Nail F concentration was significantly higher in group 4, and significantly lower in group 3, than in group 1 or 2. Plaque F uptake was influenced significantly by dentifrice consistency and nonsignificantly by pH and F concentration. Reduction of dentifrice pH did not affect nail F concentration.
Parameter sensitivity study for optimization of field-excitation flux switching synchronous machine for hybrid electric vehicles

This paper presents parameter sensitivity study and performance analysis of field-excitation flux switching synchronous machine (FEFSSM) for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications. The proposed machine consists of 12 armature slots, 12 field-excitation coil (FEC) slots and 10 rotor poles. All active parts such as armature coil and FEC are located on the stator, while the rotor part consists of only single piece iron. This makes the machine becoming more robust and more suitable to be apply for high speed motor drive system application. The target performances of the motor are a maximum torque of 210Nm, a maximum power of 123kW, a power density of more than 3.5kW/kg, and a maximum speed of 20,000r/min. The deterministic design optimization approach is used to treat several design parameters defined in rotor, armature and FEC slot area until the target performances are achieved. Results based on 2D-FEA show that the final design has successfully achieved the target performances, achieved much higher power density of approximately 4.82kW/kg, and has good rotor mechanical strength at maximum speed compared to existing IPMSM installed on a commercial SUV-HEV.
(1,10-Phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dionato-κ2 O,O′)nickel(II)

The title compound, [Ni(C11H19O2)2(C12H8N2)], was obtained from the reaction of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptane-3,5-dionato)nickel(II), [Ni(dpm)], and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). The NiII ion is coordinated by four O atoms from two dpm ligands and two N atoms from a phen ligand in a slightly distorted octahedral environment. The methyl C atoms of two of the tert-butyl groups are disordered over two sites, having approximate occupancies of 0.85 and 0.15 for the two components. In the crystal structure, there are no direction-specific interactions. Thermal studies showed that the title complex is stable to 623 K.
The role of unobserved heterogeneity in transition to higher parity : evidence from Italy using Multiscopo survey

The paper uses data from 2003 Multiscopo Italian Survey to estimate education effects on fertility and in particular to determine how and to what degree does unobserved heterogeneity influence the estimated effects, that is to say how unobserved heterogeneity might bias estimates of effects of education on transition to 1st, 2nd and 3rd births. The peculiarity of this study is the implementation of a multiprocess approach, which allows for a broader and more efficient view of the phenomenon, studying jointly the transition to first, second and third or higher order births. In doing this I will use control variables, in particular educational level of the mother and her siblings (i.e. partner and grandmother), to detect possible influences of education in childbearing timing. Moreover, this topic has not yet been analysed using Italian data, in particular using Multiscopo Survey data and it may produce interesting comparisons with regard to other European countries, where the topic has already been addressed. In this study I will prove that number of siblings is the variable, which has a significative and relevant effect in all the models considered and that women partner’s education has an up-and-down effect on transition to childbearing. Moreover, the inclusion of unobserved characteristics of women has an important role in understanding transition to childbearing, being positive and significant.
Novel 1, 3-N, O-Spiroheterocyclic compounds inhibit heparanase activity and enhance nedaplatin-induced cytotoxicity in cervical cancer cells

Heparanase (HPA) is an enzyme that plays an important role in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis and is a potential target for molecular treatment of tumors. We previously found that abnormally high HPA expression in cervical cancer tissues is associated with poor survival and increased lymph node metastasis. The present study was conducted to assess the utility of inhibiting HPA enzyme activity in cervical cancer treatment. Two series of 13 novel HPA inhibitors were synthesized and optimized. All tested inhibitors reduced HPA enzyme activity (IC50 values ranged from 4.47 μM to 47.19 μM) and inhibited the growth of HeLa cells (IC50 values ranged from 48.16 μM to 96.64 μM). The No. 16 inhibitor inhibited the migration and growth of HeLa and Siha cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and increased cell apoptosis and cell cycle G0/G1 and G2/M phase arrest, while decreasing the S phase cell population. More importantly, No. 16 sensitized cervical cancer cells to low concentrations of nedaplatin, decreased HPA, c-Myc and h-TERT levels, and increased p53 levels in HeLa and Siha cells. These results suggest that this HPA inhibitor reduced proliferation and HPA expression in cervical cancer cells by restoring p53 activity and downregulating h-TERT and c-Myc expression.
Mitochondrial DNA extraction and sequencing of formalin-fixed archival snake tissue

Formalinized specimens used in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) studies have shown shortcomings with respect to efficacy of DNA isolation and subsequent PCR amplification. In order to pinpoint the source of some of the problems with formalinized tissues in reptiles, we compared the efficacy of isolation and amplification of mtDNA from two different snake species Micrurus fulvius and Lampropeltis triangulum—that differ in composition of tissues typically sampled (intercostal muscle tissue) by researchers performing mtDNA analyses in snakes and other reptiles. This study shows clearly that the more muscle-fiber rich L. triangulum tissues yield higher quality mtDNA that is easier to manipulate with PCR than the myocyte depauperate Micrurus tissues. We suggest that curatorial practice in making available formalin preserved specimens in reptiles should focus on tissue type, most appropriately on muscle-rich tissues. We reiterate previous caution about minimizing amplicon size and maximizing controls for contamination when working with formalin-preserved reptile tissues.
Co-cited author maps as interfaces to digital libraries: designing Pathfinder Networks in the humanities

Using data from the Arts and Humanities Citation Index for 1988-1997, we are attempting to generate co-cited author maps in real time that can serve as interfaces for document retrieval. Our novel approach is to start the maps by entering the name of a single author. Our system obtains a rank-ordered list of the other authors who are most often co-cited with the input name (e.g., the top 50) and then systematically pairs these other authors in turn to obtain their co-citation counts. The resulting matrix can be passed to a mapping program which groups the authors meaningfully to show the structure of the field implied by the input author's name. At present we are experimenting with Pathfinder Networks (PFNETs) as the mapping program, and show a PFNET for 25 authors in hermeneutics, a major field of the humanities. The documents co-citing the mapped authors are candidates for retrieval. We discuss desirable features and design considerations in retrieval interfaces based on PFNETs.
Virtual tagging: numerical considerations and phantom validation

This paper presents a virtual tagging framework for measuring, as well as visualising, myocardial deformation using magnetic resonance (MR) velocity imaging. Tagging grids are allocated artificially according to the deformation gradient with varying shapes and densities. The control points are then deformed such that the difference between the induced deformation velocity and that of actually measured MR data is minimum. A full three-dimensional implementation of the technique combined with the mass conservation constraint is provided. Numerical considerations of applying the proposed framework and different optimization strategies have been investigated with both simulated and phantom experiments. The accuracy of the technique in terms of following material deformation is compared with that of conventional tagging technique.
Sequential Pattern Discovery under a Markov Assumption

In this paper we investigate the general problem of discovering recurrent patterns that are embedded in categorical sequences. An important real-world problem of this nature is motif discovery in DNA sequences. There are a number of fundamental aspects of this data mining problem that can make discovery “easy” or “hard”—we characterize the difficulty of learning in this context using an analysis based on the Bayes error rate under a Markov assumption. The Bayes error framework demonstrates why certain patterns are much harder to discover than others. It also explains the role of different parameters such as pattern length and pattern frequency in sequential discovery. We demonstrate how the Bayes error can be used to calibrate existing discovery algorithms, providing a lower bound on achievable performance. We discuss a number of fundamental issues that characterize sequential pattern discovery in this context, present a variety of empirical results to complement and verify the theoretical analysis, and apply our methodology to real-world motif-discovery problems in computational biology.