Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COVID-19, HIV, and Cryptococcal Meningitis Coinfections with Abnormal Laboratory Findings

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first introduced in China in 2019, and it has rapidly spread all around the world. Cryptococcus neoformans is the leading cause of fungal meningitis in human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected patients. A variety of laboratory tests have been introduced for rapid diagnosis of meningitis. Methods Here, we report a case of coinfection with COVID-19 and cryptococcal meningitis in a HIV-positive patient with abnormal laboratory findings. In this case, COVID-19 was positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and computerized tomography (CT) scan diagnosis. Cryptococcal antigen testing of CSF was negative, whereas India ink staining and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture confirmed the presence of C. neoformans. Results Although the patient was in a critical stage of illness, serum and CSF levels of procalcitonin were abnormally low, within normal limits. On the other hand, although initial lumbar puncture had showed elevated protein level, the repeat CSFs presented remarkably reduced protein levels. Our findings indicate that despite COVID-19 infection, procalcitonin level may remain normal in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis, and findings of an apparently normal procalcitonin level should not exclude the possibility of infection. Also, antigen testing may present false-negative result, and it should not be the sole laboratory method for diagnosis of infectious meningitis. Consequently, CSF culture and staining is recommended, even when antigen testing of organism is negative and CSF profile is unremarkable. Conclusion Laboratory information should be combined with a good understanding of clinical manifestations of patient to determine if meningitis is present and confirmed COVID-19 should not ignore possibility of other infections for consideration.
Correlation Feature Selection (CFS) and Feature Weighting (CFW) Based Improved BPSO for Gene Selection and Cancer Classification

The DNA micro array technique has gained considerable interest for cancer detection and classification. It gives researchers a better understanding of numerous cancer-related genetic changes that occur within a cell. For cancer classification, a variety of multiple machine learning techniques are used to determine the most influential genes. We propose a correlation feature selection based on improved Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (CFS-BPSO) along with correlation-based feature weighting using Naive Bayes classifier (CFW-NB) model for gene selection and cancer classification respectively. This hybrid model can estimate the type of unknown test samples with high accuracy. The appropriate selection of the most non-redundant and relevant genes to improve classification accuracy while lowering processing costs is a significant challenge in building this model. Because of the huge gene space and complicated gene connections, predictive gene selection is challenging. Metaheuristic Binary PSO has been used for gene selection and CFW-NB is mainly used for feature weighting and classification. The major purpose of this study is to provide a straightforward and efficient method for selecting correlation features and weights for usage with NB. In this paper, Micro Array cancer datasets have been used for prediction. The proposed model has achieved 95%, 94%, 92%, 94%, and 93% accuracy for Colon Tumour, Central Nervous, Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Ovarian Cancer, respectively. The proposed model attained an average classification accuracy of 93.6% and average Feature Selection Ratio (FSR) as 0.37. It can be inferred from the experimental studies that reliable and improved results are obtained by the proposed model.
FL-YOLO: Lightweight Small Target Detection Algorithm Based on Transformer and CNN Hybrid Structure

Although the target detection technology has made amazing progress in the detection of large and medium objects, due to the limited size of small objects, the occlusion between targets and the limitations of the convolutional network itself, small target detection is still as a challenging. In this paper, by improving the YOLOv5s algorithm, a lightweight small target detection FL-YOLO model with a hybrid structure is proposed, and the standard convolution in the original backbone network is replaced by depth-separable convolution and the residual connection method is adjusted. lightweight. A Patch-Attention (PA) module is proposed to extract context information of small objects and insert it into the backbone to enhance the feature extraction ability for tiny target. A new upsampling module named “Transition” is proposed to replace the nearest interpolation in YOLOv5s to minimize information conflict and information redundancy. Finally, the public dataset VisDrone2019 specially constructed for small targets was used to conduct experiments, which verified that the FL-YOLO proposed in this paper is more effective than YOLOv5s. CCS Concepts • Computing methodologies∼Visual inspection
Association of Public Works Disasters with Substance Use Difficulties: Evidence from Flint, Michigan, Five Years after the Water Crisis Onset

Public works environmental disasters such as the Flint water crisis typically occur in disenfranchised communities with municipal disinvestment and co-occurring risks for poor mental health (poverty, social disconnection). We evaluated the long-term interplay of the crisis and these factors with substance use difficulties five years after the crisis onset. A household probability sample of 1970 adults living in Flint during the crisis was surveyed about their crisis experiences, use of substances since the crisis, and risk/resilience factors, including prior potentially traumatic event exposure and current social support. Analyses were weighted to produce population-representative estimates. Of the survey respondents, 17.0% reported that substance use since the crisis contributed to problems with their home, work, or social lives, including 11.2% who used despite a doctor’s warnings that it would harm their health, 12.3% who used while working or going to school, and 10.7% who experienced blackouts after heavy use. A total of 61.6% of respondents reported using alcohol since the crisis, 32.4% using cannabis, and 5.2% using heroin, methamphetamine, or non-prescribed prescription opioids. Respondents who believed that exposure to contaminated water harmed their physical health were more likely to use substances to the detriment of their daily lives (RR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.03–1.70), as were respondents with prior potentially traumatic exposure (RR = 2.99, 95%CI: 1.90–4.71), low social support (RR = 1.94, 95%CI: 1.41–2.66), and PTSD and depression (RR’s of 1.78 and 1.49, respectively, p-values < 0.01). Public works disasters occurring in disenfranchised communities may have complex, long-term associations with substance use difficulties.
21. EARLY PLIOCENE DEEP-WATER CIRCULATION: STABLE ISOTOPE EVIDENCE FOR ENHANCED NORTHERN COMPONENT DEEP WATER 1

High resolution benthic ( Cibicidoides spp.) stable isotope and percent sand fraction records were constructed for the early Pliocene (3.3 - 4.7 Ma) at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 925 (3042 m water depth) and 929 (4361 m water depth). These sites are located in the modern mixing zone of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). We evaluate changes in deep-water circulation between the two sites using the vertical stable isotope gradient. The oxygen isotope records of both sites have well deÞned maxima that correspond to established glacial isotope stages for this time interval. Between 4.2 and 3.7 Ma, average δ 18 O values from the shallower Site 925 are higher than at the deeper Site 929 by 0.2a, indicating that NADW may have been relatively warm and salty compared to today. Site 929 δ 18 O values correspond well to previously published records, suggesting an average decrease in the isotopic composition of ocean water of ~0.4a with respect to the late Holocene. At the deeper Site 929, there is considerable δ 13 C variability with extremely low minima. These results indicate that Site 929 was highly sensitive to changes in the relative sux of northern vs. southern component deep water. Site 929 δ 13 C minima coincide with glacial stages suggesting a deep-water circulation link similar to that observed during the late Pliocene/Pleistocene. At Site 925, δ 13 C values are consistently high and minima can be entirely accounted for by global δ 13 C variability. These data indicate a relatively strong NADW sux and suggest that the shallower Site 925 remained within the core of NADW throughout the majority of the time interval. The prevailing insuence of northern component deep water evident at these sites is consistent with climate models that attribute early Pliocene warmth to increased northward heat transport.
THE CORRELATION AMONG STUDENTS’ LANGUAGE LEARNING ATTITUDE, STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION AND THEIR WRITING COMPETENCE AT SULTHAN THAHA SAIFUDDIN STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF JAMBI

The purposes of this research are to find out (1) correlation between students’ language learning attitude and their writing competence (2) correlation between students motivation and their writing competence (3) correlation among students’ language learning attitude, students motivation and their writing competence. The research design was correlation study. The subject of this reserach are the students of the fourth semester of English Education Study Program at Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi State Islamic University as the population. The total samples are 80 students. The data were collected by questionnaire and writing test. Next, the result of the coefficient correlation between students’ language learning attitude and their writing competence was r=0.604. it means that those variables are positive correlated. However, r=0.604 is considered high correlation. Then, the result of the coefficient correlation between students motivation and their writing competence was r=0.444. It means that those variables are positive correlated. however, r=0.444 is considered medium correlation. The last, correlation among students’ language learning attitude, students motivation and their writing competence was r=0.724. It means that those variables are positively correlated.
Integration of Transcriptomics and Proteomics Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Eriocheir sinensis Gills Exposed to Heat Stress

Heat stress is an increasingly concerning topic under global warming. Heat stress can induce organisms to produce excess reactive oxygen species, which will lead to cell damage and destroy the antioxidant defense of aquatic animals. Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is sensitive to the change in water temperature, and parent crabs are more vulnerable during the breeding stage. In the present study, the multi-omics responses of parent E. sinensis gills to heat stress (24 h) were determined via transcriptome and proteome. The integrative analysis revealed that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glutathione s-transferase (GST) were significantly up-regulated at gene and protein levels after heat stress, indicating that HSP70 and the antioxidant system participated in the regulatory mechanism of heat stress to resist oxidative damage. Moreover, the “Relaxin signaling pathway” was also activated at gene and protein levels under 30 °C stress, which implied that relaxin may be essential and responsible for reducing the oxidative damage of gills caused by extreme heat stress. These findings provided an understanding of the regulation mechanism in E. sinensis under heat stress at gene and protein levels. The mining of key functional genes, proteins, and pathways can also provide a basis for the cultivation of new varieties resistant to oxidative stress.
Honokiol ameliorates angiotensin II‐induced cardiac hypertrophy by promoting dissociation of the Nur77–LKB1 complex and activating the AMPK pathway

Abstract Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a key contributor to heart failure, and the molecular mechanisms underlying honokiol (HNK)‐mediated cardioprotection against this condition remain worth further exploring. This study aims to investigate the effect of HNK on angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced myocardial hypertrophy and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to Ang II infusion, followed by HNK or vehicle treatment for 4 weeks. Our results showed that HNK treatment protected against Ang II‐induced myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and dysfunction in vivo and inhibited Ang II‐induced hypertrophy in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes in vitro. Mechanistically, HNK suppressed the Ang II‐induced Nur77 expression at the transcriptional level and promoted ubiquitination‐mediated degradation of Nur77, leading to dissociation of the Nur77–LKB1 complex. This facilitated the translocation of LKB1 into the cytoplasm and activated the LKB1‐AMPK pathway. Our findings suggest that HNK attenuates pathological remodelling and cardiac dysfunction induced by Ang II by promoting dissociation of the Nur77–LKB1 complex and subsequent activation of AMPK signalling. This study uncovers a novel role of HNK on the LKB1‐AMPK pathway to protect against cardiac hypertrophy.
Late Cenozoic surface uplift of the southern Sierra Nevada (California, USA): A paleoclimate perspective on lee-side stable isotope paleoaltimetry

Late Cenozoic surface uplift of the southern Sierra Nevada (Sierra; California, United States) is widely debated. Recent interpretations of lee-side isotope records from the southern Sierra suggest that the elevation of the southern Sierra has been sufficiently high to induce atmospheric flow patterns similar to modern patterns since the mid-Miocene, at ca. 12 Ma. The tendency for flow to deflect around a topographic barrier can be determined by the atmospheric stability, barrier height, and incoming wind speed. We test the sensitivity of flow deflection to elevation to determine what elevation would have been sufficiently high to establish modern flow patterns in the mid-Miocene. Using global paleoclimate models and idealized regional weather models, we find that the Miocene atmosphere was more stable than modern. We suggest that in a Miocene climate, flow patterns similar to modern pat - terns could have been achieved for elevations as low as 2 km, and that while Miocene lee-side isotope records from the southern Sierra may indicate that the southern Sierra has been a longstanding topographic feature, they may not have changed significantly in response to proposed late Cenozoic surface uplift of the southern Sierra.
Determination of the most appropriate fertilizing method for apple trees using multi‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) approaches

Abstract Appropriate tree fertilization with essential nutrients is considered as one of the major factors in enhancing the quality and quantity of horticultural crops. The most efficient way to fertilize trees is to dig holes around the trunks and fill them with appropriate chemical and organic fertilizer. Doing this operation with mechanized methods reduces costs and increases productivity compared to traditional methods. In the present study, multi‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) methods, including deterministic analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), fuzzy TOPSIS (FTOPSIS), and analytic network process (ANP), were used to score and select the appropriate fertilizing method for apple trees based on the growers and expert's perspectives. The criteria, including fertilizing operation cost, crop yield, the percentage of tree damages, ease of entering and moving fertilizing equipment in tree rows, field capacity (with or without machinery), comfort and safety of fertilizing operations, after‐sales service, access to the required machinery and implements, crop selling price, and crop quality, were used in the above‐mentioned methods. The fertilization methods (Hole digging) considered in the present study were traditional fertilization (Shovel), orchard Trencher, motor hole digger, fixed centerline tractor‐mounted hole digger, and off‐set tractor‐mounted hole digger. Based on the results, the priority of mechanized fertilizing methods was determined as tractor‐mounted hole diggers (AHP weight of 0.286, FAHP weight of 0.285, TOPSIS relative proximity of 0.65, and FTOPSIS relative proximity of 0.64), fixed centerline tractor‐mounted hole diggers (AHP weight of 0.219, FAHP weight of 0.158, TOPSIS relative proximity of 0.56, and FTOPSIS relative proximity of 0.62), motor hole diggers (AHP weight of 0.171, FAHP weight of 0.079, TOPSIS relative proximity of 0.46, and FTOPSIS relative proximity of 0.31), and orchard trenchers (AHP weight of 0.12, FAHP weight of 0.057, TOPSIS relative proximity of 0.19, and FTOPSIS relative proximity of 0.20), respectively. Based on the ANP method, off‐set and fixed centerline tractor‐mounted hole diggers had the highest priority (weights of 0.43 and 0.27), followed by trencher (weight of 0.16), motor hole diggers (weight of 0.09), and the traditional method (weight of 0.04). Results showed that applying orchard tractors equipped with mounted diggers, especially off‐set types, can play an important role in enhancing the quantity and quality of apples produced, as well as reducing the costs of fertilizing operations.
Using ichnofossils to characterize chert tools: A preliminary study from Southern Iberia

Characterizing raw material of stone tools used by Late Neolithic and Copper Age communities is important for interpreting access to available sources and establishing regional routes of distribution. Ichnological analysis may be used to help characterize lithic material and determine the source of artifacts. Here we report for the first time the existence of trace fossils in artifacts from the Late Neolithic and Copper Age of southern Spain. Ichnological analysis indicates a trace fossil assemblage consisting of relatively scarce small‐sized Chondrites and abundant Phycosiphon. A regional survey of natural outcrops and chert quarries indicates the presence of discrete trace fossils only in the samples from geological formations that are part of the Campo de Gibraltar Complex. Ichnological composition in these samples is similar to that discerned in the artifacts and suggests that this was the probable source of the chert used in tool manufacture. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Marine Bacterial Community Structures of Selected Coastal Seawater and Sediment Sites in Qatar

Severe environmental conditions can have a diverse impact on marine microorganisms, including bacteria. This can have an inevitable impact on the biofouling of membrane-based desalination plants. In this work, we have utilized indicator bacteria such as total coliform, fecal coliform, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as 16S rRNA sequencing, to investigate the impact of environmental conditions and spatial variations on the diversity of bacterial communities in the coastal waters and sediments from selected sites in Qatar. The concentration levels of indicator bacteria were affected by increasing temperatures and pH, and by decreasing salinity of seawater samples. Diversity indices and the molecular phylogeny demonstrated that Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria were the dominant phyla in all locations. The most abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the family level were from Flavobacteriaceae (27.07%, 4.31%) and Rhodobacteraceae (22.51%, 9.86%) in seawater and sediment, respectively. Alphaproteobacteria (33.87%, 16.82%), Flavobacteria (30.68%, 5.84%), and Gammaproteobacteria (20.35%, 12.45%) were abundant at the species level in both seawater and sediment, while Clostridia (13.72%) was abundant in sediment only. The results suggest that sediment can act as a reservoir for indicator bacteria, with higher diversity and lower abundance compared to seawater.
Actin Polymerization Defects Induce Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cellular Models of Nemaline Myopathies

Nemaline myopathy (NM) is one of the most common forms of congenital myopathy and it is identified by the presence of “nemaline bodies” (rods) in muscle fibers by histopathological examination. The most common forms of NM are caused by mutations in the Actin Alpha 1 (ACTA1) and Nebulin (NEB) genes. Clinical features include hypotonia and muscle weakness. Unfortunately, there is no curative treatment and the pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. In this manuscript, we examined the pathophysiological alterations in NM using dermal fibroblasts derived from patients with mutations in ACTA1 and NEB genes. Patients’ fibroblasts were stained with rhodamine–phalloidin to analyze the polymerization of actin filaments by fluorescence microscopy. We found that patients’ fibroblasts showed incorrect actin filament polymerization compared to control fibroblasts. Actin filament polymerization defects were associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, we identified two mitochondrial-boosting compounds, linoleic acid (LA) and L-carnitine (LCAR), that improved the formation of actin filaments in mutant fibroblasts and corrected mitochondrial bioenergetics. Our results indicate that cellular models can be useful to study the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in NM and to find new potential therapies. Furthermore, targeting mitochondrial dysfunction with LA and LCAR can revert the pathological alterations in NM cellular models.
Structure-Guided Approach for the Development of MUC1-Glycopeptide-Based Cancer Vaccines with Predictable Responses

Mucin-1 (MUC1) glycopeptides are exceptional candidates for potential cancer vaccines. However, their autoantigenic nature often results in a weak immune response. To overcome this drawback, we carefully engineered synthetic antigens with precise chemical modifications. To be effective and stimulate an anti-MUC1 response, artificial antigens must mimic the conformational dynamics of natural antigens in solution and have an equivalent or higher binding affinity to anti-MUC1 antibodies than their natural counterparts. As a proof of concept, we have developed a glycopeptide that contains noncanonical amino acid (2S,3R)-3-hydroxynorvaline. The unnatural antigen fulfills these two properties and effectively mimics the threonine-derived antigen. On the one hand, conformational analysis in water shows that this surrogate explores a landscape similar to that of the natural variant. On the other hand, the presence of an additional methylene group in the side chain of this analog compared to the threonine residue enhances a CH/π interaction in the antigen/antibody complex. Despite an enthalpy–entropy balance, this synthetic glycopeptide has a binding affinity slightly higher than that of its natural counterpart. When conjugated with gold nanoparticles, the vaccine candidate stimulates the formation of specific anti-MUC1 IgG antibodies in mice and shows efficacy comparable to that of the natural derivative. The antibodies also exhibit cross-reactivity to selectively target, for example, human breast cancer cells. This investigation relied on numerous analytical (e.g., NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography) and biophysical techniques and molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the antigen–antibody interactions. This workflow streamlines the synthetic process, saves time, and reduces the need for extensive, animal-intensive immunization procedures. These advances underscore the promise of structure-based rational design in the advance of cancer vaccine development.