Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Lithium treatment and potential long-term side effects: a systematic review of the literature].

INTRODUCTION AND AIM Lithium is recommended by all treatment guidelines for bipolar disorder (BD) as a first-line maintenance treatment. However, the potential side effects and risks associated with long-term lithium use may at times make the implementation of these recommendations in daily practice challenging. The aim of the study is to review available literature on potential long-term side effects of lithium. MATERIALS AND METHODS A PubMed/Medline search was performed on papers dealing with long-term treatment with lithium and side effects. Articles published from January 1980 to February 2013 were selected. RESULTS Long-term lithium treatment is associated with a reduced urinary concentrating ability, with subsequent polyuria and polidypsia and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (in 10-40% of patients). Lithium also reduces glomerular filtration rate, and increases risk of renal failure, although the absolute risk is small (0.5% of patients). Lithium treatment is associated with significant higher TSH levels, with a 6-fold greater risk of hypothyroidism in lithium-treated than in control subjects. Less known is the increase of PTH and calcium levels induced by lithium. An exacerbation of psoriasis is also frequently associated with lithium treatment. CONCLUSIONS Lithium remains a fundamental tool for the treatment of BD. Clinicians should know potential side effects (renal, endocrine and dermatological) associated with long-term treatment with lithium, for a correct management of the patient. A specialist referral is often necessary; the question is how to deal with long-term side effects more than whether or not withdrawing lithium. This decision should remain a psychiatrist's competence.
Chicana/o Identity in a Changing U.S. Society

What does it mean to be Chicana/o? That question might not be answered the same as it was a generation ago. As the United States witnesses a major shift in its population from a white majority to a country where no single group predominates the new mix not only affects relations between ethnic groups but also influences how individuals view themselves. This book addresses the development of individual and social identity within the context of these new demographic and cultural shifts. It identifies the contemporary forces that shape group identity in order to show how Chicana/os' sense of personal identity and social identity develops and how these identities are affected by changes in social relations. The authors, both nationally recognized experts in social psychology, are concerned with the subjective definitions individuals have about the social groups with which they identify, as well as with linguistic, cultural, and social contexts. Their analysis reveals what the majority of Chicanas/os experience, using examples from music, movies, and the arts to illustrate complex concepts. In considering i? Quien Soy? ("Who Am I? ") , they discuss how individuals develop a positive sense of who they are as Chicanas/os, with an emphasis on the influence of family, schools, and community. Regarding i? Quienes Somos? ("Who Are We? "), they explore Chicanas/os' different group memberships that define who they are as a people, particularly reviewing the colonization history of the American Southwest to show how Chicanas/os' group identity is influenced by this history. A chapter on "Language, Culture, and Community" looks at how Chicanas/os define their social identities inside and outside their communities, whether in the classroom, neighborhood, or region. In a final chapter, the authors speculate how Chicana/o identity will change as Chicanas/os become a significant proportion of the U.S. population and as such factors as immigration, intermarriage, and improvements in social standing influence the process of identification. At the end of each chapter is an engaging exercise that reinforces its main argument and shows how psychological approaches are applicable to real life. Chicana/o Identity in a Changing U.S. Society is an unprecedented introduction to psychological issues that students can relate to and understand. It complements other titles in the Mexican American Experience series to provide a balanced view of issues that affect Mexican Americans today.
Alzheimer ’ s disease ADAM GAZZALEY &

The application of neuroimaging technology to study Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been steadily increasing over the last two decades. To date, the majority of neuroimaging contributions to understanding the pathophysiology and clinical course of AD have utilized structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Influenced by pathological data, which reveal that the earliest disease manifestations are in medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures such as the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex (Braak and Braak 1991), structural MRI studies have largely focused on volumetric measures of the MTL. Starting in the early 1990s, MTL volumes were shown to distinguish agematched normal controls and AD patients, including those with very mild forms of the disease where the diagnosis of dementia was not yet conclusive (Jack et al. 1992, 1997). Further studies using quantitative volumetric measures have now demonstrated that MTL volumes predict progression to AD from mild states of memory impairment (de Leon et al. 1993; Jack et al. 2000; Dickerson et al. 2001; Mungas et al. 2002) and correlate with impaired memory performance in AD patients (de Toledo-Morrell et al. 2000; Petersen et al. 2000), thus supporting the contention that MTL volumetric measures are both clinically and biologically relevant. The application of structural MRI has continued to advance as other measures have complemented the volumetric studies. For example, the use
SIP Signaling and QoS for ROHC Based Next Generation MANETs Reactive Routing Protocols

In this paper, an evaluation of SIP signaling and voice QoS for SIP based VoIP using GSM voice codec system over IPv6 MANETs with Static, and Random mobility models. This evaluation study considered two types of reactive routing protocols, AODV and DSR. The study examined IPv4, IPv6, and Robust Header Compression (ROHC) as a compression/decompression system for IPv6 headers. The evaluation results show that SIP signaling and VoIP traffic are acting poorly over IPv6 even when applying ROHC. In general, AODV has low performance over different types of Random mobility models for MANET nodes, while DSR shows better performance with Static mobility models and bad performance with Random mobility models. When using ROHC for TCP traffic, a level of enhanced performance had shown for SIP based VoIP calls over IPv6 MANET. However ROHC still has longer delays and poor performance compared with SIP based VoIP over IPv4 MANET. Therefore, the SIP signaling for IPv6 MANET reactive protocols require further enhancements for SIP/TCP registration and retransmission timers to be able to employ the capabilities of IPv6 and ROHC system for SIP based VoIP and real-time applications over MANET.
Excess Mortality and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Surviving Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Nationwide Study in Sweden

Background and Purpose— Survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may have an increased risk of cardiovascular events because of shared risk factors. We compared incidences of vascular diseases, vascular death, and all-cause death after SAH with those in the general population. Methods— From the Swedish Hospital Discharge and Cause of Death registries, we identified patients with SAH between January 1987 and January 2003. Conditional on survival of 3 months after SAH, we calculated standardized mortality and incidence ratios with corresponding 95% CIs for vascular death, all-cause death, and fatal or nonfatal vascular diseases. Cumulative risks were estimated with survival analysis. Results— Of 17 705 patients with SAH (mean age, 59.7 years; 59.5% women), 11 374 survived at least 3 months after SAH. During follow-up (mean, 6.8 years), 2152 (18.9%) died. The risk of death was 12.9% within 5 years, 23.6% within 10 years, and 35.4% within 15 years after SAH. The overall standardized mortality ratio was 1.57 (95% CI, 1.44 to 1.70) for vascular death and 1.61 (95% CI, 1.52 to 1.70) for all-cause death. The standardized mortality ratios were particularly high in younger individuals, ranging from 2.1 to 3.7 for vascular death and from 2.1 to 2.6 for all-cause death for patients between 50 and 65 years of age. The standardized incidence ratio for fatal or nonfatal vascular diseases was 1.51 (95% CI, 1.45 to 1.56). Conclusions— Mortality and risk of vascular diseases are increased in survivors of SAH. Prevention of new vascular diseases after SAH by management of risk factors seems important.
Secure Message Transmission In Asynchronous Directed Networks

We study the problem of information-theoretically secure message transmission (SMT) in asynchronous directed networks. In line with the literature, the distrust and failures of the network is captured via a computationally unbounded Byzantine adversary that may corrupt some subset of nodes. We give a characterization of networks over which SMT from sender S to receiver R is possible in both the well-known settings, namely perfect SMT (PSMT) and unconditional SMT (USMT). We distinguish between two variants of USMT: one in which R can output an incorrect message (with small probability) and another in which R never outputs a wrong message, but may choose to abort (with small probability). We also provide efficient protocols for an important class of networks.
Prescribing the Life of the Mind: An Essay on the Purpose of the University, the Aims of Liberal Education, the Competence of Citizens, and the Cultivation of Practical Reason

What are the purposes of the university? What should be the aims of liberal education? With phrases like "cultural relativism, " "political correctness, " "cultural literacy, " and "canon wars" buzzing through the halls of academia and of government and appearing almost daily in heated public debates, these are important questions. With good will and common sense, Charles W. Anderson enters the fracas. He argues that teaching students to think, by developing their capacity for practical reason, can provide unifying mission for the university and an integrating theme for the curriculum. A distinguished political philosopher with years of experience teaching in undergraduate liberal arts programs, Anderson shows here how the ideal of practical reason can reconcile academia's research aims with public expectations for universities: the preparation of citizens, the training of professionals, the communication of a cultural inheritance. It is not good enough, he contends, to simply say that the university should stick to the great books of the classic tradition, or to denounce this tradition and declare that all important questions are a matter of personal or cultural choice. By applying the methods of practical reason, teachers and students will think critically about the essential purposes of any human activity and the underlying arguments of any text. They will have standards of excellence and rigor to use as tools in all fields. Prescribing the Life of the Mind suggests that the exercise of practical reason can accommodate and bring together the diverse factions and points of view now at war in the universities: the scientists and the humanists, those who teach classic rationalism andthose who insist on postmodernist perspectives. Readers both within and beyond the academic community will welcome Anderson's practical and thoughtful approach. In addition to his convincing arguments, Anderson makes specific curriculum-building suggestions that should promote livel
Power System Control Centers: Past, Present, and Future

In this paper, we review the functions and architectures of control centers: their past, present, and likely future. The evolving changes in power system operational needs require a distributed control center that is decentralized, integrated, flexible, and open. Present-day control centers are moving in that direction with varying degrees of success. The technologies employed in today's control centers to enable them to be distributed are briefly reviewed. With the rise of the Internet age, the trend in information and communication technologies is moving toward Grid computing and Web services, or Grid services. A Grid service-based future control center is stipulated.
Combining Multiple Support Vector Machines using Fuzzy Integral for Classification

Recently, in the area of pattern recognition, the concept of combining multiple support vector machines (SVMs) has been proposed as a new direction to improve classification performance. However, current commonly used SVMs aggregation strategies do not evaluate the importance of degree of the output of individual component SVM classifier to the final decision. A method for multiple SVMs combination using fuzzy integral is proposed to resolve this problem. Fuzzy integral combines objective evidence, in the form of a SVM probabilistic output, with subjective evaluation of the importance of that component SVM with respect to the final decision. The experimental results confirm the superiority of the presented method to the traditional majority voting technique
easurement of arterial stiffness in subjects with vascular disease : re vessel wall changes more sensitive than increase n intima – media thickness ?

Background and aims: It is widely accepted that subjects with vascular disease have increased arterial stiffness and intima–media thickness (IMT) when compared with healthy controls. The aim of this study was to investigate indices of arterial stiffness and IMT in the common carotid arteries (CCAs) of subjects with and without peripheral arterial disease (PAD), in order to look for evidence of change in wall quality and quantity to explain increased stiffness that has been found in the arteries of subjects with vascular disease. Methods and results: The arterial distension waveform (ADW), IMT, diameter and brachial blood pressure were measured to calculate Young’s Modulus (E) and elastic modulus (Ep) in the common carotid arteries of subjects with and without PAD. 38 subjects with confirmed PAD were compared with 43 normal controls matched for age, sex, smoking and hypertension. The mean diameter (8.35 mm [95% CI 7.93–8.77] vs. 6.93 mm [6.65–7.20] P < 0.001, increase 20%), IMT (0.99 mm [0.92–1.07] vs. 0.88 mm [0.82–0.93] P = 0.020, increase 12.5%), Ep (315 kPa [185–444] vs. 190 kPa [164–216] P = 0.034, increase 66%) and E (1383 kPa [836–1930] vs. 744 kPa [641–846] P = 0.006, increase 86%) were all significantly higher in subjects with PAD. Conclusions: This study suggests that increased stiffness observed in subjects with peripheral vascular disease is a result of change in both quantity and quality of the arterial wall. Changes in indices of arterial er th of ar stiffness were much high an indication that indices
Lifetime Lexical Variation in Social Media

As the rapid growth of online social media attracts a large number of Internet users, the large volume of content generated by these users also provides us with an opportunity to study the lexical variation of people of different ages. In this paper, we present a latent variable model that jointly models the lexical content of tweets and Twitter users’ ages. Our model inherently assumes that a topic has not only a word distribution but also an age distribution. We propose a Gibbs-EM algorithm to perform inference on our model. Empirical evaluation shows that our model can learn meaningful age-specific topics such as “school” for teenagers and “health” for older people. Our model can also be used for age prediction and performs better than a number of baseline methods.
Expression of Design Implication for the Products in the Digital Environment

The digital products gradually permeate into realistic life with their advantages such as high-efficiency, multi-function and intelligence, and the design of digital Products has already broken away from the original concept of product design. Based on the feature of the design of digital Products, the specific expression method and characteristic of the language of digital mechanical product design are emphasized in this paper. The result of the study indicates that the expression of the multi-variant implication of Products can provide a new visual angle for knowing Products completely, and can also present a new method for innovational design of Products.
Draft Genome Sequences of Achromobacter piechaudii GCS2, Agrobacterium sp. Strain SUL3, Microbacterium sp. Strain GCS4, Shinella sp. Strain GWS1, and Shinella sp. Strain SUS2 Isolated from Consortium with the Hydrocarbon-Producing Alga Botryococcus braunii

ABSTRACT A variety of bacteria associate with the hydrocarbon-producing microalga Botryococcus braunii, some of which may influence its growth. We report here the genome sequences for Achromobacter piechaudii GCS2, Agrobacterium sp. strain SUL3, Microbacterium sp. strain GCS4, and Shinella sp. strains GWS1 and SUS2, isolated from a laboratory culture of B. braunii, race B, strain Guadeloupe.
Intraclass Retrieval of Nonrigid 3D Objects: Application to Face Recognition

As the size of the available collections of 3D objects grows, database transactions become essential for their management with the key operation being retrieval (query). Large collections are also precategorized into classes so that a single class contains objects of the same type (e.g., human faces, cars, four-legged animals). It is shown that general object retrieval methods are inadequate for intraclass retrieval tasks. We advocate that such intraclass problems require a specialized method that can exploit the basic class characteristics in order to achieve higher accuracy. A novel 3D object retrieval method is presented which uses a parameterized annotated model of the shape of the class objects, incorporating its main characteristics. The annotated subdivision-based model is fitted onto objects of the class using a deformable model framework, converted to a geometry image and transformed into the wavelet domain. Object retrieval takes place in the wavelet domain. The method does not require user interaction, achieves high accuracy, is efficient for use with large databases, and is suitable for nonrigid object classes. We apply our method to the face recognition domain, one of the most challenging intraclass retrieval tasks. We used the Face Recognition Grand Challenge v2 database, yielding an average verification rate of 95.2 percent at to 10-3 false accept rate. The latest results of our work can be found at http://www.cbl. uh.edu/UR8D/
Broadband Doherty Alternative with Filter Design Considerations

Doherty Amplifiers have become the standard architecture for high-efficiency cellular infrastructure applications, but most designs in production and in the field are limited in RF bandwidth (RFBW). Though it would be desirable to have Doherty amplifiers that operate over several adjacent bands, the importance of system efficiency under corrected linearity conditions has limited the deployment of wider-bandwidth Doherty amplifiers. This is particularly true where amplifiers require peak power capability of 500W or greater. This paper discusses filter design techniques related to RF power semiconductors targeted for wideband Doherty operations, as well as an amplifier technique that we call Frequency Selective Broadband (FSBB) Doherty design-this technique allows an alternative amplifier design covering multiple operating bands, without trade-offs in efficiency performance.
Event-triggered discrete-time multi-agent consensus with delayed quantized information

This paper mainly investigates the event-triggered multi-agent consensus problem with quantization and communication delays. A new distributed event-triggered scheme is proposed for the considered multi-agent network model. It is shown that the multi-agent network will achieve consensus asymptotically under the proposed distributed event-triggered protocols. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical results.
Dept. for Speech, Music and Hearing Quarterly Progress and Status Report Olga -a Dialogue System with an Animated Talking Agent Olga -a Dialogue System with an Animated Talking Agent * *

The object of the Olga project is to develop an interactive 3D animated talking agent. A futuristic application scenario is interactive digital TV, where the Olga agent would guide naive users through the various services available on the network. The current application is a consumer information service for microwave ovens. Olga required the development of a system with components from many different fields: multimodal interfaces, dialogue management, speech recognition, speech synthesis, graphics, animation, facilities for direct manipulation and database handling. To integrate all knowledge sources Olga is implemented with separate modules communicating with a central dialogue interaction manager. In this paper, we mainly describe the talking animated agent and the dialogue manager. There is also a short description of the preliminary speech recogniser used in the project.
Differing effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype selective antagonists on dyskinesias in levodopa-treated 1-methyl-4-phenyl-tetrahydropyridine monkeys.

The antiparkinsonian and antidyskinetic profile of two N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, a competitive antagonist, (R)-4-oxo-5-phosphononorvaline (MDL 100,453), and a novel noncompetitive allosteric site antagonist, 4-hydroxy-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)ethyl]-4-(4-methylbenzyl)piper idi ne (Co 101244/PD 174494), was assessed in six levodopa-treated 1-methyl-4-phenyl-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned parkinsonian monkeys. The effects on motor function of these two drugs, alone and in combination with levodopa, were then correlated with NMDA subtype selectivity and apparent affinity for four diheteromeric NMDA receptor subunit combinations expressed in Xenopus oocytes. MDL 100, 453 (300 mg/kg s.c.) by itself increased global motor activity (p =. 0005 versus vehicle) and administered 15 min after a low dose of levodopa/benserazide s.c. , MDL 100,453 (50, 300 mg/kg s.c.) showed dose-dependent potentiation of antiparkinsonian responses and also produced dyskinesias. Following injection of a fully effective dose of levodopa, MDL 100,453 (300 mg/kg s.c.) also produced a 25% increase in mean dyskinesia score (p =.04). In contrast, Co 101244 did not change motor activity by itself and only showed a tendency to potentiate the antiparkinsonian response when given in combination with a low dose of levodopa, which did not attain statistical significance. However, with a high dose of levodopa, Co 101244 (0.1, 1 mg/kg s.c.) displayed antidyskinetic effects (67 and 71% reduction, respectively) while sparing levodopa motor benefit. In vitro, MDL 100,453 was an NMDA glutamate-site antagonist, with approximately 5- to 10-fold selectivity for the NR1A/NR2A subtype combination (K(b) = 0.6 microM) versus NR1A in combination with 2B, 2C, or 2D. In contrast, the allosteric site antagonist Co 101244 showed approximately 10,000-fold selectivity for the NR1A/NR2B (IC(50) = 0.026 microM) versus the other three subunit combinations tested. Taken together, the data suggest that the NR2 subunit selectivity profile of NMDA receptor antagonists can play an important role in predicting behavioral outcome and offer more evidence that NR2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists may be useful agents in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.