Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
P-Type ATPase Heavy Metal Transporters with Roles in Essential Zinc Homeostasis in Arabidopsis

Arabidopsis thaliana has eight genes encoding members of the type 1B heavy metal–transporting subfamily of the P-type ATPases. Three of these transporters, HMA2, HMA3, and HMA4, are closely related to each other and are most similar in sequence to the divalent heavy metal cation transporters of prokaryotes. To determine the function of these transporters in metal homeostasis, we have identified and characterized mutants affected in each. Whereas the individual mutants exhibited no apparent phenotype, hma2 hma4 double mutants had a nutritional deficiency phenotype that could be compensated for by increasing the level of Zn, but not Cu or Co, in the growth medium. Levels of Zn, but not other essential elements, in the shoot tissues of a hma2 hma4 double mutant and, to a lesser extent, of a hma4 single mutant were decreased compared with the wild type. Together, these observations indicate a primary role for HMA2 and HMA4 in essential Zn homeostasis. HMA2promoter- and HMA4promoter-reporter gene constructs provide evidence that HMA2 and HMA4 expression is predominantly in the vascular tissues of roots, stems, and leaves. In addition, expression of the genes in developing anthers was confirmed by RT-PCR and was consistent with a male-sterile phenotype in the double mutant. HMA2 appears to be localized to the plasma membrane, as indicated by protein gel blot analysis of membrane fractions using isoform-specific antibodies and by the visualization of an HMA2-green fluorescent protein fusion by confocal microscopy. These observations are consistent with a role for HMA2 and HMA4 in Zn translocation. hma2 and hma4 mutations both conferred increased sensitivity to Cd in a phytochelatin-deficient mutant background, suggesting that they may also influence Cd detoxification.
Adaptive Visualisation System for Construction Building Information Models Using Saliency

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a recent construction process based on a 3D model, containing every component related to the building achievement. Architects, structure engineers, method engineers, and others participant to the building process work on this model through the design-to-construction cycle. The high complexity and the large amount of information included in these models raise several issues, delaying its wide adoption in the industrial world. One of the most important is the visualization: professionals have difficulties to find out the relevant information for their job. Actual solutions suffer from two limitations: the BIM models information are processed manually and insignificant information are simply hidden, leading to inconsistencies in the building model. This paper describes a system relying on an ontological representation of the building information to label automatically the building elements. Depending on the user's department, the visualization is modified according to these labels by automatically adjusting the colors and image properties based on a saliency model. The proposed saliency model incorporates several adaptations to fit the specificities of architectural images.
Women's Employment and its Relation to Children's Health and Schooling in Developing Countries: Conceptual Links, Empirical Evidence, and Policies

This paper reviews several decades of empirical research on the effects of women's work on investments in children's human capital - their nutrition and schooling - in developing countries. No clear relationship between women's work and nutrition emerges from a large body of studies examining this issue, but this is to be expected given the complexity of the relationship and the wide variation in methodological approaches. However, specific factors, such as quality of substitute care and age of the child, condition the relationship and point to areas where policy can intervene to prevent negative nutritional outcomes or enhance positive outcomes of maternal work. Less research has been done on the subject of women's work and children's schooling, but there is evidence that there can be negative effects on girl's education because daughters are often obliged to substitute in the home for mothers who work. The paper considers a range of policies (including, in particular, childcare) that can reduce the potential conflicts, or increase the complementarities, between women's need or desire to work and their children's well-being. Also discussed are trends in developing economies and in the global economy that are affecting women's work and its relation to children's welfare, as well as affecting the ability of governments to intervene to ease the domestic constraints on women.
CIASYS--Change Impact Analysis at System Level

The research field of change impact analysis plays an important role in software engineering theory and practice nowadays. Not only because it has many scientific challenges, but it has many industrial applications too (e.g., cost estimation, test optimization), and the current techniques are still not ready to fulfill the requirements of industry. Typically, the current solutions lack a whole-system view and give either precise results with high computation costs or less precise results with fast algorithms. For these reasons, they are not applicable to large industrial systems where both scalability and precision are very important. In this paper, we present a project whose main goal is to develop an innovative change impact analysis software-suit based on recent scientific results and modern technologies. The suite will use hybrid analysis techniques to benefit from all the advantages of static and dynamic analyses. In addition, it will be able to determine the dependencies at system level of software systems with heterogeneous architecture. The software is being developed by FrontEndART Ltd. while the theoretical and technological background is provided by the Department of Software Engineering at the University of Szeged. The project is funded by the Economic Development Operational Programme, New Hungary Development Plan.
Implementation and evaluation of fast on-the-fly WFST composition algorithms

When using Weighted Finite State Transducers (WFSTs) in speech recognition, on-the-fly composition approaches have been proposed as a method of reducing memory consumption and increasing flexibility during decoding. We have recently implemented several fast on-the-fly techniques, namely avoiding dead-end states, dynamic pushing and state sharing in our decoding engine. The goal of this paper is to provide a unified study of how the different on-the-fly techniques and online composition combinations effect speech recognition performance. The evaluations were performed on a large spontaneous speech recognition task and the results show that when using on-the-fly composition with a fully dynamically composed language model component the performance degrades substantially even when avoiding dead-end states. We then show in these cases the recognition performance can be dramatically improved with the addition of dynamic pushing and state sharing.
Search result diversification using data envelopment analysis

How to resolve query ambiguity and how to avoid redundancies in a search result? The redundancy in returned results(e.g., near duplicates) has a negative effect on retrieval effectiveness(i.e., user satisfaction) and there is less benefit in representing relevant yet redundant results to the user repeatedly. So the ambiguity of query needs to be reflected in the returned results to account for the uncertainty on the user's information need. In a diversity context, the user is usually interested in retrieving various types of relevant documents (the number of information needs) more than the ones which are at the top of the result list. In this paper, we present a new document re-ranking method for information retrieval using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Diversity Retrieval Measure (DRM). The goal of the proposed re-ranking system is to diversify the documents results from the original ranking list. The experimentation is performed on hundreds of random Decision Making Units (DMUs) and the consequence achieved is compared with the existing system. The result demonstrates that the new method satisfies the unspecified individuals when the query is ambiguous. It also shows that the diversifying method is effective to satisfy the user who wants to get many types of information.
Phylogeny Visualization Using Ontology Approach

Bioinformatics is a branch of biological science and information technology which deals with the study of methods for storing, retrieving and analyzing biological data. Phylogeny is the genealogical study of living and non living organisms to represents the historical pattern of relationship among organisms. The paper proposes in ontology for phylogeny visualization based representation. The proposed method provides a better visualization approach with interrelated data of organisms represents in phylogenetic tree. The data of organism can be retrieved using query and dynamic visualization.
PD PATTERNS RECOGNITION IN XLPE CABLE UNDER VARIOUS THERMAL CONDITIONS USING STATISTICAL TECHNIQUE

Condition monitoring of partial discharge (PD) has become a preferred method in the design of HV apparatus. Power cable is one of the HV apparatus affected by PD activity. Although, the phenomenon of PD in power cables are well known, the effect of soil thermodynamics on PD is not yet well established. Thus, an experiment has been carried out to assess the effect of soil thermal resistivity on various PD parameters at different temperatures. Cable sample studied is an 11kV, single core, 240mm 2 XLPE cable. Classification is firstly carried out using the conventional method “Recognition Rate”. A proposed method, which is called “Hitting Pattern”, is then introduced to overcome the limitation of “Recognition Rate”. Classification using “Hitting Pattern” emphasises on the patterns of discharge, which is not considered by the “Recognition Rate”. These two techniques are developed with the help of 27 statistical parameters, so called “classifiers”, which are calculated using PD Analyzer Programme developed in-house. The values of classifiers of standard physical condition are used to classify PD patterns of non-standard physical conditions. The authors have also discussed about the simplified version of “Recognition Rate”, which is called “Fingerprint”, for the easier observation purposes.
Fast Rate-Distortion Optimal Packetization of Embedded Bitstreams into Independent Source Packets

This thesis addresses the rate-distortion optimal packetization (RDOP) of embedded bitstreams into independent source packets for the purpose of limiting error propagation in transmission over packet noisy channels. The embedded stream is assumed to be an interleaving of K independently decodable basic streams. The goal is to partition these basic streams into N(N < K) groups, which later are used to form N independent source packets. The streams within each group are interleaved according to their relative order in the original embedded stream to generate the source packet. Error protection can be furthered applied across source packets to produce the channel packets to be transmitted. The RDOP problem previously formulated by Wu el al. focused on finding the partition that minimizes the distortion when all packets are decoded. The authors proposed a dynamic programming algorithm which worked under both high bit rate and low bit rate scenarios. In this thesis, we extend the problem formulation to finding the partition which minimizes the expected distortion at the receiver for a wide range of transmission scenarios including unequal/equal error/erasure protection and multiple description codes. Then we show that the dynamic programming algorithm of (Wu et al., 2001) can be extended to solve the new RDOP problem.
A feasibility study on a cooperative safety application for cyclists crossing intersections

Introduction of wireless vehicular communications enables a variety of new ITS use-cases [1, 2], allowing for cooperation between vehicles and infrastructure services. However the cooperation between vehicles and vulnerable road users (VRU) is not considered in these use cases. Currently there are already efforts to investigate the feasibility and the impact of systems to protect VRU [3-5]. Due to the continuously increasing number of traffic participants in urban environments this paper focuses on protecting cyclists in intersection scenarios. Therefore this paper provides a feasibility study on a cooperative safety application for vehicles and bicycles using a vehicle equipped with Vehicle-to-X communication (ETSI ITS G5) technology and a commercial mobile device using consumer WLAN (IEEE 802.11g) at the bicycle. Within a demonstration it is proven that the set up and the deployment of such a system is feasible. Thus it could help to decrease the number of accidents between vehicles and bicycles or at least mitigate the impact of an accident.
Stochastic radio interferometric positioning in the 2.4 GHz range

This paper presents a novel Radio Interferometric Positioning System (RIPS), which we call Stochastic RIPS (SRIPS). Although RIPS provides centimeter accuracy, it is still not widely adopted due to (1) the limited set of suitable radio platforms and (2) the relatively long measurement and calibration times. SRIPS overcomes these practical limitations by (1) omitting the calibration phase of the existing RIPS and by (2) applying a novel positioning algorithm. SRIPS exploits the phenomenon of the small but stable difference between two transmitted frequencies that often exists when two radios are tuned to the same frequency. We obtain an experimental measure for this stability. This approach enables the implementation of RIPS on commonly available radio platforms, such as the CC2430, because fine-tuning in small steps relative to the beat frequencies for calibration is not required. In addition, we show that SRIPS calculates the position that provides the best fit to the set of measurements, given the underlying statistical and propagation models. Therefore, SRIPS converges more accurately to the true locations in a variety of situations of practical interest. Experiments in a 20x20m2 set-up verify this and show that our SRIPS CC2430 implementation reduces the number of required measurements by a factor of three, and it reduces the measurement time to less than 0.1 seconds, while providing accuracy similar to that of the existing RIPS implementation on the CC1000 platform, which requires seconds.
Volumetric Ambient Occlusion for Real-Time Rendering and Games

This new algorithm, based on GPUs, can compute ambient occlusion to inexpensively approximate global-illumination effects in real-time systems and games. The first step in deriving this algorithm is to examine how ambient occlusion relates to the physically founded rendering equation. The correspondence stems from a fuzzy membership function that defines what constitutes nearby occlusions. The next step is to develop a method to calculate ambient occlusion in real time without precomputation. The algorithm is based on a novel interpretation of ambient occlusion that measures the relative volume of the visible part of the surface's tangent sphere. The new formula's integrand has low variation and thus can be estimated accurately with a few samples.
A Tablet PC based System for Ubiquitous Patient Monitoring and Smart Alert Generation in an Intensive Care Unit

Providing critical care to patients admitted to an ICU is a very important aspect in healthcare. This requires mechanisms for ubiquitous monitoring and smart alert generation systems. The conventional systems in many hospitals are not able to cope up with this requirement. So that medication and other required actions will be getting delayed making life difficult for a patient. These issues can be addressed by implementing a Tablet PC based system focussed on ICU based work flows. Designing and developing of Apps can provide better solutions for clinical data entry, patient monitoring and meaningful alert generation. The clinical data entry can be made easier with the help of a Tablet PC which offers a number of possibilities for organised data entry. Once the data becomes available; forms, charts, graphs etc can be generated easily without much manual intervention. Interfacing bed side monitors to the central server can provide automated and ubiquitous solutions for monitoring and analysis of patient data . Another important aspect is the way in which alert generation is made. In existing systems alerts are generated based on hard limits set by the clinical staff. There is a need to develop a more comprehensive system that holistically looks at all available information about the situation before generating an alert. Towards this, it should continuously monitor all vital signals available and evaluate the cross functional effects between them before arriving at the seriousness of the conditions leading to more meaningful alerts.
A Scaling Law for Quark Masses and the CKM matrix

We have recently argued that quark masses may follow a simple scaling law. In this paper we build a simple mass matrix for quarks that can reproduce the scaling law expression. The simple mass matrices of the model are then generalized through general rotations in the ﬂavor space, including phase transformations. In turn they will be used to construct the quark-mixing matrix. It has been found that the model can predict the entries of the CKM matrix in excellent agreement with current values. We give precise values for the light quark masses and determine the magnitude of the CP violation and also the quark-mixing angles in the ﬂavor space. The main motivation behind this work is to relate the scaling law predictions with quark-mixing, through a simple mass matrix and its generalized Hermitian form.
An Efficient Algorithm for Computing High-Quality Paths amid Polygonal Obstacles

We study a path-planning problem amid a set O of obstacles in R2, in which we wish to compute a short path between two points while also maintaining a high clearance from O; the clearance of a point is its distance from a nearest obstacle in O. Specifically, the problem asks for a path minimizing the reciprocal of the clearance integrated over the length of the path. We present the first polynomial-time approximation scheme for this problem. Let n be the total number of obstacle vertices and let ε ∈ (0, 1]. Our algorithm computes in time O(n2/ε2 log n/ε) a path of total cost at most (1 + ε) times the cost of the optimal path.
Transfusion of human volunteers with older, stored red blood cells produces extravascular hemolysis and circulating non-transferrin-bound iron.

Transfusions of RBCs stored for longer durations are associated with adverse effects in hospitalized patients. We prospectively studied 14 healthy human volunteers who donated standard leuko-reduced, double RBC units. One unit was autologously transfused "fresh" (3-7 days of storage), and the other "older" unit was transfused after 40 to 42 days of storage. Of the routine laboratory parameters measured at defined times surrounding transfusion, significant differences between fresh and older transfusions were only observed in iron parameters and markers of extravascular hemolysis. Compared with fresh RBCs, mean serum total bilirubin increased by 0.55 mg/dL at 4 hours after transfusion of older RBCs (P = .0003), without significant changes in haptoglobin or lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, only after the older transfusion, transferrin saturation increased progressively over 4 hours to a mean of 64%, and non-transferrin-bound iron appeared, reaching a mean of 3. 2μM. The increased concentrations of non-transferrin-bound iron correlated with enhanced proliferation in vitro of a pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli (r = 0.94, P = .002). Therefore, circulating non-transferrin-bound iron derived from rapid clearance of transfused, older stored RBCs may enhance transfusion-related complications, such as infection.
The Extreme-Ultraviolet Excess Emission of the Virgo and A1795 Clusters: Reobservation with in Situ Background Measurements

The Virgo and A1795 clusters of galaxies were reobserved by the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer with in situ background measurements by pointing at small offsets. Earlier, a similar reobservational strategy applied to the cluster A2199 revealed that the background radial profile was consistent with a flat distribution, and therefore the original method of extracting cluster EUV signals by the subtraction of an asymptotically determined background was valid. It is shown here that the same conclusions hold for the current sample. A model of the background was obtained from its known properties and the in situ measurements, and the subtracted cluster fluxes remain in agreement with those reported in our discovery papers. They are also consistent with results from the most conservative procedure of direct point-to-point subtraction of the in situ background and proper error propagation, which still preserves the existence of the EUV excess and its rising radial trend. We present evidence that argues against the soft excess as due to peculiarities in the line-of-sight Galactic absorption. The data appear to favor a thermal origin of the emission.
Use of Infrared Thermography to Detect Thermographic Changes in Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus) Experimentally Infected with Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Abstract Infrared thermography (IRT) measures the heat emitted from a surface, displays that information as a pictorial representation called a thermogram, and is capable of being a remote, noninvasive technology that provides information on the health of an animal. Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) caused by FMD virus (FMDV) is a severe, highly communicable viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals, including both domestic and wild ruminants. Early detection of the disease may reduce economic loss and loss of susceptible wildlife. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of IRT to detect possible heat changes associated with sites of infection with FMDV in experimentally infected mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). Infection occurred through either inoculation with FMDV or exposure to inoculated animals. Early vesicular lesions were observed on the mouth, feet, or both within 24 hrs postinoculation and 48–96 hrs post-exposure. From internal temperature sensors, the exposed animals' body temperatures elevated significantly from the pre-infection temperature (38.8°C, P ≤ 0.002) starting the day before any lesions were observed. Body temperature was also found not to be significantly different from eye temperatures of well-focused thermograms. For feet thermograms, the mean of the daily maximum (MMAX) foot temperature rose significantly (P = 0.017) from two days before (27.3°C ± 1.9°C SE) to the maximum MMAX observed (33.0°C ± 2.0°C SE) at two days after the first foot lesion occurrence. These observed changes indicate that IRT may be a rapid, remote, and noninvasive method to screen for suspect animals in order to test further for FMDV infection during an FMD outbreak.
Isolation and Characterization of a cDNA Encoding a Chick a-Actinin *

We have isolated and sequenced a 2.1-kilobase cDNA encoding 86% of the sequence of a-actinin. The cDNA clone was isolated from a chick embryo fibroblast cDNA library constructed in the expression vector Xgtll. Identification of this sequence as a-actinin was confirmed by immunological methods and by comparing the deduced protein sequence with the sequence of several CNBr fragments obtained from adult chicken smooth muscle (gizzard) a-actinin. The deduced protein sequence shows two distinct domains, one of which consists of four repeats of approximately 120 amino acids. This region corresponds to a previously identified 50-kDa tryptic peptide involved in formation of the a-actinin dimer. The last 19 residues of C-terminal sequence display an homology with the so-called E-F hand of Ca2*-binding proteins. Hybridization analysis reveals only one size of mRNA (approximately 3.5 kilobases) in fibroblasts, but multiple bands in genomic cDNA.