Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insights on NGO brand equity: a donor-based brand equity model

PurposeThe growth in the number of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) worldwide has led to increased competition for donations. A stronger NGO brand equity will make donors more attracted to an organization, compelling them to increase both their donations and their commitment. The goal of this study is to propose a novel donor-based brand equity model. The present study takes into consideration the special characteristics that donors confer to NGOs—specific examples of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) that demand higher moral capital. The suggested framework considers the donor's perspective of NGO brand equity and identifies new dimensions: familiarity (recall, brand strength and brand identification), associations (authenticity, reputation and differentiation) and commitment (attitudinal, emotional) by building on previous NPOs and consumer-based brand equity models.Design/methodology/approachBased on the analysis of the literature, the authors propose an NGO donor-based brand equity model, which the authors test with a convenience sample of 137 individuals through partial least squares structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results of this study demonstrate the positive effects of brand reputation, brand differentiation, brand identification and brand commitment on donor-based brand equity.Practical implicationsThe novel proposed model will help NGO managers better understand the sources of brand equity from the donor's perspective and more efficiently manage their resources and activities to strengthen their NGO's brand equity.Originality/valueThis paper provides a novel, multidimensional NGO donor-based brand equity model that is oriented to the specific characteristics of NGOs; this orientation distinguishes it from previous NPOs and commercial brand equity models.
Liquid biopsy and glioblastoma

Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor. Despite a century of research efforts, the survival of patients has not significantly improved. Currently, diagnosis is based on neuroimaging techniques followed by histopathological and molecular analysis of resected or biopsied tissue. A recent paradigm shift in diagnostics ranks the molecular analysis of tissue samples as the new gold standard over classical histopathology, thus correlating better with the biological behavior of glioblastoma and clinical prediction, especially when a tumor lacks the typical hallmarks for glioblastoma. Liquid biopsy aims to detect and quantify tumor-derived content, such as nucleic acids (DNA/RNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), or extracellular vesicles (EVs) in biofluids, mainly blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or urine. Liquid biopsy has the potential to overcome the limitations of both neuroimaging and tissue-based methods to identify early recurrence and to differentiate tumor progression from pseudoprogression, without the risks of repeated surgical biopsies. This review highlights the origins and time-frame of liquid biopsy in glioblastoma and points to recent developments, limitations, and challenges of adding liquid biopsy to support the clinical management of glioblastoma patients.
Comparison of speaker recognition methods using statistical features and dynamic features

This paper describes results of speaker recognition experiments using statistical features and dynamic features of speech spectra extracted from fixed Japanese word utterances. The speech wave is transformed into a set of time functions of log area ratios and a fundamental frequency. In the case of statistical features, a mean value and a standard deviation for each time function and a correlation matrix between these functions are calculated in the voiced portion of each word, and after a feature selection procedure, they are compared with reference features. In the case of dynamic features, the time functions are brought into time registration with reference functions. The results of the experiments show that there is only a slight difference between the recognition accuracies for statistical features and dynamic features over the long term. Since the amount of calculation necessary for recognition using statistical features is only about one-tenth of that for recognition using dynamic features, it is more efficient to use statistical features than dynamic features. When training utterances are recorded over ten months for each customer and spectral equalization is applied, 99.5 percent and 96.3 percent verification accuracies can be obtained for input utterances ten months and five years later, respectively, using statistical features extracted from two words. Combination of dynamic features with statistical features can reduce the error rate to half that obtained with either one alone.
The impulse response of a focused source with an arbitrary axisymmetric surface velocity distribution

An analytical expression for the impulse response of a focused transducer with an axisymmetric nonuniform surface velocity distribution is derived using a finite polynomial expansion of the velocity distribution function. A computing scheme is presented for the numerical calculation of the transient pressure at an observation point in front of the transducer. The effect of various nonuniform velocity distributions on the characteristics of the pressure field of a medium focused transducer is shown with grey‐scale pictures of calculated continuous‐wave and pulsed pressure distributions.
Shock response of polycrystalline silicon carbide undergoing inelastic deformation

Longitudinal stress profiles have been measured in polycrystalline silicon carbide (SiC) shocked to peak stresses from 7.3 to 23 GPa. Dispersive wave fronts, consistent with the expected inelastic response, were observed beyond the previously reported Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) of 11.7 GPa. Detailed numerical analyses were carried out to interpret the observed inelastic response using both a strain‐hardening, plasticity model and a pressure‐dependent strength, stress relaxation model. Both models show good agreement with the data; the latter provides a better fit to the transient features in the measurements suggesting rate dependence in the material response. The computed Hugoniot curve matches all of the peak state data for two different types of SiC that display more than 20 % variation in HEL. This suggests that the measured HEL for SiC is not a proper indicator of the material strength in the shocked state. The results also show that the longitudinal data and analyses are insufficient to resolve is.
Family social capital in kindergarten: predicting third-grade learning and developmental outcomes for low-SES urban children

ABSTRACT Concentrated pockets of under-resourced neighbourhoods and schools exist in urban areas in which there are overwhelming numbers of children labelled ‘at-risk. ’ Structural equation modelling was used to predict the associations between family social capital in kindergarten and third-grade learning and development outcomes for low-socioeconomic children in urban areas. Data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Survey-Kindergarten Class of 2010–2011 were analyzed. Child outcomes included third-grade language/literacy, cognitive development/problem-solving, and approaches to learning. Findings indicate that family social capital has a significant longitudinal impact on children’s development and learning. Early factors influencing children’s later development and learning can inform intervention strategies, potentially moderating gaps in these areas between socioeconomic groups. Findings can be used to inform practice and policy for children and families.
Energy expenditure, dietary intake and energy availability in female professional football players

Objectives To quantify energy expenditure and intake in professional female footballers playing on a national and/or international level. Second, to determine the prevalence of low energy availability among these players, defined as <30 kcal/kg fat-free mass (FFM)/day. Methods Fifty-one players completed a 14-day prospective observational study during the 2021/2022 football season. Energy expenditure was determined using the doubly labelled water method. Energy intake was assessed using dietary recalls, while global positioning system determined the external physiological load. Descriptive statistics, stratification and the correlation between explainable variables and outcomes were conducted to quantify the energetic demands. Results The mean energy expenditure for all players (22±4 years) was 2918±322 kcal. Mean energy intake was 2274±450 kcal, resulting in a discrepancy of ~22%. Carbohydrate intake was below the recommended guidelines on match day at 4.5±1.9 g/kg. The mean energy availability was 36.7±17.7 kcal/kg FFM/day on matchday and 37.9±11.7 kcal/kg FFM/day on training days, resulting in a prevalence of 36% and 23% for low energy availability during the observational period, respectively. Conclusion These elite female football players displayed moderate energy expenditure levels and failed to meet the recommended levels of carbohydrate intake. In conjunction with inadequate nutritional periodisation, this will likely hamper performance through inadequate muscle glycogen resynthesis. In addition, we found a considerable prevalence of low energy availability on match and training days.
ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF GROUP IV SEMICONDUCTORS BY PSEUDOPOTENTIAL APPROACH

The higher-order perturbation theory based on pseudopotential approach is used to investigate few elastic and vibrational properties of Group IV semiconductors. The homogeneous deformation method is used to calculate elastic constants. To consider electron-ion interactions, our own proposed potential is employed to investigate such properties of Si, Ge and α-Sn. The potential contains only single parameter and its value is determined by fitting experimental value of bulk modulus. The calculated physical properties like elastic constants, pressure derivatives of the bulk modulus, pressure derivatives of elastic constants, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio etc., of Si, Ge and α-Sn are in good agreement with available experimental and other available theoretical results. The deviation of the present calculations using our potential with respect to experimental data is found to be less than 10% in most of the calculated physical properties. To consider the exchange and correlation effect, five different local-field correction functions are incorporated in the present investigations. From the present study, it can be observed that incorporation of local-field correction and the covalent-correction term are important in such type of investigations.
Electron Acceleration in a Nonlinear Shock Model with Applications to Supernova Remnants

We present Monte Carlo calculations of ion and electron spectra produced by Fermi acceleration in a steady state, plane, parallel, modified shock for Mach numbers of 170 and 43. The simulation assumes isotropic, elastic scattering in the local fluid frame, consistent with results from plasma simulations. The shock structure is calculated taking into account the back pressure of accelerated ions, and includes self-consistent pickup and acceleration of thermal ions.
Direct Basal‐Plane Shear in Single‐Crystal Graphite

The basal‐plane shear stress‐strain behavior of small, highly anisotropic‐annealed natural graphite single crystals was studied at room temperature. A static uniaxial‐shear stress was applied directly along the basal plane with a minimum of normal force, incorporating a technique to detect translations down to ∼40 A. Comparative measurements were also made on compression‐annealed pyrolytic graphite. The staticshear modulus G was also corroborated by a modified ultrasonic transit‐time method. Basal‐plane dislocation systems strongly reduce the measured G, where values of (0.013–0.14)×1011 dyn/cm2 were observed. This reduction is found to be caused primarily by a dislocation concentration of ∼2×106 cm−2. The average critical‐resolved shear stress σc was 0.29×106 dyn/cm2, and an analysis of the relation between σc and the critical breakaway stress for dislocation pinning shows that dislocation line segments l≃120–310 μ are operative. Plastic curvature of the stress‐strain curves shows the effect of very sens.
Thermal Equations of State for Titanium Obtained by High Pressure—Temperature Diffraction Studies

We have conducted in situ high-pressure diffraction experiments on titanium metal at pressures up to 8.2 GPa and temperatures up to 900 K. From the pressure (P)-volume (V)-temperature (T) measurements, thermoelastic parameters were derived for a titanium based on a modified high-T Birch-Murnaghan equation of state and a thermal pressure approach. With the pressure derivative of the bulk modulus, K0', fixed at 4.0, we obtained: ambient bulk modulus K0=114(3) GPa, temperature derivative of bulk modulus at constant pressure ({partial_derivative}K/{partial_derivative}T)P=-1.1(7)x10-2 GPaK-1 and at constant volume ({partial_derivative}K/{partial_derivative}T)V=-9.0x10-4 GPaK-1, volumetric thermal expansivity aT=a+bT with a=1.2({+-}0.6)x10-5 K-1 and b=2.5({+-}1.1)x10-8 K-2, and the pressure derivative of thermal expansion ({partial_derivative}a/{partial_derivative}P)T=-8.5x10-7 GPa-1K-1. The ambient bulk modulus and volumetric thermal expansion derived from this work are in good agreement with previous experimental results, whereas all other thermoelastic parameters represent the first determinations for the a phase of titanium. For the -phase Ti, we obtained K0=107(3) GPa and volumetric thermal expansivity at 8.1 GPa aT=a+bT with a=6.5({+-}3.5)x10-6 K-1 and b=2.8({+-}0.6)x10-8 K-2. Within the experimental uncertainties, the c/a ratios for a-Ti at both room and high temperatures remain constant over the experimental pressures up to 7.8 GPa, presenting a case against the isotropic force potential used in some theoretical modelingmore » for hcp metals under high pressures. « less
A Systematic Review of Lipid Management in Secondary Prevention and Comparison of International Lipid Management Pathways

Acute coronary syndrome remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality despite significant improvements in its prevention and management. Lipid management and other risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking and sedentary lifestyle stratification is the key to minimising this risk. Lipid management is an important part of secondary prevention and patients are historically undertreated after post-acute coronary syndrome. We performed a narrative review on observational studies on lipid management pathways post ACS on PubMed, Google Scholar, Journal Storage and ScienceDirect and excluded case reports, case series and randomized controlled trials. Our review showed that most patients following acute coronary syndrome receive suboptimal treatment for hypercholesterolemia. The role of statin in reducing future cardiac events risk is undisputable, however, statin intolerance remains a major concern. There is substantial variation in the management of lipids in patients following an acute cardiac event and patients were followed up in primary care in some countries and secondary care in others. The mortality risk is significantly high in patients with second or recurrent cardiac events and future cardiac events are associated with higher morbidity and mortality risk. There is significant variation in lipid management pathways in patients who suffer from cardiac events across the globe and lipid therapy optimization remains suboptimal in these patients, putting them at future risk of cardiovascular events. It is therefore imperative to optimally manage dyslipidemia in these patients in order to minimize the risk of subsequent cardiac events. Cardiac rehabilitation programs might be a way forward to incorporate lipid management for patients discharged from the hospital after having acute coronary events for lipid therapy optimization.
LA (-5)-DEMI-RECONSTRUCTIBILITÉDES RELATIONS BINAIRES CONNEXES FINIES

Etant donnee une relation binaire R, de base E, on definit sa duale R∗ par R∗(x, y) = R(y, x). La relation R est dite auto-duale si elle est isomorphe a R∗. Une relation binaire R0 est hemimorphe a R, si elle est isomorphe a R ou a R∗. Une relation binaire est d-demireconstructible, si elle est determinee par la donnee de ses restrictions de cardinal d, a l’hemimorphie pres. Dans ce papier, nous montrons que : Les relations binaires connexes finies de cardinal n ≥ 12 sont (n − 5)-demi-reconstructibles. Given a binary relation R of basis E, we define its dual R∗ by R∗(x, y) = R(y, x). A relation R is self-dual if it is isomorphic to R∗. A binary relation R0 is hemimorphic to R, if it is isomorphic to R or to R∗. A binary relation R is d-half-reconstructible if it is determined by its restrictions of cardinality d, up to hemimorphism. In this paper we obtain : The finite connected binary relations of cardinality n ≥ 12 are (n − 5)-half -reconstructible.
Poisson was not a geophysicist

The purpose of this Round Table essay is to argue that Poisson’s ratio is not relevant to any problem in seismology, and that we should clear our minds of it, and of the confusion that it entrains. The reason for its irrelevance is that Poisson’s ratio is defined in terms of an experiment (axial compression or tension of a thin bar) which is not relevant to wave propagation (although it may be a common situation in engineering mechanics). I then extend the argument (with less certitude) to argue that Poisson’s ratio is not useful anywhere in exploration geophysics.
Relationship between accuracy and number of velocity particles of the finite-difference lattice Boltzmann method in velocity slip simulations

Relationship between accuracy and number of velocity particles in velocity slip phenomena was investigated by numerical simulations and theoretical considerations. Two types of 2D models were used: the octagon family and the D2Q9 model. Models have to possess the following four prerequisites to accurately simulate the velocity slip phenomena: (a) equivalency to the Navier-Stokes equations in the N-S flow area, (b) conservation of momentum flow P xy in the whole area, (c) appropriate relaxation process in the Knudsen layer, and (d) capability to properly express the mass and momentum flows on the wall. Both the octagon family and the D2Q9 model satisfy conditions (a) and (b). However, models with fewer velocity particles do not sufficiently satisfy conditions (c) and (d). The D2Q9 model fails to represent a relaxation process in the Knudsen layer and shows a considerable fluctuation in the velocity slip due to the model's angle to the wall. To perform an accurate velocity slip simulation, models with sufficient velocity particles, such as the triple octagon model with moving particles of 24 directions, are desirable.
Transformed Plasmablastic Lymphoma Presenting With Marked Lymphocytosis and Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

The clinicopathology entity of plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), despite broad recognition by the World Health Organization (WHO), represents a diagnostic challenge due to its overlapping features and scarce occurrence. Often, PBL arises in immunodeficient, elderly male patients, most notably those who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive. More infrequent, cases of transformed PBL (tPBL) evolved from another hematologic disease have been identified. Herein, we describe a case of a 65-year-old male transferred from a neighboring hospital with pronounced lymphocytosis and spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome (sTLS) presumed to be chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Utilizing a complete clinical, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular evaluation, we arrived at a final diagnosis of tPBL with sTLS, suspected to have evolved from the NF-κB/NOTCH/KLF2 (NNK) genetic cluster of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) (NNK-SMZL), a potential transformation and presentation, to our knowledge, not previously reported. However, definitive clonality testing was not performed. In this report, we also outline the diagnostic and educational considerations we faced in discerning tPBL from other more common B-cell malignancies which can present similarly, such as CLL, mantle cell lymphoma, or plasmablastic myeloma. We summarize recently reported molecular, prognostic, and therapeutic considerations for the treatment and recognition of PBL, including the successful implementation, in our patient, of bortezomib to an EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin) regimen with prophylactic intrathecal methotrexate, who has since achieved complete remission (CR) and entered clinical surveillance. Lastly, this report briefly highlights the challenge we faced in this area of hematologic typification that necessitates additional review and discussion by the WHO: tPBL with potential double-hit cytogenetic versus double-hit lymphoma with a plasmablastic phenotype.
Developing a Memory and Communication App for Persons Living With Dementia: An 8-Step Process

According to the 2022 Alzheimer’s Association Facts and Figures, more than 6 million Americans have Alzheimer disease and related dementias. They are cared for by millions of family members, friends, or other unpaid caregivers. Communication deficits are common among persons with Alzheimer disease and related dementias and pose challenges to caregiving and clinical care, which is already complex. An interdisciplinary team developed a mobile app prototype to improve communications between people living with dementia and their caregivers and providers and to promote person-centered care. This viewpoint paper provides a road map for how the interdisciplinary team worked together to develop and plan for the implementation and evaluation of a new evidence-based app. In our paper, we provide an 8-step process used by a team of clinicians, researchers, and software engineers to develop a new app to meet the needs of people living with dementia and their caregiver(s). The planned clinical trial has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04571502; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04571502). International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.3928/19404921-20210825-02
Benchmarking of different reconstruction algorithms for industrial cone-beam CT

In the field of industrial computed tomography, there have been a lot of interests in different reconstruction algorithms which could perform better than the standard FDK algorithm in non-ideal conditions leading to faster CT acquisitions. However, the computation efforts required by iterative algorithms are quite high, which makes them less practical in industrial environments. In this work, we propose a benchmark of the performances of various reconstruction algorithms using Tomographic Iterative GPU-based Reconstruction (TIGRE) toolbox; the benchmarking criteria used include both image quality metrics and taskoriented post-reconstruction results (measurements, porosity, etc.). Furthermore, we have also tested their performances with limited projections and limited angular range to facilitate faster CT acquisitions. The preliminary results indicate several improvements in the reconstructions (better feature definitions) with one of the iterative algorithms (CGLS: conjugate gradient least squares) as compared to FDK.