Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Review on Performance Comparison of Artificial Intelligence Techniques Used for Intrusion Detection

In the current era of Internet, network security technology has become crucial in protecting the computing infrastructure on the network. The number of network attacks has risen, leading to the essentials of network intrusion detection systems (IDS) to secure the network. Optimizing the performance of IDS becomes an important open problem which receives more and more attention from the research community. In this work, implementation of Artificial intelligence based techniques in IDS is popular in the research community. The network traffic can be classified into normal and anomalous in order to detect intrusions. There are several classification techniques available to detect the attacks. Researchers compare these techniques and try to identify the best techniques for the different attack category. This paper presents a review on comparison of these techniques.
A sequential methodology that allows apoptotic cell sorting and FISH analysis in human testicular cells

The objective of this study was to develop a methodology that permits the detection and separation of apoptotic cells in human testicular tissue and their subsequent cytogenetic analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The sequential methodology consisted of five steps: 1) enzymatic disaggregation of testicular tissue, 2) specific staining of apoptotic cells, 3) cell sorting by flow cytometry, 4) cell fixation, and 5) FISH. Enzymatic disaggregation yielded cell counts that ranged from 1.7x105 to 5x106 cells, and viability values greater than 72%. The apoptotic (mean ± SD: 22% ± 5.3%) and viable (45.5% ± 7.3%) populations were identified and selected by flow cytometry and demonstrated purity values ranging between 62% and 100%. The paraformaldehyde fixation of the selected fractions resulted in cell loss values of less than 10%. The application of three treatments before FISH (membrane permeabilization, elimination of cytoplasmic components, and re-fixation of the sample) resulted in hybridization frequencies of greater than 98%. In both selected fractions, cells of all spermatogenic stages and Sertoli cells were identified. The methodology developed has enabled the preparation of a cellular suspension with optimal viability and counting, the efficient selection of the apoptotic population, and its analysis by cytogenetic techniques. The application of this methodology in testicular cells should help establish whether there is a direct relationship between chromosome anomalies and apoptosis.
The Solution Structure and Dynamics of the Pleckstrin Homology Domain of G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase 2 (β-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase 1)

The solution structure of an extended pleckstrin homology (PH) domain from the β-adrenergic receptor kinase is obtained by high resolution NMR. The structure establishes that the β-adrenergic receptor kinase extended PH domain has the same fold and topology as other PH domains, and there are several unique features, most notably an extended C-terminal α-helix that behaves as a molten helix, and a surface charge polarity that is extensively modified by positive residues in the extended α-helix and the C terminus. These observations complement biochemical evidence that the C-terminal portion of this PH domain participates in protein-protein interactions with Gβγ subunits. This suggests that the C-terminal segment of the PH domain may function to mediate protein-protein interactions with the targets of PH domains.
EFSPredictor: Predicting Configuration Bugs with Ensemble Feature Selection

The configuration of a system determines the system behavior and wrong configuration settings can adversely impact system's availability, performance, and correctness. We refer to these wrong configuration settings as configuration bugs. The importance of configuration bugs has prompted many researchers to study it, and past studies can be grouped into three categories: detection, localization, and fixing of configuration bugs. In the work, we focus on the detection of configuration bugs, in particular, we follow the line-of-work that tries to predict if a bug report is caused by a wrong configuration setting. Automatically prediction of whether a bug is a configuration bug can help developers reduce debugging effort. We propose a novel approach named EFSPredictor which applies ensemble feature selection on the natural-language description of a bug report. It uses different feature selection approaches (e.g., ChiSquare, GainRatio and Relief) which output different ranked lists of textual features. Next, to obtain a set of representative textual features, EFSPredictor first assigns different scores to the features outputted by these feature selection approaches. Next, for each feature, EFSPredictor sums up the scores outputted by the multiple ranked lists, and outputs the top features (e.g., 25% of the total number of features) as the selected features. Finally, EFSPredictor builds a prediction model based on the selected features. We conduct experiments on 5 bug report datasets (i.e., accumulo, activemq, camel, flume, and wicket) containing a total of 3,203 bugs. The experiment results show that, on average across the 5 projects, EFSPredictor achieves an F1-score to 0.57, which improves the state-of-the-art approach proposed by Xia et al. by 14%.
Sulfide stress cracking of nickel-containing low-alloy steels

Abstract Low-alloy steels (LAS) are extensively used in oil and gas (O&G) production due to their good mechanical properties and low cost. Even though nickel improves mechanical properties and hardenability with low penalty on weldability, which is critical for large subsea components, nickel content cannot exceed 1-wt% when used in sour service applications. The ISO 15156-2 standard limits the nickel content in LAS on the assumption that nickel concentrations above 1-wt% negatively impact sulfide stress cracking (SSC) resistance. This restriction excludes a significant number of high-strength and high-toughness alloys, such as Ni-Cr-Mo (e.g., UNS G43200 and G43400), Ni-Mo (e.g., UNS G46200), and Ni-Cr-Mo-V grades, from sour service applications and can be used only if successfully qualified. However, the standard is based on controversial research conducted more than 40 years ago. Since then, researchers have suggested that it is the microstructure that determines SSC resistance, regardless of Ni content. This review summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of nickel-containing LAS in terms of strength, weldability, hardenability, potential weight savings, and cost reduction. Likewise, the state of knowledge on the effect of nickel on hydrogen absorption as well as SSC initiation and propagation kinetics is critically reviewed.
A New Group-based Secret Function Sharing with Variate Threshold

Secret sharing is a cryptographic scheme that divides a secret key s to n participants with threshold t. Thus, assuring that no less than t shares can reconstruct the secret. The application of secret sharing also widens not only one group but several hierarchical structure. However, the group-based secret sharing proposed by Liu et al. in 2014 has some drawbacks, which are having an equal threshold for each group and also reconstruct only partial secret when the present groups are less. In this paper, we attempt to apply a group-based hierarchical structure in secret sharing by applying derivation. The proposed scheme is the first approach of combining a hierarchical structure and a group-based secret sharing. The proposed scheme shows a better security than Liu et al. considering the structure of the group. Also, it has variated threshold in each group, which is possible for giving less threshold for high-level participants and more threshold for low-level participants. Keywords—Secret Sharing, Group Access Control, Hierarchical, Variate Threshold Track—Cryptographic Technologies, Secret Sharing.
(Better than) State-of-the-Art PoS-tagging for Italian Texts

English. This paper describes an extended version of the KoKo corpus (version KoKo4, Dec 2015), a corpus of written German L1 learner texts from three different German-speaking regions in three different countries. The KoKo corpus is richly annotated with learner language features on different linguistic levels such as errors or other linguistic characteristics that are not deficit-oriented, and is enriched with a wide range of metadata. This paper complements a previous publication (Abel et al., 2014a) and reports on new textual metadata and lexical annotations and on the methods adopted for their manual annotation and linguistic analyses. It also briefly introduces some linguistic findings that have been derived from the corpus. Italiano. Il contributo descrive una versione estesa del corpus KoKo (versione KoKo4, Dic 2015), corpus che raccoglie produzioni scritte di apprendenti di tedesco L1, provenienti da tre distinte regioni germanofone, a loro volta situate in tre diversi paesi. Il corpus KoKo è annotato dettagliatamente su differenti livelli linguistici rilevanti, quali gli errori o altre caratteristiche linguistiche non direttamente ricollegabili a deficit individuali, ed arricchito da un’ampia gamma di metadati. Questo contributo integra una precedente pubblicazione (Abel et al., 2014a) è informa sui nuovi metadati testuali e sulle nuove annotazioni lessicali cosi come sui metodi adottati per la loro annotazione manuale e per le loro analisi linguistiche. Inoltre presenta brevemente alcuni risultati ricavati dal corpus.
Effects of chronic administration of the amphetamines and other stimulants on behavior

After a brief survey of effects in man, the authors review behavioral studies in animals on the effects of chronic administration of dl‐amphetamine, d‐amphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, pipradrol, methylphenidate, phenmetrazine, and caffeine. The areas covered include: food and water intake, general behavior, self‐administration of drugs, activity, fatigue, and performance of learned responses. The review is primarily concerned with changes in various parameters of behavior which develop during the course of chronic drug administration. These changes include both increases and decreases in the magnitude of response, reversal of effects, and the appearance of new patterns of behavior. The effects observed after cessation of chronic drug administration are discussed with reference to withdrawal symptoms and to persistent effects which are revealed by observation of general behavior and by tests of activity, performance, learning ability, and response to various drugs. Areas in which further research is needed are mentioned throughout the review. Emphasis is placed on the need for more comparative studies on the amphetamines, as the available data suggest that, under conditions of chronic administration, the effects of methamphetamine differ significantly from the effects of dl‐ and d‐amphetamine.
Roles Represent

In building process models based on objects, we identify a gap between object capabilities and the process world. To overcome this problem, a level of abstraction , role, above the object level, similar to pattern structure, has been deened. We have represented roles in diierent levels of abstraction containing CRC cards, for-malised CRC (CRC plus path expressions), Petri nets, and encapsulated structures to provide a pattern representation of roles. Since it is important to understand a pattern before reusing it, a representation method to encapsulate a solution for a pattern based on roles which rely on cooperative objects is suggested. An approach to reene the representations also helps to specify the exact semantics of such representations.
The Security of Confidential Numerical Data in Databases

Organizations are storing large amounts of data in databases for data mining and other types of analysis. Some of this data is considered confidential and has to be protected from disclosure. When access to individual values of confidential numerical data in the database is prevented, disclosure may occur when a snooper uses linear models to predict individual values of confidential attributes using nonconfidential numerical and categorical attributes. Hence, it is important for the database administrator to have the ability to evaluate security for snoopers using linear models. In this study we provide a methodology based on Canonical Correlation Analysis that is both appropriate and adequate for evaluating security. The methodology can also be used to evaluate the security provided by different security mechanisms such as query restrictions and data perturbation. In situations where the level of security is inadequate, the methodology provided in this study can also be used to select appropriate inference control mechanisms. The application of the methodology is illustrated using a simulated database.
Integrating qualitative methods into occupational health research: a study of women flight attendants

Aims: To identify possible work related sources of psychosocial stress in order to develop pertinent questionnaire items for a cross-sectional health survey of 3000 Italian women flight attendants, and to solicit suggestions on improving survey participation. Methods: Qualitative study in which 26 current and former women flight attendants participated: three focus groups of 6–7 participants each and six in-depth individual interviews. The session themes included positive and negative aspects of the job; relationships with colleagues, superiors, and passengers; perception of occupational risk for serious diseases; compatibility of work and family; and experiences of work related sources of stress and their effect on health. A transcript based analysis of the focus groups and interviews was used to identify emerging themes related to risk factors for mental health problems. Results: The participants indicated that mental health was a major concern. Several work related risk factors possibly related to adverse outcomes, such as depression and anxiety, were highlighted. These included isolation and solitude, fears of being inadequate partners and mothers due to job demands, passenger relationships, and lack of protection by employers with respect to workplace exposures and violent passengers. The information gained was used to develop a mental health module for inclusion in the health survey questionnaire which included questions on history of severe depression or anxiety, suicidal ideation or attempt, substance abuse, workplace sexual harassment, social support, leisure time activities, relationship with a partner, and role as mother. Conclusions: Employing qualitative methods to identify work related sources of psychosocial stress enabled development of pertinent questionnaire items for a cross-sectional epidemiological study of women flight attendants. Follow up qualitative research may be necessary in order to put the cross-sectional study findings into context and to explore actions or strategies for preventing work related health problems evidenced from the survey.
High prevalence of fibromyalgia-associated symptoms in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disorders.

OBJECTIVES Various complaints of patients with fibromyalgia often resemble clinical features observed in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients with hypothalamic-pituitary diseases are at increased risk for fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). METHODS A questionnaire for evaluating fibromyalgia-associated symptoms was sent to 121 patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disorders (HPD) (60 women, 61 men; mean age, 55.4 years; range, 21-83 years) of the endocrine outpatient clinic. 115 patients (57 women, 58 men; mean age 56.9 years; range, 21 to 82 years) with cardiovascular diseases (CD) served as controls. RESULTS Fibromyalgia-associated symptoms regarding muscular complaints were significantly more frequent in the HPD group than in CD patients (53.7 % vs. 35.7%, p= 0.003). In particular, we found a significant higher prevalence of autonomic symptoms in the HPD group as compared to the CD group regarding several qualities (cold hands, p=0.039; flatulence, p=0.022; tiredness, p=0.017). In addition, swollen and painful finger joints were reported more often in the HPD group than in the CD group (p=0.002). Of note, no differences regarding any fibromyalgia-associated symptom were detected when patients with hypothalamic-pituitary hormone excess syndromes were compared to those with a pituitary pathology without hormonal excess. Similarly, prevalence of fibromyalgia-associated symptoms was not related to the treatment modality of pituitary disease; i.e. surgical vs. conservative or any hormonal replacement therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disorders may be at increased risk of developing fibromyalgia-associated symptoms.
Properties of the Mutant Ser-460-Cys Implicate This Site in a Functionally Important Region of the Type Iia Na+/Pi Cotransporter Protein

The substituted cysteine accessibility approach, combined with chemical modification using membrane-impermeant alkylating reagents, was used to identify functionally important structural elements of the rat type IIa Na+/Pi cotransporter protein. Single point mutants with different amino acids replaced by cysteines were made and the constructs expressed in Xenopus oocytes were tested for function by electrophysiology. Of the 15 mutants with substituted cysteines located at or near predicted membrane-spanning domains and associated linker regions, 6 displayed measurable transport function comparable to wild-type (WT) protein. Transport function of oocytes expressing WT protein was unchanged after exposure to the alkylating reagent 2-aminoethyl methanethiosulfonate hydrobromide (MTSEA, 100 μM), which indicated that native cysteines were inaccessible. However, for one of the mutants (S460C) that showed kinetic properties comparable with the WT, alkylation led to a complete suppression of Pi transport. Alkylation in 100 mM Na+ by either cationic {[2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl] methanethiosulfonate bromide (MTSET), MTSEA} or anionic [sodium(2-sulfonatoethyl)methanethiosulfonate (MTSES)] reagents suppressed the Pi response equally well, whereas exposure to methanethiosulfonate (MTS) reagents in 0 mM Na+ resulted in protection from the MTS effect at depolarized potentials. This indicated that accessibility to site 460 was dependent on the conformational state of the empty carrier. The slippage current remained after alkylation. Moreover, after alkylation, phosphonoformic acid and saturating Pi suppressed the slippage current equally, which indicated that Pi binding could occur without cotransport. Pre–steady state relaxations were partially suppressed and their kinetics were significantly faster after alkylation; nevertheless, the remaining charge movement was Na+ dependent, consistent with an intact slippage pathway. Based on an alternating access model for type IIa Na+/Pi cotransport, these results suggest that site 460 is located in a region involved in conformational changes of the empty carrier.
Forensic investigation and analysis on digital evidence discovery through physical acquisition on smartphone

Cybercriminals are changing their strategies as users are less concerns on the smartphone and social networks security risks such as spams, that will threaten them as they are more dependent on the smartphone [1]. Thus, there's a need to perform the smartphone forensics analysis to retrieve and analysed the potentially great amounts and extremely valuable information on these devices. This paper investigates a wealth of personal and sensitive data by types of digital information as evidence and conducted forensic analysis on a popular smartphone Samsung Galaxy Note III. The standard approach applied to extract information from smartphone through physical acquisition and analysis using Cellebrite UFED. The results are presented to demonstrate the smartphone as a goldmine for investigators and as sources of digital evidence. Furthermore this research also presents the forensic tool and techniques for acquiring and examining digital evidence on this device. The evidence discovered include files, contacts, events of smartphone and social network data storage and location. The smartphone examined produced abundant user information and in total 98,127 artefacts were recovered. Performing the extraction and analysis of digital evidence over smartphone activities show the possibility of identifying potential suspects that could assist the forensic investigators in crime investigations.
Freedom and Constraints in the K3 Landscape

We consider "magnetized brane" compactifications of the type I/heterotic string on K3 with U(1) background fluxes. The nonabelian gauge group and matter content of the resulting six-dimensional vacua are parameterized by a matrix encoding a lattice contained within the even, self-dual lattice 3,19 . Mathematical results of Nikulin on lattice embeddings make possible a simple classification of such solutions. This approach makes it possible to explicitly and efficiently construct models in this class with a particular allowed gauge group and matter content, so that one can immediately "dial-a-model" with desired properties.
Performance evaluation of downlink beamforming over non-stationary channels with interference

Interference is one of the major bottlenecks in current cellular networks. A realistic evaluation of the achievable performance in interference-limited systems based on measured channels is thus necessary; however, only few results are known from literature. We evaluate the achievable performance in a cellular network with inter-cell interference based on measured channels in an urban macrocell scenario at 2.53 GHz. To this end, the mutual information is introduced as an appropriate performance measure over fast and slow fading channels that are non-stationary but doubly underspread. We discuss appropriate channel normalizations and the limitations of an evaluation based on sequential measurements. Moreover, we analyze the accuracy of an approximate but commonly used evaluation of the mutual information. A second-order multivariate Taylor series expansion reveals the signal and interference contributions to the approximation error. We find that the approximation is accurate in realistic ICI scenarios.
Hypothesis: A Role for Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein in Mediating and Relieving MicroRNA-Guided Translational Repression?

MicroRNA (miRNA)-guided messenger RNA (mRNA) translational repression is believed to be mediated by effector miRNA-containing ribonucleoprotein (miRNP) complexes harboring fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Recent studies documented the nucleic acid chaperone properties of FMRP and characterized its role and importance in RNA silencing in mammalian cells. We propose a model in which FMRP could facilitate miRNA assembly on target mRNAs in a process involving recognition of G quartet structures. Functioning within a duplex miRNP, FMRP may also mediate mRNA targeting through a strand exchange mechanism, in which the miRNA* of the duplex is swapped for the mRNA. Furthermore, FMRP may contribute to the relief of miRNA-guided mRNA repression through a reverse strand exchange reaction, possibly initiated by a specific cellular signal, that would liberate the mRNA for translation. Suboptimal utilization of miRNAs may thus account for some of the molecular defects in patients with the fragile X syndrome.