Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kolmogorov Complexity and Chaotic

Born about three decades ago, Kolmogorov Complexity Theory (KC) led to important discoveries that, in particular, give a new understanding of the fundamental problem: interrelations between classical continuum mathematics and reality (physics, biology, engineering sciences,. . .). Speciically, in addition to the equations, physicists use the following additional diicult-to-formalize property: that the initial conditions and the value of the parameters must not be abnormal. We will describe a natural formalization of this property, and show that this for-malization in good accordance with theoretical physics. At present, this formalization has been mainly applied to the foundations of physics. However, potentially, more practical engineering applications are possible.
Portability and Embedded Web Services for Sensor Networks

In this paper, we describe various tradeoffs associated in the design of a portability layer for a diverse set of operating systems and a diverse set of hardware. We also describe our design and implementation of web services for sensor network data. We have partially implemented our work on the mPlatform sensor platform, generated data, and sent it over the serial port to a mobile client. We have also implemented a web service that can receive the data from the client over the Internet and generate and process the results.
Antisense oligonucleotides targeting c-fos mRNA inhibit rheumatoid synovial fibroblast proliferation

OBJECTIVE To determine whether antisense oligonucleotides targeting c-fos mRNA have the ability to inhibit the growth of interleukin 1 (IL1) stimulated fibroblast-like cells from the synovium in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Fibroblast-like cells established from RA synovium were stimulated by IL1 with antisense or sense oligonucleotides complementary to c-fos mRNA, and the proliferation of these cells was determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation. Effect of antisense oligonucleotides on expression of activator protein 1 (AP1) activity was evaluated using electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS C-fos antisense oligonucleotides inhibited IL1 stimulated synovial fibroblast proliferation. The expression of AP1 activity induced by IL1 was suppressed by treatment with antisense oligonucleotides. CONCLUSION These results suggest the feasibility of antisense strategies designed to suppress c-fos expression as therapeutic agents for RA.
Genome Erosion in a Nitrogen-Fixing Vertically Transmitted Endosymbiotic Multicellular Cyanobacterium

Background An ancient cyanobacterial incorporation into a eukaryotic organism led to the evolution of plastids (chloroplasts) and subsequently to the origin of the plant kingdom. The underlying mechanism and the identities of the partners in this monophyletic event remain elusive. Methodology/Principal Findings To shed light on this evolutionary process, we sequenced the genome of a cyanobacterium residing extracellularly in an endosymbiosis with a plant, the water-fern Azolla filiculoides Lam. This symbiosis was selected as it has characters which make it unique among extant cyanobacterial plant symbioses: the cyanobacterium lacks autonomous growth and is vertically transmitted between plant generations. Our results reveal features of evolutionary significance. The genome is in an eroding state, evidenced by a large proportion of pseudogenes (31.2%) and a high frequency of transposable elements (∼600) scattered throughout the genome. Pseudogenization is found in genes such as the replication initiator dnaA and DNA repair genes, considered essential to free-living cyanobacteria. For some functional categories of genes pseudogenes are more prevalent than functional genes. Loss of function is apparent even within the ‘core’ gene categories of bacteria, such as genes involved in glycolysis and nutrient uptake. In contrast, serving as a critical source of nitrogen for the host, genes related to metabolic processes such as cell differentiation and nitrogen-fixation are well preserved. Conclusions/Significance This is the first finding of genome degradation in a plant symbiont and phenotypically complex cyanobacterium and one of only a few extracellular endosymbionts described showing signs of reductive genome evolution. Our findings suggest an ongoing selective streamlining of this cyanobacterial genome which has resulted in an organism devoted to nitrogen fixation and devoid of autonomous growth. The cyanobacterial symbiont of Azolla can thus be considered at the initial phase of a transition from free-living organism to a nitrogen-fixing plant entity, a transition process which may mimic what drove the evolution of chloroplasts from a cyanobacterial ancestor.
Blue noise sampling with a PBF-based method

Inspired by the constant density constraints in position-based fluids (PBF), we propose a novel blue noise sampling algorithm. We formulate and solve a set of sampling points' positional constraints to enforce constant density, which is similar to the PBF. Points converge to distribute evenly and stochastically in space. Fourier spectral analysis of the converged points' distribution shows that it has great blue noise spectrum. By adjusting a single parameter, our method can generate blue noise samplings from Capacity Constrained Voronoi Tessellations (CCVT) to Lloyd's relaxation, and it can also trade off the noise and aliasing of samplings. We utilize the grid-based signed distance field to represent sampling regions, which makes our method fit for general dimensions. Varying the gird size can adjust the number of points. We put points at sampling boundary to solve the points deficiency. Adaptive sampling is achieved with a sampling density function. Experimental results show our method is efficient, stable and controllable in both two-dimensional (2D) plane sampling, and adaptive sampling. Moreover, it is suitable for image stippling.
Task scheduling and voltage selection for energy minimization

In this paper, we present a two-phase framework that integrates task assignment, ordering and voltage selection (VS) together to minimize energy consumption of real-time dependent tasks executing on a given number of variable voltage processors. Task assignment and ordering in the first phase strive to maximize the opportunities that can be exploited for lowering voltage levels during the second phase, i.e., voltage selection. In the second phase, we formulate the VS problem as an Integer Programming (IP) problem and solve the IP efficiently. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework is very effective in executing tasks at lower voltage levels under different system configurations.
Automatic Modulation Classification for MIMO Systems Using Fourth-Order Cumulants

Automatic classification of the modulation type of an unknown communication signal is a challenging task, with applications in both commercial and military contexts, such as spectrum surveillance, cognitive radio, and electronic warfare systems. Most of the automatic modulation classification (AMC) algorithms found in the literature assume that the signal of interest has been transmitted using a single antenna. In this paper, a novel AMC algorithm for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) signals is proposed, which employs fourth-order cumulants as features for classification. First, perfect channel state information (CSI) is assumed. Subsequently, a case of more practical relevance is considered, where the channel matrix is unknown and has to be estimated blindly by employing independent component analysis (ICA). The performance of the proposed classification algorithm is investigated through simulations and compared with an average likelihood ratio test (ALRT) which can be considered as optimum in the Bayesian sense, but has a very high computational complexity.
Global indexing scheme for location-dependent queries in multi channels mobile broadcast environment

Broadcast indexing is necessary to be applied in a wireless broadcast environment as such the scheme helps mobile clients to find the desired data instances efficiently. This is particularly important considering the inherent limitations in mobile environment. In this paper, we present a global indexing scheme for location dependent queries. The proposed scheme is designed to serve queries in which the query result is relevant to client's location. Global indexing scheme aims to minimise index access time while having all the advantages of index broadcasting. We develop a simulation model to find out the access time performance of global indexing scheme as compared to non-global indexing scheme. Additionally, we analyse the efficiency of valid scope used in the global index scheme as compared with an existing valid scope. It is found that global index performs substantially better than the existing indexing concept.
A Comparative Analysis of Eurasian Folksong Corpora, using Self Organising Maps

Background in artificial intelligence research. The idea of analysis of large folksong corpora using mathematical tools and computer goes back to the 60’s, but the intensive research started in the 90’s, when a large scale of self-learning algorithms has been applied in music research. The application of artificial intelligence research and data mining in musicology allows us to discover hidden regularities of music and understand certain functions of human cognition. Background in ethnomusicology. To study interethnic and historical relations, Bartok and Kodaly compared different layers of Hungarian folk music to those of other nations living in the neighborhood of Hungarians. Later, they extended the study on Anatolian, Mari and Chuvash folk music. The fascinating results of these latter comparisons lead to the conclusion that folk music can preserve very old common musical structures, and may refer to early cultural contacts. Aims. We report on a comparative analysis of 16 folksong corpora representing different folk music traditions in Eurasia. Our aim is to reveal some hidden musical relations between different cultures and areas of the continent. Main contribution. We applied self organizing mapping for automatic classification of melody contours of 16 European and Asian folksong corpora. We characterized the strength of the contacts between musical cultures by a probability density function. We show that the relationships identify an “Eastern” and a “Western” sub-system that are associated due to the close relations between the Finnish and Irish-Scottish-English musical cultures to the Carpathian Basin. We also show that “Eastern” cultures define a very clear overlap of melody types, functioning as a common crystallization point of musical evolution. Implications. The results show that computer-aided music analysis can reveal a complete system of cross-cultural relations, and may detect early historical contacts.
Polyinstantiation in Relational Databases with Multilevel Security

Polyinstantiation provides the ability to create more versions of single information. It is used to prevent inference attacks. This paper explains the use of polyinstantiation in relational databases with multilevel security for implementing e.g. cover stories. It describes common methods of access controls in relational databases and describes multilevel relational databases. This paper also shows how polyinstantiation can be implemented and what types of architecture support it.
ACFIS: a web server for fragment-based drug discovery

In order to foster innovation and improve the effectiveness of drug discovery, there is a considerable interest in exploring unknown ‘chemical space’ to identify new bioactive compounds with novel and diverse scaffolds. Hence, fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) was developed rapidly due to its advanced expansive search for ‘chemical space’, which can lead to a higher hit rate and ligand efficiency (LE). However, computational screening of fragments is always hampered by the promiscuous binding model. In this study, we developed a new web server Auto Core Fragment in silico Screening (ACFIS). It includes three computational modules, PARA_GEN, CORE_GEN and CAND_GEN. ACFIS can generate core fragment structure from the active molecule using fragment deconstruction analysis and perform in silico screening by growing fragments to the junction of core fragment structure. An integrated energy calculation rapidly identifies which fragments fit the binding site of a protein. We constructed a simple interface to enable users to view top-ranking molecules in 2D and the binding mode in 3D for further experimental exploration. This makes the ACFIS a highly valuable tool for drug discovery. The ACFIS web server is free and open to all users at http://chemyang.ccnu. edu.cn/ccb/server/ACFIS/.
Impaired High-Density Lipoprotein Anti-Oxidant Function Predicts Poor Outcome in Critically Ill Patients

Introduction Oxidative stress affects clinical outcome in critically ill patients. Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles generally possess anti-oxidant capacities, deleterious properties of HDL have been described in acutely ill patients. The impact of anti-oxidant HDL capacities on clinical outcome in critically ill patients is unknown. We therefore analyzed the predictive value of anti-oxidant HDL function on mortality in an unselected cohort of critically ill patients. Method We prospectively enrolled 270 consecutive patients admitted to a university-affiliated intensive care unit (ICU) and determined anti-oxidant HDL function using the HDL oxidant index (HOI). Based on their HOI, the study population was stratified into patients with impaired anti-oxidant HDL function and the residual study population. Results During a median follow-up time of 9.8 years (IQR: 9.2 to 10.0), 69% of patients died. Cox regression analysis revealed a significant and independent association between impaired anti-oxidant HDL function and short-term mortality with an adjusted HR of 1.65 (95% CI 1.22–2.24; p = 0.001) as well as 10-year mortality with an adj. HR of 1.19 (95% CI 1.02–1.40; p = 0.032) when compared to the residual study population. Anti-oxidant HDL function correlated with the amount of oxidative stress as determined by Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (r = 0.38; p<0.001). Conclusion Impaired anti-oxidant HDL function represents a strong and independent predictor of 30-day mortality as well as long-term mortality in critically ill patients.
ProEthica: Advancing Teacher Candidate Ethics Assessment from Theory to Practice in Christian Contexts

In recent decades, accreditation standards have required teacher education programs to establish and implement dispositions that define and assess affective beliefs and values integrated within the teacher preparation process. The 2015 publication of the National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification (NASDTEC) Model Code of Ethics for Educators sought to unify the application and assessment of dispositions relating to integrity and social responsibility through a national referendum. In response, Educational Testing Service (ETS) developed an online program, ProEthica, to challenge individual teacher candidates and school leaders to explore potential-risk scenarios in an effort to produce self-reflection regarding legal ramifications when making schoolbased ethical decisions. ProEthica is currently being embraced as a licensure component by some state departments of education. Researchers conducted a pilot program, integrating ProEthica as a component in a graduate and an undergraduate foundations class in the spring of 2017, to assess the value of using ProEthica as a practical extenuation of its dispositions. Analysis of the data found ProEthica principles and indicators for leadership and for pre-service candidates—though written from secular ethical and moral perspectives—to be aligned with the Christian university’s worldview and dispositional values and beliefs. The use of ProEthica offers the Christian university an evaluation tool that does not compromise but rather augments its biblical identity, while enabling it to meet state and national teacher and leadership training mandates. ProEthica: Advancing Teacher Candidate Ethics Assessment from Theory to Practice in Christian Contexts Given the enormous moral problems facing our international society, there is much public dialogue about the need for schools to do more about the moral education of our children. Contemporary surveys reveal that most of society believes that schools should be active participants in the formation of character of our youth. (Staudt 2001, 55) If schools are to be active participants in youth character development, logic would dictate that teacher training programs at the university level should incorporate values and ethical instruction as integral aspects of their programs. Theoretical models by Murrell, Diez, Feiman-Nemser, and Schussler (2010), Serdyukov and Ferguson (2011), Cummins and Asempapa (2013), and Richard Osguthorpe (2013) provided foundational and applicative support for such a values emphasis. State and national accreditation agencies, in response, initially directed efforts to restructure teacher training and assessment, requiring integration of dispositional character traits within the traditional curricular elements of knowledge and pedagogy. Faith-based colleges and universities found scriptural support for inclusion
Functional properties of monkey caudate neurons. III. Activities related to expectation of target and reward.

1. The present paper reports complex neural activities in the monkey caudate nucleus that precede and anticipate visual stimuli and reward in learned visuomotor paradigms. These activities were revealed typically in the delayed saccade task in which memory and anticipation were required. We classified these activities according to their relationships to the task. 2. Activity related to expectation of a cue (n = 46) preceded the presentation of a spot of light (target cue) that signified the future location of saccade target. When the target cue was delayed, the activity was prolonged accordingly. The same spot of light was preceded by no activity if it acted as a distracting stimulus. 3. The sustained activity (n = 80) was a tonic discharge starting after the target cue as if holding the spatial information. 4. The activity related to expectation of target (n = 109) preceded the appearance of the target whose location was cued previously. It started with or after a saccade to the cued target location and ended with the appearance of the target. The activity was greater when the target was expected to appear in the contralateral visual field. 5. The activity related to expectation of reward (n = 57) preceded a task-specific reward. It started with the appearance of the final target and ended with the reward. In most cases, the activity was nonselective for how the monkey obtained the reward, i.e., by visual fixation only, by a saccade, or by a hand movement. The activity was dependent partly on visual fixation. 6. A few neurons showed tonic activity selectively before lever release and are thus considered to be related to the preparation of hand movements. 7. The activity related to breaking fixation (n = 33) occurred phasically if the monkey broke fixation, aborting the trial. 8. Activity related to reward (n = 104) was a phasic discharge that occurred before or after a reward of water was delivered. The activity was not simply related to a specific movement involved in the reward-obtaining behavior (eye, hand, or mouth movement). 9. Fixation-related activity (n = 72) was tonic activity continuing as long as the monkey attentively fixated a spot of light. It was dependent on reward expectancy in most cases. 10. The present results, together with those in the preceding papers, indicate that the activities of individual caudate neurons--sensory, motor, or cognitive--are dependent on specific contexts of learned behavior. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
The Blazhko behavior of RV UMa

RV UMa is one of the most extensively studied RR Lyrae stars showing Blazhko modulation. Its photometric observations cover more than 90 years. The published photoelectric observations of RV UMa obtained at the Konkoly Observatory (Kanyo 1976) were re-considered and completed with previously unpublished data. During the time interval of the observations the periods of both the pulsation and the modulation varied within the ranges of 0.000007 and 0.9 days, respectively. We have found a definite but not strict inverse relation between the pulsation and modulation periods of RV UMa. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Photometry Results for the Globular Clusters M10 and M12: Extinction Maps, Color-Magnitude Diagrams, and Variable Star Candidates

We report on photometry results of the equatorial globular clusters (GCs) M10 and M12. These two clusters are part of our sample of GCs, which we are probing for the existence of photometrically varying eclipsing binary stars. During the search for binaries in M10 and M12, we discovered the signature of differential reddening across the fields of the clusters. The effect is stronger for M10 than for M12. Using our previously described dereddening technique, we create differential extinction maps for the clusters, which dramatically improve the appearance of the color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs). Comparison of our maps with the dust emissivity maps of Schlegel, Finkbeiner, & Davis (SFD) shows good agreement in terms of spatial extinction features. Several methods of adding an EV-I zero point to our differential maps are presented, of which isochrone fitting proved to be the most successful. Our EV-I values fall within the range of widely varying literature values. More specifically, our reddening zero-point estimate for M12 agrees well with the SFD estimate, whereas the one for M10 falls below the SFD value. Our search for variable stars in the clusters produced a total of five variables: three in M10 and two in M12. The M10 variables include a binary system of the W Ursae Majoris (W UMa) type, a background RR Lyrae star, and an SX Phoenicis pulsator, none of which is physically associated with M10. M12's variables are two W UMa binaries, one of which is most likely a member of the cluster. We present the phased photometry light curves for the variable stars, estimate their distances, and show their locations in the fields and the CMDs of the GCs.
The Proterozoic and Earliest Cambrian Trace Fossil Record; Patterns, Problems and Perspectives1

Abstract The increase in trace fossil diversity across the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian boundary often is presented in terms of tabulations of ichnogenera. However, a clearer picture of the increase in diversity and complexity can be reached by combining trace fossils into broad groups defined both on morphology and interpretation. This also focuses attention on looking for similarites between Neoproterozoic and Cambrian trace fossils. Siliciclastic sediments of the Neoproterozoic preserve elongate tubular organisms and structures of probable algal origin, many of which are very similar to trace fossils. Such enigmatic structures include Palaeopascichnus and Yelovichnus, previously thought to be trace fossils in the form of tight meanders. A preliminary two or tripartite terminal Neoproterozoic trace fossil zonation can be be recognized. Possibly the earliest trace fossils are short unbranched forms, probably younger than about 560 Ma. Typical Neoproterozoic trace fossils are unbranched and essentially horizontal forms found associated with diverse assemblages of Ediacaran organisms. In sections younger than about 550 Ma a modest increase in trace fossil diversity occurs, including the appearance of rare three-dimensional burrow systems (treptichnids), and traces with a three-lobed lower surfaces.