Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing between pediatric anxiety and depression: The experience of emotion and emotion regulation

Anxiety and depression, two common disorders in childhood and adolescence, are highly comorbid. However, while the majority of depressed youth have a past history or current diagnosis of anxiety, only one third of anxious youth have experienced depression. To elucidate the substantial, but incomplete overlap between these disorders, this study sought to determine whether youth with clinical diagnoses of depression and anxiety could be differentiated based on features of emotion and emotion regulation. To achieve this, this study utilized ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data to examine youth’s experience of and response to negative emotions in real-life. The sample included 165 nine to 14 year-olds: 27 with diagnoses of depression (DEP), 76 with diagnoses of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (ANX), and 62 healthy controls (CON). None of the participants in the ANX group had diagnoses of depression, while 37% of participants in the DEP group had secondary diagnoses of anxiety. Over a 5 day block, participants received phone calls in which they were asked to identify recent events that elicited negative emotions, provide ratings of negative emotions, and report on how they handled these emotions. Hypotheses were tested using both categorical groups (DEP, ANX, CON) and continuous indices of depressive and anxious symptoms to examine the contribution of depressive symptoms above and beyond anxious symptoms (and vice versa). Using either approach, findings indicated that depression was uniquely linked with greater peak sadness and higher levels of rumination, while anxiety was uniquely related to greater peak nervousness and higher levels of worry. While more tenuous, findings supported aspects of emotion regulation as shared features (e.g., higher rumination, lower effortful control, greater mean intensity of worry). In sum, this study lends support to anxiety and depression being different manifestations of similar underlying phenomena with respect to how youth experience and respond to negative emotions.
Hybridization of two stage Multilayer Neural Networks based Bangla ASR incorporating dynamic parameters

This paper presents a hybridization of Multilayer Neural Network-based Bangla phoneme recognition method for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) incorporating dynamic parameters. The method consists of four stages: at first stage, a multilayer neural network (MLN) converts acoustic features, mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), into phoneme probabilities. Phoneme probabilities from the first stage are inserted into second stage MLN for obtaining more accurate phoneme probabilities with reduced context where the third stage computes dynamic (velocity (A) and acceleration (AA)) parameters from the phoneme probabilities by using three point linear regressions (LRs). Finally, the phoneme probabilities, dynamic parameters, A and AA, and the input MFCCs, combined as hybrid features, are fed into a hidden Markov model (HMM) based classifier to obtain more accurate phoneme strings. From the experiments on Bangla speech corpus prepared by us, it is observed that the proposed method provides higher phoneme recognition performance than the existing method. Moreover, it requires a fewer mixture components in the HMMs.
Counseling patients on cancer diets: a review of the literature and recommendations for clinical practice.

BACKGROUND Many cancer patients use cancer diets. MATERIALS AND METHODS We listed 13 cancer diets simulating an internet search for which we systematically reviewed clinical data. In the next step we derived recommendations on counseling patients using a Delphi process. RESULTS We evaluated the following diets: raw vegetables and fruits, alkaline diet, macrobiotics, Gerson's regime, Budwig's and low carbohydrate or ketogenic diet. We did not find clinical evidence supporting any of the diets. Furthermore, case reports and pre-clinical data point to the potential harm of some of these diets. From published recommendations on counseling on complementary and alternative medicine, we were able to derive 14 recommendations for counseling on cancer diets. CONCLUSION Considering the lack of evidence of benefits from cancer diets and potential harm by malnutrition, oncologists should engage more in counseling cancer patients on such diets. Our recommendations could be helpful in this process.
Immunocytology of cultured IgM-forming cells of mouse. I. Requirement of phagocytic cell factor for the growth of IgM-forming tumor cells in tissue culture.

An attempt was made to gain an established culture cell line of murine IgM myeloma cells (MOPC-104E). The growth of the tumor cells could be maintained for more than 10 months in tissue culture by adding a factor obtained from the culture medium of tissue macrophages (histiocytes) or spleen phagocytic cells of mouse. The factor is protein in nature and has a molecular weight of about 5 × 104 daltons. Without this factor the tumor cells stopped growing at G1 stage and did not continue the cell cycle; however, the synthesis of IgM and its subunit was unaffected. The factor reinitiated DNA synthesis almost synchronously with a lag of about 90 min. The factor was also found in mouse serum and its activity increased remarkably after the injection of Freund's complete adjuvant. Adenosine 3′:5′-cyclic monophosphate could substitute for the factor in a range of 0.3 µg/ml to 1.0 µg/ml. The immunologic role of the factor is discussed.
Moment-Based Prediction Step for Nonlinear Discrete-Time Dynamic Systems Using Exponential Densities

In this paper, an effcient approach for a moment-based Bayesian prediction step for both linear and nonlinear discrete-time dynamic systems using exponential densities with polynomial exponents is proposed. The exact solution of the prediction step is approximated by an exponential density which minimizes the Kullback-Leibler distance. Compared to other approaches, the user of this procedure can specify the approximation quality by controlling the deviation between the moments of the exact and the approximated solution. Furthermore, this algorithm can also be used for the adaptation of the order of the exponential densities either to improve the approximation quality or to reduce the computational effort.
Kirsten murine sarcoma virus abolishes interferon gamma-induced class II but not class I major histocompatibility antigen expression in a murine fibroblast line

The effect of infecting fibroblasts with Kirsten murine sarcoma virus/murine leukemia virus (Ki-MSV/MLV) on constitutive and IFN-gamma- induced H-2 antigen expression was investigated. The fibroblasts used were two established cell lines (C3H10T1/2 and BALB/c3T3) and fresh embryo fibroblasts from C3H mice. Class I antigens were expressed constitutively by BALB/c3T3; infection with MLV, MSV or the two together had little effect on this constitutive expression. Class I antigens (H-2K, H-2D) were strongly induced on all three types of fibroblast by rIFN-gamma, and infection had little effect on this. None of the fibroblasts expressed constitutively detectable levels of class II antigen; however, C3H10T1/2 fibroblasts could be induced for both H- 2A and H-2E by IFN-gamma. Infection of C3H10T1/2 with helper-free Ki- MSV, or MSV together with MLV, completely abolished this induction of class II antigens, while infection with MLV alone had little effect, implying that the abolition of class II induction was due to genomic regions of Ki-MSV not shared with Ki-MLV, probably the v-Ki-ras gene.
Parental Disciplinary Patterns and Social Competence in Children

In the United States today, parents rather than the state have primary responsibility for socializing their young. Socialization is an adult-initiated process by which the young person through education, training, and imitation acquires his culture as well as the habits and values congruent with adaptation to that culture. There is no way in which parents can evade having a determining effect upon their children's personality, character, and competence. Children are not the originators of their own actions in the sense that their parents are or should be. Adults can contribute to their own development by altering the stimuli that impinge upon them, and by defining objectives for themselves which, once formulated, then structure their actions. Children, on the other hand, will be presented with stimuli and asked to accomplish goals formulated for them by upbringers. Adult caretakers will play a determining role in the way their children develop, either consciously and conscientiously or by default. Several researchers (Spence, 1966; Siege1 and Konn, 1959) have found that nonreaction by adults is most frequently interpreted by
Intra-operative feedback and dynamic compensation for image-guided robotic focal ultrasound surgery

This paper describes a non-invasive remote temperature measurement technique integrated with a biomechatronic surgery system devised in our laboratory and named FUSBOT (Focal Ultrasound Surgery RoBOT). FUSBOTs use High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) for ablation of cancers/tumors and targets accessible through various soft-tissue acoustic windows in the human body. The focused ultrasound beam parameters are chosen so that biologically significant temperature rises are achieved only within the focal volume. In this paper, FUSBOTBS, a customized system for breast surgery, is taken as a representative example to demonstrate the implementation and the results of non-invasive feedback during ablation. An 8-axis PC-based controller controls various sub-sections of the system within a safe constrained work envelope. Temperature is a prime target parameter in ablative procedures, and it is of paramount importance that means should be devised for its measurement and control in order to design optimal dose protocols and judge the efficacy of FUS systems. A customized sensory interface is devised and integrated with FUSBOTBS, and dedicated software algorithms are embedded for surgical planning based on real-time guidance and feedback. Variations in the physical parameters of the tissue interacting with the incident modality are used as surgical feedback. The use of real-time ultrasound imaging and data processed from various sensors to deduce lesion position and thermal feedback during surgery, as integrated with the robotic system for online surgical planning, is described. Dynamic registration algorithms are developed for compensation and re-registration of the robotic end-effector with respect to the target, and representative empirical outcomes for lesion tracking and online temperature estimation in various biological tissues are presented.
Automatic License-Plate Location and Recognition Based on Feature Salience

License-plate recognition plays an important role in numerous applications, and a number of techniques have been proposed. In this paper, a novel method to recognize license plates is presented. First, the license plates are located using salient features. Then, each of the seven characters in a license plate is segmented. Finally, the character recognizer extracts some salient features of the characters and uses a feature-salience classifier to achieve robust recognition results. In the experiments, 1176 images that were taken from various scenes and conditions were used, and 32 images out of the 1176 images failed to correctly locate the license plates, which amounts to a success rate of 97.3%. In the experiments on identifying license characters, we used 1144 images, for which license plates have successfully been located and out of which 49 images failed to identify the characters; the rate of successful identification is 95.7%. Combining the preceding two rates, the overall rate of success of the developed method is 93.1%.
Ontogeny of behavior in two inbred lines of selected mice.

The development over 11 ages of 14 reflex responses, 26 behavioral components, jumpiness, and left-right discrimination learning was studied in 2 strains of mice genetically selected for high (SRH) and low (SRL) rearing response frequency. Significant age-dependent differences between the strains were found mainly, but not exclusively, in the behavioral components, e.g., rearing, jumping, scratching, defecating. Two-week-old pups of both strains showed good acquisition and retention in learning tests without shock, but the "jumpy" behavior disturbed performance to a certain degree in the SRH strain. Although less active initially, SRH mice were ahead at later developmental stages. Whether these differences are determined by the gene controlling rearing frequency or by other genes remains undecided.
The Effective Size of a Metapopulation Living in a Heterogeneous Patch Network

I analyze stochastic patch occupancy models (SPOMs), which record habitat patches as empty or occupied. A problem with SPOMs has been that if the spatial structure of a heterogeneous habitat patch network is taken into account, the computational effort needed to analyze a SPOM grows as a power of 2n, where n is the number of habitat patches. I propose a computationally feasible approximation method, which approximates the behavior of a heterogeneous SPOM by an “ideal” metapopulation inhabiting a network of identical and equally connected habitat patches. The transformation to the ideal metapopulation is based on weighting the individual patch occupancies by the dynamic values of the habitat patches, which may be calculated from the deterministic mean‐field approximation of the original SPOM. Conceptually, the method resembles the calculation of the effective size of a population in the context of population genetics. I demonstrate how the method may be applied to SPOMs with flexible structural assumptions and with spatially correlated and temporally varying parameter values. I apply the method to a real habitat patch network inhabited by the Glanville fritillary butterfly, illustrating that the metapopulation dynamics of this species are essentially driven by temporal variability in the environmental conditions.
Dendritic Cells Enhance Growth and Differentiation of CD40-activated B Lymphocytes

After antigen capture, dendritic cells (DC) migrate into T cell–rich areas of secondary lymphoid organs, where they induce T cell activation, that subsequently drives B cell activation. Here, we investigate whether DC, generated in vitro, can directly modulate B cell responses, using CD40L-transfected L cells as surrogate activated T cells. DC, through the production of soluble mediators, stimulated by 3- to 6-fold the proliferation and subsequent recovery of B cells. Furthermore, after CD40 ligation, DC enhanced by 30–300-fold the secretion of IgG and IgA by sIgD− B cells (essentially memory B cells). In the presence of DC, naive sIgD+ B cells produced, in response to interleukin-2, large amounts of IgM. Thus, in addition to activating naive T cells in the extrafollicular areas of secondary lymphoid organs, DC may directly modulate B cell growth and differentiation.
Chronic hepatitis C: future treatment

The launch of first-generation protease inhibitors (PIs) is a major step forward in HCV treatment. However, the major advance is up to now restricted to genotype 1 (GT-1) patients. The development of second-wave and second-generation PIs yields higher antiviral potency through plurigenotypic activity, more convenient daily administration, fewer side effects and, for the second-generation PIs, potential activity against resistance-associated variants. NS5B inhibitors include nucleoside/nucleotide inhibitors (NIs) and non-nucleotide inhibitors (NNIs). NIs have high efficacy across all genotypes. Sofosbuvir has highly potent antiviral activity across all genotypes in association with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PR), thus allowing shortened treatment duration. NS5A inhibitors (NS5A.I) have highly potent antiviral activity. It has recently been shown for the first time that NS5A.I in combination with protease inhibitors can cure GT-1b null responders in an interferon-free regimen. Besides, several studies demonstrate that interferon (IFN)-free regimens with direct-acting antiviral agent combinations are able to cure a large number of either naïve or treatment-experienced GT-1 patients. Moreover, quadruple regimen with PR is able to cure almost all GT-1 null responders. The development of pan-genotypic direct-acting antiviral agents (NIs or NS5A.I) allows new combinations with or without PR that increase the rate of sustained virological response for all patients, even for those with cirrhosis and independently of the genotype. Therefore, the near future of HCV treatment looks promising. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the clinical results recently reported for HCV treatment.
An Ensemble of Arctic Simulations of the AOE-2001 Field Experiment

Abstract : An ensemble of model runs with the COAMPS © regional model is compared to observations in the central Arctic for August 2001 from the Arctic Ocean Experiment 2001 (AOE-2001). The results are from a 6-km horizontal resolution 2nd, inner, nest of the model while the outermost model domain covers the pan-Arctic region, including the marginal ice zone and some of the land areas around the Arctic Ocean. Sea surface temperature and ice cover were prescribed from satellite data while sea-ice surface properties were modeled with an energy balance model, assuming a constant ice thickness. Five ensemble members were generated by altering the initialization time for the innermost nest, the surface roughness and the turbulent mixing scheme for clouds. The large size of the outer domain means that the model simulations have substantial deviations from the observations at synoptic-scale time scales. Therefore the evaluation focuses on statistical measures, rather than in details of individual ensemble member performance as compared directly to observations. In this context, the ensemble members are surprisingly similar even though details differ significantly. The ensemble average results features two main systematic problems: a consistent temperature bias, with too low temperatures below 2–3 km and slightly high temperatures through the rest of the troposphere, and a significant underestimation of the lowest clouds. In terms of total cloud cover, however, the model produces a realistic result; it is the very lowest clouds that are essentially missing. The
Large Universe Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme from Lattices

We propose a large universe attribute-based encryption (ABE ) scheme from lattices. It is inspired by Brent Waters' scheme which is a large universe attribute-based encryption using bilinear map. It is a very practical scheme but this scheme may not be security with the developing quantum computer. So we extend their good idea of large universe attribute-based encryption to lattices based cryptosystem. And our scheme is the first large universe ABE scheme from lattices. In a large universe ABE system any string can be used as attribute and attributes need not be determined at system setup. This is a desirable feature. And the master private key of our scheme is too short too a matrix. Moreover, our scheme is high efficient due to the ciphertext of our scheme is divided into three parts. Finally, under Learning with Errors assumption, we prove our scheme is secure under the select attribute attack.
Science picnics for a lifelong-learning community

Eighteen elementary and middle-level in-service teachers developed and implemented a series of four evening science programs for students and parents in Chanute, Kansas. Primarily funded by a competitive D.D. Eisenhower Award, the programs were attended by more than 586 students and 955 parents and community members spaced over an academic year. The interdisciplinary evening programs were focused at grade levels K-l, 2-3, 4-5, and 6-8 and emphasized students and parents working together on scientific investigations. Topics included astronomy/space science, energy and matter, earth materials, zoology, and scientific inquiry.
Preventing Alcohol-Related Problems Through Health Policy Research

Alcohol-related health policy research is responsible for guiding the implementation of laws and public health policies that have reduced alcohol-related highway injuries and deaths, as well as other alcohol-related problems over the last 40 years. This research, which tests theories about potential policy changes and responds to specific problems, has examined a vast array of prevention programs. This article briefly identifies 10 program categories and highlights four programs to illustrate the scope and complexity of the individual health policy areas within the categories.
Comparison of Genetic Variability at Multiple Loci across the Genomes of the Major Subtypes of Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Reveals Evidence for Recombination and for Two Distinct Types of Open Reading Frame K15 Alleles at the Right-Hand End

ABSTRACT Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus or human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) DNA is found consistently in nearly all classical, endemic, transplant, and AIDS-associated KS lesions, as well as in several AIDS-associated lymphomas. We have previously sequenced the genes for the highly variable open reading frame K1 (ORF-K1) protein from more than 60 different HHV8 samples and demonstrated that they display up to 30% amino acid variability and cluster into four very distinct evolutionary subgroups (the A, B, C, and D subtypes) that correlate with the major migrationary diasporas of modern humans. Here we have extended this type of analysis to six other loci across the HHV8 genome to further evaluate overall genotype patterns and the potential for chimeric genomes. Comparison of the relatively conserved ORF26, T0.7/K12, and ORF75 gene regions at map positions 0.35, 0.85, and 0.96 revealed typical ORF-K1-linked subtype patterns, except that between 20 and 30% of the genomes analyzed proved to be either intertypic or intratypic mosaics. In addition, a 2,500-bp region found at the extreme right-hand side of the unique segment in 45 HHV8 genomes proved to be highly diverged from the 3,500-bp sequence found at this position in the other 18 HHV8 genomes examined. Furthermore, these previously uncharacterized “orphan” region sequences proved to encompass multiexon latent-state mRNAs encoding two highly diverged alleles of the novel ORF-K15 protein. The predominant (P) and minor (M) forms of HHV8 ORF-K15 are structurally related integral membrane proteins that have only 33% overall amino acid identity to one another but retain conserved likely tyrosine kinase signaling motifs and may be distant evolutionary relatives of the LMP2 latency protein of Epstein-Barr virus. The M allele of ORF-K15 is also physically linked to a distinctive M subtype of the adjacent ORF75 gene locus, and in some cases, this linkage extends as far back as the T0.7 locus also. Overall, the results suggest that an original recombination event with a related primate virus from an unknown source introduced exogenous right-hand side ORF-K15(M) sequences into an ancient M form of HHV8, followed by eventual acquisition into the subtype C lineage of the modern P-form of the HHV8 genome and subsequent additional, more recent transfers by homologous recombination events into several subtype A and B lineages as well.