Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamique des zones de subduction : étude statistique globale et approche analogique.

Comparer les zones de subductions les unes aux autres permet d'eclairer les raisons de leur diversite et de remonter aux forces qui gouvernent leur fonctionnement. Pour permettre cette comparaison statistique, une base de donnees globale originale, SubductionZones, qui decrit l'ensemble des zones de subduction oceaniques du globe a ete construite a partir de bases de donnees globales preexistantes. Les observations qui decoulent de l'analyse statistique globale des zones de subduction, souvent inedites et infirmant parfois les resultats d'etudes anterieures, impliquent une reevaluation des modeles de subduction en vigueur. Des trois « acteurs » mis en jeu dans le processus de subduction (i.e., la plaque subduite, la plaque superieure et le manteau), la plupart des observations mettent en avant l'influence de la plaque superieure et de la direction de son mouvement sur la dynamique de la subduction. Les caracteristiques de la plaque subduite et de son panneau plongeant, en revanche, si elles semblent controler le mouvement des plaques, ont vraisemblablement une influence limitee sur le mouvement des fosses, le regime tectonique de la plaque superieure et le pendage du slab. L'influence du manteau et des flux qui l'animent a par ailleurs ete mise en evidence dans quelques cas, notamment a proximite des bordures de slabs. Les modeles physiques (analytiques, numeriques ou analogiques), pour leur part, completent la vision instantanee du processus de subduction que donne l'approche statistique en offrant un cadre theorique et dynamique a l'interpretation des observations. L'approche analogique nous a ainsi permis de tester les modalites de l'influence du mouvement de la plaque superieure dans le controle du mouvement de la fosse, de la geometrie du panneau plongeant et de la deformation de la plaque superieure.
Next-Generation Higher Speed Ethernet : 100 Gb / s Ethernet and Beyond

Continuing growth in IP network traffic is putting increasing pressure to scale both router-to-router capacity and port speeds. Current router port data rates of 10Gb/s and 40Gb/s and link aggregation techniques such as ECMP and LAG will not enable efficient network scaling for IP traffic demands expected to increase by a factor of 10 or more by 2010. This is driving the need for a next-generation Higher Speed Ethernet standard at data rates of 100Gb/s and beyond. This paper describes implementation approaches for both 100Gb/s PHY interfaces and channel bonding techniques, and proposes a new rate-independent Ethernet physical sublayer termed Multilink Ethernet that enables efficient and resilient scaling for Higher Speed Ethernet.
Stellar fluxes as probes of convection in stellar atmospheres

Abstract Convection and turbulence in stellar atmospheres have a significant effect on the emergent flux from late-type stars. The theoretical advancements in convection modelling over recent years have proved challenging for the observers to obtain measurements with sufficient precision and accuracy to allow discrimination between the various predictions. An overview of the current observational techniques used to evaluate various convection theories is presented, including photometry, spectrophotometry, and spectroscopy. The results from these techniques are discussed, along with their successes and limitations. The prospects for improved observations of stellar fluxes are also given.
FBL-reactive CD8+ cytotoxic and CD4+ helper T lymphocytes recognize distinct Friend murine leukemia virus-encoded antigens

Immunization of C57BL/6 (B6) mice with FBL, a Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV), induces both tumor-specific cytolytic CD8+ (CTL) and lymphokine-producing CD4+ Th that are effective in adoptive therapy of B6 mice bearing disseminated FBL leukemia. The current study evaluated the F-MuLV antigenic determinants expressed on FBL that are recognized by FBL-reactive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. To identify the specificity of the FBL-reactive CD8+ CTL, Fisher rat embryo fibroblast (FRE) cells transfected with plasmids encoding F-MuLV gag or envelope (env) gene products plus the class I-restricting element Db were utilized. FBL- reactive CTL recognized FRE target cells transfected with the F-MuLV gag-encoded gene products, but failed to recognize targets expressing F- MuLV env. Attempts to generate env-specific CD8+ CTL by immunization with a recombinant vaccinia virus containing an inserted F-MuLV env gene were unsuccessful, despite the generation of a cytolytic response to vaccinia epitopes, implying that B6 mice fail to generate CD8+ CTL to env determinants. By contrast, CD4+ Th clones recognized FRE target cells transfected with env and not gag genes, and immunization with the recombinant vaccinia virus induced an env-specific CD4+ T cell response. These data show that in a Friend retrovirus-induced tumor model in which tumor rejection can be mediated by either CTL or Th, antigens derived from discrete retroviral proteins are predominantly responsible for activation of each T cell subset.
Multimodal interaction styles for hypermedia adaptation

We explore the concept of interaction styles used to navigate through hypermedia systems. A demonstrator was built to conduct a user study with the objective of detecting whether any interaction pattern exists in relation to input modality choices. Our lightweight server-side web demonstrator is able to adapt output modalities as a function of input received from the user. The interface and content displayed are built from predefined presentation schemes that attempt to optimize the user's experience and website's functionality. The results suggest that some levels of entrenchment do occur with reference to modality choices, with 45% of participants deviating from their preferred pattern in one or less interaction turns.
Buccinator Myomucosal Flap for Treatment of Osteoradionecrosis of the Mandible

The use of a myomucosal flap from the buccinator muscle is a valuable reconstruction method for intraoral defects. In this paper, we report the clinical advantages of using a buccinator myomucosal flap for the treatment of partial mandibular defects caused by osteoradionecrosis. We implemented a buccinator myomucosal flap for the reconstruction of a partial mandibular defect in a 55-year-old man with tonsil cancer and partial mandibular defects caused by osteoradionecrosis. The total operating time was 90 minutes. Twelve months after the reconstruction, the patient remains free of disease. A buccinator myomucosal flap can be used for the reconstruction of partial mandibular defects caused by osteoradionecrosis. It is a reliable method for reconstructing small mandibular defects.
Predicting life expectancy in patients with metastatic cancer receiving palliative radiotherapy: The TEACHH model

Predicting life expectancy (LE) in patients with metastatic cancer who are receiving palliative therapies is a difficult task. The purpose of the current study was to develop a LE prediction model among patients receiving palliative radiotherapy (RT) that identifies those patients with short (< 3 months) and long (> 1 year) LEs.
Rhetorical Relations: Necessary But Not Sufficient

It is generMly agreed tha t coherent (lis('ourse consists of segments tha,t are related to one another. A number of researchers have a, rgm~d lbr the use of rhetorica,l[(~ri75] or coherence relations [I-Iol)79], and the rhetorical relations specified by R S'I? [MT87] have I)e(,~, used in s t ructur ing text [tlov88, MP90]. In this l)a.l)el" , we exa.mine rh(q.ori(:al relations in the cold.~,xt of dia.logue, ra, tlmr than single-speaker te×t. We argue that rea,s(millg about relational l)r()lmsit, ions is necessary but not sufficient ior s t ructur ing (lialogtm, 1)oiHt out s(,v(q'al prol)h,ms of a, pplyiug RST to dialogue, a, nd argue tbr the necessity of recognizillg the intentions underlying utteratlces a,lld I, he rich relationshil)s among these intentions. Our research on recognizing expressions of (hml)t and interpreting ilMirect replies provides evidence tha t what Moore a,nd Polla,ck call i lfformal,itmal level rela, ti(ms [Ml'! )2] play a,n illlporta, llt role in identil~ing intentions ill (lia.h)gue. (r~,llsi(l(~l' s()me ('ontiilua.l.i~),s of I.h(~ Iblh~wing (liah)gm, sequence:
Retraining and Dynamic Privilege for Implicit Authentication Systems

With the rapid growth of the smart device market, associated security issues become more threatening and diverse than ever before. Due to the limitations of the traditional explicit authentication mechanisms (e.g., Password-based, biometrics), researchers and the industry have been promoting implicit authentication (IA) that does not require explicit user action and potentially enhances user experience to further protect devices from misuse. IA typically leverages various types of behavioral data to deduce a user behavior model for authentication purpose. However, IA systems are still at their infancy and exhibit many limitations, one of which is how to determine the best retraining frequency when updating the user behavior model. Another limitation is how to gracefully degrade user privilege, when authentication fails to identify legitimate users (i.e., False negatives) for a practical IA system. To address the first problem, we propose an algorithm that utilizes Jensen-Shannon (JS)-dis(tance) to determine the optimal retraining frequency. For the second problem, we introduce a dynamic privilege mechanism, again based on JS-dis(tance), to achieve multi-level fine-grained access control. Our simulation results show that the proposed techniques can successfully detect the degradation of accuracy of the user behavior model, as well as automatically determine and adjust to the best retraining frequency. It is also shown that the dynamic privilege-based access control reduces the impact of false negatives on legitimate users and enhances system reliability and user experience compared with the traditional lock-only method in case of authentication failure.
Command area development by using FAO Cropwat 8.0 model and impact of climate change on crop water requirement-a case study on Araniar reservoir basin (Pichatur dam)

Calculation of irrigation requirements are very important for design the irrigation projects. The irrigation requirements are not adopting scientifically in India. In the present study, the amount of Crop Water Requirement (CWR) for different crops grown in the Araniar Reservoir Basin Command area was calculated by using the FAO CROPWAT model. CROPWAT is a “crop-soil-climate” phenomena will facilitate the estimate of the crop evapotranspiration and irrigation schedule, and agricultural water requirements with different cropping patterns for irrigation planning. Estimation of Reference evapotranspiration and CWR are the very important in application such as irrigation design, irrigation scheduling, water resources management, hydrology and cropping system modelling. The model works on the climatic data as inputs such as minimum and maximum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, sunshine hours, rainfall, soil parameters and crop details. The CWR was determined in this study for the cropping pattern of the year 2013-14. The results obtained as the CWR requires for the Kharif season as 23.49 MCM (Million Cubic Meter) to irrigate 2226.7 ha and for Rabi Season which is about 8.07 MCM to irrigate 1416 ha in the study area as per 2013 and 2014 cropping pattern system. The past climatic and rainfall data were predicted by using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Feed Forward Back Propagation function and IBM-SPSS Statistical model to obtain the future CWR in the study area by making an assumption that there is no change in the cropping pattern system and the future CWR was determined from the years 2015 to 2024.
Pharmacological Actions of Statins: A Critical Appraisal in the Management of Cancer

Statins, among the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide, are cholesterol-lowering agents used to manage and prevent cardiovascular and coronary heart diseases. Recently, a multifaceted action in different physiological and pathological conditions has been also proposed for statins, beyond anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. Statins have been shown to act through cholesterol-dependent and -independent mechanisms and are able to affect several tissue functions and modulate specific signal transduction pathways that could account for statin pleiotropic effects. Typically, statins are prescribed in middle-aged or elderly patients in a therapeutic regimen covering a long life span during which metabolic processes, aging, and concomitant novel diseases, including cancer, could occur. In this context, safety, toxicity, interaction with other drugs, and the state of health have to be taken into account in subjects treated with statins. Some evidence has shown a dichotomous effect of statins with either cancer-inhibiting or -promoting effects. To date, clinical trials failed to demonstrate a reduced cancer occurrence in statin users and no sufficient data are available to define the long-term effects of statin use over a period of 10 years. Moreover, results from clinical trials performed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of statins in cancer did not suggest statin use as chemotherapeutic or adjuvant agents. Here, we reviewed the pharmacology of the statins, providing a comprehensive update of the current knowledge of their effects on tissues, biological processes, and pathological conditions, and we dissected the disappointing evidence on the possible future use of statin-based drugs in cancer therapy.
Does Helicobacter pylori protect against asthma and allergy?

The microbes that persistently colonise their vertebrate hosts are not accidental.1 Although highly numerous and diverse, there is specificity by site and substantial conservation between individuals. The genus Helicobacter includes spiral, highly motile, urease-positive, Gram-negative bacteria that colonise the stomach in many mammals. Each mammal has one or more dominant Helicobacter species and they are highly, if not exclusively, host species-specific.2 Such observations are consistent with the hypothesis that when ancestral mammals diverged from reptiles about 150 million years ago, they contained ancestral helicobacters, which then diverged as their hosts changed. According to this hypothesis, helicobacters represent ancestral biota (flora) in the mammalian stomach. The human-adapted strain is H pylori ,3 which has not been reproducibly observed in any animals other than humans and other primates.3 Although we can not reliably estimate how long H pylori has been in the human stomach, its ancestors may have been present when our humanoid ancestors diverged from other primates about four million years ago. Consistent with this view are results from phylogeographic studies; strong and consistent evidence indicates that our ancestors already were carrying gastric H pylori when a group that ultimately populated much of the world last left Africa, more than 58 000 years ago.4 In any case, H pylori has been colonising the stomach of humans since at least Paleolithic times. In this paper, we examine the evidence concerning the relationship of this ancient member of the human microbiota, and particularly its absence, with the recent and on-going epidemic of asthma and related allergic disorders. We discuss the possibility that gastric H pylori colonisation protects against these disorders and that its disappearance has fuelled their rise. H pylori is acquired, and may be detected, in early childhood usually after the first year of life.5 Transmission is …
A new species of the genus Microtendipes Kieffer, 1915 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from Oriental China

Abstract A new species of the genus Microtendipes Kieffer, 1915, Microtendipes zhejiangensis sp.n. , is described, and its morphological description and illustrations are given. A catalogue of the genus in Oriental Region is provided and a key to the males of Microtendipes in the Oriental Region is given.
FOXC2 controls Ang-2 expression and modulates angiogenesis, vascular patterning, remodeling, and functions in adipose tissue

Adipogenesis is spatiotemporally coupled to angiogenesis throughout adult life, and the interplay between these two processes is communicated by multiple factors. Here we show that in a transgenic mouse model, increased expression of forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) in the adipose tissue affects angiogenesis, vascular patterning, and functions. White and brown adipose tissues contain a considerably high density of microvessels appearing as vascular plexuses, which show redistribution of vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes. Dysfunction of these primitive vessels is reflected by impairment of skin wound healing. We further provide a mechanistic insight of the vascular phenotype by showing that FOXC2 controls Ang-2 expression by direct activation of its promoter in adipocytes. Remarkably, an Ang-2-specific antagonist almost completely reverses this vascular phenotype. Thus, the FOXC2–Ang-2 signaling system is crucial for controlling adipose vascular function, which is part of an adaptation to increased adipose tissue metabolism.
Remote evaluation for post-deployment usability improvement

Although existing lab-based formative evaluation is frequently and effectively applied to improving usability of software user interfaces, it has limitations that have led to the concept of remote usability evaluation. Perhaps the most significant impetus for remote usability evaluation methods is the need for a project team to continue formative evaluation downstream, after deployment.The usual kinds of alpha and beta testing do not qualify as formative usability evaluation because they do not yield detailed data observed during usage and associated closely with specific task performance. Critical incident identification is arguably the single most important source of this kind of data. Consequently, we developed and evaluated a cost-effective remote usability evaluation method, based on real users self-reporting critical incidents encountered in real tasks performed in their normal working environments. Results show that users with only brief training can identify, report, and rate the severity level of their own critical incidents.
YooSee: a video browsing application for young children

Nowadays children as young as two years old can easily interact with mobile touch screen devices and personal computers to watch online videos through services such as YouTube. However, such services present a number of challenges for young children (e.g. fine grain gestures/interactions and good typing/literacy skills). In addition, when children use such services there is a risk that they may stumble upon content that is inappropriate. YooSee is a web-based application developed using the PuppyIR framework and designed for children aged between two and six years old. YooSee enables children to: (1) search and browse through video content using an engaging, novel interaction paradigm, and (2) be able to safely enjoy moderated video content.
Multi-Gb/s Software Decoding of Polar Codes

This paper presents an optimized software implementation of a Successive Cancellation (SC) decoder for polar codes. Despite the strong data dependencies in SC decoding, a highly parallel software polar decoder is devised for x86 processor target. A high level of performance is achieved by exploiting the parallelism inherent in today's processor architectures (SIMD, multicore, etc.). Some optimizations that were originally thought for hardware implementation (memory reduction techniques and algorithmic simplifications) were also applied to enhance the throughput of the software implementation. Finally, some low level optimizations such as explicit assembly description or data packing are used to improve the throughput even more. The resulting decoder description is implemented on different x86 processor targets. An analysis of the decoder in terms of latency and throughput is proposed. The influence of several parameters on the throughput and the latency is investigated: the selected target, the code rate, the code length, the SIMD mode (SSE/AVX), the multithreading mode, etc. The energy per decoded bit is also estimated. The proposed software decoder compares favorably with state of the art software polar decoders. Extensive experimentations demonstrate that the proposed software polar decoder exceeds 1 Gb/s for code lengths N ≤ 217 on a single core and reaches multi-Gb/s throughputs when using four cores in parallel in AVX mode.
Computational Identification and Functional Predictions of Long Noncoding RNA in Zea mays

Background Computational analysis of cDNA sequences from multiple organisms suggests that a large portion of transcribed DNA does not code for a functional protein. In mammals, noncoding transcription is abundant, and often results in functional RNA molecules that do not appear to encode proteins. Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) appear to have epigenetic regulatory function in humans, including HOTAIR and XIST. While epigenetic gene regulation is clearly an essential mechanism in plants, relatively little is known about the presence or function of lncRNAs in plants. Methodology/Principal Findings To explore the connection between lncRNA and epigenetic regulation of gene expression in plants, a computational pipeline using the programming language Python has been developed and applied to maize full length cDNA sequences to identify, classify, and localize potential lncRNAs. The pipeline was used in parallel with an SVM tool for identifying ncRNAs to identify the maximal number of ncRNAs in the dataset. Although the available library of sequences was small and potentially biased toward protein coding transcripts, 15% of the sequences were predicted to be noncoding. Approximately 60% of these sequences appear to act as precursors for small RNA molecules and may function to regulate gene expression via a small RNA dependent mechanism. ncRNAs were predicted to originate from both genic and intergenic loci. Of the lncRNAs that originated from genic loci, ∼20% were antisense to the host gene loci. Conclusions/Significance Consistent with similar studies in other organisms, noncoding transcription appears to be widespread in the maize genome. Computational predictions indicate that maize lncRNAs may function to regulate expression of other genes through multiple RNA mediated mechanisms.