Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
B Lymphocytes Differentially Use the Rel and Nuclear Factor (cid:107) B1 (NF- (cid:107) B1) Transcription Factors to Regulate Cell Cycle Progression and Apoptosis in Quiescent and Mitogen-activated Cells

Rel and nuclear factor (NF)- (cid:107) B1, two members of the Rel/NF- (cid:107) B transcription factor family, are essential for mitogen-induced B cell proliferation. Using mice with inactivated Rel or NF- (cid:107) B1 genes, we show that these transcription factors differentially regulate cell cycle progression and apoptosis in B lymphocytes. Consistent with an increased rate of mature B cell turnover in naive nfkb1 (cid:50) / (cid:50) mice, the level of apoptosis in cultures of quiescent nfkb1 (cid:50) / (cid:50) , but not c-rel (cid:50) / (cid:50) , B cells is higher. The failure of c-rel (cid:50) / (cid:50) or nfkb1 (cid:50) / (cid:50) B cells to proliferate in response to particular mitogens coincides with a cell cycle block early in G1 and elevated cell death. Expression of a bcl-2 transgene prevents apoptosis in resting and activated c-rel (cid:50) / (cid:50)
Building Collaborative Teacher Education: Integrating UDL through Building Collaborative Teacher Education: Integrating UDL through a Faculty Learning Community a Faculty Learning Community

: Teacher educators have focused reform efforts on preparing graduates to address increasingly diverse K-12 students. Collaboration among general and special education faculty is seen as beneficial for preparing teacher candidates who can teach diverse learners, yet it is not the norm. This practitioner research explored a curriculum reform effort that used a faculty learning community (FLC) to engage general and special education faculty in the process of integrating Universal Design for Learning (UDL) into a teacher education program. Faculty perceptions of the collaborative reform process and resulting curriculum enhancements are presented. Findings indicated the process was valued by our faculty, promoted a stronger culture of collaboration, and resulted in program improvements. This study offers guidance to other teacher education faculty interested in collaborative reform.
3DCascade-GAN: Shape completion from single-view depth images

Depth images can be easily acquired using depth cameras. However, these images only contain partial information about the shape due to unavoidable self-occlusion. Thanks to the availability of large datasets of shapes, it is possible to use a learning-based approach to produce complete shapes from single depth images. State-of-the-art generative adversarial network (GAN) architectures can produce reasonable results. However, the use of relatively local convolutions restricts GAN architectures from producing globally plausible shapes. In this study, we develop a novel dynamic latent code selection mechanism in which the model learns to select only important codes from the latent space. Furthermore, a novel 3D self-attention (3DSA) layer is introduced that is able to capture non-local relationships across the 3D space. We further design a GAN architecture that uses a multistage encoder–decoder to recover the shape, where our 3DSA layer is introduced to the discriminator to help attend to global features, which stabilizes the model learning and encourages shape refinement, making our reconstruction more structurally plausible. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods for single depth image 3D reconstruction. © 2023TheAuthor(s). PublishedbyElsevierLtd.ThisisanopenaccessarticleundertheCCBYlicense (http
The impact of velocity update frequency on time accuracy for mantle convection particle methods

Computing the velocity field is an expensive process for mantle convection codes. This has implications for particle methods used to model the advection of quantities such as temperature or composition. A common choice for the numerical treatment of particle trajectories is classical fourth-order Runge–Kutta (ERK4) integration, which involves a velocity computation at each of its four stages. To reduce the cost per time step, it is possible to evaluate the velocity for a subset of the four time integration stages. We explore two such alternative schemes, in which velocities are only computed for: a) stage 1 on odd-numbered time steps and stages 2–4 for even-numbered time steps, and b) stage 1 for all time steps. A theoretical analysis of stability and accuracy is presented for all schemes. It was found that the alternative schemes are first-order accurate with stability regions different from that of ERK4. The efficiency and accuracy of the alternate schemes were compared against ERK4 in four test problems covering isothermal, thermal, and thermochemical flows. Exact solutions were used as reference solutions when available. In agreement with theory, the alternate schemes were observed to be first-order accurate for all test problems. Accordingly, they may be used to efficiently compute solutions to within modest error tolerances. For small error tolerances, however, ERK4 was the most efficient.
Holocene peatland initiation in the Greater Everglades

The mechanisms involved in the initiation and development of the Greater Everglades peatland ecosystems remain a topic of discussion. In this study, we first present an overview of basal ages of peat deposits in South Florida, which shows two major episodes of peatland initiation between 7.0–4.5 kyr and 3.5–2.0 kyr. Our analysis of regional climate proxy data sets led to three alternative hypotheses that may explain the timing and duration of these two peatland initiation episodes: (1) decreased drainage due to relative sea level (RSL) rise during the Holocene, (2) gradual increase in precipitation throughout the Holocene, and (3) a combination of increasing precipitation, rising RSL, and oscillations in the climate system. We test whether these three hypotheses can explain the pattern of initiation and development of the Greater Everglades peatlands using models that simulate the nonlinear processes involved in peat production and decomposition. The model results suggest that RSL rise could explain the onset of peatland initiation and imply that the climate was wet enough for peat development also during the early Holocene. The first two hypothesized mechanisms in combination with climate oscillations may explain the onset of peat accumulation at 8.2 kyr B.P. The two‐phased character of peatland initiation maybe explained by the spatial distribution of local drainage conditions. As peatland development is highly nonlinear, our model uncovers a mechanistic way how peats can suddenly shift from a dry high equilibrium to a wet low equilibrium resulting in lake formation as observed in paleoecological studies in the Greater Everglades.
Structures and textures in till indicating subglacial deposition

Five structural and textural features are discussed: (1) small lenses of sorted material, (2) smudges, (3) small-scale deformations of till matrix and smudges by clasts, (4) clasts consistently striated, and (5) clasts with stoss-and-lee sides. Analyses suggest that these features may be produced by subglacial processes acting in the ice-bed interface. Long axes of small sand lenses and smudges as well as the striation on the upper surface of scattered clasts in lodgement till have a strong preferred orientation in good agreement with the glacier flow direction as indicated by clast fabrics, bedrock striation, and surface fluting of ground moraine. When in traction against the till bed, clasts may plough up till banks. Clasts with stoss-and-lee sides development were also very distinctly oriented as their stoss sides faced significantly up-glacier. It is concluded (1) that each of the five features discussed is useful as a criterion for subglacial deposition by lodgement, (2) that they indicate important differential movement along the ice-bed interface and therefore suggest a temperate regime in this part of the glacier during the till deposition, (3) that very few orientation measurements of one or more of these features signify the ice movement direction; i.e. a time-saving method to find the paleoflow direction of Pleistocene glaciers, and (4) that taken together with till preconsolidation, mechanical composition, and clast fabric, they may support each other and give good indications of the genesis of Pleistocene tills.
SSTP: Stock Sector Trend Prediction with Temporal-Spatial Network

In financial big data field, most existing work of stock prediction has focused on the prediction of a single stock trend. However, it is challenging to predict a stock price series due to its drastic volatility. While the stock sector is a group of stocks belonging to the same sector, and the stock sector index is the weighted sum of the prices of all the stocks in the sector. Therefore the trend of stock sector is more stable and more feasible to predict than that of a single stock. In this paper, we propose a new method named Stock Sector Trend Prediction (SSTP) to solve the problem of predicting stock sector trend. In SSTP method, we adopt the Relative Price Strength (RPS) to describe the trend of the stock sector, which is the relative rank of stock sector trend. In order to learn the intrinsic probability distribution of the stock sector index series, we construct the multi-scale RPS time series and build multiple independent fully-connected stock sector relation graphs based on the real relationship among stock sectors. Then, we propose a Temporal-spatial Network (TSN) to extract the temporal features from the multi-scale RPS series and the spatial features from the stock sector relation graphs. Finally, the TSN predicts and ranks the trends of the stock sector trend with the temporal-spatial features. The experimental results on the real-world dataset validate the effectiveness of the proposed SSTP method for the stock sector trend prediction.
Symmetry-preserving nudging: theory and application to a shallow water model

One of the important topics in oceanography is the prediction of ocean circulation. The goal of data assimilation is to combine the mathematical information provided by the modeling of ocean dynamics with observations of the ocean circulation, e.g. measurements of the sea surface height (SSH). In this paper, we focus on a particular class of extended Kalman filters as a data assimilation method: nudging techniques, in which a corrective feedback term is added to the model equations. We consider here a standard shallow water model, and we define an innovation term that takes into account the measurements and respects the symmetries of the physical model. We prove the convergence of the estimation error to zero on a linear approximation of the system. It boils down to estimating the fluid velocity in a water-tank system using only SSH measurements. The observer is very robust to noise and easy to tune. The general nonlinear case is illustrated by numerical experiments, and the results are compared with the standard nudging techniques.
Winter season air pollution in El Paso-Ciudad Juarez. A review of air pollution studies in an international airshed

This report summarizes a number of research efforts completed over the past 20 years in the El Paso del Norte region to characterize pollution sources and air quality trends. The El Paso del Norte region encompasses the cities of El Paso, Texas and Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua and is representative of many US-Mexico border communities that are facing important air quality issues as population growth and industrialization of Mexican border communities continue. Special attention is given to a group of studies carried out under special US Congressional funding and administered by the US Environmental Protection Agency. Many of these studies were fielded within the last several years to develop a better understanding of air pollution sources and trends in this typical border community. Summary findings from a wide range of studies dealing with such issues as the temporal and spatial distribution of pollutants and pollution potential from both stationary and mobile sources in both cities are presented. Particular emphasis is given to a recent study in El Paso-Ciudad Juarez that focussed on winter season PM{sub 10} pollution in El Paso-Ciudad Juarez. Preliminary estimates from this short-term study reveal that biomass combustion products and crustal material are significant components of winter season PM{sub 10} in this international border community.
Antagonistic modules, SIB1 and LSD1, regulate photosynthesis-associated nuclear 1 genes via GOLDEN2-LIKE transcription factors in Arabidopsis 2

27 GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) transcription factors drive the expression of photosynthesis-28 associated nuclear genes (PhANGs), indispensable for chloroplast biogenesis. We 29 previously demonstrated that the salicylic acid (SA)-induced SIGMA FACTOR-30 BINDING PROTEIN 1 (SIB1), a transcription coregulator and positive regulator of 31 cell death, interacts with GLK1 and GLK2 to reinforce their activities. The SIB1-GLK 32 interaction raises the level of light-harvesting antenna proteins in photosystem II, 33 aggravating photoinhibition and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) burst. 1 O 2 then contributes to SA-34 induced cell death via EXECUTER 1 (EX1, 1 O 2 sensor protein)-mediated retrograde 35 signaling upon reaching a critical level. We now reveal that LESION-SIMULATING 36 DISEASE 1 (LSD1), a transcription coregulator and negative regulator of SA-primed 37 cell death, interacts with GLK1/2 to repress their activities. Consistently, the 38 overexpression of LSD1 represses GLK target genes including PhANGs, whereas the 39 loss of LSD1 increases their expression. Remarkably, LSD1 overexpression inhibits 40 chloroplast biogenesis, resembling the characteristic glk1glk2 double mutant phenotype. 41 The subsequent chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis coupled with quantitative 42 PCR further reveals that LSD1 inhibits the DNA-binding activity of GLK1 towards its 43 target promoters. The SA-induced nuclear-targeted SIB1 appears to counteractively 44 interact with GLK1/2, leading to the activation of EX1-mediated 1 O 2 signaling. Taken 45 together, we provide a working model that SIB1 and LSD1, mutually exclusive SA-46 signaling components, antagonistically regulate GLK1/2 to fine-tune the expression of 47 PhANGs, thereby modulating 1 O 2 homeostasis and related stress responses.
Effects of permeability fields on fluid, heat, and oxygen isotope transport in extensional detachment systems

Field studies of Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes indicate that meteoric fluids permeated the upper crust down to the detachment shear zone and interacted with highly deformed and recrystallized (mylonitic) rocks. The presence of fluids in the brittle/ductile transition zone is recorded in the oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope compositions of the mylonites and may play an important role in the thermomechanical evolution of the detachment shear zone. Geochemical data show that fluid flow in the brittle upper crust is primarily controlled by the large‐scale fault‐zone architecture. We conduct continuum‐scale (i.e., large‐scale, partial bounce‐back) lattice‐Boltzman fluid, heat, and oxygen isotope transport simulations of an idealized cross section of a metamorphic core complex. The simulations investigate the effects of crust and fault permeability fields as well as buoyancy‐driven flow on two‐way coupled fluid and heat transfer and resultant exchange of oxygen isotopes between meteoric fluid and rock. Results show that fluid migration to middle to lower crustal levels is fault controlled and depends primarily on the permeability contrast between the fault zone and the crustal rocks. High fault/crust permeability ratios lead to channelized flow in the fault and shear zones, while lower ratios allow leakage of the fluids from the fault into the crust. Buoyancy affects mainly flow patterns (more upward directed) and, to a lesser extent, temperature distributions (disturbance of the geothermal field by ~25°C). Channelized fluid flow in the shear zone leads to strong vertical and horizontal thermal gradients, comparable to field observations. The oxygen isotope results show δ18O depletion concentrated along the fault and shear zones, similar to field data.
Whole genome comparison of a large collection of mycobacteriophages reveals a continuum of phage genetic diversity

The bacteriophage population is large, dynamic, ancient, and genetically diverse. Limited genomic information shows that phage genomes are mosaic, and the genetic architecture of phage populations remains ill-defined. To understand the population structure of phages infecting a single host strain, we isolated, sequenced, and compared 627 phages of Mycobacterium smegmatis. Their genetic diversity is considerable, and there are 28 distinct genomic types (clusters) with related nucleotide sequences. However, amino acid sequence comparisons show pervasive genomic mosaicism, and quantification of inter-cluster and intra-cluster relatedness reveals a continuum of genetic diversity, albeit with uneven representation of different phages. Furthermore, rarefaction analysis shows that the mycobacteriophage population is not closed, and there is a constant influx of genes from other sources. Phage isolation and analysis was performed by a large consortium of academic institutions, illustrating the substantial benefits of a disseminated, structured program involving large numbers of freshman undergraduates in scientific discovery. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.06416. 001
University of Dundee Investigating the addition of collagen and its integrin binding sequence (RGD) to glass polyalkenoate; in terms of material and cellular properties to explore a more biocompatible method of root caries restoration

Placement of a restoration to treat root caries disrupts many tissues. There is scope for the restorative material to interact with these to augment reductions in micro leakage afforded by an adhesive restorative material. Objectives – 1) To investigate the effects of incorporating bioactive molecules into a glass polyalkenoate (GPA) 2) To quantify the changes in physical properties of the material. Methods Biocompatibility of the GPA cement (Chemfil Superior, Dentsply De Trey, Konstanz, Germany) in unmodified and modified forms was ascertained using cell culture techniques. The optimum concentration of bioactive components required to promote cell attachment was determined indirectly by quantification and localisation of the fibroblast marker vimentin. The properties of surface hardness, compressive strength and adhesive bond strength were also determined prior to and following addition of the bio-additives: collagen type I and a pentapeptide containing Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD). Results Addition of Type I Collagen (100 μg/ml) and RGD (5 mg/ml) to ChemFil Superior had no statistically significant effect upon the compressive strength and bond strength to bovine enamel but significantly (P < 0.05) increased the materials shore hardness. The addition of RGD to ChemFil Superior increased most the expression of vimentin, indicating that the cells had become more fibroblastic. This may be indicative of increased synthesis of extracellular matrix macromolecules with the potential to foster adhesion of the modified glass polyalkenoate to distracted gingival tissues. Conclusions -The results suggest that addition of bioactive molecules to GPA cement for subgingival restorations has potential clinical applications.
Prevalence of Doctor-Diagnosed Arthritis and Arthritis-Attributable Activity Limitation — United States, 2010–2012

Arthritis is the most common cause of disability among U.S. adults and is particularly common among persons with multiple chronic conditions. In 2003, arthritis in the United States resulted in an estimated $128 billion in medical-care costs and lost earnings. To update previous U.S. estimates of the prevalence of doctor-diagnosed arthritis and arthritis-attributable activity limitation (AAAL), CDC analyzed 2010-2012 data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that 52.5 million (22.7%) of adults aged ≥18 years had self-reported doctor-diagnosed arthritis, and 22.7 million (9.8%, or 43.2% of those with arthritis) reported AAAL, matching and exceeding previous projected increases, respectively. Among persons with heart disease, diabetes, and obesity, the prevalences of doctor-diagnosed arthritis were 49.0%, 47.3%, and 31.2%, respectively; the prevalences of AAAL among persons with these specific conditions were 26.8%, 25.7%, and 15.2%, respectively. Greater use of evidence-based interventions, such as chronic disease self-management education and physical activity interventions that have been proven to reduce pain and improve quality-of-life among adults with chronic diseases might help reduce the personal and societal burden of arthritis.
Geometric Variational Models for Inverse Problems in Imaging

Keywords: Variational methods ; image segmentation ; image reconstruction ; shape-from-shading ; minimization These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 5785 (2013)Programme doctoral Genie electriqueFaculte des sciences et techniques de l'ingenieurInstitut de genie electrique et electroniqueLaboratoire de traitement des signaux 5Jury: P. Frossard (president), T. Pock, P. Vandergheynst, L. Vese Public defense: 2013-7-11 Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-5785Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2013-07-01, modified on 2017-05-10
Direct and indirect relationships between parental personality and externalising behaviour

Although the impact of parent characteristics and parenting practices on the development of behavioural problems in childhood is often recognised, only a few research programmes have assessed the unique contributions of negative parenting as well as the parent personality characteristics in the same study. Using the Five Factor Model, we examined the extent to which mothers’ and father’s personality characteristics were related to parenting and children’s externalising behaviour in a proportional stratified sample of 599 nonclinical elementary school-aged children. Path analysis indicated that negative parenting practices and parents personality characteristics operate together to predict children’s externalising problem behaviour. Consistent with past research (Patterson & Dishion, 1988; Patterson, Reid, & Dishion, 1992), parent personality traits were indirectly related to children’s externalising problem behaviour. Their effect was mediated by negative parenting practices. But in addition and in contrast to Patterson’s theoretical model, parent personality traits also contributed directly to children’s externalising problem behaviour. For the mother data, as well as for the father data, the personality dimensions Emotional Stability and Conscientiousness were negatively and Autonomy was positively related to children’s externalising problem behaviours.