Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dependable and reliable cloud‐based architectures for vehicular communications: A systematic literature review

Traffic congestion, air pollution, fuel wastage, and car accidents are all exacerbated by increased traffic. Thus, vehicular communications, which refer to information transmission between cars, pedestrians, and infrastructures, have lately gained popularity and been extensively explored due to their enormous potential to enable intelligent transportation and various safety applications. Manually piloted cars and automated vehicles can acquire relevant information via vehicular communications to enhance traffic security and boost entertainment services. The basic concept of automobile clouds was originally published in the literature not long ago, and several suggested structural approaches have been presented in this study thus far. Several academics have concentrated on the structural layout to address various problems and, as a result, satisfy user expectations in order to give dependable services. We examined various vehicular cloud topologies in this study. We also offered a complete summary of current network layer research on allowing efficient vehicle communications and examined specific security, architectural, and reliability concerns in vehicular clouds. Also, the taxonomy of vehicular networks was discussed in terms of the service link between vehicular networks and cloud computing. Ultimately, we discussed the research prospects available. The results showed that security and privacy challenges are among the most important challenges.
Two-dimensional image recovery in intensity interferometry using the Cauchy-Riemann relations

Intensity interferometry utilizes measurements of the squared-magnitude of the Fourier transform of an object using relatively simple, phase-insensitive hardware, and therefore holds the promise of extremely high spatial resolution in astronomy and various branches of physics. However, this promise has not been realized due to signal-noise-ratio (SNR) issues and due to the maturity of image recovery algorithms. To recover an image, the phase of the Fourier transform must be determined in addition to its magnitude. In a recent paper, relatively good one-dimensional (1-D) image recoveries were obtained with a fast non-iterative algorithm utilizing the Cauchy-Riemann relations and a mild constraint on the symmetry of the object. In this paper, the approach is extended to two spatial dimensions by combining multiple 1-D reconstructions, and ensuring mutual consistency between 1-D slices. Mutual consistency is enforced using several different approaches, including phase retrieval. This use of the Cauchy-Riemann approach combined with imposition of mutual consistency is found to reduce noise sensitivity significantly. Three approaches are evaluated for image quality for different objects using sparse Fourier-plane sampling, showing good reconstruction of images at SNR's as low as 7 at the origin in the Fourier plane (and thus even lower SNR's at higher angular frequencies).
Workload portfolio optimization for virtualized computer systems based on semiparametric quantile function estimation

Summary. The latest technologies of server virtualization allow multiple computer workloads to share the same physical system dynamically while protecting them from interference from each other. Consolidation of workloads from stand‐alone systems into virtualized systems requires accurate capacity sizing and optimal portfolio design to maximize the benefit of virtualization. This requirement often translates into a demand for accurate estimation of high quantiles from a limited amount of data for hundreds of workloads with diverse statistical characteristics. To deal with the problem, a semiparametric method of quantile function estimation is considered. The method employs the generalized Pareto distribution to model the high quantiles that exceed a certain threshold and retains the sample quantiles below the threshold. An automatic procedure is proposed for adaptive threshold and estimator selection and for adaptive data trimming. A simulation study shows that the procedure proposed is superior to the non‐parametric sample quantile method for a variety of distributions. The procedure is applied to a portfolio optimization problem for computer workload consolidation with real data.
Numerical Analysis of Nozzle Material Thermochemical Erosion in Hybrid Rocket Engines

Ablative materials are commonly used to protect the nozzle metallic housing and to provide the internal contour to expand the exhaust gases in both solid and hybrid rockets. Because of interaction with hot gas, these materials are chemically eroded during rocket firing, with a resulting nominal performance reduction. The objective of the present work is to study the erosion behavior of graphite nozzles in hybrid engines at different operating conditions and compare results with those obtained for solid motors. A main distinctive feature of hybrid engine operating conditions is, in fact, a greater concentration of oxygen-containing combustion products than solid motors. The adopted approach relies on a validated full Navier–Stokes flow solver coupled with a thermochemical ablation model that takes into account heterogeneous chemical reactions at the nozzle surface, rate of diffusion of the species through the boundary layer, ablation species injection in the boundary layer, heat conduction inside the nozzl.
Micromechanical Actuators for Insect Flight Mechanics

This project aims to develop MEMS actuators to aid in the study of insect flight mechanics. Specifically, we are developing actuators that can stimulate the antennae of the crepuscular hawk moth Manduca Sexta. The possible mechanosensory function of antennae as airflow sensors has been suggested [1], and recent discoveries of our collaborators reveal that mechanosensory input from the antennae of flying moths serves a similar role to that of the hind wings of two-winged insects, detecting Coriolis forces and thereby mediating flight stability during maneuvers [2]. Early evidence suggests that mechanical stimulus of the antennae may enable flight control. In addition, the crepuscular hawk moth Manduca Sexta has a wide wingspan (~110 mm) and is capable of carrying at least one quarter of its own weight. Thus, studying the flight of M. Sexta by attachment of microsystems seems plausible. The goal of our project is to design and fabricate micromechanical actuators, which will be mounted onto the moth antennae (Figure 1). Our collaborators will study the flight control mechanism by mechanical stimulation. Our first step is to fabricate “dummy” silicon rings for our biologist collaborators for implant experiments. The diameters along the antenna vary from tip to base, being thickest in the middle. As a result, in order to prevent the ring’s being thrown off, the mounting of the silicon ring onto the base cannot be as simple as pushing it from the tip with a large inner hole. On the other hand, the sizes of the antennae vary from moth to moth. Two-piece construction was designed and fabricated to be like a “zip strip” to meet the mounting requirements (Figure 2). Future work will focus on refining the design and fabrication of the mounting kit and integrating actuators into it. To generate adequate displacement, strain amplification will be needed, such as reported by Conway, et al. [3].
Effects of environmental factors on the ecology and survival of a widespread, endemic Cerrado frog

Understanding the mechanisms that affect habitat use by vertebrates is critical for understanding how species are distributed across landscapes and how they cope with habitat change. The Brazilian Savanna (the Cerrado) has vegetation ranging from grassland to woodland savannas and harbors a rich and diverse amphibian fauna impacted by accelerated habitat loss. Here, we test the influence of vegetation type (from grassy scrubland to woodland) and distance from breeding sites (ephemeral water bodies) on body size, abundance, and survival of the frog Physalaemus nattereri in a natural metapopulation system of south‐central Brazil. We also test whether body size is a significant predictor of population abundance. We found that the abundance of P. nattereri varies according to the mean snout–vent length of each metapopulation (sampling unit), as well as a higher estimated mortality rate in woodlands compared with typical Cerrado. Furthermore, we found no difference in estimated mortality among sampling units located far or close to ephemeral water bodies. Thus, our results highlight variable responses of P. nattereri metapopulations to environmental factors, despite the observed high heterogeneity among sampled habitats and the importance of ephemeral water bodies for reproduction. These findings highlight that land cover and availability of breeding sites might not always interact to explain population persistence of Cerrado frogs.
What a neurologist must know of hereditary ATTRv amyloidosis

Transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis (ATTR) is a systemic disease result of an autosomal dominant mutation in the transthyretin (TTR) gene. This mutation will cause the deposition of misfolded TTR protein in several organs, leading to its dysfunction. The disease has been described worldwide, although it is still considered rare. It has a region-dependent genotype-phenotype correlation. Cardiomyopathy and a symmetric length-dependent sensory-motor and autonomic polyneurop-athy are the hallmark manifestations. However, in non-endemic areas, the diagnosis will challenge the neurologist because some systemic manifestations are usually attributed to more common disorders. Therefore, in the approach of a patient with polyneuropathy, the presence of family history, early autonomic dysfunction (cardiovascular, genitourinary, or gastrointestinal features), cardiac involvement, and inexplicable weight loss should be considered red flags that point toward ATTR. After diagnosis, the goal will always be to have a multidisciplinary approach, including a complete neurologic, autonomic, and cardiologic assessment, to establish a short-and long-term strategy for treatment, including symptomatic and disease-modifying medications that are now available. In that way, the increased awareness among specialists will positively impact the patient quality of life and survival by accomplishing an earlier diagnosis and treatment.
Efficiency limits of quantum well solar cells

The quantum well solar cell (QWSC) has been proposed as a flexible means to ensuring current matching for tandem cells. This paper explores the further advantage afforded by the indication that QWSCs operate in the radiative limit because radiative contribution to the dark current is seen to dominate in experimental data at biases corresponding to operation under concentration. The dark currents of QWSCs are analysed in terms of a light and dark current model. The model calculates the spectral response (QE) from field bearing regions and charge neutral layers and from the quantum wells by calculating the confined densities of states and absorption coefficient, and solving transport equations analytically. The total dark current is expressed as the sum of depletion layer and charge neutral radiative and non radiative currents consistent with parameter values extracted from QE fits to data. The depletion layer dark current is a sum of Shockley-Read-Hall non radiative, and radiative contributions. The charge neutral region contribution is expressed in terms of the ideal Shockley radiative and non-radiative currents modified to include surface recombination. This analysis shows that the QWSC is inherently subject to the fundamental radiative efficiency limit at high currents where the radiative dark current dominates, whereas good homojunction cells are well described by the ideal Shockley picture where the limit is determined by radiative and non radiative recombination in the charge neutral layers of the cell.
Intuitionistic fuzzy automata based on complete residuated lattice-valued logic

This paper introduces a new fundamental theory of intuitionistic fuzzy automata based on complete residuated lattice-valued logic. First it deals with the extension for the intuitionistic fuzzy transition relation of states and particularly presents a characterisation of complete residuated lattice by L valued intuitionistic fuzzy automata. Afterwards, intuitionistic fuzzy subautomata, successor and source operators are proposed, and some of their basic properties and equivalent relations are also studied.
Lagrange programming neural networks

A class of neural networks appropriate for general nonlinear programming, i.e., problems including both equality and inequality constraints, is analyzed in detail. The methodology is based on the Lagrange multiplier theory in optimization and seeks to provide solutions satisfying the necessary conditions of optimality. The equilibrium point of the network satisfies the Kuhn-Tucker condition for the problem. No explicit restriction is imposed on the form of the cost function apart from some general regularity and convexity conditions. The stability of the neural networks is analyzed in detail. The transient behavior of the network is simulated and the validity of the approach is verified for a practical problem, maximum entropy image restoration. >
New Experimental Limit on the Spatial Anisotropy for Polarized Electrons

Is our laboratory in an isotropic state for spin states? For example, motion of the earth through the cosmic neutrino background would produce a term of the form gσ · v in the energy of an electron. Certain kinds of vacuum states have this effect on electrons too. To search for such a term or a term like g′σ · n where n is a particular direction in the universe, we use a torsion pendulum carrying a transversely spin-polarized ferrimagnetic Dy-Fe mass which exhibit orbital compensation of the electron intrinsic spin magnetic moments. With this magnetic compensated mass, pure-Fe and µ-metal shields reduced magnetic torques to a good extent. The searched terms would produce a sinusoidal oscillation of the pendulum with a period of one sidereal day. We have not detected such an oscillation. Analysis of our experimental results gives a limit 3.5×10−18eV for the splitting of the spin states of an electron at rest on the Earth. Compared to previous results, this is an improvement of more than a factor of 2.
Observing GRB host galaxies with the integral field unit of X-shooter

Using the integral field unit of X-shooter at VLT, we have recovered the first velocity fields of GRB host galaxies at redshift <0.6. This facility is able to recover not only the velocity fields from almost all emission lines thanks to an unrivaled wavelength coverage, but also to recover maps of physical properties. We present the preliminary analysis of X-shooter/IFU observations dedicated to the study of GRB host galaxies undertaken in the frame of the Italian-French GTO program. Our goal is to understand the physical processes at the origin of the GRB by analyzing in detail the spatial distributions of the kinematics, metallicities, extinction, star-formation, and how they are inter-related (© 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Effect of Climate Change on the Variability of the Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Polar Vortex

AbstractWith extreme variability of the Arctic polar vortex being a key link for stratosphere–troposphere influences, its evolution into the twenty-first century is important for projections of changing surface climate in response to greenhouse gases. Variability of the stratospheric vortex is examined using a state-of-the-art climate model and a suite of specifically developed vortex diagnostics. The model has a fully coupled ocean and a fully resolved stratosphere. Analysis of the standard stratospheric zonal mean wind diagnostic shows no significant increase over the twenty-first century in the number of major sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) from its historical value of 0.7 events per decade, although the monthly distribution of SSWs does vary, with events becoming more evenly dispersed throughout the winter. However, further analyses using geometric-based vortex diagnostics show that the vortex mean state becomes weaker, and the vortex centroid is climatologically more equatorward by up to 2.5°, .
Localization of the wideband sources with estimation of the antenna shape

The purpose of this paper is the passive angular location of the wideband sources using an array of sensors. The interest of the knowledge of the antenna shape, when the treatment is applied on the received data, is illustrated by the improvement of the signal to noise ratio and the increase in antenna directivity. In this paper, the extension of the propagator method is presented: an algebraic operator is extracted from the cross-spectral matrices of the data or from the received signals. This technique avoids the rather expensive eigendecomposition of cross-spectral matrices at each frequency of the analysis bandwidth used in the known methods. The results of simulations support the theoretical predictions.
Roughness classification detection of Swin-Transformer model based on the multi-angle and convertible image environment

ABSTRACT Current machine vision methods for surface measurement rely excessively on feature design to quantify surface morphology and build predictive models, but metric design suffers from human intervention, and data acquisition is heavily dependent on light source environment and shooting angle. This paper uses the Swin-Transformer model to evaluate and classify roughness directly on colour images of milled samples acquired in a convertible image environment. The images used in the experiment are taken in a completely dark environment and in an environment disturbed by light sources, such as LED energy-saving lamps during the day. By using two kinds of lenses and combining custom light sources and ordinary light sources, respectively, and for different angles, it deeply simulates the environment of online inspection of industrial production. The roughness classification results prove that the method has very good robustness to light source environment and shooting angle, avoiding the artificial design and extraction of image features. The accuracy of the validation set of samples can reach 98.94%, while the accuracy of the test set can reach 97.54%. To wrap it up, the method provides an optimised strategy for visual roughness measurement in industrial production.
The Pulsational Mode in the Presence of Dust Charge Fluctuations

The pulsational mode of gravitational collapse of a dusty plasma is studied in the present work. We find that the grain charge fluctuation defines a parameter regime in which pulsational mode of gravitational collapse (PMGC), which is a consequence of the gravito-electrostatic coupling, is permitted, and outside such a parameter regime, usual Jeans mode ensues. Therefore, grain charge fluctuations may play an important role in deciding which of the two modes, namely PMGC or usual Jeans instability of a collapsing cloud will be important. We find that the growth rate of Jeans instability is not very sensitive to the grain charge fluctuations.
Mixed effects smoothing spline analysis of variance

We propose a general family of nonparametric mixed effects models. Smoothing splines are used to model the fixed effects and are estimated by maximizing the penalized likelihood function. The random effects are generic and are modelled parametrically by assuming that the covariance function depends on a parsimonious set of parameters. These parameters and the smoothing parameter are estimated simultaneously by the generalized maximum likelihood method. We derive a connection between a nonparametric mixed effects model and a linear mixed effects model. This connection suggests a way of fitting a nonparametric mixed effects model by using existing programs. The classical two‐way mixed models and growth curve models are used as examples to demonstrate how to use smoothing spline analysis‐of‐variance decompositions to build nonparametric mixed effects models. Similarly to the classical analysis of variance, components of these nonparametric mixed effects models can be interpreted as main effects and interactions. The penalized likelihood estimates of the fixed effects in a two‐way mixed model are extensions of James–Stein shrinkage estimates to correlated observations. In an example three nested nonparametric mixed effects models are fitted to a longitudinal data set.
The Post-Exercise Lower Limbs Recovery Process: A Questionnaire Applied To Physiotherapists

Physical exercise is essential to improve quality of life, with muscle recovery after exercise being crucial since it reduces the delayed sensation of muscle discomfort and fatigue. The present study aims to identify the methods used by physiotherapists to recover sports practitioners after physical exercise and presents a non-experimental, quantitative and descriptive nature. Fifty-two physiotherapists (52% women), with 9.8 ± 7.3 years of experience and different sports backgrounds, were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire that consisted of (1) participant demographics, (2) recovery wearable sports garment, and (3) development of a new product for muscle recovery. Physiotherapists reported that sports practitioners use legging-like garments during training (n=22), after training (n=19), while some physiotherapists were not aware if their athletes use any legging-like garment (n=17). The common characteristics of the garments are the compression (56%), heating (34%) and, in some cases, massage (6%) and printed electronic devices (4%). Physiotherapists mention that sports practitioners usually report lower limbs localized muscle fatigue after training or competition (90%), and the most affected areas are the entire lower limb (n=12), quadriceps (n=9) and hamstring and glutes (n=7 each). The most common therapy used is massage (n=12), followed by electrostimulation (n=8) and compression (n=5). Physiotherapists believe that electrostimulation should be used to recover quadriceps, hamstrings and the whole lower limb, and localized heating should be centered in the entire lower limb, hamstrings and quadriceps (in number of answers). Alternatively, massage is better to recover the whole lower limb, gastrocnemius, and hamstrings. When asked what characteristics the garment should have, physiotherapists reported that comfort (n=44), breathability (n=37) and ease of care and cleaning are vital.
Coordinated operation of fuzzy‐based TCSC and SMES for low‐frequency oscillation damping in interconnected power systems

Modern power networks are enormously complex and frequently interconnected by weak tie‐lines, which results in a variety of stability issues such as low frequency oscillations (LFOs). LFOs can have a negative impact on power system stability and tie‐line transmission capacity, resulting in catastrophic blackouts if suitable damping control mechanisms are not in situ. This article demonstrates a robust design of damping control for inter‐area LFO damping in an interconnected power system. A new comprehensive approach is presented, which integrates the thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) and superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) to improve the damping of critical inter‐area modes. An intelligently designed fuzzy logic control (FLC) employing a global stabilizing feedback signal constitutes the supervisory controller. The stabilizing feedback signal is obtained based on the observability of critical modes using participation factor (PF) analysis. Moreover, a maiden application of a recently proposed optimization algorithm, K‐means optimizer (KO), is employed to simultaneously tune the parameters of FLC employed for coordinated operation of SMES and TCSC. To validate the robustness of the proposed scheme, several case studies are performed on Kundur's two‐area multi‐machine test system. A comparison with a residue‐based damping controller was also done to demonstrate the superior damping efficacy of the proposed KOFLC controller.