Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emergence from general anaesthesia and evolution of delirium signs in the post-anaesthesia care unit.

BACKGROUND Emergence from anaesthesia is often accompanied by signs of delirium, including fluctuating mental status and inattention. The evolution of these signs of delirium requires investigation since delirium in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) may be associated with worse outcomes. METHODS Adult patients emerging from anaesthesia were assessed for agitated emergence in the operating room using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS). The Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit was then used to evaluate delirium signs at PACU admission and during PACU stay at 30 min, 1 h, and discharge. Signs consistent with delirium were classified as hyperactive vs hypoactive based upon a positive CAM-ICU assessment and the concomitant RASS score. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to assess potential risk factors for delirium during PACU stay including age, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification, and opioid and benzodiazepine exposure. RESULTS Among 400 patients enrolled, 19% had agitated emergence. Delirium signs were present at PACU admission, 30 min, 1 h, and PACU discharge in 124 (31%), 59 (15%), 32 (8%), and 15 (4%) patients, respectively. In patients with delirium signs, hypoactive signs were present in 56% at PACU admission and in 92% during PACU stay. Perioperative opioids were associated with delirium signs during PACU stay (P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of patients develop delirium signs in the immediate postoperative period, primarily manifesting with a hypoactive subtype. These signs often persist to PACU discharge, suggesting the need for structured delirium monitoring in the PACU to identify patients potentially at risk for worse outcomes in the postoperative period.
Co-Crystallization and Polymorphism of Naturally Occurring Peptide Derivatives

Carnosine is a dipeptide compound that is found in many dietary supplements and food products. Carnosine has many functions in the body, such as alleviating oxidative stress on tissues by acting as an antioxidant compound. Carnosine, therefore, has important anti-aging properties. Carnosine is also capable of forming protective sequestration structures around heavy metal ions; this process of chelating metals ions in solutions is very beneficial for maintaining the wellbeing of cells in the body. Thus, carnosine could be useful in pharmaceutical products for creating anti-aging drugs that would reduce tissue stress and promote a healthy cellular environment. I attempted to co-crystallize carnosine with four polycarboxylated aromatic acids
Unmet Information Needs and Quality of Life in Young Breast Cancer Survivors in Japan

Background: Young breast cancer survivors have specific needs related to age. Clarifying the relationships between unmet information needs and quality of life (QOL) in young breast cancer survivors can contribute to constructing a support system to enhance QOL in patients. Objective: This study aimed to identify the unmet information needs and examine the relationships between unmet information needs and QOL in young breast cancer survivors in Japan. Methods: Participants completed an information needs questionnaire containing 26 items, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument–Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF), and a demographic and medical information questionnaire. Results: Fifty participants (30.7%) were unsatisfied with “overall communication with medical professionals. ” The mean scores on all subscales of the WHOQOL-BREF of the participants who were satisfied with “overall communication with medical professionals” were significantly higher than those of the unsatisfied group. “follow-up tests,” “treatment for recurrence of breast cancer,” “strategies about communication with medical staff,” and “nutrition” were significantly related with all subscales in the WHOQOL-BREF. “Secondary menopause caused by hormonal therapy” was significantly related with physical and psychological health. Conclusions: Japanese young breast cancer survivors have unmet information needs, including age-specific issues. These unmet information needs are related to QOL. In particular, “overall communication with medical professionals,” which is the most unmet information need, is related to QOL. Implications for Practice: Oncology nurses should teach patients communication skills, provide adequate information, and provide education and emotional support to medical professionals to improve QOL in young breast cancer survivors.
Design, Development, and Evaluation of a University-wide Expert Search Engine

This research presents a search engine for finding experts within Tilburg University. Using resources currently available within the university, we build an index and optimise expert retrieval through system-centred evaluation by testing various information retrieval methods and expert ranking algorithms. Subsequently, realistic relevance judgments are elicited from Tilburg University researchers (candidate experts) and used to verify our findings. Finally, users are involved to benchmark the expert search engine against the information sources currently provided by the university. Results show that the expert search engine performs significantly better than the traditional systems and that satisfaction of users as well as Tilburg University researchers with the expert search engine is high. iii MANAGEMENT SUMMARY The ability to rapidly find people that are knowledgeable on a particular topic (expert finding) can lead to significant organisational efficiency and effectiveness gains. The goal of this research is to design, develop, and evaluate a university-wide expert and thesis supervisor search engine for Tilburg University. The search engine should outperform the current information sources available within Tilburg University that can be used for expert finding. In addition, researchers (candidate experts) as well as users should be satisfied with the performance of the expert search engine. Evidence for expert finding systems can be content-based, interaction-based, or activity-based. The content-based approach resembles the traditional information retrieval approach: starting with an information need, relevant documents are retrieved. Those documents are typically associated with one or more experts. Information retrieval systems require a collection of documents to be indexed. Before documents can be indexed, they need to be pre-processed using techniques such as tokenisation, stemming and stop word removal. There are different approaches to information retrieval. Boolean queries retrieve an unordered set of documents. In vector space models, the importance of a term in a document is weighted to allow the documents to be ranked by relevance. More formal and probabilistic approaches include the inference network model, which is based on Bayesian networks, and language modelling, in which a document weighted by the likelihood that the document generates the query terms. The Indri retrieval model, on which our expert search engine is based, combines the last two methods. In a document-centric approach to expert finding, documents are retrieved from a query and then associated with experts. In a candidate-centric approach, each expert is represented by a profile document that is constructed from the expertise evidence associated with that expert. The two …
International Conference on Engineering Education Developing an Advanced It-based Visualization Classroom for Enhanced Engineering Learning Authors

— Interactive learning, critical thinking, creative problem-solving and problem-based learning are all critical elements to enhancing engineering education. Visualization can provide the much needed computer-assisted design and analysis environment to foster problem-based learning, while Virtual Reality (VR) can provide the environment for hands-on manipulation, stimulating interactive learning in the engineering classroom. At the University of California, Irvine a new interactive learning environment, termed VizClass, is being developed. VizClass incorporates a specially designed lecture room and laboratory integrating both 2-and 3-dimensional spatial learning by coupling a series of interactive projection display boards (touch sensitive white boards) and a semi-immersive 3D wall display. The use of VizClass, and the accompanying pedagogical and curricular innovation, will allow for the redesign of existing engineering courses, the development of new courses, and the integration of courses and curriculum across engineering disciplines. Test bed verification of VizClass is targeted towards finite element methods applicable to civil and structural engineering problem solving at the graduate education level. Different pre-and post-processing tools are being developed for an open source finite element software package to assist in smoothly integrating basic visualization concepts into the numerical analysis process. This paper will describe the hardware architecture designed for this new environment as well as the initial visualization framework to be integrated with an open source object-oriented general finite element platform. Example numerical analysis results from a representative model building structure are described, illustrating the integration of simple visual paradigms to provide an enhanced understanding of the physical model. Index Terms  Educational environments, human-computer interaction visualization, and display technologies.
Advanced Receiver Structures For Vehicular Communications

Being a derivative of the famous IEEE 802.11 family of standards [1], which was originally targeted at indoor wireless communication, the IEEE 802.11p amendment for vehicular communication [2] still bears certain assumptions about the wireless channel which do not apply for vehicular scenarios. As IEEE standardization is finished, international harmonization of local standards is already on the way and compatibility is a key aspect. The development of more advanced receiver structures, meeting the unique challenges in vehicular communications, is an important task.
Determinants of the Degree of Functional Mitral Regurgitation in Patients With Systolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction: A Quantitative Clinical Study

BackgroundFunctional mitral regurgitation (FMR) occurs with a structurally normal valve as a complication of systolic left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). Determinants of degree of FMR are poorly defined; thus, mechanistic therapeutic approaches to FMR are hindered. Methods and ResultsIn a prospective study of 21 control subjects and 128 patients with LVD (defined as ejection fraction <50%, mean 31±9%) in sinus rhythm, we quantified simultaneously by echocardiography the effective regurgitant orifice (ERO) of FMR by using 2 methods: mitral deformation (valve and annulus) and left ventricular (LV) global (volumes, stress, function, and sphericity) and local (papillary muscle displacements and regional wall motion index) remodeling. A wide range of ERO (15±14 mm2, 0 to 87 mm2) was observed, unrelated to ejection fraction (P =0.32). The major determinant of ERO was mitral deformation, ie, systolic valvular tenting and annular contraction in univariate (r =0.74 and r =−0.61, respectively; both P <0.0001) and multivariate (both P <0.0001) analyses, independent of global LV remodeling. Systolic valvular tenting was strongly determined by local LV alterations, particularly apical (r =0.75) and posterior (r =0.70) displacement of papillary muscle, with confirmation in multivariate analysis (both P <0.0001), independent of LV volumes, function, and sphericity. ConclusionsThe presence and degree of FMR complicating LVD are unrelated to the severity of LVD. Local LV remodeling (apical and posterior displacement of papillary muscles) leads to excess valvular tenting independent of global LV remodeling. In turn, excess tenting and loss of systolic annular contraction are associated with larger EROs. These determinants of FMR warrant consideration for specific approaches to the treatment of FMR complicating LVD.
Is the dark halo of our Galaxy spherical

It has been recently claimed that the confined structure of the debris from the Sagittarius dwarf implies that the dark matter halo of our Galaxy should be nearly spherical, in strong contrast with predictions from cold dark matter simulations, where dark haloes are found to have typical density axis ratios of 0.6-0.8. In this paper, numerical simulations are used to show that the Sagittarius streams discovered thus far are too young dynamically to be sensitive to the shape of the dark halo of the Milky Way. The data presently available are entirely consistent with a Galactic dark matter halo that could be either oblate or prolate, with minor-to-major density axis ratios as low as 0.6 within the region probed by the orbit of the Sagittarius dwarf.
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Source Attribution and Interannual Variability of Arctic Pollution in Spring Constrained by Aircraft (arctas, Arcpac) and Satellite (airs) Observations of Carbon Monoxide

We use aircraft observations of carbon monoxide (CO) from the NASA ARCTAS and NOAA ARCPAC campaigns in April 2008 together with multiyear (2003– 2008) CO satellite data from the AIRS instrument and a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to better understand the sources, transport, and interannual variability of pollution in the Arctic in spring. Model simulation of the aircraft data gives best estimates of CO emissions in April 2008 of 26 Tg month −1 for Asian anthropogenic, 9.4 for European anthropogenic, 4.1 for North American anthro-pogenic, 15 for Russian biomass burning (anomalously large that year), and 23 for Southeast Asian biomass burning. We find that Asian anthropogenic emissions are the dominant source of Arctic CO pollution everywhere except in surface air where European anthropogenic emissions are of similar importance. Russian biomass burning makes little contribution to mean CO (reflecting the long CO lifetime) but makes a large contribution to CO variability in the form of combustion plumes. Analysis of two pollution events sampled by the aircraft demonstrates that AIRS can successfully observe pollution transport to the Arctic in the mid-troposphere. The 2003–2008 record of CO from AIRS shows that interan-nual variability averaged over the Arctic cap is very small. AIRS CO columns over Alaska are highly correlated with the Ocean Niño Index, suggesting a link between El Niño and Asian pollution transport to the Arctic. AIRS shows lower-than-average CO columns over Alaska during April 2008, despite the Russian fires, due to a weakened Aleutian Low hindering transport from Asia and associated with the moderate 2007–2008 La Niña. This suggests that Asian pollution influence over the Arctic may be particularly large under strong El Niño conditions.
Rapid Effects of Marine Reserves via Larval Dispersal

Marine reserves have been advocated worldwide as conservation and fishery management tools. It is argued that they can protect ecosystems and also benefit fisheries via density-dependent spillover of adults and enhanced larval dispersal into fishing areas. However, while evidence has shown that marine reserves can meet conservation targets, their effects on fisheries are less understood. In particular, the basic question of if and over what temporal and spatial scales reserves can benefit fished populations via larval dispersal remains unanswered. We tested predictions of a larval transport model for a marine reserve network in the Gulf of California, Mexico, via field oceanography and repeated density counts of recently settled juvenile commercial mollusks before and after reserve establishment. We show that local retention of larvae within a reserve network can take place with enhanced, but spatially-explicit, recruitment to local fisheries. Enhancement occurred rapidly (2 yrs), with up to a three-fold increase in density of juveniles found in fished areas at the downstream edge of the reserve network, but other fishing areas within the network were unaffected. These findings were consistent with our model predictions. Our findings underscore the potential benefits of protecting larval sources and show that enhancement in recruitment can be manifested rapidly. However, benefits can be markedly variable within a local seascape. Hence, effects of marine reserve networks, positive or negative, may be overlooked when only focusing on overall responses and not considering finer spatially-explicit responses within a reserve network and its adjacent fishing grounds. Our results therefore call for future research on marine reserves that addresses this variability in order to help frame appropriate scenarios for the spatial management scales of interest.
A novel technique for sketch to photo synthesis

We propose a novel pseudo photo generation system from a sketch image. All the training images and the input test sketch are warped around its mean shape to get shape free images. Based on local geometry preserving manifold learning method called locally linear embedding (LLE), a shape free pseudo-photo is synthesized by block matching. Then the photo of actual shape is constructed with the help of an Active Shape Model(ASM) and a neural network built on shape control point coordinate pair for training sketchphoto samples. We experimented over 300 sketch-photo image pairs and output synthesized photo for every test image is encouraging.
MSE uplink-downlink duality of MIMO systems under imperfect CSI

This paper addresses the mean square error (MSE) uplink/downlink duality for the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems where imperfect channel state information (CSI) is available at the base station (BS) and mobile stations (MSs). The channel is modeled by incorporating antenna correlation at the BS. In contrast to the perfect CSI case where instantaneous MSE duality is considered, the average mean square error (AMSE) duality is exploited. To show the application of our AMSE duality we consider the minimum mean square error (MMSE) transceiver design for the downlink multiuser MIMO systems. Our objective is to minimize the sum MSE constrained with a total BS power and provide robustness against channel uncertainties. In the uplink channel, the power allocation part of this problem is formulated as a geometric program (GP). Based on the solution of GP and the AMSE duality analysis, we propose an iterative algorithm that performs optimization alternatively between the uplink and the downlink channels. The convergence behavior of the proposed algorithm is studied. Computer simulations verify the robustness of the proposed design when compared to the non-robust/naive design.
O desenvolvimento do e-government na esfera local a partir de dimensões políticas, tecnológicas e sociais

Este artigo apresenta um modelo para identificar variáveis com grau de relevância para odesenvolvimento do e-government na esfera regional. Tem como propósitos contribuir para oentendimento do contexto local a partir de informações analíticas e auxiliar o planejamentodo e-government por gestores municipais. Também estimula o desenvolvimento regional,auxiliando servidores públicos a entender variáveis relevantes no contexto local, para aresolução de problemas sociais. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, foi utilizado o métodoquantitativo, com a participação de municípios do extremo sul do Brasil. Identificou-se que,na maioria dos municípios, o e-government ainda está em estágios iniciais, e a tecnologiade informação é utilizada basicamente como meio de comunicação. Também constatou-seque as variáveis infraestrutura tecnológica, recursos financeiros, população, orçamentomunicipal e taxa de analfabetismo têm se mostrado mais propensas a influenciar o estágiode maturidade do e-government.
Memoryless Control Design for Persistent Surveillance under Safety Constraints

This paper deals with the design of time-invariant memoryless control policies for robots that move in a finite two- dimensional lattice and are tasked with persistent surveillance of an area in which there are forbidden regions. We model each robot as a controlled Markov chain whose state comprises its position in the lattice and the direction of motion. The goal is to find the minimum number of robots and an associated time-invariant memoryless control policy that guarantees that the largest number of states are persistently surveilled without ever visiting a forbidden state. We propose a design method that relies on a finitely parametrized convex program inspired by entropy maximization principles. Numerical examples are provided.
N=1 and N=2 cosets from gauged supersymmetric WZW models

We present a derivation of the N=1 and N=2 superconformal coset constructions starting from a supersymmetric WZW model where a diagonal subgroup has been gauged. We work in the general framework of self-dual (not necessarily reductive) Lie algebras; but even in the reductive case these results are new. We show that the BRST cohomology of the gauged supersymmetric WZW model contains the N=1 (and if it exists also the N=2) coset generators. We also extend the BRST analysis to show that the BRST cohomology of the supersymmetric WZW model agrees with that of an ordinary bosonic WZW model (in a representation twisted by the presence of the coset fermions). In particular, in the case of the topological G/G coset, the supersymmetric and nonsupersymmetric theories agree.
Computer-aided diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation

Computer-aided diagnosis systems have been the focus of many research endeavors. They are based on the idea of processing and analyzing various types of input (such as patients medical history, physical examination results, images of different parts of the human body, etc.) to generate a quick and accurate diagnosis. In this work, we propose a system that follows the aforementioned approach to diagnose lumbar disk herniation from a top-down Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) spine view of the suspected region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to consider this type of images for the diagnosis of lumbar disk herniation. The proposed system consists of several stages that include image acquisition and annotation, Region Of Interest (ROI) extraction and enhancement, feature extraction, and classification. The experiments conducted to evaluate the system show that the system is quick and accurate making it a great aid in the diagnosis process as well as an invaluable platform for educational and research purposes.
Energy Efficiency in Virtualized Data Center

Industrial and academic communities have been trying to get more computational power out of their investments. Data centers have recently received huge attention due to its increased business value and achievable scalability on public/private clouds. Infra-structure and applications of modern data center is being virtualized to achieve energy efficient operation on servers. Despite of data center advantages on performance, there is a tradeoff between power and performance especially with cloud data centers. Today, these cloud application-based organizations are facing many energy related challenges. In this paper, through survey it has been analyzed how virtualization and networking related challenges affects energy efficiency of data center with suggested optimization strategies.
Challenges of Time-oriented Data in Visual Analytics for Healthcare

The visual exploration and analysis of time-oriented data in healthcare are important yet challenging tasks. This position paper presents six challenges for Visual Analytics in healthcare: (1) scale and complexity of time-oriented data, (2) intertwining patient condition with treatment processes, (3) scalable analysis from single patients to cohorts, (4) data quality and uncertainty, (5) interaction, user interfaces, and the role of users, and (6) evaluation. Furthermore, it portrays existing and future work by the authors tackling these challenges.