Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Image denoising model based on variational partial differential equation with double parameters

This paper presents an image denoising model based on Variational Partial differential equation with double parameters.Firstly,using the minimax principle of variational method,this paper proves that the double parameters model has an unique minimal value,then it gives the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equation.Secondly,According to the given discrete format of partial differential equation,it denoises some noise images.Comparing the results with Rudin,Osher and Fatemi model(ROF model),the results show that double parameters model in visual and kurtosis signal-to-noise ratio has better denoising effect.
Adaptive total variation model for image denoising with fast solving algorithm

This paper combined shock filter with anisotropic diffusion to preprocess the noisy images,and used the edge detection filters to choose the parameters adaptively based on the preprocessed images.Then introduced an adaptive total variation regularization model for image denoising based on the chosen parameters.The proposed model could keep the balance between noises smoothing and edges preserving adaptively.Furthermore,it proposed a fast iterative algorithm to solve the proposed adaptive model based on Bregman iteration regularization method.The numerical results show that the proposed model and fast algorithm can smooth the noises and preserve the edge and fine detail information properly with fast solving convergence rate,while the peak signal to noise ratio,mean structural similarity and subjective visual effect of the denoised images are improved obviously.
Thermoreversible In-Situ Ophthalmic Gelling System of Levofloxacin Hemihydrate: Formulation and Optimization by Factorial Design

In-situ gelling systems are viscous polymer-based liquids that exhibit sol-to-gel phase transition on the ocular surface due to change in a specific physico-chemical parameters like temperature, ionic strength, or pH. A major problem in ocular therapeutics is the attainment of optimal drug concentration at the site of action, which is compromised mainly due to pre-corneal loss resulting in only a small fraction of the drug being ocularly absorbed. The effective dose administered can be altered by increasing the retention time of medication into the eye by using in situ gel forming systems, thereby preventing the tear drainage. The aim of the present investigation is to prepare and evaluate novel Thermo-reversible ocular gelling systems of Levofloxacin Hemihydrate. These gelling systems involve the use of Poloxamer 407(Pluronic F 127) as thermo reversible polymer and HPMC K4M as viscofying agent. A 32 full factorial design has been applied with conc. of Poloxamer 407 and HPMC K4M as independent variables studied at three levels to study their influence on drug release and gelling capacity as dependent variables. The formulations were evaluated for clarity, pH measurement, gelling capacity, drug content estimation, rheological study, in vitro drug release and invivo studies in rabbit eye. The developed formulations showed sustained release of drug for upto 8 hrs. The formulations were found to be non-irritating with no ocular damage.
Output feedback control of a class of nonminimum‐phase nonlinear systems

The problem of global stabilization by output feedback is investigated in this paper for a class of nonminimum‐phase nonlinear systems. The system under consideration has a cascade configuration that consists of a driven system known as the inverse dynamics and a driving system. It is proved that although the zero dynamics may be unstable, there is an output feedback controller, globally stabilizing the nonminimum‐phase system if both driven and driving systems have a lower‐triangular form and satisfy a Lipschitz‐like condition, and the inverse dynamics satisfy a stronger version of input‐to‐state stabilizability condition. A design procedure is provided for the construction of an n‐dimensional dynamic output feedback compensator. Examples and simulations are also given to validate the effectiveness of the proposed output feedback controller. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the analytic hierarchy process with normalized interval weight vector

When a judgment matrix in the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is inconsistent, the weight vector deduced from it by traditional methods can only reflect an approximate sorting result. Sometimes the result may be even wrong. Aimed at this problem, the original AHP is extended by obtaining normalized interval weights which are more flexible than the old ones. Firstly a linear programming model is set up by which an interval weight vector of a judgment matrix can be achieved. Then on the basis of analyzing the possible errors in computing combined weights simply by interval operation, another linear programming model is built. By this model, from bottom to top the combined interval weight of the alternative relative to each criterion is gained. As a result, the solution is more rational. Finally an example is given.
RELATIONS BETWEEN PERIODS AND AMPLITUDES OF PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF X + G(X) EQUAL 0,

Abstract : The period of the periodic motion described by the equation in the title varies with its amplitude or amplitude of velocity. The problem studied in the present report is to find the relations between the period and the amplitude or the amplitude of velocity in such a form that, from these relations, it is possible to determine the function g(x) which yields periodic motions whose period may vary in the arbitrary perscribed way with the amplitude or the amplitude of velocity. The half-periods and the half-amplitudes are also brought into question. In illustration, there is computed the function g(x) which yields periodic motions whose period may vary linearly with the amplitude. (Author)
Horizontal and vertical ridges associated to continuous wavelet transforms

By studying the wavelet transform behavior of asymptotic signals, the so-called ridge and skeleton leading to a simplified representation of a given signal have been defined. This skeleton allows the estimation of the frequency and the amplitude modulation laws associated with each elementary contribution. In the particular case of signals composed of spectral lines (monochromatic signals modulated in amplitude), the ridges can be set to the horizontal by disentangling the components, which allows the estimation of the frequency and the amplitude modulation law of each spectral line. This technique permits a complete modeling of a sound signal, leading to various transformations such as transposition, cross synthesis, and time stretching. This mathematical formalism cannot be applied to signals containing fast transitions or isolated transients. The problem of the detection and characterization of such signals is addressed by means of vertical ridges. Locally homogeneous signals are emphasized in order to model transients corresponding to a discontinuity of a given derivative. <<ETX>>
Calculating photonic band structure

Photonic materials structured on the scale of the wavelength of light have become the subject of an active field of research fed by the hope of creating novel properties. Theory plays a central role reinforced by the difficulty of manufacturing photonic materials: unusually we are better able to design a photonic material than to build it. In this review we explore the application of scattering theory to Maxwell's equations that has enabled theory to make such a central contribution: implementation of Maxwell's equations on a discrete mesh, development of the electromagnetic transfer matrix, order-N methods, and adaptive meshes. At the same time we present applications to a few key problems by way of illustration, and discuss the special circumstances of metallic photonic structures and their unique properties.
EGF receptor modulates HEV entry in human hepatocytes

Background and Aims: Being the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis with >20 million cases per year and 70,000 deaths annually, HEV presents a long-neglected and underinvestigated health burden. Although the entry process of viral particles is an attractive target for pharmacological intervention, druggable host factors to restrict HEV entry have not been identified so far. Approach and Results: Here we identify the EGF receptor (EGFR) as a novel host factor for HEV and reveal the significance of EGFR for the HEV entry process. By utilizing RNAi, chemical modulation with Food and Drug Administration–approved drugs, and ectopic expression of EGFR, we revealed that EGFR is critical for HEV infection without affecting HEV RNA replication or assembly of progeny virus. We further unveiled that EGFR itself and its ligand-binding domain, rather than its signaling function, is responsible for the proviral effect. Modulation of EGF expression in HepaRG cells and primary human hepatocytes affected HEV infection. Conclusions: Taken together, our study provides novel insights into the life cycle of HEV and identified EGFR as a possible target for future antiviral strategies against HEV.
Endophytes in Agriculture: Potential to Improve Yields and Tolerances of Agricultural Crops

Endophytic fungi and bacteria live asymptomatically within plant tissues. In recent decades, research on endophytes has revealed that their significant role in promoting plants as endophytes has been shown to enhance nutrient uptake, stress tolerance, and disease resistance in the host plants, resulting in improved crop yields. Evidence shows that endophytes can provide improved tolerances to salinity, moisture, and drought conditions, highlighting the capacity to farm them in marginal land with the use of endophyte-based strategies. Furthermore, endophytes offer a sustainable alternative to traditional agricultural practices, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and in turn reducing the risks associated with chemical treatments. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge on endophytes in agriculture, highlighting their potential as a sustainable solution for improving crop productivity and general plant health. This review outlines key nutrient, environmental, and biotic stressors, providing examples of endophytes mitigating the effects of stress. We also discuss the challenges associated with the use of endophytes in agriculture and the need for further research to fully realise their potential.
RGDroid: Detecting Android Malware with Graph Convolutional Networks against Structural Attacks

The rapid growth of Android malware calls for anti-malware systems to detect malware automatically. Detecting malware effectively is a non-trivial problem due to the high overlap in behaviors between malware and benign apps. Most existing automated Android malware detection methods use statistic features extracted from apps or graphs generated from method calls to identify malware. However, the methods that only use statistic features lead to false positives due to ignoring program semantics. Existing graph-based approaches suffer scalability problems due to the heavy-weight program analysis and time-consuming graph matching. In addition, graph-based approaches could be evaded by modifying dependencies among method calls. As a result, crafted malicious apps resemble the benign ones.In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning-based detection system, named RGDroid, which is capable of detecting malware under graph structural attacks. It combines API information extracted from Android document and learns behavior features from function call graph by graph neural network. Specifically, to defend against graph adversarial attacks, RGDroid reduces the connectivity of different functional parts to mitigate the effect of structural modifications on the final graph embedding. To comprehensively evaluate the robustness of RGDroid, we implement four influential graph adversarial attacks to simulate current capabilities and knowledge of Android malware attackers. The attack success rate (ASR) of two state-of-the-art detection systems (i.e., MaMaDroid, MalScan) is above 70.0% while the ASR of RGDroid under the four graph attacks is below 6.1%.
Cardiac-Adaptive Conductive Hydrogel Patch Enabling Construction of Mechanical–Electrical Anisotropic Microenvironment for Heart Repair

The biomimetic construction of a microstructural–mechanical–electrical anisotropic microenvironment adaptive to the native cardiac tissue is essential to repair myocardial infarction (MI). Inspired by the 3D anisotropic characteristic of the natural fish swim bladder (FSB), a novel flexible, anisotropic, and conductive hydrogel was developed for tissue-specific adaptation to the anisotropic structural, conductive, and mechanical features of the native cardiac extracellular matrix. The results revealed that the originally stiff, homogeneous FSB film was tailored to a highly flexible anisotropic hydrogel, enabling its potential as a functional engineered cardiac patch (ECP). In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the enhanced electrophysiological activity, maturation, elongation, and orientation of cardiomyocytes (CMs), and marked MI repair performance with reduced CM apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis, thereby promoting cell retention, myogenesis, and vascularization, as well as improving electrical integration. Our findings offer a potential strategy for functional ECP and provides a novel strategy to bionically simulate the complex cardiac repair environment.
Boosting Compiler Testing via Eliminating Test Programs with Long-Execution-Time

Compiler testing is crucially important as compiler is the fundamental infrastructure in software development. One common compiler testing practice leverages a random program generator such as Csmith to generate a huge number of test programs to stress-test compilers. Each of the test programs will be compiled to different executables at different optimization levels and then their outputs will be compared against each other to differentially test compilers. However, the execution time of different test programs varies a lot. Therefore, in practice, developers often set a time limit, such as 60 or 300 seconds, to control the execution of different executables. If the execution exceeds the time limit, it will be terminated. Nevertheless, it is still unclear which time limit is more suitable for compiler testing in this context. We therefore perform the first empirical analysis to investigate how different time limits afffect the efficiency of compiler testing. We found that a time limit of 0.1 seconds can achieve the maximum benefits for compiler testing with the randomly generated test programs. At the same time, we found that 12% test programs requires more than 300 seconds for the execution and these test programs with long-execution-time (LET) consume more than 90% of the entire testing resources which makes compiler testing not cost-effectiveness. We thus propose a framework named ELECT to automatically identify and exclude LET test programs for boosting compiler testing. Our extensive experiments on two popular compilers GCC and LLVM have shown that ELECT can significantly improve the cost-effectiveness of compiler testing as it can respectively detect about 19% and 10% more bugs than the two baseline approaches under the same testing time budget. Besides, ELECT can respectively save about 12% and 38% time than the two other approaches for detecting the same number of bugs.
High-efficiency concentrator cells from GaAs on Si

The achievement of cell inefficiencies of 21.3% ( approximately 200X, AM1.5D) for a GaAs-on-Si solar cell, and 27.6% ( approximately 200X, AM1.5D) for a GaAs homoepitaxial solar cell is reported. The value of 21.3% represents the highest efficiency reported for a monolithically grown GaAs-on-Si solar cell, while 27.6% is the highest confirmed value for any single-junction solar cell without the use of a prismatic cover. The GaAs-on-Si cell uses GaAs layers, grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), with a defect density of approximately 2*10/sup 7/ cm/sup -2/. High efficiency in the heteroepitaxial cell has been achieved by careful design of the cell layers, taking into account the actual properties of this highly defected material. <<ETX>>
Negotiating the boundaries of responsibility: Rethinking test takers and the ethics of testing

While the importance of accounting for the use of tests as policy instruments is by now widely acknowledged, validation frameworks in language testing rest on core assumptions which, I argue, preclude consideration of the lived experiences and subjectivities of test takers, and of the intentions and purposeful actions these experiences and subjectivities engender. As a result, the complex and dynamic ways that test taker actions are implicated in generating test and policy consequences remain hidden from view, as do the ethical implications of the wider societal impacts of testing practices. Drawing on studies examining test taker experiences of the use of English testing for immigration purposes in the Australian context, I highlight the disconnect between how test takers, test users and language testers come to attribute meanings to testing practices in this complex policy setting, and the types of conflicting decisions and actions which then emerge. To conclude, I argue for a renewed criticality in language testing that extends beyond evaluations of how well, if at all, test uses align with the expectations of test users and/or language testers, to a focus on the expectations of test takers as the stakeholder group to whom we must be primarily accountable. This demands not only further research into the lived experiences of those subjected to testing practices, but also an engagement with the wider discursive space within which problems of language and of policy are imagined, and the ways in which language testing, as a discipline, is implicated in the production of idealised language users, workers, and citizens, together with the various exclusions these entail.
A NEW ALGORITHM FOR AUTOMATIC PRECISE RECONSTRUCTION OF A REAL OBJECT SURFACE

This paper proposes some wavelet-based mathematical models and algorithms for representing any ‘real’ signal such as a 2D curve or a 3D surface. In contrast with conventional methods that describe almost only a smooth approximation, these models are more powerful which can describe effectively not only smooth signals but also multi-resolution fractal ones. By adopting a designed algorithm, they can also resolve the problem caused by Gibbs effect so that they still can represent a discontinuous signal accurately. Test results of 2D curves and 3D surfaces are shown and analyzed. Based on those conclusions drawn from experimental tests and theoretical analyses, a new algorithm for automatic reconstruction of a real 3D object surface using airborne sensor data (e.g. aerial images) is presented as well. The test results show that high precision representation of a real 3D object surface is realizable. Moreover, the proposed wavelet-based algorithm can describe an entire geometrical object surface with local (pseudo) break points and/or ‐lines, where conventional piecewise representation is not needed.
Differences Between Angle Configurations in Different Body Positions by Ultrasound Biomicroscopy in Patients with Cortical Age-Related Cataract

Purpose To investigate the differences in parameters related to angle configuration and lens position in patients with cortical age-related cataract by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in different body positions. Methods Prospective study with 55 patients with cortical age-related cataract proposed for phacoemulsification, examined using a Compact Touch STS UBM (Quantel Medical, France). UBM bag/balloon technology was applied to measure the central anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens vault (LV) in horizontal and vertical orientation in sitting and supine positions, angle opening distance (AOD500), trabecular iris angle (TIA) and iris lens angle (ILA) in four quadrants: superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal. Results We found no significant difference in ACD between sitting and supine positions (p = 0.053); LV was significantly greater in the supine position (p < 0.001); AOD500 in superior and inferior quadrants were significantly longer in the sitting position (p = 0.001; p < 0.001); TIA in superior and inferior quadrants was significantly greater in the sitting position (p < 0.001; p < 0.001), and TIAmax-min was significantly smaller in the sitting position (p = 0.001); ILA in temporal quadrant was significantly larger in the sitting position (p = 0.015) and ILAmax-min was significantly smaller in the sitting position (p < 0.001). Conclusion The anterior chamber angle was narrower and the lens was positioned more anteriorly in the supine than in the sitting position in cortical age-related cataract. Different positions may affect the angle configuration and the relative space of lens through different directions of mechanics and modes of action.
The Role of Mobility Degradation in the BTI-Induced RO Aging in a 28-nm Bulk CMOS Technology: (Student paper)

Shrinking reliability margins have created an increasing demand for circuit aging simulations, which enable product reliability assessment pre-production. Physical Design Kits (PDKs) of modern technologies have started to include compact models for transistor degradation mechanisms along with a dedicated reliability simulation framework. In this work, we present a study of the commercial aging models in a 28-nm CMOS technology from a designer perspective by comparison of the simulations with extensive measurement data at the device and the circuit level (ring oscillators). Moreover, using our custom table model compiled from our device-level measurement data, we model the BTI-driven component of circuit-level degradation and provide convincing evidence that mobility degradation due to NBTI plays an important role in the circuit aging phenomenon, thus emphasizing its need in SPICE-level NBTI models.
Design and Analysis of Novel Complex Order Optimal Power System Stabilizers

This paper focuses on using a novel Complex order Power System Stabilizer (CoPSS) to damp out the small signal oscillations in a Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) power system. The parameters of the proposed PSS are optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm by performing the simulation using MATLAB. While designing the optimal CoPSS, the Integral Time multiplied by Absolute Error (ITAE) performance index is taken as an objective function and parameter bounds as constraints. The comparison between Conventional PSS tuned by PSO (PSOCPSS), Fractional order PSS tuned by PSO (PSOFoPSS), and Complex order PSS tuned by PSO (PSOCoPSS) is carried out through the MATLAB/Simulink platform. The comparative analysis depicts that PSOCoPSS outperforms PSOFoPSS and PSOCPSS.