Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Studies related to Test Anxiety and Home Environment

Any worthwhile study in any field of knowledge requires an adequate familiarity and support of the works that has already been done in the same area. A literature review is a body of text that aims to the critical points of current knowledge, including substantative finding and theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. It acts as a link between the research proposed and the studies already done in this area. It throws light on the differences of opinions, contradicting findings and the explanations for the same. A brief summary of the writings of recognized authorities and of previous researches provide evidence that the research is familiar with what is already known and what is still unknown and untested. Review of related literature helps the researcher to develop an insight into the present study and scrutinize the problem with precision and accuracy. Thus the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the studies reviewed create an insight in the researcher to develop the study in a different perspective. Past researches help to sharpen and define understanding of existing problem. A brief account of the relevant studies is given below. The investigator reviewed the related studies as well as scholarly articles and classified the studies under three major headings:-Ebert (2013) conducted a study on whether internal (phonological working memory) and external variables (preschool and home learning environment) have different impacts depending on parental native language. It was found that Phonological working memory has a strong impact on all children's initial vocabulary. The study also revealed that the effects of preschool and home learning environment are comparatively less influential. Danielle and Diane (2012) in their study 'Examining the Relationship between Adolescents' Orthographic Knowledge and Overall Reading Ability' found Orthographic development (as measured by spelling ability) would serve as a link between constrained and unconstrained reading skills in adolescents. According to Michal , Amalia and Tami (2012) in the study ' Reading different Orthographic structures in the shallow-pointed Hebrew script: a cross-grade study in elementary school' examined the development of reading, in Hebrew script. Rate and accuracy for four different pointed orthographic structures: letter-diacritic mark combinations, legal pseudowords, illegal pseudowords, and real words, were collected. Results found linear development for all structure types with respect to reading rate which support the need for both universal as well as Orthography-specific models of reading development. Georgiou et al.(2012) in their study examined the longitudinal predictors of …
Learning Character-level Compositionality with Visual Features

Previous work has modeled the compositionality of words by creating character-level models of meaning, reducing problems of sparsity for rare words. However, in many writing systems compositionality has an effect even on the character-level: the meaning of a character is derived by the sum of its parts. In this paper, we model this effect by creating embeddings for characters based on their visual characteristics, creating an image for the character and running it through a convolutional neural network to produce a visual character embedding. Experiments on a text classification task demonstrate that such model allows for better processing of instances with rare characters in languages such as Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. Additionally, qualitative analyses demonstrate that our proposed model learns to focus on the parts of characters that carry topical content which resulting in embeddings that are coherent in visual space.
Design of the self-organizing fuzzy PID controller based on chaos particle swarm algorithm

A self-organizing fuzzy PID controller (SFPID), which is composed of a PID type fuzzy controller (FPID) and a self-organizing adjustment mechanism, is proposed to provide the balance of the control precision and dynamic performance. A normalized acceleration introduced into the self-organizing mechanism, as an indicator of system response speed, is used to identify the system error and various stages in whole control process. The integral and derivative coefficients of FPID are adjusted in an online manner with the aid of the normalized acceleration. For avoiding complex adjustment of parameters in the design of controllers and attaining optimal control properties, a chaos particle swarm optimization algorithm (CPSO) is applied to optimizing the SFPID parameters, in which chaotic searching is employed to overcome the particle's ‘inertia’, and improve the global search performance and local convergence. The results of the application to typical controlled objects and LED source-meter measuring system show that the SFPID exhibits good dynamic performance and robustness to the uncertainty of system parameters, which can effectively eliminate steady-state deviations with minor overshooting.
Quantile Reinforcement Learning

In reinforcement learning, the standard criterion to evaluate policies in a state is the expectation of (discounted) sum of rewards. However, this criterion may not always be suitable, we consider an alternative criterion based on the notion of quantiles. In the case of episodic reinforcement learning problems, we propose an algorithm based on stochastic approximation with two timescales. We evaluate our proposition on a simple model of the TV show, Who wants to be a millionaire.
One Adaptive Synchronization Approach for Fractional-Order Chaotic System with Fractional-Order 1 < q < 2

Based on a new stability result of equilibrium point in nonlinear fractional-order systems for fractional-order lying in 1 < q < 2, one adaptive synchronization approach is established. The adaptive synchronization for the fractional-order Lorenz chaotic system with fractional-order 1 < q < 2 is considered. Numerical simulations show the validity and feasibility of the proposed scheme.
Methane Emission in a Specific Riparian-Zone Sediment Decreased with Bioelectrochemical Manipulation and Corresponded to the Microbial Community Dynamics

Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria are widespread in terrestrial ecosystems, especially in anaerobic soils and sediments. Thermodynamically, dissimilatory metal reduction is more favorable than sulfate reduction and methanogenesis but less favorable than denitrification and aerobic respiration. It is critical to understand the complex relationships, including the absence or presence of terminal electron acceptors, that govern microbial competition and coexistence in anaerobic soils and sediments, because subsurface microbial processes can effect greenhouse gas emissions from soils, possibly resulting in impacts at the global scale. Here, we elucidated the effect of an inexhaustible, ferrous-iron and humic-substance mimicking terminal electron acceptor by deploying potentiostatically poised electrodes in the sediment of a very specific stream riparian zone in Upstate New York state. At two sites within the same stream riparian zone during the course of 6 weeks in the spring of 2013, we measured CH4 and N2/N2O emissions from soil chambers containing either poised or unpoised electrodes, and we harvested biofilms from the electrodes to quantify microbial community dynamics. At the upstream site, which had a lower vegetation cover and highest soil temperatures, the poised electrodes inhibited CH4 emissions by ∼45% (when normalized to remove temporal effects). CH4 emissions were not significantly impacted at the downstream site. N2/N2O emissions were generally low at both sites and were not impacted by poised electrodes. We did not find a direct link between bioelectrochemical treatment and microbial community membership; however, we did find a correspondence between environment/function and microbial community dynamics.
Thermally Induced Osteocyte Damage Initiates a Remodelling Signaling Cascade

Thermal elevations experienced by bone during orthopaedic procedures, such as cutting and drilling, exothermal reactions from bone cement, and thermal therapies such as tumor ablation, can result in thermal damage leading to death of native bone cells (osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and mesenchymal stem cells). Osteocytes are believed to be the orchestrators of bone remodeling, which recruit nearby osteoclast and osteoblasts to control resorption and bone growth in response to mechanical stimuli and physical damage. However, whether heat-induced osteocyte damage can directly elicit bone remodelling has yet to be determined. This study establishes the link between osteocyte thermal damage and the remodeling cascade. We show that osteocytes directly exposed to thermal elevations (47°C for 1 minute) become significantly apoptotic and alter the expression of osteogenic genes (Opg and Cox2). The Rankl/Opg ratio is consistently down-regulated, at days 1, 3 and 7 in MLO-Y4s heat-treated to 47°C for 1 minute. Additionally, the pro-osteoblastogenic signaling marker Cox2 is significantly up-regulated in heat-treated MLO-Y4s by day 7. Furthermore, secreted factors from heat-treated MLO-Y4s administered to MSCs using a novel co-culture system are shown to activate pre-osteoblastic MSCs to increase production of the pro-osteoblastic differentiation marker, alkaline phosphatase (day 7, 14), and calcium deposition (day 21). Most interestingly, an initial pro-osteoclastogenic signaling response (increase Rankl and Rankl/Opg ratio at day 1) followed by later stage pro-osteoblastogenic signaling (down-regulation in Rankl and the Rankl/Opg ratio and an up-regulation in Opg and Cox2 by day 7) was observed in non-heat-treated MLO-Y4s in co-culture when these were exposed to the biochemicals produced by heat-treated MLO-Y4s. Taken together, these results elucidate the vital role of osteocytes in detecting and responding to thermal damage by means of thermally induced apoptosis followed by a cascade of remodelling responses.
Internationalisation and the Smaller Firm: A Review of Contemporary Empirical Research1

■ This paper reviews and assesses recent empirical research on the internationalisation of smaller firms, in the context of Foreign Direct Investment theory, the "Stage" models of internationalisation, and the Network perspective. Patterns are also identified across a number of dimensions, including ontological assumptions, firm characteristics, and research methods.
Exploring Bibliographies for Research-related Tasks

Bibliographies are fundamental tools for research communities. Besides the obvious uses as connection to previous research, citations are also widely used for evaluation purposes: the productivity of researchers, departments and universities is increasingly measured by counting their citations. Unfortunately, citations counters are just rough indicators: a deeper knowledge of individual citations -- where, when, by whom and why -- improves research evaluation tasks and supports researchers in their daily activity. Yet, such information is mostly hidden within repositories of scholarly papers and is still difficult to find, navigate and make use of. In this paper, we present a novel tool for exploring scientific articles through their citations. The environment is built on top of a rich citation network, encoded as a LOD, and includes a user-friendly interface to access, filter and highlight information about bibliographic data.
A Complete Axiomatization of Propositional Projection Temporal Logic

This paper investigates a complete axiomatic system for propositional projection temporal logic (PPTL). To this end, the syntax, semantics, and logic laws of PPTL are briefly introduced. Further, the normal form of PPTL formulas is presented. Moreover, an axiomatic system of PPTL is formalized. A set of axioms and inference rules are given in details. To assist the proof within the system, some theorems are proved by means of the axioms and rules. In addition, based on the axioms, rules and theorems, the soundness and completeness of the deductive system are proved. Finally, an example is given to illustrate how the axiom system works.
The Effects of Interrupted Schooling on Wages.

Data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth reveal that 35 percent of white men who leave school between 1979 and 1988 return to school by 1989. This paper examines the wage effects of these nontraditional enrollment patterns. I estimate a wage model which allows individuals to follow a different wage path before and after their reenrollment and an alternative model which does not account for school and work discontinuities. I find that young men who delay their schooling receive wage boosts that are smaller than those received by their continuously schooled counterparts. Wage models that fail to account for "delayed" schooling tend to understate the returns to schooling received prior to the start of the career.
Hybrid video object tracking in H.265/HEVC video streams

In this paper we propose a hybrid tracking method which detects moving objects in videos compressed according to H.265/HEVC standard. Our framework largely depends on motion vectors (MV) and block types obtained by partially decoding the video bit stream and occasionally uses pixel domain information to distinguish between two objects. The compressed domain method is based on a Markov Random Field (MRF) model that captures spatial and temporal coherence of the moving object and is updated on a frame-to-frame basis. The hybrid nature of our approach stems from the usage of a pixel domain method that extracts the color information from the fully-decoded I frames and is updated only after completion of each Group-of-Pictures (GOP). We test the tracking accuracy of our method using standard video sequences and show that our hybrid framework provides better tracking accuracy than a state-of-the-art MRF model.
Nuclear Contour Irregularity and Abnormal Transporter Protein Distribution in Anterior Horn Cells in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

The nucleocytoplasmic transport system is essential for maintainingcell viability; transport of proteins and nucleic acids between the nucleus and the cytoplasm occurs through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). In this study, we examined the immunohistochemical distribution of the major protein components of NPCs, Nup62, Nup88, and Nup153, in spinal cords from controls and patients with sporadic or familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SALS or FALS) and its mouse model. In control subjects, immunolabeling on thenuclear envelopes of anterior horn cells (AHCs) was invariably smooth and continuous, whereas in SALS and FALS patients, the AHCs predominantly showed irregular nuclear contours. Double immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that in SALS patients, importin-&bgr; immunoreactivity was absent in the nuclei in a subset of AHCs; in these cells, Nup62 immunolabeling of nuclear membrane was invariably irregular, suggesting that there was dysfunctional nucleocytoplasmic transport in those AHCs. In the mouse model, Nup62-immunolabeled AHCs with irregular nuclear contours were predominant as early as the presymptomatic stage and the contours became progressively discontinuous along with disease development. Together, these observations suggest that dysfunctional nucleocytoplasmic transport may underlie the pathogenesis of ALS.
Performance measurement for green supply chain management

Purpose – To introduce and provide an overview of the various issues related to environmental (green) supply chain management performance measurement.Design/methodology/approach – The work relies on experiences, case studies and other literature related to performance measurement in environmental supply chains. It seeks to integrate works in supply chain management, environmental management, and performance management into one framework. A systems framework forms the discussion outline with a focus on controls/pressures, inputs, tools, and outputs as major categories for evaluation and review.Findings – Provides an integrative framework for study, design and evaluation of green supply chain management performance tools. The findings also identify a number of issues that need to still be addressed.Research limitations/implications – We have only one design of the issues in which numerous categorizations could be provided. There is limited research in this area and new and current models/developments can pr.
Integration of RF passive components into semiconducting device through 3D capacitive coupling for application to fully-integrated MMIC

In this work, a 3D capacitive coupling structure employing periodic pattern was used for application to miniaturized on-chip passive components on MMIC (Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit). Unlike conventional periodic structure, the characteristic impedance of the 3D capacitive coupling structure was hardly dependent on frequency. Using the 3D capacitive coupling structure, RF passive component was highly miniaturized in comparison with conventional one.
On specification of Read/Write shared variables

A shared variable is an abstraction of persistent interprocess communication. Processors execute operations, often concurrently, on shared variables to exchange information among themselves. The behavior of operation executions is required to be “consistent” for effective interprocess communication. Consequently, a consistency specification of a shared variable describes some guarantees on the behavior of the operation executions. A Read/Write shared variable has two operations: a Write stores a specified value in the variable and a Read returns a value from the variable. For Read/Write variables, a consistency specification describes what values Reads may return. Using an intuitive notion of illegality of Reads, we propose a framework that facilitates specifying a large variety of Read/Write variables.
Is cosmology compatible with sterile neutrinos?

By combining data from cosmic microwave background experiments (including the recent WMAP third year results), large scale structure, and Lyman-alpha forest observations, we constrain the hypothesis of a fourth, sterile, massive neutrino. For the 3 massless+1 massive neutrino case, we bound the mass of the sterile neutrino to ms<0.26 eV (0.44 eV) at 95% (99.9%) C.L. , which excludes at high significance the sterile neutrino hypothesis as an explanation of the LSND anomaly. We generalize the analysis to account for active neutrino masses and the possibility that the sterile abundance is not thermal. In the latter case, the contraints in the plane are nontrivial. For a mass of >1 or <0.05 eV, the cosmological energy density in sterile neutrinos is always constrained to be omeganu<0.003 at 95% C.L. , but for a mass of approximately 0.25 eV, omeganu can be as large as 0.01.
Formulating the design rationale of visual representation

When designing a representation, a designer implicitly formulates a method required to understand and use the representation effectively. This paper aims at making the method explicit, in order to help designers elicit their design choices. In particular, we present a set of concepts to systematically analyze what a user must theoretically do visually to find information. The analysis consists in a decomposition of the activity of scanning into elementary visualization operations. We show how the analysis applies on various existing representation, and how expected benefits can be expressed in terms of elementary operations. The decomposition highlights the challenges encountered by a user when figuring out a representation, and helps designer to exhibit possible flaws in their design.The set of elementary operations form the basis of a shared, common language for representation designers.
Rendering Details on Simplified Meshes by Texture Based Shading

In this paper we present a way to use OpenGL 1.2 compliant graphics hardware for fast shading with textures containing detailed information about the normals of an object. The procedure is similar to bumpmaps and the goal is to shade a simpliied mesh approximately the same way the original mesh is shaded. First, we explain how to implement a Phong shaded and lighted dot product bumpmap using a 2D texture and special functions of graphics hardware. Secondly, we show a way to generate normal textures for the coarse mesh optimized by means of typical distances and ori-entations of the ne mesh. For almost regular meshes this results in smaller textures consuming less memory and bandwidth. These texture patches are then densely packed into one large texture granting fast rendering and easy use in scene graphs like Cosmo3d and OpenGL Optimizer.
Multi-layered Alert Filtration and Feedback Cycle Using Brahms Model

Customer service improvement is directly related with organizational standards and productivity. Employees' activities have certain objectives to be followed but sometimes outcomes are different than expected. Human error while performing regular job activities cause sufficient losses and difficult to address. Management faces real challenges while dealing with employee related issues and sometimes becomes unproductive. We propose Brahms Model with multi layered alert filtration and feedback cycle which would address the human error in the system and generate the filtered alerts in the form of sms or by emails. This is especially useful for Human-Computer Interfacing (HCI) Scenarios. Controlling human error and addressing real issues may protect any institution from severe damage and losses. Efficiency of a customer service department can be improved and maximized by multi-layered alert filtration system using Brahms Model.
Towards a Domain Specific Language for a Scene Graph based Robotic World Model

Robot world model representations are a vital part of robotic applications. However, there is no support for such representations in model-driven engineering tool chains. This work proposes a novel Domain Specific Language (DSL) for robotic world models that are based on the Robot Scene Graph (RSG) approach. The RSG-DSL can express (a) application specific scene configurations, (b) semantic scene structures and (c) inputs and outputs for the computational entities that are loaded into an instance of a world model.
Stochastic Generalized Gradient Method with Application to Insurance Risk Management

Recently we analyzed important classes of nonsmooth and nonconvex risk control problems which can not be solved by standard optimization techniques. The aim of this article is to develop computational procedures enabling us to bypass some of the obstacles identified in this paper. We illustrate this by using insurance risk processes with insolvency (stopping time).
The Central Bank and Chilean macroeconomic policy in the 1990s

This article aims to describe and analyse the formulation, implementation and results of the macroeconomic policy carried out by the Central Bank of Chile in the first half of the 1990s. Section I explains the importance of the macroeconomic balances from the standpoint of the Central Bank of Chile. Section II describes the Central Bank's objectives and its interpretation of the achievement of domestic and external balances. Section III summarizes the institutional, structural and conjunctural features which make the Chilean experience a special case. Section IV sets out the criteria adopted by the Bank in formulating and implementing its macroeconomic policy. Section V describes and explains the essential features of the monetary, exchange-rate, international reserves and capital account openness policies applied during the period. Finally, section VI describes the most important results of the above policies and sums up the main conclusions of this study.