Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vapour-liquid equilibria of Stockmayer fluids: computer simulations and perturbation theory

By M. E. VAN LEEUWEN, B. SMIT and E. M. HENDRIKS Koninklijke/Shell-Laboratorium, Amsterdam, P.O. Box 3003, 1003 AA Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Received 16 April 1992; accepted 1 July 1992) Gibbs ensemble simulation data for Stockmayer fluids with #. 2 = 3.0 and #. 2 = 4.0 in the reduced temperature range of 0-77 (resp. 0.80)-0"98 and pre- sented and compared with predictions based on the perturbation theories of Stell, G. , Rasaiah, J. C. , and Narang, H. , 1972, Molec. Phys., 23, 393; 1974, 27, 1393. The description of the reference fluid is improved by applying the mod- ified Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state instead of the Verlet-Weis imple- mentation of the Weeks-Chandler-Andersen perturbation scheme. Second virial coefficients predicted by perturbation theory to order #4 agree for Stock- mayer fluids with #,2 < 4 very well with exact values. Perturbation theory is capable of describing the low-density region of Stockmayer fluids with rather strong dipole moments. For these high values of the dipole moment, the Pad6 approximation of perturbation theory deviates significantly from the simulated coexistence curves in density and pressure. Compared with perturbation theory to order #4, however, it is a far better approximation of the Stockmayer fluid coexistence curve. The behaviour of the Pad6 approximation in the critical region is not satisfactory. 1. Introduction Electrostatic interactions affect thermodynamic behaviour. For relatively simple polar model fluids several theories have been developed [1-3]. A convenient model for a polar fluid is a 'soft-core' dipolar molecule, represented by the Stockmayer potential (Lennard-Jones potential with an embedded point dipole). The two most important molecular theories for model polar fluids are integral equation theories and (Pople-Stell) perturbation theories. If the Ornstein-Zernike equation is supplemented with an approximate closure relation, an integral equation is obtained for the direct correlation function and the radial distribution function [2]. For polar fluids this involves expansions of angular- dependent functions. Starting from the well known hypernetted-chain equation Patey and others [4-6] considered linear expressions (LHNC) and quadratic expressions (QHNC), and obtained a numerically tractable scheme. Fries and Patey [7] devel- oped a general method for fluids with anisotropic interactions, the reference hypernetted-chain (RHNC) theory. Lee et al. [8] applied this approximation to Stockmayer fluids, and found that the dielectric constant predicted with the full RHNC theory agrees better with computer simulation results than those predicted with the LHNC and QHNC theories. Another approach to describe the behaviour of simple polar model fluids is the use of perturbation theories, as pioneered by Pople and further developed by Stell et al. [9-13]. In these theories, the free Helmholtz energy is expressed as the sum of a
IBM Intelligent Bricks project - Petabytes and beyond

This paper provides an overview of the Intelligent Bricks project in progress at IBM Research. It describes common problems faced by data center operators and proposes a comprehensive solution based on brick architectures. Bricks are hardware building blocks. Because of certain properties, defined here, scalable and reliable systems can be built with collections of identical bricks. An important feature is that brick-based systems must survive the failure of any brick without requiring human intervention, as long as most bricks are operational. This simplifies system management and allows very dense and very scalable systems to be built. A prototype storage server in the form of a 3 × 3 × 3 array of bricks, capable of storing 26 TB, is operational at the IBM Almaden Research Center. It successfully demonstrates the concepts of the Intelligent Bricks architecture. The paper describes this implementation of brick architectures based on newly developed communication and cooling technologies, the software developed, and techniques for building very reliable systems from low-cost bricks, and it discusses the performance and the future of intellegent brick systems.
Using Ensembles Of Neural Networks With Different Scales Of Input Data For The Analysis Of Telemetry Data

This article gives a brief description of the main methods of forming parallel ensembles of experts, in particular ensembles of neural networks. Also the learning algorithm of neural network ensembles with elements of the evolution strategy described. The problem of concept drift and methods of its solution using incremental learning ensembles of experts described. Also the method of searching the important features of the time series for forecasting is given. And the model of two-level learning algorithm of neural network ensembles with different time scale is proposed for the prediction of telemetry data. This model is based on an ensemble of neural networks that use mentioned algorithm of learning. Also presents the results of tests of the model on the task of forecasting multivariate time series of telemetry.
Flow-mediated dilation after acute exercise: Interpret with caution

Editor-in-Chief: Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a noninvasive measurement of endothelial function that is being embraced by researchers around the world. The recent contribution of research by Rognmo and colleagues (8) using the acute exercise paradigm is greatly appreciated; however, interpretation of the results is somewhat confounded by several methodological and physiological concerns. First, although the authors of the present study instigated the FMD response after 5 minutes of cuff occlusion, the cuff was placed on the upper arm, suggesting a position proximal to the ultrasound probe. The hyperemic response elicited from a proximal cuff has been suggested to include an alternative or joint mechanism along with nitric oxide (NO) that contributes to the augmented vasodilation (1,2), thus confounding the present measurement of FMD. This potential for non–NO-mediated vasodilation is especially important, considering the authors’ discussion concerning NO bioavailability. The authors report NO bioavailability from total NO determination. NO bioavailability is the availability of NO to provide protective physiological effects. Typically, the FMD technique represents a fundamental assay of NO bioavailability (3); however, with regard to how FMD methodology used, and the absence of free radical or physiological NO antagonist measurements, it may be difficult to determine NO bioavailability in the current study. Second, vascular shear rate (blood flow velocity/diameter) is the main stimulus of the vasodilator response; therefore, FMD should be corrected (4,6) by the stimulus. Shear area under the curve, not peak shear (7), has been indicated as the method to quantify the stimulus for FMD correction, which may explain the similar normalized FMD between groups reported by Rognmo and colleagues (8). Third, the authors present data indicating a difference in baseline diameter between groups, which, with all else equal, makes the interpretation of FMD difficult. In addition, the authors report a reduced FMD measured 1 hour after exercise, indicating impaired endothelial function. Exercise is a physiological stimulus evoking a variety of transient biological alterations, thus complicating appropriate interpretation of the FMD measurement (5). Their results indicate a significant increase in baseline diameter at 1 hour after exercise; therefore, without accounting for the mathematical bias of baseline diameter in calculating FMD, interpretation of FMD after exercise and other ‘‘speculated’’ mechanisms associated with this FMD impairment should be viewed with caution. Researchers are currently working on improving the methodology to increase the interpretability and robustness of the FMD measurement. Considering the FMD methodology used in this study, the results presented by Rognmo and colleagues (8) should be interpreted with caution.
Agent clustering based on semantic negotiation

Forming groups of agents is an important task in many agent-based applications, for example when determining a coalition of buyers in an e-commerce community or organizing different Web services in a Web services' composition. A key issue in this context is that of generating groups of agents such that the communication among agents of the same group is not subjected to comprehension problems. To this purpose, several approaches have been proposed in the past in order to form groups of agents based on some similarity measures among agents. Such similarity measures are mainly based on lexical and/or structural similarities among agent ontologies. However, the necessity of taking into account a semantic component of the similarity value arises, for example by considering the context in which a term is used in an agent ontology. Therefore we propose a clustering technique based on the HISENE semantic negotiation protocol, using a similarity value that has lexical, structural and semantic components. Moreover, we introduce a suitable multiagent architecture that allows computing agent similarities by means of an efficient distributed approach.
Application of Ellipse Fitting Algorithm in Incoherent Sampling Measurements of Complex Ratio of AC Voltages

This paper presents a comparison of results of coherent and incoherent sampling measurements of complex ratios of sinusoidal voltages, obtained with the use of an ellipse-fitting algorithm (EFA) and with the use of discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The EFA algorithm has not been yet used in the measurements of the complex voltage ratio. Known applications of EFA in impedance measurements were based on simultaneous sampling of two voltages by a two-channel aquisition card. Measurements presented in this paper were made with an automated measurement system consisting of Keysight 3458A multimeter operating in the DC voltage sampling mode. The internal 20-MHz clock generator of this multimeter was replaced with a custom-made clock module dividing the clock frequency by 2 and providing fiber optic 10–MHz synchronization signal. This signal was used as the reference frequency of the Keysight 33250A generator which served as a reference frequency clock for the dual-channel source of digitally synthesized sinusoidal voltage. Because the output frequency of the Keysight 33250A generator can be adjusted with very high resolution and accuracy, it was possible to perform coherent and incoherent sampling measurements with controlled frequency deviation.
Determination of amyloid core structure using chemical shifts

Amyloid fibrils are the pathological hallmark of a large variety of neurodegenerative disorders. The structural characterization of amyloid fibrils, however, is challenging due to their non‐crystalline, heterogeneous, and often dynamic nature. Thus, the structure of amyloid fibrils of many proteins is still unknown. We here show that the structure calculation program CS‐Rosetta can be used to obtain insight into the core structure of amyloid fibrils. Driven by experimental solid‐state NMR chemical shifts and taking into account the polymeric nature of fibrils CS‐Rosetta allows modeling of the core of amyloid fibrils. Application to the Y145X stop mutant of the human prion protein reveals a left‐handed β‐helix
Protective Effect of Shenqi-wan on Traumatic Brain Injury-induced Delayed Apoptosis in Rat Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus

Shenqi-wan, Oriental herbal medicine formulation, has been traditionally used for delayed mental and physical development in children, complications of diabetes, and glomerulonephritis. In the present study, the protective effect of the aqueous extract of Shenqi-wan against traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus was investigated. For this study, step-down avoidance task, terminal deoxynuclotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, Bax immunohistochemistry, and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemistry were conducted. In the present results, it was shown that apoptotic cell death and cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus were significantly increased following TBI in rats and that the aqueous extract of Shenqi-wan suppressed the TBI-induced increase in apoptosis and cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus. Based on the present results, it is possible that the aqueous extract of Shenqi-wan has a neuroprotective effect on TBI-induced neuronal cell death.
Inter-country exploration of factors associated with admission to long-term institutional dementia care: evidence from the RightTimePlaceCare study.

AIM To explore inter-country variation of factors associated with institutionalization of people with dementia. BACKGROUND There is an urgent need for evidence on whether factors associated with admission to institutional dementia care are applicable across healthcare systems, as increasing evidence suggests that these factors could be country-specific. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. METHOD Primary data were collected in eight European countries, at baseline and after 3 months follow-up (November 2010-April 2012). The sample included 2014 dyads of people with dementia and their informal caregivers; 791 patients were recently institutionalized, 1223 patients lived at home and were at risk of institutionalization. Associations between care setting (institution vs. home) and factors shown to influence institutionalization (e.g. cognition, independence in activities of daily life, behaviour) were studied. RESULTS Considerable differences were found between the eight countries in characteristics of people with dementia who had been recently admitted to ILTC. However, caregiver burden appeared the most consistent factor associated with institutionalization in all analyses. Indications for the importance of independence in activities of daily life were found as well, although country differences may be more prominent for this factor. CONCLUSION Evidence was found for two common factors, crucial in the process of institutionalization across countries: caregiver burden and independency in activities of daily life. However, this study also suggests that admission to institutional dementia care is context-specific, as wide variation exists in factors associated with institutionalization across countries. Tailored best-practice strategies are needed to reflect variations in response to these needs.
Clipping noise mitigation for pilot symbols in OFDM systems

Clipping is often used to reduce the large peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. However, it introduces additional noise which causes nonlinear distortion not only on data but also on pilot symbols. So for a pilot-aided OFDM system, clipping will degrade the channel estimation to influence system performance. In this paper, a new technique is proposed to mitigate clipping noise on pilot symbols, so channel estimation is improved. It is shown by simulation that the proposed method can significantly improve channel estimation and system performance.
Hierarchical classi cation and feature reduction for fast face detection with support vector machines

We present a two-step method to speed-up object detection systems in computer vision that use support vector machines as classi ers. In the rst step we build a hierarchy of classi ers. On the bottom level, a simple and fast linear classi er analyzes the whole image and rejects large parts of the background. On the top level, a slower but more accurate classi er performs the nal detection. We propose a new method for automatically building and training a hierarchy of classi ers. In the second step we apply feature reduction to the top level classi er by choosing relevant image features according to a measure derived from statistical learning theory. Experiments with a face detection system show that combining feature reduction with hierarchical classi cation leads to a speed-up by a factor of 335 with similar classi cation performance. 2003 Pattern Recognition Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Combining word- and class-based language models: a comparative study in several languages using automatic and manual word-clustering techniques

This paper compares various class-based language models when used in conjunction with a word-based trigram language model by means of linear interpolation. For class-based language models where classes are automatically derived we present a comparative analysis in five languages (French, British English, German, Italian, and Spanish). With regard to classes corresponding to parts-of-speech, we present results for three languages (British English, French, and Italian). For each language, we present results for varying training corpus size and test script complexity. We achieved significant perplexity and word error rate reduction for all five languages and for several language models and recognition tasks. This work extends previous research by covering more languages and showing positive impact of these techniques with very large corpora, whereas prior work mostly focused on addressing data sparseness issues caused by small corpora.
Household adoption of smog protective behavior: a comparison between two Chinese cities

This study compares residents of two Chinese cities – one with a high risk and one with a low risk of air pollution, in terms of their smog experience, reliance on smog information sources, risk perception, attribution of responsibility and intention for adoption of protective behavior regarding smog. The results indicate that the two cities differ considerably in their smog experience, somewhat less so in reliance on smog information sources and risk perception, and very little in protective behavior. Using multiple regression analyses, the study revealed a basic chain of reaction in which demographic characteristics and location cause smog experience and smog information, smog experience and smog information cause risk perception, risk perception causes attribution of responsibility, and attribution of responsibility causes intention to adopt protective behavior. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed and recommendations for further research are suggested.
Pengaruh pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap nilai perusahaan dengan profitabilitas sebagai variabel pemoderasi

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) merupakan salah satu wujud tanggung jawab yang wajib dilaksanakan oleh industri pertambangan, termasuk pertambangan batubara. Pelaksanaan dan pengungkapan CSR dipercaya dapat meningkatkan nilai perusahaan. Profitabilitas merupakan gambaran kemampuan perusahaan dalam mendapatkan laba. Sehingga semakin tinggi profitabilitas diyakini dapat memperkuat pengaruh pengungkapan CSR terhadap nilai perusahan. Ketika profitabilitas perusahaan yang semakin tinggi, maka modal perusahaan semakin meningkat sehingga pengungkapan CSR menjadi semakin luas. Penelitian kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pengungkapan CSR terhadap nilai perusahaan, dan menguji dampak profitabilitas pada pengaruh pengungkapan CSR terhadap nilai perusahaan. Objek penelitian ini adalah perusahaan batubara yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2010 – 2013. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 10 perusahaan batubara, yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sumber data diperoleh dari laporan tahunan perusahaan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda dan Moderated Ratio Analysis. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pengungkapan CSR berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Namun hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas tidak memoderasi pengaruh pengungkapan CSR terhadap Nilai perusahaan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa besarnya profit yang diperoleh perusahaan tidak dapat memperkuat pengaruh pengungkapan CSR terhadap nilai perusahaan.
An orthogonally switching charge pump rectifier for RF energy harvester

Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting systems hold a hopeful future in driving circuits of wireless communication devices by generating little amount of electrical power. RF rectifier converts the energy received from various RF sources into DC voltage. An Orthogonally Switching Charge Pump Rectifier (OS-CPR) along with Voltage Boosting Network (VBN) for RF energy harvester designed in 180 nm CMOS technology using Cadence Virtuoso is presented. 5-stage OS-CPR provides DC voltage of 1.3 V and Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of 33.72 % with 100 kΩ load from −13 dBm RF source at ISM frequency of 13.56 MHz.
Complex regional pain syndrome following protracted labour *

Obstetric nerve palsies are common and long‐term sequelae are fortunately rare. The development of a complex regional pain syndrome is an unusual and less reported complication of labour‐related neuropathy. A 28‐year‐old primigravida who experienced prolonged labour and instrumental delivery under spinal anaesthesia complained of persisting weakness and numbness postpartum, affecting the left lower limb. Urgent magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated no abnormality and a common peroneal nerve injury was later confirmed by nerve conduction studies. Unfortunately, the neuropathy did not resolve as expected and oedema, burning paraesthesia and allodynia affecting the left foot developed within two weeks. She was treated with gabapentin, ibuprofen, topical capsaicin and regular physiotherapy. After six months, the foot drop had resolved and the chronic pain element was significantly diminished.
Bayesian deconvolution of scanning electron microscopy images using point-spread function estimation and non-local regularization

Microscopy is one of the most essential imaging techniques in life sciences. High-quality images are required in order to solve (potentially life-saving) biomedical research problems. Many microscopy techniques do not achieve sufficient resolution for these purposes, being limited by physical diffraction and hardware deficiencies. Electron microscopy addresses optical diffraction by measuring emitted or transmitted electrons instead of photons, yielding nanometer resolution. Despite pushing back the diffraction limit, blur should still be taken into account because of practical hardware imperfections and remaining electron diffraction. Deconvolution algorithms can remove some of the blur in post-processing but they depend on knowledge of the point-spread function (PSF) and should accurately regularize noise. Any errors in the estimated PSF or noise model will reduce their effectiveness. This paper proposes a new procedure to estimate the lateral component of the point spread function of a 3D scanning electron microscope more accurately. We also propose a Bayesian maximum a posteriori deconvolution algorithm with a non-local image prior which employs this PSF estimate and previously developed noise statistics. We demonstrate visual quality improvements and show that applying our method improves the quality of subsequent segmentation steps.