Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘Partnership’ and new industrial relations in a risk society

The article argues that the concept of risk should be at the heart of any discussion on partnership-based approaches to employment relations. It draws attention to two sets of organizational-related risk - distributive risks, related to material and environmental factors and exchanges, and political risks, related to organizational practices and legitimacy. These risks are shown to emerge from both exogenous and endogenous forces, and to have become more problematic because of the macro political and socio-economic context of workplace change. Given this changing context of risk, we argue that ‘new’ partnership relations between labour and management are fundamentally unstable. We contend that the concept of risk has to be approached in a much more explicit, focused and subtle manner than is apparent in the current debate on partnership, if we are to understand the challenges and contradictions underpinning the emergence of new industrial relations systems.
INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC MANAGEMENT IN ORGANIZATIONS: (REVIEW ARTICLE)

Organizations are key elements intoday’s society. But organizations cannot succeed in performing their tasks and reaching their goals unless they have a strong and efficient management. Management and leadership are pillars of every organization and the most important factor of success in achieving goals at national and international levels. Expanding knowledge of management and technology, developing tools and success measure requires evaluating, improving and enhancing the performance of the organizations. Management performance in organizations in any country is based on the culture of that country. Efficient research in Iran’s Islamic society and in its organizations for understanding the culture and economy of the society is on one hand, and understanding Islam and religious doctrines on the other. In Islamic management, in addition to the emphasis put on the proper use of the best and most advanced science and technologies and welfare and salvation tools, the role of the leader and the manager toward moving forward and reaching the goals is of great importance. That is because of the fact that the leader and the manager can, according to human dignity, value issues, rules and regulations consistent with divine commandments, organize and enhance the capital and the spiritual, human, communicational and informational resources in accordance with the culture and economy. In Islamic management, everything is measured according to ideal, risky or critical conditions, and time, human and ethical management. In the end, any action which draws man closer to God will be considered for managers and their organizations as the ultimate achievement. Hence, this study, given the magnitude of the subject of Islamic management, examines some aspects and methods of Islamic management in performance and success of organizations.
The impact of Facebook presence on brand image

Although the study does not indicate a significant relationship between the brand use of Facebook pages and consumer purchase intention, it seems there is an impact of Facebook presence on brand image which is an important factor relating to increased sales and brand survival in a competitive international environment. The study investigated the impact that social networks have on developing and maintaining company brands. Two similar questionnaires were developed, one for consumers (269 respondents) and another administered to companies (42 respondents) to study a firm’s social network site from their and the consumer’s perspective. It was interesting to note that both consumers and companies responded that the content of the Facebook brand page is the most valuable feature indicating that companies recognise the importance of content and are responding to consumer’s needs in the network.
Screening for Hepatitis C Virus in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals

ABSTRACT Immunosuppression from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may impair antibody formation, and false-negative hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) tests have been reported in individuals coinfected with HIV and HCV. It is unknown if the frequency of false-negative tests is sufficiently high to change screening recommendations in this setting. Thus, the prevalence of false-negative results for anti-HCV by third-generation tests was determined with samples from HIV-infected individuals. Sera from 559 HIV-infected and 944 HIV-negative prospectively followed injection drug users were tested for anti-HCV by a third-generation enzyme immunoassay and for HCV RNA by using a branched DNA assay and the HCV COBAS AMPLICOR system. Of 559 HIV-infected participants, 547 (97.8%) were anti-HCV positive. One of the remaining 12 anti-HCV-negative participants was HCV RNA positive, and she later developed detectable anti-HCV. Of the 944 HIV-negative participants, 825 (87.4%) were anti-HCV positive. One of the remaining 119 anti-HCV-negative participants was HCV RNA positive, and she also developed detectable anti-HCV at a later visit. These data indicate that HIV infection does not alter the approach to hepatitis C virus screening, which should be performed with third-generation assays for anti-HCV unless acute infection is suspected.
Global Warming with Green and Brown Consumers

In this paper, I investigate how much green polluters mitigate the familiar dynamic “tragedy of the commons” (“global warming”). Green consumers feel penalized (“pain”) for any consumption in excess of the social optimum; this can arise, for example, from Kant’s categorical moral imperative. Interplays among and between green and brown consumers are investigated as differential games. Green preferences, the heterogeneity of consumers, and the irreversibility of emissions lead to discontinuous strategies. Associated with these are a number of non-trivial and even puzzling features (e.g., the possibility of another “green paradox”).
Use of tusks in feeding by dugongid sirenians: Observations and tests of hypotheses

Most living and fossil sea cows of the subfamily Dugonginae (Dugongidae, Sirenia, Mammalia) are characterized by large upper incisor tusks, which are thought to play an important role (at least primitively) in feeding on seagrass rhizomes. Testing this hypothesis is difficult, because the only extant tusked sirenian (Dugong dugon) is morphologically and perhaps behaviorally aberrant. The tests attempted here involve examination of stomach contents of wild Recent dugongs, experiments using plastic replicas of diverse tusks to harvest seagrasses, gross anatomical observations on tusks and skulls, measurements of tusk tip geometry, and observations of microwear on tusks. We conclude that (a) male D. dugon (with erupted tusks) do not consume more rhizomes than females (without erupted tusks); (b) the tusks do not play a significant role in feeding in the modern dugong; (c) larger, more bladelike tusks are more effective at harvesting rhizomes, but the effect of shape was not experimentally separated from the effect of exposed tusk length; (d) some fossil dugongines show apparent cranial adaptations for downward and backward cutting motions of their large, bladelike tusks; (e) geometry of wear surfaces is consistent with use of at least the more bladelike tusks as cutting instruments; (f) preliminary observations of microwear in D. dugon do not indicate more than occasional use of the tusks in purposeful harvesting of rhizomes, and then only opportunistically by large adult males. The hypothesis of such tusk use by extinct dugongines (in contrast to the living species) is so far corroborated, but available data and tests do not suffice to establish this conclusively. Anat Rec, 290:523–538, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A place called childhood

Somewhere over the rainbow, In a Never Never Land, Back behind the House at Pooh Corner, Where I know the Wild Things are, There is a place called childhood. This is a place where you can eat Green Eggs and Ham. You can meet Big Bird or Donald Duck. This is not a place where adults roam freely. This is a place where fantasy can be a reality, And learning can be playful. This is a place which now includes computers. Today, children can interact with characters in ancient fables or new original poetry. With computer tools they can wander through animated reference materials that explain the scientific principles behind a zipper or a nuclear reactor. With computer games they can go out in space, back in time, or across the world and learn facts about science, history, and geography. Children can also be authors of their own multimedia experiences. They can create slide shows that feature the growth of a plant, music videos that animate the parts of the body, or
Expenditure on health care in obese women with and without sleep apnea.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of obesity and sleep apnea on health care expenditure in women over 10 years. DESIGN Retrospective observational study SETTING Tertiary university-based medical center PATIENTS AND CONTROLS Three groups of age-matched women: 223 obese women with OSAS (body mass index: 39.3 +/- 0.6 kg/m2), and from the general population, 223 obese controls (BMI 36.3 +/- 0.4) and 223 normal weight controls (BMI 23.9 +/- 0.4). INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS We examined health care utilization in the 3 matched groups for the 10 years leading up to the documentation of OSAS. The mean physician fees and the number of physician visits were significantly higher in obese controls than in normal weight controls during the observed period. Physician fees and physician visits progressively increased in the 10 years before diagnosis in the OSAS cases and were significantly higher than in the matched obese controls. Physician fees, in Canadian dollars, one year before diagnosis in the OSAS cases were higher than in obese controls: $547.49 +/- 34.79 vs $246.85 +/- 20.88 (P<0.0001). More was spent for OSAS cases on physician fees for circulatory, endocrine and metabolic diseases, and mental disorders than the obese controls. Physician visits one year before diagnosis in the OSAS cases were more frequent than in the obese controls: 13.2 +/- 0.73 visits vs 7.26 +/- 0.49 visits (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Obese women are heavier users of health services than normal weight controls. Obese women with OSAS use significantly more health services than obese controls. Since OSAS imposes a greater financial burden, treatment of OSAS may reduce other comorbidities and lower overall medical costs.
The Paradigm of Sustainability In Turkey's Energy Sector

Abstract The concept of sustainability can be a way to understand the dynamics of reality and to consider not only the economic growth but also the social, environmental and cultural aspects of development. This new paradigm questions the role of nature as an instrument only to satisfy human needs and brings into consideration the rational use of natural resources through responsible environmental policies keeping in mind the needs of future generations. Economic growth, considered as the notion of progress, brings intrinsically not only the extensive nature of exploitation but also the intensification of energy use. Energy sources become, then, a strategic variable for economic development. The energy policy of Turkey is an appropriate case study for the paradigm of sustainability overview as it is characterized by isolated initiatives and programs, which culminated into a huge crisis. This article aims to discuss the concepts of sustainability and ethics through the analysis of the Turkish energy policy and its social and environmental implications.
Embracing diversity, correcting inequalities: towards a new global governance for the UNESCO World Heritage

This paper addresses imbalances affecting world heritage sites in terms of how well conserved they are and what resources are available for their valorisation. The authors propose a policy mechanism of global governance divided into three steps. The first is a tax mechanism based on collecting resources from tourist activities and redistributing these resources at a regional level. The second step is meant to ensure an objective approach to measuring the needs and risk value of world heritage sites. The third step consists in using valorisation strategies to generate new economic resources, in particular from cultural tourism. The authors proposal is a contribution to the growing literature on UNESCO world heritage sites which helps ground the approach to decision making adopted to raise funds for conservation.
Power and Trade: The Israeli-Palestinian Economic Protocol

Economics have been so central to the Arab-Israeli accommodation effort over the last two years that there sometimes appears to be a deliberate attempt to submerge political issues. As an example of the intimate interaction between politics and economics, accommodation has been marketed as the road to regional prosperity while the prosperitycoupled with the creation of economic interdependencies-is being billed as the guarantee for the accommodation's durability. These premises are exemplified in the "Casablanca Declaration" issued on 1 November 1994 at the end of the two-day Middle East/North Africa Economic Summit that was attended by high-level official delegates, businessmen, and specialists from the two regions, Europe, the United States, and other countries. * The premises can be argued and deserve a separate analysis. Nonetheless, the "vision" of mutually-reinforcing peace and prosperity has been very much in evidence in the Palestinian-Israeli accommodation process as well. It underlies, in particular, the pledge of $2.4 billion by
Information Systems Strategy Development at Sainsbury's Supermarkets Using Soft OR

In 1989, Sainsbury's, the largest UK supermarket chain, developed a new information systems IS strategy. To obtain management ownership of the strategy and commitment to implementation, it adopted a participative approach using "soft" OR methods. The resulting strategy was projected to cost $73 million and give annual benefits of $64 million. Five years into the strategy the outcome can be evaluated. Inevitably the strategy has evolved. Implementation has taken longer and costs are more than estimated; but benefits are exceeding expectations. The results indicate the effectiveness of the decision-making process used, showing that qualitative OR approaches can be used to good effect and can sometimes be subjected to quantitative assessment.
Competition and representation during memory retrieval: Roles of the prefrontal cortex and the posterior parietal cortex

In this functional-MRI study we examined the hypothesis that the prefrontal cortex responds differently to the extent of competition during retrieval, whereas the parietal cortex is responsible for problem representation that should not be directly related to the competition. Participants mastered arbitrary person–location pairs, and their recognition memory was tested in a functional-MRI session. The pairs were constructed such that a person was associated with one, two, or three different locations and vice versa. The recognition time increased with the number of associations, reflecting increased competition. A confirmatory analysis of imaging data with prespecified prefrontal and parietal regions showed that, although both regions were highly involved during memory retrieval, only the prefrontal region responded to the levels of competition. This result was consistent with predictions of an information-processing model as well as with an exploratory identification of regions of interest.
Phenomenology of ground scattering in tropical forests through polarimetric SAR tomography

This paper aims at characterizing the scattering mechanisms occurring at the ground level in a tropical forest illuminated by a P-Band SAR. The analyzed data set is the one collected by ONERA over Paracou, French Guyana, in the frame of the ESA campaign TropiSAR. The favorable baseline distribution of this data set results in the possibility to remove most contributions from the vegetation layer by tomographic techniques, thus allowing a direct investigation of ground scattering. Two major conclusions are drawn: i) double bounce scattering from trunk-ground interactions is observed to be the dominant scattering mechanism at the ground level on flat terrains, whereas it rapidly tend to vanish as the topographic slope increases; ii) the characteristic parameter that rules trunk-ground scattering is not the tree height, but rather the available free path facing the tree, as a result of the presence of nearby trees or understory preventing double bounce scattering from taking place whenever the ground bounce occurs too far away from the considered tree.
Social acceptance of a childcare support robot system

This paper investigates people's social acceptance of a childcare support robot system and compares their attitudes to two childcare technologies: anesthesia during labor and baby food (processed food and formula milk), which includes powdered milk and instant food for babies and toddlers. To investigate their social acceptance, we developed scales from three points of view: safety and trustworthy, diligence, and decreasing workload. For this paper, our participants were comprised of 412 people located through a web-based survey and 14 people who experienced the prototype of our childcare support robot system. They answered questionnaires about our three developed scales and an intention to use scale to investigate their social acceptance toward childcare support technologies. The web-based survey results indicate that our system's concept was evaluated lower than current childcare support technologies, but people who experienced our system prototype evaluated it higher than those who filled out web-based surveys.
Isolation and identification of Candida spp. from mastitis cattle milk and determination of antifungal susceptibilities.

Isolation and identification of Candida spp. and determination of their antifungal susceptibilities that cause mycotic mastitis in cattle in Tekirdag province and its counties in Marmara Region were aimed in this research. 100 mastitis milk samples were used in the study. Microorganisms isolated as Candida spp. were identified by API 20C AUX rapid identification kit. Antifungal susceptibility rates of identified Candida spp. were determined by using disc diffusion technique. Candida spp. was detected in the 25 of the 100 mastitis milk samples. According to results of API 20C AUX rapid identification kit, 8 C. krusei (32%), 5 C. albicans (20%), 3 of each C. boidinii, C. famata and C. kefyr (12%), 2 C. spherica (8%) and 1 C. thermophilia (4%) were identified from the 25 isolated strains. In the evaluation of test results of isolated strains that performed in respect to M-44 directive of CLSI (Method for Antifungal Disc Diffusion Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts; Approved Guideline); all strains were found 100% susceptible to Ketoconazole and 100% resistant to Fluconazole, Miconazole, Amphoteracine B and Flucytosine. Two of the C. albicans (40%) and 1 of the C. krusei (12.5%) isolates were susceptible Nystatin while all the other isolates were moderately resistant to that. This study contributes significantly to the literature as one of the rare studies addressing the development of antifungal resistance.
Tigecycline for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: a systematic review of the evidence from microbiological and clinical studies.

OBJECTIVES Antimicrobial drug resistance is spreading among Enterobacteriaceae, limiting the utility of traditionally used agents. We sought to systematically review the microbiological activity and clinical effectiveness of tigecycline for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae, including those resistant to broad-spectrum beta-lactams due to the expression of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC enzymes and carbapenemases (including metallo-beta-lactamases). METHODS PubMed was searched for articles including relevant data. RESULTS Twenty-six microbiological and 10 clinical studies were identified. Tigecycline was active against more than 99% of 1936 Escherichia coli isolates characterized by any of the above resistance patterns (including 1636 ESBL-producing isolates) using the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) breakpoint of susceptibility (MIC < or = 2 mg/L). Findings were not different using the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoint (< or = 1 mg/L). Susceptibility rates for Klebsiella spp. with any of the above resistance patterns were 91.2% for 2627 isolates by the FDA criteria and 72.3% for 1504 isolates by the EUCAST criteria (92.3% for 2030 and 72.3% for 1284 ESBL-producing isolates, by the FDA and EUCAST criteria, respectively). The degree of microbiological activity of tigecycline against 576 MDR Enterobacter spp. isolates was moderate. In clinical studies, 69.7% of the 33 reported patients treated with tigecycline achieved resolution of an infection caused by a carbapenem-resistant or ESBL-producing or MDR Enterobacteriaceae. CONCLUSIONS Tigecycline is microbiologically active against almost all of the ESBL or MDR E. coli isolates and the great majority of ESBL or MDR Klebsiella spp. isolates. Further evaluation of its clinical utility against such resistant Enterobacteriaceae, particularly regarding non-labelled indications, is warranted.
Women and the Modernization of British Trade Unions: Meanings, Dimensions and the Challenge of Change

This article examines the position of women within the modernization processes of British trade unions, based on the first analysis to date of projects funded under the British government’s Trade Union Modernisation Fund. The focus of the article on the Trade Union Modernisation Fund provides unique insights into the relatively underexplored ‘inner workings’ of unions, and allows an examination of the types of modernization projects that may advance women’s interests within unions and the types of challenges such initiatives face. The projects suggested that reflection and learning around women’s interests and equality agendas were taking place, along with a degree of mainstreaming and embedding activity within union structures. However, projects had to face not only deeply entrenched constraints, but also a new set of challenges raised by the process of modernization itself.
Inhibition of Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DP IV, CD26) Activity Abrogates Stress‐Induced, Cytokine‐Mediated Murine Abortions

In the CBA × DBA/2 mouse model, stress‐triggered abortions are mediated by a Th1‐like cytokine response of decidual lymphocytes. The factors that determine the cytokine pattern leading to abortion are currently unknown. Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DP IV) enhances Th1‐cytokine responses and impairs the evolvement of a Th2 cytokine profile. The T‐cell‐activation antigen, CD26, possesses DP IV activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of DP IV activity and CD26‐positive decidual lymphocytes in murine stress‐triggered abortions by inhibition of DP IV activity. DBA/2‐mated CBA mice were stressed on day 5.5 of pregnancy and received daily injections of an inhibitor of DP IV activity, Ile‐thiazolidide (20 µmol/kg). On day 13 of gestation, the animals were sacrificed and the percentage of implants and abortions documented. CD26‐positive lymphocytes in spleen and uterine decidua and the intracellular cytokines interferon (IFN)‐γ and interleukin (IL)‐10 were determined by flow cytometry. Stressed and nonstressed animals receiving an inactive stereoisomeric form were used as controls. In mice receiving the DP IV inhibitor, stress failed to boost the abortion rate (37.2% versus 13.6%, P < 0.01). IFN‐γ producing cells were increased in stressed animals, but returned to the baseline upon the inhibition of DP IV. The number of IL‐10 producing cells was reduced in stressed animals, independent from DP IV inhibition.