Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Asymmetric Impact of Context on Advantaged versus Disadvantaged Options

Despite substantial prior research regarding the effect of context on choices, uncertainty remains regarding when particular context effects will be observed. In this article, the authors advance a new perspective on context-dependent choices, according to which context effects are a function of the relative advantage of one option over another and of the different strategies that decision makers evoke when making a choice. They propose that context effects resulting from the addition of a third option to a two-option set are more frequently observed when the added option is relatively similar (adjacent) to the “disadvantaged” alternative (i.e., the lower-share option) in the set. The authors conduct a series of studies to analyze the occurrence of context effects and find support for predictions related to asymmetric dominance and extremeness aversion.
A High-Level Semiotic Trust Agent Scoring Model for Collaborative Virtual Organsations

In this paper, we describe how a semiotic ladder, together with a supportive trust agent, can be used to address “soft” trust issues in the context of collaborative Virtual Organisations (VO). The intention is to offer all parties better support for trust (as reputation) management including the reduction of risk and improved reliability of VO e-services. The semiotic ladder is intended to support the VO e-service lifecycle through the articulation of e-trust at various levels of system abstraction, including trust as measurable confidence. At the social level, reputation and reliability measures of e-trust are the relevant dimensions as regards choice of VO partner and are also relevant to the negotiation of service level agreements between the VO partners. By contrast, at the lower levels of the trust ladder, e-trust measures typically address the degree to which secure sign on and message level security conforms to various tangible technological security protocols. The novel trust agent provides the e-service consumer with an objective measure of the trustworthiness of the e-service at run-time, just prior to its actual consumption. Specifically, VO e-service consumer confidence level is informed, by leveraging third party objective evidence. This evidence comprises a set of Corporate Governance (CG) scores. These scores are used as a trust proxy for the "real" owner of the VO. There are also inherent limitations associated with the use of CG scores. These are duly acknowledged.
The Hot Keyphrase Extraction Based on TF*PDF

Key phrase consisting of several words is viewed as the phrase that represent the topic and the content of the whole text. Extracting key phrase is a good way to detect hot topics and tracking topics from news report. In this paper, a two-step key phrase extraction method based on TF*PDF is proposed. In the first step, the position-weighted TF*PDF algorithm is proposed to obtain candidate hot term list and the bursty value of term is used to filter the noise in the list. In the second step, a phrase identification process combines hot terms into phrases using position information, frequency information etc. At last the position-weighted TF*PDF algorithm are also used to weight the phrase, and the top k phrases are chosen as hot key phrases. The experiments on the real web data indicate that our extraction method provides solutions with improved quality.
Probabilistic congestion prediction

Congestion is a fundamental problem in VLSI design flows. Typically, it is handled by feeding back density information to the placers and routers. Fast and accurate congestion estimation is key in order to obtain a design flow with less iterations and higher predictability.Fast congestion prediction is based on an accurate approximation of the actual routing engine. In this paper we show experimentally that the number of two-pin nets with more than two bends in the actual router is negligible. It is also established that the ratio between the number of L-shapes and Z-shapes is more or less a constant.A fast and accurate algorithm for congestion prediction is developed. The above observations are translated into probabilities, that are used to "smear" out a net over its possible realizations. Extensive experimental evidence is provided using industrial designs.
DIRECT EVIDENCE OF COLD GAS IN DLA 0812+32B

We present the first direct evidence for cold gas in a high redshift DLA galaxy. We measured several multiplets of weak neutral carbon (C i) transitions in order to perform a curve of growth analysis. A Δ χ2 test constrains the best-fit Doppler parameter, b = 0.33+0.05−0.04 km s−1 and log N(C i) = 13.30 ± 0.2 cm−2. This Doppler parameter constrains the kinetic temperature of the gas to T ⩽ 78 K (T ⩽ 115 K, 2σ). We used the associated C i fine structure lines to constrain the volume density of the gas, n(H i) ∼40–200 cm−3 (2σ), resulting in a lower limit on the cloud size of approximately 0.1–1 parsec. While it is difficult to determine the metallicity of the cold component, the absence of Cr ii indicates that the cold cloud suffers a high level of dust depletion. Additionally, the large amount of Lyman and Werner-band molecular hydrogen absorption (log N(H2)total = 19.88 cm−2, f 0.06) with an excitation temperature of Tex = 46 K as determined by the rotational J = 0 and J = 1 states, is consistent with the presence of cold gas. We propose that this cloud may be gravitationally confined and may represent a transition gas phase from primarily neutral atomic gas, to a colder, denser molecular phase that will eventually host star formation.
Psychosocial adjustment among cancer survivors: findings from a national survey of health and well-being.

OBJECTIVE The current study examined whether cancer survivors showed impairment, resilience, or growth responses relative to a sociodemographically matched sample in four domains: mental health and mood, psychological well-being, social well-being, and spirituality. The impact of aging on psychosocial adjustment was also investigated. DESIGN Participants were 398 cancer survivors who were participants in the MIDUS survey (Midlife in the United States) and 796 matched respondents with no cancer history. Psychosocial assessments were completed in 1995-1996 and 2004-2006. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes including self-report measures of mental health and mood, psychological well-being, social well-being, and spirituality. RESULTS Findings indicated that cancer survivors demonstrated impairment relative to the comparison group in mental health, mood, and some aspects of psychological well-being. Longitudinal analyses spanning pre- and postdiagnosis clarified that while mental health declined after a cancer diagnosis, poorer functioning in other domains existed prior to diagnosis. However, survivors exhibited resilient social well-being, spirituality, and personal growth. Moreover, age appeared to confer resiliency; older survivors were more likely than younger adults to show psychosocial functioning equivalent to their peers. CONCLUSION While younger survivors may be at risk for disturbances in mental health and mood, cancer survivors show resilience in other important domains of psychosocial adjustment.
Education for sustainable development : current fad or renewed commitment to action

The original idea to write this paper can possibly be traced back to the CEEE 2002 conference (Gent, Belgium). During that conference two things helped the author focus on the realities facing environmental education: a remark made by a young participant, i.e. “Don’t just talk about it . give us new ideas about how to do more”; and the clear rift between theory and practice that surfaced throughout the workshop sessions. After all these years, during which environmental education had to flourish and permeate our society, such situations raise important questions – that need to be answered particularly when we are more than midway through the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development. Are we witnessing the gradual demise of the environmental education movement or is this another phase in its evolution? In other words, have we arrived at the cross-roads – a paradigm shift? Has the theoretical framework, constructed to support practice, developed into an academic lucrative exercise – an irrelevant standalone? Has practice run amok without any sense of direction responding only to the whims of project funding agencies? Asking these questions may, for some, seem a futile rhetorical exercise. However, a closer analysis of the development of environmental education shows that avoiding these and similar questions about our actions will inevitably lead us to the same mistakes and render our progress a series of jump-starts.
1 AN INDUSTRY-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL AND REALIZED VALUE OF INVESTMENTS : AN INDUSTRY-LEVEL MODEL

Overview. Managers rely on prior beliefs and expectations to make decisions. Typically, IT investment decisions are made by weighing the potential benefits and actual costs of the investment. Hence, establishing an objective understanding of the potential value of such investments is crucial to ensure an effective investment decision making process. The potential benefits of IT investments, however, do not always translate directly to the actual payoffs of investments due to a variety of intervening factors in the value creation process. As such, there often is a gap between potential and realized value of IT investments which needs to be defined and measured (Davern and Kauffman 2000). Most studies in the value of IT literature focus on measuring the realized value of IT investments. Few have explored the issue of the potential value of IT. Moreover, none has developed objective measures for potential value based on explicit statements of theory. As a result, there are a number of modeling and statistical challenges that need to be overcome before we can offer better managerial guidance.
Non-Photorealistic Rendering for Streamline Stylization Using Sequential Filters

Non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) such as stylization has received much concern in area of computer graphics and image processing. In this paper, a simple and effective method is proposed for streamline stylization. Through a kind of sequential filters, the method performs a series of operations, including detail removal, region smoothing, structure enhancement, and edge sharpen, to transform common pictures into Impressionist oil-painting like images with streamline style. Experimental results on a gallery of images demonstrate that our method can render images in good NPR style impressively and provide encouraging visual effects.
Extended Version of Elucidative Development for Model-Based Documentation and Language Specification

Documentation is an essential activity in software development, for source code as well as modelling artefacts. Typically, documentation is created and maintained manually which leads to inconsistencies as documented artefacts like source code or models evolve during development. Existing approaches like literate/elucidative programming or literate modelling address these problems by deriving documentation from software development artefacts or vice versa. However, these approaches restrict themselves to a certain kind of artefact and to a certain phase of the software development life-cycle. In this paper, we propose elucidative development as a generalisation of these approaches supporting heterogeneous kinds of artefacts as well as the analysis, design and implementation phases of the software development life-cycle. Elucidative development allows for linking source code and model artefacts into documentation and thus, maintains and updates their presentation semiautomatically. We present DEFT as an integrated development environment for elucidative development. We show, how DEFT can be applied to language specifications like the UML specification and help to avoid inconsistencies caused by maintenance and evolution of such a specification.
Joint visual attention modeling for naturally interacting robotic agents

This paper elaborates on mechanisms for establishing visual joint attention for the design of robotic agents that learn through natural interfaces, following a developmental trajectory not unlike infants. We describe first the evolution of cognitive skills in infants and then the adaptation of cognitive development patterns in robotic design. A comprehensive outlook for cognitively inspired robotic design schemes pertaining to joint attention is presented for the last decade, with particular emphasis on practical implementation issues. A novel cognitively inspired joint attention fixation mechanism is defined for robotic agents.
Studies on the mechanism of membrane fusion: site-specific mutagenesis of the hemagglutinin of influenza virus

Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis of a cDNA encoding the hemagglutinin of influenza virus has been used to introduce single base changes into the sequence that codes for the conserved apolar "fusion peptide" at the amino-terminus of the HA2 subunit. The mutant sequences replaced the wild-type gene in SV40-HA recombinant virus vectors, and the altered HA proteins were expressed in simian cells. Three mutants have been constructed that introduce single, nonconservative amino acid changes in the fusion peptide, and three fusion phenotypes were observed: substitution of glutamic acid for the glycine residue at the amino-terminus of HA2 abolished all fusion activity; substitution of glutamic acid for the glycine residue at position 4 in HA2 raised the threshold pH and decreased the efficiency of fusion; and, finally, extension of the hydrophobic stretch by replacement of the glutamic acid at position 11 with glycine yielded a mutant protein that induced fusion of erythrocytes with cells with the same efficiency and pH profile as the wild-type protein. However, the ability of this mutant to induce polykaryon formation was greatly impaired. Nevertheless, all the mutant proteins underwent a pH-dependent conformational change and bound to liposomes. These results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of HA-induced membrane fusion.
ANALISIS PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN WORK ENGAGEMENT TERHADAP PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL TENAGA KERJA DI PT PETROKIMIA GRESIK DENGAN PENDEKATAN STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING (SEM)

Perusahaan-perusahaan di era globalisasi berlomba-lomba meningkatkan manajemen kualitas untuk dapat bertahan dan memenangkan persaingan. PT Petrokimia Gresik merupakan salah satu perusahaan berstatus BUMN (Badan Usaha Milik Negara) dalam lingkup Departemen Perindustrian dan Perdagangan yang terus berperan aktif dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan pupuk dan bahan-bahan kimia lainnya sebagai lokomotif perekonomian bangsa. Terdapat delapan prinsip manajemen kualitas yang salah satunya adalah involvement of people. Maka, perusahaan perlu memperhatikan variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi kinerja karyawannya karena SDM (Sumber Daya Manusia) merupakan unsur terpenting dalam perusahaan untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas perusahaan. Variabel yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan adalah motivasi kerja dan work engagement. Ketiga variabel tersebut dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) untuk mengetahui indikator apa saja dan variabel apa yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa work enggament berpengaruh signifikan terhadap performance appraisal (kinerja karyawan) dan motivasi. Artinya, semakin baik work engagement seperti keadaan lingkungan kerja, hubungan antara karyawan dan pimpinan, serta perasaan nyaman setiap individu terhadap pekerjaannya mampu meningkatkan kinerja dan motivasi karyawan yang berdampak baik bagi perusahaan. Motivasi tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap kinerja karyawan, namun dengan adanya faktor eksternal yaitu work engagement maka motivasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap performance appraisal tenaga kerja.
Changes in in fl ation dynamics under in fl ation targeting ? Evidence from Central European countries ☆

☆ This work was supported by Czech National Bank Rese Baxa acknowledges the support by the Grant Agency of P402/12/G097. The opinions and views expressed in this thors and do not necessarily reflect the position and view any other institution with which the authors are assoc Cuaresma, Katarína Daníšková, Jarko Fidrmuc, Jan Filá Rumler for their helpful comments. The paper also bene CNB seminars. ⁎ Corresponding author at: Czech National Bank, Econ Příkopě 28, Prague 1 11503, Czech Republic. Tel. : +420 414 278. E-mail addresses: borek.vasicek@cnb.cz, borek.vasicek
Industry network embeddedness and USO performance: An mediating model

Previous studies explicitly or implicitly concluded that there were many factors impacting on University Spin-offs'(USO) performance, but there is little empirical evidence for linkages among USOs' network embeddedness and performance based on entrepreneurial orientations perspective. Did Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) make China USOs' performance difference after embedding into industrial network? Based on the survey data of China University Spin-offs (USO), the empirical results suggested that the embeddedness at the firm level does significantly affect China university spin-offs' performance, but it is partly mediated by the sub-dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO). Implications for both research and practice are discussed herein.
QoS Measurement of VoIP End-points

VoIP (Voice over IP) is a service that requires synergy between the underlying network for transport and the endpoints responsible for voice processing. We evaluate the end-to-end quality and performance of several VoIP end-points. In particular, we focus on the following aspects: mouth-to-ear (M2E) delay, clock skew and behavior under packet loss. Our measurement results show that M2E delay depends mostly on the receiving end-point, and when hardware IP phones act as receivers, they achieve low average M2E delay (45-90ms) in a LAN environment. For software VoIP clients as receivers, their average M2E delays range from 65ms to over 400ms. We find that all tested hardware IP phones support some form of packet concealment and it works well for up to two consecutive losses at 20 ms packet intervals. Keyword IP Telephony, voice over IP, quality of service, end-to-end, delay, jitter
Cleft Palate Is Caused by CNS Dysfunction in Gad1 and Viaat Knockout Mice

Background Previous studies have shown that disruption of GABA signaling in mice via mutations in the Gad1, Gabrb3 or Viaat genes leads to the development of non-neural developmental defects such as cleft palate. Studies of the Gabrb3 and Gad1 mutant mice have suggested that GABA function could be required either in the central nervous system or in the palate itself for normal palatogenesis. Methodology/Principal Findings To further examine the role of GABA signaling in palatogenesis we used three independent experimental approaches to test whether Gad1 or Viaat function is required in the fetal CNS for normal palate development. We used oral explant cultures to demonstrate that the Gad1 and Viaat mutant palates were able to undergo palatogenesis in culture, suggesting that there is no defect in the palate tissue itself in these mice. In a second series of experiments we found that the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol could rescue the cleft palate phenotype in Gad1 and Viaat mutant embryos. This suggested that normal multimeric GABAA receptors in the CNS were necessary for normal palatogenesis. In addition, we showed that CNS-specific inactivation of Gad1 was sufficient to disrupt palate development. Conclusions/Significance Our results are consistent with a role for Gad1 and Viaat in the central nervous system for normal development of the palate. We suggest that the alterations in GABA signaling lead to non-neural defects such as cleft palate as a secondary effect due to alterations in or elimination of fetal movements.
39. Opinion mining and sentiment analysis

Opinions are ubiquitous in text, and readers of on-line text — from consumers to sports fans to news addicts to governments — can benefit from automatic methods that synthesise useful opinion-orientated information from the sea of data. In this chapter on opinion mining and sentiment analysis, we introduce an idealised, end-to-end opinion analysis system and describe its components, including constructing opinion lexica, performing sentiment analysis, and producing opinion summaries.
On Large Scale Evolutionary Optimization Using Simplex-Based Cooperative Coevolution Genetic Algorithm

Destruction of interdependencies of multivariable in decomposing hyper-high dimensional problems into single variable is generally the main reason that Conventional CC framework fails to optimize inseparable problems. An improved CC framework is proposed, which designs a basic optimizer that has better performance in high-dimension optimization. The optimizer is a simplex-based genetic algorithm (HD-simplex GA) that is composed by a fusion of the multi-direction searches of the Nelder-Mead simplex method and the evolution mechanism of steady GA. Based on above points, a simplex-based cooperative co-evolution genetic algorithm (Simplex CCGA) is presented. Extensive computational studies had been made to evaluate the performance of simplex CCGA in several benchmark functions with up to 500-1500 dimension. The results show that Simplex CCGA is more effective and efficient in the treatment of large scale optimization problems. Keywords-component; Cooperative co-evolution, the NelderMead simplex method, multi-direction search, hybrid genetic algorithm, large scale optimization
Differences in Disciplinary Consequence for Texas Middle School Boys as a Function of Ethnicity/Raceand Economic Status

Examined in this study was the degree to which differences were present in Juvenile Justice Alternative Education Program (JJAEP) placements for Grade 7 and 8 boys in Texas as a function of their ethnicity/race and economic status. Texas statewide middle school discipline data were obtained from the Texas Education Agency Public Education Information Management System on all boys in the 2010-2011 school year. Inferential statistical procedures revealed the presence of statistically significant differences in JJAEP placements forboys in both Grades 7 and 8 as a function of their economic status and ethnicity/race. In both Grade 7 and Grade 8, Black boys had statistically significantly higher percentage of JJAEP placements than their White counterparts, 3 to 4 times higher. For Hispanic boys in Grades 7 and 8, they had a JJAEP placement rate that was 2 to 3 times higher than the JJAEP placement rate of White boys.