Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A BACTERIA TMDL FOR SHOAL CREEK USING SWAT MODELING AND DNA SOURCE TRACKING

A TMDL was developed for the Shoal Creek Watershed, a 365-km2 watershed in southwest Missouri. The watershed consists of grazed or hayed pastures (89%) fertilized with poultry litter and commercial nitrogen and some wooded areas (11%). The cattle roam freely through the pastures year-round and we estimated that 25% of the pastures have direct access to the stream. Potential sources of bacterial contamination were determined through DNA source tracking technologies. The technology was used to quantify the bacteria contribution from poultry litter spread on pastures, grazing cattle, wildlife, failing septic systems, and direct inputs such as cattle standing in the streams or pipes discharging wastewater into the streams. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool was used to simulate the flows in Shoal Creek as well as the fate and transport of nutrients in the watershed. The model was calibrated and validated using 3 years of daily flow data and 18 months of weekly nutrient data. The new bacteria equations in SWAT were then tested on this watershed. They include decay processes of bacteria in the streams as well as on the land and in the soil. The decay rates in soil water, in the soil, and in stream water are allowed to vary with water and air temperature. These equations were tested with 18 months of weekly fecal E. coli concentrations collected from grab samples. The model was used to develop and simulate alternative management practices that comply with the water quality criteria required for recreational uses of this stream.
Protocol design for an efficient Gateway Discovery & Dispatching for Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

The accessing of the internet from vehicular networks is getting great interest from the research point of view. It is very important to constantly connect to the Internet for stably receiving the cloud services on the road. For that purpose the discovery of the Proper Internet gateway is needed and for that purpose the selection of the gateway in an appropriate way is important to deliver the information and data services to the users of VANET. This paper proposes a gateway discovery mechanism for getting stable Internet connection with taking the consideration of the loading parameter of the gateway. The proper gateway discovery and dispatching made significant impacts on quality of services of cloud services. A gateway discovery mechanism is proposed to discover and select proper Internet gateways in VANET environment and provide services through it. This paper gives an overview of Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and the existing VANET routing protocols, it also investigates different routing schemes that have been developed for VANETs, Finally, it extracts the current trends and the challenges for efficient gateway discovery for VANETs using different routing mechanism.
Benchmarking of Robot Arm Motion Planning in Cluttered Environments

Motion planning is essential for robotic automation across various industries. However, generalizing research outcomes has been challenging due to the narrow focus of previous work on a specific robot arm system. Here, we take a broader approach by exploring the combinations of three popular robot arm systems, three levels of clutterness in the environment, and twelve popular motion planners. To conduct the necessary performance analysis, we employ Motionbenchmaker tool and introduce a sensitivity metric. Our approach is structured and accessible, enabling the identification of the best-performing planner-robotic arm combinations. We find that the LBKPIECE, RRTConnect, and BKPIECE planners with Franka and UR5 offers the best balance of effectiveness and robustness. More generally, our results help researchers and practitioners make informed decisions when selecting robotic arms and motion planners, for use in environments with different degrees of clutterness.
Smart Industrial Safety using Computer Vision

More than 2.3 million people worldwide suffer from work-related injuries or illnesses each year, resulting in more than 6,000 deaths per day. Providing an unclear work environment and failing to wear appropriate personal protective equipment have been identified as significant contributors to workplace accidents, making it imperative that employers prioritize workplace safety as a priority. Providing proper personal protective equipment (PPE) and maintaining a well-organized, clearly marked (unsafe) work environment can help prevent inconvenient workplace incidents. Furthermore, it promotes a safe working environment, reduces the likelihood of life-threatening events, and enhances overall business and economic conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes safe, smart manufacturing by implementing computer vision technology to detect appropriate PPE worn by workers and ensure a safe workspace to reduce the risk of human injuries. By utilising computer vision technology, we can identify PPE, such as gloves, helmets, and working forklifts, used by workers in the manufacturing environment. A precision of 80.6% and 86% have been reached using YOLOv8 for all classes in both datasets. In general, an extensive review of both datasets, including five performance metrics, is considered.
Extremophilic Solutions: The Role of Deinoxanthin in Counteracting UV-Induced Skin Harm

This research delved into the protective capacities of deinoxanthin, a carotenoid present in Deinococcus radiodurans, against UVA- and UVB-mediated skin damage using human fibroblast foreskin cells (HFF-1). Using the MTT assay, HFF-1 cells treated with 10 µM DNX displayed 20% and 31.7% higher viability than the positive (Vitamin C-treated) and negative (DNX-untreated) control groups, respectively, upon 100 mJ/cm2 UVB exposure. At 24 J/cm2 UVA, 20 µM DNX-treated cells showed 80.6% viability, exceeding the positive and negative control groups by 28.6% and 33.6%, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that cells treated with DNX and exposed to 24 J/cm2 UVA exhibited a 69.32% reduction in apoptotic processes compared to untreated cells. Similarly, when exposed to 100 mJ/cm2 UVB, DNX-treated cells demonstrated a 72.35% decrease in apoptotic processes relative to their untreated counterparts. DNX also displayed dose-dependent inhibition on tyrosinase activity. The study emphasized DNX’s antioxidative capacity, evident in its modulation of superoxide dismutase activity and measurements of Malondialdehyde and intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. DNX-treated cells exhibited higher hydroxyproline levels, suggesting healthier collagen production. Additionally, the wound-healing assay method confirmed an accelerated healing rate in DNX-treated cells. Conclusively, DNX offers significant protection against UV-induced skin damage, emphasizing its potential for skincare and therapeutics.
The Effects of Regional Hydrologic Alteration on Fish Community Structure in Regulated Rivers

Alterations to temporal patterns of river flow regimes resulting from damming and flow regulation practices may have negative consequences for freshwater communities. However, little has been performed to develop a holistic approach to assess the effects of hydrologic alterations on fish communities across a wide range of rivers and between different regulation strategies. To address this, we used daily and hourly hydrologic data from gauges in 10 regulated and 14 unregulated Canadian rivers. Building on the Ecological Limits of Hydrologic Alteration concept, hydrologic alterations for many ecologically relevant flow indices were combined to obtain river‐specific hydrologic alteration scores. Extensive community surveys to estimate fish abundance, biomass, diversity indices and habitat guild representation provided data for the derivation of similar river‐specific biotic alteration scores relative to unregulated river conditions. Our results indicate that biological impairment consisting of significant biotic alteration relative to the means from unregulated rivers was directly related to increasing flow alteration scores, with the smallest fish and flow alteration scores observed in run‐of‐river systems and the greatest alteration scores under hydro‐peaking regimes. Our approach not only examined the relationship between river‐specific hydrologic alteration scores and the associated biotic responses, but also provided a more comprehensive assessment of the flow‐response alteration relationship between regulation practices, which may better inform future environmental flow management guidelines. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The dehydration carousel of stratospheric water vapor in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone

Abstract. During the StratoClim Geophysica campaign, air with total water mixing ratios up to 200 ppmv and ozone up to 250 ppbv was observed within the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone up to 1.7 km above the local cold-point tropopause (CPT). To investigate the temporal evolution of enhanced water vapor being transported into the stratosphere, we conduct forward trajectory simulations using both a microphysical and an idealized freeze-drying model. The models are initialized at the measurement locations and the evolution of water vapor and ice is compared with satellite observations of MLS and CALIPSO. Our results show that these extremely high water vapor values observed above the CPT are very likely to undergo significant further freeze-drying due to experiencing extremely cold temperatures while circulating in the anticyclonic “dehydration carousel”. We also use the Lagrangian dry point (LDP) of the merged back-and-forward trajectories to reconstruct the water vapor fields. The results show that the extremely high water vapor mixed with the stratospheric air has a negligible impact on the overall water vapor budget. The LDP mixing ratios are a better proxy for the large-scale water vapor distributions in the stratosphere during this period.
Navigation with a Cooperative Social Robot for a Group of Visitors using Face Detection and a ‘Stop and Wait’ Scheme

The work is on the use of a robot as a guide that takes visitors for a guided tour around a facility. A past project of the research group proposed a robot guide that enacted a pre-recorded tour, however, had a limited applicability as the humans rarely followed the guided tour and the robot did not respond to the movement of the visitors. A robotic guide must ensure that it takes the visitors along, who are not left behind, while typically maintaining comforting distances from the visitor. The width and height of the human face is computed which is inversely proportional to the distance of the person from the robot. Further, we construct a method which guides visitors cooperatively. The robot moves sequentially to different locations with the visitors, and if any visitor is found missing, the robot stops and waits for that visitor. When the visitor becomes visible, the robot resumes the journey. The robot moves and navigates as a guide for a group of visitors maintaining appropriate distances from the visitor using the distance measurement methodology. The results are demonstrated by making the robot take visitors on a guided tour of the Robotics and Machine Intelligence Laboratory. The robot waits if a visitor leaves the group for calls or any other reason, while also waits if the visitors lag behind. The work demonstrates the ability of a robot to be socially complaint while taking a group of visitors on a guided tour.
On the Theory and Application of the Fractional-Order Dirac-Delta Function

In this brief, we study a generalized fractional-order Dirac delta function defined using the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Wright function <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{\alpha }(t)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The function <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{\alpha }(t)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the inverse Laplace transform of the single-parameter Mittag-Leffler function <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{\alpha }({-}s)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which itself can be viewed as the fractional-order generalization of the exponential function for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0 < \alpha < 1$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. At the limiting case of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha = 1$ </tex-math></inline-formula> the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-Wright function reduces to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M_{1}(t)=\delta (t-1)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which is the inverse Laplace transform of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$e^{-s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. We investigate numerically the behavior of this fractional-order delta function as well as its integral, the fractional-order unit-step function. Both functions are critical in obtaining the impulse-response and step-response of dynamical systems. We validate our results with experimental impulse response of a supercapacitor subjected to a fractional-order delta function current signal.
Single Nucleotide Variants in the TLR1, TLR2 and TLR6 Genes: A Case–Control Study in a Colombian Population

Background: Single nucleotide variants in toll-like receptor genes play a crucial role in leprosy susceptibility or resistance. Methods: With an epidemiology case–control study, associations between SNVs rs5743618 in TLR1, rs5743708 in TLR2, and rs5743810 in TLR6 and overall susceptibility for leprosy were estimated in 114 cases and 456 controls. Following that, stratified analysis was performed. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. Genotyping was performed using predesigned TaqMan probes. Results: The A/G genotype of rs5743810 behaved as a protective factor for the development of leprosy in the codominant (OR= 0.37; 95% CI = 016–0.86, p = 0.049) and over-dominant (OR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.16–0.88, p = 0.019) inheritance models. The A/G and A/A genotypes behaved as a protective factor (OR = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.17–0.87, p = 0.016) in the dominant model. The SNVs rs5743618 and rs5743708 showed no association with any of the models. The CGG haplotype (rs5743618–rs5743708–rs5743810) behaved as a susceptibility factor for developing leprosy (OR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.11–3.10, p = 0.019). The latter haplotype behaved as a susceptibility factor for leprosy development in women (OR = 2.39; 95% CI = 1.21–4.82, p = 0.013). Conclusions: The identified variants in the genes encoding TLRs, specifically rs5743810 in TLR6 and CGG (rs5743618–rs5743708–rs5743810) haplotypes, may somehow explain leprosy susceptibility in the studied population in a leprosy endemic region in Colombia.
Simple Thermal Analysis as a Green Method for the Detection of Meat Adulteration

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is one of the most widely developed thermal analysis methods for meat samples for halal authentication of food or processed products. Research on adulteration detection for various types of meat and its derivatives has been developed before and still requires organic solvents. Therefore, the concept of the "green method" is being tried to develop in this research. DSC analyses are performed in the same experimental conditions for all sample powder: sample mass 2 mg, temperature range 30–400 °C, and heating rate 20 °C min−1. The results showed there is a characteristic minor endothermic peak for each meat. Chemometric analysis was carried out using the principal component analysis (PCA) method to ensure that the thermal characteristics of each meat were utterly different in both pure and mixed meat. The results of this analysis indicate that each pure meat has a different score plot. Therefore, the developed thermal analysis method is quite reliable in determining the different types of meat based on the characteristic minor endothermic peak in the thermogram and the score plot from PCA analysis.
Associations of handgrip weakness and asymmetry with new-onset stroke in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a cohort study

Background Weak handgrip strength (HGS) has been linked to adverse health outcomes including stroke. However, the joint associations of HGS weakness and asymmetry between limbs with stroke incidence remain underexplored. Methods This cohort study analyzed data of participants aged ≥45 years from three waves (2011, 2013, and 2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Weak HGS was defined according to the recommendation of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Asymmetric HGS was defined if the HGS ratio of both hands was over 1.1 or below 0.9. New-onset stroke was confirmed through self-report of physician’s diagnosis. Results A total of 10,966 participants without stroke at baseline were included in the analysis. During the 4 years follow-up, there were 262 (2.39%) new-onset stroke cases. Compared to individuals with non-weak and symmetric HGS, those with HGS asymmetry alone and weakness alone were associated with hazards of 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–1.48) and 1.27 (95%CI: 0.86–1.88) for new-onset stroke, respectively, while co-occurrence of both HGS asymmetry and weakness was associated with 1.80 (95%CI: 1.24–2.60) greater hazard for new-onset stroke after controlling for confounders. Such associations were consistent in older adults aged ≥60 years, but not in those aged<60 years. Conclusion Individuals with both weak and asymmetric HGS tended to have greater risk of new-onset stroke, compared to those with normal HGS, or with either weak or asymmetric HGS alone. Our finding suggested that examining HGS asymmetry alongside weakness may help to improve the risk-stratification and target prevention of stroke, particularly in the older population.
Combustion Instability Diagnosis of OH* Chemiluminescence Based on a Self-Supervised Learning Method

Combustion instability has many detrimental effects on the dynamics and structural reliability of areo-engines and gas turbines. Hence, combustion diagnosis plays an important role on engine and turbine health monitoring and prognostics. In this paper, premixed combustion experiments were designed to obtain flame stability and instability data by varying different equivalence ratios and verified the ability of four backbones extracting features on combustion instability in a supervised-learning way. In order to address the problem that the performance of the model is directly related to the labeling of the data, especially for the case where the label classification criterion is ambiguous, a method was proposed based on the SimCLR, a self-supervised method, involving pre-training the model on a large unlabeled dataset and fine-tuning on a smaller labeled dataset for the downstream task. The experimental results show that the method can achieve remarkable enhancement in the models' expressiveness, pushing their upper limit to unprecedented levels by leveraging the self-supervised learning, though fine-tuning only with a small number of labels.
Shortest Route * Bidirectional Search Algorithm for Predicting Shortest Routes in Traffic

Road traffic congestion is a pressing issue that plagues urban areas, causing delays, inefficiency, and environmental problems. Smart traffic management systems aim to tackle this problem by utilizing advanced Shortest route * Bidirectional Search algorithms. The Shortest route * bidirectional search algorithm(SRSBSA) in smart traffic systems is used to efficiently avoid road traffic congestion and find the shortest route to reach the destination. Simultaneously exploring the search space from both the starting point and the destination, the algorithm significantly reduces the computational effort required to find the optimal path. distance, driver behavior, estimated travel considers road, type of holiday, peak hours, tr flow, and road capacities, vehicle characteristics. It considers the characteristic road type, holiday typing one-way streets, turn road capacities, and d limits, to generate accurate and feasible route suggestions to determine the best shortest route. The algorithm leverages heuristic estimates and evaluates various route options to guide drivers toward the shortest route. Implementing the Shortest route * bidirectional Search algorithm in smart traffic produces the result in high accuracy level of 95%. This leads to improved travel time, increased transportation efficiency, and a more sustainable urban environment.
Continuing Severe Water Shortage in the Water‐Receiving Area of the South‐To‐North Water Diversion Eastern Route Project From 2002 to 2020

The water‐receiving area of the South‐to‐North Water Diversion Eastern Route Project (SNWDP‐ER) is one of the most severely affected water‐shortage areas in China, and no previous study has been conducted on the changes in water storage in this area. In this study, we combined the latest Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) And GRACE Follow‐On products with global models for the first time to analyze changes in water storages in this area from 2002 to 2020, and to investigate the effects of climate change and human activity on changes in water storage. We found that SNWDP‐ER aided the recovery of surface water (nongroundwater) with a recovery rate of 9.44 ± 1.65 mm/yr after its implementation, but had little effect on the recovery of groundwater and terrestrial water storage in the water‐receiving area. Before the SNWDP‐ER was implemented, the rates of decrease of groundwater and terrestrial water storage were only −1.59 ± 0.58 and −5.18 ± 0.75 mm/yr, respectively. After implementation, the rates of decrease of groundwater and terrestrial water storage were −17.7 ± 1.27 and −8.16 ± 1.18 mm/yr, respectively. Groundwater decline, accelerated by human activity and climate change, has led to an accelerated decline in terrestrial water storage. Effects of SNWDP‐ER and stringent policies reducing groundwater use, along with largely increased precipitation in North China on groundwater storage after year 2020 need to be examined in the future. Our results have important implications for the management and evaluation of SNWDP‐ER.
Influence des effets de forme et de taille des cavités, et de l'anisotropie plastique sur la rupture ductile

La rupture ductile des alliages metalliques survient suite a la nucleation, la croissance et la coalescence de microcavites. La premiere partie de cette these est consacree a l'etude des effets de forme et d'anisotropie plastique sur la phase de croissance des cavites. Dans un premier temps, nous implementons numeriquement le modele de croissance de Madou et Leblond pour des cavites ellipsoidales generales plongees dans un materiau isotrope dans un code de calcul par elements finis, afin d'appliquer le modele a des cas de rupture ou les effets de forme sont importants. On montre que la prise en compte des effets de forme des cavites est necessaire afin de reproduire la rupture ductile en cisaillement. Ce modele est ensuite etendu au cas de l'anisotropie plastique, en s'inspirant des travaux de Monchiet et Benzerga. On derive notamment un critere de plasticite macroscopique pour les materiaux anisotropes contenant des cavites ellipsoidales generales, que nous validons par analyse limite numerique. La seconde partie de la these est dediee a l'etude des effets de taille sur la rupture ductile des materiaux nanoporeux contenant des cavites spheriques ou spheroidales. Enfin, la troisieme partie de la these est consacree a l'etude des effets de forme et d'anisotropie plastique sur la phase de coalescence des cavites. Nous derivons deux nouveaux criteres de coalescence en couche que nous validons par analyse limite numerique. Cette etude nous permet de developper un nouveau critere permettant d'unifier les phases de croissance et coalescence. Enfin nous derivons un critere de coalescence pour les materiaux anisotropes.