Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal frequency-response sensitivity of compressible flow over roughness elements*

ABSTRACT Compressible flow over a flat plate with two localised and well-separated roughness elements is analysed by global frequency-response analysis. This analysis reveals a sustained feedback loop consisting of a convectively unstable shear-layer instability, triggered at the upstream roughness, and an upstream-propagating acoustic wave, originating at the downstream roughness and regenerating the shear-layer instability at the upstream protrusion. A typical multi-peaked frequency response is recovered from the numerical simulations. In addition, the optimal forcing and response clearly extract the components of this feedback loop and isolate flow regions of pronounced sensitivity and amplification. An efficient parametric-sensitivity framework is introduced and applied to the reference case which shows that first-order increases in Reynolds number and roughness height act destabilising on the flow, while changes in Mach number or roughness separation cause corresponding shifts in the peak frequencies. This information is gained with negligible effort beyond the reference case and can easily be applied to more complex flows.
The optimal assignment problem.

Task: Given a weighted complete bipartite graph G = (X ∪ Y, X × Y), where edge xy has weight w(xy), find a matching M from X to Y with maximum weight. In an application, X could be a set of workers, Y could be a set of jobs, and w(xy) could be the profit made by assigning worker x to job y. n i=1 w(x i y π(i)) is a maximum. Such a matching from X to Y is called an optimal assignment. Definition: A feasible vertex labeling in G is a real-valued function l on X ∪ Y such that for all x ∈ X and y ∈ Y , l(x) + l(y) ≥ w(xy). Such labelings may be conveniently written beside the matrix of weights. It is always possible to find a feasible vertex labeling. One way to do this is to set all l(y) = 0 for y ∈ Y and for each x ∈ X, take the maximum value in the corresponding row, i.e. l(x) = max y∈Y w(xy) for x ∈ X l(y) = 0 for y ∈ Y If l is a feasible labeling, we denote by G l the subgraph of G which contains those edges where l(x) + l(y) = w(xy), together with the endpoints of these edges. This graph G l is called the equality subgraph for l.
Credit Card Contracts and the Right to Information: Case of Financial Institutions in Peru

Purpose: It was decided to determine the influence of credit card contracts on the right to information of customers of financial institutions, Peru. Theoretical framework: The violation of the right to information has become a habit on the part of financial entities, since the regulatory and supervisory entities do not comply with overseeing and sanctioning this type of companies, therefore, the theoretical background found allowed to go deeper into the subject. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative methodology was considered, under a non-experimental descriptive correlational design, surveying 60 people, made up of 30 lawyers and 30 clients of financial entities, Peru. Findings: The findings showed that when credit card contracts are prepared in an inadequate manner, which only benefits the financial institutions, clients' information rights will be inadequate. Likewise, a significance of less than 0.05 was reached. Research, Practical & Social implications: Clauses that exclude legal rights have a direct and significant influence on the right to information of customers of financial institutions. Considering the Spanish legislation in article 32.3 of the new Credit Card Payment Services Law and in Colombian legislation in Article 333 of the Political Constitution of Colombia, by allowing private initiative to carry out economic activities and warning that it does not allow companies to abuse their position of dominance, Paradoxically, it grants the financial sector all the faculties and tools to define its excessive and exaggerated charges that harm a population that loses purchasing power every day. It is recommended that the legislative and executive powers reform the 1993 Political Constitution of Peru, where it should establish that small bills that cause economic damage to consumers of financial entities are prohibited. Originality/value: It is essential that the state supervisory entities verify compliance with the clauses of the contracts, since this ensures that the right to information of each client in the financial sector is not violated.
The Study of the Intensity-Curvature Term: Applications in Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Brain

This paper presents an overview of the characteristics of the intensity-curvature term with applications in image processing and also in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the human brain. The intensity-curvature term is the key concept that merges together the value of the signal with the value of the classic-curvature, which is the sum of the second order partial derivatives of the model function fitted to the signal. The model function fitted to the signal needs to have the property of second order differentiability, and also to have at least one non null second order partial derivative calculated at the origin of the coordinate system of the pixel. The mathematical meaning of the intensity-curvature term is the mapping of the signal into a novel domain where each value of the signal is multiplied by the arctangent of the angle subtended with the horizontal, by the tangent to the first order derivative of the model function. The mapping merges the value of the signal intensity and the classic-curvature of the signal. Hence, the resulting intensity-curvature term embeds information about both signal intensity and concavity-convexity of the model function. In addition to the classic-curvature, and consequential to the mapping, the intensity-curvature term allows the calculation of three supplementary intensity-curvature measurement approaches (ICMAs): (i) the intensity-curvature functional, (ii) the signal resilient to interpolation, and (iii) the resilient curvature. This paper reviews the implications of the intensity-curvature term with specific focus on the meaning and the nature of the ICMAs, which provide additional imaging of the human brain MRI.
Spindle Position Checkpoint Kinase Kin4 Regulates Organelle Transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Membrane-bound organelles play important, frequently essential, roles in cellular metabolism in eukaryotes. Hence, cells have evolved molecular mechanisms to closely monitor organelle dynamics and maintenance. The actin cytoskeleton plays a vital role in organelle transport and positioning across all eukaryotes. Studies in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) revealed that a block in actomyosin-dependent transport affects organelle inheritance to daughter cells. Indeed, class V Myosins, Myo2, and Myo4, and many of their organelle receptors, have been identified as key factors in organelle inheritance. However, the spatiotemporal regulation of yeast organelle transport remains poorly understood. Using peroxisome inheritance as a proxy to study actomyosin-based organelle transport, we performed an automated genome-wide genetic screen in S. cerevisiae. We report that the spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) kinase Kin4 and, to a lesser extent, its paralog Frk1, regulates peroxisome transport, independent of their role in the SPOC. We show that Kin4 requires its kinase activity to function and that both Kin4 and Frk1 protect Inp2, the peroxisomal Myo2 receptor, from degradation in mother cells. In addition, vacuole inheritance is also affected in kin4/frk1-deficient cells, suggesting a common regulatory mechanism for actin-based transport for these two organelles in yeast. More broadly our findings have implications for understanding actomyosin-based transport in cells.
Large Scale Crop Water Footprint Evaluation Based on Remote Sensing Methods: A Case Study of Maize

Agriculture is the world's largest consumer of water resources, and accurate measurement of crop water footprint (CWF) can provide a scientific basis for evaluating the water use characteristics of agricultural production and guiding water management. The measurement of regional CWF requires large amounts of ground data, and remote sensing provides an effective means to scientifically measure the CWF on a large scale. In this study, we developed an effective means to estimate regional maize CWF based on global evapotranspiration (MOD16 and Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS)‐Noah) products in China. And we also calculated the CWF based on the FAO Penman‐Monteith equation (FAO‐PM) on the site scale in China. We assessed the accuracy of these methods by comparing them against eight eddy‐covariance based flux tower measurements. Links and differences behind the results of the three water footprint calculations were analyzed in terms of the basic principles and characteristics of the calculations. The results showed that the CWF had a similar distribution based on the MOD16 and GLDAS‐Noah, reflecting the influence of regional soil moisture on the CWF. Computational rationale analysis of the three quantitative methods showed that the ETc‐based method from the FAO‐PM model was similar to the MOD16‐ and GLDAS‐Noah‐based CWF in the wetter areas, two remote sensing‐based methods considered the water constraints during soil evaporation and water dissipation during dry and wet canopy conditions, and were closer to reality than the ETc‐based methods in measuring the CWF in arid and semi‐arid regions.
Riemann-Hilbert Problems and their applications in mathematical physics

The aim of this thesis is to present the reader with the very effective and rigorous Riemann-Hilbert approach of solving asymptotic problems. We consider a transition problem for a Toeplitz determinant; its symbol depends on an additional parameter t. When t > 0, the symbol has one Fisher-Hartwig singularity at an arbitrary point z1 6= 1 on the unit circle (with associated α1, β1 ∈ C strengths) and as t → 0, a new Fisher-Hartwig singularity emerges at the point z0 = 1 (with α0, β0 ∈ C strengths). The asymptotics we present for the determinant are uniform for sufficiently small t. The location of the β-parameters leads to the consideration of two cases, both of which are addressed in this thesis. In the first case, when | Re β0 − Re β1| < 1 we see a transition between two asymptotic regimes, both given by the same result by Ehrhardt, but with different parameters, thus producing different asymptotics. In the second case, when | Re β0 − Re β1| = 1 the symbol has Fisher-Hartwig representations at t = 0, and the asymptotics are given the Tracy-Basor conjecture. These double scaling limits are used to explain transition in the theory of XY spin chains between different regions in the phase diagram across critical lines.
Ceramic disc surface defect detection based on multi-features

A surface defect detection method based on multi-features is proposed for the detection of complex ceramic disc surface. Firstly, geometric transformation is implemented on the image being detected, which makes the direction and position of the image to be unified. Then, according to the standard template, the image is separated into several regions with different gray characteristics for interval inspect. Defects containing broken, chipping, uneven polishing, crack, etc. are classified into two types—blob defect and crack defect. Blob defect detection is mainly based on the analysis of the abnormal part of regional gray value, and the crack detection is based on the analysis of shape and neighborhood gray gradient changes. Experimental result shows that the algorithm proposed is sensitive to the surface defects, and can effectively reduce the false positives with detection rate more than 94%, detection speed up to 5 parts per second.
The Role of Subuh Education in Developing Students' Characteristics of TPQ Muslimin Ikhwanul Mosque

This study aims to explore and explore the extent to which the dawn education program at the Al-Qur'an Education Park plays a role in fostering the morals of students. The method used in this study was qualitative research with a case study approach. Data were obtained from three informants who were selected and then interviewed and observed in detail. Then the data collected was analyzed then reduced and presented and in the final stage, conclusions were drawn from the research findings. The findings in the study after being analyzed found that there were several stages of roles in fostering the morals of the students, namely: training the discipline of the students, Amanah, and the students' responsibility in carrying out their duties, and instilling religious values in the students. Furthermore, the research findings found that there were methods used in cultivating the morals of students, namely the exemplary method, the habituation method, and the advice method. Then there are the supporting factors, namely bringing in competent teachers, obeying the rules, guarding the teachers, and parental support. And the inhibiting factor is the existence of children who like to disturb their friends and the many agendas from home. Based on these findings, it is hoped that it can become an illustration in fostering children's morals, especially students who have studied religion, and become initial data for further researchers in discussing different contexts and issues in their research.
Application of Projection Pursuit Regression in the Forecast of the Percentage of Damaged Seeds of Leguminivora Glycinivorella

In the paper, we build the forecast model of the percentage of damaged seeds of leguminivora glycinivorella by the way of projection pursuit regression, because the percentage of damaged seeds of leguminivora glycinivorella is affected by several factors, such as the cardinal number that leguminivora glycinivorella live through the winter and weather conditions and so on, and it is a nonlinear and abnormal system. The historical fitting rate and the forecast fitting rate are both satisfactory. So projection pursuit regression can be a new method of the insect pest forecasting.
Phenotypic plasticity in leaf traits in response to experimental precipitation increase: Wettability, foliar water uptake and gas exchange

Water availability is one of the factors affecting plant growth and development, especially in arid and semiarid environments. Changes in precipitation due climate change alter water availability to plants impacting on plant physiology. Numerous studies have focused on plant response to reduced precipitation and less on the effects of increased precipitation. The main objective of this study was to evaluate biophysical and physiological leaf traits in response to experimental water addition in four dominant shrubs and one grass species in a Patagonian steppe, during the dry season. The experiment consisted of two treatments: control and water addition, increasing the average annual rainfall by 25% during 6 years. We measured leaf wettability, water status, transpiration, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency and foliar water uptake (FWU). In addition, we determined the phenotypic plasticity index of these evaluated traits. We expected lower FWU and higher transpiration and photosynthesis rates due changes in leaf surface properties under water addition treatment. All study species responded significantly to treatment with higher loss of water per transpiration and lower FWU. Also, all species increased photosynthesis rate and water use efficiency (WUE). However, water potential and leaf wettability did not change with higher precipitation. Thus, higher phenotypic plasticity was observed in functional than in morphological traits. Since functional traits were more sensitive than leaf surface traits, plants may quickly take advantage when environmental conditions tend to be more favourable to growth. Our findings suggest that plants of Patagonian steppe have adaptive ability to respond to environmental changes through plastic responses.
FORGERY DETECTION IN IMAGE USING CCV AND SIFT

Digital Photo images are used everywhere, in magazines, in newspapers, in courtrooms, and all over the Internet. We are exposed to them throughout the day and most of the time. Digital images are easy to edit and manipulate due to availability of editing software. In this paper, we used Color Coherence Vector (CCV) to determine the similarity in image. A color coherence vector (CCV) stores the number of coherent versus incoherent pixels with each color. By separating coherent pixels from incoherent pixels. The vector will designate the coherence of the colors in a region. Next method is by using keypoint-based features, such as SIFT features, for detecting copy-move image forgeries in rotated image has yielded promising results. SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) the keypoints extracted by SIFT are invariant to rotation and scaling because orientation are assigned to each keypoint detected. Authenticity of an image is needed. Thus, development of techniques to ensure image authenticity is an active research topic.
Failure of enhanced recovery after surgery in liver surgery: a systematic review and meta analysis

Purpose This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the literature to identify and summarize the existing evidence regarding ERAS failure and related risk factors after hepatic surgery. The objective was to provide physicians with a better understanding of these factors so that they can take appropriate action to minimize ERAS failure and improve patient outcomes. Method A literature search of the PubMed MEDLINE, OVID, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was performed. The search strategy involved terms related to ERAS, failure, and hepatectomy. Result A meta-analysis was conducted on four studies encompassing a total of 1,535 patients, resulting in the identification of 20 risk factors associated with ERAS failure after hepatic surgery. Four of these risk factors were selected for pooling, including major resection, ASA classification of ≥3, advanced age, and male gender. Major resection and ASA ≥ 3 were identified as statistically significant factors of ERAS failure. Conclusion The comprehensive literature review results indicated that the frequently identified risk factors for ERAS failure after hepatic surgery are linked to operative and anesthesia factors, including substantial resection and an American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 3 or higher. These insights will assist healthcare practitioners in taking prompt remedial measures. Nevertheless, there is a requirement for future high-quality randomized controlled trials with standardized evaluation frameworks for ERAS programs.
Computational models for turbulent bubbly flows in bubble columns

Bubble columns are widely used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries as gas–liquid contactors because of their simple construction and ability to provide high contact area for mass and heat transfer. The design and scale up of bubble columns depends on heat/mass transfer and mixing characteristics provided by it. These two factors highly depend on the bubbly flow hydrodynamics of the column. Although simple in construction, the bubbly flow hydrodynamics inside bubble columns are complex due the presence of turbulence and bubble–bubble interactions (coalescence, breakup), thus, the development of accurate CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) models that describe bubbly flows are important and challenging. Two-fluid models are widely used as CFD models for the prediction of bubbly flows in bubble columns due to its low computational cost. In this thesis computational models are developed in order to improve the capabilities of twofluid models in predicting bubbly flows in bubble columns.
Optical Beam Steerable Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) Visible Light Communication Using Spatial-Light Modulator Based Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface

We put forward and demonstrate a steerable optical beam visible light communication (VLC) system combining orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes, and utilizing a spatial light modulator (SLM)-based reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) for beam steering. When utilizing the SLM as RIS for optical beam steering, its operation principle, maximum achievable steering angle (i.e., field-of-view, FOV), as well as the corresponding loss should be analyzed. We theoretically and experimentally analyzed in detail the characters of SLM when acting as the RIS. Experimental results demonstrate the flexibility of both active beam control and data rate allocation for multiple users. The SLM-based RIS can independently and simultaneously control multiple beams, and significantly reduce the deploying cost of the increase in the devices for the multi-beam handling scenario. All of the specified channels under evaluation satisfy the pre-forward error correction bit-error rate limit (pre-FEC BER = 3.8 × 10−3).
Completing missing exam scores with structural information and beyond

Abstract. Score missing is a common problem involved in exam datasets due to, for example, the absence of students from a test, major-transfer, accidental deletion by operators, etc. Incomplete data tend to bring great inconvenience to analysis, comparison, and evaluation, which may further affect the reliability of the final conclusion and the subsequent decision-making (e.g., adjustment of the teaching plan). Although, in principle, most of the existing data completion methods can be directly used on the exam score dataset, to our best knowledge, there is no systematic evaluation on these methods for the score completion problem. Moreover, the general completion methods cannot effectively employ the special structural information in the score dataset (e.g., the order structure in the students and the relationship between different subjects). Therefore, (1) we conduct a comparative study on the mainstream data completion methods for estimating the missing values in score datasets, (2) we propose an easy-to-implement score completion method by explicitly using informative structures in the dataset, which achieves the best estimation/prediction accuracy with a high efficiency. Beyond the exam scores, we also verify the flexibility of our proposed method in completing remote sensing data.
Impulse spectral intensity - what is it?

The term, impulse spectral intensity, is often used in discussions concerning electromagnetic interference and broadband signal processing. In these discussions, the term is not used in a consistent manner, resulting in confusion, equivocation, and sometimes, errors. As a step towards improving this situation, the mathematical basis for spectral intensity is reviewed and certain of its features are clarified. Also, misuses of spectral intensity are discussed, along with its limitations and proper use .
Complete and orthonormal sets of exponential-type orbitals with non-integer quantum numbers

Atomic and molecular orbitals show exponential decrease at long range. Complete orthonormal basis sets for atoms should satisfy this criterion. A number of such bases have been used in physics (e.g. Coulomb Sturmians). The challenge of this work is first adapting Slater type Orbitals for this role, as they are not radially orthogonal. Even more important is their generalization to non-integer quantum numbers that have applications for configuration interaction. This generalization requires the whole apparatus of non-integer calculus that is presented using the Riemann–Liouville approach.
Lysergic acid diethylamide stimulates cardiac human H 2 histamine receptors

Ulrich Gergs Martin Luther University HalleWittenberg Hannes Jacob Martin Luther University HalleWittenberg Pauline Braekow Martin Luther University HalleWittenberg Britt Hofmann University Hospital Halle Steffen Pockes University of Regensburg Laura J. Humphrys University of Regensburg Uwe Kirchhefer University Hospital Münster, Westfälische WilhelmsUniversity Charlotte Fehse Martin Luther University HalleWittenberg Joachim Neumann (  joachim.neumann@medizin.uni-halle.de ) Martin Luther University HalleWittenberg