Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capacity Enhancment and Iterference Reduction in Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks

Cognitive radio users are secondary users armed with sensing capability to observe any available spectrum holes which are temporarily and/or spatially unused by the primary users to use them for their own transmission. In this context, the demand for maximizing the secondary users’ network capacity while maintaining high protection level to primary users is very crucial. This research work presents two operational modes for the cognitive users’ network, namely, constant primary user protection (CPUP) and constant secondary user spectrum usability (CSUSU). The simulation results show that cooperating all secondary users in the network does not necessarily lead to attain the optimum performance, but instead, it is achieved by cooperating a certain number of users who possess the highest primary user’s signal-to-noise ratio values at their receivers.
Fast and robust isotropic scaling iterative closest point algorithm

The iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm is an accurate approach for the registration between two point sets on the same scale. However, it can not handle the case with different scales. This paper proposes a fast and robust ICP algorithm for isotropic scaling point sets registration (FRISICP). In order to accurately and directly estimate the scale factor without any constraints, we introduce a bidirection distance measurement method into the least square (LS) problem. Then to keep computational efficiency when the number of points in the set increasing, we further introduce a sparse-to-dense hierarchical model in ICP algorithm to speed up the isotropic scaling point set matching process. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed FRISICP method outperforms other algorithms on both 2D and 3D point sets.
Information Asymmetry , Credit Events and the Cost of Debt

We hypothesize that an increase in information asymmetry causes credit events that trigger an increase in both expected and realized losses to debtholders. To test this, we identify exogenous increases in information asymmetry using the loss of an analyst that results from broker closures and broker mergers. We find that the rate of credit events (such as defaults) is roughly 100-150% higher than for similar firms that do not lose an analyst. Importantly, most of this effect occurs within a year of the coverage loss. Moreover, the loss of an analyst causes the cost of debt to increase by 25 basis points for treatment firms compared to control firms. These effects are stronger for firms that are more fragile. We trace the source of these events to investing and financing decisions.
WOMAN AGED 38 YEARS OLD WITH PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA

Background. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes a mental disorder with abnormalities in perception or character disorder of reality. Perceptual abnormalities may include sensory senses disturbances, usually in the form of auditory hallucinations, paranoid, bizarre delusions, and can also be disorganized in speech and real social communication disorders. Case. Mrs. N aged 38 years came with a complaint of raging around for no reason to the families and communities. The patient had been treated in Lampung Mental Hospital about 2 years ago with a similar complaint. Physical examination found blood pressure 120/80 mmHg, heart rate 76 x/m, respiratory rate 18 x/m, temperature 37,1 0 C. Psychiatric status obtained clear consciousness, poor insight, thought broadcasting, blunted affect, hallucination of auditory, visual, tactile and olfactoric senses, followed by delusions of control, suspicious, and being chased. Diagnosis axis I: paranoid schizophrenia, axis II and III: no, axis IV: family issues, axis V: global assessment of functioning highest level past year (GAF HLPY): 50-41; GAF Current: 60-51. Pharmacotherapy is chlorpromazine 1x100 mg tab, halopheridol 3x5 mg tab, and trihexyphenidyl 3x2 mg tab, followed with psychotherapy. Conclusion. Paranoid schizophrenia in this patient due to family issues which is interfaith marriage. [Medula Unila.2014;2(3):101-110]
A polynomial based SLAM algorithm for mobile robots using ultrasonic sensors - Experimental results

In this work the Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) problem for a mobile robot placed in an unknown indoor environment is faced. The environment is modeled as a set of polynomials used as SLAM landmarks. A polynomial based mapping algorithm is proposed and used along with an Extended Kalman filter to yield a solution to the SLAM problem. The filter updates the robot position and orientation estimation and the environment mapping using sparse measurements taken from a set of on board ultrasonic sensors. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated in both numerical and experimental tests obtaining very good estimation and mapping results.
Convergent transcription confers a bistable switch in Enterococcus faecalis conjugation

Convergent gene pairs with head-to-head configurations are widespread in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes and are speculated to be involved in gene regulation. Here we present a unique mechanism of gene regulation due to convergent transcription from the antagonistic prgX/prgQ operon in Enterococcus faecalis controlling conjugative transfer of the antibiotic resistance plasmid pCF10 from donor cells to recipient cells. Using mathematical modeling and experimentation, we demonstrate that convergent transcription in the prgX/prgQ operon endows the system with the properties of a robust genetic switch through premature termination of elongating transcripts due to collisions between RNA polymerases (RNAPs) transcribing from opposite directions and antisense regulation between complementary counter-transcripts. Evidence is provided for the presence of truncated RNAs resulting from convergent transcription from both the promoters that are capable of sense–antisense interactions. A mathematical model predicts that both RNAP collision and antisense regulation are essential for a robust bistable switch behavior in the control of conjugation initiation by prgX/prgQ operons. Moreover, given that convergent transcription is conserved across species, the mechanism of coupling RNAP collision and antisense interaction is likely to have a significant regulatory role in gene expression.
A pilot study differentiating recurrent major depression from bipolar disorder cycling on the depressive pole

Purpose A novel method for differentiating and treating bipolar disorder cycling on the depressive pole from patients who are suffering a major depressive episode is explored in this work. To confirm the diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 bipolar disorder, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria require that at least one manic or hypomanic episode be identified. History of one or more manic or hypomanic episodes may be impossible to obtain, representing a potential blind spot in the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Many bipolar patients who cycle primarily on the depressive side for many years carry a misdiagnosis of recurrent major depression, leading to treatment with antidepressants that achieve little or no relief of symptoms. This article discusses a novel approach for diagnosing and treating patients with bipolar disorder cycling on the depressive pole versus patients with recurrent major depression. Patients and methods Patients involved in this study were formally diagnosed with recurrent major depression under DSM-IV criteria and had no medical history of mania or hypomania to support the diagnosis of bipolar disorder. All patients had suffered multiple depression treatment failures in the past, when evaluated under DSM-IV guidelines, secondary to administration of antidepressant drugs and/or serotonin with dopamine amino acid precursors. Results This study contained 1600 patients who were diagnosed with recurrent major depression under the DSM-IV criteria. All patients had no medical history of mania or hypomania. All patients experienced no relief of depression symptoms on level 3 amino acid dosing values of the amino acid precursor dosing protocol. Of 1600 patients studied, 117 (7.3%) nonresponder patients were identified who experienced no relief of depression symptoms when the serotonin and dopamine amino acid precursor dosing values were adjusted to establish urinary serotonin and urinary dopamine levels in the Phase III therapeutic ranges. All of the 117 nonresponders who achieved no relief of depression symptoms were continued on this amino acid dosing value, and a mood-stabilizing drug was started. At this point, complete relief of depression symptoms, under evaluation with DSM-IV criteria, was noted in 114 patients within 1–5 days. With further dose adjustment of the mood-stabilizing drug, the remaining three nonresponders achieved relief of depression symptoms. Conclusion Resolution of depression symptoms with the addition of a mood-stabilizing drug in combination with proper levels of serotonin and dopamine amino acid precursors was the basis for a clinical diagnosis of bipolar disorder cycling on the depressive pole.
Centrality of Striatal Cholinergic Transmission in Basal Ganglia Function

Work over the past two decades revealed a previously unexpected role for striatal cholinergic interneurons in the context of basal ganglia function. The recognition that these interneurons are essential in synaptic plasticity and motor learning represents a significant step ahead in deciphering how the striatum processes cortical inputs, and why pathological circumstances cause motor dysfunction. Loss of the reciprocal modulation between dopaminergic inputs and the intrinsic cholinergic innervation within the striatum appears to be the trigger for pathophysiological changes occurring in basal ganglia disorders. Accordingly, there is now compelling evidence showing profound changes in cholinergic markers in these disorders, in particular Parkinson's disease and dystonia. Based on converging experimental and clinical evidence, we provide an overview of the role of striatal cholinergic transmission in physiological and pathological conditions, in the context of the pathogenesis of movement disorders.
Designing Circuits Detecting Different Types of Faults

This paper presents methods for designing totally self-checking Mealy type synchronous sequential circuits (SSCs). We use implementations of the output and next state functions that are monotonic in state variables. The monotony enables the SSC to react to permanent faults differently than it does to transient faults. If the fault is permanent, the SSC will produce a non-code output after a number of clock cycles (latency), and the non-code output will be detected as an error by the checker. In the case of a transient fault, the SSC is able to become fault free after a number of clock cycles (so-called self-healing time). In the case of a permanent fault the minimal latency is desired. Though the self-healing of SSC after a transient fault takes its time. Thus, requirements to the period of the SSC functioning in cases of permanent and transient faults are contradicting. We propose a universal architecture of self-checking SSCs enabling to overcome the above contradiction. Namely, this architecture can be adapted either for reduction of the latency of a permanent fault or for increasing the SSC self-healing ability after a transient fault. In the proposed architecture, a method for SSC synthesis is presented. This method is oriented to FPGA based implementation. Key-Words: On-line testing, sequential circuits, fault detecting, latency, transient fault, selfhealing circuits. 1 This research was supported by BSF under grant No. 9800154
Comparison of De Novo Transcriptome Assemblers and k-mer Strategies Using the Killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus

Background De novo assembly of non-model organism’s transcriptomes has recently been on the rise in concert with the number of de novo transcriptome assembly software programs. There is a knowledge gap as to what assembler software or k-mer strategy is best for construction of an optimal de novo assembly. Additionally, there is a lack of consensus on which evaluation metrics should be used to assess the quality of de novo transcriptome assemblies. Result Six different assembly strategies were evaluated from four different assemblers. The Trinity assembly was used in its default 25 single k-mer value while Bridger, Oases, and SOAPdenovo-Trans were performed with multiple k-mer strategies. Bridger, Oases, and SOAPdenovo-Trans used a small multiple k-mer (SMK) strategy consisting of the k-mer lengths of 21, 25, 27, 29, 31, and 33. Additionally, Oases and SOAPdenovo-Trans were performed using a large multiple k-mer (LMK) strategy consisting of k-mer lengths of 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, and 85. Eleven metrics were used to evaluate each assembly strategy including three genome related evaluation metrics (contig number, N50 length, Contigs >1 kb, reads) and eight transcriptome evaluation metrics (mapped back to transcripts (RMBT), number of full length transcripts, number of open reading frames, Detonate RSEM-EVAL score, and percent alignment to the southern platyfish, Amazon molly, BUSCO and CEGMA databases). The assembly strategy that performed the best, that is it was within the top three of each evaluation metric, was the Bridger assembly (10 of 11) followed by the Oases SMK assembly (8 of 11), the Oases LMK assembly (6 of 11), the Trinity assembly (4 of 11), the SOAP LMK assembly (4 of 11), and the SOAP SMK assembly (3 of 11). Conclusion This study provides an in-depth multi k-mer strategy investigation concluding that the assembler itself had a greater impact than k-mer size regardless of the strategy employed. Additionally, the comprehensive performance transcriptome evaluation metrics utilized in this study identified the need for choosing metrics centered on user defined research goals. Based on the evaluation metrics performed, the Bridger assembly was able to construct the best assembly of the testis transcriptome in Fundulus heteroclitus.
Multimodality medical image database for temporal lobe epilepsy

This paper presents the development of a human brain multi-modality database for surgical candidacy determination in temporal lobe epilepsy. The focus of the paper is on content-based image management, navigation and retrieval. Several medical image-processing methods including our newly developed segmentation method are utilized for information extraction/correlation and indexing. The input data includes T1-, T2-Weighted and FLAIR MRI and ictal/interictal SPECT modalities with associated clinical data and EEG data analysis. The database can answer queries regarding issues such as the correlation between the attribute X of the entity Y and the outcome of a temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. The entity Y can be a brain anatomical structure such as the hippocampus. The attribute X can be either a functionality feature of the anatomical structure Y, calculated with SPECT modalities, such as signal average, or a volumetric/morphological feature of the entity Y such as volume or average curvature. The outcome of the surgery can be any surgery assessment such as non-verbal Wechsler memory quotient. A determination is made regarding surgical candidacy by analysis of both textual and image data. The current database system suggests a surgical determination for the cases with relatively small hippocampus and high signal intensity average on FLAIR images within the hippocampus. This indication matches the neurosurgeons expectations/observations. Moreover, as the database gets more populated with patient profiles and individual surgical outcomes, using data mining methods one may discover partially invisible correlations between the contents of different modalities of data and the outcome of the surgery.
Orientation Priming of Novel Shapes in the Context of Viewpoint-Dependent Recognition

Can visual similarity between shapes facilitate orientation priming? Five experiments are reported in which this possibility was explored by using novel two-dimensional shapes that formed homogeneous stimulus classes. After training on individual shapes in a canonical view, the recognition of these shapes was tested in several picture-plane orientations. In experiments 1 and 2 an identification task was used to replicate the classic finding obtained with the mirror-judgment task—that prior orientation cueing does not reduce the magnitude of orientation dependence in processing rotated shapes. The results of experiment 3, however, indicate that blocking trials by orientation is one condition in which orientation priming may be obtained. Experiment 4 builds on this result, and it is suggested that awareness of the blocking manipulation is not required to obtain orientation priming. In experiment 5 the mechanisms underlying this finding are explored, and evidence is offered that orientation priming is a consequence of representations that encode both shape and orientation. Such results may be considered as an extension to the ‘image-based’ approach to object recognition, demonstrating that generalization across exemplars may occur within recognition mechanisms that are viewpoint dependent.
Determinants of Incident Hyperglycemia 6 Years After Delivery in Young Rural Indian Mothers

OBJECTIVE—To study determinants of incident hyperglycemia in rural Indian mothers 6 years after delivery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The Pune Maternal Nutrition Study collected information in six villages near Pune on prepregnant characteristics and nutrition, physical activity, and glucose tolerance during pregnancy. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was repeated 6 years after delivery. RESULTS—A total of 597 mothers had an OGTT at 28 weeks’ gestation; 3 had gestational diabetes (by World Health Organization 1999 criteria). Six years later, 42 of 509 originally normal glucose-tolerant mothers were hyperglycemic (8 diabetic, 20 with impaired glucose tolerance, and 14 with impaired fasting glucose). The hyperglycemic women had shorter legs and thicker skinfolds before pregnancy (P < 0.01, both), were less active and more hyperglycemic (2-h plasma glucose 4.8 vs. 4.4 mmol/l, P < 0.001) during pregnancy, and gained more weight during follow-up (6.0 vs. 2.7 kg, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that total leukocyte count and blood pressure during pregnancy were additional independent predictors of 2-h glucose concentration at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS—Our results suggest that compromised linear growth, adiposity, inflammation, and less physical activity predispose to hyperglycemia in young rural Indian women. International cut points of diabetes risk factors are largely irrelevant in these women.
Tuning data replication for improving behavior of MPSoC applications

Maintaining cache coherence can be very costly for on-chip multiprocessors from an energy perspective. Observing this, we propose a compiler-directed strategy that replicates array data in cache memories of its potential consumer processors at the time the data is brought from off-chip memory. The goal is to eliminate the energy costs associated with bus snooping without negatively impacting overall performance. Our strategy can perform a much better job as compared to static replication strategies, where each array element is replicated based on the same fixed policy.
An improved routing algorithms in wireless sensor networks with reliability and energy-balancing approaches

There are different conditions for routing algorithms in wireless sensor networks. In this article, an optimized routing algorithm is provided with two objectives; reliability and energy-balancing in wireless sensor networks. Through creating optimal routes, beside maintening energy balance in network, the algorithm proposed here ensures reliable information and data transmition to base station. In order to meet first objective, the algorithm chooses a route which increases minimun residual energy in whole network, consequently a balance of energy is created in network and its lifetime increases as well. As the second objective, the algorithm transmits a packet to base station through selected route in order to provide the network with highest reliability. Therefore, the results obtained ensure selection of reliable routes which ascertain a reduction in energy consumption in wireless sensor networks.
Data fusion and eigenface based tracking dedicated to a Tour-Guide Robot

This article presents a key-scenario of H/R interaction for our tourguide robot. Given this scenario, three visual modalities, the robot deals with, have been outlined, namely the “search of visitors” attending the exhibition, the “proximal interaction” through the robot interface and the “guidance mission”. The paper focuses on the two last ones which involves face recognition and visual data fusion in a particle filtering framework. Evaluations on key-sequences in a human centred environment show the tracker robustness to background clutter, sporadic occlusions and group of persons. The tracker is able to cope with target loss by detecting and re-initializing automatically thanks to the face recognition outcome. Moreover, the multi-cues association proved to be more robust to clutter than any of the cues individually.
Towards secure and privacy sensitive surveillance

This paper analyzes the requirements of an ideal vision system. Two major challenges are identified -- security and privacy. Security ensures a reliable and dependable operation where the whole chain is robust against modifications and erasures. This comprises the aspect of authenticity to qualify for legal actions on one hand and to prevent (e.g., man in the middle) attacks from modifying content to burden innocent persons. Privacy is strongly penetrated by today's surveillance systems. It has to be ensured that both the derived video analysis results and the adequately filtered imaging stream (if still required) are only accessible to adequate user groups to address the privacy dilemma. A vision based sensor should be applicable in the same application fields as other non-camera based application specific sensors, e.g., photoelectric sensors used in mens' restroom facilities (urinals/pissoirs) -- with the same confidence and trust. Related work is surveyed and a first concept is introduced to address these demands. It is based on a smart camera approach and various certification and authentification mechanisms to allow application specific sensors to use the power of the visual modality without the traditional drawbacks. Different use cases are discussed from the point of view of the persons surveilled, persons intending to modify and persons utilizing the results. Finally, the "survmotion" system is presented where some aspects of the concept are implemented to illustrate the potential applicability in various fields.
Mobile Pollution Mapping in the City

Mobile computing has the potential to allow both experts and the public to collect and understand environmental data such as pollutants in urban areas. We describe an experimental system—eGS—that allows users to explore a city area while collaboratively visualising a common atmospheric pollutant— carbon monoxide—in real-time. Users carry a networked tablet PC. Using GPS and an attached sensor, a map shows pollutant values as a colourcoded trail as the user moves around the city. Users may take photographs of pollution-significant situations that are referenced against their current map location. Pollutant readings and photographs appear on all users’ maps as shared information for potential collaboration. We report on lessons learned and design issues arising from the implementation and us of this research prototype. In particular, we question some assumptions regarding the use of map-based representations with transient environmental information.