Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A paradox between religious conviction and recognizing the freedom of others on measuring religious (in) tolerance index in East Java, Indonesia

Abstract In 2020, the freedom of religions in Indonesia reached lowest point which accounts for the score of 1 out of 4. This decreasing trend is in line with some intolerance cases as happened recently. Intolerant groups are often linked with fundamentalism or scriptural Islamic groups taking their movements in the form of persecution, oppression, violence provoked by religion and tribe. The issue is inextricable from how this violence is triggered by anti-tolerant ideology living amidst the society within the state and the politics of Indonesia. This research was conducted in 38 regencies/municipalities in East Java Province, Indonesia. The methods employed in the research involve survey based on descriptive-quantitative approach. The survey adopted religious tolerance measurements developed by Broer et al. The research reveals that Religious Tolerance Index in East Java is considered good. However, religious conviction scored low, with the average score of 62.1. It becomes one of the contributing factors on the intolerance towards minority groups. Furthermore, religious conviction is deemed to be quite strong to determine the level of conservatism in the society to treat their social life.
Applying the t-Method to Viscoelastic Forward Modeling

Summary The  -method developed by Blanch et al. (1995) is an efficient and optimally inexpensive approach that allows for the input of a Q model for both pressure wave and shear wave and therefore calculates the stress and strain relaxation times to approximate a constant Q at each grid points. A staggered finite difference scheme of secondorder accuracy in time and fourth-order accuracy in space is used to the isotropic viscoelastic wave equation with an unsplit convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML). The numerical results show that the CPML efficiently absorb incoming energy in the case of waves impinging the CPML interfaces at near-grazing angles. Important differences in amplitudes and arrival times between elastic and viscoelastic wave are also appreciated.
The climatological skill of a regional model over complex terrain

Abstract As part of an ongoing study of the regional climate and hydrology of the southwestern United States, in this paper we investigate the systematic biases of two versions of the PSU/NCAR mesoscale model (MM4). These are a standard version and one that includes a more detailed treatment of radiative transfer, surface physics, and soil hydrology. We simulated the period 1–30 January 1979, in which nine Pacific storms moved across the western United States. Results from both model versions are compared to the large scale analysis used to provide initial and lateral boundary conditions. Both models show a lower tropospheric cold bias of 1–3 K near the surface over land and an upper tropospheric warm bias of less than 1 K, which suggest high model stability and reduced vertical mixing. The model atmospheres are wetter than that of the analysis, particularly in the lower troposphere and over the ocean. The wind magnitude bias is positive near the surface (∼1.5–3 m s−1), negative in the upper troposphere (.
Experimental and numerical investigation of a forced circular shear layer

In a previous article we introduced a dissipative circular geometry in which stationary states of the shear flow instability were obtained. We show here that the dynamical behaviour of this flow depends strongly on the aspect ratio of the cell. In large cells, where the number of vortices is large, transitions from a mode with m vortices to a mode with (m−1) vortices occur through localized processes. In contrast to that situation, in small cells, transition takes place after a series of bifurcations which correspond to the successive breaking of all the symmetries of the flow. We show that, provided an adequate forcing term is introduced, a two-dimensional numerical simulation of this flow is sufficient to recover all the dynamical processes which characterize the experimental flow.
Space-Time Dimensionality of Plain Physical Observation

A local Euclidean reference frame, which forms the basis of physical observations, may be defined by reference to some space-like separated frame, in which case a constrained validity of the closure axiom may be implied. For instance, the inverse of the x1-component of the four-velocity may be Lorentz-transformed to an Euclidean reference frame defined around t = 0 whose spatial extension is limited by c. In this geometry, local observations of radial increments are made perpendicular to an angular velocity in a space-like separated frame. The space-time dimensionality of this system is further investigated. Interesting applications seem to be contracting three dimensions on a cosmological scale to a single axis of observation, and the Bohr atom.
Linguistic and clinical validation of the Turkish version of Acute Cystitis Symptom Score for the diagnosis and patient-reported outcome in acute uncomplicated cystitis

Purpose The Acute Cystitis Symptom Score (ACSS) was developed as a self-reporting questionnaire for diagnosing and monitoring acute uncomplicated cystitis (AC) in female patients. The study aims at the translation of the ACSS into Turkish from the original Uzbek including its linguistic, cognitive and clinical validation. Materials and Methods After forward and backward translation of the ACSS from Uzbek to Turkish and vice versa, the cognitive assessment of the Turkish ACSS was performed on 12 female subjects to achieve the final study version. Results The clinical validation was performed on a total of 120 female respondents including 64 Patients with AC and 56 controls without AC. For clinical diagnosis of AC, the predefined summary score of the typical symptoms of >6 showed high values (95% confidence interval) for sensitivity (0.88 [0.77–0.94]), specificity (0.98 [0.91–1.00]), and diagnostic accuracy (0.93 [0.86–0.97]). All patients were followed up between five to nine days after the baseline visit. Forty-four (68.75%) patients used antimicrobial treatment, whereas the rest (31.25%) preferred non-antimicrobial treatment. The severity scores of the typical symptoms and the quality of life were reduced significantly at follow-up. Using different (favored) thresholds for successful and non-successful treatment a clinical success rate between 54.7% and 64.1% (60.9%) was achieved. Conclusions After translation from the original Uzbek and cognitive assessment, the Turkish ACSS showed similar good results for clinical diagnosis and patient-reported outcome as in other languages validated so far and could therefore now be used for clinical studies as well as in everyday practice.
Bivariate model for the distribution of. sqrt. b/sub 1/ and b/sub 2/

In sampling from general populations, the skewness and kurtosis statistics are subject to the constraint b/sub 2/ > 1 + b/sub 1/. A bivariate product-density model for the distribution of . sqrt.b/sub 1/ and b/sub 2/ is studied, consisting of a Johnson S/sub U/ approximation to the marginal density of . sqrt.b/sub 1/ a gamma density for the conditional distribution of b/sub 2/. Equiprobability contours are given for sampling from normal and nonnormal populations. In the normal case, an eight-parameter model is completely specified. 4 figures, 4 tables.
Equiripple and minimax (Chebyshev) approximations for recursive digital filters

The problem of designing recursive digital filters whose frequency response approximates an arbitrarily prescribed function in the Chebyshev sense on a single interval is considered. Certain degenerate cases where the best Chebyshev approximation is not equiripple are studied in detail, and an algorithm is given for determining the best Chebyshev as well as the best equiripple approximation. Finally, a number of examples illustrating applications of this algorithm are given.
Digital Twins and Smart Manufacturing for Wire Bonding

Low cost, excellent flexibility, and high yield rate have long been the drivers of wire bonding technology. In the past decade, advancements in wire bonding technology have significantly improved wire bond reliability and strengthened the adoption of the technology while maintaining its competitive advantage. Digital twins of wire bonding can now simulate and optimize 3D wire loop shapes to facilitate design-for-manufacturing (DFM), increase design flexibility, reduce product development time, and improve overall package yields. In particular, the benefits of digital twins have been realized in system-in-package (SiPs), large stack-die memory applications, and complex high pin count packages with multiple looping tiers. With increasing package complexity and modular package configurations, the need for smarter functionalities is imperative. More recently, technological developments in wire bonding have been targeted toward furthering design, quality, and time-to-market (TTM) from an Industry 4.0 smart manufacturing perspective. In this paper, we will introduce new digital twin simulation techniques to detect potential interference between wire bond capillaries and wire loops, various dies, passive components, and other structures within the package. These advanced capabilities are demonstrated on a real application and shown to help in the detection of design issues early in the product cycle and aid in the selection of capillary, wire, as well as optimization of the package layout. All these factors significantly improve the overall TTM of semiconductor packages. Technologies that provide improvements via autonomous monitoring and optimization are also strongly desired. We will also explore new on-bonder process monitoring capabilities to detect wire sway such that wire shorts and resultant yield losses can be minimized. Additionally, vision-guided enhancements to on-bonder loop height monitoring capabilities will also be discussed. These new advancements significantly improve production quality and yield, paving the way for smarter factories
Population size estimation based on erroneous capture-recapture data

Log-linear models have long been used for population size estimation based on capture-recapture data subjected to under enumeration. We extend the scope to allow for additional erroneous enumeration, by introducing a concept of pseudo conditional independence and developing new classes of log-linear and -odds models accordingly. For selection among models that achieve the same tted log-likelihood, which can occur for incomplete categorical data, we explore the use of latent discrepancy measures. Potential applications include replacing traditional costly Census with alternative register-based approaches, sizing of dynamic clandestine population using relevant but erroneous lists, evaluation of diagnostic eciency of multiple tests, etc.
STUDI PEMANFAATAN ALAT UKUR AVOMETER ANALOG SEBAGAI UNIT MODEL PENGUJIAN

Suatu besaran umumnya hanya dapat diketahui melalui suatu pengukuran dari besaran tersebut, sehingga pengukuran besaran listrik tegangan dan arus dengan Voltmeter dan Ampermeter telah terintegrasi dalam satu alat ukur portable yang disebut VOmeter. Pemanfaatan alat ukur tersebut dari setiap fungsi pengukuran memiliki lebih dari satu skala pengukuran besaran yang telah ditentukan dan eksis dalam alat ukur, sehingga perubahan nilai skala ukur terbatas sebagaimana umumnya. Keterbatasan tersebut pada dasarnya dapat dikembangkan secara konstruktif sebagai model pengujian untuk pembelajaran sistem rangkuman skala batas ukur sebagai ampermeter, voltmeter maupun ohmmeter. Pengembangan AVO meter sebagai media pembelajaran praktikum sangat memungkinkan sebagai suatu inovasi dengan membuat simulasi perancangan AVOmeter melalui pengujian besaran skala pengukuran dari suatu alat ukur terhadap besarnya nilai komponen tahanan yang diperlukan dengan metode rangkuman tahanan tunggal dan ganda yang pengujiannya menggunakan dua tipe Galvanometer dari AVOmeter yang ada yakni YX 367 TR dan YX 360 TRD. Karena pengaruh tahanan dalam dari kedua Galvanometer tersebut berbeda, maka dengan skala pengukuran besaran yang sama akan mempengaruhi nilai rangkuman tahanan tunggal maupun ganda dari keduanya yang juga berbeda.
Data cluster based on extension K nearest neighbor algorithm

For the data cluster problem of interval data,the extension distance is proposed by extension conjunction function. The Extension K Nearest Neighbor(EKNN) algorithm is designed by the idea of K nearest neighbor and extension distance. Finally,the experiment of Iris datasets and PIDD datasets is verified by the EKNN,and the classification accuracy is analysed and compared under the different minimal reduction attribute.
Diverse genetic spectrum among patients who met the criteria of hereditary breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer syndrome

Objective Genetic high-risk assessment combines hereditary breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer into one syndrome. However, there is a lack of data for comparing the germline mutational spectrum of the cancer predisposing genes between these three cancers. Methods Patients who met the criteria of the hereditary breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer were enrolled and received multi-gene sequencing. Results We enrolled 730 probands: 418 developed breast cancer, 185 had ovarian cancer, and 145 had pancreatic cancer. Out of the 18 patients who had two types of cancer, 16 had breast and ovarian cancer and 2 had breast and pancreatic cancer. A total of 167 (22.9%) patients had 170 mutations. Mutation frequency in breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer was 22.3%, 33.5% and 17.2%, respectively. The mutation rate was significantly higher in patients with double cancers than those with a single cancer (p<0.001). BRCA1 and BRCA2 were the most dominant genes associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, whereas ATM was the most prevalent gene related to hereditary pancreatic cancer. Genes of hereditary colon cancer such as lynch syndrome were presented in a part of patients with pancreatic or ovarian cancer but seldom in those with breast cancer. Families with a history of both ovarian and breast cancer were associated with a higher mutation rate than those with other histories. Conclusion The mutation spectrum varies across the three cancer types and family histories. Our analysis provides guidance for physicians, counsellors, and counselees on the offer and uptake of genetic counseling.
Residents’ attitudes, perceptions and the development of positive tourism behaviours amid COVID -19

Abstract Local people’s pro-tourism behavioural intention plays an important role in determining the sustainability and success of a tourism destination. A semi-structured questionnaire was randomly administered to residents aged 18 years and above of Botswana’s two premier tourism centres (Maun and Kasane). These two exotic tourism areas were chosen in this study to ensure enrichment of the literature through sharing of lived experiences and critical decision-making by people in the face of an impending disaster (i.e. COVID-19) threatening their existence. The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) was used to provide a better understanding in linking residents’ attitudes in supporting or opposing tourism development in the face of COVID-19. Overall, majority (67.5%, p = 0.015) of the respondents indicated that they are willing to accept some inconvenience as long as they benefit from tourism industry. Also, most (84.4% (p = 0.034)) residents indicated that they were willing to welcome tourists because of the contribution tourists bring to the economy of their area. Thus, a positive attitude towards tourism development and tourists from locals will likely lead to a more positive behaviour supporting tourism in host communities. The study recommends that, of utmost importance, key stakeholders in the tourism industry including policymakers and planners should devise and implement strategies geared towards positively influencing attitudes of local communities towards tourism development. The results from this study will assist government and other tourism stakeholders as they devise mitigating strategies to sustain and guide future tourism operations following socioeconomic devastations from COVID-19 pandemic.
A perspective on addressing rancidity in pearl millet

: Pearl millet is a highly nutritious crop having the inherent capacity to grow under adverse environmental conditions without compromising with the quality and quantity of the grains. Among millets, pearl millet has many health benefits and new cultivars that are being conventionally cultivated provides a higher level of dietary iron to women. However, off-odour development in flour is one of the major limiting factors in the popularization of pearl millet all over the world. The poor keeping quality of pearl millet flour is due to the oxidative/hydrolytic rancidity caused by enzymes like lipase and lipoxygenase that hydrolyse triacylglycerol to free fatty acids and leads to rapid deterioration of flour during storage. In this review, the changes observed in nutritional value of pearl millet flour during storage, key biochemical parameters associated with the development of flour rancidity and the genetics controlling rancidity associated traits are discussed.
Trajectory Optimization for Large Scale Systems via Block Pulse Functions and Transformations

In this paper an optimal tracking algorithm for large scale systems has been suggested using orthogonal functions and their operational transform matrices. Orthogonal functions such Walsh and block pulse functions (bpf) belong to the class of piece wise constant basis functions that have been developed in twentieth century and have played an important role in control engineering applications. And Walsh and block pulse functions have been proposed to solve the problems related to systems identification, analysis and optimal control. In addition, orthogonal functions and transforms can be applied to develop signal transduction and communication theory by allowing the application scope has widened its coverage. The applied method is very useful to solve the two point boundary vale problem for optimal tracking of large scale system and it is superior to conventional numerical methods.
Construction of a Realistic Hand Model with 22 Joint Freedoms

A realistic hand geometric model is constructed from 3D scanned data of human hand. Then each joint freedom of the fingers was scanned at six different movements. The screw of each joint freedom was found and registered to the hand geometric model. The hand kinematic model has twenty-two degrees of freedom, one freedom in the palm, five freedoms in the thumb, and four freedoms in every other finger. In order to obtain the joint axis precisely, an over-determined system (ODS) is used to find the locations of individual joint axis within the motion range of the six positions. An axode that describes each joint freedom motions is constructed by a ruled surface passing through the five finite screws. To simplify the joint model, an optimal screw axis is computed to represent the joint freedom. This is fulfilled by a modified ODS, called MODS (multi-ODS) method.
Image Resizing by Piecewise Quadratic Polynomial with Edge Constraints

In the fleld of image resizing, general polynomial fltting surfaces which are based on the methods such as Lagrange, spline and least squared methods usually produce enlarged images with blurred edges. Our experiments showed, however, that when the edge information is used as a constraint to construct polynomial surfaces to resize the image, the enlarged image could preserve good edge characteristics and have better visual quality. A new method for constructing fltting patches to resize the image is presented. Associated with each pixel, a fltting patch is constructed using edge information as a constraint to make it have the shape suggested by the pixel and the adjacent pixels. The enlarged image pixels are computed by the combination of the points which are sampled from the fltting patches. The fltting patch has the quadratic polynomial precision. The new method has the advantages that it is easy to compute and produces the enlarged image with better visual quality and higher PSNR value. Comparison results of the new method with other methods are included.
A comprehensive review on QbD driven analytical procedures developed for the analysis of various drugs

Abstract Quality has been a prime priority for the pharmaceutical sector with the development of recommendations by regulatory organizations like ICH. Concepts of ICH Q8 to Q10 are the foundation of the QbD methodology, a systematic approach to pharmaceutical development. Pharma industries have adopted the QbD approach to support product quality during manufacturing and to improve robust manufacturing processes. QbD adoption in analytical procedure development is AQbD, Analytical Quality by Design. It aids in reliable, economical analytical procedure development and also facilitates regulatory flexibility. This review illustrates the detailed aspects with relevant examples in each step of AQbD and DoE techniques applied to various analytical techniques for analytical procedure development for the determination of medicinal compounds. The overview of techniques created using AQbD contributes to the direction in this field of study. Visual Abstract
Molecular Characterization of the Interplay between Fasciola hepatica Juveniles and Laminin as a Mechanism to Adhere to and Break through the Host Intestinal Wall

Fasciola hepatica is the main causative agent of fasciolosis, a zoonotic parasitic disease of growing public health concern. F. hepatica metacercariae are ingested by the host and excyst in the intestine, thereby releasing the newly excysted juveniles (FhNEJ), which traverse the gut wall and migrate towards the biliary ducts. Since blocking F. hepatica development is challenging after crossing of the intestinal wall, targeting this first step of migration might result in increased therapeutic success. The intestinal extracellular matrix (ECM) is constituted by a network of structural proteins, including laminin (LM) and fibronectin (FN), that provide mechanical support while acting as physical barrier against intestinal pathogens. Here, we employed ELISA and immunofluorescent assays to test for the presence of LM- and FN-binding proteins on a tegument-enriched antigenic fraction of FhNEJ, and further determined their identity by two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry. Additionally, we performed enzymatic assays that revealed for the first time the capability of the juvenile-specific cathepsin L3 to degrade LM, and that LM degradation by FhNEJ proteins is further potentiated in the presence of host plasminogen. Finally, a proteomic analysis showed that the interaction with LM triggers protein changes in FhNEJ that may be relevant for parasite growth and adaptation inside the mammalian host. Altogether, our study provides valuable insights into the molecular interplay between FhNEJ and the intestinal ECM, which may lead to the identification of targetable candidates for the development of more effective control strategies against fasciolosis.