Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Significant Contribution of Paleogeography to Stratospheric Water Vapor Variations in the Past 250 Million Years

Stratospheric water vapor (SWV) variations play an important role in influencing the Earth's energy budget. Here, we investigate the SWV variations in the past 250 million years (Myr) using a fully coupled Earth System Model. It is found that both CO2 concentration and paleogeography have prominent influences on the SWV variations, while solar insolation plays a minor role. The SWV increases with surface warming and stratospheric moistening rate is accelerated during the warm periods in the past 250 Myr except for the Pangea supercontinent stage. The ratio of stratospheric moistening to surface warming is smaller in the warm Pangea supercontinent stage compared to that during the warm Cretaceous Period, which is due to the ascending and consequent cooling of the tropical tropopause layer associated with the severe surface warming over the tropical Pangea supercontinent. Our results suggest that paleogeography is an important factor in regulating SWV variations in deep‐time climate.
A Note on the Eigenvalues of Hermitian Matrices

Two simple relations are derived that connect the eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix with those of the submatrix obtained by deleting a row and the corresponding column. The relations, which readily establish the interlacing of these two sets of eigenvalues, are used to obtain an upper bound for the largest eigenvalue and a lower bound for the smallest eigenvalue of a Hermitian matrix.
Inverse Approach to the Reconstruction and Quantification of Vibratory Sources

Vibratory analysis allows us to interpret the fundamental conditions of rotating machines. This interpretation is useful in the diagnosis of faults. In practice, the vibratory measurements made by sensors come from a mixture of vibratory sources corresponding to different machine components. Thus, it becomes hard to conduct state interpretation for each individual component. This fact leads us to consider the inverse problem, reconstruction of the vibratory sources based on measurements. However, the inversion is unfortunately unstable. To limit the instability, previous studies proposed use of a large number of sensors and the processing of measurements using regularization methods. However, regularization requires estimation of the regularization parameter, which is a hard task. In addition, regularization can remove some vibratory sources. Moreover, the sensor positions are “random”, but the stability is significantly influenced by the sensor positions and by the mixture properties described by modal analysis. This article proposes to link modal analysis and stability. This link allows us to reduce the number of sensors and to avoid regularization methods. Thus, two complementary approaches are developed to determine optimal sensor positions: A numerical approach with a numerical updated model and an experimental approach using modal analysis. Thanks to the use of these optimal positions, stability is improved and vibratory sources are correctly reconstructed.
Two micron morphology of candidate protostars

Results of a deep near-infrared imaging survey of low-luminosity cold IRAS sources in the Taurus dark cloud are discussed. The images involved identify the compact sources energizing the IRAS sources, identify infrared nebulosity around numbers of the invisible sources, and reveal the large-scale (about 1000 to 10,000 AU) morphology of this nebulosity. Some of the invisible sources show a clear bipolar or monopolar morphology suggesting a close relation of the nebulosity with a bipolar mass outflow. It is concluded that the nebulosity is likely due to scattering of radiation from the central source by the dust associated with the mass outflow extending to the poles of a circumstellar dust disk. 28 refs.
Direct writing of a protein micro-array: lab-on-a-chip for multipurpose sensing

A protein microarray has been realized on a porous silicon (PS) chip by means of electron beam irradiation using a standard SEM equipped with a nanopattern generator system. Two proteins have been used to generate the array: the glucose-binding protein (GBP) and the glutamine-binding protein (GlnBP), both isolated from Escherichia coli. The proteins functionality have been tested by means of a competitive assay.
Improving guideline‐concordant thromboprophylaxis prescribing for children admitted to hospital with COVID‐19

The incidence of venous thrombo‐embolism (VTE) in hospitalized children has increased by 130%–200% over the last two decades. Given this increase, many centers utilize electronic clinical decision support (CDS) to prognosticate VTE risk and recommend prophylaxis. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (COVID‐19) is a risk factor for VTE; however, CDS developed before the COVID‐19 pandemic may not accurately prognosticate VTE risk in children with COVID‐19. This study's objective was to identify areas to improve thromboprophylaxis recommendations for children with COVID‐19.
Evaluation of Executive Functions, Obesity and Self-Esteem in Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Amaç: Yönetici işlevlerde bozukluklar dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) kliniğinde oldukça sık görülmektedir. Güncel çalışmalarda obezite ve DEHB'nin patofizyolojisindeki ortak mekanizmaların dürtü kontrolü ve yönetici işlevlerle ilişkili olabileceği öne sürülmektedir. Bu çalışma, aşırı kiloluluk / obezitesi olan ve olmayan DEHB tanılı çocuk ve ergenlerin yönetici işlevleri ve benlik saygısı düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, çocuk ve ergenlerde aşırı kiloluluk / obezite, yönetici işlevler, DEHB ve benlik saygısı arasındaki karmaşık ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Mart 2021- Nisan 2022 arasında Gazi Üniversitesi Çocuk ve Ergen Psikiyatrisi polikliniklerine başvuran DEHB tanılı herhangi bir ilaç kullanmayan 71 ergenin dahil edildiği örneklemin yaş ortalaması 16.12±1.71 (yaş aralığı= 12-18 yıl) yıl olup, %71.83’ü erkeklerden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcılara Yönetici İşlevlere Yönelik Davranış Değerlendirme Envanteri Ölçeği (anne baba formu), Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği ve Conners Ana baba Derecelendirme Ölçeği- Yenilenmiş Kısa Formu verilmiştir. Bulgular: DEHB tanılı ergenlerde hiperaktivite belirtilerinin ve çalışma belleği fonksiyonunun benlik saygısının en önemli yordayıcıları olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca aşırı kiloluluk / obezite durumuna göre DEHB’li ergenler karşılaştırıldığında çalışma belleği ve planlama/örgütleme fonksiyonları açısından gruplar arası farklılık bulunmuştur. Ancak gruplar arasında benlik saygısı ve DEHB şiddeti açısından bir farklılık saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde DEHB’li ergenlerin benlik saygısında çalışma belleği ve hiperaktivite belirti şiddetinin önemli rol oynayabileceğini göstermektedir. Aşırı kiloluluk/obezite durumuna göre DEHB tanılı ergenlerde benlik saygısı ve DEHB kliniğini açısından farklılık saptanmazken çalışma belleği ve planlama/örgütleme becerilerinde farklılık saptanması, DEHB’de yönetici işlevlerin aşırı kiloluk/obezite için kritik bir rol oynadığını düşündürmektedir.
Online measurement of bead geometry in GMAW-based additive manufacturing using passive vision

Additive manufacturing based on gas metal arc welding is an advanced technique for depositing fully dense components with low cost. Despite this fact, techniques to achieve accurate control and automation of the process have not yet been perfectly developed. The online measurement of the deposited bead geometry is a key problem for reliable control. In this work a passive vision-sensing system, comprising two cameras and composite filtering techniques, was proposed for real-time detection of the bead height and width through deposition of thin walls. The nozzle to the top surface distance was monitored for eliminating accumulated height errors during the multi-layer deposition process. Various image processing algorithms were applied and discussed for extracting feature parameters. A calibration procedure was presented for the monitoring system. Validation experiments confirmed the effectiveness of the online measurement system for bead geometry in layered additive manufacturing.
Method for Determining the Location of Highway Passenger Transportation Hubs Using POI Data and the Dijkstra Algorithm in Large City

In order to reduce the impact of highway passenger transportation hubs on urban internal traffic operations and improve the efficiency of external travel, a method to determine the location of such hubs based on POI data and the Dijkstra algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the process of connecting the starting point of travel in the city to the urban road node and the highway exit is analyzed. Taking the minimum total time cost as the objective function, the mathematical model of the location method of a highway passenger transportation hub is established. Then, an algorithm for solving the mathematical model is proposed. In the solution method, the concept of “equivalent distance” is introduced into the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest path for passengers traveling on the urban road network. Weighted random numbers are generated to simulate the choice of highway exits when intercity coaches carrying passengers leave the city. Finally, Zhengzhou City is taken as an example for application analysis. The calculation is carried out using a script written in Python. The calculation results of the proposed method are compared with the results of the P -median model and the current locations of hubs. The results show that the proposed method consumes less time than the P -median method. The total time cost is also lower, which can reduce the time for passengers to leave the city. The location of the highway passenger transportation hub is closer to the periphery of the city and highway nodes, which conforms to the engineering practice and development trend of hub location so as to reduce its impact on urban internal traffic.
Long-Term Care Staffing Policies Pre-COVID-19 and Pandemic Responses: A Case Comparison of Ontario and British Columbia

Abstract:À la fin de mai 2020, les cas de COVID-19 chez les résident·es des établissements de soins de longue durée (SLD) en Ontario représentaient 5 157 des 28 499 cas de la province. En Colombie-Britannique (C.-B.), il y avait 339 cas chez les résident·es de ces établissements, comparativement à un total provincial de 2 562 cas. Bien que le secteur des SLD de ces deux provinces présente certaines différences, cet article passe en revue les politiques de dotation en personnel des SLD dans chacune des deux provinces avant la pandémie et compare leurs mesures de prévention de la COVID-19 ayant trait à la dotation pour 2020. Aux politiques de l’Ontario avant 2020 correspondent des ratios personnel-patients inférieurs à ceux de la Colombie-Britannique, ce qui peut avoir eu un effet limitant sur les réactions de l’Ontario à la pandémie. L’établissement de normes ou de lignes directrices ainsi qu’une modification du financement pourraient améliorer la résilience du secteur des SLD en matière de dotation en personnel.Abstract:By late May 2020, COVID-19 cases among long-term care (LTC) residents in Ontario constituted 5,157 of the province’s 28,499 cases. In British Columbia (B.C.), there were 339 cases among LTC residents compared with a provincial total of 2,562 cases. While the LTC sectors in these two provinces have some differences, this article reviews their pre-pandemic LTC staffing policies and compares their staffing-related COVID-19 prevention measures in 2020. Ontario’s policies before 2020 corresponded with lower staff-to-patient ratios than B.C., which may have constrained Ontario’s pandemic responses. Implementation of standards or guidelines and changes to funding could help achieve LTC sector staffing resiliency.
Numerical modelling of thermomechanical solids with highly conductive energetic interfaces

Interfaces within a solid can play a significant role in the overall response of a body. The influence of an interface increases as the scale of the problem decreases. Furthermore, the thermomechanical properties of the interface can differ significantly from those of the surrounding bulk. Such effects are described here using interface elasticity theory. The objective of this contribution is to detail the computational aspects of modelling thermomechanical solids with highly conductive energetic interfaces. The interface is termed energetic in the sense that it possesses its own energy, entropy, constitutive relations and dissipation. The equations governing the fully nonlinear, transient problem are given. They are then solved using an efficient finite element scheme. Full details of the consistent linearisation of the nonlinear governing equations are provided. Key features of highly conductive energetic interfaces are then elucidated via a series of three‐dimensional numerical examples. In particular and in contrast to highly conductive thermal interfaces, it is clearly shown that a jump in the heat flux across the interface is possible even in the absence of a heat flux along the interface. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental study and modeling of the electron-attracting sheath: The influence of secondary electron emission

A copper sample facing an energy-resolved mass spectrometer is biased positively beyond plasma potential in low-pressure argon plasma. Some ions are created in the sheath by electrons extracted from plasma and accelerated toward the mass spectrometer where they are detected according to their energy. Ion energy is related to local electrical sheath potential at which the ion has been created. Therefore, the Ion Distribution Function (IDF) allows us to probe in a nonperturbative way electron-attracting sheath potential. We observe a strong decrease of ion signal a few volts before sample bias. We attribute this effect to the presence of secondary electrons shielding positive sample potential. Potential profile and IDFs are computed using a model including secondary emission. The fit of IDFs provides an estimation of secondary emission yield and secondary electron temperature.
Wideband circularly polarized Spidron fractal slot antenna with a grooved dielectric resonator

A single-feed wideband circularly polarized Spidron fractal slot antenna with a grooved dielectric resonator is presented. To realize a wideband axial ratio, the circular polarizations of both a Spidron fractal slot and a grooved rectangular dielectric resonator are merged. The proposed antenna is excited by a simple 50-Ω microstrip feed line which is located underneath the Spidron fractal slot. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. The measured −10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidth and 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth are 40.33% (1.94–2.92 GHz) and 23.75% (2.30–2.92 GHz), respectively. The measured peak gain of the antenna is 4.23 dBic.
Multichannel filtering for image texture segmentation

Several approaches to multichannel filtering for texture classification and segmentation with Gabor filters have been proposed. The rationale presented for the use of the Gabor filters is their relation to models for the early vision of mammals as well as their joint optimum resolution in time and frequency. In this work we present a critical evaluation of the Gabor filters as opposed to filter banks used in image coding-in both full rate and critically sampled realizations. In the critically sampled case, tremendous computational savings can be realized. We further evaluate the commonly used octave band decomposition versus alternative decompositions. We conclude that, for a texture segmentation task, several filters provide approximately the same results as the Gabor filter and, most important, it is possible to use subsampled filters with only a modest degradation in segmentation accuracy-realizing considerable computational savings.
Rotation and dichroism associated with microwave propagation in chiral composite samples

In this paper we present experimental results on the angle of rotation and the axial ratio (dichroism) associated with the propagation of microwave waves in chiral composite samples (a phenomenon akin to optical rotation and optical dichroism). In our experiments the chiral composite samples tested were made in the form of planar slabs and consisted of low loss dielectric matrix materials in which miniature copper springs of left only, right only, or an equal mixture of left and right handedness were randomly distributed and oriented. The normally incident wave was linearly polarized. In the chiral sample the linearly polarized wave decomposes into left and right circularly polarized waves which propagate with different speeds and different attenuations leading to an elliptically polarized transmitted wave whose orientation ( electromagnetic rotation ) and axial ratio (dichroism) are proportional to the concentration of springs. Rotation and dichroism are shown to be zero in the equichiral samples.
First-order phase transitions in superconductors and smectic-A liquid crystals

The superconducting phase transition is predicted to be weakly first order, because of effects of the intrinsic fluctuating magnetic field, according to a Wilson-Fisher e-expansion analysis, as well as a generalized mean-field calculation appropriate to a type-I superconductor. Similar results hold for the phase transition from a smectic-A to a nematic liquid crystal.
A Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Digital Transformation for a Distance Education Institution

In the current times, very little attention is paid on measuring the performance of digital transformation in educational institutions so that it can run sustainably. This study aimed to create an appropriate instrument in measuring digital transformation in educational institutions, especially distance education institution. The study used a quantitative approach and collected data from 402 Universitas Terbuka students of 5 faculties; the Faculty of Economics (FE), Faculty of Law, Social and Political Sciences (FLSPS), Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FTTE), Faculty of Science and Technology as well as the Graduate Program. An online questionnaire was used to collect data related to digital transformation applied by the Universitas Terbuka as a distance education institution using the random sampling method. The data were analyzed using a Second Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to verify the instrument's factor structure based on the model developed in the study. The results of the study show evidence that the five indicators consist of a) Strategy and institutional governance, b) Curriculum and delivery methods, c) Assessment, d) Staff support and professional development, and e) Infrastructure and resources had good goodness of fit criteria and creating a valid and reliable instrument to measure the performance of digital transformation in distance education institution.
Numerical Soliton Solutions for a Discrete Sine-Gordon System

In this paper we use an analytical-numerical approach to find, in a systematic way, new 1-soliton solutions for a discrete sine-Gordon system in one spatial dimension. Since the spatial domain is unbounded, the numerical scheme employed to generate these soliton solutions is based on the artificial boundary method. A large selection of numerical examples provides much insight into the possible shapes of these new 1-solitons. AMS subject classifications: 65M06, 65L10, 35Q53, 35Q51
SIMULTANEOUS RAPID HARD X-RAY AND OPTICAL VARIABILITY IN AM HERCULIS : MEASUREMENT OF BLOB PARAMETERS

We describe a study of the variability observed in the Ginga hard X-ray observation of AM Herculis. We find that the X-ray variability is best described by shot noise, with an exponential decay time-scale of 70 s. Interpreting the shots as due to inhomogeneous accretion, we derive a blob length-scale of '" 1010 em at the white dwarf surface, a blob radius of 6 x 10 5 -4 X 10 6 em, and a mass of '" 10 16 g. Simultaneous optical data show for the first time a correlation between the hard X-ray and optical red variability, which decreases towards bluer wavelengths. The observed correlations are explained as occurring from bremsstrahlung and cyclotron radiation from the main shock-heated accretion region near the white dwarf surface, with the degree of correlation decreasing towards bluer wavelengths due to the rapid decline of the cyclotron flux towards higher frequencies, and to the presence of Balmer continuum and line emission from the accretion stream in the blue bands.
Evaluation of Seasonal Changes in the Content of Trace Elements in Satureja kitaibelii

Abstract This study aimed at combined chemical and chemometric analysis of seasonal variation in trace element (TE) contents (B, Si, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Zn) in Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. (savory) and its growing soil, with emphasis on potential aspects of health promotion. The lowest contents of the studied elements in the soil, except for silicon, were recorded in the vegetative stage. In the plant, the boron content is the highest: 10.5–14.9 mg kg−1 and the chromium content is the lowest: 0.17–1.2 mg kg−1. The highest values of soil-to-plant transfer factor (TF) were recorded for five elements (except Si and Cr) in the vegetative stage. Savory can be considered an accumulator of boron. The statistical and chemometric analysis confirmed a variation in TE content of studied soil and plant samples. This study revealed that savory from Serbia to be a potential source of valuable TEs. A significant percentage of daily intake of B, Cr, and Ni, can be provided with three cups of tea per day of plants collected in the vegetative and flowering stages.
Estimating land surface radiation balance using MODIS in northeastern China

Abstract Net radiation ( R n ) is the balance between the incoming and outgoing radiation fluxes of longwave and shortwave radiations. As an essential parameter for surface energy budgets, R n has been widely applied to weather prediction, agriculture evaluation, and regional water resource management. However, the traditional methods for estimating the net radiation are inadequate at the local to regional scales because of their spatial discontinuity and the uneven distribution of radiation sites. With high temporal and spatial resolutions, moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer data provide numerous terrestrial and atmosphere products, which can help to estimate the shortwave and longwave radiations with limited measured meteorological data. Although many studies have calculated the radiation budget, most of them were applied in North America, where extensive ground validation data are available. In northeastern China, research on the radiation budget was rare, and ground validation data were difficult to acquire, which made our study meaningful and significant. In our work, we have experimented with different parameterization schemes of the components of the radiation budget in our study area and chose the most suitable one to estimate the instantaneous net radiation flux and its components for the study area. The results showed that the RMSE of the downwelling shortwave radiation flux, downwelling longwave radiation flux, upwelling longwave radiation flux, and instantaneous R n were 31.5, 22.36, 20.61, and 34.32 W / m 2 , respectively. The sinusoidal model of the diurnal cycle and instantaneous R n were used to calculate the daily average R n , and the resulting RMSE was 47.67 W / m 2 . Finally, the variation of the monthly average R n of northeastern China in 2011 was analyzed, and the result showed that the temporal and spatial distributions of the monthly average net radiation might be closely related to the land cover types, specifically the seasonal snow cover changes.