Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Directional mobility based nearest neighbor clustering for critical node detection in MANETs

Critical nodes are severe threats to network performance. Critical nodes when deteriorating would disturb the communication in the network. Presence of such critical nodes/links in MANETs should be detected in advance to retain the prevailing communication setup. This paper discusses a short survey on the existing clustering algorithms utilized for routing in MANETs. This paper also proposes mobility based clustering for critical node detection. The evaluation of proposed Mobility based NN clustering (MNN) protocols for critical node detection is on par with other unequal clustering protocols. The results show a promising improvement in network performance ignoring the efficiency of cluster head.
Combining Static and Dynamic Data Coalescing in Unified Parallel C

Significant progress has been made in the development of programming languages and tools that are suitable for hybrid computer architectures that group several shared-memory multicores interconnected through a network. This paper addresses important limitations in the code generation for partitioned global address space (PGAS) languages. These languages allow fine-grained communication and lead to programs that perform many fine-grained accesses to data. When the data is distributed to remote computing nodes, code transformations are required to prevent performance degradation. Until now code transformations to PGAS programs have been restricted to the cases where both the physical mapping of the data or the number of processing nodes are known at compilation time. In this paper, a novel application of the inspector-executor model overcomes these limitations and allows profitable code transformations, which result in fewer and larger messages sent through the network, when neither the data mapping nor the number of processing nodes are known at compilation time. A performance evaluation reports both scaling and absolute performance numbers on up to 32,768 cores of a Power 775 supercomputer. This evaluation indicates that the compiler transformation results in speedups between 1.15x and 21x over a baseline and that these automated transformations achieve up to 63 percent the performance of the MPI versions.
The Effects of the Fixation Cue in Inhibition of Return

In experiments examining inhibition of return (IOR), an attentional effect that inhibits the returning of attention to a previously attended location or object, a second cue during the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) period is typically used. This is done to control the reorienting of attention from a peripherally cued location back to the central fixation point before the target appears. Recently, there have been numerous studies which demonstrate that fixation cues are effective in revealing IOR. Plenty of factors have been shown to influence the effects of the fixation cue in IOR, including the time onset of the fixation cue, the number of potential target locations, the attentional demands of performing the task, the modality of the fixation cue, and the condition of participants. Here, the authors review previous work that has examined the effects of the fixation cue in IOR.
Removal of ballistocardiogram artifacts exploiting second order cyclostationarity

Simultaneous recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is increasingly used to monitor the brain activity. The interactions between the scanner magnetic field, the patient's body, and the EEG electrodes generate a pulsation artifact called ballistocardiogram (BCG) which is synchronized with the patient's heart beat. The BCG artifact is considered here as the sum of a number of independent cyclostationary components having the same cycle frequency. Cyclostationary source extraction (CSE) is used here to remove BCG artifact. The results are compared with the results of benchmark BCG removal techniques. It is shown that visual evoked potentials (VEPs) recorded inside the scanner and processed using the proposed method are more correlated with the VEPs recorded outside the scanner. Moreover, the presence of electrocardiogram (ECG) data is not necessary in this method as the cycle frequency of the BCG is directly computed from the contaminated EEG signals.
Area-Time Efficient Implementation of the Elliptic Curve Method of Factoring in Reconfigurable Hardware for Application in the Number Field Sieve

A novel portable hardware architecture of the Elliptic Curve Method of factoring, designed and optimized for application in the relation collection step of the Number Field Sieve, is described and analyzed. A comparison with an earlier proof-of-concept design by Pelzl et al. has been performed, and a substantial improvement has been demonstrated in terms of both the execution time and the area-time product. The ECM architecture has been ported across five different families of FPGA devices in order to select the family with the best performance to cost ratio. A timing comparison with the highly optimized software implementation, GMP-ECM, has been performed. Our results indicate that low-cost families of FPGAs, such as Spartan-3 and Spartan-3E, offer at least an order of magnitude improvement over the same generation of microprocessors in terms of the performance to cost ratio, without the use of embedded FPGA resources, such as embedded multipliers.
The study on fuzzy face recognition of low-quality images

In this paper, an in-depth study is made on the fuzzy face recognition technology based on the shape features. In view of the defects and deficiency of the traditional Active Shape Model (ASM) method in the process of feature extraction, several improved methods are put forward. In the improved algorithm, the initial position is initialized by using the method of pupil localization; in the extraction of the gray scale information of the feature points, a method is designed by forming a circular area centered on the feature points and extracting meaningful pixel information from this area. All of these methods have effectively improved the performance of the ASM method. An experimental analysis is made on the algorithm, and the experimental results show that the modified ASM method has been improved both in the accuracy and in the robustness of fuzzy face recognition.
Leveraging natural language processing of clinical narratives for phenotype modeling

This paper will explore methods for effectively extracting information from clinical narratives. The proposed research will investigate the application of state of the art natural language processing techniques to clinical narratives, such as medical admission notes, discharge summaries, progress notes, and pathology reports to extract information of interest. The objective of this knowledge discovery task is the ability to generate a chronology of events, for a given patient, ultimately leading to patient cohort discovery. This in turn facilitates efficient information retrieval and enables patient specific question answering. The paper details the proposed research problem which spans across areas of information extraction, temporal relation extraction and reasoning, and machine learning with the help of two use case scenarios: 1) Automatic patient accrual for clinical trials and 2) Information retrieval over a biorepository.
Framework for cross-language automatic phonetic segmentation

Annotation of large multilingual corpora remains a challenge to the data-driven approach to speech research, especially for under-resourced languages. This paper presents cross-language automatic phonetic segmentation using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). The underlying notion is segmentation based on articulation (manner and place) so as to provide extensive models that will be applicable across languages. A test on the Appen Spanish speech corpus gives phone recognition accuracy of 61.15% when bootstrapped with acoustic models trained on the TIMIT as compared with a baseline result of 54.63% for flat start initialization of the monophone models.
Trends in the Development of Machinery and Associated Technology ” TMT 2007 , Hammamet , Tunisia , 05-09 September , 2007 . ENGLISH LEARNING via M-LEARNING TOOL

Distance learning provided many teaching opportunities in recent years. Yet one of the significant disadvantages for e-learning when compared with m-learning is using the personal computers by web in front of a computer. Nowadays, there is increasing interest in the potential for supporting the mobile learning with the growing use of mobile devices which often includes wireless network connectivity, blue-tooth connections, various add-on hardware and software. The extended use of mobile devices and the technological development in the wireless networks simulated a new research field on mobile computing recently. Education can be counted as one of the most significant area for mobile computing. In this paper, a prototype is developed for a mobile phone by considering the previously written guidelines and tested on 30 undergraduate students. English learning class is selected as the pilot test to examine whether the application can be useful for effective learning purposes. The prototype is evaluated by using a survey to collect the perceived usefulness and other usability factors to detect required improvements. It is concluded that the perception of the students on the developed mobile product is positive and future recommendation is improving the content of this prototype to use it on other credit classes to support effective teaching.
Explaining Watson: Polymath Style

Our paper is actually two contributions in one. First, we argue that IBM's Jeopardy! playing machine needs a formal semantics. We present several arguments as we discuss the system. We also situate the work in the broader context of contemporary AI. Our second point is that the work in this area might well be done as a broad collaborative project. Hence our "Blue Sky'' contribution is a proposal to organize a polymath-style effort aimed at developing formal tools for the study of state of the art question-answer systems, and other large scale NLP efforts whose architectures and algorithms lack a theoretical foundation.
Robust response of the Amundsen Sea Low to stratospheric ozone depletion

The effect of stratospheric ozone depletion on the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL), a climatological low‐pressure center important for the climate of West Antarctica, remains uncertain. Using state‐of‐the‐art climate models, we here show that stratospheric ozone depletion can cause a statistically significant deepening of the ASL in summer with an amplitude of approximately 1 hPa per decade. We are able to attribute the modeled changes in the ASL to stratospheric ozone depletion by contrasting ensembles of historical integrations with and without a realistic ozone hole. In the presence of very large natural variability, the robustness of the ozone impact on the ASL is established by (1) examining ensembles of model runs to isolate the forced response, (2) repeating the analysis with two different climate models, and (3) considering the entire period of stratospheric ozone depletion, the beginning of which predates the satellite era by a couple of decades.
On the achievements of high school students studying computational models

One of the units in the relatively new high school CS curriculum which is being implemented in Israel is a theoretical unit on computational models. It includes deterministic and non-deterministic finite automata, regular and non-regular languages, closure properties of regular languages, pushdown automata, closure properties of context free languages, Turing machines, the Church-Turing thesis and the halting problem. This paper focuses on part of a study we conducted dealing with the achievements of high school students studying this unit. Specifically, this paper compares the achievements of students on the technical parts of this unit vs. its theoretical parts. We also examine the correlation between achievements of students studying the Computational Models unit, and two other factors: The students' previous computer-related background (not necessarily computer science) and the level on which they studied mathematics.
SPECULATIVE BUBBLES IN MATURE STOCK MARKETS : DO THEY EXIST AND ARE THEY RELATED ?

Economists have long conjectured that movements in stock prices may involve speculative bubbles. A speculative bubble is usually defined as the difference between the market value of a security and its fundamental value. Although there are several important theoretical issues surrounding the topic of asset bubbles, their existence is inherently an empirical issue that has not been settled. This paper proposes a new methodology for testing for the existence of rational bubbles. Unlike previous authors, we treat both the dividend and the bubble process as part of the state vector. The new methodology is applied to the four mature markets of the U.S., Japan, England and Germany to test whether a bubble was present during the period of January 1951 to December 1998. This paper also examines whether there are linkages between these national bubbles. We find evidence that U.S. bubbles cause bubbles in the other three markets but we find no evidence for reverse causality. Current Draft: July 2002. This paper was presented at the European Financial Management Association Meetings, Lugano, Switzerland, June 27-30, 2001 and also at the Western Economic Association Meetings, San Francisco, July 5-8, 2001. We are thankful to two discussants and several colleagues for their useful comments.
Biologically Inspired Hierarchical Model for Feature Extraction and Localization

Feature extraction and matching are among central problems of computer vision. It is inefficent to search features over all locations and scales. Neurophysiological evidence shows that to locate objects in a digital image the human visual system employs visual attention to a specific object while ignoring others. The brain also has a mechanism to search from coarse to fine. In this paper, we present a feature extractor and an associated hierarchical searching model to simulate such processes. With the hierarchical representation of the object, coarse scanning is done through the matching of the larger scale and precise localization is conducted through the matching of the smaller scale. Experimental results justify the proposed model in its effectiveness and efficiency to localize features.
Genocodes for Genetic Algorithms

The issue of which encoding scheme to use for the genetic algorithm (GA) genocode, has not received its due recognition by the GA community. This is based on the premise that the GA representation debate has been concluded as a consequence of the schemata theorem, which states that low cardin-ality alphabets are a prerequisite. However, in contrast to the theory, practitioners continually report the success of real genocodes. A brief review of the theory of representation in genetic algorithms is provided. Six genocodes are evaluated, straight binary, Gray, E-code, Real-step (step mutation with ne granularity), Real-step-round (step mutation with coarse granularity) and Real-stochastic (stochastic mutation). The results support the concept of a dynamic adaptive genocode.
Control of PDGF-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and signal transduction in human lens epithelial cells

Purpose The mitogenic action of PDGF has been shown to associate with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, but the mechanism leading to ROS production and subsequent cell proliferation is not clear. We investigated the upstream membrane-bound target proteins involved in PDGF-stimulated signal transduction in human lens epithelial cell (HLE B3), using specific inhibitors and transfected cells. Methods PDGF (1 ng/ml)-stimulated ROS generation was measured using fluorescent reaction of DCFDA by confocal microscope in live HLE B3 cells. Western blot analysis was used to determine the activated MAP kinases in cell lysates. Specific inhibitors used in this study were: AG1296 for PDGF receptor (PDGFR); AG1517 for EGF receptor (EGFR); pertussis toxin for cytokine-binding G protein coupled receptor (GPCR); PP1 for Src-family kinases; LY294002 for phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K). Small GTP-binding proteins Rac and Ras were studied using transfectants of dominant negative Rac (Rac N17), Ras (Ras N17) or constitutively active Rac (Rac V12). Cell proliferation was quantified using BrdU incorporation method. Results Inhibitions of PDGF receptor kinase, the docking protein component Src-family kinases, and the survival element PI3K all eradicated PDGF-stimulated ROS production and corroborated with the suppressed cell growth. These inhibitions also attenuated the activated ERK1/2, JNK, and Akt, all downstream targets of the above factors. Interestingly, inhibiting GPCR or EGFR also showed the same effect but to a lesser degree. Co-inhibiting receptors to PDGF and EGF with or without co-inhibiting GPCR eradicated the PDGF signaling system completely. Transiently transfected cells with plasmid from small GTP-binding proteins Rac N17 or Ras N17 diminished PDGF action in ROS generation, cell proliferation and MAP kinase activation, while cells with Rac V12 enhanced the PDGF effect. Conclusions Our data clarified the potential mechanism of PDGF signaling in the lens epithelial cells, in which concerted efforts of the upstream components of PDGF receptor kinase, Src-family kinases, PI3K, Rac, and Ras proteins are required. This report also provided novel findings that GPCR and EGF receptors may control PDGF signaling in the lens epithelial cells via integrative signaling and transactivation mechanisms, respectively.
A web page topic segmentation algorithm based on visual criteria and content layout

This paper presents experiments using an algorithm of web page topic segmentation that show significant precision improvement in the retrieval of documents issued from the Web track corpus of TREC 2001. Instead of processing the whole document, a web page is segmented into different semantic blocks according to visual criteria (such as horizontal lines, colors) and structural tags (such as headings <H1>~<H6>, paragraph <P>). We conclude that combining visual and content layout criteria gives the best results for increasing the precision: the ranking of the page is calculated for relevant segments of pages resulting from the segmentation algorithm.
Irreducible modules of finite dimensional quantum algebras of type A at roots of unity

Properly specializing the parameters contained in the maximal cyclic representation of the nonrestricted A-type quantum algebra at roots of unity, we find the unique primitive vector in it. In this case, the representation is no longer irreducible. We show that the submodule generated by the primitive vector is the unique irreducible submodule and can be identified with an irreducible highest weight module of the finite dimensional A-type quantum algebra, which is defined as the subalgebra of the restricted quantum algebra at roots of unity.
A Low-Power High-Speed 4-Bit ADC for DS-UWB Communications

This paper describes a 4-bit 4GS/s flash analog to digital converter for DS-UWB applications, using a 0.18 mum CMOS technology. The converter utilizes full custom logic, low noise preamplifiers, and fast comparators with inductive loads. The analog and digital power supplies are 1.8V and 2.2V, respectively, and the power dissipation is only 68-mW. Averaging resistance networks are used which improves the offset voltages by a factor of 2, and reduces both the INL and DNL as illustrated by Monte Carlo simulation. The differential input swing is 1Vpp at 1.8-V supply. Simulated performance for 4GS/s shows 22.2 dB of SNDR at 1.5-GHz input frequency. The INL is -0.31/0.35 LSB, and the DNL is -0.18/0.25 LSB. Using averaging technique decreases these errors to -0.2/+0.18LSB and -0.13/+0.1LSB, respectively
Feature Selection Based on Confidence Machine

In machine learning and pattern recognition, feature selection has been a hot topic in the literature. Unsupervised feature selection is challenging due to the loss of labels which would supply the related information.How to define an appropriate metric is the key for feature selection. We propose a filter method for unsupervised feature selection which is based on the Confidence Machine. Confidence Machine offers an estimation of confidence on a feature'reliability. In this paper, we provide the math model of Confidence Machine in the context of feature selection, which maximizes the relevance and minimizes the redundancy of the selected feature. We compare our method against classic feature selection methods Laplacian Score, Pearson Correlation and Principal Component Analysis on benchmark data sets. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our method.
A Novel Atoh1 “Self-Terminating” Mouse Model Reveals the Necessity of Proper Atoh1 Level and Duration for Hair Cell Differentiation and Viability

Atonal homolog1 (Atoh1) is a bHLH transcription factor essential for inner ear hair cell differentiation. Targeted expression of Atoh1 at various stages in development can result in hair cell differentiation in the ear. However, the level and duration of Atoh1 expression required for proper hair cell differentiation and maintenance remain unknown. We generated an Atoh1 conditional knockout (CKO) mouse line using Tg(Atoh1-cre), in which the cre expression is driven by an Atoh1 enhancer element that is regulated by Atoh1 protein to “self-terminate” its expression. The mutant mice show transient, limited expression of Atoh1 in all hair cells in the ear. In the organ of Corti, reduction and delayed deletion of Atoh1 result in progressive loss of almost all the inner hair cells and the majority of the outer hair cells within three weeks after birth. The remaining cells express hair cell marker Myo7a and attract nerve fibers, but do not differentiate normal stereocilia bundles. Some Myo7a-positive cells persist in the cochlea into adult stages in the position of outer hair cells, flanked by a single row of pillar cells and two to three rows of disorganized Deiters cells. Gene expression analyses of Atoh1, Barhl1 and Pou4f3, genes required for survival and maturation of hair cells, reveal earlier and higher expression levels in the inner compared to the outer hair cells. Our data show that Atoh1 is crucial for hair cell mechanotransduction development, viability, and maintenance and also suggest that Atoh1 expression level and duration may play a role in inner vs. outer hair cell development. These genetically engineered Atoh1 CKO mice provide a novel model for establishing critical conditions needed to regenerate viable and functional hair cells with Atoh1 therapy.
ADAPTIVE CONTROL SIGNAL PARAMETERS IN LTE TECHNOLOGY WITH MIMO

V.A. LOSHAKOV, H. D. AL-JANABI, H. K. AL-ZAYADI Kharkov national university of radioelectronics В роботі розглядається можливість збільшення продуктивності LTE з використанням адаптації CQI зі зворотним зв'язком. Досліджується залежність імовірності помилки від відношення сигнал/шум при різних конфігураціях MIMO. In this paper are considering ability of increasing the LTE performance by using the adaptation CQI feedback. The Block Error Rate of the Channel Quality Indicator performance has to be investigated depending on different configuration of MIMO. В данной работе рассматривается возможность увеличения производительности LTE с использованием адаптации CQI с обратной связью. Исследуется зависимость вероятности ошибки от отношения сигнал/шум при различных конфигурациях MIMO.