Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artificial Antibodies for Bioanalyte Detection—Sensing Viruses and Proteins

Molecular imprinting has become an increasingly popular method for the design of artificial antibodies against a variety of analytes, and especially as a method for detecting viruses and proteins. Self‐assembly of a virus on a stamp enables us to generate patterns on a polymer. Combined with mass‐sensitive transducers, the reinclusion of viruses, such as the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the human rhinovirus (HRV), and the parapox ovis virus (PPOV), into the patterned polymer layer can be followed directly. Recognition is favored by a geometrical fit between the analyte and the patterned layer, as well as by noncovalent interactions; the former can be observed by the highly selective enrichment of rod‐shaped TMV and globular HRV on their respective imprints, showing only negligible cross‐sensitivity. The latter is demonstrated by the selective incorporation of different HRV serotypes (HRV‐1a and HRV‐16) that have the same geometric dimensions but nonetheless are clearly distinguished from each other. Similar behavior is observed with protein molecules that are about one order of magnitude smaller than viruses, having molecular dimensions of a few nanometers. When using proteins for imprinting, the resulting materials usually preferably incorporate into their own template.
Universal Schubert polynomials

The aim of this paper is to introduce some polynomials that specialize to all previously known Schubert polynomials: the classical Schubert polynomials of Lascoux and Schützenberger [L-S], [M], the quantum Schubert polynomials of Fomin, Gelfand, and Postnikov [F-G-P], and quantum Schubert polynomials for partial flag varieties of Ciocan-Fontanine [CF2]. There are also double versions of these universal Schubert polynomials that generalize the previously known double Schubert polynomials [L-S], [M], [K-M], [CF-F]. They describe degeneracy loci of maps of vector bundles, but in a more general setting than the previously known setting of [F2]. These universal Schubert polynomials possess many but not all algebraic properties of their classical specializations. Their extra structure make them useful for studying their specializations, as it can be easier to find patterns before variables are specialized. The main geometric setting to which these polynomials apply is the following. We have maps of vector bundles
Dynamic global path planning with uncertainty for mobile robots in manufacturing

We propose a probabilistic approach to the problem of global path planning with uncertainty for mobile robots in a dynamic manufacturing environment. To model the changing environment, we use a topological graph weighted by scalar cost functions. The cost functions consist of two elements: a deterministic cost for the known part of the robot's environment, and an uncertainty cost for the unknown part of the environment. Statistical models are built to quantify the unknown part of the environment, forming uncertainty costs for handling unexpected events. These uncertainty costs are dynamically updated by available sensor data when the mobile robot moves around. An optimal path (suboptimal in practice) is then found from the weighted topological graph using dynamic programming.
Interaction between Two Timing MicroRNAs Controls Trichome Distribution in Arabidopsis

The miR156-targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE (SPL) transcription factors function as an endogenous age cue in regulating plant phase transition and phase-dependent morphogenesis, but the control of SPL output remains poorly understood. In Arabidopsis thaliana the spatial pattern of trichome is a hallmark of phase transition and governed by SPLs. Here, by dissecting the regulatory network controlling trichome formation on stem, we show that the miR171-targeted LOST MERISTEMS 1 (LOM1), LOM2 and LOM3, encoding GRAS family members previously known to maintain meristem cell polarity, are involved in regulating the SPL activity. Reduced LOM abundance by overexpression of miR171 led to decreased trichome density on stems and floral organs, and conversely, constitutive expression of the miR171-resistant LOM (rLOM) genes promoted trichome production, indicating that LOMs enhance trichome initiation at reproductive stage. Genetic analysis demonstrated LOMs shaping trichome distribution is dependent on SPLs, which positively regulate trichome repressor genes TRICHOMELESS 1 (TCL1) and TRIPTYCHON (TRY). Physical interaction between the N-terminus of LOMs and SPLs underpins the repression of SPL activity. Importantly, other growth and developmental events, such as flowering, are also modulated by LOM-SPL interaction, indicating a broad effect of the LOM-SPL interplay. Furthermore, we provide evidence that MIR171 gene expression is regulated by its targeted LOMs, forming a homeostatic feedback loop. Our data uncover an antagonistic interplay between the two timing miRNAs in controlling plant growth, phase transition and morphogenesis through direct interaction of their targets.
Faster computation of the direct product kernel for graph classification

The direct product kernel, introduced by Gärtner et al. for graph classification, is based on defining a feature for every possible label sequence in a labelled graph and counting how many label sequences in two given graphs are identical. Although the direct product kernel has achieved promising results in terms of accuracy, the kernel computation is not feasible for large graphs. This is because computing the direct product kernel for two graphs is essentially computing either the inverse of or by diagonalizing the adjacency matrix of the direct product of these two graphs. For two graphs with adjacency matrices of sizes m and n, the adjacency matrix of their direct product graph can be of size mn in the worst case. As both matrix inversion or matrix diagonalizing in the general case is O(n3), computing the direct product kernel is O((mn)3). Our survey of data sets in graph classification indicates that most graphs have adjacency matrices of sizes in the order of hundreds which often leads to adjacency matrices of direct product graphs (of two graphs) having sizes in the order of thousands. In this work we show how the direct product kernel can be computed in O((m + n)3). The key insight behind our result is that the language of label sequences in a labeled graph is a regular language and that regular languages are closed under union and intersection.
Self-directed exercise improves perceived measures of health in adults with partly controlled asthma

Background. Supervised exercise leads to significant improvements in asthma control and quality-of-life in adults with partly controlled asthma; however, the role of unsupervised exercise is unknown. Methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of self-directed exercise on subjective and objective indices of asthma-related health. Participants (n = 24) were assigned to an exercise group or a control group for a 12-week period. Those in the exercise group were provided with exercise programs by a qualified exercise professional. These programs were updated through electronic mail every 3 weeks to ensure progression. Controls maintained their current lifestyle habits for the intervention period. Assessments of aerobic fitness, lung function, and subjective and objective asthma measures were conducted at baseline and after completion of the 12-week intervention period for both groups. Analysis of covariance was used to detect differences between groups from baseline to week 12. Qualitative analyses were used to assess responses to open-ended questions. Results. Adherence to the program was poor. Perceived asthma control and self-reported frequency and severity of asthma improved significantly in the exercise group at week 12 compared with that in the control group. Objective measures of asthma such as asthma control, quality-of-life, and lung function, as well as peak and submaximal aerobic fitness did not change relative to controls. Responses to open-ended questions revealed improvements in three areas: asthma management, perceived fitness, and well-being. Conclusion. Adults with partly controlled asthma are able to improve perceived control and subjective measures of asthma-related health with 12 weeks of self-directed exercise; however, supervision may be required to make significant improvements to measured asthma control, quality of life, and aerobic fitness. Future research should focus on the means to improve adherence of self-directed exercise programs in this population.
Topic Retrieval and Articles Recommendation

How to search articles effectively is significantly important to researchers in academia. Currently researchers use search engines like Google Scholar and search by keywords (eg. machine learning, topic modeling, k-means etc.). The typical search results are large amount of articles, which match the keywords exactly but are on many different topics. It is very time and effort consuming to read through the papers manually and select out desirable ones. We propose a solution to search papers by topic. We apply the Vector Space Model and tf-idf to vectorize and model documents. Then we use k-means algorithm and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method to train on a large document set and analyze every paper in it to generate its distribution over topics. The algorithm recommend papers to reader by analyzing whatever the reader has read and compare with the distribution of all papers in the training set. The papers with most similar distributions are those recommended to the user. In this way we realize searching in the database by topics rather than keywords. We use 1298 papers from past CS 229 course project reports as data source. Without any title or keywords matching, experimental results have demonstrated that our method can successfully extract the topics beneath the words of an article and recommend closely related ones.
Learning Interpretability for Visualizations using Adapted Cox Models through a User Experiment

In order to be useful, visualizations need to be interpretable. This paper uses a user-based approach to combine and assess quality measures in order to better model user preferences. Results show that cluster separability measures are outperformed by a neighborhood conservation measure, even though the former are usually considered as intuitively representative of user motives. Moreover, combining measures, as opposed to using a single measure, further improves prediction performances.
Frontotemporal dementia presenting as schizophrenia-like psychosis in young people: clinicopathological series and review of cases.

BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the relationship between schizophrenia and frontotemporal dementia. AIMS To investigate this relationship through a clinicopathological investigation of young-onset frontotemporal dementia and a review of the case literature. METHOD Cases of young-onset frontotemporal dementia were identified within the local brain bank. The clinical course and pathological findings were collated. For the literature review, cases of frontotemporal dementia identified through Medline were selected according to defined criteria. The demographic, clinical, pathological and genetic characteristics of cases presenting with a psychotic illness were identified. RESULTS In the case series, 5 of 17 patients with frontotemporal dementia had presented with a psychotic illness (schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder n=4, bipolar disorder n=1) an average of 5 years prior to the dementia diagnosis. Patients with schizophrenia exhibited changes consistent with TDP-43 and ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia. In the cases review, a third of patients aged 30 years or under and a quarter of those aged 40 years or under had been diagnosed with psychosis at presentation. CONCLUSIONS Patients with young-onset frontotemporal dementia may be diagnosed with a psychotic illness years before the dementia diagnosis is made. These findings have implications for clinicians and for our further understanding of the neurobiology of psychotic illness.
Perforated Duodenal Ulcer

a iSeries of 200 Cases of Perforated Duodenal Ulcer treated in Edinburgh between 1890 and 1912. Compiled from Data furnished by F. M. Caird, J. . M. Cotterill, C. W. Cathcart, Alexis Thomson, James Hodsdon, David Wallace, H. J. Stiles, Alexander Miles, J. W. Dowden, A. A. ScoxSkirving, W. J. Stuart, J. W. Struthers, George L. Chiene, H. Wade, E. Scott Carmichael, D. P. D. Wilkie, Lewis Beesly, and Cuthbert Paul.
Prosodic phrasing with inductive learning

Prosodic phrasing is an important component in modern TTS systems, which inserts natural and reasonable breaks into long utterance. This paper reports the study of applying several inductive machine-learning algorithms to prosodic phrasing in unrestricted Chinese texts. Two feature sets are carefully selected considering the effectiveness and reliability of them in practice. Then features and target boundary labels are extracted from a prepared speech corpus and used as training examples for inductive learning algorithms such as decision tree (C4.5), memory-based learning (MBL) and support vector machines (SVMs). The paper places emphasis on the comparison of the performance and speed of different learning techniques by training and testing them on the same corpus. The experiments show that all the algorithms achieve comparable results for both prosodic word and phrase prediction. It seems that prosodic word can be predicted from Chinese texts more accurately than prosodic phrase when using the same features and learning technique. Inductive learning is a promising way to prosodic phrasing, but it’s more important to find out good features than to apply different learning algorithms in order to improve the prediction accuracy dramatically.
Non-Abelian k-vortex dynamics in N = 1* theory and its gravity dual

We study magnetic flux tubes in the Higgs vacuum of the = 1* mass deformation of SU(Nc), = 4 SYM and its large Nc string dual, the Polchinski-Strassler geometry. Choosing equal masses for the three adjoint chiral multiplets, for all Nc we identify a ``colour-flavour locked'' symmetry, SO(3)C+F which leaves the Higgs vacuum invariant. At weak coupling, we find explicit non-Abelian k-vortex solutions carrying a Nc-valued magnetic flux, with winding, 0 < k < Nc. These k-strings spontaneously break SO(3)C+F to U(1)C+F resulting in an S2 moduli space of solutions. The world-sheet sigma model is a nonsupersymmetric 1 model with a theta angle θ1+1 = k(Nc−k)θ3+1 where θ3+1 is the Yang-Mills vacuum angle. We find numerically that k-vortex tensions follow the Casimir scaling law Tk ∝ k(Nc−k) for large Nc. In the large Nc IIB string dual, the SO(3)C+F symmetry is manifest in the geometry interpolating between AdS5 × S5 and the interior metric due to a single D5-brane carrying D3-brane charge. We identify candidate k-vortices as expanded probe D3-branes formed from a collection of k D-strings. The resulting k-vortex tension exhibits precise Casimir scaling, and the effective world-sheet theta angle matches the semiclassical result. S-duality maps the Higgs to the confining phase so that confining string tensions at strong 't Hooft coupling also exhibit Casimir scaling in = 1* theory in the large Nc limit.
Co-simulation framework for networked multi-core chips with interleaving discrete event simulation tools

The simulation of networked multi-core chips is a significant research problem in large embedded applications. Although multi-core processors in embedded systems offer increased computational resources and performance, many applications still require distributed systems with multiple of these processors to satisfy resource requirements and provide fault-tolerance at system level. This paper introduces a framework for the co-simulation of a distributed system (i.e., off-chip networks, end-systems) with multi-core chips based on networks-on-a-chip. Simulation components are presented for the synchronization and data exchange between these simulators. A realization is performed using the simulator GEM5 for the chip level, the simulator OPNET for the cluster level and components for communication and synchronization via TCP/IP. An evaluation for a use case demonstrates the utility of the framework to analyse applications and their timing on networked multi-core chips.
Inhibition of HIV infectivity by human saliva.

OBJECTIVE Human saliva is known to decrease HIV infectivity in vitro. The purpose of this study was to extend these findings and to focus on the mechanism of action of these salivary factor(s). DESIGN A number of viruses and several assay systems have been utilized to determine if the effect of submandibular saliva is directly on the virus, on the host cell, or on the virus-cell interaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Submandibular saliva from seronegative donors was incubated with HIV-1, other retroviruses, or unrelated viruses. Viral infectivity was monitored either by determining p24 antigen levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells or Sup T1 cells, or using HeLa cells expressing CD4 and an HIV derived long terminal repeat linked to the beta-galactosidase gene. RESULTS The inhibition of viral infectivity by submandibular saliva is specific for HIV-1. While inhibition increases with time of incubation of saliva with virus, pretreatment of cells with saliva does not inhibit HIV production, and saliva has only modest inhibitory effects when added to HIV-infected cells. CONCLUSIONS It appears that the effect of submandibular saliva on decreasing the infectivity of HIV-1 is directly on the virus, rather than on the host cell.
Comparison of Force and Peak EMG during a Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction at Selected Angles in the Range of Motion for Knee Extension

For 5 adults maximal isometric strength at 110°, 90°, 70°, 50°, and 30° of knee flexion for the vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus lateralis varied across angles but EMG responses were similar. That motor recruitment patterns were similar throughout the range of joint motion requires replication on a larger sample.
The Prevalence of Workaholism: A Survey Study in a Nationally Representative Sample of Norwegian Employees

Workaholism has become an increasingly popular area for empirical study. However, most studies examining the prevalence of workaholism have used non-representative samples and measures with poorly defined cut-off scores. To overcome these methodological limitations, a nationally representative survey among employees in Norway (N = 1,124) was conducted. Questions relating to gender, age, marital status, caretaker responsibility for children, percentage of full-time equivalent, and educational level were asked. Workaholism was assessed by the use of a psychometrically validated instrument (i.e., Bergen Work Addiction Scale). Personality was assessed using the Mini-International Personality Item Pool. Results showed that the prevalence of workaholism was 8.3% (95% CI = 6.7–9.9%). An adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that workaholism was negatively related to age and positively related to the personality dimensions agreeableness, neuroticism, and intellect/imagination. Implications for these findings are discussed.
Bakerian Lecture. The Distortion of an Aluminium Crystal during a Tensile Test

The work described in the following pages was inspired by a paper in which Prof. Carpenter and Miss Elam described the result of applying tensile tests to specimens of aluminium which had been treated in such a way that they appeared to turn into single crystals. The resulting distortions of the test pieces were very remarkable and clearly suggested that the crystal axes were not orientated in the same direction in different specimens. The uniformity of the distortion in different parts of the same specimen made it seem likely that it would be a straightforward, though possibly laborious, matter to determine the relationship between the orientation of the axes and the distortion produced in a tensile test. And it seemed possible that by examining a number of specimens some general results might be obtained about the forces necessary to produce distortions of this type. On discussing the matter with Prof. Carpenter and Miss Elam it was found that it would not be possible to determine the distortion from the measurements they had already made. Moreover, no measurements of the orientation of the crystal axes had been made, though Sir W. Bragg had made a few observations indicating that the material retained its crystalline character after it had been distorted. Under these circumstances, it was decided to carry out a test, making all the necessary measurements at various stages during the extension of a specimen.
Estimation of relative distance from surrounding buildings by a vision sensor in urban area

The existing GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) has the weakness in availability and continuity for the vehicles in urban area since the number of visible satellites decreases abruptly due to large buildings and other structures. In this paper, a new method is proposed to estimate the relative lateral distance of a vehicle from surrounding buildings by a vision sensor to supplement the shortage of satellite-based positioning. In the proposed method, it is assumed that a vehicle, equipped with a vision sensor and a low-cost inertial measurement unit, is moving along a straight road segment in urban area. The common feature points contained in the two successive image frames from the single vision sensor are extracted. Based on the common feature points, the lateral depth information from buildings is estimated and utilized to improve availability and continuity of position solutions. To verify the conceptual feasibility of the proposed method, a simple experiment was performed.
Attitudes of mothers to neonatal screening for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Early diagnosis of Duchenne musclar dystrophy is crucial if genetic counselling is to be offered to women at risk of carrying the relevant gene. The age at diagnosis is still unacceptably late,1 and we recently showed that screening programmes in infants are inadequate2; thus interest in neonatal screening has increased. Screening of infants has shown that assay of creatine kinase activity fulfils the criteria that should be satisfied by any technique used in neonatal screening programmes.3 Despite the lack of effective treat? ment neonatal screening programmes exist in some countries4 and the prevention of secondary cases has been put forward as a justifiable reason for introducing neonatal screening,5 although there are ethical prob? lems with this argument. We determined the attitudes of mothers towards neonatal screening for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
HapticFlow: PDE‐based mesh editing with haptics

This paper presents HapticFlow, a haptics‐based direct mesh editing system founded upon the concept of PDE‐based geometric surface flow. The proposed flow‐based approach for direct geometric manipulation offers a unified design paradigm that can seamlessly integrate implicit, distance‐field based shape modeling with dynamic, physics‐based shape design. HapticFlow provides an intuitive haptic interface and allows users to directly manipulate 3D polygonal objects with ease. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our new approach, we developed a variety of haptics‐based mesh editing operations such as embossing, engraving, sketching as well as force‐based shape manipulation operations. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.