Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linguistic Resources and Tools for Automatic Speech Recognition in Basque

The development of Automatic Speech Recognition systems requires of appropriated digital resources and tools. The shortage of digital resources for minority languages slows down the development of ASR systems. Furthermore, the development of the system in Basque represents even a bigger challenge, since it has a very uncommon morphology. Nevertheless, recent advances have been achieved thanks to the Basque mass media, particularly the Basque Public Television (EITB) and the only daily newspaper in Basque (Egunkaria). These media have provided digital multimedia resources for the development of a digital library for both Basque and Spanish (Bordel, et al., 2004), and these rich resources have been employed to develop new tools for Speech Recognition.
Hormetic heat shock and HSF-1 overexpression improve C. elegans survival and proteostasis by inducing autophagy

ABSTRACT The cellular recycling process of macroautophagy/autophagy is an essential homeostatic system induced by various stresses, but it remains unclear how autophagy contributes to organismal stress resistance. In a recent study, we report that a mild and physiologically beneficial (“hormetic”) heat shock as well as overexpression of the heat-shock responsive transcription factor HSF-1 systemically increases autophagy in C. elegans. Accordingly, we found HSF-1- and heat stress-inducible autophagy to be required for C. elegans thermoresistance and longevity. Moreover, a hormetic heat shock or HSF-1 overexpression alleviated PolyQ protein aggregation in an autophagy-dependent manner. Collectively, we demonstrate a critical role for autophagy in C. elegans stress resistance and hormesis, and reveal a requirement for autophagy in HSF-1 regulated functions in the heat-shock response, proteostasis, and aging.
Quantitative Predictive Models for the Degree of Disability After Acute Ischemic Stroke

Although stroke is a leading cause of disability, the quantitative relationship between baseline clinical and imaging characteristics and long‐term disability outcomes has rarely been studied. Prospectively collected clinical data from 405 patients with acute ischemic stroke including brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and disability outcomes assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 3 month after the onset of disease were analyzed using a proportional odds cumulative logit model implemented in NONMEM. The relationship between the difference in lesion volume (DLV) — lesion volume measured by brain MRI 5 days later — lesion volume at the onset of the disease, and the mRS measured at 3 months (mRS3) was modeled first, and the potential covariates were tested. The Emax model best described the relationship between DLV and the logit probability of each mRS3. DLV, baseline stroke severity, age, and diabetes mellitus were identified as significant predictors of the probabilities of mRS3. The quantitative model constructed in the current analysis will enable us to predict the long‐term disabilities of the patients with acute ischemic stroke using the patient‐specific MRI and other clinical information, which will be useful for individualizing therapies and for making the clinical development of a novel drug more efficient.
Myocardial blood flow and coronary reserve in chronically anemic fetal lambs

Davis, Lowell E. , A. Roger Hohimer, and Mark J. Morton. Myocardial blood flow and coronary reserve in chronically anemic fetal lambs. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 46): R306–R313, 1999. — Chronic fetal anemia produces large compensatory increases in coronary blood flow in the near-term fetal lamb. To determine if increased coronary flow in anemic fetuses is associated with decreased coronary flow reserve or, alternatively, an increase in coronary conductance, we measured maximal coronary artery conductance during adenosine infusion before and during anemia. Isovolemic hemorrhage over 7 days reduced hematocrit from 30.6 6 2.7 to 15.8 6 2.4% (P , 0.02) and the oxygen content from 7.3 6 1.4 to 2.6 6 0.4 ml/dl (P , 0.001). Coronary blood flow increased from control (202 6 60) to 664 6 208 ml·min21 ·100 g21 with adenosine to 726 6 169 ml·min21 ·100 g21 during anemia and to 1,162 6 250 ml·min21 ·100 g21 (left ventricle) during anemia with adenosine infusion (all P , 0.001). Coronary conductance, determined during maximal vasodilation, was 18.2 6 7.7 before and 32.8 6 11.9 ml·min21 ·100 g21 ·mmHg21 during anemia (P , 0.001). Coronary reserve, the difference between resting and maximal myocardial blood flow interpolated at 40 mmHg, was unchanged in control and anemic fetuses (368 6 142 and 372 6 201 ml/min). Because hematocrit affects viscosity, anemic fetuses were transfused with blood to acutely increase the hematocrit back to control, and conductance was remeasured. Coronary blood flow decreased 57.3 6 18.9% but was still 42.6 6 18.9% greater than control. We conclude that in chronically anemic fetal sheep coronary conductance is increased and coronary reserve is maintained, and this is attributed in part to angiogenesis as well as changes in viscosity.
AP-1 mediates stretch-induced expression of HB-EGF in bladder smooth muscle cells.

Mechanical induction of growth factor synthesis may mediate adaptive responses of smooth muscle cells (SMC) to increases in physical load. We previously demonstrated that cyclic mechanical stretch induces expression of the SMC, fibroblast, and epithelial cell mitogen heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) in bladder SMC, an observation that suggests that this growth factor may be involved in compensatory bladder hypertrophy. In the present study we provide evidence that the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor plays a critical role in this mechanoinduction process. Rat bladder SMC were transiently transfected with a series of 5' deletion mutants of a promoter-reporter construct containing 1.7 kb of the mouse HB-EGF promoter that was previously shown to be stretch responsive. The stretch-mediated increase in promoter activity was completely ablated with deletion of nucleotide positions -1301 to -881. Binding of AP-1, as evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, to a synthetic oligonucleotide containing an AP-1 binding site increased in response to stretch, and binding was inhibited by excess unlabeled DNA corresponding to nucleotides -993 to -973 from the HB-EGF promoter, a region that contains a previously recognized composite AP-1/Ets site. Stretch-induced promoter activity was significantly inhibited by site-directed mutagenesis of the AP-1 or Ets components of this site. Consistent with the promoter and gel-shift studies, curcumin, an inhibitor of AP-1 activation, suppressed the HB-EGF mRNA induction after stretch. Stretch also specifically increased mRNA levels for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, the promoter of which contains a functional AP-1 element, but not for MMP-2, the promoter of which does not contain an AP-1 element. The stretch response of the MMP-1 gene was also completely inhibited by curcumin. Collectively, these findings indicate that AP-1-mediated transcription plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression in bladder muscle in response to mechanical forces.
Beyond JAK-2: potential targets for myeloproliferative neoplasm therapy

ABSTRACT Introduction: The outlook for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms, particularly myelofibrosis, has improved in recent years, with greater understanding of the pathogenesis and the subsequent development of a plethora of new agents. Areas covered: This article will discuss some of the advances in the field in recent years and explore in greater detail some of the most advanced emerging agents as well as those with greatest potential. An extensive literature review has been performed to identify recent clinical trials and any relevant pre-clinical work. Expert commentary: Important discoveries regarding molecular pathogenesis have led to advances in diagnostic algorithms, prognosis and ultimately also treatment strategies. However, the therapeutic armamentarium for MPN is still largely inadequate to cope with significant challenges including normalization of life span, reduction of cardiovascular complications, prevention of hematological progression and improved quality of life. Sadly, no currently available drugs have shown clear evidence of disease-modifying activity and results of early phase I and II clinical trials have been quite disappointing to date, with toxicities sometimes limiting and a lack of meaningful biological surrogate end points.
Multifunctional fluorescent titania nanoparticles: green preparation and applications as antibacterial and cancer theranostic agents

Abstract Theranostic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention in recently revolutionized medicine. Since the last decade, there has been a growing attempt to design various theranostic nanoparticles but difficulties still exist in the fabrication of their biocompatible one. Herein, fluorescent titania nanoparticles (FTN) were fabricated using a one-step green method. This FTN had ultra-high doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) loading capacity (encapsulation efficiency 95.50% and loading content 38.20%) that release the loaded drug in response to acidic pH. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments on human osteosarcoma (SaOs-2) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines revealed superior anticancer efficacy (lowered the IC50 concentration by 3- and 5.5-fold for SaOs-2 and MCF-7 cells, respectively) and also better imaging for intracellular tracking of DOX/FTN relative to free DOX. Furthermore, the prepared nanoparticles showed efficient antibacterial activity against both gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922) and gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923) bacteria. In this study, we have developed novel theranostic titania nanoparticles with inherent fluorescence property for cancer imaging and therapy. Graphical Abstract
Magic-state distillation with low overhead

We propose a new family of error detecting stabilizer codes with an encoding rate 1/3 that permit a transversal implementation of the pi/8-rotation $T$ on all logical qubits. The new codes are used to construct protocols for distilling high-quality `magic' states $T|+>$ by Clifford group gates and Pauli measurements. The distillation overhead has a poly-logarithmic scaling as a function of the output accuracy, where the degree of the polynomial is $\log_2{3}\approx 1.6$. To construct the desired family of codes, we introduce the notion of a triorthogonal matrix --- a binary matrix in which any pair and any triple of rows have even overlap. Any triorthogonal matrix gives rise to a stabilizer code with a transversal $T$-gate on all logical qubits, possibly augmented by Clifford gates. A powerful numerical method for generating triorthogonal matrices is proposed. Our techniques lead to a two-fold overhead reduction for distilling magic states with output accuracy $10^{-12}$ compared with the best previously known protocol.
Cadherin interplay during neural crest segregation from the non‐neural ectoderm and neural tube in the early chick embryo

Background: In the avian embryo, neural crest (NC) progenitors arise in the neuroectoderm during gastrulation, long before their dissemination. Although the gene regulatory network involved in NC specification has been deciphered, the mechanisms involved in their segregation from the other neuroectoderm‐derived progenitors, notably the epidermis and neural tube, are unknown. Because cadherins mediate cell recognition and sorting, we scrutinized their expression profiles during NC specification and delamination. Results: We found that the NC territory is defined precociously by the robust expression of Cadherin‐6B in cells initially scattered among other cells uniformly expressing E‐cadherin, and that NC progenitors are progressively sorted and regrouped into a discrete domain between the prospective epidermis and neural tube. At completion of NC specification, the epidermis, NC, and neural tube are fully segregated in contiguous compartments characterized by distinct cadherin repertoires. We also found that Cadherin‐6B down‐regulation constitutes a major event during NC delamination and that, with the exception of the caudal part of the embryo, N‐cadherin is unlikely to control NC emigration. Conclusions: Our results indicate that partition of the neuroectoderm is mediated by cadherin interplays and ascribes a key role to Cadherin‐6B in the specification and delamination of the NC population. Developmental Dynamics 246:550–565, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conservative management and health-related quality of life in end-stage renal disease: a systematic review.

PURPOSE Few studies have addressed health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients who chose conservative management over dialysis. This systematic review aims to better define the role of conservative management in improving health-related QoL in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). METHODS Medline, Cochrane and EMBASE were searched for prospective or retrospective studies published until June 30, 2016, that examined QoL of ESRD patients. The primary outcome was health-related QoL. RESULTS Four studies were included (405 patients received dialysis and 332 received conservative management). Two studies that used the Short Form-36 Survey (SF-36) showed that the dialysis group had higher physical component scores, but the conservative management group had similar, or better, mental component scores at the end of intervention. Another study using the SF-36 showed that the physical and mental component scores of the dialysis group did not significantly change after intervention. In the conservative management group, the physical component scores did not change, but the mental component scores increased significantly over time (0.12 ± 0.32, p < 0.05). One study, which used the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form (KD QoL-SF), found no change after intervention in either physical or mental component scores in the dialysis group; however, the physical component score declined (p = 0.047) and the mental component score increased (p = 0.033) in the conservative management group. CONCLUSION Although there are only a limited number of published articles, ESRD patients who receive conservative management may have improved mental health-related QoL when compared with those who receive dialysis.
A Review on Applications of Soft Magnetic Composite Materials in Electrical Machines

Soft magnetic composite(SMC) material is a new material by powder metallurgy technique.The major advantages of the materials include isotropic magnetic,low eddy current loss and complex shapes in a single step.It is suitable for the core of electrical machines,especially under medium and higher frequency.The characters of the materials is introduced,and then the application of SMC materials in electrical machines are reviewed are reviewed.Both successful experiences and existing difficulties are discussed finally.
Comparing methods of misclassification correction for studies of adolescent alcohol use

ABSTRACT Background: Despite concerns over measurement error, self-report continues to be the most common measure of adolescent alcohol use used by researchers. Objective measures of adolescent alcohol use continue to advance; however, they tend to be cost prohibitive for larger studies. By combining appropriate statistical techniques and validation subsamples, the benefits of objective alcohol measures can be made more accessible to a greater number of researchers. Objectives: To compare three easily implemented methods to correct for measurement error when objective measures of alcohol use are available for a subsample of participants, regression calibration, multiple imputation for measurement error (MIME), and probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA), and provide guidance regarding the use of each method in scenarios likely to occur in practice. Methods: This simulation experiment compared the performance of each method across different sample sizes, both differential and non-differential error, and differing levels of sensitivity and specificity of the exposure measure. Results: Failure to adjust for measurement error led to substantial bias across all simulated scenarios ranging from a 35% to 208% change in the log-odds. For non-differential misclassification, regression calibration reduced this bias to between a 1% and 23% change in the log-odds regardless of sample size. At higher sample sizes, MIME produced approximately unbiased (between a 0% and 9% change in the log-odds) and relatively efficient corrections for both non-differential and differential misclassification. PSA provided little utility for correcting misclassification due to the inefficiency of its estimates. Conclusion: Concern over measurement error resulting from self-reported adolescent alcohol use persists in research. Where appropriate, methods involving validity subsamples provide an efficient avenue for addressing these concerns.
Inference Attack on Browsing History of Twitter Users Using Public Click Analytics and Twitter Metadata

Twitter is a popular online social network service for sharing short messages (tweets) among friends. Its users frequently use URL shortening services that provide (i) a short alias of a long URL for sharing it via tweets and (ii) public click analytics of shortened URLs. The public click analytics is provided in an aggregated form to preserve the privacy of individual users. In this paper, we propose practical attack techniques inferring who clicks which shortened URLs on Twitter using the combination of public information: Twitter metadata and public click analytics. Unlike the conventional browser history stealing attacks, our attacks only demand publicly available information provided by Twitter and URL shortening services. Evaluation results show that our attack can compromise Twitter users' privacy with high accuracy.
Characterization of mechanical properties of bulk lead-free solders

The drive to reduce the level of use of hazardous materials such as lead has led to the development of many types of lead-free solder material. In this work, one of the most fundamental mechanical properties-tensile behavior-of tin-based bulk alloys used for lead-free solder has been studied. Tensile exposure under various conditions of temperatures and strain rates were carried out on Sn-3.5Ag, Sn-3.4Ag-4.8Bi, Sn-0.7Cu, Sn4.0Ag-0.5Cu and Sn-37Pb bulk samples. Evaluation of the test results shows that generally these tin-based lead-free materials have better ultimate tensile strengths than Sn-37Pb, except Sn-0.7Cu, although in some cases this is not necessarily a disadvantage. Sn-3.4Ag-4.8Bi shows the best strength among the alloys due to the solid solution strengthening of fine bismuth particles from room temperature to 150/spl deg/C. The effect of strain rate has also played an important role in the behavior of tensile strength; a trend for strain hardening to decrease with increasing the strain rate is clearly seen.
Pediatric T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

The most common pediatric malignancy is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), of which T‐cell ALL (T‐ALL) comprises 10–15% of cases. T‐ALL arises in the thymus from an immature thymocyte as a consequence of a stepwise accumulation of genetic and epigenetic aberrations. Crucial biological processes, such as differentiation, self‐renewal capacity, proliferation, and apoptosis, are targeted and deranged by several types of neoplasia‐associated genetic alteration, for example, translocations, deletions, and mutations of genes that code for proteins involved in signaling transduction, epigenetic regulation, and transcription. Epigenetically, T‐ALL is characterized by gene expression changes caused by hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes, histone modifications, and miRNA and lncRNA abnormalities. Although some genetic and gene expression patterns have been associated with certain clinical features, such as immunophenotypic subtype and outcome, none has of yet generally been implemented in clinical routine for treatment decisions. The recent advent of massive parallel sequencing technologies has dramatically increased our knowledge of the genetic blueprint of T‐ALL, revealing numerous fusion genes as well as novel gene mutations. The challenges now are to integrate all genetic and epigenetic data into a coherent understanding of the pathogenesis of T‐ALL and to translate the wealth of information gained in the last few years into clinical use in the form of improved risk stratification and targeted therapies. Here, we provide an overview of pediatric T‐ALL with an emphasis on the acquired genetic alterations that result in this disease. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Space Exploration using Parallel Orbits: a Study in Parallel Symbolic Computing

Orbit enumerations represent an important class of mathematical algorithms which is widely used in computational discrete mathematics. In this paper, we present a new shared-memory implementation of a generic Orbit skeleton in the GAP computer algebra system [5,6]. By defining a skeleton, we are easily able to capture a wide variety of concrete Orbit enumerations that can exploit the same underlying parallel implementation. We also propose a generic cost model for predicting the speedups that our Orbit skeleton will deliver for a given application on a given parallel system. We demonstrate the scalability of our implementation on a 64-core shared-memory machine. Our results show that we are able to obtain good speedups over sequential GAP programs (up to 36 on 64 cores).
Self-Monitoring of Emotions and Mood Using a Tangible Approach

Nowadays Personal Informatics (PI) devices are used for sensing and saving personal data, everywhere and at any time, helping people improve their lives by highlighting areas of good and bad performances and providing a general awareness of different levels of conduct. However, not all these data are suitable to be automatically collected. This is especially true for emotions and mood. Moreover, users without experience in self-tracking may have a misperception of PI applications’ limits and potentialities. We believe that current PI tools are not designed with enough understanding of such users’ needs, desires, and problems they may encounter in their everyday lives. We designed and prototype the Mood TUI (Tangible User Interface), a PI tool that supports the self-reporting of mood data using a tangible interface. The platform is able to gather six different mood states and it was tested through several participatory design sessions in a secondary/high school. The solution proposed allows gathering mood values in an amusing, simple, and appealing way. Users appreciated the prototypes, suggesting several possible improvements as well as ideas on how to use the prototype in similar or totally different contexts, and giving us hints for future research.
First report on free and covalently bound microcystins in fish and bivalves from Vietnam: Assessment of risks to humans

The free and covalently bound microcystins (MCs) in 3 fish and 2 bivalves from the Dau Tieng Reservoir in Vietnam were investigated for the first time in the present study. The results showed that all species were contaminated with MCs. Our findings indicate that eating the muscle of fish from the Dau Tieng Reservoir is safe but that eating the bivalves is not safe during toxic cyanobacterial bloom episodes. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2953–2957. © 2017 SETAC