Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responses to the Statements of New General Self-Efficacy Scale: The Case of the Arabic–English Bilingual Speaker

General Self-Efficacy (GSE) scales are used to measure the extent to which individuals possess a general sense of mastery that is not tied to a specific situation or behavior. The present field experiment assesses whether the language in which a GSE scale is written can prime cultural mind-sets and, thus, shape participants’ appraisal of their own self-efficacy. Arabic–English bilingual speakers completed the New General Self-Efficacy (NGSE) scale and a questionnaire to measure their emotional reactions to each of the statements of the scale. Across all participants, Arabic yielded lower self-efficacy appraisals than English. Furthermore, in Arabic, both males’ and females’ reports of positive emotions decreased as self-efficacy estimates increased, whereas in English, females’ reports of positive emotions rose with self-efficacy estimates. These results support the notion that self-appraisal of mastery can be modulated by one’s cultural mind-set.
The dispersion of age differences between partners and the asymptotic dynamics of the HIV epidemic

In this paper, the effect of a change in the distribution of age differences between sexual partners on the dynamics of the HIV epidemic is studied. In a gender- and age-structured compartmental model, it is shown that if the variance of the distribution is small enough, an increase in this variance strongly increases the basic reproduction number. Moreover, if the variance is large enough, the mean age difference barely affects the basic reproduction number. We, therefore, conclude that the local stability of the disease-free equilibrium relies more on the variance than on the mean.
Stereo camera calibration with an embedded calibration device and scene features

In this paper, a new stereo camera calibration technique that can realize automatic strong calibration is proposed. In order to achieve online camera calibration, an object covered with chess-board patterns, called embedded calibration device, is placed inside the cavity of the stereovision system. We estimate the structural configuration of the embedded calibration device, i.e. the 3D positions of all the grid points on the device, to calibrate the cameras. Since the device is close to the stereo camera, the calibration results are usually not valid for the volume around the object in the scene. Therefore we present a correction approach combining the embedded calibration and scene features to make the calibration valid in the scene. Experimental results demonstrate that our system performs robust and accurate, and is very applicable in unmanned systems.
Behavioral similarity matching using concrete source code templates in logic queries

Program query languages and pattern-detection techniques are an essential part of program analysis and manipulation systems. Queries and patterns permit the identification of the parts of interest in a program's implementation through a representation dedicated to the intent of the system (e.g. call-graphs to detect behavioral flaws, abstract syntax trees for transformations, concrete source code to verify programming conventions, etc). This requires that developers understand and manage all the different representations and techniques in order to detect various patterns of interest. To alleviate this overhead, we present a logic-based language that allows the program's implementation to be queried using concrete source code templates. The queries are matched against a combination of structural and behavioral program representations, including call-graphs, points-to analysis results and abstract syntax trees. The result of our approach is that developers can detect patterns in the queried program using source code excerpts (embedded in logic queries) which act as prototypical samples of the structure and behavior they intend to match.
$\rm{SL}_2$-orbits and degenerations of mixed Hodge structure

We prove an analog of Schmid's $\text{\rm SL}_2$-orbit theorem for a class of variations of mixed Hodge structure which includes logarithmic deformations, degenerations of 1-motives and archimedean heights. In particular, as consequence this theorem, we obtain a simple formula for the asymptotic behavior of the archimedean height of a flat family of algebraic cycles which depends only on the weight filtration and local monodromy.
The Timecourse of Phonological Competition in Spoken Word Recognition: A Comparison of Adults and Very Young Children

Spoken word recognition (SWR) is the mapping of speech sounds to words from many potential candidates in one’s lexicon. In adults, words that are phonetically similar, of high frequency, or semantically related compete for recognition. An ongoing debate in the literature is whether or not very young children encode spoken words with fine-grained temporal and phonetic detail. Specifically, whether they represent words wholistically or as smaller phonetic units similar to that of adults. The adult literature demonstrates that words that are phonetically similar at onset (cohorts) and offset (rhymes) compete for recognition. As it happens, rhymes have the potential to distinguish between developmental theories; some (wholistic-emergent) propose that children's early representations lack phonetic and temporal detail, and therefore global similarity should be the primary determinant of lexical competition, while other theories (accessibility) propose that rhyme competition should not emerge until after the onset of literacy acquisition (due either directly to phonological reorganization spurred by learning to read, or coincidental maturation). This study compared phonological competition effects of cohort and rhymes compared to unrelated words using a simplified visual world paradigm task. Typically developing preschool children (n = 23), ages 3-4, and college students (n = 22), ages 18-22, were presented with two pictures and followed a spoken instruction to click on one of them (e.g., "click on the doll"). Picture labels matched either onset (bat-bath), or offset (keys-bees), or were phonologically unrelated (bear-pants). Words were divided evenly between monosyllabic and bisyllabic words. Participants' eye movements were recorded as they followed the verbal instruction. Children were generally slower than adults at processing spoken words but showed competition patterns similar to those seen in adults. Both adults and children showed weaker rhyme effects and stronger cohort effects for monosyllabic words. These findings suggest that
What do we know about public e-services customers?: results of a pilot study in St.-Petersburg

The paper presents the results of a preliminary pilot study on the public services customers in St. Petersburg with the focus on their attitudes towards the public e-services. The paper reveals main factors, influencing the intention of customers to use public services portal. The research allowed to distinguish four groups of customers and to suggest several recommendations to public authorities aiming at e-services' take-up improvement.
Intermittent Redesign of Analog Controllers via the Youla Parameter

The paper studies digital redesign of linear time-invariant analog controllers under intermittent sampling. The sampling pattern is only assumed to be uniformly bounded, but otherwise irregular and unknown <italic>a priori</italic>. The contribution of the paper is twofold. First, it proposes a constructive algorithm to redesign any analog stabilizing controller so that the closed-loop stability is preserved. Second, it is shown that when applied to (sub) optimal <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol{H}^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\boldsymbol{H}^{\infty}$</tex-math></inline-formula> controllers, the algorithm produces (sub) optimal sampled-data solutions under any a priori unknown sampling pattern. The proposed solutions are analytic, computationally simple, implementable, and transparent. Transparency pays off in showing the optimality, under a fixed sampling density, of uniform sampling for both performance measures studied.
Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: computerized anatomic study of relashionship between septal and free left ventricle wall

Introduction A feature of dilated cardiomyopathy is the deformation of ventricular cavity, which contributes to systolic dysfunction. Few studies have evaluated this deformation bearing in mind ventricular regions and segments of the ventricle, which could reveal important details of the remodeling process, supporting a better understanding of its role in functional impairment and the development of new therapeutic strategies. Objective To evaluate if, in basal, equatorial and apical regions, increased internal transverse perimeter of left ventricle in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy occurs proportionally between the septal and non-septal segment. Methods We performed an anatomical study with 28 adult hearts from human cadavers. One group consisted of 18 hearts with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and another group with 10 normal hearts. After lamination and left ventricle digital image capture, in three different regions (base, equator and apex), the transversal internal perimeter of left ventricle was divided into two segments: septal and not septal. These segments were measured by proper software. It was established an index of proportionality between these segments, called septal and non-septal segment index. Then we determined whether this index was the same in both groups. Results Among patients with normal hearts and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, the index of proportionality between the two segments (septal and non-septal) showed no significant difference in the three regions analyzed. The comparison results of the indices NSS/SS among normal and enlarged hearts were respectively: in base 1.99 versus 1.86 (P=0.46), in equator 2.22 versus 2.18 (P=0.79) and in apex 2.96 versus 3.56 (P=0.11). Conclusion In the idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, the transversal dilatation of left ventricular internal perimeter occurs proportionally between the segments corresponding to the septum and free wall at the basal, equatorial and apical regions of this chamber.
QoS-Adaptive Bandwidth Allocation Scheme Based on Measurement Report Real-Time Analysis

In order to ensure the quality of broadband service in cellular networks, bandwidth resources are required more and more. But the wireless bandwidth resources in a cell are limited and fixed. A QoS-adaptive bandwidth allocation scheme based on measurement report real-time analysis is presented in the paper. It makes use of the measurement report frames and normalized QoS level to maximize the weight sum of QoS. The effectiveness of the scheme is proved by simulation results.
A fish-like locomotion model in an ideal fluid with lateral-line-inspired background flow estimation

Considerable evidence suggests that the lateral line system serves an important role in fish-like locomotion by providing hydrodynamic information about the surrounding fluid. In this paper, a fish-like locomotion model is developed in an ideal fluid with a background flow estimation algorithm inspired by the lateral line system. Specifically, the fish model is geometrically formulated with the Joukowski transformation and is dynamically defined as a deformable solid body. Describing the fluid-body interactions is a hydrodynamic model that incorporates the potential flow theory with a shedding mechanism of discrete vortices. With the hydrodynamic information on the boundary of the fish-like profile, the background flow field can be estimated with a modified vortex panel method. Base on the estimation, the control decision can potentially be adjusted accordingly, which may improve the swimming performance. Furthermore, in the profile model, body segments are defined such that the internal forces can be easily obtained for quantitative efficiency evaluation.
Hamilton Circuit-Based Algorithm for Improving Coverage of Hybrid Sensor Network

Hybrid sensor network (HSN) is composed of a set of static and mobile sensor nodes. Besides the capabilities of sensing, computing and communicating like static nodes, mobile nodes have locomotion capability particularly. Area coverage is one of the most fundamental metrics for hybrid sensor network because it is crucial to the quality of monitoring. In order to improve the network coverage, we employ the mobility of mobile nodes to compensate for the uneven deployment of static sensors. In this paper we propose a 3-phase algorithm based on Hamilton Circuit. Conducted simulation shows that the algorithm can improve coverage performance with less energy conservation. Experimental results verify the feasibility and validity of the algorithm proposed.
Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy compared with surgery for hypertrophic long-bone nonunions.

BACKGROUND The authors of several studies have recommended extracorporeal shock-wave therapy as an alternative to surgical treatment for long-bone nonunions. This study was performed to compare the results of extracorporeal shock-wave therapy produced by two different devices with those of surgical treatment in the management of long-bone nonunions. METHODS One hundred and twenty-six patients with a long-bone nonunion were randomly assigned to receive either extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (Groups 1 and 2) or surgical treatment (Group 3). The patients in the shock-wave groups received four treatments with 4000 impulses of shock waves with an energy flux density of 0.40 mJ/mm(2) (Group 1) or 0.70 mJ/mm(2) (Group 2). The patients in the three groups had similar demographic characteristics, durations of nonunion, and durations of follow-up. Radiographic results (the primary outcome) and clinical results (the secondary outcomes) were determined before and three, six, twelve, and twenty-four months after treatment. RESULTS The radiographic findings did not differ among the three groups of patients. At six months, 70% of the nonunions in Group 1, 71% of the nonunions in Group 2, and 73% of the nonunions in Group 3 had healed. Three and six months after treatment, the clinical outcomes in the two shock-wave groups were significantly better than those in the surgical group (p < 0.001). However, at both twelve and twenty-four months after treatment, there were no differences among the three groups, with the exception of the DASH score, which differed significantly between Groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.038) and between Groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.021) at twelve months. CONCLUSIONS Extracorporeal shock-wave therapy is as effective as surgery in stimulating union of long-bone hypertrophic nonunions and yields better short-term clinical outcomes.
Lossless coding of hyperspectral images with principal polynomial analysis

The transform in image coding aims to remove redundancy among data coefficients so that they can be independently coded, and to capture most of the image information in few coefficients. While the second goal ensures that discarding coefficients will not lead to large errors, the first goal ensures that simple (point-wise) coding schemes can be applied to the retained coefficients with optimal results. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) provides the best independence and data compaction for Gaussian sources. Yet, non-linear generalizations of PCA may provide better performance for more realistic non-Gaussian sources. Principal Polynomial Analysis (PPA) generalizes PCA by removing the non-linear relations among components using regression, and was analytically proved to perform better than PCA in dimensionality reduction. We explore here the suitability of reversible PPA for lossless compression of hyperspectral images. We found that reversible PPA performs worse than PCA due to the high impact of the rounding operation errors and to the amount of side information. We then propose two generalizations: Backwards PPA, where polynomial estimations are performed in reverse order, and Double-Sided PPA, where more than a single dimension is used in the predictions. Both yield better coding performance than canonical PPA and are comparable to PCA.
Out-of-Pocket expenditure for depression among patients attending private community psychiatric clinics in Pakistan.

BACKGROUND Depression is a serious public health problem in Pakistan because of the disabilities it causes and the cost burden for the family. About 6% of the Pakistani population suffers from this illness and approximately 50% ofthose affected seek treatment. The health budget of the country is very low, average per capita income is 430 US dollars and 35% of the population falls below the poverty line. It follows that depression puts a heavy economic burden on its sufferers. AIM The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden on patients suffering from depression who were attending community psychiatry clinics. METHODS This is a prevalence-based analysis of mental health care expenditure in a sample of 200 patients with an ICD-X diagnosis of depression. The patients attended four private community clinics, run on a once-a-week basis, with all care paid for by the patients out of pocket. A questionnaire was designed with a view to gathering information on out-of-pocket treatment and travel expenditures. The data was subjected to SPSS analysis. RESULTS Among the subjects enrolled in the study (n=200), 85% were spending over Rs. 3,133 (51.40 US dollars) per month as general expenses on health. Sixty-five percent of the subjects were earning below Rs. 5,000 ( 86.00 US dollars). The majority used the public bus for transportation, costing the family Rs. 83 (1.40 US dollars) per trip. Laboratory investigation costs were negligible as there is a lesser emphasis on lab tests in psychiatry. DISCUSSION The high cost of depression keeps a vast majority of the population away from ongoing treatment, which contributes to the misery of the illness and the associated loss of productivity. The national budget is very low, the average income for the majority is far from satisfactory, and though partial support from charitable organizations, public sector hospitals, insurance cover and medical facilities is available, the majority of needs are unmet. It is essential to increase the health budget and enhance efforts toward preventive strategies. Further research on health economics is needed along with an appropriate government database.
The influence of transition speed on event outcomes in a high performance football team

Research has suggested that fast counter-attacks (transitions) in Football influence the number of positive attacking outcomes. However, very few studies have analysed the transition as a whole and so the determinants of transition speed and how it is affected by other variables remains undefined. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between transition speed, the various aspects that define a transition (e.g. passing characteristics, position on the field, etc.) and positive/non-positive outcomes during high level Football matches. Analysis was based on recording every transition during 27 Football matches played by a successful team during the 2009/2010 Hyundai A-League season (n=1105). Transition outcomes were assigned as either positive (Shot, Penalty, and Free kick), or non-positive (Tackled, Passed Out, Passed Back to GK, Offside, and Pass Intercepted). Significant differences were found between transition speed and transition starting field position (p < .001), pass sequence length (p < .001), and number of players involved (p < .001). No significant differences were found between mean transition speeds of positive and non-positive outcomes (p = .133). These results established that positive and non-positive outcomes occurred irrespective of how fast the team transitioned. However, performance indicators that formed part of the build-up play significantly affected transition speed and transition outcomes.
Genre and mood classification using lyric features

Musical genre and mood classification techniques combining lyric and audio features for Music Information Retrieval (MIR) have been studied widely in recent years. This paper investigates the performances of musical genre and mood classification using only lyric features. In this preliminary study, the Part-of-Speech (POS) feature is utilizes for classification of a collection of 600 songs. Ten musical genre and mood categories were selected respectively based on a summary from the literature. Experiments show that classification accuracies for mood categories outperform genres.
Emotional Labor, Role Characteristics, and Police Officer Burnout in South Korea: The Mediating Effect of Emotional Dissonance

This study examines the extent to which emotional labor and role stressors (such as role conflict and ambiguity) required of police officers contribute to police officer burnout. In particular, it is hypothesized that these aspects of police work cause officers to experience emotional dissonance, thereby leading to burnout. To test these hypotheses, we conduct mediation analyses using survey data from 466 police officers in Seoul, South Korea. Overall, emotional labor, role stressors, and emotional dissonance are related to greater police officer burnout. In addition, there were several significant indirect effects between emotional labor, role stressors, and burnout, via emotional dissonance.
Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Infrared-Luminous Galaxies with Subarcsecond Resolution

Low spectral resolution (Δλ/λ ∼ 50) mid-infrared observations with high angular resolution (0.″3–0.″5) using the Long Wavelength Spectrometer on the Keck I Telescope are reported of the nuclei of five highly luminous infrared-bright galaxies. Spectra of eight distinct nuclei, ranging in luminosity from ∼1011 to more than 1012 L⊙ have been obtained. Four of the nuclei show the characteristic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features, i.e., 11.3 μm emission, as well as the 8.6 μm shoulder of the 7.7 μm band. The other nuclei show either weak PAH emission bands or no evidence for these bands. The high spatial resolution of the observations reveals extended emission in the 11.3 μm PAH band associated with several of the compact nuclear sources. When proper account is taken of the diffuse PAH emission, most of the compact sources show little or no directly associated PAH emission. The diffuse PAH emission is extended over spatial scales of 100–500 pc; its presence shows that there is significant circumnuclear UV–optical emission exciting the aromatic bands, most likely associated with circumnuclear starbursts. After the spectra of the nuclear sources are corrected for the spectrum of the diffuse PAH emission, the peak apparent silicate optical depth at 9.7 μm can be as large as 15, corresponding to more than 150 mag of visible light extinction. Because of the large silicate optical depths, mid-infrared spectra are not probing the nature of the true nuclei in the most opaque compact sources.