Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of stroke volume variations obtained with the pressure recording analytic method*

Objective:To investigate whether stroke volume variations obtained with the pressure recording analytic method can predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with circulatory failure. Design:Prospective study. Setting:Surgical intensive care unit of a university hospital. Patients:Thirty-five mechanically ventilated patients with circulatory failure for whom the decision to give fluid was taken by the physician were included. Exclusion criteria were: Arrhythmia, tidal volume <8 mL/kg, left ventricular ejection fraction<50%, right ventricular dysfunction, and heart rate/respiratory rate ratio <3.6. Interventions:Fluid challenge with 500 mL of saline over 15 mins. Measurements and Main Results:Stroke volume variations and cardiac output obtained with a pressure recording analytic method, pulse pressure variations, and cardiac output estimated by echocardiography were recorded before and after volume expansion. Patients were defined as responders if stroke volume obtained using echocardiography increased by ≥15% after volume expansion. Nineteen patients responded to the fluid challenge. Median [interquartile range, 25% to 75%] stroke volume variation values at baseline were not different in responders and nonresponders (10% [8–16] vs. 14% [12–16]), whereas pulse pressure variations were significantly higher in responders (17% [13–19] vs. 7% [5–10]; p < .0001). A 12.6% stroke volume variations threshold discriminated between responders and nonresponders with a sensitivity of 63% (95% confidence interval 38% to 84%) and a specificity of 69% (95% confidence interval 41% to 89%). A 10% pulse pressure variation threshold discriminated between responders and nonresponders with a sensitivity of 89% (95% confidence interval 67% to 99%) and a specificity of 88% (95% confidence interval 62% to 98%). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves was different between pulse pressure variations (0.95; 95% confidence interval 0.82–0.99) and stroke volume variations (0.60; 95% confidence interval 0.43–0.76); p < . 0001). Volume expansion-induced changes in cardiac output measured using echocardiography or pressure recording analytic method were not correlated (r2 = 0.14; p > .05) and the concordance rate of the direction of change in cardiac output was 60%. Conclusion:Stroke volume variations obtained with a pressure recording analytic method cannot predict fluid responsiveness in intensive care unit patients under mechanical ventilation. Cardiac output measured by this device is not able to track changes in cardiac output induced by volume expansion. (Crit Care Med 2012; 40:–1191)
Regulation of a transcription factor network by Cdk1 coordinates late cell cycle gene expression

To maintain genome stability, regulators of chromosome segregation must be expressed in coordination with mitotic events. Expression of these late cell cycle genes is regulated by cyclin‐dependent kinase (Cdk1), which phosphorylates a network of conserved transcription factors (TFs). However, the effects of Cdk1 phosphorylation on many key TFs are not known. We find that elimination of Cdk1‐mediated phosphorylation of four S‐phase TFs decreases expression of many late cell cycle genes, delays mitotic progression, and reduces fitness in budding yeast. Blocking phosphorylation impairs degradation of all four TFs. Consequently, phosphorylation‐deficient mutants of the repressors Yox1 and Yhp1 exhibit increased promoter occupancy and decreased expression of their target genes. Interestingly, although phosphorylation of the transcriptional activator Hcm1 on its N‐terminus promotes its degradation, phosphorylation on its C‐terminus is required for its activity, indicating that Cdk1 both activates and inhibits a single TF. We conclude that Cdk1 promotes gene expression by both activating transcriptional activators and inactivating transcriptional repressors. Furthermore, our data suggest that coordinated regulation of the TF network by Cdk1 is necessary for faithful cell division.
PATHOS: Pervasive at Home Sleep Monitoring

Sleeping disorders affect a large percentage of the population, and many of them go undiagnosed each year because the method of diagnosis is to stay overnight at a sleep center. Because pervasive technologies have become so prevalent and affordable, sleep monitoring is no longer confined to a permanent installation, and can therefore be brought directly into the user home. We present a unique solution to the problem of home sleep monitoring that has the possibility to take the place of and expand on the data from a sleep center. PATHOS focuses not only on analyzing patterns during the night, but also on collecting data about the subject lifestyle that is relevant and important to the diagnosis of his/her sleep. PATHOS means “evoking emotion. ” Here, we mean Pathos will help us to keep healthy: both mentally and physically. Our solution uses existing technology to keep down cost and is completely wireless in order to provide portability and be easily to customize. The daytime collection also utilizes existing technology and offers a wide range of input methods to suit any type of person. We also include an in-depth look at the hardware we used to implement and the software providing user interaction. Our system is not only a viable alternative to a sleep center, it also provides functions that a static, short-term solution cannot provide, allowing for a more accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Uncovering Viral Protein-Protein Interactions and their Role in Arenavirus Life Cycle

The Arenaviridae family includes widely distributed pathogens that cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. Replication and packaging of their single-stranded RNA genome involve RNA recognition by viral proteins and a number of key protein-protein interactions. Viral RNA synthesis is directed by the virus-encoded RNA dependent-RNA polymerase (L protein) and requires viral RNA encapsidation by the Nucleoprotein. In addition to the role that the interaction between L and the Nucleoprotein may have in the replication process, polymerase activity appears to be modulated by the association between L and the small multifunctional Z protein. Z is also a structural component of the virions that plays an essential role in viral morphogenesis. Indeed, interaction of the Z protein with the Nucleoprotein is critical for genome packaging. Furthermore, current evidence suggests that binding between Z and the viral envelope glycoprotein complex is required for virion infectivity, and that Z homo-oligomerization is an essential step for particle assembly and budding. Efforts to understand the molecular basis of arenavirus life cycle have revealed important details on these viral protein-protein interactions that will be reviewed in this article.
Cross-system adaptation and combination for continuous speech recognition: the influence of phoneme set and acoustic front-end

Abstract Cross-system adaptation and system combination methods,such as ROVER and confusion network combination, areknown to lower the word error rate of speech recognitionsystems. They require the training of systems that are rea-sonably close in performance but at the same time produceoutput that differs in its errors. This provides complemen-taryinformationwhichleadstoperformanceimprovements.In this paper we demonstrate the gains we have seen withcross-systemadaptationandsystemcombinationontheEn-glish EPPS and RT0-05S lecture meeting task. We obtainedthe necessary varying systems by using different acous-tic front-ends and phoneme sets on which our models arebased. Inasetofcontrastiveexperimentsweshowtheinﬂu-ence that the exchange of the components has on adaptationand system combination.Index Terms: automatic speech recognition, system com-bination, cross adaptation, EPPS, RT-05S. 1. Introduction In state-of-the-art speech recognition systems it is commonpractice to use multi-pass systems with adaptation of theacoustic model in-between passes. The adaptation aims atbetter ﬁtting the system to the speakers and/or acoustic en-vironmentsfoundinthetestdata. Itisusuallyperformedona by-speaker basis, obtained either from manual speaker la-bels or automatic clustering methods. Common adaptationmethods try to transform either the models used in a systemor the features to which the models are applied.Three adaptation methods that can be found in manystate-of-the-art systems are Maximum Likelihood LinearRegression (MLLR) [1], a model transformation, Vo-cal Tract Length Normalization (VTLN) [2] and feature-space constrained MLLR (fMLLR) [3], two feature-transformation methods. Adaptation is performed in an un-supervisedmanner,suchthattheerror-pronehypothesesob-tainedfromthepreviousdecodingpassaretakenasthenec-essary reference for adaptation. Generally, the word errorrates of the hypotheses obtained from the adapted systemsarelowerthanthoseforhypothesesonwhichtheadaptationwas performed. This sequences of adaption and decodingmake it possible to incrementally improve the performanceof the recognition system. Unfortunately, this loop of adap-tation and decoding does not always lead to signiﬁcant im-provements. Often, after two or three stages of adapting asystem on its own output, no more gains can be obtained.This problem can be overcome by adapting a system
Growth in infancy and bone mass in later life

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between weight in infancy and bone mass during the seventh decade of life in a population based cohort for which detailed birth and childhood records were preserved. METHODS 189 women and 224 men who were aged 63-73 years and were born in East Hertfordshire underwent bone densitometry by dual energy x ray absorptiometry. Measurements were also made of serum osteocalcin and urinary excretion of type 1 collagen cross linked N-telopeptide. RESULTS There were statistically significant associations between weight at 1 year and bone mineral content (but not bone mineral density) at the spine (P < 0.02) and femoral neck (P < 0.01) among women, and spine (P < 0.03) among men. Although serum osteocalcin was negatively correlated with bone mineral density at both sites among men and women, infant weight was not significantly associated with either biochemical marker of bone turnover. CONCLUSIONS These data confirm our previous observations that growth in infancy is associated with skeletal size in adulthood, and suggest that skeletal growth may be programmed during intrauterine or early postnatal life.
Experimental Research on Properties of Low-Density Foaming Concrete

Low-density foam concrete is inorganic material that can replace traditional organic materials for external wall insulation system. Based on the analysis of structure formation mechanism of foam concrete prepared with chemical method, investigation by a large number of comparative tests and quantitative analysis, quantitative relationship of compressive strength and fly ash dosage on 3d, 7d and 28d foam concrete specimens are analyzed. This investigation examined effect of CaO, blowing agent, fly ash that mixed into admixture concerning strength of low –density foam concrete. Results indicate that CaO, blowing agent, fly ash significantly affecting compressive strength ,density, thermal conductivity of low-density foam concrete. Especially, CaO, blowing agent and water play an important role in manufacturing operation of low-density foam concrete. Moreover, experimental results show that compressive strength of each group is more and smaller with the increase of the curing time. This phenomenon is different from common cement specimens and is disadvantage to engineering.
The Ironic Effect of Source Identificationon the Perceived Credibility of Online Product Reviewers

This study posits that sources of online product reviews can induce differential effects on 2 dimensions of source credibility, perceived expertise and perceived trustworthiness. Study 1 shows that experts are perceived as having more expert knowledge, but at the same time as having less trustworthiness than laypersons, and vice versa. These opposing credibility evaluations suppress the effect of online source identification on readers' attitudes toward online product reviews. Study 2 finds that these opposing credibility assessments only emerge when the expert status of the source is based on self-claims. When the expert status of the online source is based on peer ratings, the source is assessed as having both expertise and trustworthiness. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phytochemicals and Their Potential Usefulness in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract with unclear etiology, namely ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Various drug therapies including aminosalicylates and immunomodulators have been approved for use; they have shown to produce diverse side effects. To overcome these limitations of the current therapeutics for IBD, extensive research is underway to identify drugs that are effective and free of undesirable side effects. Recently, various naturally occurring phytochemicals that cover a wide range of chemical entities such as polyphenols, terpeniods, flavonoids, and alkaloids have received attention as alternative candidates for IBD therapy. These phytochemicals act by modulating the immune response, various transcription factors, or reduce cytokine secretion. This review summarizes the findings of recent studies on phytochemicals as therapeutic agents in the management of IBD. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resistance to Apo2 Ligand (Apo2L)/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)-Mediated Apoptosis and Constitutive Expression of Apo2L/TRAIL in Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1-Infected T-Cell Lines

ABSTRACT Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), a CD4+-T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is difficult to cure, and novel treatments are urgently needed. Apo2 ligand (Apo2L; also tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand [TRAIL]) has been implicated in antitumor therapy. We found that HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines and primary ATL cells were more resistant to Apo2L-induced apoptosis than uninfected cells. Interestingly, HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines and primary ATL cells constitutively expressed Apo2L mRNA. Inducible expression of the viral oncoprotein Tax in a T-cell line up-regulated Apo2L mRNA. Analysis of the Apo2L promoter revealed that this gene is activated by Tax via the activation of NF-κB. The sensitivity to Apo2L was not correlated with expression levels of Apo2L receptors, intracellular regulators of apoptosis (FLICE-inhibitory protein and active Akt). NF-κB plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and survival of ATL cells. The resistance to Apo2L-induced apoptosis was reversed by N-acetyl-l-leucinyl-l-leucinyl-l-norleucinal (LLnL), an NF-κB inhibitor. LLnL significantly induced the Apo2L receptors DR4 and DR5. Our results suggest that the constitutive activation of NF-κB is essential for Apo2L gene induction and protection against Apo2L-induced apoptosis and that suppression of NF-κB may be a useful adjunct in clinical use of Apo2L against ATL.
Service-Learners at Dementia Care Programs

Abstract Service-Learning can be a rewarding and challenging experience for students. One of the rewards for students can be the connection between their course work and real life experience. However, students interacting with populations with which they have limited prior experience face unique challenges. We developed a training program designed to facilitate comfort with older adults who have dementia for service-learners in a gerontology course who were serving at an Adult Day Services (ADS) program. Students in the course completed pre-and post-surveys assessing level of contact with older adults and attitudes on aging. Service-learners serving at the ADS comprised the treatment group (n = 5) while those serving at other S-L sites made up the control group (n = 11). Independent and paired sample t-tests indicated that the training program contributed to intra-individual and group differences in comfort working with older adults and with adults who are cognitively impaired. Differences in attitudes about older adults were also identified. Implications for adult development courses involving S-L at dementia care programs are discussed.
Teaching CS1 with karel the robot in Java

Most current Java textbooks for CS1 (and thus most current courses) begin either with fundamentals from the procedural paradigm (assignment, iteration, selection) or with a brief introduction to using objects followed quickly with writing objects. We have found a third way to be most satisfying for both teachers and students: using interesting predefined classes to introduce the fundamentals of object-oriented programming (object instantiation, method calls, inheritance) followed quickly by the traditional fundamentals of iteration and selection, also taught using the same predefined classes.Karel the Robot, developed by Richard Pattis [6] and well-known to many computer science educators, has aged gracefully and is a vital part of our CS1 curriculum. This paper explains how Karel may be used and the advantages of doing so.
FAS Promoter Polymorphism: Outcome of Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia. A Children's Oncology Group Report

Purpose: FAS is a cell surface receptor involved in apoptotic signal transmission. Deregulation of this pathway results in down-regulation of apoptosis and subsequent persistence of a malignant clone. A single nucleotide polymorphism resulting in guanine-to-adenine transition in the FAS promoter region (position -1377) is thought to reduce stimulatory protein 1 transcription factor binding and decrease FAS expression. Previous work has shown increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adult patients with a variant allele at this site. The same authors have shown that the presence of an adenine residue rather than a guanine residue at −1,377 bp significantly attenuates transcription factor stimulatory protein 1 binding and may contribute to a reduction in FAS expression and ultimately to the enrichment of apoptosis-resistant clones in AML. We hypothesized that FAS genotype by altering susceptibility to apoptosis might affect outcome of childhood AML therapy. Experimental Design: Four hundred forty-four children treated for de novo AML on a uniform protocol were genotyped for FAS 1377. Results: There were no significant differences in overall survival, event-free survival, treatment-related mortality, or relapse rate between patients with FAS 1377GG genotype versus 1377GA/1377AA genotypes. Conclusions: FAS 1377 genotype does not alter outcome of de novo AML in children.
Training Tree Transducers

Many probabilistic models for natural language are now written in terms of hierarchical tree structure. Tree-based modeling still lacks many of the standard tools taken for granted in (ﬁnite-state) string-based modeling. The theory of tree transducer automata provides a possible framework to draw on, as it has been worked out in an extensive literature. We motivate the use of tree transducers for natural language and address the training problem for probabilistic tree-to-tree and tree-to-string transducers
The Effect of Personal Relevance and Approach-Related Action Expectation on Relative Left Frontal Cortical Activity

Past research using a variety of methods has suggested that the frontal cortex is asymmetrically involved in the experience and expression of positive (or approach motivational) and negative (or withdrawal motivational) affects, with the left frontal region being involved in positive affects (or approach) and the right frontal region being involved in negative affects (or withdrawal). However, some studies have failed to replicate these effects, leaving many scientists questioning the meaning of the past supportive findings. To examine these inconsistencies in results, we tested the hypothesis that increasing the personal relevance of the stimuli and approach motivational intensity would increase relative left frontal activation. Results supported the predictions. Moreover, by showing the predicted effects with anger-inducing stimuli, the results demonstrated that motivational direction, rather than affective valence, accounts for asymmetrical frontal cortical activity.
Neuropilin‐1 expression by tumor cells promotes tumor angiogenesis and progression

Neuropilin‐1 (NRP1) is a VEGF165 and semaphorin receptor expressed by vascular endothelial cells (EC) and tumor cells. The function of NRP1 in tumor cells is unknown. NRP1 was overexpressed in Dunning rat prostate carcinoma AT2.1 cells using a tetracycline‐inducible promoter. Concomitant with increased NRP1 expression in response to a tetracycline homologue, doxycycline (Dox), basal cell motility, and VEGF165 binding were increased three‐ to fourfold in vitro. However, induction of NRP1 did not affect tumor cell proliferation. When rats injected with AT2.1/NRP1 tumor cells were fed Dox, NRP1 synthesis was induced in vivo and AT2.1 cell tumor size was increased 2.5‐ to 7‐fold in a 3–4 wk period compared to controls. The larger tumors with induced NRP1 expression were characterized by markedly increased microvessel density, increased proliferating EC, dilated blood vessels, and notably less tumor cell apoptosis compared to noninduced controls. It was concluded that NRP1 expression results in enlarged tumors associated with substantially enhanced tumor angiogenesis. —Miao, H. ‐Q. , Lee, P., Lin, H. , Soker, S. , Klagsbrun, M. Neuropilin‐1 expression by tumor cells promotes tumor angiogenesis and progression. FASEB J. 14, 2532–2539 (2000)
Strain-induced topological insulator phase transition in HgSe

Using ab initio electronic structure calculations we investigate the change of the band structure and the ν0 topological invariant in HgSe (noncentrosymmetric system) under two different types of uniaxial strain along the [001] and [110] directions, respectively. Both compressive [001] and [110] strain lead to the opening of a (crystal field) band gap (with a maximum value of about 37 meV) in the vicinity of � , and the concomitant formation of a camel-back- (inverse camel-back-) shaped valence (conduction) band along the direction perpendicular to the strain with a minimum (maximum) at � . We find that the Z2 invariant ν0 = 1 which demonstrates conclusively that HgSe is a strong topological insulator (TI). With further increase of the strain the band gap decreases, vanishing at a critical strain value (which depends on the strain type) where HgSe undergoes a transition from a strong TI to a trivial (normal) insulator. HgSe exhibits a similar behavior under a tensile [110] uniaxial strain. On the other hand, HgSe remains a normal insulator by applying a [001] tensile uniaxial strain. Complementary electronic structure calculations of the nonpolar (110) surface under compressive [110] tensile strain show two
Glyphmaker: creating customized visualizations of complex data

Glyphmaker allows nonexpert users to customize their own graphical representations using a simple glyph editor and a point-and-click binding mechanism. In particular, users can create and then alter bindings to visual representations, bring in new data or glyphs with associated bindings, change ranges for bound data, and do these operations interactively. They can also focus on data down to any level of detail, including individual elements, and then isolate or highlight the focused region. These features empower users, letting them employ their specialized domain knowledge to create customized visual representations for further exploration and analysis. For ease of design and use, we built Glyphmaker on top of Iris Explorer, the Silicon Graphics Inc. (SGI) dataflow visualization system. The current version of Glyphmaker has been successfully tested on a materials system simulation. We are planning a series of tests and evaluations by scientists and engineers using real data. <<ETX>>