Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection of Voltage Fault in Lithium-Ion Battery Based on Equivalent Circuit Model-Informed Neural Network

Voltage fault diagnosis is critical for detecting and identifying the lithium (Li)-ion battery failure. This article proposes a voltage fault diagnosis algorithm based on an equivalent circuit model-informed neural network (ECMINN) method for Li-ion batteries, which aims to learn the voltage fault observer by embedding the equivalent circuit model (ECM) into neural network structures. This method directly embeds the deterministic mechanism part in the ECM and designs the uncertain part into neural networks, which takes advantage of the high precision of the physical model and the strong nonlinear processing ability of the neural network to improve the fault diagnosis effect. In this method, the voltage prediction module and residual-based parameter calibration module are developed to describe state space equations and automatically learn the state parameters and model parameters, respectively. Moreover, a fault score specifically designed by combining the identified model parameters is presented, which is proved to be effectively in detecting different fault types. Finally, experiments on two public datasets are conducted, by which the proposed ECMINN method is demonstrated to be effective and accurate in predicting voltage data and detecting faults. Comparison with three other state-of-the-art methods also reveals the advantages of the proposed ECMINN method.
Benthic macroinvertebrate community and chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentration in sediment of three polluted sites in the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria

This paper reports the benthic macroinvertebrate community and chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentration in sediment of three polluted sites in the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. Values observed for DO ranged between 3.0 and 4.5 mg/L, while transparency varied from 3 cm to 32 cm. Turbidity ranged between 28 and 80 NTU and depth of the study stations fluctuated between 196.16 and 317.5 cm. Two major macroinvertebrate groups (Annelida and Mollusca) made up of eight species were identified from a total density of 7820 ind/m 2 . Mollusca were the most abundant group with a density of 7800 ind/m 2 and accounted for 99.7 % of the total macroinvertebrate density. Density of benthic macroinvertebrate varied among the study stations, while the variations observed in the values ofchl-a in sediment were mainly in relation to sampling periods. Transparency of water correlated positively and significantly with chl-a in sediment (rs= 1; p< 0.01) while turbidity and depth of water related negatively and significantly with chl-a in sediment. Results obtained in this study suggest that pollution in the three study sites impacted negatively on the benthic community. Key Words : Chl-a, benthic macroinvertebrate, pollution, estuarine ecosystem
Introducing Dungeons & Therapy: A Tabletop Role-Playing System for Group Therapy

Abstract:This article is the first of a planned three-part series that explores the utility of table-top role-playing games (TTRPGs) in therapy and introduces a new system designed by the authors for use in group therapy settings called Dungeons & Therapy. The surging popularity of TTRPGs like Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) has led to scholarly interest in their potential uses within therapeutic settings. However, D&D’s financial cost, complicated rules, and history of problematic content can create barriers for therapists wishing to use it. Dungeons & Therapy, which the authors have made as a free alternative to D&D, seeks to capture the role-playing essence of TTRPGs with a simplified rule set and to provide systems through which a therapist can encourage different kinds of play from players to facilitate personalized therapeutic outcomes.
Utility of the Interferon-Gamma Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot Assay to Predict Risk of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Non‐specific interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) enzyme‐linked immunosorbent (ELISpot) responses after solid organ transplant (SOT) and their relationship with cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation have hardly been investigated. Adult kidney transplant (KT) recipients underwent measurement of IFN‐γ‐producing T cells using the ELISpot assay before and 1 month after transplantation. Data for CMV infection episodes were collected. Risk factors for post‐transplant CMV infection, based on IFN‐γ responses, were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 93 KT recipients were enrolled in the study and 84 evaluable participants remained at 1 month post KT. Thirty-three (39%) recipients developed subsequent CMV infection within 6 months post‐transplant. At 1‐month post‐transplant, IFN‐γ‐producing T cells with <250 spot‐forming units (SFUs)/2.5 × 105 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were significantly associated with CMV infection (HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.4–7.1, p = 0.007). On multivariable analysis, posttransplant IFN‐γ‐producing T cells with <250 SFUs/2.5 × 105 PBMCs remained independently associated with CMV infection (HR 3.1, 95% CI 1.2–7.8, p = 0.019). Conclusions: KT recipients with low IFN‐γ‐producing T cells measured by the ELISpot assay are more likely to develop CMV infection after transplantation. Therefore, measurement of nonspecific cell-mediated immunity ELISpot responses could potentially stratify recipients at risk of CMV infection (Thai Clinical Trials Registry, TCTR20210216004).
Spring migration of birds across the Greenland Inlandice

Radar observations from a long-range surveillance station in SE Greenland (65°31'N, 37°08'W) during the end of May and beginning of June 1980 and 1982, demonstrated regular bird migration across the Inlandice in both E/SE and W/NW directions. According to supplementary field observations from SE and W Greenland 1980, -82 and -84, and to available information from the literature, the most probable species to carry out a transglacial E/SE-migration in spring are Gavia immer, Clangula hyemalis, Mergus serrator, Anas platyrhynchos and, possibly, Alle ,alle and Larus hyperboreus. These birds probably depart from the ice-free coasts in W Greenland towards breeding sites along the E Greenland coast and, at least in Clangula hyemalis, Iceland and possibly even further to the east. Plectrophenax nivalis and Calcarius lapponicus probably also travel eastwards over the southern Inlandice to SE Greenland breeding sites. Species involved in the transglacial W/NW-migration comprise geese, Anser albifrons and Branta bernicla, and high arctic waders, Charadrius hiaticula, Arenaria interpres, Calidris canutus and Calidris alba. In addition, it is highly probable that also Oenanthe oenanthe, Sterna paradisaea and Phalaropus lobatus belong to this category. The geese and high arctic waders depart from staging areas in Iceland to undertake a long-distance flight to breeding grounds in W Greenland (Anser albifrons) or NW Greenland and N Canada. The flight route passes the Sermilik fjord region in SE Greenland, where the migrants shift from a W/WNW course over the Denmark Strait to a WNW/NW course across the Inlandice. The route from Iceland via Sermilik to NW Greenland and N Canada is about 10% longer than the great circle route across the central and northern Inlandice. However, wind conditions for a high altitude transglacial flight are much less favourable along the great circle route. The observed migration patterns involve the crossing of 450-700 km of inlandice, reaching 2500-2800 m asl, with temperatures about -10°C. The total flight distance from Iceland to NW Greenland and N Canada is 2300-3000 km. Staging areas for ducks and divers along the Greenland west coast, and for geese and waders in Iceland, are probably of crucial importance for the evolution of the observed transglacial migration patterns. The distance from Iceland to the northernmost part of the Nearctic is smaller than from corresponding spring staging sites in North America. Hence, Iceland serves as a spring-board to Nearctic breeding grounds for Old World winter populations of waders and geese. Staging sites probably have a dual effect as spring-boards and bottle-necks, respectively, for the evolution of migration patterns in arctic birds. Gaps in the circumpolar breeding distribution of arctic species, and a relatively low diversity of species breeding in the sector around Greenland, may be due to competition for limited staging resources in combination with the isolating effects in this sector of sea expanses and the Greenland Inlandice.
The geologic significance of coiling ratios in the foraminifer Globigerina pachyderma (Ehrenberg) [California]

Studies of Recent populations of the planktonic foraminifer, Globigerina pachyderma (Ehrenberg), show that more than 98% of Arctic and Antarctic specimens coil in a counter-clockwise direction (sinistral), whereas populations in temperate and tropical regions are mostly 98% clockwise (dextral) in manner of coiling. Basin cores off southern California reveal that modern dextral forms have persisted for about 11,000 years and were preceded by sinistral populations in the late Pleistocene, as determined by radiocarbon dating. Computations of sedimentation rates indicate that Pleistocene sediments were deposited from 25 to 500% faster than those in the Recent. Investigation of populations in Pliocene and Pleistocene strata of southern California show consistent sinistrality in the Pleistocene and in the middle part of the Pliocene. Assemblages from the upper and lower Pliocene are dominantly dextral. Thus, an additional stratigraphic tool is provided in improving the accuracy of late Cenozoic correlations of southern California.
Prognostic Capability of TNBC 3-Gene Score among Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Subtypes

Simple Summary In this study we evaluated the prognostic capability of the 3-gene score in the molecular subtypes of triple negative breast cancer and found that the score was able to predict the risk of distant recurrence in the immunomodulatory and mesenchymal stem-like subtypes. Additionally, a low 3-gene score was related to a high level of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Our findings suggest that the prognostic capability of the 3-gene score is associated to tumor-infiltrating components. Abstract Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a complex and molecularly heterogeneous entity, with the poorest outcome compared with other breast cancer subtypes. Previously, we developed a TNBC 3-gene score with a significant prognostic capability. This study aims to test the 3-gene score in the different TNBC subtypes. Methods: Data from 204 TNBC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were retrieved from public datasets and pooled (GSE25066, GSE58812, and GSE16446). After removing batch effects, cases were classified into Lehman’s TNBC subtypes and then the TNBC 3-gene score was used to evaluate the risk of distant recurrence in each subgroup. In addition, the association with tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TILs) levels was evaluated in a retrospective group of 72 TNBC cases. Results: The TNBC 3-gene score was able to discriminate patients with different risks within the pooled cohort (HR = 2.41 for high vs. low risk; 95%CI: 1.50–3.86). The score showed predictive capability in the immunomodulatory subtype (HR = 4.16; 95%CI: 1.63–10.60) and in the mesenchymal stem-like subtype (HR = 18.76; 95%CI: 1.68–208.97). In the basal-like 1, basal-like-2, and mesenchymal subtypes, the observed differential risk patterns showed no statistical significance. The score had poor predictive capability in the luminal androgen receptor subtype (p = 0.765). In addition, a low TNBC 3-gene score was related to a high level of TIL infiltration (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The TNBC 3-gene score is able to predict the risk of distant recurrence in TNBC patients, specifically in the immunomodulatory and mesenchymal stem-like subtype. Despite a small sample size in each subgroup, an improved prognostic capability was seen in TNBC subtypes with tumor-infiltrating components.
Manipulatives for Teaching Computer Science Concepts

Despite many initiatives to increase participation in K-12 computer science (CS), only about half of the public high schools offer CS, and only about a third of the K-8 public schools offer CS. To make matters worse, even if schools offer CS, interests wane from late elementary through post-secondary education. The lack of participation has been attributed to feelings of not belonging, technology-rich programs creating divides among students, and negative belief systems that CS is socially isolating, lacks creativity or fun, and is for intelligent, white males, and we believe one contributing factor is the way CS is introduced, taught, and scaffolded. In this full paper, we present innovative pedagogical approaches to teach fundamental CS concepts, such as abstraction, representation, algorithms, and computation, to 6th grade students using manipulatives, which are physical objects that students interact with to teach or reinforce a concept. Teaching and learning using manipulatives has a long history in science and mathematics education, but the development of and research on manipulatives to teach CS concepts is less common. Through observational field notes from a 6th-grade classroom and interviews with the teacher, we discuss the affordances and drawbacks of the different approaches and manipulatives. We found that using manipulatives led to increased student engagement and participation with the material and made teaching the material more exciting and engaging for the teacher. In addition, we found that the manipulatives provided a way for student misunderstandings and errors to be more apparent through tinkering with the physical objects, and the teacher was able to easily understand how to extend the activities and find ways to connect multiple CS concepts. However, we observed several drawbacks with different manipulatives and approaches for using the manipulatives that could be helpful for future changes and the development of new manipulatives. For example, the puzzle-like games we gave students to construct algorithms for tossing a coin to see who goes first in a game and playing Rock, Paper, Scissors were challenging for students to recreate a given algorithm that was not necessarily an algorithm they would have designed themselves.
Functional Near-Infrared Spectrometry as a Useful Diagnostic Tool for Understanding the Visual System: A Review

This comprehensive review explores the role of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) in advancing our understanding of the visual system. Beginning with an introduction to fNIRS, we delve into its historical development, highlighting how this technology has evolved over time. The core of the review critically examines the advantages and disadvantages of fNIRS, offering a balanced view of its capabilities and limitations in research and clinical settings. We extend our discussion to the diverse applications of fNIRS beyond its traditional use, emphasizing its versatility across various fields. In the context of the visual system, this review provides an in-depth analysis of how fNIRS contributes to our understanding of eye function, including eye diseases. We discuss the intricacies of the visual cortex, how it responds to visual stimuli and the implications of these findings in both health and disease. A unique aspect of this review is the exploration of the intersection between fNIRS, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI). We discuss how these cutting-edge technologies are synergizing with fNIRS to open new frontiers in visual system research. The review concludes with a forward-looking perspective, envisioning the future of fNIRS in a rapidly evolving technological landscape and its potential to revolutionize our approach to studying and understanding the visual system.
Evaluation of Communication and Human Response Latency for (Human) Teleoperation

We previously introduced a novel mixed reality teleguidance system dubbed human teleoperation (David Black et al., 2023 and Black and Salcudean, 2023), in which a human (expert) leader and a human (novice) follower are tightly coupled through mixed reality and haptics. Our first evaluation of human teleoperation is in the context of tele ultrasound, in which a sonographer or radiologist’s gestures are copied by a remote novice to carry out an ultrasound examination. In this paper, a communication system suitable for implementation of human teleoperation is presented and characterized in various network conditions, over Ethernet, Wi-Fi, 4G LTE, and 5G. To obtain a full understanding of latency in the system, the human response time is additionally characterized through a series of step response tests with 11 volunteers. The step responses were obtained by tracking the position of, and force exerted by, the human hand in response to a change in the mixed reality target. Different rendering methods were evaluated. The round-trip communication latency is 40 ± 10 ms over 5G, and down to 1 ± 0.6 ms over Ethernet for typical throughputs. The human response time to a step change in position depends on the step magnitude, but is between 485 to 535 ms, while the reaction time to a change in force is 150 to 200 ms. Both lag times are greatly decreased when tracking a smooth motion. Thus, we demonstrate that the system is network agnostic and can achieve good teleoperation performance and secure, low latency communication in appropriate network conditions. This brings the human teleoperation concept a step closer to human trials in a clinical environment, and the presented tools and concepts are applicable to any high-performance teleoperation system, and especially for mixed reality guidance.
Promoting Social Inclusion and Mitigating Anxiety in Educational Settings through Self-Esteem: A Multi-Group PLS-SEM Analysis of College Students in Indonesia

This comprehensive study explores the predictive role of self-esteem in relation to anxiety, specifically trait anxiety and state anxiety. The research encompasses 229 college students from a university in Medan, Indonesia, who participated in an online survey. Utilizing Multi-Group Analysis PLS-SEM, the collected data underwent thorough analysis. The outcomes obtained from partial least squares structural equation modeling demonstrate that self-esteem has a negative impact on students' anxiety levels, encompassing both trait anxiety and state anxiety. Furthermore, the structural model was assessed across two distinct gender groups (Group 1: Female; Group 2: Male), and the results indicate the model's consistency across these groups. This study contributes novel insights to the existing literature on anxiety mitigation within educational contexts, particularly among Eastern populations. In conclusion, the findings emphasize the crucial role of self-esteem as a predictor of anxiety among college students in Indonesia. The research highlights a negative association between self-esteem and both trait anxiety and state anxiety. Additionally, by demonstrating the robustness of the structural model across gender groups, the study implies the universal implications of its findings. Overall, this research provides valuable insights for educators and practitioners seeking to address anxiety-related concerns and enhance the well-being of students in educational settings.
Diagnostic and therapeutic advances in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the era of gene analysis and targeted immunotherapy

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most rapidly changing hematological malignancies with advanced understanding of the genetic landscape, detection methods of minimal residual disease (MRD), and the development of immunotherapeutic agents with good clinical outcomes. The annual incidence of adult ALL in Korea is 300–350 patients per year. The WHO classification of ALL was revised in 2022 to reflect the molecular cytogenetic features and suggest new adverse-risk subgroups, such as Ph-like ALL and ETP-ALL. We continue to use traditional adverse-risk features and cytogenetics, with MRD-directed post-remission therapy including allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. However, with the introduction of novel agents, such as ponatinib, blinatumomab, and inotuzumab ozogamicin incorporated into frontline therapy, good MRD responses have been achieved, and overall survival outcomes are improving. Accordingly, some clinical trials have suggested a possible era of chemotherapy-free or transplantation-free approaches in the near future. Nevertheless, relapse of refractory ALL still occurs, and some poor ALL subtypes, such as Ph-like ALL and ETP-ALL, are unsolved problems for which novel agents and treatment strategies are needed. In this review, we summarize the currently applied diagnostic and therapeutic practices in the era of advanced genetic analysis and targeted immunotherapies in United States and Europe and introduce real-world Korean data.
Environmental variables as predictors of fish community composition in semiarid aquatic systems

Abstract Aim To understand the distribution of fish species and their use of habitat, a range of environmental variables were evaluated as predictors of fish assemblage composition and richness in tropical semiarid aquatic systems. Methods We surveyed the species composition of fish assemblages in semiarid aquatic systems and established their degree of association with the structure of the aquatic habitat. Sites consisted of stream reaches with surface water flow, isolated temporary pools, and man-made reservoirs. Fish sampling was conducted on four occasions during the wet (April and June 2006) and dry seasons (September and December 2006). The correlation between richness and abundance with the habitat structure was evaluated using stepwise multiple regression. Patterns of variation in fish assemblage composition across sites were evaluated using Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling, and the Indicator Species Analysis was used to determine which species were significant indicators of sites. To establish multivariate correlations and test the hypothesis of local fish composition being associated with the environmental variables we used a Canonical Correspondence Analysis. Results Morphometric variables, stream reach width, stream length and elevation explained 75.6% of the variation in fish richness. Macrophyte cover and overhanging vegetation added to the predictive power of the model equation, where the final model explained 86.9% of the variation in fish richness. Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed a significant relationship between fish composition data and site morphology (altitude, bank slope and littoral depth). Among the water quality, habitat composition and substrate variables, temperature, sand, and gravel showed higher correlation with the CCA axes. Conclusions These results indicated that fish communities assume different structures and compositions across different habitat types following the environmental heterogeneity in dryland aquatic systems.