Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dense cores in dark clouds. I. CO observations and column densities of high-extinction regions

Ninety small (approx.5') visually opaque regions have been selected from Palomar Sky Atlas prints and surveyed in the 2.7 mm J = 1. -->. 0 lines of C/sup 18/O and /sup 13/CO. The regions are primarily in complexes of obscuration, including those in Taurus and Ophiuchus. The typical C/sup 18/O emission region has C/sup 18/O line width 0.6 km s/sup -1/, optical depth 0.4, excitation temperature 10 K, and column density 2 x 10/sup 15/ cm/sup -2/. It has size 0.3 pc, visual extinction approx.11 mag, and mass approx.30 M/sub sun/. Comparison with equilibrium and collapse models indicates that purely thermal supporting motions are consistent with the present data, but unlikely. If the full C/sup 18/O line width reflects turbulent supporting motions, nearly all of the observed clouds are consistent with stable equilibrium. If only part of the C/sup 18/O line width reflects supporting motions, many clouds are also consistent with turbulent contraction. More than half of the clouds have significant departures from Gaussian line shape. The most common asymmetry is a blueshifted peak in the /sup 13/CO line, which is consistent with contracting motion.
Robust inference for generalized linear models

Generalized Linear Models have become a commonly used tool of data analysis. Such models are used to fit regressions for univariate responses with normal, gamma, binomial or Poisson distribution. Maximum likelihood is generally applied as fitting method. In the usual regression setting the least absolute-deviations estimator (L1-norm) is a popular alternative to least squares (L2-norm) because of its simplicity and its robustness properties. In the first part of this thesis we examine the question of how much of these robustness features carry over to the setting of generalized linear models. We study a robust procedure based on the minimum absolute deviation estimator of Morgenthaler (1992), the Lq quasi-likelihood when q = 1. In particular, we investigate the influence function of these estimates and we compare their sensitivity to that of the maximum likelihood estimate. Furthermore we particularly explore the Lq quasi-likelihood estimates in binary regression. These estimates are difficult to compute. We derive a simpler estimator, which has a similar form as the Lq quasi-likelihood estimate. The resulting estimating equation consists in a simple modification of the familiar maximum likelihood equation with the weights wq(μ). This presents an improvement compared to other robust estimates discussed in the literature that typically have weights, which depend on the couple (xi, yi) rather than on μi = h(xiT β) alone. Finally, we generalize this estimator to Poisson regression. The resulting estimating equation is a weighted maximum likelihood with weights that depend on μ only.
Overlooked Variables in Compliant Grasping and Manipulation

—Reliable grasping and manipulation for de- formable objects require accurate contact modeling and grasp stability estimation. One key component in contact modeling and stability estimation is the coefficient of friction, which is typically estimated as a standard single value from the literature, even though its actual values are variable and depend on many factors, such as compliance and contact velocity, especially for deformable objects. These factors are often overlooked in the applications of analytical grasp models as well as machine learning methods. Here we compare the coefficient of friction of objects with different compliance but identical materials (thicker/multi-layered vs. thinner/single-layered) at varying contact velocity, using a highly instrumented robot hand and vision-based tracking on both the robot hand and the object. The results show that compliance, as well as contact velocity, affect the coefficient of friction and stability estimation using grasp analysis. These findings suggest that reliable grasping and manipulation, whether from analytical grasp models or machine learning methods, require the ability to sense friction. This also implies that machine learning methods will require inputs from friction sensing. Without friction sensing capabilities, robotic grasping and manipulation are constrained to a much narrower range of objects.
Infrared colors and the diffuse interstellar bands

Broad-band infrared photometric measurements have been gathered for 105 stars which exhibit diffuse interstellar bands in their spectra. All normal stars obey a single reddening law, and a value of R equal to 3.08 + or - 0.15 is derived. This value is consistent with other recent determinations of R. The diffuse band indicators, the central depth of the 4430-A feature and the equivalent widths of the 5780-A and 6284-A features, show as large a scatter with the infrared color excesses as they do with E(B - V). No single-valued relation between the color excesses and the diffuse band strengths appears to exist. This casts doubt on whether dust grains which produce the visual and infrared extinctions are the carriers for the diffuse interstellar features.
WASHINGTON PHOTOMETRY OF GLOBULAR CLUSTER GIANTS: TEN INTERMEDIATE-METALLICITY CLUSTERS

One hundred and ten stars associated with ten intermediate metallicity Galactic globular clusters have been investigated with the Washington photometric system. The data yield a luminosity class, temperature and metal abundance for each star. The luminosity classification is used to separate field stars from cluster giants. Mean metal abundances for an average of ten member giants per cluster are determined to ∼0.1 dex (internal error). These mean abundances are in good general agreement with existing metallicity scales.
Rotational Multiplets in the Spectrum of the Earth

Abstract : A theory is developed for the effect of the earth's rotation on its spectrum. Each line is resolved by rotation into a multiplet of (2n+1) lines, as in the Zeeman effect. A theory is also given of the intensity distribution in the lines of the multiplet for the case of a pointsource. Good agreement is obtained between this theory and the doublets observed seismically and gravimetrically.
Ping-pong modes and higher-periodicity multipactora)

Multipactor is a vacuum discharge driven by secondary electron emission. Multiple period multipactors have long been known to exist but have been studied less extensively. In a period-n multipactor, electrons undergo multiple impacts in one rf period, with the synchronous phase alternating periodically between multiple values. A novel resonant form is proposed that combines one- and two-surface impacts within a single period, provided the total transit time is an odd number of rf half-periods and the product of secondary yields exceeds unity. For low fD products, the simplest such mode is shown to significantly increase the upper electric field boundary of the multipacting region and lead to overlap of higher-order bands. The results agree nicely with 3-D particle-in-cell code simulations. An alternative, map-based method is introduced for analyzing higher-periodicity multipactor. Practical implications of the findings are discussed, including consequences for multipactor suppression strategies using a dcmagnetic field.
Evaluation of energy harvesting performance of electrostrictive polymer and carbon-filled terpolymer composites

Recent trends in energy conversion mechanisms have demonstrated the abilities of electrostrictive polymers for converting mechanical vibrations into electricity. In particular, such materials present advantageous features such as high productivity, high flexibility, and processability. Hence, the application of these materials for energy harvesting purposes has been of significant interest over the last few years. The purpose of this paper consists in evaluating the energy scavenging abilities of electrostrictive terpolymer composite filled with 1 vol % carbon black poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene). For fair comparison, a new figure of merit taking into account the intrinsic parameters of the material is introduced. This figure of merit equals the squared product of the electric field-related electrostrictive coefficient by the Young modulus, divided by the permittivity, relating the electric energy density per cycle per squared strain magnitude and squared bias electric fi.
Sound-field analysis by plane-wave decomposition using spherical microphone array

Directional sound-field information is becoming more important in sound-field analysis and auditorium acoustics, and, as a consequence, a variety of microphone arrays have recently been studied that provide such information. In particular, spherical microphone arrays have been proposed that provide three-dimensional information by decomposing the sound field into spherical harmonics. The theoretical formulation of the plane-wave decomposition and array performance analysis were also presented. In this paper, as a direct continuation of the recent work, a spherical microphone array configured around a rigid sphere is designed, analyzed using simulation, and then used experimentally to decompose the sound field in an anechoic chamber and an auditorium into waves. The array employs a maximum of 98 measurement positions around the sphere, and is used to compute spherical harmonics up to order 6. In the current paper we investigate the factors affecting the performance of plane-wave decomposition, showing that.
Effect of Precipitation on the Hardness of Ternary Metallic Glass

The present study reports effects of annealing treatment on the hardness of Ce75Al23Si2 rare earth-based metallic glasses (REMG). Then specimens were annealed at 100°C, 200°C, 250°C, 270°C, and 290°C five different temperatures for 30 minutes. After that, three different characteristic methods, including microindentation, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and scanning electrical microscope (SEM) were conducted on the as received REMG sample and five annealed samples. XRD data demonstrate that the crystallization occurs in the sample at the annealing temperature as low as 200°C. The microindentation measurement shows that hardness of the REMG sample does not change at all before crystallization occurs in the sample and increases with the annealing temperature in the range of 200°C to 290°C. The average crystal size in the annealed samples was estimated using Debye-Scherrer equation to be 28-42 nm, in consistent with the SEM observation, indicating that nano-crystalline domains may give rise to the enhancement of hardness.
Influence of Internal Phenomena on Gas Bubble Motion : Effects of Transport Phenomena and Mist Formation inside Bubble in the Expanding Phase

The motion of a single bubble is simulated when the surrounding pressure decreases stepwise. In this simulation, the conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy are solved directly in order to estimate the effect of internal phenomena on bubble motion. At the same time, the mist formation in the gas phase and the diffusions of heat and noncondensable gas in the liquid phase are taken into account. The numerical results for several cases reveal that nondimensional transport coefficients have large effects on the distributions of temperature, concentration of vapor and the mist formation. As the initial radius becomes smaller or depressurization ratio becomes larger, bubble motion is less influenced by mist formation due to the heat penetration through the bubble wall by heat conduction.
Self-Similarity in Vibration Time Series: Application to Gear Fault Diagnostics

The vibration time series of gear systems exhibit self-similarity. The time-series behavior is characterized by an exponent, known as the scaling exponent. An algorithm is proposed for the estimation of both global and local exponents, thus providing a means of examining the time-series fine structure. The proposed algorithm is applied to experimental data recorded from gear pairs with localized defects in the form of bending fatigue cracks. It is shown that an examination of the exponent empirical histogram allows detection of damage at an early stage and also provides an estimate of the defect magnitude.
Scattering matrix of nonspherical ice particles determined by the geometric optics approximation method

Due to the complex shape of particles, it is difficult to calculate the scattering matrix of the nonspherical cirrus particles exactly. One of the most widely used techniques to calculate the optical property of nonspherical cirrus particles is the geometrical optics approximation method. We describe the FORTRAN code to calculate a 4 by 4 scattering matrix of both convex and concave cirrus particles using the geometrical optics approximation method together with the Fraunhofer diffraction theory. The randomness of the ice crystal face is also considered. Examples of the scattering matrix are presented. In addition, we discuss the complexity of calculating nonspherical particles from the theoretical point of view.
I-V characteristics of Au∕Ni Schottky diodes on GaN with SiNx nanonetwork

Room temperature and temperature dependent current-voltage characteristics of Ni∕Au Schottky diodes fabricated on undoped GaN prepared with and without in situ SiNx nanonetwork by metal organic chemical vapor deposition have been studied. The features of the Schottky diodes depend strongly on the SiNx deposition conditions, namely, its thickness. Reduction in the point and line defect densities caused the Schottky barrier height to increase to 1.13eV for 5min SiNx deposition time as compared to 0.78eV without SiNx nanonetwork. Similarly, the breakdown voltage also improved from 76V for the reference to 250V when SiNx nanonetwork was used. With optimized SiNx nanonetwork, full width at half maximum values of (0002) and (101¯2) x-ray rocking curves improved to 217 and 211arcsec, respectively, for a 5. 5μm thick layer, as compared to 252 and 405arcsec for a reference sample of the same thickness, which are comparable to literature values. The photoluminescence linewidth also reduced to 2.5meV at 15K with free.
Leveraging Ontologies for Knowledge Graph Schemas

Knowledge Graphs have emerged as a core technology to enhance the search experience of users in research and industry alike. Applications are being developed to build and exploit graph structures in data repositories, to improve search and integration of knowledge. However, data is available on the Web in diverse formats and integrating data from diﬀerent sources is still an open research area. In this paper, we propose a method to build a schema for Knowledge Graphs that leverages ontologies by integrating them in a single uniﬁed graph, enriched by an ontology matching step. We evaluate this method by comparing the diﬀerent stages of graph structures and measuring structural properties of the resulting graphs. We also propose an approach that groups ontology classes by conceptual type, showcasing how an underlying ontology-based schema can enhance a Knowledge Graph. The results demonstrate the viability of this approach, highlighting how the chosen techniques based on edge addition successfully make our ontology-based knowledge graph schema more complete and tightly connected.
Note on Duality of Weighted Multi-Parameter Triebel-Lizorkin Spaces

We study the duality theory of the weighted multi-parameter Triebel-Lizorkin spaces F˙pα,q(ω;ℝn1×ℝn2)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\dot{F}_{p}^{\alpha, q}\left(\omega ; \mathbb{R}^{n_{1}} \times \mathbb{R}^{n_{2}}\right)$$\end{document}. This space has been introduced and the result (F˙pα,q(ω;ℝn1×ℝn2))*=CMOp−α,q′(ω;ℝn1×ℝn2)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\left(\dot{F}_{p}^{\alpha, q}\left(\omega ; \mathbb{R}^{n_{1}} \times \mathbb{R}^{n_{2}}\right)\right)^{*}=\mathrm{CMO}_{p}^{-\alpha, q^{\prime}}\left(\omega ; \mathbb{R}^{n_{1}} \times \mathbb{R}^{n_{2}}\right)$$\end{document} for 0 < p ⩽ 1 has been proved in Ding, Zhu (2017). In this paper, for 1 < p < ∞, 0 < q < ∞ we establish its dual space H˙pα,q(ω;ℝn1×ℝn2)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\dot{H}_{p}^{\alpha, q}\left(\omega ; \mathbb{R}^{n_{1}} \times \mathbb{R}^{n_{2}}\right)$$\end{document}.
An Effective Similarity Measurement Algorithm for Dominant Color Feature Matching in Image Retrieval

For the reason that dominant colors can characterize color information of image region and can represent the image using fewer dimensions, it is one of the widely used color features in image retrieval. We extract the dominant color feature in HSV color space, and combine it with color distribution information. In this paper, a new similarity measurement algorithm based on block distance is proposed for dominant color matching. Our proposed algorithm not only takes the distance between dominant colors into account, but also the difference of the percentage of dominant colors. The average precision of our algorithm improves about 5% and about 14% respectively compared with block distance and Euclidean distance. Although the average precision of our algorithm is almost equal to quadratic form distance, the computation cost of our algorithm is obviously less than it.
Numerical simulations of two-dimensional floating breakwaters in regular waves using fixed cartesian grid

ABSTRACT The wave attenuation by floating breakwaters in high amplitude waves, which can lead to wave overtopping and breaking, is examined by numerical simulations. The governing equations, the Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation, are calculated in a fixed Cartesian grid system. The body boundaries are defined by the line segment connecting the points where the grid line and body surface meet. No-slip and divergence free conditions are satisfied at the body boundary cell. The nonlinear waves near the moving body is defined using the modified markerdensity method. To verify the present numerical method, vortex induced vibration on an elastically mounted cylinder and free roll decay are numerically simulated and the results are compared with those reported in the literature. Using the present numerical method, the wave attenuations by three kinds of floating breakwaters are simulated numerically in a regular wave to compare the performance.
Fabrication of high-aspect-ratio resonance domain diffraction gratings in fused silica

Abstract. Resonance domain diffraction gratings with local periods near the wavelength may have very high diffraction efficiencies. Unfortunately, they are difficult to fabricate, especially for use with light in visible and shorter wavelengths. We present several methods for fabricating surface relief resonance domain diffraction gratings used in the visible spectral region. We also optimize the relevant fabrication parameters and compare the resulting performance for each method. For the fabrication, we resort to e-beam lithography and reactive ion etching. Characterization is performed with environmental scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and optical measurements on representative structures. Nearly 100% Bragg diffraction efficiency can be achieved with transmission resonance domain binary gratings formed in fused silica and having a period of 0.5 μm and a groove depth of 1 μm.
Calibration of Astro-D telescope with an x-ray pencil beam

The x-ray optical properties of X-Ray Telescopes (XRTs) on board Asca were evaluated with an x-ray pencil beam at ISAS 30 m x-ray beam line. The total effective area of four XRTs is obtained to be about 1300 cm2, 800 cm2, and 450 cm2 at each energy of 1.5 keV, 4.5 keV, and 8.0 keV, respectively. These values are about 15% less than those calculated by ray tracing method in an ideal case. The shadow effect of closely packed foils might be the main reason for the degradation of effective area. The Point Spread Function of XRT was also measured by an x-ray CCD. We have also measured the contamination of stray light, which were caused by the one time reflected photons (by primary or secondary mirror) and photons reflected on the back side surface of the mirror shells. The stray light profile and intensity were consistent to the results simulated by the ray tracing.
Filtered kernel probabilistic neural network

Probabilistic neural networks (PNN) build internal density representations based on the kernel or Parzen estimator and use Bayesian decision theory in order to build up arbitrarily complex decision boundaries. As in the classical kernel estimator, the training is performed in a single pass of the data and asymptotic convergence is guaranteed. One important factor affecting convergence is the kernel width. Theory only provides an optimal width in the case of normally distributed data. This problem becomes acute in multivariate cases. In this paper we present an asymptotically optimal method of setting kernel widths for multivariate Gaussian kernels based on the theory of filtered kernel estimators and show how this can be realized as a filtered kernel PNN architecture. Performance comparisons are made with competing methods.
Military cultural competence in the context of cognitive behavioural therapy

Abstract Current work in multicultural competency has emphasized factors such as race and ethnicity, age, disability status, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation and gender. For those clinicians who work with military and veteran populations, grounding in military cultural competence is also critical as a prerequisite for providing quality care. We believe that engaging these populations from a specifically cognitive behavioural orientation allows bridging of cultural gaps and that there is a natural alignment between cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and many aspects of warrior culture. This paper outlines several factors related to the values of military culture and strategies of the CBT therapist to better understand and use these values effectively in clinical practice, including lessons learned from an intensive outpatient program providing speciality care to veterans and military service members.
Godel's theorem as a corollary of impossibility of complete axiomatization of geometry

Not any geometry can be axiomatized. The paradoxical Godel's theorem starts from the supposition that any geometry can be axiomatized and goes to the result, that not any geometry can be axiomatized. One considers example of two close geometries (Riemannian geometry and $\sigma $-Riemannian one), which are constructed by different methods and distinguish in some details. The Riemannian geometry reminds such a geometry, which is only a part of the full geometry. Such a possibility is covered by the Godel's theorem.