Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sparse representation and low-rank approximation for sensor signal processing

Sparsity and low-rank structures are recently considered as an important property in various signal processing problems. They have been widely applied in image processing, communication, computer vision, pattern recognition, radar, etc. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a review on sparse representation and low-rank approximation, and their applications in sensor signal processing. Three specific scenarios of sensor signal processing are further discussed. Simulations and experiments are presented in each signal processing scenario to demonstrate the capability of sparse representation and low-rank approximation.
Mexico's War on Drugs: No Margin for Maneuver

Illegal drugs threaten the Mexican governance because of the corruption they generate. The Mexican government has been fighting this threat for years in a context of institutional weakness and strong pressures from the United States. The fact that Mexico is a natural supplier of illegal drugs to the biggest market in the world, the United States, puts the Mexican government in a very complex situation with no alternatives other than to continue fighting drugs with very limited institutional and human resources. In this process, Mexico has no margin for maneuver to change the parameters of the war on drugs.
Efficient RTL Coverage Metric for Functional Test Selection

For performance-critical microprocessors, efficient test-selection methods are needed for reusing a subset of functional validation tests to detect manufacturing defects. Our new input/output transition fault-coverage metric (TRIO) at the register-transfer level is shown to perform much better than current metric in test selection at only an incrementally higher computational cost. TRIO may also be used for testability analysis early in the design cycle
Behavior Intention To Use Of Learning Management System Among Malaysian Pre-Service Teachers: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Learning Management system is a type of Information system that many universities invest on to be integrated with their curriculum. Therefore, factors which make students accept or reject Learning Management System is crucial for educational managers of universities. The main purpose of the present study is to modify and validate a measurement model based on two models of Technology Acceptance Model and Fit Model. The proposed measurement model included five constructs of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, behavior intention to use, technical support and task-technology fit. The sample size of the study was 300 pre-service teachers studying at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) and Universiti of Malaya (UM). The results of the study revealed that after deleting eleven items, the proposed measurement model was validated and fit. Therefore, the modified measurement model was able to present the theoretical patterns of the actual data.
EVALUATION OF STIMULI FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDONESIAN VERSION OF VERBAL FLUENCY TASK USING RANKING METHOD

Several studies have asserted that the performance of verbal fluency task is strongly influenced by the socio-culture and language aspect. In the letter fluency task, participants are asked to generate words beginning with the letters F, A, S, (so-called FAS task), which has been widely used in English language. However it might not be equally suitable to other languages. Present study evaluates different kinds of letter and semantic fluency stimuli factors as part of the preparation to develop the Indonesian verbal fluency task. Results show that the letters A and S produced many different words and are positioned in the top ten ranking, which is consistent with the results of the verbal fluency research on English and Portuguese languages. However, the letter F did not meet these results. Meanwhile, for semantic fluency, animal naming seems to be the most frequently used verbal fluency stimuli in many languages. This preliminary research is expected to be a good starting point to explore many aspects of verbal fluency for Indonesian that have not been answered yet.
Post‐traumatic stress disorder assessment with a structured interview: reliability and concordance with a standardized clinical interview

Epidemiologic studies of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have used the PTSD module of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview (DIS) in its various editions and modifications. Although the diagnoses of numerous disorders made by the DIS or the WHO – Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), which is modelled on the DIS, have been compared to clinical diagnoses, little is known about the performance of these instruments in diagnosing PTSD. In this study, we examine the test–retest reliability of a modified version of the PTSD section of the DIS‐IV and the CIDI 2.1 and compare it with an independently conducted clinical interview in the 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma, an epidemio‐logical study of a representative sample of 2181 persons. A blind readministration of the structured interview was conducted by a lay interviewer 12–18 months after the initial interview, on 32 respondents classified as PTSD cases in the initial interview and on 23 non‐cases who reported exposure to trauma. The clinical reappraisal was conducted blindly by two psychiatric social workers, using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM‐IV (CAPS‐DX). The data were weighted to adjust for the oversampling of cases and the differential probabilities of selection of traumatic events across respondents with different numbers of events. The test–retest consistency of the structured interview was a kappa of 0.62 and an odds ratio of 42.5. The comparison of the structured interview with the clinical reappraisal showed agreement in 81% of the assessed sample. Positive predicted value was 0.75, negative predictive value was 0.97, and the odds ratio was 94.8 (all weighted values). Discrepant cases were mostly ‘false positives’ and, of these, the majority were subthreshold cases missing only one symptom in the CAPS‐DX. Copyright © 1998 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Attractors and Arithmetic

We consider attractor varieties arising in the construction of dyonic black holes in Calabi-Yau compactifications of IIB string theory. We show that the attractor varieties are constructed from products of elliptic curves with complex multiplication for $\CN=4,8$ compactifications. The heterotic dual theories are related to rational conformal field theories. The emergence of curves with complex multiplication suggests many interesting connections between arithmetic and string theory. This paper is a brief overview of a longer companion paper entitled ``Arithmetic and Attractors,'' hep-th/9807087.
Partners and Rivals: Representation in U.S. Senate Delegations. By Wendy J. Schiller. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. 199p. $49.50 cloth, $18.95 paper

Within the past five years, the scholarly literature on the U.S. Senate has been immeasurably enriched by the appearance of a half-dozen books that are noteworthy, not merely for the quality of the research involved but for the perspective they share. Directing their attention to different features of the institution, all emphasize what is truly distinctive about the Senate. In spite of powerful evidence that the hardedged partisanship that has long been a feature of the House has made strong inroads in the Senate, and in the face of evidence provided by Barbara Sinclair's Unorthodox Lawmaking (1997) and others that Senate leadership, at least in the postcommittee phase of legislation, has gotten more muscular in the manner of party leaders in the House, the two chambers are in no danger of becoming indistinguishable one from the other anytime soon.
Structural diversity of ABC transporters

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters form a large superfamily of ATP-dependent protein complexes that mediate transport of a vast array of substrates across membranes. The 14 currently available structures of ABC transporters have greatly advanced insight into the transport mechanism and revealed a tremendous structural diversity. Whereas the domains that hydrolyze ATP are structurally related in all ABC transporters, the membrane-embedded domains, where the substrates are translocated, adopt four different unrelated folds. Here, we review the structural characteristics of ABC transporters and discuss the implications of this structural diversity for mechanistic diversity.
Three-dimensional greedy anti-void routing for wireless sensor networks

Due to the low-cost design nature of greedy-based routing algorithms, it is considered feasible to adopt this type of schemes within the three-dimensional (3D) wireless sensor networks. In the existing research work, the unreachability problem (i.e., the so-called void problem) resulting from the greedy routing algorithms has not been fully resolved, especially under the 3D environment. In this letter, a three-dimensional greedy anti-void routing (3D-GAR) protocol is proposed to solve the 3D void problem by exploiting the boundary finding technique for the unit ball graph (UBG). The proposed 3D rolling-ball UBG boundary traversal (3D-RUT) scheme is employed to guarantee the delivery of packets from the source to the destination node. The correctness proofs, protocol implementation, and performance evaluation for the proposed 3D-GAR protocol are also given in this letter.
Olfactory Coding in a Compound Nose: Coexpression of Odorant‐Binding Proteins in Drosophila a

ABSTRACT: Odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) are small, soluble proteins present in the aqueous medium surrounding olfactory receptor neurons. Their function in olfaction is unknown: they have been proposed to facilitate the transit of hydrophobic molecules to olfactory receptors, to deactivate the odorant stimulus, and/or to play a role in chemosensory coding. We have examined the genomic organization and expression patterns of two olfactory‐specific genes (OS‐E and OS‐F) of Drosophila melanogaster, the products of which are members of a protein family in Drosophila sharing sequence similarity with moth OBPs. We found that the OS‐E and OS‐F transcription units are located <1 kb apart. They are oriented in the same direction and display a similar intron‐exon organization. Expression of both OS‐E and OS‐F proteins is spatially restricted to the ventro‐lateral region of the Drosophila antenna. Within this region, both OS‐E and OS‐F proteins are expressed within two different types of sensory hairs: in most, if not all, sensilla trichodea and in ∼40% of the interspersed small sensilla basiconica. We consistently observe that OS‐E and OS‐F are coexpressed, indicating that an individual sensillum can contain more than one odorant‐binding protein. This finding has potential implications for the roles of odorant‐binding proteins in olfactory coding.
Goal interdependence and leader‐member relationship for cross‐cultural leadership in foreign ventures in China

Purpose – This study seeks to empirically examine the impact of goal interdependence and leader‐member relationship on cross‐cultural leadership in joint ventures in China.Design/methodology/approach – The research question is how to facilitate leader‐member relationships between foreign managers and Chinese employees in joint ventures in China. Two hypotheses were generated. This study applies the theory of cooperation and competition and the theory of LMX to develop responses to the research questions. Completed survey questionnaires were analyzed on a valid sample of 199.Findings – Results supported the theorizing that cooperative goals between managers and employees can strengthen their leader‐member relationships, which in turn facilitate cross‐cultural leadership. The results also extended this theorizing to cross‐cultural settings.Research limitations/implications – Although the theory of cooperation and competition and the theory of LMX were developed in the West, they could be useful in Chinese c.
Indoor Residual Spraying of Insecticide and Malaria Morbidity in a High Transmission Intensity Area of Uganda

Background Recently the use of indoor residual spraying of insecticide (IRS) has greatly increased in Africa; however, limited data exist on the quantitative impacts of IRS on health outcomes in highly malaria endemic areas. Methodology/Principal Findings Routine data were collected on more than 90,000 patient visits at a single health facility over a 56 month period covering five rounds of IRS using three different insecticides. Temporal associations between the timing of IRS and the probability of a patient referred for microscopy having laboratory confirmed malaria were estimated controlling for seasonality and age. Considering patients less than five years of age there was a modest decrease in the odds of malaria following the 1st round of IRS using DDT (OR = 0.76, p<0.001) and the 2nd round using alpha-cypermethrin (OR = 0.83, p = 0.002). Following rounds 3–5 using bendiocarb there was a much greater decrease in the odds of malaria (ORs 0.34, 0.16, 0.17 respectively, p<0.001 for all comparisons). Overall, the impact of IRS was less pronounced among patients 5 years or older. Conclusions/Significance IRS was associated with a reduction in malaria morbidity in an area of high transmission intensity in Uganda and the benefits appeared to be greatest after switching to a carbamate class of insecticide.
What to do after a fight? The determinants and inter-dependency of post-conflict interactions in chimpanzees

Primates resolve conflicts through post-conflict interactions (PCI). However, the occurrence of different PCI in relation to one another is not well understood. Furthermore, the factors influencing the occurrence of PCI are rarely addressed together, and thereby their relative impact is usually ignored. We investigated the occurrence and interrelatedness of five PCI, namely reconciliation, further (or redirected) aggression, third-party affiliation, third-party aggression and 'no PCI' in captive chimpanzees. Most PCI were found to occur independently from each other. Reconciliation was determined by relationship attributes between the opponents. Further aggression was mainly determined by directionality and intensity of conflicts. Opponents received third-party affiliation most often when they were likely to redirect aggression to third parties, although in aggressees this aspect was less clear than in aggressors. The predictors for third-party aggression and 'no PCI' remained unclear or insignificant. Overall, the results indicate that (1) most PCI do not directly depend on one another and that (2) the conflict opponents and the bystanders each make their own 'decisions' about which PCI to employ depending on specific conflict characteristics, the conflict outcome and the relationship attributes among the opponents. This study emphasises the multidimensionality of primate conflict resolution.
Online Appendix 1: Gender Identity and Childhood Gender Nonconformity

Notes: Childhood Gender Nonconformity yielded a continuous score with 282 discrete values. Scores were standardized within sexes with higher scores being perfectly gender conformant. Adult Gender Identity raw values ranged from 0 to 7 and were standardized within sexes with higher scores being perfectly gender conformant. In order to simplify the table, the values were grouped by standard deviations from the mean (sd). Distributions are similar for males and females. AGI is correlated . 22 (p<.01) with Sex, while CGN is only weakly related (.03) to Sex (p<.05).
REPRESENT ONLY PLACEBO THERAPIES ?

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is “something you heard about from your hairdresser, who thinks she saw it on Oprah—a category that . includes acupuncture, homeopathy, healing magnets and assorted herbs and supplements. ” This is a quote from Jerry Adler’s editorial in the December 1, 2007, issue of Newsweek titled, “A Big Dose of Skepticism. ” The editorial represents a strong “shot across the bow” of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) at the National Institutes of Health as well as the tens of thousands of licensed CAM practitioners and millions of their patients who regularly employ what have been termed “CAM therapies. ” Mr Adler states that his 2008 resolution as a medical writer is to “not report on any new treatments for anything, unless they were tested in large, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials published in high-quality peer-reviewed medical journals. ” He takes his lead in this advocacy from the recent book, Snake Oil Science: The Truth About Complementary and Alternative Medicine by R. Barker Bausell, PhD. In essence, Bausell makes a strong case using his background as a former director of research for the University of Maryland’s Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine that all CAM therapies have an impact on health only by placebo-related effects. He bases his conclusions on the effi cacy of CAM therapies on the following 5 criteria: 1. Studies of CAM therapies that show benefi t beyond placebo effects have not been done well, whereas studies of CAM therapies that are methodologically sound have not demonstrated benefi t beyond placebo. 2. Scientists and clinicians engaged in either the administration or study of CAM therapies have an inherent bias in support of the positive nature of the therapies, and therefore their conclusions are suspect. 3. Scientists and clinicians associated with CAM therapies do not understand methodological issues in the science of clinical trials such as the placebo effect, attrition/drop-out, the natural history of the disease in question, the Hawthorne effect, regression to the mean, or statistical methods of analysis. 4. No scientific mechanism of action for the validity of CAM therapies has been proven beyond that of the known mechanism of action of the placebo effect. 5. There is a lack of understanding of the concept of parsimony (ie, Occam’s razor) that results in unusual and unproven mechanisms beyond placebo effect to be ascribed to CAM therapies.
Sao Paulo potential as a tool for calculating S factors of fusion reactions in dense stellar matter

The goal of this paper is to test and justify the use of the Sao Paulo potential model for calculating astrophysical S factors for reactions involving stable and neutron-rich nuclei. In particular, we focus on the theoretical description of S factors at low energies. This is important for evaluating the reaction rates in dense stellar matter. We calculate the S factors for a number of reactions ({sup 16}O+{sup 16}O, {sup 20}O+{sup 20}O, {sup 20}O+{sup 26}Ne, {sup 20}O+{sup 32}Mg, {sup 26}Ne+{sup 26}Ne, {sup 26}Ne+{sup 32}Mg, {sup 32}Mg+{sup 32}Mg, {sup 22}O+{sup 22}O, {sup 24}O+{sup 24}O) with the Sao Paulo potential in the framework of a one-dimensional barrier penetration model. This approach can be easily applied for many other reactions involving different isotopes. To test the consistency of the model predictions, we compare our calculations with those performed within the coupled-channels and fermionic molecular dynamics models. Calculated S factors are parametrized by a simple analytic formula. The main properties and uncertainties of reaction rates (appropriate to dense matter in cores of massive white dwarfs and crusts of accreting neutron stars) are outlined.
Hedonism or empathy?: Hard‐to‐manage children's moral awareness and links with cognitive and maternal characteristics

Disruptive children have long been thought to show hedonistic rather than empathic attitudes to moral dilemmas, but accounts of what underlies this stance vary in different theoretical perspectives. Candidate factors include: general problems in verbal reasoning, specific delays in social understanding, reduced affective responsiveness and control, and negative parental influences. The present study is novel in examining each of these factors in a preschool-aged sample of disruptive children. In addition, interview assessments of moral awareness were compared with real-life observations of peer interactions to examine the ecological validity of such tasks. The study is also unusual in adopting a longitudinal design: the stability of group differences in moral awareness and its correlates was examined across a 2-year period spanning the transition to school. At age 4, 40 hard-to-manage children and their typically developing peers received a moral judgments and justifications interview and were filmed playing with a friend (Slomkowski & Killen, 1992). At age 6, the two groups completed a moral-stories task (Arsenio & Fleiss, 1996). Significant group differences were found at both time points; these differences showed stable relations with each of the correlates above, although the relation between interview measures of moral awareness and real-life behaviour was rather more complex. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that disruptive children show early and multi-faceted problems in socio-moral reasoning, that are associated with difficulties in their family and peer relationships.
On the benefits of the block-sparsity structure in sparse signal recovery

We study the problem of support recovery of block-sparse signals, where nonzero entries occur in clusters, via random noisy measurements. By drawing analogy between the problem of block-sparse signal recovery and the problem of communication over Gaussian multi-input and single-output multiple access channel, we derive the sufficient and necessary condition under which exact support recovery is possible. Based on the results, we show that block-sparse signals can reduce the number of measurements required for exact support recovery, by at least `1/(block size)', compared to conventional or scalar-sparse signals. The minimum gain is guaranteed by increased signal to noise power ratio (SNR) and reduced effective number of entries (i.e., not individual elements but blocks) that are dominant at low SNR and at high SNR, respectively. When the correlation between the elements of each nonzero block is low, a larger gain than `1/(block size)' is expected due to, so called, diversity effect, especially in the moderate and low SNR regime.
Addressing the Challenges for Otolaryngology Research to Inform Patient Care and Outcomes.

Eight years ago, Chalmers and Glasziou1 estimated that nearly 85% of the public and private monies spent on biomedical research were wasted because of inadequately produced and reported research, thereby slowing improvement in patient care. There have been significant efforts made to remedy these issues, yet they persist because the underlying problems have not been corrected. In this issue of JAMA Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, Mandavia et al2 describe cumulative gaps in evidence for the indications for and efficacy of tonsillectomy during the past 40 years despite considerable investment in time and resources. The authors suggest that their findings and recommendations will help produce research that is more useful to policy makers. In this editorial, we outline 6 themes that we believe impede advances in the care of otolaryngology patients, expanding on the ideas put forth by Chalmers and Glasziou.1 The 4 themes are (1) excess focus on basic explicative science research; (2) not asking the right clinical research questions (questions that are relevant to patients and clinicians); (3) poorly designed or executed research; (4) not publishing completed research; (5) incorrect, unclear, or biased reporting of research; and (6) failure to disseminate and implement important findings (Figure). We believe that if otolaryngology researchers and clinicians, funders, and policy makers addressed these thematic areas systematically, it would lead directly to improvements in patient outcomes.