Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ballistic transport and surface scattering in (In,Ga)As-InP heterostructure narrow channels

Narrow conduction channels are fabricated from an In0.75Ga0. 25As-InP heterostructure using electron-beam lithography and dry etching. The etched surface is realized to be smooth by employing a reactive ion etching. The etching-induced surface conduction is eliminated by removing the damaged surface layer using a diluted HCl solution. The negligible surface depletion for the In-rich quantum well enables to create conducting channels in arbitrary geometries such as in a circular shape. We evidence the presence of a ballistic contribution in the electron transport by demonstrating a rectification of rf excitations that is achieved by the magnetic-field-tuned transmission asymmetry in the circularly-shaped channels. The absence of the surface depletion is shown to cause, on the other hand, a surface scattering for the electrons confined in the channels. An increase of the resistance, including its anomalous enhancement at low temperatures, is induced by the gas molecules attached to the sidewalls of the channels. We also report a large persistent photoconduction, which occurs as a parallel conduction in the undoped InP barrier layer.
Aventures et mésaventures de la créativité chez les débutants

Dans le cadre du cours d’initiation a la traduction professionnelle a l’Universite de Montreal, avec pour fondement la theorie fonctionnelle de Nord (1991, 1997), nous nous sommes donne comme objectif general d’apprentissage l’affranchissement de la litteralite et comme strategie d’enseignement la stimulation de la creativite. Afin d’evaluer les resultats de cette approche « creative », nous avons compare les performances d’une quarantaine d’etudiants en debut d’apprentissage et a l’issue de 45 heures d’enseignement. L’analyse d’erreurs a revele, comme il etait somme toute normal de s’y attendre, un nombre de fautes de langue et de sens considerablement moindre dans l’exercice de fin de cours. Toutefois, des fautes d’un nouvel ordre apparaissent comme consequence de l’application de certains principes theoriques fonctionnalistes. La presente etude examine et illustre les tenants et les aboutissants de l’adoption d’une approche theorique comme la notre dans un cours d’initiation a la traduction professionnelle.
Real-Time PCR Quantification of 87 miRNAs from Cerebrospinal Fluid: miRNA Dynamics and Association with Extracellular Vesicles after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is an intracranial damage triggered by external force, most commonly due to falls and traffic accidents. The initial brain injury can progress into a secondary injury involving numerous pathophysiological processes. The resulting sTBI dynamics makes the treatment challenging and prompts the improved understanding of underlying intracranial processes. Here, we analysed how extracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) are affected by sTBI. We collected thirty-five cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from five sTBI patients during twelve days (d) after the injury and combined them into d1–2, d3–4, d5–6 and d7–12 CSF pools. After miRNA isolation and cDNA synthesis with added quantification spike-ins, we applied a real-time PCR-array targeting 87 miRNAs. We detected all of the targeted miRNAs, with totals ranging from several nanograms to less than a femtogram, with the highest levels found at d1–2 followed by decreasing levels in later CSF pools. The most abundant miRNAs were miR-451a, miR-16-5p, miR-144-3p, miR-20a-5p, let-7b-5p, miR-15a-5p, and miR-21-5p. After separating CSF by size-exclusion chromatography, most miRNAs were associated with free proteins, while miR-142-3p, miR-204-5p, and miR-223-3p were identified as the cargo of CD81-enriched extracellular vesicles, as characterised by immunodetection and tunable resistive pulse sensing. Our results indicate that miRNAs might be informative about both brain tissue damage and recovery after sTBI.
ELECTRON TRANSPORT IN STRONGLY CORRELATED NANOSTRUCTURES

We present a short review on electron transport in strongly correlated nanostructures, quantum dots in particular. We describe briefly the main correlation effects, namely the Coulomb blockade and Kondo effect, and introduce three widely used numerical techniques to study these effects. We then give a brief summary of some more elaborate set-ups where two or more effects compete, making the transport properties very interesting to study. In particular, we report the cases of multilevel quantum dots, carbon nanotube based quantum dots, and quantum dots coupled by RKKY interaction.
A Unified Approach to Likelihood Inference on Stochastic Orderings in a Nonparametric Context

Abstract For data in a two-way contingency table with ordered margins, we consider various hypotheses of stochastic orders among the conditional distributions considered by rows and show that each is equivalent to requiring that an invertible transformation of the vectors of conditional row probabilities satisfies an appropriate set of linear inequalities. This leads to the construction of a general algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation under multinomial sampling and provides a simple framework for deriving the asymptotic distribution of log-likelihood ratio tests. The usual stochastic ordering and the so called uniform and likelihood ratio orderings are considered as special cases. In particular, for each of these three orderings we determine the transformation required to apply the estimation algorithm; we then consider testing the hypothesis that the rows are identically distributed against the alternative that they are stochastically ordered, as well as testing each stochastic order against an u.
Assessment of Low-Density Force Myography Armband for Classification of Upper Limb Gestures

Using force myography (FMG) to monitor volumetric changes in limb muscles is a promising and effective alternative for controlling bio-robotic prosthetic devices. In recent years, there has been a focus on developing new methods to improve the performance of FMG technology in the control of bio-robotic devices. This study aimed to design and evaluate a novel low-density FMG (LD-FMG) armband for controlling upper limb prostheses. The study investigated the number of sensors and sampling rate for the newly developed LD-FMG band. The performance of the band was evaluated by detecting nine gestures of the hand, wrist, and forearm at varying elbow and shoulder positions. Six subjects, including both fit and amputated individuals, participated in this study and completed two experimental protocols: static and dynamic. The static protocol measured volumetric changes in forearm muscles at the fixed elbow and shoulder positions. In contrast, the dynamic protocol included continuous motion of the elbow and shoulder joints. The results showed that the number of sensors significantly impacts gesture prediction accuracy, with the best accuracy achieved on the 7-sensor FMG band arrangement. Compared to the number of sensors, the sampling rate had a lower influence on prediction accuracy. Additionally, variations in limb position greatly affect the classification accuracy of gestures. The static protocol shows an accuracy above 90% when considering nine gestures. Among dynamic results, shoulder movement shows the least classification error compared to elbow and elbow–shoulder (ES) movements.
Climatology of the vertical distribution of ozone over Aspendale (38°S 145°)

Data from the first eight years (1965–73) of an ozone sounding programme at Aspendale, Victoria, have been analysed. the mean annual cycle is compared with that derived from similar data from the northern hemisphere. Close agreement is found at similar latitudes in the two hemispheres for the stratosphere at and below the primary ozone maximum, whereas in the free troposphere there is a much smaller seasonal variation in the southern than in the northern hemisphere. There appears to be a marginally higher ozone concentration around the 10 mb region in the northern as compared with the southern summer. The variance about the overall mean vertical distribution has been partitioned between various time scales. the seasonal contribution dominates the variance around the level of the primary ozone maximum, with substantial contributions also in the stratosphere at lower altitudes. the synoptic and other shorter timescale variance (including instrumental ‘noise’) is low above the 50 mb level, where ozone and pressure sensors are least reliable, but it exceeds the seasonal contribution below 70 mb. This suggests that the maximum contribution of the shorter timescales to the variance around the 100 mb level is largely synoptic in character. Significant linear trends in the data are discussed briefly. No evidence for quasi-biennial or 10 to 11 year solar cycle periodicities is found but significant correlations between ozone variations and the position of the subtropical surface high pressure belt (Pittock's L index) are shown to occur in the stratosphere at and below the level of 50 mb.
Measurement of the bowing parameters in violin playing. II: Bow–bridge distance, dynamic range, and limits of bow force

A method is described that allows measurement of the bowing parameters in violin playing under normal conditions. The measured parameters include bow position, bow velocity, bow–bridge distance, and bow force. The use of the method is illustrated by registrations of typical bowing patterns (sustained notes, scales, crescendo–diminuendo, sforzando, and saltellato). The examples are analyzed with a focus on the players’ use of the bow–bridge distance and bow velocity in controlling the dynamic level. The correspondence between predicted and observed changes in the dynamic level is discussed, as well as the safety margins in bow force. The measurement method is a development of equipment earlier described [A. Askenfelt, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 80. 1007–1015 (1986)].
How ambient temperature affects the heading date of foxtail millet (Setaria italica)

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica), a short-day plant, is one of the important crops for food security encountering climate change, particularly in regions where it is a staple food. Under the short-day condition in Taiwan, the heading dates (HDs) of foxtail millet accessions varied by genotypes and ambient temperature (AT). The allelic polymorphisms in flowering time (FT)–related genes were associated with HD variations. AT, in the range of 13°C–30°C that was based on field studies at three different latitudes in Taiwan and observations in the phytotron at four different AT regimes, was positively correlated with growth rate, and high AT promoted HD. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of foxtail millet HD, the expression of 14 key FT-related genes in four accessions at different ATs was assessed. We found that the expression levels of SiPRR95, SiPRR1, SiPRR59, SiGhd7-2, SiPHYB, and SiGhd7 were negatively correlated with AT, whereas the expression levels of SiEhd1, SiFT11, and SiCO4 were positively correlated with AT. Furthermore, the expression levels of SiGhd7-2, SiEhd1, SiFT, and SiFT11 were significantly associated with HD. A coexpression regulatory network was identified that shown genes involved in the circadian clock, light and temperature signaling, and regulation of flowering, but not those involved in photoperiod pathway, interacted and were influenced by AT. The results reveal how gene × temperature and gene × gene interactions affect the HD in foxtail millet and could serve as a foundation for breeding foxtail millet cultivars for shift production to increase yield in response to global warming.
Higher‐order corrections to the axisymmetric interactions of nearly touching spheres

Two unequal spheres are immersed in an axisymmetric low‐Reynolds‐number flow and are separated by a small nondimensional distance e. The forces and stresslets exerted by the spheres on the fluid are calculated asymptotically to O(e ln e), in order to improve the convergence of numerical calculations of the same quantities. The main obstacle to the extension to O(e ln e) was the breakdown of the usual lubrication approach at higher orders in e. The method adopted here obtains expressions for the functions of immediate interest, but does so by postponing the resolution of the fundamental difficulties until a higher order in e.
Uncovering the mechanism of Kang-ai injection for treating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro validation

Objective: Kang-ai injection (KAI) has been a popular adjuvant treatment for solid tumors, but its anti-tumor mechanism in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains poorly understood. This study applied a network pharmacology-based approach to unveil KAI’s anti-tumor activity, key targets, and potential pharmacological mechanism in ICC by integrating molecular docking and in vitro validation. Methods: The KAI-compound-target-ICC network was constructed to depict the connections between active KAI compounds and ICC-related targets based on the available data sources. The crucial ingredients, potential targets, and signaling pathways were screened using GO, KEGG enrichment analysis, and the PPI network. Molecular docking was performed to visualize the interactions between hub targets and components. In vitro experiments were carried out to validate the findings. Results: Among the 87 active components of KAI and 80 KAI-ICC-related targets, bioinformatics analysis identified quercetin as a possible candidate. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway might be essential in ICC pharmacotherapy. The PPI network and its sub-networks screened 10 core target genes, including AKT1 and IL1β. Molecular docking results showed stable binding between AKT1 and IL1β with KAI active ingredients. The in vitro experiments confirmed that KAI might suppress the proliferation of ICC cell lines by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, consistent with the network pharmacology approach and molecular docking predictions. Conclusion: The study sheds light on KAI’s biological activity, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms in treating ICC and provides a promising strategy for understanding the scientific basis and therapeutic mechanisms of herbal treatments for ICC. This research has important implications for developing new, targeted therapies for ICC and highlights the importance of network pharmacology-based approaches in investigating complex herbal formulations.
Prevalence of Campylobacter spp. on retail fresh chicken carcasses in Hanoi, Vietnam

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. on fresh chicken carcasses at retail markets in four selected urban districts in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 107 chicken carcass samples were collected. Campylobacter spp. was found on 44 chicken carcasses and accounted for a prevalence of 41.1%. Among the Campylobacter species detected, C. coli was the predominant Campylobacter spp. , being detected in 24 of the 44 samples, followed by C. jejuni, detected in 19 of 44 samples. One carcass was positive for both C. jejuni and C. coli. The high prevalence of zoonotic C. jejuni and C.coli on chicken carcasses emphasizes the need to enhance awareness of the public and relevant stakeholders on food safety and foodborne diseases in Vietnam.
Joint Task Offloading and Resource Allocation for Device-Edge-Cloud Collaboration With Subtask Dependencies

With more computational intensive applications deployed involving mobile edge computing (MEC), the collaboration among mobile devices, edge and cloud servers becomes an effective mechanism to fully utilize all available distributed computing resources. However, two main challenges have yet to be addressed to enable this three-way collaboration for securing necessary computational resources and further guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS) of task handling. The first challenge is related to the partitioning of an application task into several dependent subtasks and schedule them among the collaborating device-edge-cloud (DEC). The second is focused on the allocation of necessary computing resources of device, edge and cloud servers for effective subtask handling. To this end, we study the joint task offloading and resource allocation for DEC collaboration in this paper by formulating a new optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the task handling latency. To solve this problem, we decompose the original problem into two subproblems, which include the first one of calculating the optimal task partitioning ratio by mathematical analytical method, as well as the second on using the Lagrangian dual (LD) method for obtaining the optimal task offloading and resource allocation policy. Finally, we conduct simulation experiments on a real-life dataset obtained from the central business district (CBD) of Melbourne, Australia, and the experimental results validate the efficacy of our approach in minimizing latency.
High Protein Intake at Lunch Is Negatively Associated with Blood Pressure in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The present study was conducted to explore the association between protein intake across the main meals and hypertension (HTN)-related parameters in community-dwelling Brazilian older adults. Methods: Brazilian community-dwelling older adults were recruited in a senior center. Dietary habits were assessed through 24 h recall. Protein intake was classified as high and low according to median and recommended dietary allowance values. Absolute and body weight (BW)–adjusted protein consumption levels were quantified and analyzed according to ingestion across the main meals. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured using an oscilometric monitor. Participants were categorized as hypertensive according to physician diagnosis or the detection of high SBP and/or DBP values. Results: One hundred ninety-seven older adults were enrolled in the present study. Protein intake at lunch was independently and negatively associated with SBP. Furthermore, a lower prevalence of HTN (diagnosed by a physician) was observed in participants with higher intakes of protein. These results remained significant after adjustment for many covariates. However, significance was lost when kilocalories and micronutrients were included in the model. Conclusions: Findings of the present study indicate that protein intake at lunch was independently and negatively associated with systolic BP in community-dwelling older adults.
Fototerapia no tratamento da mucosite oral: uma revisão de literatura

Introdução: A mucosite oral é uma complicação frequente, originada a partir da quimioterapia e radioterapia utilizadas no tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem por objetivo relatar as características da mucosite oral e o efeito da fototerapia no tratamento desta condição. Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados eletrônicas Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed e Scielo. A estratégia de busca foi baseada na pesquisa dos descritores "LLLT", "Low-Level Laser Therapy", "Light, phototherapy", "phototherapy", "Photobiomodulation Therapy" "Photobiostimulation Laser Irradiation", "Laser", "Mucositis" e "Oral Mucositis". Resultados: Após a análise dos artigos completos, 22 artigos foram considerados adequados para serem incluídos na revisão, sendo um publicado em 2012 (4,5%), um em 2013 (4,5%), dois em 2015 (9,1%), dois em 2016 (9,1%), quatro em 2017 (18,2%), nove em 2018 (40,9%) e três em 2019 (13,7%). Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que a laserterapia é eficaz na prevenção e tratamento da mucosite oral induzida por quimioradioterapia, reduzindo a dor e promovendo a cicatrização tecidual. Descritores: Mucosite oral. Fototerapia. Laser. Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade.
BERTCWS: unsupervised multi-granular Chinese word segmentation based on a BERT method for the geoscience domain

ABSTRACT Unlike alphabet-based languages such as English, the Chinese language has no specifying word boundaries. Segmentation, particularly for the Chinese language, is a fundamental step towards Chinese text processing, information retrieval, and knowledge discovery. In the geoscience domain, most existing Chinese word segmentation tools/models require a prespecified dictionary and a large amount of relevant training corpus, and the segmentation accuracies drop significantly when processing out-domain situations using these same methods. To address this issue, a purely unsupervised and generic two-stage architecture (named BERTCWS) for domain-specific Chinese word segmentation is proposed. We first design an incidence matrix termed the ‘character combination tightness’ to calculate the closeness between characters. Then, BERTCWS recognizes geoscience terms based on a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)-based segmenter, and multi-granular segmentation is generated by setting different thresholds. Finally, the discriminator is constructed to validate the correctness of the segmented words. Our numerical study demonstrates that BERTCWS can identify both general-domain terms and geoscience-domain terms. Additionally, multi-granular segmentation could be applied to offer a set of potential geoscience terms of various lengths.
Inter-individual Differences in Cell Composition across the Ventricular Wall May Explain Variability in ECG Response to Serum Potassium and Calcium Variations

Non-invasive monitoring of serum potassium <tex>$([\mathrm{K}^{+}])$</tex> and calcium <tex>$[\text{Ca}^{2+}]$</tex> concentration can help to prevent arrhythmia in kidney patients. Current electrocardiogram (ECG) markers, including the T wave width <tex>$(T_{\mathrm{w}})$</tex> and its time-warped temporal morphological variability <tex>$(d_{\mathrm{w}}^{\mathrm{U}})$</tex>, correlate significantly with <tex>$[\mathrm{K}^{+}]$</tex> and <tex>$[\text{Ca}^{2+}]$</tex> but these relations vary strongly between patients. We hypothesized that inter-individual differences in cell type distribution across the ventricular wall can explain this variability. We computed <tex>$T_{\mathrm{w}}$</tex> and <tex>$d_{\mathrm{w}}^{\mathrm{U}}$</tex> in simulated ECGs from a human heart-torso model at different proportions of endo-, mid-, and epicardial cells, while varying <tex>$[\mathrm{K}^{+}]$</tex> (3 to 6.2 mM) and <tex>$[\text{Ca}^{2+}]\ (1.4$</tex> to 3.2 mM). Electrical activity was simulated with a reaction-diffusion model with modified Ten Tusscher-Panfilov dynamics. Results were compared to data from 29 patients. <tex>$T_{\mathrm{w}}$</tex> and <tex>$d_{\mathrm{w}}^{\mathrm{U}}$</tex> correlated strongly with <tex>$[\mathrm{K}^{+}]$</tex> (absolute median Pearson coefficient <tex>$r=0.70$</tex> to 0.93) and <tex>$[\text{Ca}^{2+}] (r=0.69$</tex> to 0.86) in simulations and in patients. Different cell type distributions reproduced inter-patient variability, with the same sign and magnitude of <tex>$r$</tex>. In conclusion, the inter-patient variability in the relation between serum electrolytes and their ECG markers can indeed be explained by inter-individual differences in cell type distribution across the ventricular wall.