Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Fasciclin 2 morphogenetic switch organizes epithelial cell cluster polarity and motility

Little is known about how intercellular communication is regulated in epithelial cell clusters to control delamination and migration. We investigate this problem using Drosophila border cells as a model. We find that just preceding cell cluster delamination, expression of transmembrane immunoglobulin superfamily member, Fasciclin 2, is lost in outer border cells, but not in inner polar cells of the cluster. Loss of Fasciclin 2 expression in outer border cells permits a switch in Fasciclin 2 polarity in the inner polar cells. This polarity switch, which is organized in collaboration with neoplastic tumor suppressors Discs large and Lethal-giant-larvae, directs cluster asymmetry essential for timing delamination from the epithelium. Fas2-mediated communication between polar and border cells maintains localization of Discs large and Lethal-giant-larvae in border cells to inhibit the rate of cluster migration. These findings are the first to show how a switch in cell adhesion molecule polarity regulates asymmetry and delamination of an epithelial cell cluster. The finding that Discs large and Lethal-giant-larvae inhibit the rate of normal cell cluster movement suggests that their loss in metastatic tumors may directly contribute to tumor motility. Furthermore, our results provide novel insight into the intimate link between epithelial polarity and acquisition of motile polarity that has important implications for development of invasive carcinomas.
Different brain activation patterns in dyslexic children: evidence from EEG power and coherence patterns for the double-deficit theory of dyslexia.

AIMS QEEG and neuropsychological tests were used to investigate the underlying neural processes in dyslexia. METHODS A group of dyslexic children were compared with a matched control group from the Brain Resource International Database on measures of cognition and brain function (EEG and coherence). RESULTS The dyslexic group showed increased slow activity (Delta and Theta) in the frontal and right temporal regions of the brain. Beta-1 was specifically increased at F7. EEG coherence was increased in the frontal, central and temporal regions for all frequency bands. There was a symmetric increase in coherence for the lower frequency bands (Delta and Theta) and a specific right-temporocentral increase in coherence for the higher frequency bands (Alpha and Beta). Significant correlations were observed between subtests such as Rapid Naming Letters, Articulation, Spelling and Phoneme Deletion and EEG coherence profiles. DISCUSSION The results support the double-deficit theory of dyslexia and demonstrate that the differences between the dyslexia and control group might reflect compensatory mechanisms. INTEGRATIVE SIGNIFICANCE These findings point to a potential compensatory mechanism of brain function in dyslexia and helps to separate real dysfunction in dyslexia from acquired compensatory mechanisms.
Integrating multiple cues for spoken language understanding

As spoken language interfaces for real-world systems become a practical possibility, it has become apparent that such interfaces will need to draw on a variety of cues from diverse sources to achieve a robustness and naturalness approaching that of human performance [1]. However, our knowledge of how these cues behave in the aggregate is still tantalizingly sketchy. We lack a strong theoretical basis for predicting which cues will prove useful in practice and for specifying how these cues should be combined to signal or cancel out potential interpretations of the communicative signal. In the research program summarized here, we pro-pose to develop and test an initial theory of cue integration for spoken language interfaces. By establishing a principled basis for integrating knowledge sources for such interfaces, we believe that we can develop systems that perform better from a computer-human interaction standpoint.
Antitumor immunopreventive and immunotherapeutic effect in mice induced by hybrid vaccine of dendritic cells and hepatocarcinoma in vivo.

AIM To develop atumor vaccine by fusion of H22 hepatocarcinoma cells and DC, and to study its protective and therapeutical effect against H22 cell. METHODS H22-DC vaccine was produced by PEG fusion of H22 and DC induced by cytokine released from splenic mononuclear cells, sorted by CD11c magnetic microbead marker. It was injected through the tail vein of the mice and the H(22)-DC oncogenesis was detected in the liver, spleen and lung. In order to study the therapeutical and protective effect of H(22)-DC against tumor H(22), two groups were divided: immune group and therapeutic group. Immune group was further divided into P, D, HD and H subgroups, immunized by PBS, DC, H(22)-DC and inactivated H(22), respectively, and attacked by H(22) cell. The tumor size, tumor weight, mice survival time and tumor latent period were recorded and statistically analyzed; Therapeutical group was divided into three subgroups of P, D and HD, and attacked by H(22), then treated with PBS, DC, and H(22)-DC, respectively. Pathology and flow cytometry were also applied to study the mechanism how the H(22)-DC vaccine attacked on the H(22) cell. RESULTS 1. No oncogenesis was found in spleen, lung and liver after H22-DC injection. 2. Hybrid vaccine immunized mice had strongest CTL activity. 3. In the immune group, latent period was longer in HD subgroup than that in P, H and D subgroup; and tumor size and weight were smaller in HD subgroup than that in P, H and D subgroup. 4. In therapeutic group, tumor size was smaller in HD subgroup than that in P, D subgroup. CONCLUSION 1. H22-DC tumor vaccine is safe without oncogenesis in vivo. 2. Hybrid vaccine can stimulate potent specific CTL activity against H22. 3. H22-DC vaccine has distinctive prophylatic effect on tumor H22 and can inhibit the tumor growth.
A Wee Bit More Interaction: Designing and Evaluating an Overactive Bladder App

Overactive Bladder (OAB) is a widespread condition, affecting 20% of the population. Even though it is a treatable condition, people often do not seek treatment. In this paper, we describe how we co-designed and evaluated with 30 stakeholders (9 medical professionals and 21 end-users) an OAB mobile health application that aims to increase adherence to self-managed treatment. Our results support previous research that visualizing progress, setting goals, receiving reminders and feedback increases use. We discovered that games could be used successfully as a distraction technique for urge suppression. Contrary to the current research direction, automatically calculated features could be a detriment to app interaction. Regarding evaluation, we found that designers may not want to rely only on questionnaires when assessing the success of a game and its emotional impact on users.
Post-coronagraphic tip-tilt sensing for vortex phase masks: The QACITS technique

Context. Small inner working angle coronagraphs, such as the vortex phase mask, are essential to exploit the full potential of ground-based telescopes in the context of exoplanet detection and characterization. However, the drawback of this attractive feature is a high sensitivity to pointing errors, which degrades the performance of the coronagraph. Aims. We propose a tip-tilt retrieval technique based on the analysis of the final coronagraphic image, hereafter called Quadrant Analysis of Coronagraphic Images for Tip-tilt Sensing (QACITS). Methods. Under the assumption of small phase aberrations, we show that the behavior of the vortex phase mask can be simply described from the entrance pupil to the Lyot stop plane with Zernike polynomials. This convenient formalism is used to establish the theoretical basis of the QACITS technique. We performed simulations to demonstrate the validity and limits of the technique, including the case of a centrally obstructed pupil. Results. The QACITS technique principle is validated with experimental results in the case of an unobstructed circular aperture, as well as simulations in presence of a central obstruction. The typical configuration of the Keck telescope (24% central obstruction) has been simulated with additional high order aberrations. In these conditions, our simulations show that the QACITS technique is still adapted to centrally obstructed pupils and performs tip-tilt retrieval with a precision of 5 × 10-2λ/D when wavefront errors amount to λ/ 14 rms and 10-2λ/D for λ/ 70 rms errors (with λ the wavelength and D the pupil diameter). Conclusions. We have developed and demonstrated a tip-tilt sensing technique for vortex coronagraphs. The implementation of the QACITS technique is based on the analysis of the scientific image and does not require any modification of the original setup. Current facilities equipped with a vortex phase mask can thus directly benefit from this technique to improve the contrast performance close to the axis.
A Modular Computer Vision System for Picture Segmentation and Interpretation

The objective of a computer vision system is to outline the objects in a picture and label them with an appropriate interpretation. This paper proposes a new paradigm for a modular computer vision system which is both data directed and knowledge based. The system consists of three different types of units, two of which are associative data memories implemented as relational databases. The short-term memory (STM) contains the raw color picture data and the most current interpretations and deductions about the original scene. The long-term memory (LTM) contains a detailed model of the scene under consideration. A collection of analysis processors, each of which is specialized for a particular task, can communicate with both of these memories. The information in the LTM remains unchanged during the analysis, while the STM is being continually updated and revised by the appropriate processors. The latter may be conceived of as being activated by certain data conditions in the STM, and using the information in both the LTM and STM to alter the status of the STM.
Matrix modulation and heart failure: new concepts question old beliefs

Purpose of review Myocardial remodeling is a complex process involving several molecular and cellular factors. Extracellular matrix has been implicated in the remodeling process. Historically, the myocardial extracellular matrix was thought to serve solely as a means to align cells and provide structure to the tissue. Although this is one of its important functions, evidence suggests that the extracellular matrix plays a complex and divergent role in influencing cell behavior. This paper characterizes some of the notable studies on this dynamic entity and on adverse myocardial remodeling that have been published over the past year, which further question the belief that the extracellular matrix is a static structure. Recent findings Progress has been made in understanding how the extracellular matrix is operative in the three major conditions (myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy due to overload, and dilated cardiomyopathy) that involve myocardial remodeling. Several studies have examined plasma profiles of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases following myocardial infarction and during left ventricular hypertrophy as surrogate markers of remodeling/remodeled myocardium. It has been demonstrated that bioactive signaling molecules and growth factors, proteases, and structural proteins influence cell-matrix interactions in the context of left ventricular hypertrophy. Finally, studies that either removed or added tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases species in the myocardium demonstrated the importance of this regulatory protein in the remodeling process. Summary Understanding the cellular and molecular triggers that in turn give rise to changes in the extracellular matrix could provide opportunities to modify the remodeling process.
Requirement of the MRN complex for ATM activation by DNA damage

The ATM protein kinase is a primary activator of the cellular response to DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs). In response to DSBs, ATM is activated and phosphorylates key players in various branches of the DNA damage response network. ATM deficiency causes the genetic disorder ataxia‐telangiectasia (A‐T), characterized by cerebellar degeneration, immunodeficiency, radiation sensitivity, chromosomal instability and cancer predisposition. The MRN complex, whose core contains the Mre11, Rad50 and Nbs1 proteins, is involved in the initial processing of DSBs. Hypomorphic mutations in the NBS1 and MRE11 genes lead to two other genomic instability disorders: the Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) and A‐T like disease (A‐TLD), respectively. The order in which ATM and MRN act in the early phase of the DSB response is unclear. Here we show that functional MRN is required for ATM activation, and consequently for timely activation of ATM‐mediated pathways. Collectively, these and previous results assign to components of the MRN complex roles upstream and downstream of ATM in the DNA damage response pathway and explain the clinical resemblance between A‐T and A‐TLD.
Nonlinear model predictive control using a recurrent neural network

As linear model predictive control (MPC) becomes a standard technology, nonlinear MPC (NMPC) approach is debuting both in academia and industry. In this paper, the NMPC problem is formulated as a convex quadratic programming problem based on nonlinear model prediction and linearization. A recurrent neural network for NMPC is then applied for solving the quadratic programming problem. The proposed network is globally convergent to the optimal solution of the NMPC problem. Simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness and performance of the neural network approach.
A Microsoft Kinect Based Virtual Rehabilitation System

Virtual reality technology is currently widely applied in physical rehabilitation therapy. The ability to track joint positions for Microsoft Kinect might be useful for rehabilitation, both in clinical setting and at home. Currently, most systems developed for virtual rehabilitation and motor training require quite complex and expensive hardware and can be used only in clinical settings. Now, a low-cost rehabilitation game training system has been developed for patients with movement disorders, it is suitable for home use under the distant supervision of a therapist. This research explores the potential and the limitations of the Kinect in the application of e-rehabilitation. Commercial Kinect games present disadvantages that are mainly bounded to the fact that they are not developed for rehabilitation purposes. We evaluated the tools that could be used to help promote physical rehabilitation at home by reducing the frequency of hospital visits, resulting in the reduction of healthcare cost. A prototypic system has been developed for the evaluation of 5 different games, which are useful for e-rehabilitation. As we see from the result, it indicated a slightly positive outcome for the patients after got involved the treatment. Also the questionnaire outcome reveals that the designed exercises were perceived as effective and easy in operation.
Evaluating static analysis defect warnings on production software

Static analysis tools for software defect detection are becoming widely used in practice. However, there is little public information regarding the experimental evaluation of the accuracy and value of the warnings these tools report. In this paper, we discuss the warnings found by FindBugs, a static analysis tool that finds defects in Java programs. We discuss the kinds of warnings generated and the classification of warnings into false positives, trivial bugs and serious bugs. We also provide some insight into why static analysis tools often detect true but trivial bugs, and some information about defect warnings across the development lifetime of software release. We report data on the defect warnings in Sun's Java 6 JRE, in Sun's Glassfish JEE server, and in portions of Google's Java codebase. Finally, we report on some experiences from incorporating static analysis into the software development process at Google.
Exploiting large-scale check-in data to recommend time-sensitive routes

Location-based services allow users to perform geo-spatial check-in actions, which facilitates the mining of the moving activities of human beings. This paper proposes to recommend time-sensitive trip routes, consisting of a sequence of locations with associated time stamps, based on knowledge extracted from large-scale check-in data. Given a query location with the starting time, our goal is to recommend a time-sensitive route. We argue a good route should consider (a) the popularity of places, (b) the visiting order of places, (c) the proper visiting time of each place, and (d) the proper transit time from one place to another. By devising a statistical model, we integrate these four factors into a goodness function which aims to measure the quality of a route. Equipped with the goodness measure, we propose a greedy method to construct the time-sensitive route for the query. Experiments on Gowalla datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on detecting real routes and cloze test of routes, comparing with other baseline methods. We also develop a system TripRouter as a real-time demo platform.
Weak Roman domination in graphs

0(w) = f(w) if w 2 V − fu,vg, has no undefended vertex. The weight of f is w(f) = P v2V f(v). The weak Roman domination number, denoted by r(G), is the minimum weight of a WRDF in G. In this paper, we characterize the class of trees and split graphs for which r(G) = (G) and find r-value for a caterpillar, a 2 � n grid graph and a complete binary tree.
A framework for MAC layer wireless intrusion detection & response for smart grid applications

The next-generation electrical power system is focusing on reliable, automated, and secure power grid by using information and communication technology (ICT). To realize the new generation of power grid, the communication network is a decisive piece of the entire smart grid. Communication infrastructure in smart grids is a combination of both wired and wireless technologies. The salient features of wireless technology makes it attractive but the easy access to the radio medium in wireless communication increases the risk of security attacks. Consequently, the concern for cyber security has become an important issue to be addressed in a smart grid network. Intrusion detection and response to these intrusions in a timely manner is a way to improve system integrity. In this paper, we focus on a medium access control (MAC) layer intrusion detection system for wireless networks in smart grids. We propose a multi-level intrusion detection response system (IDRS) framework based on the perception of defense-in-depth. Through a simple simulation study, we verify the working of our proposed framework.
Polymer coated thin film plate acoustic resonators (FPAR) for gas sensing applications

Mass sensitivity of thin aluminum nitride (AlN) film S0 plate wave resonators is theoretically and experimentally studied. Here, two-port 888MHz synchronous thin film plate acoustic resonators (FPAR) are micromachined and subsequently coated with plasma-polymerized hexamethyldisiloxane (pp-HMDSO) thin films of various thicknesses. Systematic data on frequency shift and insertion loss versus film thickness are presented in a comparative manner. Measurements in gas phase environment are further presented in a comparative manner.
Modelling of the shoulder complex and application the design of upper extremities for humanoid robots

The classic industrial robot-arm does not need a shoulder in the anatomical sense: it is merely placed on a rotating trunk. The recent development of humanoid robots in which two arms must move laterally to a frame-trunk raises the question of integrating anthropomorphic shoulders. A rigorous analysis of the mobility of the so-called human shoulder complex is necessary in the design of robot shoulders. A kinematic model of the shoulder complex is discussed and its mobility derived. The consideration of a simple clavicle-based equivalent kinematic model has lead to highlight a serial nine d.o. f. anthropomorphic robot structure. By considering a fundamental kinematic model of a robot-arm including a clavicle-like link, it is shown how the elbow singularity can be limited to a restrictive zone of the reachable volume
Optimal partition of QoS requirements on unicast paths and multicast trees

We investigate the problem of optimal resource allocation for end to-end QoS requirements on unicast paths and multicast trees. Specifically, we consider a framework in which resource allocation is based on local QoS requirements at each network link, and associated with each link is a cost function that increases with the severity of the QoS requirement. Accordingly, the problem that we address is how to partition an end-to-end QoS requirement into local requirements, such that the overall cost is minimized. We establish efficient (polynomial) solutions for both unicast and multicast connections. These results provide the required foundations for the corresponding QoS routing schemes, which identify either paths or trees that lead to minimal overall cost. In addition, we show that our framework provides better tools for coping with other fundamental multicast problems, such as dynamic tree maintenance.
Simplifying cyber foraging for mobile devices

Cyber foraging is the transient and opportunistic use of compute servers bymobile devices. The short market life of such devices makes rapid modification of applications for remote execution an important problem. We describe a solution that combines a "little language" for cyber foraging with an adaptive runtime system. We report results from a user study showing that even novice developers are able to successfully modify large, unfamiliar applications in just a few hours. We also show that the quality of novice-modified and expert-modified applications are comparable in most cases.