Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VC dimension in circuit complexity

The main result of this paper is a /spl Omega/(n/sup 1/4/) lower bound on the size of a sigmoidal circuit computing a specific AC/sub 2//sup 0/ function. This is the first lower bound for the computation model of sigmoidal circuits with unbounded weights. We also give upper and lower bounds for the same function in a few other computation models: circuits of AND/OR gates, threshold circuits, and circuits of piecewise-rational gates.
Restoration of type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase expression in renal cancer cells downregulates oncoproteins and affects key metabolic pathways as well as anti-oxidative system

Type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO1) contributes to deiodination of 3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodo-L-thyronine (thyroxine, T4) yielding of 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine (T3), a powerful regulator of cell differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism. Our previous work showed that loss of DIO1 enhances proliferation and migration of renal cancer cells. However, the global effects of DIO1 expression in various tissues affected by cancer remain unknown. Here, the effects of stable DIO1 re-expression were analyzed on the proteome of renal cancer cells, followed by quantitative real-time PCR validation in two renal cancer-derived cell lines. DIO1-induced changes in intracellular concentrations of thyroid hormones were quantified by L-MS/MS and correlations between expression of DIO1 and potential target genes were determined in tissue samples from renal cancer patients. Stable re-expression of DIO1, resulted in 26 downregulated proteins while 59 proteins were overexpressed in renal cancer cells. The ‘downregulated’ group consisted mainly of oncoproteins (e.g. STAT3, ANPEP, TGFBI, TGM2) that promote proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, DIO1 re-expression enhanced concentrations of two subunits of thyroid hormone transporter (SLC7A5, SLC3A2), enzymes of key pathways of cellular energy metabolism (e.g. TKT, NAMPT, IDH2), sex steroid metabolism and anti-oxidative response (AKR1C2, AKR1B10). DIO1 expression resulted in elevated intracellular concentration of T4. Expression of DIO1-affected genes strongly correlated with DIO1 transcript levels in tissue samples from renal cancer patients as well as with their poor survival. This first study addressing effects of deiodinase re-expression on proteome of cancer cells demonstrates that induced DIO1 re-expression in renal cancer robustly downregulates oncoproteins, affects key metabolic pathways, and triggers proteins involved in anti-oxidative protection. This data supports the notion that suppressed DIO1 expression and changes in local availability of thyroid hormones might favor a shift from a differentiated to a more proliferation-prone state of cancer tissues and cell lines.
A microprogrammed keyword transformation unit for a database computer

The design of a microprogrammable microprocessor-based keyword transformation unit for a database computer(DBC) is described. The DBC, a specialized back-end computer capable of managing 109 - 1010 bytes of data, consists of two loops of memories and processors, the structure loop and the data loop, connected through a database command and control processor (DBCCP). The structure loop is used to retrieve and update the large amount (107 - 109 bytes) of structural information about the database from a structure memory (SM) at a rate commensurate with the database operations performed on the mass memory of the data loop. A keyword transformation unit (KXU) is therefore required to enhance the performance of the structure memory. The KXU encodes variable-length keywords into a fixed-length form by hashing. By managing a library of carefully designed hashing algorithms and by dynamically loading the algorithms in a writable control store for execution, the KXU allows the efficient storage of keywords and their associated information and minimizes subsequent accesses to the SM.
Sequentially designed compressed sensing

A sequential adaptive compressed sensing procedure for signal support recovery is proposed and analyzed. The procedure is based on the principle of distilled sensing, and makes used of sparse sensing matrices to perform sketching observations able to quickly identify irrelevant signal components. It is shown that adaptive compressed sensing enables recovery of weaker sparse signals than those that can be recovered using traditional non-adaptive compressed sensing approaches.
The role of N 2 -fixation to simulate the p CO 2 observations from the Baltic Sea

Measurements in the central Baltic Sea have shown that dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations in the upper water column continue to decrease even after complete depletion of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN). To explain this observation, a new external supply of nitrogen is required without a concomitant supply of inorganic carbon. The primary proposed candidate process is N 2 -fixation. In order to address this question in the eastern Gotland Sea, a biogeochemical model containing nine state variables including diatoms, flagellates, and nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria, was coupled to a 1D physical model. The results from the winter period until the onset of the spring bloom of 1997 gave reasonable surface water values for partial pressure of CO 2 ( p CO 2 ) compared with measurements of the p CO 2 . However, the model failed to simulate the observed p CO 2 drawdown for the period from the end of the spring bloom until late summer. Even after introducing a seasonal dissolved organic carbon (DOC) excess production and varying different process parameterization the simulated p CO 2 values did not improve. Only the shift from a sharp to a moderate temperature dependency in addition to an increase in the C:P ratio of the nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria made it possible for the model to match the p CO 2 observations. The resulting total nitrogen fixation (167 mmol m -2 a -1 ) exceeds previous measurement-based estimates but is in good agreement with recent rate measurement based estimates.
Envisioning future mobile spatial applications

This paper presents two empirical investigations of future applications of mobile spatial interaction, i.e. the use of mobile phones as pointers to the real world. In situated interviews and a photo diary study, real-world objects of interest for referencing services were identified. Furthermore, envisioned services, their attractiveness and relevant usage situations were explored. The presented results of the study indicate that access to background information on buildings as well as spatially-related search and service access are highly attractive for future users, whereas spatially-related purchase, advertisement, gaming, and sharing is of less interest.
Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalisand Periodontal Health Status

ABSTRACT Periodontitis is a common, progressive disease that eventually affects the majority of the population. The local destruction of periodontitis is believed to result from a bacterial infection of the gingival sulcus, and several clinical studies have provided evidence to implicate Porphyromonas gingivalis. If P. gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen, it would be expected to be present in most subjects with disease and rarely detected in subjects with good periodontal health. However, in most previous studies, P. gingivalis has not been detected in the majority of subjects with disease, and age-matched, periodontally healthy controls were not included for comparison. The purpose of the study reported here was to compare the prevalence of P. gingivalis in a group with periodontitis to that of a group that is periodontally healthy. A comprehensive sampling strategy and a sensitive PCR assay were used to maximize the likelihood of detection. The target sequence for P. gingivalis-specific amplification was the transcribed spacer region within the ribosomal operon. P. gingivalis was detected in only 25% (46 of 181) of the healthy subjects but was detected in 79% (103 of 130) of the periodontitis group (P < 0.0001). The odds ratio for being infected with P. gingivalis was 11.2 times greater in the periodontitis group than in the healthy group (95% confidence interval, 6.5 to 19.2). These data implicate P. gingivalisin the pathogenesis of periodontitis and suggest that P. gingivalis may not be a normal inhabitant of a periodontally healthy dentition.
Reducing Approximation and Estimation Errors for Chinese Lexical Processing with Heterogeneous Annotations

We address the issue of consuming heterogeneous annotation data for Chinese word segmentation and part-of-speech tagging. We empirically analyze the diversity between two representative corpora, i.e. Penn Chinese Treebank (CTB) and PKU's People's Daily (PPD), on manually mapped data, and show that their linguistic annotations are systematically different and highly compatible. The analysis is further exploited to improve processing accuracy by (1) integrating systems that are respectively trained on heterogeneous annotations to reduce the approximation error, and (2) re-training models with high quality automatically converted data to reduce the estimation error. Evaluation on the CTB and PPD data shows that our novel model achieves a relative error reduction of 11% over the best reported result in the literature.
Wide band shaped beam array of U-slot patches for high resolution SAR and satellite communications

This paper presents the design of practical antenna arrays with beam shaping controllability and beam steering capability for land imaging synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems and satellite communications. The U-shaped slot patch antenna with optimal design parameters is suggested as a single element for the proposed antenna arrays. The proposed antenna exhibits a wide bandwidth enough for the target applications. It is shown that the mutual coupling between such elements in both E-plane and H-plane arranged arrays is naturally weak. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is customized and applied to optimize the elements feeding (both amplitude and phase) to get multiple radiation patterns including flat-topped (fan-shaped), cosecant-squared and Isoflux beams. The results obtained in the present work are compared with other published results showing superior performance.
Indigenous alder based farming practices in Nagaland, India: A sustainable agricultural model

Traditional alder (Alnus nepalensis) based agroforestry system is an age-old ecological farming practice of some indigenous tribes viz., Angami, Chakhesang, Chang, Yimchunger and Konyak of Nagaland state in India. Alder is a deciduous or semi-deciduous tree naturally grown throughout the Himalayas. In this system of farming, crops are grown as intercrop with alder trees. Agricultural crops co-cultivated with alder, forms a very remunerative agroforestry system. Alder does not require high soil fertility and hence, conversion of wasteland into agricultural land through this system is very much practicable. This system is an outstanding sustainable model of land use evolved through numerous years of testing among the indigenous tribes of Nagaland. The present review presents a comprehensive overview of indigenous alder based farming practices in Nagaland. Furthermore, the paper also describes the opportunities, challenges and future research directions towards developing and utilizing this model for sustainable agriculture.
Effects of Supplemental Mannanoligosaccharides on Growth Performance, Faecal Characteristics and Health in Dairy Calves

Twenty Holstein calves were used to investigate the effects of mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation in the whole milk on growth performance, faecal score, faecal pH, selected faecal bacterial populations and health during the preweaning period. Healthy calves selected by clinical examination were allocated to one of the two groups (control [CG] and experimental [EG]) at 5 days old. Each group consisted of 5 male and 5 female calves. Each calf in EG was supplemented with 7 g/d of a MOS product (Celmanax) from 5 days to 56 days of age. MOS supplement was mixed with the whole milk once in the morning and administered to the calves in EG via nipple bottle, whereas the calves in CG were fed the whole milk without MOS. Calves were weaned at 56 days of age. The final body weight, average daily weight gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were statistically similar (p>0.05) but were higher by 3.70%, 6.66%, and 10.97%, respectively, in MOS than in control calves. Feed efficiency (ADG/ADFI) was also similar in two calves group. While faecal scores did not differ on day 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 49, and 56 between groups, EG had a higher faecal score (p = 0.05) than CG on day 35. Faecal concentration of Lactobacillus was lower (p<0.05) in EG compared with CG. No differences (p>0.05) in faecal concentrations of Bifidobacterium, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli were found between groups. Although there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the incidence of diarrhoea, treatment days for diarrhoea and the costs associated with diarrhoea treatments between groups, collectively, the observed reductions in treatment days and the cost of diarrhoea treatments accompanying increases in final body weight, ADG and ADFI for EG may indicate potential benefit of MOS in treatment of diarrhoea.
Evaluating the impact of frame rate on video based human action recognition

Human action recognition in videos is one of the classic problems in computer vision domain due to its wide range of applications as well as its challenges. Although most existing approaches perform very well for specific datasets, there is little research on how practical and robust it is to extend those approaches into realistic scenarios where videos are often acquired with different frame rates from diverse imaging devices. In this paper, we investigate and evaluate recognition performance of four state-of-the-art human action recognition approaches across two widely used benchmark datasets with three different frame rate settings. It is observed in our comprehensive experiments that frame rate does affect recognition performance. Particularly, the impact of frame rate is not consistent across different scenarios. Therefore, better recognition approaches, including novel visual features and learning algorithms robust to frame rate variation, are demanded to further advance human action recognition towards more practical deployment.
On the Resistance Matrix of a Graph

Let $G$ be a connected graph of order $n$. The resistance matrix of $G$ is defined as $R_G=(r_{ij}(G))_{n\times n}$, where $r_{ij}(G)$ is the resistance distance between two vertices $i$ and $j$ in $G$. Eigenvalues of $R_G$ are called R-eigenvalues of $G$. If all row sums of $R_G$ are equal, then $G$ is called resistance-regular. For any connected graph $G$, we show that $R_G$ determines the structure of $G$ up to isomorphism. Moreover, the structure of $G$ or the number of spanning trees of $G$ is determined by partial entries of $R_G$ under certain conditions. We give some characterizations of resistance-regular graphs and graphs with few distinct R-eigenvalues. For a connected regular graph $G$ with diameter at least $2$, we show that $G$ is strongly regular if and only if there exist $c_1,c_2$ such that $r_{ij}(G)=c_1$ for any adjacent vertices $i,j\in V(G)$, and $r_{ij}(G)=c_2$ for any non-adjacent vertices $i,j\in V(G)$.
Comparison of Computed Tomography Perfusion and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Perfusion-Diffusion Mismatch in Ischemic Stroke

Background and Purpose— Perfusion imaging has the potential to select patients most likely to respond to thrombolysis. We tested the correspondence of computed tomography perfusion (CTP)-derived mismatch with contemporaneous perfusion-diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods— Acute ischemic stroke patients 3 to 6 hours after onset had CTP and perfusion-diffusion MRI within 1 hour, before thrombolysis. Relative cerebral blood flow (relCBF) and time to peak of the deconvolved tissue residue function (Tmax) were calculated. The diffusion lesion (diffusion-weighted imaging) was registered to the CTP slabs and manually outlined to its maximal visual extent. Volumetric accuracy of CT-relCBF infarct core (compared with diffusion-weighted imaging) was tested. To reduce false-positive low CBF regions, relCBF core was restricted to voxels within a relative time-to-peak (relTTP) >4 seconds for lesion region of interest. The MR-Tmax >6 seconds perfusion lesion was automatically segmented and registered to CTP. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis determined the optimal CT-Tmax threshold to match MR-Tmax >6 seconds. Agreement of these CT parameters with MR perfusion-diffusion mismatch in coregistered slabs was assessed (mismatch ratio >1.2, absolute mismatch >10 mL, infarct core <70 mL). Results— In analysis of 49 patients (mean onset to CT, 213 minutes; mean CT to MR, 31 minutes), constraining relCBF <31% within the automated relTTP perfusion lesion region of interest reduced the median magnitude of volumetric error (vs diffusion-weighted imaging) from 47.5 mL to 15.8 mL (P<0.001). The optimal CT-Tmax threshold to match MR-Tmax >6 seconds was 6.2 seconds (95% confidence interval, 5.6–7.3 seconds; sensitivity, 91%; specificity, 70%; area under the curve, 0.87). Using CT-Tmax >6 seconds “penumbra” and relTTP-constrained relCBF “core,” CT-based and MRI-based mismatch status was concordant in 90% (kappa=0.80). Conclusions— Quantitative CTP mismatch classification using relCBF and Tmax is similar to perfusion-diffusion MRI. The greater accessibility of CTP may facilitate generalizability of mismatch-based selection in clinical practice and trials.
Lie Symmetries and Solutions of KdV Equation

Symmetries of a dierential equations is one of the most important concepts in theory of dierential equations and physics. One of the most prominent equations is KdV (Kortwege-de Vries) equation with application in shallow water theory. In this paper we are going to explain a particular method for finding symmetries of KdV equation, which is called Harrison method. Our tools in this method are Lie derivatives and dierential forms, which will be discussed in the first section more precisely. In second chapter we will have some analysis on the solutions of KdV equation and we give a method, which is called first integral method for finding the solutions of KdV equation. Mathematics Subject Classification: 35Bxx, 58Axx, 27E70, 34A26, 22E60
Unstable Angina and Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels Predict Enhanced Vasoreactivity of the Culprit Lesion

Background—Because plaque inflammation may modulate coronary vasomotion, the association between systemic levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and coronary vasoreactivity was assessed in patients with stable or unstable angina. Methods and Results—In 31 patients with stable angina and 23 patients with unstable angina undergoing coronary angiography, minimal luminal diameter (MLD) of the culprit lesion was measured by quantitative coronary angiography at baseline, during the cold pressor test (CPT), and after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin (NTG) and expressed as percent change from baseline. MLD of patients with unstable angina exhibited a greater reduction during CPT and a greater increase after NTG than did patients with stable angina (−17±14% versus −5±12%, P =0.0013, and 34±25% versus 8±20%, P <0.001, respectively). According to preprocedural serum levels of CRP, 36 patients had normal (≤0.5 mg/dL) and 18 patients had elevated CRP levels. MLD of patients with elevated CRP levels exhibited a greater reduction during CPT and a greater increase after NTG than of patients with normal CRP levels (−15±12% versus −7±14%, P =0.037, and 31±23% versus 13±25%, P =0.011, respectively). Both unstable angina and elevated CRP levels resulted in independent predictors of enhanced vasoreactivity at the multivariate analysis. Conclusions—This study confirms enhanced vasoreactivity of the culprit lesion in patients with unstable angina compared with those with stable angina. More importantly, it demonstrates that inflammatory mechanisms play a key role in modulating the reactivity of coronary atherosclerotic plaques and may partially account for the enhanced vasoreactivity of the unstable plaques.
Self-sensing active magnetic bearing using real-time duty cycle

In a self-sensing active magnetic bearing (AMB) system driven by pulse width modulation (PWM) switching power amplifiers, the rotor position information can be extracted from coil current and voltage signals by a specific signal demodulation process. In this study, to reduce the complexity of hardware, the coil voltage signal was not filtered but measured in the form of a duty cycle by the eCAP port of DSP (TMS320F28335). A mathematical model was established to provide the relationship between rotor position, current ripple, and duty cycle. Theoretical analysis of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the coil current at the switching frequency was presented using Fourier series, Jacobi-Anger identity, and Bessel function. Experimental results showed that the time-varying duty cycle causes infinite side frequencies around the switching frequency. The side frequency interval depends on the varying frequency of the duty cycle. Rotor position can be calculated by measuring the duty cycle and demodulating the coil current ripple. With this self-sensing strategy, the rotor system supported by AMBs can steadily rotate at a speed of 3000 r/min.
Analyzing gait with spatiotemporal surfacesSourabh

Human motions generate characteristic spatiotem-poral patterns. We have developed a set of techniques for analyzing the patterns generated by people walking across the eld of view. After change detection, the XYT pattern can be t with a smooth spatiotem-poral surface. This surface is approximately periodic, reeecting the periodicity of the gait. The surface can be expressed as a combination of a standard parame-terized surface { the canonical walk { and a deviation surface that is speciic to the individual walk.
BASED ON THE SPEECH CONTENT

Huge collections of video and audio recordings which have captured events of the last century remain an untapped resource of historical value. Accordingly, there are many digital library projects worldwide studying how multimedia digital libraries can be established and used. In this paper, we will report on some interesting findings from our recent work towards retrieval of video archives for Taiwan’s humanity and social activities based on the speech content. We are currently focusing on the recordings about the aboriginals in Taiwan. Based on the acoustic models trained by broadcast news speech and language models trained by newswire texts, the recognition accuracy, which is 15.92% for syllables and 8.18% for characters, is disappointedly low. After applying the model adaptation techniques using some domain-specific training speech and text corpora, we are able to improve the accuracies to 30.04% and 22.08%, respectively. Though the accuracies are definitely not satisfactory, we found that it is still feasible to build a speech retrieval system for the target video archives.