Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Ameliorated Methodology for the design of Object Structures from legacy 'C' Program

Information systems of many organizations are processed through system of interrelated ‘C’ programs. Since, the ‘C’ programming language was developed in the early second half of the last century. It couldn’t incorporate to facilitate the current day’s technology. Therefore, the programs developed based on this are not coping with the advancement of technology. There is a need to harness the useful business information buried across the legacy ‘C' systems and the advancement in the information technology. This act of harnessing the old virtues in new environment is like resolving the labyrinth. The paper proposes a way of resolving this deadlock situation by reverse engineering the legacy ‘C’ systems into the design specifications of the target environment, and then forward engineering the target design specification into the desired language code. This paper attempts to develop a reengineering methodology that automatically abstracts the view elements like attributes, functional dependencies, interrelationships between group of attributes and actor’s interface, etc. The correctness and completeness of these abstractions are ensured using Unified Modeling language (UML) diagrams. The methodology blends the reverse engineering and re-design stages into a unified process.
Graph-Based Semantic Segmentation for 3D Digital Images

Graph-based segmentation is gaining popularity among the many approaches in performing image segmentation, primarily due to its ability in reflecting global image properties. The most fundamental challenge in segmentation algorithm is to precisely define the volumetric extent of some object, which may be represented by the union of multiple regions. We developed a unified framework for volumetric image segmentation and contour extraction that uses a virtual tree-hexagonal structure defined on the set of the image voxels. The most important characteristic of using a virtual tree-hexagonal network over the initial image voxels is that it reduces the execution time and the memory space used, without losing the initial resolution of the image.
[Common property regimes in the forest: just a relic from the past?]

Common property regimes, used by communities to manage forests and other resources for long-term benefits, were once widespread around the globe. Some may have disappeared naturally as communities opted for other arrangements, particularly in the face of technological and economic change, but in most instances common property regimes seem to have been legislated out of existence. This happened in two basic ways: where common property regimes however elaborate and long-lasting had never been codified, they may simply have been left out of a country's first attempt to formalize and codify property rights to the resources in question (for example, in Indonesia, Brazil and most countries of sub-Saharan Africa). Where common property regimes had legal recognition, land reforms sometimes transferred all such rights to individuals (as in the case of enclosure in the United Kingdom) or to the government itself, or to a combination of the two (as in India and Japan).
Part-of-Speech Annotation of Biology Research Abstracts

A part-of-speech (POS) tagged corpus was built on research abstracts in biomedical domain with the Penn Treebank scheme. As consistent annotation was difficult without domain-specific knowledge we made use of the existing term annotation of the GENIA corpus. A list of frequent terms annotated in the GENIA corpus was compiled and the POS of each constituent of those terms were determined with assistance from domain specialists. The POS of the terms in the list are pre-assigned, then a tagger assigns POS to remaining words preserving the pre-assigned POS, whose results are corrected by human annotators. We also modified the PTB scheme slightly. An inter-annotator agreement tested on new 50 abstracts was 98.5%. A POS tagger trained with the annotated abstracts was tested against a gold-standard set made from the interannotator agreement. The untrained tagger had the accuracy of 83.0%. Trained with 2000 annotated abstracts the accuracy rose to 98.2%. The 2000 annotated abstracts are publicly available.
[Prevalence of nutritional overweight and obesity and hypertension as well as their relationship with anthropometric indicators in a population of students in Granada and its provinces].

INTRODUCTION Several authors have found correlations between anthropometric parameters and blood pressure levels in overweight and obese subjects. This paper is an update on the potential of these parameters as a tool for predicting cardiovascular risk. AIMS to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Second verify the existence of a significant correlation between the main anthropometric indicators and the blood pressure levels. SAMPLE The population consisted of 977 children and adolescents between 9 and 17 years of age belonging to 13 schools in the province of Granada and city. METHODOLOGY anthropometric evaluation in which they were assessed six skinfolds, waist circumference, hip and determination of blood pressure in three consecutive occasions. The anthropometric assessment phase began in March 2008 lasted until April 2009. RESULTS We found that the prevalence of overweight in girls varied between 18.3% and 32.2%. For its part, the prevalence among boys was between 10.9% and 26.1%. Regarding the prevalence of obesity, the girls had similar rates between 4.5% and 15.1%. Among boys the prevalence of obesity was similar, and found rates between 4.7% and 12.6%. Of all the parameters measured, body mass index and waist circumference were the anthropometric indicators that showed a better correlation to blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS BMI and WC are useful anthropometric indicators to predict cardiovascular risk in non adults.
Development and Application of New Quality Model for Software Projects

The IT industry tries to employ a number of models to identify the defects in the construction of software projects. In this paper, we present COQUALMO and its limitations and aim to increase the quality without increasing the cost and time. The computation time, cost, and effort to predict the residual defects are very high; this was overcome by developing an appropriate new quality model named the software testing defect corrective model (STDCM). The STDCM was used to estimate the number of remaining residual defects in the software product; a few assumptions and the detailed steps of the STDCM are highlighted. The application of the STDCM is explored in software projects. The implementation of the model is validated using statistical inference, which shows there is a significant improvement in the quality of the software projects.
Landscape characterization of numerical optimization problems using biased scattered data

The characterization of optimization problems over continuous parameter spaces plays an important role in optimization. A form of “fitness landscape” analysis is often carried out to describe the problem space in terms of modality, smoothness and variable separability. The outcomes of this analysis can then be used as a measure of problem difficulty and to predict the behaviour of a given algorithm. However, the metric value estimates of the landscape characterization are dependent upon the representation scheme adopted and the sampling method used. Consequently, the development of a complete classification of problem structure and complexity has proven to be challenging. In this paper, we continue this line of research. We present a methodology for the characterization of two dimensional numerical optimization problems. In our approach, data extracted during the search process is analyzed and the dependency of the results to the nominated sampling method are corrected. We show via computational simulations that the calculated metric values using our approach are consistent with the results from random experiments. As such, this study provides a first step towards the on-line calculation of fitness landscape characterization metrics and the development of empirical performance models of search algorithms. Advances in these areas would provide answers to the algorithm selection and portfolio configuration problems.
Clinical characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms of focal and diffuse traumatic brain injury

• Introduction • Classifying TBI ‐ Clinical injury severity ‐ Focal injury or diffuse injury • Clinical characteristics ‐ Coma, confusion and subacute impairments ‐ Imaging TBI ‐ Focal and diffuse TBI: separate entities? • Pathophysiological mechanisms of focal injury ‐ The essentials: glutamate and Ca2+ • Pathophysiological mechanisms of diffuse injury ‐ A heterogeneous cascade of changes ‐ After axonal disconnection • Conclusions
Motor Control Exercise for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Background The evidence that exercise intervention is effective for treatment of chronic low back pain comes from trials that are not placebo-controlled. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of motor control exercise for people with chronic low back pain. Design This was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Setting The study was conducted in an outpatient physical therapy department in Australia. Patients The participants were 154 patients with chronic low back pain of more than 12 weeks’ duration. Intervention Twelve sessions of motor control exercise (ie, exercises designed to improve function of specific muscles of the low back region and the control of posture and movement) or placebo (ie, detuned ultrasound therapy and detuned short-wave therapy) were conducted over 8 weeks. Measurements Primary outcomes were pain intensity, activity (measured by the Patient-Specific Functional Scale), and patient's global impression of recovery measured at 2 months. Secondary outcomes were pain; activity (measured by the Patient-Specific Functional Scale); patient's global impression of recovery measured at 6 and 12 months; activity limitation (measured by the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire) at 2, 6, and 12 months; and risk of persistent or recurrent pain at 12 months. Results The exercise intervention improved activity and patient's global impression of recovery but did not clearly reduce pain at 2 months. The mean effect of exercise on activity (measured by the Patient-Specific Functional Scale) was 1.1 points (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.3 to 1.8), the mean effect on global impression of recovery was 1.5 points (95% CI=0.4 to 2.5), and the mean effect on pain was 0.9 points (95% CI=−0.01 to 1.8), all measured on 11-point scales. Secondary outcomes also favored motor control exercise. Limitation Clinicians could not be blinded to the intervention they provided. Conclusions Motor control exercise produced short-term improvements in global impression of recovery and activity, but not pain, for people with chronic low back pain. Most of the effects observed in the short term were maintained at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups.
Real-time soft shadow for displacement mapped surfaces

For effectively rendering surface details, many texture-based methods such as normal mapping and displacement mapping were used to model detailed structures on a surface. Although self-shadow can be achieved by those techniques, most of them support hard shadow or ad-hoc approximation of soft-shadow for the self-shadow effects. In this paper, we present a simple method to render soft shadow casted by area lights on displacement mapped surfaces in real-time rendering applications such as 3D game engines. Our method first computes a visibility cone map, which stores the average visible ratio of each texel toward a certain direction. Then, during the rendering, the intensity of each pixel on the texture mapped surfaces can be calculated from the overlap between the projected lighting area and the projected visible cone.
Rapid computer-aided design method for fast-acting solenoid actuators

The paper describes a general method for the preliminary design of fast-acting solenoid actuators. Moving armature, drive circuit and nonlinearities are modeled as well as eddy currents for solid iron devices. The electromagnetic model is obtained by computing two magnetisation characteristics corresponding to the extreme positions of the armature and a novel interpolation function for the intermediate positions. This function, characterising the magnetic configuration of the actuator, is computed analytically and leads also to an analytical formulation of the magnetic force. In order to achieve extremely fast computation, eddy currents are modeled through a new type of electric equivalent network, derived directly from Maxwell's equations and taking into account the actual BH nonlinearities, moving armature and device geometry. The method is demonstrated on a pot-core solenoid actuator and compares favourably with finite element results and measurements.
Semantic Characterization of Tweets Using Topic Models: A Use Case in the Entertainment Domain

In the entertainment domain users tweet about their expectations and opinions regarding upcoming, current and past experiences, while companies advertise and promote the shows. This characterization, important for customers and companies, goes beyond traditional sentiment analysis where the polarity of the sentiments expressed in opinions is usually identified as positive, negative or neutral. The authors investigate different tweet representation models, including bags of words and probabilistic topic models, to shed light on the semantics of the messages. Their experiments show that topic-based models generated with Latent Dirichlet Allocation LDA yield, most of the times, better categorizations when compared to TF-IDF based features, particularly when these models are enriched with natural language features and specific Twitter slang.
A disk based stream oriented approach for storing big data

This paper proposes an extension to the generally accepted definition of Big Data and from this extended definition proposes a specialized database design for storing high throughput data from low-latency sources. It discusses the challenges a financial company faces with regards to processing and storing data and how existing database technologies are unsuitable for this niche task. A prototype database called CakeDB is built using a stream oriented, disk based storage design and insert throughput tests are conducted to demonstrate how effectively such a design would handle high throughput data as per the use case.
Augmented reality user interfaces and techniques for outdoor modelling

This paper presents user interface technology for mobile outdoor augmented reality systems, and a set of new techniques we have named construction at a distance for the capture and creation of 3D geometry. Using a pair of vision tracked pinch gloves and a specially designed menu system, a user is able to use the physical presence of their body to perform modelling tasks in ways not previously possible.
Classification of sMRI for Alzheimer's disease Diagnosis with CNN: Single Siamese Networks with 2D+? Approach and Fusion on ADNI

The methods of Content-Based visual information indexing and retrieval penetrate into Healthcare and become popular in Computer-Aided Diagnostics. The PhD research we have started 13 months ago is devoted to the multimodal classification of MRI brain scans for Alzheimer Disease diagnostics. We use the winner classifier, such as CNN. We first proposed an original 2D+ approach. It avoids heavy volumetric computations and uses domain knowledge on Alzheimer biomarkers. We study discriminative power of different brain projections. Three binary classification tasks are considered separating Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Normal Control subject (NC). Two fusion methods on FC layer and on the single-projection CNN output show better performances, up to 91% of accuracy is achieved. The results are competitive with the SOA which uses heavier algorithmic chain.
Monitoring multimedia quality of service in public Cloud Service Level Agreements

In this paper we propose a model for monitoring Service Level Agreements (SLAs) provided by public Cloud Service Providers (CSPs), such as Amazon and Rackspace, to customers utilizing the cloud infrastructure to deliver multimedia content to their internal and external users. Our approach recommends that an independent neutral third party entity monitors services offered by public CSPs to ensure that the SLAs offered to the clients are honored by the provider. The proposed entity can reduce the likelihood of disputes between the CSP and its customers, since we argue that there is a conflict of interest when a given CSP offers quality of service (QoS) reporting to its customers, because customers cannot independently verify the accuracy of such QoS reports in many cases, as discussed in this paper.
Time for a new grading system for allergic reactions?

The term ‘anaphylaxis’ was introduced in 1902 by Richet & Portier (1), while the term ‘allergy’ was established in 1906 by the Austrian paediatrician Clemens von Pirquet (2). Already from an etymological point of view, the two terms relate to different conditions: the translation of allergy from the Greek is ‘different or strange reaction’, and for anaphylaxis, it is ‘missing protection’. The differentiation between IgEand non-IgE-mediated allergic reactions became possible when immunoglobulin E (IgE) was discovered in 1966 (3), and 1967 (4). Since the new classification from 2001 (5), the umbrella term ‘allergy’ covers all protein-induced, immunological reactions, irrespective of whether they are IgEor non-IgE-mediated (6). It is not intended to reopen the discussion on the exact diagnosis or definition of anaphylaxis, which is covered by widely in the literature (7). Furthermore, subjective symptoms such as anxiety, malaise, weakness or dizziness should not be criteria for grading an allergic reaction. Similarly, the criteria for the positive assessment of an allergic reaction are not addressed here (8).
Elementary Modal Logics over Transitive Structures

We show that modal logic over universally first-order definable classes of transitive frames is decidable. More precisely, let K be an arbitrary class of transitive Kripke frames definable by a universal first-order sentence. We show that the global and finite global satisfiability problems of modal logic over K are decidable in NP, regardless of choice of K. We also show that the local satisfiability and the finite local satisfiability problems of modal logic over K are decidable in NExpTime.
Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab in Trichoplusia ni Is Conferred by a Novel Genetic Mechanism

ABSTRACT The resistance to the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin Cry2Ab in a greenhouse-originated Trichoplusia ni strain resistant to both Bt toxins Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab was characterized. Biological assays determined that the Cry2Ab resistance in the T. ni strain was a monogenic recessive trait independent of Cry1Ac resistance, and there existed no significant cross-resistance between Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab in T. ni. From the dual-toxin-resistant T. ni strain, a strain resistant to Cry2Ab only was isolated, and the Cry2Ab resistance trait was introgressed into a susceptible laboratory strain to facilitate comparative analysis of the Cry2Ab resistance with the susceptible T. ni strain. Results from biochemical analysis showed no significant difference between the Cry2Ab-resistant and -susceptible T. ni larvae in midgut proteases, including caseinolytic proteolytic activity and zymogram profile and serine protease activities, in midgut aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase activity, and in midgut esterases and hemolymph plasma melanization activity. For analysis of genetic linkage of Cry2Ab resistance with potential Cry toxin receptor genes, molecular markers for the midgut cadherin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and aminopeptidase N (APN) genes were identified between the original greenhouse-derived dual-toxin-resistant and the susceptible laboratory T. ni strains. Genetic linkage analysis showed that the Cry2Ab resistance in T. ni was not genetically associated with the midgut genes coding for the cadherin, ALP, and 6 APNs (APN1 to APN6) nor associated with the ABC transporter gene ABCC2. Therefore, the Cry2Ab resistance in T. ni is conferred by a novel but unknown genetic mechanism.
Intention oriented itinerary recommendation by bridging physical trajectories and online social networks

Compared with traditional itinerary planning, intention oriented itinerary recommendation can provide more flexible activity planning without the user pre-determined destinations and is specially helpful for those strangers in unfamiliar environment. Rank and classification of points of interest (POI) from location based social networks (LBSN) are used to indicate different user intentions. Mining on physical trajectories of vehicles can provide exact civil traffic information for path planning. In this paper, a POI category-based itinerary recommendation framework combining physical trajectories with LBSN is proposed. Specifically, a Voronoi graph based GPS trajectory analysis method is proposed to build traffic information networks, and an ant colony algorithm for multi-object optimization is also implemented to find the most appropriate itineraries. We conduct experiments on datasets from FourSquare and Geo-Life project. A test on satisfaction of recommended items is also performed. Results show that the satisfaction reaches 80% in average.
Achieving Interactive-Time Realistic Illumination in Mixed Reality

Abstract : Properly lighting virtual objects and having them cast shadows on each other based on dynamic lighting conditions is a computationally hard challenging. Even more complex are the issues raised when this must be done in a Mixed Reality environment where virtual objects and virtual light interact with real objects and real light. This paper presents several interactive-time algorithms to enable interaction between real and virtual objects, including color matching, lighting and shadowing techniques.
Generalizing operational transformation to the standard general markup language

In this paper we extend operational transformation to support synchronous collaborative editing of documents written in dialects of SGML (Standard General Markup Language) such as XML and HTML, based on SGML's abstract data model, the grove. We argue that concurrent updates to a shared grove must be transformed before being applied to each replica to ensure consistency. We express grove operations as property changes on positionally-addressed nodes, define a set of transformation functions, and show how to apply an existing generic operational transformation algorithm to achieve this. This result makes synchronous group editing applicable to the modern Web.