Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of Offloading in NOMA-HetNets using Imperfect CSI

The increase in number of cellular users had lead to the evolution from the traditional cellular networks to the more efficient heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNet) to handle the traffic. Offloading plays a vital role in handling the traffic from the congested macro base station by handing users to the less congested femto base stations (FBS). Further, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has proved to be efficient for the future generation networks. In this work, we study the offloading in HetNets, where the FBS tier serves the users using NOMA. Imperfect channel state information (CSI) is considered to analyze the outage probability of offloaded user, since, in practice CSI estimation requires significant system overhead, especially when the number of users are large. Hence, for practical systems, the analyses with imperfect CSI is more relevant. Some important observations regarding offloading to FBS tier with NOMA based on imperfect CSI are drawn. The analytical results are validated using Monte Carlo simulations.
International Journal of Advances in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Search Query and Matching Approach of Information Retrieval in Cloud Computing

Website becomes very important tool for web users to gain information almost in all the industries such as education, computer science, business, health and others as well. With an enormous growth of the Internet it has become very difficult for the users to find relevant documents or information. Search engine such as Google and yahoo returns a list of web pages that match the user query. Thus, for the inexperienced users may have difficulties in formulating a precise query to get relevant information from the web. This research is investigating the user preferred search query and suitable matching approach in order to retrieve the relevance information in cloud environment.
Design of Feedback Linearizing Model Predictive Controllers for Grid-Connected Systems with Multiple Photovoltaic Units

This paper presents an feedback linearizing model predictive control scheme to design controllers for grid-connected systems with multiple photovoltaic (PV) units. The controllers are designed based on the generalized dynamical models of grid-connected systems with multiple PV units. The feedback linearization technique is applied to linearize the whole system which decouples the dynamical models of multiple PV units. The dynamic interactions among different PV units are considered as noises which are also decoupled through the proposed feedback linearization scheme. This decoupling allows to design linear controllers in a decentralized way for individual PV units. In this paper, a receding horizon-based model predictive scheme is employed to design linear controllers for feedback linearized PV units. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated on an IEEE test system under different operating conditions and compared with an existing PI controller in terms of maintaining unity power factor operation. Simulation results clearly show that the proposed controller performs in a much better way as compared to the PI controller.
Simplified Controller Design Approach for Quadratic Boost Converter

In distributed generation, a quadratic boost converter (QBC) finds wide application due to its unique characteristic of higher boost voltage with lower duty cycle. For dc- dc converter, output voltage regulation with current limiting capability is an important requirement. The peak current control (PCC) offers good current limiting capability with faster output voltage control. In this paper, the PCC of the QBC is explored which has two control loop: inner current loop and outer voltage loop. The aim of the study was to provide a simplified step-by-step outer loop controller design procedure for QBC. In this approach, the optimum value of outer loop controller gain was derived by utilizing the QBC model. The effectiveness of the derived controller parameter was tested in MATLAB/Simulink environment by providing a step change in: input voltage, magnitude of load current and reference output voltage.
Memory-Efficient Topic Modeling

As one of the simplest probabilistic topic modeling techniques, latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) has found many important applications in text mining, computer vision and computational biology. Recent training algorithms for LDA can be interpreted within a unified message passing framework. However, message passing requires storing previous messages with a large amount of memory space, increasing linearly with the number of documents or the number of topics. Therefore, the high memory usage is often a major problem for topic modeling of massive corpora containing a large number of topics. To reduce the space complexity, we propose a novel algorithm without storing previous messages for training LDA: tiny belief propagation (TBP). The basic idea of TBP relates the message passing algorithms with the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithms, which absorb the message updating into the message passing process, and thus avoid storing previous messages. Experimental results on four large data sets confirm that TBP performs comparably well or even better than current state-of-the-art training algorithms for LDA but with a much less memory consumption. TBP can do topic modeling when massive corpora cannot fit in the computer memory, for example, extracting thematic topics from 7 GB PUBMED corpora on a common desktop computer with 2GB memory.
Natural history of anal human papillomavirus infection in heterosexual women and risks associated with persistence.

BACKGROUND Anal cancer is more common in women than in men, yet little is known about the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women. The objective was to examine the natural history of anal HPV in heterosexual women. METHODS Young women participating in an HPV cohort study were seen at 4-month intervals for cervical and anal HPV testing. Time to clearance was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier approach; risks for persistence were assessed using Cox regression models. RESULTS Seventy-five women (mean age, 23.5 ± 4.1 years) who tested positive for anal HPV were followed for a mean of 84.5 ± 44.9 months. By 3 years, 82.5% of anal non-16 high-risk (HR) HPV, 82.6% of low-risk (LR) HPV, and 76.2% of HPV-16 infections had cleared. By 3 years, only 36.4% of women had become negative for all HPV types. In the multivariable model, concurrent cervical HPV-16 (P < .001), weekly alcohol use (P = .015), anal touching during sex (P = .045), recent anal sex (P = .04), and no condom use during anal sex (P = .04) were associated with HPV-16 persistence. Greater number of new sex partners (P = .024) and condom use during vaginal sex (P = .003) were associated with clearance. Similar associations were found for clearance in all HR-HPV infections. Only concomitant cervical HPV was associated with non-16 HR-HPV persistence. CONCLUSIONS The majority of anal HPV infections cleared within 3 years. HPV-16 infections were slower to clear than other HR-HPV infections, consistent with its role in anal cancer. Specific sexual behaviors were associated with persistence, suggesting that education and behavioral interventions may decrease persistence.
Distributed Control Strategy for the Coordinated Control Operation of the Distributed Generators

This paper presents a distributed control strategy for the coordinated control of multiple generators. A simple control strategy for primary as well as secondary control is proposed in this paper. The primary control consists of droop control which is analogous to the synchronous generator control. The primary control decides the power to be shared between the two distributed generators and regulates the voltage and frequency to the nominal values at point of common coupling, where the loads are present. The secondary control strategy allows the distributed generators to restore the frequency and voltage to the nominal values, if the primary control fails. The paper is free from the conventional d-q transformations. The developed controller possesses the features of adaptability and plug and play-in capability for smart grid interconnection. The performance of the proposed control strategy is validated through different numerical simulations and real-time implementations.
A Novel Failure Mode and Effect Analysis Approach Integrating Probabilistic Linguistic Term Sets and Fuzzy Petri Nets

Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is an effective quality management technique widely used in various industries to improve the reliability and safety of systems, products, processes, and services. In traditional FMEA, the ranking of failure modes is carried out by the risk priority number (RPN), which is calculated by the product of severity (S), occurrence (O), and detection (D). Nevertheless, the normal FMEA has many inherent defects in assessing and ranking failure modes. Therefore, in this paper, we present a new FMEA model, which integrates probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs) and fuzzy Petri nets (FPNs) for the risk assessment and prioritization of failure modes. Specifically, the PLTSs are used to capture the uncertainty of FMEA team members’ subjective judgments, and the FPNs are established to acquire the risk priority of the identified failure modes. Besides, a technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS)-based weighting method is proposed to determine the objective weight of each team member. Finally, a marine-ship system risk assessment example is provided to illustrate the suggested FMEA and a comparative analysis is conducted to assess its effectiveness and usefulness. The results show that the new FMEA approach can produce more reliable and reasonable risk ranking result of failure modes.
Simultaneous 3D Tracking and Reconstruction of Multiple Moving Rigid Objects

Most SLAM works based on the assumption of static scene, so localization of the camera and mapping of the scene can fail and lose accuracy of the scene, including moving objects. This paper presents a method for simultaneous mapping of moving objects in the target scene and localization of the moving camera, based on geometrical segmentation of each temporal frame. Taking advantage of segmentation of the target scene, using only the geometric structure of the scene, our method can estimate relative pose for camera and every geometrically segmented areas even without recognizing each object. For confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method, we experimentally show that our method can estimate relative poses for all segmented areas in the scene, so that we can achieve SLAM for the scene, including multiple moving objects.
High voltage network resonances in hybrid electric vehicles

the automotive industry is currently undergoing tremendous changes with the rapid adoption of electric power train technology. The market players are currently experimenting with the proven technologies to bring their versions of electric vehicles to market. One of the biggest pitfall in this approach is that, since the requirements come in a top down manner. The component level requirements may not be considered in the initial stages of the development. There can be resonances between the components which may not be very obvious at the first Iteration of the design. This paper presents a study of such a resonance behavior at the DC link in a parallel inverter set up used in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV).
Mouse Ly-49D Recognizes H-2Dd and Activates Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity

Although activation of natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity is generally inhibited by target major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression, subtle features of NK allorecognition suggest that NK cells possess receptors that are activated by target MHC I. The mouse Ly-49D receptor has been shown to activate NK cytotoxicity, although recognition of MHC class I has not been demonstrated previously. To define Ly-49D–ligand interactions, we transfected the mouse Ly-49D receptor into the rat NK line, RNK-16 (RNK.mLy-49D). As expected, anti– Ly-49D monoclonal antibody 12A8 specifically stimulated redirected lysis of the Fc receptor– bearing rat target YB2/0 by RNK.mLy-49D transfectants. RNK.mLy-49D effectors were tested against YB2/0 targets transfected with the mouse MHC I alleles H-2Dd, Db, Kk, or Kb. RNK.mLy-49D cells lysed YB2/0.Dd targets more efficiently than untransfected YB2/0 or YB2/0 transfected with Db, Kk, or Kb. This augmented lysis of H-2Dd targets was specifically inhibited by F(ab′)2 anti–Ly-49D (12A8) and F(ab′)2 anti–H-2Dd (34-5-8S). RNK.mLy-49D effectors were also able to specifically lyse Concanavalin A blasts isolated from H-2d mice (BALB/c, B10.D2, and DBA/2) but not from H-2b or H-2k mice. These experiments show that the activating receptor Ly-49D specifically interacts with the MHC I antigen, H-2Dd, demonstrating the existence of alloactivating receptors on murine NK cells.
Polarization-insensitive planar negative index metamaterials using crossed S-shaped resonator

In this paper, a new metamaterial unit cell is proposed where two mirrored S-shaped resonators are crossed with each other perpendicularly. The proposed unit cell exhibits negative refractive index irrespective of the polarization of the incident wave and also keeps the unit cell planar. By comparing the results for differently polarized incident waves it is shown that the proposed metamaterial unit cell is polarization-insensitive.
Buck-Boost Buck CCM-DCM Converter for PV Based DC Standalone System

A Buck-boost Buck CCM-DCM Converter (BBCDC) suitable for Solar Photo-voltaic(PV) based DC standalone system is proposed in this paper. The PV panel and battery storage system is integrated through a bi-directional buck-boost converter operating in CCM mode. The load is integrated to PV and battery through a buck converter operating in DCM mode. These two converters share two switches leading to reduction in switch count and increase in overall efficiency of the system. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is done through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and the load voltage control is achieved by Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM). The proposed converter and a control strategy devised for it is validated through detailed simulation studies.
Investigation of an Enhanced Efficiency Class-E Power Amplifier with Input Wave Shaping Network

In this paper, investigation result of a Class-E power amplifier (PA), using a GaN HEMT, operating at 2 GHz frequency with 10W output power and better than 82% power added efficiency (PAE) is reported. The improvement in the efficiency of the PA has been achieved by the incorporation of an appropriate input matching network topology. This matching network transforms the impedance from source to the desired impedance for conjugate match in addition to suppressing the second harmonic component of the signal from reaching the gate of the GaN HEMT. In essence, the suppression of the second harmonic enables fundamental frequency signal and third harmonic signal to combine at the gate terminal. It leads to sharper rising/falling of signal for faster switching of the device and hence higher power efficiency.
The use of social robot ono in robot assisted therapy

Ono is a low cost DIY reproducible social robot designed to make large scale human-robot interaction (HRI) studies more feasible financially, as well as to make social robotics accessible to hobbyist experimenters. While many HRI platforms exist, most are not suitable for the aforementioned scenarios because they are either too expensive or too hard to modify. Examples of existing platforms are Kobian [1], HRP-4C [2], WE-4RII [3], iCub [4], Kismet [5], Probo [6], Nao [7]. Low-cost options also exist, such as My Keepon [8] and Kaspar [9]. In our opinion, many existing platforms are hard to modify because hardware/software source files are not made available or because the platform relies on high-end components and manufacturing techniques. Our social robot, named Ono was developed with the following goals in mind to address these issues:
Boron microlocalization in oral mucosal tissue: implications for boron neutron capture therapy

Clinical studies of the treatment of glioma and cutaneous melanoma using boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) are currently taking place in the USA, Europe and Japan. New BNCT clinical facilities are under construction in Finland, Sweden, England and California. The observation of transient acute effects in the oral mucosa of a number of glioma patients involved in the American clinical trials, suggests that radiation damage of the oral mucosa could be a potential complication in future BNCT clinical protocols, involving higher doses and larger irradiation field sizes. The present investigation is the first to use a high resolution surface analytical technique to relate the microdistribution of boron-10 (10B) in the oral mucosa to the biological effectiveness of the 10B(n,α)7Li neutron capture reaction in this tissue. The two boron delivery agents used clinically in Europe/Japan and the USA, borocaptate sodium (BSH) and p-boronophenylalanine (BPA), respectively, were evaluated using a rat ventral tongue model. 10B concentrations in various regions of the tongue mucosa were estimated using ion microscopy. In the epithelium, levels of 10B were appreciably lower after the administration of BSH than was the case after BPA. The epithelium:blood 10B partition ratios were 0.2:1 and 1:1 for BSH and BPA respectively. The 10B content of the lamina propria was higher than that measured in the epithelium for both BSH and BPA. The difference was most marked for BSH, where 10B levels were a factor of six higher in the lamina propria than in the epithelium. The concentration of 10B was also measured in blood vessel walls where relatively low levels of accumulation of BSH, as compared with BPA, was demonstrated in blood vessel endothelial cells and muscle. Vessel wall:blood 10B partition ratios were 0.3:1 and 0.9:1 for BSH and BPA respectively. Evaluation of tongue mucosal response (ulceration) to BNC irradiation indicated a considerably reduced radiation sensitivity using BSH as the boron delivery agent relative to BPA. The compound biological effectiveness (CBE) factor for BSH was estimated at 0.29 ± 0.02. This compares with a previously published CBE factor for BPA of 4.87 ± 0.16. It was concluded that variations in the microdistribution profile of 10B, using the two boron delivery agents, had a significant effect on the response of oral mucosa to BNC irradiation. From a clinical perspective, based on the findings of the present study, it is probable that potential radiation-induced oral mucositis will be restricted to BNCT protocols involving BPA. However, a thorough high resolution analysis of 10B microdistribution in human oral mucosal tissue, using a technique such as ion microscopy, is a prerequisite for the use of experimentally derived CBE factors in clinical BNCT. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign
Timeout-based adaptive consensus: improving performance through adaptation

Algorithms for solving distributed systems problems often use timeouts as a means to achieve progress. They are designed in a way that safety is always preserved despite timeouts being too small or too large. A conservatively large static timeout value is usually selected, such that the overall system performance is acceptable in the normal case. This approach is good enough in stable environments, but it may compromise performance in more dynamic settings, such as in wireless networks. In this case, a better approach is to dynamically adjusting timeouts according to the observed network conditions. This paper clearly illustrates the achievable improvements and thus justifies the importance of using adaptive protocols in dynamic environments. We describe our pragmatic approach to transform a static timeout-based consensus protocol for ad hoc wireless networks into a fully autonomic and adaptive solution. Our comparative experiments, performed in a wireless environment, show that in contrast with the original static protocol, the adaptive solution leads to an almost constant bandwidth utilization despite increasing the number of consensus participants, and the overall consensus execution time increases linearly instead of exponentially.
Convulsant-induced increase in transcription factor messenger RNAs in rat brain.

Administration of the convulsants pentylenetetrazole (Metrazole) or picrotoxin to rats caused a dramatic increase in mRNAs of four putative transcription factor genes, zif/268, c-jun, jun-B, and c-fos, in neurons of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus, as well as other areas of the cerebral cortex, including pyriform cortex and cingulate cortex. The increase in these mRNAs was rapid and transient: amounts peaked within 1 hr and returned to baseline within 2 hr. These results extend the observation made by Morgan et al. [Morgan, J. I. , Cohen, D. R. , Hempstead, J. L. & Curran, T. (1987) Science 237, 192-197] that c-fos mRNA and protein are induced in rat brain after seizures. We hypothesize that the increase of these putative transcription factor mRNAs in the brain is part of a programmed genomic response of neurons to intense stimulation, which is analogous to the genomic response of nonneuronal cells to growth factors.
Predictive Adaptive Cruise Control Using a Customized ECU

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) is a group of technologies that support the driving with safety measures, such as the Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC). The ACC System computes a reference, known as cruise speed, that tracks the desired speed but it changes if a leading vehicle draws close. In this paper, the inner loop of ACC was designed using two different Model Predictive Control techniques: finite horizon and infinite horizon of prediction. The dynamic model of the vehicle was obtained using System Identification. The controllers were embedded in an ACC Module that communicates directly with a customized Electronic Control Unit (ECU) of the vehicle. The validation of the controllers is performed with practical experiments using a dynamometer.
Comparative Analysis of Low Cost Photodetectors for Visible Light Communication

Visible light communication (VLC) has emerged as a promising supplement to radio frequency technology for secure and green wireless communication. In this paper, comparative analysis of various low cost photodetectors such as solar panel and silicon photodiode (PD) is performed to check the viability of VLC for low cost easily available commodity hardware. To check the viability of VLC in different practical scenarios, experiments are performed in dark room and in the presence of noise from sunlight and artificial light sources such as fluorescent and incandescent lamps. Experimental results indicate that PD exhibits superior performance over solar panel in terms of sharp rise and fall time. However, the bit error rate performance of solar panel is better than that of PD for the given setup.
Combination of FST and CN search in spoken term detection

Spoken Term Detection (STD) focuses on finding instances of a particular spoken word or phrase in an audio corpus. Most STD systems have a two-step pipeline, ASR followed by search. Two approaches to search are common, Confusion Network (CN) based search and Finite State Transducer (FST) based search. In this paper, we examine combination of these two different search approaches, using the same ASR output. We find that the CN search performs better on shorter queries, and FST search performs better on longer queries. By combining the different search results from the same ASR decoding, we achieve better performance compared to either search approach on its own. We also find that this improvement is additive to the usual combination of decoder results using different modeling techniques.