Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PNCS: Pixel-Level Non-Local Method Based Compressed Sensing Undersampled MRI Image Reconstruction

Compressed sensing magnetic resonance imaging (CS-MRI) has made great progress in speeding up MRI imaging. The existing non-local self-similarity (NSS) prior based CS-MRI models mainly take similar image patches as the processing objects, this patch-level non-local sparse representation method can not make full use of the self-similarity among pixels in the image, so it can not recover the weak edge information in the undersampled MRI image well and there will still be some artifacts. In this paper, a pixel-level non-local method based compressed sensing undersampled MRI image reconstruction method is introduced. First, zero filling is performed on the undersampled k-space data to obtain a full-size 2D signal, and IFFT is performed to obtain a preliminary reconstructed MRI image. Block-matching and row-matching are successively performed on the reconstructed image in turn to obtain similar pixel groups, so as to establish a better sparse representation under the non-local self-similarity (NSS) prior. The separable Haar transform is performed on similar pixel groups, and the hard threshold of the transform coefficients and Wiener filtering can effectively remove the artifacts introduced in the undersampled reconstructed MRI images. The proposed pixel-level non-local iterative thinning model based on compressed sensing theory can ensure the removal of artifacts and better restore the details in the image. The qualitative and quantitative results under different undersampling modes and undersampling rates prove the advantages of the proposed method in subjective visual quality and objective evaluation (peak signal to noise ratio and structure similarity index). The performance of this method is not only superior to the existing traditional CS-MRI methods, but also competitive with the existing deep neural network (DNN) based models. The code will be released at https://github.com/HaoHou-98/PNCS.
Challenges in Direct Detection of Flaviviruses: A Review

Arthropods transmit arboviruses via mosquito and tick bites to humans and other animals. The genus flavivirus, which causes diseases, sequelae, and thousands of deaths, mainly in developing and underdeveloped countries, is among the arboviruses of interest to public health. Given the importance of early and accurate diagnosis, this review analyzes the methods of direct detection of flaviviruses, such as reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification, microfluidics, localized surface plasmon resonance, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and presents the advantages, disadvantages, and detection limits identified in studies reported in the literature for each methodology. Among the different methods available, it is essential to balance four fundamental indicators to determine the ideal test: good sensitivity, high specificity, low false positive rate, and rapid results. Among the methods analyzed, reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification stands out, owing to result availability within a few minutes, with good sensitivity and specificity; in addition, it is the best-characterized methodology.
Experimental analysis of modal curvature difference of damaged simply-supported beam

On the basis of theory of modal curvature difference,the modal analysis data of structural displacement was obtained by using software DASP for data gathering and real-time analysis.The curve of modal curvature difference in different injury conditions and the natural frequency of the structure of the simply-supported beam before and after its damage was analyzed.The results of experiment showed that the locations of single element damage and multiple damage could be well identified by using modal curvature difference.First-order modal curvature at single of multiple point of injury was more accurate for identification,degree of injury was consistent with the curve peak.First-order modal curvature difference manifested a stronger sensibility to the damage location,nondestructive testing of large structures would be possible when further improvement of this method was made.
Hybrid Adaptive Modularized Tri-Factor Non-Negative Matrix Factorization for ‎Community Detection in Complex Networks

Community detection is a significant issue in extracting valuable information and understanding complex network structures. Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) methods are the most remarkable topics in community detection. The modularized tri-factor NMF (Mtrinmf) method was proposed as a new class of NMF methods that combines the modularized information with tri-factor NMF. It had high computational complexity due to its dependence on the choice of the initial value of its parameter and the number of communities ( c ). In other words, the Mtrinmf method should search among different c candidates to find correct c . In this paper, a novel hybrid adaptive Mtrinmf (Hamtrinmf) method is proposed to improve the performance of Mtrinmf and reduce the computational complexity efficiently. In the proposed method, computational complexity reduction is made by selecting the right c candidates and tuning parameter. For this purpose, a hybrid algorithm including singular value decomposition (SVD) and relative eigenvalue gap (REG) algorithms is suggested to estimate the set of c candidates. Next, the Tpmtrinmf model is proposed to improve the performance of community detection via employing a self-tuning  parameter. Moreover, experimental results confirm the efficiency of the Hamtrinmf method with respect to other reference methods on artificial and real-world networks.
Identifying the most effective Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment modalities for premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Background: This study aimed to systematically evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of different modalities of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and identify the most effective treatment modality. Methods: Six electronic databases (PubMed, OVID, Scopus, CNKI, VIP and WanFang) were screened from their inception until 20/01/2022. This network meta-analysis (NMA) incorporated hormone replacement therapy (HRT) as the placebo and six different TCM treatment modalities as interventions. The primary outcome was total effective rate; the secondary outcomes were improvement in serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to appraise the quality of the included studies. Random effect model was used for pairwise meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4. NMA was performed in STATA. The surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA) and mean rank (MR) were used as evaluation indexes. Results: Overall, 37 randomized clinical trials involving 2,597 subjects that conformed to the inclusion criteria were included. Herbal medicine combined with catgut-embedding therapy was concluded to achieve the highest total effective rate (MD 4.35; 95% CI 1.32, 14.38) and improvement in AMH level (MD 0.74; 95% CI -0.74, 2.22). HRT combined with herbal medicine and acupuncture was determined to be the most effective treatment model for POI in improving their FSH (MD -13.17; 95% CI -18.17, -8.17), E2 (MD 34.29; 95% CI 14.41, 54.18) and LH (MD -15.01; 95% CI -19.95, -10.06) levels. Conclusions: Combination of HRT, herbal medicine and acupuncture was the most effective treatment modality for patients with POI. We also found that combination of herbal medicine with conventional HRT for patients with POI could effectively improve the clinical effectiveness in all aspects. This result may provide guidance for future treatment guideline implementation for POI. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020163873; 28/04/2020).
Về việc đếm điểm của đường cong elliptic dạng Edwards cuộn định nghĩa trên trường hữu hạn

Tóm tắt— Trong bài báo này, nhóm tác giả nghiên cứu việc đếm điểm của đường cong Edwards cuộn định nghĩa trên trường hữu hạn. Cụ thể, nhóm tác giả xây dựng các công thức tường minh cho phép xác định chính xác số điểm k-hữu tỉ của một đường cong Edwards cuộn khi biết số điểm k-hữu tỉ của đường cong tương đương song hữu tỉ dạng Weierstrass hoặc Montgomery tương ứng. Từ đó, nhóm tác giả đưa ra thuật toán để đếm số điểm của đường cong Edwards cuộn trên trường hữu hạn. Abstract— In this paper, we are interested in counting points on a twisted Edwards curve defined over a finite field. In particular, we construct explicit formulae allowing to determine exactly the number of k-rational points on a twisted Edwards curve when the number of k-rational points on the birational equivalent curve of Weierstrass or Montgomery form respectively is known. Using these formulae, we introduce an algorithm to count points on the twisted Edwards curve define over a finite field.
Circulation of concepts, compartmentalisation and erasures in Western academic circles: sumak kawsay/buen vivir and translanguaging

ABSTRACT Building on previous studies, this paper addresses the geopolitics of knowledge circulation in an academic field known as sociolinguistics in France, showing firstly the common erasure of research produced in the Global South and in languages other than English, and secondly the need to decolonise entire fields of research, in which analytic frameworks are mostly produced in hegemonic Global centres. As part of this special issue, we ask how far concepts rooted in Southern or non-hegemonic experiences are marginalised, co-opted or reused in academic circles in the West in general and in France in particular. As a modest epistemological contribution, this paper then focuses on two concepts – sumak kawsay/buen vivir and translanguaging – looking at their archaeology and development and at how they circulate in these fields, both in Northern and Southern academic circles. Both examples illustrate their circulation but also erasures and compartmentalisation through language.
Radiation and chemical reaction effects on MHD flow along a moving vertical porous plate

Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the effects of magnetohydrodynamic force and buoyancy on convective heat and mass transfer flow past a moving vertical porous plate in the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction. The governing partial differential equations are reduced to a system of self-similar equations using the similarity transformations. The resultant equations are then solved numerically using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method along with the shooting technique. The results are obtained for the velocity, temperature, concentration, skin-friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number. The effects of various parameters on flow variables are illustrated graphically, and the physical aspects of the problem are discussed.
CONSTRUÇÕES CAUSATIVAS SINTÉTICAS: UMA ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE A GRAMÁTICA GERATIVA E A GRAMÁTICA DE CONSTRUÇÕES 1 SYNTHETIC CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN GENERATIVE GRAMMAR AND CONSTRUCTION GRAMMAR

The aim of this paper is to analyze comparatively the simple causative sentences derived from conventionalized scenarios from English with synthetic causative sentences from Brazilian Portuguese (BP). For this work, we adopted as theoretical framework the Generative Theory (Chomsky, 1981, 1999, 2002; Raposo, 1992; Mioto, 2007; Pylkkanen 2002 2008; Blanco 2010, 2011; Silva, 2009; Milanio, 2014) and the Construction Grammar (Goldberg, 1995). In relation to semantic properties of these constructions, we identified that they share an ambiguous reading of thematic role of the subject position. Moreover, these constructions are formed with verbs which have semantic properties that require alienable instruments that can be exchanged between individuals. Therefore, we assume that these constructions have a caused with the trace (+ agentive) that is not realized phonetically, although it is part of the argument structure of the verb. These caused (+agentive) have an arbitrary interpretation as an undetermined subject that is able to execute the verbal action. In relation to syntactic properties, these constructions require the functional cores VoiceP and vPCAUSE to enable the projection of cause and caused (agentive +) arguments, respectively. These crosslinguistic analysis enable us to see that simple causative sentence in English and causative synthetic sentences in Portuguese share syntactic and semantic properties.
Psychiatric Symptoms and Cognitive Disorders in Behçet’s Disease: A Single-Center, Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Behçet’s disease (BD) is a rare form of vasculitis involving both veins and arteries of all calibers. Psychological symptoms and cognitive impairment appear to be frequent, but few data are available. Methods: All consecutive patients in our center fulfilling the 2013 BD criteria underwent a psychometric evaluation with auto- (SCL-90-R and Modified Fatigue Index) and hetero-questionnaires (MINI). A standardized test battery assessed cognitive dysfunction. Data were correlated with BD activity as well as quality of life (SF-36). Results: We included 20 consecutive patients (16 men, four women) with a median [IQR] age of 38 (30.0–45.5) and a median disease duration of 7 years (1.8–11.0). Five patients had an abnormal brain MRI. The SCL-90-R questionnaire highlighted eight psychopathological profiles (42.1%) that correlated with altered quality of life and more severe fatigue. The most frequent symptoms were anxiety (9/19, 47.4%), somatization (8/19, 42.1%) and phobia (5/19, 26.3%). Psychopathological symptoms appeared to be more severe, but not more frequent, in neuro-Behçet’s patients. Based on standardized cognitive evaluation, nine patients had cognitive impairment defined by three or more altered tests. Notably, 6/9 patients did not have any complaint of memory loss and were thus considered ansognostic. Conclusion: Cognitive involvement was significantly associated with BD activity score (BSAS) but not with brain MRI abnormalities.
COVID-19’s Impact on the Pan African Sanctuary Alliance: Challenging Times and Resilience from Its Members

Simple Summary Sanctuaries have important roles in the in situ conservation of wildlife, including research (e.g., the monitoring of populations) and applied conservation (e.g., translocations). As a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, many sanctuaries have been impacted, especially due to the reduction in income from ecotourism. We analyzed the responses of the 23 sanctuary members of the Pan African Sanctuary Alliance (PASA) to the COVID-19 pandemic, analyzing the periods before, at the start of, and during the pandemic in terms of primates rescued, employees, and expenses. Overall, sanctuaries managed to continue their activities despite the significant limitation to their incomes. We suggest the best measures to be taken to mitigate the post-pandemic effects and to prevent future outbreaks. Abstract The worldwide pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 challenged conservation organizations. The lack of tourism has benefited or negatively affected wildlife organizations in various ways, with several primate sanctuaries struggling to cope with the COVID-19 crisis and to keep providing for their inhabitants. In addition, the genetic similarity between great apes and humans puts them at higher risk than any other species for the transmission of COVID-19. PASA is a non-profit organization comprising 23 sanctuaries, and cares for many species of primate, including African great apes. In light of the pandemic, we aimed to understand the direct effects of COVID-19 on PASA management throughout three time periods: before (2018–2019), at the start of (2019–2020), and during (2020–2021) the pandemic. We collected data via annual surveys for PASA members and ran Generalized Linear Mixed Models to highlight any significant differences in their management that could be linked to COVID-19. Our findings demonstrated no particular impact on the number of primates rescued, employees, or expenses. However, revenues have been decreasing post-COVID-19 due to the lack of income from tourism and volunteer programs. Nonetheless, our results reveal a form of resilience regarding the sanctuaries and the strategy applied to maintain their management. Consequently, we emphasize the specific impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak and its repercussions for conservation work. We discuss the difficulties that sanctuaries have faced throughout the crisis and present the best measures to prevent future outbreaks and protect biodiversity.
Global Optimization of Signomial Mixed-integer Nonlinear Programming Problems with Free Variables

This study proposes a global optimization algorithm for locating global minimum of a signomial mixed-integer nonlinear programming(SMINLP)problems with free variables.By utilizing equivalent transformation,free variables in SMINLP are first transformed into positive variables,by convexication strategies are relaxation convex programming(RCP)about SMINLP is then established.The proposed branch and bound algorithm is convergent to the global minimum of SMINLP through the successive renement of the feasible region of RCP and the solutions of a series of RCP.
Robust Structure Preserving Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Dimensionality Reduction

As a linear dimensionality reduction method, nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been widely used in many fields, such as machine learning and data mining. However, there are still two major drawbacks for NMF: (a) NMF can only perform semantic factorization in Euclidean space, and it fails to discover the intrinsic geometrical structure of high-dimensional data distribution. (b) NMF suffers from noisy data, which are commonly encountered in real-world applications. To address these issues, in this paper, we present a new robust structure preserving nonnegative matrix factorization (RSPNMF) framework. In RSPNMF, a local affinity graph and a distant repulsion graph are constructed to encode the geometrical information, and noisy data influence is alleviated by characterizing the data reconstruction term of NMF with -norm instead of -norm. With incorporation of the local and distant structure preservation regularization term into the robust NMF framework, our algorithm can discover a low-dimensional embedding subspace with the nature of structure preservation. RSPNMF is formulated as an optimization problem and solved by an effective iterative multiplicative update algorithm. Experimental results on some facial image datasets clustering show significant performance improvement of RSPNMF in comparison with the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Potential remote forcing of North Atlantic SST tripole anomalies on the seesaw haze intensity between late winter months in the North China plain: A case study

This study identified a prominent temporal seesaw haze intensity case that occurred between the late winter months of 2010 in the North China Plain (NCP), featuring considerably suppressed haze intensity in January and enhanced haze intensity in the adjacent month of February in 2011. We suggest that dramatic alternations of atmospheric and oceanic anomalies played fundamental roles in forming this seesaw haze intensity case, rather than changes in manmade emission anomalies. The suppressed haze intensity in January 2011 was tied to an equivalent barotropic cyclonic anomaly that dominated the NCP and its surroundings, which generated in situ haze‐suppressed meteorology characterized by strengthened lower‐level northerly anomalies with cold and dry conditions, as well as elevated boundary layer height and destabilized atmospheric stratification. In stark contrast, the enhanced haze intensity in February 2011 was connected to an equivalent barotropic anticyclonic anomaly, linking a haze‐favourable meteorology opposite to that in January 2011. The pronounced North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) tripole anomalies, with positive anomalies in the tropical and mid‐latitudinal North Atlantic and negative anomalies in the subtropical North Atlantic, made a significant contribution to the above‐mentioned seesaw haze intensity case. Diagnostic analyses suggested that the January North Atlantic SST tripole anomalies were linked to a significant negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)‐like pattern, which acted as the source of the Rossby wave train to generate concurrent haze‐suppressed meteorology over the NCP. In February, although the NAO‐like pattern was drastically dampened, the enhanced barotropic cyclonic anomaly centred southeast of the Yamal Peninsula played a critical role in relaying the impact of January tripole SST anomalies, thus inducing concurrent haze‐favourable meteorology. Consequently, January North Atlantic SST tripole anomalies could exert an effective modulation effect on the generation of seesaw haze intensity. The proposed mechanism was further verified using the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble Numerical Simulation (CESM‐LENS) datasets.
Language variation in teacher speech in a dual immersion preschool

This study investigates the language input provided for English-Mandarin emergent bilingual children in a California English-Mandarin dual immersion preschool. As illustrated in previous studies, teacher speech in foreign language classrooms often serves as the native standard of the target language, thus necessarily limiting students’ exposure to stylistic variation. The current research focused on the language input for emergent bilingual preschoolers who were Chinese heritage language learners and the use of sociolinguistic variables, including Mandarin lexical tones and word-initial sibilants, by their teachers. Results show that although the teachers perceived their classroom roles differently, they tried to provide clear and rich Mandarin input with tonal and sibilant variables that were used in consistent patterns. Except for the constraints of the linguistic environment, standard variables were preferred in classroom discourse. This implies that the particular needs of the English-dominant children to acquire Mandarin have been acknowledged and addressed by teachers. This type of modification in language input may affect children’s development of phonetic categories and their sociolinguistic competence.
Application of the finite and boundary element coupling method to solve wave force

The finite and boundary element coupling method is utilized to calculate the wave force acting on a vertical circular cylinder in the three-dimensional unbounded region. The whole region is divided into two parts, the inner domain and the outer domain. In the inner domain, the finite element method is adopted and in the outer domain the boundary element method is used to calculate the question. The above coupling method is feasible according to weighted residual method. The computer program is developed to calculate the wave force acting on the vertical circular cylinder. The numerical results are in good agreement with the theoretical values, which show the effectiveness of the method.
The wide-band coherent signal-subspace processing based on propagator method

The narrow band propagator method is introduced to the wideband signal-subspace processing in the direction finding problem. A new technique is presented to compute the focusing matrices. It needs no direction pre-estimationor matrix decomposition, so the focusing matrices are insensitive to the signals' directions and the computation is simple.Then, the propagator method is extended to the focused covariance matrix to find the directions of the sources. Thewhole estimation process avoids the rather expensive matrix decomposition. The results of simulations support theeffectiveness of the new method.