Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Activation Regulates Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein and Fmr1 mRNA Localization Differentially in Dendrites and at Synapses

Fragile X syndrome is caused by the absence of the mRNA-binding protein Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), which may play a role in activity-regulated localization and translation of mRNA in dendrites and at synapses. We investigated whether neuronal activity and glutamatergic signals regulate trafficking of FMRP and its encoding Fmr1 mRNA into dendrites or at synapses. Using high-resolution fluorescence and digital imaging microscopy in cultured hippocampal neurons, FMRP and Fmr1 mRNA were localized in granules throughout dendrites and within spines. KCl depolarization rapidly increased FMRP and Fmr1 mRNA levels in dendrites. Metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) activation, in particular mGluR5 activation, was necessary for localization of FMRP into dendrites. Blockade of either PKC or internal calcium prevented mGluR-dependent localization of both FMRP and Fmr1 mRNA in dendrites. The activity-dependent localization of FMRP was not dependent on protein synthesis. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis of live neurons transfected with enhanced green fluorescent protein–FMRP revealed increased granule trafficking in response to KCl depolarization. In contrast to its dendritic localization, mGluR activation diminished FMRP, but not Fmr1 mRNA, localization at synapses. These results demonstrate regulation of FMRP and Fmr1 mRNA trafficking in dendrites and synapses in response to specific glutamatergic signals.
Optical interference cancellation in visible light identification system based on wireless mesh network topology

Identification (ID) systems utilizing visible light are an interesting topic, and have been attracting the growing attention of researchers recently. However, LED transmitters with a unique ID illuminate a limited coverage area, therefore, limiting the communication coverage. In order to extend the communication coverage, we proposed wireless mesh networks (WMNs) for relaying the information. Routing operations in WMNs might be challenging due to various factors. In this paper we analyze the link error probability and optical power loss. Based on our proposed network topology, we further found an effective scheme, multi-stage parallel interference cancellation (PIC), to alleviate the negative impacts due to interference which comes from multi-user data transmission.
American federalism and racial formation in contemporary immigration policy: a processual analysis of Alabama’s HB56

ABSTRACT Racialization scholarship identifies the state as a primary site of racial formation. Most of this research envisions the state as a uniform entity, with race-making occurring at a single level of political action. Analysing Latino racialization in immigration debates in Alabama, we argue that state-driven racialization occurs at multiple levels of governance. Although Alabama’s 2011 HB56 is widely recognized as state-enforced Latino racialization, we find that the bill resulted from mutually reinforcing racialization practices and policies that played out at multiple levels of immigration governance. These findings not only present a revisionist history of HB56, they suggest that any account of states and racialization requires a nuanced and complex understanding of the state, its institutional structure, and its operations. Individual state institutions may do different work as race makers, but race-making efforts by federal, state, and local actors interact to produce both racialized subjects and racial hierarchies.
Design and analysis of adaptive-bandwidth all-digital phase-locked loop

To obtain better locking performance and wider locking range, the adaptive-bandwidth all-digital phase-locked loop (AB-ADPLL) is proposed and designed in the paper. With the AB-ADPLL, the parameters of the digital loop filter can be adaptively adjusted using a parameter estimator in accordance with the input frequency. From the design example given in the context and corresponding simulation results, it is disclosed that the AB-ADPLL outperforms the non-adaptive ADPLL.
A case series to examine whether people with learning disabilities can learn prerequisite skills for cognitive behavioural therapy

Abstract Although cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended for the treatment of a number of mental disorders among the general population, the ability of individuals with learning disabilities (LD) to understand CBT concepts and engage in CBT has been questioned. Aims: To examine whether specific prerequisite skills for CBT can be taught to people with LD using a newly developed training intervention and to investigate the acceptability of the intervention. Method: The study adopted a within-subjects case series research design. Quantitative assessment methods were used to evaluate the CBT skills of six adults with mild to moderate LD pre-intervention, following intervention and at 1-week follow-up. Participants were also asked to provide some qualitative feedback about how they had experienced the intervention. Results: The cognitive mediation skills and the ability of most participants to link activating events to emotions increased following intervention training and this improvement was maintained for four of them at follow-up. The feedback of participants regarding the process and content of the task demands was positive. Conclusions: The findings suggest that people with LD can learn some of the skills considered necessary to participate in CBT, such as cognitive mediation. However, further and more robust research is required to substantiate these findings.
Public space as a design factor in sharable technologies

This position paper reports on some very early collaboration between an interaction design research group at Huddersfield University (live:lab) and a not-for-profit organisation known as Blink Media, also based in Huddersfield. Blink Media are grant funded through bodies such as NESTA and The Arts Council. Collaboration with live:lab was formed through a common interest in the design of creative user experiences using emerging and innovative technologies with an appreciation that our respective approaches were very different. Blink Media create artefacts and user experiences that are purely novel, intriguing and engaging. In contrast live:lab’s approach is to build an empirical and theoretical understanding of interaction design in terms of novel interactive technologies and in particular pragmatic design techniques required to develop them.
Study on logotype design based on target impression

This paper proposes a support system for logotype design based on impression of a target logotype. The presented system has the impression estimate part, the logotype generation part and the logotype modification part. Especially, this paper describes the roles of the impression estimate part and the logotype generation part, and the procedure of generating an initial logotype design. Impression of a target logotype, which is expressed using an adjective, and a character string are inputted to the system. In the impression estimate part, the inputted adjective is analyzed by the concept of co-occurrence of adjectives and its impression value is obtained. The logotype generation part has an impression space that expresses a factor structure of impression of a logotype, which is obtained by factor analysis of data in the pre-experiment. This part generates logotype candidate that has the lowest degree of dissimilarity of the impression value among impression values of logotype samples in the impression space comparing with the impression value of an inputted adjective. The results of the subject experiment show that the initial logotype design generated by presented method reflects the inputted impression well.
Analysis of simulated and spaceborne passive microwave brightness temperatures using in situ measurements of snow and vegetation properties

Variations in snow cover and vegetation in the Province of Quebec, Canada, were characterized for a transect spanning from 50°N to 60°N during the International Polar Year field campaign of February 2008. The main objective of this study was to compare measured (AMSR-E) and modeled (MEMLS) brightness temperature (Tb) and to analyze differences in the in situ measurement of snow water equivalent (SWE) and vegetation. Sampling involved detailed snow measurements on the ground in four different ecological environments. Measured and modeled SWE were compared using a thermodynamic multilayered snow model (SNOWPACK) driven with North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) data. The root mean square error (RMSE) of modeled data compared with measurements was 63 mm (30%). The simulated SWE was generally underestimated throughout the transect but stayed within the large standard deviation observed for measured SWE. In situ snow measurements were used as input to a microwave emission model (MEMLS) to simulate Tb. An innovative approach using calibrated near-infrared reflectance photographs was used to characterize the effective snow grain-size parameter needed for the radiative transfer model. Although some results provided Tb predictions similar to AMSR-E data for certain areas, large differences remained for the majority of sampling sites. The derived RMSE of 16 K and 32 K, respectively, for 18.7 and 36.5 GHz (vertical polarization) throughout the transect cannot be explained solely in terms of grain-size variations introduced into the simulations. Local variability in snow structure and thickness produced large variability (up to 60 K within one AMSR-E pixel) compared with AMSR-E Tb throughout the transect (15 K for 18.7 GHz and 35 K for 36.5 GHz).
Study on the effective visual navigation for an alife mobile robot

Autonomous navigation is one of the most important characteristics for a mobile robot. Because of slipping and some incorrigible drift errors for sensors, it is difficult for a mobile robot to realize self-location after a long distance navigation. In this paper, the perceptual landmarks were used to solve this problem, and the visual serving control was adopted for the robot to realize self-location. At the same time, in order to detect and extract the artificial landmarks robustly under different illuminating conditions, the color model of the landmarks was built in the HSV color space. These functions were all tested in real time under experiment conditions.
Fungi Infecting Plants and Animals: Killers, Non-Killers, and Cell Death

Fungi occupy every inhabitable ecological niche on earth [1]. Environmental requirements vary, from species with very specificones to species that can live under a broad range of conditions.Pathogenic fungi are those species that occupy and derivenutrients from living organisms. Some fungal pathogens com-pletely depend on their host, while others can prosper in additionalenvironments. Fungal host restrictions also vary considerably,from single-host-specific species to broad-host-range pathogensthat can cause disease in a large number of different hosts. Anextreme example is the genus Fusarium, with species that causediseases in thousands of plant species as well as in animals,including humans [2]. Thus, while plants and animals present verydifferent environments (hosts in the case of pathogens), the fungithat attack them are phylogenetically closely related. The samepathogenicity principles might therefore be used by animal andplant pathogens, albeit with some variation.
Studies in the Way of Words.

This volume, Grice's first hook, includes the long-delayed publication of his enormously influential 1967 William James Lectures. But there is much, much more in this work. Paul Grice himself has carefully arranged and framed the sequence of essays to emphasize not a certain set of ideas but a habit of mind, a style of philosophizing. Grice has, to be sure, provided philosophy with crucial ideas. His account of speaker-meaning is the standard that others use to define their own minor divergences or future elaborations. His discussion of conversational implicatures has given philosophers an important tool for the investigation of all sorts of problems; it has also laid the foundation for a great deal of work by other philosophers and linguists about presupposition. His metaphysical defense of absolute values is starting to be considered the beginning of a new phase in philosophy. This is a vital book for all who are interested in Anglo-American philosophy.
Di erential invariants and curved Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand sequences

We give a simple construction of the Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand sequences of natural differential operators on a manifold equipped with a parabolic geometry. This method permits us to define the additional structure of a bilinear differential cup product on this sequence, satisfying a Leibniz rule up to curvature terms. It is not associative, but is part of an A-infinity algebra of multilinear differential operators, which we also obtain explicitly. We illustrate the construction in the case of conformal differential geometry, where the cup product provides a wide-reaching generalization of helicity raising and lowering for conformally invariant field equations.
Publication Patterns in Dream Research: Trends in the Medical and Psychological

The annual rate of journal publications is a pertinent index of a scientific field's prosperity. In 'he present study, annual publication rates were calculated for the field of dream research using both medical (Index Medicus, MEDLINE) and psychological (PsychINFO) reference databases. A composite profile from the medical database spanning 111 years revealed very similar changes in publishing levels following the release of Freud's (1958/1900) The Interpretation of Dreams and the publication in Science of Aserinsky and Kleitman's (1953) article on dreaming and "rapid, jerky eye movements. n In both cases, the peak year occurred about 15 years after release of the work, and the peak was followed by a precipitous 3-year drop and- then a slow- and yet variable decline. In the more recent case, the peak level (reached in 1969) dropped (during 1970-1972) by about half and has continued a slow decline to the present day. As is the case with basic sleep research, this level of activity does not keep pace with either (1) global growth in scientific publishing or (2) growth in related sleep disciplines, particularly, sleep disorders and chronobiology. The psychological database confirms many features of the medical database profile-but is advanced by 1 year, i.e., a publishing peak in 1968, a drop from 1969-1971, and a slow decline until 1980. In this case, however, 1981 marks the beginning of a period of renewed growth that has endured to the present. This divergence between the two publishing profiles may reflect the field's shift from psychophysiological to cognitive and dream analytic approaches since the early 1980s.
The habitable zone of earth-like planets around 47 UMa

The system of 47 UMa consists of two Jupiter-size planets beyond the outer edge of the stellar habitable zone, and thus resembles our own Solar System rather closely. The habitability of this system for Earthlike planets is investigated following a concept, which assumes the long-term possibility of photosynthetic biomass production under geodynamic conditions. In particular, the stellar luminosity and the age of the star/planet system are of fundamental importance for planetary habitability. Our study considers different types of planetary continental growth models. In the event of successful formation, we find that Earth-like habitable planets around 47 UMa are in principle possible.
The problem of distressed personality in a group of female footballers representing a club in the women’s first football league in Poland

Purpose. One of the keys to identifying health problems from the holistic perspective is the knowledge of type D personality (distressed personality). Diagnosing this personality disorder among female football players may help sports psychologists, coaches, parents/caregivers, and all those engaged in training new sports entrants develop guidelines on how to resolve the problem. Methods. the study involved female footballers representing a Polish Ekstraliga football club, AZS-PSW Biała Podlaska, and was conducted with the use of the Polish adaptation of the DS14 scale. Results. In a group of 21 footballers, 7 (33.3%) were diagnosed with type D personality. Besides, a negative correlation was noted between the level of satisfaction with playing football and one of the dimensions of type D personality – negative emotionality. Conclusions. the results of the study may be applicable in formulating practical recommendations while preparing mental training programmes.
A Novel Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation Method Based on Line Operator and Edge Detector

The segmented blood vessel in retinal images is an important indicator in medical treatment. In 2007, Ricci and Perfetti proposed a simple and efficient blood vessel segmentation method based on line operator. However, this scheme makes some false segmentation when it is used to process the pixels which are close to a thick blood vessel. To overcome the above problem, a novel retinal blood vessel segmentation method based on line operator and edge detector, also called (RBVSLE), was proposed. The RBVSLE enhances the contrast of the green-channel of the retinal images. Next, the RBVSLE creates the edge map, which is denoted as vessel growth seed map, by using a canny detector. Finally, the RBVSLE segments vessel pixel by line operator from vessel growth seed map. Experimental results confirm the accuracy rate of RBVSLE is approximately 94% which is significantly better than other methods.
Calcineurin plays a critical role in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy is a fundamental adaptive response to hemodynamic overload; how mechanical load induces cardiac hypertrophy, however, remains elusive. It was recently reported that activation of a calcium-dependent phosphatase, calcineurin, induces cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study, we examined whether calcineurin plays a critical role in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Pressure overload produced by constriction of the abdominal aorta increased the activity of calcineurin in the rat heart and induced cardiac hypertrophy, including reprogramming of gene expression. Treatment of rats with a calcineurin inhibitor, FK506, inhibited the activation of calcineurin and prevented the pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis without change of hemodynamic parameters. Load-induced expression of immediate-early-response genes and fetal genes was also suppressed by the FK506 treatment. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that the calcineurin signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in load-induced cardiac hypertrophy and may pave the way for a novel pharmacological approach to prevent cardiac hypertrophy.
The long-term effects of wide laminectomy for lumbar disc excision. A review of 130 patients.

1. The results of wide laminectomy of the fifth lumbar vertebra and disc excision in 132 patients are reviewed and compared with some published results of the interlaminar operation. 2. There was no significant difference in either the immediate or the long-term results of the two operations suggesting that post-operative morbidity was not related to operative technique. 3. The incidence of post-operative back pain was found to increase with age at operation, duration of pre-operative symptoms and length of follow-up, and supported the impression that backache is predominantly a feature of the underlying degenerative process rather than the incidental operation. 4. The significance of recurrent disc lesions is discussed. Recurrence usually occurred at the previously cleared disc space and was thought to indicate incomplete degeneration of the disc at the time of the original operation. 5. The place of fusion combined with disc excision is discussed. No reliable indications for coincident fusion were found in this series. 6. The value of radiography is discussed. Plain radiographs were essential before operation to exclude other causes of backache and sciatica; otherwise they were of little value. Motion radiographs were no more helpful and myelography was used only when the level of the lesion was in doubt. 7. The risk of an acute cauda equina lesion following manipulation of a prolapsed lumbar disc is noted and the danger of manipulation, unless facilities for emergency surgery are available, is stressed.
Validation of the Job-Hopping Motives Scale

Job-hopping is the practice of making frequent voluntary job changes. Integrating theory and research from career and organizational turnover research, two distinct motives for job-hopping were proposed. The escape motive describes frequently changing jobs to escape disliked work environments, whereas the advancement motive describes frequently changing jobs as a means of career advancement. A self-report measure of job-hopping motives was developed and validated using responses from 221 students and 1,528 adults. Factor analysis showed that the motives are distinct but moderately related. The escape motive was associated with negative reactivity (impulsivity, negative affect) and script-based turnover decisions. The advancement motive was associated with positive proactivity (persistence, growth need strength), and protean, boundaryless, and kaleidoscope career theory components. Both motives were associated with organizational withdrawal, quick turnover decisions, and increased turnover. Job-hopping motives predicted historic job change rate over and above demographic, career, and organizational turnover variables.
Epidemiology of bovine hemoprotozoa parasites in cattle and water buffalo in Vietnam

A PCR-based survey of hemoprotozoa parasites detected Babesia bigemina, Theileria orientalis and Trypanosoma theileri among cattle and water buffalo in Vietnam, and a new Babesia sp. closely related to Babesia ovata was detected in cattle only. In addition, Theileria annulata and Trypanosoma evansi were not detected in both cattle and water buffalo. Phylogenetic analysis detected T. orientalis MPSP genotypes 3, 5, 7 and N3 in cattle and 5, 7, N1 and N2 in water buffalo. Additionally, water buffalo-derived T. theileri CATL sequences clustered together with a previously reported cattle-derived sequence from Vietnam. This is the first report of a new Babesia sp. in cattle, and T. orientalis MPSP genotype 7 and T. theileri in water buffalo in Vietnam.
Managing Trajectories of Moving Objects as Data Streams

The advent of modern monitoring applications, such as location-based services, presents several new challenges when dealing with continuously evolving spatiotemporal information. Frequent updates in the positions of moving objects, unexpected fluctuations in data volume and the requirement for real-time responses to continuous spatiotemporal queries indicate the limitations of traditional database systems. We attempt to model management of moving objects with the underlying assumption that their trajectories are essentially continuous, time- varying and possibly unbounded data streams. We propose a basic framework for managing trajectory streams, and suggest the introduction of enhanced constructs for advanced query capabilities. Our first experience with querying moving objects in two data stream prototype systems is promising for the feasibility and extensibility of this approach.