Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ramp-up of first SiGe circuits for mobile communications: positioning of SiGe vs. GaAs and silicon

This paper reviews the current competition and potential of GaAs, SiGe and Si components in DECT, GSM, CDMA and PDC wireless communication systems. Results of the first products designed in a SiGe bipolar technology, e.g. dual band low noise amplifiers and PLL prescalers, are presented.
Tri-state single-phase integrated inverters with input to output power decoupling control

Researches on control for power electronics have looked for original solutions in order to advance renewable resources feasibility, specially the photovoltaic (PV). In this context, for PV renewable energy source the usage of compact, high efficiency, low cost and reliable converters are very attractive. In this context, two improved simplified converters, namely Tri-state Boost and Tri-state Buck-Boost integrated single-phase inverters, are achieved with the presented Tri-state modulation and control schemes, which guarantees the input to output power decoupling control. This feature enhances the field of single-phase PV inverters once the energy storage is mainly inductive. The main features of the proposal are confirmed with some simulations and experimental results.
COOL SUBDWARF INVESTIGATIONS. III. DYNAMICAL MASSES OF LOW-METALLICITY SUBDWARFS

We report dynamical mass measurements for the components of the previously known double-lined spectroscopic subdwarfs G 006-026 B and C using the Fine Guidance Sensors on the Hubble Space Telescope. To build the empirical mass–luminosity relation for low-metallicity subdwarfs, we collect four other subdwarf systems with dynamical masses that we compare to theoretical models for various metallicities on the mass–luminosity relation. For most stars, they fall in the regions where the models predict them to be low metallicity. This effort highlights the scarcity of dynamical masses for subdwarfs, and that much work remains to be done to improve the mass errors and metallicity measurements of low-mass subdwarfs in our Galaxy.
Ju n 20 05 Optical Constraints on an X-ray Transient Source in M 31

We have detected a transient X-ray source in the M31 bulge through a continuing monitoring campaign with the Chandra ACIS-I camera. The source was detected at R.A. =00:42:33.428 ± 0.11, Dec.=+41:17:03.37 ± 0.11 in only a single observation taken 2004-May-23. Fortuitous optical HST/ACS imaging of the transient location prior to the X-ray outburst, along with follow-up HST/ACS imaging during and after the outburst, reveals no transient optical source brighter than B (equivalent) = 25.5. The location of the source and its X-ray properties suggest it is a low mass X-ray binary (LMXB). Assuming the transient is similar to many Galactic X-ray novae, the X-ray luminosity of (3.9±0.5)×10 erg s and the upper-limit on the optical luminosity provide a prediction of <1.6 days for the orbital period of the binary system. Subject headings: X-rays: binaries — binaries: close — X-rays: stars — galaxies: individual (M31)
Programmed Symptoms: Disparate Effects United by Purpose

Central sensitivity syndromes (CSS) share features of similar multiple symptoms, virtually unknown mechanisms and lack of effective treatments. The CSS nomenclature was chosen over alternatives because it focused on a putative physiological mechanism of central sensitization common to disorders such as fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, vulvodynia and temporomandibular disorder. Increasing evidence from multiple biological systems suggests a further development. In this new model central sensitization is part of a ensemble that includes also the symptoms of widespread pain, fatigue, unrefreshing sleep and dyscognition. The main feature is an intrinsic program that produces this ensemble to guide behavior to restore normal function in conditions that threaten survival. The well known “illness response” is a classic example that is triggered in response to the specific threat of viral infection. The major leap for this model in the context of CSS is that the symptom complex is not a reactive result of pathology, but a purposeful feeling state enlisted to combat pathology. Once triggered, this state is produced by potential mechanisms that likely include contributions of the peripheral and central immune systems, as well as stress response systems such as the autonomic system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. These act in concert to alter behavior in a beneficial direction. This concept explains similar symptoms for many triggering conditions, the poorly understood pathology, and the resistance to treatment.
Convergence of the One-Dimensional Cahn-Hilliard Equation

We consider the Cahn--Hilliard equation in one space dimension with scaling parameter $\varepsilon$, i.e., $u_t = (W'(u)-\varepsilon^2 u_{xx})_{xx}$, where $W$ is a nonconvex potential. In the limit $\varepsilon\downarrow 0$, under the assumption that the initial data are energetically well prepared, we show the convergence to a Stefan problem. The proof is based on variational methods and exploits the gradient flow structure of the Cahn--Hilliard equation.
MENUMBUHKAN KARAKTER KONSERVASI BIODIVERSITAS MELALUI PENERAPAN SPECIES IDENTIFICATION AND RESPONSE SOFTWARE

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi Species Identification and Response Software (SIRS) pada Mata Kuliah Konservasi Keanekaragaman hayati dalam menumbuhkan karakter konservasi pada diri mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (action research) dengan langkah-langkah penelitian yang meliputi tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi.Penerapan pembelajaran mata kuliah Konservasi Keanekaragaman Hayati berbasis aplikasi SIRS terbukti mampu meningkatkan nilai-nilai karakter konservasi biodiversitas yang meliputi awareness, knowledge, attitudes, skills dan participation. Kenaikan terbesar terjadi pada participation (50 %), pada aspek knowledge terjadi peningkatan sebesar 6.3 %. Pada indikator attitude terjadi kenaikan sebesar 12.5 %. Indikator skill berada di urutan paling bawah dalam peningkatan masing-masing indikator karakter yang tidak menunjukkan adanya kenaikan yang berarti.
VMKit: a Substrate for Virtual Machines

Developing and optimizing a virtual machine (VM) is a tedious task that requires many years of development. Although VMs share some common principles, such as a Just In Time Compiler or a Garbage Collector, this opportunity for sharing hash not been yet exploited in implementing VMs. This paper describes and evaluates VMKit, a first attempt to build a common substrate that eases the development of high-level VMs. VMKit has been successfully used to build three VMs: a Java Virtual Machine, a Common Language Runtime and a lisp-like language with type inference uvml. Our precise contribution is an extensive study of the lessons learnt in implementing such common infrastructure from a performance and an ease of development standpoint. Our performance study shows that VMKit does not degrade performance on CPU-intensive applications, but still requires engineering efforts to compete with other VMs on memory intensive applications. Our high level VMs are only 20,000 lines of code, it took one of the author a month to develop a Common Language Runtime and implementing new ideas in the VMs was remarkably easy.
Social Power and Power Over Space: How the Bourgeoisie Reproduces itself in the City

Urban sociology has long ignored districts of wealth and privilege in cities because they harbor few â€˜social problemsâ€™ and the class background of sociologists has not inclined them to venture there. In France after 1968, the continued attraction of Marxism and the sulfurous reputation of sociology conspired to make such investigation difficult. Pierre Bourdieu pioneered it with his landmark book on the bourgeoisie, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. This essay reports on two decades of research extending Bourdieu's model of social space to study the territories and strategies of the French high bourgeoisie and aristocracy. The dominant class lives in reserved upscale districts and this seclusion, resulting from the elective spatial aggregation of familial dynasties, is a fundamental characteristic of the group. Segregative isolation is strengthened by specific institutions, such as society balls and social clubs, entrusted with effecting class closure and perpetuation. But, in the greater Paris region, the best districts also attract businesses (corporate headquarters, luxury firms), and thus employment that prompts the established bourgeoisie to migrate westwards in an endless search for social exclusivity. In addition to their Paris homes, upperâ€ class dynasties possess family properties (a castle or a large manor house) in the provincial hinterland that serve as a basis for paternalistic forms of sociability, linking them to the local lower class via such institutions as riding to hounds. Spaces reserved by and for the high bourgeoisie are major vectors of social reproduction and, along with family and elite schools, help to train heirs suited to safeguarding and valorizing their inherited assets.
Generation of hematopoietic repopulating cells from human embryonic stem cells independent of ectopic HOXB4 expression

Despite the need for alternative sources of human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the functional capacity of hematopoietic cells generated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) has yet to be evaluated and compared with adult sources. Here, we report that somatic and hESC-derived hematopoietic cells have similar phenotype and in vitro clonogenic progenitor activity. However, in contrast with somatic cells, hESC-derived hematopoietic cells failed to reconstitute intravenously transplanted recipient mice because of cellular aggregation causing fatal emboli formation. Direct femoral injection allowed recipient survival and resulted in multilineage hematopoietic repopulation, providing direct evidence of HSC function. However, hESC-derived HSCs had limited proliferative and migratory capacity compared with somatic HSCs that correlated with a distinct gene expression pattern of hESC-derived hematopoietic cells that included homeobox (HOX) A and B gene clusters. Ectopic expression of HOXB4 had no effect on repopulating capacity of hESC-derived cells. We suggest that limitations in the ability of hESC-derived HSCs to activate a molecular program similar to somatic HSCs may contribute to their atypical in vivo behavior. Our study demonstrates that HSCs can be derived from hESCs and provides an in vivo system and molecular foundation to evaluate strategies for the generation of clinically transplantable HSC from hESC lines.
Galaxy surface photometry

We describe galaxy surface photometry based on fitting ellipses to the isophotes of the galaxies. Example galaxies with different isophotal shapes are used to illustrate the process, including how the deviations from elliptical isophotes are quantified using Fourier expansions. We show how the definitions of the Fourier coefficients employed by different authors are linked. As examples of applications of surface photometry we discuss the determination of the relative disk luminosities and the inclinations for E and S0 galaxies. We also describe the color-magnitude and color-color relations. When using both near-infrared and optical photometry, the age-metallicity degeneracy may be broken. Finally we discuss the Fundamental Plane where surface photometry is combined with spectroscopy. It is shown how the FP can be used as a sensitive tool to study galaxy evolution.
Coupling Analysis Between Twitter and Call Centre

Social media has been contributing many research areas such as data mining, recommender systems, time series analysis, etc. However, there are not many successful applications regarding social media in government agencies. In fact, lots of governments have social media accounts such as twitter and facebook. More and more customers are likely to communicate with governments on social media, causing massive external social media data for governments. This external data would be beneficial for analysing behaviours and real needs of the customers. Besides this, most governments also have a call centre to help customers solve their problems. It is not difficult to imagine that the enquiries on external social media and internal call centre may have some coupling relationships. The couplings could be helpful for studying customers' intent and allocating government's limited resources for better service. In this paper, we mainly focus on analysing the coupling relations between internal call centre and external public media using time series analysis methods for Australia Department of Immigration and Border Protec-tion. The discovered couplings demonstrate that call centre and public media indeed have correlations, which are significant for understanding customers' behaviours.
A ROSAT study of the cores of clusters of galaxies — I. Cooling flows in an X-ray flux-limited sample

ABSTRA C T This is the first part of a study of the detailed X-ray properties of the cores of nearby clusters. We have used the flux-limited sample of 55 clusters listed by Edge et al., and archival and proprietary data from the ROSAT observatory. In this paper an X-ray spatial analysis based on the surface-brightness-deprojection technique is applied to the clusters in the sample with the aim of studying their cooling flow properties. We determine the fraction of cooling flows in this sample to be 70‐90 per cent, and estimate the contribution of the flow region to the cluster Xray luminosity. We show that the luminosity within a strong cooling flow can account for up to 70 per cent of a cluster X-ray bolometric luminosity. Our analysis indicates that about 40 per cent of the clusters in the sample have flows depositing more than 100 M( yr π1 throughout the cooling region, and that these possibly have been undisturbed for many Gyr, confirming that cooling flows are the natural state of cluster cores. New cooling flows in the sample are presented, and previously ambiguous ones are clarified. We have constructed a catalogue of some intracluster medium properties for the clusters in this sample. The profiles of the mass deposited from cooling flows are analysed, and evidence is presented for the existence of breaks in some of the profiles. Comparison is made to recent optical and radio data. We crosscorrelate our sample with the Green Bank, NVSS and FIRST surveys, and with the volumelimited sample of brightest cluster galaxies presented by Lauer & Postman. Although weak trends exist, no strong correlation between optical magnitude or radio power of the brightest cluster galaxy and the strength of the flow is found.
How computer graphing programs change the graph design process: results of research on the fill pattern feature

Graphing experts often critique the fill patterns which appear in many computer-generated graphs and charts because they can distract from and even distort the information. One of the reasons these fill patterns are so problematic is that they are automatically inserted into any plot a user chooses. In this paper I present both a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of fill patterns and the results of research which compares the ways in which both computer designers and paper-and-pencil designers fill the enclosed areas of their graphs and charts. Results show that automatically placed fill patterns exert strong behavioral influences on computer designers and result in decisions that might be different than if they were using paper and pencil.
Lactation-Related MicroRNA Expression in Microvesicles of Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Background The complex process by which lactation is initiated upon neonate delivery remains incompletely understood. Microvesicles (MVs) can transmit microRNAs (miRNAs) into recipient cells to influence cell function, and recent studies have identified miRNAs essential for mammary gland development and lactation. This study aimed to investigate the expression of lactation-related miRNAs in MVs isolated from human umbilical cord blood immediately after delivery. Material/Methods Umbilical cord blood samples were collected from 70 healthy pregnant women, and MVs were isolated through differential centrifugation and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Western blotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Lactation-related miRNAs were screened using bioinformatics tools for miRNA target prediction, gene ontology, and signaling pathway analyses. miRNA PCR arrays were used for miRNA expression analysis, and the results were validated by real-time PCR. Upon exposure of HBL-100 human mammary epithelial cells to MVs, MV uptake was examined by fluorescence confocal microscopy and β-casein secretion was detected by ELISA. Results Spherical MVs extracted from umbilical cord blood expressed CD63 and had an average diameter of 167.0±77.1 nm. We profiled 337 miRNAs in human umbilical cord blood MVs and found that 85 were related to lactation by bioinformatics analysis. The 25 most differentially expressed lactation-related miRNAs were validated by real-time PCR. MV uptake by HBL-100 cells was after 4 h in culture, and significantly increased secretion of β-casein was observed after 96 h from cells exposed to MVs (P<0.05). Conclusions Umbilical cord blood MVs contain many lactation-related miRNAs and can induce β-casein production by HBL-100 cells in vitro. Thus, umbilical cord blood MVs may mediate secretion of β-casein through miRNAs, thereby playing an important role in fetal-maternal crosstalk.
Circuit complexity: from the worst case to the average case

In contrast to machine models like Turing machines or random access machines, circuits are a rigid computational model. The internal information flow of a computation is fixed in advance, independent of the actual input. Therefore, in complexity theory only worst case complexity measures have been used to analyse this model. Concerning the circuit size this seems to be the best one can do. The delay between feeding the input bits into a circuit and being able to read off the output bits at the output gates is usually measured by the depth of the circuit. One might try to take advantage of favorable cases in which the output values are obtained much earlier. This will be the case when critical paths, e.g. paths between input and output gates of maximal length, have no influence on the final output. Inspired by recent successful attempts to develop a meaningful average case analysis for TM computations [Levi86, Gure91, BCGL92, ReSc93a], we follow the same goal for the circuit model. For this purpose, a new com-lexity measure for the internal delay is defined, called time. This may be given implicitly or explicitly, where in the latter case a gate has to signal that it is “ready”, e.g. has computed the desired result. Using a simple coding both models are shown to be equivalent. By doubling the number of gates any circuit with implicit timing can easily be transformed to an equivalent circuit with explicit time signals. Based on the notion of time, two average case measures for the circuit delay are defined. The analysis is not restricted to uniform distributions over the input space,
Expanded polyglutamine peptides alone are intrinsically cytotoxic and cause neurodegeneration in Drosophila.

Several dominant, late-onset neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Huntington's disease) are caused by expansion of polyglutamine (polyQ) repeats within specific proteins. The diverse, yet overlapping, pathology of these diseases could be due to novel deleterious functions unique to each protein or to a common pathophysiology mediated by the long polyQ chains themselves. By engineering Drosophila to express different polyQ peptides, we find that expanded polyQ chains alone are intrinsically cytotoxic and cause neuronal degeneration and early adult death. We further find that this intrinsic toxicity is dependent on cell type and polyQ length and that the inclusion of other amino acids modifies and reduces toxicity. This is the first in vivo evidence that polyQs, when removed from their disease gene context, cause neurotoxicity. These studies provide a basis for understanding the diverse clinical presentations in terms of the intrinsic cytotoxic effect of polyQ peptides being modulated by protein context. Parallel experiments in which cytotoxic polyQ expansions were engineered into Dishevelled, a Drosophila protein containing a naturally occurring polyQ tract, strongly suggest that the effect of a toxic polyQ peptide can be neutralized by protein context. This animal model provides a simple and effective means of screening for therapeutics that relieves the polyQ-induced lethality, independent of any particular disease gene. By quantifying the degree of lethality in several transgenic lines, we have identified a number of genetically modified strains that are suitable for eventual testing of compounds or genes that ameliorate the pathology of polyQ peptides.
Combined Noise Reduction and Joint Diagonalization Techniques for Blind Source Separation

Source separation from Instantaneous combinations of them, so called observations, is a challenging problem in signal processing. In many cases there is not information about the mixing matrix and observations must process blindly, so in these cases problem is called Blind Source Separation(BSS). Another most important problem in signal processing is existence of noise, so by now the elimination and reduction of noise techniques have been introduced too much. In this paper we try to combine Blind Source Separation, especially joint diagonalization technique, and wavelet based noise reduction technique, for better source separation. Simulation results show effectiveness of proposed method.
Edoxaban in the Evolving Scenario of Non Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants Imputed Placebo Analysis and Multiple Treatment Comparisons

Background Edoxaban recently proved non-inferior to warfarin for prevention of thromboembolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). We conducted an imputed-placebo analysis with estimates of the proportion of warfarin effect preserved by each non vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) and indirect comparisons between edoxaban and different NOACs. Methods and Findings We performed a literature search (up to January 2014), clinical trials registers, conference proceedings, and websites of regulatory agencies. We selected non-inferiority randomised controlled phase III trials of dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban compared with adjusted-dose warfarin in non-valvular AF. Compared to imputed placebo, all NOACs reduced the risk of stroke (ORs between 0.24 and 0.42, all p<0.001) and all-cause mortality (ORs between 0.55 and 0.59, all p<0.05). Edoxaban 30 mg and 60 mg preserved 87% and 112%, respectively, of the protective effect of warfarin on stroke, and 133% and 121%, respectively, of the protective effect of warfarin on all-cause mortality. The risk of primary outcome (stroke/systemic embolism), all strokes and ischemic strokes was significantly higher with edoxaban 30 mg than dabigatran 150 mg and apixaban. There were no significant differences between edoxaban 60 mg and other NOACs for all efficacy outcomes except stroke, which was higher with edoxaban 60 mg than dabigatran 150 mg. The risk of major bleedings was lower with edoxaban 30 mg than any other NOAC, odds ratios (ORs) ranging between 0.45 and 0.67 (all p<0.001). Conclusions This study suggests that all NOACs preserve a substantial or even larger proportion of the protective warfarin effect on stroke and all-cause mortality. Edoxaban 30 mg is associated with a definitely lower risk of major bleedings than other NOACs. This is counterbalanced by a lower efficacy in the prevention of thromboembolism, although with a final benefit on all-cause mortality.