Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intrinsically stable adaptive recursive filters

Linear recursive filters and also recurrent neural networks can be adapted on-line but sometimes with instability problems. Stability control techniques exist for the linear case but they are either computationally expensive or non-robust. For the nonlinear case, stability control is simply usually not performed in applications. This paper presents a new stability control method for IIR adaptive filters that makes it possible to continually adapt the coefficients with no need for stability test or poles projection. This method can be applied to various filter realizations (direct forms, cascade or parallel second order sections, lattice form) as well as to locally recurrent neural networks, such as the IIR-MLP, with improved performance over other techniques and over not controlling stability. In the paper this method is applied to normalized lattice filters with valuable results; an analysis of the stabilization effects is also presented both analytically and experimentally.
On the Hidden Costs of Incentive Schemes

By enriching a principal-agent model it is shown that the introduction of monetary incentives may reduce an agent's motivation. In a first step, we allow for the possibility that some agents stick to unverifiable agreements. The larger the fraction of reliable agents, the lower powered will then be the optimal incentive scheme and fixed wages become optimal when performance measurement is costly. If social norms matter such that some agents' reliability is influenced by their beliefs on the convictions of others, high powered incentives signal that not sticking to agreements is a widespread behavior and may lead to lower effort levels.
Ovulatory Shifts in Women’s Attractions to Primary Partners and Other Men: Further Evidence of the Importance of Primary Partner Sexual Attractiveness

Previous research has documented shifts in women’s attractions to their romantic partner and to men other than their partner across the ovulation cycle, contingent on the degree to which her partner displays hypothesized indicators of high-fitness genes. The current study set out to replicate and extend this finding. Forty-one couples in which the woman was naturally cycling participated. Female partners reported their feelings of in-pair attraction and extra-pair attraction on two occasions, once on a low-fertility day of the cycle and once on a high-fertility day of the cycle just prior to ovulation. Ovulation was confirmed using luteinizing hormone tests. We collected two measures of male partner sexual attractiveness. First, the women in the study rated their partner’s sexual attractiveness. Second, we photographed the partners and had the photos independently rated for attractiveness. Shifts in women’s in-pair attractions across the cycle were significantly moderated by women’s ratings of partner sexual attractiveness, such that the less sexually attractive women rated their partner, the less in-pair attraction they reported at high fertility compared with low fertility (partial r = .37, p dir = .01). Shifts in women’s extra-pair attractions across the cycle were significantly moderated by third-party ratings of partner attractiveness, such that the less attractive the partner was, the more extra-pair attraction women reported at high relative to low fertility (partial r = −.33, p dir = .03). In line with previous findings, we found support for the hypothesis that the degree to which a woman’s romantic partner displays indicators of high-fitness genes affects women’s attractions to their own partner and other men at high fertility.
DCT-based Channel Estimation Method for MIMO-OFDM Systems Using Phase Shifted Pilot Sequences

In this paper, we propose a channel estimation method based on the discrete cosine transform (DCT) using phase shifted pilot sequences for MIMO-OFDM systems. By exploiting the properties of DCT, the proposed method mitigates the aliasing effect introduced in DFT-based channel estimation method. With reasonable design and phase shifted pilot sequences for each transmitter antenna, the DCT-based channel estimation method can achieve highly efficient and accurate estimation without sacrificing much system overhead. Further more, no matrix reverse is required for channel estimation, so the computation complexity is largely simplified. The computer simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed DCT-based channel estimation method using phase shifted pilot sequences
The Puzzle of Partial Resource Use by a Parasitoid Wasp

When there is conspicuous underexploitation of a limited resource, it is worth asking, what mechanisms allow presumably valuable resources to be left unused? Evolutionary biologists have generated a wide variety of hypotheses to explain this, ranging from interdemic group selection to selfishly prudent individual restraint. We consider a situation in which, despite high intraspecific competition, individuals leave most of a key resource unexploited. The parasitic wasp that does this finds virtually all host egg clusters in a landscape but parasitizes only about a third of the eggs in each and then leaves a deterrent mark around the cluster. We first test—and reject—a series of system-specific simple constraints that might limit full host exploitation, such as asynchronous maturation of host eggs. We then consider classical hypotheses for the evolution of restraint. Prudent predation and bet-hedging fail as explanations because the wasp lives as a large, well-mixed population. Additionally, we find no individual benefits to the parasitoid of developing in a sparsely parasitized host nest. However, an optimal foraging model, including empirically measured costs of superparasitism and hyperparasitism, can explain through individual selection both the consistently low rate of parasitism and deterrent marking.
Economic and Social Issues in Agricultural Biotechnology

There are many controversial socioeconomic issues concerned with the development and implementation of agricultural biotechnology. This book presents selected revised and edited papers from the fourth and fifth meetings of the International Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology Research, held in Italy in 2000 and 2001. Key topics addressed include: intellectual property rights and technological exchange; public-private issues; genetic technologies and methods; developing country experiences; and international models.
Elasticity in Cloud Computing: What It Is, and What It Is Not

Originating from the field of physics and economics, the term elasticity is nowadays heavily used in the context of cloud computing. In this context, elasticity is commonly understood as the ability of a system to automatically provision and deprovision computing resources on demand as workloads change. However, elasticity still lacks a precise definition as well as representative metrics coupled with a benchmarking methodology to enable comparability of systems. Existing definitions of elasticity are largely inconsistent and unspecific, which leads to confusion in the use of the term and its differentiation from related terms such as scalability and efficiency; the proposed measurement methodologies do not provide means to quantify elasticity without mixing it with efficiency or scalability aspects. In this short paper, we propose a precise definition of elasticity and analyze its core properties and requirements explicitly distinguishing from related terms such as scalability and efficiency. Furthermore, we present a set of appropriate elasticity metrics and sketch a new elasticity tailored benchmarking methodology addressing the special requirements on workload design and calibration.
A Corpus Based Approach to Near Synonymy of German Multi-Word Expressions

The core of this paper is a detailed corpus-based analysis of the two nearly synonymous German idioms etw. liegt jmdm. im Blut and etw. ist jmdm. in die Wiege gelegt. The central conclusions drawn from this analysis are: On the basis of the behaviour of the semantic arguments of the two idioms n their presence or absence as well as certain semantic properties n clear statements can be made about the context conditions under which the two idioms are interchangeable and those allowing the realisation of one of them while excluding the other one. Furthermore, it is stated that even in the contexts that allow both idioms, the choice of one or the other makes a subtle difference. This difference has to do with the metaphorical image encoded in the idiom. The prominent degree of prototypicality of certain traits demonstrates that speakers actively use these subtle differences. The paper constitutes thus an investigation on the level below WordNet synsets discussing the concept of synonymy underlying WordNet organisation.
Measuring regional inequality of education in China: widening coast-inland gap or widening rural-urban gap?

This article measures education inequality between the coastal and inland provinces and compares it with rural-urban educational inequality in China, using Gini education coefficients and decomposition analysis. The main finding of the article is that disparities in access to education between rural and urban areas rather than between coastal and inland provinces are the major cause of educational inequality in China. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enabling Technologies for Multilevel Phase-Change Memory

Phase-change memory (PCM) is currently regarded as the most promising new nonvolatile solid-state memory technology for applications that DRAM and NAND-Flash, today’s incumbent memories, cannot address. Multilevel-cell (MLC) storage, the most effective way of reducing the cost-per-bit in memory technologies, is necessary for PCM to be competitive. MLC capability in PCM is challenging, as process and material variability in large memory cell arrays require iterative programming algorithms to achieve tight level distributions. Furthermore, MLC PCM is hampered by the phenomenon of resistance drift. In this paper, we describe a number of novel technologies that enable reliable MLC storage in PCM. First, various new programming schemes are described that achieve MLC with low power, low number of iterations and low latency. Notably, a new programming algorithm operating entirely in the analog domain is presented that promises large savings in latency and power, in addition to area savings in silicon implementation. Second, techniques to cope with drift are introduced. These include two new metrics of the cell-state, which are shown to be significantly robust to drift. In addition, a new drift-tolerant modulation coding scheme is introduced which offers reliable retention of MLC data over extended time periods. Experimental results on PCM test cell-arrays demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods in offering high resilience to drift. Most notably, 4 levels/cell storage with raw bit-error-rates in the order of 5× 10−5 is achieved in a 200 kcell array for over 150 days after programming at room temperature.
Should ethnicity serve as the basis for clinical trial design? Importance of race/ethnicity in clinical trials: lessons from the African-American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT), the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK), and the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment 

Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) Hypertension (AASK), and the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT), the African-American Study of Kidney Disease and Importance of Race/Ethnicity in Clinical Trials : Lessons From the African-American Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539 Copyright © 2005 American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved. is published by the American Heart Association, 7272 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX 75231 Circulation doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105. 540443 2005;112:3654-3666 Circulation. http://circ.ahajournals. org/content/112/23/3654 World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is located on the
The quantification and evolution of resilience in integrated coastal systems

Abstract : Integrated coastal systems are designed, constructed, and maintained to achieve navigation, storm damage reduction, and ecosystem restoration objectives. This report develops a generally applicable method to quantify the resilience of integrated coastal systems to disturbances such as coastal storms. In general, resilience is an ambiguous term that can mean different things in different contexts. This report emphasizes engineering resilience, which is the propensity of a system to resist functional impairments as a result of a disturbance and to recover a pre-disturbance level of functional performance following a disturbance. This report describes how this property of integrated coastal systems can be quantified in probabilistic terms, and how the resilience of a system can evolve over time in response to gradual changes in boundary conditions that occur over time scales that are much longer than the disturbance of interest, such as gradual changes in mean sea level. Coastal system processes that are influenced by sea level rise and may affect the resilience of integrated coastal systems are identified. The advantages and disadvantages of probabilistic and non-probabilistic indicators of resilience are discussed.
Coverage Extension and Throughput Improvement by Using Mobile Relay

In recent years cellular users have grown exponentially. Because of limited bandwidth availability techniques that extend cellular coverage and throughput, without increasing bandwidth have become very important. In this scenario, mobile relays are seen to have good potential to improve coverage extension and throughput. In this paper, mobile relay techniques are analyzed and simulated. The end user is connected directly to the base Station or as an alternative to establish a two-hop link using a relay. We consider movable relay locations for the realizations of system model over two-dimensional Poisson process . The purpose of relay is to forward messages received from a base station to an end user. An M/M/� queuing model is used to capture relay mobility. In this paper, we first analyze four cases where mobile relays offer substantial coverage extension benefits. Secondly we focus on throughput for no relay and normal relay by considering simple and efficient adaptive modulation coding (AMC) decision rule. These results provide benefits offered by mobile relays in terms of coverage extension & throughput enhancement .
Enveloping tendencies in fragments of a simulation theory

In this paper we present a methodology aimed at systematically exploring the 'envelope' of simulation trajectories allowing us to prove the necessity of tendencies respect to Fragments of a Simulation Theory. More well-grounded conclusions about tendencies in a simulation can be dig up than those given by existing methods like Monte Carlo techniques and Scenario Analysis where partial investigation of trajectories are performed - this is helpful in research areas such as Social Simulation, Management and Policy Analysis. We propose a method for searching for tendencies and proving their necessity, in Multi Agent Systems, relative to a range of parameterisations of the model and agents' choices, and to the logic of the simulation language. Additionally, a computational procedure that helps implement this exploration by translating the Multi Agent Systems simulation into a constraint-based search over possible trajectories by 'compiling' the simulation rules into a more specific form is proposed and exemplified.
Polynomial Time and Provably Efficient Network Coding Scheme for Lossy Wireless Networks

The network coding problem across multiple unicasts is an open problem. Previously, the capacity region of 2-hop relay networks with multiple unicast sessions and limited feedback was characterized where the coding and decoding nodes are neighbors and packet erasure channels are used. A near-optimal coding scheme that exploits the broadcast nature and the diversity of the wireless links was proposed. However, the complexity of the scheme is hyper– exponential as it requires the knowledge of the packets that are received by any subset of the receivers. In this paper, we provide a polynomial time coding scheme and characterize its performance using linear equations. The coding scheme uses random network coding to carefully mix intra and intersession network coding and makes a linear, not exponential, number of decisions. We also provide a linear programming formulation that uses our 2-hop relay network results as a building block in large lossy multihop networks. Through simulations, we verify the superiority of our proposed schemes over state-of-theart.
Application of eco-friendly tools and eco-bio-social strategies to control dengue vectors in urban and peri-urban settings in Thailand

Abstract Background: Dengue is considered one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Thailand. Its incidence is increasing despite routine implementation of national dengue control programmes. This study, conducted during 2010, aimed to demonstrate an application of integrated, community-based, eco-bio-social strategies in combination with locally-produced eco-friendly vector control tools in the dengue control programme, emphasizing urban and peri-urban settings in eastern Thailand. Methodology: Three different community settings were selected and were randomly assigned to intervention and control clusters. Key community leaders and relevant governmental authorities were approached to participate in this intervention programme. Ecohealth volunteers were identified and trained in each study community. They were selected among active community health volunteers and were trained by public health experts to conduct vector control activities in their own communities using environmental management in combination with eco-friendly vector control tools. These trained ecohealth volunteers carried out outreach health education and vector control during household visits. Management of public spaces and public properties, especially solid waste management, was efficiently carried out by local municipalities. Significant reduction in the pupae per person index in the intervention clusters when compared to the control ones was used as a proxy to determine the impact of this programme. Results: Our community-based dengue vector control programme demonstrated a significant reduction in the pupae per person index during entomological surveys which were conducted at two-month intervals from May 2010 for the total of six months in the intervention and control clusters. The programme also raised awareness in applying eco-friendly vector control approaches and increased intersectoral and household participation in dengue control activities. Conclusion: An eco-friendly dengue vector control programme was successfully implemented in urban and peri-urban settings in Thailand, through intersectoral collaboration and practical action at household level, with a significant reduction in vector densities.
A comparative analysis on the use of concept maps as an instructional resource for the grasping of meanings of key concepts of quantum mechanics based on the double slit experiment

Concept maps, on a simplified way, can be considered as diagrams that show the possible linkages among given concepts related to a field of knowledge, or to a specific part of it, expliciting feasible conceptual relations and hierarchies. They were conceived by Joseph Novak and his graduate students at Cornell University, USA, in the 70s, and their use today becomes increasingly important as a strategy to facilitate meaningful learning, which was initially proposed by Ausubel and has been continuously developed by Novak and Gowin, and more recently by Moreira.
Fluorescence Intensity and Intermittency as Tools for Following Dopamine Bioconjugate Processing in Living Cells

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) conjugated to biomolecules that quench their fluorescence, particularly dopamine, have particular spectral properties that allow determination of the number of conjugates per particle, namely, photoenhancement and photobleaching. In this work, we quantify these properties on a single-particle and ensemble basis in order to evaluate their usefulness as a tool for indicating QD uptake, breakdown, and processing in living cells. This creates a general framework for the use of fluorescence quenching and intermittency to better understand nanoparticle-cell interactions.
FLAP : F low L ook-A head P

In this paper, we explore a method for improving memory latency hiding as well as increasing instructions per clock cycle in a processor. Our proposed architecture combines the techniques of branch prediction and load prefetching. If the processor regularly misses on a particular load, and if we can correctly predict the address of this load, then the prefetcher will mark the instruction for prefetching. Using the branch predictor to run ahead of the program instruction stream, the prefetcher will speculatively issue the load before the processor reaches it again. The main component we added to the baseline architecture is a load tracking table, which is located off the critical path. Using Simple Scalar, we simulated three SPEC2000 benchmarks and found that for applications with high cache miss rates, with an accurate address predictor, we can achieve large speedups.
Bandwidth Consumption Efficiency Using Collective Rejoin in Hierarchical Peer-To-Peer

Having the advantage of scalability and efficiency in performing a succesful lookup query, a hierarchically structured P2P is a promising architecture for heterogeneous networks. However, in addition to potentially decrease the system performance, the presence of a superpeer failure event also forces normal peers under its influence to disconnect from the system. Optimally, the disconnected normal peers should perform rejoin, otherwise they will loose the granted access to the required service. Currently, the most common rejoin algorithm is based on the flat Chord maintenance algorithm, which is an individual rejoin. Addressing the high bandwidth consumption in individual rejoin, we propose a new approach, termed the collective rejoin algorithm. The analytical results, as well as simulation outputs, show that the rejoin process using the collective rejoin algorithm produces less traffic load than the individual rejoin algorithm
An Upper Bound on the Sizes of Multiset-Union-Free Families

Let $\mathcal{F}_1$ and $\mathcal{F}_2$ be two families of subsets of an $n$-element set. We say that $\mathcal{F}_1$ and $\mathcal{F}_2$ are multiset-union-free if for any $A,B\in \mathcal{F}_1$ and $C,D\in \mathcal{F}_2$ the multisets $A\uplus C$ and $B\uplus D$ are different, unless both $A = B$ and $C= D$. We derive a new upper bound on the maximal sizes of multiset-union-free pairs, improving a result of Urbanke and Li.
Propiedades psicométricas de una escala para medir desconexión moral en niños mexicanos

La desconexion moral tiene como consecuencia efectos negativos para el desarrollo psicosocial en la ninez, por lo cual se hace necesario contar con escalas para evaluarla. En el presente estudio se analizaron las propiedades psicometricas de la escala Desconexion Moral en Situaciones de Acoso en ninos (DMAE). Participaron 661 estudiantes mexicanos de 5.o (51 %) y 6.o grado (49 %), 48 % ninas ( M edad = 10.51, DE = .64 anos) y 52 % ninos ( M edad = 10.59, DE = .68 anos). Se analizo la validez (estructura interna y concurrente), invarianza de medida para ambos sexos y fiabilidad de la escala. De los resultados del analisis factorial confirmatorio se infirio que el modelo de medicion multidimensional que mide la justificacion moral, la difusion de la responsabilidad y la atribucion de la culpa presenta mejor ajuste a los datos que el unidimensional. Ademas, se encontro que la DMAE presenta invariancia de medicion en ambos sexos y evidencias de validez concurrente. Se concluye que la escala cuenta con propiedades psicometricas adecuadas para la medicion de la desconexion moral en ninos mexicanos.