Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DENSITY, BITUMEN CONTENT, AND VOIDS PROPERTIES OF COMPACTED BITUMINOUS PAVING MIXTURES

BECAUSE IT WOULD LEAD TO A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF BITUMINOUS PAVEMENTS, THIS PAPER ADVOCATES DESIGNING BITUMINOUS PAVING MIXTURES ON A VOLUMETRIC BASIS IN PLACE OF THE COMMON CURRENT PRACTICE OF DESIGNING THEM ON THE BASIS OF WEIGHT. COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATE COMBINATIONS THAT TEND TO BE TOO DENSELY GRADED PRESENT THE MOST SERIOUS PROBLEM CONCERNING THE DESIGN OF BITUMINOUS PAVING MIXTURES IN CANADA. DATA ARE INCLUDED SHOW THAT THESE DENSELY GRADED AGGREGATES CAN BE OPENED UP BY INCREASING THE PERCENTAGE OF FINE AGGREGATE. SINCE THE ADDITION OF MINERAL FILLER FURTHER DECREASES THE VOID SPACE IN A MINERAL AGGREGATE THAT MAY ALREADY BE TOO DENSELY GRADED, TEST DATA ARE PRESENTED TO DEMONSTRATE THAT MINERAL FILLER SHOULD NOT BE ADDED TO DENSE GRADED BITUMINOUS PAVING MIXTURES UNLESS ACTUAL LABORATORY TESTS INDICATE THAT IT WILL SERVE SOME USEFUL PURPOSE. THE MAGNITUDE OF THE ERRORS IN VALUES REPORTED FOR "PERCENT VOIDS IN THE MINERAL AGGREGATE," "PERCENT AIR VOIDS," AND "PERCENT VOIDS FILLED WITH BITUMEN," FOR COMPACTED PAVING MIXTURES MADE WITH AGGREGATES THAT ABSORB CONSIDERABLE BITUMEN, IS POINTED OUT WITH EXAMPLES. OTHER EXAMPLES SHOW THAT SIGNIFICANT ERRORS IN THESE VALUES OCCUR EVEN FOR AGGREGATES OF RELATIVELY LOW BITUMINOUS ABSORPTION. THESE EXAMPLES DEMONSTRATE THAT THE ERRORS IN VOIDS VALUES CAN BE SO SERIOUS THAT SOME SUITABLE METHOD SHOULD BE EMPLOYED TO DETERMINE THE QUANTITY OF BITUMEN ABSORBED BY ANY AGGREGATE PROPOSED FOR USE IN A PAVING MIXTURE. THE PURPOSE IS TO PRESENT A NUMBER OF SIMPLE CHARTS THAT CONTAIN FAMILIES OF CURVES RELATING THE FIVE VARIABLES--CORRECTED DENSITY, CORRECTED BITUMEN CONTENT, PERCENT VOIDS IN THE MINERAL AGGREGATE, PERCENT AIR VOIDS, AND PERCENT VOIDS FILLED WITH BITUMEN. THE ORDINATE OF THESE CHARTS IS CORRECTED DENSITY, AND THE ABSCISSA IS CORRECTED BITUMEN CONTENT, SINCE THE DENSITY AND BITUMEN CONTENT OF A COMPACTED PAVING MIXTURE ARE USUALLY MEASURED DIRECTLY. SINCE THE DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR A PAVING MIXTURE CAN BE REPRESENTED BY A SMALL AREA ON ONE OF THESE CHARTS, THEIR USE SHOULD LEAD TO BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE DESIGN, INSPECTION, AND CONTROL OF BITUMINOUS PAVING MIXTURES. COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS SPECIFIED FOR THE FINISHED PAVEMENT CAN ALSO BE LOCATED ON THESE DIAGRAMS. THESE CHARTS HAVE THE OUTSTANDING ADVANTAGE THAT THE PLOTTING OF THE POINT REPRESENTING BITUMEN CONTENT AND DENSITY FOR A COMPACTED MIXTURE ENABLES VALUES FOR PERCENT VOIDS IN THE MINERAL AGGREGATE, PERCENT AIR VOIDS, AND PERCENT VOIDS FILLED WITH BITUMEN TO BE READ DIRECTLY FROM THE CHART BY INTERPOLATION, WITHOUT THE USUAL NEED FOR CALCULATING THEM. /AUTHOR/
KELCH F-BOX protein positively influences Arabidopsis seed germination by targeting PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR1

Significance The completion of seed germination is an irrevocable event for plants, determining, for most plants, the site of the remainder of their life cycle. One environmental cue important to the completion of seed germination is light, which, in Arabidopsis thaliana, can influence a host of transcription factors, including PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR1 (PIF1), a negative regulator of the completion of germination and seedling de-etiolation. The KELCH F-BOX protein COLD TEMPERATURE GERMINATING10 (CTG10) can recognize and bind to PIF1, negatively influencing PIF1 stability, stimulating the completion of germination, and promoting a de-etiolated seedling morphology. PIF1, in turn, can downregulate CTG10 expression, revealing a complex coregulation orchestrated by light presence and quality that dictates whether the seed completes germination. Seeds employ sensory systems that assess various environmental cues over time to maximize the successful transition from embryo to seedling. Here we show that the Arabidopsis F-BOX protein COLD TEMPERATURE-GERMINATING (CTG)-10, identified by activation tagging, is a positive regulator of this process. When overexpressed (OE), CTG10 hastens aspects of seed germination. CTG10 is expressed predominantly in the hypocotyl, and the protein is localized to the nucleus. CTG10 interacts with PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (PIF1) and helps regulate its abundance in planta. CTG10-OE accelerates the loss of PIF1 in light, increasing germination efficiency, while PIF1-OE lines fail to complete germination in darkness, which is reversed by concurrent CTG10-OE. Double-mutant (pif1 ctg10) lines demonstrated that PIF1 is epistatic to CTG10. Both CTG10 and PIF1 amounts decline during seed germination in the light but reaccumulate in the dark. PIF1 in turn down-regulates CTG10 transcription, suggesting a feedback loop of CTG10/PIF1 control. The genetic, physiological, and biochemical evidence, when taken together, leads us to propose that PIF1 and CTG10 coexist, and even accumulate, in the nucleus in darkness, but that, following illumination, CTG10 assists in reducing PIF1 amounts, thus promoting the completion of seed germination and subsequent seedling development.
Estimating the Risk of Influenza-Like Illness Transmission Through Social Contacts: Web-Based Participatory Cohort Study

Background Epidemiological studies on influenza have focused mostly on enhancing vaccination coverage or promoting personal hygiene behavior. Few studies have investigated potential effects of personal health behaviors and social contacts on the risk of getting influenza-like illness (ILI). Objective Taking advantage of an online participatory cohort, this study aimed to estimate the increased risk of getting ILI after contact with infected persons and examine how personal health behaviors, weather, and air pollution affect the probability of getting ILI. Methods A Web-based platform was designed for participants to record daily health behaviors and social contacts during the influenza season of October 1, 2015 to March 31, 2016, in Taiwan. Data on sleep, diet, physical activity, self-reported ILI, and contact with infected persons were retrieved from the diaries. Measurements of weather and air pollutants were used for calculating environmental exposure levels for the participants. We fitted a mixed-effects logistic regression model to the daily measurements of the diary keepers to estimate the effects of these variables on the risk of getting ILI. Results During the influenza season, 160 participants provided 14,317 health diaries and recorded 124,222 face-to-face contacts. The model estimated odds ratio of getting ILI was 1.87 (95% CI 1.40-2.50) when a person had contact with others having ILI in the previous 3 days. Longer duration of physical exercise and eating more fruits, beans, and dairy products were associated with lower risk of getting ILI. However, staying up late was linked to an elevated risk of getting ILI. Higher variation of ambient temperature and worse air quality were associated with increased risk of developing ILI. Conclusions Developing a healthier lifestyle, avoiding contact with persons having ILI symptoms, and staying alert with respect to temperature changes and air quality can reduce the risk of getting ILI.
Impaired facial expression recognition in patients with social anxiety disorder: a case-control study

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate whether social anxiety disorder (SAD) patients have low emotion recognition accuracy, take longer for emotion recognition and tended to interpret a stimulus more negatively than controls. Methods: Fifty-six SAD patients and 56 healthy controls were participated in this study. We evaluated facial emotion recognition using a computer program in which participants chose one of seven emotions as displayed in each of 55 photographs of faces. We compared the accuracy and reaction times of the patients and controls. We further analysed which emotions were selected in the incorrect answers. Results: SAD patients showed delayed reaction times for all emotions except anger and lower accuracy for fear, surprise, neutrality and happiness compared to controls. After applying Bonferroni correction, only delayed reaction time for surprise and happiness were remain significant. Neutrality was not mistaken for a negative emotion at a higher rate by SAD patients than by controls. Conclusion: This result suggests that the alterations of reaction time and accuracy of emotion recognition of SAD patients, especially in emotions with positive valence, play a more important role than negative bias in the cognitive aspects of SAD.
Fabrication and formation mechanism of closed-loop fibers by electrospinning with a tip collector

Electrospun nanofibers with designed or controlled structures have drawn much attention. In this study, we report an interesting new closed-loop structure in individual cerium nitrate/polyvinyl alcohol（Ce（NO3）3/PVA） and Na Cl/PVA fibers,which are fabricated by electrospinning with a nail collector. The electrospinning parameters such as voltage and Ce（NO3）3（or Na Cl） concentration are examined for the formation of the closed-loop structure. The results suggest that the increase of the spinning voltage or addition of Ce（NO3）3（or Na Cl） is favorable for the formation of the closed-loop structure, and the increase of loop numbers and the decrease of loop size. Further analyses indicate that the formation mechanism of the closed-loop fibers can be predominantly attributed to the Coulomb repulsion in the charged jets.
Comparing the diversity of information by word-of-mouth vs. web spread

Many studies have explored spreading and diffusion through complex networks. The following study examines a specific case of spreading of opinions in modern society through two spreading schemes —defined as being either through “word of mouth” (WOM), or through online search engines (WEB). We apply both modelling and real experimental results and compare the opinions people adopt through an exposure to their friend's opinions, as opposed to the opinions they adopt when using a search engine based on the PageRank algorithm. A simulated study shows that when members in a population adopt decisions through the use of the WEB scheme, the population ends up with a few dominant views, while other views are barely expressed. In contrast, when members adopt decisions based on the WOM scheme, there is a far more diverse distribution of opinions in that population. The simulative results are further supported by an online experiment which finds that people searching information through a search engine end up with far more homogenous opinions as compared to those asking their friends.
Thermal Transport in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Under Pure Bending

Laboratoire d’Energetique Moleculaire et Macroscopique, CNRS UPR 288, Ecole Centrale Paris,Grande Voie des Vignes, 92295 Châtenay-Malabry, France(Received 15 December 2014; revised manuscript received 22 January 2015; published 25 February 2015)The carbon nanotubes’ resilience to mechanical deformation is a potentially important feature forimparting tunable properties at the nanoscale. Using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics and empiricalinteratomic potentials, we examine the thermal conductivity variations with bending in the thermaltransport regime where both ballistic and diffusive effects coexist. These simulations are enabled by therealistic atomic-scale descriptions of uniformly curved and buckled nanotube morphologies obtained byimposing objective boundary conditions. We uncover a contrasting behavior. At shorter lengths, thephonon propagation is affected significantly by the occurrence of localized structural buckling. As thenanotube length becomes comparable with the phonon mean free path, heat transport becomes insensitiveto the buckling deformations. Our result settles the controversy around the differences between the currentexperimental and molecular-dynamics measurements of the thermal transport in bent nanotubes.
Preparation and Optimization of Meropenem-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: In Vitro Evaluation and Molecular Modeling

Encapsulation of antibiotics into nanocarriers has the potential to overcome resistance and disadvantages associated with conventional dosage forms as well as increase half-life of an antibiotic. Encapsulation of meropenem (MRPN) into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) remains unexplored among the limited work reported on nanoformulation incorporating MRPN. The study aimed to use an experimental design, to optimize MRPN-loaded SLNs, and to undertake in vitro and in silico evaluations. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize manufacturing conditions of glycerol monostearate (GMS) SLNs loaded with MRPN. The SLNs were prepared using hot homogenization and ultrasonication method. Optimized MRPN-SLNs showed particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency of 112.61 ± 0.66 nm, −20.43 ± 0.99 mV, and 89.94 ± 1.26%, respectively. The morphology of the SLNs revealed nearly spherical shaped particles. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that meropenem was present in amorphous form in the SLNs. Controlled in vitro MRPN release from SLNs was achieved and followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (R2 = 0.9679). Prolonged in vitro antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was also observed. The molecular modeling showed that both hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding led to a stable MRPN-GMS complex formation, which was confirmed by its low heat of formation (−5536.13 kcal/mol). This stable complex could have contributed to the controlled release of MRPN from the SLNs and subsequent sustained antibacterial activity.
Xio is a component of the Drosophila sex determination pathway and RNA N6-methyladenosine methyltransferase complex

Significance RNAs contain over 100 types of chemical modifications, and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA. m6A is involved in a variety of important biological processes, including sex determination in Drosophila, by modifying Sxl pre-mRNA and regulating its alternative splicing. m6A is installed by a large methyltransferase complex called the m6A “writer. ” We have identified xio as a component of the Drosophila sex determination pathway based on its female-to-male transformation phenotypes. Xio interacts with other m6A writer subunits, and its loss of function shows typical phenotypes associated with other m6A factors, such as Sxl splicing misregulation, adult defects, and reduced m6A levels. Therefore, we conclude that Xio is a member of the m6A writer complex. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant chemical modification in eukaryotic mRNA, has been implicated in Drosophila sex determination by modifying Sex-lethal (Sxl) pre-mRNA and facilitating its alternative splicing. Here, we identify a sex determination gene, CG7358, and rename it xio according to its loss-of-function female-to-male transformation phenotype. xio encodes a conserved ubiquitous nuclear protein of unknown function. We show that Xio colocalizes and interacts with all previously known m6A writer complex subunits (METTL3, METTL14, Fl(2)d/WTAP, Vir/KIAA1429, and Nito/Rbm15) and that loss of xio is associated with phenotypes that resemble other m6A factors, such as sexual transformations, Sxl splicing defect, held-out wings, flightless flies, and reduction of m6A levels. Thus, Xio encodes a member of the m6A methyltransferase complex involved in mRNA modification. Since its ortholog ZC3H13 (or KIAA0853) also associates with several m6A writer factors, the function of Xio in the m6A pathway is likely evolutionarily conserved.
Alcohol attenuates anti‐HCV function of IFN‐λ1 through up‐regulation of PLASy expression in human hepatic cells

Alcohol could compromise the anti‐hepatitis C virus (HCV) function of interferon‐alpha (IFN‐α). However, little information is available about the effect of alcohol on interferon‐lambda (IFN‐λ, type III IFN), a novel candidate for development of therapy for HCV infection. Huh7 cells were infected with HCV JFH‐1 virus, then treated with alcohol, and/or IFN‐λ1. RT‐PCR and Western blot were used to detect the levels of HCV and key cellular factors. Overexpression or silencing expression was performed to verify the role of key factors in alcohol‐attenuated anti‐HCV function of IFN‐λ1. Alcohol treatment compromised anti‐HCV effect of IFN‐λ1 in HCV JFH‐1‐infected Huh7 cells, evidenced by the significantly increased levels of HCV RNA, and HCV core protein in alcohol‐/IFN‐λ1‐treated cells compared to cells with IFN‐λ1 treatment alone. Investigation of the mechanisms responsible for the alcohol action revealed that alcohol enhanced the expression of protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIASy). Overexpression of PIASy compromised anti‐HCV ability of IFN‐λ1, whereas silencing expression of PIASy partly restored the alcohol‐attenuated anti‐HCV effect of IFN‐λ1. More importantly, overexpression of PIASy significantly down‐regulated the level of IFN‐λ1‐indcued phosphorylation of STAT1 (p‐STAT1), an important adaptor in IFN‐λ pathway, as well as reduced the expression of IFN‐λ1‐induced IFN‐stimulated genes 56 (ISG56), and myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1), two antiviral effectors in in IFN‐λ pathway. These findings indicate that alcohol, through inducing the expression of negative regulator in IFN‐λ pathway, inhibits IFN‐λ‐mediated anti‐HCV action in human hepatic cells, which may lead to the poor efficacy of IFN‐λ‐based therapy against HCV infection.
Erythromycin A dimethyl sulfoxide disolvate 1.43-hydrate

The title compound, C37H67NO13·2C2H6OS·1.43H2O, is a macrolide antibiotic with better solubility and better dermal penetration abilities than erythromycin A itself. The asymmetric unit of this form contains one erythromycin A molecule, two dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent molecules, a fully occupied water molecule and a partially occupied water molecule with an occupancy factor of 0.432 (11). The 14-membered ring of the erythronolide fragment has a conformation which differs considerably from that in erythromycin A dihydrate [Stephenson, Stowell, Toma, Pfeiffer & Byrn (1997 ▶). J. Pharm. Sci. 86, 1239–1244]. One of the two DMSO molecules is disordered over two orientations; the orientation depends on the presence or absence of the second, partially occupied, water molecule. In the crystal, erythromycin molecules are connected by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the hydroxy groups and the fully occupied water molecule to form layers parallel to (010). These layers are connected along the b-axis direction only by a possible hydrogen-bonding contact involving the partially occupied water molecule.
Improved reproducibility of MRS regional brain thermometry by ‘amplitude‐weighted combination’

Brain temperature is important in stroke and trauma. In birth asphyxia, hypothermia improves outcome, but local brain temperature information is needed to optimise therapy. The proton MRS water chemical shift (δwater) is temperature dependent, and the in vivo brain temperature has often been estimated by measuring δwater relative to the N‐acetylaspartate (NAA) singlet methyl resonance. However, the NAA peak amplitude may be reduced if cerebrospinal fluid occupies part of the MRS voxel and because of the lower concentration in immaturity, pathology and neonatal white matter. These factors can increase random and systematic δNAA errors and also, therefore, MRS brain temperature errors. The aim of this study was to improve MRS brain temperature reproducibility and resilience to pathological, developmental and regional peak amplitude variations by amplitude‐weighted combination (AWC) of brain temperatures (TCho, TCr and TNAA) determined using the prominent choline (Cho), total creatine (Cr) and NAA resonances separately as chemical shift references. δwater – δCho, δwater – δCr and δwater – δNAA were calibrated against tympanic temperature in piglet brain at 7 T (2.5‐cm‐diameter surface coil over the parietal lobes; binomial water suppression spin‐echo sequence; TE = 540 ms; TR = 5 s). Eight normal human infants underwent thalamic region (Thal) and five occipito‐parietal (OP) cerebral MRS at 2.4 T [point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) localisation; cubic voxel, 8 mL; water suppression off; TE = 270 ms; TR = 2 s]. AWC with TCho, TCr and TNAA weighted by the squared Cho, Cr and NAA peak amplitudes provided the smallest intersubject standard deviations: Thal, 0.45°C; OP, 0.33°C (for TNAA values of 0.65°C and 1.12°C, respectively). AWC provided resilience against simulated pathological alterations in Cho, Cr and NAA peak amplitudes, with Thal and OP TAWC changing by less than 0.04°C. AWC improves both intersubject reproducibility of MRS temperature estimation and resilience against pathological, anatomical and developmental variation of Cho, Cr and NAA peak amplitudes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Micro and Nano Assembly Using Dielectrophoretic Forces (Keynote)

The contact phase of an assembly task involving micro and nano building blocks is complicated by the presence of surface and intermolecular forces such as electrostatic, surface-tension and Van der Waals forces. Assembly strategies must account for the presence of these forces in order to guarantee successful repeatable micro and nanoassemblies with high precision. A detailed model for this electrostatic interaction is developed and analyzed. Based on the results of this analysis, dielectrophoretic assembly principles of MEMS/NEMS devices are proposed and experimentally verified with microtweezers for micro Ni parts and with nanoelectrodes fabricated with electron-beam lithography for carbon nanotube assembly. The successful manipulation and assembly of single carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using dielectrophoretic forces produced by nanoelectrodes will lead to a higher integration of CNTs into both nanoelectronics and NEMS.Copyright © 2005 by ASME