Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advances in velocity model-building technology for subsalt imaging

Seismic imaging of hydrocarbon accumulations below salt is a formidable challenge because complexly shaped salt bodies severely distort wavefronts or scatter seismic energy. We have highlighted some recent advances in building a velocity model for subsalt imaging. There are three main stages: suprasalt velocity determination, salt-model definition, and subsalt velocity update. Volumetric high-resolution tomography that incorporates high-velocity contrast boundaries is used to derive a good sediment velocity model before building a salt model. To facilitate integration of interpretation and depth processing, beam-based interactive imaging is used to refine the salt geometry. For subsalt velocity update, either subsalt tomography or subsalt scan-based techniques can be used, depending on the quality of subsalt reflections. There are concepts and techniques for attaining subsalt images suitable for hydrocarbon exploration beneath complexly shaped salt bodies.
IBRO Reports

The non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), Val158Met within the Catechol-O -methyl- transferase ( COMT ) gene has been associated with altered levels of cognition and memory performance in cognitively normal adults. This study aimed to investigate the independent and interactional e ﬀ ects of COMT Val158Met on cognitive performance. In particular, it was hypothesised that COMT Val158Met would modify the e ﬀ ect of neocortical A β -amyloid (A β ) accumulation and carriage of the apolipoprotein E ( APOE) ε 4 allele on cognition in preclinical Alzheimer ’ s disease (AD). In 598 cognitively normal older adults with known neocortical A β levels, linear mixed modelling revealed no signi ﬁ cant independent or interactional associations between COMT Val158Met and cognitive decline. These ﬁ ndings do not support previous associations between COMT Val158Met and cognitive performance and suggest this variant does not in ﬂ uence A β -amyloid or APOE ε 4 driven cognitive decline in a well characterised cohort of cognitively normal older adults.
Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi

The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and goal commitment levels in athletes doing individual and team sports. The study group of the research consists of 427 licensed athletes who study at Sports Sciences Faculties of 6 universities in Aegean Region of Turkey in 2018-2019 academic year. In order to measure the level of goal commitment and emotional intelligence in athletes ‘Emotional Intelligent Scale’ and ‘Goal Commitment Scale’ were used in the current study. In order to find answers to the sub-problems of the study, t-Test, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis and Cohen’s d analysis wereused. The results obtained from the analyses revealed that the goal commitment and emotional intelligence mean scores of the female athletes doing individual or team sports are higher than those of the male athletes. Moreover, the mean scores of the athletes doing team sports were found to be higher than those of the athletes doing individual sports and the emotional intelligence mean score of the professional athletes doing individual sports was found to be higher than that of the amateur athletes. According to the results of the correlation analysis, there is a significant correlation between the goal commitment and emotional intelligence mean scores of both the athletes doing individual sports and the athletes doing team sports. As a conclusion, regardless of being engaged in an individual sport or a team sport, increasing emotional intelligence was found to be leading an increase in goal commitment in both of the groups. This positive correlation is believed to make important contributions to literature and academicians working in this field, coaches, conditioners and sports psychologists to achieve high level of achievement and performance.
Objective analysis of a coastal ocean eddy using satellite AVHRR and in situ hydrographic data

Abstract : A common characteristic of the interaction between the coastal topography and eastern boundary currents (EBC) is the appearance of cold filaments and mesoscale eddies. Hydrographic and satellite temperature data obtained during a cruise on board R/V Point Sur off Point Arena, California, in May 1993 were analyzed to study a particular eddy field in this area. The hydrographic data was first used to verify the remotely sensed surface temperature field, using three dimensional data visualization. Selected vertical levels from each hydrographic station were then interpolated into a broader, finer resolution grid domain in preparation for an eventual model initialization, using multiquadric interpolation. The results verify the existence of the eddy and show its signature in the vertical to about 300 meters depth. A sensitivity study of interpolation parameters was performed to evaluate approximately the optimal set of parameters, showing that the multiquadric interpolation resolves very well the temperature field in the upper levels and introduces small amplitude, small scale noise in the deeper levels. This noise can be eliminated by a more thorough parameter sensitivity study.
Climate-driven chemistry and aerosol feedbacks in CMIP6 Earth system models

430 Feedbacks play a fundamental role in determining the magnitude of the response of the climate system to external forcing, such as from anthropogenic emissions. The latest of also to a negative However overall methane lifetime is expected to increase in a warmer climate due to increased BVOCs. Increased emissions of methane from wetlands would also offset some of the negative feedbacks. The CMIP6 experimental design did not allow the methane lifetime or methane emission changes to affect climate so we find a robust negative contribution from interactive aerosols and chemistry to climate sensitivity in CMIP6 Earth system models. Through diagnosing changes in methane emissions and lifetime we find that if Earth system 450 models were to allow methane to vary interactively, methane positive feedbacks (principally wetland methane emissions and biogenic VOC emissions) would offset much of the aerosol feedbacks. increased lightning NOx emission from -2.3 to -4.8 % (Tg yr -1 ) -1 . The feedbacks are negative for UKESM1 and CESM2-WACCM (0.007 and 0.012 W m -2 K -1 ) and slightly positive for GFDL-ESM4 (0.001 W m -2 K -1 ) and almost exactly cancel out the feedback due to the ozone column. The net (ozone + 𝜏 CH 4 ) feedbacks for UKESM1, GFDL-ESM4 and CESM2- 910 WACCM are -0.002, 0.000, and 0.001 W m -2 K -1 . For UKESM1 a feedback of -0.0046 W m -2 K -1 should could be added to the total lightning feedback to account for the increase in sulphate. column SARF and methane lifetime with that diagnosed from 4xCO2 . Residual 970 is given by the difference and is converted to a feedback using radiative efficiencies for tropospheric ozone and
Machine Learning Hardware Design for Efficiency, Flexibility, and Scalability [Feature]

The widespread use of deep neural networks (DNNs) and DNN-based machine learning (ML) methods justifies DNN computation as a workload class itself. Beginning with a brief review of DNN workloads and computation, we provide an overview of single instruction multiple data (SIMD) and systolic array architectures. These two basic architectures support the kernel operations for DNN computation, and they form the core of many flexible DNN accelerators. To enable a higher performance and efficiency, sparse DNN hardware can be designed to gain from data sparsity. We present common approaches from compressed storage to processing sparse data to reduce memory and bandwidth usage and improve energy efficiency and performance. To accommodate the fast evolution of new models of larger size and higher complexity, modular chiplet integration can be a promising path to meet the growing needs. We show recent work on homogeneous tiling and heterogeneous integration to scale up and scale out hardware to support larger models of more complex functions.
Technical Advance Function and Structure of Pressurized and Perfused Porcine Carotid Arteries Effects of in Vitro Balloon Angioplasty

In this report we describe the application of an in vitro pressure-perfusion system for study of functional/structural changes after in vitro balloon dilation injury. Pig carotid arteries were perfused at P 100 mm Hg and Q 100 ml/min, balloon angioplastied (BA), and cultured under these hemodynamic conditions for 4 or 8 days (n 5 BA and 6 controls for each time point). To assess endothelial function, outer diameter changes in response to bradykinin (BK) were measured daily. Remodeling was determined from the shift in pressure-passive diameter relation, as obtained after papaverine addition. Arterial samples were processed for histology. Control arteries showed spontaneous tone, BK-induced relaxation, and inward remodeling that was more pronounced at day 8 (ratio end-to-start passive diameter at P 100 mm Hg, 0.69 0.04; P < 0.001) than at day 4 (0.85 0.03, P 0.03). Intimal hyperplasia was detectable in these control vessels at day 8 with accumulation of -smooth muscle actin-positive cells around the lumen. Angioplasty caused ruptures and dissections and abolished tone that returned after 5 days of perfusion along with BK-dependent relaxation. No significant inward remodeling or intimal hyperplasia was observed at day 8 after angioplasty. Thus, BA inhibits remodeling, which occurs after in vitro perfusion of conductance arteries. (Am J Pathol 2003, 163:1743–1750)
Formal Verification of Safety and Security Properties in Industry 4.0 Applications

With the advent of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) systems, ensuring the safety and security of these systems' design has become a paramount concern for stakeholders. One concern is the increased costs of fixing errors in later phases, such as integration and operation compared to the design phase. Formal verification techniques offer a rigorous approach to verifying the correctness of system behaviours and properties. This paper explains the fundamental principles of formal verification in safety and security domains. We use a SysML-based environment called AVATAR ("Automated Verification of Real Time Software"). It allows for a formal description and verification of safety and security properties. Specifically, we demonstrate the application of AVATAR in verifying the safety and security properties of a Cobot system architecture upon requirements. Moreover, we evaluate the challenges, opportunities, and limitations of using AVATAR in industrial settings and provide recommendations for its enhancement or designing a new methodology for I4.0 application verification. The results show that formal verification techniques can be enhanced to address safety and security concerns in I4.0 complex and critical systems.
Sequence-Based Indoor Relocalization for Mobile Augmented Reality

In mobile Augmented Reality (AR) applications, relocalization plays a very important role in supporting persistence and multiple user interaction. Traditional methods usually utilize single-frame and integrated into the loop closure procedure in simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). However, indoor scenes include many challenges: similar patterns such as stairs and kitchen corners, textureless places such as white walls. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel sequence-based relocalization method for mobile AR devices. Our method utilizes the commodity depth sensors such as ToF cameras. We firstly generate a sequence of depth maps with corresponding poses tracked via Visual Inertial Odometry (VIO). Based on keyframe-based visual relocalization, then choose a good subset of posed depth maps to verify and refine the pose. Results show that our method improves relocalization accuracy compared with simple sequence-based relocalization.
LoRaWAN Sensors Integration for Manufacturing Applications via Edge Device Model with OPC UA

The article deals with the integration of Lo(ng) Ra(nge) Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) sensors with generic manufacturing applications and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) use-cases. The focus is on creating a suitable Edge device model that enables the integration of specific Long Range (LoRa) sensors together with the other generic Internet of Things (IoT/IIoT). The model is based on the Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPC UA) standard, which is the most suitable integration platform for various control systems and manufacturing applications. The model was implemented in Node-RED software and subsequently validated to confirm the required integration of LoRaWAN sensors within OPC UA models. In contrast to other approaches based on integration gateway or LoRaWAN/OPC UA protocol convertors, the proposed model utilizes extended capabilities of Edge computing. It enables Edge processing and data transformation of LoRaWAN sensors data transferred by Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol from the network server, based on requirements of manufacturing applications for cloud solutions.
Development of a Platform for Novel Intuitive Control of Robotic Manipulators using Augmented Reality and Cartesian Force Control

This paper presents a novel approach to intuitive force-controlled motion planning on collaborative robots using augmented reality (AR) technology. A user-friendly interface is developed that grants the operator complete control over the robot manipulator. By employing a mixed reality head-mounted display (HMD) as the interface, virtual content is overlaid, enabling the operator to interact seamlessly with the robotic system. The interface provides extensive data on the robot’s status, including joint position, velocity, and the applied force on the robot’s flange. Operators can issue motion commands in both joint and Cartesian space, intuitively plan robot paths using waypoints, and execute force-controlled motion by defining control points around an object. Visual feedback in the form of superimposed sliders indicates the force to be exerted by the robot on the object. These sliders allow dynamic and intuitive adjustment of forces in Cartesian space, minimizing the need for extensive programming. Safety is a primary concern, and to address it, a virtual model of the robot is superimposed on the work environment, providing a preview of the motion. This preview displays the current and final positions of each joint before execution. The human-robot interface and virtual content are built using the Unity3D game engine, while reliable data transmission and processing between the HMD and the robot controller are facilitated by the Robot Operating System (ROS). This approach offers an intuitive and safer method for controlling collaborative robots, empowering operators with greater precision and ease in robot motions. The proposed approach has significant potential to streamline robot programming, enhance efficiency, and improve safety across a wide range of applications involving collaborative robots.
Cyber Threat Assessment in Monitoring Turnout Railway Systems

Despite advancements in their performance, cyber-physical systems remain susceptible to cyberattacks. This paper focuses on the turnout system in railway transportation infrastructure. For such systems, the data monitored is geographically dispersed, which makes it vulnerable: attackers may either conceal failures or trigger unnecessary maintenance decisions. To address this issue, a threat assessment paradigm is proposed in order to provide maintenance operators with a threat indicator based on field data. The method is developed and validated over a real railway turnout data set.
Distributed method for Economic Dispatch Problem with a battery system and a variable fuel price

The distribution of the required load across all generators in power networks has given rise to methods solving the Economic Dispatch Problem (EDP). The main goal of the method is to find such a power distribution that the resulting price per unit of energy is minimal. Due to dynamic changes in the structure of the energy network is there currently a shift away from centralized management towards decentralized methods. In this paper, a gradient-based distributed algorithm is introduced. In proposed framework, models for Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and variable fuel price are used. The BESS model allows energy to be stored or fed back into the grid, which can affect the final price per unit of energy. Dynamical behaviour of BESS effects final price per energy of generator units. This is equally related to the price of fuel, which can represent a change in the price of energy from the given source - the power plant. The described algorithm is subsequently validated on three examples.
Modular Control Software Design to Support Mechatronic Variants in IEC 61499

Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPSs) consist of deeply intertwined physical and software components. In the last decade, the number of mechatronic components (sensors, actuators, etc.) in a system is increasing enormously to enable more flexible, intelligent production with more support for customization. Mechatronic variability, like different variants of sensors or actuators in the system, directly affects the control software. The standardization of physical interfaces of mechatronic components has provided well-defined plug-and-play interaction. Conversely, software components in the CPPS domain still face the issue of standardizing functionality. Software adaptability often leads engineers to develop control software for new mechatronic variants by just copying and modifying existing software. This leads to multiple and completely separate instances of the control software and a high development and maintenance effort. The core functionality of the control software should be standardized and reused as much as possible to reduce the development effort and improve overall reliability. This paper discusses an approach to standardize core functionality of IEC 61499-based control software. Our design approach encapsulates the process core functionality and defines standard interfaces for interacting with mechatronic variant software components. We evaluate our design approach by comparing it to the traditional clone-and-own approach for an academic case study system, a capping station. Additionally, we assess the impact of adding a new variant in the control software and analyze what changes are needed to keep the same core functionality. When introducing new mechatronic variants in combination with standardized core functionality, our design approach reduces the overall control software variance and maintenance effort.
A NETCONF-Based Solution for Credential Management in Time-Sensitive Networks

As cyber-attacks and functional safety requirements increase in Operational Technology (OT), implementing security measures becomes crucial. The IEC/IEEE 60802 draft standard addresses the security convergence in Time-Sensitive Networks (TSN) for industrial automation.We present the standard’s security architecture and its goals to establish end-to-end security with resource access authorization in OT systems. We compare the standard to our abstract technology-independent model for the management of cryptographic credentials during the lifecycles of OT systems. Additionally, we implemented the processes, mechanisms, and protocols needed for IEC/IEEE 60802 and extended the architecture with public key infrastructure (PKI) functionalities to support complete security management processes.
GeoGraspEvo: grasping points for multifingered grippers

The task of grasping objects is a simple and routinely action for humans but it is complex for robots. To integrate robots into everyday tasks, they have to be equipped with capabilities human-like dexterity. In this line, we propose an analytic method, called GeoGraspEvo, to compute grasping points to be used by robotic hands with three, four or more fingers. Our proposal uses features computed from visible surface objects captured by a single RGBD image of a scene. Additionally, it uses as input some configurable kinematic parameters to be able to carry out the grasping depending on the hand morphology. The method compute grasping points with no training process.
Extending the Life of Low Voltage Adjustable Speed Drives: The Newest Technology to Eliminate Risk

A fundamental aspect of low voltage ­adjustable speed drives’ (LV ASDs’) overcurrent protection is the elimination of harmful input power anomalies that could significantly damage the sensitive electronics in and around the ASD. This article provides an overview of the newest LV solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) technology and how petroleum and chemical industry users can take advantage of its ability in eliminating almost all the electromechanical stresses applied at the input to any LV ASD when protected with traditional circuit ­breakers or ­high-speed protective fuses. This higher level of protection comes through the use of SSCB technologies that provide the lowest let-through energy level of any overcurrent protective device available today. At the same time, these devices eliminate risk by reducing harmful arc flash incident energy to near-negligible levels while requiring no maintenance.
Derivation of climate elasticity of runoff to assess the effects of climate change on annual runoff

Climate elasticity of runoff is an important indicator for evaluating the effects of climate change on runoff. Consequently, this paper proposes an analytical derivation of climate elasticity. Based on the mean annual water‐energy balance equation, two dimensionless numbers (the elasticities of runoff to precipitation and potential evaporation) were derived. Combining the first‐order differential of the Penman equation, the elasticities of runoff to precipitation, net radiation, air temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity were derived to separate the contributions of different climatic variables. The case study was carried out in the Futuo River catchment in the Hai River basin, as well as in 89 catchments of the Hai River and the Yellow River basins of China. Based on the mean annual of climatic variables, the climate elasticity in the Futuo River basin was estimated as follows: precipitation elasticity , net radiation elasticity , air temperature elasticity , wind speed elasticity , and relative humidity elasticity . In this catchment, precipitation decrease was mainly responsible for runoff decline, and wind speed decline had the second greatest effect on runoff. In the 89 catchments of the Hai River and the Yellow River basins of China, climate elasticity was estimated as follows: ranging from 1.6 to 3.9, ranging from −1.9 to −0.3, ranging from −0.11 to −0.02°C−1, ranging from −0.8 to −0.1, and ranging from 0.2 to 1.9. Additional analysis shows that climate elasticity was sensitive to catchment characteristics.
Towards Securing Hard Real-Time Networked Embedded Devices and Systems: a cBPF Implementation for an FPGA

In this body of work we describe preliminary work implementing a Berkely Packet Filter, in its original conception, in an FPGA. The purpose is packet filtering and ingress traffic shaping in security-relevant applications in distributed embedded nodes. We specifically target PROFINET nodes in hard real-time applications where network security is an open issue. We describe the motivation, implementation and verification including performance characteristics. We conclude that such a filter can be used to not only for protection against simple denial-of-service attacks but also for ingress protocol management and potentially for the implementation of system-wide security policies.