Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast and Eecient Cache Behavior Prediction

1 Real-Time Applications and Modern Hardware Architec-tures A real-time system is one in which the correctness of the system depends not only on the logical results, but also on the time at which the results are produced. Hard real-time systems are those where it is absolutely imperative that responses occur within the speciied deadlines. Examples of areas where real-time systems are used include 10]: process control, nuclear power plants, agile manufacturing, intelligent vehicle highway systems, avionics, air traac control, telecommunications (the information super highway), multimedia, real-time simulation, virtual reality, medical applications (e.g., telemedicine and intensive care monitoring), and defense applications (e.g., command, control and communications). The market for real-time systems and real-time software is huge, and real-time technology is becoming more and more pervasive, e.g., in a 1997 Opel Omega, 12 microprocessors are used for various functions and many of them have real-time tasks like anti locking system, air bag, and motor control; in a Mercedes-Benz-S-Klasse there are up to 48 microprocessors. Among the typical application areas are many safety critical, where a failure of the system may lead to severe damage and/or loss of life. Such real-time systems necessitate a timing validation, usually referred to as schedulability analysis or scheduling analysis. A system is said to be schedulable if it can be shown that all timing requirements will be met. A real-time system is often structured as a set of processes with deadlines whereby execution can be distributed over multiple processors. There exist many results and analysis methods for real-time scheduling, but these analysis methods require that the WCET (Worst Case Execution Time) of each task (subtask, critical section, .) is known. However, the achievements of modern computer architectures 8] like cache memories and processor pipelines that made possible the tremendous performance increase in recent years complicate the prediction of sharp WCETs. The state of a cache depends on the execution history. This means that the cache behavior of the execution of a reference to an instruction or data could be innuenced by instructions that are very far away in the program text, in other modules , in libraries, or even in other programs including the operating system. In the presence of caches, methods to predict the WCET from execution time measurements of programs or tasks like software monitoring, the dual loop benchmark approach, direct execution time measurement with a logic analyzer, or hardware simulation are not generally applicable …
Relationship Between Perineural Invasion in Prostate Needle Biopsy Specimens and Pathologic Staging After Radical Prostatectomy

Background Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy among men worldwide and the sixth cause of cancer-related death. Some authors have reported a relationship between perineural invasion (PNI), Gleason score, and the invasion of peripheral organs during prostatectomy. However, it is not yet clear whether pathological evidence of PNI is necessary for risk stratification in selecting treatment type. Objectives The clinical and pathological stages of prostate cancer are compared in patients under radical prostatectomy and in patients without perineural invasion. Patients and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 109 patients who attended a tertiary health care center from 2008 to 2013. The selection criteria were PNI in prostate biopsy with Gleason scores less than six, seven, and eight to ten. The participants were enrolled in a census manner, and they underwent clinical staging. After radical prostatectomy, the rates of pathological staging were compared. The under-staging and over-staging rates among those with and without perineural invasion in biopsy samples were compared. Results The concordance between Gleason scores according to biopsy and pathology was 36.7% (40 subjects). The concordance rate was 46.4% and 33.3% among those with and without PNI, respectively. The concordance rates were significantly varied in different subclasses of Gleason scores in patients without PNI (P = 0.003); the highest concordance rate was a Gleason score of 7 (63.6%) and the lowest was a Gleason score of eight to ten (25%). However, there were no significant differences in patients with PNI (P > 0.05). Conclusions Although the presence of PNI in prostate biopsy is accompanied by higher surgical stages, PNI is not an appropriate independent factor in risk stratification.
Postural control during sit-to-stand movement and its relationship with upright position in children with hemiplegic spastic cerebral palsy and in typically developing children

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare postural control in typically developing (TD) children and children with cerebral palsy (CP) during the sit-to-stand (STS) movement and to assess the relationship between static (during static standing position) and dynamic postural control (during STS movement) in both groups. METHOD: The center of pressure (CoP) behavior of 23 TD children and 6 children with spastic hemiplegic CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] I and II) was assessed during STS movement performance and during static standing conditions with the use of a force plate. The data obtained from the force plate were used to calculate CoP variables: anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) amplitudes of CoP displacement and the area and velocity of CoP oscillation. RESULTS: According to the Mann-Whitney test, children with CP exhibited higher CoP values in all of the analyzed variables during the beginning of STS movement. Pearson's correlation verified a positive correlation between the CoP variables during both static conditions and the performance of STS movement. CONCLUSIONS: Children with spastic hemiplegic CP present major postural oscillations during the beginning of STS movement compared with typical children. Moreover, the observed relationship between postural control in static and dynamic conditions reveals the importance of body control in the static position for the performance of functional activities that put the body in motion, such as STS movement.
Securing Information through Trust Management in Wireless Networks

Wireless networks are prone to certain information security threats that are either unique, or more pronounced for them due to the open air nature of the channel, bandwidth limitations and constantly changing topology. The concept of trust management, i.e., establishment of trust combined with trust monitoring, can be useful for mitigating the consequences of a substantial number of these threats. In this paper we introduce schemes for trust based secure information management for wireless networks. We outline trust management for both centralauthority-assisted (base-assisted) and independent adhoc networks. For base-assisted networks, we define a trust based admission control scheme, use intent graphs for trust monitoring, and a peer monitoring scheme based on actual condition review. For ad-hoc networks, we define the concept of logical and physical trust domains and introduce the idea of using domain heads for trust management.
Evaluation of Social-usability of Interface Design in Computer Mediated Communication Systems

Introduction With the computer and internet being equipped in everyone’s home, people have extended their use of computers from works conducted in a working related environment to activities and communications in people’s daily life. Interface design becomes important for supporting not only the information flow between human and computers, but also the social communication among human being mediated by networks/digital devices (we called these as digital media). Because the new devices and online environment provides socialization opportunities and places for people develop and expand their social territories, people’s experiences online or with digital devices are regarded as highly significant for individual’s personal relationship development and community building.
The Relationship between Self-Regulation and Stress, Sleep, and Behavioral Health

The goal of this research was to investigate multiple aspects of self-regulation and their relationship to stress, sleep, and behavioral health. Participants (N=89, 55 females, 29 males, and 5 did not list their sex) were recruited from a high-risk Midwest high school. Participants reported their own self-regulatory ability, sleep, stress, and behavioral problems. Nail samples were also collected from a subset of the participants to assay for cortisol and DHEA. Several measures of self-regulation were found to correlate with sleep quality, behavioral problems, and perceived stress. The natural log of the ratio of cortisol to DHEA was positively correlated with multiple measures of self-regulation. These findings demonstrate a relationship a positive relationship among self-regulation, sleep quality, and improved behavioral functioning as indexed by lower levels of externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Better self-regulation also correlated with lower perceived stress, but higher physiological biomarkers of stress. These findings are discussed in the context of theoretical proposals of self-regulation and stress adaption.
Hormone Sensitivity of the R 3327-G Rat Prostate Adenocarcinoma : Growth Rate , DMA Content , and Hormone Receptors 1

The growth of the R3327-G rat prostatic adenocarcinoma was significantly reduced when implanted in orchiectomized male rats (ORCH tumors). Tumors grown in intact animals (control tumors) had a doubling time of 7.4 days as compared to 9.2 days in ORCH tumors. A computer-based analysis of flow cytometric DNA histograms also detected significant dif ferences between control and ORCH tumors. ORCH tumors were found to have 25% fewer cells with hyperdiploid DNA than control tumors (p < 0.01). This androgen sensitivity in growth rate and the proportion of hyperdiploid cells were further reflected in the binding of [3H]methyltrienolone ([3H]R1881) to cytoplasmic (cytosol) and nuclear tumor extracts. ORCH tumor cytosols had a [3H]R1881 binding capacity which was 70% lower than controls (6071 fmol/g tumor tissue). Nuclear [3H]R1881 binding in ORCH tumors was undetectable in seven of eight samples while in control tumors, binding was detectable in five of six preparations. Sucrose density gradient analysis showed that cytosolic [3H]R1881 receptors sedimented at 8.1 S in low salt and 4.6 to 3.3S in high salt. Nuclear [3H]R1881 receptors in high salt sedimented at 4.1 to 3.3S. Competition experiments using [3H]R1881 showed that [3H]R1881 receptors were primarily androgenic, although some displacement by estradiol did occur. In contrast, [3H]estradiol binding was found to be highly specific. The binding capacity of [3H]estradiol in ORCH tumor cytosols was 30% higher than controls (962 fmol/g tumor issue), while binding to ORCH and control nuclear extracts was similar. These data suggest that the inhibition of androgen-sensitive R3327-G tumor cells was related to the concentration of androgen receptors and that this in turn was expressed as a reduction in the proportion of hyperdiploid cells.
Computational ‘ Consilience ’ as a Basis for Theory Formation

We present computational definitions for the notion of ‘consilience’ of a theory. The term ‘consilience’ was coined by Whewell [Whewell 1847] to comprise the relevant basics in scientific theories: prediction, explanation and unification of fields. Since all of these criteria are desirable, consilience was informally introduced as a foundational issue for theory construction and modelling. However, a unified, formal and computational conception has not been presented to date, integrating in a consistent way prediction, explanation and unification of fields, allowing the growth and revision of knowledge. Nonetheless, the essence of our definition is based on a very well known psychological ground for ontology and epistemology: the notion of reinforcement. Whatever the approach to knowledge construction, the construction or revision of knowledge must come from a gain or loss, respectively, of reinforcement (also known as apportionment of credit [Holland et al. 1986]). We present a way to compute the reinforcement map for a given theory, depending on past observations. The usual or pure reinforcement ρρT(r) of a rule r from a theory T wrt. to some given observation C = {c1, c2, . , cn} is computed as the number of proofs for ci where r is used. If there are more than one proof for a given ci, all of them are reckoned, but, in the same proof, a rule is computed only once. The (normalised) reinforcement ρT(r) is defined as ρT(r) = 1 2-(r). From these definitions some properties are proven. For instance, in general, the most reinforced theory is not the shortest one but, in the limit, simplicity is a good criterion to obtain consilience. Somehow surprisingly, this is not the case in
International Journal of Health Geographics Open Access towards Web-based Representation and Processing of Health Information

Background: There is great concern within health surveillance, on how to grapple with environmental degradation, rapid urbanization, population mobility and growth. The Internet has emerged as an efficient way to share health information, enabling users to access and understand data at their fingertips. Increasingly complex problems in the health field require increasingly sophisticated computer software, distributed computing power, and standardized data sharing. To address this need, Web-based mapping is now emerging as an important tool to enable health practitioners, policy makers, and the public to understand spatial health risks, population health trends and vulnerabilities. Today several web-based health applications generate dynamic maps; however, for people to fully interpret the maps they need data source description and the method used in the data analysis or statistical modeling. For the representation of health information through Web-mapping applications, there still lacks a standard format to accommodate all fixed (such as location) and variable (such as age, gender, health outcome, etc) indicators in the representation of health information. Furthermore, net-centric computing has not been adequately applied to support flexible health data processing and mapping online.
Salinity change in the subtropical Atlantic: Secular increase and teleconnections to the North Atlantic Oscillation

Recent studies comparing shipboard data between the 1950's and the 1990's have shown significant, heterogeneous adjustments of the temperature‐salinity structure of the N. Atlantic Ocean. Here, we present proxy records of temperature and salinity from aragonite sclerosponge skeletons, extending existing records of the Salinity Maximum Waters (SMW) of the N. Atlantic back to 1890. These proxy records show secular temperature increases of 1.6–2.0°C, higher than published global averages, and salinity increases of 0.35–0.5 psu, smaller than short‐term secular trends recently measured. Salinity reconstructions vary more significantly on the decadal scale, showing changes that are related to low‐frequency variations of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). On both secular and decadal time scales, the records indicate significant thermohaline changes in the SMW, either via forcing at the surface or increasing depths of density surfaces in the Bahamas.
Advanced dynamic resource allocation schemes for satellite systems

This paper deals with an efficient dynamic bandwidth allocation technique is presented based on traffic prediction. In particular, the self-similar traffic modeling is herein considered and the accuracy of several prediction techniques is taken into account. With the aim of improving the overall system performance a corrective factor is introduced applying it to predicted traffic level. This approach is then applied to a satellite IP network based on the DVB-RCS standard highlighting the noticeable advantages of the proposed allocation policy in terms of link delay both in the case of a single traffic class and in a multiclass environment based on the DiffServ model.
MLP modular networks for multi-class recognition

We present a connectionist modular approach which is potentially able to deal with real-size applications as its size does not increase drastically with the size of the problem. It relies on very simple cooperation schemes of modular MLP networks especially designed for some sub-tasks. Several cutting up are tested : from two or three nets to one network per class. These approaches are compared on a multi-class classification task (recognition of typographic characters) in terms of performance rates.
ON THE GRAPH-BASED PANORAMA CONSTRUCTION FOR 2 D LARGE-SCALE MICROSCOPE IMAGES

On analysis of existing images mosaicing methods, the conception of mosaicing graph is introduced and some principles to construct high quality panorama are presented in the paper. Image registration algorithm based on spatial relationship is applied to calculate the registration position and evaluate the registration error of a pair of images. Then three images mosaicing approaches based on spanning trees, including minimum cost spanning tree, shortest path spanning tree with media as root and minimum rouging cost spanning tree are proposed to calculate global optimum position of every images and to create the panorama. In the experiments, results of four methods are compared and the approaches based on shortest path spanning tree with media as rot and minimum routing cost spanning tree are proved to be appropriate to construct panorama with high quality and great efficiency.
Exploring query reformulation for named entity expansion in information retrieval

Named Entities are valuable information containers. Expanding these elements is an ongoing research area in information retrieval. In this paper, we focus on the way in which named entity expansions are added to the query. Three approaches are explored: Bag Of Words, Sequential Dependence and Key Concept. Evaluating these three approaches for named entity expansion reveals interesting improvements in precision and recall.
High-level rapid prototyping of graphical models

Graphical models provide a flexible framework for capturing probabilistic relationships between large numbers of variables. Because of this flexibility, researchers usually compare a number of possible model topologies and parameter settings for their particular application. However, typically a choice exists between libraries in lower-level languages with faster inference, and libraries in higher-level languages with slower inference. Here we present a rapid-prototyping library for graphical models which combines flexible representation in a high-level language with dynamic compilation to low-level code for performing actual inference. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the resulting library on a set of benchmark images, comparing with a reference implementation in the C++ language. We show that the library facilitates the creation of domain-specific languages for quickly defining and testing graphical models.
Research on Algorithm of Conflict Detection and Resolution in Free Flight Based on Genetic Algorithms

The research background of Free Flight is discussed, the substance of the conflict detection and resolution in Free Flight based on genetic algorithms is studied, and a mathematical model is constructed in the paper. The emulation results of applications show that the genetic algorithms is suitable and positive to detect and resolute the conflict in Free Flight. The flight courses of aircrafts, which are as close as possible to the theoretical direct flight course of the least-fuel-consumption, can be generated by genetic algorithms.
VIDEO SEGMENTATION BASED ON 1 D-MOSAICS REPRESENTATION

In this paper, a new method is presented for video navigation based on a hyper-scene representation of MPEG-2 compressed videos. For that purpose, each shot of the video sequence is represented using two 1-D mosaic images obtained using the MPEG-2 motion vectors. The clustering process is based on the evaluation of the similarities between 1-D mosaics. Two similarity criteria, respectively based on a global comparison and a matching distance after motion compensation, have been designed. Furthermore, in order to reduce as much as possible the computational complexity, the mosaic images are represented using a Linear Piecewise Representation. Experimental results have been performed on documentary video sequences. Satisfactory hierarchical hyperscene representations of these sequences have been obtained.
Deviations from chemical equilibrium due to spin-down as an internal heat source in neutron stars

The core of a neutron star contains several species of particles, whose relative equilibrium concentrations are determined by the local density. As the star spins down, its centrifugal force decreases continuously, and the star contracts. The density of any given fluid element increases, changing its chemical equilibrium state. The relaxation towards the new equilibrium takes a finite time, so the matter is not quite in chemical equilibrium, and energy is stored that can be released by reactions. For a neutron star core composed of neutrons (n), protons (p), and electrons (e), the departure from chemical equilibrium is quantified by the chemical potential difference $\delta\mu\equiv \mu_{\rm p}+\mu_{\rm e} -\mu_{\rm n}$. A finite $\delta\mu$ increases the reaction rates and the neutrino emissivity. If large enough ($|\delta\mu|\gta 5kT$), it reduces the net cooling rate because some of the stored chemical energy is converted into thermal energy, and can even lead to net heating. A simple model shows the effect of this heating mechanism on the thermal evolution of neutron stars. It is particularly noticeable for old, rapidly spinning stars with weak magnetic fields. Observational consequences for millisecond pulsars are discussed.
The learner experience of student-led international group project work in software engineering

Software development has become increasingly globalized because of technological innovation, the evolution of work and business processes, as well as prevailing educational systems and national policies [1]. This paper addresses the challenges faced when creating realistic opportunities for students to participate in team working on a globally distributed software engineering project. We examine the experience of one set of students who undertook a single semester software development project, the technical objective of which was to create a product using online collaboration tools [2]. The students involved were studying at two widely-separated universities: Robert Gordon University (RGU), UK, and the International Institute for Information Technology, Bangalore (IIIT-B), India. A classroom-based action research approach has been used to evolve and reflect on the project [3]. Detailed student feedback was canvassed using an open-ended questionnaire. The students report favourably on acquisition of employability, collaboration and professional skills. A number of challenges remain in areas of project management, the use of collaborative technology and of scaling the project to larger classes, while retaining a manageable supervision overhead.