Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative fluorescence emission anisotropy microscopy for implementing homo–fluorescence resonance energy transfer measurements in living cells

Quantitative fluorescence emission anisotropy microscopy reveals the organization of fluorescently labeled cellular components and allows their characterization in terms of changes in either rotational diffusion or homo-Förster’s energy transfer characteristics in living cells. These properties provide insights into molecular organization, such as orientation, confinement, and oligomerization in situ. Here we elucidate how quantitative measurements of anisotropy using multiple microscope systems may be made by bringing out the main parameters that influence the quantification of fluorescence emission anisotropy. We focus on a variety of parameters that contribute to errors associated with the measurement of emission anisotropy in a microscope. These include the requirement for adequate photon counts for the necessary discrimination of anisotropy values, the influence of extinction ratios of the illumination source, the detector system, the role of numerical aperture, and excitation wavelength. All these parameters also affect the ability to capture the dynamic range of emission anisotropy necessary for quantifying its reduction due to homo-FRET and other processes. Finally, we provide easily implementable tests to assess whether homo-FRET is a cause for the observed emission depolarization.
Ionic Liquids and Electrolytes with Flexible Aromatic Anions.

Five new n-tetrabutylphosphonium (P4444)+ cation based ionic liquids (ILs) with oligoether substituted aromatic carboxylate anions have been synthesized. The nature and position of the oligoether chain affect thermal stability (up to 330 ºC), phase behaviour (Tg < -55 ºC) and ion transport. Furthermore, with the aim of application in lithium batteries, electrolytes were created for two of the ILs by 10 mol% doping using the corresponding Li-salts. This affects the ion diffusion negatively, from being higher and equal for cations and anions to lower for all ions and unequal. This is due to the stronger ionic interactions and formation of aggregates, primarily between the Li+ ions and the carboxylate group of the anions. Electrochemically, the electrolytes have electrochemical stability windows up to 3.5 V, giving some promise for battery application.
DMCT-Net: dual modules convolution transformer network for head and neck tumor segmentation in PET/CT

Objective. Accurate segmentation of head and neck (H&N) tumors is critical in radiotherapy. However, the existing methods lack effective strategies to integrate local and global information, strong semantic information and context information, and spatial and channel features, which are effective clues to improve the accuracy of tumor segmentation. In this paper, we propose a novel method called dual modules convolution transformer network (DMCT-Net) for H&N tumor segmentation in the fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) images. Approach. The DMCT-Net consists of the convolution transformer block (CTB), the squeeze and excitation (SE) pool module, and the multi-attention fusion (MAF) module. First, the CTB is designed to capture the remote dependency and local multi-scale receptive field information by using the standard convolution, the dilated convolution, and the transformer operation. Second, to extract feature information from different angles, we construct the SE pool module, which not only extracts strong semantic features and context features simultaneously but also uses the SE normalization to adaptively fuse features and adjust feature distribution. Third, the MAF module is proposed to combine the global context information, channel information, and voxel-wise local spatial information. Besides, we adopt the up-sampling auxiliary paths to supplement the multi-scale information. Main results. The experimental results show that the method has better or more competitive segmentation performance than several advanced methods on three datasets. The best segmentation metric scores are as follows: DSC of 0.781, HD95 of 3.044, precision of 0.798, and sensitivity of 0.857. Comparative experiments based on bimodal and single modal indicate that bimodal input provides more sufficient and effective information for improving tumor segmentation performance. Ablation experiments verify the effectiveness and significance of each module. Significance. We propose a new network for 3D H&N tumor segmentation in FDG-PET/CT images, which achieves high accuracy.
Bronchoscopic blood patch in postlung transplant patients with persistent air leak

Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Department of Pediatrics, Perlman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Comparative evaluation of fracture resistance and failure modes in endodontically treated molars restored with zirconia endocrown and onlays.

INTRODUCTION Developments in dental materials, CAD/CAM technologies and adhesive dentistry have improved the application of conservative restorations such as endocrowns and onlays. Among ceramics, zirconia has properties such as high strength, transformation toughening, chemical and structural durability, and biocompatibility, which enable zirconia to be used in the posterior area. AIM This study is a comparative evaluation of fracture resistance and failure modes in endodontically treated molars restored with zirconia endocrown and onlays. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed on 20 human mandibular first molars with similar dimensions. After root canal treatment, the samples were divided into two groups: endocrowns and onlays (n=10). Restorations were made using a CAD-CAM milling machine with zirconia CAD blocks and, after cementation, subjected to 10,000 thermocycling and 500,000 fatigue cycle procedures, respectively. Each specimen was placed on a Universal Testing Machine and subjected to axial compressive force applied at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The mean loads of failure of each group were statistically compared using the Student t-test. Chi-square tests were used to compare frequencies of failure modes among groups. RESULTS Fracture resistance showed a statistically significant difference between endocrown (5374.6810±670.03445 N) and onlay (3312.5000±804.01428 N) (p<0.001). No statistically significant difference was detected in the distribution of failure types among the groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The fracture resistance of endocrown is substantially higher than that of onlay, and failure type does not differ in both restorations. Zirconia is a reliable material to use in conservative restorations.
“If you respect me, you are respecting my culture”: methods and recommendations for personalizing a TBI transitional care intervention

ABSTRACT Objective Despite research, national legislation, and clinical guidelines supporting transitional care, there is minimal benefit from existing transitional care interventions for racial/ethnic minorities with traumatic brain injury (TBI) discharged home from acute hospital care. Existing TBI transitional care interventions are not tailored to address the needs/preferences of patients from various racial/ethnic minority groups. The purpose of this study was to describe use of personalization to tailor a TBI transitional care intervention for various racial/ethnic groups. Design Following preliminary intervention manual development, a qualitative descriptive study was conducted using eight focus groups with 40 English-and Spanish-speaking participants (12 patients, 12 caregivers, and 16 providers). Results Three personalization-related themes emerged: 1) what is important to me, 2) finding someone to deliver the intervention who can adapt to my needs, and 3) respect over culture. Findings informed personalization strategies within our final manual. Conclusions We recommend researchers who wish to use personalization to tailor interventions to consider: 1) allowing stakeholders to dictate what is most important and 2) implementing an iterative intervention development process with input from diverse stakeholders. Findings have implications for informing the development of transitional care interventions to increase the likelihood that interventions are inclusive of needs and preferences of various races/ethnicities.
A Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm for k-Shortest Paths Problem

A shuffled frog leaping algorithm for solving k-shortest paths problem is proposed.The algorithm uses the form of natural route to encode frog individual.A method of carrying out leaping behavior of frog is designed to transmit meme information among frogs.In each memeplex,the meme information of frog individuals is optimized by the local search realized through the leaping from the worse individuals to the better ones.New searching orientation of each memeplex is made by shuffling all memeplexes together and sorting them,to exchange and recombine meme information with other memeplexes.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs better in searching k-shortest paths with high converging speed and stability.It can be applied to large-scale networks to solve the problem of finding multiple optimal paths.
Estimation of the Components Image Segmentation Number via the Normalized Horizontal Gap Statistic

Based on the gap statistical method foundation by Tibshirani R. etc, it presents 4 factors for the gap statistic in order to estimate the components images segmentation number, establishes the normalized horizontal gap statistic. Estimating the components images segmentation number, it verifies the method, compares with the gap statistical model and the normalized horizontal gap statistic model, analyzes the characteristics of the model.
Controlling Dynamic Stall With an Active Flexible Wall

A low energy active flexible wall transducer has been used to interact with unsteady separating boundary layers over a pitching NACA 0012 airfoil, at a Mach Number of 0.1, Reynolds Number around 6 E 05 and reduced frequencies around 0.1. The transducer consisted of an array of thin strip shaped high and low electrodes covered with an aluminized Mylar membrane. An electric excitation was given to two adjacent strips generating vibrations of the membrane of around 0.01 μm amplitude over the actuated strips. The pressures were measured along the central chord axis using a pressure scanner. The electric excitation of the transducer at a frequency corresponding to Strouhal Number (based on strip spacing and local free stream velocity) of approximately 1 delayed the onset of dynamic stall by 2°. The maximum actuation power consumption was 1 W for 30 cm of actuated length in the span wise direction.
Microbiologic outcomes of ceftazidime‐avibactam dosing in patients with sepsis utilizing renal replacement therapies

The suggested dose of ceftazidime‐avibactam (CEF/AVI) in patient with multidrug resistant organisms and utilizing renal replacement therapies (RRTs) is not validated in clinical studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiologic cure of bacteremia and pneumonia using the recommended CEF/AVI dosing in patients utilizing RRT.
Detection of macular atrophy in age-related macular degeneration aided by artificial intelligence

ABSTRACT Introduction Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible visual impairment worldwide. The endpoint of AMD, both in its dry or wet form, is macular atrophy (MA) which is characterized by the permanent loss of the RPE and overlying photoreceptors either in dry AMD or in wet AMD. A recognized unmet need in AMD is the early detection of MA development. Areas covered Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated great impact in detection of retinal diseases, especially with its robust ability to analyze big data afforded by ophthalmic imaging modalities, such as color fundus photography (CFP), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), near-infrared reflectance (NIR), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Among these, OCT has been shown to have great promise in identifying early MA using the new criteria in 2018. Expert opinion There are few studies in which AI-OCT methods have been used to identify MA; however, results are very promising when compared to other imaging modalities. In this paper, we review the development and advances of ophthalmic imaging modalities and their combination with AI technology to detect MA in AMD. In addition, we emphasize the application of AI-OCT as an objective, cost-effective tool for the early detection and monitoring of the progression of MA in AMD.
Cortico-muscular coherence in primary lateral sclerosis reveals abnormal cortical engagement during motor function beyond primary motor areas

Abstract Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a slowly progressing disorder, which is characterized primarily by the degeneration of upper motor neurons (UMNs) in the primary motor area (M1). It is not yet clear how the function of sensorimotor networks beyond M1 are affected by PLS. The aim of this study was to use cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) to characterize the oscillatory drives between cortical regions and muscles during a motor task in PLS and to examine the relationship between CMC and the level of clinical impairment. We recorded EEG and EMG from hand muscles in 16 participants with PLS and 18 controls during a pincer-grip task. In PLS, higher CMC was observed over contralateral-M1 (α- and γ-band) and ipsilateral-M1 (β-band) compared with controls. Significant correlations between clinically assessed UMN scores and CMC measures showed that higher clinical impairment was associated with lower CMC over contralateral-M1/frontal areas, higher CMC over parietal area, and both higher and lower CMC (in different bands) over ipsilateral-M1. The results suggest an atypical engagement of both contralateral and ipsilateral M1 during motor activity in PLS, indicating the presence of pathogenic and/or adaptive/compensatory alterations in neural activity. The findings demonstrate the potential of CMC for identifying dysfunction within the sensorimotor networks in PLS.
BCL2 is a major regulator of haploidy maintenance in murine embryonic stem cells

Mammalian haploid cells are important resources for forward genetic screening and are important in genetic medicine and drug development. However, the self‐diploidization of murine haploid embryonic stem cells (haESCs) during daily culture or differentiation jeopardizes their use in genetic approaches. Here, we show that overexpression (OE) of an antiapoptosis gene, BCL2, in haESCs robustly ensures their haploidy maintenance in various situations, even under strict differentiation in vivo (embryonic 10.5 chimeric fetus or 21‐day teratoma). Haploid cell lines of many lineages, including epiblasts, trophectodermal lineages, and neuroectodermal lineages, can be easily derived by the differentiation of BCL2‐OE haESCs in vitro. Transcriptome analysis revealed that BCL2‐OE activates another regulatory gene, Has2, which is also sufficient for haploidy maintenance. Together, our findings provide an effective and secure strategy to reduce diploidization during differentiation, which will contribute to the generation of haploid cell lines of the desired lineage and related genetic screening.
Cardiomyocyte ZKSCAN3 regulates remodeling following pressure‐overload

Autophagy is important for protein and organelle quality control. Growing evidence demonstrates that autophagy is tightly controlled by transcriptional mechanisms, including repression by zinc finger containing KRAB and SCAN domains 3 (ZKSCAN3). We hypothesize that cardiomyocyte‐specific ZKSCAN3 knockout (Z3K) disrupts autophagy activation and repression balance and exacerbates cardiac pressure‐overload‐induced remodeling following transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Indeed, Z3K mice had an enhanced mortality compared to control (Con) mice following TAC. Z3K‐TAC mice that survived exhibited a lower body weight compared to Z3K‐Sham. Although both Con and Z3K mice exhibited cardiac hypertrophy after TAC, Z3K mice exhibited TAC‐induced increase of left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end diastole (LVPWd). Conversely, Con‐TAC mice exhibited decreases in PWT%, fractional shortening (FS%), and ejection fraction (EF%). Autophagy genes (Tfeb, Lc3b, and Ctsd) were decreased by the loss of ZKSCAN3. TAC suppressed Zkscan3, Tfeb, Lc3b, and Ctsd in Con mice, but not in Z3K. The Myh6/Myh7 ratio, which is related to cardiac remodeling, was decreased by the loss of ZKSCAN3. Although Ppargc1a mRNA and citrate synthase activities were decreased by TAC in both genotypes, mitochondrial electron transport chain activity did not change. Bi‐variant analyses show that while in Con‐Sham, the levels of autophagy and cardiac remodeling mRNAs form a strong correlation network, such was disrupted in Con‐TAC, Z3K‐Sham, and Z3K‐TAC. Ppargc1a also forms different links in Con‐sham, Con‐TAC, Z3K‐Sham, and Z3K‐TAC. We conclude that ZKSCAN3 in cardiomyocytes reprograms autophagy and cardiac remodeling gene transcription, and their relationships with mitochondrial activities in response to TAC‐induced pressure overload.
Family-Related Life Events as Predictors of Labor Market Marginalization Trajectories

This study has shown the importance of family-related life events for labour market marginalization and provided scientific knowledge to policy makers to consider use family support services at all life stages for promoting labour market participation. Objectives The aims of the study are to investigate trajectories of labor market marginalization (LMM) and to examine the associations between family-related life events and LMM trajectories while accounting for familial factors. Methods This is a prospective cohort study of 37,867 Swedish twins. Data were analyzed by group-based trajectory modeling. Associations of family-related life events with trajectory groups were estimated by multinomial logistic regression. Results Most participants had no or low levels of LMM. Individuals who stayed married over time or changed from single without children to married with children had a decreased risk of LMM. The risk of LMM over time was higher among individuals who changed from married to being single. Conclusions Being or getting married as well as having children decreases the risk of LMM while divorce is a risk factor for LMM.
Epidemiology of Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis in the primary health care setting in the Netherlands

Abstract The aim of this paper is to describe the prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis in patients who visited general practitioners in the Netherlands. Additionally, we describe the prevalence of M. genitalium resistance to azithromycin and moxifloxacin. We used data from 7,411 consecutive female patients who were screened for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium, and T. vaginalis and data from 5,732 consecutive male patients screened for C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae, and M. genitalium. The prevalence of M. genitalium and T. vaginalis in female patients was 6.7% (95% CI: 6.2 to 7.4) and 1.9% (95%CI: 1.6 to 2.2%), respectively. M. genitalium prevalence in male patients was 3.7% (3.3 to 4.3). M. genitalium co-occurred with C. trachomatis in 1.4% (0.3 to 0.6%) of female and in 0.7% (0.5 to 0.9) of male patients. Macrolide resistance gene mutations and fluoroquinolone resistance gene mutations were detected in 73.8% and 9.9%, respectively. We concluded that M.genitalium is relatively infrequently found in a large general practitioner population in the Netherlands. It can co-occur with C. trachomatis, and is often resistant to azithromycin. Therefore, when treating sexually transmitted infections, these prevalence and resistance data should be taken into account.
Response to Pralsetinib in Multi-Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer With CCDC6-RET Mutation

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) represent a pathological subtype of breast cancer, which are characterized by strong invasiveness, high metastasis rate, low survival rate, and poor prognosis, especially in patients who have developed resistance to multiline treatments. Here, we present a female patient with advanced TNBC who progressed despite multiple lines of treatments; next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to find drug mutation targets, which revealed a coiled-coil domain-containing protein 6 (CCDC6)-rearranged during transfection (RET) gene fusion mutation. The patient was then given pralsetinib, and after one treatment cycle, a CT scan revealed partial remission and adequate tolerance to therapy. Pralsetinib (BLU-667) is a RET-selective protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can inhibit the phosphorylation of RET and downstream molecules as well as the proliferation of cells expressing RET gene mutations. This is the first case in the literature of metastatic TNBC with CCDC6-RET fusion treated with pralsetinib, an RET-specific antagonist. This case demonstrates the potential efficacy of pralsetinib in cases of TNBC with RET fusion mutations and suggests that NGS may reveal new opportunities and bring new therapeutic interventions to patients with refractory TNBC.
Crucial choices in a global health crisis: Revealing the demand and willingness to pay for a hypothetical monkeypox vaccine – the PREVENT study

Background The latent monkeypox outbreak has become the most emergent public health challenge globally. This study was conducted to assess the acceptability, and willingness to take and pay for a hypothetical Monkeypox vaccine among the Vietnamese general public as well as investigate preference for individual vaccine attributes. Methods An online cross-sectional study was conducted using snowball sampling among 842 respondents in Vietnam in 2022. A Discrete choice experiment (DCE) on preference for six major attributes of vaccine: effectiveness, immunity duration, side effects, mortality rate, restriction, and the cost was applied. Results Fear of the impact of monkeypox on public health and the economy, vaccine service satisfaction and responsibility to the community were the most weighted factors in the decision to take a hypothetical monkeypox vaccine. Two-thirds of participants were willing to take the vaccine, while insufficient information on monkeypox and the vaccine were the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy. For vaccine attributes, the mortality rate after seven days of vaccination was the most weighted while cost was the least influential attribute. Factors associated with willingness to take and to pay for the monkeypox vaccine included knowledge of transmission, geographical location, service satisfaction, and risk of infection, while financial burden and fear of vaccine were major drivers of hesitancy. Conclusion Our findings underline an urgent need for effective information dissemination through social media and counseling. The implementation of nationwide monkeypox vaccination requires prioritization and support for high-risk groups as well as consideration for the country’s financial resources.