Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Timescales of orogeny: Jurassic construction of the Klamath Mountains

An electronic supplement of this material may be obtained on a diskette or Anonymous FTP from KOSMOS.AGU. ORG (LOGIN to AGU’s FTP account using ANONYMOUS as the username and GUEST as the password. Go to the right directory by typing CD APEND. Type LS to see what files are available. Type GET and the name of the file to get it. Finally, type EXIT to leave the system.) (Paper 94YCJ2454, Timescales of orogeny: Jurassic construction of the Klamath Mountains, B.R. Hacker, M.M. Donato, C.G. Barnes, M.O. McWilliams, and W.G. Ernst). Diskette may be ordered from American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W. , Washington, DC 20009; $15.00. Payment must accompany order. Classical interpretations of orogeny were based on relatively imprecise biostratigraphic and isotopic age determinations that necessitated grouping apparently related features that may in reality have been greatly diachronous. Isotopic age techniques now have the precision required to resolve the timing of orogenic events on a scale much smaller than that of entire mountain belts. Forty-five new 40Ar/39Ar ages from the Klamath Mountains illuminate the deformation, metamorphism, magmatism, and sedimentation involved in the Jurassic construction of that orogen, leading to a new level of understanding regarding how preserved orogenic features relate to ancient plate tectonic processes. The new geochronologic relationships show that many Jurassic units of the Klamath Mountains had 200 Ma or older volcanoplutonic basement. Subsequent formation of a large ∼170 Ma arc was followed by contractional collapse of the arc. Collision with a spreading ridge may have led to large-scale NW–SE extension in the central and northern Klamaths from 167 to ∼155 Ma, coincident with the crystallization of voluminous plutonic and volcanic suites. Marked cooling of a large region of the central Klamath Mountains to below ∼350°C at ∼150 Ma may have occurred as the igneous belt was extinguished by subduction of colder material at deeper structural levels. These data demonstrate that the Klamath Mountains—and perhaps other similar orogens—were constructed during areally and temporally variant episodes of contraction, extension, and magmatism that do not fit classical definitions of orogeny.
Spatial teleconnections in African rainfall: A comparison of 19th and 20th century patterns

Rainfall variability over the African continent is remarkably coherent on large-spatial scales. The continent as a whole has exhibited marked fluctuations of rainfall on scales from decades to millennia. A newly created data set commencing in 1800 allows for the comparison between patterns of spatial variability that prevailed on modern and historical time scales. The results show the dominance of a small number of spatial patterns, one of the most common being anomalies of the same sign over most of the continent. Two other common modes are an opposition between equatorial and subtropical regions and an east–west opposition in the equatorial region and in southern Africa. In these modes, the shift between negative and positive poles can be abrupt. These patterns remain stable over time. That is, the spatial patterns and their degree of dominance are markedly similar during the 19th and 20th centuries. On the other hand, the large-scale factors governing the rainfall regime appear to vary on decadal time scales. This is particularly true for ENSO and the Indian Ocean Zonal Mode. The associations with large-scale wind regimes are more stable over time. The robustness of these patterns and varying importance of large-scale factors have implications for the interpretation of paleoclimate data.
Estimating Geothermal Energy Resource Potential within Jema’a Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria

This study used aeromagnetic data of Jema’a, sheet No.188 to estimate the geothermal energy resource potential in Jema’a Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study area lies between latitude and N and longitude and E. Total magnetic intensity (TMI) map of the area was produced from the gridded data. Residual map was obtained by removing regional field from the TMI which was divided into 36 blocks for spectral analysis. The centroid depth (Z_0) was obtained by dividing the gradient of the lengthiest wavelength part of the spectrum by the wave number. The depth to top (Z_t) of the magnetic source was obtained from the gradient of high wave number portion of the power spectrum. The values of Z_0 and Z_t were used to obtain the values for depth to bottom of the magnetic source (Z_B). The geothermal gradient (dT/dZ) values were obtained by dividing by Z_B while the heat flow (q) values were obtained by multiplying dT/dZ by the constant k (2.51). The dT/dZ values obtained range from 13.560 to 4000.000? /km with an average value of and having the least (13.560 ? /km) around Kafanchan axis and the highest (4000.000 ? /km) around Sanga. The values range from 34.036 to 1004.00 mW m^(-2) with an average value of 118.089 mW m^(-2). The dT/dZ values were observed to be greater than 100 mW m^(-2) around Sanga and Andaha axes. The Curie depth (28 km) was deepest at the South-South, South-East and South-West regions. Since magnetic properties of minerals disappear at this temperature and thermal conductivity of rocks increases with depth, these areas are potential geothermal energy source.
White Spruce Seedling ( Picea glauca ) Discovered North of the Brooks Range Along Alaska's Dalton Highway

A white spruce seedling, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, was found at the northern edge of the Brooks Range in Alaska, more than 50 km north of the latitudinal tree line. The seedling, 19 cm tall and about nine years old, was growing at the side of the Dalton Highway to Prudhoe Bay. It most likely sprouted from a seed transported across the Brooks Range on a vehicle and has survived on the well-drained gravel road berm, where site conditions are more favorable for germination and survival than in the surrounding tundra. This spruce has survived for about a decade under current climatic conditions. Even with a warming climate, natural seed dispersal is severely hampered by the rugged topographic barrier of the Brooks Range. Considering the amount of vehicle traffic on the Dalton Highway, however, it is likely that more pioneering spruce seedlings will turn up along this corridor. Once over the Brooks Range, a spruce population can potentially develop and expand.
Electrochemical Synthesis of Silver-Tetracyanoquinodimethane Nanorods at Agar Supported Water/1,2-Dichloroethane Interface

: Silver-tetracyanoquinodimethane (AgTCNQ) is an important charge transfer salt due to its high conductivity and other electronic properties. In this communication, we report the synthesis of AgTCNQ at the liquid/liquid interface. Agar was used as a gelling agent to support water/1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) interface. Silver ions were transferred from the hydrogel into DCE phase, where they combined with TCNQ - to form AgTCNQ nanorods. The developed method can provide a new route for synthesis of functional materials based on the electrochemistry at the liquid/liquid interface.
Sol–Gel Technologies to Obtain Advanced Bioceramics for Dental Therapeutics

The aim of this work is to review the application of bioceramic materials in the context of current regenerative dentistry therapies, focusing on the latest advances in the synthesis of advanced materials using the sol–gel methodology. Chemical synthesis, processing and therapeutic possibilities are discussed in a structured way, according to the three main types of ceramic materials used in regenerative dentistry: bioactive glasses and glass ceramics, calcium phosphates and calcium silicates. The morphology and chemical composition of these bioceramics play a crucial role in their biological properties and effectiveness in dental therapeutics. The goal is to understand their chemical, surface, mechanical and biological properties better and develop strategies to control their pore structure, shape, size and compositions. Over the past decades, bioceramic materials have provided excellent results in a wide variety of clinical applications related to hard tissue repair and regeneration. Characteristics, such as their similarity to the chemical composition of the mineral phase of bones and teeth, as well as the possibilities offered by the advances in nanotechnology, are driving the development of new biomimetic materials that are required in regenerative dentistry. The sol–gel technique is a method for producing synthetic bioceramics with high purity and homogeneity at the molecular scale and to control the surfaces, interfaces and porosity at the nanometric scale. The intrinsic nanoporosity of materials produced by the sol–gel technique correlates with the high specific surface area, reactivity and bioactivity of advanced bioceramics.
Monitoramento semidetalhado (escala de 1:250.000) de ocupação de solos do Cerrado: considerações e proposta metodológica

The Brazilian Cerrado is the second richest biome in terms of biodiversity and the major agricultural frontier in Brazil. Its remaining vegetation is characterized by the presence of grass-, shrub- and forest- dominated strata, occurring in varying proportion along its 208 million hectares. A significant portion of this biome is occupied by the cultivated and native pastures and agricultural areas with extensive production of soybean, maize and, more recently, cotton and coffee. Besides its importance in terms of biodiversity and food production, to date, there is no semidetailed land cover mapping of the Cerrado. In the first part of this study, we introduce a new proposal for the Cerrados land cover mapping in a 1:250,000 scale. Such proposal is based on the Landsat image interpretation as well as in a combined visual-digital analysis and support from ancillary MODIS and Agricultural Census data. Targets easier to interpret in a Landsat-like satellite images such as central-pivot or water reservoirs will be discriminated first and then subtracted from the scene. In the second part, we present some important findings obtained by the analysis of original and enhanced optical and microwave data for tropical savanna natural vegetation mapping. In this case, L-band radar data (wavelengths of 23 centimeter), synergism between radar and vegetation indices and the linear mixture models presented results rather promissing.
Multimodal Depression Recognition that Integrates Audio and Text

Depression is characterized by persistent low mood significantly affecting people’s daily lives and work. According to research, speech concentrates mostly on information like tone, speed, and loudness, making it challenging to directly ascertain semantic information. Although textual information is comprehensive and straightforward, it also includes drawbacks including ambiguity and bias. Speech and text fusion are utilized for depression recognition to increase the efficacy of emotion recognition. The extraction of speech features adopts Mel frequency cepstrum coefficient (MFCC) features, and then a bidirectional long short-term memory network is built using convolutional neural networks and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks (BiLSTM) for long-term modeling. The attention mechanism is further used to enhance the weight of key emotional features in speech. Textual feature extraction uses Bert, and then two layers of LSTM networks are further used to extract textual features. Afterward, extracted speech and text features are fused at the feature level, and their recognition effects on the E-DAIC dataset are compared. The experimental results show that the recognition of depression by multi-modal fusion features is better than that by single-modality features.
Improved the Detection Algorithm of Steel Surface Defects Based on YOLOv7

To solve the problem of low accuracy and slow speed of steel surface defect detection, an improved steel surface defect detection algorithm based on YOLOv7 was proposed. To strengthen the fitting ability of the bounding box loss, the bounding box loss function is replaced by Wise-IoU (WIoU). To solve the mismatching problem of each unit during training, improve the sensitivity of each branch to the traget scale, and avoid training trangets on inappropriate units, the scale-aware training strategy is introduced. Omni-Dimensional Dynamic Convolution (ODConv) is added to weight the convolution and improve the detection performance of the output terminal for small targets with defects on the steel surface. Ablation and comparison experiments were carried out on NEU-DET dataset. Compared with the original YOLOv7 algorithm, the Precision of the improved algorithm was increased by 9.8 percentage points, and the mAP was increased by 8.2 percentage points. The results show that the improved algorithm can effectively improve the efficiency of steel surface defect small target detection.
Geology of the Villalvernia – Varzi Line Between Scrivia and Curone valleys (NW Italy)

The External Ligurian and Epiligurian Units in the Northern Apennines of Italy are tectonically juxtaposed with the Tertiary Piedmont Basin along the Villalvernia – Varzi Line, which represents a regional scale fault zone, E-striking. Our map, at the 1:20,000 scale, describes the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of this sector that resulted from multistage faulting along that fault zone. Four main tectonic stages are defined on the basis of the crosscutting relationships between mapped faults and stratigraphic unconformities: late Priabonian – Rupelian, Chattian – early Miocene, late Serravallian – Tortonian, and late Messinian – early Pliocene. Our results demonstrate that since the late Burdigalian, the Villalvernia – Varzi Line was sealed by the gravitational emplacement of a chaotic rock body. The deposition of the late Serravallian – early Messinian succession is controlled by NW-striking strike-slip faults that crosscut to the west the Villalvernia – Varzi Line. Extensional tectonics related to regional scale N-dipping tilting characterized the late Messinian – early Pliocene time interval.
MUSIC AS AN ERGOGENIC RESOURCE: THE INFLUENCE OF MUSIC ON PERFORMANCE DURING THE PRACTICE OF STRENGTH TRAINING AND AEROBIC TRAINING

O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar se a utilização de músicas preferidas e não preferidas durante o exercício, independente do estilo musical, poderiam influenciar no desempenho físico de praticantes do treinamento de força e do treinamento aeróbico. Este é um estudo de corte transversal, sendo uma pesquisa de campo com caráter quantitativo seguindo um modelo de estudo descritivo, para análise estatística utilizou-se para a verificação da normalidade da distribuição de dados o teste de Shapiro-Wilk e o teste F ANOVA one-way foi utilizado para fazer análise da variância das médias variáveis e foi adotado valor para diferenças estatísticas significativas (P≤0,05). Os resultados mostraram que ouve diferença estatisticamente significativa positiva (F=7,72; p= 0,01) no desempenho físico quando aplicado músicas preferidas no treinamento de força em exercício Leg press quando comparado a realização destes sem uso de música. Quanto ao treinamento aeróbico, não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas (F=3,34) no desempenho físico quando os exercícios são realizados sobre audição de músicas preferidas, não preferidas e sem audição de músicas.
Development of a land-cover characteristics database for the conterminous U.S.

Information regarding the characteristics and spatial distribution of the Earth's land cover is critical to global environmental research. A prototype land-cover database for the contaminous United States designed for use in a variety of global modeling, monitoring, mapping, and analytical endeavors has been created. Database development has involved (1) a stratification of vegetated and barren land, (2) an unsupervised classificatin of multitemporal greenness data derived from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) imagery collected from March through October 1990, and (3) post-classificatin stratification of classes into homogeneous land-cover regions using ancillary data.
Camera Calibration with Baseline Distance Constraints

This paper presents a distance‐constrained bundle adjustment approach which was used to calibrate a multi‐sensor system. The multi‐sensor system integrates three rigidly fixed cameras, two visible and one thermal infrared. The influence of the number of camera base constraints is empirically analysed through the process of self‐calibration bundle adjustment. The successful calibration of the multi‐sensor system requires the incorporation of a full set of baseline distance constraints into the adjustment to obtain satisfactory computations of the camera bases and relative rotations between cameras. The improvement in the precision of the calibration is outstanding; its maximum is achieved with the low‐resolution thermal camera. This constrained solution is recommended for multi‐sensor systems that integrate rigidly fixed cameras.
SCImago Media Rankings (SMR): situation and evolution of the digital reputation of the media worldwide

In this paper, we present the results of the first global ranking that assesses the status and evolution of the media according to their digital reputation. We analyzed 4,541 general information digital newspapers, both legacy and native, published in 200 countries and in more than 80 languages. Methodologically, we applied a new Digital Reputation Indicator (DRI) as a composite evaluation and measurement tool, weighting web metrics from globally recognized, balanced, and validated sources such as Semrush, Ahrefs, and Majestic. This establishes the foundations of the SCImago Media Rankings (SMR) as a balanced watchdog resource for analysis of the digital transformation of the media and as an international catalog of journalistic websites, with a consensus-based and homologous classification and typification that can be applied to different countries. The main conclusion of the first three quarterly waves, carried out between September 2022 and March 2023, is that there is a direct relationship between the degree of socioeconomic and cultural development of the countries and the digital reputation achieved by their media outlets in the ranking. Additionally, the influence of language is notable as a determining factor in the positioning of the media in the ranking. The top positions are occupied by reference digital newspapers located in Western countries of the Northern Hemisphere, especially those in the English language.
Improve BBB Penetration and Cytotoxicity of Palbociclib in U87-MG Glioblastoma Cells Delivered by Dual Peptide Functionalized Nanoparticles

Palbociclib (PBC) is an FDA-approved CDK4/6 inhibitor used for breast cancer treatment. PBC has been demonstrated its ability to suppress the proliferation of glioma cells by inducing cell cycle arrest. However, the efflux transporters on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the delivery of PBC to the brain. The nano-delivery strategy with BBB-penetrating and glioma-targeting abilities was designed. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) was functionalized with the potential peptide, T7 targeting peptide and/or R9 penetrating peptide, to prepare PBC-loaded nanoparticles (PBC@NPs). The size of PBC@NPs was in the range of 168.4 ± 4.3–185.8 ± 4.4 nm (PDI < 0.2), and the zeta potential ranged from −17.8 ± 1.4 mV to −14.3 ± 1.0 mV dependent of conjugated peptide. The transport of PBC@NPs across the bEnd.3 cell model was in the order of dual-peptide modified NPs > T7-peptide modified NPs > peptide-free NPs > free PBC, indicating facilitated delivery of PBC by NPs, particularly the T7/R9 dual-peptide modified NPs. Moreover, PBC@NPs significantly enhanced U87-MG glioma cell apoptosis by 2.3–6.5 folds relative to PBC, where the dual-peptide modified NPs was the most effective one. In conclusion, the PBC loaded dual-peptide functionalized NPs improved cellular uptake in bEnd.3 cells followed by targeting to U87-MG glioma cells, leading to effective cytotoxicity and promoting cell death.
Origin of honeycombs and related weathering forms in Oligocene Macigno Sandstone, Tuscan coast near Livorno, Italy

Two types of cavernous‐weathering features are exposed in the Oligocene Macigno Sandstone along 5 km of the Tuscan coast south of Livorno, Italy. Honeycomb cells (type 1 features) are typical closely spaced, more or less circular pits of centimetre scale that have been eroded 2 to 6 cm below the general surface of bedding planes or joints. ‘Aberrant honeycomb’ cells (type 2 features) are highly elongate, polygonal, or irregular ﬂat depressions of decimetre scale surrounded by walls rarely higher than 2 cm, some of which pass into long, free‐standing walls or tendrils. Thus, not all type 2 ‘honeycomb’ cells are fully enclosed.
Role of β-hydroxybutyrate as regulator of cell death pathway in experimental cancer model

Cancer is a disease of unlimited cellular growth and division which lead to the disturbance of cellular homeostasis, destruction to the immune system, and different impairment that can be catastrophic to the cells. Chronic inflammation is widely recognized as a major risk factor for cancer formation, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Recently, it was shown that Gasdermin D (GSDMD) protein drives pyroptotic cell death in macrophages on cleavage by inflammatory caspases Allow massive release of pro-inflammatory mediators. In this study, we examined the role of B.hydroxy butyrate as a regulator of cell death pathway in Ehrlich’s Ascites Carcinoma (EAC). 50 female albino mice randomly divided into five equal groups:Group N:negative control, Group E (Ehrlich ascetic bearing mice), Group E+K (EAC-bearing group co-treated with ketone bodies, Group K+E+K (ketone bodies pretreated group), GroupK:ketone bodies control group.Ascetic cells and mammary gland tissue were homogenized and used for the assay of the gasdermin D level by ELISA. Keto diet significantly increase trypan blue positive dead cells. This was associated with decreased gasdermin D in all treated groups when compared to the untreated group. Conclusion: The current study obscure that inflammatory cell death pathways pyroptosis which is one of key element of tumor microenvironment was significantly reduced through keto diet administration.
Multiple solutions for a class of non-homogeneous p(x)-Kirchhoff type equations

The main aim of this paper is to investigate the existence of nontrivial solutions for a class of variable exponent p ( x ) -Kirchhoff type equations. We prove the existence of three solutions by using the mountain pass theorem and Ekeland’s variational principle. Moreover, when λ = 0, we obtain the existence of inﬁnite many solutions by using the symmetric mountain pass theorem.