Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immutably answering Why-Not questions for equivalent conjunctive queries

Answering Why-Not questions consists in explaining to developers of complex data transformations or manipulations why their data transformation did not produce some specific results, although they expected them to do so. Different types of explanations that serve as Why-Not answers have been proposed in the past and are either based on the available data, the query tree, or both. Solutions (partially) based on the query tree are generally more efficient and easier to interpret by developers than solutions solely based on data. However, algorithms producing such query-based explanations so far may return different results for reordered conjunctive query trees, and even worse, these results may be incomplete. Clearly, this represents a significant usability problem, as the explanations developers get may be partial and developers have to worry about the query tree representation of their query, losing the advantage of using a declarative query language. As remedy to this problem, we propose the Ted algorithm that produces the same complete query-based explanations for reordered conjunctive query trees.
Average consensus with minimum energy consumption: Optimal topology and power allocation

Consensus algorithms have generated a lot of interest due to their simplicity in computing globally relevant statistics exploiting only local communications among sensors. However, the inherent iterative nature of consensus algorithms makes them prone to a possibly large energy consumption. Because of the strong energy constraints of wireless sensor networks, it is then of interest to minimize energy consumption necessary to achieve consensus, within a prescribed accuracy requirement. In this work, we propose a method for optimizing the network topology and power allocation over each link, in order to minimize energy consumption, while ensuring that the network reaches a global consensus. Interestingly, we show how to introduce a relaxation in the topology optimization that converts a combinatorial problem into a convex-concave fractional problem. The results show how the sparsity of the resulting network depends on the propagation model.
A Pose Robust Multi-View Face Recognition System using Plane of Pose Tolerance

In this paper, we propose a pose robust multi-view face recognition system using plane of pose tolerance (PPT). The proposed system defines the PPT which represents the tendency of pose variation well presented in multiple images. Compared with the traditional multi-view face recognition system, the proposed system is more robust and accurate especially to the error caused by pose estimation since it uses the property of multiple images. We obtain 91% face recognition rate for the proposed system and accomplished 15% improvement when compared with the traditional one.
Soft X-ray background fluctuations and large-scale structure in the Universe

We have studied the fluctuations of the soft (0.9-2 keV) X-ray background inten- sity for �10 arcmin and �2 arcmin beam sizes, using 80 high galactic latitude medium- deep images from the ROSAT position sensitive proportional counter (PSPC). These fluctuations are dominated (and well reproduced) by confusion noise produced by sources unresolved with the beam sizes we used. We find no evidence for any ex- cess fluctuations which could be attributed to source clustering. The 95 per cent confidence upper limits on excess fluctuationsIclus are: (�Iclus/I)10 arcmin � 0.12, (�Iclus/I)2 arcmin � 0.07. We have checked the possibility that low surface brightness extended objects (like groups or clusters of galaxies) may have a significant contribu- tion to excess fluctuations, finding that they are not necessary to fit the distribution of fluctuations, and obtaining an upper limit on the surface density for this type of source. Standard Cold Dark Matter models would produceI/I larger than the above limits for any value of the density of the Universe = 0.1 1, unless the bias param- eter of the X-ray emitting matter is smaller than unity, or an important fraction of the sources of the soft X-ray background (�30 per cent) is at redshifts z > 1. Limits on the 2-10 keV excess fluctuations are also considered, showing that X-ray sources in that band have to be at redshifts z > 1 unless > 0.4. Finally, if the spatial correlation function of the sources that produce these excess fluctuations is instead a power law, the density contrast ��/� implied by the excess fluctuations reveals that the Universe is smooth and linear on scales of tens of Mpc, while it can be highly non-linear on scales � 1 Mpc.
Patterns of marital change across the transition to parenthood: pregnancy to three years postpartum.

The purpose of this investigation is to advance the study of marital change across the transition to parenthood by moving beyond the study of central tendencies to examine variation in the matter and extent to which spouses experiences of their mates and their marital relationships changed from the last trimester of pregnancy through 3 years postpartum. Analyses of marital data collected at 4 points in time on 128 middle and working-class families rearing a firstborn child resulted in the identification of 4 distinct patterns of marital change which were labeled ACCELERATING DECLINE LINEAR DECLINE NO CHANGE and MODEST POSITIVE INCREASE. In a series of developmentally ordered discriminant function analyses efforts were made to distinguish decliners from increasers by using demographic personality and marital information collected prenatally; data on infant temperament and change in infant temperament obtained at 3 and 9 months postpartum respectively; and data on negative life events and income change collected at 3 years postpartum. Analyses revealed that patterns of marital change are determined by multiple factors and are largely identifiable prior to the infants birth. Postnatal information on infant temperament often improved the ability to discriminate marriages that declined and improved in quality across the transition to parenthood. (authors)
Expert-Aware Approach Towards Network Security Visualization Tool Services

Many computers have been infected with the computer anomalies. The availability of network security visualization tools greatly facilitate to perceive computer users from being affected by these anomalies. Many of the network security visualization tools are designed particularly for users with advanced network security knowledge even though the tools are indispensable by various types of computer users. We proposed an expert-aware approach to designing a system which formulated with a large amount of network data or high-dimensional data and adaptive for different types of users. In the preliminary phase, we construct an expertise classification algorithm which provides a default setting for the expert-aware network security visualization tool. The tool will learn from continual user feedbacks in order to statistically satisfy the needs of majority tool users. The expert-aware approach looks at the users’ expertise level in network security and adapts the visualization views that are best suitable for the user. Initial results of the implementation of the system show that it is capable of representing several of network security data not only from small network but also complicated high dimensional network. Our main focus in this paper is to fulfill different requirements from different computer users.
Safety and tolerability of regadenoson for myocardial perfusion imaging – first Danish experience

ABSTRACT Objectives. Evaluating safety and tolerability of the selective A2A receptor agonist, regadenoson, in patients referred for single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Design. Observational study of patients referred for MPI stress testing using a 400 μg regadenoson (Rapiscan®) bolus. Hemodynamic variables and severity of adverse events (AE) were recorded before, during, and after administration. Results. A total of 232 patients were included. One or more AE were reported in 90% of patients; the AEs were graded mostly mild to moderate in severity, resolved spontaneously, and were mainly dyspnea, headache, and chest pain. No advanced heart block or bronchospasm were seen. Transient ST-segment changes developed in 10 patients. The maximum increase in heart rate was 19 ± 11 beats/minute. The mean systolic blood pressure decreased from 144 to 139 mmHg (p < 0.0001). Medical intervention was required in three patients: one case with severe hypotension and two cases with chest pain that was relieved with sublingual nitroglycerin. One patient died the day after stress MPI for reasons considered unrelated to regadenoson. Conclusion. Regadenoson for MPI is easy to use with a high frequency of AEs, which are generally mild in severity, transient, and resolve spontaneously.
Effect of Berry Extracts and Bioactive Compounds on Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780) Sensitive and Resistant Cell Lines

Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780; ICI) is approved for the treatment of advanced metastatic breast cancer that is unresponsive to other endocrine therapies. Berries are frequently consumed for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer potential. In this study, we tested the efficacy of two berry extracts (Jamun-EJAE and red raspberry-RRE) and their bioactive compounds (Delphinidin-Del and Ellagic acid-EA) to inhibit cell proliferation with or without a sublethal dose of ICI in various breast cancer cell lines. ICI-sensitive (LCC1, ZR75-1, and BT474) and -resistant (LCC9, ZR75-1R) cells were subjected to treatment with berry extracts alone (0.1–100 μg/mL) or with a sub-lethal dose of ICI (<IC50 dose; 1 nM for sensitive; 1 μM for resistant cells). Extracts and Del enhanced the effect of ICI in sensitive ZR75-1 and BT474 cells primarily in an additive fashion (measured by relative index (RI)~1). In ZR75-1R cells, both EJAE and RRE synergistically enhanced the effects of ICI (15–50%; P < 0.05; RI > 1). EA, in doses tested, did not have any significant effects on any of the cell lines. Finally, we found that the extracts were more effective at lower, physiologically relevant concentrations than at higher experimental doses.
Stereographic Orientation Parameters for Attitude Dynamics: A Generalization of the Rodrigues Parameters

A new family of orientation parameters derived from the Euler parameters is presented. They are found by a general stereographic projection of the Euler parameter constraint surface, a four-dimensional unit sphere, onto a three-dimensional hyperplane. The resulting set of three stereographic parameters have a low degree polynomial non-linearity in the corresponding kinematic equations and direction cosine matrix parameterization. The stereographic parameters are not unique, but have a corresponding set of “shadow” parameters. These “shadow” parameters are distinct, yet represent the same physical orientation. Using the original stereographic parameters combined with judicious switching to their shadow set, it is possible to describe any rotation without encountering a singularity. The symmetric stereographic parameters are nonsingular for up to a principal rotation of ±360°. The asymmetric stereographic parameters are well suited for describing the kinematics of spinning bodies, since they only go singular when oriented at a specific angle about a specific axis. A globally regular and stable control law using symmetric stereographic parameters is presented which can bring a spinning body to rest in any desired orientation without backtracking the motion.
Effect of magnetically simulated zero-gravity and enhanced gravity on the walk of the common fruitfly†

Understanding the effects of gravity on biological organisms is vital to the success of future space missions. Previous studies in Earth orbit have shown that the common fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster) walks more quickly and more frequently in microgravity, compared with its motion on Earth. However, flight preparation procedures and forces endured on launch made it difficult to implement on the Earth's surface a control that exposed flies to the same sequence of major physical and environmental changes. To address the uncertainties concerning these behavioural anomalies, we have studied the walking paths of D. melanogaster in a pseudo-weightless environment (0g*) in our Earth-based laboratory. We used a strong magnetic field, produced by a superconducting solenoid, to induce a diamagnetic force on the flies that balanced the force of gravity. Simultaneously, two other groups of flies were exposed to a pseudo-hypergravity environment (2g*) and a normal gravity environment (1g*) within the spatially varying field. The flies had a larger mean speed in 0g* than in 1g*, and smaller in 2g*. The mean square distance travelled by the flies grew more rapidly with time in 0g* than in 1g*, and slower in 2g*. We observed no other clear effects of the magnetic field, up to 16.5 T, on the walks of the flies. We compare the effect of diamagnetically simulated weightlessness with that of weightlessness in an orbiting spacecraft, and identify the cause of the anomalous behaviour as the altered effective gravity.
Multiple Mediational Model of Outness, Social Support, Mental Health, and Wellness Behavior in Ethnically Diverse Lesbian, Bisexual, and Queer Women.

PURPOSE A growing body of research has begun to examine wellness behaviors in sexual minority women. While a number of constructs have been associated with wellness behaviors in this population, including outness, social support, and mental health, no research has attempted to forge the specific and unique connections among them. The aim of the current study was to construct a theoretical chain among these variables leading to wellness behaviors among an ethnically diverse sample of sexual minority women. METHODS A sample of 150 ethnically diverse, cisgender women identifying as lesbian, bisexual, queer, or an "other" non-heterosexual sexual orientation completed a web-administered national survey. Scales assessed participants' outness, social support, mental health, and wellness behaviors. RESULTS In a series of simultaneous, multiple regressions, outness to one's family was positively associated with wellness behavior and social support; social support from one's family and friends was positively associated with mental health; and depression was negatively associated with wellness behaviors. Two multiple mediational models generally suggested a cascading influence of outness to one's family on wellness behaviors through social support from one's family and depression. CONCLUSION The study is one of the first to find potentially cascading links among personal, social, and mental health variables with health behaviors in a sample of diverse lesbian, bisexual, and queer (LBQ) women. It thereby illuminates a number of potential targets for health promotion interventions in this population.
PATTERNS OF NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICITS AND UNAWARENESS OF ILLNESS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA

It has been alternately theorized that poor insight in patients with schizophrenia results from deficits in executive function and a preference for denial as a coping strategy. One possibility is there are two distinct groups of persons with poor insight: those with impairments in executive function and those with a generally avoidant coping style. To examine this question, the authors performed a cluster analysis on 64 persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders on the basis of the PANSS insight and judgment item and executive function assessed with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. As predicted, three groups were found: good insight-average executive function (N = 28), poor insight-average executive function (N = 13), and poor insight-poor executive function (N = 23). When self-reported coping styles were compared among groups, as predicted, the poor insight-average executive function group endorsed a significantly greater preference for denial as a coping strategy than the poor insight-poor executive function group, even after controlling for differences in executive function. The coping scores of the good insight group did not differ significantly from either poor insight group. Results suggest that denial may play a role in the unawareness of illness in some persons with schizophrenia who have average executive function.
Modular wireless inertial trackers for biomedical applications

In the past few years, semiconductor based wireless positing and tracking devices have successfully integrated into consumer electronics devices. The sensors track the movement and the orientation of the device to provide a positioning feedback to the program. However, the accuracy of these trackers is typically not acceptable for biomedical application which demands high accuracy. Previous study was performed to access the feasibility of using semiconductor based inertial measurement units (IMU) for human motion tracking. After evaluating the strength and weakness in the previous IMU modules, several modifications and improvement were made. A modular IMU was designed with high resolution ADC. A statistical based approach for orientation tracking is currently being developed and preliminary data were presented and compared with other tracking algorithms.
Contributions of the Lectin and Polypeptide Binding Sites of Calreticulin to Its Chaperone Functions in Vitro and in Cells *

Calreticulin is a lectin chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum that interacts with newly synthesized glycoproteins by binding to Glc1Man9GlcNAc2 oligosaccharides as well as to the polypeptide chain. In vitro, the latter interaction potently suppresses the aggregation of various non-glycosylated proteins. Although the lectin-oligosaccharide association is well understood, the polypeptide-based interaction is more controversial because the binding site on calreticulin has not been identified, and its significance in the biogenesis of glycoproteins in cells remains unknown. In this study, we identified the polypeptide binding site responsible for the in vitro aggregation suppression function by mutating four candidate hydrophobic surface patches. Mutations in only one patch, P19K/I21E and Y22K/F84E, impaired the ability of calreticulin to suppress the thermally induced aggregation of non-glycosylated firefly luciferase. These mutants also failed to bind several hydrophobic peptides that act as substrate mimetics and compete in the luciferase aggregation suppression assay. To assess the relative contributions of the glycan-dependent and -independent interactions in living cells, we expressed lectin-deficient, polypeptide binding-deficient, and doubly deficient calreticulin constructs in calreticulin-negative cells and monitored the effects on the biogenesis of MHC class I molecules, the solubility of mutant forms of α1-antitrypsin, and interactions with newly synthesized glycoproteins. In all cases, we observed a profound impairment in calreticulin function when its lectin site was inactivated. Remarkably, inactivation of the polypeptide binding site had little impact. These findings indicate that the lectin-based mode of client interaction is the predominant contributor to the chaperone functions of calreticulin within the endoplasmic reticulum.
Neural Correlates of Hate

In this work, we address an important but unexplored topic, namely the neural correlates of hate. In a block-design fMRI study, we scanned 17 normal human subjects while they viewed the face of a person they hated and also faces of acquaintances for whom they had neutral feelings. A hate score was obtained for the object of hate for each subject and this was used as a covariate in a between-subject random effects analysis. Viewing a hated face resulted in increased activity in the medial frontal gyrus, right putamen, bilaterally in premotor cortex, in the frontal pole and bilaterally in the medial insula. We also found three areas where activation correlated linearly with the declared level of hatred, the right insula, right premotor cortex and the right fronto-medial gyrus. One area of deactivation was found in the right superior frontal gyrus. The study thus shows that there is a unique pattern of activity in the brain in the context of hate. Though distinct from the pattern of activity that correlates with romantic love, this pattern nevertheless shares two areas with the latter, namely the putamen and the insula.
The Problem of Fragile Feature Subset Preference in Feature Selection Methods and a Proposal of Algorithmic Workaround

We point out a problem inherent in the optimization scheme of many popular feature selection methods. It follows from the implicit assumption that higher feature selection criterion value always indicates more preferable subset even if the value difference is marginal. This assumption ignores the reliability issues of particular feature preferences, over-fitting and feature acquisition cost. We propose an algorithmic extension applicable to many standard feature selection methods allowing better control over feature subset preference. We show experimentally that the proposed mechanism is capable of reducing the size of selected subsets as well as improving classifier generalization.
Endometrial stem cells

Purpose of review The human endometrium is a dynamic tissue, which undergoes cycles of growth and regression with each menstrual cycle. Endometrial regeneration also follows parturition and extensive resection and occurs in postmenopausal women taking estrogen replacement therapy. It is likely that adult stem/progenitor cells are responsible for this remarkable regenerative capacity. This review discusses the first published evidence for the existence of endometrial stem/progenitor cells in human and mouse endometrium. Recent findings Functional approaches have been used to identify candidate endometrial epithelial and stromal stem/progenitor cells, due to lack of known specific endometrial stem cell markers. Rare clonogenic cells and side population cells have been identified in human endometrial cell populations. In mouse endometrium, rare label-retaining cells have also been identified. The ability of transplanted human endometrial cells to grow endometrial tissue in animal hosts also suggests the presence of stem/progenitor cells. Summary These initial studies providing the first functional evidence for epithelial and stromal stem/progenitor cells in human and mouse endometrium lay the groundwork for further studies to characterize their stem cell properties. They also provide the impetus to discover specific markers that will enable their prospective isolation and allow their location in normal and pathological endometrium to be determined. Abbreviation LRC: label-retaining cell.
Epigenetic Regulation of Adipogenesis by PHF2 Histone Demethylase

PHF2 is a JmjC family histone demethylase that removes the methyl group from H3K9me2 and works as a coactivator for several metabolism-related transcription factors. In this study, we examined the in vivo role of PHF2 in mice. We generated Phf2 floxed mice, systemic Phf2 null mice by crossing Phf2 floxed mice with CMV-Cre transgenic mice, and tamoxifen-inducible Phf2 knockout mice by crossing Phf2 floxed mice with Cre-ERT2 transgenic mice. Systemic Phf2 null mice had partial neonatal death and growth retardation and exhibited less adipose tissue and reduced adipocyte numbers compared with control littermates. Tamoxifen-induced conditional knockout of PHF2 resulted in impaired adipogenesis in stromal vascular cells from the adipose tissue of tamoxifen-inducible Phf2 knockout mice as well as of Phf2 knocked-down 3T3-L1 cells. PHF2 interacts with CEBPA and demethylates H3K9me2 in the promoters of CEBPA-regulated adipogenic genes. These findings suggest that PHF2 histone demethylase potentiates adipogenesis through interaction with CEBPA in vivo. Taken together, PHF2 may be a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of obesity and the metabolic syndrome.