Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Journey to the Common Good

Respected author and theologian Walter Brueggemann turns his discerning eye to the most critical yet basic needs of a world adapting to a new era, an era defined in large part by America's efforts to rebuild from an age of terror even as it navigates its way through an economic collapse. Yet in spite of these great challenges, Brueggemann calls us to journey together to the common good through neighborliness, covenanting, and reconstruction. Such a concept may seem overwhelming, but writing with his usual theological acumen and social awareness Brueggemann distills this challenge to its most basic issues: where is the church going? What is its role in contemporary society? What lessons does it have to offer a world enmeshed in such turbulent times? The answer is the same answer God gave to the Israelites thousands of years ago: love your neighbor and work for the common good. Brueggemann considers biblical texts as examples of the journey now required of the faithful if they wish to move from isolation and distrust to a practice of neighborliness, as an invitation to a radical choice for life or for death, and as a reliable script for overcoming contemporary problems of loss and restoration in a failed urban economy.
Simultaneous Screening of Activities of Five Cytochrome P450 and Four Uridine 5′-Diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase Enzymes in Human Liver Microsomes Using Cocktail Incubation and Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Cytochrome P450 (P450) and uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) are major metabolizing enzymes in the biotransformation of most drugs. Altered P450 and UGT activities are a potential cause of adverse drug-drug interaction. A method for the simultaneous evaluation of the activities of five P450s (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A) and four UGTs (UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7) was developed using in vitro cocktail incubation and tandem mass spectrometry. The nine probe substrates used in this assay were phenacetin (CYP1A2), diclofenac (CYP2C9), S-mephenytoin (CYP2C19), dextromethorphan (CYP2D6), midazolam (CYP3A), 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) (UGT1A1), trifluoperazine (UGT1A4), mycophenolic acid (UGT1A9), and naloxone (UGT2B7). This new method involves incubation of two cocktail doses and single cassette analysis. The two cocktail doses and the concentration of each probe substrate in vitro were determined to minimize mutual drug interactions among substrates. Cocktail A comprised phenacetin, diclofenac, S-mephenytoin, dextromethorphan, and midazolam, whereas cocktail B comprised SN-38, trifluoperazine, mycophenolic acid, and naloxone. In the incubation study of these cocktails, the reaction mixtures were pooled and simultaneously analyzed using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The method was validated by comparing inhibition data obtained from the incubation of each probe substrate alone with data from the cocktail method. The IC50 values obtained in both cocktail and individual incubations were in agreement with values previously reported in the literature. This cocktail method offers a rapid and robust way to simultaneously evaluate phase I and II enzyme inhibition profiles of many new chemical entities. This new method will also be useful in the drug discovery process and for advancing the mechanistic understanding of drug interactions.
Objects and attention

One of the most important and controversial topics in the field of visual attention is the nature of the units of attentional selection. Traditional models have characterized attention in spatial terms, as a "spotlight" that moves around the visual field, applying processing resources to whatever falls within that spatial region. Recent models of attention, in contrast, suggest that in some cases the underlying units of selection are discrete visual objects and that attention may be limited by the number of objects that can be simultaneously selected.Objects and Attention explores the idea that attention and objecthood are intimately and importantly related. In addition to reviewing the evidence for object-based attention and exploring what can "count" as an object of attention, it examines how such issues relate to other sensory modalities, such as auditory objects of attention, and to other areas of cognitive science, such as the infant's object concept. The book has applications to work in experimental cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience, philosophy of mind, developmental psychology, computer modelling, and the psychology of audition.
Novel Genotypes of H9N2 Influenza A Viruses Isolated from Poultry in Pakistan Containing NS Genes Similar to Highly Pathogenic H7N3 and H5N1 Viruses

The impact of avian influenza caused by H9N2 viruses in Pakistan is now significantly more severe than in previous years. Since all gene segments contribute towards the virulence of avian influenza virus, it was imperative to investigate the molecular features and genetic relationships of H9N2 viruses prevalent in this region. Analysis of the gene sequences of all eight RNA segments from 12 viruses isolated between 2005 and 2008 was undertaken. The hemagglutinin (HA) sequences of all isolates were closely related to H9N2 viruses isolated from Iran between 2004 and 2007 and contained leucine instead of glutamine at position 226 in the receptor binding pocket, a recognised marker for the recognition of sialic acids linked α2–6 to galactose. The neuraminidase (NA) of two isolates contained a unique five residue deletion in the stalk (from residues 80 to 84), a possible indication of greater adaptation of these viruses to the chicken host. The HA, NA, nucleoprotein (NP), and matrix (M) genes showed close identity with H9N2 viruses isolated during 1999 in Pakistan and clustered in the A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97 virus lineage. In contrast, the polymerase genes clustered with H9N2 viruses from India, Iran and Dubai. The NS gene segment showed greater genetic diversity and shared a high level of similarity with NS genes from either H5 or H7 subtypes rather than with established H9N2 Eurasian lineages. These results indicate that during recent years the H9N2 viruses have undergone extensive genetic reassortment which has led to the generation of H9N2 viruses of novel genotypes in the Indian sub-continent. The novel genotypes of H9N2 viruses may play a role in the increased problems observed by H9N2 to poultry and reinforce the continued need to monitor H9N2 infections for their zoonotic potential.
Association Between Hearing Impairment and the Quality of Life of Elderly Individuals

Hearing impairment is one of the most common chronic health problems of elderly Americans. Although adverse effects on quality of life are thought to be considerable, they have not been rigorously evaluated. This study was designed to identify the types and extent of dysfunction experienced by elderly individuals with hearing loss, and to define the most appropriate measures for assessing this dysfunction. Elderly male veterans attending a primary care clinic were screened for hearing loss and had their quality of life assessed with a comprehensive battery of disease‐specific and generic measures. Of 472 people who had their hearing tested, 106 had hearing loss. Hearing loss was associated with significant emotional (P = .0001), social (P = .0001), and communication (P = .02) dysfunction. Most individuals (66%) perceived these dysfunctions as severe handicaps even though audiologic loss revealed only mild to moderate impairment (pure tone average loss, 27–55 dB). Adverse effects were best detected with disease‐specific rather than generic functional status measures. We conclude that hearing impairment is associated with important adverse effects on the quality of life of elderly individuals, and that these effects are perceived as severe handicaps even by individuals with only mild to moderate degrees of hearing loss.
Distributed energy resources challenges for utilities

This paper provides an overview of the challenges that utilities will be facing during and after the interconnection of distributed energy resources (DER), especially at high penetration levels when utility distribution systems may be operating outside of the existing design parameters. First, California has adopted smart inverter/converter standards to mitigate potential issues caused by DER but there will be other remaining issues that utilities will have to face. This paper will provide various potential impacts that high DER penetration will bring to the system whether or not they have advanced features. Additionally, it will provide recommendations for system impact studies needed to assess DER impacts on distribution systems. Finally, this paper will provide recommendations of advanced features to easy DER high penetration scenarios.
The Universal Behavior of Phase Correlations in Nonlinear Gravitational Clustering

The large-scale structure of the universe is thought to evolve by a process of gravitational amplification from low-amplitude Gaussian noise generated in the early universe. The later nonlinear stages of gravitation-induced clustering produce phase correlations with well-defined statistical properties. In particular, the distribution of phase differences D between neighboring Fourier modes provides useful insights into the clustering phenomenon. Here we develop an approximate theory for the probability distribution D and test it using a large battery of numerical simulations. We find a remarkable universal form for the distribution that is well described by theoretical arguments.
Role of direct immunofluorescence in dermatological disorders

Background: Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test for tissue-bound autoantibodies, has been found to be of value in the diagnosis of several dermatological disorders. The location and pattern of deposition of immunoreactants helps in classifying various immune-mediated diseases. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the concordance between the clinical, histopathological and DIF diagnosis in bullous and nonbullous lesions of the skin, and thus determine the impact of immunofluorescence on diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 215 skin biopsies performed in suspected immune-mediated vesiculobullous disease, vasculitis or dermatosis, were studied. Histopathological examination was done along with DIF study for deposits of immunoglobulin G(IgG), IgA, IgM, and C3. Results: Direct immunofluorescence was positive in 103/215 cases. There was very good concordance between the clinical, histological and DIF results (observed agreement = 93.4%, κ =0.90, with 95% confidence interval = 0.86-0.94). The overall sensitivity of DIF in immune-mediated skin disorders was 98.0%. DIF was positive in 52/53 cases (98.1%) in the pemphigus group and 24/25 (96.0%) bullous pemphigoid cases. None of the clinically suspected cases of dermatitis herpetiformis showed DIF positivity. A positive lupus band test was seen in 9/9 (100%) cases of lupus erythematosus. DIF was positive in 10/10 (100%) clinically suspected cases of Henoch-Schönlein purpura. In 110 cases, negative DIF results helped to rule out immune-mediated vesiculobullous disorders, lupus erythematosus and vasculitis, and the final diagnosis was made on the basis of the clinical features and/or histopathology. Conclusion: Direct immunofluorescence is a useful supplement for the accurate diagnosis of immune-mediated dermatological disorders, and helps to classify various autoimmune bullous disorders. When the clinical features/histopathology are inconclusive, the diagnosis often can be made on the basis of the DIF findings alone. A combination of the clinical features, histopathology and DIF usually gives the best results.
Rapid, solid-phase based automated analysis of chromatin structure and transcription factor occupancy in living eukaryotic cells

Transcription factors, chromatin components and chromatin modification activities are involved in many diseases including cancer. However, the means by which alterations in these factors influence the epigenotype of specific cell types is poorly understood. One problem that limits progress is that regulatory regions of eukaryotic genes sometimes extend over large regions of DNA. To improve chromatin structure–function analysis over such large regions, we have developed an automated, relatively simple procedure that uses magnetic beads and a capillary sequencer for ligation-mediated-PCR (LM-PCR). We show that the procedure can be used for the rapid examination of chromatin fine-structure, nucleosome positioning as well as changes in transcription factor binding-site occupancy during cellular differentiation.
Basic properties of toroidal structures in Kerr‐de Sitter backgrounds

Perfect fluid tori with uniform distribution of the specific angular momentum orbiting the Kerr‐de Sitter black holes or naked singularities are studied. Closed equipotential surfaces corresponding to stationary toroidal discs are allowed only in the spacetimes admitting stable circular geodesics. The last closed surface crosses itself in the cusp(s) enabling outflow(s) of matter from the torus due to the violation of hydrostatic equilibrium. The repulsive cosmological constant, Λ > 0, implies the existence of the outer cusp (with a stabilizing effect on the tori because of excretion, i.e., outflow of matter from the torus into the outer space) and the strong collimation of open equipotential surfaces along the rotational axis. Both the effects take place nearby so‐called static radius where the gravitational attraction is just balanced by the cosmic repulsion. The plus‐family discs (which are always corotating in the black‐hole backgrounds but can be counterrotating, even with negative energy of the flui.
How much do you tell?: information disclosure behaviour indifferent types of online communities

Online communities of different types have become an important part of the internet life of many people within the last couple of years. Both research and business have shown interest in studying the possibilities and risks of these relatively new phenomena. Very controversial aspects of these communities are their implications and effects on privacy issues, as research has shown that users generally provide information rather freely on such communities. However, no systematic comparison of differences in information disclosure behavior considering different types of communities is available. Furthermore only few is known about the information disclosure behavior related to demographic variables, usage contexts and usage patterns. To better understand these aspects of online communities we conducted an online survey that questioned users of various popular online communities about their information disclosure behavior and usage patterns of these sites. More than 850 users responded to our questionnaire. In this paper we present the main results of the analysis and provide linear regression models that allow understanding the involved factors in detail.
A Combination of the evolutionary tree miner and simulated annealing

In recent years, process mining is important to discover process model from event logs; however the existing methods have not achieved good in overall fitness. In this context, this paper proposes a combination of the Evolutionary Tree Miner (ETM) and Simulated Annealing (SA). The ETM aims to reduce randomness of population so that it can improved the quality of individuals. SA aims to increase overall fitness in the population. The results of the proposed method which was compared to other approaches show that the proposes method had better in overall fitness and better quality of individuals.
IgE Influences the Number and Function of Mature Mast Cells, but Not Progenitor Recruitment in Allergic Pulmonary Inflammation1

Studies performed using cultured cells indicate that IgE functions not only to trigger degranulation of mast cells following allergen exposure, but also to enhance their survival. Such an influence of IgE on mast cell homeostasis during allergic responses in vivo has not been established. In this study, we show that inhalation of Aspergillus fumigatus extract in mice induced a dramatic rise in IgE accompanied by an increase in airway mast cells. These had an activated phenotype with high levels of FcεRI. Plasma mast cell protease-1 was also increased, indicating an elevated systemic mast cell load. In addition, enhanced levels of IL-5 and eosinophils were observed in the airway. Both mast cell expansion and activation were markedly attenuated in IgE−/− animals that are incapable of producing IgE in response to A. fumigatus. The recruitment of eosinophils to the airways was also reduced in IgE−/− mice. Analyses of potential cellular targets of IgE revealed that IgE Abs are not required for the induction of mast cell progenitors in response to allergen, but rather act by sustaining the survival of mature mast cells. Our results identify an important role for IgE Abs in promoting mast cell expansion during allergic responses in vivo.
A Deterministic Polynomial Space Construction for eps-nets under any Norm

We give a deterministic polynomial space construction for nearly optimal eps-nets with respect to any input n-dimensional convex body K and norm |. |. More precisely, our algorithm can build and iterate over an eps-net of K with respect to |. | in time 2^O(n) x (size of the optimal net) using only poly(n)-space. This improves on previous constructions of Alon et al [STOC 2013] which achieve either a 2^O(n) approximation or an n^O(n) approximation of the optimal net size using 2^n space and poly(n)-space respectively. As in their work, our algorithm relies on the mathematically classical approach of building thin lattice coverings of space, which reduces the task of constructing eps-nets to the problem of enumerating lattice points. Our main technical contribution is a deterministic 2^O(n)-time and poly(n)-space construction of thin lattice coverings of space with respect to any convex body, where enumeration in these lattices can be efficiently performed using poly(n)-space. This also yields the first existential construction of poly(n)-space enumerable thin covering lattices for general convex bodies, which we believe is of independent interest. Our construction combines the use of the M-ellipsoid from convex geometry with lattice sparsification and densification techniques. As an application, we give a 2^O(n)(1+1/eps)^n time and poly(n)-space deterministic algorithm for computing a (1+eps)^n approximation to the volume of a general convex body, which nearly matches the lower bounds for volume estimation in the oracle model (the dependence on eps is larger by a factor 2 in the exponent). This improves on the previous results of Dadush and Vempala [PNAS 2013], which gave the above result only for symmetric bodies and achieved a dependence on eps of (1+log^{5/2}(1/eps)/eps^2)^n.
Effect of porosity reduction by compaction on compressive strength and microstructure of calcium phosphate cement.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are attractive materials for orthopedic applications because they can be molded into shape during implantation. However their low strength and brittle nature limits their potential applications to principally non-load-bearing applications. Little if any use has been made of the HA cement systems as manufacturing routes for preset HA bone grafts, which although not moldable pastes, are resorbable, unlike HA sintered ceramic. It is known that the strength of cements can be increased beyond that attainable from slurry systems by compaction, and this study investigates whether compaction significantly alters the specific surface area and pore-size distribution of CPC prepared according to the method of Brown and Chow. Compaction pressures of between 18 and 106 MPa were used to decrease the porosity from 50 to 31%, which resulted in an increase in the wet compressive strength from 4 to 37 MPa. The Weibull modulus was found to increase as porosity decreased; in addition the amount of porosity larger than the reactant particle size increased as porosity decreased. It is proposed that this was caused by a combination of voids created by the aqueous solvent used in fabrication and shrinkage that occurs on reaction. The specific surface area was unchanged by compaction.
Cardiovascular Effects of Systemic Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition With Asymmetrical Dimethylarginine in Humans

Background—Increased blood concentrations of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) have been linked to excess cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and to progression of renal disease. We evaluated systemic cardiovascular effects of ADMA infusion in healthy subjects using invasive techniques, ie, right heart catheter and inulin/para-aminohippurate clearance. Methods and Results—Plasma ADMA concentrations encountered in patients with cardiovascular diseases, ie, between 2 and 10 &mgr;mol/L, caused a significant (P <0.05) decrease in concentrations of plasma cGMP, the main second messenger of NO. In addition, cardiac output was significantly lower (5.3±0.4 versus 5.8±0.6 L/min; P <0.05 versus baseline), and systemic vascular resistance was significantly higher (1403±123 versus 1221±100 dyn · s · cm−5; P <0.05 versus baseline). The infusion of 0.25 mg ADMA · kg−1 · min−1 or 3 &mgr;g NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester · kg−1 · min−1, a potent synthetic NOS inhibitor with long action, resulted in a comparable decrease in effective renal plasma flow (from 670±40 to 596±29 mL · min−1; P <0.05) and an increase in renovascular resistance (from 79±5 to 90±7 mm Hg · mL−1 · min−1; P <0.05). Moreover, administration of ADMA caused significant sodium retention and blood pressure increase (both P <0.05). The observed effects of ADMA in the systemic circulation were sustained corresponding to a mean plasma half-life of 23.5±6.8 minutes, calculated from plasma ADMA decay curves in healthy subjects. Conclusions—Systemic ADMA infusion is responsible for a short-term, modest decrease in cardiac output with comparable decrease in effective renal plasma flow while increasing systemic vascular resistance and blood pressure in a dose-related manner.
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Consensus of Fractional-Order Multiagent Systems via Sampled-Data Control

In this paper, the consensus of fractional-order multiagent systems (FOMASs) is considered via sampled-data control over directed communication topology with the order ${0<\alpha <1}$ . Two cases are considered. One is FOMASs without leader, and the other is FOMASs with a leader. For each case, by applying matrix theory and algebraic graph theory, some algebraic-type necessary and sufficient conditions based on the sampling period, the fractional-order, the coupling gain, and the structure of the network are established for achieving consensus of the system. Moreover, for the network with a dynamic leader, the sampling period, the coupling gain, and the spectrum of the Laplacian matrix are carefully devised, respectively. Finally, several simulation examples are employed to validate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Enriching the crosslingual link structure of Wikipedia - A classification-based approach

The crosslingual link structure of Wikipedia represents a valuable resource which can be exploited for crosslingual natural language processing applications. However, this requires that it has a reasonable coverage and is furthermore accurate. For the specific language pair German/English that we consider in our experiments, we show that roughly 50% of the articles are linked from German to English and only 14% from English to German. These figures clearly corroborate the need for an approach to automatically induce new cross-language links, especially in the light of such a dynamically growing resource such as Wikipedia. In this paper we present a classification-based approach with the goal of inferring new cross-language links. Our experiments show that this approach has a recall of 70% with a precision of 94% for the task of learning cross-language links on a test dataset.