Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
La dislexia evolutiva. Estudio comparado de modelos de diagnóstico

Dyslexia is one of the most common learning difficulties among students and, around it's diagnosis and psychopedagogical intervention there are multiple and divergent proposals, models, and methods. In this paper we hope to offer a selection and a comparative analysis of those diagnostic methods which are most relevant and effective for its application in cases of dyslexia by professionals. In particular, we will concentrate on analyzing those methods which focus on the written language dimension, as they are related to the field in which the etiological explanations of dyslexia that currently demonstrate more validity and scientific recognition are situated. With these aims, we present an analysis that starts with the conceptual delimitation of dyslexia, to bring us closer to its etiology, genesis, and evolution. This will permit us to proceed to, through a bibliographic revision, the selection of diagnostic models relevant in the current psychopedagogical outlook. Thus, we will be able to develop a comparative study of diagnostic tests in cases of dyslexia, focusing specifically on written language.
Differential Expression of Hormonal and Growth Factor Receptors in Salivary Duct Carcinomas: Biologic Significance and Potential Role in Therapeutic Stratification of Patients

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), a rare malignancy, manifests remarkable morphologic and biologic resemblance to high-grade mammary ductal carcinoma. We contend that, similar to mammary ductal carcinoma, hormones and growth factors may play a role in SDCs. Our aim was to determine the incidence and clinical significance of the expression of several hormone and growth factor receptors and evaluate their potential in therapeutic stratification of SDC patients in the largest cohort studied to date. Eighty-four archived tumor tissue blocks were analyzed immunohistochemically for expression of estrogen receptor-β (ERβ), androgen receptor (AR), and proline, glutamic acid, and leucine-rich protein-1 and growth factor receptors HER-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor. The results were correlated with available pathologic, demographic, and clinical data from 59 of 84 cases. Proline, glutamic acid, and leucine-rich protein-1, ERβ, and AR were expressed individually in 94% (71/76), 73% (57/80), and 67% (56/84) of SDCs, respectively, and coexpressed in 45% (34/75). AR was expressed significantly more often in SDCs of men than in SDCs of women [79% (35/57) vs. 33% (9/27), P<0.001]. Epidermal growth factor receptor and HER-2 were overexpressed individually in 48% (40/83) and 25% (21/84), respectively, and co-overexpressed in 12% (10/83). Survival decreased significantly in patients with lymph node metastasis (P=0.002) and positive surgical margins (P=0.006). Lack of ERβ expression correlated with increased local and regional recurrence (P=0.05 and P=0.002, respectively). Together, these results indicate that (a) ERβ down-regulation is associated with adverse clinical features, (b) lymph node and surgical margin status are significant survival factors, and (c) the differential expression of these hormones and growth factor receptors may assist in triaging patients with SDC for novel therapies.
Developing Writing Skills: A Practical Remedy of Common Writing Problems among Students of Writing Skills Courses at Preparatory Year, Najran University KSA

Teaching and/or developing writing skills has always been a pain for both teachers and learners in an EFL classroom situation. In this project an in-depth effort will be made to investigate the challenges (faced by the teachers as well as learners) in teaching and developing writing skills based on live classroom teaching experience. An analysis and review of sample writing attempts of the students will also be done to examine and offer the remedies and suggestions in order to minimize the problems of conventions, punctuation, capitalization, spelling, and some of the basics of language use (grammar).
Multiple maternal origins and weak phylogeographic structure in domestic goats

Domestic animals have played a key role in human history. Despite their importance, however, the origins of most domestic species remain poorly understood. We assessed the phylogenetic history and population structure of domestic goats by sequencing a hypervariable segment (481 bp) of the mtDNA control region from 406 goats representing 88 breeds distributed across the Old World. Phylogeographic analysis revealed three highly divergent goat lineages (estimated divergence >200,000 years ago), with one lineage occurring only in eastern and southern Asia. A remarkably similar pattern exists in cattle, sheep, and pigs. These results, combined with recent archaeological findings, suggest that goats and other farm animals have multiple maternal origins with a possible center of origin in Asia, as well as in the Fertile Crescent. The pattern of goat mtDNA diversity suggests that all three lineages have undergone population expansions, but that the expansion was relatively recent for two of the lineages (including the Asian lineage). Goat populations are surprisingly less genetically structured than cattle populations. In goats only ≈10% of the mtDNA variation is partitioned among continents. In cattle the amount is ≥50%. This weak structuring suggests extensive intercontinental transportation of goats and has intriguing implications about the importance of goats in historical human migrations and commerce.
Origin and quantification of circulating DNA in mice with human colorectal cancer xenografts

Although circulating DNA (ctDNA) could be an attractive tool for early cancer detection, diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring or prediction of response to therapies, knowledge on its origin, form and rate of release is poor and often contradictory. Here, we describe an experimental system to systematically examine these aspects. Nude mice were xenografted with human HT29 or SW620 colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells and ctDNA was analyzed by Q–PCR with highly specific and sensitive primer sets at different times post-graft. We could discriminate ctDNA from normal (murine) cells and from mutated and non-mutated tumor (human) cells by using species-specific KRAS or PSAT1 primers and by assessing the presence of the BRAF V600E mutation. The concentration of human (mutated and non-mutated) ctDNA increased significantly with tumor growth. Conversely, and differently from previous studies, low, constant level of mouse ctDNA was observed, thus facilitating the study of mutated and non-mutated tumor derived ctDNA. Finally, analysis of ctDNA fragmentation confirmed the predominance of low-size fragments among tumor ctDNA from mice with bigger tumors. Higher ctDNA fragmentation was also observed in plasma samples from three metastatic CRC patients in comparison to healthy individuals. Our data confirm the predominance of mononucleosome-derived fragments in plasma from xenografted animals and, as a consequence, of apoptosis as a source of ctDNA, in particular for tumor-derived ctDNA. Altogether, our results suggest that ctDNA features vary during CRC tumor development and our experimental system might be a useful tool to follow such variations.
Creating opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration and patient-centred care: how nurses, doctors, pharmacists and patients use communication strategies when managing medications in an acute hospital setting.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This paper examines the communication strategies that nurses, doctors, pharmacists and patients use when managing medications. BACKGROUND Patient-centred medication management is best accomplished through interdisciplinary practice. Effective communication about managing medications between clinicians and patients has a direct influence on patient outcomes. There is a lack of research that adopts a multidisciplinary approach and involves critical in-depth analysis of medication interactions among nurses, doctors, pharmacists and patients. DESIGN A critical ethnographic approach with video reflexivity was adopted to capture communication strategies during medication activities in two general medical wards of an acute care hospital in Melbourne, Australia. METHODS A mixed ethnographic approach combining participant observations, field interviews, video recordings and video reflexive focus groups and interviews was employed. Seventy-six nurses, 31 doctors, 1 pharmacist and 27 patients gave written consent to participate in the study. Data analysis was informed by Fairclough's critical discourse analytic framework. FINDINGS Clinicians' use of communication strategies was demonstrated in their interpersonal, authoritative and instructive talk with patients. Doctors adopted the language discourse of normalisation to standardise patients' illness experiences. Nurses and pharmacists employed the language discourses of preparedness and scrutiny to ensure that patient safety was maintained. Patients took up the discourse of politeness to raise medication concerns and question treatment decisions made by doctors, in their attempts to challenge decision-making about their health care treatment. In addition, the video method revealed clinicians' extensive use of body language in communication processes for medication management. CONCLUSIONS The use of communication strategies by nurses, doctors, pharmacists and patients created opportunities for improved interdisciplinary collaboration and patient-centred medication management in an acute hospital setting. Language discourses shaped and were shaped by complex power relations between patients and clinicians and among clinicians themselves. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Clinicians need to be encouraged to have regular conversations to talk about and challenge each other's practices. More emphasis should be placed on ensuring that patients are given opportunities to voice their concerns about how their medications are managed.
When the Private Sector Competes

Apparatus and method for changing and setting a peeled, warm or hot hard-boiled egg into a desired shape, for example a cubic shape. This apparatus comprises a tubular chamber having a required inner cross sectional shape and having a threaded neck portion, a bottom plate for closing one end of the chamber, a pressing member for progressively pressing the boiled egg contained in the chamber, and a threaded cap for progressively threadably pressing the pressing member. By putting an unshelled hot egg soon after being boiled, then inserting the pressing member through an open inlet of the neck of the chamber and progressively pressing this egg thereby, and keeping this pressed state of the egg for some time while leaving it to be cooled, it is possible to obtain a boiled egg which has been changed into a shape defined by the chamber and the pressing member. Also, by the use of a bottom plate having indentation formed on its egg-contacting surface, and after the processed egg is taken out, by cutting away those portions of the egg which have filled in the indentation when the egg was pressed, the surface of the boiled egg is imparted with the pattern of the indentation.
Localised technological change: towards the economics of complexity

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Medical assessment by a Delphi group opinion technic.

Abstract The Delphi technic is a method for obtaining answers to questions that are issues of uncertainty even to experts. Its use for finding a group consensus is illustrated here by its application to a problem of predicting human mortality from an experiment in which trauma to the liver was produced in animals by a riotcontrol device. Expert surgeons were asked to fill in a questionnaire in which they estimated human mortality as a function of the severity of the injury. These initial estimates were then modified by application of a second round of the Delphi technic. Although inherent uncertainties remained, there was a marked increase in the consistency of the answers from the first to the second round. Evidence suggests an increase in reliability as well. (N Engl J Med 288:1272–1275, 1973)
[Fibronectin, interstitial collagens and type IV collagen in dermatitis herpetiformis].

BACKGROUND In the pathogenesis of dermatitis herpetiformis the participation of some proteins of the extracellular matrix has not been elucidated so far. They are found more amply in the papillary derma where they are manifested most markedly as the mentioned type of dermatosis. The objective of the present work was to assess the participation of components of the extracellular matrix in the pathogenesis of diseases and the possibility of their detection to make a more accurate diagnosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In a group of 11 patients (mean age 39 +/- 17 years) with dermatitis herpetiformis the diagnosis was established on the basis of the clinical and histological finding. Fibronectin and collagens type I, III, IV, V were assessed in the skin using rabbit antisera (INPHARM Co. Moscow). An elevated level of collagen type III and V was found in the affected papillae and on the floor of the blisters in the papillary derma, collagen type IV on the vault of the blister and fibronectin deposits in the affected papillae which had a netlike structure. CONCLUSIONS Based on the above findings assessment of fibronectin, collagens type III, IV and V in the affected skin can be considered an important supplementary examination in the histological diagnosis of dermatitis herpetiformis.
Documentation quality and time costs: A randomized controlled trial of structured entry versus dictation

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) performs over 800,000 disability exams and distributes over &dollor;37 billion in disability benefits per year. VA developed and deployed a computer-based disability exam documentation system in order to improve exam report quality and timeliness. We conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing joint disability examinations supported by computerized templates to the examinations documented via dictation, to determine if the system met the intended goals or had unintended consequences. Consenting veterans were randomized to undergo exams documented using computerized templates or via dictation. We compared exam report quality, documentation time costs, encounter length, total time to fulfill an exam request with a finalized exam report, and veteran satisfaction. Computer-based templates resulted in disability exam reports that had higher quality scores (p. 0.042) and were returned to the requesting office faster than exam reports created via dictation (p. 0.02). Documentation time and veteran satisfaction were similar for both the documentation techniques. Encounter length was significantly longer for the template group. Computer-based templates impacted the VA disability evaluation system by improving report quality scores and production time and lengthening encounter times. Oversight bodies have called for mandated use of computer-based templates nationwide. We believe mandates regarding use of health information technology should be guided by data regarding its positive and negative impacts.
Smart cymbal transducers with Nitinol end-caps for power ultrasonics applications

A Class V cymbal flextensional transducer is composed of a piezoceramic disc or ring sandwiched between two cymbal-shaped shell end-caps, and has primarily been used in sensing and actuation. It has only very recently been studied for high amplitude and high power applications, and consequently implementation in this application space remains undeveloped. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a unique class of metals that have been adopted in a wide range of applications as a result of exhibiting two interesting properties. The first is the superelastic effect, which occurs isothermally when the material is stressed at a temperature above its austenitic transformation temperature. The material undergoes a change in which the austenitic microstructure is reoriented to martensite. The second is the shape memory effect (SME), where the material is able to recover to a set configuration under the influence of a phase transformation induced by heating. One type of SMA which has received much attention in recent years is Nitinol, and has been particularly popular due to its excellent strain recovery, durability, corrosion resistance and fatigue strength. However, research aiming to exploit the properties of SMAs in high power ultrasonic applications is limited. The results in this paper demonstrate that the superelastic effect is exhibited as a nonlinearity in the response of the transducer at raised voltage levels, resulting from the local emergence of martensite phase behaviour of the material. It is also shown that the resonance frequency of a Nitinol cymbal transducer can be tuned by utilising the phase transformation of Nitinol.
The Compilers and MPI Library for SX-9

The SX-9 provides FORTRAN90/SX and C++/SX, respectively, a Fortran compiler and a C/C++ compiler; both of which feature excellent optimization, vectorization and parallelization functions. HPF/SX V2, (a compiler for HPF (High Performance Fortran), which is the de facto standard language for distributed parallel processing), and MPI/SX and MPI2/SX, (fully compliant with the distributed parallel processing interfaces MPI-1.3 and MPI-2.1 specifications) are also provided. This paper is intended to introduce the functions and features of the speed-up technology adopted in these programming interfaces for the SX-9.
Alterations with Age in the Viscoelastic Properties of Human Arterial Walls

The circumferential incremental Young's modulus was measured in 59 major arteries of both “young” (less than 35 years of age) and “old” (greater than 35 years of age) subjects. Dynamic measurements of wall elasticity and viscosity were made which indicated a high viscosity in the femoral arteries. This was attributed to their high content of muscle. Although the “young” group showed, at any given pressure, an increasing wall stiffness towards the periphery, in “old” arteries, an opposite trend was found. When dimensional changes (radius and wall thickness) in the “old” group were considered it was apparent that at all sites the arterial wall tissue became weaker with age. Nevertheless, as a consequence of these dimensional changes the impedance characteristics of the old arterial tree still retained the nonuniformity (an increase towards the periphery) of the “young” which has considerable haemodynamic advantage.
Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo: Un estudio de prevalencia Eating disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder: A prevalence study

Resumen Antecedentes: Existe considerable evidencia sobre la comorbilidad entre trastornos de laconducta alimentaria y trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo. Objetivo: Comparar la presencia detrastorno obsesivo-compulsivo y sus prevalencia, en mujeres con y sin patologias alimentarias.Sujetos y Metodos: Se administro una entrevista clinica estructurada, el Test de ActitudesAlimentarias (EAT-40), el Inventario de Desordenes Alimentarios (EDI), la Escala deObsesividad-Compulsividad de Yale-Brown (Y-BOCS) a 54 pacientes que satisficieron loscriterios diagnosticos segun el DSM-IV para trastornos de la conducta alimentaria y a 54estudiantes sin problemas alimentarios. Resultados: Los puntajes de todos los indicadores,incluidas las escalas de comorbilidad, fueron mas altos en las pacientes (p < 0,001). Laprevalencia sintomas obsesivo-compulsivos de grado moderado y/o superior fue signifi-cativamente mayor en las pacientes alimentarias (26% versus 1, 9%) (p < 0,001), particu-larmente en las pacientes anorecticas (33,3%) (p = 0,009). La escala Y-BOCS y la subescalaY-BCS emergen como los mejores indicadores para discriminar patologias alimentarias y secorrelacionaron significativamente con los items motivacion por la delgadez, conscienciainteroceptiva, bulimia, insatisfaccion corporal y sentimientos de ineficacia personal (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: Se confirma la presencia y la prevalencia de trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo enlos desordenes alimentarios segun la evidencia, principalmente en las pacientes portadoras deanorexia nerviosa que obtuvieron puntajes mas altos en los niveles moderado y severo.Palabras clave: trastornos alimentarios, comorbilidad, prevalencia, trastorno obsesivo com-pulsivo.
Prognostically significant fusion oncogenes in Pakistani patients with adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia and their association with disease biology and outcome.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chromosomal abnormalities play an important role in genesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and have prognostic implications. Five major risk stratifying fusion genes in ALL are BCR-ABL, MLL-AF4, ETV6-RUNX11, E2A-PBX1 and SIL-TAL1. This work aimed to detect common chromosomal translocations and associated fusion oncogenes in adult ALL patients and study their relationship with clinical features and treatment outcome. METHODS We studied fusion oncogenes in 104 adult ALL patients using RT-PCR and interphase-FISH at diagnosis and their association with clinical characteristics and treatment outcome. RESULTS Five most common fusion genes i.e. BCR-ABL (t 9; 22), TCF3-PBX1 (t 1; 19), ETV6-RUNX1 (t 12; 21), MLL-AF4 (t 4; 11) and SIL-TAL1 (Del 1p32) were found in 82/104 (79%) patients. TCF3-PBX1 fusion gene was associated with lymphadenopathy, SIL-TAL positive patients had frequent organomegaly and usually presented with a platelets count of less than 50 x10(9)/l. Survival of patients with fusion gene ETV6-RUNX1 was better when compared to patients harboring other genes. MLL-AF4 and BCR-ABL positivity characterized a subset of adult ALL patients with aggressive clinical behaviour and a poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study from Pakistan which investigated the frequency of 5 fusion oncogenes in adult ALL patients, and their association with clinical features, treatment response and outcome. Frequencies of some of the oncogenes were different from those reported elsewhere and they appear to be associated with distinct clinical characteristics and treatment outcome. This information will help in the prognostic stratification and risk adapted management of adult ALL patients.
Quantitative evaluation of dependability critical systems based on guarded Statechart models

Introduces a method to model embedded dependability-critical systems as an AND-composition of guarded Statecharts, which are special UML Statecharts. With guarded Statecharts, we can model the reactive behaviour of embedded systems so that their quantitative analysis can be performed. First, we present our motivation for using guarded Statecharts to express the interaction between the hardware and software components of embedded systems and to model faults and errors as state perturbations. Then we discuss how these models are transformed into stochastic reward nets that are amenable to a quantitative dependability analysis. Finally, our approach is illustrated by an example.