Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Correlation of fasting serum cholesterol level with severity of chronic liver disease.

Objective: To evaluate correlation of fasting serum cholesterol level with severity of chronic liver disease (CLD). Study Design: Cross-sectional Survey. Setting: North Medical Ward, Mayo Hospital Lahore. Period: June 2020 to December 2020. Material & Methods: Patients having chronic liver disease with age 25-85 years and of either gender, were included. After 12 hours of fasting, 5ml of blood was drawn from patients under all aseptic precautions into sterile disposable syringes and blood samples were sent to laboratory for measurement of total cholesterol. Total cholesterol (TC) in mg/dl was noted from their reports. CLD severity patients was defined by using Modified Child Pugh classifications. Data was entered in SPSS version 20 and analyzed by same software. Results: Total 100 cases diagnosed with chronic liver disease (CLD) were studied, with an average age of 53.8±10.76 years. The majority of participants, constituting 72%, were male. Overall average TC was 119.85±31.51mg/dl. Out of all 27% patients belonged to CPT class A, 28% had CPT class B and 45% had CPT class C. Spearman correlation between Child Pugh score and total cholesterol level was calculated. A negative spearman correlation was found as r= -. 672. It was significant at the level of 0.01. Conclusion: As per the study conclusion, total serum cholesterol level was observed to be the significantly corelated with degree of liver damage. The significance of this correlation highlights the potential clinical utility of serum total cholesterol as a prognostic tool for evaluating the degree of liver damage.
Acquisition and processing of seismic reflection, refraction and magnetotelluric data, northern Eyre Peninsula, Gawler Craton

Summary In 2008 Geoscience Australia acquired regional seismic reflection, wide-angle refraction/reflection, gravity, and magnetotelluric (MT) data along a 253km east-west transect across northern Eyre Peninsula, Gawler Craton in South Australia as part of the Australian Government’s Onshore Energy Security Program (OESP). These datasets provide complementary information on the crustal architecture and evolution of this part of the Gawler Craton. Twenty three Earth Data recorders were deployed along the reflection transect as a fixed, wide-angle recording array, with 5 and 10 km interval spacing, using threecomponent seismometers. The high quality data of up to 60-70 km offsets were collected using vibroseis sources. MT data were acquired at 40 broadband and 12 long period sites along the reflection transect. This paper presents acquisition parameters and processing steps for these datasets, to highlight their advantages and limitations, and improve the quality of the geological interpretation over the Gawler Craton.
Thermostable Lactonases Inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm: Effect In Vitro and in Drosophila melanogaster Model of Chronic Infection

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the six antimicrobial-resistant pathogens known as “ESKAPE” that represent a global threat to human health and are considered priority targets for the development of novel antimicrobials and alternative therapeutics. The virulence of P. aeruginosa is regulated by a four-chemicals communication system termed quorum sensing (QS), and one main class of QS signals is termed acylhomoserine lactones (acyl-HSLs), which includes 3-Oxo-dodecanoil homoserine lactone (3-Oxo-C12-HSL), which regulates the expression of genes implicated in virulence and biofilm formation. Lactonases, like Paraoxonase 2 (PON2) from humans and the phosphotriesterase-like lactonases (PLLs) from thermostable microorganisms, are able to hydrolyze acyl-HSLs. In this work, we explored in vitro and in an animal model the effect of some lactonases on the production of Pseudomonas virulence factors. This study presents a model of chronic infection in which bacteria were administered by feeding, and Drosophila adults were treated with enzymes and the antibiotic tobramycin, alone or in combination. In vitro, we observed significant effects of lactonases on biofilm formation as well as effects on bacterial motility and the expression of virulence factors. The treatment in vivo by feeding with the lactonase SacPox allowed us to significantly increase the biocidal effect of tobramycin in chronic infection.
Pricing European Options under a Fuzzy Mixed Weighted Fractional Brownian Motion Model with Jumps

This study investigates the pricing formula for European options when the underlying asset follows a fuzzy mixed weighted fractional Brownian motion within a jump environment. We construct a pricing model for European options driven by fuzzy mixed weighted fractional Brownian motion with jumps. By converting the partial differential equation (PDE) into a Cauchy problem, we derive explicit solutions for both European call options and European put options. The figures and tables demonstrating the effectiveness of the results highlight the suitability of the fuzzy mixed weighted fractional Brownian motion with jump model for option pricing.
Reliability of Time-Temperature Indicator From Corn and Red Palm Oil Blending For Monitoring Microbial Growth of Pasteurized Milk

Time-Temperature Indicator made from corn oil and red palm oil had potential to be used in food cold chain. However, the evaluation of its reliability was required. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the indicator to monitor the changes of pasteurized milk quality based on microbial growth at several storage temperatures. This study was conducted in three stages. Stage 1 was making corn oil and red palm oil blending with 70:30 (%v/v) ratio. Stage 2 was measurement of diffusion length, coefficient, kinetics and activation energy at five storage temperatures (4, 29, 37, 44, and 51 ºC). Stage 3 was counting the total microbes at three different storage temperatures (8, 29, and 40 ºC). The result showed that the activation energy of corn oil and red palm oil Time-Temperature indicator was 36.796 kJ/mol. Meanwhile, the activation energy of pasteurized milk microbial growth kinetics was 44.021 kJ/mol. The reliability of the indicator was good, because the activation energy difference value between microbial growth and the indicator was lower than 25 kJ/mol.
Combining adhesive and nonadhesive injectable hydrogels for intervertebral disc repair in an ovine discectomy model

Intervertebral disc (IVD) disorders (e.g., herniation) directly contribute to back pain, which is a leading cause of global disability. Next‐generation treatments for IVD herniation need advanced preclinical testing to evaluate their ability to repair large defects, prevent reherniation, and limit progressive degeneration. This study tested whether experimental, injectable, and nonbioactive biomaterials could slow IVD degeneration in an ovine discectomy model.
Atherogenic indices and risk of chronic kidney disease in metabolic derangements: Gangnam Severance Medical Cohort.

Background The effects of atherogenic indices on kidney function remain unclear. This study evaluated the association between atherogenic indices and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults with metabolic derangements. Methods A total of 4,176 participants from the Gangnam Severance Medical Cohort (2006-2021), which consisted of participants who had at least one disease related to metabolic derangements including diabetes mellitus, fatty liver, and hypertension were enrolled and atherogenic indices (lipid ratios including atherogenic index of plasma [AIP]) were assessed. The study endpoint was a composite kidney outcome (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 in at least two measurements in participants with baseline eGFR of ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2; ≥30% decrease in eGFR from baseline in participants with baseline eGFR of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2; or the initiation of dialysis or kidney transplantation). Results During a median follow-up of 6.0 years (interquartile range, 2.5-11.0 years), 1,266 composite kidney outcomes (30.3%) occurred. The highest quartile of AIP showed a higher risk of composite kidney outcome than the lowest quartile (hazard ratio [HR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.54). This association was consistent when the AIP was treated as a continuous variable (HR per 1.0 increase, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.21-1.88). However, other atherogenic indices did not show significant associations with composite kidney outcome. Adding AIP to the traditional risk model to predict composite kidney outcomes significantly improved the C-index, net reclassification index, and integrated discrimination improvement. The association between high AIP and an increased risk of composite kidney outcome was consistent regardless of subgroup. Conclusion High AIP was associated with an increased risk of CKD in adults with metabolic derangements.
Meso-Py: Dual Brain Cortical Calcium Imaging in Mice during Head-Fixed Social Stimulus Presentation

Abstract We present a cost-effective, compact foot-print, and open-source Raspberry Pi-based widefield imaging system. The compact nature allows the system to be used for close-proximity dual-brain cortical mesoscale functional-imaging to simultaneously observe activity in two head-fixed animals in a staged social touch-like interaction. We provide all schematics, code, and protocols for a rail system where head-fixed mice are brought together to a distance where the macrovibrissae of each mouse make contact. Cortical neuronal functional signals (GCaMP6s; genetically encoded Ca2+ sensor) were recorded from both mice simultaneously before, during, and after the social contact period. When the mice were together, we observed bouts of mutual whisking and cross-mouse correlated cortical activity across the cortex. Correlations were not observed in trial-shuffled mouse pairs, suggesting that correlated activity was specific to individual interactions. Whisking-related cortical signals were observed during the period where mice were together (closest contact). The effects of social stimulus presentation extend outside of regions associated with mutual touch and have global synchronizing effects on cortical activity.
Subseasonal variations of Indian summer monsoon with special emphasis on drought and excess rainfall years

Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) experiences quasi‐periodic drought and excess rainfall. In this study we examined the contribution of individual month's (June–September) rainfall in the seasonal excess (deficit). Analysis of 110 years (1901–2010) of observed precipitation and 20th century reanalysis data highlights the importance of subseasonal variations of rainfall in modulating Indian summer monsoon. A month which contributes to seasonal excess (deficit) is primarily controlled by large‐scale La Niña (El Niño) forcing but with favourable local conditions from the tropical Indian Ocean. On the other hand excess (deficit) rainfall of an individual month which is not contributing to seasonal excess (deficit) is controlled mainly by the local forcing. Such local forcing however is short lived and does not persist more than a month. Our analysis reveals that June is not contributing considerably to the seasonal excess rainfall in the recent years. On the other hand contribution of September rainfall to the seasonal extremes is more frequent in the recent years. During September enhanced El Niño (La Niña) conditions and the local forcing contribute to the seasonal ISMR deficit (excess). It is important to note that none of the above 110 years experienced excess (deficit) rainfall during all the four monsoon months except 1972. This study advocates the need of subseasonal (or monthly) rainfall prediction for better socio‐economic benefits.
Plasmon-mediated dehydrogenation of the aromatic methyl group and benzyl radical formation

Plasmonic molecular junctions can harvest visible light and effectively catalyze chemical reactions. The strong light field concentrated in the plasmonic junction also enables the application of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to probe the catalyzed chemical reactions in situ and in real time down to single-molecule resolution. The benzyl radical produced from the aromatic methyl group through the dehydrogenation reaction is an important precursor for a large variety of reactions. Here, we used time-resolved SERS to conduct a mechanistic study of the plasmon-driven dehydrogenation reaction of the aromatic methyl group under ambient conditions under the illumination of red light on the apex of a gold nanoelectrode. Transient spectral changes with intensity bursts are frequently observed. Based on density functional theory and picocavity based local electric field enhancement calculations, they result from the plasmon mediated dehydrogenation reaction of aromatic methyl groups. The dehydrogenation reaction produces a benzyl radical, which is consequently converted to a benzyl anion. The benzyl anion is stabilized through strong interactions with gold, leading to the formation of dynamic gold adatoms and picocavities. In addition to the benzyl anion, we found spectral evidence that the benzyl radical generates dimers through a self-reaction. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the dehydrogenation reaction could be facially modulated by changing the electrode potential, which is attributed to the modulated inductive effect.
Body image disturbance, interoceptive sensibility and the body schema across female adulthood: a pre-registered study

Introduction Body image disturbance (BID) typically involves explicit negative attitudes toward one’s shape and weight and is associated with altered interoceptive sensibility (the subjective perception of internal bodily states). This association is a known risk factor for the development and maintenance of eating disorders. However, while research has centred on younger women with eating disorders, diverse facets of BID appear in women without eating disorders across adulthood. Research shows that in the general population, young women (ages 18–25) with high BID exhibit disturbances in the body schema: an implicit sensorimotor representation of the body in space which includes mental simulation of a movement such as motor imagery. Given that body image is subject to age-related influences, it is important to investigate how age-related variation in BID can influence the body schema beyond young adulthood alone. Here, we examine the relationship between BID, interoceptive sensibility and the body schema across female adulthood. Methods Cross-sectional data was collected online from 1,214 women across four age groups: Young adults (18–24), Adults (25–39), Middle-aged adults (40–59), and Older aged adults (60–75). BID was indexed by questionnaires measuring body objectification, state, and trait body dissatisfaction. Interoceptive sensibility (IS) was measured using the MAIA-2 questionnaire. The body schema was evaluated through the Own Body Transformation task: a mental rotation task which assesses the capacity to make an embodied mental transformation. Results Analyses revealed that while body objectification and trait body dissatisfaction decreased from young to older adulthood, state body dissatisfaction showed a marked increase. A negative relationship between IS and BID across all age groups was also evidenced. Finally, age, BID and orientation of the presented body were significant predictors of the time taken to make an embodied transformation. Discussion These findings highlight the consistent relationship of BID and IS across age groups beyond young adulthood and demonstrate the varying importance of different aspects of BID as individuals age. We also evidence for the first time that disruptions in body image have the potential to impact implicit sensorimotor representations of the body even in women without eating disorders across female adulthood.
Not All Injuries Are the Same: Different Patterns in Sports Injuries and Their Psychosocial Correlates

Sports injuries are ubiquitous and can have far-reaching consequences for athletes (e.g., health, performance). Previous studies have examined various psychosocial influencing factors (e.g., stress), but have mostly focused on only one or two injury characteristics (e.g., frequency), neglecting the broader injury pattern. Thus, the present study aimed to obtain a more differentiated picture of potentially different injury patterns and related profiles of psychosocial factors. We investigated a sample of 213 athletes from a cross-sectional online study. Current injury status, frequency, severity, chronicity, medical treatment, and rehabilitation measures were subjected to cluster analysis indicating a 3-cluster solution with predominantly chronically injured athletes (n = 54), athletes not seeking treatment (n = 62), and athletes utilizing medical treatment and rehabilitation (n = 97). Building on the Model of Stress and Athletic Injury, we subsequently conducted three multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs) to examine whether the obtained clusters differed in terms of personality factors (e.g., athletic identity), history of stressors (e.g., life events), and coping resources (e.g., self-compassion). We observed significant differences in all three categories of psychosocial variables implying different intervention possibilities for different injury patterns in the future.
On the solvability of incompressible Stokes with viscoplastic rheologies in geodynamics

Plasticity/failure is an essential ingredient in geodynamics models as earth materials cannot sustain unbounded stresses. However, many questions remain as to appropriate models of plasticity as well as effective solvers for these strongly nonlinear systems. Here we present some simplified model problems designed to elucidate many of the issues involved for the description and solution of viscoplastic problems as currently used in geodynamic modeling. We consider compression and extension of a viscoplastic layer overlying an isoviscous layer and introduce a single plastic yield criterion which includes the most commonly used viscoplasticity models: von Mises, depth‐dependent von Mises, and Drucker‐Prager. We show that for all rheologies considered, successive substitution schemes (aka Picard iteration) often stall at large values of the nonlinear residual, producing spurious solutions. However, combined Picard‐Newton schemes can be effective for rheologies that are independent of the dynamic pressure. Difficulties arise when solving incompressible Stokes problems for rheologies that depend on the dynamic pressure such as Drucker‐Prager viscoplasticity. Analysis suggests that incompressible Stokes can become ill‐posed when the dependence of the deviatoric stress tensor on dynamic pressure (i.e., |∂τ/∂p′| ) becomes large. We demonstrate empirically that, in these cases, Newton solvers can fail by introducing spurious shear bands and discuss the consequence of interpreting the results of nonconverged computations. Even for problems where solvers converge, Drucker‐Prager viscoplasticity can produce dynamic pressures that deviate significantly from lithostatic and both the velocity and pressure fields should be evaluated to determine whether solutions are geologically reasonable.
Strategic Leadership Model in the Hospitality Industry: SWOT Analysis

This research aims to identify developments in business performance in the hotel industry in the area around the Borobudur Temple Area, identify strategic leadership policies led by women to enhance business performance in the hotel industry, and formulate a successful female leadership strategy model for improving hotel business performance. The research employs a case study approach using a Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis. The study was conducted within the hotel business sector in Magelang Regency. Data collection techniques were based on structured interviews. The research results, as depicted in the SWOT matrix diagram, reveal that the hospitality industry business in the Borobudur area falls within quadrant 1, indicating a highly profitable situation. The hospitality sector in the Borobudur area boasts both strengths and opportunities, allowing it to capitalize on these favorable conditions. The recommended strategy for this situation is the implementation of growth-oriented policies. Keywords: Business Performance, Strategic Leadership Model, Women’s Leadership, SWOT Analysis, Hospitality Industry ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perkembangan kinerja bisnis pada industri perhotelan di wilayah sekitar Kawasan Candi Borobudur, mengidentifikasi kebijakan kepemimpinan strategis perempuan untuk mendorong kinerja bisnis industri perhotelan, dan merumuskan model strategi kepemimpinan perempuan yang sukses untuk peningkatan kinerja bisnis perhotelan. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan studi kasus dengan basis Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bisnis perhotelan di Kabupaten Magelang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur. Hasil penelitian dalam diagram matrik SWOT menunjukan usaha industri hospitalitasdi Kawasan Borobudur berada pada kuadran 1 yaitu merupakan situasi yang sangat menguntungkan. Hospitalitas di Kawasan Borobudur tersebut memiliki peluang dan kekuatan sehingga dapat memanfaatkan peluang yang ada. Strategi yang harus diterapkan dalam kondisi ini adalah mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif. Kata kunci: Kinerja Bisnis, Model Kepemimpinan Strategik, Kepemimpinan Perempuan, SWOT Analysis, Industri Perhotelan
Machine Learning for the Identification and Classification of Technical Debt Types on StackOverflow Discussions

In today’s fast-paced software industry, understanding and managing Technical Debt (TD) is crucial for software development. TD can compromise the long-term quality of software systems. The occurrence of TD is commonly reported and discussed by practitioners on Question and Answers (Q&A) platforms, such as Stack Overflow (SO). Data from Q&A platforms has been leveraged by the TD research community, most prominently regarding knowledge extraction. However, manual analyses of such data not only require considerable effort but also suffer from biases. Hence, this paper aims to propose an automated approach for identifying and classifying types of TD in SO discussions using machine learning (ML) and natural language processing. We divided our methodology into four main steps: i) data preprocessing, ii) application of natural language processing, iii) application of ML algorithms, and iv) computing the evaluation metrics for the proposed models. Our results indicate that ML algorithms have the potential to be successfully applied to automatically identify and classify TD types on SO discussions.We achieved a recall of 85% for test debt and a precision of 78% for design debt. Furthermore, the results of automated TD identification on SO benefit the software development community by enhancing solution quality, raising awareness of best practices, and facilitating collaboration among developers. This leads to more efficient development and the promotion of consistent standards. We make our entire dataset and pre-trained models available to encourage future research directions.
Proyecciones climáticas sobre Sudamérica utilizando modelos climáticos globales. Análisis de incertidumbres

En esta tesis se analizan proyecciones climaticas sobre Sudamerica y sus incertidumbres asociadas utilizando modelos climaticos globales. Es ampliamente conocido que en los ultimos anos se ha producido un aumento en la temperatura del aire de superficie que no tiene registros historicos comparables y que ademas, se ha demostrado que [. ]