Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Video Analysis of the Circumstances of Falls in Long-term Care

Background: Falls are the number one cause of injuries in older adults, and are particularly common in long-term care (LTC). Lack of objective evidence on the mechanisms of falls in this setting is a major barrier to prevention. Video capture of reallife falls can help to address this barrier, if valid tools are available for data analysis. To address this need, we developed a 24-item fall video analysis questionnaire (FVAQ) to probe key biomechanical, behavioural, situational, and environmental aspects of the initiation, descent, and impact stages of falls. We then tested the reliability of this tool using video footage of falls collected in LTC. Methods: Over three years, we video-captured 221 falls experienced by 130 individuals in common areas (e.g., dining rooms, hallways, and lounges) of two LTC facilities. The FVAQ was developed through literature review and an iterative process to ensure our responses captured the most common behaviours observed in preliminary review of fall videos. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by comparing responses from two teams, each having three members, who reviewed 15 randomly-selected videos. Intra-rater reliability was measured by comparing responses from one team at baseline and 12 months later.
Gradient‐Domain Photon Density Estimation

The most common solutions to the light transport problem rely on either Monte Carlo (MC) integration or density estimation methods, such as uni‐ & bi‐directional path tracing or photon mapping. Recent gradient‐domain extensions of MC approaches show great promise; here, gradients of the final image are estimated numerically (instead of the image intensities themselves) with coherent paths generated from a deterministic shift mapping. We extend gradient‐domain approaches to light transport simulation based on density estimation. As with previous gradient‐domain methods, we detail important considerations that arise when moving from a primal‐ to gradient‐domain estimator. We provide an efficient and straightforward solution to these problems. Our solution supports stochastic progressive density estimation, so it is robust to complex transport effects. We show that gradient‐domain photon density estimation converges faster than its primal‐domain counterpart, as well as being generally more robust than gradient‐domain uni‐ & bi‐directional path tracing for scenes dominated by complex transport.
Integrin-Mediated Cell-Matrix Interaction in Physiological and Pathological Blood Vessel Formation

Physiological as well as pathological blood vessel formation are fundamentally dependent on cell-matrix interaction. Integrins, a family of major cell adhesion receptors, play a pivotal role in development, maintenance, and remodeling of the vasculature. Cell migration, invasion, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are integrin-regulated processes, and the expression of certain integrins also correlates with tumor progression. Recent advances in the understanding of how integrins are involved in the regulation of blood vessel formation and remodeling during tumor progression are highlighted. The increasing knowledge of integrin function at the molecular level, together with the growing repertoire of integrin inhibitors which allow their selective pharmacological manipulation, makes integrins suited as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Komplexe affektive Erkrankungen – eine klinische Herausforderung

Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Patienten mit komplexer, anhaltender affektiver Symptomatik einschließlich verschiedener Verlaufsformen chronischer Depressionen sind schwer zu behandeln und stellen eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Auch die Diagnosefindung ist aufgrund von Komorbiditäten und fehlender spezifischer Diagnosekriterien oft erschwert. Die vorliegende Fallvignette zeigt Herangehensweisen in der Behandlung dieser komplexen Störungsbilder auf. Methode: Eine 33-jährige Patientin wurde mit einem depressiv-suizidalen Syndrom vor dem Hintergrund traumatischer Kindheitserfahrungen auf die psychiatrische Akutstation aufgenommen. Nach prolongierter Behandlung und Diagnosefindung wurde die Patientin mit der Arbeitsdiagnose einer „chronischen Depression“ zur stationären Psychotherapie auf die Spezialstation für komplexe affektive Erkrankungen verlegt. Dort lag der Schwerpunkt auf der psychotherapeutischen Behandlung nach dem Konzept des Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP). Zusammenfassung: Mit diesem Fall beschreiben wir eine wirksame Therapiemethode für Patienten mit komplexen affektiven Erkrankungen. Auch für Patienten mit Komorbiditäten könnte das CBASP eine vielversprechende Behandlungsmethode sein.
Epigenetic modifications of the neuroproteome

In the central nervous system, epigenetic processes are involved in a multitude of brain functions ranging from the development and differentiation of the nervous system through to higher‐order cognitive processes such as learning and memory. This review summarises the current state of the art for the proteomic analysis of the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, in particular the PTM of histones, in the brain and cellular model systems. It describes the MS technologies that have helped the identification and analysis of histones, histone variants and PTMs in the brain. Strategies for the isolation of histones that allow the qualitative analysis of PTMs and their combinatorial patterns are introduced, methods for the relative and absolute quantification of histone PTMs are described, and future challenges are discussed.
Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation in the mycophenolate mofetil/tacrolimus era: evolution from induction therapy with bladder drainage to noninduction therapy with enteric drainage.

BACKGROUND In the past, enteric drainage or the omission of induction immunotherapy has been shown to be predictive of suboptimal outcomes of simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation. We have reassessed the need for bladder drainage and induction immunotherapy to optimize the outcome of SPK transplantation. METHODS One hundred consecutive recipients of SPK transplants who received mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus immunosuppression were studied. The first 50 recipients had bladder-drained pancreas allografts and received induction immunotherapy. The results were compared with the next 50 recipients who had enteric-drained pancreas allografts, which included a subgroup (n = 17 patients) who were randomized to receive no induction immunotherapy. RESULTS The 1-year actuarial patient, kidney, and pancreas survival rates in the bladder-drainage group were 98.0%, 94.0%, and 94.0%, respectively. The 1-year actuarial patient, kidney, and pancreas survival rates in the enteric-drainage group were 96.8%, 96.8%, and 89.4%, respectively. In the enteric-drainage group, the incidence of rejection at 1 year was 6.1% in recipients who received induction therapy versus 23.5% in recipients who did not receive induction therapy. The average number of readmissions per recipient was 1.8 in the bladder-drainage group versus 0.9 in the enteric-drainage group. CONCLUSIONS Primary enteric drainage of the pancreas allograft in recipients of SPK transplantation is the preferred surgical technique in the tacrolimus/mycophenolate mofetil era.
Improving Usability through Enhanced Visualization in Healthcare

Data visualization has gained significant importance since the demand for software applications providing abstract view and pattern identification has increased. To meet the demand, a number of data visualization techniques and best practices have been proposed in many disciplines. However, data visualization is not as advanced in healthcare software applications as compared to other scientific fields. The result is a limited support provided to the healthcare practitioners by software applications. Moreover, poor usability of healthcare applications is another major hurdle in adoption of electronic healthcare systems rather than traditional paper based methods. In this paper, we propose an Electronic Health Record (EHR) system for Obstetrics, integrating different data visualization techniques. The proposed system has been evaluated using standard usability evaluation methods. The results indicate that using appropriate data visualization techniques in healthcare systems results in enhanced usability. The results also prove that better data visualization helps in improved quality of care and achieves high assurance in healthcare information systems.
A review corpus annotated for negation, speculation and their scope

This paper presents a freely available resource for research on handling negation and speculation in review texts. The SFU Review Corpus, consisting of 400 documents of movie, book, and consumer product reviews, was annotated at the token level with negative and speculative keywords and at the sentence level with their linguistic scope. We report statistics on corpus size and the consistency of annotations. The annotated corpus will be useful in many applications, such as document mining and sentiment analysis.
MMSE-Lattice Sequential Equalization of Underwater Acoustic Channels

Underwater acoustic communications is today accomplished with a variety of modulation techniques, including both non-coherent and coherent methods, each shown to perform "best" under certain environmental and operational constraints. Coherent communications typically involve a form of M-ary phase shift keyed (MPSK) signaling, combined with one of a variety of channel equalization schemes at the receiver. The most common scheme is the mean square error minimization (MMSE) decision feedback equalizer (DFE), designed in part by Professors John Proakis and Milica Stojanovic and now extended by many developers for a variety of applications. Even though often effective, the performance of the DFE becomes far from the optimal performance that can be obtained by the maximum likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE). While aiming for the optimal performance, our interest is in the use of small, battery- powered, DSP-based devices which have fairly hard constraints on computer resources. We consider an older alternative to the DFE, the maximum likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE), usually implemented with a Viterbi algorithm. Referring to historical coding theory, it is well known that a sequential estimation alternative to MLSE-based decoding is "almost" as effective, given a modest increase in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Furthermore, the computational burden is usually far less than with the conventional Viterbi approach. The focus of this paper is on the development and application of a Fano Sequential Estimator acting as an alternative to the Viterbi algorithm for MLSE-based channel compensation.
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

EDITOR,—As in many liver diseases, in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy1 appropriate monitoring and treatment are often not instituted because the problem is not recognised and accurate diagnosis not reached. In addition, we know of cases in which warning signs, such as raised results of liver function tests, have been ignored. …
Algorithm for sparse representation minimizing mean square error of power spectrograms

Sparse representation is an idea to approximate a target signal by a linear combination of a small number of sample signals, and it is utilized in various research fields. In this paper, we evaluate the approximation error of signals by the mean square error of power spectrograms (P-MSE). Specifically, we propose a P-MSE minimization algorithm for sparse representation. Our method minimizes the P-MSE by an iterative approach. Specifically, in each iteration, we find the optimal sample signal and optimize the corresponding coefficients by a gradient-based method. In this approach, our method can utilize the result of the previous iteration for fast and stable convergence in the optimization of the coefficients. Based on this algorithm, the sparse representation which minimizes the P-MSE becomes feasible. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our method in terms of the P-MSE minimization.
The Amazonian Formative: Crop Domestication and Anthropogenic Soils

The emergence of sedentism and agriculture in Amazonia continues to sit uncomfortably within accounts of South American pre-Columbian history. This is partially because deep-seated models were formulated when only ceramic evidence was known, partly because newer data continue to defy simple explanations, and partially because many discussions continue to ignore evidence of pre-Columbian anthropogenic landscape transformations. This paper presents the results of recent geoarchaeological research on Amazonian anthropogenic soils. It advances the argument that properties of two different types of soils, terras pretas and terras mulatas, support their interpretation as correlates of, respectively, past settlement areas and fields where spatially-intensive, organic amendment-reliant cultivation took place. This assessment identifies anthropogenic soil formation as a hallmark of the Amazonian Formative and prompts questions about when similar forms of enrichment first appear in the Amazon basin. The paper reviews evidence for embryonic anthrosol formation to highlight its significance for understanding the domestication of a key Amazonian crop: manioc (Manihot esculenta ssp. esculenta). A model for manioc domestication that incorporates anthropogenic soils outlines some scenarios which link the distribution of its two broader varieties—sweet and bitter manioc—with the widespread appearance of Amazonian anthropogenic dark earths during the first millennium AD.
Attention, Genes, and Developmental Disorders

What is attention? How does it go wrong? Do attention deficits arise from genes or from the environment? Can we cure it with drugs or training? Are there disorders of attention other than deficit disorders? The past decade has seen a burgeoning of research on the subject of attention. This research has been facilitated by advances on several fronts: New methods are now available for viewing brain activity in real time, there is expanding information on the complexities of the biochemistry of neural activity, individual genes can be isolated and their functions identified, analysis of the component processes included under the broad umbrella of "attention" has become increasingly sophisticated, and ingenious methods have been devised for measuring typical and atypical development of these processes, from infancy into childhood, and then into adulthood. In this book, Kim Cornish and John Wilding are concerned with attention and its development, both typical and atypical, particularly in disorders with a known genetic etiology or assumed genetic linkage. Tremendous advances across seemingly diverse disciplines - molecular genetics, pediatric neurology, child psychiatry, developmental cognitive neuroscience, and education - have culminated in a wealth of new methods for elucidating disorders at multiple levels, possibly paving the way for new treatment options. Cornish and Wilding use three specific-yet-interlinking levels of analysis: genetic blueprint (genotype), the developing brain, and the behavioral-cognitive outcomes (phenotype), as the basis for charting the attention profiles of six well-documented neurodevelopmental disorders: ADHD, autism, fragile X syndrome, Down syndrome, Williams syndrome, and 22q11 deletion syndrome. Their overarching aim in this book is to provide the most authoritative and extensive account to date of disorder-specific attention profiles and their development from infancy through adolescence.
Robust Tests for Transition Faults with Long Propagation Paths Using Boolean Satisfiability

Increasing speed and decreasing gate sizes make it necessary to test the correct temporal behavior of a manufactured chip. In this paper, we present an efficient SAT formulation for generating robust test patterns for the transition fault model. For this, we apply a multiple-valued logic that is able to model static values and add structural information to model the robust sensitization criterion. Furthermore, we introduce a SAT technique that prioritizes longer paths from the fault site to an output. As a result, the generated test patterns generally sensitize longer paths and consequently are more likely to detect errors caused by small delay defects. Experiments on ISCAS benchmarks and on industrial circuits show the feasiblity of our approach.
Construção e validação de uma escala preditiva de adesão à terapêutica anti-retroviral

A investigacao em torno da infeccao por VIH tem sido notavel, representando, actualmente, a terapeutica anti-retroviral (TAR), o unico meio de a controlar. Para ter sucesso, o tratamento carece de excelente adesao. Antes do inicio da TAR, as guidelines recomendam a avaliacao da preparacao para aderir, nao concretizando, porem, forma de o fazer. O objectivo deste estudo foi construir e validar, teoricamente, uma escala que avaliasse a preparacao para aderir, baseada em factores preditivos de adesao. Completaram a escala proposta 103 individuos infectados por VIH, com indicacao para iniciar ou reiniciar TAR. A Escala de Preparacao para Aderir a TAR (EPATAR), com 26 itens, foi testada psicometricamente, demonstrando sensibilidade, apropriados indices de fidelidade interna (Alpha de Cronbach>0,73) e validade factorial adequada, agregando-se os itens (cujos indices de saturacao em cada factor variam entre 0,42 e 0,70) em torno de tres dimensoes: “percepcao dos cuidados de saude”, “aspectos psico-sociais” e “resiliencia e adaptacao a infeccao”. A EPATAR e um instrumento de aplicacao rapida e simples, que pode ser util na identificacao antecipada de situacoes de risco. %%%%Progress in HIV research has been remarkable. However, at the moment, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the only way to control the infection. In order to succeed, excellent adherence to treatment is required. Guidelines recommend to assess patient’s readiness to adhere to HIV medication prior to starting ART, but they do not state how to do it. This study aimed to develop and validate, theoretically, a scale to assess readiness to adhere, based on factors that influence adherence. One hundred and three infected individuals, eligible to start or restart ART, completed the proposed scale. The 26 item EPATAR (Escala de Preparacao para Aderir a TAR) psychometric properties demonstrated sensitivity, suitable internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha>0,73) and adequate construct validity, with the selected items (factor loadings ranging from 0,42 to 0,70) gathered in three dimensions: “healthcare perception”, psycho-social aspects”, “coping and condition acceptance”. The EPATAR is a quick and easy to administrate tool, useful in anticipating risk situations.
FPGA routing architecture: segmentation and buffering to optimize speed and density

In this work we investigate the routing architecture of FPGAs, focusing primarily on determining the best distribution of routing segment lengths and the best mix of pass transistor and tri-state buffer routing switches. While most commercial FPGAs contain many length 1 wires (wires that span only one logic block) we find that wires this short lead to FPGAs that are inferior in terms of both delay and routing area. Our results show instead that it is best for FPGA routing segments to have lengths of 4 to 8 logic blocks. We also show that 50% to 80% of the routing switches in an FPGA should be pass transistors, with the remainder being tri-state buffers. Architectures that employ the best segmentation distributions and the best mixes of pass transistor and tri-state buffer switches found in this paper are not only 11% to 18% faster than a routing architecture very similar to that of the Xilinx XC4000X but also considerably simpler. These results are obtained using an architecture investigation infrastructure that contains a fully timing-driven router and detailed area and delay models.
Photo-based Industrial Augmented Reality application using a single keyframe registration procedure

In the recent years, many Industrial Augmented Reality (IAR) applications are shifting from video to still images to create a mixed view. This new type of application is called Photo-based Augmented Reality. In order to guarantee the success of these applications, a simple and efficient registration method is required. We present a new method to register an image to a CAD model using a single keyframe. This registration is based on sparse 3D information from the model linked to the keyframe during its offline registration. We demonstrate this method in our in-house IAR software for Visual Inspection and Documentation: VID.
Neuroimmune mechanisms in postoperative ileus

Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common clinical condition arising after almost every abdominal surgical procedure, leading to increased patient morbidity and prolonged hospitalisation. Recent advances in insight into the underlying pathophysiology have identified intestinal inflammation triggered by handling of the intestine as the main mechanism. Not only does the local inflammatory process compromise the contractile activity of the handled intestine, but it also activates inhibitory neural pathways and possibly triggers inflammation at distant untouched areas, leading to a generalised impairment of gastrointestinal motility. Macrophages residing in the muscularis externa and mast cells are the key players in this inflammatory cascade. Pharmacological interventions preventing the activation of these immune cells reduce the influx of leucocytes into the intestine, an effect associated with a reduction of the duration of POI. New potential therapeutic strategies to shorten POI based on these new insights will undoubtedly enter the clinical arena soon.
Emotion and Style in 30-Second Television Advertisements Targeted at Men, Women, Boys, and Girls

A program for objective textual analysis which incorporated measures of style, word emotionality, and word imagery, was used to score the verbal portion of 152 30-sec. television advertisements. This analysis indicated that advertisements directed at children were more active, longer, and less negative than those directed at adults. A comparison of advertisements directed at males and females regardless of age showed greater linguistic complexity (more words, fewer common words) when their text was directed at women and girls. Each of the 13 stylistic and emotional measures used to describe advertisements produced at least one significant difference associated with the age or the sex of the target population or their interaction.
Systemic lupus erythematosus: A genetic review for advanced practice nurses

Purpose: To review the symptom presentation, genetic aspects, and available treatment options for individuals diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Primary care providers should be vigilant in identifying symptoms, which may be related to SLE, perform adequate assessment, and diagnostic testing in order to arrive at an early diagnosis. Data sources: Extensive literature review of textbook, clinical, medical, and nursing journals. Conclusions: Lupus is a multigenic autoimmune disease, which requires the clinician to be hypervigilant by collecting a thorough family history and performing a complete physical assessment of the patient. There is an array of treatment modalities, both experimental and proven therapies, which improve signs and symptoms associated with SLE. Numerous medications are available for symptom management: anti‐inflammatory agents for patients with musculoskeletal presentation, and steroids or antimalarials for those with more extensive organ involvement. Implications for practice: In SLE, the overall aim of management is to determine the extent of disease and prevent extensive organ involvement. Therefore, when diagnosed in a timely manner, most patients will survive and are able to manage their disease.