Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approximate spectral synthesis in the Bergman space

algebra of bounded holomorphic functions in the unit disk) can be approximated by finite Blaschke products, in the topology of uniform convergence on compact subsets of the disk. Along the way, we find a theorem about kernel functions for weighted Bergman spaces of the type that estimate them away from the diagonal. The motivation forthese results is the study of z-invariant subspaces in the Bergman space. It is known that the lattice of z-invariant subspaces in Bergman spaces has a very complicated structure. But one may single out among all z-invariant subspaces those of simplest nature, the zero-based ones. What z-invariant subspaces can be approximated by zero-based ones? What z ∗ -invariant subspaces can be approximated by finite-dimensional ones? In this paper, we answer these questions (see Theorems 1 and 2), and we discuss some relations with rational approximation and cyclic vectors forthe backward shift. Let X be a Banach space of functions analytic in the unit disk D ={ z ∈ C :| z| < 1} of the complex plane C. Suppose that X is invariant with respect to the operator Mz of multiplication by the independent variable. Many important problems concerning the structure of the lattice of subspaces of X that are closed and invariant with respect to Mz (or, simply, z-invariant) are related to problems of spectral synthesis. Let Y be the space dual to X. Then the functionals kλ of evaluation of functions in X at the points of D, kλ : f → f (λ); λ ∈ D, are eigenvectors of the operator M ∗ : � λI − M ∗ z � kλ = 0;
The Promise and Limitations of Assistive Technology Use among Children with Autism

The use of assistive technology to enhance skill development among children with autism continues to expand. To date, this technology has been primarily used to remediate deficits in language, social skills, and, to a lesser extent, academic skills. Despite the growing body of literature examining the use of these technologies among children with autism, the success of these interventions has been mixed. The authors review findings concerning available forms of assistive technology and the factors that impact their efficacy among children with autism such as developmental level and severity of impairments.
The Toxoplasma gondii Cyst Wall Protein CST1 Is Critical for Cyst Wall Integrity and Promotes Bradyzoite Persistence

Toxoplasma gondii infects up to one third of the world's population. A key to the success of T. gondii as a parasite is its ability to persist for the life of its host as bradyzoites within tissue cysts. The glycosylated cyst wall is the key structural feature that facilitates persistence and oral transmission of this parasite. Because most of the antibodies and reagents that recognize the cyst wall recognize carbohydrates, identification of the components of the cyst wall has been technically challenging. We have identified CST1 (TGME49_064660) as a 250 kDa SRS (SAG1 related sequence) domain protein with a large mucin-like domain. CST1 is responsible for the Dolichos biflorus Agglutinin (DBA) lectin binding characteristic of T. gondii cysts. Deletion of CST1 results in reduced cyst number and a fragile brain cyst phenotype characterized by a thinning and disruption of the underlying region of the cyst wall. These defects are reversed by complementation of CST1. Additional complementation experiments demonstrate that the CST1-mucin domain is necessary for the formation of a normal cyst wall structure, the ability of the cyst to resist mechanical stress, and binding of DBA to the cyst wall. RNA-seq transcriptome analysis demonstrated dysregulation of bradyzoite genes within the various cst1 mutants. These results indicate that CST1 functions as a key structural component that confers essential sturdiness to the T. gondii tissue cyst critical for persistence of bradyzoite forms.
Rat8p/Dbp5p is a shuttling transport factor that interacts with Rat7p/Nup159p and Gle1p and suppresses the mRNA export defect of xpo1‐1 cells

In a screen for temperature‐sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective for mRNA export, we previously identified the essential DEAD‐box protein Dbp5p/Rat8p and the nucleoporin Rat7p/Nup159p. Both are essential for mRNA export. Here we report that Dbp5p and Rat7p interact through their Nterminal domains. Deletion of this portion of Rat7p (Rat7pΔN) results in strong defects in mRNA export and eliminates association of Dbp5p with nuclear pores. Overexpression of Dbp5p completely suppressed the growth and mRNA export defects of rat7ΔN cells and resulted in weaker suppression in cells carrying rat7‐1 or the rss1‐37 allele of GLE1. Dbp5p interacts with Gle1p independently of the N‐terminus of Dbp5p. Dbp5p shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm in an Xpo1p‐dependent manner. It accumulates in nuclei of xpo1‐1 cells and in cells with mutations affecting Mex67p (mex67‐5), Gsp1p (Ran) or Ran effectors. Overexpression of Dbp5p prevents nuclear accumulation of mRNA in xpo1‐1 cells, but does not restore growth, suggesting that the RNA export defect of xpo1‐1 cells may be indirect. In a screen for high‐copy suppressors of the rat8‐2 allele of DBP5, we identified YMR255w, now called GFD1. Gfd1p is not essential, interacts with Gle1p and Rip1p/Nup42p, and is found in the cytoplasm and at the nuclear rim.
Bankrupt Government Policies and Belligerent Fishermen Responses: Dependency and Conflict in the Southwest Nova Scotia Small Boat Fisheries

Abstract: Despite massive federal/provincial government financial and policy interventions in the Atlantic Canadian Fisheries, relations between small boat fishermen and various levels of the state are rife with a pervasive alienation, distrust and conflict. This essay examines attributes and consequences of state intervention in the fisheries. Small boat fishermen’s increasing dependence on state-controlled resources and the non-consultative bureaucratic style of government are considered to be primary factors intensifying alienation, distrust and conflict. Two cases of conflict in Southwest Nova Scotia are described and discussed in order to illustrate the attributes and processes associated with this condition. Abstract: En dépit d’interventions financières et politiques à grande échelle de la part des gouvernements fédéral et provinciaux dans les pêches canadiennes de l’Atlantique, les relations entre les pêcheurs indépendants et plusieurs échelons de l’État sont pénétrées de désaffection, de méfiance et d’antagonisme. Les auteurs rendent compte des attributs et des conséquences de l’intervention de l’État dans les pêches et ils en concluent que la désaffection, la méfiance et l’antagonisme sont sensiblement aggravés par la dépendance toujours plus étendue de ces pêcheurs quant aux ressources que détient l’État, ainsi que par le genre de gouvernement bureaucratique et non-consultatif. Pour démontrer les attributs et les processus qui se rapportent à cette situation, ils mettent en évidence deux conflits dans le sud-ouest de la Nouvelle-Écosse.
SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES , PCA AND LDA IN FACE RECOGNITION Ján Mazanec — Martin Melǐsek — Miloš Oravec —

In this paper, we consider the human face be biometric. We present the results of different statistical algorithms used for face recognition, namely PCA (Principal Component Analysis), LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) and SVM (Support Vector Machines). Pre-processed (normalization of size, unified position and rotation, contrast optimization and face masking) image sets from the FERET database are used for experiments. We take advantage of csuFaceIdEval and libsvm software that implement the mentioned algorithms. We also propose a combination of PCA and LDA methods with SVM which produces interesting results from the point of view of recognition success, rate, and robustness of the face recognition algorithm. We use different classifiers to match the image of a person to a class (a subject) obtained from the training data. These classifiers are in the form of both simple metrics (Mahalinobis cosine, LdaSoft) and more complex support vector machines. We present the results of face recognition of all these methods. We also propose the best settings in order to maximize the face recognition success rate.
Surgical Techniques for Personalized Oncoplastic Surgery in Breast Cancer Patients with Small- to Moderate-Sized Breasts (Part 1): Volume Displacement

Despite the popularity of breast-conserving surgery (BCS), which constitutes 50-60% of all breast cancer surgeries, discussions regarding cosmetic results after BCS are not specifically conducted. The simple conservation of breast tissue is no longer adequate to qualify for BCS completion. The incorporation of oncological and plastic surgery techniques allows for the complete resection of local disease while achieving superior cosmetic outcome. Oncoplastic BCS can be performed in one of the following two ways: 1) volume displacement techniques and 2) volume replacement techniques. This study reports volume displacement surgical techniques, which allow the use of remaining breast tissue after BCS by glandular reshaping or reduction techniques for better cosmetic results. Thorough understanding of these procedures and careful consideration of the patient's breast size, tumor location, excised volume, and volume of the remaining breast tissue during the surgery in choosing appropriate patient and surgical techniques will result in good cosmetic results. Surgery of the contralateral breast may be requested to improve symmetry and may take the form of a reduction mammoplasty or mastopexy. The timing of such surgery and the merits of synchronous versus delayed approaches should be discussed in full with the patients. Because Korean women have relatively small breast sizes compared to Western women, it is not very easy to apply the oncoplastic volume displacement technique to cover defects. However, we have performed various types of oncoplastic volume displacement techniques on Korean women, and based on our experience, we report a number of oncoplastic volume displacement techniques that are applicable to Korean women with small- to moderate-sized breasts.
Audio steganalysis of spread spectrum hiding based on statistical moment

Audio information hiding has attracted more attentions recently. Spread spectrum (SS) technique has developed rapidly in this area due to the advantages of good robustness and immunity to noise attack. Accordingly steganalysis of the SS hiding effectively verify the presence of the secrete message in an important issue. In this paper we present two algorithms for steganalysis SS hiding. Both the two methods based on machine learning theory and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In the algorithm I, we introduce Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and generalize Gaussian distribution (GGD) to character the probability distribution of wavelet sub-band. Then the absolute probability distribution function (PDF) moment is extracted as feature vectors. In the algorithm II, we propose distance metric between GMM and GGD of wavelet sub-band to distinguish cover and stego audio. Four distances (Kullback-Leibler Distance, Bhattacharyya Distance, Earth Mover's Distance, L2 Distance) are calculated as feature vectors. The support vector machine (SVM) classifier is utilized for classification. The experiment results of both two proposed algorithms may obtain better detecting performance. Its simplicity and extensibility indicate further application in other audio steganalysis.
Impact of PSS and STATCOM on transient stability of multi-machine power system connected to PV generation

This paper discusses the impact of Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) on transient stability of multi-machine power system connected to PV generation. This study show the simulation result of power system for different case: multimachine power system only, multi-machine power with PV generation, multi-machine power connected to PV generation with PSS and STATCOM and show how the PSS and STATCOM help to improve the rotor angle stability and damped frequency oscillations. MATLAB/SIMULINK is used to simulate the proposed system.
System support for object groups

This paper draws several observations from our experiences in building support for object groups. These observations actually go beyond our experiences and may apply to many other developments of object based distributed systems.Our first experience aimed at building support for Smalltalk object replication using the Isis process group toolkit. It was quite easy to achieve group transparency but we were confronted with a strong mismatch between the rigidity of the process group model and the flexible nature of object interactions. Consequently, we decided to build our own object oriented protocol framework, specifically dedicated to support object groups (instead of using a process group toolkit). We built our framework in such a way that basic distributed protocols, such as failure detection and multicasts, are considered as first class entities, directly accessible to the programmers. To achieve flexible and dynamic protocol composition, we had to go beyond inheritance and objectify distributed algorithms.Our second experience consisted in building a CORBA service aimed at managing group of objects written on different languages and running on different platforms. This experience revealed a mismatch between the asynchrony of group protocols and the synchrony of standard CORBA interaction mechanisms, which limited the portability of our CORBA object group service. We restricted the impact of this mismatch by encapsulating asynchrony issues inside a specific messaging sub-service.We dissect the cost of object group transparency in our various implementations, and we point out the recurrent sources of overheads, namely message indirection, marshaling/unmarshaling and strong consistency.
Absence of retinoids can induce motoneuron disease in the adult rat and a retinoid defect is present in motoneuron disease patients

We generated retinoid-deficient adult rats by the removal of retinoids from their diet. We show that their motoneurons undergo neurodegeneration and that there is an accumulation of neurofilaments and an increase in astrocytosis, which is associated with motoneuron disease. These effects are mediated through the retinoic acid receptor α. The same receptor deficit is found in motoneurons from patients suffering from spontaneous amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Furthermore, we show that there is a loss of expression of the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme II in motoneurons. Therefore, we propose that a defect in the retinoid signalling pathway is in part be responsible for some types of motoneuron disease.
Economic Value of Celebrity Endorsement : Tiger Woods ’ Impact on Sales of Nike Golf Balls

In the endorsement business, golf has been the leading sports industry to have endorsers. [11] “The Fortunate 50”, a list of the 50 top earning American athletes in salary, endorsement and appearance fees compiled by Sports Illustrated, ranked Tiger Woods and Phil Mickelson 1st and 2nd, respectively in their 2008 and 2009 rankings. [4] It is documented that Tiger Woods has consistently earned significantly more off the course than on the course by a variety of endorsers. Thus, this begs the question of just how profitable are the endorsements for the firms sponsoring these athletes? The objective of this paper is to study the effect of endorsement in terms of profit by looking at Nike and its endorser, Tiger Woods. Studying Tiger Woods is fitting because it was believed in 2008 that Tiger Woods was on his way to becoming the first $1 billion athlete. In 2007, his earnings from on the course were $23 million while his endorsement deals totaled $100 million. [12] In addition, with the recent revelation of the golfer’s infidelity, we are in a position to quantify not only the positive effect, but also the potential negative effects of endorsement contracts on profits. We develop and estimate a consumer demand model for golf balls by using a rich data set made available by Golf Datatech LLC. Taking into account Tiger Woods’ inherent quality as a player, Nike’s advertisement expenditures, and other PGA tour players, we find that not only did Tiger Woods’ Nike endorsement result in a significant number of existing customers switching toward Nike products, but it also had a positive effect on the golf ball industry as a whole with increases in primary demand. By sponsoring Tiger Woods for 10 years, we find that the Nike golf ball division reaped additional profits of $60 million through the acquisition of 4.5 million customers who switched as a result of Tiger Woods’ endorsement. In fact, as a result of Tiger Woods switching away from Titleist to Nike in 2000, we estimate that the Titleist golf ball division experienced a decline of revenue of 7.48% (-8.11% in profit). We also find that the recent scandal regarding Tiger Woods’ infidelity had a negative impact, resulting in Nike losing approximately $1.3 million in profit with a loss of 105,000 customers. Meanwhile, it cost the rest of the golf industry a loss of $6.2 million in profit. However, we conclude that Nike’s decision to stand by Tiger Woods was the right decision because even in the midst of the scandal, the overall profit was greater by $1.6 million for Nike with Tiger Woods than without him. This finding may be of interest to firms that use endorsements as a marketing strategy to promote its products. Lastly, we find that the endorsement business in general has a primary demand effect where the overall number of consumers increases in the golf market. This suggests that endorsements are beneficial for the golf ball industry, which may be of interest for business policy makers.
Oxidative stress and free radicals related diseases of the newborn

Free radicals (FRs) generation is an unavoidable consequence of the life in an oxygen-rich atmosphere. FRs can be considered a double-edged sword. Beneficial effects of FRs occur at moderate concentrations and involve physiological roles in cellular responses to noxia, as in defense against infectious agents, in the function of a number of cellular signaling pathways and the induction of a mitogenic response. The over-production of FRs and the insufficiency of an antioxidant mechanism result in oxidative stress (OS), a deleterious process and important mediator of damage to cell structures and tissues. It occurs at birth in all newborns as a consequence of the hyperoxic challenge after the transition from the hypoxic intrauterine environment to extrauterine life. During the perinatal period, OS can be magnified by others predisposing conditions such as hyperoxia, hypoxia, ischemia, hypoxia-reperfusion, inflammation and high levels of non-protein bound iron. Epidemiological studies linked OS occurring during fetal stages and early infancy with adverse health outcomes later in life, indicating that OS is an early event in the etiology of these chronic diseases. Newborns, especially if preterm, are particularly susceptible to OS and damage due to the increased generation of FRs, the lack of adequate antioxidant protection, and the inability to induce antioxidant defenses during the hyperoxic challenge at birth. This impairment of the oxidative balance has been thought to be the common factor of pathologies grouped together as “free radical disease in the neonate” that include retinopathy of prematurity (which may lead to blindness in severe cases), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (a particularly debilitating pulmonary lesion of the preterm infant), periventricular leukomalacia (an important cause of severe neurodisability) and necrotizing enterocolitis. In this review we discuss in detail these perinatal diseases. Particularly, we analyze the current knowledge about the role of OS in their pathogenesis.
Analysis of Music Representations of Vocal Performance Based on Spectrogram

Spectrogram is a main analysis method of audio signals and other similar quasi - stationary ones and produces a time-frequency portrait of a signal. This paper researches correspondence between important time-frequency structures and music representations of vocal performance, aiming at providing quantitative analysis and objective information description of the subjective perception of specific voice techniques. Experiments and vocal music examples reveal and indicate that spectrogram is a powerful tool for aiding the study, comprehension, and interpretation of musical expression.
Genome sequences of Chlamydia trachomatis MoPn and Chlamydia pneumoniae AR39.

The genome sequences of Chlamydia trachomatis mouse pneumonitis (MoPn) strain Nigg (1 069 412 nt) and Chlamydia pneumoniae strain AR39 (1 229 853 nt) were determined using a random shotgun strategy. The MoPn genome exhibited a general conservation of gene order and content with the previously sequenced C.trachomatis serovar D. Differences between C.trachomatis strains were focused on an approximately 50 kb 'plasticity zone' near the termination origins. In this region MoPn contained three copies of a novel gene encoding a >3000 amino acid toxin homologous to a predicted toxin from Escherichia coli O157:H7 but had apparently lost the tryptophan biosyntheis genes found in serovar D in this region. The C. pneumoniae AR39 chromosome was >99.9% identical to the previously sequenced C.pneumoniae CWL029 genome, however, comparative analysis identified an invertible DNA segment upstream of the uridine kinase gene which was in different orientations in the two genomes. AR39 also contained a novel 4524 nt circular single-stranded (ss)DNA bacteriophage, the first time a virus has been reported infecting C. pneumoniae. Although the chlamydial genomes were highly conserved, there were intriguing differences in key nucleotide salvage pathways: C.pneumoniae has a uridine kinase gene for dUTP production, MoPn has a uracil phosphororibosyl transferase, while C.trachomatis serovar D contains neither gene. Chromosomal comparison revealed that there had been multiple large inversion events since the species divergence of C.trachomatis and C.pneumoniae, apparently oriented around the axis of the origin of replication and the termination region. The striking synteny of the Chlamydia genomes and prevalence of tandemly duplicated genes are evidence of minimal chromosome rearrangement and foreign gene uptake, presumably owing to the ecological isolation of the obligate intracellular parasites. In the absence of genetic analysis, comparative genomics will continue to provide insight into the virulence mechanisms of these important human pathogens.