Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Anisotropic Model for the Plastic Response of Powder Compacts

In this paper we present an anisotropic compaction model based on a generic modeling framework. The model is a generalization of Hill’s anisotropic model to compressible materials and reduces to a Cam-clay type model in the isotropic limit. The model has been calibrated using experimental data for a commercial steel powder obtained from a computer controlled triaxial cell in which the yield surface was probed following loading along different paths in stress and strain space. Closed-form analytical expressions are presented for the yield surface as a function of the inelastic strain. The model has been implemented in the general purpose finite element code ABAQUS. Simulations are presented which explore the effect of a detailed structure of the constitutive law on the compaction response.
A comparison of vehicular trajectory encoding techniques

The transmission of vehicular trajectory information is one basic building block of car-to-car communication. Frequently, this information is transmitted as raw data, i. e. , as a sequence of location measurements. In this paper we argue that, due to the laws of physics and the requirement to follow a road, vehicular mobility has very specific characteristics. Hence, vehicular trajectory information can be compressed very efficiently using domain-specific lossy compression schemes. We discuss and compare three promising approaches that can be used to this end: linear approximation, cubic splines, and clothoids.
Steady State Analysis of the RED Gateway — Stability and Transient Behavior —

Several gateway-based congestion control mechanisms have been proposed to support an end-to-end congestion control mechanism of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). One of promising gateway-based congestion control mechanisms is a RED (Random Early Detection) gateway. Although effectiveness of the RED gateway is fully dependent on a choice of control parameters, it has not been fully investigated how to configure its control parameters. In this paper, we analyze the steady state behavior of the RED gateway by explicitly modeling the congestion control mechanism of TCP. We first derive the equilibrium values of the TCP window size and the buffer occupancy of the RED gateway. Also derived are the stability condition and the transient performance index of the network by using a control theoretic approach. Numerical examples as well as simulation results are presented to clearly show relations between control parameters and the steady state behavior. Our findings are: (1) maxp (maximum packet marking probability) mostly affects the RED’s buffer occupancy, (2) the network becomes more stable as the number of TCP connections or the bandwidth–delay product increases, and (3) minth (minimum threshold) is a key parameter for optimizing the transient performance. 1QJ8 key words RED (Random Early Detection) gateway, TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), Stability, Transient behavior
Importing MASC into the ANNIS linguistic database: A case study of mapping GrAF

This paper describes the importation of Manually Annotated Sub-Corpus (MASC) data and annotations into the linguistic database ANNIS, which allows users to visualize and query linguistically-annotated corpora. We outline the process of mapping MASC’s GrAF representation to ANNIS’s internal format relANNIS and demonstrate how the system provides access to multiple annotation layers in the corpus. This access provides information about inter-layer relations and dependencies that have been previously difficult to explore, and which are highly valuable for continued development of language processing applications.
A Location Aware Mobile Tool for Direct and Indirect Climate Data Sensors

Access to GIS data from mobile platforms continues to be a challenge and there is a wide range of fields where it is extremely useful. In this work, we combined three key aspects: climate data sensors, mobile platforms and spatial proximity operations. We published and made use of a web 2.0 network of climate data, where content is user‐collected, by means of their meteorological stations, and exposed as available information for the virtual community. Moreover, we enriched this data by giving the users the opportunity to directly inform the system with different climate measures. In general, management of this type of information from a mobile application could result in an important decision tool, as it enables us to provide climate‐related data according to a context and a geographical location. Therefore, we implemented a native mobile application for iPhone and iPad platforms by using ArcGIS SDK for iOS and by integrating a series of ArcGIS webmaps, which allows us to perform geospatial queries based on the user's location, offering, at the same time, access to all the data provided by the climate data sensor network and from direct users.
Lexical Morphology in Machine Translation: A Feasibility Study

This paper presents a feasibility study for implementing lexical morphology principles in a machine translation system in order to solve unknown words. Multilingual symbolic treatment of word-formation is seducing but requires an in-depth analysis of every step that has to be performed. The construction of a prototype is firstly presented, highlighting the methodological issues of such approach. Secondly, an evaluation is performed on a large set of data, showing the benefits and the limits of such approach.
Symbolic design space exploration for multi-mode reconfigurable systems

In today's complex embedded systems not all applications are running all the time, but depend on the operational mode. By incorporating knowledge about the temporal behavior of such multi-mode systems, it is possible to share hardware by means of partial reconfiguration, and thus, reduce costs and improve performance. In this paper, we specify the temporal behavior of the functionality by applying known models based on state machines. In addition, we introduce an architectural model that allows to express the characteristics of nowadays partially reconfigurable architectures, focusing on FPGAs. We develop a symbolic encoding of this novel system specification, which allows to perform a unified system synthesis for allocation, binding, placement of partially reconfigurable modules, and routing the on-chip communication. The proposed encoding enables the use of sophisticated optimization techniques, coupling a SAT solver with a Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm. The proposed methodology is highly applicable for building multi-mode systems on advanced reconfigurable technology. We demonstrate this by experiments on test-cases from the image processing domain applying state-of-the-art technology. The results show the superiority of the presented approach in terms of run-time and quality of the found solutions compared to existing system synthesis approaches.
PulseSync: An Efficient and Scalable Clock Synchronization Protocol

Clock synchronization is an enabling service for a wide range of applications and protocols in both wired and wireless networks. We study the implications of clock drift and communication latency on the accuracy of clock synchronization when scaling the network diameter. Starting with a theoretical analysis of synchronization protocols, we prove tight bounds on the synchronization error in a model that assumes independently and randomly distributed communication delays and slowly changing drifts. While this model is more optimistic than traditional worst-case analysis, it much better captures the nature of real-world systems such as wireless networks. The bound on the synchronization accuracy, which is roughly the square root of the network diameter, is achieved by the novel PulseSync protocol. Extensive experiments demonstrate that PulseSync is able to meet the predictions from theory and tightly synchronizes large networks. This contrasts against an exponential growth of the skew incurred by the state-of-the-art protocol for wireless sensor networks. Moreover, PulseSync adapts much faster to network dynamics and changing clock drifts than this protocol.
National Cancer Institute's Precision Medicine Initiatives for the new National Clinical Trials Network.

The promise of precision medicine will only be fully realized if the research community can adapt its clinical trials methodology to study molecularly characterized tumors instead of the traditional histologic classification. Such trials will depend on adequate tissue collection, availability of quality controlled, high throughput molecular assays, and the ability to screen large numbers of tumors to find those with the desired molecular alterations. The National Cancer Institute's (NCI) new National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) is well positioned to conduct such trials. The NCTN has the ability to seamlessly perform ethics review, register patients, manage data, and deliver investigational drugs across its many sites including both in cities and rural communities, academic centers, and private practices. The initial set of trials will focus on different questions: (1) Exceptional Responders Initiative-why do a minority of patients with solid tumors or lymphoma respond very well to some drugs even if the majority do not? ; (2) NCI MATCH trial-can molecular markers predict response to targeted therapies in patients with advanced cancer resistant to standard treatment? ; (3) ALCHEMIST trial-will targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors improve survival for adenocarcinoma of the lung in the adjuvant setting? ; and (4) Lung Cancer Master Protocol trial for advanced squamous cell lung cancer-is there an advantage to developing drugs for small subsets of molecularly characterized tumors in a single, multiarm trial design? These studies will hopefully spawn a new era of treatment trials that will carefully select the tumors that may respond best to investigational therapy.
Non-commercial Research and Educational Use including without Limitation Use in Instruction at Your Institution, Sending It to Specific Colleagues That You Know, and Providing a Copy to Your Institution's Administrator. All Other Uses, Reproduction and Distribution, including without Limitation Comm

We present a general strategy for filling the missing data of the CATS benchmark time series prediction competition. Our approach builds upon a time-symmetric embedding of this time series and the use of a one-shot forecasting for each missing value inside the gaps from distant-enough delayed and forwarded predictors. In the extrapolation region we perform standard, non-iterated forward predictions. For modeling purposes we consider bagging of multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). We discuss two different implementations of this strategy: The first one is based on a simultaneous modeling of both large-and short-scale dynamics information, using (suitably delayed and forwarded) original CATS values and their first differences as inputs to MLPs. The second one follows a two-stage strategy, in which behaviors at different scales are modeled separately. First, the overall behavior at large scales is fitted with a smooth curve obtained by repeated application of a Savitzky-Golay filter. Then, the remaining short-scale variability is approximated using bagged MLPs. Expected error levels for these two implementations are provided according to performance on test data.
Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of shock wave propagation in nanolayered Cu/Nb nanocomposites

Employing nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, we characterize the defect substructures induced in nanolayered Cu/Nb composites by shock compression, and their manifestation on macroscopic observables such as pressure, shear stress and temperature. We find that Cu lattice dislocations are initially nucleated at the Cu/Nb heterophase interface, and subsequently transmit into the neighboring Nb crystal. The nucleation of dislocations at interfaces may be partly attributed to the shear stress gradient across interfaces; although there is a good impedance match between Cu and Nb at the shock strengths we are considering, the interfaces introduce a periodic variation in the pressure and shear stress profiles, even during elastic loading. The resulting dislocation activity (nucleation and transmission) subsequently leads to local heating at those interfaces. These findings imply that by atomic design of interface structure and spacing, one might control the thermomechanical response of nanocomposites .
Dark matter in dwarf spheroidals – II. Observations and modelling of Draco

We present stellar radial velocity data for the Draco dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy obtained using the AF2/WYFFOS instrument combination on the William Herschel Telescope. Our data set consists of 186 member stars, 159 of which have good quality velocities, extending to a magnitude V 19.5 with a mean velocity precision of 2 km s - 1 . As this survey is based on a high-precision photometric target list, it contains many more Draco members at large radii. For the first time, this allows a robust determination of the radial behaviour of the velocity dispersion in a dSph. We find statistically strong evidence of a rising velocity dispersion consistent with a dark matter halo that has a gently rising rotation curve. There is a <2σ signature of rotation about the long axis, inconsistent with tidal disruption as the source of the rising dispersion. By comparing our data set with earlier velocities, we find that Draco probably has a binary distribution and fraction comparable to those in the solar neighbourhood. We apply a novel maximum likelihood algorithm and fit the velocity data to a two parameter spherical model with an adjustable dark matter content and velocity anisotropy. Draco is best fit by a weakly tangentially anisotropic distribution of stellar orbits in a dark matter halo with a very slowly rising rotation law (v c i r c oc r 0 . 1 7 ). We are able to rule out both a mass-follows-light distribution and an extended halo with a harmonic core at the 2.5 to 3σ significance level, depending on the details of our assumptions about Draco's stellar binary population. Our modelling lends support to the idea that the dark matter in dwarf spheroidals is distributed in the form of massive, nearly isothermal haloes.
Contact length prediction: mathematical models and effect of friction schemes on FEM simulation for conventional to HSM of AISI 1045 steel

Tool-chip contact length is an important factor in the machining process because it provides the interface for heat flux into the tool. Friction conditions at this tool-chip interface strongly influence heat generation in the secondary deformation zone and one of the most important inputs for modelling and simulation of the machining process. In this paper, existing models predicting tool-chip contact length and different rake face friction distribution schemes for the tool rake face are discussed. The effects of these friction distribution schemes on the tool-chip contact length are then studied using an updated Lagrangian finite element code DEFORM 2D, simulating continuous chip formation. In addition, orthogonal cutting experiments are conducted for AISI 1045 steel to validate these results. The tool-chip contact length was measured for cutting speeds ranging from conventional to high speed range. Existing tool-chip contact length models and the FE modelling results are compared with those determined from cutting tests. While the flow stress is the dominant input factor for chip formation prediction, the results also show that contact length is sensitive to rake face friction distribution schemes. This paper clearly shows that realistic FE modelling of machining of AISI 1045 steel should be based on variable Coulomb and hybrid sticking-sliding friction models, for conventional to high cutting speed range.
Fingerprint classification method based on Least Square Support Vector Machine and detailed image

A new online fingerprint identification method is proposed based on detailed image feature and Least-Square Support Vector Machines which has the fast calculate and better generalization capability. This algorithm uses binary tree theory to decompose the problem into three 2-class classification problem, utilizing improved indexing table thinning feature extraction algorithm, then using the support vector machine to optimize the three hyper-planes. Experimental results show that this algorithm improves the efficiency of fingerprint classification.
Multiscale Aspects of Generation of High-Gamma Activity during Seizures in Human Neocortex123

Visual Abstract High-gamma (HG; 80-150 Hz) activity in macroscopic clinical records is considered a marker for critical brain regions involved in seizure initiation; it is correlated with pathological multiunit firing during neocortical seizures in the seizure core, an area identified by correlated multiunit spiking and low frequency seizure activity. High-gamma (HG; 80-150 Hz) activity in macroscopic clinical records is considered a marker for critical brain regions involved in seizure initiation; it is correlated with pathological multiunit firing during neocortical seizures in the seizure core, an area identified by correlated multiunit spiking and low frequency seizure activity. However, the effects of the spatiotemporal dynamics of seizure on HG power generation are not well understood. Here, we studied HG generation and propagation, using a three-step, multiscale signal analysis and modeling approach. First, we analyzed concurrent neuronal and microscopic network HG activity in neocortical slices from seven intractable epilepsy patients. We found HG activity in these networks, especially when neurons displayed paroxysmal depolarization shifts and network activity was highly synchronized. Second, we examined HG activity acquired with microelectrode arrays recorded during human seizures (n = 8). We confirmed the presence of synchronized HG power across microelectrode records and the macroscale, both specifically associated with the core region of the seizure. Third, we used volume conduction-based modeling to relate HG activity and network synchrony at different network scales. We showed that local HG oscillations require high levels of synchrony to cross scales, and that this requirement is met at the microscopic scale, but not within macroscopic networks. Instead, we present evidence that HG power at the macroscale may result from harmonics of ongoing seizure activity. Ictal HG power marks the seizure core, but the generating mechanism can differ across spatial scales.
Regional Myocardial Perfusion and Glucose Metabolism in Experimental Left Bundle Branch Block

BackgroundSeveral authors have reported cases in which 201TI scintigraphy demonstrated perfusion abnormality in the septum of patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and normal coronary arteriogram. The mechanism of this abnormality, however, remains to be clarified. Methods and ResultsTo determine whether LBBB itself induces abnormal myocardial perfusion and ischemia and to elucidate its mechanism, we used an in vivo animal model. LBBB was induced by right ventricular pacing in 17 open-chest dogs. We examined myocardial perfusion and glucose uptake using 201T1 and 18F-labeled 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. 201T1 activity in the septum was reduced to 74.7±14.5% of its maximal activity, and mean activity was 86.5±5.3% in the free wall (p<0.05). 18F activity in the septum was also reduced compared with that in the free wall (67.4±12.1% versus 88.0plusmn;5.2%, p<0.05). Regional myocardial blood flow was significantly reduced in the septum compared with the free wall, averaging 0.53±0.18 ml/min/g versus 0.84±0.14 ml/min/g, respectively (p<0.01). Systolic thickening in the septum was reduced from 1.36±0.20 to 0.98±0.04 (p<0.01) after the induction of LBBB, and the intramyocardial pressure in the septum in diastolic phase, in which the major flow of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) exists, increased from 26.6±10.5 to 57.8±22.2 mm Hg (p<0.02). Mean aortic pressure, IAD flow, and lactate extraction rate showed no significant change. ConclusionsLBBB itself may reduce myocardial perfusion and glucose uptake in the septum because of impaired systolic thickening and augmented intramyocardial pressure in the septum; however, this is not necessarily related to septal ischemia.
Could In-situ Analysis Help Unravel the Biochemical Milieu of Chronic Wounds?

species, and the transient localised fluctuation that may be anticipated for both pH and ROS. Therefore, the development and implementation of methodologies to allow the real-time insitu analysis of biomarkers, such as pH and ROS, may offer huge advantages in terms of our understanding of how the biomarkers change throughout normal and pathological healing processes, and provide a better insight to the factors initiating chronicity.
Lunar impact basins revealed by Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory measurements

New gravity measurements greatly improve the Moon’s preserved impact basin inventory. Observations from the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission indicate a marked change in the gravitational signature of lunar impact structures at the morphological transition, with increasing diameter, from complex craters to peak-ring basins. At crater diameters larger than ~200 km, a central positive Bouguer anomaly is seen within the innermost peak ring, and an annular negative Bouguer anomaly extends outward from this ring to the outer topographic rim crest. These observations demonstrate that basin-forming impacts remove crustal materials from within the peak ring and thicken the crust between the peak ring and the outer rim crest. A correlation between the diameter of the central Bouguer gravity high and the outer topographic ring diameter for well-preserved basins enables the identification and characterization of basins for which topographic signatures have been obscured by superposed cratering and volcanism. The GRAIL inventory of lunar basins improves upon earlier lists that differed in their totals by more than a factor of 2. The size-frequency distributions of basins on the nearside and farside hemispheres of the Moon differ substantially; the nearside hosts more basins larger than 350 km in diameter, whereas the farside has more smaller basins. Hemispherical differences in target properties, including temperature and porosity, are likely to have contributed to these different distributions. Better understanding of the factors that control basin size will help to constrain models of the original impactor population.
An improved uncertainty decoding scheme with weighted samples for DNN-HMM hybrid systems

In this paper, we advance a recently-proposed uncertainty decoding scheme for DNN-HMM (deep neural network - hidden Markov model) hybrid systems. This numerical sampling concept averages DNN outputs produced by a finite set of feature samples (drawn from a probabilistic distortion model) to approximate the posterior likelihoods of the context-dependent HMM states. As main innovation, we propose a weighted DNN-output averaging based on a minimum classification error criterion and apply it to a probabilistic distortion model for spatial diffuseness features. The experimental evaluation is performed on the 8-channel REVERB Challenge task using a DNN-HMM hybrid system with multichannel front-end signal enhancement. We show that the recognition accuracy of the DNN-HMM hybrid system improves by incorporating uncertainty decoding based on random sampling and that the proposed weighted DNN-output averaging further reduces the word error rate scores.