Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing risk for inpatient physical violence in a female forensic psychiatric sample – comparing HCR-20v2 with the female additional manual to the HCR-20v2

Abstract Purpose and aim: Out from the sparse literature on risk assessment for violence committed by women the Female Additional Manual (FAM) was developed to be a complement to the HCR-20v2. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the psychometrics of the HCR-20v2 with and without the FAM on risk for inpatient physical violence for female forensic psychiatric patients. Methods: The participants were 100 female patients admitted to forensic psychiatric care in a high-security clinic, assessed by clinicians with the HCR-20v2 during their admission. Researchers performed the FAM, both retrospectively and prospectively. The follow-up period was 12 months before being discharged. Results: Four main results were found; first, many risk factors were present although the summary risk ratings were mainly low to moderate. Secondly, the reliability was in general good, where the HCR-20v2 mainly showed higher reliability without than with the FAM, indicating that FAM risk factors did equal or did not contribute to a higher reliability. Third, the internal validity was higher for the HCR-20v2 than for the FAM. Risk factors correlated stronger with the summary risk ratings for the HCR-20v2 than for the FAM. Fourth, the validity for inpatient physical violence was high for the total score of both the HCR-20v2 and the FAM, but contradictory to previous finding the validity for summary risk ratings was not significant. Conclusions: The results support the use of HCR-20v2 when assessing risk for inpatient violence for female forensic psychiatric patients, but with only some support for adding or changing risk factors according to the FAM.
Correlation of Force to Deformation of the Anterior Bundle of the Medial Collateral Ligament Through Consideration of Band Laxity

The anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament (AMCL) resists the loads that arise at the elbow during overhand throwing and has commonly been divided into posterior and anterior bands. While these anterior and posterior bands have been thought to bear the load at different flexion angles, any transition of the load distribution between the two bands is poorly understood and has not considered laxity (slack). This study considers the AMCL as three bands and quantifies the mechanical response to vertical distraction, simulating valgus‐load joint opening, through the sequential superposition of the band responses after the elimination of inherent laxity. Eight cadaveric elbow specimens were used for the study. The intact AMCL of each specimen was tested under vertical distraction in a specialized load frame at four elbow flexion angles and then subsequently retested after two longitudinal transections. The greatest laxity at full extension and full flexion belonged to the posterior (1.9 mm) and anterior (2.4 mm) band, respectively. At the lesser and higher flexion angles, the greatest structural stiffness belonged to the anterior and middle band. The overall AMCL was the most structurally stiff at 60°, with approximately 150 N of force required for 2% elongation. This study shows that the different bands of the AMCL may have different load bearing properties at different flexion angles, causing each band to support different proportions of an imposed load. The presence of the laxity may impose a load‐bearing delay, causing load‐bearing in each band to begin asynchronously. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2027–2034, 2019
Mid-length Pedicle Screws in Posterior Instrumentation of Scoliosis

Study Design Prospective analysis of collected data. Purpose We determine the need for the use of mid-length pedicle screws (screws with 2.5-mm long increments) during posterior spinal instrumentation. Overview of Literature Many biomechanical studies have been performed showing that increasing the pedicle screw insertion depth provides an improved resistance to pullout, cyclic loading, and derotational forces, but no intermediate length screws were used. Methods We prospectively evaluated 120 patients who received posterior segmental instrumentation for structural scoliosis. Preoperatively, 91.44-cm long cassette anteroposterior (AP), lateral, and AP bending radiographs and multiplanar computed tomography were performed in all patients routinely. We measured chord length to determine the maximum probable screw length of all vertebrae. All pedicle screws were attempted to be placed as long as possible. The main intention was at least to engage the subcortical bone of the anterior vertebral cortex. Especially in the apical region, the screws were attempted to be inserted bicortically. The length, level, region, and side of each screw were recorded. Screws with 5-mm increments were called standard length screws (SLS), and middle-sized screws with 2.5-mm increments were called mid-length screws (MLS). Results Of 2,846 pedicle screws inserted, 1,575 (55.4%) were SLS and 1,271 (44.6%) were MLS, demonstrating a need for MLS in scoliosis surgery (p<0.05). The need for MLS increased significantly in the thoracic region, apical vertebrae, and convex side (p<0.05). Conclusions If anterior cortex engagement or longer placement of pedicle screws is intended during scoliosis surgery, for safer placement, screws with 2.5-mm increments should be available in posterior instrumentation systems.
The Great East Japan Earthquake: Experiences and Suggestions for Survivors with Diabetes (perspective)

The Great East Japan Earthquake and the subsequent tsunami that occurred in the afternoon of March 11, 2011, destroyed large parts of Japan’s Tohoku district. Owing to the unfavorable living environment, many diabetic patients in the refuges lost control of their blood glucose levels, and in addition, the high-calorie food provided led to severe postprandial hyperglycemia. We recommend that diabetic patients keep personal stocks of medical supplies and the medication that they require daily, as well as records of their medication. We also recommend the creation of basic guidelines to facilitate the practical prescription of medication for diabetic patients under various conditions that may arise in the aftermath of a natural disaster.
A Survey Evaluation of the Reliability of Visual Inspection and Functional Analysis Graphs

Visual inspection is the primary method used to analyze graphed behavioral data produced by functional analyses of problem behavior. The purpose of this study was to examine rater reliability of functional analysis graphs using visual inspection. Forty-three participants responded to a one-time anonymous survey (N = 454) mailed to graduate programs accredited in applied behavior analysis (N = 11). Respondents were instructed to classify single-subject data arrays depicted in multielement graphs from published studies. Classification was based on function categories by Hagopian, Fisher, Thompson, and Owen-DeSchryver. Three indices based on overall inter-rater agreement, the consistency of individual raters across graphs, and the aggregate performance of raters per graph were calculated and compared. Results for all three indices of rater performance were moderate to low. Results confirm prior preliminary work indicating relatively low levels of reliability and are discussed in relation to research, training, and practice issues.
Listening to the voices of beginning teachers: providing meaningful administrative support is a moral act and results in increasing retention among beginning educators

The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand and "make sense" of how beginning teachers experience and define lack of principal/administrative support during their beginning years of teaching. Utilizing grounded theory as a conceptual framework, I sought to deconstruct the stories and lived experiences of nine beginning teachers across eight school districts in North Carolina and to generate substantive theory regarding the phenomena associated with principal support. Educational research around this topic has largely reported numbers and corresponding percentages related to novice teacher attrition, but little qualitative work with teachers themselves has been undertaken to deconstruct and fully understand what they classify as principal support or the lack thereof during initial employment years. Various data, reports and resulting trends, as documented by the National Commission on Teaching and America's Future (NCTAF), continue to confirm that many beginning teachers either transfer to other schools/districts to find supportive environments, or they leave the profession entirely as a result of perceiving that adequate administrative support was not provided. This study used multiple interviews and focus group sessions to capture the lived experiences of six participants who have remained in teaching but who transferred to settings where they reported having received support; it also includes stories and experiences from three teachers who left after one, two, or three years of experience for the reported reason of "lack of principal/administrative support. " This work found that matters related to presence, communication, trust, and integrity are at the heart of principal support and that novice teachers make assessments about principal support with regard to specific leadership traits and characteristics that principals embody and display within these four categories. Both the quantity and quality of interactions, experienced over time between novice teachers and their principals, form the very basis upon which beginning teachers determine and report whether or not they have experienced principal/administrative support. Similarly, these teachers' reasons for remaining in their schools, leaving their work settings, or resigning from the teaching profession emanate directly from their experiences related to principal support as defined herein. While the findings from this study cannot be generalized across larger populations of beginning teachers, they do suggest that much more qualitative work needs to be undertaken with novice teachers. Doing so would allow the profession to understand even more about the importance of principals' presence, manner and frequency of communication, trust-building, and matters related to both fostering and maintaining integrity.
All-optical regeneration in one- and two-pump parametric amplifiers using highly nonlinear optical fiber

We describe the operation of a two-pump parametric optical regenerator. It is shown that higher order parametric coupling provides optical regeneration with a high extinction ratio. Excessive spectral broadening is studied in a two-pump architecture and compared with that of the one-pump parametric regenerator. We show that the spectral widths of the higher order terms can be controlled in amplifiers by using counterphased optical pumps.
The multi-FERM-domain-containing protein FrmA is required for turnover of paxillin-adhesion sites during cell migration of Dictyostelium

FERM domain proteins, including talins, ERMs, FAK and certain myosins, regulate connections between the plasma membrane, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix. Here we show that FrmA, a Dictyostelium discoideum protein containing two talin-like FERM domains, plays a major role in normal cell shape, cell-substrate adhesion and actin cytoskeleton organisation. Using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy we show that FrmA-null cells are more adherent to substrate than wild-type cells because of an increased number, persistence and mislocalisation of paxillin-rich cell-substrate adhesions, which is associated with decreased motility. We show for the first time that talinA colocalises with paxillin at the distal ends of filopodia to form cell-substrate adhesions and indeed arrives prior to paxillin. After a period of colocalisation, talin leaves the adhesion site followed by paxillin. Whereas talinA-rich spots turnover prior to the arrival of the main body of the cell, paxillin-rich spots turn over as the main body of the cell passes over it. In FrmA-null cells talinA initially localises to cell-substrate adhesion sites at the distal ends of filopodia but paxillin is instead localised to stabilised adhesion sites at the periphery of the main cell body. This suggests a model for cell-substrate adhesion in Dictyostelium whereby the talin-like FERM domains of FrmA regulate the temporal and spatial control of talinA and paxillin at cell-substrate adhesion sites, which in turn controls adhesion and motility.
Investigation of Discretionary Lane-Change Characteristics Using Next-Generation Simulation Data Sets

In this article, we investigate discretionary lane change (DLC) characteristics using Next Generation SIMulation (NGSIM) data sets. We first develop a set of heuristic rules to automatically filter out abnormal samples from a massive trajectory data set and identify DLC trajectories from a mixture of mandatory lane change (MLC) and DLC trajectories. Then, we investigate a variety of DLC characteristics. We demonstrate that the kernel part of every normal DLC trajectory can be approximately depicted by a certain fifth-order polynomial. Moreover, we discuss the definition of begin/end points of DLC actions and show that the duration time of DLC actions follows a log-normal distribution with respect to navigation speed. All the findings can help promote temporal and spatial accuracy of lane changing models.
Aspect-oriented development of distributed object applications

It is often useful to distinguish between the definition of a core software system and features that may apply to it. A feature is an optional extension of the original system. Systems need to be adapted in order to take on new features. Distributed heterogeneous software is particularly hard to adapt for deployment in disparate execution environments. We introduce the concept of an adaptation service to coordinate crosscutting modifications to standard program components, transparently. This is achieved through Aspect-Oriented Programming. A service is made up of client- and server-side components called adaptlets. At run-time a protocol, GlueQoS, can be used to determine what adaptlets are activated. The goal is to reduce development costs associated with middleware application maintenance and deployment.
An update on therapies for the treatment of diabetes-induced osteoporosis

ABSTRACT Introduction: Currently, 424 million people aged between 20 and 79 years worldwide are diabetic. More than 25% of adults aged over 65 years in North America have Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetes-induced osteoporosis (DM-OS) is caused by chronic hyperglycemia, advanced glycated end products and oxidative stress. The increase in the prevalence of DM-OS has prompted researchers to develop new biological therapies for the management of DM-OS. Areas covered: This review covered the current and novel biological agents used in the management of DM-OS. Data were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, American Diabetes Association and International Osteoporosis Foundation websites, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The keywords for the search included: DM, osteoporosis, and management. Expert opinion: Several biological molecules have been examined in order to find efficient drugs for the treatment of DM-OS. These biological agents include anti-osteoporosis drugs: net anabolics (parathyroid hormone/analogs, androgens, calcilytics, anti-sclerostin antibody), net anti-resorptive osteoporosis drugs (calcitonin, estrogen, selective estrogen receptor modulators, bisphosphonates, RANKL antibody) and anti-diabetic drugs (alpha glucosidase inhibitors, sulfonylureas, biguanides, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones, GLP-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors, sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, insulin). Biological medications that effectively decrease hyperglycemia and, at the same time, maintain bone health would be an ideal drug/drug combination for the treatment of DM-OS.
Simultaneous Optimization of Performance and Thermal Effects Based on Two-stage Microarchitectural Floorplanning

The trends in VLSI design go toward increased component integrated density and higher power consumption. The thermal management plays a prominent role in recent years. The maximum temperature of a block in a chip depends, however, not only on its own power density, but also on the power density of the adjacent blocks. Consequently, the layout of architectural blocks, or a particular floorplan selected for a given chip, can affect the maximum temperature of the chip considerably. Our floorplanner simultaneously considers high performance, thermal reliability, area, and interconnect length and provides various tradeoff points. We use two-stage optimization in microarchitectural floorplanning so that the trade-off between performance and the thermal effects can be well controlled. An Alpha microprocessor is used as an example to demonstrate the effect of our floorplanner. The experimental results show that our floorplanner is stable which can simultaneously optimize the performance and temperature of the design.
Chromatin remodeler Ep400 ensures oligodendrocyte survival and is required for myelination in the vertebrate central nervous system

Abstract Differentiating oligodendrocytes generate myelin to ensure rapid saltatory conduction in the vertebrate central nervous system. Although oligodendroglial differentiation and myelination are accompanied by dramatic chromatin reorganizations, previously studied chromatin remodelers had only limited direct effects on the process. To study the functional significance of chromatin changes for myelination and identify relevant remodelers, we deleted Ep400, the central ATP-hydrolyzing subunit of the TIP60/EP400 complex, at defined times of mouse oligodendrocyte development. Whereas Ep400-deficient oligodendrocyte precursors develop normally, terminal differentiation and myelination are dramatically impaired. Mechanistically, Ep400 interacts with transcription factor Sox10, binds to regulatory regions of the Myrf gene and is required to induce this central transcriptional regulator of the myelination program. In addition to reduced and aberrant myelin formation, oligodendrocytes exhibit increased DNA damage and apoptosis so that numbers never reach wildtype levels during the short lifespan of Ep400-deficient mice. Ep400 deletion in already mature oligodendrocytes remains phenotypically inapparent arguing that Ep400 is dispensable for myelin maintenance. Given its essential function in myelin formation, modulation of Ep400 activity may be beneficial in conditions such as multiple sclerosis where this process is compromised.
The effects of Teflon injection on laryngeal dynamics

The dynamics of vocal fold vibration provide an objective means of evaluating the phonatory characteristics of individuals with laryngeal disorders. Glottal onset, pitch perturbation, and amplitude variation are analyzed prior to and after Teflon injection of the vocal folds in instances of unilateral vocal fold paralysis. This procedure permits a more precise determination of the potential benefit which may be derived from the operation, and may lead to an improved understanding of the relationship between the surgical treatment and subsequent phonatory capabilities of the patient.
A Balanced-to-Unbalanced Hybrid Ring With Arbitrary Power Division Ratio

This paper presents a new balanced-to-unbalanced (BTU) hybrid ring with arbitrary power division ratio. Standard S-parameters and mixed-mode S-parameters are adopted to describe the performance requirements of the BTU hybrid ring. A simple configuration composed of transmission lines is developed to achieve desired functions of the BTU hybrid ring with arbitrary power division ratio. The design equations are given to guide the design. A prototype with the power division ratio of 3:1 is designed to verify the theoretical prediction. The fabricated BTU hybrid ring is matched well for both balanced and unbalanced ports. The BTU power division with arbitrary power division ratio and high mode conversion suppression are also achieved.
Cellulose‐Based Biomimetics and Their Applications

Nature has been producing cellulose since long before man walked the surface of the earth. Millions of years of natural design and testing have resulted in cellulose‐based structures that are an inspiration for the production of synthetic materials based on cellulose with properties that can mimic natural designs, functions, and properties. Here, five sections describe cellulose‐based materials with characteristics that are inspired by gratings that exist on the petals of the plants, structurally colored materials, helical filaments produced by plants, water‐responsive materials in plants, and environmental stimuli‐responsive tissues found in insects and plants. The synthetic cellulose‐based materials described herein are in the form of fibers and films. Fascinating multifunctional materials are prepared from cellulose‐based liquid crystals and from composite cellulosic materials that combine functionality with structural performance. Future and recent applications are outlined.
Systolodiastolic variations of blood flow during central retinal vein occlusion: exploration by dynamic angiography

Background/aim: In patients with acute central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), dynamic angiography may reveal the presence of pulsatile flow (termed here pulsatile venular outflow, PVO) within first order veins (that is, the large veins). The main goal of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying PVO. Methods: 10 patients with CRVO and PVO were included. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of venous flow on dynamic angiograms allowed the correlation, temporally, of second and first order vein flow on the one hand, and venous flow and systolic cycle on the other. Results: Analysis of the time-velocity curve showed that (1) the onset of arterial systole preceded the onset of PVO by less than 0.08 seconds (n = 5); (2) PVO onset was simultaneous to the time of onset of minimal flow (Vmin) in first order veins (n = 10); (3) the time of onset of maximal flow (Vmax) in first order veins occurred 0.20–0.44 seconds after the onset of PVO (n = 6). Conclusions: During CRVO with severe reduction in blood flow, the presence of PVO is the result of the existence of a distinct haemodynamic regimen in first and second order veins. These data support the hypothesis that second order veins flow is synchronous with the arterial flow, while the delayed peak flow in first order veins may reflect the consequences of the delayed IOP curve and/or of intermittent venous compression.
Analiza czynników pierwotnych emisji akcji spółek na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych SA w Warszawie

Polska gie∏da papierów wartoÊciowych notowa∏a w ostatnich latach regres. Drastycznie spad∏a liczba emisji, co wynika∏o zarówno z wygaÊni ́cia procesów prywatyzacyjnych, jak i ograniczenia emisji spó∏ek prywatnych. Dla dalszego istnienia gie∏dy podstawowym problemem staje si ́ pozyskanie nowych spó∏ek. Celem badania jest okreÊlenie warunków sprzyjajàcych pierwotnym emisjom akcji (Initial Public Offering, IPO). Jednà z metod okreÊlenia tych czynników jest estymacja modelu probitowego. Jak wskazujà wyniki dotyczàce spó∏ek debiutujàcych na Gie∏dzie Papierów WartoÊciowych SA w Warszawie (WGPW) w latach 1992–2001, istotny wp∏yw na pierwotnà emisj ́ akcji majà wskaênik Market-to-Book, tempo wzrostu gospodarczego i inflacja. Wiek spó∏ki, jej wielkoÊç, potrzeby finansowe mierzone ex post przez inwestycje, poziom lewarowania i tempo wzrostu nie wp∏ywajà na prawdopodobieƒstwo IPO. Wyniki potwierdzajà zale ̋noÊç mi ́dzy dynamikà nowych emisji akcji a stanem koniunkturalnym gie∏dy. Oznacza to, ̋e w zachowaniu firm mo ̋na odnaleêç elementy oportunistyczne.