Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Roundhouse a security architecture for active networks

Abstract : We describe a high-assurance framework for networked clients and servers. Called Roundhouse consists of the following elements: (1) Pinkerton, a comprehensive model for the implementation of distributed protection domains that provide for robust protection in a networked environment; (2) Iron Horse: Functional and security design of a kernelized host providing essential ring-based protection, packet authentication, and cryptography services for higher layers. (3) DEPOT: Specification, design, and prototype implementation on a PC base of the framework and initial content of dynamically modifiable servers. The intent is that DEPOT clients and servers would take advantage of platform protected modes where available (e.g., Windows NT, Iron Horse) leading to client-server computing in a network of heterogeneously trusted hosts. As a general facility for installing and managing application "hooks" DEPOT incorporates the following key new ideas: (1) the division of sets of hooks by module, (2) the partial ordering of modules, (3) binding hooks to network names, and (4) provision of a run-time model of module behavior with a visible state machine model that abstracts and externalizes the dynamic behavior of that module. The architecture is unique as it composes strong and weak systems securely and permits the dynamic retooling of executing software.
A Universal Algorithm for Random-Access Compression and Applications for Annotated DNA Sequences

This article introduces a universal algorithm for creating compressed archives with instantaneous access and decodability of designated functional elements. A special-purpose variant is also given to enhance performance for DNA sequences. The resulting algorithm integrated into an earlier scheme achieves a marked improvement at the randomly accessible coding for annotated genome files, while completely retaining the functionality of instantaneous retrieval of all feature entries.
Abstract—in Supply Chain Management (scm), Strengthening

partnerships with suppliers is a significant factor for enhancing competitiveness. Hence, firms increasingly emphasize supplier evaluation processes. Supplier evaluation systems are basically developed in terms of criteria such as quality, cost, delivery, and flexibility. Because there are many variables to be analyzed, this process becomes hard to execute and needs expertise. On this account, this study aims to develop an expert system on supplier evaluation process by designing Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that is supported with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The methods are applied on the data of 24 suppliers, which have long-term relationships with a medium sized company from German Iron and Steel Industry. The data of suppliers consists of variables such as material quality (MQ), discount of amount (DOA), discount of cash (DOC), payment term (PT), delivery time (DT) and annual revenue (AR). Meanwhile, the efficiency that is generated by using DEA is added to the supplier evaluation system in order to use them as system outputs.
Evaluation of Haptic HTML Mappings Derived from a Novel Methodology

As levels of awareness surrounding accessibility increase, designers often look towards using nonvisual technologies to make existing graphical interfaces (e.g. Web pages) more inclusive. As existing haptic design guidance is not targeted to the specific needs of blind Web users, inappropriate touchable representations of graphical objects may be developed and integrated with Web interfaces, thereby reducing the quality of the browsing experience. This paper describes the evaluation of haptic HTML mappings that were developed using a participatory-design based technique, and presented using the Logitech Wingman force-feedback mouse. Findings have shown that participants were able to identify objects presented haptically, and develop a structural representation of layout from exploring content. Participants were able to perform a range of Web-based tasks that were previously found to be difficult for some blind users when using a screen reader alone. The haptic HTML mappings are presented, along with recommendations for their application derived from a validation study. The design guidance presented offers a standard reference tool for Web designers wanting to develop an accessible browsing application, using the benefits offered by a force-feedback mouse.
Simulating low frequency changes in atmospheric CO 2 during the last 740 000 years

Abstract. Atmospheric CO2 measured in Antarctic ice cores shows a natural variability of 80 to 100 ppmv during the last four glacial cycles and variations of approximately 60 ppmv in the two cycles between 410 and 650 kyr BP. We here use various paleo-climatic records from the EPICA Dome C Antarctic ice core and from oceanic sediment cores covering the last 740 kyr to force the ocean/atmosphere/biosphere box model of the global carbon cycle BICYCLE in a forward mode over this time in order to interpret the natural variability of CO2. Our approach is based on the previous interpretation of carbon cycle variations during Termination I (Kohler et al., 2005a). In the absense of a process-based sediment module one main simplification of BICYCLE is that carbonate compensation is approximated by the temporally delayed restoration of deep ocean [CO32−]. Our results match the low frequency changes in CO2 measured in the Vostok and the EPICA Dome C ice core for the last 650 kyr BP (r2≈0.75). During these transient simulations the carbon cycle reaches never a steady state due to the ongoing variability of the overall carbon budget caused by the time delayed response of the carbonate compensation to other processes. The average contributions of different processes to the rise in CO2 during Terminations I to V and during earlier terminations are: the rise in Southern Ocean vertical mixing: 36/22 ppmv, the rise in ocean temperature: 26/11 ppmv, iron limitation of the marine biota in the Southern Ocean: 20/14 ppmv, carbonate compensation: 15/7 ppmv, the rise in North Atlantic deep water formation: 13/0 ppmv, the rise in gas exchange due to a decreasing sea ice cover: −8/−7 ppmv, sea level rise: −12/−4 ppmv, and rising terrestrial carbon storage: −13/−6 ppmv. According to our model the smaller interglacial CO2 values in the pre-Vostok period prior to Termination V are mainly caused by smaller interglacial Southern Ocean SST and an Atlantic THC which stayed before MIS 11 (before 420 kyr BP) in its weaker glacial circulation mode.
The Complexity of Closed World Reasoning and Circumscription

Closed world reasoning is a common nonmonotonic technique that allows for dealing with negative information in knowledge and data bases. We present a detailed analysis of the computational complexity of the different forms of closed world reasoning for various fragments of propositional logic. The analysis allows us to draw a complete picture of the tractability/ intractability frontier for such a form of nonmonotonic reasoning. We also discuss how to use our results in order to characterize the computational complexity of other problems related to nonmonotonic inheritance, diagnosis, and default reasoning.
Intracavitary in vivo dosimetry based on multichannel fiber-coupled Radioluminescence and Optically Stimulated Luminescence of Al2O3:C

Fiber Optic Dosimetric Catheters (FODCs) composed of chains of alumina crystals are investigated by the CEA LIST within the French ANR-INTRADOSE Project in the purpose of intracavitary in vivo dosimetry (IVD) during Brachytherapy (BT) with iridium sources and Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) with linear accelerators. A dedicated process involving PMMA fibers, casted altogether forming hexagonal bundle, is demonstrated. Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) signals are recorded on-line after irradiation and absorbed doses are compared to planned dose distribution. Real-time dose measurements may also be performed by recording the RadioLuminescence (RL), spontaneously emitted by the crystals during irradiation. In this case, a correction method is implemented to correct for stem effect influence (Cerenkov and scintillation generated within the fibers). For BT, the dual-fiber subtraction method is used (using a reference fiber) whereas the time discrimination method is used for IMRT. The experimental dose distribution leads to an underestimation of the source-sensor distance presumably due to energy dependence of the alumina crystal at low photon energy. At the time being, Monte-Carlo modeling of the FODC is performed with the aim to estimate this energy dependence and finally correct for it. Finally, metrological and preclinical validations are still running at Centre Léon Bérard (Lyon, France) in the purpose of checking the compliance of the FODC prototypes with treatment specifications and medical constraints.
Effects of Information Provision in an Vertically Differentiated Market

We study the effects of consumer information on equlibrium market prices and observable product quality in the market for child care. Child care markets offer a unique opportunity to study these effects because of the existence of resource and referral agencies (R&Rs) in some markets. R&Rs provide consumers with information on availability, price, and observable characteristics of care. To understand the effects of information provision in markets like child care, we examine the effects of information provision in a model of vertical differentiation. We show conditions in which increased consumer information reduces price dispersion, maximum price, and average price. With this model we examine empirically the effects of R&Rs on the distribution of child care prices and on the distribution of staff-child ratios. We estimate separate models for the distribution of prices and staff-child ratios for infants, toddlers, preschoolers and school age children because of regulatory and care differences across age groups. We find that R&Rs have economically large and statistically significant effects on the distribution of prices for the care infants and toddlers. Geographic markets with R&Rs have significantly less price dispersion and lower maximum prices. There is also some evidence that markets with R&Rs have lower average prices.Information provision via R&Rs has no significant effects on staff-child ratios. These findings are generally consistent with search theory and support the contention that information provision can intensify price competition.
Quantifying the landscape benefits arising from the Rural Environment Protection Scheme: results from a public survey

This paper presents the main results from a sample survey of the adult population designed to measure how much they would pay for the Rural Environment Protection (REP) Scheme’s contribution to rural landscapes. The paper also reports the findings from a number of questions that were included within the survey to determine the public’s attitudes towards the rural environment, farmers and the countryside in general. Findings from these attitudinal questions reveal that there is a wide range in public opinion regarding changes in the state of the rural environment, the role of farmers as custodians of the rural environment and the relative priority of Government spending on the REP Scheme. Within the sample survey, two choice experiments estimated the magnitude of landscape benefits stemming from the REP Scheme. Results from the choice experiments indicate that the landscape improvements are highly valued by the Irish public. Conservative estimates indicate that the value put on landscape benefits of the REP scheme alone amount to almost the entire cost of the Scheme.
Streaming measurements in compressive sensing: ℓ1 filtering

The central framework for signal recovery in compressive sensing is lscr1 norm minimization. In recent years, tremendous progress has been made on algorithms, typically based on some kind of gradient descent or Newton iterations, for performing lscr1 norm minimization. These algorithms, however, are for the most part ldquostaticrdquo: they focus on finding the solution for a fixed set of measurements. In this paper, we will present a method for quickly updating the solution to some lscr1 norm minimization problems as new measurements are added. The result is an ldquolscr1 filterrdquo and can be implemented using standard techniques from numerical linear algebra. Our proposed scheme is homotopy based where we add new measurements in the system and instead of solving updated problem directly, we solve a series of simple (easy to solve) intermediate problems which lead to the desired solution.
Detecting and Reflecting Learning Activities in Personal Learning Environments

This paper presents an approach for supporting awareness and reflection of learners about their cognitive and meta-cognitive learning activities. In addition to capture and visualise observable data about the learning behaviour, this approach intends to make the leaner aware of their non-observable learning activities. A technical approach and partial implementation is described, how observable data are used to support reflection and awareness about non-observable learning activities. Basis for the technical solution is the extraction of key actions from log data of the interaction of users with resources. Furthermore, a taxonomy of learning activities derived from self-regulated learning theory is used for matching its elements with actually performed actions.
Maternal Food Provisioning in a Substrate-Brooding African Cichlid

Fish demonstrate the greatest variety of parental care strategies within the animal kingdom. Fish parents seldom provision food for offspring, with some exceptions predominantly found in substrate-brooding Central American cichlids and mouth-brooding African cichlids. Here, we provide the first evidence of food provisioning in a substrate-brooding African cichlid Neolamprologus mondabu. This fish is a maternal substrate-brooding cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika, and feeds on benthic animals using unique techniques–individuals typically feed on the surface of sandy substrates, but also expose prey by digging up substrates with vigorous wriggling of their body and fins. Young also feed on benthos on the substrate surface, but only using the first technique. We observed that feeding induced by digging accounted for 30% of total feeding bouts in adult females, demonstrating that digging is an important foraging tactic. However, parental females fed less frequently after digging than non-parental females, although both females stayed in pits created by digging for approximately 30 s. Instead, young gathered in the pit and fed intensively, suggesting that parental females provision food for young by means of digging. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the feeding frequency of young before and after digging that was simulated by hand, and observed that young doubled their feeding frequency after the simulated digging. This suggests that parental females engage in digging to uncover food items that are otherwise unavailable to young, and provision food for them at the expense of their own foraging. This behavior was similar to what has been observed in Central American cichlids.
The Effect of Information Systems on Honesty in Managerial Reporting: A Behavioral Perspective

This study examines the behavioral impact of an information system, and how that impact varies with the information system's precision, in an internal reporting environment. In order to examine behavioral effects, we do not permit the owner to contract on the system's output. We propose that a manager's reporting decisions are affected by his tradeoff of the benefits of appearing honest against the benefits of misrepresentation. An owner's information system affects the manager's tradeoff by improving the owner's ability to make an inference regarding the manager's level of honesty. Thus, to the extent that the manager perceives benefits to appearing honest, the presence of an information system can increase managerial honesty. As the information system becomes more precise, however, the manager must forego greater benefits of misrepresentation in order to achieve the same appearance of honesty. For managers under a precise system, this will shift the tradeoff decision toward the benefits of misrepresentation and away from the benefits of appearing honest. Notably, in our experiment the only benefit of appearing honest is an intrinsically-motivated desire for social approval. Our experimental results are consistent with the tradeoff notion. We find that, although the existence of an information system increases managerial honesty, honesty is lower under a precise than a coarse information system. We also compare profit earned by the owners in our experiment, which relies on a behavioral role of an information system, to the maximum profit theoretically possible given a contractual use of the information system. This comparison suggests that, unless the available information system is sufficiently precise, the owner will obtain greater profits by not contracting on its output, even if that output is fully contractible.
Competitive Performance Assessment of Dynamic Vehicle Routing Technologies Using Sequential Auctions

Technologies for a dynamic truckload pickup-and-delivery problem in a competitive environment by use of sequential auctions are compared. In this environment, demands arrive randomly over time and are described by pickup-and-delivery locations and hard time windows. On demand arrival, carriers compete for the loads in a second-price auction. Four fleet assignment technologies with different degrees of sophistication are tested with simulations. The technologies differ in how they deal with the combinatorial and stochastic elements of the online problem. A one-step look-ahead dynamic vehicle routing technology that tries to estimate the impacts of current decisions on serving future loads (not yet arrived) is introduced. The performance of each technology is analyzed in relation to different demand characteristics.
Clearing the Clouds: A Study of Emerging Workloads on Modern Hardware

Emerging scale-out cloud applications need extensive amounts of computational resources. However, data centers using modern server hardware face physical constraints in space and power, limiting further expansion and calling for improvements in the computational density per server and in the per-operation energy use. Therefore, continuing to improve the computational resources of the cloud while staying within physical constraints mandates optimizing server efficiency to ensure that server hardware closely matches the needs of scale-out cloud applications. We use performance counters on modern servers to study a wide range of cloud applications, finding that today’s predominant processor architecture is inefficient for running these workloads. We find that inefficiency comes from the mismatch between the application needs and modern processors, particularly in the organization of instruction and data memory systems and the processor core architecture. Moreover, while today’s predominant architectures are inefficient when executing scale-out cloud applications, we find that the current hardware trends further exacerbate the mismatch. In this work, we identify the key micro-architectural needs of cloud applications, calling for a change in the trajectory of server processors that would lead to improved computational density and power efficiency in data centers.
Spurious free dynamic range for a digitizing array

The paper addresses the problem of improving the spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) for digitization by use of sensor arrays. Nonlinearities in the analog-to-digital conversion process give rise to spurious signals (harmonics and intermodulation products) that limit the overall SFDR of the digitization process. When the signal of interest arises from a sensor, such as an antenna or hydrophone, the paper addresses the question of whether array processing (i.e., use of multiple sensors) can improve the resulting SFDR at the beamformer output. The paper argues that significant improvements can be obtained using linear, or more effectively, optimal (minimum variance distortionless response) beamforming.
Cardiovascular Actions and Therapeutic Potential of Tetramethylpyrazine (Active Component Isolated from Rhizoma Chuanxiong): Roles and Mechanisms

Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), a pharmacologically active component isolated from the rhizome of the Chinese herb Rhizoma Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong), has been clinically used in China and Southeast Asian countries for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) for about fifty years. The pharmacological effects of TMP on the cardiovascular system have attracted great interest. Emerging experimental studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that TMP prevents atherosclerosis as well as ischemia-reperfusion injury. The cardioprotective effects of TMP are mainly related to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or calcium-homeostasis effects. This review focuses on the roles and mechanisms of action of TMP in the cardiovascular system and provides a novel perspective on TMP's clinical use.
Kinect camera sensor-based object tracking and following of four wheel independent steering automatic guided vehicle using Kalman filter

This paper presents a Kinect camera sensor-based object tracking and following system for the four wheel independent steering automatic guided vehicle (4WIS-AGV) using Kalman filter and backstepping control method. To accomplish this task, the following steps are executed: Firstly, a blue colored object is detected by the Kinect camera sensor using a color-based object detection method and its center coordinates inside the RGB image frames are obtained. The global position coordinates of the detected object and the 4WIS-AGV are obtained using Kinect depth data and NAV200 navigation system. Secondly, a Kalman filter is used to estimate the global position and velocity coordinates of the detected moving object. Thirdly, a backstepping control method using Lyapunov function is adopted for the 4WIS-AGV to perform the object following task. Finally, simulation and experiment are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system. The results show that the 4WIS-AGV with Kinect camera sensor can follow the moving object well with the designed controller.
An analysis of XSS, CSRF and SQL injection in colombian software and web site development

Software development and web applications have become fundamental in our lives. Millions of users access these applications to communicate, obtain information and perform transactions. However, these users are exposed to many risks; commonly due to the developer’s lack of experience in security protocols. Although there are many researches about web security and hacking protection, there are plenty of vulnerable websites. This article focuses in analyzing 3 main hacking techniques: XSS, CSRF, and SQL Injection over a representative group of Colombian websites. Our goal is to obtain information about how Colombian companies and organizations give (or not) relevance to security; and how the final user could be affected. CCS Concepts •Software and its engineering → Software reliability;