Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clustered Graph Matching for Label Recovery and Graph Classiﬁcation

—Many two-sample network hypothesis testing methodologies operate under the implicit assumption that the vertex correspondence across networks is a priori known. In this paper, we consider the degradation of power in two-sample graph hypothesis testing when there are misaligned/label-shufﬂed vertices across networks. In the context of random dot product and stochastic block model networks, we theoretically explore the power loss due to shufﬂing for a pair of hypothesis tests based on Frobenius norm differences between estimated edge probability matrices or between adjacency matrices. The loss in testing power is further reinforced by numerous simulations and experiments, both in the stochastic block model and in the random dot product graph model, where we compare the power loss across multiple recently proposed tests in the literature. Lastly, we demonstrate the impact that shufﬂing can have in real-data testing in a pair of examples from neuroscience and from social network analysis.
University of Birmingham Tracking genomic cancer evolution for precision medicine : the lung TRACERx study

: The importance of in-tratumour genetic and functional heterogeneity is increasingly recognised as a driver of cancer progression and survival outcome. Understanding how tumour clonal heterogeneity impacts upon therapeutic outcome, however, is still an area of unmet clinical and scientific need. TRACERx (TRAcking non-small cell lung Cancer Evolution through therapy [Rx]), a prospective study of patients with primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), aims to define the evolutionary trajectories of lung cancer in both space and time through multire-gion and longitudinal tumour sampling and genetic analysis. By following cancers from diagnosis to relapse, tracking the evolutionary trajectories of tumours in relation to therapeutic interventions, and determining the impact of clonal heterogeneity on clinical outcomes, TRACERx may help to identify novel therapeutic targets for NSCLC and may also serve as a model applicable to other cancer types.
Axis-Shifted Machines With Hybrid Rotors Considering Forward and Reverse Operations

In this article, a permanent synchronous machine with hybrid rotors is designed to increase the torque density of the machine. The hybrid rotor consists of two axially parallel parts. One provides the reluctance torque of the machine, and the other increases the permanent magnet torque of the machine. By offsetting the permanent magnet torque part of the hybrid rotor, the permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque of the machine is maximized at the same current angle so that the total electromagnetic torque is increased significantly. A slider was further added to the hybrid rotor to improve the reverse rotation torque performance. By using the slider, the electromagnetic torque in the forward operation conditions is further strengthened, and the reverse torque is also improved at all current angles. Finally, using finite element analysis, it is found that the proposed hybrid rotor structure with slides can provide better torque performances in both forward and reverse operations compared to the traditional interior rotor.
The Insufficiency of Traditional Safety Nets: What Bank Resolution Fund for Europe?

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyze the rationale for Bank Recovery and Resolution Funds (BRRFs) in the context of the present European Union's (EU) decentralized safety net. Design/methodology/approach - The paper makes some reflections on the governance aspects of BRRFs that would require minimum harmonization in the EU, emphasizing that BRRFs are only one institutional component of financial institutions' effective and credible resolution regime. This paper focuses on depository institutions, but the rationale of BRRFs could be extended to other credit institutions. Findings - BRRFs contribute to shifting the government's trade-off between bailing out and restructuring in favour of restructuring, to the extent that there is also an effective bank resolution legal framework. In turn, banks' contributions to BRRFs aim at discouraging their excess systemic risk creation, particularly through financial system leverage. Originality/value - The paper provides input in the current regulatory debate to develop new measures for the reform of the regulatory framework of financial services in the EU.
Edinburgh Research Explorer A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of epigenetic age acceleration

’Epigenetic age acceleration’ is a valuable biomarker of ageing, predictive of morbidity and mortality, but for which the underlying biological mechanisms are not well established. Two commonly used measures, derived from DNA methylation, are Horvath-based (Horvath-EAA) and Hannum-based (Hannum-EAA) epigenetic age
Current Status of Genetically Modi�ed Crops in Iran and the world: Overview of Production and Consumption Challenges

Transgenic technologies expanded in many countries regarding the nutritional needs of the increasing population. There are, however, some concerns about possible risks in growing genetically modi�ed (GM) food such as threats of biodiversity and food allergies making it a challenge. This study aimed at examining the economic effects and political scopes of GM food in the production sector and policies made by different countries in the world and Iran. Moreover, essential (practical and legal) solutions and guidelines for GM food production and consumption are provided, which are useful for governmental entities and Iranian politicians and consumers' rights. transgenic technology has been accepted by high-rank farmers to produce genetically modi�ed crops due to an increase in net pro�t caused by improved yield in spite of the high cost of transgenic seeds. Among 11 countries producing GM crops in the world in 2018, the USA is the �rst country followed by Brazil and Argentina at second and third ranks. In 2018, 78, 76, 30 and 29% of soybean, cotton, corn and canola production areas respectively were under cultivation of GM varieties. Although Iran has been one of the leading Asian countries not only in the �eld of transfer of technical knowledge of genetic engineering, but also in the development of specialized knowledge of biosafety, and despite the production of several transgenic plant lines by Iranian researchers, no GM crop has obtained release and cultivation license except for genetically modi�ed rice that its growing process was banned after government change. This study implies that GM crops growing and production process does not follow the global trend owing to scienti�c and legal infrastructures.
Analysis of Protein Oxidative Modiﬁcations in Follicular Fluid from Fertile Women: Natural Versus Stimulated Cycles

: Oxidative stress is associated with obstetric complications during ovarian hyperstimulation in women undergoing in vitro fertilization. The follicular ﬂuid contains high levels of proteins, which are the main targets of free radicals. The aim of this work was to determine speciﬁc biomarkers of non-enzymatic oxidative modiﬁcations of proteins from follicular ﬂuid in vivo, and the effect of ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins on these biomarkers. For this purpose, 27 fertile women underwent both a natural and a stimulated cycle. The biomarkers, glutamic semialdehyde (GSA), aminoadipic semialdehyde (AASA), N ε -(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), and N ε -(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), were measured by gas-liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Results showed that follicular ﬂuid contained products of protein modiﬁcations by direct metal-catalyzed oxidation (GSA and AASA), glycoxidation (CML and CEL), and lipoxidation (CML). GSA was the most abundant biomarker (91.5%). The levels of CML amounted to 6% of the total lesions and were higher than AASA (1.3%) and CEL (1.2%). In the natural cycle, CEL was signiﬁcantly lower ( p < 0.05) than in the stimulated cycle, suggesting that natural cycles are more protected against protein glycoxidation. These ﬁndings are the basis for further research to elucidate the possible relevance of this follicular biomarker of advanced glycation end product in fertility programs.
Reﬁning Coarse Manual Segmentations with Stable Probability Regions

Most feature-based lesion detection and computer-aided diagnosis methods for medical images require representative data of each region of interest (ROI) for parameter selection. Furthermore, the spatial accuracy of the segmentation of the ROIs from the background can signiﬁcantly aﬀect certain image features extracted from the ROIs. However, requiring spatially accurate manual segmentations of the ROIs to be used as the ground truth is infeasible for large image sets due to the amount of manual work involved. To relax the requirement of spatial accuracy and to enable spatial reﬁnement of coarse manual segmentations to have more representative feature data, a method based on color information and maximally stable extremal regions of lesion likelihoods is presented. The proposed method is quantitatively compared to several segmentation approaches by using a challenging set of retinal images with spatially accurate ground truth of exudates. The experiments show that the proposed method produces good results measured as Dice coeﬃcients between the reﬁned segmentation and ground truth.
Comparison of rainfall nowcasting derived from the STEPS model and JMA precipitation nowcasts

Quantitative precipitation estimation and precipitation nowcasting are important components of systems that aim at minimizing or managing flash flooding. This study used the Short Term Ensemble Prediction System (STEPS), one of the most advanced Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF) systems currently available. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) radar rainfall data (1-km resolution) from the Kanto region, Japan, covering various periods, were used in STEPS to generate ensemble nowcasts of rainfall. Hourlong 30-member-ensemble rainfall nowcasts were generated for five separate rainfall events using 5-minute time steps. The ensemble nowcasts were verified using radar rainfall data, and the results showed that the STEPS forecasts are in good agreement with the observed data for forecast periods of <1 hour. To check the performance of the STEPS model output in more detail, it was compared with JMA precipitation nowcast data, and both nowcasting datasets were also compared separately with rain gauge data. The skill scores suggest that STEPS generates more accurate nowcasts, especially for higher-intensity rainfall events. Combining all members of the STEPS nowcasting results appears to improve the reliability of short-term rainfall prediction, and the output of such ensemble nowcasts could be used in hydrological models to generate probabilistic forecasts in the future.
Group versus Individual Liability: Long Term Evidence from Philippine Microcredit Lending Groups

Group liability in microcredit purports to improve repayment rates through peer screening, monitoring, and enforcement. However, it may create excessive pressure, and discourage reliable clients from borrowing. Two randomized trials tested the overall effect, as well as specific mechanisms. The first removed group liability from pre-existing groups and the second randomly assigned villages to either group or individual liability loans. In both, groups still held weekly meetings. We find no increase in default and larger groups after three years in pre-existing areas, and no change in default but fewer groups created after two years in the expansion areas. and seminar and several conference participants for comments on this project. We thank John Owens and the USAID/Philippines Microenterprise Access to Banking Services Program team for helping us coordinate the project and the Office of Population Studies at University of San Carlos for collaborating on the field work. We also thank Genevieve DeGuzman, Tomoko Harigaya, and Melissa Scudo for superb research assistance. We thank Omar Andaya, Gerald Guillen, Zaldy Mantilla, Monette Perez, and the field staff of Green Bank for implementing the experimental protocols.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Automated PDF highlighting to support faster curation of literature for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease are devastating and costly illnesses, a source of major global burden. In order to provide successful interventions for patients and reduce costs, both causes and pathological processes need to be understood. The ApiNATOMY project aims to contribute to our understanding of neurodegenerative disorders by manually curating and abstracting data from the vast body of literature amassed on these illnesses. As curation is labour-intensive, we aimed to speed up the process by automatically highlighting those parts of the PDF document of primary importance to the curator. Using techniques similar to those of summarisation, we developed an algorithm that relies on linguistic, semantic and spatial features. Employing this algorithm on a test set manually corrected for tool imprecision
Characteristics of tin‐streaming channels on Dartmoor, UK

The remnants of former tin-streaming channels on the North Teign River, Dartmoor have been investigated using techniques adopted from palaeohydrology, sedimentology, and environmental chemistry. the pattern of multiple streaming channels in the lower reaches, and a single channel in the upper reaches coincides with a reduction of potential stream power from 250 Wm−2 at a drainage area of 8.7 km2. the streaming sections were engineered to maximize the efficiency to separate cassiterite (SnO2) from its gravel matrix, and the palaeohydraulic properties of channels suggests that sorting was most efficient for the sand and fine gravel size ranges. This was confirmed when the residual tin content of streaming-sediments was assessed. Residual levels of tin were found only in the silt fraction (<63 μm).
Association of tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures with the stratospheric Holton‐Tan Oscillation in the Northern Hemisphere winter

Based on 45 years of the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting ERA‐40 reanalysis dataset and the NOAA Extended Reconstructed sea surface temperature (SST) data, the associated anomalies in the stratospheric Holton‐Tan Oscillation (HTO) with the tropical eastern Pacific SST in the Northern Hemisphere winter are investigated. It is found that the HTO, which is induced by equatorial quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO), is significant in the cold SST phase, but the HTO becomes much weaker in the warm SST phase. The conventional QBO modulation on the planetary wave propagation in the stratosphere is only significant when the SST anomaly is cold in the tropical eastern Pacific. However, the modulation tends to be weak when the SST anomaly is warm. It is suggested that this difference may arise from the interaction between the tropical eastern Pacific SST‐ and the QBO‐associated planetary wave propagation.
Reliability of the Myotonometer for Assessment of Posterior Reliability of the Myotonometer for Assessment of Posterior Shoulder Tightness Shoulder Tightness

Background/Purpose: The Myotonometer® is an electronic tissue compliance meter that has been used to quantify the compliance of soft tissues. The Myotonometer® may be a valuable tool to measure the effectiveness of interventions commonly used to increase tissue compliance in individuals with posterior shoulder tightness (PST). Limited data exist on reliability and responsiveness of the Myotonometer® for assessment of soft tissues about the shoulder; therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the intra-and inter-session reliability and responsiveness of the Myotonometer® in measuring tissue compliance of the posterior shoulder musculature in asymptomatic subjects with PST. Methods: Fifteen asymptomatic subjects with unilateral shoulder range of motion deficits attended two measurement sessions to assess the compliance of the tissues overlying the posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, and teres musculature. Analyses of reliability and responsiveness were conducted using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and the determination of minimal detectible change (MDC). Results: Intra-session ICC values ranged from 0.69 to 0.91 for all muscles with MDC never exceeding 1.0 mm. Inter-session ICC values were best for the posterior deltoid, which averaged 0.82, compared to the infraspinatus and the teres complex, which averaged 0.42 and 0.5 respectively. Inter-session MDC ranged from 0.55 to 1.20 mm across all muscles. Conclusions: Clinicians can reliably detect relatively small changes in tissue compliance within a single treatment session utilizing the Myotonometer®. The Myotonometer® can reliably detect changes between sessions for tissues overlying the posterior deltoid; however, observed change in the infraspinatus and teres musculature must be above 1 mm to achieve meaningful change and account for decreased inter-session reliability.
The connectivity of pore space in mudstones: insights from high-pressure Wood's metal injection, BIB-SEM imaging, and mercury intrusion porosimetry

Study of the pore space in mudstones by mercury intrusion porosimetry is a common but indirect technique and it is not clear which part of the pore space is actually filled with mercury. We studied samples from the Opalinus Clay, Boom Clay, Haynesville Shale, and Bossier Shale Formations using Wood’s metal injection at 316 MPa, followed by novel ion beam polishing and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. This method allowed us to analyze at high resolution which parts of a rock are intruded by the liquid alloy at mm to cm scale. Results from the Opalinus Clay and Haynesville Shale show Wood’s Metal in cracks, but the majority of the pore space is not filled although mercury intrusion data suggests that this is the case. In the silt-rich Boom Clay sample, the majority of the pore space was filled Wood’s metal, with unfilled islands of smaller pores. Bossier Shale shows heterogeneous impregnation with local filling of pores as small as 10 nm. We infer that mercury intrusion data from these samples is partly due to crack filling and compression of the sample. This compaction is caused by effective stress developed by mercury pressure and capillary resistance; it can close small pore throats, prevent injection of the liquid metal, and indicate an apparent porosity. Our results suggest that many published MIP data on mudstones could contain serious artifacts and reliable metal intrusion porosimetry requires a demonstration that the metal has entered the pores, for example by Wood’s metal injection, broad ion beam polishing, and scanning electron microscopy.
European Journal of Educational Management

: In this research, it has been aimed to determine the relationship between teachers’ perception of organizational trust and innovative behaviours. The relational survey model was used in this study. The universe of the research has been constituted teachers in Şırnak province. The sample of the study has been formed of 151 teachers working in 35 schools, which were detachedly determined from the study universe. The data of the research have been gathered by “Individual Knowledge Form”, “Organizational Trust Scale” and “Innovative Behaviour Scale”. Descriptive analyses, correlation, reliability analysis and regression analyses have been performed to the data by the help of SPSS programme. Results of the regression analyses showed that participant teachers’ perception of organizational trust significantly predicts their innovative behaviour. While trust in administrator and trust in shareholders dimensions of organizational trust predict innovative behaviour of teachers, on the other hand, trust in colleagues dimension doesn’t predict teachers’ innovative behaviours significantly. For school administrators who would like to encourage teachers to exhibit innovative behaviours, it would be beneficial to keep the perception of organizational trust at school at high levels.
Productivity as if space mattered: an application to factor markets across China

Optimal production decisions depend on local market characteristics. This paper develops a model to explain firm labor demand and firm density across regions. Firms vary in their technology to combine imperfectly substitutable worker types, and locate across regions with distinct distributions of workers and wages. Firm technologies which best match regional labor markets explain both productivity differences and firm density. Estimating structural model parameters is simple and relies on a two stage OLS procedure. The first stage estimates local market conditions using firm employment and regional data, while the second incorporates regional costs into production function estimation. The method is applied to Chinese manufacturing, population census and geographic data to estimate local market costs and production technologies. In line with the model, we find that labor markets which provide cost advantages explain substantial differences in firm productivity. Furthermore, regions which have lower optimal hiring costs attract more firms per capita.
Determinants of the real impact of banking crises

We examine which variables are robust in explaining cross-country di ﬀ erences in the real costs of banking crises. We identify 21 variables frequently used as determinants of the severity of banking crises. After a discussion of ﬁ ve measures based on cumulative output (or output growth) lost after a banking crisis, we examine the drivers of the real impact of banking crises for two preferred measures. Our results suggest that ﬁ xed investment and ﬁ nancial openness a ﬀ ect losses in output levels, while ﬁ xed investment, the current account balance, liquidity support, monetary policy and ﬁ nancial freedom a ﬀ ect losses in output growth after banking crises.
Karakteristik briket ampas tebu (bagasse) dari bahan perekat tepung beras ketan

Energy requirements are increasing with the increased of human activities that use either fossil fuel or biofuel. Biomass can be utilised as an alternative energy source in the form of briquettes. This study aims to increase the utilization of bagasse through the manufacture of briquettes using glutinous rice flour as the adhesive. Research variables include moisture content, ash content, destruction index, burning time and calorific value. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with variations in the concentration of glutinous rice flour 20%, 30%, and 40%. The results showed that the water content ranged from 5.85% - 7.65%. Ash content ranged from 6.44 to 8.14%. The destruction index was 0.24 – 0.65%. the burning time was between 124.67 -155 minutes, and the calorific value produced from bagasse briquettes was 7069.8 – 9759.3 cal/gram. The calorific value tend to decreased as the concentration of the adhesive was increased
Performance Portability Evaluation of Blocked Stencil Computations on GPUs

In this new era where multiple GPU vendors are leading the supercomputing landscape, and multiple programming models are available to users, the drive to achieve performance portability across platforms faces new challenges. Consider stencil algorithms, where architecture-specific solutions are required to optimize for the parallelism hierarchy and memory hierarchy of emerging systems. In this work, we analyze performance portability of the BrickLib domain-specific library and vector code generator for stencils. BrickLib employs fine-grain data blocking to reduce the large amount of data movement associated with stencils. We compare different GPUs (NVIDIA, AMD and Intel) and their associated programming models (CUDA, HIP and SYCL). By testing a wide range of stencil configurations, we show that overall, BrickLib achieves good performance independent of machine or programming model. Moreover, we introduce correlation models as a new tool for comparing architectures and programming models from Roofline model data.