Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chemoprevention of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer with Systemic Retinoids: Practical Dosing and Management of Adverse Effects

BACKGROUND In patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer that is high risk or characterized by numerous tumors, chemoprevention with systemic retinoids may effectively decrease the number of new tumors whereas the chemosuppressive effects may reduce the risk of recurrence or disease progression. A patient's intolerance of the mucocutaneous effects of retinoid therapy or abnormal laboratory findings may hamper continuous therapy. OBJECTIVE To present a method for optimizing tolerance of systemic retinoids for chemoprevention and for monitoring and managing adverse events. METHODS After reviewing the data on the use of systemic retinoids for chemoprevention, we developed a simplified approach for administering oral retinoids for chemoprevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer as well as basic guidelines for the prevention and management of adverse effects and appropriate laboratory monitoring. RESULTS Chemoprevention with systemic retinoids in patients with a history of numerous tumors or high-risk skin cancer can be optimized with graduated dose escalation and preventive strategies for the most common adverse effects. Routine laboratory monitoring may assist in detecting adverse effects, which can be managed in most cases. CONCLUSION In our experience, the effective use of systemic retinoids for chemoprevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer in high-risk patients can be optimized through a standardized, proactive approach.
An Ultrasonic Multiple-Access Ranging Core Based on Frequency Shift Keying Towards Indoor Localization

This paper describes a new approach and implementation methodology for indoor ranging based on the time difference of arrival using code division multiple access with ultrasound signals. A novel implementation based on a field programmable gate array using finite impulse response filters and an optimized correlation demodulator implementation for ultrasound orthogonal signals is developed. Orthogonal codes are modulated onto ultrasound signals using frequency shift keying with carrier frequencies of 24.5 kHz and 26 kHz. This implementation enhances the possibilities for real-time, embedded and low-power tracking of several simultaneous transmitters. Due to the high degree of parallelism offered by field programmable gate arrays, up to four transmitters can be tracked simultaneously. The implementation requires at most 30% of the available logic gates of a Spartan-6 XC6SLX45 device and is evaluated on accuracy and precision through several ranging topologies. In the first topology, the distance between one transmitter and one receiver is evaluated. Afterwards, ranging analyses are applied between two simultaneous transmitters and one receiver. Ultimately, the position of the receiver against four transmitters using trilateration is also demonstrated. Results show enhanced distance measurements with distances ranging from a few centimeters up to 17 m, while keeping a centimeter-level accuracy.
T Cell-Dendritic Cell Immunological Synapses Contain TCR-dependent CD28-CD80 Clusters That Recruit Protein Kinase Cθ1

Short-lived TCR microclusters and a longer-lived protein kinase Cθ-focusing central supramolecular activation cluster (cSMAC) have been defined in model immunological synapses (IS). In different model systems, CD28-mediated costimulatory interactions have been detected in microclusters, the cSMAC, or segregated from the TCR forming multiple distinct foci. The relationship between TCR and costimulatory molecules in the physiological IS of T cell-dendritic cell (DC) is obscure. To study the dynamic relationship of CD28-CD80 and TCR interactions in the T cell-DC IS during Ag-specific T cell activation, we generated CD80-eCFP mice using bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic technology. In splenic DCs, endogenous CD80 and CD80-eCFP localized to plasma membrane and Golgi apparatus, and CD80-eCFP was functional in vivo. In the OT-II T cell-DC IS, multiple segregated TCR, CD80, and LFA-1 clusters were detected. In the T cell-DC synapse CD80 clusters were colocalized with CD28 and PKCθ, a characteristic of the cSMAC. Acute blockade of TCR signaling with anti-MHC Ab resulted in a rapid reduction in Ca2+ signaling and the number and size of the CD80 clusters, a characteristic of TCR microclusters. Thus, the T cell-DC interface contains dynamic costimulatory foci that share characteristics of microclusters and cSMACs.
An Empirical Model of Radiation Belt Electron Pitch Angle Distributions Based On Van Allen Probes Measurements

Based on over 4 years of Van Allen Probes measurements, an empirical model of radiation belt electron equatorial pitch angle distribution (PAD) is constructed. The model, developed by fitting electron PADs with Legendre polynomials, provides the statistical PADs as a function of L‐shell (L = 1–6), magnetic local time, electron energy (~30 keV to 5.2 MeV), and geomagnetic activity (represented by the Dst index) and is also the first empirical PAD model in the inner belt and slot region. For megaelectron volt electrons, model results show more significant day‐night PAD asymmetry of electrons with higher energies and during disturbed times, which is caused by geomagnetic field configuration and flux radial gradient changes. Steeper PADs with higher fluxes around 90° pitch angle and lower fluxes at lower pitch angles for higher‐energy electrons and during active times are also present, which could be due to electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave scattering. For hundreds of kiloelectron volt electrons, cap PADs are generally present in the slot region during quiet times and their energy‐dependent features are consistent with hiss wave scattering, while during active times, cap PADs are less significant especially at outer part of slot region, which could be due to the complex energizing and transport processes. The 90°‐minimum PADs are persistently present in the inner belt and appear in the slot region during active times, and minima at 90° pitch angle are more significant for electrons with higher energies, which could be a critical evidence in identifying the underlying physical processes responsible for the formation of 90°‐minimum PADs.
FCGR2B gene polymorphism rather than FCGR2A, FCGR3A and FCGR3B is associated with anti-GBM disease in Chinese.

BACKGROUND The Fcgamma receptors play important roles in anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody disease (anti-GBM disease) in animal models, and FCGR gene polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with numerous human autoimmune diseases. We aimed to clarify the genetic association of FCGR gene polymorphisms with anti-GBM disease in Chinese patients. METHODS A total of 48 patients with anti-GBM disease and 225 geographically and ethnically matched healthy controls were involved. Genotyping of the previously identified polymorphisms FCGR2A131H/R (rs1801274), FCGR2B 232I/T (rs1050501) and FCGR3A176F/V (rs396991) were detected by the TaqMan genotyping assay and FCGR3B NA1/2 by the PCR-sequence specific primer (SSP). Allele type, genotype and haplotype of identified polymorphisms were analysed between patients and controls. RESULTS Our results revealed that FCGR2A131H/R, FCGR3A176F/V and FCGR3B NA1/2 were not associated with anti-GBM disease. The frequency of the FCGR2B 232T allele (30.2% versus 15.6%, corrected P = 0.00028, 95% CI: 1.42-3.89) and genotypes of I232T (60.4% versus 31.1%, corrected P = 0.0004, 95% CI: 1.78-6.43) was significantly increased in patients compared with controls. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates the genetic association of polymorphism of FCGR2B (I232T) with susceptibility to anti-GBM disease in Chinese.
An Approach to Construct and Parse the OWL-Based Service Ontology

In recent years, Semantic Web Service technology has gradually become the hot issue of academia and industry, for it can annotate web service with semantic information to realize the automatic discovery, automatic composition and invocation. However, nowadays there is lack of ontology used to describe the semantic information of web service directly, which results in the no basis and hard operation of semantic annotation of web service. With the purpose to resolve the problems above, this paper proposes a service ontology system based on OWL. It concentrates on describing the Web Service, and especially with great emphasis describes the semantic information of web-service’s categories, functions, input/output and so on, which will support to annotate web service clearly; Meanwhile, this paper presents an approach to parse service ontology, providing the basis to realize automatic machine readability and understandability of web service.
Haemato-Biochemical Profile of Yankasa Rams Fed Varying Levels of Panicum maximum Concentrate Mix under Intensive Feedlot in Southwestern Nigeria

Background: Paucity of information on the effect of feeding varying proportions of grass and concentrate supplements on the blood constituents of Yankasa rams exist in sub humid zone of Nigeria. Method: Twenty yearling Yankasa rams of an average body weight of 21.33 ± 0.50 Kg were evaluated for haematological and biochemical constituents. Basal diet of Panicum maximum fodder replaced by concentrate mix at 0 (Treatment 1, T1), 0.5 (Treatment 2, T2), 1.0 (Treatment 3, T3), 1.5 (Treatment 4, T4) and 2.0% (Treatment 5, T5) body weight of rams were fed in a randomized complete block design for 84 days. The amount of feed offered was adjusted weekly based on average body weight from the preceding week. Results: Mean values of packed cell volume (PCV), and red blood cell in T5 (32.08 ± 0.3% and10.17 ± 0.21 × 106 μL respectively) were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of other treatments with T1 having the least values. The values for mean corpuscular volume mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration also followed the same trend. The value of white blood cells of T1 was not significantly (p>0.05) different from T2 to T5. Biochemical parameters showed that values of total protein (TP), albumin (alb), globulin (glb), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in T1 were significantly reduced when compared to other treatments except T3 which showed no difference to control in TG values. Treatment 1 recorded an increase in high density lipoprotein but statistically (p>0.05) similar values (45.17 ± 0.66 mg dl-1) were observed when compared with the other treatments. Conclusion: Health status using haemato-biochemical parameters indicated concentrate mix at 2.0% body weight of rams as the most acceptable supplement level for Yankasa rams.
Parameter estimation for space surveillance based on sparse reconstruction

Responding to the severe threat to the space activities from increasing low earth orbit (LEO) space debris, orbital object surveillance and cataloguing based on ground-based radar has arouse much attention from the world. However, the success of the space debris surveillance system strongly depends on the performance of parameter estimation of the radar system. This paper presents a novel method for space debris’ motion parameter estimation based on the famous fence-type space surveillance radar system. Based on the observation that orbital debris are sparsely distributed in the observed fence, we formulate this problem as a sparse signal reconstruction problem with respect to an overcomplete dictionary, defined using three motion parameters. Simulation results show that the proposed method provides high estimation performance, which is robust to low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and exhibits super-resolution properties.
Discrete Event Simulation Enabled High Level Emulation of a Distribution Centre

Emulation facilitates the testing of control systems through the use of a simulation model. Typically emulation has focused on low level control, to ensure that resources within a system are commissioned correctly. Higher level control that deals with complex issues such as throughput, in-system time and stacking, has not received as much attention. In this paper, a higher level agent-based emulation framework was proposed. Then an emulation model for a distribution centre is described that can test distribution centre level algorithms directly. This methodology also allows playback of real world operations, making it an ideal tool to analyse problems with performance of commissioned systems.
Output Sum of Transducers: Limiting Distribution and Periodic Fluctuation

As a generalization of the sum of digits function and other digital sequences, sequences defined as the sum of the output of a transducer are asymptotically analyzed. The input of the transducer is a random integer in $[0, N)$. Analogues in higher dimensions are also considered. Sequences defined by a certain class of recursions can be written in this framework. Depending on properties of the transducer, the main term, the periodic fluctuation and an error term of the expected value and the variance of this sequence are established. The periodic fluctuation of the expected value is H\"older continuous and, in many cases, nowhere differentiable. A general formula for the Fourier coefficients of this periodic function is derived. Furthermore, it turns out that the sequence is asymptotically normally distributed for many transducers. As an example, the abelian complexity function of the paperfolding sequence is analyzed. This sequence has recently been studied by Madill and Rampersad.
Using Plan Reasoning in the Generation of Plan Descriptions

Previous work on the generation of natural language descriptions of complex activities has indicated that the unwieldy amount of text needed to describe complete plans makes for ineffective and unnatural descriptions. We argue here that concise and effective text descriptions of plans can be generated by exploiting a model of the hearer's plan reasoning capabilities. We define a computational model of the hearer's interpretation process that views the interpretation of plan descriptions as refinement search through a space of partial plans. This model takes into account the hearer's plan preferences and the resource limitations on her reasoning capabilities to determine the completed plans she will construct from a given partial description.
MBus: A fully synthesizable low-power portable interconnect bus for millimeter-scale sensor systems

This paper presents a fully synthesizable low power interconnect bus for millimeter-scale wireless sensor nodes. A segmented ring bus topology minimizes the required chip real estate with low input/output pad count for ultra-small form factors. By avoiding the conventional open drain-based solution, the bus can be fully synthesizable. Low power is achieved by obviating a need for local oscillators in member nodes. Also, aggressive power gating allows low-power standby mode with only 53 gates powered on. An integrated wakeup scheme is compatible with a power management unit that has nW standby mode. A 3-module system including the bus is fabricated in a 180 nm process. The entire system consumes 8 nW in standby mode, and the bus achieves 17.5 pJ/bit/chip.
A design of analog C-matrix circuits used for signal/data processing

Various calculations of matrices and vectors are used in many digital signal processing systems. Although the calculation simply repeats multiplication and addition, the reiteration processing is usually heavy. Therefore, in order to perform the calculations with high speed, it is necessary to apply parallel precessing. Although there is an issue with increased circuit area in the case of digital LSI, the proposed analog circuit can realize multiplication and addition simultaneously with a simple structure which arranges capacitors in a matrix form. Furthermore, a vowel speech recognition system is designed using this circuit.
Computing semantic relatedness from human navigational paths on Wikipedia

This paper presents a novel approach for computing semantic relatedness between concepts on Wikipedia by using human navigational paths for this task. Our results suggest that human navigational paths provide a viable source for calculating semantic relatedness between concepts on Wikipedia. We also show that we can improve accuracy by intelligent selection of path corpora based on path characteristics indicating that not all paths are equally useful. Our work makes an argument for expanding the existing arsenal of data sources for calculating semantic relatedness and to consider the utility of human navigational paths for this task.
Roller-massager application to the quadriceps and knee-joint range of motion and neuromuscular efficiency during a lunge.

CONTEXT Roller massagers are used as a recovery and rehabilitative tool to initiate muscle relaxation and improve range of motion (ROM) and muscular performance. However, research demonstrating such effects is lacking. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of applying a roller massager for 20 and 60 seconds on knee-joint ROM and dynamic muscular performance. DESIGN Randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING University laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Ten recreationally active men (age = 26.6 ± 5.2 years, height = 175.3 ± 4.3 cm, mass = 84.4 ± 8.8 kg). INTERVENTION(S) Participants performed 3 randomized experimental conditions separated by 24 to 48 hours. In condition 1 (5 repetitions of 20 seconds) and condition 2 (5 repetitions of 60 seconds), they applied a roller massager to the quadriceps muscles. Condition 3 served as a control condition in which participants sat quietly. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Visual analog pain scale, electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris during roller massage and lunge, and knee-joint ROM. RESULTS We found no differences in pain between the 20-second and 60-second roller-massager conditions. During 60 seconds of roller massage, pain was 13.5% (5.7 ± 0.70) and 20.6% (6.2 ± 0.70) greater at 40 seconds and 60 seconds, respectively, than at 20 seconds (P < .05). During roller massage, VL and biceps femoris root mean square (RMS) EMG was 8% and 7%, respectively, of RMS EMG recorded during maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Knee-joint ROM was 10% and 16% greater in the 20-second and 60-second roller-massager conditions, respectively, than the control condition (P < .05). Finally, average lunge VL RMS EMG decreased as roller-massage time increased (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Roller massage was painful and induced muscle activity, but it increased knee-joint ROM and neuromuscular efficiency during a lunge.
Requirements-driven adaptive security: Protecting variable assets at runtime

Security is primarily concerned with protecting assets from harm. Identifying and evaluating assets are therefore key activities in any security engineering process - from modeling threats and attacks, discovering existing vulnerabilities, to selecting appropriate countermeasures. However, despite their crucial role, assets are often neglected during the development of secure software systems. Indeed, many systems are designed with fixed security boundaries and assumptions, without the possibility to adapt when assets change unexpectedly, new threats arise, or undiscovered vulnerabilities are revealed. To handle such changes, systems must be capable of dynamically enabling different security countermeasures. This paper promotes assets as first-class entities in engineering secure software systems. An asset model is related to requirements, expressed through a goal model, and the objectives of an attacker, expressed through a threat model. These models are then used as input to build a causal network to analyze system security in different situations, and to enable, when necessary, a set of countermeasures to mitigate security threats. The causal network is conceived as a runtime entity that tracks relevant changes that may arise at runtime, and enables a new set of countermeasures. We illustrate and evaluate our proposed approach by applying it to a substantive example concerned with security of mobile phones.
Epigenetic regulation of gene responsiveness in Arabidopsis

The regulation of chromatin structure is inevitable for proper transcriptional response in eukaryotes. Recent reports in Arabidopsis have suggested that gene responsiveness is modulated by particular chromatin status. One such feature is H2A.Z, a histone variant conserved among eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis, H2A.Z is enriched within gene bodies of transcriptionally variable genes, which is in contrast to genic DNA methylation found within constitutive genes. In the absence of H2A.Z, the genes normally harboring H2A.Z within gene bodies are transcriptionally misregulated, while DNA methylation is unaffected. Therefore, H2A.Z may promote variability of gene expression without affecting genic DNA methylation. Another epigenetic information that could be important for gene responsiveness is trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3). The level of H3K4me3 increases when stress responsive genes are transcriptionally activated, and it decreases after recovery from the stress. Even after the recovery, however, H3K4me3 is kept at some atypical levels, suggesting possible role of H3K4me3 for a stress memory. In this review, we summarize and discuss the growing evidences connecting chromatin features and gene responsiveness.
Incremental Semantic Construction in a Dialogue System

This paper describes recent work on the DynDial project* towards incremental semantic interpretation in dialogue. We outline our domain-general grammar-based approach, using a variant of Dynamic Syntax integrated with Type Theory with Records and a Davidsonian event-based semantics. We describe a Java-based implementation of the parser, used within the Jindigo framework to produce an incremental dialogue system capable of handling inherently incremental phenomena such as split utterances, adjuncts, and mid-sentence clarification requests or backchannels.
Breastfeeding After Gestational Diabetes Pregnancy

Breastfeeding provides important health benefits to both women and their offspring. Health benefits of lactation for women include a lower risk of breast and ovarian cancer (1) and possibly protection against type 2 diabetes (2). For the offspring, breastfeeding confers protection against both undernutrition and overnutrition during early childhood (3) and may lower risk of developing obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes later in life (4–7). Postnatal feeding is one of several critical or sensitive developmental periods (fetal life, adiposity rebound in childhood, and adolescence) hypothesized to result in “metabolic programming” of future chronic disease risk (8,9). In developed countries, there is a robust association between breastfeeding and a lower risk of becoming overweight during childhood and adolescence, even after accounting for maternal obesity and family lifestyle behaviors (10–13). Moreover, greater protection against childhood overweight is associated with more prolonged exclusive breastfeeding. In the U.S., the association of breastfeeding and lower risk of childhood overweight has been observed in Caucasians, but not among low-income Hispanics or African-Americans. Fetal life is another important developmental period influencing future health. Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) alters the intrauterine milieu for fetal development that may affect risk factors for chronic disease later in life (14). In some (15–18), but not all (19) studies, offspring of GDM mothers may be more likely to become overweight and to develop type 2 diabetes later in life. A combination of genetic, intrauterine, and postnatal factors contribute to development of childhood obesity and type 2 diabetes in the offspring of women with GDM. Whether breastfeeding affects the future health of offspring of women with GDM is uncertain based on limited and conflicting findings from studies of Native Americans or women with diabetes during pregnancy. Furthermore, no studies that examined the …