Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen on the table : the influence of food choices on nitrogen emissions and the European environment

This ENA Special Report has been prepared by the Expert Panel on Nitrogen and Food of the UNECE Task Force on Reactive Nitrogen. It examines nitrogen and other pollution losses from the food system and assesses the potential impacts of alternative diets on emissions of nitrogen to air and water. It then considers the potential impacts on land-use change and associated greenhouse gas emissions. The study finds that reductions in reactive nitrogen emissions associated with decreased intake of meat and dairy products would have substantial benefits, not only within the EU, but also at continental and global scales. The scenarios also match to consumption patterns that are better aligned with international dietary recommendations.
Reliability updating for lateral failure of historic quay walls

The historic canal walls of Amsterdam, stretching 200 km in total, are constructed as a masonry wall on a timber deck supported by vertical timber piles. Understanding the resistance against lateral failure of these quays has been challenging due to uncertainties in their working principles, geometry, soil and structural properties. This paper proposes a Bayesian approach to include evidence from past loading situations and corresponding deformations into the reliability assessment. This approach enables refinement of the reliability predictions and parameter distribution uncertainties, leading to a more accurate prediction of the resistance against the lateral failure of historic quay wall. Depending on the type of evidence, an a-priori reliability prediction for a quay wall that fails to meet safety standards can be updated to any of the three consequence classes outlined in NEN8700. In a case study, a quay wall with an a-priori reliability of β = 1.5 has been increased to β = 3.2 by including evidence of an extreme survived load of 10 kN/m 2 that resulted in displacements of less than 4 mm. This is a decrease in failure probability by two orders of magnitude, showing the potential impact of using observational information in combination with Bayesian updating.
Real-World Effectiveness Study of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir or Molnupiravir in Hospitalized Unvaccinated Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Moderate COVID-19 at Presentation

Introduction Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NMV-r) and molnupiravir (MOL) were developed as out-patient anti-viral for mild COVID-19. There was limited data on their role in treating COVID-19 for hospitalized patients, especially among adult patients who are unvaccinated and had chronic respiratory diseases. Methods A territory-wide retrospective study was conducted in Hong Kong to compare the efficacy of NMV-r and MOL against COVID-19 in unvaccinated adult patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis and interstitial lung diseases presenting with moderate COVID-19 from 16th February 2022 to 15th March 2023. Results A total of 1354 patients were included, 738 received NMV-r and 616 received MOL. NMV-r was more effective in reducing 90-day mortality with adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) of 0.508 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.314–0.822, p = 0.006). Patients who received NMV-r also had significantly shorter length of stay (LOS) than those receiving MOL, with median LOS of 4 (Interquartile range [IQR] = 2–7) for NMV-r and 6 (IQR = 3–10) for MOL (p-value < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the development of respiratory failure and severe respiratory failure in the two groups. Discussion NMV-r was more effective than MOL among unvaccinated adults with chronic respiratory diseases who were hospitalized for moderate COVID-19 without hypoxaemia on admission.
Diversity Management and Work Engagement of Academic Staff of Kyambogo University, Uganda

This study examined the influence of diversity management and work engagement of the academic staff of Kyambogo University in Uganda. Specifically, the study examined the influence of diversity management policies, diversity management programmes and diversity management climate on the workplace engagement of academic staff of Kyambogo University in Uganda. The study employed the correlational research design, hence adopted the quantitative approach. The sample comprised 188 academic staff of Kyambogo University. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The data was analysed using descriptive and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation modelling (PL-SEM) using SmartPLS. Descriptive results revealed that the workplace engagement of academic staff, diversity management policies, diversity management programmes, and the diversity management climate of the university were moderate. SEM results showed that while diversity management policies had a positive and significant influence on workplace engagement, diversity management programmes had a positive but insignificant influence on workplace engagement, and the diversity management climate had a negative and insignificant influence on workplace engagement. Therefore, it was concluded that diversity management policies are vital for the workplace engagement of academic staff, inadequate diversity management programmes hinder workplace engagement, and a low-level diversity management climate impedes the workplace engagement of academic staff. Thus, it was recommended that universities should adopt diversity management policies, leaders of universities should implement adequate diversity management programmes to enhance workplace engagement, and leaders of universities should promote a climate that favours diversity.
GREEN JOBS IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY: LITERATURE REVIEW

The growing importance of sustainability in the hospitality industry stems from the recognition of its impact on the environment, society, and the long-term viability of the industry itself. The hospitality industry is resource-intensive and can have a significant ecological footprint. However, there seems to be a gap in literature specifically addressing the concept of green jobs within the context of the hospitality industry. This study utilizes academic databases, such as PubMed, ResearchGate, and ScienceDirect, to search for relevant articles, research papers, and reports. The literatures was categorized based on themes, such as job creation, training and skills development, environmental impact, and economic benefits. The research findings reveal that there is currently no specific study on green jobs in the hospitality industry. This is because the industry does not yet have a significant number of green jobs, environmental policies, or the production and provision of green products or services. This research could contribute to understanding the challenges, opportunities, and best practices related to green jobs in the sector.
Virtual Experiments Guide Calibration Strategies for a Real-World Watershed Application of Coupled Surface-Subsurface Modeling

AbstractVirtual experiments have been designed for the development and validation of coupled surface-subsurface modeling. Potentially, virtual experiments can guide model calibration as well. To address the role of virtual experiments in model calibration, a novel approach was described for a real watershed calibration of Penn State Integrated Hydrologic Model (PIHM) guided by the V-shaped catchment simulation. First, a benchmarking experiment of coupled surface-subsurface modeling was developed and documented on the V-shaped catchment. Then, the performance of hydrologic predictions for the V-shaped catchment was calculated and demonstrated different levels of correlations. The correlations were found stable, which had the potential to be used as the weights of multiobjective calibration. Therefore, a weighted multiobjective calibration was developed for a real-world watershed by transferring the correlations obtained from the virtual experiments. Expectedly, the parameters calibrated using the weighted .
Do socially responsible companies use earnings management more rarely and (or) less aggressively? Evidence from Lithuania

This paper examines the problem of (in)compatibility between the performance of socially responsible enterprises and the use of earnings management, as well as the extent to which earnings management is likely prevalent in Lithuanian socially responsible enterprises. Although it seems that socially responsible companies make value-based commitments, the use of earnings management is incompatible with them, and various research studies have produced contradictory results. In Lithuania, there has been no research conducted on accounting manipulation in socially responsible enterprises, so it has not been possible to evaluate whether and how Lithuanian socially responsible enterprises manipulate financial information. Therefore, this study aims to compare the spread of earnings management’s use among Lithuanian socially responsible companies and other companies in order to reveal the prevalence of opportunistic or conceptual approaches to social responsibility in these companies. The study compared two groups of companies for the period 2017-2021: one group of companies that disclose information on socially responsible performance in their reports and a control group of companies that do not disclose information on socially responsible performance. The Jones (1991) model, modified by Dechow et al, chosen to investigate whether companies use accrual-based earnings management, is the most commonly adopted one for such studies. In order to determine if companies use real earnings management, Roychowdhury's (2016) model, which consists of three elements: sales manipulation, overproduction, and reduction of discretionary expenditures, was applied. The results showed that Lithuanian socially responsible companies use both accrual-based and real earnings management less frequently and/or less aggressively than other companies do. Therefore, it can be concluded that they follow a conceptual approach and pursue social responsibility for the sake of the idea and the concept, not to gain an advantage and to be able to influence the decisions of stakeholders in the market.
Analisis Sentimen Produk Amazon Menggunakan Algoritma Naïve Bayes Pada Data Review Pelanggan

Banyaknya data yang tersebar di internet dapat diolah untuk berbagai kepentingan baik untuk bisnis, sekolah, politik dan lainnya. Dan peningkatan teknologi juga berdampak kepasar produksi. Dari banyaknya e-comerce yang muncul dari berbagai negara dengan penggunaan yang relative mudah dan efficient. Yang membuat pelanggan tidak harus datang langsung ke toko dari produk yang ingin dibeli. Produk-produk yang dijual di e-comerce juga sangat variatif dan lengkap. Pelanggan juga dapat membeli barang yang dijual di toko luar negeri dengan sekali klik maka barang akan sampai kerumah. Salah satu e-comerce terbesar dan dapat dijangkau dari tiap-tiap negara yang berbeda adalah Amazon. Amazon menyediakan lebih dari miliaran produk dan di akses banyak pengguna setiap harinya. Maka dengan banyaknya persaingan toko dan produk di Amazon maka pembeli harus dapat menilai produk tidak hanya dari deskripsi dan foto yang disediakan toko tetapi juga harus melihat ulasan yang diberikan pembeli yang telah lebih dulu membeli barang tersebut dan seberapa banyak barang itu telah dibeli. Data review amazon yang digunakan ada 60.888 dan setelah dibersihkan dan dibuang kalimat duplikat maka data bersihnya ada 43.126 data. Dengan data sentiment positif sebesar 32318 data, negative 7.478 data dan neutral 3.330 data dengan tingkat akurasi menggunakan metode naïve bayes yaitu sebesar 100%. The abundance of data available on the internet can be processed for various purposes, including business, education, politics, and more. Technological advancements have also impacted the production market. With the emergence of numerous e-commerce platforms from different countries, the ease of use and efficiency have increased. This eliminates the need for customers to physically visit stores to purchase desired products. The products available on e-commerce platforms are diverse and comprehensive. Customers can even buy items sold by overseas stores with just a click, and the goods will be delivered to their doorstep. One of the largest and globally accessible e-commerce platforms is Amazon. Amazon offers billions of products and is accessed by a large number of users every day. Due to the intense competition among stores and products on Amazon, buyers need to evaluate products not only based on the store's description and photos but also by considering reviews from previous customers who have purchased the same item, as well as the quantity of items sold. The dataset used for this analysis consists of 60,888 Amazon reviews. After cleaning the data and removing duplicate sentences, the clean dataset consists of 43,126 records. The dataset is further categorized into positive sentiment (32,318 records), negative sentiment (7,478 records), and neutral sentiment (3,330 records) and the accuracy rate achieved using the Naïve Bayes method is 100%.
First genome assembly and annotation of Sanghuangporus weigelae uncovers its medicinal functions, metabolic pathways, and evolution

Sanghuangporus, also known as “Sanghuang” in China, is a well-known genus of traditional Chinese medicinal macrofungi. To make more effective use of Sanghuangporus resources, we completed the first genome assembly and annotation of a monokaryon strain of S. weigelae in the present study. A 33.96-Mb genome sequence was assembled as 13 contigs, leading to prediction of 9377 protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic and average nucleotide identity analyses indicated that the S. weigelae genome is closely related to those of other Sanghuangporus species in evolutionary tree, which clustered in one clade. Collinearity analysis revealed a high level of collinearity of S. weigelae with S. baumii, S. vaninii, and S. sanghuang. Biosynthesis pathways potentially involved in medicinal properties, including terpenoid and polysaccharide synthesis, were identified in S. weigelae, while polysaccharides were identified as the main medicinal metabolites in S. weigelae, with flavonoids more important in Sanghuangporus than other medicinal mushroom groups. Genes encoding 332 carbohydrate-active enzymes were identified in the S. weigelae genome, including major glycoside hydrolases and glycosyltransferases predicted, revealing the robust lignocellulose degradation capacity of S. weigelae. Further, 130 genes, clustered in seven classes were annotated to encode cytochromes P450 in the S. weigelae genome. Overall, our results reveal the remarkably medicinal capacity of S. weigelae and provide new insights that will inform the study of evolution and medicinal application of S. weigelae. The data are a reference resource for the formulation of scientific and rational ecological protection policies for Sanghuangporus species.
Patient years lost due to cytomegalovirus serostatus mismatching in the scientific registry of transplant recipients

Background The cytomegalovirus (CMV) mismatch rate in deceased donor kidney transplant (DDKT) recipients in the US remains above 40%. Since CMV mismatching is common in DDKT recipients, the cumulative effects may be significant in the context of overall patient and graft survival. Our primary objective was to describe the short- and long-term risks associated with high-risk CMV donor positive/recipient negative (D+/R-) mismatching among DDKT recipients with the explicit goal of deriving a mathematical mismatching penalty. Methods We conducted a retrospective, secondary analysis of the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) database using donor-matched DDKT recipient pairs (N=105,608) transplanted between 2011-2022. All-cause mortality and graft failure hazard ratios were calculated from one year to ten years post-DDKT. All-cause graft failure included death events. Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimation at 10 years post-DDKT and extrapolated to 20 years to provide the average graft days lost (aGDL) and average patient days lost (aPDL) due to CMV D+/R- serostatus mismatching. We also performed an age-based stratification analysis to compare the relative risk of CMV D+ mismatching by age. Results Among 31,518 CMV D+/R- recipients, at 1 year post-DDKT, the relative risk of death increased by 29% (p<0.001), and graft failure increased by 17% (p<0.001) as compared to matched CMV D+/R+ group (N=31,518). Age stratification demonstrated a significant increase in the risk associated with CMV mismatching in patients 40 years of age and greater. The aGDL per patient due to mismatching was 125 days and the aPDL per patient was 100 days. Conclusion The risks of CMV D+/R- mismatching are seen both at 1 year post-DDKT period and accumulated throughout the lifespan of the patient, with the average CMV D+/R- recipient losing more than three months of post-DDKT survival time. CMV D+/R- mismatching poses a more significant risk and a greater health burden than previously reported, thus obviating the need for better preventive strategies including CMV serodirected organ allocation to prolong lifespans and graft survival in high-risk patients.
A pharmacoeconomic analysis from Italian guidelines for the management of prolactinomas

ABSTRACT Background: Prolactinoma, the most common pituitary adenoma, is usually treated with dopamine agonist (DA) therapy like cabergoline. Surgery is second-line therapy, and radiotherapy is used if surgical treatment fails or in relapsing macroprolactinoma. Objective: This study aimed to provide economic evidence for the management of prolactinoma in Italy, using a cost-of-illness and cost-utility analysis that considered various treatment options, including cabergoline, bromocriptine, temozolomide, radiation therapy, and surgical strategies. Methods: The researchers conducted a systematic literature review for each research question on scientific databases and surveyed a panel of experts for each therapeutic procedure’s specific drivers that contributed to its total cost. Results: The average cost of the first year of treatment was €2,558.91 and €3,287.40 for subjects with microprolactinoma and macroprolactinoma, respectively. Follow-up costs from the second to the fifth year after initial treatment were €798.13 and €1,084.59 per year in both groups. Cabergoline had an adequate cost-utility profile, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €3,201.15 compared to bromocriptine, based on a willingness-to-pay of €40,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) in the reference economy. Endoscopic surgery was more cost-effective than cabergoline, with an ICER of €44,846.64. Considering a willingness-to-pay of €40,000/QALY, the baseline findings show cabergoline to have high cost utility and endoscopic surgery just a tad above that. Conclusions: Due to the favorable cost-utility profile and safety of surgical treatment, pituitary surgery should be considered more frequently as the initial therapeutic approach. This management choice could lead to better outcomes and an appropriate allocation of healthcare resources.
A Sustainable Model for Healthcare Systems: The Innovative Approach of ESG and Digital Transformation

In recent years, the globe has faced a series of topics of growing concern, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the international financial crisis, rising socio-economic inequalities, the negative outcomes of greenhouse gas emissions, which resulted in climate change, and many others. Organizations worldwide have confronted these new challenges of sustainable finance by incorporating environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) factors and digital transformation (DT) in their innovation business strategies. The healthcare sector represents a large share of the global economy (about 10% of global economic output), employs a large number of workers, and needs to rely more on an open innovation model where interested parties, especially patients, are going to have a say in their own well-being. Thus, it is imperative that healthcare providers be efficient, effective, resilient, and sustainable in the face of significant challenges and risks. At the same time, they must offer sustainable development goals and digital transformation to healthcare users through limited governmental resources. This study investigates the role, importance, and correlation of ESG factors and digital transformation to the sustainable finance of healthcare systems through an innovative model. The main purpose of the paper is to present the already implemented ESG and DT factors in the healthcare sector and to propose a mutual and combined implementation strategy based on common evaluation tools, methods, and actions. A set of proposed actions and strategies are presented for the sustainability and resilience of the healthcare sector.
Comparison of Intestinal Microbiota of Blue Fox before and after Weaning

Simple Summary The intestine is an important immune organ of the body in which the gut microbiota plays an important function. Gut microbiota is considered an important “organ” and is receiving increasing attention. This study investigated the diversity of gut microbiota in different intestinal segments of blue foxes, and the similarity between fecal microbiota and gut microbiota in samples taken before and after weaning. The types, distribution characteristics, and patterns of microorganisms in different intestinal segments of blue foxes differed before and after weaning. Except for the rectum, the dominant microbiota of each intestinal segment before and after weaning changed significantly. The fecal microbiota structure of weaned blue foxes cannot represent the exact structural characteristics of the entire gut microbiota but can represent the structural characteristics of the colon and rectum gut microbiota. Abstract Intestinal flora plays an important role in maintaining the internal stability and health of the intestine. Currently, intestinal microbes are considered an important “organ” but are mostly ignored by people. This study evaluated the flora structure of each intestinal segment of blue foxes pre-weaning and explored the differences between the fecal flora and intestinal flora structure of each segment after weaning. Samples of intestinal contents from three blue foxes at 45 days of age (before weaning) and intestinal contents and feces samples from at 80 days (after weaning) were collected for 16s rRNA flora analysis. The species and distribution characteristics of microorganisms in different intestinal segments of blue foxes before and after weaning were different. Except for the rectum, the dominant flora of each intestinal segment of blue fox changed significantly after experiencing weaning, and the fecal flora structure of young fox at the weaning stage did not represent the whole intestinal flora structure but was highly similar to that of the colon and rectum. To sum up, the intestinal flora of blue foxes changed systematically before and after weaning. When performing non-invasive experiments, the microflora structure of the colon and rectum of blue foxes can be predicted by collecting fecal samples.
Effect of groundwater flow on a ground heat exchanger

Multiple layer underground and the flow of ground water in some layers have an important effect on the heating of vertical heat columns and heat exchangers (HE). This paper investigates the important implication on the design of the Ground HE with regard to their heating effect. For this reason a thermal model is constructed in Comsol Multiphysics software and the effect of various parameters such as thermal conductivity of the ground and the groundwater flow velocity is considered. The model parameters are set to present actual (known) parameters of an installed column and validated against experimental values. Although the key for an overall capital cost reduction is the borehole length, the results indicate that by using the groundwater available, construction of shallow Ground Source Heat Pump systems can be achieved with an increase of the coefficient of performance (COP).