Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Freezing Tolerance and Winter Hardiness in Winter Wheat of Nordic Origin

Climate change and global food security efforts are driving the need for adaptable crops in higher latitude temperate regions. To achieve this, traits linked with winter hardiness must be introduced in winter-type crops. Here, we evaluated the freezing tolerance (FT) of a panel of 160 winter wheat genotypes of Nordic origin under controlled conditions and compared the data with the winter hardiness of 74 of these genotypes from a total of five field trials at two locations in Norway. Germplasm with high FT was identified, and significant differences in FT were detected based on country of origin, release years, and culton type. FT measurements under controlled conditions significantly correlated with overwintering survival scores in the field (r ≤ 0.61) and were shown to be a reliable complementary high-throughput method for FT evaluation. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed five single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with FT under controlled conditions mapped to chromosomes 2A, 2B, 5A, 5B, and 7A. Field trials yielded 11 significant SNP markers located within or near genes, mapped to chromosomes 2B, 3B, 4A, 5B, 6B, and 7D. Candidate genes identified in this study can be introduced into the breeding programs of winter wheat in the Nordic region.
Research and Recovery of Snake River Sockeye Salmon, 1994 Annual Report.

On November 20, 1991, the National Marine Fisheries Service listed Snake River sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka as endangered under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. In 1991, the Shoshone-Bannock Tribe and the Idaho Department of Fish and Game initiated the Snake River Sockeye Salmon Sawtooth Valley Project to conserve and rebuild populations in Idaho. In 1994, the authors estimated the total September Redfish Lake O. nerka population at 51,529 fish (95% CI, {+-} 33,179). The Alturas Lake O. nerka population was estimated at 5,785 fish ({+-} 6,919). The total density and biomass of Alturas Lake was estimated at 27 fish/hectare ({+-} 33) and 0.7 kg/hectare, respectively. The total O. nerka population estimate for Pettit Lake was 14,743 fish ({+-} 3,683). Stanley Lake O. nerka total population size, density, and biomass was estimated at 2,695 fish ({+-} 963), 37 fish/hectare ({+-} 13), and 0.5 kg/hectare, respectively. Estimated numbers of O. nerka outmigrant smolts passing Redfish Lake Creek and Salmon River trapping sites increased in 1994. The authors estimated 1,820 (90% CI 1,229--2,671) and 945 (90% CI 331--13,000) smolts left Redfish and Alturas lakes, respectively. The total PIT tag detection rate at mainstem dams for Redfish Lake outmigrants was 21% in 1994. No Alturas Lake outmigrants were detected at any of the downstream facilities with detection capabilities (zero of 50 fish).
Some Results and Evaluation of Training for the Development of Students’ Spatial Visualization

This article discusses the results and evaluation of a training course focused on developing spatial visualization using interactive dynamic tools. The course aims to effectively integrate technology with the Descriptive Geometry course by combining content, pedagogy, and technology while considering the course's characteristics. The training course consists of three phases: seeing, imagining, and drawing. Each phase has different tasks that involve manipulating 3D objects in a virtual environment, corresponding to the level of geometric thinking and cognitive steps of mental rotation. The results of the organized training showed a statistically significant increase in student's spatial skills, and the evaluation of students using the SURE (Structure-Oriented Evaluation) model was deemed sufficient.
Metabolome Profiling of Marrubium peregrinum L. and Marrubium friwaldskyanum Boiss Reveals Their Potential as Sources of Plant-Based Pharmaceuticals

Marrubium species have been used since ancient times as food additives and curative treatments. Their phytochemical composition and various pharmacological activities were the focus of a number of scientific investigations but no comprehensive metabolome profiling to identify the numerous primary and secondary metabolites has been performed so far. This study aimed to generate a comprehensive picture of the total metabolite content of two Marrubium species—M. peregrinum and M. friwaldskyanum—to provide detailed information about the main primary and secondary metabolites. In addition, the elemental composition was also evaluated. For this purpose, non-targeted metabolomic analyses were conducted using GC-MS, UPLC-MS/MS and ICP-MS approaches. Nearly 500 compounds and 12 elements were detected and described. The results showed a strong presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids and their glucosides, which are generally of great interest due to their various pharmacological activities. Furthermore, tissue-specific analyses for M. friwaldskyanum stem, leaves and flowers were carried out in order to outline the sources of potentially important bioactive molecules. The results generated from this study depict the Marrubium metabolome and reveal its dual scientific importance—from one side, providing information about the metabolites that is fundamental and vital for the survival of these species, and from the other side, defining the large diversity of secondary substances that are a potential source of phytotherapeutic agents.
Potencial distribution of Pinus herrerae Martínez at western Jalisco

Based upon its endemism and natural restricted areas at west Jalisco, potential zones were delimited for the distribution of Pinus herrerae. 391 trees were geo-referred which were translated into the same number of accessions of the species to make an environmental description; eight climatic variables were interpolated variables, as well as nine of the environmental kind. With this information, the MaxEnt model was use to classify, in a probabilistic way, its potential distribution. The study area was located at the west of Sierra de Quila. The validation of the model was determined with the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) technique, which is applied in distribution models based on algorithms of presence only. To determine the most important climate and environmental variables that influence the species distribution, the Jackknife test was used. According to the area under the operational curve (AUC) of ROC, both interpolations in the training and testing curves were placed the closest possible, which meant to reach a fit in the model by using 0.959 and 0.958 climate variables. On the other side, with the interpolation of the climatic data with the environmental variables, the highest values for the training (0.973) and testing data (0.971) values were obtained. It can be concluded that the potential distribution of P. herrerae is favored when it grows in a humic cambisoil soil, at an altitudinal range from 1 985 to 2 227m, an average annual precipitation of 882 mm and an average annual temperature of 18 °C.
A Publicly Verifiable Outsourcing Matrix Computation Scheme Based on Smart Contracts

Matrix computation is a crucial mathematical tool in scientific fields such as Artificial Intelligence and Cryptographic computation. However, it is difficult for resource-limited devices to execute large-scale matrix computations independently. Outsourcing matrix computation (OMC) is a promising solution that engages a cloud server to process complicated matrix computations for resource-limited devices. However, existing OMC schemes lack public verifiability, and thus resource-limited devices cannot verdict the correctness of the computing results. In this paper, for the first time, we propose a smart contract-based OMC scheme that publicly verifies the outsourcing matrix computation results. In our scheme, a smart contract running over the blockchain serves as a decentralized trusted third party to ensure the correctness of the matrix computation results. To overcome the Verifier's Dilemma in the blockchain, we present a blockchain-compatible matrix verification method that decreases the time complexity from <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(n^{3})$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wang-ieq1-3337848.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> to <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(n^{2})$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wang-ieq2-3337848.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> by utilizing a blinding method with the check digit and padding matrices. We make the verification become the form of comparing whether two results are identical rather than naive re-computing. Finally, we perform experiments on Ethereum and ARM Cortex-M4 and give in-depth analysis and performance evaluation, demonstrating our scheme's practicability and effectiveness.
Artificial Intelligence and Patient Autonomy in Obesity Treatment Decisions: An Empirical Study of the Challenges

Background This study aims to explore the factors associated with artificial intelligence (AI) and patient autonomy in obesity treatment decision-making. Methodology A cross-sectional, online, descriptive survey design was adopted in this study. The survey instrument incorporated the Ideal Patient Autonomy Scale (IPAS) and other factors affecting patient autonomy in the AI-patient relationship. The study participants included 74 physicians, 55 dieticians, and 273 obese patients. Results Different views were expressed in the scales AI knows the best (μ = 2.95-3.15) and the patient should decide (μ = 2.95-3.16). Ethical concerns (μ = 3.24) and perceived privacy risks (μ = 3.58) were identified as having a more negative influence on patient autonomy compared to personal innovativeness (μ = 2.41) and trust (μ = 2.85). Physicians and dieticians expressed significantly higher trust in AI compared to patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions Patient autonomy in the AI-patient relationship is significantly affected by privacy, trust, and ethical issues. As trust is a multifaceted factor and AI is a novel technology in healthcare, it is essential to fully explore the various factors influencing trust and patient autonomy.
The molecular phylogeny of cirrate octopods (Cephalopoda: Octopoda: Cirrata) using COI and 16S sequences

Contrasting accounts of taxonomic relationships between finned octopod (Octopoda: Cirrata) taxa complicate species identification and generate nomenclatural instability. A comprehensive analysis based on both 16S and COI mitochondrial gene phylogenies is presented, using all currently accepted genera and approximately 27 putative species (including type species for all genera excepting Grimpoteuthis). The goal of this is to stabilise the concepts of genera and families and identify areas needing further systematic research. Four well supported clades are consistent with families Cirroteuthidae, Cirroctopodidae, Grimpoteuthididae, and Opisthoteuthidae across both 16S and COI phylogenies. Family Stauroteuthidae resolves as a sister clade to Cirroteuthidae in some analyses of the COI gene. Combined molecular and morphological similarities suggest that the Cirrata comprises two superfamily level clades, for which Cirroteuthoidea (for Cirroteuthidae and Stauroteuthidae) and Opisthoteuthoidea (for Cirroctopodidae, Grimpoteuthididae, and Opisthoteuthidae) are proposed. The paraphyletic Cirrothauma (Cirroteuthidae) contains at least three species, while within the Grimpoteuthididae, Cryptoteuthis and Luteuthis form clades within a paraphyletic Grimpoteuthis clade, indicating a need for further taxonomic assessment. Intra-clade structure within Opisthoteuthis is better resolved with COI than 16S data. At least one potentially undescribed Opisthoteuthis occurs in the northwestern Pacific, and northeastern Pacific specimens are tentatively referred to O. bruuni, representing a significant range expansion. Lastly, using the dates of fossil stem-Octobrachians and fossil cirrates for approximate calibration, a timetree estimated from COI gene data suggests that these cirrate families and most cirrate genera arose within the Late Cretaceous, possibly as part of the Mesozoic marine revolution, between 124−62 million years ago.
Parametric vs. nonparametric LiDAR models for operational forest inventory in boreal Ontario

Parametric and nonparametric predictions of forest inventory attributes from airborne LiDAR data are compared for a forest management unit in boreal Ontario. For the parametric approach, seemingly unrelated regression models were calibrated by forest type (SUR) and for all forest types combined (SUR_All). For the nonparametric approach, randomForest (RF) and k-nearest neighbours (kNN) were implemented. Calibration data consisted of 442 circular 0.04 ha plots covering a range of development stages within eight forest types. Results were validated on 64 independent plots distributed across the same forest types. Predicted variables included top height, merchantable basal area, and gross merchantable volume. In general, RF and SUR predictions were the most accurate and precise, whereas kNN and SUR_All predictions were less reliable. Prediction accuracy and precision varied markedly with forest type, with no single method producing results that were consistently best. None of the methods extrapolated well, underscoring the need to capture the full range of population variation during calibration. Parametric predictions were improved by forest-type stratification, necessitating a population forest-type layer prior to application. In contrast, forest type was not an important predictor in the nonparametric solutions. RF can offer significant operational advantages over parametric regression without loss of accuracy or precision.
Enhancing Quality of Life: Pre- and Postoperative Assessment in Idiopathic Hyperhidrosis Patients

Objective: This study aimed to characterize patients, describe surgical complications, and evaluate the pre- and postoperative quality of life (QOL) of individuals who underwent surgery for primary hyperhidrosis (PHH). Methods: A prospective, non-randomized, uncontrolled study was conducted, documenting cases of patients undergoing surgery for PHH at a reference center in La Habana, Cuba, from January 2016 to December 2022. Results: A total of 49 cases were described, with a median age of 16 years; 59.1% were female. The most common presentation was palmar-plantar-axillary, observed in 53% of cases. The palmar presentation was more frequent in female patients (p<0.05). Within 24 hours post-procedure, 85.7% of patients showed dryness in the palmar and axillary areas, with surgical complications occurring in 14.3% of cases (intercostal neuritis, pneumothorax, and hemothorax). CH of some form was recorded in 89.8% of cases. At least 30 days after the surgery, 95.9% of the patients reported a significant improvement in their QOL. Conclusion: Thoracic sympathectomy is an efficient and safe method for treating hyperhidrosis in adolescents, leading to an enhanced QOL. However, this study reported a higher incidence of complications, particularly CH, compared to previous national and international studies.
AN ADAPTIVE KALMAN FILTERING ALGORITHM WITHOUT USING KINEMATIC MODELS

The performance and accuracy of Kalman filter depends on its gain value related to the process noise covariance and the measurement noise variance which may vary according to experimental settings such as noise and sampling time. Thus, setting the appropriate values for the noise variances that fit for a wide range of experimental setting is a challenge for conventional Kalman filter. This paper proposes an adaptive Kalman filter with the adaptive noise variance for velocity estimation without using kinematic model. By applying only the quantized position measurement signal generated from the optical incremental encoder, an adaptive process noise variance is proposed. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional Kalman filter in achieving accurate and smooth velocity estimation without large time delay.
Development of E-Module Physics Based on Local Wisdom of Lampung Written Batik on Temperature and Heat Materials

Students still think learning physics is boring. For this reason, educators are expected to be able to develop fun physics learning in various ways. This study aims to develop a module based on the local wisdom of Lampung written batik on temperature and heat. The research method used is research and development (R&D) with a Borg and Gall development model design. This research resulted in a product in the form of an e-module based on local wisdom of Lampung written batik on temperature and heat material with 90% media validation results, 91% material experts, and 82% IT experts. The percentages generated in the study indicate that the category is very feasible. Very feasible means that the developed module can be tested and applied to the next process. The trial was divided into two, namely a small trial of students who obtained 86% results in the very interesting category and field trials with teachers in three schools getting 89% results, and field trials of students getting 82% results. From the results of the small test percentage and field trials, the percentage is obtained in a very attractive category. The very interesting category means that the modules developed are well responded to and accepted by students and teachers. This research concludes that an e-module based on local wisdom of Lampung written batik has been developed on the material of temperature and heat. Students still think learning physics is boring. For this reason, educators are expected to be able to develop fun physics learning in various ways. This study aims to develop a module based on the local wisdom of Lampung written batik on temperature and heat. The research method used is research and development (R&D) with a Borg and Gall development model design. This research resulted in a product in the form of an e-module based on local wisdom of Lampung written batik on temperature and heat material with 90% media validation results, 91% material experts, and 82% IT experts. The percentages generated in the study indicate that the category is very feasible. Very feasible means that the developed module can be tested and applied to the next process. The trial was divided into two, namely a small trial of students who obtained 86% results in the very interesting category and field trials with teachers in three schools getting 89% results, and field trials of students getting 82% results. From the results of the small test percentage and field trials, the percentage is obtained in a very attractive category. The very interesting category means that the modules developed are well responded to and accepted by students and teachers. This research concludes that an e-module based on local wisdom of Lampung written batik has been developed on the material of temperature and heat.
Structural analysis of a deployable double-layer tensegrity grid

Different methods have been used recently to discover new families of a type of space frame: DoubleLayer Tensegrity Grids (DLTGs). The main objective of this work is analyzing the process for the design and calculation of a specific deployable DLTG (DDLTG) at full scale (4x4x1 m) composed by 16 modules of 1x1x1 m. Three CAD/CAE tools were used for these purposes: ToyGL, Matlab/Octave, and Midas Civil. It was necessary to create an intermediate platform to exchange data and information between both tools, the ToyGL Processor, based on user-defined functions written in VBA for Microsoft Excel. The methodology was validated by comparing the results obtained by the first two software tools with those provided by Midas Civil. As a conclusion, ToyGL is reliable and accurate in terms of the definition of geometry, distribution of stresses and forces, reactions, states of self-stress, mechanisms, etc.
Alkali-Activated Slag Coatings for Fire Protection of OPC Concrete

During a fire, ordinary Portland cement (OPC) systems lose their mechanical properties. For this reason, it is important to find a way to protect it. This study suggested alternative uses of slag and phosphogypsum to produce coatings for fire-resistant applications. Five compositions of 10 mm thick alkali-activated slag coatings were investigated. In these compositions, different amounts of phosphogypsum (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%) were used. In the first stage of this study, the residual compressive strength of samples with the coatings based on alkali-activated slag was compared to the results of OPC concrete samples without coatings. The experimental results showed that a higher residual compressive strength of 33.2–47.3 MPa OPC concrete was achieved for the samples with coatings. Meanwhile, the residual compressive strength of the uncoated samples was 32.37 MPa. In the second stage, OPC concrete samples were reinforced with fiberglass polymer (FRP) rods, and they had a similar positive effect on alkali-activated coatings. After exposure to higher temperatures, the pullout tests of the glass FRP bars showed that the adhesion strength was (9.44 MPa) 43.9% higher for the samples with coatings compared to the samples without coatings (6.56 MPa). Therefore, a higher bond strength can be maintained between concrete and FRP bars. Alkali-activated slag with 3% phosphogypsum can be used for the production of fire-resistant coating. These coatings could protect OPC concrete and reinforced concrete with glass FRP bars from fire.
Early Experience With Pembrolizumab in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Unresponsive Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Purpose: Radical cystectomy (RC) is recommended for patients with non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who are unresponsive to intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation. However, RC is a very risky treatment, and some patients cannot undergo RC due to old age, patient preference, and comorbidities. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of pembrolizumab, a programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor, in patients with NMIBC unresponsive to intravesical BCG instillation.Materials and Methods: Between December 2016 and February 2023, 24 patients who experienced recurrence after BCG treatment and subsequently received pembrolizumab were enrolled. We evaluated the patients’ response to pembrolizumab therapy using urine cytology, cystoscopic examination (with/without biopsy), and/or computed tomography imaging. The primary endpoint was the complete response (CR) rate 3 months after the first dose of pembrolizumab. Patients were followed up every 3 months for the first 2 years and every 6 months thereafter. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to illustrate CR and the individual treatment course was demonstrated.Results: The median follow-up period was 16 months (range, 2–68 months) and the median number of pembrolizumab administrations was 5 times (range, 3–39 times). Thirteen of the 18 patients (54.2%) with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC achieved CR at 3 months. The median duration of CR maintenance was 15 months (range, 5–47 months). Five patients (20.8%) showed no recurrence for 12 months after pembrolizumab administration. Seven patients underwent RC, and pathological reports showed T2 stage in 3 patients. To date, 1 patient (4.2%) has died.Conclusions: Our early experience with pembrolizumab treatment for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC showed better results than those of the KEYNOTE-057 trial, which reported a CR rate of 40% at 3 months. However, long-term data and more cases are required to establish pembrolizumab therapy in patients with BCG-unresponsive NMIBC in a real-world setting.