Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolving accurate and compact classification rules with gene expression programming

Classification is one of the fundamental tasks of data mining. Most rule induction and decision tree algorithms perform a local, greedy search to generate classification rules that are often more complex than necessary. Evolutionary algorithms for pattern classification have recently received increased attention because they can perform global searches. In this paper, we propose a new approach for discovering classification rules by using gene expression programming (GEP), a new technique of genetic programming (GP) with linear representation. The antecedent of discovered rules may involve many different combinations of attributes. To guide the search process, we suggest a fitness function considering both the rule consistency gain and completeness. A multiclass classification problem is formulated as multiple two-class problems by using the one-against-all learning method. The covering strategy is applied to learn multiple rules if applicable for each class. Compact rule sets are subsequently evolved using a two-phase pruning method based on the minimum description length (MDL) principle and the integration theory. Our approach is also noise tolerant and able to deal with both numeric and nominal attributes. Experiments with several benchmark data sets have shown up to 20% improvement in validation accuracy, compared with C4.5 algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed GEP approach is more efficient and tends to generate shorter solutions compared with canonical tree-based GP classifiers.
On unifying some cryptographic protocol logics

We present a logic for analyzing cryptographic protocols. This logic encompasses a unification of four of its predecessors in the BAN family of logics, namely those given by Li Gong et al. (1990); M. Abadi, M. Tuttle (1991); P.C. van Oorschot (1993); and BAN itself (M. Burrows et al., 1989). We also present a model-theoretic semantics with respect to which the logic is sound. The logic presented captures all of the desirable features of its predecessors and more; nonetheless, it accomplishes this with no more axioms or rules than the simplest of its predecessors. <<ETX>>
Characterization of two distinct major histocompatibility complex class I Kk-restricted T-cell epitopes within the influenza A/PR/8/34 virus hemagglutinin

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones specific for the influenza A/PR/8/34 virus hemagglutinin (HA) were isolated by priming CBA mice with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the HA molecule. The epitopes recognized by two of these clones, which were CD8+, Kk restricted, and HA subtype specific, were defined by using a combination of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing HA fragments and synthetic peptides. One epitope is in the HA1 subunit at residues 259 to 266 (numbering from the initiator methionine), amino acid sequence FEANGNLI, and the other epitope is in the HA2 subunit at residues 10 to 18 (numbering from the amino terminus of the HA2 subunit), sequence IEGGWTGMI. These two peptides are good candidates for naturally processed HA epitopes presented during influenza infection, as they are the same length (eight and nine residues) as other naturally processed viral peptides presented to CTL. A comparison of the sequences of these two new epitopes with those of the three previously published Kk-restricted T-cell epitopes showed some homology among all of the epitopes, suggesting a binding motif. In particular, an isoleucine residue at the carboxy-terminal end is present in all of the epitopes. On the basis of this homology, we predicted that the Kk-restricted epitope in influenza virus nucleoprotein, previously defined as residues 50 to 63, was contained within residues 50 to 57, sequence SDYEGRLI. This shorter peptide was found to sensitize target cells at a 200-fold lower concentration than did nucleoprotein residues 50 to 63 when tested with a CTL clone, confirming the alignment of Kk-restricted epitopes.
Understanding reuse in the Android Market

Mobile apps are software products developed to run on mobile devices, and are typically distributed via app stores. The mobile app market is estimated to be worth billions of dollars, with more than hundred of thousands of apps, and still increasing in number. This explosion of mobile apps is astonishing, given the short time span that they have been around. One possible explanation for this explosion could be the practice of software reuse. Yet, no research has studied such practice in mobile app development. In this paper, we intend to analyze software reuse in the Android mobile app market along two dimensions: (a) reuse by inheritance, and (b) class reuse. Since app stores only distribute the byte code of the mobile apps, and not the source code, we used the concept of Software Bertillonage to track code across mobile apps. A case study on thousands of mobile apps across five different categories in the Android Market shows that almost 23% of the classes inherit from a base class in the Android API, and 27% of the classes inherit from a domain specific base class. Furthermore, on average 61% of all classes in each category of mobile apps occur in two or more apps, and 217 mobile apps are reused completely by another mobile app in the same category.
Reduction of the effect of arm position variation on real-time performance of motion classification

A couple of studies have been conducted with able-bodied subjects and/or arm amputees to investigate the impact of arm position changes in the practical use of a multifunctional myoelectric prosthesis. The classification accuracy calculated offline from electromyography (EMG) recordings was used as a performance metric in these studies, which is not a true measure of real-time control performance. In this study, the influence of arm position changes on the real-time performance of EMG pattern recognition (EMG-PR) control was quantitatively evaluated with four real-time metrics including motion response time, motion completion time, motion completion rate, and dynamic efficiency. Ten able-bodied subjects participated in the study and a cascade classifier built with both EMG and mechanomyogram (MMG) recordings was proposed to reduce the impact of arm position variation. The pilot results showed that arm position changes would substantially affect the real-time performance of EMG pattern-recognition based prosthesis control. Using a cascade classifier could significantly increase the average real-time completion rate (p-value<;0.01). This suggests that the proposed cascade classifier may have potential to reduce the influence of arm position variation on the real-time control performance of a prosthesis.
Venlafaxine versus imipramine in painful polyneuropathy

Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) are often used in the treatment of painful polyneuropathy. Venlafaxine is a serotonin and weak noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor antidepressant with a different profile of other pharmacologic actions from those of TCA. Objective: To test if venlafaxine would relieve painful polyneuropathy and compare its possible efficacy with that of the TCA imipramine. Methods: The study design was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled, with a three-way crossover. Forty patients were assigned to one of the treatment sequences, and 29 completed all three study periods. The daily doses were venlafaxine 225 mg and imipramine 150 mg. During the three treatment periods, each of 4 weeks’ duration, patients rated pain paroxysms, constant pain, and touch- and pressure-evoked pain by use of 0- to 10-point numeric rating scales. Results: The sum of the individual pain scores during treatment week 4 was lower on venlafaxine (80% of baseline score; p = 0.006) and imipramine (77%; p = 0.001) than on placebo (100%) and did not show any statistical difference between venlafaxine and imipramine (p = 0.44). The individual pain scores for pain paroxysms, constant pain, and pressure-evoked pain showed a similar pattern, whereas touch-evoked pain was uncommon and was not altered by any of the drugs. Numbers needed to treat to obtain one patient with moderate or better pain relief were 5.2 for venlafaxine and 2.7 for imipramine. Conclusion: Venlafaxine relieves pain in polyneuropathy and may be as effective as imipramine.
Physician and pharmacist collaboration to improve blood pressure control.

BACKGROUND Studies have demonstrated that blood pressure (BP) control can be improved when clinical pharmacists assist with patient management. The objective of this study was to evaluate if a physician and pharmacist collaborative model in community-based medical offices could improve BP control. METHODS This was a prospective, cluster randomized, controlled clinical trial with clinics randomized to a control group (n = 3) or to an intervention group (n = 3). The study enrolled 402 patients (mean age, 58.3 years) with uncontrolled hypertension. Clinical pharmacists made drug therapy recommendations to physicians based on national guidelines. Research nurses performed BP measurements and 24-hour BP monitoring. RESULTS The mean (SD) guideline adherence scores increased from 49.4 (19.3) at baseline to 53.4 (18.1) at 6 months (8.1% increase) in the control group and from 40.4 (22.6) at baseline to 62.8 (13.5) at 6 months (55.4% increase) in the intervention group (P = .09 for adjusted between-group comparison). The mean BP decreased 6.8/4.5 mm Hg in the control group and 20.7/9.7 mm Hg in the intervention group (P < .05 for between-group systolic BP comparison). The adjusted difference in systolic BP was -12.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], -24.0 to 0.0) mm Hg, while the adjusted difference in diastolic BP was -1.8 (95% CI, -11.9 to 8.3) mm Hg. The 24-hour BP levels showed similar effect sizes. Blood pressure was controlled in 29.9% of patients in the control group and in 63.9% of patients in the intervention group (adjusted odds ratio, 3.2; 95% CI, 2.0-5.1; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS A physician and pharmacist collaborative intervention achieved significantly better mean BP and overall BP control rates compared with a control group. Additional research should be conducted to evaluate efficient strategies to implement team-based chronic disease management. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00201019.
Optimized dark matter searches in deep observations of Segue 1 with MAGIC

We present the results of stereoscopic observations of the satellite galaxy Segue 1 with the MAGIC Telescopes, carried out between 2011 and 2013. With almost 160 hours of good-quality data, this is the deepest observational campaign on any dwarf galaxy performed so far in the very high energy range of the electromagnetic spectrum. We search this large data sample for signals of dark matter particles in the mass range between 100 GeV and 20 TeV. For this we use the full likelihood analysis method, which provides optimal sensitivity to characteristic gamma-ray spectral features, like those expected from dark matter annihilation or decay. In particular, we focus our search on gamma-rays produced from different final state Standard Model particles, annihilation with internal bremsstrahlung, monochromatic lines and box-shaped signals. Our results represent the most stringent constraints to the annihilation cross-section or decay lifetime obtained from observations of satellite galaxies, for masses above few hundred GeV. In particular, our strongest limit (95% confidence level) corresponds to a ∼ 500 GeV dark matter particle annihilating into τ+τ−, and is of order ⟨σannv⟩ ≃ 1.2 × 10−24 cm3 s−1 — a factor ∼ 40 above the ⟨σannv⟩ ≃ thermal value.
M-Cube: A Visualization Tool for Multi-dimensional Multimedia Databases

The last decade was marked by a striking growth on database size and dimension. This increase is noticeable in many areas, ranging from personal data storage to large corporation databases. The size and high dimensionality of these data sets prompt the application of specialized graphical representations rather than tables and generic charts to visualize the data. This specialization limits the representation to a particular type of database, but ensures a better understanding of its data. In this paper, we present an innovative visualization tool for multi-dimensional multimedia databases, called Multidimensional Cube (or M-Cube). Unlike previous data cubes, which are simple extensions of two-dimensional tables or charts for any type of data, the M-Cube employs a three-dimensional space to visualize multimedia content with great interaction flexibility – the user can change any of the current dimensions by rotation. Our tool is specialized for multimedia contents, that is, text, music, images and videos, allowing the M-Cube to improve both visually and interactively. While the visualization is enhanced by visually rich data elements inside the cube, the interaction provides fast change of dimensions required when exploring multimedia databases.
High resolution spectroscopy for Cepheids distance determination ⋆ III. A relation between γ-velocities and γ-asymmetries

Context. Galactic Cepheids in the vicinity of the Sun have a residual line-of-sight velocity, or γ -velocity, which shows a systematic blueshift of about 2 km s -1 compared to an axisymmetric rotation model of the Milky Way. This term is either related to the space motion of the star and, consequently, to the kinematic structure of our Galaxy, or it is the result of the dynamical structure of the Cepheids' atmosphere. Aims. We aim to show that these residual γ -velocities are an intrinsic property of Cepheids. Methods. We observed eight galactic Cepheids with the HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planetary Search project developed by the European Southern Observatory.) spectroscope, focusing specifically on 17 spectral lines. For each spectral line of each star, we computed the γ -velocity (resp. γ -asymmetry) as an average value of the interpolated radial velocity (resp. line asymmetry) curve. Results. For each Cepheid in our sample, a linear relation is found between the γ -velocities of the various spectral lines and their corresponding γ -asymmetries, showing that residual γ -velocities stem from the intrinsic properties of Cepheids. We also provide a physical reference to the stellar γ -velocity: it should be zero when the γ -asymmetry is zero. Following this definition, we provide very precise and physically calibrated estimates of the γ -velocities for all stars of our sample [ in km s -1 ] : -11.3 ± 0.3 [R TrA], -3.5 ± 0.4 [S Cru], -1.5 ± 0.2 [Y Sgr], 9.8 ± 0.1 [ β Dor] , 7.1 ± 0.1 [ ζ Gem] , 24.6 ± 0.4 [RZ Vel], 4.4 ± 0.1 [ $\ell$ Car] , 25.7 ± 0.2 [RS Pup]. Finally, we investigated several physical explanations for these γ -asymmetries like velocity gradients or the relative motion of the line-forming region compared to the corresponding mass elements. However, none of these hypotheses seems to be entirely satisfactory to explain the observations. Conclusions. To understand this very subtle γ -asymmetry effect, further numerical studies are needed. Cepheids' atmosphere are strongly affected by pulsational dynamics, convective flows, nonlinear physics, and complex radiative transport. Hence, all of these effects have to be incorporated simultaneously and consistently into the numerical models to reproduce the observed line profiles in detail.
Wharton School 1-1-1988 Forecasting Methods for Marketing : Review of Empirical Research

This paper reviews the empirical research on forecasting in marketing. In addition, it presents results from some small scale surveys. We offer a framework for discussing forecasts in the area of marketing, and then review the literature in light of that framework. Particular emphasis is given to a pragmatic interpretation of the literature and findings. Suggestions are made on what research is needed.
From object categories to grasp transfer using probabilistic reasoning

In this paper we address the problem of grasp generation and grasp transfer between objects using categorical knowledge. The system is built upon an i) active scene segmentation module, able of generating object hypotheses and segmenting them from the background in real time, ii) object categorization system using integration of 2D and 3D cues, and iii) probabilistic grasp reasoning system. Individual object hypotheses are first generated, categorized and then used as the input to a grasp generation and transfer system that encodes task, object and action properties. The experimental evaluation compares individual 2D and 3D categorization approaches with the integrated system, and it demonstrates the usefulness of the categorization in task-based grasping and grasp transfer.
Machine learning techniques to assess the performance of a gait analysis system

This paper presents a methodology based on machine learn- ing techniques to assess the performance of a system measuring the tra- jectories of the lower limbs extremities for the follow-up of patients with multiple sclerosis. We show how we have established, with the help of machine learning, four important properties about this system: (1) an automated analysis of gait characteristics provides an improved analysis with respect to that of a human expert, (2) after learning, the gait charac- teristics provided by this system are valuable compared to measures taken by stopwatches, as used in the standardized tests, (3) the motion of the lower limbs extremities contains a lot of useful information about the gait, even if it is only a small part of the body motion, (4) a measurement system combined with a machine learning tool is sensitive to intra-subject modifications of the walking pattern.
Unidirectional Brownian motion observed in an in silico single molecule experiment of an actomyosin motor

The actomyosin molecular motor, the motor composed of myosin II and actin filament, is responsible for muscle contraction, converting chemical energy into mechanical work. Although recent single molecule and structural studies have shed new light on the energy-converting mechanism, the physical basis of the molecular-level mechanism remains unclear because of the experimental limitations. To provide a clue to resolve the controversy between the lever-arm mechanism and the Brownian ratchet-like mechanism, we here report an in silico single molecule experiment of an actomyosin motor. When we placed myosin on an actin filament and allowed myosin to move along the filament, we found that myosin exhibits a unidirectional Brownian motion along the filament. This unidirectionality was found to arise from the combination of a nonequilibrium condition realized by coupling to the ATP hydrolysis and a ratchet-like energy landscape inherent in the actin-myosin interaction along the filament, indicating that a Brownian ratchet-like mechanism contributes substantially to the energy conversion of this molecular motor.
Detection of Anti-Lactoferrin Antibodies and Anti-Myeloperoxidase Antibodies in Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Retrospective Study

Anti-lactoferrin antibodies (ALA) and anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies (AMPA) are specific serological markers for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The project aimed to detect ALA and AMPA and explore their clinical significances in AIH patients. 59 AIH patients, 217 non AIH patients, and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. ALA and AMPA were detected by ELISA. Antineutropil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA) were examined by indirect immunofluorescence. Antimitochondrial antibody M2 subtype (AMA-M2), anti-liver kidney microsomal antibody Type 1 (LKM1), anti-liver cytosol antibody Type 1 (LC1), and anti-soluble liver antigen/liver-pancreas antibodies (SLA/LP) were tested by immunoblot. The positivity for ALA was 18.6% in AIH group, only one patient in non-AIH group was positive for ALA; the positivity for AMPA was 59.3% in AIH group, with significant differences (P < 0.01) compared with other groups. The specificities for ALA and AMPA were 99.63% and 97.75%; the sensitivities were 18.64% and 59.32%; and the accuracy rates were 84.97% and 90.80%, respectively. A certain correlation was observed between ALA and SLA/LP, AMPA and ANCA, ASMA in AIH group. ALA and AMPA were associated with AIH, and had high clinical diagnostic value. Co-detection with other relative autoantibodies could play an important role in differential diagnosis of AIH.
Development of HMM-based Malay Text-to-Speech System

This paper presents the development of a hidden Markov model (HMM)-based Malay text-to-speech (TTS) system. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the development of the HMM-based speech synthesis system for the Malay language. In this paper, We first discuss the Malay speech characteristics, specifically, on Malay phonological system and syllable structure. In the Malay phonological system, 37 phonemes are adopted as the phonemic representations. Then, we describe a HMMbased TTS framework and language specific knowledge such as phonological, linguistic information, and utterance structure, which is used in context dependent continuous HMM and treebased clustering. After that, we report the development of Malay TTS corpora. Finally, a male and a female HMM-based Malay TTS systems are developed and evaluated. We further conduct listening test based on the Mean Opinion Score (MOS), and the results show that the developed HMM-based Malay TTS system can generate speech with acceptable quality in terms of naturalness and intelligibility.