Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of the Impacts of Non-Synchronous Trading on Predictability: Evidence from the National Stock Exchange, India

The serial correlation effects which non-synchronous trading can induce in financial data have been documented by various researchers. In this paper we investigate non-synchronous trading effects in terms of the predictability that may be induced in the values of stock indices. This analysis is applied to emerging-market data, on the grounds that such markets might be less liquid and thus prone to a higher degree of non- synchronous trading. We use both a daily data set and a higher frequency one, since the latter is a prerequisite for capturing intra-day variations in trading activity. When considering one-minute interval data, we obtain clear evidence of predictability between indices with different degrees of non-synchronous trading. We then propose a simple test to infer whether such predictability is mainly attributable to non- synchronous trading or an actual delayed adjustment on part of traders. The results obtained from an intra-day analysis suggest that the former cause seems a better explanation for the observed predictability. Future research in this area is needed to shed light on the degree of data predictability which may be exclusively attributed to non-synchronous trading, and how empirical results may be influenced by the chosen data frequency.
Can Small Fluctuations in Investors’ Subjective Preferences Induce Large Volatility in Equity Prices?

This paper focuses on the potential effects of small fluctuations in investors' subjective preferences (specifically, their discount factors and attitudes towards risk) on the volatility of equity prices. We briefly summarize some of the arguments and evidence regarding the fluctuations in subjective preferences. Our analysis indicates that such fluctuations may have significant implications for understanding the volatility of the prices of financial assets. We derive a closed-form expression for equilibrium equity prices, and use this expression to map the fluctuations in investors' subjective preferences to the fluctuations in equity prices. Our analysis suggests that small fluctuations in the discount factor have potentially large effects on the latter. For example, if the standard deviation of the fluctuations in the discount factor is of the order of 1/10th of one percent, then this by itself can induce a 3 to 4% standard deviation in the fluctuations in equity prices. The fluctuations in the attitude towards risk have a smaller, but nevertheless non-negligible effect. We present the intuition underlying our conclusions.
Novel detection scheme for LSAS using power allocation in Multi User scenario with LTE-A and MMB channels

In this paper, we analyze the ergodic spectral efficiency upper bound of a large-scale MIMO and the key technologies, and present new approaches for detection and power allocation. Assuming arbitrary antenna correlation and user distributions, we derive approximations of achievable rates with zero forcing(ZF), maximum ratio combining (MRC), minimum mean squared error (MMSE) and eigen-value decomposition power allocation (EVD-PA). Our simulation results show that our proposal is a better detection scheme than the conventional scheme for LSAS. Also, we used the Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) channel and the Millimeter wave Mobile Broadband (MMB) channel.
Review: Robot Devices for Gait Rehabilitation

The main motivation of gait rehabilitation is to help a patient recovering from injury, illness or disease, to recover some locomotor abilities in order to promote as much independence as possible in activities of daily living tasks, and to assist the patient in compensating for deficits that cannot be treated medically. However, the amount of hands-on therapy that patients can receive is limited, as economic pressures are inherent in the health care system. Therefore, worldwide efforts are being made to automate locomotor training. Robotic devices has the potential to make therapy more affordable and thus more available for more patients and for more time. This article reviews the most important characteristics and features of the current robot devices for gait rehabilitation, both in clinical use and in the phase of research.
Stochastic analysis of two-tier HetNets employing LTE and wifi

In order to increase the capacity of mobile networks, operators are investigating the use of unlicensed spectrum in addition to their licensed spectrum. Already today it is possible to integrate WiFi networks into the core networks and perform offloading of traffic to a WiFi network. In future releases of 3GPP a tighter interaction of WiFi and LTE is foreseen that will even enable the aggregation of these two technologies. The design and performance analysis of different offloading and aggregation strategies is a difficult task, because of the different radio access technologies (RAT) involved. One widely used tool for the analysis of such systems is stochastic geometry, but most existing works do not take the heterogeneity of the different RATs into account. This work models the LTE and WiFi networks as well as the users using a probabilistic approach based on stochastic geometry and takes the particular physical layer properties of the two RATs into account. The proposed model allows for the performance analysis of those different networks using closed form expressions. Using these newly developed tools, we show that the max-throughput criterion, which takes the different characteristics of the two RATs into account, performs better than simple offloading and max-SINR association criteria.
Research on civil aviation aircraft registration number recognition

Currently, aircraft registration number recognition is still done by human beings in most airports. This recognition method is not only time-consuming but also energy-wasting and cannot meet the demand of busy airport. To solve this problem, a method of aircraft registration number recognition automatically is proposed in this paper. This method, based on image processing, mainly discusses how to identify registration number and confirm the identity of the aircraft automatically after registration number positioning, segmentation and identification. The experiment results show that this method has a high rate of accuracy in the aircraft registration number recognition, thus automation level and staff working efficiency of the airport can be improved by using this method.
American dream : three women, ten kids, and a nation's drive to end welfare

those who “don’t count,” and so forth. He tries passionately to call attention to those on the margins, but he does not successfully show their capacities and gifts. We are not left with a sense of those on the margins as persons gifted by God with intelligence and freedom and endowed with the capacity to make self-determining choices ordered toward the common good. Although De La Torre seems to want us to see the marginalized with the eyes of Christ, instead we learn to see them with the eyes of nineteenthcentury German philosophers. In a similar way, the issues and case studies are flawed. Scholars committed to the Enlightenment ideals of objectivity and detachment might complain that the presentation of the issues and cases is one-sided. That is true enough; there is no pretense to objectivity. De La Torre makes it pretty plain which side he is on for each issue, and it is always the side that one would expect from a liberation theologian located on the political left. I have a different complaint about the case studies. The cases are so brief (usually only a few paragraphs long) that they make it impossible for college students to understand the issues with any kind of human complexity. In some of the cases, those on the margins are given names to make the cases seem more real, but we do not learn much about the people involved. We never see the people involved as moral agents or as persons created in God’s image. Instead, each one seems like a caricature, a helpless victim—followed by a five-step rational process for how to fix the problem. (Perhaps a violent revolution is justified? ) The personal passion, evident at the beginning of the book, quickly transforms into a mechanical analysis of impersonal power relationships. I have found that my students learn most about marginalized people by serving in their neighborhoods, and then, over time, coming to know them not as the oppressed but as neighbors and maybe as friends. For a better book, I recommend John McKnight’s The Careless Society. My sense is that De La Torre’s gifts—as a writer, a teacher, and a theologian—would be developed better with a vision more like McKnight’s. —Gregory R. Beabout Saint Louis University
Weak factor automata: the failure of failure factor oracles?

In indexing of, and pattern matching on, DNA and text sequences, it is often important to represent all factors of a sequence. One efficient, compact representation is the factor oracle (FO). At the same time, any classical deterministic finite automata (DFA) can be transformed to a so-called failure one (FDFA), which may use failure transitions to replace multiple symbol transitions, potentially yielding a more compact representation. We combine the two ideas and directly construct a failure factor oracle (FFO) from a given sequence, in contrast to ex post facto transformation to an FDFA. The algorithm is suitable for both short and long sequences. We empirically compared the resulting FFOs and FOs on number of transitions for many DNA sequences of lengths 4 − 512, showing gains of up to 10% in total number of transitions, with failure transitions also taking up less space than symbol transitions. The resulting FFOs can be used for indexing, as well as in a variant of the FO-using backward oracle matching algorithm. We discuss and classify this pattern matching algorithm in terms of the keyword pattern matching taxonomies of Watson, Cleophas and Zwaan. We also empirically compared the use of FOs and FFOs in such backward reading pattern matching algorithms, using both DNA and natural language (English) data sets. The results indicate that the decrease in pattern matching performance of an algorithm using an FFO instead of an FO may outweigh the gain in representation space by using an FFO instead of an FO.
Physicians and the pharmaceutical industry: is a gift ever just a gift?

CONTEXT Controversy exists over the fact that physicians have regular contact with the pharmaceutical industry and its sales representatives, who spend a large sum of money each year promoting to them by way of gifts, free meals, travel subsidies, sponsored teachings, and symposia. OBJECTIVE To identify the extent of and attitudes toward the relationship between physicians and the pharmaceutical industry and its representatives and its impact on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of physicians. DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE search was conducted for English-language articles published from 1994 to present, with review of reference lists from retrieved articles; in addition, an Internet database was searched and 5 key informants were interviewed. STUDY SELECTION A total of 538 studies that provided data on any of the study questions were targeted for retrieval, 29 of which were included in the analysis. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted by 1 author. Articles using an analytic design were considered to be of higher methodological quality. DATA SYNTHESIS Physician interactions with pharmaceutical representatives were generally endorsed, began in medical school, and continued at a rate of about 4 times per month. Meetings with pharmaceutical representatives were associated with requests by physicians for adding the drugs to the hospital formulary and changes in prescribing practice. Drug company-sponsored continuing medical education (CME) preferentially highlighted the sponsor's drug(s) compared with other CME programs. Attending sponsored CME events and accepting funding for travel or lodging for educational symposia were associated with increased prescription rates of the sponsor's medication. Attending presentations given by pharmaceutical representative speakers was also associated with nonrational prescribing. CONCLUSION The present extent of physician-industry interactions appears to affect prescribing and professional behavior and should be further addressed at the level of policy and education.
Energy-Efficient Route Optimization for Adaptive MPSK-Based Wireless Sensor Networks

We study a certain route configuration problem via optimization theory. We consider the optimal bit error rate (BER) and transmission rate allocations on each hop, subject to overall BER and delay constraints for a designated route. The pivot of the problem lies in the delay constraint, which divides the problem into two cases—the loose and the tight delay case. In the former, analytical solutions are obtained by applying the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) theorem. Specifically, we discover in this case that for a given target BER, the optimum solutions are only related to the hop lengths in the route. When the delay constraint is tight, a mapping can be used to reduce the dimension of the problem by a factor of two; a numerical optimization algorithm has to be used to find the optimum. Simulation results show that by optimally configuring a chosen route, substantial energy savings could be obtained, especially under tight delay constraints. Simulation also reveals that a performance limit is reached as the number of hops increases. A parameter determining this limit is defined, and physical explanations are given accordingly.
Impact of Life Habits on Colorectal Cancer

Objective: to assess the relationship between different colorectal cancer (CC) risk factors in the province of Al- bacete, Spain Subjects And Methods: the study was designed to be population-based, observational, analytical, descriptive and cross- sectional and used a questionnaire. The study area included the Primary Care Health Centres in the province of Albacete. We compared two previously assessed areas, one with a high CC incidence and the other with a low CC incidence, along with the factors that could influence these differences. We used a questionnaire to collect personal and consumer habit data in relation to CC. We did bivariate and multivariate (logistic regression) statistical analyses. The predictor variables considered in this model were age, gender, body mass index (BMI), level of education, intensity of physical activity, presence or absence of a disease, smoking habit (packs per year), alcohol intake, number of defeca- tions per week, being on a diet, intake frequencies (IF) of pasta and rice, IF of eggs or omelette, IF of white fish, IF of blue fish, IF of pulses, IF of vegetables and salads, fruit, cold meats, meat, water intake and relatives with cancer. Results: The high CC incidence areas presented an incidence between 26.9 and 30.2 cases per 100,000 citizens per year, while the rates of the low incidence areas were between 5.1 and 6.5. A total of 417 people participated (56.8% women), of whom 245 (58.8%) came from the low CC incidence area (41.2% men) and 172 (41.2%) were from the high CC incidence area (45.9% men). After adjusting the model in the logistic regression analysis, the variables related to high cancer inci- dence were alcohol intake, odds ratio (OR) 1,79 (CI: 1.8-2.96; P=0.024 eating eating pasta and rice more than two days per week: OR 2.23 (CI: 1.33-3.72; P=0.002); eating eggs and/or omelette more than two days per week: OR 2.68 (CI: 1.49-4.80; P=0.001), and drinking more than two litres of water per day: OR 2.87 (CI: 1.51-5.46; P=0.001. Frequent physical exercise related with a low CC incidence: OR 3.38 (CI: 1.30-8.84; P=0.013). Conclusions: In this study, the highest CC incidence is associated with alcohol intake and a high intake of water, pasta and rice, and eggs. Doing physical exercise regularly has a protective effect.
A validation of the post concussion symptom scale in the assessment of complex concussion using cognitive testing and functional MRI

Background: Clinical assessment of cerebral concussion relies on the presence and duration of post concussive symptoms (PCS). Given that these PCS are subjective reports and not always specific to concussion, their usefulness remains to be validated. Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of self-reported PCS by means of cognitive tests and functional MRI (fMRI). Method: 28 male athletes with and without concussion were grouped according to their PCS score. They were then administered a computerised cognitive test battery and submitted to an fMRI session where cerebral activations associated with verbal and non-verbal working memory tasks were analysed. Results: Behaviourally, response accuracy and speed on the cognitive test battery were comparable for the control and low PCS group. The moderate PCS group showed significantly slower response times than the control group on the matching (p<0.05) and one-back tasks (p<0.05). The functional MRI study showed reduced task related activation patterns in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for both low and moderate PCS groups. Activation peaks outside the regions of interest, not seen in the control group, were also noted for both PCS groups. Regression analyses indicated an inverse relationship between PCS scores and performances on several CogSport subtests. Severity of PCS also predicted fMRI blood oxygen level dependent signal changes in cerebral prefrontal regions. Conclusion: Self-reported PCS is associated with an ongoing cerebral haemodynamic abnormality as well as with mild cognitive impairment. These results support the use of the PCS scale in the assessment of cerebral concussion and in monitoring recovery.
Clinical Progression of Incidental, Asymptomatic Lesions Discovered During Culprit Vessel Coronary Intervention

Background—With the reduction in restenosis rates by drug-eluting stents, there is new controversy concerning the optimal management of incidental, nontarget lesions identified during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Such lesions have been treated conservatively because of risk of restenosis but now are being considered for PCI to prevent plaque instability. However, the impact of incidental stenoses on future cardiac events remains unknown. Methods and Results—We performed a retrospective cohort study to determine the rate and features of clinical plaque progression using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Dynamic Registry of consecutive patients undergoing PCI at multiple centers in 1997 to 1998 and 1999. Of 3747 PCI patients, 216 (5.8%) required additional nontarget lesion PCI for clinical plaque progression at 1 year. Fifty-nine percent presented with new unstable angina, and 9.3% presented with nonfatal myocardial infarction. Patients with multivessel coronary artery disease during original PCI were more likely to require nontarget lesion PCI during follow-up (adjusted odds ratio, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.18 to 2.52] for 2 vessels; adjusted odds ratio, 3.37 [95% CI, 2.32 to 4.89] for 3 vessels). Angiographic review showed that the majority (86.9%) of lesions requiring subsequent PCI were ≤60% in severity during original PCI, with the mean lesion stenosis 41.8±20.8% at the time of the initial PCI and 83.9±13.9% during the recurrent event. Conclusions—Approximately 6% of PCI patients will have clinical plaque progression requiring nontarget lesion PCI by 1 year. Greater coronary artery disease burden confers a significantly higher risk for clinical plaque progression.
Short-term forecasting for the portuguese economy: a methodological overview

The aim of this article is to provide a stylised, concise description of the methodology underlying the short-term forecasting exercise for the economic activity regularly conducted at Banco de Portugal. As in the case of other central banks, it is useful to share the experience acquired in the development of tools aimed at obtaining shortterm forecasts for the Portuguese economy. The rationale underlying the methodology is discussed intuitively and its corresponding presentation should be considered merely illustrative due to the dynamics of the process. This approach may potentially change, due to the continuous search for additional indicators and use of alternative econometric models. The article also presents an overview of analogous experiences at other central banks, namely within the Eurosystem.
ANALYSIS ON ALGORITHM AND APPLICATION OF CLUSTER IN DATA MINING

Cluster analysis in data mining is an important research field; it has its own unique position in a large number of data analysis and processing. The research about Clustering makes a spurt development after more than 20 years, and then produced a variety of types and application of the clustering algorithm. Data Mining is one of the pop researches in information industry last few years. This paper analyses some typical methods of the cluster analysis and represent the application of the cluster analysis in Data Mining.
Chemokine receptor CXCR4 and early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: pattern of expression and correlation with outcome.

BACKGROUND The expression of CXCR4 has been implicated in metastatic dissemination in different models of breast cancer and melanoma. In the present study, we evaluated CXCR4 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the relationship between CXCR4 expression and the prognosis of stage I disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using immunohistochemical analysis, we retrospectively analyzed CXCR4 expression in specimens from 61 patients with completely resected pathologically confirmed stage I NSCLC for whom clinical follow-up data were available. RESULTS In the present study, we have shown that: CXCR4 is expressed by tumor cells in stage I NSCLC; CXCR4 is located in the nucleus and/or in the cytoplasm of tumor cells; strong nuclear staining was observed in 17 cases (29.8%); patients whose tumors had CXCR4-positive nuclear staining had a significantly longer duration of survival than patients whose tumors had no nuclear expression (P = 0.039, log-rank test). Interestingly, the 5-year metastasis rates were 23.5% and 34.1% in patients with CXCR4-positive and CXCR4-negative nuclear expression, respectively (P = 0.2). CONCLUSION Strong CXCR4-positive nuclear staining was associated with a significantly better outcome in early-stage NSCLC. The mechanisms underlying this clinically and biologically important finding need to be further explored.
AN EMBODIED AND GROUNDED VIEW ON CONCEPTS AND ITS POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION

In the last years, Embodied and Grounded Cognition (EGC) Theories have been proved to successfully account for a great variety of phenomena pertaining cognitive processes as diverse as perception, action, and language comprehension. In this chapter we will overview and discuss recent evidence favouring an EGC approach to language and concepts, keeping in mind that one of the greatest problem that EGC has to face is the representation in mind of abstract concepts, such as FREEDOM or FANTASY. Since abstract concepts lack a single and concrete referent, the re-enactment of the different experiences connected to each concept could be more difficult than for concrete concepts. We argue that language can be the tool that helps us to keep together the variety of heterogeneous experiences evoked by abstract concepts. The input of others, who can help us to understand the word meaning, for example explaining it to us, can be more crucial for the acquisition of abstract than of concrete concepts. In the last part of the chapter we discuss the implications for educational theories and practice of an EGC view that highlights not only the importance of sensorimotor information but also of the bodily and social aspects of language. In our view not only sensorial and motor processes, but also linguistic and social experiences may be considered as constitutive for the individual cognitive development, in order to improve abstract reasoning and categorization. Mazzuca C. , Borghi A. M. 2