Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Hydrostatic Pressure Pretreatment of Whey Protein Isolates Improves Their Digestibility and Antioxidant Capacity

Whey proteins have well-established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. High hydrostatic pressure processing of whey protein isolates increases their in vitro digestibility resulting in enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study compared the effects of different digestion protocols on the digestibility of pressurized (pWPI) and native (nWPI) whey protein isolates and the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the hydrolysates. The pepsin-pancreatin digestion protocol was modified to better simulate human digestion by adjusting temperature and pH conditions, incubation times, enzymes utilized, enzyme-to-substrate ratio and ultrafiltration membrane molecular weight cut-off. pWPI showed a significantly greater proteolysis rate and rate of peptide appearance regardless of digestion protocol. Both digestion methods generated a greater relative abundance of eluting peptides and the appearance of new peptide peaks in association with pWPI digestion in comparison to nWPI hydrolysates. Hydrolysates of pWPI from both digestion conditions showed enhanced ferric-reducing antioxidant power relative to nWPI hydrolysates. Likewise, pWPI hydrolysates from both digestion protocols showed similar enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in a respiratory epithelial cell line as compared to nWPI hydrolysates. These findings indicate that regardless of considerable variations of in vitro digestion protocols, pressurization of WPI leads to more efficient digestion that improves its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Assessment of Potential, Opportunities, Challenges, and Gaps of Fodder for Sustainable Livestock Production in Bardhere District, Somalia.

Fodder refers particularly to feed of a vegetative nature given to the animals (including plants cut and carried to them), for Sustainable farm animal raising of sufficient quantities and quality of forages and fodder, rather than that which they forage for themselves. It includes hay, straw and silage. Therefore, the purpose of this review paper was to explore the potential, opportunities, challenges and gaps in fodder production in arid and semiarid regions at the Bardhere district of Gedo, Somalia. For describing the evaluation of potential, opportunities, challenges and gaps in fodder production, descriptive survey designs were used. The information was gathered between November 2022 and June 2023. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The total number of respondents was 80 across various fields (livestock farmers and forage producers in bardhere district). The data was arranged and analysed by using SPSS. The researchers met all of their study objectives and came up with a beneficial: The researchers met all of their study objectives and came up with a beneficial conclusion. The majority of the respondent 65% answer 18 and 45 between ages. The majority of the respondents (81.25%) were male, while only 18.75% percent were female, according to the study. The researcher discovered that 63.75% percent of the respondents were married, while 6.25% were widow and divorced. However, 18.75% of the respondents were single, and 11.25% were just window. According to the educational background, 33.75%were illiterates, 30% were primary school, 30%had secondary education and 16.25% had of university. The bulk of the respondents were farmers, with 57.75%being farmers, 21.25 percent being livestock keepers, 11.25% being fodder traders and 10% prevented then others specific tread according to the study. The majority of respondents main challenge of fodder production answered 50.5% disagree. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that forage should be promoted into the sustainable livestock production and the environment, particularly in the country’s arid and semiarid regions.
An Analysis of the Hardness of TSP Instances for Two High-performance Algorithms

The task in the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is to ﬁnd a minimum length closed tourthrough a given set of n cities with known inter-city distances such that each city is visitedexactly once. The TSP has played a central role in the development of many Stochastic LocalSearch (SLS) algorithms, such as Ant Colony Optimization [5], or Simulated Annealing [9]. Currently, the best performing SLS algorithms for the TSP strongly rely on the exploitationof high-performing local search algorithms, and most top-performers are iterated local search(ILS) algorithms [1, 3, 8, 7] or memetic algorithms [4, 11]. While most ILS algorithms are basedon the Lin-Kernighan algorithm (LK) [10], Glover [6] and Rego [13] present an approach basedon an edge based ejection chain method, which, compared to LK, tends to ﬁnd better tourswhile requiring more computation time. Small and medium size TSP instances ranging froma few hundred to several thousand cities are also solved rather eﬃciently by exact algorithms,the best example being the branch & cut code of Applegate, Bixby, Chv´atal, and Cook [2]. However, a disadvantage of exact algorithms is that they show a very strong variability incomputation time between diﬀerent TSP instances. Performance variability among instancescan also be observed for SLS algorithms, in addition to the variability in the performance onany given instance that is caused by the stochastic nature of these algorithms.It is clear that the structure of TSP instances inﬂuences the amount of time needed tosolve them to optimality. For the scope of this article, our investigation of structure focuses onthe distribution of the cities in the Euclidean plane. In particular, the instances we study arederived from highly structured TSP instances that can be solved in polynomial time, by eitherremoving cities or by perturbing city coordinates. We analyze the impact of these variations inthe structure of TSP instances on the run-time of two high-performance algorithms: Applegateet al.’s branch & cut code (concorde) [2] and Helsgaun’s iterated Lin-Kernighan algorithmlkh[7]. concordeis currently the best performing exact algorithm for the TSP using state-of-the-art B&C methods and is freely available for academic purposes. Helsgaun’s lkhalgorithmVienna, Austria, August 22–26, 2005
Health services research in obstetrics and gynecology: the legacy of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars

According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, health services research (HSR) ‘examines how people get access to care, how much care costs, and what happens to patients as a result of this care’ [1]. Research examining areas as varied as health disparities, health behavior change, implementation science, organizational processes, and cost effectiveness are united under the broad term HSR. Because HSR is inherently interdisciplinary, it is open to emerging ideas from fields such as engineering or informatics, and core ideas from these areas can be linked with core principles from economics or sociology and applied in new medical contexts. Too often, health policy decisions in women’s health are made without adequate input from the clinicians who truly understand the clinical implications of these decisions. Arguably, this is partly because of the fact that relatively few opportunities exist for obstetricians and gynecologists to be trained in HSR. For almost 50 years, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) Clinical Scholars has tried to fill this gap and has provided a vital, unique opportunity for obstetricians and gynecologists to learn rigorous health services methodology and hone leadership skills.
ATAROS Technical Report 1: Corpus collection and initial task validation

The ATAROS project aims to identify acoustic signals of stance-taking in order to inform the development of automatic stance recognition in natural speech. Due to the typically low frequency of stance-taking in existing corpora that have been used to investigate related phenomena such as subjectivity, we are creating an audio corpus of unscripted conversations between dyads as they complete collaborative tasks designed to elicit a high density of stance-taking at increasing levels of involvement. To validate our experimental design and provide a preliminary assessment of the corpus, we examine a fully transcribed and time-aligned portion to compare the speaking styles in two tasks, one expected to elicit low involvement and weak stances, the other high involvement and strong stances. We find that although overall measures such as task duration and total word count do not indicate consistent differences across tasks, speakers do display significant differences in speaking style. Factors such as increases in speaking rate, turn length, and disfluencies from weak- to strong-stance tasks are consistent with increased involvement by the participants and provide evidence in support of the experimental design. Index Terms: Stance-taking, involvement, conversation speech corpus, speaking style
Using big data for optimizing advertising campaigns in social networks

In the digital era, advertising on social networks has become a crucial element of marketing strategies. With the increasing number of users on platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and others, companies have unprecedented opportunities to target and engage consumers. This paper aims to examine the role and importance of Big Data usage in optimizing marketing campaigns on social networks. In an era where data is limitless, Big Data has become a valuable resource for businesses looking to understand consumer behavior and improve the efficiency of advertising campaigns. In this paper, we will shed light on the history and development of Big Data, including their volumes and sources. We will explore the potential of Big Data and categorize their sources to better understand how they can be leveraged for social media marketing. Furthermore, we will analyze the benefits and challenges of using Big Data in marketing. Additionally, we will examine cases where the use of Big Data has failed to optimize advertising campaigns on social networks and focus on the influence of Big Data in digital marketing, including personalization and sales promotion. We will also explore the technologies and methodologies used for making marketing decisions using Big Data. This study concludes that Big Data offers exceptional potential for innovation in the field of advertising on social networks, helping companies cope with rapid changes in consumer preferences and market dynamics. The results indicate that the strategic use of Big Data can lead to a deeper understanding of consumer behavior and offer a competitive advantage in a crowded and fast-paced market.
A Selective Antagonist Reveals a Potential Role of G Protein–Coupled Receptor 55 in Platelet and Endothelial Cell Function

The G protein–coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) is a lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) receptor that is also responsive to certain cannabinoids. Although GPR55 has been implicated in several (patho)physiologic functions, its role remains enigmatic owing mainly to the lack of selective GPR55 antagonists. Here we show that the compound CID16020046 ((4-[4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-6-oxo-1H,4H,5H,6H-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol-5-yl] benzoic acid) is a selective GPR55 antagonist. In yeast cells expressing human GPR55, CID16020046 antagonized agonist-induced receptor activation. In human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells stably expressing human GPR55, the compound behaved as an antagonist on LPI-mediated Ca2+ release and extracellular signal-regulated kinases activation, but not in HEK293 cells expressing cannabinoid receptor 1 or 2 (CB1 or CB2). CID16020046 concentration dependently inhibited LPI-induced activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT), nuclear factor κ of activated B cells (NF-κB) and serum response element, translocation of NFAT and NF-κB, and GPR55 internalization. It reduced LPI-induced wound healing in primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells and reversed LPI-inhibited platelet aggregation, suggesting a novel role for GPR55 in platelet and endothelial cell function. CID16020046 is therefore a valuable tool to study GPR55-mediated mechanisms in primary cells and tissues.
Towards semantic interoperability in an open IoT ecosystem for connected vehicle services

A present challenge in today's Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem is to enable interoperability across heterogeneous systems and service providers. Restricted access to data sources and services limits the capabilities of a smart city to improve social, environmental and economic aspects. Interoperability in the IoT is concerned with both, messaging interfaces and semantic understanding of heterogeneous data. In this paper, the first building blocks of an emerging open IoT ecosystem developed at the EU level are presented. Semantic web technologies are applied to the existing messaging components to support and improve semantic interoperability. The approach is demonstrated with a proof-of-concept for connected vehicle services in a smart city setting.
Identification of Cryptococcus neoformans Temperature-Regulated Genes with a Genomic-DNA Microarray

ABSTRACT The ability to survive and proliferate at 37°C is an essential virulence attribute of pathogenic microorganisms. A partial-genome microarray was used to profile gene expression in the human-pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans during growth at 37°C. Genes with orthologs involved in stress responses were induced during growth at 37°C, suggesting that a conserved transcriptional program is used by C. neoformans to alter gene expression during stressful conditions. A gene encoding the transcription factor homolog Mga2 was induced at 37°C and found to be important for high-temperature growth. Genes encoding fatty acid biosynthetic enzymes were identified as potential targets of Mga2, suggesting that membrane remodeling is an important component of adaptation to high growth temperatures. mga2Δ mutants were extremely sensitive to the ergosterol synthesis inhibitor fluconazole, indicating a coordination of the synthesis of membrane component precursors. Unexpectedly, genes involved in amino acid and pyrimidine biosynthesis were repressed at 37°C, but components of these pathways were found to be required for high-temperature growth. Our findings demonstrate the utility of even partial-genome microarrays for delineating regulatory cascades that contribute to microbial pathogenesis.
New insights into the magmatism in the northern margin of the South China Sea: Spatial features and volume of intraplate seamounts

The extensive intraplate seamounts are obvious features in the northern South China Sea (SCS). However, the distribution, volume, and origin of these seamounts are not well understood, which greatly hinders our understanding of magmatism in the SCS. Based on high‐resolution bathymetric data and 147 seismic profiles, and combining gravity and magnetic data, we first identify 45 seamounts in the northern margin of the SCS and simulate their shape with elliptical cones. Results show that the total volume of these 45 seamounts above seafloor is estimated at about 1885–3078 km3 and the total volume of intrusive magma above Moho is about 0.15 Mkm3, which is close to the estimates for classic large igneous provinces across the world. These seamounts are mostly located on the continental slope with thin crust (approximately 12–18 km), which reduces the overlying pressure and shortens the magmatic conduits. The dominant azimuth of elliptical major axis in seamounts is consistent with the synrift and synspreading fault strikes (NE‐NEE), indicating that these preexisting faults provide magmatic conduits for the subsequent postrift intraplate seamounts. Based on three existing clues, i.e., (1) the intraplate seamounts, high velocity layer and Hainan mantle plume are contiguous in 3‐D space, (2) the high‐velocity layer is thicker beneath the continental shelf but thinner beneath the slope, and (3) the basalts dredged from certain seamounts show OIB‐type geochemical features, we propose a magmatic upwelling pattern which contains Hainan mantle plume to explain the spatial and morphological characteristics of these intraplate seamounts.
SURFACE BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF POROUS TITANIUM STRUCTURES WITH STEM CELLS

Successful tissue regeneration requires scaffolds with mechanical stability or biodegradability, surface roughness, and porosity to provide a suitable microenvironment for sufficient cell interaction, migration, cell proliferation, and differentiation. This study features the design, fabrication, and biocompatibility testing of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy scaffolds. Cylindrical titanium samples were tested, where each sample had a porous structure with pore sizes of 0.4 mm, 0.8 mm, and 1.0 mm respectively, which were seeded with chorionic-derived mesenchymal stem cells (CMSCs). The viability of the seeded CMSCs was evaluated using the MTT test. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect and biocompatibility of porous titanium scaffolds. CMSCs showed the highest viability, adhesion to surfaces, and good proliferation on samples with 0.4 mm pore size, on the other hand, the pore size of 1.0 mm showed relatively lowest compatibility with cells and their proliferation. However, the viability of cells on all tested sizes of porous titanium scaffolds showed sufficient viability for future use in regenerative medicine.
A Graphene–Pure‐Sulfur Sandwich Structure for Ultrafast, Long‐Life Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Lithium-sulfur (Li–S) batteries have high specific capacities and are considered as next-generation batteries for large-scale energy storage and electric vehicles. However, rapid capacity fade and low sulfur utilisation inhibit their use. We designed a unique sandwich structure with pure sulfur between two graphene membranes, which are continuously produced over a large area, as a very simple but effective approach for the fabrication of Li–S batteries with ultrafast charge/discharge rates and long-life. One membrane was used as a graphene current collector (GCC) to replace the conventional aluminium foil current collector, and sulfur was coated onto this membrane as the active material. The other membrane was coated onto a conventional polymer separator (G-separator). This electrode showed a high specific capacity of 1340 mA h g−1 at 300 mA g−1, a Coulombic efficiency approaching 100%, excellent high-rate performance and long cyclic stability. The GCC and G-separator not only effectively reduce the internal resistance of the sulfur cathode but also function as buffer layers to trap/immobilise and reuse the dissolved lithium polysulfides. Furthermore, for the first time, three-dimensional X-ray microtomography was used to investigate sulfur diffusion during electrochemical charge/discharge.
ERP SYSTEM SELECTION BY AHP METHOD: CASE STUDY FROM TURKEY

─Abstract ─ An Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is a critical investment that can significantly affect competitiveness of a corporate in the future. There are many national and international ERP vendors in Turkey. This study presents a comprehensive framework for selecting a suitable ERP system by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). AHP method, directs how to determine the priority of a set of alternatives and the relative importance of attributes in a multiple criteria decision-making problem. The framework can systematically construct the objectives of an ERP selection to support the business goals and strategies of an enterprise. A real-world case from Turkey demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed framework.
Spatio-temporal Analysis for New York State SPARCS Data

Increased accessibility of health data provides unique opportunities to discover spatio-temporal patterns of diseases. For example, New York State SPARCS (Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System) data collects patient level detail on patient demographics, diagnoses, services, and charges for each hospital inpatient stay and outpatient visit. Such data also provides home addresses for each patient. This paper presents our preliminary work on spatial, temporal, and spatial-temporal analysis of disease patterns for New York State using SPARCS data. We analyzed spatial distribution patterns of typical diseases at ZIP code level. We performed temporal analysis of common diseases based on 12 years’ historical data. We then compared the spatial variations for diseases with different levels of clustering tendency, and studied the evolution history of such spatial patterns. Case studies based on asthma demonstrated that the discovered spatial clusters are consistent with prior studies. We visualized our spatial-temporal patterns as animations through videos.
Saturation Numbers in Tripartite Graphs

Given graphs H and F, a subgraph G⊆H is an F‐saturated subgraph of H if F⊈G , but F⊆G+e for all e∈E(H)∖E(G) . The saturation number of F in H, denoted sat (H,F) , is the minimum number of edges in an F‐saturated subgraph of H. In this article, we study saturation numbers of tripartite graphs in tripartite graphs. For ℓ≥1 and n1, n2, and n3 sufficiently large, we determine sat (Kn1,n2,n3,Kℓ,ℓ,ℓ) and sat (Kn1,n2,n3,Kℓ,ℓ,ℓ−1) exactly and sat (Kn1,n2,n3,Kℓ,ℓ,ℓ−2) within an additive constant. We also include general constructions of Kℓ,m,p ‐saturated subgraphs of Kn1,n2,n3 with few edges for ℓ≥m≥p>0 .
Methionine-Dependence Phenotype in the de novo Pathway in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers with and without Breast Cancer

Methionine-dependence phenotype (MDP) refers to the reduced ability of cells to proliferate when methionine is restricted and/or replaced by its immediate precursor homocysteine. MDP is a characteristic of human tumors in vivo, human tumor cell lines, and normal somatic tissue in some individuals. It was hypothesized that MDP is a risk factor for developing breast cancer in BRCA (BRCA1 and BRCA2) germline mutation carriers. To test the hypothesis, human peripheral blood lymphocytes of BRCA carriers with and without breast cancer and healthy non-carrier relatives (controls) were cultured for 9 days in medium containing either 0.1 mmol/L l-methionine or 0.2 mmol/L d,l-homocysteine, with the ratio of viable cell growth in both types of medium after 9 days used to calculate the methionine-dependence index (MDI), a measure of MDP. We also tested whether MDP was associated with common polymorphisms in methionine metabolism. Viable cell growth, MDI, and polymorphism frequency in MTRR (A66G and C524T) and MTHFR (A1298C and A1793G) did not differ among the study groups; however, MDI tended to be higher in BRCA carriers with breast cancer than those without and was significantly increased in MTHFR 677T allele carriers relative to wild-type carriers (P = 0.017). The presence of MTR A2756G mutant allele and MTHFR C677T mutant allele in carriers was associated with increased breast cancer risk [odds ration, 3.2 (P = 0.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-13.9) and 3.9 (P = 0.09; 95% confidence interval, 0.93-16.3), respectively]. The results of this study support the hypothesis that defects in methionine metabolism may be associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA carriers. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(10):2565–71)