Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and body composition of the child at age 6 y: the Generation R Study.

BACKGROUND Maternal diet during pregnancy may affect body composition of the offspring later in life, but evidence is still scarce. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine whether maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy are associated with body composition of the child at age 6 y. METHODS This study was performed among 2695 Dutch mother-child pairs from a population-based prospective cohort study from fetal life onward. Maternal diet was assessed in early pregnancy by a 293-item semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. Vegetable, fish, and oil; nuts, soy, and high-fiber cereals; and margarine, snacks, and sugar dietary patterns were derived from principal component analysis. We measured weight and height of the child at age 6 y at the research center. Total body fat and regional fat mass percentages of the child were assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS In the crude models, statistically significant associations were found for higher adherence to the vegetable, fish, and oil dietary pattern and the nuts, soy, and high-fiber cereals dietary pattern with lower body mass index, lower fat mass index, and lower risk of being overweight, but none of these associations remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. We found no associations between the margarine, snacks, and sugar dietary pattern and any of the outcomes. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the associations between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and body composition of the child at age 6 y are to a large extent explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors of mother and child.
A 25-kD inhibitor of actin polymerization is a low molecular mass heat shock protein

The 25-kD inhibitor of actin polymerization (25-kD IAP), isolated from turkey smooth muscle (Miron, T., M. Wilchek, and B. Geiger, 1988. Eur. J. Biochem. 178:543-553), is shown here to be a low molecular mass heat shock protein (HSP). Direct sequence analysis of the purified protein, as well as cloning and sequencing of the respective cDNA, disclosed a high degree of homology (67% identity, 80% similarity) to the human 27- kD HSP. Southern blot of chicken genomic DNA disclosed one band, suggesting the presence of a single gene, and Northern blot analysis revealed abundant transcript of approximately 1 kb in gizzard and heart tissues and lower amounts in total 18-d chick embryo RNA and in cultured fibroblasts. Exposure of the latter cells to 45 degrees C resulted in over 15-fold increase in the apparent level of the 25-kD IAP protein, confirming that its expression is regulated by heat shock. Immunofluorescent microscopic localization indicated that after heat treatment, the levels of the 25-kD IAP were markedly increased and the protein was apparently associated with cytoplasmic granules. Heat shock also had a transient, yet prominent, effect on the microfilament system in cultured fibroblasts: stress fibers disintegrated within 10-15 min after incubation at 45 degrees C, yet upon further incubation at the elevated temperature, conspicuous actin bundles were apparently reformed.
Practical Experiences with torque Meta-Scheduling in the Czech National Grid

The Czech National Grid Infrastructure went through a complex transition in the last year. The production environment has been switched from a commercial batch system PBSPro, which was replaced by an open source alternative Torque batch system. This paper concentrates on two aspects of this transition. First, we will present our practical experience with Torque being used as a production ready batch system. Our modified version of Torque, with all the necessary PBSPro ex- clusive features re-implemented and further extended with new features like cloud-like behaviour, was deployed across the entire production environment, covering the entire Czech Republic for almost a full year. In the second part, we will present our work on meta-scheduling. This in- volves our work on distributed architecture and cloud-grid convergence. The distributed architecture was designed to overcome the limitations of a central server setup, which was originally used and presented stability and performance issues. While this paper does not discuss the inclusion of cloud interfaces into grids, it does present the dynamic infrastructure, which is a requirement for sharing the grid infrastructure between a batch system and a cloud gateway. We are also inviting everyone to try out our fork of the Torque batch system, which is now publicly available.
Fast adaptive guidance against highly maneuvering targets

An adaptive guidance law applicable to a short-range homing missile is investigated against a highly maneuvering target that has the same maximum maneuver acceleration as the missile. In practice, it is difficult to measure the target acceleration with precision and without time delay. The objective of this study is to design a guidance law that can intercept a target within the acceptable miss distance in the presence of unknown target acceleration and guidance command saturation. For this, the main idea of this paper is to apply the fast adaptive control approach to estimating the tangential component of the unknown target acceleration. Moreover, the auxiliary signal is introduced to prevent the presence of the guidance command saturation from destroying the desired adaptive performance. The proposed guidance law can be classified as an augmented proportional navigation guidance (PNG) law with the actual target acceleration component being replaced by its accurate estimate. Simulation results illustrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed guidance law in comparison with other guidance laws with the absence and presence of measurement noise.
How Messages Affect Their Senders: A More General Model of Message Effects and Implications for Deliberation

This paper argues that in all areas of communication theory, we should give greater consideration to the possibility of expression affecting the expresser. A general model of the effects of messages on both senders and receivers is introduced, organizing and resolving contradictions in past research by distinguishing between effects of the expectation of expression, effects of message composition, and effects of a message being released to others. When applied to deliberation, the model results in several experimentally testable explanations of causal mechanisms involved in deliberation’s predicted effects, a stronger basis for the distinction between deliberative and argumentative discussion, and several tentative practical recommendations for encouraging open-mindedness in deliberation. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2007. 00306.x When both scholars and laypeople attempt to explain communication, they most often do so using a reception-effects paradigm in which all effects of communication are assumed to result from message reception. Communication is thought of in terms of several related metaphors, such as information flow and information transmission (Krippendorff, 1993), all of which imply that preexisting information travels in some form from one actor to another and then has its effects, if any, on arrival. This paradigm guides our thinking away from several possibilities, including that the act of expression might change the message sender, that expressed ideas often do not exist intact, if at all, in the sender’s mind prior to expression, and that attention to— and thus effects of—received messages may result from the expectation of being able to respond. This paper offers a general model of the effects of both sending and receiving messages, organizes the disconnected but substantial empirical evidence for its expression-effects propositions, and illustrates the model’s utility by using it to generate alternative explanations of some of the predicted effects of deliberation.
On 2-Level Polytopes Arising in Combinatorial Settings

2-level polytopes naturally appear in several areas of pure and applied mathematics, including combinatorial optimization, polyhedral combinatorics, communication complexity, and statistics. In this paper, we present a study of some 2-level polytopes arising in combinatorial settings. Our first contribution is proving that v(P)*f(P) is upper bounded by d*2^(d+1), for a large collection of families of such polytopes P. Here v(P) (resp. f(P)) is the number of vertices (resp. facets) of P, and d is its dimension. Whether this holds for all 2-level polytopes was asked in [Bohn et al., ESA 2015], and experimental results from [Fiorini et al., ISCO 2016] showed it true up to dimension 7. The key to most of our proofs is a deeper understanding of the relations among those polytopes and their underlying combinatorial structures. This leads to a number of results that we believe to be of independent interest: a trade-off formula for the number of cliques and stable sets in a graph; a description of stable matching polytopes as affine projections of certain order polytopes; and a linear-size description of the base polytope of matroids that are 2-level in terms of cuts of an associated tree.
Design of PID Controller for SISO and TITO Systems – A Study with Heuristic Algorithms

— This paper proposes a study on heuristic algorithms based PID controller design for a class of Single Input Single Output (SISO) and Two Input and Two Output (TITO) systems. In this work, well known heuristic methods such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Improved PSO (IPSO), Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO), hybrid algorithm (PSO+BFO) and Firefly Algorithm (FA) are chosen to find the optimal K p , K i , K d values based on the chosen SISO and TITO process models. For the SISO systems, the well known PID and set-point filter based PID controllers are implemented and for the TITO process models, a decentralised PID controller design is proposed. In this work, the optimization process is focused to search the best possible controller parameters ( K p , K i , K d ) by minimizing the multi objective performance index chosen to guide the heuristic search. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme has been confirmed through a comparative study with heuristic procedures and the classical controller tuning methods proposed in the literature. The results show that, heuristic algorithm assisted approach provides enhanced performance in effective reference tracking with minimal ISE and IAE values. Finally the robustness of the SISO system is validated by operating the unstable systems in the presence of a measurement noise. The results testify that the PSO-BFO tuned set-point filter based PID performs well in tracking the change in reference signal even in the noisy environment. The FA based procedure on the TITO system also offered better result on the TITO process compared with others approaches existing in the literature.
Is It a New Feature or Simply “Don't Know Yet”?: On Automated Redundant OSS Feature Requests Identification

Open source projects rely on issue tracking systems such as JIRA or online forums to keep track of users' feedback, expectations and requested features. However, since users are not fully aware of existing features, when submitting new feature requests, redundant requests often appear in the new feature list. It is a waste of time and effort for project contributors to manually identify and reject them, especially in complex systems with many features. Our research is aiming to find a suitable solution to identify redundant feature requests in OSS projects. We have conducted a survey on a well-known Open Source community, Hibernate and gathered all of its feature requests up-to-date. Through studying and categorizing the characteristics of these feature requests, we have found that about 37% of the feature requests were rejected and the most common rejection reason was redundancy. Also we have found that it is very expensive to identify and resolve these redundant feature requests. In this paper, we have proposed our solution to automatically identify redundant feature requests through a Feature Tree Model along with a future research agenda.
Gain Enhancement for Two Layer Elliptical Metasurface Antenna Design with L-Slot

A novel high gain broadband antenna with two layers elliptical metasurface structure is presented. Through the characteristic mode analysis (CMA) of the ordinary microstrip antenna with rectangular slot, the possibility of broadband resonance is found, and then the metasurface structure is loaded to realize the characteristics of the antenna. In order to make up for the groove of its gain curve, the second layer of the same type of metasurface structure is introduced, and the high gain of the antenna is realized. The simulation results show that the bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 1.5 GHz (33.3%) from 3.75 GHz to 5.25 GHz, and its maximum gain is 8.3 dBi at 5.25 GHz, the gain of the proposed antenna is 1 to 3 dBi higher than that of the single-layer metasurface antenna.
Heterogeneity of diabetes in south Asian patients in Bradford, West Yorkshire

The incidence of type 1 diabetes in children in India and Pakistan is remarkably low.1 However, south Asian children resident in the UK have a rising incidence of type 1 diabetes,2 approaching that of the indigenous population.3 There is particular concern about the emergence of type 2 diabetes in children, and the consequent morbidity and mortality.4,5 South Asian children are particularly at risk of type 2 diabetes. A total of 160 children aged 0–16 attend the diabetic clinic in Bradford, of which 58 (38%) are of south Asian origin. In comparison, south Asian children comprise 27% and 32% of the primary and secondary school populations, respectively. Most have type 1 diabetes, but some have more unusual conditions not seen in the indigenous children. A girl aged 11 …
Motion Correction Strategies for Interventional Angiography Images: A Comparative Approach

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is an important tool in interventional procedures and enables the surgeon to visualize the blood vessels in the projection X-ray images. Due to the motion of patient as well as motion of internal tissues constituting the background anatomy of the patient, the difference images may contain motion artifacts. The artifacts due to motion may be severe enough to make the visualization useless or erroneous and the images need to be motion compensated. Image registration is used for motion correction of DSA images such that the background mask image is placed in coordinates of the blood vessel enhanced image. The background structures are aligned as a result of image registration and are therefore removed from the subtraction image. There exist a large number of image registration techniques depending upon the application and the available information. In this paper, we compare two intensity based image registration techniques for motion correction of DSA images using signal-to-noise ratio as the evaluation metric. The methods discussed are: inverse consistent linear elastic image registration using B-splines and modified demons method, using a hierarchical strategy that focuses on region of intensity differences, like HAMMER. Both methods derive the driving function from image intensities, but impose different kind of constraints.
A Pilot Trial on Pulmonary Emphysema Quantification and Perfusion Mapping in a Single-Step Using Contrast-Enhanced Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

Objectives:To know whether contrast-enhanced dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DECTA) can be used for simultaneous assessment of emphysema quantification and regional perfusion evaluation. Materials and Methods:We assessed 27 patients who had pulmonary emphysema and no pulmonary embolism on visual assessment of CT images, among 584 consecutive patients who underwent DECTA for the evaluation of pulmonary embolism. Virtual noncontrast (VNC) images were generated by modifying the “Liver VNC” application in a dedicated workstation. Using in-house software, the low-attenuation area below 950HU (LAA950), the 15th percentile attenuation (15pctlVNC) and the mean lung attenuation (MeanVNC) were calculated. The “Lung PBV” application was used to assess perfusion, and the low-iodine area below 5HU (LIA5), the 15th percentile iodine (15pctlIodine), and the mean iodine value (MeanIodine) were calculated from iodine map images. The correlation between VNC parameters and pulmonary function test data (available in 22 patients) and the correlation between VNC and iodine map parameters (all included 27 patients) were assessed. Color-coded map of VNC image were compared with iodine map images for the evaluation of regional heterogeneity. Results:We observed moderate correlations between LAA950 and predicted %FEV1 (rs = −0.47, P < 0.05), and 15pctlVNC and predicted %FEV1 (rs = 0.56, P < 0.05). We also observed significant correlations between LAA950 and LIA5 (rs = 0.48, P < 0.05), 15pctlVNC and 15pctlIodine (rs = 0.59, P = 0.001), and MeanVNC and MeanIodine (rs = 0.47, P < 0.05). On visual assessment of the regional heterogeneity, 82% of patients showed relatively good correlation between the areas of perfusion impairment on iodine map images and areas of emphysema on color-coded VNC images. Conclusions:We observed moderate correlations between quantitative parameters on VNC images and pulmonary function test data, and also observed moderate correlations between the severity of parenchymal destruction, as determined from VNC images, and perfusion status, as determined from iodine maps. Therefore, the contrast-enhanced DECTA can be used for the emphysema quantification and regional perfusion evaluation by using the VNC images and iodine map, simultaneously.
Practical Integer Overflow Prevention

Integer overflows in commodity software are a main source for software bugs, which can result in exploitable memory corruption vulnerabilities and may eventually contribute to powerful software based exploits, i.e., code reuse attacks (CRAs). In this paper, we present IntGuard , a tool that can repair integer overflows with high-quality source code repairs. Specifically, given the source code of a program, IntGuard first discovers the location of an integer overflow error by using static source code analysis and satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solving. IntGuard then generates integer multi-precision code repairs based on modular manipulation of SMT constraints as well as an extensible set of customizable code repair patterns. We have implemented and evaluated IntGuard with 2052 C programs (approx. 1 Mil. LOC) available in the currently largest open- source test suite for C/C++ programs and with a benchmark containing large and complex programs. The evaluation results show that IntGuard can precisely (i.e., no false positives are accidentally repaired), with low computational and runtime overhead repair programs with very small binary and source code blow-up. In a controlled experiment, we show that IntGuard is more time-effective and achieves a higher repair success rate than manually generated code repairs.
Transient activation of β-catenin signalling in adult mouse epidermis is sufficient to induce new hair follicles but continuous activation is required to maintain hair follicle tumours

When β-catenin signalling is disturbed from mid-gestation onwards lineage commitment is profoundly altered in postnatal mouse epidermis. We have investigated whether adult epidermis has the capacity forβ -catenin-induced lineage conversion without prior embryonic priming. We fused N-terminally truncated, stabilised β-catenin to the ligand-binding domain of a mutant oestrogen receptor (ΔNβ-cateninER). Δ Nβ-cateninER was expressed in the epidermis of transgenic mice under the control of the keratin 14 promoter and β-catenin activity was induced in adult epidermis by topical application of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT). Within 7 days of daily 4OHT treatment resting hair follicles were recruited into the hair growth cycle and epithelial outgrowths formed from existing hair follicles and from interfollicular epidermis. The outgrowths expressed Sonic hedgehog, Patched and markers of hair follicle differentiation, indicative of de novo follicle formation. The interfollicular epidermal differentiation program was largely unaffected but after an initial wave of sebaceous gland duplication sebocyte differentiation was inhibited. A single application of 4OHT was as effective as repeated doses in inducing new follicles and growth of existing follicles. Treatment of epidermis with 4OHT for 21 days resulted in conversion of hair follicles to benign tumours resembling trichofolliculomas. The tumours were dependent on continuous activation of β-catenin and by 28 days after removal of the drug they had largely regressed. We conclude that interfollicular epidermis and sebaceous glands retain the ability to be reprogrammed in adult life and that continuousβ -catenin signalling is required to maintain hair follicle tumours.
Multi-model Fusion Network for Tourism Prediction

Tourism prediction plays a crucial role in the vibrant development of the tourism industry. As the complexity of tourism data continues to increase, the potential features contained within tourism data also become abundant. Traditional prediction methods struggle to exploit the latent features within tourism data, as well as the temporal and spatial characteristics of the data simultaneously. To address this issue, a spatiotemporal network (ST-Net) prediction model that combines multiple models is proposed. Initially, the dimension of the data is enhanced using empirical mode decomposition, increasing the spatiotemporal features of 1D tourism data. Then, the spatiotemporal graph convolutional network and gated recurrent unit models are employed to accurately extract tourism features, further incorporating the temporal and spatial feature information of the tourism data. Finally, the transformer and long short-term memory models are used collaboratively for regressive prediction in tourism. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ST-Net prediction model is more accurate, efficient, and stable than similar approaches.
Enhancing Arabic Text Classification with a Hybrid Word Embedding Method

In this work, we propose a novel hybrid neural network architecture that combines the contextual sensitivity of Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRUs) with the semantic power of pre-trained FastText word embeddings. By incorporating Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) weighted features, our method improves feature representation by emphasizing both term significance and document-specific word usage. This combination makes it possible to represent text data in a more nuanced way, particularly for morphologically rich languages. Prior to classification via a dense layer, our model captures both the distinct contextual importance of terms and the deep semantic relationships encoded in the embeddings by concatenating the output of the BiGRU layers with TF-IDF features. The effectiveness of combining different machine learning techniques is highlighted by our results, which show a significant improvement in classification performance over traditional models. The results show that our hybrid approach, which achieved an impressive accuracy result of 0.97, can be a useful tool for difficult language tasks. It provides excellent accuracy as well as insightful information about how algorithmic text analysis is developing.