Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic attention to emotional stimuli: Neural correlates

We investigated the capability of emotional and nonemotional visual stimulation to capture automatic attention, an aspect of the interaction between cognitive and emotional processes that has received scant attention from researchers. Event‐related potentials were recorded from 37 subjects using a 60‐electrode array, and were submitted to temporal and spatial principal component analyses to detect and quantify the main components, and to source localization software (LORETA) to determine their spatial origin. Stimuli capturing automatic attention were of three types: emotionally positive, emotionally negative, and nonemotional pictures. Results suggest that initially (P1: 105 msec after stimulus), automatic attention is captured by negative pictures, and not by positive or nonemotional ones. Later (P2: 180 msec), automatic attention remains captured by negative pictures, but also by positive ones. Finally (N2: 240 msec), attention is captured only by positive and nonemotional stimuli. Anatomically, this sequence is characterized by decreasing activation of the visual association cortex (VAC) and by the growing involvement, from dorsal to ventral areas, of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Analyses suggest that the ACC and not the VAC is responsible for experimental effects described above. Intensity, latency, and location of neural activity related to automatic attention thus depend clearly on the stimulus emotional content and on its associated biological importance. Hum. Brain Mapp. 22:290–299, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Crystal structure of cold-active protein-tyrosine phosphatase from a psychrophile, Shewanella sp.

The cold-active protein-tyrosine phosphatase (CAPTPase) of a psychrophile, Shewanella sp. , shows high catalytic activity below 20 degrees C. The catalytic residue of CAPTPase is histidine, as opposed to the cysteine of known protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases), and the enzyme protein has three amino acid sequences, Asp-Xaa-His, Gly-Asp-Xaa-Xaa-Asp-Arg and Gly-Asn-His-Glu, that are observed in many protein-serine/threonine phosphatases (PS/TPases). We have determined the crystal structures of CAPTPase at 1.82 angstroms and the enzyme bound with a phosphate ion at 1.90 angstroms resolution using X-ray crystallography and the multiple isomorphous replacement method. The final refined models are comprised of 331 amino acid residues, two metal ions, 447 water molecules, and an acetate or phosphate ion in an asymmetric unit. The enzyme protein consists of three beta-sheets, termed Sheet I, Sheet I', and Sheet II, and 14 alpha-helices. The CAPTPase has a different overall structure from known protein-tyrosine phosphatases. The arrangement of two metal ions, a phosphate ion and the adjacent amino acid residues in the catalytic site of CAPTPase is identical to that of PS/TPases. Thus, it was confirmed that the CAPTPase was a novel PTPase with a conformation similar to the catalytic site of PS/TPase. We speculate that the hydrophobic moiety around the catalytic residue of CAPTPase might play an important role in eliciting high activity at low temperature.
Depth dependence of the frictional behavior of montmorillonite fault gouge: Implications for seismicity along a décollement zone

To understand the seismogenic potential of shallow plate‐boundary thrust faults (décollements) in relatively warm subduction zones, water‐saturated Na‐montmorillonite gouges were sheared at a pore fluid pressure of 10 MPa, effective normal stresses (σneff) of 10–70 MPa, temperatures (T) of 25–150°C, and axial displacement rates of 0.03–3 μm/s. The Na‐montmorillonite gouges were frictionally very weak at all conditions tested (steady state friction coefficient μss = 0.05–0.09). At T ≤ 60°C, Na‐montmorillonite showed a transition from velocity‐strengthening to velocity‐weakening behavior with increasing σneff, whereas at T ≥ 90°C it was largely velocity neutral or velocity strengthening, irrespective of σneff. The rates of frictional healing (β) showed extremely low values (mostly <0.001) at all temperatures. Our results suggest that the existence of Na‐montmorillonite in the décollement zone at Costa Rica and Nankai promotes aseismic slip, particularly at shallow depths, forming weakly coupled regions.
Floral diagrams and inflorescences: interactive flower modeling using botanical structural constraints

We present a system for modeling flowers in three dimensions quickly and easily while preserving correct botanical structures. We use floral diagrams and inflorescences, which were developed by botanists to concisely describe structural information of flowers. Floral diagrams represent the layout of floral components on a single flower, while inflorescences are arrangements of multiple flowers. Based on these notions, we created a simple user interface that is specially tailored to flower editing, while retaining a maximum variety of generable models. We also provide sketching interfaces to define the geometries of floral components. Separation of structural editing and editing of geometry makes the authoring process more flexible and efficient. We found that even novice users could easily design various flower models using our technique. Our system is an example of application-customized sketching, illustrating the potential power of a sketching interface that is carefully designed for a specific application.
Anxiety and Depressive Disorders in Adolescents. Contemporary Psycho-spiritual and Therapeutic Values

This work is a continuation of a study on `Depressive and anxiety disorders in adolescents. A psycho-spiritual approach and statistical contextualization` and highlights from a theoretical perspective the interdependent relationship between the spiritual and mental health, which should be seriously contemplated when creating a therapy plan for adolescents with depressive and anxiety disorders. It also deals with the connection between health and the temptations of the current world, which theology and spirituality distinguish in the multitude of emotional and psychological disorders. Additionally, this study showcases the psychotherapies in a synthetic manner: cognitive-behavioral, existential, logotherapy and interpersonal psychotherapy and highlights the inherent value of their interconnection with religious acts such as fasting, prayer, confession, which support the medical-psychological therapeutics, providing adolescents with discipline in the process of healing these contemporary pathologies.
Representing the Intangible Cultural Heritage Knowledge Graph with Vector Embedding

The construction and effective application of an intangible cultural heritage knowledge graph (ICH KG) can realize the knowledge integration, and optimize the ICH knowledge management. However, high complexity and low computational efficiency of ICH KG make its application face challenges. We propose a multi-source knowledge graph embedding (KGE) model named ICHMKGE to convert the ICH KG into the vector representations to improve the computational efficiency of ICH KG and promote the digital sustainable development of ICH. Firstly, we take the Chinese ICH project 24 solar terms as an example and combine multiple official data sources to construct the Chinese ICH KG as a basis for this study. Secondly, as the ICH project is being further explored with the limited coverage of ICH knowledge, entity sparsity poses a serious challenge for ICH KGE. This paper employs the BERT model to encode the complete description information of entities, and establishes connection between triples entities and ontology concepts via cross-view modeling. Finally, the proposed ICHMKGE model is compared with the baseline models, and the experimental results demonstrate that the model exhibits superiority.
Automatic construction of parallel English-Chinese corpus for cross-language information retrieval

A major obstacle to the construction of a probabilistic translation model is the lack of large parallel corpora. In this paper we first describe a parallel text mining system that finds parallel texts automatically on the Web. The generated Chinese-English parallel corpus is used to train a probabilistic translation model which translates queries for Chinese-English cross-language information retrieval (CLIR). We will discuss some problems in translation model training and show the preliminary CLIR results.
Metallothionein-III Prevents γ-Ray-induced 8-Oxoguanine Accumulation in Normal and hOGG1-depleted Cells*

Metallothioneins (MT) play an important biological role in preventing oxidative damage to cells. We have previously demonstrated that the efficiency of the protective effect of MT-III against the DNA degradation from oxidative damage was much higher than that of MT-I/II. As an extension of the latter investigation, this study aimed to assess the ability of MT-III to suppress 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), which is one of the major base lesions formed after an oxidative attack to DNA and the mutant frequency of the HPRT gene in human fibroblast GM00637 cells upon exposure to γ-rays. We found that human MT-III expression decreased the level of 8-oxoG and mutation frequency in the γ-irradiated cells. Using an 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1)-specific siRNAs, we also found that MT-III expression resulted in the suppression of the γ-radiation-induced 8-oxoG accumulation and mutation in the OGG1-depleted cells. Moreover, the down-regulation of MT in human neuroblastoma SKNSH cells induced by MT-specific siRNA led to a significant increase in the 8-oxoG level, after exposure to γ-irradiation. These results suggest that under the conditions of γ-ray oxidative stress, MT-III prevents the γ-radiation-induced 8-oxoG accumulation and mutation in normal and hOGG1-depleted cells, and this suppression might, at least in part, contribute to the anticarcinogenic and neuroprotective role of MT-III.
Efficacy of intravenous itraconazole against experimental pulmonary aspergillosis

The efficacy of intravenous itraconazole solubilized in hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin was assessed in a rat model of Aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia. Immunosuppressed rats were infected by intratracheal inoculation of A. fumigatus conidia. Intravenous administration of various doses of itraconazole was started immediately after infection and continued once a day for 7 days. A 10-mg dose of intravenous itraconazole per kg was as effective on survival as 1 mg of amphotericin B per kg daily (a survival rate of 100% in 28 days), while treatment with 1 mg/kg did not increase the survival rate. The 50% lethal dose of intravenous itraconazole given to immunosuppressed and uninfected rats for 7 days was 24.5 mg/kg/day. A microbiological assay to estimate accumulation in tissue after five daily intravenous administrations of itraconazole at 10 mg/kg showed that itraconazole and its active metabolites were present in the lungs for at least 6 h, reaching the MIC as previously described (B. Dupont and E. Drouchet, Rev. Infect. Dis. 9(Suppl. 1):71-76, 1987; A. Espinel-Ingroff, S. Shadomy, and R. J. Gebhart, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 26:5-9, 1984). Intravenous itraconazole was considered to be worth evaluating in clinical trials of aspergillosis.
Reduced Cortical g -Aminobutyric Acid Levels in Depressed Patients Determined by Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Background: Several lines of emerging evidence suggest that dysfunction of g -aminobutyric acid (GABA) systems is associated with major depression. However, investigation of this hypothesis is limited by difficulty obtaining noninvasive in vivo measures of brain GABA levels. In this study we used in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the hypothesis that abnormalities in the GABA neurotransmitter system are associated with the neurobiologic processes of depression. Methods: The GABA levels were measured in the occipital cortex of medication-free depressed patients meeting DSM-IV criteria (n = 14) and healthy control subjects with no history of mental illness (n = 18) using a localized difference editing proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy protocol. An analysis of covariance was employed to examine the effects of depression, sex, and age. Results: The depressed patients demonstrated a highly significant (52%) reduction in occipital cortex GABA levels compared with the group of healthy subjects. While there were significant age and sex effects, there was no interaction of diagnosis with either age or sex. Conclusion: This study provides the first evidence of ab-normally low cortical GABA concentrations in the brains of depressed patients.
Asymptotic behaviour of multiple scattering on inﬁnite number of parallel demi-planes

The exact solution for the scattering of electromagnetic waves on an inﬁnite number of parallel demi-planes has been obtained by J.F. Carlson and A.E. Heins in 1947 using the Wiener-Hopf method [7]. We analyze their solution in the semiclassical limit of small wavelength and ﬁnd the asymptotic behaviour of the reﬂection and transmission coeﬃcients. The results are compared with the ones obtained within the Kirchhoﬀ approximation.
Elevational distribution patterns of understory forest bird in Western Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo

The elevational distribution pattern of understorey avian communities of mountainous region in western Sarawak was studied between March 2016 and April 2017 using mist-nets with total effort of 2,800 net-days. This has resulted in 1,039 individuals from 28 families and 112 species, which includes four Bornean endemic and two montane endemic species. Species accumulation curve shows that there is no additional species recorded which suggest sampling saturation. Number of bird species recorded at the four elevations ranges were 82 (<300 m), 78 (300 – 599 m), 40 (600 – 899 m), 30 (900 – 1200 m), of which 17 species were recorded exclusively at elevation <300 m, 11 at 300 – 599 m, five at 600 – 899 m, and seven at 900 – 1200 m. The highest bird species diversity and richness occurred between of 300 – 599 m asl. Of the 112 species recorded, two (1.8%) of the species are listed as Vulnerable, 30 (26.8%) species as Near Threatened and 80 (71.4%) species as Least Concern by IUCN (2017). A total of 15 species (13.4%) are protected under the Sarawak Wild Life Protection Ordinance 1998. This study also revealed some differences in terms of species composition between elevations.
New companding transform for PAPR reduction in OFDM

High peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is a major drawback of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Among the various PAPR reduction techniques, companding transform appears attractive for its simplicity and effectiveness. This paper proposes a new companding algorithm. Compared with the others, the proposed algorithm offers an improved bit error rate and minimized out-of-band interference while reducing PAPR effectively. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are presented.
Deep Learning for Real-time Gravitational Wave Detection and Parameter Estimation with LIGO Data

The recent Nobel-prize-winning detections of gravitational waves from merging black holes and the subsequent detection of the collision of two neutron stars in coincidence with electromagnetic observations have inaugurated a new era of multimessenger astrophysics. To enhance the scope of this emergent science, we proposed the use of deep convolutional neural networks for the detection and characterization of gravitational wave signals in real-time. This method, Deep Filtering, was initially demonstrated using simulated LIGO noise. In this article, we present the extension of Deep Filtering using real data from the first observing run of LIGO, for both detection and parameter estimation of gravitational waves from binary black hole mergers with continuous data streams from multiple LIGO detectors. We show for the first time that machine learning can detect and estimate the true parameters of a real GW event observed by LIGO. Our comparisons show that Deep Filtering is far more computationally efficient than matched-filtering, while retaining similar sensitivity and lower errors, allowing real-time processing of weak time-series signals in non-stationary non-Gaussian noise, with minimal resources, and also enables the detection of new classes of gravitational wave sources that may go unnoticed with existing detection algorithms. This approach is uniquely suited to enable coincident detection campaigns of gravitational waves and their multimessenger counterparts in real-time.
Self-determined travel motivations and ecologically responsible attitudes of nature-based visitors to the Ramsar wetland in South China

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of self-determined travel motivations on the ecologically responsible attitudes of Ramsar wetland visitors. An on-site questionnaire survey was administered at the Ramsar wetland in Hong Kong to evaluate the self-determined travel motivations and ecologically responsible attitudes of visitors. The results show that Ramsar wetland visitors are likely to be motivated by intrinsic motives such as seeking relaxation and knowledge. Most visitors have a self-determined agenda for visiting the Ramsar wetland to fulfil their own intrinsically and extrinsically motivated desires. Our findings also suggest that the level of self-determined motivation is positively correlated with ecologically responsible attitudes, implying that if a visitor exhibits a high level of self-determined motivation to visit the Ramsar wetland, they also exhibit a more ecologically responsible attitude. The study concludes with practical implications for nature-based destination planning and management. This information can serve as an important reference for improving visitor management and planning in ecologically sensitive wetlands.
Induction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Conventional Domestic Swine Using N-Diethylnitrosamine and Phenobarbital

Purpose Large animal models are still used in many studies because of their likeness to humans. It has not been documented that regular-sized conventional farm-breed pigs, generally bred for meat production, can be used to generate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) animal models. The goal of this study was to investigate how N-diethylnitrosamine (DENA) and phenobarbital (PB) together can generate HCC in ordinary farmed pigs. Materials and Methods Conventional domestic swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) were used. DENA 15 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected weekly for 12 weeks, while PB tablets (4 mg/kg) were also administered through food for 16 weeks. Blood testing and ultrasonography evaluation were performed to monitor the progress. Subsequently, computed tomography was conducted in cases with suspected nodules, followed by histopathological examination to confirm the diagnosis. Results Ten swine (seven males, three females; age: 2 months; weight: 9–15 kg) were included in the study and followed up for 25 months; nine were experimental, and one was control for ethical considerations. The maximum weight of animals during this study reached 162–228 kg. The weight gain seen in the intervention swine was predominantly lower than that documented in the control. The laboratory analysis revealed no notable abnormalities in liver function markers but did demonstrate statistically significant changes in urea (p = 0.028) and creatinine (p = 0.003) levels. Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed multiple liver nodules with characteristics resembling HCC. Serial imaging screening and more extended observations revealed that all animals eventually developed tumors. Histopathological confirmation at 15–22 weeks post-induction revealed that all intervened swine developed multiple nodules of well-differentiated HCC and some with hepatic angiosarcoma. Conclusion This study successfully generated HCC in conventional domestic swine with a DENA and PB combination. This investigation required at least 15 months to develop tumors. This model will be beneficial for future investigations of HCC in large animals.
Stroke Recovery Genetics

Clinical outcomes after stroke are highly variable, and reasons for these variations are often unexplained. Recovery after ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke begins immediately after acute onset, and many different levels of biological responses are involved.1 These responses differ in time and between different areas of the affected brain.2 Recovery after a cerebrovascular event may, therefore, vary from being rapid, without detectable remaining neurological deficits, to prolonged improvement, if any, over months or years. Outcome prediction is consequently difficult and unreliable and often depends on factors with unclear and limited impact. Factors specific to pathophysiological subtypes of stroke add to the complexity of prediction. Stroke genetics research has shown that genome-wide association (GWA) results for stroke risk differ by subtype (for review on stroke genetics, see Lindgren3). The same might be true for stroke recovery because lesion locations vary between stroke subtypes, and different recovery mechanisms may depend on whether cortical/subcortical structures and gray or white cerebral matter are affected. Further indication for differences in outcome between stroke subtypes is that ischemic stroke patients classified as having a cardioembolic mechanism4 have greater incidence of mortality and disability,5,6 whereas for large vessel disease strokes, the risk of new events within 30 days is high, >18%. 5 However, it is also likely that some recovery pathways, for example, involved in cerebral ischemia are shared between stroke subtypes. In addition, biological factors, prevention of recurrent stroke, treatment of concomitant conditions, as well as social supports and amount of poststroke rehabilitation therapies are all relevant during recovery.7,8 But predictive models based on clinical factors remain limited by imprecision and difficulty with translation to the individual case.9 This may improve when mechanisms such as brain plasticity10 and brain stunning11 and factors that influence …
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) di Era Teknologi 5.0 pada Materi Instalasi Komputer

Augmented Reality (AR) dapat didefinisikan sebagai sebuah teknologi yang mampu menggabungkan benda maya dua dimensi atau tiga dimensi ke dalam sebuah lingkungan yang nyata kemudian memunculkannya atau memproyeksikannya secara real time. PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan literasi digital siswa serta mengoptimalkan penggunaan media digital dalam pembelajaran materi instalasi komputer. Metode PKM yang digunakan adalah dalam bentuk pendampingan dan implementasi (praktik) tentang penggunaan Augmented Reality (AR) untuk optimalisasi gadget sebagai media pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil dari pengimpelementasian teknologiAugmented Reality (AR) dapat disimpulkan bahwa AR merupakan teknologi yang praktis, efektif, dan berpengaruh positif pada materi instalasi komputer, terutama dalam bentuk media pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, penerapan media pembelajaran berbasis AR dapat memberikan kontribusi yang baik dalam meningkatkan literasi digital materi instalasi komputer di Sekolah SMKN 01 Kota Bengkulu.