Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biohumoral and endocrine parameters in assessment of surgical trauma in open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

BACKGROUND/AIM Every surgical procedure causes metabolic, endocrine, and hemodynamic stress in the organism. The aim of this work was to assess the extent of trauma following each of the two types of cholecystectomy (traditional/open and laparoscopic) by measuring palette of biochemical parameters. METHODS This prospective, single- center study included 120 patients subjected to elective cholecystectomy during the period of one year. Sixty patients were treated laparoscopically and 60 traditionally. Biohumoral and endocrine parameters were determined from 24-hour urine and blood. We measured adrenaline, noradrenaline, metabolites of corticosteroid hormones (17-hydroxyl and 17-keto steroids), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, glycemia, creatine-phosphokinase (CPK), lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH), red blood cells sedimentation and serum concentration of potassium. RESULTS We observed significantly lower levels of adrenaline (p < 0.01), noradrenaline (p < 0.05), dopamine (p < 01.01), 17-hydroxyl (p < 0.01) and 17-keto steroids (p < 0.01), glycemia (p < 0.01), CPK (p < 0.01), LDH (p < 0.01) and red blood cells sedimentation (p < 0.01) following laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared to traditional one. Significant increase in CRP levels was recorded postoperatively in both groups (p < 0.05), as well as significant decrease in serum albumin values (p < 0.05). Duration of the hospitalization following laparoscopic cholecystectomy was significantly shorter (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The intensity of organism response is proportional to the intensity of surgical trauma. Metabolic, tissue and neuroendocrine response of organism to trauma has lower intensity after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
A novel network security algorithm based on private key encryption

In cryptographic application, the data sent to a remote host are encrypted first at the source machine using an encryption key then the encrypted data are sent to the destination machine. This way the attacker will not have the encryption key which is required to get the original data and thus the hacker will be unable to do anything with the session. In this paper, we propose a novel method for data encryption and our method is based on the transformation of a text file into an image file on both client and server machines. We analyze our algorithm by calculating the number of all possible key permutations.
Structural alignment for ﬁnite-state syntactic processing

In this technical report, we present some preliminary experiments on using multiple sequence alignment (MSA) techniques for inducing monolingual ﬁnite-state tagging models that capture some global sequence information. Such MSA techniques are popular in biological sequence processing, where key information about long-distance dependencies and three-dimensional structures of protein or nucleotide sequences can be captured without re-sorting to polynomial complexity context-free models. In the natural language processing (NLP) community, such techniques have been used very little – most notably for aligning paraphrases [4] – and not at all for monolingual syntactic processing. We discuss key issues in pursuing this approach: syntactic functional alignment; inducing multiple sequence alignments; and using such alignments in tagging. Experiments are preliminary but promising.
Non-Invasive Imaging and Characterization of Human Thorax Tissues by Non-Contact Scanning Multi-Probe Laser Reflectometry and Monte Carlo Simulation

The normalized back-scattered intensity (NBI) profiles at various locations on the human thorax of a subject were obtained by multi-probe laser reflectometer. The laser radiations are guided by an optical fiber onto the human thorax tissues and the backscattered radiations are collected by three optical fibers placed at distance of 2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm from the input fiber. The data collection of the human thorax tissue is carried out using an automatic non-contact scanning system controlled by the personal computer. The data after digitization, interpolation and filtering, are color-coded and displayed on the outline of the human thorax. These NBI pattern vary depending on the muscular, anatomical and vascular compositions and also on percentage of fat composition at various locations. For optical characterization the optical parameters, scattering (mus) and absorption (mua) coefficients and the anisotropy parameter (g) at each location on the human thorax, by matching of reflectance profiles with that as simulated by a Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) procedure were determined. The point-to-point variations of the optical parameters and NBI variations at various regions of the human thorax tissues are studied
Gravitational Wave Recoil Oscillations of Black Holes: Implications for Unified Models of Active Galactic Nuclei

We consider the consequences of gravitational wave recoil for unified models of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Spatial oscillations of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) around the cores of galaxies following gravitational wave (GW) recoil imply that the SMBHs spend a significant fraction of time off-nucleus, at scales beyond that of the molecular obscuring torus. Assuming reasonable distributions of recoil velocities, we compute the off-core timescale of (intrinsically type 2) quasars. We find that roughly one-half of major mergers result in a SMBH being displaced beyond the torus for a time of 107.5 yr or more, comparable to quasar activity timescales. Since major mergers are most strongly affected by GW recoil, our results imply a deficiency of type 2 quasars in comparison to Seyfert 2 galaxies. Other consequences of the recoil oscillations for the observable properties of AGNs are also discussed.
The effects of rain on acoustic communication: tawny owls have good reason for calling less in wet weather

Numerous attempts have been made to quantify ecological factors that affect the calling range of animal signals. The various processes leading signals to become distorted and embedded in background noise have been described in many habitats (ranging from forest to savannah) and the propagation path in these biomes has thereby been characterized. However, the impact of climatic factors on acoustic communication has been little studied. Surprisingly, to our knowledge, the importance of rain, a regular phenomenon occurring in all habitats except deserts, has never been investigated. Here, we describe a 69–fold advantage in area reached by the call of a territorial bird, the tawny owl (Strix aluco) in dry versus rainy conditions. In support of this, we found a marked reduction in the calling of tawny owls in rainy conditions. Constraints imposed by a rainy propagation path are likely to modify the reliability of acoustic information and thus calling behaviour of many animals.
Optical multibeamforming network based on WDM and dispersion fiber in receive mode

We present and experimentally demonstrate an optical beamformer for the receive mode based on optical summation and dispersive fiber. This architecture allows a high number of simultaneous beams without multiplying the number of active elements. The incoherent optical summation based on wavelength division multiplexing is analyzed in term of RF dynamic range and validated by experiments
A Extended TOPSIS Method for the Stochastic Multi-Criteria Decision Making Problem through Interval Estimation

In this paper, a new method is presented for stochastic multi-criteria decision making (SMCDM) problem with incomplete weight information based on the traditional idea of TOPSIS method. In this approach, the SMCDM problem can be converted into an interval multi-criteria decision making (IMCDM) problem by interval estimation. In order to avoid the rank reversal phenomenon, the modified TOPSIS method is proposed by the concept of absolute positive and negative ideal solutions. Meanwhile, the interval values of relative closeness are computed using the simple nonlinear programming. The average relative closeness is obtained to determine the ranking of alternatives. Finally a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and practicality of proposed method.
Strategic Ecosystem Management: A Multi-case Study on Challenges and Strategies for Different Ecosystem Types

In today's business environment, value creation is a collaborative effort in which companies depend on a number of external stakeholders. This implies a shift towards inter-organizational relationships and dependencies between companies. In this shift, companies seek strategies for how to effectively coordinate standardization efforts, share maintenance costs, and engage in open innovation initiatives, while at the same time increase control and accelerate development of differentiating functionality. On the basis of a multi-case study in six B2B software development companies, this paper explores the challenges involved in managing different ecosystem types. Based on the 'Three Layer Product Model' [1], we distinguish between innovation ecosystems, differentiating ecosystems and commoditizing ecosystems. We outline the challenges the companies experience in managing these, and we develop a model in which we identify the drivers, the purpose, the stakeholders and the characteristics of each ecosystem type.
What Doesn't Meet the Eye: Understanding and Addressing Racial Disparities in High-Achieving Suburban Schools.

This paper examines racial and ethnic achievement disparities in places where schools are reputedly excellent, reporting on the 2000-2001 Ed-Excel Assessment of Secondary School Culture, which collected data on black, white, Hispanic, Asian, and mixed race students. Questions covered family characteristics, opinions about instructional quality, enjoyment of studies, achievement motivations, course taking patterns, effort, comprehension, grade point averages, and more. Overall, African American and Hispanic students in Minority Student Achievement Network districts had fewer family background advantages on average, had lower grade point averages, and reported less understanding of their lessons than Whites and Asians. They also had lower homework completion rates than Whites but spent virtually the same amount of time doing homework. Skill gaps and differences in home academic supports, not effort or motivation, appeared to be the primary explanations for their completing less homework and getting lower grades than Whites. Conversely, part of the reason that Asians completed more homework and got higher grades than other nonwhite groups was that they devoted more time to their studies. Teacher encouragement was very important in motivating nonwhite students, especially African Americans. This was truly a racial difference, mostly unrelated to socioeconomic status. (Contains 14 tables and 23 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY r E. )/q lit5f) Y1 FIK5Aootaf OA-AMA, 1 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. What Doesn't Meet the Eye: Understanding and Addressing Racial Disparities in High-Achieving Suburban Schools Ronald F. Ferguson Wiener Center for Social Policy John F. Kennedy School of Government Harvard University October 21, 2002 Please send comments to: Ronald_FergusonChHarvard. edu 617-495-1104 The author acknowledges helpful comments from John Diamond, Tom Kelly, Sarah McCann, Sara Stoutland, members of the Research Practitioner Council of the Minority Student Achievement Network and four anonymous reviewers. Thanks also to John Bishop who developed the survey upon which the paper relies, to the students who responded to it and the teachers and administrators who helped to administer it. The North Central Regional Educational Laboratory (NCREL), the Rockefeller Foundation, the Cleveland Foundation and the Gund Foundation provided financial support for data collection and analysis. 2 BEST COPY AVAELABLE
Exploring the Two-Year College Faculty Work Experience: The Active Job, the Evolving Institution and the Changing Effort-Reward Bargain

While significant research describes the occupational experiences of four-year college and university faculty, two-year college faculty have received little attention from scholars. This study enters the existing void. Fourteen two-year college faculty members from a variety of institutions in Minnesota were interviewed utilizing a semi-structured depth interview technique. Questions were derived from sociological and interdisciplinary literature pertaining to the higher education faculty experience. Two-year college faculty were found to hold active jobs, work in evolving institutions and face a decreasing effort-reward bargain. Faculty were also found to be susceptible to experiencing role strain, stress derived from group-decision making processes and person-environment misfit. Consistent with prior research, female faculty indicated experiencing considerably more strain than male faculty. Highly satisfied faculty expressed they derived their greatest pleasure from pedagogical innovation, interaction with students, student diversity, occupational autonomy and the ideals of the two-year college mission. This study adds to research in the areas of higher education institutions, hiring practices, relationships between gender and work stress in higher education and participatory occupations.
Sbdlrhmn: A Rule-based Human Interpretation System for Semantic Textual Similarity Task

In this paper, we describe the system architecture used in the Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) task 6 pilot challenge. The goal of this challenge is to accurately identify five levels of semantic similarity between two sentences: equivalent, mostly equivalent, roughly equivalent, not equivalent but sharing the same topic and no equivalence. Our participations were two systems. The first system (rule-based) combines both semantic and syntax features to arrive at the overall similarity. The proposed rules enable the system to adequately handle domain knowledge gaps that are inherent when working with knowledge resources. As such one of its main goals, the system suggests a set of domain-free rules to help the human annotator in scoring semantic equivalence of two sentences. The second system is our baseline in which we use the Cosine Similarity between the words in each sentence pair.
Connections to an Example of Deligne – Lagrange

Let us assume every continuous, Clairaut, anti-Banach functor equipped with a Perelman triangle is ordered and co-symmetric. Every student is aware that Lie’s conjecture is false in the context of Archimedes subalegebras. We show that every Euclidean functional is quasi-affine, Maclaurin and tangential. A useful survey of the subject can be found in [3]. It would be interesting to apply the techniques of [3] to non-almost everywhere Volterra, Pythagoras–de Moivre, compact monoids.
Malignant mesothelioma in Metsovo, Greece, from domestic use of asbestos: 30 years later

To the Editors: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a devastating disease, almost exclusively due to inhalation of asbestos fibres, and with higher risk for amphiboles [1]. Mediterranean regions, such as Turkey, Cyprus and Corsica, and others, such as New Caledonia [2], have experienced epidemics of MM as a result of nonoccupational, “domestic” exposure to tremolite asbestos and fibrous erionite [3]. In 1987, we reported on the very high incidence, 300 times higher than expected, of MM in the area of Metsovo, a complex of small villages in the prefecture of Ioannina in north-west Greece [4]. This, in conjunction with the previously noted very frequent pleural calcifications among Metsovites [5], led to the discovery of the culprit, a tremolite asbestos-containing whitewash (“luto” in the local dialect) [6]. The material was used by practically all households until 1940–1950. After that, it was gradually substituted by modern materials that did not contain asbestos. In 1980, luto was used by only 18% of builders and by 1990 it had been abandoned altogether (fig. 1) [7]. In 1996, we reported that the incidence of MM in the period 1985–1994 declined to one-third compared with the period 1980–1984, and we attributed the reduction to the abandonment of the use of luto. As a result, we concluded that the “Metsovo mesothelioma epidemic” would decline by 2020–2030 [8]. Figure 1– Percentage of Metsovo (Greece) households using luto from 1940–1990 (•) and the decline in Metsovo malignant mesothelioma (MM) cases between 1980 and 2009 in 5-yr (white bars) and 10-yr intervals (grey bars). In the …
Attractor Neural Networks with Local Inhibition: From Statistical Physics to a Digitial Programmable Integrated Circuit

Networks with local inhibition are shown to have enhanced computational performance with respect to the classical Hopfield-like networks. In particular the critical capacity of the network is increased as well as its capability to store correlated patterns. Chaotic dynamic behaviour (exponentially long transients) of the devices indicates the overloading of the associative memory. An implementation based on a programmable logic device is here presented. A 16 neurons circuit is implemented whit a XILINK 4020 device. The peculiarity of this solution is the possibility to change parts of the project (weights, transfer function or the whole architecture) with a simple software download of the configuration into the XILINK chip.
The Status of Preservice Education in Career and Technology Education.

A study collected baseline data about the status of teacher preservice Career and Technology Education (CTE) from program chairs at colleges and universities in the United Status. The survey had six sections: pedagogical competencies for CTE teachers, CTE certification process, course delivery, recent program revisions, CTE program demographics, and tracking information. The importance of the following competencies was measured, yielding primarily Likert scale data and categorical data: workplace readiness, student assessment, career decision-making, learning to learn, business skill, managing life roles, social development, collaboration with various segments of the community, and importance of several educational principles. Of the 673 surveys originally sent, approximately 44 percent were returned and 227 were analyzed. Findings indicated the primary model for most CTE certification areas was based on a baccalaureate degree in the given certification area; the highest rated competencies for CTE teacher preparation indicated a clear, strong commitment to meet the needs of student learning; program chairs believed that making their students effective in solving problems was a rewarding and useful purpose for CTE; and the primary method used to teach and deliver the educational program was the traditional lecture and student teaching approach, but newer methods such as the professional development school had started to make an impact on the profession. (Contains 15 references.) (YLB) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 1 The Status of Preservice Education in Career and Technology Education
A PERCLOS-Based Driver Fatigue Recognition Application for Smart Vehicle Space

The paper selected PERCLOS to evaluate driving fatigue after the comparison of various fatigue detection methods for smart vehicle space. We detected driver fatigue status by measuring the proportion of eyes closed in a certain period of time and the continued closure time. On the basis of the Haar-Like feature, AdaBoost algorithm was adopted to produce the strong classifier for face and eye detection. AdaBoost detector is employed firstly to determine human face region, locate the eyes in this region, and using an improved template matching method to detect eye States. Experiments show that this method can identify eye state rapidly and real-timely under natural light conditions, the algorithm has better robustness and real-time.
Serial Founder Effects During Range Expansion: A Spatial Analog of Genetic Drift

Range expansions cause a series of founder events. We show that, in a one-dimensional habitat, these founder events are the spatial analog of genetic drift in a randomly mating population. The spatial series of allele frequencies created by successive founder events is equivalent to the time series of allele frequencies in a population of effective size ke, the effective number of founders. We derive an expression for ke in a discrete-population model that allows for local population growth and migration among established populations. If there is selection, the net effect is determined approximately by the product of the selection coefficients and the number of generations between successive founding events. We use the model of a single population to compute analytically several quantities for an allele present in the source population: (i) the probability that it survives the series of colonization events, (ii) the probability that it reaches a specified threshold frequency in the last population, and (iii) the mean and variance of the frequencies in each population. We show that the analytic theory provides a good approximation to simulation results. A consequence of our approximation is that the average heterozygosity of neutral alleles decreases by a factor of 1 – 1/(2ke) in each new population. Therefore, the population genetic consequences of surfing can be predicted approximately by the effective number of founders and the effective selection coefficients, even in the presence of migration among populations. We also show that our analytic results are applicable to a model of range expansion in a continuously distributed population.
Approximation theory of the MLP model in neural networks

In this survey we discuss various approximation-theoretic problems that arise in the multilayer feedforward perceptron (MLP) model in neural networks. The MLP model is one of the more popular and practical of the many neural network models. Mathematically it is also one of the simpler models. Nonetheless the mathematics of this model is not well understood, and many of these problems are approximation-theoretic in character. Most of the research we will discuss is of very recent vintage. We will report on what has been done and on various unanswered questions. We will not be presenting practical (algorithmic) methods. We will, however, be exploring the capabilities and limitations of this model.