Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Serotonin Transporter-Imipramine “ Receptor ” DIFFERENT SODIUM REQUIREMENTS FOR IMIPRAMINE BINDING AND SEROTONIN TRANSLOCATION *

The platelet plasma membrane serotonin transporter requires Na+ for two reactions, serotonin transport and imipramine binding. Although imipramine binding has been thought to reflect the same process required for serotonin binding prior to transport (Talvenheimo, J., Nelson, P. J., and Rudnick, G . (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 4631-4635), binding and transport display markedly different responses to Na’. Imipramine binding (and competitive inhibition of transport) apparently requires two sodium ions which bind with a KO of 300 f 70 meq/liter. The total number of sites (Bmax) is the same at all Na+ concentrations, but the affinity for imipramine increases from 7.3 X 10’ M” at 20 meq/ liter to 110 x 10‘ M” at 200 meq/liter. Na+ acts, at least in part, by decreasing the rate of imipramine dissociation from its binding site. Serotonin binding displaces imipramine from its site on the membrane. In contrast to imipramine binding, this displacement is a simple, hyperbolic function of Na’ concentration with a KO for Na’ of 400 f 100 meq/liter, which suggests hat only one Na+ is required. Serotonin transport is also much less responsive to Na+ concentration. Over the same concentration range in which the affinity for imipramine increases 15-fold, the affinity for serotonin increases only 2-fold. Despite the lack of Na+ effect on the B,, for imipramine binding, the V,,, for serotonin transport increases as a simple saturable function of Na+ with a KM (Na+) of 52 meq/liter. Thus, substrate translocation as well as binding requires Na+. Since serotonin is cotransported with Na+, the serotonin gradient accumulated depends on the coupling stoichiometry and the magnitude of the Na+ gradient imposed. From the response of the serotonin gradient to imposed Na’ gradients, we calculated aserotonin:Na+ cotransport stoichiometry of 0.9. Taken together, the results suggest that serotonin and imipramine bind either to the same site or to mutually exclusive sites, but maximal imipramine binding requires two sodium ions, while maximal serotonin binding and translocation requires only one.
Novelty, Stress, and Biological Roots in Human Market Behavior

Although studies examining the biological roots of human behavior have been conducted since the seminal work Kahneman and Tversky, crises and panics have not disappeared. The frequent occurrence of various types of crises has led some economists to the conviction that financial markets occasionally praise irrational judgments and that market crashes cannot be avoided a priori (Sornette 2009; Smith 2004). From a biological point of view, human behaviors are essentially the same during crises accompanied by stock market crashes and during bubble growth when share prices exceed historic highs. During those periods, most market participants see something new for themselves, and this inevitably induces a stress response in them with accompanying changes in their endocrine profiles and motivations. The result is quantitative and qualitative changes in behavior (Zhukov 2007). An underestimation of the role of novelty as a stressor is the primary shortcoming of current approaches for market research. When developing a mathematical market model, it is necessary to account for the biologically determined diphasisms of human behavior in everyday low-stress conditions and in response to stressors. This is the only type of approach that will enable forecasts of market dynamics and investor behaviors under normal conditions as well as during bubbles and panics.
RETURN MIGRATION - REASONS, CONSEQUENCES AND BENEFITS

Return migration is probably the aspect of the migration cycle, which was granted the lowest attention, perhaps because most research resources are located in highly developed countries, while most of the returning most returnees return to developing countries. This is especially unfortunate because perceptions about the process of returning to the country of origin and attitudes towards returning migrants have a significant impact on migrants and their host communities. Rollback, sometimes called remigration, is considered by some authors as the final stage of the migration process, which further comprises the step preparation / decision to migrate and actual migration phase or installation of migrant destination country selected.
Optimal Sleep-Wake Scheduling for Quickest Intrusion Detection Using Wireless Sensor Networks

We consider the problem of quickest detection of an intrusion using a sensor network, keeping only a minimal number of sensors active. By using a minimal number of sensor devices, we ensure that the energy expenditure for sensing, computation and communication is minimized (and the lifetime of the network is maximized). We model the intrusion detection (or change detection) problem as a Markov decision process (MDP). Based on the theory of MDP, we develop the following closed loop sleep/wake scheduling algorithms: (1) optimal control of Mk+1, the number of sensors in the wake state in time slot k + 1, (2) optimal control of qk+1, the probability of a sensor in the wake state in time slot k + 1, and an open loop sleep/wake scheduling algorithm which (3) computes q, the optimal probability of a sensor in the wake state (which does not vary with time), based on the sensor observations obtained until time slot k. Our results show that an optimum closed loop control on Mk+1 significantly decreases the cost compared to keeping any number of sensors active all the time. Also, among the three algorithms described, we observe that the total cost is minimum for the optimum control on Mk+1 and is maximum for the optimum open loop control on q.
Children and Search / Recdommendations algorithms: What Adults Need to Know

Today’s children spend considerable time online, searching and receiving information from various websites and apps. Article 17 of the UN Convention on the Rights of a Child adopted in 1989 lists that: Every child has the right to reliable information from a variety of sources, and governments should encourage the media to provide information that children can understand. Governments must help protect children from materials that could harm. The ability to guarantee this fundamental right for children is both enhanced and limited by algorithms. This Brief explains some key opportunities and threats of algorithms for young children’s learning and the important role of parents and educators in maximising their benefits.
Optimised Reasoning for SHIQ

The tableau algorithm implemented in the FaCT knowledge representation system decides satisfiability and subsumption in SHIQ, a very expressive description logic providing, e.g., inverse and transitive roles, number restrictions, and general axioms. Intuitively, the algorithm searches for a tree-shaped abstraction of a model. To ensure termination of this algorithm without comprimising correctness, it stops expanding paths in the search tree using a so-called 'double-blocking' condition.
New models for four- and five-layer channel routing

The author proposes two routing models for the four- and the five-layer routing environments based on the HHVH and HHVHH models, respectively. The layers for horizontal routing and the other for vertical routing are referred to as H and V layers, respectively. Since more layers are available for horizontal routing in the proposed models and the introduced via-violations in the new models are appropriately handled, the routing performance of the proposed multilayer router has outperformed all existing multilayer routers in the four- and five-layer routing environments. The experimental results are given and one detailed five-layer routing solution is outlined. The extension to a general multilayer router is discussed. <<ETX>>
Comparison of basal insulin added to oral agents versus twice-daily premixed insulin as initial insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of adding once-daily basal insulin versus switching to twice-daily premixed insulin in type 2 diabetic patients insufficiently controlled by oral antidiabetic agents (OADs). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a 24-week, multinational, multicenter, open, parallel group clinical trial, 371 insulin-naive patients with poor glycemic control (fasting blood glucose [FBG] >/=120 mg/dl, HbA(1c) 7.5-10.5%) on OADs (sulfonylurea plus metformin) were randomized to once-daily morning insulin glargine plus glimepiride and metformin (glargine plus OAD) or to 30% regular/70% human NPH insulin (70/30) twice daily without OADs. Insulin dosage was titrated to target FBG </=100 mg/dl (both insulins) and predinner blood glucose </=100 mg/dl (70/30 only) using a weekly forced-titration algorithm. RESULTS Mean HbA(1c) decrease from baseline was significantly more pronounced (-1.64 vs. -1.31%, P = 0.0003), and more patients reached HbA(1c) </=7.0% without confirmed nocturnal hypoglycemia (45.5 vs. 28.6%, P = 0.0013) with glargine plus OAD than with 70/30. Similarly, FBG decrease was greater with glargine plus OAD (adjusted mean difference -17 mg/dl [-0.9 mmol/l], P < 0.0001), and more patients reached target FBG </=100 mg/dl with glargine plus OAD than with 70/30 (31.6 vs. 15.0%, P = 0.0001). Glargine plus OAD patients had fewer confirmed hypoglycemic episodes than 70/30 patients (mean 4.07 vs. 9.87/patient-year, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Initiating insulin treatment by adding basal insulin glargine once daily to glimepiride plus metformin treatment was safer and more effective than beginning twice-daily injections of 70/30 and discontinuing OADs in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled with OADs.
ILK: Machine learning of semantic relations with shallow features and almost no data

This paper summarizes our approach to the Semeval 2007 shared task on "Classification of Semantic Relations between Nominals". Our overall strategy is to develop machine-learning classifiers making use of a few easily computable and effective features, selected independently for each classifier in wrapper experiments. We train two types of classifiers for each of the seven relations: with and without WordNet information.
Cancer patients’ perspectives on discontinuing depression treatment: the “drop out” phenomenon

Background: Adherence is a critical component of clinical intervention utility, but little is known about how cancer patients with depression, particularly low-income, ethnic minority patients, perceive adherence to and drop out from treatment. Aim: To explore low-income, minority cancer patient perspectives about not adhering or dropping out of depression treatment. Methods: A qualitative substudy was conducted within the Alleviating Depression among Patients with Cancer (ADAPt-C) study. The intervention was an individualized stepped care depression treatment program provided by a clinical social worker in collaboration with a study psychiatrist. Patients randomized to the intervention were offered antidepressant medication and/or 8–10 sessions of problem solving treatment talk therapy. In-depth telephone interviews were conducted with 20 patients who had dropped out of depression treatment, using a grounded theory qualitative methodological approach. Results: Enrolled intervention patients were predominately Latina, Spanish-speaking, and foreign born. Most patients (12/20) acknowledged they had dropped out of treatment for a variety of reasons, including dissatisfaction with treatment, poor patient-provider relations, logistical and financial barriers, cancer treatment commitments, and language barriers. However, other patients (8/20) denied they had dropped out of treatment and/or became confused about being labeled as a “dropout. ” Conclusion: A substantial percentage of low-income, ethnic minority patients who drop out of treatment for depression appear not to realize they have dropped out of treatment. Improving treatment adherence requires explanation of what constitutes adherence and the consequences of failing to do so from the perspective of both patient and provider.
Should Inventory Policy Be Lean or Responsive? Evidence for US Public Companies

Using financial accounting panel data from the COMPUSTAT database for a universe of all inventory-carrying companies in the period from 1994 to 2003, we develop a statistical methodology that links managerial decisions about inventory with accounting returns. We find that, after we control for industry- and firm-specific effects, superior earnings are associated with appropriately defined responsiveness in inventory management. Specifically, we define responsiveness as the difference between the percentage change in inventory level (over time) and the percentage change in sales (over time), such that a positive (negative) responsiveness measure implies that inventory is growing (declining) relative to sales. We find evidence both across time and in a cross-section that current ROA (return on assets) and forwarded ROA are asymmetrically associated with inventory responsiveness. Namely, faster inventory growth and a faster decline relative to sales are both associated with lower profitability. Our findings are partially consistent with the intuition of investment analysts and managers, who use a similar measure of responsiveness in practice to predict/assess the financial performance of a company, and they are also consistent with the results of classical inventory models.
The effect of allophonic processes on word recognition: Eye-tracking evidence from Canadian raising

Abstract:Whether lexical representations are stored as abstract forms or exemplar tokens is the focus of much debate in both the phonological and word-recognition literature. This research report examines the recognition of words that have undergone Canadian raising and/or intervocalic flapping. Two eye-tracking experiments suggest that listeners are slower to fixate words that have undergone one or more phonological processes within their own raising dialect, supporting the idea that they must calculate a mapping from surface word forms to more abstract representations. Implications for representational and phonological theories are discussed.
Factors Affecting the Interests of Participation with the Use of User Information System as a Variable Moderation

This study aims to determine the effect of performance expectations, expectations of business,social factors of interest in the utilization of information systems with user participation as a moderatingvariable. In this study, the sample used is a manufacturing company located in Magelang District.Sampling using a purposive sampling method and there were 40 respondents. Data analysis tools usingthe t test, F test, test validity, test reliability, and moderate regression Analysis. The results of regressionanalysis testing the fi rst and third hypothesis proved the infl uence of user participation in the moderatinginfl uence of performance expectations and social factors of interest in the utilization of informationsystems. The results of the second hypothesis suggests that user participation in moderating expectationsnegatively affect the interests of business use of information systems.
Folic acid, ageing, depression, and dementia

It is becoming clear that folic acid affects mood and cognitive function, especially in older people. Edward Reynolds draws together the evidence Folic acid is important for functioning of the nervous system at all ages.1–4 In the fetus the relation between maternal folate status and the risk of neural tube defects is well established: clinical trials have shown that periconceptual preventive treatment with 400 μg or higher of folic acid significantly reduces the risks of such defects.4 In neonates, infants, children, and adolescents, inborn errors of folate transport and metabolism are associated with a variety of overlapping syndromes which are influenced by age of clinical presentation. These include developmental delay, cognitive deterioration, motor and gait abnormalities, behavioural or psychiatric symptoms, seizures, signs of demyelination or failure of myelination, and vascular changes seen on magnetic resonance imaging or postmortem examination.4 Less commonly, subacute combined degeneration and peripheral neuropathy may also occur. In adult patients presenting with megaloblastic anaemia due to folate deficiency, approximately two thirds have neuropsychiatric disorders which overlap considerably with those associated with anaemia due to vitamin B-12 deficiency. 2 5 However, depression is commoner in patients with folate deficiency, and subacute combined degeneration with peripheral neuropathy is more frequent in those with vitamin B-12 deficiency. The degree of anaemia is poorly correlated with the presence of neuropsychiatric disorders, but if these anaemias were left untreated nearly all patients would eventually develop neuropsychiatric complications.2 Over the past 35 years numerous studies have shown a high incidence of folate deficiency correlated with mental symptoms, especially depression and cognitive decline in epileptic, neurological, psychiatric, geriatric, and psychogeriatric populations. 3 4 Furthermore, recent studies in elderly people suggest a link between folic acid, homocysteine, ageing, depression, and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular disease. 4 6 …
Design and Implementation of a Peripheral Bus Based on a New Kind of Reconfigurable System

Reconfigurable system-on-a-chip(SoC) is an important trend of embedded system. It is not only to achieve a higher performance but also flexible enough. In this paper a new kind of reconfigurable system using SoP(System on a Package) technology is presented and a new kind of peripheral bus which is used to form a whole system architecture is proposed based on the reconfigurable system. Using this peripheral bus, we can form a new embedded system easily by changing different intellectual property(IP) cores. We can make the whole system much more smaller, higher levels of integration, lower costs and lower power by using this chip and the peripheral bus. Compare with the earlier system, the new system using the reconfigurable chip which is of the same function is much smaller and lighter. All these are very suitable for small satellites and consumer electronics.
Adolescent Engagement in Home-Based Treatment: An Action Research Study

Adolescent Engagement in Home-Based Treatment: An Action Research Study by Krystal Finch MS, Southern Connecticut State University, 2010 BS, University of New Haven, 2007 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Social Work Walden University November 2018 Abstract Adolescent engagement in home-based treatment is a challenge within the social work field. Studies have suggested that the foundation of clinical practice relies on the clinician’s ability to understand the process of engaging adolescents in treatment, which may also include a period of adaptability, relatability, and connectedness within the treatment setting. The purpose of this study is to explore the clinical practice approaches,Adolescent engagement in home-based treatment is a challenge within the social work field. Studies have suggested that the foundation of clinical practice relies on the clinician’s ability to understand the process of engaging adolescents in treatment, which may also include a period of adaptability, relatability, and connectedness within the treatment setting. The purpose of this study is to explore the clinical practice approaches, roles, and experiences utilized in home-based treatment to adolescents residing in a large city in northeastern United States. This study was grounded in the ecological systems theory which provides social workers with an opportunity to assess the relationships between an individuals behaviors and the environment. A qualitative research design was used in this study. Social work clinicians participated in focus groups to address the clinical roles, characteristics, and skills essential for reducing barriers related to adolescent engagement in home-based treatment and explore the clinical practice approaches and knowledge base related to adolescent engagement in home-based treatment, including the areas of competence, respect, empathy, and passion. Data were analyzed using audiotapes of the focus groups, the transcription process, coding, and a reliability check. Findings from this study suggest that effective social work practice techniques depend upon the clinician’s ability to engage the adolescent throughout the entire treatment process. The outcomes for this action research study included both challenging and rewarding opportunities for clinicians to increase understanding of characteristics, skills, values, and experiences in providing home-based treatment to adolescents of a large city in the northeastern United States. Adolescent Engagement in Home-Based Treatment: An Action Research Study by Krystal Finch MS, Southern Connecticut State University, 2010 BS, University of New Haven, 2007 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Social Work Walden University November 2018
Opioid Limbic Circuit for Reward: Interaction between Hedonic Hotspots of Nucleus Accumbens and Ventral Pallidum

μ-Opioid stimulation of cubic millimeter hedonic hotspots in either the nucleus accumbens shell (NAc) or the ventral pallidum (VP) amplifies hedonic “liking” reactions to sweetness and appetitive “wanting” for food reward. How do these two NAc–VP hotspots interact? To probe their interaction and limbic circuit properties, we assessed whether opioid activation of one hotspot recruited the other hotspot (neurobiologically) and whether opioid hedonic and incentive motivational amplification by either opioid hotspot required permissive opioid coactivation in the other (behaviorally). We found that NAc and VP hotspots reciprocally modulated Fos expression in each other and that the two hotspots were needed together to enhance sucrose “liking” reactions, essentially cooperating within a single hedonic NAc–VP circuit. In contrast, the NAc hotspot dominated for opioid stimulation of eating and food intake (“wanting”), independent of VP activation. This pattern reveals differences between limbic opioid circuits that control reward “liking” and “wanting” functions.
An active role for basement membrane assembly and modification in tissue sculpting

Basement membranes are a dense, sheet‐like form of extracellular matrix (ECM) that underlie epithelia and endothelia, and surround muscle, fat and Schwann cells. Basement membranes separate tissues and protect them from mechanical stress. Although traditionally thought of as a static support structure, a growing body of evidence suggests that dynamic basement membrane deposition and modification instructs coordinated cellular behaviors and acts mechanically to sculpt tissues. In this Commentary, we highlight recent studies that support the idea that far from being a passive matrix, basement membranes play formative roles in shaping tissues.
Predictive model selection in partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM)

Predictive model selection metrics are used to select models with the highest out-of-sample predictive power among a set of models. R2 and related metrics, which are heavily used in partial least squares path modeling, are often mistaken as predictive metrics. We introduce information theoretic model selection criteria that are designed for out-of-sample prediction and which do not require creating a holdout sample. Using a Monte Carlo study, we compare the performance of frequently used model evaluation criteria and information theoretic criteria in selecting the best predictive model under various conditions of sample size, effect size, loading patterns, and data distribution.