Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A vertical jump force test for assessing bilateral strength asymmetry in athletes.

PURPOSE To establish the validity and reliability of a new vertical jump force test (VJFT) for the assessment of bilateral strength asymmetry in a total of 451 athletes. METHODS The VJFT consists of countermovement jumps with both legs simultaneously: one on a single force platform, the other on a leveled wooden platform. Jumps with the right or the left leg on the force platform were alternated. Bilateral strength asymmetry was calculated as [(stronger leg - weaker leg)/stronger leg] x 100. A positive sign indicates a stronger right leg; a negative sign indicates a stronger left leg. Studies 1 (N = 59) and 2 (N = 41) examined the correlation between the VJFT and other tests of lower-limb bilateral strength asymmetry in male athletes. In study 3, VJFT reliability was assessed in 60 male athletes. In study 4, the effect of rehabilitation on bilateral strength asymmetry was examined in seven male and female athletes 8-12 wk after unilateral knee surgery. In study 5, normative data were determined in 313 male soccer players. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between VJFT and both the isokinetic leg extension test (r = 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.66) and the isometric leg press test (r = 0.83; 0.70-0.91). VJFT test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.91 (0.85-0.94), and typical error was 2.4%. The change in mean [-0.40% (-1.25 to 0.46%)] was not substantial. Rehabilitation decreased bilateral strength asymmetry (mean +/- SD) of the athletes recovering from unilateral knee surgery from 23 +/- 3 to 10 +/- 4% (P < 0.01). The range of normal bilateral strength asymmetry (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles) was -15 to 15%. CONCLUSIONS The assessment of bilateral strength asymmetry with the VJFT is valid and reliable, and it may be useful in sports medicine.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis: Correlation of expiratory high-resolution CT findings with inspiratory patterns and pulmonary function tests

Purpose: To assess the presence and extent of air trapping (AT) on chest high-resolution CT (HRCT) in sarcoidosis and to correlate such findings with patterns, lesion extent on inspiratory CT and pulmonary function tests (PFT). Material and Methods: Thirty patients with sarcoidosis underwent inspiratory and expiratory HRCT and PFT. HRCT images were evaluated for presence, distribution and AT extent as well as the predominant HRCT pattern and the extent of lesions at inspiration. Attenuation difference in the AT regions at expiration and at inspiration were calculated. The presence and extent of AT were correlated with PFT, extent of involvement and predominant inspiratory patterns. Results: AT was present in 25/30 patients with no lung zone predilection. AT was the only CT indication of pulmonary sarcoidosis in 3/30 patients who also had normal PFT. Attenuation difference between inspiration and expiration ranged from -40 HU to 106 HU. In 2 patients, a paradoxical decrease of lung attenuation was observed at expiration. A significant correlation was found between AT extent at expiration, with residual volume-total lung capacity ratio and residual volume. Conclusion: AT is an additional HRCT finding in sarcoidosis. AT may involve any lung zone, including costophrenic angles and may be the only CT feature of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Strong correlation is only found with PFT values that are specific for incomplete lung emptying at expiration.
POSTACTIVATION POTENTIATION EFFECTS AFTER HEAVY RESISTANCE EXERCISE ON RUNNING SPEED

The purpose of this study was to investigate the postactivation potentiation effect after a heavy resistance stimulus (HRS) on running speed (RS). Fifteen amateur team game players (basketball, volleyball, handball, and soccer players), ages 18–23 years running the 30-m dash and the intermediate phase of 0–10 and 0–30 m sprints, were used to evaluate RS. Resistance training consisted of 10 single repetitions at 90% of 1 repetition maximum. The running tests were performed 3 times—(a) 3 minutes prior the HRS, (b) 3 minutes after the HRS, and (c) 5 minutes after the HRS—in separated training sessions. Results showed that RS was not affected 3 minutes after the resistance training, but it increased for both selected running phases (0–10 and 0–30 m) 5 minutes after the HRS (p = 0.05). These findings indicate that heavy resistance exercise improves 10- and 30-m sprint performance when performed 5 minutes after the exercise bout.
The relative impact of 13 chronic conditions across three different outcomes

Study objective: Previous estimates of individual and population attributable risks for adverse outcomes due to chronic conditions have considered only a limited number of conditions and outcomes, with some studies using inappropriate formulae or methods of estimation. This study re-examines the magnitude of individual and population attributable risks for a wide range of conditions and various health outcomes. Design: Log-Poisson regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios as an indicator of individual risk and population-associated fractions of 13 chronic conditions, examining activity limitations, self-rated health and physician visits. The effect of multimorbidity on prevalence ratios was examined. Setting: Canada, 2000–01. Participants: Nationally representative sample of Canadians aged 12+ years (n _ 130 880). Main results: At the individual level, fibromyalgia/chronic fatigue syndrome and cancer, and to a lesser extent stroke and heart disease, were associated with an increased risk of both activity limitations and a self-rated health status of fair or poor; high blood pressure was associated with four or more physician visits in the previous 12 months. In contrast, population attributable fractions were substantial for arthritis/rheumatism, heart disease, back problems and high blood pressure across all outcomes. Adjustment for multimorbidity resulted in a marked decreases in prevalence ratios. Conclusions: Differences in the ranking of individual risks and population attributable fractions for different diseases and outcomes are substantial. This needs to be taken into account when setting priorities, as interventions may need to be targeted to different conditions depending on which aspects of health are being considered, and whether the focus is on individuals, such as in clinical care, or improving the health of the population.
Subcortical connections of the superior colliculus in the mustache bat, Pteronotus parnellii

The mustache bat, Pteronotus parnellii, depends on echolocation to navigate and capture prey. This adaptation is reflected in the large size and elaboration of brainstem auditory structures and in the minimal development of visual structures. The superior colliculus, usually associated with orienting the eyes, is nevertheless large and well developed in Pteronotus. This observation raises the question of whether the superior colliculus in the echolocating bat has evolved to play a major role in auditory rather than visual orientation. The connections of the superior colliculus in Pteronotus were studied with the aid of anterograde and retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to HRP. These results indicate that the superior colliculus of Pteronotus is composed almost entirely of the layers beneath stratum opticum. The retinal projection is restricted to a very thin zone just beneath the pial surface. Prominent afferent pathways originate in motor structures, particularly the substantia nigra and the deep nuclei of the cerebellum. Sensory input from the auditory system originates in three brainstem nuclei: the inferior colliculus, the anterolateral periolivary nucleus, and the dorsal nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. The projections from these auditory structures terminate mainly in the central tier of the deep layer. The most prominent efferent pathways are those to medial motor structures of the contralateral brainstem via the predorsal bundle and to the ipsilateral midbrain and pontine tegmentum via the lateral efferent bundle. Ascending projections to the diencephalon are mainly to the medial dorsal nucleus and zona incerta. Thus, the superior colliculus in Pteronotus possesses well‐developed anatomical connections that could mediate reflexes for orienting its ears, head, or body toward objects detected by echolocation.
Common dictionary and domain-specific dictionary based cross-domain image classification

Traditional image classification methods require the independence and the same distribution of training and testing data. However, this requirement cannot always be satisfied in some real-world applications, especially for crossdomain image classification tasks. In this paper, we propose to deal with this problem by combining transfer learning with sparse coding and dictionary learning. In dictionary learning, based on the idea of “low-coupled dictionary learning” of source domain and target domain data, we train a specific and discriminative dictionary for each domain, and a common dictionary for both domains. In addition, we keep these dictionaries independent and obtain the domain-invariant sparse coefficients as well as the domain-specific coefficients. Finally, the extensive experiments on the Office, Caltech256, USPS and MNIST datasets verify the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Forestalling Violence: Police Knowledge of Interaction with Political Activists

This article explores the reflexive processes among police during a transitional period following a large and traumatic protest event in Sweden, the 2001 European Union summit in Goteborg. The discussion revolves around transformations of the Swedish approach to protest policing and the subsequent attempt to revise "police knowledge" in relation to protest policing. Police constructions of external reality are analyzed with reference to two organizing concepts: provocation and dialogue. Particular attention is paid to attempts by the police to increase their awareness of "counterpart perspectives," and the concomitant use of stereotypes of protesters to maintain police officers' own reality constructions. Perceptions of negotiation with protesters are located in a tension between the poles: dialogue and control. Furthermore, it is argued that the policing philosophy of the Swedish police force has developed from a predominantly reactive approach into one most aptly described as "proactive management" of p.
Premenstrual Syndrome as a Predictor of Menopausal Symptoms

OBJECTIVE: To estimate whether premenstrual syndrome (PMS) predicts common menopausal symptoms assessed longitudinally for 5 years among women in the transition to menopause. METHODS: Data were obtained from a structured interview questionnaire, daily symptom ratings, and standard measures of depressive symptoms and sleep quality at 7 assessment periods in a population-based cohort of 436 women. Menstrual status was determined by menstrual bleeding dates. Hormones were measured in the early follicular phase, with a maximum of 14 measures per subject. Multivariate logistic regression models for repeated measures were used to estimate the effects of study variables. RESULTS: Premenstrual syndrome significantly decreased with age (P < .001) and with changes in menstrual bleeding status (P = .003). Women with PMS at enrollment were more likely over the 5-year period to report menopausal hot flushes (odds ratio [OR] 2.09; confidence interval [CI] 1.42, 3.08; P < .001); depressed mood (OR 2.34; CI 1.60. 3.43; P < .001); poor sleep (OR 1.72; CI 1.16, 2.53; P = .007), and decreased libido (OR 1.54; CI 1.06, 2.24; P = .024) after adjusting for age, race, diagnosis of major depression, and estradiol. Subjects’ fluctuations in estradiol were significantly associated with hot flushes, depressive symptoms, and poor sleep. CONCLUSION: Premenstrual syndrome decreased in the transition to menopause. Women who reported PMS at baseline were at greater risk of menopausal hot flushes, depressed mood, poor sleep, and decreased libido. Further studies of the associations of symptoms and changes in ovarian function are needed to elucidate the underlying symptom physiology and aid in the development of effective treatments for women during the menopausal transition. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II-2
Regulation of Protein Phosphatase 2A Activity by Heat Shock Transcription Factor 2*

Heat shock transcription factor (HSF) mediates the stress-induced expression of heat shock protein genes (hsp). However, HSF is required for normal cell function even in the absence of stress and is important for cell cycle progression, but the mechanism that mediates these effects of HSF is unknown. Here, it is shown that a member of the HSF family, HSF2, interacts with the PR65 (A) subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). HSF2 binding to PR65 blocks its interaction with the catalytic subunit, due to competition between HSF2 and catalytic subunit for the same binding site in PR65. In addition, overexpression of HSF2 stimulates PP2A activity in cells, indicating the relevance of HSF2 as a regulator of PP2A in vivo. These results identify HSF2 as a dual function protein, capable of regulating both hsp expression and PP2A activity. This could function as a mechanism by whichhsp expression is integrated with the control of cell division or other PP2A-regulated pathways.
Caregiver burden and health-related quality of life among Japanese stroke caregivers.

OBJECTIVE the present study had two main purposes: 1. To examine the relationship between caregiver burden and health-related quality of life in family caregivers of older stroke patients in Japan; and 2. To examine which characteristics of the caregiving situation significantly relate to increased burden. METHODS subjects (n=100) were recruited from seven randomly selected neurological hospitals with out-patient rehabilitation clinics in western Japan and interviewed using the Zarit Burden Interview, the Modified Barthel Index, the Geriatric Depression Scale and the SF-12 Health Survey for health-related quality of life. RESULTS increased caregiver burden was significantly related to worsening health-related quality of life, particularly worsening mental health (Geriatric Depression Scale and SF-12 items), even after controlling for caregiver age, sex, chronic illness, average caregiving hours/day, and functional dependence of the care-recipient. DISCUSSION findings indicate that increased burden significantly relates to decreased health-related quality of life among stroke caregivers. In addition, the prevalence of depressive symptoms among caregivers was twice that of community dwelling older people. Roughly 52% of caregivers had Geriatric Depression Scale scores that warranted further evaluation. Despite the prevalence of depressive symptoms only one caregiver had received any psychiatric care during their caregiving tenure.
Community, Culture, and Affordances in Social Collaboration and Communication

Over the past decade, most large organizations have adopted enterprise social networking platforms (also known by terms such as internal social media, Enterprise 2.0, and collaborative software platforms). These platforms have been adopted with the promise of more open, transparent, and collaborative communication across all levels of organizations (Bughin, 2008; Bughin, Chui, & Miller, 2009; Cardon & Marshall, 2015; Chui et al., 2012; Huy & Shipilov, 2012; Leonardi, Huysman, & Steinfield, 2013; McAfee, 2009; Stieger, Matzler, Chatterjee, & Ladstaetter-Fussenegger, 2012; Turban, Liang, & Wu, 2011; Wu, 20014). In practice, some organizations have experienced dramatic success in improving communication and collaboration while most organizations have experienced little or no change. One reason for lackluster results in many organizations is that most implementations have been viewed as technological solutions. Emerging research seems to indicate that successful use of these platforms is most often linked to positive organizational culture and communication (Cardon & Marshall, 2015; Huy & Shipilov, 2012). The purpose of this special issue about social collaboration and communication is to provide current research about how social media tools and platforms are used in organizations. The articles in this special issue show that the transformative potential of these platforms depends on a communication perspective.
Molecular characterization of 15 rearrangements among 90 human in vivo somatic mutants shows that deletions predominate

Ninety hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase-deficient mutants were isolated from lymphocytes of 31 individuals drawn from both control populations and populations exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation. Southern analysis of the DNA revealed altered hybridization patterns in 15 mutants. Of these, 14 changes consisted of deletions of 2 to 40 kilobases or more.
ENHANCING ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH CODES OF ETHICS: THE CASE OF ITALIAN LISTED COMPANIES

Codes of ethics aim to disclose corporate social responsibility and to promote ethical culture throughout the firms. Several studies have investigated the content of such codes to identify what values are declared within. However, so far literature on codes of ethics seems not to have considered adequately the question of environmental protection. Therefore this paper focuses on the disclosure of environmental sustainability in codes of ethics, investigating the case of Italian listed companies. Adopting a content analysis methodology, the paper explores the environmental section of these codes in order to assess the salience of environmental sustainability in the strategic orientation of the firms, identifying the environmental principles, objectives, instruments and certification stated within the codes of ethics and highlighting whether and to what extent the environmental disclosure varies among industries. The research findings suggest that the Italian listed companies are more oriented to emphasize the environmental principles rather than to define precise objectives and instruments useful to achieve the environmental sustainability in practice. Nevertheless the more polluted industries seem to provide a wider environmental disclosure.
Phase II trial of docetaxel: a new, highly effective antineoplastic agent in the management of patients with anthracycline-resistant metastatic breast cancer.

PURPOSE To determine the efficacy (objective response rate and duration of response and survival) and toxicity of docetaxel in patients with strictly defined anthracycline-resistant metastatic breast cancer (MBC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients with bidimensionally measurable MBC who had progressive disease while receiving anthracycline-containing chemotherapy were registered onto the phase II trial. Docetaxel was administered at a dose of 100 mg/m2 over 1 hour every 21 days. RESULTS Thirty-four patients were assessable for disease response; 18 (53%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 35% to 70%) achieved a partial response. The median times to disease progression and survival duration were 7.5 and 13.5 months, respectively, for responding patients. The median overall survival duration was 9 months. Two hundred eight cycles (median, five) of docetaxel were administered. Neutropenia with less than 500 cells/microL developed in 31 of 35 patients; it was complicated by fever in 30 (14%) of 208 cycles and in 18 (51%) of 35 patients, including one treatment-related death. Fluid retention was seen in 15 (43%) of 35 patients, including pleural effusions in 11 patients (31%). Moderate skin toxicity, asthenia, and myalgia were observed in 16%, 58%, and 37% of cycles, respectively. CONCLUSION Docetaxel has the highest reported antitumor activity in anthracycline-resistant MBC. High objective response rates were seen in patients with visceral-dominant involvement, multiple metastatic sites, or extensive previous therapy. Docetaxel is associated with severe but reversible neutropenia, asthenia, and cumulative dose-related fluid retention. Dexamethasone decreased the frequency and severity of skin toxicity and appeared to ameliorate fluid retention.
The P58 Cellular Inhibitor Complexes with the Interferon-induced, Double-stranded RNA-dependent Protein Kinase, PKR, to Regulate Its Autophosphorylation and Activity (*)

The 58-kDa protein, referred to as P58, is a cellular inhibitor of the interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase, PKR. The P58 protein inhibits both the autophosphorylation of PKR and the phosphorylation of the PKR natural substrate, the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2. Sequence analysis revealed that P58 is a member of the tetratricopeptide family of proteins. Utilizing experimental approaches, which included coprecipitation or coselection of native and recombinant wild-type and mutant proteins, we found that P58 can efficiently complex with the PKR protein kinase. Attempts to map the P58 interactive sites revealed a correlation between the ability of P58 to inhibit PKR in vitro and bind to PKR. The DnaJ sequences, present at the carboxyl terminus of P58, were dispensable for binding in vitro, while sequences containing the eIF-2 α similarity region were essential for efficient complex formation. Furthermore, not all tetratricopeptide motifs were necessary for PKR-P58 interactions. Initial experiments to map the binding domains present in PKR showed that P58 complexed with PKR molecules that lacked the first RNA binding domain but did not bind to a PKR mutant containing only the amino terminus. These data, taken together, demonstrate that P58 inhibits PKR through a direct interaction, which is likely independent of the binding of double-stranded RNA to the protein kinase.
Exploring Solutions International: The Case of Brazilian Refrigerators

This article includes a study of internationalization’s approaches practiced by the of Brazilian refrigerators under the economic theories, with the following objectives: (i) review: the modes of entry in other countries; the economic motives for internationalization under the impact of different institutional environments; the degree of diversification and specialization possible by investments in abroad, such as coordination of the firm is organized overseas, (ii) monitor the adherence of procedures for the internationalization of Brazilian refrigerators with the economic theories of internationalization. The main findings were that the process of internationalization of Brazilian refrigerators corroborate not only the economic theory of Dunning (1993), which suggests the search for markets, assets, resources and efficiency; and the eclectic paradigm (DUNNING, 1980), which refers to the search for three kinds of advantages: ownership, location and internalization, mainly, but also confirm the theories of Hymer (1968), Alibi (1970), McManus (1972), Knickerbocker (1973), Buckley and Casson (1976), Grahan (1998).
Printing conformal electronics on 3D structures with Aerosol Jet technology

Fabrication of 3D mechanical structures is sometimes achieved by layer-wise printing of inks and resins in conjunction with treatments such as photonic curing and laser sintering. The non-treated material is typically dissolved leaving the final 3D part. Such techniques are generally limited to a single material which makes it difficult to integrate high resolution, conformal electronics over part surfaces. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel, non-contact technique for printing conformal circuits called Aerosol Jet printing. This technique creates a collimated jet of aerosol droplets that extend 2-5 mm from the nozzle to the target. The deposited features can be as small as 10 microns or as large as a centimeter wide. A variety of materials can be printed such as metal nanoparticle inks, polymers, adhesives, ceramics, and bio-active matter. The print head direction and XYZ positioning is controlled by CAD/CAM software which allows conformal printing onto 3D substrates having a high level of surface topography. For example, metallic traces can be printed into 3D shapes such as trenches and via holes, as well as onto sidewalls and convex and concave surfaces. We discuss the fabrication of a conformal phase array antenna, embedded circuitry and sensors, and electronic packaging.