Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lesser metatarsophalangeal joints: standard MR imaging, MR arthrography, and MR bursography--initial results in 48 cadaveric joints.

PURPOSE To delineate the normal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging anatomy of the lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints in a cadaveric model and compare the MR arthrographic and MR bursographic findings with the standard MR imaging findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS T1-weighted spin-echo MR imaging of 48 lesser MTP joints of 12 cadaveric feet was performed. The specimens were subsequently evaluated with MR arthrography, MR bursography, or both examinations. Musculoskeletal radiologists evaluated standard MR images to determine the normal appearances of the joint structures, especially the fibrous capsule, plantar plate, and collateral ligament complex (CLC). Signal intensity, morphology, joint thickness, relationships with adjacent structures, and best plane for analysis were analyzed. The contrast material-enhanced (ie, arthrographic and bursographic) MR imaging findings were compared with the standard MR imaging findings. RESULTS The coronal plane was best for simultaneous depiction of the fibrous capsule, plantar plate, and collateral ligament complex and for assessment of the relationship between the CLC and the plantar plate. The sagittal plane was best for analysis of the bone attachments of the plantar plate and the transverse plane for evaluation of the CLC attachment sites in the phalanges. MR arthrography enabled identification of the bare areas and recesses of the joints, better delineation of the plantar plate articular surface, and better evaluation of the integrity of the soft-tissue components of the joints. Compared with the other examinations, MR bursography did not help improve these evaluations. CONCLUSION MR imaging is an excellent examination for delineating the anatomy of the lesser MTP joints. Compared with standard MR imaging, only MR arthrography helps improve visualization of the fibrous capsule, plantar plate, and CLC of the lesser MTP joints.
C-reactive protein correlates with bacterial load and appropriate antibiotic therapy in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia

Objective:Appropriateness of antibiotic therapy is associated with reduction of bacterial load in ventilator-associated pneumonia. C-reactive protein is a valid biochemical surrogate. The objective was to determine the correlation of bacterial load, measured by quantitative tracheal aspirate (QTA), with serum C-reactive protein as an indicator of inflammatory response in episodes of ventilator-associated pneumonia and association of its variation with antibiotic appropriateness. Design:Prospective, observational cohort study. Setting:Two medical-surgical intensive care units at large urban hospitals affiliated with teaching institutions. Patients:Sixty-eight intubated patients with monomicrobial ventilator-associated pneumonia. Interventions:None. Measurements and Main Results:QTA and serum C-reactive protein were measured in patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia on diagnosis (baseline) and 96 hrs afterward (follow-up). Its logarithm value (logQTA) was calculated. LogQTA correlated positively with serum C-reactive protein (&rgr; = 0.46, p < .05), temperature (&rgr; = 0.20, p = .05), and white blood cell count (&rgr; = 0.22, p < .05). LogQTA decreased significantly more from baseline to follow-up in patients receiving appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy compared with those with inappropriate treatment (logQTA ratio 0.77 ± 0.22 vs. 1.02 ± 0.27, p < .05). Mean serum C-reactive protein levels showed a similar pattern, decreasing from baseline to follow-up in patients receiving appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment but not in episodes with inappropriate treatment (C-reactive protein ratio 0.58 ± 0.32 vs. 1.36 ± 1.11, p < .05). There was a positive correlation between serum C-reactive protein and logQTA variations (r2 = .59, p < .05). Adjusted mean serum C-reactive protein levels by analysis of covariance on follow-up were significantly lower in patients with appropriate antibiotic treatment than in those with inappropriate empirical treatment (103 ± 10 mg/L vs. 192 ± 14 mg/L, p < .05). A C-reactive protein ratio of 0.8 at 96 hrs was a useful indicator of appropriateness of antibiotic therapy (sensitivity 77%; specificity 87%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.86 [0.75–0.96]). Conclusions:C-reactive protein is a useful biochemical surrogate of bacterial burden in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Follow-up measurements of serum C-reactive protein anticipate the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy.
Debugging with control-flow breakpoints

Modern source-level debuggers support dynamic breakpoints that are guarded by conditions based on program state. Such breakpoints address situations where a static breakpoint is not sufficiently precise to characterise a point of interest in program execution. However, we believe that current IDE support for dynamic breakpoints are cumbersome to use. Firstly, guard conditions formulated in (non-aspect-oriented) source-languages cannot directly express control-flow conditions, forcing developers to seek alternative formulations. Secondly, guard-conditions can be complex expressions and manually typing them is cumbersome.We present the Control-flow Breakpoint Debugger (CBD). CBD uses a dynamic pointcut language to characterise control-flow breakpoints---dynamic breakpoints which are conditional on the control-flow through which they were reached. CBD provides a "point-and-click" GUI to specify and incrementally refine control-flow breakpoints, thereby avoiding the burden of manually editing the potentially complex expressions that define them.We performed 20 case studies debugging and fixing documented bugs in 3 existing applications. Our results show that dynamic breakpoints in general are useful in practice, and that CBD's GUI allows specifying them adequately in the majority of cases.
Fibre intake and renal cell carcinoma: A case‐control study from Italy

Only 2 previous studies, conducted in Australia, United States and northern Europe, considered the role of dietary fibre intake on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk, and both showed a modest, inverse association. Therefore, we investigated in depth the topic of fibres and RCC, using data from a multicenter case‐control study conducted in Italy from 1992 to 2004, including 767 cases with incident, histologically confirmed RCC and 1,534 controls admitted to the same network of hospitals as cases with acute nonmalignant conditions. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained after allowance for major identified confounding factors, including total energy intake. The continuous OR for an increase in intake equal to the difference between the 80th and the 20th percentile were 0.94 (95% CI: 0.82–1.08) for total dietary fibre, 0.98 (95% CI: 0.85–1.13) for soluble noncellulose polysaccharides, 0.92 (95% CI: 0.80–1.05) for total insoluble fibre, 0.90 (95% CI: 0.78–1.04) for cellulose, 0.95 (95% CI: 0.84–1.06) for insoluble noncellulose polysaccharides and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.93–1.21) for lignin. With reference to the sources of fibre, we found an inverse association with vegetable fibre (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97), but no association with fruit (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86–1.12) and grain fibre (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.95–1.15). The inverse association with vegetable fibre may reflect a real favorable effect, or be an indicator of a beneficial role of a diet rich in vegetable on RCC risk. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An Adaptive Coverage Control for Deployment of Nonholonomic Mobile Sensor Networks Over Time‐Varying Sensory Functions

In this paper we show the Lyapunov stability of an adaptive and decentralized coverage control for a team of mobile sensors. This new coverage approach assumes nonholonomic sensors rather than the holonomic ones usually found in the literature. Furthermore, sufficient conditions are provided to guarantee an ultimate bound for the system when in presence of time‐varying sensory functions. The convergence and feasibility of the coverage control are verified through simulation and experimental results.
Implementation of a Countermeasure to Relay Attacks for Contactless HF Systems

Nowadays, HF contactless technologies following the ISO 14443 standard are extensively used worldwide. Critical applications like access control or payment require high security guaran‐ tees. However, contactless channels are less secure and offer more opportunities for any kind of intrusion than other ways of communication; e.g. eavesdropping and contactless card activation using false reader [1, 2, 3, 11]. Among the attacks on the physical layer, relay attack is the most dangerous because of its simplicity, its impact and its insensitivity to cryptographic protections. It consists in setting up an unauthorized communication between two devices out of their operating range [4, 6]. On Figure 1, two attackers are able to create a link between the reader and the contactless card without the agreement of the owner. A relay is composed of two elements: a first one close to the reader and called proxy, a second one close to the card and called mole. These two elements communicate together by a wired or a wireless link
Experimental Immunotherapyof Human Breast CarcinomasImplanted in Nude Mice with a Mixture of Monoclonal Antibodies against Human Milk Fat Globule Components 1

Immunological therapy of BALB/c nude mice (nu/nu) implanted with human breast tumors, estrogen receptor negative MX-I and estrogen receptor-positive MCF-7, was carried out with four monoclonal antibod ies (MoAbs) raised against human milk fat globule membrane glycoproteins also present on normal breast epithelial cells. MoAbs injected singly or as a partial mixture arrested growth of the tumors but to a lesser extent than a mixture ("cocktail") of all four MoAbs. Two model systems were developed in order to examine the capabilities of the four MoAbs to arrest human mammary tumor growth. In the first model the ability of these MoAbs to arrest tumor growth during a 6to 8-week period was tested by injection of the MoAbs immediately before and after implantalion (passive immunization) and thereafter every other day. In the second model the effect of these MoAbs on established and growing tumors was tested. Using the cocktail in the passive immunization protocol, human mammary tumor growth in nu/nu mice was arrested either completely or averaging to one-tenth the size of the controls for those mice in which the tumors had taken. Other human carcinomas, colon and lung, under the same protocol, were not affected. Injection of cocktail every 2 days into nu/nu mice with established and growing human breast tumors (both estrogen receptor positive and negative) produced arrests of tumor growth of 44.1, 45.2, 49.8% of their controls after 7 to 8 days of treatment. Previously, it has been established that human mammary tumors are heterogeneous in expression of the human milk fat globule antigens recognized by our antibodies to the extent that some cells may have large amounts and others no detectable amount of a particular antigen. Those MX-I tumors treated for a prolonged time with the cocktail of MoAbs that survived and continued to grow could be the result of the preferential multiplication of those cells in the heterogeneous population which had low or no antigen content. The breast tumors that did grow in the nu/nu mice after 8 weeks of injection of the cocktail revealed by immunoperoxidase staining a 90% reduction in the antigen content as recognized by these MoAbs when compared with untreated tumors. These results attest to the effectiveness of unconjugated anti-human milk fat globule MoAbs to arrest human breast tumor growth in nu/nu mice, and they also suggest that to best arrest tumor growth the use of a mixture of MoAbs should be considered.
Excision of epulis granulomatosa with diode laser in 8 years old boy.

INTRODUCTION Epulis granulomatosa is a lesion which grows from an extraction socket. It can be misdiagnosed with lesions of the same clinical appearance such as: foreign body or pyogenic granuloma, or as a herniation of the maxillary sinus. The most common treatment is surgical excision. CASE REPORT The present article reports an Epulis granulomatosa which was removed with diode laser (810 nm) due to child's fear related to traditional surgical instruments and bleeding. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Lasers are useful for soft tissue surgery in modern dentistry, especially in relation to pediatric patients due to the rapid and regular wound healing without sutures.
Disney World and Posthistory

Tr his study deals primarily with Disney World and is presented, at least in places, in narrative form, following a linear time frame, an actual walk-through analysis of Magic Kingdom and EPCOT, and, most importantly, the retention of my two sons as participants and speakers. The study intends to show the skewed history, ahistory, or posthistory of Disney in theme parks that have eradicated all sense of shame from history. It also will show that Disney World is based upon an elaborate and highly successful blueprint of high modernism (and assembly-line capitalism), whose major trope, I contend, is metaphor, while the actual experience of the park must necessarily follow a postmodernist line of thinking/experiencing, whose major trope is metonymy. Thus, the experience of the park is often at odds with the blueprint. Further, I want to show that the major critics of Disney's theme parks (excluding Max Apple in fiction and the South Atlantic Quarterly issue devoted to Disney), Louis Marin and Jean Baudrillard, have given an aerial view of Disney, with no actual proof that either one ever set foot in the park or went on any rides. Their analyses rely on blueprints, conceptual thinking, and figures of resemblance (meta-
Magnetic fields of AGNs and standard accretion disk model: testing by optical polarimetry

We have developed the method that allows us to estimate the magnetic field strength at the horizon of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) through the observed polarization of optical emission of the accreting disk surrounding SMBH. The known asymptotic formulae for the Stokes parameters of outgoing radiation are azimuthal averaged, which corresponds to an observation of the disk as a whole. We consider two models of the embedding 3D-magnetic field, the regular field, and the regular field with an additional chaotic (turbulent) component. It is shown that the second model is preferable for estimating the magnetic field in NGC4258. For estimations we used the standard accretion disk model assuming that the same power-law dependence of the magnetic field follows from the range of the optical emission down to the horizon. The observed optical polarization from NGC 4258 allowed us to find the values 10 3 ―10 4 Gauss at the horizon, depending on the particular choice of the model parameters. We also discuss the wavelength dependencies of the light polarization, and possibly applying them for a more realistic choice of accretion disk parameters.
An Efficient Stochastic Anti-Collision Algorithm Using Bit-Slot Mechanism

RFID systems have emerged as an affordable solution for identifying physical objects. However several problems still remain unresolved, especially avoidance of collision (anti-collision algorithm) when identifying multiple tags simultaneously. This paper presents an efficient anti-collision algorithm based on stochastic method. The algorithm we propose uses bit-slot mechanism. Bit-slot mechanism means the way that regards one bit of each tag as one time slot. Compared to other stochastic algorithms such as I-Code protocol, the proposed algorithm does not need any timing circuit with tags while I-Code protocol needs one. Moreover, it decreases the number of message transmissions between tags and tag readers. Anti-collision algorithms based on tree structures show reasonable accuracy and cost, but the performance of them can be degraded because the number of message transmissions between tags and readers exponentially increases depending on the size of ID. The proposed algorithm resolves this problem. Accordingly, the performance of proposed algorithm is improved as the length of tag ID is increased.
Rizikos grupių suaugusiųjų požiūris į mokymąsi

Socialinių mokslų (edukologijos) daktarė Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto Socialinių mokslų fakulteto Edukologijos katedra K. Donelaicio g. 58, LT-44044 Kaunas Tel. (8 3) 732 78 21 Straipsnyje pristatomi tyrimo, atskleidžiancio bedarbių rizikos grupių suaugusiųjų požiūrį į mokymąsi,kaip suvokiama mokymosi vertė ir jo teikiama nauda, duomenys. Taikant kokybinį fokusuotų grupių interviu tyrimo metodą siekta apibūdinti sių grupių suaugusiųjų autentiską mokymosi sampratą, paremtą jų pacių supratimu ir socialiniu kontekstu. Isryskėjo, kad rizikos grupėms priklausantys asmenys teigiamai žiūri į mokymąsi ir įžvelgia jo naudą siuolaikinio žmogaus gyvenime. Taciau jie linke mokymosi galimybe perkelti kitiems – jaunesniems, turintiems daugiau pajamų ir aukstesnį socialinį statusą. Be to, mokymosi naudingumą jie tiesiogiai sieja su galimybe paskui įsidarbinti ar ismokti amato, todėl nori mokytis tradiciniu būdu, o ne savarankiskai ar nuotoliniu būdu.
Modelling Babbage’s Difference Engine

Charles Babbage’s Difference Engine is commonly considered to be the world’s first computer. As such it is an important part of any Computing teaching. Though much literature exists on Babbage, the construction of the engine and the algorithm it computes, little has been written about the actual operation of the machine. Constructionism is well known in the field of teaching and learning. This paper will attempt to identify the relative merits of constructionism in creating a model of the Difference Engine for educational purposes, describe the model and process and discuss this approach with regards to its relationship to Empirical Modelling.
Sparse Balanced Partitions and the Complexity of Subgraph Problems

We consider the problem of partitioning the vertices of an n-vertex graph with maximum degree d into k classes V1,…,Vk of size at most ⌈n/k⌉ in a way that minimizes the number of pairs (i,j) for which there is an edge between Vi and Vj. We show that there is always such a partition with O(k2-2/d) adjacent pairs, and this bound is tight. This problem is related to questions about the depth of certain graph embeddings, which have been used in the study of the complexity of subgraph and constraint satisfaction problems. (A corrected version of this paper has been appended to the originally posted pdf.)
Towards a Post-Marxist Radical Social Theory@@@Democracy and Capitalism: Property, Community, and the Contradictions of Modern Social Thought.

Originally published in 1986, Bowles and Gintis present a critique of contemporary Marxian and liberal political theory. They show that 'capitalism' and 'democracy' - although widely held jointly to characterize Western society - are sharply contrasting systems regulating both the process of human development and the historical evolution of whole societies. They examine in detail the relationship between political theory and economics, and explore the multifaceted character of power in modern societies.
Should Barbiturates be Used in Refractory Status Epilepticus?

Summary: Status epilepticus (SE) is a frequent neurologic emergency, one third of patients do not respond to treatment with benzodiazepines followed by a second antiepileptic drug. While initial treatment of complex partial SE is accordant to that of generalized convulsive SE, further management of refractory SE depends on the risk for acute complications and long-term clinical consequences. These risks are low in complex partial SE; therefore, in this clinical form anesthetics commonly are not used. Generalized convulsive SE—even in its early course—is a potentially life-threatening condition; therefore, prompt use of anesthetics is urgently required. Drugs of choice are barbiturates, midazolam, and propofol, all of which exhibit specific advantages and disadvantages. Up to now, data from clinical studies do not allow to prefer or to discard one of these anesthetics, therefore also barbiturates still should be used in refractory SE. A widely accepted in-house protocol for the management of initial and refractory SE is highly recommended.
Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus Replication by MyD88 Involves Accelerated Degradation of Pregenomic RNA and Nuclear Retention of Pre-S/S RNAs

ABSTRACT Myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88), which can be induced by alpha interferon (IFN-α), has an antiviral activity against the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The mechanism of this antiviral activity remains poorly understood. Here, we report that MyD88 inhibited HBV replication in HepG2.2. 15 cells and in a mouse model. The knockdown of MyD88 expression weakened the IFN-α-induced inhibition of HBV replication. Furthermore, MyD88 posttranscriptionally reduced the levels of viral RNA. Remarkably, MyD88 accelerated the decay of viral pregenomic RNA in the cytoplasm. Mapping analysis showed that the RNA sequence located in the 5′-proximal region of the pregenomic RNA was critical for the decay. In addition, MyD88 inhibited the nuclear export of pre-S/S RNAs via the posttranscriptional regulatory element (PRE). The retained pre-S/S RNAs were shown to degrade in the nucleus. Finally, we found that MyD88 inhibited the expression of polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB), a key nuclear export factor for PRE-containing RNA. Taken together, our results define a novel antiviral mechanism against HBV mediated by MyD88.
Metadata Extraction from Chinese Research Papers Based on Conditional Random Fields

With the appearance of more and more research papers on the Internet, it becomes more and more important to accurately extract the metadata from paper header and citation of research papers. In this paper, a method based on conditional random fields (CRFs) is proposed for automatic extraction of metadata from Chinese research papers. The key of this algorithm is parameter estimation and feature selection. We employ L-BFGS algorithm for parameter estimation. We analyze three classes of features and perform feature induction. In the processing the method makes use of the format information of list separators and special-labels to segment text, and then combines CRFs for metadata extraction from papers. We compare the performance of the metadata extracting on English and Chinese datasets using CRFs, also compare the performance of the different model: CRFs and hidden Markov model (HMM) on Chinese datasets. Experimental results show that CRFs perform better than HMM.
Pengaruh Komitmen Organisasi terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) PT X Bandung

The objective of this study to determine the effect of organizational commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). T he samples at PT X Bandung, a state own company dealing with electrical power with 54 employees.The data was collected using 32 questionnaire. Deleted the validity, reliability, normality, multicolinnearity, heteroskedasticity, and hypothesis are test using IBM SPSS 21. The hypotesis of the problem in this research is : the organizational commitment has significant relationship with OCB, simultaneously, and partially. The results showed that: simultaneously, organizational commitment has significant effect on OCB. However, partially, among the dimensions of organizational commitment has not significant except normative commitment which have significant effect on OCB. Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Organizational Commitment, Normative Commitment