Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutrition Interventions for Pediatric Obesity Prevention: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

Nutrition interventions to prevent pediatric obesity can help to establish healthy habits to improve current and future health. The objective of this umbrella review of systematic reviews (SRs) is to examine the impact of obesity prevention interventions with a nutrition component on body mass index measures, overweight/obesity prevalence, and cost-effectiveness in participants 2–17 years old. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods were used, and this umbrella review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023443033). Included SRs were required to search ≥2 databases and to assess the risk of bias (RoB) of primary studies, and they were published 2017–June 2023. Database searches identified 4776 articles, and 31 SRs were included. In all age groups combined, interventions with both nutrition and physical activity were effective and cost-effective in all settings combined, and in the community setting specifically. In children ≤5 years old, interventions in the home and family, community, and healthcare settings demonstrated some efficacy, whereas in children 6–12 years old, school interventions were most effective. Evidence with individuals 13–17 years was limited. The certainty of evidence was generally low due to RoB in included studies, inconsistency, and imprecision. Pediatric obesity prevention interventions with nutrition should be tailored to the developmental stage to ensure appropriateness and efficacy.
Serum Metabolomic Profiling of Patients with Lipedema

Lipedema is a chronic condition characterized by disproportionate and symmetrical enlargement of adipose tissue, predominantly affecting the lower limbs of women. This study investigated the use of metabolomics in lipedema research, with the objective of identifying complex metabolic disturbances and potential biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and treatment strategies. The study group (n = 25) comprised women diagnosed with lipedema. The controls were 25 lean women and 25 obese females, both matched for age. In the patients with lipedema, there were notable changes in the metabolite parameters. Specifically, lower levels of histidine and phenylalanine were observed, whereas pyruvic acid was elevated compared with the weight controls. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the diagnostic accuracy of histidine, phenylalanine, and pyruvic acid concentrations in distinguishing between patients with lipedema and those with obesity but without lipedema revealed good diagnostic ability for all parameters, with pyruvic acid being the most promising (area under the curve (AUC): 0.9992). Subgroup analysis within matched body mass index (BMI) ranges (30.0 to 39.9 kg/m2) further revealed that differences in pyruvic acid, phenylalanine, and histidine levels are likely linked to lipedema pathology rather than BMI variations. Changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-6 TG levels and significant reductions in various LDL-2-carried lipids of patients with lipedema, compared with the lean controls, were observed. However, these lipids were similar between the lipedema patients and the obese controls, suggesting that these alterations are related to adiposity. Metabolomics is a valuable tool for investigating lipedema, offering a comprehensive view of metabolic changes and insights into lipedema’s underlying mechanisms.
Growth and Development Performance of Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Larvae on Fermented Palm Kernel Meal (PKM) Substrate

Larvae of Hermetia illucens (Black Soldier Fly/BSF) are considered agents of bioconversion of organic waste, including by-products of agroindustrial waste. Palm kernel meal (PKM), a palm oil mill waste contains high lignocellulose, making it difficult for BSF larvae to digest in which pre treatment process is required. This study aims to analyze the growth and development performance of BSF larvae in fermented PKM waste using EM4 and molasses as the pretreatment process. Five (5) days old BSF larvae were reared in PKM waste, which was fermented with EM4 and molasses for 2, 3, and 4 days (F2, F3, and F4) and with water for four days (FA) while chicken feed (PA) applied as control. During this study, growth rate, average weight, developmental period, survival rate, and larval development period. Feed efficiency and feed reduction analyzed by efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), feed conversion ratio (FCR), waste reduction index (WRI) and substrate consumption rate (SCR). The growth and development performance of F2 group was the best among other treatment groups which is similar to larvae fed on chicken feed as a control. All treatments showed high larval survival rates (99.72-100.00%). On the other hand, the best best reduction efficiency recorded in F3. Based on these result it can be concluded that pretreatment of PKM by EM4 and molasses is applicable to be improve the quality of PKM as feeding material for BSF larvae.
Protecting Social and Cultural Identity in Sustainable Tourism: The Case of Gökçeada, Turkey

Sustainable tourism development is a concept that recognizes both environmental and socio-cultural limits to development. It also recognizes that as tourist numbers increase, socio-cultural and environmental costs increase. As such, sustainable tourism considers social and cultural liability, economic productivity and ecological sensibility in all its processes. The sustainability of the tourism industry can only be assured through maintaining the natural, social and cultural values of regional areas that rely on a tourism industry. In this case study of tourism on Gokceada (Imbros) Island in Turkey, a model is developed which explains the maintenance of social, cultural, natural and architectural environments to achieve sustainability in tourism. The case study research employs interviews, observation and Delphi techniques. A SWOT analysis on how best to protect and develop the social and cultural identity of Gokceada is completed based on the findings of the interviews, observations, Delphi analysis and literature. A Sustainable Tourism Tree Model is presented for tourism in Gokceada. Future applications of the Sustainable Tourism Tree Model, both for generating development of tourist destinations in a sustainable way and for resolving socio-cultural challenges in development, are discussed.
Stanford neuromodulation therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review

Objective This systematic review of randomized controlled studies (RCTs) and observational studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of stanford neuromodulation therapy (SNT) for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods A systematic search (up to 25 September, 2023) of RCTs and single-arm prospective studies was conducted. Results One RCT (n = 29) and three single-arm prospective studies (n = 34) met the study entry criteria. In the RCT, compared to sham, active SNT was significantly associated with higher rates of antidepressant response (71.4% versus 13.3%) and remission (57.1% versus 0%). Two out of the three single-arm prospective studies reported the percentage of antidepressant response after completing SNT, ranging from 83.3% (5/6) to 90.5% (19/21). In the three single-arm prospective studies, the antidepressant remission rates ranged from 66.7% (4/6) to 90.5% (19/21). No severe adverse events occurred in all the four studies. Conclusion This systematic review found SNT significantly improved depressive symptoms in patients with TRD within 5 days, without severe adverse events.
Stability Improvement of Parallel-Connected Inverters Under Very Weak Distorted Grid Using Observer-Based Incremental Control Scheme

In this paper, an incremental control scheme equipped with harmonic mitigation control terms and a robust full-state observer is designed for a single or multiple parallel-connected LCL-filtered grid-connected inverter (GCI) system under very weak distorted grid (short circuit ratio (SCR) >2). The admittance-based method is used to assess the system stability when single or multiple inverters in parallel are connected to the complex grid (inductive-type ( $L-$ type), and inductive-capacitive-type (LC-type) grid impedances). The analysis shows that the phase angle of inverter output admittance over the entire frequency band (from low frequency up to the Nyquist frequency) is maintained to be lower than 90°. This ensures that the harmonic compensation strategy of the proposed scheme successfully attenuates the low order harmonics of grid voltages without threatening system stability under very weak grid environment. Furthermore, the potential high frequency resonances caused by the interaction between inverter system and LC-type grid impedance are damped well thanks to the passive inverter output admittance in the high frequency range (from the frequency of 13th order harmonic up to the Nyquist frequency). Hardware experiments are conducted for the single LCL-filtered GCI and two parallel-connected LCL-filtered GCIs with identical and non-identical type inverters under weak and complex grid conditions to verify the correctness of the theoretical analyses. Fair comparisons with the conventional schemes are also presented to highlight the superior performance of the proposed scheme.
Efficacy of Hangeshashinto in the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hangeshashinto has attracted attention owing to its potential to prevent chemotherapy-induced diarrhea. However, studies on the efficacy of Hangeshashinto have had conflicting results. Evaluating the efficacy of Hangeshashinto may contribute to reducing the use and adverse events caused by drug therapy for chemotherapy-induced diarrhea. Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), PubMed, Ichushi, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched to retrieve all the relevant studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the administration of Hangeshashinto with that of other treatments in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy were included. The primary outcome was severe (grade 3-4) diarrhea assessed using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. The secondary outcome was mild (grade 0-2) diarrhea. Out of 324 records identified, three studies were selected for the meta-analysis. Irinotecan was used for chemotherapy in all these studies. Hangeshashinto did not reduce the incidence of severe diarrhea compared with other treatments (risk ratio (RR) 0.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.11-1.41, P = 0.15; low-quality evidence). Moreover, Hangeshashinto did not reduce the incidence of mild diarrhea (RR 1.35, 95% CI 0.87-2.09, P = 0.18; low-quality evidence). However, in the subgroup analysis compared with no treatment, the Hangeshashinto group had a significantly lower incidence of severe diarrhea (RR 0.17, 95% CI 0.03-0.88, P = 0.03; low-quality evidence). At present, insufficient evidence exists to support the claim that Hangeshashinto prevents diarrhea caused by irinotecan-based chemotherapy.
Generative and Discriminative Learning for Lung X-Ray Analysis Based on Probabilistic Component Analysis

Introduction The paper presents a hybrid generative/discriminative classification method aimed at identifying abnormalities, such as cancer, in lung X-ray images. Methods The proposed method involves a generative model that performs generative embedding in Probabilistic Component Analysis (PrCA). The primary goal of PrCA is to model co-existing information within a probabilistic framework, with the intent to locate the feature vector space for X-ray data based on a defined kernel structure. A kernel-based classifier, grounded in information-theoretic principles, was employed in this study. Results The performance of the proposed method is evaluated against nearest neighbour (NN) classifiers and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers, which use a diagonal covariance matrix and incorporate normal linear and non-linear kernels, respectively. Discussion The method is found to achieve superior accuracy, offering a viable solution to the class of problems presented. Accuracy rates achieved by the kernels in the NN and SVM models were 95.02% and 92.45%, respectively, suggesting the method’s competitiveness with state-of-the-art approaches.
Genotyping and Molecular Detection of Polymorphism in FUT1 Gene of Swine

Alpha (1, 2)-fucosyltransferase (FUT1), as a candidate gene in controlling the expression of E. coli F18 receptor has been identified to determine whether an animal is resistant or susceptible to infections. This study was conducted to determine the genotypes of 150 blood samples of the three swine breeds and 20 representatives were randomly selected for sequencing. Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism results revealed that among the 150 blood samples, seven of the Duroc x Pietrain samples carried AG genotype which was previously reported susceptible to ETEC infection. Two AA genotypes that are presumptively resistant and 50 were presumptively susceptible as these samples carried either AG or GG genotypes from the Landrace variety. Of the Large White samples, two samples carried AA genotype and 89 have either AG or GG genotype. The twenty samples sent for DNA sequencing registered 100% homologies to Sus scrofa FUT1 gene. Twelve of the sequenced samples exhibited a shift from G to A in the 117th nucleotide and one sample had a C to T shift in the 39th nucleotide. The mutation was found in all of the Duroc X Pietrain samples as well as those samples with AA genotype. Heterozygous forms of Landrace and Large White also exhibited this mutation.
Tonabersat Significantly Reduces Disease Progression in an Experimental Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease marked by chronic neuroinflammation thought to be mediated by the inflammasome pathway. Connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels contribute to the activation of the inflammasome through the release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) inflammasome activation signals. The objective of the study was to evaluate if the Cx43 hemichannel blocker, tonabersat, is effective in modulating the inflammatory response and reducing disability in the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35–55-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (MOG35–55 EAE) model of MS. Here, we show that the Cx43 hemichannel blocking drug, tonabersat, significantly reduced expression of neuroinflammatory markers for microglial activation (ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)) and astrogliosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)) while preserving myelin basic protein (MBP) expression levels in the corpus callosum, motor cortex, and striatum regions of the brain in MOG35–55 EAE mice. Reduced NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex assembly and Caspase-1 activation confirmed the drug’s mode of action. MOG35–55 EAE mice showed clinical signs of MS, but MOG35–55 EAE mice treated with tonabersat retained behavior closer to normal. These data suggest that clinical trial phase IIb-ready tonabersat may merit further investigation as a promising candidate for MS treatment.
DIFFERENTIAL SAR TOMOGRAPHY OF LARGE-SCALE WATER CONSERVANCY PROJECTS UNDER STEEP TERRAIN – THE CASE STUDY OF LAXIWA HYDROPOWER STATION

Abstract. Differential SAR Tomography (D-TomoSAR), as an extension of InSAR technology, combines D-InSAR and TomoSAR technology to achieve imaging in the height-deformation rate (s-v) plane. It not only solves the layover problem of SAR imaging, but also obtains the height and deformation rate of each scatterer within the image element. The technique is currently mainly applied to complex scenes in urban areas where the layover problem is serious, and the layover effect also exists for hydropower plants with extremely steep slopes. In this paper, the Differential SAR Tomography technique is applied to the four-dimensional imaging of hydraulic engineering for the first time, taking the La Siwa hydropower station as an example. This experiment establishes the signal model based on permanent scatterer points, so interferometric processing and PS point selection should be performed to obtain the differential interferogram sequence and PS points in the region; the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm is selected for differential SAR tomography imaging processing to reconstruct the elevation-deformation rate backward scattering profile. The experiments use the 23-view TerraSAR-X satellite one-meter resolution time series image dataset for deformation monitoring of the Laxiwa hydropower dam in GuiDe County, Qinghai Province, China, and finally the resolution and reconstruction estimation performance are evaluated by theoretical analysis and application case study. A comparison with the traditional InSAR technique shows that the differential SAR tomography technique not only maintains the advantages of high resolution, but also significantly improves the probability of accurate reconstruction of scattered points, and achieves higher accuracy in estimating the deformation of hydropower dams. This paper mainly discusses the application of differential SAR tomography technology in water conservancy projects, hoping to provide reference and help for the future large-scale application of differential SAR tomography technology in hydroelectric dam deformation monitoring.
Pedogenesis of outwash derived soils on terraces of the Des Moines River

Soils are a product of parent material, organisms, relief, climate, and time. If all factors except climate could be held relatively constant, the effect that climate plays in the formation of soils could be examined. Following that approach, this study collected and analyzed outwash derived soils from three locations on terraces of the Des Moines River. To provide a climosequence, the three selected locations were spaced out along the length of the river from the NW to SE coinciding with mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT) both increasing from NW to SE. The soils compared all formed on the same landscape (high river terrace), in the same parent material (outwash), with the same organisms (trees followed by prairie) over the same amount of time (about 11,000 years). Soil profiles were described and soil horizons were analyzed for bulk density, soil texture, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), inorganic carbon, and mineralogy. The sola sampled are typically loams or clay loams in the upper part of the profiles and gravelly sandy loams in the lower part. Several trends in the soil properties and morphologies were observed that co-vary with the MAP and MAT climate gradients. The SOC in the upper solum decreases from NW to SE while SOC in lower solum increases from NW to SE. The clay amount and mean particle size of the fine earth fraction are correlated. The southernmost location’s sola had fewer coarse fragments, but about 5% more clay in the B horizons. Bulk density increases with depth, but no trend across the three locations was observed. No trend in pH could be determined due to the legacy of land management. Soil survey map accuracy was found to be poor with only seven sola from the 25 sites matching the dominant soil
Atypical juvenile myoclonic epilepsy with structural brain abnormalities and cognitive impairment: A case report

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is an idiopathic generalized epilepsy affecting 5–10% of epilepsy patients. Its exact cause remains unknown, but recent studies indicate frontal region involvement. It responds well to anticonvulsants but is often misdiagnosed with focal-onset epilepsy. We present a 9-year-old girl with myoclonic, absence, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures happening over three months. EEG revealed slow spike and wave complexes with generalized polyspikes, while brain MRI identified encephalomalacia cysts with right frontotemporal lobe hemiatrophy. Valproic acid treatment led to seizure-free status for one month. In conclusion, timely EEG and neuroimaging are pivotal in identifying structural abnormalities in JME patients with pronounced cognitive impairment, enabling tailored treatment and better outcomes.
Fossil Octocorallia of the Red Bluff Formation, Lower Oligocene, Mississippi

An assemblage of well-preserved octocoral holdfasts and sclerites has been collected from the Red Bluff Formation at the Chickasawhay River, Wayne County, Mississippi. Seven families were identified, utilizing a collection of approximately 1,000 sclerites. Families represented are Telestidae, Nephtheidae, Anthothelidae, Paramuriceidae, Plexauridae, Virgulariidae, and Gorgoniidae. These families, with exception of the Gorgoniidae, are here reported for the first time as fossils from the Gulf Coast region. The collection represents one of the most diverse fossil octocoral assemblages known from a single location.
Functional traits and performance of woody species on oil- affected soils of the Ecuadorian Amazon

Introduction: Plant functional traits are widely used to predict community productivity. However, they are rarely used to predict the performance (in terms of growth diameter, growth height, survival, and integral response index) of woody species planted in degraded soils. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the functional traits and the performance of 25 woody species planted in disturbed soils affected by oil extraction activities in Ecuadorian Amazon. Methods: Eighteen permanent sampling plots were established and five 6-month-old seedlings of each 25 species were randomly planted in each plot (125 individuals per plot), at a distance of 4×4 m. Eight quantitative functional traits (leaf size, specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen concentration, leaf phosphorus concentration, leaf minimum unit, leaf dry matter content, stem specific density and leaf tensile strength) were determined for each species. Results: The woody species with high performance shows greater leaf size, specific leaf area and Stem Specific Density than those showing low performance. Leaf nitrogen concentration and stem specific density had a direct relationship with the integral response index. The leaf size, leaf phosphorus concentration, leaf dry matter content and leaf tensile strength sows a negative relationship with the integral response index. Conclusions: Our study showed that the performance of woody species o disturbed soils can be predicted satisfyingly by leaf and stem functional traits, presumably because these traits capture most of environmental and neighborhood conditions.