Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategic value of collaboration agreements for knowledge acquisition in Open Innovation . The case of ICT industry in Spain

This work had as main objective to analyze features when several agents cooperate in innovation processes. This investigation intends to provide data on the existence of certain elements in Information Technology and Communication (ICT) companies when collaborate in product innovation. The results show different scenarios, companies that innovate alone, trend to the patent citation as a source of knowledge. And those who carry out more complex innovations go to the partnerships, the incorporation of human capital and non-patent citation.
Epidemiological aspects of human immunodeficiency virus/tuberculosis co-infection in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil from 1998 to 2003.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis cases reported in the city of Ribeirão Preto between 1998 and 2003, according to patient HIV status, gender, age bracket and treatment outcome. METHODS This was a descriptive epidemiological study that employed the Brazilian National Tuberculosis Notification Database as an instrument of data collection. The study sample consisted of all cases of human immunodeficiency virus/tuberculosis co-infection occurring in residents of Ribeirão Preto and reported between 1998 and 2003. RESULTS During this period, 1273 new cases of tuberculosis were reported, 377 of which were in HIV-positive individuals, for a co-infection rate of 30%. Of the cases of co-infection, 76% were in men, and the majority occurred in individuals in the 20-59 age bracket. In terms of treatment outcome, cure was achieved in 52%, treatment abandonment was reported in 11%, and death occurred in 32%. The predominant clinical form of tuberculosis was the pulmonary form, which accounted for 58% of the cases. CONCLUSION A high prevalence of co-infection was observed in the community studied. The treatment outcomes seen among the cases in our study sample underscore the need to adopt special strategies to monitor this clientele. Comparing the cases of tuberculosis in isolation with the cases of co-infection, no gender-related or age-related differences were observed.
Monitoring cellular metabolism with fluorescence lifetime of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Fluorescence lifetime imaging has gained popularity as a sensitive technique to monitor the functional/conformational states of NADH - one of the main compounds of the oxidative phosphorylation. We hereby review the development and current application of cellular metabolism observation via NADH FLIM, illustrating it with examples of physiological and pathological states.
Exact Passive-Aggressive Algorithm for Multiclass Classification Using Support Class

The Passive Aggressive framework [1] is a principled approach to online linear classification that advocates minimal weight updates i.e., the least required so that the current training instance is correctly classified. While the PA framework allows integration with different loss functions, it is yet to be combined with a multiclass loss function that penalizes every class with a score higher than the true class. We call the method of training the classifier with this loss function the Support Class Passive Aggressive Algorithm. In order to obtain a weight update formula, we solve a quadratic optimization problem by using multiple constraints and arrive at a closed-form solution. This lets us obtain a simple but effective algorithm that updates the classifier against multiple classes for which an instance is likely to be mistaken. We call them the support classes. Experiments demonstrated that our method improves the traditional PA algorithms.
Targeting the A3 adenosine receptor for cancer therapy: inhibition of prostate carcinoma cell growth by A3AR agonist.

BACKGROUND Agonists to A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) were shown to inhibit the growth of various tumor cell types. The present study demonstrates that a synthetic A3AR agonist, 1-deoxy-1-[6-[[(3-iodophenyl)methyl]amino]-9H-purine- 9-yl]-N-methyl-beta-D-ribofura-nuronamide (IB-MECA), inhibits the growth of androgen-independent PC-3 prostate human carcinoma cells and illustrates the molecular mechanism involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS PC-3 prostate carcinoma cells were used. Cell growth was examined in vitro by the thymidine incorporation assay and in vivo by inoculating the tumor cells subcutaneously into nude mice and monitoring tumor size. The protein expression level in cells and tumor extracts was tested by Western blot analysis. RESULTS A decrease in the protein expression level of A3AR and the downstream effector PKAc was observed. Consequently, the GSK-3 beta protein level increased, resulting in the destabilization of beta-catenin and the subsequent suppression of cyclin D1 and c-myc expression. IB-MECA treatment also induced down-modulation of the expression of NF-kappa B/p65, known to regulate the transcription of cyclin D1 and c-Myc. This chain of events occurred both in vitro and in vivo and suggests the use of the above-mentioned signaling proteins as markers to predict tumor cell response to A3AR activation. CONCLUSION Taken together, we demonstrated that A3AR activation deregulates the Wnt and the NF-kappa B signaling pathways resulting in the inhibition of prostate carcinoma cell growth.
Overexpression of Cyclin D 2 in Chronic B-Cell Malignancies

Tumor progression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLLI is thought t o result from the gradual accumulation of small resting GOIGI phase lymphoid cells rather than the proliferation of actively dividing cells. The recent identification of G I cyclins that are likely t o control both the progression through GO and G I phase and the Gl lS transition prompted us to study the mRNA expression of D-type cyclins in the peripheral blood lymphocytes from 34 patients with B-CLL, 7 patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL), and 2 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Cyclin D2 mRNA was, on average, 5t o IO-fold overexpressed in most of the samples studied (B-CLL, 29/34; LPL, 717; MCL, 0121 as compared with normal resting B lymphocytes, in which cyclin D2 mRNA was barely detectable. In situ hybridization with cyclin D2 digoxigenin-labeled mRNA probe showed that all the cells from a given sample were stained with approximately the same intensity. Cyclin D3 was never detected in any of the samples tested, whereas cyclin D1 was expressed in only the 3 cases (1 LPL and 2 MCL) bearing a t(11;14) translocation. A trisomy 12 was found in 4 of 19
Upper-Bounding the Capacity of Relay Communications - Part II

This paper focuses on the capacity of peer-to-peer relay communications wherein the transmitter are assisted by an arbitrary number of parallel relays, i.e. there is no link and cooperation between the relays themselves. We detail the mathematical model of different relaying strategies including cutset and amplify and forward strategies. The cutset upper bound capacity is presented as a reference to compare another realistic strategy. We present its outer region capacity which is lower than that in the existing literature. We show that a multiple parallel relayed network achieves its maximum capacity by virtue of only one relay or by virtue of all relays together. Adding a relay may even decrease the overall capacity or may do not change it. We exemplify various outer region capacities of the addressed strategies with two different case studies. The results exhibit that in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) environments the cutset outperforms the amplify and forward strategy and this is contrary in high SNR environments.
Speaker recognition using kernel-PCA and intersession variability modeling

This paper presents a new method for text independent speaker recognition. We embed both training and test sessions into a session space. The session space is a direct sum of a common-speaker subspace and a speaker-unique subspace. The common-speaker subspace is Euclidean and is spanned by a set of reference sessions. Kernel-PCA is used to explicitly embed sessions into the common-speaker subspace. The common-speaker subspace typically captures attributes that are common to many speakers. The speaker-unique subspace is the orthogonal complement of the common-speaker subspace and typically captures attributes that are speaker unique. We model intersession variability in the common-speaker subspace, and combine it with the information that exists in the speaker-unique subspace. Our suggested framework leads to a 43.5% reduction in error rate compared to a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) baseline.
Does Reconsolidation Occur in Humans?

Evidence for reconsolidation in non-human animals has accumulated rapidly in the last decade, providing compelling` demonstration for this phenomenon across species and memory paradigms. In vast contrast, scant evidence exists for human reconsolidation to date. A major reason for this discrepancy is the invasive nature of current techniques used to investigate reconsolidation, which are difficult to apply in humans. Pharmacological blockade of reconsolidation, for example, has been typically used in animals as a proof of concept. However, most compounds used in these studies are toxic for humans, and those compounds that are safe target related, but not direct mechanisms of reconsolidation. Thus, although human reconsolidation has been hypothesized, there is limited evidence it actually exists. The best evidence for human reconsolidation emerges from non-invasive techniques that “update” memory during reconsolidation rather than block it, a technique only rarely used in animal research. Here we discuss the current state of human reconsolidation and the challenges ahead. We review findings on reconsolidation of emotional associative, episodic, and procedural memories, using invasive and non-invasive techniques. We discuss the possible interpretation of these results, attempt to reconcile some inconsistencies, and suggest a conceptual framework for future research.
GOP-Based Geographic Routing Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks

Many applications have been proposed in wireless sensor networks. For example, environmental monitoring, health monitoring, battlefield surveillance, etc. Most of these applications require the sensor nodes to transmit the up-to-date image or video back to the sink node for real-time processing. However, the computational power and energy constraints of the sensor devices greatly limit the possibility of using some traditional streaming approaches to stream the data back to the sink node. In this paper, we proposed a Group of Pictures (GOP) based geographic multipath routing scheme with selective retransmission in wireless sensor networks. In the routing algorithm, each intermediate sensor node will consider the effect of the drop of each frame to the video quality. As a result, the sensor nodes can conserve energy and maintain the predefined acceptable video quality by only selectively retransmit the frames which are more important to the video quality. An extensive simulation has been performed and the results show that our scheme can more evenly distribute the loads to different sensor nodes in the network without sacrificing much in video quality.
Jitk: A Trustworthy In-Kernel Interpreter Infrastructure

Modern operating systems run multiple interpreters in the kernel, which enable user-space applications to add new functionality or specialize system policies. The correctness of such interpreters is critical to the overall system security: bugs in interpreters could allow adversaries to compromise user-space applications and even the kernel. Jitk is a new infrastructure for building in-kernel interpreters that guarantee functional correctness as they compile user-space policies down to native instructions for execution in the kernel. To demonstrate Jitk, we implement two interpreters in the Linux kernel, BPF and INET-DIAG, which are used for network and system call filtering and socket monitoring, respectively. To help application developers write correct filters, we introduce a high-level rule language, along with a proof that Jitk correctly translates high-level rules all the way to native machine code, and demonstrate that this language can be integrated into OpenSSH with tens of lines of code. We built a prototype of Jitk on top of the CompCert verified compiler and integrated it into the Linux kernel. Experimental results show that Jitk is practical, fast, and trustworthy.
Religio-cultural variation in childbearing practices.

A sample of 300 mothers aged 20-35 years from Bihar city in Bhagalpur, India, was drawn to reflect similar ages, education, family income, number of children, and residence for each religious group: Hindu, Muslim, and Christian. The hypothesis was that childbearing mothers would differ significantly in their child rearing methods and attitudes toward their children. The Child Care Schedule asked questions about methods of feeding, weaning, toilet training, and bed habit training. The Parent Attitude Schedule measures mother's attitudes: restrictive-permissive, loving-rejecting, and protecting-neglecting. The results indicated that 78% of Christian mothers breast fed compared to 75% of Muslim mothers and 58% of Hindu mothers. There were significant differences between groups in feeding practices (x2= 11.18, df=2, p.01). 77.3% of Christian mothers practiced a 3-hour feeding schedule, compared to 52% of Muslim mothers and 50% of Hindu mothers; 49.5% of Hindu mothers preferred a 4-hour feeding schedule. These differences were also significant. 54% of HIndu mothers wean before 12 months, and only 33% of Muslim and 35% of Christian mothers did. A greater proportion of Muslim mothers (58%) wean between 13 and 24 months. Differences again were significant. 66% or more of the mothers in each group practiced gradual weaning rather than forced or casual weaning. There were significant differences in toilet training habits and training in washing and bathing among the 3 groups of women. All 3 groups believed in moderate training in bathing. There were insignificant differences in bed habit training and the age at which training began. About 75% of all mothers followed moderate approaches to bed habit training. There were significant differences in child rearing attitudes between Hindus and Muslims. Hindu mothers were the least restrictive, and Christian mothers were the most restrictive. The same pattern applied to loving-rejecting and protecting-neglecting. Christian mothers were the most loving, and Muslim mothers were the least loving. Christian mothers were the most protective and Muslim mothers the least protective. In Hindu families with early weaning and toilet training, the joint family system helps to dissipate frustration caused by early practices. Further research on cultural differences in personality and cultural variations in child rearing is needed.
Stroke‐guided Image Synthesis for Skeletal Structure Editing

Creating variations of an image object is an important task, which usually requires manipulating the skeletal structure of the object. However, most existing methods (such as image deformation) only allow for stretching the skeletal structure of an object: modifying skeletal topology remains a challenge. This paper presents a technique for synthesizing image objects with different skeletal structures while respecting to an input image object. To apply this technique, a user firstly annotates the skeletal structure of the input object by specifying a number of strokes in the input image, and draws corresponding strokes in an output domain to generate new skeletal structures. Then, a number of the example texture pieces are sampled along the strokes in the input image and pasted along the strokes in the output domain with their orientations. The result is obtained by optimizing the texture sampling and seam computation. The proposed method is successfully used to synthesize challenging skeletal structures, such as skeletal branches, and a wide range of image objects with various skeletal structures, to demonstrate its effectiveness.
A Generalized Dictionary Machine for VLSI

We show that a machine in which the processors are interconnected as a binary tree can support all the dictionary and priority queue operations as well as some other data queries. Every one of the operations takes O(log n) steps where n is the number of keys present. A sequence of operations can be pipe-lined at a constant rate. In previous designs, either an operation required Ω(log N) steps where N is the total capacity of the machine, i.e., the maximum number of keys that can be stored in it, or O(log n) performance was achieved at the expense of additional wires.
8.7 Hybrid Systems and Control

In this section we present an overview for the development of complex discrete event and hybrid systems within the robotics, automation, and intelligent system domain. We start by presenting an overview of discrete event and hybrid systems, and then illustrate the concept by an example from the robotics and automation domain. The application discussed is for formulating an observer for manipulating agents. Hybrid systems, in which digital and analogue devices and sensors interact over time, is attracting the attention of researchers. Representation of states and the physical system condition includes continuous and discrete numerics, in addition to symbols and logical parameters. Most of the current robotics, automation, and intelligent systems problems, as well as problems in other domains, fall within the description of hybrid systems. There are many issues that need to be resolved, among them, deenitions for observability, stability and stabilizability, controllability in general, uncertainty of state transitions and identiication of the system. The underlying mathematical representation of complex computer-controlled systems is still insuucient to create a set of models which accurately captures the dynamics of the systems over the entire range of system operation. We remain in a situation where we must tradeoo the accuracy of our models with the manageability of the models. Closed-form solutions of mathematical models are almost exclusively limited to linear system models. Computer simulation of nonlinear and discrete-event models provide a means for oo-line design of control systems. Guarantees of system performance are limited to those regions where the robustness conditions apply. These conditions may not apply during startup and shutdown or during periods of anomalous operation. Recently, attempts have been made to model low and high-level system changes in automated and semi-automatic systems as discrete event dynamic systems (DEDS). Several attempts to improve the modeling capabilities are focused on mapping the continuous world into a discrete one. However, repeated results are available which indicate that large interactive systems evolve into states where minor events can lead to a catastrophe. Discrete event and hybrid system formulations have been used in many domains to model and control system state changes within a process. A number of tools and modeling techniques are being used to model and control discrete event systems in the above domains. Some of the modeling strategies include: Timed,
Does a student log provide a means to better structure clinical education?

In order to optimize student learning during clinical rotations, the learning situation could be better structured. A student log was developed in order to improve the structure of clinical education. In this log, students systematically register essential learning activities. Students record daily the patient problems with which they had been confronted and in which fashion (passive, active, without or with feedback).
Nephrotoxicity of common drugs used in clinical practice.

To the Editor. —We read with interest the article by Cooper and Bennett, on drug-induced nephrotoxicity, which appeared in the July 1987 issue of theArchives. 1 The authors should be commended on the excellent and thoroughly detailed review of this complex subject, in particular, the explanation regarding aminoglycoside-induced renal dysfunction. Although dosing recommendations were a minor portion of the article, there are a few areas regarding aminoglycoside dosing that we would like to address. The authors' recommended maintenance dose of aminoglycosides (1.0 mg/kg of body weight [approximately 3.0 mg/kg/d]) may not be sufficient to produce "therapeutic" peak serum concentrations, especially in critically ill patients and patients with respiratory infections. A study by Zaske et al 2 demonstrated an average maintenance dose requirement of 4.5 mg/kg/d of gentamicin to obtain peaks of 6.9 μg/mL. Peak gentamicin/ tobramycin concentrations of greater than 4.0 to 5.0 μg/mL achieved early in therapy have
Efficient skyline evaluation over partially ordered domains

Although there has been a considerable body of work on skyline evaluation in multidimensional data with totally ordered attribute domains, there are only a few methods that consider attributes with partially ordered domains. Existing work maps each partially ordered domain to a total order and then adapts algorithms for totally-ordered domains to solve the problem. Nevertheless these methods either use stronger notions of dominance, which generate false positives, or require expensive dominance checks. In this paper, we propose two new methods, which do not have these drawbacks. The first method uses an appropriate mapping of a partial order to a total order, inspired by the lattice theorem and an off-the-shelf skyline algorithm. The second technique uses an appropriate storage and indexing approach, inspired by column stores, which enables efficient verification of whether a pair of objects are incompatible. We demonstrate that both our methods are up to an order of magnitude more efficient than previous work and scale well with different problem parameters, such as complexity of partial orders.
An 80 GHz Wide Tuning Range Push-Push VCO With ${\rm g} _{\rm m}$-Boosted Full-Wave Rectification Technique in 90 nm CMOS

In this letter, an 80 GHz push-push VCO with a gm-boosted full-wave rectification pair for W-band (75 to 110 GHz) applications is presented. Incorporating a gm-boosted push-push pair as a full-wave rectifier not only increases second-harmonic swing but also operates at low power consumption. Besides, the distributed LC-tank structure helps to further split the parasitic capacitances of buffers and then the push-push pair can extend the frequency tuning range effectively. The push-push VCO is implemented in 90 nm CMOS technology , and it achieves a tuning range of 3.4% and phase noise of -104.2 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset. The core area is 0.3 × 0.21 mm2, and the power consumption is 2.66 mW from a 1.4 V supply voltage excluding buffers.