Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Affine Q-schur Algebra

We introduce an analogue of the q-Schur algebra associated to Coxeter systems of type b A n? 1. We give two constructions of this algebra. The rst construction realizes the algebra as a certain endomorphism algebra arising from an aane Hecke algebra of type b A r? 1 , where n r. This generalizes the original q-Schur algebra as deened by Dipper and James, and the new algebra contains the ordinary q-Schur algebra and the aane Hecke algebra as subalgebras. Using this approach we can prove a double centralizer property. The second construction realizes the aane q-Schur algebra as the faithful quotient of the action of a quantum group on the ten-sor power of a certain module, analogous to the construction of the ordinary q-Schur algebra as a quotient of U(gl n).
Os partidos dentro e fora do poder: a judicialização como resultado contingente da estratégia política

The article analyzes the judicialization patterns in politics during the two terms of President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) and compare them to the subsequent period of slightly less than a term and a half under President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva (2003-2008). The purpose of the comparison was to observe whether appeals were issued to the Supreme Court challenging Federal acts on grounds of unconstitutionality. Both differences were observed and some common uses of judicialization when comparing the two Presidential Administrations.
Approximations and Refinements of Certain Answers via Many-Valued Logics

Computing certain answers is the preferred way of answering queries in scenarios involving incomplete data. This, however, is computationally expensive, so practical systems use efficient techniques based on a particular three-valued logic, even though this often leads to incorrect results. Our goal is to provide a general many-valued framework for correctly approximating certain answers. We do so by defining the semantics of many-valued answers and queries, following the principle that additional knowledge about the input must translate into additional knowledge about the output. This framework lets us compare query outputs and evaluation procedures in terms of their informativeness. For each many-valued logic with a knowledge ordering on its truth values, one can build a syntactic evaluation procedure for all first-order queries, that correctly approximates certain answers; additional truth values are used to refine information about certain answers. For concrete examples, we show that a recently proposed approach fixing some of the inconsistencies of SQL query evaluation is an immediate consequence of our framework, and we further refine it by adding a fourth truth value. We show that no evaluation procedure based on Boolean logic delivers correctness guarantees. Finally, we study the relative power of evaluation procedures based on the informativeness of the answers they produce.
Trust and community building in the Doñana (Spain) toxic spill disaster

Appeals to public participation and, more generally, to a wider involvement of civic networks in the management of environmental conflicts are becoming more common after the difficulties that both the Market and the State appear to have in regulating these conflicts. The concern of this paper is with how central elements in civic society, such as interpersonal trust and community-building mechanisms, are influenced by environmental catastrophes. The case of the toxic spill disaster in Doñana, Spain, is presented in order to examine whether this accident had any effect on interpersonal trust and the mobilization of civic networks in the area. From the analysis, it can be concluded that involvement of civic networks in the management of these situations depends on the magnitude (real or perceived) of the disaster but also on the performance of public institutions regarding the event.
The Chadian Party System: Rhetoric and Reality

In Chad a pluralist system of political parties rather than factions has been over a decade in gestation. After an examination of the background to Chad's democratic transition, the rules governing party formation are considered and the relative implantation of the five main parties assessed. The performance of the parties in the two sets of elections held since President Idriss Deby came to power in 1990 is outlined and evaluated. A final analysis considers five potential functions that Chadian parties might perform to contribute to democratic consolidation: representation, conflict resolution, making government accountable, institutionalizing democracy and regime legitimization. It concludes that Chadian parties remain personalist, regional and ideologically shallow. Many parties retain factional tendencies and the return to a politico-military posture remains an option.
The language of blind children: normal or abnormal?

The language of blind children has been the object of an increasing amount of research, particularly in recent years. This research has however led to quite different claims about the presence of differences between blind and sighted children and the effect of such possible differences on their language development. It is claimed, on the one hand, that blind children’s language is not deficient in any way, but, on the other, that their language development is at risk. Such claims are obviously relevant to any description of the role of vision in language acquisition but also have repercussions for compensatory programmes for blind children. By examining data from different areas of language acquisition, such as phonology, lexicon, reference and input, from the author’s own and others’
Sphingomyelin-enriched microdomains define the efficiency of native Ca2+-triggered membrane fusion

Membrane microdomains or `rafts' are suggested to act as regulators of the exocytotic process and also appear to be the sites of Ca2+-triggered membrane fusion. Microdomains are postulated to maintain the localization of `efficiency' factors, including Ca2+ sensors and other protein and lipid components. Separation of the fundamental ability to fuse from the efficiency of the process has suggested dependence of efficiency factors on microdomain organization. Cholesterol, a key component of membrane microdomains, contributes to both the efficiency and the fundamental ability to fuse. However, testing for a selective effect of native microdomains on the efficiency of fusion, without affecting membrane cholesterol density, has not been assessed. Hydrolysis of sphingomyelin disrupts native raft domains on secretory vesicles. Disruption of microdomains enriched in sphingomyelin-cholesterol by treatment with sphingomyelinase selectively and dose dependently inhibited the Ca2+ sensitivity and late kinetics of secretory vesicle fusion. As a native microdomain constituent, sphingomyelin is associated with Ca2+ sensing through its interaction with other raft-bound lipid and/or protein factors, thereby supporting the physiological Ca2+ sensitivity of membrane fusion. Furthermore, the sphingomyelinase-driven generation of ceramide, contributing to the total membrane negative curvature, preserves the ability to fuse despite extensive cholesterol removal. Membrane microdomain integrity thus underlies the efficiency of fusion but not the fundamental ability of native vesicles to undergo Ca2+-triggered membrane merger. The results are consistent with a fundamental fusion machine of intrinsically low Ca2+ sensitivity that, supported by accessory `efficiency' components, facilitates Ca2+-triggered bilayer merger under physiological conditions.
Protective Effect of CXCR3+CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress excessive immune responses and are potential therapeutic targets in autoimmune disease and organ transplantation rejection. However, their role in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is unclear. Levels of Tregs and expression of CXCR3 in Tregs were analyzed to investigate their function in the early phase of renal IRI. Mice were randomly divided into Sham, IRI, and anti-CD25 (PC61) + IRI groups. The PC61 + IRI group was established by i.p. injection of PC61 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to deplete Tregs before renal ischemia. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and CXCR3 on Tregs were analyzed by flow cytometry. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr) levels, and tubular necrosis scores, all measures of kidney injury, were greater in the IRI group than in the Sham group. Numbers of Tregs were increased at 72 h after reperfusion in kidney. PC61 mAb preconditioning decreased the numbers of Tregs and aggravated kidney injury. There was no expression of CXCR3 on Tregs in normal kidney, while it expanded at 72 h after reperfusion and inversely correlated with BUN, Scr, and kidney histology score. This indicated that recruitment of Tregs into the kidney was related to the recovery of renal function after IRI and CXCR3 might be involved in the migration of Tregs.
Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: Review of the Genetic and Protein–Protein Interactions Resulting in Disease Pathogenesis

Mutations in the genes KRIT1, CCM2, and PDCD10 are known to result in the formation of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). CCMs are intracranial lesions composed of aberrantly enlarged “cavernous” endothelial channels that can result in cerebral hemorrhage, seizures, and neurologic deficits. Although these genes have been known to be associated with CCMs since the 1990s, numerous discoveries have been made that better elucidate how they and their subsequent protein products are involved in CCM pathogenesis. Since our last review of the molecular genetics of CCM pathogenesis in 2012, breakthroughs include a more thorough understanding of the protein structures of the gene products, involvement with integrin proteins, and MEKK3 signaling pathways, and the importance of CCM2–PDCD10 interactions. In this review, we highlight the advances that further our understanding of the “gene to protein to disease” relationships of CCMs.
A novalized VLSI design and implementation of EEG signal acquisition system

In current brain computer interfacing (BCI) system is used for many applications. This technology also used for capturing brain signals in the form of EEG. This technique have intensive applications in non-invasive technique of signal capturing, Due to its temporal resolution, low set-up cost, easy portability compared to all other techniques. In the EEG technique, as we are dealing with very low frequency signals, these signals have plagued with various noise and interferences, so there is an urge for designing and implementing an accurate and stabilized system for acquiring these low frequency signals. This paper is aiming for VLSI design and testing of EEG acquisition system to acquire brain signals. Initially the low power and high gain generalized operational amplifier is designed. Later a suitable filter is designed to eliminate the noise signals produced in low frequency operations, in order to capture EEG signals. The generalized amplifier design of this system consists of differential amplifier followed with voltage follower circuit. The above circuit is designed using the Cadence tool which facilitates the capturing of transient response and generation of virtual layouts. Each and every blocks of the system is designed and tested individually, for each blocks virtual layouts are generated. And the transient response of the system which contains EEG signals with different voltage levels and frequencies are captured.
Fostering Faithful Engagement With Postmodernity: Practical Suggestions for Christian College Faculty and Administrators

Abstract How can evangelical Christian colleges prepare their students to lead lives of Christian faith in a postmodern world characterized by cultural heterogeneity? Fallibilist Christian spirituality is presented as an orientation that empowers students to be receptive to the insights of diverse perspectives while maintaining their personal faith commitments. Drawing on the author’s previous empirical research on fallibilist Christian spirituality and its institutional predictors, this article provides practical suggestions regarding how faculty and administrators at Christian colleges can create learning environments in which students both grow in their commitment to Christian faith and become more engaged with the pluralism of postmodernity.
Another Look at the Role of Age, Gender and Subject as Predictors of Academic Attainment in Higher Education

This study investigated predictors of attainment in students awarded first degrees by institutions of higher education in the UK in 1995-96. Those aged under 21 or between 26 and 50 at graduation were more likely to obtain good degrees (with first-class honours or upper second-class honours), but the pattern of age-related variation was different across different subjects of study. Overall, women were more likely to obtain good degrees than men, but this trend did not occur at all ages or in all subjects. There was also a considerable variation in the proportion of good degrees in different subjects. The contingent nature of these phenomena suggests that they result from variations in teaching and assessment practices as well as from characteristics of the students themselves.
Discourse Priming of Homophones in Individuals With Dominant Nonthalamic Subcortical Lesions, Cortical Lesions and Parkinsons Disease

An on-line priming experiment was used to investigate discourse-level processing in four matched groups of subjects: individuals with nonthalamic subcortical lesions (NSL) (n =10), normal control subjects (n =10), subjects with Parkinsons disease (PD) (n =10), and subjects with cortical lesions (n =10). Subjects listened to paragraphs that ended in lexical ambiguities, and then made speeded lexical decisions on visual letter strings that were: nonwords, matched control words, contextually appropriate associates of the lexical ambiguity, contextually inappropriate associates of the ambiguity, and inferences (representing information which could be drawn from the paragraphs but was not explicitly stated). Targets were presented at an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 0 or 1000ms. NSL and PD subjects demonstrated priming for appropriate and inappropriate associates at the short ISI, similar to control subjects and cortical lesion subjects, but were unable to demonstrate selective priming of the appropriate associate and inference words at the long ISI. These results imply intact automatic lexical processing and a breakdown in discourse-based meaning selection and inference development via attentional/strategic mechanisms.
NOUN-VERB STRESS ALTERNATION: AN EXAMPLE OF THE LEXICAL DIFFUSION OF SOUND CHANCE IN ENGLISH

1530 noun; 1542 verb). D n ± _ v ^ B 1700, D 1735, J 1755 . W 1791. accent (1530 verb; 1581 noun). P n L _ V ± _ L 1570, M 1617, B 1735. D n -<-v-·^B 1634, P 1665, B 1700, D 1735, J 1755 . W 1791. (if the evidence is accurate, this is an early and unusual case of a diatone being established on a previous paroxytone pair). addict (1560 verb; 1909 noun). address (ME verb; 1600 noun). Ο n--^v-^-B 1700, Β 1736, J 1755 . W 1791. affix (1533 verb; 1612 noun). Ο n-^-v-^J 1755, F 1763, U 1763, B 1774. D n^-v -^A 1775, S 1780, N 1784, W 1791. (This is very nearly a perfect sequence: [1] deverbal noun; [2] oxytonic pair up to 1775; [3] diatone after 1775). affect (ME noun; 1483 verb). Ο n-J-y-2L 1570, S 1780, W 1791. (Affect is still oxytonic in British English). alloy (1600 noun; 1661 verb).
Where Has Housing Policy Debate Been?

Consider not only the volume of articles onhousing in these journals but also the range of topics in and the resulting scholarlyfootprint of these journals individually and collectively. The ﬁve housing journalspublished by Routledge (the publisher of Housing Policy Debate [HPD]) have acombined total of about 100 years of publication and, as of the beginning of 2015, havepublished a total of about 5,500 articles, or 25,000,000 words.
DRAFT Techniques for Eliminating Packet Loss in Congested TCP /

The congestion control mechanisms used in tcp have been the focus of numerous studies and have undergone a number of enhancements. However, even with these enhancements, tcp connections still experience alarmingly high loss rates, especially during times of congestion. To alleviate this problem, the ietf is considering active queue management mechanisms, such as red, for deployment in the network. In this paper, we rst show that even with red, loss rates can only be reduced marginally in times of congestion. We then show that the solution to this problem lies in understanding the traac generated by an aggregation of a large number of sources. Given this, we then propose and experiment with more adaptive active queue management algorithms and more intelligent end-host mechanisms which can signiicantly reduce loss rates across congested links. When used together, these mechanisms can eeectively eliminate packet loss while maintaining high link utilizations under the most diicult scenarios.
Phylosymbiosis: Relationships and Functional Effects of Microbial Communities across Host Evolutionary History

Phylosymbiosis was recently proposed to describe the eco-evolutionary pattern, whereby the ecological relatedness of host-associated microbial communities parallels the phylogeny of related host species. Here, we test the prevalence of phylosymbiosis and its functional significance under highly controlled conditions by characterizing the microbiota of 24 animal species from four different groups (Peromyscus deer mice, Drosophila flies, mosquitoes, and Nasonia wasps), and we reevaluate the phylosymbiotic relationships of seven species of wild hominids. We demonstrate three key findings. First, intraspecific microbiota variation is consistently less than interspecific microbiota variation, and microbiota-based models predict host species origin with high accuracy across the dataset. Interestingly, the age of host clade divergence positively associates with the degree of microbial community distinguishability between species within the host clades, spanning recent host speciation events (~1 million y ago) to more distantly related host genera (~108 million y ago). Second, topological congruence analyses of each group's complete phylogeny and microbiota dendrogram reveal significant degrees of phylosymbiosis, irrespective of host clade age or taxonomy. Third, consistent with selection on host–microbiota interactions driving phylosymbiosis, there are survival and performance reductions when interspecific microbiota transplants are conducted between closely related and divergent host species pairs. Overall, these findings indicate that the composition and functional effects of an animal's microbial community can be closely allied with host evolution, even across wide-ranging timescales and diverse animal systems reared under controlled conditions.
Data Caching with Intelligent Prefetching in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

In this paper we proposed a data caching scheme which is made capable of intelligent prefetching for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). With prefetching as a integrated part of data caching, will try to sense the future needs of mobile nodes (MNs). Once it is established regarding the requirement of a particular data item, data is fetched and kept in the cache before it is required. This will reduce the query latency & improve the data availability. Our scheme is motivated by the observation that data items queried during a period of time are related to each other. Association rules are used to anticipate the data items that are most likely to be accessed in near future. Experiments are used to evaluate the performance of proposed scheme. Compared to GCC, Proposed GCC with prefetching scheme can greatly improve the system performance in terms of average query latency and mean query generate time.
Purported Characteristics of Adult Children of Alcoholics: A Possible "Barnum Effect"

Purported personality characteristics of adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) have gained wide currency despite the lack of empirical evidence of their validity. This popularity may be due in part to Barnum-like qualities (i.e., vague, double-headed, high base rates) of the suggested characteristics. Two hundred and twenty-four subjects (ACOAs and non-ACOAs) rated bogus personality profiles (Barnum or ACOA content) on how accurately they described Self, People in General, and Children of Alcoholics. Both ACOAs and non-ACOAs found all profiles, regardless of content, to be highly descriptive of Self, more so than of People in General or Children of Alcoholics. This suggests that the Barnum effect may be a plausible explanation for the widespread acceptance of personality descriptions of ACOAs; therefore, these descriptions lack the specificity required to serve diagnostic and treatment purposes. There is a large and growing body of popular and clinical literature concerning the effects of parental alcoholism on children and the characteristics those children possess. A recent bibliography (Ackerman, 1987) describes clinical and empirical writings, citing over 700 references to works about adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs) written since 1960. A general consensus among the authors of popular books about ACOAs is that parental alcoholism or alcohol abuse creates a chaotic family environment that has lasting negative effects on children. These effects may include hyperactivity; eating disorders; affective and anxiety disorders; substance abuse; feelings of guilt, shame, insecurity, low self-esteem, and powerlessness; and difficulty dealing with emotions and intimate interpersonal relationships (Black, 1982; Cermak, 1988; Seixas & Youcha, 1985; Woititz, 1983,1985) and are said to be common characteristics of ACOAs. However, to date, these effects are not unequivocally supported by the empirical literature concerning ACOAs (Sher, 1991). Despite this lack of empirical support for the purported
CHANGING FACE OF MEDICARE’S NATIONAL COVERAGE DETERMINATIONS FOR TECHNOLOGY

Objectives: The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issues National Coverage Determinations (NCDs) for medical interventions expected to have a significant impact on Medicare, the health insurance program for US citizens aged 65 years and older and certain people with disabilities under the age of 65 years. The objective of this study was to evaluate NCDs issued from 1999 to 2013 to identify key trends, and to discuss implications for future CMS policy. Methods: We used the Tufts Medical Center Medicare National Coverage Determination Database to examine characteristics of NCDs from 1999 through 2013. We examined various characteristics of NCDs, including: whether the intervention under review is used for prevention or treatment of disease, the type of intervention considered, evidence limitations cited by CMS, and coverage determination outcome. We evaluated longitudinal trends in categorical and continuous variables in the database, using Cochran-Armitage trend tests and linear regression, respectively. Results: We found that NCDs increasingly focus on preventive care (p = 0.072), pertain to diagnostic imaging (p = 0.033), and evaluate health education/behavioral therapy interventions (p = 0.051). CMS increasingly cites the lack of relevant outcomes (p = 0.019) and the lack of applicability of study results to the Medicare population (p < 0.001) as evidence limitations. CMS less often restricts coverage to certain population subgroups in NCDs (p < 0.001), but increasingly applies coverage with evidence development policies (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Identified trends reflect broader changes in Medicare as CMS shifts its focus from treatment to prevention of disease, addresses potentially overutilized technologies, and attempts to issue flexible coverage policies.