Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pseudosuccinea columella: age resistance to Calicophoron daubneyi infection in two snail populations

Individual infections of Egyptian and French Pseudosuccinea columella with five miracidia of Calicophoron daubneyi were carried out to determine whether this lymnaeid was capable of sustaining larval development of this parasite. On day 42 post-exposure (at 23 °C), infected snails were only noted in groups of individuals measuring 1 or 2 mm in height at miracidial exposure. Snail survival in the 2-mm groups was significantly higher than that noted in the 1-mm snails, whatever the geographic origin of snail population. In contrast, prevalence of C. daubneyi infection was significantly greater in the 1-mm groups (15–20% versus 3.4–4.0% in the 2-mm snails). Low values were noted for the mean shell growth of infected snails at their death (3.1–4.0 mm) and the mean number of cercariae (<9 in the 1-mm groups, <19 in the 2-mm snails). No significant differences between snail populations and snails groups were noted for these last two parameters. Most infected snails died after a single cercarial shedding wave. Both populations of P. columella showed an age resistance to C. daubneyi infection and only juveniles measuring 2 mm or less in shell height at exposure can ensure larval development of this digenean up to cercarial shedding.
Exact Analysis of PCC-OFDM Subjected to Carrier Frequency Offset over Nakagami-m Fading Channel

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is sensitive to frequency synchronization errors which results in degradation of system performance. Polynomial cancelation coding (PCC) OFDM is introduced to reduce OFDM sensitivity to carrier frequency offset. In this paper, PCC-OFDM performance modeling is considered. An exact closed form expression for symbol error rate (SER) is evaluated for PCC-OFDM subjected to carrier frequency offset. The performance is evaluated over Nakagami-m fading channel. PCC-OFDM improvement as compared to conventional OFDM is emphasized. It is shown that PCC-OFDM outperforms conventional OFDM by about 4 dB in the QPSK modulation at error rate of 10-2 over fading channels with a normalized carrier frequency offset of 0.1.
Modular Control for Machine Tools: Cross-Coupling Control With Friction Compensation

In this paper, we consider the combination of two different types of auxiliary control modules applied to a two-axis machining system. It is known that a cross-coupling control algorithm can reduce the contour error of a two-axis system, and that friction compensation can reduce positioning errors in machining systems. Here, we address the question of how the overall performance of the system is affected when both types of control are applied at the same time. Preliminary results indicate that the performance improvement is multiplicative. That is, if the error is reduced by a factor of Pcc for cross-coupling control, by a factor of Pfc for friction compensation, and by a factor of Pcc,fc when both are applied simultaneously, then Pcc,fc ≈ Pcc · Pfc. Simulation and experimental results are presented.
Cognitive Control in Children with ADHD-C: How efficient are they?

The literature on children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, combined type (ADHD-C), is currently inconclusive as to the nature of deficits in two forms of cognitive control — interference control and response selection (Nigg, 2006). This paper examined the performance of children with ADHD-C on interference control and response selection conflict tasks that required both speed and accuracy. The data was analyzed utilizing a new efficiency method to more effectively analyze overall responses. Both interference control and response selection conditions were combined within tasks allowing for a closer comparison of how children with ADHD-C perform on these specific types of cognitive control. Computerized tasks were administered to 62 boys, ages 7 to 12 (31 controls, 31 ADHD-C). Results revealed deficits in efficient performance for children with ADHD-C on interference control tasks and response selection tasks hypothesized to involve high cognitive control demand. These results highlight the utility of analyzing efficiency data to identify deficits in performance for children with ADHD-C and to foster an increased understanding of cognitive control functioning in this clinical population.
Statistical Analysis towards Image Recognition

In this paper we propose a new Handwritten Signature Authentication Scheme. The scheme consists of two main Rule Set Algorithms and one Authentication Algorithm. The Algorithms are based on extensive statistical analysis, Mean Variance and Theory of Estimation. This is an extension work of Handwritten Signature Identification. This scheme supports the application environment and we strongly believe that “User Authentication” could be a solid platform for future research and study.
Bistatic scattering analysis for two-dimensional rough sea surfaces using an angular composite model

An angular composite model (ACM) is applied to analyse the bistatic scattering from two-dimensional sea surfaces. When the local scattered angle lies in the specular region, Kirchhoff approximation (KA) is used to evaluate the specular reflection, which predominates the total scattering in this region; the small perturbation method (SPM) is employed to deal with the diffuse reflection dominated by small roughness, as the local scattered angle is situated out of the specular region. This avoids dwelling on the tough question about how to choose the proper cut-off wave number like in the well-known two-scale model (TSM). Numerical illustrations are carried out for bistatic scattering coefficients versus wind speed, incident angle, incident frequency and polarization state, respectively. The comparison of numerical results of the ACM and other experimental and theoretical models in several configurations shows that the ACM is robust to give accurate numerical evaluations for bistatic scattering of rough sea surfaces.
Vertical restraints of multinational consulting firms in China

In the past twenty years, vertical restraints have been widely adopted by many multinational firms in the manufacturing sector. Vertical restraints help firms gain more control and reduce transaction costs. However, vertical restraints have not attracted much attention in the consulting service industry. This paper firstly investigates the vertical restraints of multinational consulting firms in China. The paper explores why vertical restraints exist and how they work in the Chinese consulting market. Then the paper analyzes the effects of vertical restraints employed by multinationals. This paper ends by presenting the suggestion for the further development of Chinese consulting market.
Ovarian Cancer Incidence Corrected for Oophorectomy

Current reported incidence rates for ovarian cancer may significantly underestimate the true rate because of the inclusion of women in the calculations who are not at risk for ovarian cancer due to prior benign salpingo-oophorectomy (SO). We have considered prior SO to more realistically estimate risk for ovarian cancer. Kentucky Health Claims Data, International Classification of Disease 9 (ICD-9) codes, Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes, and Kentucky Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Data were used to identify women who have undergone SO in Kentucky, and these women were removed from the at-risk pool in order to re-assess incidence rates to more accurately represent ovarian cancer risk. The protective effect of SO on the population was determined on an annual basis for ages 5–80+ using data from the years 2009–2013. The corrected age-adjusted rates of ovarian cancer that considered SO ranged from 33% to 67% higher than age-adjusted rates from the standard population. Correction of incidence rates for ovarian cancer by accounting for women with prior SO gives a better understanding of risk for this disease faced by women. The rates of ovarian cancer were substantially higher when SO was taken into consideration than estimates from the standard population.
Combinations of Ashwagandha Leaf Extracts Protect Brain-Derived Cells against Oxidative Stress and Induce Differentiation

Background Ashwagandha, a traditional Indian herb, has been known for its variety of therapeutic activities. We earlier demonstrated anticancer activities in the alcoholic and water extracts of the leaves that were mediated by activation of tumor suppressor functions and oxidative stress in cancer cells. Low doses of these extracts were shown to possess neuroprotective activities in vitro and in vivo assays. Methodology/Principal Findings We used cultured glioblastoma and neuroblastoma cells to examine the effect of extracts (alcoholic and water) as well as their bioactive components for neuroprotective activities against oxidative stress. Various biochemical and imaging assays on the marker proteins of glial and neuronal cells were performed along with their survival profiles in control, stressed and recovered conditions. We found that the extracts and one of the purified components, withanone, when used at a low dose, protected the glial and neuronal cells from oxidative as well as glutamate insult, and induced their differentiation per se. Furthermore, the combinations of extracts and active component were highly potent endorsing the therapeutic merit of the combinational approach. Conclusion Ashwagandha leaf derived bioactive compounds have neuroprotective potential and may serve as supplement for brain health.
Concurrency control for perceivedly instantaneous transactions in valid-time databases

Although temporal databases have received considerable attention as a topic for research, little work in the area has paid attention to the concurrency control mechanisms that might be employed in temporal databases. This paper describes how the notion of the current time-also called 'now'-in valid-time databases can cause standard serialisation theory to give what are at least unintuitive results, if not actually incorrect results. The paper then describes two modifications to standard serialisation theory which correct the behaviour to give what we term perceivably instantaneous transactions: transactions where serialising T/sub 1/ and T/sub 2/ as [T/sub 1/, T/sub 2/] always implies that the current time seen by T/sub 1/ is less than or equal to the current time seen by T/sub 2/.
Characterization of Temperature-Dependent Refractive Indices for Nematic Liquid Crystal Employing a Microfiber-Assisted Mach–Zehnder Interferometer

The temperature dependence of refractive indices for nematic liquid crystal (NLC) is characterized in the near-infrared region by employing an all-fiber ultrasensitive microfiber-assisted Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MAMZI). Owing to the unique thermal-optic properties of NLC, the proposed MZI shows inverse temperature sensitivities of –7.311 and 77 nm/K right above and below the clearing temperature of liquid crystal E7, respectively. Furthermore, the temperature dependences of ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices could be acquired by performing curve fitting on the experimentally measured interference dip wavelength as functions of environmental temperature based on the four-parameter model derived from Vuks equation.
Modeling a Fibula Transplant in Mandibular Reconstructions: Evaluation of the Effects of a Minimal Number of Osteotomies on the Contour of the Jaw

&NA; The fibula osteocutaneous free flap has become the preferred method for most cases of mandibular reconstruction after oncologic surgical ablation. To recreate the parabolic form of the mandible, the fibula has to be divided up into segments using a closed wedge osteotomy technique. The number of osteotomies is preferably kept to a minimum so that segmental periosteal circulation is not compromised and also to keep operating time to a minimum. The limited number of osteotomies creates an angular contour. The aim of this study was to establish the degree to which overcorrection or undercorrection would occur when a subtotal reconstruction from ramus to ramus was simulated using five bony segments and four osteotomies. The study was carried out using 30 preserved jaws; the contour lines of the jaws were transferred onto tracing paper using a cardboard template. The contour of the mandible was divided into five sections (ramus, body, symphysis, body, and ramus). Because of the cutting off of the curvature in the original jaw outline, the lateral side of the body will become narrower and the chin broader. This also results in an underprojection (displacement) of the chin. To follow the original contour of the jaw as accurately as possible, all these anomalies must be minimized. The amount of under‐ and overprojection is calculated for a displacement of 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 mm of the chin. The most accurate reconstruction of the mandibular contour is achieved with a displacement of 1.5 or 2.5 mm. To preserve sufficient periosteal circulation, the minimum width of bone segments must be 15 mm or more. This concerns especially the symphysis section. On the basis of a fibula thickness of 14 mm, the internal bone width of the symphysis section is calculated. With a displacement of 1.5 mm, the average internal width of the bone segment is 14.8 mm, with a range of 9.9 to 23.0 mm (95 percent confidence interval, 12.8 to 16.7 mm). Therefore, a displacement of 2.5 mm with an internal bone width of 16.4 mm is preferred (range, 11.9 to 24.8 mm; 95 percent confidence interval, 15.5 to 18.2 mm). The loss of lateral projection is minimal (5.8 mm) and the resulting chin width is acceptable (average, 35.0 mm). In conclusion, we propose that in a subtotal procedure, an acceptable jaw reconstruction can be achieved with a limited number of osteotomies. The bone length of the symphysis section remains within safe limits. If the defect is of limited dimensions, then the resulting jaw contour is even more accurate. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 108: 1915, 2001.)
Energy efficiency in data stream mining

Data mining algorithms are usually designed to optimize a trade-off between predictive accuracy and computational efficiency. This paper introduces energy consumption and energy efficiency as important factors to consider during data mining algorithm analysis and evaluation. We extended the CRISP (Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining) framework to include energy consumption analysis. Based on this framework, we conducted an experiment to illustrate how energy consumption and accuracy are affected when varying the parameters of the Very Fast Decision Tree (VFDT) algorithm. The results indicate that energy consumption can be reduced by up to 92.5% (557 J) while maintaining accuracy.
Spastic Paraplegia Mutation N256S in the Neuronal Microtubule Motor KIF5A Disrupts Axonal Transport in a Drosophila HSP Model

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) comprise a group of genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders characterized by spastic weakness of the lower extremities. We have generated a Drosophila model for HSP type 10 (SPG10), caused by mutations in KIF5A. KIF5A encodes the heavy chain of kinesin-1, a neuronal microtubule motor. Our results imply that SPG10 is not caused by haploinsufficiency but by the loss of endogenous kinesin-1 function due to a selective dominant-negative action of mutant KIF5A on kinesin-1 complexes. We have not found any evidence for an additional, more generalized toxicity of mutant Kinesin heavy chain (Khc) or the affected kinesin-1 complexes. Ectopic expression of Drosophila Khc carrying a human SPG10-associated mutation (N256S) is sufficient to disturb axonal transport and to induce motoneuron disease in Drosophila. Neurofilaments, which have been recently implicated in SPG10 disease manifestation, are absent in arthropods. Impairments in the transport of kinesin-1 cargos different from neurofilaments are thus sufficient to cause HSP–like pathological changes such as axonal swellings, altered structure and function of synapses, behavioral deficits, and increased mortality.
Intuitionistic Modal Logics as Fragments of Classical Bimodal Logics

Godel's translation of intuitionistic formulas into modal ones provides the well-known embedding of intermediate logics into extensions of Lewis' system S4, which re ects and sometimes preserves such properties as decidability, Kripke completeness, the nite model property. In this paper we establish a similar relationship between intuitionistic modal logics and classical bimodal logics. We also obtain some general results on the nite model property of intuitionistic modal logics rst by proving them for bimodal logics and then using the preservation theorem. The aim of this paper is to show how well known results and technique developed in the eld of intermediate and classical (monoand poly-) modal logics can be used for studying various intuitionistic modal systems. The current state of knowledge in intuitionistic modal logic resembles (to some extent) that in classical modal logic about a quarter of a century ago, when the discipline was just an extensive collection of individual systems and the best method of proving decidability was the art of ltration. The reason why intuitionistic modal logic lags far behind its classical counterpart is quite apparent. Intuitionistic modal logics are much more closely related to classical bimodal logics than to usual monomodal ones, and only few recent years have brought fairly general results in polymodal logic (e.g. [9], [13], [20]). This explains also the strange fact that the embedding of intuitionistic modal logics into classical bimodal ones (via the evident generalization of G odel's translation The work of the second authorwas supportedby the Alexandervon Humboldt Foundation.
Some methodological issues in biosurveillance

This paper briefly summarizes a short course I gave at the 12th Biennial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Symposium held in Decatur, Georgia on April 6, 2009. The goal of this short course was to discuss various methodological issues of biosurveillance detection algorithms, with a focus on the issues related to developing, evaluating, and implementing such algorithms. The PowerPoint slides from the complete talk can be accessed at http://faculty.nps. edu/rdfricke/Biosurveillance.htm. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Theoretical Analysis of the Conditions for Unambiguous Node Localization in Sensor Networks

In this paper we provide a theoretical foundation for the problem of network localization in which some nodes know their locations and other nodes determine their locations by measuring distances or bearings to their neighbors. Distance information is the separation between two nodes connected by a sensing/communication link. Bearing is the angle between a sensing/communication link and the x-axis of a node’s local coordinate system. We construct grounded graphs to model network localization and apply graph rigidity theory and parallel drawings to test the conditions for unique localizability and to construct uniquely localizable networks. We further investigate partially localizable networks.
Short gamma-ray bursts from binary neutron star mergers

We present the results from new relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of binary neutron star mergers using realistic non‐zero temperature equations of state. We vary several unknown parameters in the system such as the neutron star (NS) masses, their spins and the nuclear equation of state. The results are then investigated with special focus on the post‐merger torus‐remnant system. Observational implications on the Gamma‐ray burst (GRB) energetics are discussed and compared with recent observations.
Nutrients, algal biomass and communities in land-fast ice and seawater off Adélie Land (Antarctica)

Land-fast ice in the vicinity of Adélie Land was sampled during spring 1995. The ice was annual, thin, with no consistent snow cover, and exposed to oceanic conditions. Temporal and spatial variations of the vertical pigment distribution were studied in relation to environmental factors, during the break up of the ice. Different levels were sampled in the congelation ice and the platelet ice-like layer (PLI). Under-ice water and open water masses were also sampled. The algal biomass was greater in the PLI (24 ±14 μg chl a l−1 offshore and up to 9 mg chl a l−1 near-shore), than in the under-ice water, and fell to 0.9 ± 0.64 μg chl al−1 in open water masses. Homogenous low pigment concentrations were detected in the upper levels of congelation ice. A gradient was identified along a 7 km seaward transect, sampled in November, with the lowest biomass offshore. The integrated pigment concentrations in fast ice reached very high levels 500 mg chl a m−2 near the coast and 0.8 mg m−2 offshore), with apparently no relationship with either the ice thickness or snow cover. In the congelation ice nutrient concentrations were low and their distribution homogenous, whereas in the PLI high concentrations of nitrate (up to 100–300 μM NO3) and silicic acid [30–100 μM Si(OH)4] were detected, often related to high pigment concentrations and proximity to islands. The sea ice algae communities were diverse, but mostly composed of chain-forming and tube-dwelling pennate diatoms (Amphiprora, Berkeleya, Nitzschia and Navicula). Cell densities in PLI reached up to 1010 cells l−1. At very low biomass and cell densities 2 104 cells l−1) the phytoplankton also had a low diversity; some species were similar to those of the PLI, such as Navicula glaciei, but other were typically planktonic (Chaetoceros). At sea ice break-up it is estimated that a significant proportion of particulate matter (up to 0.5 g chl a m−2 near-shore) was transferred to the underlying water masses (on an average 15 t POC km−1 shoreline).
Provenance of Brent Group sandstones: heavy mineral constraints

Abstract Heavy mineral suites in Brent Group sandstones have been heavily influenced by hydraulic and diagenetic processes in addition to provenance. Geochemical studies of detrital garnet assemblages have shown a great complexity in provenance that argues against a dominant sediment supply northward from an uplifted central North Sea dome. Much of the sediment was fed laterally, particularly in the Broom and Oseberg Formations. The Rannoch, Etive and Tarbert sequences are dominated by similar suites to those in the Oseberg Formation, implying that most of the shoreface and barrier sands were transported longshore from the east. Ness mineralogy is extremely complex. It has a broadly southerly source (possibilities including the southern Shetland Platform and Horda Platform). Close to the western margin of the basin there are strong northern Shetland Platform influences. The lateral and stratigraphic variation in Ness assemblages argues for deposition by several small-scale river systems rather than one single major river. The strong mineralogical variations provide a basis for reservoir subdivision in most of the studied fields, enable the identification of Ness channels that occur at the Etive level, and identify deposits within the Ness sequence that were derived from the barrier sequence into the Ness lagoonal sequence.