Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adverse Effect of Blue Light on DNA Integrity Is Accelerated by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid in HaCaT Human Keratinocyte Cells and B16F1 Murine Melanoma Cells

Simple Summary 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid. Several reports show its beneficial effects, such as antiviral activity against COVID-19, anticancer effects, and a reduction in fatigue. In addition, 5-ALA acts as a precursor to a photosensitizer used for photodynamic therapy; however, 5-ALA may cause DNA damage in mammalian cells. In this study, we evaluated the effect of blue light and 5-ALA on DNA damage using mouse melanoma cells and human keratinocyte cell lines. We performed comet assays to assess DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and single-strand breaks (SSB). Our results demonstrate that genomic DNA of both cancer cells and non-cancer cells was severely damaged by blue light irradiation in the presence of 5-ALA. Abstract Several studies have suggested the potential benefits of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). 5-ALA is a precursor of heme, which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) following photoirradiation. Some reports indicate that blue light induces intracellular ROS production. In the present study, we elucidated the effects of blue light and 5-ALA on DNA integrity in B16F1 murine melanoma and human keratinocyte HaCaT cells using a variety of comet assay techniques. Co-treatment with blue light and 5-ALA significantly decreased cell viability in both cell lines. A neutral comet assay was performed to assess DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation and blue light and 5-ALA caused DSBs. We also performed an alkali comet assay to detect single-strand breaks (SSB) and alkali labile sites (ALS). The results indicated that 5-ALA accelerated blue light-induced SSB formation. In addition, modified comet assays were done using two types of enzymes to evaluate oxidative DNA damages. The results indicated that blue light and 5-ALA generated oxidized purine and pyrimidines in both cell lines. In summary, co-treatment with 5-ALA and photoirradiation may cause unexpected DNA damage in cells and tissues.
Consensus Control for Directed Networks Under Quantized Information Exchange

In this paper, without assuming balanced network topologies, we address the weighted average consensus problem for discrete‐time single‐integrator multi‐agent systems with logarithmic quantized information communication. By incorporating generalized quadratic Lyapunov function with the discrete‐time Bellman–Gronwall inequality, a new upper bound about the quantization precision parameter of the infinite‐level logarithmic quantizer is derived to design quantized protocol, under which agents in strongly connected directed networks can attain weighted average consensus. The obtained new upper bound clearly characterizes the intimate relation between the quantization precision parameter and the directed network topology. The proposed quantized protocol is particularly applicable to digital networks where balanced message passing among agents is not available.
Nash Equilibrium Estimation and Analysis in Joint Peer-to-Peer Electricity and Carbon Emission Auction Market With Microgrid Prosumers

The joint Peer-to-Peer (P2P) electricity market (EM) and carbon emission auction market (CEAM) among prosumer microgrids (MGs) in the distribution network is a promising paradigm to facilitate the participation of distributed energy resources (DERs) and incentivize the decarbonization. In this market, MGs will modify their bidding strategies to be adaptive to other rival MGs’ for profit maximization. Such modification will converge to the Nash Equilibrium Point (NEP), where each MG cannot obtain more profits by modifying its strategy subject to the fixed strategy of other rival MGs. In this paper, the NEP under such a joint market paradigm is investigated, in which MGs will trade electricity in the EM and purchase carbon emission quotas (CEQs) in the CEAM. In addition, MGs must adjust their bidding strategies considering penalties due to deviations between day-ahead (DA) scheduling and real-time (RT) procurement caused by uncertainties of net load, as well as the price fluctuation in the CEAM. The NEP is estimated by a novel Multi-agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (MADDPG) algorithm, and the risk mitigation is achieved by incorporating the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) constraint. The computational performance and effectiveness of risk mitigation of this proposed algorithm, and the obtained NEP in the joint EM and CEAM, are analyzed in the case studies.
Application of LSTM Approach for Predicting the Fission Swelling Behavior within a CERCER Composite Fuel

Irradiation-induced swelling plays a key role in determining fuel performance. Due to their high cost and time demands, experimental research methods are ineffective. Knowledge-based multiscale simulations are also constrained by the loss of trustworthy theoretical underpinnings. This work presents a new trial of integrating knowledge-based finite element analysis (FEA) with a data-driven deep learning framework, to predict the hydrostatic-pressure–temperature dependent fission swelling behavior within a CERCER composite fuel. We employed the long short-term memory (LSTM) deep learning network to mimic the history-dependent behaviors. Training of the LSTM is achieved by processing the sequential order of the inputs to do the forecasting; the input features are fission rate, fission density, temperature, and hydrostatic pressure. We performed the model training based on a leveraged dataset of 8000 combinations of a wide range of input states and state evaluations that were generated by high-fidelity simulations. When replicating the swelling plots, the trained LSTM deep learning model exhibits outstanding prediction effectiveness. For various input variables, the model successfully pinpoints when recrystallization first occurs. The preliminary study for model interpretation suggests providing quantified insights into how those features affect solid and gaseous portions of swelling. The study demonstrates the efficacy of combining data-driven and knowledge-based modeling techniques to assess irradiation-induced fuel performance and enhance future design.
Brain tumor segmentation using a deep Shuffled‐YOLO network

Brain tumor is an anomalous proliferation of cells in the brain that can evolve to malignant and benign tumors. Currently, segmentation of brain tumor is the most important surgical and pharmaceutical procedures. However, manually segmenting brain tumors is hard because it is hard to find erratically shaped tumors with only one modality; the MRI modalities are integrated to provide multi‐modal images with data that can be utilized to segment tumors. The recent developments in machine learning and the accessibility of medical diagnostic imaging have made it possible to tackle the challenges of segmenting brain tumors with deep neural networks. In this work, a novel Shuffled‐YOLO network has been proposed for segmenting brain tumors from multimodal MRI images. Initially, the scalable range‐based adaptive bilateral filer (SCRAB) pre‐processing technique was used to eliminate the noise artifacts from MRI while preserving the edges. In the segmentation phase, we propose a novel deep Shuffled‐YOLO architecture for segmenting the internal tumor structures that include non‐enhancing, edema, necrosis, and enhancing tumors from the multi‐modality MRI sequences. The experimental fallouts reveal that the proposed Shuffled‐YOLO network achieves a better accuracy range of 98.07% for BraTS 2020 and 97.04% for BraTS 2019 with very minimal computational complexity compared to the state‐of‐the‐art models.
The liquid‐crystal alignment properties of photolithographic gratings

The liquid‐crystal alignment properties of gratings with a 1–10‐μm period are described. Experiments are presented to compare the roles of interfacial interactions and surface topography in determining alignment. It is shown that grooves are neither necessary nor always sufficient to produce alignment. Interfacial forces can give rise to strongly pinned alignment, governed by various biases applied during the first appearance of long‐range order at the interface.
Faktor-faktor penentu minat beli produk di e-commerce

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh electronic of mouth (e-WOM) terhadap minat beli yang dimediasi oleh sikap terhadap merek dan citra merek. Model penelitian diuji dalam konteks e-commerce Tokopedia. Pengumpulan data primer menggunakan metode survei dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 100 orang responden. Teknik purposive sampling digunakan sebagai dasar penentuan sampling dalam penelitian ini. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan SEM-PLS menunjukkan bahwa e-WOM berpengaruh secara langsung dan positif terhadap minat beli, e-WOM berpengaruh positif terhadap sikap terhadap merek dan citra merek, serta sikap terhadap merek dan citra merek berpengaruh positif terhadap minat beli. Hasil uji mediasi membuktikan bahwa sikap terhadap merek dan citra merek secara parsial memediasi pengaruh e-WOM terhadap minat beli.
Ameliorative Effect of Quercetin against Abamectin-Induced Hemato-Biochemical Alterations and Hepatorenal Oxidative Damage in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Simple Summary Aquatic pollution is an unavoidable danger with the spread use of agrochemicals in different agriculture sectors. Abamectin (ABM) has been one of the most widely used pesticides in recent decades due to its effectiveness in crop protection and pharmaceutical applications. The present study evaluated the effects of exposure to sublethal levels of ABM on several health and stress indicators of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, and the potential protective effect of quercetin. The results showed that ABM exposure induced anemia, proteinemia, and hyperlipidemia in the serum of exposed fish and induced liver and kidney dysfunctions and oxidative damage. The dietary supplementation of quercetin ameliorates the negative effects of ABM on Nile tilapia’s physiological status and can be used as an antioxidant to mitigate the destructive effects of insecticide toxicity in aquaculture. Abstract Abamectin (ABM) is a common agricultural pesticide and veterinary anthelmintic drug. It can discharge from the sites of application to aquatic systems via surface run-off or spray drift, causing harmful effects to aquatic organisms. The present study investigated the protective effect of dietary quercetin supplementation on hemato-biochemical parameters and hepato-renal oxidative stress biomarkers in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to a sublethal dose of ABM. Fish were allocated into six equal groups. The first group was kept as a control group. The second and third groups (Q400, and Q800) were fed diets supplemented with two quercetin levels (400 and 800 mg/kg diet), respectively. The fourth group (ABM) was intoxicated with 20.73 µg/L of ABM. The fifth and sixth groups (ABM + Q400, and ABM + Q800) were fed diet supplemented with two quercetin levels (400 and 800 mg/kg diet) and simultaneously intoxicated with ABM for 60 days. The results showed that ABM significantly decreased RBCs, hemoglobin content, hematocrit, total protein, albumin levels, and acetylcholinesterase activity activities compared to the control. Meanwhile, ABM significantly increased white blood cells, glucose, total lipids, cholesterol, and alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities. Liver and kidney levels of lipid peroxidation was significantly increased, while hepato-renal antioxidant biomarkers (reduced glutathione, super oxide dismutase, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity) were significantly decreased upon ABM exposure. On the other hand, quercetin dietary supplementation improved the hemato-biochemical alterations and alleviated oxidative stress induced by ABM exposure. Fish supplemented with quercetin at a level of 800 mg/kg diet showed better alleviating effects against ABM compared to 400 mg/kg diet. Based on these study findings, we suggest that quercetin dietary supplementation (800 mg/kg) offered direct protection against ABM-induced physiological disturbance and oxidative stress in Nile tilapia.
MD Simulation of Atomic Displacement Cascades in Random Fe-9at.%Cr Binary Alloy with Twin Grain Boundaries

Abstract The present paper is devoted to radiation damage simulation of Fe-9at. %Cr binary alloy with twin grain boundaries (GBs) by the molecular dynamics method. Evaluations of specific energy of five GBs and sizes of corresponding GB regions have been obtained for iron and FeCr alloy at temperatures of 0 and 300 K. The binding energies of the vacancy, self-interstitial atom (SIA) and substitutional Cr atom to the GB in pure Fe have been estimated. The results showed that GB regions are energetically preferable for the point defects. Interaction of 10 keV displacement cascades with the GBs has been studied. The tendency to accumulate at the GB region has been shown for produced defects. Some quantitative results which describe features of radiation damage nearby the GB have been obtained. It is revealed that Cr fraction in SIAs inside the GB region is slightly lower than that in the initial alloy matrix. Cr fraction in interstitial configurations outside the GB region is almost three times as high. However, no remarkable chromium redistribution nearby the GB has been detected.
Transport coefficients for binary Yukawa mixtures: theory and molecular dynamic simulations

We present the generalization to the binary Yukawa mixture of equilibrium molecular dynamic computations of the transport coefficients of the Yukawa one-component plasma (Salin and Caillol 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 065002, Salin and Caillol 2000 J. Chem. Phys. 113 10459–63). The simulations were performed within periodic boundary conditions, and Ewald sums were implemented for the potentials, the forces and for all the currents which enter the Kubo formulae. Results include shear and bulk viscosities, ionic thermal conductivity, as in the one-component case, but also diffusion and interdiffusion coefficients. We will present the different coefficients and examples of simulations. We shall also compare our simulation results for large screening parameters with Chapman–Enskog theory (Chapman and Cowling 1970 The Mathematical Theory of Non-Uniform Gases 3rd edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)).
HyperCube4x: A viewport management system proposal

This article presents a novel management and information visualization system proposal based on the tesseract, the 4D-hypercube. The concept comprises metaphors that mimic the tesseract geometrical properties using interaction and information visualization techniques, made possible by modern computer systems and human capabilities such as spatial cognition. The discussion compares the Hypercube and the traditional desktop metaphor systems. An operational prototype is also available for reader testing. Finally, a preliminary assessment with 31 participants revealed that 81.05% “agree” or “totally agree” that the proposed concepts offer real gains compared to the desktop metaphor.
Sorting and Manipulation of Human PGC-LC Using PDPN and Hanging Drop Cultures

The generation of oocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) was proven efficient with mouse cells. However, no human iPSCs have yet been reported to generate cells able to complete oogenesis. Additionally, efficient sorting of human Primordial Germ Cell-like Cells (hPGC-LCs) without genomic integration of fluorescent reporter for their downstream manipulation is still lacking. Here, we aimed to develop a model that allows human germ cell differentiation in vitro in order to study the developing human germline. The hPGC-LCs specified from two iPS cell lines were sorted and manipulated using the PDPN surface marker without genetic modification. hPGC-LCs obtained remain arrested at early stages of maturation and no further differentiation nor meiotic onset occurred when these were cultured with human or mouse fetal ovarian somatic cells. However, when cultured independently of somatic ovarian cells, using BMP4 and the hanging drop-transferred EBs system, early hPGC-LCs further differentiate efficiently and express late PGC (DDX4) and meiotic gene markers, although no SYCP3 protein was detected. Altogether, we characterized a tool to sort hPGC-LCs and an efficient in vitro differentiation system to obtain pre-meiotic germ cell-like cells without using a gonadal niche.
Feasibility of Tracking Human Kinematics with Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM)

We evaluated a new wearable technology that fuses inertial sensors and cameras for tracking human kinematics. These devices use on-board simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithms to localize the camera within the environment. Significance of this technology is in its potential to overcome many of the limitations of the other dominant technologies. Our results demonstrate this system often attains an estimated orientation error of less than 1° and a position error of less than 4 cm as compared to a robotic arm. This demonstrates that SLAM’s accuracy is adequate for many practical applications for tracking human kinematics.
Particle collisions in the vicinity of an eroding surface

In the vicinity of a surface which is being eroded there is a region where particles arriving at and departing from the surface can collide. The frequency of collisions and the resulting motion of spherical particles have been investigated theoretically and experimentally. An expression is derived for the flux of spheres necessary for a high frequency of collisions. The directions and velocities of particles after collision have also been calculated, assuming elastic collisions. In the low-flux limit collisions do not reduce the number of particles reaching the surface. Long-exposure (ca. 1 s) and high-speed (5000 frames s-1) photography confirms these findings for the case of 0.6+or-0.1 mm diameter glass spheres travelling at 13+or-1 m s-1. These conclusions conflict with the ideas of many authors who suggest that collisions help protect the eroded surface. The present paper shows that collisions degrade the incident beam of particles by increasing the angular divergence of the beam and creating a spectrum of velocities. Stray particles have also been observed entering the region of interest, increasing the frequency of collisions. Stray particles and changes in the incident beam are probably the causes of the observed reduction in erosion rate at high levels of flux.
Discovery of a Novel Bloom’s Syndrome Protein (BLM) Inhibitor Suppressing Growth and Metastasis of Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common cancer and a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide in men, necessitating novel targets for cancer therapy. High expression of Bloom’s syndrome protein (BLM) helicase is associated with the occurrence and development of PCa. Therefore, the identification and development of new BLM inhibitors may be a new direction for the treatment of PCa. Here, we identified a novel inhibitor by molecular docking and put it to systematic evaluation via various experiments, AO/854, which acted as a competitive inhibitor that blocked the BLM-DNA interaction. Cellular evaluation indicated that AO/854-suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in PC3 cells by enhancing DNA damage, phosphorylating Chk1/Chk2, and altering the p53 signaling pathway. Collectively, the study highlights the potential of BLM as a therapeutic target in PCa and reveals a distinct mechanism by which AO/854 competitively inhibits the function of BLM.
A Simple Way to Find Prices, Greeks, and Static Hedges for Barrier Options

We give simple proofs of some pricing and hedging results for barrier options. Following the probabilistic approach in Andreasen (2001), we prove some pricing and hedging results for single barrier zero-rebate options. The results are all well-established, but the proofs are selfcontained and simple; no reference to rst-hitting-time densities or the joint distribution of Brownian
Fish Community Structure and Biomass Particle-Size Spectrum in the Upper Reaches of the Jinsha River (China)

Simple Summary From 2019 to 2020, 28 species of fish were collected from the upper reaches of the Jinsha River. The dominant species of fish were Triplophysa stenura, Schizothorax wangchiachii, and Schizopygopsis malacanthus. Fish diversity was at a deficient level, and flow velocity, altitude, and dissolved oxygen were the main influencing factors causing the differences in fish community structure in the upper Jinsha River. The abundance/biomass curve showed that the fish community in the upper Jinsha River was moderately or seriously disturbed. The standardized biomass size spectrum of fish showed that the degree of disturbance of fish in tributaries was much lower than that in the main stream. Compared with the historical data, the structure of the fish community in the Jinsha River changed significantly, with more exotic species and smaller individual fish. It is suggested that habitat conservation strategies be adopted in the upper tributaries of the Jinsha River to provide a reference for the restoration of fishery resources and the conservation of fish diversity in the Yangtze River. Abstract To understand the characteristics of the fish community structure and biomass particle-size spectrum in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River, fish and environmental surveys were conducted in 21 segments of the upper reaches of the Jinsha River in September 2019 and June 2020. A total of 4062 fish belonging to 2 orders, 5 families, 18 genera, and 28 species were collected. Among them, Cyprinidae fish were the most abundant (14 species), accounting for 50.00%. The Shannon index and Pielou evenness index values varied from 0.402–1.770 and 0.254–0.680, respectively. The dominant species of fish were Triplophysa stenura, Schizothorax wangchiachii, and Schizopygopsis malacanthus. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to analyse the relationship between the fish community and environmental factors. Velocity, altitude, and dissolved oxygen were the main influencing factors of fish community structure differences in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River. The abundance/biomass curves showed that the fish communities in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River were moderately or severely disturbed. The standardized biomass particle-size spectrum of fish showed that the degree of disturbance of fish in tributaries was much lower than that in the main stream. Compared with the historical data, the fish community structure in the Jinsha River has changed significantly, with the number of exotic species increasing, and the individual fish showing miniaturization and younger ages. It is suggested that habitat conservation strategies be adopted in the upper tributaries of the Jinsha River to provide a reference for the restoration of fishery resources and the conservation of fish diversity in the Yangtze River.
Successful Al2O3 coating of superconducting niobium cavities with thermal ALD

The surface modification of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities is mandatory to further push the limits in future accelerators. One strategy is the deposition of multilayer superconducting and insulating materials on top of the inner surface of an SRF cavity. Here, we report on a successful low-temperature coating of an SRF cavity with insulating Al2O3 by thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD), without mitigating its maximum achievable accelerating field of more than 40 MV m−1. Furthermore, an improvement of the surface resistance above 30 MV m−1 has been observed, which is likely caused by an enhanced oxygen diffusion during the deposition process. Our results show that ALD is perfectly suited to provide a conformal coat to the interior of the cavity and to even modify and improve the properties of such devices.