Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PATCH GINGIVA MUKOADESIF Î²-CAROTENE SEBAGAI PENCEGAH EFEK SAMPING PAPARAN RADIASI RADIOGRAFI PANORAMIK(Kajian in vivo pada Kelinci galur New Zealand)

Micronucleus is one of early markers of DNA damage due to panoramic radiography radiation exposure which might be related to carcinogenesis mechanism. The DNA damage occured because of oxidative reaction that can be detected using 8-oxo-dG expression. I²-Carotene is lipid soluble antioxidant substance which is expected to prevent the oxidative reaction and to improve the juctional communication which detected by Cx-43. The objectives of this study were to prepare and to develop topical I²-Carotene in order to prevent micronucleus formation on the gingival mucosa due to panoramic radiography exposure. The preparation of I²-Carotene gingival mucoadhesive patch were done after analizing the I²-Carotene capability to penetrate gingival mucosa. I²-Carotene gingival mucoadhesive patch had been applied to gingival mucosa on the experimental rabbits. In Group I, the rabbits werenâ��t applied with the patch. Group II were applied before, Group III just in the time and Group IV after panoramic radiography exposure. Micronucleus samples were taken from the swabbed of rabbitâ��s gingival mucosa then stained by using modified Feulgen- Rossenbeck. The 8-oxo-dG and Cx-43 expression were detected using immunohistochemistry technique. The results were analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis, paired t-test, two way anova and Pearson correlation. I²-Carotene gingival mucoadhesif patch could be formed and the I²-Carotene substances would be transported into rabbitâ��s gingival mucosa.The increasing number of micronucleus from Group I had different mean (p<0.05) with Group III and IV. There were significant influences (p<0.05) of I²-Carotene gingival mucoadhesif patch application on Group II and III. It proved that the application of I²-Carotene gingival mucoadhesive prevented the increasing number of micronucleus especially when it was applied before and during panoramic radiograpy exposure. In conclusion, the I²-Carotene gingival mucoadhesive patch can be utilized to prevent the panoramic radiography radiation exposure on rabbitâ��s gingival mucosa.
Molecular Basis of Alcohol-Related Gastric and Colon Cancer

Many meta-analysis, large cohort studies, and experimental studies suggest that chronic alcohol consumption increases the risk of gastric and colon cancer. Ethanol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH), catalase or cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) to acetaldehyde, which is then further oxidized to acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Acetaldehyde has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen to humans. The acetaldehyde level in the stomach and colon is locally influenced by gastric colonization by Helicobacter pylori or colonic microbes, as well as polymorphisms in the genes encoding tissue alcohol metabolizing enzymes, especially ALDH2. Alcohol stimulates the uptake of carcinogens and their metabolism and also changes the composition of enteric microbes in a way to enhance the aldehyde level. Alcohol also undergoes chemical coupling to membrane phospholipids and disrupts organization of tight junctions, leading to nuclear translocation of β-catenin and ZONAB, which may contributes to regulation of genes involved in proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Alcohol also generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) by suppressing the expression of antioxidant and cytoprotective enzymes and inducing expression of CYP2E1 which contribute to the metabolic activation of chemical carcinogens. Besides exerting genotoxic effects by directly damaging DNA, ROS can activates signaling molecules involved in inflammation, metastasis and angiogenesis. In addition, alcohol consumption induces folate deficiency, which may result in aberrant DNA methylation profiles, thereby influencing cancer-related gene expression.
Mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase 2 is elevated in long‐lived primate as well as rodent species and extends fly mean lifespan

In a survey of enzymes related to protein oxidation and cellular redox state, we found activity of the redox enzyme thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) to be elevated in cells from long‐lived species of rodents, primates, and birds. Elevated TXNRD activity in long‐lived species reflected increases in the mitochondrial form, TXNRD2, rather than the cytosolic forms TXNRD1 and TXNRD3. Analysis of published RNA‐Seq data showed elevated TXNRD2 mRNA in multiple organs of longer‐lived primates, suggesting that the phenomenon is not limited to skin‐derived fibroblasts. Elevation of TXNRD2 activity and protein levels was also noted in liver of three different long‐lived mutant mice, and in normal male mice treated with a drug that extends lifespan in males. Overexpression of mitochondrial TXNRD2 in Drosophila melanogaster extended median (but not maximum) lifespan in female flies with a small lifespan extension in males; in contrast, overexpression of the cytosolic form, TXNRD1, did not produce a lifespan extension.
Complete Genome Sequence of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 Virulent Strain SS2-1

ABSTRACT Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen that can also cause severe diseases in humans. Herein, we describe the genome sequence of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 virulent strain SS2-1, which was isolated from a diseased dead pig amid the 1998 Streptococcus suis outbreak in Jiangsu Province in China.
Elevated &agr;-Hydroxybutyrate and Branched-Chain Amino Acid Levels Predict Deterioration of Glycemic Control in Adolescents

Context Traditional risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus are weak predictors of changes in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in youth. Objective To identify early metabolic features of insulin resistance (IR) in youth and whether they predict deterioration of glycemic control. Design and Setting A cross-sectional and longitudinal study was conducted at the Yale Pediatric Obesity Clinic. Patients and Intervention Concentrations of α-hydroxybutyrate, β-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 78 nondiabetic adolescents during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Associations between baseline metabolic alterations and longitudinal changes in glucose control were tested in 16 subjects after a mean follow-up of 2.3 years. Main Outcome Measures The relationship between metabolite levels, parameters of IR, and glycemic control, and their progression over time. Results Elevated fasting α-hydroxybutyrate levels were observed in adolescents with reduced insulin sensitivity after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, Tanner stage, and body mass index z-score (P = 0.014). Plasma α-hydroxybutyrate and BCAAs were increased throughout the course of the OGTT in this group (P < 0.03). Notably, borderline IR was associated with a progressive α-hydroxybutyrate decrease from elevated baseline concentrations to normal levels (P = 0.02). Increased baseline α-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were further associated with progressive worsening of glucose tolerance and disposition index. Conclusion α-Hydroxybutyrate and BCAA concentrations during an OGTT characterize insulin-resistant youth and predict worsening of glycemic control. These findings provide potential biomarkers for risk assessment of type 2 diabetes and new insights into IR pathogenesis.
The performance of DSP in fingerprint processing

People identification is an unavoidable requirement in order to better secure systems, networks and even people. The idea of using biometrics is not new, but it has only recently begun to be exploited by taking advantage of the great technological evolution. A biometric application requires a processing system having interesting computing capacity and resources limited in space and energy; hence the importance of using embedded systems in biometric recognition applications. The use of fingerprinting is now one of the most reliable technologies on the market to authenticate an individual. This technology is simple to use and quick to implement. On the other hand DSP (Digital Signal Processor) are the most suitable systems in signal processing (Image, sound, video, etc.) This paper proposes a study of the performance of a DSP in image processing used for fingerprint biometric identification.
J-Wave syndromes expert consensus conference report: Emerging concepts and gaps in knowledge.

The J-wave syndromes (JWSs), consisting of the Brugada syndrome (BrS) and early repolarization syndrome (ERS), have captured the interest of the cardiology community over the past 2 decades following the identiﬁcation of BrS as a new clinical entity by Pedro and Josep Brugada in 1992. [1][1] The
The Impact of Plastic Film Mulching on Citrus Fruit Sugar Accumulation and Sucrose Metabolism-Related Enzymes

【Objective】 The aim of this research is to investigate the possible physiological mechanism of the effect of plastic film mulching on citrus fruit sugar accumulation,which could help to enrich the knowledge of citrus high fruit quality formation. 【Method】 ‘Egan 1’ Ponkan(Citrus reticulata cv.Egan 1) was used as material,sugar accumulation and activities of sucrose metabolism-related enzymes were compared in fruit segment membrane and juice sacs,as well as contents of leaf total soluble sugar and starch between the plastic film mulching treatments and the control. 【Result】 Plastic film mulching at fruit ripening stage reduced soil water potential,which in the end increased the total soluble sugar content in leaf,fruit segment membrane and juice sacs.On the other hand,the activities of acid invertase and sucrose synthase(cleavage direction) in the segment membrane were higher,while in the juice sac the cleavage direction activity of sucrose synthase was lower in the plastic film mulching fruit than those in the control fruits. 【Conclusion】 Plastic film mulching caused water deficit stress,which induced osmotic adjustment and then to enhance sugar accumulation of fruits.Of them,the changes of sucrose synthase activities in segment membrane and juice sacs under plastic film mulching played an important role in increase of sink strength,thus increasing sucrose input and then enhancing sugar accumulation.
Urban–Rural Disparities in Energy Intake and Contribution of Fat and Animal Source Foods in Chinese Children Aged 4–17 Years

Objective: Excessive energy intake and poor food choices are major health concerns associated with overweight and obesity risk. This study aims to explore disparities in energy intake and the contributions from fat and animal source foods among Chinese school-aged children and adolescents in different communities based on urbanization levels. Design: Three consecutive 24 h recalls were used to assess dietary intake. Subjects’ height and weight were measured using standard equipment. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect household demographic and socioeconomic characteristics by trained interviewers. Setting: The 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey is part of an ongoing longitudinal household survey across 228 communities in nine provinces and three mega-cities in China. Subjects consisted of children aged 4–17 years (n = 1866; 968 boys and 898 girls). Results: The estimated average energy intake was 1604 kcal/day (1706 kcal/day for boys and 1493 kcal/day for girls). Proportions of energy from fat and animal source foods were 36.8% and 19.8% respectively and did not differ by gender. Total energy intake showed no significant disparity, but the proportion of energy from fat and animal source foods increased with increasing urbanization levels and increasing household income level. The largest difference in consumption percentages between children in rural areas and those in highly urban areas was for milk and dairy products (14.8% versus 74.4%) and the smallest difference was seen in percent consuming meat and meat products (83.1% versus 97.1%). Conclusions: Results of this study highlight the need for developing and implementing community-specific strategies to improve Chinese children’s diet quality.
Precise dielectric property measurements and E-field probe calibration for specific absorption rate measurements using a rectangular waveguide

Specific absorption rate (SAR) measurements require accurate calculations of the dielectric properties of tissue-equivalent liquids and associated calibration of E-field probes. We developed a precise tissue-equivalent dielectric measurement and E-field probe calibration system. The system consists of a rectangular waveguide, electric field probe, and data control and acquisition system. Dielectric properties are calculated using the field attenuation factor inside the tissue-equivalent liquid and power reflectance inside the waveguide at the air/dielectric-slab interface. Calibration factors were calculated using isotropicity measurements of the E-field probe. The frequencies used are 900 MHz and 1800 MHz. The uncertainties of the measured values are within ±3%, at the 95% confidence level. Using the same waveguide for dielectric measurements as well as calibrating E-field probes used in SAR assessments eliminates a source of uncertainty. Moreover, we clearly identified the system parameters that affect the overall uncertainty of the measurement system.
Low HOX gene expression in PML-RARα-positive leukemia results from suppressed histone demethylation

ABSTRACT Homeobox (HOX) genes are frequently dysregulated in leukemia. Previous studies have shown that aberrant HOX gene expression accompanies leukemogenesis and affects disease progression and leukemia patient survival. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) bearing PML-RARα fusion gene have distinct HOX gene signature in comparison to other subtypes of AML patients, although the mechanism of transcription regulation is not completely understood. We previously found an association between the mRNA levels of HOX genes and those of the histone demethylases JMJD3 and UTX in PML-RARα- positive leukemia patients. Here, we demonstrate that the release of the PML-RARα-mediated block in PML-RARα-positive myeloid leukemia cells increased both JMJD3 and HOX gene expression, while inhibition of JMJD3 using the specific inhibitor GSK-J4 reversed the effect. This effect was driven specifically through PML-RARα fusion protein since expression changes did not occur in cells with mutated RARα and was independent of differentiation. We confirmed that gene expression levels were inversely correlated with alterations in H3K27me3 histone marks localized at HOX gene promoters. Furthermore, data from chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing broaden a list of clustered HOX genes regulated by JMJD3 in PML-RARα-positive leukemic cells. Interestingly, the combination of GSK-J4 and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) significantly increased PML-RARα-positive cell apoptosis compared with ATRA treatment alone. This effect was also observed in ATRA-resistant NB4 clones, which may provide a new therapeutic opportunity for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) resistant to current treatment. The results of our study reveal the mechanism of HOX gene expression regulation and contribute to our understanding of APL pathogenesis.
Colorectal Cancer Incidence Patterns in the United States, 1974–2013

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the United States is declining rapidly overall but, curiously, is increasing among young adults. Age-specific and birth cohort patterns can provide etiologic clues, but have not been recently examined. Methods: CRC incidence trends in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results areas from 1974 to 2013 (n = 490 305) were analyzed by five-year age group and birth cohort using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and age-period-cohort modeling. Results: After decreasing in the previous decade, colon cancer incidence rates increased by 1.0% to 2.4% annually since the mid-1980s in adults age 20 to 39 years and by 0.5% to 1.3% since the mid-1990s in adults age 40 to 54 years; rectal cancer incidence rates have been increasing longer and faster (eg, 3.2% annually from 1974–2013 in adults age 20–29 years). In adults age 55 years and older, incidence rates generally declined since the mid-1980s for colon cancer and since 1974 for rectal cancer. From 1989–1990 to 2012–2013, rectal cancer incidence rates in adults age 50 to 54 years went from half those in adults age 55 to 59 to equivalent (24.7 vs 24.5 per 100 000 persons: IRR = 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92 to 1.10), and the proportion of rectal cancer diagnosed in adults younger than age 55 years doubled from 14.6% (95% CI = 14.0% to 15.2%) to 29.2% (95% CI = 28.5% to 29.9%). Age-specific relative risk by birth cohort declined from circa 1890 until 1950, but continuously increased through 1990. Consequently, compared with adults born circa 1950, those born circa 1990 have double the risk of colon cancer (IRR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.11 to 5.19) and quadruple the risk of rectal cancer (IRR = 4.32, 95% CI = 2.19 to 8.51). Conclusions: Age-specific CRC risk has escalated back to the level of those born circa 1890 for contemporary birth cohorts, underscoring the need for increased awareness among clinicians and the general public, as well as etiologic research to elucidate causes for the trend. Further, as nearly one-third of rectal cancer patients are younger than age 55 years, screening initiation before age 50 years should be considered.
NAT2 slow acetylator associated with anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury in Thai patients.

BACKGROUND Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (AT-DILI) is one of the most common forms of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries. Among anti-tuberculosis drugs, isoniazid is the main cause of hepatotoxicity in patients with AT-DILI. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of AT-DILI with N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) genotype status in Thai TB patients. METHODS We enrolled 53 patients diagnosed with AT-DILI and 85 patients who tolerated anti-tuberculosis treatment as controls. Acetylator status was determined based on the inferred NAT2 haplotypes from four common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Thais using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Phenotype frequencies of the NAT2 acetylator in AT-DILI patients were respectively 71.7%, 22.6% and 5.7% for slow, intermediate and rapid acetylators. Among slow, intermediate, and rapid acetylators in treatment tolerant controls, phenotype frequencies were respectively 22.4%, 62.4% and 15.3%. Slow NAT2 acetylators demonstrated a significant association with risk of AT-DILI. The odds ratio of comparing slow NAT2 acetylator in DILI patients and tolerance was 8.80 (95%CI 4.01-19.31, P = 1.53 × 10-8). CONCLUSIONS Slow acetylator status in the NAT2 genotype is a significant risk factor for DILI in Thai patients with TB. This evidence provides confirmatory data in support of the role of NAT2 in AT-DILI in the Thai population.
Single‐stage single‐switch PFC converter for wide‐input extreme step‐down voltage applications

This paper presents a new single‐stage single‐switch high power factor correction AC/DC converter suitable for low‐power applications (< 150 W) with a universal input voltage range (90–265 Vrms). The proposed topology integrates a buck–boost input current shaper followed by a buck and a buck–boost converter, respectively. As a result, the proposed converter can operate with larger duty cycles compared with the existing single‐stage single‐switch topologies, hence, making them suitable for extreme step‐down voltage conversion applications. Several desirable features are gained when the three integrated converter cells operate in discontinuous conduction mode. These features include low semiconductor voltage stress, zero‐current switch at turn‐on, and simple control with a fast well‐regulated output voltage. A detailed circuit analysis is performed to derive the design equations. The theoretical analysis and effectiveness of the proposed approach are confirmed by experimental results obtained from a 100‐W/24‐Vdc laboratory prototype. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brain volume in first-episode schizophrenia

Background Studies of people with schizophrenia assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) usually include patients with first-episode and chronic disease, yet brain abnormalities may be limited to those with chronic schizophrenia. Aims To determine whether patients with a first episode of schizophrenia have characteristic brain abnormalities. Method Systematic review and meta-analysis of 66 papers comparing brain volume in patients with a first psychotic episode with volume in healthy controls. Results Atotal of 52 cross-sectional studies included 1424 patients with a first psychotic episode; 16 longitudinal studies included 465 such patients. Meta-analysis suggests that whole brain and hippocampal volume are reduced (both P < 0.0001) and that ventricular volume is increased (P < 0.0001) in these patients relative to healthy controls. Conclusions Average volumetric changes are close to the limit of detection by MRI methods. It remains to be determined whether schizophrenia is a neurodegenerative process that begins at about the time of symptom onset, or whether it is better characterised as a neurodevelopmental process that produces abnormal brain volumes at an early age.
Mice lacking the intracellular cation channel TRIC-B have compromised collagen production and impaired bone mineralization

Tric-b knockout mice serve as a model for studying the bone defects of osteogenesis imperfecta. The TRIC to building strong bones During bone development, osteoblasts secrete a collagen-rich matrix that is necessary for bone mineralization. Defects in collagen deposition cause osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a disease characterized by brittle bones. Zhao et al. found that mice lacking Tric-b, which encodes a trimeric intracellular cation channel that localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), had bone defects similar to those of OI patients. Although osteoblasts in Tric-b knockout mice synthesized collagen, it accumulated inside the cells instead of being secreted. The accumulation of intracellular collagen deposits was associated with morphological and biochemical markers of ER stress, including severe dilation, excess Ca2+ in the ER, and impaired Ca2+ release from the ER. These findings suggest that TRIC-B is necessary to maintain ER homeostasis, thus enabling osteoblasts to secrete the large amounts of collagen required to build strong bones. The trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channels TRIC-A and TRIC-B localize predominantly to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and likely support Ca2+ release from intracellular stores by mediating cationic flux to maintain electrical neutrality. Deletion and point mutations in TRIC-B occur in families with autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. Tric-b knockout mice develop neonatal respiratory failure and exhibit poor bone ossification. We investigated the cellular defect causing the bone phenotype. Bone histology indicated collagen matrix deposition was reduced in Tric-b knockout mice. Osteoblasts, the bone-depositing cells, from Tric-b knockout mice exhibited reduced Ca2+ release from ER and increased ER Ca2+ content, which was associated with ER swelling. These cells also had impaired collagen release without a decrease in collagen-encoding transcripts, consistent with a defect in trafficking of collagen through ER. In contrast, osteoclasts, the bone-degrading cells, from Tric-b knockout mice were similar to those from wild-type mice. Thus, TRIC-B function is essential to support the production and release of large amounts of collagen by osteoblasts, which is necessary for bone mineralization.