Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Holistic Design of Reconfigurable , Low-Power Intelligent Sensor Systems

Intelligent embedded systems are of increasing importance in industrial and consumer applications and systems. Application domains comprise, e.g., mobile communication devices, games, monitoring devices or medical implants. In particular with the increasing variety of sensor devices, intelligent systems solving a diversity of recognition tasks for, e.g., autonomous system behavior or human-machine-interface, find more and more widespread application. Most recent application fields are summarized by the terms of ambient intelligence and distributed sensor networks. For this kind of application, appropriate integration or miniaturization techniques, adequate sensor devices, and sophisticated, application-specific signal processing are required. Further, the implementation of the required system, in particular its electronic components, have to meet additional constraints, such as real-time requirements or power consumption limitations. At the state-of-the-art, the design of recognition systems in general and integrated sensor systems in particular still is a predominantly expert-driven, tedious and labor-intensive task. The processing chain, depicted in Fig. 1 for the special case of vision, from sensor choice, over signal processing, feature computation, dimensionality reduction, and classification for decision making is instantiated manually according to existing experience and expertise. The quality of the overall solution very much depends on the involved experts ability. In particular the expense of resources and power in the later implementation is not explicitly cared for by this approach. In contrast, the design of integrated
Mayak Worker Study: An Improved Biokinetic Model for Reconstructing Doses from Internally Deposited Plutonium

Abstract Leggett, R. W. , Eckerman, K. F. , Khokhryakov, V. F. , Suslova, K. G. , Krahenbuhl, M. P. and Miller, S. C. Mayak Worker Study: An Improved Biokinetic Model for Reconstructing Doses from Internally Deposited Plutonium. Radiat. Res. 164, 111–122 (2005). The plutonium production facility known as the Mayak Production Association was put into operation in June 1948. A high incidence of cancer in the Mayak workers has been related to the level of exposure to plutonium, but uncertainties in tissue doses have hampered development of dose–risk relationships. As part of an effort to improve dose estimates for these workers, the systemic biokinetic model for plutonium currently recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has been modified to reflect recently developed data and facilitate interpretation of case-specific information. This paper describes the proposed model and discusses its implications for dose reconstruction for the Mayak workers.
Sunitinib, a Small-Molecule Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Suppresses Neointimal Hyperplasia in Balloon-Injured Rat Carotid Artery

The migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by growth factors play a critical role in in-stent stenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The present study tested the hypothesis that sunitinib malate (sunitinib), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of multiple receptors for growth factors, can reduce neointimal formation after arterial injury in vivo and sought to reveal the underlying mechanism in vitro. Male Wistar rats with balloon-injured carotid arteries were administered either sunitinib or a vehicle orally for 2 weeks. Sunitinib significantly inhibited neointimal hyperplasia relative to control by reducing active cell proliferation. In cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), sunitinib significantly inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced increases of DNA synthesis, cell proliferation, and migration relative to controls as evaluated by [3H] thymidine incorporation, cell number, and the Boyden chamber assay, respectively. Immunoblot analyses showed that sunitinib suppressed phosphorylation of PDGF-BB inducible extracellular signal-regulated kinase and autophosphorylation of PDGF β-receptor, which are the key signaling steps involved in HASMC activation. These results indicate that sunitinib inhibits neointimal formation after arterial injury by suppressing VSMC proliferation and migration presumably through inactivation of PDGF signaling. As such, it may be a potential therapeutic agent, which targets arterial restenosis after PCI.
Expression of fascin protein and mRNA in the KB carcinoma cell line following treatment with doxorubicin.

CONTEXT Fascin is an actin-bundling protein that has been shown to be overexpressed in various carcinomas, but the effect of doxorubicin on its protein and mRNA has not been investigated. AIMS The aim of the present study is to evaluate any changes that may be induced by doxorubicin on the fascin molecule in a cancer cell line. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Experimental study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of fascin protein and mRNA in the human KB carcinoma cell line was evaluated by qRT-PCR, and immunocytochemistry following treatment with doxorubicin. Apoptosis was also analyzed using flow cytometry. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Group comparisons were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc test to determine differences between groups (P < 0.05). RESULTS Treatment with doxorubicin promoted a significant increase of fascin mRNA and decrease of fascin protein (P <0.05). Doxorubicin also induced apoptosis in the KB cell line. CONCLUSIONS Regarding the changes in the actin-bundling protein, fascin, which was found following treatment with doxorubicin, it can be hypothesized that this drug may possess antimigratory characteristics by influencing fascin. Further studies are suggested to clarify this theory.
Understanding Plastid Vesicle Transport - Could it Provide Benefit for Human Medicine?

BACKGROUND In plants, vesicle transport occurs in the secretory pathway in the cytosol, between the membranes of different compartments. Several protein components have been identified to be involved in the process and their functions were characterized. Both cargos and other molecules (such as hormones) have been shown to use vesicle transport, although the major constituents of vesicles are lipids which are transferred from donor to acceptor membranes. In humans, malfunction of the cytosolic vesicle transport system leads to different diseases. METHOD To better understand and ultimately cure these human diseases, studying other model systems such as yeast can be beneficial. Plants with their cytosolic vesicle transport system could serve as another model system. However, this review focuses on plant vesicles not present in the cytosol but in the chloroplasts, where lipids produced in the surrounding envelope are transported through the aqueous stroma to the thylakoid membranes. Although chloroplast vesicles have found both biochemical and ultrastructural support, only two proteins have been characterized as components of the pathway. However, using bioinformatics a number of other proteins have been suggested as homologs to the cytosolic system. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Based on these findings vesicles of chloroplasts are likely most similar to the vesicles trafficking from ER to Golgi, or may even be unique, but important experimental support is yet lacking. In this review, proposed vesicle transport components in chloroplasts are presented, and their possible future implementation for human medicine is discussed.
Expression Level of Adenosine Kinase in Rat Tissues. Lack of Phosphate Effect on the Enzyme Activity

In this report we describe cloning and expression of rat adenosine kinase (AK) in Esccherichaia coli cells as a fusion protein with 6xHis. The recombinant protein was purified and polyclonal antibodies to AK were generated in rabbits. Immunoblotanal-ysis of extracts obtained from various rat tissues revealed two protein bands reactive with anti-AK IgG. The apparent molecular mass of these bands was 48 and 38 kDa in rat kidney, liver, spleen, brain, and lung. In heart and muscle the proteins that react with AK antibodies have the molecular masses of 48 and 40.5 kDa. In order to assess the relative AK mRNA level in rat tissues we used the multiplex PCR technique with >-actin mRNA as a reference. We found the highest level of AK mRNA in the liver, which decreased in the order kidney > spleen > lung > heart > brain > muscle. Measurement of AK activity in cytosolic fractions of rat tissues showed the highest activity in the liver (0.58 U/g), which decreasedin the order kidney > spleen > lung > brain > heart > skeletal muscle. Kinetic studies on recombinant AK as well as on AK in the cytosolic fraction of various rat tissues showed that this enzyme is not affected by phosphate ions. The data presented indicate that in the rat tissues investigated at least two isoforms of adenosine kinase are expressed, and that the expression of the AK gene appears to have some degree of tissue specificity. To date a vast number of reports has been published indicating that adenosine plays an important role in regulating many metabolic processes. It has been recognized that adeno
The Physiology and Biophysics of an Aluminum Tolerance Mechanism Based on Root Citrate Exudation in Maize1

Al-induced release of Al-chelating ligands (primarily organic acids) into the rhizosphere from the root apex has been identified as a major Al tolerance mechanism in a number of plant species. In the present study, we conducted physiological investigations to study the spatial and temporal characteristics of Al-activated root organic acid exudation, as well as changes in root organic acid content and Al accumulation, in an Al-tolerant maize (Zea mays) single cross (SLP 181/71 × Cateto Colombia 96/71). These investigations were integrated with biophysical studies using the patch-clamp technique to examine Al-activated anion channel activity in protoplasts isolated from different regions of the maize root. Exposure to Al nearly instantaneously activated a concentration-dependent citrate release, which saturated at rates close to 0.5 nmol citrate h−1 root−1, with the half-maximal rates of citrate release occurring at about 20 μm Al3+ activity. Comparison of citrate exudation rates between decapped and capped roots indicated the root cap does not play a major role in perceiving the Al signal or in the exudation process. Spatial analysis indicated that the predominant citrate exudation is not confined to the root apex, but could be found as far as 5 cm beyond the root cap, involving cortex and stelar cells. Patch clamp recordings obtained in whole-cell and outside-out patches confirmed the presence of an Al-inducible plasma membrane anion channel in protoplasts isolated from stelar or cortical tissues. The unitary conductance of this channel was 23 to 55 pS. Our results suggest that this transporter mediates the Al-induced citrate release observed in the intact tissue. In addition to the rapid Al activation of citrate release, a slower, Al-inducible increase in root citrate content was also observed. These findings led us to speculate that in addition to the Al exclusion mechanism based on root citrate exudation, a second internal Al tolerance mechanism may be operating based on Al-inducible changes in organic acid synthesis and compartmentation. We discuss our findings in terms of recent genetic studies of Al tolerance in maize, which suggest that Al tolerance in maize is a complex trait.
Evaluating Reputation Systems for Agent Mediated e-Commerce

Agent mediated e-commerce involves buying and selling on Internet through software agents. The success of an agent mediated e-commerce system lies in the underlying reputation management system which is used to improve the quality of services in e-market environment. A reputation system encourages the honest behaviour of seller agents and discourages the malicious behaviour of dishonest seller agents in the e-market where actual traders never meet each other. This paper evaluates various reputation systems for assigning reputation rating to software agents acting on behalf of buyers and sellers in e-market. These models are analysed on the basis of a number of features viz. reputation computation and their defence mechanisms against different attacks. To address the problems of traditional reputation systems which are relatively static in nature, this paper identifies characteristics of a dynamic reputation framework which ensures judicious use of information sharing for inter-agent cooperation and also associates the reputation of an agent with the value of a transaction so that the market approaches an equilibrium state and dishonest agents are weeded out of the market.
Characterizing IPv6 control and data plane stability

End-to-end IPv6 performance is a factor that can influence IPv6 adoption. The stability of IPv6 - both in the control and data plane - is an important determinant of end-to-end performance, as it influences packet loss, network latency, and hence application performance. In this paper we compare stability and performance measurements from the control and data plane in IPv6 and IPv4. To study control plane stability, we use BGP feeds from five dual-stacked vantage points to measure routing dynamics towards IPv4 and IPv6 destinations. To study data plane stability, we probe dual-stacked webservers in 629 target ASes to determine the availability, RTT performance and RTT stability of paths toward these targets. In both control and data plane experiments IPv6 exhibited less stability than IPv4. In the control plane, most routing dynamics were generated by a small fraction of pathological unstable prefixes. In the data-plane, episodes of unavailability were longer on IPv6 than on IPv4. We found evidence of correlated performance degradation over IPv4 and IPv6 caused by shared infrastructure.
Neural Network Controller Based on PID Controller for Two links- Robotic Manipulator Control

This paper a new method for the control of Two link- robotic manipulator systems using Neural Network has been presented, The first method is based on Proportional-Derivative controller, The second method is based on Proportional-Integral- Derivative controller, the third method is based on artificial Neural Network by PD controller, and the forth method is based on artificial Neural Network by PID controller for control of Two link- robot.
# A 61 INTEGERS 13 ( 2013 ) CONGRUENCES OF CONCAVE COMPOSITION FUNCTIONS

Concave compositions are ordered partitions whose parts are decreasing towards a central part. We study the distribution modulo a of the number of concave compositions. Let c(n) be the number of concave compositions of n having even length. It is easy to see that c(n) is even for all n 1. Refining this fact, we prove that #{n < X : c(n) ⌘ 0 (mod 4)} p X and also that for every a > 2 and at least two distinct values of r 2 {0, 1, . , a 1}, #{n < X : c(n) ⌘ r (mod a)} > log2 log3 X a . We obtain similar results for concave compositions of odd length.
Modeling key compromise impersonation attacks on group key exchange protocols

Two-party key exchange (2PKE) protocols have been rigorously analyzed under various models considering different adversarial actions. However, the analysis of group key exchange (GKE) protocols has not been as extensive as that of 2PKE protocols. Particularly, an important security attribute called key compromise impersonation (KCI) resilience has been completely ignored for the case of GKE protocols. Informally, a protocol is said to provide KCI resilience if the compromise of the long-term secret key of a protocol participant A does not allow the adversary to impersonate an honest participant B to A. In this paper, we argue that KCI resilience for GKE protocols is at least as important as it is for 2PKE protocols. Our first contribution is revised definitions of security for GKE protocols considering KCI attacks by both outsider and insider adversaries. We also give a new proof of security for an existing two-round GKE protocol under the revised security definitions assuming random oracles. We then show how to achieve insider KCIR in a generic way using a known compiler in the literature. As one may expect, this additional security assurance comes at the cost of an extra round of communication. Finally, we show that a few existing protocols are not secure against outsider KCI attacks. The attacks on these protocols illustrate the necessity of considering KCI resilience for GKE protocols.
Implementation of two-tier link extractor in optimized search engine filtering system

In the present world, Internet has become very familiar to everyone. In Internet, Search Engine is an efficient tool to retrieve documents related to user queries. But the documents retrieved are often large in number and most of them are unrelated to queries. The present day problem is to minimize the unrelated documents. This paper is trying to find a solution by considering a new filtering system to reduce the number of unrelated documents by the search engine. This optimization is performed in various steps. Each step includes several modules. One of these modules is Link Extractor. This research is towards the link extractor's architectural design. After searching the result from the Web this filtering system will display the result to user by Re-ranker, which assigns the value for search engine's retrieved result links. After re-ranking, the most challenging task is to find out duplicate URL's. The impact of Tier I Link Extractor is it scans every URL's content by extraction technique. After this extraction of links, we can eliminate the duplicate URL's in two ways as URL's are same & anchor-text information is same. Elimination in first case is easy, but the second case i.e., checking every link's content, is too complicated. Tier II Link Extractor implements these two ways. And also it involves in the process of elimination, by document comparison methods with the help of some filters. By performing all these steps, this filtering system can reduce the access time of the users.
The Role of Cofactors in Prion Propagation and Infectivity

The term “prion" was originally coined by Prusiner to explain the unusual infectious agent in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs, also known as prion disease) [1]. Now the term has expanded to include a growing list of fungal proteins that stably maintain an atypical self-propagating conformation and epigenetically modify a variety of cellular processes [2]. Although fungal prions and the TSE agent share the capability of maintaining an atypical self-propagating conformation, fungal prions distinctly differ from the TSE agent in several aspects [3]. Thus far, the TSE agent is the only prion that behaves as a bona fide infectious agent, having an infectious cycle, capable of transmitting horizontally (among a community) and causing epidemic outbreaks [3]. The discussion in this article will be focused on mammalian prion, and the term “prion" specifically refers to the infectious TSE agent.
From Online Randomized Controlled Trials to Participant Preference Studies: Morphing the San Francisco Stop Smoking Site into a Worldwide Smoking Cessation Resource

Background Internet interventions have the potential to address many of the health problems that produce the greatest global burden of disease. We present a study illustrating this potential. The Spanish/English San Francisco Stop Smoking Internet site, which yielded quit rates of 20% or more at 12 months in published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), was modified to make it accessible to Spanish- and English-speaking smokers 18 years of age or older anywhere in the world. Objective To illustrate that Internet interventions designed to conduct RCTs can be adapted to serve as universal health care resources. We also examine quit rates obtained in the current participant preference study (in which users could choose from all elements tested in previous RCTs) to determine whether they differ from the quit rates found in the RCTs. Methods We modified the San Francisco Stop Smoking Internet site so that, instead of being randomly assigned to a specific intervention, participants could personalize the site by choosing among nine site elements (eg, stop smoking guide, reminder emails, journal, mood management intervention, or virtual group). Participants completed a baseline assessment, and reported smoking and mood data at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. We assessed the modified website’s reach and outcomes (quit rates), and compared the quit rates of the current participant preference study with those of the previous RCTs. Results In the first year of recruitment, 94,158 individuals from 152 countries and territories visited the site; 13,488 participants left some data; 9173 signed consent; 7763 completed the baseline survey; and 1955, 1362, 1106, and 1096 left 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month data, respectively. Observed quit rates were 38.1% (n = 668), 44.9% (n = 546), 43.6% (n = 431), and 45.4% (n = 449), respectively. The current participant preference study yielded higher observed quit rates (odds ratio 1.30) than the previous RCT when controlling for individuals’ demographic and smoking characteristics. Conclusions After strict RCTs are completed, Internet intervention sites can be made into worldwide health intervention resources without reducing their effectiveness. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00721786; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00721786 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/66npiZF4y)