Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Android dynamic data protection model based on light virtualization

Today's smartphones are not only tools for entertainment and communication, but also very effective tools for increasing the productivity of business users. End user can connect to company's IT infrastructure for uploading and downloading business data. However, smartphone security mechanisms have been discovered to offer very limited protection against malicious applications that pose a real threat to sensitive business data. In this paper, LVPDroid is presented, a dynamic data protection model based on light virtualization technology, which can enforce isolation of apps and data on Android. LVPDroid enables user to create different security pool in an android phone and each security pool is associated with a set of rules that control the access to apps and data. Moreover, LVPDroid can dynamically switch from one security pool to another.
Iron absorption.

The rate of absorption of iron is adjusted according to body iron requirements, but the virtual absence of heme and the poor bioavailability of the nonheme iron in the diets of many people, especially in developing countries, means that the amount that can be absorbed is limited. Those whose requirements are increased by growth, menstruation, or pregnancy frequently cannot absorb enough. Sufficient is now known about the factors in food that increase or diminish the bioavailability of nonheme iron to permit the effective fortification of dietary staples, although the application of this information has proved difficult particularly in the Third World where nutritional iron deficiency is most prevalent. Effective fortification may lead to iron overload in those whose control of iron absorption is genetically defective, and recent evidence that the HLA-linked recessive gene for idiopathic hemochromatosis may occur much more commonly than hitherto suspected makes it imperative that an effective monitoring system should form a part of every fortification program.
Using Clustering to Boost Text Classification

In recent years we have seen a tremendous growth in the number of text document collections available on the Internet. Automatic text categorization, the process of assigning unseen documents to user-defined categories, is an important task that can help in the organization and querying of such collections. In this article we consider the problem of classifying online papers from a specific journal in the geological sciences, over a set of expert defined categories. We evaluate two general strategies and several variants thereof. The first strategy is based on Naïve Bayes, a popular text classification algorithm. The second strategy is based on Principle Direction Divisive Partitioning, an unsupervised document clustering algorithm. While the performance of both approaches is quite good, some of the new variants that we propose including one, which involves a combination of these two approaches yield even better results.
Herb leaves recognition using combinations of Hu's moment variants — Backpropagation neural network and 2-D Gabor filter — Learning vector quantization (LVQ)

Indonesian people use herbs as an alternative choice to heal many kinds of diseases. The lack of information and knowledge about the merit of herbs will make the recognition turns difficult. The herbs can be recognized by the shape of the leaf. Capturing the leaf as an image allows constructing an automatic system of herbs recognition using image processing. Two steps of image processing for recognition are feature extraction and classification. 2D Gabor filter and Hu's moment invariants are used to feature extraction process. 2D Gabor Filters are influenced by some vectors that have different values for each feature of leaves. The hu's moment invariants are influenced by the geometric operation. The next step is classification grouping the result of the feature extraction into the right cluster. In this research, two classification methods will be combined with the two feature extraction methods. The first is hu's moment invariants and backpropagation neural network and the second is 2D Gabor filter and Learning Vector Quantization. Each of combination gives the different results. The first combination has recognition rate is about 81.4% and the second combination is about 80%.
UNT at ImageCLEF 2010: CLIR for Wikipedia Images

This paper presents the results of the team of the University of North Texas in the Wikipedia image retrieval track of Image-CLEF-2010. Our approach is based on performing translation of the French and German image captions to English and using of Language Models for generating our runs. We also explore the use of complex queries by asking two users to manually build queries based on the original topics distributed. Our results indicate that the approach of translating the image captions is feasible and yields results that are quite competitive with other teams that participated in the same track. This paper presents the results of the UNT team participation in the Wikipedia retrieval task. Traditionally, the most common approach to solve the cross language retrieval problem is to perform automatic translation of the user queries into the language of the document to be retrieved. However, in the presence of short queries the automatic translation might not have enough context to generate an appropriate translation. Our main goal was to explore the efficacy of using the captions associated with the Wikipedia images and providing automatic translations of them in English. We also address the effectiveness of using this approach using automatic queries as well as manual queries constructed by real users. Section 2 of this paper presents a short background of the CLIR retrieval problem in image retrieval. Section 3 presents the methods used to conduct our experiments. Section 4 presents our results and preliminary analysis of results. The last section of this paper presents our conclusion and plans for future work.
Apple and Sugar Feeding in Adult Codling Moths, Cydia pomonella: Effects on Longevity, Fecundity, and Egg Fertility

Abstract Attraction of adult codling moths, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to sweet baits has been well documented. However, beneficial effects of sugar feeding on moth fitness have not been demonstrated. Longevity, fecundity, and egg fertility were examined for female/male pairs of moths maintained with the following food regimens: water, sucrose water, honey water, apple juice, apple flesh, or starved, i.e., no food or water provided. Longevity and total fecundity were enhanced in all treatments relative to the starved treatment moths. Sucrose water, honey water, and apple juice treatments yielded the highest longevity, but total fecundity was highest for moths maintained on honey water or apple juice. Total egg fertility did not differ among treatments. However, egg fertility declined more gradually over the female lifespan for the three aqueous solution diets of sucrose water, honey water, and apple juice. Similarly, fecundity per day declined more gradually over time for honey water and apple juice treatments. Performance of moths maintained with apple flesh was generally intermediate between that of moths with water and the three aqueous solution treatments. This suggests that moths benefit from feeding on ripe apple flesh, although apple may be more difficult to ingest or its nutrients less concentrated compared to aqueous solutions. The results presented here may explain attraction of adult moths to sweet baits as well as to odors from ripe fruit, which may be a natural source of food in the fall.
Receptor Mediated Binding of the Fibrinolytic Components, Plasminogen and Urokinase, to Peripheral Blood Cells

Summary Glu-plasminogen binds to platelets; the monocytoid line, U937, and the human fetal fibroblast line, GM1380 bind both plasminogen and its activator, urokinase. This study assesses the interaction of these fibrinolytic proteins with circulating human blood cells. Plasminogen bound minimally to red cells but bound saturably and reversibly to monocytes, granulocytes and lymphocytes with apparent Kd values of 0.9-1.4 μM. The interactions were of high capacity with 1.6 to 49 × 105 sites/cell and involved the lysine binding sites of plasminogen. Both T cells and non-rosetting lymphocytes and two B cell lines saturably bound plasminogen. Urokinase bound saturably to gianulocytes, monocytes, non-rosetting lymphocytes and a B cell line, but minimally to T cells, platelets and red cells. Therefore, plasminogen binding sites of high capacity, of similar affinities, and with common recognition specificities are expressed by many peripheral blood cells. Urokinase receptors are also widely distributed, but less so than plasminogen binding sites. The binding ol plasminogen and/ or urokinase to these cells may lead to generation of cell- associated proteolytic activity which contributes to a variety of cellular functions.
OFDM Systems and related Multiple Access Schemes

The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission technique can efficiently deal with multi-path propagation effects especially in broadband radio channels. It also has a high degree of system flexibility in multiple access schemes by combining the conventional TDMA, FDMA and CDMA approaches with the OFDM modulation procedure which is particularly important in the uplink of a multi-user system. In OFDMFDMA schemes carrier synchronization and the resulting subcarrier orthogonality plays an important role to avoid any multiple access interferences (MAI) in the base station receiver. An additional technical challenge in system design is the required amplifier linearity to avoid any non-linear effects caused by a large peak-to-average ratio (PAR) of an OFDM transmission signal. A specific OFDM-FDMA uplink procedure is proposed and will be designed in this paper which can be seen as a combination of a specific subcarrier spreading scheme and subcarrier selection process. The resulting transmit signal consists of a periodic extension and multiple repetition of all modulation symbols and leads therefore to an extremely low computation complexity in the transmitter. Furthermore, the transmit signal shows simultaneously a constant envelope to avoid any non-linear effects in the amplification process. This uplink scheme can be considered as a trade off between low computation complexity and system performance. Keywords—OFDM, FDMA, CDMA, Uplink, PAR, OFDMA DFT Spreading
Direction-Selective Circuitry in Rat Retina Develops Independently of GABAergic, Cholinergic and Action Potential Activity

The ON-OFF direction selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) in the mammalian retina code image motion by responding much more strongly to movement in one direction. They do so by receiving inhibitory inputs selectively from a particular sector of processes of the overlapping starburst amacrine cells, a type of retinal interneuron. The mechanisms of establishment and regulation of this selective connection are unknown. Here, we report that in the rat retina, the morphology, physiology of the ON-OFF DSGCs and the circuitry for coding motion directions develop normally with pharmacological blockade of GABAergic, cholinergic activity and/or action potentials for over two weeks from birth. With recent results demonstrating light independent formation of the retinal DS circuitry, our results strongly suggest the formation of the circuitry, i.e., the connections between the second and third order neurons in the visual system, can be genetically programmed, although emergence of direction selectivity in the visual cortex appears to require visual experience.
Change in prevalence of hearing loss in US adolescents.

CONTEXT Hearing loss is common and, in young persons, can compromise social development, communication skills, and educational achievement. OBJECTIVE To examine the current prevalence of hearing loss in US adolescents and determine whether it has changed over time. DESIGN Cross-sectional analyses of US representative demographic and audiometric data from the 1988 through 1994 and 2005 through 2006 time periods. SETTING The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988-1994, and NHANES 2005-2006. PARTICIPANTS NHANES III examined 2928 participants and NHANES 2005-2006 examined 1771 participants, aged 12 to 19 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We calculated the prevalence of hearing loss in participants aged 12 to 19 years after accounting for the complex survey design. Audiometrically determined hearing loss was categorized as either unilateral or bilateral for low frequency (0.5, 1, and 2 kHz) or high frequency (3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz), and as slight loss (> 15 to < 25 dB) or mild or greater loss (> or = 25 dB) according to hearing sensitivity in the worse ear. The prevalence of hearing loss from NHANES 2005-2006 was compared with the prevalence from NHANES III (1988-1994). We also examined the cross-sectional relations between several potential risk factors and hearing loss. Logistic regression was used to calculate multivariate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The prevalence of any hearing loss increased significantly from 14.9% (95% CI, 13.0%-16.9%) in 1988-1994 to 19.5% (95% CI, 15.2%-23.8%) in 2005-2006 (P = .02). In 2005-2006, hearing loss was more commonly unilateral (prevalence, 14.0%; 95% CI, 10.4%-17.6%, vs 11.1%; 95% CI, 9.5%-12.8% in 1988-1994; P = .005) and involved the high frequencies (prevalence, 16.4%; 95% CI, 13.2%-19.7%, vs 12.8%; 95% CI, 11.1%-14.5% in 1988-1994; P = .02). Individuals from families below the federal poverty threshold (prevalence, 23.6%; 95% CI, 18.5%-28.7%) had significantly higher odds of hearing loss (multivariate adjusted OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.10-2.32) than those above the threshold (prevalence, 18.4%; 95% CI, 13.6%-23.2%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of hearing loss among a sample of US adolescents aged 12 to 19 years was greater in 2005-2006 compared with 1988-1994.
Plasma Levels of Thiopental Necessary for Anesthesia

This study determined the plasma levels of thiopental necessary for anesthesia in human patients. In Group I, corneal reflex (CR) and trapezius muscle response (TMR) showed highly significant correlations (P < 0.001) with response to surgical stimulation, the usual measure of MAC, in patients anesthetized with nitrous oxide, 67 per cent, and thiopental. Losses of CR and TMR were then used to measure the plasma levels of thiopental necessary for anesthesia. In Group II, anesthesia was induced in 36 informed patients with thiopental, 2–2.5 nig/kg, and maintained with a constant infusion of 1–1.5 mg/kg/min, a rate chosen to give a slowly increasing arterial blood level of thiopental. Total and free (unbound) arterial plasma thiopental levels were measured by gas chromatography at losses of eyelid reflex (ER), CR, and TMR.For CR loss, thiopental requirements were 39.4 ± 2.5 μg/ml (mean ± SE) for total plasma thiopental and 5.9 ± 0.4 μg/ml for free plasma thiopental. For TMR loss, thiopental requirements were 42.4 ± 2.8 μg/ml for total plasma thiopental and 6.3 ± 0.6 μg/ml for free plasma thiopental. Nitrous oxide, 67 per cent, decreased these requirements 67–71 per cent. Age, sex, and weight of the patient and serum albumin level had little effect on thiopental requirements. Mean percentage of free thiopental was 14.4 ± 0.3 per cent of total. It is concluded that: 1) losses of corneal reflex, trapezius muscle response, and response to surgical stimulation all define essentially the same depth of thiopental anesthesia; 2) total plasma thiopental levels of 39–42 μg/ml and free plasma thiopental levels of 5.9–6.3 μg/ml produce surgical anesthesia in human subjects.
On Fixed-Parameter Tractability of Some Routing Problems

Disjoint Paths is the problem of finding paths between given p airs of terminals in a graph such that no vertices are shared between paths. We analyze fixed-param eter tractability of several new Disjoint Paths-like routing problems motivated by congestion contr ol in computer networks. In one model we are interested in finding paths between k pairs of terminals such that the first edge of each path is not shared with any other path. We prove that th is problem is fixed-parameter tractable on directed graphs, in contrast to Disjoint Paths that are know n to be NP-hard even for k = 2. We improve our algorithm for two special cases: when the graph is acycli and when all sources lie in distinct nodes. We consider extensions: a second-node-disjoint analog and a slightly generalized version of SAT. Another model, bottleneck-edge-disjoint paths, is a gener alization of Disjoint Paths. For directed acyclic graphs, we show that bottleneck-edge-disjoint pat hs isW [1]-hard and hence unlikely to be fixedparameter tractable. We give an algorithm that runs in time nO(k). These two results easily extend to Unsplittable Flows.
Forward flight of swallowtail butterfly with simple flapping motion

Unlike other flying insects, the wing motion of swallowtail butterflies is basically limited to flapping because their fore wings partly overlap their hind wings, structurally restricting the feathering needed for active control of aerodynamic force. Hence, it can be hypothesized that the flight of swallowtail butterflies is realized with simple flapping, requiring little feedback control of the feathering angle. To verify this hypothesis, we fabricated an artificial butterfly mimicking the wing motion and wing shape of a swallowtail butterfly and analyzed its flights using images taken with a high-speed video camera. The results demonstrated that stable forward flight could be realized without active feathering or feedback control of the wing motion. During the flights, the artificial butterfly's body moved up and down passively in synchronization with the flapping, and the artificial butterfly followed an undulating flight trajectory like an actual swallowtail butterfly. Without feedback control of the wing motion, the body movement is directly affected by change of aerodynamic force due to the wing deformation; the degree of deformation was determined by the wing venation. Unlike a veinless wing, a mimic wing with veins generated a much higher lift coefficient during the flapping flight than in a steady flow due to the large body motion.
A Bio-Realistic Analog CMOS Cochlea Filter With High Tunability and Ultra-Steep Roll-Off

This paper presents the design and experimental results of a cochlea filter in analog very large scale integration (VLSI) which highly resembles physiologically measured response of the mammalian cochlea. The filter consists of three specialized sub-filter stages which respectively provide passive response in low frequencies, actively tunable response in mid-band frequencies and ultra-steep roll-off at transition frequencies from pass-band to stop-band. The sub-filters are implemented in balanced ladder topology using floating active inductors. Measured results from the fabricated chip show that wide range of mid-band tuning including gain tuning of over 20dB, Q factor tuning from 2 to 19 as well as the bio-realistic center frequency shift are achieved by adjusting only one circuit parameter. Besides, the filter has an ultra-steep roll-off reaching over 300 dB/dec. By changing biasing currents, the filter can be configured to operate with center frequencies from 31 Hz to 8 kHz. The filter is 9th order, consumes 59.5 ~ 90.0 μW power and occupies 0.9 mm2 chip area. A parallel bank of the proposed filter can be used as the front-end in hearing prosthesis devices, speech processors as well as other bio-inspired auditory systems owing to its bio-realistic behavior, low power consumption and small size.
Interrelationships Between Automaticity and Conduction in Purkinje Fibers

Microelectrode studies of transmembrane potentials of canine Purkinje fibers show that phase-4 depolarization causes voltage-dependent changes in conduction and responsiveness similar to those occurring during repolarization at comparable levels of potential. Abnormalities ranged from simple slowing of conduction to decrement, unidirectional and bidirectional block, and unexcitability. Reentrant excitation also developed. Significant conduction disturbances usually appeared at −75 to −70 mv; decrement and advanced block at −65 to −60 mv, or below. Because the threshold potential of normal Purkinje cells is approximately −70 mv, depolarization to lower levels implies shifts in this variable toward 0. Determinations of threshold potential confirm such shifts. It may be further inferred that significant abnormalities would most likely occur in fibers in which threshold potential is shifted toward 0 or membrane responsiveness impaired. Alterations in conduction due to phase-4 depolarization provide a reasonable explanation for various peculiarities of cardiac rhythm, including occurrence of conduction disturbances and reentrant rhythms at low heart rates, exit and entry block about parasystolic foci, instability of peripheral Purkinje pacemaakers, and supernormal conduction. Circumstances that enhance phase-4 depolarization are common in diseased hearts, indicating that this mechanism may be a significant factor in human arrhythmias.
Spectral Modeling of Sub-Mesoscale Mixing Processes in the Ocean

Abstract : The top-level goals of this effort are to apply the QNSE (quasi-normal scale elimination) technique of parameterization of turbulent modeling to represent ocean mixing and to test and validate the emerging QNSE-based models against the data and other models. The new mixing schemes are expected to improve the prediction of the state of the ocean on sub-meso- and meso-scales.
Turbo NOC: A Framework for the Design of Network-on-Chip-Based Turbo Decoder Architectures

This paper proposes a general framework for the design and simulation of network-on-chip-based turbo decoder architectures. Several parameters in the design space are investigated, namely, network topology, parallelism degree, the rate at which messages are sent by processing nodes over the network, and routing strategy. The main results of this analysis are as follows: 1) the most suited topologies to achieve high throughput with a limited complexity overhead are generalized de Bruijn and generalized Kautz topologies and 2) depending on the throughput requirements, different parallelism degrees, message injection rates, and routing algorithms can be used to minimize the network area overhead.
The Open Source Acid Test

In the late 1970s, AT&T openly licensed the source code for its fledgling Unix operating system to universities and government research labs. This move got Bill Joy and Sun Microsystems started and resulted in several other famous open source product developments such as sendmail and BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain). Over the next two decades, Unix took root and became the foundation for several prominent computer companies such as Sun Microsystems, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and SCO (Santa Cruz Operation). You can safely argue that Unix is partially responsible for the Internet as well, and it has certainly been instrumental in stimulating CAD/CAM software, chip design automation, and other technologies fundamental to computing. By literally giving away the source code-with restrictions-AT&T seeded several industries. Open source is the latest in a long line of fads that promise a software development panacea. The author considers whether it can survive the acid test of mainstream viability in the context of Linux.