Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Observer Design for the State of Charge of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract As rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are widely used in many applications nowadays, how to accurately evaluate the battery's state of charge(SOC) becomes a more and more important issue. A new method for estimating the SOC of lithium-ion batteries based on an inclusive equivalent circuit model is proposed in this paper. To the best of our knowledge, the parameters in the model are usually considered as constants to simplify the problem of the SOC estimation, which may lead to some estimation error. In order to get more accurate estimation results, the capacitances and resistances in the battery model are considered as nonlinear functions of the SOC and the temperature of the battery. The resistances also depend on the battery's charging or discharging mode. Nonlinear relationship between the open circuit voltage(OCV) and the SOC is considered and a nonlinear observer is designed to estimate the inner characteristics of the battery. Lyapunov stability analysis is utilized to prove its performance and simulation results are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.
Pregnancy After Uterine Rupture: A Report of 5 Cases and a Review of the Literature

Management and outcome of 5 cases of pregnancy after uterine rupture are discussed. All women in these cases were delivered by cesarean delivery and no repeat ruptures occurred. After reviewing the literature, it is concluded that women with a previous uterine rupture have a favorable outcome in a subsequent pregnancy. With a rupture in a lower segment scar, an elective cesarean delivery should be performed before labor starts after assessing fetal lung maturity or administration of corticosteroids. Target Audience: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians Learning Objectives: After completion of this article, the reader should be able to describe the risk associated with a subsequent pregnancy after a previous uterine rupture, summarize the complications of uterine rupture during a subsequent pregnancy, and to list the treatment plans for a patient in a subsequent pregnancy after uterine rupture.
Analysis of synergistic and antagonistic effects of TCM: Cases on diabetes and insomnia

Herbal Medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) relies on interactions between ingredients of a prescription. The combination is chosen to promote desirable interactions. Analysing these interactions is important in quantitatively analysing effects of TCM on patient outcomes. The concept of interactions has not been adequately formulated before due to the ambiguity of “interaction” and the need to go beyond traditional quantitative methods for analysis. In this working paper, we present an exploratory analysis of clinical records using an interaction pattern mining approach. We present the most significant interactions found with a summary of clinical significance. Our experimental evaluation confirms this approach is able to detect effective high-order herb-herb interactions in TCM datasets. The interaction mining approach can be a potentially useful technique for discovering interactions not detected by other techniques. The results have implications for better understanding of the mechanisms of action and overall system effects.
Nutritional interactions between two suspected periodontopathogens, Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis

A mutual symbiotic enhancement of growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola is described in this report. Brain heart infusion broth supplemented with vitamin K did not support the individual growth of P. gingivalis or T. denticola. However, when inoculated as a mixture, both bacterial species did grow significantly. The growth-stimulating factors produced by P. gingivalis and T. denticola were dialyzable and heat stable and were further identified as isobutyric acid and succinic acid, respectively. Since some forms of periodontal disease are associated with the presence, in affected sites, of high numbers of P. gingivalis and spirochetes, it is suggested that the bacterial interaction described in this report might be of utmost importance in the initiation and progression of the disease.
Phase II study of the MEK1/MEK2 inhibitor Trametinib in patients with metastatic BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma previously treated with or without a BRAF inhibitor.

PURPOSE BRAF mutations promote melanoma cell proliferation and survival primarily through activation of MEK. The purpose of this study was to determine the response rate (RR) for the selective, allosteric MEK1/MEK2 inhibitor trametinib (GSK1120212), in patients with metastatic BRAF-mutant melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was an open-label, two-stage, phase II study with two cohorts. Patients with metastatic BRAF-mutant melanoma previously treated with a BRAF inhibitor (cohort A) or treated with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy (BRAF-inhibitor naive; cohort B) were enrolled. Patients received 2 mg of trametinib orally once daily. RESULTS In cohort A (n = 40), there were no confirmed objective responses and 11 patients (28%) with stable disease (SD); the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 1.8 months. In cohort B (n = 57), there was one (2%) complete response, 13 (23%) partial responses (PRs), and 29 patients (51%) with SD (confirmed RR, 25%); the median PFS was 4.0 months. One patient each with BRAF K601E and BRAF V600R had prolonged PR. The most frequent treatment-related adverse events for all patients were skin-related toxicity, nausea, peripheral edema, diarrhea, pruritis, and fatigue. No cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma was observed. CONCLUSION Trametinib was well tolerated. Significant clinical activity was observed in BRAF-inhibitor-naive patients previously treated with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. Minimal clinical activity was observed as sequential therapy in patients previously treated with a BRAF inhibitor. Together, these data suggest that BRAF-inhibitor resistance mechanisms likely confer resistance to MEK-inhibitor monotherapy. These data support further evaluation of trametinib in BRAF-inhibitor-naive BRAF-mutant melanoma, including rarer forms of BRAF-mutant melanoma.
Mobile User Drop Out Ratio Observation with Time zone and Day-of-week Regularity Analysis

The mobile Internet fills the gap between 24-hour user behavior and Internet clickstreams. The mobile-Internet specific methodology to capture the user behavior characteristics is on the hot research agenda. The long-term stability of the mobile user behavior characteristics is still unexplored. The author proposes a method to identify the user behavior patterns using transition pattern clustering over a long span of time. The author gives an exploratory analysis to find best-fit threshold value to identify regular user behaviors with a 3-month transition patterns. From this observation, the day-of-week behavior gives better indication compared to that of time zone-based one.
Low complexity and low power multiplierless FIR filter implementation

For the implementation of multiplierless FIR filters, the product accumulation block (PAB) in the transposed direct form (TDF) structure has been ignored for a long time. In this work, the hardware complexity and power consumption of the PAB is investigated. It is shown that the PAB contributes the majority of hardware complexity and power consumption in multiplierless FIR filter circuits. Implementation methods for the PAB are proposed to reduce the overall hardware complexity or power consumption of multiplierless FIR filters. Experimental results show that the overall hardware complexity and power consumption can be reduced significantly.
Three-phase induction motor dynamic mathematical model considering air-gap irregularities

The non-inclusion of the air-gap irregularities in the three-phase induction machine dynamic model causes the elimination of the electromagnetic torque oscillation around a mean value. Usually this phenomenon is due to the rotor eccentricity. In this paper it supposes that the rotor presents elliptical or egg-shaped form as it really happens. In this regard, it is proposed an analytical formulation of the phenomenon and this formulation is extended also to the analysis of non-circularities in the stator surface. Experimental results are compared with simulated ones. From those results it was verified that the developed model can reproduce with good accuracy the oscillation of the electromagnetic torque.
A Multivariate Non-stationary Approach for Financial Returns with Nonparametric Heteroscedasticity

A non-stationary regression model for financial returns is examined theoretically. Volatility dynamics are modeled by nonparametric curve estimation on equidistant return vectors. We prove consistency and asymptotic normality of symmetric estimators and of one-sided estimators for variances and covariance matrices analytically, and derive remarks on kernels and bandwidths. Further attention is paid to asymmetry and heavy tails of returns, captured by an asymmetric Pearson type VII distribution for random residuals. Using a method of moments for its parameter estimation and a Student-t connection, a factor-based VaR implementation is derived. The approximation quality of the non-stationary approach is supported by simulation studies.
On Some Patterns in International Tourist Flows

or some of the years from 1948 through 1966, the rate of growth appears to be even more rapid, see Table 1.1 In view of its great and increasing economic import, the probable signficance of tourism in diffusing information and attitudes, and its even greater future potential for modifying patterns of migration, balance of payments, land use, and general socioeconomic structure with the introduction of third-generation jet transport and other innovations in travel, it is startling to discover how little attention the circulation of tourists
Neural Person Search Machines

We investigate the problem of person search in the wild in this work. Instead of comparing the query against all candidate regions generated in a query-blind manner, we propose to recursively shrink the search area from the whole image till achieving precise localization of the target person, by fully exploiting information from the query and contextual cues in every recursive search step. We develop the Neural Person Search Machines (NPSM) to implement such recursive localization for person search. Benefiting from its neural search mechanism, NPSM is able to selectively shrink its focus from a loose region to a tighter one containing the target automatically. In this process, NPSM employs an internal primitive memory component to memorize the query representation which modulates the attention and augments its robustness to other distracting regions. Evaluations on two benchmark datasets, CUHK-SYSU Person Search dataset and PRW dataset, have demonstrated that our method can outperform current state-of-the-arts in both mAP and top-1 evaluation protocols.
Renal anoxia and the traumatic uræmia syndrome

IT was the experience of the staff at the R.A. F. Casualty Clearing Station in England that successful surgery was often marred by the onset of urremia which sometimes proved fatal. The Unit was dealing with casualties evacuated by air from Western Europe and only those cases which were unfit to travel further or which required immediate surgery were admitted to hospital. Among 10,000 casualties admitted there were 44 deaths, and in 12 of these cases death was directly due to renal failure. As it was felt that an early report might assist in the recognition of similar cases, full details were published of the first 6 of these fatal cases, and of 2 cases in which renal failure was recognized clinically, and which recovered (Darmady et al., 1944). Biochemical investigations were continued and the present report deals with a further 6 cases of fatal traumatic ursemia and 3 more cases of urremia with recovery. I t is clear that the biochemical course of all the cases and the histological changes found post rnortem in the fatal cases are sufficiently similar to warrant the assumption that some common factor was operative in producing the uraemia.
Reduction of the putative CD44+CD24− breast cancer stem cell population by targeting the polyamine metabolic pathway with PG11047

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be of particular concern in cancer as they possess inherent properties of self-renewal and differentiation, along with expressing certain genes related to a mesenchymal phenotype. These features favour the promotion of tumour recurrence and metastasis in cancer patients. Thus, the optimal chemotherapeutic treatment should target the CSC population, either by killing these cells and/or by inducing their transition to a more differentiated epithelial-like phenotype. Experiments were carried out on the trastuzumab-resistant human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing breast cancer cell line JIMT-1 to unravel the chemotherapeutic effects of the polyamine analogue [1N,12N]bis(ethyl)-cis-6,7-dehydrospermine (PG11047) and of the polyamine biosynthetic inhibitor 2-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) on the CD44+CD24− CSC population. Furthermore, effects on the properties of self-renewal and epithelial/mesenchymal markers were also investigated. Treatment with PG11047 reduced the CD44+CD24− subpopulation of JIMT-1 cells by approximately 50%, inhibited and/or reduced self-renewal capability of the CSC population, decreased cell motility and induced expression of mesenchymal to epithelial transition-associated proteins that are involved in promoting an epithelial phenotype. By contrast, DFMO slightly increased the CD44+CD24− subpopulation, increased cell motility and the level of mesenchymal-related proteins. DFMO treatment reduced the self-renewal capability of the CSC population. Both PG11047 and DFMO reduced the expression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 protein, which is correlated to malignancy and resistance to trastuzumab in JIMT-1 cells. Our findings indicate that treatment with PG11047 targeted the CSC population by interfering with several stem cell-related properties, such as self-renewal, differentiation, motility and the mesenchymal phenotype.
Simultaneous measurement of strain (to 2000 /spl mu//spl epsiv/) and temperature (to 600/spl deg/C) using a combined Sb-Er-Ge-codoped fiber-fluorescence and grating-based technique

An optical fiber-based sensing scheme for the simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature over a wider range has been demonstrated by writing a grating with very high reflectivity in a 10-cm-long specially fabricated antimony-erbium-germanium (Sb-Er-Ge)-doped silica fiber. The scheme exploits the grating sensitivity to both strain and temperature in association with the temperature-dependent peak power ratio of the two fluorescence peaks around 1535 and 1552 nm of the amplified spontaneous emission due to /sup 4/I/sub 13/2//spl rarr//sup 4/I/sub 15/2/ transition arising from the presence of erbium ions in the fiber core, using a 980-nm laser diode as a pumping source. The sensor created using this fiber can be used for the simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature over the wide ranges of 0-2000 /spl mu//spl epsiv/ and 20/spl deg/C-600/spl deg/C, with root-mean-square errors of 36 /spl mu//spl epsiv/ and 2.8/spl deg/C, respectively.
A heuristic algorithm for the auto-carrier loading problem

This paper studies the auto-carrier loading problem (ACLP) formulated as an integer mathematical programming model in which the associated objective function seeks to minimise the total number of reloads along the scheduled auto-carrier route. This study makes necessary modification of the previous Agbegha et al.'s (1998) formulation. A heuristic algorithm is then proposed and demonstrated in detail with nine instances that have appeared in the literature. The nine instances are the various loading results for examples assigning vehicles on different auto-carrier configurations and, for each configuration, taking into consideration constraints imposed by different types of vehicle. Computational experiments indicate that the proposed heuristic algorithm is superior to Agbegha et al.'s (1998) method by obtaining better or at least the same quality solutions.
Towards a Theoretical Model of Seasonal Tourist Consumption Behaviour

ABSTRACT This paper explores seasonality in tourism from the specific point of view of consumer behaviour. The suggested conceptual approach combines research in seasonality in tourism with the leisure constraints theory. From this synergic research perspective, an extensive literature review explores the main determinants of seasonal tourism consumption behaviour. The aim of the study is the development of an original theoretical model that contributes to explain the seasonal behaviour of tourists, integrating its most relevant determinants, with a particular focus on those of a psychosocial character. The new model re-equates the—in diverse studies distinctly discussed—seasonality determinants, classifying them as interpersonal and intrapersonal antecedents and structural factors, with a focus on demand rather than supply for explaining seasonality at destinations. Leisure constraints theory inspires this classification, leading to a comprehensive theoretical proposal. Complementarily, a set of theoretical hypotheses are suggested in the scope of an original model novel in its complexity and combination of diverse research streams, in a highly relevant field of tourism research, which still lacks a more comprehensive and systematic framework of analysis.
Is there still room for large registrative trials in unselected cancer patients? The case of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer

Necitumumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against EGFR, is currently under development as a treatment for advanced NSCLC. Two Phase III randomized trials are ongoing, testing the addition of necitumumab to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. In the same setting, cetuximab produced a statistically significant but clinically modest benefit in the whole study population, and no solid data have been produced about predictive factors of efficacy. Will the difference in structure between the two antibodies be enough to obtain a clinically relevant advantage, making real progress in the treatment of advanced NSCLC? Large Phase III trials in unselected patients risk demonstrating statistically significant results with debatable clinical relevance in the whole population, and the study of predictive factors is often left to subgroup analysis performed after the conduction of the trial. We do not need further ‘me-too’ drugs, or drugs that produce a small benefit in the unselected population. On the contrary, the oncologic community needs drugs to be used with a proper selection of patients, to obtain larger, relevant benefits in molecularly characterized subgroups. Final results of randomized trials with necitumumab in advanced NSCLC are expected in a couple of years.
TorsinA and dystonia: from nuclear envelope to synapse

A GAG deletion in the DYT1 gene is responsible for the autosomal dominant movement disorder, early onset primary torsion dystonia, which is characterised by involuntary sustained muscle contractions and abnormal posturing of the limbs. The mutation leads to deletion of a single glutamate residue in the C‐terminus of the protein torsinA, a member of the AAA+ ATPase family of proteins with multiple functions. Since no evidence of neurodegeneration has been found in DYT1 patients, the dystonic phenotype is likely to be the result of neuronal functional defect(s), the nature of which is only partially understood. Biochemical, structural and cell biological studies have been performed in order to characterise torsinA. These studies, together with the generation of several animal models, have contributed to identify cellular compartments and pathways, including the cytoskeleton and the nuclear envelope, the secretory pathway and the synaptic vesicle machinery where torsinA function may be crucial. However, the role of torsinA and the correlation between the dysfunction caused by the mutation and the dystonic phenotype remain unclear. This review provides an overview of the findings of the last ten years of research on torsinA, a critical evaluation of the different models proposed and insights towards future avenues of research.
A CMOS-Process-Compatible Low-Voltage Junction-FET With Adjustable Pinch-Off Voltage

A novel horizontal n-channel junction field-effect transistor (n-JFET) device is proposed and verified in a 0.25-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> bulk CMOS process. This horizontal JFET consists of alternating n- and p-regions formed by using the P-type electro-static discharge (ESD) implantation. P-type ESD implantation has been an optional and commonly well supported process step by most of foundries to improve ESD robustness of the I/O devices. Device parameters such as the pinch-off voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{P}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and the zero-bias drain current (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I} _{{\mathsf {DS0}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of the proposed n-JFET device can be modified by adjusting the P+ separation (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$L$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in the layout. With the adjustable pinch-off voltages, this device can be used for different circuit applications. The 2-D device simulations with technology computer aided design are used to analyze the depletion region and to verify the pinch-off voltage under different L values. The pinch-off voltage remains almost unchanged with the temperature variations. In addition, SPICE simulation results show good agreement with the experimental silicon (Si) data in term of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I} _{D}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{D}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${I} _{D}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>–<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{G}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.