Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Atypical endometrial hyperplasia treatment with progestogens and gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues: long-term follow-up.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRH-a) in combination with high-dose progestogens in the treatment of atypical endometrial hyperplasia in selected surgical high-risk patients and in women desiring reproductive potential. We hypothesized that this therapy is effective for most couples. METHODS In the Department of Gynecology of a university hospital, a conservative treatment was offered to a series of 22 patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia who had a surgical or anesthetic risk history or wished to preserve their fertility potential. After informed consent, they were treated with 500 mg norethisterone acetate weekly for 3 months and 3.75 mg Triptorelin depot every month for 6 months. Three patients failed to complete the study, so the group finally consisted of 19 subjects. They were prospectively followed for 5 years by hysteroscopy and multiple selected biopsies every 6 months. RESULTS At a 5-year follow-up, regression was noted in 16 patients (84.2%), persistence in 1 (5.1%), recurrence in 1 (5.1%), and progression in 1 (5.1%). CONCLUSION Consistent with our hypothesis, combined treatment with progestogens and GnRH-a is an effective alternative in selected patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia.
Comparison of soil greenhouse gas fluxes from extensive and intensive grazing in a temperate maritime climate

Greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from a seminatu- ral, extensively sheep-grazed drained moorland and inten- sively sheep-grazed fertilised grassland in South East (SE) Scotland were compared over 4 yr (2007-2010). Nitrous ox- ide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes were measured by static chambers, respiration from soil plus ground vegeta- tion by a flow-through chamber, and the net ecosystem ex- change (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO2) by eddy-covariance. All GHG fluxes displayed high temporal and interannual variability. Temperature, radiation, water table height and precipitation could explain a significant percentage of sea- sonal and interannual variations. Greenhouse gas fluxes were dominated by the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 at both sites. Net ecosystem exchange of CO2 and respiration was much larger on the productive fertilised grassland ( 1567 and 7157 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 , respectively) than on the semi- natural moorland ( 267 and 2554 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 , respec- tively). Large ruminant CH4 (147 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 ) and soil N2O (384 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 ) losses from the grazed grass- land counteracted the CO2 uptake by 34 %, whereas the small N2O (0.8 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 ) and CH4 (7 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 ) emissions from the moorland only impacted the NEE flux by 3 %. The 4-yr average GHG budget for the grazed grassland was 1034 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1 and 260 g CO2eq m 2 yr 1
Supplementary Information Identification of 17 Metabolites Contributed to the Separation of the Hypoxic and Normoxic Groups

Each NMR spectrum of samples were segmented into 420 chemical shift bins of 0.01 ppm from 0.2 to 4.4. Chemical shift bins were used as variables in principle component analysis (PCA). To search distinct variables contributing separation of hypoxic and normoxic group, samples with 48 hr treatment are chosen to perform PCA. The variables with similar behavior were aggregated in the loading plot of PCA. In contrast, the variables with distinct behavior were out of aggregation (Figure S1). Therefore, Euclidean distances from each variable to the central of all variables were used to determine the contribution to separation of hypoxic and normoxic group. Variances with more than 0.5 standard deviation distance were organized as range of chemical shift with the most distinct expression in hypoxic and normoxic group. For example, chemical shifts 1.17~1.21 consisted of 5 bins (1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 1.20 and 1.21). The potentially peak regions were marked out by setting a threshold of significant level.
The B30.2(SPRY) Domain of the Retroviral Restriction Factor TRIM5α Exhibits Lineage-Specific Length and Sequence Variation in Primates

ABSTRACT Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are composed of RING, B-box 2, and coiled coil domains. Some TRIM proteins, such as TRIM5α, also possess a carboxy-terminal B30.2(SPRY) domain and localize to cytoplasmic bodies. TRIM5α has recently been shown to mediate innate intracellular resistance to retroviruses, an activity dependent on the integrity of the B30.2 domain, in particular primate species. An examination of the sequences of several TRIM proteins related to TRIM5 revealed the existence of four variable regions (v1, v2, v3, and v4) in the B30.2 domain. Species-specific variation in TRIM5α was analyzed by amplifying, cloning, and sequencing nonhuman primate TRIM5 orthologs. Lineage-specific expansion and sequential duplication occurred in the TRIM5α B30.2 v1 region in Old World primates and in v3 in New World monkeys. We observed substitution patterns indicative of selection bordering these particular B30.2 domain variable elements. These results suggest that occasional, complex changes were incorporated into the TRIM5α B30.2 domain at discrete time points during the evolution of primates. Some of these time points correspond to periods during which primates were exposed to retroviral infections, based on the appearance of particular endogenous retroviruses in primate genomes. The results are consistent with a role for TRIM5α in innate immunity against retroviruses.
Semisupervised Support Vector Machines With Tangent Space Intrinsic Manifold Regularization

Semisupervised learning has been an active research topic in machine learning and data mining. One main reason is that labeling examples is expensive and time-consuming, while there are large numbers of unlabeled examples available in many practical problems. So far, Laplacian regularization has been widely used in semisupervised learning. In this paper, we propose a new regularization method called tangent space intrinsic manifold regularization. It is intrinsic to data manifold and favors linear functions on the manifold. Fundamental elements involved in the formulation of the regularization are local tangent space representations, which are estimated by local principal component analysis, and the connections that relate adjacent tangent spaces. Simultaneously, we explore its application to semisupervised classification and propose two new learning algorithms called tangent space intrinsic manifold regularized support vector machines (TiSVMs) and tangent space intrinsic manifold regularized twin SVMs (TiTSVMs). They effectively integrate the tangent space intrinsic manifold regularization consideration. The optimization of TiSVMs can be solved by a standard quadratic programming, while the optimization of TiTSVMs can be solved by a pair of standard quadratic programmings. The experimental results of semisupervised classification problems show the effectiveness of the proposed semisupervised learning algorithms.
Visual query attributes suggestion

Query suggestion is an effective solution to help users deliver their search intent. While many query suggestion approaches have been proposed for test-based image retrieval with query-by-keywords, query suggestion for content-based image retrieval (CBIR) with query-by-example (QBE) has been seldom studied. QBE usually suffers from the "intention gap" problem, especially when the user fails to get an appropriate query image to express his search intention precisely. In this paper, we propose a novel query suggestion scheme named Visual Query Attributes Suggestion (VQAS) for image search with QBE. Given a query image, informative attributes are suggested to the user as complements to the query. These attributes reflect the visual properties and key components of the query. By selecting some suggested attributes, the user can provide more precise search intent which is not captured by the query image. The evaluation results on two real-world image datasets show the effectiveness of VQAS in terms of retrieval performance and the quality of query suggestions.
Association of Seat Height and Arm Position on the Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test Times of Stroke Survivors

Objectives. To investigate (1) the association of seat height and (2) the association of arm position on the five times sit-to-stand test (FTSTS) times of individuals with stroke. Design. A cross-sectional study. Setting. University-based rehabilitation centre. Subjects. Patients (n = 43) with chronic stroke. Methods. The times in completing the FTSTS with different seat height (85%, 100%, and 115% knee height) and arm positions (arms across chest, hands on thighs). Results. FTSTS times were significantly different between 85% and 100% seat heights, and between the 85% and 115% seat heights in both arm positions. However, there was no significant difference between the FTSTS times with the two arm positions at any seat height tested. Conclusion. Seat heights lower than the knee height result in longer FTSTS times, whereas arms positions did not significantly affect the FTSTS times.
Videoconferencing in child and adolescent telepsychiatry: a systematic review of the literature

A systematic review of child and adolescent telepsychiatry was conducted. It was based on a search of the electronic databases MEDLINE and PsycINFO covering the period 1966 to June 2003. Studies were selected for review if they concerned videoconferencing for patient care or consultation, evaluated a clinical service or education, or assessed satisfaction with videoconferences. Twenty-seven articles were identified that fulfilled the selection criteria. These comprised two reports of randomized controlled experiments, 10 of descriptive questionnaire studies or observational surveys, seven case studies and eight other reports. Only three of the studies presented some calculations of cost-effectiveness. When classified by 'Quality of Evidence' criteria, only two studies were in category I (the highest), one was in II-2 and the rest fell into category III (the lowest). Most studies of child and adolescent telepsychiatry examined satisfaction with videoconferencing or described programmes or care regimens. Videoconferencing seemed to improve the accessibility of services and served an educational function. Some papers also mentioned savings in time, costs and travel. Problems with non-verbal communication and the audiovisual quality of the videoconference were mentioned as drawbacks. Telepsychiatry therefore seems to offer several benefits, at least in sparsely populated regions. Well designed and properly controlled trials are required to evaluate the clinical value of this promising method in child psychiatry, where there is a constantly increasing need for services.
Two Distinct Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Phenotypes Are Associated with High Risk of Mortality

Rationale In COPD patients, mortality risk is influenced by age, severity of respiratory disease, and comorbidities. With an unbiased statistical approach we sought to identify clusters of COPD patients and to examine their mortality risk. Methods Stable COPD subjects (n = 527) were classified using hierarchical cluster analysis of clinical, functional and imaging data. The relevance of this classification was validated using prospective follow-up of mortality. Results The most relevant patient classification was that based on three clusters (phenotypes). Phenotype 1 included subjects at very low risk of mortality, who had mild respiratory disease and low rates of comorbidities. Phenotype 2 and 3 were at high risk of mortality. Phenotype 2 included younger subjects with severe airflow limitation, emphysema and hyperinflation, low body mass index, and low rates of cardiovascular comorbidities. Phenotype 3 included older subjects with less severe respiratory disease, but higher rates of obesity and cardiovascular comorbidities. Mortality was associated with the severity of airflow limitation in Phenotype 2 but not in Phenotype 3 subjects, and subjects in Phenotype 2 died at younger age. Conclusions We identified three COPD phenotypes, including two phenotypes with high risk of mortality. Subjects within these phenotypes may require different therapeutic interventions to improve their outcome.
Use of a Virus-Encoded Enzymatic Marker Reveals that a Stable Fraction of Memory B Cells Expresses Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen throughout Chronic Gammaherpesvirus Infection

ABSTRACT An integral feature of gammaherpesvirus infections is the ability to establish lifelong latency in B cells. During latency, the viral genome is maintained as an extrachomosomal episome, with stable maintenance in dividing cells mediated by the viral proteins Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) for Epstein-Barr virus and latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. It is believed that the expression of episome maintenance proteins is turned off in the predominant long-term latency reservoir of resting memory B cells, suggesting that chronic gammaherpesvirus infection is primarily dormant. However, the kinetics of LANA/EBNA-1 expression in individual B-cell subsets throughout a course of infection has not been examined. The infection of mice with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68, γHV68) provides a model to determine the specific cellular and molecular events that occur in vivo during lifelong gammaherpesvirus latency. In work described here, we make use of a heterologously expressed enzymatic marker to define the types of B cells that express the LANA homolog (mLANA) during chronic MHV68 infection. Our data demonstrate that mLANA is expressed in a stable fraction of B cells throughout chronic infection, with a prominent peak at 28 days. The expression of mLANA was detected in naïve follicular B cells, germinal-center B cells, and memory B cells throughout infection, with germinal-center and memory B cells accounting for more than 80% of the mLANA-expressing cells during the maintenance phase of latency. These findings suggest that the maintenance phase of latency is an active process that involves the ongoing proliferation or reseeding of latently infected memory B cells.
Réactions parentales face aux émotions de leur enfant d'âge préscolaire et liens avec leur théorie de l'esprit

Notre projet de recherche a pour objectif d'etudier comment la "Socialisation Parentale des Emotions" (Parental Socialization of Emotions, PSE, Eisenberg, Cumberland & Spinrad, 1998) et/ou de Regulation Emotionnelle (Morris, Silk, Steinberg, Myers & Robinson, 2007) peut-elle avoir un impact sur les competences socio-emotionnelles d'enfants a developpement typique et atypique. Parmi les variables de la PSE, cette premiere etude se focalise specifiquement sur les reactions parentales face aux emotions de leur enfant et examine comment ces reactions viennent soutenir chez les enfants la comprehension des emotions et des croyances (Theorie de l'esprit, Theory of Mind, ToM). Cette premiere etude est menee aupres d'enfants tout-venant de niveau prescolaire (n = 100). Nous avons administre aux enfants la " ToM-emotions " et la " ToM-croyances " (Nader-Grosbois & Thirion-Marissiaux, 2011) afin d'evaluer leurs competences en ToM. Les parents ont complete certains questionnaires : Questionnaire de Reactions Parentales face aux Emotions Positives et Negatives (Daffe & Nader-Grosbois, 2009, inspire par CCNES, Fabes, Poulin, Eisenberg & Madden-Derdich, 2002; et par QREPEP, Ladouceur, Reid & Jacques, 2002), et l'Inventaire de la Theorie de l'esprit (The Theory of Mind Inventory, TOMI, Hutchins, Prelock & Bonazinga, 2010). Dans un premier temps, nous analysons la variabilite des reactions " soutenantes " (encouragement a l'expression des emotions, reconfort, strategies centrees sur la resolution de probleme) ou " non soutenantes " (minimisation des emotions, detresse, punition) des meres et des peres face aux emotions selon le sexe de l'enfant et son âge. Dans un deuxieme temps, nous etudions les liens avec les capacites de l'enfant en ToM. Nos premiers resultats montrent qu'il y a des relations positives et significatives entre les reactions parentales " soutenantes " face aux emotions de leur enfant et leurs competences en ToM. Un design similaire sera utilise dans de prochaines etudes avec des enfants a developpement atypique (presentant une deficience intellectuelle ou un trouble autistique).
A Single Mutation in the Glycophorin A Binding Site of Hepatitis A Virus Enhances Virus Clearance from the Blood and Results in a Lower Fitness Variant

ABSTRACT Hepatitis A virus (HAV) has previously been reported to bind to human red blood cells through interaction with glycophorin A. Residue K221 of VP1 and the surrounding VP3 residues are involved in such an interaction. This capsid region is specifically recognized by the monoclonal antibody H7C27. A monoclonal antibody-resistant mutant with the mutation G1217D has been isolated. In the present study, the G1217D mutant was characterized physically and biologically in comparison with the parental HM175 43c strain. The G1217D mutant is more sensitive to acid pH and binds more efficiently to human and rat erythrocytes than the parental 43c strain. In a rat model, it is eliminated from serum more rapidly and consequently reaches the liver with a certain delay compared to the parental 43c strain. In competition experiments performed in vivo in the rat model, the G1217D mutant was efficiently outcompeted by the parental 43c strain. Only in the presence of antibodies reacting specifically with the parental 43c strain could the G1217D mutant outcompete the parental 43c strain in serum, although the latter still showed a remarkable ability to reach the liver. Altogether, these results indicate that the G1217D mutation induces a low fitness phenotype which could explain the lack of natural antigenic variants of the glycophorin A binding site.
Perception-Response Time to Unexpected Roadway Hazards

Perception-response (PR) time, the time from the first sighting of an obstacle until the driver applies the brakes, is an important component of stopping sight distance. The purpose of this study was to measure the PR time of unalerted subjects to an obstacle in their lane encountered while cresting a hill. Data were obtained from 64 subjects, of whom 49 were young and 15 older. Measures were made of the time from first sighting of the obstacle until the accelerator was released, as well as accelerator-to-brake time. The results indicate a 95th percentile PR time of about 1.6 s for both age groups.
Designing a Citation-Sensitive Research Tool: An Initial Study of Browsing-Specific Information Needs

Practitioners and researchers need to stay up-to-date with the latest advances in their fields, but the constant growth in the amount of literature available makes this task increasingly difficult. We investigated the literature browsing task via a user requirements analysis, and identified the information needs that biomedical researchers commonly encounter in this application scenario. Our analysis reveals that a number of literature-based research tasks are preformed which can be served by both generic and contextually tailored preview summaries. Based on this study, we describe the design of an implemented literature browsing support tool which helps readers of scientific literature decide whether or not to pursue and read a cited document. We present findings from a preliminary user evaluation, suggesting that our prototype helps users make relevance judgements about cited documents.
Hypervisor-based Security Architecture for Validating DNS Services (Poster)

Domain Name System (DNS) is one of the critical services in the current Internet infrastructure. However DNS is vulnerable to a range of attacks. One of the fundamental weaknesses with the existing DNS protocols is that the request and response messages are transmitted on the network as plain text. This paper addresses important threats related to Doman Name System (DNS) using a hypervisor based security architecture. The proposed architecture leverages the hypervisor visibility of the virtual machines' traffic flows to monitor and utilise Virtual Machine Introspection (VMI) techniques to inspect and restore data. It also uses inbuilt snapshot/restore capabilities of the hypervisor to completely restore virtual machines if required. Objective of the proposed architecture is not to actively prevent attacks, but provide a means of identifying different attacks by passively monitoring DNS related conversations coming in and out of virtualised system hosting the DNS. Our model can alert the external monitoring agent(s) or security administrator and actively restore the system if the attack has already compromised the DNS.
Iterating the Pimsner construction

For A a C ∗ -algebra, E1 ,E 2 two Hilbert bimodules over A ,a nd a fixed isomorphism χ : E1 ⊗A E2 → E2 ⊗A E1, we consider the problem of computing the K-theory of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra OE2⊗AOE1 obtained by extending the scalars and by iterating the Pimsner construction. The motivating examples are a commutative diagram of Douglas and Howe for the Toeplitz operators on the quarter plane, and the Toeplitz extensions associated by Pimsner and Voiculescu to compute the K-theory of a crossed product. The applications are for Hilbert bimodules arising from rank two graphs and from commuting endomorphisms of abelian C ∗ -algebras.
Antibiotic Concentrations in Serum, Serum Bactericidal Activity, and Results of Therapy of Streptococcal Endocarditis in Rabbits

The correlation between antibiotic concentrations in serum, serum bactericidal activity, and results of therapy was studied in rabbits with streptococcal endocarditis. Five days of procaine penicillin G reduced bacterial titers to <10 per g in 12 of 14 vegetations in rabbits receiving 75,000 U intramuscularly every 6 h and 10 of 20 in rabbits given 37,500 U. Ten days of 18,750 U every 6 h did not reduce the titers. To test for cure, rabbits were treated with 75,000 U every 6 h for 10 or 20 days and then received no therapy for 7 days. At the end of the 7-day period without therapy, vegetations were sterile in five of five and eight of eight animals, respectively. Rabbits received 37,500 U every 6 h for 5, 10, or 20 days and then no therapy for 7 days, after which vegetations were sterile in one of seven, four of nine, and seven of eight animals, respectively. The median maximal serum bactericidal dilutions at 1 h were 1/16 when 75,000 U of procaine penicillin G was administered, 1/8 to 1/16 with 37,500 U, and 1/4 to 1/8 with 18,750 U. Serum bactericidal activity could not be detected in 50% of the rabbits 6 h after administration of 37,500 U. Cure was related to a median maximal serum bactericidal dilution of at least 1/8 to 1/16 1 h after penicillin administration. A median maximal serum bactericidal dilution of 1/4 to 1/8 resulted in unsuccessful therapy.