Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facilitating the development of school‐based learning networks

Purpose – This paper aims to contribute to the knowledge base on leading and facilitating the growth of school improvement networks by describing the activities and challenges faced by network leaders.Design/methodology/approach – A total of 19 co‐leaders from 12 networks were interviewed using a semi‐structured schedule about the growth of their network, key leadership processes, “tipping points”, structural design and knowledge flow and transfer. Annual review documents were also analysed.Findings – Five leadership activities focused on facilitating networks were identified. These were: “courting” potential partners and developing proposals for networked activity; working for partner alignment and buy‐in into network goals and plans; creating structured opportunities for teachers to work together; embedding networked activity through formalisation and harvesting the knowledge generated by practitioners; and refocusing network efforts. These activities present tensions around negotiating purpose, securin.
Situating and Abandoning Geoengineering: A Typology of Five Responses to Dangerous Climate Change

Geoengineering, the “deliberate, large-scale manipulation of the planetary environment in order to counteract anthropogenic climate change” (Shepherd et al. 2009, 1), is attracting increasing interest. As well as the Royal Society, various scientific and government organizations have produced reports on the potential and challenge of geoengineering as a potential strategy, alongside mitigation and adaptation, to avoid the vast human and environmental costs that climate change is thought to bring (Blackstock et al. 2009; GAO 2010; Long et al. 2011; Rickels et al. 2011). “Geoengineering” covers a diverse range of proposals conventionally divided into carbon dioxide removal (CDR) proposals and solar radiation management (SRM) proposals. This article argues that “geoengineering” should not be regarded as a third category of response to climate change, but should be disaggregated. Technically, CDR and SRM are quite different and discussing them together under the rubric of geoengineering can give the impression that all the technologies in the two categories of response always raise similar challenges and political issues when this is not necessarily the case. However, CDR and SRM should not be completely subsumed into the preexisting categories of mitigation and adaptation. Instead, they can be regarded as two parts of a five-part continuum of responses to climate change. To make this case, the first section of this article discusses whether geoengineering is distinctive, and the second situates CDR and SRM in relation to other responses to climate change.
Recommendations for age‐appropriate education of children and adolescents with diabetes and their parents in the European Union

Education is the keystone of diabetes care, and structured self‐management education is the key to a successful outcome. Existing guidelines provide comprehensive guidance on the various aspects of education and offer general and organizational principles of education, detailed curricula at different ages and stages of diabetes, and recommendations on models, methods, and tools to attain educative objectives. The International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes guidelines give the most elaborate and detailed descriptions and recommendations on the practice of education, which other national guidelines address on specific aspects of education and care. The aim of the work package on education developed by Better Control in Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes in the European Union: Working to Create Centers of Reference (SWEET) project was not to generate new guidelines but to evaluate how the existing guidelines were implemented in some pediatric diabetes reference centers. The SWEET members have completed a questionnaire that elaborates on the many aspects of delivery of education. This survey highlights a profound diversity of practices across centers in Europe, in terms of organization as well as the practices and the content of initial and continuing education. A toolbox is being developed within SWEET to facilitate exchanges on all aspects of education and to establish a process of validation of materials, tools, written structured age‐adjusted programs, and evaluation procedures for the education of children and adolescents with diabetes.
On the evaluation of powers and related problems

2. the sum of two (not necessarily distinct) previously computed vectors is available at a cost of one "step". (which can be regarded as integers); if we have no MULTIPLY instruction in our machine, we must simulate scalar multiplication by addition. (This problem would be more realistic if we allowed negative coefficients, subtractions, and short shifts. These changes would not affect our analysis or results in any significant way.)
Leader Development in Natural Context: A Grounded Theory Approach to Discovering How Military Leaders Grow

Despite an increasing number of programs that aim to develop or educate leaders, the underlying processes involved in leader development or growth are not well understood. This study was undertaken to discover what factors or processes are involved in leader development for junior military officers, from their own perspective and in the natural context of their career and life experiences. Military officers (N = 51) from 5 different countries were interviewed using a standardized approach, and interview transcripts were analyzed according to the constant comparative method of grounded theory, as elaborated by Glaser and Strauss (1967). Consistently across the 5 countries, the core of the process model of leader development is the social interaction between the young officer and his or her significant others (soldiers, peers, and superiors). In the favorable case, officers end this process feeling secure, being able to flexibly adapt their overt behavior on an underdistanced–overdistanced continuum according to situational demands, and have a firm professional identity.
Crowd behavior analysis under cameras network fusion using probabilistic methods

The use of cameras in surveillance is increasing in the last years due to the low cost of the sensor and the requirement by surveillance in public places. However, the manual analysis of this data is impracticable. Thus, automatic and robust methods to processing this high quantity of data are required. This paper proposes a framework to address this problem. The crowd analysis is achieved in camera networks information by using the optical flow. The Hidden Markov models and Bayesian Networks are compared to understand the agents behavior in the scene. The experimental results are obtained for several sequences where fight and robbery occurs. Results are promise in order to get an automatic system to find abnormal events.
The impact of the global financial crisis on employee participation – two German case studies

Purpose - The article aims to explore the link between corporate crises and decisions about employee participation in the context of the global financial crisis (GFC). Design/methodology/approach - The authors complement Weick's sensemaking perspective with some distinctions taken from social systems theory. The paper examines the influence of a communicated corporate crisis on decisions regarding employee participation in two German companies over a two-year period immediately following the outbreak of the GFC. Findings - The meaning of a communicated and enacted corporate crisis sets a company in a state of alert and provokes some distinctive reactions. These include an accentuation of a traditional hierarchical style of decision making and an authoritarian leadership style, some distinctive key personnel changes, and a strong orientation towards senior management. Any reforms of immaterial employee participation are rejected and the institutions that represent employees engage in a passive co-management. Practical implications - The authors’ findings highlight the importance for companies of introducing a formal crisis management system before a crisis occurs, which provides the chance to safeguard a balance of centralization and decentralization in the decision-making process during crises. Originality/value - The study offers some novel insights about the meaning of crisis and of employee participation as well as about how these meanings affect decision-making processes.
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in patients with hyperthyroidism before and after control of thyroid function

Background and Objective Thyroid hormones have pronounced effects on the cardiovascular system. Thyrotoxicosis affects blood pressure (BP), modifying both diastolic (DBP) and systolic (SBP) pressures. There are no studies examining BP with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in hyperthyroidism before and after control of thyroid function. Our aims were (1) to analyse ABPM in a group of normotensive hyperthyroid patients before and after normalizing circulating thyroid hormones and (2) to compare these results with those obtained in a group of euthyroid subjects.
Cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with Williams syndrome: Implications for intervention approaches

Portrayals of individuals with Williams syndrome (WS), a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion of ∼25 genes on chromosome 7q11.23, have reached the general public through a variety of media formats. These descriptions are often paradoxical in nature with individuals with WS repeatedly described as demonstrating near‐normal language despite the presence of significant intellectual disability and as being extremely sociable and friendly in spite of their seemingly limited understanding of basic social norms. While this depiction of WS served to attract the interest of basic‐science researchers, the results of subsequent studies have provided a more nuanced view. For example, rather than across‐the‐board “near‐normal” language, children with WS demonstrate relative strengths in concrete vocabulary and verbal short‐term memory, grammatical abilities at the level expected for general intellectual ability, and considerable weakness in relational/conceptual language and pragmatics (social use of language). To provide a more thorough characterization of the WS behavioral phenotype, we summarize recent findings related to intellectual ability, language development, memory development, executive function development, adaptive behavior skills, and behavior as it relates to learning by children with WS. Finally, we briefly discuss intervention approaches that may help children with WS to achieve their full potential. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical Evaluation of Two Methods for Genotyping Hepatitis C Virus Based on Analysis of the 5′ Noncoding Region

ABSTRACT We compared the performance characteristics of a standardized direct sequencing method (TRUGENE HCV 5′NC; Visible Genetics Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada) and a reverse hybridization line probe assay (INNO-LiPA HCV II; Bayer Corp., Tarrytown, N.Y.) for genotyping of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Both methods are based on detection of sequence heterogeneity in the 5′ noncoding (5′NC) region. Concordance between the genotyping methods was assessed by testing 172 samples representing the six major genotypes. Sequence analysis of the more phylogenetically informative nonstructural 5B (NS5B) region was also done with 148 (86%) samples to confirm the accuracy of and resolve discrepancies between the 5′NC genotyping results. The sensitivities of the methods were assessed by using the 5′NC amplicon from both the qualitative and quantitative AMPLICOR HCV tests (Roche Diagnostics Corp., Indianapolis, Ind.). The ability of the methods to detect mixed-genotype infections was determined with mixtures of two different genotypes at relative concentrations ranging from 1 to 50%. Both 5′NC methods were able to genotype 99.4% of the samples with type agreement for 99.5% and subtype agreement for 68.2% of the samples. No or ambiguous subtype results were found by the line probe assay for 16.5% and by the TRUGENE 5′NC test for 17.1% of the samples. Discrepancies occurred between the line probe assay and NS5B results at the type level for 1.4% of the samples and at the subtype level for 14.2% of the samples. Discrepancies also occurred between the TRUGENE 5′NC and NS5B results at the type level for 2% of the samples and at the subtype level for 8.1% of the samples. We also found two distinct strains of HCV classified as type 2 by analysis of the 5′NC region that were type 1 by analysis of the NS5B region. The sensitivities of the two 5′NC genotyping methods were comparable and dependent on the amplification test used (∼103 IU/ml with the qualitative HCV RNA tests and ∼105 IU/ml with the quantitative HCV RNA tests). Genotype mixtures were successfully identified at a relative concentration of 5% by the line probe assay and 10% by the TRUGENE 5′NC test. In conclusion, the performance characteristics of the 5′NC methods were similar and both methods produced accurate results at the genotype level but neither method should be used for subtyping.
Uma análise sistêmico-funcional do dizer em artigos científicos de graduandos

Verbal processes are the focus of our analysis, which aims at investigating how the act of saying is built up in academic papers by students of Languages and Literature, bearing in mind that the representation of saying is carried by these processes, which materialize "voices" that introduce opinions, ideas and thoughts, in direct and indirect speech. Therefore we aim at investigating, following the principles of Systemic Functional Linguistics, how those students approach this kind of process to build their articles.
Multiple overseas dispersal in amphibians

Amphibians are thought to be unable to disperse over ocean barriers because they do not tolerate the osmotic stress of salt water. Their distribution patterns have therefore generally been explained by vicariance biogeography. Here, we present compelling evidence for overseas dispersal of frogs in the Indian Ocean region based on the discovery of two endemic species on Mayotte. This island belongs to the Comoro archipelago, which is entirely volcanic and surrounded by sea depths of more than 3500 m. This constitutes the first observation of endemic amphibians on oceanic islands that did not have any past physical contact to other land masses. The two species of frogs had previously been thought to be non-endemic and introduced from Madagascar, but clearly represent new species based on their morphological and genetic differentiation. They belong to the genera Mantidactylus and Boophis in the family Mantellidae that is otherwise restricted to Madagascar, and are distinguished by morphology and mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences from mantellid species occurring in Madagascar. This discovery permits us to update and test molecular clocks for frogs distributed in this region. The new calibrations are in agreement with previous rate estimates and indicate two further Cenozoic transmarine dispersal events that had previously been interpreted as vicariance: hyperoliid frogs from Africa to Madagascar (Heterixalus) and from Madagascar to the Seychelles islands (Tachycnemis). Our results provide the strongest evidence so far that overseas dispersal of amphibians exists and is no rare exception, although vicariance certainly retains much of its importance in explaining amphibian biogeography.
A Microstrip Wideband Balun Bandpass Filter with H-shape Resonators

A novel approach to design a Microstrip wide band bandpass filter (BPF) with H-shaped resonators is exhibited in this letter. By using the standing-wave property of voltage conveyance along an open circuited half-wavelength (λ/2) Microstrip transmission line, the out-of-phase signs can be acquired at two yield ports of a balun. In the mean time, appropriate coupling topologies between the open-circuited λ/2 Microstrip transmission line and the multi-mode resonators are designated to accomplish a balun BPF with both attributes of parity balance performance and wideband filtering properties. To validate proposed work, a balun BPF working at 1 GHz with a 3 dB FBW of 30% is simulated and measured. Both the simulation and measurement results of the composed balun BPF with H-shaped resonators are given a decent assertion. Results demonstrate that this balun BPF displays not just a high selectivity filtering execution with two regular transmission zeros (Tzs) of S21 and S31 outside the passbands, additionally a decent adjust execution with 0.5 dB amplitude imbalance and 5° phase imbalance.
Towards an IPsec security GeoNet architecture

In order to connect Vehicle Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) to the Internet, most of manufactures car consortia and standardization bodies (IEEE 1609, CALM, C2C-CC, and ETSI TC ITS) proposed IPv6 protocol in the VANET protocol stack. The European GeoNet project was founded to investigate how GeoNetworking and IPv6 can be combined together. The GeoNetworking provides geographic address and routing for vehicular communications. In this paper, we identify attacks that can be performed on mechanisms and protocols necessary to run IPv6 over the GeoNetworking layer and propose a secure GeoNet architecture based on the IPsec protocol to prevent most of the threats.
Three-Dimensional Fractal Geometry for Gas Permeation in Microchannels

The novel concept of a microfluidic chip with an integrated three-dimensional fractal geometry with nanopores, acting as a gas transport membrane, is presented. The method of engineering the 3D fractal structure is based on a combination of anisotropic etching of silicon and corner lithography. The permeation of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the fractal membrane is measured and validated theoretically. The results show high permeation flux due to low resistance to mass transfer because of the hierarchical branched structure of the fractals, and the high number of the apertures. This approach offers an advantage of high surface to volume ratio and pores in the range of nanometers. The obtained results show that the gas permeation through the nanonozzles in the form of fractal geometry is remarkably enhanced in comparison to the commonly-used polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) dense membrane. The developed chip is envisioned as an interesting alternative for gas-liquid contactors that require harsh conditions, such as microreactors or microdevices, for energy applications.
Next-to-leading order QCD calculations with parton showers. I. Collinear singularities

Programs that calculate observables in quantum chromodynamics at next-to-leading order typically suffer from the problem that, when considered as event generators, the events generated consist of partons rather than hadrons and just a few partons at that. Thus the events generated are completely unrealistic. These programs would be much more useful if the few partons were turned into parton showers, in the style of standard Monte Carlo event generators. Then the parton showers could be given to one of the Monte Carlo event generators to produce hadron showers. We show how to generate parton showers related to the final state collinear singularities of the next-to-leading order perturbative calculation for the example of ${e}^{+}{+e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3\mathrm{jets}. $ The soft singularities are left for a separate publication.
A 1 V CMOS switched-opamp switched-capacitor pseudo-2-path filter

Switched-opamp (SO) techniques are explored to operate switched capacitor (SC) circuits in 1 V supply without on-chip voltage multiplier or low V/sub T/ devices. However, the existing SO techniques require isolating the opamp from the signal path by turning off completely either the entire opamp or its output stages after the integration phase. As a result, these SO techniques cannot be applied to realize the useful SC pseudo-N-path filters, which require an idle phase in the system for further signal processing. A modified SO technique implements an additional switchable opamp in parallel with the original switchable opamp but working in an alternative clock phase. As such, for every clock phase, there exists an opamp that is fully functional in the SC system. With the two switchable opamps both realized in a two-stage approach, it is sufficient to turn off only the output stages to isolate the signal path. The two switchable opamps are further combined to realize a single two-switchable-output-pair opamp to save power and area and to minimize the mismatch. To demonstrate the idea, a 1 V fully differential two-switchable-output-pair opamp is realized in a 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS process with nMOS and nMOS threshold voltages 0.66 V and /spl sim/0.85 V respectively.
Emergency department patient flow: the influence of hospital census variables on emergency department length of stay.

OBJECTIVES The objective was to evaluate the association between hospital census variables and emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS). This may give insights into future strategies to relieve ED crowding. METHODS This multicenter cohort study captured ED LOS and disposition for all ED patients in five hospitals during five 1-week study periods. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to examine associations between ED LOS and various hospital census parameters. RESULTS Data were analyzed on 27,325 patients on 161 study days. A significant positive relationship was demonstrated between median ED LOS and intensive care unit (ICU) census, cardiac telemetry census, and the percentage of ED patients admitted each day. There was no relationship in this cohort between ED LOS and ED volume, total hospital occupancy rate, or the number of scheduled cardiac or surgical procedures. CONCLUSIONS In multiple hospital settings, ED LOS is correlated with the number of admissions and census of the higher acuity nursing units, more so than the number of ED patients each day, particularly in larger hospitals with busier EDs. Streamlining ED admissions and improving availability of inpatient critical care beds may reduce ED LOS.
Cardinality estimation for the optimization of queries on ontologies

An effective, accurate algorithm for cardinality estimation of queries on ontology models of data is presented. The algorithm relies on the decomposition of queries into query pattern paths, where each path produces a set of values for each variable within the result form of the query. In order to estimate the total number of result set parameters for each path, a set of statistics is compiled on the properties of the ontology. Experimental analysis has shown that the algorithm produces estimates with high accuracy and with high correlation to actual values. Thus, this algorithm can be used as the cornerstone of an effective optimization strategy for queries on diverse, heterogeneous data sources modeled as ontologies.