Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Big data issues in smart grid systems

This paper presents a review on smart grids and big data. In order to achieve this, available articles in the literature were reviewed in perception with the features of big data and smart grids. Potential issues for smart grids and big data analytics were discussed. The recent solutions and challenges in smart grids and big data analytics were presented. The technologies used for smart big data analytics were evaluated. The contribution of this article was then presented. The results have been shown that “data” is now a new feature to be added as a main component of power systems.
Geometrical and crystallographic constraints determine the self-organization of shell microstructures in Unionidae (Bivalvia: Mollusca)

Unionid shells are characterized by an outer aragonitic prismatic layer and an inner nacreous layer. The prisms of the outer shell layer are composed of single–crystal fibres radiating from spheruliths. During prism development, fibres progressively recline to the growth front. There is competition between prisms, leading to the selection of bigger, evenly sized prisms. A new model explains this competition process between prisms, using fibres as elementary units of competition. Scanning electron microscopy and X–ray texture analysis show that, during prism growth, fibres become progressively orientated with their three crystallographic axes aligned, which results from geometric constraints and space limitations. Interestingly, transition to the nacreous layer does not occur until a high degree of orientation of fibres is attained. There is no selection of crystal orientation in the nacreous layer and, as a result, the preferential orientation of crystals deteriorates. Deterioration of crystal orientation is most probably due to accumulation of errors as the epitaxial growth is suppressed by thick or continuous organic coats on some nacre crystals. In conclusion, the microstructural arrangement of the unionid shell is, to a large extent, self–organized with the main constraints being crystallographic and geometrical laws.
Delay Fault Testing of Embedded Cores using an Enhanced P1500 Compliant Wrapper

Continual advances in the manufacturing processes of integrated circuits provide designers the ability to create more complex and denser architectures and increased functionality on a single chip. The increased usage of embedded cores necessitates a core-based test strategy in which cores are also tested separately. The IEEE P1500 proposed standard for Embedded Core Test (SECT) is a standard under development which aim is to improve the testing of core-based system chips. This paper deals with the enhancement of the Test Wrapper and Wrapper Cells to provide a structure to be able to test embedded cores for delay faults. This approach allows delay fault testing of cores by using the digital oscillation test method and the help of the enhanced elements while staying compliant to the P1500 standard.
Design and Evaluation of Embodied Conversational Agents: A Proposed Taxonomy

workshop call demonstrates that our field is eager to move beyond first-generation generalist projects, toward a more mature practice. To do so, we seek to set up a common set of expectations and criteria for how to judge our work. In this paper, we propose some subclasses of embodied conversational character research and design, with criteria for describing and evaluating research and design advances in each. We suggest that researchers in this field could benefit from carefully identifying their own areas of expertise and contribution, and then looking for ways to collaborate on standards and share advances within these sub- areas. Presenting results, then, would require making clear the sub-areas addressed by the particular project, with evaluations appropriate to those areas included. We believe this approach can help the research community to clarify contributions, and more easily build a common base of knowledge.
MADS-Box Protein Complexes Control Carpel and Ovule Development in Arabidopsis Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.015123.

The AGAMOUS (AG) gene is necessary for stamen and carpel development and is part of a monophyletic clade of MADS-box genes that also includes SHATTERPROOF1 (SHP1), SHP2, and SEEDSTICK (STK). Here, we show that ectopic expression of either the STK or SHP gene is sufficient to induce the transformation of sepals into carpeloid organs bearing ovules. Moreover, the fact that these organ transformations occur when the STK gene is expressed ectopically in ag mutants shows that STK can promote carpel development in the absence of AG activity. We also show that STK, AG, SHP1, and SHP2 can form multimeric complexes and that these interactions require the SEPALLATA (SEP) MADS-box proteins. We provide genetic evidence for this role of the SEP proteins by showing that a reduction in SEP activity leads to the loss of normal ovule development, similar to what occurs in stk shp1 shp2 triple mutants. Together, these results indicate that the SEP proteins, which are known to form multimeric complexes in the control of flower organ identity, also form complexes to control normal ovule development.
MagMites design , fabrication , and control of wireless resonant magnetic micromachines for dry and wet environments

Primary challenges in the building of untethered submillimeter sized robots include propulsion methods, power supply, and control. Based on previous work on the Wireless Resonant Magnetic Micro-actuation principle a large number of mobile micro agents called MagMites have been designed, built, characterized, modeled, and successfully controlled with the purpose of handling micro objects in dry and wet environments. The term MagMite is derived from Magnetic Mite—a tribute to the underlying magnetic propulsion principle and the micro-scale dimensions of the robot. The device harvests magnetic energy from the environment and effectively transforms it into inertiaand impact-driven mechanical force. It can be powered and controlled with oscillating fields in the kHz range and strengths as low as 2 mT. With dimensions less than 300μm×300μm×70μm and a total mass of 30–50μg these agents are capable of moving forward, backward and turning in place while reaching controllable speeds in excess of 12.5 mm/s or 42 times the robot’s body length per second. In this work it is demonstrated how the micromachines exhibit a plethora of driving behaviors and operate on a host of unstructured surfaces under both dry and wet conditions. Various micro-objects ranging from beads to biological entities have been successfully manipulated in a fully automated fashion. Multi-agent studies have shown great promise to be used in cooperative tasks and it is shown how the principle can be extended to agents capable of untethered and self-propelled three-dimensional motion in fluids. Many platforms based on impulsive actuation have been suggested before, but none of them combined all the features that are required for a truly mobile and flexible sub-millimeter robot suitable for multi-agent applications in an unstructured environment. The MagMites offer an exceptionally wide range of behaviors and exhibit an overall degree of controllability, performance, and flexibility unmatched by other microrobots demonstrated thus far. It is conceivable that combining this principle with other technologies could enable new applications of magnetically actuated micromachines in the medical field.
Segmented-Channel MOSFET Design and Optimization – A Review

The steady miniaturization of the conventional MOSFET resulted in continuous improvement in integratedcircuit cost and functionality. Planar bulk MOSFET designs face many challenges as they are being scaled down. A segmentedchannel MOSFET (SegFET) device design combines the benefits of both planar bulk MOSFETs and thin-body transistor structures. The salient feature of this device is that the channel is segmented. The base material of the device is a corrugated substrate consisting of multiple stripes which acts as the channel. The areas between these stripes are filled with high-k material (Hafnia/Zirconia). Device isolation materials are used to isolate the transistor. This device exhibits a higher performance, lower short channel effects and reduced power consumption. Keywords— SegFET, segmented, corrugated substrate, high-k material, Hafnia/Zirconia
Impact of Electronic Auctions on Health Care Markets

Electronic auctions can be applied in certain markets, but the effects on market structure, market behaviour and market performance are unclear. We analysed the effects of a reverse electronic auction initiative, implemented by a new intermediary (CareAuction.nl), on the market for maternity care in the Netherlands in 2005 and 2006. After an unsuccessful start in 2004 as cybermediary in the care market between patients and care providers, CareAuction successfully moved in March 2005 to the care contracting market between insurance companies and care providers. We report on the effects of CareAuction on market performance (price of maternity care minus 2-4%), market structure (more care providers involved in the bidding processes) and market behaviour (bidding behaviours and user preferences). We conclude that IT and cybermediation result in the evolution of electronic markets, influenced by complex interactions among market structure, market conduct and market performance.
A Fast, Accurate, and Robust Algorithm for Transferring Radiation in Three-dimensional Space

A new algorithm for transferring radiation in three-dimensional space is developed. The algorithm computes radiation sources and sinks using the fast Fourier transform method, based on a formulation in which the integral of any quantity (such as emissivity or opacity) over any volume may be written in the classic convolution form. The algorithm is fast, with the computational time scaling as N(log N)2 (where N is the number of grid points of a simulation box), independent of the number of radiation sources. Furthermore, in this formulation one can naturally account for both local radiation sources and diffuse background as well as any extra external sources, in a self-consistent fashion. Finally, the algorithm is completely stable and robust. While the algorithm is generally applicable, we test it thoroughly on an encompassing set of problems relevant for cosmological applications. Tests show that computed results with the present algorithm are, in all cases, in very good agreement with analytic expectations, where they exist. For a realistic cosmological density field the algorithm is in excellent agreement with a high-resolution ray-tracing method. Specifically, radiation flux is guaranteed to propagate in the right direction, and its distribution is shown to be computed accurately. The ionization fronts travel at the correct speeds, with errors no larger than about one cell for all the cases tested. The total number of photons is conserved in the worst case at a ∼10% level and typically at a 1%-5% level over hundreds of time steps. As an added advantage, the accuracy of the results depends weakly on the size of the time step, with a typical cosmological hydrodynamic time step being sufficient.
PCODE : An E cient and Reliable Collective CommunicationProtocol for Unreliable Broadcast

Parallel computing on clusters of workstations and personal computers has very high potential, since it leverages existing hardware and software. Parallel programming environments ooer the user a convenient way for expressing parallel computation and communication. The communication part consists of the usual point-to-point communication as well as collective communication. However, existing parallel programming environments for clusters are built on top of a point-to-point communication layer (send and receive) over local area networks (LANs) and, as a result, suuer from poor performance in the collective communication part. For example, a broadcast that is implemented using a TCP/IP protocol (which is a point-to-point protocol) over a LAN is obviously ineecient as it is not utilizing the fact that the LAN is a broadcast medium. We have studied the requirements associated with collective communication for parallel computing. We have observed that the main diierence between a distributed computing paradigm and a message passing parallel computing paradigm is that, in a distributed environment the activity of every processor is independent while in a parallel environment the collection of the user-communication layers in the processors can be modeled as a single global program. We have formalized the requirements by deening the notion of a correct global program. This notion provides a precise speciication of the interface between the transport layer and the user-communication layer. We have developed PCODE, a new communication protocol that is driven by a global program, and proved its correctness. We have implemented the PCODE protocol on a collection of IBM RS/6000 workstations and on a collection of Silicon Graphics Indigo workstations, both communicating via UDP broadcast. The experimental results we obtained indicate that the performance advantage of PCODE over the current point-to-point approach (TCP) can be as high as an order of magnitude on a cluster of 16 workstations.
A Theory of Agreements in Infinitely Repeated Games

In environments where players interact repeatedly, it is natural to assume that players can communicate and hence coordinate their actions. This paper offers a theory of self-enforcing agreements in infinitely repeated games as an alternative to the notion of renegotiation-proofness. The notion of stable (selfenforcing) agreements is defined and its central (distinct) feature is that in contemplating a deviation, a coalition does not, ex ante, count on renegotiating with nonmembers, even though renegotiation might occur ex post ; a coalition deviates only if by solely coordinating the actions of its own members, it can guarantee a higher payoff for each member; moreover, our theory allows every coalition to deviate. ∗ I am grateful to Professor Joseph Greenberg for many valuable suggestions, and to Professor Geir B. Asheim for helpful comments. Financial support from Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) is gratefully acknowledged.
Small Is Beautiful: Summarizing Scientific Workflows Using Semantic Annotations

Scientific workflows have become the workhorse of Big Data analytics for scientists. As well as being repeatable and optimizable pipelines that bring together datasets and analysis tools, workflows make-up an important part of the provenance of data generated from their execution. By faithfully capturing all stages in the analysis, workflows play a critical part in building up the audit-trail (a.k.a. provenance) meta-data for derived datasets and contributes to the veracity of results. Provenance is essential for reporting results, reporting the method followed, and adapting to changes in the datasets or tools. These functions, however, are hampered by the complexity of workflows and consequently the complexity of data-trails generated from their instrumented execution. In this paper we propose the generation of workflow description summaries in order to tackle workflow complexity. We elaborate reduction primitives for summarizing workflows, and show how primitives, as building blocks, can be used in conjunction with semantic workflow annotations to encode different summarization strategies. We report on the effectiveness of the method through experimental evaluation using real-world workflows from the Tavern a system.
The analysis of social appearance anxiety levels of physical education teacher candidates in terms of different variables

The purpose of this study is to examine the social appearance anxiety levels of physical education teacher candidates based on different variables. Participated in the current study 600 physical education teacher candidates studying at physical education and sports departments which were designed using a screening model. As a data collection tool, the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale was used in the study. In the data analysis process, as well as the descriptive statistics, a t-test for independent groups, one-way variance analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient technique were used.The study results suggest that the social appearance anxiety levels of physical education teacher candidates were low. Although no meaningful relationship was found between the social appearance anxiety levels of physical education teacher candidates and their gender and income level variables, there was a significant difference based on their sports branches. Additionally, there was a meaningful difference found between age and social appearance anxiety levels of physical education teacher candidates.
Are non-semantic morphological effects incompatible with a distributed connectionist approach to lexical processing?

On a distributed connectionist approach, morphology reflects a learned sensitivity to the systematic relationships among the surface forms of words and their meanings. Performance on lexical tasks should thus exhibit graded effects of both semantic and formal similarity. Although there is evidence for such effects, there are also demonstrations of morphological effects in the absence of semantic similarity (when formal similarity is controlled) in morphologically rich languages like Hebrew. Such findings are typically interpreted as being problematic for the connectionist account. To evaluate whether this interpretation is valid, we carried out simulations in which a set of morphologically related words varying in semantic transparency were embedded in either a morphologically rich or impoverished artificial language. We found that morphological priming increased with degree of semantic transparency in both languages. Critically, priming extended to semantically opaque items in the morphologically rich language (consistent with findings in Hebrew) but not in the impoverished language (consistent with findings in English). Such priming arises because the processing of all items, including opaque forms, is influenced by the degree of morphological organisation of the entire system. These findings suggest that, rather than being challenged by the occurrence of non-semantic morphological effects in morphologically rich languages, the connectionist approach may provide an explanation for the cross-linguistic differences in the occurrence of these effects.
Bypassing the legislature: how direct democracy affects substantive and symbolic representation

At the heart of democracy is representation: the process of having a select few speak for the many. This process of representation is mediated by our political institutions, the rules and structures of the political process, which are constantly evolving. During the progressive era near the turn of the twentieth century, the United States experienced a series of critical institutional changes including women’s suffrage, the direct election of senators, and in some states, the establishment of direct democracy. This last change allows citizens to directly pass legislation, entirely bypassing the legislative process. Within the context of direct democracy, this project reexamines a very basic question: why do voters vote? I argue that the initiative process alters the set of factors that voters depend upon for the selection legislators. With the initiative, voters are able to bypass the legislature entirely. The use of the initiative gives voters a way to “correct” policy mistakes due to biased legislators. Since they can fix these problems ex post, they have a great incentive to concentrate ex ante on the personal characteristics of candidates. I model the tradeoffs faced by voters in their selection of candidates, and most importantly, how direct legislation affects those tradeoffs. The first hypothesis states that voters in initiative states will alter their voting calculus by diminishing the role played by policy. This is demonstrated empirically in four different ways (chapter 5). First, voters are less likely to vote ‘correctly’ in states with the initiative (Lau et al. 2008). The ‘voting correctly’ model is the ability of voters to ‘correctly’ select a candidate the best represents that voter’s policy positions. Second, voters engage in less ‘economic voting’ (Bali and Davis 2007). Third, voters are more likely to select women as their representatives (Boehmke, et al. 2009). There is a reoccurring pattern in how, why, and under what conditions men are favored over women. Men are viewed as better decision makers, while women are stylistically more open to
A reengineering framework for evaluating a financial imaging system

T HIS article presents a framework for comparing and evaluating efforts in reengineering, or business process redesign. The framework is applied to the study of the reengineering of the securities processing function at the brokerage and financial services firm Merrill Lynch, comparing the firm’s old and new processes. The new process features image processing, character recognition, and extensive redesign. Reengineering, one of the latest trends in the information systems field, is defined by Hammer and Champy [4] as “the fundamental
Incidence of minimally invasive colorectal cancer surgery at National Comprehensive Cancer Network centers.

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic colectomy has been shown to have equivalent oncologic outcomes to open colectomy for the management of colon cancer, but its adoption nationally has been slow. This study investigates the prevalence and factors associated with laparoscopic colorectal resection at National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) centers. METHODS Data on patients undergoing surgery for colon and rectal cancer at NCCN centers from 2005 to 2010 were obtained from chart review of medical records for the NCCN Outcomes Project and included information on socioeconomic status, insurance coverage, comorbidity, and physician-reported Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status. Associations between receipt of minimally invasive surgery and patient and clinical variables were analyzed with univariate and multivariable logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS A total of 4032 patients, diagnosed between September 2005 and December 2010, underwent elective colon or rectal resection for cancer at NCCN centers. Median age of colon cancer patients was 62.6 years, and 49% were men. The percent of colon cancer patients treated with minimally invasive surgery (MIS) increased from 35% in 2006 to 51% in 2010 across all centers but varied statistically significantly between centers. On multivariable analysis, factors associated with minimally invasive surgery for colon cancer patients who had surgery at an NCCN institution were older age (P = .02), male sex (P = .006), fewer comorbidities (P ≤ .001), lower final T-stage (P < .001), median household income greater than or equal to $80000 (P < .001), ECOG performance status = 0 (P = .02), and NCCN institution (P ≤ .001). CONCLUSIONS The use of MIS increased at NCCN centers. However, there was statistically significant variation in adoption of MIS technique among centers.