Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coming Out: The New Dynamics by Nicholas Guittar

The process of coming out as gay or lesbian was first described by Australian psychologist Vivienne Cass in 1979 as consisting of a series of “stages” or steps such as first questioning one’s sexual orientation, identifying as lesbian or gay, disclosing sexual orientation to others, having a sexual experience with someone of the same sex, and synthesizing sexual orientation into other aspects of the self. Since then, “stage theories” about the coming-out process have been criticized as being too linear, with each subsequent step representing a more advanced stage in the process (e.g., Rust, 1993). Stage theories have also been critiqued as not reflecting the coming-out experience for individuals who identify as bisexual, who may alternate between relationships with women and men (Rust, 1993). Additionally, communities of color may regard sexual identities and behavior as private matters that do not necessitate disclosure (Morales, 1989). Nicholas Guittar expands on this historical body of work by focusing on individual coming-out experiences, given that the coming-out experience varies considerably from one person to another. For example, we, the reviewers, identify as pansexual, queer/fluid, and lesbian, respectively, and so we were interested to see how Coming Out: The New Dynamics reflected our own experiences. Guittar views the coming-out process as a form of storytelling, and, in fact, telling one’s coming-out story has become part of belonging to the lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer communities. After a while, the coming-out story takes on the form of a much-rehearsed narrative. There is no heterosexual equivalent, and the book ignores the coming-out experience for transgender individuals. Guittar conducted a series of 30 intensive, semistructured interviews with individuals in central Florida between the ages of 18 and 54, though only 10 participants were age 25 or older. Nearly three quarters of the participants were of European origin, none identified as Black or African American, none were from working-class backgrounds, and none identified as bisexual. Given the young age of most participants, it is surprising that only two identified as queer. Guittar had hoped for individuals with varying levels of outness. Unfortunately, convenience samples—finding participants via friends of friends or via LGBTQ organizations and events—do not yield many closeted people or a diversity of backgrounds.
Can Low Serum Levels of S100B Predict Normal CT Findings After Minor Head Injury in Adults?: An Evidence‐Based Review and Meta‐Analysis

ObjectiveTo determine whether low levels of S100B in serum can predict normal computed tomography (CT) findings after minor head injury (MHI) in adults. ParticipantsNot applicable. DesignSystematic evidence-based review of the peer-reviewed literature with meta-analytical interpretation. Primary MeasuresNot applicable. ResultsWe identified 12 eligible articles that specifically studied adult MHI patients with S100B and cranial CT scans in the acute phase after injury, comprising a total of 2466 separate patients. Individual negative predictive values of 90% to 100% were found for the ability of a negative (under cutoff) S100B level to predict a normal CT scan. A total of 6 patients included in the studies had low S100B levels and positive CT scans (0.26%) and only 1 of these patients (0.04%) had a clinically relevant CT finding. The pooled negative predictive value for all studies was more than 99% (95% CI 98%–100%), with an average prevalence for any CT finding at 8%. The studies are consistently classed as level 2 and level 3 grades of evidence, suggesting a grade B recommendation. ConclusionLow serum S100B levels accurately predict normal CT findings after MHI in adults. S100B sampling should be considered in MHI patients with no focal neurological deficit, an absence of significant extracerebral injury, should be taken within 3 hours of injury, and the cutoff for omitting CT set at less than 0.10 μg/L. Care givers should also be aware of other clinical factors predictive of intracranial complications after MHI.
Terrestrial Ozone Depletion due to a Milky Way Gamma-Ray Burst

Based on cosmological rates, it is probable that at least once in the last gigayear the Earth has been irradiated by a gamma-ray burst (GRB) in our Galaxy from within 2 kpc. We have performed the first detailed computation of the effects on the Earth's atmosphere of one such impulsive event: A 10 s 100 kJ m-2 burst penetrates to the stratosphere causing globally averaged ozone depletion of 35%, with depletion reaching 55% at some latitudes. Significant depletion persists for over 5 years after the burst. A 50% decrease in ozone column density leads to approximately 3 times the normal UVB (280-315 nm; a wavelength band that ozone significantly absorbs and that living organisms are sensitive to) flux, and widespread extinctions are likely, based on extrapolation from sensitivity of modern organisms. Additional effects include a shot of nitrate fertilizer and NO2 opacity in the visible, providing a cooling perturbation to the climate over a similar timescale. These results lend support to the hypothesis that a GRB may have initiated the late Ordovician mass extinction (Melott et al.).
Les Acteurs De La Normalisation Comptable Internationale: Une Communaute Epistemique ?

Ce papier porte sur les participants a la normalisation comptable internationale a travers une analyse des qualites individuelles des normalisateurs comme des caracteristiques collectives de cette communaute. Les travaux anterieurs ainsi qu'une analyse detaillee de la constitution situent le dispositif international dans la tradition anglo-saxonne caracterisee par la place preponderante accordee aux experts. Cela conduit a suggerer le concept de communaute epistemique pour qualifier la communaute normalisatrice. A partir d'une analyse de la composition de certaines instances du dispositif, la pertinence de ce concept est discutee, faisant ressortir la nature de l'expertise, l'existence de valeurs partagees et l'adhesion a une certaine maniere de faire les normes.
Getting Acceptance that Radically New Working Practices are Required: Institutionalization of Arguments about Change within a Healthcare Organization

This article considers data from a hospital that was introducing an experimental new facility onto an existing site, including the process of institutionalization of the argument ‘The new facility requires radically new working practices. ’ The data are used to test a proposed integration of Barley and Tolbert’s (1997) model of the psychological mechanisms involved in institutionalization with a political model of how motives vary during the stages of organizational change. There is some empirical support for a congruence between the two models, namely, that psychological encoding matches with political recognition, psychological enactment matches with political transition, and psychological replication and externalization match with political consolidation.
Olympic Games Legacy: From General Benefits to Sustainable Long-Term Legacy

The purpose of this article is to map and contextualise the evolution of the concept of legacy over time using bid and final report documentation from Olympic Games host and candidate cities. As a result of the increased importance of legacy in the modern Olympic movement, many trends have emerged. Examples of modern trends include numerous new legacy themes (e.g. environmental, information, educational); changes in the types of legacy being emphasised (e.g. closer links to city and regional planning initiatives and legacy sustainability), its increasing complexity and interconnectedness found within the typology of legacies, and legacy's overall governance including major influencers and decision makers.
Normalized Curvature Ratio for Damage Detection in Beam-Like Structures

Fiber optic sensors (FOS) offer numerous advantages for structural health monitoring. In addition to being durable, lightweight, and capable of multiplexing, they offer the ability to monitor strain in both static and dynamic mode. FOS also allow for instrumentation of large areas of a structure with long-gauge sensors which helps enable global monitoring of the structure. Drawing upon these benefits, the Normalized Curvature Ratio (NCR), a curvature based damage detection method, has been developed. This method utilizes a series of long-gauge fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensors for damage detection of a structure through dynamic strain measurements and curvature analysis. The main assumption is that the ratios between cross-sectional curvature amplitudes under free vibration remain unchanged given the state of the structure is unchanged. The theoretical development of this method is presented along with an analytical study of a simply supported beam with two damage cases: a loss of flexural stiffness in the span and a change in rotational stiffness of the support. Validation of the method is then performed through two implementations. First, through a small-scale laboratory test with a simply supported aluminum beam subjected to a change in the rotational stiffness of the support. Second, the method is applied to an existing in-service highway overpass with over 5 years of data collection of dynamic strain events. The advantages and limitations of the method are identified and discussed. This research shows encouraging results and the potential for the NCR to be used as a simplistic metric for damage detection.
Specialization in Relational Reasoning

Although deduction can be applied both to associations between nonsocial objects and to social relationships among people, the authors hypothesize that social targets elicit specialized cognitive mechanisms that facilitate inferences about social relations. Consistent with this view, in Experiments 1a and 1b the authors show that participants are more efficient and more accurate at inferring social relations compared to nonsocial relations. In Experiment 2 they find direct evidence for a specialized neural apparatus recruited specifically for social relational inferences. When making social inferences, functional magnetic resonance imaging results indicate that the brain regions that play a general role in logical reasoning (e.g., hippocampi, parietal cortices, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) are supplemented by regions that specialize in representing people’s mental states (e.g., posterior superior temporal sulcus, temporo-parietal junction, and medial prefrontal cortex).
An Experimental Comparison of Web and Telephone Surveys

We carried out an experiment that compared telephone and Web versions of a questionnaire that assessed attitudes toward sci- ence and knowledge of basic scientific facts. Members of a random digit dial (RDD) sample were initially contacted by telephone and answered a few screening questions, including one that asked whether they had Internet access. Those with Intern et access were randomly assigned to complete either a Web version of the questionnaire or a computer- assisted telephone interview. Ther e were four main findings. First, although we offered cases assigned to the Web survey a larger incen- tive, fewer of them completed the online questionnaire; almost all those who were assigned to the telephone condition completed the interview. The two samples of Web users nonetheless had similar demographic characteristics. Second, the Web surv ey produced less item nonresponse than the telephone survey. The Web questionnaire prompted respon- dents when they left an item blank, whereas the telephone interviewers accepted "no opinion" answers without probing them. Third, Web respondents gave less differentiated an swers to batteries of attitude items than their telephone counterparts . The Web questionnaire presented these items in a grid that may have made their similarity more salient.
Comprehensive, Continuous, Integrated System of Care Development: Tampa-Hillsborough County, Florida

A local system within what is usually termed the Suncoast Region of southwest Florida, Hillsborough County, which includes the city of Tampa, has long been recognized as one of the more innovative local systems of behavioral healthcare in Florida. Back in the late 1990s, Tampa-Hillsborough was one of the earliest “districts” (now termed circuits) in Florida to create locally controlled “managing entities” for using managed care technology to more effectively utilize state dollars from the state Department of Children and Families (DCF; which is responsible for both mental health and substance abuse service delivery in Florida) and the Florida Agency for Healthcare Administration (Medicaid) to organize services at the local level. In the process of organizing a local provider network (which was termed Central Florida Behavioral Health Network [CFBHN]) to become the managing entity, the community, under the leadership of then DCF Substance Abuse and Mental Health (SAMH) District Program Administrator Mark Engelhardt, began to more clearly identify the importance of developing a local system approach to the treatment of individuals with co-occurring mental health
FDG‐PET and MRI in temporal lobe epilepsy: relationship to febrile seizures, hippocampal sclerosis and outcome

Objective– To correlate the volumetric head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) scan findings with the history, intracarotid amobarbital procedure, pathology, and outcome in patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. Material and methods– Thirty‐eight patients with temporal lobe epilepsy treated surgically following a comprehensive presurgical evaluation. Follow‐up ranged from 12 to 44 months. Results– Volumetric MRI showed ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy in 29 (76%), and PET scan showed ipsilateral temporal hypometabolism (PET‐TH) in 31 (81.5%) of patients. Eighty‐three percent of those patients with hippocampal sclerosis on MRI (MRI‐HS) had ipsilateral PET‐TH. Sixty‐six percent of patients with MRI‐HS had a history of prolonged febrile convulsions or a childhood febrile illness accompanied by convulsions, and 77% of patients with MRI‐HS had pathologically proven hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Ninety percent became seizure free or had rare seizures. Conclusion– FDG‐PET scans and head MRIs were complementary; 95% of patients had either MRI‐HS or temporal hypometabolism. MRI‐HS correlated with a history of febrile seizures and pathologically demonstrated hippocampal sclerosis. Ninety‐three percent of patients had focal functional deficits on the epileptogenic side. Concordance between PET temporal hypometabolism and MRI‐HS correlated with better outcome.
Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage in CT: Benefits of Sinogram-Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction Techniques

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute intracranial hemorrhage represents a severe and time critical pathology that requires precise and quick diagnosis, mainly by performing a CT scan. The purpose of this study was to compare image quality and intracranial hemorrhage conspicuity in brain CT with sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction and filtered back-projection reconstruction techniques at standard (340 mAs) and low-dose tube current levels (260 mAs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 94 consecutive patients with intracranial hemorrhage received CT scans either with standard or low-dose protocol by random assignment. Group 1 (n=54; mean age, 64 ± 20 years) received CT at 340 mAs, and group 2 (n=40; mean age, 57 ± 23 years) received CT at 260 mAs. Images of both groups were reconstructed with filtered back-projection reconstruction and 5 iterative strengths (S1–S5) and ranked blind by 2 radiologists for image quality and intracranial hemorrhage on a 5-point scale. Image noise, SNR, dose-length product (mGycm), and mean effective dose (mSv) were calculated. RESULTS: In both groups, image quality and intracranial hemorrhage conspicuity were rated subjectively with an excellent/good image quality. A higher strength of sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction showed an increase in image quality with a difference to filtered back-projection reconstruction (P < .05). Subjective rating showed the best score of image quality and intracranial hemorrhage conspicuity achieved through S3/S4–5. Objective analysis of image quality showed in an increase of SNR with a higher strength of sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction. Patients in group 2 (mean: 744 mGycm/1.71 mSv) were exposed to a significantly lower dose than those in group 1 (mean: 1045 mGycm/2.40 mSv, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: S3 provides better image quality and visualization of intracranial hemorrhage in brain CT at 260 mAs. Dose reduction by almost one-third is possible without significant loss in diagnostic quality.
Adult attachment styles and stressor severity as moderators of the coping sequence

This study examined the normative temporal sequence of the coping process and whether stressor severity or adult attachment styles moderated that sequence. Participants (N = 75) described a minor or a major stressor. They were given a stack of index cards, representing coping strategies from five different domains. They selected strategies they had employed and sorted them into the order used. Overall, support from partner was one of the first coping techniques used. Adult attachment styles moderated the coping sequence. For major stressors, dismissing attachment predicted later use of support seeking from partner and earlier use of distancing coping, while preoccupied attachment predicted earlier use of emotion-focused coping.
Using Behavioral Simulations in Teaching Strategic Management Processes

There is no accepted body of knowledge which clearly defines either the practices of strategic management or how these practices should be taught. Not surprisingly, the subject is taught in a variety of ways. For example, the Harvard case study approach emphasizes the firm's perspective and the need to develop strategies based on a match among opportunities and threats and the firm's strengths and weaknesses In contrast, approaches based on theories of industrial organization emphasize the importance of environment and industry structures-they analyze which factors determine the nature and intensity of the competition within an industry (e.g., Porter, 1980). Contingency approaches to management strategy relate firm attributes and environmental developments in order to consider how, as organization-environment relations change, the emphasis on one or another strategy may be more or less appropriate (Harrigan, 1980; Miles & Snow, 1978). These alternative approaches to the practice of strategic management are all directed towards determining what factors should be taken into account and what analytical techniques should be used when a firm is deciding a strategy to pursue. However, firms must not only analyze but also act on their strategic choices. There is a strong bias in management education to focus on analytical questions and to ignore the associated behavioral processes involved in problem finding, agenda building, influencing others, and coalition formation (Porter & McKibbin, 1988). Yet knowledge about the behavioral processes that lead to results is at least as important as knowledge about analytical techniques that can help one to make strategic
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV and Mortality After an Acute Heart Failure Episode

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) is a key enzyme in B-type natriuretic peptide processing. DPP IV was never studied in human heart failure (HF). We aimed to measure DPP IV concentration in acute HF and determine its association with mortality. Methods and Results: Patients hospitalized with acute HF were eligible. We excluded patients with acute coronary syndromes. A discharge blood sample was collected from all patients and they were followed for a 6-month period. Outcome was HF death. Patients were compared across DPP IV quartiles. A Cox regression analysis was used to assess the prognostic power of DPP IV. We studied 164 patients. Median age was 78 years, 48.8% were men, and 63 had type 2 diabetes and 59.1% had left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Quartiles of DPP IV were <215.2; ≥215.2 and <269.3; ≥269.3 and <348.6; and ≥348.6 ng/mL; groups were homogenous between them. Seventeen patients died. Patients with DPP IV in the last quartile had a hazard ratio of HF death up to 6 months of 2.89, 95% confidence interval, 1.11–7.46. Association was B-type natriuretic peptide independent. Conclusions: Discharge DPP IV ≥348.6 ng/mL conferred an approximately 3-fold higher risk of 6-month HF death. Further studies would be important to understand the role of DPP IV in HF.
Nucleocytoplasmic Traffic Disorder Induced by Cardioviruses

ABSTRACT Some picornaviruses, for example, poliovirus, increase bidirectional permeability of the nuclear envelope and suppress active nucleocytoplasmic transport. These activities require the viral protease 2Apro. Here, we studied nucleocytoplasmic traffic in cells infected with encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV; a cardiovirus), which lacks the poliovirus 2Apro-related protein. EMCV similarly enhanced bidirectional nucleocytoplasmic traffic. By using the fluorescent “Timer” protein, which contains a nuclear localization signal, we showed that the cytoplasmic accumulation of nuclear proteins in infected cells was largely due to the nuclear efflux of “old” proteins rather than impaired active nuclear import of newly synthesized molecules. The nuclear envelope of digitonin-treated EMCV-infected cells permitted rapid efflux of a nuclear marker protein. Inhibitors of poliovirus 2Apro did not prevent the EMCV-induced efflux. Extracts from EMCV-infected cells and products of in vitro translation of viral RNAs contained an activity increasing permeability of the nuclear envelope of uninfected cells. This activity depended on the expression of the viral leader protein. Mutations disrupting the zinc finger motif of this protein abolished its efflux-inducing ability. Inactivation of the L protein phosphorylation site (Thr47→Ala) resulted in a delayed efflux, while a phosphorylation-mimicking (Thr47→Asp) replacement did not significantly impair the efflux-inducing ability. Such activity of extracts from EMCV-infected cells was suppressed by the protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine. As evidenced by electron microscopy, cardiovirus infection resulted in alteration of the nuclear pores, but it did not trigger degradation of the nucleoporins known to be degraded in the poliovirus-infected cells. Thus, two groups of picornaviruses, enteroviruses and cardioviruses, similarly alter the nucleocytoplasmic traffic but achieve this by strikingly different mechanisms.
Towards Efficient Positional Inverted Index

We address the problem of positional indexing in the natural language domain. The positional inverted index contains the information of the word positions. Thus, it is able to recover the original text file, which implies that it is not necessary to store the original file. Our Positional Inverted Self-Index (PISI) stores the word position gaps encoded by variable byte code. Inverted lists of single terms are combined into one inverted list that represents the backbone of the text file since it stores the sequence of the indexed words of the original file. The inverted list is synchronized with a presentation layer that stores separators, stop words, as well as variants of the indexed words. The Huffman coding is used to encode the presentation layer. The space complexity of the PISI inverted list is O ( ( N − n ) ⌈ log 2 b N ⌉ + ( ⌊ N − n α ⌋ + n ) × ( ⌈ log 2 b n ⌉ + 1 ) ) where N is a number of stems, n is a number of unique stems, α is a step/period of the back pointers in the inverted list and b is the size of the word of computer memory given in bits. The space complexity of the presentation layer is O ( − ∑ i = 1 N ⌈ log 2 p i n ( i ) ⌉ − ∑ j = 1 N ′ ⌈ log 2 p j ′ ⌉ + N ) with respect to p i n ( i ) as a probability of a stem variant at position i, p j ′ as the probability of separator or stop word at position j and N ′ as the number of separators and stop words.