Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE PREDICTIVE POWER OF MONEY FOR INFLATION AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: THE MODERATING ROLE OF ASSET PRICES

In the past three decades the focus of researchers and policy makers shifted from money to interest rate as monetary policy instrument owing to low predictive and explanatory power of the former for the target variables – real economic activity and the inflation rate. In this study, we hypothesize that the apparent weak relationship between money and the target variables, found in empirical literature, is predominantly due to the absence of asset prices in the empirical models (see for instance, Bernanke and Blinder, 1992). We test our hypothesis using data of the Pakistan economy over the period 1981 Q1 to 2018 Q2. We compare the forecasting power of interest rate with that of money stock for goods prices and real economic activity in the presence of asset prices. This has been done using Granger causality test and by decomposing variances of the GDP deflator rate and output. In both cases, the predictive power of money, for the prices and output, significantly increases when asset prices are considered in the model. Moreover, as a second objective, we also find out the moderating role that asset prices play in strengthening or weakening the relationship between money and the target variables. This has been done using two different methods; the two steps regression based method and by incorporating an interaction term of asset prices and money in the regressions of the target variables. In both cases, we find evidence of asset prices affecting the relationship between money and the target variables. More specifically, the asset prices proved to weaken the relationship between money and price level and strengthen the relationship between money and the economic activity. The study is important in two respects; the role of asset prices in prediction of money for the prices and output has been contributed to the empirical literature of Pakistan and the results have strong policy relevance
Bacteriophages in Wastewater Treatment: Can They Be an Approach to Optimize the Anammox-based Processes?

In this paper, we explore the applications of bacteriophages and the advantages of using these viruses to elucidate the possibility of applying them to control substrate competition organisms in anammox-based processes. The partial nitri�cation/anammox offers economic and structural advantages compared to conventional nitrogen removal processes. However, the appearance of substrate competing bacteria is typical, as is the case of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), which tend to grow unrestrainedly in the system, converting all ammonia to nitrate, globally impacting the system once substrate availability is compromised. Thus, control measures to prevent this substrate competition are vital for process e�ciency. We used a literature review depicting the main applications of bacteriophages in wastewater treatment plants. Initial studies demonstrated bacteriophages have great potential to be applied in anammox-based processes, such as partial nitri�cation/anammox (PN/A) acting to combat NOB, a valuable economic and environmental tool to improve the e�ciency of nitrogen removal processes. Although these viruses have already been studied in various applications to optimize treatment plant processes, technology transfer remains a challenge due to the limitations of the technique and the complexity of biological systems. The research development focused on application strategies in conjunction with molecular biology techniques can expand this study area, enabling the discovery of bacteria and bacteriophages.
Cosmological backreaction of a quantized massless scalar field

We consider the backreaction problem of a quantized minimally coupled massless scalar field in cosmology. The adiabatically regularized stress-energy tensor in a general Friedmann-Robertson-Walker background is approximately evaluated by using the fact that subhorizon modes evolve adiabatically and superhorizon modes are frozen. The vacuum energy density is verified to obey a new first order differential equation depending on a dimensionless parameter of order unity, which calibrates subhorizon/superhorizon division. We check the validity of the approximation by calculating the corresponding vacuum energy densities in fixed backgrounds, which are shown to agree with the known results in de Sitter space and space-times undergoing power law expansions. We then apply our findings to slow-roll inflationary models. Although backreaction effects are found to be negligible during the near exponential expansion, the vacuum energy density generated during this period might be important at later stages since it decreases slower than radiation or dust.
Entanglement beyond tensor product structure: algebraic aspects of quantum non-separability

An algebraic approach to quantum non-separability is applied to the case of two qubits. It is based on the partition of the algebra of observables into independent subalgebras and the tensor product structure of the Hilbert space is not exploited. Even in this simple case, such a general formulation has some advantages. Using algebraic formalism, we can explicitly show the relativity of the notion of entanglement to the observables measured in the system and characterize separable and non-separable pure states. As a universal measure of non-separability of pure states, we propose to take the so-called total correlation. This quantity depends on the state as well as on the algebraic partition. Its numerical value is given by the norm of the corresponding correlation matrix.
DHM simulation of movement variability induced by muscle fatigue during a repetitive pointing activity

— Movement variability is an essential characteristic of human movement. However it is almost ignored in workstation design. Neglecting this variability may bring designers to skip over parts of the future operator’s movements, thus leading to incomplete assessment of biomechanical risk factors. This abstract describes a model-based virtual human controller intended to simulate the movement variability induced by muscle fatigue during a repetitive activity. This controller reproduces some of the adaptive behaviors described in the literature. It opens perspectives to DHM software improvements and more reliable ergonomics assessments from the early stages of workstation design.
Online Teaching Vs Face to Face (F2F) - Insight from Lecturers and Students of Manipal International University

The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness of teaching methods used during face-to-face and online classes in Manipal International University (MIU). Lecturers need to constantly work on enhancing their skills in order to create competent graduates who can cope in this highly technological age. Much emphasis has been put on student-centred learning; however, only a small percentage of lecturers make an effort to evolve from being sages who know all to facilitators who discover methods to maximize learning. Fifty-two students and fifty-one academicians from Manipal International University, Nilai, Malaysia participated in this research by responding to an online questionnaire. The findings of this research clearly indicate that there is a need to analyse students’ learning styles and diversify teaching methods. Online courses are becoming increasingly popular and education providers are required to meet the demands of the current generation by offering more online courses; however, students and lecturers are not ready for traditional classroom education to be completely replaced by online programmes. Blended learning which provides a combination of both online and traditional classes seems to be the best choice for private universities to fulfil the needs of learners with different learning styles.
Novel Optical Fiber-Based Structures for Plasmonics Sensors

Optical fiber sensors based on surface plasma technology have many unique advantages in specific applications such as extreme environmental monitoring, physical parameter determination, and biomedical indicators testing. In recent decades, various kinds of fiber probes with special structures were developed according to special processing such as tapering, splicing, etching, fiber balls, grating etc. In this paper, the fabrication technology, characteristics, development status and application scenarios of different special optical fiber structures are briefly reviewed, including common processing equipment. Furthermore, many special novel optical fiber structures reported in recent years are summarized, which have been used in various kinds of plasmonic sensing work. Then, the fiber-plasmonic sensors for practical applications are also introduced and examined in detail. The main aim of this review is to provide guidance and inspiration for researchers to design and fabricate special optical fiber structures, thus facilitating their further research.
Scalar Kaluza-Klein modes in a multiply warped braneworld

The Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of a massive scalar field on a 3-brane embedded in a six-dimensional multiply warped spacetime are determined. Due to the presence of warping along both the extra dimensions the KK mass spectrum splits into two closely spaced branches which is a distinct feature of this model compared to the five-dimensional Randall-Sundrum model. This new cluster of the KK mode spectrum is expected to have interesting phenomenological implications for the upcoming collider experiments. It is also shown that the effective scalar self-couplings of all orders are enhanced due to the presence of an extra warped dimension. Such a scenario may also be extended for even larger number of orbifolded extra dimensions.
Exact Kink Solitons in Skyrme Crystals

We present an explicit integration of the kink soliton equation obtained in a recent interesting study of the classical Skyrme model where the field configurations are of a generalized hedgehog form which is of a domain-wall type. We also show that in such a reduced one-dimensional setting the first-order and second-order equations are equivalent. Consequently, in such a context, all finite-energy solitons are Bogomolnyi-Prasad-Sommerfield type and precisely known.
Multi-ciphertext security degradation for lattices

Typical lattice-based cryptosystems are commonly believed to resist multi-target attacks. For example, the New Hope proposal stated that it avoids “all-for-the-price-of-one attacks”. An ACM CCS 2021 paper from Duman–Hövelmanns–Kiltz–Lyubashevsky–Seiler stated that “we can show that Adv IND-CPAPKE ≈ Adv ( n,q C )-IND-CPA PKE ” for “lattice-based schemes” such as Kyber, i.e. that one-out-of-many-target IND-CPA is as difficult to break as single-target IND-CPA, assuming “the hardness of MLWE as originally defined for the purpose of worst-case to average-case reductions”. Meanwhile NIST expressed concern regarding multi-target attacks against non-lattice cryptosystems. This paper quantifies the asymptotic impact of multiple ciphertexts per public key upon existing heuristic analyses of known lattice attacks. The qualitative conclusions are that typical lattice PKEs asymptotically degrade in heuristic multi-ciphertext IND-CPA security as the number of ciphertexts increases. These PKE attacks also imply multi-ciphertext IND-CCA2 attacks against typical constructions of lattice KEMs. This shows a contradiction between (1) the existing heuristics and (2) the idea that multi-target security matches single-target security. The asymptotic heuristic security degradation is exponential in Θ ( n ) for decrypting many ciphertexts, cutting a constant fraction out of the total number of bits of security, and exponential in Θ ( n/ log n ) for decrypting one out of many ciphertexts, for conservative cryptosystem parameters. Furthermore, whether or not the existing heuristics are correct, (1) there are flaws in the claim of provable multi-target security based on MLWE, and (2) there is a 2 88 -guess attack breaking one out of 2 40 ciphertexts for a FrodoKEM-640 public key.
Dividend Policy in India: Evidence from Financial Statements

The study aims to examine the various factors of financial statements of the dividend paying Indian companies listed in stock exchange of India (Bombay Stock Exchange [BSE] and National Stock Exchange [NSE]) to examine the factors influencing dividend policy, amount of dividend and the method of dividend. Secondary data has been collected from the websites, six factors of financial statement chosen to check the impact on dividend policy. Fifteen large capital firms of three different sectors and data of fifteen years have been used in this study. Panel Unit Root Test, Fixed and Random Regression Model have been applied with the help of econometrics. Study reveals that all selected factors are also positively correlated and Solvency Ratio, Profitability Ratio and the value of the firm are affecting the dividend policy of the selected companies. The study also suggests that no universal set of data can influence the dividend policy of different companies in different sectors.
Holographic Renyi Entropies and Restrictions on Higher Derivative Terms

We perform a holographic calculation of the Entanglement R\'enyi entropy $S_q(\mu,\lambda)$, for spherical entangling surfaces in boundary CFT's with Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-Maxwell holographic gravitational duals. We find that for Gauss-Bonnet couplings $\lambda$, larger than a specific value, but still allowed by causality, a violation of an inequality that R\'enyi entropies must obey by definition occurs. This violation is related to the existence of negative entropy black holes and restricts the coefficient of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling in the bulk theory. Furthermore, we discover a distinction in the analytic structure of the analytic continuation of $S_q(\mu,\lambda)$, between negative and non-negative $\lambda$, suggesting the existence of a phase transition.
Investigating the origin of the Fe emission lines of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 205

We have investigated the nature and origin of the Fe K emission lines in Mrk 205 using observations with Suzaku and XMM–Newton, aiming to resolve the ambiguity between a broad emission line and multiple unresolved lines of higher ionization. We detect the presence of a narrow Fe K α emission line along with a broad-band Compton reflection hump at energies $E\gt 10\rm \, \, {\rm keV}$. These are consistent with reflected emission of hard X-ray photons off a Compton-thick material of $N_{\rm H}\ge 2.15\times 10^{24}\rm \, \, {\rm cm^{-2}}$. In addition we detect a partially covering ionized absorption with ionization parameter $\log (\xi /\rm \, erg\, cm\, s^{-1})=1.9_{-0.5}^{+0.1}$, column density $N_{\rm H}=(5.6_{-1.9}^{+2.0})\times 10^{22}\rm \, \, {\rm cm^{-2}}$, and a covering factor of $0. 22_{-0.06}^{+0.09}$. We detect the presence of emission arising out of ionized disc reflection contributing in the soft and hard X-rays consistently in all the observations. We however, could not definitely ascertain the presence of a relativistically broadened Fe line in the X-ray spectra. Using relativistic reflection models, we found that the data are unable to statistically distinguish between the scenarios when the supermassive black hole is non-rotating and when it is maximally spinning. Using the disc reflection model we also find that the accretion disc of the active galactic nucleus may be truncated at a distance 6RG < R < 12RG, which may suggest why there may not be any broad Fe line. The Eddington rate of the source is low (λEdd = 0.03), which points to an inefficient accretion, possibly due to a truncated disc.
Decentralized Pliable Index Coding

This paper introduces the decentralized Pliable Index CODing (PICOD) problem: a variant of the Index Coding (IC) problem, where a central transmitter serves pliable users with message side information; here, pliable refers to the fact that a user is satisfied by decoding any t messages that are not in its side information set. In the decentralized PICOD, a central transmitter with knowledge of all messages is not present, and instead users share among themselves massages that can only depend on their local side information set. This paper characterizes the capacity of two classes of decentralized complete–S PICOD(t) problems with m messages (where the set S ⊂ [m] contains the sizes of the side information sets, and the number of users is $n = \sum\nolimits_{s \in S} {\binom{m}{s}} $, with no two users having the same side information set): (i) the consecutive case S = [smin : smax] for some 0 ⩽ smin ⩽ smax ⩽ m –t, and (ii) the complement-consecutive case S = [0 : m−t]\ [smin : smax], for some 0 ⩽ smin ⩽ smax ⩽ m –t. Interestingly, the optimal code-length for the decentralized PICOD in those cases is the same as for the classical (centralized) PICOD counterpart, except when the problem is no longer pliable, that is, it reduces to an IC problem where every user needs to decode all messages not in its side information set. Although the optimal code-length may be the same in both centralized and decentralized settings, the actual optimal codes are not. For the decentralized PICOD, sparse Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) codes and vector linear index codes are used (as opposed to scalar linear codes).
Topologically protected bound states in the continuum and strong phase resonances in integrated Gires-Tournois interferometer

Photonic bound states in the continuum (BICs) are eigenmodes with an infinite lifetime, which coexist with a continuous spectrum of radiating waves. BICs are not only of great theoretical interest, but have a wide range of practical applications, e.g. in the design of optical resonators. Here, we study this phenomenon in a new integrated nanophotonic element consisting of a single dielectric ridge terminating an abruptly ended slab waveguide. This structure can be considered as an on-chip analogue of the Gires-Tournois interferometer (GTI). We demonstrate that, in contrast to the conventional GTI, the proposed integrated structure supports high-Q phase resonances and "conditional" BICs. We develop a simple but extremely accurate coupled-wave model, which clarifies the physics of the BIC formation and enables predicting their locations. We show that the studied BICs are topologically protected and, for the first time, investigate the strong phase resonance effect, which occurs when two BICs with opposite topological charges annihilate.
Magnetic domain growth in a ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate: Effects of current

Magnetic domain patterns in a ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) show different properties depending on the quadratic Zeeman effect and dissipation. Another important factor that affects domain patterns and domain growth is superfluid flow of atoms. Domain growth in a ferromagnetic BEC with negative quadratic Zeeman energy is characterized by the same growth law as (classical) binary fluid in the inertial hydrodynamic regime. In the absence of the superfluid flow, the domain growth law for negative quadratic Zeeman energy is the same as that of scalar conserved fields such as binary alloys.
OPTIMAL TIME-SERIES SELECTION OF QUASARS

We present a novel method for the optimal selection of quasars using time-series observations in a single photometric bandpass. Utilizing the damped random walk model of Kelly et al., we parameterize the ensemble quasar structure function in Sloan Stripe 82 as a function of observed brightness. The ensemble model fit can then be evaluated rigorously for and calibrated with individual light curves with no parameter fitting. This yields a classification in two statistics—one describing the fit confidence and the other describing the probability of a false alarm—which can be tuned, a priori, to achieve high quasar detection fractions (99% completeness with default cuts), given an acceptable rate of false alarms. We establish the typical rate of false alarms due to known variable stars as ≲3% (high purity). Applying the classification, we increase the sample of potential quasars relative to those known in Stripe 82 by as much as 29%, and by nearly a factor of two in the redshift range 2.5 < z < 3, where selection by color is extremely inefficient. This represents 1875 new quasars in a 290 deg2 field. The observed rates of both quasars and stars agree well with the model predictions, with >99% of quasars exhibiting the expected variability profile. We discuss the utility of the method at high redshift and in the regime of noisy and sparse data. Our time-series selection complements well-independent selection based on quasar colors and has strong potential for identifying high-redshift quasars for Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and other cosmology studies in the LSST era.
Adaptive Weighting Multi-Field-Of-View CNN for Semantic Segmentation in Pathology

Automated digital histopathology image segmentation is an important task to help pathologists diagnose tumors and cancer subtypes. For pathological diagnosis of cancer subtypes, pathologists usually change the magnification of whole-slide images (WSI) viewers. A key assumption is that the importance of the magnifications depends on the characteristics of the input image, such as cancer subtypes. In this paper, we propose a novel semantic segmentation method, called Adaptive-Weighting-Multi-Field-of-View-CNN (AWMF-CNN), that can adaptively use image features from images with different magnifications to segment multiple cancer subtype regions in the input image. The proposed method aggregates several expert CNNs for images of different magnifications by adaptively changing the weight of each expert depending on the input image. It leverages information in the images with different magnifications that might be useful for identifying the subtypes. It outperformed other state-of-the-art methods in experiments.
A COLLISIONLESS SCENARIO FOR URANUS TILTING

The origin of the high inclination of Uranus’ spin-axis (Uranus’ obliquity) is one of the great unanswered questions about the solar system. Giant planets are believed to form with nearly zero obliquity, and it has been shown that the present behavior of Uranus’ spin is essentially stable. Several attempts were made in order to solve this problem. Here we report numerical simulations showing that Uranus’ axis can be tilted during the planetary migration, without the need of a giant impact, provided that the planet had an additional satellite and a temporary large inclination. This might have happened during the giant planet instability phase described in the Nice model. In our scenario, the satellite is ejected after the tilt by a close encounter at the end of the migration. This model can both explain Uranus’ large obliquity and bring new constraints on the planet orbital evolution.