Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial phylogenomics of the Australian scribbly gum moth Ogmograptis (Lepidoptera: Bucculatricidae) and an examination of deep‐level relationships within Lepidoptera

Larval feeding by the moth genus Ogmograptis (Bucculatricidae: Lepidoptera) creates one of the most iconic features of the Australian bush—the ‘scribbles’ found on smooth‐barked Eucalyptus. The taxonomic history of Ogmograptis has been challenging, with members of the genus being initially described in four different genera representing three different superfamilies. While prior phylogenetic analysis has placed Ogmograptis within the Bucculatricidae, these findings were not strongly supported and there was poor resolution of the early diverging, non‐Apoditrysia superfamilies that Ogmograptis has been assigned to by different authors. As a consequence, the unique larval biology of scribbly moths cannot yet be interpreted in an evolutionary context. Phylogenomic analysis of whole mitochondrial (mt) genome data for Ogmograptis, related non‐Apoditrysia and taxa representing the superfamily‐level diversity of the order strongly supports its placement within the Bucculatricidae, a monophyletic Gracillarioidea and a clade of Gracillarioidea + Yponomeutoidea that was sister to the Apoditrysia. The hypermetamorphic larval development in Ogmograptis can thus be interpreted as an elaboration of the ancestral pattern of the clade Gracillarioidea + Yponomeutoidea that has specialised for phellogen/callus feeding within the bark. The utility of mt genomes for deep‐level phylogenetic study of the Lepidoptera is reviewed against prior multi‐locus and nuclear phylogenomic datasets. Mt phylogenomic analyses are sensitive to analytical methods and the inclusion versus exclusion of high‐variability data partitions for deep‐level relationships, already shown to be uncertain by multi‐locus or nuclear phylogenomic analyses, in particular relationships between apoditrysian and obtectomeran superfamilies. While mt genomes are ideal for examining the relationships of rare, physically small or difficult to collect taxa such as Ogmograptis, due to the low technical hurdles to collecting whole genomes, continued attention to the analytical sensitivities of phylogenies that use this data source is needed to reliably advance our understanding of deep lepidopteran evolution.
Online Estimation of Combustion Oxygen Content with an Image-Augmented Soft Sensor Using Imbalanced Flame Images

High-accuracy oxygen content measurement and control is one key to improving combustion efficiency and economic efficiency. The soft measurement technique of the oxygen content based on flame images is promising. However, image feature acquisition at different oxygen contents and image generation under unbalanced conditions are still challenging. To relieve this dilemma, a new generative-based regression model is developed. It not only learns the potential vectors but also captures flame features well to generate virtually high-quality-labeled flame images. The training data sets can be augmented, thus saving a lot of data collection experiments. Subsequently, a convolutional-based regression model is constructed to estimate the oxygen content using the augmented flame images directly. The designed method generates informative flame images and obtains more accurate oxygen content estimation results than several common methods.
Dating the Thera (Santorini) eruption: archaeological and scientific evidence supporting a high chronology

The date of the Late Bronze Age Minoan eruption of the Thera volcano has provoked much debate among archaeologists, not least in a recent issue of Antiquity (‘Bronze Age catastrophe and modern controversy: dating the Santorini eruption’, March 2014). Here, the authors respond to those recent contributions, citing evidence that closes the gap between the conclusions offered by previous typological, stratigraphic and radiometric dating techniques. They reject the need to choose between alternative approaches to the problem and make a case for the synchronisation of eastern Mediterranean and Egyptian chronologies with agreement on a ‘high’ date in the late seventeenth century BC for the Thera eruption.
The Effect of a Six-Week Nordic Walking Training Cycle on Oxidative Damage of Macromolecules and Iron Metabolism in Older Patients with Multiple Myeloma in Remission—Randomized Clinical Trial

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy originating from clonal plasma cell proliferation within the bone marrow, predominantly affecting older individuals. While anemia serves as a diagnostic criterion for MM, it often ameliorates upon achieving disease remission. Iron metabolism parameters have emerged as potential prognostic indicators in MM. Notably, physical exercise has been established to influence iron metabolism. This study aimed to assess alterations in serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin concentrations, as well as leukocyte gene expression, in MM patients undergoing a six-week cycle of Nordic walking training. Thirty patients divided into an exercise group (NW, n = 15, mean age 63.1 ± 8.4 years) and a control group (CG, n = 15, mean age: 63.5 ± 3.6 years) completed the study protocol. Blood samples were collected at baseline, after three and six weeks of training, and after nine weeks. Serum ferritin, transferrin, and iron concentrations were measured, along with the leukocyte expression of genes. Additionally, serum oxidative damage marker levels were determined. Following the Nordic walking training cycle, a declining trend in serum ferritin concentrations was observed. Intracellular mRNA levels of genes associated with iron metabolism were positively influenced by the training regimen, indicating the potential impact of this physical activity on gene expression and ferritin concentrations. Although positive trends were noted, extended training periods might be requisite for significant changes. To conclude, moderate-intensity exercise induces favorable shifts in the analyzed parameters among MM patients, potentially influencing disease progression. Consequently, Nordic walking training is a safe recommendation for MM patients, though sustained training beyond six weeks could be necessary for notable effects on iron metabolism factors.
Eocene reorganization of the Pacific‐Farallon Spreading Center north of the Mendocino Fracture Zone

During a 1984 Sea Beam and magnetics survey in the North Pacific we collected data in the area north of the Mendocino fracture zone where a change in the direction of seafloor spreading occurred between magnetic anomalies 24 and 21 and also conducted detailed surveys of the bends in the Surveyor and Mendocino fracture zones associated with this change in plate motion. We have analyzed these data combined with all available magnetics and bathymetric data from previous cruises to determine whether the ridge reorientation and reorganization occurred by way of rift propagation or rift rotation through differential asymmetric spreading. The reorganization began just after anomaly 24 to the north of the Surveyor fracture zone but did not begin between the Mendocino and Surveyor fracture zones until the time of anomaly 22, a 2.5-m.y. delay produced by the old Mendocino transform trend constraining the Farallon plate lithosphere between the Mendocino and Surveyor transforms to move in the old spreading direction until the fracturing through of a new Mendocino transform fault in the new orientation. Most of the reorientation of spreading rift segments occurs within 2-3 m.y. ; the entire reorganization requires about 7 m.y. We find direct evidence for seven propagation episodes accounting for the primary reorientation of 75% of the length of the ridge system, and nowhere is the data more consistent with rift rotation than with rift propagation as the principal means of reorientation. We conclude that the primary mechanism by which the reorganization occurred was rift propagation. Assuming that rift propagation can account for all of the ridge reorganization, we present forward models of magnetic anomaly profiles which succeed in fitting the data well. We then present a model for the tectonic evolution of the reorganization which fits the data well using 11 episodes of both northward and southward propagation.
Imaging in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Review

Simple Summary Urothelial carcinoma, a cancer of the urinary tract, is relatively common in the urinary bladder, termed the lower urinary tract. However, it is much less common in the upper urinary tract, which consists of the pelvicalyceal system and ureters. Medical imaging plays an important role in detection, diagnosis, and treatment planning of this uncommon disease. We aim to review the imaging methods currently available and future directions in the field of radiology to aid clinicians in treatment planning. Abstract Medical imaging is a critical tool in the detection, staging, and treatment planning of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). This article reviews the strengths and weaknesses of the different imaging techniques and modalities available clinically. This includes multidetector computed tomography (CT), multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US), and positron emission tomography (PET) for the detection, staging, and management of UTUC. In addition, we review the imaging techniques that are being developed and are on the horizon but have not yet made it to clinical practice. Firstly, we review the imaging findings of primary UTUC and the techniques across multiple modalities. We then discuss imaging findings of metastatic disease. Lastly, we describe the role of imaging in the surveillance after resection of primary UTUC based upon current guidelines.
Optimization of Fixations for Additively Manufactured Cranial Implants: Insights from Finite Element Analysis

With the emergence of additive manufacturing technology, patient-specific cranial implants using 3D printing have massively influenced the field. These implants offer improved surgical outcomes and aesthetic preservation. However, as additive manufacturing in cranial implants is still emerging, ongoing research is investigating their reliability and sustainability. The long-term biomechanical performance of these implants is critically influenced by factors such as implant material, anticipated loads, implant-skull interface geometry, and structural constraints, among others. The efficacy of cranial implants involves an intricate interplay of these factors, with fixation playing a pivotal role. This study addresses two critical concerns: determining the ideal number of fixation points for cranial implants and the optimal curvilinear distance between those points, thereby establishing a minimum threshold. Employing finite element analysis, the research incorporates variables such as implant shapes, sizes, materials, the number of fixation points, and their relative positions. The study reveals that the optimal number of fixation points ranges from four to five, accounting for defect size and shape. Moreover, the optimal curvilinear distance between two screws is approximately 40 mm for smaller implants and 60 mm for larger implants. Optimal fixation placement away from the center mitigates higher deflection due to overhangs. Notably, a symmetric screw orientation reduces deflection, enhancing implant stability. The findings offer crucial insights into optimizing fixation strategies for cranial implants, thereby aiding surgical decision-making guidelines.
A Microwave Subsurface Imaging Technique for Rough Surfaces

Subsurface microwave imaging is the image reconstruction of objects buried below the surface of a medium, such as soil. Modeling the interactions between the background medium and objects, as well as artifacts due to the limited view of objects, are the major concerns in the image reconstruction process. In this work, we have presented an efficient subsurface microwave imaging technique for the reconstruction of targets in a two-layered medium with an arbitrary rough interface. The use of a computationally expensive two-layered background Green’s function in the classical integral equation model is avoided by exploiting the boundary data model where only a simple homogeneous Green’s function is required. The contrast source imaging technique is reformulated in terms of boundary data and total variation (TV) regularization is included in the cost function multiplicatively to handle limited view and noisy data in a robust way. Numerical simulations demonstrated that the proposed method dramatically reduces the computational time while keeping the same accuracy in comparison to the classical approach.
PCN/BiOCl Polymer-Based Heterojunction with Rich Chlorine Defects for Photocatalytic Amine Oxidation

Porous carbon nitride/bismuth oxychloride (PCN/BiOCl-x) polymer-based heterojunction photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via a simple in situ hydrothermal method. A PCN/BiOCl heterojunction with rich chlorine defects is prepared by adjusting the chlorine content of the BiOCl unit in the heterojunction by changing the solvent. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized via BET, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and optical testing, and they were used for a photocatalytic amine oxidation reaction. The results indicated that the catalytic performance of the PCN/BiOCl heterojunction was significantly enhanced due to the rich chlorine vacancies in the samples. The enhanced catalytic activity may be attributed to the Z-scheme heterojunction, abundant chlorine defects and large specific surface area. At the same time, the catalyst circulation experiment shows that the PCN/BiOCl heterojunction has good circulation performance.
Estimation de profils de distance à haute résolution avec un radar ST

The pulse compression by frequency hopping technique used with adaptive and High-Resolution methods, commonly used in antenna array processing, permits to significantly improve the range resolution of atmospheric pulsed Doppler radars working in low VHF band (50 MHz). Thus, it is possible to obtain High-Resolution range profiles in order to detect layers with vertical extent much smaller than the initial range resolution defined by the transmitted pulse duration. Here, we present the different methods used and their application on the data collected with the VHF mini-radar profiler of LSEET located at Toulon, France (43.7° N, 5.58° E).
A Multiple-Gain-Reconfigurable-Rectifier-Based IPT System for Battery Multistage Constant-Current High-Efficiency Wireless Charging

Inductive power transfer (IPT) technology is widely used for battery charging, whereas trickle charging is necessary for precharging a deeply discharged battery to prolong its lifetime. However, the trickle charging current is much less than the rated charging current. This leads to a challenge for IPT systems to achieve trickle charging and high transmission efficiency as well. In this article, a multiple-gain-reconfigurable-rectifier (MGRR)-based IPT system is proposed for the battery multiple stage constant-current (MSCC) high-efficiency wireless charging, especially for the deeply discharged battery MSCC high-efficiency wireless charging. With the MGRR, the IPT system can theoretically achieve 1.0, 0.5, 0.25, and 0.125 times of the rated output. Thus, trickle charging can be realized without a complicated control scheme. Calculation analysis shows that the proposed IPT system can simultaneously satisfy the battery charging requirements and achieve a near impedance matching for the high transmission efficiency. Finally, a 164-W prototype is built to validate the performance of the system. Experimental results show that the MGRR-based IPT system can effectively charge a deeply discharged battery with a high transmission efficiency as the efficiency in the entire charging process ranges from 89.4% to 93.7%.
Revision of the stratigraphy of the Longobucco group (Liassic, southern Italy); based on new data from nannofossils and ammonites

The Longobucco Group is an anomalous sequence of Liassic sediments up to 1500 m thick, outcropping as a set of thrust slices in northeastern Calabria, southern Italy. It has African-margin aflinities and faunas, but contains anomalously large amounts of siliciclastic debris, and may represent an intermediate sub-domain during the early Tethyan rifting. We recognise and name four widely mappable formations recording rifting and subsidence on Hercynian basement. Macrofaunal evidence indicates that the three lower formations (continental to shelf facies) are of early and mid-Liassic age. The uppermost formation consists of turbidites rapidly deposited in deep water during and after the main rifting phase, which we date as near the midlate Liassic boundary. This reinterpretation is based on new evidence from nannofossils and ammonites. Nannofossils, even though not well-preserved or diverse are widespread and of considerable biostratigraphic use. One new combination, Mitrolithus jansae (Wtrcr.uo), is proposed.
A Regression-Based Scheme for Seasonal Forecasting of New Zealand Temperature

A statistical scheme for predicting New Zealand seasonal-mean temperatures at the beginning of each season has been developed. It is significantly more skillful (in terms of the percentage explained variance) than earlier schemes, raising overall predictive skill to more than 30%, compared to less than 20% skill for prior schemes. Careful selection of predictors, based largely on physical reasoning, is the key reason behind the relatively high skill levels achieved. In particular, summer rainfall is identified as a useful predictor for autumn temperatures. This appears to be related to deep-level soil moisture and temperature, vegetation cover, and their subsequent effects on air temperature. This study emphasizes the importance of spatial coherence between regions in the selection of predictors. Seasonally dependent predictors are shown to significantly improve predictive skill, while spatially dependent predictors generally decrease skill. Estimates of the potential predictability of seasonal-mean New Zealand temperatures suggest that, in all seasons except summer, the statistical relationships documented here capture around 80% of the potential predictive skill.
Deposit Structure and Processes of Sand Deposition from Decelerating Sediment Suspensions

Turbidity currents are notoriously difficult to monitor directly, therefore interpretation of their deposits forms the basis for much of our understanding of these flows. The deceleration rate of a flow is a potentially important yet poorly understood control on depositional processes. A series of experiments were conducted in an annular flume, in which fast (up to 3.5 m/s) and highly turbulent flows of sand (up to 250 µm) and water were decelerated at different rates and processes of deposition and deposit character analyzed. Previously poorly documented depositional processes were observed in the experiments. This is because the flows were initially unusually fast and of prolonged duration, with sustained periods of sediment fallout as the flow slowed down. The conditions in these flows are thus likely to be closer to those at the base of a waning turbidity current than is achieved in other relatively slow experimental flows. The collapse of high-concentration, moving, thin (< 5 mm) near-bed layers (laminar sheared layers) were an important mechanism by which the bed aggraded beneath these unsteady flows. At bed aggradation rates in excess of 0.44 mm/s the sequential collapse of laminar sheared layers produced a structureless, poorly graded and poorly sorted deposit (Bouma Ta). When bed aggradation rates fell below 0.44 mm/s the collapsing laminar sheared layers were reworked by turbulence to form planar laminae (Bouma Tb). These laminae are formed in a very different manner than the planar laminae attributed to bedwaves in previous open-channel flow experiments. Collapse of laminar sheared layers is therefore an alternative process for generating the Bouma Tb division. Inverse grading developed at the base of the deposits of slowly decelerated flows. This inverse grading was probably a result of grain sorting in a high-concentration layer that persisted at the base of the flow for many minutes prior to the onset of deposition.
“Alphabet” Selenoproteins: Implications in Pathology

Selenoproteins are a group of proteins containing selenium in the form of selenocysteine (Sec, U) as the 21st amino acid coded in the genetic code. Their synthesis depends on dietary selenium uptake and a common set of cofactors. Selenoproteins accomplish diverse roles in the body and cell processes by acting, for example, as antioxidants, modulators of the immune function, and detoxification agents for heavy metals, other xenobiotics, and key compounds in thyroid hormone metabolism. Although the functions of all this protein family are still unknown, several disorders in their structure, activity, or expression have been described by researchers. They concluded that selenium or cofactors deficiency, on the one hand, or the polymorphism in selenoproteins genes and synthesis, on the other hand, are involved in a large variety of pathological conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular, muscular, oncological, hepatic, endocrine, immuno-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the specific roles of selenoproteins named after letters of the alphabet in medicine, which are less known than the rest, regarding their implications in the pathological processes of several prevalent diseases and disease prevention.
THE ONTOLOGY APPROACH FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN LEARNING DOCUMENTS

The number of documents on the Internet has increased exponentially. Every day, users upload various documents to the Internet. This raises a problem, how to find content documents that are relevant to user queries. Information Retrieval (IR) become a useful thing to retrieve documents. However, IR still uses a keyword-based approach to content search that has limitations in displaying the meaning of the content. Often, keywords are used mismatch and miss concept with a collection of documents. As a result, IR displays documents that are not relevant to the context of the information needed. To overcome these limitations, this study has applied Ontology-based IR. The dataset used in the study is 100 learning documents in the field of Informatics which include lecture material, practicum modules, lecturer presentations, proceedings articles, and journals. IR performance evaluation is done by comparing ontology-based IR with classical IR (keyword based). We evaluate IR performance by executing ten queries for testing. Documents that retrieves by query execution are calculated for performance by using Precision, Recall, and F-Measure evaluation metrics. Based on IR performance evaluation, obtained average recall, precision and f-measure values for ontology-based IR of 88.11%, 83.38%, and 85.49%. Meanwhile, IR classics obtained average recall, precision, and f -measure 78.70%, 70.96%, and 74.47%. Based on the values of Recall, Precision, and F-Measure, it can be concluded that the use of ontology can improve relevance document.