Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy Formulations of Algebraic Splines

A-splines are implicit real algebraic curves in Bernstein-B ezier (BB) form that are smooth. We develop a spectrum of physical A-spline curve models using various energy formulations based on the theory of elasticity. Our bending and stretching energy formulations yield interactive physically based modeling with A-splines while preserving the advantages of free-form modeling of complex shapes. Algorithms which nd energy-minimizing splines for these formulations are then presented.
Visualization of Large Ontologies with Landmarks

Ontologies are building blocks of the Semantic Web and are essential for knowledge representation and data integration. Interactive visualization is an important tool for the understanding of ontologies, especially large ones. In this paper, we present a novel hierarchical ontology visualization method for effectively visualizing an ontology’s global landmarks, local structure and individual class’ details. We have implemented a visualization system that can handle large ontologies efficiently. Preliminary evaluation indicates that the method and the system can be effectively used to understand large ontologies.
Speech recognition of double talk using SAFIA-based audio segregation

Double-talk recognition under a distant microphone condition, a serious problem in speech applications in a real environment, is realized through use of modiﬁed SAFIA and acoustic model adaptation or training. The original SAFIA is a high-performance audio segregation method based on band selection using two directivity microphones. We have modiﬁed SAFIA by adopting array signal processing and have realized optimal directivity for SAFIA. We also used generalized harmonic analysis (GHA) instead of FFT for the spectral analysis in SAFIA to remove the effect of win-dowing which causes sound-quality degradation in SAFIA. These modiﬁcations of SAFIA enable good segregation in a human auditory sense, but the quality is still insufﬁcient for recognition. Because SAFIA causes some particular distortion, we used MLLR-based acoustic model adaptation and immunity training to be robust to the distortion of SAFIA. These efforts enabled 76.2% word accuracy under the condition that the SN ratio is 0 dB, this represents a 45% reduction in the error obtained in the case where only array signal processing was used, and a 30% error reduction compared with when only SAFIA-based audio segregation was used.
Design of secure communications network system based on data encryption and digital signature

This paper proposes a kind of Identity-Based Cryptograph (IBC) technique which based on password identification, we give a corresponding brief introduction on the characteristics, composition, and basic function of IBC, also expatiates the implement principle of IBC. We designed a network security communication system which is based on data encryption and digital signature technology. The system is practical not only because it can realize secure communication between users, but also it is much more easier to implement than others, it consists of a private key generator (PKG) and two clients. The Clients can generate users' private key by combine their own identifying information with the private key generator, the key generators send the private key to the corresponding client through secret channels and open the corresponding system parameters. Then through the private key and the corresponding identifying information, clients can encrypt, transport, decrypt information and it also can do digital signature or verify signatures and so on, so that secure communications between users can be achieved.
Exploitation of Cytotoxicity of Some Essential Oils for Translation in Cancer Therapy

Essential oils are complex mixtures of several components endowed with a wide range of biological activities, including antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, sedative, analgesic, and anesthetic properties. A growing body of scientific reports has recently focused on the potential of essential oils as anticancer treatment in the attempt to overcome the development of multidrug resistance and important side effects associated with the antitumor drugs currently used. In this review we discuss the literature on the effects of essential oils in in vitro and in vivo models of cancer, focusing on the studies performed with the whole phytocomplex rather than single constituents.
Dynamic coding for time series in load forecasting

Short term load forecasting is an essential part of electric power system planning and operation. The fundamental problem is how to represent the time series data in load forecasting. One of the common approaches is coding, that is transforming the time series to another domain. This paper presents a novel dynamic coding method for time series. The method integrates the whole series information and the position of each point to present the trend of the time series. The method can enhance and smooth the global features by dynamic adjusting the weights; such improve the performance of the similarity calculation for time series. The method has been evaluated on the short term load forecasting, the main application of time series processing. The experimental results have shown that this method provides accurate predictions.
Model Posdaya Dalam Penuntasan Wajib Belajar Pendidikan Dasar 9 Tahun

This paper aims to analyze solutions for the problems using Family and The Community Empowering (Posdaya). Theories used within this model refers to social change and community empowerment theories. Since the complexity of problems face by those hard rock society, the accomplishment of nine-year compulsory learning must be done by means of family empowerment within Posdaya. Posdaya is a forum for communications, ‘silaturahmi', advocacy and education, and simultaneously the institution for activities to strengthen family functions in an integrated manner. Instead of establishing a new institution, the development of Posdaya can be done by optimizing the existing one by empowering activities. Posdaya become a place for discussing daily matters, especially the obstacles in accomplishing the nine-year compulsory learning, among children, parents and community that are fit with their own needs and potential/roles. Posdaya is also capable in re-developing local wisdom and social capital. At the end Posdaya is not only to solve educational problems but also to solve poverty and other social problems. For those reasons the accomplishment of nine-year compulsory learning requests cooperation across departments within coordination of welfare ministry in collaboration with local government and society.
Interaction between Intrathecal Gabapentin and Adenosine in the Formalin Test of Rats

Spinal gabapentin and adenosine have been known to display an antinociceptive effect. We evaluated the nature of the interaction between gabapentin and adenosine in formalin-induced nociception at the spinal level. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared for intrathecal catheterization. Pain was evoked by injection of formalin solution (5%, 50 µL) into the hindpaw. After examination of the effects of gabapentin and adenosine, the resulting interaction was investigated with isobolographic and fractional analyses. Neither gabapentin nor adenosine affected motor function. Gabapentin or adenosine decreased the sum of the number of flinches during phase 2, but not during phase 1 in the formalin test. Isobolographic analysis, in phase 2, revealed an additive interaction between gabapentin and adenosine. Taken together, intrathecal gabapentin and adenosine attenuated the facilitated state and interacted additively with each other.
Overlapping spikes sorting using feature fusion

In this paper, a new feature fusion strategy is proposed directing at the classification issue of overlapping spikes. Firstly, wavelet coefficient features and PCA (principal component analysis) features of spikes are extracted. Secondly, based on the idea of local preserving projection, for different features, the graph incorporating neighborhood information of the data sets was built. A key issue in feature fusion is to derive a fusion graph to reflect relative importance of different features, which can be achieved by a weighted method. Using the notion of the Laplacian of the graph, then a transformation matrix, which maps the data points to a subspace was computed. The two features extracted are fused into a new eigenvector by the transformation matrix. According to the experiment under different noise, this method can obtain an ideal classification effect by adopting lower-dimension features. When the noise level is 0.4, the accuracy rate of this method is increased by 9% compared with single-feature classification on average.
A method for generating narrative discourse to prompt inferences

Narratives that prompt inferences can be more interesting in that they provide the reader with the opportunity to reason about the narrative world, participating in its construction. These narratives can also be more concise and direct, as details can be filled in by the reader. On the other hand, narratives that leave out important information without the opportunity to infer this information may be incoherent. To generate narratives that prompt inferences a system must 1) employ a theory of how inferences are prompted and 2) provide a capacity for creating narratives that satisfy inference goals. This paper presents is a novel algorithm for generating discourse plans that prompt inferences according to a theory of online inferencing in narrative discourse. Though other approaches have generated narrative and discourse structures to influence the reader's perception of the narrative, this is the first approach to present an empirically based cognitive model of online inference generation. The algorithm is a partial-order planning approach to discourse generation, selecting events to tell the reader from an input story plan.
CDTA

The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming the way we live and work by increasing the connectedness of people and things on a scale that was once unimaginable. However, the vulnerabilities in the IoT supply chain have raised serious concerns about the security and trustworthiness of IoT devices and components within them. Testing for device provenance, detection of counterfeit integrated circuits (ICs) and systems, and traceability of IoT devices are challenging issues to address. In this article, we develop a novel radio-frequency identification (RFID)-based system suitable for counterfeit detection, traceability, and authentication in the IoT supply chain called CDTA. CDTA is composed of different types of on-chip sensors and in-system structures that collect necessary information to detect multiple counterfeit IC types (recycled, cloned, etc.), track and trace IoT devices, and verify the overall system authenticity. Central to CDTA is an RFID tag employed as storage and a channel to read the information from different types of chips on the printed circuit board (PCB) in both power-on and power-off scenarios. CDTA sensor data can also be sent to the remote server for authentication via an encrypted Ethernet channel when the IoT device is deployed in the field. A novel board ID generator is implemented by combining outputs of physical unclonable functions (PUFs) embedded in the RFID tag and different chips on the PCB. A light-weight RFID protocol is proposed to enable mutual authentication between RFID readers and tags. We also implement a secure interchip communication on the PCB. Simulations and experimental results using Spartan 3E FPGAs demonstrate the effectiveness of this system. The efficiency of the radio-frequency (RF) communication has also been verified via a PCB prototype with a printed slot antenna.
Acting up: An approach to the study of cognitive development

Despite decades of research, we lack a comprehensive framework to study and explain cognitive development. The emerging " paradigm " of action-based cognition implies that cognitive development is an active rather than a passive, automatic, and self-paced maturational process. Importantly, " active " refers to both sensorimotor activity (in the narrow sense) as well as to autonomous exploration (e.g., as found in active perception or active learning). How does this emphasis on action affect our understanding of cog-nitive development? Can an action-based approach provide a much-needed integrative theory of cognitive development? This chapter reviews key factors that infl uence development (including sensorimo-tor skills as well as genetic, social, and cultural factors) and their associated brain mechanisms. Discussion focuses on how these factors can be incorporated into a comprehensive action-based framework. Challenges are highlighted for future research (e.g., problems associated with explaining higher-level cognitive abilities and devising novel experimental methodologies). Although still in its infancy, an action-based approach to cognitive development holds promise to improve scientifi c understanding of cognitive development and to impact education and technology.
Bacillus thuringiensis Cry5B Protein Is Highly Efficacious as a Single-Dose Therapy against an Intestinal Roundworm Infection in Mice

Background Intestinal parasitic nematode diseases are one of the great diseases of our time. Intestinal roundworm parasites, including hookworms, whipworms, and Ascaris, infect well over 1 billion people and cause significant morbidity, especially in children and pregnant women. To date, there is only one drug, albendazole, with adequate efficacy against these parasites to be used in mass drug administration, although tribendimidine may emerge as a second. Given the hundreds of millions of people to be treated, the threat of parasite resistance, and the inadequacy of current treatments, new anthelmintics are urgently needed. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crystal (Cry) proteins are the most common used biologically produced insecticides in the world and are considered non-toxic to vertebrates. Methods/Principal Findings Here we study the ability of a nematicidal Cry protein, Cry5B, to effect a cure in mice of a chronic roundworm infection caused by the natural intestinal parasite, Heligmosomoides bakeri (formerly polygyrus). We show that Cry5B produced from either of two Bt strains can act as an anthelmintic in vivo when administered as a single dose, achieving a ∼98% reduction in parasite egg production and ∼70% reduction in worm burdens when delivered per os at ∼700 nmoles/kg (90–100 mg/kg). Furthermore, our data, combined with the findings of others, suggest that the relative efficacy of Cry5B is either comparable or superior to current anthelmintics. We also demonstrate that Cry5B is likely to be degraded quite rapidly in the stomach, suggesting that the actual dose reaching the parasites is very small. Conclusions/Significance This study indicates that Bt Cry proteins such as Cry5B have excellent anthelmintic properties in vivo and that proper formulation of the protein is likely to reveal a superior anthelmintic.
Tree growth prediction using size and exposed crown area

We address the relationships between tree growth rate and growing environment for 21 co-occurring species. Tree growth rates are obtained from mapped plots at the Coweeta Long-Term Ecological Research site in the southern Appalachian Mountains. We employ high-resolution aerial photography to assess the light environment for trees growing in these plots, using exposed crown area (ECA) as a surrogate for light interception. The relationship between growth and ECA is compared with two other growth predictors: tree size and shade-tolerance classification. We find that ECA is an excellent predictor of tree growth (average R2 = 0.69 for nine species). When ECA is combined with tree size, growth rate prediction is improved (average R2 = 0.76). Tree size alone is also a strong predictor of tree growth (average R2 = 0.68). Shade-tolerance classification, by contrast, is a poor predictor of tree growth.
Comparison of etomidate and propofol on intubating conditions and the onset time associated with cisatracurium administration

Background This study compared intubating conditions and the onset time associated with administration of cisatracurium, a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker with a relatively slow onset, according to prior injection of one of two intravenous anesthetic agents: propofol or etomidate. Methods Forty-six female patients, undergoing general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation for elective surgery, were randomized to two groups; group P were administered propofol (2 mg/kg) prior to cisatracurium (0.2 mg/kg); group E were administered etomidate (0.3 mg/kg) prior to cisatracurium (0.2 mg/kg). We measured intubating conditions and the onset time according to the types of intravenous anesthetic administered. Measurements of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were taken immediately prior to induction; immediately and 1 min after IV anesthetic administration; and immediately and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 15 min after endotracheal intubation. Results Intubating conditions were superior in group E compared with group P (P = 0.009). The average onset time of cisatracurium was more rapid in group E (155.74 ± 32.92 s vs. 185.26 ± 38.57 s in group P; P = 0.008). There were no group differences in SBP, DBP, and HR following intravenous anesthetic drug injection and endotracheal intubation. However, SBP and DBP were substantially higher in group E after endotracheal intubation. Conclusions Etomidate improves intubating conditions and provide a more rapid onset time of cisatracurium during anesthetic induction compared to propofol.
Mathematical Foundations of Modern Cryptography: Computational Complexity Perspective

Theoretical computer science has found fertile ground in many areas of mathematics. The approach has been to consider classical problems through the prism of computational complexity, where the number of basic compu­ tational steps taken to solve a problem is the crucial qualitative parameter. This new approach has led to a sequence of advances, in setting and solving new mathematical challenges as well as in harnessing discrete mathematics to the task of solving real-world problems. In this talk, I will survey the development of modern cryptography — the mathematics behind secret communications and protocols — in this light. I will describe the complexity theoretic foundations underlying the crypto­ graphic tasks of encryption, pseudo-randomness number generators and func­ tions, zero knowledge interactive proofs, and multi-party secure protocols. I will attempt to highlight the paradigms and proof techniques which unify these foundations, and which have made their way into the mainstream of complexity theory.
Interferon-β Induces Cellular Senescence in Cutaneous Human Papilloma Virus-Transformed Human Keratinocytes by Affecting p53 Transactivating Activity

Interferon (IFN)-β inhibits cell proliferation and affects cell cycle in keratinocytes transformed by both mucosal high risk Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and cutaneous HPV E6 and E7 proteins. In particular, upon longer IFN-β treatments, cutaneous HPV38 expressing cells undergo senescence. IFN-β appears to induce senescence by upregulating the expression of the tumor suppressor PML, a well known IFN-induced gene. Indeed, experiments in gene silencing via specific siRNAs have shown that PML is essential in the execution of the senescence programme and that both p53 and p21 pathways are involved. IFN-β treatment leads to a modulation of p53 phosphorylation and acetylation status and a reduction in the expression of the p53 dominant negative ΔNp73. These effects allow the recovery of p53 transactivating activity of target genes involved in the control of cell proliferation. Taken together, these studies suggest that signaling through the IFN pathway might play an important role in cellular senescence. This additional understanding of IFN antitumor action and mechanisms influencing tumor responsiveness or resistance appears useful in aiding further promising development of biomolecular strategies in the IFN therapy of cancer.
Prevention is better than cure: Addressing anti‐vaccine conspiracy theories

The current research tested if explicit anti-conspiracy arguments could be an effective method of addressing the potentially harmful effects of anti-vaccine conspiracy theories. In two studies, participants were presented with anti-conspiracy arguments either before, or after reading arguments in favor of popular conspiracy theories concerning vaccination. In both studies, anti-conspiracy arguments increased intentions to vaccinate a fictional child but only when presented prior to conspiracy theories. This effect was mediated by belief in anti-vaccine conspiracy theories and the perception that vaccines are dangerous. These findings suggest that people can be inoculated against the potentially harmful effects of anti-vaccine conspiracy theories, but that once they are established, the conspiracy theories may be difficult to correct.
Improving data linkage and deduplication quality through nearest-neighbour based blocking

Linking or matching databases is becoming increasingly important in many data mining projects, as linked data can contain information that is not available otherwise, or that would be too expensive to collect. A main challenge when linking large databases is the complexity of the linkage process: potentially each record in one database has to be compared with all records in the other database. Various techniques, collectively know as blocking, have been developed in the past to deal with this quadratic complexity. In this paper, we evaluate the traditional, as well as several recently developed, blocking techniques within a common framework with regard to the quality of the candidate record pairs generated by them. We propose modifications to existing blocking techniques that replace the traditional global thresholds with nearest-neighbour based parameters. Experimental results on synthetic data sets of different sizes and error characteristics show that significantly higher percentages of true matched candidate record pairs will be generated using these modifications. Additionally, the modified blocking techniques are more robust with regard to changes in parameter settings, making them more suitable for practical linkages.
Nonlocal spectral properties of disordered alloys

A general method is proposed for calculating a fully k-dependent, continuous, and causal spectral function A(k,E) within the recently introduced nonlocal version of the coherent-potential approximation (NLCPA). The method involves the combination of both periodic and anti-periodic solutions to the associated cluster problem and also leads to correct bulk quantities for small cluster sizes. We illustrate the method by investigating the Fermi surface of a two-dimensional alloy. Dramatically, we find a smeared electronic topological transition not predicted by the conventional CPA.