Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient use of random neural networks for cognitive radio system in LTE-UL

Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) or self-organizing mobile cellular networks are a promising technology for 5G that manages the spectrum frequency domain more efficiently. At the heart of CRNs is the cognitive engine (CE), which is responsible for decision making on the optimal configuration settings for the CRN in real time if possible. In this paper a novel paradigm for decision making in the CE will be presented called hierarchical random neural networks (HRNNs). The proposed HRNN model decomposes a large complex neural network into a network of loosely interconnected localized subnets, which allow the simplified understanding of network behaviour and also allows the addition of more nodes for long-term memory (LTM). The model can also accurately capture the dynamic nature of the system. Simulation results of the proposed HRNN structure has shown improvements in learning efficiency (based on required execution time for convergent result) in the range of 33% to 35% with reduced computations.
Association of risk-reducing surgery in BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers with cancer risk and mortality.

CONTEXT Mastectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy are widely used by carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations to reduce their risks of breast and ovarian cancer. OBJECTIVE To estimate risk and mortality reduction stratified by mutation and prior cancer status. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective, multicenter cohort study of 2482 women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations ascertained between 1974 and 2008. The study was conducted at 22 clinical and research genetics centers in Europe and North America to assess the relationship of risk-reducing mastectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy with cancer outcomes. The women were followed up until the end of 2009. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Breast and ovarian cancer risk, cancer-specific mortality, and overall mortality. RESULTS No breast cancers were diagnosed in the 247 women with risk-reducing mastectomy compared with 98 women of 1372 diagnosed with breast cancer who did not have risk-reducing mastectomy. Compared with women who did not undergo risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, women who underwent salpingo-oophorectomy had a lower risk of ovarian cancer, including those with prior breast cancer (6% vs 1%, respectively; hazard ratio [HR], 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.04-0.59) and those without prior breast cancer (6% vs 2%; HR, 0.28 [95% CI, 0.12-0.69]), and a lower risk of first diagnosis of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers (20% vs 14%; HR, 0.63 [95% CI, 0.41-0.96]) and BRCA2 mutation carriers (23% vs 7%; HR, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.16-0.82]). Compared with women who did not undergo risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy was associated with lower all-cause mortality (10% vs 3%; HR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.26-0.61]), breast cancer-specific mortality (6% vs 2%; HR, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.26-0.76]), and ovarian cancer-specific mortality (3% vs 0.4%; HR, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.06-0.80]). CONCLUSIONS Among a cohort of women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, the use of risk-reducing mastectomy was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer; risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy was associated with a lower risk of ovarian cancer, first diagnosis of breast cancer, all-cause mortality, breast cancer-specific mortality, and ovarian cancer-specific mortality.
Crowdsourcing for Affective Annotation of Video: Development of a Viewer-reported Boredom Corpus

Predictions of viewer affective response to video are an important source of information that can be used to enhance the performance of multimedia retrieval and recommendation systems. The development of algorithms for robust prediction of viewer affective response requires corpora accompanied by appropriate ground truth. We report on the development a new corpus to be used to evaluate algorithms for prediction of viewer-reported boredom.We make use of crowdsourcing in order to address two shortcomings of previous affective video corpora: small number of annotators and gap between annotators and target viewer group. We describe the design of the Mechanical Turk setup that we used to generate the affective annotations for the corpus. We discuss specific issues that arose and how we resolve them and then present an analysis of the annotations collected. The paper closes with a list of recommended practices for the collection of self-reported affective annotations using crowdsourcing techniques and an outlook on future work.
Bayesian network prior: network analysis of biological data using external knowledge

Motivation: Reverse engineering GI networks from experimental data is a challenging task due to the complex nature of the networks and the noise inherent in the data. One way to overcome these hurdles would be incorporating the vast amounts of external biological knowledge when building interaction networks. We propose a framework where GI networks are learned from experimental data using Bayesian networks (BNs) and the incorporation of external knowledge is also done via a BN that we call Bayesian Network Prior (BNP). BNP depicts the relation between various evidence types that contribute to the event ‘gene interaction’ and is used to calculate the probability of a candidate graph (G) in the structure learning process. Results: Our simulation results on synthetic, simulated and real biological data show that the proposed approach can identify the underlying interaction network with high accuracy even when the prior information is distorted and outperforms existing methods. Availability: Accompanying BNP software package is freely available for academic use at http://bioe.bilgi.edu.tr/BNP. Contact: hasan.otu@bilgi.edu.tr Supplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Reconstructing the equilibrium Boltzmann distribution from well‐tempered metadynamics

Metadynamics is a widely used and successful method for reconstructing the free‐energy surface of complex systems as a function of a small number of suitably chosen collective variables. This is achieved by biasing the dynamics of the system. The bias acting on the collective variables distorts the probability distribution of the other variables. Here we present a simple reweighting algorithm for recovering the unbiased probability distribution of any variable from a well‐tempered metadynamics simulation. We show the efficiency of the reweighting procedure by reconstructing the distribution of the four backbone dihedral angles of alanine dipeptide from two and even one dimensional metadynamics simulation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2009
Cosmetic surgery growth and correlations with financial indices: a comparative study of the United Kingdom and United States from 2002-2011.

BACKGROUND Over the past 10 years, there has been significant fluctuation in the yearly growth rates for cosmetic surgery procedures in both the United States and the United Kingdom. OBJECTIVES The authors compare cosmetic surgical procedure rates in the United Kingdom and United States with the macroeconomic climate of each region to determine whether there is a direct relationship between cosmetic surgery rates and economic health. METHODS The authors analyzed annual cosmetic surgery statistics from the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons and the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery for 2002-2011 against economic indices from both regions, including the gross domestic product (GDP), consumer prices indices (CPI), and stock market reports. RESULTS There was a 285.9% increase in the United Kingdom and a 1.1% increase in the United States in the number of procedures performed between 2002 and 2011. There were significant positive correlations between the number of cosmetic procedures performed in the United Kingdom and both the GDP (r = 0.986, P < .01) and CPI (r = 0.955, P < .01). Analysis of the US growth rates failed to show a significant relationship with any indices. UK interest rates showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.668, P < .05) with procedures performed, whereas US interest rates showed a significant positive correlation. CONCLUSIONS Data from the United States and United Kingdom suggest 2 very different growth patterns in the number of cosmetic surgeries being performed as compared with the economy in each region. Economic indices are accurate indicators of numbers of procedures being performed in the United Kingdom, whereas rates in the United States seem independent of those factors.
A haptic feedback device based on an active mesh

This paper introduces a preliminary study about the Smart-Mesh, a novel type of active structure capable of deforming actively its shape and thus being able to form objects. It is a new approach to find a solution to the difficulties that are encountered in the field of haptic interaction in virtual environments. The paper describes the basic working principles of the structure, which allow the generation of overhanging surfaces. A first prototype based on 16 nodes and 48 linkages with prismatic joints is presented. The SmartMesh can be embedded into a table, into walls, ceilings and floors. The resolution of the SmartMesh depends on the amount of nodes and the length of the linkages. The linkages can be replaced by linear actuators.
Characterization of a Chitin Synthase Encoding Gene and Effect of Diflubenzuron in Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines

Chitin synthases are critical enzymes for synthesis of chitin and thus for subsequent growth and development in insects. We identified the cDNA of chitin synthase gene (CHS) in Aphis glycines, the soybean aphid, which is a serious pest of soybean. The full-length cDNA of CHS in A. glycines (AyCHS) was 5802 bp long with an open reading frame of 4704 bp that encoded for a 1567 amino acid residues protein. The predicted AyCHS protein had a molecular mass of 180.05 kDa and its amino acid sequence contained all the signature motifs (EDR, QRRRW and TWGTR) of chitin synthases. The quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed that AyCHS was expressed in all major tissues (gut, fat body and integument); however, it had the highest expression in integument (~3.5 fold compared to gut). Interestingly, the expression of AyCHS in developing embryos was nearly 7 fold higher compared to adult integument, which probably is a reflection of embryonic molts in hemimetabolus insects. Expression analysis in different developmental stages of A. glycines revealed a consistent AyCHS expression in all stages. Further, through leaf dip bioassay, we tested the effect of diflubenzuron (DFB, Dimilin ®), a chitin-synthesis inhibitor, on A. glycines' survival, fecundity and body weight. When fed with soybean leaves previously dipped in 50 ppm DFB solution, A. glycines nymphs suffered significantly higher mortality compared to control. A. glycines nymphs feeding on diflubenzuron treated leaves showed a slightly enhanced expression (1.67 fold) of AyCHS compared to nymphs on untreated leaves. We discussed the potential applications of the current study to develop novel management strategies using chitin-synthesis inhibitors and using RNAi by knocking down AyCHS expression.
The Temporal Dynamics of Object Processing in Visual Cortex during the Transition from Distributed to Focused Spatial Attention

Several major cognitive neuroscience models have posited that focal spatial attention is required to integrate different features of an object to form a coherent perception of it within a complex visual scene. Although many behavioral studies have supported this view, some have suggested that complex perceptual discrimination can be performed even with substantially reduced focal spatial attention, calling into question the complexity of object representation that can be achieved without focused spatial attention. In the present study, we took a cognitive neuroscience approach to this problem by recording cognition-related brain activity both to help resolve the questions about the role of focal spatial attention in object categorization processes and to investigate the underlying neural mechanisms, focusing particularly on the temporal cascade of these attentional and perceptual processes in visual cortex. More specifically, we recorded electrical brain activity in humans engaged in a specially designed cued visual search paradigm to probe the object-related visual processing before and during the transition from distributed to focal spatial attention. The onset times of the color popout cueing information, indicating where within an object array the subject was to shift attention, was parametrically varied relative to the presentation of the array (i.e., either occurring simultaneously or being delayed by 50 or 100 msec). The electrophysiological results demonstrate that some levels of object-specific representation can be formed in parallel for multiple items across the visual field under spatially distributed attention, before focal spatial attention is allocated to any of them. The object discrimination process appears to be subsequently amplified as soon as focal spatial attention is directed to a specific location and object. This set of novel neurophysiological findings thus provides important new insights on fundamental issues that have been long-debated in cognitive neuroscience concerning both object-related processing and the role of attention.
Multiple anti‐atherosclerotic treatments impair aspirin compliance: effects on aspirin resistance

Funato M, Tamai H, Konno M, Kamide K, Kawano Y, Miyata T, Fujimura Y. Mutations and common polymorphisms in ADAMTS13 gene responsible for von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99: 11902– 7. 7 Jang MJ, Kim NK, Chong SY, Kim HJ, Lee SJ, Kang MS, Oh D. Frequency of Pro475Ser polymorphism of ADAMTS13 gene and its association with ADAMTS-13 activity in the Korean population. Yonsei Med J 2008; 49: 405–8. 8 Gao W, Dai L, Su J, Wang Z, Ruan C. The frequency of P475S polymorphism in von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease in the Chinese population and its relevance to arterial thrombotic disorders. Thromb Haemost 2004; 91: 1257–8. 9 Bongers TN, De Maat MP, Dippel DW, Uitterlinden AG, Leebeek FW. Absence of Pro475Ser polymorphism in ADAMTS-13 in Caucasians. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3: 805. 10 Kokame K, Nobe Y, Kokubo Y, Okayama A, Miyata T. FRETSVWF73, a first fluorogenic substrate for ADAMTS13 assay. Br J Haematol 2005; 129: 93–100. 11 Groot E, Hulstein JJ, Rison CN, de Groot PG, Fijnheer R. FRETSVWF73: a rapid and predictive tool for thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4: 698–9. 12 Kremer Hovinga JA, Mottini M, Lämmle B. Measurement of ADAMTS-13 activity in plasma by the FRETS-VWF73 assay: comparison with other assay methods. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4: 1146–8. 13 Mahdian R, Rayes J, Girma JP, Houllier A, Obert B, Meyer D, Veyradier A. Comparison of FRETS-VWF73 to full-length VWF as a substrate for ADAMTS13 activity measurement in human plasma samples. Thromb Haemost 2006; 95: 1049–51. 14 Miyata T, Kokame K, Banno F, Shin Y, Akiyama M. ADAMTS13 assays and ADAMTS13-deficient mice. Curr Opin Hematol 2007; 14: 277–83. 15 Furlan M, Robles R, Solenthaler M, Wassmer M, Sandoz P, Lämmle B. Deficient activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease in chronic relapsing thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood 1997; 89: 3097–103. 16 Matsumoto M, Yagi H, Ishizashi H, Wada H, Fujimura Y. The Japanese experience with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpurahemolytic uremic syndrome. Semin Hematol 2004; 41: 68–74.
The influence of log soaking temperature, veneer moisture content, hot-pressing temperature, and hot-pressing time on the self-bonding ability of rotary-cut birch veneer

Self-bonding of wood refers to a technique where pieces of wood are bonded by activating wood constituents with heat and pressure without any added adhesive, and it is enabled by chemical and physical changes within wood. The aim of this thesis was to study the self-bonding ability of birch (Betula pendula) veneer with Automated Bonding Evaluation System (ABES). The effect of moisture content of veneer and log soaking temperature on tensile shear strength of bond line was examined with different hot-pressing parameters, and also the effect of humidity on bonded veneers was assessed. Furthermore, the results from ABES tests were scaled up to a laboratory level plywood testing. The results showed that log soaking temperature and moisture content of veneer significantly influenced the self-bonding ability of birch veneer. Especially, log soaking temperature of 20 °C evidently contributed to bond formation compared to soaking at 70 °C. Moreover, joint effect of lower log soaking temperature and approximately 6 % moisture content provided the greatest shear strength values. Self-bonded birch veneer joint also resisted moisture moderately when relative humidity is elevated from 35 % to 65 %, although signs of weakening of the bond was noted. Based on the results in this thesis the effect of hot-pressing temperature and hotpressing time on self-bonding was substantial. Formation of a proper bond required at least 220 °C of hot-pressing temperature. Alternatively, higher pressing temperature enabled the use of a shorter hot-pressing time. Although the results gained with ABES considering pressing parameters appears to be unambiguous, the application of the results to plywood manufacture requires further research.
Finite automata and algebraic extensions of function fields

On donne une description, dans le langage des automates finis, de la cloture algebrique du corps des fonctions rationnelles F q (t) sur un corps fini F q . Cette description, qui generalise un resultat de Christol, emploie le corps de Hahn-Mal'cev-Neumann des "series formelles generalisees" sur F q . En passant, on obtient une caracterisation des ensembles bien ordonnes de nombres rationnels dont les representations p-adiques sont generees par un automate fini, et on presente des techniques pour calculer dans la cloture algebrique; ces techniques incluent une version en caracteristique non nulle de l'algorithme de Newton-Puiseux pour determiner les developpements locaux des courbes planes. On conjecture une generalisation de nos resultats au cas de plusieurs variables.
Relative Low Glycometabolism May Also Occur in Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma With Visceral Pleural Invasion: Case Report and Comments

AbstractLung cancer is the main cause of cancer deaths in the world and positron emission tomography (PET) is considered as the most accurate diagnosis and staging technique for lung cancer. For human cancers, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET imaging of most primary and metastatic tumors will show significantly increased glucose uptake because high metabolic activity of cancer cells. But there still have the question of false negative or positive rates in diagnostic accuracy need to be considered.A 51 year old man was diagnosed a lung tumor in the right middle lobe without enlargement of lymph nodes by computed tomography (CT). The 18F-FDG-PET/CT presented 1 slight increased metabolism in the tumor region. After resection of the tumor, postoperative pathological examination confirmed that it was invasive lung adenocarcinoma and with visceral pleural invasion while showed relative low glucose absorption in PET/CT.A form of invasive lung adenocarcinoma was diagnosized. The tumor tissues were further confirmed by immunohistochemical assessments, which showed that thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1 or NKX2–1) and Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) were all significant positive.Diagnosis of lung cancer even all other cancers by FDG-PET should be carefully considered the question of accuracy. Our case has added additional literature for us to considering the false-negative of lung cancer diagnosis by 18F-FDG-PET/CT.
Preserving privacy in semantic-rich trajectories of human mobility

The increasing abundance of data about the trajectories of personal movement is opening up new opportunities for analyzing and mining human mobility, but new risks emerge since it opens new ways of intruding into personal privacy. Representing the personal movements as sequences of places visited by a person during her/his movements - semantic trajectory - poses even greater privacy threats w.r. t. raw geometric location data. In this paper we propose a privacy model defining the attack model of semantic trajectory linking, together with a privacy notion, called c-safety. This method provides an upper bound to the probability of inferring that a given person, observed in a sequence of nonsensitive places, has also stopped in any sensitive location. Coherently with the privacy model, we propose an algorithm for transforming any dataset of semantic trajectories into a c-safe one. We report a study on a real-life GPS trajectory dataset to show how our algorithm preserves interesting quality/utility measures of the original trajectories, such as sequential pattern mining results.
The Trophic Significance of the Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin, Sousa chinensis, in Western Taiwan

Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) have attracted considerable attention due to their critically endangered status and related conservation issues, but their trophic relationships and ecological significance in coastal ecosystems are poorly understood. For instance, this species is noticeably more abundant in the Xin-Huwei River Estuary (Ex) of Western Taiwan than in the nearby Zhuoshui River Estuary (Ez), though it is unclear why the distribution shows such partitioning. To explore this topic, we conducted field surveys seasonally for two years from 2012 to 2013 and constructed Ecopath models of Ex, Ez, and an offshore site (Dm) to compare energy flow within the food webs. Model comparisons showed that the availability of food resources was the main factor influencing the biomass of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins. Specifically, its more frequent occurrence in Ex can be attributed to greater phytoplankton production and greater biomasses of macroinvertebrates and prey fish than in the other two areas. An increase in fishing activity might decrease the food availability and, consequently, the biomass of the dolphins. Although the decline in the dolphin population would increase the biomass of some prey fish species, local fishermen might not necessarily benefit from the decline due to the concurrent decrease of highly valued crabs and shrimp. Collectively, our work suggests that the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin is a keystone species in tropical coastal waters of Taiwan, and thereby exhibit a disproportional large ecological impact given their relatively low abundance.
Giant magnetoimpedance in layered composite micro- wires for high-sensitivity magnetic sensor applications

Currently, the design and development of novel magnetic materials with optimized properties is of relevance to study new phenomena and to use them for multifunctional applications of sensor technologies and magnetoelectronic devices. In this letter, we present a detailed investigation of giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect in layered magnetic microwires. A new family of layered microwire composite materials was fabricated by using rapidly quenching and coating techniques. The experimental measurements were performed using an impedance analyzer (HP 4191A) in the frequency range of 100 – 1000 MHz and a varying applied dc magnetic field within ± 300 Oe. Interestingly, the GMI ratio and magnetic-field sensitivity reached the largest values of 3200 and 2400%/Oe at a resonance frequency of 890.15 MHz for layered Co-rich microwire sample, respectively. These results are very ideal for the development of a new family of ultra-sensitive and high-frequency magnetic sensors. Finally, the layered composite magnetic micro-wire developed with enhanced sensitivity performance can be ideally used as sensing elements in magnetic sensor technologies.