Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Spermatid Cell Membrane in Melanoplus differentialis

1. The cell membrane of the spermatid of the grasshopper Melanoplus differentialis is shown to be composed of a double-layered membrane 10 mµ thick. Closely applied to this is an additional outer covering 25 to 35 mµ thick which has a regular geometrical pattern. 2. Models of cell membrane structure are discussed briefly. It is suggested that the pattern results from preferential adsorption of material onto a particular component of the double-layered membrane.
Cardiovascular Complications Associated With Primary Aldosteronism: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study

A higher risk of cardiovascular events has been reported in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) than in otherwise similar patients with essential hypertension (EH). However, the evidence is limited by small sample size and potential confounding factors. We, therefore, compared the prevalence of cardiovascular events in 459 patients with PA diagnosed in our hypertension unit from 2001 to 2006 and 1290 controls with EH. PA cases and EH controls were individually matched for sex, age (±2 years), and office systolic blood pressure (±10 mm Hg). Patients with PA and EH differed significantly in duration of hypertension, serum potassium, plasma aldosterone and plasma renin concentrations, aldosterone-to-renin ratio, and urinary aldosterone concentration (P<0.001 for all comparisons). The prevalence of electrocardiographic and echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy was about twice higher in patients with PA even after adjustment for hypertension duration. PA patients also had a significantly higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (adjusted odds ratio, 1.9), nonfatal myocardial infarction (adjusted odds ratio, 2.6), heart failure (adjusted odds ratio, 2.9), and atrial fibrillation (adjusted odds ratio, 5.0). The risks associated with PA were similar across levels of serum potassium and plasma aldosterone. To conclude, patients with PA are more likely to have had a cardiovascular complication at diagnosis than otherwise similar patients with EH. Target organ damage and complications disproportionate to blood pressure should be considered as an additional argument for suspecting PA in a given individual and possibly for broadening the scope of screening at the population level.
thoracic epidural anesthesia on myocardial blood fl ow and microvascular responsiveness

Background Cardiac sympathetic stimulation increases myocardial blood flow (MBF). The effect of sympathetic blockade by thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) on MBF in cardiovascular healthy patients is unknown. We hypothesized that sympathetic blockade by TEA reduces MBF and impairs microvascular responsiveness. We further hypothesized that general anesthesia with sevoflurane aggravates the impact of TEA on these indices.
Automated Parameter Control for Evolutionary Algorithms

This paper focuses on several aspects to be considered when design ing generic control strategies for Evolutionary Algorithms. We propose a m thod to encapsulate multiple parameters, reducing control to only one variable. This method allows to define generic control strategies regardless of the algor ithm’s operators and of the problem to be solved. Three implementation-indepen nt strategies are proposed and compared on a classical optimisation proble m, considering their generality and performance.
HeteroVisor: Exploiting Resource Heterogeneity to Enhance the Elasticity of Cloud Platforms

This paper presents HeteroVisor, a heterogeneity-aware hypervisor, that exploits resource heterogeneity to enhance the elasticity of cloud systems. Introducing the notion of 'elasticity' (E) states, HeteroVisor permits applications to manage their changes in resource requirements as state transitions that implicitly move their execution among heterogeneous platform components. Masking the details of platform heterogeneity from virtual machines, the E-state abstraction allows applications to adapt their resource usage in a fine-grained manner via VM-specific 'elasticity drivers' encoding VM-desired policies. The approach is explored for the heterogeneous processor and memory subsystems evolving for modern server platforms, leading to mechanisms that can manage these heterogeneous resources dynamically and as required by the different VMs being run. HeteroVisor is implemented for the Xen hypervisor, with mechanisms that go beyond core scaling to also deal with memory resources, via the online detection of hot memory pages and transparent page migration. Evaluation on an emulated heterogeneous platform uses workload traces from real-world data, demonstrating the ability to provide high on-demand performance while also reducing resource usage for these workloads.
Trends in European life expectancy: a salutary view.

Making a difference to the health of populations, however small, is what most people in public health hope they are doing. Epidemiologists are no ex10 ception. But often caught up in the minutiae of our day-to-day work, it is easy to lose sight of the bigger picture. Is health improving, mortality declining, are things moving in a positive direction? Getting out and taking in the view (metaphorically as well as literally) 15 can have a salutary effect. It broadens our perspectives and challenges our assumptions. Looking at recent trends in European life expectancy is a case in point. Since 1950 estimated life expectancy at birth of the 20 world’s population has been increasing. Initially, this
7 GLOBALISATION AND INNOVATION : THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE IRISH MIRACLE

In this chapter we examine the implications of globalisation for innovation policy and corporate strategy. We draw on both the resource-based value (RBV) and competency-based perspectives on the economics of strategy to discuss research into networking, cluster development, and the role of transnational corporations (TNCs) in technology transfer and diffusion. Although researchers in this burgeoning field can loosely be categorised as falling into two opposing camps—those who are pessimistic and those who are optimistic about the magnitude of the net benefits that flow from TNCs to indigenous firms within host regions—we argue that representatives from each camp operate within a similar theoretical framework. Where they differ is in the respective weight they place on obstacles to diffusion in contrast to the opportunities for knowledge transfer and the local growth of new-technology-based companies (NTBCs). In the second part of the paper we examine the Irish experience with national innovation policy and cluster development, focusing in particular on growth of indigenous NTBCs in the Galway region. The framework that we have outlined provides some insight into the reasons for the apparent success of government policies designed to promote regional clusters of NTBC firms.
The Pichia pastoris dihydroxyacetone kinase is a PTS1‐containing, but cytosolic, protein that is essential for growth on methanol

Dihydroxyacetone kinase (DAK) is essential for methanol assimilation in methylotrophic yeasts. We have cloned the DAK gene from Pichia pastoris by functional complementation of a mutant that was unable to grow on methanol. An open reading frame of 1824 bp was identified that encodes a 65·3 kDa protein with high homology to DAK from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although DAK from P. pastoris contained a C‐terminal tripeptide, TKL, which we showed can act as a peroxisomal targeting signal when fused to the green fluorescent protein, the enzyme was primarily cytosolic. The TKL tripeptide was not required for the biochemical function of DAK because a deletion construct lacking the DNA encoding this tripeptide was able to complement the P. pastoris dakΔ mutant. Peroxisomes, which are essential for growth of P. pastoris on methanol, were present in the dakΔ mutant and the import of peroxisomal proteins was not disturbed. The dakΔ mutant grew at normal rates on glycerol and oleate media. However, unlike the wild‐type cells, the dakΔ mutant was unable to grow on methanol as the sole carbon source but was able to grow on dihydroxyacetone at a much slower rate. The metabolic pathway explaining the reduced growth rate of the dakΔ mutant on dihydroxyacetone is discussed. The nucleotide sequence reported in this paper has been submitted to GenBank with Accession Number AF019198. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unbiased estimation of an angular power spectrum

We discuss the derivation of the analytic properties of the cross-power spectrum estimator from multi-detector CMB anisotropy maps. The method is computationally convenient and it provides unbiased estimates under very broad assumptions. We also propose a new procedure for testing for the presence of residual bias due to inappropriate noise subtraction in pseudo-Cl estimates. We derive the analytic behaviour of this procedure under the null hypothesis, and use Monte Carlo simulations to investigate its efficiency properties, which appear very promising. For instance, for full sky maps with isotropic white noise, the test is able to identify an error of 1% on the noise amplitude estimate.
Correlation Analysis of Compacted Test Vectors and the Use of Correlated Vectors for Test Generation

In this paper we present novel correlation analyses methods to analyze the compacted test sets. In spatial correlation, we identified strong correlation chains, while in the temporal domain, correlating a segment of the test set with the entire sequence discovered periodicities in the compacted test set sequence. These suggest the potential of a new way for generating test sequences. We report preliminary experiments in which only the spatial correlation was used to generate random vectors, which when compacted, provided tests for several ISCAS’89 benchmarks.
Advances and Applications in Bioinformatics and Chemistry Dovepress Identification of Highly Conserved Regions in L-segment of Crimean–congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus and Immunoinformatic Prediction about Potential Novel Vaccine

Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonotic viral disease with a disease fatality rate between 15% and 70%. Despite the wide range of distribution, the virus (CCHFV) is basically endemic in Africa, Asia, eastern Europe, and the Middle East. Acute febrile illness associated with petechiae, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and multiple-organ failure are the main symptoms of the disease. With all these fatal effects, CCHFV is considered a huge threat as no successful therapeutic approach is currently available for the treatment of this disease. In the present study, we have used the immunoinformatics approach to design a potential epitope-based vaccine against the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-L of CCHFV. Both the T-cell and B-cell epitopes were assessed, and the epitope " DCSSTPPDR " was found to be the most potential one, with 100% conservancy among all the strains of CCHFV. The epitope was also found to interact with both type I and II major histocompatibility complex molecules and is considered nonallergenic as well. In vivo study of our proposed peptide is advised for novel universal vaccine production, which might be an effective path to prevent CCHF disease.
Intensive Use of Lexicon and Corpus for WSD

The paper addresses the issue of how to use linguistic information in Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD). We introduce a knowledge-driven and unsupervised WSD method that requires only a large corpus previously tagged with POS and very little grammatical knowledge. The WSD process is performed taking into account the syntactic patterns in which the ambiguous occurrence appears, relaying in the hypothesis of "almost one sense per syntactic pattern". This integration allows us to obtain, from corpora, paradigmatic and syntagmatic information related to the ambiguous occurrence. We also use variants of EWN information for word senses and different WSD algorithms. We report the results obtained when applying the method on the Spanish lexical sample task in Senseval-2. This methodology is easily transportable to other languages.
Project Control System to Track and Optimize Chip Design Projects

— Nowadays, the managing of product development projects is increasingly challenging. Especially the IC design of ASICs with both analog and digital components (mixed-signal design) is becoming more and more complex, while the time-to-market window narrows at the same time. Still, high quality standards must be fulfilled. Projects and their status are becoming less transparent due to this complexity. This makes the planning and execution of projects rather difficult. Therefore, there is a need for efficient project control. A main challenge is the objective evaluation of functional and extra functional project goals to enable the assessment of the current development status. Even though quality modeling techniques to formalize quality characteristics exist, they did not reach a broader acceptance in practice so far. Companies often develop special solutions that are not reusable in other projects. This makes the quality measurement process itself less efficient and produces too much overhead. The method proposed in this paper is a contribution to solve these issues. It is applied at a German design house for analog mixed-signal IC design. This paper presents the results of a case study and introduces an optimized project scheduling on the basis of quality assessment results.
CyberVis: Visualizing the potential impact of cyber attacks on the wider enterprise

A variety of data-mining tools and filtering techniques exist to detect and analyze cyber-attacks by monitoring network traffic. In recent years many of these tools use visualization designed to make traffic patterns and impact of an attack tangible to a security analyst. The visualizations attempt to facilitate understanding elements of an attack, including the location of malicious activity on a network and the consequences for the wider system. The human observer is able to detect patterns from useful visualizations, and so discover new knowledge about existing data sets. Because of human reasoning, such approaches still have an advantage over automated detection, data-mining and analysis. The core challenge still lies in using the appropriate visualization at the right time. It is this lack of situational awareness that our CyberVis framework is designed to address. In this paper we present a novel approach to the visualization of enterprise network attacks and their subsequent potential consequences. We achieve this by combining traditional network diagram icons with Business Process Modeling and Notation (BPMN), a risk-propagation logic that connects the network and business-process and task layer, and a flexible alert input schema able to support intrusion alerts from any third-party sensor. Rather than overwhelming a user with excessive amounts of information, CyberVis abstracts the visuals to show only noteworthy information about attack data and indicates potential impact both across the network and on enterprise tasks. CyberVis is designed with the Human Visual System (HVS) in mind, so severe attacks (or many smaller attacks that make up a large risk) appear more salient than other components in the scene. A Deep-Dive window allows for investigation of data, similar to a database interface. Finally, a Forensic Mode allows movie-style playback of past alerts under user-defined conditions for closer examination.
Social Network Analysis of a Criminal Hacker Community

Computer crime hackers have been identified as a primary threat to computer systems, users, and organizations. Much extant research on hackers is conducted from a technical perspective and at an individual level of analysis. This research empirically examines the social organization of a hacker community by analyzing one network called Shadowcrew. The social network structure of this infamous hacker group is established using social networking methods for text mining and network analysis. Analysis of relationships among hackers shows a decentralized network structure. Leaders are identified using four actor centrality measures (degree, betweenness, closeness, and eigenvector) and found to be more involved in thirteen smaller sub-groups. Based on our social network analysis, Shadowcrew exhibits the characteristics of deviant team organization structure.
Epidemic K-Means Clustering

The K-Means algorithm for cluster analysis is one of the most influential and popular data mining methods. Its straightforward parallel formulation is well suited for distributed memory systems with reliable interconnection networks. However, in large-scale geographically distributed systems the straightforward parallel algorithm can be rendered useless by a single communication failure or high latency in communication paths. This work proposes a fully decentralised algorithm (Epidemic K-Means) which does not require global communication and is intrinsically fault tolerant. The proposed distributed K-Means algorithm provides a clustering solution which can approximate the solution of an ideal centralised algorithm over the aggregated data as closely as desired. A comparative performance analysis is carried out against the state of the art distributed K-Means algorithms based on sampling methods. The experimental analysis confirms that the proposed algorithm is a practical and accurate distributed K-Means implementation for networked systems of very large and extreme scale.
Local stabilization of discrete-time linear systems with saturating controls: an LMI-based approach

Deals with the problem of local stabilization of linear discrete-time systems subject to control saturation. An LMI-based framework is proposed in order to compute a saturating state feedback that stabilizes the system with respect to a given set of admissible initial states and, in addition, guarantees some dynamical performances when the system operates in the zone of linear behavior (without control saturation).
Vacation policy optimization with application to IEEE 802.16e power saving mechanism

Much research has been devoted to optimizing the power saving mechanism in wireless mobile devices. Recent advances in wireless radio technology facilitate the implementation of various possible sleep policies. One basic question that arises is: which policy performs best under a certain condition? Furthermore, what are the optimal parameters for a given policy? To answer these questions, we formulate an optimization problem, which entails cost minimization for a given parameterized policy and selection of the best policy among a class. We propose a cost function which captures the inherent tradeoff of delay and energy saving. This takes into account the cost of response time due to the extra sleep, the energy saving during the sleep, and the cost for periodic waking up (for listening). As an application, we consider IEEE 802.16e's power saving mechanism. We study various practical policies and check their performance. We show that the constant duration policy is optimal for Poisson inactivity periods, but not for hyper-exponentially distributed inactivity periods. In the policy where vacations are i.i. d. exponential random variables, we derive analytically the optimal control as a function of the expected inactivity period. This result holds for general inactivity periods. Our framework allows us to compare the performance of several optimal and suboptimal practical policies with that of the IEEE 802.16e standard.
Electron Acceleration and Time Variability of High-Energy Emission from Blazars

Blazars are known to emit a broadband emission from radio to gamma rays with rapid time variations, particularly in X-rays and gamma rays. Synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton scattering are thought to play an important role in emission, and the time variations are likely related to the acceleration of nonthermal electrons. As simultaneous multiwavelength observations with continuous time spans have been recently available, some characteristics of electron acceleration can possibly be inferred from the spectral changes of high-energy emission. In order to make such inferences, we solve the time-dependent kinetic equations of electrons and photons simultaneously, using a simple model for electron acceleration. We then show how the time variations of emission are dependent on electron acceleration. We also present a simple model for a flare in X-rays and TeV gamma rays by temporarily changing the acceleration timescale. Our model can be used to analyze observed data in detail to obtain information on electron acceleration in blazars.
Exploring Literacy Coaching as a Form of Staff Development

Exploring Literacy Coaching as a Form of Staff Development by Kate Matthews Welborn MA, Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, 2001 BS, Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, 1998 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Walden University June 2016
A Toolchain for Designing and Testing XACML Policies

In modern pervasive application domains, such as Service Oriented Architectures (SOAs) and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems, security aspects are critical. Justified confidence in the security mechanisms that are implemented for assuring proper data access is a key point. In the last years XACML has become the de facto standard for specifying policies for access control decisions in many application domains. Briefly, an XACML policy defines the constraints and conditions that a subject needs to comply with for accessing a resource and doing an action in a given environment. Due to the complexity of the language, XACML policy specification is a difficult and error prone process that requires specific knowledge and a high effort to be properly managed.
Rich Traceability

Creating traceability through the use of links between paragraphs of documents, or between objects in a requirements database, is a great step forward for many systems engineering organisations. It enables analysis of impact, coverage and derivation to be performed, and greatly improves the requirements management process. However, the semantics of the relationship induced by such links is very shallow: when one object is linked to another, the strongest meaning it can have is “ this object may be impacted by changes to the other object” . The next step in process improvement through traceability may be to encourage the use of a deeper semantics in the traceability relationship. Satisfiability, for instance, is a richer relationship, requiring the ability to explain that one user requirement may be satisfied by the conjunction of several system requirements, or by any one of a set of system requirements. This paper builds on the ideas of others to define a possible approach to richer traceability relationships, making use of textual rationale and propositional logic in the construction of traceability arguments. The underlying logic allows other, deeper kinds of analysis to be performed. The paper also discusses the way the same structures can be applied to the management of requirements for product families. The use of “ exclusive or” in rich traceability provides a way of representing alternative ways of meeting sets of requirements. It can therefore be used to represent the variance in system requirements addressed by different configurations of a product range.