Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title Physical properties of the cytoplasm modulate the rates of microtubule polymerization and depolymerization

The cytoplasm is a crowded, visco-elastic environment whose physical properties change according to physiological or developmental states. How the physical properties of the cytoplasm impact cellular functions in vivo remain poorly understood. Here, we probed the effects of cytoplasmic concentration on microtubules by applying osmotic shifts to fission yeast, moss, and mammalian cells. We show that both the rates of microtubule polymerization and depolymerization scale linearly and inversely with cytoplasmic concentration; an increase in cytoplasmic concentration decreases the rates of microtubule polymerization and depolymerization proportionally, while a decrease in cytoplasmic concentration leads to the opposite. Numerous lines of evidence indicate that these effects are due to changes in cytoplasmic viscosity rather than cellular stress responses or macromolecular crowding per se. We reconstituted these effects on microtubules in vitro by tuning viscosity. Our findings indicate that, even in normal conditions, the viscosity of cytoplasm modulates the reactions underlying microtubule dynamic behaviors.
A unified splitting algorithm for composite monotone inclusions

Operator splitting methods have been recently concerned with inclusions problems based on composite operators made of the sum of two monotone operators, one of them associated with a linear transformation. We analyze here a general and new splitting method which indeed splits both operator proximal steps, and avoiding costly numerical algebra on the linear operator. The family of algorithms induced by our generalized setting includes known meth-ods like Chambolle-Pock primal-dual algorithm and Sheﬁ-Teboulle Proximal Alternate Direction Method of Multipliers. The study of the ergodic and non ergodic convergence rates show similar rates with the classical Douglas-Rachford splitting scheme. We end with an application to a multi-block convex optimization model which leads to a generalized Separable Augmented Lagrangian Algorithm
Transient Hydrodynamic Dispersion in Rough Open Channels: Theoretical Analysis of Bed-Form Effects

A stochastic Lagrangian approach is proposed to describe dispersion in a two-dimensional low-regime river flow past random bed undulations characterized by the superposition of periodical and stationary exponential correlations, through a suitable time-dependent coefficient. The resulting dimensionless expression depends on the overall resistance factor, which is proportional to the average Peclet number of the process. A graphical analysis shows that the oscillatory transient originating from the periodic component of the bottom elevation pattern is enhanced by reduced global flow resistance, while relatively more intense tracer spreading is associated with wavelike profiles affected by persistent trendless random noise, which also determines the characteristic time needed by the plume to achieve the asymptotic domain. Numerical simulations, validating the first-order analytical approach in a wide range of heterogeneous bed geometries, are also discussed. A semianalytical procedure is finally suggested for the study of depth-averaged transport processes in real three-dimensional streams, based on the use of the derived dispersion coefficient.
Do Eocrinoids Belong to the Cambrian or to the Paleozoic Evolutionary Fauna

Eocrinoids are the stem group of blastozoan echinoderms, representing the primitive early members of the radiation that produced all of the forms that had brachioles. They were established as a separate class of echinoderms by Jaekel (1918), and more recently have been reviewed or discussed by Regndll (1945, 1960), Ubaghs (1968 Treatise chapter), Sprinkle (1973 monographic revision), Broadhead (1982), Paul and Smith (1984), Smith (1984, 1988), Paul (1988, 1989), and Sprinkle (1992). Eocrinoids were the most diverse echinoderm class in the Cambrian and were often the most abundant echinoderms throughout much of this period. They continued on as relatively common members of echinoderm communities through the Middle Ordovician, then becoming uncommon before their final extinction at the end of the Middle Silurian. Sprinkle (1973) and other authors have argued that eocrinoids were ancestral to other classes of brachiole-bearing echinoderms that had developed advanced features such as reduced and standardized thecal plating and specialized thecal respiratory structures at the time of their first appearance in the Early and Middle Ordovician. This position as the basal members of a larger radiation makes eocrinoids a paraphyletic class, a group that includes a common ancestor and some but not all of the descendants. At present, six descendant lineages originating from different eocrinoid ancestors are recognized as separate echinoderm classes in an evolutionary systematics classification, all appearing in the Early or Middle Ordovician. These include the classes Rhombifera (Early Ordovician Late Devonian), Diploporita (Early Ordovician Early Devonian), Coronoidea (Middle Ordovician Late Silurian), Blastoidea (Middle Ordovician, Middle Silurian Late Permian), Paracrinoidea (Early Ordovician Early Silurian), and Parablastoidea (Early Middle Ordovician). Competition with these advanced blastozoan classes and with crinoids may have caused the decline and final extinction of eocrinoids in the Late Ordovician and Silurian.
Dynamics of Output Growth , Consumption and Physical Capital in Two-Sector Models of Endogenous Growth by

JEL # J6 This paper examines the idea of ranking of groups and genders in terms of hiring probabilities. By incorporating a range of complementary data sources, measures of the three possible gross worker flows into employment, and the stocks of job seekers from which they come, are provided for both genders in the Australian labour market. We find a clear ranking of men over women in the hiring process. Indeed, in aggregate women appear to be effectively segregated from the male hiring market, whereas this is not true with males in the female hiring market. We also find that amongst males, employed job seekers are ranked above those unemployed and, in turn, above those not in the labour force. For women, the unemployed and employed are not found to be competing with each other, whilst those not in the labour force are ranked below the unemployed. We believe that this is the first study explicitly investigating these three major gross worker flows for women as well as men, enabling us to further explore the interdependent processes in the labour market by considering more fully the interactions across job seekers of different genders and from different labour market states.
The Role of Psychiatry in Events of Disaster

s: Articles should not include an abstract. Please note that we will consider articles outside of the theme. The Residents’ Journal accepts manuscripts authored by medical students, resident physicians, and fellows; manuscripts authored by members of faculty cannot be accepted. Upcoming Issue Themes October 2011 Section Theme: Interventional Psychiatry Guest Sectionv Editor: Adam Stern, M.D. astern2@bidmc.harvard. edu November 2011 Section Theme: Autistic Disorders Guest Section Editor: Arshya Vahabzadeh, M.D. arshya.vahabzadeh@emory.edu December 2011 Section Theme: Sleep Guest Section Editor: Dawn Flosnik, M.D. pitt2psu@gmail.com January 2012 Section Theme: PTSD and Traumatic Brain Injuries Guest Section Editor: Brandon Cornejo, M.D., Ph.D. cornejo.brandon@gmail.com February 2012 Section Theme: Family Psychiatry Guest Section Editor: Michael Ascher, M.D. michaelaschermd@gmail.com
Methods A ﬂexible multi-species genome-wide 60K SNP chip developed from pooled resequencing of 240 Eucalyptus tree genomes across 12 species

/12 – 20 kb, and 47 069 SNPs at ≤ 10 kb from 30 444 of the 33 917 genes in the Eucalyptus genome. (cid:1) Given the EUChip60K multi-species genotyping ﬂexibility, we show that both the sample size and taxonomic composition of cluster ﬁles impact heterozygous call speciﬁcity and sensitivity by benchmarking against ‘gold standard’ genotypes derived from deeply sequenced individual tree genomes. Thousands of SNPs were shared across species, likely representing ancient variants arisen before the split of these taxa, hinting to a recent eucalypt radiation. We show that the variable SNP ﬁltering constraints allowed coverage of the entire site frequency spectrum, mitigating SNP ascertainment bias. (cid:1) The EUChip60K represents an outstanding tool with which to address population genomics questions in Eucalyptus and to empower genomic selection, GWAS and the broader study of complex trait variation in eucalypts.
The Quality of Attachment in Premature Infants: An Analysis of The Quality of Attachment in Premature Infants: An Analysis of Mother-Infant Relationships Mother-Infant Relationships

The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative case study using secondary data on four mothers with premature infants in a home visitation intervention group. Three data points were collected on each mother and infant: the health of the infant, the quality of attachment as seen in play interactions, and maternal life circumstances such as depression, social support and use of community resources. The data was looked at prenatally up until the infants were 15 months old. The results indicated that all four infants were relatively healthy across the first year of their lives. Three out of the four mothers had a secure attachment with their premature infants at 12 months of age and one mother was at risk for an insecure attachment. All four mothers demonstrated some positive play interactions; however, one mother in particular demonstrated low involvement. Of the four mothers, one was highly depressed, and the other three mothers were minimally to moderately depressed. The four mothers were also in a marital or partner relationship, and all reported satisfaction in their support systems as well as very similar uses of community resources. The results of this study can be used to assist Home Visitors in understanding the need to help mothers improve their interactions with their premature infants and to encourage the Home Visitors to refer the mothers who show any signs of depression.
Application of ADINA to Analysis of Earthquake Response of Gravity Dam

With an aim at a gravity dam in Yunnan,using ADINA,a numerical analysis model is establish on the basis of the dynamic fluid-structure coupling theory and the additional mass method,and also,the self-vibration frequency and the seismic response of the dam structure are analysed.The results indicate that the two models' self-vibration frequency is approximately the same and that the seismic response with additional mass is larger than corresponding result with the fluid-structure coupling.Therefore,in the gravity dam's seismic research,it is comparatively safe to adopt the simple additional mass model instead of the complex fluid-structure coupling model,so that the additional mass model is practical for the qualitative analysis in the seismic research of the gravity dam structure.
Physiological and emotional responses to stress in nursing students : an integrative review of scientific literature

Objective: To analyze the scientific results published in national and international nursing journals related to the physiological and emotional responses of nursing students. Methods: We performed an integrative review of scientific literature, focusing on the databases PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS and SciELO. In the sample, we included works available in full text, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, published between July 2004 to July 2009, and which contained at least one descriptor in the title and three in the text, directly related to physiological and psychological manifestations of stress in nursing students. Results: Of 126 articles identified, only 13 referred to the theme; of these, five addressed psychological manifestations, four addressed physiological manifestations, and four others identified both. Of the total, four studies were longitudinal and nine were transverse. Conclusion: In terms of results, it was observed that the theme should be further studied and developed in the process of teaching and learning of nursing, because it was verified that stress is a frequent occurrence and has major consequences for these students. Descriptors: Nursing student/psychology; Stress; Physiological stress; Psychological stress
La Follette School of Public Affairs

This paper examines the nature of learning in networks dealing with conditions of high uncertainty. I apply Koppenjan and Klijn’s (2004) framework for understanding network uncertainty to an extreme example: an inter-organizational crisis taskforce dealing with an exotic animal disease. The paper identifies the basic difficulties involved in learning under crisis conditions. The taskforce had to learn most of the elements taken for granted in more mature structural forms – the nature of the structural framework in which it was working, how to adapt that framework, the role and actions appropriate for each individual, and how to deal with unanticipated problems. The network pursued this learning in a variety of ways. Most critically, the taskforce used standard operating procedures to provide a form of network memory, and a command and control structure to reduce institutional and strategic uncertainty.
DISTRIBUTION OF POTENTIAL OLIVINE SITES ON THE SURFACE OF VESTA BY DAWN FC.

A. Nathues, M. Hoffmann, M. Schafer, G. Thangjam, V. Reddy, E. A. Cloutis, K. Mengel, U. Christensen, H. Sierks, L. Le Corre, J. B. Vincent, C. T. Russell, C. Raymond, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, Arizona, USA, University of Winnipeg, Canada, Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, University of California, Los Angeles, USA, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, USA; (nathues@mps.mpg.de).
. (2014) A Frequency and Polarization Reconfigurable Circularly Polarized Antenna Using Active EBG Structure for Satellite Navigation. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation

— This paper presents a broadband frequency tunable and polarization recon ﬁ gurable circularly polarized (CP) antenna, using a novel active electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure. The EBG surface employs identical metallic rectangular patch arrays on both sides of a thin substrate, but rotated by 90 from each other. The active bias circuits are also orthogonal for each surface, enabling the re ﬂ ection phases for orthogonal incident waves to be tuned independently in a wide frequency range. By placing a wideband coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed monopole antenna above the EBG surface, and properly tuning the bias voltages across the varactors in each direction, CP waves can be generated at any desired frequency over a broad band. In accordance with simulations, the measured 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth reaches 40% (1.03–1.54 GHz), with good input matching and radiation patterns at six presented sampling frequencies. The polarization recon ﬁ gurability is veri ﬁ ed by simulations and measurements, and shown to be capable of switching between left hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right hand circular polarization (RHCP).
Effect of an eccentric overload and small-side games training in training accelerations and decelerations

: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects that two different training programs have on the characteristics of the accelerations (ACC) and decelerations (DCC) of the soccer players and their ability to maintain them over time in a training task. Twenty-three female soccer players from a Spanish professional club were split into three groups: a Small-sided game training (SGG), an eccentric overload training (EOG) and a control group (CG). The ACC and DCC variables were analysed in a training task before and after the training protocol using GPS devices. The SSG improved the total distance travelled [ES (CI) = 0.32 (0.04; 0.60)], the number of ACC >2 m/s 2 [ES (CI) = 0.60 (-0.16; 1.36)], distance travelling ACC between 2-3 m/s 2 [ES (CI) = 0.62 (-0.01; 1.25)], initial velocity ACC [ES (CI) = 0.88 (-0.10; 1.86)] and the percentage of repeated ACC [ES (IC) = 0.58 (-0.11; 1.28)] with respect to the CG. The EOG group improved distance travelling ACC [ES (CI) = 0.66 (-0.10; 1.41)] and DCC [ES (CI) = 1.21 (0.77; 1.64)] over 3 m/s 2 , maximum ACC [ES (CI) = 0.92 (0.40; 1.44)] and DCC [ES (CI) = 1.16 (0.58; 1.74)], average ACC [ES (CI) = 1.07 (0.40; 1.74)] and DCC [ES (CI) = 0.91 (0.24; 1.54)] and the number of DCC >2 m/s 2 [ES (CI) = 0.54 (-0.18; 1.26)] with respect to the CG. In conclusion, the SGG obtained improvements in the ACC variables, while the EOG brought about improvements in the ACC and DCC variables.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Graph-Based Thermal–Inertial SLAM With Probabilistic Neural Networks

—Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) system typically employ vision-based sensors to observe the surrounding environment. However, the performance of such systems highly depends on the ambient illumination conditions. In scenarios with adverse visibility or in the presence of airborne particulates (e.g. smoke, dust, etc.), alternative modalities such as those based on thermal imaging and inertial sensors are more promising. In this paper, we propose the ﬁrst complete thermal-inertial SLAM system which combines neural abstraction in the SLAM front end with robust pose graph optimization in the SLAM back end. We model the sensor abstraction in the front end by employing probabilistic deep learning parameterized by Mixture Density Networks (MDN). Our key strategies to successfully model this encoding from thermal imagery are the usage of normalized 14-bit radiometric data, the incorporation of hallucinated visual (RGB) features, and the inclusion of feature selection to estimate the MDN parameters. To enable a full SLAM system, we also design an efﬁcient global image descriptor which is able to detect loop closures from thermal embedding vectors. We performed extensive experiments and analysis using three datasets, namely self-collected ground robot and handheld data taken in indoor environment, and one public dataset (SubT-tunnel) collected in underground tunnel. Finally, we demonstrate that an accurate thermal-inertial SLAM system can be realized in conditions of both benign and adverse visibility.
University of Birmingham Accounting for systematic errors in bioluminescence imaging to improve quantitative accuracy

Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a widely used pre-clinical imaging technique, but there are a number of limitations to its quantitative accuracy. This work uses an animal model to demonstrate some significant limitations of BLI and presents processing methods and algorithms which overcome these limitations, increasing the quantitative accuracy of the technique. The position of the imaging subject and source depth are both shown to affect the measured luminescence intensity. Free Space Modelling is used to eliminate the systematic error due to the camera/subject geometry, removing the dependence of luminescence intensity on animal position. Bioluminescence tomography (BLT) is then used to provide additional information about the depth and intensity of the source. A substantial limitation in the number of sources identified using BLI is also presented. It is shown that when a given source is at a significant depth, it can appear as multiple sources when imaged using BLI, while the use of BLT recovers the true number of sources present.
Optimal Well Location in a River Bank Filtration System: Sensitivity to Aquifer Characteristics and Decay Rate

AbstractAn optimization model is developed to locate pumping wells in a river bank filtration system to minimize the overall cost of pumping and treatment. The model combines the numerical solution of water flow and solute transport from the river to the pumping wells with a genetic-algorithm-based optimization technique. The water quality parameters considered in the study are the concentration of (1) suspended solids, (2) endosulfan, which is a widely used pesticide in agriculture, and (3) E. coli. It was observed that the fitness function increases at a faster rate near the river before attaining the optimum. However, the rate of decrease in the fitness function is gradual after the optimum. It is concluded that the genetic-algorithm-based optimization technique is an efficient and robust in the estimation of optimum well distance. Sensitivity analysis of the optimal distance and total cost due to variation in aquifer characteristics and decay rate is also presented.
'Fair is foul and foul is fair': response to a critique

The farms arelocated at the mouth of Nahal Arava, a dry riverbed.Winter flash-floods deposit large quantities of alluvialsilt and fine sand in the Gulf (Katz et al. 2002), imped-ing the development of coral reefs by suffocating orburying coral colonies. For that reason, no developedreef structures are found in this area and coral coloniesare located only on elevated manmade hard substratessuch as automobile tires, concrete sinkers, metalcables and buoys.For the past 4 decades, the reefs of Eilat have beencontinuously declining, primarily because of the com-bined effects of pollution, floods, tourism, shorelinedevelopment and urban sewage (Loya 1990, Fishelson1995, Epstein et al. 1999). The rapid development offish farming at Eilat during the last decade has spurredconcern and debate over its impact on the coral reefreserve, located 8 km south of the farms. Despite thedifficulty in discriminating between the effects of thevarious anthropogenic impacts and their relative con-tribution to the decline of the coral reef at Eilat, thetrendy perception (which, once published, perpetuatesitself through media hype, and economic and politicalinterests) is that the fish farms are the major cause forthe deterioration. It is therefore disconcerting that noscientific study has been carried out to test, under con-trolled experimental conditions, the impact of the fishfarms on those reefs. The aim of our studies (Bongiorni et al. 2003a,b) wasto test the impact of nutrients (dissolved and particu-late) emanating from the fish farm on survivorship,growth rates, and some reproductive aspects of 2selected coral species. The results revealed highersurvivorship, and increased growth and reproductiverates in coral colonies near the fish farm, as comparedto colonies growing at the reference site 8 km away.These results contradict the prevailing notion, andLoya & Kramarsky-Winter (2003, this volume) (L&KW2003) challenged our conclusion. We reject their cri-tique and contend that the points raised in that critiqueare wrong, self-contradictory and unsubstantial, sim-plifying complicated ecological situations.In the first paragraph of their critique, L&KW (2003,p. 299) state: ‘We contend that the methodology andexperimental design used in that study are unsuitablefor obtaining a correct assessment of the impact ofcommercial fish farms’, and, ‘we claim that their resultsactually attest to the opposite…’ (p. 299). This argu-ment is self-contradictory, since if our experimentaldesign is wrong, our data cannot be used to reacheither conclusion.