Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Information Technology in Z Generation Behavior Change in Dealing with Conflict

Developments in information technology such as the Internet, social media, and mobile devices have provided broad and immediate access to information and social interaction. However, the impact of information technology on the behavior of the Z Generation in dealing with the conflict still needs to be studied in depth. This study aims to explore the role of information technology in changing the behavior of the Z Generation in dealing with conflict. The Z Generation, which consists of individuals born between 1995 and 2010, grows and develops amidst the rapid advances in information technology. This study will use a qualitative approach by collecting data through in-depth interviews and participatory observation. Research participants will consist of Z Generation individuals who actively use information technology in their daily lives. This study will analyze the role of information technology in changing the behavior of the Z Generation in dealing with conflict, both in personal, social, and environmental contexts. Factors such as fast access to information, the influence of social media, and the ability to communicate virtually will be explored in relation to changes in the behavior of the Z Generation. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide better insight into how information technology influences the way Z Generation deals with conflict, as well as the implications of the change in behavior. The results of this research are expected to contribute to our understanding of how information technology can be used effectively in supporting the social and personal development of the Z Generation in dealing with conflicts in the digital era.
Learning CRF Models from Drill Rig Sensors for Autonomous Mining

This paper investigates an approach that combines ensemble methods with graphical models to analyse multiple sensor measurements in the context of mine automation. Drill sensor measurements used for drilling automation have the potential to provide an estimate of the subsurface geological properties of the rocks being drilled. A Boosting algorithm is used as a local classifier mapping drill measurements to corresponding geological categories. A Conditional Random Field then uses this local information in conjunction with neighbouring measurements to jointly reason about their categories. Model parameters are learned from training data by maximizing the pseudo-likelihood. The probability distribution of classified borehole sections is calculated using belief propagation. We present experimental results of applying the method to classify rock types from sensor data collected from a semi-autonomous drill rig at an iron ore mine in Australia.
Self-renewal molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer stem cells

Colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs) represent a small fraction of the colorectal cancer cell population that possess self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential and drive tumorigenicity. Self-renewal is essential for the malignant biological behaviors of colorectal cancer stem cells. While the self-renewal molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer stem cells are not yet fully understood, the aberrant activation of signaling pathways, such as Wnt, Notch, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Hedgehog-Gli (HH-GLI), specific roles mediated by cell surface markers and micro-environmental factors are involved in the regulation of self-renewal. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms behind self-renewal may lead to the development of novel targeted interventions for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
Inducing Terminology for Lexical Acquisition

Few attention has been paid to terminology extraction for what concerns the possibilities it offers to corpus linguistics and lexical acquisition. The problem of detecting terms in textual corpora has been approached in a complex framework. Terminology is seen as the acquisition of domain specific knowledge (i.e. semantic features, selectional restrictions) for complex terms and /or unknown words. This has useful implications on more complex text processing tasks (e.g. information extraction). An hybrid symbolic and probabilistic approach to terminology extraction has been defined. The proposed inductive method puts a specific attention to the linguistic description of what terms are as well as to the statistical characterization of terms as complex units of information typical of domain sub-. languages. Experimental evidence of the proposed method are discussed. 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n Nowadays corpus processing techniques are widely adopted to approach the well-known lexical bottleneck problems in language engineering. Lexical acquisition methods rely on collocational analysis (pure statistics), robust parsing (syntax-driven acquisition) or semantic annotations as they are found in large thesaura or on-line dictionaries. The lexical information that trigger induction varies from simple word/tokens to syntactically annotated or semantically typed collocations (e.g. power fu l vs. s trong tea (Smadj a, 1989)), syntactic disambiguation rules (e.g. (Hindle and Rooths,1993), (Brill and Resnik,1994)) or sense disalnbiguation rules are usually derived. Such information is lexical as it, encodes constraints (of different types) at the word level, to be thus inherited by morphologic variants of a given lemma. This strongly lexicalized knowledge, as it is extracted from corpus data, requires lexical entries to be known in advance in some morphologic database. POS taggers or temmatizers are generally used to suitably map tokens to lemmas. It should be noted that lemmas in a corpus depends on the underlying sublanguage and their nature and shape is not as general as it is usually encoded in a morphologic dictionary. As an example, let s tudio (i.e. s tudy as a noun) be an entry in an italian morphologic dictionary. Typical information in such a database is the following: studio pos=noun gen=mas aura=sing Tlle only legal morphologic variant of ,studio is studi (studies, with nura=plur). When searching for s tudio in a corpus of environment related texts 1, we found this kind of occurrences (e.g. short contexts): . studi di base . (basic studies) . studi di impatto ambientale . (*studies on the environmental impact) . studi di fa t t ib i l i td . (feasibility studies), . studi di ri ferimento . (reference studies) It is very common in a corpus (not balanced, thus focused to a limited domain) to find a set of specifications of nouns that have some specific properties: • they are not always compositional (e.g. s tudio
Effect of Ebstein's Anomaly on Short‐ and Long‐term Outcome of Surgically Treated Patients With Wolff‐Parkinson‐White Syndrome

BackgroundEbstein's anomaly is the most commonly occurring congenital abnormality associated with the Wolif-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome. However, the effects of Ebstein's anomaly on the risks and benefits of surgical ablation of accessory pathways in patients with WPW syndrome are unknown Methods and ResultsThis study compared the long-term outcome of 38 WPW patients with Ebstein's anomaly undergoing accessory pathway ablation to a reference population of 384 similarly treated patients without the anomaly. Ebstein's anomaly was mild in 21 patients (55%) and moderate-to-severe in 17 patients (45%). Sixteen patients (42%) required tricuspid valve surgery, and 23 (61%) had an atrial septal defect or patent foramen ovale repaired. Baseline clinical characteristics and preoperative clinical arrhythmias were similar in both groups. Ten-year survival was 92.4% and 91.2% for patients with and without Ebstein's anomaly, respectively (p = NS). During a mean follow-up of 6.2±3.8 and 5.3±3.6 years, 82% of patients with and 90% without Ebstein's anomaly had either clinically insignificant or no arrhythmias, and 18% versus 10% reported symptoms suggesting arrhythmias lasting longer than 1 minute, respectively. Atrial fibrillation was reduced postoperatively to 9% (p < 0.00l) in patients with and to 4% (p < 0.00l) in those without the anomaly. Fewer hospitalizations were reported postoperatively by 90% versus 96% of patients with and without Ebstein's anomaly; 9.4% versus 6.0% of patients were disabled at follow-up, respectively (p = NS) ConclusionsPatients with Ebstein's anomaly are improved significantly after accessory pathway ablation. The presence of this anomaly should not preclude accessory pathway ablation in these patients.
Incremental diversification for very large sets: a streaming-based approach

Result diversification is an effective method to reduce the risk that none of the returned results satisfies a user's query intention. It has been shown to decrease query abandonment substantially. On the other hand, computing an optimally diverse set is NP-hard for the usual objectives. Existing greedy diversification algorithms require random access to the input set, rendering them impractical in the context of large result sets or continuous data. To solve this issue, we present a novel diversification approach which treats the input as a stream and processes each element in an incremental fashion, maintaining a near-optimal diverse set at any point in the stream. Our approach exhibits a linear computation and constant memory complexity with respect to input size, without significant loss of diversification quality. In an extensive evaluation on several real-world data sets, we show the applicability and efficiency of our algorithm for large result sets as well as for continuous query scenarios such as news stream subscriptions.
Rotational mixing in tidally locked massive main sequence binaries

Abstract One of the main uncertainties in evolutionary calculations of massive stars isthe eﬃciency of internal mixing. It changes the chemical proﬁle inside the starand can therefore aﬀect the structure and further evolution.We demonstrate that eclipsing binaries, in which the tides synchronize therotation period of the stars and the orbital period, constitute a potentiallystrong test for the eﬃciency of rotational mixing. We present detailed stellarevolutionary models of massive binaries assuming the composition of the SmallMagellanicCloud. In these models we ﬁnd enhancements in the surface nitrogenabundance of up to 0.6 dex. Introduction The inclusionof rotation into stellarevolution models has been shown to be verysuccessful in explaining various observed characteristics of stars (see Maeder M Eddington 1925, 1926; Vogt 1925) and shear mixing, which re-sults from eddies formed between two layers of the star rotating at diﬀerentangular velocities.Near the center of a massive main sequence star hydrogen is converted intohelium, and carbon and oxygen into nitrogen. Rotational mixing can bring this
A New Wideband MIMO Channel Model for Simulating 5-GHz Band Indoor WLANs

Considerable interest in the indoor applications of wireless local-area networks (WLANs) demands some powerful simulation methods of these systems. Proper modeling of the physical propagation channel is crucial in this context. A novel simulation method for indoor wideband multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channel at the operating frequency band of IEEE 802.11a, HIPERLAN/2, and the emerging IEEE 802.11n standards is presented in this paper which is suitable for performance analysis of MIMO techniques in these systems. The presented model is developed on the basis of a previously proposed channel representation at the same frequency band. Simulation results for MIMO channel capacity are presented and compared with direct measured data and good agreement is observed, which confirms the validity of the proposed model.
Environmental and economic benefits of the recovery of materials in a municipal solid waste management system

ABSTRACT The main aim of this study was to perform a Life cycle assessment study as well as an economic evaluation of the recovery of recyclable materials in a municipal solid waste management system. If citizens separate erroneously waste fractions, they produce both environmental and economic damages. The environmental and economic evaluation was performed for the case study of Nola (34.349 inhabitants) in Southern Italy, with a kerbside system that assured a source separation of 62% in 2014. The economic analysis provided a quantification of the economic benefits obtainable for the population in function of the achievable percentage of source separation. The comparison among the environmental performance of four considered scenarios showed that the higher the level of source separation was, the lower the overall impacts were. This occurred because, even if the impacts of the waste collection and transport increased, they were overcome by the avoided impacts of the recycling processes. Increasing the source separation by 1% could avoid the emission of 5 kg CO2 eq. and 5 g PM10 for each single citizen. The economic and environmental indicators defined in this study provide simple and effective information useful for a wide-ranging audience in a behavioural change programme perspective.
Importance of wellbeing strategies at the workplace

Improving wellbeing at the workplace is the most talked-about topic in human resource management these days. Organizations now are not just focusing on the output of employees, but they are also focusing on how they manage to give input and how they feel at the workplace. Substantial research has been conducted in the area which reveals that the sustainable performance of employees is directly related to the mental health, vitality, and wellbeing of employees. Organizations need to put employee vitality and wellbeing as a priority in their operations. This study aims to understand the factors that influence the well-being of employees in the workplace and how they can improve. The study also reveals how the organizations that have a sound wellbeing strategy impact the overall performance and mental health of employees working in those organizations. 162 respondents filled the questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS. The results show that the size of the budget for well-being and the existence of a well-being strategy impacts the ability of companies to offer well-being programs. Another important finding from the research is that the geographical location of the company impacts the existence of well-being strategies in companies, and they can differ depending on the geographical location. It was also found that if a company needs a well-being strategy, it is not impacted by the size of the company. The more companies invest in ensuring the wellbeing and mental health of employees, the more the employee motivation and meaningfulness at work improves, resulting in better performance.
The Value of Monolingual Crowdsourcing in a Real-World Translation Scenario: Simulation using Haitian Creole Emergency SMS Messages

MonoTrans2 is a translation system that combines machine translation (MT) with human computation using two crowds of monolingual source (Haitian Creole) and target (English) speakers. We report on its use in the WMT 2011 Haitian Creole to English translation task, showing that MonoTrans2 translated 38% of the sentences well compared to Google Translate's 25%.
Effects of Developer Experience on Learning and Applying Unit Test-Driven Development

Unit test-driven development (UTDD) is a software development practice where unit test cases are specified iteratively and incrementally before production code. In the last years, researchers have conducted several studies within academia and industry on the effectiveness of this software development practice. They have investigated its utility as compared to other development techniques, focusing mainly on code quality and productivity. This quasi-experiment analyzes the influence of the developers' experience level on the ability to learn and apply UTDD. The ability to apply UTDD is measured in terms of process conformance and development time. From the research point of view, our goal is to evaluate how difficult is learning UTDD by professionals without any prior experience in this technique. From the industrial point of view, the goal is to evaluate the possibility of using this software development practice as an effective solution to take into account in real projects. Our results suggest that skilled developers are able to quickly learn the UTDD concepts and, after practicing them for a short while, become as effective in performing small programming tasks as compared to more traditional test-last development techniques. Junior programmers differ only in their ability to discover the best design, and this translates into a performance penalty since they need to revise their design choices more frequently than senior programmers.
Running to Keep in the Same Place: Consumer Choice as a Game of Status

If individuals care about their status, defined as their rank in the distribution of consumption of one "positional" good, then the consumer's problem is strategic as her utility depends on the consumption choices of others. In the symmetric Nash equilibrium, each individual spends an inefficiently high amount on the status good. Using techniques from auction theory, we analyze the effects of exogenous changes in the distribution of income. In a richer society, almost all individuals spend more on conspicuous consumption, and individual utility is lower at each income level. In a more equal society, the poor are worse off.
Hepatitis C Virus Attachment Mediated by Apolipoprotein E Binding to Cell Surface Heparan Sulfate

ABSTRACT Viruses are known to use virally encoded envelope proteins for cell attachment, which is the very first step of virus infection. In the present study, we have obtained substantial evidence demonstrating that hepatitis C virus (HCV) uses the cellular protein apolipoprotein E (apoE) for its attachment to cells. An apoE-specific monoclonal antibody was able to efficiently block HCV attachment to the hepatoma cell line Huh-7.5 as well as primary human hepatocytes. After HCV bound to cells, however, anti-apoE antibody was unable to inhibit virus infection. Conversely, the HCV E2-specific monoclonal antibody CBH5 did not affect HCV attachment but potently inhibited HCV entry. Similarly, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of the key HCV receptor/coreceptor molecules CD81, claudin-1, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr), occludin, and SR-BI did not affect HCV attachment but efficiently suppressed HCV infection, suggesting their important roles in HCV infection at postattachment steps. Strikingly, removal of heparan sulfate from the cell surface by treatment with heparinase blocked HCV attachment. Likewise, substitutions of the positively charged amino acids with neutral or negatively charged residues in the receptor-binding region of apoE resulted in a reduction of apoE-mediating HCV infection. More importantly, mutations of the arginine and lysine to alanine or glutamic acid in the receptor-binding region ablated the heparin-binding activity of apoE, as determined by an in vitro heparin pulldown assay. HCV attachment could also be inhibited by a synthetic peptide derived from the apoE receptor-binding region. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that apoE mediates HCV attachment through specific interactions with cell surface heparan sulfate.
2-Dimensional interval algorithm

The interval algorithm by Han and Hoshi is an efficient algorithm which can convert a sequence of random variables into another sequence of random variable with a required probability distribution. In this paper, we extend the interval algorithm to transform a pair of sequences of random variable into another pair of sequences of random variables. The extension allows some independency or functional dependency constraints between the input and output sequences. The possible applications in key extraction and random number generation are discussed. The proposed algorithm can asymptotically achieve the optimal output rate and it minimizes the length of the input sequence required to generate the output sequence for certain input distributions.
Properties and Physiological Functions of UDP-Sugar Pyrophosphorylase in Arabidopsis

UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase catalyzes the conversion of various monosaccharide 1-phosphates to the respective UDP-sugars in the salvage pathway. Using the genomic database, we cloned a putative gene for UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase from Arabidopsis. Although relatively stronger expression was detected in the vascular tissue of leaves and the pollen, AtUSP is expressed in most cell types of Arabidopsis, indicating a housekeeping function in nucleotide sugar metabolism. Recombinant AtUSP expressed in Escherichia coli exhibited broad specificity toward monosaccharide 1-phosphates, resulting in the formation of various UDP-sugars such as UDP-glucose, -galactose, -glucuronic acid, -xylose and -L-arabinose. A loss-of-function mutation in the AtUSP gene caused by T-DNA insertion completely abolished male fertility. These results indicate that AtUSP functions as a UDP-sugar pyrophosphorylase in the salvage pathway, and that the generation of UDP-sugars from monosaccharide 1-phosphates catalyzed by AtUSP is essential for pollen development in Arabidopsis.
Confuga: Scalable Data Intensive Computing for POSIX Workflows

Today's big-data analysis systems achieve performance and scalability by requiring end users to embrace a novel programming model. This approach is highly effective whose the objective is to compute relatively simple functions on colossal amounts of data, but it is not a good match for a scientific computing environment which depends on complex applications written for the conventional POSIX environment. To address this gap, we introduce Conjugal, a scalable data-intensive computing system that is largely compatible with the POSIX environment. Conjugal brings together the workflow model of scientific computing with the storage architecture of other big data systems. Conjugal accepts large workflows of standard POSIX applications arranged into graphs, and then executes them in a cluster, exploiting both parallelism and data-locality. By making use of the workload structure, Conjugal is able to avoid the long-standing problems of metadata scalability and load instability found in many large scale computing and storage systems. We show that CompUSA's approach to load control offers improvements of up to 228% in cluster network utilization and 23% reductions in workflow execution time.
Assessing the Relationship between MJO and Equatorial Pacific WWBs in Observations and CMIP5 Models

This study evaluates the relationship between the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and the occurrence of equatorial Pacific westerly wind bursts (WWBs). During the convective MJO phase, anomalous surface westerlies prevail in and west of the convective MJO center, providing favorable conditions for WWBs. Compared with the probability of WWBs expected under a null hypothesis that WWBs occur randomly, the convective MJO phase almost doubles the probability of a WWB occurring. Nevertheless, only 34.46% of WWBs co-occur with the convective MJO, which is much less than that reported in previous studies. We show that when the MJO and WWBs are defined using the same field with overlapping frequencies, the percentage of WWBs co-occurring with the convective MJO shows a significant increase. However, the higher percentage is simply caused by the fact that the strong WWBs during a convective MJO are more likely to be identified than those during the suppressed and neutral MJO phases. A total of 45.80% of WWBs are found to occur in the full MJO phase (both the convective and suppressed MJO phases), which is slightly higher than that expected based on randomness. Although the full MJO has statistically significant impact on the likelihood of WWBs, the influence from the full MJO on the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly is much weaker as compared to that from the WWBs. The relationships between the MJO and WWBs simulated in CMIP5 models are also assessed, and the percentage of WWBs that co-occur with the MJO simulated in models is in general less than that in observations.