Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Categorical Organization in Free Recall across Culture and Age

Background: Cross-cultural differences in cognition suggest that Westerners use categories more than Easterners, but these differences have only been investigated in young adults. Objective: The contributions of cognitive resource and the extent of cultural exposure are explored for free recall by investigating cross-cultural differences in categorical organization in younger and older adults. Cultural differences in the use of categories should be larger for elderly than young because categorization is a well-practiced strategy for Westerners, but age-related cognitive resource limitations may make the strategy difficult for elderly Easterners to implement. Therefore, we expect that cultural differences in categorization will be magnified in elderly adults relative to younger adults, with Americans categorizing more than Chinese. Methods: Across two studies, 112 young and 112 elderly drawn from two cultures (American and Chinese) encoded words presented in their native language. One word list contained categorically-unrelated words and the other, categorically-related words; both lists were presented in the participants’ native language. In experiment 1, the words were strong category associates, and in experiment 2, the words were weak category associates. Participants recalled all the words they could remember, and the number of words recalled and degree of clustering by category were analyzed. Results: As predicted, cultural differences emerged for the elderly, with East-Asians using categories less than Americans during recall of highly-associated category exemplars (experiment 1). For recall of low-associate exemplars, East-Asians overall categorized less than Americans (experiment 2). Surprisingly, these differences in the use of categories did not lead to cultural differences in the number of words recalled. The expected effects of age were apparent with elderly recalling less than young, but in contrast to previous studies, elderly also categorized less than young. Conclusion: These studies provide support for the notion that cultural differences in categorical organization are larger for elderly adults than young, although culture did not impact the amount recalled. These data suggest that culture and age interact to influence cognition.
Atmospheric monitoring and inverse modelling for verification of greenhouse gas inventories

P. Bergamaschi, A. Danila, R. F. Weiss, P. Ciais, R. L. Thompson, D. Brunner, I. Levin, Y. Meijer, F. Chevallier, G. Janssens-Maenhout, H. Bovensmann, D. Crisp, S. Basu, E. Dlugokencky, R. Engelen, C. Gerbig, D. Günther, S. Hammer, S. Henne, S. Houweling, U. Karstens, E. A. Kort, M. Maione, A. J. Manning, J. Miller, S. Montzka, S. Pandey, W. Peters, P. Peylin, B. Pinty, M. Ramonet, S. Reimann, T. Röckmann, M. Schmidt, M. Strogies, J. Sussams, O. Tarasova, J. van Aardenne, A. T. Vermeulen, F. Vogel
Express virtual channels: towards the ideal interconnection fabric

Due to wire delay scalability and bandwidth limitations inherent in shared buses and dedicated links, packet-switched on-chip interconnection networks are fast emerging as the pervasive communication fabric to connect different processing elements in many-core chips. However, current state-of-the-art packet-switched networks rely on complex routers which increases the communication overhead and energy consumption as compared to the ideal interconnection fabric. In this paper, we try to close the gap between the state-of-the-art packet-switched network and the ideal interconnect by proposing express virtual channels (EVCs), a novel flow control mechanism which allows packets to virtually bypass intermediate routers along their path in a completely non-speculative fashion, thereby lowering the energy/delay towards that of a dedicated wire while simultaneously approaching ideal throughput with a practical design suitable for on-chip networks. Our evaluation results using a detailed cycle-accurate simulator on a range of synthetic traffic and SPLASH benchmark traces show upto 84% reduction in packet latency and upto 23% improvement in throughput while reducing the average router energy consumption by upto 38% over an existing state-of-the-art packet-switched design. When compared to the ideal interconnect, EVCs add just two cycles to the no-load latency, and are within 14% of the ideal throughput. Moreover, we show that the proposed design incurs a minimal hardware overhead while exhibiting excellent scalability with increasing network sizes.
Head and neck cancer.

Head and Neck Cancer addresses a wide range of topics under the broad heading of head and neck oncology. In the initial section, the authors address therapeutic approaches with chapters on current and future treatments. Coverage is extensive and includes articles on IMRT, combined modality treatments, the use of targeted agents in conjunction with chemotherapy, the use of transoral robotic surgery followed by postoperative radiation therapy, and the use of particle therapy.
Diseases Transmitted by Blood Sucking Mites and Integrated Mite Management for Their Prevention

On a worldwide basis, mites are important nuisance pests and some are capable of transmitting disease causing agents to humans. There are many different species of bloodsucking mites, some mites live in people’s skin (mites that cause scabies), while other species may take blood meals on human hosts. For this reason, this article has been designed to highlight disease agents vectored by mites and evaluate various tactics for their efficacy in managing populations especially in houses. Fortunately, the majority of mites are free-living, but few of species are serious parasites of humans. Most of these are external parasites (they feed on the exterior of their hosts), but some species inhabit ear canals, lungs, intestine and bladder of vertebrate hosts. Their biting and bloodsucking behaviour causes considerable discomfort to their hosts and a few species also cause serious allergic reactions, such as asthma, in peoples. Understanding of mite’s biology and symptoms associated with mite infestations can help to determine if they are the actual cause of a particular problem. Leptotrombidium species of trombiculid larval mites (chiggers) can transmit scrub typhus in endemic regions, and house-mouse mite can transmit rickettsial pox in both urban and rural dwellings. Rickettsial disease encompasses a group of diseases caused by microorganisms rickettsiae that occupy a position between bacteria and viruses, and they can only survive inside cells. These organisms cause disease by damaging blood vessels in various tissues and organs, and in severe cases multiple tissues and organs are affected. Transmissions of disease-causing organisms, primarily of encephalitis, tularemia, asthma, scrub typhus, dermatitis, filariasis and mites as intermediate hosts of tapeworms have been substantiated. Further, mites are mostly ubiquitous and bothersome species of medical importance, and of these, most are scabies mites on human hosts. All patients with scabies and their close household and institutional contacts may be informed that scabies is a highly transmissible ectoparasitic infestation and several topical treatments, and an effective oral treatment are readily available and highly effective. Scratching of bite locations of mites is discouraged as it can result in secondary bacterial infections. Physicians suggest the use of calamine lotions and other itch creams to reduce itching that at times can be intense. Significant progress can be made when a brief exposure to kill surface microbes, mites and their offending by-products to ultraviolet light into a vacuum cleaner is conducted and while removing them. Finally, Integrated Mite Management (IMM) strategy is commercially available wherein vector control is the primary means of preventing vector-borne diseases.
The Biology of P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1: Its Role as a Selectin Counterreceptor in Leukocyte-Endothelial and Leukocyte-Platelet Interaction

Summary Cell-cell interactions mediating leukocyte trafficking, thrombogene-sis and inflammation are crucial for the host defense mechanism. The selectin family of integral membrane proteins includes E-selectin, L-selectin and P-selectin. Selectins mediate tethering and rolling of leukocytes to the vessel wall at the site of inflammation. The counter-receptor for P-selectin and possibly the other selectins is P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). This review focuses on the properties and biology of PSGL-1.
Implementation of low-voltage true-single-phase-clocking (TSPC) logic using bulk dynamic threshold MOS technique

Dynamic threshold MOS circuits can adjust devices' threshold according to the states of the circuits and thus offer higher speed and better saving of energy at low voltage. In this paper a new fast bulk true single phase clocking (TSPC) dynamic threshold MOS scheme for both NMOS and PMOS is introduced. In this scheme the common substrate of the NMOS logic or PMOS logic is dynamically controlled: the potential changes only when these transistors need to work and keeps high threshold when they are shut down. And the scheme uses the charge recovery technique of the substrate, to further reduce power. It is capable of operating at 0.8V or even lower. The proposed scheme is shown to be 33.45% faster and has 20.86% energy savings compared to the regular TSPC logic circuits, during HSPICE simulation
The effect of different live prey types on growth and muscle development, in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta, Ascanius 1767) larvae

Sea lice have been causing problems in Norwegian salmon farming industry for decades; increasing mortality and reducing the welfare of farmed and wild fish. Various chemical agents have been used to combat sea lice, but increased tolerance and resistance have shifted the focus more onto biological combatants in the form of cleaner wrasse. The ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta) is the most promising species for aquaculture, but problems with poor larval growth and survival suggests that the feeding practices in use today remain suboptimal. At present, the feeding regimes consist of enriched rotifers, followed by Artemia sp. and weaning onto formulated feed. However, the nutritional profile of copepods is known to be highly beneficial for marine fish larvae, and increased larval growth, survival and development have been reported when copepods are administered as live feed. In the present study the fish larvae were fed intensively cultivated copepod nauplii (Acartia tonsa) in order to evaluate the effects on somatic growth, survival and muscle development, compared to when being fed rotifers (Brachionus ibericus). Four different feeding regimes were used; the Copepod treatment received copepod nauplii 4-30 dph, while larvae from the Cop7 treatment received copepod nauplii 4-10 dph, followed by short-term enriched rotifers (11-30 dph). Larvae from the treatments RotMG and RotChl were given short-term enriched and cultivated rotifers respectively, 4-30 dph. Larvae from all treatments went through a transition phase onto Artemia sp. 24-30 dph, and were weaned onto formulated feed 40-50 dph. The larval somatic growth and survival were studied from start to end (2-61 dph), while muscle development was studied until 21 dph, in order to address the direct effects of copepod nauplii vs. rotifers. The results in the present study revealed that larvae fed copepod nauplii achieved higher growth rates initially, and greater dry weight already at 8 dph (also at the end of the experiment) compared to larvae fed rotifers. From 4-21 dph the increase in muscle mass was significantly larger in larvae from the Copepod treatment; accounted for by higher hyperplastic and hypertropic growth. The number of red and white fibres, size of deep white fibres, and total muscle area was found to correlate strongly with larval standard length.
LIDA: A Computational Model of Global Workspace Theory and Developmental Learning

In this paper, we present LIDA, a working model of, and theoretical foundation for, machine consciousness. LIDA’s architecture and mechanisms were inspired by a variety of computational paradigms and LIDA implements the Global Workspace Theory of consciousness. The LIDA architecture’s cognitive modules include perceptual associative memory, episodic memory, functional consciousness, procedural memory and action-selection. Cognitive robots and software agents controlled by the LIDA architecture will be capable of multiple learning mechanisms. With artificial feelings and emotions as primary motivators and learning facilitators, such systems will ‘live’ through a developmental period during which they will learn in multiple, human-like ways to act effectively in their environments. We also provide a comparison of the LIDA model with other models of consciousness.
Biometric recognition system using low bandwidth ECG signals

Biometric recognition has recently emerged as part of applications where the privacy of the information is crucial, as in the health care field. This paper presents a biometric recognition system based on the Electrocardiographic signal (ECG). The proposed system is based on a state-of-the-art recognition method which extracts information from the frequency domain. In this paper we propose a new method to increase the spectral resolution of low bandwidth ECG signals due to the limited bandwidth of the acquisition sensor. Preliminary results show that the proposed scheme reveals a higher identification rate and lower equal error rate when compared to previous approaches.
A K-band low noise amplifier with on-chip baluns in 90nm CMOS

This paper presents a CMOS K-band low noise amplifier (LNA). Pseudo differential structure with on-chip balun has more advantages than single-end in system-on-chip (SOC) and so forth. In this design, two on-chip baluns are inserted in the LNA for single-in and single-out. Some inter-digital capacitors and a transformer are employed for matching to reduce the number of the inductors. The proposed LNA is fabricated in 90 nm CMOS process, achieved a gain of 20dB at 23.5 GHz, a 3-dB bandwidth of 2 GHz (from 22.7 to 24.7 GHz), and a noise figure of 3.6 dB with an input return loss of 17 dB, while consuming 16.5 mW with 1V power supply.
Pairwise Regression with Upper Confidence Bound for Contextual Bandit with Multiple Actions

The contextual bandit problem is typically used to model online applications such as article recommendation. However, the problem cannot fully meet certain needs of these applications, such as performing multiple actions at the same time. We defined a new Contextual Bandit Problem with Multiple Actions (CBMA), which is an extension of the traditional contextual bandit problem and fits the online applications better. We adapt some existing contextual bandit algorithms for our CBMA problem, and developed the new Pair wise Regression with Upper Confidence Bound (PairUCB) algorithm which addresses the new properties of the new CBMA problem. Experimental results demonstrate that PairUCB significantly outperforms other approaches.
Saddle Points and Dynamics of Lennard-Jones Clusters, Solids and Supercooled Liquids

The properties of higher-index saddle points have been invoked in recent theories of the dynamics of supercooled liquids. Here we examine in detail a mapping of configurations to saddle points using minimization of |∇E|2, which has been used in previous work to support these theories. The examples we consider are a two-dimensional model energy surface and binary Lennard-Jones liquids and solids. A shortcoming of the mapping is its failure to divide the potential energy surface into basins of attraction surrounding saddle points, because there are many minima of |∇E|2 that do not correspond to stationary points of the potential energy. In fact, most liquid configurations are mapped to such points for the system we consider. We therefore develop an alternative route to investigate higher-index saddle points and obtain near complete distributions of saddles for small Lennard-Jones clusters. The distribution of the number of stationary points as a function of the index is found to be Gaussian, and the average.
LiveLab

We present LiveLab, a methodology to measure real-world smartphone usage and wireless networks with a reprogrammable indevice logger designed for long-term user studies. We discuss the challenges of privacy protection and power impact in LiveLab and offer our solutions. We present an iPhone 3GS based deployment of LiveLab with 25 users intended for one year. Early results from the data collection so far highlight the unique strengths and potential of LiveLab. We have two objectives in this position paper. First, we demonstrate the feasibility and capability of LiveLab. By sharing our experience, we seek to advocate LiveLab as a network and user measurement methodology. Second, we present our preliminary findings, and seek feedback from the community regarding what data to collect.
Slice-based building facade reconstruction from 3D point clouds

ABSTRACT We propose a comprehensive strategy to reconstruct urban building geometry from three-dimensional (3D) point clouds. First, the point clouds are segmented using a rough-detail segmentation algorithm, and refinements guided by topological relationships are performed to rectify the segmentation mistakes. Then, the semantic features (such as facades and windows) that belong to the buildings are recognized and extracted. Next, each facade is cut into a sequence of slices. The initial models are recovered by sequentially detecting and connecting the anchor points. Finally, due to the regular arrangements of windows, a template-matching method relying on the similarity and repetitiveness of the windows is proposed to recover the details on building facades. The experimental results demonstrate that our method can automatically reconstruct the building geometry and detailed window structures are better depicted.
The Effects of Ethnic and Social Segregation on Children and Adolescents : Recent Research and Results from a German Multilevel Study

This paper, in a first part, reviews current literature on the effects of ethnic and social segregation on children and adolescents. In a second part, it reports results of an empirical study on this issue conducted by the author in two German cities. In recent research, the effects of segregation have been framed as possible ‘contextual effects’ of neighbourhoods, i.e. as separate factors beyond the individual effects of social disadvantage. The paper discusses theoretical and methodological underpinnings of recent studies that use nested samples of individuals in different types of neighbourhoods and multilevel analyses. While there is some evidence of detrimental effects of segregation on outcomes like health, education and crime, this mostly comes from the US. In Europe few relevant studies have been conducted and support for these hypotheses is much weaker.
A Study of the Feasibility and Effectiveness of Dual-Modal Information Presentations

Multimodal interfaces with both visual and auditory output are becoming important, especially for applications using small-screen displays and for user access under mobile conditions. The research presented here investigated the feasibility of simultaneously presenting distinct textual information through both visual and auditory channels by examining two multimodal interfaces with irrelevant or relevant auditory information. These interfaces were intended to study two problems: (a) Can users attend to and process additional information delivered through the auditory channel during a typical Web-browsing process, and (b) what are the effects of information overlap between the visual and auditory channels? Controlled experiments were conducted to evaluate these two questions. The findings suggest that users can attend to auditory information while visually browsing textual information and that information overlap may reduce distraction. These findings have implications for the design of multimodal interfaces for small-screen mobile applications.
Chronic Cyclodextrin Treatment of Murine Niemann-Pick C Disease Ameliorates Neuronal Cholesterol and Glycosphingolipid Storage and Disease Progression

Background Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused most commonly by a defect in the NPC1 protein and characterized by widespread intracellular accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and glycosphingolipids (GSLs). While current treatment therapies are limited, a few drugs tested in Npc1−/− mice have shown partial benefit. During a combination treatment trial using two such compounds, N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB-DNJ) and allopregnanolone, we noted increased lifespan for Npc1−/− mice receiving only 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD), the vehicle for allopregnanolone. This finding suggested that administration of CD alone, but with greater frequency, might provide additional benefit. Methodology/Principal Findings Administration of CD to Npc1−/− mice beginning at either P7 or P21 and continuing every other day delayed clinical onset, reduced intraneuronal cholesterol and GSL storage as well as free sphingosine accumulation, reduced markers of neurodegeneration, and led to longer survival than any previous treatment regime. We reasoned that other lysosomal diseases characterized by cholesterol and GSL accumulation, including NPC disease due to NPC2 deficiency, GM1 gangliosidosis and mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type IIIA, might likewise benefit from CD treatment. Treated Npc2−/− mice showed benefits similar to NPC1 disease, however, mice with GM1 gangliosidosis or MPS IIIA failed to show reduction in storage. Conclusions/Significance Treatment with CD delayed clinical disease onset, reduced intraneuronal storage and secondary markers of neurodegeneration, and significantly increased lifespan of both Npc1−/− and Npc2−/− mice. In contrast, CD failed to ameliorate cholesterol or glycosphingolipid storage in GM1 gangliosidosis and MPS IIIA disease. Understanding the mechanism(s) by which CD leads to reduced neuronal storage may provide important new opportunities for treatment of NPC and related neurodegenerative diseases characterized by cholesterol dyshomeostasis.
Determinants of a Successful Migration to Cloud Computing in Iranian Telecommunication Industry

Although the research support for Cloud Computing (CC) is still developing, the concept of this paper has provided comprehensive frameworks for a successful migration to cloud computing (SMCC) in telecommunication industry in Iran. Using an academic orientation, the conceptual research is focusing on the determinants of a successful migration from legacy to cloud computing. The study attempts to reveal the constructive effects and deconstructive defects of migration to cloud computing with a close regard into prior literature and practical practices all around the world. Conceptual frameworks are deducted from the literature and Telco's revolutionary movements toward cloud computing. The confirmatory quantitative approach tries to verify or reject the validity of determinants of successful migration. The study reports that there are some success and failure factors which are influencing a successful migration of data centres and servers of Iranian Telecommunication to the cloud. Considering these approved factors before any migration decision would be valuable for engaged project members and finally for Telecommunication organization. This paper can be used as reliable model for any migration beforehand taking any action. Enforcing proper determinants in accordance with the prior success stories and academia viewpoints in Telecommunication industry in Iran as a first mover research in this field provides a precious insight for policy and decision makers to change their mindset and grant a proper space for cloud computing to grow in this industry due to its advantages. Obviously, like any other big Telco in the world, Iranian Telco might start cloud projects to sustain its presence in the global market.