Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Structural Organization of Human Values-Evidence from Three Rounds of the European Social Survey (ESS)

Since 1987, a multitude of studies referring to the Schwartz (1992) structural model of human values have been published. Although most studies support this conceptual approach, few were based on representative samples. The implementation of the biennial European Social Survey (ESS) in 2002, which included responses from 71 representative national samples from 32 countries to a 21-item version of the Portrait Values Questionnaire, provided data for assessing this model of human values.This article presents structural analyses of these data using a theory-based approach to multidimensional scaling that can be applied to optimally assess the fit of data to diverse theories. The analyses support the circular structure of basic values across countries and within countries across time. They also replicate two findings based on other samples, surveys, and methods of analysis: Deviations from the structure are fewer and the contrast between protection and growth values is sharper in more developed societies.
Global multi-layer network of human mobility

ABSTRACT Recent availability of geo-localized data capturing individual human activity together with the statistical data on international migration opened up unprecedented opportunities for a study on global mobility. In this paper, we consider it from the perspective of a multi-layer complex network, built using a combination of three datasets: Twitter, Flickr and official migration data. Those datasets provide different, but equally important insights on the global mobility – while the first two highlight short-term visits of people from one country to another, the last one – migration – shows the long-term mobility perspective, when people relocate for good. The main purpose of the paper is to emphasize importance of this multi-layer approach capturing both aspects of human mobility at the same time. On the one hand, we show that although the general properties of different layers of the global mobility network are similar, there are important quantitative differences among them. On the other hand, we demonstrate that consideration of mobility from a multi-layer perspective can reveal important global spatial patterns in a way more consistent with those observed in other available relevant sources of international connections, in comparison to the spatial structure inferred from each network layer taken separately.
Organizational Learning in a Hospital

The authors present a case study of organizational learning in an internal medicine ward and a cardiac surgery ward of a university-affiliated hospital. The study is based on a structural and cultural approach to organizational learning. The structural facet of this approach consists of organizational learning mechanisms (OLMs), which are institutionalized structural and procedural arrangements that allow organizations to systematically collect, analyze, store, disseminate, and use information relevant to the performance of the organization. The cultural facet consists of shared values without which OLMs are likely to be enacted as rituals rather than as mechanisms to detect and correct error. Based on semistructured interviews and unstructured observations, the authors identify the OLMs that operate in the two hospital units and the cultures in which they are embedded.
1kHz is not enough — How to achieve higher update rates with a bilateral teleoperation system based on commercial hardware

Teleoperation has a long history in the robotics community and numerous bilateral teleoperation systems employing manipulators have been proposed in the literature. On the one hand, systems have been designed which employ commercial hardware and hence generally suffer from low update rates and high delays due to restrictions of commercial manipulator controllers and haptic device controllers. On the other hand, bilateral teleoperation systems designed by research institutions often provide only few degrees of freedom. Our 6DoF bilateral teleoperation system, however, combines the amenities of commercial hardware with a high performance distributed control architecture which enables us to achieve update rates of more than 2kHz and delays in the range of only 100µs. This paper focuses on the architecture of our system and demonstrates how to achieve this performance using commercial hardware. Moreover, we show why update rates of more than 1kHz are essential for certain teleoperation tasks. Especially with high approach velocities and stiff environments, high update rates and low delays are key requirements for stability and thus for realistic haptic perception. We present experimental results demonstrating the influence of the update rate on system stability. These results not only highlight the benefits of high update rates but also give hints on how to estimate the update rate necessary to achieve stable teleoperation for a given environment stiffness.
Effective and Spurious Ambiguities due to some Co-verbal Gestures in multimodal dialogue

This paper deals with some ambiguous situations linked to the use of co-verbal gestures with a touch screen. With the aim to clarify the process for the interpretation of multimodal utterances, we study the potential polysemy of a curve-like gesture produced together with a “put-that-there” verbal utterance. We emphasize the role of the task model when identifying the polysemy and determining if it is effective (real ambiguity that can lead to a question from the system) or spurious (artifact ambiguity that the task model must resolve).
Simulation based performance evaluation for subcarrier-and-bit allocation scheme with power saving in two-hop wireless relay networks

An adaptive resource allocation algorithm is proposed for a two-hop wireless relay network. Path selection is based on the channel state so as to choose optimal relay stations (RSs). Then, a subcarrier-and-bit allocation scheme is developed to minimize the total transmission power of the system, subject to the total bits available. In addition, this scheme enables to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) of individual users. In this paper, three-fixed-RS architecture is modeled in one cell, which supports both point-to-multipoint (PMP) and relay transmission. We evaluate the performance of subcarrier-and-bit allocation scheme with power-saving technique, together with RS selection, based on simulation. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed adaptive resource allocation scheme is efficient for providing good performance in a two-hop relay networks.
In Vitro Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum from China-Myanmar Border Area to Major ACT Drugs and Polymorphisms in Potential Target Genes

Drug resistance has always been one of the most important impediments to global malaria control. Artemisinin resistance has recently been confirmed in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) and efforts for surveillance and containment are intensified. To determine potential mechanisms of artemisinin resistance and monitor the emergence and spread of resistance in other regions of the GMS, we investigated the in vitro sensitivity of 51 culture-adapted parasite isolates from the China-Myanmar border area to four drugs. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of dihydroartemisinin, mefloquine and lumefantrine were clustered in a relatively narrow, 3- to 6-fold range, whereas the IC50 range of artesunate was 12-fold. We assessed the polymorphisms of candidate resistance genes pfcrt, pfmdr1, pfATP6, pfmdr6 and pfMT (a putative metabolite/drug transporter). The K76T mutation in pfcrt reached fixation in the study parasite population, whereas point mutations in pfmdr1 and pfATP6 had low levels of prevalence. In addition, pfmdr1 gene amplification was not detected. None of the mutations in pfmdr1 and pfATP6 was associated significantly with in vitro sensitivity to artemisinin derivatives. The ABC transporter gene pfmdr6 harbored two point mutations, two indels, and number variations in three simple repeats. Only the length variation in a microsatellite repeat appeared associated with altered sensitivity to dihydroartemisinin. The PfMT gene had two point mutations and one codon deletion; the I30N and N496– both reached high levels of prevalence. However, none of the SNPs or haplotypes in PfMT were correlated significantly with resistance to the four tested drugs. Compared with other parasite populations from the GMS, our studies revealed drastically different genotype and drug sensitivity profiles in parasites from the China-Myanmar border area, where artemisinins have been deployed extensively for over 30 years.
Formación en el trabajo y movilidad laboral

The purpose of this article is to analyze the effects of on-the-job training on the attainment of job stability and professional advancement. The paper begins with an introduction to the different theoretical approaches relating this type of training with career mobility. In addition, the job and worker characteristics theoretically associated with a higher educational level are presented. The empirical analysis is based on observations obtained through a longitudinal survey which reconstructs the work histories of a sample of young people. By means of logistic regression techniques and Cox proportional hazard models, the effects of on-the-job training on the following is analyzed: the risk of becoming unemployed, voluntary job changes and professional advancement within companies. The results indicate that the attainment of job stability and the establishment of a pro
A New Strategy for Control of Tandem Cold Metal Rolling

The control of tandem cold rolling of metal strip constitutes a significant engineering challenge to control engineers. This is due mostly to the complexity of the interactions between the process variables, nonlinearities which change with the operating conditions, and long speed- dependent time delays. The present technology is based on control strategies that decompose the problem into several independent control sub-problems and as a result yield limited capability for improvement in performance. This paper describes a new control strategy wherein a state-dependent algebraic Riccati equation is solved pointwise to establish a control law for a multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) controller with appropriate trimming functions. The new controller coupled to a nonlinear model of the process was tested by simulations. The resulting tolerance in mill exit thickness was held to about . 2% for typical rolling operations, which compares favorably to the tolerances of . 5% to . 8% using existing controllers. In addition to improved performance, the simplicity of the new control method reduces the efforts required for design, commissioning, and maintenance.
Finding hidden hierarchy in social networks

FINDING HIDDEN HIERARCHY IN SOCIAL NETWORKS Süreyya Emre Kurt M.S. in Computer Engineering Advisor: Buğra Gedik June 2016 Stratification among humans is a well studied concept that significantly impacts how social connections are shaped. Given that on-line social networks capture social connections among people, similar structure exist in these networks with respect to the presence of social hierarchies. In this thesis we study the problem of finding hidden hierarchies in social networks, in the form of social levels. The problem is motivated by the need for stratification for social advertising. We formulate the problem into dividing the users of a social network into levels, such that three main metrics are minimized: agony induced by the reverse links in the hierarchy, support disorder resulting from users in higher levels having less impact, and support imbalance resulting from users in the same level having diverse impact. We developed several heuristic algorithms to solve the problem at real-world scales. We present an evaluation that showcases the result quality and running time performance of our algorithms on real-world as well as synthetically generated graphs.
Climate Variability and Its Impact on Forest Hydrology on South Carolina Coastal Plain, USA

Understanding the changes in hydrology of coastal forested wetlands induced by climate change is fundamental for developing strategies to sustain their functions and services. This study examined 60 years of climatic observations and 30 years of hydrological data, collected at the Santee Experimental Forest (SEF) in coastal South Carolina. We also applied a physically-based, distributed hydrological model (MIKE SHE) to better understand the hydrological responses to the observed climate variability. The results from both observation and simulation for the paired forested watershed systems indicated that the forest hydrology was highly susceptible to change due to climate change. The stream flow and water table depth was substantially altered with a change in precipitation. Both flow and water table level decreased with a rise in temperature. The results also showed that hurricanes substantially influenced the forest hydrological patterns for a short time period (several years) as a result of forest damage.
Antagonism of 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane stimulus with a newly identified 5-HT2- versus 5-HT1C-selective antagonist.

DOM [i.e., 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-aminopropane] is a 5-HT1C/2 serotonin agonist that exerts stimulus control of behavior in animals. In order to determine if the discriminative stimulus effect of DOM is 5-HT1C- or 5-HT2-mediated, it would be informative to conduct tests of stimulus antagonism with a 5-HT1C- or 5-HT2-selective antagonist. To date, no such agents exist. Although the neuroleptic agent spiperone binds at D2 dopamine receptors and 5-HT1A serotonin receptors, (a) it displays about a 1000-fold selectivity for 5-HT2 versus 5-HT1C sites and (b) it has been used as a "5-HT2-selective" antagonist. Because spiperone is a behaviorally disruptive agent, it is not suitable for use in drug-discrimination studies. Using the spiperone molecule as a starting point, a limited structure-affinity investigation was conducted in order to identify a suitable antagonist with high affinity and selectivity for 5-HT2 receptors, and yet an antagonist that might lack the disruptive actions of spiperone. Various modifications of the spiperone molecule were examined, but most resulted in decreased 5-HT2 affinity or in loss of selectivity. One compound, 8-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]de can-4-on e (26), was shown to bind at 5-HT2 sites with high affinity (Ki = 2 nM) and > 2,000-fold selectivity versus 5-HT1C sites. In tests of stimulus antagonism using rats trained to discriminate 1 mg/kg of DOM from saline vehicle, 26 behaved as a potent antagonist (ED50 = 0.003 mg/kg) and lacked the disruptive effects associated with spiperone. As such, (a) it would appear that the DOM stimulus is primarily a 5-HT2-mediated, and not 5-HT1C-mediated, phenomenon, and (b) compound 26 may find application in other pharmacologic investigations where spiperone may not be a suitable antagonist.
The investigation of Chinese consumer values, consumption values, life satisfaction, and consumption behaviors

The primary objective of this study was to investigate how the changing value systems of modern Chinese consumers affect their consumption behaviors and life satisfaction through the mediating variables of consumption values. The results of the multivariate data analysis show that three out of four types of consumer values (i.e., functional, emotional, and social) were positively related to foreign brand purchasing. Among all accepted relationships, the one between collectivism and functional value was the highest, whereas the collectivism and epistemic value relationship was the lowest. Individualism and collectivism were both found to be positively related to foreign brand purchasing and life satisfaction. Compared to collectivists, individualists were less satisfied with their current lives, but they held a more favorable attitude toward foreign brands. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anti-reflexivity

The American conservative movement is a force of anti-reflexivity insofar as it attacks two key elements of reflexive modernization: the environmental movement and environmental impact science. Learning from its mistakes in overtly attacking environmental regulations in the early 1980s, this counter-movement has subsequently exercised a more subtle form of power characterized by non-decision-making. We examine the conservative movement’s efforts to undermine climate science and policy in the USA over the last two decades by using this second dimension of power. The conservative movement has employed four non-decision-making techniques to challenge the legitimacy of climate science and prevent progress in policy-making. We argue that reflexive modernization scholars should focus more attention on similar forces of anti-reflexivity that continue to shape the overall direction of our social, political and economic order, and the life chances of many citizens. Indeed, better understanding of the forces and effectiveness of anti-reflexivity may very well be crucial for societal resilience and adaptation, especially in the face of global environmental problems like climate change.
JFK and dark tourism: A fascination with assassination

Abstract This paper sets out to explore the phenomenon that the authors have entitled Dark Tourism and to analyse evidence of its existence in the context of sites associated with the life and death of the former US President, John F. Kennedy (JFK). These sites present front‐line staff, curators, and development bodies with dilemmas concerning legitimacy of presentation/representation and lead to questions about the, often cited, educational mission, of such attractions. The media has had a central role in the development of this phenomenon and documentation and illustration via news and film has been central to much of the interpretation of JFK and the Kennedys. This paper considers media fascination with this subject and examines exploitation of this interest at three, contrasting sites.
The joint relationships of communication behaviors and task interdependence on trust building and change in virtual project teams

The study presented in this article examined how specific communication behaviors among team members interacted with task interdependence in relation to the building and changing of trust within 53 virtual project teams. At the mid-point of the teams' projects, our results showed that task-oriented communications among team members related significantly to trust, and that communications conveying enthusiasm related to trust only under conditions of low task interdependence. At the end of a team's project, trust among team members related positively to predictability of communications and substantive responses under higher levels of task interdependence. These findings develop extant trust theory in virtual teams, suggesting some useful guidelines to better understand and manage trust processes. Cette étude se propose d'examiner comment, dans 53 équipes de projets virtuels, les comportements spécifiques de communication entre les membres d'une équipe interagissent avec l'interdépendance des tâches et sont corrélés à la construction de la confiance. Les résultats montrent, qu'à mi-parcours du projet, les communications entre les membres de l'équipe axées sur la tâche sont liées de manière significative à la confiance. Les communications qui transmettent de l'enthousiasme ne sont liées à la confiance que dans des conditions de faible interdépendance des tâches. En fin de projet, la confiance entre les membres de l'équipe est corrélée positivement à la prédiction des communications et à des réponses substantielles, mais à des niveaux élevés d'interdépendance des tâches. Ces résultats développent la théorie déjà existante à propos de la confiance dans les équipes virtuelles, en proposant un certain nombre d'orientations utiles pour mieux comprendre et gérer ces processus de confiance.
A new parallel link interface with current-mode incremental signaling and per-pin skew compensation

This paper proposes a new current-mode incremental signaling parallel link interface with per-pin skew compensation. Per-pin skew compensation is carried out in a calibration phase where clock-like training data are sent to all channels along with a reference clock of the same frequency. Training data are deskewed with respect to the common reference clock using DLLs such that all channels are skew-compensated simultaneously. New encoding and decoding scheme have been proposed to reduce the signal critical path at the transmitter. Transimpedance amplifiers with replica biasing are used to perform current-to-voltage conversion at the receiving end with a minimum sensitivity to supply voltage fluctuation. To evaluate the performance of the proposed skew compensating technique, a 1 Gbytes/s parallel link interface consisting of two data channels and one reference clock channel has been implemented with UMC 0.13 μm 1.2 V CMOS technology and analyzed using SpectreRF from Cadence Design Systems with BIM3V3 device models. The channels are modeled as 50 Ω microstrip lines on a FR-4 substrate. Simulation results of the parallel link at all process corners have demonstrated that the proposed parallel link interface provides a minimum deskew range of 1.2 ns (±0.6 ns in each direction).
Service program mobility architecture

The delivery of mobile services is traditionally limited to the cellular operator's home domain, except for a small set of standardized services. Due to the centralized nature of service platforms, resource demanding services suffer from long delays if a user is accessing them when roaming. In this paper we describe an architecture that supports a dynamic, distributed service provisioning for mobile users. Both optimized service placement within an operator's network and placement of service components in a foreign network are supported. This leads to both more efficient resource usage and better quality for the users.
Object Recognition Processes Can and Do Operate Before Figure–Ground Organization

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