Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Acquisition via Three Learning Processes in Enterprise Information Portals: Learning-by-Investment, Learning-by-Doing, and Learning-from-Others

An enterprise information portal (EIP) is viewed as a knowledge community. Activity theory provides a framework to study such a community: members of an EIP conduct specific tasks that are assigned through a division of labor. Each member of an enterprise information portal can undergo three distinct types of learning processes: learning-by-investment, learning-by-doing, and learning-from-others. Through these three types of learning processes, each member achieves specialized knowledge that is related to his or her own task. Cumulative knowledge resulting from the learning processes is considered in terms of two distinct attributes: depth and breadth of knowledge. This paper formulates a mathematical model and defines the goal of an EIP member as maximizing the net benefits of knowledge resulting from individual investment and effort. Numerical examples are provided to analyze patterns of optimal investment and effort plans as well as the resulting accumulated knowledge. The results provide useful managerial implications. In business conditions characterized by high interest rates or high internal rate of returns, it is preferable for members to delay spending their resources for learning. Intensive investment and efforts to obtain knowledge are preferable when the discount rate of costs is high, when knowledge is durable, when the value of knowledge is high, when the initial level of knowledge is high, when the productivity of the learning process is high, and when sufficient knowledge is transferred from other members. On the other hand, the size of the EIP has a positive or negative effect depending on the attribute of knowledge and the productivity of learning processes. Further properties of the optimal decisions and learning processes are analyzed and discussed.
Effects of Task Performance and Task Complexity on the Validity of Computational Models of Attention

Computational models of attention can be used as a component of decision support systems. For accurate support, a computational model of attention has to be valid and robust. The effects of task performance and task complexity on the validity of three different computational models of attention were investigated in an experiment. The gaze-based model uses gaze behavior to determine where the subject's attention is, the task-based model uses information about the task and the combined model uses both gaze behavior and task information. While performing a tactical compilation task, participants had to indicate to what set of objects their attention was allocated. The indications of the participants were compared with the estimations of the three models. The results show that overall, the estimation of the combined model was better than that of the other two models. Contrary to what was expected, the performance of the models was not different for good and bad performers and was not different for a simple and complex scenario. The difference in complexity and performance might not have been strong enough. Further research is needed to determine if improvement of the combined model is possible with additional features and if computational models of attention can effectively be used in decision support systems. This can be done using a similar validation methodology as presented in this paper.
Towards a unification of physics and information theory

A common framework for quantum mechanics, thermodynamics and information theory is presented. It is accomplished by reinterpreting the mathematical formalism of Everett’s manyworlds theory of quantum mechanics and augmenting it to include preparation according to a given ensemble. The notion of directed entanglement is introduced through which both classical and quantum communication over quantum channels are viewed as entanglement transfer. This point is illustrated by proving the Holevo bound and quantum data processing inequality relying exclusively on the properties of directed entanglement. Within the model, quantum thermodynamic entropy is also related to directed entanglement, and a simple proof of the second law of thermodynamics is given. We present a novel framework for quantum mechanics which we argue to be more conducive to the development of quantum information theory. Our motivation is both practical and one of principles. On the practical side, we find the standard Copenhagen framework to be unsatisfactory in various ways. For example, there are many different reasons for a quantum system Q to
Notch1 Deficiency Dissociates the Intrathymic Development of Dendritic Cells and T Cells

Thymic dendritic cells (DCs) form a discrete subset of bone marrow (BM)-derived cells, the function of which is to mediate negative selection of autoreactive thymocytes. The developmental origin of thymic DCs remains controversial. Although cell transfer studies support a model in which T cells and thymic DCs develop from the same intrathymic pluripotential precursor, it remains possible that these two types of cells develop from independent intrathymic precursors. Notch proteins are cell surface receptors involved in the regulation of cell fate specification. We have recently reported that T cell development in inducible Notch1-deficient mice is severely impaired at an early stage, before the expression of T cell lineage markers. To investigate whether development of thymic DCs also depends on Notch1, we have constructed mixed BM chimeric mice. We report here that thymic DC development from Notch1−/− BM precursors is absolutely normal (in terms of absolute number and phenotype) in this competitive situation, despite the absence of Notch1−/− T cells. Furthermore, we find that peripheral DCs and Langerhans cells are also not affected by Notch1 deficiency. Our results demonstrate that the development of DCs is totally independent of Notch1 function, and strongly suggest a dissociation between intrathymic T cell and DC precursors.
A path-history-sensitive access control model for mobile agent environment

To solve the security issues in a mobile agent system, the access control is always employed. Existing access control models enable the agent's identity, trust and other information to influence the security decisions. We argue that the path, which a mobile agent travels along, should be taken into consideration and affect what the agent can do dynamically. An access control model is proposed in this paper which captures the path history of the agent and reaches a decision according to both whether the path matches a path pattern set and whether the path can follow a host patch set. The flexibility of this model is shown and some issues in implementing such a model are discussed as well.
Hybrid TDOA/AOA method for indoor positioning systems

We propose a hybrid time difference of arrival (TDOA) / angle of arrival (AOA) method for indoor positioning systems. The combined AOA includes both the azimuth AOA (A-AOA) and elevation AOA (E-AOA). Thus, this method makes full use of the AOA information to minimize the errors due to estimation of multipath parameters and gives the position of the estimated mobile terminals by simultaneously resolving a set of linearised location equations. Simulation results show that the hybrid method can improve the positioning accuracy significantly.
Efficient transport of voice over IP over cellular links

Internet and cellular technologies are merging to decrease transport costs and enable IP-based applications to hundreds of millions of cellular users. Real time voice services will continue to be dominant in future cellular systems and to reduce system costs it is desirable to base all services, including voice, on IP. However, the radio spectrum must be efficiently used to provide mass-market services at reasonable prices, but Internet protocol headers are large in size. Moreover, data discarding policies are poorly suited to the error-proneness of cellular links. Protocol overhead for IP-based voice services can be reduced by compressing headers, e.g. with the compressed real time protocol (CRTP). CRTP, however, does not perform well over cellular links since it is not robust in the face of errors. ROCCO, a header compression scheme suitable for cellular systems, delivers more packets to the user than CRTP at realistic error rates with a better average compression ratio. Voice services in cellular systems should also be able to use damaged speech data. This can be done using the UDP Lite protocol which provides a more flexible checksumming policy that enables delivery of data possibly usable to the application. This paper shows that CRTP/UDP fails to deliver sufficient service quality at the error rates of a cost-efficient cellular system and that ROCCO combined with UDP Lite can provide an IP-based voice service over such cellular systems.
The GAAP in quality measurement and reporting.

CATALYZED BY EVIDENCE OF POOR-QUALITY CARE AND remarkable variations in processes and outcomes, the interest in quality measurement has increased exponentially. Manifestations of this interest include widespread promulgation of quality measures, an increase in public reporting of these measures, and early experiments in paying for quality. Now that quality of care is being measured rather than assumed, there seems little doubt that better quality scores will lead to major competitive advantages for clinicians and organizations. Although many quality measures are used internally by health care organizations to improve quality of care, an increasing number of measures are being reported publicly. Yet the measurement of quality in health care is neither standardized nor consistently accurate and reliable. Because any organization or company can advertise the quality of its products, it is important to hold health care quality measures to a higher standard than claims about, for example, household products. Without such assurances, publicly reported quality measures may misinform and possibly erode the trust that underlies the medical profession. If patients cannot trust what is reported, they may lose confidence in the quality of care that is provided. Invalid publicly reported quality-of-care measures pose significant risks to patients, clinicians, and potentially to payers. Patients might choose care according to misinformation and make poor decisions. Health care organizations may become overconfident about the quality of care provided and reduce or eliminate improvement efforts and introduce preventable harm. Payers may mistakenly provide financial rewards, channel patients to low-quality clinicians, or make inaccurate inferences about the value (quality per cost) they purchase.
Chronic Exposure to Noise in Industry

A field study (N = 62) is reported comparing two industries that had comparably high noise levels during the pretest phase; one of the two factories was subsequently moved to a new site with strongly reduced noise levels, whereas the control industry remained in the same building as during pretesting. The main prediction was that the reduction of noise in the experimental organization would lead to greater environmental satisfaction, greater job satisfaction, reduced stress symptoms, reduced difficulty of communication, a more positive company image, and greater attachment to the company. No changes from pretest to posttest were expected in the control industry for any of these variables. The hypotheses were fully confirmed, suggesting that environmental conditions reliably affect not only the worker’s physical and psychological well-being but also organizationally relevant variables such as image of and attachment to the company, which have largely been ignored by previous research.
You Talking to Me? A Predictive Model for Zero Auxiliary Constructions

As a consequence of the established practice to prefer training data obtained from written sources, NLP tools encounter problems in handling data from the spoken domain. However, accurate models of spoken data are increasingly in demand for naturalistic speech generation and machine translations in speech-like contexts (such as chat windows and SMS). There is a widely held assumption in the linguistic field that spoken language is an impoverished form of written language. However, we show that spoken data is not unpredictably irregular and that language models can benefit from detailed consideration of spoken language features. This paper considers one specific construction which is largely restricted to the spoken domain - the ZERO AUXILIARY - and makes a predictive model of that construction for native speakers of British English. The model can predict zero auxiliary occurrence in the BNC with 96.9% accuracy. We will demonstrate how this model can be integrated into existing parsing tools, increasing the number of successful parses for this zero auxiliary construction by around 30%, and thus improving the performance of NLP applications which rely on parsing.
Transformation and job creation in the cultural and creative industries in South Africa

ABSTRACT The cultural and creative industries (CCIs) have been hailed as offering great potential to create jobs and to be socially inclusive. Since artistic success is defined by individual talent, or merit, the CCIs should be one sector that is especially open to, and appreciative of, social diversity in terms of race, class, cultural group and gender. However, as expected, recent studies in both the UK and the US have revealed that employment in the CCIs is heavily dominated by the middle classes, and is not as diverse in terms of other characteristics. Since the advent of democracy in South Africa in 1994, transformation of firm ownership, previously dominated by white people, to include more black, coloured and Indian/Asian-origin South Africans, has been an important part of achieving greater economic equality and social cohesion, as well as being more representative of the cultures of the majority of the population. Using data from a survey of 2400 CCIs firms in South Africa, this paper examines the extent to which the CCIs in South Africa have transformed in terms of ownership and employment. Comparisons are also made across the six UNESCO [(2009). Framework for cultural statistics. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved from http://www.uis. unesco.org/culture/Pages/framework-cultural-statistics.aspx] “Cultural Domains” in terms of ownership, average monthly turnover and the number of full-time, part-time and contract employees. Results show some diversity in the industry, but significant differences between the Domains. Statistical analysis demonstrates that CCI funding policy in South Africa is sensitive to advancing the transformation agenda in that more transformed firms were shown to be more likely to have received some form of government grant as part of their income.
The Importance of an In-depth Study of Immunoglobulin Gene Rearrangements When Ascertaining the Clonal Relationship between Concomitant Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM) are hematological disorders that occur at different stages of B-cell development. It has been shown that CLL B-cells can differentiate into plasma cells in vitro and in vivo. CLL is the most frequent adult leukemia in the western world. It is a heterogeneous disease, characterized by clonal proliferation and the accumulation of mature CD5+ B lymphocytes (1). MM is a clonal plasma cell malignancy that accounts for more than 10% of all hematologic cancers (2). Although secondary cancers [particularly solid tumors (3–5)] can occur with CLL and MM, the concomitant occurrence of these two disorders in the same patient is rare [for a review of the few reported cases, see Ref. (6)]. The clonal relationship between these diseases has not always been clarified but is important in terms of understanding the pathogenesis and optimizing treatment. The clonal relationship between CLL and MM can be evaluated by (i) analyzing immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain and light chain (Ig kappa light chain and Ig lambda light chain) gene rearrangement, (ii) identifying and comparing somatic mutations, and (iii) studying chromosomic aberrations. Nevertheless, Ig rearrangements must always be interpreted in the light of specific phenomena such as allelic exclusion, B-cell receptor (BCR) revision (VH and DH gene replacement), BCR editing, and somatic mutations—events that were not considered in previous studies. These issues can be addressed by sequencing the rearranged Ig genes from sorted populations and interpreting the generated data. In the present study, we evaluated the putative clonal relationship between the two diseases by combining DNA copy number analysis with an assessment of Ig gene rearrangements [clonality assessment, V(D)J sequencing, and somatic hypermutation analysis] in highly enriched CD19+ CD5+ (CLL) and CD38+ CD138+ (MM) cell populations. Array comparative genomic hybridization data suggested a possible phylogenic progression from CLL to MM. Moreover, V(D)J sequencing indicated that both CLL and MM cells used the same VH and JH genes but different DH genes. However, in-depth analysis and interpretation of Ig gene rearrangements ultimately suggested that the two diseases had distinct clonal origins.
A Tunable Majority Gate-Based Full Adder Using Current-Induced Domain Wall Nanomagnets

Domain wall nanomagnet (DWNM)-based devices have been extensively studied as a promising alternative to the conventional CMOS technology in both the memory and logic implementations due to their non-volatility, near-zero standby power, and high integration density characteristics. In this paper, we leverage a physics-based model of a DWNM device to design a highly scalable current-mode majority gate to achieve a novel one bit full-adder (FA) circuit. The modeled DWNM specifications are calibrated with the experimentally measured data. The functionality of the proposed DWNM-based FA (DWNM-FA) is verified using a SPICE circuit simulator. The detailed analysis and the calculations have been performed to realize the proposed DWNM-FA delay and power consumption corresponding to the various induced input currents at different operating temperatures. The power-delay product of DWNM-FA is examined to tune the operation within the optimum induced input current region to obtain desired power-delay requirements over a range of 200 μA to 1 mA at temperatures from 298 to 378 K. Finally, the comparison results exhibit 52% and 49% area improvement as well as 41% and 31% improvement in device count complexity over CMOS-based and magnetic tunnel junction-based FA designs, respectively.
Global Gabor features for rotation invariant object classification

The human visual system can rapidly and accurately recognize a large number of various objects in cluttered scenes under widely varying and difficult viewing conditions, such as illuminations changing, occlusion, scaling or rotation. One of the state-of-the-art feature extraction techniques used in image recognition and processing is based on the Gabor wavelet model. This paper deals with the application of the aforementioned model for object classification task with respect to the rotation issue. Three training sample sizes were applied to assess the methodpsilas performance. Experiments ran on the COIL-100 database show the robustness of the Gabor approach when globally applied to extract relevant discriminative features. The method out-performs other state-of-the-art techniques compared in the paper such as, principal component analysis (PCA) or linear discriminant analysis (LDA).
Patterns for Secure Boot and Secure Storage in Computer Systems

Trusted Computing aims at enhancing the security of IT systems by using a combination of trusted hardware and software components to provide security guarantees. This includes system state integrity and the secure link between the software and hardware of a computing platform. Although security patterns exist for operating system security, access control, and authentication, there is still none of Trusted Computing aspects. In this paper, we introduce security patterns for secure boot and for secure storage, which are important basic Trusted Computing concepts. Secure boot is at the heart of most security solutions and secure storage is fundamental for application-level security: it ensures that the integrity of software is verified before accessing stored data. Our paper aims at complementing existing system security patterns by presenting the common patterns underlying the different realizations of secure boot and secure storage.
Torque Distribution in a Six-Legged Robot

In this paper, distribution of required forces and moments to the supporting legs of a six-legged robot is handled as a torque-distribution problem. This approach is comparatively contrasted to the conventional approach of tip-point force distribution. The formulation of dynamics is performed by using the joint torques as the primary variables. The sum of the squares of the joint torques on the supporting legs is considered to be proportional to the dissipated power. The objective function is constructed as this sum, and the problem is formulated as to minimize this quadratic objective function with respect to linear equality and inequality constraints. It is demonstrated that the torque-distribution scheme results in a much more efficient distribution compared with the conventional scheme of force distribution. In contrast to the force distribution, the torque-distribution scheme makes good use of interaction forces and friction in order to minimize the required joint torques
Adaptive load balancing with preemption for multimedia cellular networks

Efficient bandwidth management is necessary in order to provide high quality service to users in a multimedia wireless/mobile network. In this paper, we propose an on-line load balancing algorithm with preemption. This technique is able to balance the traffic load among cells accommodating heterogeneous multimedia services while ensuring efficient bandwidth utilization. The most important features of our algorithm are its adaptability, flexibility and responsiveness to current network conditions. In addition, our online scheme to control bandwidth adaptively is a cell-oriented approach. This approach has low complexity making it practical for real cellular networks. Simulation results indicate the superior performance of our algorithm.
Magnetic field effects on the optimal fidelity of standard teleportation via the two qubits Heisenberg XX chain in thermal equilibrium

We study the two qubits Heisenberg XX chain with magnetic impurity in the presence of the external magnetic field and calculate the optimal fidelity of standard teleportation via the thermal equilibrium state. It is found that the combined influence of magnetic impurity and external magnetic field can increase the critical temperatures of entanglement and quantum teleportation without limit. The relation between two kinds of critical temperatures is revealed.