Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Connectionist ABM of Social Categorization Processes

This paper introduces a connectionist Agent-Based Model (cABM) that incorporates detailed, micro-level understanding of social influence processes derived from laboratory studies and that aims to contextualize these processes in such a way that it becomes possible to model multidirectional, dynamic influences in extended social networks. At the micro-level, agent processes are simulated by recurrent auto-associative networks, an architecture that has a proven ability to simulate a variety of individual psychological and memory processes [D. Van Rooy, F. Van Overwalle, T. Vanhoomissen, C. Labiouse and R. French, Psychol. Rev. 110, 536 (2003)]. At the macro-level, these individual networks are combined into a "community of networks" so that they can exchange their individual information with each other by transmitting information on the same concepts from one net to another. This essentially creates a network structure that reflects a social system in which (a collection of) nodes represent individual agents and the links between agents the mutual social influences that connect them [B. Hazlehurst, and E. Hutchins, Lang. Cogn. Process. 13, 373 (1998)]. The network structure itself is dynamic and shaped by the interactions between the individual agents through simple processes of social adaptation. Through simulations, the cABM generates a number of novel predictions that broadly address three main issues: (1) the consequences of the interaction between multiple sources and targets of social influence (2) the dynamic development of social influence over time and (3) collective and individual opinion trajectories over time. Some of the predictions regarding individual level processes have been tested and confirmed in laboratory experiments. In a extensive research program, data is currently being collected from real groups that will allow validating the predictions of cABM regarding aggregate outcomes.
Generating a Visual System with Soft Layout Constraints

We developed a visual system generator called “Rainbow” which can handle layout constraints. The system can interactively layout figures while parsing them and make the parsed figures more understandable. Rainbow can deal with “soft layout constraints. ” Soft layout constraints automatically layout entire figures by using graph drawing algorithms. Soft layout constraints are more flexible than constraints that determine coordinates and distances between figure elements. We have implemented three kinds of soft layout constraints: the spring model constraint, magnetic spring model constraint, and tree structure constraint. We use the spring model constraint to layout an undirected graph. The magnetic spring model constraint is used to layout a directed/undirected graph by controlling the orientation of an edge. The tree structure constraint is used to layout a graph in a tree structure. We will show two examples, “organization diagrams” and “E-R diagrams. ”
Cardiac Function in Patients with Early Cirrhosis during Maximal Beta-Adrenergic Drive: A Dobutamine Stress Study

Background and aim Cardiac dysfunction in patients with early cirrhosis is debated. We investigated potential cardiac dysfunction by assessing left ventricular systolic performance during a dobutamine stress test in patients with early cirrhosis. Patients and methods Nineteen patients with Child A and B cirrhosis (9 with non-alcoholic cirrhosis) and 7 matched controls were included. We used cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to assess left ventricular volumes and cardiac output (CO) at rest and during maximal heart rate induced by increasing dosages of dobutamine and atropine. Results Patients with cirrhosis and controls had an equal stress response, the heart rate and ejection fraction increased similarly and maximal heart rate was reached in all. At rest CO was higher in Child B patients than controls. During maximal stress, Child B patients had higher CO (10.6±2.7 vs. 8.0±1.8 L/min), left ventricle end diastolic volume (90±25 vs. 67±16 mL), left ventricular end diastolic volume (10±4 vs. 6±2 mL) and stroke volume (80±23 vs. 61±15 mL) than Child A patients. The systemic vascular resistance was lower in Child B than Child A patients (670±279 vs. 911±274 dyne*s*cm−5). The left ventricle mass increased by 5.6 gram per model for end stage liver disease (MELD) point. MELD score correlated with the end diastolic and systolic volume, CO, and stroke volume at rest and at stress (all p<0.05). Conclusion In patients with early cirrhosis the chronotropoic and inotropic response to pharmacological stress induced by dobutamine is normal. With progression of the disease, the mass of the heart increases along with increase in cardiac volumes.
Accuracy of Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Insertion Technique with Conventional Dual Fluoroscopy Units and a Retrospective Comparative Study Based on Surgeon Experience

Study Design Retrospective comparative study. Objective To evaluate the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) placement and intraoperative imaging time using dual fluoroscopy units and their differences between surgeons with more versus less experience. Methods One hundred sixty-one patients who underwent lumbar fusion surgery were divided into two groups, A (n = 74) and B (n = 87), based on the performing surgeon's experience. The accuracy of PPS placement and radiation time for PPS insertion were compared. PPSs were inserted with classic technique under the assistance of dual fluoroscopy units placed in two planes. The breach definition of PPS misplacement was based on postoperative computed tomography (grade I: no breach; grade II: <2 mm; grade III: ≤2 to <4 mm). Results Of 658 PPSs, only 21 screws were misplaced. The breach rates of groups A and B were 3.3% (grade II: 3.4%, grade III: 0%) and 3.1% (grade II: 2.6%, grade III: 0.6%; p = 0.91). One patient in grade III misplacement had a transient symptom of leg numbness. Median radiation exposure time during PPS insertion was 25 seconds and 51 seconds, respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusions Without using an expensive imaging support system, the classic technique of PPS insertion using dual fluoroscopy units in the lumbar and sacral spine is fairly accurate and provides good clinical outcomes, even among surgeons lacking experience.
Year 2: The Missing Piece to the Classroom of the Future - The Ability to Scale Down to Scale Up

It is common to see new classrooms being constructed or old ones renovated at universities across the U.S. However, there is a huge missing piece to the puzzle for these classroom projects and it is more than just money or funding. This paper will look at the first and second years of a multi-year, multi-phase project at The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), which has embarked upon the journey to build “the classroom of the future”. Our discussions will include lessons learned the first year of the project from instructor and student input through focus groups, surveys, and classroom assessments. Additionally, we include second-year data from instructors who used the prototype classroom to teach various courses this past fall 2016 semester. First-year results assert that the biggest obstacles to building the classroom of the future do not depend on the technology or the cost but on a much deeper understanding of the instructors’ teaching needs. We will look at how a divide between traditional information technology (IT) and faculty has created a huge misconception and misunderstanding of the needs in the classroom. The key to fixing the issue involves focusing on the basics of the design process itself and how something as simple as a light switch can make a world of difference in whether the classroom of the future meets with success or failure. In an environment where the strategy may be to simply scale up classrooms by investing in new costly equipment and infrastructure, we may actually need to first scale classrooms down in order to solve simple design issues. Only then can we successfully scale them up to a standardized solution in terms of budget, usability, and technologies that can be replicated across campus. Our first-year findings will highlight the areas that seem to be the biggest overlooked concepts when designing for the classroom of the future on campuses today. Our second-year findings support the concept that designing a classroom in this scaled-down manner does have a positive effect on the teaching and learning.
Minimum classification error rate training of supervised topic mixture model for multi-label text categorization

Multi-label text categorization has received more and more attention in recent years, which is more difficult but practical than the conventional binary or multi-class text categorization. Supervised topic model approaches have been proved to be effective for the multi-label text categorization. Models in most of these approaches are trained by maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). This paper proposes a discriminative learning approach based on the minimum classification error rate training to further improve the classification performance. Different properties of this method are investigated and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this new approach. The performance of the discriminative learning approach is more than 10% relatively better comparing with that of MLE training.
Views of NHS commissioners on commissioning support provision. Evidence from a qualitative study examining the early development of clinical commissioning groups in England

Objective The 2010 healthcare reform in England introduced primary care-led commissioning in the National Health Service (NHS) by establishing clinical commissioning groups (CCGs). A key factor for the success of the reform is the provision of excellent commissioning support services to CCGs. The Government's aim is to create a vibrant market of competing providers of such services (from both for-profit and not-for-profit sectors). Until this market develops, however, commissioning support units (CSUs) have been created from which CCGs are buying commissioning support functions. This study explored the attitudes of CCGs towards outsourcing commissioning support functions during the initial stage of the reform. Design The research took place between September 2011 and June 2012. We used a case study research design in eight CCGs, conducting in-depth interviews, observation of meetings and analysis of policy documents. Setting/participants We conducted 96 interviews and observed 146 meetings (a total of approximately 439 h). Results Many CCGs were reluctant to outsource core commissioning support functions (such as contracting) for fear of losing local knowledge and trusted relationships. Others were disappointed by the absence of choice and saw CSUs as monopolies and a recreation of the abolished PCTs. Many expressed doubts about the expectation that outsourcing of commissioning support functions will result in lower administrative costs. Conclusions Given the nature of healthcare commissioning, outsourcing vital commissioning support functions may not be the preferred option of CCGs. Considerations of high transaction costs, and the risk of fragmentation of services and loss of trusted relationships involved in short-term contracting, may lead most CCGs to decide to form long-term partnerships with commissioning support suppliers in the future. This option, however, limits competition by creating ‘network closure’ and calls into question the Government's intention to create a vibrant market of commissioning support provision.
Complexity Hierarchies beyond Elementary

We introduce a hierarchy of fast-growing complexity classes and show its suitability for completeness statements of many nonelementary problems. This hierarchy allows the classification of many decision problems with a nonelementary complexity, which occur naturally in areas such as logic, combinatorics, formal languages, and verification, with complexities ranging from simple towers of exponentials to Ackermannian and beyond.
Oxidative Stress in the Developing Brain: Effects of Postnatal Glucocorticoid Therapy and Antioxidants in the Rat

In premature infants, glucocorticoids ameliorate chronic lung disease, but have adverse effects on long-term neurological function. Glucocorticoid excess promotes free radical overproduction. We hypothesised that the adverse effects of postnatal glucocorticoid therapy on the developing brain are secondary to oxidative stress and that antioxidant treatment would diminish unwanted effects. Male rat pups received a clinically-relevant tapering course of dexamethasone (DEX; 0.5, 0.3, and 0.1 mg.kg−1.day−1), with or without antioxidant vitamins C and E (DEXCE; 200 mg.kg−1.day−1 and 100 mg.kg−1.day−1, respectively), on postnatal days 1–6 (P1–6). Controls received saline or saline with vitamins. At weaning, relative to controls, DEX decreased total brain volume (704.4±34.7 mm3 vs. 564.0±20.0 mm3), the soma volume of neurons in the CA1 (1172.6±30.4 µm3 vs. 1002.4±11.8 µm3) and in the dentate gyrus (525.9±27.2 µm3 vs. 421.5±24.6 µm3) of the hippocampus, and induced oxidative stress in the cortex (protein expression: heat shock protein 70 [Hsp70]: +68%; 4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE]: +118% and nitrotyrosine [NT]: +20%). Dexamethasone in combination with vitamins resulted in improvements in total brain volume (637.5±43.1 mm3), and soma volume of neurons in the CA1 (1157.5±42.4 µm3) and the dentate gyrus (536.1±27.2 µm3). Hsp70 protein expression was unaltered in the cortex (+9%), however, 4-HNE (+95%) and NT (+24%) protein expression remained upregulated. Treatment of neonates with vitamins alone induced oxidative stress in the cortex (Hsp70: +67%; 4-HNE: +73%; NT: +22%) and in the hippocampus (NT: +35%). Combined glucocorticoid and antioxidant therapy in premature infants may be safer for the developing brain than glucocorticoids alone in the treatment of chronic lung disease. However, antioxidant therapy in healthy offspring is not recommended.
Roles and Mental Health Functioning of Adult Children of Alcoholic Fathers in Pakistan

It has been amply demonstrated through clinical practice and research that alcoholism not only affects the individual, but the family as well (Olmsted, Crowell, and Waters, 2003). The affects are numerous ranging from nonclinical to clinical problems (Barnard and McKeganey, 2004). Moreover, one of the salient features is that the family members of the alcoholics, especially, the children regardless of age develop certain psychosocial roles in order to deal with the chaos in the family caused by the parent’s alcoholism (Daylon, 2012). The present study was aimed to study the mental health functioning, the roles assumed by the adult children of alcoholics, and also the relationship between the two variables. In order to achieve the aim, data were collected from private rehabilitation centers where the fathers were admitted for treatment of alcoholism and the family were counseled on out-patient basis. To determine the mental health functioning General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg and Williams, 1988) was used and for the roles Role Identification Scale (Samuel, Mahmood, and Saleem, 2014) was administered on 400 participants with age range 18-25 years with equal gender distribution. The results showed two sets of complimentary roles in the family and their significant relationship with mental health functioning. The relationship between the variables was discussed in context of indigenous family structure and cultural practices along with implications of the study.
Comprehension and Processing of Paired Sentences in Second Language Reading: A Comparison of Causal and Semantic Relatedness

This study aimed to examine how second language (L2) readers process and comprehend paired sentences based on the causal and semantic relatedness of the sentences. Causal relatedness refers to the cause‐and‐effect relations between the events described, whereas semantic relatedness refers to the similarity of meaning conveyed by the sentences. In a pair of experiments, Japanese learners of English read 2‐sentence stories with varying causal and semantic relatedness, after which they were asked to recall the second sentence of each story using the first sentence as a cue. Mixed‐effects models with crossed random effects for participants and items revealed that the second sentence was read faster and recalled better when it was more causally related to the first sentence. Semantic relatedness also facilitated the processing times and recall of the second sentence, although the effect was limited by the effects of causal relatedness or participants’ reading skills. Theoretical and educational implications of these findings for L2 text comprehension and processing are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
An SBVR to SQL Compiler

This paper presents the implementation of a compiler of SBVR Structured English to SQL data models and queries, with SBVR Logical Formulation as an intermediate step. The compiler is implemented in OMeta/JS and targets browsers that support Web SQL Databases. We discuss each stage of our compiler as well as the optimizations and necessary tradeoffs.
Automatic face emotion recognition and classification using Genetic Algorithm

Facial expressions analysis most significant part for human computer interaction. Now days, face emotion recognition is most important application of computer vision that can be used for security, entertainment and human machine interface. Automatic face emotion recognition is still challenging & emerging problem with many applications such an automatic surveillance, robot motion, video indexing and retrieval and monitoring systems. Emotion recognition and classification depends upon gesture, pose, facial expression, speech and behavioral reactions, etc. In this paper, an automatic emotion recognition and classification method is based on Genetic Algorithm and on neural network. This system consists of 3 steps which automatically detect the face emotion image: First, pre-processing such as adjusting contrast, colour segmentation, filtering, and edge detection is applied on the input image. Secondly, features are extracted with projection profile method due to high speed which has taken as processed input image. Finally, in third stage to compute optimized parameters of eyes and lip through the GA, then emotions (neutral, happy, sad, dislike, angry, surprise and fear) is classified using artificial neural network. The proposed system is tested on a face emotion image. The obtained results show that better performance of genetic algorithm along with neural network.
Cerebral responses to innocuous somatic pressure stimulation following aerobic exercise rehabilitation in chronic pain patients: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Objective The purpose of this research was to assess the functional brain activity and perceptual rating of innocuous somatic pressure stimulation before and after exercise rehabilitation in patients with chronic pain. Materials and methods Eleven chronic pain patients and eight healthy pain-free controls completed 12 weeks of supervised aerobic exercise intervention. Perceptual rating of standardized somatic pressure stimulation (2 kg) on the right anterior mid-thigh and brain responses during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were assessed at pre- and postexercise rehabilitation. Results There was a significant difference in the perceptual rating of innocuous somatic pressure stimulation between the chronic pain and control groups (P=0.02) but no difference following exercise rehabilitation. Whole brain voxel-wise analysis with correction for multiple comparisons revealed trends for differences in fMRI responses between the chronic pain and control groups in the superior temporal gyrus (chronic pain > control, corrected P=0.30), thalamus, and caudate (control > chronic, corrected P=0.23). Repeated measures of the regions of interest (5 mm radius) for blood oxygen level-dependent signal response revealed trend differences for superior temporal gyrus (P=0.06), thalamus (P=0.04), and caudate (P=0.21). Group-by-time interactions revealed trend differences in the caudate (P=0.10) and superior temporal gyrus (P=0.29). Conclusion Augmented perceptual and brain responses to innocuous somatic pressure stimulation were shown in the chronic pain group compared to the control group; however, 12-weeks of exercise rehabilitation did not significantly attenuate these responses.
ISPRS Archives XXXVIII-8/W3 Workshop Proceedings: Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture 326 MAPPING SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF CROPPING PRACTICES USING TIME SERIES OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA

Understanding and interpreting the temporal variations of the vegetation growth can provide valuable information on its dynamics and in case of crops provide an estimate of the phenological milestones that can help describe the crop. The focus of this work is to use the phenological parameters derived from MODIS EVI time series composite data to map the variability in cropping practices. These maps christened as variability maps, map the cropping practices including the length of growing period (LGP) spatially over a given geographic region. The phenological parameters obtained were also analyzed to identify crop pixels which showed cropping in more than one season. This information was extrapolated to find areas under irrigation in the study area. * sudhir@research.iiit. ac.in
PyTables : Processing And Analyzing Extremely Large Amounts Of Data In Python

Processing large amounts of data is a must for people working in such fields of scientific applications as Meteorology, Oceanography, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Experimental Physics or Numerical simulation to name only a few. Existing relational or object-oriented databases usually are good solutions for applications in which multiple distributed clients need to access and update a large centrally managed database (e.g., a financial trading system). However, they are not optimally designed for efficient read-only database queries to pieces, or even single attributes, of objects, a requirement for processing data in many scientific fields such as the ones mentioned above. This paper describes PyTables [ 1], a Python library that addresses this need, enabling the end user to manipulate easily scientific data tables and regular homogeneous (such as Numeric [ 2] arrays) Python data objects in a persistent, hierarchical structure. The foundation of the underlying hierarchical data organization is the excellent HDF5 [ 3] C library.
A Role of Heuristics Miner Algorithm in the Business Process System

The main idea of process mining is to extract knowledge or information from event logs recorded by an information system. Till now, the information in these event logs was rarely used to analyze the underlying processes. Process mining aims at improving this by providing techniques and tools for discovering process, organizational, social, and performance information from event logs. Process mining has become a bright research area. In this paper we discuss the challenging process mining domain and demonstrate a heuristics driven process mining algorithm; the so called Heuristics Miner in detail. Heuristics Miner is a practical applicable mining algorithm that can deal with noise, and can be used to express the main behavior that is not all details and exceptions, registered in an event log. The business process system has a complex process system, which deals about many cases or audit trail entries and various event logs. This paper deals about the role of Heuristics Miner algorithm in the field of Business process system, also the Heuristics Miner algorithm is compared with the other mining algorithm such as α-algorithm. Hence, we analyzed that, is it possible to develop a control flow process mining algorithm such as Heuristics Miner algorithm can discover all the common control flow structures and is robust to noisy logs at once? This paper attempts to provide an answer to this question.