Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
RTP4, a Biomarker Associated with Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Pan-Cancer Analysis

Background Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a global epidemic of infectious disease; the purpose of our study was to explore new potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and to use the biomarkers for further pan-cancer analysis. Methods Four microarray gene expression sets were downloaded from the GEO public databases and conducted for further analysis. Healthy control (HC) samples and samples of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were calculated with enrichment scores in folate biosynthesis pathways. The scores acted as a new phenotype combined with clinical information (control or PTB) for subsequent analysis. Weight gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to seek the modules mostly related to PTB and folate biosynthesis in training sets. Twenty-nine coexistence genes were screened by intersecting the genes in the green-yellow module of GSE28623 and the brown module of GSE83456. We used the protein-protein interaction network analysis to narrow the gene range to search for hub genes. Then, we downloaded the unified and standardized pan-cancer data set from the UCSC database for correlations between biomarkers and prognosis and tumor stage differences. Results Eventually, RTP4 was selected as a biomarker. To verify the reliability of this biomarker, an area under the ROC (AUC) was calculated in gene sets (GSE28623, GSE83456, and GSE34608). Lastly, to explore the difference in RTP4 expression before and after antituberculosis treatment, the GSE31348 gene set was enrolled to compare the expressions in weeks 0 and 26. The results showed significant differences between these two time points (p < 0.001). RTP4 was significantly upregulated in the pulmonary tuberculosis group compared to the healthy control group in three gene sets and downregulated after antituberculosis therapy in one gene set. These results suggest that RTP4 can be used as a potential biomarker in diagnosing tuberculosis. The results of pan-cancer analysis showed that high expression of RTP4 in 4 tumor types was positively correlated with poor prognosis and high expression of RTP4 in 6 tumor types was negatively correlated with poor prognosis. We found significant differences in the expression of the RTP4 gene at different stages in 5 types of tumors. Conclusion RTP4 might be a new potential biomarker for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis.
Machine learning algorithms for population-specific risk score in coronary artery bypass grafting

Background The aim of this study was to develop a new risk prediction score (NH Score) for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) specific to the Indian population and compare it to the Society of Thoracic Surgeon (STS) Score and the EuroSCORE II. Method The baseline features of adult patients who underwent CABG between the years 2015 and 2021 (n = 6703) were taken and split into training data (2015–2020; n = 5561) and validation data (2020–2021; n = 1142). The CatBoost algorithm was trained to predict risk scores (NH score), and the performance was tested on the validation set by Precision-Recall Curve and F1 Score. Model calibration was measured by the Brier Score, Expected Calibration Error and Maximum Calibration Error. Results The NH score outperformed both the STS and EuroSCORE II for all outcomes. For mortality, the PR AUC for NH Score was (0.463 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28–0.64]) compared to 0.113 [95% CI, 0.04–0.22] for the STS score and 0.146 [95% CI, 0.06–0.31] for the EuroSCORE II (p ≪ 0.0001). With respect to morbidity NH Score was superior to the STS score (0.43 [95% CI, 0.33–0.50]) vs. (0.229 [95% CI, 0.18–0.3, p < 0.0001). The observed to the predicted ratio for NH score was superior to the STS Score and similar to EuroSCORE II. NH Score was also more accurate at predicting the risk of prolonged ventilation compared to the STS Score. Conclusion NH score shows an excellent improvement over the performance of STS score and EuroSCORE II for modelling risk predictions for patients undergoing CABG in Indian population. It warrants further validation for larger datasets.
Performance Analysis of Passive Dynamic Vibration Absorber and Semi-active Dynamic Vibration Absorber with Delayed Feedback

A method is described to suppress vibrations by a semi-active dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) with a delayed resonator. The delayed resonator is designed and implemented in a single-degree-of-freedom primary system, and then the dynamic features of vibration suppression are studied to observe the validity of the design. The stability of the delayed resonator and the combined system are discussed by stability switch method. The analytical results are found to be fairly consistent with those obtained by numerical method. The analytical and numerical findings indicate that both semi-active free-damp dynamic vibration absorber (FDVA) and semi-active damp dynamic vibration absorber (DDVA) in primary system have broadband of vibration suppression. Furthermore, the above semi-active FDVA and semi-active DDVAD can completely remove oscillations from the primary system for the primary system excited by a simple harmonic forcing. But semi-active damp dynamic vibration absorber (DDVA) is invalid for vibration suppression because of its instability. In summary, the results of the paper create a reference platform for design of semi-active dynamic vibration absorbers in engineering.
Large deviations of tail estimators based on the Pareto approximation

We consider the relative error of a tail function when this is approximated by y–α using an estimator of Hill's for α. The results combine recent work of Davis and Resnick on tail estimation with Anderson's work on large deviations in extreme-value theory. Treating separately the domains of attraction of Φα and Λ, we obtain general conditions for the relative error to tend to 0 as u →∞, y → ∞ simultaneously. The results serve as warning against the automatic extrapolation of estimates based on extreme-value approximations.
Temperature-Dependent Drain Current Characteristics and Low Frequency Noises in Indium Zinc Oxide Thin Film Transistors*

The I–V characteristics and low frequency noises for indium zinc oxide thin film transistor are measured between 250 K and 430 K. The experimental results show that drain currents are thermally activated following the Meyer–Neldel rule, which can be explained by the multiple-trapping process. Moreover, the field effect electron mobility firstly increases, and then decreases with the increase of temperature, while the threshold voltage decreases with increasing the temperature. The activation energy and the density of localized gap states are extracted. A noticeable increase in the density of localized states is observed at the higher temperatures.
Anesthesia Analysis of Compound Lidocaine Cream Alone in Adult Male Device-Assisted Circumcision

Objective: to evaluate the anesthetic effect among adult male patients with the single use of compound lidocaine cream in device-assisted circumcision, hoping to provide an anesthetic method for the simplification of the surgical process. Methods: Male adult patients undergoing device-assisted circumcision through prepuce local anesthesia using lidocaine cream in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from December 2020 to August 2021 were selected. According to different age groups and different surgical procedures, the anesthetic effect of compound lidocaine cream was analyzed considering the aspects of anesthetic cost, anesthetic time, anesthetic duration, anesthetic effect, anesthetic side effects and anesthetic satisfaction. Results: In the study, 99.1% of 649 patients needed only 1 application of compound lidocaine cream to complete the operation. The time taken for anesthesia was short; the whole anesthesia process only required approximately 2–5 min. However, for patients with severe phimosis, the time to complete the anesthesia procedure was correspondingly longer. The pain degree caused by anesthesia was low, and the patients with a pain score of ≤3 points accounted for 96.7%. The anesthetic effect lasted for a sufficiently long period, and the time of algesia recovery from local anesthesia was almost 1 h after surgery. The anesthesia effect was sufficient, and patients with an intraoperative pain score of ≤3 accounted for 98.7%, which could meet the surgical requirements. There were few side effects of the anesthesia. The overwhelming majority of patients were pleased with the anesthesia, and 98.9% of patients had an anesthesia satisfaction score of ≥7. Conclusion: The compound lidocaine cream, as a local anesthetic, is safe and effective for most adult male device-assisted circumcisions. More useful information needs to be corroborated by more advanced evidence, especially for severe phimosis.
Uncertainty avoidance and acceptance of the digital payment systems: a partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants that likely influence the intention of using digital payment systems such as the Jordan Mobile Payment (JoMoPay) system among public sector employees in Jordan. To achieve the purpose of the current study, the authors developed a new research model based on the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2), with one of Hofstede’s cross-cultural dimension scales [uncertainty avoidance (UA)] to provide a further understanding of the JoMoPay system acceptance in Jordan. Design/methodology/approach A partial least squares-structural equation modeling approach was used to analyze the data collected by self-administration from the 270 employees working in the Jordanian public sector located in Amman city, the capital city of Jordan. Because most main public sectors are located in Amman and because of the cost and time considerations, the current study applied a non-probability sampling with the purposive sampling technique. Findings The empirical results reveal that the evident drivers of behavioral intention to use the JoMoPay system are significantly and positively influenced by social influence, UA, performance expectancy, price value and effort expectancy; therefore, the H1, H2, H3, H5 and H6 were supported. Conversely, the results show no significant relationship between facilitating conditions and the behavioral intention to use the JoMoPay system, and hence, the related hypothesis (H4) was not supported. Practical implications The results of this study provide beneficial information to the Central Bank of Jordan and other service providers in Jordan about employee intentions to adopt JoMoPay system and increase decision-makers’ knowledge on factors that have an important impact in UTAUT2 model. Social implications The results of this study enable policymakers to understand the important factors that will enhance savings, investments and living standards, create job opportunities as well as reduce the poverty, the paper money printing cost, risks of money transportation cost and the risk of human errors. Originality/value The outcomes obtained will help both practitioners and researchers elucidate and understand the situation of digital payment systems acceptance among Jordanian public sector employees, as well as help them formulate plans to expedite the adoption process of digital payment systems in the case of UA.
Binary Vulnerability Similarity Detection Based on Function Parameter Dependency

Many existing works compute the binary vulnerability similarity based on binary procedure, which has coarse detection granularity and cannot locate the vulnerability trigger position accurately, and have a higher false positive rate, so a new binary vulnerability similarity detection method based on function parameter dependency in hazard API is proposed. First, convert the instructions of different architectures into an intermediate language, and use the compiler with a back-end optimizer to optimize and normalize the binary procedure. Then, locate the hazard API that appears in the binary procedure, and perform the function parameters dependency analysis to generate a set of parameter slices on the hazard API. Experiments show that the method has a higher recall rate (up to 14.3% better than the baseline model) in real-world scenarios, and not only locates the triggering position of the vulnerability but also identifies the fixed vulnerability.
Unlocking the potential of 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-based luminescent liquid crystals

ABSTRACT Here, we report the synthesis and characterisation of 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-based (BOX) luminescent liquid crystals with a π-conjugated core and different elongated donor units connected by triple bonds. These molecules exhibited calamitic thermotropic mesomorphism with nematic and smectic phases and intense photoluminescence under UV–vis light excitation in solutions and films. In solution, the emission revealed a maximum in the yellow region (502 to 590 nm), similar to that of benzothiadiazoles (BTD) homologous, but with fluorescence quantum, it yields significantly higher (ΦPL = 0.30–54). The nature of donor unit substantially influenced the quantum yields and excited state lifetimes. Solvatochromism studies showed a dependence of the emission, quantum yield and lifetimes with the polarity of the solvent. This work demonstrates that 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole core derivatives have thermal and photophysical properties similar to BTDs but with superior quantum efficiency. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
The Origin of Seismic and Tectonic Activity Underlying the Sichuan Basin, Central China

The Sichuan basin, located adjacent to the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, serves as an ideal marker for testing the extrusion process of the plateau. The basin is seismically active, with the strongest earthquake, the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, occurring in the Longmen Shan range along its northwestern edge. A new regional compilation of focal mechanism solutions of earthquakes in and surrounding the basin reveals that a large fraction of the events have focal depths ranging between 8 and 25 km, corresponding to the crystalline basement of the basin. Seismic deformation involves right‐lateral oblique reverse faults, mostly trending northeast–southwest, similar to the kinematics of the mainshock of the Wenchuan earthquake. Shallow earthquakes (3–8 km) suggest that some of the seismic faults rupturing the crystalline basement are growing toward the surface. To the southwest, the seismicity transitions to activity along the left‐lateral Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault zone. The spatial relationship between these two sets of fault zones is consistent with a model in which the Sichuan basin responds to the southeast extrusion of the Chuan‐Dian block at the southeast margin of the plateau by a counterclockwise bookshelf rotation of the crystalline basement. This deformation pattern initiated ∼4–2 Ma, as shown by the age of the Xiaojiang fault segment. The history of left‐lateral movement along the Xianshuihe‐Xiaojiang fault can be traced back to ∼12 Ma when the eastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau resulted in the shortening of both the Longmen Shan thrust belt and the sedimentary over the Sichuan basin.
What is the yield of EBUS-TBNA for re-evaluation of previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer?

Background/aAim Locoregional recurrence in lung cancer still remains an important problem. We aimed to indicate the effectiveness of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for reevaluation in previously treated nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods NSCLC patients who underwent EBUS for rebiopsy of suspicious recurrent or progressive lesions between January 2010 and June 2017 were reviewed. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the previous treatment modalities: Group 1 (G1) consisted of patients who had been treated with chemoradiotherapy, and Group 2 (G2) consisted of patients who had undergone radical surgery. Results Of 115 patients, 100 patients enrolled in the study. Of 26 patients with 35 lymph nodes in G1, malignant cells were identified in thirteen patients (50%). Anthracosis was detected in the remaining. Malignancy was detected in 28 patients (37.8%) in G2. Thirty-three patients were diagnosed as benign (24 anthracosis; 8 lymphocytes, and 1 granulomatous); 8 were not sampled, and inadequate material was obtained in five. The sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value, and overall diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA for rebiopsy in G1 were 84.8%, 100%, 89.1%, 100%, and 93.2%, respectively. These values were all perfect in G2. Conclusion EBUS-TBNA could be preferred as a feasible and efficient procedure for rebiopsy in previously treated NSCLC patients.
Developing Creative Potential: The Power of Process, People, and Place

Creativity is increasingly seen as a key human capability that can be deliberately developed. Correspondently, a proliferation of tools, techniques, and methods are available in the academic and popular literatures. Creative problem-solving (CPS) is one framework among these, and has a 70-year history of research and development. This essay overviews this history and the key stages of its continuous development, as well as the rationale for the changes and improvements that have been made. Foundational work established the Osborn–Parnes paradigm for CPS. Initial efforts were aimed at enhancing this approach. Then came work to stretch the Osborn–Parnes approach, and ultimately to break this paradigm. Understanding these major stages of development should better differentiate contemporary CPS approaches from the variety of earlier versions. Future research and development are also highlighted that will move our understanding, learning, and application forward.
Global, regional, and national time trends in disability-adjusted life years, mortality, and variable risk factors of non-rheumatic calcified aortic valve disease, 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis of the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study

Background Non-rheumatic heart valve disease (NRVD) is a common cardiovascular disease, whereas calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a type of disease with the fastest-growing mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). This study presents an overview of the trends noted in the DALY, CAVD mortality, and the modiﬁable risk factors in the last 30 years, across 204 countries and territories, and their relationship with the period, age, and birth cohort. Methods Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database. An age-period-cohort (APC) model was used to assess general annual percentage changes in DALYs and mortality over the past 30 years in 204 countries and territories. Results In 2019, the age-standardized mortality rate for the entire population in areas with a high socio-demographic index (SDI) was more than 4 times higher than that in low-SDI areas. From 1990 to 2019, the net drift in mortality for the whole population was from −2.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): −2.39% to −1.82%] per year in high-SDI regions to 0.05% (95% CI: −0.13% to 0.23%) per year in low- to medium-SDI regions. The trend of DALYs was similar to that of mortality. The age-wise distribution of deaths exhibited a shift toward older populations in high-SDI regions globally, except for Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Over time, in most medium, medium-low, and low SDI regions, there was no significant improvement in the period and birth cohort or even an unfavorable or worsening risk. The main variable risk factors of CAVD death and DALYs lost were high sodium diet, high systolic blood pressure, and lead exposure. Those risk factors only showed a significant downward trend in middle- and high-SDI regions. Conclusions Health disparities between regions for CAVD are widening and could lead to a heavy disease burden in the future. Health authorities and policymakers in low SDI areas, in particular, need to consider improving resource allocation, increasing access to medical resources, and controlling variable risk factors to stem the growth of the disease burden.
A Lagrangian view of longwave radiative fluxes for understanding the direct heating response to a CO2 increase

This study puts forward a Lagrangian view of downward and upward longwave (LW) fluxes to improve our physical understanding of the influence of key factors on the downward and upward LW fluxes' response to an increase of CO2. To facilitate such a Lagrangian view, we introduce a new saturation‐level concept based on the LW radiative transfer theory. The Lagrangian view and the new saturation‐level concept enable us to provide, under a single framework, a general radiative transfer explanation of the spatial variation (e.g., stratospheric cooling and lower tropospheric warming) of the direct radiative heating response to an increase of the CO2 concentration. Following the saturation‐level concept, the radiatively unsaturated nature of the downward LW flux in the upper stratosphere, due to the lack of a LW source at the top of the atmosphere, is attributed as the root factor that leads to a cooling of the upper stratosphere in direct response to a CO2 increase. The upward LW flux perturbation further enhances the cooling as a result of the negative lapse rate in the stratosphere but is of secondary importance. Furthermore, this study indicates that ozone is not a necessary ingredient for stratospheric cooling to occur, and the stratospheric cooling is therefore a fundamental consequence of a CO2 increase. The unperturbed vertical profile of water vapor is important only in the lower troposphere, where the relatively large concentration of water vapor leads to a downward LW flux perturbation that warms the lower troposphere at the expense of the surface warming.
Actually existing vitality rights: resisting neoliberal affects at a video game design camp

Purpose The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the power of affective pedagogies and playful literacies to resist neoliberal framings of video game play and design in educational contexts. Design/methodology/approach Focusing on the Giga-Games Camp, a video game design camp for adolescents, the authors mobilize different methodological impulses across a number of different registers, using interview data to trace institutional arcs, focal frames from a GoPro camera to see vitality in action and descriptions of platform events to follow these lines through the shift to online instruction brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings The authors narrate three transversal movements of the Giga-Games Camp to reveal how play-centered pedagogies can challenge the neoliberal tendency to assimilate young people’s video gaming practices as a vehicle for future-proof science, technology, engineering and mathematics learning. Originality/value The authors offer the concept of actually existing vitality rights to describe how attending seriously to vitality in learning spaces will often manifest organically in very real strategies to reimagine and restructure preexisting, neoliberally sedimented uses of space, institutional configurations and constellations of sociopolitical power.
Domestication of azuki bean and soybean in Japan: From the insight of archeological and molecular evidence

Domestication of azuki bean and soybean has enabled them to acquire non-dormant seeds, non-shattering pods, and larger seed size. Seed remains of the Jomon period recently discovered at archeological sites in the Central Highlands of Japan (6,000–4,000 BP) suggest that the use of azuki bean and soybean and their increase in seed size began earlier in Japan than in China and Korea; molecular phylogenetic studies indicate that azuki bean and soybean originated in Japan. Recent identification of domestication genes indicate that the domestication traits of azuki bean and soybean were established by different mechanisms. Analyses of domestication related genes using DNA extracted from the seed remains would reveal further details about their domestication processes.