Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High Performance Applications on Reconfigurable Clusters by Zahi Samir Nakad

Many problems faced in the engineering world are computationally intensive. Filtering using FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filters is an example to that. This thesis discusses the implementation of a fast, reconfigurable, and scalable FIR (Finite Impulse Response) digital filter. Constant coefficient multipliers and a Fast FIFO implementation are also discussed in connection with the FIR filter. This filter is used in two of its structures: the direct-form and the lattice structure. The thesis describes several configurations that can be created with the different components available and reports the testing results of these configurations.
Regulation of AMPK Activation by CD36 Links Fatty Acid Uptake to β-Oxidation

Increases in muscle energy needs activate AMPK and induce sarcolemmal recruitment of the fatty acid (FA) translocase CD36. The resulting rises in FA uptake and FA oxidation are tightly correlated, suggesting coordinated regulation. We explored the possibility that membrane CD36 signaling might influence AMPK activation. We show, using several cell types, including myocytes, that CD36 expression suppresses AMPK, keeping it quiescent, while it mediates AMPK activation by FA. These dual effects reflect the presence of CD36 in a protein complex with the AMPK kinase LKB1 (liver kinase B1) and the src kinase Fyn. This complex promotes Fyn phosphorylation of LKB1 and its nuclear sequestration, hindering LKB1 activation of AMPK. FA interaction with CD36 dissociates Fyn from the protein complex, allowing LKB1 to remain cytosolic and activate AMPK. Consistent with this, CD36−/− mice have constitutively active muscle and heart AMPK and enhanced FA oxidation of endogenous triglyceride stores. The molecular mechanism described, whereby CD36 suppresses AMPK, with FA binding to CD36 releasing this suppression, couples AMPK activation to FA availability and would be important for the maintenance of cellular FA homeostasis. Its dysfunction might contribute to the reported association of CD36 variants with metabolic complications of obesity in humans.
Functional Impairments Associated with AD/HD: Comparison by Subtypes.

ABSTRACT Numerous studies have provided empirical support for subtyping attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) along two primary dimensions: inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Efforts to further specify subtype differences in the functional impairments of children with ADHD are presented in this paper. It was predicted that differences regarding academic and social functioning would resemble those found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th ed. (DSM-IV) field trials. The present study tested 125 children (99 boys, 26 girls, ages 7 to 12), who met DSM-IV criteria for two subtypes of ADHD (ADHD Combined Hyperactivity and Impulsivity, and ADHD Predominantly Inattentive) and who had not received psychoactive medication for at least 3 months. Differences between children in the two subgroups were most apparent regarding disruptive and noncompliant behaviors. Mild group differences were found regarding functional impairments in social functioning, suggesting that children with hyperactivity and impulsivity, in addition to inattention, may be at greater risk for peer-interpersonal impairment in school settings. The lack of significant differences as regards academic functioning and internalizing symptoms suggest that children belonging to the ADHD Combined and the ADHD Impulsive subtypes may be more similar in this respect than previously thought. (RJM)
Lower Bounds on Approximation Errors: Testing the Hypothesis That a Numerical Solution Is Accurate

We propose a novel methodology for evaluating the accuracy of numerical solutions to dynamic economic models. Speci…cally, we construct a lower bound on the size of approximation errors. A small lower bound on errors is a necessary condition for accuracy: If a lower error bound is unacceptably large, then the actual approximation errors are even larger, and hence, we reject the hypothesis that a numerical solution is accurate. Our accuracy analysis is logically equivalent to hypothesis testing in statistics. As an illustration of our methodology, we assess approximation errors in the …rstand second-order perturbation solutions for two stylized models: a neoclassical growth model and a new Keynesian model. The errors are small for the former model but unacceptably large for the latter model under some empirically relevant parameterizations.
Performance Comparison of a WMN-SA System for Different Distributions of Mesh Clients

On of the key advantages of Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) is their importance for providing cost efficient broadband connectivity. There are issues for achieving the network connectivity and user coverage, which are related with the node placement problem. Considering the router node placement problem in WMNs, it is important to find the optimal distribution of router nodes in order to provide the best network connectivity and provide the best coverage in a set of uniformly distributed clients. In this work, we compare the performance of WMN-SA system for four different distribution of mesh clients. From simulation results, we found that, in our scenarios the best performance is achieved for Weibull Distribution. whereas, the worst performance is for Uniform Distribution.
Uncertain Graph Processing through Representative Instances

Data in several applications can be represented as an uncertain graph whose edges are labeled with a probability of existence. Exact query processing on uncertain graphs is prohibitive for most applications, as it involves evaluation over an exponential number of instantiations. Thus, typical approaches employ Monte-Carlo sampling, which (i) draws a number of possible graphs (samples), (ii) evaluates the query on each of them, and (iii) aggregates the individual answers to generate the final result. However, this approach can also be extremely time consuming for large uncertain graphs commonly found in practice. To facilitate efficiency, we study the problem of extracting a single representative instance from an uncertain graph. Conventional processing techniques can then be applied on this representative to closely approximate the result on the original graph. In order to maintain data utility, the representative instance should preserve structural characteristics of the uncertain graph. We start with representatives that capture the expected vertex degrees, as this is a fundamental property of the graph topology. We then generalize the notion of vertex degree to the concept of n-clique cardinality, that is, the number of cliques of size n that contain a vertex. For the first problem, we propose two methods: Average Degree Rewiring (ADR), which is based on random edge rewiring, and Approximate B-Matching (ABM), which applies graph matching techniques. For the second problem, we develop a greedy approach and a game-theoretic framework. We experimentally demonstrate, with real uncertain graphs, that indeed the representative instances can be used to answer, efficiently and accurately, queries based on several metrics such as shortest path distance, clustering coefficient, and betweenness centrality.
Munc13-1 Is Required for Presynaptic Long-Term Potentiation

Long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity involve modification of presynaptic strength in many brain regions. Although a presynaptic site for expression is well established, the detailed molecular mechanisms that lead to sustained changes in neurotransmitter release remain unclear. Here, we use acute in vivo genetic manipulation of synaptic proteins to investigate the molecular basis for presynaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. Munc13 proteins are active zone proteins that are essential for synaptic vesicle priming and neurotransmitter release. Munc13 proteins also interact with RIM1α, an active zone protein required for presynaptic long-term plasticity. By taking advantage of the observation that the RIM-binding domain of Munc13 is separable from the domain that is required for neurotransmitter release, we selectively tested whether Munc13-1 is an effector for RIM1α in presynaptic LTP. Our results provide the first evidence for the involvement of Munc13-1 in presynaptic long-term synaptic plasticity. We further demonstrate that the interaction between RIM1α and Munc13-1 is required for this plasticity. These results advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of presynaptic plasticity and suggest that modulation of vesicle priming may provide the cellular substrate for expression of LTP at mossy fiber synapses.
Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in the Metabolic Myopathy Accompanying Peripheral Artery Disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a serious but relatively underdiagnosed and undertreated clinical condition associated with a marked reduction in functional capacity and a heightened risk of morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiology of lower extremity PAD is complex, and extends beyond the atherosclerotic arterial occlusion and subsequent mismatch between oxygen demand and delivery to skeletal muscle mitochondria. In this review, we evaluate and summarize the available evidence implicating mitochondria in the metabolic myopathy that accompanies PAD. Following a short discussion of the available in vivo and in vitro methodologies to quantitate indices of muscle mitochondrial function, we review the current evidence implicating skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of PAD myopathy, while attempting to highlight questions that remain unanswered. Given the rising prevalence of PAD, the detriment in quality of life for patients, and the associated significant healthcare resource utilization, new alternate therapies that ameliorate lower limb symptoms and the functional impairment associated with PAD are needed. A clear understanding of the role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of PAD may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
A Mutant Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatase, CD148, Causes Defects in Vascular Development

ABSTRACT Vascularization defects in genetic recombinant mice have defined critical roles for a number of specific receptor tyrosine kinases. Here we evaluated whether an endothelium-expressed receptor tyrosine phosphatase, CD148 (DEP-1/PTPη), participates in developmental vascularization. A mutant allele, CD148ΔCyGFP, was constructed to eliminate CD148 phosphatase activity by in-frame replacement of cytoplasmic sequences with enhanced green fluorescent protein sequences. Homozygous mutant mice died at midgestation, before embryonic day 11.5 (E11.5), with vascularization failure marked by growth retardation and disorganized vascular structures. Structural abnormalities were observed as early as E8.25 in the yolk sac, prior to the appearance of intraembryonic defects. Homozygous mutant mice displayed enlarged vessels comprised of endothelial cells expressing markers of early differentiation, including VEGFR2 (Flk1), Tal1/SCL, CD31, ephrin-B2, and Tie2, with notable lack of endoglin expression. Increased endothelial cell numbers and mitotic activity indices were demonstrated. At E9.5, homozygous mutant embryos showed homogeneously enlarged primitive vessels defective in vascular remodeling and branching, with impaired pericyte investment adjacent to endothelial structures, in similarity to endoglin-deficient embryos. Developing cardiac tissues showed expanded endocardial projections accompanied by defective endocardial cushion formation. These findings implicate a member of the receptor tyrosine phosphatase family, CD148, in developmental vascular organization and provide evidence that it regulates endothelial proliferation and endothelium-pericyte interactions.
EnvDASH: An Environment-Aware Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP System

The recent advances in adaptive video streaming technologies including Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) are capable to adjust video streams to rapidly changing network conditions. Our system, EnvDASH, differs from those standard implementations as it extends DASH with mechanisms that allow sensing the environmental conditions of a device. EnvDASH leverages that users in mobile situations are often distracted from watching a video or that viewing conditions are severely degraded by adapting the video to reduce the generated network traffic. The system senses if the user is interested in watching a video, if the displaying device is held stable and if the ambient noise level allows listening to an audio track of a video. This is especially helpful as mobile devices usually use capped data volume contracts for the network access.
Review of rehabilitation and habilitation strategies for children and young people with homonymous visual field loss caused by cerebral vision impairment

Partial and homonymous visual field loss (HVFL) is a common consequence of post-chiasmatic injury to the primary visual pathway or injury to the primary visual cortex. Different approaches to rehabilitation have been reported for older adults with HVFL and there is evidence to support the use of compensatory training over other proposed therapies. We reviewed the literature to investigate the current state of the art of rehabilitation and habilitation strategies for children and young people with HVFL, and whether there is enough evidence to support the use of these strategies in the paediatric population. We have provided an overview of the existing literature on children and young people with HVFL, a brief overview of rehabilitation strategies for adults with HVFL, and evidence on whether these different interventions have been applied with children and young people effectively. We found that there have been very few studies to investigate these strategies with children and young people, and the quality of evidence is currently low. New research is required to evaluate which strategies are effective for children and young people with HVFL and whether new strategies need to be developed.
Mig and IP‐10: CXC chemokines that target lymphocytes

Mig and IP‐10 are related members of the CXC subfamily of the chemokine family of cytokines. The murine Mig (MuMig), human IP‐10, and the mouse homologue of IP‐10, Crg‐2, were all identified due to the dramatic inductions of their genes in monocytic cells treated with interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ). Studies using recombinant (r) human proteins show that, unlike most other CXC chemokines, rHuMig and rIP‐10 have no activity on neutrophils but appear to target lymphocytes specifically. rHuMig and rIP‐10 are active as chemotactic factors for stimulated, but not for resting, T cells. Studies done in vitro and in vivo have shown that rHuMig and rIP‐10 share additional activities, including inhibition of neovascularization, inhibition of hematopoietic progenitor cells, and anti‐tumor effects. rHuMig and rIP‐10 show reciprocal desensitization on activated T cells and have been demonstrated to share a receptor, CXCR3. The genes for both MuMig and Crg‐2 are highly expressed in multiple tissues during experimental viral and protozoan infections in mice, but their patterns of expression differ. This suggests that the Migs and IP‐10/Crg‐2 may play roles in host defense and that, despite their similar activities assayed in vitro, Mig and IP‐10/Crg‐2 may serve non‐redundant functions in vivo. J. Leukoc. Biol. 61:246–257; 1997.
Cells Immune Surveillance of Unhealthy Cells by Natural Killer

service Email alerting click here the box at the top right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article-sign up in publication. online articles must include the digital object identifier (DOI) and date of initial Advance online articles have not yet appeared in the print volume. Citations to Advance
Information Visualization Heuristics in Practical Expert Evaluation

While traditional HCI heuristics can be used to find usability issues also from information visualization systems, specialized heuristics tailored for the information visualization (InfoViz) domain can be more effective and focus on the special characteristics of these systems. In this study, we describe the application of ten information visualization heuristics from prior research and their testing in practical heuristic evaluation. We found that the selected heuristics were useful with good coverage in our application case. However, based on our observations, we argue that interaction, veracity, and aesthetics related heuristics should be added to the previously used set. The lack of domain knowledge made the evaluators somewhat uneasy with their capability to carry out the investigation in-depth. We suggest to train domain experts with understanding of the data and application domain to carry out the evaluation to get insightful feedback beyond usability issues.
Novel error interpretation in case of linear parameter varying systems

The purpose of this paper is to introduce novel error definitions in the case of Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) systems, which can be used as quality criteria in LPV related modeling and control. The current approach relies on the convexity of the LPV polytopic system by defining the difference in the abstract parameter space. The theoretical approach is demonstrated on a well-known glucose-insulin model used in intensive care.
Neutrophil and Monocyte CD64 and CD163 Expression in Critically Ill Neonates and Children with Sepsis: Comparison of Fluorescence Intensities and Calculated Indexes

Objective. To evaluate the expression of CD64 and CD163 on neutrophils and monocytes in SIRS with/without sepsis and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of CD64 and CD163 molecules expression determined as (1) mean fluorescence intensities (MFI) of CD64 and CD163; and (2) the ratio (index) of linearized MFI to the fluorescence signal of standardized beads. Patients and methods. Fifty-six critically ill neonates and children with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and suspected sepsis, classified into two groups: SIRS with sepsis (n = 29) and SIRS without sepsis (n = 27). Results. CD64 and CD163 MFI measured on neutrophils and monocytes were elevated in patients with SIRS with sepsis. Diagnostic accuracy of indexes was equal to diagnostic accuracy of MFI for CD64 on neutrophils (0.833 versus 0.854 for day 0 and 0.975 versus 0.983 for day 1) and monocytes (0.811 versus 0.865 for day 0 and 0.825 versus 0.858 for day 1), and CD163 on neutrophils (0.595 versus 0.655 for day 0 and 0.677 versus 0.750 for day 1), but not for CD163 on monocytes. Conclusion. CD64 MFI, CD163 MFI, CD64 indexes for neutrophils and monocytes, and CD163 index for neutrophils can all be used for discrimination of SIRS and sepsis in critically ill neonates and children. CD64 index for neutrophils, however, is superior to all other markers.
Targeted disruption of the Dictyostelium RMLC gene produces cells defective in cytokinesis and development

Conventional myosin has two different light chains bound to the neck region of the molecule. It has been suggested that the light chains contribute to myosin function by providing structural support to the neck region, therefore amplifying the conformational changes in the head following ATP hydrolysis (Rayment et al., 1993). The regulatory light chain is also believed to be important in regulating the actin- activated ATPase and myosin motor function as assayed by an in vitro motility assay (Griffith et al., 1987). Despite extensive in vitro biochemical study, little is known regarding RMLC function and its regulatory role in vivo. To better understand the importance and contribution of RMLC in vivo, we engineered Dictyostelium cell lines with a disrupted RMLC gene. Homologous recombination between the introduced gene disruption vector and the chromosomal RMLC locus (mlcR) resulted in disruption of the RMLC-coding region, leading to cells devoid of both the RMLC transcript and the 18-kD RMLC polypeptide. RMLC- deficient cells failed to divide in suspension, becoming large and multinucleate, and could not complete development following starvation. These results, similar to those from myosin heavy chain mutants (DeLozanne et al., 1987; Manstein et al., 1989), suggest the RMLC subunit is required for normal cytokinesis and cell motility. In contrast to the myosin heavy chain mutants, however, the mlcR cells are able to cap cell surface receptors following concanavilin A treatment. By immunofluorescence microscopy, RMLC null cells exhibited myosin localization patterns different from that of wild-type cells. The myosin localization in RMLC null cells also varied depending upon whether the cells were cultured in suspension or on a solid substrate. In vitro, purified RMLC- myosin assembled to form thick filaments comparable to wild-type myosin, but the filaments then exhibit abnormal disassembly properties. These results indicate that in vivo RMLC is necessary for myosin function.
Universal arrows to forgetful functors from categories of topological algebra

We survey the present trends in theory of universal arrows to forgetful functors from various categories of topological algebra and functional analysis to categories of topology and topological algebra. Among them are free topological groups, free locally convex spaces, free Banach-Lie algebras, and more. An accent is put on the relationship of those constructions with other areas of mathematics and their possible applications. A number of open problems is discussed; some of them belong to universal arrow theory, and other may become amenable to the methods of this theory.
Evaluating User Preferences in Machine Translation Using Conjoint Analysis

In spite of much ongoing research on machine translation evaluation there is little quantitative work that directly measures users’ intuitive or emotional preferences regarding different types of machine translation errors. However, the elicitation and modeling of user preferences is an important prerequisite for future research on user adaptation and customization of machine translation engines. In this paper we explore the use of conjoint analysis as a formal quantitative framework to gain insight into users’ relative preferences for different translation error types. Using English-Spanish as the translation direction we conduct a crowd-sourced conjoint analysis study and obtain utility values for individual error types. Our results indicate that word order errors are clearly the most dispreferred error type, followed by word sense, morphological, and function word errors.
Bounds for the expected value of one-step processes

Mean-field models are often used to approximate Markov processes with large state-spaces. One-step processes, also known as birth-death processes, are an important class of such processes and are processes with state space $\{0,1,\ldots,N\}$ and where each transition is of size one. We derive explicit bounds on the expected value of such a process, bracketing it between the mean-field model and another simple ODE. Our bounds require that the Markov transition rates are density dependent polynomials that satisfy a sign condition. We illustrate the tightness of our bounds on the SIS epidemic process and the voter model.
Reasoning in the SHOQ(D n ) Description Logic.

Description Logics (DLs) are of crucial importance to the development of the Semantic Web, where their role is to provide formal underpinnings and automated reasoning services for Semantic Web ontology languages such as DAML+OIL. In this paper 1 we show how the description logic SHOQ(D), which has been designed to provide such services, can be extended with n-ary datatype predicates as well as datatype number restrictions, to give SHOQ(Dn), and we present an algorithm for deciding the satisabilit y of SHOQ(Dn) concepts, along with a proof of its soundness and completeness. The work is motivated by the requirement for n-ary datatype predicates in relation to \real world" properties such as size, weight and duration, in the Semantic Web applications.