Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What makes children behave aggressively? The inner logic of Dutch children in special education

The ambiguous results of existing intervention programmes show the need for new ways in research on aggression among children. The present study focuses on the children’s own perspective on their aggressive behaviour. Based on a constructivist approach, the inner logic of narratives about peer conflicts of 64 children in Dutch special education was analysed. Contrary to the much used dichotomy of reactive and proactive aggression, we found a more differentiated picture. Children use aggression: to get understanding for their situation; to escape from the conflict situation; because of inner conflicts; to get revenge; and for the fun of bullying. The study makes clear that, from the perspective of the children, aggressive behaviour is closely related to the peer culture at school. Moreover, some children need individual treatment and support, because of specific concerns related to self‐regulation that make them behave aggressively.
Stochastic Models of Lymphocyte Proliferation and Death

Quantitative understanding of the kinetics of lymphocyte proliferation and death upon activation with an antigen is crucial for elucidating factors determining the magnitude, duration and efficiency of the immune response. Recent advances in quantitative experimental techniques, in particular intracellular labeling and multi-channel flow cytometry, allow one to measure the population structure of proliferating and dying lymphocytes for several generations with high precision. These new experimental techniques require novel quantitative methods of analysis. We review several recent mathematical approaches used to describe and analyze cell proliferation data. Using a rigorous mathematical framework, we show that two commonly used models that are based on the theories of age-structured cell populations and of branching processes, are mathematically identical. We provide several simple analytical solutions for a model in which the distribution of inter-division times follows a gamma distribution and show that this model can fit both simulated and experimental data. We also show that the estimates of some critical kinetic parameters, such as the average inter-division time, obtained by fitting models to data may depend on the assumed distribution of inter-division times, highlighting the challenges in quantitative understanding of cell kinetics.
Selective automation and skill transfer in medical robotics: a demonstration on surgical knot‐tying

Transferring non‐trivial human manipulation skills to robot systems is a challenging task. There have been a number of attempts to design research systems for skill transfer, but the level of the complexity of the actual skills transferable to the robot was rather limited, and delicate operations requiring a high dexterity and long action sequences with many sub‐operations were impossible to transfer.
Product Differentiation in Local TV News

b Local television newscasts contribute daily to the total information pool of a community. They do so by presenting both common and diverse news items to local viewers within a given broadcast market. Previous research on local television news has focused heavily on “similarity” or “commonality” of news values and news treatment. This perspective has been used to help explain and predict electronic news judgment. ’ Few studies have analyzed news judgment on the basis of the “unique” or non-duplicated stories aired by competing stations within a broadcast market. By establishing the table of assignments described in the Sixth Annual Report and Order, the FCC determined that a system of broadcast outlets based on local service was preferable to a system of powerful regional stations providing broad public access. * The “localism” doctrine adopted by the Commission is based on the assumption that the larger the number of stations serving a community, the greater the probability that citizens will be exposed to a broad diversity of information, issues and viewpoints.
Variations in cartilage catabolism in different equine joints in response to interleukin-1 in vitro

An explant system was used to investigate the hypothesis that cartilage from different equine joints might respond differently to challenge with interleukin-1 α (L-1 α). Pairs of normal cartilage samples were taken from the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of six horses. One of each pair was stimulated with 10 ng/ml human recombinant IL-1 α for three days, and the supernatants and remaining cartilage explants were analysed for their total content of glycosaminoglycans. A significantly higher percentage of glycosaminoglycans was released from the cartilage of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints than from the metacarpophalangeal joint.
A Review of Three-Dimensional Imaging Technologies for Pavement Distress Detection and Measurements

With the ever-increasing emphasis on maintaining road assets to a high standard, the need for fast accurate inspection for road distresses is becoming extremely important. Surface distresses on roads are essentially three dimensional (3-D) in nature. Automated visual surveys are the best option available. However, the imaging conditions, in terms of lighting, etc., are very random. For example, the challenge of measuring the volume of the pothole requires a large field of view with a reasonable spatial resolution, whereas microtexture evaluation requires very accurate imaging. Within the two extremes, there is a range of situations that require 3-D imaging. Three-dimensional imaging consists of a number of techniques such as interferometry and depth from focus. Out of these, laser imagers are mainly used for road surface distress inspection. Many other techniques are relatively unknown among the transportation community, and industrial products are rare. The main impetus for this paper is derived from the rarity of 3-D industrial imagers that employ alternative techniques for use in transportation. In addition, the need for this work is also highlighted by a lack of literature that evaluates the relative merits/demerits of various imaging methods for different distress measurement situations in relation to pavements. This overview will create awareness of available 3-D imaging methods in order to help make a fast initial technology selection and deployment. The review is expected to be helpful for researchers, practicing engineers, and decision makers in transportation engineering.
Skeletal Muscle Function during Exercise—Fine-Tuning of Diverse Subsystems by Nitric Oxide

Skeletal muscle is responsible for altered acute and chronic workload as induced by exercise. Skeletal muscle adaptations range from immediate change of contractility to structural adaptation to adjust the demanded performance capacities. These processes are regulated by mechanically and metabolically induced signaling pathways, which are more or less involved in all of these regulations. Nitric oxide is one of the central signaling molecules involved in functional and structural adaption in different cell types. It is mainly produced by nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and by non-enzymatic pathways also in skeletal muscle. The relevance of a NOS-dependent NO signaling in skeletal muscle is underlined by the differential subcellular expression of NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3, and the alteration of NO production provoked by changes of workload. In skeletal muscle, a variety of highly relevant tasks to maintain skeletal muscle integrity and proper signaling mechanisms during adaptation processes towards mechanical and metabolic stimulations are taken over by NO signaling. The NO signaling can be mediated by cGMP-dependent and -independent signaling, such as S-nitrosylation-dependent modulation of effector molecules involved in contractile and metabolic adaptation to exercise. In this review, we describe the most recent findings of NO signaling in skeletal muscle with a special emphasis on exercise conditions. However, to gain a more detailed understanding of the complex role of NO signaling for functional adaptation of skeletal muscle (during exercise), additional sophisticated studies are needed to provide deeper insights into NO-mediated signaling and the role of non-enzymatic-derived NO in skeletal muscle physiology.
A Collective Fear of the Collective: Implications for Selves and Theories of Selves

Drawing on recent analyses of the self in many cultures, the authors suggest that the cultural ideal of independence of the self from the collective has dominated European-American social psychological theorizing. As a consequence, the existence of considerable interdependence between the self and the collective has been relatively neglected in current conceptual analysis. The authors (a) argue that a group's cultural ideal of the relation between the self and the collective is pervasive because it is rooted in institutions, practices, and scripts, not just in ideas and values; (b) show how a given cultural ideal whether it is independence or interdependence, can shape the individual's experience and expression of the self; and (c) discuss how a comparative approach may enrich and expand current theory and research on the interdependence between the self and the collective.
The roller-coaster of experiences: becoming the parent of a deaf child

When early testing indicates a hearing loss, parents find themselves on a roller-coaster of experiences leaving little time or space for reflection. This study is based on interviews with families in the Flemish region of Belgium, one of the earliest in the world to introduce universal neonatal screening for hearing loss. Starting from a phenomenological approach, we explore parents’ accounts of their experiences in order to uncover the meanings of early parenting of a child identified with a label. Soon after birth, these parents encounter a different world in which intertwined discourses construct parenthood with a deaf child. During the process of becoming a parent, representations of deafness as impairment were omnipresent. In contrast to a medical and technological perspective that insists on the need to intervene as fast as possible, it is argued that the private and social implications of rapid intervention require explicit consideration.
Cellular Bioavailability of Natural Hormones and Environmental Contaminants as a Function of Serum and Cytosolic Binding Factors

Environmental contaminants have been reported to function as hormone mimics in various wildlife species. To investigate a potential mechanism for the interaction of contaminants with the endocrine system, we evaluated the cellular bioavailability of numerous chemicals. Hormone binding proteins from oviductal cytosol of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and yellow-bellied turtle (Trachemys scripta) were used in competitive binding assays with [3H] 17β-estradiol. Most of the environmental contaminants, and the potent, synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES), did not interact with the cytosolic binding proteins. Among the compounds tested, o,p'-DDT and toxaphene exhibited the greatest affinity for the binding proteins. The functional consequence of the apparent lack of interaction of most contaminants with binding proteins was studied in a strain of yeast containing the human estrogen receptor (YES assay). The activation of YES with estradiol was reduced 30% in the presence of a physiological concentration (0.01 mg/mL) of human sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), a hormone binding protein found in the blood. In contrast, the activity of DES was not inhibited by 0.01 mg/mL SHBG. Interestingly, ethinyl estradiol, a major component of contraceptives, did not appear to appreciably interact with SHBG in the YES system. Together, these data suggest that cytosolic and circulating binding proteins bind many environmental contaminants with much less affinity than native steroids. Therefore, such contaminants may be more hormonally active than previously hypothesized.
Pachymeningitis in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature

Central nervous involvement, mainly with symptoms of cranial neuropathies, occurs in 2–8% of patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Meningeal involvement, with persistent and severe headache as main manifestation and abnormal thickening and enhancement of the dural mater on postcontrast magnetic resonance imaging, is extremely rare. We present a case of pachymeningitis due to limited GPA, providing simultaneously a literature review.
Marketing the Community College Starts With Understanding Students' Perspectives

For many years, community colleges have enjoyed a seller's market. The baby boomers of the late 1940s through the early 1960s provided a large population from which to draw. The shrinking supply of traditional, first-year college students, coupled with increased competition has resulted in a buyer's market in the 1990s (Lovelock, 1989). As competition has increased, so has the application of marketing in the field of higher education (Kotler, 1994, 1991, 1985). Educational marketers must attempt to answer a fundamental question: Why do students select a particular community college from the enormous number of alternatives? For example, students with limited financial resources may choose a community college because its close proximity allows them to continue living at home and avoid paying rent. The type of programs offered, tuition, and financial aid may all affect the student's choice of schools. Sometimes, it is simply a matter of convenience. Attending the local community college means the student may avoid other life changes such as moving, acquiring a new job, and making new friends. This educational question parallels a common marketing question in business: How do consumers select a particular product or service? The role of attracting consumers to a product and having those consumers make a purchase is the most important function of marketing. Community colleges often accomplish this function without recognizing it as a marketing application (Pate, 1993).
Intergenerational Solidarity and the Structure of Adult Child‐Parent Relationships in American Families

The authors investigate the structure of intergenerational cohesion by examining social‐psychological, structural, and transactional aspects of adult child‐parent relations. The authors use latent class analysis to develop a typology based on three underlying dimensions of intergenerational solidarity: affinity, opportunity structure, and function. The same five types are found for relations with both mothers and fathers: tight‐knit, sociable, intimate but distant, obligatory, and detached. Relationship types are also differentiated by sociodemographic characteristics; relations with fathers and divorced parents tended to have the weakest cohesion. The authors conclude that adult intergenerational relationships in American families are structurally diverse but generally possess the potential to serve their members' needs.
Isotropic 3D silicon hall sensor

This paper reports the first three-dimensional (3D) Hall sensor with isotropic sensitivity for the three spatial components of the magnetic field. The silicon device has the shape of a hexagonal prism with symmetric sets of three contacts on its top and bottom surfaces. Sending currents obliquely across the device allows one to operate it as three mutually crossing, identical, and effectively orthogonal Hall sensors. The sensitivity vectors of these Hall sensors are easily converted into sensitivities in the Cartesian coordinate system xyz. We demonstrate a design achieving sensitivities of Sx = 33.0 mV/VT, Sy = 33.9 mV/VT and Sz = 33.3 mV/VT.
Evaluating the impact of collaborative action research on teachers: a quantitative approach

The authors extend findings from qualitative research on the effects of action research by reporting two linked quantitative studies (N = 80 and 105). They found that teachers who participated in collaborative action research experienced statistically significant improvements in attitudes to educational research and teacher efficacy. The pre–post changes were robust across conditions of teacher gender, career stage, and qualifications. Teachers benefited more if they (i) recognized the importance of the data analysis and process reflection stages of action research; (ii) participated in action research that was rigorous and/or led to changes in their conceptual understanding; (iii) worked in schools that fostered professional learning; and (iv) had participated in research activities prior to these action research studies.
Does the Emperor Have the Right (or Any) Clothes? The Public Regulation of Higher Education Qualities over the Last Two Decades

ABSTRACT This article suggests that the public higher education ‘quality assurance’ systems which have been erected over the last 20 years or so rest on flimsy public policy and intellectual foundations. It asks if input/output relationships in higher education can be identified to the extent implied by current models of public higher education ‘quality assurance’. The article proposes a moratorium on any further development and extension of public higher education ‘quality assurance’ systems until several fundamental issues have been satisfactorily addressed. It calls for a new higher education performance evaluation paradigm in which the standards achieved by new graduates in areas such as logical thinking are the prime candidates for independent validation.
Economic Restructuring and the American City

Transformations in the composition and locational patterns of the economy have assumed specific forms in cities and in the urban hierarchy. The new service-dominated urbanization, particularly evident in major cities, has distinct consequences for a range of social conditions. Here we focus especially on the characteristics of today's leading industries, the producer services, disproportionately concentrated in major cities; the impact of restructuring on the earnings distribution generally and in major cities in particular; and the impact of urban restructuring on minorities, a population increasingly concentrated in large cities.
Neuro-fuzzy-discrete sliding mode control of a tree-link SCARA robot

The objective of this study is to develop free model sliding mode controllers (SMC) in discrete-time domain for robot manipulators. First, an appropriate discrete sliding mode controller (DSMC) with stability proof is designed. A neuro-fuzzy discrete sliding mode (NFDSMC) is developed to remove the drawbacks of DSMC. In the NFDSMC, a two-layer neural network used to approximate the equivalent control law. In order to evaluate the switching law, a fuzzy system is used. Neural network weights are updated adaptively with back-propagation (BP) algorithm using the sliding manifold. Simulation results illustrate performances of these controllers in the control of the three link SCARA robot. Moreover, the sampling time effects on the sliding surface convergence are discussed.
Still feeling like a spare piece of luggage? Embodied experiences of (dis)ability in physical education and school sport

This paper addresses an increasing concern within physical education and sports research to engage with young people to find out more about their experiences of physical education and school sport. In particular, I centre my concerns on the experiences of five young disabled pupils. I use the conceptual tools offered by Bourdieu to extend understandings of disability beyond those typically associated with medical and social model perceptives and in so doing explore the notion of the embodied identities of the disabled pupils in this study. In this paper, I also develop Evans' (2004) recent discussion focusing on ‘ability’ and particularly his concern for ability to be conceptualised as a sociocultural and dynamic entity. The data generated reveals that a paradigm of normativity prevails in physical education. It would seem the physical education habitus serves to affirm a normative presence in physical education and school sport and is manifest through conceptions of ability that recognise and value a mesomorphic ideal, masculinity and high levels of motoric competence. I conclude by suggesting that articulations of ability need to be recast and understood in ways that extend beyond narrowly defined measures of performance and normative conceptions of what is it to have a sporting body.
Multi-class LSTSVM classifier based on optimal directed acyclic graph

Recently, LSTSVM as a new binary SVM classifier based on nonparallel twin hyperplanes has shown a good classification performance, but the research on multi-class classification has still rarely been reported. In this paper, a multi-class LSTSVM classifier based on optimal directed acyclic graph is proposed. The idea of kernel parameter choice is used to realize the class separability criterion, an average distance measure and a non-repetitive sequence number rearrangement method are offered in order to reduce the cumulative errors caused by DAG structure. The experimental results on UCI datasets show that the proposed ODAG-LSTSVM algorithm has better classification accuracy and considerably lesser computational time.
Aversive Racism in Spain—Testing the Theory

This study applies the aversive racism framework to Spain and tests whether aversive racism depends on intergroup contact. Relying on a 3 (qualifications) by 3 (ethnicity) experiment, this study finds that aversive racism is especially pronounced against the Mexican job applicant, and emerges among those who held overtly positive attitudes toward immigrants. Friendships with Latinos predicted decreased overt prejudice yet exacerbated aversive racism. Exposure to immigrants in one’s neighborhood, in turn, predicted overt prejudice but was unrelated to aversive racism. These results suggest that (i) aversive racism emerges in Spain and against some immigrants, (ii) overt attitudes do not reliably reflect subtle biases, and (iii) among this sample, intergroup contact does not improve deep prejudices and is limited to affecting overt prejudice against out-groups only.
Democracy and Disagreement

According to Popper's critical rationalism, the possibility of disagreement is at the heart of open societies. If this is assumed to be true, is it not illiberal to try to justify principles of justice, which can be regarded as the subject of an unending collective deliberation? I suggest that it is not, using an analogy with scientific progress. Moreover, I try to show that Rawls's achievement is misunderstood if one forgets that it is supposed to overcome the antinomy between “la liberte des Modemes” and “la liberte des Anciens. ” In this respect, I insist on some unnoticed similarities between Rawls's and Popper's points of views. I conclude on the idea of the “neutrality” of the theory of justice, suggesting a link between Rawls's approach and the French republican tradition.
A Tiny Coprocessor for Elliptic Curve Cryptography over the 256-bit NIST Prime Field

Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) over prime fields offers a wide range of portability since the underlying arithmetic operations that are performed over integers can be supported by general purpose computing devices. This portability helps in designing various ECC based public key protocols. However implementation of a fast enough ECC in tiny electronic devices such as RFID tags, sensor nodes, smart cards etc., is a very challenging design problem since such devices are very limited in terms of resources. In this paper we design the first lightweight ECC architecture over the NIST recommended 256-bit prime field, corresponding to a medium security level of 128-bits. The ECC architecture works as a coprocessor of a 16-bit microcontroller in a memory-mapped configuration. The architecture uses an area of only 5,933 GE on a 130 nm CMOS technology, and needs roughly 6 million clock cycles to calculate a scalar multiplication.