Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A deterministic version of Pollard's p-1 algorithm

In this article we present applications of smooth numbers to the unconditional derandomization of some well-known integer factoring algorithms. We begin with Pollard's $p-1$ algorithm, which finds in random polynomial time the prime divisors $p$ of an integer $n$ such that $p-1$ is smooth. We show that these prime factors can be recovered in deterministic polynomial time. We further generalize this result to give a partial derandomization of the $k$-th cyclotomic method of factoring ($k\ge 2$) devised by Bach and Shallit. We also investigate reductions of factoring to computing Euler's totient function $\phi$. We point out some explicit sets of integers $n$ that are completely factorable in deterministic polynomial time given $\phi(n)$. These sets consist, roughly speaking, of products of primes $p$ satisfying, with the exception of at most two, certain conditions somewhat weaker than the smoothness of $p-1$. Finally, we prove that $O(\ln n)$ oracle queries for values of $\phi$ are sufficient to completely factor any integer $n$ in less than $\exp\Bigl((1+o(1))(\ln n)^{{1/3}} (\ln\ln n)^{{2/3}}\Bigr)$ deterministic time.
A Review of Antibacterial Nanomaterial Modifications for Dental Implants

Purpose : Nanomaterials have a plethora of applications in the field of dental sciences. Due to their peculiar properties and distinguishing characteristics, nanomaterials are used as candidates for coating titanium, acrylic, and PLA/PCL-based dental implants. This article reviews various nanomaterials that can impart antibacterial properties and be used as implant coating materials. Methods : Research articles published between 1992 and 2021, based on nanomaterial coatings for dental applications, were retrieved from Google Scholar and were thoroughly studied. Results: The research articles reviewed indicated that a substantial amount of progress had been made in the area of antibacterial resistance of nanomaterial-based coatings for dental implants. This work’s main contribution lies in a comprehensive review of the various nanostructures that inhibit the nurturing of bacterial biofilms on implants, thus diminishing the probability of any infection. Significance: Given the reported results, additional clinical research and investigation on nanostructure-coated implants aids in efficient implementation.
Modified N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone compounds abrogate Las-dependent quorum-sensing response in human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Quorum sensing (QS) is a mode of cell–cell communication that bacteria use to sense population density and orchestrate collective behaviors. The common opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa employs QS to regulate a large set of genes involved in virulence and host–pathogen interactions. The Las circuit positioned on the top of the QS hierarchy in P. aeruginosa makes use of N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHLs) as signal molecules, like N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (3O-C12-HSL). Disabling QS circuits by certain small-molecule compounds, known as quorum-sensing inhibitors (QSIs), has been proposed as a strategy to attenuate bacterial pathogenicity. In this study, four new AHL analogs were designed by incorporating a tert-butoxycarbonyl Boc group in amide and β-keto (3-oxo) moiety. Compounds were evaluated on a molecular and phenotypic basis as a QSI using the screening strategy linked to the assignment of the Las QS system in P. aeruginosa. Using a LasR-based bioreporter, we found that the compounds decreased LasR-controlled light activity and competed efficiently with natural 3O-C12-HSL. The compounds reduced the production of the cognate 3O-C12-HSL and certain virulence traits, like total protease activity, elastase activity, pyocyanin production, and extracellular DNA release. Furthermore, a quantitative proteomic approach was used to study the effect of the compounds on QS-regulated extracellular proteins. Among the four compounds tested, one of them showed the most significant difference in the appearance of the 3O-C12-HSL-responsive reference proteins related to QS communication and virulence, i.e., a distinct activity as a QSI. Moreover, by combining experimental data with computational chemistry, we addressed the effect of LasR protein flexibility on docking precision and assessed the advantage of using a multi-conformational docking procedure for binding mode prediction of LasR modulators. Thus, the four new AHL compounds were tested for their interaction with the AHL-binding site in LasR to identify the key interferences with the activity of LasR. Our study provides further insight into molecular features that are required for small-molecule modulation of LasR-dependent QS communication in P. aeruginosa. This should facilitate rational design of the next generation of antivirulence tools to study and manipulate QS-controlled fitness in bacteria and, thereby, handle bacterial infections in a new way.
Computer science unplugged: school students doing real computing without computers

The Computer Science Unplugged project provides ways to expose students to ideas from Computer Science without having to use computers. This has a number of applications, including outreach, school curriculum support, and clubs. The “Unplugged” project, based at Canterbury University, uses activities, games, magic tricks and competitions to show children the kind of thinking that is expected of a computer scientist. All of the activities are available free of charge at csunplugged.org. The project has recently enjoyed widespread adoption internationally, and substantial industry support. It is recommended in the ACM K-12 curriculum, and has been translated into 12 languages. As well as simply providing teaching resources, there is a very active program developing and evaluating new formats and activities. This includes adaptations of the kinaesthetic activities in virtual worlds; integration with other outreach tools such as the Alice language, adaptation for use by students in large classrooms, and videos to help teachers and presenters understand how to use the material. This paper will explore why this approach has become popular, and describe developments and adaptations that are being used for outreach and teaching around New Zealand, as well as internationally.
Sample Reduction Algorithm Based on Classification Contribution

—The KNN algorithm takes exponentially growth of time to process dataset containing a large number of samples and has low classification performance. To address this problem, this paper proposes a sample reduction method based on classification contribution ranking (SRCCR). First, SRCCR performs a denoising process to expand the smoothing decision boundary by removing the noise sample in the initial training dataset; next, the denoised samples are sorted in ascending order according to the classification contribution strategy; finally, representative boundary samples and center samples are selected based on the local set to form the final subset. SRCCR reduces storage requirement and execution time, and significantly improves the classification performance of the KNN algorithm. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conduct comparative experiments on 31 real datasets from the UCI and KEEL databases. Compared with several classical instance selection algorithms, the proposed SRCCR algorithm has advantages in terms of accuracy and reduction rate. The results of the study on the two-dimensional dataset ”Banana” show that the SRCCR algorithm not only selects more representative boundary and center samples, but preserves the distribution of the original dataset.
Investigating the complex relationships between nurses’ work factors, Sharia-based nursing care, and patient satisfaction in an Islamic hospital: A PLS-SEM approach

Background Healthcare services in Islamic hospitals are becoming increasingly important due to the growing global Muslim population and the demand for spiritually sensitive healthcare. Understanding the factors contributing to patient satisfaction in this context is paramount. Objective This research aimed to investigate the relationships between nurses’ work factors, Sharia-based nursing care, and patient satisfaction in an Islamic hospital in Indonesia. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional design involving 260 respondents, comprising 130 patients and 130 nurses in inpatient rooms. Data collection took place in August 2022 at an Islamic Hospital in Indonesia using validated questionnaires. SmartPLS 3.2. 8 was used to generate Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess and analyze relationships between research variables. Results Nurses’ work factors had a significant impact on Sharia-based nursing care (β = 0.813, t = 18.582, p <0.001). Furthermore, Sharia-based nursing care had a significant influence on patient satisfaction (β = 0.509, t = 3.941, p <0.001), while nurses’ work factors had a moderately significant effect on patient satisfaction (β = 0.396, t = 3.079, p = 0.002). The interaction between work factors and Sharia-based nursing care had an influence on patient satisfaction (β = 0.366, t = 3.666, p <0.001), explaining 74.4% of the variance observed in patient satisfaction. Conclusion: This study offers valuable insights into the significance of improving nurses’ work factors, including elements such as performance, feedback, correction, and job design, along with the integration of Sharia-based principles in nursing care. The study suggests that nursing administrators, healthcare policymakers, and academic institutions should prioritize the creation of supportive work environments and culturally sensitive care practices for nurses to enhance patient satisfaction.
GraphDTA: Predicting drug–target binding aﬃnity with graph neural networks

The development of new drugs is costly, time consuming, and often accompanied with safety issues. Drug repurposing can avoid the expensive and lengthy process of drug development by ﬁnding new uses for already approved drugs. In order to repurpose drugs eﬀectively, it is useful to know which proteins are targeted by which drugs. Computational models that estimate the interaction strength of new drug--target pairs have the potential to expedite drug repurposing. Several models have been proposed for this task. However, these models represent the drugs as strings, which is not a natural way to represent molecules. We propose a new model called GraphDTA that represents drugs as graphs and uses graph neural networks to predict drug--target aﬃnity. We show that graph neural networks not only predict drug--target aﬃnity better than non-deep learning models, but also outperform competing deep learning methods. Our results conﬁrm that deep learning models are appropriate for drug-target binding aﬃnity prediction, and that representing drugs as graphs can lead to further improvements. Availability of data and materials: The proposed models are implemented in Python. Related data, pre-trained models, and source code are publicly available at https://github.com/thinng/GraphDTA. All scripts and data needed to reproduce the post-hoc statistical analysis are available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3603523.
Floristic structure and phytodiversity along an elevational gradient in Peepalkoti-Joshimath area of Garhwal Himalaya, India

The present study was conducted in temperate Himalayan forests of Joshimath area in Chamoli district of Uttarakhand to understand the effect of altitudinal variation on structure and composition of the vegetation and to record the floristic diversity and economic utilities of the plants in the study area. Three altitudinal zones viz., upper zone (U) = 2000-2200m asl, middle zone (M) = 1800-2000m asl and lower zone (L) = 1600-1800m asl were selected for the study. In the present floristic survey the total of 74 families (72 Angiospermous and 2 Gymnospermous), 149 Genera (145 Angiospermous and 4 Gymnospermous) and 177 species (173 Angiospermous and 4 Gymnospermous) were recorded in the study area. Out of these 177 species identified in the study area 100, 47, 20 and 10 were herbs, shrubs, trees and climbers respectively. Rosaceae was the dominant family recorded with 16 species in the study area followed by the Asteraceae (15), Lamiaceae (11), Fabaceae (11) and Caryophyllaceae (5). In Ethnobotanical survey very useful information was recorded about the economic utility of the plants species present in the study area. Uses recorded were medicinal, fuel, fodder, edible and timber. Tree Species richness (SR) decreased from lower altitude to higher altitude. Species diversity (richness) and dominance (Simpson index) were found to be inversely related to each other. Tree density decreased from lower altitude to upper altitude, whereas TBC showed reverse trend. (V P Bhatt, Vijay Kant Purohit, Floristic structure and phytodiversity along an elevational gradient in Peepalkoti-Joshimath area of Garhwal Himalaya, India. Nature and Science 2011;9(1):57-67). (ISSN: 1545- 0740). http://www.sciencepub. net .
For a review and references

The physical interpretation of the theorem is worth noting: The theorem claims that if L is linear and satisfies (2) and if R is orientation preserving in the sense that R,, = +1 and det S = +1, then L is the transformation of coordinates from a rocket to a lab frame in which case n points in the direction of motion of the rocket. Finally note that L may be decomposed as L = M. The reader will find that the relationships among R , A , R , a have interesting computational details. A homeomorphc image of a closed interval [ a , b ] (a < b) is called an arc and a homeomor-phic image of a circle is called a Jordan curve. One of the most classical theorems in topology is THEOREM (Jordan Curve Theorem). The complement in theplane R2 of a Jordan curve J consists of two components, each of which has J as its boundary. Since the first rigorous proof given by Veblen [4] in 1905, a variety of elementary (and lengthy) proofs have been provided by many authors. Among them, the one given by Moise [3]is intuitive and transparent yet lengthy. The purpose of this note is to provide a short proof by modifying Moise's method. In order to avoid the tedious arguments, we will use the following celebrated theorem of Brouwer (for an elementary proof, for example, see [I]). THEOREM (Brouwer Fixed Point Theorem). Every continuom map from a disk into itself has a fixed point. To begin with, we note two simple facts concerning the components of R~-J, where J is a Jordan curve: (a) R2-J has exactly one unbounded component, and (b) each component of R2-J is path connected and open. The assertion (a) follows from the boundedness of J , and (b) from the local path-connectedness of R2 and the closedness of J. LEMMA 1. If R~-J is not connected, then each component has J as its boundary.
Harnessing Hardware Acceleration with RISC-V and the EU Processor

In this talk, we will present the newly EU-funded project AERO (Accelerated EU Cloud) whose mission is to bring up and optimize the software stack of cloud deployments on top of the EU processor. After providing an overview of the AERO project, we will expand on two main components of the software stack to enable seamless acceleration of various programming languages on RISC-V architectures; namely, ComputeAorta which enables the generation of RISC-V vector instructions from SPIR-V binary modules, and TornadoVM which enables transparent hardware acceleration of managed applications. Finally, we will describe how the ongoing integration of ComputeAorta and TornadoVM will enable a plethora of applications from managed languages to harness RISC-V auto-vectorization completely transparently to developers.
Periosteal Turnover Flap for Coverage and Salvage of Exposed Deep Brain Stimulation Device

Implanted deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices are crucial in the treatment of movement disorders. Hardware extrusion is among the most frequent complications of the implantation process and requires reconstruction with well-vascularized tissues. The authors present a case of periosteal turnover flap for coverage of an exposed DBS device. An 11-year-old female patient with spastic cerebral palsy presented with an exposed DBS device located in the right parietal area. The exposed device was covered by a proximally based periosteal flap. Postoperative evaluations at months 1, 2, 3, and 8 revealed no signs of infection or dehiscence. This brief clinical study shows that reconstruction with periosteal turnover flaps is both an easy and excellent choice for secondary closure of exposed DBS devices.
Contralateral Astrocyte Response to Acute Optic Nerve Damage Is Mitigated by PANX1 Channel Activity

Glial reactivity is considered a hallmark of damage-induced innate immune responses in the central nervous system. In the visual system, unilateral optic nerve damage elicits dramatic glial reactivity in the retina directly affected by the lesion and a similar, albeit more modest, effect in the contralateral eye. Evaluation of astrocyte changes in a mouse model of optic nerve crush indicates that astrocyte reactivity, as a function of retinal coverage and cellular hypertrophy, occurs within both the experimental and contralateral retinas, although the hypertrophic response of the astrocytes in the contralateral eyes is delayed for at least 24 h. Evaluation of astrocytic reactivity as a function of Gfap expression indicates a similar, muted but significant, response in contralateral eyes. This constrained glial response is completely negated by conditional knock out of Panx1 in both astrocytes and Müller cells. Further studies are required to identify if this is an autocrine or a paracrine suppression of astroglial reactivity.
rsc.li/esatmospheres As featured in:

Exploring condensable organic vapors and their co-occurrence with PM 2.5 and O 3 in winter in Eastern China Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) act as fuels for atmospheric chemistry leading to particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O 3 ). This study intends to unravel this complex process by focusing on oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs), which are key intermediates but still poorly understood. We found that OOMs are produced from anthropogenic VOC oxidation and interacted strongly with nitrogen oxides in winter in Eastern China. Importantly, the production of OOMs and their corresponding contributions to aerosol are ampliﬁ ed during photochemical haze when PM and O 3 are co-enhanced.
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: current and emerging treatments

: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy is a disease process that follows the proliferation of ectopic cell sheets in the vitreous and/or periretinal area, causing periretinal membrane formation and traction, in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Currently, vitreous surgery is the standard treatment; however, the results aren’t satisfactory given the vision loss that ensues and that redetachment is relatively common. It is becoming clearer that there exists an interplay between various cytokines/growth factors, matrix proteins, and the different cell types that drive the undesirable formation of periretinal membranes. This fundamental understanding is aiding in identifying different adjunct agents that can block the cellular events intrinsic to proliferative vitreoretinopathy. In this review, we describe the current understanding on the pathogenesis and discuss how the fundamental understanding of the biochemical/molecular events is instrumental in developing the novel treatment strategies that are also highlighted.
have failed to

Pain is a highly prevalent and burdensome symptom among people with HIV (PWH). This study aims to identify how the experience of living with HIV and chronic pain influences pain beliefs, health-seeking and pain management. Thirty-nine purposively sampled PWH with chronic pain (sample characteristics= 61% women, 79% Black, Asian and minority ethnic groups, 18% men who have sex with men, 45-54 median age category) participated in one of six focus groups in London. Focus groups were co-facilitated with community members. Transcripts were inductively analysed using a thematic approach. Findings revealed that HIV stigma, fractured care pathways, and general practitioners’ lack of HIV training are barriers to supported pain management. Unaddressed pain results in poorer mental health and reduced quality of life, which has important clinical implications for health service engagement and treatment adherence. Creating HIV-specific pain resources, activating social networks, and pain self-management techniques are potential solutions. Person-centred assessment and HIV training is needed to help clinicians identify PWH with chronic pain. Clear guidelines need to be developed to identify which health service providers are responsible for chronic pain management in PWH. This study generated a refined version of the Fear Avoidance Model that introduces a dimension of HIV-specific behaviours that impact PWHs seeking chronic pain management. Clinical pathways informed by our model have the optimal potential for success.
ImagingDependence, and a New Frontier in Stroke Disease: Physiologic Basis, Hemodynamic MR Thermometry in Cerebrovascular

SUMMARY: The remarkable temperature sensitivity of the brain is widely recognized and has been studied for its role in the potentiation of ischemic and other neurologic injuries. Pyrexia frequently complicates large-vessel acute ischemic stroke and develops commonly in critically ill neurologic patients; the profound sensitivity of the brain even to minor intraischemic temperature changes, together with the discovery of brain-to-systemic as well as intracerebral temperature gradients, has thus compelled the exploration of cerebral thermoregulation and uncovered its immutable dependence on cerebral blood ﬂ ow. A lack of pragmatic and noninvasive tools for spatially and temporally resolved brain thermometry has historically restricted empiric study of cerebral temperature homeostasis; however, MR thermometry (MRT) leveraging temperature-sensitive nuclear magnetic resonance phenomena is well-suited to bridging this long-standing gap. This review aims to introduce the reader to the following: 1) fundamental aspects of cerebral thermoregulation, 2) the physical basis of noninvasive MRT, and 3) the physiologic interdependence of cerebral temperature, perfusion, metabolism, and viability.
Oblivious Turing Machine

—In the ever-evolving landscape of Information Technologies, private decentralized computing on an honest yet curious server has emerged as a prominent paradigm. While numerous schemes exist to safeguard data during computation, the focus has primarily been on protecting the confidentiality of the data itself, often overlooking the potential information leakage arising from the function evaluated by the server. Recognizing this gap, this article aims to address the issue by presenting and implementing an innovative solution for ensuring the privacy of both the data and the program. We introduce a novel approach that combines the power of Fully Homomorphic Encryption with the concept of the Turing Machine model, resulting in the first fully secure practical, non-interactive oblivious Turing Machine. Our Oblivious Turing Machine construction is based on only three hypothesis, the hardness of the Ring Learning With Error problem, the ability to homomorphically evaluate non-linear functions and the capacity to blindly rotate elements of a data structure. Only based on those three assumptions, we propose an implementation of an Oblivious Turing Machine relying on the TFHE cryptosystem and present some implementation results.