Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flexible boundary condition for a moving dislocation

It is well known that a boundary condition usually affects the result of the computer simulation of defects, especially extended defects like a straight dislocation, where the model size dependence of the result is sometimes observed. In order to solve this problem, a flexible boundary condition is developed for the simulation of a moving dislocation by applying the Lagrange principle in the present study. Under the flexible boundary condition described here, various properties of a screw dislocation, i.e., stable core structure, Peierls stress and glide property, are calculated in a square lattice and the model size dependence of the result is hardly obtained over a wide range. Contrary to the present flexible boundary condition, explicit size dependence is observed in the case of a rigid boundary condition due to a strong image force from the boundary. It is observed, however, that the result tends to approach that obtained in the above flexible boundary model as the size of the model lattice increases. Unfortunately, in the case of a screw dislocation with higher Peierls stress than 10−2G, the flexible boundary condition is not available, because lattice vibrations with a high frequency are emitted from the dislocation line during glide motion and the boundary cannot respond to these waves.It is well known that a boundary condition usually affects the result of the computer simulation of defects, especially extended defects like a straight dislocation, where the model size dependence of the result is sometimes observed. In order to solve this problem, a flexible boundary condition is developed for the simulation of a moving dislocation by applying the Lagrange principle in the present study. Under the flexible boundary condition described here, various properties of a screw dislocation, i.e., stable core structure, Peierls stress and glide property, are calculated in a square lattice and the model size dependence of the result is hardly obtained over a wide range. Contrary to the present flexible boundary condition, explicit size dependence is observed in the case of a rigid boundary condition due to a strong image force from the boundary. It is observed, however, that the result tends to approach that obtained in the above flexible boundary model as the size of the model lattice increases.
Application of Array Imaging Algorithm in Horizontal Well Oil–Water Two-Phase Water Holdup Measurement

Due to the effect of gravity differentiation in nonvertical wells and the asymmetry of the space around the wellbore, the fluid flow pattern in the wellborn will change greatly. The water holdup reflects the distribution of water, which lays a foundation for understanding the proportion of oil and gas. Water holdup imaging can intuitively reflect the distribution of each phase and the overall water holdup. In this article, with No. 10 industrial white oil and tap water as the working medium, the local water holdup value was measured in the oil–water two-phase by the capacitance array tool (CAT), and then, the response characteristics of the instrument were analyzed. MATLAB software is used to interpolate the local water holdup data of the array in the oil–water two-phase of the horizontal well. The interpolation algorithms used include bilinear interpolation, cubic spline interpolation, simple inverse distance weighted interpolation, and Gaussian radial basis function (GRBF) interpolation. The results show that the water holdup measured by the CAT shows a good measurement effect at low and medium flow rates. Linear and cubic splines are selected in the case of low flow rate and low water cut in the oil–water two-phase flow with stratified flow pattern. The GRBF is selected under the condition of low flow rate and high water cut. The GRBF was selected under different water cut conditions of middle and high flow rates with dispersed flow pattern.
Inherent Limitations of Smartphone GNSS Positioning and Effective Methods to Increase the Accuracy Utilizing Dual-Frequency Measurements

Xiaomi Mi8 with a Broadcom BCM47755 chip, an Android smartphone that supports multi-constellation (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, and QZSS) and dual-frequency (L1/E1 and L5/E5), was launched in May 2018. Unlike previously released smartphones, it was technically expected to provide robust precise positioning with a fast ambiguity resolution, which led many researchers to be overly optimistic about the applicability of high-accuracy techniques such as real-time kinematic (RTK) systems and precise point positioning (PPP) of smartphones. The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) raw measurement quality of Android smartphones is, however, inherently far lower than that of general GNSS receivers due to their structure, which accordingly makes it difficult for them to be realized. Considering inherent limitations of smartphones such as low-quality antenna, frequent cycle slips, and the duty cycle, a practical strategy including L5 measurements, pseudo-range corrections for L5, and a weighting method is proposed in this paper. The results show that the proposed methods of L5 differential GNSS (DGNSS) and Doppler-based filtering can guarantee a positioning accuracy of 1.75 m horizontally and 4.56 m vertically in an Android device, which is comparable to the performance of commercial low-cost receivers.
Immunotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Characterizations of Prenylated Flavonoids—The Lipophilic 7-O-Terpenylated Wogonin

Wogonin, one of the exceptional bioactive flavonoids found abundant in the roots of Huang-Qin (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi), is a popular health-preserving Chinese medicine. The therapeutic applications can be expanded by improving its bioavailability. The 7-O-terpenylated wogonin consisting one to three prenyl units are chemically synthesized for increasing lipophilic nature for efficient uptake, and also an attempt in mimicry of naturally scarce terpenylated flavonoids found in limited plant families and bee propolis. Wogonin (W) and its lipophilic nature prenyl wogonin (W5), geranyl wogonin (W10), and farnesyl wogonin (W15) were comparatively studied with structure-relationship in immunotoxicity of cell livability on lymphoid, myeloid, and somatic origins cell lines. Anti-inflammatory functions characterized with nitric oxide inhibition and intracellular ROS level of LPS-activated murine macrophage RAW264.7 were assessed. Wogonin and its terpenylated derivatives have selectively influenced livability of lymphoid origin cells but not myeloid and somatic origin cells. The mitotic protein survivin gene expressions analysis further supported the selective suppressions on lymphoid origin YAC-1 cells by wogonin and geranyl wogonin, while oppositely boosted survivin expressions in LPS-activated macrophages. Moreover, wogonin exhibits dose-dependent inhibition on the nitric oxide (NO) production and iNOS gene expressions of LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Terpenylated wogonin exhibits profoundly superior control in intracellular ROS level and a sustained action with sound cell integrity than the wogonin. The enhanced cellular uptake with higher lipophilicity to membrane of 7-O-terpenylated wogonin may pose an important biological nature in facilitating better bioavailability and specific immunomodulatory actions of the category of terpenylated flavonoids. The 7-O-terpenylated wogonin having biological merit of fast membrane lipid bilayer integration, lower effective concentration, and better preserving immune cells functions and livability deserved further in-depth investigations and their broadly therapeutic applications.
Machine Learning Based Industrial Engineering With 6G Technology

The "Ubiquitous Wireless Intelligence" concept of 6G opens up a variety of technological innovation paths, some of which are aided by machine learning and artificial intelligence, the two topics on which this work focuses. However, this advancement in ICT comes at a time when people are more driven than ever to use digital inclusion to reduce social and economic inequality while also giving the UN Sustainable Development Goals priority (SDGs). The document is divided into four sections: what 6G offers, the gaps and technical hurdles now present, the role of machine learning in many aspects, and finally the difficulties associated with incorporating AI/ML For the first time, a brand-new theoretical framework, denoted as 6GIIoE, was developed for the 6G-enabled IIoE system. This paper presents the vision of future 6G wireless correspondence and its network design. We talk about the emerging advances such as artificial intelligence, terahertz correspondences, optical wireless innovation, free space optic organization, blockchain, three dimensional networking, quantum correspondences, automated ethereal vehicle, without cell correspondences, integration of wireless information and energy move, integration of sensing and correspondence, integration of access-backhaul networks, dynamic organization slicing, holographic beamforming, and enormous information examination that can help the 6G design improvement in guaranteeing the QoS. We present the normal applications with the prerequisites and the potential innovations for 6Gcorrespondence. We likewise outline the potential difficulties and research headings to arrive at this objective.
Intra-Lid Multi-Core Vapor Chamber Architecture for Heterogeneous Electronic Packages: Technology Concept to Prototype Evaluation

Thermal management of future heterogeneous electronic packages with extreme heat fluxes relies on effective spreading of heat in the package lid. Intra-lid integration of vapor chambers is a promising strategy for simultaneous dissipation of large total heat loads and localized high-flux hot spots. However, conventional vapor chambers comprising a single vapor core require relatively thick evaporator wicks to prevent dry out at high total heat loads, thereby imposing a large temperature drop across the wick at the hot spot location. We recently proposed a cascaded multi-core vapor chamber (CMVC) architecture comprising a single-core vapor chamber stacked on an array of smaller footprint vapor cores having relatively thinner wicks. The multi-core array is designed to spread heat from arbitrarily distributed high-flux hot spots before they enter the top vapor chamber having a thicker wick. Then, the top vapor chamber spreads the high total heat loads to the base of the mounted heat sink. To evaluate the proposed CMVC technology, we make a weighted decision to identify an appropriate minimum viable prototype for subsequent design and testing. A reduced-order model is used to determine the dimensions and properties of the wick and vapor core that minimize the temperature drop across the down-selected multi-core vapor chamber architecture for a given power map, considering manufacturing process constraints. Finite element analysis (FEA) simulations are employed to decide a condenser wall thickness that avoids permanent deformation in the vapor chamber architecture under a mechanical load. A prototype is manufactured by a commercial vendor following these parameters and manufacturing constraints. As predicted by the thermal model, experimental characterization of this first-reported multi-core vapor chamber array prototype offers a notable reduction in temperature drop relative to a benchmark solid copper spreader, owing to attenuation of hot spots at a low temperature difference.
Role of deep learning methods in screening for subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator in heart failure

S‐ICD eligibility is assessed at pre‐implant screening where surface ECG traces are used as surrogates for S‐ICD vectors. In heart failure (HF) patients undergoing diuresis, electrolytes and fluid shifts can cause changes in R and T waves. Subsequently, T:R ratio, a major predictor of S‐ICD eligibility, can be dynamic.
Asymptotic Behaviour of Extinction Probability of Interacting Branching Collision Processes

Although the exact expressions for the extinction probabilities of the Interacting Branching Collision Processes (IBCP) were very recently given by Chen et al. [4], some of these expressions are very complicated; hence, useful information regarding asymptotic behaviour, for example, is harder to obtain. Also, these exact expressions take very different forms for different cases and thus seem lacking in homogeneity. In this paper, we show that the asymptotic behaviour of these extremely complicated and tangled expressions for extinction probabilities of IBCP follows an elegant and homogenous power law which takes a very simple form. In fact, we are able to show that if the extinction is not certain then the extinction probabilities {a n } follow an harmonious and simple asymptotic law of a n ∼ kn -αρ c n as n → ∞, where k and α are two constants, ρ c is the unique positive zero of the C(s), and C(s) is the generating function of the infinitesimal collision rates. Moreover, the interesting and important quantity α takes a very simple and uniform form which could be interpreted as the ‘spectrum’, ranging from -∞ to +∞, of the interaction between the two components of branching and collision of the IBCP.
A literature review of securities holdings statistics research and a practitioner’s guide

: Securities Holdings Statistics (SHS), compiled by the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) have spurred research over the past decade. SHS provide high-quality security-by-security data on portfolios. SHS benefit from very high coverage across euro area investors, relying on harmonized reporting and data preparation by the ECB since 2013-Q4. This paper provides a literature review of SHS research by surveying all published journal articles and working papers using granular SHS data. We demonstrate a rising popularity of SHS with 69 studies so far, advancing most prominently three research fields: (i) the banking and finance literature, mostly on interconnectedness and contagion, (ii) the international investment literature, and, (iii) monetary policy research on quantitative easing. Still, this review argues that SHS research is in its infancy, yet quickly growing. We highlight a surge of new studies, notably in sustainable finance. We provide a practitioner’s guide with code, cleaning procedures and common specifications illustrated with home currency bias regressions. Finally, this review discusses avenues of future research.
An interferometric calibration system for various linear artefacts using active compensation of angular motion errors

A calibration system for linear-dimension artefacts was developed, which employed a multi-axis laser interferometer for direct metrological traceability and active compensation of angular motion errors. It can calibrate various end and line standards by changing probes (contact and optical probe). We designed the system as a moving probe type with a cantilever structure to reduce overall size and increase efficiency in calibration. A stage part including a two-axis tilt stage provides precise linear motion of a probing part over the range of 2000 mm with nanometric resolution. The three-axis interferometer measuring linear and rotational motions of the stage enables us to obtain probing position and compensate angular motion errors precisely. It was also arranged to minimize the Abbe offset, and so the Abbe error can be reduced remarkably combining the active compensation of angular motion errors. The overall system was installed in a temperature-controlled chamber to decrease thermal variation during measurements. The measurement uncertainty of the calibration system was analysed by considering the performance of the main components. We measured several long gauge blocks and a precision line scale, and compared the measured values with the reference ones and also checked their stabilities. Their deviations were less than 100 nm and existed within the expanded measurement uncertainty (k = 2).
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours – an overview

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) belong to a group of various tumours that can arise on many internal organs. Among NENs a large class of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs) can be distinguished, which comprise neoplasms arising from the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Therefore, this review provides the current status of the World Health Organization classification of GEP-NETs as well as an overview of their clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment methods. GEP-NETs are generally divided into 5 groups: pancreatic NETs (PanNETs), gastric NETs (G-NETs), duodenal NETs (D-NETs), jejunoileal NETs (Je-Ile NETs), and neuroendocrine neoplasms of the large intestine. Moreover, in each group several subtypes have been introduced according to cell differentiation, mitotic rate, and Ki-67 index. Low-and intermediate-grade GEP-NETs are well differentiated, have
Investigation of arbitrage opportunities in the Eurodollar futures market using neural networks

Financial analysis is based on two opposing views: market efficiency theory and technical or fundamental analysis. There are three forms of market efficiency: weak form, semi-strong form and strong form. The weak form of market efficiency precludes the trends and patterns that technical analysis attempts to exploit. This work investigates whether it is possible to detect or predict patterns underlying Eurodollar futures trading. Multilayer perceptrons and radial basis functions were chosen to predict three time series based on different financial models. The findings challenge the existing efficient market theory in the case of Eurodollar futures trading.
Critical pair-breaking current in superconducting aluminum strips far below T/sub c/

Critical currents of narrow, thin aluminum strips have been measured as a function of temperature. For the smallest samples uniformity of the current density is obtained over a large temperature range. Hence the intrinsic limit on the current-carrying capacity of the superconductor was measured outside the Ginzburg-Landau regime. The experimental values are compared with recent theoretical predictions by Kupriyanov and Lukichev. An approximate method of solving their equations is given, the results of which agree with the exact solution to within 1%. Experimental data are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. The absolute values agree if one assumes a rhol value of 4 x 10/sup -16/ . cap omega.m /sup 2/ with v/sub F/ = 1.3 x 10/sup 6/ m/s. This value for rhol is the same as that found from measurements of the anomalous skin effect but differs from values extracted from size-effect limited resistivity.
Building block properties govern granular hydrogel mechanics through contact deformations

Granular hydrogels have been increasingly exploited in biomedical applications, including wound healing and cardiac repair. Despite their utility, design guidelines for engineering their macroscale properties remain limited, as we do not understand how the properties of granular hydrogels emerge from collective interactions of their microgel building blocks. In this work, we related building block features (stiffness and size) to the macroscale properties of granular hydrogels using contact mechanics. We investigated the mechanics of the microgel packings through dynamic oscillatory rheology. In addition, we modeled the system as a collection of two-body interactions and applied the Zwanzig and Mountain formula to calculate the plateau modulus and viscosity of the granular hydrogels. The calculations agreed with the dynamic mechanical measurements and described how microgel properties and contact deformations define the rheology of granular hydrogels. These results support a rational design framework for improved engineering of this fascinating class of materials.
Association Between Population-Level Factors and Household Secondary Attack Rate of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract Background Accurate estimation of household secondary attack rate (SAR) is crucial to understand the transmissibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The impact of population-level factors, such as transmission intensity in the community, on SAR estimates is rarely explored. Methods In this study, we included articles with original data to compute the household SAR. To determine the impact of transmission intensity in the community on household SAR estimates, we explored the association between SAR estimates and the incidence rate of cases by country during the study period. Results We identified 163 studies to extract data on SARs from 326 031 cases and 2 009 859 household contacts. The correlation between the incidence rate of cases during the study period and SAR estimates was 0.37 (95% CI, 0.24–0.49). We found that doubling the incidence rate of cases during the study period was associated with a 1.2% (95% CI, 0.5%–1.8%) higher household SAR. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the incidence rate of cases during the study period is associated with higher SAR. Ignoring this factor may overestimate SARs, especially for regions with high incidences, which further impacts control policies and epidemiological characterization of emerging variants.
Endocarp Development Study in Full Irrigated Olive Orchards and Impact on Fruit Features at Harvest

Endocarp development in olive trees includes three periods: growth (Period I), massive sclerification (Period II) and maximum hardening (Period III). The two first are strongly related to yield and irrigation management. Period I was reported to coincide with mesocarp cell division and thus with final fruit size. Period II was considered to be the most drought-resistant phenological stage. However, little is known in olive trees about the length of these periods and their capacity for predicting fruit size at harvest. The aim of this work was to evaluate the length of both periods in different cultivars and different location of full irrigated orchards. We also aimed to study the fruit feature impact on harvest at the end of Period I. Data from full irrigated olive orchards of cv Cornicabra, Arbequina and Manzanilla in two different locations (Ciudad Real, Central Spain, and Seville, South Spain) were used. The pattern of pit-breaking pressure throughout the season was measured with fruit samples for several years (2006 to 2022). These data and climatic data were used to compare different estimation methods for the length of Period I and II of endocarp development. Then, fruit volume and dry weight at the end of Period I were used to estimate fruit features at harvest. Results suggest that the Period I length was less temperature- and cultivar-dependent than expected. The duration of this period was almost constant at around 49 days after full bloom. Thermal time was negatively correlated with fruit size at the end of Period I. On the contrary, a lineal thermal model presented the lowest variability when estimating the Period II length, which was also affected by the cultivar. The best fit between fruit dry weight and volume at Period I vs. harvest was unique for oil cultivars (Cornicabra and Arbequina), while cv Manzanilla presented a different relationship. A temperature increase in the future would not affect the Period I length but would reduce the fruit size at the end of this period and at harvest.
Lacunarity calculation in the true fractal limit

We measure the lacunarity of regular fractals in the limit of an infinite fractal lattice using a suitable graph counting method. The calculations are performed for a recent expression proposed for lacunarity that explores the scaling properties of the mass distribution of the fractal set on cells of radius r. We present results for various Sierpinski carpets and for the Sierpinski gasket.