Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematic Bias Correction in Ocean Mesoscale Forecasting Using Machine Learning

The ocean circulation is modulated by meandering currents and eddies. Forecasting their evolution is a key target of operational models, but their forecast skill remains limited. We propose a machine learning approach that improves the output of an ocean circulation model by learning and predicting its systematic biases. This method can be applied a priori to any region, and is tested in the Gulf of Mexico, where the Loop Current (LC) and the large anticyclonic eddies that detach from it are major forecasting targets. The LC dynamics are recurrent and lie on a low‐dimensional dynamical attractor. Building upon the information gained analyzing this low dimensional attractor, we improve the representation of sea surface anomalies in model outputs through information from satellite altimeter data using a Sequence‐to‐Sequence model, which is a special class of Recurrent Neural Network. Building upon the HYCOM‐NCODA analysis system, we deliver a correction to the forecast at the observation resolution. For at least 15 days the proposed method learns to forecast the systematic bias in the HYCOM‐NCODA, outperforming persistence, and improving the forecast. This data‐driven approach is fast and can be implemented as an added step to any dynamical hindcasting or forecasting model. It offers an interesting avenue for further developing hybrid modeling tools. In these tools, fundamental physical conservations are preserved through the integration of partial differential equations which obey them. In addition, the method highlights specific deficiencies of the hindcast system that deserve further investigation in the future.
Sensitivity of 30-Day Dynamical Forecasts to Continental Snow cover

Abstract Several series of 30-day simulations with a global simulation model are used to evaluate the sensitivities to continental snow cover over North America and Eurasia. The model is initialized with National Meteorological Center analyses for specific dates during the winter of 1976/77 through 1983/84, and snow cover in each case is prescribed according to 1) the distribution derived from observational data; and 2) the distribution containing a corresponding anomaly of the opposite sign. In ten pairs of midwinter forecasts, the major effect of extensive snow cover in eastern North America is a reduction of the near-surface air temperature in the vicinity of the snow anomaly. When snow cover is extensive, sea level pressures are somewhat lower and precipitation amounts somewhat higher offshore of the East Coast; sea level pressures are generally higher inland. In a set of six March cases, positive anomalies of Eurasian snow cover reduce the air temperatures by at least several degrees ceisius througho.
Epigenetic and Hormonal Modulation in Plant–Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganism Symbiosis for Drought-Resilient Agriculture

Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) have emerged as valuable allies for enhancing plant growth, health, and productivity across diverse environmental conditions. However, the complex molecular mechanisms governing plant–PGPM symbiosis under the climatic hazard of drought, which is critically challenging global food security, remain largely unknown. This comprehensive review explores the involved molecular interactions that underpin plant–PGPM partnerships during drought stress, thereby offering insights into hormonal regulation and epigenetic modulation. This review explores the challenges and prospects associated with optimizing and deploying PGPMs to promote sustainable agriculture in the face of drought stress. In summary, it offers strategic recommendations to propel research efforts and facilitate the practical implementation of PGPMs, thereby enhancing their efficacy in mitigating drought-detrimental effects in agricultural soils.
The Determination of the Factors Affecting Financial Technology Use Behavior of Students

AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk menyelidiki dampak simultan dan parsial dari faktor-faktor penentu terhadap perilaku penggunaan teknologi finansial (tekfin). Selanjutnya, desain kuantitatif deskriptif digunakan dengan pendekatan kausal dengan sampel sebanyak 139 siswa SMK Negeri di Kota Madiun. Pengumpulan data juga dilakukan melalui pemberian kuesioner, dan analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan structural equation modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa niat perilaku, kondisi yang memfasilitasi, dan kebiasaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku penggunaan tekfin secara simultan dan parsial. Kata kunci: Kondisi Yang Memfasilitasi, Niat, Penggunaan Tekfin, Perilaku
Assessing the Role of Post-Translational Modifications of Mitochondrial RNA Polymerase

The mitochondrial proteome is subject to abundant post-translational modifications, including lysine acetylation and phosphorylation of serine, threonine, and tyrosine. The biological function of the majority of these protein modifications is unknown. Proteins required for the transcription and translation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are subject to modification. This suggests that reversible post-translational modifications may serve as a regulatory mechanism for mitochondrial gene transcription, akin to mechanisms controlling nuclear gene expression. We set out to determine whether acetylation or phosphorylation controls the function of mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT). Mass spectrometry was used to identify post-translational modifications on POLRMT. We analyzed three POLRMT modification sites (lysine 402, threonine 315, threonine 993) found in distinct structural regions. Amino acid point mutants that mimic the modified and unmodified forms of POLRMT were employed to measure the effect of acetylation or phosphorylation on the promoter binding ability of POLRMT in vitro. We found a slight decrease in binding affinity for the phosphomimic at threonine 315. We did not identify large changes in viability, mtDNA content, or mitochondrial transcript level upon overexpression of POLRMT modification mimics in HeLa cells. Our results suggest minimal biological impact of the POLRMT post-translational modifications studied in our system.
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma initially diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of unknown primary with hepatoduodenal ligament lymph node metastases: A case report

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) with regional lymph node metastases, which lacks a well-delineated liver mass, may be misdiagnosed as a carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) origin. The present study reports the case of a 69-year-old man initially diagnosed with CUP, who was incidentally found to have abdominal lymphadenopathy during ultrasonography (US). The clinical course from the time of lymphadenectomy and CUP diagnosis to iCCA detection after long-term follow-up is reported. A patient with a history of hypertensive renal disease presented with an incidental finding of enlarged abdominal lymph nodes in the perihepatic region on US. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed two enlarged lymph nodes in the hepatoduodenal ligament. Exploratory laparotomy and lymphadenectomy were performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, respectively. Poorly differentiated metastatic adenocarcinoma positive for cytokeratin 7 and negative for cytokeratin 20 was identified in two of the 22 lymph nodes. Postoperatively, a positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) scan was performed, which failed to locate the primary site. The diagnosis of CUP was confirmed based on clinical, radiological and histopathological characteristics. A sequential abdominal CT scan 48 months after lymphadenectomy revealed a faintly enhancing, intraductal polypoid mass with localized ductal dilatation in liver segment 3. MRI and PET/CT confirmed a mass in the left lobe of the liver. US-guided percutaneous needle biopsy confirmed the presence of moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient refused surgical treatment because of general weakness caused by Coronavirus disease 2019 infection. The patient received radical radiotherapy and underwent left hepatectomy after recovery of their performance status. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen demonstrated prevailing fibrosis and mucin accumulation, with scattered cancer cells observed focally in the resected liver specimen owing to the effect of the radiotherapy. Consequently, a definitive diagnosis of primary adenocarcinoma of the intrahepatic bile duct was confirmed. The present report may improve understanding of the pathophysiology and clinical progression of iCCA, with a specific focus on the intraductal growth subtype.
Design of Multi-bit Pulsed Latches with Scan Input in CMOS ONK65 Technology

This paper presents a new multi-bit pulse latch design that places innovative emphasis on the integration of scan input for automatic test pattern generation (ATPG). Two different designs have been developed in ONK65 technology (65 nm process): the first with standard threshold voltage (SVT) tailored for consumer products and the second with high threshold voltage (HVT) for automotive, each addressing specific aspects of process, voltage, and temperature (PVT). Multi-bit pulse latches offer a more efficient alternative to multi-bit flip-flop circuits and promise significant power and area savings. However, the efficiency of these latches depends on the technology, library type and customer requirements. A multi-bit pulse latch consists of a pulse generator and a pulsed latch. Each component is carefully designed for its specific purpose and the most appropriate topology is selected. Furthermore, the paper serves as a comprehensive guide to the design of low-power digital cells. It rethinks the topology design approach by emphasizing the scan input and presents simulation results for both components of the multi-bit pulse latch, highlighting their advantages. The results show that a less strict PVT offers greater benefits than a strict PVT.
Interactions with fungi vary among Tripsacum dactyloides genotypes from across a precipitation gradient

Abstract Plant-associated microbes, specifically fungal endophytes, augment the ability of many grasses to adapt to extreme environmental conditions. Tripsacum dactyloides (Eastern gamagrass) is a perennial, drought-tolerant grass native to the tallgrass prairies of the central USA. The extent to which the microbiome of T. dactyloides contributes to its drought tolerance is unknown. Ninety-seven genotypes of T. dactyloides were collected from native populations across an east–west precipitation gradient in Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas, and then grown together in a common garden for over 20 years. Root and leaf samples were visually examined for fungal density. Because fungal endophytes confer drought-tolerant capabilities to their host plants, we expected to find higher densities of fungal endophytes in plants from western, drier regions, compared to plants from eastern, wetter regions. Results confirmed a negative correlation between endophyte densities in roots and precipitation at the genotype’s original location (r = −0.21 P = 0.04). Our analyses reveal that the host genotype’s origin along the precipitation gradient predicts the absolute abundance of symbionts in the root, but not the relative abundances of particular organisms or the overall community composition. Overall, these results demonstrate that genetic variation for plant–microbe interactions can reflect historical environment, and reinforce the importance of considering plant genotype in conservation and restoration work in tallgrass prairie ecosystems.
Poultry disease early detection methods using deep learning technology

Poultry production is a pivotal contributor to global economic growth, playing a central role in promoting human ecosystem sustainability. It offers affordable and readily accessible protein sources, encompassing meat, eggs, and other by-products. Beyond its direct nutritional benefits, poultry production enhances household income, bolsters food security, and aids in poverty reduction, making it integral to worldwide economic advancement. However, as the global population surges, so does the demand for poultry meat and eggs. Concurrently, poultry disease management emerges as a paramount challenge, leading to significant threats to food security and economic stability. Leveraging cutting-edge technology offers promising avenues to devise strategies that not only bolster farm profitability but also mitigate environmental impacts and foster the well-being of both animals and humans. This study systematically reviews the latest literature concerning poultry disease diagnosis based on deep learning techniques, elucidating the clinical manifestations associated with various ailments. The analysis indicates that emerging technological solutions, especially image processing and deep learning (DL), substantially outperform conventional manual inspection methods in early disease detection and warning in the poultry sector. Such innovations underscore their potential for revolutionizing poultry health management and disease mitigation.
The Impact of Marital Status on Work-Life Balance Considering Covid-19 Pandemic at Midlands State University

Objectives: Researchers sought to investigate how spousal relationships of employees affect the management of employment commitments and social life responsibilities during the coronavirus pandemic within a state university. Specifically, researchers desired to explore how employees struggled with work-life balance during covid-19 pandemic, ascertain any work-life balance benefits brought about by the covid-19 pandemic among host organisation employees and measure differences between marital status and level of work-life balance of employees. Methods: The study was anchored on multi-methodology research conceptualization, embedded research design, and critical realism paradigm. A sample size of 40 research subjects selected through a controlled quota sampling method was used for the study. Correspondingly, primary data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide and structured questionnaire. The main data analytical tools used were inferential statistics and thematic headings. Results: Available evidence from the study indicates that participants struggled to balance employment commitments and social life responsibilities during the coronavirus pandemic. Telecommuting resources were scarce and stumbling blocks in professional development efforts were faced. The study also revealed that the pandemic helped research subjects to improve their digital skills in the workplace. Conclusions: Given the above observational evidence, the management of the host organization might need to offer sufficient telecommuting resources and a policy framework that guides such flexible work arrangements. A holistic picture of the subject matter can also be understood through a longitudinal study design with a bigger sample size.
CHANGING EXTREME SEA LEVELS ALONG THE COAST OF MALAYSIA

This study examined extreme sea level (ESL) variations along the Malaysian coast using hourly sea level data from 17 tide gauge stations. The maximum observed ESLs varied from 1.26 m at Bintulu to 2.92 m at Port Klang, with tides playing a significant role in ESLs, especially along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The spatial variation of seasonal ESLs showed a higher maximum of non-tidal residuals (0.8-1.1 m) along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia during the northeast monsoon. This can be mainly attributed to the influence of the monsoon wind. Moreover, significant increases in ESLs were observed at 14 stations, largely due to rises in mean sea level. The interannual variability of ESL could be associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation at most sites except the northeast coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Interestingly, the interannual variability of the non-tidal residuals could be linked to the monsoon at sites located on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia. These findings provide valuable insights to relevant authorities for coastal planning, especially regarding flood risk management and the formulation of effective mitigation strategies.
A New Variant in the PRPF6 Gene Leading to Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Case Report

We report on a case of a 34-year-old Hispanic female patient with a medical history of diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, and cataract surgery in the right eye, who was evaluated due to progressive vision loss in both eyes. The patient had waxy pallor of the optic disc, vessel attenuation, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration, and bony spicules OU. These findings are compatible with a diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Gene sequencing and deletion/duplication analysis were performed. The patient was positive for a heterozygous mutation in the PRPF6 gene with the variant c.2228C>T (p.Thr743Ile). This PRPF6 variant was reported as a variant of unknown significance. The Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) score of this PRPF6 variant is 23.5, which strengthens the idea that it could potentially be associated with RP. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported on an RP patient with the PRPF6 variant c.2228C>T (p.Thr743Ile). Our case suggests that this PRPF6 variant may be associated with bilateral RP. Further molecular studies are warranted to better understand the molecular changes in the PRPF6 gene leading to RP.
Optical Diffraction Tomography and Raman Confocal Microscopy for the Investigation of Vacuoles Associated with Cancer Senescent Engulfing Cells

Wild-type p53 cancer therapy-induced senescent cells frequently engulf and degrade neighboring ones inside a massive vacuole in their cytoplasm. After clearance of the internalized cell, the vacuole persists, seemingly empty, for several hours. Despite large vacuoles being associated with cell death, this process is known to confer a survival advantage to cancer engulfing cells, leading to therapy resistance and tumor relapse. Previous attempts to resolve the vacuolar structure and visualize their content using dyes were unsatisfying for lack of known targets and ineffective dye penetration and/or retention. Here, we overcame this problem by applying optical diffraction tomography and Raman spectroscopy to MCF7 doxorubicin-induced engulfing cells. We demonstrated a real ability of cell tomography and Raman to phenotype complex microstructures, such as cell-in-cells and vacuoles, and detect chemical species in extremely low concentrations within live cells in a completely label-free fashion. We show that vacuoles had a density indistinguishable to the medium, but were not empty, instead contained diluted cell-derived macromolecules, and we could discern vacuoles from medium and cells using their Raman fingerprint. Our approach is useful for the noninvasive investigation of senescent engulfing (and other peculiar) cells in unperturbed conditions, crucial for a better understanding of complex biological processes.
Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogels Boosted with Cross-Linked Chitosan and Silver Nanoparticles for Efficient Adsorption of Congo Red and Crystal Violet Dyes

In our previous work, three different weight ratios of chitosan/PVA (1:3, 1:1, and 3:1) were blended and then cross-linked with trimellitic anhydride isothiocyanate (TAI) at a concentration depending on their chitosan content, obtaining three hydrogels symbolized by H13, H11, and H31. Pure chitosan was cross-linked with TAI, producing a hydrogel symbolized by H10. Further, three H31-based silver nanoparticles composites (H31/AgNPs1%, H31/AgNPs3%, and H31/AgNPs5%) were also synthesized. They were investigated, for the first time in this study, as adsorbents for Congo Red (CR) and Crystal Violet (CV) dyes. The removal efficiency of CR dye increased with increasing H10 content in the hydrogels, and with increasing AgNP content in the composites, reaching 99.91% for H31/AgNPs5%. For CV dye, the removal efficiency increased with the increase in the PVA content. Furthermore, the removal efficiency of CV dye increased with an increasing AgNP content, reaching 94.7% for H31/AgNPs5%. The adsorption capacity increased with the increase in both the initial dye concentration and temperature, while with an increasing pH it increased in the case of CV dye and decreased in the case of CR dye. The adsorption of CV dye demonstrated that the Freundlich isotherm model is better suited for the experimental results. Moreover, the results were best fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Modelling travel time reliability in public transport route choice behaviour

Public transport is known as a sustainable transportation mode. In order to increase demand and cost effectiveness much attention is paid to increase the service quality. One of these service quality aspects is the travel time reliability of a public transport service. However, the monetization of travel time reliability is still a topic of debate since it is unknown how travel time reliability (TTR) should be measured. The implementation of travel time reliability in the route choice behaviour of transport models is still not very common in practice. This research considers five model alternatives (or generalized cost functions), all based on literature, which are estimated from observations of a stated preference survey. These model alternatives mainly differ in the use of the TTR indicator; standard deviation of travel times and the reliability buffer time. The latter is defined as the amount of time a passenger has to take into account to arrive on-time in 80% of the trips. From the model estimation it is observed that it might be worthwhile to estimate a latent class model, since multinomial logit models segmented on observable characteristics or models with randomly distributed parameters, were not able to significantly estimate TTR related parameters with the correct sign. An incorrect sign means that the respondents reacted contrary on what is expected; a more unreliable route alternative is more attractive. A latent class analysis was performed, since there was a suspicion that different perceptions exist regarding TTR. This analysis showed that not every individual took TTR into account in their route choice behaviour or they had difficulties in considering TTR, transfer and frequency at the same time in their trade-off. The resulting different perceptions on TTR, estimated in the latent class model, could not be captured by segmenting on observable characteristics, such as trip purpose. From the results of the model estimations it is concluded that a model with scheduled travel time and reliability buffer time, as a TTR indicator, showed the best results regarding route choice behaviour. The preferred model alternative will be implemented in the regional traffic model of Utrecht, called the VRU-model. The implementation of this model is not trivial and many difficulties are encountered. Therefore, several implementation approaches are described.