Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incentive Driven Node Discovery in a P2P Network Using Mobile Intelligent Agents

A peer-to-peer(P2P) network consists of nodes that are capable of sharing resources and services with each other in a decentralized and distributed manner. A node joining a P2P network uses the node discovery protocol to discover other nodes already in the network. A node then uses the resource discovery protocol to distribute and acquire resources from other nodes in the network. Existing algorithms for P2P networks optimize the resource discovery protocol to guarantee rapid and reliable resource sharing. In this paper, we describe an intelligent node discovery protocol using a mobile agent enabled P2P system. Our simulation results show that agent based node discovery techniques in P2P systems can compare to and even outperform traditional node discovery techniques.
Comparative study of different cryptographic algorithms for data security in cloud computing

We know that with the emergence of Internet people all around the world are using its services &are heavily dependent on it. People are also storing their huge amount of data over the cloud. It is the challenge for researchers to secure the private and critical data of the users, so that unauthorized person should not be able to access it and manipulate it. Cryptography is a process of converting the user useful information to a form which is insignificant to an unauthorized person so that only authorized persons can access and understands it. For ensuring privacy there are multiple cryptographic algorithms, which is selected as per requirement of user or security specification of the organization. This paper discusses the comparison of various cryptographic encryption algorithms with respect to its various key features & then later discusses their performance cost based on the some selected key criteria's. Some of the algorithms chosen for the purpose are DES, 3DES, IDEA, CAST128, AES, Blowfish, RSA, ABE &ECC.
Papilloedema in Emphysema*

surgeons carry out the radical operation on cancers of the breast associated with enlarged supraclavicular glands provided the glands are mobile and not fixed to form a supraclavicular mass. All the evidence points to the danger of any form of surgical treatment in these patients. Operative intervention at this advanced stage can only hasten the patient's end. Stage IV. -This group comprises cases with distant metastases in bones, viscera, or lungs. These patients are unsuited for any form of active treatment other than hormonal. X rays, however, may help in the relief of pain caused by secondary deposits in bone, particularly when the metastatic process is confined to a solitary deposit-for example, a single vertebra. Although the ultimate prognosis is grave, some of these patients survive for long periods with wellcontrolled x-ray treatment. The pain of brachial neuritis caused by a supraclavicular mass of glands is similarly relieved.
Dually Diagnosed: A Retrospective Study of the Process of Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing

Abstract Utilizing a retrospective chart review of 30 children who have been dually diagnosed with hearing loss and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), this study explores the process of arriving at the diagnosis of ASD in this population. Factors of interest include the age of ASD diagnosis in children who are deaf and hard of hearing, the types of professionals involved in making the diagnosis, and the measures used for assessment. Complications in the diagnostic process are highlighted.
SH 2 Domain-Mediated Activation of Phospholipase C g Is Not Required to Initiate Ca 2 1 Release at Fertilization of Mouse Eggs

The initiation of Ca release at fertilization of mammalian eggs requires inositol trisphosphate (Miyazaki et al., 1992, Science 257, 251–255), indicating that an enzyme of the phospholipase C family is probably activated. Because Ca release at fertilization in echinoderm eggs is initiated by SH2 domain-mediated activation of phospholipase Cg (Carroll et al., 1997, J. Cell Biol. 138, 1303–1311), we examined the possible role of PLCg in initiating Ca release at fertilization in mouse eggs. Both PLCg isoforms, PLCg1 and PLCg2, are present in mouse eggs and sperm, and stimulation of these enzymes in the egg by way of an exogenously expressed PDGF receptor causes Ca release. Recombinant SH2 domains of PLCg1 and PLCg2 inhibit PLCg1 and PLCg2 activation by the PDGF receptor, completely preventing Ca release in response to PDGF when injected at an '20to 40-fold excess over the concentrations of endogenous proteins. However, even at an '100to 400-fold excess over endogenous protein levels, PLCg1 and PLCg2 SH2 domains do not inhibit Ca release at fertilization. These findings indicate that Ca release at fertilization of mouse eggs does not require SH2-domain-mediated activation of PLCg. However, activation of PLCg in the egg by an alternative pathway, or introduction of activated PLCg from the sperm, may be important. © 1998 Academic Press
Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time during Childhood, Adolescence and Young Adulthood: A Cohort Study

Background To know how moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time change across lifespan periods is needed for designing successful lifestyle interventions. We aimed to study changes in objectively measured (accelerometry) MVPA and sedentary time from childhood to adolescence and from adolescence to young adulthood. Methods Estonian and Swedish participants from the European Youth Heart Study aged 9 and 15 years at baseline (N = 2312) were asked to participate in a second examination 6 (Sweden) to 9/10 (Estonia) years later. 1800 participants with valid accelerometer data were analyzed. Results MVPA decreased from childhood to adolescence (−1 to −2.5 min/d per year of follow-up, P = 0.01 and <0.001, for girls and boys respectively) and also from adolescence to young adulthood (−0.8 to −2.2 min/d per year, P = 0.02 and <0.001 for girls and boys, respectively). Sedentary time increased from childhood to adolescence (+15 and +20 min/d per year, for girls and boys respectively, P<0.001), with no substantial change from adolescence to young adulthood. Changes in both MVPA and sedentary time were greater in Swedish than in Estonian participants and in boys than in girls. The magnitude of the change observed in sedentary time was 3–6 time larger than the change observed in MVPA. Conclusions The decline in MVPA (overall change = 30 min/d) and increase sedentary time (overall change = 2∶45 h/d) observed from childhood to adolescence are of concern and might increase the risk of developing obesity and other chronic diseases later in life. These findings substantially contribute to understand how key health-related behaviors (physical activity and sedentary) change across important periods of life.
A Hierarchy of Models for Superconducting Thin Films

A hierarchy of models for type-II superconducting thin films is presented. Through appropriate asymptotic limits this hierarchy passes from the mesoscopic Ginzburg--Landau model to the London model with isolated vortices as $\delta$-function singularities to vortex-density models and finally to macroscopic critical-state models. At each stage it is found that a key nondimensional parameter is $\Lambda = \lambda^2/d L$, where $\lambda$ is the penetration depth of the magnetic field, a material parameter, and d and L are a typical thickness and lateral dimension of the film,respectively. The models simplify greatly if this parameter is large or small.
Asthma Phenotypes

Abstract The identification of phenotypes of asthma has a long history, but previous classifications have not identified clinically important differences in pathology, natural history, or treatment response. Progress has accelerated recently, fueled by the development of new techniques to assess airway disease, particularly noninvasive techniques to assess airway inflammation. This article discusses evidence that a simple subdivision of patients into eosinophilic and noneosinophilic asthma is clinically important because it identifies groups with markedly different responses to corticosteroids and other drugs that manipulate the Th-2 (T-helper) pathway. All classification systems suffer from potential bias given that different disease variables are subjectively weighted. There has been increasing interest in the application of mathematical techniques such as factor analysis and cluster analysis to organize and group large amounts of interrelated data in an unbiased way. This article discusses attempts to do this in asthma and speculates on the clinical implications of this new information.
Smart transport recommender system

Today we have Intelligent Transportation Systems which has changed one's individual journey plans. Also smartphones are conjoined part of our daily curriculum and people are more fascinated towards location-based applications. We aim to compose a SMART TRANSPORT RECOMMENDER SYSTEM (Travel Bania) for a multitude by blending the technology of a mobile phone and the brilliance of intelligent transportation systems. Today in every field we use recommendation techniques and bind them together with other applications. The sole purpose of doing that is to achieve more desirable evaluation of the existing details and provide users the services they stated. The scope of this paper is to illustrate the design choices and the implementation of a personalized Smart Transport Recommender System, built for regular use. Using this system the user can obtain the most appropriate mode of transport to travel between two distinct locations in the city according to his/her priority of cost, comfort and time.
Nanoscale investigation of the influence of water on the elastic properties of C–S–H gel by molecular simulation

Calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) gel contains almost 50% to 70% of cement paste, which has a significant effect on the cement paste properties. An attempt is made to assess the atomistic structure of calcium silicate hydrate and the impact of water on it through molecular dynamics simulation. The most similar compositions (tobermorite 14Å, tobermorite 11Å, and jennite) are chosen and the effect of water thereof is studied. This study is presented in two phases: (1) water removal from the structure and simulating difference of water-to-calcium ratios through grand canonical Monte Carlo method. Next, the effect of water on the mechanical properties of C–S–H gel is examined through molecular dynamics method. (2) Defects in the existing molecular structures were introduced, which lead to newer Ca–Si proportions followed by the examination of the effect of water on the new structures. The obtained results revealed that as W/Ca ratio increases, the Young's modulus decreases. An increase in the Ca/Si ratio, owing to the defects in the structure, leads to the reduction in the Young's modulus.
Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy in Children for Neuroblastoma: Report of Case Series

Background: Neuroblastoma is one of the most common solid tumors in the pediatric population and the adrenal gland is the main abdominal site of this tumor. The laparoscopic approach has become the standard of care for most benign adrenal tumors in adults, but the role of laparoscopic adrenalectomy in children for malignant tumor is still a point of controversy. However, there is a growing experience with laparoscopic neuroblastoma resection of small lesions and the use of minimally invasive techniques for the initial management of infiltrative neuroblastoma in the last years. The aim of this study is to describe our initial experience with laparoscopic adrenalectomy for neuroblastoma in children, based on surgical outcomes. Methods: A retrospective review of 7 laparoscopic adrenalectomies performed in a single institution between October 2008 and October 2009. We focused our analysis on early surgical outcomes. Results: The mean tumoral size was 2.8±0.9 cm, the average surgical time was 138.6±65.5 minutes, and the mean hospital stay was 2.9±1.6 days. One stage IV patient was submitted to conversion due to bleeding and needed blood transfusion. There were no late complications or deaths and the mean follow-up time was 18.8±6.1 months. Conclusions: The laparoscopic approach for adrenal neuroblastoma resection is feasible in children with good outcomes, but should be reserved to patients with small, well-circumscribed adrenal lesions, without invasive or infiltrative disease.
Thrombus Imaging With Fibrin-Specific Gadolinium-Based MR Contrast Agent EP-2104R: Results of a Phase II Clinical Study of Feasibility

Purpose:To determine the feasibility of detecting thrombi using a fibrin-specific gadolinium-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent, EP-2104R. Methods:Subjects with confirmed thrombus in the venous system (n = 14), or in the heart, or arterial system (n = 38) were enrolled. Patients were imaged before and at various times following a 4 μmol/kg intravenous bolus injection of EP-2104R: <1 hour (N = 16), 2 to 6 hours (N = 36), and/or 20 to 36 hours (N = 33). Images were assessed by investigators at each site and by a single reader not affiliated with the sites to determine whether thrombi were visible, not visible, or further enhanced with EP-2104R. A subset of data was analyzed quantitatively by measuring a signal intensity relative to background tissue. Results:Overall, 29 thrombi were visible before contrast administration, 3 of 14 in the venous system, and 26 of 38 in the arteries and heart. Thrombi generally enhanced in signal after EP-2104R injection, and an additional 7 were visualized. After contrast, 4 of 14 thrombi were visible in the venous system, and 32 of 38 in the arteries and heart. Thrombi were more conspicuous when imaged at 2 to 6 hours post EP-2104R compared with within 1 hour, because of lower blood background. Quantitatively, the post: pre signal intensity ratio was 1.90 at 2 to 6 hours post injection (standard deviation = 1.08, N = 20, P < 0.001); and 2.04 (standard deviation = 1.29, N = 19, P < 0.0025) for the 20 to 36 hours time point. There were no serious adverse events considered related to study drug. Conclusion:EP-2104R enhanced magnetic resonance imaging detects thrombi not readily visible in precontrast screening and gives additional enhancement of thrombi that are visible in precontrast imaging.
Prediction of atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardioversion in patients with left-atrial dilation.

AIMS Little is known about the impact of left-ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction on risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence in patients with left-atrial (LA) dilation. To evaluate, in patients with symptomatic persistent AF and LA dilation, the incremental role of LV diastolic dysfunction in predicting early AF recurrence after cardioversion (CV). METHODS AND RESULTS From July 2011 to July 2013, 175 patients with persistent AF referred to our centre for CV were screened. Inclusion criteria were: European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) class ≥2 despite optimal medical treatment and heart rate at rest ≤80 bpm, LA volume ≥34 mL/m(2), EF > 35%, absence of untreated ischaemic disease and significant valvular disease, successful CV. Finally, 127 patients (age 64 ± 10 years, 60% EHRA ≥3, LA volume 42 ± 15 mL/m(2)) were enrolled. At 3 months, 37 (29%) patients presented AF recurrence. At univariate analysis, AF duration >90 days before CV (P < 0.01), septal e' <8 cm/s (P 0.03), and septal E/e' ratio ≥11 (P < 0.001) but no LA dimensions significantly correlated with AF recurrence. Logistic regression analysis confirmed septal E/e' ratio ≥11 as the best predictor of recurrence (OR 3.25 95% CI 1.19-8.86 P 0.001) together with an AF duration >90 days before the CV (OR 2.69 95% CI 1.01-7.53 P 0.04). At ROC curve analysis, the septal E/e' ratio ≥11 showed the best diagnostic accuracy (AUC 0.66, 95% CI 0.55-0.76, P 0.007). CONCLUSION In this population with symptomatic persistent AF and LA enlargement, septal E/e' ratio ≥11 and AF duration >90 days predicted AF recurrence at 3 months.
Vision-Based Occlusion Handling and Vehicle Classification for Traffic Surveillance Systems

Due to the factors such as visual occlusion, illumination change and pose variation, it is a challenging task to develop effective and efficient models for vehicle detection and classification in surveillance videos. Although plenty of existing related models have been proposed, many issues still need to be resolved. Typically, vehicle detection and classification methods should be vulnerable in complex environments. Moreover, in spite of many thoughtful attempts on adaptive appearance models to solve the occlusion problem, the corresponding approaches often suffer from high computational costs. This paper aims to address the above mentioned issues. By analyzing closures and convex hulls of vehicles, we propose a simple but effective recursive algorithm to segment vehicles involved in multiple-vehicle occlusions. Specifically, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model is constructed to capture high level features of images for classifying vehicles. Furthermore, a new pre-training strategy based on the sparse coding and auto-encoder is developed to pre-train CNNs. After pre-training, the proposed deep model yields a high performance with a limited labeled training samples.
Least-squares font metric estimation from images

The problem of determining font metrics from measurements on images of typeset text is discussed, and least-squares procedures for font metric estimation are developed. When it is shown that kerning is not present, sidebearing estimation involves solving a set of linear equations, called the sidebearing normal equations. More generally, simultaneous sidebearing and kerning term estimation involves an iterative procedure in which a modified set of sidebearing normal equations is solved during each iteration. Character depth estimates are obtained by solving a set of baseline normal equations. In a preliminary evaluation of the proposed procedures on scanned text images in three fonts, the root-mean-square set width estimation error was about 0.2 pixel. An application of font metric estimation to text image editing is discussed.
Simultaneous Genotyping and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus for Genotypes B and C by Real-Time PCR Assay

ABSTRACT Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important cause of human chronic liver diseases and is a major public health problem. Viral load and HBV genotype play critical roles in determining clinical outcomes and response to antiviral treatment in hepatitis B patients. Viral genotype detection and quantification assays are currently in use with different levels of effectiveness. In this study, the performance of a real-time genotyping and quantitative PCR (GQ-PCR)-based assay was evaluated. Through the use of genotype-specific primers and probes, this assay provides simultaneous identification and quantification of genotypes B and C in a single reaction. Our GQ-PCR correctly identified all predefined genotypes B and C, and no cross-reaction between genotypes B and C were observed. The GQ-PCR identified more cases of HBV infections with mixed genotypes B and C than direct sequencing did. Samples from 127 HBV-infected Chinese patients were genotyped with GQ-PCR, revealing 56.7% HBV as genotype B, 13.4% as genotype C, and 29.8% as mixed genotypes B and C. This assay provides a reliable, efficient, and cost-effective means for quantification of the B and C genotypes of HBV in single or mixed infections. This assay is suitable for sequential monitoring of viral load levels and for determining the relationship between the genotype viral load and stage of disease in Asians.
Joint subchannel matching and power allocation for the MIMO broadcast relay channel

We propose a joint matching and relay power allocation scheme based on an interference-free architecture for the multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast relay channel. Instead of using brute-force search, we propose a matching scheme that assigns the better subchannels at the first hop to the destinations with lower power costs. It is shown that the proposed matching scheme is optimal for certain power allocation schemes. Simulation results show that proposed matching scheme combined with water-filling power allocation is nearly optimal for the joint optimization problem of matching and power allocation.
A Fast Reinforcement Learning Technique via Multiple Lookahead Levels

Abstract – Reinforcement learning techniques have contributed and continue to tremendously contribute to the advancement of machine learning. In this paper, we introduce a technique for reinforcement learning using multiple lookahead levels that grants an autonomous agent more visibility in its environment and helps it learn faster. This technique extends the Watkins’s Q-Learning algorithm by using the Multiple-Lookahead-Levels equation we developed in this paper. We analyze the convergence of the MLL equation and prove its effectiveness. We also propose a method to compute the improvement rate of the agent’s learning speed between different lookahead levels. Here, both the time and space complexities are examined. Results show that the number of steps, required to achieve the goal, per learning path exponentially decreases with the learning path number (time). Results also show that the number of steps per learning path is less at any time when the number of lookahead levels is higher (space).
Adaptive runtime exploiting sparsity in tensor of deep learning neural network on heterogeneous systems

Deep neural networks have been widely applied in many areas, such as computer vision, natural language processing and information retrieval. However, due to the high computation and memory demands, deep learning applications have not been adopted in edge learning. In this paper, we exploit the sparsity in tensors to reduce the computation overheads and memory demands. Unlike other approaches which rely on hardware accelerator designs or sacrifice model accuracy for the performance by pruning parameters, we adaptively partition and deploy the workload to heterogeneous devices to reduce computation and memory requirements and increase computing efficiency. We had implemented our partitioning algorithms in Google's TensorFlow and evaluated on an AMD Kaveri system, which is an HSA-based heterogeneous computing system. Our method has effectively reduced the computation time, cache accesses, and cache miss rates, without impacting the accuracy of the learning models. Our approach achieves 66% and 88% speedup for the lenet-5 model and the lenet-1024-1024 model, respectively. For reducing memory traffic, our approach reduces 71% instruction cache references, 32% data cache references. Our system has also improved cache miss rate from 1.6% to 0.5% during the training of the lenet-1024-1024 model.