Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A decision support system for cancer prevalence in South Africa

Cancer is one of the terminal diseases humanity has to deal with today. It affects both old and young, male and female, all races and regions. In this paper, we implement a software system that monitors cancer incidences in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Using a Bayesian network model, the system predicts the likelihood of getting a particular type of Cancer taking into account the causal relationships, which may be gender, race, location of residence, and age group among the variables considered in this work. We collected data of Cancer patients from some of the biggest hospitals in Eastern Cape Province, aggregated, classified and analyzed them using Bayesian network model. The preliminary results show that accurate prevalence rates and prediction of getting any type of Cancer in Eastern Cape Province while residing in any of the districts can be trusted since they are based on actual data. The results of this work can be used by people in deciding where to reside in Eastern Cape Province. The South African government can also utilize it to sensitize people of the prevalence by conducting campaigns in areas mostly affected. We successfully correlated data and computed causal relationship among the variables considered. We attained a prediction rate of 97% accuracy.
Properties of Turtle Motoneurons Effects of Excitatory Modulation on Intrinsic

s, Plateau Potentials and Rhythmic Firing in Motoneurons. An international symposium organized by Enoka RM and Heckman CJ. June 15–17, 2000. See URL: http://www.colorado. edu/kines/BoulderMeeting.html. HORNBY TG, MCDONAGH JC, REINKING RM, AND STUART DG. Associations between the passive, transitional, and active properties of turtle motoneurons. Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg 26: 15–19, 2001a. HORNBY TG, MCDONAGH JC, REINKING RM, AND STUART DG. Motoneurons: a preferred firing range across vertebrate species? Muscle Nerve 25: 632–
Context-dependent relevance of burst and transitions for perceived place in stops: it's in production, not perception

Several studies on place perception of prevocalic stop consonants have shown that the apparent perceptual weight of release burst and formant transitions depends on the vowel context: bursts carry higher perceptual weight in high front vowel contexts like /i/ than in low non-front vowel contexts like /a/, while the reverse holds for formant transitions. This finding is generally interpreted as reflecting a context-dependent "reweighting" of burst and transition cues by the perceptual system. In this paper it is shown that the observed effect can be entirely accounted for by contextual variation of the distributions of the relevant cues themselves: Naturally produced stop bursts appear to be acoustically more distinctive in high front vowel contexts than in low non-front vowel contexts, while the reverse is true for formant transitions. The apparently context-dependent perceptual weight of burst and transitions can be reproduced with such cue distributions, even if the classification model itself contains fixed, context-independent linear boundaries. This claim is supported with acoustical and perceptual data of a burst-splicing experiment involving burst-spliced stop-vowel utterances containing the stops /p, t, k/ and vowels /a, i, y, u/.
Identification and Comparative Studies of Different Volatile Fractions from Monochaetia kansensis by GCMS

Natural products from fungi are reported for various anticancer, antioxidant and other biological activities. So in search for novel bioactives from fungi isolated and identified from infected leaves of Rhododendron sp. Thus the isolated fungus was identified as Monochaetia kansensis, was extracted with variety of solvents of increasing polarity such as chloroform, Dichloromethane and ethylacetate for bioactive compounds extraction and identified by GCMS. In the chloroform extract, hexadecane (91.91%), E-15-Heptadecenal (3.98%) and phenol, 2, 4-bis (1,1- dimethyl ethyl) (1.57%) were identified. Hexadecane is reported for activities such as antibacterial, antioxidant activities. In dichloromethane extract, compounds such as phenol, 2, 4-bis (1, 1- dimethyl ethyl) (55.76%), 1- hexadecene (20.77%), 2-pentene, 3-ethyl, 4, 4- dimethyl (16.99%) and 1- octadecenol (6.48%) was noted. In ethyl acetate fraction, 2- tetradecene (22.00%), cyclodecane (19.39%), phenol, 2, 4-bis (1, 1- dimethyl ethyl) (9.78%), E-15-Heptadecenal (8.70%) and 1-octadene (12.29%) were noted. In all the three extracts, the presence of phenol, 2, 4-bis (1,1- dimethyl ethyl) was observed, where the compound is reported for antibacterial activity. E-15-Heptadecenal was present in both choloroform and ethylacetate extract at percentage of 3.98 and 8.70 respectively. In the chloroform and dichloromethane extracts, 1-hexadecene was observed at percentage of 0.93 and 20.77 respectively. Thus the basic study is focussed to study for the presence of volatile active compounds in the fungi isolated from the infected plant by GCMS.
Image Authentication Based on Modular Embedding

We consider a watermark application to assist in the integrity maintenance and verification of the associated images. There is a great benefit in using WM in the context of authentication since it does not require any additional storage space for supplementary metadata, in contrast with cryptographic signatures, for instance. However there is a fundamental problem in the case of exact authentication: How to embed a signature into a cover message in such a way that it would be possible to restore the watermarked cover image into its original state without any error? There are different approaches to solve this problem. We use the watermarking method consisting of modulo addition of a mark and investigate it in detail. Our contribution lies in investigating different modified techniques of both watermark embedding and detection in order to provide the best reliability of watermark authentication. The simulation results for different types of embedders and detectors in combination with the pictures of watermarked images are given.
A Smart Phone Healthcare Monitoring System for Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate

A healthcare monitoring system on smart phone is implemented. This paper describes the proposed solution's realization. The system consists of a pulse oximeter, a compact transmission board with a microprocessor and an Android smart phone. Current commercially available Pulse Oximeter is used to detect users' heart beat rate (HR) and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and then two parameters are transferred to the transmission board through a serial-like port. To convert analog form into digital form and make signal become accessible data for further manipulation, some necessary signal processing is carried on board. Data rooted in the processed signal are sent to an Android smart phone with USB port. There is an application running on the mobile phone to receive data from its USB port, calculate data and display results. The use of smart phone brings great convenience to carry it one and make cost become much lower because there is no need for an independent display screen.
Incidence of hypo- and hypercarbia in severe traumatic brain injury before and after 2003 pediatric guidelines*

Objective: To examine the incidence of severe hypocarbia (Paco2 <30 mm Hg) in patients with severe pediatric traumatic brain injury before and after publication of the 2003 pediatric guidelines (PG). Design: Retrospective cohort analysis. Setting: Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington (January 1, 1995, to December 31, 2005). Patients: Children <15 yrs of age with severe pediatric traumatic brain injury. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: The pre-PG group (before August 1, 2003) included 375 patients and the post-PG group included 89 patients. Post PG guidelines, there was a trend toward earlier (45 vs. 32 mins; p = .05) and more frequent (7.1 vs. 8.4 samples; p = .06) Paco2 sampling within 48 hrs of admission. Children 0–2 yrs had a longer time (75.0 mins) between admission and first Paco2 sample than older children (44.3 mins; p < .01). The youngest children also had the highest incidence of severe hypocarbia on the first Paco2 sample (31% vs. 19%; p = .02). Incidence of severe hypocarbia was high and did not decline (60% vs. 52%; p = .2) after the PG guidelines. However, over the 11 yrs, the odds of severe hypocarbia decreased (adjusted odds ratio 0.9; 95% confidence interval 0.84–0.96). During both periods, the incidence of severe hypocarbia was highest during the first 2 hrs after hospital admission. Intracranial pressure monitors were used more frequently post-PG. In 62 of 82 (77%) patients with severe hypocarbia in whom an intracranial pressure monitor was in place, the preceding intracranial pressure was <20 mm Hg. Severe hypocarbia independently predicted inpatient mortality (adjusted odds ratio 2.8; 95% confidence interval 1.3–5.9). Conclusions: Although Paco2 sampling was more frequent during the post-PG period and severe hypocarbia decreased during successive study years, the incidence of severe hypocarbia remained high during the first 48 hrs after hospital admission during the post-PG period. Time to Paco2 sampling was longer in young children and associated with more severe hypocarbia. The presence of severe hypocarbia predicted mortality.
Cognitive, affective and conative responses to visual simulation: the effects of rotation in online product presentation

Rotation, one type of visual simulation used to create three-dimensional (3-D) experiences, and currently being used for product presentation on some e-tail websites, may create consumer responses. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of rotation in product presentation on the cognitive, affective, and conative responses of consumers. This study employed a single-factor between-subjects design: product presentation (rotating vs. non-rotating). Causal model analysis showed the influence of rotation in product presentation on perceived information quantity, mood, attitude, and purchase intention. Theoretical and managerial implications, as well as future research directions, are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance of the binary compensation unit for cryogenic current comparators

The binary compensation unit for PTB's resistance measurement bridge based on a cryogenic current comparator (CCC) is successfully operated for about three years now. In this contribution we focus on the stability of the compensation unit as investigated in a series of calibrations in 20-weeks intervals. As an example of the versatility, we present experimental data from the calibration of a 100 Ω normal resistor against the quantum Hall resistance (QHR) for different numbers-of-turns and compensation settings. The consistency of these results is a proof of the quality of this module.
Method for Image Restoration using Wavelet based Image Fusion

With the increase demand of better image quality lot of image processing algorithms are designed. In this paper we described a method to remove the motion blur present in the image taken form any cameras. Motion blur is the result of the relative motion between the camera and the scene during image exposure time, this includes both camera and scene objects motion. The aim of image restoration is to reconstruct or estimate an uncorrupted image by using the degraded version of the same image. [2] The most closely related research can be found in Blind deconvolution, and Wiener filter methods, They adopts regularized iteration to restore the degraded image. This work proposes the implementation of Wiener filter with Image fusion to reduce the computational complexity with better acceptable restoration results of image restoration method. The performance of the every stage is tabulated for the parameters like SNR and RMSE of the restored images.
Mast Cell Chemotaxis – Chemoattractants and Signaling Pathways

Migration of mast cells is essential for their recruitment within target tissues where they play an important role in innate and adaptive immune responses. These processes rely on the ability of mast cells to recognize appropriate chemotactic stimuli and react to them by a chemotactic response. Another level of intercellular communication is attained by production of chemoattractants by activated mast cells, which results in accumulation of mast cells and other hematopoietic cells at the sites of inflammation. Mast cells express numerous surface receptors for various ligands with properties of potent chemoattractants. They include the stem cell factor (SCF) recognized by c-Kit, antigen, which binds to immunoglobulin E (IgE) anchored to the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI), highly cytokinergic (HC) IgE recognized by FcεRI, lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which binds to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Other large groups of chemoattractants are eicosanoids [prostaglandin E2 and D2, leukotriene (LT) B4, LTD4, and LTC4, and others] and chemokines (CC, CXC, C, and CX3C), which also bind to various GPCRs. Further noteworthy chemoattractants are isoforms of transforming growth factor (TGF) β1–3, which are sensitively recognized by TGF-β serine/threonine type I and II β receptors, adenosine, C1q, C3a, and C5a components of the complement, 5-hydroxytryptamine, neuroendocrine peptide catestatin, tumor necrosis factor-α, and others. Here we discuss the major types of chemoattractants recognized by mast cells, their target receptors, as well as signaling pathways they utilize. We also briefly deal with methods used for studies of mast cell chemotaxis and with ways of how these studies profited from the results obtained in other cellular systems.
Exercise intensity and longevity in men. The Harvard Alumni Health Study.

OBJECTIVE To examine the independent associations of vigorous (> or = 6 resting metabolic rate [MET] score) and nonvigorous (< 6 MET score) physical activity with longevity. DESIGN Prospective cohort study, following up men from 1962 or 1966 through 1988. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Subjects were Harvard University alumni, without self-reported, physician-diagnosed cardiovascular disease, cancer, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 17,321). Men with a mean age of 46 years reported their physical activities on questionnaires at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE All-cause mortality (3728 deaths). RESULTS Total energy expenditure and energy expenditure from vigorous activities, but not energy expenditure from nonvigorous activities, related inversely to mortality. After adjustment for potential confounders, the relative risks of dying associated with increasing quintiles of total energy expenditure were 1.00 (referent), 0.94, 0.95, 0.91 and 0.91, respectively (P [trend] < .05). The relative risks of dying associated with less than 630, 630 to less than 1680, 1680 to less than 3150, 3150 to less than 6300, and 6300 or more kJ/wk expended on vigorous activities were 1.00 (referent), 0.88, 0.92, 0.87, and 0.87, respectively (P [trend] = .007). Corresponding relative risks for energy expended on nonvigorous activities were 1.00 (referent), 0.89, 1.00, 0.98, and 0.92, respectively (P [trend] = .36). Analyses of vigorous and nonvigorous activities were mutually adjusted. Among men who reported only vigorous activities (259 deaths), we observed decreasing age-standardized mortality rates with increasing activity (P = .05); among men who reported only nonvigorous activities (380 deaths), no trend was apparent (P = .99). CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate a graded inverse relationship between total physical activity and mortality. Furthermore, vigorous activities but not nonvigorous activities were associated with longevity. These findings pertain only to all-cause mortality; nonvigorous exercise has been shown to benefit other aspects of health.
Ethical leadership and crime prevention in the organizational setting

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show the qualitative shift from a “traditional way”, to understand the conditioning factors of corporate crime to a “principled” approach.Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyzes the conditioning factors elaborated by the traditional approach and the basic crime prevention strategies that followed from such an approach; also, the basic concepts of the “principled” approach are analyzed as they give a qualitatively new understanding of crime prevention strategies.Findings – The paper finds that a qualitative shift emerged from 1990 to 2006, insofar as the basic conditioning factors have substantially been modified (the “principled approach”). The most relevant concepts for crime prevention are now national culture, transformational leadership, moral courage and organizational transparency.Originality/value – The paper presents a principled approach to crime prevention strategies as adding relevant ideas and concepts to the traditional approach.
Mobile manipulation in cluttered environments with humanoids: Integrated perception, task planning, and action execution

To autonomously carry out complex mobile manipulation tasks, a robot control system has to integrate several components for perception, world modeling, action planning and replanning, navigation, and manipulation. In this paper, we present a modular framework that is based on the Temporal Fast Downward Planner and supports external modules to control the robot. This allows to tightly integrate individual sub-systems with the high-level symbolic planner and enables a humanoid robot to solve challenging mobile manipulation tasks. In the work presented here, we address mobile manipulation with humanoids in cluttered environments, particularly the task of collecting objects and delivering them to designated places in a home-like environment while clearing obstacles out of the way. We implemented our system for a Nao humanoid tidying up a room, i.e., the robot has to collect items scattered on the floor, move obstacles out of its way, and deliver the objects to designated target locations. Despite the limited sensing and motion capabilities of the low-cost platform, the experiments show that our approach results in reliable task execution by applying monitoring actions to verify object and robot states.
Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease.

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal complications are an important problem of antithrombotic therapy. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are believed to decrease the risk of such complications, though no randomized trial has proved this in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy. Recently, concerns have been raised about the potential for PPIs to blunt the efficacy of clopidogrel. METHODS We randomly assigned patients with an indication for dual antiplatelet therapy to receive clopidogrel in combination with either omeprazole or placebo, in addition to aspirin. The primary gastrointestinal end point was a composite of overt or occult bleeding, symptomatic gastroduodenal ulcers or erosions, obstruction, or perforation. The primary cardiovascular end point was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, revascularization, or stroke. The trial was terminated prematurely when the sponsor lost financing. RESULTS We planned to enroll about 5000 patients; a total of 3873 were randomly assigned and 3761 were included in analyses. In all, 51 patients had a gastrointestinal event; the event rate was 1.1% with omeprazole and 2.9% with placebo at 180 days (hazard ratio with omeprazole, 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18 to 0.63; P<0.001). The rate of overt upper gastrointestinal bleeding was also reduced with omeprazole as compared with placebo (hazard ratio, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.56; P = 0.001). A total of 109 patients had a cardiovascular event, with event rates of 4.9% with omeprazole and 5.7% with placebo (hazard ratio with omeprazole, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.68 to 1.44; P = 0.96); high-risk subgroups did not show significant heterogeneity. The two groups did not differ significantly in the rate of serious adverse events, though the risk of diarrhea was increased with omeprazole. CONCLUSIONS Among patients receiving aspirin and clopidogrel, prophylactic use of a PPI reduced the rate of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. There was no apparent cardiovascular interaction between clopidogrel and omeprazole, but our results do not rule out a clinically meaningful difference in cardiovascular events due to use of a PPI. (Funded by Cogentus Pharmaceuticals; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00557921.).
Functional analysis of parvin and different modes of IPP-complex assembly at integrin sites during Drosophila development

Summary Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), PINCH and parvin constitute the tripartite IPP complex that maintains the integrin–actin link at embryonic muscle attachment sites (MASs) in Drosophila. Here we showed that parvin null mutants in Drosophila exhibit defects in muscle adhesion, similar to ILK and PINCH mutants. Furthermore, the identical muscle phenotype of the triple mutant, which for the first time in any organism removed the entire IPP-complex function, genetically demonstrated that parvin, ILK and PINCH function synergistically. This is consistent with the tight localization of the tripartite complex at sites of integrin adhesion, namely MASs in the developing embryo and focal-contact-like structures in the wing epithelium. Parvin contains tandem unconventional calponin-homology (CH) domains separated by a linker sequence, and a less-well conserved N-terminal region. In vivo structure–function analysis revealed that all the domains are essential for parvin function, whereas recruitment at integrin adhesion sites is mediated by two localization signals: one located within the CH2 domain as previously reported, and a second novel signal within the CH1 domain. Interestingly, this site is masked by the linker region between the two CH domains, suggesting a regulatory mechanism to control parvin localization. Finally, whereas in muscles only ILK controls the stability and localization of both PINCH and parvin, in the wing epithelium the three proteins mutually depend on each other. Thus molecular differences exist in the assembly properties of IPP complex in specific tissues during development, where differential modulation of the integrin connection to the cytoskeleton is required.
Evidence on Training and Career Paths: Human Capital, Information and Incentives

In this paper, I analyse the relationship between job-related training and career progress of workers. Most theories of career paths and task assignment rely on human capital accumulation. Therefore, it seems natural to start assessing the empirical validity of such theories by analysing the effect of training on the career progress of an individual. I use the sample of workers from twelve waves of the BHPS (1991-2002) to study the impact of training over the probability of making a career-improving move, using both between-groups and within-group panel data estimators. I find that job-related training received by female workers boosts significantly their chances of being promoted in the next future, while leaving virtually unaffected the chances of male workers. Then, I investigate how do training and promotion jointly influence wage growth. The results show that their interaction is, if any, positive. Additional evidence confirms that the career path of female workers seem to be importantly affected by the market value of their human capital, while that of men might be more affected by the role of promotion systems as mechanisms devised to provide incentives.