Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histomorphometrical evaluation of tibial subchondral bone after moderate running in male and female Wistar rats.

Exercise has been shown to be beneﬁcial to the skeleton, in both humans and animals. This study was done to test the sex-related difference in the risk of OA (osteoarthritis) of the knee joint and also on the subchondral bone after moderate running exercise. Forty male and female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups (2 male and 2 female groups) in a same condition. Ten of each sex were selected as control groups, while running exercises were performed in remained 20 male and female rats using a motor treadmill to motivate rats to run daily distances of 1 km at 5 days/week within six weeks. On day 43, all animals were sacrificed and the knee articular cartilage and also histomorphometric parameters of subchondral bone and mid shaft of tibia were evaluated. Results showed mild OA in both male and female runner groups. Results in male runner rats were significantly lesser than that in female runners. On the other hand, the difference in female runner group showed significant changes in comparison with other groups in histomorphometric parameters in tibia. Obtained results showed that the development of knee OA and subchondral bone changes may be related to the sex differences. Although there was no synovitis in male runners but female runner group showed mild hyperemia dropsy with a moderate synovitis in this region.
PolSAR Image Classification Based-On Semi-Supervised Polarimetric Feature Selection

Abundant polarimetirc features have been used for PolSAR image classification. However, it is almost impossible to utilize all polarimetric features for classification, which may result in an unsatisfactory classification performance. Moreover, labeling samples in PolSAR images is costly and laborious. Therefore, we propose a semi-supervised polarimetric feature selection method for PolSAR image classification, which can utilize a small number of labeled samples and plentiful unlabeled samples. Specifically, the discriminative information of labeled samples is maintained by maximum margin criterion (MMC) based on the within-class scatter matrix and between-class scatter matrix. The manifold regularization is used to preserve the local structure of all samples as well as the label information. Moreover, the l2,1 norm sparsity regularization is added for feature selection. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the classification performance comparatively.
Editorial: State of the art research into Cognitive Load Theory

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Impact of multi-GPUs and hyperparameters on parallel algorithms based on pytorch distributed

Neural networks, as powerful models for solving many genuine problems, are suffering from the issue of being too computationally intensive due to the excessive size of the models themselves and the large datasets used for training. This paper’s work focuses on a parallel algorithm, experimented on the classical convolutional neural network LeNet-5, aiming to reduce the time it takes for the neural network to train. This applies a massively parallel GPU structure to take full advantage of its high computing power. Among the approaches to improve the performance of parallel algorithms, many efforts have been made to improve the design of parallel structures, while this work focuses more on the enhancement of parallel algorithms by reasonable settings of neural network hyperparameters. This paper tries to approach (1) reducing the running time by testing parallelism with different numbers of GPUs and (2) further investigating the relationship between parallelism and model accuracy degradation and experimentally deriving a parallel scheme that can reduce the training time while guaranteeing accuracy.
Modeling and Optimization of LoRa Networks under Multiple Constraints

With the access of massive terminals of the Internet of Things (IoT), the low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN) applications represented by Long Range Radio (LoRa) will grow extensively in the future. The specific Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) protocol within the LoRa network considers both low power consumption and long-range communication. It can optimize data transmission to achieve low communication latency, ensuring a responsive system and a favorable user experience. However, due to the limited resources in LoRa networks, if certain terminals have heavy traffic loads, it may result in unfair impacts on other terminals, leading to increased data transmission latency and disrupted operations for other terminals. Therefore, effectively optimizing resource allocation in LoRa networks has become a key issue in enhancing LoRa transmission performance. In this paper, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is proposed to minimize network energy consumption under the maximization of user fairness as the optimization goal, which considers the constraints in the system to achieve adaptive resource allocation for spreading factor and transmission power. In addition, an efficient algorithm is proposed to solve this optimization problem by combining the Gurobi mathematical solver and heuristic genetic algorithm. The numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the number of packet collisions, effectively minimize network energy consumption, as well as offering favorable fairness among terminals.
Understanding the management challenges associated with the implementation of the Physically Active Teaching & Learning (PATL) Pedagogy: A Case study of three Isle of Wight Primary Schools

Enabled partly by government policies by the Department for Culture Media and Sport, some schools are beginning to shift towards promoting a physical activity culture which complements the traditional PE and school sports provision. For many, this entails using physical activity as modality to promote academic performance. Physically Active Teaching and Learning (PATL) is one approach which has been adopted by schools on the Isle of Wight (UK) as part of a holistic island-wide intervention aimed at increasing pupil’s educational attainment, health and wellbeing. To gain an in-depth understanding of PATL and examine the management implications of its implementation, this paper draws on qualitative data collected from three primary schools on the Isle of Wight. Overall, the paper supports PATL pedagogies as a holistic and joined-up policy response however, critical conversations are crucial for unravelling and unlocking collaborative solutions when discussing physical activity in schools.
Comparative expression analysis of sucrose phosphate synthase gene family in a low and high sucrose Pakistani sugarcane cultivars

Sugarcane is the world’s largest cultivated crop by biomass and is the main source of sugar and biofuel. Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) enzymes are directly involved in the synthesis of sucrose. Here, we analyzed and compared one of the important gene families involved in sucrose metabolism in a high and low sucrose sugarcane cultivar. A comprehensive in silico analysis of the SoSPS family displayed their phylogenetic relationship, gene and protein structure, miRNA targets, protein interaction network (PPI), gene ontology and collinearity. This was followed by a spatial expression analysis in two different sugarcane varieties. The phylogenetic reconstruction distributed AtSPS, ZmSPS, OsSPS, SoSPS and SbSPS into three main groups (A, B, C). The regulatory region of SoSPS genes carries ABRE, ARE, G-box, and MYC as the most dominant cis-regulatory elements. The PPI analysis predicted a total of 14 unique proteins interacting with SPS. The predominant expression of SPS in chloroplast clearly indicates that they are the most active in the organelle which is the hub of photosynthesis. Similarly, gene ontology attributed SPS to sucrose phosphate synthase and glucosyl transferase molecular functions, as well as sucrose biosynthetic and disaccharide biological processes. Overall, the expression of SPS in CPF252 (high sucrose variety) was higher in leaf and culm as compared to that of CPF 251 (low sucrose variety). In brief, this study adds to the present literature about sugarcane, sucrose metabolism and role of SPS in sucrose metabolism thereby opening up further avenues of research in crop improvement.
Effect of Birch Sap as Solvent and Source of Bioactive Compounds in Casein and Gelatine Films

Birch sap consists of a natural water-based solution with valuable compounds such as minerals, sugars, organic acids and phenolic compounds that can be used advantageously in the preparation of edible films. In this study, gelatine- and casein-based films were prepared using birch sap as biopolymer solvent and source of bioactive compounds with the aim of developing new bioactive materials for food packaging. The physical, mechanical, barrier, antioxidant and iron-chelating properties of the obtained films were investigated. Birch sap enhanced the mechanical properties of the films by increasing puncture strength and flexibility, as well as their ultraviolet–visible light barrier properties. In addition, the presence of bioactive compounds endowed the birch sap films with an antioxidant capacity of almost 90% and an iron-chelating capacity of 40–50% with respect to the control films. Finally, to test these films as food packaging material, a photosensitive curcumin solution was packed and exposed to ultraviolet light. Tested films were able to protect curcumin against photodegradation, and the presence of bioactive compounds inside the birch-sap-enriched materials offered an additional 10% photoprotective effect compared to control films. Results showed the potential of birch sap as an environmentally friendly biopolymer solvent and plasticizer that can improve the mechanical and photoprotective properties of the prepared materials.
Cardiac safety assessment of a novel recombinant bispecific antibody targeting the ether-à-go-go related gene 1 (hERG1)-β1 integrin macromolecular complex

Introduction: In the last decades, mounting evidence has pointed out the human ether-á-go-go–related gene (hERG1) potassium channel as a novel biomarker in human cancers. However, hERG1 sustains the cardiac repolarizing current IKr and its blockade can induce a prolonged QT interval at the ECG, which increases the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. This represents a major hindrance for targeting hERG1 for antineoplastic therapeutic purposes. Based on our discovery that hERG1 resides in a macromolecular complex with the β1 subunit of integrin adhesion receptors only in tumors, and not in the heart, we generated (and patented WO2019/015936) a novel engineered, single chain, bispecific antibody in the format of a diabody (scDb-hERG1-β1). This antibody has been proven to target with high affinity the hERG1/β1 integrin complex and to exert a good antineoplastic activity in preclinical mouse models. Methods: In the present study, we evaluated the cardiac safety of the scDb-hERG1-β1, determining the action potential duration (APD) of human cardiomyocytes, either atrial (from valve-disease patients) or ventricular (from aortic stenosis patients). Cardiac cells were incubated in vitro with i) the scDb-hERG1-β1, ii) the full length anti-hERG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb-hERG1) and iii) its single chain Fragment variable derivative (scFv-hERG1), from which the scDb-hERG1-β1 was assembled. All the tests were performed before and after treatment with the specific hERG1 blocker E4031. In addition, we have performed preliminary experiments, analyzing the effects of the scDb-hERG1/β1 in vivo measuring the QT interval length of the surface ECG after its injection intravenously in farm-pigs. Results: The scDb-hERG1-β1 did not produce any lengthening of APD compared to control (vehicle) conditions, either in atrial or ventricular cardiomyocytes, whereas both the hERG1-mAb and the scFv-hERG1 produced a significant APD prolongation. The addition of E4031 further prolonged APD. The scDb-hERG1-β1 did not produce any alterations of the QT (and QTc) interval values, once injected intravenously in farm pigs. Discussion: Overall, the above evidences plead for the cardiac safety of the scDb-hERG1-β1, suggesting that an application of this antibody for anti-cancer therapy will be untainted by cardiotoxicity.
Diffusion Models-based Data Augmentation for the Cell Cycle Phase Classification

For biological research, sample size imbalance is common due to the nature of the research subjects. For example, in the study of the cell cycle phase, the sample size of dividing cells is also much smaller due to the extremely short duration of the mitotic phase compared to the interphase. Data augmentation using image generative models is an excellent way to address insufficient sample size and imbalanced distribution. In addition to the GAN-like models that have been extensively applied, the diffusion model, as an emerging model, has shown extraordinary performance in the field of image generation. This experiment uses the diffusion model as a means of image data enhancement. The experimental results expose that the performance of the classifier with data augmentation is significantly improved compared with the original dataset, and the positive predictive value is increased from about 0.7 to more than 0.9. The results reveal that the diffusion model has a good application prospect in the area of data enhancement and can effectively solve the problem of insufficient data or unbalanced sample size.
Contingency Clarification Protocols for Reliable Counter-Drone Operation

Counter-drone technology plays a vital role in protecting airspace against unwanted and malicious drones. Counter-drone systems increasingly rely on unmanned traffic management services, such as remote identification and flight authorization enforcement, for the detection and mitigation of unauthorized activities on the part of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). These services support automated drone identification and verification of the drone activity's compliance before taking any enforcement action. Available drone identification standards, such as ASTM F3411-22 for drone remote identification (DRI), specify key requirements for entities involved in UAV operations. However, DRI systems can fail for many technical and nontechnical reasons related to the drone itself, its operator, the identification system, other involved service suppliers, or the communication between these actors. On the other hand, experience has shown that even licensed drone operators can violate permitted flight parameters mistakenly or for unavoidable reasons. In such contingency situations, the counter-drone system should perform additional checks and interact with relevant agents before classifying the drone as illegal and taking action against it. This article presents a set of protocols to formalize the interaction between the counter-drone system and relevant agents to clarify possible failures and violations. The goal is to complement current DRI systems mitigating the effect of erroneous drone identification and supporting reliable decision-making. The simulation of worst-case scenarios shows that executing the clarification protocols takes just a few seconds, and this delay is only notable in situations where immediate action is required to neutralize illegal drones.
Association Between Health and Levels of Health Literacy in 13- to 16-Year-Old Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Lebanon

The study assessed health literacy (HL) in Lebanese adolescents and its associations with health during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample of 228 adolescents (63.1% female), 15.5 ± 1.5 years, took the survey. Data was collected between May and September 2020. The questionnaire consisted of the Health Literacy for School-Aged Children (HLSAC) scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) assessment, sociodemographic characteristics, and health-related variables. Around 84.6% had low to moderate HL. Adolescents with moderate HL were more likely to spend more than 2 hours on sedentary behavior (OR = 0.3, 95% CI [0.1, 0.9]) and smoke (OR = 0.3, 95% CI [0.1, 0.8]). Adolescents with high HL had lower odds of having moderate to severe anxiety (OR = 0.2, 95% CI [0.1, 0.8]) and excess body weight (OR = 0.1, 95% CI [0.4, 0.5]). Adolescents with high HL had higher odds of having good to excellent health (OR = 1.2, 95% CI [0.4, 3.7]). Interventions to strengthen HL must be implemented with a focus on at-risk adolescents.
Meteorite impact craters on Earth : major shock-induced effects in rocks and minerals

The basic principles of the physics of shock waves are summarised, showing how shock pressures, shock and post-shock temperatures, and shock durations s can be estimated in the case of large meteorite impacts on Earth. In a second part, the pertinence of laboratory high-pressure dynamic experiments for simulating large meteorite impact events and for calibrating their physical conditions is discussed. It is concluded that most shock features are common to natural and laboratory shocks, although the lifetime of experimental shocked states is shorter by several orders of magnitude. Then, a review is made of the major shock effects observed in minerals and rocks. Quartz has been, by far, the most extensively studied shocked mineral. Particularly, planar deformation features (PDFs), interpreted as resulting from relaxations at the shock front, are unambiguous shock indicators, for shock pressures approximately between 15 and 35 GPa. At higher pressures, the formation of high-pressure polymorphs of SiO 2 in shocked quartz is also discussed. Shock effects in some other selected minerals, although less extensively studied, are also reviewed, with special emphasis on the discovery of diamonds at impact sites and of all the high-pressure polymorphs of olivines and pyroxenes, including silicate perovskite, in shocked meteorites. Finally, the controversial links between large impacts and major environmental effects are discussed in a fourth part.
Refined Estimation of Earthquake Source Parameters: Methods, Applications and Scaling Relationships

The objective of this work of thesis is the refined estimations of source parameters. To such a purpose we used two different approaches, one in the frequency domain and the other in the time domain. In frequency domain, we analyzed the P- and S-wave displacement spectra to estimate spectral parameters, that is corner frequencies and low frequency spectral amplitudes. We used a parametric modeling approach which is combined with a multi-step, non-linear inversion strategy and includes the correction for attenuation and site effects. The iterative multi-step procedure was applied to about 700 microearthquakes in the moment range 1011-1014 N•m and recorded at the dense, wide-dynamic range, seismic networks operating in Southern Apennines (Italy). The analysis of the source parameters is often complicated when we are not able to model the propagation accurately. In this case the empirical Green function approach is a very useful tool to study the seismic source properties. In fact the Empirical Green Functions (EGFs) consent to represent the contribution of propagation and site effects to signal without using approximate velocity models. An EGF is a recorded three-component set of time-histories of a small earthquake whose source mechanism and propagation path are similar to those of the master event. Thus, in time domain, the deconvolution method of Vallee (2004) was applied to calculate the source time functions (RSTFs) and to accurately estimate source size and rupture velocity. This technique was applied to 1) large event, that is Mw=6.3 2009 L’Aquila mainshock (Central Italy), 2) moderate events, that is cluster of earthquakes of 2009 L’Aquila sequence with moment magnitude ranging between 3 and 5.6, 3) small event, i.e. Mw=2.9 Laviano mainshock (Southern Italy).
How emotionally intelligent employees manage their internal employability through role-based job crafting? – evidence from public sector enterprises

ABSTRACT Acknowledging the relevance of work environment in influencing job-related choices, this paper examines the relationship between emotional intelligence, role-based job crafting i.e. task, relational and cognitive crafting, job autonomy and internal employability. The role of job autonomy as a moderator and role-based job crafting as mediator between emotional intelligence and internal employability has also been examined. The study was conducted on 296 managers working in Indian public sector enterprises and found interesting findings including a positive and direct effect of emotional intelligence on all three forms of role-based job crafting and internal employability. The results for mediation effect of job crafting and moderation effect of job autonomy varied depending upon the form of role-based job crafting. The paper discusses theoretical implications and practical relevance of these findings and may provide a direction for interlinking job demands-resources and conservation of resource theories.
Numerical study of flow structure (mixing process and reactivity) of diluted hydrogen non-premixed supersonic combustion system

Numerical simulation of supersonic combustion with transverse hydrogen injection is performed by solving the three-dimensional Favre-averaged Navier–Stokes equations coupled by the k ω− turbulence model. These equations are solved using an algorithm that is based on the third-order essentially nonoscillatory scheme. Several cases of the jet compositions (pure hydrogen and hydrogen diluted by nitrogen in 50:50 mol%) are considered to study the influence of the composition onto the structure and reactivity of the supersonic combustion systems. Seven step modified version of Spark model developed by Jachimowski is implemented to model chemical reaction of hydrogen combustion, which performs quite well in the considered relatively high temperatures. The simulation revealed that the jet penetration heights are equal for both cases, and the hydrodynamic fields looked similar except for the temperatures of the zones located ahead and behind the jet injection. The chemical reaction zone, indicated by OH radicals, was more intense for the pure hydrogen case, occupying a narrow region along the oblique shock wave line. In contrast, the use of a hydrogen/nitrogen jet mixture resulted in a significantly wider flame front zone. This suggests that the presence of nitrogen in the mixture diluted the hydrogen concentration, leading to slower combustion. The study shows that the flow properties and reactivity of the mixture significantly changing with the dilutions of the fuel composition.