Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
METHODS FOR RECOGNITION OF INTERFERON-INDUCIBLE SITES, PROMOTERS, AND ENHANCERS

Motivation: Combination of computer-assisted genome annotation with the large-scale experimental research is helpful for determination of the functions of genes, which are not studied yet. The task of searching for target genes of interferon (IFN) induction is of intense interest. IFNs modulate the operating of immune system, they exert antiviral, antibacterial and antitumoral effect. An important impact in functioning of interferon system is produced by transcription factors ISGF3, STAT1, and IRF1. Results: By analyzing localization of binding sites of 20 various transcription factors in regulatory regions of genes referring to different functional groups, it was estimated that the regions from -500 to transcription start site of IFN-inducible genes are enriched by the binding sites for transcription factors ISGF3, STAT1, and IRF1. We have developed the methods of recognition of these transcription factor binding sites, as well as the methods of recognition of IFN-inducible promoters and enhancers.
Active displacement transfer and differential block motion within the central Walker Lane, western Great Basin

Velocities determined for 50 global positioning system sites within the central Walker Lane indicate differential motion among tectonic blocks forming a boundary zone between the Great Basin extensional province and the Sierra Nevada. The velocity field is related to displacement transfer from the Owens Valley and Furnace Creek fault systems of east- ern California to transtensional structures of the Walker Lane and extensional faults of the central Nevada seismic belt. Block boundaries are sharp and appear to be inherited from pre-Tertiary crustal structure. The block geometries exert strong influence on dif- ferential displacements concentrated along boundaries as belts of divergent, transcurrent, and convergent motion. The aggregate velocity accounts for about 25% of the relative motion between the Pacific and North American plates. About 5 mm/yr of the motion is localized along the eastern margin of the Sierra Nevada, whereas about 10 mm/yr is stepped 100 km east along a belt of east-northeast-trending transtensional faults that merge with northwest-trending transcurrent structures of the Walker Lane. About 6 mm/ yr of the velocity field is transferred to north-northeast-trending extensional faults of the central Nevada seismic belt. The heterogeneous distribution of motions is consistent with partitioning of a regional velocity field formed by westward extension and N408W-directed shear.
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology July 2 0 1 4 , Vol. 3 5 , N O . S2 Strategies to Prevent Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Transmission and Infection in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update

PURPOSE Previously published guidelines are available that provide comprehensive recommendations for detecting and preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The intent of this document is to highlight practical recommendations in a concise format designed to assist acute care hospitals in implementing and prioritizing their methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevention efforts. This document updates "Strategies to Prevent Transmission of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Acute Care Hospitals," 1 published in 2008. This expert guidance document is sponsored by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and is the product of a collaborative effort led by SHEA, the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise. The list of endorsing and supporting organizations is presented in the introduction to the 2014 updates. I. HAIs caused by MRSA in acute-care facilities are common A. In the United States, the proportion of hospital-associated S. aureus infections resistant to methicillin remains high. 1. The most recent data from the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) reports that, from 2009 to 2010, 54.6% of S. aureus central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), 58.7% of S. aureus catheter-associated urinary tract infections, 48.4% of S. aureus ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) episodes , and 43.7% of S. aureus surgical site infections (SSIs) were caused by MRSA. 3,4 2. Compared with data from 2007 and 2008, the proportions caused by MRSA are lower for each of the HAIs, significantly so for VAP and SSI. Additionally, from 2005 through 2011, rates of hospital-onset in-vasive MRSA infections reportedly decreased 54.2%, with the greatest decreases for BSIs. 5,6 In contrast, among pediatric populations, from 2005 to 2010, there were no significant reductions in healthcare-associated MRSA infections. 7 3. Although these findings suggest some success in preventing healthcare-associated MRSA transmission and infection, many patient groups continue to be at risk. II. Outcomes associated with MRSA HAIs A. MRSA HAIs have been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. 8 " 10 Although some investigators have found no difference in morbidity and mortality when comparing infections due to methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) to those due to MRSA, 11,12 some studies comparing patients with MSSA bacteremia to those with MRSA bacteremia have reported nearly twice the mortality rate, significantly longer hospital stays, and significantly higher median hospital costs for MRSA.
Model-based sea surface scattering analysis for the DWH oil spill accident case

This study proposed a novel method to analyze slick-free and oil covered sea surface backscattering in the special case of Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill accident based on combination of tilted Bragg scattering and volume scattering components. The DWH accident represents a particular and challenging case due to the very large amount of leaked oil that came from the bottom of the ocean. The proposed scattering model consists of first estimate the large scale tilting angle of sea surface Bragg scattering mechanism and then of the retrieval, through its linear relationship with the relative dielectric constant, of oil-insea volume concentration. Finally, Bragg and volume scattering components can be estimated which provide useful information for a better understanding of i) the sea surface status and ii) the weak-damping properties the leaked oil due to purification/emulsification phenomena. The model is tested considering actual UAVSAR L-band fully-polarimetric SAR data.
Assessment of Water Pollution of Kowsar Dam Reservoir

The reservoir of Kowsar dam supply water for different usages such as aquaculture farms , drinking, agricultural and industrial usages for some provinces in south of Iran. The Kowsar dam is located next to the city of Dehdashat in Kohgiluye and Boyerahmad province in southern Iran. There are some towns and villages on the Kowsar dam watersheds, which Dehdasht and Choram are the most important and populated twons in this area, which can to be sources of pollution for water reservoir of the Kowsar dam . This study was done to determine of water pollution of the Kowsar dam reservoir which is one of the most important water resources of Kohkiloye and Boyerahmad and Bushehr provinces in south-west Iran. In this study , water samples during 12 months were collected to examine Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Dissolved Oxygen(DO) as a criterion for evaluation of water pollution of the reservoir. In summary ,the study has shown Maximum, average and minimum levels of BOD have observed 25.9 ,9.15 and 2.3 mg/L respectively and statistical parameters of data such as standard deviation , variance and skewness have calculated 7.88, 62 and 1.54 respectively. Finally the results were compared with Iranian national standards. Among the analyzed samples, as the maximum value of BOD (25.9 mg/L) was observed at the May 2010 , was within the maximum admissible limits by the Iranian standards. Keywords—Kowsar dam, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, water pollution
Decision-support systems for sustainable urban planning

The question of urban sustainability becomes more and more pressing with regard to the scarcity of urban environmental resources such as ground, air, water, etc. Thus, planners are confronted with the necessity of taking into account impacts typically analysed by other disciplines. Decision-support systems (DSS) have been developed to introduce multiple inter-disciplinary aspects to the planning process in this complex decision environment. To illustrate the role of DSS applications in the processes of decision making in today's urban planning, this paper first introduces a select set of approaches to modelling the urban environment and the interaction of actors at different levels of decision making; then a select set of evaluation methods is presented to obtain a more complete simulation of urban dynamics; finally the process of translating the conceptual model of the problem and the decision space into DSS information technology is introduced.
Establishing Good Practices for Exposure–Response Analysis of Clinical Endpoints in Drug Development

This tutorial aims at promoting good practices for exposure–response (E‐R) analyses of clinical endpoints in drug development. The focus is on practical aspects of E‐R analyses to assist modeling scientists with a process of performing such analyses in a consistent manner across individuals and projects and tailored to typical clinical drug development decisions. This includes general considerations for planning, conducting, and visualizing E‐R analyses, and how these are linked to key questions.
Effect of Intermittent Systemic Corticosteroid on Bone Metabolism in Bronchial Asthma Patients

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect on bone mineral density (BMD) of systemic corticosteroid (SCS) intermittently administered for rescue from asthmatic exacerbation. Through digital image processing and calculation of four other indices, BMD was compared in groups of asthmatic patients receiving inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) alone or ICS plus intermittent SCS. We defined SCS as intermittent administration of the equivalent of 1 mg/day prednisolone in the management of asthma exacerbations during the previous 1 year. Serum NTX, a bone resorption marker, was significantly higher (p = 0.02) in the SCS group than the ICS group. SCS had no effect on BMD, although the frequency of patients at “high-risk” for osteoporosis according to the Female Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asia (FOSTA) tended to be higher in the SCS group (35%) than in the ICS (28%) or control (10%) group. Because patients in the ICS group already had impaired respiratory function due to repeated asthma exacerbations, it was difficult to determine whether it was asthma itself or SCS that is the risk factor for osteoporosis. In addition, the response of biochemical markers of bone turnover to intermittent SCS remains unclear and likely differs from that elicited by high-dose, short-term, or continuous SCS. That said, relatively low-dose intermittent administration of SCS raised levels of bone resorption markers, which likely reflects altered bone metabolism. Taken together, these findings suggest that, without consideration of its effects on bone, SCS administration should be avoided.
Latent topic model for image annotation by modeling topic correlation

For the task of image annotation, traditional probabilistic topic models based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) [1], assume that an image is a mixture of latent topics. An inevitable limitation of LDA is the inability to model topic correlation since topic proportions of an image are generated independently. Motivated by Correlated Topic Model (CTM) [2] which derives from natural language processing to model topic correlation of a document, we extend the popular LDA based models (corrLDA [3], sLDA-bin [4], trmmLDA [5]) to CTM based models (corrCTM, sCTM-bin, trmmCTM). We present a comprehensive comparison between CTM based and LDA based models on three benchmark datasets, illustrating the superior annotation performance of proposed CTM based models, by means of propagating topic correlation among image features and annotation words.
An in situ experimental study of young sea ice formation on an Antarctic lead

Three series of experimental results were obtained in situ during the U.S.Russian Ice Station Weddell 1 Expedition 1992 in the western Weddell Sea. Changes in salinity, silicate, and chlorophyll a concentrations were examined over sampling scales of hours, days, and months as microalgal populations grew in young sea ice. Sea ice growth rates were 0.38 cm h -1 for ice up to 9 cm (May 19-20), 0.13 cm h -1 for ice growth to 28 cm over the next 8 days, and 0.03 cm h -1 during 81 days of observations on ice 42-97 cm thick (March 18-June 7). It was shown that at the initial stage of ice formation, salt and nutrient accumulation occurred, then ice desalination intensified with increasing ice thickness. Brine within the ice showed a 12-hour period of oscillatory motion during the first day of ice growth and a 1.5- to 2-hour oscillation in the skeletal layer of 28-cm ice. Small numbers of diatoms were entrapped from seawater during the initial ice formation. Their reproduction (in terms of chlorophyll a concentration) markedly increased after the third day of ice formation. The highest concentrations of chlorophyll a (100 to 1000 times higher than the underlying seawater) were recorded within the bottom, brown-colored layer of all young ice cores studied during the 81-day experiment. The species composition of ice algal populations (99 species) was more diverse and rich than observed for phytoplankton (18 species) in surface seawater. The temporal and spatial distribution of all parameters studied were controlled by meteorological factors and brine drainage mechanisms
On the general equation of motion of quantum thermodynamics and the distinction between quantal and nonquantal uncertainties

A general quantum theory encompassing Mechanics, Thermodynamics and irreversible dynamics is presented in two parts. The first part is concerned exclusively with the description of the states of any individual physical system. It is based on a new nonlinear quantum equation of motion, which reduces to the Schroedinger equation of motion of motion of conventional quantum dynamics only under special conditions. It accounts for the implications of the laws of Thermodynamics as well as for irreversible phenomena, such as the natural tendency of an isolated system to transit from any non-equilibrium state to an equilibrium state of higher entropy. Conversely, the laws of Thermodynamics and irreversibility emerge as manifestations of the fundamental quantum dynamical behaviour of the elementary constituents of any material system. We call this part Quantum Thermodynamics. The second part of the theory, which contains the first as a special case, is concerned with the description of stochastic distributions of states in an ensemble of identical physical systems each of which individually obeys the laws of Quantum Thermodynamics. It is based on a new measure-theoretic description of ensembles. It accounts unambiguously for the essential distinction between two types of uncertainties that are generally present in an ensemble, namely, quantal uncertainties due to the inherent quantal nature of the states of each individual member system and nonquantal uncertainties due to the stochastic distribution of states. We call this part Quantum Statistical Thermodynamics.
Influence of chaotic dynamics on the performance of evolutionary algorithms - An initial study

This paper outlines the initial investigations on the influence of chaotic dynamics to the performance of evolutionary algorithms. The focus of this paper is the embedding of chaotic system in the form of chaos number generator for Differential Evolution. The chaotic systems of interest are the discrete dissipative systems. The two-dimensional Dissipative Standard map was selected as a possible chaos number generator for Differential Evolution. Repeated simulations were performed on a selected benchmark function. Finally, the obtained results are compared with canonical Differential Evolution.
Do Rules of Thumb Measure Up? Characteristics of Fire-Scarred Trees and Samples

ABSTRACT Dendrochronologists studying fire history must be strategic in their search for fire-scarred tree samples. Because it is desirable to extend the period of analysis in a site by looking for old scars, recent scars, and trees with large numbers of scars, researchers have developed rules of thumb regarding which trees are most likely to meet these goals as well as where fire scars are most likely to be found. To test our assumptions and quantify patterns about tree and sample characteristics, we analyzed a dataset of 2800 samples and 16,036 scars. On average, logs had the oldest scars and live trees had the most recent scars, although both very old and very recent scars were found on snags and stumps. Scars tended to be located on the uphill sides of trees, particularly on steeper slopes. The number of years between pith date and first fire scar ranged from 2 to 473 years, with a median of 52 and a mean of 67. The data confirm that searching for a variety of sample types and looking on the uphill sides of trees are useful methods for efficient sampling and extending a fire history record.
Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach. Edward Inskeep. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003. 1991. 508p

UNDERSTANDING TOURISM PLANNING. Background for Tourism Planning. Approach to Tourism Planning. NATIONAL AND REGIONAL TOURISM PLANNING. The Planning Process and General Surveys. Tourist Attractions and Activities. Tourist Markets, Facilities, Services, and Infrastructure. Planning Analysis and Synthesis. Tourism Policy and Plan Formulation. COMMUNITY LEVEL OF TOURISM PLANNING. Planning Tourist Resorts. Planning Urban and Other Forms of Tourism. Planning Tourist Attractions. Development and Design Standards. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS. Environmental Impacts. Socioeconomic Impacts. INSTITUTIONAL ELEMENTS AND PLAN IMPLEMENTATION. Planning the Institutional Elements of Tourism. Tourism Plan Implementation. Appendices. Selected Bibliography. Index.
Sarcopenia in patients with chronic kidney disease not yet on dialysis: Analysis of the prevalence and associated factors

Introduction Sarcopenia is a chronic condition that is associated with aging and characterized by a reduction of muscle mass, strength, and function. Sarcopenia is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated with increased morbidity and mortality, as well as cardiovascular complications. Objectives To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with CKD not yet on dialysis and its correlation with clinical and laboratory variables and inflammatory markers. Methods A total of 100 patients of both sexes aged over 18 were evaluated. Sarcopenia was defined using the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and of the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Sarcopenia Project. Sociodemographic and clinical data, activities of daily living, functional capacity, and physical activity were also evaluated. Inflammation was assessed by the serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and interleukin (IL) 4 and 6. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia was 11.9% and 28.7% using the EWGSOP and FNIH criteria, respectively. Sarcopenia was more prevalent in the more advanced stages of CKD (34.5% in stages 2 and 3A; and 65.5% in stages 3B, 4, and 5) and associated with worse performance in activities of daily living (p = 0.049), lower walking speeds (p < 0.001), and higher body mass indexes (BMIs) (p = 0.001) in the non-adjusted model. In addition, patients with sarcopenia had lower functional capacity (p = 0.012) and higher prevalence of physical inactivity (p = 0.041) compared with patients without sarcopenia. After adjustment for confounding variables, sarcopenia was still significantly correlated with walking speed (p = 0.004) and BMI (p = 0.002). HsCRP levels were inversely correlated with appendicular lean mass adjusted for BMI (p = 0.007) and were also positively associated with BMI (p = 0.001). IL4 levels were positively correlated with walking speed (p = 0.007) and lean mass in the lower limbs (p = 0.022). Conclusions Sarcopenia is common in patients with CKD, particularly in the most advanced stages of the disease. We observed an association between the levels of inflammatory markers and peripheral lean body mass, physical performance, and BMI. This association between sarcopenia and modifiable factors highlights the importance of early diagnosis and the implementation of therapeutic measures to minimize adverse outcomes in patients with CKD not yet on dialysis.
A low cost battery equalizing scheme with buck-boost and series LC converter using synchronous phase-shift controller

This paper presents a modularized buck-boost and series LC converter (BBSLCC) circuit for series battery equalizers. The proposed topology has numerous advantages. First, the number of switches in the equalizer is equal to the number of the battery cells needs to be balanced in the string. This is so called one-switch-per-cell, which is a great advantage over the traditional buck-boost converter, since it requires almost twoswitch-per-cell to balance. Second, unlike many other existing one-switchper-cell equalizers, the proposed circuit has the advantage in the modularization design and low voltage stress requirement on the switches. Third, the peak current of the balancing capacitor are suppressed by the synchronous phase-shift controller (SPSC) which can be easily implemented by sensing the zero crossing of the LC resonant current. By using the proposed controller, the speed of the battery equalizing process is also accelerated. In this paper, the proposed topology is first presented, and the operating principle is illustrated. Afterwards, the phase-shift time and the transferred energy of the BBSLCC circuit are calculated to demonstrate the proposed control strategy details. The relationships between the phase-shift time and other circuit parameters such as the inductance and the capacitance are also analyzed. The simulation results and the experimental results are finally demonstrated and verified the theoretical analysis on the performance of the proposed BBSLCC circuit.