Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonterminally differentiated cells express decreased growth factor responsiveness

In 3T3 T mesenchymal stem cells, at least four types of biological states exist that can mediate the control of cell differentiation and/or proliferation. These include the predifferentiation growth arrest state, the nonterminal differentiation state, the terminal differentiation state, and a growth arrest state induced by growth factor/serum deficiency. The current studies were performed to investigate the relative mitogenic responsiveness of cells at these four states and specifically to determine if nonterminally differentiated cells show decreased responsiveness to specific mitogens. Twenty‐five different serum, plasma, and growth factor combinations were evaluated. The results show that undifferentiated, growth‐arrested cells are highly responsive to numerous mitogens and that by definition terminally differentiated cells are not responsive to any mitogens. In contrast, nonterminally differentiated cells demonstrate a unique pattern of mitogenic responsiveness. Whereas nonterminally differentiated cells can be stimulated to proliferate by high concentrations of serum or plasma supplemented with growth factors, they cannot be stimulated to proliferate by combinations of multiple purified growth factors. These results suggest that the process of nonterminal differentiation is associated with a significant change in factors/cofactors required to stimulate cell proliferation and that these factors/cofactors are present in plasma.
Light- and bias-induced metastabilities in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 based solar cells caused by the (VSe-VCu) vacancy complex

We investigate theoretically light- and bias-induced metastabilities in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) based solar cells, suggesting the Se–Cu divacancy complex (VSe-VCu) as the source of this hitherto puzzling phenomena. Due to its amphoteric nature, the (VSe-VCu) complex is able to convert by persistent carrier capture or emission from a shallow donor into a shallow acceptor configuration, and vice versa, thereby changing in a metastable fashion the local net acceptor density inside the CIGS absorber of the solar cell, e.g., a CdS/CIGS heterojunction. In order to establish a comprehensive picture of metastability caused by the (VSe-VCu) complex, we determine defect formation energies from first-principles calculations, employ numerical simulations of equilibrium defect thermodynamics, and develop a model for the transition dynamics after creation of a metastable nonequilibrium state. We find that the (VSe-VCu) complex can account for the light-induced metastabilities, i.e., the “red” and “blue” illumination effects, as well as for the reverse-bias effect. Thus, our (VSe-VCu) model implies that the different metastabilities observed in CIGS share a common origin. A defect state in the band gap caused by (VSe-VCu) in the acceptor configuration creates a potentially detrimental recombination center and may contribute to the saturation of the open circuit voltage in larger-gap Cu(In,Ga)Se2 alloys with higher Ga content. Therefore, the presence of metastable defects should be regarded as a concern for solar cell performance.We investigate theoretically light- and bias-induced metastabilities in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) based solar cells, suggesting the Se–Cu divacancy complex (VSe-VCu) as the source of this hitherto puzzling phenomena. Due to its amphoteric nature, the (VSe-VCu) complex is able to convert by persistent carrier capture or emission from a shallow donor into a shallow acceptor configuration, and vice versa, thereby changing in a metastable fashion the local net acceptor density inside the CIGS absorber of the solar cell, e.g., a CdS/CIGS heterojunction. In order to establish a comprehensive picture of metastability caused by the (VSe-VCu) complex, we determine defect formation energies from first-principles calculations, employ numerical simulations of equilibrium defect thermodynamics, and develop a model for the transition dynamics after creation of a metastable nonequilibrium state. We find that the (VSe-VCu) complex can account for the light-induced metastabilities, i.e., the “red” and “blue” illumination effect.
Pronominal Objects in Romance : Comparing French , Italian , Portuguese , Romanian and Spanish

This paper provides a systematic comparison of the phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics of object pronouns in the languages French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish. Special attention is paid to the systems of "weak" or "unstressed" object pronouns. The comparison confirms the classical distinction between strong pronouns with DP-like properties, and weak pronouns with affix-like, inflectional properties. At the same time, not all tests on clitichood turn out to be reliable and to produce uniform results, as pronoun use is contingent on language-specific and universal properties rather than properties inherent to the postulated class of clitic pronouns. Overall, clitics both within each language and across languages are too distinct to form a single category. Their characteristics nevertheless lead us to suggest that they have reached the status of agreement markers. We conclude, by proposing a parallel between subject and object agreement, that weak object pronouns in Romance are an agreement phenomenon. The extent to which this is distinctively visible from their characteristics differs across languages, and also varies along the parameter of linguistic levels (i.e. phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics).
Pengembangan E-Modul Ajar Kimia Hijau Bermuatan Etno-STEM Berbasis Guided Inquiry untuk Membekali Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan e-modul ajar berbasis guided inquiry bermuatan etno-STEM, mengetahui tingkat kelayakan, respon siswa, dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Pengembangan e-modul ajar menggunakan model 4D (define, design, development, disseminate) yang dibatasi sampai tahap ke 3. Penelitian dilaksanakan di MAN 1 KUDUS kelas X tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 33 siswa pada uji coba skala kecil dan 72 siswa untuk uji coba skala besar. Instrumen pada penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi materi, lembar validasi media, lembar angket respon, dan instrumen tes berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut (1) tingkat kelayakan e-modul ajar berbasis guided inquiry bermuatan etno-STEM pada materi kimia hijau pada aspek materi 94% dalam kategori “sangat valid” dan pada aspek media 95% dengan kategori “sangat valid”, (2) hasil respon siswa yaitu sebesar 85% yang termasuk dalam kategori “sangat praktis”, (3) e-modul ajar efektif dalam membekali kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
Albino Leaf 1 that Encodes the Sole Octotricopeptide Repeat Protein Is Responsible 1 for Chloroplast Development in Rice

Albino Leaf 1 that Encodes the Sole Octotricopeptide Repeat Protein Is Responsible 1 for Chloroplast Development in Rice1 2 3 Zemin Zhang, Jianjie Tan, Zhenying Shi, Qingjun Xie, Yi Xing, Changhong Liu, 4 Qiaoling Chen, Haitao Zhu, Jiang Wang, Jingliu Zhang, Guiquan Zhang 5 6 Author contribution: 7 ZZ and GZ designed the experiments; ZZ, JT, ZS, QX, YX, CL, QC, HZ, and JW 8 performed the experiments; ZZ, JT, QX and GZ analyzed the data; ZZ and GZ wrote the 9 manuscript. 10 11 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, 12 Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural 13 University, Guangzhou, 510642, China (Z.Z., J.T.,Q.X., Y.X., C.L., Q.C., H.Z., G.Z.) and 14 Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Shanghai, 20032, China (Z.S., J.W., J.Z) 16 17 One sentence summary: 18 Albino Leaf 1, encoding the octotricopeptide repeat protein (RAP), regulates chloroplast 19 development by coordinated the transcription and translation of chloroplast associated 20 genes in rice. 21 22 Footnotes 23 1 This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of 24 China (30571145 and 31071389) and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong 25 Province (10151064201000024). 26 2 These authors contributed equally to the article. 27 *Corresponding authors; e-mail: zmzhang@scau.edu. cn or gqzhang@scau.edu. cn. 28 29 30 31 32 Plant Physiology Preview. Published on April 22, 2016, as DOI:10.1104/pp.16. 00325
On the state definition for a trainable excitation model in HMM-based speech synthesis

One of the issues of speech synthesizers based on hidden Markov models concerns the vocoded quality of the synthesized speech. From the principle of analysis-by-synthesis speech coders a trainable excitation model has been proposed to improve naturalness, where the method consists in the design of a set of state-dependent filters in a way to minimize the distortion between residual and synthetic excitation. Although this approach seems successful, state definition still represents an open issue. This paper describes a method for state definition wherein bottom-up clustering is performed on full context decision trees, using the likelihood of the residual database as merging criterion. Experiments have shown that improvement on residual modeling through better filter design can be achieved.
Beneficial effects of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in atherosclerosis.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is the only NOS isoform expressed in normal coronary arteries. However, all 3 NOS isoforms—eNOS, inducible NOS (iNOS), and neuronal NOS (nNOS)—are found in human atherosclerotic plaques.1 Precise studies of knockout mice have uncovered the role of eNOS and iNOS in atherogenesis (Figure). The eNOS isoform protects against atherosclerosis, because mice lacking eNOS have increased atherosclerotic plaques.2,3 In contrast, iNOS is proatherogenic: iNOS knockout mice have decreased atherosclerotic plaque area.4 However, the role of nNOS in atherogenesis has remained a mystery until now. All 3 isoforms of NOS are expressed in atherosclerotic plaques. Both nNOS and eNOS limit plaque size, whereas iNOS exacerbates atherosclerosis. See page 1539 In this issue of Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology , Kuhlencordt and colleagues explore the effects of deleting nNOS alleles on atherogenesis, by comparing the atherosclerotic burden in apoE−/− mice and in nNOS−/−/apoE−/− mice fed a Western diet.5 The authors observed that nNOS decreases lesion area by 66% …
Importance-based data transmission optimization in multi-source single-sink wireless sensor networks

Energy-efficient routing becomes one of the most critical technologies for sustaining the overall network lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a novel data transmission scheme between a number of specified source nodes and the single sink, which can efficiently restrict the usage frequency of each relay node, measured by the number of source nodes using it for data transmission. On the basis of the importance of source nodes that is closely related to deployed location, they form a descending sequence such that each node finds the minimum energy path earlier than the succeeding one. Then, the energy-efficient multiple path algorithm with the computational complexity of On3 is developed for deriving the minimum energy paths, where n is the number of nodes in the network. Also, a polynomial algorithm is presented for deriving the range of the feasible values of N0 serving as the threshold of the usage frequency of relay nodes, in which each can guarantee the existence of the solution. Further, we theoretically investigate the existence of the solution and the tree-structured solution using m-ary tree. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed scheme can achieve significant performance enhancement. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biological New Targets Prediction & ADME Pharmacokinetics Profiling of Newly Synthesized E / Z Isomers of Methyl 2-phenyl-2-(2-phenylhydrazono) Acetate Derivatives

Objective: In order to predict the pharmacokinetic properties, and new potential biological targets, biological targets prediction, and absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) profiling of newly synthesized Entgegen / Zusammen (E / Z isomers) of Methyl 2-phenyl-2-(2-phenylhydrazono) acetate derivatives were carried out. Methods: The prediction of new biological targets, pharmacokinetic properties, membrane permeability, and bioavailability radar properties were carried out by using Swiss Targets Prediction and Swiss ADME tools, respectively. Results: All the eight screened compounds possessed excellent drug-likeness criteria and passed successfully from Pan-assay interference compounds filter. Additionally, all screened compounds fell within the acceptable range in the bioavailability radar, showing excellent descriptors with a slight exceeding of insaturation properties. Compounds displayed elevated permeability across the Blood Brain Barrier, while compounds exhibited highest Human Intestinal Absorption according to the Egan Egg model. Moreover, the screened compounds also exhibited good pharmacokinetic properties. All the compounds exhibited activity against various enzymes, such as lyase, kinase, protease, and Family AG protein-coupled receptor. Conclusion: This conducted study smartly reveals that in-silico based studies were considered to provide robustness towards a rational drug design and development approach; therefore, in this way, it helps for further investigation of drug design and drug discovery steps.
An evaluation of user acceptance of a corporate intranet

Intranets represent an important organisational resource for knowledge sharing. However, as yet, there has been little research into the quality of intranets and the impact of quality on intranet user acceptance. In the study reported in this paper, an intranet quality assessment tool comprising the dimensions usability, design, and information quality, is combined with perceived usefulness and social influence from the technology acceptance literature to create an intranet acceptance model. The model is applied to the sales and marketing division of an international manufacturing company. Data is collected via a Web survey (n=131, response rate = 65.5%) and tested using the partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling. The results show that intranet quality is a significant factor in determining behavioural intention to use, although it is less important than perceived usefulness and social influence. Comments collected from respondents are used to illustrate the findings and provide an insight into user behaviour. The discussion considers the implications, future research (e.g., the role of social influence in intranet usage) and limitations. The paper rounds off with a short summary.
Scalable and Private Media Consumption with Popcorn

We describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of Popcorn, a media delivery system that hides clients' consumption (even from the content distributor). Popcorn relies on a powerful cryptographic primitive: private information retrieval (PIR). With novel refinements that leverage the properties of PIR protocols and media streaming, Popcorn scales to the size of Netflix's library (8000 movies) and respects current controls on media dissemination. The dollar cost to serve a media object in Popcorn is 3.87× that of a non-private system.
An XML Representation of DAE Systems Obtained from Modelica Models

This contribution outlines an XML format for representation of flat Modelica models. The purpose is to offer a standardized model exchange format which is based on the DAE formalism and which is neutral with respect to model usage. Many usages of models go beyond what can be obtained from an execution interface offering evaluation of the model equations. Several such usages arise in the area of control engineering, where Linear Fractional Transformations (LFTs), derivation of robotic controllers, optimization, and real time code generation are some examples. The choice of XML is motivated by its defacto standard status and the availability of free and efficient tools. Also, the XSLT language enables specification of transformation of the XML model representation into other
Control techniques of switched reluctance motors in electric vehicle applications: A review on torque ripple reduction strategies

As electric vehicles (EVs) continue to acquire prominence in the transportation industry, improving the outcomes and efficiency of their propulsion systems is becoming increasingly critical. Switched Reluctance Motors (SRMs) have become a compelling option for EV applications due to their simplicity, magnet-free design, robustness, and cost-effectiveness, making them an attractive choice for the growing EV market. Despite all these features and compared to other electrical machines, SRMs suffer from some restrictions, such as torque ripple and audible noise generation, stemming from their markedly nonlinear characteristics, which affect their productivity and efficiency. Therefore, to address these problems, especially the torque ripple, it is crucial and challenging to enhance the performance of the SRM drive system. This paper proposed a comprehensive review of torque ripple minimization strategies of SRMs in EV applications. It covered a detailed overview and categorized and compared many strategies, including two general categories of torque ripple mitigation encompassing optimization design topologies and control strategy developments. Then, focused on control strategy improvements and divided them into torque and current control strategies, including the sub-sections. In addition, the research also provided an overview of SRM fundamental operations, converter topologies, and excitation angle approaches. Last, a comparison between each method in torque control and current control strategies was listed, including the adopted method, features, and drawbacks.
Violence-related injury and intimate partner violence in an urban emergency department.

BACKGROUND To facilitate the identification of ED patients at risk for intimate partner violence (IPV), we assessed the relationship of acute violence-related injury and history of IPV victimization or perpetration. METHODS : This cross-sectional study systematically sampled patients presenting to an urban ED. Reason for visit, past year history of IPV victimization and perpetration, alcohol and drug use and abuse, and sociodemographic factors were assessed. We hypothesized that violence-related injury would be positively associated with a history of IPV victimization and with IPV perpetration. RESULTS The odds of violence-related injury was increased three-fold among persons with a history of IPV victimization and nearly two-fold (although not statistically significant) among those with IPV perpetration history. Male gender, younger age, and problem drinking were independent risk factors in both models. CONCLUSION Screening for IPV among individuals presenting with a violence-related injury may be helpful in identifying individuals at risk of partner violence.
Bandwidth enhancement of circularly polarised slot global navigation satellite systems antenna using an integrated filter‐antenna approach

A technique to enhance the bandwidth of a circularly polarised antenna using the filter‐antenna design approach is presented. The design relies on adding a resonator coupled to the radiation element—an L‐shaped slot antenna in the case of global navigation satellite systems. This change in the feeding structure broadens both the impedance and the axial ratio (AR) bandwidths and allows more design flexibility. Compared with a reference L‐shaped slot antenna with a conventional feed, the proposed antenna design achieves a doubling of the impedance matching bandwidth from 19% to 41% over the frequency range from 1.2 to 1.81 GHz and a wider AR bandwidth from 35% to 44.5% in the range from 1.17 to 1.84 GHz. The AR bandwidth covers the entire impedance bandwidth. The effect of a metal reflector on antenna performance is also investigated and discussed.
Antimicrobial and Diagnostic Stewardship of the Novel β-Lactam/β-Lactamase Inhibitors for Infections Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are a major public health threat due to the limited therapeutic options available. The introduction of the new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLIs) has, however, altered the treatment options for such pathogens. Thus, four new BL/BLI combinations—namely, ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam, imipenem/relebactam, and ceftolozane/tazobactam—have been approved for infections attributed to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nevertheless, although these antimicrobials are increasingly being used in place of other drugs such as polymyxins, their optimal clinical use is still challenging. Furthermore, there is evidence that resistance to these agents might be increasing, so urgent measures should be taken to ensure their continued effectiveness. Therefore, clinical laboratories play an important role in the judicious use of these new antimicrobial combinations by detecting and characterizing carbapenem resistance, resolving the presence and type of carbapenemase production, and accurately determining the minimum inhibitor concentrations (MICs) for BL/BLIs. These three targets must be met to ensure optimal BL/BLIs use and prevent unnecessary exposure that could lead to the development of resistance. At the same time, laboratories must ensure that results are interpreted in a timely manner to avoid delays in appropriate treatment that might be detrimental to patient safety. Thus, we herein present an overview of the indications and current applications of the new antimicrobial combinations and explore the diagnostic limitations regarding both carbapenem resistance detection and the interpretation of MIC results. Moreover, we suggest the use of alternative narrower-spectrum antibiotics based on susceptibility testing and present data regarding the effect of synergies between BL/BLIs and other antimicrobials. Finally, in order to address the absence of a standardized approach to using the novel BL/BLIs, we propose a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm, which can be modified based on local epidemiological criteria. This framework could also be expanded to incorporate other new antimicrobials, such as cefiderocol, or currently unavailable BL/BLIs such as aztreonam/avibactam and cefepime/taniborbactam.