Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stereoscopic display in a slot machine

This paper reports the results of a user trial with a slot machine equipped with a stereoscopic display. The main research question was to find out what kind of added value does stereoscopic 3D (S-3D) bring to slot games? After a thorough literature survey, a novel gaming platform was designed and implemented. Existing multi-game slot machine "Nova" was converted to "3DNova" by replacing the monitor with an S-3D display and converting six original games to S-3D format. To evaluate the system, several 3DNova machines were put available for players for four months. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis was carried out from statistical values, questionnaires and observations. According to the results, people find the S-3D concept interesting but the technology is not optimal yet. Young adults and adults were fascinated by the system, older people were more cautious. Especially the need to wear stereoscopic glasses provide a challenge; ultimate system would probably use autostereoscopic technology. Also the games should be designed to utilize its full power. The main contributions of this paper are lessons learned from creating an S-3D slot machine platform and novel information about human factors related to stereoscopic slot machine gaming.
Wideband radar cross section reduction using two-dimensional phase gradient metasurfaces

Phase gradient metasurface (PGMs) are artificial surfaces that can provide pre-defined in-plane wave-vectors to manipulate the directions of refracted/reflected waves. In this Letter, we propose to achieve wideband radar cross section (RCS) reduction using two-dimensional (2D) PGMs. A 2D PGM was designed using a square combination of 49 split-ring sub-unit cells. The PGM can provide additional wave-vectors along the two in-plane directions simultaneously, leading to either surface wave conversion, deflected reflection, or diffuse reflection. Both the simulation and experiment results verified the wide-band, polarization-independent, high-efficiency RCS reduction induced by the 2D PGM.
Convergence of an Iterative Method for Total Variation Denoising

In total variation denoising, one attempts to remove noise from a signal or image by solving a nonlinear minimization problem involving a total variation criterion. Several approaches based on this idea have recently been shown to be very effective, particularly for denoising functions with discontinuities. This paper analyzes the convergence of an iterative method for solving such problems. The iterative method involves a "lagged diffusivity" approach in which a sequence of linear diffusion problems are solved. Global convergence in a finite-dimensional setting is established, and local convergence properties, including rates and their dependence on various parameters, are examined.
Comparing Traditional and Bayesian Analyses of Selection Experiments in Animal Breeding

The mixed linear model is commonly used in animal breeding to predict or estimate the breeding values of individual animals. Breeding values are used to select animals for use in breeding subsequent generations. A traditional analysis of data under this model involves estimating the variance components with restricted maximum likelihood. These estimates are then used to find best linear unbiased predictors for the animal breeding values. A Bayesian analysis of data under this model involves treating all of the parameters, including the variance components, as random and finding the joint posterior distribution of all of the parameters given the data. Because the selection decision depends on the values of the variance components, a Bayesian analysis can yield different selection outcomes than the traditional analysis. We demonstrate both types of data analysis on data from an animal breeding experiment and compare the resulting selections.
Using an S band radio interferometer for measuring the phase shift of radio waves coherently reflected from the sea surface

An analytical study of the interference pattern formed over a sea surface by a coherent source of S band radiation is presented. Results of the theory of wave scattering by rough surfaces are employed to account for the effect of sea state on the interference pattern. The phase of the reflection coefficient for the coherent part of the reflected field is shown to cause a vertical shift of the interference pattern. This shift is utilized to develop interferometric techniques of reflection coefficient phase measurement based on a bistatic transmitter-receiver scheme. Also, a procedure for retrieving sea level information from interferometric measurements is proposed that is based on incorporating the phase shift measurements into a previously developed sea level measurement technique. The measured phase shift precision is estimated to be ±1°, corresponding to a ± 1-cm accuracy in sea level measurements.
Dynamic Deformation Behavior of Rubber under High Strain Rate Compressive Loading

A specific experimental method, the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique is used to determine the dynamic material properties under the impact compressive loading condition with strain-rate of the order of 103/s~104/s. The dynamic deformation behavior of rubber materials widely used for the isolation of vibration from varying structures under dynamic loading is determined by using the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar technique. The relationships between the stresses at transition points of rubber materials and the strain rate are found to be bilinear. However, an interesting relationship between the strains at transition points of rubber materials and the strain rate, which needs further investigation, is noted.
Noise-induced large-scale phase synchronization of human-brain activity associated with behavioural stochastic resonance

We demonstrate that both detection of weak visual signals to the right eye and phase synchronization of electro-encephalogram (EEG) signals from widely separated areas of the human brain are increased by addition of weak visual noise to the left eye. We found a close relationship between the resulting noise-induced changes in behavioural performance and the similarly resulting changes in phase synchronization between widely separated brain areas. These results imply that noise-induced large-scale neural synchronization may play a significant role in information transmission in the brain.
Application of textured IBAD-TiN buffer layers in coated conductor architectures

Ion-beam assisted deposition (IBAD) is one of the major techniques for preparing highly textured templates for YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) coated conductors. In most applications so far IBAD-MgO has been used. TiN is an alternative material for the IBAD process showing a textured nucleation similar to MgO. Different amorphous or nanocrystalline seed layers such as Al2O3, Y2O3 or Ta0.75Ni0. 25 were found to be suitable for achieving strong cube textures in film thicknesses below 10 nm using reactive ion-beam assisted pulsed laser deposition. The biaxial texture was preserved to a higher thickness using homoepitaxial growth at higher temperatures. Different buffer layer architectures based on IBAD-TiN have been developed on Hastelloy substrates. An electrically conducting buffer layer stack was realized using a double layer of Au and Ir with a final Nb-doped SrTiO3 cap layer, enabling the epitaxial growth of YBCO on top. Alternatively, a robust simplified buffer architecture was studied using SrZrO3 directly on TiN, leading to highly textured YBCO layers.
Some optimal multivariate tests

The majority of test criteria used in multivariate analysis are functions of the roots of certain determinantal equations constructed from sample moments of order not greater than two. In general there exists no best test. Pillai (1966), Pillai & Jayachandran (1967, 1968) and Pillai & Dotson (1969) have compared the powers of a few among many possible competing test criteria by evaluating their powers numerically in small dimensional cases. The numerical approach, besides being costly and laborious, has a number of other obvious limitations. That locally best tests can be derived mathematically from known results seems not to have been noted.
Consensus clustering for Bayesian mixture models

Cluster analysis is an integral part of precision medicine and systems biology, used to define groups of patients or biomolecules. Consensus clustering is an ensemble approach that is widely used in these areas, which combines the output from multiple runs of a non-deterministic clustering algorithm. Here we consider the application of consensus clustering to a broad class of heuristic clustering algorithms that can be derived from Bayesian mixture models (and extensions thereof) by adopting an early stopping criterion when performing sampling-based inference for these models. While the resulting approach is non-Bayesian, it inherits the usual benefits of consensus clustering, particularly in terms of computational scalability and providing assessments of clustering stability/robustness. In simulation studies, we show that our approach can successfully uncover the target clustering structure, while also exploring different plausible clusterings of the data. We show that, when a parallel computation environment is available, our approach offers significant reductions in runtime compared to performing sampling-based Bayesian inference for the underlying model, while retaining many of the practical benefits of the Bayesian approach, such as exploring different numbers of clusters. We propose a heuristic to decide upon ensemble size and the early stopping criterion, and then apply consensus clustering to a clustering algorithm derived from a Bayesian integrative clustering method. We use the resulting approach to perform an integrative analysis of three ’omics datasets for budding yeast and find clusters of co-expressed genes with shared regulatory proteins. We validate these clusters using data external to the analysis. Our approach can be used as a wrapper for essentially any existing sampling-based Bayesian clustering implementation, and enables meaningful clustering analyses to be performed using such implementations, even when computational Bayesian inference is not feasible, e.g. due to poor exploration of the target density (often as a result of increasing numbers of features) or a limited computational budget that does not along sufficient samples to drawn from a single chain. This enables researchers to straightforwardly extend the applicability of existing software to much larger datasets, including implementations of sophisticated models such as those that jointly model multiple datasets.
Collision strengths for the electron impact excitation of Ca XIII

The R-matrix method is used to obtain collision strengths for the electron impact excitation of the oxygen-like Ca XIII ion for all transitions between the 16 target states of even and odd parity. The wavefunctions for these states are generated using the configuration interaction method. The calculated values of the target state energies agree with the experimental values within 7%. The initial and final state wavefunctions for the composite (electron+ion) system are obtained by retaining these states in the R-matrix basis function expansion. In the low partial wave region (total angular momentum L 30) contribution to the cross sections for dipole allowed transitions. However, it is seen that collision strengths for almost all the transitions, including the dipole allowed, converge below L=30. The calculations are carried out in LS coupling and the results are compared with those obtained in the distorted-wave approximation along with other results, where available.
A Fast Atmospheric Sound Propagation Model for Aircraft Noise Prediction

The effect of the atmosphere on sound propagation can impact the perceived noise on the ground significantly and therefore needs to be accounted for in aircraft noise modelling. However, to be practical, propagation modelling cannot impose a limitation on calculation time. The aim is therefore to design a robust and computationally lean atmospheric propagation model for the prediction of aircraft noise. Foreseen applications are the evaluation of en-route noise, noise optimisation studies and the evaluation of noise in airport scenarios. To achieve a computationally low demanding algorithm an analytical approach is pursued. When the wave front orientation is approximated to be perpendicular to the ray path, it follows from the Eikonal equation that a ray obeys to an adapted form of Snell's law. If the atmosphere is then discretized in layers of linearly varying sound speed and wind velocity, it allows the ray path and ray properties to be expressed analytically within a layer. Cross-validation against two independently developed ray tracing routines has shown the validity of the selected modelling approach. In conclusion, a robust and computationally low demanding method has been developed for atmospheric sound propagation that can be incorporated in aircraft noise modelling.
Suppression of Penning ionization by spin polarization of cold He(2 3 S) atoms

We measure the suppression of Penning ionization in an ultracold He(2 S-3(1)) atomic cloud after spin-polarizing the atoms by optical pumping in a small magnetic field. An upper limit of 6x10(-12) cm(3)/s for the ionization rate constant is deduced, at least a factor 20 lower than measured in an unpolarized gas.
Cavity-augmented frequency tripling of a continuous wave mode-locked laser

We present a model and experimental investigation of a singly-resonant optical cavity to enhance the nonlinear conversion efficiency of a continuous wave mode-locked all-solid-state laser source to produce an efficient source of ultraviolet radiation. For input pulses of approximately 33 ps duration at 4.4 ns intervals, our model predicts greater than 30% conversion from fundamental to third harmonic which is particularly attractive for fundamental sources of modest average power. Experimentally, we have achieved overall optical conversion efficiencies from fundamental to third harmonic wavelength typically greater than 11%, compared with less than 0.4% in a single pass geometry. We have measured an average power of 320 mW at λ = 355 nm at picosecond pulse duration, which corresponds to a generated third harmonic average power of 0.5 W.
Band structure and optical response of 2H-MoX2 compounds (X=S, Se, and Te)

We report calculations of the electronic and optical properties for the 2H-MoX2 sX=S,Se,Ted compounds using the full potential linear augmented plane wave method within the local density approximation. When S is replaced by Se and Te, the energy gap changes and the bandwidth of the Mo-d bands reduces. From the partial density of states we find a strong hybridization between Mo-d and X-p states below the Fermi energy EF. On going from S to Se to Te the structures in the frequency-dependent imaginary part of the dielectric function «2svd shifts towards lower energies. The frequency-dependent reflectivity and absorption show that the plasma minimum also shifts towards lower energies. We compare our calculations with the experimental optical data and find a good agreement.
Colour harmonisation for images and videos via two-level graph cut

A two-level graph cut algorithm is presented to deal with the coherence preservation problem that appears when trying to perform colour harmonisation on images and videos. Region-level graph cut is a technique used to avoid harmonising disconnected areas belonging to the same object with different harmonic hues. Pixel-level graph cut is a technique used to obtain a spatially coherent harmonisation. The authors extend this algorithm to videos by employing optical flow, region growing and foreground extraction algorithms, and present a temporally consistent video harmonisation method. The proposed approach overcomes several shortcomings of the existing methods, and the experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of it.
Zernike moments features for shape-based gait recognition

The paper proposes a new spatio-temporal gait representation, called cycles gait Zernike moments (CGZM), to characterize human walking properties for individual recognition. Firstly, Zernike moments as shape descriptors are used to characterize gait silhouette shape. Secondly, we generate CGZM from Zernike moments of silhouette sequences. Finally, the phase and magnitude coefficientsof CGZM are utilized to perform classification by the modified Hausdorff distance (MHD) classifier. Experimental results show that the proposed approach have an encouraging recognition performance.
Polarization and kinematic studies of SS 433 indicate a continuous and decelerating jet.

We present radio images of SS 433 taken in 1987 at 1.5, 5, 8 and 15 GHz using the VLA in A configuration, and taken at four more recent epochs at 5 or 1.6 GHz using MERLIN. The extremely sensitive 5-GHz VLA image appears to be inconsistent with the ballistic kinematic model predictions. However, the inclusion of a deceleration term of0.02c per period (162.375 d) or the use of a slower constant velocity of 0.225c gives a good agreement with the observations. This slower ejection velocity is not consistent with existing measurements of the jet velocity on subarcsecond scales. The images also show a depolarization region surrounding the radio core of SS 433, with an extent ∼0.5 arcsec at 5 GHz. This depolarization region is present even at our highest observing frequency of 15 GHz. The MERLIN images confirm the presence of depolarization at four separate observing epochs. The depolarizing medium is likely to be an ionized cloud of gas associated with the stellar wind of the normal star, although we cannot rule out thermal gas in the jet material co-existing with the relativistic electrons which emit via the synchrotron mechanism. Outside the depolarizing region the jets are highly linearly polarized (up to 20 per cent). We find a rotation measure of 119 ± 16 rad m -2 for the extended jets, consistent with previous lower-frequency studies. After correcting for foreground Faraday rotation we find an alignment between the implied magnetic field orientation and the kinematic locus. This can be explained by the stretching of the plasma tube along the kinematic locus as a result of differential motion. We also transform the rest-frame angles defining the apparent electric field direction to the observer's frame and show that, after allowing for Lorentz contraction, projection and light travel delays, the observer also sees the electric field perpendicular to the plasma tube. The observed alignment of the jet magnetic field and direction suggests that the jet consists of a continuous plasma tube with longitudinal magnetic field (as proposed for the jets emitted by quasars) and not of an unconnected series of plasmons.
Illumination uniformity of laser-fusion pellets using induced spatial incoherence

We have examined the possibility of using a realistic laser system to produce uniform illumination of a direct drive laser‐fusion pellet. This laser system consists of a short wavelength laser (KrF, λ=0.25 μm) with the induced‐spatial‐incoherence method. A numerical analysis describes the laser beams propagating through the pellet plasma, energy deposition by inverse bremmstrahlung absorption, and energy conversion to ablation drive pressure. The results indicate that highly uniform (ΔP/〈P〉 75%) is simultaneously absorbed. The spatial structure of the distribution is also analyzed and found to contain primarily low spatial frequencies with maximum magnitudes less than 0.5%. Misalignment of the laser beams increases the overall nonuniformity by about 1.5% for every 1% increase in the relative misaiming error (measured as a percentage of the pellet radius). A maximum misalignment error on the order of a few microradians in t.
Damping identification in multi-degree-of freedom system via a wavelet-logarithmic decrement - Part 2: Study of a civil engineering building

Abstract In a previous paper entitled “Damping identification in multi-degree-of-freedom (m.d.o.f.) systems via wavelet-logarithmic decrement—Part 1: theory”, a wavelet-logarithmic decrement formula was established to estimate damping in multi-degree-of-freedom systems from time-domain responses. Numerical validation was then investigated using the dynamic response of exact single-degree-of-freedom systems that were artificially perturbed with a Gaussian noise. Part 2 is now dedicated to the application of the wavelet procedure to identify the damping of in situ dynamic responses of a civil engineering building excited with both harmonic and shock testings.
How the size distribution of magnetic nanoparticles determines their magnetic particle imaging performance

Spatial and temporal resolution of magnetic particle imaging (MPI), a powerful technique for biomedical imaging, depends crucially on the magnetic properties of the magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) tracer. The authors establish the relation of the static and the dynamic magnetization behavior of various MNP preparations to their MPI performance. While MNPs with a mean diameter of 6 nm achieve only 0.2% of the theoretical maximum amplitude of the third harmonic (at 25 kA/m drive field strength), those with 19 nm diameter attain 57%. The good performance of Resovist, a clinically approved contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging, is explained by the presence of MNP aggregates.
Positive domain wall resistance in atomic-sized constrictions

The magnetoresistance of a domain wall (DWR) is measured in Permalloy constrictions down to a few atoms in size. We find a negative DWR for nanometer-sized constrictions, becoming positive in the atomic-contact regime. We conclude that the contribution from the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) is gradually weakened as size decreases and spin-polarized transport across an atomically narrow constriction dominates the magnetoresistance. This is revealed by a positive contribution to the DWR reaching four percent for the smallest constrictions, which depends significantly on the specifics of the atomic arrangement.
Reduction of Multidimensional Image Characteristics Based on Improved KICA

The domestic and overseas studies of redundant multifeatures and noise in dimension reduction are insufficient, and the efficiency and accuracy are low. Dimensionality reduction and optimization of characteristic parameter model based on improved kernel independent component analysis are proposed in this paper; the independent primitives are obtained by KICA (kernel independent component analysis) algorithm to construct an independent group subspace, while using 2DPCA (2D principal component analysis) algorithm to complete the second order related to data and further reduce the dimension in the above method. Meanwhile, the optimization effect evaluation method based on Amari error and average correlation degree is presented in this paper. Comparative simulation experiments show that the Amari error is less than 6%, the average correlation degree is stable at 97% or more, and the parameter optimization method can effectively reduce the dimension of multidimensional characteristic parameters.