Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Traffic Splitting with Network Calculus for Mesh Sensor Networks

In many applications of sensor networks, it is essential to ensure that messages are transmitted to their destinations as early as possible and the buffer size of each sensor node is as small as possible. In this paper, we firstly propose a mesh sensor network system model. Based on this system model, the expressions for deriving the delay bound and buffer requirement bound are presented using network calculus. In order to balance traffic load and improve resource utilization, three traffic splitting mechanisms are proposed. The numerical results show that the delay bound and buffer requirement bound are lowered while applying those traffic splitting mechanisms. And thus the performance of the whole sensor network is improved.
Image Denoising of Ground Penetrating Radar Based on Wavelet Scale Space Correlation

Donoho and Johnstone (1994) proposed a method for threshold shrink denoising based on wavelets coefficient estimation of each isolating scale get optimal results, but the correlation of contiguous coefficients is not considered. The detail of signal will be dismissed if its coefficient is similar to noisy coefficients. a novel algorithm for ground penetrating radar (GPR) image denoising based on scale space correlation, and wavelet coefficients energy transformation rule, is proposed to solve this problem. The results of simulation experiment and processing GPR images show that, compared with the existing denoising methods, the proposed algorithm can more effectively denoising noise in GPR image.
Tightly Packed Tries: How to Fit Large Models into Memory, and Make them Load Fast, Too

We present Tightly Packed Tries (TPTs), a compact implementation of read-only, compressed trie structures with fast on-demand paging and short load times. We demonstrate the benefits of TPTs for storing n-gram back-off language models and phrase tables for statistical machine translation. Encoded as TPTs, these databases require less space than flat text file representations of the same data compressed with the gzip utility. At the same time, they can be mapped into memory quickly and be searched directly in time linear in the length of the key, without the need to decompress the entire file. The overhead for local decompression during search is marginal.
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, STORAGE, AND DISCHARGE IN THE PANCREATIC EXOCRINE CELL

The synthesis, intracellular transport, storage, and discharge of secretory proteins in and from the pancreatic exocrine cell of the guinea pig were studied by light- and electron microscopical autoradiography using DL-leucine-4,5-H3 as label. Control experiments were carried out to determine: (a) the length of the label pulse in the blood and tissue after intravenous injections of leucine-H3; (b) the amount and nature of label lost during tissue fixation, dehydration, and embedding. The results indicate that leucine-H3 can be used as a label for newly synthesized secretory proteins and as a tracer for their intracellular movements. The autoradiographic observations show that, at ∼5 minutes after injection, the label is localized mostly in cell regions occupied by rough surfaced elements of the endoplasmic reticulum; at ∼20 minutes, it appears in elements of the Golgi complex; and after 1 hour, in zymogen granules. The evidence conclusively shows that the zymogen granules are formed in the Golgi region by a progressive concentration of secretory products within large condensing vacuoles. The findings are compatible with an early transfer of label from the rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex, and suggest the existence of two distinct steps in the transit of secretory proteins through the latter. The first is connected with small, smooth surfaced vesicles situated at the periphery of the complex, and the second with centrally located condensing vacuoles.
Bim and Bmf Synergize To Induce Apoptosis in Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Infection

Bcl-2 family proteins including the pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins are central regulators of apoptotic cell death. Here we show by a focused siRNA miniscreen that the synergistic action of the BH3-only proteins Bim and Bmf is required for apoptosis induced by infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ngo). While Bim and Bmf were associated with the cytoskeleton of healthy cells, they both were released upon Ngo infection. Loss of Bim and Bmf from the cytoskeleton fraction required the activation of Jun-N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK-1), which in turn depended on Rac-1. Depletion and inhibition of Rac-1, JNK-1, Bim, or Bmf prevented the activation of Bak and Bax and the subsequent activation of caspases. Apoptosis could be reconstituted in Bim-depleted and Bmf-depleted cells by additional silencing of antiapoptotic Mcl-1 and Bcl-XL, respectively. Our data indicate a synergistic role for both cytoskeletal-associated BH3-only proteins, Bim, and Bmf, in an apoptotic pathway leading to the clearance of Ngo-infected cells.
Improved oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of dabigatran etexilate via Soluplus-TPGS binary mixed micelles system

Abstract The clinical use of dabigatran etexilate (DABE) is limited by its poor absorption and relatively low bioavailability. Our study aimed to explore the potential of a mixed micelle system composed of Soluplus® and D-alpha tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) to improve the oral absorption and bioavailability of DBAE. DBAE was first encapsulated into Soluplus/TPGS mixed micelles by a simple thin film hydration method. The DBAE loaded micelles displayed an average size distribution of around 83.13 nm. The cellular uptake of DBAE loaded micelles in Caco-2 cell monolayer was significantly enhanced by 2–2.6 fold over time as compared with DBAE suspension. Both lipid raft/caveolae and macropinocytosis-mediated the cell uptake of DBAE loaded micelles through P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-independent pathway. Compared with the DBAE suspension, the intestinal absorption of DBAE from DBAE mixed micelles in rats was significantly improved by 8 and 5-fold in ileum at 2 h and 4 h, respectively. Moreover, DBAE mixed micelles were absorbed into systemic circulation via both portal vein and lymphatic pathway. The oral bioavailability of DBAE mixed micelles in rats was 3.37 fold higher than that of DBAE suspension. DBAE mixed micelles exhibited a comparable anti-thrombolytic activity with a thrombosis inhibition rate of 63.18% compared with DBAE suspension in vivo. Thus, our study provides a promising drug delivery system to enhance the oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of DBAE.
The role of Ti/A1 ratio in nanolayered ohmic contacts for GaN/AlGaN HEMTs

The role of the former-Ti/Al ratio in the nanolayered ohmic contacts to GaN/AlGaN HEMT structures has been studied for three ratios: (30/70) wt. %, (50/50) wt. % and (70/30) wt. %. The dependence of the electrical properties and surface morphology on the initial contact composition and annealing conditions has been investigated. Lowest contact resistivity of 4.22times105 Omegacm2 has been achieved for Ti/Al (30/70 wt.%) and Ti/Al (50/50 wt.%) contacts to semi-insulating GaN/AlGaN heterostructures. Smoothest contact surface and most narrow contact periphery have been obtained with a Ti/Al (70/30 wt.%) contact indicating that increase of the Ti/Al ratio improves the contact morphology. The contact composition with former-Ti/Al ratio of (50/50) wt. % has been found to fulfill the best both requirements for low resistivity and a smooth surface of the contact.
Simple procedure for including vibrational effects in the calculation of electron-molecule cross sections.

The widely used rigid-rotor approximation of low-energy electron-molecule scattering theory neglects completely the vibrational motion of the target. The errors this approximation introduces into calculated elastic and rotational-excitation cross sections are larger than other sources of imprecision in present state-of-the-art electron-molecule collision studies. We have applied an alternative to the rigid-rotor approximation: an extremely simple vibrational averaging of the interaction potential. This procedure reintroduces effects due to the zero-point vibrational motion without incurring in the solution of the Schroedinger equation computational demands beyond those of a rigid-rotor calculation. Tests on {ital e}-H{sub 2} and {ital e}-N{sub 2} scattering demonstrate the improved accuracy and computational efficiency that results from vibrational averaging.
Software as a Service (SaaS) Through a Grid Network: Business and Legal Implications and Challenges

The paper will approach the topic of the provision of SaaS in a Grid environment in light of the experience gained by the authors as business and legal consultants within BEinGRID project. In particular, starting from the analysis of 18 real business cases, some sensitive issues will be addressed, like the impact of Grid applications and resources offered with the SaaS model in existing and new markets (investments, market entrance, competition etc.), pricing policies and schemas, SLAs and some major legal aspects, namely in connection with the contract entered into by the parties in a typical SaaS scenario. The main lessons are that Grid is a very promising technology and that software providers gained a deeper understanding and trust of how Grid can be useful for their scope and is able to create a new paradigm for the supply of SaaS. From the legal point of view, then, Grid is not a neutral technology and indeed it does matter when drafting and applying SaaS agreements.
The distribution and expression of CFTR restricts electrogenic anion secretion to the ileum of the brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula

SUMMARY In eutherian mammals, fluid secretion is essential for intestinal function. This is driven by electrogenic Cl– secretion, which involves a NaK2Cl cotransporter (NKCC1) in the enterocyte basolateral membrane and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in the apical membrane. However, in the possum ileum, NKCC1 expression is low and secretagogues stimulate electrogenic HCO3– secretion driven by a basolateral NaHCO3 cotransporter (pNBCe1). Here we investigated whether electrogenic anion secretion occurs in possum duodenum and jejunum and determined the role of CFTR in possum intestinal anion secretion. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and forskolin stimulated a large increase in ileal short-circuit current (Isc), consistent with electrogenic HCO3– secretion, but had little effect on the duodenal and jejunal Isc. Furthermore, 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid (NPPB) and N-(2-naphthalenyl)-[(3,5-dibromo-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]glycine hydrazide (GlyH101) inhibited cloned possum CFTR in cultured cells and the PGE2-stimulated ileal Isc, implicating CFTR in ileal HCO3– secretion. Consistent with this, CFTR is expressed in the apical membrane of ileal crypt and lower villous cells, which also express pNBCe1 in the basolateral membrane. In contrast, duodenal and jejunal CFTR expression is low relative to the ileum. Jejunal pNBCe1 expression is also low, whereas duodenal and ileal pNBCe1 expression are comparable. All regions have low NKCC1 expression. These results indicate that cAMP-dependent electrogenic Cl– secretion does not occur in the possum small intestine because of the absence of CFTR and NKCC1. Furthermore, CFTR functions as the apical anion conductance associated with HCO3– secretion and its distribution limits electrogenic HCO3– secretion to the ileum.
Aging Influence on Rheology Properties of Petroleum-Based Asphalt Modified with Biobinder

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the viability of using swine waste binder to improve the rheological properties of bituminous asphalt binder. Due to rising bituminous asphalt binder costs, diminishing reserves of crude oil from which asphalt binder is derived, and the gradual paradigm shift toward more environmentally friendly and energy efficient hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures, the asphalt pavement industry is exploring different sustainable alternative binders. Biobinder has the potential to partially or fully replace typical crude-based asphalt. In this paper, biobinder from swine manure is produced by thermochemical liquefaction process at 380°C and 40 MPa (approximately 400 atm) pressure in the absence of oxygen. A Superpave PG 64-22 is then modified with 5% biobinder by total weight of asphalt binder to produce the biobinder. Samples of the base asphalt binder (nonmodified PG 64-22) and samples of asphalt modified with biobinder are characterized by running the Superpave rotational viscosity .
Clinical and pathophysiological significance of myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies

Autoantibodies to various cellular constituents are detected in the sera of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). These autoantibodies are closely associated with characteristic clinical manifestations of the diseases. Therefore, autoantibodies give us much information in clinical diagnosis, classification, prediction of prognosis and choice of treatment in patients with IIM. During the last decade, novel myositis-specific autoantibodies have been identified, such as anti-CADM-140, anti-p155, anti-NXP-2, anti-SAE and anti-200/100, all of which except anti-200/100 are dermatomyositis-specific autoantibodies. The anti-CADM-140 antibody is associated with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis and acute progressive interstitial pneumonia, anti-p155 is identified in malignancy-associated myositis and anti-200/100 is associated with necrotizing myositis. These new autoantibodies are extremely important because it had been thought that autoantibodies were negative in such subgroups. Target autoan.
Whose Hysteria: Briquet's, Janet's or Freud's?

Somatisation disorder (Briquet's syndrome) is a recent addition to psychiatric nosology. It represents an attempt to describe a syndrome of ‘hysteria’, the term initially applied to this polysymptomatic disorder by Guze and his colleagues. The manner of identification of this syndrome, however, has been the subject of criticism. This brief review suggests that the ideas of Janet, who worked at Salpetriere 30 to 40 years after Briquet, may provide a more precise approach to diagnosis. Furthermore, his hypotheses about predisposition to this disorder are seen to offer a preliminary way towards its understanding. Recent experimental evidence lends some support to Janet's hypotheses.
Three-dimensional micromeasurements on smooth and rough surfaces with a new confocal optical profiler

One of the objectives of surface metrology is to obtain a better and faster assessment of the micro- or nanogeometry of component surfaces. In this way the innovative concept of the profiler is changing towards non-contact modular computer- controlled systems for measuring and analyzing shape and texture of a surface. In this paper we present a new instrument which is based on the concept of confocal microscopy. In this instrument (which may be used for measurements on smooth and rough surfaces) a pattern of slits is imaged by a very high numerical aperture optical system on the surface of the sample to be measured. The reflected or diffused light is observed with a CCD array and analyzed with different digital image processing algorithms. In addition to the replacement of the existing stylus systems there are also important new potential applications for this type of instrument. We present the results obtained in micro- or nanomeasurements of high precision optical surfaces, texture assessment of non-homogeneous liquid depositions and metrology of microstructures such as master gratings and certified calibration standards. The obtained results show that the confocal profiler is robust enough to provide a surface topography with spatial resolution lower than 0.5 micrometer and uncertainty of about 10 nm.
OBSERVED COMPLICATIONS FROM DEXAMETHASONE INTRAVITREAL IMPLANT FOR THE TREATMENT OF MACULAR EDEMA IN RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION OVER 3 TREATMENT ROUNDS

Purpose: To report adverse events after treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion with intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) in a UK center across three treatment rounds. Methods: A review of 61 eyes receiving IDI treatment (1 implant [n = 61], 2 implants [n = 17], 3 implants [n = 6]). Data were collected at initiation and 2 and 6 months. Outcomes were intraocular pressure (IOP) (mean IOP, IOP >25 mmHg and IOP rise >10 mmHg) and cataract surgery. Other adverse events were recorded as they occurred. An adverse event incidence in central retinal vein occlusion versus branch retinal vein occlusion and glaucoma/ocular hypertension versus nonglaucoma/ocular hypertension subgroups was analyzed. Results: Ten eyes (12%) had IOP >25 mmHg, whereas 11% required medical and 1.2% required surgical IOP management. No significant IOP change was observed during the second/third implant rounds. The IOP was higher in the glaucoma/ocular hypertension and central retinal vein occlusion subgroups. Twenty-four percent of treated phakic eyes required cataract surgery, and the incidence increased with repeated implants. The mean time to cataract surgery from IDI initiation was 377 days. Conclusion: Intraocular pressure rise is greatest 2 months after implant. In the absence of IOP complications after initial IDI exposure, repeated treatments do not represent an increased IOP risk profile. Central retinal vein occlusion and glaucoma/ocular hypertension subgroups are more likely to experience IOP-related side effects. The incidence of cataract surgery significantly increases with repeated IDI treatments.
Multidimensional Scaling Algorithm for Mobile Location Based on Hybrid SADOA/TOA Measurement

The mobile location in wireless communication system becomes a popular issue in recent years. It is commonly used in emergency services, roadside assistance, billing, navigation, psychophysics, behavioral science, etc. Over recent decades, many location algorithms are put forward. However, the algorithms results in inaccurate location estimation due to Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) propagation. This paper proposes the mobile location estimation based on the Received Signal Strength (RSS) and the Time-Of-Arrival (TOA) measurements, via the multidimensional scaling technique (MDS). The algorithm does not require a known and accurate path loss modeling, reduces the impact of NLOS on location. Simulation results show that the algorithm performs well even though in the severe NLOS scenario.
Glycemia Determines the Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Risk Genes on Insulin Secretion

OBJECTIVE Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in diabetes risk genes reduce glucose- and/or incretin-induced insulin secretion. Here, we investigated interactions between glycemia and such diabetes risk polymorphisms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Insulin secretion was assessed by insulinogenic index and areas under the curve of C-peptide/glucose in 1,576 subjects using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Participants were genotyped for 10 diabetes risk SNPs associated with β-cell dysfunction: rs5215 (KCNJ11), rs13266634 (SLC30A8), rs7754840 (CDKAL1), rs10811661 (CDKN2A/2B), rs10830963 (MTNR1B), rs7903146 (TCF7L2), rs10010131 (WFS1), rs7923837 (HHEX), rs151290 (KCNQ1), and rs4402960 (IGF2BP2). Furthermore, the impact of the interaction between genetic variation in TCF7L2 and glycemia on changes in insulin secretion was tested in 315 individuals taking part in a lifestyle intervention study. RESULTS For the SNPs in TCF7L2 and WFS1, we found a significant interaction between glucose control and insulin secretion (all P ≤ 0.0018 for glucose × genotype). When plotting insulin secretion against glucose at 120 min OGTT, the compromising SNP effects on insulin secretion are most apparent under high glucose. In the longitudinal study, rs7903146 in TCF7L2 showed a significant interaction with baseline glucose tolerance upon change in insulin secretion (P = 0.0027). Increased glucose levels at baseline predicted an increase in insulin secretion upon improvement of glycemia by lifestyle intervention only in carriers of the risk alleles. CONCLUSIONS For the diabetes risk genes TCF7L2 and WFS1, which are associated with impaired incretin signaling, the level of glycemia determines SNP effects on insulin secretion. This indicates the increasing relevance of these SNPs during the progression of prediabetes stages toward clinically overt type 2 diabetes.
THE ROLE OF INTER-FIRM LEARNING IN THE CONSTRUCTIVE PROCESS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE

Inter-organizational collaborative networks are often seen as dynamic entities able to evolve over time. Investigating the development of interfirm collaboration implies understanding of how changes unfold and what are the generative mechanisms underlying these changes. Grounded on theories of organizational change, this paper develops a propositional framework that examines the ‘constructive mode’ of inter-firm collaboration process. Namely, it focuses on how changes in collaborative relationships interrelate with different learning processes. Also the framework provides a possibility to link micro and macro level factors responsible for collaboration development. The argument presented throughout the paper indicates the importance of avoiding fragmented or partial analysis and calls for more systematic and multifaceted approach to collaboration process. The application of the proposed framework is illustrated through understanding the examples of three different interorganizational collaborations. Implications for theory and managerial practice are also discussed.
Tracing the Emergence of a Novel Sex-Determining Gene in Medaka, Oryzias luzonensis

Three sex-determining (SD) genes, SRY (mammals), Dmy (medaka), and DM-W (Xenopus laevis), have been identified to date in vertebrates. However, how and why a new sex-determining gene appears remains unknown, as do the switching mechanisms of the master sex-determining gene. Here, we used positional cloning to search for the sex-determining gene in Oryzias luzonensis and found that GsdfY (gonadal soma derived growth factor on the Y chromosome) has replaced Dmy as the master sex-determining gene in this species. We found that GsdfY showed high expression specifically in males during sex differentiation. Furthermore, the presence of a genomic fragment that included GsdfY converts XX individuals into fertile XX males. Luciferase assays demonstrated that the upstream sequence of GsdfY contributes to the male-specific high expression. Gsdf is downstream of Dmy in the sex-determining cascade of O. latipes, suggesting that emergence of the Dmy-independent Gsdf allele led to the appearance of this novel sex-determining gene in O. luzonensis.
A model for anisotropic reflections in open GL

anisotropic surfaces. Often, this anisotropy is caused by a micro structure, in which long, thin features are aligned in one predominant direction. For example, brushed metal objects have been polished in such a way that there are a lot of parallel scratches in the surface. On CDs and records, the micro structure is given by the tracks carrying the music or data, and woven cloth consists of fibers oriented in certain directions.