Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chalmers Publication Library Improving Soft Fec Performance for Higher-order Modulations via Optimized Bit Channel Mappings Improving Soft Fec Performance for Higher-order Modulations via Optimized Bit Channel Mappings References and Links

(2014) "Improving soft FEC performance for higher-order modulations via optimized bit channel mappings". Notice: Changes introduced as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing and formatting may not be reflected in this document. For a definitive version of this work, please refer to the published source. Please note that access to the published version might require a subscription. Chalmers Publication Library (CPL) offers the possibility of retrieving research publications produced at Chalmers University of Technology. It covers all types of publications: articles, dissertations, licentiate theses, masters theses, conference papers, reports etc. Since 2006 it is the official tool for Chalmers official publication statistics. To ensure that Chalmers research results are disseminated as widely as possible, an Open Access Policy has been adopted. The CPL service is administrated and maintained by Chalmers Library. Abstract: Soft forward error correction with higher-order modulations is often implemented in practice via the pragmatic bit-interleaved coded modulation paradigm, where a single binary code is mapped to a nonbinary modulation. In this paper, we study the optimization of the mapping of the coded bits to the modulation bits for a polarization-multiplexed fiber-optical system without optical inline dispersion compensation. Our focus is on protograph-based low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes which allow for an efficient hardware implementation, suitable for high-speed optical communications. The optimization is applied to the AR4JA protograph family, and further extended to protograph-based spatially coupled LDPC codes assuming a windowed decoder. Full field simulations via the split-step Fourier method are used to verify the analysis. The results show performance gains of up to 0.25 dB, which translate into a possible extension of the transmission reach by roughly up to 8%, without significantly increasing the system complexity. Capacity limits of optical fiber networks , " J. A pragmatic coded modulation scheme for high-spectral-efficiency fiber-optic communications, " J. Next generation FEC for high-capacity communication in optical transport networks, " J. A discrete-time model for uncompensated single-channel fiber-optical links, " IEEE Trans. Modeling of the impact of nonlinear propagation effects in uncompensated optical coherent transmission links, " J. Protograph based LDPC codes with minimum distance linearly growing with block size, " in " Proc. of protograph-based LDPC convolutional codes over erasure channels, " IEEE Trans. Time-varying periodic convolutional codes with low-density parity-check matrix, " IEEE Trans. EXIT-aided bit mapping design for LDPC coded modulation with APSK constellations, " IEEE Commun. On the mapping of low-density parity-check codes for bit-interleaved …
Presynaptic inhibition of identified wind-sensitive afferents in the cercal system of the locust

The paired cerci located at the tip of the locust abdomen bear a large number of wind-sensitive filiform hairs, each of which sends an axon via the cercal nerve into the terminal ganglion of the CNS. The filiform afferents fire bursts of action potentials when their hairs are displaced by wind or mechanical stimuli. Filiform axon terminals in the CNS are depolarized concomitantly with the discharge of another type of unit (a primary afferent-depolarizing, or PAD, unit) recorded in the cercal nerve. The instantaneous spike frequency of PAD unit discharges matches the evoked depolarization very closely, and during such depolarizations spike amplitudes in the filiform afferent terminals are reduced by up to 55%. Depolarizing current pulses injected into the axonal terminals of an identified filiform afferent evoke spikes that are blocked by the PAD unit, probably via an intercalated interneuron. The PAD unit makes a monosynaptic connection with only one of the 4 giant interneurons (GIN 2) on each side of the terminal ganglion, and indirect connections with 2 others. Depolarizing current pulses injected into the neuropilar segments of GINs evoke fewer spikes when the PAD unit is active, consistent with the PAD unit's mediation of conductance changes in postsynaptic cells. Iontophoretic injection of Lucifer yellow shows the PAD unit to be an afferent with axon terminals overlapping those of filiform afferents and posteriorly directed branches of interneurons such as GIN 2 in the CNS. Passive movements of a cercus, monitored with a position transducer, show that the PAD unit fires discrete bursts during cercal displacement. The PAD unit most probably has its soma and dendrites in tissue spanning the cercal base. By responding to cercal movements sufficient to also activate filiform hairs, and by mediating conductance changes in both the presynaptic terminals of filiform afferents and the postsynaptic membranes of interneurons, the PAD unit desensitizes a pathway to movement-generated afferent input, and ensures that the locust remains sensitive to external wind stimuli.
Object Matching for Inter-Vehicle Communication Systems—An IMM-Based Track Association Approach With Sequential Multiple Hypothesis Test

Autonomous driving poses unique challenges for vehicle environment perception due to the complex driving environment where the autonomous vehicle interacts with surrounding traffic participants. Due to the limited capability of any sensor perception system, it is highly desirable that an autonomous driving vehicle could use not only information from onboard sensors (say, radar/camera/lidar) but also from remote (network) information via inter-vehicle communication systems. The collaborative information from cooperative/non-cooperative remote vehicles (along with the onboard sensor data) could substantially improve the vehicle decision making process and push autonomous driving to be safer and more reliable. Inter-vehicle communication technologies are at the stage of development for market introduction, after years of research and standardization. In this paper, we setup a dedicated short range communication (DSRC) system to provide a low-latency inter-vehicle wireless communication channel. The task is to build a record linkage between the onboard sensor data and the corresponding DSRC-transmitted remote vehicle information when both sets belong to the same object, for the purpose of enhancing host vehicle environment perceiving capability and reliability. This is a typical data association problem. The challenges mainly lie in the inherent uncertain nature of the observation data and the practical issues that information often suffers from delays and drops. We propose a track-based association approach using an interacting multiple model estimator with a sequential multiple hypothesis test (denoted as IMM-SMHT) as an ubiquitous solution to handle different situations in complicated driving scenarios. To fully exploit the potential of such a system, only position information (from the DSRC channel and onboard radar system) is used for the object matching purpose—we try to use the least amount of information to achieve a high association accuracy; additional information can be used but not currently considered. We aim to provide a real world solution, and therefore, a prototype vehicle system is built with practical consideration on market availability, cost, and sensor limitations. We design meaningful use cases for creating functionality modules from a systematic point of view. The inter-vehicle information fusion system based on the track fusion approach using the IMM-SMHT is tested in real traffic on the U.S. roads and shows promising object matching performance of significant practical feasibility.
SPMC: Socially-Aware Personalized Markov Chains for Sparse Sequential Recommendation

Dealing with sparse, long-tailed datasets, and cold-start problems is always a challenge for recommender systems. These issues can partly be dealt with by making predictions not in isolation, but by leveraging information from related events; such information could include signals from social relationships or from the sequence of recent activities. Both types of additional information can be used to improve the performance of state-of-the-art matrix factorization-based techniques. In this paper, we propose new methods to combine both social and sequential information simultaneously, in order to further improve recommendation performance. We show these techniques to be particularly effective when dealing with sparsity and cold-start issues in several large, real-world datasets.
Components of the yeast spindle and spindle pole body

Yeast spindle pole bodies (SPBs) with attached nuclear microtubles were enriched approximately 600-fold from yeast cell extracts. 14 mAbs prepared against this enriched SPB fraction define at least three components of the SPB and spindle. Immunofluorescent staining of yeast cells showed that throughout the cell cycle two of the components (110 and 90 kD) were localized exclusively to the SPB region, and the other (80 kD) was localized both to the SPB region and to particulate dots in short spindles. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed and extended most of these findings. Thus the 110-kD component was localized to a layer in the SPB just to the nuclear side of the plane of the inner nuclear membrane. The 90-kD component was localized in a layer across the cytoplasmic face of intact SPBs, and, in SPBs where nuclear microtubules were removed by extraction with DEAE-dextran, the 90-kD component was also found in an inner nuclear layer close to where spindle microtubules emerge. In intact SPBs with attached nuclear microtubules the anit-80-kD mAb labels microtubules, particularly those close to the SPB. These results begin to provide a preliminary molecular map of the SPB and should also enable the corresponding genes to be isolated.
Analysis of the Small GTPase Gene Superfamily of Arabidopsis1

Small GTP-binding proteins regulate diverse processes in eukaryotic cells such as signal transduction, cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and intracellular membrane trafficking. These proteins function as molecular switches that cycle between “active” and “inactive” states, and this cycle is linked to the binding and hydrolysis of GTP. The Arabidopsis genome contains 93 genes that encode small GTP-binding protein homologs. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes shows that plants contain Rab, Rho, Arf, and Ran GTPases, but no Ras GTPases. We have assembled complete lists of these small GTPases families, as well as accessory proteins that control their activity, and review what is known of the functions of individual members of these families in Arabidopsis. We also discuss the possible roles of these GTPases in relation to their similarity to orthologs with known functions and localizations in yeast and/or animal systems.
High-dose tricyclics potentiation with mirtazapine, lithium and partial sleep-deprivation: why not tricyclics in combination strategies for resistant melancholia?

In recent years, combination strategies (which involve adding additional antidepressants with a different neurochemical profile) and augmentation (with nonantidepressant drugs such as lithium, T3 and atypical antipsychotics) are being used more frequently to treat resistant unipolar melancholic depression [Yazici, 2009; Blier et al. 2010; Ruiz-Doblado et al. 2010]. The use of different combination and augmentation strategies in severe, resistant depression is based clinically and physiopathologically on the neurochemical complementarity of drugs, their synergies, on the improved tolerability and reduced undesirable effects when a second drug is associated, and also on the growing body of experience with combinations of antidepressants in naturalistic conditions of ‘real’ clinical practice [Rush et al. 2009]. However, the use of the strategy of combining several drugs in resistant diseases also presents a serious predicament in other areas of medicine (e.g. high-activity antiretroviral therapy [HAART], resistant hypertension, etc.). Given that the final objective of antidepressant treatment should be complete remission of the resistant melancholia and not just a simple response, different observations have endorsed that simultaneous administration of two antidepressants may produce neurochemical changes more quickly.
Performance of Two-Component Systems with Imperfect Repair

Operational systems deteriorate over time and eventually fail by the failure of one or more of their components. Failed components are either replaced or repaired, and replacement is usually expensive. This article examines the behavior of repairable systems with imperfect repair, where a failed component is repaired once or more depending on factors such as repair cost, level of deterioration, and criticality of the component. When these systems are subjected to a customer use environment, their performance must endure different conditions. In imperfect repair, the performance of the system lessens after each failure. Three models of a two-component system studied are the series, parallel, and standby configurations, and the components are identical and independent. A closed form analytical expression for steady state operational probability is derived for different configurations under exponential distribution time to failure and repair time. Two examples are then discussed thoroughly.
The inhibitory response of Azadirachta indica extract on nitric oxide production by milk leukocytes during clinical mastitis.

The somatic cell count (SCC), total bacterial count (TBC), differential leukocyte count (DLC) of milk and production of nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) by milk cells in response to hydro-methanolic extract of A. indica was evaluated against bovine mastitis. Thirty six lactating cows were selected and divided into four equal groups. Groups I and II consisted of 18 cows selected on the basis of somatic cell count (SCC) 4.5 million cells / mL of milk, were taken for the drug trial. The cows of group II and III received 700 mg sterile hydro-methanolic extract of A. indica by the intramammary route twice daily for 7 days. Cows in group IV positive for IMI were left as the untreated control. Observations were made up to 15 days post treatment (PT) for changes in SCC and TBC. The SCC and TBC reduced signifi cantly (P<0.05) as early as on day 3 in group III cows. Milk DLC and NOx production by milk cells were studied just prior to treatment and on day 5. In the present study the lymphocyte % in milk enhanced signifi cantly (P<0.05) in group III cows on day 5 PT, however the neutrophil % and NOx production by milk cells decreased signifi cantly (P<0.05) in group III cows on day 5, whereas no signifi cant changes in the SCC, TBC, NOx and milk DLC were observed in group IV cows in the post therapeutic period. The results suggest the anti infl ammatory, antibacterial potential of the herb, which activities could be due to the presence of bio-active principles that are anti-infl ammatory and antibacterial in nature. The present study therefore emphasizes the use of A. indica as an anti-infl ammatory and antibacterial drug against bovine mastitis. This is a preliminary trial indicating benefi cial effect of the herb against IMI; it can be developed as an alternative therapy against bovine mastitis.
Formation and Metabolism of Methylmalonyl Coenzyme A in Corynebacterium glutamicum

ABSTRACT Genome sequence information suggests that B12-dependent mutases are present in a number of bacteria, including members of the suborder Corynebacterineae like Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Corynebacterium glutamicum. We here functionally identify a methylmalonyl coenzyme A (CoA) mutase in C. glutamicum that is retained in all of the members of the suborder Corynebacterineae and is encoded by NCgl1471, NCgl1472, and NCgl1470. In addition, we observe the presence of methylmalonate in C. glutamicum, reaching concentrations of up to 757 nmol g (dry weight)−1 in propionate-grown cells, whereas in Escherichia coli no methylmalonate was detectable. As demonstrated with a mutase deletion mutant, the presence of methylmalonate in C. glutamicum is independent of mutase activity but possibly due to propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity. During growth on propionate, increased mutase activity has severe cellular consequences, resulting in growth arrest and excretion of succinate. The physiological context of the mutase present in members of the suborder Corynebacterineae is discussed.
Semantic rules classification for images annotation

In this paper, we present an approach to facilitate the annotation and the retrieval of the image documents. Our approach is based on the definition and the generation of semantic rules presented via the logic of predicates. Then, we proposed the classification of these rules by a method of clustering Fuzzy C-means. For this, we used the method of co-citation to calculate the similarity measure between images. This classification has grouped thematically these images with the aim to facilitate research and annotation. To validate our proposal, we implemented a tool tested on a set of images of the city center. Finally, we conducted a series of tests to evaluate our approach.
Tensile Tests of Large Gold, Silver and Copper Crystals

Large crystals of a number of metals have been made by Bridgman by slowly lowering a tube containing the metal through a furnace so that it cools from one end. By using a graphite tube Davey succeeded in making copper crystals by this method. He obtained crystals over six inches long and up to nearly one inch in diameter. The present paper describes some tensile tests on gold, silver and copper crystals which have been made by this method. Rods of the metal were melted in graphite tubes 0.25 inch diameter and 10 inches long, tapered at, one end. These were slowly lowered by clockwork through a platinum-wound electric tube furnace, the middle portion of which was maintained at, 100°C. above the melting-point of the metal. Nitrogen was passed slowly through the tube to prevent oxidation. In some cases the whole rod (about eight inches long) consisted of one crystal. It does not seem to be essential that the graphite tube should be tapered, as it, was sometimes found that a crystal growing from the point stopped a short distance up tire rod, and that a new crystal beginning here occupied the whole cross-section of the rod for the length that remained.
The Oxygen Sensitivity of Hamster Cheek Pouch Arterioles: In Vitro and in Situ Studies

We tested the hypothesis that a parenchymally derived mediator is required for arterioles to exhibit oxygen sensitivity. To that end, the parenchyma was dissected and removed from around hamster cheek pouch arterioles, and the oxygen sensitivity of these ‘aparenchymal arteriolar segments’ was studied, either in vitro, after cannularion, or in situ. Arteriolar segments in situ with and without parenchyma had similar oxygen sensitivities (20% constriction as Po? increased from 15 to 150 mm Hg). Arteriolar occlusion, which eliminated blood flow in the in situ aparenchymal segments, did not eliminate their oxygen sensitivity. The oxygen-induced constriction in the occluded aparenchymal segments was blunted but not eliminated by covering the segments with glass plates to prevent changes in P02 from occurring around these vessels. We hypothesized that propagation of a portion of the oxygen response might explain the persistent response in the covered and occluded arteriolar segments. Oxygen sensitivity could be shown in only 32% of the in vitro cannulated arterioles (16% mean constriction as P02 increased from 20 to 150 mm Hg). In contrast, 75% of aparenchymal arterioles were sensitive to changes in P02 in situ. These data led us to reject the hypothesis that a parenchymally derived mediator is absolutely required for arterioles to exhibit oxygen sensitivity. We infer that the oxygen sensitivity of hamster cheek pouch arterioles results partially or totally from the local action of oxygen on some component of the arteriolar wall or blood, that a portion of the oxygen response may be the result of a propagated phenomenon, and that the oxygen-sensitive component is fragile and is easily lost in preparation for in vitro measurements or in cannulation. It is emphasized that the O2sensor need not reside in vascular smooth muscle.
Assessing Habitat-Suitability Models with a Virtual Species at Khao Nan National Park, Thailand

— This study examined a habitat-suitability assessment method namely the Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA). A virtual species was created and then dispatched in a geographic information system model of a real landscape in three historic scenarios: (1) spreading, (2) equilibrium, and (3) overabundance. In each scenario, the virtual species was sampled and these simulated data sets were used as inputs for the ENFA to reconstruct the habitat suitability model. The ‘equilibrium’ scenario gives the highest quantity and quality among three scenarios. ENFA was sensitive to the distribution scenarios but not sensitive to sample sizes. The use of a virtual species proved to be a very efficient method, allowing one to fully control the quality of the input data as well as to accurately evaluate the predictive power of the analyses.
Maximum Entropy for Image Segmentation based on an Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization

Image segmentation is applied widely to image processing and object recognition. Threshold segmentation is a simple and important method in grayscale image segmentation. Information entropy can characterize the grayscale in formation of image and distinguish between the objectives and background. In this paper, we use exponential entropy instead of logarithmic entropy and propose a new multilevel thresholds image segmentation method based on maximum entropy and adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO). This proposed algorithm takes full account of the spatial information and the gray information to decrease the computing quantity. The APSO takes advantage of the characteristics of particle swarm optimization, through adaptively adjust particles flying speed to improve evolutional process of basic PSO. Standard test images and remote sensing image are segmented in experiment and compared with other related segmentation methods. Experimental results show that the APSO method can quickly converge with high computational efficiency.