Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bolivarian Revolution (Venezuela)

The Bolivarian Revolution is the name for the democratic social revolution occurring in Venezuela. It is named in honor of Latin American liberator Simon Bolivar and loosely defined is a populist revolution aimed at achieving democratic socialism and offering an alternative to the perceived destructive powers of unbridled imperialistic global capitalism. Since 2005, it is also often referred to as twenty-first-century socialism. The Bolivarian Revolution began in Venezuela during the presidency of President Hugo Chavez. Although Chavez is often mistakenly credited as its sole engine, the movement, due to its democratic nature, is powered largely by the people. This is not to say that Chavez has not been its most influential advocate and a necessary (though not sufficient) requisite for its viability so far, but rather that the movement has since taken on an independent nature and is proving to be truly people-driven. Keywords: government, politics, and law; Marxism; political sociology; capitalism; democracy; inequality; movements; revolution; social justice; socialism
Simplified DFT: A novel method for wideband spectrum sensing in cognitive radio

Four simplified discrete Fourier transform (SDFT)-based spectrum sensing methods are introduced for power spectral density (PSD) estimation for cognitive radio (CR). The SDFT-based spectrum sensing techniques are less computationally complex than DFT techniques since no multiplications are required in the time-to-frequency domain conversion process. The simulation results and mathematical analyses indicate that the performance of the SDFT-based spectrum sensing method is comparable to that of the DFT-based one when the received signal spectrum is lightly occupied.
Short text classification based on LDA topic model

As the rapid development of computer technology and network communication, short text data has increased enormously. Classifying the short text snippets is a great challenge to due to its less semantic information and high sparseness. In this paper, we proposed an improved short text classification method based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model and K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm. The generated probabilistic topics help both make the texts more semantic-focused and reduce the sparseness. In addition, we present a novel topic similarity measure method with the topic-word matrix and the relationship of the discriminative terms between two short texts. A short text dataset for experiment validation is constructed by crawling the posts from Sina News website. The extensive and comparable experimental results obtained show the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Review

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is a long-term consequence of single or repetitive closed head injuries for which there is no treatment and no definitive pre-mortem diagnosis. It has been closely tied to athletes who participate in contact sports like boxing, American football, soccer, professional wrestling and hockey. Risk factors include head trauma, presence of ApoE3 or ApoE4 allele, military service, and old age. It is histologically identified by the presence of tau-immunoreactive NFTs and NTs with some cases having a TDP-43 proteinopathy or beta-amyloid plaques. It has an insidious clinical presentation that begins with cognitive and emotional disturbances and can progress to Parkinsonian symptoms. The exact mechanism for CTE has not been precisely defined however, research suggest it is due to an ongoing metabolic and immunologic cascade called immunoexcitiotoxicity. Prevention and education are currently the most compelling way to combat CTE and will be an emphasis of both physicians and athletes. Further research is needed to aid in pre-mortem diagnosis, therapies, and support for individuals and their families living with CTE.
Cost of capital to Irish industry

This study reviews the theoretical background to recent discussions o f the measurement o f the cost of capital. Particular attention is paid to the correct specification o f tax variables (including depreciation, allowances, and reliefs). There is a discussion o f the alternative ways o f treating the effects o f price changes (capital gains or losses) on the cost o f capital. A number o f alternative measures o f the cost o f capital to Irish industry are presented. It is shown that the ratio o f labour to capital costs has risen steeply over the period 1953-69, no matter which definition o f the cost o f capital is accepted. Estimates of the elasticity o f substitution are presented on the basis o f data for capital, labour, wages and the cost o f capital for the period 1953-69. In conclusion the appropriateness of an industrialisation policy based on capital subsidies is questioned in the light of the evidence presented on the behaviour o f the cost o f capital in the post-war period. I . Introduction THE effect o f taxation on the cost o f capital has been the subject o f considerable discussion in recent years. This discussion has taken place largely in the context o f the study o f investment behaviour and, more recently, the study o f corporate financial structure and policy. The concept o f the cost or "rental price" o f capital arises also in the general area o f the demand for factors o f production, so that its measurement is o f considerable theoretical and „ practical relevance. I n this Note we outline the main conclusions o f the recent discussion on the issue, wi thout attempting to provide a comprehensive survey. W e present calculations o f an index o f the cost o f capital to Irish industry for the years 1953-1969, using a number o f the alternative measures that have been discussed. These alternatives are compared and related to the behaviour o f the *We wish to acknowledge helpful comments from Brendan Dowling, Kieran Kennedy, Dermot McAleese, John Martin and Desmond Norton. T h e usual disclaimer applies. wage rate in the same period. As an illustration we test the sensitivity o f estimates o f the elasticity o f substitution o f labour for capital i n Irish industry to the various specifications o f the cost o f capital. Filially we discuss briefly the policy implications o f our Results. I I . Theoretical Background The explicit incorporation o f tax variables into the neo-classical theory o f investment was due to Jorgensen (1963 and 1965). I n his basic model, a present value maximising f i r m chooses investment and labour hir ing programmes over an infinite horizon, subject to the constraints o f a smooth production function and exponential depreciation, 1 i.e. M a x £{ptQ,-w,L,-q,It){i+T)-' (1)
A network multi-processor for experiments in parallelism

Although both shared memory and loosely coupled parallel computing systems are now common, many still do not offer an easy way to design, implement, and test parallel algorithms. Our system provides software tools that make possible a variety of connection structures between processes. These structures are said to form a 'Network Multi-Processor', which is implemented on a local area network of heterogeneous UNIX-based timesharing computers, plus a set of processor boards dedicated to an application so that accurate timing measurements can be made. We explain how these tools have been used both to aid parallel algorithm development and to explore the properties of different computer interconnection methods.
Cooperative sensing using probabilistic graphical models in Cognitive Radio networks

We propose a new scheme for minimizing the probability of false alarm in cooperative CR (Cognitive Radio) networks by using graphical model theory. In order to improve the performance, we formulate a dynamical assignment for SUs (Secondary Users) to better detect PUs (Primary Users). A restriction in the assignment of SUs is adopted to reduce the complexity of optimal solution, and a sub-optimal message passing algorithm is presented based on the probabilistic graphical model.
Myocardial Ischemia Assessment in Chronic Kidney Disease: Challenges and Pitfalls

Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population and often presents with atypical symptoms. Current diagnostic investigations of myocardial ischemia in CKD lack sensitivity and specificity or may have adverse effects. We present a case vignette and explore the challenges of diagnostic myocardial stress investigation in patients with CKD.
2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside Isolated from Polygoni Multiflori Ameliorates the Development of Periodontitis

Periodontitis, a chronic infection by periodontopathic bacteria, induces uncontrolled inflammation, which leads to periodontal tissue destruction. 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-glucoside (THSG), a polyphenol extracted from Polygoni Multiflori, reportedly has anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of THSG on the Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammatory responses in human gingival fibroblasts and animal modeling of ligature-induced periodontitis. Human gingival fibroblast cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from P. gingivalis in the presence of resveratrol or THSG to analyze the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 genes. Increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and SirT1 expression were induced by THSG. Treatment of THSG decreased the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines, enhanced AMPK activation, and increased the expression of SirT1. In addition, it suppressed the activation of NF-κB when cells were stimulated with P. gingivalis LPS. The anti-inflammatory effect of THSG and P. Multiflori crude extracts was reproduced in ligature-induced periodontitis animal modeling. In conclusion, THSG inhibited the inflammatory responses of P. gingivalis-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts and ameliorated ligature-induced periodontitis in animal model.
WEAK CONVERGENCE AND OPTIMAL SCALINGOF RANDOM WALK METROPOLIS

This paper considers the problem of scaling the proposal distribution of a multidi-mensional random walk Metropolis algorithm, in order to maximize the eeciency of the algorithm. The main result is a weak convergence result as the dimension of a sequence of target densities, n, converges to 1. When the proposal variance is appropriately scaled according to n, the sequence of stochastic processes formed by the rst component of each Markov chain, converge to the appropriate limiting Langevin diiusion process. The limiting diiusion approximation admits a straightforward eeciency maxi-mization problem, and the resulting asymptotically optimal policy is related to the asymptotic acceptance rate of proposed moves for the algorithm. The asymptoti-cally optimal acceptance rate is 0.234 under quite general conditions. The main result is proved in the case where the target density has a symmetric product form. Extensions of the result are discussed.
Sox2 signaling in prosensory domain specification and subsequent hair cell differentiation in the developing cochlea

Sox2 is a high-mobility transcription factor that is one of the earliest markers of developing inner ear prosensory domains. In humans, mutations in SOX2 cause sensorineural hearing loss and a loss of function study in mice showed that Sox2 is required for prosensory formation in the cochlea. However, the specific roles of Sox2 have not been determined. Here we illustrate a dynamic role of Sox2 as an early permissive factor in prosensory domain formation followed by a mutually antagonistic relationship with Atoh1, a bHLH protein necessary for hair cell development. We demonstrate that decreased levels of Sox2 result in precocious hair cell differentiation and an over production of inner hair cells and that these effects are likely mediated through an antagonistic interaction between Sox2 and the bHLH molecule Atoh1. Using gain- and loss-of-function experiments we provide evidence for the molecular pathway responsible for the formation of the cochlear prosensory domain. Sox2 expression is promoted by Notch signaling and Prox1, a homeobox transcription factor, is a downstream target of Sox2. These results demonstrate crucial and diverse roles for Sox2 in the development, specification, and maintenance of sensory cells within the cochlea.
Spatially and Intertemporally Efficient Waste Management: The Costs of Interstate Flow Control

We examine the intertemporal allocation of the solid waste of cities within the United States to spatially distributed landfills and incinerators, taking into account that capacity at existing and potential landfills is scarce. Amendments have been proposed to restrict waste flows between states by means of quotas and surcharges. We assess the aggregate surplus loss (and its regional distribution) resulting from proposed policies. In addition, we find that limitations on the size of shipments to any one state can have the perverse effect of substantially increasing interstate waste shipments as states export smaller volumes to more destinations.
The foreign direct investment in CEE countries: an empirical application of gravity model using panel data estimator

The aim of the paper is to assess the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) inward for recent members of the EU using panel data methods. Our analysis is important because FDI is considered as a main contributor to economic development, modernization, income growth, catching process and changes in specialization structure. In this paper we adopt a rigorous econometric model to explain the FDI inflows. We examine the role played by economic and non-economic factors in FDI attractiveness. Using the gravity model and recent econometric techniques, we obtain the unbiased and convergent estimators. From an econometric point of view, the use of an FEVD estimator for the gravity model appears convenient for our data sample.
SupportingTrust in Autonomous Driving

Autonomous cars will likely hit the market soon, but trust into such a technology is one of the big discussion points in the public debate. Drivers who have always been in complete control of their car are expected to willingly hand over control and blindly trust a technology that could kill them. We argue that trust in autonomous driving can be increased by means of a driver interface that visualizes the car's interpretation of the current situation and its corresponding actions. To verify this, we compared different visualizations in a user study, overlaid to a driving scene: (1) a chauffeur avatar, (2) a world in miniature, and (3) a display of the car's indicators as the baseline. The world in miniature visualization increased trust the most. The human-like chauffeur avatar can also increase trust, however, we did not find a significant difference between the chauffeur and the baseline.
Planning Cooperative Motion for Distributed Mobile Agents

The problem of planning the motion is investigated for distributed multiple mobile agents A method is proposed for a few heterogeneous mobile agents (robots) of diierent sizes and moving capabitilies to coordinate their motions in a distributed manner to achieve a map-making task. The agents are assumed to have suucient memory to store the map and to be able to communicate with each other. Our approach makes use of an occupancy grid and a map is to be completed to a speciied resolution. The algorithm is described and computer simulation of the algorithm is reported.
Supporting Decision Making in Maritime Environmental Protection with a Knowledge-based Education and Awareness Approach

In this paper we present an approach which aims to support learners in general and environmental decision makers in particular, towards effective deci- sion making in maritime environmental pollution via education and awareness of specific maritime environmental pollution policies. We build on previous work concerning the automatic construction of multiple-choice questions from ontologies (automatic assessment) and extend it by integrating if-then rules towards building an environmental knowledge base for maritime pollution. Pre- liminary evaluation of this work is conducted with a prototype environmental pol- lution (focused on maritime pollution with oil) ontology in OWL and example rules in SWRL for capturing knowledge related to diagnosis, response and envi- ronmental-change events of oil spill pollution.
On reducing the cut ratio to the multicut problem

We compare two multicommodity ow problems, the maximum sum of ow, and the maximum concurrent ow. We show that, for a given graph and a given set of k commodities with speci ed demands, if the minimum capacity of a multicut is approximated by the maximum sum of ow within a factor of , for any subset of commodities, then the minimum cut ratio is approximated by the maximum concurrent ow within a factor of O( ln k).
Attendance and non-attendance at school

Encouraging positive school experiences is central to the process of lifting both achievement and retention rates among Aboriginal youth. While there is an emerging awareness that more Aboriginal children view school as rewarding and enjoyable than they previously did, this is not the experience of the majority. For most, school remains a place dominated by conflict and/or self-doubt. Explaining such responses is a complex matter, as the causes of non-attendance are constantly changing in accord with developments in modern life (Purdie and Buckley, 2010, p. 3). Chapter 1 explored the theoretical issues behind the often tenuous relationship between Aboriginal youth and school, while other chapters have dealt with the many underlying sociocultural factors.
An Alternative Algorithm for Detecting Anchor Points

Bougnol and Dula (M.L.Bougnol,J.H.Dula, 2009. Anchor point in DEA. European Journal of Operational Research 192 (2009) 668-676) recently proposed an alternative algorithm to identify anchor points. Despite its innovative aspect, it is very expensive from computational point of view. In this paper, an algorithm which identifies a main part of anchor points without solving any model is proposed. also, the re- maining anchor points are identified only by solving one model.
A CHANDRA SURVEY OF THE X-RAY PROPERTIES OF BROAD ABSORPTION LINE RADIO-LOUD QUASARS

This work presents the results of a Chandra study of 21 broad absorption line (BAL) radio-loud quasars (RLQs). We conducted a Chandra snapshot survey of 12 bright BAL RLQs selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data/Faint Images of the Radio Sky data and possessing a wide range of radio and C iv absorption properties. Optical spectra were obtained nearly contemporaneously with the Hobby–Eberly Telescope; no strong flux or BAL variability was seen between epochs. In addition to the snapshot targets, we include in our sample nine additional BAL RLQs possessing archival Chandra coverage. We compare the properties of (predominantly high-ionization) BAL RLQs to those of non-BAL RLQs as well as to BAL radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) and non-BAL RQQs for context. All 12 snapshots and 8/9 archival BAL RLQs are detected, with observed X-ray luminosities less than those of non-BAL RLQs having comparable optical/UV luminosities by typical factors of 4.1–8.5. (BAL RLQs are also X-ray weak by typical factors of 2.0–4.5 relative to non-BAL RLQs having both comparable optical/UV and radio luminosities.) However, BAL RLQs are not as X-ray weak relative to non-BAL RLQs as are BAL RQQs relative to non-BAL RQQs. While some BAL RLQs have harder X-ray spectra than typical non-BAL RLQs, some have hardness ratios consistent with those of non-BAL RLQs, and there does not appear to be a correlation between X-ray weakness and spectral hardness, in contrast to the situation for BAL RQQs. RLQs are expected to have X-ray continuum contributions from both accretion-disk corona and small-scale jet emission. While the entire X-ray continuum in BAL RLQs cannot be obscured to the same degree as in BAL RQQs, we calculate that the jet is likely partially covered in many BAL RLQs. We comment briefly on implications for geometries and source ages in BAL RLQs.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTI AGENT SYSTEM IN IDAPS MICRO GRID FOR OPTIMAL LOAD SCHEDULING NETWORK

This paper is describing about design and implementation of multi agent system in intelligent distributed autonomous power system (IDAPS) for a smart grid called micro grid for optimal load scheduling network. The different control architecture contains agents like Load agent, Control agent, and DER agent which are responsible for quick action for micro grid control. The multi agent controller is used as an open source agent building toolkit Java Agent Development framework (JADE). MATLab environment is used for Simulation. Interfacing is done with the help of MACSimJX to Simulink model with multi agent system during normal, fault and over load conditions. Simulation is carried out and Simulation results show that the proposed Multi-agent based controller effectively coordinated with different loads in micro grid to fulfill the requirement of continuous power supply to critical loads during all the worst conditions like fault, normal, and overload situations.
Développement d’une plateforme Web pour réduire l’usage de cannabis chez les jeunes qui fréquentent les centres d’éducation des adultes

Le cannabis est la drogue illicite la plus souvent consommee chez les jeunes adultes. Son usage est associe a l’echec et a l’abandon scolaire.L’utilisation de plateformes Web est de plus en plus populaire pour intervenir aupres de ces jeunes. Cet article a pour objectifs de presenter la methodologie utilisee et les resultats de chaque etape de developpement d’une plateforme Web qui vise a reduire l’usage de cannabis chez les jeunes adultes qui retournent a l’ecole.L’intervention mapping a servi de guide pour le developpement de cette plateforme. Les determinants du probleme sont d’abord documentes. Ces informations sont ensuite utilisees pour le developpement d’une matrice d’objectifs et pour le choix des methodes d’intervention. L’implication des populations cibles et des partenaires ainsi que le devis d’evaluation sont finalement decrits.Sept sequences de cinq expositions breves a des messages educatifs sur l’ordinateur ont ete developpees pour permettre aux jeunes de reconnaitre leur vulnerabilite par rapport a certaines situations a risque de consommer et pour les aider a prendre la decision de reduire ou d’arreter leur consommation. Differentes methodes d’apprentissage sont utilisees pour presenter les messages educatifs aux jeunes, notamment le tailoring et l’apprentissage par modele.L’intervention mapping a ete utile pour lier le savoir des populations visees aux connaissances theoriques et empiriques. Un projet pilote est actuellement evalue pour verifier l’impact de cette intervention sur l’usage de cannabis chez les jeunes adultes.