Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do Divorced Fathers Matter? The Impact of Parenting Styles of Divorced Fathers on the Well-Being of the Child

Previous research, which primarily focused on parenting of married parents or divorced mothers, indicated that authoritative parenting is positively related to children’s well-being. This article contributes to the literature by investigating parenting styles of divorced fathers and their influence on children’s well-being. Using a subsample (N = 684) of the multiactor Divorce in Flanders data set, we first compare parenting styles of residential fathers, fathers in joint custody, and nonresidential fathers. Second, the relationship between those parenting styles and children’s well-being is examined. Third, we investigate if this relationship differs according to custodial arrangements. Results indicate that nonresidential fathers are more permissive and uninvolved. Authoritative fathers in different custodial arrangements have a positive influence on children’s well-being.
Enhancing the Scope of Experimental Inquiry in Intervention Studies

Randomized field experiments can provide trustworthy evidence about the effects of interventions. But, investigators have limited control over important features of the field experiment (e.g., program implementation, receipt of intended and unintended services, retention of participants in the study). Unchecked, these factors can limit the technical adequacy and utility of the study. In the absence of direct control over these factors, efforts should be directed at developing valid indicators so their influence can be taken into account using advanced analytical techniques. Coupled with logical and statistical analyses, studies that cast a wider measurement net should provide more useful explanations for the pattern of observed effects.
On the performance of quantized equal gain transmission in mimo systems

A quantized equal gain transmission (QEGT) scheme operating in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is considered. We show that the QEGT scheme operating in MIMO systems over Rician fading channels can be analyzed by considering a corresponding receiver selection combining scheme operating in single-input multiple-output (SIMO) systems over correlated generalized Rician fading channels. As a special case, the QEGT scheme operating in MIMO systems over Rayleigh fading channels can be analyzed by considering a corresponding receiver selection combining scheme operating in SIMO systems over correlated Nakagami-m fading channels, where the Nakagami parameter m is set equal to the number of receive antennas.
Evaluating Testing Methods by Delivered Reliability

There are two main goals in testing software: (1) To achieve adequate quality (debug testing); the objective is to probe the software for defects so that these can be removed. (2) To assess existing quality (operational testing); the objective is to gain con dence that the software is reliable. The names are arbitrary, and most testing techniques address both goals to some degree. However, debug methods tend to ignore random selection of test data from an operational pro le, while for operational methods this selection is all-important. Debug methods are thought, without any real proof, to be good at uncovering defects so that these can be repaired, but having done so they do not provide a technically defensible assessment of the reliability that results. On the other hand, operational methods provide accurate assessment, but may not be as useful for achieving reliability. This paper examines the relationship between the two testing goals, using a probabilistic analysis. We de ne simple models of programs and their testing, and try to answer theoretically the question of how to attain program reliability: Is it better to test by probing for defects as in debug testing, or to assess reliability directly as in operational testing, uncovering defects by accident, so to speak? There is no simple answer, of course. Testing methods are compared in a model where program failures are detected and the software changed to eliminate them. The \better" method delivers higher reliability after all test failures have been eliminated. This comparison extends previous work, where the measure was the probability of detecting a failure. Revealing special cases are exhibited in which each kind of testing is superior. Preliminary analysis of the distribution of the delivered reliability indicates that even simple models have unusual statistical properties, suggesting caution in interpreting theoretical comparisons.
Number concept and rhythmic response in early childhood

When observing children playing rhythm echoes with percussion instruments it was noticed that they can repeat a certain number of sounds accurately and that this number increases depending on the children's age and musical experience. It was thought likely that this number has a direct correlation not only with the children's stage of motor development, but also with the development of numeracy, which includes working memory capacity and conservation ability. Moreover, this raised the question of whether we can make an analogy between the children's ability to enumerate homogeneous and heterogeneous sets of objects and their ability to perceive and repeat rhythm patterns that could be made up of both similar and/or different sounds in terms of duration and intensity (accent), even if produced by the same instrument. To test this hypothesis, three groups made up of 10 children – 2–4-year-olds (N=30) – were tested using a traditional task for early numeracy assessment and on their ability to perform a series of rhythm patterns by imitation. As expected, the study found a correlation between number concept development and the performing accuracy of rhythm patterns. Implications for music education strategies and materials are also discussed.
Automatic Preservation Watch using Information Extraction on the Web

The ability to recognize when digital content is becoming endangered is essential for maintaining the long-term, continuous and authentic access to digital assets. To achieve this ability, knowledge about aspects of the world that might hinder the preservation of content is needed. However, the processes of gathering, managing and reasoning on knowledge can become manually infeasible when the volume and heterogeneity of content increases, multiplying the aspects to monitor. Automation of these processes is possible [11, 21], but its usefulness is limited by the data it is able to gather. Up to now, automatic digital preservation processes have been restricted to knowledge expressed in a machine understandable language, ignoring a plethora of data expressed in natural language, such as the DPC Technology Watch Reports, which could greatly contribute to the completeness and freshness of data about aspects of the world related to digital preservation. This paper presents a real case scenario from the National Library of the Netherlands, where the monitoring of publishers and journals is needed. This knowledge is mostly represented in natural language on Web sites of the publishers and, therefore, is difficult to automatically monitor. In this paper, we demonstrate how we use information extraction technologies to find and extract machine readable information on publishers and journals for ingestion into automatic digital preservation watch tools. We show that the results of automatic semantic extraction are a good complement to iPRES ’13 Lisbon, Portugal existing knowledge bases on publishers [9, 20], finding newer and more complete data. We demonstrate the viability of the approach as an alternative or auxiliary method for automatically gathering information on preservation risks in digital content.
Hybrid Approach for Improved Particle Swarm Optimization using Adaptive Plan System with Genetic Algorithm

To reduce a large amount of calculation cost and to improve the convergence to the optimal solution for multi-peak optimization problems with multi-dimensions, we purpose a new method of Adaptive plan system with Genetic Algorithm (APGA). This is an approach for Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) using APGA. The hybrid strategy using APGA is introduced into PSO operator (H-PSOGA) to improve the convergence towards the optimal solution. The H-PSOGA is applied to some benchmark functions with 20 dimensions to evaluate its performance.
Pressing the red button: Consumers and digital television

Abstract The government intends to switch over all UK television transmissions from analogue to digital by 2010. But where do consumers stand on digital? Currently less than 60 per cent of the population claims to be aware of the plan for switchover. The key driver of take‐up for viewers who have already made the change is the desire for multichannel television rather than for digital per se. Between one‐tenth and one‐fifth of the population say they will never go digital. A key tool for digital television viewers is the electronic programme guide (EPG), which enables them to navigate around the many channels available and access interactive services. Concerns about the power of EPG operators to control the way in which programme information is made available to viewers led the commercial television regulator, the Independent Television Commission (ITC), to commission research into how EPGs influence viewing. This found that over a third of digital viewers (38 per cent) often used the EPG to decide what to watch. But respondents were not always aware from the EPG which channels were new: over three‐quarters (77 per cent) were interested in having them placed in their own section on the EPG or otherwise highlighted. A much‐quoted feature of digital television is interactivity, but this has not been a main driver of take‐up. Text and games appear the most popular interactive features. In the digital future, public service channels must be given due prominence on EPGs. However, digital technology may spell major changes for public service broadcasting. And it is still not clear how fully many viewers have grasped the implications of the digital television age. The chapter explores the notion that the very nature of channels may change as devices such as personal video recorders enable viewers to assemble their own programme schedules from the wide range of services available.
Toward a Grounded Theory of the Psychosocial Competencies and Environmental Conditions Associated with Soccer Success

The purposes of this study were to identify and examine psychosocial competencies among elite male adolescent soccer players in order to present a grounded theory of factors associated with soccer success. Participants (N = 40) were 20 Canadian international youth soccer players (M age = 16.8 years), 14 English professional youth soccer players (M age = 16.2 years), and 6 English professional coaches. Using grounded theory methodology (Strauss & Corbin, 1998), data analysis followed several coding procedures geared toward theory development. Four major psychosocial competencies that appear to be central to success in elite youth soccer emerged from the data. The competencies were labeled Discipline (i.e., conforming dedication to the sport and a willingness to sacrifice), Commitment (i.e., strong motives and career planning goals), Resilience (i.e., the ability to use coping strategies to overcome obstacles), and Social Support (i.e., the ability to use emotional, informational, and tangible support). These results are compared to existing sport talent development research and a grounded theory of the psychosocial competencies and environmental conditions associated with becoming a professional soccer player is presented. Research and practical implications arising from this exploratory theory are discussed.
The point-free approach to sheafification

Let Ω be an arbitrary frame, and consider the category Psh(Ω) of presheaves on Ω and the and the category Set(Ω) of Ω-sets. There are various other associated categories and functors between them. I describe these with emphasis on the functor which separates a presheaf and the functor that sheafifies a presheaf. These are notes from a short course (of 6 hours) given in August and September 2001. They are little more than a first draft, and may contain some errors. In particular the notes contain some comments in this kind of type face indicating that there is something still to be done or sorted out. If you find these notes useful or think there are parts that could be improved, please feel free to contact me. This version was compiled on September 21, 2001.
A Sensitive IHC Method for Monitoring Autophagy-Specific Markers in Human Tumor Xenografts

Objective. Use of tyramide signal amplification (TSA) to detect autophagy biomarkers in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) xenograft tissue. Materials and Methods. Autophagy marker regulation was studied in xenograft tissues using Amp HQ IHC and standard IHC methods. Results. The data demonstrate the feasibility of using high sensitivity TSA IHC assays to measure low abundant autophagy markers in FFPE xenograft tissue.
The Case for the Use of PPARγ Agonists as an Adjunctive Therapy for Cerebral Malaria

Cerebral malaria is a severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection associated with high mortality even when highly effective antiparasitic therapy is used. Adjunctive therapies that modify the pathophysiological processes caused by malaria are a possible way to improve outcome. This review focuses on the utility of PPARγ agonists as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of cerebral malaria. The current knowledge of PPARγ agonist use in malaria is summarized. Findings from experimental CNS injury and disease models that demonstrate the potential for PPARγ agonists as an adjunctive therapy for cerebral malaria are also discussed.
Classification Through Machine Learning Technique: C4. 5 Algorithm based on Various Entropies

Data mining is an interdisciplinary field of computer science and is referred to extracting or mining knowledge from large amounts of data. Classification is one of the data mining techniques that maps the data into the predefined classes and groups. It is used to predict group membership for data instances. There are many areas that adapt Data mining techniques such as medical, marketing, telecommunications, and stock, health care and so on. The C4.5 can be referred as the statistic Classifier. This algorithm uses gain radio for feature selection and to construct the decision tree. It handles both continuous and discrete features. C4.5 algorithm is widely used because of its quick classification and high precision. This paper proposed a C4.5 classifier based on the various entropies (Shannon Entropy, Havrda and Charvt entropy, Quadratic entropy) instance of Shannon entropy for classification. Experiment results show that the various entropy based approach is effective in achieving a high classification rate. Keywordsata Mining, Classification technique, Machine learning,
Retargeting the Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor to the Apical Surface of Polarized Epithelial Cells Reveals the Glycocalyx as a Barrier to Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer

ABSTRACT Lumenal delivery of adenovirus vectors (AdV) results in inefficient gene transfer to human airway epithelium. The human coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (hCAR) was detected by immunofluorescence selectively at the basolateral surfaces of freshly excised human airway epithelial cells, suggesting that the absence of apical hCAR constitutes a barrier to adenovirus-mediated gene delivery in vivo. In transfected polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, wild-type hCAR was expressed selectively at the basolateral membrane, whereas hCAR lacking the transmembrane and/or cytoplasmic domains was expressed on both the basolateral and apical membranes. Cells expressing apical hCAR still were not efficiently transduced by AdV applied to the apical surface. However, after the cells were treated with agents that remove components of the apical surface glycocalyx, AdV transduction occurred. These results indicate that adenovirus can infect via receptors located at the apical cell membrane but that the glycocalyx impedes interaction of AdV with apical receptors.
Social Network Analysis of Peasant Agriculture: Cooperative Labor as Gendered Relational Networks

Social network analysis is increasingly used by geographers to better understand network phenomena. This article employs a promising analytic approach for the study of relational networks in human geography—dyadic regression analysis (DRA)—to examine labor sharing networks among peasant households. Data from a floodplain community in the Peruvian Amazon are incorporated into a relational data set that represents all reported cooperative labor flows for agriculture over one year. Matrices capturing both link and node (household) attributes are analyzed to explain the formation of cooperative labor links and the intensity (and direction) of labor flows. Results reveal that cooperative labor, which entails work predominantly done by males, is strongly shaped by relations among women, as well as by kin networks and household structure. Our findings suggest the utility of DRA for the study of other relational networks of interest to geographers.
Increased Pho Regulon Activation Correlates with Decreased Virulence of an Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli O78 Strain

ABSTRACT Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) strains are associated with respiratory infections, septicemia, cellulitis, peritonitis, and other conditions, since colibacillosis manifests in many ways. The Pho regulon is jointly controlled by the two-component regulatory system PhoBR and by the phosphate-specific transport (Pst) system. To determine the specific roles of the PhoBR regulon and the Pst system in the pathogenesis of the APEC O78 strain χ7122, different phoBR and pst mutant strains were tested in vivo in chickens and in vitro for virulence traits. Mutations resulting in constitutive activation of the Pho regulon rendered strains more sensitive than the wild type to hydrogen peroxide and to the bactericidal effects of rabbit serum. In addition, production of type 1 fimbriae was also impaired in these strains. Using a chicken competitive infection model, all PhoB constitutive mutants were outcompeted by the wild-type parent, including strains containing a functional Pst system. Cumulative inactivation of the Pst system and the PhoB regulator resulted in a restoration of virulence. In addition, loss of the PhoB regulator alone did not affect virulence in the chicken infection model. Interestingly, the level of attenuation of the mutant strains correlated directly with the level of activation of the Pho regulon. Overall, results indicate that activation of the Pho regulon rather than phosphate transport by the Pst system plays a major role in the attenuation of the APEC O78 strain χ7122.
Forearm blood glucose testing in diabetes mellitus

Aims: To compare the accuracy and acceptability of capillary blood glucose testing from the forearm with finger prick testing in diabetic children. Methods: Blood glucose measurements from samples taken from the forearm and the finger were compared in an outpatient setting from 52 children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus aged 6–17 years. Opinions on forearm sampling were collected by questionnaire. Results: Blood glucose results obtained from forearm sampling correlated well with results from the finger measured by the Yellow Springs Instrument analyser. Error grid analysis showed that 100% of measurements were clinically acceptable; 61% of children reported that forearm testing was painless and 19% that it was less painful than finger prick testing. Conclusion: Forearm testing is an acceptable alternative to finger prick testing for blood glucose measurement in children and adolescents.
Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged women.

CONTEXT Sugar-sweetened beverages like soft drinks and fruit punches contain large amounts of readily absorbable sugars and may contribute to weight gain and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, but these relationships have been minimally addressed in adults. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight change and risk of type 2 diabetes in women. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective cohort analyses conducted from 1991 to 1999 among women in the Nurses' Health Study II. The diabetes analysis included 91,249 women free of diabetes and other major chronic diseases at baseline in 1991. The weight change analysis included 51,603 women for whom complete dietary information and body weight were ascertained in 1991, 1995, and 1999. We identified 741 incident cases of confirmed type 2 diabetes during 716,300 person-years of follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Weight gain and incidence of type 2 diabetes. RESULTS Those with stable consumption patterns had no difference in weight gain, but weight gain over a 4-year period was highest among women who increased their sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption from 1 or fewer drinks per week to 1 or more drinks per day (multivariate-adjusted means, 4.69 kg for 1991 to 1995 and 4.20 kg for 1995 to 1999) and was smallest among women who decreased their intake (1.34 and 0.15 kg for the 2 periods, respectively) after adjusting for lifestyle and dietary confounders. Increased consumption of fruit punch was also associated with greater weight gain compared with decreased consumption. After adjustment for potential confounders, women consuming 1 or more sugar-sweetened soft drinks per day had a relative risk [RR] of type 2 diabetes of 1.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42-2.36; P<.001 for trend) compared with those who consumed less than 1 of these beverages per month. Similarly, consumption of fruit punch was associated with increased diabetes risk (RR for > or =1 drink per day compared with <1 drink per month, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.33-3.03; P =.001). CONCLUSION Higher consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with a greater magnitude of weight gain and an increased risk for development of type 2 diabetes in women, possibly by providing excessive calories and large amounts of rapidly absorbable sugars.
Legitimation and Evolution on the Italian Right Wing: Social and Ideological Repositioning of Alleanza Nazionale and the Lega Nord

From its position as the epitome of the ‘old’ post-war fascist extreme right party, the Movimento Sociale Italiano/Alleanza Nazionale (AN) has shifted towards the ideological centre and reinvented itself as a proto-conservative party to exploit the new institutional logic of the post-1993 Italian political system. Conversely, the Northern League has shifted from its position as regionalist protest party to an actor more akin to other European extreme right parties, particularly in its authoritarian and anti-immigrant rhetoric. While the AN's evolution under Gianfranco Fini has seen it reintroduced into the political mainstream and included in the Forza-Italia-led government, this article examines the residual extremist views, such as support for fascism, found among the voters and members of the party. Moreover, despite the centre convergence and nationalization of the AN, the implantation of the Northern League in extremist ideological space demonstrates that there is a potential pool of voters receptive to anti-immigrant and populist-authoritarian appeal.
Towards Automatic Music Transcription : Extraction of MIDI-Data out of Polyphonic Piano Music

Driven by the increasing amount of music available electronically the need of automatic search and retrieval systems for music becomes more and more important. In this paper an algorithm for automatic transcription of polyphonic piano music into MIDI data is presented, which is a very interesting basis for database applications and music analysis. The first part of the algorithm performs a note accurate temporal audio segmentation. The resulting segments are examined to extract the notes played in the second part. An algorithm for chord separation based on Independent Subspace Analysis is presented. Finally, the results are used to build a MIDI file.