Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
900 MHz multipath propagation measurements for US digital cellular radiotelephone

The results of multipath power delay profile measurements of 900-MHz mobile radio channels in Washington, DC, Greenbelt, MD, Oakland, CA, and San Francisco, CA, are presented. The measurements have focused on acquiring worst-case profiles for typical operating locations. The data reveal that at over 98% of the measured locations, RMS (root mean square) delay spreads are less than 12 mu s. Urban areas typically have RMS delay spreads on the order of 2 to 3 mu s and have continuous multipath power out to excess delays of 5 mu s. In hilly residential areas and in open areas within a city, RMS delay spreads are slightly larger, typically having values of 5 to 7 mu s. In very rare instances, reflections from city skylines and mountains can cause RMS delay spreads in excess of 20 mu s. The worst-case profiles show resolvable components at excess delays of 100 mu s which are 15 dB down from the first arriving signal. Depending on the precise symbol duration, unequalized 40-kb/s TDMA (time division multiple access) channels will be harmed by multipath at less than 1% to 4% of vehicle locations. <<ETX>>
Leading Computational Methods on Scalar and Vector HEC Platforms

The last decade has witnessed a rapid proliferation of superscalar cache-based microprocessors to build high-end computing (HEC) platforms, primarily because of their generality, scalability, and cost effectiveness. However, the growing gap between sustained and peak performance for full-scale scientific applications on conventional supercomputers has become a major concern in high performance computing, requiring significantly larger systems and application scalability than implied by peak performance in order to achieve desired performance. The latest generation of custom-built parallel vector systems have the potential to address this issue for numerical algorithms with sufficient regularity in their computational structure. In this work we explore applications drawn from four areas: atmospheric modeling (CAM), magnetic fusion (GTC), plasma physics (LBMHD3D), and material science (PARATEC). We compare performance of the vector-based Cray X1, Earth Simulator, and newly-released NEC SX-8 and Cray X1E, with performance of three leading commodity-based superscalar platforms utilizing the IBM Power3, Intel Itanium2, and AMD Opteron processors. Our work makes several significant contributions: the first reported vector performance results for CAM simulations utilizing a finite-volume dynamical core on a high-resolution atmospheric grid; a new data-decomposition scheme for GTC that (for the first time) enables a breakthrough of the Teraflop barrier; the introduction of a new three-dimensional Lattice Boltzmann magneto-hydrodynamic implementation used to study the onset evolution of plasma turbulence that achieves over 26Tflop/s on 4800 ES promodity-based superscalar platforms utilizing the IBM Power3, Intel Itanium2, and AMD Opteron processors, with modern parallel vector systems: the Cray X1, Earth Simulator (ES), and the NEC SX-8. Additionally, we examine performance of CAM on the recently-released Cray X1E. Our research team was the first international group to conduct a performance evaluation study at the Earth Simulator Center; remote ES access is not available. Our work builds on our previous efforts [16, 17] and makes several significant contributions: the first reported vector performance results for CAM simulations utilizing a finite-volume dynamical core on a high-resolution atmospheric grid; a new datadecomposition scheme for GTC that (for the first time) enables a breakthrough of the Teraflop barrier; the introduction of a new three-dimensional Lattice Boltzmann magneto-hydrodynamic implementation used to study the onset evolution of plasma turbulence that achieves over 26Tflop/s on 4800 ES processors; and the largest PARATEC cell size atomistic simulation to date. Overall, results show that the vector architectures attain unprecedented aggregate performance across our application suite, demonstrating the tremendous potential of modern parallel vector systems.
Global m = 1 modes and migration of protoplanetary cores in eccentric protoplanetary discs

We calculate global m = 1 modes with low pattern speed corresponding to introducing a nite ec- centricity into a protoplanetary disc. We consider disc models which are either isolated or contain one or two protoplanets orbiting in an inner cavity. Global modes that are strongly coupled to inner protoplanets are found to have disc orbits which tend to have apsidal lines antialigned with respect to those of the inner protoplanets. Other modes corresponding to free disc modes may be global over a large range of length scales and accordingly be long lived. We consider the motion of a protoplanet in the earth mass range embedded in an eccentric disc and determine the equilibrium orbits which maintain xed apsidal alignment with respect to the disc gas orbits. Equilibrium eccentricities are found to be comparable or possibly exceed the disc eccentricity. We then approx- imately calculate the tidal interaction with the disc in order to estimate the orbital migration rate. Results are found to deviate from the case of axisymmetric disc with near circular protoplanet orbit once eccentricities of protoplanet and disc orbits become comparable to the disc aspect ratio in magnitude. Aligned protoplanet orbits with very similar eccentricity to that of the gas disc are found to undergo litle eccentricity change while undergoing inward migration in general. However, for signicantly larger orbital eccentricities, migration may be signicantly reduced or even reverse from inwards to outwards. Thus the existence of global non circular motions in discs with radial excursions comparable to the semi-thickness may have important consequences for the migration and survival of protoplanetary cores in the earth mass range.
An Endogenous Carbon-Sensing Pathway Triggers Increased Auxin Flux and Hypocotyl Elongation1[C][W][OA]

The local environment has a substantial impact on early seedling development. Applying excess carbon in the form of sucrose is known to alter both the timing and duration of seedling growth. Here, we show that sucrose changes growth patterns by increasing auxin levels and rootward auxin transport in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Sucrose likely interacts with an endogenous carbon-sensing pathway via the PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) family of transcription factors, as plants grown in elevated carbon dioxide showed the same PIF-dependent growth promotion. Overexpression of PIF5 was sufficient to suppress photosynthetic rate, enhance response to elevated carbon dioxide, and prolong seedling survival in nitrogen-limiting conditions. Thus, PIF transcription factors integrate growth with metabolic demands and thereby facilitate functional equilibrium during photomorphogenesis.
An Integrated Representation of Fingerprint Patterns

A vinylidene fluoride resin fiber have a diameter of not less than 0.5 mm, and satisfy the formulae (1) and (2):Ra>/=0.5(1)Rb>/=(Ra+Rc)/3.0(2)wherein Rc represents a ratio of absorbance at 765 cm-1 of alpha -type crystal to that at 843 cm-1 of beta -type crystal at the center point of a fiber cross-section, Rb represents a ratio of absorbance at 765 cm-1 of alpha -type crystal to that at 843 cm-1 of beta -type crystal at the point of r/3 from the center point thereof, and Ra represents a ratio of absorbance at 765 cm-1 of alpha -type crystal to that at 843 cm-1 of beta -type crystal at the point of 2r/3 from the center point thereof, wherein r is a radius of the fiber cross-section.
We can’t see the forest for the trees. The environmental impact of global forest certification is unknown

The role of private instruments such as certification systems in global environmental governance is continuously expanding. Therefore it is becoming increasingly important to know the environmental impact of these schemes. However, the sustainability impact of forest certification standards is largely unknown. Although much academic and policy-oriented research has been done, most analyses are desk studies – a paper reality has been created. Therefore we propose a global multi-disciplinary assessment to evaluate the environmental, social and economic impacts of sustainability certification.
Consistent High-Dimensional Bayesian Variable Selection via Penalized Credible Regions

For high-dimensional data, particularly when the number of predictors greatly exceeds the sample size, selection of relevant predictors for regression is a challenging problem. Methods such as sure screening, forward selection, or penalized regressions are commonly used. Bayesian variable selection methods place prior distributions on the parameters along with a prior over model space, or equivalently, a mixture prior on the parameters having mass at zero. Since exhaustive enumeration is not feasible, posterior model probabilities are often obtained via long Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) runs. The chosen model can depend heavily on various choices for priors and also posterior thresholds. Alternatively, we propose a conjugate prior only on the full model parameters and use sparse solutions within posterior credible regions to perform selection. These posterior credible regions often have closed-form representations, and it is shown that these sparse solutions can be computed via existing algorithms. The approach is shown to outperform common methods in the high-dimensional setting, particularly under correlation. By searching for a sparse solution within a joint credible region, consistent model selection is established. Furthermore, it is shown that, under certain conditions, the use of marginal credible intervals can give consistent selection up to the case where the dimension grows exponentially in the sample size. The proposed approach successfully accomplishes variable selection in the high-dimensional setting, while avoiding pitfalls that plague typical Bayesian variable selection methods.
Rational Fools: A Critique of the Behavioral Foundations of Economic Theory

En 1881, Edgeworth posait comme premier principe de l'economie le fait "que chaque agent a comme motivation unique son interet propre". Cette conception egoiste de l'homme a penetre la theorie economique et y persiste. L'A. demontre l'inconsistance des concepts qui en sont les points nodaux: "rationalite" de la "conduite" qui consiste a "choisir" selon "l'ordre de ses preferences" ou selon le critere de "l'engagement financier" ou de "l'utilite".
CU-Simulator: A Parallel Scalable Simulation Platform for Radio Channel in Wireless Sensor Networks

Due to the computational intensive nature, the current available WSN simulators, which are based on the traditional CPU computing architecture, cannot run in a linear scalability. In this paper, we propose and set up CU-Simulator, a parallel radio channel simulator to enhance the performance for simulating data packet transmission in WSNs using NVIDIA’s CUDA-enabled GPU parallel computing architecture. First, the node positions are simulated on GPU. Second, we propose an efficient data structure for acceleration, called CUDA-quad-trees, residing in the fast on-chip memory of GPU, to organize sensor nodes in such a manner that the detection of possible transmitters is facilitated. Third, a CUDA parallel radio channel simulating engine is established. Experimental results show that CU-Simulator has a super-linear scalability and greatly outperforms a CPU implementation with up to 452.07-times speedup on an HP Z800 workstation with a NVIDIA Tesla C2070 card and an Intel Xeon Core-quad CPU.
Bibliometric analysis in financial research

Bibliometrics is a research field that analyzes the bibliographic material quantitatively. It provides efficient methodologies for classifying the information of a scientific discipline. This paper presents an overview of the most productive and influential authors and institutions in finance by using bibliometric indicators. The information is classified by using several global rankings that consider a wide range of indicators including number of papers, citations and the h-index. In general, the results are in accordance with the common knowledge and confirm the results obtained in previous studies providing updated information and more general representations. The USA is the most influential country in finance and the majority of influential authors and institutions are working there.
An empirical model of mainframe computer investment

This paper introduces a dynamic model of investment decisions in mainframe computer systems. I estimate and test the model using detailed micro data from a company in the telecommunications industry. The model accounts for ‘technological depreciation’ which distinguishes computers from other investment goods where physical depreciation is typically a key factor underlying replacement investment decisions. The company increased its installed mainframe computer capacity by over 30-fold over the 10‐year sample period. Part of this growth was undoubtedly due to the huge increase in performance and the corresponding drop in the per unit cost of processing capacity of mainframes, a consequence of ‘Moore's law’. However, there was also tremendous growth in the need for computers for billing, account processing and other tasks, due to the rapid growth in the telecommunications industry over this same time period. I estimate the unknown parameters of the investment model using a nonlinear least squares–nested fixed‐point algorithm (NLS‐NFXP), which solves the Bellman equation underlying the dynamic model of investment and replacement of mainframe computers by nonlinear least squares. I demonstrate that it is feasible to estimate this model on an ordinary PC, whereas standard discretization approaches to solving the firm's optimal investment policy might not even be feasible using supercomputers. I show that the estimated model fits the data very well, and accurately captures the large growth in installed mainframe capacity, the timing and magnitude of replacement investment, as well as periodic upgrades of existing mainframe units. I use the model to decompose how much of the 30‐fold increase in mainframe computer capacity is due to ‘Moore's law’ (i.e. the huge drop in the unit cost of installed mainframe capacity), and how much is due to the growth in demand for services of mainframes, due to the rapid growth in demand for telecommunications services (particularly cell phone accounts) by the firm's customers. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel feature extraction technique to retrieve vegetation class for fire risk assessment

This paper presents the work done in an attempt to develop an automatic computer vision system for the identification of dense and sparse grasses from the roadside. One of the major problems for the identification of this kind of grasses is similar spectral signature with respect to the color, shape and also irregular distribution in the field. However concerns regarding the application have prompted increasing interests in seeking a novel feature extraction technique that can be used in identifying dense and sparse regions from roadside. This paper describes a new strategy involving two processes: extracting features with novel feature extraction technique and decision making. The strategy consists of a novel feature extraction technique that is effective for extraction of features from the digital image while decision making is based on nonlinear Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a radial basis function. Analysis of the results reveals that proposed feature extraction technique with SVM achieves above 93% accuracy on test images.
Dual-Wideband Bandpass Filters with Extended Stopband Based on Coupled-Line and Coupled Three-Line Resonators

Coupled-line and coupled three-line resonators are pro- posed to design dual-wideband bandpass fllters. Compared with the shorted and open stubs shunt at the same locations of the main line, in addition to saving the circuit area, these resonators provide alter- native ways to the design of dual-wideband fllters, with larger possible bandwidths and difierent frequency ratio of the two center passbands. The geometric parameters of the coupled-line and the coupled three- line structures are determined by deriving their equivalent circuits to a shunt open stub in parallel connection with a shunt shorted stub. To extend the upper stopband, a cross-shaped admittance inverter is devised to play the role of the 90-degree transmission line section at the center frequency and to create transmission zeros at the spurious passbands, so that the upper stopband of the fllter can be extended. It is a quarter-wave section with two open stubs of unequal lengths shunt at its center. For demonstration, two dual-wideband bandpass fllters operating at 900/1575MHz and 900/2000MHz are fabricated and measured. Measured results of the experimental circuits show good agreement with simulated responses.
Timetable design for Osaka International University using Differential Evolution

Timetabling problem is a kind of combinatorial optimizations. However, it is very difficult to be solved the timetabling problem from the enormous combination total number and the complexity of the limitation condition. In this study, we develop the timetabling algorithm for Osaka International University (OIU). However, it is difficult to design and solving the problem with many constraints. So, in this paper, we design the reduced model and propose a solution method by Differential Evolution (DE). This study is a new trial such as to apply the DE to timetabling problem. Furthermore, we propose one of generating method of initial population.
The Efficiency of 'In-Play' Australian Rules Football Betting Markets

This paper examines the efficiency of the “in-play” Australian Rules football fixed odds betting market at quarter time, half time, and three quarter time. Tests of semi-strong efficiency are performed on the 2009 AFL season using logistic regression analysis. The results demonstrate that as the match progresses, there is a significant bias against the team that is currently leading—a bias that increases when the team that is leading is also the away-favorite. This bias is shown to yield significant profits utilizing simple betting strategies.
Sum of squares based nonlinear control design for diesel engine

In this paper we propose a nonlinear controller based on sum of squares decomposition applied to turbocharged diesel engine. The basic idea is to employ polynomial Lyapunov function in order to formulate the stability sufficient condition in the terms of state dependent matrix inequalities. The obtained controller gain guarantees the global convergence of the system and regulates the flows for the Variable Geometry Turbocharger and the Exhaust Gas Recirculation systems in order to minimize the NOx emission and the smoke of diesel engine. Simulation of the control performances through a professional software shows the effectiveness of this approach.
Spasticity in multiple sclerosis and role of glatiramer acetate treatment

Spasticity is one of the most disabling and difficult‐to‐treat symptoms shown by patients with multiple sclerosis, who often show a suboptimal and unsatisfactory response to classic treatment and new available nonpharmacological alternatives. Due to the progressive nature of this condition, the early management should be essential to improve long‐term outcomes.
Comparing metrics across TREC and NTCIR:: the robustness to pool depth bias

Test collections are growing larger, and relevance data constructed through pooling are suspected of becoming more and more incomplete and biased [1]. Relevance data are incomplete if there exist some relevant documents among the unjudged documents in the test collection. Furthermore, incomplete relevance data are biased if they represent some limited aspects of the complete set of relevant documents. For example, if the number of pooled systems is small, the resultant test collection may overestimate these systems and underestimate systems that did not contribute to the pool. We will refer to this phenomenon as system bias. Bias may also be caused by shallow pools: If only documents at the very top of submitted ranked lists are judged, the resultant relevance data may contain relevant documents that are very easy to retrieve, but not those that are difficult to retrieve. We will refer to this phenomenon as pool depth bias. The objective of this paper is to examine the robustness of retrieval effectiveness metrics in the presence of pool depth bias, with an emphasis on those that can handle graded relevance. Several researchers have proposed evaluation metrics specifically for handling the incompleteness of relevance data, but most of them have only examined the metrics under incomplete but unbiased conditions, using random subsamples of the original relevance data (e.g. [1, 6, 7]). While random subsampling may mimic a situation where the number of judged documents is extremely small compared to the entire document collection, it does not address the problems due to system bias and pool depth bias. Therefore, this paper examines metrics in more realistic settings, by reducing the pool depth. We have also examined the effect of system bias, but will report on the results in a separate paper [5]. The metrics we examine are: Average Precision (AP), Q-measure (Q) [4, 6], nDCG [2], Rank-Biased Precision (RBP) [3], their condensed-list versions AP′, Q′, nDCG′,
Interest rates, prices and liquidity : lessons from the financial crisis

1. New instruments of monetary policy Jagjit S. Chadha and Sean Holly 2. Liquidity and monetary policy Douglas Gale 3. Interest rate policies and the stability of banking systems Hans Gersbach and Jan Wenzelberger 4. Handling liquidity shocks: QE and Tobin's q Marcus Miller and John Driffill 5. Asset purchase policies and portfolio effects: a DSGE analysis Richard Harrison 6. Financial intermediaries in an estimated DSGE model for the UK Stefania Villa and Jing Yang 7. Unconventional monetary policy, central bank balance sheets and long term forward rates Sharon Kozicki, Eric Santor and Lena Suchanek 8. Non-standard monetary policy measures and monetary developments Domenico Giannone, Michele Lenza, Huw Pill and Lucrezia Reichlin 9. Quantitative easing: one year on Spencer Dale 10. What saved the banks: unconventional monetary or fiscal policy? Mike Wickens 11. Non-conventional monetary policies: three views from the DSGE literature Evren Caglar, Jack Meaning, Alex Waters, James Warren and Jagjit Chadha.
Numerical Analysis of an H 1-Galerkin Mixed Finite Element Method for Time Fractional Telegraph Equation

We discuss and analyze an H 1-Galerkin mixed finite element (H 1-GMFE) method to look for the numerical solution of time fractional telegraph equation. We introduce an auxiliary variable to reduce the original equation into lower-order coupled equations and then formulate an H 1-GMFE scheme with two important variables. We discretize the Caputo time fractional derivatives using the finite difference methods and approximate the spatial direction by applying the H 1-GMFE method. Based on the discussion on the theoretical error analysis in L 2-norm for the scalar unknown and its gradient in one dimensional case, we obtain the optimal order of convergence in space-time direction. Further, we also derive the optimal error results for the scalar unknown in H 1-norm. Moreover, we derive and analyze the stability of H 1-GMFE scheme and give the results of a priori error estimates in two- or three-dimensional cases. In order to verify our theoretical analysis, we give some results of numerical calculation by using the Matlab procedure.