Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Return-to-Golf Rate After Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: With advancements in the technology, techniques, and biomechanical understanding of shoulder arthroplasty, higher rates of postoperative return to various sports have been seen in the past decade. Purpose: To observe the return-to-golf rate after various types of shoulder arthroplasty (anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty [TSA], hemiarthroplasty [HA], and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty [RSA]) and also to review the protocols for return to golf. Study Design: Scoping review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed in a search of PubMed, JSTOR, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and CORE using the keywords “return to sport,”“shoulder arthroplasty,”“golf,”“TSA,”“shoulder arthroplasty,”“hemiarthroplasty,”“reverse shoulder arthroplasty,”“RSA,”“sports,” and “athlete. ” Of 145 preliminary results, 10 retrospective studies (n = 178 patients) published between 1998 and 2021 were included in the final analysis. Results: The mean patient age was 65 years. Of the 172 patients with reported return-to-sport rates, the mean return-to-golf rate was 75.8% for all types of shoulder arthroplasty. Of these 172 patients, 107 patients were categorized by type of procedure: Anatomic TSA had the highest return-to-golf rate at 77.6% (49/107), followed by HA at 64.3% (14/107) and RSA at 59.1% (44/107). Four studies commented on return to the full 18 holes of golf, with a return-to-sport timeline ranging from 5 to 6 months postoperatively. One study specified the return-to-golf timeline based on the type of shot and reported the mean number of weeks before putting, chipping, and returning to the course as 20, 22, and 27 weeks, respectively. Two studies that reported on golf playing frequency noted an increase from before to 1 year after TSA, from a mean of 1.6 and 0.7 times per week to 2.0 and 1.7 times per week, respectively. Only 1 study, published in 1998, provided a comprehensive return-to-golf protocol. Conclusion: The return-to-golf rate after shoulder arthroplasty was highest after anatomic TSA (78%) compared with HA (64%) and RSA (59%). The most commonly reported duration before returning to a full 18 holes was 5 to 6 months, but patients returned to putting and chipping earlier.
Wind and wave climate in the vicinity of Bozcaada

Kiyi muhendisliginin en onemli konularindan biri dalgalarin kiyi alanina olan etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Kiyi alanlarinda bircok tipte deniz yapilari insa edilmektedir. Bu yapilardan bazilari limanlar icin yanasma yerleri ve dalgakiranlar, kiyi koruma icin kiyi duvarlari, acik deniz dalgakiranlari ve mahmuzlardir. Bu yapilarin planlanmasinda, tasariminda, insasinda ve kiyi cizgisi degisiminin belirlenmesinde dikkate alinacak ana faktor dalga parametreleridir. Bozcaada kiyi bolgesinde ruzgar ve dalga iklimi calismasi yapilmistir. Dalga tahmininde kullanilan ruzgar verileri Devlet Meteoroloji Isleri Genel Mudurlugu’den temin edilmistir. Veriler 17111 nolu istasyonun Ocak 1980- Temmuz 2010 donemini kapsayan 30 yillik doneme ait saatlik ruzgar verilerini icermektedir. Veriler degerlendirilerek 1980-2010 yillari arasinda saatlik ruzgar dagilim yuzdeleri, ruzgar hizlarinin yonlere gore frekans dagilimi ve yonsel agirlikli hiz ortalamalari elde edilmistir. Ampirik dalga tahmin yontemlerinden SMB yontemi ile bu bolgeleye ait dalga parametreleri belirlenmistir. Ayrica calisma kapsaminda MIKE 21 SW numerik modeli kullanilarak ruzgar ve dalga gulleri elde edilmistir. Model icin gerekli olan ruzgar verileri ECMWF (Avrupa Orta Vadeli Hava Tahmin Merkezi) ERA Interim veri setinden elde edilmistir. Ruzgar-dalga modelinin kalibrasyonu icin Turkiye kiyilarinda NATO TU-WAVES projesi kapsaminda Bozcaada samandira istasyonu icin 21 Kasim 1994-30 Eylul 1995 tarihleri arasinda kaydedilen veriler kullanilmistir. ECMWF verilerine gore modelden elde dilen sonuclara bakildiginda dalgalarin genellikle Bozcaada icin Guney ve Guney dogu yonlerinde daha etkili oldugu gorulmustur.
Adaptation et mise en œuvre du modèle de calcul de bilan humique à long terme AMG dans une large gamme de systèmes de grandes cultures et de polyculture-élevage

Adaptation and use of the long term humic balance calculating model AMG in a wide range of crops and mixed-farming systems The very low number of available long term experimental data requires using simulation models to predict long term changes in soil organic carbon stock under different pedoclimatic or agronomic effects. Among available models, AMG model (derived from the name of the authors: Andriulo, Mary, Guérif),
Judicial hierarchy and discursive influence

We apply a dynamic influence model to the opinions of the US federal courts to examine the role of the US Supreme Court in influencing the direction of legal discourse in the federal courts. We propose two mechanisms for how the Court affects innovation in legal language: a selection mechanism where the Court's influence primarily derives from its discretionary jurisdiction, and an authorship mechanism in which the Court's influence derives directly from its own innovations. To test these alternative hypotheses, we develop a novel influence measure based on a dynamic topic model that separates the Court's own language innovations from those of the lower courts. Applying this measure to the US federal courts, we find that the Supreme Court primarily exercises influence through the selection mechanism, with modest additional influence attributable to the authorship mechanism. This article is part of the theme issue ‘A complexity science approach to law and governance’.
GENETIC ALGORITHM APPLIED TO FRACTAL IMAGE COMPRESSION

In this paper the technique of Genetic Algorithm (GA) is applied for Fractal Image Compression (FIC). With the help of this evolutionary algorithm effort is made to reduce the search complexity of matching between range block and domain block. One of the image compression techniques in the spatial domain is Fractal Image Compression but the main drawback of FIC is that it involves more computational time due to global search. In order to improve the computational time and also the acceptable quality of the decoded image, Genetic algorithm is proposed. Experimental results show that the Genetic Algorithm is a better method than the traditional exhaustive search method.
UNALTERED NACRE FROM THE PENNSYLVANIAN BUCKHORN ASPHALT, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ARMS RACE BETWEEN MOLLUSKS AND THEIR PREDATORS

Abstract Nanoscale details of original aragonite crystals and organic inclusions are preserved in shells from the Pennsylvanian Buckhorn Asphalt of Oklahoma, USA. Exceptional preservation occurred because, either during or shortly after deposition, oil migrated along wrench faults generated during the simultaneous Ouachita Orogeny. The early sealing by oil (later converted into asphalt) prevented diagenetic alteration of shell material. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Electron Backscatter Detection (EBSD), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) reveal a striking high fidelity of preservation, including the oldest known unaltered nacre tablets in gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods. These nacre tablets are indistinguishable from modern representatives in nanoscale morphology and crystallographic orientations. Fossils from the Buckhorn Asphalt show that by the Pennsylvanian Period, nacre and crossed lamellar were the dominant microstructures in the inner shell layer of the Mollusca. Calcitic microstructures and loosely organized horizontal bundles of aragonite fibers were common among Cambrian mollusks and problematic lophotrochozoans (e.g., hyoliths). Through the early to middle Paleozoic the dominance changed to more fracture-resistant textures nacre and crossed lamellar. This transition reflects the importance of these two types of shell microstructure in deterring predation, and it is clear that the ability to produce crossed lamellar and nacreous microstructures contributed to molluscan success during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras.
Statistical Software Applications and Review: The Single-Case Data Analysis Package: Analysing Single-Case Experiments with R Software

The RcmdrPlugin.SCDA plug-in package is discussed. It integrates three R packages in the R commander interface: SCVA (for Single-Case Visual Analysis), SCRT (for SingleCase Randomization Tests), and SCMA (for Single-Case Meta-Analysis). This way the plug-in package covers three important steps in the analysis of single-case data.
Geological record of flat slab–induced extension in the southern Peruvian forearc

The long-lived Andean subduction zone underwent several flat slab episodes and is therefore ideal to study the consequences of a complete cycle of slab flattening and steepening on the upper plate deformation pattern. In the modern Peruvian forearc (15°–17°S), slab flattening caused a Paleogene (52–30 Ma) landward migration of volcanic activity. Combining structural geology and a source-to-sink thermochronological study, we show that the flat slab period is contemporaneous with uplift accommodated by large-scale crustal extension in the forearc. In this light, we argue that the study area is an ancient analog to the modern Mexican and northern Peruvian forearcs located above modern flat slab segments and currently undergoing widespread extension.
The Fault in the Stars: Understanding Underground Incentivized Review Services

Product reviews play an important role in rankings and impact customers’ purchasing decisions on e-commerce sites. There exists a thriving ecosystem of incentivized reviews on e-commerce marketplaces – reviews written by real customers in exchange for free products. While some e-commerce mar-ketplaces themselves support incentivized review programs to solicit honest high-quality reviews, there are parallel under-ground services that sellers can use to commission fake positive reviews from real customers in exchange for free products. Despite anecdotal reports, our understanding of how these incentivized services operate and, crucially, how are they able to resist takedown efforts is lacking. In this paper, we conduct a quantitative and qualitative study of incentivized review services by inﬁltrating an underground incentivized review service geared towards Amazon.com. On a dataset of 1600 products seeking incentivized reviews, we ﬁrst demonstrate the ineffectiveness of off-the-shelf fake review detection as well as Amazon’s existing countermeasures. Through a survey of more than 70 participants of this underground incentivized review service, we uncover fairly sophisticated recruitment, execution, and reporting mechanisms they use to scale their operation while resisting takedown attempts.
Information Content in Transcription Factor Binding Sites

The application of Information Theory to the analysis of genomic sequences and, specifically, transcription factor binding sites, is one of the most successful attempts at modeling the behavior and evolution of these genomic elements. As such, information theory models lie at the core of many transcription factor binding site search and motif discovery tools, such as the widely used Virtual Footprint and MEME. Nonetheless, the use of information theory methods has some caveats that are not usually taken into account explicitly. Many of these caveats are usually ineffectual, but they be a significant in certain cases, in the same way as a default minimum word‐size in BLAST can have unanticipated consequences. With BLAST, the main problem faced by uninitiated users is that they need to understand the particulars of the algorithm in order to understand what the effects of parameter changes, like minimum word‐size, might be. The algorithmic basis of BLAST may not be very difficult to understand, but the algorithm has a relatively large number of fine‐tuning tweaks that can easily befuddle any user. In the case of Information Theory‐based methods, algorithms are kept relatively simple, yet the assumptions on which they rely and the whole concept of Information Theory can be difficult to grasp or just plain counterintuitive to uninitiated users. This manuscript has been written to provide a paced introduction to Information Theory as applied to transcription factor binding sites. It does not seek to
Stitch-Aware Routing for Multiple E-Beam Lithography

Multiple e-beam lithography (MEBL) is one of the most promising next generation lithography technologies for high volume manufacturing, which improves the most critical issue of conventional single e-beam lithography, throughput, by simultaneously using thousands or millions of e-beams. For parallel writing in MEBL, a layout is split into stripes and patterns are cut by stripe boundaries, which are defined as stitching lines. Critical patterns cut by stitching lines could suffer from severe pattern distortion or even yield loss. Therefore, considering the positions of stitching lines and avoiding stitching line-induced bad patterns are required during layout design. In this paper, we propose the first work of stitch-aware routing framework for MEBL based on a two-pass bottom-up multilevel router. We first identify three types of stitching line-induced bad patterns which should not exist in an MEBL-friendly routing solution. Then, stitch-aware routing algorithms are, respectively, developed for global routing, layer/track assignment, and detailed routing. Experimental results show that our stitch-aware routing framework can effectively reduce stitching line-induced bad patterns and thus may not only improve the manufacturability but also facilitate the development of MEBL.
Sending a Bivariate Gaussian Source Over a Gaussian MAC With Unidirectional Conferencing Encoders

We consider the transmission of a memoryless bivariate Gaussian source over a two-user additive Gaussian multiple-access channel with unidirectional conferencing encoders. Here, prior to each transmission block, Encoder 1, which observes the first source component, is allowed to communicate with Encoder 2, which observes the second source component, via a unidirectional noise-free bit-pipe of given capacity. The main results of this paper are sufficient conditions and a necessary condition for the achievability of a distortion pair expressed as a function of the channel SNR and of the source correlation. The main sufficient condition is obtained by an extension of the vector-quantizer scheme suggested by Lapidoth-Tinguely, for the case without conferencing, to the case with unidirectional conference. In the high-SNR regime, and when the capacity of the conference channel is unlimited, these necessary and sufficient conditions are shown to agree. We evaluate the precise high-SNR asymptotics for a subset of distortion pairs when the capacity of the conference channel is unlimited in which case we show that a separation-based scheme attains these optimal distortion pairs. However, with symmetric average-power constraints and fixed conferencing capacity, at high-SNR, the latter separation-based scheme is shown to be suboptimal.
I nternatIonal J ournal of I nformatIon t echnologIes and s ystems a pproach

The increasing design, manufacturing, and provision complexity of high-quality, cost-efficient and trustworthy products and services has demanded the exchange of best organizational practices in worldwide organizations. While that such a realization has been available to organizations via models and standards of processes, the myriad of them and their heavy conceptual density has obscured their comprehension and practitioners are confused in their correct organizational selection, evaluation, and deployment tasks. Thus, with the ultimate aim to improve the task understanding of such schemes by reducing its business process understanding complexity, in this article we use a conceptual systemic model of a generic business organization derived from the theory of systems to de - scribe and compare two main models (CMMI/SE/SwE, 2002; ITIL V.3, 2007) and four main standards (ISO/IEC 15288, 2002; ISO/IEC 12207, 1995; ISO/IEC 15504, 2005; ISO/IEC 20000, 2006) of processes. Description and comparison are realized through a mapping of them onto the systemic model.
Autonomous Vehicle Positioning with GPS in Urban Canyon Environments

The Global Positioning System (GPS) has been widely used in land vehicle navigation applications. However, the positioning systems based on GPS alone face great problems in the so called urban canyon environments where the GPS signals are often blocked by high buildings and there are not enough available satellites signals to estimate the positioning information of a x. To solve the problem, a constrained method is presented by approximately modeling the path of the vehicle in the urban canyon environments as pieces of lines. By adding this constraint, the minimum number of available satellites reduces to two, which is satis ed in many urban canyon environments. Then, a state-augmentation method is proposed and the Extended Kalman Filtering (EKF) technique is adopted to simultaneously estimate the positions of the GPS receiver and the parameters of the line. Simulation results show that this approach can solve the urban canyon problems successfully.
Sharpen&Bend: Recovering curved edges in triangle meshes produced by feature-insensitive sampling

Various 3D acquisition, analysis, visualization and compression approaches sample surfaces of 3D shapes in a uniform fashion, without any attempt to align the samples with the sharp edges and corners of the original shape. Consequently, the interpolating triangle meshes chamfer these sharp features and thus exhibit a relatively large error in their vicinity. We introduce here two new filters that restore a large fraction of the straight or curved sharp edges missed by feature-insensitive sampling processes: (1) EdgeSharpener restores automatically the sharp edges by identifying and splitting the chamfer edges and by forcing the new vertices to lie on intersections of planes extending the smooth surfaces incident upon these chamfers and (2) Bender subdivides the resulting triangle mesh using a combination of the Butterfly subdivision scheme, for the smooth portion of the mesh, with a four-point subdivision scheme, for the sharp edges, in order to preserve the sharpness of the recovered sharp edges while bending their polyline approximations into smooth curves. This combined post-processing (named Sharpen&Bend ) significantly reduces the error produced by feature-insensitive sampling processes. For example, we have observed that the L 2 error introduced by the SwingWrapper remeshing-based compressor can often be reduced down to a fifth by executing EdgeSharpener alone after decompression, with no additional information. For meshes produced by retiling shapes with curved edges, this error may be further reduced by two thirds if we follow the EdgeSharpening phase by Bender. Thus the combined Sharpen&Bend process takes a triangle mesh produced by a feature-insensitive sampling of a curved shape with sharp curved features and automatically refines the mesh to produce a more accurate approximation of the initial shape. Categories and Subject Descriptors: I.3. 5 [ Computer Graphics ]: Computational Geometry and Object Modeling – Boundary representation, Geometric languages and systems
The Comparison of Vascular Epiphytes Diversity Related to their Occurrence in Natural and Artificial Mangrove Channels, Greenfields, Eastern Coast of Nicaragua

The eastern Nicaraguan coasts bordered by mangrove forests are often negatively affected by catastrophic events. One of the most destructive was hurricane Joan in 1988, which damaged as much as 80% of the forests. Though neotropical mangrove woodlands are not famous for their high species richness, vascular epiphytes occurring in the mangrove canopies are characterized by high biodiversity. The research presented in this study was focused on vascular epiphytes found in a private Nicaraguan reservation Greenfields. The main aim of the work presented here was to compare two parts of same-age mangrove area surrounding a water channel that runs through the forest stands in the reservation. The biodiversity observed in the initial natural part of the water channel was compared with the biodiversity observed in the artificial part at the end of the channel. In total, there were identified 13 epiphyte species belonging to 5 families on both banks. The Shannon-Wiener index amounts to 1.63 and Simpson index equates to 0.7. In natural channel, there was Shannon-Wiener index of 1.77 and Simpson index 0.75 and for the artificial part it was 0.82 and 0.46. The most common vascular epiphyte species was Tillandsia bulbosa belonging to Bromeliaceae family; there were exactly recorded 141 occurrences of this specie which amounts to more than a half of all the individual epiphytes examined in the research.
QNTRPO: Including Curvature in TRPO /Author=Jha, D.; Raghunathan, A.; Romeres, D. /CreationDate=December 13, 2019 /Subject=Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Optimization, Robotics

We propose a trust region method for policy optimization that employs QuasiNewton approximation for the Hessian, called Quasi-Newton Trust Region Policy Optimization (QNTRPO). Gradient descent is the de facto algorithm for reinforcement learning tasks with continuous controls. The algorithm has achieved state-of-the-art performance when used in reinforcement learning across a wide range of tasks. However, the algorithm suffers from a number of drawbacks including: lack of stepsize selection criterion, and slow convergence. We investigate the use of a trust region method using dogleg step and a Quasi-Newton approximation for the Hessian for policy optimization. We demonstrate through numerical experiments over a wide range of challenging continuous control tasks that our particular choice is efficient in terms of number of samples and improves performance Optimization Foundations for Reinforcement Learning Workshop at NeurIPS This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc.; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributions to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproduction, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright c © Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc., 2019 201 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 QNTRPO: Including Curvature in TRPO Devesh K. Jha MERL Cambridge, MA jha@merl.com Arvind U. Raghunathan MERL Cambridge, MA raghunathan@merl.com Diego Romeres MERL Cambridge, MA romeres@merl.com
Control of a Multirotor Outdoor Aerial Manipulator

for the multirotor that uses the coupled full dynamic model is proposed, and an admittance controller for the manipulator arm is outlined. Several experimental tests with the aerial manipulator are also presented. In one of the experiments, the performance of the pitch attitude controller is compared to a PID controller. Other experiments of the arm controller following an object with the camera are also presented.