Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantum fluid effects and parametric instabilities in microcavities

We present a description of the non‐equilibrium properties of a microcavity polariton fluid, injected by a nearly‐resonant continuous wave pump laser. In the first part, we point out the interplay between the peculiar dispersion of the Bogoliubov‐like polariton excitations and the onset of polariton parametric instabilities. We show how collective excitation spectra having no counterpart in equilibrium systems can be observed by tuning the excitation angle and frequency. In the second part, we explain the impact of these collective excitations on the in‐plane propagation of the polariton fluid. We show that the resonant Rayleigh scattering induced by artificial or natural defects is a very sensitive tool to reveal novel fascinating effects such as polariton superfluidity or to show new aspects of the Cherenkov effect. We present a comprehensive set of predicted far‐field and near‐field images for the resonant Rayleigh scattering emission. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Differential modulation for asynchronous two-way relay systems over frequency-selective fading channels

We propose two schemes for asynchronous multi-relay two-way relay MR-TWR systems in which neither the users nor the relays know the channel state information. In an MR-TWR system, two users exchange their messages with the help of NR relays. Most of the existing works on MR-TWR systems based on differential modulation assume perfect symbol-level synchronization between all communicating nodes. However, this assumption is not valid in many practical systems, which makes the design of differentially modulated schemes more challenging. Therefore, we design differential modulation schemes that can tolerate timing misalignment under frequency-selective fading. We investigate the performance of the proposed schemes in terms of either probability of bit error or pairwise error probability. Through numerical examples, we show that the proposed schemes outperform existing competing solutions in the literature, especially for high signal-to-noise ratio values. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Elastic Model of Deformable Fingertip for Soft-Fingered Manipulation

We propose a straightforward static elastic model of a hemispherical soft fingertip undergoing large contact deformation, as occurs when robotic hands with the fingertips handle and manipulate objects, which is suitable for the analysis of soft-fingered manipulation because of the simple form of the model. We focus on formulating elastic force and potential energy equations for the deformation of the fingers which are represented as an infinite number of virtual springs standing vertically. The equations are functions of two variables: the maximum displacement of the hemispherical fingertip and the orientation angle of a contacting planar object. The elastic potential energy has a local minimum in our model. The elastic model was validated by comparison with results of a compression test of the hemispherical soft fingertip
MATLAB Design and Simulation of Series Controller for Damping of Energy System Oscillations

state power electronic devices or Flexible AC Transmission Systems technologies has brought an scope for electric utilities to operate their bulk power flow network close to their thermal limits while maintaining and/or improving network security or reliability. High-power electronic devices can provide unprecedented control over electricity flow in transmission networks. These devices responds quickly enough to changing network conditions to provide real-time power flow control, which is essential when large numbers of power transactions occur in a fully deregulated electric industry. In this paper a MATLAB / SIMULINK model of Electronic Controller has been developed for quick power flow control between two Areas connected by two transmission lines. This is achieved by increasing /decreasing its capacitive reactance online. The TCSC also helps in limiting and damping the angular/frequency swings caused by the disturbances. The simulations are carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Nonperturbative improvement of stout-smeared three-flavor clover fermions

We discuss a three-flavor lattice QCD action with clover improvement in which the fermion matrix has single level stout smearing for the hopping terms together with unsmeared links for the clover term. With the (tree-level) Symanzik improved gluon action this constitutes the stout link nonperturbative clover or SLiNC action. To cancel $O(a)$ terms the clover term coefficient has to be tuned. We present here results of a nonperturbative determination of this coefficient using the Schr\"odinger functional and as a by-product a determination of the critical hopping parameter. Comparisons of the results are made with lowest order perturbation theory.
Coxiella burnetii Infection Is Lower in Children than in Adults After Community Exposure: Overlooked Cause of Infrequent Q Fever Reporting in the Young

Background: Q fever is rarely reported in children/adolescents. Although lower reporting rates are commonly attributed to milder disease and subsequent underdiagnosis in infected children/adolescents, pertinent evidence is scarce. We present data from a large, well-defined single-point source outbreak of Q fever to fill this gap. Methods: We compared (A) Q fever testing and notification rates in children/adolescents who were 0–19 years of age with those in adults 20+ years of age in October 2009; (B) serological attack rates of acute Q fever in children/adolescents with the rates in adults after on-source exposure on the outbreak farm’s premises; (C) incidence of Q fever infection in children/adolescents with that in adults after off-source exposure in the municipality located closest to the farm. Results: (A) Children/adolescents represented 19.3% (59,404 of 307,348) of the study area population, 12.1% (149 of 1217) of all subjects tested in October 2009 and 4.3% (11 of 253) of notified laboratory-confirmed community cases. (B) Serological attack rate of acute Q fever in children with on-source exposure was 71% (12 of 17), similar to adults [68% (40 of 59)]. (C) Incidence of infection in children/adolescents after community (off-source) exposure was 4.5% (13 of 287) versus 11.0% (12 of 109) in adults (adjusted odds ratio: 0.36; 95% confidence interval: 0.16–0.84; P = 0.02). No children/adolescents reported clinical symptoms. Proportion of notified infections was significantly lower in children/adolescents (2.5%) than in adults (10.4%; risk ratio: 0.26; 95% confidence interval: 0.08–0.80, P = 0.02). Conclusion: Notified Q fever was less frequent in children/adolescents than in adults. Although underrecognition contributed to this phenomenon, lower rates of infection in children after community exposure played an unexpected major role. On-source (presumed high-dose) exposure, by contrast, was associated with high serological and clinical attack rates not only in adults but also in children/adolescents. Our findings allow for improved age-specific clinical and public health risk assessment in Q fever outbreaks.
Toward General Analysis of Recursive Probability Models

There is increasing interest within the research community in the design and use of recursive probability models. There remains concern about computational complexity costs and the fact that computing exact solutions can be intractable for many nonrecursive models. Although inference is undecidable in the general case for recursive problems, several research groups are actively developing computational techniques for recursive stochastic languages. We have developed an extension to the traditional λ calculus as a framework for families of Turing complete stochastic languages. We have also developed a class of exact inference algorithms based on the traditional reductions of the λ calculus. We further propose that using the deBruijn notation (a λ-calculus notation with nameless dummies) supports effective caching in such systems, as the reuse of partial solutions is an essential component of efficient computation. Finally, our extension to the λ-calculus offers a foundation and general theory for the construction of recursive stochastic modeling languages as well as promise for effective caching and efficient approximation algorithms for inference.
Endoscopic resolution of pseudocyst infection and necrosis as a complication of endoscopic pseudocyst drainage. A case report.

CONTEXT Endoscopic therapy has recently gained importance as an option for the treatment of pancreatic necrosis. We report a case of transgastric endoscopic resolution of pseudocyst infection and necrosis as a complication of endoscopic pseudocyst drainage. CASE REPORT The patient underwent several sessions of endoscopic removal of debris and necrotic material, intercalated with daily lavage and aspiration through a nasocystic tube. CONCLUSIONS At the present time, fourteen months after pancreatic pseudocyst secondary infection, the patient remains asymptomatic with no radiographic signs of pseudocyst recurrence. Transmural endoscopic therapy followed by continuous drainage and necrosectomy is a reasonable option for treating the pancreatic pseudocyst secondary infection.
Influence of Alternative Exposure Estimates in the Diesel Exhaust Miners Study: Diesel Exhaust and Lung Cancer

The landmark Diesel Exhaust in Miners Study (DEMS) studied the relationship between diesel exhaust exposure (DEE) and lung cancer mortality of workers at eight nonmetal mines who were followed from beginning of dieselization of the mines (1947–1967) through December 31, 1997. The original analyses quantified DEE exposures using exposure to respirable elemental carbon (REC) to represent DEE, and CO as a surrogate for REC. However, this use of CO data, and the CO data themselves, have numerous shortcomings. We developed new estimates of REC exposures using historical data on use of diesel equipment, diesel engine horsepower (HP), mine ventilation rates, and the documented reduction in particulate matter emissions per HP in diesel engines from 1975 through 1995. These new REC estimates were applied in a conditional logistic regression of the DEMS nested case‐control data very similar to the one applied in the original DEMS analyses. None of the trend slopes calculated using the new REC estimates were statistically significant (p > 0.05). Moreover, these trend slopes were smaller by roughly factors of five without control for radon exposure and factors of 12 with control for radon exposure compared to those estimated in the original DEMS analyses. Also, the 95% confidence intervals for these trend slopes had only minimal overlap with those for the slopes in the original DEMS analyses. These results underscore the uncertainty in estimates of the potency of diesel exhaust in causing lung cancer based on analysis of the DEMS data due to uncertainty in estimates of exposures to diesel exhaust.
Central nervous action of interleukin‐1 mediates activation of limbic structures and behavioural depression in response to peripheral administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide

Although receptors for the pro‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐1 have long been known to be expressed in the brain, their role in fever and behavioural depression observed during the acute phase response (APR) to tissue infection remains unclear. This may in part be due to the fact that interleukin‐1 in the brain is bioactive only several hours after peripheral administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To study the role of cerebral interleukin‐1 action in temperature and behavioural changes, and activation of brain structures during the APR, interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1ra; 100 μg) was infused into the lateral brain ventricle 4 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) LPS injection (250 μg/kg) in rats. I.p. LPS administration induced interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) production in systemic circulation as well as in brain circumventricular organs and the choroid plexus. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of IL‐1ra 4 h after i.p. LPS injection attenuated the reduction in social interaction, a cardinal sign of behavioural depression during sickness, and c‐Fos expression in the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. However, LPS‐induced fever, rises in plasma corticosterone, body weight loss and c‐Fos expression in the hypothalamus and caudal brainstem were not altered by i.c. v. infusion of IL‐1ra. These findings, together with our previous observations showing that i.c. v. infused IL‐1ra diffuses throughout perivascular spaces, where macrophages express interleukin‐1 receptors, can be interpreted to suggest that circulating or locally produced brain IL‐1β acts on these cells to bring about behavioural depression and activation of limbic structures during the APR after peripheral LPS administration.
MDoctor: A Mobile Malware Prognosis Application

Mobile malware is on the rise as the global number of smartphone users grows exponentially. Traditional malware detection and scanning tools only detect malware when devices are actually infected. In previous work, we saw that the presence of applications that occur often with known malware can indicate not only infection status but also potential risk of infection. In this paper, we present Doctor - a malware prognosis application based on crowd sourced data. Doctor includes a server component and an easy-to-use Android client application. Doctor visualizes the health of the device as a pie chart, slices representing applications. Each slice is split into four sections, corresponding to different lightweight indicators of infection. Sections of each slice are colored from green to red. The greater the amount of red, the greater the risk of infection. This front-end application provides users a new function for malware prognosis which is currently missing in existing mobile anti-malware tools.
Sentiment Analysis for Streams of Web Data: A Case Study of Brazilian Financial Markets

With the rise of Web 2.0 applications, most people started consuming information and sharing opinions and ideas about most aspects of their lives on a variety of social media platforms, creating massive and continuous streams of valuable data. While this opened the door for information extraction and mining techniques that can help us understand different aspects of society, extracting useful information from such streams of Web data is far from trivial. In this setting, sentiment analysis techniques can be convenient as they are capable of summarizing general feeling about entities people care about, such as products and companies. Therefore, they can be quite applicable in scenarios like the stock market, which also has tremendous impact on society. This paper describes and evaluates two different techniques for sentiment analysis applied to the Brazilian stock market data: lexicon-based and machine learning based, considering a wide range of text pre-processing and feature selection approaches.
Comparison between absolute ethanol and bleomycin for the treatment of venous malformation in children

The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacies and treatment effects of absolute ethanol and bleomycin for the treatment of venous malformation (VM) in children. A total of 138 children with VM were randomly divided into two groups; 75 patients were treated with absolute ethanol, while a further 63 were treated with bleomycin under general anesthesia between February 2009 and February 2012. The treatment outcome and complications were observed in the two groups and the treatment efficacy was classified as one of four categories: cured, markedly effective, effective and ineffective. The curative effect was analyzed 6–24 months after treatment, with a mean of 15 months. Absolute ethanol was effective (cured, markedly effective or effective) in 71 cases and bleomycin was effective in 41 cases, and the difference between the effective rates was considered to be statistically significant (χ2=19.6, P<0.05). In the absolute ethanol group there were 14 cases with skin necrosis, 17 patients had serious localized swelling which required additional treatment, three patients developed muscle fibrosis and one patient suffered a brain embolism. In the bleomycin group there were five cases with skin necrosis and the difference in the incidence of adverse reactions was considered to be statistically significant (χ2=18.8, P<0.05). The curative effect of sclerotherapy for VM is clear, and absolute ethanol is the most effective sclerosing agent, but has a greater incidence of adverse side-effects than bleomycin. The major side-effect is skin necrosis. The choice of sclerotherapy depends on the classification of VM in children.
How to augment the second image? Recovery of the translation scale in image to image registration

In this paper, we present an automatic pose estimation (6 DoF) technique to augment images using keyframes pre-registered to a CAD model. State of the art techniques recover the essential matrix (5 DoF) in an automatic manner, but include a manual step to align the image with the CAD reference system because the essential matrix does not provide the scale of the translation. We propose using planar structures to recover this scale automatically and to offer immediate augmentation. These techniques have been implemented in our augmented reality software. Qualitative tests are performed in an industrial environment.
A Model for a Chikungunya Outbreak in a Rural Cambodian Setting: Implications for Disease Control in Uninfected Areas

Following almost 30 years of relative silence, chikungunya fever reemerged in Kenya in 2004. It subsequently spread to the islands of the Indian Ocean, reaching Southeast Asia in 2006. The virus was first detected in Cambodia in 2011 and a large outbreak occurred in the village of Trapeang Roka Kampong Speu Province in March 2012, in which 44% of the villagers had a recent infection biologically confirmed. The epidemic curve was constructed from the number of biologically-confirmed CHIKV cases per day determined from the date of fever onset, which was self-reported during a data collection campaign conducted in the village after the outbreak. All individuals participating in the campaign had infections confirmed by laboratory analysis, allowing for the identification of asymptomatic cases and those with an unreported date of fever onset. We develop a stochastic model explicitly including such cases, all of whom do not appear on the epidemic curve. We estimate the basic reproduction number of the outbreak to be 6.46 (95% C.I. [6.24, 6.78]). We show that this estimate is particularly sensitive to changes in the biting rate and mosquito longevity. Our model also indicates that the infection was more widespread within the population on the reported epidemic start date. We show that the exclusion of asymptomatic cases and cases with undocumented onset dates can lead to an underestimation of the reproduction number which, in turn, could negatively impact control strategies implemented by public health authorities. We highlight the need for properly documenting newly emerging pathogens in immunologically naive populations and the importance of identifying the route of disease introduction.
Cochlear reaction following stapedectomy. A comparison of two techniques.

MANIPULATION of the stapes in the oval window is not without risk to the integrity of the cochlea. Even greater risks are imposed when the stapes is removed and replaced with either viable grafts or nonviable materials such as absorbable gelatin, metal, or plastic. Great advances in audiosurgery in recent years have brought to the otosclerotic patient well-founded hope for dramatically improved hearing with the promise of lasting results. They have, however, brought also the realization of the vulnerability of the cochlea to the numerous procedures and implants to which it is subjected. Shambaugh1has pointed out, "At the same time there has been a distressingly higher incidence of irreversible cochlear pathology producing further impaired and often useless ears. " Postoperative serous labyrinthitis following fenestration surgery had been previously noted by Shambaugh. Impaired hearing, diplacusis, reduced speech discrimination, vertigo, and nystagmus developed several hours postoperatively and persisted several days. Similar
Ontology-Based SLA Negotiation and Re-Negotiation for Cloud Computing

Cloud computing represents a new computing approach that allows creating robust and on-demand services controlled by means of Service Level Agreements (SLA). These documents are generated following a process of negotiation during which the client chooses a subset of clauses among choices predefined by the provider on a "take it or leave it" basis. However, the heterogeneity between client requests and provider offers may result in inappropriate SLA. In addition, the cloud service context may change over the time which causes a client requirements adjustment and therefore, the SLA remains unsatisfactory. In this paper, we propose a cloud SLA negotiation and re-negotiation approach that integrate a semantic mapping between client requests and provider offers with the aim of generating a suitable SLA document. Moreover, our approach includes a context-aware system to adapt the SLA throughout reasoning techniques and automatically ensure the re-negotiation. A prototype implementation demonstrates the feasibility and the efficiency of our approach.
Activation of P2X receptors induces apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelium.

PURPOSE The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is considered a primary site of pathology in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is the most prevalent form of irreversible blindness worldwide in the elderly population. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) acts as a key signaling molecule in numerous cellular processes, including cell death. The purpose of this study was to determine whether extracellular ATP induces apoptosis in cultured human RPE. METHODS RPE apoptosis was evaluated by caspase-3 activation, Hoechst staining, and DNA fragmentation. Intracellular Ca(2+) levels were determined by both a cell-based fluorometric Ca(2+) assay and a ratiometric Ca(2+) imaging technique. P2X(7) mRNA and protein expression were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and confocal microscopy, respectively. RESULTS The authors found that both the endogenous P2X(7) agonist ATP and the synthetic, selective P2X(7) agonist 2',3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)-ATP (BzATP) induced RPE apoptosis, which was significantly inhibited by P2X(7) antagonist oxidized ATP (oATP) but not by the P2 receptor antagonist suramin; both ATP and BzATP increase intracellular Ca(2+) via extracellular Ca(2+) influx; both ATP- and BzATP-induced Ca(2+) responses were significantly inhibited by oATP but not by suramin; ATP-induced apoptosis was significantly inhibited or blocked by BAPTA-AM or by low or no extracellular Ca(2+); and P2X(7) receptor mRNA and protein were expressed in RPE cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that P2X receptors, especially P2X(7) receptors, contribute to ATP- and BzATP-induced Ca(2+) signaling and apoptosis in the RPE. Abnormal Ca(2+) homeostasis through the activation of P2X receptors could cause the dysfunction and apoptosis of RPE that underlie AMD.