Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detecting Clones Across Microsoft .NET Programming Languages

The Microsoft . NET framework and its language family focus on multi-language development to support interoperability across several programming languages. The framework allows for the development of similar applications in different languages through the reuse of core libraries. As a result of such a multi-language development, the identification and trace ability of similar code fragments (clones) becomes a key challenge. In this paper, we present a clone detection approach for the . NET language family. The approach is based on the Common Intermediate Language, which is generated by the . NET compiler for the different languages within the . NET framework. In order to achieve an acceptable recall while maintaining the precision of our detection approach, we define a set of filtering processes to reduce noise in the raw data. We show that these filters are essential for Intermediate Language-based clone detection, without significantly affecting the precision of the detection approach. Finally, we study the quantitative and qualitative performance aspects of our clone detection approach. We evaluate the number of reported candidate clone-pairs, as well as the precision and recall (using manual validation) for several open source cross-language systems, to show the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems Hybrid-actuated Finger Prosthesis with Tactile Sensing Regular Paper

which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Finger prostheses are devices developed to emulate the functionality of natural human fingers. On top of their aesthetic appearance in terms of shape, size and colour, such biomimetic devices require a high level of dexterity. They must be capable of gripping an object, and even manipulating it in the hand. This paper presents a biomimetic robotic finger actuated by a hybrid mechanism and integrated with a tactile sensor. The hybrid actuation mechanism comprises a DC micromotor and a Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wire. A customized test rig has been developed to measure the force and stroke produced by the SMA wire. In parallel with the actuator development, experimental investigations have been conducted on Quantum Tunnelling Composite (QTC) and Pressure Conductive Rubber (PCR) towards the development of a tactile sensor for the finger. The viability of using these materials for tactile sensing has been determined. Such a hybrid actuation approach aided with tactile sensing capability enables a finger design as an integral part of a prosthetic hand for applications up to the transradial amputation level.
You can swim but you can't hide: the global status and conservation of oceanic pelagic sharks and rays

1.Fishing spans all oceans and the impact on ocean predators such as sharks and rays is largely unknown. A lack of data and complicated jurisdictional issues present particular challenges for assessing and conserving high seas biodiversity. It is clear, however, that pelagic sharks and rays of the open ocean are subject to high and often unrestricted levels of mortality from bycatch and targeted fisheries for their meat and valuable fins. 2.These species exhibit a wide range of life-history characteristics, but many have relatively low productivity and consequently relatively high intrinsic vulnerability to over-exploitation. The IUCN — World Conservation Union Red List criteria were used to assess the global status of 21 oceanic pelagic shark and ray species. 3.Three-quarters (16) of these species are classified as Threatened or Near Threatened. Eleven species are globally threatened with higher risk of extinction: the giant devilray is Endangered, ten sharks are Vulnerable and a further five species are Near Threatened. Threat status depends on the interaction between the demographic resilience of the species and intensity of fisheries exploitation. 4.4. Most threatened species, like the shortfin mako shark, have low population increase rates and suffer high fishing mortality throughout their range. Species with a lower risk of extinction have either fast, resilient life histories (e.g. pelagic stingray) or are species with slow, less resilient life histories but subject to fisheries management (e.g. salmon shark). 5.5. Recommendations, including implementing and enforcing finning bans and catch limits, are made to guide effective conservation and management of these sharks and rays. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The p42/44 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway Couples Photic Input to Circadian Clock Entrainment*

In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus function as the major biological clock. SCN-dependent rhythms of physiology and behavior are regulated by changes in the environmental light cycle. Currently, the second messenger signaling events that couple photic input to clock entrainment have yet to be well characterized. Recent work has revealed that photic stimulation during the night triggers rapid activation of the p42/44 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in the SCN. The MAPK signal transduction pathway is a potent regulator of numerous classes of transcription factors and has been shown to play a role in certain forms of neuronal plasticity. These observations led us to examine the role of the MAPK pathway in clock entrainment. Here we report that pharmacological disruption of light-induced MAPK pathway activation in the SCN uncouples photic input from clock entrainment, as assessed by locomotor activity phase. In the absence of photic stimulation, transient disruption of MAPK signaling in the SCN did not alter clock-timing properties. We also report that signaling via the Ca2+/calmodulin kinase pathway functions upstream of the MAPK pathway, coupling light to activation of the MAPK pathway. Together these results delineate key intracellular signaling events that underlie light-induced clock entrainment.
CaRINA dataset: An emerging-country urban scenario benchmark for road detection systems

Road traffic crashes are the leading cause of death among young people between 10 and 24 years old. In recent years, both academia and industry have been devoted towards the development of Driver Assistance Systems (DAS) and Autonomous Vehicles (AV) to decrease the number of road accidents. Detection of the road surface is a key capability for both path planning and object detection on Autonomous Vehicles. Current road datasets and benchmarks only depict European and North American scenarios, while emerging countries have higher projected consumer acceptance of AV and DAS technologies. This paper presents a selected Brazilian urban scenario dataset and road detection benchmark consisting of annotated RADAR, LIDAR and camera data. It also proposes a novel evaluation metric based on the intersection of polygons. The main goal of this manuscript is to provide challenging scenarios for road detection algorithm evaluation and the resulting dataset is publicly available at www.lrm. icmc.usp. br/dataset.
A New Perturbation Bound for the LDU Factorization of Diagonally Dominant Matrices

This work introduces a new perturbation bound for the $L$ factor of the LDU factorization of (row) diagonally dominant matrices computed via the column diagonal dominance pivoting strategy. This strategy yields $L$ and $U$ factors which are always well-conditioned and, so, the LDU factorization is guaranteed to be a rank-revealing decomposition. The new bound together with those for the $D$ and $U$ factors in [F. M. Dopico and P. Koev, Numer. Math., 119 (2011), pp. 337--371] establish that if diagonally dominant matrices are parameterized via their diagonally dominant parts and off-diagonal entries, then tiny relative componentwise perturbations of these parameters produce tiny relative normwise variations of $L$ and $U$ and tiny relative entrywise variations of $D$ when column diagonal dominance pivoting is used. These results will allow us to prove in a follow-up work that such perturbations also lead to strong perturbation bounds for many other problems involving diagonally dominant matrices.
Developing Data Standards and Systems for MOOC Data Science

Our team has been conducting research related to mining information, building models, and interpreting data from the inaugural course offered by edX, 6.002x: Circuits and Electronics, since the Fall of 2012. This involves a set of steps, undertaken in most data science studies, which entails positing a hypothesis, assembling data and features (aka properties, covariates, explanatory variables, decision variables), identifying response variables, building a statistical model then validating, inspecting and interpreting the model. In our domain, and others like it that require behavioral analyses of an online setting, a great majority of the effort (in our case approximately 70%) is spent assembling the data and formulating the features, while, rather ironically, the model building exercise takes relatively less time. As we advance to analyzing cross-course data, it has become apparent that our algorithms which deal with data assembly and feature engineering lack cross-course generality. This is not a fault of our software design. The lack of generality reflects the diverse, ad hoc data schemas we have adopted for each course. These schemas partially result because some of the courses are being offered for the first time and it is the first time behavioral data has been collected. As well, they arise from initial investigations taking a local perspective on each course rather than a global one extending across multiple courses. In this position paper, we advocate harmonizing and unifying disparate “raw” data formats by establishing an open-ended standard data description to be adopted by the entire education science MOOC oriented community. The concept requires a schema and an encompassing standard which avoid any assumption of data sharing. It needs to support a means of sharing how the data is extracted, conditioned and analyzed. Sharing scripts which prepare data for models, rather than data itself, will not only help mitigate privacy concerns but it will also provide a means of facilitating intra and inter-platform collaboration. For example, two researchers, one with data from a MOOC course on one platform and another with data from another platform, should be able to decide upon a set of variables, share scripts that can extract them, each independently derive results on their own data, and then compare and iterate to reach conclusions that are cross-platform as well as cross-course. In a practical sense, our goal is a standard facilitating insights
Development of query strategies to identify a histologic lymphoma subtype in a large linked database system.

BackgroundLarge linked databases (LLDB) represent a novel resource for cancer outcomes research. However, accurate means of identifying a patient population of interest within these LLDBs can be challenging. Our research group developed a fully integrated platform that provides a means of combining independent legacy databases into a single cancer-focused LLDB system. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of several SQL-based query strategies for identifying a histologic lymphoma subtype in this LLDB to determine the most accurate legacy data source for identifying a specific cancer patient population.MethodsQuery strategies were developed to identify patients with follicular lymphoma from a LLDB of cancer registry data, electronic medical records (EMR), laboratory, administrative, pharmacy, and other clinical data. Queries were performed using common diagnostic codes (ICD-9), cancer registry histology codes (ICD-O), and text searches of EMRs. We reviewed medical records and pathology reports to con.
Development policies, resource constraints, and agricultural expansion on the Philippine land frontier

This paper examines ways in which development policies interact and influence incentives for agricultural expansion in frontier areas. We develop a model of household response to economic and technical stimuli, conditional on agronomic and household characteristics. We evaluate the model empirically using survey data gathered from low-income corn and vegetable farms near a national park in the southern Philippines. We find that within farms, land allocation is responsive to relative crop prices and yields. However, different crops elicit different responses. In particular, some crop expansion takes place primarily through land substitution and intensified input use, while changes in prices or yields of other crops induce an expansion of total farm area. Land and family labor constraint bind at different points for different crops. These results suggest that because multiple policies interact, environmental policies must have multiple strands in order to replace incentives to further land expansion. JEL codes: Q12, Q24, O13.
Chapter 1 ASTEADY-STATEVERSIONOFTHEAGE-LAYERED POPULATION STRUCTURE EA

The Age-Layered Population Structure (ALPS) paradigm is a novel metaheuristic for overcoming premature convergence by running multiple instances of a search algorithm simultaneously. When the ALPS paradigm was first introduced it was combined with a generational Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) and the ALPS-EA was shown to work significantly better than a basic EA. Here we describe a version of ALPS with a steady-state EA, which is well suited for use in situations in which the synchronization constraints of a generational model are not desired. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our version of ALPS we compare it against a basic steady-state EA (BEA) in two test problems and find that it outperforms the BEA in both cases.
ANALISIS PENILAIAN FINANCIAL DISTRESS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL ALTMAN (Z-SCORE) PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR

Perkembangan industri di Kota Batam mengalami penurunan yang signifikan beberapa tahun terakhir, hal ini terlihat dengan banyaknya perusahaan go public dan privat yang telah bangkrut dan berpotensi bangkrut. PT Citra Tubindo dan PT Sat Nusapersada, Tbk adalah salah satu perusahaan manufaktur yang yang terdaftar di BEI yang terkena dampak dari perkembangan perekonomian di Kota Batam, yang menyebabakan terjadinya penurunan kinerja keuangan dan financial distress. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk penilaian financial Distress pada perusahaan PT Citra Tubindo dan PT Sat NusaPersada, Tbk dengan menggunakan metode Altman Z-Score. Metode ini menggunakan laporan keuangan untuk di analisis dengan menggunakan variabel dari Z-Score. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah model prediksi kebangkrutan Altman Z-score. Dengan menggunakan lima variabel yang mewakili rasio likuiditas (X1), profitabilitas (X2) dan (X3), aktivitas (X4) dan (X5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT Citra Tubindo memiliki nilai Z-score pada tahun 2015 dan tahun 2017 berpotensi bangkrut,. Sedangkan pada tahun 2016 berpotensi rawan bangkrut sehingga perlu melakukan perbaikan dengan meningkatkan rasio keuangan likuiditas, profitabilitas dan aktivitas. Sedangkan untuk PT Sat Nusapersada, Tbk pada tahun 2015 dan 2016 sehat, sedangkan pada tahun 2017 perusahaan berpotensi rawan
Efficacy of carvedilol on complex ventricular arrhythmias in dilated cardiomyopathy: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

AIMS The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the addition of carvedilol to conventional therapy in dilated cardiomyopathy patients is associated with further benefits in the treatment of complex non-sustained ventricular arrhythmias (Lown class III, IV or V). METHODS AND RESULTS We recruited 168 patients with ischaemic or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, with complex ventricular arrhythmias. Patients able to tolerate low doses of carvedilol were randomized to treatment with carvedilol or placebo for 6 months. Carvedilol treatment improved ventricular function and reduced the incidence of arrhythmic episodes. Notably, by the end of the first month of treatment, the antiarrhythmic efficacy of the drug was significantly greater in patients with ischaemic than in those with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, an effect that could probably be attributed to the anti-ischaemic properties of carvedilol. After 3 months, at a time when ejection fraction was significantly improved in all treated patients, the antiarrhythmic efficacy of carvedilol was similar in the two study groups. CONCLUSIONS Carvedilol antiarrhythmic efficacy was paralleled by the improvement in ejection fraction, independent of the aetiology of heart failure. The possibility of adding to an already 'optimized' conventional therapy a drug able to reduce the incidence of complex non-sustained ventricular arrhythmias is a therapeutic option that should be considered in the treatment of these patients.
Towards developing robust multimodal databases for emotion analysis

Understanding emotions can make the difference between succeeding and failing during communication. Several systems have been developed in the field of Affective Computing in order to understand emotions. Recently these systems focus into multimodal emotion recognition. The basis of each of these systems is emotion databases. Even though a lot of attention has been placed in capturing spontaneous emotion expressions, building an emotion database is a task with several challenges that are commonly neglected, namely: quality of the recordings, ground truth, multiple device recording, data labeling and context. In this paper we present a new spontaneous emotion database, with human-computer and human to human interactions. This database is composed by eight different synchronized signals, in four interaction tasks. Strategies on how to deal with emotion database construction challenges are explained in detail.
A mobile see-through 3D display with front- and back-touch

Touch screens are currently the dominant technology for facilitating input and output for mobile devices. Several directions to extend the possibilities of current touch screen technologies have been explored. In this demonstration we showcase a handheld device that consists of a stack of three see-through displays. Using three display layers enables to realize a volumetric 3D display. As our device is touch sensitive on both display sides it enables touch input on the device's front and back. We demonstrate the device's capabilities through three demo applications. We present 3D images using three display layers, demonstrate a game where the character can move from layer to layer, and show a target selection task to compare selection performance on different display layers.
Adapting Heterogeneous Devices into an IoT Context-Aware Infrastructure

The Internet of Things will expose services enabling developers to easily explore data generated by an enormous number of devices. These devices, such as industrial sensors and actuators, and house appliances can have different interfaces, interaction protocols, and payload data semantics. Manual, ad hoc, integration of these different devices would become infeasible. This paper presents an approach to dynamically integrate devices into an IoT context-aware infrastructure, which includes a well-defined architecture and a reflective description model. This infrastructure, named ContQuest, also offers a set of middleware services for context-aware applications, which rely on the reflective data to provide adaptation capabilities. In ContQuest, a device is considered a resource and is represented by Resource Agent. Each Resource Agent is structured following an architecture that aims to ease the integration and deployment of heterogeneous devices, including design solutions to adapt devices that can have different communication protocols. The approach is demonstrated using examples: (i) a wireless sensor network and (ii) a RFID reader.
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction System Based on a Segmentation Algorithms and a Modified Fourier Transform Profilometry

In this work, a modified Fourier Transform Profilometry method, together with the region post-processing (where the object to digitize is located) is used as a 3D reconstruction system for solid objects. By projecting a sinusoidal fringe pattern with a known spatial frequency on the object, a vision system is capable of infer the object’s depth information. First, the fringe pattern is projected on a reference plane, later the object to digitize is placed in front of the reference plane and the same fringe pattern is projected. Both images, the reference and the object, are acquired and the proposed method is applied. One of the main difficulties is the high frequency content in the unwrapping process, and this effect can be minimized by knowing the spatial frequency and its multiples. It can be observed that the fringe pattern is distorted due to the object’s irregular shape in comparison with the reference plane. At this time, the modified Fourier Transform Profilometry Method (FTP) is applied where the resulting phase difference of the acquired and processed images has the information of the object’s depth. To improve the results, the object’s contour is taken into account to process only the object area and avoid the errors produced by shadows. Some tests with computer generated and real objects with different geometries are carried out to verify the proposed methodology, considering the factors that mostly affect the method.
Line-based Face Recognition under Varying Pose Title Line-based Face Recognition under Varying Pose Primary Author(s) Date

Most research in recognising human faces consists of full frontal view images and operate under strict imaging conditions such as controlled illumination and limited facial expressions. Face recognition using multiple views in the viewing sphere is a more di cult task since face rotations out of the imaging plane can introduce occlusion of facial structures. In this paper we propose a novel image-based face recognition technique using transects or line segments of 2D image views that achieves high generalisation recognition rates for rotations both in and out of the plane, is robust to scaling, and is computationally e cient. Results show that the classi cation accuracy of the algorithm is superior compared with benchmark algorithms and is able to recognise test views in quasi real-time.
Modeling and design of a neutral-point voltage regulator for a three-level diode-clamped inverter using multiple-carrier modulation

The three-level diode-clamped multilevel converter commonly called the neutral-point-clamped converter has become established to be a preferred topology for high-power motor drive applications operating at several kilovolts. Although solutions to the problem of maintaining a stable neutral-point voltage in the converter continue to be the topic of research, a simple solution based on a design-oriented dynamic model of the system is not widely known. This paper presents the design, analysis, and implementation of a simple neutral-point voltage regulator for a three-level diode-clamped multilevel inverter, which uses a multiple-carrier sine-triangle modulator in conjunction with a closed-loop controller for neutral-point regulation. Redundant state choices are controlled via a continuous offset voltage that regulates the dc injection into the midpoint of the dc bus. A small-signal transfer function is developed in closed form, for neutral-point regulation, with the voltage offset as the control variable. Besides maintaining dc-bus voltage balance, the use of the approach leads to a significant reduction in the voltage distortion at the neutral point, allowing a definitive reduction in the required dc bus capacitance. Analytical, computer simulation, and experimental results verifying the approach are presented in this paper.