Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonweightbearing Radiographs in Patients With a Subtle Lisfranc Injury

Background: A midfoot sprain can be easily missed because of minimal findings on initial radiographs, which are almost universally nonweightbearing. We investigated preoperative nonweightbearing plain radiographic images in patients who were found to have unstable subtle Lisfranc injuries. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 51 patients who were operated on between February 2004 and March 2015. Abnormal preoperative radiographic findings and intraoperative instability were compared. The relationship was calculated with Fisher’s exact test. Results: Based on intraoperative findings, medial cuneiform (C1)–second metatarsal (M2) instability was observed in 50 cases (98%), which was the most common. Thirty-nine cases (76.4 %) had multiple joint (at least 2) instability. In the preoperative radiologic findings, C1-M2 diastasis was the most common abnormal finding, in 46 cases (90.1%). Specificity and positive predictive value were 1.0 in C1-M2 avulsion, diastasis, and C1–intermediate cuneiform (C2) diastasis. Abnormal findings of C1-C2, C1-M1, and C2-M2 showed a significant relationship with intraoperative instability (P < .05). Conclusion: C1-M2 avulsion and diastasis and C1-C2 diastasis were definite preoperative predictors of instability. In unstable subtle Lisfranc injuries, 90% had at least a minor radiographic abnormality at the C1-M2 joint on nonweightbearing radiographs. However, caution should be exercised to identify instability without radiographic abnormality in the C1-M2 joint. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series
Submandibular adenitis in a newborn caused by Mycoplasma hominis.

Despite frequent colonization of the newborn infant with genital mycoplasmas, morbidity due to these organisms has been cited on few occasions. This report describes an infant with suppurative submandibular lymphadenitis from whom Mycoplasma hominis was isolated in pure culture. CASE REPORT A 2,580-gm, firstborn, black, female twin was the product of a 36-week pregnancy in a 15-year-old primigravida in whom mild preeclampsia and fever developed one day prior to delivery. After spontaneous rupture of the membranes and a 12-hour labor, the infant was delivered without complication by low forceps and vacuum extraction. Apgar scores were 7 and 9 at one and five minutes, respectively; findings on routine newborn examination were unremarkable.
Osteogenic progenitor cells in rat bone marrow stromal populations exhibit self-renewal in culture.

Marrow stromal cells are a heterogeneous population, comprising a variety of lineages including osteogenic cells. In the presence of ascorbic acid, sodium beta-glycerophosphate, and dexamethasone, rat bone marrow stromal cells form discrete nodules of mineralized, bonelike tissue. We used nodule formation by rat bone marrow stromal cells to assay for the self-renewal capacity of osteogenic progenitor cell populations. Cultures were subcultured every 5 days up to six times. Osteogenesis was assayed from second to sixth subcultures by counting the number and measuring the areas of mineralized nodules formed in cultures grown with 10(-8) mol/L dexamethasone. Nodule number and area decreased progressively between second and sixth subcultures. Alkaline phosphatase activity associated with individual cells and measured videodensitometrically decreased exponentially between the second and sixth subculture. The number of cells with alkaline phosphatase activity also decreased with progressive subculturing. The proportions of 3H-thymidine-labeled cells after continuous labeling from the beginning of the culture period showed 90% labeling for cells with alkaline phosphatase activity and fibroblastlike cells. Cultures labeled for only the first 3 days exhibited higher labeling of alkaline phosphatase-positive cells than fibroblastlike cells (P less than .05). Cultures that were flash-labeled at the end of the culture period demonstrated low labeling indices for cells with alkaline phosphatase activity and up to 10-fold higher labeling indices for fibroblastlike cells. Separate cultures treated with a cytocidal dose of high specific activity 3H-thymidine did not form nodules. These results indicate that osteogenic progenitor cells or another cell type required for nodules to develop must divide early in culture if nodule formation is to occur, and that osteoprogenitor cells express a limited capacity for self-renewal.
Electronic transport in atomically thin layered materials

Electronic transport in atomically thin layered materials has been a burgeoning field of study since the discovery of isolated single layer graphene in 2004. Graphene, a semi-metal, has a unique gapless Dirac-like band structure at low electronic energies, giving rise to novel physical phenomena and applications based on them. Graphene is also light, strong, transparent, highly conductive, and flexible, making it a promising candidate for next-generation electronics. Graphene's success has led to a rapid expansion of the world of 2D electronics, as researchers search for corollary materials that will also support stable, atomically thin, crystalline structures. The family of transition metal diclialcogenides represent some of the most exciting advances in that effort. Crucially, transition metal dichalcogenides add semiconducting elements to the world of 2D materials, enabling digital electronics and optoelectronics. Moreover, the single layer variants of these materials can posses a direct band gap, which greatly enhances their optical properties. This thesis is comprised of work performed on graphene and the dichalcogenides MoS 2 and WSe 2. Initially, we expand on the family of exciting graphene devices with new work in the fabrication and characterization of suspended graphene nanoelectromnechanical resonators. Here we will demonstrate novel suspension techniques for graphene devices, the ion beam etching of nanoscale patterns into suspended graphene systems, and characterization studies of high frequency graphene nanoelectromechanical resonators that approach the GHz regime. We will then describe pioneering work on the characterization of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides and the development of electronics and optoelectronics based on those materials. We will describe the intrinsic electronic transport properties of high quality monolayer and bilayer MoS 2 , performing Hall measurements and demonstrating the temperature dependence of the material's resistivity, mobility, and contact resistance. And we will present data on optoelectronic devices based on electrically tunable p-n diodes in monolayer WSe 2 , demonstrating a photodiode, solar cell, and light enmitting diode. Thesis Supervisor: Pablo Jarillo-Herrero Title: Associate Professor
Estimation of Multiple, Time-Varying Motions Using Time-Frequency Representations and Moving-Objects Segmentation

We extend existing spatiotemporal approaches to handle time-varying motions estimation of multiple objects. It is shown that multiple, time-varying motions estimation is equivalent to the instantaneous frequency estimation of superpoliteness FM sinusoids. Therefore, we apply established signal processing tools, such as time-frequency representations to show that for each time instant, the energy is concentrated along planes in the 3-D space: spatial frequencies - instantaneous frequency. Using fuzzy C-planes, we estimate indirectly the instantaneous velocities. Furthermore, adapting existing approaches to our problem, we attain the identification of the moving objects. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of our methodology.
Memory efficient mining of periodic-frequent patterns in transactional databases

Periodic-frequent patterns are an important class of regularities which exists in a transactional database. A frequent pattern is called periodic-frequent if it appears at regular intervals in a transactional database. In the literature, a model of periodic-frequent patterns was proposed and pattern growth like approaches to extract patterns are being explored. In these approaches, a periodic-frequent pattern tree is built in which a transaction-id list is maintained at each path's tail-node. As the typical size of transactional database is very huge in the modern e-commerce era, extraction of periodic-frequent patterns by maintaining transaction-ids in the tree requires more memory. In this paper, to reduce the memory requirements, we introduced a notion of period summary by capturing the periodicity of the patterns in a sequence of transaction-ids. While building the tree, the period summary of the transactions is computed and stored at the tail-node of the tree instead of the transaction-ids. We have also proposed a merging framework for period summaries for mining periodic-frequent patterns. The performance could be improved significantly as the memory required to store the period summaries is significantly less than the memory required to store the transaction-id list. Experimental results show that the proposed approach reduces the memory consumption significantly and also improves the runtime efficiency considerably over the existing approaches.
Reduced virulence of a defined pneumolysin-negative mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Insertion-duplication mutagenesis was used to construct a pneumolysin-negative derivative of Streptococcus pneumoniae. This was achieved by first transforming the nonencapsulated strain Rx1 with a derivative of the vector pVA891 carrying a 690-base-pair DNA fragment from the middle of the pneumolysin structural gene. DNA was extracted from the resultant erythromycin-resistant, pneumolysin-negative rough pneumococcus and used to transform S. pneumoniae D39, a virulent type 2 strain. Several erythromycin-resistant transformants were obtained from two independent experiments, and none of these produced pneumolysin. Southern blot analysis confirmed that the pneumolysin gene in these transformants had been interrupted by the plasmid-derived sequences. The pneumolysin-negative mutants showed reduced virulence for mice compared with D39, as judged by survival time after intranasal challenge, intraperitoneal 50% lethal dose, and blood clearance studies. Pneumolysin production was reinstated in one of the mutants by transformation with the cloned pneumolysin gene, with the concomitant loss of erythromycin resistance; the virulence in mice of this isolate was indistinguishable from that of D39. These results confirm the involvement of pneumolysin in pneumococcal pathogenesis.
Relief of Feedback Inhibition of Her3 Transcription by Raf and Mek Inhibitors Attenuates Their Antitumor Effects in Braf -mutant Thyroid Carcinomas Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Pathology, And

The RAF inhibitor vemurafenib (PLX4032) increases survival in patients with BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma, but has limited effi cacy in patients with color-ectal cancers. Thyroid cancer cells are also comparatively refractory to RAF inhibitors. In contrast to melanomas, inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling by PLX4032 is transient in thyroid and colorectal cancer cells. The rebound in extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in thyroid cells is accompanied by increased HER3 signaling caused by induction of ERBB3 (HER3) transcription through decreased promoter occupancy by the transcriptional repressors C-terminal binding protein 1 and 2 and by autocrine secretion of neuregulin-1 (NRG1). The HER kinase inhibitor lapatinib prevents MAPK rebound and sensitizes BRAF-mutant thyroid cancer cells to RAF or MAP-ERK kinase inhibitors. This provides a rationale for combining ERK pathway antagonists with inhibitors of feedback-reactivated HER signaling in this disease. The determinants of primary resistance to MAPK inhibitors vary between cancer types, due to preferential upregulation of specifi c receptor tyrosine kinases, and the abundance of their respective ligands. SIGNIFICANCE: Thyroid cancer cell lines with mutant BRAF are resistant to PLX4032. RAF inhibitors transiently inhibit the ERK pathway and de-repress HER3 transcription. In the context of constitutive NRG1 secretion, this results in an ERK and AKT rebound that diminishes the antitumor effects of RAF inhibitors, which is overcome by combination with lapatinib.
On Logic Programming with Aggregates

In this paper, we present a translational semantics for normal logic programs with aggregates. We propose two different translations of logic programs with aggregates into normal logic programs, whose answer set semantics is used to defined the semantics of the original programs. Differently from many of the earlier proposals in this area, our semantics does not impose any syntactic restrictions on the aggregates and the programs. The semantics naturally extends the traditional answer set semantics for normal logic programs, and it subsumes many of the previous proposals in this area, yet it overcomes several drawbacks of those proposals, e.g., by disallowing non-minimal answer sets. We also discuss how the proposed approach can be extended to logic programs with aggregates in the head, a class of programs that has rarely been considered. The new semantics is natural and intuitive, and it can be directly implemented using available answer set solvers. We describe a system, called ASP, that is capable of computing answer sets of programs with arbitrary (possibly recursively defined) aggregates. We also present a preliminary comparison of ASP with another system for computing answer sets of programs with aggregates, DLVA. 1 Background and Motivation The handling of aggregates in Logic Programming (LP) has been the subject of intense studies in the late 80s and early 90’s [17, 21, 28, 34, 35]. Most of these proposals focused on the theoretical foundations and computational properties of aggregate functions in LP. The recent development of the answer set programming paradigm, whose underlying theoretical foundation is the answer set semantics [11], has renewed the interest in the treatment of aggregates in LP and led to a number of new proposals [2, 3, 7, 9, 13, 24, 26]. Unlike many of the earlier proposals, these new efforts provide a sensible semantics for programs with recursive aggregates. Most of these new efforts build on the spirit of answer set semantics for LP, and some have found their way in concrete implementations. For example, the current release (built BEN/2/23/05)1 of DLVA handles aggregate-stratified programs [2], and the system described in [7] supports recursive aggregates according to the semantics described in [17]. The ASET-Prolog system supports recursive aggregates, but its implementation [15] is still prototypical. http://www.dbai. tuwien.ac. at/proj/dlv
Wet spinning of cellulose from ionic liquid solutions–viscometry and mechanical performance

A series of regenerated cellulose fibers was produced from dopes prepared by mixing and dissolving cellulose of two different degrees of polymerization in different ratios in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate. Viscoelastic properties of the spin dopes were characterized by controlled stress rheometry. The cellulose solutions were solidified in pure water by the traditional wet spinning technique. The resulting fibers were characterized by means of wet and dry tensile testing and scanning electron microscopy. The characterization revealed a compact and homogeneous fiber. A nonlinear relationship between degree of polymerization and fiber properties was observed with a moderate difference in mechanical properties in a broad interval of fibers while fibers composed of polymers with the highest degree of polymerization stood out as stronger and stiffer.
1,4-Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers inhibit plasma and LDL oxidation and formation of oxidation-specific epitopes in the arterial wall and prolong survival in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) reduce systolic blood pressure and stroke-related mortality in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SPSHR). Brain ischemia is associated with loss of intracellular antioxidants. Increased formation of oxygen radicals and oxidation of LDL may enhance arterial vasoconstriction by various mechanisms. CCBs that also exert antioxidative properties in vitro may therefore be particularly useful. To investigate such antioxidant effects in vivo, we determined several parameters of LDL oxidation in SPSHR treated with two 1,4-dihydropyridine-type (1,4-DHP) CCBs of different lipophilic properties and compared them with antioxidant-treated and untreated controls. We also tested whether these drugs decrease the formation of oxidation-specific epitopes in arteries. METHODS Five groups of 9 to 14 SPSHR each (aged 8 weeks) were treated with 80 mg/kg body wt per day nifedipine, 1 mg or 0.3 mg/kg body wt per day lacidipine, vitamin E (100 IU/d), or carrier for 5 weeks. A group of Wistar-Kyoto rats was used as normotensive control. Plasma samples were taken, and LDL was isolated by ultracentrifugation. Then LDL was exposed to oxygen radicals generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase reaction (2 mmol/L xanthine+100 mU/mL xanthine oxidase), and several parameters of oxidation were determined. The presence of native apolipoprotein B and oxidation-specific epitopes in the carotid and middle cerebral arteries was determined immunocytochemically. RESULTS 1,4-DHP CCBs completely prevented mortality. Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats showed less oxidation than control SPSHR. Plasma lipoperoxide levels were 0.87+/-0.27 micromol/L in control SPSHR, 0.69+/-0.19 and 0.63+/-0.20 micromol/L in the groups treated with 0.3 and 1 mg lacidipine, respectively, and 0.68+/-0.23 micromol/L in nifedipine-treated animals (P<0.05 versus control SPSHR for all values). Both CCBs significantly decreased formation of conjugated dienes and prolonged the lag time in LDL exposed to oxygen radicals. Similarly, lipoperoxides and malondialdehyde were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Reduced relative electrophoretic mobility and increased trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid reactivity of LDL from treated rats (P<0.01) also indicated that fewer lysine residues of apolipoprotein B were oxidatively modified in the presence of 1,4-DHP CCBs. Finally, these drugs reduced the intimal presence of apolipoprotein B and oxidized LDL (oxidation-specific epitopes) in carotid and middle cerebral arteries. CONCLUSIONS In the SPSHR model, 1,4-DHP CCBs reduce plasma and LDL oxidation and formation of oxidation-specific epitopes and prolong survival independently of blood pressure modifications. Our results support the concept that the in vivo protective effect of these drugs on cerebral ischemia and stroke may in part result from inhibition of oxidative processes.
Measurement-Driven Guidelines for 802.11 WLAN Design

Dense deployments of WLANs suffer from increased interference and, as a result, reduced capacity. There are three main functions used to improve the overall network capacity: 1) intelligent frequency allocation across access points (APs); 2) load-balancing of user affiliations across APs; and 3) adaptive power control for each AP. Several algorithms have been proposed in each category, but so far, their evaluation has been limited to: a) each approach in isolation; and b) simulations or small-scale testbeds. In this paper, we ask the question: What is the best way to combine these different functions? Our focus is to fully explore the interdependencies between the three functions in order to understand when and how to deploy them on a network. We follow a measurement-driven study to quantify the effects of three previously proposed optimization schemes (one for each category) on a relatively large testbed and in many different scenarios. Surprisingly, we find that blindly applying all the three optimization schemes is not always preferable; it can sometimes degrade the performance by as much as 24% compared to using only two of the schemes. We discover that there are explicit conditions that are conducive for applying specific combinations of the optimization schemes. We capture these conditions within a comprehensive framework, which we call measurement-driven guidelines (MDG). While we derive such guidelines based on measurements on one experimental testbed, we test their applicability and efficacy on a second testbed in a different location. We show that our framework improves network capacity consistently across both testbeds, with improvements ranging from 22% to 142% with 802.11a, and 103% to 274% with 802.11g.
Forward Calibration of Closed-Loop Jointed Manipulators

A method for performing forward kinematic calibration of manipulators with one or more closed-loop actuated joints is presented. The technique is an extension of algorithms de signed for open-loop jointed manipulators and is equivalent to minimizing a constrained objective function. The con straints arise from the closed-loop mechanisms in the manip ulator. The objective function is taken as the integral of end effector position and orientation error and is optimized using the method of Lagrange multipliers.
The numerical simulation of laser-generated ultrasound to detect the debonding in the honeycomb sandwich board

Among complex materials, honeycomb sandwich structure has a lot of advantages. However, it is usually found poor bonding or even debonding. Some convenient nondestructive methods should be found to measure the defect efficiently. Laser-generated ultrasound detection is a new nondestructive method with a bright future. Compared with traditional methods, the advantages of non-contact and high resolution in spatial and temporal made it applicable not only in measuring defects with high precision, but also in the characterization of various complex shapes. In this paper, to detect the debonding of the honeycomb sandwich board, the laser-generated ultrasound technology was used. By the use of the finite element method (FEM), a 2D model dealing with laser-generated ultrasound in the honeycomb sandwich board was presented. Take into account of the debonding problem, by adopting the scanned laser source, the propagation of Lamb wave and longitudinal wave were studied. The debonding in the honeycomb sandwich board was assessed though the characteristic of the Lamb wave and longitudinal wave in time domain and frequency domain.
Long-Term Tension-Stiffening Effects in Concrete

For many types of construction, such as balanced cantilever, incremental launch, or even in-place on formwork, the time-dependent effects have to be included within the structural analysis by the designer, both in terms of stresses and deformations. This article reports on a study that investigated long-term tension-stiffening effects in beams and slabs by a comprehensive series of laboratory tests. Three load levels and three concrete strengths were used and loads were sustained for periods of up to 4 months. Some specimens contained strain-gauged reinforcing bars to obtain very detailed data concerning reinforcement strain distributions. The results indicated that tension-stiffening decayed much more rapidly than was previously thought, and that by 20 days, or sooner, after loading, it had reduced to its long-term value. The authors conclude by discussing the implications of their results on the current design rules for deflection control.