Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerically stable Jacobi array for parallel singular value decomposition (SVD) updating

A novel algorithm is presented for updating the singular value decomposition in parallel. It is an improvement upon an earlier developed Jacobi-type SVD updating algorithm, where now the exact orthogonality of a certain matrix is guaranteed by means of a minimal factorization in terms of angles. Its orthogonality is known to be crucial for the numerical stability of the overall algorithm. The factored approach leads to a triangular array of rotation cells, implementing an orthogonal matrix-vector multiplication, and a novel array for SVD updating. Both arrays can be built up of CORDIC processors since the algorithms make exclusive use of orthogonal planar transformations.
Several Families of Binary Minimal Linear Codes From Two-to-One Functions

Minimal linear codes have important applications in secure communications, including in the framework of secret sharing schemes and secure multi-party computation. A lot of research have been carried out to derive codes with few weights (but more importantly, being minimal) using algebraic or geometric approaches. One of the main power and fructify algebraic methods is based on the design of those codes by employing functions over finite fields. Li et al. (2021) have recently identified some binary linear codes with few weights from two classes of two-to-one functions. In this paper, our ultimate objective is to expand the class of codes derived from the paper of Li et al. by proposing larger classes of binary linear codes with few weights via generic constructions involving other known families of two-to-one functions over the finite field $\mathbb {F}_{2^{n}}$ of order $2^{n}$ . We succeed in constructing such codes, and we also completely determine their weight distributions. The linear codes presented in this paper differ in parameters from those known in the literature. Besides, some of them are optimal concerning the well-known Griesmer bound. Notably, we prove that our codes are either optimal or almost optimal with respect to the online Database of Grassl. We next observe that the derived binary linear codes also have the minimality property for most cases. We then describe the access structures of the secret-sharing schemes based on their dual codes. Finally, we solve two problems left open in the paper by Li et al. (more specifically, a complete solution to Problem 2 and a partial solution to Problem 1).
Neutron stars in Einstein-Λ gravity: the cosmological constant eﬀects

Regarding a d -dimensional spherically symmetric line element in the context of Einstein- Λ gravity, the hydrostatic equilibrium equation of stars is obtained. Then, by using the lowest-order constrained variational (LOCV) method with the AV18 potential and employing microscopic many-body calculations in the modern equation of state, the structure properties of neutron stars are investigated. Regardless of the cosmological point of view and considering arbitrary positive and negative values of the cosmological constant, the maximum mass of the neutron stars and their corresponding radius in 4 dimensions are computed. The results show that there is an upper limit for the maximum mass of a neutron star for a positive cosmological constant ( M max ≤ 1 . 68 M (cid:2) ). On the other hand, it is shown that the Einstein gravity cannot explain the structure of neutron star with negative Λ . Other properties of neutron stars such as the Schwarzschild radius, average density, compactness and Buchdahl-Bondi bound are studied. In addition, by using the Buchdahl-Bondi bound for neutron stars, stability of these stars is investigated. Finally, the dynamical stability is investigated and it is shown that the neutron stars follow the dynamical stability in this gravity.
Application of generalized differential quadrature method to nonlinear bending analysis of a single SWCNT over a bundle of nanotubes

The deformation of an individual single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) over a bundle of nanotubes has been studied using the generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method. The effects of length, diameter, and minimum value of Lennard–Jones experimental potential have been considered in the governing equation which is derived based on the GDQ and the issues related to the implementation of the boundary and compatibility conditions were addressed. The explanation of reliability and flexibility of the GDQ is done by solving several selected examples which are evaluated by comparing them with existing exact or approximate solutions which were previously generated by finite element approach.
Modern theory of polarization in ferroelectrics

Abstract A modern theory of the macroscopic electric polarization has been recently founded. Polarization itself is not an observable, while the polarization difference ΔP between any two crystal states can be measured, defined, and calculated as a bulk material property. An hysteresis cycle measures ΔP as the integrated current flowing through the sample: the present theory provides an expression for exactly this quantity. Being a current, ΔP is a property of the phases of the crystal wavefunctions, which can be cast as a Berry's phase, i.e. as a gauge-invariant phase feature of the valence Bloch orbitals. I stress that the periodic charge density of the polarized crystal-where any phase information is deleted-is irrelevant to macroscopic polarization. The present viewpoint elucidates the fundamental quantum nature of polarization: no Clausius-Mossotti-like model applies whenever the valence electrons are delocalized, as is the case in perovskites. Besides its conceptual importance, the Berry's phase app.
HfO2 gate dielectric with 0.5 nm equivalent oxide thickness

Hafnium dioxide films have been deposited using reactive electron beam evaporation in oxygen on hydrogenated Si(100) surfaces. The capacitance–voltage curves of as-deposited metal(Ti)–insulator–semiconductor structures exhibited large hysteresis and frequency dispersion. With post-deposition annealing in hydrogen at 300 °C, the frequency dispersion decreased to less than 1%/decade, while the hysteresis was reduced to 20 mV at flatband. An equivalent oxide thickness of 0.5 nm was achieved for HfO2 thickness of 3.0 nm. We attribute this result to a combination of pristine hydrogen saturated silicon surfaces, room temperature dielectric deposition, and low temperature hydrogen annealing.
Generalized GL Fractional Derivative and Its Laplace and Fourier Transform

It is well known the difficulties that the Riesz fractional derivative present, as the spatial fractional derivative involved in many models of the dynamics of anomalous processes. The generalized Grunwal-Letnikov fractional derivative is analysed in this paper. Its Laplace and Fourier Transforms are computed and some current results criticized. It is shown that only the forward derivative of a sinusoid exists. This result is used to define the frequency response of a fractional linear system.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
An historical survey of computational methods in optimal control.

The last twenty years have seen a great flourishing in optimal control theory. In this paper, we shall highlight some of the salient theoretical developments in the specific area of algorithms.The first algorithms for optimal control were aimed at unconstrained problems and were derived by using first and second variation methods of the calculus of variations. These methods have subsequently been recognized as gradient, Newton–Raphson, or Gauss–Newton methods in function space. A much more recent addition to the arsenal of unconstrained optimal control algorithms are several variations of conjugate gradient methods.At first, constrained optimal control problems could only be solved by exterior penalty function methods. Later algorithms specifically designed for constrained problems have appeared. Among these we find methods for solving the unconstrained linear quadratic regulator problem as well as certain constrained minimum time and minimum energy problems. Differential-dynamic programming was developed.
Estimation of reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant outbreak in Hong Kong

We present the evolution of time dependent reproduction number across the five different Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (HK) epidemic waves from January, 2020, to March, 2022. We provide reliable estimation of reproduction number of Omicron variant of concern (VOC) by analysing data related to fifth wave to determine its peculiar characteristics with respect to the other VOCs. HK could be considered as the optimal model for the calculation of the dynamics of Omicron VOC transmission in an environment representative of the fully populated cities of the Asian Pacific coast. On the basis of Rt calculated for Omicron VOC in our work, researchers could refine provisional data for the current outbreak which is affecting China
An Examination of Turbulent Flow with an Ultramicroscope

1. Hitherto, the majority of researches into the character of turbulent fluid flow have been concerned with the motions of relatively large molar masses of fluid, and the methods used to obtain visual impressions of the flow pattern have usually involved the introduction into the fluid of particles of extraneous matter, such as aluminium particles, oil drops, etc. It is questionable whether such methods are permissible for the examination of microturbulence, especially near the boundary of the fluid where the scale of the turbulence is small, since if the particles introduced are comparable in size with the molar masses, their internal motions may not be faithfully represented. In a study of this kind of motion it is very desirable therefore to avoid any such interference with the flow, and the ultramicroscope offered a possible means of doing this provided the difficulties in applying the instrument could be surmounted. 2. The principle of the ultramicroscope depends on the fact that minute particles usually present in most fluids, but invisible in ordinary light even under the most powerful microscope, become visible when intensely illuminated provided they are seen against a dark background. Particles whose shapes are not discernible, because they are smaller than the wave-length of light, then become visible as bright points of light.
Simulation of Mating Between Nonanalytic Surfaces Using a Mathematical Programing Formulation

In this paper, we describe a new method for simulating mechanical assembly between components that are composed of surfaces that do not have perfect geometric form. Mating between these imperfect form surfaces is formulated as a constrained optimization problem of the form "minimize the distance from perfect fit, subject to noninterference between components. " We explore the characteristics of this mating problem and investigate the applicability of several potential solution algorithms. The problem can be solved by converting the constrained optimization formulation into an unconstrained problem using a penalty-function approach. We describe the characteristics of this unconstrained formulation and test the use of two different solution methods: a randomized search technique and a gradient-based method. We test the algorithm by simulating mating between component models that exhibit form errors typically generated in end-milling processes.
The Effect of Hopelessness on Depressive Symptoms in Mothers of Infants Hospitalized at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: The Mediating Role of Anxiety

Objective: Mothers of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are at high risk for depressive symptoms. This study investigated whether anxiety symptoms mediate the relationships between hopelessness and depressive symptoms in mothers with newborn infants admitted to the NICU. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the NICU of a university hospital in Turkey between October 2021 and March 2022. A total of 100 mothers whose infants were hospitalized in the NICU participated in the study. The data were collected using the Sociodemographic Data Form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Linear regression analysis was used to examine the effect of demographic characteristics on scale scores. In order to test whether the anxiety score has a mediating role in the relationship between hopelessness and depression, the analysis was made based on the bootstrap method and the Maximum Likelihood method. Results: Levels of the depression, anxiety and hopelessness levels of the NICU mothers were not affected by the demographic variables of the parent and the infant. Hopelessness was found to predict depressive symptoms (β = 0.476; p < .050). In addition, according to the mediator variable analysis results, it was found that anxiety had a mediating role between the level of hopelessness and depressive symptoms (β = 0.596; p < .050). Accordingly, hopelessness explains 52.5% of the change in depression along with anxiety. Conclusion: Our study detailed the specific process of depressive symptoms caused by hopelessness in NICU mothers.
EMPIRICAL LIKELIHOOD TEST FOR CAUSALITY OF BIVARIATE AR(1) PROCESSES

Testing for causality is of critical importance for many econometric applications. For bivariate AR(1) processes, the limit distributions of causality tests based on least squares estimation depend on the presence of nonstationary processes. When nonstationary processes are present, the limit distributions of such tests are usually very complicated, and the full-sample bootstrap method becomes inconsistent as pointed out in Choi (2005, Statistics and Probability Letters 75, 39–48). In this paper, a profile empirical likelihood method is proposed to test for causality. The proposed test statistic is robust against the presence of nonstationary processes in the sense that one does not have to determine the existence of nonstationary processes a priori. Simulation studies confirm that the proposed test statistic works well.
Probability Functions: The Matter of Their Recursive Definability

This paper studies the extent to which probability functions are recursively definable. It proves, in particular, that the (absolute) probability of a statement A is recursively definable from a certain point on, to wit: from the (absolute) probabilities of certain atomic components and conjunctions of atomic components of A on, but to no further extent. And it proves that, generally, the probability of a statement A relative to a statement B is recursively definable from a certain point on, to wit: from the probabilities relative to that very B of certain atomic components and conjunctions of atomic components of A, but again to no further extent. These and other results are extended to the less studied case where A and B are compounded from atomic statements by means of `` ∀ '' as well as `` ∼ '' and "&". The absolute probability functions considered are those of Kolmogorov and Carnap, and the relative ones are those of Kolmogorov, Carnap, Renyi, and Popper.
Iberiotoxin and clofilium regulate hyperactivation, acrosome reaction, and ion homeostasis synergistically during human sperm capacitation

Potassium channels play essential roles in the regulation of male fertility. However, potassium channels mediating K+ currents in human sperm (IKSper) remain controversial. Besides SLO3, the SLO1 potassium channel is a potential candidate for human sperm KSper. This study intends to elucidate the function of SLO1 potassium channel during human sperm capacitation. Human sperm were treated with iberiotoxin (IbTX, a SLO1 specific inhibitor) and clofilium (SLO3 inhibitor) separately or simultaneously during in vitro capacitation. A computer‐assisted sperm analyzer was used to assess sperm motility. The sperm acrosome reaction (AR) was analyzed using fluorescein isothiocyanate‐conjugated Pisum sativum agglutinin staining. Sperm protein tyrosine phosphorylation was studied using western blotting. Intracellular Ca2+, K+, Cl−, and pH were analyzed using ion fluorescence probes. Independent inhibition with IbTX or clofilium decreased the sperm hyperactivation, AR, and protein tyrosine phosphorylation, and was accompanied by an increase in [K+]i, [Cl−]i, and pHi, but a decrease in [Ca2+]i. Simultaneously inhibition with IbTX and clofilium lower sperm hyperactivation and AR more than independent inhibition. The increase in [K+]i, [Cl−]i, and pHi, and the decrease in [Ca2+]i were more pronounced. This study suggested that the SLO1 potassium channel may have synergic roles with SLO3 during human sperm capacitation.
Enhancing an online cognitive behavioural therapy intervention for depression: Harnessing the feedback of sexual and gender minority youth to help improve SPARX

Objective SPARX is an online cognitive behavioural therapy self-help intervention for adolescent depression provided in serious game format. Since 2014, it has been freely available in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) due to funding from the NZ government. In 2020/21, feedback from sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) was used to refine and update SPARX. Method Three online focus groups and follow-up email consultations involved 12 SGMY (16 to 25 years old) in NZ. A general inductive approach was used to analyse data. Results SGMY had specific needs as well as preferences and four themes were identified: attend to our contextual realities; portrayals of sexual and gender minority people in games; envisaged ideals for serious gaming and appraisals of SPARX. SGMY feedback was used to improve SPARX for this unique population, with the updates launched in October 2021. Conclusions SGMY are underserved in terms of their mental health needs. Refining or tailoring existing interventions proffers a potential way forward in terms of addressing these needs.
Immune-interacting lymphatic endothelial subtype at capillary terminals drives lymphatic malformation

Petkova et al. identify a new Ptx3-positive immune-interacting subtype of lymphatic endothelial cells, iLECs, that drive oncogenic PI3K-driven lymphatic malformations. These cells produce chemokines that recruit pro-lymphangiogenic macrophages, which in turn promote pathological lymphatic vessel growth.
A two-input two-output fuzzy controller is the sum of two nonlinear PI controllers with variable gains

The analytical structure of a two-input two-output fuzzy controller is proved to be the sum of two nonlinear proportional-integral (PI) controllers with gains continuously varying with process outputs. The fuzzy controller consists of the following components: (1) two-member input fuzzy sets with linear membership functions; (2) five-member output fuzzy sets with singleton membership functions; (3) 16 fuzzy control rules; (4) probabilistic AND fuzzy logic; and (5) the center-of-gravity defuzzification algorithm. <<ETX>>
Ab initio analysis of frequency selective surfaces based on conventional and complementary split ring resonators

Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) made up of periodic arrays of split ring resonators (SRRs) are analysed. This analysis includes complementary screens, or complementary SRR-FSSs (CSRR-FSSs). It is shown that these FSSs show a dual behaviour, with a stop/pass band behaviour at the frequency of resonance of the SRRs/CSRRs. Cross-polarization effects in the SRR and the CSRR are considered, and it is shown that they permit resonance to occur for normally incident plane wave excitation. This latter property of SRRs and CSRRs also implies that the FSSs considered may act as polarizers and polarization converters as well. An analytical theory, valid for perfectly conducting and infinitely thin screens, is proposed for the SRR-FSSs and CSRR-FSSs. These approximations are valid in the microwave and millimetre-wave range, and up to the terahertz range.
E-cient Leave-One-Out Cross-Validationof KernelFisherDiscriminant Classiflers

Mika et al. [1] apply the \kernel trick" to obtain a non-linear variant of Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis method, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance on a range of benchmark datasets. We show that leave-one-out cross-validation of kernel Fisher discriminant classiflers can be implemented with a computational complexity of only O(‘ 3 ) operations rather than the O(‘ 4 ) of a na˜‡ve implementation, where ‘ is the number of training patterns. Leave-one-out cross-validation then becomes an attractive means of model selection in large-scale applications of kernel Fisher discriminant analysis, being signiflcantly faster than conventional k-fold cross-validation procedures commonly used.
Interactions between coherent optical phonons and excitonic quantum beats in GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells: strategy for enhancement of terahertz radiation from coherent optical phonons

We have investigated the dynamical properties of coherent longitudinal optical (LO) phonons and excitonic quantum beats in GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells with various layer thicknesses, utilizing a reflection-type pump-probe technique and an optical gating method with a photoconductive dipole antenna. It is found that the pump-probe signal of the coherent GaAs-like LO phonon is markedly enhanced under the energy-resonance condition of the LO phonon and the quantum beat due to the fundamental heavy-hole and light-hole excitons. This enhancement is caused by the coupling between the coherent LO phonon and excitonic quantum beat via the longitudinal polarization; namely, the quantum beat acts as a driving force for the coherent LO phonon. On the basis of this finding, we have demonstrated that the terahertz radiation from the coherent LO phonon is considerably intensified at room temperature by the longitudinal polarization coupling described above. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Limits on the propagation constants of planar optical waveguide modes.

where V = ixdx + iydy — jkziz and where the constitutive relations d = εe and b = μh have been used. By applying Eq. (1) to the section z1 < z < z2 rT ε D), the integration with respect to z can be carried out. It leads to a factor [exp(-2αz2) exp(-2αz1)], where kz=βjα, with α ≥ 0, β ≥ 0, multiplied by an integral in the transverse plane in both sides of Eq. (1). Since this result must hold for any value of z1 and z2 when z1 < z2 it follows that