Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-time damping estimation for variable impedance actuators

Recently-developed variable damping mechanisms have been exploited as a complement to compliant actuators. While accurate knowledge and control of generated damping is essential for achieving the desired performance, no physical sensor measuring the damping exists. This work introduces a novel non-model-based approach for the estimation of time-variant damping for variable impedance actuation systems. The approach is based only on torque and position/velocity measurements; without the knowledge of system's inputs, to ensure the estimation of both intentional and unintentional changes. Hence, a recursive least square estimator, modified for achieving a proper convergence for the estimation of time-variant parameters, is exploited. Experiments on a variable physical damping actuator are also presented to validate the performance of proposed approach.
Scene-dependent Anomalous Acoustic-event Detection Based on Conditional Wavenet and I-vector

This paper proposes a scene-dependent anomalous acoustic-event detection based on conditional WaveNet and i-vector. The WaveNet builds normal acoustic event models by exhaustive learning of time-domain signals in the public space to provide scene-independent anomaly detection. I-vectors are used as additional features to describe acoustic scenes, where the input signals are observed, to complement the WaveNet. The proposed method can detect anomalous acoustic-events in environments whose acoustic scenes vary depending on time, location, and surrounding environment. Evaluations with data recorded from the real environment demonstrate that the proposed method achieved as much as 15 pt higher F-measure than LSTM and AE. The difference in F-measure by the WaveNet with and without i-vector turned out to be 1.5 pt.
Measuring Sovereign Contagion in Europe

This paper analyzes sovereign risk shift-contagion, i.e. positive and significant changes in the propagation mechanisms, using bond yield spreads for the major eurozone countries. By emphasizing the use of two econometric approaches based on quantile regressions (standard quantile regression and Bayesian quantile regression with heteroskedasticity) we find that the propagation of shocks in euro's bond yield spreads shows almost no presence of shift-contagion. All the increases in correlation we have witnessed over the last years come from larger shocks propagated with higher intensity across Europe.
Tyrosine Phosphorylation of p130Cas and Cortactin Accompanies Integrin-mediated Cell Adhesion to Extracellular Matrix (*)

We show in this report that two v-src substrate proteins, p130 and cortactin, become tyrosine-phosphorylated during integrin-mediated cell adhesion to extracellular matrix substrata and upon cell attachment onto immobilized anti-integrin antibodies. This tyrosine phosphorylation does not occur when cells attach to polylysine or through antibodies against major histocompatibility complex. It also does not take place when adhesion-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is inhibited with cytochalasin D. Tyrosine phosphorylation of p130 and cortactin coincides with tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase during integrin-mediated cell adhesion but is independent of cell adhesion in v-src-transformed cells. The tyrosine-phosphorylated sites in p130 and cortactin may serve as binding sites for proteins containing Src homology 2 domains, as is the case with two other integrin-regulated docking proteins, focal adhesion kinase and paxillin. Thus, these results suggest that ligand binding of integrins regulates the tyrosine phosphorylation state of multiple docking proteins. These proteins may mediate anchorage dependence of growth; their misregulation in v-src-transformed and other tumorigenic cells may be responsible for the anchorage independence of such cells.
Management of Severe Tracheomalacia

JPGN Volume 52, S T racheomalacia (TM) is defined as a generalized or localized collapse of the tracheal lumen causing luminal obstruction during respiration and is considered pathologic when obstruction exceeds more than 50% of the lumen. TM is present in 75% of patients with esophageal atresia (EA) with distal tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), but severe TM often presents with acute life-threatening events (ALTEs) in only 15% to 33% of patients (1). TM is 1 of the major causes of morbidity and late death in patients with EA/ TEF. Death from TM may be prevented by its early diagnosis, adapted assessment, and aggressive management. Physiopathology of TM in patients with EA/TEF remains unclear but histologic and experimental studies report malformations of cartilage with fragmented cartilage, absence of lateral arms, or distortion of tracheal rings (2). Cartilaginous anomalies are associated with a concomitant increase in the length of muscle in the membranous part of the tracheal ring. Moreover, tracheal deformation is frequently associated with a bulging of the posterior wall related to dilated former esophageal pouch that can lead to a total anteroposterior collapse of the trachea. In addition, TM is occasionally associated with laryngeal or tracheobronchial malformations or vascular anomalies that can participate in airway obstruction (3,4). Clinically, mild-to-moderate TM may be asymptomatic apart from the characteristic barking cough, stridor, or recurrent chest infections. Severe TM presents with dyspnea and recurrent ALTE, which are usually associated with feeding, crying, or coughing. The current criterion standard of diagnosing TM is by visual assessment of tracheal collapse during bronchoscopy. Flexible bronchoscopy is superior to rigid bronchoscopy for evaluation of airway collapses (5). Flexible bronchoscopy provides the best assessment for the dynamic airway changes found in tracheobronchomalacia, and allows a complete laryngotracheal examination. Spiral computed tomography gives high-resolution and advanced volumetric assessment of tracheal lumen and reveals the spatial relation of airways and mediastinal structures (6). Dynamic acquisitions with inspiration and expiration spirals are difficult to obtain in young infants. Severe respiratory symptoms are not only attributed to TM but also may be due to gastroesophageal reflux, recurrent TEF, associated laryngotracheal malformations, and esophageal stricture,
On line fuzzy learning maximum likelihood-instrumental variable evolving algorithm

In this paper an evolving recursive fuzzy cluster algorithm based on maximum likelihood criterion using the recursive instrumental variable parameter estimation for non-linear system identification, is proposed. The performance of the proposed methodology is illustrated for black box modeling of a thermal plant from real-time acquisition data plataform. The experimental results are evaluated from metrics used in the literature to show the efficiency of the proposed online evolving recursive fuzzy clustering algorithm.
A review of the state of the practice in requirements modeling

A field study of ten organizations was conducted to determine their current practices on definition, interpretation, analysis, and use of the requirements for their software systems and products. The field study consisted of a series of in-depth, structured interviews with practitioners of various kinds. The findings of this study are summarized, and the implications for improving practice either by organizational and methodological interventions or by introducing new technology are explained. <<ETX>>
The Physical Parameters, Excitation, and Chemistry of the Rim, Jets, and Knots of the Planetary Nebula NGC 7009

We present long-slit optical spectra along the major axis of the planetary nebula NGC 7009. These data allow us to discuss the physical, excitation, and chemical properties of all the morphological components of the nebula, including its remarkable systems of knots and jets. The main results of this analysis are the following: (1) the electron temperature throughout the nebula is remarkably constant, Te[O ] = 10,200 K; (2) the bright inner rim and inner pair of knots have similar densities of Ne ~ 6000 cm-3, whereas a much lower density of Ne ~ 1500 cm-3 is derived for the outer knots as well as for the jets; (3) all the regions (rim, inner knots, jets, and outer knots) are mainly radiatively excited; and (4) there are no clear abundance changes across the nebula for He, O, Ne, or S. There is marginal evidence for an overabundance of nitrogen in the outer knots (ansae), but the inner ones (caps) and the rim have similar N/H values that are at variance with previous results. Our data are compared with the predictions of theoretical models, from which we conclude that the knots at the head of the jets are not matter accumulated during the jet expansion through the circumstellar medium; nor can their origin be explained by the proposed hydrodynamic or MHD interacting wind models for the formation of jets/ansae, since the densities, as well as the main excitation mechanisms of the knots, disagree with model predictions.
Placement and Routing for Performance-Oriented FPGA Layout

This paper presents a performance-oriented placement and routing tool for field-programmable gate arrays. Using recursive geometric partitioning for simultaneous placement and global routing, and a graph-based strategy for detailed routing, our tool optimizes source-sink pathlengths, channel width and total wirelength. Our results compare favorably with other FPGA layout tools, as measured by the maximum channel width required to place and route several benchmarks.
Hamiltonian structure, symmetries and conservation laws for water waves

An investigation on novel lines is made into the problem of water waves according to the perfect-fluid model, with reference to wave motions in both two and three space dimensions and with allowance for surface tension. Attention to the Hamiltonian structure of the complete nonlinear problem and the use of methods based on infinitesimal-transformation theory provide a Systematic account of symmetries inherent to the problem and of corresponding conservation laws. The introduction includes an outline of relevant elements from Hamiltonian theory (§ 1.1) and a brief discussion of implications that the present findings may carry for the approximate mathematical modelling of water waves (§1.2). Details of the hydrodynamic problem are recalled in §2. Then in §3 questions about the regularity of solutions are put in perspective, and a general interpretation is expounded regarding the phenomenon of wave-breaking as the termination of smooth Hamil- tonian evolution. In §4 complete symmetry groups are given for several versions of the water-wave problem : easily understood forms of the main results are listed first in §4.1, and the systematic derivations of them are explained in §4.2. Conservation laws implied by the one-parameter subgroups of the full symmetry groups are worked out in §5, where a recent extension of Noether's theorem is applied relying on the Hamiltonian structure of the problem. The physical meanings of the conservation laws revealed in §5, to an extent abstractly there, are examined fully in §6 and various new insights into the water-wave problem are presented. In Appendix 1 the parameterized version of the problem is considered, covering cases where the elevation of the free surface is not a single-valued function of horizontal position. I n Appendix 2 a general method for finding the symmetry groups of free-boundary problems is explained, and the exposition includes the mathematical material underlying the particular applications in §§4 and 5.
On the Role of Maximal Independent Sets in Cleaning Data Sets for Supervised Ranking

Multi-criteria data sets for training supervised ranking algorithms are prone to a special kind of noise or inaccuracies, resulting in non-monotonicity. Though general approaches for removing noise exist, the remediation of non-monotonicity is less thoroughly researched. In this paper we show the relationship between the non-monotonicity problem and the general independent set problem, discuss and quantify the adverse effects of non-monotonicity in test sets for a general monotone ranking algorithm, discuss some ways of performing remediation of non-monotonicity and apply these insights to two real-life data sets.
Midsagittal Jaw Movement Analysis for the Scoring of Sleep Apneas and Hypopneas

Given the importance of the detection and classification of sleep apneas and hypopneas (SAHs) in the diagnosis and the characterization of the SAH syndrome, there is a need for a reliable noninvasive technique measuring respiratory effort. This paper proposes a new method for the scoring of SAHs based on the recording of the midsagittal jaw motion (MJM, mouth opening) and on a dedicated automatic analysis of this signal. Continuous wavelet transform is used to quantize respiratory effort from the jaw motion, to detect salient mandibular movements related to SAHs and to delineate events which are likely to contain the respiratory events. The classification of the delimited events is performed using multilayer perceptrons which were trained and tested on sleep data from 34 recordings. Compared with SAHs scored manually by an expert, the sensitivity and specificity of the detection were 86.1% and 87.4%, respectively. Moreover, the overall classification agreement in the recognition of obstructive, central, and mixed respiratory events between the manual and automatic scorings was 73.1%. The MJM signal is hence a reliable marker of respiratory effort and allows an accurate detection and classification of SAHs.
Trichophaea dougoudii sp. nov. (Pezizales), un nouveau discomycète de l’étage alpin

A Trichophaea species collected in Alpine zone in France, with characters close to those of T. woolhopeia, offers the opportunity to confirm — after a morphological and phylogenetic analysis — that the latter represents a complex of mycorrhizal species difficult to split morphologically. The morphological differences seen on this collection, in particular the size and shape of the ascospores, associated to its alpine ecology, and a probable relationship with Bistorta vivipara, are confirmed by molecular data. We propose it as a new species under the name T. dougoudii
An optimization framework for query recommendation

Query recommendation is an integral part of modern search engines. The goal of query recommendation is to facilitate users while searching for information. Query recommendation also allows users to explore concepts related to their information needs. In this paper, we present a formal treatment of the problem of query recommendation. In our framework we model the querying behavior of users by a probabilistic reformula- tion graph, or query-flow graph [Boldi et al. CIKM 2008]. A sequence of queries submitted by a user can be seen as a path on this graph. Assigning score values to queries allows us to define suitable utility functions and to consider the expected utility achieved by a reformulation path on the query-flow graph. Providing recommendations can be seen as adding shortcuts in the query-flow graph that "nudge" the reformulation paths of users, in such a way that users are more likely to follow paths with larger expected utility. We discuss in detail the most important questions that arise in the proposed framework. In particular, we provide examples of meaningful utility functions to optimize, we discuss how to estimate the effect of recommendations on the reformulation probabilities, we address the complexity of the optimization problems that we consider, we suggest efficient algorithmic solutions, and we validate our models and algorithms with extensive experimentation. Our techniques can be applied to other scenarios where user behavior can be modeled as a Markov process.
Immunoelectronmicroscopic Analysis of the Ligand-induced Internalization of the Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 in Cultured Human Glioma Cells

We analyzed the internalization of the receptor subtype 2 (sst2) for the neuropeptide somatostatin in glioma cells at the ultrastructural level using an antibody against an extracellular amino acid sequence. Intact cells derived from solid human gliomas or those of the human glioma cell line U343 were receptor-labeled (a) by classical gold immunocytochemistry using a 15-nm gold-labeled second antibody, (b) directly with the sst2 antibody adsorbed to 5-nm colloidal gold, and (c) with the physiological ligand somatostatin conjugated to 5-nm colloidal gold. The receptor was predominantly internalized via uncoated vesicles budding from the cell membrane but only rarely via coated pits, which has been mostly reported for G-protein-coupled, seven transmembrane-domain receptors. In the presence of ligand and sst2 antibody vesicles, tubule-like structures, and multivesicular bodies were labeled in superficial and in perinuclear portions of the cells within the first 30 min. Lysosomal labeling was observed after 30 min and especially after an hour of internalization time. This internalization route is also used to study the directly labeled sst2 antibody or the labeled ligand. However, the late endosomal compartment appears to be reached more rapidly in these latter experiments.
Leader-follower consensus control of Lipschitz nonlinear systems by output feedback

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the leader-follower consensus problem of Lipschitz nonlinear systems under fixed directed communication networks. Both state and output feedback control are proposed based on state and output measurements of neighbouring agents, respectively. Laplacian matrix features are explored for the stability analysis, and the sufficient conditions are derived to solve the consensus problem. Finally, simulation results are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the output-based consensus controller.
Soft Biometric Fusion for Subject Recognition at a Distance

There is societal need for techniques to identify subjects at a distance and when conventional biometrics are obscured, for example in fighting crime. Soft biometrics have this capability and include a subject’s height, weight, skin colour and gender. Although the distinctiveness of soft biometric features is intuitively less than that of traditional biometric features, numerous experiments have demonstrated that the desired recognition accuracy can be achieved by using multiple soft biometric features. This paper will propose state-of-the-art multimodal biometric fusion techniques to improve recognition performance of soft biometrics. The key contribution of this paper is the analysis of the influence of distance on soft biometric traits and an exploration of the potency of recognition using fusion at varying distances. A new soft biometric database, containing images of the human face, body and clothing taken at three different distances, was created and used to obtain face, body and clothing attributes. This new database was constructed to explore the suitability of each modality at a distance: intuitively, the face is suitable for near field identification, and the body becomes the optimal choice when the subject is further away. The new dataset is used to explore the potential of face, body and clothing for human recognition using fusion. We present a novel fusion technique at score and rank level that improves identification performance. A novel joint density distribution-based rank-score fusion is also proposed to combine rank and score information. Analysis using the new soft biometric database demonstrates that recognition performance is significantly improved by using the new methods over single modalities at different distances.
A single-chip quad-band GSM/GPRS transceiver in 0.18 /spl mu/m standard CMOS

A 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS single-chip fully integrated quad-band GSM/GPRS transceiver is presented. The low-IF receive section achieves -110dBm sensitivity at the antenna and -15dBm IIP3. The offset-frequency PLL transmitter achieves 1.2/spl deg/ rms phase noise, -65dBc modulation mask at 400kHz, and -165dBc/Hz noise at 20MHz. The chip occupies 17mm/sup 2/ and dissipates 95mA/112mA in receive/transmit mode.
Hierarchical Segment Support for Categorical Image Labeling

This paper introduces a novel method for categorical image labeling, where each pixel is uniquely assigned to one of a set of unordered, discrete labels. Starting from provided label-depending pixel likelihoods we (a) exploit a segment hierarchy as spatial support to define powerful priors and (b) introduce an efficient and effective inference method, that can be implemented in a few lines of code. Experiments show that competitive labeling accuracy compared to related discrete, continuous, segmentation and filtering approaches is achieved.
Active learning and discovery of object categories in the presence of unnameable instances

Current visual recognition algorithms are “hungry” for data but massive annotation is extremely costly. Therefore, active learning algorithms are required that reduce labeling efforts to a minimum by selecting examples that are most valuable for labeling. In active learning, all categories occurring in collected data are usually assumed to be known in advance and experts should be able to label every requested instance. But do these assumptions really hold in practice? Could you name all categories in every image?
Effects of a rainbow trout stocking moratorium on the Daphnia species composition and water quality of Square Lake (Minnesota)

Abstract Hembre, LK. 2019. Effects of a rainbow trout stocking moratorium on the Daphnia species composition and water quality of Square Lake (Minnesota). Lake Reserv Manage. 35:127–139. Square Lake is among the clearest lakes in the Minneapolis–St. Paul (Minnesota) metropolitan area, but its water clarity has decreased over the past several decades despite levels of total phosphorus (TP) remaining relatively stable. Predation by zooplanktivorous rainbow trout annually stocked since the early 1980s was hypothesized to be the cause for this eutrophication trend. To evaluate this hypothesis, a 3-year moratorium on trout stocking was imposed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MNDNR) and water quality and zooplankton monitoring data from 2 years prior to the moratorium (2010 and 2012) were compared to data from the 3 moratorium years (2013–2015). Significant changes observed during the moratorium years that support the hypothesis include (1) an increase in biomass concentrations of the large-bodied Daphnia pulicaria, (2) a coincident decrease in biomass concentrations of the smaller bodied D. mendotae, and (3) more pronounced spring clear-water phases when D. pulicaria reached peak densities. In addition, the volume of hypoxic water (dissolved oxygen [DO] < 1 mg/L) that developed in deep water was less in moratorium years compared to the premoratorium years. Unexpectedly, surface water TP concentrations were significantly lower during the moratorium years than in premoratorium years. Greater sequestration of P in the biomass of Daphnia during the moratorium years is the likely cause for the decrease in surface water TP levels in those years. Natural resource managers from the MNDNR have extended the moratorium and are using the conclusions from this study to determine the future fisheries management plan for Square Lake.