Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reconfigurable Spintronics Wheatstone Bridge Sensors With Offset Voltage Compensation at Wafer Level

Industrial requirements are continuously pushing the sensor limits toward higher signal-to-noise ratio under harsh environments, without compromising production costs by additional electronics. Non-full resistive Wheatstone bridge architectures arise as a compact and cheaper alternative to full-bridge measurement schemes, despite a lower output, linearity, and immunity to thermal drifts promoted by the replacement of the out-of-phase sensing elements by passive elements. However, the combination of state-of-the-art magnetoresistive (MR) sensors with thermally compatible materials used as tunable thin-film resistor at wafer level can lead to competitive prototypes for applications with high constraints. Therefore, the resistivity and the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of Cr, Ti, and TiW thin films were evaluated as potential candidates for a thermal and electrical stable non-full MR bridge. Within a TCR around 1059 ± 12 ppm/°C for a spin-valve sensor lying between the values observed for a Ti thickness range of 300 Å up to 500 Å (571.9 ± 8.3 and 1347 ± 69 ppm/°C, respectively), a sin/cos magnetic encoder was prototyped in a non-full-bridge architecture with a thermal offset drift of 51.48 ± 0.25 nV/Vcc/°C and an offset voltage of 16 mV/Vcc.
Assessment of Deep Learning Models for Cutaneous Leishmania Parasite Diagnosis Using Microscopic Images

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a common illness that causes skin lesions, principally ulcerations, on exposed regions of the body. Although neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are typically found in tropical areas, they have recently become more common along Africa’s northern coast, particularly in Libya. The devastation of healthcare infrastructure during the 2011 war and the following conflicts, as well as governmental apathy, may be causal factors associated with this catastrophic event. The main objective of this study is to evaluate alternative diagnostic strategies for recognizing amastigotes of cutaneous leishmaniasis parasites at various stages using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The research is additionally aimed at testing different classification models employing a dataset of ultra-thin skin smear images of Leishmania parasite-infected people with cutaneous leishmaniasis. The pre-trained deep learning models including EfficientNetB0, DenseNet201, ResNet101, MobileNetv2, and Xception are used for the cutaneous leishmania parasite diagnosis task. To assess the models’ effectiveness, we employed a five-fold cross-validation approach to guarantee the consistency of the models’ outputs when applied to different portions of the full dataset. Following a thorough assessment and contrast of the various models, DenseNet-201 proved to be the most suitable choice. It attained a mean accuracy of 0.9914 along with outstanding results for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, F1-score, Matthew’s correlation coefficient, and Cohen’s Kappa coefficient. The DenseNet-201 model surpassed the other models based on a comprehensive evaluation of these key classification performance metrics.
Dependence of shear wave seismoelectrics on soil textures: a numerical study in the vadose zone

F.I. Zyserman,1 L.B. Monachesi2 and L. Jouniaux3 1Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofı́sicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata y CONICET, Paseo del Bosque s/n, B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina. E-mail: zyserman@fcaglp.unlp. edu.ar 2Instituto de Investigación en Paleobiologı́a y Geologı́a, Universidad Nacional de Rı́o Negro y CONICET, Av. Roca 1242, Gral. Roca, Rı́o Negro, Argentina 3Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, EOST, UdS-CNRS UMR 7516, Université de Strasbourg, 5 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
Fusion of Deep Features from 2D-DOST of fNIRS Signals for Subject-Independent Classification of Motor Execution Tasks

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a low-cost and noninvasive method to measure the hemodynamic responses of cortical brain activities and has received great attention in brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. In this paper, we present a method based on deep learning and the time-frequency map (TFM) of fNIRS signals to classify the three motor execution tasks including right-hand tapping, left-hand tapping, and foot tapping. To simultaneously obtain the TFM and consider the correlation among channels, we propose to utilize the two-dimensional discrete orthonormal Stockwell transform (2D-DOST). The TFMs for oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO), reduced hemoglobin (HbR), and two linear combinations of them are obtained and then we propose three fusion schemes for combining their deep information extracted by the convolutional neural network (CNN). Two CNNs, LeNet and MobileNet, are considered and their structures are modified to maximize the accuracy. Due to the lack of enough signals for training CNNs, data augmentation based on the Wasserstein generative adversarial network (WGAN) is performed. Several simulations are performed to assess the performance of the proposed method in three-class and binary scenarios. The results present the efficiency of the proposed method in different scenarios. Also, the proposed method outperforms the recently introduced methods.
Thematic validation of high-resolution Global Land-Cover Data sets

This paper describes a procedure to validate the thematic accuracy of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, Data and Information System (IGBP-DIS) DISCover (Version 1.0) 1-Kilometer Global Land-Cover Data Set. Issues of data set sampling design, image geometry and registration and core sample interpretation procedures are addressed. Landsat Thematic Mapper and SPOT satellite image data were used to verify 379 primary core samples selected from DISCover 1.0 using a stratified random sampling procedure. The goal was to verify a minimum of 25 samples per DISCover class, this was accomplished for 13 of the 15 verified classes. Three regional Expert Image Interpreters independently verified each sample, and a majority decision rule was used to determine sample accuracy. For the 15 DISCover classes validated. the average class accuracy was 59.4 percent with accuracies for the 15 verified DISCover classes ranging between 40.0 percent and 100 percent. The overall area-weighted accuracy of the data set was determined to be 66.9 percent. When only samples which had a majority interpretation for errors as well as for correct classification were considered, the average class accuracy of the data set was calculated to be 73.5 percent.
Hexavalent chromium bioreduction by chromium-resistant sporulating bacteria isolated from tannery effluent

The main polluting source of heavy metal contamination of water is the leather tanning industry, which uses chrome powder and discharges it into the nearby ecosystem. In this investigation, chromium-resistant bacterial strains were isolated and characterized from tannery effluent. Based on morphological and biochemical characterization, the predominant sporulating Bacillus sp. was isolated and identified as Bacillus subtilis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Chromium degradation by the bacterial strain was evaluated using the flask culture method at three different concentrations (300, 600, and 900 µg/ml) of Cr (VI), and the reduction potential of the isolated bacterium was analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. A maximum reduction of approximately 78% was found at 24 hrs of incubation at pH 7 and at a constant temperature of 30°C. More than 50% of the Cr(VI) was decreased in 24 hours when the Cr(VI) concentration varied from 300 to 900 g/ml. FTIR analysis showed the involvement of hydroxyl and amine groups in chromium adsorption. As an outcome, this strain could be a promising bioagent for the environmentally friendly elimination of toxic Cr(VI) from polluted environments.
Optimized DOX Drug Deliveries via Chitosan-Mediated Nanoparticles and Stimuli Responses in Cancer Chemotherapy: A Review

Chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) serve as useful multidrug delivery carriers in cancer chemotherapy. Chitosan has considerable potential in drug delivery systems (DDSs) for targeting tumor cells. Doxorubicin (DOX) has limited application due to its resistance and lack of specificity. Chitosan NPs have been used for DOX delivery because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, drug encapsulation efficiency, and target specificity. In this review, various types of chitosan derivatives are discussed in DDSs to enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatments. Modified chitosan–DOX NP drug deliveries with other compounds also increase the penetration and efficiency of DOX against tumor cells. We also highlight the endogenous stimuli (pH, redox, enzyme) and exogenous stimuli (light, magnetic, ultrasound), and their positive effect on DOX drug delivery via chitosan NPs. Our study sheds light on the importance of chitosan NPs for DOX drug delivery in cancer treatment and may inspire the development of more effective approaches for cancer chemotherapy.
DEVELOPMENT OF SIGNIFICANT CONVECTION FORECAST PRODUCT AND SERVICE FOR AIR TRAFFIC FLOW MANAGEMENT IN HONG KONG

In the Asian region, the development of organized significant convection is usually associated with frontal systems in spring, monsoon trough and tropical cyclones in summer. Significant air traffic disruption will occur when significant convection affects key Air Traffic Control (ATC) areas such as major holding areas for arrival flights to the east and south of Hong Kong as well as the boundary zones over the northern and southern parts of the HKFIR where flight level selection is required for in-bound and out-bound flights in severe weather situations. The Hong Kong Flight Information Region (HKFIR) spans over the northern part of the South China Sea. With increasing air traffic in the region, close coordination between ATC flow control units of adjacent FIRs is inevitable. To better plan and manage the air traffic flow within the FIR, appropriate flow control measures need to be taken by the responsible ATC with a view to reducing flight delays and diversions, maximizing capacity and optimizing the flow of air traffic within the FIR.
Visitor Attractions and Events: Locations and linkages

Both visitor attractions and events play pivotal roles in the appeal of tourism destination regions to visitors by virtue of being the main motivator of tourist trips and determining consumers' choices. However, more recently visitor attractions have become more multifaceted, have proliferated and fragmented in terms of form, location, scale and style, and their role is undergoing major changes in a post-modern world as a result of consumer demands and competitive innovations. Visitor Attractions and Events for the first time theoretically and empirically explores the relations between events and attractions to offer new thinking of the role of space and place in shaping development, management practices and strategies in the sector as well as future implications. The book reveals how location is pivotal in the development, planning, and management of visitor attractions and events. Whereas the location of natural attractions is relatively fixed in space and their locations cannot be predetermined or relocated, human-made or contrived attractions are more influenced by the planning process in the context of the locational decision-making process. Competition and cooperation between visitor attractions and the aspects which shape these relations, including complementarities, compatibility, knowledge spill overs and diffusion of innovations, product similarities and spatial proximity remain largely ignored in the visitor attraction sector and thus are major elements in the focus of this book. Comparative examples ranging from small to major attractions in a wide variety of locations are included. This significant volume will appeal widely to all those interested in the visitor sector, such as tourism, events, leisure studies, destination management and sociology.
Different Transcriptome Features of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Non-Emphysematous Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Non-emphysematous chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is defined based on chest computed tomography findings, presented different transcriptome features of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) compared with emphysematous COPD. Enrichment analysis of transcriptomic data in COPD demonstrated that the “Hematopoietic cell lineage” pathway in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis was highly upregulated, suggesting that cellular dynamic dysregulation in COPD lungs is affected by pathologically modified PBMCs. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upregulated in PBMCs reflected the disease state of non-emphysematous COPD. Upregulated DEGs such as XCL1, PRKCZ, TMEM102, CD200R1, and AQP1 activate T lymphocytes and eosinophils. Upregulating keratan sulfate biosynthesis and metabolic processes is associated with protection against the destruction of the distal airways. ITGA3 upregulation augments interactions with extracellular matrix proteins, and COL6A1 augments the profibrotic mast cell phenotype during alveolar collagen VI deposition. Upregulating HSPG2, PDGFRB, and PAK4 contributes to the thickening of the airway wall, and upregulating SERPINF1 expression explains the better-preserved vascular bed. Therefore, gene expression and pathway analysis in PBMCs in patients with non-emphysematous COPD represented type 2 immune responses and airway remodeling features. Therefore, these patients have asthmatic potential despite no clinical signs of asthma, in contrast to those with emphysematous COPD.
Analysing the variability and trends of precipitation extremes in Finland and their connection to atmospheric circulation patterns

Ten precipitation indices recommended by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices were used to analyse spatial distribution and temporal changes in annual amount, intensity, frequency and duration of precipitation statistics based on daily data with a focus on extremes in Finland during 1961–2011. Also, the connections between these high resolution (10 km) precipitation indices and six influential atmospheric circulation patterns (ACPs) for climate variability in Finland were studied. On the country scale, the results suggest significant increases in the amount and intensity of precipitation extremes, more precipitation days, and no clear changes in wet and dry spells. Both intensity and frequency of precipitation extremes over Finland decrease from south and southwest to north. The only exception is the distribution of precipitations days which is generally more frequent over eastern and upper areas of northern Finland. Wet (dry) spells were typically longer in the western (eastern) part of Finland. Significant increases in annual total wet‐day precipitation, very wet days precipitation and simple daily intensity index were found over most parts of Finland during 1961–2011. Increasing trends in both extremely wet days and maximum 1‐day precipitation were mostly observed in western, eastern, central and northern Finland. Such spatial pattern was also identified for significant increases in the frequency of heavy and very heavy precipitation days. The precipitation days increased over small parts of western, eastern and northern Finland. Wet spells showed lengthening trends in several grids over southwestern Finland, while dry spells lengthened in some areas over the entire country except southern parts. These variations in precipitation statistics were found to be significantly correlated with the East Atlantic/West Russia, East Atlantic, Scandinavia and Polar patterns.
Interest of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Towards Specialised Training in Facial Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery in India - An Evaluative Study

Abstract Introduction: The Dental Council of India has included facial plastic surgery in the scope of practice of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (OMFSs) in India. However, the knowledge and interests of these specialists towards facial plastic surgery are unexplored. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study consisting of a structured questionnaire tool with six domains and 46 questions was circulated amongst registered OMFSs in India. The study consisted of 950 participants. The data obtained from this questionnaire were coded and entered into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and a descriptive analysis was conducted. Results: The study yielded that only 33% of the participants were completely aware of facial fillers and 30.5% were aware of Botox procedure. However, there was complete awareness of blepharoplasty in 42%, cheiloplasty/palatoplasty in 65.8%, laser facial resurfacing in 23.7% and facial rejuvenation in 23.5% of the participants. Discussion: It was found that a high number of OMFSs felt that their exposure to plastic surgery during their post-graduation years was not sufficient.
Managing Internet access: Acceptable Use Policies and filtering

Whilst the benefits and opportunities the Internet has to offer are becoming widely recognised and appreciated, the Internet is not without its problems, particularly in the context of use in the public library. Introducing the Internet marks a shift in the function of the public library from that of offering unrestricted access to a limited amount of pre-selected resources, to having to provide some form of controlled access to unlimited amounts of unselected resources. Libraries then have to strike a balance between assisting the public in accessing relevant, quality resources available on the Internet and preventing access to the illegal or objectionable materials, especially by children, without straying into the realms of censorship. The two main complimentary tools a library has to help it manage access to the Internet are an Acceptable Use Policy and filtering software. This paper looks at how a policy for acceptable public use of the Internet in the library can be developed, the issues affecting policy development and implementation, how filtering software works and a discussion of its effectiveness.
Shocking Link of Rapid Rise in Pre-Cancer among the Healthy Adults in Pharmaceutical Institution Pune University India Living With Low Oxygen and Poor Sanitation Environment: Affordable Treatment Rate Three-Times Over

It is a terrifying truth about cancer. But something it has known deep down all along. People who seem perfectly healthy get cancer. All the time it has nothing to do with smoking or excessive drinking or even a lack of exercise. It has out to lunch with friends the next? Sitting in a doctor’s office hearing the words no one wants to hear “You have cancer”. The warning signs were there it just did not know it Irritability, fatigue, fading memory, constipation, bad breath, allergies. But these are not stand-alone conditions and they are not just a nuisance. They could be pre-launch-cancer symptoms. Researcher suggests that a common, but little-known, bug one that most doctors write off as a minor annoyance could be the real culprit behind skyrocketing cancer rates. And could be the reason every day, healthy people are getting cancer. Cancer has no coincidence it might even be more. So it does not matter if man or a woman it is called candida a type of yeast that lurks in intestinal tract. But it could be doing way more damage than ever thought possible. A recent review study in Critical Reviews in Microbiology admits that it is capable of promoting cancer by several mechanisms. Pioneering theorized that cancer is “neither the result of a virus nor the consequence of an inherited gene defect”. His research identified candida as the real cause and that can be due to low uptake of oxygen. Now consider the fact that as many as 70% of Indians are infected with this secret cancer bomb, according to some estimates men, women, seniors, children and most have no idea. In a moment, Researcher shows a simple at-home test to find out if could be one of them. This is critical because most mainstream doctors never even think to look for candida. Even fewer will know it could be a cancer warning. Of course, if do find it has an overgrowth, and will want to take immediate steps before it launches a full-scale attack on health. That is why need to know about the surprising catalysts that cause this bug to multiply and spread. Researcher will discover what those triggers are in a minute. Do not be shocked when find out it has already doing at least two of these things. Most Indians are which could finally explain why cancer rates have skyrocketed in recent years especially low hygienic offices in India? And most important it will find out about the three safe and natural solutions that not only eradicate candida, but also destroy cancer cells as shown in human and in vitro studies easily and effectively. So it has been fighting the battle on both fronts because if think simply taking a probiotic is all need to do and will never get rid of it for good. But first, how this fungus could become an efficient cancer-making machine.
Force-Induced Alignment of Nanofibrillated Bacterial Cellulose for the Enhancement of Cellulose Composite Macrofibers

Bacterial cellulose, as an important renewable bioresource, exhibits excellent mechanical properties along with intrinsic biodegradability. It is expected to replace non-degradable plastics and reduce severe environmental pollution. In this study, using dry jet-wet spinning and stretching methods, we fabricate cellulose composite macrofibers using nanofibrillated bacterial cellulose (BCNFs) which were obtained by agitated fermentation. Ionic liquid (IL) was used as a solvent to perform wet spinning. In this process, force-induced alignment of BCNFs was applied to enhance the mechanical properties of the macrofibers. The results of scanning electron microscopy revealed the well-aligned structure of BCNF along the fiber axis. The fiber prepared with an extrusion rate of 30 m min−1 and a stretching ratio of 46% exhibited a strength of 174 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 13.7 GPa. In addition, we investigated the co-spinning of carboxymethyl cellulose-containing BCNF with chitosan using IL as a “container”, which indicated the compatibility of BCNFs with other polysaccharides. Recycling of the ionic liquid was also verified to validate the sustainability of our strategy. This study provides a scalable method to fabricate bacterial cellulose composite fibers, which can be applied in the textile or biomaterial industries with further functionalization.
Green Synthesis of Soluble Polysilsesquioxane with Phthalimide Groups

Soluble polysilsesquioxane containing side-chain phthalimide groups (PSQ-PhI) was synthesized via a solvent- and catalyst-free hydrolytic polycondensation reaction using 2-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione. The composition and structure of polysilsesquioxane was confirmed via 1H, 13C, and 29Si NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction analysis, and elemental analysis. The synthesized silsesquioxane showed a monomodal molecular weight distribution. The average molecular weight of polysilsesquioxane is 11,200 Da, and the polydispersity index is 1.10. 29Si NMR analysis showed a half-peak width w1/2 3.1 ppm at δ −68.3, which corresponds to the PhI(CH2)3SiO3/2 unit and indicates an ordered structure in the polymer, with some defects caused by the presence of uncondensed silanol groups. PSQ-PhI showed good thermal stability (Td5% decomposition at 345 °C). The polysilsesquioxane-based coating was transparent in the visible region.