Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Take it or Leave it: Decentralized Resource Allocation in Mobile Networks

Human activity patterns such as communication and cooperation rely in large parts on smartphone-based interaction. Day-to-day available communication means are taken for granted. But in scenarios where communication infrastructure is broken, such as in the aftermath of a disaster, communication establishment becomes crucial. In those post-disaster conditions ubiquitous mobile devices carried by humans can be used to establish basic ad-hoc communication services in order to aid first responders or to organize volunteers. However, these services rely heavily on the runtime of the utilized mobile devices and therefore network failure and communication capability show a strong dependency on the lifetime of mobile devices. In this paper, the potentials of decentralized resource allocation strategies in mobile networks, with harsh post-disaster conditions, are examined. Considering energy resources to prolong functioning of basic post disaster communication services, different resource allocation strategies are proposed. Through an extensive simulation study we show that (i) the proposed strategies for resource allocation lead to significant improvement of the lifetime of the mobile devices (up to 7.8%) and (ii) the time in which a stable service quality (w.r.t. to the received messages) is provided can be extended by 80% compared to the baseline.
Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for people with early-stage Alzheimer's disease: A review

Memory difficulties are a defining feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with significant implications for people with AD and family members. Interventions aimed at helping with memory difficulties, therefore, may be important in reducing excess disability and improving well-being. There is a long tradition of cognition-focused intervention in dementia care. In this review we offer broad definitions and descriptions of three approaches to cognition-focused intervention for people with dementia—cognitive stimulation, cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation—and attempt to clarify the underlying concepts and assumptions associated with each. Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation are the main approaches used with people who have early-stage AD. We review a range of studies describing the implementation of these two approaches, and evaluate the evidence for their effectiveness. With regard to cognitive training, the evidence currently available does not provide a strong demonstration of efficacy, but findings must be viewed with caution due to methodological limitations. It is not possible at present to draw firm conclusions about the efficacy of individualised cognitive rehabilitation interventions for people with early-stage dementia, due to the lack of any randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in this area, although indications from single-case designs and small group studies are cautiously positive. Further research is required that takes account of the conceptual and methodological issues outlined here.
A Relaxation Oscillator-Based Transformer Ratio Arm Bridge Circuit for Capacitive Humidity Sensor

A simple signal conditioning circuit using a transformer ratio arm (TRA) bridge for converting capacitance change into frequency for capacitive sensors is presented. The circuit employs a relaxation oscillator in which the output frequency is linearly related to the capacitive unbalance of a TRA bridge. The design, analysis, and experimental results of the circuit and its application to a thin-film-based humidity sensor are reported. The experimental results confirm the theoretical value predicted. The circuit which offers the minimum parasitic earth capacitance effect has the potential for accurately monitoring measurement parameters, particularly ppm-level humidity. The simulation results for the effect of parasitic earth capacitances and ambient temperature on the output frequency have also been discussed. The pulse wave output of the circuit is interfaced with microcontroller for direct moisture display in ppm. The frequency sensitivity and nonlinearity of the sensor for the 0-110-ppm moisture range are found to be 10.94 Hz/ppm and 1.2%, respectively.
A COMPARISON OF IN VIVO AND IN VITRO TESTS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY OF EIGHT COMPOUNDS

The use of cultured cells as a means of assaying compounds for their antineoplastic activity has been employed in a number of studies (Willmer 1939, Cameron 1944, Cornman 1944, 1947 and 1950-1931, Pomerat 1945, Norris 1948, Ormsbee 1949, and Gunz 1950). In accordance with the general application of the screening of compounds, other investigators, Stock 1951, Antikajian 1951, Schrek 1953 and, notably, Biesele in 1951 and in three publications in 1951". h * c , have tested a significant number of substances on colonies of normal and tumor animal cells cultured iiz viiro. The tissue culture studies of Ormsbee (1949) with podophylin, Stock (1951) with folk acid, and Biesele (1952') with 2-azaadenine, revealed a greater toxicity of these substances for tumor cells than for normal cells. Subsequent iiz vizro tests of these materials, however, did not substantiate these tissueculture conclusions of selectivity or effectiveness. The identification by Cameron (1944) of heptanal sodium bisulfite as exerting a selective toxicity on human mammary tumor cells was substantiated fairly well by Strong (19381 on a spontaneous mammary tumor in mice. In general, it may be said that the relatively few comparisons of activity of substances against tumors in animals and tissue culture have shown but little correlation. At a session of the Second National Cancer Conference held in March 1952, Doctors C. C. Stock of the Sloan Kettering Institute and Alfred Gellhorn of the Francis nelafield Hospital both emphasized the lack of correlation between the observed effects of compounds on animal tumors and on human tumors. As an alternative, they proposed either the use of human patients or possibly tissue culture as a means of screening antineoplastic compounds. The hesitancy with which they proposed the use of tissue culture is understandable in view of the previous poor correlation noted in using animal tumors and tissue culture, and because the tissue culture technique admittedly imposes an artificial environmental condition on the cells. On the other hand cancer can be considered as, fundamentally, a cellular problem. This being the case, we felt that we possessed presumptive incentive for experimenting once again with this technique. The possible advantages that could accrue from the establishment of the validity of tissue culture as a screening technique have been frequently catalogued. Of these advantages however, a most appealing one is the possibility of screening antitumor substances against cultures of human tumor cells. Of fundamental importance in the use of this technique, however, is the validity of such a method. It seemed to us that a reasonable approach to a substantiation or disproof of the validity of using cultures would be to compare the effect that certain
Comparison of Optical Low-Coherence Reflectometry and Ultrasound Pachymetry in Measuring Corneal Graft Thickness

Purpose: To compare optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR) and ultrasound pachymetry in measuring corneal graft thickness in patients after keratoplasty. Methods: We retrospectively measured the central graft thickness in 41 eyes of 41 patients with the OLCR pachymeter (Haag Streit, Koeniz, Switzerland) and the SP-2000 contact ultrasound pachymeter (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan). Five separate measurements were performed on each eye with both methods. Mean, SD, repeatability, and coefficient of variation of measurements were calculated, and the correlation between the 2 methods was studied with Spearman regression. Results: Mean central graft thickness was 546 ± 51 (SD) μm with the contact ultrasound pachymeter and 546 ± 47 μm with the OLCR pachymeter. The correlation between both methods was strong (rs = 0.96). No significant differences in mean SD of measurements were observed between OLCR pachymetry (mean SD = 4.66 μm) and contact ultrasound pachymetry (mean SD = 4.88 μm). The repeatability of both methods was comparable (P = 0.06) and high (the average coefficient of variation of the central corneal graft thickness was 0.9% with both pachymeters). The postoperative time did not affect the correlation between both pachymeters (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Central corneal graft thickness values obtained with the OLCR pachymeter were similar to those obtained with a contact ultrasound pachymeter. In some cases of lamellar keratoplasty, the corneal refractive index could change at the interface level that could affect OLCR measurements.
Target Curvature Based Automatic Fairing of Planar B-Spline Curves

A new automatic local fairing technique for planar B-spline curves is presented in this paper. According to the design intent, a target curvature plot, which is provided by the designer, is used to identify ‘bad’ points and ‘bad’ curve segments. Then, the corresponding control points are modified in a process of local constrained optimization where the importance of fairness in the sense of energy minimizing versus coherence to the original design can be adjusted by the designer. Experimental results are given to show the validity of this method.
The effect of amitriptyline on pain intensity and perception of stress in bruxers.

PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical pilot study was to evaluate the effect of a tricyclic antidepressant, amitriptyline, on pain-intensity level and level of stress in bruxers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a randomized, double-blind, crossover experimental design, 10 subjects received active (amitriptyline 25 mg/night) and inactive (placebo 25 mg/night) medication, over a period of 4 weeks. RESULTS The administration of amitriptyline for 4 weeks did not significantly (p >.05) reduce pain intensity. However, it significantly (p <.05) reduced the level of stress perception. CONCLUSION The results of this limited study do not support the administration of small doses of amitriptyline over a period of 4 weeks for the management of pain resulting from sleep bruxism. However, the results support the administration of small doses of amitriptyline for the management of the perception of stress levels associated with sleep bruxism.
Simple Conditioning versus the Dynamic Approach to Symptoms and Symptom Substitution: A Reply to Yates

A basic conceptual difference between two major approaches to psychotherapy, viz., the simple conditioning (18, 19, 20) and the psychoanalyticallyoriented or dynamic, is highlighted with respect to the problem of symptom removal and symptom substitution. Thus, those of the simple conditioning persuasion maintain that sympcoms can be treated direccly with various conditioning techniques, in contrast with the usual approach of dynamic psychotherapy, which is to treat the underlying difficulty. Yates' recent discussion of the problem (19) can be considered to be representative of the simple conditioning approach. The purpose of this paper is ro present the dynamic viewpoint on this problem and then attempt to clarify and resolve some of its significant issues, which were raised in Yaces' paper. A case history involving symptom removal will now be presented (17, pp. 419-421 )"in order to facilitate the discussion to follow. Wolberg treated a physician who was very agitated about his impending New York State Board examinations because he was unable to remember his medical studies. He was hypnotically regressed to his medical school days and was able to recall che material. Wolberg also gave him a post-hypnotic suggestion to the effect that during the examination he would recall as much as was necessary for him to remember. During a follow-up interview, the patient reporced that he had overslept the examination and felt very calm upon awakening. He told Wolberg that he could now go back to the Midwest to practice and marry the girl he had met while on his internship there. It turned ouc that his parents wanted him co practice in New York and because he felt obligated to them for putting him through medical school, he was going to give up his plan to settle in his girl's home town. Wolberg interpreted the parient's problem as being a conflict between passing his Boards and practicing in New York vs. failing them and marrying his Midwestern girl friend. His thinking block was a symptom aimed at failing his boards and thereby returning to his girl friend; this motive was ap-
Identification With Video Game Characters as Automatic Shift of Self-Perceptions

Two experiments tested the prediction that video game players identify with the character or role they are assigned, which leads to automatic shifts in implicit self-perceptions. Video game identification, thus, is considered as a kind of altered self-experience. In Study 1 (N = 61), participants either played a first-person shooter game or a racing game. Subsequently, they performed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) designed to detect cognitive associations between character-related concepts and players' self. Findings indicate a stronger automatic association of military-related concepts to shooter players' self and a stronger association of racing-related concepts to racing game players' self. Study 2 (N = 48) replicated the IAT result from Study 1 and demonstrated the stability of the identification pattern. Implications for identification as an element of the video game experience and future research directions are discussed.
Malaysia: Turnover Without Change

Malaysia's Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi has replaced Mahathir Mohamad, who ruled the country in an increasingly authoritarian manner from 1981 until 2003. Abdullah has a reputation as a reformer who is personally incorruptible, and midway through his first term in office, Malaysian civil and political liberties have improved marginally. However, the regime's grip on power remains as strong as ever, and the lack of institutional change means that the regime will likely meet any serious challenge to its authority with the heavy-handed tactics characteristic of previous governments.
COLLEGE STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD ELDERLY PERSONS

College students’ attitudes toward elderly persons were ascertained using a convenience sample of 420. Instrumentation consisted of a 20‐item semantic differential scale developed by Sanders, Montgomery, Pittman, and Balkwell (1984). Using the semantic differential format, the respondents evaluated elderly persons in three target age groups, separated by gender. The research questions in this study were as follows: (a) What are college students’ attitudes toward a target population of male and female elderly categorized as the young old (65‐74), the old old (75‐99), and centenarians (100+)? (b)Are there differences in attitudes based on gender, size of home community, or experience with older persons? Repeated measures analysis of variance were conducted to assess whether there were differences in attitudes toward the three age categories of elderly targets. Results indicated that significant gender differences existed. Male respondents viewed female elderly targets in all age groups significantly more ne.
Concatenated Decision Paths Classification for Datasets with Small Number of Class Labels

In recent years, the amount of collected information has rapidly increased, that has led to an increasing interest to time series data mining and in particular to the classification of these data. Traditional methods for classification are based mostly on distance measures between the time series and 1-NN classification. Recent development of classification methods based on time series shapeletspropose using small subsections of the entire time series, which appears to be most representative for certain classes. In addition, the shapelets-based classification method produces higher accuracies on some datasets because the global features are more sensitive to noise than the local ones. Despite its advantages the shapelets methods has an apparent disadvantageslow training time. Varieties of algorithms were proposed to tackle this problem, one of which is the concatenated decision paths (CDP) algorithm. This algorithm as initially proposed works only with datasets with a number of class indexes higher than five. In this paper, we investigate the possibility to use CDP for datasets with less than five classes. We also introduce improvements that shorten the overall training time of the CDP method.
Feature Extraction Using Recursive Cluster-Based Linear Discriminant With Application to Face Recognition

A novel recursive procedure for extracting discriminant features, termed recursive cluster-based linear discriminant (RCLD), is proposed in this paper. Compared to the traditional Fisher linear discriminant (FLD) and its variations, RCLD has a number of advantages. First of all, it relaxes the constraint on the total number of features that can be extracted. Second, it fully exploits all information available for discrimination. In addition, RCLD is able to cope with multimodal distributions, which overcomes an inherent problem of conventional FLDs, which assumes uni-modal class distributions. Extensive experiments have been carried out on various types of face recognition problems for Yale, Olivetti Research Laboratory, and JAFFE databases to evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with other feature extraction methods. The resulting improvement of performances by the new feature extraction scheme is significant
Apaf1 plays a pro-survival role by regulating centrosome morphology and function

The apoptotic protease activating factor 1 (Apaf1) is the main component of the apoptosome, and a crucial factor in the mitochondria-dependent death pathway. Here we show that Apaf1 plays a role in regulating centrosome maturation. By analyzing Apaf1-depleted cells, we have found that Apaf1 loss induces centrosome defects that impair centrosomal microtubule nucleation and cytoskeleton organization. This, in turn, affects several cellular processes such as mitotic spindle formation, cell migration and mitochondrial network regulation. As a consequence, Apaf1-depleted cells are more fragile and have a lower threshold to stress than wild-type cells. In fact, we found that they exhibit low Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL expression and, under apoptotic treatment, rapidly release cytochrome c. We also show that Apaf1 acts by regulating the recruitment of HCA66, with which it interacts, to the centrosome. This function of Apaf1 is carried out during the cell life and is not related to its apoptotic role. Therefore, Apaf1 might also be considered a pro-survival molecule, whose absence impairs cell performance and causes a higher responsiveness to stressful conditions.
Directional Questions Direct Self-Conceptions

Abstract Several studies indicate that directional questions influence self-conceptions. For example, subjects asked "are you happy with your social life? " rated themselves as happier than did subjects asked "are you unhappy with your social life? ". This occurs because subjects use a positive-test strategy to test directional hypotheses about themselves: Subjects were more likely to search their memories for examples of the hypothesized characteristic than for examples of its opposite. The resulting biased set of memories biased subjects′ working self-conceptions. This effect depends on the variability of the relevant self-knowledge. Directional questions biased self-conceptions only when the self-knowledge was inconsistent enough to permit support for opposing hypotheses. When we examined relatively consistent domains of the self, or relatively consistent individuals, neither the content of recruited memories nor self-conceptions were biased by directional questions.
Incentive-based Approaches to Sustainable Fisheries

The failures of traditional target-species management have led many to propose an ecosystem approach to fisheries to promote sustainability. The ecosystem approach is necessary, especially to account for fisheryecosystem interactions, but by itself is not sufficient to address two important factors contributing to unsustainable fisheries: inappropriate incentives bearing on fishers and the ineffective governance that frequently exists in commercial, developed fisheries managed primarily by total-harvest limits and input controls. We contend that much greater emphasis must be placed on fisher motivation when managing fisheries. Using evidence from more than a dozen natural experiments in commercial fisheries, we argue that incentive-based approaches that better specify community and individual harvest or territorial rights and price ecosystem services and that are coupled with public research, monitoring, and effective oversight promote sustainable fisheries.
Feedback increases neither the fading number nor the pre-log

The feedback capacity of a single-input single-output fading channel with memory is investigated. It is shown that, asymptotically, as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) tends to infinity, noiseless feedback does not increase capacity. More specifically, for finite-energy stationary and ergodic fading processes that are regular (i.e., that have a finite differential entropy rate), feedback does not increase the fading number; and, for Gaussian fading processes that are non-regular, feedback does not increase the pre-log.
Noninvasive monitoring of photodynamic therapy on skin neoplastic lesions using the optical attenuation coefficient measured by optical coherence tomography

Abstract. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become a promising alternative for treatment of skin lesions such as squamous cell carcinoma. We propose a method to monitor the effects of PDT in a noninvasive way by using the optical attenuation coefficient (OAC) calculated from optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. We conducted a study on mice with chemically induced neoplastic lesions and performed PDT on these lesions using homemade photosensitizers. The response of neoplastic lesions to therapy was monitored using, at the same time, macroscopic clinical visualization, histopathological analysis, OCT imaging, and OCT-based attenuation coefficient measurement. Results with all four modalities demonstrated a positive response to treatment. The attenuation coefficient was found to be 1.4 higher in skin lesions than in healthy tissue and it decreased after therapy. This study shows that the OAC is a potential tool to noninvasively assess the evolution of skin neoplastic lesions with time after treatment.
An update on the pharmacological management of adenomyosis

Introduction: Adenomyosis, characterized by the infiltration of the myometrium by ectopic endometrial islets, is a common condition that causes dysmenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility. Different treatment options exist, including medical and surgical treatments. The most commonly used medications are NSAIDs, progestogens and GnRH agonists (GnRHas). Areas covered: We conducted a literature search for in vitro and animal studies, randomized and non-randomized studies, systematic reviews and ongoing trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. There are almost no well-conducted randomized controlled trials on the pharmacological treatment of adenomyosis and the information collected from published studies is insufficient. Several therapeutic targets have been identified through animal and in vitro studies, and it is hoped that they will lead to further clinical studies on new compounds and treatment targets in this heterogeneous disease. Expert opinion: Hysterectomy is very effective at treating women with symptomatic adenomyosis who have completed their wish of pregnancy. For women with a future desire of pregnancy medical treatments remain the best options. Progestogens and GnRHas are the most frequently used long-term treatments for abnormal uterine bleeding and pain symptoms. In assisted reproductive techniques long agonist stimulation protocols and pretreatment with GnRHas for differed embryo transfer seem to improve pregnancy rates.