Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microfluctuations of wavefront aberrations of the eye

To investigate fluctuations in the wavefront aberrations of the eye and their relation to pulse and respiration frequencies we used a wavefront sensor to measure the dynamics of the Zernike aberrations up to the polynomial fourth radial order. Simultaneously, the subject's pulse rate was measured, from which the instantaneous heart rate was derived. We used an auto‐regressive process to derive the power spectra of the Zernike aberration signals, as well as pulse and instantaneous heart rate signals. Linear regression analysis was performed between the frequency components of Zernike aberrations and the pulse and instantaneous heart rate frequencies. Cross‐spectrum density and coherence analyses were also applied to investigate the relation between fluctuations of wavefront aberrations, and pulse and instantaneous heart rate. The correlations between fluctuations of individual Zernike aberrations were also determined. A frequency component of all Zernike aberrations up to the fourth radial order was found to be significantly correlated with the pulse frequency (all R2 ≥ 0.51, p < 0.02), and a frequency component of nine out of 12 Zernike aberrations was also significantly correlated with instantaneous heart rate frequency (all R2 ≥ 0.46, p < 0.05). The major correlations among Zernike aberrations occurred between second‐order and fourth‐order aberrations with the same angular frequencies. Higher order aberrations appear to be related to the cardiopulmonary system in a similar way to that reported for the accommodation signal and pupil fluctuations.
The Influence of pH on the Electrophysiological Effects of Lidocaine in Guinea Pig Ventricular Myocardium

Lidocaine has been reported to be more depressant in ischemic than normal myocardium. To determine the influence of pH on the electrophysiological effects of lidocaine, we recorded trans-membrane potential and dV/dtmulfrom guinea pig papillary muscles mounted in a single sucrose gap. Recovery kinetics of dV/dtma, were studied by introducing progressively early premature responses during phase 4 at a drive rate of 0.5 Hz. In Krebs-Henseleit solution (HCO3− = 25 mM, CO2= 5%, pH 7.4), lidocaine (1.5 x 10−5M) did not significantly change action potential characteristics. The recovery time constant (T) of dV/dtmaxwas increased from 10 ± 4 (mean ± SD) to 91 ± 12 msec. In the presence of lidocaine, T increased from 91 ± 12 to 212 ± 5 msec when the extracellular pH (pHo) was lowered by increasing the [CO2] to 20% (HCO3− = 25 mM, pHo= 6.95). Similarly, when pHowas lowered by decreasing [HCO3−] (HCO3− = 7.5 mM, CO2= 5%, pHo= 6.95), T increased from 96 ± 11 to 185 ± 41 msec. However, if the [CO2] was increased to 20% while the pHowas maintained at 7.4 [HCO3− = 85], T was unchanged compared to a [CO2] of 5%. Drug-free solutions of pHo= 6.95 (CO2= 5% or 20%; HCOr = 7.5 or 25 mM) did not increase T. The increase in T with a decrease in pHowas greater than that predicted by a change in distribution of the drug across the membrane. These data are consistent with the view that local anesthetics bind to a receptor in the sodium channel thereby inactivating it. The process of recovery from inactivation during the resting state occurs by exit of uncharged drug through the membrane. The degree of protonation of receptor-bound drug is increased by extracellular acidosis. This decreases the proportion of drug that may leave the receptor via the membrane and hence causes a slowing of the recovery from inactivation. Circ Res 47: 542-550, 1980
Chicken or Egg? The reciprocal influence of press and politics

Do the media cover the considerations and actions of Congress with respect to the financial crisis, or do politicians follow the lead of the media? This paper shows how relevant information about the functioning of press and politics can be acquired using keyword search, VAR analysis and granger causality. Media lead Congress, but no influence is found for problem diagnosis and solutions. We conclude with a discussion on how more advanced NLP techniques can be used to answer remaining questions on political use of the media.
Robust Singer Identification in Polyphonic Music using Melody Enhancement and Uncertainty-based Learning

Enhancing specific parts of a polyphonic music signal is believed to be a promising way of breaking the glass ceiling that most Music Information Retrieval (MIR) systems are now facing. The use of signal enhancement as a pre-processing step has led to limited improvement though, because distortions inevitably remain in the enhanced signals that may propagate to the subsequent feature extraction and classification stages. Previous studies attempting to reduce the impact of these distortions have relied on the use of feature weighting or missing feature theory. Based on advances in the field of noise-robust speech recognition, we represent the uncertainty about the enhanced signals via a Gaussian distribution instead that is subsequently propagated to the features and to the classifier. We introduce new methods to estimate the uncertainty from the signal in a fully automatic manner and to learn the classifier directly from polyphonic data. We illustrate the results by considering the task of identifying, from a given set of singers, which one is singing at a given time in a given song. Experimental results demonstrate the relevance of our approach.
R&D and Subsidies at the Firm Level: An Application of Parametric and Semi-Parametric Two-Step Selection Models

This paper analyzes the effect of public R&D subsidies on firms' private R&D investment per employee and new product sales in German manufacturing. Parametric and semiparametric two-step selection models are applied to this evaluation problem. The results show that the average treatment effect on the treated firms' R&D intensity is positive. The estimated effects are robust with respect to the different selection models. Further results show that publicly induced R&D spending is as productive as private R&D investment in generating new product sales. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Health-related quality of life in elderly patients hospitalized with chronic heart failure

Background Chronic heart failure is a very common condition in the elderly, characterized not only by high mortality rates, but also by a strong impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Previous studies of HRQOL in elderly heart failure subjects have included mostly outpatients, and little is known about determinants of HRQOL in hospitalized elderly population, especially in Serbia. In this study, we tried to identify factors that influence HRQOL in elderly patients hospitalized with chronic heart failure in Serbia. Methods The study population consisted of 136 patients aged 65 years or older hospitalized for chronic heart failure. HRQOL was assessed using the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire. Predictors of HRQOL were identified by multiple linear regression analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed that patients with lower income, a longer history of chronic heart failure, and longer length of hospital stay, as well as those receiving aldosterone antagonists and digoxin, taking multiple medications, in a higher NYHA class, and showing signs of depression and cognitive impairment had significantly worse HRQOL. Presence of depressive symptoms (P<0.001), higher NYHA class (P=0.021), lower income (P=0.029), and longer duration of heart failure (P=0.049) were independent predictors of poor HRQOL. Conclusion Depressive symptoms, higher NYHA class, lower income, and longer duration of chronic heart failure are independent predictors of poor HRQOL in elderly patients hospitalized with chronic heart failure in Serbia. Further, there is an association between multiple medication usage and poor HRQOL, as well as a negative impact of cognitive impairment on HRQOL. Hence, measures should be implemented to identify such patients, especially those with depressive symptoms, and appropriate interventions undertaken in order to improve their HRQOL.
Coping and Choreography

In this paper, I study the choreographic process of Merce Cunningham in order to understand better how refined kinesthetic and proprioceptive responses come to constitute the expressive matter of dance. Employing first chance operations then a software program to generate unexpected sequences of movement, Cunningham strains the coping mechanisms of his dancers to the limit. His choreography requires dancers to become experts at adapting their own sensorimotor instrument to the situation at hand. When dancers are asked to imitate the movement sequences of a computer-generated avatar, their bodies can truly be said to be “co-constructed”; they evolve muscle memories and skills that correspond to the technology with which they interact.
Parent Involvement in Educational Decision-Making: A Hawaiian Perspective

This article describes the results of a qualitative case study involving the parents of three children of Hawaiian descent living in rural Hawaii. Parents shared their experiences of educational decision-making for their children with disabilities. Results revealed that parents responded to obstacles with a determination to advocate for themselves and their child. Parents defined involvement in educational decision-making as (a) talking with teachers, (b) helping in the classroom, and (c) searching for information regarding special education. They experienced a range of feelings, including fear, insecurity, frustration, intimidation, determination, satisfaction, and pride. Discrepancies between the home culture and school culture which seemed to contribute to discomfort on the part of the parents were (a) the context of the IEP meeting, (b) the skills and behaviors targeted for instruction, and (c) the lack of collaboration at IEP meetings. Implications for professionals working with parents of diverse cultures are discussed.
Revolutionizing the Social Work Curriculum

The social work literature provides ample evidence of the use of the systems paradigm and concepts. However, system ideas serve primarily as a sensitizing tool, suggesting important environmental factors but not describing precisely the links between them. Social work's failure to take the next logical step, to develop systems models, constrains practitioners’ understanding and ability to intervene. The authors describe system dynamics modeling and its benefits. Educating students in system dynamics modeling can improve social work interventions in the complex situations faced by practitioners.
Ameloblastic fibroodontoma or complex odontoma: Two faces of the same coin

An ameloblastic fibroodontoma (AFO) is a rare odontogenic tumor of mixed dental tissue origin. It exhibits histological features of ameloblastic fibroma and complex odontoma. AFOs are usually found to be asymptomatic and are most often discovered on routine radiography. Sometimes their presence is suspected due to missing permanent dentition. We report a case of an 18-year-old female patient with missing mandibular molars on the left side associated with a giant complex odontoma. Treatment included surgical excision of the tumor followed by reconstruction with iliac crest graft. Histopathological study revealed it as an AFO, to our surprise.
Occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in Poultry Meat at Retail and Processing Plants’ Levels in Central Italy

Human campylobacteriosis remains the most commonly reported gastrointestinal disease in Europe and Campylobacter (C.) jejuni and C. coli are the two species most frequently involved in such foodborne disease. Based on the sampling plan established in the region of Lazio (Central Italy) the aim of our work was to investigate the occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat preparations collected by the local veterinary authority at retail shops and processing plants. We also observed whether various factors such as animal species or type of product affected the isolation rate. Occurrence was significantly lower than previous surveys (12/209, 5.7%) and chicken meat was more contaminated than turkey meat.
The Application and Extension of Jiangsu Agricultural Policy Analysis Model (JAPA)

A Jiangsu Agricultural Policy Analysis Model (JAPA model) is developed as a decision support tool for policy makers, and it can also be used for academic researchers to reveal the complex internal relationships among economic variables. The JAPA model combines an econometric model (LA/AIDS) with a programming model (Computable Partial Equilibrium Model). The objective of this model is to provide statistic indicators for the prediction of agricultural conditions, for agricultural policy evaluation and for agricultural policy simulation. This paper explains the methodological approach and demonstrates the application of the JAPA model.
Using Memetic Algorithm for Instance Coreference Resolution

Instance coreference resolution is an essential problem in studying semantic web, and it is also critical for the implementation of web of data and future integration and application of semantic data. In this paper, we propose to use Memetic Algorithm (MA) to solve this instance coreference problem in a sequential stage, i.e., the instance-level matching is carried out with the result of schema-level matching. We first give the optimization model for schema-level matching and instance-level matching. Then, we, respectively, present profile similarity measures and the rough evaluation metrics with the assumption that the golden alignment for both schema-level matching and instance-level matching is one-to-one. Furthermore, we give the details of the MA. Finally, the experiments of comparing our approach with the state-of-the-art systems on OAEI benchmarks and real-world datasets are conducted and the results demonstrate that our approach is effective.
Spitzer Space Telescope Observations of Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables: Possibilities for the Presence of Dust in Polars

We present Spitzer photometry of six short-period polars, EF Eri, V347 Pav, VV Pup, V834 Cen, GG Leo, and MR Ser. We have combined the Spitzer IRAC (3.6-8.0 μm) data with the 2MASS JHKs photometry to construct the SEDs of these systems from the near- to mid-IR (1.235-8 μm). We find that five out of the six polars have flux densities in the mid-IR that are substantially in excess of the values expected from the stellar components alone. We have modeled the observed SEDs with a combination of contributions from the white dwarf, secondary star, and either cyclotron emission or a cool, circumbinary dust disk to fill in the long-wavelength excess. We find that a circumbinary dust disk is the most likely cause of the 8 μm excess in all cases, but we have been unable to rule out the specific (but unlikely) case of completely optically thin cyclotron emission as the source of the observed 8 μm flux density. While both model components can generate enough flux at 8 μm, neither dust nor cyclotron emission alone can match the excess above the stellar components at all wavelengths. A model combining both cyclotron and dust contributions, possibly with some accretion-generated flux in the near-IR, is probably required, but our observed SEDs are not sufficiently well sampled to constrain such a complicated model. If the 8 μm flux density is caused by the presence of a circumbinary dust disk, then our estimates of the masses of these disks are many orders of magnitude below the mass required to affect CV evolution.
Zika and chikungunya: mosquito‐borne viruses in a changing world

The reemergence and growing burden of mosquito‐borne virus infections have incited public fear and growing research efforts to understand the mechanisms of infection‐associated health outcomes and to provide better approaches for mosquito vector control. While efforts to develop therapeutics, vaccines, and novel genetic mosquito‐control technologies are underway, many important underlying ecological questions remain that could significantly enhance our understanding and ability to predict and prevent transmission. Here, we review the current knowledge about the transmission ecology of two recent arbovirus invaders, the chikungunya and Zika viruses. We introduce the viruses and mosquito vectors, highlighting viral biology, historical routes of transmission, and viral mechanisms facilitating rapid global invasion. In addition, we review factors contributing to vector global invasiveness and transmission efficiency. We conclude with a discussion of how human‐induced biotic and abiotic environmental changes facilitate mosquito‐borne virus transmission, emphasizing critical gaps in understanding. These knowledge gaps are tremendous; much of our data on basic mosquito ecology in the field predate 1960, and the mosquitoes themselves, as well as the world they live in, have substantially changed. A concerted investment in understanding the basic ecology of these vectors, which serve as the main drivers of pathogen transmission in both wildlife and human populations, is now more important than ever.
Preschool understanding of emotions: contributions to classroom anger and aggression.

BACKGROUND We sought to identify patterns of social cognitive differences among preschoolers that were related to risk of stable aggressive behavior with peers. Following Lemerise and Arsenio (2000), we considered the emotional components of early social cognition, reasoning that young children's substrate of emotion knowledge serves them in decoding social encounters. METHOD One hundred and twenty-seven children from a longitudinal study from age 3 to 4 though to their kindergarten year were interviewed on their emotional knowledge initially using a puppet procedure and later with stories about mixed emotions and display rule. Each year their anger and antisocial responses to others' emotions were observed. Teachers also provided information on each child's anger and aggression. RESULTS Children's deficits in emotion knowledge assessed at age 3 and 4 predicted subsequent years' aggression. This effect was especially pronounced for boys. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of findings suggests that the processes implicated in Dodge's work with older children may begin earlier than previously thought, with a focus on emotions.
Nonlinear and Nonideal Sampling Revisited

We revisit the problem of recovering a continuous-time signal lying within a known shift-invariant subspace from nonlinear and nonideal samples. Recently, an iterative algorithm for perfect recovery of such signals was proposed. This method requires operations which are not linear time-invariant (LTI), rendering it impractical due to its polynomial dependency on the data length. We describe an alternative iterative algorithm for recovering the signal, which involves only LTI operations. In the revised method, each iteration is much faster and implementation is simpler. Furthermore, the overall running time of our approach depends linearly on the number of samples.
EELECTION at SemEval-2017 Task 10: Ensemble of nEural Learners for kEyphrase ClassificaTION

This paper describes our approach to the SemEval 2017 Task 10: Extracting Keyphrases and Relations from Scientific Publications, specifically to Subtask (B): Classification of identified keyphrases. We explored three different deep learning approaches: a character-level convolutional neural network (CNN), a stacked learner with an MLP meta-classifier, and an attention based Bi-LSTM. From these approaches, we created an ensemble of differently hyper-parameterized systems, achieving a micro-F_1-score of 0.63 on the test data. Our approach ranks 2nd (score of 1st placed system: 0.64) out of four according to this official score. However, we erroneously trained 2 out of 3 neural nets (the stacker and the CNN) on only roughly 15% of the full data, namely, the original development set. When trained on the full data (training+development), our ensemble has a micro-F_{1}-score of 0.69. Our code is available from https://github.com/UKPLab/semeval2017-scienceie.
Concentration and localization of zinc during seed development and germination in wheat

In a field experiment, the effect of foliar Zn applications on the concentration of Zn in seeds of a bread wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Balatilla) was studied during different stages of seed development. In addition, a staining method using dithizone (DTZ: diphenyl thiocarbazone) was applied to (1) study the localization of Zn in seeds, (2) follow the remobilization of Zn during germination, and (3) develop a rapid visual Zn screening method for seed and flour samples. In all seed development stages, foliar Zn treatments were effective in increasing seed Zn concentration. The highest Zn concentration in the seeds was found in the first stage of seed development (around the early milk stage); after this, seed Zn concentration gradually decreased until maturity. When reacting with Zn, DTZ forms a redcolored complex. The DTZ staining of seed samples revealed that Zn is predominantly located in the embryo and aleurone parts of the seeds. After 36 h of germination, the coleoptile and roots that emerged from seeds showed very intensive red color formation and had Zn concentrations up to 200 mg kg−1, indicating a substantial remobilization of Zn from seed pools into the developing roots (radicle) and coleoptile. The DTZ staining method seems to be useful in ranking flour samples for their Zn concentrations. There was a close relationship between the seed Zn concentrations and spectral absorbance of the methanol extracts of the flour samples stained with DTZ. The results suggest that (1) accumulation of Zn in seeds is particularly high during early seed development, (2) Zn is concentrated in the embryo and aleurone parts, and (3) the DTZ staining method can be used as a rapid, semiquantitative method to estimate Zn concentrations of flour and seed samples and to screen genotypes for their Zn concentrations in seeds.
Born to Be Creative and Critical Thinkers

An apparatus for demonstrating various phenomena associated with the earth's movement about the sun, having an upright fixedly attached to a base, at least one arm having two ends and being mounted on the upright in such a way as to be rotatable in a vertical plane, a crooked bearing housing for a spindle located near one of the ends, carrying a rotatable globe and constituting the axis of rotation thereof, all in such a way that, with respect to a line normal to the plane defined by the are, the axis of rotation of the globe is imparted a downward inclination of about 23.5 DEG . The apparatus further includes a light source unit attached to the arm at a point near the other end thereof and producing a light beam of a spatial extent sufficient to fully cover the globe, and drive means for causing the globe to rotate about its own axis, and for causing the arm to rotate in the vertical plane.
Simplicity: a key engineering concept for program understanding

One of the most significant problems for existing program comprehension methods is its scalability. We introduce a new technique to make the scalability possible. In particular, we advocate the concept of "simplicity" for program understanding. We first propose a simplified semantic network as domain knowledge representation; we then introduce a linear and domain-oriented program partitioning method which can partition a huge program into self-contained program modules so that the recovery of domain knowledge can be carried out within smaller program space. We also introduce a set of rules for recovering domain knowledge from C code followed by a theoretical analysis on these algorithms. A case study on programming style based program partitioning method is given. Finally, comparisons with other work are made and a conclusion is drawn.