Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coronary Artery Disease in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seropositive Population

The development of efficient combined antiretroviral therapies has lengthened the mean life span of the population affected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transforming this terminal infection to a chronic yet manageable disease. Nonetheless, patients with HIV—treatment naive or not—exhibit larger risks for coronary artery disease than the noninfected population. Moreover, coronary atherosclerosis/arteriosclerosis may be the most prevalent condition in the HIV-infected population that is being accentuated by the effects of viral agents and the antiretroviral drugs, especially protease inhibitors. Nonetheless, generalized metabolic dysfunctions and premature senescence are often attributed to the viremia caused by the HIV infection directly and primarily. Therefore, a multifactorial approach is to be considered when attempting to explain the strong correlation between HIV and coronary artery disease, including co-opportunistic viremias and vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency.
Experiences with OB1, An Optimal Bayes Decision Tree Learner

In machine learning, algorithms for inferring decision trees typically choose a single \best" tree to describe the training data, although recent research has shown that classi cation performance can be signi cantly improved by voting predictions of multiple, independently produced decision trees. This paper describes a new algorithm, OB1, that weights the predictions of any scheme capable of inferring probability distributions. We described an implementation, OB1, that includes all decision trees, as well as naive Bayesian models. Results indicate that OB1 is a very strong robust learner and makes plausible the claim that it successfully subsumes other techniques such as boosting and bagging that attempt to combine many models into a single prediction.
A Multi-Version Approach for Transferring Measure Annotations between Music Recordings

In this paper, we address the task of transferring measure annotations between different recordings (versions) of a musical composition. Such annotations are useful for analyzing, linking, and navigating in multi-version scenarios of classical music. Given a version with manually annotated time positions, such as the beginning of musical measures, we transfer these annotations to musically corresponding positions in another version using synchronization techniques. As one contribution, we investigate the transfer process by exploiting additional versions. In a large-scale music scenario dealing with Richard Wagner’s Der Ring des Nibelungen, we show that this multi-version analysis reveals musical passages that are problematic for synchronization. As another contribution, we introduce a late-fusion approach that improves the measure transfer when having several annotated versions.
MEMS devices and sensors in standard CMOS processing

Despite the usual approach of requiring a specific process and package for each MEMS device, it is possible to use standard CMOS plus a minimal post-processing, doable in any mainstream CMOS fab, to build many different types of MEMS devices and sensors. In addition to the ultra-low cost, high volume manufacturing capability, multiple sourcing and integration with other functions, this approach has the added benefits of smaller size and profile, improved performance and reduced time to market. These advantages come from the availability of many structural layers and several different materials in the process, which gives many additional degrees of freedom to the designer, enabling novel design concepts and new devices.
Review of Micro/Nanotechnologies for Microbial Biosensors

A microbial biosensor is an analytical device with a biologically integrated transducer that generates a measurable signal indicating the analyte concentration. This method is ideally suited for the analysis of extracellular chemicals and the environment, and for metabolic sensory regulation. Although microbial biosensors show promise for application in various detection fields, some limitations still remain such as poor selectivity, low sensitivity, and impractical portability. To overcome such limitations, microbial biosensors have been integrated with many recently developed micro/nanotechnologies and applied to a wide range of detection purposes. This review article discusses micro/nanotechnologies that have been integrated with microbial biosensors and summarizes recent advances and the applications achieved through such novel integration. Future perspectives on the combination of micro/nanotechnologies and microbial biosensors will be discussed, and the necessary developments and improvements will be strategically deliberated.
Hematoma Shape, Hematoma Size, Glasgow Coma Scale Score and ICH Score: Which Predicts the 30-Day Mortality Better for Intracerebral Hematoma?

Purpose To investigate the performance of hematoma shape, hematoma size, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score, and intracerebral hematoma (ICH) score in predicting the 30-day mortality for ICH patients. To examine the influence of the estimation error of hematoma size on the prediction of 30-day mortality. Materials and Methods This retrospective study, approved by a local institutional review board with written informed consent waived, recruited 106 patients diagnosed as ICH by non-enhanced computed tomography study. The hemorrhagic shape, hematoma size measured by computer-assisted volumetric analysis (CAVA) and estimated by ABC/2 formula, ICH score and GCS score was examined. The predicting performance of 30-day mortality of the aforementioned variables was evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, paired t test, nonparametric test, linear regression analysis, and binary logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristics curves were plotted and areas under curve (AUC) were calculated for 30-day mortality. A P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The overall 30-day mortality rate was 15.1% of ICH patients. The hematoma shape, hematoma size, ICH score, and GCS score all significantly predict the 30-day mortality for ICH patients, with an AUC of 0.692 (P = 0.0018), 0.715 (P = 0.0008) (by ABC/2) to 0.738 (P = 0.0002) (by CAVA), 0.877 (P<0.0001) (by ABC/2) to 0.882 (P<0.0001) (by CAVA), and 0.912 (P<0.0001), respectively. Conclusion Our study shows that hematoma shape, hematoma size, ICH scores and GCS score all significantly predict the 30-day mortality in an increasing order of AUC. The effect of overestimation of hematoma size by ABC/2 formula in predicting the 30-day mortality could be remedied by using ICH score.
Antisense to NPY-Y1 demonstrates that Y1 receptors in the hypothalamus underlie NPY hypothermia and feeding in rats

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a highly potent endogenous peptide which when injected into the medial hypothalamus causes spontaneous eating behaviour and an intense fall in body temperature (Tb). This study used antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) to determine whether the Y1 subtype of NPY receptor could underlie these remarkable physiological responses. In the unrestrained rat, the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) which is highly reactive to NPY was injected with antisense for NPY (aNPY), Y1 receptors (aNPY-Y1) and mismatched controls (mNPY; mNPY-Y1). After cannulae were implanted bilaterally in the brain of 19 rats, 0.4 or 0.8 μg per 0.8 μl of the phosphorothioate synthesised ODNs were delivered to the VMH of the rats at 12 h intervals over 2 d. Only the lower dose of aNPY-Y1, but not aNPY, evoked an intense phasic rise in the Tb, following each micro-injection. Simultaneously, 0.4 μg per 0.8 μl of aNPY-Y1, but not aNPY, suppressed feeding behaviour after a sequence of micro-injections and on the following day. Body weights and locomotor activity of the rats likewise declined concomitantly with the hyperthermia and hypophagia caused by the Y1 receptor antisense. Neither of the control ODNs for NPY or Y1 receptors injected similarly in the VMH of the rats exerted any effects on these measures. These results clearly provide convincing evidence that in the VMH the Y1 subtype of NPY receptor mediates, in part, the neuronal mechanisms responsible for spontaneous feeding and hypothermia produced by native NPY when applied directly to this structure. The concurrent decline in body weight and activity caused by aNPY-Y1 could be caused by the episodes of hyperthermia.
Knowledge Exchange and Terminology Interchange: The Role of Standards

Abstract The emergence of standards for storing and retrieving language resources, including terminology and lexicographical data, documents and text corpora, will benefit system developers and users of a range of language and knowledge engineering systems. The developers will be able to cope better with the vagaries of natural language since standardised entries in term databases, or structured documents in a text corpus, reduce the variations encountered in any language resource. The users will benefit because they will be able to take advantage of data produced from a greater number of data producers since standardisation filters out minor and arbitrary variations in which the data is stored which can confound many a current language engineering system. We are concerned with standards that specify markup for terms, words, and documents, and how data can be marked-up and decoded automatically. Much of the discussion is based on the results of the recently completed EU-sponsored project Standards-based Access to Lexicographical and Terminological multilingual resources (SALT - IST-1999-10951), and the recent deliberations within the International Organization for Standardization's Technical Committee 37 (TC37) on standards for terminology and other language resources, specifically ISO 12620 and ISO 16642.
A New Software Engineering

What happened to software engineering? What happened to the promise of rigorous, disciplined, professional practices for software development, like those observed in other engineering disciplines? What has been adopted under the rubric of "software engineering" is a set of practices largely adapted from other engineering disciplines: project management, design and blueprinting, process control, and so forth. The basic analogy was to treat software as a manufactured product, with all the real "engineering" going on upstream of that - in requirements analysis, design, modeling, etc.
Possible Role of Aurora-C in Meiosis

The meiotic generation of haploid gametes with equal contents of genetic material is important for sexual reproduction in mammals. Errors in the transmission of chromosomes during meiosis may lead to aneuploidy, which is the leading cause of miscarriage and congenital birth defects in humans. The Aurora kinases, which include Aurora-A, Aurora-B, and Aurora-C, are highly conserved serine–threonine kinases that play essential roles in centrosome function, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis during mitosis and meiosis. While Aurora-A and Aurora-B have been extensively studied in mitosis, the role of Aurora-C in meiosis is only now starting to be revealed. For example, the perturbation of Aurora-C kinase activity by microinjection of Aurora-C-kinase-dead mutant mRNAs into mouse oocytes induced multiple defects, including chromosome misalignment, abnormal kinetochore–microtubule attachment, premature chromosome segregation, and failure of cytokinesis during meiotic division. However, the analysis of such defects is complicated by the possibility that Aurora-B may be present in mammalian germ cells. Interestingly, a homozygous mutation of Aurora-C in humans leads to the production of large-headed polyploid spermatozoa and causes male infertility, but homozygous females are fertile. Mouse studies regarding the roles of Aurora-B and Aurora-C in female meiotic divisions have yielded inconsistent results, and it has proven difficult to explain why homozygous human females have no significant clinical phenotype. In this review, we will discuss the controversial status of Aurora-B in oocytes and the possible role of Aurora-C during meiotic division.
Toward a classification of isodynamic feed-forward motifs

A preceding study analysed how the topology of network motifs affects the overall rate of the underlying biochemical processes. Surprisingly, it was shown that topologically non-isomorphic motifs can still be isodynamic in the sense that they exhibit the exact same performance rate. Because of the high prevalence of feed-forward functional modules in biological networks, one may hypothesize that evolution tends to favour motifs with faster dynamics. As a step towards ranking the efficiency of feed-forward network motifs, we use a linear flow model to prove theorems establishing that certain classes of motifs are isodynamic. In partitioning the class of all motifs on n nodes into equivalence classes based upon their dynamics, we establish a basis for comparing the efficiency/performance rates of different motifs. The potential biological importance of the theorems is briefly discussed and is the subject of an ongoing large-scale project.
An novel airborne MIMO-SAR system built in IECAS

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems in forthcoming surveillance and reconnaissance tasks have to meet increasingly severe demands. The next generation of toplevel SAR systems will comprise high resolution wide swath (HRWS) imaging capability, highly sensitive ground moving target indication (GMTI) and a multitude of sophisticated operational modes. Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar systems, which can acquire more degrees of freedom, offer new potential solutions to future missions. In this paper, we introduce a novel airborne MIMO-SAR system built in IECAS. The proposed system contains a reconfigurable phased array, two transmit channels, and four receive ones. Thereby, it can realize 0.3m resolution for 30km swath, multimodal operation of wide swath imaging, spotlighting, ground-moving target indication (GMTI) et al. The system design and the orthogonal waveform scheme are detailed, along with the flight experimental results.
A discrete point estimate method for probabilistic load flow based on the measured data of wind power

Probabilistic load flow (PLF) calculation is the first step to evaluate the impact of the integrated wind power to the power system. The wind power is featured with stochastic and variable properties and it's hard to fit its distribution characteristics to any common probability density function (PDF). However, the traditional methods including Monte Carlo for PLF are based on the input variable's PDF. In the paper, the point estimate method and Gram-Charlier expansion method are combined. Based only on the sample data of the wind power, the expectation, variance and cumulative distribution of the output random variables can be estimated with the method by 2n+1 times of load flow calculation where n is the number of input stochastic variables, exempting the need for distribution of the input variables. The simulation results in the IEEE 16-generator system show that the method provides high precision with less computation burden. The method can also be applied to other problems with uncertainty factors whose distribution is unknown in the power system.
Effect of organic acids supplanted in drinking water during pre-starter and starter feeding phase on broiler performance

The purpose of this work was to study the use of different type of (acetic, citric acid) during starter phase of broiler Ross-308 on performance parameters. A total number of 150 one day old broilers (Ross-308 hybrid) Chicks were distributed to three dietary treatments each treatment has 5 replicate, each replicate has 10 chicks, the control group(C) without organic acid supplements, treatment 1(T1) received acetic acid treatment 2(T2) received citric acid. Supplements were used in the drinking water by 0.25% during first 10 days of chick's age. Results showed significant effects with addition of organic acid (p≥0.05) among all treatments for all studied characters were significantly (p≥0.05). Higher value for live body weight, weight gain and best feed conversion found in T2. Higher value for dressing carcass found in T1 and higher value for edible parts except the heart found in T2.
Contributions aux schémas d'Analyse/Synthèse en Animation par ordinateur. (Contributions to Analysis/Synthesis Schemes in Computer Animation)

Dans le domaine infographie, l'animation par ordinateur designe notre capacite a faire se mouvoir, via un ensemble de programmes ou d'algorithmes, des representations geometriques virtuelles d'objets le plus souvent reels. Si les jeux videos ou le champ des effets speciaux sont les premiers domaines d'application, le developpement des technologies de l'information dans notre vie de tous les jours a ouvert la voie a un grand nombre d'autres utilisations. L'animation a proprement parler necessite de specifier le comportement dans l'espace et le temps de l'objet considere. Il existe un grand nombre de methodes permettant de realiser cette specification. Parmi celles-ci, la categorie des methodes dites "basees donnees" permettent d'obtenir un realisme important en s'appuyant sur des exemples captures du monde reel. A ces methodes sont associes trois problemes fondamentaux : - un probleme d'acquisition : quels sont les bons descripteurs du mouvement ? Comment, et via quel medium, les capter du monde reel ? - un probleme de generalisation : comment generaliser l'information obtenue a partir de quelques exemples ? Comment en caracteriser leur portee ? - un probleme de controle : par quel biais introduire cette information dans une boucle d'animation ? Peut on la modifier pour l'adapter a des cadres differents de ceux de la captation ? Pris ensemble, ces problemes permettent d'etablir des schemas d'Analyse/Synthese, ou l'information peut etre capturee grâce a une formalisation (un modele) numerique du phenomene considere, puis utilisee a son tour dans la definition meme du modele. Ce document presente des travaux de recherche dans cette direction menes par moi et mon equipe depuis 2004. Deux domaines d'application "phare" sont consideres : l'animation de personnages virtuels, et plus particulierement des personnages doues de la faculte de communiquer en langue des signes, et la simulation de foules de gens guidee par les donnees. Dans les deux cas est montre comment les donnees peuvent interagir avec les modeles numeriques. Nous tentons meme de mettre en avant l'emergence de cercles vertueux ou l'on s'apercoit que de meilleures donnees entrainent de meilleurs modeles, qui a leur tour autorisent la captation de nouvelles donnees et ainsi de suite. Ainsi cette thematique ouvre un large panel de problemes evoluant de l'apprentissage a la simulation numerique.
Attenuated hypercholesterolemic response to a high-cholesterol diet in subjects heterozygous for the apolipoprotein A-IV-2 allele.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that the variant apolipoprotein (apo) allele apo A-IV-2 may influence the response of the plasma cholesterol concentration to dietary cholesterol. METHODS We measured plasma lipids and lipoproteins in 11 subjects who were heterozygous for the apo A-IV-2 allele (apo A-IV-1/2 heterozygotes) and a control group of 12 subjects who were homozygous for the common apo A-IV allele (apo A-IV-1/1 homozygotes) in an outpatient dietary-modification study. (Approximately one in seven persons in the United States is a heterozygote.) The subjects consumed a low-cholesterol diet (about 200 mg [0.5 mmol] of cholesterol per day) during a two-week run-in period; daily cholesterol intake was then increased to approximately 1100 mg (2.8 mmol) by the addition of four egg yolks per day. RESULTS The fat intake and the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat were similar in the two groups throughout the study. After three weeks of egg intake, the mean plasma total cholesterol increased by 22 mg per deciliter (0.57 mmol per liter) in the apo A-IV-1/1 group, but by only 6 mg per deciliter (0.15 mmol per liter) in the apo A-IV-1/2 group (P = 0.05). The mean plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased by 19 mg per deciliter (0.49 mmol per liter) in the apo A-IV-1/1 group, but by only 1 mg per deciliter (0.03 mmol per liter) in the apo A-IV-1/2 group (P = 0.03). There were no changes in the plasma triglyceride or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in either group. CONCLUSIONS The apo A-IV-2 allele attenuates the hypercholesterolemic response to the short-term ingestion of a very-high-cholesterol diet and may partially account for the heterogeneous response to dietary cholesterol. However, cholesterol intake in this study was more than twice that of the general population; whether the apo A-IV-2 allele alters responsiveness at lower levels of cholesterol intake remains to be determined.
Vulnerability Analysis of SCADA Protocol Binaries through Detection of Memory Access Taintedness

Pointer taintedness is a concept which has been successfully employed as basis for vulnerability analysis of C/C ++ source code, and as a run-time mitigation technique against memory corruption attacks. Nevertheless, pointer taintedness interferes with the specification of several industrial control protocols. As a consequence it is not directly usable in detecting memory corruption vulnerabilities in implementations of those industrial control protocols. Furthermore, source-code analysis may have no visibility on certain low-level vulnerabilities since there may be a considerable difference between what programmers intend with the source code they write and what the CPU really executes. A set of memory corruption vulnerabilities specific to implementations of industrial control protocols may escape source code analysis as they are related to a dynamic organization of data in memory. In this paper we define a new concept referred to as memory access taintedness. We discuss the logical motivations behind our definition of memory access taintedness and demonstrate that memory access taintedness is fully employable in vulnerability analysis of the machine code of implementations of industrial control protocols. We analyze the main low-level characteristics of both traditional attacks and attacks specific to process control systems, and demonstrate the ability of memory access taintedness to detect memory corruption vulnerabilities. We represent memory access taintedness as a decision tree and use it as the fundamental component of a finite state machine model we devised for the purpose of dynamically detecting memory corruption vulnerabilities in implementations of industrial control protocols.