Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the competence in electrocardiographic interpretation among Arabic resident doctors at the emergency medicine and internal medicine departments: A multi-center online cross-sectional study

Background This study aims to assess the electrocardiographic interpretation abilities of resident doctors at internal medicine and emergency medicine departments in eight Arabic countries. Methods An online cross-sectional study was conducted between October 7, 2022 and October 21, 2022 in eight Arabic countries. The questionnaire consisted of two main sections: the first section included sociodemographic information, while the second section contained 12 clinical case questions of the most severe cardiac abnormalities with their electrocardiography (ECG) recordings. Results Out of 2,509 responses, 630 were eligible for the data analysis. More than half of the participants were males (52.4%). Internal medicine residents were (n = 530, 84.1%), whereas emergency medicine residents were (n = 100, 15.9%). Almost participants were in their first or second years of residency (79.8%). Only 36.2% of the inquired resident doctors had attended an ECG course. Most participants, 85.6%, recognized the ECG wave order correctly, and 50.5% of the participants scored above 7.5/10 on the ECG interpretation scale. The proportions of participants who were properly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, third-degree heart block, and atrial tachycardia were 71.1, 76.7, and 56.6%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was defined between the internal and emergency medicine residents regarding their knowledge of ECG interpretation (p value = 0.42). However, there was a significant correlation between ECG interpretation and medical residency year (p value < 0.001); the fourth-year resident doctors had the highest scores (mean = 9.24, SD = 1.6). As well, participants in the third and second years of postgraduate medical residency have a probability of adequate knowledge of ECG interpretation more than participants in the first year of residency (OR = 2.1, p value = 0.001) and (OR = 1.88, p value = 0.002), respectively. Conclusion According to our research findings, resident doctors in departments of internal medicine and emergency medicine in Arabic nations have adequate ECG interpretation abilities; nevertheless, additional development is required to avoid misconceptions about critical cardiac conditions.
Editorial: Everyday Virtual and Augmented Reality: Methods and Applications, Volume II

Human-Computer Interaction, Department of Computer Science, University of Trier, Trier, Germany, Center for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, United States, Department of Software Engineering and Game Design and Development, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, United States, School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
NUMERICAL METHODS FOR MAXWELL'S EQUATIONS IN INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIA WITH MATERIAL INTERFACES ∗1)

In this paper, we will present some recent results on developing numerical methods for solving Maxwell’s equations in inhomogeneous media with material interfaces. First, we will present a second order upwinding embedded boundary method - a Cartesian grid based finite difference method with special upwinding treatment near the material interfaces. Second, we will present a high order discontinuous spectral element with Dubinar orthogonal polynomials on triangles. Numerical results on electromagnetic scattering and photonic waveguide will be included.
A higher-order shell model applied to shells with mixed boundary conditions

By means of the principle of virtual work, the governing equations together with the required boundary conditions of a higher-order shear deformation theory are formulated for the analysis of laminated shells under static loads. A system of 31 first-order partial differential equations is performed for the determination of stress resultants and displacement components. These equations are then solved numerically, utilizing the generalized differential quadrature method for two isotropic cylindrical panels with equal arc length but different radii having S2-type simply supported boundary conditions. The results matched those of other theories. Another analysis is carried out for composite cylindrical panels with two lamination schemes, five different mixed boundary conditions, and two length-to-thickness ratios. The results are compared against solutions obtained from ANSYS finite-element software.
An approach to improve the performance of adaptive predictive control systems: theory, simulations and experiments

In this paper an approach to improve the overall performance of indirect adaptive control systems tailored for non-linear stable plants is presented. The approach involves a commutation of a linear time-varying robustness filter in the feedback path of the control loop in synchronization with an adaptive controller. The algorithm is framed in the celebrated IMC structure for predictive control systems. It can automatically suit to structural changes in the system as order and dead-time, and can deal with plants with zero dynamics. The convergence and stability of the system is analysed in details. It is shown through numeric simulations and experimentation on a heat exchanger with cooling system, that undesired transients due to abrupt and significative changes in the dynamics can be efficiently damped down by the developed control algorithm, achieving a high-quality performance in steady state.
Exact confidence intervals for randomized response strategies

For surveys with sensitive questions, randomized response sampling strategies are often used to increase the response rate and encourage participants to provide the truth of the question while participants' privacy and confidentiality are protected. The proportion of responding ‘yes’ to the sensitive question is the parameter of interest. Asymptotic confidence intervals for this proportion are calculated from the limiting distribution of the test statistic, and are traditionally used in practice for statistical inference. It is well known that these intervals do not guarantee the coverage probability. For this reason, we apply the exact approach, adjusting the critical value as in [10], to construct the exact confidence interval of the proportion based on the likelihood ratio test and three Wilson-type tests. Two randomized response sampling strategies are studied: the Warner model and the unrelated model. The exact interval based on the likelihood ratio test has shorter average length than others when the probability of the sensitive question is low. Exact Wilson intervals have good performance in other cases. A real example from a survey study is utilized to illustrate the application of these exact intervals.
A Survey of M -Functionals of Multivariate Location and Scatter

This survey provides a self-contained account of M -estimation of multivariate location and scatter, with special emphasis on maximum likelihood estimation for multivariate t-distributions. In particular, we present new proofs for ex istence of the underlying M -functionals, and discuss their weak continuity and differ entiability. Moreover, we present M -estimation of scatter in a rather general framework with matrix-valued random variables. By doing so we reveal a connection between Tyler’s (1987) M -functional of scatter and the estimation of proportional c ovariance matrices. Moreover, this general framework allows us to treat a new class of scatter estimators, based on symmetrizations of arbitrary order.
Skeletal Bone Age Analysis Using Emroi Technique

Bones are calcified connective tissue forming the major portion of the skeleton of most vertebrates. There are about 206 bones in our body and contains more calcium. Bones begin to develop before birth. From the moment of birth until the time one has grown up, bones go through a set a characteristic changes. Therefore the skeletal maturity, or bone age, can be estimated from radiographs of specific bones in the human body. Children who grow exceptionally slow or fast are often examined by making a radiograph of their left hand and wrist. The aim of this work is to develop a system for skeletal bone age estimation using region of extraction. By analyzing left hand x-ray image, the feature extracted are CROI(Carpal ROI), EMROI (Ephiphysial/Metaphysial ROI),using discrete wavelet transformation, ISEF edge detector, energy based segmentation, Jacobi method, cell full and vertex full method. Extracted features are classified using k-mean classifier. Results obtained on a sample of 24 X-rays are discussed. The systems were studied and their performances were compared by various other methods. Keywords - Bone age assessment, CROI, EMROI, Jacobi method, TW2 method.
Improved limits on {beta}{sup +}EC and ECEC processes in {sup 112}Sn

Limits on {beta}{sup +}EC and ECEC processes in {sup 112}Sn have been obtained using a 380 cm{sup 3} HPGe detector and an external source consisting of 100 g enriched tin (94.32% of {sup 112}Sn). A limit with 90% C.L. on the {sup 112}Sn half-life of 1.3x10{sup 21} yr for the ECEC(0{nu}) transition to the 0{sub 3}{sup +} excited state in {sup 112}Cd (1871 keV) has been established. This transition has been discussed in the context of a possible enhancement of the decay rate. The limits on other {beta}{sup +}EC and ECEC processes in {sup 112}Sn have also been obtained on the level of (0.1-1.6)x10{sup 21} yr at the 90% C.L.
On a nonlocal isoperimetric problem on the two-sphere

In this article we analyze the minimization of a nonlocal isoperimetric problem (NLIP) posed on the $2$-sphere. After establishing the regularity of the free boundary of minimizers, we characterize two critical points of the functional describing (NLIP): the single cap and the double cap. We show that when the parameter controlling the influence of the nonlocality is small, the single cap is not only stable but also is the global minimizer of (NLIP) for all values of the mass constraint. In other words, in this parameter regime, the global minimizer of the (NLIP) coincides with the global minimizer of the local isoperimetric problem on the 2-sphere. Furthermore, we show that in certain parameter regimes the double cap is an unstable critical point.
Game-Theoretical Method Toward Dry Port Multilevel Location Considering Capacity Constraints and Shippers’ Choice Behavior

The high demand for containerized cargo and the low market share of low-carbon transportation modes for hinterland freight systems in China are causing severe traffic congestion and environmental pollution. Dry ports offer an opportunity to reduce carbon emissions, relieve congestion, and expand the hinterland of seaports. Therefore, this paper focuses on the dry port multilevel location problem considering capacity constraints, shippers’ choice behavior, and empty container transportation in a four-mode port-hinterland freight network. A Stackelberg game-theoretical model is built for the government and shippers. In the model, the government determines the number, location, and capacity level of dry ports, and shippers choose seaports and paths according to the constrained nested logit model because of the capacity constraints of nodes and links. To solve the problem, a complete enumeration algorithm and a hybrid genetic algorithm are designed. Numerical experiments in China are performed, and two analyses are conducted on the cost parameters and time parameters. The results indicate that constructing dry ports can decrease carbon emissions and generalized transportation costs, and promote the mode shift from road to railway. However, building a larger number and higher capacity level of dry ports sometimes increases total costs, contrary to expectations. There are also some interesting findings with respect to the effects of costs and time parameters on dry port location results, carbon emissions, modal split, and seaport market share.
Broadband antireflection and light-trapping enhancement of plasmonic solar cells

Ren-Hao Fan,1 Li-Hao Zhu,1 Ru-Wen Peng,1,* Xian-Rong Huang,2,† Dong-Xiang Qi,1 Xiao-Ping Ren,1 Qing Hu,1 and Mu Wang1,‡ 1National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China 2Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA (Received 12 December 2012; revised manuscript received 7 May 2013; published 30 May 2013)
Numerical simulations of bosons and fermions in three dimensional optical lattices

The quest for new exotic materials lies in our theoretical understanding of strong correlations, which could only be sought via quantum emulators at large scale. Optical lattices, being clean and easily tunable, become natural candidates. This thesis is regarding numerical simulations of bosons and fermions in 3D optical lattices, which bridges the theory to the relevant experiments today as well as in the near future. The first part is devoted to the various thermometry schemes which are made possible due to the state-of-art probing techniques in experiments. These schemes are quantitatively tested in this thesis to give reliable estimates of the thermodynamic temperature even in the presence of different experimental imperfections, therefore proving itself to be a feasible standard thermometer for bosonic optical lattices. The second part is about the robust implementation of the QMC directed worm algorithm capable of scaling up to some 10 million sites with any lattice geometry, of which some manage to converge in merely a couple of hours. The current version is in fact one of the fastest, if not the fastest, in the world till date, specially designed for the needs of future experiments which will involve bigger bosonic clouds beyond parabolic trapping. Large-scale simulations involving large datasets are flexibly supported with chain automations in this new version. The third part illustrates the use of density functional theory for fermionic shallow optical lattices. We find that Stoner ferromagnetism, which was recently discovered to exist in fermionic gases, gets stabilized by the optical lattice due to band structure effects. At half-filling in the Hubbard model limit, the antiferromagnetic phase is recovered by density functional theory with the presence of a spin-density-wave gap that could be an indirect probe for anti-ferromagnetism in future experiments. As a whole, the numerical simulations in this thesis are performed as numerically exact as possible, at least in some limit, with minimal assumptions, so as to ensure that our results here will remain relevant to both theoreticians and experimentalists in the coming future.
How the Permanent Senior Professional Staff Can Enable Policy Capacity in the Face of Political Instability: Insights from the Israeli Experience

Abstract The literature emphasizes the importance of establishing institutional mechanisms for enabling policy capacity. Yet, room remains for understanding how these institutions—usually run by senior professional administrative staff—function in the face of political instability. To explore this issue, we focus on the role of Deputy Directors-General for Strategy (DDS) and their forum, a new institution intentionally established by the Israeli cabinet in order to strengthen policy capacity and collaboration in strategic planning processes across ministries. We argue that political instability, defined as the frequent turnover of politicians and politically appointed high-level bureaucrats who head governmental ministries, implies that the permanent senior professional staff plays a larger role in terms of strategic planning and policy capacity. Using textual analysis and 19 in-depth interviews with Deputy Directors-General for Strategy and other senior officials, we analyze how they deal with political instability with regard to the government’s ability to function, as well as the strategies they use to do so.
Subjective Versus Objective: Divergency Between Subjective Walkability and Walk Score During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Walk scores are used to evaluate accessibility by walking from a location to various meaningful destinations. Their validity remains contested because the widely available walk scores from the Walk Score® company are typically constructed using objectively measured origin–destination distances, which may be inconsistent with people’s spatial perceptions and even irrelevant to destinationless recreational walking trips. This study examines the divergency between objective walkability measured as walk score and subjective walkability assessed by perceived accessibility. Using data collected during the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted spatial autocorrelation and multi-level regression analyses. Findings suggest that characteristics of both location and people affect the divergency between subjective–objective walkability. Regardless of their individual socioeconomic characteristics, respondents tend to match their subjective walkability assessment with the walk score better when they live in denser and older neighborhoods where more people may walk for utilitarian purposes. On the other hand, respondents with greater beliefs in environmental policies evaluate walkability in better alignment with walk score, regardless of their locational characteristics. The findings suggest that the main reasons for the subjective–objective divergency may lie in people using recreational walking for walkability assessment and their lack of lived experiences of utilitarian walking. Planners and policymakers should be mindful of the objective–subjective walkability divergency when using walk scores to support strategies and actions to improve walkability.
Object detection-oriented style transfer network for panchromatic remote sensing image

Abstract. A panchromatic image is a remote sensing image that is imaged at the entire visible light band. It often has the highest spatial resolution and is widely used in the fields of resource detection, urban planning, geographic information systems, military, and national defense etc. However, the feature of single-band imaging determines that panchromatic images are usually displayed in the form of grayscale and result in some detailed differences between distinct types of ground objects that are indecipherable. It causes many difficulties for object detection applications. To address this problem, an object detection-oriented style transfer network for panchromatic remote sensing image is designed. In full consideration of the actual requirements of object detection tasks for panchromatic remote sensing image, a style transfer network based on feature fusion is designed, where a style transfer model is trained to transfer the grayscale panchromatic image into the corresponding color style. Further data preprocessing and postprocessing operations are designed to improve the quality of the transferred images and thus prevent negative transfer. DOTA dataset is used to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. Results show that after the style transfer, the accuracy of object detection on the panchromatic remote sensing images has been significantly improved.
Family of Extended Dynamic Description Logics

As the extension of the description logic, many dynamic description logics are proposed for modeling and reasoning about Semantic Web Services. These dynamic description logics provide decidable reasoning mechanisms for the result of action execution. However, the procedure of action execution can not be described and reasoned about according to these logics. Inspired by an extended propositional dynamic logic studied by Pratt, this paper proposes two improvements to the dynamic description logic. One is that, semantics of actions in the dynamic description logic are redefined in such a way that each action is interpreted as a set of trajectories, where each trajectory is a sequence of possible worlds of the semantic model. The other is that, assertions on the procedure of action execution are introduced to the logic so that not only the result but also the procedure can be described for the execution of actions. As a result, a family of extended dynamic description logics named EDDL(X) is presented in this paper, where X represents well-studied description logics ranging from ALC (attributive language with complements) to SHOIN(D). Taking the description logic ALCQO (attributive language with complements, qualified number restrictions and nominals) as an example of the X of EDDL(X), this paper proposes a tableau decision algorithm for the logic EDDL(ALCQO) and proves that this algorithm is terminating, sound and complete. With EDDL(X), both the result and the procedure of action execution can be described and reasoned about. Therefore, compared with dynamic description logics, EDDL(X) provides further support for modeling and reasoning about semantic Web services.
Maxwell's Grid Equations

A numerical approach for the solution of Maxwell's equation is presented. Based on a finite difference Yee lattice the method transforms each of the four Maxwell equations into an equivalent matrix expression that can be subsequently treated by matrix mathematics and suitable numerical methods for solving matrix problems. The algorithm, although derived from integral equations, can be considered to be a special case of finite difference formalisms
RNAi for the Treatment of People with Hemophilia: Current Evidence and Patient Selection

Abstract Severe hemophilia is associated with spontaneous, prolonged and recurrent bleeding. Inadequate prevention and treatment of bleeding can lead to serious morbidity and mortality. Due to the limitations of intravenous clotting factor replacement, including the risk of inhibitory antibodies, innovative novel therapies have been developed that have dramatically changed the landscape of hemophilia therapy. Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) has brought the opportunity for multiple strategies to manipulate the hemostatic system and ameliorate the bleeding phenotype in severe bleeding disorders. Fitusiran is a RNAi therapeutic that inhibits the expression of the natural anticoagulant serpin antithrombin. Reduction in antithrombin is known to cause thrombosis if coagulation parameters are otherwise normal and can rebalance hemostasis in severe hemophilia. Reports from late stage clinical trials of fitusiran in hemophilia A and B participants, with and without inhibitory antibodies to exogenous clotting factor, have demonstrated efficacy in preventing bleeding events showing promise for a future “universal” prophylactic treatment of individuals with moderate-severe hemophilia.
Analysis of Spinning Ball Trajectories of Soccer Kicks and Basketball Throws

CONTENTS 15.1 Scope . 425 15.2 Theory: Lateral Force on the Spinning Ball of a Soccer Kick . 426 15.3 Analysis of the Soccer Kick . 429 15.3. 1 Theory: Trajectory of a Spinning Soccer-Ball Kick . 429 15.3. 2 Exemplification of the Theory: Computation of the Spinning Ball Trajectories . 432 15.3. 3 Case Study: Analysis of the Famous Ronaldinho Goal against England in the Quarter-Final of the 2002 World Cup. 436 15.4 Basketball Foul Throw Analysis . 439 15.5 Concluding Remarks. 441 Appendix. 442 References . 444