Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design of a Millimeter-Wave High Angle Selectivity Shaped-Beam Conformal Array Antenna Using Hybrid Genetic/Space Mapping Method

A millimeter-wave conformal antenna was investigated with shaped radiation beams in this letter. A high angle selectivity radiation pattern was used to limit the radiation in specified space of communication system. The genetic algorithm was utilized to synthesize desired radiation patterns for the investigated antenna. To improve the design accuracy and efficiency, the space mapping method was utilized to finalize the design. Mutual coupling effects among element antennas were involved in the space mapping method. Through a few low-computation-cost coarse-model optimizations and a parameter mapping process, the conformal antenna was realized with desired specifications. As an example, a 42-GHz conformal array antenna was designed for Qlink-Pan communication system with elliptic-function defined radiation beams. The designed prototype was fabricated by using a low-cost printed circuit board technology and measured in a microwave chamber. Good agreements were obtained for experimental and predicted results.
Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Jatropha multifida L. (Euphorbiaceae)

Background: Jatropha multifida is used in Togolease folk medicine for the healing of chronic wounds. Objective: This study aims to investigate antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the leaves ethanolic extract. Materials and Methods: The antimicrobial activity was assayed by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards broth microdilution method on strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomoas aeruginosa isolated from wounds, whereas the anti-inflammatory activity was performed by carrageenan and histamine induced paw edema method in rat modele. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were used for the antioxidant activity. Results: The antibacterial assay showed an in vitro growth inhibition of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in dose-dependent manner, with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 2.5 to 3.12 mg/mL for S. aureus and from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL for P. aeruginosa. The maximum paw anti-inflammatory effect occurred after 3 and 5 h administration of histamine and carrageenan, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging and the FRAP assays yielded weak antioxidant activity. Conclusion: J. multifida possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities that could justify the use of the plant for the treatment of wounds in the folk medicine.
Early Childhood Development as Economic Development

Research from numerous disciplines provides support for the critical importance of early childhood development in economic development. The long-term individual and societal benefits of investing resources during early childhood make it an unrivaled opportunity for policy. Over the past 30 years, states have gained increasing control over the major policies for families with young children through the devolution of federal programs to states. States have also expanded their innovation and adoption of early childhood education programs during this time, such as prekindergarten. Policy makers need to understand how the differences in these policies across states affect policy effectiveness and child well-being, yet there is limited research, especially during early childhood. This article outlines the federally-devolved and state-developed policies for families with young children and the dimensions and characteristics that vary between states, and concludes with implications for research in the experimental arena of state-level policy.
Non‐linear forecasts of stock returns

Following recent non-linear extensions of the present-value model, this paper examines the out-of-sample forecast performance of two parametric and two non-parametric nonlinear models of stock returns. The parametric models include the standard regime switching and the Markov regime switching, whereas the non-parametric are the nearest-neighbour and the artificial neural network models. We focused on the US stock market using annual observations spanning the period 1872-1999. Evaluation of forecasts was based on two criteria, namely forecast accuracy and forecast encompassing. In terms of accuracy, the Markov and the artificial neural network models produce at least as accurate forecasts as the other models. In terms of encompassing, the Markov model outperforms all the others. Overall, both criteria suggest that the Markov regime switching model is the most preferable non-linear empirical extension of the present-value model for out-of-sample stock return forecasting. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Test—retest reliability of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire: Revised

Abstract We describe the test‐retest reliability of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire: Revised (PDQ‐R), which was developed to assess DSM‐III‐R personality disorders (PD). Thirty patients, diagnosed clinically with PD, filled out the PDQ‐R twice at 1 month intervals after having undergone 8 weeks of treatment leading to moderate resolution of their acute axis‐I symptomatology. The chance‐corrected agreement was almost perfect for all DSM‐III‐R PD (K coefficients: 0.76–1.00). Dimensional scores for individual PD and the total PDQ‐Q score were highly correlated (Pearson's correlation coefficients: 0.62–0.99) and the mean of scores did not significantly differ between test and retest. Based on these results, we propose that highly reliable PD diagnoses are possible, even using a self‐report questionnaire, if the axis‐I symptoniatology of depression and anxiety have moderately subsided. These results clarify controversy over how and when reliable PD diagnoses may be obtained via a self‐report questionnaire in a clinical sample.
Determinants of International Migration in Pakistan

This study was designed to examine the determinants of international migration which were inspired/compelled the people of lower wages countries to higher wages countries in order to improve their socio-economic status at origin. The movement of labor from agricultural and sick industrial sectors is a universal phenomenon which is affiliated of economic modernization and development. Traditional migration models overlook many potential interactions between migration and development. In Pakistani society, the poor economic opportunities, resources inequality and demographic behaviour are the main determinants of international migration. The main objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the Socio-economic status of the respondents and determinants of international migration. The present study was carried out in Faisalabad cit and four Tehsils of Faisalabad District (Faisalabad, Jaranwala, Thandlianwala and Samundri). Both the urban and rural areas were consisted of eight circle areas from the city and eight villages from four tehsiles. Basic census was done by the researcher to draw the sample. Six hundred respondents were interviewed from eight circle areas of the city and eight villages from four tehsiles. Probit model technique proved that individuals from less resources communities were migrated to Middle East and European countries in order to improve their household income. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n20p2028
Does corporate governance affect restatement of financial reporting? Evidence from China

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of corporate governance on financial restatements in China, with a view to providing reference to strengthen the corporate governance and improve the quality of financial information. Design/methodology/approach - The authors investigate associations between financial restatements and corporate governance via a sample of 1,147 listed companies from the period of 2002 to 2006, which includes 880 annual accounting restatements by 465 companies. Logistic model is used to regress restatement dummy variable on not only the equity and board structure, but also the quality of independent auditors. The restatements in this paper are caused by performance-related accounting errors. Findings - It was found that accounting misstatements related to performance could be prevented or restrained by strong internal governance, such as a board of higher percentage of outside directors and an audit committee that could oversee the accounting and financial reporting process on behalf of all shareholders, and outside governance, such as a big stockholder and a strong outside auditor from the Big4 accounting firms. However, the matched test shows the effect of audit committee on controlling restatements is endogenous, which relies on the effects of other governance factors. Originality/value - In China, studies on the impact of corporate governance on financial restatements are few and the existing empirical researches show the selected samples are small, which constitute small part of the revision of accounting errors. In this paper, the data are more accurate and comprehensive than previous research and matched sample method was used to alleviate the impact of endogeneity of some explanatory variables. So, the conclusions are more reliable than in the past.
Prediction of voltage over electrodes' filaments of fluorescent lamps during dimming operation

This paper presents an investigation concerning the use of fundamental approximation analysis and a new lamp model for the prediction of the voltage over electrodes' filaments during dimming operation. The lamp model employed in this paper is based on equivalent resistances, which represent the electrodes' filaments and the gas column of a F32T8 lamp. Experimental results are presented in this paper, indicating the validity of the proposed analysis and confirming its potential to serve as an effective tool for the design of dimming electronic ballasts
Does Risk Tolerance Decrease with Age?

This study examines the effect of age on risk tolerance. The life-cycle investment hypothesis is tested using the 1983-89 panel of the Survey of Consumer Finances. Household wealth is defined as the sum of human capital and net worth. Risk tolerance is measured by the ratio of risky assets to total wealth. Risk tolerance increases with age when other variables are controlled.
Qualified audit reports in Finland: evidence from large companies

The purpose of the study is to develop a logistic model based on financial statement information to identify qualified audit reports. The empirical data are retrieved from audit reports from thirty-seven publicly-traded companies (HeSE) in the years 1992, 1993 and 1994. Thus, there are in all 111 audit reports of which only eight are qualified in the way of including remarks or supplementary information. These eight qualifications concerned three companies during the period of study. The qualification decision (0/1) is explained by sixteen financial ratios and by the audit lag. Univariate analysis showed that the qualification of an audit report is mainly associated with low profitability, high indebtedness and low (negative) growth. The multivariate logistic model showed that the likelihood of receiving a qualification is larger, the lower the growth of the firm, the lower the share of equity in balance sheet and the smaller the number of employees. The total error rate of the model in Lachenbruch validation was only 5.4%. When two qualified reports containing remarks on an additional and a separate auditor were considered as non-qualified, the corresponding total error rate for a re-estimated logistic model was as low as 1.8%. This model also included the audit lag as an explanatory variable. The results of the study indicate that an efficient model to explain qualifications in the audit reports of Finnish publicly-traded companies can be found.
Consumers' reactions to food scares

In the past decade many food hazards appeared (i.e. bacteria of Escherichia coli, dioxins in pork). When information about food hazards is announced, many concerns about food product arise. As a result consumers stop buying the kind of food in which hazard appears, which makes losses to the food producer. In this study, the results of survey are presented. The survey was conducted among 712 respondents in the southeast Poland. Respondents were asked about the source of information they prefer to be informed about the food hazard, their reactions to food hazard and their ways to protect themselves from food hazards in case of food scares. On the basis of the results, it was found that the main sources of information they prefer are television (85.4% of indications) and the Internet (61.4% of indications). Moreover, when a food hazard appears and consumers are informed about this fact their first reaction is to check if they have bought this product, and 30% of respondents declared that they would not buy this product again. To make sure that a particular food product is safe, consumers buy products they know (70.5% respondents). The answers varied on the socio-demographic characteristics of respondents.
Unobserved Household and Community Heterogeneity and the Labor Market Impact of Schooling: A Case Study for Indonesia

Studies have claimed that schooling investments have high rates of return in developing countries. Researchers however fail to control for all of the unobserved household and community effects which may affect estimates of returns. Using data from the 1986 Indonesian Labor Force Survey wage functions are estimated for Indonesia with and without fixed effects to see if controls for outside factors which might be correlated with years of schooling and wages make a difference. The impact of schooling on wage rates and hours supplied to the paid labor market is assessed with separate consideration given to males and females. Results suggest that estimates of the impact of schooling on wage rates and hours supplied to the paid labor market which do not control for household fixed effects are quite misleading. The directions and magnitudes of biases caused by failing to take control measures differ according to sex between wage rates and hours supplied and among schooling levels. Specifically ordinary least squares estimates of the impact of schooling are biased to overestimate returns to school returns to lower schooling levels relative returns of schooling for males relative to females and the positive impact of schooling on hours supplied to the paid labor force. Advocating schooling investments in other societies based upon the standard estimates may therefore create unrealistic expectations.
Genome-Wide Analysis of the Role of Global Transcriptional Regulator GntR1 in Corynebacterium glutamicum

ABSTRACT The transcriptional regulator GntR1 downregulates the genes for gluconate catabolism and pentose phosphate pathway in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Gluconate lowers the DNA binding affinity of GntR1, which is probably the mechanism of gluconate-dependent induction of these genes. In addition, GntR1 positively regulates ptsG, a gene encoding a major glucose transporter, and pck, a gene encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Here, we searched for the new target of GntR1 on a genome-wide scale by chromatin immunoprecipitation in conjunction with microarray (ChIP-chip) analysis. This analysis identified 56 in vivo GntR1 binding sites, of which 7 sites were previously reported. The newly identified GntR1 sites include the upstream regions of carbon metabolism genes such as pyk, maeB, gapB, and icd, encoding pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase B, and isocitrate dehydrogenase, respectively. Binding of GntR1 to the promoter region of these genes was confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The activity of the icd, gapB, and maeB promoters was reduced by the mutation at the GntR1 binding site, in contrast to the pyk promoter activity, which was increased, indicating that GntR1 is a transcriptional activator of icd, gapB, and maeB and is a repressor of pyk. Thus, it is likely that GntR1 stimulates glucose uptake by inducing the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP):carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS) gene while repressing pyk to increase PEP availability in the absence of gluconate. Repression of zwf and gnd may reduce the NADPH supply, which may be compensated by the induction of maeB and icd. Upregulation of icd, gapB, and maeB and downregulation of pyk by GntR1 probably support gluconeogenesis.
Rural development policy in the context of actor-centred institutionalism.

We analysed the formulation of Rural Development Programme of the Slovak Republic for 2007-2013 applying the theory of actor-centred institutionalism and its interaction forms. Approaches accentuating the role of actors and their interactions are an appropriate tool for the better understanding of cross-sectoral relationships and the improvement of public policy coherence in the formulation process of strategic documents in rural development. Methodologically the study is based on a qualitative analysis of documents and standardized interviews. The formu - lation of RDP SR 2007-2013 is showing signs of cross-sectoral coordination between different actors in the form of bargaining, as well as signs of hierarchical coordination among public and private actors. In the formulation process of RDP SR 2007-2013 a negative mechanism of coordination was dominant with negative consequences for the policy coherence of the final document. A positive element for the coherence of rural development policy is the observation of decision-making elements in networks.
Does Difference Make a Difference in Financial Planning for Risk

Current policy-making assumes people perceive and respond to financial risk in a uniform and rational way. This research sought to investigate whether social and cultural differences along the dimensions of disability, sexuality, faith and ethnicity influence attitudes to money and approaches to planning for possible financial risk eventualities. Eighty in-depth interviews with individuals committed to different faiths (Muslim and Christian), disabled people, gays, lesbians and bisexuals, and members of black and minority ethnic groups (black and Asian) were conducted in 2005/2006. Mainstream cultural reference points were dominant in respondents’ accounts; however, difference was also found to be more determining in some areas than has previously been documented. The article explores the impact of these relationships on financial planning and draws out the policy implications of the different elements of difference on financial planning. The study argues that socio-cultural approaches to risk need to be better understood at the policy-making level.
Environmental variation influences the magnitude of inbreeding depression in Cucurbita pepo ssp. texana (Cucurbitaceae)

We grew inbred and outcrossed Cucurbita pepo ssp. texana plants and measured inbreeding depression for several male and female fitness traits 4 years in a row in adjacent fields at the same field station under the same cultivation conditions. We found that the magnitude of inbreeding depression varied from 0.16 to 0.53 from year to year and that those traits which were most affected tended to vary with year. We also grew inbred and outcrossed C. pepo ssp. texana plants in two adjacent fields differing only in the presence of nitrogen fertilizer to examine the effect of nutrient limitation as a form of environmental stress on the magnitude of inbreeding depression. We found that inbreeding depression was more severe in the unfertilized field. Overall, this study illustrates the notion that any estimate of inbreeding depression represents a single point in a cluster of possible estimates that can vary (often dramatically) with growing conditions.
Measuring information distortion in real-world supply chains

After years of being thought to be an inevitable fact of life, demand information distortion (Bullwhip effect) is now increasingly coming under scrutiny by researchers, with conflicting findings being reported about its existence. The conflicting reports are partly due to the measurement issues surrounding Bullwhip, and partly due to the changed business practices in some sectors which the Bullwhip construct was perhaps not originally designed to capture. This article attempts to reconcile these issues. It integrates two distinct dimensions of information distortion: amplification of order variance and schedule instability, and proposes a framework to capture the underlying information distortion more comprehensively. The framework is illustrated through a case study of an automotive supply chain under real-world considerations such as capacity limits and contemporary IT-enabled information sharing practices. The ‘degree of over-ordering’ was found to be a good indicator of information distortion.
Electrical Correlates of Brain Injury Resulting from Severe Hypotension and Hemodilution in Monkeys

The effects of hypotension, hemodilution, and their combination on the relationship between concurrent brain electrical activity and resulting brain injury were studied in anesthetized monkeys. The authors compared changes in the electroencephalogram and somatosensory and auditory evoked potentials with eventual neuropathologic outcome. Our goals were: 1) to define the margin of safety for the monkey brain during hemodilution and hypotension under several simulated clinical conditions; and 2) to determine whether noninvasive measurements of brain electrical activity can predict ischemic brain cell damage. Forty-one monkeys were anesthetized with halothane (0.8 vol % inspired) and ventilated mechanically. Arterial hypotension was induced with trimethaphan (25 ± 8 mmHg mean arterial blood pressure [MABP] for 30 min). Hemodilution was induced by replacing blood with lactated Ringer's solution (14 ± 2% hematocrit for 1 h). Combined hemodilution and hypotension consisted of 30 min of hemodilution alone followed by superimposing hypotension for 30 min (16 ± 3% hematocrit and 29 ± 5 mmHg MABP). Ten monkeys died following severe hypotension alone or combined hemodilution and hypertension as a consequence of cardiac arrest or undetermined (possibly neurologic) causes. No histologic evidence of ischemic brain cell injury was found in surviving monkeys subjected to hemodilution or hypotension alone. Neuropathologic alterations in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus and globus pallidus as well as neurologic and behavioral deficits were found in seven of 16 surviving monkeys subjected to both hemodilution and hypotension. These findings resulted from combinations of hematocrit less than 20% and MABP below 40 mmHg. Only the degree of amplitude reduction in cortical components of the somatosensory evoked potentials during the stress period indicated a high probability of neuropathologic outcome.
The Genetic Program of Pancreatic β-Cell Replication In Vivo

The molecular program underlying infrequent replication of pancreatic β-cells remains largely inaccessible. Using transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein in cycling cells, we sorted live, replicating β-cells and determined their transcriptome. Replicating β-cells upregulate hundreds of proliferation-related genes, along with many novel putative cell cycle components. Strikingly, genes involved in β-cell functions, namely, glucose sensing and insulin secretion, were repressed. Further studies using single-molecule RNA in situ hybridization revealed that in fact, replicating β-cells double the amount of RNA for most genes, but this upregulation excludes genes involved in β-cell function. These data suggest that the quiescence-proliferation transition involves global amplification of gene expression, except for a subset of tissue-specific genes, which are “left behind” and whose relative mRNA amount decreases. Our work provides a unique resource for the study of replicating β-cells in vivo.