Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Long-Term Therapies and Beliefs about Medications

Objectives. To assess adherence to long-term medications among patients in family medicine clinics and to evaluate relationship between adherence, beliefs about medications, medication information adequacy, and other factors. Methods. Interviewer assisted survey was conducted to assess adherence using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), beliefs about medications using beliefs about medicine questionnaire (BMQ), and the patients' perception of medication information adequacy. Results. Of the 408 participants, 56.9% reported low adherence. Pearson's bivariate correlation showed positive association between MMAS-8 score and BMQ-specific necessity (r = 0.526 P < 0.001) and the perceived information adequacy (r = 0.568 P < 0.001), and there was negative association between adherence score and BMQ specific concerns, general overuse, and harm (r = −0.647, −0.466, and −0.663, resp.) (P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis revealed that age, number of medications, number of medical conditions, specific necessity and concerns beliefs, general harm beliefs, and perceived adequacy of medication information were independent predictor of adherence. Furthermore, specific beliefs explain 27.7% of the variance in adherence, while medication information adequacy explains 32.3% of the variance in adherence. Conclusion. The prevalence of low adherence among patients on long-term medications is high and it is related to negative beliefs about medications and to inadequate information given to patients about their medications.
Exploring the Effect of Word-Scale Visualizations on Reading Behavior

We studied how the integration of small visualizations (word-scale visualizations) into a sentence affects reading speed and memorization during a brief reading task. In particular, we were interested in how different placement types with their inherent text appearance and layout changes affect readers. We designed a quantitative study in which we gave sentences with or without visualizations for participants to read. Then, we invited them to answer questions on the sentences. We found that the information encoded in the visualizations is more prominent and easily remembered than information in the written text, but that different placement options had little to no effect on reading performance, even if participants had different preferences.
Shape analysis with inductive recursion synthesis

Separation logic with recursively defined predicates allows for concise yet precise description of the shapes of data structures. However, most uses of separation logic for program analysis rely on pre-defined recursive predicates, limiting the class of programs analyzable to those that manipulate only a priori data structures. This paper describes a general algorithm based on inductive program synthesis that automatically infers recursive shape invariants, yielding a shape analysis based on separation logic that can be applied to any program. A key strength of separation logic is that it facilitates, via explicit expression of structural separation, local reasoning about heap where the effects of altering one part of a data structure are analyzed in isolation from the rest. The interaction between local reasoning and the global invariants given by recursive predicates is a difficult area, especially in the presence of complex internal sharing in the data structures. Existing approaches, using logic rules specifically designed for the list predicate to unfold and fold linked-lists, again require a priori knowledge about the shapes of the data structures and do not easily generalize to more complex data structures. We introduce a notion of "truncation points" in a recursive predicate, which gives rise to generic algorithms for unfolding and folding arbitrary data structures.
RELATIVE COMPOSITION AND ENERGY SPECTRA OF LIGHT NUCLEI IN COSMIC RAYS: RESULTS FROM AMS-01

Measurement of the chemical and isotopic composition of cosmic rays is essential for the precise understanding of their propagation in the galaxy. While the model parameters are mainly determined using the B/C ratio, the study of extended sets of ratios can provide stronger constraints on the propagation models. In this paper, the relative abundances of light-nuclei lithium, beryllium, boron, and carbon are presented. The secondary-to-primary ratios Li/C, Be/C, and B/C have been measured in the kinetic energy range 0.35–45 GeV nucleon−1. The isotopic ratio 7Li/6Li is also determined in the magnetic rigidity interval 2.5–6.3 GV. The secondary-to-secondary ratios Li/Be, Li/B, and Be/B are also reported. These measurements are based on the data collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer AMS-01 during the STS-91 space shuttle flight in 1998 June. Our experimental results are in substantial agreement with other measurements, where they exist. We describe our light-nuclei data with a diffusive-reacceleration model. A 10%–15% overproduction of Be is found in the model predictions and can be attributed to uncertainties in the production cross-section data.
Adaptive Mobility and Availability of a Mobile Node for Efficient Secret Key Distribution inWireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN) consists of sensor nodes that are networked and are deployed in unattended areas where security is very important. Security is considered as one of the vital issues in the area of sensor networks. This work proposes an efficient scheme that deals with the availability of a mobile node and introduces a session time within which the secured secret key remains valid. The analysis and simulation results showed that the performance of the proposed scheme is better than the existing scheme.
Congestion control for UDP traffic

Development of network-sensing and congestion-control mechanisms is one of the focus topic in the modern society of information as consequence of the huge growth in types of services, data links and connectivity. A monitoring system based on hidden Markov model is proposed and implemented such to interact with distributed Internet generator. Preliminary experiments performed in a real testbed shows excellent results in the ability to manage the source-traffic generation and adapt to the channel conditions.
User resistance evolution in IT projects: A longitudinal analysis of a french high-tech SME

A dual spool seat belt retractor including a housing and lap and shoulder belt retractors mounted therein. An electric switch is provided for controlling an electric signal device, preferably used in conjunction with tension relieving means. The switch is preferably placed in its electrically conductive position in response to a predetermined number of revolutions of the lap belt retractor in the rewind direction.
This Reprint May Differ from the Original in Pagination and Typographic Detail. Effects of Hippocampal State-contingent Trial Presentation on Hippocampus- Dependent Nonspatial Classical Conditioning and Extinction Title: Effects of Hippocampal State-contingent Trial Presentation on Hippocampus- 1 De

All material supplied via JYX is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, and duplication or sale of all or part of any of the repository collections is not permitted, except that material may be duplicated by you for your research use or educational purposes in electronic or print form. You must obtain permission for any other use. Electronic or print copies may not be offered, whether for sale or otherwise to anyone who is not an authorised user. Effects of Hippocampal State-Contingent Trial Presentation on HippocampusDependent Nonspatial Classical Conditioning and Extinction Nokia, Miriam; Wikgren, Jan
Inflammation and the osteogenic regulation of vascular calcification: a review and perspective.

Arterial biomineralization processes have been afflicting humans for ≥5 millennia, as realized in 2003 via the computed tomographic imaging of Otzi, the intriguing “ice mummy” discovered in the Tyrolean Alps.1 Patchy abdominal atherosclerotic calcification was readily detected in the postmortem of this ≈40-year-old hunter of the early Copper Age, by 2000 years a predecessor of King Tutankhamen.1 Today, an epidemic of vascular calcification is emerging within our aging and dysmetabolic populace.2,3 Although vascular calcification was once considered only a passive process of dead and dying cells, work from laboratories worldwide has now highlighted that arterial biomineralization is an actively regulated form of calcified tissue metabolism.4,5 Moreover, as in skeletal development – where unique biology controls matrix mineralization in membranous bone, endochondral bone, dentin, and enamel,6,7 mechanistic diversity exists in the pathobiology of vascular calcium deposition.2,4,5,8 Five common forms of vascular calcification, each possessing unique histoanatomic characteristics and clinical settings with overlapping yet distinct molecular mechanisms, have been described to date4,5,9 (Table 1⇓⇓). Although we touch on the subject, the reader is referred to other contemporary reviews for in-depth consideration of pathogenic differences.2,4,5 View this table: Table 1. Common Histoanatomic Forms of Vascular Calcification and Clinical Settings 2,4,5,11,99 View this table: Table 1. Continued View this table: Table 1. Continued In this brief review and perspective, we recount recent data that emphasize inflammation and oxidative stress signaling as key contributors to the pathogenesis of vascular mineral deposition.10 Furthermore, we highlight differences between the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR)-deficient and apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient murine models (Table 2) that help articulate the multifaceted contributions of dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and uremia to arterial calcium deposition.2,4,11 We end by summarizing the importance of considering these disease stage- and context-specific contributions arterial mineralization when crafting therapeutic strategies to address the disease burden of vascular …
Determinants of Priority Conflict on City School Boards

In this article, the authors use original survey data to test the determinants of priority conflict on urban school boards in the United States. The results indicate that school district demographics, including the percentage of English language learners and education spending per pupil, impact the extent to which urban school board members hold conflicting priorities. In addition, boards whose members indicate they engage in continuous strategic planning exhibit comparably lower levels of priority conflict. The results are of interest to scholars studying the nexus of urban governing boards and performance, as well as practitioners serving on urban governing boards.
A Urinary Metabolite of Phenanthrene as a Biomarker of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolic Activation in Workers Exposed to Residual Oil Fly Ash

Residual oil fly ash is a chemically complex combustion product containing a significant component of potentially carcinogenic transition metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Various biomarkers of PAH exposure have been investigated previously, most notably 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), in urine. In this study, we assessed the utility of r-1,t-2,3,c-4-tetrahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene (trans, anti-PheT), a metabolite of phenanthrene, to detect occupational PAH exposure. Urine samples collected across the workweek were analyzed for 1-OHP and trans, anti-PheT in boilermakers (n = 20) exposed to residual oil fly ash. Median baseline urinary trans, anti-PheT concentrations were 0.50 μg/g creatinine in current tobacco smokers and 0.39 μg/g creatinine in nonsmokers. Median baseline urinary 1-OHP concentrations in smokers and nonsmokers were 0.31 and 0.13 μg/g creatinine, respectively. To study further the effect of smoking exposure on the urinary PAH markers, urinary cotinine was used. Although urinary trans, anti-PheT and 1-OHP concentrations were correlated (Spearman r = 0.63; P < 0.001) for all subjects, the regression coefficient between log-transformed trans, anti-PheT and log 1-OHP was statistically significant only for subjects with low levels of urinary cotinine or for nonsmokers. Each 1-unit increase in log 1-OHP was associated with a 0.77-unit increase (95% confidence interval, 0.45-1.09) in log trans, anti-PheT in subjects with low levels of urinary cotinine (P < 0.001). In these subjects, dichotomized occupational exposure status was a significant predictor of log trans, anti-PheT (P = 0.02) but not of log 1-OHP (P = 0.2). In conclusion, we found that urinary trans, anti-PheT was detected in levels comparable with 1-OHP in occupationally exposed workers, particularly nonsmokers. This study shows that urinary trans, anti-PheT may be an effective biomarker of uptake and metabolic activation of PAHs.
Exploration of Factors Perceived to Influence Development of Diagnostic Reasoning in Athletic Trainers and Athletic Training Students.

Context: Diagnostic reasoning is acknowledged as a vital skill for medical practice, but research regarding this core aspect of medical cognition as it pertains to athletic training contexts is scarce. To compare athletic training–specific clinical reasoning skills with those of other health care practitioners, educators need to better understand how athletic trainers (ATs) think, what helps them think better, and what may hinder their thinking skills as related to diagnostic reasoning challenges in the clinical context. Objective: To conduct a preliminary investigation into ATs' and undergraduate athletic training students' perceptions about their diagnostic reasoning processes. Secondarily, to identify and compare activities or practices that may influence individual diagnostic reasoning abilities. Design: Qualitative research. Setting: Online interviews. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty-three participants (11 ATs, 12 senior-level athletic training students) were convenience sampled from a pool of.
Successful Tricuspid Valve Replacement in a Patient with Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Preserved Right Ventricular Systolic Function

A 56-year-old patient with severe pulmonary hypertension developed severe tricuspid regurgitation, right-sided heart failure, and congestive hepatopathy. She was transferred for possible lung transplant and/or tricuspid valve surgery. Clinical and echocardiographic assessment provided confidence that acute tricuspid valve failure was responsible for the decompensation and that tricuspid valve replacement despite pulmonary hypertension could be performed.
On the performance of successive interference cancellation in D2D-enabled cellular networks

Device-to-device (D2D) communication underlaying cellular networks is a promising technology to improve network resource utilization. In D2D-enabled cellular networks, the interference among spectrum-sharing links is more severer than that in traditional cellular networks, which motivates the adoption of interference cancellation techniques such as successive interference cancellation (SIC) at the receivers. However, to date, how SIC can affect the performance of D2D-enabled cellular networks is still unknown. In this paper, we present an analytical framework for studying the performance of SIC in large-scale D2D-enabled cellular networks using the tools from stochastic geometry. To facilitate the interference analysis, we propose the approach of stochastic equivalence of the interference, which converts the two-tier interference (interference from both the cellular tier and D2D tier) to an equivalent single-tier interference. Based on the proposed stochastic equivalence models, we derive the general expressions for the successful transmission probabilities of cellular uplinks and D2D links with infinite and finite SIC capabilities respectively. We demonstrate how SIC affects the performance of large-scale D2D-enabled cellular networks by both analytical and numerical results.
Spousal care-giving arrangements in Europe. The role of gender, socio-economic status and the welfare state

Abstract Spouses (and partners) are the most important source of care in old age. Informal care for frail spouses is provided by both sexes and across all socio-economic backgrounds and welfare policy contexts. There are, however, interesting differences as to whether spouses care alone, receive informal support from other family members or formal support from professional helpers, or outsource the care of their spouse completely. The present article contributes to the literature by differentiating between solo spousal care-giving and shared or outsourced care-giving arrangements, as well as between formal and informal care support. Moreover, we show how care-giving arrangements vary with gender, socio-economic status and welfare policy. Adding to previous research, we compare 17 countries and their expenditures on two elder-care schemes: Cash-for-Care and Care-in-Kind. The empirical analyses draw on the most recent wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) data from 2015. Our results show that men have a higher propensity to share care-giving than women, albeit only with informal supporters. As expected, welfare policy plays a role insofar as higher expenditure on Cash-for-Care schemes encourage informally outsourced care-giving arrangements, whereas Care-in-Kind reduce the likelihood for informally shared or outsourced care-giving arrangements. Moreover, the influence of these welfare policy measures differs between individuals of different socio-economic status but not between men and women.
BLE-based collaborative indoor localization with adaptive multi-lateration and mobile encountering

The demands on indoor localization services have grown explosively due to increasing popularity of mobile devices. Though various techniques based on wireless signals have been proposed, the new Bluetooth 4.0 and 4.1 technologies introduce both opportunities and challenges for localization. Like all wireless signals, the fluctuations caused by hardware conditions and environmental dynamics may deteriorate the accuracy of localization. Therefore, we propose to use adaptive ranging, which utilizes inter-beacon measurements to “sense” the transient device and environmental conditions, and adjust the parameters of signal propagation model. In this research, we apply this concept to multi-lateration and mobile encountering for localization using Bluetooth advertisements. We also validate that with the proposed adaptive ranging techniques, the impacts of signal fluctuations caused by hardware and environmental conditions can be greatly decreased. Furthermore, we combine the adaptive multi-lateration, encountering mechanism and pedestrian dead-reckoning with a particle filter (PF) framework to generate our localization results. Finally, two sets of experiments are performed in a department building. The overall improvement in accuracy is approximately 19.99% using our adaptive localization when comparing to the conventional non-adaptive methods.
Significance of the microbiome in obstructive lung disease

The composition of the lung microbiome contributes to both health and disease, including obstructive lung disease. Because it has been estimated that over 70% of the bacterial species on body surfaces cannot be cultured by currently available techniques, traditional culture techniques are no longer the gold standard for microbial investigation. Advanced techniques that identify bacterial sequences, including the 16S ribosomal RNA gene, have provided new insights into the depth and breadth of microbiota present both in the diseased and normal lung. In asthma, the composition of the microbiome of the lung and gut during early childhood development may play a key role in the development of asthma, while specific airway microbiota are associated with chronic asthma in adults. Early bacterial stimulation appears to reduce asthma susceptibility by helping the immune system develop lifelong tolerance to innocuous antigens. By contrast, perturbations in the microbiome from antibiotic use may increase the risk for asthma development. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bacterial colonisation has been associated with a chronic bronchitic phenotype, increased risk of exacerbations, and accelerated loss of lung function. In cystic fibrosis, studies utilising culture-independent methods have identified associations between decreased bacterial community diversity and reduced lung function; colonisation with Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been associated with the presence of certain CFTR mutations. Genomic analysis of the lung microbiome is a young field, but has the potential to define the relationship between lung microbiome composition and disease course. Whether we can manipulate bacterial communities to improve clinical outcomes remains to be seen.
Learning Type, Learning Motivation, and Grade Performance Achievement of Students in Vocational Higher Education

Learners have different ways of understanding a subject matter. Teacher adjustment to the characteristics of learners greatly helps learners in achieving mastery learning. Learners who are highly motivated in learning have a great opportunity in obtaining high learning achievement. The purpose of this study was: 1) to describe the learning type of students. 2) to explain the learning motivation of students. 3) to describe the students' GPA based on their learning type. 4) to explain the influence of learning type of learners to the students' GPA. 5) to describe the influence of learning motivation on the students' GPA. 6) to explain the effect simultaneously between the types of learning and learning motivation on the students' cumulative achievement index. This research is a survey research. The subject of this research was the students of the department of civil and planning engineering education Universitas Negeri Makassar. Data were collected using a questionnaire and documentation. The data was analyzed descriptively and inferential analysis. The results showed: first, Students in the department of civil and planning engineering education Universitas Negeri Makassar had dominant in kinesthetic learning types, and 81% of them were women. Second, 90% of learners have high learning motivation, although there are still learners have low learning motivation. Third, Learners with Visual learning types have the highest GPA compared to other types of learning such as Auditorial and Kinaesthetic. Forth, The type of visual learning has a positive and significant influence on the GPA, while the auditory and kinesthetic learning types do not affect. Fifth, The motivation of learning has a positive and significant influence on the GPA. Sixth, The type of learning and motivation to learn simultaneously provides a positive and significant impact on the GPA. Keywords—Skills learning type, learning motivation, vocational higher education
A Taxonomy of Compositional Adaptation Technical Report MSU-CSE-04-17 May 2004 ( Updated July 2004 )

Driven by the emergence of pervasive computing and the increasing need for self-managed systems, many approaches have been proposed for building software that can dynamically adapt to its environment. These adaptations involve not only changes in program flow, but also run-time recomposition of the software itself. We discuss the supporting technologies that enable dynamic recomposition and classify different approaches according to how, when and where recomposition occurs. We also highlight key challenges that need to be addressed to realize the full potential of run-time adaptable software. This survey is intended to be a living document, updated periodically to summarize and classify new contributions to the field. The document is maintained under the RAPIDware project web site, specifically, at http://www.cse. msu.edu/rapidware/survey.