Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Postpartum Depression: An Update

BackgroundApproximately 13% of women experience postpartum depression. Early recognition is one of the most difficult challenges with this mood disorder because of how covertly it is suffered. ObjectivesThe purpose of this meta-analysis was to update the findings of an earlier meta-analysis of postpartum depression predictors that had synthesized the results of studies conducted mostly in the 1980s. MethodA meta-analysis of 84 studies published in the decade of the 1990s was conducted to determine the magnitude of the relationships between postpartum depression and various risk factors. Using the software system Advanced Basic Meta-Analysis, effect sizes were calculated three ways: unweighted, weighted by sample size, and weighted by quality index score. ResultsThirteen significant predictors of postpartum depression were revealed. Ten of the 13 risk factors had moderate effect sizes while three predictors had small effect sizes. The mean effect size indicator ranges for each risk factor were as follows: prenatal depression (.44 to .46), self esteem (.45 to. 47), childcare stress (.45 to .46), prenatal anxiety (.41 to .45), life stress (.38 to .40), social support (.36 to .41), marital relationship (.38 to .39), history of previous depression (.38 to .39), infant temperament (.33 to .34), maternity blues (.25 to .31), marital status (.21 to .35), socioeconomic status (.19 to .22), and unplanned/unwanted pregnancy (.14 to .17). ConclusionsResults confirmed findings of an earlier meta-analysis and in addition revealed four new predictors of postpartum depression: self-esteem, marital status, socioeconomic status, and unplanned/unwanted pregnancy.
Coordinated and reversible reduction of enzymes involved in terminal oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle mitochondria from a riboflavin‐responsive, multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency patient

In this case report we studied alterations in mitochondrial proteins in a patient suffering from recurrent profound muscle weakness, associated with ethylmalonic‐adipic aciduria, who had benefited from high dose of riboflavin treatment. Morphological and biochemical alterations included muscle lipid accumulation, low muscle carnitine content, reduction in fatty acid β‐oxidation and reduced activity of complexes I and II of the respiratory chain. Riboflavin therapy partially or totally reversed these symptoms and increased the level of muscle flavin adenine dinucleotide, suggesting that aberrant flavin cofactor metabolism accounted for the disease. Proteomic investigation of muscle mitochondria revealed decrease or absence of several flavoenzymes, enzymes related to flavin cofactor‐dependent mitochondrial pathways and mitochondrial or mitochondria‐associated calcium‐binding proteins. All these deficiencies were completely rescued after riboflavin treatment. This study indicates for the first time a profound involvement of riboflavin/flavin cofactors in modulating the level of a number of functionally coordinated polypeptides involved in fatty acyl‐CoA and amino acid metabolism, extending the number of enzymatic pathways altered in riboflavin‐responsive multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.
Conjugate adaptive optics in widefield microscopy with an extended-source wavefront sensor

Adaptive optics is a strategy to compensate for sample-induced aberrations in microscopy applications. Generally, it requires the presence of "guide stars" in the sample to serve as localized reference targets. We describe an implementation of conjugate adaptive optics that is amenable to widefield (i.e. non-scanning) microscopy, and can provide aberration corrections over potentially large fields of view without the use of guide stars. A unique feature of our implementation is that it is based on wavefront sensing with a single-shot partitioned-aperture sensor that provides large dynamic range compatible with extended samples. Combined information provided by this sensor and the imaging camera enable robust image de-blurring based on a rapid estimation of sample and aberrations obtained by closed-loop feedback. We present the theoretical principle of our technique and proof of concept experimental demonstrations.
The Pragmatics of Indirect Commands in Collaborative Discourse

Today's artificial assistants are typically prompted to perform tasks through direct, imperative commands such as \emph{Set a timer} or \emph{Pick up the box}. However, to progress toward more natural exchanges between humans and these assistants, it is important to understand the way non-imperative utterances can indirectly elicit action of an addressee. In this paper, we investigate command types in the setting of a grounded, collaborative game. We focus on a less understood family of utterances for eliciting agent action, locatives like \emph{The chair is in the other room}, and demonstrate how these utterances indirectly command in specific game state contexts. Our work shows that models with domain-specific grounding can effectively realize the pragmatic reasoning that is necessary for more robust natural language interaction with robots.
Navigation issues in hypertext: documenting complex hierarchies with HTML frames

studies have been undertaken. However, results of studies concerning the advantages of today’s Hypertext systems over their paper-based counterparts have shown that many problems still need to be solved if Hypertext is to fulfill its promises. The Hypertext medium can present few to many advantages over the paper medium, depending on the task to be performed. We believe that documentation is an area in which Hypertext should have many advantages over paper. Because of its very mture, documentation is well suited to non-linear format. Documentation users are typically looking for specific topics and are not likely to read the document from cover to cover.
Online Peer-to-peer Lending Decision Making: Model Development and Testing

We explored lenders’ decision-making processes in online peer-to-peer (P2P) lending by drawing on trust theory and the valence framework to develop an integrated decision- making model, which we then tested empirically using data from a survey conducted with 474 online lenders in China. The results showed that initial trust and perceived benefit determined willingness to lend, and that the fear of borrower opportunism did not have a significant impact on this willingness. Initial trust increased willingness to lend both directly and indirectly, increased it by increasing perceived benefit. We have identified the specific features of online P2P lending and provided valuable insights for borrowers, lenders, and intermediaries.
Mandatory Disclosure Reform, Monitoring, and Executive Compensation

Using the mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), we examine whether an exogenously imposed disclosure reform that increases the amount of information affects the level of executive compensation. Extant theories suggest that disclosure reforms could either raise or lower compensation. Increased disclosure improves monitoring, reducing managers’ informational advantage and opportunities for private benefits leading executives to seek increased explicit compensation. Alternatively, more disclosure allows shareholders to better observe managers’ effort and evaluate their ability, potentially reducing the risk and level of compensation. Using a difference-in-differences approach and multiple control groups, we examine CEO and CFO compensation from 45 countries (28 IFRS-adopting and 17 non-adopting) between 2001 and 2012. We find results consistent with compensation increasing after IFRS adoption implying a net reduction in managers’ informational advantage and private benefits. We also provide cross-sectional evidence suggesting the increase is related to improved monitoring ability under IFRS.
Mobile Group Dynamics in Large-Scale Collaborative Virtual Environments

We have developed techniques called mobile group dynamics (MGDs), which help groups of people to work together while they travel around large-scale virtual environments. MGDs explicitly showed the groups that people had formed themselves into, and helped people move around together and communicate over extended distances. The techniques were evaluated in the context of an urban planning application, by providing one batch of participants with MGDs and another with an interface based on conventional collaborative virtual environments (CVEs). Participants with MGDs spent nearly twice as much time in close proximity (within 10m of their nearest neighbor), communicated seven times more than participants with a conventional interface, and exhibited real-world patterns of behavior such as staying together over an extended period of time and regrouping after periods of separation. The study has implications for CVE designers, because it shows how MGDs improves groupwork in CVEs.
Fulfilling the Needs for Information Security Awareness and Learning in Information Society

In information society and business world, there are different levels of needs for information security awareness and learning, e.g. the needs for ordinary citizens, business leaders, and experts. Users of information systems – factually all members of society – should have at least basic literacy of information security. In the day-to-day business life, advanced skills of information security awareness are needed by business managers. At the expert level, the developers of technical and organizational solutions for the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) need to have a wide understanding of information security threats and opportunities and related solutions. Information security officers or managers have a key role in organizations in developing and maintaining their organizations’ systematic approach of information security according to the organizations’ business needs. It is essential that the learning methodologies can answer to the needs of all different actors in society. In this paper, we analyze these needs and the type and contents of learning needed and consider the development in training, education and learning from traditional approaches to new challenges.
[Further study on cyclin D1 expression and function in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line].

OBJECTIVE In the present study, we tried to further elucidate the expression and function of cyclin D1 in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell line. METHODS Western blot was used in the analysis of D-type cyclin expression profile. The distribution of this protein was determined in the double parameter flow cytometry (FCM). The function of cyclin D1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line was determined in the antisense-oligonucleotied-cyclin D1 and antibody mediated knock-out experiments. RESULTS The immunoblot analysis of two NPC cell lines showed that the spectra of D-type in NPC cell lines founded their expressions in D1, D2, and D3. It also suggested that the overexpression of cyclin D1 could lead to deregulation of G1/S control. An additional double parameter FCM showed a characteristic variation in HNE1 which was consistent with the cell-cycle oscillation and the peak level expressed in G0/G1 phase and the lowest level in the S-phase. Two experimental approaches aimed at specific functional knock-out of cyclin D1 were employed; the cyclin D1-ASPODN experiment showed an inhibition of cyclin D1 expression at mRNA level and a down-regulated cyclin D1 partial inhibition of progression into S phase, resulting in cell growth arrest while the electroporation of neutralizing antibodies demonstrated a specific delay of S-phase entry in HNE1 and the requirement for the cyclin D1 in cell cycle progression of HNE1 cell line in regulation of G1/S. CONCLUSION These data reveal that the cell-cycle regulatory function of cyclin D1 is essential for cell cycle progression in the G1 of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line and suggest that cyclin D1 play an important role in NPC carcinogenesis.
An Efficient MPI Implementation for Multi-Coreneuromorphic Platforms

Multicore neuromorphic platforms come with a custom library for efficient development of neural network simulations. While these architectures are mainly focused on real-time biological network simulation using detailed neuron models, their application to a wider range of computational tasks is increasing. The reason is their effective support for parallel computation characterised by an intensive communication among processing nodes and their inherent energy efficiency. However, to unlock the full potential of these architectures for a wide range of applications, a library support for a more general computational model has to be developed. This work focuses on the implementation of a standard MPI interface for parallel programming of neuromorphic multicore architectures. The MPI library has been developed on top of the SpiNNaker multi-core neuromorphic platform, featuring a toroid interconnect and packet support for multicast communication. The proposed MPI implementation has been evaluated using an N-body simulation kernel, showing very good efficiency and suggesting that the considered neuromorphic platform with our MPI library is very promising for communication-intensive applications.
Imaging genetics and development: Challenges and promises

Excitement with the publication of the human genome has served as catalyst for scientists to uncover the functions of specific genes. The main avenues for understanding gene function have been in behavioral genetics on one end and on the other end, molecular mouse models. Attempts to bridge these approaches have used brain imaging to conveniently link anatomical abnormalities seen in knockout/transgenic mouse models and abnormal patterns of brain activity seen in humans. Although a convenient approach, this article provides examples of challenges for imaging genetics, its application to developmental questions, and promises for future directions. Attempts to link genes, brain, and behavior using behavioral genetics, imaging genetics, and mouse models of behavior are described. Each of these approaches alone, provide limited information on gene function in complex human behavior, but together, they are forming bridges between animal models and human psychiatric disorders. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impulsivity in Multiplayer Online Battle Arena Gamers: Preliminary Results on Experimental and Self-Report Measures

Background and aims Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games have become the most popular type of video games played worldwide, superseding the playing of Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games and First-Person Shooter games. However, empirical studies focusing on the use and abuse of MOBA games are still very limited, particularly regarding impulsivity, which is an indicator of addictive states but has not yet been explored in MOBA games. In this context, the objective of the present study is to explore the associations between impulsivity and symptoms of addictive use of MOBA games in a sample of highly involved League of Legends (LoL, currently the most popular MOBA game) gamers. Methods Thirty-six LoL gamers were recruited and completed both experimental (Single Key Impulsivity Paradigm) and self-reported impulsivity assessments (s-UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale), in addition to an assessment of problematic video game use (Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire). Results Results showed links between impulsivity-related constructs and signs of excessive MOBA game involvement. Findings indicated that impaired ability to postpone rewards in an experimental laboratory task was strongly related to problematic patterns of MOBA game involvement. Although less consistent, several associations were also found between self-reported impulsivity traits and signs of excessive MOBA game involvement. Conclusions Despite these results are preliminary and based upon a small (self-selected) sample, the present study highlights potential psychological factors related to the addictive use of MOBA games.
A Systematic Review of Studies Measuring and Reporting Hearing Aid Usage in Older Adults since 1999: A Descriptive Summary of Measurement Tools

Objective A systematic review was conducted to identify and quality assess how studies published since 1999 have measured and reported the usage of hearing aids in older adults. The relationship between usage and other dimensions of hearing aid outcome, age and hearing loss are summarised. Data sources Articles were identified through systematic searches in PubMed/MEDLINE, The University of Nottingham Online Catalogue, Web of Science and through reference checking. Study eligibility criteria: (1) participants aged fifty years or over with sensori-neural hearing loss, (2) provision of an air conduction hearing aid, (3) inclusion of hearing aid usage measure(s) and (4) published between 1999 and 2011. Results Of the initial 1933 papers obtained from the searches, a total of 64 were found eligible for review and were quality assessed on six dimensions: study design, choice of outcome instruments, level of reporting (usage, age, and audiometry) and cross validation of usage measures. Five papers were rated as being of high quality (scoring 10–12), 35 papers were rated as being of moderate quality (scoring 7–9), 22 as low quality (scoring 4–6) and two as very low quality (scoring 0–2). Fifteen different methods were identified for assessing the usage of hearing aids. Conclusions Generally, the usage data reviewed was not well specified. There was a lack of consistency and robustness in the way that usage of hearing aids was assessed and categorised. There is a need for more standardised level of reporting of hearing aid usage data to further understand the relationship between usage and hearing aid outcomes.
Pan-Planets: Searching for hot Jupiters around cool dwarfs

The Pan-Planets survey observed an area of 42 sq deg. in the galactic disk for about 165 h. The main scientific goal of the project is the detection of transiting planets around M dwarfs. We establish an efficient procedure for determining the stellar parameters T-eff and log g of all sources using a method based on SED fitting, utilizing a three-dimensional dust map and proper motion information. In this way we identify more than 60 000 M dwarfs, which is by far the largest sample of low-mass stars observed in a transit survey to date. We present several planet candidates around M dwarfs and hotter stars that are currently being followed up. Using Monte Carlo simulations we calculate the detection efficiency of the Pan-Planets survey for different stellar and planetary populations. We expect to find 3.0(-1.6)(+3.3) hot Jupiters around F, G, and K dwarfs with periods lower than 10 days based on the planet occurrence rates derived in previous surveys. For M dwarfs, the percentage of stars with a hot Jupiter is under debate. Theoretical models expect a lower occurrence rate than for larger main sequence stars. However, radial velocity surveys find upper limits of about 1% due to their small sample, while the Kepler survey finds a occurrence rate that we estimate to be at least 0.17((+0.67)(-0.04))%, making it even higher than the determined fraction from OGLE-III for E, G and K stellar types, 0.140((+0.67)(-0.076))%. With the large sample size of Pan-Planets, we are able to determine an occurrence rate of 0.11((+0.37)(-0.02))% in case one of our candidates turns out to be a real detection. If, however, none of our candidates turn out to be true planets, we are able to put an upper limit of 0.34% with a 95% confidence on the hot Jupiter occurrence rate of M dwarfs. This limit is a significant improvement over previous estimates where the lowest limit published so far is 1.1% found in the WFCAM Transit Survey. Therefore we cannot yet confirm the theoretical prediction of a lower occurrence rate for cool stars.
Monitoring wild animal communities with arrays of motion sensitive camera traps

Studying animal movement and distribution is of critical importance to addressing environmental challenges including invasive species, infectious diseases, climate and land-use change. Motion sensitive camera traps offer a visual sensor to record the presence of a broad range of species providing location -specific information on movement and behavior. Modern digital camera traps that record video present new analytical opportunities, but also new data management challenges. This paper describes our experience with a terrestrial animal monitoring system at Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Our camera network captured the spatio-temporal dynamics of terrestrial bird and mammal activity at the site - data relevant to immediate science questions, and long-term conservation issues. We believe that the experience gained and lessons learned during our year long deployment and testing of the camera traps as well as the developed solutions are applicable to broader sensor network applications and are valuable for the advancement of the sensor network research. We suggest that the continued development of these hardware, software, and analytical tools, in concert, offer an exciting sensor-network solution to monitoring of animal populations which could realistically scale over larger areas and time spans.
The Effects of Alarm Mistrust and Signal Duration on Alarm Reactions and Perception of Alarm Validity

Researchers have begun examining variables that may moderate the degrading effects of alarm mistrust on alarm reaction performance. We examined alarm systems of varying reliability levels (60 or 80 percent true alarms) that generated either short or long duration alarms. We studied the impact of these variables on participant response frequency and perception of signal validity. The researchers sampled 40 Old Dominion University psychology students. We predicted that participants would rate long duration alarm signals as more representative of a valid signal. We also believed that participants would use the representativeness heuristic as a response strategy. The results partially supported our hypotheses. Participants rated the long duration signals as significantly more representative of a valid signal (p<.001). However, although participants responded significantly more often to long duration alarms (p<.01), participants in the 80% reliability group responded to significantly more alarms than those in the 60% reliability group (p=.02). The performance results are inconsistent with our hypothesis. Although participants perceived the long duration alarms to be more representative than the short, they did not base their response strategy entirely on alarm representativness. Despite these unexpected findings, the results suggest that alarm signal duration has a significant impact on alarm response frequency. Therefore, designers of complex systems may be able to moderate response degradation due to unreliability by designing systems that generate long duration alarm stimuli.
Binocular Disparities, Motion Parallax, and Geometric Perspective in Patrick Hughes's ‘Reverspectives’: Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Findings

Patrick Hughes's ‘reverspective’ artworks provide a novel way of investigating the effectiveness of different sources of 3-D information for the human visual system. Our empirical findings show that the converging lines of simple linear perspective can be as effective as the rich array of 3-D cues present in natural scenes in determining what we see, even when these cues are in conflict with binocular disparities. Theoretical considerations reveal that, once the information provided by motion parallax transformations is correctly understood, there is no need to invoke higher-level processes or an interpretation based on familiarity or past experience in order to explain either the ‘reversed’ depth or the apparent, concomitant rotation of a reverspective artwork as the observer moves from side to side. What we see in reverspectives is the most likely real-world scenario (distal stimulus) that could have created the perspective and parallax transformations (proximal stimulus) that stimulate our visual systems.