Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DNA Damage Signalling and Repair Inhibitors: The Long-Sought-After Achilles’ Heel of Cancer

For decades, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were the two only approaches exploiting DNA repair processes to fight against cancer. Nowadays, cancer therapeutics can be a major challenge when it comes to seeking personalized targeted medicine that is both effective and selective to the malignancy. Over the last decade, the discovery of new targeted therapies against DNA damage signalling and repair has offered the possibility of therapeutic improvements in oncology. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of DNA damage signalling and repair inhibitors, their molecular and cellular effects, and future therapeutic use.
Good computational manners: Mixed-initiative dialog in conversational agents

Polite behavior in intelligent conversational systems requires mixed-initiative dialog. AutoTutor is an intelligent tutoring system in which several of these c onversational skills are implemented. This paper discusses some aspects of mixed-initiative dialog, as implemented in AutoTutor ranging from discourse markers, dialog moves and speech acts to question answering. In addition some of the studies will be reported that show the effectiveness of AutoTutor’s conversational skills on pedagogy, conversational smoothness and learning gains.
Angular clustering in the SUMSS radio survey

We measure the angular correlation function of radio galaxies selected by the 843 MHz Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS). We find that the characteristic imprint of large-scale structure is clearly detectable, and that the survey is very uniform. Through comparison with similar analyses for other wide-area radio surveys - the 1400 MHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) and the 325 MHz Westerbork Northern Sky Survey (WENSS) - we are able to derive consistent angular clustering parameters, including a steep slope for the clustering function, $w(\theta) \propto \theta^{-1.1}$. We revise upwards previous estimates of the NVSS clustering amplitude, and find no evidence for dependence of clustering properties on radio frequency. It is important to incorporate the full covariance matrix when fitting parameters to the measured correlation function. Once the redshift distribution for mJy radio galaxies has been determined, these projected clustering measurements will permit a robust description of large-scale structure at $z \sim 0.8$, the median redshift of the sources.
Globus GridFTP: What's New in 2007 (Invited Paper)

GridFTP is a high-performance, secure, reliable data transfer protocol optimized for high-bandwidth wide-area networks. It is based on the Internet FTP protocol, and it defines extensions for high-performance operation and security. The Globus implementation of GridFTP provides a software suite optimized for the gamut of data access issues—from bulk file transfer to the details of getting data out of complex storage systems within sites. We summarize some recent developments in Globus GridFTP.
Bibliometric Landscape of the ACM Digital Library

Social network analysis is an active research ﬁeld in the social sciences where researchers try to understand social inﬂuence and groupings of a set of people or groups. Its origin is in general believed to be due to S. Milgram [9] in 1967 who identiﬁed the so-called “ six degrees of separation ” phenomenon based on the results of an experiment: any two people in the United States are connected through about 6 intermediate acquaintances, implying we live in a rather small-world . Since then, sociologists and psychologists have found evidence for a wide range of small-world phenomena arising in other social and physical networks (e
Allelic discrimination for single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human scavenger receptor class B type 1 gene locus using fluorescent probes.

The scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-BI), a multiligand receptor, appears to be a physiologically relevant HDL receptor in rodents (1)(2). To determine its role in humans, the human SRB1 gene has been characterized (3)(4) and its genetic variation investigated in a Caucasian population (4). We have reported three variants, at exons 1 and 8 and intron 5, with allele frequencies >0.1 that have significant associations with lipid and anthropometric variables (4). The exon 1 variant (G→A) was associated with a favorable, antiatherogenic lipid profile in men. Women carriers of the intron 5 variant (C→T) showed a higher body mass index ( P = 0.031) than those women homozygous for the common (wild-type) allele. The exon 8 variant (C→T) was associated with lower LDL-cholesterol concentrations compared with those homozygous for the common (wild-type) allele. All three variants were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and genotyping was carried out by restriction digestion with Alu I, Hae III, and Apa I for exon 1, exon 8, and intron 5, respectively. Because these are the first published associations indicating that SR-BI may play a role in lipid metabolism, these observations need to be examined and confirmed in other populations. Traditionally, genotyping for genetic mutations has been analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion …
Effects of solutes on solubilization and refolding of proteins from inclusion bodies with high hydrostatic pressure

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP)‐mediated solubilization and refolding of five inclusion bodies (IBs) produced from bacteria, three Gram‐negative binding proteins (GNBP1, GNBP2, and GNBP3) from Drosophila, and two phosphatases from human were investigated in combination of a redox‐shuffling agent (2 mM DTT and 6 mM GSSG) and various additives. HHP (200 MPa) combined with the redox‐shuffling agent resulted in solubilization yields of ∼42%–58% from 1 mg/mL of IBs. Addition of urea (1 and 2 M), 2.5 M glycerol, L‐arginine (0.5 M), Tween 20 (0.1 mM), or Triton X‐100 (0.5 mM) significantly enhanced the solubilization yield for all proteins. However, urea, glycerol, and nonionic surfactants populated more soluble oligomeric species than monomeric species, whereas arginine dominantly induced functional monomeric species (∼70%–100%) to achieve refolding yields of ∼55%–78% from IBs (1 mg/mL). Our results suggest that the combination of HHP with arginine is most effective in enhancing the refolding yield by preventing aggregation of partially folded intermediates populated during the refolding. Using the refolded proteins, the binding specificity of GNBP2 and GNBP3 was newly identified the same as with that of GNBP1, and the enzymatic activities of the two phosphatases facilitates their further characterization.
Introducing Relativity in GNSS

Nowadays, the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), working like global positioning systems, are the GPS and the GLONASS. They are based on a newtonian model and hence they are only operative when several relativistic effects are corrected. The most important relativistic effects (to order 1/c 2) are: the Einstein effect or gravitational violet shift of the frequency of the clock of the satellite (Equivalence principle of General Relativity) and the Doppler red shift of second order, due to the movement of the satellite (Special Relativity). On the other hand, in the next years the Galileo system will be constructed, copying the GPS System if there is not an alternative project. In this work, it will be also exposed that there is one alternative to the mere copy by means of the SYPOR project, using fully relativistic concepts. According to the SYPOR project, the Galileo system would be exact and without need of corrections.
Knowledge discovery in simulation data: A case study of a gold mining facility

Discrete event simulation is an established methodology for investigating the dynamic behavior of complex systems. Apart from conventional simulation studies, which focus on single model aspects and answering specific analysis questions, new methods of broad scale experiment design and analysis emerge in alignment with new possibilities of computation and data processing. This paper outlines a visually aided process for knowledge discovery in simulation data which is applied onto a real world case study of a mining facility in Western Australia.
An Adaptive Software and Systems Architecture for Driver Assistance Systems based on Service Orientation

State of the art automotive software systems presume a static configuration of electronic control units and software components. Assuming that future Driver Assistance Systems (DAS) will deploy dynamically changing software configurations, the authors propose an approach towards an adaptive software and systems architecture for DAS. The paper focuses on systems, which assist the driver while backing up truck and trailer combinations. These systems are characterized by a high degree of distribution as well as a high level of heterogeneity and changeability even at runtime. In order to meet these demands, the authors suggest the usage of service orientation combined with software agents. The functional units of these systems are encapsulated in services which are dynamically orchestrated by the agents whenever the system changes. This paper describes the ideas of this approach using a real world example. It also names and classifies the scenarios of re-configuration. The article concludes with a lookout on the future work within this project.
Purkinje cell stripes and long-term depression at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse

The cerebellar cortex comprises a stereotyped array of transverse zones and parasagittal stripes, built around multiple Purkinje cell subtypes, which is highly conserved across birds and mammals. This architecture is revealed in the restricted expression patterns of numerous molecules, in the terminal fields of the afferent projections, in the distribution of interneurons, and in the functional organization. This review provides an overview of cerebellar architecture with an emphasis on attempts to relate molecular architecture to the expression of long-term depression (LTD) at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell (pf-PC) synapse.
Sequential action of Caenorhabditis elegans Rab GTPases regulates phagolysosome formation during apoptotic cell degradation

Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells requires recognition of cell corpses followed by internalization and enclosure within plasma membrane-derived phagosomes. Phagosomes undergo maturation to generate phagolysosomes in which cell corpses are degraded; however, regulation of the maturation process is poorly understood. Here, we identified Rab GTPase 14, which regulates apoptotic cell degradation in Caenorhabditis elegans. rab-14 mutants accumulate many persistent cell corpses owing to defective cell corpse clearance. Loss of rab-14 function affects several steps of phagosome maturation including phagosomal acidification and phagolysosome formation. RAB-14 and UNC-108/RAB2 are recruited to phagosomes at a similar stage and function redundantly to regulate phagosome maturation. Three Rabs, RAB-14, UNC-108/RAB2, and RAB-7, act in sequential steps to control phagolysosome formation. RAB-14 and UNC-108 recruit lysosomes, whereas RAB-7 mediates fusion of lysosomes to phagosomes. Our data reveal the sequential action of Rab GTPases in regulating tethering, docking, and fusion of lysosomes to apoptotic cell-containing phagosomes.
Job Search Networks and Ethnic Segregation in the Workplace 1

This paper presents novel evidence on the existence and productivity of referral-based job search networks of ethnic minority workers. Using unique matched employer-employee data, we flrst show that minority workers are considerably more likely to work with workers from the same minority group (i.e. with workers who are likely to be network members) than they are with majority workers or with workers from other minority groups. We then provide evidence that ethnic minority workers earn higher wages, and are less likely to leave their flrms, if they work in flrms with a higher share of co-workers of the same minority group and are therefore more likely to have obtained the job through a referral. The wage efiect is particularly pronounced for young workers whose productivity is more uncertain, strongest for workers who have just entered the flrm, and amplifled if the co-workers from the same minority group are better educated. These flndings support the hypothesis that, through referrals, job search networks help to reduce informational deflciencies in the labor market and lead to productivity gains for workers.
Ma hine Dis overies: A Few Simple, Robust Lo al Expression Prin iples

The paper presents a new approa h to dis overing general rules of expressive musi performan e from real performan e data via indu tive ma hine learning. A new learning algorithm is brie(cid:13)y presented, and then an experiment with a very large data set (performan es of 13 Mozart piano sonatas) is des ribed. The new learning algorithm su eeds in dis overing some extremely simple and general prin iples of musi al performan e (at the level of individual notes), in the form of ategori al predi tion rules. These rules turn out to be very robust and general: when tested on performan es by a di(cid:11)erent pianist and even on musi of a di(cid:11)erent style (Chopin), they exhibit a surprisingly high degree of predi tive a ura y.
Le 231 Pa and 230 Th in surface sediments of the Arctic Ocean : Implications for 231 Pa / 230 Th fractionation , boundary scavenging , and advective export

Activities of Pa and Th in surface sediments from the Arctic Ocean and Greenland–Norwegian Seas are used to examine the redistribution of these water-column produced tracers between the low productivity interior basins and high particle flux marginal areas. Sediment 231Paxs/ 230Thxs ratios throughout the Canadian and Eurasian Basins and the high particle flux Chukchi slope region are essentially invariant (average=0.063F0.014, N=39) and significantly below the water column production ratio (0.093). Paxs/ Thxs ratios are also below the production ratio in the seasonally high productivity Greenland–Norwegian Sea basins (average=0.082F0.024, N=13), though they are ~ 30% higher than the interior Arctic. The low sediment 231Paxs/ 230Thxs ratios are attributed to the net export of ~ 39% of dissolved Pa produced in intermediate/deep waters, as opposed to ~ 10% of Th, through Fram Strait. The negligible Th export, combined with the reported low 230Thxs inventory of basin sediments and high 230Thxs inventory in Chukchi slope sediments, points to significant boundary scavenging of Th in the Arctic. The invariant 231Paxs/ 230Thxs ratios further indicate that scavenging of Th is comparable to Pa (i.e., fractionation to a similar degree between the two nuclides) in both the interior basins and margins. Thus, while significant boundary scavenging of both Pa and Th occurs in the Arctic, there is a distinct lack of basin-margin
Randomization, Relaxation, and Complexity

Systems of polynomial equations arise naturally in applications ranging from the study of chemical reactions to coding theory to geometry and number theory. Furthermore, the complexity of the equations we wish to solve continues to rise: while engineers in ancient Egypt needed to solve quadratic equations in one variable, today we have applications in satellite orbit design and combustive fluid flow hinging on the solution of systems of polynomial equations involving dozens or even thousands of variables.
Open Government and Citizen Participation in Law Enforcement via Crowd Mapping

The authors describe WikiCrimes, a project founded on a website of the same name that aims to offer a common interaction space for the general public where they can note criminal activity and track the locations where such crimes occur. The goal is to encourage collaborative participation that generates useful information for everyone. The authors describe their experience with WikiCrimes, emphasizing the services it provides to citizens and underlining some of the problems they've overcome to date. Their ultimate goal is to help establish a research agenda about the topic by inviting the academic community to embrace WikiCrimes as a platform that bridges citizen participation and open government.
Environment for Datasets Processing and Visualization Using SciDB

When a scientist analyzes certain datasets, there are three common steps—import, visualize, and process data. There are some prevalent tools to visualize and process data, such as Matlab, Powersim, and Stella. However, these tools cannot handle big data. For data management, scientists are pursuing a new generation of Database Management Systems (DBMS) to replace traditional Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS), because RDBMS is good at data management, but does not perform well on raw data and time series data. Furthermore, most of the new tools, such as Hadoop, cannot fulfil scientists’ needs of data management. This paper introduces a web-based application created by us to import, visualize, and process big data. The system offers two methods for users to import data—obtain data from foreign repositories and upload users’ files. We used SciDB for data management, because SciDB is designed for big data and scientific use. We used D3.js and Dygraphs libraries for data visualization, which enable users visualize millions of points without experiencing lag.
Expert driven semi-supervised elucidation tool for medical endoscopic videos

In this paper, we present a novel application for elucidating all kind of videos that require expert knowledge, e.g., sport videos, medical videos etc., focusing on endoscopic surgery and video capsule endoscopy. In the medical domain, the knowledge of experts for tagging and interpretation of videos is of high value. As a result of the stressful working environment of medical doctors, they often simply do not have time for extensive annotations. We therefore present a semi-supervised method to gather the annotations in a very easy and time saving way for the experts and we show how this information can be used later on.
PETERPAN : A Middleware for Deploying Web Services on Distributed Computing System using Peer-to-Peer Paradigm

The Internet has formed the largest computing resource and data repository on this planet. The advent of it greatly benefited us in creating an important building block of the collaborative environment. There are some problems which impedes the success of creating it effectively. From the computing resources view, it is very difficult to permit users to transparently locate and collectively acquire the underlying resources, due to the heterogeneous nature of resources on the Internet. The majority of practical applications on the Internet are still restricted to Web applications which only allow users to interact with Web servers. There are only few applications that are treated for the aforementioned heterogeneity issue. Web services (WS), being one of them, is the trend of the new-era business and scientific applications which support the interoperability of coordinating various implementations. Nevertheless, WS is not ready yet to be deployed on a larger scale. To address the problems, we propose the software layer (middleware) called PETERPAN, which acts as a middle man to interacts with distributed applications on one end and the Internet resources on the other end. This middleware internally promotes the deployment of Web Services on a larger scale by using the Web Service flow control engine to manage the integration of multiple Web Services. Furthermore, to communicate with other resources in a decentralized fashion, PETERPAN adopts Gnutella, a popular peer-to-peer (P2P) protocol. This decentralized paradigm has many advantages over the centralized paradigm when dealing with distributed systems. This paper exhibits the design and implementation of PETERPAN architecture that supports the above issues. For the deployment of the prototype of this design, a PETERPAN module must be installed on each peer where shared resources such as Web Services, data etc., must be registered to itself. Finally, we discuss about possible distributed applications of this middleware to demonstrate the potential of making use of this work to solve existing problems in our society.
Dual bias feed SiGe HBT low noise linear amplifier

A 2 GHz-band SiGe HBT low noise amplifier (LNA) achieving high saturation power and low distortion performance is described. It has a novel diode/resistor dual bias feed circuit for the base of the HBT to extend its P1 dB. In the small signal region, the conventional resistor feed circuit is a dominant base current source, but the in large signal region, the diode turns on and the diode feed circuit can supply base current like a voltage source which allows higher output power and linearity. The fabricated dual feed type LNA shows the P1 dB improvement of 5 dB compared with the conventional resistor feed LNA.
IgG Subclasses and Allotypes: From Structure to Effector Functions

Of the five immunoglobulin isotypes, immunoglobulin G (IgG) is most abundant in human serum. The four subclasses, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, which are highly conserved, differ in their constant region, particularly in their hinges and upper CH2 domains. These regions are involved in binding to both IgG-Fc receptors (FcγR) and C1q. As a result, the different subclasses have different effector functions, both in terms of triggering FcγR-expressing cells, resulting in phagocytosis or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and activating complement. The Fc-regions also contain a binding epitope for the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), responsible for the extended half-life, placental transport, and bidirectional transport of IgG to mucosal surfaces. However, FcRn is also expressed in myeloid cells, where it participates in both phagocytosis and antigen presentation together with classical FcγR and complement. How these properties, IgG-polymorphisms and post-translational modification of the antibodies in the form of glycosylation, affect IgG-function will be the focus of the current review.
Antenna Array Beamforming Technology: Enabling Superior Aeronautical Communication Link Performance

In this paper, we propose the exploitation of array beamforming technology in high-speed aeronautical communication applications, e.g., the integrated Network Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) system. By flexible steering of beams and nulls, an array can enhance desired signals whereas the undesired signals such as interference and jammers are suppressed. The proposed adaptive beamforming technology is DSP-based and network-aware, and is designed for the use at aerial vehicle platforms to increase transmission power efficiency, improve receiving signal sensitivity, mitigate interference/multipath effects, and extend the communication range.