Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Binding of Arachidonic Acid in the Cyclooxygenase Active Site of Mouse Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase-2 (COX-2)

The chemical mandates for arachidonic acid conversion to prostaglandin G2 within the cyclooxygenase (COX) active site predict that the substrate will orient in a kinked or l-shaped conformation. Molecular modeling of arachidonic acid in sheep COX-1 confirms that this L-shaped conformation is possible, with the carboxylate moiety binding to Arg-120 and the ω-end positioned above Ser-530 in a region termed the top channel. Mutations of Gly-533 to valine or leucine in the top channel of mCOX-2 abolished the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin G2, presumably because of a steric clash between the ω-end of the substrate and the introduced side chains. A smaller G533A mutant retained partial COX activity. The loss of COX activity with these mutants was not the result of reduced peroxidase activity, because the activity of all mutants was equivalent to the wild-type enzyme and the addition of exogenous peroxide did not restore full COX activity to any of the mutants. However, the Gly-533 mutants were able to oxidize the carbon 18 fatty acid substrates linolenic acid and stearidonic acid, which contain an allylic carbon at the ω-5 position. In contrast, linoleic acid, which is like arachidonic acid in that its most ω-proximal allylic carbon is at the ω-8 position, was not oxidized by the Gly-533 mutants. Finally, the ability of Gly-533 mutants to efficiently process ω-5 allylic substrates suggests that the top channel does not serve as a product exit route indicating that oxygenated substrate diffuses from the cyclooxygenase active site in a membrane proximal direction.
Aging in the Atherosclerosis Milieu May Accelerate the Consumption of Bone Marrow Endothelial Progenitor Cells

Objective—We have demonstrated that bone marrow cells from young and wild-type (WT), but not old apoE−/−, mice are capable of preventing atherosclerosis. This study was performed to elucidate the numerical and functional changes underlying the efficacy difference between young and old bone marrow. Methods and Results—CD34+/VEGFR2+ conventional endothelial progenitor cells and lin−/cKit+/Sca-1+ hematopoietic stem cells did not differ numerically or functionally between young and old apoE−/− bone marrow. Fluorescence- activated cell sorter analysis, however, showed that a group of cells (simple little cells or SLCs), characteristically located in the lower left quadrant of forward scatter/side scatter flow cytometric plot, were markedly decreased in old WT and apoE−/− marrow, but abundantly present in young WT and apoE−/− bone marrow. The SLC fraction was mainly composed of lin−/cKit−/Sca-1− cells. In vitro differentiation assay demonstrated substantially more efficient endothelial differentiation of lin−/cKit−/Sca-1− SLCs than other bone marrow fractions at a single cell level and en masse. Furthermore, old lin−/cKit−/Sca-1− SLCs had a trend of decreased endothelial differentiation capability. Conclusions—Lin−/cKit−/Sca-1− SLCs may represent a previously unrecognized cell population, enriched for endothelial progenitors. The identification of these cells may help improve the efficacy of cell therapy.
Ablative fractional laser resurfacing: A powerful tool to help restore form and function during international medical exchange

Scars resulting from burns and other sources of trauma are a significant source of morbidity in low and middleincome countries (LMICs). The World Health Organization estimates that in 2004 alone, nearly 11 million people worldwide required medical attention for burns which are a frequent source of debilitating scarring [1]. Ablative fractional laser resurfacing (AFR) is a relatively new but extremely promising tool to assist in the multidisciplinary functional and cosmetic restoration of these patients. Building on initial favorable reports, higher quality retrospective, and prospective studies demonstrating consistent efficacy and safety of the technique in the management of traumatic scars are beginning to accumulate in the literature [2–5]. The range of improvements includes increased range of motion, enhanced texture, color, and pliability, and reduced symptoms such as pain and itch. Importantly, the technique also appears to have favorable results over a wide range of time points, from 2 months to 30 years or more after injury. Accordingly, AFR has the potential to help fill major unmet needs in treatment of patients suffering from traumatic scars worldwide. Dermatologists at the Naval Medical Center San Diego (NMCSD) have employed AFR for over 8 years as an integral part of a comprehensivemultidisciplinary effort to rehabilitate injured service members [6,7]. Multiple members of the department have also successfully applied this expertise as a core component of comprehensive surgical and non-surgical care during international medical exchange, both aboard the hospital ship USNS Mercy and working side by side with host nation physicians in their own facilities. The Mercy is a fully functional mobile hospital with up to 1,000-bed capacity, multiple operating rooms, imaging, and intensive care capabilities. The ship also recently acquired ablative fractional laser technology and includes comprehensive traumatic scar management among its offerings in this setting. In 2015, members of the NMCSD Department of Dermatology deployed aboard the Mercy as part of the annual Pacific Partnership (PP) mission to Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and Vietnam. PP is the largest annual multinational humanitarian and disaster preparedness mission in the Western Pacific, designed to increase collective capacity and improve partnerships in the region. Herein we discuss an illustrative case to demonstrate that AFR may be beneficial whether performed as a series in a rehabilitation center of excellence in the United States, or as a single treatment in the setting of medical exchange or humanitarian relief efforts overseas.
A genetic approach for the reconfiguration of degradable processor arrays

This paper discusses the NP-complete problem of reconfiguring 2D degradable processor arrays under the row and column rerouting constraints. One major drawback of the previous algorithms is that a rerouting scheme to construct logical rows/columns can be applied only in one direction, either row or column direction, to handle the difficulty of this reconfiguration problem. We propose a new approach for the reconfiguration of degradable processor arrays employing a genetic algorithm (GA). The GA is used to evolve rerouting strategies for constructing logical rows/columns. A strategy based rerouting scheme is proposed to reroute the interconnections of fault-free PEs in both row and column directions. The performances of our algorithm are compared with previous studies and it indicates that the proposed algorithm achieves better results in terms of harvest and degradation.
The Journal of Business Strategies: The First Twenty-Five Years

The historical publishing pattern of the Journal of Business Strategies (JBS) isexamined. Authors from 171 institutions have written over 262 articles from spring1984 to fall 2008. Contributions to the journal were studied in terms of numbers ofschools represented, number of authors per article, diversity of articles, breakdownof gender of authors, types of citations, and empirical orientation of the articles.Findings indicate that publications in JBS represent a significant scholarly contributionto the field of business strategy. Few differences were detected between JBS andother selected journals. Recommendations to enhance JBS are based on quantitativeand qualitative analysis.
Reversible in vitro polymerization of tubulin from a cultured cell line (rat glial cell clone C6).

Tubulin from cultures of the rat glial cell clone C6 could be polymerized in vitro into intact microtubules. The polymerization was reversible and spontaneous, i.e., no addition of heterologous nucleation centers was necessary. Two cycles of polymerization/depolymerization yielded tubulin preparations of 95% purity as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electron microscopy was used to show that the microtubules assembled in vitro by two cycles of polymerization/depolymerization were morphologically intact and temperature sensitive. In contrast, tubulin from neuroblastoma cells, clone Neuro-2A, could not be polymerized in a reversible fashion. The discovery of a cell line from which tubulin can be reversibly polymerized in vitro establishes a model system for studies of cell-cycle- and cell-type-dependent regulatory mechanisms controlling the assembly of microtubules.
DISTRIBUTION OF A CROSS-REACTIVE IDIOTYPIC SPECIFICITY IN INBRED STRAINS OF MICE

The expression of an idiotype characteristic of anti-p-azophenylarsonate antibodies of all A/J mice was explored in F1 progeny, in other inbred strains, and in congenic mice. Of the strains tested only those closely related to A/J produced antibodies with the cross-reactive idiotype (CRI). None of the mice synthesized intermediate levels of CRI. No relationship between H-2 type and idiotype was noted. Congenic mice with a strain A background but a different H-2 type produced CRI in amounts quantitatively equivalent to those of strain A mice. Conversely, the presence of the H-2 genotype of strain A on an unrelated background was not associated with the formation of CRI. Nearly all F 1 progeny of strain A mice formed CRI, indicating that failure of the other (non-A) parental strain to produce CRI is not attributable to the presence of a gene controlling the synthesis of a suppressor of CRI. NZB mice, which have the same heavy chain allotype as strain A, but are unrelated in origin, failed to produce CRI, although allotype has been shown to be linked to idiotype in congenic strains.
Mapping Observations of 6.7GHz Methanol Masers with the Japanese VLBI Network

We have observed 13 methanol maser sources associated with massive star-forming regions: W 3(OH), Mon R2, S 255, W 33A, IRAS 18151� 1208, G 24.78+0.08, G 29.95� 0.02, IRAS 18556+0136, W 48, OH 43.8� 0.1, ON 1, Cep A, and NGC 7538 at 6.7 GHz using the Japanese VLBI Network (JVN). Twelve of the thirteen sources were detected at our longest baseline of � 50 M� , and their images are presented. Seven of them are the first VLBI images at 6.7 GHz. The high detection rate and the small fringe spacing of � 4 mas suggest that most of the methanol maser sources have compact structures. Given this compactness as well as the known properties of long life and small internal motion, the methanol maser line is suitable for astrometry with VLBI.
Accurate Intraoperative Localization of Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae with Embolization Coil: Technical Note

SPINAL DURAL ARTERIOVENOUS fistulae represent a potentially curable cause of a progressive myelopathy and therefore should be treated aggressively by either endovascular or surgical methods. In the surgical treatment of these lesions, intraoperative radiographic localization of the site of the fistula can be problematic. We describe an endovascular technique in which radiopaque microcoils are placed in the major feeding artery(ies) after completion of spinal angiography, which then provides a marker that is easily visualized with intraoperative x-rays, allowing effective localization of the site of the fistula.
Sparse representation based pan-sharpening

In this paper, we propose a novel pan-sharpening method which combines classical component substitution with recently developed sparse representation. We explore the sparse representations of multispectral and panchromatic images through two dictionaries which are trained to have the same sparse representations for each high-resolution and low-resolution image patch pair. The merging procedure is implemented in sparse domain. In order to avoid spectral distortion, partial replacement is used to extract details. At the same time, the introducing of dictionary pair also reduces the distortion caused by interpolating the MS at the initialization of the fusion process. As inherent characteristics and structure of signals are reflected better via sparse representation, the proposed method can well preserve spectral and spatial details of the source images. Experimental results on IKONOS and Quickbird images demonstrate our method's superiority in both the spatial resolution improvement and the spectral information preservation.
A system for popular Thai slang extraction from social media content with n-gram based tokenization

With increased penetration of smart devices and internet connectivity, many Thais are more readily engaged in social media, online forums, and chat groups. As there is an increased consumption of social media content, there is a shift from the consumption of traditional medias in which formal language are used regularly such as broadcast and traditional print medias. Social media posts are a reflection of the trend, where posts usually made by younger generations usually involve communication in slang and non-formal language which is not typically available in formalized dictionaries. As the Thai population like to follow trends, one of behaviors of that many Thai social media users engage in, is to follow the latest popular social media trends in slang and word usage. As slang are changed and evolved over time, it is usually useful to have an online mining tool in which could capture the trends of emerging and popular slang. This paper proposes an approach that extracts popular Thai slang by comparing social media posts and utilizing tokenization, a dictionary based approach to extract unknown words, before expanding it by using n-gram approach to figure what are currently trending and popular slang words.
The neuropsychology and functional anatomy of timing

This thesis explores the neural correlates of motor and perceptual timing. Motor timing involves the production of a timed movement (e.g. dancing), whereas perceptual timing requires a perceptual judgement (e.g. deciding which of two events lasted longer). A body of research has investigated this type of timing, concentrating on millisecond- and seconds-range intervals. Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and cerebellar pathology exhibit motor and perceptual timing deficits, which has led to the suggestion that both the basal ganglia and cerebellum are involved in this type of temporal processing. The research presented here uses a variety of techniques (functional imaging, transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and clinical studies on patients) to investigate the contribution of different neural structures to temporal processing. Using positron emission tomography (PET), the basal ganglia and cerebellum were both found to be active during millisecond- and seconds-range timing. However, only the basal ganglia were active when non-temporal aspects of the task were controlled for. At the cortical level, rTMS was used to show that the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was essential to the reproduction of seconds-range intervals, possibly due to a role in memory processes. In a further study, the motor and perceptual timing performance of patients with PD was modulated by dopaminergic medication, with medication improving performance. Patients with cerebellar disease displayed increased variability in timing tasks that included a significant motor component, but did not show impaired accuracy. A second PET study, comparing patients with PD and healthy controls, showed that the basal ganglia were active during motor timing for the control group. Compared to their medicated state, the patients showed decreased coupling between the basal ganglia and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex when 'off' medication. These studies support the notion that the basal ganglia, and not the cerebellum, play a fundamental role in motor and perceptual timing.
Intergalactic medium metal enrichment through dust sputtering

We study the motion of dust grains into the intergalactic medium (IGM) around redshift z = 3, to test the hypothesis that grains can efficiently pollute the gas with metals through sputtering. We use the results available in the literature for radiation-driven dust ejection from galaxies as initial conditions and follow the motion onwards. Via this mechanism, grains are ejected into the IGM with velocities >100 km s −1 ;a sthey move supersonically, grains can be efficiently eroded by non-thermal sputtering. However, Coulomb and collisional drag forces effectively reduce the charged grain velocity. Up-to-date sputtering yields for graphite and silicate (olivine) grains have been derived using the code TRANSPORT OF IONS IN MATTER (TRIM), for which we provide analytic fits. After training our method on a homogeneous density case, we analyse the grain motion and sputtering in the IGM density field as derived from a � cold dark matter (CDM) cosmological simulation at z = 3.27. We found that only large (a 0.1µm) grains can travel up to considerable distances (few ×100 kpc physical) before being stopped. Resulting metallicities show a well-defined trend with overdensity δ. The maximum metallicities are reached for 10 <δ< 100 [corresponding to systems, in quasi-stellar object (QSO) absorption spectra, with 14.5 < log N (H I) < 16]. However the distribution of sputtered metals is very inhomogeneous, with only a small fraction of the IGM volume polluted by dust sputtering (filling factors of 18 per cent for Si and 6 per cent for C). For the adopted size distribution, grains are never completely destroyed; nevertheless, the extinction and gas photoelectric heating effects resulting from this population of intergalactic grains are well below current detection limits. Ke yw ords: dust, extinction ‐ intergalactic medium ‐ cosmology: miscellaneous.
Scaling HabaneroUPC++ on Heterogeneous Supercomputers

Accelerators/co-processors have made their way into supercomputing systems. These modern heterogeneous systems feature multiple layers of memory hierarchies, and produce a high degree of thread-level parallelism. To ensure that current and future applications perform well on these systems, it is important that users be able to cleanly express the various types of parallelism found in their applications while trusting that expertly-implemented runtime libraries will schedule this parallelism in a way that efficiently utilizes the memory hierarchies and computational resources of their system. In this poster we present our work-in-progress, a distributed, heterogeneous programming model in HabaneroUPC++, which aims to target distributed, heterogeneous systems with multi-layered memory hierarchies through a distributed data-driven programming model that integrates all memory layers together through data-flow programming.
Steric Hindrance and Fast Dissociation Explain the Lack of Immunogenicity of the Minor Histocompatibility HA-1Arg Null Allele 1

The di-allelic HLA-A2 restricted minor histocompatibility Ag HA-1 locus codes for the highly immunogenic HA-1His and the nonimmunogenic HA-1Arg nonapeptides, differing in one amino acid. The HA-1His peptide is currently used for boosting the graft-vs-tumor responses after HLA matched HA-1 mismatched stem cell transplantation; usage of the HA-1Arg peptide would significantly enlarge the applicability for this therapy. Our studies on mechanisms causing the HA-1 unidirectional immunogenicity revealed marginal differences in proteasomal digestion, TAP translocation, and binding affinity, whereas both dissociation rates and structural analyses clearly showed marked differences in the stability of these two HLA-A2 bound alleles. These data provide a rationale for the lack of HA-1Arg peptide immunogenicity essential for the choice of tumor peptides for stem cell-based immunotherapeutic application.
Decompositions into Subgraphs of Small Diameter

We investigate decompositions of a graph into a small number of low-diameter subgraphs. Let P(n, ε, d) be the smallest k such that every graph G = (V, E) on n vertices has an edge partition E = E0 ∪ E1 ∪ ⋅⋅⋅ ∪ Ek such that |E0| ≤ εn2, and for all 1 ≤ i ≤ k the diameter of the subgraph spanned by Ei is at most d. Using Szemerédi's regularity lemma, Polcyn and Ruciński showed that P(n, ε, 4) is bounded above by a constant depending only on ε. This shows that every dense graph can be partitioned into a small number of ‘small worlds’ provided that a few edges can be ignored. Improving on their result, we determine P(n, ε, d) within an absolute constant factor, showing that P(n, ε, 2) = Θ(n) is unbounded for ε < 1/4, P(n, ε, 3) = Θ(1/ε2) for ε > n−1/2 and P(n, ε, 4) = Θ(1/ε) for ε > n−1. We also prove that if G has large minimum degree, all the edges of G can be covered by a small number of low-diameter subgraphs. Finally, we extend some of these results to hypergraphs, improving earlier work of Polcyn, Rödl, Ruciński and Szemerédi.
Binding Pocket Optimization by Computational Protein Design

Engineering specific interactions between proteins and small molecules is extremely useful for biological studies, as these interactions are essential for molecular recognition. Furthermore, many biotechnological applications are made possible by such an engineering approach, ranging from biosensors to the design of custom enzyme catalysts. Here, we present a novel method for the computational design of protein-small ligand binding named PocketOptimizer. The program can be used to modify protein binding pocket residues to improve or establish binding of a small molecule. It is a modular pipeline based on a number of customizable molecular modeling tools to predict mutations that alter the affinity of a target protein to its ligand. At its heart it uses a receptor-ligand scoring function to estimate the binding free energy between protein and ligand. We compiled a benchmark set that we used to systematically assess the performance of our method. It consists of proteins for which mutational variants with different binding affinities for their ligands and experimentally determined structures exist. Within this test set PocketOptimizer correctly predicts the mutant with the higher affinity in about 69% of the cases. A detailed analysis of the results reveals that the strengths of PocketOptimizer lie in the correct introduction of stabilizing hydrogen bonds to the ligand, as well as in the improved geometric complemetarity between ligand and binding pocket. Apart from the novel method for binding pocket design we also introduce a much needed benchmark data set for the comparison of affinities of mutant binding pockets, and that we use to asses programs for in silico design of ligand binding.
Anxiety in old age and dementia - implications for clinical and research practice

While extensive research has been performed in relation to anxiety in general, there is a marked paucity of investigation on older adulthood, especially in relation to those individuals living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, with the majority of such studies clinically based and focusing upon ‘formal’ anxiety disorders. It is however becoming increasingly evident that the detrimental effects of anxiety are not limited to clinical anxiety disorders but can instead occur in response to anxiety per se, i.e., sub-syndromal anxiety including various levels of trait and state anxiety. Furthermore, it is increasingly apparent that even non-clinical anxiety can influence many more components of information processing than previously recognized.