Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
UAV-Aided Cooperation for FSO Communication Systems

Relay-assisted FSO systems were proposed as a means for remedying the effects of the various atmospheric impairments on the quality of the FSO signal. Conventional relay-assisted FSO systems, however, are designed around two basic assumptions: relays are buffer-free, and relays are stationary. This article proposes to improve the performance of the existing relay-assisted FSO systems by relaxing both of these highly restrictive assumptions through the integration of UAVs as buffer-aided moving relays into the conventional relay-assisted FSO systems. Specifically, two possible simple integration scenarios are proposed and analyzed through simulation. The obtained simulation results demonstrate the great potential associated with the proposed highly promising, innovative, hybrid FSO architecture. Given that high performance gains are observed under small buffer sizes, it becomes conceivable to employ buffer-aided moving relaying UAVs to serve a variety of other purposes. This includes, for instance, having these UAVs oversee the operation of amateur drones for potential misbehavior or wrongdoing within the area of their deployment.
Comparison of daily filgrastim and pegfilgrastim to prevent febrile neutropenia in Asian lymphoma patients

Aim: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a highly prevalent complication of chemotherapy, particularly in patients with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of filgrastim and pegfilgrastim in Asian lymphoma patients by evaluating the incidence of FN and associated complications.
Extract from the Zooxanthellate Jellyfish Cotylorhiza tuberculata Modulates Gap Junction Intercellular Communication in Human Cell Cultures

On a global scale, jellyfish populations in coastal marine ecosystems exhibit increasing trends of abundance. High-density outbreaks may directly or indirectly affect human economical and recreational activities, as well as public health. As the interest in biology of marine jellyfish grows, a number of jellyfish metabolites with healthy potential, such as anticancer or antioxidant activities, is increasingly reported. In this study, the Mediterranean “fried egg jellyfish” Cotylorhiza tuberculata (Macri, 1778) has been targeted in the search forputative valuable bioactive compounds. A medusa extract was obtained, fractionated, characterized by HPLC, GC-MS and SDS-PAGE and assayed for its biological activity on breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa). The composition of the jellyfish extract included photosynthetic pigments, valuable ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, and polypeptides derived either from jellyfish tissues and their algal symbionts. Extract fractions showed antioxidant activity and the ability to affect cell viability and intercellular communication mediated by gap junctions (GJIC) differentially in MCF-7and HEKa cells. A significantly higher cytotoxicity and GJIC enhancement in MCF-7 compared to HEKa cells was recorded. A putative action mechanism for the anticancer bioactivity through the modulation of GJIC has been hypothesized and its nutraceutical and pharmaceutical potential was discussed.
Land Cover Clustering based on Improved Dictionary Learning Method from Modis Data

An approach based on k-means clustering algorithm combined with the concept of sparse representation is proposed in this paper. We intend to discriminate, each vegetation type, by its temporal behavior. Our method is composed of two main parts : The first part consists of designing the dictionary that we are going to use. For this reason, we propose a modification of the k-svd algorithm by switching the use of OMP algorithm by the SunSAL algorithm. Then we carry on an unsupervised clustering process using k-means algorithm on sparse vectors. As a result, we found that SunSAL algorithm outperforms the OMP algorithm and we succeed to elaborate discriminative temporal behaviors of the vegetation in our region of study. As perspectives, our approach could be considered as an attempt to overcome the shortage of high spatial resolution data since we are relying only on coarse remote sensing images like MODIS to monitor Land Cover dynamics.
Social learning with local informational externalities

We study a simple dynamic model of social learning with local informational externalities. There is a large population of agents, who repeatedly have to choose one, out of two, reversible actions, each of which is optimal in one, out of two, unknown states of the world. Each agent chooses rationally, on the basis of private information (s)he receives by a symmetric binary signal on the state, as well as the observation of the action chosen by their nearest neighbours. Actions can be updated at revision opportunities that agents receive in a random sequential order. Strategies are stationary, in that they do not depend on time, nor on location. We show that: if agents receive equally informative signals, then the social learning process is not adequate and the process of actions converges exponentially fast to a configuration where some agents are permanently wrong; if agents are unequally informed, in that their signal is either fully informative or fully uninformative (both with positive probability), then the social learning process is adequate and everybody will eventually choose the action that is correct given the state. Convergence, however, obtains very slowly, namely at rate √t We relate the findings with the literature on social learning and discuss the prop erty of efficiency of the information transmission mechanism under local interaction.
KNDC1 knockdown protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells from senescence

KNDC1 (kinase noncatalytic C-lobe domain containing 1), a brain-specific Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor, controls the negative regulation of neuronal dendrite growth. However, the effect of KNDC1 on cellular senescence remains to be elucidated. The present study investigated the impact of KNDC1 knockdown on human endothelial cell senescence and the mechanisms underlying this effect. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in vitro were used as a model of biological aging. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining was used to detect cellular senescence and flow cytometry was employed to determine cell cycle progression. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analysis were utilized to investigate mRNA transcription and protein expression. In the HUVECs, a senescence-like phenotypes developed with increasing passage number in vitro, which were associated with a progressive increase in the transcription and expression of KNDC1. KNDC1 knockdown promoted cell proliferation and partially reversed cellular senescence and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in aging HUVECs. Investigations into the mechanism underlying this effect demonstrated that KNDC1 knockdown promoted HUVEC proliferation via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway and delayed HUVEC senescence by inhibiting the p53-p21-p16 transduction cascade. In addition, the promotion of the capillary tube network formation and the increased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase revealed that the activity and function of endothelial cells were enhanced. In conclusion, KNDC1 knockdown delayed endothelial cell senescence and promoted HUVEC activity and function. These results demonstrated that KNDC1 may be a novel therapeutic target for the development of agents to extend human life.
Sexually transmitted disease among married Zambian women: the role of male and female sexual behaviour in prevention and management.

OBJECTIVES: Few studies have evaluated the relation between male and female sexual behaviour and STD among married African women. The objectives of this study were to identify male and female sexual behaviour associated with female STD, and to explore whether incorporating male and female sexual behaviour and male symptoms can improve algorithms for STD management in married African women. METHODS: 99 married couples with one symptomatic member (58 males, 41 females) attending an STD clinic in Lusaka, Zambia were interviewed separately about sexual and contraceptive behaviour, and had physical examinations. Diagnostic tests for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and HIV were performed. Bivariate and multivariate odds ratios for the association between sexual behaviour and STD were calculated. Predictive algorithms based on current Zambian guidelines for management of STD in women were created. RESULTS: Among women at baseline, 10% were positive for GC, 14% for TV, 52% for HIV. Female alcohol use before sex, a male's paying for sex, and a couple's having sex unprotected by condoms or spermicides were associated with female STD. Incorporation of these behaviours along with symptoms of urethral discharge and dysuria among husbands increased the predictive ability of algorithms for management of STD in women. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of male and female sexual behaviour and male STD symptoms to diagnostic algorithms for female STD should be explored in other settings. Both husbands' and wives' behaviour independently predict STD in these women; risk reduction programmes should target both men's and women's sexual behaviour.
Physical Structure and Function and Speech Production Associated with Cleft Palate

Speakers with a cleft lip and/or palate contend with unusual structure and function of the vocal organs from birth and physical abnormalities may persist after surgical inter-vention. (Surgery itself, for many individuals with a cleft, consists of a series of interven-tions over an extended period, so both structural and functional changes to the speech apparatus may be a feature of the entire period of speech development). These differ-ences and changes may have a profound effect on speech production and speech devel-opment, and cleft lip and palate is one area where a signiﬁ cant proportion of the speech difﬁ culties encountered (although not necessarily all) can be traced back in some way to an anatomical or physiological cause. This chapter explores some of the links between atypical vocal organ structure and function in cleft lip and palate, and those many and varied features encountered in speech production associated with cleft palate. Of course, some of these issues are also dealt with in other chapters in this book (Chapters 3 , 5 , 8 , 10 , 11 and 12 ), so the reader is directed, where appropriate, to seek further informa-tion from these chapters; this chapter, therefore, focuses on those issues not discussed
The Stories Young People with Social, Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties (SEBD) Tell About Their Futures

A number of psychological perspectives have been offered to account for social, emotional, behavioural difficulties (SEBD) and the legislation and sociocultural context continues to depict a rather concerning trajectory for this group of young people. It appears that the views of children and young people with SEBD are discussed at length, but researched relatively little. Research that has sought their views has been predominantly retrospective in focus, with very little research encouraging them to look towards the future. In the small body of research that has asked young people with SEBD about the future, the psychological concept of ‘possible selves’ has been applied. The findings suggest that young people with SEBD lack agency, and are more pessimistic about their futures compared with their mainstream peers. The current research drew on positive psychology in order to extend the literature and offer a more useful and optimistic way of conceptualising SEBD. Positive psychology places emphasis on: the future, strengths, resources and potential, and suggests that negative experiences can build positive qualities. It is therefore in direct opposition to a pre-occupation with risk. This research also draws on a social constructivist epistemology, placing the voice of the young person with SEBD at its centre. It seeks to better understand their experiences and accepts that meanings are varied and multiple. This research employed a narrative methodology in an attempt to impose less structure, in order to seek the stories young people with SEBD tell about themselves in the future. Within the qualitative design, unstructured interviews were used in order to maximise the potential for capturing individual meaning. The Quality of Life (QoL) literature was drawn on to facilitate the young people’s narratives, and the life path tool was used to structure their thinking. Eight young people were interviewed, across the school and home contexts. Narrative Oriented Inquiry (NOI) was used to analyse the narratives; a sjuzet-fabula analysis was carried out to reconstruct the young people’s stories, followed by a categorical-content analysis to explore themes relevant to the current research. Finally, the tone of the young people’s narratives were analysed to explore how they presented themes of potential and growth in their stories. The findings indicate that when asked the right questions, young people with SEBD can identify a range of strengths and resources in their lives. Many of the young people also identified qualities that they had built as a result of earlier negative experiences. Overall, the young people’s narratives are progressive in tone and reveal their hopes and aspirations for the future. A number of implications for future research and practice are identified but ultimately, by offering these young people the opportunity to tell their stories, this research permitted them a sense of agency over their lives and allowed them to focus on where they were going, rather than where they had been.
Prognosis of Different Cellular Generations

Technological advancement in mobile telphony from 1G to 3G, 4G and 5G has a very axiomati c fact that made an entire world a global village. The cellular system employs a different design approa ch and technology that most commercial radio and televisio n system use. In the cellular system, the service area is divided into cells and a transmitter is designed to serve an individual cell. The system seeks to make efficient use of available channels by using low-power transm itters to allow frequency reuse at a smaller distan ce. Maximizing the number of times each channel can be reused in a given geographical area is the key to a n efficient cellular system design. During the past t hree decades, the world has seen significant change s in telecommunications industry. There have been some r emarkable aspects to the rapid growth in wireless communications, as seen by the large expansion in m obile systems. This paper focuses on “Past, Present & Future of Ce llular Telephony” and some light has been thrown upon the technologies of the cellular systems, namely 1G , 2G, 2.5G, 3G and future generations like 4G and 5 G systems as well.
Using LMS algorithm for controlling the active power of nonlinear loads

In this paper is proposed an adaptive control method of the active power of a nonlinear load. One of the most representative nonlinear loads is the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF). Based on the experimental results will be proposed an adaptive control system of the process. The algorithm used is known as the LMS algorithm (Least Mean Square) being, due to its simplicity, the most used algorithm implemented in controlling systems. It was used standard and variable step size LMS algorithm. The efficiency of the proposed algorithms is verified using simulations based on modeling the electric arc. For modeling the electric arc it was used a model having parameters like of a real electric arc. For simulation it was use the PSCAD-EMTDC program (Power Systems CAD - a program dedicated to power systems).
Aggression and Violence in Adolescence

Using data sets consisting of cross-sectional surveys drawn from nationally representative samples of adolescents in the US and official sources of crime statistics, a portrait of aggression and violence among adolescents is presented. Fluctuations in self-reported and official sources of data are examined by year, gender, grade, and race. Both distal and contemporary risk factors for aggression and violence are discussed. Distal risk factors for violence in adolescence are presented using longitudinal studies. The General Aggression Model provides the framework for exploring which contemporary personal and situational factors increase or decrease risk for aggression and violence. Dating aggression in adolescence is placed in the context of normal development and variable according to individual partner and relationship factors. This book presents rigorously tested scientific prevention programs for adolescents with violent and aggressive behavior.
Parallel Structural Evolution of Mitochondrial Ribosomes and OXPHOS Complexes

The five macromolecular complexes that jointly mediate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in mitochondria consist of many more subunits than those of bacteria, yet, it remains unclear by which evolutionary mechanism(s) these novel subunits were recruited. Even less well understood is the structural evolution of mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes): while it was long thought that their exceptionally high protein content would physically compensate for their uniquely low amount of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), this hypothesis has been refuted by structural studies. Here, we present a cryo-electron microscopy structure of the 73S mitoribosome from Neurospora crassa, together with genomic and proteomic analyses of mitoribosome composition across the eukaryotic domain. Surprisingly, our findings reveal that both structurally and compositionally, mitoribosomes have evolved very similarly to mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes via two distinct phases: A constructive phase that mainly acted early in eukaryote evolution, resulting in the recruitment of altogether approximately 75 novel subunits, and a reductive phase that acted during metazoan evolution, resulting in gradual length-reduction of mitochondrially encoded rRNAs and OXPHOS proteins. Both phases can be well explained by the accumulation of (slightly) deleterious mutations and deletions, respectively, in mitochondrially encoded rRNAs and OXPHOS proteins. We argue that the main role of the newly recruited (nuclear encoded) ribosomal- and OXPHOS proteins is to provide structural compensation to the mutationally destabilized mitochondrially encoded components. While the newly recruited proteins probably provide a selective advantage owing to their compensatory nature, and while their presence may have opened evolutionary pathways toward novel mitochondrion-specific functions, we emphasize that the initial events that resulted in their recruitment was nonadaptive in nature. Our framework is supported by population genetic studies, and it can explain the complete structural evolution of mitochondrial ribosomes and OXPHOS complexes, as well as many observed functions of individual proteins.
Wire-area parallel computing in Java

Java’s support for parallel and distributed processing makes the lan-guage attractive for metacomputing applications, such as parallelapplications that run on geographically distributed (wide-area) sys-tems. To obtain actual experience with a Java-centric approach tometacomputing, we have built and used a high-performance wide-area Java system, called Manta. Manta implements the Java RMImodel using different communication protocols (active messagesand TCP/IP) for different networks. The paper shows how wide-area parallel applications can be expressed and optimized usingJava RMI. Also, it presents performance results of several applica-tions on a wide-area system consisting of four Myrinet-based clus-ters connected by ATM WANs.
Influence of N-glycans on Expression of Cell Wall Remodeling Related Genes in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Yeast Cells

Paracoccidioidomycosis is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. It is caused by the temperature-dependent dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The P. brasiliensis cell wall is a dynamic outer structure, composed of a network of glycoproteins and polysaccharides, such as chitin, glucan and N-glycosylated proteins. These glycoproteins can interact with the host to affect infection rates, and are known to perform other functions. We inhibited N-linked glycosylation using tunicamycin (TM), and then evaluated the expression of P. brasiliensis genes related to cell wall remodeling. Our results suggest that cell wall synthesis related genes, such as β-1,3-glucanosyltransferase (PbGEL3), 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase (PbFKS1), and α-1,4-amylase (PbAMY), as well as cell wall degrading related genes, such as N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (PbNAG1), α-1,3-glucanase (PbAGN), and β-1,3-glucanase (PbBGN1 and PbBGN2), have their expression increased by the N-glycosylation inhibition, as detected by qRT-PCR. The observed increases in gene expression levels reveal possible compensatory mechanisms for diminished enzyme activity due to the lack of glycosylation caused by TM.
Animal intelligence : proceedings of a Royal Society discussion meeting held on 6 and 7 June 1984

L Weiskrantz: Introductory remarks: categorization, cleverness, and conciousness H J Jerison: Animal intelligence as encephalization H B Barlow: Discussion E M McPhail: Vertebrate intelligence: the null hypothesis H B Barlow: Discussion N J Mackintosh, B Wilson, & R A Boakes: Differences in mechanisms of intelligence among vertebrates H B Barlow: Discussion A Dickinson: Actions and habits: the development of behavioural autonomy D D Olton: The temporal context of spatial memory D Gaffan: Hippocampus: memory, habit, and voluntary movement R E Passingham: Cortical mechanisms and cues for action H S Terrace: Animal cognition: thinking without language R J Herrnstein: Riddles of natural categorization D I Perrett: Discussion E W Menzel Jr & C Juno: Social foraging in marmoset monkeys and the question of intelligence P Garrud: Discussion Beatrix T Gardner & R A Gardner: Signs of intelligence in cross-fostered chimpanzees E Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, Rose A Sevcik, D M Rumbaugh, & Elizabeth Rubert: The capacity of animals to acquire language: do species differences have anything to say to us? D L Cheney & R M Seyfarth: Social and non-social knowledge in vervet monkeys H Kummer & Jane Goodall: Conditions of innovative behaviour in primates H J Jerison & L Weiskrantz: General discussion.
Latest Developments in Machine Translation Technology: Beginning a New Era in MT Research

Six years ago at the first MT Summit conference, the field of MT was dominated by approaches which had been established in the late 1970s. These were the systems which had built upon experience gained in what may be called the 'quiet' decade of machine translation, the ten years after the publication of the ALPAC report in 1966 had brought to an end MT research in the United States and had profoundly affected its support elsewhere.
A novel tag design using inverted-F antenna for radio frequency identification of metallic objects

This paper presents novel inverted-F antenna (IFA) designs for passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tag applications. These designs can be used in identifying objects that consist of metal or other conductive material. Different substrate and superstrate materials are studied and used to test their effect on the performance of the antenna designs. The antenna performance is studied by a series of finite element method (FEM) simulations. The experimental validation of the read ranges of the tag prototypes in air and attached to metal is carried out to verify the performance of the designs. The experimental tests show that read ranges between 0.5 m and 1 m can be achieved when the prototypes are attached to metal.