Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CLUSTERING ANALYSIS OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY IN CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE, INDONESIA

In Indonesia, poverty continues to be a major issue. According to Statistics Indonesia, there were 9.78% of the population living in poverty in 2020, with Java Island accounting for 50% of the nation’s total poor people. Furthermore, poverty reduction is the primary concern due to Central Java’s high poverty rate, which is still higher than the national average, so it has become a shared challenge. This study measured poverty by clusters based on a variety of deprivations that residents of 35 regencies or municipalities in Central Java Province experienced. Additionally, 16 poverty indicators based on the criteria and income of the poor and underprivileged from the Ministry of Social Affairs comprised the variables used in this study. Moreover, by selecting the optimal cluster, characteristic poverty was obtained employing fuzzy C-means (FCM) as cluster analysis. In addition, each municipality/regency that shares a similarity indicator with another municipality/regency was categorized into one cluster. The clusters were fundamental to understanding the determinants of poverty and poverty alleviation programs. According to the clustering results, there were four clusters considered the best cluster, and it demonstrated that the indicators most associated with poverty were non-food expenditure, drinking water adequacy, access to sanitation facilities, the open unemployment rate, and television ownership.
Case Study: Effects of wind loading on structural reliability

The effect of wind loading on structural reliability under storm overload is investigated for a number of minimum facility platforms on the North West Shelf. The long term distribution of environmental loading and consequently the structural reliability is seen to be highly sensitive to wind loading for platforms in very shallow water, where the high return period wave heights are limited by breaking waves. The wind loading contribution to the total platform loading is further investigated for a typical minimum facility platform for a range of water depths, topsides weights and substructure effective diameters. Critical design conditions are thus highlighted for which a realistic assessment of structural reliability is highly dependent on the accuracy of the wind loading estimation.
Single cell transcriptomics identifies master regulators of neurodegeneration in SOD1 ALS motor neurons

Background Bulk RNA-Seq has been extensively utilized to investigate the molecular changes accompanying motor neuron degeneration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). However, due to the heterogeneity and degenerating phenotype of the neurons, it has proved difficult to assign specific changes to neuronal subtypes and identify which factors drive these changes. Consequently, we have utilized single cell transcriptomics of degenerating motor neurons derived from ALS patients to uncover key transcriptional drivers of dysfunctional pathways. Results Single cell analysis of spinal neuronal cultures derived from SOD1 E100G ALS and isogenic iPSCs allowed us to classify cells into neural subtypes including motor neurons and interneurons. Differential expression analysis between disease and control motor neurons revealed downregulation of genes involved in synaptic structure, neuronal cytoskeleton, mitochondrial function and autophagy. Interestingly, interneurons did not show similar suppression of these homeostatic functions. Single cell expression data enabled us to derive a context-specific transcriptional network relevant to ALS neurons. Master regulator analysis based on this network identified core transcriptional factors driving the ALS MN gene dysregulation. Specifically, we identified activation of SMAD2, a downstream mediator of the TGF-β signalling pathway as a potential driving factor of ALS motor neuron degeneration. Our phenotypic analysis further confirmed that an activated TGF-β signalling is major driver of motor neuron loss in SOD1 ALS. Importantly, expression analysis of TGFβ target genes and computational analysis of publicly available datasets indicates that activation of TGFβ signalling may be a common mechanism shared between SOD1, FUS and sporadic ALS. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the utility of single cell transcriptomics in mapping disease-relevant gene regulatory networks driving neurodegeneration in ALS motor neurons. We find that ALS-associated mutant SOD1 targets transcriptional networks that perturb motor neuron homeostasis.
FMCW Radar signal processing for Antarctic Ice Shelf profiling and imaging

This thesis contains details of all the signal processing work being done on FMCW Radar (operating at VHF-UHF band) for the Antarctic Ice Shelf monitoring project that has been carried out at UCL. The system developed at UCL was based on a novel concept of phase-sensitive FMCW radar with low power consumption, thus allowing data collection for long period of time with millimetre range precision. Development of new signal processing method was required in order to process the large amount of data, along with the signal processing technique for obtaining the high precision range values. This was achieved during the first stage of the thesis, providing accurate ice shelf basal layer melt rate values. Properties of the FMCW radar system and experimental scenarios posed further signal processing challenges. Those challenges were met by developing number of novel algorithms. A novel shape matching algorithm was developed to detect internal layers underneath the ice shelf. Range migration correction method was developed to compensate for the defocusing of the image in large angles due to high fractional bandwidth of the radar system. Vertical error correction method was developed to compensate for any vertical displacement of the radar antenna during field experiment. Finally, a novel 3-D MIMO imaging algorithm for the Antarctic ice shelf base study was developed. This was done to process the 8x8 MIMO radar (developed at UCL) data. The radars have been deployed in the Antarctica during the Austral summer of each year from 2011-2014. The field experiments were done in the Ronne, Larsen-C, Larsen North, George VI and Ross ice shelves. The novel signal processing techniques have been successfully applied on the real data, allowing better understanding of the Antarctic ice shelf features.
Site response estimation from earthquake data

Aftershocks of the 1989 Loma Prieta, California, earthquake are used to estimate site response along the San Francisco Peninsula. A total of 215 shear-wave records from 24 sources and 21 sites are used in a linear inversion for source and site response spectra. The methodology makes no assumptions about the shape of the source spectrum. However, to obtain a stable, unique inverse a Q model and geometrical spreading factor are assumed, as well as a constraint on site response that sets the site response averaged over two specific stations to 1.0. Site responses calculated by this formulation of the problem are compared with other studies in the same region that use different methodologies and / or data. The shear-wave site responses compare favorably with estimates based on an ω2-constrained source model. Comparison with coda amplification factors is not as close, but still favorable considering that the coda values were determined for nearby locations with similar geology, and not the same sites. The degree of agreement between the three methods is encouraging considering the very different assumptions and data used.
Postfunctionalization of Noncationic RNA–Polymer Complexes for RNA Delivery

We present a postfunctionalization strategy to formulate noncationic RNA–polymer complexes for RNA delivery. Utilizing the methylated pyridinium moieties on the polymer, RNA–polymer polyelectrolytes were first formed via electrostatic interaction. Next, the polyelectrolytes were partially cross-linked with dithiothreitol, “locking” the RNA inside the complex and leaving the rest of the N-methylated pyridyl disulfide groups to subsequently react with thiols. We carried out the postfunctionalization using thiolated oligoethylene glycol and removed a majority of the cationic moieties among the RNA–polymer complexes. The strategy facilitates the noncationic RNA–polymer complexes with tunable RNA release rates in the presence of intracellularly abundant glutathione. With significantly reduced cytotoxicity, the resultant complexes protect RNA against the enzymatic degradation by ribonuclease A and fetal bovine serum. Moreover, the RNA–polymer complexes demonstrated successful siRNA delivery and gene specific kn.
GGBN: Making Genomic Collections Discoverable for Research through a Networked Community of Biodiversity Repositories

Advances in DNA extraction techniques, combined with next generation sequencing technologies, provide new tools for the study of non-human genetics and evolution. However, the accelerating loss of biodiversity and the demand to support and improve conservation efforts in a time of increasing sensibilities worldwide regarding collecting activities, increasing sensitivity regarding national biodiversity patrimony and unsolicited commercialization has increased the demand for accessible information on non-human genomic collections worldwide. It is increasingly urgent for biodiversity collection-holding institutions to set a standard of collaboration towards excellence in collections stewardship, information access and sharing, and responsible and ethical use of collections. The Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) seeks to meet this need by making genomic collections discoverable for research through a networked community of biorepositories and providing trusted and transparent access to genomic samples for users and contributors through an access and benefit sharing framework.
Orthodontic treatment in traumatized permanent teeth: A systematic review

Objective: to analyze, through literature review, the available literature on orthodontic treatment in traumatized permanent teeth. Methods: A literature search was performed in electronic databases (PubMed and SciELO) using the descriptors [tooth injuries] OR [injuries, teeth] OR [injury, teeth] OR [teeth injury] OR [injuries, tooth] OR [injury, tooth] OR [tooth injury] OR [teeth injuries] AND [orthodontics]. Observational studies and clinical trials were included, narrative reviews, laboratory and in vitro studies, case reports and series as well as articles that presented abstracts written in languages other than Portuguese, English and Spanish were excluded from the study. Two reviewers considered the eligibility, the risk of bias of the analyzed data and the qualitative synthesis of the studies included. A total of 1,322 references were found and 4 articles met all inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. Some consequences like pulp necrosis and root resorption have been highlighted and trauma severity should be considered when orthodontically intervening in previously traumatized teeth. Final considerations: The traumatized teeth can be orthodontically treated as long as the time of tissue reorganization is respected, and the pull and periodontal conditions are followed up.
Presence of Anisakis nematode larvae in Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) along the Indian Ocean southern coast of East Java, Indonesia

Setyobudi E, Rohmah I, Syarifah RF, Ramatia L, Murwantoko, Sari DWK. 2019. Presence of Anisakis nematode larvae in Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) along the Indian Ocean southern coast of East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 313-319. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence (P), mean intensity (MI) and site of infection of anisakid larvae (Nematoda) in Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger spp.) at the Indian Ocean Southern Coast of East Java. A total of 341 fish were collected from Prigi and Muncar Fish Harbor, East Java during March-April 2018. Each fish specimen was measured in body length and weight, and then dissected for examination of Anisakis larvae in the body cavity, digestive tract, liver, gonad and muscle. The collected larvae were preserved in absolute ethanol for both morphological and molecular identification. The results of this research showed Indian mackerel was susceptible to Anisakis infection (P=17%, MI =6.8 larva/individual fish). Most of the larvae were found in the digestive tract and body cavity, 47.2% and 46.0% respectively. Only a few larvae were found in other internal organs and muscle. Based on morphological identification, these larvae corresponded to Anisakis Type I. Furthermore, in molecular identification using PCR-RFLP, the banding pattern clearly matched with Anisakis typica. The prevalence and mean intensity of Anisakis nematodes on Indian mackerel along the southern coast of East Java seem to be different in each locality and from other adjacent waters as has previously been reported, which may be due to differences in feeding habits and in the distribution of marine mammals as the final host. The results suggest that differences in prevalence and mean intensity of anisakis larvae infection could be developed as a biological indicator of fish stock discrimination. However, clear information regarding food habits of Indian mackerel and migration patterns of the paratenic hosts as well as of marine mammals as final host is needed.
İkinci Derece Zaman Gecikmeli Sistemler için PI Denetleyicilerin Analitik Tasarımı

Bu calismada ikinci dereceden zaman gecikmeli sistemlerin kararliligi ve performansi icin oransal integral denetleyicilerin analitik tasarimi verilmistir. Calismada onerilen yontem soz konusu sistemler icin genellestirilmis hesaplama esitliklerini elde etmektedir. Bode’nin ideal transfer fonksiyonunun karakteristiklerinden esinlenerek, kazanc kesim frekansi ve faz payi sartlari goz onune alinmistir. Daha sonra, bu sartlar denetleyicinin prametrelerini elde etmek icin kullanilmistir. Onerilen yontemle analitik olan turetilen formuller literaturde var olan sistemler uzerinde test edilmis ve sonuclar grafiksel olarak sergilenmistir. Parametre ayarlama yonteminin istenen kazanc kesim frekansi ve faz payi sartlarini sagladigi gosterilmistir.
RESCOM 2017 Summer school

—We consider a computer cluster with some arbitrary bipartite graph of compatibilities between jobs and computers. Assuming jobs can be processed in parallel on several machines, we design a scheduling algorithm achieving balanced fair sharing of the computing resources, similar to round-robin scheduling in the presence of a single computer. We analyze the performance of this algorithm by introducing a new class of queueing system. In this model, the service interruptions and resumptions of the algorithm are reinterpreted in terms of random routing. A full version of this paper was submitted to Performance Evaluation Journal. It is available on arXiv [1].
ScholarWorks@UARK ScholarWorks@UARK

This publication serves as the annual report to the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the projects and activities of the Arkansas Water Resources Center for FY 2013. This document provides summary information for each of the 104B projects funded: 1) Assessing nitrosamine precursors in drinking water treatment plants; 2) Improving surface water quality by reducing SOD and nutrients; 3) Fecal source characterization in select 303(d) listed streams in the streams in the Illinois River Watershed with elevated levels of Escherichia coli ; 4) The effect of global climate change on algal biomass and total organic carbon concentrations in Beaver Lake; and 5) Economics of on-farm reservoirs across the Arkansas Delta Region: A conjunctive management approach to preserving groundwater and water quality. This publication also summarizes the Arkansas Water Resources Center’s information transfer program, student involvement, notable awards and achievements, and publications of previous 104B projects.
Palaeo-earthquake and palaeo-mudflow events at the Machangyuan Ruins in the Huangshui River valley, northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Palaeo-earthquake event recorded by loess rapture fissures (N30°–40°W and N40°–50°E trending) and palaeo-mudflow event recorded by red clay deposits were identified at the Machangyuan Ruins in the Huangshui River valley, at the foot of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Comparative analysis of grain-size distributions and geochemical elements of local outcrops indicates that the red mudflows were sourced from the gullies on the valley side where unconsolidated Neogene red clay formation was exposed The palaeo-earthquake was associated with regional tectonic structures including a NNW-trending left-lateral strike-slip fault (Lajishan fault) and a NE-trending local fault (Bazhougou fault). Analysis combining optically stimulated luminescence ages and radiocarbon ages of archaeological record dates the palaeo-earthquake and palaeo-mudflow events to ca. 4.80 ka BP. During that stage, many Neolithic settlements distributed around the Machangyuan Ruins. Enhanced human activities of the Majiayao Culture disturbed the landscape of the Minhe Basin causing widespread soil erosion. Contemporaneous storm rain and earthquake mobilized the loosened sediments in the upper stream gullies forming mudflows. The hollow ground around the Machangyuan Ruins was covered by mudflow and the earthquake fissures were filled in by the mudflow at the same time. This study provides important insights into early human impact during climatic and tectonic events in the environmentally vulnerable zones over the world.
The Next Geminga: Deep Multiwavelength Observations of a Neutron Star Identified with 3EG J1835+5918

We describe Chandra, Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and radio observations that reveal a radio-quiet but magnetospherically active neutron star in the error circle of the high-energy γ-ray source 3EG J1835+5918, the brightest of the unidentified EGRET sources at high Galactic latitude. A Chandra ACIS-S spectrum of the ultrasoft X-ray source RX J1836.2+5925, suggested by Mirabal & Halpern as the neutron star counterpart of 3EG J1835+5918, requires two components: a blackbody of T∞ ≈ 3 × 105 K and a hard tail that can be parameterized as a power law of photon index Γ ≈ 2. An upper limit of d < 800 pc can be derived from the blackbody fit under an assumption of R∞ = 10 km. Deep optical imaging with the HST Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph CCD failed to detect this source to a limit of V > 28.5, and thus fX/fV > 6000 and d > 250 pc assuming the X-ray-fitted temperature for the full surface. Repeated observations with the 76 m Lovell telescope at Jodrell Bank place an upper limit of less than 0.1 mJy on the flux density at 1400 MHz for a pulsar with P > 0.1 s and less than 0.25 mJy for a ~10 ms pulsar at the location of RX J1836.2+5925. All of this evidence points to an older, possibly more distant version of the highly efficient γ-ray pulsar Geminga as the origin of the γ-rays from 3EG J1835+5918.
CityGuide: a seamless indoor–outdoor wayfinding system for people with vision impairments

The accuracy of satellite-based positioning systems is poor in indoor environments and around built environments. Reading and following visual cues still remain the most common mechanism for providing and receiving wayfinding information in such spaces. This reliance on visual function for wayfinding puts individuals who are blind or visually impaired (BVI) at a great disadvantage, and there remains a great need to provide a low-cost, easy-to-use, and reliable wayfinding system within indoor and outdoor spaces that complements existing satellite-based systems. This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of an initial prototype wayfinding system and smartphone application called CityGuide that can be used by BVI individuals to navigate their surroundings beyond what is possible with just a GPS-based system. CityGuide enables an individual to query and get turn-by-turn shortest route directions from an indoor location to an outdoor location. CityGuide leverages recently developed Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) indoor wayfinding solutions in conjunction with satellite signals to provide a seamless indoor–outdoor navigation and wayfinding system that guides a BVI individual to their desired destination through the shortest route. Evaluations of CityGuide with BVI human subjects within an unfamiliar university campus scenario demonstrated its potential to be effective compared to other popularly used apps.
MIT Open Access Articles A Bayesian nonparametric approach to modeling battery health

— The batteries of many consumer products, including robots, are often both a substantial portion of the product’s cost and commonly a ﬁrst point of failure. Accurately predicting remaining battery life can lower costs by reducing unnecessary battery replacements. Unfortunately, battery dynamics are extremely complex, and we often lack the domain knowledge required to construct a model by hand. In this work, we take a data-driven approach and aim to learn a model of battery time-to-death from training data. Using a Dirichlet process prior over mixture weights, we learn an inﬁnite mixture model for battery health. The Bayesian aspect of our model helps to avoid over-ﬁtting while the nonparametric nature of the model allows the data to control the size of the model, preventing under-ﬁtting. We demonstrate our model’s effectiveness by making time-to-death predictions using real data from nickel-metal hydride battery packs.
Karyotype diversity in the genus Nysius Dallas, 1852 (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Lygaeidae) is much greater than you might think

﻿Abstract We studied the karyotype and chromosomal distribution of 18S rDNA clustered in nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in Nysiusgraminicola (Kolenati, 1845), belonging to the subfamily Orsillinae (Lygaeidae). It is shown that this species has a karyotype with 2n = 22(18+mm+XY), previously known in only one of 24 studied species of the genus Nysius Dallas, 1852, characterized by a similar karyotype, 2n = 14(12+mm+XY). In N.graminicola, 18S loci are located on sex chromosomes, which is a previously unknown trait for this genus. Our results in a compilation with previous data revealed dynamic evolution of rDNA distribution in Nysius. It is concluded that molecular chromosomal markers detected by FISH contribute to a better understanding of the structure and evolution of the taxonomically complex genus Nysius.
Monthly Climatology of the Southern Ocean under Sea Ice

The advent of under-ice proﬁling ﬂoat and biologging techniques has enabled year-round observation of the Southern Ocean and its Antarctic margin. These under-ice data are often overlooked in widely used oceanographic datasets, despite their importance in understanding the seasonality and its role in sea ice changes, bottom water formation, and glacial melt. We develop a four-dimensional climatology of the Southern Ocean (south of 40 ° S and above 2,000 m) using Data Interpolating Variational Analysis, which excels in multi-dimensional interpolation and consistent handling of topography and advection. The climatology captures thermohaline variability under sea ice, previously hard to obtain, and outperforms other products in data ﬁdelity with smaller root-mean-square errors and biases. Our dataset will be instrumental for investigating seasonality and for improving ocean models. This work