Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Managing energy-performance tradeoffs for multithreaded applications on multiprocessor architectures

In modern computers, non-performance metrics such as energy consumption have become increasingly important, requiring tradeoff with performance. A recent work has proposed performance-guaranteed energy management, but it is designed specifically for sequential applications and cannot be used to a large class of multithreaded applications running on high end computers and data servers. To address the above problem, this paper makes the first attempt to provide performance-guaranteed energy management for multithreaded applications on multiprocessor architectures. We first conduct a comprehensive study on the effects of energy adaptation on thread synchronizations and show that a multithreaded application suffers from not only local slowdowns due to energy adaptation, but also significant slowdowns propagated from other threads because of synchronization. Based on these findings, we design three Synchronization-Aware (SA) algorithms, LWT (Lock Waiting Time-based), CSL (Critical Section Length-based) and ODP (Operation Delay Propagation-based) algorithms, to estimate the energy adaptation-induced slowdowns on each thread. The local slowdowns are then combined across multiple threads via three aggregation methods (MAX, AVG and SUM) to estimate the overall application slowdown. We evaluate our methods using a large multithreaded commercial application, IBM DB2 with industrial-strength online transaction processing (OLTP) workloads, and six SPLASH parallel scientific applications. Our experimental results show that LWT combined with the MAX aggregation method not only controls the performance slow down within the specified limits but also conserves the most energy.
Research on Image Fusion Algorithm Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Semantics

Image fusion aims at integrating complementary or ambiguous information of different images. In order to bridge the semantic gap during the image fusion, a hierarchical semantic labeling model of images is proposed and an image fusion algorithm based on semantic labeling and fuzzy clustering is presented. Images are segmented into regions which are classified into different types using low-level features. Afterwards the labeling model learns to map region types with keywords. The fusion mechanism is based on the calculation of semantic similarity. Experimental results demonstrate that the image fusion algorithm proposed in the paper is more precise than the state-of-the-art methods, especially when noisy labels appear in semantic fusion.
'Superbull' males: what role do they play and what drives their appearance within the Doryteuthis gahi Patagonian Shelf population?

Cephalopod populations exhibit high variability in life history characteristics, such as longevity and size-at-age. The aim of this study was to understand how characteristics of a newly described ‘superbull’ male morph in Doryteuthis gahi populations (Patagonian Shelf) arise and whether there is a selective advantage. At the population level, it is speculated that superbulls provide temporal and spatial connectivity, but individual benefit is less obvious. Age structure and reproductive potential of males was investigated to determine whether superbulls could provide connectivity. Environmental variables affecting size-at-age were explored to ascertain whether morphological differences were primarily phenotypically driven. Superbulls from the autumn spawning cohort were significantly older than the residual population, with added longevity potentially leading to spawning with the following cohort. A reduction in relative testis weight was apparent in superbulls, but spermatophore production remained high. Generalised additive mixed models indicated temperature, location and hatch year had significant effects on size-at-age. Weak correlations between warm El Niño–Southern Oscillation phases and superbull abundance were found. The results suggest that superbulls provide temporal connectivity and arise through phenotypic plasticity, likely providing connectivity as a side effect of body shape and size rather than a genetically selected advantage.
Some graph partitioning problems and algorithms related to routing in large computer networks

The problem of partitioning a large computer network into clusters in order to reduce the amount of network resources consumed by the routing algorithm is addressed. The clustering problem is formulated as a general graph partitioning problem. It is shown that the problem of partitioning a graph into a minimum number of clusters with unit weight vertices and a given weight bound on the cluster size is NP-complete if each cluster is required to be internally connected. It is also shown that if a diameter bound is imposed on the cluster instead of the weight bound, then the problem is NP-complete, even when cluster connectivity is not required. An optimum partitioning algorithm is presented for the latter problem when the graph is a tree. An optimum partitioning algorithm is presented for another problem in which each cluster is required to contain exactly one of a set of specified vertices called cluster heads. <<ETX>>
Designing MUSE: A Multimodal User Experience for a Shopping Mall Kiosk

Multimodal interactions provide more engaging experiences allowing users to perform complex tasks while searching for information. In this paper, we present a multimodal interactive kiosk for displaying information in shopping malls. The kiosk uses visual information and natural language to communicate with visitors. Users can connect to the kiosk using their own mobile phone as speech or type input device. The connection is established by scanning a QR code displayed on the kiosk screen. Field work, observations, design, system architecture and implementation are reported.
On Estimating the Probability Distributions of Performance Data with Applications to Satisfying Service Level Objectives

In an E-commerce it is important to ensure performance of the system is satisfactoryespecially during peak hour(s). To meet service level objectives then at least three functions must be performed: 1) Identify critical system performance metrics (CSM’s); 2) Determine via analytic techniques or qualitative analysis “thresholds” for performance metrics such that, if exceeded, performance degradations are likely to occur; 3) Monitor identified CSM’s via performance tools and notify system administrators when CSM’s have been exceeded. This aids in determining and ensuring that service level objectives can be realized. In this paper, we develop analytic techniques that help quantify the process of determining appropriate thresholds for CSM’s such that service level objective’s can be more readily satisfied.
Detecting Phishing Email : Hybrid Feature selection

Phishing is a technique for acquiring your personal information; e.g. credit card or bank account numbers and passwords, and subsequently committing fraud in your name. E-mail has become an invaluable communication tool, both for business and personal use. Finally we can say that, Phishing email is a fraud method in which the perpetrator sends out legitimate-looking email in an attempt to gather personal and financial information from recipients. In other words, Phishing email will direct the user to visit a website where they are asked to update personal information, such as a password, credit card, social security, or bank account numbers, that the legitimate organization already has. The website, however, is bogus and set up only to steal the information the user enters on the page. In This paper we focused on hybrid feature selection approach that based on the combination of contentbased and behavior–based. When hybrid features selections are used in Email phishing, which is able to achieve 97%
Enabling Renewed Innovation in TCP by Establishing an Isolation Boundary

The growth of the Internet has ushered in and established the “Information Age. ” However, its success has also arguably increased the difficulty of incorporating innovative changes that are needed to develop further functionality for next-generation networked applications. From the transport perspective, the desired functionality includes (1) supporting multiple network paths, (2) providing transport over hybrid networks (e.g., using both packetand circuit-switched networks), and (3) decoupling upper-layer services from endpoint-naming semantics. The need for functionality — such as transport composability — has been reiterated in recent research and leads to an apparent dilemma: TCP, the ubiquitous transport protocol, neither admits such functionality in its present form nor does it seem possible to add it without substantial modifications. Furthermore, radical changes — whether through incompatible extensions or by creating a completely new protocol — will not be easily accepted. In contrast to the apparent dilemma, we argue that a backward-compatible modification to TCP that supports increased functionality is possible without incurring significant burden in additional protocol exchange. The lightweight mechanism, built upon a set of TCP options, establishes an isolation boundary between TCP and the application. The boundary separates an application data stream from the TCP transport flow. Further, it provides for the establishment of a control channel that allows additional capabilities to be negotiated dynamically throughout the lifetime of the communication. In short, the mechanism provides a simple “hook” into TCP with which new features can be realized. This increases the freedom to evolve TCP while maintaining compatibility, thereby facilitating incremental adoption.
Optical activation of lateral amygdala pyramidal cells instructs associative fear learning

Humans and animals can learn that specific sensory cues in the environment predict aversive events through a form of associative learning termed fear conditioning. This learning occurs when the sensory cues are paired with an aversive event occuring in close temporal proximity. Activation of lateral amygdala (LA) pyramidal neurons by aversive stimuli is thought to drive the formation of these associative fear memories; yet, there have been no direct tests of this hypothesis. Here we demonstrate that viral-targeted, tissue-specific expression of the light-activated channelrhodopsin (ChR2) in LA pyramidal cells permitted optical control of LA neuronal activity. Using this approach we then paired an auditory sensory cue with optical stimulation of LA pyramidal neurons instead of an aversive stimulus. Subsequently presentation of the tone alone produced behavioral fear responses. These results demonstrate in vivo optogenetic control of LA neurons and provide compelling support for the idea that fear learning is instructed by aversive stimulus-induced activation of LA pyramidal cells.
The role of calcium in the regulation of renin secretion.

Renin is the enzyme which is the rate-limiting step in the formation of the hormone angiotensin II. Therefore, the regulation of renin secretion is critical in understanding the control of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its many biological and pathological actions. Renin is synthesized, stored in, and released from the juxtaglomerular (JG) cells of the kidney. While renin secretion is positively regulated by the "second messenger" cAMP, unlike most secretory cells, renin secretion from the JG cell is inversely related to the extracellular and intracellular calcium concentrations. This novel relationship is referred to as the "calcium paradox. " This review will address observations made over the past 30 years regarding calcium and the regulation of renin secretion, and focus on recent observations which address this scientific conundrum. These include 1) receptor-mediated pathways for changing intracellular calcium; 2) the discovery of a calcium-inhibitable isoform of adenylyl cyclase associated with renin in the JG cells; 3) calcium-sensing receptors in the JG cells; 4) calcium-calmodulin-mediated signals; 5) the role of phosphodiesterases; and 6) connexins, gap junctions, calcium waves, and the cortical extracellular calcium environment. While cAMP is the dominant second messenger for renin secretion, calcium appears to modulate the integrated activities of the enzymes, which balance cAMP synthesis and degradation. Thus this review concludes that calcium modifies the amplitude of cAMP-mediated renin-signaling pathways. While calcium does not directly control renin secretion, increased calcium inhibits and decreased calcium amplifies cAMP-stimulated renin secretion.
A technology review paper for drives used in electrical vehicle (EV) & hybrid electrical vehicles (HEV)

The pollution of environment is increasing due a very large numbers of conventional vehicles present today. To reduce pollution the electric and hybrid electric vehicle are very beneficial. As the decade of low cost fuel is coming to an end the electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicle is a good alternative to the conventional vehicles. These electric vehicles are driven by an electric motor may be AC or DC fed by battery through electric converter. The various drives used for the EVs & HEVs are discussed in this paper. The main two types of drive based on the supply are used DC or AC drive. The AC drives consisting of three phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is most popular amongst them. The other widely used drives are three phase Induction motor (IM), Switched reluctance motor (SRM), Brushless DC motor (BLDC). These motor are fed by different power electronic converters such as DC-DC converter, DC- AC converters per the supply requirements.
Salinity Stress Is Beneficial to the Accumulation of Chlorogenic Acids in Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.)

Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) is a traditional medicinal plant in China that is particularly rich in chlorogenic acids, which are phenolic compounds with various medicinal properties. This study aimed to examine the effects of salinity stress on accumulation of chlorogenic acids in honeysuckle, through hydroponic experiments and field trials, and to examine the mechanisms underlying the effects. NaCl stress stimulated the transcription of genes encoding key enzymes in the synthesis of chlorogenic acids in leaves; accordingly, the concentrations of chlorogenic acids in leaves were significantly increased under NaCl stress, as was antioxidant activity. Specifically, the total concentration of leaf chlorogenic acids was increased by 145.74 and 50.34% after 30 days of 150 and 300 mM NaCl stress, respectively. Similarly, the concentrations of chlorogenic acids were higher in the leaves of plants in saline, compared with non-saline, plots, with increases in total concentrations of chlorogenic acids of 56.05 and 105.29% in October 2014 and 2015, respectively. Despite leaf biomass reduction, absolute amounts of chlorogenic acids per plant and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity were significantly increased by soil salinity, confirming that the accumulation of chlorogenic acids in leaves was a result of stimulation of their synthesis under salinity stress. Soil salinity also led to elevated chlorogenic acid concentrations in honeysuckle flower buds, with significant increases in total chlorogenic acids concentration of 22.42 and 25.14% in May 2014 and 2015, respectively. Consistent with biomass reduction, the absolute amounts of chlorogenic acid per plant declined in flower buds of plants exposed to elevated soil salinity, with no significant change in PAL activity. Thus, salinity-induced chlorogenic acid accumulation in flower buds depended on an amplification effect of growth reduction. In conclusion, salinity stress improved the medicinal quality of honeysuckle by promoting accumulation of chlorogenic acids, however, the mechanisms underlying this process were not consistent in flower buds and leaves. Honeysuckle appears to be a promising plant for cultivation in saline land. Our study deepens knowledge of medicinal plant ecology and may provide a guide for developing saline agriculture.
Meta-analysis of individual patient safety data from six randomized, placebo-controlled trials with the antiangiogenic VEGFR2-binding monoclonal antibody ramucirumab

Abstract Background Ramucirumab, the human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody receptor antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, has been approved for treating gastric/gastroesophageal junction, non-small-cell lung, and metastatic colorectal cancers. With the completion of six global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trials across multiple tumor types, an opportunity now exists to further establish the safety parameters of ramucirumab across a large patient population. Materials and methods An individual patient meta-analysis across the six completed phase III trials was conducted and the relative risk (RR) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived using fixed-effects or mixed-effects models for all-grade and high-grade adverse events (AEs) possibly related to vascular endothelial growth factor pathway inhibition. The number needed to harm was also calculable due to the placebo-controlled nature of all six registration standard trials. Results A total of 4996 treated patients (N = 2748 in the ramucirumab arm and N = 2248 in the control, placebo arm) were included in this meta-analysis. Arterial thromboembolic events [ATE; all-grade, RR: 0.8, 95% CI 0.5–1.3; high-grade (grade ≥3), RR: 0.9, 95% CI 0.5–1.7], venous thromboembolic events (VTE; all-grade, RR: 0.7, 95% CI 0.5–1.1; high-grade, RR: 0.7, 95% CI 0.4–1.2), high-grade bleeding (RR: 1.1, 95% CI 0.8–1.5), and high-grade gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding (RR: 1.1, 95% CI 0.7–1.7) did not demonstrate a definite increased risk with ramucirumab. A higher percentage of hypertension, proteinuria, low-grade (grade 1–2) bleeding, GI perforation, infusion-related reaction, and wound-healing complications were observed in the ramucirumab arm compared with the control arm. Conclusions Ramucirumab may be distinct among antiangiogenic agents in terms of ATE, VTE, high-grade bleeding, or high-grade GI bleeding by showing no clear evidence for an increased risk of these AEs in this meta-analysis of a large and diverse patient population. Ramucirumab is consistent with other angiogenic inhibitors in the risk of developing certain AEs. Clinical Trial Numbers: NCT00917384 (REGARD), NCT01170663 (RAINBOW), NCT01168973 (REVEL), NCT01183780 (RAISE), NCT01140347 (REACH), and NCT00703326 (ROSE).
Designing Reusable Behaviors for Information Agents

An important issue in multi-agent systems is the specification and effective implementation of various classes of computational agent behaviors. One such class of behaviors involves collecting and supplying information to other computational agents or humans. We call an agent that exhibits such behaviors an information agent. Information agents can play an important role in many larger mixed humanand computationalagent organizations. Much previous work has focussed on the language one might use to communicate with such an agent (e.g., KQML), but not on the set of behaviors the agent needs in order to constructively respond to such communications—reusable behaviors that are independent of the particular problem-solving domain. This paper discusses a set of architectural building blocks that support the specification of reusable behaviors for information agents. We present an initial set of information agent behaviors, including responding to one-shot or repetitive queries, proactive monitoring of changing information sources for new occurrences of given patterns, notification of relevant agents, and automatic self cloning of an agent to achieve increased levels of service and efficient use of system resources. We have implemented these reusable information agent behaviors and tested them experimentally on the World Wide Web in several domains: tracking stock prices, extracting news stories, and monitoring airfares. Content Areas: Distributed AI, Multiagent Systems, Software Agents
NNs-based event-triggered consensus control of nonlinear multi-agent systems with uncertain dynamics

In this paper, we consider the consensus problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems under an undirected communication topology via event-triggered approaches. The centralized and distributed event-triggered control schemes are presented utilizing neural networks (NNs) and event-driven mechanisms, where the advantages of the proposed control laws lie that they remove the requirement for exact priori knowledge about parameters of individual agents by taking advantage of NNs approximators and they save computing and communication resources since control tasks only execute at certain instants with respect to predefined threshold functions. It is proven that all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded and Zeno behavior is excluded.
Lateral Flagellar Gene System of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

ABSTRACT Vibrio parahaemolyticus possesses dual flagellar systems adapted for movement under different circumstances. A single polar flagellum propels the bacterium in liquid (i.e., swimming) with a motor that is powered by the sodium motive force. Multiple proton-driven lateral flagella enable translocation over surfaces (i.e., swarming). The polar flagellum is produced continuously, while production of lateral flagella is induced when the organism is grown on surfaces. This work describes the isolation of mutants with insertions in the structural and regulatory laf genes. A Tn5-based lux transcriptional reporter transposon was constructed and used for mutagenesis and subsequent transcriptional analysis of the laf regulon. Twenty-nine independent insertions were distributed within 16 laf genes. DNA sequence analysis identified 38 laf genes in two loci. Among the mutants isolated, 11 contained surface-induced lux fusions. A hierarchy of laf gene expression was established following characterization of the laf::lux transcriptional fusion strains and by mutational and primer extension analyses of the laf regulon. The laf system is like many enteric systems in that it is a proton-driven, peritrichous flagellar system; however, laf regulation was different from the Salmonella-Escherichia coli paradigm. There is no apparent flhDC counterpart that encodes master regulators known to control flagellar biosynthesis and swarming in many enteric bacteria. A potential σ54-dependent regulator, LafK, was demonstrated to control expression of early genes, and a lateral-specific σ28 factor controls late flagellar gene expression. Another notable feature was the discovery of a gene encoding a MotY-like product, which previously had been associated only with the architecture of sodium-type polar flagellar motors.
A Dynamically Reconfigurable Arithmetic Circuit for Complex Number and Double Precision Number

— This paper proposes an architecture of dynamically reconfigurable arithmetic circuit. Dynamic reconfiguration is a technique to realize required functions by changing hardware construction during operations. The proposed circuit is based on a complex number multiply-accumulation circuit which is used frequently in the field of digital signal processing. In addition, the proposed circuit performs real number double precision arithmetic operations. The data formats are single and double precision floating point number based on IEEE754. The proposed circuit is designed using VHDL, and verified the correct operation by simulations and experiments.