Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Behaviour Compatibility and Specification for Active Objects

Specification of behaviour A test in a suitable language could be used as a way to abstractly specify the behaviour of an object. Although most experiments could eventually be expressed as a CCS experimenter interacting with the agent representing the behaviour of a class, a higher level language would be desirable. In order to be useful a test language should subsume high level features such as algebraic specifications of ADT. Also modal logic formulas may provide a more compact and clear way to specify allowed execution sequences than the CCS agents that implement the test. 5 Conclusions and Future Work We have argued that for effectively taking advantage of the potential of COOPLs for reusing concurrent software it is essential to have a precise understanding of compatibility of the behaviours expressed by class definitions. For investigating these issues we proposed to use a model of object behaviour based on process calculus and examined how to take advantage of related work on behavioural equivalence and specification of concurrent systems based on process calculi. In order to use the work on process calculi, we need models for the description of the behaviour of classes that capture more aspects that are of importance to object-oriented programming such as method execution, passing arguments and comparing operation results passed both on the equality of object identifiers and behavioural compatibility. We have discussed some aspects of object-oriented programming that should be captured by models of object behaviour and behaviour compatibility notions. We suggested that a testing methodology appears to be appealing for the further investigation of these aspects. This approach provides both a conceptual framework and a setting for further formal investigation of behavioural compatibility issues.
Performance Evaluation of Quantized Feedback Beamforming in IEEE 802.11n Wireless Networks

In this paper, we study the quantized feedback beamforming techniques presented in the IEEE 802.11n joint proposal. Specifically, we compare three different quantized feedback schemes (channel state information matrix feedback, non-compressed steering matrix feedback, and compressed steering matrix feedback) and evaluate their relative merits in terms of bit error ratio (BER) degradation and overhead. Our numerical analysis and simulation results show that both non-compressed steering matrix feedback and compressed steering matrix feedback are good candidates that provide significant diversity gain with moderate complexity and small feedback overhead.
Annually reoccurring bacterial communities are predictable from ocean conditions

Factors influencing patterns in the distribution and abundance of plant and animal taxa modulate ecosystem function and ecosystem response to environmental change, which is often taken to infer low functional redundancy among such species, but such relationships are poorly known for microbial communities. Using high-resolution molecular fingerprinting, we demonstrate the existence of extraordinarily repeatable temporal patterns in the community composition of 171 operational taxonomic units of marine bacterioplankton over 4.5 years at our Microbial Observatory site, 20 km off the southern California coast. These patterns in distribution and abundance of microbial taxa were highly predictable and significantly influenced by a broad range of both abiotic and biotic factors. These findings provide statistically robust demonstration of temporal patterning in marine bacterial distribution and abundance, which suggests that the distribution and abundance of bacterial taxa may modulate ecosystem function and response and that a significant subset of the bacteria exhibit low levels of functional redundancy as documented for many plant and animal communities.
Solvable model of strings in a time-dependent plane-wave background

We investigate a string model defined by a special plane-wave metric ds2 = 2du dv ? (u)x2 du2 + dx2 with ? = k/u2 and k = const > 0. This metric is a Penrose limit of some cosmological, Dp-brane and fundamental string backgrounds. Remarkably, in Rosen coordinates the metric has a 'null cosmology' interpretation with flat spatial sections and scale factor which is a power of the light-cone time u. We show that: (i) this spacetime is a Lorentzian homogeneous space. In particular, it admits a boost isometry u' = ? u, v' = ? 1v similar to Minkowski space. (ii) It is an exact solution of string theory when supplemented by a u-dependent dilaton such that the corresponding effective string coupling e(u) goes to zero at u = ? and at the singularity u = 0, reducing back-reaction effects. (iii) The classical string equations in this background become linear in the light-cone gauge and can be solved explicitly in terms of Bessel's functions, and thus the string model can be directly quantized. This allows one to address the issue of singularity at the string-theory level. We examine the propagation of first-quantized point-particle and string modes in this time-dependent background. Using an analytic continuation prescription we argue that the string propagation through the singularity can be smooth.
Operating system support for mobile robot swarms

In this paper, we present an operating system for mobile robot swarms. Three main issues are addressed here: First, the programming abstraction is introduced that states the model based on which swarm applications are developed. They consist of spatial-temporal actions that are executed concurrently and distributed. This is completely transparent for the application developer. An action is an interaction with the physical world and requests swarm resources in order to perform the action. Next, the operating system is presented. It is responsible for the execution of swarm applications. The system follows a service-oriented architecture design which consists of global system services and local node services. While the former perform system management and resource allocation, the latter perform the application execution and node movement. Last, in order to assign spatial-temporal actions to nodes a central element of the operating system is the space-time scheduler. It schedules the actions from all applications in space and time and computes spatial-temporal trajectories for the node movement.
Genetic Programming Assisted Stochastic Optimization Strategies for Optimization of Glucose to Gluconic Acid Fermentation

This article presents two hybrid strategies for the modeling and optimization of the glucose to gluconic acid batch bioprocess. In the hybrid approaches, first a novel artificial intelligence formalism, namely, genetic programming (GP), is used to develop a process model solely from the historic process input‐output data. In the next step, the input space of the GP‐based model, representing process operating conditions, is optimized using two stochastic optimization (SO) formalisms, viz., genetic algorithms (GAs) and simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA). These SO formalisms possess certain unique advantages over the commonly used gradient‐based optimization techniques. The principal advantage of the GP‐GA and GP‐SPSA hybrid techniques is that process modeling and optimization can be performed exclusively from the process input‐output data without invoking the detailed knowledge of the process phenomenology. The GP‐GA and GP‐SPSA techniques have been employed for modeling and optimization of the glucose to gluconic acid bioprocess, and the optimized process operating conditions obtained thereby have been compared with those obtained using two other hybrid modeling‐optimization paradigms integrating artificial neural networks (ANNs) and GA/SPSA formalisms. Finally, the overall optimized operating conditions given by the GP‐GA method, when verified experimentally resulted in a significant improvement in the gluconic acid yield. The hybrid strategies presented here are generic in nature and can be employed for modeling and optimization of a wide variety of batch and continuous bioprocesses.
Easy and expressive LLC contention model

Last-Level-Cache (LLC) contention modeling is important to ensure good application performance on modern HPC platforms. Existing LLC contention models either rely on Performance Counters (PC), or, Cache Access Pattern (CAP) based data. The former models are easy-to-develop but inexpressive as their modeling power is limited to the contention levels observed during model construction, while the latter are expressive but not easy-to-develop as they require an in-depth understanding of hardware mechanisms that are typically complex, evolving, and protected information. In this paper we propose a hybrid approach for LLC contention modeling and thereby create models that are both easy-to-develop, and expressive. In order to evaluate our approach we construct the LLC contention models for two modern processors (Intel Sandy-bridge and Ivy-bridge) and nine SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks. Our models are easy-to-develop as they are automatically constructed without requiring the complex and protected information on hardware mechanisms. The overall errors in the LLC miss ratio prediction are 5.74% and 7.27%, respectively. The models are also expressive and remain applicable for Exterior-Points, i.e., LLC contention values greater than those observed during model construction. The errors for Exterior-Point prediction are 7.74% and 10.41%, respectively.
A Mobile Phone Based Authentication Service for Home Appliances

We demonstrate a prototype of a mobile phone based authentication service that can easily be used by home appliance users. The system employs the mobile phone's strong user identification capabilities such as UIMs, device identifiers or digital certificates to authenticate users over the mobile phone network while services are delivered to their appliances via the Internet. The authentication method is targeted to be used on home appliances such as digital televisions with web browsers which do not have rich interfaces. Therefore it is designed not to require users to enter any user information or to install any hardware and/or software into the appliance. This is achieved by binding a service session on the Internet and mobile network session using a barcode scanner on a mobile phone terminal. The prototype also provides an alternative method for mobile phone terminals which does not have a barcode scanner function to complement user availability.
SIGNAL RECONSTRUCTION FROM GIVEN PHASE OF THE FOURIER TRANSFORM USING FEJÉR MONOTONE METHODS

The aim is to reconstruct a signal function x ∈ L2 if the phase of the Fourier transform x̂ and some additional a-priori information of convex type are known. The problem can be described as a convex feasibility problem. We solve this problem by different Fejér monotone iterative methods comparing the results and discussing the choice of relaxation parameters. Since the a-priori information is partly related to the spectral space the Fourier transform and its inverse have to be applied in each iterative step numerically realized by FFT techniques. The computation uses MATLAB routines.
Avalanche Characteristics of Substitution-Permutation Encryption Networks

This paper develops analytical models for the avalanche characteristics of a class of block ciphers usually referred to as substitution-permutation encryption networks or SPNs. An SPN is considered to display good avalanche characteristics if a one bit change in the plaintext input is expected to result in close to half the ciphertext output bits changing. Good avalanche characteristics are important to ensure that a cipher is not susceptible to statistical attacks and the strength of an SPN's avalanche characteristics may be considered as a measure of the randomness of the ciphertext. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that the avalanche behavior of encryption networks can be improved by using larger S-boxes. As well, it is shown that increasing the diffusion properties of the S-boxes or replacing the permutations by diffusive linear transformations is effective in improving the network avalanche characteristics. >
Uses of Virtual Reality (VR) for Chronic Pain

Chronic pain affects many people worldwide with significant individual impact and societal cost. One such area involves the psychiatric co-morbidities associated with chronic pain. Despite its prevalence, the underlying mechanism of chronic pain is not fully understood although evidence suggests the importance of biologic, psychologic, and social factors in the perception of pain. Virtual reality has the potential to be a powerful therapeutic option for chronic pain. This may be due to its impact on attention, emotion, and potentially central nervous system plasticity. Virtual reality therapy has been used successfully for a variety of chronic pain conditions showing its potential. It has also been safely used in pediatric populations. However, the major current limitation is quality of evidence; therefore, future studies should aim to address this issue.
Does Human Milk Modulate Body Composition in Late Preterm Infants at Term-Corrected Age?

(1) Background: Late preterm infants account for the majority of preterm births and are at risk of altered body composition. Because body composition modulates later health outcomes and human milk is recommended as the normal method for infant feeding, we sought to investigate whether human milk feeding in early life can modulate body composition development in late preterm infants; (2) Methods: Neonatal, anthropometric and feeding data of 284 late preterm infants were collected. Body composition was evaluated at term-corrected age by air displacement plethysmography. The effect of human milk feeding on fat-free mass and fat mass content was evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis; (3) Results: Human milk was fed to 68% of the infants. According to multiple regression analysis, being fed any human milk at discharge and at term-corrected and being fed exclusively human milk at term-corrected age were positively associated with fat-free mass content(β = −47.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −95.7; −0.18; p = 0.049; β = −89.6, 95% CI = −131.5; −47.7; p < 0.0001; β = −104.1, 95% CI = −151.4; −56.7, p < 0.0001); (4) Conclusion: Human milk feeding appears to be associated with fat-free mass deposition in late preterm infants. Healthcare professionals should direct efforts toward promoting and supporting breastfeeding in these vulnerable infants.
Track : Responsibility in Public Management Representing accountability in complex urban environments

Municipal institutions and social housing corporations struggle to establish a shared representation of “decent” and “affordable” housing standards within economically and socially fragile urban areas. T hrough an example about common understandings of constrained social situations we show how collaborative capabilities are being transformed through the introduction of “hybrid” quality assessment standards. Analysis of the role of representation devices in configuring ethical imperatives in publi c housing policies reveals how different institutions attempt to bring togeth er within spatially embedded routines knowledge about, on the one hand, day-to-day, facilities management and on the other hand , public management stakes concerning social housing.
Shame or subsidy revisited: social mobilization for sanitation in Orissa, India.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of a sanitation campaign that combines 'shaming' (i.e. emotional motivators) with subsidies for poor households in rural Orissa, an Indian state with a disproportionately high share of India's child mortality. METHODS Using a cluster-randomized design, we selected 20 treatment and 20 control villages in the coastal district of Bhadrak, rural Orissa, for a total sample of 1050 households. We collected sanitation and health data before and after a community-led sanitation project, and we used a difference-in-difference estimator to determine the extent to which the campaign influenced the number of households building and using a latrine. FINDINGS Latrine ownership did not increase in control villages, but in treatment villages it rose from 6% to 32% in the overall sample, from 5% to 36% in households below the poverty line (eligible for a government subsidy) and from 7% to 26% in households above the poverty line (not eligible for a government subsidy). CONCLUSION Subsidies can overcome serious budget constraints but are not necessary to spur action, for shaming can be very effective by harnessing the power of social pressure and peer monitoring. Through a combination of shaming and subsidies, social marketing can improve sanitation worldwide.
Exciton Footprint of Self-assembled AlGaAs Quantum Dots in Core-Shell Nanowires

Quantum-dot-in-nanowire systems constitute building blocks for advanced photonics and sensing applications. The electronic symmetry of the emitters impacts their function capabilities. Here we study the fine structure of gallium-rich quantum dots nested in the shell of GaAs-Al-0.51 Ga-0.49 As core-shell nanowires. We used optical spectroscopy to resolve the splitting resulting from the exchange terms and extract the main parameters of the emitters. Our results indicate that the quantum dots can host neutral as well as charged excitonic complexes and that the excitons exhibit a slightly elongated footprint, with the main axis tilted with respect to the long axis of the host nanowire. GaAs-AlxGa1-xAs emitters in a nanowire are particularly promising for overcoming the limitations set by strain in other systems, with the benefit of being integrated in a versatile photonic structure.
Learning support framework for adult graduate students of information science

In this paper, we propose a learning support framework for adult graduate students of information science. It allows adult graduate students under time pressure to learn effectively. The course recommendation system that is a part of the framework presents an appropriate course for a student. The framework also provides a method to pursue the cause of obstructions of studies of adult graduate students.
Design considerations for an underwater soft-robot inspired from marine invertebrates

This article serves as an overview of the unique challenges and opportunities made possible by a soft, jellyfish inspired, underwater robot. We include a description of internal pressure modeling as it relates to propulsive performance, leading to a desired energy-minimizing volume flux program. Strategies for determining optimal actuator placement derived from biological body motions are presented. In addition a feedback mechanism inspired by the epidermal line sensory system of cephalopods is presented, whereby internal pressure distribution can be used to determine pertinent deformation parameters.
Field test upscaling of multi-agent coordination in the electricity grid

With the share of distributed energy resources and renewable energy source (DER/RES) rapidly increasin g in the electricity grid, a new way of coordination is required to look after the interests of all the stakeholders. The PowerMatcher multi-agent coordination concept has b demonstrated in two relatively small field tests, ia single optimisation goal was achieved. Currently, a new field test is designed to test the PowerMatcher con cept, where it coordinates up to one hundred DER/RES dev ices in approximately thirty households, with different stakeholders and multiple (potentially conflicting) optimisation goals involved.
The Study of Different Types of SRAM Cells Designed for Usages with Low Power Consumption

Today, with the development of the semi-conductive devices building technology, the speed and power consumption parameters play a major role in increasing the electronic devices capability and speed. Because the electronic chips with high speed and low power consumption have always been the favorite choice for the military industries and research and commercial centers. The elite group of scientists and chip designers in chip making companies such as Intel, IBM and Soltra advanced all their activities towards making high-speed chips with high capabilities and low power consumption rate. The electronic systems are made up of two parts, namely analogue and digital. The digital systems are bigger and bulkier. Therefore, they are more decisive in the designing competition. When designing the digital systems, various parameters such as the chip performance, power consumption, leaking current and supply voltage are of significant importance. On the other hand, the SRAM memories are considered as one main part on the SOCs circuits. This type of memories does not require information readouts. Thus, their speed is considerably higher than the dynamic memories. Therefore, the static memories are fast and expensive. Static memories are utilized for building the microprocessor Cache memories (speed-sensitive). The SRAM memories waste a considerable amount of power consumption (roughly 45%) in computer systems. Hence, the power consumption reduction techniques should be considered when designing the SRAM memories. In this paper, first various cells which were designed and proposed to date are studied in terms of stability and power consumption. Second, the existing challenges regarding these cells are indicated. Then, the designed cells power consumption is studied in various technologies.
Hybrid QPSO based wavelet neural networks for network anomaly detection

In this paper, a novel hybrid algorithm based wavelet neural network (WNN) is proposed for network anomaly detection. This new evolutionary algorithm, which is based on a hybrid of quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) and conjugate gradient algorithm (CG), is employed to train WNN. The quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization, which outperforms other optimization algorithm considerably on its simple architecture and fast convergence, has previously applied to solve optimum problem. Due to the particles in the multi-dimensional space seeking the best position so quickly, it would result in the dangerous of stagnation, which would make the QPSO impossible to arrive at the global optimum. In order to overcome defects of QPSO, the improved hybrid algorithm was proposed. Experimental result on KDD 99 intrusion detection datasets shows that this WNN using the novel hybrid algorithm has high detection rate while maintaining a low false positive rate.
BARBARA HELLER and HEINRICH HERRE ONTOLOGICAL CATEGORIES IN GOL

General Ontological Language (GOL) is a formal framework for representing and building ontologies. The purpose of GOL is to provide a system of top-level ontologies which can be used as a basis for building domain-specific ontologies. The present paper gives an overview about the basic categories of the GOL-ontology. GOL is part of the work of the research group Ontologies in Medicine (Onto-Med) at the University of Leipzig which is based on collaborative work of the Institute of Medical Informatics (IMISE) and the Institute for Computer Science (IfI). It represents work in progress toward a proposal for an integrated family of top-level ontologies and will be applied to several fields of medicine, in particular to the field of Clinical Trials.
Non-universal corrections to the tension ratios in softly broken 𝒩 = 2 SU(N) gauge theory

Calculation by Douglas and Shenker of the tension ratios for vortices of different N-alities in the softly broken 𝒩 = 2 supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills theory is carried to the second order in the adjoint multiplet mass m. Corrections to the ratios violating the well known sine formula are found, showing that it is not a universal quantity.
Preliminary Analysis of STIS-HST Spectra of Compact Ejecta from Eta Carinae

We describe some preliminary results from spatially-resolved spectroscopy of the compact ejection knots B and D in the Eta Carinae wind. We emphasize various line diagnostics of the abundances, kinematics and physical conditions. The data are from new STIS-HST observations described by Gull et al. elsewhere in this volume.