Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Superando a pobreza: o papel do capital social na região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte

This article approaches the role of the social capital in the overcoming of the poverty in urban areas. Different of other studies that adopt a macro perspective for social capital, this article analyzes it as something inherent to the interactions between individuals, being capable to bring individual returns. Social capital is measured on the basis of the association of the individuals in diverse types of social organizations. The hypothesis, of that, exactly controlling for human capital and socioeconomic origin variables, how much bigger the individual reserve of social capital, bigger will be its possibility to get an income that allows it to surpass the poverty line, was tested by means of a logistic regression model, that evaluate the effect of variables in the probability of an individual surpass the poverty line. The data for this study are secondary (2002 edition of the Research of the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte/UFMG/BRAZIL). The results show that to be a member of social organizations has a significant effect in the possibilities of escaping poverty in a great metropolitan region of Brazil.
Dialogue-based Management of user Feedback in an Autonomous Preference Learning System

We present an enhanced method for user feedback in an autonomous learning system that includes a spoken dialogue system to manage the interactions between the users and the system. By means of a rule-based natural language understanding module and a state-based dialogue manager we allow the users to update the preferences learnt by the system from the data obtained from different sensors. The design of the dialogue together with the storage of context information (the previous dialogue turns and the current state of the dialogue) ensures highly natural interactions, reducing the number of dialogue turns and making it possible to use complex linguistic constructions instead of isolated commands.
Learner Modeling on the Semantic Web ?

Learners are assessed by several systems during their lifelong learning. Those systems can maintain fragments of information about a learner derived from his learning performance and/or assessment in that particular system. Customization services would perform better if they would be able to exchange as many relevant fragments of information about the learner as possible. This paper presents the conceptualization and implementation of a framework which provides a common base for the exchange of learner profiles between several sources. The exchange representation of learner profiles is based on standards. An API is designed and implemented to create/export and manipulate such learner profiles. The API is implemented for two cases, as a Java API and as web services with synchronized model exchange between multiple sources. Application cases of the API are discussed shortly as well. Furthermore, the process of importing learner models from foreign systems is analyzed. Possible conflicts are discussed and conflict handling in different types of learner systems is described.
Phylogenetic Method for High-Throughput Ortholog Detection

Accurate detection of orthologous proteins is a key aspect of comparative genomics. Orthologs in different species can be used to predict the function of uncontrived genes from model organisms as they retain the same biological function through the path of evolution. Orthologs can be inferred using phylogenetic, pair-wise similarity or synteny based methods. The study here describes a computational method for detecting orthologs of a protein. A phylogenetic tree based approach is used for identification of orthologous proteins. A Combination of species overlap algorithm and patristic distances is used for detecting orthologs of a protein from a set of FASTA sequences. Patristic distances have been used to drill the orthology predictions of any protein down to its closest orthologs. The approach gives a considerably good accuracy and has high specificity and precision. The use of Distance threshold allows controlling the stringency level of predictions so that the closeness and proximity between the protein of interest and its orthologs can be adjusted. Index Terms—Orthologs, comparative genomics, Phylogenetics, Species-overlap, Patristic distance.
PERANCANGAN HUG MACHINE WRAP UNTUK ALAT TERAPI AUTISME

Today children born with the syndrome of autism is increasing. People with autism have a greater sensitivity to stimulation motor. This will cause them to feel discomfort when making physical contact with another person. Autism therapy can use the device as a media aide. Media autism therapies to be developed is the hug machine wrap. This media uses the principle of doing deep pressure therapy. At the hug machine made from fabric following the body shape of the user. The fabric binding of the user's body from shoulders to toes. Ballon added as a producer of pressure. Balloon filled with air pressure and the pressure can be regulated. Hug machine wrap designed to create deep pressure by inflating a balloon on inside, fabric pattern design that can cover the shoulder down to the legs will give equal emphasis. Therapeutic application of deep pressure on children with autism are expected to assist in receiving physical contact to the social environment and increase peace of children with autism
Ubiquitination-Induced Fluorescence Complementation (UiFC) for Detection of K48 Ubiquitin Chains In Vitro and in Live Cells

Proteins can be modified with eight homogenous ubiquitin chains linked by an isopeptide bond between the C-terminus of one ubiquitin and an amine from one of the seven lysines or the N-terminal methionine of the next ubiquitin. These topologically distinct ubiquitin chains signal for many essential cellular functions, such as protein degradation, cell cycle progression, DNA repair, and signal transduction. The lysine 48 (K48)-linked ubiquitin chain is one of the most abundant chains and a major proteasome-targeting signal in cells. Despite recent advancements in imaging linkage-specific polyubiquitin chains, no tool is available for imaging K48 chains in live cells. Here we report on a ubiquitination-induced fluorescence complementation (UiFC) assay for detecting K48 ubiquitin chains in vitro and in live cells. For this assay, two nonfluorescent fragments of a fluorescent protein were fused to the ubiquitin-interacting motifs (UIMs) of epsin1 protein. Upon simultaneous binding to a ubiquitin chain, the nonfluorescent fragments of the two fusion proteins are brought in close proximity to reconstitute fluorescence. When used in vitro, UiFC preferentially detected K48 ubiquitin chains with excellent signal-to-noise ratio. Time-lapse imaging revealed that UiFC is capable of monitoring increases in polyubiquitination induced by treatment with proteasome inhibitor, by agents that induce stress, and during mitophagy in live cells.
Hand preferences in sign-learning students with autistic disorder

The purpose of the study was fourfold: (a) to document the hand preferences of nonspeaking individuals with autism as they produced signs and nonsign actions; (b) to find out if sign-language proficiency in such individuals is associated with directionality or consistency of signing hand preference; (c) to explore the link between hand preference for signing and standardised measures of cognitive and motor development; (d) to compare the hand preferences (sign and nonsign actions) of such individuals to sign-learning children with normal cognitive functioning. In this study, the hand preferences of 14 nonspeaking students with autistic disorder were determined from videotape records of their sign production and nonsign actions. In their sign production, four students strongly favoured their right hands, four had a distinct left-hand preference, and six did not significantly favour either hand. There was little evidence linking sign-language proficiency, cognitive maturity, or motor development to strongly lateralised signing or handedness in general in these students. Compared with the hand preferences of the children in the two comparison groups, the autistic students were markedly less lateralised with respect to signing, but not nonsign actions.
Matroid theory

The comments below apply to all printings of the book dated 2005 or earlier. The table following contains more than just a list of typing errors. Some statements and proofs have been corrected, simplified, or clarified. Moreover, the current status has been given for all the unsolved problems or conjectures that appear in Chapter 14. For those changes that simply involve the insertion of extra words, the corrected text is given with the inserted words underlined. It is planned to update this table at regular intervals and, eventually, these changes should be incorporated into the next printing of the book. The reader is encouraged to send the author <oxley@math.lsu. edu> corrections that do not appear in the table below.
Cytomegalovirus Infection Accelerates Inflammation in Vascular Tissue Overexpressing Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Atherosclerosis is responsible for most of this pathology and is an inflammatory disease with multiple cytokines and adhesion molecules expressed during atherogenesis. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), monocytes, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) have all been implicated in human atherogenesis. A transgenic mouse overexpressing MCP-1 in the myocardium and pulmonary arteries develops myocarditis and pulmonary vascular inflammation. We infected MCP-1 transgenic mice with a sublethal dose of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) to look for evidence of accelerated inflammation in vascular tissues overexpressing MCP-1 to determine if MCMV could interact with monocytes and MCP-1 in a manner similar to what may occur in atherogenesis. MCMV infection of MCP-1 transgenic mice caused ascites, myocarditis, and pulmonary artery inflammation, which was not present in mock-infected MCP-1 or MCMV-infected wild-type mice. Inflammatory infiltrates in these tissues consisted of macrophages and T lymphocytes similar to the infiltrates seen in atherosclerosis. Virus presence in inflamed tissues was demonstrated by infecting transgenic mice with MCMV recombinant virus containing the gene sequence for the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Human CMV could be involved in atherogenesis in a similar manner by interacting with monocytes and MCP-1 specifically expressed in vascular walls.
Microsurgical and laser ablation analysis of leaf positioning and dorsoventral patterning in tomato

Leaves are arranged according to regular patterns, a phenomenon referred to as phyllotaxis. Important determinants of phyllotaxis are the divergence angle between successive leaves, and the size of the leaves relative to the shoot axis. Young leaf primordia are thought to provide positional information to the meristem, thereby influencing the positioning of new primordia and hence the divergence angle. On the contrary, the meristem signals to the primordia to establish their dorsoventral polarity, which is a prerequisite for the formation of a leaf blade. These concepts originate from classical microsurgical studies carried out between the 1920s and the 1970s. Even though these techniques have been abandoned in favor of genetic analysis, the resulting insights remain a cornerstone of plant developmental biology. Here, we employ new microsurgical techniques to reassess and extend the classical studies on phyllotaxis and leaf polarity. Previous experiments have indicated that the isolation of an incipient primordium by a tangential incision caused a change of divergence angle between the two subsequent primordia, indicating that pre-existing primordia influence further phyllotaxis. Here, we repeat these experiments and compare them with the results of laser ablation of incipient primordia. Furthermore, we explore to what extent the different pre-existing primordia influence the size and position of new organs, and hence phyllotaxis. We propose that the two youngest primordia (P1 and P2) are sufficient for the approximate positioning of the incipient primordium (I1), and therefore for the perpetuation of the generative spiral, whereas the direct contact neighbours of I1 (P2 and P3) control its delimitation and hence its exact size and position. Finally, we report L1-specific cell ablation experiments suggesting that the meristem L1 layer is essential for the dorsoventral patterning of leaf primordia.
Quantitative microarray spot profile optimization: A systematic evaluation of buffer/slide combinations

The non-trivial choice of a good combination of microarray spotting buffer and slide chemistry is critical for the reliability of microarray hybridization experiments. This choice determines the morphology of spots and, moreover, the variance of that morphology. Both strongly affect how well the extracted intensity signals correspond to sample RNA abundances. Comparisons of different buffer/slide combinations, however, have tended to be subjective, and are not suitable for a systematic approach. Spot morphology and its variance were assessed objectively by measuring the average and variance of radial spot pixel intensity profiles. The variances assessed comprised deviations from radial symmetry and spot-to-spot reproducibility, as well as general pin-to-pin differences and slide effects. A quantitative and systematic evaluation of over 24×6 buffer / slide combinations yielded a new protocol giving superior spot profiles with minimal variance whilst also scoring excellently on other technical requirements. The process introduced here can generally be applied to evaluate new materials and technologies as they emerge. Software is available on request from the authors. For an online supplement, please see http://www.inference. phy.cam. ac.uk/dpk20/spotprofiles/. Correspondence: D.Kreil@gen.cam. ac.uk
Towards understanding replication of software engineering experiments

Summary form only given. To consolidate a body of knowledge built upon evidence, experimental results have to be extensively verified. Experiments need replication at other times and under other conditions before they can produce an established piece of knowledge. Several replications need to be run to strengthen the evidence. Most SE experiments have not been replicated. If an experiment is not replicated, there is no way to distinguish whether results were produced by chance (the observed event occurred accidentally), results are artifactual (the event occurred because of the experimental configuration but does not exist in reality) or results conform to a pattern existing in reality. The immaturity of experimental SE knowledge has been an obstacle to replication. Context differences usually oblige SE experimenters to adapt experiments for replication. As key experimental conditions are yet unknown, slight changes in replications have led to differences in the results that prevent verification. There are still many uncertainties about how to proceed with replications of SE experiments. Should replicators reuse the baseline experiment materials? How much liaison should there be among the original and replicating experimenters, if any? What elements of the experimental configuration can be changed for the experiment to be considered a replication rather than a new experiment? The aim of replication is to verify results, but different types of replication serve special verification purposes and afford different degrees of change. Each replication type helps to discover particular experimental conditions that might influence the results. We need to learn which types of replications are feasible in SE as well as the acceptable changes for each type and the level of verification provided.
Molecular Targeted Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Where Are We Now?

Seven years have passed since sorafenib was approved as a systemic chemotherapeutic agent that improves survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite numerous studies over subsequent years aimed at developing novel molecular targeted agents, no new drugs have produced positive results to date. Because of the difficulties faced in developing novel agents, the patients selected for drug development trials have shifted from those with similar hepatic functions and tumor stages, as in conventional trials, to those with homogeneous biological characteristics based on biomarkers. In addition, a promising new strategy in the development of treatments for HCC is the emerging field of immuno-oncology. However, to reduce medical costs, it is necessary to take a broad perspective to drug development by, for example, incorporating new concepts such as a master protocol system.
Accident identi ® cation in nuclear power plants using hidden Markov models

The identi®cation of the type of accident during the early stages of an accident in a nuclear power plant is crucial for the selection of the appropriate response actions. A plant accident can be identi®ed by its time-dependent patterns, related to the principal variables. The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) can be applied to accident identi®cation, which is a spatial and temporal pattern-recognition problem. The HMM is created for each accident from a set of training data by the maximumlikelihood estimation method, which uses an algorithm that employs both forward and backward chaining, and a Baum±Welch re-estimation algorithm. The accident identi®cation is decided by calculating which model has the highest probability for the given test data. The optimal path for each model at the given observation is found by the Viterbi algorithm, and the probability of the optimal path is then calculated. The system uses a left-to-right HMM, including six states and 22 input variables, to classify eight types of accidents and a normal state. The simulation results show that the proposed system identi®es the accident types correctly. It is also shown that the identi®cation is performed well for incomplete input observations caused by sensor faults or by the malfunctioning of certain equipment. # 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Targeting Neddylation pathways to inactivate cullin-RING ligases for anticancer therapy.

SIGNIFICANCE Protein neddylation is catalyzed by an E1 NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE), an E2 NEDD8-conjugating enzyme, and an E3 NEDD8 ligase. Known physiological substrates of neddylation are cullin family members. Cullin neddylation leads to activation of cullin-RING ligases (CRLs), the largest family of E3 ubiquitin ligases responsible for ubiquitylation and degradation of many key signaling/regulatory proteins. Thus, through modulating CRLs, neddylation regulates many biological processes, including cell cycle progression, signal transduction, and tumorigenesis. Given that NEDD8 is overexpressed and CRLs are abnormally activated in many human cancers, targeting protein neddylation, in general, and cullin neddylation, in particular, appears to be an attractive anticancer approach. RECENT ADVANCES MLN4924, a small molecule inhibitor of NAE, was discovered that inactivates CRLs and causes accumulation of CRL substrates to suppress tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Promising preclinical results advanced MLN4924 to several clinical trials for anticancer therapy. CRITICAL ISSUES In preclinical settings, MLN4924 effectively suppresses tumor cell growth by inducing apoptosis, senescence, and autophagy, and causes sensitization to chemoradiation therapies in a cellular context-dependent manner. Signal molecules that determine the cell fate upon MLN4924 treatment, however, remain elusive. Cancer cells develop MLN4924 resistance by selecting target mutations. FUTURE DIRECTIONS In the clinical side, several Phase 1b trials are under way to determine the safety and efficacy of MLN4924, acting alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy, against human solid tumors. In the preclinical side, the efforts are being made to develop additional neddylation inhibitors by targeting NEDD8 E2s and E3s.
The A445C Variant in Apelin Receptor and Diabetic Retinopathy in Tunisian Patients.

BACKGROUND Apelin and apelin receptor (APLN/APLNR) are involved in the retinal neovascularization of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS This study investigated the impact of the APLNR A445C variant on the risk of DR in a sample of the Tunisian population (100 patients with DR and 105 healthy controls) using PCR-RFLP. RESULTS The genotype frequencies of the APLNR A445C variant were not significantly different between the patient and control groups. The genotype was not associated with DR (OR = 1.49; 95% CI [0.49 - 4.48], p = 0.47 for the AC heterozygous genotype and OR = 1.57; 95% CI [0.43 - 5.71], p = 0.49 for the CC homozygous genotype). Furthermore, the clinical and biochemical parameters according to the APLNR A445C genotypes revealed that only total cholesterol (TC) was significantly higher in the DR group with the CC genotype compared to the AA genotype (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The APLNR A445C polymorphism was not associated with DR in a sample of the Tunisian population, but the CC genotype carrier patients with DR had a high TC concentration.
Statistical analysis on aggregate and flow based traffic features distribution

Anomaly traffic detection is one method to detect attack in internet, especially Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). Here, traffic analysis which reveal the observed traffic pattern is key important process as the anomaly decision was taken based on traffic analysis. This research analyzed several statistical analysis of traffic datasets categorized as normal, DDoS attack and flashcrowd. Analysis done in aggregate and per-flow traffic level which showed similarity and difference in each category. Windowing technic used to measure instantaneous statistical value. The result showed several statistical difference which could be used to categorized types of anomaly, especially to identify normal threshold. Flow to normal average flow distance distribution perform not followed Gaussian distribution.
Comprehensive Histologic Analysis of ALK-Rearranged Lung Carcinomas

A subset (1% to 5%) of non-small-cell lung carcinomas harbors the EML4-ALK fusion gene. Data from previous studies on the histomorphology of ALK-rearranged lung cancer are inconsistent, and the specific histologic parameters that characterize this subset and how accurately such parameters predict underlying ALK abnormality remain uncertain. To answer these questions, we performed a comprehensive histologic analysis of 54 surgically resected, extensively sampled ALK-rearranged lung carcinomas and compared them with 100 consecutive resections of ALK-wild-type lung cancers. All 54 cases showed at least a focal adenocarcinoma component, and 3 and 2 cases had additional squamous and sarcomatoid differentiation, respectively. Solid or acinar growth pattern, cribriform structure, presence of mucous cells (signet-ring cells or goblet cells), abundant extracellular mucus, lack of lepidic growth, and lack of significant nuclear pleomorphism were more common in ALK-positive cancers. Two recognizable constellations of findings, a solid signet-ring cell pattern and a mucinous cribriform pattern, were present at least focally in the majority (78%) of ALK-positive tumors, but were rare (1%) in ALK-negative tumors. Multivariate analysis showed that a combination of these 2 patterns was the most powerful histologic indicator of ALK rearrangement. Characteristic histologies were present both in primary sites and in metastases. Thus, histologic findings may help to identify cases for ALK testing. However, none of the histologic parameters were completely sensitive or specific to ALK rearrangement, and histomorphology should not replace confirmatory molecular or immunohistochemical studies. ALK-positive cancers commonly showed coexpression of thyroid transcription factor-1 and p63, and its significance is currently unclear.