Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solitary Fibrous Tumor in the Round Ligament of the Liver: A Fortunate Intraoperative Discovery

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms of fibroblastic origin, most commonly found in the pleura. Numerous extrathoracic locations have been reported during the last 2 decades. Herein, we report the first case of an SFT in the round ligament of the liver. A 46-year-old Caucasian man presented with a 12-month history of abdominal pain. An ultrasonography-guided microbiopsy first revealed a desmoid tumor. After failure of first- and second-line medical treatments (celecoxib and tamoxifen, then imatinib), histological reexamination was suspicious for a low-grade sarcoma. MRI was also suspicious for a malignant process. Hence, surgery was decided. Laparotomy found a huge and well-limited tumor that, unexpectedly, was appended to the round ligament of the liver and free from any other intra-abdominal contact. The tumor was easily removed. Excision was monobloc and macroscopically complete. Histological analysis diagnosed an SFT arising from the round ligament of the liver. No adjuvant treatment was given. Ten months after surgery, the patient is alive without any signs or symptoms of relapse. This is the first report of SFT arising from the round ligament of the liver. It illustrates the difficulty in diagnosing such tumors. Whilst diagnosis of SFT is rare, it should be kept in mind to allow early diagnosis and complete surgical resection, which provide the best chance for recovery.
Mechanisms linking obesity to male infertility

Introduction Obesity in men is associated with infertility in numerous studies. The current trend for decline in semen parameters parallels the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide. In addition to impaired semen quality, fertility among obese men may be affected by sexual dysfunction, endocrinopathy, aromatization activity, psychological and thermal effects, sleep apnea, leptin and minor toxins, and possibly the inflammatory and obstructive elements of epididymitis pathology. The variable degrees of certainty associated with these causes parallel the levels of supporting evidence. This search aims to shed lights on different conditions that obese men suffer from; as that makes the treatment of infertility more categorized. Material and methods A PubMed search was conducted to identify clinical and pathological mechanisms linking obesity to male infertility. Results Among the myriad of publications reviewed in this paper, impaired spermatogenesis and sexual dysfunction have been shown to drive other variables towards poor fertility potentials. The paper presented a new, detailed flow chart showing more factors and further interactions among conditions leading to infertility. Conclusions The prime hormonal defect in obese men is hypotestosteronaemia, which results in impaired spermatogenesis leading to poor fecundability. Studies have shown that most mechanisms accounting for reduced fertility potentials in overweight men are reversible.
Fundamentals of Superior Properties in Bulk NanoSPD Materials

Bulk nanoSPD materials are materials with nanostructural features, such as nanograins, nanoclusters, or nanotwins, produced by severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques. Such nanostructured materials are fully dense and contamination free and in many cases they have superior mechanical and functional properties. Here, we provide a critical overview of such materials, with a focus on the fundamentals for the observed extraordinary properties. We discuss the unique nanostructures that lead to the superior properties, the underlying deformation mechanisms, the critical issues that remain to be investigated, future research directions, and the application potential of such materials.
Allergy and asthma prevention 2014

Asthma and allergic diseases have become one of the epidemics of the 21st century in developed countries. Much of the success of other areas of medicine, such as infectious diseases, lies on preventive measures. Thus, much effort is also being placed lately in the prevention of asthma and allergy. This manuscript reviews the current evidence, divided into four areas of activity. Interventions modifying environmental exposure to allergens have provided inconsistent results, with multifaceted interventions being more effective in the prevention of asthma. Regarding nutrition, the use of hydrolyzed formulas in high‐risk infants reduces the incidence of atopic dermatitis, while there is for now not enough evidence to recommend other dietary modifications, pre‐biotics, probiotics, or other microbial products. Pharmacologic agents used until now for prevention have not proved useful, while there is hope that antiviral vaccines could be useful in the future. Allergen‐specific immunotherapy is effective for the treatment of allergic patients with symptoms; the study of its value for primary and secondary prevention of asthma and allergy is in its very preliminary phases. The lack of success in the prevention of these disorders lies on their complexity, which involves many genetic, epigenetic, and environmental interactions. There is a need to identify target populations, involved mechanisms and interactions, and the best interventions. These must be effective, feasible, implementable, and affordable.
Identification of architectural technical debt: An analysis based on naming patterns

Hasty software development can produce immediate implementations with source code unnecessarily complex and hardly readable. These small kinds of software decay generate a technical debt that could be big enough to seriously affect future maintenance activities. This work presents an analysis technique for identifying architectural technical debt related to non-uniformity of naming patterns; the technique is based on term frequency over package hierarchies. The proposal has been evaluated on projects of two popular organizations, Apache and Eclipse. The results have shown that most of the projects have frequent occurrences of the proposed naming patterns, and using a graph model and aggregated data could enable the elaboration of simple queries for debt identification. The technique has features that favor its applicability on emergent architectures and agile software development.
Magnesium homeostasis in cattle: absorption and excretion

Abstract Magnesium (Mg2+) is an essential mineral without known specific regulatory mechanisms. In ruminants, plasma Mg2+ concentration depends primarily on the balance between Mg2+ absorption and Mg2+ excretion. The primary site of Mg2+ absorption is the rumen, where Mg2+ is apically absorbed by both potential-dependent and potential-independent uptake mechanisms, reflecting involvement of ion channels and electroneutral transporters, respectively. Transport is energised in a secondary active manner by a basolateral Na+/Mg2+ exchanger. Ruminal transport of Mg2+ is significantly influenced by a variety of factors such as high K+ concentration, sudden increases of ammonia, pH, and the concentration of SCFA. Impaired Mg2+ absorption in the rumen is not compensated for by increased transport in the small or large intestine. While renal excretion can be adjusted to compensate precisely for any surplus in Mg2+ uptake, a shortage in dietary Mg2+ cannot be compensated for either via skeletal mobilisation of Mg2+ or via up-regulation of ruminal absorption. In such situations, hypomagnesaemia will lead to decrease of a Mg2+ in the cerebrospinal fluid and clinical manifestations of tetany. Improved knowledge concerning the factors governing Mg2+ homeostasis will allow reliable recommendations for an adequate Mg2+ intake and for the avoidance of possible disturbances. Future research should clarify the molecular identity of the suggested Mg2+ transport proteins and the regulatory mechanisms controlling renal Mg excretion as parameters influencing Mg2+ homeostasis.
Ranking Transfer and Constraint Emergence in the Interlanguage

Second language learners tend to transfer phonological constraints and pronunciations from their first language (L1) into their second language (L2) (Gass and Selinker 1994). Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993) captures the phonology of the L1 using a system of ranked constraints. The ranking of constraints provides us with a detailed understanding of the phonological processes that occur in the language. For example, which constraints are higher ranked or more prominent within that language, as well as which constraints the language is willing to violate in order to satisfy the higher ranked constraints is inherent within the theory. The goal of this paper is to rank the constraints of Brazilian Portuguese (henceforth BP) syllable structure, adopting an Optimality Theory approach, and determine if native speakers of BP transfer the ranking into their L2 English. First, the paper gives a brief overview of syllable structure, and secondly, it discusses aspects of the phonological system of BP (i.e. regressive nasalization, the vowel system, and lateral/vowel gliding), including constraints on the syllable structure (onset and rhyme) as compared to those in English. Next, the methodology of the data collection is presented. The data collected were English sentences read by native speakers of BP that contained phonological constructions found in English but not in BP. Then, a phonetic and phonological analysis has been done on the collected data and is presented in §5. Next, the constraints on BP syllable structure are ranked, and finally that ranking is compared and contrasted to the L2 English ranking, as well as L1 English. It was found that the constraint on the coda in BP was transferred high in the interlanguage ranking, and thus processes like regressive assimilation of nasality/nasal
Prenatal Gonadal Steroids Affect Adult Spatial Behavior, CA1 and CA3 Pyramidal Cell Morphology in Rats

The present study assessed whether prenatal androgen and estrogen exposure affected adult spatial learning and hippocampal morphology. Water maze performance, the CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cell field, and the dentate gyrus-granule cell layer (DG-GCL) morphology were assessed at adulthood (70+ days of age) in males, females, androgen-treated (testosterone propionate, TP, or dihydrotestosterone propionate, DHTP) females (2-4 mg/day), estradiol benzoate (EB)-treated females (100 microgram/day), and males treated with the antiandrogen flutamide (8 mg/day). Pregnant rats were injected daily (sc) between Embryonic Day 16 and birth; all pups were delivered by cesarean section. Flutamide-treated males were castrated upon delivery, and adult castrates were used to control for activational effects. Steroid-sensitive sex differences were observed in water maze performance in favor of males. Males had larger CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cell field volumes and soma sizes than females, which were feminized with flutamide treatment. TP and EB, but not DHTP, masculinized CA1 pyramidal cell field volume and neuronal soma size; CA3 was masculinized in both TP- and DHTP-treated females, while EB was ineffective. No effects were observed in cell density, number, or DG-GCL volume or due to adult hormone levels. Thus, prenatal androgens and estrogen influence sex differences in adult spatial navigation and exert differential effects on CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cell morphology. Hence, in addition to the previously reported postnatal component, there is also a prenatal component to the critical period in which gonadal steroids organize the neural mechanisms underlying sex differences in adult spatial ability.
Phenotypic and functional markers for 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3‐modified regulatory dendritic cells

The clinical use of dendritic cells (DCs) to induce antigen‐specific immune tolerance has been hampered by the lack of a widely acknowledged method for generating human regulatory DCs but even more so by the non‐existence of reliable markers. Thus, we set out to find reliable markers that can be measured with simple methods to identify regulatory DCs that are applicable for future clinical studies. Human DCs were generated from peripheral blood monocytes in the presence of 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3), which gave rise to a phenotype that resembles immature DCs, with the exception of high CD14 and reduced CD1a on the cell surface. These VD3‐treated DCs exert a long‐lasting inefficient T cell stimulation and induce T cell hyporesponsiveness with regulatory potential. Importantly, such VD3‐treated DCs were readily distinguishable from untreated DCs by low levels of interleukin‐23 secretion and low expression of miR‐155 upon exposure to maturation stimuli. Furthermore, VD3‐treated DCs showed over‐expression of miR‐378. All these features can be used as robust markers for quality control of VD3‐treated regulatory DCs in future clinical studies.
Dynamic obstacles detection and 3D map updating

We present a real time method for updating a 3D map with dynamic obstacles detection. Moving obstacles are detected through ray-casting on spherical voxelization of point clouds. We evaluate the accuracy of this method on a point cloud dataset, suitably constructed for testing ray-surface intersection under relative motion conditions. Moreover, we show the benefits of the map updating in a real robot equipped with a rotating LIDAR system, navigating in real world scenarios, populated by moving people.
Piroxicam may reduce the rate of progression of experimental diabetic neuropathy

We studied the effect of piroxicam, a long acting inhibitor of platelet aggregation, on the evolution of neuropathy in diabetic rats. We treated half of the rats with piroxicam and serially studied sensory and motor nerve conduction during 20 weeks of diabetes. The sensory nerve action potential amplitude was the same in treated and untreated rats before diabetes, and declined steadily as duration of diabetes increased. In treated rats, the amplitude fell more slowly and by 16 weeks and thereafter was significantly higher than in untreated rats. Sensory conduction velocity and motor nerve conduction studies were not affected by piroxicam treatment. The results suggest that piroxicam may slow the rate of progression of neuropathy in diabetic rats, probably by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
Integrated Optimization Of Transportation And Supply Concepts In The Automotive Industry

A growing cost pressure due to increasing transportation costs and a changing environment call for a flexible adaptability of the inbound logistics processes in the automotive industry. Therefore, these processes need to be continuously reviewed for efficiency potentials. This paper provides an optimization model that allows for the integrated cost assessment of supply and transportation concepts. Additionally, the idea of green logistics is addressed by including the costs for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the optimization model. The model is applied to an industrial case of a commercial vehicle manufacturer. The results show that delivery frequencies and the consideration of the entire material flow of a transport relation are main influence factors. The integration of CO2 emissions shows that the emissions can be reduced while only slightly increasing logistics costs.
PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELITE SERBIAN SOCCER PLAYERS

The purpose of this study was to describe structural and functional characteristics of elite Serbian soccer players and to make comparisons with non-elite counterparts. One of the teams in the study (Squad A; nA = 16) competed in the professional First National League while the other team (Squad B; nB = 16) played in the amateur Third Division. Physiological measurements were made in 32 players, during the final week of the preparatory training period. Subjects from Squad A were older (23.8 ± 3.4 vs. 21.5 ± 3.2 years, P < 0.05) and more experienced (7.5 ± 3.1 vs. 4.8 ± 2.8 years, P < 0.05) as compared to players in Squad B. Players from Squad B had significantly lower estimated VO2 max values compared with elite subjects in Squad A (42.9 ± 6.6 vs. 53.5 ± 8.6 ml·kg-1·min-1, P < 0.05). In addition, the highest heart rate frequencies during the last minute of the 20-m shuttle run test were lower in elite players (183.1 ± 6.1 vs. 189.9 ± 8.1 beats·min-1, P < 0.05). Vertical jump height was significantly higher in Squad A (47.6 ± 5.7 vs. 46.2 ± 5.5 cm, P < 0.05) and estimated percentage of fast muscle fibers (fast twitches) were higher in Squad A as compared to Squad B (62.8 ± 7.7 vs. 57.4 ± 8.1%, P < 0.05). The results of the present study support previous investigations indicating a strong relationship between aerobic fitness, anaerobic power and performance results in elite soccer.
Contemporary Issues in the Treatment of Schizophrenia

Biochemistry, Neuropathology, and Genetics of Schizophrenia. The biochemical basis of schizophrenia. Postmortem brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. The new genetics of schizophrenia. Clinical and Diagnostic Issues in Schizophrenia. The diagnosis of schizophrenia. Conceptual models of the relationship between positive and negative symptoms. Epidemiology of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Depression in schizophrenia. Diagnostic and treatment issues in late-onset schizophrenia. Neuropsychological function in schizophrenia. Relationship of structural brain changes to antipsychotic drug response in schizophrenia. Gender differences in schizophrenia. Pharmacological Treatments. Standard and novel antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia. Dopaminergic and serotonergic mechanisms in the action of standard and atypical neuroleptics. Clozapine in treatment-refractory schizophrenia. Drug treatment of negative schizophrenic symptoms. Antipsychotic medication and the long-term course of schizophrenia. Neuroleptic noncompliance in schizophrenia. Clinical use of neuroleptic plasma levels. Do neuroleptic-responsive and neuroleptic-resistant patients have different illnesses? Recent neuroleptic maintenance strategies in the management of schizophrenia. Adjunctive nonneuroleptic agents in treatment-refractory schizophrenia. Neuroleptic-Induced Side Effects. Acute extrapyramidal syndromes. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Nonextrapyramidal side effects of typical antipsychotic drugs. Tardive dyskinesia. Tardive psychosis. Psychosocial Treatments. Biopsychosocial factors affecting the course of schizophrenia. Family management of schizophrenia. Psychiatric rehabilitation and case management in schizophrenia. Psychotherapeutic management, social skills training, and vocational rehabilitation in schizophrenia. Quality-of-life issues in medicated schizophrenic patients. Psychosocial treatment of substance abuse in schizophrenic patients. Integrating pharmacological and psychosocial treatments in schizophrenia. Individualizing treatment needs in schizophrenia. Index.
Role of RAG1 autoubiquitination in V(D)J recombination

Significance The immune system of vertebrates has to respond to a great variety of infectious agents. Its power to meet these challenges relies on the assembly of a diverse set of genes for antibodies and T-cell receptors from large arrays of gene segments. This genomic reshuffling, known as V(D)J recombination, is initiated by the RAG1 and RAG2 proteins working together to cut DNA at specific sites. In addition to its role in DNA cleavage, RAG1 is known to contain a ubiquitin ligase activity that attaches ubiquitin to itself, as well as other proteins. Here we show that ubiquitination of RAG1, which can be promoted by RAG1’s own ubiquitin ligase activity, is a powerful activator of the DNA cutting and recombination activity of RAG1/RAG2. The variable domains of Ig and T-cell receptor genes in vertebrates are assembled from gene fragments by the V(D)J recombination process. The RAG1–RAG2 recombinase (RAG1/2) initiates this recombination by cutting DNA at the borders of recombination signal sequences (RSS) and their neighboring gene segments. The RAG1 protein is also known to contain a ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, located in an N-terminal region that is not strictly required for the basic recombination reaction but helps to regulate recombination. The isolated E3 ligase domain was earlier shown to ubiquitinate one site in a neighboring RAG1 sequence. Here we show that autoubiquitination of full-length RAG1 at this specific residue (K233) results in a large increase of DNA cleavage by RAG1/2. A mutational block of the ubiquitination site abolishes this effect and inhibits recombination of a test substrate in mouse cells. Thus, ubiquitination of RAG1, which can be promoted by RAG1’s own ubiquitin ligase activity, plays a significant role in governing the level of V(D)J recombination activity.
Voice Encrypted Recognition Authentication - VERA

We propose VERA - an authentication scheme where sensitive data on mobile phones can be secured or whereby services can be locked by the user's voice. Our algorithm takes use of acoustic fingerprints to identify the personalized voice. The security of the algorithm depends on the discrete logarithm problem in ZN where N is a safe prime. Further we evaluate two practical examples on Android devices where our scheme is used: First the encryption of any data(set). Second locking a mobile phone. Voice is the basic for both of the fields.
A Logical Study of Local and Global Graded Similarities

In this work we study the relationship between global and local similarities in the graded framework of fuzzy class theory (FCT), in which there already exists a graded notion of similarity. In FCT we can express the fact that a fuzzy relation is reflexive, symmetric, or transitive up to a certain degree, and similarity is defined as a first-order sentence, which is the fusion of three sentences corresponding to the graded notions of reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity. This allows us to speak in a natural way of the degree of similarity of a relation. We consider global similarities defined from local similarities using t-norms as aggregation operators, and we obtain some results in the framework of FCT that, adequately interpreted, allow us to say that when we take a t-norm as an aggregation operator, the properties of reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity of fuzzy binary relations are inherited from the local to the global level, and that the global similarity is a congruence if some of the local similarities are congruences.
Divorce Australian style: A demographic analysis

Abstract A recent administrative decision having seriously disrupted the database from which divorce trends and patterns in Australia can be monitored, the time is opportune to take stock of the country's divorce experience. This is done by examining marriage duration-specific proportions divorcing and cumulative rates of divorce calculated for annual synthetic and real first marriage, remarriage and total marriage cohorts. The response to the advent of ‘no-fault’ divorce in 1976 is demonstrated, and the subsequent emergence of new equilibria in cross-sectional levels of divorce to given marriage durations which seem to render them good predictors of the eventual experience of contemporary marriage cohorts is traced. While remarriages following divorce always have been more dissolution-prone than first marriages, the latter are shown to have dramatically narrowed the gap following the re-evaluation of normative sanctions against divorce which both led to and was stimulated by ‘no-fault’ legislation. Reaso.