Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Glucose Metabolism and Nitrogen Utilization in Two Brassicaceae Species under Bicarbonate and Variable Ammonium Soil Conditions

In karst habitats under drought conditions, high bicarbonate (high pH), and an abundant nitrate soil environment, bicarbonate regulates the glycolysis (EMP) and pentose phosphate pathways (PPP), which distribute ATP and NADPH, affecting nitrate (NO3−) and ammonium (NH4+) utilization in plants. However, the relationship between EMP PPP and NO3−, and NH4+ utilization and their responses to bicarbonate and variable ammonium still remains elusive. In this study, we used Brassica napus (Bn, a non-karst-adaptable plant) and Orychophragmus violaceus (Ov, a karst-adaptable plant) as plant materials, employed a bidirectional nitrogen-isotope-tracing method, and performed the quantification of the contribution of EMP and PPP. We found that bicarbonate and ammonium inhibited glucose metabolism and nitrogen utilization in Bn under simulated karst habitats. On the other hand, it resulted in a shift from EMP to PPP to promote ammonium utilization in Ov under high ammonium stress in karst habitats. Compared with Bn, bicarbonate promoted glucose metabolism and nitrogen utilization in Ov at low ammonium levels, leading to an increase in photosynthesis, the PPP, carbon and nitrogen metabolizing enzyme activities, nitrate/ammonium utilization, and total inorganic nitrogen assimilation capacity. Moreover, bicarbonate significantly reduced the growth inhibition of Ov by high ammonium, resulting in an improved PPP, RCRUBP, and ammonium utilization to maintain growth. Quantifying the relationships between EMP, PPP, NO3−, and NH4+ utilization can aid the accurate analysis of carbon and nitrogen use efficiency changes in plant species. Therefore, it provides a new prospect to optimize the nitrate/ammonium utilization in plants and further reveals the differential responses of inorganic carbon and nitrogen (C-N) metabolism to bicarbonate and variable ammonium in karst habitats.
AR 2 , a novel automatic artifact reduction software method for ictal EEG interpretation : Validation and comparison of performance with commercially available software

To develop a novel software method (AR2) for reducing muscle Objective: contamination of ictal scalp electroencephalogram (EEG), and validate this method on the basis of its performance in comparison to a commercially available software method (AR1) to accurately depict seizure-onset location. A blinded investigation used 23 EEG recordings of seizures from Methods: 8 patients. Each recording was uninterpretable with digital filtering because of muscle artifact and processed using AR1 and AR2 and reviewed by 26 EEG specialists. EEG readers assessed seizure-onset time, lateralization, and region, and specified confidence for each determination. The two methods were validated on the basis of the number of readers able to render assignments, confidence, the intra-class correlation (ICC), and agreement with other clinical findings. Among the 23 seizures, two-thirds of the readers were able to Results: delineate seizure-onset time in 10 of 23 using AR1, and 15 of 23 using AR2 (p<0.01). Fewer readers could lateralize seizure-onset (p<0.05). The 1,2 2 3 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 1 2 1
ApOL-Application Oriented Workload Model for Digital Human Models for the Development of Human-Machine Systems

Since musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most common work-related diseases for assemblers and machine operators, it is crucial to find new ways to alleviate the physical load on workers. Support systems such as exoskeletons or handheld power tools are promising technology to reduce the physical load on the humans. The development of such systems requires consideration of the interactions between human and technical systems. The physical relief effect of the exoskeleton can be demonstrated in experimental studies or by simulation with the digital human model (DHM). For the digital development of these support systems, an application-oriented representation of the workload is necessary. To facilitate digital development, an application-oriented workload model (ApOL model) of an overhead working task is presented. The ApOL model determines the load (forces, torques) onto the DHM during an overhead screw-in task using a cordless screwdriver, based on experimental data. The ApOL model is verified by comparing the simulated results to the calculated values from a mathematical model, using experimental data from three participants. The comparison demonstrates successful verification, with a maximum relative mean-absolute-error (rMAE) of the relevant load components at 11.4%. The presented ApOL model can be utilized to assess the impact of cordless screwdriver design on the human workload and facilitate a strain-based design approach for support systems e.g., exoskeletons.
Train stations and house prices: a local perspective

ABSTRACT Opening a new train station is considered a way to generate amenity in a neighborhood. However, as train lines extend from a central city to suburbs and remote places, train stations may generate disamenity depending on the local context. This study examines the externality of stations from a house valuation perspective. A mixed-effects model is employed to capture the varying relationship between house prices and distance to a nearby station. The results show that this relationship significantly varies by county, which leads to a house price premium in some counties and price discount in others. This study attributes the price discount (disamenity) to low ridership, seasonality of ridership, passenger traits, and long distance from a central city. The study results are expected to provide policymakers with balanced insights on establishing a new station so that train stations can serve as a local amenity, not a harmful facility in the neighborhood.
Power amplifying apparatus

A power amplifying apparatus is provided. The power amplifying apparatus includes a first substrate and N power amplifiers. The N power amplifiers are disposed on the first substrate, the power amplifiers respectively receives N input signals, wherein frequency bands of at least two of the inputs signals are different. And the power amplifiers respectively generate M output signals, wherein the N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is a positive integer not equal to N.
Yield and Nutrient Contents of Wheat, and Changes in Selected Soil Properties after 23 Years of Phosphorus Fertilizer Application

Effective nutrient and fertilizer management practices play a pivotal role in sustaining agriculture and mitigating the effects of climate change. These practices have a direct influence on soil fertility and crop productivity. This study investigated the long-term impacts of different phosphorus (P) fertilizer doses (0, 50, 100, and 200 kg P2O5 ha-1) on biomass yield and grain nutrient levels of wheat crops as well as on selected soil properties. The experiment was established in 1998 at the Research Center of Cukurova University in Adana, Southern Turkey. The wheat seeds were sown in October 2020 and harvested in May 2021. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, comprising 12 plots and replicated three times. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm and subsequently analyzed for total carbon, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), and the number of mycorrhizal spores. At harvest, wheat plant samples were collected for evaluating total dry biomass, grain yield and concentrations of potassium (K), zinc (Zn), total carbon (C), and total nitrogen (N) in the grain. The result showed that there was a linear increase in the total dry biomass of wheat, however, grain yield started to decline at P200. The wheat grain nutrient concentrations did not differ significantly across P doses, except for higher concentrations of Zn and K at P50 and higher values of grain C and N at P100. However, there was a linear decrease in Zn concentration as the applied P dose increased. The soil OC and soil TN at 0-5 cm were significantly changed relative to the control. The highest levels of soil OC and TN were observed at P100. The number of mycorrhizal spores did not significantly change with the P dose, but a decreasing trend was observed at higher doses. In conclusion, based on the observed parameters of wheat grain yield, total biomass production, grain nutrient concentrations, and soil OC storage, the application of 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 outperforms other P doses. However, the agronomic efficiencies, soil nutrient balance, and environmental effects of the applied P dose require more research.
Efficient VM Migration for Multiple Destination Sites Across a Japan-US OpenFlow Testbed

A globally integrated testbed for various experiments of distributed applications based on the edge cloud computing was constructed and operated as part of an international joint research program, Japan-US Network Opportunity 2 (JUNO2). The testbed consists of many virtual machines (VMs) at Kyushu Institute of Technology (Kyutech), The City College of The City University of New York (CCNY), StarBED (a large-scale PC cluster testbed), and RISE (a wide-area OpenFlow testbed) over multiple Layer-2 virtual networks (VLANs) through collaboration with international research and educational networks. Those VLANs are used as the data and the control planes with a single OpenFlow controller and twelve OpenFlow switches. As an example, this paper introduces an experiment of VM migration among CCNY, Kyutech, and StarBED for a global virtual collaborative working environment. An OpenFlow-based multicasting scheme is adopted for efficient use of the bottleneck network bandwidth in replicating a large VM environment from CCNY to two sites in Japan. The implementation details on the global testbed and the experimental results are reported, verifying that the multicast-based transfer halves the elapsed time of VM migration compared with the unicast-based transfer.
Non-covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes with polymers

Carbon nanotubes have emerged as very promising materials in various research fields spanning from biotechnology to energy storage and transformation. Their poor solubility in aqueous and organic solvents and limited compatibility with polymer matrices are major drawbacks, rendering these materials incapable of achieving their full potential. Covalent or non-covalent functionalization with polymers is considered a major key in circumventing this issue. In this feature article, the non-covalent functionalization through various types of interactions between polymers and carbon nanotubes is highlighted and their potential applications are discussed.
Effect of Bio-Based Protein Coating on the Quality and Shelf Life of Fig Fruit (Ficus Carica L.)

Fruit coatings are an appropriate method to preserve quality and extend the shelf life of fruit. This study focused on the impact of coating fig fruit with bio-based proteins (sunflower seeds, whey, and caseins). The fruits were dipped into the coating solution and dried. Then, the fruits were stored in the refrigerator at 5°C with 85–90% relative humidity. Fruit quality was higher by using the coating method, and the fruits showed significantly higher sensory evaluation scores (color, texture, brightness, and overall acceptability) compared to the control, while the highest score was in the whey protein coating treatment. The weight loss and total soluble solids (TSS) in all coated fruits were significantly lower compared to the control. In particular, sunflower seeds protein had the highest titratable acidity (TA), and whey protein reduced polyphenol oxidase activity than the other treatments. However, a prolonged storage period substantially increased weight loss, TSS, TA, total sugar, and total phenol, as well as reduced all sensory evaluation scores. Therefore, the data of this study help to prolong the fig fruit shelf life and the period of display in the market. Especially, all bio-based protein coating significantly reduced fresh weight loss and preserved the fruit quality than the control throughout the post-harvest. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Surgery avoidance rates among total knee replacement candidates following a non-invasive biomechanical intervention: A retrospective cohort study

Nearly twenty million people are affected by osteoarthritis (OA) across the UK. For end-stage knee OA, total knee replacement (TKR) is considered as the standard of care, but this major surgery carries high costs, long waiting lists, and risk for further revision surgeries. Health systems are therefore looking for effective alternatives to treat these cohorts, significantly delaying, and potentially avoiding joint replacement surgery altogether. The purpose of this study was to examine the 2-year surgery avoidance rate amongst TKR candidates that received a non-invasive biomechanical intervention. A retrospective clinical audit was conducted on 365 NHS patients with end-stage knee OA patients eligible for TKR. Each patient was individually fitted with a non-invasive, shoe-like, biomechanical device, that alters the foot center of pressure, minimizes reported symptoms, and promotes neuromuscular control training using convex pods under the sole. Patients used the device for short periods during activities of daily living and were followed for two years. The primary outcome was surgery status after 2 years. Secondary outcomes were evaluated using the generalized linear mixed-models procedure and included changes in pain, function (WOMAC and Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and spatiotemporal gait measured at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months from baseline. Of the 365 candidates for TKR, 305 (84%) avoided surgery at 2 years. Patients displayed significant clinical improvements over time. Six months after starting treatment, average pain decreased by 42%, average function improved by 39%, and average OKS increased by 7.6 points. These continued to improve over the 2 years. All spatial-temporal gait measures improved over time (p<0.001). The current results suggest that a non-invasive biomechanical treatment may help end-stage knee OA patients delay knee replacement surgery for at least 2 years or avoid it altogether. This treatment may provide an effective non-surgical alternative for managing these patients in the community, alleviating pain, and improving gait and function.
GinApp: An Inductive Graph Learning based Framework for Mobile Application Usage Prediction

Mobile application usage prediction aims to infer the possible applications (Apps) that a user will launch next. It is critical for many applications, e.g., system optimization and smartphone resource management. Recently, graph based App prediction approaches have been proved effective, but still suffer from several issues. First, these studies cannot naturally generalize to unseen Apps. Second, they do not model asymmetric transitions between Apps. Third, they are hard to differentiate the contributions of different App usage context on the prediction result. In this paper, we propose GinApp, an inductive graph representation learning based framework, to resolve these issues. Specifically, we first construct an attribute-aware directed graph based on App usage records, where the App-App transitions and times are modeled by directed weighed edges. Then, we develop an inductive graph learning based method to generate effective node representations for the unseen Apps via sampling and aggregating information from neighboring nodes. Finally, our App usage prediction task is formulated as a link prediction problem on graph to generate the Apps with the largest probabilities as prediction results. Extensive experiments on two large-scale App usage datasets reveal that GinApp provides the state-of-the-art performance for App usage prediction.
Study Experimental the Effect of Normalizing Treatment and Galvanic Pack Carburizing Process on Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon Steel

Steel is the type of metal most often used in engineering. This study aimed to improve the mechanical properties of mild steel in terms of hardness, ductility, and other mechanical properties and to compare the hardness of carburized steel by galvanic treatment with non-galvanic carburizing of the steel. This research was carried out by varying the heat treatment process, namely carburizing with galvanic heat treatment and carburizing without galvanic, where the carburizing process uses activated carbon coconut shell charcoal with a weight percentage of 80% and 20% of K2CO3 (Potassium Carbonate) at a temperature of 9000C with a holding time of 60 minutes, 120 minutes and 180 minutes. The results obtained from this study indicate that the mechanical properties (hardness) of carbon steel increase at a temperature of 9000C with a holding time of 1 hour on the galvanic heating method with a better hardness value than the hardness of steel on the non-galvanic method. The hardness value obtained in the galvanic method is 94.06 HRB, while in the non-galvanic method, it is 76.4 HRB. And the pearlite phase is formed, increasing the hardness value on the surface of the specimen.
SINGULAR WEYL’S LAW WITH RICCI CURVATURE BOUNDED BELOW

Using the examples constructed in [32], we show that for compact RCD( K,N )/Ricci limit spaces, Weyl’s law may not hold for any power, and in the case when power law holds, it is in terms of the Hausdorﬀ measure of the singular set instead of the regular set. These are the ﬁrst examples with such features.
Textronic Solutions Used to Produce Layers Sensitive to Chemical Stimuli—Gas Sensors: A Review

Thanks to the intensive development of textronics, textronic applications are already visible in many areas of everyday life. Many researchers around the world have focused on the invention of textronic systems to increase security, create technological innovations and make everyday life easier and more interesting. Due to the wide use of chemical textile sensors, this review article lists scientific publications covering all types of wearable chemical sensors along with their latest developments. The latest developments from the last few years in moisture, pH, sweat and biomolecules sensors are described. In this review, greatest emphasis and detail was placed on textile gas sensors and their production methods. The use of, among others, graphene and zinc oxide grown on cotton fabric, colorimetric textiles based on halochromic dye, electronic graphene fabric based on lotus fibers and graphene oxide and zinc oxide nanorods were considered. Finally, this article summarizes our current knowledge on gas sensors, compares the detection properties of the presented projects and indicates future directions of development.
Design-Oriented Dissipativity Enhancement for Single-Loop Voltage Control of Grid-FormingVSCs

In light of harmonic stability caused by the control delay and the wide-varied grid impedance, grid-side current feedforward is an effective method to enhance the dissipativity for voltage control of grid-forming converters. However, the dissipative characteristic of converter output impedance is seriously affected by the designed LC-filter resonance frequency and the filter parameters deviation. To fill this gap, a design-oriented control scheme is proposed using three variables feedforward, i.e., converter-side current, capacitor current, and capacitor voltage. As a result, not only the dissipativity can be achieved below Nyquist frequency, but also the dissipativity robustness against the LC-filter parameter deviation is enhanced. Besides, the LC-filter resonance frequency can be designed freely without considering the critical frequency. Finally, the proposed method is validated through the simulation.
The neural basis of effective memory therapy in a patient with limbic encephalitis

Background: An fMRI study is described in which a postencephalitic woman with amnesia used a wearable camera which takes photographs passively, without user intervention, to record and review recent autobiographical events. “SenseCam” generates hundreds of images which can subsequently be reviewed quickly or one by one. Results: Memory for a significant event was improved substantially when tested after 4.5 weeks, if the patient viewed SenseCam images of the event every 2 days for 3 weeks. In contrast, after only 3.5 weeks, her memory was at chance levels for a similarly significant event which was reviewed equally often, but using a written diary. During the fMRI scan, the patient viewed images of these two events, plus images of an unrehearsed event and images from a novel “control” event that she had never experienced. There was no difference in behavioural responses or in activation when the unrehearsed and novel conditions were compared. Relative to the written-rehearsed condition, successful recognition of the images in the SenseCam-rehearsed condition was associated with activation of frontal and posterior cortical regions associated with normal episodic memory. Conclusion: SenseCam images may provide powerful cues that trigger the recall and consolidation of stored but inaccessible memories.
Toward Creating a Subsurface Camera

In this article, the framework and architecture of a Subsurface Camera (SAMERA) are envisioned and described for the first time. A SAMERA is a geophysical sensor network that senses and processes geophysical sensor signals and computes a 3D subsurface image in situ in real time. The basic mechanism is geophysical waves propagating/reflected/refracted through subsurface enter a network of geophysical sensors, where a 2D or 3D image is computed and recorded; control software may be connected to this network to allow view of the 2D/3D image and adjustment of settings such as resolution, filter, regularization, and other algorithm parameters. System prototypes based on seismic imaging have been designed. SAMERA technology is envisioned as a game changer to transform many subsurface survey and monitoring applications, including oil/gas exploration and production, subsurface infrastructures and homeland security, wastewater and CO2 sequestration, and earthquake and volcano hazard monitoring. System prototypes for seismic imaging have been built. Creating SAMERA requires interdisciplinary collaboration and the transformation of sensor networks, signal processing, distributed computing, and geophysical imaging.
First Description of Mergibacter septicus Isolated from a Common Tern (Sterna hirundo) in Germany

Mergibacter septicus (M. septicus), previously known as Bisgaard Taxon 40, is a recently described species within the Pasteurellaceae family. In this study, we present a M. septicus strain isolated from a common tern (Sterna hirundo) chick that died just after fledging from the Banter See in Wilhelmshaven, Germany. The recovered M. septicus strain underwent microbiological phenotypic characterization, followed by whole genome sequencing on Illumina and Nanopore platforms. Phenotypically, M. septicus 19Y0039 demonstrated resistance to colistin, cephalexin, clindamycin, oxacillin, and penicillin G. The genome analysis revealed a circular 1.8 Mbp chromosome without any extrachromosomal elements, containing 1690 coding DNA sequences. The majority of these coding genes were associated with translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, followed by RNA processing and modification, and transcription. Genetic analyses revealed that the German M. septicus strain 19Y0039 is related to the American strain M. septicus A25201T. Through BLAST alignment, twelve putative virulence genes previously identified in the M. septicus type strain A25201T were also found in the German strain. Additionally, 84 putative virulence genes distributed across nine categories, including immune modulation, effector delivery system, nutrition/metabolic factors, regulation, stress survival, adherence, biofilm, exotoxin, and motility, were also identified.