Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unsupervised Surveillance Video Retrieval Based on Human Action and Appearance

Forensic video analysis is the offline analysis of video aimed at understanding what happened in a scene in the past. Two of its key tasks are the recognition of specific actions, e.g., walking or fighting, and the search for specific persons, also referred to as re-identification. Although these tasks have traditionally been performed manually in forensic investigations, the current growing number of cameras and recorded video leads to the need for automated analysis. In this paper we propose an unsupervised retrieval system for surveillance videos based on human action and appearance. Given a query window, the system retrieves people performing the same action as the one in the query, the same person performing any action, or the same person performing the same action. We use an adaptive search algorithm that focuses the analysis on relevant frames based on the inter-frame difference of foreground masks. Then, for each analyzed frame, a pedestrian detector is used to extract windows containing each pedestrian in the scene. For each detection, we use optical flow features to represent its action and color features to represent its appearance. These extracted features are used to compute the probability that the detection matches the query according to the specified criterion. The algorithm is fully unsupervised, i.e., no training or constraints on the appearance, actions or number of actions that will appear in the test video are made. The proposed algorithm is tested on a surveillance video with different people performing different actions, providing satisfactory retrieval performance.
Model-Driven Engineering with Large Models in the Context of Product Line Engineering with IBYKUS AP

In software engineering practice models of software systems become more and more important and play a decisive role. Different model-driven approaches are followed by enterprises to achieve more efficient development techniques and higher flexibility. Practice has also shown that models reach a size and complexity that is hard to handle. Over the last years, IBYKUS, a midsized software vendor with focus on product line engineering in the domain of business, administration and governmental processes, has put an effort into the development environment IBYKUS AP which supports model-driven engineering. This paper describes the state of the used techniques on a conceptual level in the first part. The idea of incremental modeling and editable model views is presented in the second part accompanied with research questions to be tackled in future.
Why wasn't O.J. convicted? Emotional coherence in legal inference

This paper evaluates four competing psychological explanations for why the jury in the O.J. Simpson murder trial reached the verdict they did: explanatory coherence, Bayesian probability theory, wishful thinking, and emotional coherence. It describes computational models that provide detailed simulations of juror reasoning for explanatory coherence, Bayesian networks, and emotional coherence, and argues that the latter account provides the most plausible explanation of the jury's decision.
ADDICTION : RESEARCH AND IMPLICATIONS

The transition from drug use to addiction is not fully understood and is debated upon within the scientific community as well as the general population. Neurobiology has demonstrated the specific neural pathways that are activated and altered due to substance use. The implications of neurobiology can serve as a basis for many theoretical models. Personality and risk factors can help understand the underpinnings of addiction. In the progression from addiction as a choice to disease explained by biopsychosocial principles, a comprehensive theory of addiction can begin to emerge. It is through this theory that stigma can begin to be addressed and reduced. Stigma has been found in all facets of society, most surprisingly within medical professions. The number one cause of stigma is ignorance. Creating a comprehensive biopsychosocial theory will aid in education, awareness, and prevention of substance use disorders. In addition, the tens of thousands of deaths caused by substances each year will begin to reduce.
Solutrenses del sur de Iberia en transición = South Iberia Solutreans in transition

La cuestion de las relaciones tecnoeconomicas entre el Solutrense y los complejos que lo enmarcan (Gravetiense y Badeguliense) permanence abierta y condicionada por los procesos erosivos que coinciden con estos momentos en la mayoria de yacimientos d
Time Variation of the Broad H β and H α Emission Lines in Active Galactic Nuclei

High-quality Keck/LRIS long-slit spectra for a sample of 97 active galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (0.02 ě z ě 0.1; MBH ě 10 M@) were obtained between January 2009 and March 2010 in order to study the black hole (BH) mass scaling relation in the local universe. Typically, the width of the broad Hβ emission line is used to measure the mass of the black hole (MBH). However, signs of variability in the emission line profile are seen for eight objects: While broad Hβ emission lines had previously been observed in spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), they are missing in the Keck spectra. Based on seeing and PSF profile arguments, we can exclude that the lack of broad lines in the Keck spectra are caused by the telescope being pointed off center, missing the active nucleus. Follow-up observations were conducted in January and March 2013 in both Hβ, as well as Hα (which had not been obtained at Keck) using the Kast spectrograph mounted on the Shane three meter telescope at Lick observatory. Since SDSS uses a 3 arcsec fiber, the position angle of these long-slit observations was set perpendicular to the angle of the Keck longslit observations in order to search for any off-center broad emission. The broad emission lines remain missing in Hβ and are missing or reduced in Hα, suggesting changes in Seyfert classification transitions on timescales of approximately a decade. Observational constraints make variability of the torus or broad-line region over time as the most likely cause for this variation. However, at least in some cases, the existence of an AGN that is non-coincident with the center of the host galaxy due to an ongoing merger or gravitational recoil cannot be ruled out. The most promising candidate for such a scenario is SDSS J10383+4658 which shows a blue knot just off-center from the host galaxy, and could have been missed in Keck observations but is included in the SDSS fiber.
Effect Of TO & CFO on OFDM and SIR Analysis and Interference Cancellation in MIMO-OFDM

: OFDM is a multicarrier modulation technique in which a high rate bit stream is split into N parallel bit-streams of lower rate and each of these are modulated using one of N orthogonal sub-carriers. In a basic communication system, the data is modulated onto a single carrier frequency. OFDM is a promising candidate for achieving high data rates in mobile environment because of its multicarrier modulation technique. The available bandwidth is then totally occupied by each symbol. The variations in Time Offset (TO) can lead to inter-symbol-interference (ISI) in case of frequency selective channel. A well known problem of OFDM is its sensitivity to frequency offset between the transmitted and received signals, which may be caused by Doppler shift in the channel, or by the difference between the transmitter and receiver local oscillator frequencies. This carrier frequency offset(CFO) causes loss of orthogonality between sub-carriers and the signals transmitted on each carrier are not independent of each other, which results in inter-carrier interference (ICI). The undesired ICI degrades the performance of the system. ICI mitigation techniques are essential in improving the performance of an OFDM system in an environment which induces frequency offset error in the transmitted signal. In this paper , the focus is on the problem of ICI. We proposed ICI reduction using self cancellation scheme and compared with standard OFDM system. The simulation of OFDM was done with different digital modulation schemes such as BPSK and QPSK modulation techniques . the performance of the designed OFDM system by finding their bit error rate (BER) for different values of signal to noise ratio (SNR). Later we proposed MIMO diversity technique such as STBC OFDM to enhance the performance of the system by reducing the BER for different values of signal to noise ratio (SNR). BER Analysis for BPSK in Rayleigh channel With two transmit and one receive antenna as well as two transmit and two receive antennas for Alamouti STBC case shows higher performance, which effectively alleviates the effects of ISI and ICI.
Frequency-Domain One-Tap Weight Control for Single-Carrier Multiple Access with Multiple Antennas

In this paper, frequency-domain one-tap weight control for single-carrier multiple access with multiple antennas is considered. Adaptive antenna array (AAA) weight control, diversity combining (DC) weight control and least square (LS) weight control are studied. These three weight control algorithms belong to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) beam forming, MIMO diversity and MIMO multiplexing, respectively. The weight control algorithms will be evaluated and compared in terms of computational complexity as well as bit error rate (BER) performance in a frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel.
Emotional Interaction and Nofitication of Flexible Handheld Devices

In this paper, we propose that personification of flexible hand-held devices is one of the key human-computer interaction methods that allow future users to interact more intuitively with their devices, providing emotional feedback to the users. We basically aim to answer two questions, first, personification of flexible devices can standardize emotional experience to the users and second, how valid would it be to intuitively use personified flexible device that changes its shape on notifying purpose. Through conducting a user study on 60 participants, we find that flexible devices that express emotion through personification can be standardized, and it is applicable to use these flexible personified devices to communicate with the users by notifying the users, allowing them to use the device more intuitively.
A new class of finite-time nonlinear consensus protocols for multi-agent systems

This paper is devoted to investigating the finite-time consensus problem for a multi-agent system in networks with undirected topology. A new class of global continuous time-invariant consensus protocols is constructed for each single-integrator agent dynamics with the aid of Lyapunov functions. In particular, it is shown that the settling time of the proposed new class of finite-time consensus protocols is upper bounded for arbitrary initial conditions. This makes it possible for network consensus problems that the convergence time is designed and estimated offline for a given undirected information flow and a group volume of agents. Finally, a numerical simulation example is presented as a proof of concept.
Adaptive CPG based coordinated control of healthy and robotic lower limb movements

This paper proposes an adaptive CPG based controller for a lower limb prosthesis consisting of online trajectory generation and interlimb coordination. The adaptive CPG can produce multidimensional rhythmic patterns and modulate their frequency by tuning relevant parameters in an autonomously way adapting to a changing periodicity of external signals. Also, to increase the stability of the prosthesis, a spring-damper component is attached between the hip and ankle joints, allowing the absorption of impulsive ground reaction forces at landing. We verify the validity of the proposed controller with a simulated humanoid robot through the investigation of the self-coordination between the healthy and robotic legs.
Ab-Initio Protein Folding Using Molecular Dynamics and a Simplified Off-Lattice Model

This paper presents an application of Molecular Dynamics (MD) to the Protein Folding Problem (PFP) using a simplified off-lattice model of proteins (3D-AB). To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents the first application of MD to the PFP using globular protein sequences represented with the 3DAB model. The methodology is explained in details. Five synthetic sequences and four real globular proteins sequences were used for testing the approach. Results show that the method is capable of creating realistic folds of the proteins, displaying biological features such as hydrophobic core formation and protein breathing. Future works will investigate more efficient parallel processing methods and the creation of new benchmarks. Keywords-Molecular Dynamics; protein folding problem; 3D-AB model
Las emisiones primarias de energía en el mercado español: valoración de opciones teórica y de mercado/Primary Energy Emissions in the Spanish Market: Theoretical and Market-Based Option Pricing

Este trabajo describe las principales caracteristicas generales de las subastas de capacidad virtual y las particularidades de su aplicacion al mercado espanol como emisiones primarias de energia. Se analizan los resultados de la valoracion de los precios de las opciones proporcionados por las subastas, de las cuales se realizaron siete ediciones. La evidencia empirica sugiere que en los precios de las opciones se estan incorporando valores temporales negativos, lo cual es inconsistente con los modelos de valoracion de opciones conocidos. This paper describes the main characteristics of the virtual power plant auctions and their applications to the Spanish energy market, known as primary energy emissions. The auction prices resulting from the seven auction processes available are analyzed from the point of view of the option pricing theory. The empirical evidence suggests that the option prices implied in the auction’s results include negative time values, which is inconsistent with the implications of the option pricing models currently available.
Recent Vegetation Fire Incidence in Russia

MODIS hotspot data from NASA have now become a standard means of evaluating vegetation fires worldwide. Remote sensing is the most effective tool for large countries like Russia because it is hard to obtain exact, detailed forest fire data. Accumulated MODIS hotspot data of the nine years from 2002 to 2010 may allow us to assess recent changes in the vegetation fire incidence in Russia. This kind of analysis using various satellites is useful in estimating fire intensity and severity, burnt area, fire return interval and emission of greenhouse gases such as CO2. This paper discusses recent changes in the incidence of vegetation fires across the entire area of Russia based on analysis results of MODIS hotspot data. Firstly, Russia and its vicinity (covered area: 40°-75°N, 30°-180°E) were divided into 135 regions with equal intervals of 5° latitude and 10° longitude. Introducing an annual mean hotspot density measure (AMHD, number of hotspots/km/yr), enabled Russian regional and seasonal fires to be analyzed and compared. In addition to this analysis, a detailed analysis was carried out for the Yakutsk region of Sakha using long-term weather data from 1830 to the present, recent daily weather data, hotspot data in 2002 and other data. The background to the intense fire activity near Sakha was determined by considering drought conditions and daily changes of air temperatures.
Corrections to "The Effectiveness of Control Structure Diagrams in Source Code Comprehension Activities"

ÐRecently, the first two in a series of planned comprehension experiments were performed to measure the effect of the control structure diagram (CSD) on program comprehensibility. Upper-and lower-division computer science and software engineering students were asked to respond to questions regarding the structure and execution of one source code module of a public domain graphics library. The time taken for each response and the correctness of each response was recorded. Statistical analysis of the data collected from these two experiments revealed that the CSD was highly significant in enhancing the subjects' performance in this program comprehension task. The results of these initial experiments promise to shed light on fundamental questions regarding the effect of software visualizations on program comprehensibility.
A Sensitivity Analysis of Critical Genetic Algorithm Parameters: Highway Alignment Optimization Case Study

Genetic Algorithms GAs have been applied in many complex combinatorial optimization problems and have been proven to yield reasonably good solutions due to their ability of searching in continuous spaces and avoiding local optima. However, one issue in GA application that needs to be carefully explored is to examine sensitivity of critical parameters that may affect the quality of solutions. The key critical GA parameters affecting solution quality include the number of genetic operators, the number of encoded decision variables, the parameter for selective pressure, and the parameter for non-uniform mutation. The effect of these parameters on solution quality is particularly significant for complex problems of combinatorial nature. In this paper the authors test the sensitivity of critical GA parameters in optimizing 3-dimensional highway alignments which has been proven to be a complex combinatorial optimization problem for which an exact solution is not possible warranting the application of heuristics procedures, such as GAs. If GAs are applied properly, similar optimal solutions should be expected at each replication. The authors perform several example studies in order to arrive at a general set of conclusions regarding the sensitivity of critical GA parameters on solution quality. The first study shows that the optimal solutions obtained for a range of scenarios consisting of different combinations of the critical parameters are quite close. The second study shows that different optimal solutions are obtained when the number of encoded decision variables is changed.
El escudo de Vulcano: écfrasis y profecía en Eneida 8 Vulcan's Shield: Ekphrasis and Prophecy in Aeneid 8

The aim of this paper is to study the shield made by Vulcan (Aeneid 8.617- 731) considering both its prophetic character and the way it is conveyed through an ekphrasis. The spatial arrangement of the vignettes and the connection between each image with the center will be examined, together with Aeneas' ability to understand the prophecy about the Roman future. Palabras clave: Eneida 8, escudo, ecfrasis, profecia
Amantadine and rimantadine for preventing and treating influenza A in adults.

BACKGROUND Amantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride have antiviral properties, but they are not widely used due to a lack of knowledge of their properties and concerns about possible adverse effects. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the effects and safety of amantadine and rimantadine in healthy adults. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline, Embase and reference lists of articles. We also contacted manufacturers, researchers and authors. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised and quasi-randomised studies comparing amantadine and/or rimantadine with placebo, control antivirals or no intervention, or comparing doses or schedules of amantadine and/or rimantadine in healthy adults. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS For prevention trials the numbers of participants with clinically defined influenza, with serologically confirmed clinical influenza A and adverse effects were analysed. Analysis for treatment trials was of the mean duration of fever and adverse effects. MAIN RESULTS Amantadine prevented 23% of clinical influenza cases (95% confidence interval 11% to 34%), and 63% of serologically confirmed clinical influenza A cases (95% confidence interval 42% to 76%). Amantadine reduced duration of fever by one day (95% confidence interval 0.7 to 1.3). Rimantadine demonstrated comparable effectiveness, but there were fewer trials and the results for prevention were not statistically significant. Both amantadine and rimantadine induced significant gastrointestinal adverse effects. Adverse effects of the central nervous system adverse and study withdrawals were significantly more common with amantadine than rimantadine. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Amantadine and rimantadine have comparable effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of influenza A in healthy adults, although rimantadine induces fewer adverse effects than amantadine.
O IMPACTO DA VOLATILIDADE NOS PREÇOS RECEBIDOS PELOS PRODUTORES DO CAFÉ NO MERCADO INTERNACIONAL

A analise da volatilidade nos precos recebidos pelos produtores do cafe no mercado internacional demonstrou a instabilidade na renda dos produtores no Brasil, India, Colombia, Mexico e Etiopia. Esta instabilidade, decorrente da persistencia e do agrupamento da volatilidade foi observada atraves da mensuracao empirica dos modelos econometricos GARCH. O teste ARCH caracterizou todas as series de precos do cafe como heteroscedastica, ou seja, os retornos do cafe apresentaram sinais de autocorrelacao, que em termos economicos significa acentuadas flutuacoes dos precos em torno da media. A analise empirica dos modelos GARCH (1,1) e EGARCH (1,1) mostrou para a serie de retornos do cafe no Brasil e Etiopia a existencia da persistencia e assimetria da volatilidade. A somatoria dos coeficientes de reacao (ARCH) e de persistencia (GARCH) resultou em valores muito proximo de 1 para essas duas series, indicando riscos e incertezas em relacao ao retorno do cafe. Diferentes resultados foram encontrados para as series da Colombia e do Mexico, onde a somatoria dos coeficientes foi maior que 1, indicando que a persistencia da volatilidade se perdurara por longos periodos nas series em questao. Atraves dos resultados obtidos foi possivel observar que a volatilidade nos precos do cafe afeta a renda do produtor no mercado. Isto se deve, principalmente, aos constantes desequilibrios entre a demanda e a oferta do produto no mercado internacional. ---------------------------------------------The analysis of volatility in the prices received by producers of coffee in the international market has demonstrated the instability in the income of producers in Brazil, India, Colombia, Mexico and Ethiopia. This instability, arising from the persistence of volatility in the group was observed by empirical measurement of econometric models GARCH. The test ARCH characterized all series of prices of coffee as heteroscedastica, or the returns of coffee showed signs of autocorrelation, which in economic terms means sharp price fluctuations around the average. The empirical analysis of the models GARCH (1,1) and (1,1) showed EGARCH for the number of returns of coffee in Brazil and Ethiopia persistence and the existence of the asymmetry of volatility. The sum of the coefficients of reaction (ARCH) and persistence (GARCH) resulted in values very close to 1 for these two series, indicating risks and uncertainties with respect to the return of coffee. Different results were found for the series of Colombia and Mexico, where the sum of the coefficients was greater than 1, indicating that the persistence of volatility if prihodnje for long periods in the series in question. Through the results was observed that the volatility in the prices of coffee affects the income of the producer in the market. This is due, mainly, to the constant imbalance between the demand and supply of the product in the international market.