Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Targeting USP22 Suppresses Tumorigenicity and Enhances Cisplatin Sensitivity Through ALDH1A3 Downregulation in Cancer-Initiating Cells from Lung Adenocarcinoma

Loss of monoubiquitination of histone H2B (H2Bub1) was found to be associated with poor-differentiation and enhanced malignancy of lung adenocarcinoma. This study investigated the association and impact of the ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (USP22), an H2Bub1 deubiquitinase, on stem cell-like characteristics and cisplatin resistance in cancer-initiating cells (CIC) from primary lung adenocarcinoma. CICs were isolated, enriched, and characterized from patient-derived cancer tissues using both in vitro tumorsphere formation and in vivo xenograft assays. USP22 was determined to be predominantly expressed in CICs, a subpopulation of cells with high expression of the stem cell biomarkers, CD133 and CD44. The expression of USP22 in CICs is markedly reduced upon FBS/retinoic acid-induced differentiation. Moreover, knockdown of USP22 significantly suppressed tumorsphere formation and xenograft growth in NOD-SCID gamma (NSG) mice. Notably, USP22 and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity were elevated in tumorsphere cells that survived cisplatin treatment, whereas knockdown of USP22 significantly sensitizes tumorsphere cells to cisplatin. Interestingly, ALDH1A3, a predominant ALDH isozyme implicated in enhancing cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma, is significantly downregulated upon knockdown of USP22 in tumorsphere cells. Furthermore, knockdown of ALDH1A3 significantly sensitizes tumorsphere cells to cisplatin. Combined, these data demonstrate that USP22, predominantly expressed in CD133+ CICs, plays a critical role in tumorigenicity and cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. Implications: Targeting USP22 represents a potential therapeutic approach to suppress CICs in lung adenocarcinoma partially through downregulation of ALDH1A3 expression. Mol Cancer Res; 16(7); 1161–71. ©2018 AACR.
Internal Control Reporting and Audit Report Lags: Further Evidence

SUMMARY: Internal control reporting continues to be of significant interest to regulators and legislators, as evidenced by the internal control-related requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act (2010) and the JOBS Act (2012) to exempt smaller firms from the requirements of Section 404. We extend prior research on the association between internal control weaknesses and audit report lag by (1) using data from 2008 and 2009, (2) comparing accelerated and non-accelerated filers, and (3) examining the impact of remediation of previously disclosed internal control problems. We find that (1) in 2008, the increase in audit report lag in the presence of material weaknesses in internal control is lower for non-accelerated filers as compared to accelerated filers, and (2) while the effect of a material internal control weakness on audit report lag is significantly lower in 2009 than in 2008 for accelerated filers, there is no such change for non-accelerated filers. We also find that for firms remediating previously disclo.
Financial Crisis, Capital Outflows, and Policy Responses: Examples from East Asia

Financial crises seem to have become the norm rather than the exception since 1992. The author examines the impact of a crisis of confidence and resultant capital outflows from a small and open economy and the possible policy options in response to such outflows, using simple tools and definitions that will be familiar to any money and banking or intermediate macroeconomics student. Examples are drawn from the East Asian crisis of 1997-98 (Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, and Thailand), although the analysis remains pertinent to emerging economies in general.
Ocena porównawcza efektywności ekonomicznej producentów podłoża do produkcji pieczarek działających na polskim rynku

Abstrakt. W opracowaniu zaprezentowano wyniki badania efektywności ekonomicznej producentów podłoża do produkcji pieczarek działających na polskim rynku. Efektywność ekonomiczną operacjonalizują w niniejszych badaniach wybrane wskaźniki finansowe oraz wskaźnik syntetyczny Z. Głównym celem badania jest analiza i ocena efektywności ekonomicznej przedsiębiorstw (producentów podłoża do produkcji pieczarek) w kontekście prognozy rozwoju branży. Dane finansowe przedsiębiorstw za lata 2006-2010 pozyskano z Monitorów Polskich B.
Utilization of muscle elasticity in exercise.

THYS, H. , T. FARRAGGIANA, AND R. MARGARIA. Utilisation of muscle elasticity in exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 32(4) : 491-494. 1972. -The exercise of deep bending on the knees from the erect position followed by extension of the legs to return to the upright posture was performed by man under two different conditions: the extension (positive work) followed immediately the bending (rebound exercise), or alternatively a certain interval elapsed between the flexion and the extension to allow the extensors to relax (no rebound exercise). This exercise was performed on a platform sensitive to vertical acceleration; the O2 consumption at steady state was measured. The maximal speed measured during the extension was higher, the time of positive work was less, the mean power and the mechanical efficiency were greater in the rebound exercise. These differences are interpreted as evidence that elastic potential energy stored in the muscles stretched during the negative work phase of the exercise is utilized for the performance of positive work.
Implications of Differential Expression of β-Catenin in Oral Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND Alterations of β-catenin can promote cancer progression, but there has been little analysis of this protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The objective of this study was to investigate the role of β-catenin in OSCC development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of β-catenin and Ki-67 from 92 OSCC was immunohistochemically studied in tissues close to the tumor invasion point and, in 37 cases, in tissues distant from the invasion point. RESULTS Loss of membranous β-catenin expression was observed in 77.2% of "close" samples and 94.4% of "distant" samples. Nuclear β-catenin expression was detected in 35.9% of adjacent samples and 44.4% of "distant" samples. Nuclear β-catenin expression in ≥10% of cells was observed in 6.6% of "close" samples and 25% of "distant" samples. No relationship was found between β-catenin expression and cell proliferation. CONCLUSION β-Catenin plays a major oncogenic role in OSCC, principally through increase in invasiveness due to loss of its membranous expression.
How misaligned is the Australian real exchange rate

This paper uses quarterly data from September 1981 to December 2000 to quantify the extent to which the Australian real exchange rate is misaligned relative to its long-run equilibrium value. Our modelling suggest, that as of December 2000, the real exchange rate was seven percent below its equilibrium value; this figure is modest in comparison to purchasing power parity indicators that suggest considerably greater misalignment. Furthermore, once short-run dynamics are accounted for, even this anomaly disappears.
Commentary on “Loyalty: A Strategic Commitment”

&copy; 2003, CORNELL UNIVERSITY. This report is a commentary on an article that was previously published in Cornell Quarterly and which is reprinted herein (see pages 31-46). t has been almost five years since we published our t Cornell Quarterly article on the antecedents and consequences of customer loyalty and six years since we first undertook the research. At the time researchers in other industries were just beginning to understand the financial importance of customer loyalty. The topic retains its urgency, as one marketing expert wrote more recently&dquo;Cus-
Out-of-Sample Performance of Jump-Diffusion Models for Equity Indices: What the Financial Crisis Was Good For

Out-of-sample performance of continuous time models for equity returns is crucial in practical applications such as computing risk measures like value at risk, determine optimal portfolios or pricing derivatives. For all these applications investors need to model the return distribution of an underlying at some point in time in the future given current information. In this paper we analyze the out-of-sample performance of exponentially affine and non-affine continuous time stochastic volatility models with jumps in returns and volatility. Our analysis evaluates the density forecasts implied by the models. In a first step, we find in general that the good in-sample fits reported in the related literature do not carry over to the out-of-sample performance. In particular the left tail of the distribution poses a considerable challenge to the proposed models. In a second step, we analyze the models by using a rolling window approach. We find that using estimation periods that include high market stress events improve forecasting power considerably. In a third step, we apply parameters estimated on the sub period including the financial crisis (period with highest market stress) to all other forecasting sub periods. This approach further increases overall forecasting power and results in an outperformance of affine compared to non-affine models and an outperformance of jump models.
WiMAX Experimentation and Verification in Field in Italy

Under the auspices of the Italian Communications Ministry, in a trial program directed by the UGO Bordoni Foundation, Ericsson performed extensive field tests to verify and measure the performance of IEEE 802.16-2004 compliant equipment in the 3.5 GHz band. The trial was strictly technological in nature, with the goals of validating the claimed technical characteristics of this technology and determining the behavior of a point-tomultipoint technology in this frequency band. The experimentation was carried out with equipment from Airspan, a global partner of Ericsson. Measurements were done both at the radio bearer layer and the packet data layer. At the radio layer coverage and propagation were measured and characterized. Studies are under way using these results to develop a propagation model of the 802.16-2004 signal in the 3.5 GHz band. In addition, inter-cell interference was measured. At the packet layer, throughput, packet loss, and jitter were measured under varying field conditions, including various types of terrain and differing levels of clutter. Standard service functionality and performance were verified and measured with particular attention to the QoS support defined in the 802.162004 standard.
Escaping the Local Trap: Insights on Re-localization from School Food Reform

Building on the stimulating critique of normative views of scale provided by the literature on the ‘local trap’, some agri-food researchers have recently argued that local food initiatives (including, for example, American Farm-to-School programs) reproduce neo-liberal values and forms of governance. By focusing on school food reform in two devolved sites of the UK, this paper aims to show that, even when embedded in the power dynamics and values of neo-liberalism, the local can produce sustainable development outcomes. This raises the need for an inductive research approach that assesses the merits (or lack of) of localism in the concrete—while also taking into account the role of the State as a new powerful actor on the agri-food scene.
Language ideologies in a bilingual fourth grade classroom : a research proposal and reflections

In order to illustrate, I begin this report with an account of some of my experiences as a bilingual teacher, instructing curriculum designed to elicit student reflections their language ideologies and engaging praxis. The data includes student responses to a writing prompt and interview which elicited their language ideologies. Some of the student comments were striking due to their recognition of the higher status of English. The student-collected data aided me in evaluating my curriculum and instruction and inform my future practice. My report ends with a proposal to investigate these issues more deeply by conducting a study on student language ideologies.
The Theory of the Firm and the Structure of the Franchise Contract

Uses the tools of Coase's (1937) theory of the firm, and an analysis of property rights, incentives and monitoring, to assess the nature of the franchise contract. Franchising is of interest to economists because it represents a situation in which there is not a sharp distinction between interfirm and intrafirm transactions. The institutional structure of the franchise is discussed, and a franchise agreement is defined as a contract between two legal firms--the franchisor, or parent company, and the franchisee, a firm set up in a specific location to market the product or service offered by the parent company. The franchisee pays a specific amount of money for the right to market this product or service. The standard explanation of franchising, in terms of capital markets, is then considered and rejected. The theory debated is that franchisors use franchising as a means to raise capital. However, by considering this argument in light of modern capital theory, it is concluded that the franchisor interested in raising capital would do better to create a portfolio of shares in many franchise outlets in order to diversify risks and maximize profit potential. An alternative explanation of franchisee motivations is given which suggests that both parts of the contract give property rights to the parties, i.e., the franchisor and the franchisee, for areas they can most efficiently control. Finally, the application of antitrust law to franchising is found to be false, since it confuses legal categories with economically meaningful ones. (SFL)
Game-Console-Based Projects for Learning the Computer Input/Output Subsystem

The input/output (I/O) subsystem is an important topic within computer architecture (CA) because it determines how the computer interacts with its environment. For this reason, computer scientists and engineers must understand how the computer manages this interaction, which is usually taught in introductory CA courses. Of course, there are many different styles of teaching, ranging from purely theoretical to completely practical. The CA course considered in this paper has already applied a practical approach for some time. For the I/O subsystem, students must be able to describe what polling and interrupts are and handle them through low-level programming. However, programming at this level in operating system (OS)-driven computers is not possible without being familiar with the kernel and drivers, which is not usually the case for students in an introductory course. Fortunately, there are many bare and specialized embedded systems around that are not OS-driven. In this proposal, the Nintendo DS (NDS) console was used in a classroom setting. It proved to be an appropriate infrastructure for developing attractive and engaging projects and was useful in providing a better understanding of the mechanisms related to the I/O subsystem. At the same time, the teaching methods were altered to make the transition from classical, passive, lecture-based classes to an active project-based learning (PBL) approach. It has been a very rewarding experience to see students learning to control the NDS devices on their own. In addition to describing the implementation of the proposed changes in two subsequent school years, this paper also presents some data and conclusions.
Preserved SCN4B expression is an independent indicator of favorable recurrence-free survival in classical papillary thyroid cancer

Voltage-gated sodium channel β subunits (encoded by SCN1B to SCN4B genes) have been demonstrated as important multifunctional signaling molecules modulating cellular processes such as cell adhesion and cell migration. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression profiles of SCN4B in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and its prognostic value in terms of recurrence-free survival (RFS) in classical PTC. In addition, we also examined the potential effect of DNA methylation on its expression. A retrospective study was performed by using data from available large databases, including the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-Thyroid Cancer (THCA). Results showed that SCN4B is downregulated at both RNA and protein level in PTC compared with normal thyroid tissues. Preserved SCN4B expression was an independent indicator of favorable RFS in patients with classical PTC, no matter as categorical variables (HR: 0.243, 95%CI: 0.107–0.551, p = 0.001) or as a continuous variable (HR: 0.684, 95%CI: 0.520–0.899, p = 0.007). The methylation status of one CpG site (Chr11: 118,022,316–318) in SCN4B DNA had a moderately negative correlation with SCN4B expression in all PTC cases (Pearson’s r = -0.48) and in classical PTC cases (Pearson’s r = -0.41). In comparison, SCN4B DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) were not frequent and might not influence its mRNA expression. In addition, no somatic mutation was found in SCN4B DNA. Based on these findings, we infer that preserved SCN4B expression might independently predict favorable RFS in classical PTC. Its expression might be suppressed by DNA hypermethylation, but is less likely to be influenced by DNA CNAs/mutations.
Addressing Student Behavior and Affect with Empathy and Growth Mindset

We present results of a randomized controlled study that compared different types of affective messages delivered by pedagogical agents. We used animated characters that were empathic and emphasized the malleability of intelligence and the importance of effort. Results showed significant correlations between students who received more empathic messages and those who were more confident, more patient, exhibited higher levels of interest, and valued math knowledge more. Students who received more growth mindset messages, tended to get more problems correct on their first attempt but valued math knowledge less and had lower posttest scores. Students who received more success/failure messages tended to make more mistakes, to be less learningoriented, and stated that they were more confused. We conclude that these affective messages are powerful media to influence students’ perceptions of themselves as learners, as well as their perceptions of the domain being taught. We have reported significant results that support the use of empathy to improve student affect and attitudes in a math tutor.
Performance Characteristics of the Immunoglobulin G-Capture BED-Enzyme Immunoassay, an Assay To Detect Recent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Seroconversion

ABSTRACT Recently, we developed an immunoglobulin G (IgG)-capture BED-enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA) to identify recent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) seroconversion for use in incidence estimates. We have established an algorithm for its use; developed quality control reagents to monitor the assay; and evaluated its performance for interrun, intrarun, and operator variability. Analysis of 144 individual plates, which involved multiple plate lots and several operators over more than a year, indicated that the coefficients of variation (CVs) were between 10 and 15% for raw optical density (OD) values in the dynamic range between 0.5 and 2.0 OD units; the CVs decreased to 5 to 10% when the OD was normalized (OD-n; OD-n = specimen OD/calibrator OD). The intrarun CVs were generally in the range of 5 to 10% for specimens with ODs <0.5 and less than 5% for specimens with ODs >0.5. The level of concordance between multiple plate lots (n = 6) and multiple operators (n = 7) was quite high (R2 > 0.9). Comparison of the results of the initial and the confirmatory tests with specimens with OD-n values ≤1.5 demonstrated a high degree of correlation (R2 = 0.92); 566 (92%) of 615 of specimens tested in the two modes retained the same classification (recent or long-term infection). The values for those specimens with changed classifications (n = 49) were close to the cutoff (OD-n = 1.0), as expected. The twofold difference in the HIV IgG contents between the controls and the calibrator reagents was exploited to monitor individual plate runs by using a control plot, which was incorporated into the spreadsheet for data entry and run monitoring. This information provides baseline data for the successful transfer of BED-CEIA to other laboratories and the use of BED-CEIA for the detection of recent HIV seroconversion and the calculation of incidence estimates worldwide.
The Interorganizational Network as a Political Economy

J. Kenneth Benson The interorganizational network may be conceived as a political economy concerned with the distribution of two scarce resources, money and authority. Organizations, as participants in the political economy, pursue an adequate supply of resources. Interactions and sentiments of organizations are dependent upon their respective market positions and power to affect the flow of resources. The interorganizational network is itself linked to a larger environment consisting of authorities, legislative bodies, bureaus, and publics. The flow of resources into the network depends upon developments in this larger environment.
Resources for processing Israeli Hebrew

We describe work in progress whose main objective is to create a collection of resources and tools for processing Hebrew. These resources include corpora of written texts, some of them annotated in various degrees of detail; tools for collecting, expanding and maintaining corpora; tools for annotation; lexicons, both monolingual and bilingual; a rule-based, linguistically motivated morphological analyzer and generator; and a WordNet for Hebrew. We emphasize the methodological issue of well-defined standards for the resources to be developed. The design of the resources guarantees their reusability, such that the output of one system can naturally be the input to another.
Investigating married adults’ communal coping with genetic health risk and perceived discrimination

ABSTRACT Increased genetic testing in personalized medicine presents unique challenges for couples, including managing disease risk and potential discrimination as a couple. This study investigated couples’ conflicts and support gaps as they coped with perceived genetic discrimination. We also explored the degree to which communal coping was beneficial in reducing support gaps and ultimately stress. Dyadic analysis of married adults (N = 266, 133 couples), in which one person had the genetic risk for serious illness, showed that perceived discrimination predicted more frequent conflicts about alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency-related treatment, privacy boundaries, and finances, which, in turn, predicted wider gaps in emotion and esteem support, and greater stress for both spouses. Communal coping predicted lower support gaps for both partners and marginally lower stress.
Distribution and synaptic organization of dopaminergic axons in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat

In the present study, immunocytochemistry with an antiserum against dopamine (DA) revealed hitherto unknown terminal fields of DA axons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the rat. The innervation of all subdivisions of the LGN is achieved by a common set of afferent fibers that branch to form terminal fields of uneven density. The ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGv) receives slightly more DA axons than the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGd), whereas within the latter, DA afferents innervate the lateral part of the nucleus slightly more densely. Labeled axon terminals and varicosities, examined in single and serial ultrathin sections, were found in the extraglomerular neuropil in the LGd and in the neuropil of the LGv characterized by relatively simple synaptic relationships. They formed predominantly asymmetrical synaptic contacts with dendritic profiles. Occasionally, the postsynaptic elements were found to be presynaptic dendrites of presumptive interneurons. Some of the possible roles of this newly demonstrated DA afferent system in the physiology of the LGN and in the pathophysiology of diseases associated with impairment of dopaminergic activity are discussed.