Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Data Mining with Extended Symbolic Models

Symbolic modeling of data with decision trees or decision rules has a certain appeal to data mining application developers. The computationally e cient nature of the modeling methodology, and the inbuilt explanatory nature of the models that are generated, are two often cited reasons for the preferred use of these methods. Traditionally, the applications of these methods had been restricted to classi cation modeling. Recent extensions to these methods employing ideas from statistics and machine learning have resulted in more general frameworks that continue to exhibit the underlying characteristics but apply to a much wider class of applications. These extended symbolic modeling methodologies permit exciting new application avenues, including probabilistic modeling, text mining, and integrating data mining into knowledge-based frameworks. Highlights of work in this area in the data abstraction research group at IBM's T.J. Watson Research Center will be presented.
Pain Management in Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy: A Review

The management of postoperative pain is a key to patient early recovery, in particular, where the surgery was performed to benefit another human being. In recent years it has been recognized that multimodal analgesic methods are superior for postoperative pain relief. It is also imperative to remember that inadequately managed acute postoperative pain opens the doorway to possible suffering from chronic postoperative pain later. Although the laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has reduced the disincentives associated with open surgery, still significant percentage of donors suffers from postoperative pain. In the UK, patient-controlled analgesic system (PCAS) using morphine for postoperative pain relief is being used in majority of the transplant centres. Though opioids provide good analgesia, they are far from being an ideal analgesic due to their adverse effects. This paper pragmatically looks in depth on different modalities of pain management in patients undergoing laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy.
Buffering and Read-Ahead Strategies for External Mergesort

The elapsed time for external mergesort is normally dominated by I/O time. This paper is focused on reducing I/O time during the merge phase. Three new buffering and readahead strategies are proposed, called equal buffering, extended forecasting and clustering. They exploit the fact that virtually all modern disks perform caching and sequential readahead. The latter two also collect information during run formation (the last key of each run block) which is then used to preplan reading. For random input data, extended forecasting and clustering were found to reduce merge time by 30% compared with traditional double buffering. Clustering exploits any temporal skew in input runs to further reduce the number of seeks. Authors’ current address: Microsoft, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA 98052-6399, U.S.A.
A Comparison of Access Methods for Temporal Data Title a Comparison of Access Methods for Temporal Data Individual Participants

Any software made available via TimeCenter is provided as is" and without any express or implied warranties, including, without limitation, the implied warranty of merchantability and tness for a particular purpose. The TimeCenter icon on the cover combines two arrows. " These arrows" are letters in the so-called Rune alphabet used one millennium ago by the Vikings, as well as by their precedessors and successors. The Rune alphabet second phase has 16 letters, all of which h a ve angular shapes and lack horizontal lines because the primary storage medium was wood.Runes may also be found on jewelry, tools, and weapons and were perceived by many a s h a ving magic, hidden powers. The two Rune arrows in the icon denote T" and C," respectively. Abstract: This paper attempts a comparison of different indexing techniques which have been proposed for supporting efficient access to temporal data. The comparison is based on a collection of important performance criteria that include the consumed space, the update processing and the query time for representative queries. Since it was not possible to compare actual method implementations against the same data sets, the comparison is based on worst case analysis, hence no assumptions on data distribution or query frequencies are made. When a number of methods have the same asymptotic worst case behavior, features in the methods which affect average case behavior are discussed. Additional criteria examined are the pagination of an index, the ability to cluster related data together and the ability to efficiently separate old from current data (so that larger archival storage media such as write-once optical disks can be used). The purpose of the paper is to identify the difficult problems in accessing temporal data and provide a good description of how the different methods aim to solve them. A general lower bound for answering basic temporal queries is also introduced.
Photobacterium sanctipauli sp. nov. isolated from bleached Madracis decactis (Scleractinia) in the St Peter & St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil

Five novel strains of Photobacterium (A-394T, A-373, A-379, A-397 and A-398) were isolated from bleached coral Madracis decactis (scleractinian) in the remote St Peter & St Archipelago (SPSPA), Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil. Healthy M. decactis specimens were also surveyed, but no strains were related to them. The novel isolates formed a distinct lineage based on the 16S rRNA, recA, and rpoA gene sequences analysis. Their closest phylogenetic neighbours were Photobacterium rosenbergii, P. gaetbulicola, and P. lutimaris, sharing 96.6 to 95.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The novel species can be differentiated from the closest neighbours by several phenotypic and chemotaxonomic markers. It grows at pH 11, produces tryptophane deaminase, presents the fatty acid C18:0, but lacks C16:0 iso. The whole cell protein profile, based in MALDI-TOF MS, distinguished the strains of the novel species among each other and from the closest neighbors. In addition, we are releasing the whole genome sequence of the type strain. The name Photobacterium sanctipauli sp. nov. is proposed for this taxon. The G + C content of the type strain A-394T (= LMG27910T = CAIM1892T) is 48.2 mol%.
Re-analysis of genome wide data on mammalian microRNA-mediated suppression of gene expression

microRNAs are short endogenously expressed RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Although both mRNA degradation and suppression of mRNA translation can mediate reduced protein levels following microRNA targeting of an mRNA, their relative contributions have remained elusive. A recent genome-wide study in mammals employing RNA-sequencing to measure microRNA effects on mRNA translation and stability concluded that 84–89% of microRNA-induced suppression of gene expression is due to degradation of target mRNAs. We re-analyzed this data set and applied a number of analysis modifications which revealed that the contribution of mRNA translation was likely underestimated for some mRNA subsets. Moreover, in contrast to the original analysis, our analysis indicated that suppression of mRNA translation precedes mRNA degradation upon microRNA targeting. Our findings thereby enhance our understanding of microRNA mediated genome wide suppression of gene expression in mammals.
Lyapunov based small-gain theorem for parameterized discrete-time interconnected ISS systems

Input-to-state stability (ISS) of a feedback interconnection of two discrete-time ISS systems satisfying an appropriate small gain condition is investigated via the Lyapunov method. In particular, an ISS Lyapunov function for the overall system is constructed from the ISS Lyapunov functions of the two subsystems. We consider parameterized families of discrete-time systems that naturally arise when an approximate discrete-time model is used to design a controller for a sampled-data system.
Molecular Mechanism Underlying Lymphatic Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer

As the most challenging human malignancies, pancreatic cancer is characterized by its insidious symptoms, low rate of surgical resection, high risk of local invasion, metastasis and recurrence, and overall dismal prognosis. Lymphatic metastasis, above all, is recognized as an early adverse event in progression of pancreatic cancer and has been described to be an independent poor prognostic factor. It should be noted that the occurrence of lymphatic metastasis is not a casual or stochastic but an ineluctable and designed event. Increasing evidences suggest that metastasis-initiating cells (MICs) and the microenvironments may act as a double-reed style in this crime. However, the exact mechanisms on how they function synergistically for this dismal clinical course remain largely elusive. Therefore, a better understanding of its molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in pancreatic lymphatic metastasis is urgently required. In this review, we will summarize the latest advances on lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic cancer.
Scene Analysis of Chungking Express

This article is a formal analysis of a scene from Chungking Express in which the leading female protagonist from the first half of the film exacts revenge upon her lover. This article examines the director's use of mise-en-scene, cinematography, and sound within the scene and how the director uses these stylistic choices to tie this section to the broader theme of love and its effect on people's choices, actions, and lives in general.
An evaluation of East Asian summer monsoon forecast with the North American Multimodel Ensemble hindcast data

The abilities of three models (Climate Forecast System version 2 [CFSv2], Canadian Coupled Climate Model version 3 [CanCM3] and Canadian Coupled Climate Model version 4 [CanCM4]) in the North American Multimodel Ensemble for the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) forecast were evaluated with their 29‐year hindcast data (1982–2010). Many EASM features including monsoon precipitation centres, large‐scale monsoon circulations and monsoon onset and retreat are generally captured by the three models and their ensemble mean, and the multimodel ensemble has the best performance. Since the East Asian domain includes the tropical western North Pacific summer monsoon (WNPSM) and the subtropical continent monsoon, two well‐known monsoon indices, the WNPSM index (WNPSMI) and EASM index (EASMI), and their associated low‐level winds and precipitation anomalies are well forecasted by the models. However, the forecast performance generally decreases as the leads increase, and the performance of EASMI is not as good as that of WNPSMI. CFSv2 forecasts well at leads up to 6 months whereas the skill of CanCM3 (CanCM4) decreases rapidly when the lead increases to 2 months (3 months). The failure of CanCM3 is mainly attributed to the poor forecast of the relationship of EASMI with the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation and Northern Indian Ocean‐western North Pacific (WNP) sea surface temperature anomaly. However, the causes of the poor forecast of CanCM4 for EASMI require further investigation. Sources of the forecast error (FE), which is the difference between model and observation for monsoon precipitation, are more significant than those of the predictability error (PE), which originates from the initial condition error, indicating that model deficiency plays a dominant role in limiting the EASM precipitation forecast. However, the PE cannot be neglected over the tropical western Pacific in CFSv2, over the WNP in CanCM3 and over the Tibetan Plateau in CanCM4. As the lead time increases, the FE does not remarkably change whereas the PE decreases significantly.
A greedy reclaiming scheduler for IEEE 802.11e HCCA real-time networks

The IEEE 802.11e standard introduces Quality of Service (QoS) support for wireless local area networks and suggests how to design a tailored HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA) scheduler. However the reference scheduling algorithm is suitable to assure service guarantees only for Constant Bit Rate traffic streams, whereas shows its limits for Variable Bit Rate traffic. Despite the numerous alternative schedulers proposed to improve the QoS support for multimedia applications, in the case of VBR traffic satisfactory real-time performance has not been yet achieved. This paper presents a new scheduling algorithm, Unused Time Shifting Scheduler (UTSS). It integrates a mechanism for bandwidth reclaiming into a HCCA real-time scheduler. UTSS assigns the unused portion of each transmission opportunity to the next scheduled traffic stream. Thanks to such feature, traffic variability is absorbed, reducing the waste of resources. The analytical evaluation, corroborated by the simulation results, shows that UTSS is suitable to reduce the delay experienced by VBR traffic streams and to increase the maximum burstiness sustainable by the network.
Testing real-time task networks with functional extensions using model-checking

Analysis and verification of safety critical systems is inevitable to assure functional and temporal correctness. For checking temporal system behaviour, real-time scheduling analysis has been proved to be an efficient method. As an analytical method, real-time scheduling relies on rather simple task network models mostly ignoring functional behaviour in order to remain computable and efficient. Functional and temporal system behaviour however are often closely related. By abstracting from functional behaviour, scheduling analysis often results in large over-approximation for such systems. We propose a task network model providing extensions to describe also functional system behaviour. The main elements are explicit data objects and tasks with internal states and data dependant executions. Since there are no analytical methods known to be available for such extended models we propose an analysis based on a combination of model-checking and testing. Although this technique does not provide exhaustive verification, it is a first step towards time-accurate analysis of complex realtime systems. Moreover, the approach provides a convenient way to check systems against functional and temporal requirements in contrast to analytical methods that are usually restricted to simple temporal properties like deadlines.
An On-Chip Test Clock Control Scheme for Circuit Aging Monitoring

In highly reliable and durable systems, failures due to aging might result in catastrophes. Aging monitoring techniques to prevent catastrophes by predicting such a failure are required. Aging can be monitored by performing a delay test at faster clocks than functional clock in field and checking the current delay state from the test clock frequencies at which the delay test is passed or failed. In this paper, we focus on test clock control scheme for a system-onchip (SoC) with multiple clock domains. We describe limitations of existing at-speed test clock control methods and present an on-chip faster-than-at-speed test clock control scheme for intra/inter-clock domain test. Experimental results show our simulation results and area analysis. With a simple control scheme, with low area overhead, and without any modification of scan architecture, the proposed method enables faster-than-at-speed test of SoCs with multiple clock domains.
Using an innovative tool in science education: examining pre-service elementary teachers’ evaluation levels on the topic of wetlands

ABSTRACT Today’s world requires citizens to make informed decisions by critically evaluating evidence and alternative explanations. The purpose of this study was to explore pre-service elementary teachers’ capability of building a model–evidence link, their evaluation levels on the topic of wetlands, and their evaluations of the trustworthiness of the sources of evidence. In order to achieve this goal, we used the Turkish-adapted version of Model-Evidence Link (MEL) diagrams, an instructional tool that provides insights into the ability of learners to build model–evidence links and their explanations for these links. The analysis of participant responses revealed an accurate understanding of model–evidence links; however, participants showed a misinterpretation when evidence has nothing to do with the model. The findings indicated that the participants usually explain these links in descriptive and/or relational terms. The analysis also showed that the participants listed various criteria for evaluating the trustworthiness of the sources of evidence; however, the percentage of each was low. The implications of this study suggest a need for using MEL-like scaffolds in various long-term educational settings as well as a need for purposeful and systematic efforts to enable learners to evaluate sources of evidence for different subjects.
“Getting Rid of the Dog”: Adult Recall of a Childhood Experience

Dog relinquishment is common practice across Australia and in many other countries. The psychological impact of dog relinquishment is an under-researched area. While a few studies have shown that the dog relinquishment experience can be emotionally distressing and cognitively challenging for adults, nothing is known about the impact of the experience on children. This paper reports on the recollections of 10 adults, who in qualitative interviews in Western Australia, described their childhood experience of dog relinquishment. The findings suggest that children experiencing dog relinquishment feel powerless and voiceless, having no influence or say in what happens to their dogs. The experience can be cognitively and emotionally distressing, especially for children who are close to their dogs. Getting rid of a child’s loved dog can damage the parent-child relationship. In addition, the thoughts and feelings associated with losing their dogs in this way can remain long after the event.
M-Estimator induced Fuzzy Clustering Algorithms

M-estimators can be seen as a special case of robust clustering algorithms. In this paper, we present the reversed direction and show that clustering algorithms can be constructed by using M-estimators. A clever normalization is used to link the values of several M-estimator prototypes together in one clustering algorithm. A variety of M-estimators and several normalization strategies are used in 4 data sets to present their dierences and properties. The results are evaluated using 5 dierent clustering validation indices.
H-Pastry : An Adaptive Multi-level Overlay InterNetwork

Overlay networks are widely used for locating and disseminating information, by means of custom routing and forwarding on top of the underlying network. Distribute d Hash Table (DHT) based overlays provide flexibility coupled with good scalability and load balancing properties. Howev er, this comes at the cost of inefficient routing, caused by the lack of adaptation to the underlying network: current DHT designs often overlook physical network proximity, administrative boundaries and inter-domain routing policies, or a combination thereof. In this paper we show how to construct a DHT-based overlay network that takes all these aspects int o account. Based on the Pastry distributed object location an d routing substrate and the Canon paradigm, we developed HPastry, an overlay DHT scheme that harvests the scalability and load balancing features of flat DHT designs, while also adapting to the underlying network topology, administrative structure and routing policies. We evaluate the performance characteristics of the proposed scheme through an extensiv e set of detailed simulations over realistic inter-network topologies. Our results show that H-Pastry substantially improves routing by reducing both overlay path stretch (by up to 50%) and routing policy violations (by up to 67%), compared to the canonical Chord DHT. In addition, the canonical design of HPastry keeps traffic within administrative boundaries as far as possible, while also creating excellent opportunities f or the support of caching and multicast. Keywords-overlay; hierarchical; DHT; Pastry;
States and Power in Africa: Comparative Lessons in Authority and Control

time, as sub-Saharan Africa is bogged down with too many crises, further exacerbated by the AIDS epidemic. While Englebert's solution might not solve all of Africa's problems, it should serve as a catalyst for further studies on both a local and a continental level, and also on the part of the World Bank, the IMF, and Western development agencies that design programs for African states. It is a must read for all Africans who seek a better continent, for students of African politics, decision-makers, and development specialists of all genres. Osaore Aideyan Claremont Graduate University Claremont, California
Measurement and the software development process

This paper argues that software measurement and the software development process are mutually dependent. Firstly, a high-level view of the relationship between measurement and the development process is taken. This view shows where the various activities within software measurement are positioned within the context of the high-level project stages. The topic of process modelling is introduced, and is used to develop a lower-level view of measurement integration with process. This shows that process models for measurement integration should be sufficiently fine-grained to show when measurements should be collected, how they should be collected, who should collect then, and how the results will be used (the usual lifecycle models are too coarse-grain to achieve this). It is also shown that measurement can be most easily integrated within an automated environment, as measurement collection should itself be automated. The initial work on the integration of measurement with process shows that there are elements of measurement, such as measurement definition and empirical validation, that must be considered outside of an individual project. To facilitate these cross-project measurement activities, the organisational structure within which the individual projects run is examined. To illustrate this, the authors discuss the use of measurement within the organisational model provided by the TAME project [1-3].
A map and new directions for the (pro)renin receptor in the brain: focus on "A role of the (pro)renin receptor in neuronal cell differentiation".

over the last few decades, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has seen the discovery of several new members, both in the periphery and in the central nervous system (CNS), including substrates, enzymes, and receptors, and one may wonder why textbooks are still teaching an oversimplified and outdated
The LF Seminar Meeting 1 Term Representation Lecture : Frank Pfenning

We describe spine form LF, a version of LF syntactically restricted to canonical forms, and use this framework to begin a logical presentation of the term language used within Twelf, which is (among other things) an implementation of LF. This is not a self-contained document by any means, it is incomplete and furthermore assumes various levels of background in focusing systems, dependent types, LF, the Twelf metalogical framework, and logic programming.
Stability analysis of positive feedback interconnections of linear negative imaginary systems

The paper is concerned with the stability analysis of positive feedback interconnections of negative imaginary systems. Firstly, a previously established Negative Imaginary Lemma is shown to remain true even if the transfer function has poles on the imaginary axis. This is achieved by suitably extending the definitions of negative imaginary transfer functions. Secondly, a necessary and sufficient condition is established for the internal stability of the feedback interconnection of negative imaginary systems. Moreover, some properties of negative imaginary transfer functions are developed. Finally, a numerical example is presented to illustrate the theory.