Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compact, Wideband, Dual-Band Polarization and Pattern Diversity Antenna for Vehicle Communications

A new design approach of dual-band polarization and pattern diversity antenna for vehicle communications is presented. This antenna consists of three essential parts: monopole array, swastika-shaped gap-coupled patch, and customized L-shaped driven dipole. First, the monopole array composed of four monopoles beneath the patch is excited by the dipole-induced patch mode of the swastika-shaped gap-coupled patch so as to realize a bidirectional beam in the upper band. Second, the swastika-shaped gap-coupled patch is reused as the main radiator of the lower band to achieve wideband broadside right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) radiation, which is excited by a pair of customized parallel-lines-fed L-shaped driven dipoles. Finally, two short-circuited branches are etched in the long arm of the L-shaped driven dipole, bringing in the out-of-band suppression improvement between the lower and upper bands. In order to verify the developed design method, a dual-band antenna with different polarization and radiation properties over two bands was designed, fabricated, and tested. Measured results indicate that the developed antenna with a compact transversal size of $0.36\lambda _{0} \times 0.36\lambda _{0}$ radiates broadside RHCP electromagnetic wave in 3.55–4.25 GHz and bidirectional vertical polarization (VP) in 5.62–6.38 GHz, which covers C-band and dedicated short-range communications (DSRC)-band, and especially serves as a promising candidate for applications in both vehicle-to-satellite (V2S) and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications.
Prototype solar panel development and testing for a Mercury orbiter spacecraft

A Mercury orbiting spacecraft imposes many design challenges in the area of spacecraft thermal control and electrical power generation. The discovery mission MESSENGER (Mercury Surface, Space, Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging), being designed and built by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), will orbit and survey the planet Mercury for one year. In order to reduce cost and schedule risk while increasing the probability for mission success, the MESSENGER solar arrays will be constructed from conventional "off the shelf" materials and technologies.
Manipulation of Thermal Emission by Use of Micro and Nanoscale Structures

In high temperature and vacuum applications, for which heat transfer is predominantly by radiation, the material’s surface texture is of substantial importance. Several micro and nanostructures designs have been proposed to enhance a material’s emissivity and its radiative coherence. Control of thermal emission is of crucial concern in the design of infrared sources, in electronic chip coolants, in high-efficiency photovoltaic cells, and in solar energy conversion. In this review paper, we present microscale and nanoscale structures supporting surface waves for obtaining polarization manipulation of thermal emission, extraordinary coherent thermal radiation, bandgap in the spectral emission, spin symmetry breaking of coupled thermal antenna array, and a broadband infrared absorption. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005160]
A combined numerical and analytical approach for magnetic field analysis of permanent magnet machines

This paper discusses finite element analysis of permanent magnet machines using an annular macro-element for the air gap and magnet region. It is shown that in comparison with the conventional finite element scheme, the proposed method provides stable computational prediction of magnetic field problem, and can be used as design and analysis tool for permanent magnet machines. >
Transverse Magnetic Surface Plasmons in Graphene Nanoribbon Qubits: The Influence of a VO2 Substrate

We study the influence of the phase-change material VO2 on transverse magnetic (TM) surface plasmon (SP) modes in metallic arm-chair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR) qubits in the Lindhard approximation. We assess the effects of temperature as a dynamic knob for the transition from the insulating to the metallic phase on the TM SP modes in single-band (SB) and two-band (TB) transitions. We show that a VO2 substrate leads to TM SP modes in both SB and TB transitions. In addition, we observe that the SP modes have a lower frequency than those for a substrate of constant permittivity. In addition, we study the influence of the substrate-induced band gap Δ′ on SP modes in TB transitions for the insulating and metallic phases of VO2.
Understanding Albrecht's Model of Trade Cumulus Cloud Fields

Abstract Using Albrecht's model, approximate analytical formulas are found for the dependence of the steady-State mean thermodynamic structure of a partly cloudy convective marine boundary layer on external parameters. Our goals are 1) to understand the physical factors that influence the vertical profiles of mean relative humidity, temperature, and fractional cloudiness within the cloud layer using the model to gain insight into the strato-cumulus-trade cumulus transition in the subtropical trade wind regime, and 2) to understand the sensitivity of the model to tunable internal parameters. The model, a prototype for bulk models of trade cumulus boundary layer, consists of a well-mixed subcloud layer topped by a cumulus layer and a sharp trade inversion. In the simplest formulation discussed here, precipitation is ignored and simple parameterizations for radiative cooling and fractional cloudiness are used. The analytical approximation agrees well with exact steady-state numerical solutions of Albrecht's .
Efficacy of Quetiapine Monotherapy and Combination Therapy for Patients with Bipolar Depression with Mixed Features: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Effective pharmacotherapy of bipolar depression with mixed features defined by DSM-5 remains unclear in clinical treatment guidelines. Quetiapine (QTP) and valproate have potential treatment utility but are often inadequate as monotherapy. Meanwhile, the efficacy of combination therapies of QTP plus valproate or lithium have yet to be verified. Hence, we conducted a randomized controlled pilot study to evaluate the efficacy of QTP monotherapy in patients with bipolar depression with mixed features defined by DSM-5 and compared the combination therapy of QTP plus valproate (QTP + V) versus QTP plus lithium (QTP + L) for those patients who responded insufficiently to QTP monotherapy. Data was analyzed according to the intent-to-treat population. Generalized linear mixed model was performed by using “nlme” package in R software. A total 56 patients were enrolled, among which, 35 patients responded to QTP alone, and 11 and 10 patients were randomly assigned to QTP + V and QTP + L group, respectively. Nearly 60% enrolled patients responded to QTP monotherapy at the first two weeks treatment. No statistically significant difference in efficacy between QTP + V and QTP + L was observed. In conclusion, QTP monotherapy appeared to be efficacious in patients with bipolar depression with mixed features, and for those who responded insufficiently to QTP, combining with either valproate or lithium appeared to have positive effects.
Flow past a circular cylinder at low Reynolds number: Oblique vortex shedding

Oblique shedding in the laminar regime for the flow past a nominally two-dimensional circular cylinder has been investigated numerically via a stabilized finite element method. No-slip condition on one of the sidewalls leads to the formation of a boundary layer which promotes oblique vortex shedding. Computations are carried out for three values of Reynolds number (Re): 60, 100, and 150. Cellular shedding is observed in all cases. Three cells are observed along the span for the Re=60 flow while only two cells are formed at Re=100 and 150. Spotlike vortex dislocations form at the junction of the cells. The frequency of the appearance of the dislocations increases with Re. Cellular shedding leads to low frequency modulation in the time histories of aerodynamic coefficients. Lowest value of drag is achieved at a time instant corresponding to the appearance of a new dislocation in the near wake. The vortex shedding frequency as well as the oblique angle of the primary vortices is found to vary with time for t.
Large‐eddy simulation of stable atmospheric boundary layers with a revised stochastic subgrid model

Simulations of stable atmospheric boundary layers have been conducted at various stabilities with a revised, stochastic backscatter model based on Mason and Thomson's theoretical and numerical results. Compared to the previous results of Mason and Derbyshire, there is more turbulence and a deeper boundary layer, as was expected from the tendency of the parametrization change to increase the surface stress. Scatterplots of various local non-dimensional quantities against the gradient Richardson number are presented which indicate a high degree of collapse to a single local scaling curve. Agreement of the non-dimensional gradients with the surface-layer observations is greatly improved by the inclusion of backscatter.
FLYCHK: A Straightforward, General Population Kinetics and Spectrum Modeling Capability

Summary form only given. Plasma spectroscopy is an important component for diagnosis and design of laboratory plasma experiments. The advent of plasma-generation devices such as laboratory and FEL-based X-ray lasers, intense ultra-short-pulse lasers, NIF and powerful Z-pinch machines will provide further impetus to develop fast, accurate plasma spectroscopic techniques. The new generation techniques must address the physical processes important to the production of exotic states of matter - such as warm dense matter, highly transient states of matter, and extremely hot dense matter - to develop an understanding of these novel plasmas. We have developed a simple, but generalized, non-LTE population kinetics and spectrum model that can be employed to study the plasma spectroscopy in most laboratory conditions. This capability, FLYCHK, will provide charge state distributions and synthetic spectra to help experimental design and spectral analysis. FLYCHK is designed with a view to being simple, easy-to-use, fast, and portable while providing a reasonable spectroscopic model for most users. We present the details of FLYCHK and provide examples relevant to several applications: laser-generated plasmas, EUV radiation modeling, EBIT plasmas, XFEL-generated plasmas
Feasibility investigation of compressible direct numerical simulation with a preconditioning method at extremely low Mach numbers

Compressible direct numerical simulation (DNS) with a preconditioning method is conducted for the turbulent channel flow of at an extremely low Mach number of 0.005. The turbulence statistics are in excellent agreement with incompressible DNS results, which indicates that the preconditioning method is able to accurately simulate the turbulence at an extremely low Mach number under the condition of sufficient resolution without any subgrid scale model or special treatment of numerical dissipation. In addition, the effects of the computational time step are investigated. It is shown that when the time step is shorter than 0.32 wall units, accurate results can be obtained and the total computational time is independent of the length of the time step. This study thus validates the feasibility of the compressible DNS with a preconditioning method for an extremely low Mach number and provides useful guidelines for simulating turbulence.
Affimers targeting proteins in the cardiomyocyte Z-disc: Novel tools that improve imaging of heart tissue

Dilated Cardiomyopathy is a common form of heart failure. Determining how this disease affects the structure and organization of cardiomyocytes in the human heart is important in understanding how the heart becomes less effective at contraction. Here we isolated and characterised Affimers (small non-antibody binding proteins) to Z-disc proteins ACTN2 (α-actinin-2), ZASP (also known as LIM domain binding protein 3 or LDB3) and the N-terminal region of the giant protein titin (TTN Z1-Z2). These proteins are known to localise in both the sarcomere Z-discs and the transitional junctions, found close to the intercalated discs that connect adjacent cardiomyocytes. We use cryosections of left ventricles from two patients diagnosed with end-stage Dilated Cardiomyopathy who underwent Orthotopic Heart Transplantation and were whole genome sequenced. We describe how Affimers substantially improve the resolution achieved by confocal and STED microscopy compared to conventional antibodies. We quantified the expression of ACTN2, ZASP and TTN proteins in two patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and compared them with a sex- and age-matched healthy donor. The small size of the Affimer reagents, combined with a small linkage error (the distance from the epitope to the dye label covalently bound to the Affimer) revealed new structural details in Z-discs and intercalated discs in the failing samples. Affimers are thus useful for analysis of changes to cardiomyocyte structure and organisation in diseased hearts.
NUMERICAL METHODS FOR TWO SECOND ORDER ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

Among the second order elliptic equations that arise frequently in science and engineering are the Monge-Ampere equation and the non-divergence structure linear equation with rapidly oscillating coefficients. Both of these PDEs are challenging from a numerical viewpoint: the first due to its nonlinearity and the second due to the impracticality of properly resolving the coefficients. In the first part of this thesis we construct finite difference schemes for the two-dimensional Monge-Ampere equation. Numerical investigation indicates that these schemes converge even in situations where smooth solutions do not exist. Secondly, we use formal asymptotic techniques to recover an appropriate average of the non-divergence structure operator. For several special cases we construct this operator in closed form. When this is not possible, the averaged operator is obtained numerically. Numerical investigations are consistent with the assertion that solutions of the original equation converge to solutions of the averaged equation.
Possible Effects of Collisional Breakup on Mixed-Phase Deep Convection Simulated by a Spectral (Bin) Cloud Model

The effects of the collisional breakup of raindrops are investigated using the Hebrew University Cloud Model (HUCM). The parameterizations, which are combined in the new breakup scheme, are those of Low and List, Beard and Ochs, as well as Brown. A sensitivity study reveals strong effects of collisional breakup on the precipitation formation in mixed-phase deep convective clouds for strong as well as for weak precipitation events. Collisional breakup reduces the number of large raindrops, increases the number of small raindrops, and, as a consequence, decreases surface rain rates and considerably reduces the speed of rain formation. In addition, it was found that including breakup can lead to a more intense triggering of secondary convective cells. But a statistical comparison with observed raindrop size distributions shows that the parameterizations might systematically overestimate collisional breakup.
A Deep Learning Approach and Recurrent Neural Network Towards Clickbait Detection

“Clickbait” is a term utilized for describing headlines designed to get readers to click on a link. Some of the most popular academic methods for using convolutional and convolutional neural network. It is commonly known that deep learning approaches may be used to solve complex issues (CNN). It’s a common misconception that academic researchers looking for misleading headlines have considered the whole context of the item they’re studying. Contextual information may also help readers better comprehend a document’s content. If you want to avoid being labeled a “clickbait” title, you may want to add some context to your headline. Text classification using RCNNs takes context into consideration. Classifying advertisements using this method is common practice in online marketing, especially clickbait. LSTM and Gated Recurrent Unit improve the RCNN model’s ability to classify clickbait, making it more accurate than prior state-of-the-art (GRU) methods. Because of the prevalence of online communication and social networking tools like Facebook and Twitter, anybody with an interest in spreading misinformation may do so.
Learning Style Classification via EEG Sub-band Spectral Centroid Frequency Features

Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory postulates that in learning, knowledge is created by the learners’ ability to absorb and transform experience. Many studies have previously suggested that at rest, the brain emits signatures that can be associated with cognitive and behavioural patterns. Hence, the study attempts to characterise and classify learning styles from EEG using the spectral centroid frequency features. Initially, learning style of 68 university students has been assessed using Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory. Resting EEG is then recorded from the prefrontal cortex. Next, the EEG is pre-processed and filtered into alpha and theta sub-bands in which the spectral centroid frequencies are computed from the corresponding power spectral densities. The dataset is further enhanced to 160 samples via synthetic EEG. The obtained features are then used as input to the k -nearest neighbour classifier that is incorporated with k -fold cross-validation. Feature classification via k -nearest neighbour has attained five-fold mean training and testing accuracies of 100% and 97.5%, respectively. Hence, results show that the alpha and theta spectral centroid frequencies represent distinct and stable EEG signature to distinguish learning styles from the resting brain. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6. 6833
Capabilities of bounded discrepancy decoding

The following four channels are considered: (A) a class of discrete memoryless channels with q inputs and outputs, (B) the time-discrete, amplitude-continuous memoryless channel with additive Gaussian noise and amplitude constraint, (C) the same as channel B but with energy instead of amplitude constraint, (D) a class of time-discrete, amplitude-continuous memoryless channels with amplitude constraint and non-Gaussian noise. For each channel the theoretical capabilities of “bounded discrepancy decoding” are studied. The “discrepancy” between two vectors is a distance or distance-like quantity defined such that the optimal decoder is a “minimum discrepancy decoder. ” For example, for channel A the discrepancy is the Hamming distance, and for channel B the discrepancy is the Euclidean distance. Bounded discrepancy decoding is a nonoptimal decoding scheme in which disjoint regions in the space of possible received vectors are constructed about each code word, each region consisting of those vectors within a fixed discrepancy of that code word. For example, in channels A and B the regions are spheres with centers at the code words and radius d/2 where d is the minimum distance between code words. If the received vector is in the region about code word i, it is decoded as code word i; otherwise the decoder announces an error. For all four classes of channels the following is shown to hold: There exists a fixed positive rate C B below which it is possible (asymptotically in n) to obtain exponentially small error probability using bounded discrepancy decoding. In many cases C B is shown to be strictly less than the channel capacity.
Applied Metrology for the Assembly of the Nb3Sn MQXFA Quadrupole Magnets for the HL-LHC AUP

The US HL-LHC Accelerator Upgrade Project (AUP) is building Nb3Sn quadrupole magnets, called MQXFA, with plans to install 16 of them in the HL-LHC Interaction Regions. Variability in coil size must be dealt with at the assembly level, which requires timely and repeatable measurement of each coil. In this paper we will present the methodology used for coil measurements and the geometrical size data for the coils that have been measured thus far. We will also show the coil measurements of 8 coils before and after cold test. The Leica AT960-MR laser tracker with Spatial Analyzer software acquired to achieve these measurements has been used elsewhere in the project to great effect.
A Comparison of the Stein-Rule and Positive-Part Stein-Rule Estimators in a Misspecified Linear Regression Model

In this paper, we examine the performance of the predictive risk of the Steinrule (SR) and positive-part Stein-rule (PSR) estimators when relevant regressors are omitted in the specified model. The exact formula of the predictive risk of the PSR estimator is derived, and the sufficient condition for the PSR estimator to dominate the SR estimator under a specification error is given. It is shown by numerical computation that the PSR estimator seems to be the best choice among the OLS, SR, and PSR estimators even when there are omitted variables.
Quadratic electro‐optic effect due to the quantum‐confined Stark effect in quantum wells

We have performed a semi‐empirical calculation of the refractive index changes induced by a perpendicular electric field in quantum wells. This calculation is based on experimental electroabsorption data, together with absorption sum rules that have recently been developed. We find good agreement with published experimental results. Our results are important to the development of electro‐optic and high‐speed electroabsorption quantum well devices.
Vitamin D3 Promotes Structural and Functional Recovery After Vincristine-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats: An Experimental Study

Background Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) is a distal axonopathy characterized by the loss of distal myelinated axons. This study aimed to assess the potential neuroregenerative roles of vitamin D3 using functional and electron microscopic analyses in a rat model of VIPN. Methodology A total of 40 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four main groups: Group 1 (control, n = 10), Group 2 (vincristine, n = 10), Group 3 (vincristine + vitamin D3, n = 10), and Group 4 (vincristine + vehicle, n = 10). Vincristine was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg, for two weeks, to induce peripheral neuropathy. Following successful induction, vitamin D3 (500 IU/kg/day) and vehicle treatments were applied weekly over four weeks. Structural (electron microscopic analysis) and functional analysis (von Frey test, pinch test, and electrophysiological analysis) were performed to assess functional recovery after peripheral nerve impairment. Results Withdrawal responses to mechanical allodynia and pinch tests were significantly higher in the vitamin D3-treated group (P < 0.05). The electrophysiological analysis also supported these results. Electron microscopic evaluation revealed that the remyelinated nerve fibers in the vitamin D3-treated group (Group 3) had thick myelin sheaths and normal axonal morphology. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that vitamin D3 could promote functional and structural recovery in a rat model of VIPN. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which vitamin D3 exerts its regenerative effects in VIPN, using alternative administration protocols.