Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outage Probability of MRC With Arbitrary Power Cochannel Interferers in Nakagami Fading

We propose a new approach to outage probability analysis of predetection maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity reception in Nakagami-m fading channels. We generalize prior work in that we consider L independent cochannel interferers with arbitrary powers and fading parameters as well as the effects of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). Our approach results in a general expression for outage probability under very broad assumptions. Moreover, our approach leads to a closed-form expression for outage probability in most cases of interest. We also provide numerical results that demonstrate the performance improvement obtained through MRC diversity combining in the presence of cochannel interferers.
Relationship between social stress and arrack drinking pattern

Purpose – Social stress and alcohol/arrack drinking are interrelated and vary across the sub cultures or cultures around the world. This study aims to examine relationships between social stress and arrack drinking patterns among Muslim, Hindu, Santaland Oraon communities in Rasulpur of Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approach – This study was conducted in Rasulpur of Bangladesh. In this region arrack produced from palm and date juice and arrack drinker of four ethnic communities is available round the year. Out of 760 male arrack drinkers, 391 samples (109 Muslim, 103 Hindu, 89 Santal and 90 Oraon) were randomly selected and were interviewed with semi‐structural questionnaire.Findings – The results of multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that there were significant differences in and relationships between social stress and arrack drinking pattern among the communities studied. Results suggested that the 2‐35 times higher risks of Hindu and Muslim's social stressors than the Santal and Oraon we.
A Low Complexity Energy Efficiency Maximization Method for Multiuser Amplify-and-Forward MIMO Relay Systems With a Holistic Power Model

In this letter, we investigate the energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem in multiuser amplify-and-forward (AF) MIMO relay systems with a holistic power model. A low complexity EE maximization method is proposed to jointly select the active antennas and the user, as well as optimize the transmission power of the user and relay. More specifically, the active antennas at the relay are selected by a norm-based scheme. We also propose a low complexity iteration scheme based on fractional programming, which can efficiently solve the pseudo-concave problem, in order to select the user and optimize the transmission power. Simulation results show that the proposed low complexity method enjoys a probability of 99% to hit the optimal EE obtained by exhaustive search. Moreover, it has an average gain of 42% in the EE over the conventional AF MIMO relay protocol.
Reputation in Online Markets : Some Negative Feedback

Online markets have dramatically altered the retail landscape. By eliminating barriers associated with geography as well as the physical costs of maintaining a storefront, online markets have created a “democracy” of buyers and sellers. However, the fluidity of this marketplace poses unique challenges— owing to the relative anonymity of transactions, the need for trust is paramount. Solving the “trust problem” represents a key competitive advantage for many of the successful players in the online space. For instance, much of the remarkable success of eBay has stemmed from its ability to create valuable and informative reputations for its users through its feedback system. The lock-in associated with a user’s reputation on eBay helped it to stave off challenges by Amazon and Yahoo. We highlight how eBay’s solution to the “trust problem,” has led to the existence of a “market for feedback” whose sole purpose is the “manufacture” of reputation for eBay users. We present a case study and statistical analysis of this market and show it as a crucial challenge to eBay’s future competitive advantage and, more generally, to solving the “trust problem” in other online markets. We thank Steven Tadelis and Ryan Kellogg, as well as participants at the Berkeley CED Executive Session, for their helpful comments. The first author gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Institute for Business and Economic Research (IBER) at the University of California, Berkeley. The second author gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the National Science Foundation.
A Scheme with Queuing Priority for Real-Time Streaming Media in 4G Scenarios

Time-sensitive multimedia streaming application is becoming a promising service in 4G scenario now, thereinto, end-to-end delay is the crux. Two issues should be deserved more attention at the heterogeneous wireless access routers, i.e.: timely response for real-time streaming traffics and fairness among other traffics. Considering resource limitation of mobile terminal, polling system should be one simple but effective bus scheduling strategy. For this purpose, we adopt a multi-queues polling system with queuing priority as implementation fashion. By means of the imbedded Markov chain theory and generating function method, mean queue length and mean circle time of asymmetric system are studied quantitatively, and corresponding results are demonstrated with computer simulation.
Challenges to the development of vaccines to hepatitis C virus that elicit neutralizing antibodies

Despite 20 years of research, a vaccine to prevent hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has not been developed. A vaccine to prevent HCV will need to induce broadly reactive immunity able to prevent infection by the 7 genetically and antigenically distinct genotypes circulating world-wide. HCV encodes two surface exposed glycoproteins, E1 and E2 that function as a heterodimer to mediate viral entry. Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) to both E1 and E2 have been described with the major NAb target being E2. The function of E2 is to attach virions to host cells via cell surface receptors that include, but is not limited to, the tetraspanin CD81 and scavenger receptor class B type 1. However, E2 has developed a number of immune evasion strategies to limit the effectiveness of the NAb response and possibly limit the ability of the immune system to generate potent NAbs in natural infection. Hypervariable regions that shield the underlying core domain, subdominant neutralization epitopes and glycan shielding combine to make E2 a difficult target for the immune system. This review summarizes recent information on the role of NAbs to prevent HCV infection, the targets of the NAb response and structural information on glycoprotein E2 in complex with neutralizing antibodies. This new information should provide a framework for the rational design of new vaccine candidates that elicit highly potent broadly reactive NAbs to prevent HCV infection.
An Interactive Receptionist Robot for Users with Vocal Pathologies

In real world applications a robotic system should be able to interact with humans. In particular it should be friendly and try to understand persons affected by diseases that can not permit them to speak fluently. In this paper a receptionist robot capable to vocally interact with humans that suffer of two types of pathologies, namely deafness and spasticity, is presented. It is composed by a novel auditory system for enhancing the pathological vocal messages and by an audio-video facial animation system which communicates the answer of the receptionist robot to the user through audio-visual modality. The auditory system is composed by a microphone array, a beamformer, an enhancement module (composed by a time scale modification module and emphasis module), and a speech recognizer. Some preliminary results of speech recognition performed with and without the speech enhancement module are reported.
Gratitude and Well‐Being: Who Benefits the Most from a Gratitude Intervention?

Background: Theory and research have shown that gratitude interventions have positive outcomes on measures of well-being. Gratitude listing, behavioral expressions, and grateful contemplation are methods of inducing gratitude. While research has examined gratitude listing and behavioral expressions, no study has tested the long-term effects of a gratitude contemplation intervention on well-being. Methods: The present experiment examined the efficacy of a 4-week gratitude contemplation intervention program in improving well-being relative to a memorable events control condition. Pre-test measures of cardiac coherence, trait gratitude, and positive and negative affect were collected. Pre- and post-test measures assessing satisfaction with life and self-esteem were also collected. Daily positive and negative affect were completed twice a week throughout the intervention period. Results: Compared to those in the memorable events condition, participants in the gratitude condition reported higher satisfaction with life and self-esteem. Trait gratitude was found to moderate the effects of the gratitude intervention on satisfaction with life. Conclusion: Grateful contemplation can be used to enhance long-term well-being.
Correcting Semantic Collocation Errors with L1-induced Paraphrases

We present a novel approach for automatic collocation error correction in learner English which is based on paraphrases extracted from parallel corpora. Our key assumption is that collocation errors are often caused by semantic similarity in the first language (L1-language) of the writer. An analysis of a large corpus of annotated learner English confirms this assumption. We evaluate our approach on real-world learner data and show that L1-induced paraphrases outperform traditional approaches based on edit distance, homophones, and WordNet synonyms.
Gene Expression Profiling of the Irinotecan Pathway in Colorectal Cancer

The exact mechanism responsible for large variation of response to chemotherapy remains unclear. This study profiled the gene expression for the entire irinotecan pathway to provide insights into individualized cancer therapy. The RNA expressions of 24 irinotecan pathway genes were measured in paired tumor and normal tissues from 52 patients with Dukes' C colorectal cancer using a real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay. The relative expression levels across the 24 pathway genes varied considerably, with a 441-fold range from highest to lowest expression levels for the tumor tissues and a 934-fold range for the normal tissues. Interpatient variability was also quite large, with a 33.6 median fold change in the tumor tissue genes and a 30.1 median fold change in the normal tissue genes. Six of the 24 irinotecan pathway genes had dramatically lower expression levels in the tumor samples than did the genes in the normal tissues (median range, 1.28-4.39 folds; P = 0.001-0.029). Eight genes had significantly higher levels (median range, 1.35-2.42 folds; P = 0.001-0.011). Using hierarchical clustering, three gene clusters and three patient groups were observed with high similarity indices by the RNA expressions in colorectal tumors. The three patient groups had no unique clinical pathologic features but could be differentiated by the statistically significant differences in RNA expression level of seven genes. Our study indicates that gene expression profiling could be valuable for predicting tumor response to chemotherapy and for tailoring therapy to individual cancer patients.
Learning Controller Success Rate for an SE ( 2 ) Robot in Contact-Rich Environments

Traditionally a motion planner outputs a trajectory, which is then tracked by a controller, but tracking the trajectory becomes non-trivial under actuation uncertainty and the possibility of contact. In order to design a planner that can take a controller into account, we need to estimate the success rate of the controller completing a trajectory produced by the planner. Instead of using simulation to estimate the success rate, which is too expensive, we propose a contact-point-based feature extraction method that can be used to learn the controller success rate for an SE(2) robot in contact-rich environments. Our results suggest that our method can predict the success rate in cluttered environments much better than random predictions. Moreover, the computation time is much less than using simulation to estimate the success rate.
An Integrative Review of Employee Voice: Identifying a Common Conceptualization and Research Agenda

Employee voice has been studied across a diverse range of disciplines, generating an extensive body of literature on the topic. However, its conceptualization across the disciplines has differed, resulting in a lack of integrative theories and frameworks on employee voice. The main objective of this paper is to conduct a multidisciplinary review of the academic research on employee voice, to show where there is an opportunity to adopt and adapt the findings and research on employee voice within alternate disciplines, and to demonstrate how this may lead to more common ground in the conceptualization of employee voice. This review focuses on an analysis of the Human Resource Management/Employment Relations and Organizational Behaviour disciplines' conceptualization of employee voice, beginning with the identification of where the disciplines diverged in their concept and study of employee voice. Further, it maps their similarities and differences, on the basis of motive, content, mechanism, target and management of voice. Finally, it identifies opportunities to incorporate the alternate disciplinary perspective and proposes a conceptual model, which addresses the blind spots in each discipline. It is proposed that the consideration of formal and informal employee voice in future studies will enable the better integration of voice research.
Robust tracking for interactive social video

We propose a novel approach for tracking video objects in interactive multimedia systems. Instead of designing a single tracking algorithm that works well with some templates (video objects to be tracked) but fails with others, our adaptive algorithm uses three distinct tracking techniques with different strengths and weaknesses. The tracking technique that is selected for a given template depends on its visual content and the content of the video. Our approach is robust and allows tracking requests of users to be computed despite an imprecise selection of a template. In addition, our approach is designed to comply with high precision, speed, and scalability to support many users simultaneously. As an exemplary testing environment for this tracking system, an interactive hypervideo system was chosen. The system was integrated into the social network Facebook and used by more than 12,000 users.
An operational semantics for I/O in a lazy functional language

1/0 mechanisms are needed if functional languages are to be suitable for general purpose programming and several implementations exist. But little is known about semantic methods for specifying and proving properties of lazy functional programs engaged in 1/0. As a step towards formal methods of reasoning about realistic 1/0 we investigate three widely implemented mechanisms in the setting of teletype 1/0: synchronised-stream (primitive in Haskell), continuationpassing (derived in Haskell) and Lanolin-stream 1/0 (where programs map an input stream to an output stream of characters). Using methods from Milner’s CCS we give a labelled transition semantics for the three mechanisms. We adopt bisimulation equivalence as equality on programs engaged in 1/0 and give functions to map between the three kinds of 1/0. The main result is the first formal proof of semantic equivalence of the three mechanisms, generalizing an informal argument of the Haskell committee.
Creative Cognition: Theory, Research, and Applications

Part 1 Introduction to creative cognition: overview the goals of creative cognition demystification of creativity previous approaches to creativity scope of creative cognition. Part 2 Theoretical and methodological considerations: a general model structuring creative opportunities experimental procedures and controls motivational factors evaluating creative products general issues in creativity assessment. Part 3 Creative visualization: mental synthesis and transformation emergent features in mental images creative visual discoveries externalizing the creative process. Part 4 Creative invention: a paradigm for invention preinventive forms creative refinement.
Justice Do It! The Nike Transnational Advocacy Network: Organization, Collective Actions, and Outcomes

The focus of this study is on the organizational dynamics, collective actions, and outcomes of a transnational advocacy network that was formed to protest the labor practices of Nike’s sport shoe factories in Asia. Transnational advocacy networks arise and are sustained with the intent of changing social conditions. The Nike transnational network sought to improve the lives of workers in Nike factories in Asia so that they have jobs that pay a living wage, have good working conditions, can organize on their own behalf, and are treated with dignity and respect. A broad theoretical perspective that emphasizes the determinant and interactive effects of the emergence, development, and accomplishments of the Nike transnational network is employed.
The Model of Human Occupation

The Model of Human Occupation is used as a theoretical framework to review literature on the diagnosis of conduct disorder in adolescence. Specific occupational dysfunctions typical of this population are highlighted. A Newspaper Treatment Group based on this model is described focusing on three levels of treatmcnt: exploratory, competence and achievement. The purpose of this group is to facilitate healthy adaptation in this population.
Immunogenicity of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPE55 (Rv3347c) Protein during Incipient and Clinical Tuberculosis

ABSTRACT Clinical tuberculosis (TB), whether noncavitary or cavitary, is the late stage of a chronic disease process, since Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a slowly growing organism. Our studies have shown that the profiles of antigenic proteins expressed by the in vivo bacteria that elicit antibodies differ in cavitary and noncavitary TB (K. Samanich, J. T. Belisle, and S. Laal, Infect. Immun. 69:4600-4609, 2001). To gain insight into antigenic proteins expressed during incipient, subclinical TB, an expression library of M. tuberculosis genomic DNA was screened with sera obtained during subclinical TB from guinea pigs infected with aerosols of M. tuberculosis H37Rv. One of the proteins recognized by antibodies elicited during subclinical TB infection of guinea pigs is the 309-kDa PPE55 (Rv3347c) protein. Genomic hybridization studies suggest that the PPE55 gene is specific to the M. tuberculosis complex and is present in a majority of clinical isolates tested. Antibodies to the C-terminal, ∼100-kDa fragment of PPE55 (PPE-C) were detectable in sera from 29/30 (97%) human immunodeficiency virus-negative/TB-positive (HIV− TB+) patients and 17/24 (71%) HIV+ TB+ patients tested but not in sera from purified-protein derivative-positive healthy controls, suggesting that the in vivo expression of PPE55 protein correlates with active M. tuberculosis infection. Anti-PPE-C antibodies were also detected in retrospective sera obtained months prior to manifestation of clinical TB from 17/21 (81%) HIV+ TB+ individuals tested, providing evidence that the protein is expressed during incipient, subclinical TB in HIV-infected humans. Thus, PPE55 is a highly immunogenic protein that may be useful for differentiating between latent TB and incipient, subclinical TB.
Accurate mouth state estimation via convolutional neural networks

Human mouth is very flexible such that its status (closed or open) is often used as a judgment in the liveness detection of face recognition. However, due to large head pose and illumination variations, accurate mouth status estimation is still challenging in real-world scenarios. In this paper, we propose a deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) method for mouth status estimation under unconstrained conditions and different types of attacks. Different from previous methods that extract hand-crafted features and then treat the estimation problem as a binary classification task, our method automatically extracts discriminative features via learned convolutional and the pooling layers. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and the challenge of mouth status estimation in real-world, we also propose a mouth status estimation dataset that contains 10,714 images in the wild. Experimental results with two types of liveness attacks show that our proposed method outperforms the other traditional methods, especially in the wild condition.
Born Again? The Ethics and Efficacy of the Conversion Experience in Contemporary Management Development

This article notes how a religious tone has seeped into the discourse of contemporary management development. This religious analogy is explored through the evangelical Christian notion of ‘conversion’ and radical personal change. The expansion of such a mind-set into contemporary management thinking is related to the revival of the charismatic form of authority, in the writing of popular management gurus, such as Tom Peters. The search for new forms of ethical and social cohesion is considered. Next, this framework is applied to management development, with particular reference to one fairly mainstream, if intensive, programme. Through quotes from the managers involved, we illustrate how this programme employed emotional experience to remould individual personality and hence corporate culture in a way that mimics the religious conversion process. Finally, we question both whether a largely involuntary business organization has an ethical right to claim the ‘souls’ of its managers, and whether this is likely to be a realizable goal, in any case.
Scottish Emigration to the Maritimes 1770-1815: A New Look at an Old Theme

Between 1760 and 1860, in one of the greatest migrations in human history, millions of inhabitants of the British Isles left the land of their birth to make new homes overseas. At its height in the 1850s over 300,000 people per year participated in this mass exodus and relocation. The vast bulk of the emigrants were from England and Ireland, although perhaps 10 per cent were Scots, mainly from the urbanizing and industrializing Lowlands. In their choice of initial destination in the years after 1815, when better statistics are available than earlier, twelve of every twenty British emigrants selected the United States, while four of twenty went to British North America and three in twenty to Australia and New Zealand. Over this century of mass movement the migration of Scots to the Maritime provinces does not measure large. But before 1815, in the years when the British government and ruling classes agreed that emigration was pernicious and prior to their acceptance of the "shovelling out of paupers" as official and unofficial policy, Scottish — mainly Highlander — immigrants to the Maritimes constituted one of the principal components of the exodus which departed from Britain in defiance of public attitudes. Joining the Yankees and the surviving Acadians, the Scots Gaels by 1815 formed a third major ethnic community in the Maritime region. And like the Loyalists and Acadians, the Highlanders have perpetuated their own mythic version of their departure and subsequent history, in which the term "Clearances" figures prominently. By "clearance" most Scots understood a policy on the part of the large landed proprietors of Scotland willfully to displace people with grazing animals, especially sheep. Those displaced were left homeless, and were forced to emigrate to North America.