Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of the procedure for the estimation of reliability of reinforced concrete beams, strengthened by building up the stretched reinforcing bars under load

We studied the stresses state of rectangular reinforced concrete beams strengthened by building up the stretched reinforcing bars under the action of load. We developed two principal methods for assessing the reliability of the strengthened beams based on various regulatory documents. According to the developed methods, we established reliability of the tested structures and obtained the results of qualitative and quantitative indicators for reliability, specifically, reliability indices and probabilities of failure-free operation. We analyzed an effect of the considered stochastic parameters of the reserve of bearing capacity of normal cross sections of strengthened beams on a general reliability estimate. The establishment of actual indicators of reliability of beams strengthened under the action of load will make it possible to approach the issue of reconstruction of elements of buildings and structures more efficiently and economically. In particular, this relates to strengthening of bending of reinforced concrete elements under operation. In addition, the obtained results of reliability study make it possible to operate with those variable parameters that have the maximum influence on variance of the limiting bending moment of beams studied with sufficient accuracy of calculation. The developed principal methods for assessing reliability make it possible to design strengthened reinforced concrete bending elements with the assigned level of reliability (efficiency of solutions) ‒ probability of failure-free operation, which may be also the subject for further research. Finally, the obtained results make it possible to approach the choice of the strengthening method more effectively. Thus, we propose a methodology adapted to the current design standards of Ukraine for assessment of reliability. It includes a relatively simple mathematical calculation apparatus. Moreover, in contrast to the results of earlier studies, the obtained values of reliability indicators are clear, since they have a distribution close to proportionality depending on a load level and a diameter of reinforcement extension. Thus, for reliability indices β i , the range of values was from 3.35 to 3.45, and for the probability of failure-free operation P(β) i ‒ from 0.999596 to 0.999720 (towards increasing the reliability level at a larger diameter of the reinforcement of extension and a load level at the moment of strengthening). The discrepancy between identical values of indices found in accordance with engineering and deformation models of calculation was about 8 % only. This fact allows the application of the developed methodology in the design practice. Therefore, taking into consideration the lack of research in the field of assessment of reliability of the reinforced concrete bending elements strengthened under the action of load, we can state that the results obtained are relevant
Ladyzhenskaya's theory revisited and application to FBSDEs with jumps

The main result of this work is a rigorous extension of Ladyzhenskaya's theory for quasilinear parabolic PDEs to a certain class of functional PDEs which includes quasilinear parabolic partial integro-differential equations (PIDEs). The extended theory gives an existence and uniqueness result for a Cauchy problem for quasilinear PIDEs which is our main tool for construction of a solution to FBSDEs driven by a Brownian motion and a compensated Poisson random measure.
Tree Species Diversity and Carbon Stock in Community and Religious Forests of Rupandehi, Nepal

Forest is one of the most important natural resources of the ecosystem which contributes in biodiversity conservation as well as plays a significant role in maintaining the earth’s climate by sequestrating atmospheric carbon. Tropical forests are rich in biodiversity and store large amounts of carbon. The studied Bolbum Community Forest (BCF) and Brahmakumari Global Religious Forest (BGRF) lie in tropical region between the altitudes 120 and 300 m asl in Rupandehi District of Nepal. The main objective of this research was to assess and compare tree diversities and carbon stocks in two different management regimes, namely, community forest and religious forest. Stratified random sampling technique was used for data collection. The allometric equation biomass-diameter regression (Model II) was used for estimation of carbon stock of tree species while Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indices were used to measure tree species diversity. The results showed that the carbon stock value was 27.15 t.ha-1 in BCF and 40.94 t.ha-1 in BGRF. The community forest had lower value of tree carbon stock than that of the religious forest. However, tree diversity was higher in BCF (25) than in BGRF (20). Shorea robusta was found to be the single dominant species in BGRF with higher basal area (102.24 m².ha-1) and contributed 56% of the carbon stock. The contribution of carbon stock of two co-dominant tree species in BCF were 32% for Shorea robusta and 26% for Terminalia anogeissiana. There was significant (p=0.05) positive relationship of carbon stock with basal area and DBH in both forest types.
Inherited metabolic disorders in adults: systematic review on patient characteristics and diagnostic yield of broad sequencing techniques (exome and genome sequencing)

Background/Objectives The timely diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders (IMD) is essential for initiating treatment, prognostication and genetic testing of relatives. Recognition of IMD in adults is difficult, because phenotypes are different from those in children and influenced by symptoms from acquired conditions. This systematic literature review aims to answer the following questions: (1) What is the diagnostic yield of exome/genome sequencing (ES/GS) for IMD in adults with unsolved phenotypes? (2) What characteristics do adult patients diagnosed with IMD through ES/GS have? Methods A systematic search was conducted using the following search terms (simplified): “Whole exome sequencing (WES),” “Whole genome sequencing (WGS),” “IMD,” “diagnostics” and the 1,450 known metabolic genes derived from ICIMD. Data from 695 articles, including 27,702 patients, were analyzed using two different methods. First, the diagnostic yield for IMD in patients presenting with a similar phenotype was calculated. Secondly, the characteristics of patients diagnosed with IMD through ES/GS in adulthood were established. Results The diagnostic yield of ES and/or GS for adult patients presenting with unexplained neurological symptoms is 11% and for those presenting with dyslipidemia, diabetes, auditory and cardiovascular symptoms 10, 9, 8 and 7%, respectively. IMD patients diagnosed in adulthood (n = 1,426), most frequently portray neurological symptoms (65%), specifically extrapyramidal/cerebellar symptoms (57%), intellectual disability/dementia/psychiatric symptoms (41%), pyramidal tract symptoms/myelopathy (37%), peripheral neuropathy (18%), and epileptic seizures (16%). The second most frequently observed symptoms were ophthalmological (21%). In 47% of the IMD diagnosed patients, symptoms from multiple organ systems were reported. On average, adult patients are diagnosed 15 years after first presenting symptoms. Disease-related abnormalities in metabolites in plasma, urine or cerebral spinal fluid were identified in 40% of all patients whom underwent metabolic screening. In 52% the diagnosis led to identification of affected family members with the same IMD. Conclusion ES and/or GS is likely to yield an IMD diagnosis in adult patients presenting with an unexplained neurological phenotype, as well as in patients with a phenotype involving multiple organ systems. If a gene panel does not yield a conclusive diagnosis, it is worthwhile to analyze all known disease genes. Further prospective research is needed to establish the best diagnostic approach (type and sequence of metabolic and genetic test) in adult patients presenting with a wide range of symptoms, suspected of having an IMD. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42021295156.
Turner syndrome: skin, liver, eyes, dental and ENT evaluation should be improved

Introduction Turner syndrome association with multi-organ system comorbidities highlights the need for effective implementation of follow-up guidelines. We aimed to assess the adequacy of care with international guidelines published in 2007 and 2017 and to describe the phenotype of patients. Methods In this multicenter retrospective descriptive cohort study, we collected growth and pubertal parameters, associated comorbidities, treatment, and karyotype in patients diagnosed at age <18 years between 1993 and 2022. We assessed age-appropriate recommendation follow-up (children, adolescents and adults) according to the 2007 guidelines if the last visit was before 2017 (18 recommendations) and the 2017 guidelines if the last visit was after 2017 (19 recommendations). Results We included 68 patients followed at Lausanne University Hospital (n=64) and at Neuchatel Regional Hospital (RHNe) (n=4). 2.9% of patients underwent all recommended investigations. Overall, 68.9 ± 22.5% and 78.5 ± 20.6% of the recommendations were followed, before and after 2017 respectively. High implementation rates were found for height, weight and BMI (100%), cardiac (80 to 100%) and renal (90 to 100%) imaging. Low implementation rates were found for Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) (56.5%), skin (38.5%), dental (23.1%), ophthalmological (10%) and cholestasis (0 to 29%) assessments, depending on age and time of visit. In adults (n=33), the mean proportion of followed recommendations was lower before than after 2017: 63.5 ± 25.8% vs. 78.7 ± 23.4%, p=0.039. Conclusion Growth parameters, cardiac and renal imaging are well followed. However, efforts should be made for dental, ENT, ophthalmological, skin and cholestasis assessments. Adequacy of follow-up improved with the quality of transition to adult care.
Republication of “Percutaneous Basal Closing Wedge Osteotomy of the First Metatarsal in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus and Its Short-Term Clinical Outcomes”

Background: Although percutaneous surgery for the treatment of hallux valgus is popular in Europe, there is sparse English written literature documenting its efficacy. This study described the operative techniques using percutaneous basal closing wedge osteotomy of the first metatarsal in correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus (HV) and its short-term clinical outcomes. We postulated that satisfactory correction of hallux valgus (HV) angle, intermetatarsal (IM) angle, and patients’ clinical outcomes could be achieved with this technique. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 25 feet in 23 patients who underwent a percutaneous basal closing wedge osteotomy of the first metatarsal (MT1) combined with a mini-open modified McBride procedure and mini-open resection of medial eminence. Follow-up averaged 21.5 months. Radiographic outcomes included pre- and postoperative HV angle, IM angle, absolute and relative shortening of MT1, and time to union. American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores were compared between pre- and postoperatively. Results: The average HV angle improved from 39.4 (range, 29-58.3) degrees preoperatively to 14.7 (range, 0.1-23.2) degrees postoperatively (P < .05). IM angle improved from 14.9 (range, 6.7-22.4) degrees to 6.6 (range, 0.9-14.8) degrees (P < .05). The average absolute shortening was 3.8 (range, 0.27-12.91) mm and the relative shortening was 0.8 (range, 0.05-1.91) mm. There was no delayed union or malunion at the osteotomy site. The average AOFAS score improved from 39 (range, 12-50) to 81 (range, 70-93) (P < .05). Conclusions: Satisfactory hallux valgus deformity correction and patients’ outcomes were achieved with this technique. Our results are similar to results reported in other studies using open techniques. There was no malunion or delayed union of the osteotomy. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series study.
Influence of Surface Roughness on Nanocrystalline Diamond Films Deposited by Distributed Antenna Array Microwave System on TA6V Substrates

In this study, the characteristics of nanocrystalline diamond films synthesized at low surface temperature on Ti-6Al-4V (TA6V) substrates using a distributed antenna array microwave reactor aiming at biomedical applications were investigated. The surface roughness of the TA6V substrates is varied by scratching with emery paper of 1200, 2400, 4000 polishing grit. Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) coatings with morphology, purity, and microstructure comparable to those obtained on silicon substrates usually employed in the same reactor and growth conditions are successfully achieved whatever the polishing protocol. However, the latter has a significant effect on the roughness parameters and hardness of the NCD films. The use of the finest polishing grit thus permits us to enhance the hardness value, which can be related to the work-hardening phenomenon arising from the polishing process.
Polarimetric Radar Relations for Quantification of Snow Based on Disdrometer Data

AbstractAccurate measurements of snow amounts by radar are very difficult to achieve. The inherent uncertainty in radar snow estimates that are based on the radar reflectivity factor Z is caused by the variability of snow particle size distributions and snow particle density as well as the large diversity among snow growth habits. In this study, a novel method for snow quantification that is based on the joint use of radar reflectivity Z and specific differential phase KDP is introduced. An extensive dataset of 2D-video-disdrometer measurements of snow in central Oklahoma is used to derive polarimetric relations for liquid-equivalent snowfall rate S and ice water content IWC in the forms of bivariate power-law relations S = and along with similar relations for the intercept N0s and slope Λs of the exponential snow size distribution. The physical basis of these relations is explained. Their multipliers are sensitive to variations in the width of the canting angle distribution and to a lesser extent the par.
Multidimensional Regression Discontinuity and Regression Kink Designs with Difference-in-Differences

This paper proposes some extensions to Calonico, Cattaneo, and Titiunikâ€™s (2014, Stata Journal 14: 909-946) commands for regression discontinuity (RD) and regression kink (RK) designs. First, the commands allow users to take a second difference in RD and RK (and higher order derivatives). That is, they combine RD/RK estimators with difference-in-differences (DID). The DID approach may be appropriate, for instance, when the density function of the running variable is discontinuous around the cutoff but steady over time. Second, they let users to specify multidimensional running variables, which is applicable, for example, to the estimation of boundary discontinuity. Finally, users can work with weighted data by specifying analytic weights and include control variables. For any of those extensions, the command ddbwsel calculates the MSE-optimal bandwidth, as proposed by Imbens and Kalyanaraman (2012, Review of Economic Studies 79: 933â€“959) and Calonico, Cattaneo, and Titiunik (2014, Econometrica 82: 2295-2326). The command ddrd implements the robust bias-corrected confidence intervals for any of the above extensions. The command dddens implements McCraryâ€™s (2008, Journal of Econometrics 142: 698-714) density test for cross-sectional RD and RK, and RD and RK with DID. The paper presents applications of two-dimensional RD with DID and one-dimensional RK with DID.
Spectral Element Approximation of Fluid-Structure Interaction in Hemodynamics

A fluid-structure interaction problem is obtained by coupling the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with the generalized string model to simulate the blood flow and arterial displacement. The Navier-Stokes equations are expressed in the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian framework and the structure equations are described using a Lagrangian approach. This talk is divided in two parts. First, we describe the high-order space-time approximation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations evolving in a moving domain. We present the high-order Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) framework in which we solve the fluid-structure interaction problem. We propose an ALE map using a polynomial description of the boundary of the computational domain and the Laplace operator. The construction of the map relies on a straight edge mesh in the reference domain and it conserves the shape of its interior elements. In the second part, we apply the ALE framework to solve a fluid-structure interaction problem for a simple 2D hemodynamics example. Two algorithms are considered: an implicit fully coupled and a semi-implicit. Both approaches are combined with the fix point method. To accelerate its convergence, we consider an Aitken relaxation procedure. Finally, we discuss the ingredients and details of the necessary tools to generalize the presented framework to a three-dimensional setting.
The Effectiveness of Using the Indonesian Print Module in Improving Student Learning Outcome in SMP Islam Al-Jauhari

Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, salah satu di antaranya adalah sarana. Salah satu sarana yang berpotensi meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa adalah modul. Tujuan penelitian yang akan dilakukan adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh modul terhadap hasil belajar siswa di SMP Islam Al-Jauhari. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan populasi siswa kelas IX SMP Islam Al-Jauhari Karangtengah Garut. Sampel yang dipilih berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak dua kelas yaitu kelas IX-A sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas IX-B sebagai kelas eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa penggunaan modul dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di SMP Islam Al-Jauhari.Kata Kunci: Modul, Hasil Belajar
The Conceptual Foundations of the Sociology of Law by Pitirim Sorokin and Max Weber

The socio-legal theories of P. A. Sorokin and M. Weber are common in belonging to the normativist trend in the sociology of law. To determine the limits of their applicability to the analysis of the operation of legal norms, it is necessary to clarify the reasons for their differences. The notable differences between both theories are connected not only with the general differences in corresponding sociological systems, but also with fundamentally different conceptual foundations of socio-legal doctrines. The Russian-American sociologist P. A.Sorokin, in developing the ideas of L. I. Petrażycki, considered law as a set of norms with a certain content which indicates the permitted and proper behavior by means of the distribution of rights and obligations, which are always thought to be inextricably linked. This understanding of legal norms allows us to meaningfully separate them from the norms of morality, etiquette, technical norms, and rules of fashion. A key feature of law as a special kind of legitimate order for Weber is its coercion, ensured by the staff, i.e., a group of people specifically aimed at forcing compliance with the order. In contrast to Sorokin, Weber believed that law and other related phenomena are distinguished not at the level of individual norms, but at the level of normative systems (orders). Sorokin focused on organized groups, the skeleton of which are the norms that both determine the behavior of group members and create its structure. Contrary to Sorokin, Weber believes that normative motivation is only able to influence human behavior, but not to determine it. The difference in the researchers’ perceptions of the importance of normative motivation may be related to the focus on active duties in the case of Sorokin and on the framework model of the behavior of the empowered person in Weber’s case.
Exit sets of the continuum Gaussian free field in two dimensions and related questions

The topic of this thesis is the study of geometric properties of the two-dimensional continuum Gaussian free field (GFF), which is the analogue of Brownian motion when time is replaced by a two-dimensional domain. This is part of the wider field of two-dimensional and conformally invariant geometry, which is currently a very active area of probability theory. More specifically, the main theme of our work is the definition and properties of what we call exit sets of the GFF. These sets are the analogue of exit times of intervals by Brownian motion when one replace the one-dimensional time by a two-dimensional set. Because the GFF is not a continuous function, but only a generalised function, the definition and the study of these sets are somewhat challenging. We discuss the definition and characterizations of these sets, study their size, the connectivity properties of their complement, some of their approximations via discrete structures, their relations to conformal loop ensembles and Schramm-Loewner evolutions, and how they can be used to construct some Liouville quantum gravity measures.
BOUNDARY DEPTH IN FLOER THEORY AND THE DISPLACEMENT ENERGY OF COISOTROPIC SUBMANIFOLDS

We assign to each nondegenerate Hamiltonian on a closed sym- plectic manifold a Floer-theoretic quantity called its "boundary depth," and establish basic results about how the boundary depths of different Hamil- tonians are related. As an application, we significantly expand the class of coisotropic submanifolds which are known to have positive displacement en- ergy. For instance, any coisotropic submanifold of contact type (in the sense of Bolle) in any closed symplectic manifold has positive displacement energy, as does any stable coisotropic submanifold of a Stein manifold. We also show that any stable coisotropic submanifold admits a Riemannian metric that makes its characteristic foliation totally geodesic, and that this latter, weaker, condition is enough to imply positive displacement energy under certain topological hy- potheses. 1. introduction A nondegenerate Hamiltonian H on a closed symplectic manifold (M, ω) has an associated Floer chain complex CF∗(H, J) (see, e.g., (30) for a survey; we use J here to denote a suitable family of almost complex structures, together with an abstract perturbation in the sense of (10),(21) in the case where such perturbations are needed), whose homology is equal to the quantum cohomology QH ∗ (M) = H ∗ (M) ⊗�, independently of H. This fact, which by the end of the 1990s had been proven for arbitrary (M, ω) ((10),(21)), has an immediate corollary the remarkable fact that the number of fixed points of the time-1 map of the Hamiltonian flow of H is at least equal to the sum of the Betti numbers of M, thus establishing a variant of a famous conjecture of Arnol'd. The fact that CF∗(H, J) has homology (and in fact chain homotopy type) in- dependent of H, while allowing one to prove the aforementioned important result about all Hamiltonians, might seem to make Floer homology ill-suited to detecting properties that only obtain for some Hamiltonians. However, this has proven not to be the case, largely as a result of the fact that the chain complex CF∗(H, J) admits a natural filtration by R; thus for each λ ∈ R one has a chain complex CF � ∗ (H, J). The isomorphism type of CF∗(H, J) as a R-filtered chain complex is independent of the auxiliary data J (as follows from the proof of Corollary 4.5 of (27), for instance; see Lemma 1.2 below for a more general statement), but the filtration-dependent properties of CF∗(H, J) (in particular the filtered homologies HF � ∗ (H)) are rather sensitive to H. This suggests a program of studying individual Hamiltonians on symplectic manifolds by extracting invariants from the filtered chain isomorphism types of their Floer chain complexes.