Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Hierarchical Phases in Program Data Behavior

Computer memory hierarchy becomes increasingly powerful but also more complex to optimize. Run-time adaptation emerges as a promising strategy. For software, it means adjusting data behavior at different phases of an execution. For hardware, it means reconfiguring the memory system at different times. This paper presents a method that predicts the memory phases of a program when it runs. The analysis first detects memory phases in a profiling run using variable-distance sampling, wavelet filtering, and optimal phase partition. It then identifies the phase hierarchy through grammar compression. Finally, it inserts phase markers into a program through binary rewriting. The technique is a unique combination of locality profiling and phase prediction. The new method is tested on a wide range of programs against programmer manual analysis and pure hardware monitoring. It predicts program executions that are thousands of times longer than profiling runs. The average length of the predicted phases is over 700 million instructions, and the length is predicted with 99.5% accuracy. When tested for cache adaptation, it reduces the cache size by 40% without increasing the number of cache misses. These results suggest that phase prediction can significantly improve the many adaptation techniques now used for increasing performance, reducing energy, and other improvements to the computer system design.
MOS evaluation for VoD service in an IMS network

The both operation QoS management and monitoring for multimedia services supply are the cornerstones of convergence, towards an NGN architecture in packet switched networks, IMS as NGN control layer manage the QoS by set of Signalization plan in accordance with the specifications which makes provisioning. However, network monitoring also requires intelligence decision processes rather than calculation and treatment. For that we focus on the extraction of various performances and quality indicators, which have a direct impact on services (video streaming), and more specifically the interpretation of MOS (Mean Opinion Score) that represents the perceptual quality of the user.
Evolutionary Psychology: The Wheat and the Chaff

Evolutionary approaches are on the rise in the social sciences and have the potential to bring an all–encompassing conceptual framework to the study of human behavior. Together with neuroscience, which is digging the grave of mind–body dualism, evolutionary psychology is bound to undermine the still reigning human–animal dualism. If a Darwinian reshaping of the social sciences seems inevitable, even desirable, this should not be looked at as a hostile takeover. The underlying theme of this essay is that it is time for psychologists to join the Darwinian revolution, yet the essay also critically reviews current evolutionary psychology. It questions the loose application of adaptationist thinking and the fragmentation of the genome, behavior, and the brain. From biology we learn that not every species–typical trait is necessarily advantageous, and from neuroscience we learn that not every psychological ability or tendency necessarily needs to have its own specialized brain circuitry. But even if the concept of adaptation is hard to apply, psychologists would do well to start looking at human behavior in the light of evolution.
Polylogarithmic Approximation Algorithm for Non-Uniform Multicommodity Buy-at-Bulk

We consider the non-uniform multicommodity buy-at-bulk network design problem. In this problem we are given a graph G(V;E) with two cost functions on the edges, a buy cost b : E ! R + and a rent costr : E ! R + , and a set of source-sink pairssi;ti2 V (1 i ) with each pair i having a positive demand i. Our goal is to design a minimum cost network G(V;E 0 ) such that for every 1 i , si and ti are in the same connected component in G(V;E 0 ). The total cost of G(V;E 0 ) is the sum of buy costs of the edges in E 0 plus sum of total demand going through every edge inE 0 times the rent cost of that edge. Since the costs of dieren t edges can be dieren t, we say that the problem is non-uniform. The rst non-trivial approximation algorithm for this problem is due to Charikar and Karagiozova (STOC’ 05) whose algorithm has an approximation guarantee of exp(O( p logn log logn)), when all i = 1 and exp(O( p logN log logN)) for the general demand case where N is the sum of all demands. We improve upon this result, by presenting the rst polylogarithmic (specically , O(log 4 n) for unit demands and O(log 4 N) for the general demands) approximation for this problem. The algorithm relies on a recent result [12] for the buy-at-bulk k-Steiner tree problem.
MODELING AND VERIFICATION OF SEQUENTIAL CONTROL PATHS USING PETRI NETS

In this paper a design methodology based on interpreted Petri nets is applied to the functional verification of complex sequential control paths. Starting from a Petri net model with free choice structure and control engineering interpreted (CEI) net components, the verification of structural and behavioural properties as well as functional simulation is performed. A series of analysis strategies is derived to enable an automatic functional verification of a Petri net model. From the results of functional verification a set of modeling guidelines could be provided.
A distributed, event-driven building management platform on web technologies

This paper presents the system architecture of an event-based building management platform. By incorporating the distributed computing technologies in its core, it is able to adaptively scale horizontally without the redesign and the configuration downtime. The commodity hardware and networks used, permit vertical scaling if performance requirements change after the deployment. Additionally, the proposed solution offers an abstraction layer to the management components and the construction framework. This layer is built on modern web technologies facilitating the creation of innovating user driver applications and demand side management coordinators that are universal across the various building structures. Eventually this unification of the high performance management systems and the modern Information and Communication Technology (ICT) shall catalyze the integration of smart buildings in the future smart cities.
Labour markets in newly integrating economies such as India and China: are they different?

We start with an elementary economic proposition distinguishing labour markets from commodity markets with implications for economic growth. Labour markets differ fundamentally from commodity markets because the price of labour cannot be pushed to zero in the situations of oversupply typical in the developing countries. Their functioning is therefore subject to some socially determined (positive) minimum supply price of labour and is characterised by perpetual disequilibrium as reflected in the rate of unemployment. In the advanced industrialised countries with very high elasticity of capital, labour supply is a primary constraint on economic growth and unemployment is of a frictional or cyclical nature. The reproducible tangible capital-constrained developing countries are characterised by unlimited labour supplies at some positive socially determined minimum supply price. Lewis (1954) proposed a two-sector model of economic growth for such countries. This model postulated a gradual transfer of labour from a subsistence (S) sector (using traditional lowproductivity technology and acting as a residual absorber of unlimited labour supplies) to a capitalist (C) sector using modern, higher-productivity technology with high output supply elasticity and operating on a profit-maximising commercial basis. The critical difference here in comparison with the two-sector neoclassical model of growth was that the socially determined minimum supply price of labour was given by the average product in the S sector and not the marginal product of labour, which is zero in the S sector. Labour being in abundant supply, the primary constraint on growth in a closed economy was argued to be wage goods (primarily food grains) supply produced in the S sector with low elasticity of supply.
Adopting redundancy techniques for multicast stream authentication

Various schemes have been proposed to achieve strong authentication of streamed data in a lossy network by means of "light" digital signatures. Such techniques perform a strong authentication on only one packet, to which others are linked by means of hash functions, so that the authentication property propagates to them too. Most of these schemes make the basic assumption that the signature packet is not lost, even if no practical and precise solutions are proposed that guarantee such a property. In this paper we show how adoption of some redundancy techniques can be used in the context of multicast stream authentication in order to increase probability that the signature packets are received and correctly verified against their digital signature. Finally some experimental results are presented comparing computational overheads due to the authentication schemes both at the sender and at the receiver.
Assessment of inter- and intrapatient variability in C15O2 positron emission tomography measurements of blood flow in patients with intra-abdominal cancers.

PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the inter- and intrapatient variability of positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of perfusion in advanced solid cancers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Thirty-seven patients with predominantly intra-abdominal tumors underwent PET imaging using inhaled C15O2. Repeat data were obtained by scanning five patients twice, 1 week apart, with no intervening therapy. Regional flow and the volume of distribution (V(d)) were measured from dynamic images by use of a one-compartment model. Inter- and intrapatient variability were measured as the coefficient of variability (CV). Data were also obtained for regions of interest in normal liver, spleen, and kidney. RESULTS The mean (+/-SD) regional flow in the tumors was 0.46 +/- 0.19 ml(blood)/min/ml(tissue), and the mean V(d) was 0.74 +/- 0.15 ml(blood)/ml(tissue). Variability in tumor flow was greater between (n = 37; CV = 41%) than within (n = 5; CV = 11%) patients. Variability in tumor V(d) was greater between (CV = 21%) than within (CV = 6%) patients. There was a good correlation between the repeat tumor data for both regional flow (rho = 0.82; P = 0.023) and V(d) (rho = 0.89; P = 0.007). Normal tissue variability was also greater between than within patients. In all cases, no statistically significant differences were seen between repeat measurements in the same patient. CONCLUSIONS Dynamic C15O2 PET measurements of regional flow are reproducible in patients with predominantly intra-abdominal malignancies and may be useful for the pharmacodynamic evaluation of novel antivascular and antiangiogenic cancer therapeutic agents.
A framework for heterogeneous formal modeling and compositional verification of avionics systems

This paper presents a component oriented framework dedicated to the specification of embedded systems in the aeronautics domain. A component is an entity with three internal layers (hardware, operating functions and applicative functions) together with a collection of models in different domain-oriented views. A composition operation allows the expression of composition scenarios, yielding a component calculus for representing composite systems. An institutional framework supports this component calculus, allowing the expression of coherence criteria between heterogeneous views. This framework can be seen as a formal documentation of a system development and analysis, supporting heterogeneous modeling and compositional verification. The approach is illustrated on a non trivial case study.
Parallel and Random Solving of a Network Design Problem

Industrial optimization applications must be “robust,” i.e., must provide good solutions to problem instances of different size and numerical characteristics, and must continue to work well when side constraints are added. In practice, this translates into problems where no preferred solving techniques exist and where the search tree is so huge that no method is expected to find (and prove) optimal solutions. A network design problem recently made public by France Telecom is a perfect example of this type of problem. It is also a perfect candidate for using two techniques: large neighborhood search and portfolios of algorithms. After a successful first application of these techniques to the problem, attention was focused on improving performance. First, a specializing metaheuristic to reduce speculative work was implemented. Second, the previous implementation was parallelized on a shared memory multiprocessor machine. New issues arose as all methods were difficult to parallelize. Multiple parallelization implementations were tried in order to improve the efficiency of parallel solving with these methods. The result was then shown to outperform all known CP-based methods.
Homogeneous three-cell networks

A cell is a system of differential equations. Coupled cell systems are networks of cells. The architecture of a coupled cell network is a graph indicating which cells are identical and which cells are coupled to which. In this paper we continue the work of Stewart, Golubitsky, Pivato and Török by classifying all homogeneous three-cell networks (where each cell has at most two inputs) and classifying all generic codimension one steady-state and Hopf bifurcations from a synchronous equilibrium. We use combinatorial arguments to show that there are 34 distinct homogeneous three-cell networks as opposed to only three such two-cell networks. We show that codimension one bifurcations in homogeneous three-cell networks can exhibit interesting features that are due to network architecture. Indeed, network architecture determines, even at linear level, the kind of generic transitions from a synchronous equilibrium that can occur as we vary one parameter and plays a crucial role in establishing how the solutions on the bifurcating branches manifest themselves in each cell.
Do Parent Perceptions Predict Continuity of Publicly Funded Care for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether parent perceptions about care (barriers, disorder knowledge, treatment willingness) vary among children who drop out of or stay in publicly funded care for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to explore whether parent perceptions are predictive of staying in care over time. METHODS: A longitudinal cohort study of 529 children ages 5 to 11 years receiving care for ADHD in primary care or specialty mental health clinics in a large, countywide, managed-care Medicaid program. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify parent perceptions associated with the likelihood of staying in care across three 6-month time intervals, controlling for child and parent demographic characteristics, parental distress, clinical need, and recent special education use. RESULTS: At least three-fourths of children had at least 1 contact for any mental health care during a 6-month time interval (75%, 85%, 76%). Parent-perceived barriers, ADHD knowledge, and counseling willingness did not predict staying in care, whereas willingness for medication treatment was predictive at baseline. Minority status, nonmarried parent, parental distress, clinical need, and special education use were predictive of staying in care, but mostly during only one 6-month time interval, and their influence varied over time. CONCLUSIONS: Parent willingness for medication treatment along with several demographic and need factors predicted staying in care but not consistently over time. Future research is needed to develop practical tools for clinicians to elicit parent priorities about ADHD treatment and to integrate them into quality-improvement interventions targeted to improving shared decision-making for longer term ADHD care.
Health status and quality of life reported by incident patients after 1 year on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

BACKGROUND It has been suggested that there are no large differences in the quality of life of incident patients starting on haemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD), but few studies have addressed this issue. METHODS Association of modality with incident patients' health status and quality of life scores was investigated with propensity score (PS) analysis and also with traditional multivariable regression analyses. We compared patient reported health status and quality of life scores after 1 year of therapy in 455 HD and 413 PD patients who participated in a national study, stayed on the same modality and had complete socio-demographic and clinical information needed to create a PS indicating their expected probability of starting on PD. RESULTS One year scores on the majority of health status and quality of life measures were not significantly different for HD and PD patients within propensity-matched quintiles. PD patients' scores were higher than HD patients' scores on effects of kidney disease, burden of kidney disease, staff encouragement and satisfaction with care in some quintiles, and traditional regression analyses confirmed that dialysis modality was associated with patients' scores on these variables. CONCLUSIONS This study provides support for making the choice of PD more widely available as an option to patients initiating chronic dialysis therapy. Patient lifestyle opportunities associated with use of PD, a home-based and self-care therapy, may also apply to home-based HD or in-centre self-care HD. Patients' expectations regarding treatment and their attitudes toward management of their health may interact with treatment modality to shape patient-reported experience on dialysis; this is an important focus for future studies.
Lower Bounds for BMRM and Faster Rates for Training SVMs

Regularized risk minimization with the binary hinge loss and its variants lies at the heart of many machine learning problems. Bundle methods for regularized risk minimization (BMRM) and the closely related SVMStruct are considered the best general purpose solvers to tackle this problem. It was recently shown that BMRM requires $O(1/\epsilon)$ iterations to converge to an $\epsilon$ accurate solution. In the first part of the paper we use the Hadamard matrix to construct a regularized risk minimization problem and show that these rates cannot be improved. We then show how one can exploit the structure of the objective function to devise an algorithm for the binary hinge loss which converges to an $\epsilon$ accurate solution in $O(1/\sqrt{\epsilon})$ iterations.
Jointly Executed Research Activities on Design and Analysis of Primitives and Protocols

Project co-funded by the European Commission within the 7th Framework Programme Dissemination Level PU Public X PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission services) RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission services) The information in this document is provided as is, and no warranty is given or implied that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The user thereof uses the information at its sole risk and liability.
Cooperation-based Routing in Cognitive Radio Networks

Primary user activity is a major bottleneck for existing routing protocols in cognitive radio networks. Typical routing protocols avoid areas that are highly congested with primary users, leaving only a small fragment of available links for secondary route construction. In addition, wireless links are prone to channel impairments such as multipath fading; which renders the quality of the available links highly fluctuating. In this paper, we investigate using cooperative communication mechanisms to reveal new routing opportunities, enhance route qualities, and enable true coexistence of primary and secondary networks. As a result, we propose Undercover: a cooperative routing protocol that utilizes the available location information to assist in the routing process. Specifically, our protocol revisits a fundamental assumption taken by the state of the art routing protocols designed for cognitive radio networks. Using Undercover, secondary users can transmit in the regions of primary users activity through utilizing cooperative communication techniques to null out transmission at primary receivers via beamforming. In addition, the secondary links qualities are enhanced using cooperative diversity. To account for the excessive levels of interference typically incurred due to cooperative transmissions, we allow our protocol to be interference-aware. Thus, cooperative transmissions are penalized in accordance to the amount of negatively affected secondary flows. We evaluate the performance of our proposed protocol via NS2 simulations which show that our protocol can enhance the network goodput by a ratio reaches up to 250% compared to other popular cognitive routing protocols with minimal added overhead.
The Influence of a Diversified Instructional Strategy on an Understanding of the Nature of Scientific/Evolutionary Theory.

This study was designed to investigate the influence of a diversified instructional strategy to overcome misconceptions held by freshmen undergraduate students with respect to the nature of a scientific theory. The theory of evolution was selected because it is the most significant unifying theme within the discipline of biology. Two classes were pretested for background knowledge of evolutionary biology concerts, attitude regarding evolution, and an understanding of the nature of science. Intact groups received instruction from independent biology faculty members, both of whom agreed to make use of the same course outline and sequential introduction of topics. After having been exposed to an introductory lecture on the unit of evolution, the investigator provided the experimental group with an opportunity to discuss their positions regarding the theory of evolution. Discussion groups were asked to resolve potential conflicts arising among themselves and present a consensus opinion. The investigator further provided an interactive lecture/discussion to resolve misconceptions arising as a result of the amall group discussions. Both groups were posttested using the same measures administered on the pretest. The analysis of between group posttest scores revealed no significant differences for evolutionary concepts; however, with respect to an understanding of the nature of science/attitude toward evolution, a significant difference was found for the experimental group. (CW) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** THE INFLUENCE OF A DIVERSIFIED INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY ON AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE NATURE OF SCIENTIFIC/EVOLUTIONARY THEORY mi. -1101.11%. STATE umv rry U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it C Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction duality Points of vie* or opnionSstatedin this document do not neceSSrily represent official OERI position or policy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)" The Center for Science Education THE INFLUENCE OF A DIVERSIFIED INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY ON AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE NATURE OF SCIENTIFIC/EVOLUTIONARY THEORY