Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Location Valuation Index based on Public Transportation in Big Cities

In the countries’ economy, the housing acquisition and rental market has an important economic role. On the other hand, housing prices change quite rapidly due to effects such as inflation and earthquakes. Due to these rapid changes, it becomes difficult to stabilize and objectively evaluate housing prices. In evaluating houses, in addition to the characteristics of the house itself, the location where this house is located also has an important effect.In this study, the Location Valuation Index (LVI) was created to evaluate any location based on the ease of transportation from this location to other points of the city based on public transportation network. For this purpose, cost values between stops were used. The proposed model was run on data from izmir, Turkey’s third largest city, and a map of LVI values of the city was created.
Brain Age Estimation with Twin Vision Transformer using Hippocampus Information Applicable to Alzheimer Dementia Diagnosis

Brain age estimation using deep learning methods has been associated with detecting and diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's disease causes structural and functional changes to the brain throughout a person's life, prompting researchers to use medical imaging as a valuable tool for age estimation. Our study proposes a brain age estimation model that utilizes a twin structural network based on the Visual Transformer (ViT) to solve regression problems. Our input data is T1-weighted magnitude resonance imaging (MRI) of 220 participants taken from the OASIS1 dataset, aged between 45 to 96 years old. The ViT’s inputs are patches from a coronal view that include the hippocampus region (i.e., left and right). Briefly, we construct two paths to investigate brain age estimation for each path and then ensemble the predictions to improve the results. The best mean absolute error on the evaluation data set yielded 3.57 years. In comparison with other works, we acquire a promising MAE. The investigation can help to design an interpretable model for clinical diagnosis.
Renewable sources based micro-grid control schemes and reliability modeling

The micro-grid is a low rated, cost-effective, and multi-form micro-generation based modern power system. This system has many advantages such as the large scale integration of renewable power generation, the ability to provide power to rural and/ or isolated communities and to maximize the usage of renewable power sources. This is because a micro-grid system can provide reliable power, improve the overall system efficiency, reduce system cost and increase the penetration level of renewable power in next generation power systems. The diverse combination of micro-generation in a micro-grid system makes the reliable operation and control of the system a remarkable challenge in stand-alone applications. A micro-grid system comprised of renewable micro-generation is presented in this thesis. Key issues such as the system's dynamic behaviour, continuous power adjustment in an isolated micro-grid system w ith and without wind power generation, micro-grid test set up and reliability assessment are investigated as part of this work. An integrated dynamic model of a micro-grid system consisting of wind and hydro based micro-generation is first developed. This model is utilized to investigate the system behaviour under various modes of operations with the objective of revealing the nature of technical issues related to stable and reliable operation of the micro-grid system. The micro-grid control concepts are introduced to establish fast and accurate balance between micro-grid power generation and loads. An active power controller based on AC voltage control technique is developed to maintain real power equilibrium between generations and loads during the operating mode of an isolated micro-grid system with wind power generation. A governor controlled pumped hydro storage system is also investigated for regulating system frequency during the operating mode of an isolated micro-grid
The Role of Higher Education Institutions and Entrepreneurial Orientation in the Creation and Development of Academic Spinoffs

Academic spinoffs have received great attention in recent years as a means of transferring the knowledge generated by the research activities of higher education institutions (HEIs). Despite the contribution identified by the literature, there remains a lack of empirical evidence substantiating how the creation of academic spinoffs is enabled by entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and HEIs. This study theorises on the relevance of EO within the context of universities and how such an orientation may drive the founding and development of academic spinoffs. Based on a qualitative study, with 15 interviews from university rectors/presidents, faculty/school deans, degree program directors at Portuguese public HEIs, and founders of spinoffs, the results generate two relevant insights: (i) EO is relevant to the creation, growth, and performance of academic spinoffs, and (ii) personal fulfilment, the transfer of knowledge acquired in HEIs and the search for economic independence represent the main motivations for the creation of academic spinoffs. The findings are discussed to highlight their implications for theory, practice and policy-making.
QUANTIFIED CHARACTERIZATION OF SOIL BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY UNDER CROP CULTIVATION

Soil biological activity is extremely important for sustaining high soil fertility, crop yields, and therefore can effect economy. Poland is particularly relevant example where approx. 60% of land is used for crop cultivation. It is expected that agricultural soils contain much smaller number of microorganisms relative to non-cultivated soils. We hypothesise that agricultural soils are biologically degraded and cannot naturally regenerate which in turn may lead to relative infertility. The aim of the study was to evaluate which crop cultivation, oat or triticale, is more favourable for sustaining soil microbiological activity. Eight different cultivated soils and the same number of non-cultivated (control) soils were selected for the study. Soil samples were extracted from the surface layer, and taken to laboratory for determination of the: pH, total carbon (TC), permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), phosphate phosphorus (PO 4 -P) and total nitrogen (TN) content, microbial biomass (MB), soil respiration (SR), dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and DNA content. Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient was used to assess multicolinearity between the above physico-chemical and biological soil properties. Our data suggest that cultivated soils are biologically degraded as reflected by lower values of all microbiological parameters with relation to non-cultivated soils. In terms of cultivated crop type, we show that triticale is more favourable for sustaining soil microbiological activity than oat. Positive correlations suggest that pH, TC, POXC, P, N content are the critical factors determining soil microbiological activities.
Population Structure and Spatial Distribution of the Populus euphratica in the Mainstream of the Tarim River

The main purpose of this study is to examine the fluctuation characteristics of natural Populus euphratica community.Field data were obtained by tally with contiguous grid quadrat method.Investigated contents include the community structure,dominant species,and the height structure,growth vigor and diameter structure of P.euphratica. Finally,the population structure and distribution pattern of P.euphraticain desert riparian forest were discussed on the basis of theoretical distributing model and assembling intensity index.The results shows:(1)The DBH class allocation of the P.euphratica populations mainly concentrated on the middle DBH class;Ⅲ～Ⅴclass was 66.62%;the seedling and young tree are insufficient;Ⅰ～Ⅱclass was 28.83%andⅥclass was 4.55%;the population spatial structure were not of integrity.It indicated that population show a decline stage in the early.The survivorship curve of the population conformed to the type of DeeveyⅠ. (2)The height class structure of P.euphraticapopulation had little difference,with range of 21.60%～31.07%,which belonged to growth-oriented population in the upper reaches of Trim River.The diameter class structure showed approximately normal distribution,which shows that the overall population is steadily increasing in middle reaches of Tarim River.The height class structure had great difference,with range of 12.50%～51.14%,the distribution of the diameter class was shown as a negatively skewed distribution,which belonged to stable type population. (3)The ground survey analysis indicated that P.euphraticadistribution pattern shows aggregated distribution in the mainstream of the Tarim River,the aggregation intensity was different at various distance away from the river.P.euphratica was aggregated distribution in different stages and the aggregation intensity was different.The variations in spatial distribution patterns of populations in different habitats and at different growth stages were closely related to the biological and ecological characteristics of the species.
Bibliometric mapping of research developments on the topic of Efforts to Accelerate Stunting Reduction on ProQuest using VOSviewer

Research methods using VOSviewer application – Visualizing the scientific landscape (bibliometry) quantitative approach used to analyze and evaluate scientific papers that have been published in a particular field of knowledge. In conducting a literature review using a bibliometric approach, researchers collect and analyze various types of scientific publications such as journals, conference articles, and theses related to the research topic being investigated. The results of the study are known to be assumed that. The results of this study provide a strong foundation for assessing the success of stunting reduction efforts, identifying possible collaborations, and formulating future research directions related to the success of national priority programs that include accelerating the reduction in stunting incidence. The need for future researchers to conduct similar research by modifying specifically by adding mediating variables related to organizational behavior where public health efforts which are health programs at first-level health facilities with good governance can certainly contribute to the reduction of stunting, but the rapid slow decline in the incidence of stanting depends on the behavior in the organization, namely the commitment of officers health and motivation work in health workers in such first-level service facilities. With the hope that further research can develop research by examining public health efforts towards the success of national priority programs by increasing mediation, work commitment, and work motivation.
BIRD DIVERSITY DIFFERS BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL TREE PLANTATIONS ON BORNEO: IMPLICATIONS FOR CONSERVATION PLANNING

Southeast Asia is a region of particular conservation concern because of its high endemicity and rate of deforestation. Exotic tree plantations contribute substantially to the deforestation problem, and thus appropriate policies for plantation development need to be implemented in the region. Among these policies are conservation strategies for partitioning land between tree plantations and native ecosystems. Such strategies run the gamut between complete separation of plantations from inviolate natural systems ("land- sparing") to the inclusion of extensive native forest buffers within plantations to promote local diversity. We considered the appropriateness of these alternative approaches while comparing bird occurrence between two exotic tree plantations in Malaysian Borneo. The plantations were Sabah Softwoods, located in eastern Sabah, and the Sarawak Planted Forest Project, located in central-coastal Sarawak. They comprised mainly industrial trees (particularly Acacia mangium) that are cultivated for pulp and other wood products. Both plantations also contained islands or corridors of logged native forest. We found that Sabah Softwoods held more birds, even though the Sarawak Planted Forest Project included a larger proportion of native forest set aside specifi cally to promote wildlife. Outwardly, this fi nding supports land-sparing: the forests of eastern Sabah are inherently richer than those of central Sarawak and, thus, merit special protection from plantation development. However, both plantations held more birds than would be expected if they lacked native forest islands and corridors. Many of their constituent birds were uncommon species that could not exist without native forest buffers. Thus, the inclusion of stands of native forest remains an essential design component of industrial tree plantations, regardless of location.
Speckle noise reduction for optical coherence tomography

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has shown great promise for non-invasive and contact-less imaging of subsurface soft tissues. However, the problem of low image contrast caused by speckle noise has limited its applications in diagnosis. This paper present a wavelet-based method designed to improve OCT image contrast by reducing speckle noise. After transforming the image into a set of sub-images with different resolution levels in wavelet domain, we threshold high-frequency coefficients nonlinearity in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions. The experimental results show that wavelet processing suppresses speckle noise in OCT images of soft tissue effectively, while maintaining the sharpness of image features.
A Freely Extendable Closely Packed Dual-band MIMO Antenna for 5G Wireless Communication

: In this paper, a freely extendable dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G wireless communication is proposed. The highlight of the antenna is that the 2-port array can be freely extended by repeating the radiating elements and decoupling structure periodically. A 2-port MIMO antenna is proposed firstly. It consists of two dual-band radiating elements placed side by side with edge-to-edge spacing of 0.08 λ 0 . Then, a novel multiple bent split ring (MBSR) metamaterial (MTM) unit is designed. By adjusting the size, two kinds of units with single negative characteristics at two resonance points are obtained. By arranging the MBSR-MTM units cleverly between the two elements, dual-frequency decoupling is realized. Simulated and experimental results indicate that the antenna can operate at frequencies of 2.57 ∼ 2.62GHz and 3.5 ∼ 3.6GHz with the highest isolation of 30.2dB and 44.5dB, respectively. Additionally, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is much smaller than 0.05, implying good diversity performance. Furthermore, simulated and experimental results show that the 2-port antenna can be freely extended to multiple-port MIMO antenna without any modification, and the isolation between different ports remains high. The antenna has a compact structure, low profile, and high isolation, providing an excellent choice for 5G wireless communication.
Algorithms of Machine Learning and Application for Signal Compensation

The advent of machine learning has inaugurated a new epoch, where computers acquire patterns and relationships from data, obviating the need for explicit programming. In this context, supervised learning stands as a cornerstone. This study investigates the importance of decision trees, K-Means, and boosting in the context of signal compensation scenarios. The synergy between these techniques is profound. Decision trees frequently serve as prime contenders for base learners in ensemble approaches like boosting, augmenting predictive precision while encapsulating complex temporal associations. Furthermore, K-Means' ability to segment data into temporal clusters can facilitate preprocessing, thereby enhancing subsequent analysis and boosting model efficacy. Within practical applications, these techniques synergistically address time compensation challenges. Imagine a scenario where historical data is harnessed to forecast time delays in financial transactions. Employing supervised learning through decision trees, key features contributing to delays could be discerned. Boosting could subsequently refine this prediction model by prioritizing instances with temporal disparities, thereby enhancing its accuracy. In parallel, K-Means could segment data into time-related clusters, revealing insights into the temporal patterns governing these delays. In summation, the triumvirate of supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and ensemble learning, enriched by decision trees, K-Means, and boosting, form the bedrock of machine learning's application in time compensation domains.
The control of wind blown sand and moving dunes: a review of the methods of sand control in deserts, with observations from Saudi Arabia

Summary In desert regions where unconsolidated surface sediments are mobilized by the wind, problems of controlling drifting sand and moving dunes can be severe. In the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia drift rates reach 30m3m width annually and barchan dunes, up to 25 m in height, have an average rate of movement of nearly 15 m per annum. The problems caused by wind blown sand can be tackled in four ways: (1) by enhancing its deposition, using ditches, fences or tree belts; (2) by enhancing its transport, using streamlining techniques, creating a smooth texture over the land surface, or by erecting panels to deflect the air flow; (3) by reducing the supply of sand upwind, using surface stabilizing techniques, fences or vegetation; (4) by deflecting the moving sand using fences or tree belts. Moving dunes can be dealt with in three ways: (1) by removing them mechanically; (2) by dissipating them using reshaping, trenching or surface stabilization techniques; (3) by immobilizing them through altering their aerodynamic form, by surface stabilization or by using fences. In Saudi Arabia stabilization of 2.0 m wide strips, laid perpendicular to the direction of dune movement, using oil-based materials, is being widely adopted.
Groundwater contribution to winter streamflow in the Canadian Rockies

Alpine watersheds represent an important source of fresh water in western Canada. Understanding of hydrological processes in headwater environments is crucial to effectively manage and allocate alpine water resources. Since rainfall, snowmelt and glacier melt make minimal contributions to streamflow during winter months, essentially all winter flow in unregulated streams is provided by groundwater discharge. Therefore, the analysis of winter flow provides critical information regarding the magnitude of groundwater discharge and its relation with the physiographical characteristics of watersheds such as climate, geology and topography. Streamflow records of 18 watersheds (21–3900 km2) in the Canadian Rocky and Columbia mountain ranges were analyzed. Winter flows were in a narrow range (0.2–0.6 mm d–1) throughout the study area, and had a relatively small inter-annual variability, while the flows during spring, summer and fall had a large inter-annual variability. This suggests that the groundwater storage is filled up to the maximum capacity every year, and the groundwater discharge in winter is mostly controlled by the stationary factors such as the spatial variability of geology, topography and climatic variables. Precipitation inputs, reflected in the long-term mean annual flow, had a strong correlation with the long-term mean winter flow, indicating the dominant effect of the climatic gradient. Bedrock geology influenced winter flows, where the watersheds underlain by younger rocks having generally higher permeability and porosity had higher winter flow, while the topographic effects were not discernible. These suggest that the local effect of topography on the hydraulic gradient is averaged out, but the geological influence on the aquifer hydraulic property operates at a scale comparable to the size of the study watersheds.
Induction of Calcification in MC3T3-E1 Cells by Inorganic Polyphosphate

Relatively large amounts of inorganic polyphosphate [poly(P)] (400 μM) have been found in normal osteoblasts. The effect of poly(P) with an average chain length of 65 phosphate residues on cell calcification was therefore investigated with the use of MC3T3-E1 cells. Expression of both osteopontin and osteocalcin was induced by poly(P) (0.1 ~ 1 mM), and cells treated with poly(P) were strongly stained by alizarin red. In addition, the level of alkaline phosphatase activity induced in poly(P)-treated cells was two-fold higher than that in either orthophosphate-treated or control cells but not higher than that in cells treated with β-glycerophosphate and ascorbic acid. In contrast, however, polyphosphatase activities were activated by poly(P) treatment to levels up to six-fold greater than that in controls. MC3T3-E1 cells may utilize poly(P) as a phosphate source for calcification rather than phosphate sources that are mainly produced by ALPase. Poly(P)-dependent induction of polyphosphatase activities may therefore promote calcification in MC3T3-E1 cells.
Petrology and geochemistry of the lower ocean crust formed at the East Pacific Rise and exposed at Hess Deep: A synthesis and new results

The geochemistry and petrology of the lower oceanic crust record information about the compositions of melts extracted from the mantle, how these melts mix and crystallize, and the role of hydrothermal circulation in this portion of the crust. Unfortunately, lower oceanic crust formed at fast spreading ridges is rarely exposed at the seafloor making it difficult to study these processes. At Hess Deep, crust formed at the East Pacific Rise (EPR) is exposed due to the propagation of the Cocos‐Nazca spreading center westward. Here we review our state of knowledge of the petrology of lower crustal material from Hess Deep and document new mineral major and trace element compositions, amphibole‐plagioclase thermometry, and plagioclase crystal size distributions. Samples from the deeper parts of the gabbroic sequence contain clinopyroxene that is close to being in trace element equilibrium with erupted basalts but which can contain primitive (moderate Cr, high Mg#) orthopyroxene and very calcic plagioclase. Because primitive mid‐ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) are not saturated with orthopyroxene or very calcic plagioclase this suggests that melts added to the crust have variable compositions and that some may be in major but not trace element equilibrium with shallow depleted mantle. These apparently conflicting data are most readily explained if some of the melt extracted from the mantle is fully aggregated within the mantle but reacts with the shallow mantle during melt extraction. The occurrence of cumulates with these characteristics suggests that melts added to the crust do not all get mixed with normal MORB in the axial magma chamber (AMC), but rather that some melts partially crystallize in isolation within the lower crust. However, evidence that primitive melts fed the AMC, along with steep fabrics in shallow gabbros (from near the base of the dyke complex), provides support for models in which crystallization within the AMC followed by crystal subsidence is also an important process in lower crustal accretion. More evolved bulk compositions of gabbros from the upper than lower parts of the plutonic section are due to greater amounts of reaction with interstitial melt and not because their parental melt had become highly fractionated through the formation of large volumes of cumulates deeper in the crust. Amphibole‐plagioclase thermometry confirms previous reports that the initial ingress of fluid occurs at high‐temperatures in the shallow gabbros (Tave 713°C) and show that the temperature of amphibole formation was similar in deeper gabbros (Tave 722°C). This thermometry also suggests that fracture and grain boundary permeability for seawater‐derived fluids was open over the same temperature interval.