Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The foundations of finite sample estimation in stochastic processes

Generally, in the literature on stochastic processes, estimation is investigated in terms of asymptotic properties. In this paper we establish some finite sample optimal estimation. Let {Y1, Y2, . } be a discrete stochastic process. Since we will be discussing results for samples of finite size n, we restrict the process to R'. In the following, the term 'parameter' is used in the same broad sense as by Godambe & Thompson (1984). Let Y be a class of probability distributions F on R' and 0 = 0(F), F E jZ be a real parameter. Let hi be a real function of y 1, yi and 0 be such that
D-branes in anti-de-Sitter space

We investigate the role of Dp-branes, which are p+1 dimensional membranes where open strings end, in two different types of anti-de-Sitter backgrounds: AdS3xS3xM4 and AdS5xS5, where M4 is a compact four-dimensional manifold such as the four-torus T4 or the K3 surface. In the spirit of the AdS/CFT correspondence, D-brane physics on an anti-de-Sitter space should be captured by a dual conformal field theory defined on the boundary of AdS. Recently, Karch and Randall and DeWolfe, Freedman and Ooguri proposed in that the presence of a single D5-brane in AdS5 S5 is dual to a defect conformal field theory in which the usual N=4 bulk SYM theory is coupled to a 2+1 dimensional conformal defect field theory. Extending their result, we take the Penrose limit of a single D5-brane embedded in AdS5xS5 and propose a correspondence between open string states ending on the D5-brane and gauge-invariant operators living on the dual defect conformal field theory. Furthermore, we check this proposal by verifying that the anomalous dimension of the gauge theory operators matches the light-cone Hamiltonian of open strings ending on the D5-brane. Maldacena has proposed that type IIB string theory compactified on AdS3xS3xM4 is dual to a 1+1 conformal field theory defined on the conformal boundary of AdS3. In this thesis, we restrict our attention to the study of a D-brane embedded in AdS3xS3xM4 backgrounds and leave the explicit construction of the AdS/CFT correspondence of this setup for future work by others. First, we investigate the spectrum of open strings on AdS2 branes in AdS3 in an NS-NS background using the SL(2,R) WZW model. Then, we construct boundary states for the AdS2 branes in the Euclideanized AdS3 background and compute the one-loop free energy of open strings stretched between the branes.
Complete mitochondrial genome identification of Niwaella nigrolinea (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae)

Abstract In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Niwaella nigrolinea (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from Zhejiang, China, was determined for the first time. We found that the sequenced length of the complete mitochondrial genome of N. nigrolinea was 16,565 bp. The genome contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, two ribosomal RNAs, and two non-coding regions, identical to most other vertebrates. Our phylogenetic analysis results confirmed that N. nigrolinea was close to an unclassified Cobitis sp. and the fishes of the genus Cobitis. These data would contribute to the genetic conservation genetics and stock evaluation of N. nigrolinea.
A Gait-Based Real-Time Gender Classification System Using Whole Body Joints

Gait-based gender classification is a challenging task since people may walk in different directions with varying speed, gait style, and occluded joints. The majority of research studies in the literature focused on gender-specific joints, while there is less attention on the comparison of all of a body’s joints. To consider all of the joints, it is essential to determine a person’s gender based on their gait using a Kinect sensor. This paper proposes a logistic-regression-based machine learning model using whole body joints for gender classification. The proposed method consists of different phases including gait feature extraction based on three dimensional (3D) positions, feature selection, and classification of human gender. The Kinect sensor is used to extract 3D features of different joints. Different statistical tools such as Cronbach’s alpha, correlation, t-test, and ANOVA techniques are exploited to select significant joints. The Coronbach’s alpha technique yields an average result of 99.74%, which indicates the reliability of joints. Similarly, the correlation results indicate that there is significant difference between male and female joints during gait. t-test and ANOVA approaches demonstrate that all twenty joints are statistically significant for gender classification, because the p-value for each joint is zero and less than 1%. Finally, classification is performed based on the selected features using binary logistic regression model. A total of hundred (100) volunteers participated in the experiments in real scenario. The suggested method successfully classifies gender based on 3D features recorded in real-time using machine learning classifier with an accuracy of 98.0% using all body joints. The proposed method outperformed the existing systems which mostly rely on digital images.
A New Numerical Method for Fast Solution of Partial Integro-Differential Equations

A new method of numerical solution for partial differential equations is proposed. The method is based on a fast matrix multiplication algorithm. Two-dimensional Poison equation is used for comparison of the proposed method with conventional numerical methods. It was shown that the new method allows for linear growth in the number of elementary addition and multiplication operations with the growth of grid size, as contrasted with quadratic growth necessitated by the standard numerical methods. The proposed method can be easily generalized for any differential equations.
Relation between temperature tuning value and grating period deviation of periodically poled crystal for SHG

It's unavoidable that there is a deviation (called grating period deviation in this paper) between the real QPM period of periodically poled crystal and the ideal value to cause phase mismatching. By tuning temperature, we can get phase matching again. We present the formula of the relation between temperature tuning value ΔT and grating period deviation ΔΛ of periodically poled crystal for SHG in order to get phase matching. Our numerical analyses show that ΔT of PPLN-SHG is approximately directly proportional to the ΔΛ, and when the pumping wavelength or the quasi-phase matching order increase, the slope of (formula available in paper)to approximately ΔΛ curve will go down.
Linearity of stability conditions

Abstract For modules over an artin algebra, a linear stability condition is given by a “central charge” and a nonlinear stability condition is given by the wall-crossing sequence of a “green path. ” Finite Harder-Narasimhan stratifications of the module category, maximal forward hom-orthogonal sequences and maximal green sequences, defined using Fomin-Zelevinsky quiver mutation are shown to be equivalent to finite nonlinear stability conditions when the algebra is hereditary. This is the first of a series of three papers whose purpose is to determine all maximal green sequences of maximal length for quivers of affine type A and determine which are linear.
Magnetoelectric measurements on BaMnF4

Abstract A quadratic magnetoelectric effet is detected in the incommensurate antiferro-magnetic phase of BaMnF4. Two of the eight third order coefficients have been determined at 4K: βxxx = 1.1 10−19 s.A−1, βxzz = -1.6 10−19 s.A−1 (relative values, not correlated with the sign of the spontaneous polarization).
Artificial compound-eye imaging system with a large field of view based on a convex solid substrate

A compound-eye imaging system has been proposed in which the microlenses arranged in a convex solid substrate are designed for satisfying the requirement of both a large field of view and a flat receiving plane. Based on the geometrical optics, the formulas are established for determining the parameters of the microlens in the different positions so that the focal spots of the microlens array can properly be settled on a flat plane. With the method, ray tracing is carried out for simulating the focusing process of the compound-eye imaging system. The results show that the focal spots distributed on a plane are achieved and the field of view of the system can be up to 60°.
Growth kinetics of intermetallic alloy phase at the interfaces of a Ni/Al multilayer using polarized neutron and x-ray reflectometry

Al-Ni-based binary alloys offer several intermetallic phases of immense technological importance. We have attempted to understand the growth of interface alloy in an Al-Ni multilayer sample as a function of annealing time using primarily x-ray reflectometry (XRR) and polarized neutron reflectometry (PNR). Powder x-ray diffraction was also used to determine various crystallographic phases in the sample. The multilayer showed remarkable stability with respect to annealing time, following an initial alloy formation at the interface. Stability of such multilayers is important for their applicability as corrosion resistant coatings as well as metallization layers in microelectronic devices. Using XRR and PNR data we have identified the interface layer as ${\text{Al}}_{3}\text{Ni}$ intermetallic phase. Magnetic depth profile obtained from PNR shows that the interface alloy layer is magnetically dead. From the Bragg peak intensities of polarized neutron reflectivity measurements, we have estimated the diffusion lengths after annealing at $160\text{ }\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\text{C}$ for 1--8 h.
A three-dimensional boundary element/Laplace transform solution of uncoupled transient thermo-elasticity in non-homogeneous rock media

A boundary element solution of the uncoupled transient thermoelasticity in 3D, non-homogeneous media is proposed. The method is an extension of an earlier, 2D formulation. An explicit expression of the thermal integral function is derived and an efficient Laplace inversion scheme is implemented. The method is validated and its scope of application is illustrated with an example. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Limiting Resolution Looking Down Through the Atmosphere

The turbulence of the atmosphere places an upper limit on the quality of an image of ground objects obtained by long-exposure photography from high altitudes in the atmosphere or in space. (By making the imaging optics good enough, the film resolution fine enough, and the platform stable enough, this limit could be approached but not exceeded.) A useful quantity for indicating the magnitude of this limit is the integral of the MTF associated with the turbulence. Treating the integral as a two-dimensional bandwidth, one-half the inverse of its square root can be associated with a resolution length, or angle, in the same manner that an electrical engineer associates a rise time with one-half the inverse of the bandwidth of an R–C filter. Based on published data for typical strength of atmospheric turbulence, the integral of the MTF was calculated as a function of altitude and the corresponding resolution computed. This resolution is shown to correspond to a length of about 4.6 cm on the ground. It is shown that as an observer goes deeper into space, this limiting ground resolution remains constant, but the diameter of the optics needed to approach the limit goes up. Graphs of achievable ground resolution at any altitude and of the diameter of the optics needed to approach this limit are presented.
Diagnostic instrument for the measurement of poloidal magnetic fields in tokamaks

A diagnostic system has been developed to measure the direction of the local magnetic field within the plasma of a tokamak by making use of Zeeman splitting in an injected neutral lithium beam. A linearly polarized dye laser is used to pump the π component of the 2S‐2P resonant transition. The laser polarization is rotated at a fixed frequency, and phase analysis of the subsequent fluorescence identifies the local field direction. The instrument can monitor many radial points within the plasma simultaneously, allowing a current density profile to be determined on a single shot basis.
An Improved Intelligent Control System for Temperature and Humidity in a Pig House

The temperature and humidity control of a pig house is a complex multivariable control problem. How to keep the temperature and humidity in a pig house within a normal range is the problem to be solved in this paper. The traditional threshold-based environmental control system cannot meet this requirement. In this paper, an intelligent control system of temperature and humidity in a pig house based on machine learning and a fuzzy control algorithm is proposed. We use sensors to collect the temperature and humidity in the pig house and store these data in chronological order. Then, we use these time series data to train the GRU model and then use the GRU model to predict the temperature and humidity change curve in the pig house in the next 24 hours. Finally, the mathematical model of the pig house and related equipment is established, and the output power of the related equipment is calculated based on the prediction results of GRU so as to effectively regulate the indoor temperature and humidity. The experimental results show that compared with the threshold-based environmental control system, our system reduces the abnormal temperature and humidity by about 90%.
Estimation of Linear Error-in-Covariables Models with Validation Data Under Random Censorship

Consider the linear models of the form Y=X? s+? with the response Y censored randomly on the right and X measured erroneously. Without specifying any error models, in this paper, a semiparametric method is applied to the estimation of the parametric vector s with the help of proper validation data. For the proposed estimator, an asymptotic representation is established and the asymptotic normality is also proved.
Design and Development of a Versatile Quadruped Climbing Robot With Obstacle-Overcoming and Manipulation Capabilities

This article proposes a versatile quadruped climbing robot (QCR) based on multidegree-of-freedom legs utilizing adhesive vacuum suckers. For the first time, the climbing robot is simultaneously endowed with climbing, omnidirectional locomotion, large obstacle overcoming, and manipulation capabilities. A prototype QCR is developed by integrating the functional components along with vision and torque sensors. The kinematic and quasi-static climbing models have been derived under different scenarios with climbing safety checks by analyzing the adhesive and surface reaction forces. For potential application on the glass façade of high-rise buildings that are slippery and often full of prominent structures, a forward crawling gait and an omnidirectional climbing gait are planned to overcome the obstacles. A comprehensive torque controller is proposed for locomotion. The concept of the leg-transformed manipulator is introduced to accomplish the manipulation tasks under visual guidance. The robot's performance has been verified by performing several experiments in adhesion, crawling, visual-guided manipulation, and climbing. Results reveal that the developed QCR can stably climb, overcome obstacles, and perform manipulation on surfaces with different inclination angles and obstacles.
Discriminating strata in scatterplots

Abstract When multiple groups are shown in a scatterplot each stratum is represented by a different symbol; for example, three strata might be coded using red, green, and yellow circles. Various symbol types were compared by behavioral experiment: Subjects were fastest when strata were coded using different colors and slowest when strata were coded with confusable letters—but there were no differences in accuracy. Accuracy differed only when processing time was restricted, again with different colors and confusable letters representing the two extremes. We conclude that color is the optimal symbol type and show that measuring response latency in addition to accuracy is essential in research on graphical perception.
Changes in Alprazolam Metabolism by CYP3A43 Mutants

Alprazolam is a triazolobenzodiazepine which is most commonly used in the short-term management of anxiety disorders, often in combination with antipsychotics. The four human members of the CYP3A subfamily are mainly responsible for its metabolism, which yields the main metabolites 4-hydroxyalprazolam and α-hydroxyalprazolam. We performed a comparison of alprazolam metabolism by all four CYP3A enzymes upon recombinant expression in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 show the highest 4-hydroxyalprazolam production rates, while CYP3A5 alone is the major producer of α-hydroxyalprazolam. For both metabolites, CYP3A7 and CYP3A43 show lower activities. Computational simulations rationalize the difference in preferred oxidation sites observed between the exemplary enzymes CYP3A5 and CYP3A43. Investigations of the alprazolam metabolites formed by three previously described CYP3A43 mutants (L293P, T409R, and P340A) unexpectedly revealed that they produce 4-hydroxy-, but not α-hydroxyalprazolam. Instead, they all also make a different metabolite, which is 5-N-O alprazolam. With respect to 4-hydroxyalprazolam, the mutants showed fourfold (T409R) to sixfold (L293P and P340A) higher production rates compared to the wild-type (CYP3A43.1). In the case of 5-N-O alprazolam, the production rates were similar for the three mutants, while no formation of this metabolite was found in the wild-type incubation.
Effects of a Telerehabilitation Program in Women with Fibromyalgia at 6-Month Follow-Up: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

(1) Background: Telerehabilitation allows health professionals to monitor patients without face-to-face contact. The objective was to analyze the effects of a telerehabilitation program based on aerobic exercise in women with fibromyalgia at 6-month follow-up. (2) Methods: Participants were randomized into the telerehabilitation group (n = 17) or the control group (n = 17). The telerehabilitation group performed 30 sessions of exercise for 15 weeks. The exercises were guided by video and adjusted by videocalls. Pain intensity, fibromyalgia impact, physical function, isometric strength and quality of life were measured at baseline and at 6 months after the end of the intervention. (3) Results: There were no between-group differences in pain intensity, fibromyalgia impact, physical function, isometric strength or quality of life at 6-month follow-up (p > 0.05). (4) Conclusion: A telerehabilitation exercise program based on aerobic exercises may not be an effective treatment for women with fibromyalgia at 6 months of follow-up due to the lack of between-group differences in any variable.
On Rationalizability in Extensive Games

Abstract This paper analyzes Pearce's notion of extensive form rationalizability (EFR). Although EFR was originally defined as a reduction procedure, this paper shows that it can be characterized in terms of restrictions on players' updating systems. These restrictions correspond to a common hierarchy of nested hypotheses. Next the relationship of EFR to more familiar reduction procedures is examined. In generic games of perfect information, EFR is realization-equivalent to iterated weak dominance and backward induction. Equivalence with iterated weak dominance is complete in the subset of games with “iterated perfect information. ”Journal of Economic LiteratureClassification Number: C72.
Levinson's theorem for graphs

We prove Levinson's theorem for scattering on an (m+n)-vertex graph with n semi-infinite paths each attached to a different vertex, generalizing a previous result for the case n = 1. This theorem counts the number of bound states in terms of the winding of the determinant of the S-matrix. We also provide a proof that the bound states and incoming scattering states of the Hamiltonian together form a complete basis for the Hilbert space, generalizing another result for the case n = 1.
Arginine Homopeptide of 11 Residues as a Model of Cell-Penetrating Peptides in the Interaction with Bacterial Membranes

Cell-penetrating peptides rich in arginine are good candidates to be considered as antibacterial compounds, since peptides have a lower chance of generating resistance than commonly used antibiotics. Model homopeptides are a useful tool in the study of activity and its correlation with a secondary structure, constituting an initial step in the construction of functional heteropeptides. In this report, the 11-residue arginine homopeptide (R11) was used to determine its antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and the effect on the secondary structure, caused by the substitution of the arginine residue by the amino acids Ala, Pro, Leu and Trp, using the scanning technique. As a result, most of the substitutions improved the antibacterial activity, and nine peptides were significantly more active than R11 against the two tested bacteria. The cell-penetrating characteristic of the peptides was verified by SYTOX green assay, with no disruption to the bacterial membranes. Regarding the secondary structure in four different media—PBS, TFE, E. coli membrane extracts and DMPG vesicles—the polyproline II structure, the one of the parent R11, was not altered by unique substitutions, although the secondary structure of the peptides was best defined in E. coli membrane extract. This work aimed to shed light on the behavior of the interaction model of penetrating peptides and bacterial membranes to enhance the development of functional heteropeptides.
Assessing Digital Transformation of Cost Accounting Tools in Healthcare

The expansion of digital technologies has significantly changed most economic activities and professions. Digital technologies penetrated managerial accounting and have a vast potential to transform this profession. Implementing emerging digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, the Internet of Things, big data, and cloud computing, can trigger a crucial leap forward, leading to a paradigm-shifting in healthcare organizations’ accounting management. The paper’s main objective is to investigate the perception of Romanian accountants on implementing digital technologies in healthcare organizations’ accounting management. The paper implies a study based on a questionnaire among Romanian accountants who use various digital technologies implemented in traditional and innovative cost accounting tools. Based on structural equation modeling, the results emphasize the prevalence of innovative tools over traditional cost accounting tools improved through digital transformation, digital technologies assuming the most complex and time-consuming tasks. Moreover, the influence of cost accounting tools improved through digital transformation on healthcare organizations’ performance is much more robust in the case of innovative tools than in the case of traditional cost accounting tools. The proposed model provides managers in healthcare organizations with information on the most effective methods in the context of digital transformation.
Global well-posedness and polynomial bounds for the defocusing $L^{2}$-critical nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation in $\R$

We prove global well-posedness for low regularity data for the one dimensional quintic defocusing nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. Precisely we show that a unique and global solution exists for initial data in the Sobolev space $H^{s}(\mathbb R)$ for any $s>{1/3}$. This improves the result in \cite{tz}, where global well-posedness was established for any $s>{4/9}$. We use the $I$-method to take advantage of the conservation laws of the equation. The new ingredient in our proof is an interaction Morawetz estimate for the smoothed out solution $Iu$. As a byproduct of our proof we also obtain that the $H^{s}$ norm of the solution obeys polynomial-in-time bounds.