Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Heart-Rate Variability Parameters in Activity Recognition and Energy-Expenditure Estimation Using Wearable Sensors

Human-activity recognition (HAR) and energy-expenditure (EE) estimation are major functions in the mobile healthcare system. Both functions have been investigated for a long time; however, several challenges remain unsolved, such as the confusion between activities and the recognition of energy-consuming activities involving little or no movement. To solve these problems, we propose a novel approach using an accelerometer and electrocardiogram (ECG). First, we collected a database of six activities (sitting, standing, walking, ascending, resting and running) of 13 voluntary participants. We compared the HAR performances of three models with respect to the input data type (with none, all, or some of the heart-rate variability (HRV) parameters). The best recognition performance was 96.35%, which was obtained with some selected HRV parameters. EE was also estimated for different choices of the input data type (with or without HRV parameters) and the model type (single and activity-specific). The best estimation performance was found in the case of the activity-specific model with HRV parameters. Our findings indicate that the use of human physiological data, obtained by wearable sensors, has a significant impact on both HAR and EE estimation, which are crucial functions in the mobile healthcare system.
Influence of contamination on deteriorated insulators detection with infrared imaging method

The existence of deteriorated insulators in the insulator string is dangerous to the safety of the transmission lines. This paper studied the influence of contamination to the infrared imaging method detecting polluted deteriorated insulators without considering environmental factors by the test, and focused on analyzing the influence of the contamination severity and its status, location, type, layout and surface color of polluted deteriorated insulator, detection distance to the detection of infrared imaging method. The test results show that dry contamination on insulator surface is beneficial to the infrared imaging detection; the moist contamination, surface color of insulator and insulator string layout can affect the accuracy of detection; insulator types and contamination degree have little effect on the detection of infrared imaging method. Infrared imaging method to detect polluted deteriorated insulators in the high-voltage end is easier than those in the low-voltage end, while detecting polluted deteriorated insulator in the middle of string is the hardest.
Research on Context-aware Scheduling Algorithm Based on Correlation in Smart Home Environment

Smart home system is an important realization of pervasive computing. Context-aware is the key technology to realize forecasting user's behavior and making the right response. Due to the context of pervasive computing with time-sensitive, the scheduling management module in the smart home system must support real-time scheduling of context-aware. In reasoning module, application queries may cause repetitive collections when context information lose efficacy. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a context priority scheduling algorithm based on correlation. The correlation between low-level contexts of reasoning task will be considered as the base of priority distribution. Its purpose is to speculate emergencies that about to happen next and provide the better reflect and the high efficiency in the smart home system.
Multiscale dynamical analysis of a high‐resolution numerical model simulation of the Solomon Sea circulation

A high 1/36° resolution numerical model is used to study the ocean circulation in the Solomon Sea. An evaluation of the model with (the few) available observation shows that the 1/36° resolution model realistically simulates the Solomon Sea circulations. The model notably reproduces the high levels of mesoscale eddy activity observed in the Solomon Sea. With regard to previous simulations at 1/12° resolution, the average eddy kinetic energy levels are increased by up to ∼30–40% in the present 1/36° simulation, and the enhancement extends at depth. At the surface, the eddy kinetic energy level is maximum in March-April-May and is minimum in December-January-February. The high subsurface variability is related to the variability of the western boundary current (New Guinea Coastal Undercurrent). Moreover, the emergence of submesoscales is clearly apparent in the present simulations. A spectral analysis is conducted in order to evidence and characterize the modeled submesoscale dynamics and to provide a spectral view of scales interactions. The corresponding spectral slopes show a strong consistency with the Surface Quasi-Geostrophic turbulence theory.
Survival of bifid bacteria in water as compared with that of coliform bacteria and enterococci.

It has been suggested recently (Mossel, 1958) that the bifid bacteria (usually referred to as Lactobacillus bifidus in the literature) may be suitable indicators of fecal contamination of foods and/or waters. The feces of man and certain animals are rich sources of these organisms (Haenel, 1956; Haenel and Miller-Beuthow, 1956) which, so far as is known, do not grow in other natural environments. The specificity of the bifid bacteria as indicators of fecal pollution, and, accordingly, the significance of their occurrence and numbers in foods and waters may depend largely upon their extraenteral survival, particularly as compared with the survival of other bacteria of intestinal origin, for example, coliforms and enterococci. In the study reported here such a comparison was made with regard to the survival in water under different conditions, and the data may thus provide information relevant to the evaluation of the suitability of the bifid bacteria as indicators of fecal pollution in water.
Coronal influence on dynamos

Abstract We report on turbulent dynamo simulations in a spherical wedge with an outer coronal layer. We apply a two-layer model where the lower layer represents the convection zone and the upper layer the solar corona. This setup is used to study the coronal influence on the dynamo action beneath the surface. Increasing the radial coronal extent gradually to three times the solar radius and changing the magnetic Reynolds number, we find that dynamo action benefits from the additional coronal extent in terms of higher magnetic energy in the saturated stage. The flux of magnetic helicity can play an important role in this context.
Enabling a real-time solution for neuron detection with reconfigurable hardware

FPGAs provide a speed advantage in processing for embedded systems, especially when processing is moved close to the sensors. Perhaps the ultimate embedded system is a neural prosthetic, where probes are inserted into the brain and recorded electrical activity is analyzed to determine which neurons have fired. In turn, this information can be used to manipulate an external device such as a robot arm or a computer mouse. To make the detection of these signals possible, some baseline data must be processed to correlate impulses to particular neurons. One method for processing this data uses a statistical clustering algorithm called expectation maximization, or EM. In this paper, we examine the EM clustering algorithm, determine the most computationally intensive portion, map it onto a reconfigurable device, and show several areas of performance gain.
Phosphoproteome Analysis of E. coli Reveals Evolutionary Conservation of Bacterial Ser/Thr/Tyr Phosphorylation*S

Protein phosphorylation on serine, threonine, and tyrosine (Ser/Thr/Tyr) is generally considered the major regulatory posttranslational modification in eukaryotic cells. Increasing evidence at the genome and proteome level shows that this modification is also present and functional in prokaryotes. We have recently reported the first in-depth phosphorylation site-resolved dataset from the model Gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, showing that Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphorylation is also present on many essential bacterial proteins. To test whether this modification is common in Eubacteria, here we use a recently developed proteomics approach based on phosphopeptide enrichment and high accuracy MS to analyze the phosphoproteome of the model Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. We report 81 phosphorylation sites on 79 E. coli proteins, with distribution of Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphorylation sites 68%/23%/9%. Despite their phylogenetic distance, phosphoproteomes of E. coli and B. subtilis show striking similarity in size, classes of phosphorylated proteins, and distribution of Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphorylation sites. By combining the two datasets, we created the largest phosphorylation site-resolved database of bacterial phosphoproteins to date (available at www.phosida.com) and used it to study evolutionary conservation of bacterial phosphoproteins and phosphorylation sites across the phylogenetic tree. We demonstrate that bacterial phosphoproteins and phosphorylated residues are significantly more conserved than their nonphosphorylated counterparts, with a number of potential phosphorylation sites conserved from Archaea to humans. Our results establish Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphorylation as a common posttranslational modification in Eubacteria, present since the onset of cellular life.
Income Gains and Very Low-Weight Birth among Low-Income Black Mothers in California

We test the hypothesis suggested in the literature that an acute income gain in the form of the earned income tax credit reduces the odds of a very low-weight birth among low-income non-Hispanic black mothers. We apply ecological time series and supplemental individual-level logistic regression methods to monthly birth data from California between 1989 and 1997. Contrary to our hypothesis, the odds of very low-weight birth increases above its expected value two months after mothers typically receive the credit. We discuss our findings in relation to the epidemiologic literature concerned with ambient events during pregnancy and recommend further investigation.
Coring planetary ices : their thermomechanical behaviour

Spacecraft missions are underway that will mechanically probe the material found at the surface of cometary nuclei. Little is known about the physical properties of these bodies and how their surface material will respond to a probe's sampling mechanisms. Tools such as rotating drills or hammering bits can cause the otherwise pristine material to be damaged and heated. This work addresses the phenomenon of tool-induced heating and examines the properties of ices in three planetary environments in which such coring processes may occur. A unique drilling system has been built to provide data on the thermal response of ices under space-like conditions. Cold (-150 K) samples of water ice and carbon dioxide ice have been formed from the vapour phase and cored with an instrumented cutting head under low pressures. The effort used to core these ices has been measured as a function of temperature, coring speed, and depth rate. Three broad conclusions can be drawn from these experiments. 1) Carbon dioxide ice grown from its vapour at 150 K requires approximately one third of the mechanical effort needed to core or drill the same volume of water ice at a given rate at the same temperature. 2) The power needed to drive a coring tool through water ice at a fixed rotation speed and a given vertical rate trebles as the ice's temperature falls from 240 to 140 K. Specific cutting energies greater than 55 J m-3 have been recorded for ice at 140 K, and dense carbon dioxide at the same temperature has been shown to have one half of that strength displayed by water ice. 3) Mechanical effort is mostly converted into heat in a coring process. Temperature rises of at least 10 K have been measured in dense samples of cryogenic (-140 K) carbon dioxide ice around a coring tool that operated with power levels of no more than 2 W. For the same applied power, water ices are expected to display one third of this temperature rise seen when coring void-free carbon dioxide ice at the same temperature. The magnitude of this heating effect is assessed for a comet sampling tool on the Rosetta comet lander. It is expected that temperature rises of a few degrees will occur in water-ice rich material retrieved by the tool if the comet, at depths of several tens of centimetres, shows little porosity. It is also suggested that higher temperatures will be developed by extracting material from greater depths, where carbon dioxide may be present as a void-free ice.
Implementation of Compressive Sensing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network Energy Conservation

Huge data processing contributes many factors in wireless sensor network such as network traffic and energy constraint. Using compressive sensing a new technique in data acquisition which reduced the required sampling rate to reconstruct the original signal will therefore lessen the power consumption. This paper will implement the compressive sensing algorithm of the wireless sensor network installed in the greenhouse. The primary objective of the design is to reduce the power consumption on wireless system network by maximizing the data packet payloads while minimizing the transmission activity of the Wireless Sensor Network. The sensor and receiver node consumes more power when transmission of data is taking place. The main contributions of this paper are to apply the compressive sensing algorithm in the greenhouse monitoring system to lessen the power consumption of the WSN, to serve as a reference for the new design of analog to digital converter using sampling rate lower than the traditional Nyquist rate and to give ideas to other researchers that compressive sensing can be applied to other WSN applications. This study will do the compression of the measured data in the sensor node and transmit it over a specified time. Matlab will be used to simulate and recover the original signal for verification of the results.
Injury severity in relation to seatbelt use in Cape Town, South Africa: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND Injuries and deaths from road traffic collisions present an enormous challenge to the South African (SA) healthcare system. The use of restraining devices is an important preventive measure. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between seatbelt use and injury severity in vehicle occupants involved in road traffic collisions in Cape Town, SA. METHODS A prospective cohort design was used. Occupants of vehicles involved in road traffic collisions attended to by EMS METRO Rescue were included during the 3-month data collection period. Triage categories of prehospital patients were compared between restrained and unrestrained groups. Patients transferred to hospital were followed up and injury severity scores were calculated. Disposition from the emergency centre and follow-up after 1 week were also documented and compared. RESULTS A total of 107 patients were included in the prehospital phase. The prevalence of seatbelt use was 25.2%. Unrestrained vehicle occupants were five times more likely to have a high triage score (odds ratio (OR) 5.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5 - 19.5). Fifty patients were transferred to study hospitals. Although seatbelt non-users were more likely to be admitted to hospital (p=0.002), they did not sustain more serious injuries (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.02 - 8.8). CONCLUSION The prevalence of seatbelt use in vehicle occupants involved in road traffic collisions was very low. The association between seatbelt non-use and injury severity calls for stricter enforcement of current seatbelt laws, together with the development and implementation of road safety interventions specifically focused on high-risk groups.
Symposium 2: Exercise and protein nutrition Efficacy and consequences of very-high-protein diets for athletes and exercisers

Athletes and exercisers have utilised high-protein diets for centuries. The objective of this review is to examine the evidence for the efficacy and potential dangers of high-protein diets. One important factor to consider is the definition of a ‘high-protein diet’. There are several ways to consider protein content of a diet. The composition of the diet can be determined as the absolute amount of the protein (or other nutrient of interest), the % of total energy (calories) as protein and the amount of protein ingested per kg of body weight. Many athletes consume very high amounts of protein. High-protein diets most often are associated with muscle hypertrophy and strength, but now also are advocated for weight loss and recovery from intense exercise or injuries. Prolonged intake of a large amount of protein has been associated with potential dangers, such as bone mineral loss and kidney damage. In otherwise healthy individuals, there is little evidence that high protein intake is dangerous. However, kidney damage may be an issue for individuals with already existing kidney dysfunction. Increased protein intake necessarily means that overall energy intake must increase or consumption of either carbohydrate or fat must decrease. In conclusion, high protein intake may be appropriate for some athletes, but there are potential negative consequences that must be carefully considered before adopting such a diet. In particular, care must be taken to ensure that there is sufficient intake of other nutrients to support the training load. Very-high-protein diets: Efficacy: Potential dangers: Athletes and exercisers
Does HPV 16/18 infection affect p53 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma? An experimental study

Objective : To determine the relations between human papilloma viruses type 16 and type 18 infection and the expression of p53 protein in invasive ductal carcinoma. Methods : We detected the expression of HPV 16/18 DNA and p53 protein in invasive ductal carcinoma in 45 cases, breast fibroadenoma in 20 cases and normal breast tissues in 20 cases. HPV detection was performed on paraffin sections using biotin-labeled probes by in situ hybridization and p53 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results : The expression rate of HPV 16/18 DNA and p53 protein in invasive ductal carcinoma is significantly higher than those in breast fibroadenoma and normal breast tissues (p<0.05); the expression in cases with axillary lymph node metastasis is dramatically higher than those without (p<0.05); the expression of p53 protein increases with TMN staging advance. The expression of HPV16/18 DNA was significantly correlated with the expression of p53 protein (p<0.05). Conclusion : Both HPV16/18 infection and p53 mutation participate the occurrence and progress of invasive ductal carcinoma, and HPV 16/18 infection may be the major factor to cause p53 mutation.
Endometrial resection for the treatment of menorrhagia.

BACKGROUND Endometrial resection is an alternative to hysterectomy in the treatment of women with menorrhagia, but it may not control the condition. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of such resection. METHODS We followed 525 consecutive women (mean age at initial surgery, 42 years) for up to five years after endometrial resection. The women were examined 6 to 12 weeks after the operation and were then sent yearly questionnaires seeking information about their condition. The mean duration of follow-up was 31 months. Thirty-seven women (86 percent of the 43 women available for five years of follow-up) were followed for the entire period. RESULTS Endometrial resection was completed successfully in 95 percent of the women, with operative complications in 6 percent. Forty-eight women underwent subsequent resection. The yearly questionnaires indicated that 85 to 100 percent of the women (depending on the year of follow-up) had adequately controlled menorrhagia, 26 to 40 percent had amenorrhea, 71 to 80 percent reported either a lessening of menstrual pain or no pain, and 79 to 87 percent were satisfied with the results of their surgery. No further surgery was needed by 80 percent of the women, and only 9 percent underwent hysterectomy during the five years of follow-up, with 98 percent of those operations being performed in the first three postoperative years. CONCLUSIONS Endometrial resection is an effective alternative to hysterectomy in women with menorrhagia.
Fast oscillations display sharper orientation tuning than slower components of the same recordings in striate cortex of the awake monkey

We wanted to know whether fast oscillations (≈ 30–80 Hz) in striate cortex of awake monkeys show sharper orientation selectivity than (i) slower components, including spike rate modulations, and (ii) broad‐band signals of the same recordings. As fast oscillations are probably of cortical origin this may further clarify whether cortical network mechanisms are substantially involved in generating orientation selectivity. We recorded multi unit activity (MUA) and local field potentials (LFP, 1–140 Hz) by the same microelectrodes from upper layers of macaque striate cortex during visual stimulation with grating textures of different orientations. An orientation index (OI) was derived from the cortical responses in three frequency ranges (low, 0–11.7 Hz; medium, 11.7–31.3 Hz; and fast oscillations, 31.3–62.5 Hz) and for the broad‐band LFP and MUA power. (i) Both LFP and MUA fast oscillations reveal a higher orientation index than signal components in the low and medium frequency ranges. (ii) For MUA the orientation index was significantly higher with fast oscillations than for the lower frequency ranges and the initial broad‐band transient responses. (iii) LFPs show a significantly higher orientation index only for the fast oscillations during sustained activation compared with their broad‐band power during the transient responses. Thus, our main result is the sharper orientation tuning of fast oscillations in spike activities of local populations compared with slower components of the same broad‐band recordings. As fast oscillations occur synchronized in the awake monkey's striate cortex we assume that they have enhanced probability of activating successive stages of visual processing and hence contribute to the perception of orientation.
Prenatal diagnosis in a cystic fibrosis family: a combined molecular strategy for a precise diagnosis.

INTRODUCTION The high genetic heterogeneity in populations with a wide spectrum of mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR), makes the detection of mutations a very hard and difficult task, thereby limiting the accurate diagnosis of the disease, mainly in patients with uncharacterized mutations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Molecular strategies, like targeted identification of the most frequent CFTR mutations in Mexican population combined with linkage analysis using markers, is very useful for carrier detection and for prenatal diagnosis in affected families with CF. In this paper we show that the combination of methodologies was a crucial alternative to reach a precise prenatal CF diagnosis. We documented CF diagnosis in a 14th-week fetus combining the screening of the most common mutations in Mexican population with linkage analysis of two extragenic polymorphisms (XV2C/TaqI and KM19/PstI). RESULTS We determined that the fetus inherited the PG542X mutation from its mother and an unknown mutation from its father through the chromosomal phases analysis.