Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early acute kidney injury after liver transplantation: Predisposing factors and clinical implications

AIM To investigate the additional clinical impact of hepatic ischaemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) on patients sustaining acute kidney injury (AKI) following liver transplantation. METHODS This was a single-centre retrospective study of consecutive adult patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) between January 2013 and June 2014. Early AKI was identified by measuring serum creatinine at 24 h post OLT (> 1.5 × baseline) or by the use of continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVHF) during the early post-operative period. Patients with and without AKI were compared to identify risk factors associated with this complication. Peak serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) within 24 h post-OLT was used as a surrogate marker for HIRI and severity was classified as minor (< 1000 IU/L), moderate (1000-5000 IU/L) or severe (> 5000 IU/L). The impact on time to extubation, intensive care length of stay, incidence of chronic renal failure and 90-d mortality were examined firstly for each of the two complications (AKI and HIRI) alone and then as a combined outcome. RESULTS Out of the 116 patients included in the study, 50% developed AKI, 24% required CVVHF and 70% sustained moderate or severe HIRI. Median peak AST levels were 1248 IU/L and 2059 IU/L in the No AKI and AKI groups respectively (P = 0.0003). Furthermore, peak serum AST was the only consistent predictor of AKI on multivariate analysis P = 0.02. AKI and HIRI were individually associated with a longer time to extubation, increased length of intensive care unit stay and reduced survival. However, the patients who sustained both AKI and moderate or severe HIRI had a longer median time to extubation (P < 0.001) and intensive care length of stay (P = 0.001) than those with either complication alone. Ninety-day survival in the group sustaining both AKI and moderate or severe HIRI was 89%, compared to 100% in the groups with either or neither complication (P = 0.049). CONCLUSION HIRI has an important role in the development of AKI post-OLT and has a negative impact on patient outcomes, especially when occurring alongside AKI.
In vivo formation and bioavailability of isothiocyanates from glucosinolates in broccoli as affected by processing conditions.

SCOPE To study the effect of residual myrosinase (MYR) activity in differently processed broccoli on sulforaphane (SR) and iberin (IB) formation, bioavailability, and excretion in human volunteers. METHODS AND RESULTS Five different broccoli products were obtained with similar glucoraphanin (GR) and glucoiberin (GI) content, yet different MYR activity. Excretion of SR and IB conjugates in urine were determined in 15 participants after ingestion of the broccoli products. A reduction of 80% of MYR in the product did not cause differences in the total amount of SR and IB found in urine compared to the product with 100% MYR. Complete inactivation of MYR gave the lowest total amount of SR and IB in urine (10 and 19%). A residual MYR of only 2% in the product gave an intermediate amount (17 and 29%). The excretion half-lives of SR and IB conjugates were comparable for all the products (2.5 h on average), although the maximum excretion peak times were clearly shorter when the residual MYR was higher (2.3-6.1 h). CONCLUSION For the first time, the effect of residual MYR activity on isothiocyanate bioavailability was systematically and quantitatively studied. Processing conditions have a large effect on the kinetics and bioavailability of isothiocyanates from broccoli.
Learning Semantics for Automated Reasoning

Learning reasoning techniques from previous knowledge is a largely underdeveloped area of automated reasoning. As large bodies of form al knowledge are becoming available, state-of-the-art machine learning me thods, particularly the ones that are able to leverage semantics from the mathematic al libraries, provide a new avenue for problem-specific detection of relevant know ledge contained in the mathematical data. We present automated reasoning as a n ovel application area for machine learning and briefly describe promising res ults we have recently obtained. 1 Automated Reasoning and Machine Learning In the last fifteen years, the body of formally expressed math ematics has grown substantially. Interactive Theorem Provers (ITPs) like Coq, Isabelle, Mizar, an d HOL [15] have been used for advanced formal theory developments and verification of non-trivial theorems, like the Four Color Theorem and Jordan Curve Theorem, and also for advanced verification of software and hardware models. The large Mizar mathematical library (MML) 1 contains today nearly 1100 formal mathematical articles, covering a substantial part of standard undergradu ate mathematical knowledge. The library has about 50000 theorems, proved with about 2.5 million line s of mathematical proofs. Such proofs often contain nontrivial mathematical ideas, s ometimes precised over decades and centuries of development of mathematics and abstract forma l thinking. Having this kind of a “knowledge base of abstract human thinking” in a completely machine-processable and machineunderstandable way, presents very interesting opportunit ies for application and development of novel artificial intelligence methods that make use of the semantic knowledge in various ways. An example is the MaLARea meta-system [14] combining deductive pro of finding (automated theorem proving) with learning from new proofs in a closed feedback loop, boosting over time the performance of both the deductive and inductive components. A concrete a nd pressing task is the selection of relevant premises from the large formal knowledge bases, wh en one is presented with a new conjecture that needs to be proved. Providing good solution to t his problem is important both for the mathematicians, and also for the existing tools for automat ed theorem proving (ATP) that typically cannot be successfully used directly with tens or hundreds o f thousands of axioms. Experiments like the MPTP Challenge 2 and the LTB (Large Theory Batch) division of the CASC competi tion3 that smart premise selection can significantly boost the perform ance of existing ATP techniques in large domains [14]. We aim to solve the followingpremise selection problem in large real-world mathematics: given a large knowledge base P of thousands of premises and proofs, and a new conjecture x, find the http://www.mizar. org http://www.tptp. org/MPTPChallenge http://www.tptp. org/CASC
Renal Vasodilatation Caused by Captopril in Conscious Normotensive and Goldblatt Hypertensive Dogs

Abstract Blood pressure and renal blood flow were monitored in conscious normotensive and two-kidney one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive dogs. Captopril administered IV in a single dose of 0.1 mg/kg to normotensives increased renal blood flow by 26.8 ± 7.6% and decreased renal vascular resistance, but did not significantly change blood pressure. Cumulative doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg increased renal blood flow by 29.9± 6.5%, and decreased renal vascular resistance and blood pressure significantly. Qualitatively similar changes in blood flow and vascular resistance of the contralateral kidney were obtained in the hypertensives. Blood pressure was reduced by a mean of 11.8 ± 4.5 mm Hg, renal blood flow increased by 36.2 ± 7.9% by the low dose, blood pressure decreased by 18.4 ± 2.7 mm Hg, and renal blood flow increased by 42.3 ± 11.4% by cumulative doses of the inhibitor. Plasma renin activity was increased by captopril in the normotensives and a greater increase in plasma renin activity was obtained in the hypertensives. The hypotensive and renal vasodilator effects of captopril appear to be related to blockade of the influence of the renin-angiotensin system, but another action, potentiation of kinin-induced vasodilatation, may also be involved.
Complications due to the use of BMP/INFUSE in spine surgery: The evidence continues to mount

Increasingly, adverse events (AE) attributed to utilizing BMP/INFUSE (Bone Morphogenetic Protein, Medtronic, Memphis, TN, USA) “off-label” in spine surgery are being reported. In 2008, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning that in anterior cervical spine surgery, the “off-label” use of BMP/INFUSE contributed to marked dysphagia, hematoma, seroma, swelling, and/or the need for intubation/tracheostomy. Subsequent studies have cited the following AE; heterotopic ossification (HO), osteolysis, infection, arachnoiditis, increased neurological deficits, retrograde ejaculation, and cancer. Furthermore, in 2011, Carragee et al. noted that 13 of the original industry-sponsored BMP/INFUSE spinal surgery studies failed to acknowledge multiple AE. Additionally, in 2012, Comer et al. observed that the frequency of retrograde ejaculation reported for BMP/INFUSE used “on-label” to perform Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion/Lumbar Tapered Fusion-Cage Device (ALIF/LT-Cage) was also largely “under-reported. ” To summarize, there is mounting evidence in the spinal literature that utilizing BMP/INFUSE in spinal fusions contributes to major perioperative and postoperative morbidity.
Exploiting Spatio-temporal Tradeoffs for Energy-Aware MapReduce in the Cloud

MapReduce is a distributed computing paradigm widely used for building large-scale data processing applications. When used in cloud environments, MapReduce clusters are dynamically created using virtual machines (VMs) and managed by the cloud provider. In this paper, we study the energy efficiency problem for such MapReduce clusters in private cloud environments, that are characterized by repeated, batch execution of jobs. We describe a unique spatio-temporal tradeoff that includes efficient spatial fitting of VMs on servers to achieve high utilization of machine resources, as well as balanced temporal fitting of servers with VMs having similar runtimes to ensure a server runs at a high utilization throughout its uptime. We propose VM placement algorithms that explicitly incorporate these tradeoffs. Our algorithms achieve energy savings over existing placement techniques, and an additional optimization technique further achieves savings while simultaneously improving job performance.
Performance of AODV Routing Protocol using Group and Entity Mobility Models in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network is Multihop Self-configuring Wireless Network consisting of sen- sor nodes. The patterns of movement of nodes can be classified into different mobility models and each is characterized by their own distinctive features. The significance of this study is that there has been very limited investigations of the effect of mobility mod- els on routing protocol performance such as Packet Delivery Ratio, Throughput and Latency in Wire- less Sensor Network. In this paper, we have con- sidered the influence of pursue group and random based entity mobility models on the performance of Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing Pro- tocol (AODV) routing protocol. The simulation re- sults show that Pursue Group Mobility model is bet- ter than Random Based Entity model.
Dynamic camera calibration method for free-viewpoint experience in sport videos

In this paper, we propose a dynamic camera calibration and object extraction method for sport videos captured with a moving pan-tilt-zoom camera. Such technology realizes an immersive free-viewpoint experience whereby audiences can see real sport scenes from any viewpoint. Camera calibration and object extraction are two of the most important processes for rendering free-viewpoint video, since a 3-dimensional model of each object needs to be reconstructed in every frame based on objects' textures and camera parameters. Most conventional rendering methods only use static cameras whose camera parameters and background models change little. However, since the cameras have to be set apart widely enough to capture the entire scene, the resolution of each object becomes low and is not sufficient for rendering high-quality free-viewpoint video. In order to obtain the texture of an object in high resolution from a moving pan-tilt-zoom camera, our proposed method estimates camera parameters by identifying reliable corresponding feature points between video frames, and also extracts the precise textures of objects using estimated camera parameters. Experimental results revealed that the proposed method successfully estimated precise camera parameters compared to the conventional method. Furthermore, by applying our proposed approach, the free-viewpoint video was rendered without visual defects.
[The significance of interleukins and of Candida-IgE in chronic recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis].

We examined 104 patients with chronic recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis; 41 healthy women were selected for the control group. Vaginal samples were taken, and yeasts were grown and tested for Candida strains: 29.8% of samples contained Candida spp. ; two of the control women were infected. We also identified interleukin IL-4, 5 and 13, but there was only significant increase in IL-4. In addition, prostaglandin E2, whole IgE and Candida-specific-IgE was identified. Also here prostaglandin E2 and the Candida IgE were significantly higher in comparison with the control group, while whole IgE showed no significant increase. This resulted in an allergic component in the chronic recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis, which suggested that therapy should be reconsidered.
Mechanisms for the control of local tissue blood flow during thermal interventions: influence of temperature‐dependent ATP release from human blood and endothelial cells

What is the central question of this study? Skin and muscle blood flow increases with heating and decreases with cooling, but the temperature‐sensitive mechanisms underlying these responses are not fully elucidated. What is the main finding and its importance? We found that local tissue hyperaemia was related to elevations in ATP release from erythrocytes. Increasing intravascular ATP augmented skin and tissue perfusion to levels equal or above thermal hyperaemia. ATP release from isolated erythrocytes was altered by heating and cooling. Our findings suggest that erythrocytes are involved in thermal regulation of blood flow via modulation of ATP release.
Branding and liberal autonomy

Are you manipulated by branding campaigns? This book addresses this question by drawing on work in both philosophy and psychology. It does so from the perspective of the liberal state. As such, manipulation is understood as the violation of liberal autonomy. The central claims are that, on this definition, branding does manipulate consumers, that it does so structurally, and that this gives the liberal state the obligation to take measures against it. Some parts of this argument are certainly more robust than others. But as techniques of persuasion are rapidly becoming more sophisticated, this book should at the very least give you good reasons to be concerned about the influence of branding.
Fundamental principles and priority setting for universal usability

There are a number of interrelating factors that must be considered and weighed against each other when deciding which features or capabilities should be added to a product to increase its flexibility and usability by a wider range of users. Not all strategies or approaches are created equal, and designers have limited resources in developing and improving products. It is, therefore, important that the different dimensions of usability be understood and that priorities be applied appropriately. This paper attempts to delineate some of the key dimensions of usability and to begin the process of providing a rationale for prioritization between possible changes to a product's interface. The paper discusses a multidimensional prioritization approach that is coupled to a vector-based usability evaluation procedure currently being developed.
TSCAN: a novel method for topic summarization and content anatomy

A topic is defined as a seminal event or activity along with all directly related events and activities. It is represented as a chronological sequence of documents by different authors published on the Internet. In this paper, we define a task called topic anatomy, which summarizes and associates core parts of a topic graphically so that readers can understand the content easily. The proposed topic anatomy model, called TSCAN, derives the major themes of a topic from the eigenvectors of a temporal block association matrix. Then, the significant events of the themes and their summaries are extracted by examining the constitution of the eigenvectors. Finally, the extracted events are associated through their temporal closeness and context similarity to form the evolution graph of the topic. Experiments based on the official TDT4 corpus demonstrate that the generated evolution graphs comprehensibly describe the storylines of topics. Moreover, in terms of content coverage and consistency, the produced summaries are superior to those of other summarization methods based on human composed reference summaries.
NÚMEROS DECIMAIS NA SALA DE AULA: OS CONHECIMENTOS DE UM GRUPO DE PROFESSORES E A RELAÇÃO COM SUA PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida com professores de uma escola municipal de Campo Grande/MS, que teve como objetivo investigar os conhecimentos de um grupo de educadores do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental sobre números decimais e a relação com sua prática pedagógica. Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas observação das aulas de Matemática e cinco sessões de atividade, com os professores, sobre números decimais. A análise de documentos, como cadernos de alguns alunos e caderno de plano dos professores, e entrevistas semi-estruturadas foram também realizadas. Como referência para a organização dos dados foi utilizado o modelo teórico desenvolvido por Lee Shulman sobre a base de conhecimentos para o ensino, focando três vertentes: o conhecimento do conteúdo específico, o conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo e o conhecimento curricular. Os resultados revelam a existência de lacunas no conhecimento específico sobre números decimais desses professores, as quais interferem em seu conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo e também em seu conhecimento curricular, e tendem a influenciar a forma como organizam o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos números decimais em sala de aula. Mostram a necessidade de reestruturação dos conhecimentos matemáticos básicos, necessários nos cursos de formação inicial e continuada para professores que atuam na Educação Infantil e anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática; Conhecimentos dos professores; Números decimais. Agência financiadora: CAPES
Therapeutic relationship and dropout in youth mental health care with ethnic minority children and adolescents

Background Dropout in youth psychotherapy is high, especially for ethnic minority patients. An important determinant of dropout is the quality of the therapeutic relationship. This study evaluated the association between the therapeutic relationship and dropout in therapy with ethnic minority youth. Method Our study was done in a community youth mental health care institution. Seventy patients were included who were dropouts or completers of psychotherapy. The therapeutic relationship was measured with an instrument (i.e., the Child version of the Session Rating Scale (C-SRS)) that was completed each session by the patient. For each patient, the treatment termination status (dropout or completer) was indicated. A General Estimation Equation (GEE) was conducted to indicate whether the course of total C-SRS scores during therapy differed for dropouts and completers. Results The course of the scores differed significantly between dropouts and completers. Both groups started with similar scores, but on average, the scores of dropouts decreased during therapy, while the scores of completers increased. Conclusions Our results indicate that if there is a drop in the rated quality of the therapeutic relationship (i.e., monitor the difference between the present C-SRS score with the previous scores), the therapist should communicate this with the patient. This could lead to an improvement of the therapeutic relationship and a decrease in dropout.
An Aplysia cell adhesion molecule associated with site-directed actin filament assembly in neuronal growth cones.

During neuronal growth cone-target interactions, a programmed sequence of cytoskeletal remodeling has been described, involving increased actin assembly at the target site and directed microtubule extension into it. The cell adhesion protein apCAM rapidly accumulates at such interaction sites, suggesting a possible role in regulating cytoskeletal remodeling. To test this hypothesis we crosslinked apCAM to varying degrees with antibodies. Secondary immunocomplexes exhibited a classical patching and capping response; in contrast, high density crosslinking of apCAM by antibody coated beads triggered localized actin assembly accompanied by formation of tail-like actin structures referred to as inductopodia. When beads were derivatized with increasing amounts of anti-apCAM they displayed three sequential dose-dependent kinetic states after binding: (1) lateral diffusion in the plane of the membrane; (2) restricted diffusion due to coupling with underlying F-actin; and (3) translocation in the plane of the membrane driven by de novo actin filament assembly local to bead binding sites, i.e. inductopodia formation. In contrast, lectin coated beads were far less efficient in triggering inductopodia formation despite demonstrated membrane protein binding. This work provides evidence that crosslinking of a diffusable membrane protein, apCAM, to threshold levels, can trigger highly localized actin filament assembly and rapid remodeling of neuronal cytoarchitecture.
Effects of presentation of shear deformation to finger pad on tracing movements

Human sensory inputs and motor outputs mutually affect each other. This study focuses on the shear deformation of a finger pad during tracing movements. A tactile interface influences the sensory-motor relationships during the tracing movements by manipulating the deformation of the finger pad. We conducted a preliminary experiment involving five participants and confirmed that the moving distances of the finger increased when the finger pad deformations were amplified by the tactile device. In addition, according to introspection, the participants perceived variations in the friction of a sheet of paper on which their fingers slid. We concluded that the presentation of shear deformation to the finger pad during tracing affects human motor outputs and the perceived friction of materials.
The emotional impact of leaders' behaviours

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to analyse MBA students' actual experiences of both good and bad leadership and the resulting emotional responses; to determine which emotionally intelligent competencies, if any, have greater importance in times of change.Design/methodology/approach – The paper follows a deductive approach: moving from the general to the particular based within the phenomenological paradigm, extending Goleman's inductive research into emotional intelligence competencies. Goleman's framework was adopted because his research was based upon competency models from both private and public organisations, which matches the MBA students' experiences.Findings – The findings suggest that bad leadership equates to a lack of self‐management and relationship management competencies; however good leadership is not the exact opposite. If a person has developed self‐management competencies it does not follow that he/she will be considered a good leader. Leaders should aim to have a clear focus on.