Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the connections between explicit semantic analysis and latent semantic analysis

Semantic analysis tries to solve problems arising from polysemy and synonymy that are abundant in natural languages. Recently, Gabrilovich and Markovitch propose the Explicit Semantic Analysis (ESA) technique, which complements the well-known Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) technique. In this paper, we show that the two techniques are not as distinct as their names suggest; instead, we find that ESA is equivalent to a LSA variant, and this equivalence generalizes to all kernel methods using kernels arising from the canonical dot product. Effectively, this result guarantees that ESA would not outperform the peak efficacy of LSA for any applications using the above kernel methods. In short, this paper for the first time establishes the connections between ESA and LSA, quantifies their relative efficacy, and generalizes the result to a big category of kernel methods.
EFFICIENCY AND HADAMARD DIFFERENTIABILITY

Suppose an estimator sequence Tn. is asymptotically efficient for a. • smooth functional 1'1;. Then a Hadamard differentia.ble functional rf> applied to Tn is efficient for i f> 0 11':. More generally, Hadamard dif-ferentiability ma.y be used to esta.blish asymptotic efficiency. Three non-trivial applications are discussed: random right censoring, random truncation and estima.ting a. point symmetric distribution.
An Approach on Indoor Robot Localization Technique with Diagonalised Positioning of Ultrasonic Sensors

A low cost implementation method has been presented here to determine the position and orientation of the robots in any indoor environments. The system has used two ultrasonic transmitters placed diagonally opposite at a particular angle on the robots & distance estimation technique has applied to locate the robot pose. The system consists of two ultrasonic receivers, one infrared transmitter, a controller placed on the robot at one side and an ultrasonic transmitter and an infrared receiver on other side of the localization system. The ultrasonic transmitters (TX's) are attached to the ceiling at known positions. A suitable data transmission using diagonalization technique has been implemented to avoid the wiring harness. The controller placed on the robot equipped with Bluetooth module has used to send the localization data to an Android mobile. An android application has been developed to plot the localization data on the Mobile Phones.
Quantum Associative Memory Based on Subspace Projection

To study the biological associative phenomena, we propose a novel quantum associative neural network model based on the subspace projection transformation of the quantum system. The patterns are encoded into a set of independent quantum state and iteratively stored into the quantum associative memory. The information retrieval is an action of projection transformation and follows a POVM measurement. Computer simulations show that it exhibits good associative ability. It can associatively recognize the face with different expression from a set of face images. In addition, the model can dramatically improve the storage capacity and process speed compared with the classical neural network model due to the quantum techniques. Compared with previous quantum associative memory models, our model can memorize and retrieval nonorthogonal quantum patterns with good performance.
Sub-0.2 dB Noise Figure Wideband Room-Temperature CMOS LNA With Non-50 $\Omega$  Signal-Source Impedance

This paper presents a wideband low-noise amplifier (LNA) designed to be used as the first stage of the receiver in the Square Kilometer Array radio telescope. The LNA design procedure and its layout features are discussed. The noise figure optimization procedure determines the signal-source resistance that results in reduced noise figure. When used in the radio telescope, the required signal-source resistance will be presented by the telescope custom-made antenna elements. The LNA, designed in 90 nm bulk CMOS, achieves sub-0.2 dB noise figure from 800 MHz to 1400 MHz, return loss of more than 11 dB, gain of more than 17 dB driven into a 50 load, output 1 dB compression point of 2 dBm, output IP3 of 12 dBm, and output IP2 of 22 dBm while consuming 43 mA from a 1 V supply. In the LNA implementation presented in this paper the load choke inductor and the source inductor are integrated whereas the gate-, bias-, and the choke-inductor between two transistors of the cascode are external. The noise figure of the presented LNA is to our knowledge the lowest noise figure achieved by a power matched wideband CMOS LNA at room temperature.
Recipes for stellar jets: results of combined optical/infrared diagnostics

We examine the conditions of the plasma along a sample of “classical” Herbig-Haro (HH) jets located in the Orion and Vela star forming regions, through combined optical-infrared spectral diagnostics. Our sample includes HH 111, HH 34, HH 83, HH 73, HH 24 C/E, HH 24 J, observed quasi-simultaneously and in the same manner at moderate spatial/spectral resolution. Once intercalibrated, the obtained spectra cover a wide wavelength range from 0.6−2.5 µm, including many transitions from regions of different excitation conditions. This allows us to probe the density and temperature stratification which characterises the cooling zones behind the shock fronts along the jet. From the line ratios we derive the variation of the visual extinction along the flow, the electron density and temperature (ne and Te), the hydrogen ionisation fraction xe, and the total density nH in the emission region of different lines. The knowledge of such parameters is essential for testing existing jet models and for planning follow-up high-angular resolution observations. From the diagnostics of optical forbidden lines we find, on average, that in the examined jets, in the region of optical emission, ne varies between 50 cm −3 and 3 × 10 3 cm −3 , xe ranges between 0.03 and 0.6, and the electron temperature Te is ∼1.3 × 10 4 Ki n the HH 111 and HH 34 jets, while it appears to be higher (1.8 × 10 4 K on average) in the other examined jets. The electron density and temperature derived from [Fe ii] lines, turn out to be, respectively, higher and lower in comparison to those determined from optical lines, in agreement with the fact that the [Fe ii] lines arise in the more compressed gas located further from the shock front. An even denser component in the jets, with values of ne up to 10 6 cm −3 is detected using the ratio of calcium lines. The derived physical parameters are used to estimate the depletion onto dust grains of calcium and iron with respect to solar abundances. This turns out to be quite substantial, being between 70% and 0% for Ca and ∼90% for Fe. This leads us to suggest that the weak shocks present in the beams are not capable of completely destroying the ambient dust grains, confirming previous theoretical studies. We then derive the mass flux rates, u Mjet, in the flows using two independent methods. Taking into account the filling factor of the emitting gas, u –– –– –– –
Cerebral cortex inspired cognitive architecture for robots

In this paper we present a cerebral cortex inspired architecture for robots. This is an attempt at achieving cognitive behavior in robotics. This novel approach maps cerebral cortex architecture of human beings to processing architecture of robots. We have tried to provide a new direction to the pursuit of bringing autonomous machines into real-life settings, by using Human Brain Cognitive Architecture in robots. This novel approach maps the brain architecture of human beings to the brain architecture of robots. To support our work we have developed Cognitive Insect Robot inspired by Brain Architecture (CIRBA), a platform on which we have successfully incorporated the Cognitive Structure and tested some basic behavioral actions performed by living beings. We have used the concept of perception-action cycle and human hierarchical cortical representation in CIRBA.
NWU-CS-04-38 August 20 , 2004 Procedural Modeling of Land Use in Cities

Cities are the largest human artifacts and appear often in digital entertainment. Building digital models of them is extremely difficult, yet there are few tools that can assist artists in this task. We describe a method for procedurally generating city models using agentbased modeling, an established simulation technique in the social, biological, and physical sciences. Our system accepts a terrain description as input and produces a land usage map that portrays roads and residential, commercial, and industrial land use. The results conform well to modern patterns of land use, but each generated city is unique. Our system is controlled by a set of parameters that users can alter numerically or gesturally in order to constrain and guide the results to fit a particular application’s needs.
Migration of Legacy Software to Service Oriented Architecture

Legacy software is in use at a great number of organizations. Although organizations commonly get a great deal of value from their legacy systems eventually most legacy systems need to be modernized. In order to bring software systems up to date with current technologies, businesses have two choices. They can create new software to take the place of existing systems, or they can migrate current systems into a framework which utilizes current technologies. There are many advantages to migrating existing systems. Migrating existing systems can save considerable time and money compared to writing new systems and can help avoid creation of new bugs. In this paper we will examine methods of migrating legacy software to a current technology, specifically service oriented architectures.
A wavelet-domain watermarking technique based on support vector regression

A Wavelet-Domain watermarking technique based on Support Vector Regression(SVR) is proposed in this paper. First, the image is decomposed through wavelet transform. Then we use the relationship between the selected coefficient and its neighboring coefficients to train SVR. Thanks to the good learning ability of SVR, the watermark is adaptively embedded in wavelet domain and also can be extracted by the well trained SVR. Experimental results show that the proposed method's performance is better than the one based on SVR in spatial domain in the high robustness to common image processing and the JPEG compression.
Electoral Change: Responses to Evolving Social and Attitudinal Structures in Western Countries

Part 1 Description: introduction, Mark Franklin, et al electoral change and social change, Tom Mackie and Mark Franklin. Part 2 Analysis: Australia, Ian McAllister Belgium, Tony Mughan Britain, Mark Franklin Canada, Harold Clarke and Marianne Stewart Denmark, Olle Borre France, Michael Lewis-Beck and Andrew Skalagan Federal Republic of Germany, Franz Papi and Peter Mnich Greece, Panayote Dimitras Ireland, Michael Marsh Italy, Tom Mackie, et al Netherlands, Crees Van Der Eijk and Kees Neimoller New Zealand, Clive Bean Norway, Henry Valen Spain, Thomas Lancaster Sweden, Maria Oskarson United States of America, Arthur Miller and Brad Lockerbie. Part 3 Assessment: the decline of cleavage politics, Mark Franklin cleavages, conflict resolution and democracy, Crees Van Der Eijk, et al.
Capturing Winning Ideas in Online Design Communities

This paper describes how to find or filter high-quality ideas submitted by members collaborating together in online communities. Typical means of organizing community submissions, such as aggregating community or crowd votes, suffer from the cold-start problem, the rich-get-richer problem, and the sparsity problem. To circumvent those, our approach learns a ranking model that combines 1) community feedback, 2) idea uniqueness, and 3) text features? e.g., readability, coherence, semantics, etc. This model can then rank order submissions by expected quality, supporting community members in finding content that can inspire them and improve collaboration among members. As illustrative example, we demonstrate the model on OpenIDEO--a collaborative community where high-quality submissions are rewarded by winning design challenges. We find that the proposed ranking model finds winning ideas more effectively than existing ranking techniques (comment sorting), as measured using both Discounted Cumulative Gain and human perceptions of idea quality. We also identify the elements of winning ideas that were highly predictive of subsequent success: 1) engagement with community feedback, 2) submission length, and 3) a submission's uniqueness. Ultimately, our approach enables community members and managers to more effectively manage creative stimuli created by large collaborative communities.
Creating the right environment for improvement

Purpose – Explains the importance of organizational environment and reveals how to align it with organizational success.Design/methodology/approach – Defines organizational environment, explains how it can fail to match the environment the organization actually needs, provides examples of what happens when the two are not synchronized, and shows how to align them.Findings – Highlights the importance of: linking actions and improvements to what really matters; making quality improvement everyone's responsibility; being responsive and flexible; communicating well, and adapting to changing circumstances.Practical implications – Argues that creating the right organizational environment can be a long process.Social implications – Reveals a way in which most organizations can be made to perform better.Originality/value – Contains interesting examples of what happens when the organizational environment is not aligned with organizational success.
Microcatheter Looping to Facilitate Aneurysm Selection in Coil Embolization of Paraclinoid Aneurysms

Objective Described herein is a microcatheter looping technique to facilitate aneurysm selection in paraclinoid aneurysms, which remains to be technically challenging due to the inherent complexity of regional anatomy. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was approved by our Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was waived. Microcatheter looping method was employed in 59 patients with paraclinoid aneurysms between January 2012 and December 2013. In the described technique, construction of a microcatheter loop, which is steam-shaped or pre-shaped, based on the direction of aneurysms, is mandatory. The looped tip of microcatheter was advanced into distal internal carotid artery and positioned atop the target aneurysm. By steering the loop (via inner microguidewire) into the dome of aneurysm and easing tension on the microcatheter, the aneurysm was selected. Clinical and morphologic outcomes were assessed with emphasis on technical aspects of the treatment. Results Through this looping technique, a total of 59 paraclinoid aneurysms were successfully treated. After aneurysm selection as described, single microcatheter technique (n = 25) was most commonly used to facilitate coiling, followed by balloon protection (n = 21), stent protection (n = 7), multiple microcatheters (n = 3), and stent/balloon combination (n = 3). Satisfactory aneurysmal occlusion was achieved through coil embolization in 44 lesions (74.6%). During follow-up of 53 patients (mean interval, 10.9 ± 5.9 months), only one instance (1.9%) of major recanalization was observed. There were no complications related to microcatheter looping. Conclusion This microcatheter looping method facilitates safe and effective positioning of microcatheter into domes of paraclinoid aneurysms during coil embolization when other traditional microcatheter selection methods otherwise fail.
A Family of Lanthanoid Dimers with Nitroanilato Bridges

The first complexes with lanthanoid ions and the nitroanilato ligand have been synthesized (nitroanilate dianion = [C6O4(NO2)2]2− = dianion of the 3,6-dinitro-2,5-dihydroxo-1,4-dibenzoquinone ligand). This family of dimers can be formulated as [Ln2(C6O4(NO2)2)3(H2O)10]·6H2O with Ln(III) = Sm (1), Gd (2), Tb (3), Dy (4), Ho (5), and Er (6). The X-ray structure of this family of isostructural complexes shows that they all present a dimeric structure where the Ln3+ ions are connected by a bis-bidentate nitroanilato ligand. Each metal completes its nonacoordination environment with a terminal bidentate nitroanilato ligand and five water molecules in a slightly distorted tri-capped trigonal prismatic geometry. The magnetic properties of this family show the expected contributions of the lanthanoid ions without any noticeable magnetic interaction through the nitroanilato ligand. The compounds present luminesce of the nitroanilato ligand superimposed with a weaker emission from the lanthanide ion in compound 5 (Ho).
Ingestion of insoluble dietary fibre increased zinc and iron absorption and restored growth rate and zinc absorption suppressed by dietary phytate in rats

We examined the effects of ingestion of five types of insoluble fibre on growth and Zn absorption in rats fed a marginally Zn-deficient diet (6·75 mg (0·103 mmol) Zn/kg diet) with or without added sodium phytate (12·6 mmol/kg diet). The types of insoluble fibre tested were corn husks, watermelon skin, yam-bean root (Pachyrhizus erosus) and pineapple core, and cellulose was used as a control (100 g/kg diet). Body-weight gain in the cellulose groups was suppressed by 57 % by feeding phytate. Body-weight gain in phytate-fed rats was 80 % greater in the watermelon skin fibre and yam-bean root fibre group than that in the cellulose group. Zn absorption ratio in the cellulose groups was lowered by 46 and 70 % in the first (days 7–10) and second (days 16–19) measurement periods with feeding phytate. In the rats fed the phytate-containing diets, Zn absorption ratio in the watermelon skin, yam-bean root and pineapple core fibre groups was 140, 80 and 54 % higher respectively than that in the cellulose group, in the second period. Fe absorption was not suppressed by phytate, however, feeding of these three types of fibre promoted Fe absorption in rats fed phytate-free diets. The concentration of soluble Zn in the caecal contents in the watermelon skin fibre or yam-bean root fibre groups was identical to that in the control group in spite of a higher short-chain fatty acid concentration and lower pH in the caecum. These findings indicate that ingestion of these types of insoluble fibre recovered the growth and Zn absorption suppressed by feeding a high level of phytate, and factors other than caecal fermentation may also be involved in this effect of insoluble fibre.
Further Empirical Evidence of Wheat and Barley Market Integration in the EU

ABSTRACT Integration in the EU wheat and barley markets is studied using monthly price series for the 1980-1994 period. The methodology expands previous work on cointegration modeling by testing market integration constraints on the cointegration space; these tests are also supplemented with an evaluation of the short-run dynamics by testing for causality and calculating forecast-error variance decompositions. This adds to previous work which has suggested that cointegra-tion is a necessary but not sufficient condition for market integration. Results are consistent with the self-sufficiency nature of cereal markets in the EU. Prices appear to follow each other in the long-run with more than one stochastic trend. France exerts a leadership in cereal prices as a result of being the main exporter.
Netscape Communications Corp.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress. " To learn the current status of any Internet-Draft, please check the "1id-abstracts.txt" listing contained in the Internet-Drafts Shadow Directories on ds.internic. net (US East Coast), nic.nordu. net (Europe), ftp.isi. edu (US West Coast), or munnari.oz. au (Pacific Rim). 2. Abstract The protocol described in this document is designed to provide access to directories supporting the X.500 models, while not incurring the resource requirements of the X.500 Directory Access Protocol (DAP). This protocol is specifically targeted at management applications and browser applications that provide read/write interactive access to directories. When used with a directory supporting the X.500 protocols, it is intended to be a complement to the X.500 DAP. Key aspects of this version of LDAP are:-All protocol elements of LDAPv2 (RFC 1777) are supported. The protocol is carried directly over TCP or other transport, bypassing much of the session/presentation overhead of X.500 DAP. -Most protocol data elements can be encoded as ordinary strings (e.g., Distinguished Names). -Referrals to other servers may be returned.
MPI-PHYLIP: Parallelizing Computationally Intensive Phylogenetic Analysis Routines for the Analysis of Large Protein Families

Background Phylogenetic study of protein sequences provides unique and valuable insights into the molecular and genetic basis of important medical and epidemiological problems as well as insights about the origins and development of physiological features in present day organisms. Consensus phylogenies based on the bootstrap and other resampling methods play a crucial part in analyzing the robustness of the trees produced for these analyses. Methodology Our focus was to increase the number of bootstrap replications that can be performed on large protein datasets using the maximum parsimony, distance matrix, and maximum likelihood methods. We have modified the PHYLIP package using MPI to enable large-scale phylogenetic study of protein sequences, using a statistically robust number of bootstrapped datasets, to be performed in a moderate amount of time. This paper discusses the methodology used to parallelize the PHYLIP programs and reports the performance of the parallel PHYLIP programs that are relevant to the study of protein evolution on several protein datasets. Conclusions Calculations that currently take a few days on a state of the art desktop workstation are reduced to calculations that can be performed over lunchtime on a modern parallel computer. Of the three protein methods tested, the maximum likelihood method scales the best, followed by the distance method, and then the maximum parsimony method. However, the maximum likelihood method requires significant memory resources, which limits its application to more moderately sized protein datasets.
Hidden costs and disparate uncertainties: trade-offs in approaches to climate policy

As policy-makers struggle to define the policy agenda to address the challenge of climate change, three distinct influential approaches to climate policy are emerging in the climate change literature: implementing climate change adaptation; reducing social vulnerability; and managing ecosystem resilience. Each of these approaches has been developed in specific policy contexts associated respectively with natural hazard mitigation, poverty and social welfare investment, and natural resource management. In these contexts each approach has met with varying levels of past success. The fact that climate change is characterized by a high probability of surprise events; significant scientific uncertainty; and a need for long-term planning horizons only makes policy development more difficult. In this chapter we argue that each of the three approaches involves implicit trade-offs in both the process of policy formation and in policy outcomes. These trade-offs are rarely considered in the evaluation of policy options, yet may have important implications for social welfare and sustainability. Through the analysis of case studies of adaptation to climate variability and change, we illustrate how the different ways of approaching the process of adjusting to future change can inadvertently lead to, for example, the privileging of efficiency over equitable distribution of resources (for example, risk-based adaptation approach), equity at the expense of cost (for example, social vulnerability approach), or intergenerational equity over political legitimacy (resilience approach).