Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of MTHFR C677T genotype on survival in type 2 diabetes patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy.

BACKGROUND The MTHFR C677T single nucleotide polymorphism TT genotype is associated with increased levels of plasma homocysteine and possibly an effect on cardiovascular mortality. We evaluated the effect of C677T genotype on mortality in a large end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cohort. METHODS C677T genotype was determined in 439 Caucasians with end-stage diabetic nephropathy (DNP) (cases) recruited from 30 dialysis centres in Southern Germany. A total of 482 type 2 diabetes patients without DNP (no microalbuminuria) at inclusion served as a genotype control collective. Patients were prospectively followed for 4 years. Primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. RESULTS In contrast to controls, the genotype distribution in cases was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE, P = 0.003), due to a less than expected number of patients with the TT genotype. The requirements of HWE were met in cases with < 2 years dialysis therapy prior to study inclusion (n = 219). TT genotype was associated with a decreased body mass index (P = 0.002) and long diabetes duration in dialysis patients (P = 0.03). However, TT genotype was not associated with an increased risk of all-cause or cardiac mortality in the total dialysis collective or the subgroup. Also, we observed no association of MTHFR genotype with cardiovascular morbidity in cases or controls (P > 0.05), or with an increased rate of progression to novel microalbuminuria. CONCLUSION MTHFR 677TT genotype was significantly underrepresented in patients with ESRD in our study, but was not associated with premature mortality in these patients. We found no evidence for survival bias due to C677T genotype in the ESRD cohort, or bias due to genetically determined accelerated progression to novel microalbuminuria in the controls. However, we cannot exclude that the TT genotype protects from progression from microalbuminuria to more advanced stages of DNP, or that TT genotype is associated with premature mortality before a patient progresses to ESRD.
Molecular Dissection of the Basal Clades in the Human Y Chromosome Phylogenetic Tree

One hundred and forty-six previously detected mutations were more precisely positioned in the human Y chromosome phylogeny by the analysis of 51 representative Y chromosome haplogroups and the use of 59 mutations from literature. Twenty-two new mutations were also described and incorporated in the revised phylogeny. This analysis made it possible to identify new haplogroups and to resolve a deep trifurcation within haplogroup B2. Our data provide a highly resolved branching in the African-specific portion of the Y tree and support the hypothesis of an origin in the north-western quadrant of the African continent for the human MSY diversity.
A large scale study of SVM based methods for abstract screening in systematic reviews

A major task in systematic reviews is abstract screening, i.e., excluding, often hundreds or thousand of, irrelevant citations returned from a database search based on titles and abstracts. Thus, a systematic review platform that can automate the abstract screening process is of huge importance. Several methods have been proposed for this task. However, it is very hard to clearly understand the applicability of these methods in a systematic review platform because of the following challenges: (1) the use of non-overlapping metrics for the evaluation of the proposed methods, (2) usage of features that are very hard to collect, (3) using a small set of reviews for the evaluation, and (4) no solid statistical testing or equivalence grouping of the methods. In this paper, we use feature representation that can be extracted per citation. We evaluate SVM-based methods (commonly used) on a large set of reviews ($61$) and metrics ($11$) to provide equivalence grouping of methods based on a solid statistical test. Our analysis also includes a strong variability of the metrics using $500$x$2$ cross validation. While some methods shine for different metrics and for different datasets, there is no single method that dominates the pack. Furthermore, we observe that in some cases relevant (included) citations can be found after screening only 15-20% of them via a certainty based sampling. A few included citations present outlying characteristics and can only be found after a very large number of screening steps. Finally, we present an ensemble algorithm for producing a $5$-star rating of citations based on their relevance. Such algorithm combines the best methods from our evaluation and through its $5$-star rating outputs a more easy-to-consume prediction.
QUANTUM-STATE SENSITIVITY TO INITIAL CONDITIONS

The different time-dependent distances of two arbitrarily close quantum or classical-statistical states to a third fixed state are shown to imply an experimentally relevant notion of state sensitivity to initial conditions. A quantitative classification scheme of quantum states by their sensitivity and instability in state space is given that reduces to the one performed by classical-mechanical Lyapunov exponents in the classical limit
CamIO : declaring flexible and performant application

Discussion of input/output (I/O) performance in the systems research community has centred around the interfaces between user and kernel space, and those between kernelspace and hardware. Work in this area often focuses on managing buffers to achieve zero-copy performance while maintaining isolation [1, 3–5]. However, the question of how to use existing I/O primitives inside applications while maintaining flexibility to alternate between mechanisms has received little attention. The mantra seems to be that “the developer will figure out the right mechanism”. We are not so sure.
Automatic design of a maglev controller in state space

The authors describe automatic synthesis of a global nonlinear controller for stabilizing a magnetic levitation system-a simplified model for the German Transrapid system. The synthesized control system stabilizes the maglev vehicle with much larger initial displacements than those allowed in a previous linear design for the same system. Simulation shows that the nonlinear design considered outperforms the linear design by a factor of 20 on the nominal model of the system. The nonlinear controller is automatically designed with the Control Engineer's Workbench, a computational environment integrating a suite of programs that automatically analyze and design global nonlinear control systems. <<ETX>>
Is Hearing Impairment Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis? A Review

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, inflammatory disease that affects 1% of the population. The auditory system may be involved during the course of disease; however the association of RA and hearing impairment has not been clearly defined. Objective: The objective of this review is to evaluate published clinical reports related to hearing impairment in patients with RA. Furthermore, we discuss possible pathologies and associated factors as well as new treatment modalities. Method: A thorough literature search was performed using available databases including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and ComDisDome to cover all relative reports. The following keywords were used: hearing loss, hearing difficulties, hearing disorders, hearing impairment, sensorineural hearing loss, conductive hearing loss, mixed hearing loss, autoimmune hearing loss, drug ototoxicity, drug-induced hearing loss, hearing test, audiometry, auditory dysfunction and rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion: Based on our review it can be postulated that patients with RA are at higher risk of hearing impairment compared to healthy subjects in their course of the disease. The hearing impairment in RA seems to be a multifactorial condition; however the mechanisms of injury, as well as the relative risk factors, are not completely clear. This review can aid to clarify this condition and is a guide for further evaluation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review of hearing impairment in RA.
Level-raising for GSp(4)

This thesis provides congruences between unstable and stable automorphic forms for the symplectic similitude group $GSp(4)$. More precisely, we raise the level of certain CAP representations $Pi$ of Saito-Kurokawa type, arising from classical modular forms $f in S_4(Gamma_0(N))$ of square-free level and root number $epsilon_f=-1$. We first transfer $Pi$ to a suitable inner form $G$ such that $G(R)$ is compact modulo its center. This is achieved by viewing $G$ as a similitude spin group of a definite quadratic form in five variables, and then $ heta$-lifting the whole Waldspurger packet for $widetilde{SL}(2)$ determined by $f$. Thereby we obtain an automorphic representation $pi$ of $G$. For the inner form we prove a precise level-raising result, inspired by the work of Bellaiche and Clozel, and relying on computations of Schmidt. Thus we obtain a $ ilde{pi}$ congruent to $pi$, with a local component that is irreducibly induced from an unramified twist of the Steinberg representation of the Klingen Levi subgroup. To transfer $ ilde{pi}$ back to $GSp(4)$, we use Arthur's stable trace formula and the exhaustive work of Hales on Shalika germs and the fundamental lemma in this case. Since $ ilde{pi}$ has a local component of the above type, all endoscopic error terms vanish. Indeed, by Weissauer, we only need to show that such a component does not participate in the $ heta$-correspondence with any $GO(4)$. This is an exercise in using Kudla's filtration of the Jacquet modules of the Weil representation. Thus we get a cuspidal automorphic representation $ ilde{Pi}$ of $GSp(4)$ congruent to $Pi$, which is neither CAP nor endoscopic. In particular, its Galois representations are irreducible by work of Ramakrishnan. It is crucial for our application that we can arrange for $ ilde{Pi}$ to have vectors fixed by the non-special maximal compact subgroups at all primes dividing $N$. Since $G$ is necessarily ramified at some prime $r$, we have to show a non-special analogue of the fundamental lemma at $r$. Fortunately, by work of Kottwitz we can compare the involved orbital integrals to twisted orbital integrals over the unramified quadratic extension of $Q_r$. The inner form $G$ splits over this extension, and the comparison of the twisted orbital integrals can be done by hand. Finally we give an application of our main result to the Bloch-Kato conjecture. Assuming a conjecture of Skinner and Urban on the rank of the monodromy operators at the primes dividing $N$, we construct a torsion class in the Selmer group of the motive $M_f(2)$.
Wideband radar cross‐section reduction of microstrip patch antenna using coding metasurface

This article proposes a design of a microstrip patch antenna with reduced radar cross-section (RCS) in a wide frequency band. The RCS of the patch antenna is reduced with the integration of an optimised coding metasurface. The coding metasurface is designed by placing artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) unit cells together to achieve a phase difference between 180 ± 37° within a wide frequency range. The out-of-band RCS for the proposed patch antenna is reduced >7 dB from 12.2 to 19.8 GHz, corresponding to a relative bandwidth of 48%, with a maximum reduction of 20 dB at 18 GHz. The operating frequency of the proposed antenna is 8.7 GHz and the RCS reduction is mainly in the Ku band. Both monostatic and bistatic RCS performance of the proposed patch antenna have been simulated and studied. The radiation performance of the proposed patch antenna is hardly influenced by the employment of the proposed coding metasurface. Details of the design considerations along with the simulation and measurement results are presented and discussed. The measured results are in a good agreement with the simulated ones, verifying the validity of the proposed antenna.
Cognitive and Affective Probing for Neuroergonomics

With increasingly portable and user-friendly electroencephalography (EEG) systems, this brain monitoring technique continues its path towards commercial applications (Mullen et al., 2015; Zander et al., 2017). Research into passive brain-computer interfacing (passive BCI, pBCI; Zander & Kothe, 2011) has focused on EEG to enable human-computer interaction (HCI) to make use of implicit information—information that is not explicitly communicated by a human operator, but is instead be obtained from brain activity (Zander, Brönstrup, Lorenz, & Krol, 2014). For example, a cognitive workload index can be established based on reference recordings of an operator’s brain activity (Gevins & Smith, 2003). This can then be used in the form of a pBCI to automatically adapt automation levels (Parasuraman, Mouloua, & Hilburn, 1999). pBCI-based adaptive automation is an example of a closed-loop system (Krol, Andreessen, & Zander, 2018). Access to an operator’s brain state, however, potentially allows a computer system more flexibility than that. Through cognitive probing, a system can be given the ability to autonomously learn specific pieces of information, independent of pre-defined loops. This paper is part of an effort to discuss the wider implications of cognitive probing in a number of different disciplines. It overlaps with and continues a paper presented earlier (Krol & Zander, in press).
Learning from Products in Service: A Socio-Political Framework

The paper develops a socio-political framework for analysing how companies can learn from products in service. The framework employs perspectives of time, space and power to analyse how four manufacturing organizations attempt to learn from their products in use. Vignettes from interviews with expert engineers in these companies are used to illustrate the problems encountered and the range of solutions adopted, and this leads to evaluation of the efficacy of the model. The paper demonstrates the value of the framework for analysing problems of knowledge management specifically in the context of learning from products in service, and critically evaluates its strengths, weaknesses and generalizability to other contexts. It concludes that it has value in understanding the nature of classic problems of knowledge management, and the limitations of some solutions adopted by companies.
Safety, mobility and environmental sustainability of Eco-Approach and Departure application at signalized intersections: A simulation study

Safety, mobility and environmental sustainability represent three cornerstones when evaluating the effectiveness of an intelligent transportation system. However, very few studies have conducted a holistic performance assessment for a connected vehicle (CV) based application. In this study, an environment-focused CV application, called Eco-Approach and Departure (EAD) application at signalized intersections, is used as an example. Its safety, mobility and environmental sustainability parameters are carefully evaluated through comprehensive simulation analyses over a real-word network. A variety of scenarios have been tested and the impact analysis is conducted from two perspectives: 1) EAD-equipped vehicles vs. non-equipped vehicles; and 2) overall traffic. The results indicate that the benefits of mobility and environmental sustainability show more consistent patterns across different scenario while safety impacts are more scenario-dependent.
Network-on-Chip router design with Buffer-Stealing

Communication in a Network-on-Chip (NoC) can be made more efficient by designing faster routers, using larger buffers, larger number of ports and channels, and adaptive routing, all of which incur significant overheads in hardware costs. As a more economic solution, we try to improve communication efficiency without increasing the buffer size. A Buffer-Stealing (BS) mechanism is proposed, which enables the input channels that have insufficient buffer space to utilize at runtime the unused input buffers from other input channels. Implementation results of the proposed BS design for a 64-bit 5-input-buffer router show a reduction of the average packet transmission latency by up to 10.17% and an increase of the average throughput by up to 23.47%, at an overhead of 22% more hardware resources.
Design and implementation of light-weight smart home gateway for Social Web of Things

Social Web of Thing (SWoT) has become a promising research due to its importance in many applications. SWoT integrates Internet of Things (IoT) and Social Networks Sites (SNS) so that human can readily monitor and manage smart objects. One of the key components in SWoT is the gateway, which must bridge between physical devices and Internet and present physical devices to SWoT as virtual objects. This work discusses technical options and various requirements of SWoT gateway design. In particular, we present a scalable and flexible SWoT gateway architecture design that supports mobile objects, interaction between users and objects, and multimedia handling. A prototype of the SWoT gateway is also illustrated to show the feasibility of our design.
Cues to body size in the formant spacing of male koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) bellows: honesty in an exaggerated trait

SUMMARY Determining the information content of vocal signals and understanding morphological modifications of vocal anatomy are key steps towards revealing the selection pressures acting on a given species' vocal communication system. Here, we used a combination of acoustic and anatomical data to investigate whether male koala bellows provide reliable information on the caller's body size, and to confirm whether male koalas have a permanently descended larynx. Our results indicate that the spectral prominences of male koala bellows are formants (vocal tract resonances), and show that larger males have lower formant spacing. In contrast, no relationship between body size and the fundamental frequency was found. Anatomical investigations revealed that male koalas have a permanently descended larynx: the first example of this in a marsupial. Furthermore, we found a deeply anchored sternothyroid muscle that could allow male koalas to retract their larynx into the thorax. While this would explain the low formant spacing of the exhalation and initial inhalation phases of male bellows, further research will be required to reveal the anatomical basis for the formant spacing of the later inhalation phases, which is predictive of vocal tract lengths of around 50 cm (nearly the length of an adult koala's body). Taken together, these findings show that the formant spacing of male koala bellows has the potential to provide receivers with reliable information on the caller's body size, and reveal that vocal adaptations allowing callers to exaggerate (or maximise) the acoustic impression of their size have evolved independently in marsupials and placental mammals.
Digital Droplet PCR for Monitoring Tissue‐Specific Cell Death Using DNA Methylation Patterns of Circulating Cell‐Free DNA

Cell death involves the release of short DNA fragments into blood, termed circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA). Sequencing of cfDNA in the plasma has recently emerged as a liquid biopsy for detecting fetal chromosomal aberrations, tumor DNA, and graft rejection. However, in cases where cfDNA is derived from tissues with a normal genome, its primary sequence is not informative regarding the tissue of origin. We developed a method of determining the tissue origins of cfDNA, allowing inference of tissue‐specific cell death, based on tissue‐specific methylation patterns. We have previously described a version of the method that uses next generation sequencing (NGS) to determine methylation patterns in specific marker loci. Here we describe a rapid and simple procedure for cfDNA methylation analysis using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) on bisulfite treated cfDNA to accurately count the number of molecules carrying a specific methylation signature. Specificity and sensitivity of the assay increases by simultaneously interrogating four to six cytosines in the same molecule using two fluorescent probes. cfDNA methylation analysis using ddPCR can find multiple applications in the non‐invasive study of human tissue dynamics in health and disease. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Providing a Live Chat on Online Shopping with End-to-End Encryption

In our these days life on-line purchase associated e-commerce website has changing into an mandatory things in our daily life vogue since, it conjointly have some major issue like purchasing a product with unhappy mode and lack of data in product usage. therefore as to overcome these drawback we have a tendency to have new entranceway referred to as live chat in on-line looking. We have a tendency to will offer this live chat in most safest method exploitation the end to finish cryptography methodology , most of the looking can have a live chat however they Weren’t provided a cut price options and most e-commerce website don’t have Chat choices. We have a tendency to will even enable the client and producer to Share their thoughts.
The Adult Patient with Eisenmenger Syndrome: A Medical Update after Dana Point Part III: Specific Management and Surgical Aspects

Eisenmenger syndrome is the most severe form of pulmonary arterial hypertension and arises on the basis of congenital heart disease with a systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. Due to the chronic slow progressive hypoxemia with central cyanosis, adult patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome suffer from a complex and multisystemic disorder including coagulation disorders (bleeding complications and paradoxical embolisms), renal dysfunction, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, heart failure, reduced quality of life and premature death. For a long time, therapy has been limited to symptomatic options or lung or combined heart-lung transplantation. As new selective pulmonary vasodilators have become available and proven to be beneficial in various forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension, this targeted medical treatment has been expected to show promising effects with a delay of deterioration also in Eisenmenger patients. Unfortunately, data in Eisenmenger patients suffer from small patient numbers and a lack of randomized controlled studies. To optimize the quality of life and the outcome, referral of Eisenmenger patients to spezialized centers is required. In such centers, specific interdisciplinary management strategies of physicians specialized on congenital heart diseases and PAH should be warranted. This medical update emphasizes the current diagnostic and therapeutic options for Eisenmenger patients with particularly focussing on specific management and surgical aspects.
Acute Coronary Syndrome Prediction Using Data Mining Techniques- An Application

In this paper we use data mining techniques to investigate factors that contribute significantly to enhancing the risk of acute coronary syndrome. We assume that the dependent variable is diagnosis – with dichotomous values showing presence or absence of disease. We have applied binary regression to the factors affecting the dependent variable. The data set has been taken from two different cardiac hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan. We have total sixteen variables out of which one is assumed dependent and other 15 are independent variables. For better performance of the regression model in predicting acute coronary syndrome, data reduction techniques like principle component analysis is applied. Based on results of data reduction, we have considered only 14 out of sixteen factors. Keywords—Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), binary logistic regression analyses, myocardial ischemia (MI), principle component analysis, unstable angina (U.A.).