Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of the age at natural menopause in a population-based study of Polish women

W pracy określono wiek menopauzy naturalnej polskich kobiet. Próbę stanowiły 7183 kobiety w wieku 35–65 lat, dla których dane zebrano podczas przekrojowych, ogólnopolskich badań stanu zdrowia i jakości życia kobiet w średnim wieku (WOMID). Badania prowadzono w latach 2000–2004. Z kwestionariusza menopauzalnego, wypełnianego przez kobiety podczas badań wybrano informacje demograficzno-społeczne oraz dotyczące statusu menstruacyjnego. Do ich opracowania zastosowano analizę historii zdarzeń. Obliczenia wykonano w pakiecie programów statystycznych Statistica 7.1. Wiek menopauzy naturalnej wyznaczono metodą Kaplana-Meiera. W metodzie tej obserwacje odcięte stanowił wiek menopauzy sztucznej, wiek rozpoczęcia kuracji hormonalnej u kobiet stosujących HRT, wiek kobiet, których status menstruacyjny w chwili badania określono jako premenopauzalny. Wyliczono wartości wieku menopauzy naturalnej dla 5. , 10. , 25. , 50. , 75. , 90. i 95. centyla. Mediana wieku menopauzy naturalnej wyniosła 51,25 lat. Porównanie wieku menopauzy naturalnej w 2 kohortach kobiet, urodzonych przed 1945 r. i w/po 1945 r. , nie potwierdziło sugestii o występowaniu trendów czasowych wieku menopauzy (brak statystycznie istotnych różnic, p>0,05). Analiza porównawcza wieku menopauzy naturalnej kobiet z różnych krajów świata sytuuje polskie kobiety na ich tle. Przeciętny wiek menopauzy naturalnej u polskich kobiet jest taki sam, jak u kobiet z innych krajów Europy, Australii i USA. W porównaniu z kobietami z krajów Afryki i Azji (poza Japonią) kobiety w Polsce przechodzą menopauzę w starszym wieku. Wiedza na temat wieku menopauzy naturalnej w populacji polskich kobiet, wobec systematycznie wydłużającego się trwania ludzkiego życia, ma nie tylko znaczenie poznawcze, ale może być wykorzystana w planowaniu polityki zdrowotnej i programów ochrony zdrowia kobiet.
Rationale and design of a comparison of angiography-derived fractional flow reserve-guided and intravascular ultrasound-guided intervention strategy for clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomised controlled trial (FLAVOUR II)

Introduction Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) guided by coronary angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) or intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) has shown improved clinical outcomes compared with angiography-only-guided PCI. In patients with intermediate stenoses, FFR resulted in fewer coronary interventions and was non-inferior to IVUS with respect to clinical outcomes. However, whether this finding can be applied to angiography-derived FFR in significant coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. Method and analysis The comparison of angiography-derived FFR-guided and IVUS-guided intervention strategies for clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (FLAVOUR II) trial is a multicentre, prospective, randomised controlled trial. A total of 1872 patients with angiographically significant CAD (stenoses of at least 50% as estimated visually through angiography) in a major epicardial coronary artery will be randomised 1:1 to receive either angiography-derived FFR-guided or IVUS-guided PCI. Patients will be treated with second-generation drug-eluting stent according to the predefined criteria for revascularisation: angiography-derived FFR≤0.8 and minimal lumen area (MLA)≤3 mm2 or 3 mm270%. The primary endpoint is a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction and revascularisation at 12 months after randomisation. We will test the non-inferiority of the angiography-derived FFR-guided strategy compared with the IVUS-guided decision for PCI and the stent optimisation strategy. The FLAVOUR II trial will provide new insights into optimal evaluation and treatment strategies for patients with CAD. Ethics and dissemination FLAVOUR II was approved by the institutional review board at each participating site (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Approval No: 2020LSYD410) and will be conducted in line with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent would be obtained from each patient before their participation. The study results will be submitted to a scientific journal. Trial registration number NCT04397211.
Comparing the efficacies of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatments using different targeting methods in major depressive disorder: protocol for a network meta-analysis

Introduction Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) has been widely used as a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) in the past two decades. Different methods for localising the lDLPFC target include the ‘5 cm’ method, the F3 method and the neuro-navigational method. However, whether TMS efficacies differ between the three targeting methods remains unclear. We present a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the efficacies of TMS treatments using these three targeting methods in MDD. Methods and analysis Relevant studies reported in English or Chinese and published up to May 2023 will be identified from searches of the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PsycINFO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Database, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, and China Science and Technology Journal Database. We will include all randomised controlled trials assessing the efficacy of an active TMS treatment using any one of the three targeting methods compared with sham TMS treatment or comparing efficacies between active TMS treatments using different targeting methods. Interventions must include a minimum of 10 sessions of high-frequency TMS over the lDLPFC. The primary outcome is the reduction score of the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale or Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. The dropout rate is a secondary outcome representing the TMS treatment’s acceptability. Pairwise meta-analyses and a random-effects NMA will be conducted using Stata. We will use the surface under the cumulative ranking curve to rank the different targeting methods in terms of efficacy and acceptability. Ethics and dissemination This systematic review and NMA does not require ethics approval. The results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO registration number CRD42023410273.
Self-care behaviour and associated factors among heart failure patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective This study aimed to estimate the pooled level of self-care behaviour among heart failure patients in Ethiopia. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data source PubMed/MEDLINE, HINARI, Web of Sciences, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, African journals online and University repositories were searched from 1 January 2000 to 1 November 2023. Eligibility criteria We include studies that examined self-care behaviour among heart failure patients, studies that report factors associated with self-care behaviour and observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control and cohort) with full text available. Data extraction and synthesis The data were extracted with Microsoft Excel and analysed by using STATA V.11 software. The weighted inverse variance random-effects model at 95% CI was used to estimate the pooled level of self-care behaviour and its associated factors among heart failure patients. Tests of heterogeneity, test of publication bias and subgroup analyses were also employed. Results Thirteen cross-sectional studies with 4321 study participants were included; and the pooled level of good self-care behaviour among heart failure patients in Ethiopia was found to be 38.3% (95% CI 31.46 to 45.13). Only 68.8% of heart failure patients were knowledgeable about heart failure. Knowledge about heart failure (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=3.39; 95% CI 2.42 to 4.74) and absence of comorbidity (AOR=2.69; 95% CI 1.35 to 5.37) were significantly associated with good self-care behaviour among heart failure patients in Ethiopia. Conclusion The majority of heart failure patients in Ethiopia did not adhere to the recommended self-care behaviours. Nearly one-third of heart failure patients were not knowledgeable about heart failure. Knowledge about heart failure and the absence of comorbidities were significantly associated with good self-care behaviour. Therefore, efforts should be devoted to increasing knowledge and preventing comorbidities among heart failure patients. PROSPERO registration number CRD42023394373.
Discovery of U2AF1 neoantigens in myeloid neoplasms

Background Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) arise from somatic mutations acquired in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, causing cytopenias and predisposing to transformation into secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Recurrent mutations in spliceosome genes, including U2AF1, are attractive therapeutic targets as they are prevalent in MDS and sAML, arise early in neoplastic cells, and are generally absent from normal cells, including normal hematopoietic cells. MDS and sAML are susceptible to T cell-mediated killing, and thus engineered T-cell immunotherapies hold promise for their treatment. We hypothesized that targeting spliceosome mutation-derived neoantigens with transgenic T-cell receptor (TCR) T cells would selectively eradicate malignant cells in MDS and sAML. Methods We identified candidate neoantigen epitopes from recurrent protein-coding mutations in the spliceosome genes SRSF2 and U2AF1 using a multistep in silico process. Candidate epitopes predicted to bind human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I, be processed and presented from the parent protein, and not to be subject to tolerance then underwent in vitro immunogenicity screening. CD8+ T cells recognizing immunogenic neoantigen epitopes were evaluated in in vitro assays to assess functional avidity, confirm the predicted HLA restriction, the potential for recognition of similar peptides, and the ability to kill neoplastic cells in an antigen-specific manner. Neoantigen-specific TCR were sequenced, cloned into lentiviral vectors, and transduced into third-party T cells after knock-out of endogenous TCR, then tested in vitro for specificity and ability to kill neoplastic myeloid cells presenting the neoantigen. The efficacy of neoantigen-specific T cells was evaluated in vivo in a murine cell line-derived xenograft model. Results We identified two neoantigens created from a recurrent mutation in U2AF1, isolated CD8+ T cells specific for the neoantigens, and demonstrated that transferring their TCR to third-party CD8+ T cells is feasible and confers specificity for the U2AF1 neoantigens. Finally, we showed that these neoantigen-specific TCR-T cells do not recognize normal hematopoietic cells but efficiently kill malignant myeloid cells bearing the specific U2AF1 mutation, including primary cells, in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions These data serve as proof-of-concept for developing precision medicine approaches that use neoantigen-directed T-cell receptor-transduced T cells to treat MDS and sAML.
Methodological guidelines and publications of benefit–risk assessment for health technology assessment: a scoping review protocol

Background Benefit–risk assessment (BRA) is used in multiple phases along the health technology’s life-cycle to evaluate the balance between the benefits and risks, as it is fundamental to all stakeholders. BRA and its methodological approaches have been applied primarily in the context of regulatory agencies. However, BRA’s application and extent in the context of health technology assessment (HTA) bodies remain less clear. Our goal is to perform a scoping review to identify and map methodological guidelines and publications on methods of BRA. This will be done considering the different phases of the life-cycle of health technologies to underline both the depth and extent of research concerning BRA, especially in the context of HTA. Methods and analysis This scoping review protocol was developed following the framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, and the updated guidelines by the Joanna Briggs Institute. We will include methodological publications that provide recommendations or guidelines on methods for BRA. We will conduct electronic searches on Medline (PubMed) and EMBASE (Ovid) databases; manual searches on the main websites of HTA bodies and drug regulatory organisations; and contact experts in the field. Systematic extraction forms will be used to screen and assess the identified publications by independent assessors. We will provide a qualitative synthesis using descriptive statistics and visual tools. Results will be summarised in systematic evidence tables and comparative evidence scoping charts. Ethics and dissemination This review will use data publicly available and does not require ethics approval. The results of this scoping review will contribute to scientific knowledge and act as a basis for methodologists, guideline developers and researchers for the development of BRA to inform regulatory decisions, reimbursement and coverage decision making. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed articles, conferences, policy briefs and workshops. Trial registration number Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/69T3V).
Development of the Metacognitive Skills of Prediction and Evaluation in Children with or without Math Disability

Metacognition refers to knowledge about one's own cognition. The present study was designed to assess metacognitive skills that either precede or follow task engagement, rather than the processes that occur during a task. Specifically, we examined prediction and evaluation skills among children with (n= 17) or without (n= 179) mathematics learning disability (MLD), from grades 2 to 4. Children were asked to predict which of several math problems they could solve correctly; later, they were asked to solve those problems. They were asked to evaluate whether their solution to each of another set of problems was correct. Children's ability to evaluate their answers to math problems improved from grade 2 to grade 3, whereas there was no change over time in the children's ability to predict which problems they could solve correctly. Children with MLD were less accurate than children without MLD in evaluating both their correct and incorrect solutions, and they were less accurate at predicting which problems they could solve correctly. However, children with MLD were as accurate as their peers in correctly predicting that they could not solve specific math problems. The findings have implications for the usefulness of children's self–review during mathematics problem solving.
An Assessment of Metadata Quality: A Case Study of the National Science Digital Library Metadata Repository

The goal of this study is to assess the quality of current metadata records in the NSDL repository. For this, we harvested over one million Dublin Core metadata records submitted through November 2005 to the repository using the Open Archives Initiative Protocol (OAIP). This study reports on the preliminary results of the tabulations and assessment of metadata quality. Le but de cette etude est d’evaluer la qualite des enregistrements de metadonnees actuels a partir du referentiel d'entrepot de la NSDL. A cette fin, nous avons recueilli plus d’un million d’enregistrements de metadonnees Dublin Core soumis au referentiel jusqu’en novembre 2005, en utilisant le Open Archives Initiative Protocol (OAIP). Cette etude presente les resultats preliminaires des statistiques et de l’evaluation de la qualite des metadonnees.
Contribution of collagen XIII to lung function and development of pulmonary fibrosis

Background Collagen XIII is a transmembrane collagen associated with neuromuscular junction development, and in humans its deficiency results in congenital myasthenic syndrome type 19 (CMS19), which leads to breathing difficulties. CMS19 patients usually have restricted lung capacity and one patient developed chronic lung disease. In single-cell RNA sequencing studies, collagen XIII has been identified as a marker for pulmonary lipofibroblasts, which have been implicated in the resolution of pulmonary fibrosis. Methods We investigated the location and function of collagen XIII in the lung to understand the origin of pulmonary symptoms in human CMS19 patients. Additionally, we performed immunostainings on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) samples (N=5) and both normal and fibrotic mouse lung. To study whether the lack of collagen XIII predisposes to restrictive lung disease, we exposed Col13a1-modified mice to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Results Apparently normal alveolar septum sections of IPF patients′ lungs stained faintly for collagen XIII, and its expression was pinpointed to the septal fibroblasts in the mouse lung. Lung capacity was increased in mice lacking collagen XIII by over 10%. In IPF samples, collagen XIII was expressed by basal epithelial cells, hyperplastic alveolar epithelial cells and stromal cells in fibrotic areas, but the development of pulmonary fibrosis was unaffected in collagen XIII-deficient mice. Conclusions Changes in mouse lung function appear to represent a myasthenic manifestation of collagen XIII deficiency. We suggest that respiratory muscle myasthenia is the primary cause of the breathing problems suffered by CMS19 patients in addition to skeletal deformities. Induction of collagen XIII expression in the IPF patients′ lungs warrants further studies to reveal collagen XIII-dependent disease mechanisms.
A new method to classify ENSO events into eastern and central Pacific types

In order to clearly classify El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events into eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific (CP) types, we develop two new indices defined as pattern correlation coefficients (PCCs) between monthly sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies (SSTAs) and first two leading empirical orthogonal function modes of tropical Pacific (20°S–20°N, 110°E–70°W) SSTAs. These new indices not only show close relationships with ENSO indices derived from several previous methods, but also demonstrate reasonable abilities to distinguish between two types of ENSO event. The major characteristic features of the EP‐type and CP‐type ENSO forcings are well captured from SST responses regressed onto each new index. Furthermore, the monthly frequencies of occurrences derived from two indices are quite similar to variation patterns of phase‐locking behaviours of two types of ENSO event.
Environmental gradients mediate dispersal evolution during biological invasions

Rapid dispersal evolution at the edge of a range expansion can accelerate invasions. However, expanding populations will often encounter environmental gradients that entail a fitness cost of dispersal. We used an eco-evolutionary model to explore how environmental heterogeneity influences adaptation and dispersal evolution during range expansion and, in turn, modulates the speed and predictability of invasion. Environmental gradients opposed the evolution of increased dispersal during invasion, even leading to the evolution of reduced dispersal along steep gradients. Counterintuitively, reduced dispersal allowed for faster expansion by minimizing maladaptation. While evolution across homogenous landscapes caused invasions to be highly unpredictable, even shallow environmental gradients greatly increased invasion predictability. We illustrate our model’s potential application to prediction and management of invasions by parameterizing it with data from a recent invertebrate range expansion. Overall, we find that environmental heterogeneity and local adaptation strongly modulate the effect of dispersal evolution on invasion trajectories.
The 'value' of the Olympic values: an exploration of the Olympic sponsorship program

Although the Olympic Games have historically diffused values, images, and information that created and promoted a positive global culture, they have evolved into a “media event” (Roche, 2000). The 1984 Los Angeles Olympics were a turning point in that they showed the extent to which the American TV networks were prepared to go in order to acquire the rights of transmitting the Games. Since then, at least a third of the Games’ total revenue generation derives from media companies’ payments for the rights to broadcast the Games. The advent of the Games as a global media event provides explanations about the rise of commercialism and professionalism in recent Olympic history. The ‘amateur’ ideal underpinning Olympic sports has been replaced by the commercial gain in the meaning of Olympism. This has resulted in the Olympic movement becoming increasingly dependent upon the fi nancial support provided by corporate sponsors. This study analyzed the content of marketing reports published by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and The Olympic Partners (TOP) in order to obtain an in-depth view of both constituents’ approach towards the Olympic sponsorship program. The nature of Olympic sponsorship will be discussed, while future challenges will be highlighted and evaluated.
Electrostatic encoding of genome organization principles within single native nucleosomes

The eukaryotic genome, first packed into nucleosomes of about 150 bp around the histone core, is organized into euchromatin and heterochromatin, corresponding to the A and B compartments, respectively. Here, we asked if individual nucleosomes in vivo know where to go. That is, do mono-nucleosomes by themselves contain A/B compartment information, associated with transcription activity, in their biophysical properties? We purified native mono-nucleosomes to high monodispersity and used physiological concentrations of biological polyamines to determine their condensability. The chromosomal regions known to partition into A compartments have low condensability and vice versa. In silico chromatin polymer simulations using condensability as the only input showed that biophysical information needed to form compartments is all contained in single native nucleosomes and no other factors are needed. Condensability is also strongly anticorrelated with gene expression, and especially so near the promoter region and in a cell type dependent manner. Therefore, individual nucleosomes in the promoter know whether the gene is on or off, and that information is contained in their biophysical properties. Comparison with genetic and epigenetic features suggest that nucleosome condensability is a very meaningful axis onto which to project the high dimensional cellular chromatin state. Analysis of condensability using various condensing agents including those that are protein-based suggests that genome organization principle encoded into individual nucleosomes is electrostatic in nature. Polyamine depletion in mouse T cells, by either knocking out ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) or inhibiting ODC, results in hyperpolarized condensability, suggesting that when cells cannot rely on polyamines to translate biophysical properties of nucleosomes to control gene expression and 3D genome organization, they accentuate condensability contrast, which may explain dysfunction known to occur with polyamine deficiency.
Towards a Sustainable Future: The Interaction of Corporate Governance and Sustainable Policies with Corporate Social Responsibility

This study explores how the characteristics of a company’s board and audit committee, as well as their implementation of environmental and social policies, affect their corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance. The sample for this analysis comprises Nifty 500 listed non-financial companies in India. The study draws secondary data from the Bloomberg database and annual reports of the sample firms and utilises panel data analysis to determine the impact of these factors on CSR performance. The results show that board size and implementation of environmental and social policies have a positive impact on CSR, whereas audit committee size and independence have a negative effect. Interestingly, board independence and gender diversity did not have a significant association with CSR performance.