Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimized Compression and Decompression Software

This research paper offers data compression practices and matches their performance with the help of a software . In this research paper we are going to discuss the software which compare three algorithms, This is the software which we are going to compare three compression algorithms Huffman, LZW, LZM . With the help these algorithms we capable to compress text file, audio file, video file and images files. The software is basically comparing the algorithms on the basis of space complexity, time complexity of the data after compression. Technically the purpose of the data compression is to reduce duplicity in the stored and communicated data, thus increasing effective data density, Data compression is an important application in file storage and the distributed system. So if we need to increase the performance or heighten the speed so data compression is the advantage at that moment and compressed data is always suitable to reduce the cost both for storage and communication, data compression fundamentally diminishes the size of the data in terms of bits or bytes and the reduced data need lesser disk space compare to the data without compression. We have abundant ways to compress the data like text, audio, video files . Fundamentally we have two distinct characteristics for data compression and they are lossless and lossy compression. In lossless the integrity of the data is always maintained on the other hand In lossy compression data reduce by permanently eliminating certain amount of information, especially duplicate information, when a file in uncompressed, only a part of the original information is still there, Lossy compression commonly used for the audio and the video where certain amount of information is lost which is not examined by most of the users.
Ten years of jointly commissioning health and social care in England

Introduction Over the past two decades, the service delivery landscape across health and social care in England has been reshaped in order to separate the commissioning of services from their delivery. Policy/practice The market ethic that underpinned this move has depicted the previously roles as unresponsive to the needs of service users and dominated by provider interests. As well as seeming to offer commissioners the chance to change the nature of provision and type of provider, this policy model also created a further new opportunity—for joint commissioning across organisational boundaries. The logic here is that if two or more commissioners can jointly shape their programmes then they will be better able to secure integrated provision across a range of separate agencies and professions. Conclusion This article reviews the experience of joint commissioning across health and social care over the past decade in England. It contrasts the proliferation of policies against the paucity of achievements, seeks explanations for this situation, and offers pointers for future development.
Apprentice to Graduate: A narrative study into the progression experience of Advanced Apprentice

This thesis explores the biographical journey into and through HE of a small group of former Advanced Apprentices. It explores how early educational experiences relate to pathways into and through the Apprenticeship system and how former Apprentices experiencing HE to develop an understanding of how HE impacts on their lives, experiences, and identities. The changing landscape of both Apprenticeships and higher education means we need to capture these accounts becoming a HE student to understand better the lived, biographical experience of individuals in increasingly credentialised learning and work settings. This study utilises a narrative, longitudinal approach to explore the experiences of Apprentices who have embarked on higher education, drawing upon data from several semi-structured narrative interviews with sixteen former Apprentices as they progress through their higher education programme. The final phase of the study engaged with the broader social network of six participants, illuminating how education and career decision-making and experiences are deeply embedded within family, friendship and peer networks. Analysing learning experiences, educational transitions, and learner identity highlight the process of becoming a higher education student is relational, situational, and part of a web of complex interactions. The study has drawn on communities of practice (Lave and Wenger, 1991; Wenger, 1998) and modes of reflexivity (Archer, 2003, 2007, 2012) as useful frameworks to understand the learning experiences of former Apprentices and how reflexivity guides how people navigate constellations of education and career possibilities. Insights from the social networks suggest that individuals adapt their approach to reflexivity according to the social situation, aspects of and stages in their lives.
An Adaptive Robot Game

The goal of this paper is to describe an adaptive robot game, which motivates elderly people to do a regular amount of physical exercise while playing. One of the advantages of robot based games is that the initiative to play can be taken autonomously by the robot. In this case, the goal is to improve the mental and physical state of the user by playing a physical game with the robot. Ideally, a robot game should be simple to learn but difficult to master, providing an appropriate degree of challenge for players with different skills. In order to achieve that, the robot should be able to adapt to the behavior of the interacting person. This paper presents a simple ball game between a single player and a mobile robot platform. The algorithm has been validated using simulation and real world experiments.
A new robust adaptive beamformer for enhancing speech corrupted with colored noise

In this paper, a new adaptive beamforming scheme is proposed for enhancing a speech signal degraded by additive colored noise signals in reverberant environment. The good performance of the standard GSC beamformer is severely impaired in complicated acoustic environments. The proposed beamformer uses a new adaptive blocking matrix, which consists of linear prediction error filters (LPEFs) and a multi-channel noise canceller using adaptive noise estimation filters (ANEFs). The new adaptive blocking matrix exploits the stationary characteristics of the speech signal over a short interval of time. Thus most of speech signal can be predicted by the linear prediction filters in the blocking matrix. On the other hand, the background noise signals becomes white. While the ANEFs in the multi-channel noise canceller reconstructs the background noise signals from whitened noise signals. Simulation results, in a noisy and reverberant environment with 0.3s reverberation time, show that the proposed beamformer produces results that are significantly favorable than standard GSC beamformer. Moreover, the proposed beamformer has been implemented in a real-time in a real environment using National Instruments NI-PXI-1042Q controller system and data acquisition card PXI-4472.
Esci Journal of Plant Pathology Serological Identity of Potato Virus X (pvx) and Pcr Characterization of Its Coat Protein (cp) Gene

Potato virus X (PVX) is among top ten most economically damaging plant viruses in the world and its increasing incidence is getting an alarming situation in potato crop of Pakistan. The infectivity of the virus was assayed through mechanical inoculation on Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun, N. rustica, Datura stramonium, Chenopodium sp. Gomphrena and Capsicum annuum producing local lesion, mosaic and mottling symptoms. Coat protein (CP) gene specific sense and antisense primer successfully amplified a 750bp fragments through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay. INTRODUCTION Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is most widely grown tuber crop in the world. It ranks fourth among food crops after wheat, maize and rice and fifth in total production in Pakistan. It is the highest in dry matter production, edible energy, nutritional value and protein per unit area than wheat, rice and maize and it provides 12-15 times more yield per unit area as compared with cereals (Rauscher et al., 2006). Soil and climatic conditions prevalent in Pakistan are highly conducive for the production of three crops of potato a year, i.e. autumn and spring crops in the plain and summer crop in the hills (Zanoni, 1991). In Pakistan, potato is cultivated over an area of 127.7 thousand hectares and annual production is 3726.5 thousand tons which is very low as compared to other potato growing countries along with a biotic factors play a pivotal role
Desarrollo de algoritmos para la exploración submarina mediante vehículos autónomos con visión artificial monocular

The motivation of this thesis consisted in researching the use of visual-monocular systems in underwater environments and to implement novel solutions to the complex problems that arise in such scenes. Some of the main contributions of this work are: the development of algorithms for navigation in highly self-similar scenes, the implementation of a dense monocular SLAM system (Simultaneous localization and Mapping) developed to be used in underwater scenes, the development of a robust methodology for exploration, return and revisiting based on SLAM, the implementation of a caustic wave filter for tridimentional environments. The validity of the obtained results were verified experimentally in controlled underwater environments.
PPM Reduction on Embedded Memories in System on Chip

This paper summarizes advanced test patterns designed to target dynamic and time-related faults caused by new defect mechanisms in deep-submicron memory technologies. Such tests are industrially evaluated together with the traditional tests at "Design of Systems on Silicon (DS2)" in Spain in order to (a) validate the used fault models and (b) investigate the added value of the new tests and their impact on the PPM level. The preliminary silicon results are presented and analyzed. They validate some of the new dynamic fault models and show the importance of considering dynamic faults for high outgoing product quality.
Principles of Robot Programming Systems

Despite substantial advances in robotics technologies, robots continue to be underutilized. This trend is likely to continue for the foreseeable future unless end users can better program their own robots. Robot programming systems must be developed that allow end users (who often lack technological expertise) to quickly program their own robots to perform customized tasks in environments of their choosing. Despite this need, we are not aware of a formal agenda for the development of such systems. In this paper, we begin to define a set of performance standards that robot programming systems should achieve. To demonstrate the usefulness of these standards, we describe a user study in which we evaluated several robot programming systems using several metrics defined in these standards.
Automatic Meal Inspection System Using LBP-HF Feature for Central Kitchen

This paper proposes an intelligent and automatic meal inspection system which can be applied to the meal inspection for the application of central kitchen automation. The diet specifically designed for the patients are required with providing personalized diet such as low sodium intake or some necessary food. Hence, the proposed system can benefit the inspection process that is often performed manually. In the proposed system, firstly, the meal box can be detected and located automatically with the vision-based method and then all the food ingredients can be identified by using the color and LBP-HF texture features. Secondly, the quantity for each of food ingredient is estimated by using the image depth information. The experimental results show that the meal inspection accuracy can approach 80%, meal inspection efficiency can reach1200ms, and the food quantity accuracy is about 90%. The proposed system is expected to increase the capacity of meal supply over 50% and be helpful to the dietician in the hospital for saving the time in the diet inspection process.
Client-Side Counter Phishing Application Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System

Phishing is an online scam which involves identity theft of unsuspecting users, by which an attacker steals the personal information of users, such as user ID or password. E-mails, instant messaging and web pages are used in carrying out such attacks, out of which Phishing using e-mails is the most dominant method. E-mails containing hyperlinks of Phishing websites are sent by the attacker, who disguises himself as a trusted source, such as customer care centre of a bank or stock broking firm. In this paper, a design is proposed to detect phishing e-mails present in a user's mailbox. The application has been implemented using an intelligent hybrid technique, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). E-mails present in a user's mailbox are retrieved and checked for the number of occurrences of each type of phishing indicator. These values of phishing indicators are fed as input to ANFIS, which gives an output value corresponding to each e-mail. This output value is used to categorize the e-mail as genuine, suspicious or phishing e-mail. Thereafter warning is generated to inform the user regarding the presence of phishing e-mails in mailbox. This is a preventive and proactive technique, which detects phishing activity even without opening a phishing web page. The combined strength of the Neural networks and Fuzzy logic makes our approach very powerful. Neural network lets the system learn and adjust its parameters, whereas Fuzzy logic ensures human like knowledge representation and decision making. This concept has been used for the first time which provides results with high accuracy. The application has been tested on a mix of 100 genuine and phishing e-mails and provides no false positives and false negatives.
Vision: smart home control with head-mounted sensors for vision and brain activity

Today, an increasing number of household appliances is being connected to the Internet to form a smart home. Intelligent control algorithms in the cloud adapt the configuration of this Internet-of-Things to our daily routines and personal preferences. Frequently, there are unforeseen situations where the control algorithms will not capture the actual desired configuration. In these cases, the user must intervene in the control algorithms and manually adjust the connected object's setting. Browsing to the appropriate web service or launching the vendor-specific companion app for even a simple interaction like lowering the temperature setting is a tedious process. In this paper, we report on our early insights in building a mobile system that provides a common, intuitive interface to all actuators in the smart home. Using a head-mounted camera and a commercial Emotiv EEG neuro-headset, we let the user configure the IoT by merely looking at an object and performing a related facial expression. This way, users only need to look at an object and think about the desired action. We leverage on the home cloudlet for the compute-intensive signal processing for object detection.
Controlling Bidirectional Parsing forE cient Text

Traditional models of parsing as used in interfaces have shown to be weak and ineeective in complex tasks such as processing of naturally-occurring texts. Broad coverage parsers go mad when confronted with extended inputs without suucient information to control the interpretation process. The use of eeective control strategies is necessary to overcome these shortcomings. Extra-linguistic criteria (e.g. statistics, semantic or goal-driven heuristics) can be employed to reduce the combinatorics of parsing and to avoid misdirected eeorts, focusing the analysis on the most promising solutions. In this paper we present an approach to text parsing where an agenda-based bidirectional chart parser is coupled with a set of extra-linguistic control strategies. Those strategies aaect the agenda management favoring some tasks, delaying or pruning others. A preprocessing phase elaborate the text in order to collect information for the parsing control: text segmentation produces hints on the text super-cial structure, and statistical classiication provides the templates to ll. Afterwards the linguistic analyzer processes the text in two steps: segment parsing and segment combination. The control strategies are mainly applied during the latter phase. Currently implemented strategies integrate both general and domain-speciic criteria such as grammar rule scores and goal-driven (i.e. template-based) information. The two-step linguistic ana-lyzer is able to gracefully cope with the linguistic complexity of the input, pursuing a complete analysis only when it is feasible; the feature of bidirec-tionality allows to maximize the coverage on chunks of input. Some preliminary results seem to show an improvement of the parsing eeciency.
Neuronal apoptosis by prolyl hydroxylation: implication in nervous system tumours and the Warburg conundrum

• Introduction • Lessons from a rare disease • Specificity of function within the EglN prolyl hydroxylases • Failure of EglN3‐mediated apoptosis in the genesis of phaeochromocytoma • Understanding the mechanistic basis of EglN3 killing • Connecting EglN activity to the Warburg conundrum • Future directions
Pre-service language teacher training for distance education

ABSTRACT:This research questions whether English language teaching courses offered by Brazilian public universities equip the next generation of teachers with the necessary skills to teach via distance learning through online environments. The methodology used is quantitative in nature and considers 118 universities that offer English Language and Literature courses. Their curricula were analyzed solely to investigate if the courses offered any modules related to distance learning. Only four institutions propose entire modules that deal with distance education although they are elective. In order to propose an alternative to this issue, a suite of three modules related to technology, distance teaching and learning are presented. TPACK model was used as a guide to analyze the proposed modules. The development of the modules could establish a more solid and holistic pre-service teacher education, so that pre-service teachers can be prepared to teach in online and blended environments.KEYWORDS: pre-service training; distance education; TPACK; public universities. RESUMO:Esta pesquisa questiona se os cursos de ensino de inglês oferecidos por Universidades Públicas Brasileiras equipam a próxima geração de professores com as habilidades necessárias para ensinar via educação a distância através de ambientes online. A metodologia utilizada é de natureza quantitativa e considera 118 universidades que oferecem graduação em Língua e Literatura Inglesa. Os respectivos currículos foram analisados unicamente para investigar se os cursos ofereciam módulos relacionados ao ensino a distância. Apenas quatro instituições propõem módulos inteiros que lidam com educação a distância, embora sejam eletivos. Para propor uma alternativa a essa questão, é apresentado um conjunto de três módulos relacionados à tecnologia, ensino a distância e aprendizado. O modelo TPACK foi utilizado como um guia para analisar os módulos propostos. O desenvolvimento dos módulos pode estabelecer uma formação de professores pré-serviço mais sólida e holística, para que os professores possam estar preparados para ensinar em ambientes online e híbridos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: formação pré-serviço; educação a distância; TPACK; universidades públicas.
The Effects of Short Term Employment Contract on an Organization: A Case of Kenya Forest Service

The use of temporary workers is growing rapidly. It has spread across industries—from manufacturing to services and other occupations, including construction workers, registered nurses, bankers, information technologists. The number of companies using temporary workers was on the increase as global competition increased and the urge to cut down on costs of undertaking businesses in order to remain competitive rises. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects arising from use of short term contractual employees by employers / organizations. The study used Kenya Forest Service, which had considerable large numbers of employees on short term contracts, as a case. The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of hiring staff on short term employment to an organization. On research methodology, the research was descriptive and utilized a case study approach to achieve the research objectives. The target population was permanent and temporary staff working in Kenya Forest Service. A sample of 51 temporary and permanent staff, representing 30% of all staff working in KFS Head Office was picked for the study. The research utilized both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected through administration of questionnaire while secondary data was collected from in house text books, reports, journals, newspapers and company’s website and publications. The data collected was analyzed using the spread sheets Windows 2007 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The data was presented in tables, figures, charts, pie charts and graphs. The study found out that short term employment results to: unscheduled turnover in an organization, low staff morale and low productivity. Short-term employment affected productivity of staff in the organization since a lot of time and effort was used in training new employees as their turnover was high. The research also noted that the very nature of temporary employment increases feelings of divided allegiance on the part of temporary workers. This reduces their level of commitment and hence their productivity. To cope with the challenges of short term employment, the study found that Kenya Forest Service was implementing the following measures: gradually absorbing the temporary employees to permanent employment whenever suitable openings arose, provided on job trainings to short-term employees to equip them with skills so that they could be more productive and frequently reviewed the compensation and benefits terms for staff under short term contracts. Further recommendations were made for adaptation of short term employment contracts in times of economic difficulties; organizations implement proper human asset management practices by integrating temporary workers into the firms and that Companies offer induction and investment in skills by training in order to increase productivity and enhance employees’ commitment to work.
Economic Networks: The New Challenges

The current economic crisis illustrates a critical need for new and fundamental understanding of the structure and dynamics of economic networks. Economic systems are increasingly built on interdependencies, implemented through trans-national credit and investment networks, trade relations, or supply chains that have proven difficult to predict and control. We need, therefore, an approach that stresses the systemic complexity of economic networks and that can be used to revise and extend established paradigms in economic theory. This will facilitate the design of policies that reduce conflicts between individual interests and global efficiency, as well as reduce the risk of global failure by making economic networks more robust.