Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Model based detection of implied scenarios in multi agent systems

Multi-agent systems (MAS) are efficient solutions for commercial applications such as information retrieval and search. In a MAS, agents are usually designed with distribution of functionality and control. Lack of central control implies that the quality of service of MAS may be degraded because of possible unwanted behavior at the runtime, commonly known as emergent behavior. Detecting and removing emergent behavior during the design phase of MAS will lead to huge savings in deployment costs of such systems. An effective approach for the MAS design is to describe system requirements using scenarios. A scenario, commonly known as a message sequence chart or a sequence diagram, is a temporal sequence of messages sent between agents. In this paper a method for detecting emergent behavior of MAS by detecting incompleteness and partial description of scenarios is proposed. The method is explained along with a prototype MAS for semantic search that blends the search and ontological concept learning.
ML – Lucid , an intensional functional language

In this paper, we define the ML-Lucid programming language, a generalization of Lucid and of the functional part of ML. ML-Lucid is a multi-dimensional language, and dimensions can be defined to be any ML data type. All functional ML objects can be used as the atomic objects of Lucid. The semantic of ML-Lucid are given using a Kripke semantics, where the universe of possible worlds is the arbitrary cross-product of ML data types. All of Lucid’s intensional operators can be defined in ML-Lucid, and new ones can easily be defined.
The Effects of Dynamic Feedbacks on Ls and Mm Estimator Accuracy in Panel Data Models

This discussion paper led to a publication in the 'Journal of Econometrics' 132(2), 409-44. The finite sample behaviour is analysed of particular least squares (LS) andmethod of moments (MM) estimators in panel data models with individual effectsand both a lagged dependent variabIe regressor and another explanatory variabIewhich may be affected by lagged feedbacks from the dependent variabIe. Asymp-totic expansions indicate that the order of magnitude of bias of (generalized) MMestimators tends to increase with the number of moment conditions exploited. Forvarious estimation procedures we examine the analytical effects of feedbacks andother model characteristics such as prominence of individual effects. Simulation re-sults corroborate our theoretical findings and show that in small samples of modelswith dynamic feedbacks none of the techniques examined dominates. However, asimple bias corrected LS estimator which presupposes strict exogeneity is found tobe rather robliSt, showing often smaller root mean squared errors than GMM.
Parallel programming models for a multi-processor SoC platform applied to high-speed traffic management

We describe the MultiFlex multi-processor SoC programming environment, with the focus on two programming models: a distributed system object component (DSOC) message passing model, and a symmetrical multi-processing (SMP) model using shared memory. The MultiFlex tools map these models onto the StepNP multi-processor SoC platform, while making use of hardware accelerators for message passing and task scheduling. We present the results of mapping an Internet traffic management application, running at 2.5 Gb/s.
Similarity Measure Using Local Phase Features and Its Application to Biometric Recognition

In the field of biometric recognition, similarity measure using local features such as Gabor-based coding, Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) has been applied to various biometric recognition problems. These features, however, may not always exhibit higher recognition performance than the recognition algorithms of the specific biometric trait. In this paper, we propose a novel similarity measurement technique using local phase features for biometric recognition. The phase information obtained from 2D Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of images exhibits good performance for evaluating the similarity between images. The local phase features extracted from multi-scale image pyramids can handle nonlinear deformation of images. Through a set of experiments in some biometric recognition such as face, palmprint and finger knuckle recognition, we demonstrate the efficient performance and versatility of the proposed features compared with the state-of-the-art conventional algorithms.
Performance Evaluation of the Clustered Multiprocessor System

A multiprocessor system with bus connections has a throughput which may be reduced significantly due to the bus conflict. One approach to ease this conflict is to group processors into a few clusters. This paper presents a clustered multiprocessor prototype called “MUGEN” and the systems software implemented. Its performance also is disusssed. As for the systems software, ext-C and para-C languages are introduced that are developed to express parallelism explicitly. Also, the par-C preprocessor (P3C) that translates a standard C program into a parallel program written in para-C is introduced. Finally, the Livermore loop results are presented to measure the performance.
Climate change implications for fisheries and aquaculture Overview of current scientific knowledge

variability, in particular relating to ENSO events. Off California, anchovy spawning expands northwards during El Niño events (Checkley et al., 2009). Likewise, the northern limit of California sardines in Canadian waters is broadly related to sea surface temperature, expanding north during the months of June through August and returning south when sea temperatures begin to cool (McFarlane et al., 2005). Rodriquez-Sánchez et al. (2002) have described how Pacific sardine (Sardinops caeruleus) in the California Current System changed its core habitat locations from the central to the southern and then back to the central parts of its full distributional range over the period 1931 to 1997 as the prevailing climate regimes shifted. Cross-shelf habitat is also affected by productivity conditions. California sardine shows significant interannual variation in the geographic extent of spawning, extending further offshore during La Niña and being compressed shoreward during El Niño (e.g. Lynn, 2003). FIGURE 15 Examples of North Sea fish distributions that have shifted north with climatic warming. Relationships between mean latitude and 5-year running mean winter bottom temperature for (A) cod, (B) anglerfish, and (C) snake blenny are shown
Multigenerational effects of fetal-neonatal iron deficiency on hippocampal BDNF signaling

Fetal‐neonatal iron deficiency induces adult learning impairments concomitant with changes in expression of key genes underlying hippocampal learning and memory in spite of neonatal iron replenishment. Notably, expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a gene critical for neuronal maturation and synaptic plasticity, is lowered both acutely and in adulthood following early‐life iron deficiency. Although the mechanism behind its long‐term downregulation remains unclear, epigenetic modification in BDNF, as seen in other models of early‐life adversity, may play a role. Given that early iron deficiency occurs during critical periods in both hippocampal and gonadal development, we hypothesized that the iron‐sufficient offspring (F2 IS) of formerly iron‐deficient (F1 FID) rats would show a similar suppression of the BDNF gene as their parents. We compared hippocampal mRNA levels of BDNF and functionally related genes among F1 IS, F1 ID, and F2 IS male rats at postnatal day (P) 15 and P65 using RT‐qPCR. As expected, the F1 ID group showed a downregulation of BDNF and associated genes acutely at P15 and chronically at P65. However, the F2 IS group showed an upregulation of these genes at P15, returning to control levels at P65. These results demonstrate that adverse effects of early iron deficiency on hippocampal gene expression observed in the F1 are not present in the F2 generation, suggesting differential effects of nutritionally induced epigenetic programing during the critical periods of hippocampal and gonadal development.
Environmental uncertainty affects inter-organisational partner selection: The mediating role of cost and strategy in alliance motivations among SMEs

Abstract This paper investigate the degree to which environment uncertainty affects inter-organisational alliance partner selection in small to medium-sized enterprises and blends the resource-based view in a multiple-mediator model in which different dimensions of alliance motivation (cost and strategy) act as mediating mechanisms that transmit the positive effects of environment uncertainty to partner selection criteria. Four hypotheses are developed and then tested on a survey data sample of 108 firms in the Taiwanese steel industry. Our research findings show the mediating effects of alliance motivation cost and strategy and understanding how environment uncertainty impacts alliance motivation (cost and strategy) within small to medium-sized enterprises.
Characteristics of the gastrointestinal microbiome in children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review

Background A high prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms has been reported in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). However, results from studies about the GI mircobiome of such children have been inconsistent. Aim Integrate the results of studies that examine the distribution of different GI microorganisms in children with ASD. Methods Studies related to the GI microbiome in children with ASD were identified through PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, ISI web of knowledge, Ovid/Medline, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, the Chongqing VIP database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, WANFANG DATA, and the China BioMedical Literature Service System (SinoMed). Studies were screened for inclusion following pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Software Review Manager 5.2. 6 was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 15 cross-sectional studies, all of which had relatively small samples, were included in the final analysis. Only one of the included studies was from China. Among the 15 studies, 11 studies (with a combined sample of 562 individuals) reported significant differences between ASD children and controls in the prevalence of GI bacteria, particularly bacteria in the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phyla. However, due to the substantial heterogeneity in methodology and the often contradictory results of different studies, it was not possible to pool the results into a meta-analysis. Conclusions To date, studies on the GI microbiome in children with ASD are limited in quantity and quality. There does, however, appear to be a ‘signal’ suggesting significant differences in the GI microbiome between ASD children and children without ASD, so there would be value in continuing this line of research. To improve validity and decrease the heterogeneity of findings, future studies should enlarge sample sizes, standardize methods and assess relevant confounding variables, such as the severity of GI symptoms and the use of medications, special diets and supplements.
On Recognizing Faces in Videos Using Clustering-Based Re-Ranking and Fusion

Due to widespread applications, availability of large intra-personal variations in video and limited information content in still images, video-based face recognition has gained significant attention. Unlike still face images, videos provide abundant information that can be leveraged to address variations in pose, illumination, and expression as well as enhance the face recognition performance. This paper presents a video-based face recognition algorithm that computes a discriminative video signature as an ordered list of still face images from a large dictionary. A three-stage approach is proposed for optimizing ranked lists across multiple video frames and fusing them into a single composite ordered list to compute the video signature. This signature embeds diverse intra-personal variations and facilitates in matching two videos with large variations. For matching two videos, a discounted cumulative gain measure is utilized, which uses the ranking of images in the video signature as well as the usefulness of images in characterizing the individual in the video. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is evaluated under different video-based face recognition scenarios such as matching still face images with videos and matching videos with videos. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on the YouTube faces database and the MBGC v2 video challenge database that comprise different types of video-based face recognition challenges such as matching still face images with videos and matching videos with videos. Performance comparison with the benchmark results on both the databases and a commercial face recognition system shows the efficiency of the proposed algorithm for video-based face recognition.
Revealing the cold dust in low-metallicity environments - I. Photometry analysis of the Dwarf Galaxy Survey with Herschel

Context. We present new photometric data from our Herschel guaranteed time key programme, the Dwarf Galaxy Survey (DGS), dedicated to the observation of the gas and dust in low-metallicity environments. A total of 48 dwarf galaxies were observed with the PACS and SPIRE instruments onboard the Herschel Space Observatory at 70, 100, 160, 250, 350, and 500 μm. Aims. The goal of this paper is to provide reliable far-infrared (FIR) photometry for the DGS sample and to analyse the FIR/submillimetre (submm) behaviour of the DGS galaxies. We focus on a systematic comparison of the derived FIR properties (FIR luminosity, LFIR, dust mass, Mdust, dust temperature, T, emissivity index, β) with more metal-rich galaxies and investigate the detection of a potential submm excess.Methods. The data reduction method is adapted for each galaxy in order to derive the most reliable photometry from the final maps. The derived PACS flux densities are compared with the Spitzer MIPS 70 and 160 μm bands. We use colour−colour diagrams to analyse the FIR/submm behaviour of the DGS galaxies and modified blackbody fitting procedures to determine their dust properties. To study the variation in these dust properties with metallicity, we also include galaxies from the Herschel KINGFISH sample, which contains more metal-rich environments, totalling 109 galaxies.Results. The location of the DGS galaxies on Herschel colour−colour diagrams highlights the differences in dust grain properties and/or global environments of low-metallicity dwarf galaxies. The dust in DGS galaxies is generally warmer than in KINGFISH galaxies (TDGS ~ 32 K and TKINGFISH ~ 23 K). The emissivity index, β, is ~1.7 in the DGS, however metallicity does not make a strong effect on β. The proportion of dust mass relative to stellar mass is lower in low-metallicity galaxies: Mdust/Mstar ~ 0.02% for the DGS versus 0.1% for KINGFISH. However, per unit dust mass, dwarf galaxies emit about six times more in the FIR/submm than higher metallicity galaxies. Out of the 22 DGS galaxies detected at 500 μm, about 41% present an excess in the submm beyond the explanation of our dust SED model, and this excess can go up to 150% above the prediction from the model. The excess mainly appears in lower metallicity galaxies (12 + log(O/H) ≲ 8.3), and the strongest excesses are detected in the most metal-poor galaxies. However, we also stress the need for observations longwards of the Herschel wavelengths to detect any submm excess appearing beyond 500 μm.
The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Biological Treatment of Bipolar Disorders: Update 2010 on the treatment of acute bipolar depression

Abstract Objectives. These guidelines are based on a first edition that was published in 2002, and have been edited and updated with the available scientific evidence until September 2009. Their purpose is to supply a systematic overview of all scientific evidence pertaining to the treatment of acute bipolar depression in adults. Methods. The data used for these guidelines have been extracted from a MEDLINE and EMBASE search, from the clinical trial database clinicaltrials.gov, from recent proceedings of key conferences, and from various national and international treatment guidelines. Their scientific rigor was categorised into six levels of evidence (A–F). As these guidelines are intended for clinical use, the scientific evidence was finally assigned different grades of recommendation to ensure practicability. Results. We identified 10 pharmacological monotherapies or combination treatments with at least limited positive evidence for efficacy in bipolar depression, several of them still experimental and backed up only by a single study. Only one medication was considered to be sufficiently studied to merit full positive evidence. Conclusions. Although major advances have been made since the first edition of this guideline in 2002, there are many areas which still need more intense research to optimize treatment. The majority of treatment recommendations is still based on limited data and leaves considerable areas of uncertainty.
Making bigger brains–the evolution of neural-progenitor-cell division

Relative brain size differs markedly between species. This variation might ultimately result from differences in the cell biology of neural progenitors, which might underlie their different proliferative potential. On the basis of the cell-biological properties of neural progenitors of animals of varying brain size and complexity (namely, Drosophila melanogaster, rodents and primates), we hypothesize that the evolution of four related cell-biological features has contributed to increases in neuron number. Three of these features–the pseudostratification of the progenitor layer, the loss of (Inscuteable-mediated) mitotic-spindle rotation and the evolution of proteins (such as Aspm) that maintain the precision of symmetric progenitor division–affect the mode of cell division in the apically dividing progenitors of the ventricular zone. The fourth feature, however, concerns the evolution of the basally dividing progenitors of the subventricular zone. In rodents, these basal (or intermediate) progenitors lack cell polarity, whereas in primates a subpopulation of radial, presumably polarized, progenitors has evolved (outer-subventricular-zone progenitors). These cells undergo basal mitoses and are thought to retain epithelial characteristics. We propose the epithelial-progenitor hypothesis, which argues that evolutionary changes that promote the maintenance of epithelial features in neural progenitors, including outer-subventricular-zone progenitors, have been instrumental in the expansion of the cerebral cortex in primates.
Age-related vasodilatory response to acetazolamide challenge in healthy adults: a dynamic contrast-enhanced MR study.

PURPOSE We examined age-related changes in baseline regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and response to acetazolamide stimulation by using dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging. METHODS Thirty healthy volunteers ranging widely in age (23 to 82 years) were examined before and after intravenous injection of acetazolamide with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MR imaging. rCBV values were normalized for intersubject and intrasubject comparison by estimating an arterial input function directly from the imaging data. Preacetazolamide baseline rCBV and the percentage volume change index (PVCI) of the postacetazolamide to preacetazolamide state were calculated and examined as a function of age. RESULTS Older adults (>50 years) had lower baseline rCBV per unit tissue than did younger adults (<50 years), but higher rCBV after acetazolamide stimulation. Baseline rCBV tended to decrease with age in the medial frontal and frontoparietal gray matter regions. Response to acetazolamide stimulation, measured by PVCI, showed a significant age-related increase in gray matter, approximately 0.5% per year. CONCLUSION rCBV can be significantly increased after acetazolamide stimulation in the healthy aged. These results support the notion that age-related decreases in rCBV measured at rest reflect reduced regional metabolic requirements rather than reduced capacity for regional substrate delivery. These data serve as a normative baseline for comparison studies of rCBV vascular reserve in aging persons with various cerebrovascular disorders.
Design of a PID-type fractional dynamic matrix control

The inherent characteristics of processes in practice can be more precisely described by the fractional order differential equations because of the arbitrary orders and the distinctive memory feature of fractional order calculus. In this paper, a fractional order PID-type dynamic matrix controller is designed for a class of fractional order linear single input and single output systems. The approximate model of the fractional order system is obtained by the Oustaloup approximation method firstly. Then the PID operator is introduced to the traditional DMC control. This results in an improved DMC method utilized to control the fractional order system. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the control performance of the proposed approach. The results show that the designed controller has better tracking performance and stronger anti-interference performance.
Priming of supernatural agent concepts and agency detection

In evolutionary approaches to religion it is argued that belief in supernatural agents is strongly related to a perceptual bias to over-detect the presence of agents in the environment. We report five experiments that investigate whether processing concepts about supernatural agents facilitates agency detection. Participants were presented with point-light stimuli representing unscrambled or scrambled biological motion, or with pictures of unscrambled or scrambled faces, embedded in a noise mask. Participants were required to indicate for each stimulus whether it represented a human agent or not. Each trial was preceded by a supernatural agent prime, a human agent prime, or an animal prime. Our results showed that primes referring to humans facilitated the detection of agency. More importantly, however, results did not reveal a general effect of supernatural priming on agency detection. In three experiments, a moderating effect of religiosity was observed: supernatural agent primes had a differential effect for religious compared to non-religious participants on agency detection biases and the speed of responding to agent-like stimuli. These findings qualify the relation between supernatural beliefs and agency detection and suggest that when supernatural agent concepts have been acquired through cultural learning, these concepts can modulate agency-detection biases.