Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Sporting Events Using Softbots

A supervised softbot utilized for analyzing, segmenting, and properly classifying video clips pertaining to a wide variety of sporting events is presented. First, selected action scenes (i.e., training sequences) of a given sporting event are automatically segmented into real-world objects representing the participants of the activity. These objects correspond to the players, the playing field (or court) and required equipment used within the event. The most active regions are manually selected and represent the training objects. Color and texture features are then extracted from each of the training objects tracked across several frames of the training sequence. An algorithm that matches features between objects in the training video and objects in all other sequences (within the same video) is performed and subsequently classifies the sequence as a candidate sporting sequence. Motion data is integrated into classification algorithm and provides a key feature necessary for identifying the degree of activity of the sporting clip. Only sequences that exhibit the same degree of motion as the training sequence will be classified as an active sports scene. The softbot system is tested on a wide range of sporting events with results provided.
Luminol as a Probe to Assess Reactive Oxygen Species Production from Redox-Cycling Drugs in Cultured Hepatocytes

The use of chemilumigenic probes to monitor the production of chemically induced reactive oxygen species in situ has been hampered by commonly occurring interference of test compounds with radical intermediates of the probe and by the lack of suitable on-line detection systems. In this study we have explored the ability of the cell-permeable agent luminal to assess reactive oxygen species generated from redox-cycling compounds in cultured rat hepatocytes. Luminol-derived chemiluminescence was induced by exposure of hepatocytes to the 1,4-naphthoquinone drug menadione in a concentration-dependent manner. The luminescence signal was quantitated by integrating the light emission over time using a temperature-controlled luminescence plate reader. The signal was peroxidase-dependent and catalase-sensitive, indicating that extracellular hydrogen peroxide was detected. It was possible to rank a series of cytotoxic quinones according to their potential to undergo redox cycling. This assay includes rigorous controls for possible interference of quinone-containing compounds with light emission from the luminol reaction and for chemical quenching due to a reaction between the compound and a luminol radical intermediate. Taken together, this method, which we developed for use in multiwell plates, offers a fast and reliable tool for detecting the redox-cycling compound-derived production of reactive oxygen species in cultured hepatocytes.
Fusing Dynamic Percepts and Symbols in Cognitive Systems

A novel method for Bayesian tracking and generalized sensor fusion is proposed. The new approach is based on a localized histogram-like representation, the channel representation. The channel representation allows fusing continuous percepts and symbolic input, which enables the proposed scheme to implement perception-action loops with an additional control input. By connecting several such loops through actioncontrol links, a hierarchical network with flexible structure is generated. The novel tracking loops are validated in a simple experiment with real world data.
Kohn-Luttinger effect and the instability of a two-dimensional repulsive Fermi liquid at T=0.

We consider the possibility for a pairing in a two-dimensional (2D) repulsive Fermi liquid due to the singularity in the scattering amplitude \ensuremath{\Gamma}(q) at the momentum transfer q\ensuremath{\le}2${\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{F}}$ (Kohn-Luttinger effect). A common belief based on perturbative calculations up to second order in the s-wave scattering amplitude is that this effect is absent in two dimensions. I show that this is not the case. For an arbitrary Fermi liquid, \ensuremath{\Gamma}(q) is found to have a singular part, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}}^{\mathrm{sing}}$(q)\ensuremath{\sim} \ensuremath{\surd}1-${\mathit{q}}^{2}$/(2${\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{F}}$${)}^{2}$ , for q\ensuremath{\le}2${\mathit{p}}_{\mathit{F}}$. For large 2D orbital momentum l, this term gives a dominant attractive contribution to the scattering amplitude and leads to a pairing instability in a 2D Fermi liquid with arbitrary short-range repulsion. In the dilute limit, numerical studies show that the effect survives down to l=1 and gives rise to a p-wave pairing. The relevance of these results to experiments on $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ adsorbed on the free surface of $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ is discussed.
Cost-effectiveness of adult pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in the Netherlands

The Community-Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults (CAPiTA) demonstrated the efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in preventing vaccine-type community-acquired pneumonia and vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease in elderly subjects. We examined the cost-effectiveness of PCV13 vaccination in the Netherlands. Using a Markov-type model, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) of PCV13 vaccination in different age- and risk-groups for pneumococcal disease were evaluated using a societal perspective. Estimates of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), costs, vaccine efficacy and epidemiological data were based on the CAPiTA study and other prospective studies. The base-case was PCV13 vaccination of adults aged 65–74 years compared to no vaccination, assuming no net indirect effects in base-case due to paediatric 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use. Analyses for age- and risk-group specific vaccination strategies and for different levels of hypothetical herd effects from a paediatric PCV programme were also conducted. The ICER for base-case was €8650 per QALY (95% CI 5750–17 100). Vaccination of high-risk individuals aged 65–74 years was cost-saving and extension to medium-risk individuals aged 65–74 years yielded an ICER of €2900. Further extension to include medium- and high-risk individuals aged ≥18 years yielded an ICER of €3100. PCV13 vaccination is highly cost-effective in the Netherlands. The transferability of our results to other countries depends upon vaccination strategies already implemented in those countries. Vaccinating the elderly with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is highly cost-effective http://ow.ly/NVeui
IN VITRO HEPATIC DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD AND BONE MARROW CELLS

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether human umbilical cord blood (UCB) as well as bone marrow (BM) can generate hepatocyte lineage cells in a simple culture condition. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) separated from UCB and BM were cultured in the presence of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1, FGF-2, stem cell factor (SCF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). The cultured cells were analyzed for morphology and for the expression of mRNAs and/or proteins of hepatocyte lineage markers. Both the UCB and BM MNCs grown in the given culture condition yielded large, round cells that were adherent to the culture dishes. RT-PCR analysis showed that mRNAs of albumin (ALB), cytokeratin (CK)-18, and alpha-fetoprotein were expressed from day 7 in both the UCB- and BM-derived cells. Immunofluorescent staining showed that the large, round cells expressed not only ALB and CK-19 but also proliferating cell nuclear antigen, implying the proliferative potential of hepatocyte lineage cells. Therefore, UCB as well as BM can give rise to hepatocyte lineage cells in the simple culture condition with HGF, SCF, FGF-1, and FGF-2. These cells may be one of the potential candidates of cell sources for the cytotherapy of hepatic disease, although it remains to be determined if the hepatocyte lineage cells are derived from plastic hematopoietic stem cells or from liver stem cells that reside in UCB or BM.
Breast Care Is a Team Sport

To the Editor: Every 2 minutes a woman is diagnosed with a form of breast cancer in the United States; one woman in seven. Over the last 30 years the incidence has risen by 1% per year, each year. Breast cancer occurs more frequently than lung cancer, colon cancer, uterine cancer, and pancreatic cancer combined (1). Besides the increasing frequency, the size and stage of breast cancer has changed. Because of improved imaging, 29% of invasive breast cancers are 1.0 cm or less in size (2). Noninvasive cancers comprise 21% of new breast cancer cases (1). This profound change in presentation has led to a progressive decrease in the breast cancer death rate each year since 1992 (1). Along with these changes, the treatment of breast cancer has become more complex. Management requires imaging to direct surgical treatment. Pathologic evaluation (grade, size, histology, margins, receptors, oncogenes, etc.) determines the options of local and systemic treatment. The heterogeneity of breast cancer becomes much more important when dealing with cancers smaller than 1.5 cm. A variety of care providers will interact with the patient as this course progresses. As the size of breast cancer decreases, the complexity of decision making increases, as does the number of people involved with patient care.
Asynchronous Anytime Sequential Monte Carlo

We introduce a new sequential Monte Carlo algorithm we call the particle cascade. The particle cascade is an asynchronous, anytime alternative to traditional sequential Monte Carlo algorithms that is amenable to parallel and distributed implementations. It uses no barrier synchronizations which leads to improved particle throughput and memory efficiency. It is an anytime algorithm in the sense that it can be run forever to emit an unbounded number of particles while keeping within a fixed memory budget. We prove that the particle cascade provides an unbiased marginal likelihood estimator which can be straightforwardly plugged into existing pseudo-marginal methods.
Long-term prognostic value of resting heart rate in patients with suspected or proven coronary artery disease.

AIMS Heart rate reduction is the cornerstone of the treatment of angina. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value of heart rate in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed the relationship between resting heart rate at baseline and cardiovascular mortality/morbidity, while adjusting for risk factors. A total of 24 913 patients with suspected or proven CAD from the Coronary Artery Surgery Study registry were studied for a median follow-up of 14.7 years. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality and cardiovascular rehospitalizations were increased with increasing heart rate (P<0.0001). Patients with resting heart rate > or =83 bpm at baseline had a significantly higher risk for total mortality [hazard ratio (HR)=1.32, CI 1.19-1.47, P<0.0001] and cardiovascular mortality (HR=1.31, CI 1.15-1.48, P<0.0001) after adjustment for multiple clinical variables when compared with the reference group. When comparing patients with heart rates between 77-82 and > or =83 bpm with patients with a heart rate < or =62 bpm, the HR values for time to first cardiovascular rehospitalization were 1.11 and 1.14, respectively (P<0.001 for both). CONCLUSION Resting heart rate is a simple measurement with prognostic implications. High resting heart rate is a predictor for total and cardiovascular mortality independent of other risk factors in patients with CAD.
Multiple-Antenna Interference Channels With Real Interference Alignment and Receive Antenna Joint Processing Based on Simultaneous Diophantine Approximation

In this paper, the degrees of freedom (DoF) regions of constant coefficient multiple antenna interference channels are investigated. First, we consider a K-user Gaussian interference channel with Mk antennas at transmitter k, 1 ≤ k ≤ K, and Nj antennas at receiver j, 1 ≤ j ≤ K, denoted as a (K, [Mk], [Nj]) channel. Relying on a result of simultaneous Diophantine approximation, a real interference alignment scheme with joint receive antenna processing is developed. The scheme is used to obtain an achievable DoF region. The proposed DoF region includes two previously known results as special cases, namely: 1) the total DoF of (K, [N], [N]) interference channel with K users and N antennas at each node is NK/2 and 2) the total DoF of a (K, [M], [N]) channel is at least KMN/(M+N). We next explore constant-coefficient interference networks with K transmitters and J receivers, all having N antennas. Each transmitter emits an independent message and each receiver requests an arbitrary subset of the messages. Employing the novel joint receive antenna processing, the DoF region for this setup is obtained. We finally consider wireless X networks where each node is allowed to have an arbitrary number of antennas. It is shown that the joint receive antenna processing can be used to establish an achievable DoF region, which is larger than what is possible with antenna splitting. As a special case of the derived achievable DoF region for constant coefficient X network, the total DoF of wireless X networks with the same number of antennas at all nodes and with joint antenna processing is tight while the best inner bound based on antenna splitting cannot meet the outer bound. Finally, we obtain a DoF region outer bound based on the technique of transmitter grouping.
Overlapping factors in words

The concept of quasiperiodicity is a generalization of the notion of periodicity where in contrast to periodicity the quasiperiods of a quasiperiodic string may overlap. A lot of research has been concentrated around algorithms for the computation of quasiperiodicities in strings while not much is known about bounds on their maximum number of occurrences in words. We study the overlapping factors of a word as a means to provide more insight into quasiperiodic structures of words. We propose a linear time algorithm for the identification of all overlapping factors of a word, we investigate the appearance of overlapping factors in Fibonacci words and we provide some bounds on the maximum number of distinct overlapping factors in a word.
EXPERIMENTS ON CANCER-PRODUCING SUBSTANCES

at about 8200 C. was recorded. In the presenit paper further experiments oni the formation by leat of cancer-producing materials are described. The inine products tested were obtained from the following sources at, approximately, the tempemratures* stated: (1) acetylene (7000); (2) acetvlenec (800-9000); (3) Californ-iani petroleum (8800); (4) isoprene (7000); (5, 6, anid 7) Durhlam Holmside coal (4500, 5600, and 1,2500); (8) human skin (9200); (9) yeast (9200).
Software-based instruction caching for embedded processors

While hardware instruction caches are present in virtually all general-purpose and high-performance microprocessors today, many embedded processors use SRAM or scratchpad memories instead. These are simple array memory structures that are directly addressed and explicitly managed by software. Compared to hardware caches of the same data capacity, they are smaller, have shorter access times and consume less energy per access. Access times are also easier to predict with simple memories since there is no possibility of a "miss. " On the other hand, they are more difficult for the programmer to use since they are not automatically managed.In this paper, we present a software system that allows all or part of an SRAM or scratchpad memory to be automatically managed as a cache. This system provides the programming convenience of a cache for processors that lack dedicated caching hardware. It has been implemented for an actual processor and runs on real hardware. Our results show that a software-based instruction cache can be built that provides performance within 10% of a traditional hardware cache on many benchmarks while using a cheaper, simpler, SRAM memory. On these same benchmarks, energy consumption is up to 3% lower than it would be using a hardware cache.
A Biomechanical Comparison of Ipsilateral and Contralateral Pedicle Screw Placement for Modified Triangular Osteosynthesis in Unstable Pelvic Fractures

Objectives: Iliosacral fixation of unstable pelvic fractures does not produce enough stability to allow for immediate postoperative weight bearing. Triangular osteosynthesis creates additional resistance to vertical displacement and rotation. A disadvantage is the loss of the L5/S1 motion segment. We propose a modification of the standard triangular osteosynthesis construct in which the contralateral S1 pedicle is used. As the ipsilateral L5 pedicle is unavailable for fixation in a saw-bones composite pelvic model, we compared ipsilateral and contralateral S1 pedicle screw constructs. We hypothesized that ipsilateral and contralateral S1 pedicle screw constructs would demonstrate no difference in displacement or rotation. Methods: Seven saw bones pelvic models were tested. A 5-mm vertical fracture gap was created through the left sacrum while the pubic symphysis was completely dissociated. Each pelvis was tested sequentially in 4 triangular osteosynthesis configurations: ipsilateral S1 screw with anterior plate, contralateral S1 screw with anterior plate, contralateral S1 screw without anterior plate, and ipsilateral S1 screw without anterior plate. Specimens were cyclically loaded from 100–200 N at 0.25 Hz for 25 cycles and then loaded up to 300 N at 10 mm/min while displacement and rotation at the sacral and pubic fracture sites were measured. Results: There was no difference in any of the displacement measures between ipsilateral and contralateral constructs. When comparing rotation, the contralateral configuration experienced significantly less rotation than the ipsilateral configuration with and without the anterior plate applied. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the current model, contralateral S1 constructs for modified triangular osteosynthesis were biomechanically equal to ipsilateral constructs in preventing displacement and superior in preventing rotation.
Oscillatory Electric Potential on the Olfactory Epithelium Observed during the Breeding Migration Period in the Japanese Toad, Bufo japonicus

Abstract Japanese toad (Bufo japonicus) tracks the route to and from the breeding sites using the olfactory cues from the migration route and not from the destination (Ishii et al., 1995). We recorded a slow extracellular potential change (electro-olfactogram or EOG) evoked on the olfactory epithelium by applying an olfactory stimulus with an air stream. In September toads, only a simple typical EOG that is common in various vertebrate species was observed. Oscillatory potential changes (OSC) superimposed on the typical EOG were observed in the breeding season when studied throughout a year. There were no sexual differences in the occurrence and the amplitude of the OSC. Oscillatory potentials were observed also from the olfactory nerve of the brain. The OSC in the olfactory epithelium remained even after denervation. In addition, it was suggested that there are multiple sites of OSC initiation in the olfactory epithelium. These results suggest an intimate relationship between OSC appearance and the breeding migration in the toad.
Selection of 3D printer based on FAHP integrated with GRA-TOPSIS

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and select the suitable three-dimensional (3D) printers for centre of excellence of academic institution. The selection involves various conflicting criteria such as build volume, speed, layer thickness, extruder, machine cost and support material cost. In order to overcome this conflicting nature of the evaluation criteria, hybrid multi criteria decision making (MCDM) model is proposed. Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) is integrated with grey relational analysis (GRA) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) is proposed as a model to evaluate the suitable 3D printer. FAHP is used to define the weights of criteria and GRA-TOPSIS is used to attain the final ranking of 3D printers. In this study, ten 3D printer models and six evaluation criteria are considered for the evaluation process.
Efficient incremental analysis of on-chip power grid via sparse approximation

In this paper, a new sparse approximation technique is proposed for incremental power grid analysis. Our proposed method is motivated by the observation that when a power grid network is locally updated during circuit design, its response changes locally and, hence, the incremental “change” of the power grid voltage is almost zero at many internal nodes, resulting in a unique sparse pattern. An efficient Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) algorithm is adopted to solve the proposed sparse approximation problem. In addition, several numerical techniques are proposed to improve the numerical stability of the proposed solver, while simultaneously maintaining its high efficiency. Several industrial circuit examples demonstrate that when applied to incremental power grid analysis, our proposed approach achieves up to 130× runtime speed-up over the traditional Algebraic Multi-Grid (AMG) method, without surrendering any accuracy.
Anticipatory Role of High Density Lipoprotein and Endothelial Dysfunction: An Overview

High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) has been witnessed to possess a range of different functions that contribute to its atheroprotective effects. These functions are: the promotion of macrophage cholesterol efflux, reverse cholesterol transport, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-apoptotic, pro-fibrinolytic and anti-oxidative functions. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an HDL associated enzyme esterase/homocysteinethiolactonase that contributes to the anti-oxidant and anti-atherosclerotic capabilities of HDL. PON1 is directly involved in the etiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis through the modulation of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. The aim of this review is to summarize the role of HDL on endothelial homeostasis, and also to describe the recently characterized molecular pathways involved.
Exploring the “Psychometric Paradigm”: Comparisons Between Aggregate and Individual Analyses

The “psychometric paradigm” developed by Slovic, Fischhoff, and Lichtenstein was a landmark in research about public attitudes toward risks. One problem with this work, however, was that (at least initially) it did not attempt to distinguish between individuals or groups of people, except “experts” vs. “lay people. ” This paradigm produced a “cognitive map” of hazards, and the assumption seemed to be that the characteristics identified were inherent attributes of risk. This paper examines the validity of this assumption. A questionnaire survey similar to those designed by Slovic et al. was conducted, but the data were analyzed at both the aggregate level, using mean scores, and at the level of individuals (N= 131 Norwich residents). The results reported here demonstrate that (1) individuals vary in their perception of the same risk issue; (2) individuals vary in their rating of the same risk characteristics on the same risk issue; and (3) some of the strong intercorrelations observed between risk characteristics at the aggregate level are not supported when the same data are analysed at the level of individuals. Despite these findings, the relationship between risk characteristics and risk perceptions inferred by the psychometric paradigm did hold true at the level of individuals, for most—but not all—of the characteristics. In particular, the relationship between “lack of knowledge to those exposed” and risk perceptions appears to be a complex one, a finding which has important implications for risk communication strategies.