Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Building the interspace: the Illinois Digital Library Project

The University of Illinois is building a large-scale digital library testbed, planned to grow to thousands of users and thousands of documents, with the goal of bringing professional quality search and display to Internet information services. Concurrently, research is designing and implementing a prototype of the Interspace, a vision of what the Internet will evolve into where the distributed network of interconnected machines is replaced by a distributed space of interlinked information.
Social-emotional learning is essential to classroom management

Research tells us that children’s social-emotional development can propel learning. A new program, SECURe, embeds that research into classroom management strategies that improve teaching and learning. Across all classrooms and grade levels, four principles of effective management are constant: Effective classroom management is based in planning and preparation; is an extension of the quality of relationships in the room; is embedded in the school environment; and includes ongoing processes of observation and documentation.
Plural Policing and Democratic Governance

This article asks how we might best come to terms with - and seek to govern - the multiplicity of institutional forms that are now involved in the delivery of policing and security services and technologies. I begin by documenting briefly the network of providers that constitute the policing field locally, nationally and transnationally, before specifying how the fragmentation and pluralization of policing has called radically into doubt a number of received (liberal) suppositions about the relationship between police and government. I then attempt - drawing constructively yet critically on recent theorizations of governance and ‘governmentality’ - to make sense of some contemporary reconfigurations of policing within and beyond the state, and tease out their implications for questions of democratic legitimacy. Finally, I outline the contours of an institutional politics for the regulation of policing that is both normatively adequate to the task of connecting policing to processes of public will-formation and sociologically plausible under the altered conditions of plural, networked policing.
Towards supporting a healthy masculine sexuality: Utilising mainstream male health policy and masculinity theory

[Extract] Developing a positive and healthy sexuality is central to being human. For most of us, our sexuality and sexual health is a private matter, yet for people with intellectual and developmental disability privacy is often not an option as support is required in this area of life, as in many other areas. This requirement presents a real dilemma for many of these men and women, their paid and unpaid caregivers, disability services, and for society in general. Funded developments in mainstream women's health promotion since the 1970s have helped put the spotlight on the range of specifically gendered sexual issues for women with intellectual and developmental disability (e.g., Walsh & Heller, 2002). Even though Australia is the only country in the world with a funded male health policy, its publication in 2010 has not filtered through to throw an obvious focus on any health issue, sexual or otherwise, for men with intellectual and developmental disability, and there is no sign that this is likely to change in the near future.
A Knowledge-Based Consultant for Financial Marketing

This article describes an effort to develop a knowledge-based financial marketing consultant system. Financial marketing is an excellent vehicle for both research and application in artificial intelligence (AI). This domain differs from the great majority of previous expert system domains in that there are no well-defined answers (in traditional sense); the goal here is to obtain satisfactory arguments to support the conclusions made. A large OPS5-based system was implemented as an initial prototype. We present the organization and principles underlying this system and offer our ongoing research directions. The experience gained in the initial prototyping effort is currently being used to further expert systems research and to develop an extensive system that ultimately can be used by the marketing organization.
– Friends or Foes ?

Lindqvist, C. 2010. T Regulatory Cells – Friends or Foes? Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 576. 63 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 978-91-554-7843-8. T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been extensively studied in patients with cancer or autoimmunity. These cells hamper the immune system’s ability to clear tumor cells in cancer patients. In autoimmune diseases, on the other hand, they are not able to restrain autoreactive immune responses. If we manage to understand Tregs and their role in health and diseases we may be able to develop better immunomodulatory therapies. Early studies demonstrated that tolerance was maintained by a subset of CD25 T-cells. CD25 was the earliest marker for Tregs and is still often used to define these cells. Several Tregassociated markers have been suggested throughout the years. However, these markers can be upregulated by activated T-cells as well. The most specific marker for Tregs is currently the transcription factor forkhead box P3 (FoxP3). In this thesis, we investigated the presence of CD25 Tregs in patients with B-cell malignancies and in patients with autoimmunity. These cells were identified in both patient groups. Further, patients with B-cell malignancies often have high levels of soluble CD25 (sCD25) in the periphery. In our patient cohorts, the level of peripheral Tregs correlated with the level of sCD25 in patients with lymphoma. Tregs were shown to release sCD25 in vitro and sCD25 had a suppressive effect on T-cell proliferation. These data show that Tregs may release CD25 to hamper T-cell proliferation and that this may be an immune escape mechanism in cancer patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that an increased infiltration of FoxP3 cells into lymphoma-affected lymph nodes is associated with a better patient outcome. This is in contrast to studies from non-hematological cancers where an increased presence of Tregs is associated with a poor prognosis. Since previous studies have shown that Tregs are able to kill B-cells, we wanted to investigate if Tregs are cytotoxic in patients with B-cell tumors. In the subsequent studies, Tregs from patients with B-cell lymphoma and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were phenotyped to investigate the presence of cytotoxic markers on these cells. FoxP3expressing T-cells from both patients with CLL and B-cell lymphoma displayed signs of cytotoxicity by upregulation of FasL and the degranulation marker CD107a. Tregs from CLL patients could further kill their autologous B-cells in in vitro cultures. Taken together the studies in this thesis have demonstrated two possible new functions of Tregs in patients with B-cell malignancies and the presence of CD25 Tregs in both cancer and autoimmunity.
The occurrence of periodic or continuous discharge of carbon dioxide by male desert locusts (Schistocerca gregaria Forskål) measured by an infra-red gas analyser

Newly emerged adult Schistocerca discharge their CO2 periodically. This method of discharge helps to conserve water. Once they start to feed and when they have built up their fat reserve they discharge their CO2 as a continuous stream. Prior to death there is a return to the periodic method of discharge. During the process of ecdysis the quantity of CO2 produced is high but, as the locusts recover from the exertion of ecdysis, there is a decrease in the quantity of CO2 produced. This decrease continues until the adults start to feed when there is a sharp rise in their metabolic rate. This results in a rapid increase in the quantity of CO2 produced which reaches a maximal output on the 4th or 5th day. The quantity of CO2 produced starts to drop after the 5th day. There is also a rapid increase in weight after the adults start to feed. This reaches a peak on the 8th day and remains fairly constant until the 27th day when it also starts to drop. A high percentage of the increase in weight is due to a build up of fat reserve. The fat content of the body is closely related to colour change, sexual maturation and migration. As the locusts approach senescence the fat reserve drops rapidly.
Image-domain and data-domain waveform tomography: a case study

Wavefield-based tomographic methods are idoneous for recovering velocity models from seismic data. The use of wavefields rather than rays is more consistent with the bandlimited nature of seismic data. Image domain methods seek to improve the focusing in extended images, thus producing better seismic images. However, image domain methods produce low resolution models due to the fact that their objective functions are smooth, particularly in the vicinity of the global minimum. In contrast, data-domain methods produce high resolution models but su↵er from strong non-linearity causing cycle skipping if certain conditions are not met. By combining the characteristics of each method, we can obtain models that produce better images and contain high resolution features at the same time. We demonstrate a the workflow that combines both methods with an application to a broadband marine 2D dataset with a variable streamer depth.
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy calibration using calibration liquids with unknown permittivity

This paper presents a calibration method for broadband dielectric spectroscopy of micro-liter samples of biological liquids with transmission line sensors up to 110 GHz. The method uses water and methanol as calibration liquids to perform a probe-tip-to-liquid calibration without prior knowledge of their complex permittivity. Extracted complex permittivities of the calibration liquids show good agreement with literature values. Furthermore, sensors with different first-tier calibrations and geometries show consistent results.
Chronic renal allograft rejection: no response to mycophenolate mofetil.

BACKGROUND Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been previously shown to prevent functional deterioration in an experimental model of chronic renal allograft rejection. METHODS In this retrospective case-control study, patients with chronic rejection who were receiving cyclosporine or tacrolimus and who had MMF added to their immunosuppressive regimen were compared with patients with chronic rejection who were not receiving MMF. Patients were matched for serum creatinine levels and transplant duration at the time MMF was begun. RESULTS In the MMF group, the average dose of MMF was 1482 mg/day with an average duration of 19.3 months. Over 36 months, including 12 months before MMF and up to 24 months on MMF, there was no difference in serum creatinine levels between the two groups. Cyclosporine levels and dose were no different. CONCLUSIONS In this small, retrospective, preliminary study, adding MMF to maintenance immunosuppression provided no clear benefit to renal allograft recipients with established chronic rejection. Larger prospective randomized studies are needed.
The empirical and theoretical base of family therapy and multiple family day therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa

There is growing empirical evidence that family therapy is an effective treatment for anorexia nervosa, particularly in adolescence. This is in spite of the fact that the theoretical model from which most of the empirically based treatments are derived appears flawed. This paper provides a brief overview of the research evidence from treatment studies and studies of family functioning. It suggests that the main limitation of earlier theoretical models is their focus on aetiology rather than on an understanding of how families become organized around a potentially life-threatening problem. An alternative conceptual model is presented, and its application to family therapy and multiple-family therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa is described. The treatment approach focuses on enhancing the families' own adaptive mechanism and mobilizing family strengths.
On the Way to Ecologically Sustainable Economic Growth

The question has been posed by many social and natural scien tists as to whether, and for how long, the carrying capacity of our planet can withstand such "progress" as mankind has made in the last quarter- century. This article shows that limits are not so much in the area of physical factors, such as energy and resources, but rather in our ability to learn and to absorb the speed of technological change, both in psychological and in political terms. Thus the problems we are confronted with are neither of a purely physical nor of a purely economic nature. From a wider perspective, it becomes obvious that man is involved in three interrelated conflicts. He is (a) in conflict with nature (environment); (b) in conflict with his fellow men (war); and (c) in conflict with himself (identity between the inner and outer worlds). The factors influencing our chances to achieve a situation which is sustainable and socially acceptable, have at least three dimensions: (1) a dimension of evolutionary history; (2) a scien tific or technological dimension; and (3) an economic-political dimension. It is shown that the key positive factor in achieving any kind of sustain ability is knowledge and the key negative factor is further population growth. Hence, if we want to achieve a morally and materially sustainable future we must break the vicious circle of ongoing population growth, more poverty, fewer chances to learn, more violence, more population growth, and so on.
Variable retinal phenotypes caused by mutations in the X-linked photopigment gene array.

PURPOSE To examine the involvement of the long (L) and middle (M) wavelength-sensitive cone opsin genes in cone-dominated phenotypes. METHODS Clinical and molecular analyses included family history, color vision testing, full-field electroretinography (ERG), linkage analysis, and mutation detection. RESULTS Eighteen families were recruited that had X-linked retinal disease characterized by cone impairment in which affected males usually had nystagmus, reduced visual acuity, normal to subnormal rod ERG, and reduced or extinguished cone ERG responses. A search for mutations in the L-M pigment gene array revealed disease-causing mutations in six families. In two of them, novel mutations were identified: a large deletion affecting both opsin genes and a single L opsin gene harboring a likely pathogenic mutation, p.Val120Met. A third family carried a single hybrid gene with the p.Cys203Arg mutation. Patients from the three remaining families carried a single opsin gene harboring two similar rare haplotypes. Although the phenotype of members in one of the families was compatible with blue cone monochromacy (BCM), patients from the two other families, who shared an identical haplotype, had only reduced or even normal full-field cone ERGs, but maculopathy was evident. CONCLUSIONS Novel and known mutations affecting the L-M opsin gene array were identified in families with X-linked cone-dominated phenotypes. The results show that different mutations in this gene array can cause a variety of phenotypes, including BCM, cone dystrophy, and maculopathy. Males with X-linked cone-dominated diseases should be routinely analyzed for mutations in the L-M opsin gene array.
Palatability of Sous Vide Processed Chicken Breast 1 ' 2 ' 3

The influences of brine composition, internal temperature, heating rate, and storage periods up to 28 d on flavor, texture, and color of sous vide processed chicken breast were evaluated. Pectoralis major muscles containing water and sodium chloride, with or without sodium lactate, were browned and vacuum packaged. Sous vide processing was by fast or slow heating to an internal temperature of 77 or 94 C. Product was evaluated after 0, 14, and 28 d storage at 4 C. Quality was evaluated by gas chromatographic analyses of flavor volatiles, shear, color, and sensory panels. Incorporation of sodium lactate into brine did not influence oxidative stability (as measured by headspace gas chromatography) or sensory warmed-over flavor. Presence of sodium lactate did result in enhanced fresh roasted or meaty and saltiness sensory scores as well as a more yellow color. The more rapid heating rate decreased sulfur-containing compounds and did not influence other volatile concentrations. Products processed to 94 C were less juicy, less tender, and contained higher quantities of alcohols and hydrocarbons than those processed to 77 C. Storage resulted in a decline in fresh roasted or meaty flavor note and an increase in warmed-over flavor note and quantities of alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, hydrocarbons, and total headspace volatiles. (
Urotensin-II is present in pancreatic extracts and inhibits insulin release in the perfused rat pancreas.

OBJECTIVE Previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated that frog urotensin-II (UII), at a high concentration, inhibits glucose-induced insulin release in the rat pancreas. We have investigated the effect of rat UII and two structural analogs on insulin secretion and searched for the presence of UII-immunoreactivity in rat pancreatic extracts. METHODS The study was performed in the perfused rat pancreas. UII as well as its analogs were synthesized by solid phase methodology. Pancreatic extracts were analyzed for UII by reversed-phase HPLC combined with a sensitive UII RIA. RESULTS Infusion of synthetic rat UII inhibited glucose-induced insulin release in a dose-dependent manner (IC(50): 0.12 nmol/l). UII (1 nmol/l) also inhibited the insulin responses induced by carbachol, glucagon-like peptide-1, and a calcium channel agonist (BAY K 8644). The inhibitory effect of UII was mimicked by the potent G protein-coupled receptor (GPR14) agonist [3-iodo-Tyr(6)]UII(4-11). In contrast, [Ala(8)]UII(4-11), a UII analog devoid of contractile activity on rat aortic rings, did not affect glucose-induced insulin secretion. Analysis of rat pancreatic extracts revealed the presence of an immunoreactive peptide exhibiting the same retention time as synthetic rat UII. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that UII is a potent insulinostatic peptide. The observation that UII is actually present in the pancreas suggests that this peptide may play a physiological role in the control of insulin secretion. Concerning the two UII analogs tested, only [3-iodo-Tyr(6)]UII(4-11), reportedly possessing GPR14-mediated contractile activity, mimics the insulinostatic effect of UII. This finding would support the view that UII acts on the pancreatic beta cell through the GPR14 receptor.
A transdisciplinary approach to research on work and health: What is it, what could it contribute, and what are the challenges?

The past 15 years have seen a growing interest in transdisciplinary research approaches across academic disciplines. This approach is starting to infiltrate work and health research. Some suggest that a transdisciplinary approach may overcome some of the obstacles in understanding complex pathways between working conditions and health, and may overcome some of the barriers in translating research evidence into action. However, a greater understanding of exactly what transdisciplinary research is (and what it is not) is needed so that the term ‘transdisciplinary’ is not abused or misused. In this paper the author outline the key tenants of a transdisciplinary approach as it applies to research on work and health. He then outlines some of the challenges and benefits of engaging in such an approach across three broad areas: integrating academic disciplinary perspectives; partnering with non-academic groups; and moving research into sustainable solutions. It is hoped that on reading this paper researchers, research participants and funding bodies can weigh up the benefits and challenges of engaging in truly transdisciplinary approaches to different work and health research questions. It is suggested that a truly transdisciplinary approach has both considerable benefits and considerable challenges for the people involved. As such, a transdisciplinary approach might not be the best approach to every research question or situation.
Evaluating the Quality of Web-Mined Bilingual Sentence Pairs

We come up with the problem of evaluating the quality of bilingual sentence pairs mined from the web, which is critical for a wide range of applications such as statistical machine translation (SMT) and English as Second Language (ESL) learning. To address this problem, we propose a novel method that integrates multiple linguistic features related to spelling, grammar, alignment, and particularly the sentence type feature that indicates if a sentence can be parsed by the Link Grammar Parser (LGP). Promising results are achieved on a bilingual corpus of about 6 million English-Chinese sentences mined from the web, indicating the effectiveness of our proposed method.
The UN-Led Multilateral Institutional Response to Jihadist Terrorism: Is a Global Counterterrorism Body Needed?

This article first briefly outlines the current terrorist threat posed by militant Islamist radical terrorism and the complexity and evolving nature of threat. It highlights the lack of consensus in academic and policy communities regarding the underlying causes of this terrorism. It them posits that the overarching challenge in the next few years will be to maintain the broad-based international co-operation in the fight against terrorism that has existed since 11 September 2001, which is essential to address the threat effectively. Elements of this challenge include dispelling the notion that the US-led counterterrorism effort is targeting Islam and keeping the global South engaged. Durable, effective and flexible mechanisms are needed at the global, regional and national levels to ensure that multifaceted, holistic strategies are developed and implemented to address these issues. The article then outlines the current capacity of multilateral institutions to contribute to the fight against terrorism. The performance of the main UN counterterrorism bodies - led by the Security Council's different counterterrorism entities - as well as some of the key regional and functional ones, this article concludes, has been uneven. Different organisations have developed counterterrorism programs and units, but these have emerged from political reactions rather than strategic decisions with corresponding achievable technical objectives. The duplication of efforts, overlapping mandates and lack of co-ordination at the international, regional and sub-regional levels have limited the different bodies' overall contribution to the global non-military counterterrorism effort and have left many of the world's vulnerabilities to terrorism unaddressed. This article concludes that maintaining international co-operation and the focus on capacity-building and other non-military counterterrorism measures, as well as the need to address the proliferation of counterterrorism bodies, highlights the need for an effective multilateral body at the center of the effort. The UN Security Council's Counter-Terrorism Committee was supposed to be this body, but it has been unable to fulfill its broad mandate effectively. The article details the limitations of the current UN Security Council-led approach and the inherent, political, administrative and budgetary challenges of operating within the UN system that would make it difficult to co-ordinate global capacity-building efforts effectively. While it proposes a possible short-term improvement - the consolidation of the different parts of the Security Council counterterrorism program into as single body - in the end, it argues that a new international body dedicated to counterterrorism outside of, but perhaps related in some way to, the UN may be needed.