Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Motion Analysis Reveals Cell Directionality as an Indicator of Breast Cancer Progression

Cancer cells alter their migratory properties during tumor progression to invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant sites. However, it remains unclear how migratory behaviors differ between tumor cells of different malignancy and whether these migratory behaviors can be utilized to assess the malignant potential of tumor cells. Here, we analyzed the migratory behaviors of cell lines representing different stages of breast cancer progression using conventional migration assays or time-lapse imaging and particle image velocimetry (PIV) to capture migration dynamics. We find that the number of migrating cells in transwell assays, and the distance and speed of migration in unconstrained 2D assays, show no correlation with malignant potential. However, the directionality of cell motion during 2D migration nicely distinguishes benign and tumorigenic cell lines, with tumorigenic cell lines harboring less directed, more random motion. Furthermore, the migratory behaviors of epithelial sheets observed under basal conditions and in response to stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) or lysophosphatitic acid (LPA) are distinct for each cell line with regard to cell speed, directionality, and spatiotemporal motion patterns. Surprisingly, treatment with LPA promotes a more cohesive, directional sheet movement in lung colony forming MCF10CA1a cells compared to basal conditions or EGF stimulation, implying that the LPA signaling pathway may alter the invasive potential of MCF10CA1a cells. Together, our findings identify cell directionality as a promising indicator for assessing the tumorigenic potential of breast cancer cell lines and show that LPA induces more cohesive motility in a subset of metastatic breast cancer cells.
Shedding new light on opsin evolution

Opsin proteins are essential molecules in mediating the ability of animals to detect and use light for diverse biological functions. Therefore, understanding the evolutionary history of opsins is key to understanding the evolution of light detection and photoreception in animals. As genomic data have appeared and rapidly expanded in quantity, it has become possible to analyse opsins that functionally and histologically are less well characterized, and thus to examine opsin evolution strictly from a genetic perspective. We have incorporated these new data into a large-scale, genome-based analysis of opsin evolution. We use an extensive phylogeny of currently known opsin sequence diversity as a foundation for examining the evolutionary distributions of key functional features within the opsin clade. This new analysis illustrates the lability of opsin protein-expression patterns, site-specific functionality (i.e. counterion position) and G-protein binding interactions. Further, it demonstrates the limitations of current model organisms, and highlights the need for further characterization of many of the opsin sequence groups with unknown function.
On provenance minimization

Provenance information has been proved to be very effective in capturing the computational process performed by queries, and has been used extensively as the input to many advanced data management tools (e.g. view maintenance, trust assessment, or query answering in probabilistic databases). We study here the core of provenance information, namely the part of provenance that appears in the computation of every query equivalent to the given one. This provenance core is informative as it describes the part of the computational process that is inherent to the query. It is also useful as a compact input to the above mentioned data management tools. We study algorithms that, given a query, compute an equivalent query that realizes the core provenance for all tuples in its result. We study these algorithms for queries of varying expressive power. Finally, we observe that, in general, one would not want to require database systems to evaluate a specific query that realizes the core provenance, but instead to be able to find, possibly off-line, the core provenance of a given tuple in the output (computed by an arbitrary equivalent query), without rewriting the query. We provide algorithms for such direct computation of the core provenance.
Development, validation, and potential enhancements to the second‐generation operational aerosol product at the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

A revised (phase 2) single-channel algorithm for aerosol optical thickness, τSATA, retrieval over oceans from radiances in channel 1 (0.63 μm) of the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) has been implemented at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service for the NOAA 14 satellite launched December 30, 1994. It is based on careful validation of its operational predecessor (phase 1 algorithm), implemented for NOAA 11 in 1989. Both algorithms scale the upward satellite radiances in cloud-free conditions to aerosol optical thickness using an updated radiative transfer model of the ocean and atmosphere. Application of the phase 2 algorithm to three matchup Sun-photometer and satellite data sets, one with NOAA 9 in 1988 and two with NOAA 11 in 1989 and 1991, respectively, show systematic error is less than 10%, with a random error of στ≈0.04. First results of τSATA retrievals from NOAA 14 using the phase 2 algorithm, and from checking its internal consistency, are presented. The potential two-channel (phase 3) algorithm for the retrieval of an aerosol size parameter, such as the Junge size distribution exponent, by adding either channel 2 (0.83 μm) from the current AVHRR instrument, or a 1.6-μm channel to be available on the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission and the NOAA-KLM satellites by 1997 is under investigation. The possibility of using this additional information in the retrieval of a more accurate estimate of aerosol optical thickness is being explored.
ALGUNOS ESPOROMORFOS DEL TRIÁSICO DE ARGENTINA

In the present paper descriptions are given of 19 species of microspores included in 12 different genera. One of the latter and 15 of the former are proposed as new to science. They correspond only to trilete, monocolpate and bisaccate grains and they belong to the upper section of the Los Rastros Formation, Ischigualasto area, San Juan Province (Argentina). This formation is usually considered of Upper Triassic age (Norian ), Special attention is devoted to some monocolpate genera (Cycadopites, Entylissa, Lagenella, etc.) and emmendations which are thought to make thern useful are proposed. In view of the shortness of the profile and the relative scantiness of most of the species, no attempts are made to establish zonations or correlations with other areas.
Empirical Research on the Status Quo of Knowledge Management and Countermeasures in High-Star Hotels in China

As knowledge plays an irreplaceable role in the 21st century, knowledge management (KM) has drawn more and more attention from both scholars and entrepreneurs. KM of hotels is a key component of the system of management, which serves as the key to the competitive advantage in the upcoming competition. On the basis of 1051 valid questionnaires from 26 high-star hotels, this paper analyzed the status quo of KM and divided the prominent problems into three categories, including platform construction, organizational building and cultural construction. The conclusion drawn from the analysis is that there's still a lot of space for KM to get improved in hotel industry. Eventually, relevant suggestions were given to help managers take specific measures to get rid of bad influence of poor KM.
The Morphology of Vesicles of Higher Topological Genus: Conformal Degeneracy and Conformal Modes

The morphology of vesicles with topological genus g = 2 is studied using the properties of Willmore surfaces together with the conformal invariance of the bending energy of fluid membranes. In the phase diagram of the bilayer couple model, a region exists where vesicle shapes are given by Willmore surfaces. Within this region, shapes in general have no mirror symmetries and the ground state is conformally degenerate. The conformal modes which correspond to this degeneracy can be described as closed curves in a three-dimensional space. The existence of conformal modes leads to unusual shape fluctuations which correspond to a diffusion process in shape space called conformal diffusion. Additional regions exist in the phase diagram where the ground state is unique and vesicle shapes have two or more mirror planes. Conformal degeneracy and conformal diffusion also exist in the area-difference-elasticity model.
Chemical, Pasting and Sensory Properties of Whole Fermented Maize (Ogi) Fortified with Pigeon Pea Flour

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) blanched for 20min was dehulled and milled into flour. The flour was incorporated into dried whole fermented maize (Ogi) at five levels. The resultant products were analyzed for chemical and pasting properties. The fortified Ogi samples were also assessed for sensory attributes: appearance, color, flavor, mouth feel and overall acceptability. The protein content in the whole Ogi fortified samples was in the range of 11.2-16.6% and crude fibre 3.22-3.46%. Fortified whole Ogi with pigeon pea at 30%, 40% and 50% of inclusion with pigeon pea flour has higher protein, crude fibre and ash content. Varying range of pasting quality was recorded for the blends, pasting temperature for fortified Obi was in the range of 45.3-49.5C and peak time 5.05-5.21C. The sensory acceptability of the whole Ogi fortified blends prepared into gruel has higher acceptability for various qualities in comparison with the traditional Ogi gruel. Keywords—Maize Ogi, pigeon pea, chemical, pasting, sensory properties.
Detecting similarity of rational space curves

We provide an algorithm to check whether two rational space curves are related by a similarity. The algorithm exploits the relationship between the curvatures and torsions of two similar curves, which is formulated in a computer algebra setting. Helical curves, where curvature and torsion are proportional, need to be distinguished as a special case. The algorithm is easy to implement, as it involves only standard computer algebra techniques, such as greatest common divisors and resultants, and Gr\"obner basis for the special case of helical curves. Details on the implementation and experimentation carried out on the computer algebra system Maple 18 are provided. Timings show that the algorithm is efficient for moderate degrees.
An Evolutionary Approach to AdaptiveModel-Building yZhengjun Pan Lishan

Learning an input-output mapping from a set of examples can be regarded as a problem of model-building. From this point of view, by a hierarchical representation scheme for models, an evolutionary computational approach to model-building problems is proposed in this paper, which is based on the ideas from the evolution programs and the genetic programmings. The computer experiments indicate that it is surprisingly eeective in searching the optimal model for model-building problems. The problem of learning a mapping between an input and an output space is equivalent to the problem of estimating the system that transforms inputs into outputs given a set of examples of input-output pairs 8]. It is also equivalent to the problem of building a model to represent the system , which is called a model-building problem. Several classical approaches to this problem are data tting, regression analysis and approximation theory. These techniques usually deal with the problem of tting or approximating or interpolating a set of input-output pairs f(x i ; y i); x i 2 X; y i 2 Y g by a function (sometimes we call it a model) f(x; w) having a xed number of parameters w belonging to some set W (x and w are real vectors x = (x a choice of a speciic function f, the problem is then to nd the set of parameters w that provides the least discrepancy of the expected values ff(x i ; w)g from the observed values fy i g. Needless to say, it is very important to choose an appropriate model f(x; w) as well as possible, for the reason that it would be little point in trying to optimize the parameters w, if the chosen model f(x; w) could only give a very poor representation of f(x i ; y i)g, even f has optimal parameter values. However, it is usually an arduous work to choose an appropriate model f(x; w) as well as to nd the optimal values of the parameters w, especially when we do not grasp well the background of the original problem 5]. The newly developed artiicial neural network techniques also provide an alternative approach to the model-building problem. In order to make an artiicial neural network model to perform well, the network must have an appropriate structure, which includes the topology of nodes and
Seismotectonics of the Himalayan Collision Zone: Geometry of the underthrusting Indian Plate beneath the Himalaya

Fault plane solutions and well-determined focal depths of medium-sized earthquakes, topography, and Landsat imagery in conjunction with seismicity maps, cross sections, and available geological information are used to investigate the present tectonics of the Himalayan continental collision zone. Most of the accurately located epicenters of events along the Himalayan arc (78°E–95°E) that occurred between 1961 and 1981 are concentrated in a narrow zone, about 50 km wide, lying between the northerly dipping Main Boundary (MBT) and Main Central (MCT) thrusts. Most of these events are located just south of the MCT. Though the epicenters of the events are, in general, well located, their depths as determined by teleseismic travel time data are very unreliable. Events with accurately determined depths obtained from identification of surface-reflected phases define a simple, planar zone from about 10-km and 20-km depth, with an apparent dip of about 15°. This result is all the more remarkable considering that the events used were located along about an 1800-km length of the Himalyan arc. Except for one, all available focal mechanisms of events within this zone indicate shallow ( ≲30°), north dipping thrusts. This shallow, north dipping zone apparently defines a part of the detachment that separates the underthrusting Indian plate from the Lesser Himalayan crustal block. The spatial extent and the geometry of this interplate thrust zone strongly indicate that the MBT and nearby subsidiary surface and blind thrusts, rather than the MCT, are currently the most active structures of the Himalayan arc. We suggest that the great Himalayan earthquakes (M>8) occur along the same detachment surface as defined by the thrust-type, medium-sized events. Events located to the south of the MBT and beneath the Ganges foredeep show normal faulting with T axes perpendicular to the Himalayan trend. The above results suggest that the Indian continental plate is underthrusting the Himalayan crustal blocks in a relatively coherent and simple geometry and that this geometry is not much different from that observed along oceanic subduction zones. The November 19, 1980, earthquake that occurred near the MCT (near 88.5°E) shows a predominantly strike-slip focal mechanism. One of the nodal planes of this mechanism is transverse to the Himalayan structural grain, and moreover, this plane has a trend similar to that of the recently mapped Yadong-Gulu rift in the Tethyan Himalaya and in southern Tibet just northeast of the earthquake. We interpret this predominantly left-lateral, strike-slip mechanism to indicate a possible genetic relationship between transverse structural features in the Underthrusting Indian plate (the Kishangang basement fault) and the upper Himalayan blocks and Tibet.
THE INDUCED POLARIZATION METHOD IN ORE INVESTIGATION

The method of induced polarization is being more and more used for sulphide ore exploration. The purpose of the present paper is to show that the decay-time of the polarization curve represents a characteristic property of polarized media and consequently of various ores. The decay-times for various minerals, determined by laboratory measurements, are given in table form. Although the intervals of the decay-times partially overlap, the decay-time does to a certain degree supplement the data of induced polarization. Further, a method of interpretation in cases in which there is a superposition of the polarization effects of bodies with different decay-times, is discussed. Laboratory results as well as examples of field and bore hole measurements, in cases in which standard geophysical methods did not yield satisfactory results, are given.
EM703, A NEW DERIVATIVE OF ERYTHROMYCIN, INHIBITS TRANSFORMING GRWTH FACTOR-β SIGNALING IN HUMAN LUNG FIBROBLASTS

Long-term, low-dose macrolide therapy has been proven to improve survival in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis, although the mechanisms by which it does so remain unknown. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory effects of macrolides, the authors examined the effects of erythromycin (EM-A) and new derivative EM703 on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β /Smad signaling fibroblasts. EM-A and EM703 each inhibited fibroblast proliferation and the collagen production in human lung fibroblasts induced by TGF-β. EM-A and EM703 inhibited the augmentation of Smad3 mRNA induced by TGF-β. Smad7 mRNA was inhibited by TGF-β, but augmented by coincubation with EM-A or EM703. EM-A and EM703 each inhibited p-Smad2/3 proteins induced by TGF-β. Smad7 protein inhibited by TGF-β restored beyond basal level by EM-A and EM703. These findings suggest that EM-A and EM703 inhibit TGF-β signaling in human lung fibroblasts via inhibition of p-Smad2/3 through recovery of Smad7 level.
Three-dimensional unified geological model of the Milk River Transboundary Aquifer (Alberta, Canada – Montana, USA)

The Milk River Transboundary Aquifer (Canada–USA) has been so intensively used over the 20th century that concerns have risen about the durability of this resource since the mid-1950s. This aquifer actually corresponds to the middle Virgelle Member of the Upper Cretaceous Milk River Formation (called Eagle Formation in Montana). To assess the conditions needed for a sustainable use of the aquifer, a comprehensive and unified portrait of the aquifer is needed across its international boundary. The stratigraphic framework and geometry of geological units on both sides of the international border were thus unified in a 50 000 km2 three-dimensional (3D) geological model. The Virgelle Member is 0–60 m thick and it subcrops near the border and along both sides of the Sweetgrass Arch. It dips away from the subcrop areas in a semi-radial pattern. The Medicine Hat gas field hosted by the Alderson Member (Alberta), which is separated from the other members by a regional unconformity, and the Tiger Ridge gas field n.
Interactive collision detection

Collision detection and response can make a virtual-reality application seem more believable. Unfortunately, existing collision-detection algorithms are too slow for interactive use. The authors present a new algorithm that is not only fast but also interruptible, allowing an application to trade quality for more speed. The algorithm uses simple four-dimensional geometry to approximate motion, and sets of spheres to approximate three-dimensional surfaces. The algorithm allows a sample application to run five to seven times faster than it runs with existing algorithms. <<ETX>>
Vector model in support of versatile georeferenced video search

Increasingly geographic properties are being associated with videos, especially those captured from mobile cameras. The meta data from camera-attached sensors can be used to model the coverage area of the scene as a spatial object such that videos can be organized, indexed and searched based on their field of views (FOV). The most accurate representation of an FOV is through the geometric shape of a circular sector. However, spatial search and indexing methods are traditionally optimized for rectilinear shapes because of their simplicity. Established methods often use an approximation shape, such as a minimum bounding rectangle (MBR), to efficiently filter a large archive for possibly matching candidates. A second, refinement step is then applied to perform the time-consuming, precise matching function. MBR estimation has been successful for general spatial overlap queries, however it provides limited flexibility for georeferenced video search. In this study we propose a novel vector-based model for FOV estimation which provides a more versatile basis for georeferenced video search while providing competitive performance for the filter step. We demonstrate how the vector model can provide a unified method to perform traditional overlap queries while also enabling searches that, for example, concentrate on the vicinity of the camera's position or harness its view direction. To the best of our knowledge no comparable technique exists today.
Radiology: icon of medicine, avatar of change.

Years ago, education emphasized reading the classics as a way to learn from human experience and to learn critical thinking skills. Yet a recent survey showed that residents now prefer the Internet to books or journals as a source of information [5]. So I ask you, if your primary source is Google, if what you read is selected by a machine, will you think critically or have any of the wisdom of the ages? Would you even find the above ideas during your training? Let us focus on one classic. In September 1970, Russell Morgan [6] gave his Caldwell lecture titled “The Emergence of Radiology as a Major Influence in American Medicine. ” He said, “. few scientific discoveries in the history of mankind have generated scientific and public reaction so immediate and so great as Roentgen’s. ” Today, imaging is not just a major influence in medicine; it is now indispensable to all of medicine. Our studies Radiology: Icon of Medicine, Avatar of Change
Type XIII Collagen Strongly Affects Bone Formation in Transgenic Mice

To characterize the function of type XIII collagen, a transmembrane protein occurring at cell adhesion sites, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing it. High transgene expression was detected in cartilage and bone. The overexpression mice developed an unexpected skeletal phenotype marked by a massive increase in bone mass caused by increased bone formation rather than impaired resorption.
Correlation-Statistics-Based Spectrum Sensing Exploiting Energy and Polarization for Dual-Polarized Cognitive Radios

In this paper, we consider the problem of spectrum sensing in cognitive radios by exploiting Stokes subvector, which can completely describe energy and polarization information of the received vector signal captured by dual-polarized antennas. We first find that both component correlation between Stokes variables (i.e., the elements of Stokes subvector) and vector correlation between Stokes subvectors containing signal and noise are different from that of noise only with high probability. Therefore, two new blind detectors, namely, component-correlation-based energy-polarization detection (CCB-EPD) and vector-correlation-based energy-polarization detection (VCB-EPD), are proposed, respectively. The analysis results reveal that CCB-EPD and VCB-EPD are all constant false alarm rate detectors, and the VCB-EPD method achieves better performance than CCB-EPD when channel is low depolarized and vice versa. Simulations show that the proposed two methods exhibit better performances than other multiantenna-based detectors whether priori polarization information of primary user is known or not. We also show that the two proposed methods have performance improvement with respect to existing polarization-based detectors due to the exploitation of both energy and polarization information and the unaffectedness by noise uncertainty. The experimental results verify that the proposed two methods can satisfy the performance requirement specified by the IEEE 802.22 standard.