Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Interference from Large Clusters as Modeled by the Sum of Many Correlated Lognormals

We examine the statistical distribution of the interference produced by a cluster of very many co-channel interferers, e.g., a sensor network, or a city full of active wireless devices and access points. We consider an arbitrary statistical interferer layout and consider the interference as experienced at a given point outside (and not immediately near to) the interferer area. We model the paths as experiencing power law attenuation and lognormal correlated shadowing. It has been shown in literature that adding correlation to the shadowing model can give qualitatively different (and probably more realistic) results. Our results are mostly analytical, with a small amount of numerical integration required. Whereas simulations of very many correlated interferers are very computationally heavy, our method's complexity is independent of the number of interferers, and its precision in fact improves when increasing the number of terms.
Playing the mirror game with a humanoid: Probing the social aspects of switching interaction roles

Individuals can easily change interaction roles during everyday tasks, for example by shifting from following someone's lead, to leading the task themselves. We are interested in how these existing social experiences scale to human-robot interaction (HRI). How would robots change their interaction roles when working with people? Would changes in interaction roles pose a challenge unique to robots? In this paper, we propose a testbed for changing interaction roles in HRI based on a drama exercise known as the Mirror Game. The Mirror Game enables close collaboration between two individuals with each closely following the other's movements. Utilizing the Mirror Game with a large humanoid robot allowed us to examine people's reactions to changes in the humanoid interaction roles. We contribute: 1) the design of a human-robot interaction role-switching testbed based on the Mirror Game 2) a prototype of our testbed realized with Rethink Robotic's humanoid, Baxter, and 3) the results of a preliminary study examining people's reactions to the robot changing interaction roles to verify the design of the testbed.
Learning Adjective Meanings with a Tensor-Based Skip-Gram Model

We present a compositional distributional semantic model which is an implementation of the tensor-based framework of Coecke et al. (2011). It is an extended skipgram model (Mikolov et al., 2013) which we apply to adjective-noun combinations, learning nouns as vectors and adjectives as matrices. We also propose a novel measure of adjective similarity, and show that adjective matrix representations lead to improved performance in adjective and adjective-noun similarity tasks, as well as in the detection of semantically anomalous adjective-noun pairs.
Unsupervised Topic Hypergraph Hashing for Efficient Mobile Image Retrieval

Hashing compresses high-dimensional features into compact binary codes. It is one of the promising techniques to support efficient mobile image retrieval, due to its low data transmission cost and fast retrieval response. However, most of existing hashing strategies simply rely on low-level features. Thus, they may generate hashing codes with limited discriminative capability. Moreover, many of them fail to exploit complex and high-order semantic correlations that inherently exist among images. Motivated by these observations, we propose a novel unsupervised hashing scheme, called topic hypergraph hashing (THH), to address the limitations. THH effectively mitigates the semantic shortage of hashing codes by exploiting auxiliary texts around images. In our method, relations between images and semantic topics are first discovered via robust collective non-negative matrix factorization. Afterwards, a unified topic hypergraph, where images and topics are represented with independent vertices and hyperedges, respectively, is constructed to model inherent high-order semantic correlations of images. Finally, hashing codes and functions are learned by simultaneously enforcing semantic consistence and preserving the discovered semantic relations. Experiments on publicly available datasets demonstrate that THH can achieve superior performance compared with several state-of-the-art methods, and it is more suitable for mobile image retrieval.
Missing-in-metastasis and IRSp53 deform PI(4,5)P2-rich membranes by an inverse BAR domain–like mechanism

The actin cytoskeleton plays a fundamental role in various motile and morphogenetic processes involving membrane dynamics. We show that actin-binding proteins MIM (missing-in-metastasis) and IRSp53 directly bind PI(4,5)P(2)-rich membranes and deform them into tubular structures. This activity resides in the N-terminal IRSp53/MIM domain (IMD) of these proteins, which is structurally related to membrane-tubulating BAR (Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs) domains. We found that because of a difference in the geometry of the PI(4,5)P(2)-binding site, IMDs induce a membrane curvature opposite that of BAR domains and deform membranes by binding to the interior of the tubule. This explains why IMD proteins induce plasma membrane protrusions rather than invaginations. We also provide evidence that the membrane-deforming activity of IMDs, instead of the previously proposed F-actin-bundling or GTPase-binding activities, is critical for the induction of the filopodia/microspikes in cultured mammalian cells. Together, these data reveal that interplay between actin dynamics and a novel membrane-deformation activity promotes cell motility and morphogenesis.
Academic Careers from a European Perspective: The Declining Desirability of the Faculty Position

This study describes and analyzes the developments and state of the art with respect to the academic career in a number of European countries (The Netherlands, Germany, United Kingdom, and Sweden). It focuses on the position of PhD students and 'advanced' academics. In the comparative analysis we discuss the common developments, policies, problems, and possible solutions.
A New Class of Mirrors for Wide-Angle Imaging

Conventional mirrors for panoramic imaging usually capture circular images. As these images are difficult to interpret visually, they are often remapped digitally into a rectangular image in which one axis represents azimuth and the other elevation. This paper describes a class of mirrors that perform the capture as well as the remapping, thus eliminating the need for computational resources. They provide uniform resolution in azimuth and elevation, and can be designed to make full use of a camera's imaging surface.
On the Classification of Emotional Biosignals Evoked While Viewing Affective Pictures: An Integrated Data-Mining-Based Approach for Healthcare Applications

Recent neuroscience findings demonstrate the fundamental role of emotion in the maintenance of physical and mental health. In the present study, a novel architecture is proposed for the robust discrimination of emotional physiological signals evoked upon viewing pictures selected from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Biosignals are multichannel recordings from both the central and the autonomic nervous systems. Following the bidirectional emotion theory model, IAPS pictures are rated along two dimensions, namely, their valence and arousal. Following this model, biosignals in this paper are initially differentiated according to their valence dimension by means of a data mining approach, which is the C4.5 decision tree algorithm. Then, the valence and the gender information serve as an input to a Mahalanobis distance classifier, which dissects the data into high and low arousing. Results are described in Extensible Markup Language (XML) format, thereby accounting for platform independency, easy interconnectivity, and information exchange. The average recognition (success) rate was 77.68% for the discrimination of four emotional states, differing both in their arousal and valence dimension. It is, therefore, envisaged that the proposed approach holds promise for the efficient discrimination of negative and positive emotions, and it is hereby discussed how future developments may be steered to serve for affective healthcare applications, such as the monitoring of the elderly or chronically ill people.
Active control of underwater installation

An augmented impedance control scheme is proposed together with passive heave compensation to achieve higher operability on offshore underwater installation. The dynamics of the controller, the crane, the water surface in the moonpool, and a detailed mathematical model of the hydrodynamic loads and load effects on the object hitting the water surface and proceeding through the splash zone are included. Stability of the controller is proven, and simulation results with relevant full-scale parameters are included.
Stator Voltage Vector Direct Torque Control of induction machine

This paper presents improved high speed Induction Motor (IM) torque control algorithm that achieves full inverter voltage utilization in field weakening and smooth speed transition from the base speed to high speed region. The Stator Voltage Vector Direct Torque Control (SVV DTC) algorithm simultaneously controls IM torque and rotor flux by regulating stator voltage angle and amplitude in the base speed region, and by regulating only the voltage angle in the field weakening region. Fast torque dynamics is obtained in wide speed range by using torque regulator with variable gain. The main benefit from the proposed algorithm is in field weakening range, in which the machine is supplied by maximal available voltage without outer flux trajectory reference. This approach enables full utilisation of both magnetic material of the machine and power capabilities of the inverter, which is not possible with traditional vector drives with current regulators. Transition from base speed region to field weakening is obtained by simply limiting the output voltage. Experimental results gathered on the high speed low cost IM drive confirm the effectiveness of the proposed SVV DTC approach.
Computer-Aided Breast Cancer Detection Using Mammograms: A Review

The American Cancer Society (ACS) recommends women aged 40 and above to have a mammogram every year and calls it a gold standard for breast cancer detection. Early detection of breast cancer can improve survival rates to a great extent. Inter-observer and intra-observer errors occur frequently in analysis of medical images, given the high variability between interpretations of different radiologists. Also, the sensitivity of mammographic screening varies with image quality and expertise of the radiologist. So, there is no golden standard for the screening process. To offset this variability and to standardize the diagnostic procedures, efforts are being made to develop automated techniques for diagnosis and grading of breast cancer images. A few papers have documented the general trend of computer-aided diagnosis of breast cancer, making a broad study of the several techniques involved. But, there is no definitive documentation focusing on the mathematical techniques used in breast cancer detection. This review aims at providing an overview about recent advances and developments in the field of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) of breast cancer using mammograms, specifically focusing on the mathematical aspects of the same, aiming to act as a mathematical primer for intermediates and experts in the field.
Phonemic Analysis and Reading Development: Some Current Issues.

The first paper published in the Journal of Research in Reading on the topic of phonological awareness (Schreuder & van Bon, 1989) appeared some fifteen years after the seminal paper by Liberman, Shankweiler, Fischer and Carter (1974), which had demonstrated that there was a relationship between spoken word segmentation ability and reading acquisition. That the field had moved on in those fifteen years is evident in the sophistication of the questions addressed by Schreuder and van Bon. I present here a brief summary of Schreuder and van Bon's paper, and explore how some of the issues they discuss have been developed over the subsequent fifteen years.
Exploiting satisfiability modulo theories for analog layout automation

This paper explores the use of Satisfiability Modulo Theories to handle mirror symmetry and common-centroid analog layout placement constraints. The proposed system reads the constraints and generates the corresponding equations or inequalities needed for Microsoft Z3 solver. These inequalities are resolved using quantifier free nonlinear real arithmetic theory. This theory has doubly exponential complexity in the worst case and it guarantees generating a solution if one exists. The proposed system produces multiple layouts that satisfy the constraints and allows the designer to choose the appropriate one according to designer's experience.
Liraglutide suppresses obesity and induces brown fat-like phenotype via Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase mediated pathway in vivo and in vitro

Strategies for driving white adipose tissue (WAT) to acquire brown-like characteristics are a promising approach to reduce obesity. Liraglutide has been reported to active brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and WAT browning by rapid intracerebroventricular injection in mice. In this study, we investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of liraglutide on WAT browning by chronic treatment. Here, we show that liraglutide significantly decreases body weight of mice and reduces the size of white adipocytes. By quantity polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting analysis, cell immunofluorescence or immunocytochemical staining, we found liraglutide induced WAT browning because it up-regulated lipolytic activity, BAT, as well as mitochondrial marker genes in inguinal and peripheral renal WAT. We also confirmed liraglutide induced browning of 3T3-L1 because it enhanced expression of BAT and mitochondrial specific genes. In further, we observed that, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) and protein kinase G I (PKGI) were up-regulated by liraglutide in vivo and in vitro; stimulation of sGC elevated expression of BAT markers and PKGI, which suggested that liraglutide induced WAT browning via sGC-dependent pathway. Taken together, this study expands our knowledge on the mechanism of liraglutide inducing WAT browning, and provides a theoretical support for clinical usage of liraglutide on obesity treatment.
Development of a simplified version of the multiple errands test for use in hospital settings

Problems with executive functioning may have catastrophic consequences following brain injury. Valid neuropsychological assessment procedures are required if the nature and extent of these are to be understood. However, some existing measures do not adequately reflect how executive impairments are manifested in the context of everyday functioning. Shallice and Burgess (1991) described one procedure, the Multiple Errands Test (MET), which did attain this goal. While successful, it was designed for people who performed within or above the normal range when tested using existing psychometric measures: however, it is acknowledged that many patients seen in routine clinical practice perform below normal limits. Furthermore, while the procedure was carried out in a public place a range of constraints may prevent this with some patients. In this paper the utility of a simplified MET designed for use within a hospital environment is explored. Twenty neurologically healthy participants and 20 people with acquired brain injury took part. People with acquired brain injury were clearly discriminated from healthy controls through the number of errors made. Furthermore, one category of error proved highly predictive of difficulties attributable to executive dysfunction observed in the context of everyday living. While one other test correlated almost as well with these difficulties, it was argued that MET methodology is more advantageous to clinicians regarding assessment and rehabilitation.
A Study of Salary Constraints in Estonian University Libraries

This article examines salary conditions among the staff of Estonian university libraries. Previous research has shown that academic librarians are not always satisfied with their salaries, whether in developing or developed countries. The data used in this paper are based on a review of relevant literature and on the results of the original online survey created by the paper’s authors and administered in 2011/2012 in Estonian university libraries. The results are interpreted in the light of the literature, the legislation of Estonia, and the authors’ opinions, which are based on long-term working experience in Estonian academic libraries. The study concludes that the biggest challenge today for Estonian university libraries is salary: it is critical that these libraries increase their employees’ salary and thereby improve their economic status. We hope that the issues raised by this research will be helpful not only for library managers but also for library employees generally.
Dietary supplementation with n‐3 fatty acids suppresses interleukin‐2 production and mononuclear cell proliferation

We studied the in vitro production of interleukin‐2 in nine healthy volunteers who added 18 g/day of fish‐oil concentrate rich in n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to their normal Western diet for a period of 6 weeks. Interleukin‐2 synthesis from stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear ceils was suppressed from 6.2 ng/ml at baseline to 2.2 ng/ml 10 weeks after the end of n‐3 fatty acid supplementation (65% decrease; P ‐ .04). At the same time phytohemagglutinin‐induced proliferation of mononuclear cells was suppressed by 70% from the presupplement level. Interleukin‐2 production returned to the premedication level at the end of the studies. The results suggest that the effect of dietary n‐3 fatty acids in some diseases may be mediated in part by decreased production of interleukin‐2 and decreased mononuclear cell proliferation.
Swanet: a Novel Self-routed Wavelength-addressable Optical Switching Network 1

In this paper, we introduce a novel self-routed wavelength-addressable switching network (SWANET) that provides wavelength-transparent optical data paths between end-points, conng-ured by wavelength-coded optical signals. The network is based on a new scheme for encoding destination addresses using a sequence of wavelengths. This allows large networks to be constructed using a moderate number of available wavelengths. The multistage switch architecture may be used either as a circuit switch or as a packet switch. We analyze the eeect of wavelength inaccuracies on the misrouting probability and show that our addressing scheme provides a much higher tolerance to wavelength variations in comparison to conventional wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM). We also analyze the eeect of ber dispersion on the transmission time of the header and evaluate the tradeoos involved in minimizing the header transmission time. Experimental results from a small prototype switch node are presented to establish the feasibility of the architecture. Performance results are also presented from simulations of a 256-port network in both circuit-switched and packet-switched modes of operation.
Oxidative Stress Is Associated with Neuroinflammation in Animal Models of HIV-1 Tat Neurotoxicity

HIV-1 trans-acting protein Tat, an essential protein for viral replication, is a key mediator of neurotoxicity. If Tat oxidant injury and neurotoxicity have been described, consequent neuroinflammation is less understood. Rat caudate-putamens (CPs) were challenged with Tat, with or without prior rSV40-delivered superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase. Tat injection caused oxidative stress. Administration of Tat in the CP induced an increase in numbers of Iba-1- and CD68-positive cells, as well as an infiltration of astrocytes. We also tested the effect of more protracted Tat exposure on neuroinflammation using an experimental model of chronic Tat exposure. SV(Tat): a recombinant SV40-derived gene transfer vector was inoculated into the rat CP, leading to chronic expression of Tat, oxidative stress, and ongoing apoptosis, mainly located in neurons. Intra-CP SV(Tat) injection induced an increase in microglia and astrocytes, suggesting that protracted Tat production increased neuroinflammation. SV(SOD1) or SV(GPx1) significantly reduced neuroinflammation following Tat administration into the CP. Thus, Tat-induced oxidative stress, CNS injury, neuron loss and inflammation may be mitigated by antioxidant gene delivery.
Mechanistic insights into the regulation of metabolic enzymes by acetylation

The activity of metabolic enzymes is controlled by three principle levels: the amount of enzyme, the catalytic activity, and the accessibility of substrates. Reversible lysine acetylation is emerging as a major regulatory mechanism in metabolism that is involved in all three levels of controlling metabolic enzymes and is altered frequently in human diseases. Acetylation rivals other common posttranslational modifications in cell regulation not only in the number of substrates it modifies, but also the variety of regulatory mechanisms it facilitates.
Uneven Environmental Management: A Canadian Comparative Political Ecology

Contemporary researchers of environmental management argue for community-based approaches in which local circumstances, skills, and concerns are respected. However, relying on local capacity opens up the possibility of establishing highly uneven management practices. The purpose of this paper is to explore the roots and effects of uneven environmental management. I develop a conceptual framework that identifies key elements of regional environmental-management regimes and then use it to compare experiences in two areas designated as Canadian biosphere reserves in 2000: Clayoquot Sound, BC, and Redberry Lake, SK. Analysis reveals that differences in property instruments and civic sectors affect the institutional capacity of each locality, opening the door for private forms of environmental governance in Redberry Lake. To explain how property instruments and civic actors operate, I illustrate how processes associated with property exchange, reterritorialization, valuation, and planning work together to produce a relatively robust and public regime at Clayoquot Sound and a more private form of stewardship at Redberry Lake. In consequence, uneven environmental-management practices may take root and reinforce social inequalities across the two regions.
OPTIMUM MULTIPLE COST CUMULANTS FOR PROTECTION OF CIVIL STRUCTURES

PCT No. PCT/EP96/03139 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 16, 1999 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 16, 1999 PCT Filed Jul. 17, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/06047 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 20, 1997A position-variable face-side clamping of a ring body between bearing legs with a screw bolt is to permit a central mounting of the screw bolt at reasonable cost. It must be possible to use especially profiled screw bolts for eccentric positions. For this purpose, the ring body and/or the bearing legs are provided with one oblong hole respectively which, on its longitudinal sides, has, in each case, at least two axially aligned, mutually opposite guide webs. In the case of oblong holes with only two guide webs on each longitudinal side, a centric mounting is possible by using a bolt with a cylindrical circumferential surface which can be received between the two guide webs. Eccentric offsets are permitted by the use of special formed bolts which have guide grooves assigned to the guide webs.