Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large Eddy Simulation (LES) Aplicado a un lecho fluidizado gas – sólido. Parte I: Reactor a escala de laboratorio

espanolLos reactores de lecho fluidizado son equipos utilizados en la industria de hidrocarburos, para procesos heterogeneos gas-solido, tanto cataliticos como no cataliticos. Las aplicaciones industriales mas importantes incluyen el cracking catalitico, combustion y/o gasificacion de carbon, biomasa y residuos solidos, entre otros. En este trabajo se estudia el comportamiento fluidodinamico gas-solido, usando tecnicas computaciones de Dinamica de Fluidos (CFD) en un lecho fluidizado a nivel laboratorio de 1 m de longitud y 5 cm de altura de lecho, se implemento la metodologia de Large Eddy simulation (LES) y mallas casi-uniformes construidas previo calculo de las micro escalas turbulentas. Las simulaciones fueron validadas con datos de la literatura, logrando describir el comportamiento de descenso de particulas (annulus) , sin necesidad de refinamiento cerca de la pared y mejorando el tiempo de computo en comparaciones con simulaciones realizadas usando RANS. EnglishThe fluidized bed reactors are commonly used in the petrochemical industry, with applications in catalytic and non-catalytic processes. An important use of this technology includes the catalytic cracking, as well as the gasification of coal, biomass and solid waste. This work studied the fluid dynamics inside a lab scale fluidized bed, which was 1 meter long with 5 cm bed height. The study was carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), including the use of Large Eddy Simulation methodology (LES), in addition to the use of a quasi-uniform computational grid, which was created before the micro scale turbulence calculation. Therefore, it was possible to describe the behavior of the particles at annulus of the unit, without the need of having a refined grid near the wall. This resulted in an improvement on the required calculation time compared to the simulations that use the RANS methodology. The simulation results showed good agreement with the data reported in literature.
Practice Developments in Budgeting: An Overview and Research Perspective

Practitioners in Europe and the U.S. recently have proposed two distinct approaches to address what they believe are shortcomings of traditional budgeting practices. One approach advocates improving the budgeting process and primarily focuses on the planning problems with budgeting. The other advocates abandoning the budget and primarily focuses on the performance evaluation problems with budgeting. This paper provides an overview and research perspective on these two recent developments. We discuss why practitioners have become dissatisfied with budgets, describe the two distinct approaches, place them in a research context, suggest insights that may aid the practitioners, and use the practitioner perspectives to identify fruitful areas for research.
PREDIKSI SELF-COMPASSION TERHADAP PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS PADA MAHASISWA YANG SEDANG MENYUSUN SKRIPSI

College students are required to complete their final thesis during their last year of study. While working on their thesis, students encounter various challenges such as finding a suitable title, limited reading sources, time constraints, and other obstacles. These challenges contribute to psychological distress among students. If students are unable to overcome distress, problems could arise, such as sleep difficulties, decreased self-esteem, neglect of self-care, and even suicidal tendencies. Hence, self-compassion is essential in overcoming psychological distress. Final year students require self-compassion to face their challenges and maintain emotional balance. This study aims to see the role of self-compassion in predicting psychological distress among final year students who are working on their thesis. The method used in this research is quantitative method. Convenience sampling was utilized to select a total of three hundred and eleven final year students for the study. Participants filled out the Self-Compassion Scale and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Data is then analyzed by simple linear regression model. Results show that self-compassion can significantly predict psychological distress in final year students working on their thesis. Further test results revealed that there is a significant negative correlation between the five aspects of self-compassion with psychological distress. The implications of this research suggests self-compassion can serve as a coping and emotional regulation strategy for final year students working on their thesis. As a result, mental health practitioners can develop interventions based on self-compassion tailored for those students.
Current-reported outcome domains in studies of adults with a focus on the treatment of tinnitus: protocol for a systematic review

Introduction In Europe alone, over 70 million people experience tinnitus. Despite its considerable socioeconomic relevance, progress in developing successful treatments has been limited. Clinical effectiveness is judged according to change in primary outcome measures, but because tinnitus is a subjective condition, the definition of outcomes is challenging and it remains unclear which distinct aspects of tinnitus (ie, ‘domains’) are most relevant for assessment. The development of a minimum outcome reporting standard would go a long way towards addressing these problems. In 2006, a consensus meeting recommended using 1 of 4 questionnaires for tinnitus severity as an outcome in clinical trials, in part because of availability in different language translations. Our initiative takes an approach motivated by clinimetrics, first by determining what to measure before seeking to determine how to measure it. Agreeing on the domains that contribute to tinnitus severity (ie, ‘what’) is the first step towards achieving a minimum outcome reporting standard for tinnitus that has been reached via a methodologically rigorous and transparent process. Methods and analysis Deciding what should be the core set of outcomes requires a great deal of discussion and so lends itself well to international effort. This protocol lays out the first-step methodology in defining a Core Domain Set for clinical trials of tinnitus by establishing existing knowledge and practice with respect to which outcome domains have been measured and which instruments used in recent registered and published clinical trials. Ethics and dissemination No ethical issues are foreseen. Findings will be reported at national and international ear, nose and throat (ENT) and audiology conferences and in a peer-reviewed journal, using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis) guidelines. Trial registration number The systematic review protocol is registered on PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews): CRD42015017525.
Synthesizing correlated RSS news articles based on a fuzzy equivalence relation

Purpose – Tens of thousands of news articles are posted online each day, covering topics from politics to science to current events. To better cope with this overwhelming volume of information, RSS (news) feeds are used to categorize newly posted articles. Nonetheless, most RSS users must filter through many articles within the same or different RSS feeds to locate articles pertaining to their particular interests. Due to the large number of news articles in individual RSS feeds, there is a need for further organizing articles to aid users in locating non‐redundant, informative, and related articles of interest quickly. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents a novel approach which uses the word‐correlation factors in a fuzzy set information retrieval model to: filter out redundant news articles from RSS feeds; shed less‐informative articles from the non‐redundant ones; and cluster the remaining informative articles according to the fuzzy equivalence classe.
On discovery of extremely low-dimensional clusters using semi-supervised projected clustering

Recent studies suggest that projected clusters with extremely low dimensionality exist in many real datasets. A number of projected clustering algorithms have been proposed in the past several years, but few can identify clusters with dimensionality lower than 10% of the total number of dimensions, which are commonly found in some real datasets such as gene expression profiles. In this paper we propose a new algorithm that can accurately identify projected clusters with relevant dimensions as few as 5% of the total number of dimensions. It makes use of a robust objective function that combines object clustering and dimension selection into a single optimization problem. The algorithm can also utilize domain knowledge in the form of labeled objects and labeled dimensions to improve its clustering accuracy. We believe this is the first semi-supervised projected clustering algorithm. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results show that by using a small amount of input knowledge, possibly covering only a portion of the underlying classes, the new algorithm can be further improved to accurately detect clusters with only 1% of the dimensions being relevant. The algorithm is also useful in getting a target set of clusters when there are multiple possible groupings of the objects.
On the Various Semantics of Similarity in Word Embedding Models

Finding similar words with the help of word embedding models, such as Google's Word2Vec or Glove, computed on large-scale digital libraries has yielded meaningful results in many cases. However, the underlying notion of similarity has remained ambiguous. In this paper, we examine when exactly similarity values in word embedding models are meaningful. To do so, we analyze the statistical distribution of similarity values systematically, conducting two series of experiments. The first one examines how the distribution of similarity values depends on the different embedding-model algorithms and parameters. The second one starts by showing that intuitive similarity thresholds do not exist. We then propose a method stating which similarity values actually are meaningful for a given embedding model. In more abstract terms, our insights give way to a better understanding of the notion of similarity in embedding models and to more reliable evaluations of such models.
Xanthohumol—A Miracle Molecule with Biological Activities: A Review of Biodegradable Polymeric Carriers and Naturally Derived Compounds for Its Delivery

Xanthohumol (Xn), a prenylated chalcone found in Hop (Humulus lupulus L.), has been shown to have potent anti-aging, diabetes, inflammation, microbial infection, and cancer properties. Unfortunately, this molecule has undesirable characteristics such as inadequate intake, low aqueous solubility, and a short half-life. To address these drawbacks, researchers have made numerous attempts to improve its absorption, solubility, and bioavailability. Polymeric drug delivery systems (PDDSs) have experienced significant development over the last two decades. Polymeric drug delivery is defined as a formulation or device that allows the introduction of a therapeutic substance into the body. Biodegradable and bioreducible polymers are the ideal choice for a variety of new DDSs. Xn formulations based on biodegradable polymers and naturally derived compounds could solve some of the major drawbacks of Xn-based drug delivery. In this regard, the primary concern of this study is on presenting innovative formulations for Xn delivery, such as nanoparticles (NPs), nanomicelles, nanoliposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and others, as well as the received in vitro and in vivo data. Furthermore, this work describes the chemistry and broad biological activity of Xn, which is particularly useful in modern drug technology as well as the cosmetics industry. It is also important to point out that the safety of using Xn, and its biotransformation, pharmacokinetics, and clinical applications, have been thoroughly explained in this review.
A Comparison of the Accuracy of Support Vector Machine and Naı̈ve Bayes Algorithms In Spam Classification

Four implementations of the Naı̈ve Bayes classification algorithm were compared to those of the four different kernels available in an implementation of a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The two algorithms (and the four versions of each) had their accuracy, speed and effectiveness compared against each other. The Naı̈ve Bayes implementation was done in Matlab, and all plots were created by the built in utilities in the Matlab program. The Support Vector Machine implementation used is the SVMLib application, and included are comparisons of the four available kernel choices.
Perceptual organization in ketamine users: preliminary evidence of deficits on night of drug use but not 3 days later

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonists such as ketamine can induce transient schizophrenia-like symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions in healthy voLunteers similar to those observed in patients with schizophrenia. Perceptual organization deficits have been documented in schizophrenia and are thought to be related to some symptoms associated with the illness. The current study was designed to determine whether people who repeatedly self-administer ketamine would also show deficits in perceptual organization. Using a psychophysically well-controlled measure of contour integration, we compared a group of recreational users (n = 16) to a group of poly-drug using controls (n = 16). Contour integration performance was measured on the night of drug use and 3 days later when drug free. The results showed that on the night of drug use, ketamine produced a dysfunction in contour integration however, this was not present 3 days Later when drug free. Levels of dissociation were also higher in ketamine users ony on the night of drug use. These preliminary data provide some support for the role of NMDA-receptor hypofunctioning in dysfunctional coordination of cognitive activity.
Cloning Human Beings

In February of this year two figures were added to our daily life. Dolly, a cloned sheep, and her maker, Scottish scientist Ian Wilmut, could be found in our newspapers, on our televisions, across the Internet, and in our conversations. What Wilmut had done was indeed new, if not fantastic. By transferring the nucleus of a somatic cell from an adult animal into an egg from which the nucleus had been removed, Wilmut successfully cloned a mammal—a technique that had never before succeeded.
ApoE Mimetic Peptide COG1410 Kills Mycobacterium smegmatis via Directly Interfering ClpC’s ATPase Activity

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) hold promise as alternatives to combat bacterial infections, addressing the urgent global threat of antibiotic resistance. COG1410, a synthetic peptide derived from apolipoprotein E, has exhibited potent antimicrobial properties against various bacterial strains, including Mycobacterium smegmatis. However, our study reveals a previously unknown resistance mechanism developed by M. smegmatis against COG1410 involving ClpC. Upon subjecting M. smegmatis to serial passages in the presence of sub-MIC COG1410, resistance emerged. The comparative genomic analysis identified a point mutation in ClpC (S437P), situated within its middle domain, which led to high resistance to COG1410 without compromising bacterial fitness. Complementation of ClpC in mutant restored bacterial sensitivity. In-depth analyses, including transcriptomic profiling and in vitro assays, uncovered that COG1410 interferes with ClpC at both transcriptional and functional levels. COG1410 not only stimulated the ATPase activity of ClpC but also enhanced the proteolytic activity of Clp protease. SPR analysis confirmed that COG1410 directly binds with ClpC. Surprisingly, the identified S437P mutation did not impact their binding affinity. This study sheds light on a unique resistance mechanism against AMPs in mycobacteria, highlighting the pivotal role of ClpC in this process. Unraveling the interplay between COG1410 and ClpC enriches our understanding of AMP-bacterial interactions, offering potential insights for developing innovative strategies to combat antibiotic resistance.
Biosecurity level assessment in commercial poultry farms of central Ethiopia

Proper biosecurity practice is crucial in poultry farming to reduce the risk of diseases. A study was conducted in Adama, Ada’a, and Lume districts, central Ethiopia, to assess the biosecurity measures of commercial poultry farms. A total of 51 farms were randomly selected, and their geographical locations were recorded using GPS devices. The biosecurity level of each farm was assessed using an observation checklist and a biosecurity score. The collected data were analyzed using Stata version 16 for binary data, and QGIS version 3.24. 1 was used to map the farms. The results of the study showed that the farms were located close together within 5 km square, 3 km square, and 6 km square areas in Ada’a, Lume, and Adama, respectively. The average distance among the farms was 933.8 meters. The majority of the farms were located within 100 meters of residential areas. Only 58.8% of the farms had adequate space between sheds; 60.8% did not have an adequate drainage system. Ninety-eight percent of the farms obtain chicken from certified breeding enterprises; 92.2% provide underground water for their chickens; 80.4% report frequent cleaning and disinfection of farms; and 82.4% disclose vehicle movement control. Nearly one-third (31.4%) of the farms practice isolation of sick birds but keep them within the same shed where healthy birds are kept. The assessment of biosecurity levels of the study farms revealed that 23.5% (n=12) of the farms had a good biosecurity score, while 76.5% (n=39) had a poor score. The biosecurity scores of the farms showed a statistically significant difference among the study districts (p=0.040), with the Lume district having higher biosecurity scores than Adama and Ada’a districts. The age of the farm owners was significantly associated with the biosecurity score (p=0.003); all farms (100%) owned by individuals aged 20 - 39 had good biosecurity scores, and 80% of those farms owned by individuals aged 40 - 59 had good biosecurity. Farms owned by individuals who have previous chicken-rearing experience had better biosecurity scores than those farms owned by non-experienced owners (p<0.001). Among the farms having professional consultants, 57.7% of them had good biosecurity scores, whereas only 12.0% of farms lacking professional consultants had good biosecurity scores (p=0.015). In conclusion, the study revealed that biosecurity measures were not adequately implemented in poultry farms in central Ethiopia. Farm owners, veterinarians, and livestock authorities must collaborate to implement biosecurity measures to minimize the risk of losses and public health.
Non-Invasive Evaluation of Hepatic Fibrosis: The Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Patients with Viral Hepatitis B or C

Purpose To compare the accuracy of magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) with that of aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) for estimating the stage of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Materials and Methods We retrospectively enrolled 160 patients with chronic hepatitis and 25 healthy living liver donors. Fibrosis stage (METAVIR, F0 to F4) was determined histopathologically for all patients. APRI was recorded at the time of histopathologic examination and liver stiffness values were measured on MRE quantitative stiffness maps. The cutoff values, sensitivity, and specificity of MRE and APRI for each fibrosis stage were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results MRE had a significantly greater area under the ROC curve than APRI score for discriminating among METAVIR stages F2-F4. Using a cutoff value of 2.80 kPa, MRE had a sensitivity of 94.4% and a specificity of 97.8% for detecting significant fibrosis (≥F2). There were no significant differences in fibrosis stage between patients with HBV and those with HCV infection. For ≥F2, the cutoffs were 2.47 kPa (100% sensitivity), 2.80 kP (maximum sum of sensitivity and specificity), and 3.70 kPa (100% specificity). Conclusions MRE is a more accurate modality than APRI for detecting significant fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV or HCV infection. Antiviral treatment should be considered in patients with liver stiffness values ≥ 2.8 kPa.
Personality and Dementia

Abstract Personality describes persistent human behavioral responses to broad classes of environmental stimuli. Change in personality may be an early sign of dementia. Our goal was to review scientific literature on the association between personality and dementia. Medline and Google Scholar searches were conducted for relevant articles, chapters, and books published since 1980. Search terms used included personality, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies. People with dementia commonly exhibit changes in personality that sometimes precede the other early clinical manifestations of the condition, such as cognitive impairment. Premorbid personality might be a determining factor so that caricature or exaggeration of original personality emerges as dementia progresses. Although it is generally accepted that these personality changes reflect the impact of progressive brain damage, there are several possible patterns of personality alterations with dementia. Early identification of personality modifications might assist with the timely diagnosis of dementia.
World Heritage and sustainable development

38 COM WHC-14/38.COM/5D Paris, 30 April 2014 Original: English UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Thirty-eighth Session Doha, Qatar 15 25 June 2014 Item 5 of the Provisional Agenda: Reports of the World Heritage Centre and the Advisory Bodies 5D.World Heritage and Sustainable Development
Utilização Do Sensor Airdas (Airborne Infrared Disaster Assessment System) no monitoramento de desflorestamentos no norte do estado do mato grosso - Brasil

This study has as objective to assess AIRDAS (Airborne Infrared Disaster Assessment System) sensor for the monitoring of deforestation in the northern area of Mato Grosso State, between the latitudes 10° and 12° south and longitudes 54° and 56° west, within the area known as deforestation arch. The results show that the main advantage of this sensor is the spatial resolution achieved, which allows the detection of highgreding areas, and several regeneration stages in previously exploited areas. It is concluded that AIRDAS sensor is efficient on deforestation monitoring, mainly in areas where there is a mix of exploitation methods.
Oxygen as a Virulence Determinant in Polymicrobial Infections

ABSTRACT Infections caused by multiple organisms, or polymicrobial infections, are likely more common than is broadly appreciated. Interaction among microbial communities (and with their host) can change the infection landscape by subverting immunity, providing nutrients and inhibiting competing microbes. Stacy et al. (A. Stacy, D. Fleming, R. J. Lamont, K. P. Rumbaugh, and M. Whiteley, mBio 7:e00782-16, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00782-16) described a novel mechanism that results in synergistic growth of oral microbes Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus gordonii. The authors used whole-genome fitness profiling by transposon sequencing (Tn-seq) to identify genes differentially required for growth in vitro versus in a mono- or coinfection in a thigh abscess model. They found that coinfection with S. gordonii allowed A. actinomycetemcomitans to shift from an anaerobic to an aerobic mode of growth. This shift involved the production of a terminal electron acceptor H2O2 by S. gordonii and increased A. actinomycetemcomitans persistence—an interaction termed “cross-respiration. ”