Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust Downlink Transmission Design in IRS-Assisted Cognitive Satellite and Terrestrial Networks

Cognitive satellite and terrestrial network (CSTN) is considered as a promising technology to provide ubiquitous connectivity for various users within wide-coverage. This paper proposes a robust downlink transmission scheme for multiple intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) assisted CSTN. Here, the satellite network adopts multigroup multicast transmission scheme to serve many earth stations, while the terrestrial network exploits space division multiple access and multi-IRS-enhanced non-orthogonal multiple access technology to communicate with many terrestrial users. By assuming that these two networks share the same frequency band having only the angular information based imperfect channel state information of each user, we formulate an optimization problem to minimize the total transmit power subject to the constraints of quality-of-service requirement for each user, per-antenna transmit power budgets of satellite and BS, and unit-modulus requirement for each reflecting element. To tackle this mathematically intractable problem, we then employ angular discretization together with the successive convex approximation method to obtain the active beamforming (BF) vectors of satellite and BS, the passive BF vector of IRS, and the power allocation coefficients. Moreover, we propose a generalized zero forcing BF and alternative optimization to obtain the suboptimal solutions of the optimization problem with low computational complexity. Finally, simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed two schemes over the benchmarks.
Power and Size analysis of Co-integration tests in Conditional Heteroskedascity: A Monte Carlo Simulation

This paper investigates the finite sample performance of power and size properties of several major co-integration tests using simulation analysis. These tests include; the co-integration Regression Durbin-Watson test (CRDW), Eagle-Granger test, Dicky Fuller unit root test with () statistics, Johansen likelihood ratio tests, and Phillips-Ouliaris test. Comparisons of tests are evaluated based on the proportion of rejects of the hypothesis of a no co-integration. This study answers the question of which co-integration test is better, particularly between the Eagle-Granger two-step test and the Johansen’s tests for co-integration, when the sets of parameters in models are persistence and spiky. The bivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH(1,1)) model with Gaussian innovations, is used in the data generating process (DGP). Our simulation results reveal that there is size distortion in the different co-integration test considered. The Eagle-Granger two-step test shows good robustness with respect to heteroskedasticity for the different sample sizes applied. However, the Johansen’s test for co-integration still proves to be powerful in capturing co-integration relationship, particularly for large sample when the co-integration innovations are Gaussian.
Analyzing single and multicomponent supercritical jets using volume-based and mass-based numerical approaches

The injections of cryogenic and non-cryogenic fluids in a supercritical environment, respectively, liquid N2 into gaseous N2 and n-dodecane into gaseous N2, are investigated. The two systems are analyzed under dynamic and thermal similarity (same reduced temperatures, reduced pressures, and Reynolds numbers) using the same simplified two-dimensional configuration for the totality of the simulations. This work contributes to provide insight into the interpretation of numerical studies on single- and multicomponent systems under supercritical conditions. A comprehensive comparison of the results obtained from two numerical approaches, based on the volume of fluid and on the homogeneous mixture assumption, making use of two distinct thermophysical and mixing rule frameworks, is presented. Results show very similar and consistent fluid mechanics and mass diffusion processes predicted by the two approaches, but different thermal behaviors for binary-species configurations. The two different mixing models are found to have the greatest impact on the temperature predictions. Also, isobaric–adiabatic mixing, which is obtained with the mass-based homogeneous approach, leads eventually to a larger extension of the predicted two-phase region. Such findings have large implications in energy systems operating at high pressure, where accurate local temperature predictions are crucial.
Local and global approaches to Friction Stir Welding

This paper deals with the numerical simulation of Friction Stir Welding (FSW) processes. FSW techniques are used in many industrial applications and particularly in the aeronautic and aerospace industries, where the quality of the joining is of essential importance. The analysis is focused either at global level, considering the full component to be jointed, or locally, studying more in detail the heat a§ected zone (HAZ). The analysis at global (structural component) level is performed deOning the problem in the Lagrangian setting while, at local level, an apropos kinematic framework which makes use of an e¢ cient combination of Lagrangian (pin), Eulerian (metal sheet) and ALE (stirring zone) descriptions for the di§erent computational sub-domains is introduced for the numerical modeling. As a result, the analysis can deal with complex (non-cylindrical) pin-shapes and the extremely large deformation of the material at the HAZ without requiring any remeshing or remapping tools. A fully coupled thermo-mechanical framework is proposed for the computational modeling of the FSW processes proposed both at local and global level. A staggered algorithm based on an isothermal fractional step method is introduced. To account for the isochoric behavior of the material when the temperature range is close to the melting point or due to the predominant deviatoric deformations induced by the visco-plastic response, a mixed Onite element technology is introduced. The Variational Multi Scale (VMS) method is used to circumvent the LBB stability condition allowing the use of linear/linear P1/P1 interpolations for displacement (or velocity, ALE/Eulerian formulation) and pressure Oelds, respectively. The same stabilization strategy is adopted to tackle the instabilities of the temperature Oeld, inherent characteristic of convective dominated problems (thermal analysis in ALE/Eulerian kinematic framework). At global level, the material behavior is characterized by a thermo-elasto- viscoplastic constitutive model. The analysis at local level is characterized by a rigid thermo-visco-plastic constitutive model. Di§erent thermally coupled (non-Newtonian) auid-like models as Norton-Ho§, Carreau or Sheppard-Wright, among others are tested. To better understand the material aow pattern in the stirring zone, a (Lagrangian based) particle tracing is carried out while post-processing FSW results. A coupling strategy between the analysis of the process zone nearby the pin-tool (local level analysis) and the simulation carried out for the entire structure to be welded (global level analysis) is implemented to accurately predict the temperature histories and, thereby, the residual stresses in FSW.
Incorporating a prognostic representation of marine nitrogen fixers into the global ocean biogeochemical model HAMOCC

Nitrogen (N2) fixation is a major source of bioavailable nitrogen to the euphotic zone, thereby exerting an important control on ocean biogeochemical cycling. This paper presents the incorporation of prognostic N2 fixers into the HAMburg Ocean Carbon Cycle model (HAMOCC), a component of the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI‐ESM). Growth dynamics of N2 fixers in the model are based on physiological characteristics of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. The applied temperature dependency confines diazotrophic growth and N2 fixation to the tropical and subtropical ocean roughly between 40°S and 40°N. Simulated large‐scale spatial patterns compare well with observations, and the global N2 fixation rate of 135.6 Tg N yr−1 is within the range of current estimates. The vertical distribution of N2 fixation also matches well the observations, with a major fraction of about 85% occurring in the upper 20 m. The observed seasonal variability at the stations BATS and ALOHA is reasonably reproduced, with highest fixation rates in northern summer/fall. Iron limitation was found to be an important factor in controlling the simulated distribution of N2 fixation, especially in the Pacific Ocean. The new model component considerably improves the representation of present‐day N2 fixation in HAMOCC. It provides the basis for further studies on the role of diazotrophs in global biogeochemical cycles, as well as on the response of N2 fixation to changing environmental conditions.
The relationship between media use and sports participation behavior: A meta-analysis

Objective The use of media profoundly affects people's sports participation behavior. Past research has presented mixed results on the relationship between media use and sports participation behaviors. Therefore, the relationship between media use and sports participation behavior should be revisited. Methods A meta-analysis of 17 independent studies from 12 literature was conducted to determine whether (a) media use positively influences sports participation behaviors, and (b) form of media, media measurement methods, study subjects, and culture moderated these relationships. Pearson's correlation was used to conduct a random-effects meta-analysis and examine the moderating effects. Results The results showed a positive correlation between media use and sports participation behaviors (r = 0.193, 95% CI = [0.047,0.329]). Traditional media showed stronger correlations and moderating effects than new media; however, the time variable (in media measurement methods) and primary and secondary school students (in study subjects) showed negative correlations between media use and sports participation behavior. The positive and moderating effects on this relationship were higher in Eastern cultures than in Western cultures. These results suggest that media use and sports participation behavior were positively correlated, moderated by the form of media, media measurement methods, study subjects, and culture within studies. Conclusions From the effect test results, a significant positive relationship was found between media use and sports participation behavior (both physical participation behavior and consumption behavior). The two were influenced by several moderating variables including the form of media, media measurement methods, study subjects, and culture, and the influence of media measurement methods was the greatest.
Non-Uniform Illumination Underwater Image Restoration via Illumination Channel Sparsity Prior

Underwater image quality is seriously degraded due to the insufficient light in water. Although artificial illumination can assist imaging, it often brings non-uniform illumination phenomenon. To this end, we develop an illumination channel sparsity prior (ICSP) guided variational framework for non-uniform illumination underwater image restoration. Technically, the illumination channel sparsity prior is built on the observation that the illumination channel of a uniform-light underwater image in HSI color space contains few pixels whose intensity is very low. Then according to the Retinex theory, we design a variational model with L0 norm term, constraint term, and gradient term, by integrating the proposed ICSP into an extended underwater image formation model. Such three regularizations are effective in enhancing the brightness, correcting color distortion, and revealing structures and fine-scale details. Meanwhile, we exploit a fast numerical algorithm on the base of the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to accelerate solving this optimization problem. We also collect a benchmark dataset, namely NUID that contains 925 real underwater images of different non-uniform illumination. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed method is effective in terms of qualitative and quantitative comparisons, ablation studies, convergence analysis, and applications. The code and dataset are available at https://github.com/Hou-Guojia/ICSP.
Study of a Monsoon Depression (I): Synoptic Structure@@@擾乱構造の総観解析

This is an observational study of a monsoon depression during its westward passage across India. We present a study based on available conventional radiosonde rawinsonde pilot balloon and commercial aircraft wind reports during August, 1968. Besides showing conventional analysis of the motion and thermal fields, we also show a number of vertical structure diagrams. The important findings of the observational study are that the horizontal scale of the depression is about 2000km, the vertical scale about 10km, its westward speed of motion about 5* longitude /day. The monsoon depression is an intense closed vortex that has horizontal wind speeds of about 10 to 15 mps and its closed circulation extends to about 9km in the vertical. A narrow vertical tube of cyclonic vorticity with a horizontal scale*1000km and extending up to 9km is a characteristic feature of this circulation. This depresson formed over the northern part of the Bay of Bengal and dissipated over the Arabian Sea. The vortex has a very well defined cold core in the lower troposphere and a warm core above 500mb. To the west of the cold core there exists a very intense warm core in the lower troposphere. The intense warm core is a consequence of advection of desert air by the storm circulation. Vertical motions show rising motion west of i.e., ahead of the trough line and descending motion to the rear. The westward motion of the monsoon depression is related to intense low level convergence in the region of the strongest ascending motion. In this region rainfall rates exceed 10cm/24 hrs during the passage of the disturbance. The analysis and observational structure derived in this study is examined in a second part of this paper, where the dynamics, energetics, and numerical prediction aspects are stressed.
Exclusive Particle Production in pp and pPb Collisions at CMS

Exclusive processes provide a useful method to study a broad range of high energy physics fields from gluon density evolutions to searches for new physics. Three measurements from the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment are reviewed. Exclusive π π production is studied in proton–proton collisions. Low-mass meson resonances are observed in the invariant mass distribution of pion pairs. The total exclusive π + π − cross-section is also measured in the p T ( π ) > 0 . 2 GeV, | y | < 2 region, yielding 26.5 ± 0.3 ( stat ) ± 5.0 ( syst ) ± 1.1 ( lumi ) μ b. The photoproduction of Y ( n S ) mesons is observed in ultraperipheral pPb collisions. The differential cross-sections are measured as a function of | t | and y. The comparison with previous measurements and theoretical models provides a better understanding of the gluon density evolution at low x values. Evidence for the γ γ → W + W − process is shown with a 3.7 σ observed significance. According to the results, limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings can be provided.
Attention to Diversity in Bilingual Education: Stakeholder Perceptions in a Bilingual Region

This study aims at showcasing educational stakeholders’ perspectives on catering for diversity in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) settings in Spain, specifically in the Valencian Region. This research, which is part of the ADiBE Project (Attention to Diversity in Bilingual Education), begins by depicting the main principles of CLIL and its deployment in Spain and the Valencian Community. Then, after framing the different studies conducted under the acronym ADiBE, the article presents the objectives, research design, sample, variables, instruments, procedure and statistical methodology of this study. Finally, the results are outlined in three steps: descriptive, within-cohort and across-cohort results in the five sections which have been canvassed: linguistic aspects, methodology and groupings, materials and resources, evaluation and teacher training and coordination. Consequently, this paper carves out a clear picture of how CLIL is being implemented in the Valencian Community, a traditionally bilingual region which is increasingly becoming multilingual.
Tuning thermal conductance of CNT interface junction via stretching and atomic bonding

In this work, various effects of stretching and bonding strength on the thermal transport at CNT junctions are comprehensively studied by classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The modeling is performed on a typical parallel-aligned junction formed by two single-walled (10, 10) CNTs. The overlap length is the first condition we studied and it is found that thermal conductance is significantly increased from 1.00 to 11.76 nW K−1 with overlap length from 0.982 to 6.877 nm. Surprisingly, the thermal conductance per unit overlap length is increased rather than a constant value. The van der Waals interaction in non-bonded CNTs has a positive correlation on thermal conductance, which means thermal conductance can be effectively enhanced by applied force in the inter-tube direction. In the axial direction, the applied force is an important condition to adjust thermal conductance at bonded junction. Results show that the thermal conductance for overlap length of 1.966 nm can be enhanced from 2.81 to 3.42 nW K−1 at the initial stage because of the combined squeezing force. However, as applied force approaches the breaking value, the atomic bonding at the junction is greatly weakened with a rapidly dropping thermal conductance from 3.42 to 1.88 nW K−1.
Traffic fatalities prediction using support vector machine with hybrid particle swarm optimization

Road traffic safety is essential, therefore in order to predict traffic fatalities effectively and promote the harmonious development of transportation, a traffic fatalities prediction model based on support vector machine is established in this paper. The selection of parameters greatly affects the prediction accuracy of support vector machine. Introducing particle swarm optimization can find the optimal parameters and improve the prediction accuracy of support vector machine by parameter optimization. However, standard particle swarm optimization is easy to trap into the local optimum, so that the best parameter solutions cannot be found. Therefore, the mutation operation of the genetic algorithm is introduced into particle swarm optimization, particle swarm with mutation optimization is generated. It expands the search space and makes parameter selection more accurate. This paper predicts fatalities of traffic accident using small samples and nonlinear data. The results show that compared with particle swarm with mutation optimization back propagation neural network prediction model, particle swarm optimization-support vector machine model, support vector machine, back propagation neural network, K Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), and Bayesian network, the prediction model of traffic fatalities based on particle swarm with mutation optimization-support vector machine has higher prediction precision and smaller errors. It is feasible and effective to use particle swarm with mutation optimization to optimize the parameters of support vector machine, and this model can predict the accident more accurately.
Digitalization and internationalization of SMEs: A Systematic Literature Review

Purpose — The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevailing trends in publications and investigate the literature derived from multiple studies concerning the impact of digitalization on SMEs and their internationalization process.Method — We employ the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology to identify and consolidate publication trends from various articles. The literature utilized in this study is sourced from the Scopus database. By referring to the PRISMA chart, a total of 33 literature works were selected for analysis using VOSviewer. In this research, we utilize bibliometric analysis to examine article trends and employ content analysis to assess the literature.Result — We discovered that there were 19 keywords representing the latest and seldom explored themes among researchers, which were organized into 5 clusters for further analysis within a research framework. Moreover, we identified new and infrequently studied themes such as effectuation, international performance, digital transformation, digital technologies, and export performance. Additionally, we uncovered novel research topics that have the potential to inspire future studies in related areas.Contribution — This study contributes by examining literature on digitalization and internationalization, identifying research trends and proposing future directions, especially for SMEs in Southeast Asian countries. It also introduces the rarely-used Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to examine the role of digitalization in internationalization, challenging the dominance of quantitative methods in prior research.
HYPOGLYCAEMIC AND HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS.

Aliu Hamel Oyindamola 1 , Anyasor Godswill Nduka 2 , Adaramola Feyisara Banji 1 , Aleshinloye Abimbola Ololade 1 and Onigbinde Adebayo Omotayo 1 . 1. Department of Basic Sciences, Chemistry Unit, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria. P.M. B. 21244 Ikeja Lagos Nigeria. 2. Department of Biochemistry, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, Babcock University, IlishanRemo, Ogun State, Nigeria. P.M. B. 21244 Ikeja Lagos Nigeria. Manuscript Info Abstract . Manuscript History
Lyophilization Based Isolation of Exosomes

Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles which regulate intercellular communication. They have great potential for application in nanomedicine. However, techniques for their isolation are limited by requirements for advanced instruments and costly reagents. In this study, we developed a lyophilization-based method for isolating exosomes from cultured cells. The isolated exosomes were characterized for protein content using Bradford assay, and for size distribution and shape using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nanoparticles tracking analysis (NTA). In addition, CD63, CD9, CD81, HSP70 and TSG101 were evaluated as essential exosomal surface markers using Western blot. Drug loading and release studies were performed to confirm their drug delivery properties using an in vitro model. Exosomes were also loaded with commercial dyes (Cy5, Eosin) for the evaluation of their drug delivery properties. All these characterizations confirmed successful exosome isolation with measurements of less than 150 nm, having a typical shape, and by expressing the known exosome surface protein markers. Finally, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (dasatinib and ponatinib) were loaded on the exosomes to evaluate their anticancer effects on leukemia cells (K562 and engineered Ba/F3-BCR-ABL) using MTT and Annexin-PI assays. The expression of MUC1 protein on the exosomes isolated from MCF-7 cells also indicated that their potential diagnostic properties were intact. In conclusion, we developed a new method for exosome isolation from cultured cells. These exosomes met all the essential requirements in terms of characterization, drug loading and release ability, and inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis induction in Ph+ leukemia cells. Based on these results, we are confident in presenting the lyophilization-based exosome isolation method as an alternative to traditional techniques for exosome isolation from cultured cells.