Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of risk prediction model of venous thromboembolism for patients with lung cancer

Abstract Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) increases the risk of death or adverse outcomes in patients with lung cancer. Therefore, early identification and treatment of high‐risk groups of VTE have been the research focus. In this systematic review, the risk assessment tools of VTE in patients with lung cancer were systematically analyzed and evaluated to provide a reference for VTE management. Methods Relevant studies were retrieved from major English databases (The Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Medline) and Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI] and WanFang Data) until July 2023 and extracted by two researchers. This systematic review was registered at PROSPERO (no. CRD42023409748). Results Finally, two prospective cohort studies and four retrospective cohort studies were included from 2019. There was a high risk of bias in all included studies according to the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment tool (PROBAST). In the included studies, Cox and logistic regression were used to construct models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the model ranged from 0.670 to 0.904, and the number of predictors ranged from 4 to 11. The D‐dimer index was included in five studies, but significant differences existed in optimal cutoff values from 0.0005 mg/L to 2.06 mg/L. Then, three studies validated the model externally, two studies only validated the model internally, and only one study validated the model using a combination of internal and external validation. Conclusion VTE risk prediction models for patients with lung cancer have received attention for no more than 5 years. The included model shows a good predictive effect and may help identify the risk population of VTE at an early stage. In the future, it is necessary to improve data modeling and statistical analysis methods, develop predictive models with good performance and low risk of bias, and focus on external validation and recalibration of models.
Chlorophyll Characterization of Three Mistletoes and the Chloroplast Ultrastructure within Aerial and Endophytic Tissues of Phoradendron Juniperinum

An abstract of the dissertation of Wesley Emanuel Dubbs for the Master of Science in Biology: presented June 2, 1994 Title: Chlorophyll Characterization of Three Mistletoes and the Chloroplast Ultrastructure within Aerial and Endophytic Tissues of Phoradendron juniperinum The aerial shoot pigments of three epiphytic mistletoes and their hosts were examined and the results were found to concur with earlier reports. Emphasis was placed on the mistletoe P horadendron juniperinum. Absorbance spectroscopy indicated a very similar ratio of pigments in both the aerial tissue of the mistletoe and its juniper host. Spectroscopic examination found the presence of chlorophyll in the endophytic tissue of the genus Phoradendron for the first time. Total chlorophyll concentrations of the endophytic tissue of Phoradendronjuniperinum were found to be approximately 10% that of aerial shoots. However, chlorophyll alb ratios of endophytic tissue were 40% of those in aerial tissue. The dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium tsugense was found to have about 1/3 the chi content of its host and of the two Phoradendron species examined. However, the endophytic concentrations of chlorophyll of A. tsugense were 250% higher than those found in compatible Phoradendron tissue. Ultrastructural inspection of Phoradendron juniperinum revealed chloroplasts of the aerial shoots to be typical of C3 plants, yet they were small and contained little relative stroma lamella. This is characteristic of plants with unequal complement of the two photosystems. Examination of the endophytic system indicated that the most likely source of the chlorophyll to be plastids with enlarged thylakoid channels. These plastids were termed endophytic-chloroplasts Experiments were performed to establish whether the synthesis of the chlorophyll within the endophytic system was via a light-independent pathway or by means of light penetration into mistletoe tissue and stimulation of the typical angiosperm light-dependent pathway. However, results as to the biosynthesis of chlorophyll were inconclusive. These experiments did indicate that chlorophyll was still present in endophytic tissue of Phoradendronjuniperinwn after 11 months without aerial shoots, whether enclosed in complete darkness or not. Microscopic examination of tissue did not revile the presence of any light conductive tissues in either the parasite or its host. 2
Role of Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 in Inflammation and Pathogen-Associated Interactions

Abstract Background Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is known as a major receptor for oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) and plays a significant role in the genesis of atherosclerosis. Recent research has shown its involvement in cancer, ischemic stroke, and diabetes. LOX-1 is a C-type lectin receptor and is involved in the activation of immune cells and inflammatory processes. It may further interact with pathogens, suggesting a role in infections or the host’s response. Summary This review compiles the current knowledge of potential implications of LOX-1 in inflammatory processes and in host-pathogen interactions with a particular emphasis on its regulatory role in immune responses. Also discussed are genomic and structural variations found in LOX-1 homologs across different species as well as potential involvements of LOX-1 in inflammatory processes from the angle of different cell types and organ-specific interactions. Key Messages The results presented reveal both similar and different structures in human and murine LOX-1 and provide clues as to the possible origins of different modes of interaction. These descriptions raise concerns about the suitability, particularly of mouse models, that are often used in the analysis of its functionality in humans. Further research should also aim to better understand the mostly unknown binding and interaction mechanisms between LOX-1 and different pathogens. This pursuit will not only enhance our understanding of LOX-1 involvement in inflammatory processes but also identify potential targets for immunomodulatory approaches.
BANANA AND PLANTAIN AS MEDICINAL FOOD

Indonesia is mega diversity country with 25.000-30.000 plant species has 6.000 species of medicinal plants [1]. One of potential plants to be explored as medicinal plants is banana. The plant family Musaceae, composed of bananas, plantains, and ornamental bananas, originally evolved in Southeast Asia and surrounding tropical and subtropical regions. More than 145 million tons of banana and plantain were produced worldwide in 2011 according to FAO estimates. Banana are grown in nearly 130 countries. In addition to fruit, bananas and plantains provide many cultures with medicines, beverages, fibers, edible floral parts, dyes, fuel, steam for cooking, cordage, wrapping materials, etc [2]. Bananas are among the world’s leading food crops, after rice, wheat and maize. Banana is dessert fruit that its edible part is pulpy, firm to tender, free from seeds or pips, and has a characteristic flavour. Plantain is a cooking banana subgroup. Plantain resemble banana but are longer in length, have a thicker skin, and contain more starch. Most dessert banana cultivars in the world are AA or AAA, this last group includes almost all the cultivars sold to export market. Cooking bananas, often named plantains, are mostly AAB, ABB, or BBB [3,4]. Banana and plantain are important staple foods in many developing countries, especially in Indonesia. Musa are rich in vitamin C, B6, minerals, and dietary fiber. They are also a rich energy source, with carbohydrates accounting for 22% and 32% of fruit weight for banana and plantain, respectively. People annually consume 28 kg of banana and plantain per capita, or 155 kg per year, or almost half of 1 kg per day. Four African countries have the highest per capita consumption of banana/plantain in the world, with Uganda having the highest [2]. Recent knowledge diet may modulate various functions in the body and may play detrimental or beneficial roles in some diseases. Foods are expanding from emphasis on survival, hunger satisfaction, and preventing adverse effects to emphasizing the use of foods to promote a state of well-being and better health and to help reduce the risk of disease. The study investigated the beneficial/healthy
Water Supply Source Evaluation in Unmanaged Aquifer Recharge Zones: The Mezquital Valley (Mexico) Case Study

The Mezquital Valley (MV) hosts the largest unmanaged aquifer recharge scheme in the world. The metropolitan area of Mexico City discharges ~60 m3/s of raw wastewater into the valley, a substantial share of which infiltrates into the regional aquifer. In this work, we aim to develop a comprehensive approach, adapted from oil and gas reservoir modeling frameworks, to assess water supply sources located downgradient from unmanaged aquifer recharge zones. The methodology is demonstrated through its application to the Mezquital Valley region. Geological, geoelectrical, petrophysical and hydraulic information is combined into a 3D subsurface model and used to evaluate downgradient supply sources. Although hydrogeochemical variables are yet to be assessed, outcomes suggest that the newly-found groundwater sources may provide a long-term solution for water supply. Piezometric analyses based on 25-year records suggest that the MV is close to steady-state conditions. Thus, unmanaged recharge seems to have been regulating the groundwater balance for the last decades. The transition from unmanaged to managed recharge is expected to provide benefits to the MV inhabitants. It will also be likely to generate new uncertainties in relation to aquifer dynamics and downgradient systems.
Proposed Auxiliary Boundary Stratigraphic Section and Point (ASSP) for the base of the Ordovician System at Lawson Cove, Utah, USA

The Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Ordovician System is at the First Appearance Datum (FAD) of the conodont Iapetognathus fluctivagus at Green Point in Newfoundland, Canada. Strata there are typical graptolitic facies that were deposited near the base of the continental slope. We propose establishing an Auxiliary boundary Stratotype Section and Point (ASSP) at the FAD of I. fluctivagus at the Lawson Cove section in the Ibex area of Millard County, Utah, USA. There, strata consist of typical shelly facies limestones that were deposited on a tropical carbonate platform and contain abundant conodonts, trilobites, brachiopods, and other fossil groups. Cambrian and Ordovician strata in this area are ~5300m thick, with the Lawson Cove section spanning 243m in three overlapping segments. Six other measured and studied sections in the area show stratigraphic relationships similar to those at Lawson Cove. Faunas have been used to divide these strata into 14 conodont and 7 trilobite zonal units. The widespread olenid trilobite Jujuyaspis occurs ~90cm above the proposed boundary at Lawson Cove; this genus is generally regarded as earliest Ordovician. Rhynchonelliform and linguliform brachiopods are common to abundant and are useful for correlation. The FAD of Iapetognathus fluctivagus and occurrences of Jujuyaspis and the Lower Ordovician planktonic graptolite Anisograptus matanensis all occur within a 2.4m interval of strata at a nearby section. Non-biological correlation tools include a detailed sequence stratigraphic classification and a detailed carbon-isotope profile. Especially useful for correlation is a positive δ13C excursion peak ~15cm below the proposed boundary horizon. All of these correlation tools form an integrated framework that makes the Lawson Cove section especially useful as an ASSP for global correlation of strata with faunas typical of shallow, warm-water, shelly facies.
The Long Road toward Excellence in Mexico: The Monterrey Institute of Technology

Following a trend common in other countries, in its recent history Mexico has aspired to develop some of its higher education institutions to the level of research-oriented peer universities of excellence. From a public sector standpoint, major efforts have been devoted to this pursuit by the National Autonomous University of Mexico 1 (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, or UNAM), while a private institution—the Technological Institute of Higher Education Studies of Monterrey (Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, or ITESM) 2 —has embarked on a similar yet distinct path of its own. Because many scholars have studied UNAM, 3 whereas ITESM has been less researched, this chapter attempts to contribute to a better understanding of ITESM, with special emphasis on its main campus located in the city of Monterrey. In recent years, ITESM has developed a respectable reputation, both in Mexico and abroad, as a successful, high-quality institution. ITESM was founded in 1943 in the city of Monterrey, the capital of the northern state of Nuevo León. In recent years, it has expanded nationally through branch campuses established in most states of Mexico and internationally
Permanet validation of the geometric calibration as a : Complement to misr data production system

This paper focuses on the validation aspect of the geometric calibration approach as implemented for the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR), a part of the payload for NASA's Terra spacecraft. The MISR instrument, launched in December 1999, continuously acquires a systematic, global, multi-angle imagery in reflected sunlight in order to support and improve studies of-Earth's ecology and climate. Moderate-resolution data acquired with a unique configuration of nine fixed pushbroom cameras need to be autonomously georectified prior to use in subsequent scientific retrievals. A robust data production algorithm is based on in-flight generated calibration datasets produced at the beginning of the mission and operationally validated in the first two years. However, in order to maintain required subpixel co-registration accuracies, globally and throughout the life of the mission, data production operations are complemented with a quality monitoring system. This system has been critical in: 1) resolving impact issues that georectification quality may have on subsequent retrievals, 2) providing bases for decisions regarding updates of the calibration datasets and production algorithm, and 3) evaluating and summarizing overall pointing stability and georectification performance. With the series of quality investigations focusing on the georectification requirements, it was determined that the pointing stability of one of the cameras is not as good as the other eight cameras. As a result, the data production algorithm has been updated to assure uniform georectification and co-registration performance prior to processing a final data collection for the entire life of the mission. Presented in this paper will be: an overview of the calibration approach and related quality monitoring system, operational results prior to and after the final implementation and the global summaries on geospatial data accuracies.
Using molecular methods to improve the genetic management of captive breeding programs for threatened species

Captive breeding programs are powerful tools for the conservation of our natural resources. Both animal and plant biodiversity are in global decline (International Union for Conservation of Nature [IUCN] 2008), and the trend is for levels and rates of endangerment to continue increasing (Butchart et al. 2005; Chapter 1 by Honeycutt and colleagues). When in-situ conservation efforts are insufficient at stopping or reversing the decline of a species, captive populations often represent the only alternative for forestalling extinction. For example, it is currently estimated that hundreds of amphibian species will soon be extinct if emergency measures are not taken to protect populations in captivity until the threats to wild populations can be halted or overcome (Gascon et al. 2007). The success of numerous captive breeding programs has been well documented. As just a few of many examples, captive breeding programs have saved the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes), Przewalski’s horse (Equus caballus przewalskii), and the California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) from final extinction (after the last wild populations were extirpated) and new wild populations of the golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia), Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx), and whooping crane (Grus americana) have been successfully re-established from captive stocks. Conservation breeding programs aim to maintain populations that are representative of their wild counterparts, to provide a reservoir for future reintroductions and recovery efforts (see Chapter 12 by Rhodes and Latch). Thus, the genetic goals of captive population management are to minimize genetic drift, retain genetic diversity, restrict inbreeding, and limit adaptation to captivity (Lacy 1994). The foundations of most captive breeding programs are pedigree analyses, which are used to manage both the demography and genetics of captive populations (Ballou & Foose 1996). Accurate pedigrees provide information on inbreeding, the kinships among individuals, and the distributions of individual founder contributions to a population. Collectively, this information is used to produce regular breeding recommendations intended to meet demographic and genetic goals. Although pedigree analyses are quite effective, they do have limitations. The most basic limitation of pedigree-based management is that it requires complete and accurate pedigrees to be effective. Thus, the genetic and demographic management of captive populations are hampered when missing or inaccurate parentage records produce incomplete pedigrees. When a captive pedigree is inaccurate or incomplete, molecular data have the potential to improve breeding program management. Molecular markers can
Novel electrochemical strategies for the microbial conversion of CO2 into biomass and volatile fatty acids using a fluid‐like bed electrode in a three‐phase reactor

Abstract Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) constitutes a bioelectrochemical process where bacteria uptake electrons extracellularly from a polarized electrode to incorporate them into their anabolic metabolism. However, the efficiency of current MES reactor designs can be lower than expected due to limitations regarding electron transfer and mass transport. One of the most promising bioreactor configurations to overcome these bottlenecks is the Microbial Electrochemical Fluidized Bed Reactor (ME‐FBR). In this study, microbial CO2 fixation is investigated for the first time in a ME‐FBR operated as a 3‐phase reactor (solid–liquid–gas). An electroconductive carbon bed, acting as a working electrode, was fluidized with gas and polarized at different potentials (−0.6, −0.8 and −1 V vs. Ag/AgCl) so it could act as an electron donor (biocathode). Under these potentials, CO2 fixation and electron transfer were evaluated. Autotrophic electroactive microorganisms from anaerobic wastewater were enriched in a ME‐FBR in the presence of 2‐bromoethanosulfonic acid (BES) to inhibit the growth of methanogens. Cyclic voltammetry analysis revealed interaction between the microorganisms and the cathode. Furthermore, volatile fatty acids like propionate, formate and acetate were detected in the culture supernatant. Acetate production had a maximum rate of ca. 1 g L−1 day−1. Planktonic cell biomass was produced under continuous culture at values as high as ca. 0.7 g L−1 dry weight. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of employing a fluidized electrode with gaseous substrates and electricity as the energy source for generating biomass and carboxylic acids.
Cisplatin and doxorubicin chemotherapy alters gut microbiota in a murine osteosarcoma model

The gut microbiota is closely associated with tumor progression and treatment in a variety of cancers. However, the alteration of the gut microbiota during the progression and chemotherapy of osteosarcoma remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the relationship between dysbiosis in the gut microbiota during osteosarcoma growth and chemotherapy treatment. We used BALB/c nude mice to establish osteosarcoma xenograft tumor models and administered cisplatin (CDDP) or doxorubicin (DOX) intraperitonially once every 2 days for a total of 5 times to establish effective chemotherapy models. Fecal samples were collected and processed for 16S rRNA sequencing to analyze the composition of the gut microbiota. We observed that the abundances of Colidextribacter, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, and Lachnoclostridium decreased, and the abundances of Alloprevotella and Enterorhabdus increased in the osteosarcoma mouse model group compared to those in the control group. In addition, genera, such as Lachnoclostridium and Faecalibacterium were more abundant in chemotherapy-treated mice than those in saline-treated mice. Additionally, we observed that alterations in some genera, including Lachnoclostridium and Colidextribacter in the osteosarcoma animal model group returned to normal after CDDP or DOX treatment. Furthermore, the function of the gut microbiota was inferred through PICRUSt2 (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States), which indicated that metabolism-related microbiota was highly enriched and significantly different in each group. These results indicate correlations between dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and osteosarcoma growth and chemotherapy treatment with CDDP or DOX and may provide novel avenues for the development of potential adjuvant therapies.