Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Perception: Understanding Other People's Intentions and Emotions through their Actions

Humans are adapted to living in social groups with complex patterns of social interactions. Understanding the meaning of other people’s behavior is an essential aspect of human communication, and a large amount of our daily life is spent watching and interpreting the actions of others (Barresi & Moore, 1996). The neural mechanism underlying our ability to represent others’ goals by the mere observation of their motor actions has been the target of considerable research. Behavioral experiments had suggested that the system for generating and representing actions is also used in the perception of actions (Knoblich & Prinz, 2001). This approach was strengthened by the discovery of “mirror” neurons in the macaque monkey brain, a class of neurons found in the parietal and the premotor cortex. They were seen to discharge not only when the monkey performed an action but also when the monkey was observing an experimenter or another monkey performing the same action (di Pellegrino, Fadiga, Fogassi, Gallese, & Rizzolatti, 1992). Similarly, neuroimaging studies in humans have revealed parietal (PAR) and premotor (PM) activations both during execution and action observation, suggesting that action observation automatically triggers action representations (Grezes, Armony, Rowe, & Passingham, 2003). The superior temporal sulcus (STS), involved in the perception of biological movements and in the observation of actions made by different body parts, was also active (Allison, Puce, & McCarthy, 2000). Finally, the correspondence between perception and action was shown to be somatotopically J
The role of epigenetic regulation in B-cell lymphomas

There is increasing evidences showing that cancer is not only a genetic disease but also an epigenetic disease. The most important epigenetic regulators are the Polycomb and trithorax complexes and DNA methylation. Moreover several cancers show altered expression of microRNAs that also deregulate several genes. In this work, we have undertaken the study of SUZ12, a Polycomb group protein and the microRNAs (miRNA) expressed by the oncogenic Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) in different B-cell lymphoma types. SUZ12 is a component of the Polycomb PRC2 complex, along with EZH2, that has been involved in embryonic stem cell differentiation. Various results coincide in showing that EZH2 plays an essential role in many cancer types, but this has not been as fully demonstrated for SUZ12. In the first part of this work, we report SUZ12 protein expression and genetic alterations in several tumors and especially in Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL), a tumor whose pathogenesis is not completely understood. Additionally, functional and genomic studies demonstrate that SUZ12 targets genes involved in central oncogenic pathways are associated with MCL pathogenesis and SUZ12 deficiency results in reduced viability of MCL cells. Our results support the hypothesis that the abnormal expression of SUZ12 in MCL may account for some of the still unexplained features of MCL, and lead us to propose a putative oncogenic role for SUZ12. These data suggest that drugs targeting the PRC2 complexes, such as LBH589, could be a rational therapeutic approach for MCL patients.
Phytochemical evaluation of the fruits and green biomass of determinate-type sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L. fasciculatum) grown in terrestrial bioregenerative life-support research facilities

ABSTRACT This study explores the potential feasibility of cultivating two determinate-type bell peppers, i.e. Hungarian Enigma Hot (HEH) and Hungarian Enigma Sweet (HES), in a ground bioregenerative life-support device. Fruits of the Hugarian Engima Sweet (HES) variety is advantageous for digestion due to it has thin cuticle and collenchyma at the same time the parenchyma of mesocarp of it is thin. β-carotene and caspanthin were the dominant carotenoids in both fruit varieties. Up to 55 tentative phytochemicals were not only in fruits but also in green juice processed from green leafy shoots. The green juice was also a rich source of protein (24–27% w/w) and a source of macro- and microelements. The findings of this study could hold valuable insights for the advancement of sustainable food production and resource utilization in space environments, with potential applications for long-duration space missions and beyond. Key policy highlight Two determinate-growth green pepper varieties with specific characteristics were grown in ground bioregenerative life-support research device Fruits of the Hugarian Engima Sweet (HES) variety is advantageous for digestion as it has thin cuticle and collenchyma at the same time the parenchyma of mesocarp is thin The green juice processed from green leafy shoots is a rich source of protein (24–27% w/w), luteins, flavonoids, phenolic acids and derivatives. With the change in color of the fruits from green to red, β-carotene and capanthin as carotenoids showed the greatest increase. Content of flavonoids and phenolic components, i.e. quercetin-3-O-d-glucopyranoside, rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside), caffeic acid and ferulic acid showed a decreased trend during fruit ripening.
Sea ice altimetry

Abstract : Using altimeter data for quantitative information about sea ice is an idea with relatively few proponents. Often the poor spatial sampling given by the altimeter's single-point measurements along widely spaced ground tracks and the difficulty of interpreting altimeter pulse echoes over ice are cited as reasons to avoid altimetry. It is becoming evident, however, that altimetry may be able to make unique measurements. For instance, the altimeter data record reveals the presence of small areas of open water within the pack at concentrations too low to be detected by a passive microwave sensor such as a Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/1) and too small to be resolved by satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Remote sensing, Synthetic aperture radar, Altimeter, Scatterometer.
Rejuvenation of dearomative cycloaddition reactions via visible light energy transfer catalysis

Dearomative cycloaddition is a powerful technique to access sp3-rich three-dimensional structural motifs from simple flat, aromatic feedstock. The building-up of unprecedentedly diverse polycyclic scaffolds with increased saturation and stereochemical information having various applications ranging from pharmaceutical to material sciences, is an essential goal in organic chemistry. However, the requirement of large energy inputs to disrupt the aromaticity of an arene moiety necessitates harsh reaction conditions for ground state dearomative cycloaddition. The photochemical requirement encompasses use of ultraviolet (UV) light to enable the reaction on an excited potential energy surface. The microscopic reversibility under thermal conditions and the use of high energy harmful UV irradiation in photochemical manoeuvres, however, constrain their widespread use from a synthetic point of view. In this context, the recent renaissance of visible light energy transfer (EnT) catalysis has become a powerful tool to initiate dearomative cycloaddition as a greener and more sustainable approach. The excited triplet state population is achieved by triplet energy transfer from the appropriate photosensitizer to the substrate. While employing mild visible light energy as fuel, the process leverages an enormous potential of excited state reactivity. The discovery of an impressive portfolio of organic and inorganic photosensitizers with a range of triplet energies facilitates visible light photosensitized dearomative cycloaddition of various substrates to form sp3-rich fused polycyclic architectures with diverse applications. The tutorial review comprehensively surveys the reawakening of dearomative cycloadditions via visible light-mediated energy transfer catalysis in the past five years. The progress ranges from intra- and intermolecular [2π + 2π] to [4π + 2π], and ends at intermolecular [2π + 2σ] cycloadditions. Furthermore, the review provides potential possibilities for future growth in the growing field of visible light energy transfer catalysis.
A Formal Approach to Spanish ‘Genitive’ Pronouns in Non-Nominal Domains

This paper examines the distribution of ‘genitive’ pronouns in non-nominal domains in Spanish. These pronouns can alternate with constructions headed by the item de ‘of’ and a pronoun or other Determiner Phrases (DPs). In general Spanish, this alternation between a synthetic (nuestro ‘our’) and an analytic (de nosotros ‘of us’) option is found in the nominal domain. However, when looking at variation, this alternation appears in adverbial, verbal, and adjectival domains too. We discuss this phenomenon from a neo-constructionist approach, which assumes the late insertion of phonological exponents. We propose that the analytic and the synthetic options have almost the same syntactic structure, the only difference being the nature of the nominalizer’s φ-features. When the nominalizer values its φ-features, it can be lexicalized alone, and the ‘genitive’ pronoun lexicalizes the rest of the structure, including the introducer p/Place. Otherwise, when the nominalizer cannot (or needs not to) value its features, a ‘non-genitive’ pronoun lexicalizes the pronominal structure, and the head p/Place is lexicalized by the item de. Our proposal explains the complementary distribution between agreement/nominal morphology and the item de observed in many Spanish constructions. Different consequences are advantageously deduced.
Immersion polishing post-treatment of PLA 3D printed formed parts on its surface and mechanical performance

Steps were taken to improve the surface and mechanical performance of PLA 3D printed formed parts, reduce the “step texture” produced by the fused deposition process, and improve the quality of 3D printing by means of post-treatment. The PLA 3D formed parts were immersion polished with chloroform solution to investigate the effects of immersion polishing on the surface roughness, surface gloss, mechanical properties, and other factors of PLA formed parts. The results of the pre-experiment showed that 90% of the effect was due to the optimal concentration value of chloroform solution and 10% was the optimization of time for immersion polishing. Under the pre-experimental conditions, the surface roughness of the formed parts was reduced by 87%, and the surface gloss was increased by 510%, the surface quality and gloss were significantly improved, and the “step texture” was significantly reduced; meanwhile, the tensile and compressive ultimate strength of the formed parts were increased by 9.41% and 13.09%, respectively, and the mechanical performance were improved, and the quality of 3D printing post-treatment was significantly improved.
Effects of Floodwater Spreading on the Vegetation and Soil in an Arid Rangeland

Floodwater spreading is a recognized means of controlling floods, recharging groundwater, and improving the quality of degraded ecosystems in arid and semi-arid rangelands. This study aimed to assess the effect of a floodwater spreading project (FWS) on both vegetation and soil in an arid rangeland in Iran. Ten years after the project was implemented, soil and vegetation were compared between two areas: the first within the FWS and the second a nearby control area with natural vegetation. For vegetation, we measured the cover of all species and the forage-yield of palatable species, and for soil, we analyzed pH, EC, organic matter, organic carbon, texture, sodium absorption rate, and Ca + Mg, Na, and CaCO3 concentrations. There was evidence of change in species composition within the FWS: 28 species were common to the FWS and control sites, 36 species were unique to the FWS, but only five species were present in control site. There were a large proportion of annuals and palatable species in the FWS, where forage-yield was increased significantly. There were no differences in either species richness or diversity between control and FWS sites. Few changes were found in the soil properties as a result of FWS, but further changes in the soil may take a longer time to develop. Overall floodwater spreading caused changes in vegetation development but did not have any negative impact on soil. Managers should be aware of the potential for greater change in vegetation and soil properties in future as a result of continuing sedimentation.
Towards Reliable Rule Mining about Code Smells: The McPython Approach

CODE smell is a risky pattern in code that can lead, in the future, to problems with code maintenance. One of the approaches to identifying smells in the code is metric-based smell detection. A classic example is the God Class smell which can be detected by using three metrics (see, e.g., [1]–[3]): • Weighted Method Count (WMC - sum of McCabe's complexity of all methods in the analysed class), • Tight Class Cohesion (TCC - relative number of directly connected methods within the analysed class), and • Access to Foreign Data (ATFD - number of classes containing attributes referenced by the analysed class directly or via get/set methods).
Mobile Pedestrian Navigation Systems – Wayfinding Based on Localisation Technologies

The first part of this paper gives a survey of the state of the art of research on human spatio-temporal behaviour in connection with the development of pedestrian navigation systems. The second part of the paper deals with the problem of pedestrian route choice behaviour. It is in particular concerned with localisation technologies and their adaptation to location-based information systems. The third part of the paper outlines three projects performed at arsenal research and the Vienna University of Technology in these areas. Firstly, it describes a research project on the requirements with regard to the development of ubiquitous cartography for pedestrians in indoor and outdoor environments. secondly, it describes a self-learning travel guide for city tourists based on mobile phones and GPS. Lastly, it describes an audio-guide system which provides landmark-based navigation instruction.
Preference of pear psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri) for specific colour inspires new application in plant protection

Understanding the cues used by insects to select their hosts is essential for developing sustainable control strategies, particularly for plant disease vectors. Pear psyllids (Cacopsylla pyri) are vectors of the bacterial disease pear decline caused by ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’. Yellow sticky traps are typically used to monitor pest insects, but they are non‐specific and capture many beneficial insects, too. Against the background of improving visual traps, this research aimed to investigate the colour choice behaviour of C. pyri. Our first approach was to screen insect colour preferences by performing choice assays with different LED colour wavelengths in a small‐scale choice arena under controlled conditions. Over six LEDs tested, there was a strong significant preference of C. pyri for green 1 (532 nm) followed by green 2 (549 nm). Yellow (576 nm), orange (593 nm), red 1 (619 nm) and red 2 (633 nm) were less attractive than green. Subsequently, the trapping of pear psyllids was tested in the field using newly developed traps covered with transparent‐coloured PVC sheets with a similar wavelength of the preferred LEDs. Red and completely transparent traps have been used as control and combined in randomized blocks in a pear orchard. Field trials revealed that green traps ranging from 525 to 537 nm attracted significantly more pear psyllids than longer wavelength green (543 nm), red and transparent ones. The construction of specific green‐coloured sticky traps seems promising for improving psyllid trapping, especially during an early infestation at low population densities. Thus, these visual traps should be considered in future and integrated into psyllid monitoring as part of integrated pest management.
A minute new species of Saccammina (monothalamous Foraminifera; Protista) from the abyssal Pacific

Saccammina minimus sp. nov., a spherical agglutinated organism presumed to be a foraminiferan, is described from the Kaplan Central site in the abyssal eastern Equatorial Pacific (5042 m water depth). The new species is minute in size (<100 μm diameter) with a test wall composed of a jumble of small mineral grains and a few relatively larger diatom fragments. Occasional specimens, often droplet-shaped rather than spherical, have a simple aperture. The new species is by far the most abundant organism in sieve fractions >32 μm of samples collected at the KC site. In six subcores (6.6 cm2 surface area, 0–1 cm layer) from two cores obtained during a single deployment of a multiple corer, it represented 59% of all stained foraminifera in the samples. However, it had an extremely patchy small-scale distribution on a scale of centimetres; for example, 3, 285 and 1090 specimens were extracted from three subcores. A separate study has reported similar patterns among other minute indeterminate monothalamous foraminifera at the Kaplan East site (4032–4089 m water depth) located to the east, c. 1200 km from our study site. The reason for these very patchy distributions is not clear.
Valorization of some fermented products as antioxidants

: Fermented products produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) improve intestinal function. Lately, there has been a growing focus on probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics. Medicinal and aromatic plants, which are rich sources of bioactive compounds acting as antioxidants and antimicrobial agents, improve health. In this study, extracts of 3 commonly used natural herbs were fermented using Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria to evaluate their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Roselle's findings indicated a reduction in pH levels across all fermented extracts, with the most notable decrease observed in the Roselle extract which dropped from 7.64 to 2.22. The total phenolic and antioxidant content of fermented extracts was higher than that of non-fermented extracts. Roselle's total phenols increased from 66.12 to 85.42 ppm. Furthermore, Roselle and fennel have the highest antioxidant activity growth rates, at around 90.12% and 45.41%, respectively. The effect of various fermented extracts on pathogens' growth was investigated, and it was discovered that the fermented extracts had the most potent effect on both Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis. In conclusion, the high concentration of antioxidants and phenols as well as the majority of them having the ability to act as antimicrobials increase the health benefits of plant extracts that can be valorized by the fermentation process.
Biodegradation of plastic by some fungi as influenced by Physical factors

Polyethylene and plastic are resistant to degradation and decay. Their accumulation in the environment produces environmental problems. So, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the ability of several fungal species to destroy plastic materials, choose the most active strain, and investigate some physical parameters influencing ligninolytic enzyme productivity. Twenty-six fungal isolates were recovered from benzene station soils, the Petroleum refinery area, and the Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University. All of the tested fungi showed lignin peroxidase activity in both soil and liquid cultures. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum were more capable of producing ligninolytic enzymes. Hence, they were chosen for the following studies. The two fungi under investigation assessed several parameters to maximize the production of lignin peroxidase enzymes, such as Temperature, pH, and moisture. The temperature range from 15 °C to 45 °C was tried and the optimum temperature of the two fungi under study were 40 °C for Penicillium chrysogenum and 35 °C for A.niger. Maximum enzyme activity was reached at pH 5 and 6 for Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger , respectively. From one to five days, The amount of enzyme production is greatly increased as a result of the constant rise in the moisture content of plastic materials, it reached 9.9 units ∕ml and 11.0 units ∕ml for P.chrysogenum and A.niger, respectively after 5 days of incubation of plastic materials in moisture content.
Research progress of single-cell sequencing in tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a major infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The pathogenesis and immune mechanism of tuberculosis are not clear, and it is urgent to find new drugs, diagnosis, and treatment targets. A useful tool in the quest to reveal the enigmas related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease is the single-cell sequencing technique. By clarifying cell heterogeneity, identifying pathogenic cell groups, and finding key gene targets, the map at the single cell level enables people to better understand the cell diversity of complex organisms and the immune state of hosts during infection. Here, we briefly reviewed the development of single-cell sequencing, and emphasized the different applications and limitations of various technologies. Single-cell sequencing has been widely used in the study of the pathogenesis and immune response of tuberculosis. We review these works summarizing the most influential findings. Combined with the multi-molecular level and multi-dimensional analysis, we aim to deeply understand the blank and potential future development of the research on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection using single-cell sequencing technology.
Colour of Inland and Coastal Waters: A methodology for its interpretation

Basic Notions and Relationships, Optical Properties of non-Case I Waters: Hydro-Optical Models, Color Formation in Natural Waters: Numerical Simulations of the Forward Problem, Quantitative Interpretation of Satellite Color Images over non-Case I Waters: Numerical Simulations of the Inverse Problem, Application of the Retrieval Algorithms to Sea WiFS Images Overs Some non-Case I Waters.
Stretching of fluid inclusions in calcite as an indicator of frictional heating on faults

Fluid inclusions trapped in calcite tend to increase in volume (i.e., stretching) when heated to temperatures higher than those of the initial entrapment at the entrapment pressure, and the result is an increase in the homogenization temperature. We examined whether the stretching of fluid inclusions in calcite occurred by frictional heating on the subduction thrust exhumed from seismogenic depths (4–6 km) at which the slip is localized along the few-centimeters-thick ultracataclasite layer. The results indicate that the histograms of the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions in the ultracata-clasite are marked by the pronounced skewness, with the frequency mode near the low-temperature end of the range and a tapering tail toward higher temperatures. These skewed frequency distributions are absent in the surrounding rocks and are best explained by the stretching of the fluid inclusions by the frictional heating associated with the localized slip. Experimental stretching of fluid inclusions in calcite demonstrated that the tapering tail toward high temperatures in the histograms of the homogenization temperatures from the ultra-cataclasite can be reproduced by a 50–150 °C temperature rise along the ultracataclasite with respect to the ambient temperature. Stretching of fluid inclusions in calcite could record a small temperature rise during frictional heating on faults and is potentially useful in identifying the restraint of the temperature rise by fluid pressurization during an earthquake.