Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wavefront scheduling: path based data representation and scheduling of subgraphs

The IA-64 architecture is rich with features that enable aggressive exploitation of instruction-level parallelism. Features such as speculation, predication, multiway branches and others provide compilers with new opportunities for the extraction of parallelism in programs. Code scheduling is a central component in any compiler for the IA-64 architecture. This paper describes the implementation of the global code scheduler (GCS) in Intel's reference compiler for the IA-64 architecture. GCS schedules code over acyclic regions of control flow. There is a tight coupling between the formation and scheduling of regions. GCS employs a new path based data dependence representation that combines control flow and data dependence information to make data analysis easy and accurate. This paper provides details of this representation. The scheduler uses a novel instruction scheduling technique called Wavefront scheduling. The concepts of wavefront scheduling and deferred compensation are explained to demonstrate the efficient generation of compensation code while scheduling. This paper also presents P-ready code motion, an opportunistic instruction level tail duplication which aims to strike a balance between code expansion and performance potential. Performance results show greater than 30% improvement in speedup for wavefront scheduling over basic block scheduling on the Merced microarchitecture.
The impact of changes in teaching and learning on furniture and the learning environment

The knowledge economy is ushering in new attitudes about teaching and learning. As a result, different kinds of furniture are being specified for the classroom. These are more flexible and comfortable and do more to accommodate technology and information. Furniture also now plays a role in making learning environments more fun and dynamic, even more inspirational.
Some Effects of Semantic and Grammatical Context on the Production and Perception of Speech

Three speakers read aloud meaningful grammatical English sentences at a fast rate. Some of these sentences contained common maxims and stereotyped phrases. Other sentences which were less familiar contained, in similar phonetic environments, certain test words that also occurred in the stereotyped sentences. The test words were “excised”, i.e., gated out of all the sentences, and listening tests were performed by 43 listeners. Quite apart from these listening tests two operational measures of redundancy were derived. One measure was based on a Markovian model of perception and readers were asked to guess what word n would be after they had read all the words through word n–1 in a sentence. The second measure was based on the hypothesis that people reserve their final decision on the recognition of each word until they perceive an entire sentence. Readers read an entire sentence in the midst of which a word was represented by a dash. They were then asked to guess what the missing word was. Two groups of thirty readers each performed these written tests on the sentences from which the test words had been excised. Indexes of redundancy were computed for each test word from the percent of correct guesses that occurred for the two written tests. The results of the listening tests show that the intelligibility of the excised words is inversely proportional to the redundancy index obtained from the total sentence context. Two acoustic correlates of linguistic stress (duration and amplitude) were measured for each excised word. Stress is also apparently inversely proportional to the sentence context redundancy measure. The results of this experiment support the hypothesis that both the acoustic realization and auditory perception of a given word in a meaningful sentence may be a function of the speaker's and listener's knowledge of the semantic and grammatical information contained in the entire sentence. The experimental results also indicate that, in some circumstances, a listener may be able to identify a word only after he adapts to the speaker's voice.
Question-posing capability as an alternative evaluation method: Analysis of an environmental case study

An effective strategy for improving problem-solving ability is fostering students' question-posing capabilities through the use of real-world problems. This article describes research on scientific question-posing capabilities among 10th-grade students who were studying air quality in a cooperative way, using the jigsaw method. Case studies and analyses of daily problems and dilemmas were integrated within the module the Quality of Air around Us, which was designed and developed specially for this research. The students were required to pose questions and cope with real-life problems while practicing a variety of learning activities, such as reading press or scientific articles, analyzing tables and graphs, and creating posters and advertisements that related to the problem. The students' question-posing skills were evaluated by using pre- and postcase study questionnaires. We found the number, orientation, and complexity of questions students posed to be three indices of question-posing capability. Following study of the Quality of Air around Us module, a significant increase was observed in the factors of number and complexity of questions students posed. The difference between students at high and low academic levels in the extent of increase in both number and complexity of posed questions was significant. As for orientation, the percentage of solution- and opinion-oriented questions increased in the posttest, and fewer questions dealt with the problem and related hazards. This indicates an increase in students' awareness of the need for and feasibility of seeking practical solutions to a given problem, as well as considerable improvement of their ability to analyze a related case study. On the basis of these findings, we recommend incorporating analysis of question-posing capability as an alternative evaluation method. To this end, fostering of question posing into the case study–based teaching/learning approach is the preferred strategy, in particular when environmental aspects are involved. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 36: 411–430, 1999
Glycine Receptors in Adult Guinea Pig Brain Stem Auditory Nuclei: Regulation after Unilateral Cochlear Ablation

In young adult guinea pigs, the effects of unilateral cochlear ablation were determined on the specific binding of [3H]strychnine measured in subdivisions of the cochlear nucleus (CN), the superior olivary complex, and the auditory midbrain, after 2, 7, 31, 60, and 147 postlesion days. Changes in binding relative to that in age-matched controls were interpreted as altered activity and/or expression of synaptic glycine receptors. Postlesion binding declined ipsilaterally in most of the ventral CN and in the lateral superior olive (LSO). Binding was modestly deficient in the ipsilateral dorsal CN and in the anterior part of the contralateral anteroventral CN. Binding was elevated in the contralateral LSO. Transient changes also occurred. Binding was elevated transiently, between 2 and 31 days, contralaterally in parts of the anteroventral CN, bilaterally in the medial superior olive (MSO), and bilaterally in most of the midbrain nuclei. Binding was deficient transiently, at 60 days, in most of the contralateral CN and bilaterally in the midbrain nuclei. The present findings, together with previously reported postlesion changes in glycine release, were consistent with persistently weakened glycinergic inhibitory transmission ipsilaterally in the ventral CN and the LSO and bilaterally in the dorsal CN. Glycinergic inhibitory transmission was strengthened in the contralateral LSO and transiently strengthened in the MSO bilaterally. A hypothetical model of the findings suggested that glycine receptor regulation may depend on excitatory and glycinergic input to auditory neurons. The present changes in glycine receptor activity may contribute to altered auditory functions, which often accompany hearing loss.
Genetic association studies: Design, analysis and interpretation

This paper provides a review of the design and analysis of genetic association studies. In case control studies, the different contingency tables and their relationships to the underlying genetic model are defined. Population stratification is discussed, with suggested methods to identify and correct for the effect. The transmission disequilibrium test is provided as an alternative family-based test, which is robust to population stratification. The relative benefits of each analysis are summarised.
Study on the combined effects of essential oils on microbiological quality of Fior di Latte cheese

The effectiveness of three natural compounds in slowing down the deterioration of microbial quality of Fior di latte cheese is addressed. In particular, the control of the growth of spoilage microorganisms and the determination of the Microbiological Stability Limit (MAL) were the main goals. A Central Composite Design (CCD) strategy was adopted to highlight possible combined effects between three essential oils: sage and two types of lemon. Results showed an increase in the MAL value for all cheese samples packaged with the antimicrobial compounds, compared with the control cheese. Moreover, the combinations of the three essential oils indicated that the substances can act in a synergistic or antagonistic way, depending on their concentrations. In particular, a synergistic effect was evident when the three compounds were used at about 3000 ppm.
Culturally Competent Qualitative Research With Latino Immigrants

This article provides recommendations for conducting culturally competent qualitative research with Latino immigrants, a historically exploited group that represents more than half of all U.S. immigrants and is continuously growing. Limited research exists on Latino immigrants despite their large presence in the United States. The authors draw upon their qualitative research experiences to help researchers develop culturally competent awareness, knowledge, and skills in studying Latino immigrants. Recommendations are grounded by integrating Latino cultural values in the research process. Issues related to developing a research team, recruiting participants, using incentives, informed consent procedures, and language issues are addressed. Suggestions for developing interview protocols and conducting culturally competent in-person interviews are provided.
Stereotype Accessibility and Information Processing

The stereotyping literature heretofore has not fully addressed individual differences in the relative construct accessibility of social stereotypes. Stereotyping research has tested the influence of explicitly activated stereotype knowledge on information processing, but paid little attention to the spontaneous application of stereotypes when stimulus information is processed. Although stereotypes are known to influence both encoding and response stages of information processing, the latter effect has received little attention in comparison to the former. The present research tested the hypothesis that gender stereotypes would affect how individuals encode and respond to gender-related behaviors and that individual differences in the construct accessibility of gender-stereotypical attributes would moderate these effects. Subjects saw a series of behavioral descriptions, some of which were stereotypically masculine or feminine, performed by two men and two women, and then participated in a recognition memory test. Subjects were more likely to report stereotype-consistent (versus inconsistent or irrelevant) behaviors as having been seen and also made more within-sex than cross-sex false alarms. Supporting the hypothesis that stereotype accessibility is an important individual-difference variable, individuals who displayed high (versus low) levels of individual construct accessibility for gender showed a greater tendency to respond consistently with gender stereotypes and made more within-sex (versus cross-sex) false alarms. These results suggest that highly gender-accessible individuals were especially likely to process stimulus information in terms of gender.
Expression of cancer stem cell markers and their correlation with pathogenesis in vascular tumors.

OBJECTIVE Vascular tumor, which belongs to a kind of complicated lesion in soft tissue tumor, is derived from mesenchymal tissue. Although many studies have been focused on the pathogenesis of vascular tumors in human, the specific mechanism of the vascular tumors was currently unclear. Previous studies have reported an association of cancer stem cells with the development of tumor in many solid tumors. Thus the purpose of this study was to explore whether different expression level of cancer stem cell markers including CD29, CD44, CD133, nestin and ALDH1 in vascular tumor may help to elucidate the possible pathogenesis of vascular tumor. In present study, tissues of 9 cases of hemangioma, 22 cases of hemangiosarcoma, 3 cases of Kaposi's sarcoma, and 5 cases of hemangioendothelioma were immunostained for CD29, CD44, CD133, nestin and ALDH1. Of the 39 vascular tumor cases included in the current study, CD29, CD133 and nestin were positive in most vascular tumor cases. Although CD44 and ALDH1 were observed in vascular tumor cases, the percentage of cells staining for the two markers was less than 2% in all cases of vascular tumor. Capillary hemangiomas exhibited significantly higher expression rate of CD29 and nestin compared with malignant vascular tumors and hemangioendotheliomas (P<0.05, Fisher's exact test), while CD44, CD133 and ALDH1 exhibited no statistically significant difference between these two groups. Pearson correlation analysis exhibited that CD29 expression and nestin expression in vascular tumor were no statistically significant relationship (C=0.288, P=0.063>0.05). Our findings confirmed that the five cancer stem cells markers, including CD29, CD44, CD133, nestin and ALDH1, exhibited different expression levels in vascular tumors and demonstrated that immunohistochemical analysis for cancer stem cells markers may provide useful information for studying the pathogenesis of vascular tumors.
Robust Online Multiobject Tracking With Data Association and Track Management

In this paper, we consider a multiobject tracking problem in complex scenes. Unlike batch tracking systems using detections of the entire sequence, we propose a novel online multiobject tracking system in order to build tracks sequentially using online provided detections. To track objects robustly even under frequent occlusions, the proposed system consists of three main parts: 1) visual tracking with a novel data association with a track existence probability by associating online detections with the corresponding tracks under partial occlusions; 2) track management to associate terminated tracks for linking tracks fragmented by long-term occlusions; and 3) online model learning to generate discriminative appearance models for successful associations in other two parts. Experimental results using challenging public data sets show the obvious performance improvement of the proposed system, compared with other state-of-the-art tracking systems. Furthermore, extensive performance analysis of the three main parts demonstrates effects and usefulness of the each component for multiobject tracking.
Interference analysis and resource allocation for TDD-CDMA systems to support asymmetric services by using directional antennas

This paper explores the advantages of using directional antennas in time division duplex (TDD) code division multiple access (CDMA) systems to support asymmetric traffic services. In the TDD-CDMA system, the transmission for asymmetric traffic from neighboring cells may cause the cross-slot interference, which can seriously degrade system capacity. To avoid the cross-slot interference for TDD-CDMA systems, many current resource allocation algorithms typically require a global control on the transmission direction (either downlink or uplink) in each time slot. Apparently, this requirement substantially constrains the flexibility of TDD-CDMA systems to deliver asymmetric traffic services in a more practical situation where every cell may have different uplink and downlink bandwidth requirements. We analyze the interference of the TDD-CDMA system with a trisector cellular architecture, where three directional antennas are employed at each base station. We find that the directivity of directional antennas can provide an additional degree of freedom for allocating radio resource. Taking advantage of this property, we introduce the concept of virtual cell, defined as the same converge area of a cell but is composed of three sectors from the three adjacent base stations. Furthermore, we propose a new virtual cell-based distributed code/time slot allocation algorithm to enable a TDD-CDMA system to provide asymmetric services with different rates of asymmetry in every cell coverage area. We demonstrate that the proposed algorithm does not only offer more flexibility in handling nonuniform traffic patterns, but maintain good radio link performance and call blocking performance.
Mining and analysis of public information for insight into personal fitness tracker reliability, operations and user performance

Personal fitness trackers are popular wearable devices intended for measurement and analysis of user personal activities, and engagement with social media. Manufacturers have not opened tracker technical designs or performance data to public scrutiny. By leveraging user-posted activity records, product reviews, fitness app screenshots, and social network postings, we were able to characterize user motivations, reliability concerns, and social behaviors, as well as quantifying fitness activity performance levels. We describe user behaviors categorized by gender, age, duration of device ownership, and degree of social network engagement. Lastly, we show that most users exercise less than the well-publicized 10,000 steps per day goal.
The mechanisms of confabulation in schizophrenia

Abstract Confabulation is a newly described abnormality in schizophrenia, but its mechanisms are as yet unclear. Here we describe a detailed investigation of three cases who were previously identified as confabulators. The patients were administered experimental tasks as well as standard neuropsychological tests of memory and executive function in an attempt to elucidate the possible mechanisms. It was found that the severity of cognitive impairment reflects the severity of confabulation, but that memory impairment is neither necessary nor sufficient to account for confabulation. This suggests that confabulation and memory have different substrates. Within the spectrum of executive deficits, impairments in response suppression and response monitoring, but not planning or generation, were consistently associated with confabulation. It is suggested that the stages of this form of confabulation are unlike those previously reported in other patients since faults occur at both input and output. At the input st.
Cardiac Myxoma

under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided article is properly cited. a Laboratory of Pathology Instituto do Coração Hospital das Clínicas Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP – Brazil. b Internal Medicine Division Hospital Universitário Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP – Brazil. Cardiac Myxoma
A paralisia cerebral na adolescência: resultados de uma investigação

Es de primordial importancia estudiar el auto-concepto, el coping y la salud mental de adolescentes con Paralisis Cerebral. Esta poblacion ha sido muy poco estudiada. Ademas, estas variables pueden contribuir para la adaptacion de estes jovenes que se enfrentan con situaciones mas adversas, podiendo ser factores protectores y de riesgo de su salud psicologica. Estudiamos una muestra de 78 sujetos con Paralisis Cerebral (edades entre los 12 y 18 anos). Encontramos los siguientes resultados: a) las mujeres presentan valores de psicopatologia mas elevados que los hombres; b) a la medida que aumenta la edad disminuyen los valores de auto-concepto y aumentan los del “coping no activo”; c) algunos tipos de diagnostico de Paralisis Cerebral se diferencian por el auto-concepto; d) el auto-concepto se correlaciona negativamente con todos los indices de psicopatologia; e) el “coping no activo” se correlaciona negativamente con la ansiedad y con algunos indices de sintomatologia psicopatologica do BSI.
Image Location Estimation by Salient Region Matching

Nowadays, locations of images have been widely used in many application scenarios for large geo-tagged image corpora. As to images which are not geographically tagged, we estimate their locations with the help of the large geo-tagged image set by content-based image retrieval. In this paper, we exploit spatial information of useful visual words to improve image location estimation (or content-based image retrieval performances). We proposed to generate visual word groups by mean-shift clustering. To improve the retrieval performance, spatial constraint is utilized to code the relative position of visual words. We proposed to generate a position descriptor for each visual word and build fast indexing structure for visual word groups. Experiments show the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
A Study of the Health Status of Early adolescent Girls residing in Social Welfare Hostels in Vizianagaram district of Andhra Pradesh State, India

Background: Adolescent girls form an important vulnerable sector of population that constitute about one-tenth of Indian population . Under-nutrition among adolescents is a serious public health problem internationally, especially in developing countries. Early adolescence after the first year of life is the critical period of rapid physical growth and changes in body composition, physiology and endocrine. The data regarding the nutritional status & morbidity status of the early adolescent girls in social welfare hostels are sparse, despite the usefulness of such information in the management of hostels and upliftment of these groups. In this context, the present study was taken up among early adolescent girls residing in the social welfare hostels in urban area of Vizianagaram Distric, Andhra Pradesh, India. Objective: To assess the Nutritional status of the early adolescent and to study the Morbidity pattern among these adolescent girls in the social welfare hostels. Methods / Study Design: Cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of four months. 420 girls of age 10-15 years were examined during that period. Data was collected by interviewing the girls using predesigned, pre tested, semi-structured schedule. Anthropometric measurements were recorded using standardized methodology as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). Body Mass Index (BMI) – BMI was calculated using the formula Weight in kg/height in m². The subjects were categorized into various grade based on BMI according to WHO International Standard. Grade 3 thinness (BMI 30 kg/ m2). As per Indian Standard underweight (BMI 23.5 kg/m2). Statistical Analysis: Done by using SPSS 16.0 version. Results /Findings: A total 420 girls were studied. 37.4% were in the age group 13 years. According to WHO reference standards 56.4 % girls were under-nourished (BMI 23.5 kg/m2). 30% were showed clinical anaemia, 27.1% were having dental caries, 16.7 were having reproductive problem (Dysmenorrhoea), 16% were skin problem, 4 % Eye problem (defective vision & refractive error), 2.4 % were having URTI and 2.1 % ENT problem Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of under nutrition, dental caries and clinical anaemia among adolescent girls in social welfare hostels in urban sector. The present study calls for Health education and nutrition interventions to reduce the serious health problem on priority basis.