Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exercise essay: “vowel yoga”

Olive, a fictional student in first-semester Voice and Speech, dreads the days when the chairs come out instead of the yoga mats. She knows that having expressive and flexible speech is a skill of good acting, but working on speech in class often feels like a disembodied, theoretical experience compared to voice work. Olive finds the abstraction of the vowel chart frustrating, has a hard time feeling and executing the articulator actions the teacher describes, and conceives of speech as a dry and academic subject rather than creative or expressive. She rarely asks questions, and sometimes she even has trouble staying awake. Olive may be an extreme composite character, but parts of her experience are mirrored in the experiences of real-life students. Eric Armstrong summarizes student feedback on speech class in his recent article:
Transcriptome of American Oysters, Crassostrea virginica, in Response to Bacterial Challenge: Insights into Potential Mechanisms of Disease Resistance

The American oyster Crassostrea virginica, an ecologically and economically important estuarine organism, can suffer high mortalities in areas in the Northeast United States due to Roseovarius Oyster Disease (ROD), caused by the gram-negative bacterial pathogen Roseovarius crassostreae. The goals of this research were to provide insights into: 1) the responses of American oysters to R. crassostreae, and 2) potential mechanisms of resistance or susceptibility to ROD. The responses of oysters to bacterial challenge were characterized by exposing oysters from ROD-resistant and susceptible families to R. crassostreae, followed by high-throughput sequencing of cDNA samples from various timepoints after disease challenge. Sequence data was assembled into a reference transcriptome and analyzed through differential gene expression and functional enrichment to uncover genes and processes potentially involved in responses to ROD in the American oyster. While susceptible oysters experienced constant levels of mortality when challenged with R. crassostreae, resistant oysters showed levels of mortality similar to non-challenged oysters. Oysters exposed to R. crassostreae showed differential expression of transcripts involved in immune recognition, signaling, protease inhibition, detoxification, and apoptosis. Transcripts involved in metabolism were enriched in susceptible oysters, suggesting that bacterial infection places a large metabolic demand on these oysters. Transcripts differentially expressed in resistant oysters in response to infection included the immune modulators IL-17 and arginase, as well as several genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling. The identification of potential genes and processes responsible for defense against R. crassostreae in the American oyster provides insights into potential mechanisms of disease resistance.
Point-set alignment using multidimensional scaling

We show how to perform point-set alignment by applying multidimensional scaling to the interpoint distance matrix. The idea is that alignment can be effected by transforming different point-sets into a common embedding space, and correspondences located on a nearest-neighbour basis. The method offers the advantage over conventional Procrustes analysis that it extends the range of rotational angles over which it is effective. Moreover it does not require separate, and explicit, centering, scaling and rotation steps. It also proves robustness under severe levels of point-set noise and corruption.
The Model Analysis of VANET at Intersections Based on Markov Process

VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc Network) is a special case about MANET (Mobile Ad Hoc Network), has also received extensive attention as a part of ITS(Intelligent Transportation System). Mobility model is the basic research in VANET, our objective is set up a vehicular mobility model reflecting the real-world scene. In this paper, we propose a mobility model at intersection and present mathematical analysis by the use of Markov analysis method, finally provide the validation and simulation. We compare the predicted TFO (Traffic flow occupancy) probability distribution to the observed results, and the errors between them are analyzed. Both simulation and real observation data are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The prediction results can help decide the red-time controlling strategies. The results show the proposed model is approximate to the intersection in actual urban environment and can be used as a practical one.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW.

An approximate linearized model for the analysis of low frequency transient and stationary planetary scale atmospheric wavcs is derived. The problem of stationary waves forced at thc lowcr boundary is solved cxactly for an atmosphere in constant rotation by making usc of thc recent tidal theory analysis of Longuet-Higgins, and this solution is then compared with the solution of the approximate model equation. Thc approximate model is found to describe the Rossby wavc modes with littlc crror away from thc Tropics. Thc cigenvalues of the approximatc model arc in good agreement with the eigenvalues of thc exact model with the exception of eigenvalues of thc lowest latitudinal modes. It is concludcd that thc model will bc suitable for thc purposc of linear theoretical analysis of thc vertical propagation of planctary Rossby waves in the prcsencc of zonal wind shears. Assuming an atmospherc in constant angular rotation and assuming wcsterly zonal wind velocities of thc magnitude of the maximum winds observed in the midwinter stratospheric jet, thcrc will always bc two or morc planetary wavc modes that can propagate vcrticnlly. The constant angular wind vclocity inodcl is used togcthcr with thc amplitudc of observcd stationary planctary wavcs in the wintcr lower stratosphcrc to prcdict the Inngnitudc of planctmy W:LVCS at thc mctcor wind lcvcl. Bccausc thc amplitude of thc eddy winds so prcdictcd cxcccds obscrvcd valucs by at lcast an order of magnitndc, wc infcr that horizontal wind shcars and possibly also dinbatic damping nccd bc considered for thc description of the propagation of planctary wavcs from thc troposphere to thc lowcr thcrmosphcrc.
Institutional Determinants of Capital Structure Adjustment Speeds

Many authors relate a firm's performance to legal and political features and the regulatory environment in which it operates. This article compares firms' capital structure adjustments across countries and investigates whether institutional differences help explain the variance in estimated adjustment speeds. We find that legal and financial traditions significantly correlate with firm adjustment speeds. More narrowly, institutional features also relate to adjustment speeds, consistent with the hypothesis that better institutions lower the transaction costs associated with adjusting a firm's leverage. Such associations between institutional arrangements and leverage adjustment speeds are consistent with the dynamic trade-off theory of capital structure choice.
Determining the Compositionality of Noun-Adjective Pairs with Lexical Variants and Distributional Semantics

English. In this work we employed a set of 26 Italian noun-adjective expressions to test compositionality indices that compare the distributional vector of an expression with the vectors of its lexical variants. These were obtained by replacing the components of the original expression with semantically related words. Our indices performed comparably or better than other compositionality measures reported in the distributional literature. Italiano. In questo lavoro si è utilizzato un set di 26 espressioni italiane nomeaggettivo per testare degli indici di composizionalità che confrontano il vettore distribuzionale di un’espressione con i vettori delle sue varianti lessicali. Queste sono state ottenute sostituendo i componenti dell’espressione di partenza con parole semanticamente correlate. La performance dei nostri indici si è dimostrata comparabile o superiore a quella di altri indici di composizionalità riportati nella letteratura distribuzionale.
Compreendendo as mães de crianças vítimas de abuso sexual: ciclos de violência Understanding the mothers of children who are victims of sexual abuse: cycles of violence

The objective of this article is to discuss the characteristics of mothers of children who are victims of sexual abuse, covering aspects such as emotional reconciliation, multigenerational characteristics and maternal reactions to the disclosure. Child sexual abuse is considered to be a public health problem and its consequences have been a focus of interest of many researchers. However, few studies have been devoted to exploring the maternal characteristics involved in this complex cycle of violence. In general, mothers of sexually abused children are not depicted as perpetrators of the abuse, but in some way they find themselves involved, either as victims of or witnesses to this situation. On the other hand, many factors influence the mothers' reactions when faced with the revelation of the abuse, such as the perceptions of the social support service and the mothers' personality traits, amongst others. Research has demonstrated the continuity of violence from generation to generation, pointing to the need for longitudinal studies on child sexual abuse. Uniterms: Child abuse. Mothers. Personality traits. Sexual abuse.
Faltings plus epsilon , Wiles plus epsilon , and the Generalized Fermat Equation

Wiles’ proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem puts to rest one of the most famous unsolved problems in mathematics, a question that has been a wellspring for much of modern algebraic number theory. While celebrating Wiles’ achievement, one also feels a twinge of regret at Fermat’s demise. Is the Holy Grail of number theorists to become a mere footnote in the history books? Hoping to keep some of the spirit of Fermat alive, I would like to discuss the generalized Fermat equation
Towards an environment for the production and the validation of lexical semantic resources

We present the components of a processing chain for the creation, visualization, and validation of lexical resources (formed of terms and relations between terms). The core of the chain is a component for building lexical networks relying on Harris’ distributional hypothesis applied on the syntactic dependencies produced by the French parser FRMG on large corpora. Another important aspect concerns the use of an online interface for the visualization and collaborative validation of the resulting resources.
Wire Topology Optimization for Low Power CMOS

An increasing fraction of dynamic power consumption can be attributed to switched interconnect capacitances. Non-uniform wire spacing depending on activity had shown promising power reductions for on-chip buses. In this paper, a new and fast routing optimization methodology based on non-uniform spacing is proposed for entire circuits. No area investment is required, since whitespace remaining after detailed routing is exploited. The proposed methodology has been implemented and tapped into an industry-proven design flow. Wire power reductions of up to 9.55% for modern multiprocessor benchmarks with tight area constraints are demonstrated, twice as much as approaches that do not take switching activities into account. Timing is not adversely affected, and the yield limit is slightly improved.
Mixed chimerism and permanent specific transplantation tolerance induced by a nonlethal preparative regimen

The use of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation as a means of inducing donor-specific tolerance across MHC barriers could provide an immunologically specific conditioning regimen for organ transplantation. However, a major limitation to this approach is the toxicity of whole body irradiation as currently used to abrogate host resistance and permit marrow engraftment. The present study describes methodology for abrogating host resistance and permitting marrow engraftment without lethal irradiation. Our preparative protocol involves administration of anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 mAbs in vivo, 300-rad WBI, 700-rad thymic irradiation, and unmanipulated fully MHC-disparate bone marrow. B10 mice prepared by this regimen developed stable mixed lymphohematopoetic chimerism without any clinical evidence of graft-vs.- host disease. Engraftment was accompanied by induction of specific tolerance to donor skin grafts (B10.D2), while third-party skin grafts (B10.BR) were promptly rejected. Mice treated with the complete regimen without bone marrow transplantation appeared healthy and enjoyed long- term survival. This study therefore demonstrates that stable mixed chimerism with donor-specific tolerance can be induced across an MHC barrier after a nonlethal preparative regimen, without clinical GVHD and without the risk of aplasia.
Functions of Prosody for Pronominal Anaphora

987 Abstract In this paper, we investigate the eeect of acoustic prosodic marking of demonstrative and deenite pronouns. While deenites tend to have higher overall F0 than demonstratives, this marking is subject to a large amount of random variation. Prosodically marked demonstratives tend to have \unusual" antecedents such as NPs. However, the prosodic information extracted from the data is not suucient to predict antecedent type reliably. The perceptual importance of the acoustic prosodic cues found in the data remains to be investigated.
Queueing analysis of service deferrals for load management in power systems

With the advent of renewable sources and Smart-Grid deployments, it is increasingly common to control demands in order to reduce power consumption variability and thus the need for regulation, with load aggregators now exploiting the deferability of some power loads to smooth the consumption profile. In this paper, we analyze the impact of service deferrals and scheduling on power consumption variability using tools from queueing theory. We consider a generic model for a load aggregator that receive job requests, involving a certain amount of energy to be provided and a deadline. We analyze different scheduling policies and examine the impact of service deferrals, quantifying the tradeoff between variance reduction and attained deadlines.
Creating An Optimal Clinical Learning Environment For Undergraduate Nursing Students: Preceptors’ Views

Title: Creating an Optimal Clinical Learning Environment for Undergraduate Nursing Students: Preceptors’ Views Author: Mayumi Negishi, MPH, RN Approved: __________________________________________________________ Deborah Messecar, PhD, MPH, RN, AGCNS-BC Associate Professor, OHSU, School of Nursing, Dissertation Chair Understanding preceptors’ perceptions of an optimal Clinical Learning Environment (CLE) is essential to improving students’ clinical learning. The purpose of this study was to describe preceptors’ perceptions of what is needed to create an optimal hospital-based Clinical Learning Environment (CLE) for undergraduate nursing students. The specific aims of the study were to 1) explore preceptors’ assumptions of what constitutes an optimal CLE for undergraduate nursing students; 2) describe the factors that preceptors view as facilitators or barriers to optimal student learning; and, 3) describe the strategies that preceptors identify to create an optimal CLE. A qualitative descriptive design was used to address the aims of the study. Thirteen registered nurses who completed preceptor training and were identified as expert preceptors by clinical faculty were recruited to participate in the study. In-depth interviews with open-ended questions were conducted. Participants were asked about their perceptions of what constitutes an optimal CLE for student learning. Challenges and ways to overcome those challenges were also explored. Data were analyzed with thematic coding. Five themes were identified from the data: 1) Unit characteristics; 2) Preceptor characteristics; 3) Faculty characteristics; 4) Student characteristics; and 5) Strategies. The fit of the theme and strategies, along with the Cognitive Apprenticeship Model originally introduced
Tracking Code Clone for Software Traceability and Quality

As one of the major problems in software maintenance, code clone, a pair of duplicated code in a source code, is well known. For software improvement, it is valuable to track code clone which has potential risk. This is because to determine how to treat code clones needs deep insight for the code clones. However, such code clone tracking is hard task especially for fresh developer. To support tracking code clones, we have proposed code clone history detection method. Code clone history reflects various manipulations to code clones including introduction, deletion, or just leaving unchanged. It also contains information about creator or modifier of code clones, and time of each manipulation. This means that tracking code clone history reveals many results of developer’s decisions about code clones. Thus, we assume various clues to improve software quality can be retrieved from tracking information of code clones.
A temporal logic characterisation of observational determinism

This paper studies observational determinism, a generalisation of non-interference for multi-threaded programs. Standard notions of non-interference only consider input and output of programs, but to ensure the security of multithreaded programs, one has to consider execution traces. In earlier work, Zdancewic and Myers propose to consider a multi-threaded program secure when it behaves deterministic w.r. t. its public (or low) variables, i.e. traces of public variables should not depend on private (or high) variables. This property is called observational determinism. The original definition of observational determinism still allows to reveal private data; this paper corrects this. The main contribution of this paper is a rephrasing of the definition of observational determinism in terms of a temporal logic. This allows to use standard model checking techniques to verify observational determinism, which has the advantage that the verification is automatic and precise. Moreover in case the verification fails, model checking can produce a counterexample. We characterise observational determinism in CTL* and in the polyadic modal mu-calculus. For both logics, model checking algorithms exist
A practical third-party auditor prototype for cloud storage service

Cloud storage service is a prominent application for recent years. Several famous cloud service providers (CSPs) offer some free volume to users and provide the file synchronization as a convenient function. However, whether the files stored at a CSP are secure or not is a main concern for users. However, it is reported that some famous CSPs lack sound security protection, like no password verification or the missing of stored files. Therefore, how to ensure the security strength of CSPs is an important issue. Nevertheless, most of current CSPs did not provide convictive security mechanism to beef up their security. For example, most of CSPs only claim that they will encrypt the stored files in their storage servers, but the encryption key are picked by the CSPs themselves. In this paper, a practical third-party auditor (TPA) prototype for cloud storage service is proposed to strengthen the properties of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Moreover, the TPA cannot realize the content of the stored file during verification. Our scheme also provides a useful function to measure the failure time of the CSP.
Human control of robot swarms with dynamic leaders

Controlling a swarm of robots after deployment is difficult, due to the unpredictable and emergent behavior of swarm algorithms. Past work has focused on influencing the swarm via statically selected leaders-swarm members that the operator directly controls-that are pre-selected and remain leaders throughout the scenario execution. This paper investigates the use of dynamically selected leaders that are directly controlled by the human operator to guide the rest of the swarm, which is operating under a flocking-style algorithm. The goal of the operator is to move the swarm to goal regions that arise dynamically in the environment. We experimentally investigated (a) the effect of density of leaders on the ease of human control and system performance, and (b) how restriction of information communicated to the human operator affects the ability to guide the swarm to goal regions. The density of leaders is computed based on an extension of the random competition clustering (RCC) algorithm used in wireless sensor networks to select cluster heads. In particular, we studied the effect of different guarantees of the maximum number of hops in the communication graph from any robot to the nearest leader. Increasing the maximum hop guarantee effectively lowers the density of leaders in the swarm. Our results show that, while there was a large drop in the number of goals reached when moving from a 1-hop to a 2-hop guarantee, the difference between a 2-hop and 3-hop guarantee was not statistically significant. Furthermore, we found that performance was just as good when the information returned to the operator was restricted, showing that operators can still navigate a swarm even when they have imperfect information.
Computational Hardness and Explicit Constructions of Error Correcting Codes

We outline a procedure for using pseudorandom generators to construct binary codes with good properties, assuming the existence of sufficiently hard functions. Specifically, we give a polynomial time algorithm, which for every integers $n$ and $k$, constructs polynomially many linear codes of block length $n$ and dimension $k$, most of which achieving the Gilbert- Varshamov bound. The success of the procedure relies on the assumption that the exponential time class of $E := DTIME[2^{O(n)}]$ is not contained in the sub-exponential space class $DSPACE[2^{o(n)}]$. The methods used in this paper are by now standard within computational complexity theory, and the main contribution of this note is observing that they are relevant to the construction of optimal codes. We attempt to make this note self contained, and describe the relevant results and proofs from the theory of pseudorandomness in some detail.
Thyroid Cancer: Molecular Aspects and New Therapeutic Strategies

Despite that thyroid cancer accounts for over 90% of tumors that arise from the endocrine system, these tumors barely represent 2% of solid tumors in adults. Many entities are grouped under the general term of thyroid cancer, and they differ in histological features as well as molecular and clinical behavior. Thus, the prognosis for patients with thyroid cancer ranges from a survival rate of >97% at 5 years, in the case of differentiated thyroid tumors sensitive to radioactive iodine, to a 4-month median survival for anaplastic tumors. The high vascularity in these tumors and the important role that oncogenic mutations may have in the RAS/RAF/MEK pathway and oncogenicity (as suggested by activating mutations and rearrangements of the RET gene) have led to the development of multitarget inhibitors in different histological subgroups of patients. The correct molecular characterization of patients with thyroid cancer is thought to be a key aspect for the future clinical management of these patients.
A subclass of harmonic univalent functions with positive coefficients associated with fractional calculus operator

In the present paper, we are defining a subclass of harmonic univalent functions with positive coefficients in unit disc $U$ by using fractional calculus operator. Further we obtain distortion bounds, extreme points and radii of convexity for functions belonging to this class and discuss a class preserving integral operator. Here we also determine that the class studied in this paper is closed under convolution and convex combinations.