Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long‐term dynamics of wild primate populations across forests with contrasting protection in Tanzania

Anthropogenic activities driving tropical forests' loss imperil global biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services. In this context, systematic monitoring programs evaluating wildlife trends are essential. Non‐human primates are relevant conservation targets since they represent vital components of tropical forests by serving as pollinators and seed dispersers. Here, we present primate group counts data collected over 19 years in a primate hotspot in Tanzania. We analyzed data with a hierarchical dynamic model accounting for imperfect detection that estimates local group abundance and temporal rates of change, to assess whether habitat protection explained trends of the arboreal and diurnal Peters' Angola colobus (Colobus angolensis palliatus), Udzungwa red colobus (Piliocolobus gordonorum), and Tanzania Sykes' monkey (Cercopithecus mitis subsp. moloneyi). We targeted populations occurring in two forest blocks with contrasting protection regimes, with one block impacted by targeted poaching of the two Colobus species. We found that these latter species were much less abundant in the more human impacted forest, underwent a rapid decline, and subsequently remained at low abundance and without signs of recovery once this forest was granted greater protection. Instead, Sykes' abundance did not differ between forests, and improved protection was associated with a slight increase in abundance. Age class composition for social groups of both Colobus species differed between forests, indicating altered births and survivorship rates in the impacted forest. Results suggest that targeted hunting can prevent recovery for several years and even after increased habitat protection. Our approach appears valuable to monitor population dynamics over the long term, highlighting species‐specific variations in both vulnerability to anthropogenic disturbance and recovery patterns in primate populations.
Fusion Hybrid Linear Actuator: Concept and Disturbance Resistance Evaluation

The response of robot actuators to various dynamic interactions during contact tasks is not trivial because there exists a tradeoff between actuator-thrust force density and back-drivability. Although hybrid actuation approaches are promising, complex transmission mechanisms are necessary to synthesize forces from heterogeneous actuators. This study presents a novel concept of a fusion hybrid linear actuator to address the fundamental problems in conventional hybrid actuation approaches. The concept embodies an integrated structure of an air cylinder and a linear motor and shares the moving spaces of the piston and moving part of the linear motor inside the compact housing of the actuator. Herein, the design strategy requirements and its structural optimization processes are discussed. A kinetic friction model of a pneumatic cylinder that considers a piston structure is proposed to improve the force characteristics during dynamic interaction. Furthermore, a quantitative benchmark test is developed to maintain the contact force constant against a load actuator, to evaluate the disturbance resistance under a wide range of target contact force conditions. The concept and performance were validated by experiments comparing the proposed hybrid actuation condition with conventional pneumatic actuation conditions.
Lecanora s.lat. (Ascomycota, Lecanoraceae) in Brazil: DNA Barcoding Coupled with Phenotype Characters Reveals Numerous Novel Species

We sequenced over 200 recent specimens of Lecanora s.lat. from Brazil, delimiting 28 species in our material. Many seem to represent undescribed species, some of which being morphologically and chemically similar to each other or to already described species. Here, we present a phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, including our specimens and GenBank data. We describe nine new species. The purpose of the paper is to illustrate the diversity of the genus in Brazil, not to focus on segregate genera. However, we found that all Vainionora species cluster together and these will be treated separately. Other Lecanora species with dark hypothecium clustered in several different clades. Species with the morphology of Lecanora caesiorubella, in which currently several subspecies with different chemistry and distribution are recognized, fall apart in different, distantly related clades, so they cannot be regarded as subspecies but should be recognized at species level. A key is given for the Lecanora species from Brazil.
L'allomorphie radicale et la relation flexion-construction

La base d’une opération de construction se présente rarement sous une forme transparente. Prenons l’exemple des adjectifs en -eux dérivés de noms, dont le tableau 1 fournit quelques exemples. Dans certains cas (aventureux, etc.), la forme de l’adjectif coïncide avec l’ajout du suffixe -eux (/ø/) à la forme du singulier du nom ; mais dans de nombreux cas (vaporeux, injurieux, spongieux, etc.), ce qui précède le suffixe ne correspond pas directement à la forme du singulier du nom.
Exploring personality moderation effects on satisfaction and loyalty in the airline industry

Purpose: The United States airline industry is a highly competitive industry. Airlines could benefit from satisfied and loyal customers. This study investigates the effect of personality traits of airline consumers on satisfaction and loyalty in the U.S. airline market.Design/methodology/approach: An online survey was constructed to measure the “big five” personality traits, service quality, satisfaction, and loyalty. Data were collected using Amazon Mechanical Turk, resulting in 624 respondents. Factor analysis was conducted using principal component extraction and varimax rotation.Findings: The results show that service quality, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness influence airline satisfaction, while satisfaction, neuroticism and openness influence behavioral intention loyalty. When moderation effects were examined, openness was the only moderating personality trait.Originality/value: This research examined the big-five personality traits, often not investigated in airline satisfaction and loyalty studies. This study offers several managerial insights and theoretical implications that practitioners and researchers who are interested in airline satisfaction and loyalty might use. Further, this study may provide a foundation for future research in airline and airport satisfaction, loyalty and service quality.
Associations of Homocysteine, Folate, and Vitamin B12 with Osteoarthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Homocysteine, inversely related to folate and vitamin B12, is an independent risk factor for several age-related disorders. However, little is known about the association of homocysteine and related vitamins with osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to elucidate the potential causal effects of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 on site- and gender-specific OA by applying the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Genetically predicted homocysteine showed adverse effects on overall OA (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.044–1.155), knee OA (95% CI: 1.000–1.167), hip OA (95% CI: 1.057–1.297), and spine OA (95% CI: 1.017–1.216). Genetically predicted folate showed protective effects on overall OA (95% CI: 0.783–0.961) and spine OA (95% CI: 0.609–0.954). Folate (95% CI: 0.887–1.004) and vitamin B12 (95% CI: 0.886–1.009) showed a protective trend against knee OA. The patterns of associations were site and gender specific. In conclusion, homocysteine had adverse effects on OA, especially on OA at weight-bearing joints and in females. Folate and vitamin B12 had protective effects on OA. Homocysteine-lowering interventions may be a potential option in the treatment and prevention of OA.
Physicochemical Properties of Organic Molecular Ferroelectric Diisopropylammonium Chloride Thin Films

We fabricated ferroelectric films of the organic molecular diisopropylammonium chloride (DIPAC) using the dip-coating technique and characterized their properties using various methods. Fourier-transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the structural features of the films. We also performed ab-initio calculations to investigate the electronic and polar properties of the DIPAC crystal, which were found to be consistent with the experimental results. In particular, the optical band gap of the DIPAC crystal was estimated to be around 4.5 eV from the band structure total density-of-states obtained by HSE06 hybrid functional methods, in good agreement with the value derived from the Tauc plot analysis (4.05 ± 0.16 eV). The films displayed an island-like morphology on the surface and showed increasing electrical conductivity with temperature, with a calculated thermal activation energy of 2.24 ± 0.03 eV. Our findings suggest that DIPAC films could be a promising alternative to lead-based perovskites for various applications such as piezoelectric devices, optoelectronics, sensors, data storage, and microelectromechanical systems.
Supervised gamma process Poisson factorization

iv List of Tables . vii List of Figures . viii Chapter
Time Variability of the Ca II K Emission Line of Giants

This paper reports the results of a program to search for evidence of time variability in the profile of the central emission component of the Ca ii K line of a sample of Population I field giant stars. High resolution spectra of this line have been obtained using echelle and coudé spectrographs on the 82-inch (2.1-m) and 107-inch (2.7-m) telescopes of McDonald Observatory. Data are drawn from previous papers of Smith & Shetrone and combined with new observations obtained during the period 2004–2007 to give multiple observations for a sample of 31 evolved giant stars extending over the period 1998–2007. The asymmetry of the Ca ii K2 emission profile has been quantified by the parameter V/R, which is defined to be the ratio of the intensity in the violet emission peak to the intensity in the red emission peak. Among the giants in our sample with 0.85 < (B - V) < 1.25 the individual V/R values fall mainly in the range 0.97 < (V/R) < 1.27, while for those giants with (B - V) > 1.3 this range broadens to 0.7 < (V/R) < 1.27. A number of the giants in our sample are found to have temporal variations in V/R. The range observed in this parameter for any given star is Δ(V/R) < 0.26, with the largest variations being around the 3.5 σ level in our data. Evidence for variability in V/R is found among both giants with (B - V) < 1.2 and (B - V) > 1.3. By contrast, some of the giants in our sample showed no evidence of variability in their emission asymmetry. Most of the giants in our sample that show V/R < 1.0 on at least one occasion have colors of (B - V) > 1.3. Nonetheless, some of the stars of such color do show blue-dominant asymmetry. Furthermore, some giants of this color are clearly variable in their emission asymmetry and are seen to change from blue-dominant emission profiles (V/R > 1.0) to red-dominant (V/R < 1.0) or vice versa. Thus, in terms of the behavior of V/R as a function of position in the color-magnitude diagram, there is a transition in a statistical sense from mainly blue-dominant asymmetry at (B - V) < 1.3 to red-dominant at around (B - V) ∼ 1.4. However, within the color range 1.3 < (B - V) < 1.4, a wide range of asymmetries occurs, as found originally by Stencel, and time variability appears to be one explanation for both blue and red-dominant asymmetries occurring in this domain. Upon dividing our sample according to metallicity, those giants with [Fe/H] < -0.2 evince a transition to red-dominant asymmetry (i.e., V/R < 1.0) at slightly bluer B - V color than giants with [Fe/H] > -0.1. Among giants with 0.8 < (B - V) < 1.2 the mean values of V/R found in our sample range from 1.05 to 1.20, whereas the individual V/R values at any given time shower a broader scatter from ∼0.97 to 1.27. Among such stars there is also evidence of time variability, although in most cases it does not include a transition to a red-dominant V/R value of <1.0.
The steady‐state format of global climate

It can be proved for certain small-scale convective heat transfer processes that the preferred steady-state mode is one of maximum entropy production. The constraint is more or less equivalent to one of maximum kinetic energy dissipation or of maximum convective heat transport. Evidence is accumulating that the same constraint may apply on the much larger scale of the earth-atmosphere system. The concept is accepted as the basis of a purely thermodynamic model of the mean annual global climate. The model allows a prieri calculation of the broad-scale geographic distributions of cloud, surface temperature, horizontal energy fluxes in the ocean and in the atmosphere, net radiant energy inputs, etc. The agreement with observation strongly supports the basic concept. It suggests also that, to the extent allowed by the degrees of freedom in the dynamics, the partition of atmospheric and oceanic energy flow is determined by a requirement to equalize the local dissipations in the two media.
Estimation of Screening Current Induced Field on Short Period Planar HTS Undulator

One of the possible obstacles for future high temperature superconductor (HTS) undulator is undesirable field distribution changes due to screening current induced field (SCF). In this study, we investigated the effects of SCF of short period planar undulator magnet using a numerical simulation, specifically H-formulation with nonlinear BH curve of iron core considered. First, we used a periodic screening current analysis model to investigate <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula>-value and spool-by-spool critical current dependent hysteresis behavior of undulator field change due to SCF. The results with selected <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math></inline-formula>-value and spool-by-spool critical current values may be used to estimate the possible variations of undulator field due to SCF. After that, the temporal behavior of undulator field with and without the current sweep reversal method is also investigated.
Accretion Discs in Astrophysics

If we put a particle in a circular orbit around a central gravitating body, it will stay in that orbit. If we then extract energy and angular momentum from the particle we may allow it to spiral slowly inwards. The amount of energy that can be extracted by such a process is equal to the binding energy of the innermost accessible orbit. For orbits around sufficiently compact objects a reasonable fraction of the particle's rest mass energy can be extracted. For example, of order 10 percent of the rest mass can be obtained from orbits around a neutron star and up to around 40 percent for orbits around a black hole. Thus, the accretion process can be an effi­ cient converter of rest mass to radiation. The problem is to set up the process that can extract the energy and angular momentum. If we consider a blob of gas in a circular orbit then we have more flexibility. In particular, if we can find a method of redistributing angular momentum among the gas particles in order to let some of them fall into the potential well, then we are in a position to extract the potential energy so released. The accretion disc provides just such a method. The efficiency with which energy is released and the ubiquity of angular momentum explains why accretion discs are popular in models for some of the most luminous objects-X-ray stars and quasars. However, accretion disc theory predates the discovery of both these, and it is to these initial developments that we now tum our attention.
Relationship Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a disorder characterized by obsessions and compulsions and negatively affects the functionality of individuals. OCD symptoms with romantic relationship content have been investigated in the literature for the last 10 years. OCD symptoms with romantic relationship content are divided into two types: relationship-centered and partner-focused. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between OCD symptoms with romantic relationship content and individual and relational variables. Studies in the literature were reviewed in detail in order to evaluate the results regarding the relationship between OCD symptoms in romantic relationships and individual and relational factors. In the national and international literature, no systematic review study on this subject was found. Accordingly, studies published between 2012 and 2022 in internationally accepted electronic databases using the terms "relationship obsessive compulsive disorder", "relationship centered obsessive compulsive symptoms" and "partner focused obsessive compulsive symptoms" were reviewed. As a result of the search, according to the inclusion criteria, 12 empirical studies on the relationship between OCD in romantic relationships and individual and relational variables with full-text access and written in English were analyzed. The methodological characteristics and results of the 12 included studies are presented in this systematic review study. The results of the studies suggest that symptoms related to romantic relationships negatively affect the functioning of individuals similar to OCD. When the variables associated with obsessive-compulsive symptoms in romantic relationships are analyzed in individual and relational context, they are related to many factors such as psychopathologies, attachment styles, self and relationship satisfaction. In this context, there is a need for empirical studies carried out with clinical samples, exploring the effectiveness of psychotherapy and cross-cultural studies on obsessive-compulsive symptoms related to romantic relationships. Keywords:
A Rapid Method for Impact Analysis of Grid-Edge Technologies on Power Distribution Networks

This paper presents a novel rapid estimation method (REM) to perform stochastic impact analysis of grid-edge technologies (GETs) to the power distribution networks. The evolution of network states' probability density functions (PDFs) in terms of GET penetration levels are characterized by the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE). The FPE is numerically solved to compute the PDFs of network states, and a calibration process is also proposed such that the accuracy of the REM is maintained for large-scale distribution networks. The approach is illustrated on a large-scale realistic distribution network using a modified version of the IEEE 8500 feeder, where electric vehicles (EVs) or photovoltaic systems (PVs) are installed at various penetration rates. It is demonstrated from quantitative analyses that the results from our proposed approach have negligible errors comparing with those obtained from Monte Carlo simulations.
Stability design for a class of networked control systems

For a class of networked control systems(NCS) with equality constraint,this paper addresses the problem of designing controller,sampling period and the maximum allowable delay bound(MADB). The Lyapunov function,linear matrix inequality(LMI) methods are used to derive a sufficient condition,which can guarantee that the NCS is asymptotically stable.Based on that fact,in terms of convex optimization techniques,the maximum allowable transfer interval(MATI) and controller are obtained.The MATI can be used as the rule to determine data sampling period and the MADB.Finally,the numerical and simulation example illustrate the validity of the proposed method.
On the approximate solutions to a damped harmonic oscillator with higher-order nonlinearities on a rough plane

The harmonic oscillator is an important physical model in both classical mechanics and quantum mechanics which describes the dynamics of an object displaced from its equilibrium position. The damped harmonic oscillator has already been well studied on a smooth plane. However, it is hard to avoid energy dissipation caused by a plane in real cases. Hence, in this paper, the approximate solutions to a damped harmonic oscillator with higher-order nonlinearities on a rough plane is explored mainly by the Cardano-Tartaglia formula. In approximate solutions, an approximate solution is provided under specific prerequisite and a case is studied given the initial conditions. Also, the system error of the approximate solution in approximate solutions is analyzed in error analysis under the restrictions of the initial conditions. In this paper, only a short time span of the damped harmonic oscillator dynamics is analyzed because of the existence of two terms which are mentioned in error analysis.
Manufacture of a Potential Antifungal Ingredient Using Lactic Acid Bacteria from Dry-Cured Sausages

The growing interest in functional foods has fueled the hunt for novel lactic acid bacteria (LAB) found in natural sources such as fermented foods. Thus, the aims of this study were to isolate, identify, characterize, and quantify LAB’s antifungal activity and formulate an ingredient for meat product applications. The overlay method performed a logical initial screening by assessing isolated bacteria’s antifungal activity in vitro. Next, the antifungal activity of the fermented bacteria-free supernatants (BFS) was evaluated by agar diffusion assay against six toxigenic fungi. Subsequently, the antifungal activity of the most antifungal BFS was quantified using the microdilution method in 96-well microplates. The meat broth that showed higher antifungal activity was selected to elaborate on an ingredient to be applied to meat products. Finally, antifungal compounds such as organic acids, phenolic acids, and volatile organic compounds were identified in the chosen-fermented meat broth. The most promising biological candidates belonged to the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus. P. pentosaceus C15 distinguished from other bacteria by the production of antifungal compounds such as nonanoic acid and phenyl ethyl alcohol, as well as the higher production of lactic and acetic acid.
Development of Transdermal Oleogel Containing Olmesartan Medoxomil: Statistical Optimization and Pharmacological Evaluation

Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is a first-line antihypertensive drug with low oral bioavailability (28.6%). This study aimed to develop oleogel formulations to decrease OLM side effects and boost its therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability. OLM oleogel formulations were composed of Tween 20, Aerosil 200, and lavender oil. A central composite response surface design chose the optimized formulation, containing Oil/Surfactant (SAA) ratio of 1:1 and Aerosil % of 10.55%, after showing the lowest firmness and compressibility, and the highest viscosity, adhesiveness, and bioadhesive properties (Fmax and Wad). The optimized oleogel increased OLM release by 4.21 and 4.97 folds than the drug suspension and gel, respectively. The optimized oleogel formulation increased OLM permeation by 5.62 and 7.23 folds than the drug suspension and gel, respectively. The pharmacodynamic study revealed the superiority of the optimized formulation in maintaining normal blood pressure and heart rate for 24 h. The biochemical analysis revealed that the optimized oleogel achieved the best serum electrolyte balance profile, preventing OLM-induced tachycardia. The pharmacokinetic study showed that the optimized oleogel increased OLM’s bioavailability by more than 4.5- and 2.5-folds compared to the standard gel and the oral market tablet, respectively. These results confirmed the success of oleogel formulations in the transdermal delivery of OLM.