Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of maternal smoking habits before pregnancy and antioxidative supplementation during pregnancy on oxidative stress status in a non-complicated pregnancy.

BACKGROUND As a physiological condition closely linked with increased susceptibility to oxidative stress, pregnancy can be further compromised by cigarette smoking. Inadequate nutrition and reduced intake of antioxidants can also disrupt the prooxidant/antioxidant relationship and contribute to oxidative stress. Increased oxidative stress during pregnancy may be involved in several complications of pregnancy, such as preterm labor, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia and miscarriage. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of maternal smoking habits before pregnancy on the parameters of oxidative stress and the antioxidative defense system, lipid profile parameters and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity during the third trimester of uncomplicated pregnancies. MATERIAL AND METHODS Healthy pregnant women (n = 86) were divided into non-smoking and smoking groups, and into groups taking vitamin supplements and not taking them. Oxidative damage was measured through the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS) and plasma antioxidant status was evaluated by measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC). RESULTS TBARS concetration was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and PON1 activity was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the smokers' group. No significant differences were found in the investigated parameters in relation to vitamin supplement intake. CONCLUSIONS Habitual smoking before pregnancy is associated with increased oxidative stress. Vitamin supplementation has no effect on the oxidative stress status of healthy pregnant women.
Introduction to the Issue

plines designed to shed new light on the racial inequalities that persist today. As the title implies, the focus of the volume is on the legacy of Plessy v. Ferguson and not necessarily on the direct impacts of the causal effects of the Supreme Court decision.1 The symposium is guided by the question of how it is that something that happened 125 years ago—and was presumably reversed more than fifty years ago—still has an enduring impact on racial disparities. The 125th anniversary of Plessy v. Ferguson in 2021 provides an appropriate forum to bring a magnifying glass to race and segregation in the United States—past and present—along with a robust conversation around citizenship, colorism, and civil rights. Plessy is perhaps one of the most significant U.S. Supreme Court decisions affecting race reIntroduction to the Issue
The Effect of Negative and Positive Emotionality on Associative Memory: An fMRI Study

In general, emotion is known to enhance memory processes. However, the effect of emotion on associative memory and the underling neural mechanisms remains largely unexplored. In this study, we explored brain activation during an associative memory task that involved the encoding and retrieval of word and face pairs. The word and face pairs consisted of either negative or positive words with neutral faces. Significant hippocampal activation was observed during both encoding and retrieval, regardless of whether the word was negative or positive. Negative and positive emotionality differentially affected the hemodynamic responses to encoding and retrieval in the amygdala, with increased responses during encoding negative word and face pairs. Furthermore, activation of the amygdala during encoding of negative word and neutral face pairs was inversely correlated with subsequent memory retrieval. These findings suggest that activation of the amygdala induced by negative emotion during encoding may disrupt associative memory performance.
Estrogen and progesterone receptor mrna levels in primary breast cancer: Association with patient survival and other clinical and tumor features

The relative expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) mRNA transcripts was measured in 71 primary breast‐cancer biopsies. ER and PR binding activity were estimated in parallel by the dextran‐coated‐charcoal method. There was a close correlation between the amount of ER mRNA and estradiol binding activity. Tumors from post‐menopausal patients contained higher levels of ER mRNA than those from pre‐menopausal patients. Northern‐blot analysis indicated the presence of a major band of 6.3 kb in all ER mRNA‐positive tumors. Some tumors showed, in addition, 3,7‐ and 2.4‐kb transcripts. PR binding activity and overall PR mRNA levels correlated moderately. PR mRNA and ER mRNA were associated. Four PR mRNA species with estimated sizes of 11.4, 4.5, 3.7 and 2.5 kb were detected in 14% of the PR mRNA‐positive tumors. The 3.7‐kb transcript was detected to varying degrees in all PR mRNA‐positive biopsies, accompanied in some tumors by the 2.5‐kb species. ER and PR mRNA levels < 50 pg/5 μg total RNA correlated with prolonged survival of the patients. In addition, high ER mRNA levels were associated with absence of necrosis and vascular invasion together with absence or minimal level of tumor lymphocytic infiltration, but not with age, clinical stage, tumor size or overexpression of c‐myc or c‐erbB‐2 mRNA. PR mRNA was not statistically associated with any of the above clinicopathological features. A bivariate analysis showed that both ER and PR mRNA levels were able to predict overall survival independently of the lymph‐node status. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gestion des compétences, impératifs économiques et préoccupations sociales: un mariage forcé ?

Cette communication entend faire le point sur les modalites d‘introduction d‘une demarche competences, a l‘aide d‘un cadre d‘analyse contextualiste. Nous essayons de montrer que, contrairement aux presupposes d‘une certaine litterature normative, la demarche competences ne contribue pas necessairement a l‘articulation harmonieuse des logiques economiques et sociales : elle peut parfois s‘operer dans une logique purement economique, en-dehors de toute consideration sociale. La discussion proposee est menee a partir de deux etudes de cas dans le secteur de la siderurgie et de la banque. On y mesure l‘influence des differences de contexte, aboutissant a des contenus radicalement opposes : dans le premier cas, l‘adoption d‘une strategie de rationalisation et de leadership des couts, pour faire face a la crise du secteur, conduit a privilegier une approche principalement centree sur les exigences de la production ; dans le second cas, la preference accordee a une strategie de differenciation, dans le cadre d‘une fusion entre deux entreprises, semble bel et bien favoriser les possibilites de developpement personnel des collaborateurs. Neanmoins, au-dela des differences de contexte, c‘est le processus d‘introduction de la demarche competences qui semble compter avant tout: meme avec une finalite purement economique dans le premier cas, le processus a ete gere de maniere prudente, dans le respect des positions syndicales, et avec un evident souci de maintenir un climat social relativement serein.
More on nested monitor calls

M~ J o s e p h a n d VoR~ P r a s a d N a t i o n a l C e n t r e f o r S o f t w a r e D e v e l o p m e n t a n d C o m p u t i n g T e c h n i q u e s T a t a I n s t i t u t e of F u n d a m e n t a l R e s e a r c h H o m i B h a b h a R o a d , C o l a b a B o m b a y 400 0 0 5 , I n d i a W h i l e we a c c e p t t h a t t h e r e a r e p r o b l e m s w i t h n e s t e d m o n i t o r c a l l s , we b e l i e v e t h a t o p e r at i n g s y s t e m s a r e o f t e n s t r u c t u r e d u s i n g n e s t e d m o n i t o r c a l l s f o r l a c k of a n a l t e r n a t i v e l a n g u a g e c o n s t r u c t t h a t w i l l p e r m i t s a f e a c c e s s b y d i f f e r e n t p r o c e s s e s (note t h a t a c l a s s w i l l n o t m e e t t h i s r e q u i r e m e n t). s of t h i s n o t e , t h …
Analysis of HPV Vaccine Information on Influential Blog Sites: A Snapshot Amid the 2011 Republican Presidential Primary Debates

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. Two vaccines have been approved to protect against the virus. Politicians have pushed for legislation to increase HPV vaccination rates and stop the spread of this cancer-causing disease. During the Republican presidential primary of 2011, HPV vaccination mandates, which require young girls entering the 6th grade to receive the vaccine, became a controversial issue. This study examined 167 unique blog posts on influential blog sites, in the wake of increased political attention to the issue of HPV vaccination mandates, to determine how the HPV vaccine is discussed online. Our analysis revealed significant differences in presentation of health information and general tone toward the vaccine between blog entries posted on different types of sites. Blog posts on political and general news sites were more negative toward the HPV vaccine than posts on health and science sites. On the issue of HPV vaccination mandates, bloggers seemed deeply divided, no matter the type of site. However, political and general news sites were more likely to highlight conspiracies between the government and vaccine manufacturers. Results show there is a considerable amount of debate regarding the HPV vaccine and HPV vaccination mandates in the blogosphere. Implications of the findings for vaccine risk communication are discussed.
Advances in surfaces and osseointegration in implantology. Biomimetic surfaces

The present work is a revision of the processes occurring in osseointegration of titanium dental implants according to different types of surfaces -namely, polished surfaces, rough surfaces obtained from subtraction methods, as well as the new hydroxyapatite biomimetic surfaces obtained from thermochemical processes. Hydroxyapatite’s high plasma-projection temperatures have proven to prevent the formation of crystalline apatite on the titanium dental implant, but lead to the formation of amorphous calcium phosphate (i.e., with no crystal structure) instead. This layer produce some osseointegration yet the calcium phosphate layer will eventually dissolve and leave a gap between the bone and the dental implant, thus leading to osseointegration failure due to bacterial colonization. A new surface -recently obtained by thermochemical processes- produces, by crystallization, a layer of apatite with the same mineral content as human bone that is chemically bonded to the titanium surface. Osseointegration speed was tested by means of minipigs, showing bone formation after 3 to 4 weeks, with the security that a dental implant can be loaded. This surface can be an excellent candidate for immediate or early loading procedures. Key words:Dental implants, implants surfaces, osseointegration, biomimetics surfaces.
Children in the City: Home Neighbourhood and Community

New perspectives on children in the city, Pia Christensen and Margaret O'Brien place, space and knowledge - children in the village and the city, Pia Christensen children's views of family, home and house, Gunilla Hallden "displaced" children? - risks and opportunities in a Caribbean urban environment, Karen Fog Olwig shaping daily life in urban environments, Helga Zeiher children in the neighbourhood - the neighbourhood in the children, Kim Rasmussen and Soren Smidt the street as liminal space: the barbed spaces of childhood, Hugh Matthews neighbourhood quality in children's eyes, Louise Chalwa and Karen Malone reviving children's neighbourhoods - what do children want? , Margaret O'Brien improving the neighbourhood for children - possibilities and limitations of "social capital" discourses, Virginia Morrow planning childhood - children's social participation in the town of adults, Claudio Baraldi.
Properties of Scoring Auctions

This Paper studies scoring auctions, a procedure commonly used to buy differentiated products: suppliers submit offers on all dimensions of the good (price, level of non monetary attributes), and these are evaluated using a scoring rule. We provide a systematic analysis of equilibrium behaviour in scoring auctions when suppliers’ private information is multidimensional (characterization of equilibrium behaviour and expected utility equivalence) and show that scoring auctions dominate several other commonly used procedures for buying differentiated products.
Streptomyces cloning: possible construction of novel compounds and regulation of antibiotic biosynthetic genes

Another article (56) provided an overview of the systems available for performing gene-cloning experiments. It also delineated those genes and pathways that people have cloned. The potential application of these systems and the knowledge derived from them to modify therapeutically useful organic compounds compose the content of this article. The limited but rapidly expanding information about regulation in streptomycetes is also covered.
On updates with integrity constraints

In his paper ``Making Counterfactual Assumptions'' Frank Veltman has proposed a new semantics for counterfactual conditionals. It is based on a particular update operation, and we show that it provides a new and interesting way of updating logical databases under integrity constraints which generalizes in particular Winslett's PMA.
An integrated jumping-crawling robot using height-adjustable jumping module

In this paper, we propose a trajectory-adjustable integrated milli-scale jumping-crawling robot with improved ability to overcome obstacles compared to a robot that can only crawl. The robot employs a novel jumping module with enhanced energy storing-capacity and a height-adjustable active trigger. To increase the energy-storing capacity, latex rubber and knee-like joints are employed to utilize large displacement of the elastic material. The active trigger is based on a single DC motor and can release stored energy at any state, enabling the robot to control the take-off speed of jumping. The jumping module is integrated with the lightweight Dash crawler. The integrated jumping-crawling robot weighs 59.4 g and controls its moving trajectory by adjusting both its crawling speed and its jumping take-off speed.
Exploiting full duplex for device-to-device communications in heterogeneous networks

In this article, we discuss full duplex for heterogenous networks that accommodate the coexistence of device-to-device communications. The short link distance and lower transmit power of device-to-device communications make them excellent candidates to exploit full duplex inband transmission. By incorporating power allocation for self-interference cancellation based on antenna isolation, analog cancellation, and digital cancellation, full-duplex device-to-device, FD-D2D, nodes can potentially improve spectrum efficiency in HetNets. We provide a comprehensive overview on FD-D2D communications in Het-Nets. Additionally, we identify several challenges, provide potential solutions to interference mitigation based on power control, beamforming, and resource scheduling, and further discuss applications of FD in 5G networks.
Edna, Epicurus, and Education.

Although she seemed to have everything, Edna's great dissatisfaction in Chopin's novel, The Awakening (1899/1981), led to suicide. Epicurus might have been able to help her. Epicurus believed that people are motivated by pleasure, but distinguished between lasting and fleeting pleasures; people ought to prefer the lasting pleasures. Epicureans sought tranquility through detachment from the things Edna's society valued. Understanding atomic physics would provide the knowledge needed to obtain both freedom from mental disturbances and freedom from bodily pain. Epicurus' advice to live simply in accordance with nature still holds. Why not be eclectic in philosophy of education? Although he does not have all the answers, Epicurus has some ideas useful for educators.
Odor diversity decreases with inbreeding in the ant Hypoponera opacior

Reduction in heterozygosity can lead to inbreeding depression. This loss of genetic variability especially affects diverse loci, such as immune genes or those encoding recognition cues. In social insects, nestmates are recognized by their odor, that is their cuticular hydrocarbon profile. Genes underlying hydrocarbon production are thought to be under balancing selection. If so, inbreeding should result in a loss of chemical diversity. We show here that cuticular hydrocarbon diversity decreases with inbreeding. Studying an ant with a facultative inbreeding lifestyle, we found inbred workers to exhibit both a lower number of hydrocarbons and less diverse, that is less evenly proportioned profiles. The association with inbreeding was strong for methyl‐branched alkanes, which play a major role in nestmate recognition, and for n‐alkanes, whereas unsaturated compounds were unaffected. Shifts in allocation strategies with inbreeding in our focal species indicate that these ants can detect their inbreeding level and use this information to adjust their reproductive strategy. Our study is the first to demonstrate that odor profiles can encode information on inbreeding, with broad implications not only for social insects, but for sexual selection and mate choice in general. Odor profiles may constitute an honest signal of inbreeding, a fitness‐relevant trait in many species.
Tracking Reentry Ballistic Targets using Acceleration and Jerk Models

In this paper an acceleration model and a jerk model are proposed for estimation of the kinematic state of reentry ballistic targets (RBTs) using extended Kalman filters (EKF). The models proposed here use the equations of target kinematics only and do not assume any model parameterization for variation of the ballistic coefficient and air density a priori, as found in the literature. The novelty lies in estimation of the ratio (γ) of air density and ballistic coefficient and its time derivatives using a separate Kalman filter (KF) (γ-filter) which utilizes pseudo measurements of γ computed from the velocity and acceleration estimated by the EKF at each time step. The parameter γ and its derivatives estimated by the γ-filter are, in turn, used for the estimation of position, velocity, acceleration, and jerk in the EKF. The use of the pseudo measurements of γ makes the algorithms inherently adaptive to variations of the ballistic coefficient and air density during reentry. A comparative assessment of several dynamic models for reentry of ballistic targets reported in the literature and those proposed here demonstrates that the estimation errors in velocity and acceleration are significantly less for the proposed models compared with the existing ones.
Angiotensin AT 1 B Receptor Mediates Calcium Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of AT 1 A Receptor – Deficient Mice

Our studies on angiotensin II receptor subtype 1A (AT 1A) knockout mice define how endogenous receptors other than AT1A receptors stimulate changes in cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca ]i) in cultured aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Wild-type cells have a 1.7 ratio of AT 1A/AT1B receptor mRNA as determined by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. Mutant cells express AT 1B receptor mRNA but not that for the AT 1A receptor. In wild-type cells with AT 1A present, Ang II (10 27 mol/L) produces a characteristic rapid peak increase in [Ca]i of 150 to 180 nmol/L, followed by a plateau phase characterized by a sustained 70 to 80 nmol/L increase in [Ca]i. An unexpected finding was that the magnitude and time-dependent pattern of [Ca ]i ch nges produced by Ang II were similar in cells that lacked AT 1A receptors but possessed AT 1B receptors. The response in mutant cells indicates effective coupling of an Ang II receptor to one or more second messenger systems. The similarity of response patterns between cells with and without AT 1A receptors suggests that non-AT 1A receptors are functionally linked to similar signal transduction pathways in mutant cells. The fact that mutant and wild-type cells exhibit similar patterns of calcium mobilization and entry supports the notion that AT 1A and non-AT1A receptors share common signal transduction pathways. The AT2 receptor ligands PD-123319 and CGP-42112 do not alter Ang II effects in either VSMC type, suggesting a paucity of AT 2 receptors and/or an absence of their linkage to [Ca ]i pathways. The nonpeptide AT 1 receptor blocker losartan antagonizes Ang II–induced [Ca ]i increases in both cell groups, supporting mediation by native AT1B receptors and effective coupling of this subtype to second messenger systems leading to calcium entry and mobilization. Our results demonstrate that Ang II causes calcium signaling in AT 1A–deficient VSMCs that is mediated by an endogenous losartan-sensitive AT 1B receptor. (Hypertension. 1998;31:1171-1177.)
High Pressure Compression-Molding of α-Cellulose and Effects of Operating Conditions

Commercial α-cellulose was compression-molded to produce 1A dog-bone specimens under various operating conditions without any additive. The resulting agromaterials exhibited a smooth, plastic-like surface, and constituted a suitable target as replacement for plastic materials. Tensile and three-points bending tests were conducted according to ISO standards related to the evaluation of plastic materials. The specimens had strengths comparable to classical petroleum-based thermoplastics. They also exhibited high moduli, which is characteristic of brittle materials. A higher temperature and higher pressure rate produced specimens with higher mechanical properties while low moisture content produced weaker specimens. Generally, the strong specimen had higher specific gravity and lower moisture content. However, some parameters did not follow the general trend e.g., thinner specimen showed much higher Young’s Modulus, although their specific gravity and moisture content remained similar to control, revealing a marked skin-effect which was confirmed by SEM observations.
Detection of Human Cytomegalovirus in Different Histopathological Types of Glioma in Iraqi Patients

Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an endemic herpes virus that reemerges in cancer patients enhancing oncogenic potential. HCMV infection is associated with certain types of cancer morbidity such as glioblastomas. HCMV, like all other herpes viruses, has the ability to remain latent within the body of the host and can contribute in chronic inflammation. To determine the role of HCMV in glioma pathogenesis, paraffin-embedded blocks from glioma patients (n = 50) and from benign meningioma patients (n = 30) were obtained and evaluated by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction for the evidence of HCMV antigen expression and the presence of viral DNA. We detected HCMV antigen and DNA for IEI-72, pp65, and late antigen in 33/36, 28/36, and 26/36 in glioblastoma multiforme patients whereas 12/14, 10/14, and 9/14 in anaplastic astrocytoma patients, respectively. Furthermore, 84% of glioma patients were positive for immunoglobulin G (IgG) compared to 72.5% among control samples (P = 0.04). These data indicate the presence of the HCMV virus in a high percentage of glioma samples demonstrating distinct histopathological grades and support previous reports showing the presence of HCMV infection in glioma tissue. These studies demonstrate that detection of low-levels of latent viral infections may play an active role in glioma development and pathogenesis.