Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compassion Training Alters Altruism and Neural Responses to Suffering

Compassion is a key motivator of altruistic behavior, but little is known about individuals’ capacity to cultivate compassion through training. We examined whether compassion may be systematically trained by testing whether (a) short-term compassion training increases altruistic behavior and (b) individual differences in altruism are associated with training-induced changes in neural responses to suffering. In healthy adults, we found that compassion training increased altruistic redistribution of funds to a victim encountered outside of the training context. Furthermore, increased altruistic behavior after compassion training was associated with altered activation in brain regions implicated in social cognition and emotion regulation, including the inferior parietal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and in DLPFC connectivity with the nucleus accumbens. These results suggest that compassion can be cultivated with training and that greater altruistic behavior may emerge from increased engagement of neural systems implicated in understanding the suffering of other people, executive and emotional control, and reward processing.
A Demonstration of the SyncPlayer System

The SyncPlayer system is an advanced audio player for multimodal presentation, browsing, and retrieval of music data. The system has been extended significantly in the last few years. In this contribution, we describe the current state of the system and demonstrate the functionalities and interactions of the novel SyncPlayer components including combined interand intra-document music browsing. 1 SYNCPLAYER OVERVIEW The SyncPlayer is a client-server based software framework integrating various MIR-techniques such as music synchronization, content-based retrieval, and multimodal presentation of audio recordings and associated annotations [3]. The framework basically consists of three components: a server component, a client component, and a toolset for data administration (see also Figure 1): • The user operates the client component, which in its basic mode acts like a standard software audio player for *. mp3 and *. wav files. Additional interfaces, e.g., for performing content-based queries as well as various visualization tools, are provided through plug-ins (see Figure 2). • A remote computer system runs the server component, which is capable of identifying audio recordings played by the client and which supplies the client with metadata and annotations for those recordings. Furthermore, the server comprises several types of music search engines. • Several server-side administration tools are used for maintaining the databases and indexes underlying the SyncPlayer system. In a typical SyncPlayer scenario we assume that, on the server-side, there exists a large collection of music documents. Here, for each given piece of music, various digital representations (e. g., audio, MIDI, MusicXML, scanned images of sheet music) as well as associated metadata should be accessible by the server. In the following, this kind of data will be referred to as raw data. The raw data is further processed to generate what we refer to as derived c © 2007 Austrian Computer Society (OCG). Raw Data Audio Data MIDI Data Lyrics Metadata · · ·
Query optimization in information integration for queries involving aggregation and group by

This paper addresses the efficient processing of queries involving aggregation and group-by in the semantic-model approach to information integration. Query processing algorithms materialization, subqueries, and wrapper have been extended for such aggregate queries. Algorithms have been presented for two cases: In the first case information at different sources are disjoint, while in the second case information sources may contain overlapping information.
ramosa2 Encodes a LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARY Domain Protein That Determines the Fate of Stem Cells in Branch Meristems of Maize[W]

Genetic control of grass inflorescence architecture is critical given that cereal seeds provide most of the world's food. Seeds are borne on axillary branches, which arise from groups of stem cells in axils of leaves and whose branching patterns dictate most of the variation in plant form. Normal maize (Zea mays) ears are unbranched, and tassels have long branches only at their base. The ramosa2 (ra2) mutant of maize has increased branching with short branches replaced by long, indeterminate ones. ra2 was cloned by chromosome walking and shown to encode a LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARY domain transcription factor. ra2 is transiently expressed in a group of cells that predicts the position of axillary meristem formation in inflorescences. Expression in different mutant backgrounds places ra2 upstream of other genes that regulate branch formation. The early expression of ra2 suggests that it functions in the patterning of stem cells in axillary meristems. Alignment of ra2-like sequences reveals a grass-specific domain in the C terminus that is not found in Arabidopsis thaliana. The ra2-dm allele suggests this domain is required for transcriptional activation of ra1. The ra2 expression pattern is conserved in rice (Oryza sativa), barley (Hordeum vulgare), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and maize, suggesting that ra2 is critical for shaping the initial steps of grass inflorescence architecture.
Accurate and Efficient Traffic Monitoring Using Adaptive Non-Linear Sampling Method

Sampling technology has been widely deployed in measurement systems to control memory consumption and processing overhead. However, most of the existing sampling methods suffer from large estimation errors in analyzing small-size flows. To address the problem, we propose a novel adaptive non-linear sampling (ANLS) method for passive measurement. Instead of statically configuring the sampling rate, ANLS dynamically adjusts the sampling rate for a flow depending on the number of packets having been counted. We provide the generic principles guiding the selection of sampling function for sampling rate adjustment. Moreover, we derive the unbiased flow size estimation, the bound of the relative error, and the bound of required counter size for ANLS. The performance of ANLS is thoroughly studied through theoretic analysis and experiments under synthetic/real network data traces, with comparison to several related sampling methods. The results demonstrate that the proposed ANLS can significantly improve the estimation accuracy, particularly for small-size flows, while maintain a memory and processing overhead comparable to existing methods.
The Source of Carbon Dioxide for Gastric Acid Production

The source of carbon dioxide for the chemical reaction leading to the production of gastric acid is unknown. The decarboxylation of an amino acid releases carbon dioxide. Pepsinogens provide a rich source of the amino acid arginine. Both the source of carbon dioxide, arginine, and the consequence of arginine decarboxylation, agmatine, have been studied. The site of carbon dioxide production has been related to the survival of the parietal cell. An immunohistochemical study has been carried out on glycol methacrylate embedded gastric biopsies from the normal stomach of 38 adult patients. The sections have been stained using polyclonal antibody to pepsinogen II, polyclonal antibody to agmatine, and polyclonal antibody to Helicobacter pylori. Pepsinogen II and agmatine are found in the parietal cell canaliculi. This is consistent with the production of carbon dioxide from arginine in the parietal cell canaliculi. Evidence is presented for the decarboxylation of arginine derived from the activation segment of pepsinogen as the source of carbon dioxide for the production of gastric acid. The production of carbon dioxide by the decarboxylation of arginine in the parietal cell canaliculus enables the extracellular hydration of carbon dioxide at the known site of carbonic anhydrase activity. The extracellular production of acid in the canaliculus together with the presence of agmatine helps to explain why the parietal cells are not destroyed during the formation of gastric acid. Agmatine is found in the mucus secreting cells of the stomach and its role in acid protection of the stomach is discussed. Anat Rec, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Implementing a novel model for hospice and palliative care in the emergency department

Abstract Hospice and palliative care has been recognized as an essential part of emergency medicine; however, there is no consensus on the optimal model for the delivery of hospice and palliative care in the emergency department (ED). Therefore, we conducted a novel implementation in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan. In the preintervention period, we recruited a specialist for hospice and palliative medicine in the ED to lead our intervention. In the early stage of the intervention, starting on July 1, 2014, we encouraged and funded ED physicians and nurses to receive training for hospice and palliative medicine and residents of emergency medicine to rotate to the hospice ward. In the late stage of the intervention, we initiated educational programs in the ED, an interdisciplinary meeting with the hospice team every month, sharing information and experience via a cell phone communication app, and setting aside an emergency hospice room for end-of-life patients. We compared the outcomes among pre-, during, and postintervention periods. Compared with 4 in the preintervention period, the cases of do not resuscitate (DNR) per month increased significantly to 30.1 in the early stage of intervention, 23.9 in late stage of intervention, and 34.6 in the postintervention period (all P < .001 compared with the preintervention period). Compared with 10.8% in the preintervention period, the ratio of DNR orders signed in the ED/total DNR orders signed in the study hospital was increased to 17.1% in early stage of intervention, 12.5% in late stage of intervention, and 22.8% in postintervention. Compared with zero in preintervention and early intervention, the cases of consultation with the hospice team increased significantly to 19 cases per month in the late stage of intervention and postintervention. The ability of nurses in hospice and palliative care, including knowledge and the timing and method of consultation with the hospice team, was also significantly improved. We successfully implemented a novel model of hospice and palliative care in the ED via a champion, education, and close collaboration with the hospice team, which could be an important reference for other EDs and intensive care unit in the future.
Effects of selective hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia on glucose transporters in fetal ovine skeletal muscle.

We measured net fetal glucose uptake rate from the placenta, shown previously to be equal to total fetal glucose utilization rate (GUR(f)) and proportional to fetal hindlimb skeletal muscle glucose utilization, under normal conditions and after 1, 2.5, and 24 h of selective hyperglycemia increasing G or selective hyperinsulinemia increasing I. We simultaneously measured the amount of Glut 1 and Glut 4 glucose transporter proteins in fetal sheep skeletal muscle. With increasing G , GUR(f) was increased approximately 40% at 1 and 2.5 h but returned to the control rate by 24 h. This transient increasing G -specific increasing GUR(f) was associated with increased plasma membrane-associated Glut 1 (4-fold) and intracellular Glut 4 (3-fold) protein beginning at 1 h. With increasing I, GUR(f) was increased approximately 70% at 1, 2.5, and 24 h. This more sustained increasing I-specific increasing GUR(f) was associated with a significant increase in Glut 4 protein (2-fold) at 2.5 h but no change in Glut 1 protein. These results show that increasing G and increasing I have independent effects on the amount of Glut 1 and Glut 4 glucose transporter proteins in ovine fetal skeletal muscle. These effects are time dependent and isoform specific and may contribute to increased glucose utilization in fetal skeletal muscle. The lack of a sustained temporal correlation between the increase in transporter proteins and glucose utilization rates indicates that subcellular localization and activity of a transporter or tissues other than the skeletal muscle contribute to net GUR(f).
Comparison of high-grade and low-grade mobilization techniques in the management of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In many physical therapy programs for subjects with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, mobilization techniques are an important part of the intervention. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of high-grade mobilization techniques (HGMT) with that of low-grade mobilization techniques (LGMT) in subjects with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. SUBJECTS One hundred subjects with unilateral adhesive capsulitis lasting 3 months or more and a > or =50% decrease in passive joint mobility relative to the nonaffected side were enrolled in this study. METHODS Subjects randomly assigned to the HGMT group were treated with intensive passive mobilization techniques in end-range positions of the glenohumeral joint, and subjects in the LGMT group were treated with passive mobilization techniques within the pain-free zone. The duration of treatment was a maximum of 12 weeks (24 sessions) in both groups. Subjects were assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months by a masked assessor. Primary outcome measures included active and passive range of motion and shoulder disability (Shoulder Rating Questionnaire [SRQ] and Shoulder Disability Questionnaire [SDQ]). An analysis of covariance with adjustments for baseline values and a general linear mixed-effect model for repeated measurements were used to compare the change scores for the 2 treatment groups at the various time points and over the total period of 1 year, respectively. RESULTS Overall, subjects in both groups improved over 12 months. Statistically significant greater change scores were found in the HGMT group for passive abduction (at the time points 3 and 12 months), and for active and passive external rotation (at 12 months). A statistically significant difference in trend between both groups over the total follow-up period of 12 months was found for passive external rotation, SRQ, and SDQ with greater change scores in the HGMT group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In subjects with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, HGMTs appear to be more effective in improving glenohumeral joint mobility and reducing disability than LGMTs, with the overall differences between the 2 interventions being small.
Lokaal en landelijk in Limburg : veranderingen in de Limburgse lokale politiek

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Plxdc2 Is a Mitogen for Neural Progenitors

The development of different brain regions involves the coordinated control of proliferation and cell fate specification along and across the neuraxis. Here, we identify Plxdc2 as a novel regulator of these processes, using in ovo electroporation and in vitro cultures of mammalian cells. Plxdc2 is a type I transmembrane protein with some homology to nidogen and to plexins. It is expressed in a highly discrete and dynamic pattern in the developing nervous system, with prominent expression in various patterning centres. In the chick neural tube, where Plxdc2 expression parallels that seen in the mouse, misexpression of Plxdc2 increases proliferation and alters patterns of neurogenesis, resulting in neural tube thickening at early stages. Expression of the Plxdc2 extracellular domain alone, which can be cleaved and shed in vivo, is sufficient for this activity, demonstrating a cell non-autonomous function. Induction of proliferation is also observed in cultured embryonic neuroepithelial cells (ENCs) derived from E9.5 mouse neural tube, which express a Plxdc2-binding activity. These experiments uncover a direct molecular activity of Plxdc2 in the control of proliferation, of relevance in understanding the role of this protein in various cancers, where its expression has been shown to be altered. They also implicate Plxdc2 as a novel component of the network of signalling molecules known to coordinate proliferation and differentiation in the developing nervous system.
eeding Infants and Toddlers Study : Do Vitamin nd Mineral Supplements Contribute to Nutrient dequacy or Excess among US Infants and oddlers ?

BSTRACT bjective To report the prevalence of dietary supplement se in a random sample of US infants 4 to 24 months of ge, and to compare demographic characteristics, usual utrient intakes, and food patterns of supplement users nd nonusers. esign Data from 24-hour recalls collected for the 2002 eeding Infants and Toddlers Study were analyzed. Realls included nutrient contributions from dietary suppleents as well as all foods and beverages. We estimated sual energy and nutrient intakes of supplement users nd nonusers, as well as the prevalence of nutrient adeuacy and excess in the two groups. We also compared emographic characteristics and food patterns of suppleent users and nonusers and, for supplement users, esimated the proportion of total intake provided by foods nd the proportion provided by supplements. ubjects A national random sample of 3,022 infants and oddlers age 4 to 24 months, including 430 vitamin and/or ineral supplement users and 2,592 nonusers.
Bottom-Gate Complementary Inverters on Plastic With Gravure-Printed Dielectric and Semiconductors

Organic complementary circuitry combines all the advantages of plastic electronics, such as flexibility, thinness, and solution processability with low power consumption. Here, we report organic complimentary inverters fabricated in a carrier-free batch process on a plastic foil with dielectric and semiconductor layers patterned using the high-volume gravure contact printing technique. The transistor components have bottom-gate, bottom-contact configuration with aluminum gates and gold contacts, allowing full use of photolithographic processing while protecting the semiconductors by depositing them last. Cross-linkable polymer dielectric, p-type small molecule and n-type polymer semiconductors are printed from inks based on nonchlorinated solvents. Printing instability is observed for capillary numbers approaching 1. The 430-nm-thick dielectric affords a relatively low operational voltage, and it is the thinnest printed organic dielectric reported in the literature for organic inverters to date. Both p- and n-type transistors have a mobility of 0.01-0.04 cm2V-1s-1. The device parameters for the n-type transistors show less variation than the p-type transistors, which can be related to the more isotropic charge transport in polymer films compared with the small-molecule polycrystalline films. The resultant inverters have an average gain of 4.5 ± 1.5 and a maximum gain of 8 at VDD = -20 V. The combination of the conventional photolithographic processing and gravure contact printing can therefore be used to fabricate bottom-gate organic complementary circuitry on plastic.
P2P based knowledge source discovery on research support system papits

We are developing the Papits, a research activity support system for a laboratory at a university. Papits helps to find both information and/or person by a keyword and a know-who search mechanism. Information sources in Papits are distributed because they are members' computers. To find good information and people from such environment, we conceptualize information as agents and introduce peer-to-peer(P2P) technologies, which allow us to find information from massively distributed information sources. To conceptualize information as agent, we use thesaurus as characteristics of information sources. In this paper, we describe how to find information using thesaurus as characteristics of information sources. We will also show an experimental result which indicates that our method is effective for selecting appropriate sources from distributed information sources.
Design for testability view on placement and routing

It is demonstrated that there is a relationship between the topology of the layout of the designed IC and the quality of testing. Based on this relationship, a testability cost function is developed for automated layout generation. The presented example indicates that a decrease in the testability objective function does correspond to an increase in the quality of testing without any penalty in terms of the cost of test generation. It is envisioned that such a function can be added as a component to the total objective function used by a modern placement and routing algorithm. Thus, using the presented techiques, it is possible to significantly improve the testability of a given circuit without increasing the cost of test generation. <<ETX>>
Opinions of patients with cancer on the relative importance of place of death in the context of a ‘good death’

Objective The primary objective of the study was to determine the relative importance of place of death to patients with advanced cancer being treated at a cancer centre in England. Methods Demographic data were collected from the electronic patient record system, with additional information obtained from the patients themselves. Patients were questioned about a variety of end of life issues, including preferred place of death (PPD), and ‘acceptable’ places of death. They were also asked to rank the importance of factors previously linked to a ‘good death’. Results 120 patients participated in the study. 51 (42.5%) patients stated that ‘home’ was their PPD, while 80 (67%) patients stated that home was an acceptable place of death. Patients from areas with worse deprivation scores were less likely to want to die at home than patients from areas with better deprivation scores (p=0.03). The most important factors associated with a good death were ‘to have my pain/symptoms well controlled’, ‘to not be a burden to my family’ and ‘to have sorted out my personal affairs’ respectively. Place of death was ranked as the seventh most important factor. Discussion Place of death is undoubtedly an important factor in achieving a good death for some patients and carers. However, for others a home death is either unimportant or to be avoided. The results of this study, and the results of similar studies, suggest that place of death may not be a good marker of the quality of end of life care.