Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the order of strongly starlikeness of strongly convex functions

fl (1-,) Tan --Tan + zcfl + (1 ) cos 2 and0<fl< 1. In this paper, we will prove the following theorem. Main theorem. Let f(z) STC(a(fl)). Then we have f(z) STS(), where flq(fl) sin (1 fl) 2 a(fl) fl + TanP(B) + q() cos-ff (1 p(fl) (1 + fl) and q(fl) (1 2. Preliminaries. To prove the main theorem, we need the following lemma. Lemma. Let p(z) be analytic in E, p(0) 1, ,p(z) g= 0 in E and suppose that there exists a point Zo E such that [argp(z) <forlz[ < ]zol
Priority and dynamic scheduling in a make‐to‐stock queue with hyperexponential demand

We consider the scheduling problem in a make‐to‐stock queue with two demand classes that can be differentiated based on their variability. One class experiences Poisson arrivals and the other class experiences hyperexponential renewal arrivals. We provide an exact analysis of the case where the demand class with higher variability is given non‐preemptive priority. The results are then used to compare the inventory cost performance of three scheduling disciplines, first‐come first‐serve and priority to either class. We then build on an existing dynamic scheduling heuristic to propose a modification that works well for our system. Extensions of the heuristic to more than two classes and to the case where demand state is known are also discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006.
Structured FISTA for image restoration

In this paper, we propose an efficient numerical scheme for solving some large‐scale ill‐posed linear inverse problems arising from image restoration. In order to accelerate the computation, two different hidden structures are exploited. First, the coefficient matrix is approximated as the sum of a small number of Kronecker products. This procedure not only introduces one more level of parallelism into the computation but also enables the usage of computationally intensive matrix–matrix multiplications in the subsequent optimization procedure. We then derive the corresponding Tikhonov regularized minimization model and extend the fast iterative shrinkage‐thresholding algorithm (FISTA) to solve the resulting optimization problem. Because the matrices appearing in the Kronecker product approximation are all structured matrices (Toeplitz, Hankel, etc.), we can further exploit their fast matrix–vector multiplication algorithms at each iteration. The proposed algorithm is thus called structured FISTA (sFISTA). In particular, we show that the approximation error introduced by sFISTA is well under control and sFISTA can reach the same image restoration accuracy level as FISTA. Finally, both the theoretical complexity analysis and some numerical results are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of sFISTA.
The accessibility of convex bodies and derandomization of the hit and run algorithm

We introduce the concept of accessibility and prove that any convex body $X$ in $\mathbb R^d$ is accessible with relevant constants depending on $d$ only. This property leads to a new algorithm which may be considered as a natural derandomization of the hit and run algorithm applied to generate a sequence of random points covering $X$ uniformly. We prove stability of the Markov chain generated by the proposed algorithm and provide its rate of convergence.
A Conditional-Gradient-Based Augmented Lagrangian Framework

This paper considers a generic convex minimization template with affine constraints over a compact domain, which covers key semidefinite programming applications. The existing conditional gradient methods either do not apply to our template or are too slow in practice. To this end, we propose a new conditional gradient method, based on a unified treatment of smoothing and augmented Lagrangian frameworks. The proposed method maintains favorable properties of the classical conditional gradient method, such as cheap linear minimization oracle calls and sparse representation of the decision variable. We prove $\mathcal{O}(1/\sqrt{k})$ convergence rate of our method in the objective residual and the feasibility gap. This rate is essentially the same as the state of the art CG-type methods for our problem template, but the proposed method is significantly superior to existing methods in various semidefinite programming applications.
Auxiliary problem principle and inexact variable metric forward-backward algorithm for minimizing the sum of a differentiable function and a convex function

In view of the minimization of a function which is the sum of a differentiable function $f$ and a convex function $g$ we introduce descent methods which can be viewed as produced by inexact auxiliary problem principle or inexact variable metric forward-backward algorithm. Assuming that the global objective function satisfies the Kurdyka-Lojasiewicz inequality we prove the convergence of the proposed algorithm weakening assumptions found in previous works.
An improved multi-objective whale optimization algorithm to solve weapon-target assignment problems

In the process of traditional weapon-target assignment, there are two critical issues that have not been well-studied: (1) the waste of firepower resources and (2) the lack of description of the relationship between targets. Towards this end, we propose an improved weapon-target assignment model, which combines the damage probability, the weapon resource consumption and the relationship coefficient between the targets. On this basic, we design a multi-objective whale optimization algorithm based on grid division (GDMOWOA). Specifically, the algorithm uses the grid partitioning method to sort the population non-dominated, selects the optimal individual by calculating the grid number and density, and introduces an external pareto archive to maintain the population diversity. Simulation experiments are conducted to verify the rationality and effectiveness of our solution. The results show that our algorithm has better effectiveness and superiority compared with other classical algorithms, and can effectively solve the problem of weapon-target assignment.
Quasi-local energy with respect to de Sitter/anti-de Sitter reference

This article considers the quasi-local conserved quantities with respect to a reference spacetime with a cosmological constant. We follow the approach developed by the authors in [25,26,7] and define the quasi-local energy as differences of surface Hamiltonians. The ground state for the gravitational energy is taken to be a reference configuration in the de Sitter (dS) or Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. This defines the quasi-local energy with respect to the reference spacetime and generalizes our previous definition with respect to the Minkowski spacetime. Through an optimal isometric embedding into the reference spacetime, the Killing fields of the reference spacetime are transplanted back to the surface in the physical spacetime to complete the definitions of quasi-local conserved quantities. We also compute how the corresponding total conserved quantities evolve under the Einstein equation with a cosmological constant.
Thermodynamic Limit of Interacting Particle Systems over Time-varying Sparse Random Networks

We establish a functional weak law of large numbers for observable macroscopic state variables of interacting particle systems (e.g., voter and contact processes) over fast time-varying sparse random networks of interactions. We show that, as the number of agents $N$ grows large, the proportion of agents $\left(\overline{Y}_{k}^{N}(t)\right)$ at a certain state $k$ converges in distribution -- or, more precisely, weakly with respect to the uniform topology on the space of \emph{c\`adl\`ag} sample paths -- to the solution of an ordinary differential equation over any compact interval $\left[0,T\right]$. Although the limiting process is Markov, the prelimit processes, i.e., the normalized macrostate vector processes $\left(\mathbf{\overline{Y}}^{N}(t)\right)=\left(\overline{Y}_{1}^{N}(t),\ldots,\overline{Y}_{K}^{N}(t)\right)$, are non-Markov as they are tied to the \emph{high-dimensional} microscopic state of the system, which precludes the direct application of standard arguments for establishing weak convergence. The techniques developed in the paper for establishing weak convergence might be of independent interest.
Evaluation of Chronic Constipation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Objectives: Chronic constipation occurs frequently in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary objective was to determine whether chronic constipation is associated with a higher rate of abnormal colonic motor activity in ASD children than in non-ASD children. A secondary goal was to determine if clinical variables could identify children with ASD at risk for possessing abnormal colonic motility. Methods: A retrospective, propensity-matched, case-control study compared colonic manometry (CM) of an ASD cohort and non-ASD controls with chronic constipation. Clinical variables were evaluated as potential predictors for abnormal colonic motility. Results: Fifty-six patients with ASD and 123 controls without the diagnosis of ASD who underwent CM were included. Propensity score resulted in 35 matched cohorts of ASD and controls. The rate of abnormal CM findings between ASD and matched controls (24% vs 20%, P = 0.78) did not differ significantly. A prediction model of abnormal CM that included ASD diagnosis, duration of constipation, and soiling achieved a sensitivity of 0.94 and specificity of 0.65. The risk for abnormal colonic motility increased 11% for every 1-year increase in duration of constipation. Odds for abnormal motility were 30 times higher in ASD children with soiling than controls with soiling (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Chronic constipation does not appear to be associated with a higher rate of abnormal colonic motility in children with ASD. Clinical information of disease duration and presence of soiling due to constipation show promise in identifying patients with ASD at a greater risk for abnormal colonic motility.
Metacognition, motivation, self-efficacy belief, and English learning achievement in online learning: Longitudinal mediation modeling approach

ABSTRACT The Purpose Despite a large number of studies in online learning, limited studies have focused on language learners’ metacognition, motivation, and self-efficacy beliefs in the online learning setting. This study attempts to fill this gap by evaluating how the three factors impact learners’ English learning achievement in online learning environments. Design Surveys were administered two times. Data analyses were based on longitudinal mediation analysis. The participants were 590 undergraduate students in China. Findings The results showed a positive and significant correlation among the four variables. Overall, self-efficacy beliefs predicted English learning achievement. The findings support the joint mediating role of metacognition and motivation on the effects of self-efficacy beliefs on English learning achievement. Value The findings support the need to strengthen learners’ metacognition, motivation, and self-efficacy beliefs for online English learning.
Generalized Lambert series and arithmetic nature of odd zeta values

Abstract It is pointed out that the generalized Lambert series $\sum\nolimits_{n = 1}^\infty {[(n^{N-2h})/(e^{n^Nx}-1)]} $ studied by Kanemitsu, Tanigawa and Yoshimoto can be found on page 332 of Ramanujan's Lost Notebook in a slightly more general form. We extend an important transformation of this series obtained by Kanemitsu, Tanigawa and Yoshimoto by removing restrictions on the parameters N and h that they impose. From our extension we deduce a beautiful new generalization of Ramanujan's famous formula for odd zeta values which, for N odd and m > 0, gives a relation between ζ(2m + 1) and ζ(2Nm + 1). A result complementary to the aforementioned generalization is obtained for any even N and m ∈ ℤ. It generalizes a transformation of Wigert and can be regarded as a formula for ζ(2m + 1 − 1/N). Applications of these transformations include a generalization of the transformation for the logarithm of Dedekind eta-function η(z), Zudilin- and Rivoal-type results on transcendence of certain values, and a transcendence criterion for Euler's constant γ.
Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves by a Cylinder Moving Along its Axis

The scattering of a time-harmonic, linearly polarized plane electromagnetic wave by a cylinder uniformly moving along its axis is discussed. The formalism is relativistically exact, and explicit forms are provided for first-order velocity effects. Consideration is given to both a cylinder moving in free space, using the procedure suggested by Einstein, and two refractive media; it is veritied that the first case is a special case of the second one. Thin scatterers are considered and it is shown that no first-order velocity effects are present. For a moving medium, having in its rest frame the same constitutive parameters as the surrounding medium, it is shown that the velocity-independent part vanishes, but scattered fields of the first order in the velocity are still present. Moreover, these waves appear with the opposite polarization (compared to the incident wave).
On the stability of the Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado theorem

Delete the edges of a Kneser graph independently of each other with some probability: for what probabilities is the independence number of this random graph equal to the independence number of the Kneser graph itself? We prove a sharp threshold result for this question in certain regimes. Since an independent set in the Kneser graph is the same as a uniform intersecting family, this gives us a random analogue of the Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado theorem.
Lower separation axioms via Borel and Baire algebras

Let $\kappa$ be an infinite regular cardinal. We define a topological space $X$ to be $T_{\kappa-Borel}$-space (resp. a $T_{\kappa-BP}$-space) if for every $x\in X$ the singleton $\{x\}$ belongs to the smallest $\kappa$-additive algebra of subsets of $X$ that contains all open sets (and all nowhere dense sets) in $X$. Each $T_1$-space is a $T_{\kappa-Borel}$-space and each $T_{\kappa-Borel}$-space is a $T_0$-space. On the other hand, $T_{\kappa-BP}$-spaces need not be $T_0$-spaces. We prove that a topological space $X$ is a $T_{\kappa-Borel}$-space (resp. a $T_{\kappa-BP}$-space) if and only if for each point $x\in X$ the singleton $\{x\}$ is the intersection of a closed set and a $G_{<\kappa}$-set in $X$ (resp. $\{x\}$ is either nowhere dense or a $G_{<\kappa}$-set in $X$). Also we present simple examples distinguishing the separation axioms $T_{\kappa-Borel}$ and $T_{\kappa-BP}$ for various infinite cardinals $\kappa$, and we relate the axioms to several known notions, which results in a quite regular two-dimensional diagram of lower separation axioms.
Effects of Head Nurses’ Leadership Behaviors and Social Intelligence on Staff Nurses’ Job Involvement

Background: Actual leadership is vital for each organization, and leadership behavior is an essential variable that has significant influence on the success of any organization. Staff nurses with higher perception of leadership behavior, social intelligence, and job involvement are motivated, display good performances at work, and devote themselves to their work and organization. Aim: This study was designed to explore the effects of head nurses’ leadership behaviors and social intelligence on staff nurses’ job involvement. Design: A descriptive correlational design was adopted. Setting: This study involved a convenience sample of 256 staff nurses who were responsible for providing nursing care for patients at the Main Mansoura University Hospital. Tool: Data were collected using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), Social Intelligence Questionnaire, and Work Involvement Scale. Results: Most staff nurses had a moderate level of leadership style, social intelligence, and job involvement. A statistically significant positive relationship was observed between nurses’ insight of social intelligence and transformational style. Moreover,leadership outcomes have a statistically significant relationship with social intelligence. Conclusion: Nurses, who have good leadership style, will have higher social intelligence and be more involved in their work. Recommendations: Workshops and training programs should be provided in areas concerned with social behavior at work to increase the consciousness of nurses on how to grow their social intelligence and job involvement.
Quiver Schur algebras for linear quivers

We define a graded quasi‐hereditary covering of the cyclotomic quiver Hecke algebras RnΛ of type A when e=0 (the linear quiver) or e>n . We prove that these algebras are quasi‐hereditary graded cellular algebras by giving explicit homogeneous bases for them. When e=0, we show that the Khovanov–Lauda–Rouquier grading on the quiver Hecke algebras is compatible with the Koszul grading on the blocks of parabolic category OΛ given by Backelin, building on the work of Beilinson, Ginzburg and Soergel. As a consequence, e=0 our cyclotomic quiver Schur algebras are Koszul over fields of characteristic zero. Finally, we give an Lascoux–Leclerc–Thibon‐like algorithm for computing the graded decomposition numbers of the cyclotomic quiver Schur algebras in characteristic zero.
Economic pressures of Covid‐19 lockdowns result in increased timber extraction within a critically endangered region: A case study from the Pacific Forest of Ecuador

Abstract Although the COVID‐19 lockdowns in 2020 had some environmental benefits, the pandemic's impact on the global economy has also had conservation repercussions, especially in biodiverse nations. Ecuador, which is heavily reliant on petroleum, agricultural exports, and ecotourism, experienced a rise in poverty in response to pandemic shutdowns. In this study, we sought to quantify levels of illegal timber extraction and poaching before and after the start of COVID‐19 lockdowns throughout two protected areas (Reserva Jama Coaque [JCR] and Bosque Seco Lalo Loor [BSLL]) in the endangered Pacific Forest of Ecuador. We analyzed chainsaw and gunshot acoustic data recorded from devices installed in the forest canopy from December 2019 to March 2020 and October 2020 to March 2021. Results from generalized linear mixed effects models indicated less chainsaw activity before lockdowns (βpost.lockdown = 0.568 ± 0.266 SE, p‐value = .030), although increased average rainfall also seemed to negatively affect chainsaw activity (βavg.rainfall = −0.002 ± 0.0006 SE, p‐value = .003). Gunshots were too infrequent to conduct statistical models; however, 87% of gunshots were detected during the ‘lockdown’ period. Observational data collected by rangers from these protected areas also noted an increase in poaching activities beginning mid to late 2020 and persisting into 2021. These results add to the steadily growing literature indicating an increase in environmental crime, particularly in biodiverse nations, catalyzed by COVID‐19‐related economic hardships. Identifying areas where environmental crime increased during pandemic lockdowns is vital to address both socioeconomic drivers and enforcement deficiencies to prevent further biodiversity loss and disease outbreaks and to promote ecosystem resilience. Our study also demonstrates the utility of passive acoustic monitoring to detect illegal resource extraction patterns, which can inform strategies such as game theory modeling for ranger patrol circuits and placement of real‐time acoustic detection technologies to monitor and mitigate environmental crimes.
Small Perturbation Solutions for Parabolic Equations

Let $\phi$ be a smooth solution of the parabolic equation $F(D^2u, Du, u, x, t)- u_{t} = 0$: Assume $F$ is uniform elliptic only in a neighborhood of $(D^2\phi, D\phi, \phi, x, t)$, we prove that any solution obtained from small L1-perturbation of $\phi$ remains smooth.
Semen quality and production potential of Indian buffalo breeds

The objective of the study was to evaluate non-genetic factors on semen traits. The overall means for the semen quality traits: ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, total sperm, mass activity, initial and post thaw motility, hypoosmotic swelling test, acrosome integrity of fresh and frozen test were 4.39±0.01 ml, 1.29±0.001 billion, 5.48±0.01 billion, 2.55±0.003, 73.41±0.0004%, 55.9±0.0002%, 59.01±0.001%, 84.98±0.002% and 71.13±0.002%, respectively. Breeds were found to differ in all the semen production and quality traits studied except acrosome integrity of fresh semen. Summer for semen production, and winter and monsoon for semen quality traits were comparatively better season. The quality traits improved with age and declined slightly in the later life.
Allen–Cahn min-max on surfaces

We use a min-max procedure on the Allen-Cahn energy functional to construct geodesics on closed, 2-dimensional Riemannian manifolds, as motivated by the work of Guaraco. Borrowing classical blowup and curvature estimates from geometric analysis, as well as novel Allen-Cahn curvature estimates due to Wang-Wei, we manage to study the fine structure of potential singular points at the diffuse level, and show that the problem reduces to that of understanding "entire" singularity models constructed by del Pino-Kowalczyk-Pacard with Morse index 1. The argument is completed by a Morse index estimate on these singularity models.
Predictive Power of a Body Shape Index (ABSI) for Diabetes Mellitus and Arterial Hypertension in Peru: Demographic and Health Survey Analysis - 2020

Introduction: Given the relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, an indicator of body fat, A Body Shape Index (ABSI), has been considered to have apparent predictive power for these diseases. Objective: To determine the predictive power of the ABSI for DMT2 and hypertension in Peru through the analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey-2020 (ENDES-by its acronym in Spanish-2020). Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study of the ENDES-2020. The variables evaluated were ABSI, body mass index, high abdominal waist, waist-to-height ratio, body roundness index (BRI) and conicity index (COI). Areas under the curves (AUC) together with their 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to present each index. Results: A total of 19 984 subjects were studied. Regarding hypertension, the highest AUC was presented by the COI: AUC=0.707 (95%CI 0.694-0.719). While the ABSI obtained the penultimate place: AUC=0.702 (95% CI 0.689-0.715). In case of DM2, the highest ABC was presented by BRI: AUC=0.716 (95%CI 0.689-0.743); while ABSI obtained the second place: AUC=0.687 (95%CI 0.658-0.717). Conclusions: The results demonstrate that ABSI is not a good predictor for hypertension and DMT2 in the Peruvian population. If these findings are confirmed by other studies, its use would not be recommended for these diseases, and other anthropometric indicators that could perform better should be further explored.
Orthogonal Symmetric Chain Decompositions of Hypercubes

In 1979, Shearer and Kleitman conjectured that there exist $\lfloor n/2 \rfloor+1$ orthogonal chain decompositions of the hypercube $Q_n$, and constructed two orthogonal chain decompositions. In this paper, we make the first non-trivial progress on this conjecture since by constructing three orthogonal chain decompositions of $Q_n$ for $n$ large enough. To do this, we introduce the notion of "almost orthogonal symmetric chain decompositions". We explicitly describe three such decompositions of $Q_5$ and $Q_7$, and describe conditions which allow us to decompose products of hypercubes into $k$ almost orthogonal symmetric chain decompositions given such decompositions of the original hypercubes.