Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generating Patient-Derived HCC Cell Lines Suitable for Predictive In Vitro and In Vivo Drug Screening by Orthotopic Transplantation

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in high mortality due to ineffective systemic therapy. Human immortalized cell lines are commonly used to study anti-tumor effects in the context of new anti-tumor therapies and tumor biology. As immortalized cell lines have limited biological relevance and heterogeneity compared to primary cells, patient-derived tumor tissues, and corresponding immune cells are the gold standards for studying the complexity of individual tumor entities. However, culturing primary HCC cells has a low success rate. Here, we aimed to establish a reproducible approach to preserve the patient-derived liver cancer cells for in vitro and in vivo studies. The underlying study aimed to establish an in vitro pre-screening platform to test treatment options’ effectivity and dosage, e.g., for new substances, autologous modified immune cells, or combined therapies in HCC. We initially employed 15 surgical resection specimens from patients with different HCC entities for isolation and preservation. The isolated liver cancer cells from four HCC-diagnosed patients were used for orthotopic transplantation into the healthy liver of immunodeficient mice, allowing them to grow for six months before human liver cancer cells were isolated and cultured. As a result, we generated and characterized four new primary-like liver cancer cell lines. Compared to immortalized HCC cell lines, freshly generated liver cancer cells displayed individual morphologies and heterogeneous protein-level characteristics. We assessed their ability to proliferate, migrate, form spheroids, and react to common medications compared to immortalized HCC cell lines. All four liver cancer cell lines exhibit strong migration and colony-forming characteristics in vitro, comparable to extensively investigated immortalized HCC cell lines. Moreover, the four etiological different liver cancer cell lines displayed differences in the response to 5-FU, Sorafenib, Axitinib, and interferon-alpha treatment, ranking from non-responders to responders depending on the applicated medication. In sum, we generated individual patient-derived liver cancer cell lines suitable for predictive in vitro drug screenings and for xenograft transplantations to realize the in vivo investigation of drug candidates. We overcame the low cultivation success rate of liver cancer cells derived from patients and analyzed their potential to serve a pre-clinical model.
Investigation of Antimicrobial Effects in Different Solvents of Pistacia terebenthus L. Fruits Collected from Aydın

In this study, the antimicrobial activity of Pistacia terebenthus L. fruits extracts were tested against some pathogen microorganisms. Fruits of the plant samples were freeze-dried and powdered. 10 grams of this material was extracted separately in 150mL of methanol, ethyl acetate, and boiled water for 6 h. at Soxhlet. The extracts were concentrated and then kept at 4°C. The agar well diffusion method is used for testing the antimicrobial activities of extracts. The results of methanol extract of Pistacia terebenthus L. fruits was found to form larger zones against tested bacterial pathogens E. coli ATCC 35218,S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. typhimiriumATCC 14028, M. smegmatis ATCC 607, C. xerosis ATCC 373. In addition the ethyl acetate and boiled distilled water extracts of Pistacia terebenthus L. fruits demonstrated moderate effect against some bacterial pathogens tested. However, none of the extracts used showed any effect on yeast and molds.The ethyl acetate extract of Pistacia terebenthus L. fruits have effects on wider spectrum than methanol and boiled water extracts for revealing secondary metabolites like alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids.
EMOTIONAL LABOR AND PROSOCIAL MOTIVATION IN TURKEY: A DEEP DIVE INTO THE DEPTHS OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR

This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between emotional labor and prosocial motivation. The study aims to determine whether such a relationship exists, identify the dimensions of emotional labor influencing prosocial motivation, and assess whether prosocial motivation behavior significantly varies among demographic factors. Data were collected from 345 employees actively working in Turkey through surveys. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software packages SPSS 24 and AMOS 17. The results indicate a significant positive relationship between deep acting and genuine acting with prosocial motivation, while a significant negative relationship is observed between surface acting and prosocial motivation. According to the comparative analyses, prosocial motivation varies depending on marital status. However, no significant differences in prosocial motivation were observed based on gender, age, educational level, and working hours.
TESTING STUDY ON FATIGUE DEFORMATION LAW OF RED-SANDSTONE UNDER TRIAXIAL COMPRESSION WITH CYCLIC LOADING

To explore the characteristics of fatigue deformation of red-sandstone under triaxial compression with cyclic loading,complete stress-strain tests under different confining pressures are performed with multi-function apparatus RMT–150B.Testing result shows that the terminal strain corresponding to fatigue failure is equal to the one corresponding to the point that the post-peak stress-strain curve and the line of the maximum cyclic load(σ1-σ3) are intersected.The development of irreversible deformation shows a law of three stages.The maximum of cyclic load and amplitude have remarkable effects on fatigue failure of red-sandstone.
The Role of the NRF2 Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Viral Respiratory Infections

In humans, acute and chronic respiratory infections caused by viruses are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Respiratory viruses infect airway epithelial cells and induce oxidative stress, yet the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. Oxidative stress activates the transcription factor NRF2, which plays a key role in alleviating redox-induced cellular injury. The transcriptional activation of NRF2 has been reported to affect both viral replication and associated inflammation pathways. There is complex bidirectional crosstalk between virus replication and the NRF2 pathway because virus replication directly or indirectly regulates NRF2 expression, and NRF2 activation can reversely hamper viral replication and viral spread across cells and tissues. In this review, we discuss the complex role of the NRF2 pathway in the regulation of the pathogenesis of the main respiratory viruses, including coronaviruses, influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and rhinoviruses. We also summarize the scientific evidence regarding the effects of the known NRF2 agonists that can be utilized to alter the NRF2 pathway.
DEMONSTRATE DATA MINING PRIVACY AND EXAMINING FUTURE CHALLENGES

Nowadays data mining discussion and available personal data has mod privacy a topic in the scientific community the methods of maintaining a privacy to the traditional way cannot support this data well and it can provide the urgent need to the maintaining data privacy. Consequently when they protect important information, the knowledge of data prevents from accessing them. In this article new research on data mining, privacy, some challenges (controversial terms), the existence and method of distortion of data to obtain association rules, privacy and privacy in data distribution are discussed! The purpose of this work is actually to provide criteria for assessing the details of privacy algorithms, includes algorithm performance, data usage, privacy and data mining problems. At the end of the discussion the development of data mining and privacy has been outlined for other areas.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS HELINA FROM SICHUAN,CHINA(DIPTERA,MUSCIDAE)

The present paper describes two new species of the genus Helina Robineau-Desvoidy,1830 from Sichuan,China i.e.Helina similidensibarbata sp.nov.and Helina maoxianica sp.nov.The type species are deposited in the Medical Entomological Collection,Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology AMMS,Beijing,China.1 Helina similidensibarbata sp.nov.(Figs.1-4)This new species resembles Helina densibarbata Xue,2000 from Mt.Changbai,Jilin Province,China,but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters:1)parafacialia about 1.3 times as wide as antennal flagellomere;2)katepisternal setae 2∶2;3)male terminalial surstyli shorter and directed backward,but the latter longer and straightly in lateral view;4)cerci with inner projection on apically.Holotype ♂,Hanyuan,Mt.Daxiangling(29°23'N,102°51'E;alt.3 550 m),Sichuan Province,23 June 1987,coll.FENG Yan.Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin simil,combined with densibarbata,referring to the close relationship with H.densibarbata Xue.2 Helina maoxianica sp.nov.(Figs.5-8)This new species resembles Helina dibrachiata Fang,Li and Deng,1986 from Mt.Emei of Sichuan Province,but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters:1)subbase section on hind tibia with one ad seta;2)femora dark-brown;3)length of the male terminalial surstyli as long as cerci;4)outer-lateral processes on cercus is hiding the back of one at median part.Holotype ♂,Maoxian,Chibusuyabazhai(31°42'N,103°52'E;2 300 m),Sichuan Province,China,22 Aug.1983,coll.QIAO Xue-Rong.Etymology. The species is named after the type locality in Maoxian,Sichuan,China.
The effects of MEK and PKA inhibition on Spire proteins during oocyte maturation.

Asymmetric division of oocytes driven by chromosome migration is a crucial step of oocyte maturation. Actin filaments take key roles in chromosome migration in oocytesThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of MEK and PKA inhibition on the levels of Spire-1 and Spire-2 proteins that are known to be related to actin nucleation.MEK inhibitor PD98059 and PKA inhibitor H89 were applied during IVM to the oocytes retrieved from preovulatory ovarian follicles of PMSG induced 3-5 weeks old female BalbC mice. GVBD and PBE rates were determined. Spire-1 and Spire-2 proteins were detected by immunofluorescence and western blot in oocytes at different maturation stages.Though GVBD rates were similar in different groups, PBE rates were lower in the MEK inhibition group. Through immunofluorescence, cortical localizations of Spire-1 and Spire-2 were determined. MEK inhibition resulted in a decrease in cortical Spire-1 and Spire-2 levels in PBE oocytes. PKA inhibition led to an increase in cortical Spire-1 levels in spindle migration stage oocytes, and an increase in cortical and total Spire-2 levels in PBE oocytes. Application of both MEK and PKA inhibition resulted in compensation of the decrease in Spire-1, while Spire-2 levels remained low with no compensation of PKA inhibition.According to the results of this study, chemical inhibition of MEK and PKA during oocyte maturation alters Spire-1 and Spire-2 protein levels.
Towards causal relationships for modelling species distribution

Understanding the processes underlying the distribution of species through space and time is fundamental in several research fields spanning from ecology to spatial epidemiology. Correlative species distribution models rely on the niche concept to infer or explain the distribution of species, though often focusing only on the abiotic component of the niche (e.g. temperature, precipitation), without clear causal links to the biology of the species under investigation. This might result in an oversimplification of the complex niche hypervolume, resulting in a single model formula whose estimates and predictions lack ecological realism.Not applicable.Not applicable.Virtual species.We believe that a causal perspective associated with a finer definition of the modelling target is necessary to develop more ecologically realistic outputs. Here, we propose to infer the geographical distribution of a species by applying the modelling relation approach, a causal conceptual framework developed by the theoretical biologist Robert Rosen, which can be formalized through structural equation modelling.Our findings suggest that building a model relying on a strong conceptual basis improves the stability of the estimated model's coefficients, without necessarily increasing the predictive accuracy metrics of the model.Including causal processes underlying the spatial distribution of species into an inferential formal system highlights the methodological steps where uncertainty can arise and results in model outputs which are tightly linked to the ecology of the target species.
A review of alternatives traditional cementitious binders for engineering improvement of soils

There is a burgeoning interest in the development, characterisation and implementation of alternatives to cement and other cementitious binders in civil engineering frameworks (i.e. ground improvement). This interest is in part because of the technical advantages and related to environmental and energy issues, particularly in CO2 gas emission challenges in another part. The current paper presents a brief history and a review of alternatives for traditional cementitious binders including pozzolanic materials, alkali-activated materials and reinforcement inclusions. In this respect, the summaries and analyses of the most significant research findings attempt to elucidate chemistry and reaction mechanisms, environmental benefits and underline the reasons why these promising materials have become widely used in construction industry and specifically for the purpose of soil improvement over the last 30 years. Finally, the paper proposes further research and development topics and suggests steps forward to enhance the potential of these materials for ground improvement.
Successive MJO propagation in MERRA‐2 reanalysis

Composite circumnavigating Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) events in Version 2 of the NASA Modern Era Reanalysis for Research and Applications (MERRA‐2) reanalysis propagate as convectively coupled Kelvin waves over the Western Hemisphere and moisture waves like that described by Adames and Kim (2016) over the warm pool. Estimated zonally variable phase speeds of coupled Kelvin waves in the tropics are calculated by determining the “effective static stability” experienced by the wave. The wave is structured similarly to a classically derived deep tropospheric Kelvin wave, and its phase speed is up to 33 m s−1 or 40 m s−1 over the central/eastern Pacific or Atlantic/equatorial Africa, respectively, during boreal winter. Theoretically, estimated phase speeds of convectively coupled Kelvin waves over the tropical warm pool are greater than 15 m s−1, much faster than the propagation of the reanalyzed MJO. A complete theory for MJO propagation around the globe must allow both coupled Kelvin waves and moisture waves.
Enhancing Intrusion Detection with Autoencoder Based Classifier and Statistical Feature Selection

In today's digital landscape, the rapid expansion of computer networks and the increasing reliance on information technology have made network security a paramount concern. With the growing sophistication of cyber threats, traditional intrusion detection systems (IDS) face significant challenges in effectively identifying and mitigating security breaches. To address these evolving threats, novel approaches that combine cutting-edge technologies are required. This paper explores the fusion of autoencoder based classifier to training and classifying the attacks of IDS. This approach is applied on the most meaningful feature that selected based on the pearson correlation (for continues vales) and chi-square test (for binary values). The benchmark NSL-KDD database is utilized to assess the validity of the suggested IDS. The experimental outcomes demonstrate that the designed Intrusion Detection System (IDS) attains superior classification accuracy at 92.27%, outperforming both prior research efforts and alternative classifier methods.
Alexandrium spp.: From Toxicity to Potential Biotechnological Benefits

Many dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium are well known for being responsible for harmful algal blooms (HABs), producing potent toxins that cause damages to other marine organisms, aquaculture, fishery, tourism, as well as induce human intoxications and even death after consumption of contaminated shellfish or fish. In this review, we summarize potential bioprospecting associated to the genus Alexandrium, including which Alexandrium spp. produce metabolites with anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, as well as anti-Alzheimer applications. When available, we report their mechanisms of action and targets. We also discuss recent progress on the identification of secondary metabolites with biological properties favorable to human health and aquaculture. Altogether, this information highlights the importance of studying which culturing conditions induce the activation of enzymatic pathways responsible for the synthesis of bioactive metabolites. It also suggests considering and comparing clones collected in different locations for toxin monitoring and marine bioprospecting. This review can be of interest not only for the scientific community, but also for the entire population and industries.
Segment Routing interworking with LDP

A Segment Routing (SR) node steers a packet through a controlled set of instructions, called segments, by prepending the packet with an SR header. A segment can represent any instruction, topological or service-based. SR allows to enforce a flow through any topological path while maintaining per-flow state only at the ingress node to the SR domain. The Segment Routing architecture can be directly applied to the MPLS data plane with no change in the forwarding plane. This document describes how Segment Routing operates in a network where LDP is deployed and in the case where SR-capable and non-SR-capable nodes coexist.
Students’ Perceptions of the Digital Access Centres at the University of South Africa

This paper sought to investigate the accessibility of Digital Access Centres as a resource for Unisa Students needing to access services away from campus. The Digital Access Centres are available in open-distance e-learning institutions like Unisa in a quest to reach students. Unisa regional computer labs are always fully packed with students queuing to access the computers to access online platforms to write and submit assignments. Students are also expected to use Digital Access Centres to access support services instead of travelling long distances to regional offices or campuses. This study investigated UNISA students’ perceptions and knowledge of Digital Access Centres. A qualitative research methodology was used. Data was generated through semi-structured interviews with thirteen students. The sample was drawn from a population of students who visit computer labs at the Gauteng Regional Service Centre. The data collected revealed that students do not know about Digital Access Centres despite information being available on myUnisa and myChoice brochures. The findings also revealed that few students are accessing Digital Access Centres, and those who visited the centres, indicated that the centres are not fully operational and struggle with connectivity.
Analysis of Hand Function, Upper Limb Disability, and Its Relationship with Peripheral Vascular Alterations in Raynaud’s Phenomenon

This study aimed to compare vascular involvement, hand functionality, and upper limb disability between Raynaud’s phenomenon participants and controls. Also, we analyzed the relationships between vascular impairment, mobility, and strength with disability in this Raynaud population. We conducted a case–control study with fifty-seven participants. We registered sociodemographic and clinical data; vascular variables (temperature, cold test, blood flow, and oxygen saturation); functional variables (pinch strength, range of motion), and disability (Shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire) (Q-DASH). Raynaud participants present more disability in all Q-DASH subscales, lower hands’ temperature pre and post cold test, decreased blood flow on radial artery, decreased ranges of motions at passive extension of index finger, and active flexion and extension of thumb than the healthy controls. The multivariate regression analysis showed that extension of the index finger, lateral pinch strength, and oxygen saturation were significantly associated with disability in RP, almost the 55% of the total variance on the upper limb, 27% at sports/arts, and 42% at work. Our findings suggest that RP has a disabling effect on the upper extremities and a practice of activities in people who suffer it. Also, disability in Raynaud seems to be more related with hand mobility and strength impairment than vascular injury.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC CRISES AND WAR ON THE ACTIVITIES OF JSC “UKRZALIZNYTSIA”

Despite the substantial threat that macroeconomic crisis and war pose to the economic activity of organizations, little attention is paid in the existing literature to the rigorous identification and quantification of such effects. Given this fact, the purpose of the study is to rigorously estimate and quantify the effects of military aggression on the economic activity of organizations in the context of macroeconomic crises. The research methodology includes empirical and quantitative analysis. The empirical analysis was conducted on the basis of official statistical data of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” and the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. Quantitative analysis is based on Event Study and Difference-in-Difference methods to quantify the impact of macroeconomic crises and the war on the organization. Quantitative estimates of the negative impacts of two macroeconomic crises (2009 and 2014–2015) and military action (which began in 2014, but does not take into account its new stage – war from 2022) in Ukraine on the freight traffic of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia" were obtained. The application of the proposed approach to assessing the effect of war due to its universality is possible for the needs and goals not only of transport companies but also of other organizations. The novelty – among the available developments on this issue, a formal assessment of the effect of military aggression which began in 2014 in the macroeconomic crises’ context was conducted for the first time using the existing methods, which allows obtaining parameter estimates resistant to individual-specific and time-specific heterogeneity.