Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detecting spongiosis in stained histopathological specimen using multispectral imaging and machine learning

Pathologists spend nearly 80% of their time analysing pathological tissue samples. In addition, the diagnosis is subject to inter/intra-observer variability. Thus to increase productivity and repeatability, a new field known as Computational Pathology has emerged which combines the field of pathology with computer vision, pattern recognition and machine learning. This research develops a new computational pathology framework specifically to aid with detecting a condition known as spongiosis caused by Newcastle Disease Virus infection in poultry. It combines the use of multispectral imaging with feature extraction and classification to detect areas of spongiosis in tissue of infected poultry. The success of this framework is the first step towards a completely automated diagnosis tool for histopathology.
Downloade Raman spectroscopy for noninvasive glucose measurements

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Abstract. We report the first successful study of the use of Raman spectroscopy for quantitative, noninvasive (''transcutaneous'') measurement of blood analytes, using glucose as an example. As an initial evaluation of the ability of Raman spectroscopy to measure glucose transcutaneously, we studied 17 healthy human subjects whose blood glucose levels were elevated over a period of 2–3 h using a standard glucose tolerance test protocol. During the test, 461 Raman spectra were collected transcutaneously along with glucose reference values provided by standard capillary blood analysis. A partial least squares calibration was created from the data from each subject and validated using leave-one-out cross validation. The mean absolute errors for each subject were 7.8%Ϯ1. 8% (meanϮstd) with R 2 values of 0.83 Ϯ0. 10. We provide spectral evidence that the glucose spectrum is an important part of the calibrations by analysis of the calibration regression vectors.
Outcomes and Trends of Prostate Biopsy for Prostate Cancer in Chinese Men from 2003 to 2011

Background Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is growing in popularity in China, but its impact on biopsy characteristics and outcomes are poorly understood. Objective Our objective was to characterize prostate biopsy outcomes and trends in Chinese men over a 10-year period, since the increasing use of PSA tests. Methods All men (n = 1,650) who underwent prostate biopsy for PCa at Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China from 2003–2011 were evaluated. Demographic and clinical information was collected for each patient, including age, digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal ultrasound (prostate volume and nodule), total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) levels and free PSA ratio (fPSA/tPSA) prior to biopsy. Prostate biopsy was performed using six cores before October 2007 or ten cores thereafter. Logistic regression and multivariate analysis were used to evaluate our data. Results The overall positive rate of prostate biopsy for PCa was 47% and the rate decreased significantly over the years from 74% in 2003 to 33% in 2011 (P-trend = 0.004) . Age at diagnosis was slightly increased (P-trend = 0.04) while fPSA/tPSA was significantly decreased (P-trend = 1.11×10-5). A statistically significant trend was not observed for tPSA levels, prostate volume, or proportion of positive nodule. The model including multiple demographic and clinical variables (i.e., age, DRE, tPSA, fPSA/tPSA and transrectal ultrasound results) (AUC = 0.93) statistically outperformed models that included only PSA (AUC = 0.85) or fPSA/tPSA (AUC = 0.66) to predict PCa risks (P<0.05). Similar results were observed in a subgroup of men whose tPSA levels were lower than 20 ng/mL (AUC = 0.87, vs. AUC of tPSA = 0.62, P<0.05). Conclusions Detection rates of PCa and high-grade PCa among men that underwent prostate biopsy at the institution has decreased significantly in the past 10 years, likely due to increasing use of PSA tests. Predictive performance of demographic and clinical variables of PCa was excellent. These variables should be used in clinics to determine the need for prostate biopsy.
Proposed methodology for a data-driven simulation for estimating performance measures along signalized arterials in real-time

Congestion is one of the major issues facing today¿s transportation sector. Recent efforts have been geared toward providing traffic information to travelers, to facilitate better travel decisions, and transportation facility managers, to allow them to better manage traffic operations. Currently, real-time traffic information is primarily limited to freeways and a small subset of major arterials. This research effort explores the feasibility of an online data-driven simulation based methodology to address the lack of real-time arterial performance measures. The core of this methodology is the development of an online simulation tool that relies on commonly available arterial point sensor data, such as that from loop detectors or video cameras. Preliminary analysis indicates that the approach being considered is feasible as a model of the "real-world" was capable of reflecting performance measures with relatively high levels of accuracy. Limitations of the current research design and more immediate future directions are also presented.
Development of the selection of trusted informants in the domain of illness

This study examined young children's information-seeking behavior for illness or injury by (1) identifying primary informants and (2) determining whether children's evaluations of trusted informants change with development. Studies 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d showed that 3- and 4-year-old children preferred to ask adults, including experts, as well as familiar and unfamiliar adults, for illnesses and injuries, but did not prefer to ask other children and stuffed animals. It was also shown that 3- and 4-year-olds' previous experiences of medical examination were not related with their preferences of informants and that they valued doctors' information about specialized knowledge more than mothers' resources. Studies 2a and 2b examined whether evaluations of trusted informants changed with age. Adults tended to differentiate between informants for contagious and allergic illnesses. However, this differentiation was not observed in 4-, 7-, and 10-year-old children. Adults preferred to seek help from doctors rather than mothers for contagious illnesses and injuries, whereas for allergies they preferred mothers to doctors. However, their reliance on mothers was limited. Preferences for mothers were not observed for nonallergic illnesses, such as headache, toothache, and cancer. Highlights Three- and four-year-old preschoolers preferred to ask adults, including experts as well as familiar and unfamiliar adults, for help with illnesses and injuries, rather than other children and stuffed animals. Three- and four-year-olds valued doctors' information about medication and causes of illness more than mothers' resources, though such preferences were not observed for daily advice, such as dietary and rest for sick individuals. With development, evaluations of trusted informants in the domain of illness changed. Adults tended to differentiate between informants for contagious and allergic illnesses; however, this differentiation was not observed for 4-, 7-, and 10-year-old children.
Router microarchitecture and scalability of ring topology in on-chip networks

On-chip networks are critical to the scaling of future multicore processors. Recent multicore processors have adopted ring topologies because of its simplicity and high bandwidth. In this paper, we first describe a bufferless router microarchitecture for an on-chip network ring topology. We propose to extend the bufferless router with an extra buffer entry to create a lightweight router microarchitecture. The proposed microarchitecture approaches ideal latency by reducing the microarchitecture complexity through minimizing the amount of buffers and simplifying switch allocation. We describe how the proposed lightweight microarchitecture does not need additional virtual channels to break routing deadlock. The scalability of the ring topology is presented as the network size increase. Although the ring topology has larger hop count with larger network diameter, lower per-hop router latency and no serialization latency results in lower latency for the ring topology compared to a 2D mesh topology. However, the wide channels in a ring topology creates bandwidth fragmentation which results in poor bandwidth utilization for short packets, compared to a 2D mesh topology, and can limit the scalability of the ring topology.
Evaluating the Lifespan of Code Smells using Software Repository Mining

An anti-pattern is a commonly occurring solution to a recurring problem that will typically negatively impact code quality. Code smells are considered to be symptoms of anti-patterns and occur at source code level. The lifespan of code smells in a software system can be determined by mining the software repository on which the system is stored. This provides insight into the behaviour of software developers with regard to resolving code smells and anti-patterns. In a case study, we investigate the lifespan of code smells and the refactoring behaviour of developers in seven open source systems. The results of this study indicate that engineers are aware of code smells, but are not very concerned with their impact, given the low refactoring activity.
Preservice Teachers’ Mathematics Teaching Competence: Comparing Performance on Two Measures

This exploratory study examines the relationship between preservice teachers’ performance on a teaching performance assessment for licensure in elementary mathematics and a measure of knowledge that, in studies of practicing teachers, was found to predict effective mathematics teaching. A sample of 89 preservice teachers completed the Performance Assessment for California Teachers (PACT) and the classroom video analysis (CVA) instrument. Correlation analyses found overall weak associations between measures for the whole group. For groups of high, medium, and low performers on PACT, average scores on the CVA measure and its subscales varied in the predicted direction. However, individuals within the PACT performing groups had a relatively broad range of scores on the CVA, and several preservice teachers who performed poorly on PACT had average or better than average performance on the CVA. Similarly, several of the PACT high performers scored below the whole group CVA average. In addition to suggesting areas for future research, the findings raise questions about assessing preservice teachers’ readiness to teach mathematics and the use of a single measure to make licensing decisions.
Temporal and speech processing de ® cits in auditory neuropathy

CACorresponding Author AUDITORY neuropathy affects the normal synchronous activity in the auditory nerve, without affecting the ampli®cation function in the inner ear. Patients with auditory neuropathy often complain that they can hear sounds, but cannot understand speech. Here we report psychophysical tests indicating that these patients' poor speech recognition is due to a severe impairment in their temporal processing abilities. We also simulate this temporal processing impairment in normally hearing listeners and produce similar speech recognition de®cits. This study demonstrates the importance of neural synchrony for auditory perceptions including speech recognition in humans. The results should contribute to better diagnosis and treatment of auditory neuropathy. NeuroReport 10:3429±3435 # 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN ETIS TERHADAP VOICE BEHAVIOR YANG DIMEDIASI OLEH EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT PADA CV ANDI OFFSET YOGYAKARTA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan etis terhadap voice behavior karyawan yang dimediasi oleh employee engagement. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan CV Andi Offset Yogyakarta. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan menyebarkan 45 kuesioner kepada karyawan CV Andi Offset Yogyakarta. Alat analisis yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier sederhana, berganda, dan analisis bootstrapping. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linier sederhana, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan etis berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap voice behavior. Selain itu, kepemimpinan etis berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap employee engagement. Kemudian, employee engagement berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap voice behavior. Akhirnya, employee engagement berhasil memediasi penuh dan signifikan pengaruh antara kepemimpinan etis terhadap voice behavior
Genetic Epidemiology Research Article a Generalized Genetic Random Field Method for the Genetic Association Analysis of Sequencing Data

With the advance of high-throughput sequencing technologies, it has become feasible to investigate the influence of the entire spectrum of sequencing variations on complex human diseases. Although association studies utilizing the new sequencing technologies hold great promise to unravel novel genetic variants, especially rare genetic variants that contribute to human diseases, the statistical analysis of high-dimensional sequencing data remains a challenge. Advanced analytical methods are in great need to facilitate high-dimensional sequencing data analyses. In this article, we propose a generalized genetic random field (GGRF) method for association analyses of sequencing data. Like other similarity-based methods (e.g., SIMreg and SKAT), the new method has the advantages of avoiding the need to specify thresholds for rare variants and allowing for testing multiple variants acting in different directions and magnitude of effects. The method is built on the generalized estimating equation framework and thus accommodates a variety of disease phenotypes (e.g., quantitative and binary phenotypes). Moreover, it has a nice asymptotic property, and can be applied to small-scale sequencing data without need for small-sample adjustment. Through simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed GGRF attains an improved or comparable power over a commonly used method, SKAT, under various disease scenarios, especially when rare variants play a significant role in disease etiology. We further illustrate GGRF with an application to a real dataset from the Dallas Heart Study. By using GGRF, we were able to detect the association of two candidate genes, ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4, with serum triglyceride.
Self-Control Moderates Decision-Making Behavior When Minimizing Losses versus Maximizing Gains

We examined (1) whether people would be more responsive to the delayed consequences of their decisions when attempting to minimize losses than when attempting to maximize gains in a history-dependent decision-making task and (2) how trait self-control would moderate such an effect. In two experiments, participants performed a dynamic decision-making task where they chose one of two options on each trial. The increasing option always gave a smaller immediate reward but caused future rewards for both options to increase. The decreasing option always gave a larger immediate reward but caused future rewards for both options to decrease. In Experiment 1 where the two options had equivalent expected value in the long run, participants were more prone to select the increasing option, which yielded larger benefits on future trials, in the loss-minimization condition than in the gain-maximization condition. Trait self-control moderated the effect of losses by enhancing the effect for low self-control participants while attenuating it for high self-control participants. In Experiment 2 where selecting the increasing option was suboptimal, low self-control participants still attempted to reduce losses on future trials by selecting the increasing option more often than high self-control participants. These results suggest that decision makers value delayed consequences of their actions more in a losses domain relative to a gains domain and low self-control individuals are more susceptible to such an effect. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. key wor ds loss aversion; gains; losses; decision making; self-control; experience-based
Managing a User ’ s Vulnerability on a Social Networking Site

Users often join an online social networking (OSN) site, like Facebook, to remain social, by either staying connected with friends or expanding social networks. On an OSN site, users generally share variety of personal information which is often expected to be visible to their friends, but sometimes vulnerable to unwarranted access from others. The recent study suggests that many personal attributes, including religious and political affiliations, sexual orientation, relationship status, age, and gender, are predictable using users’ personal data from an OSN site. The majority of users want to remain socially active, and protect their personal data at the same time. This tension leads to a user’s vulnerability, allowing privacy attacks which can cause physical and emotional distress to a user, sometimes with dire consequences. For example, stalkers can make use of personal information available on an OSN site to their personal gain. This dissertation aims to systematically study a user vulnerability against such privacy attacks. A user vulnerability can be managed in three steps: (1) identifying, (2) measuring and (3) reducing a user vulnerability. Researchers have long been identifying vulnerabilities arising from user’s personal data, including user names, demographic attributes, lists of friends, wall posts and associated interactions, multimedia data such as photos, audios and videos, and tagging of friends. Hence, this research first proposes a way to measure and reduce a user vulnerability to protect such personal data. This dissertation also proposes an algorithm to minimize a user’s vulnerability while maximizing their social utility values. To address these vulnerability concerns, social networking sites like Facebook usually let their users to adjust their profile settings so as to make some of their data invisible. However, users sometimes interact with others using unprotected posts (e.g.,
Young Gay Adults’ Personal Engagement with Contemporary Hookup Culture Through the Use of Mobile Apps

A rising rate of young gay and bisexual male adults are appropriating gay online dating technologies, specifically through the medium of mobile applications, as the main form of meeting other men like themselves. Judgements or stances on these online applications commonly insinuate that they are used for casual and immediate gratifications through the act of a sexual hookup. This study addresses how young homosexual men are personally engaging and understanding their use of gay mobile applications. The study employs a qualitative and interpretive method of research through using one-on-one interviews. This study recruited twelve men aged 18-26 to provide their thoughts and accounts of their downloaded mobile dating apps and how their meeting with other users online transpired in person. Findings from the interviews indicate that gay mobile apps are more than just a place to meet with someone for sexual intentions, but rather a place of numerously communicated on goings. Communication not only takes place through the form of online written language, but also through self-presented identity in the exchange of photos with other users. Findings reveal that the apps serve as a geographically location based space of possibly fulfilling meaningful interpersonal connections. This replaces the former need for young adults to solely rely on physically labeled gay institutions for meeting others. The conclusions of this study expose the importance gay mobile apps have on the young adult community in meeting men who are seeking men, and the varying reasons they have for doing so. YOUNG GAY ADULTS’ ENGAGMENT WITH CONTEMPORARY HOOKUP CULTURE iii Acknowledgements I would like to convey my sincerest gratitude to my thesis advisor, Dr. Ruth Hickerson. Whose expertise, understanding, and guidance made it possible to work on a topic that was of great interest to me. Her time spent assisting me and my questions, as well as her own thoughtfulness, and attention to detail helped make my visions in this thesis come into fruition. I would also like to thank and express my appreciation to my thesis committee member and professor, Dr. Cindy H. White. Whose unyielding support, engagement, and mentorship since the inception of my project deeply motivated me to put my best work and thoughts into this thesis. In addition, I would like to thank my thesis committee member, Dr. Matthew Brown. Whose shared his genuine interest and enthusiasm in areas of my research and took the time to be involved in my project. To my close friends and family members I cannot express how grateful I am to have had your support during the duration of this study. Finally, it is of essential importance to thank the University of Colorado at Boulder and the University of Colorado at Boulder’s Communication Department. The professors and courses I have taken during my tenure as an undergraduate student helped facilitate my interests and passion in conducting communicative research of my own. YOUNG GAY ADULTS’ ENGAGMENT WITH CONTEMPORARY HOOKUP CULTURE iv
Experimental Videogrammetry and Accelerometry for the 2D Analysis of Human Motion

Virtual human body models are used in many applications that allow human-machine interaction. The measurement of the position of a particular limb in the human body is extremely important in many applications. Human behavior understanding typically involves human body posture analysis or estimation, as well as the generated corresponding gestures. In order to provide a contribution in the referred area, this paper presents the development of an experimental gait analysis system during human walking by videogrammetry, accelerometry and virtual models. The principle of the experimental system is developed to capture the walking image using low-cost webcams, with the support of colored markers placed on the targeted joints. When the subject walks, the system captures and processes the events and determines the angles of the body segments. Parallel to this process, an accelerometer network distributed on the user's body reads these movements, to compare the measurements. Additionally, the results of the videogrammetry system were compared to the DMAS16 Spica Tech system. For result assessment, a virtual body model is presented in real-time motion with data being stored in a database for future evaluations and analyses. The system proposed in this paper showed an average difference of 3.1°, has low cost, and is suitable for a wide range of applications. Copyright © 2013 IFSA.
SaM: A Split and Merge Algorithm for Fuzzy Frequent Item Set Mining

This paper presents SaM, a split and merge algorithm for frequent item set mining. Its distinguishing qualities are an exceptionally simple algorithm and data structure, which not only render it easy to implement, but also convenient to execute on external storage. Furthermore, it can easily be extended to allow for “fuzzy” frequent item set mining in the sense that missing items can be inserted into transactions with a user-specified penalty. In order to demonstrate its performance, we report experiments comparing it with the “fuzzy” frequent item set mining version of RElim (an algorithm we suggested in an earlier paper [15] and improved in the meantime). Keywords— data mining, frequent item set mining, fuzzy frequent item set, fault tolerant data mining