Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The expressive power of first-order topological languages

We consider the expressive power of the first-order structure 〈Ω, C〉 where Ω is either of two of different domains of extended regions in Euclidean space, and C(x,y) is the topological relation “Region x is in contact with region y. ” We prove two main theorems: • Let P[Q] be the domain of bounded, non-empty, rational polyhedra in twoor threedimensional Euclidean space. A relation Γ over P[Q] is definable in the structure 〈P[Q], C〉 if and only if Γ is arithmetic and invariant under rational PL-homeomorphisms of the space to itself. We also extend this result to a number of other domains, including the domain of all polyhedra and the domain of semi-algebraic regions. • Let R be the space of bounded, non-empty, closed regular regions. in n-dimensional Euclidean space. Any analytical relation over lower-dimensional (i.e. empty interior) compact point sets that is invariant under homeomorphism is implicitly definable in the structure 〈R, C〉.
Glycine-Extended Gastrin Promotes the Growth of Lung Cancer

The less processed forms of gastrin have recently been shown to act as trophic factors for both normal and malignant colonic cells. Although incompletely processed forms of gastrin such as glycine-extended gastrin and progastrin are also expressed in human lung cancers, the clinical significance of this expression has not been addressed. Consequently, we investigated the effects of overexpression of glycine-extended gastrin in a mouse strain that is prone to developing lung cancer and also examined the expression of incompletely processed gastrins in primary human lung cancers. We found that transgenic overexpression of glycine-extended gastrin in FVB/N mice resulted in a significant increase in the prevalence and growth of bronchoalveolar carcinoma. In addition, a substantial subset of human lung cancers was found to express progastrin and/or glycine-extended gastrin. Overexpression of glycine-extended gastrin by human lung cancers was associated with a significantly decreased survival. Taken together, these results suggest that glycine-extended gastrin may play a role in the growth and progression of some human lung cancers.
A High-Precision Approach of Traffic Anomaly Based on Fractal and Binary Symbolic

In this paper it proposed a high-precision approach based on fractal and binary symbol which can be used into traffic anomaly. Dozens of high level representations of time series have been introduced for data mining in the literature. Traditional dimension reduction methods about traffic anomaly introduce the smoothness to data series in some degree that the important features of time series about non-linearity and fractal are destroyed. But they have a common question if they are used to be in the traffic area. That is the speed that carries on data mining too slowly. The traffic anomaly approach is unique in which it allows dimensionality reduction and it also preserved the fractal features. The experiments have been performed on synthetic, as well as traffic data sequences to evaluate the proposed method.
Using a spatial filter and a geographic information system to improve rabies surveillance data.

The design and coordination of antirabies measures (e.g., oral vaccine and disease awareness campaigns) often depend on surveillance data. In Kentucky, health officials are concerned that the raccoon rabies epizootic that has spread throughout the east coast since the late 1970s could enter the state. The quality of surveillance data from Kentucky's 120 counties, however, may not be consistent. This article presents a geographic model that can be used with a geographic information system (GIS) to assess whether a county has a lower number of animals submitted for rabies testing than surrounding counties. This technique can be used as a first step in identifying areas needing improvement in their surveillance scheme. This model is a variant of a spatial filter that uses points within an area of analysis (usually a circle) to estimate the value of a central point. The spatial filter is an easy-to-use method of identifying point patterns, such as clusters or holes, at various geographic scales (county, intraurban), by using the traditional circle as an area of analysis or a GIS to incorporate a political shape (county boundary).
Long Term Adrenal Insufficiency Induces Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Increases the Serum Levels of Active Form Myostatin in Rat Serum

Abstract Skeletal muscle wasting is a common symptom in the adrenal insufficiency such as Addison's disease. Although it has been suspected that several cytokines and/or growth factors are responsible for the manifestation of the symptom, the precise mechanisms underlying the phenomenon have so far been poorly understood. Myostatin is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscles and involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass. Recently, several reports indicated that myostatin is secreted into the circulation and the increased levels of circulating myostatin is associated with the induction of skeletal muscle wasting in adult animals. We, therefore, hypothesized that the increased levels of circulating myostatin may account for the development of skeletal muscle wasting in adrenal insufficiency. To test the validity of this hypothesis, we compared the serum levels of myostatin in normal with those in bilaterally adrenalectomized (ADX) rats, a model of Addison's disease, by Western blot analysis. The active form of myostatin (13 kDa) was barely detectable in the sera collected either 1 month or 2 month after adrenalectomy, but present at conspicuously detectable levels in those obtained 3 month after the operation, while the total amounts of myostatin proteins (sum of the precursor and the active forms) remained constant at all the time points examined post-operatively. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the increased serum levels of active form of myostatin protein, induced yet unknown post-translational control mechanisms may be responsible, at least in part, for the muscle wasting associated with the adrenal insufficiency syndromes.
Directing Neural Representations of Space

The study of the neurobiology of spatial navigation provides a neural model for a complex form of learning that is likely to be highly conserved across evolution. Single cell recordings from rats as they forage through spatially extended environments have revealed that salient spatial, movement, and reinforcement information become incorporated into local computational networks across multiple brain structures in a context-specific manner. The hippocampus is thought to evaluate the extent to which the current spatial context is different from the one expected based on past experience. This information may be passed on to update long term memory representational systems. Also, hippocampal contextual information may inform behavioral expression systems of the frontal cortex and striatum such that appropriate behavioral responses and strategies are employed. Together, the continuous evaluation of, and responses to, changes in current sensory and reinforcement conditions allow animals to flexibly adapt to ever changing environmental demands. Chapter Outline & Navigation
VolGrab: Realizing 3D View Navigation by Aerial Hand Gestures

In this paper, we propose a user interface that combines the existing touch interface with 3D view navigation by aerial hand gestures and that realizes simultaneous zooming and scrolling. While the touch interface enables only planar operation, aerial hand gestures enable 3D operation with an increased number of axes, and enables smooth navigation that integrates zoom and scroll operations by assigning the direction that is normal to the screen to zooming and the direction that is parallel to the screen to scrolling. We implemented a map application based on the proposed interface, and confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed interface.
Una re-evaluación del paradigma de la creencia falsa

Resumen Este artículo explora algunos supuestos inferenciales de la prueba de la creencia falsa (PCF) en niños de cuatro años. El primer estudio muestra una disociación entre la “conservación de la creencia” en PCF y la “conservación del número”. El segundo estudio explora tres supuestos inferenciales de la PCF a saber: 1) las creencias verdaderas son m´s f´ciles que la falsas; 2) la predicción del comportamiento se basa necesariamente en la atribución de creencias; y 3) los estados mentales propios no son “transparentes” y deben inferirse. Los resultados muestran que los niños: 1) tienen m´s dificultades con una “creencia verdadera” que con una falsa; 2) predicen acertadamente el comportamiento sin atribuir creencias falsas; y 3) no actúan mejor cuando se induce una simulación de identidad con el personaje. El tercer estudio presenta el PCF en dos contextos “intencionales” diferentes: engaño y “buena intención”. Los niños predicen mejor el comportamiento en la condición de engaño y sólo en ésta presentan una disociación entre predicción de comportamiento y atribución de creencia. En conjunto se concluye que el razonamiento “mentalista” temprano comparte recursos inferenciales y “atajos” no inferenciales en la predicción y en al comprensión del compartamiento intencional.
Long-Term Partial Remission of AutoImmune Thrombocytopenia in a Patient Treated with the Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Antibody Infliximab for Refractory Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease

Background: Up to the present date, the treatment of recurrent chronic fistulas occurring with Crohn’s disease represents a challenging task for both internists and surgeons alike. Methods: Conservative methods of treatment using steroids, dietotherapy, antibiotics or immunosuppressive agents are not particularly effective in treating fistulas. Treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) antibodies results in more remissions of fistulas. However, its use requires appropriate medical experience and causes substantial costs. Surgical procedures such as fistula sanitation or protective ileostomy are often obfuscated by the recurrence of the condition. The efficiency of anti-TNFα antibodies for the treatment of active Crohn’s disease has been evidenced through several multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Results: Here we report the successful anti-TNFα treatment of a patient suffering from chronic, fistulizing, therapy-resistant Crohn‘s disease and a concomitant chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenia. The chimeric anti-TNFα antibody infliximab markedly reduced the disease activity of Crohn’s disease, and, in addition, substantially increased the platelet counts. After infliximab application, no other treatment of autoimmune thrombocytopenia was required. After infliximab therapy, autoantibodies to dsDNS could be observed. However, there were no signs of a lupus-like disease. Conclusion: This report indicates a favorable therapeutic response of autoimmune thrombocytopenia associated to Crohn’s disease.
Reliability of Thai version Boston questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE To determine the reliability of the Thai version Boston questionnaire. SETTING Hospital-based electrodiagnosis laboratory, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. MATERIAL AND METHOD The Boston questionnaire is the severity rating instrument for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). It consists of 11 items of symptom severity scores (SSS) and eight items of functional severity scores (FSS). CTS patients, confirmed by electrodiagnosis, were evaluated by the Thai version Boston questionnaire. The reliability was assessed by internal consistency using Chronbach's alpha coefficient. RESULTS Thirty-one subjects (4 male and 27 female) enrolled in the present study. Among these, six were classified as mild, nine as moderate, and 16 as severe CTS. Chronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.86 and 0.84 in SSS and FSS, respectively. CONCLUSION Thai version Boston questionnaire is reliable to measure hand symptoms and disabilities due to carpal tunnel syndrome.
An FMCW fractional-N PLL-based synthesizer for integrated 79 GHz automotive radar sensors

A fully-integrated and highly linear 79 GHz FMCW synthesizer that is based on fractional-N PLL and intended for automotive radar applications is presented. The frequency synthesizer covers complete automotive band 77–81 GHz of interest and is able to generate complex modulation waveforms with up to 16 different chirp slopes in the single modulation scheme. This helps eliminating potential ghost targets in multitarget environments by careful radar signal post-processing. High chirp linearity with the worst-case frequency error that is lower than 200 kHz across the full 4 GHz tuning range enables high ranging and radial velocity resolutions. The proposed FMCW synthesizer occupies 1.8mm2 of area and dissipates 0.35 W as a stand-alone chip solution in the standard SiGe:C HBT 130nm BiCMOS process technology.
Dimerization of NKp46 Receptor Is Essential for NKp46-Mediated Lysis: Characterization of the Dimerization Site by Epitope Mapping

NKp46 is a primary activating receptor of NK cells that is involved in lysis of target cells by NK cells. Previous studies showed that the membrane-proximal domain of NKp46 (NKp46D2) retained the binding of NKp46 to its ligands and is involved in lysis. We studied NKp46D2 by using a peptide-based epitope mapping approach and identified an NKp46D2-derived linear epitope that inhibited NKp46-mediated lysis. The epitope, designated as pep4 (aa 136–155), interacted with NKp46, and lysis by NK cells was inhibited by the presence of pep4. Through modeling and mutagenesis, we showed that pep4 could be involved in NKp46 homodimerization. R145 and D147 contribute to the function of pep4, and R145Q mutation in recombinant NKp46 reduced its binding to target cells. At the cellular level, fluorescent resonance energy transfer analysis revealed that pep4 is indeed involved in dimerization of cell membrane-associated NKp46. We suggest that the NKp46-derived pep4 site is part of the dimerization surface of NKp46 and that NKp46 dimerization contributes to NKp46-mediated lysis by NK cells.
How we could realize big data value

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities of big data. In the big data age, data value not only limits quantization analysis, but also need to dig multidimensional attributes. Data mining should transform from goal-oriented to big data-driving model. By establishing self-organizing learning model, data resources would deeply influence mankind's thinking model and innovation mechanism. Therefore each field including governments, educational institutions and enterprises should make preparation to realize big data value and gain competiton advantages.
Quantitative Characterization and Analysis of the I/O Behavior of a Commercial Distributed-Shared-Memory Machine

This paper presents a unified evaluation of the I/O behavior of a commercial clustered DSM machine, the HP Exemplar. Our study has the following objectives: 1) To evaluate the impact of different interacting system components, namely, architecture, operating system, and programming model, on the overall I/O behavior and identify possible performance bottlenecks, and 2) To provide hints to the users for achieving high out-of-box I/O throughput. We find that for the DSM machines that are built as a cluster of SMP nodes, integrated clustering of computing and I/O resources, both hardware and software, is not advantageous for two reasons. First, within an SMP node, the I/O bandwidth is often restricted by the performance of the peripheral components and cannot match the memory bandwidth. Second, since the I/O resources are shared as a global resource, the file-access costs become nonuniform and the I/O behavior of the entire system, in terms of both scalability and balance, degrades. We observe that the buffered I/O performance is determined not only by the I/O subsystem, but also by the programming model, global-shared memory subsystem, and data-communication mechanism. Moreover, programming-model support can be used effectively to overcome the performance constraints created by the architecture and operating system. For example, on the HP Exemplar, users can achieve high I/O throughput by using features of the programming model that balance the sharing and locality of the user buffers and file systems. Finally, we believe that at present, the I/O subsystems are being designed in isolation, and there is a need for mending the traditional memory-oriented design approach to address this problem.
Gamma Oscillations Induced by Kainate Receptor Activation in the Entorhinal Cortex In Vitro

Gamma frequency (30–80 Hz) oscillations are recordable from human and rodent entorhinal cortex. A number of mechanisms used by neuronal networks to generate such oscillations in the hippocampus have been characterized. However, it is as yet unclear as to whether these mechanisms apply to other anatomically disparate brain regions. Here we show that the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) in isolation in vitro generates gamma frequency oscillations in response to kainate receptor agonists. Oscillations had the same horizontal and laminar spatiotemporal distribution as seen in vivo and in the isolated whole-brain preparation. Oscillations occurred in the absence of input from the hippocampal formation and did not spread to lateral entorhinal regions. Pharmacological similarities existed between oscillations in the hippocampus and mEC in that the latter were also sensitive to GABAA receptor blockade, barbiturates, AMPA receptor blockade, and reduction in gap junctional conductance. Stellate and pyramidal neuron recordings revealed a large GABAergic input consisting of gamma frequency IPSP trains. Fast spiking interneurons in the superficial mEC generated action potentials at gamma frequencies phase locked to the local field. Stellate cells also demonstrated a subthreshold membrane potential oscillation at theta frequencies that was temporally correlated with a theta-frequency modulation in field gamma power. Disruption in this stellate theta frequency oscillation by the hyperpolarisation activated current (Ih) blocker ZD7288 also disrupted theta modulation of field gamma frequency oscillations. We propose that similar cellular and network mechanisms to those seen in the hippocampus generate and modulate persistent gamma oscillations in the entorhinal cortex.
« Militer ça donne des forces. » : Potentiel transformateur et intégrateur de l'action collective des chômeurs

A partir d’une enquete de terrain realisee au sein d’une organisation de lutte contre le chomage, « Agir ensemble contre le chomage » (AC ! ), cet article analyse le potentiel transformateur et integrateur de l’action collective des chomeurs, notamment pour ceux qui sont eloignes depuis plusieurs annees du marche de l’emploi et ne disposent pas de socialisation militante. Si la participation a un collectif de chomeurs a pu etre apprehendee comme un risque d’enfermement dans la condition de chomeur, l’enquete souligne qu’elle peut aussi se presenter comme un moyen de la modifier temporairement, du moins dans certains contextes. Ce processus repose sur des modes d’action qui renversent le stigmate. Il depend plus largement du travail accompli dans ces univers militants qui s’accompagne de dynamiques de valorisation et d’affirmation de soi, pouvant parfois conduire a un redeploiement des trajectoires sociales et professionnelles.
Performance Analysis of Multi-Dimensional ESPRIT-Type Algorithms for Arbitrary and Strictly Non-Circular Sources With Spatial Smoothing

Spatial smoothing is a widely used preprocessing scheme to improve the performance of high-resolution parameter estimation algorithms in case of coherent signals or if only a small number of snapshots is available. In this paper, we present a first-order performance analysis of the spatially smoothed versions of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$</tex-math></inline-formula>-D Standard ESPRIT and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$</tex-math></inline-formula>-D Unitary ESPRIT for sources with arbitrary signal constellations as well as <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$</tex-math></inline-formula>-D NC Standard ESPRIT and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$</tex-math></inline-formula>-D NC Unitary ESPRIT for strictly second-order (SO) non-circular (NC) sources. The derived expressions are asymptotic in the effective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), i.e., the approximations become exact for either high SNRs or a large sample size. Moreover, no assumptions on the noise statistics are required apart from a zero mean and finite SO moments. We show that both <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$</tex-math></inline-formula>-D NC ESPRIT-type algorithms with spatial smoothing perform asymptotically identical in the high effective SNR regime. Generally, the performance of spatial smoothing based algorithms depends on the number of subarrays, which is a design parameter that needs to be chosen beforehand. In order to gain more insights into the optimal choice of the number of subarrays, we simplify the derived analytical <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$</tex-math></inline-formula>-D mean square error (MSE) expressions for the special case of a single source. The obtained MSE expression explicitly depends on the number of subarrays in each dimension, which allows us to analytically find the optimal number of subarrays for spatial smoothing. Based on this result, we additionally derive the maximum asymptotic gain from spatial smoothing and compute the asymptotic efficiency for the single source case in closed-form. All the analytical results are verified by simulations.
Social media: the Wild West of CSR communications

Purpose - – This paper aims to posit the central argument that traditional media of old presented a clear, ordered world of communication management for organisations to extol their corporate social responsibility (CSR) credentials. In contrast to this, new Web 2.0 social media is increasingly being used by activists and hactivists to challenge corporate communication CSR messages and does so by highlighting instances and examples of corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) (Jones Design/methodology/approach - – The paper reports on research data from the European Communication Monitor, 2010, 2011 and 2012 ( Findings - – In late modernity (Giddens, 1990), communication comes in many guises. Social media is one guise and it has re-shaped as well as transformed the nature of communications and the relationship between organisations and their stakeholders. Originality/value - – Communicating CSR in the Wild West of social media requires diplomatic and political nous, as well as awareness and knowledge of the dangers and pitfalls of CSI. The data reported on in this paper well illustrate the above points and set out scenarios for future development of corporate communication of CSR through and with social media.