Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power-Sharing Method of Multiple Distributed Generators Considering Control Modes and Configurations of a Microgrid

This paper describes the active power and frequency-control principles of multiple distributed generators (DGs) in a microgrid. Microgrids have two operating modes: 1) a grid-connected mode and 2) an islanded mode. During islanded operation, one DG unit should share output generation power with other units in exact accordance with the load. Two different options for controlling the active power of DGs are introduced and analyzed: 1) unit output-power control (UPC) and 2) feeder flow control (FFC). Taking into account the control mode and the configuration of the DGs, we investigate power-sharing principles among multiple DGs under various system conditions: 1) load variation during grid-connected operation, 2) load variation during islanded operation, and 3) loss of mains (disconnected from the main grid). Based on the analysis, the FFC mode is advantageous to the main grid and the microgrid itself under load variation conditions. However, when the microgrid is islanded, the FFC control mode is limited by the existing droop controller. Therefore, we propose an algorithm to modify the droop constant of the FFC-mode DGs to ensure proper power sharing among DGs. The principles and the proposed algorithm are verified by PSCAD simulation.
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Ontology mapping is the task of finding semantic relationships between entities (i.e. concept, attribute and relation) of two ontologies. In the existing literatures, many (semi-)automatic approaches have found considerable interest by combining several mapping strategies (namely multi-strategy mapping). However, experiments show that multi-strategy based mapping does not always outperform its single-strategy counterpart. We here mainly consider the following questions: For a new, unseen mapping task, should one use a multi-strategy or a single-strategy? And if the task is suitable for multi-strategy, then which strategies should be selected in the combined scenario? This paper proposes an approach of multiple strategies detection for ontology mapping. The results obtained so far show that multi-strategy detection improves both on precision and recall significantly.
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade Reverses Obesity-Related Changes in Expression of Adiponectin, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-&ggr;, and Proinflammatory Adipokines

Background— In obesity, decreases in adiponectin and increases in proinflammatory adipokines are associated with heart disease. Because adipocytes express mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and MR blockade reduces cardiovascular inflammation and injury, we tested the hypothesis that MR blockade reduces inflammation and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue and increases adiponectin expression in adipose tissue and hearts of obese mice. Methods and Results— We determined the effect of MR blockade (eplerenone, 100 mg/kg per day for 16 weeks) on gene expression in retroperitoneal adipose and heart tissue from obese, diabetic db/db mice (n=8) compared with untreated obese, diabetic db/db mice (n=10) and lean, nondiabetic db/+ littermates (n=11). Expression of tumor necrosis factor-&agr;, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, and macrophage protein CD68 increased, and expression of adiponectin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-&ggr; decreased in retroperitoneal adipose tissue from obese versus lean mice. In addition, adiponectin expression in heart was reduced in obese versus lean mice. MR blockade prevented these obesity-related changes in gene expression. Furthermore, treatment of undifferentiated preadipocytes with aldosterone (10−8 mol/L for 24 hours) increased mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-&agr; and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and reduced mRNA and protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-&ggr; and adiponectin, supporting a direct aldosterone effect on gene expression. Conclusions— MR blockade reduced expression of proinflammatory and prothrombotic factors in adipose tissue and increased expression of adiponectin in heart and adipose tissue of obese, diabetic mice. These effects on adiponectin and adipokine gene expression may represent a novel mechanism for the cardioprotective effects of MR blockade.
A Dynamic Structural Analysis of Enterprise Knowledge Sharing

Enterprise 2.0 systems (such as employee expertise sharing forums, employee blogs, and internal wikis) have been adopted in a number of organizations to overcome the barriers to intraorganizational knowledge sharing that have emerged as a result of knowledge silos formed over the year. However, organizations are still struggling to understand the knowledge sharing behavior of employees on these systems, in improving the design of these systems and devising policies to enhance knowledge sharing on these systems. Using unique data, on expertise sharing forum, from a Fortune 1000 IT services firm, we present a theoretically grounded dynamic structural model of employee knowledge seeking and sharing behavior. The different incentives for employees to seek and share knowledge (knowledge gain, reputation, and costs) are structurally incorporated in our model. In our model, the employees are forward looking rational individuals who decide when to seek and share knowledge so as to maximize their long term utility. The results indicate that the employees receive utility from sharing knowledge due to reputation gain but loose utility from the time-effort cost of answering; employees also receive utility from seeking knowledge due to knowledge gain but loose utility due to reputation lost and the time-effort cost involved in asking. Furthermore, the results reveal an inherent “reputation divide” among the expertise sharing community where employees with high (low) knowledge level are more likely to respond to requests from employees with high (low) knowledge level than others. We conduct several counterfactuals to investigate the impact of different policies related to system interface and incentive structure design. We find that the firm can bridge the “reputation divide” significantly and increase the extent of knowledge sharing by anonymizing the knowledge seekers but not the sharers.
Screening for binge eating disorders using the Patient Health Questionnaire in a community sample.

OBJECTIVE To examine the operating characteristics of the Patient Health Questionnaire eating disorder module (PHQ-ED) for identifying bulimia nervosa/binge eating disorder (BN/BED) or recurrent binge eating (RBE) in a community sample and to compare true positive (TP) versus false positive (FP) cases on clinical validators. METHOD Two hundred and fifty-nine screen-positive individuals and a random sample of 89 screen negative cases completed a diagnostic interview. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) were calculated. TP and FP cases were compared using t-tests and Chi-square tests. RESULTS The PHQ-ED had high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (92%) for detecting BN/BED or RBE, but PPV was low (10 or 19%). TP and FP cases did not differ significantly on frequency of subjective bulimic episodes, objective overeating, restraint, on BMI, and on self-rated health. DISCUSSION The PHQ-ED is recommended for use in large populations only in conjunction with follow-up questions to rule out cases without objective bulimic episodes.
Surgical wound infection as a performance indicator: agreement of common definitions of wound infection in 4773 patients

Abstract Objective To assess the level of agreement between common definitions of wound infection that might be used as performance indicators. Design Prospective observational study. Setting London teaching hospital group receiving emergency cases as well as tertiary referrals. Participants 4773 surgical patients staying in hospital at least two nights. Main outcome measures Numbers of wound infections based on purulent discharge alone, on the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) definition of wound infection, on the nosocomial infection national surveillance scheme (NINSS) version of the CDC definition, and on the ASEPSIS scoring method. Results 5804 surgical wounds were assessed during 5028 separate hospital admissions. The mean percentage of wounds classified as infected differed substantially with different definitions: 19.2% with the CDC definition (95% confidence interval 18.1% to 20.4%), 14.6% (13.6% to 15.6%) with the NINSS version, 12.3% (11.4% to 13.2%) with pus alone, and 6.8% (6.1% to 7.5%) with an ASEPSIS score > 20. The agreement between definitions with respect to individual wounds was poor. Wounds with pus were automatically defined as infected with the CDC, NINSS, and pus alone definitions, but only 39% (283/714) of these had ASEPSIS scores > 20. Conclusions Small changes made to the CDC definition or even in its interpretation, as with the NINSS version, caused major variation in estimated percentage of wound infection. Substantial numbers of wounds were differently classified across the grades of infection. A single definition used consistently can show changes in percentage wound infection over time at a single centre, but differences in interpretation prevent comparison between different centres.
A quantized reliability-relay selection method for wireless cooperative communications

In this paper, we propose a relay selection method for cooperative communication systems (CCS) employing the QPSK modulation scheme. The relay nodes forward their reliability to the destination node, utilizing a quantized reliability-relaying (QRR) scheme. The reliability is divided into five different levels by the relay nodes, according to the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) value of the received signal from the source node. Then, a suitable symbol is forwarded to the destination node if the relay node is set as active. A relay node is set as active if the reliability of the received signal is beyond a certain threshold. We provide analysis of the LLR for QPSK and carry out numerical simulations comparing the bit error rate (BER) of the QRR method against regular decode-and-forward (DF) and the best relay selection algorithms. A channel estimation algorithm is utilized to evaluate the performance of the system, as well as calculations of the normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of the channels. The special case of a system employing BPSK is also investigated.
Enhanced Cognitive Relaying for Providing Continuous Connections in Wireless Networks

Typically, when a target user moves from its own network, which is denoted Net1, into another one, which is denoted Net2, its services would be interrupted. In this case, the target user can be viewed as a secondary user (SU), whereas the user of Net2 is a primary user (PU). By taking the advantage of cognitive radios, we propose a two-phase cognitive relaying (TCR) protocol to provide continuous connections for Net1 while guaranteeing the quality-of-service (QoS) of Net2 in wireless networks. The interference cancelation and time optimization techniques are also employed in TCR to further improve the transmission performance of Net1. Under TCR, both the downlink and uplink transmissions of the target user are investigated. We derive the closed-form expressions of outage probabilities for traditional and proposed transmission protocols over Rayleigh fading channels, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate that, with a guaranteed QoS of Net2, TCR transmissions can not only ensure continuous connections for the target user but achieve lower outage probabilities than traditional cases as well. In addition, it is shown that the outage probabilities of TCR transmissions can be minimized by optimizing the transmission time allocation.
Comparison of analytical models for predicting cogging torque in surface-mounted PM machines

The paper compares five analytical models for predicting the cogging torque in surface-mounted permanent magnet machines, viz. lateral force (LF), complex permeance (CP), and combined CP models, together with subdomain (SD) models based on single slot/pole and exact SD model. The models are evaluated for the cogging torque waveforms and the prediction of optimal pole-arc to pole-pitch and slot-opening to slot-pitch ratios for cogging torque reduction. It shows that all analytical models predict similar waveforms but different magnitudes. The performance of the LF model is very stable and it is very accurate for slot-opening to slot-pitch ratio less than 0.2, but tends to underestimate above this. Both CP models have similar and relatively lower accuracy and usually overestimate the cogging torque due to neglecting the deformations of magnets and the path to predict the airgap flux density in the conformal mapping. The SD models have high accuracy while the exact SD model is most accurate by accounting for mutual influence between slots.
Figure 1: PRISMA flow diagram.

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3′-Phosphodiesterase and 3′→5′ Exonuclease Activities of Yeast Apn2 Protein and Requirement of These Activities for Repair of Oxidative DNA Damage

ABSTRACT In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the AP endonucleases encoded by the APN1 and APN2 genes provide alternate pathways for the removal of abasic sites. Oxidative DNA-damaging agents, such as H2O2, produce DNA strand breaks which contain 3′-phosphate or 3′-phosphoglycolate termini. Such 3′ termini are inhibitory to synthesis by DNA polymerases. Here, we show that purified yeast Apn2 protein contains 3′-phosphodiesterase and 3′→5′ exonuclease activities, and mutation of the active-site residue Glu59 to Ala in Apn2 inactivates both these activities. Consistent with these biochemical observations, genetic studies indicate the involvement of APN2 in the repair of H2O2-induced DNA damage in a pathway alternate to APN1, and the Ala59 mutation inactivates this function of Apn2. From these results, we conclude that the ability of Apn2 to remove 3′-end groups from DNA is paramount for the repair of strand breaks arising from the reaction of DNA with reactive oxygen species.
Integration of Reactive, Torque-Based Self-Collision Avoidance Into a Task Hierarchy

Reactively dealing with self-collisions is an important requirement on multidegree-of-freedom robots in unstructured and dynamic environments. Classical methods to integrate respective algorithms into task hierarchies cause substantial problems: Either these unilateral safety constraints are permanently active, unnecessarily locking DOF for other tasks, or they get activated online and result in a discontinuous control law. We propose a new, reactive self-collision avoidance algorithm for highly complex robotic systems with a large number of DOF. In particular, configuration-dependent damping is imposed to dissipate undesired kinetic energy in a well-directed manner. Moreover, we merge the algorithm with a novel method to incorporate these unilateral constraints into a dynamic task hierarchy. Our approach both allows us to specifically limit the force/torque derivative to comply with physical constraints of the real robot and to prevent discontinuities in the control law while activating/deactivating the constraints. No redundancy is wasted. No comparable algorithms have been developed and implemented on a torque-controlled robot with such a level of complexity so far. The implementation of our generic solution on the multi-DOF humanoid Justin clearly validates the performance and demonstrates the real-time applicability of our synthetic approach. The proposed method can be used to contribute to whole-body controllers.
Day-4 Myeloid Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Whole Tumor Lysate Are Highly Immunogenic and Elicit Potent Anti-Tumor Responses

“Day-7” myeloid DCs are commonly used in the clinic. However, there is a strong need to develop DCs faster that have the same potent immunostimulatory capacity as “Day-7” myeloid DCs and at the same time minimizing time, labor and cost of DC preparations. Although “2 days” DCs can elicit peptide-specific responses, they have not been demonstrated to engulf, process and present complex whole tumor lysates, which could be more convenient and personalized source of tumor antigens than defined peptides. In this preclinical study, we evaluated the T-cell stimulatory capacity of Day-2, Day-4, and Day-7 cultured monocyte-derived DCs loaded with SKOV3 cell whole lysate prepared by freeze-thaw or by UVB-irradiation followed by freeze-thaw, and matured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-gamma. DCs were evaluated for antigen uptake, and following maturation with LPS and IFN-gamma, DCs were assessed for expression of CD80, CD40, CD86, ICAM-1 and CCR7, production of IL-12p70 and IP-10, and induction of tumor-specific T-cell responses. Day-4 and Day-7 DCs exhibited similar phagocytic abilities, which were superior to Day-2 DCs. Mature Day-7 DCs expressed the highest CD40 and ICAM-1, but mature Day-4 DCs produced the most IL-12p70 and IP-10. Importantly, Day-4 and Day-7 DCs derived from ovarian cancer patients stimulated equally strongly tumor-specific T-cell responses. This is the first study demonstrating the highly immunogenic and strong T-cell stimulatory properties of Day-4 myeloid DCs, and provided important preclinical data for rapid development of potent whole tumor lysate-loaded DC vaccines that are applicable to many tumor types.
Improving Product Display of E-commerce Website through Aesthetics, Attractiveness and Interactivity

In the development process of online store, the attributes of the product view is very important. The fundamental problem that motivated this study is to find the factors that determine customer acceptance of virtual stores especially related with the product display. Through an experimental study, the features of jcpenney.com, victoriassecret.com and adidas.com have been analyzed with respect to aesthetics, attractiveness and interactivity. We present a theoretical framework that highlights the relative importance of these attributes of display to attract customers. Results of this research are expected to provide a basis for better design and display of product at the online store. The results recommend improved guidelines for product display on e-commerce website. We present, from our experience and conclude with suggestions for design and evaluation of product display at the online store.
BRCA1 Mutation and Young Age Predict Fast Breast Cancer Growth in the Dutch, United Kingdom, and Canadian Magnetic Resonance Imaging Screening Trials

Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) screening enables early detection of breast cancers in women with an inherited predisposition. Interval cancers occurred in women with a BRCA1 mutation, possibly due to fast tumor growth. We investigated the effect of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation and age on the growth rate of breast cancers, as this may influence the optimal screening frequency. Experimental Design: We reviewed the invasive cancers from the United Kingdom, Dutch, and Canadian MRI screening trials for women at hereditary risk, measuring tumor size at diagnosis and on preceding MRI and/or mammography. We could assess tumor volume doubling time (DT) in 100 cancers. Results: Tumor DT was estimated for 43 women with a BRCA1 mutation, 16 women with a BRCA2 mutation, and 41 women at high risk without an identified mutation. Growth rate slowed continuously with increasing age (P = 0.004). Growth was twice as fast in BRCA1 (P = 0.003) or BRCA2 (P = 0.03) patients as in high-risk patients of the same age. The mean DT for women with BRCA1/2 mutations diagnosed at ages ≤40, 41 to 50, and >50 years was 28, 68, and 81 days, respectively, and 83, 121, and 173 days, respectively, in the high-risk group. Pathologic tumor size decreased with increasing age (P = 0.001). Median size was 15 mm for patients ages ≤40 years compared with 9 mm in older patients (P = 0.003); tumors were largest in young women with BRCA1 mutations. Conclusion: Tumors grow quickly in women with BRCA1 mutations and in young women. Age and risk group should be taken into account in screening protocols.
Sentential context and on-line lexical decision.

J. L. Nicol and D. Swinney (1989) reported that lexical decision response times to a test word that was related to the implicit object of a verb were faster, when tested immediately after the verb, than response times to a control test word. They concluded from this result that the relation between the implicit object and the verb was understood during comprehension. In G. McKoon, R. Ratcliff, and G. Ward (1994), another interpretation was suggested, that the faster lexical decision response times were due to the better semantic-pragmatic fit of the related test words to the sentential contexts, and experimental data were presented to support this interpretation. In response, J.L. Nicol, J. D. Fodor, and D. Swinney (1994) pointed out some possible problems with these experiments. The experiment presented in this article undermines their arguments. By using sentences in which there was no implicit object, exactly the same pattern of results was found as originally reported by J. L. Nicol and D. Swinney, thereby implicating some factor other than syntactic processing of an implicit object as an explanation of their finding.
Job Characteristics in the United States Air Force and Mental Health Service Utilization

Abstract : Data from the 2000 Air Force Community Needs Assessment were used to assess the significance and strength of the effects of job characteristics and social supports on mental health service utilization. In this study, mental health services included anger management, mental health, stress management and substance abuse services. Job stressors were hypothesized to increase service utilization. Social support was hypothesized to decrease service utilization and buffer the effects of job stressors. Four job stressors were used: shift work, long work hours, frequency of deployments, and length of deployments. Social support was evaluated on five levels: family support, community integration, co- worker support, supervisor support, and support by superiors. Family support was measured in terms of being accompanied by family members and family instability (conflict and doubt). Co-worker support was measured in terms of co- worker conflict. Logistical regression was used in analyzing the predictive strength of job stressors and social supports on mental health service utilization. No main effects were found for job stressors. For social support, significant predictors of service utilization were family instability (OR = 1.293), co-worker conflict (OR = 0.975), community integration (OR = 1.208) and supervisor support (OR = 0.813). High family instability and high co-worker conflict emerged as the strongest risk factors for using mental health services. Additional analysis using ordinary least squares regression showed job stressors to have small direct effects on social support and marginal indirect effects on mental health service utilization. Additional risk factors included being female, being enlisted, and being first-term personnel.