Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of stress time of program operation on the endurance performance

In this paper, for the first time, we have studied the effect of various pulse program conditions on the endurance performance of resistive random access memory (RRAM), based on a novel pulse measurement method. When the width of program or SET pulse increases while the pulse height remains constant, the resistance of the low resistance state (LRS) decreases first and then increases. Similarly, when a measurement is carried out by a DC sweeping method, an identical trend can be found. Under different DC program conditions, as the compliance current is reached, the current that flows through the device always maintains at the value of the compliance current, and the stress time is just controlled by changing stop voltage (Vstop) in DC sweeping. By revealing the relationship between the LRS resistance and the stress time of pulse or DC operation, we found that the endurance performance of the bipolar valence change mechanism (VCM) device can be improved by selecting the appropriate pulse width.
Optimization of Logic Programs with Dynamic Scheduling

Dynamic scheduling increases the expressive power of logic programming languages, but also introduces some overhead. In this paper we present two classes of program transformations designed to reduce this additional overhead, while preserving the operational semantics of the original programs, modulo ordering of literals woken at the same time. The first class of transformations simplifies the delay conditions while the second class moves delayed literals later in the rule body. Application of the program transformations can be automated using information provided by compile-time analysis. We provide experimental results obtained from an implementation of the proposed techniques using the CIAO prototype compiler. Our results show that the techniques can lead to substantial performance improvement.
Cognitive training-induced short-term functional and long-term structural plastic change is related to gains in global cognition in healthy older adults: a pilot study

Computerized cognitive training (CCT) is a safe and inexpensive intervention to enhance cognitive performance in the elderly. However, the neural underpinning of CCT-induced effects and the timecourse by which such neural changes occur are unknown. Here, we report on results from a pilot study of healthy older adults who underwent three 1-h weekly sessions of either multidomain CCT program (n = 7) or an active control intervention (n = 5) over 12 weeks. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and cognitive assessments were performed at baseline and after 9 and 36 h of training. Voxel-based structural analysis revealed a significant Group × Time interaction in the right post-central gyrus indicating increased gray matter density in the CCT group compared to active control at both follow-ups. Across the entire sample, there were significant positive correlations between changes in the post-central gyrus and change in global cognition after 36 h of training. A post-hoc vertex-based analysis found a significant between-group difference in rate of thickness change between baseline and post-training in the left fusiform gyrus, as well as a large cluster in the right parietal lobe covering the supramarginal and post-central gyri. Resting-state functional connectivity between the posterior cingulate and the superior frontal gyrus, and between the right hippocampus and the superior temporal gyrus significantly differed between the two groups after 9 h of training and correlated with cognitive change post-training. No significant interactions were found for any of the spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging data. Though preliminary, our results suggest that functional change may precede structural and cognitive change, and that about one-half of the structural change occurs within the first 9 h of training. Future studies are required to determine the role of these brain changes in the mechanisms underlying CCT-induced cognitive effects.
Engaging End Users in Green Building Design Software

Green building design is a socio-technical process, so it is important to engage end users (e.g. building occupants) in requirements gathering. Given that a majority of software tools used in designing green buildings are aimed at engineers, we must determine the most effective way of communicating information about energy use requirements to end users, who are typically unfamiliar with energy analysis techniques. The green building design community is at an early stage in considering how to include end users in the design process. Research has not yet determined how best to present environmental impact information to end users in order to engage them in the process. Research in green building design can benefit from the lessons learned from Requirements Engineering in the software community. This paper outlines an intended research methodology and a literature review. The research will involve an exploratory case study of a Toronto-based green home renovation company that focuses on a holistic building approach. By following clients through their renovation projects, we hope to explore two research questions: why homeowners renovate their homes, and how the industry currently presents information to end users about green home renovation and green home requirements.
Leukemogenic rearrangements at the mixed lineage leukemia gene (MLL)—multiple rather than a single mechanism

Despite manifold efforts to achieve reduced-intensity and -toxicity regimens, secondary leukemia has remained the most severe side effect of chemotherapeutic cancer treatment. Rearrangements involving a short telomeric <1 kb region of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene are the most frequently observed molecular changes in secondary as well as infant acute leukemia. Due to the mode-of-action of epipodophyllotoxins and anthracyclines, which have widely been used in cancer therapy, and support from in vitro experiments, cleavage of this MLL breakpoint cluster hotspot by poisoned topoisomerase II was proposed to trigger the molecular events leading to malignant transformation. Later on, clinical patient data and cell-based studies addressing a wider spectrum of stimuli identified cellular stress signaling pathways, which create secondary DNA structures, provide chromatin accessibility, and activate nucleases other than topoisomerase II at the MLL. The MLL destabilizing signaling pathways under discussion, namely early apoptotic DNA fragmentation, transcription stalling, and replication stalling, may all act in concert upon infection-, transplantation-, or therapy-induced cell cycle entry of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), to permit misguided cleavage and error-prone DNA repair in the cell-of-leukemia-origin.
LES of the trailing-edge flow and noise of a NACA 6512-63 airfoil at zero angle of attack

Large-eddy simulations (LES) of flow over a low-speed highly cambered airfoil at small negative incidence is performed using two different flow solvers, CFX and Fluent, on a similar multi-block structured mesh. They mimic recent aeroacoustic experiments performed in the small anechoic wind tunnel at the University of Siegen. Focus has been put on the experiments where the airfoil was tripped to remove the extraneous TollmienSchlichting noise source. Two different tripping models have been simulated, where the actual serrated device is found to trigger the transition correctly as in the experiment. The LES and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) k − ω SST simulations are also compared with detailed velocity measurements made by a 3-D hot-wire in the wake. The LES predicts the wake thickness and deficit much better than the RANS and is the only one to yield the flow separation at the trailing edge. The acoustic predictions from two formulations of Lighthill’s acoustic analogy compare favorably with the anechoic wind tunnel measurements at low and mid-frequencies. The formulation by Ffowcs Williams & Hall (1970) shows better agreement with the tripped boundary layer experiments, whereas Curle’s (1955) analogy predicts the untripped airfoil sound radiation better.
Expression of the E.coli hemolysin secretion gene hlyB involves transcript anti-termination within the hly operon.

The genes hly A and hly B dictating synthesis and secretion of hemolytic toxin by Escherichia coli are transcribed as part of an operon hly C, hly A, hly B but are separated by an inverted repeat and poly-T sequence characteristic of a rho-independent terminator. The hly A-hly B intergenic sequence caused a reduction of in vivo transcriptional read-through from the gal promotor into gal K when inserted in the pKG1900 terminator-probe vector and also in vitro 3' to the bacteriophage T7 luminal diameter 10 promotor. Hybridisation of mRNA generated by the hly determinant of recombinant DNA pBR202-312 to an antisense RNA probe spanning the hly intergenic sequence revealed specific termination of 80% of in vivo hly transcripts within the poly-T sequence, immediately preceding the hly B translation start. Extension of the hly determinant with 3.5kbp of hly promotor-proximal DNA sequence raised intracellular and cell-free hemolytic activity 3-fold and 20-fold respectively and increased markedly the secretion of the 107Kd hemolysin protein (HlyA). Parallel hybridisation of in vivo mRNA to hly A and hly B antisense probes revealed that levels of hly A and hly B mRNA were increased by approximately 3-fold and 90-fold. The dramatically enhanced level of hly B mRNA resulted primarily from specific suppression of transcription termination at the intergenic rho-independent terminator from 80% to 1%, thus allowing virtually all hly A transcripts to elongate into hly B.
Protocol-Stack Based Sensor Network Design and Realization

This paper presents our latest research in the field of microsatellite sensor network design. In the experiment we've designed the overall structure of system including module layout and circuit design, node application software platform by utilizing system-on-chip CC2530 chip as the hardware development platform. The system uses network communication protocol-stack to set up the system. The system test has yielded good results, showing high receiver sensitivity, ideal communication distance, low latency network communication, high data transmission efficiency and strong network robustness.
Promotive Effects of Yokukansan, a Traditional Japanese Medicine, on Proliferation and Differentiation of Cultured Mouse Cortical Oligodendrocytes

Effects of yokukansan, a traditional Japanese medicine, on proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocytes were examined using purified mouse cortical oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). OPCs were cultured for four days, and proliferation was evaluated by counting A2B5 (a specific antibody to OPC)-reactive cells on the second day of cell culture. Differentiation from OPC to oligodendrocyte was evaluated by counting O4 (a specific antibody to detect differentiated cells in various stages)-reactive cells on the fourth day of culture. The effects of yokukansan (final concentration: 100 or 200 μg/ml) on proliferation and differentiation were examined by adding it to the medium for four days. Yokukansan increased not only the number of A2B5-positive cells on the second day but also the number of O4-positive cells on the fourth day compared to those in the corresponding controls. A WST-8 assay was used to identify active components from seven components of Uncaria Hook (UH), one of the constituent galenicals of yokukansan. Geissoschizine methyl ether (GM: 0.1 - 3.0 μM) was identified by this screening assay and increased the number of A2B5-positive cells on the second day and O4-positive cells on the fourth day as yokukansan did. These results suggest that yokukansan promotes the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocytes, and also that GM contained in UH is one of active components responsible for this effect of yokukansan.
Privacy in dynamic social networks

Anonymization of social networks before they are published or shared has become an important research question. Recent work on anonymizing social networks has looked at privacy preserving techniques for publishing a single instance of the network. However, social networks evolve and a single instance is inadequate for analyzing the evolution of the social network or for performing any longitudinal data analysis. We study the problem of repeatedly publishing social network data as the network evolves, while preserving privacy of users. Publishing multiple instances of the same network independently has privacy risks, since stitching the information together may allow an adversary to identify users in the networks. We propose methods to anonymize a dynamic network such that the privacy of users is preserved when new nodes and edges are added to the published network. These methods make use of link prediction algorithms to model the evolution of the social network. Using this predicted graph to perform group-based anonymization, the loss in privacy caused by new edges can be reduced. We evaluate the privacy loss on publishing multiple social network instances using our methods.
Cell proliferation during morphogenetic change; analysis of frontonasal morphogenesis in the chick embryo employing DNA labeling indices.

SUMMARY The role of cell proliferation was analyzed in the chick embryo system employing DNA labeling indices during the invagination of the olfactory placode and the development of the lateral and medial nasal processes. Chick embryos were labeled for 1 h with [ 3 H]thymidine and processed histologically and autoradiographically. The percentage of labeled mesenchymal cells in delineated areas within and adjacent to the nasal processes was determined. From analysis of labeling indices of each area at successive developmental stages, it was concluded that cell proliferation of mesenchyme, as measured by DNA labeling indices, did not appear to increase during the formation of the nasal processes, and that cell proliferation actually declined during the later stages of nasal process formation. Differences were also found between the labeling indices of the mesenchyme of the nasal processes as compared to that of adjacent areas. These differences tended to become greater as development progressed. In all of the areas studied, cell proliferation declined during the Jater stages of development but the magnitude of the decline was greater in the areas adjacent to the nasal processes. Differential rates of decline, rather than acceleration of cell proliferation, therefore, appears to be operative as a morphogenetic mechanism during early primary palate formation.
Monitoring Animal Behavior in the Smart Vivarium

In the course of modern medical research, it is common for a research facility to house thousands of caged mice, rats, rabbits, and other mammals in rooms known as vivaria. In any experiment involving a group of animals it is necessary to perform environmental and physiological monitoring to determine the effects of the procedure and the health of the animals involved. Such monitoring is currently performed by human observers, and for practical reasons, only a small subset of cages can be inspected for limited amounts of time. This short paper outlines the computer vision and machine learning technology behind the Smart Vivarium, a system for automated, continuous animal behavior monitoring. The Smart Vivarium will serve as an invaluable tool for medical researchers as it will make better use of fewer animals. Early discovery of sick animals will prevent diseases from spreading, and in general will lead to more efficient caretaking of animals. Additionally, the proposed technology can serve as a powerful tool for monitoring sentinel cages in potential bioterrorism targets and chemical agent research facilities.
Hierarchically Categorized Performance Evaluation Criteria for Intelligent Surveillance System

In urban transit station, the use of analog CCTV surveillance system has increased to detect and prevent crimes, terrors, suicides, fires and so on. But these systems have problems that system operators have to monitor consistently the scenes in transit station and they cannot quickly cope with crimes, terrors, and fires. So, it is necessary to adopt intelligent surveillance system, which may play an important role in for these problems. This system automatically analyzes image sequences acquired from various cameras and recognizes context/environment, so they can cope with crimes and terrors in real-time. It is therefore very important to develop this system and necessary to establish performance evaluation criteria to evaluate the system and improve the performance of the system. Many evaluation criteria have been presented in previous research but they are not classified properly according to the purpose of evaluation. We categorize these criteria hierarchically to help making a decision to select proper metrics according to specific application domain, such that intelligent surveillance system in urban transit station. Index Terms—intelligent, surveillance, evaluation, urban, transit
Seeking Optimal Region-Of-Interest (ROI) Single-Value Summary Measures for fMRI Studies in Imaging Genetics

A data-driven hypothesis-free genome-wide association (GWA) approach in imaging genetics studies allows screening the entire genome to discover novel genes that modulate brain structure, chemistry, and function. However, a whole brain voxel-wise analysis approach in such genome-wide based imaging genetic studies can be computationally intense and also likely has low statistical power since a stringent multiple comparisons correction is needed for searching over the entire genome and brain. In imaging genetics with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) phenotypes, since many experimental paradigms activate focal regions that can be pre-specified based on a priori knowledge, reducing the voxel-wise search to single-value summary measures within a priori ROIs could prove efficient and promising. The goal of this investigation is to evaluate the sensitivity and reliability of different single-value ROI summary measures and provide guidance in future work. Four different fMRI databases were tested and comparisons across different groups (patients with schizophrenia, their siblings, vs. normal control subjects; across genotype groups) were conducted. Our results show that four of these measures, particularly those that represent values from the top most-activated voxels within an ROI are more powerful at reliably detecting group differences and generating greater effect sizes than the others.
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1431 Real-time data stream clustering over sliding windows

Badiozamany, S. 2016. Real-time data stream clustering over sliding windows. Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Science and Technology 1431. 33 pp. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. ISBN 978-91-554-9698-2. In many applications, e.g. urban traffic monitoring, stock trading, and industrial sensor data monitoring, clustering algorithms are applied on data streams in real-time to find current patterns. Here, sliding windows are commonly used as they capture concept drift. Real-time clustering over sliding windows is early detection of continuously evolving clusters as soon as they occur in the stream, which requires efficient maintenance of cluster memberships that change as windows slide. Data stream management systems (DSMSs) provide high-level query languages for searching and analyzing streaming data. In this thesis we extend a DSMS with a real-time data stream clustering framework called Generic 2-phase Continuous Summarization framework (G2CS). G2CS modularizes data stream clustering by taking as input clustering algorithms which are expressed in terms of a number of functions and indexing structures. G2CS supports realtime clustering by efficient window sliding mechanism and algorithm transparent indexing. A particular challenge for real-time detection of a high number of rapidly evolving clusters is efficiency of window slides for clustering algorithms where deletion of expired data is not supported, e.g. BIRCH. To that end, G2CS includes a novel window maintenance mechanism called Sliding Binary Merge (SBM). To further improve real-time sliding performance, G2CS uses generation-based multi-dimensional indexing where indexing structures suitable for the clustering algorithms can be plugged-in.
Design and Implementation of a Fault Attack Platform for Smart IC Card

Fault attack is a kind of attack that the attacker injects faults into the hardware and the secret key is likely to be revealed. The paper will describe a fault attack platform for smart card. This platform includes PC terminal serial console software, smart card interface circuits, and smart card reader fault attack circuits. Then the fault platform could communicate with the contact smart card or the smart card reader by complying with the protocol of ISO/IEC 7816. Using this fault platform, we can inject any glitches on power and clock when the smart card is running the encryption command. And then the fault attack platform can send wrong cipher text to the PC terminal console software through by serial port. We can analyze the fault data by MATLAB or software programming to crack the key of the smart card. So, the security of smart card could be verified. The glitch of voltage range could be from 0v to 5v. And the scope of clock frequency can be from 1HZ to 50 MHZ.
Optimum PID control of multi-wing attractors in a family of Lorenz-like chaotic systems

Multi-wing chaotic attractors are highly complex nonlinear dynamical systems with higher number of index-2 equilibrium points. Due to the presence of several equilibrium points, randomness of the state time series for these multi-wing chaotic systems is higher than that of the conventional double wing chaotic attractors. A real coded Genetic Algorithm (GA) based global optimization framework has been presented in this paper, to design optimum PID controllers so as to control the state trajectories of three different multi-wing Lorenz like chaotic systems viz. Lu, Rucklidge and Sprott-1 system.
"Do as I say!" : parenting and the biology of child self-regulation

The development of self-regulation is one of the major challenges of a child’s healthy development. In the current thesis, the contribution and interplay of parental and biological factors in the development of self-regulation in preschoolers are studied in a large population-based cohort, the Generation R Study. We found that attachment insecurity in infancy was related to higher levels of toddler active resistance during Clean-Up. Maternal negative discipline was related to lower levels of committed compliance in toddlers, and the association between maternal positive discipline and child committed compliance was moderated by the child’s COMT rs4680 genotype, indicating that the association was stronger in children with the Met/Met variant than for children with other COMT genotypes. Maternal family-related stress during pregnancy predicted lower levels of toddler committed compliance through lower levels of maternal positive discipline. Maternal sensitivity was associated with lower levels of executive function problems and lower levels of internalizing problems in preschool age. In children with a relatively short corpus callosum in infancy, higher levels of maternal positive discipline predicted lower levels of inhibition problems. Our studies demonstrate the role of various aspects of positive parenting and mother-child relationship quality in preschool children’s regulation of emotions and behavior.