Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An implementation of field oriented controlled SCIG for variable speed wind turbine

This paper presents a grid connected squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) driven by a back-to-back converter in variable speed wind turbine system. The back-to-back converter is composed of the machine side converter coupling to the line side connected together via DC bus capacitor. Both converters used the vector control and decoupling control in the d-, q-axis reference frame. The control objectives of the machine side converter are to optimize the energy capture from the wind and supply the excitation flux to the SCIG whereas the objectives of line side converter are to deliver the energy from the machine side to the utility grid and to regulate the DC bus voltage. The experiments in this paper are tested with a 5.5 kW SCIG coupled with a 7.5 kW wind turbine simulator. The experimental results show the high-quality control performance during dynamic and steady state conditions. Moreover for the grid side, the line current has low total harmonic distortion (THD) and a reactive power can be controlled at a unity power factor.
The self-control of emotional reactions to a stressful film.

The control of emotion—its reduction and enhancement—is a central theme m personahty and m psychopathology, but there has been relatively little empirical research on the problem One senes of experiments emanatmg from tins laboratory (e.g, Speisman, Lazarus, Mordkoff, & Davison, 1964, Lazarus & Alfert, 1964; Lazarus, Opton, Nomikos, & Rankm, 1965, Folkms, Lawson, Opton, & Lazarus, 1968) has focussed on the way emotional reactions can be mampulated by altermg the person's appraisal of a potentially stressful film event. Two features of this and related research limit somewhat the extent to which it can serve as a laboratory analogue of the control of emotion m real life. First, most existmg theory and research have been directed at the way people reduce or inhibit painful emotions or psychological stress reactions. However, there are times when the reduction of emotion may have undersirable consequences, either for the mdividual (see Janis, 1958) or for the society As to societal harms, the human capacity to achieve detachment from a disturbmg event made it easier for Germans to ignore, or to tolerate without protest, knowledge of the Nazi treatment of European Jewry durmg World War II. Opton (1971) has recently presented mterview data indicatmg that large numbers of Americans have done the same wi& respect to the My Lai massacre in Vietnam Thus, while being one of the chief means by which mdividuals cope with potentially stressful inputs, emotional detachment may sometimes lead to negative personal and social consequences
High-dose supplemental selenite to male Syrian hamsters fed hypercholesterolaemic diets alters Ldlr, Abcg8 and Npc1l1 mRNA expression and lowers plasma cholesterol concentrations

The aim of the present study was to elucidate possible cholesterol-lowering mechanism(s) of high-dose supplemental Se in the form of selenite, a known hypocholesterolaemic agent. Male Syrian hamsters (four groups, ten per group) were fed semi-purified diets for 4 weeks containing 0·1 % cholesterol and 15 % saturated fat with selenite corresponding to varying levels of Se: (1) Se 0·15 parts per million (ppm), control diet; (2) Se 0·85 ppm; (3) Se 1·7 ppm; (4) Se 3·4 ppm. Lipids were measured in the bile, faeces, liver and plasma. The mRNA expression of several known regulators of cholesterol homeostasis (ATP-binding cassette transporters g5 (Abcg5) and g8 (Abcg8), 7-hydroxylase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, LDL receptor (LdLr) and Nieman-Pick C1-like 1 protein (Npc1l1)) were measured in the liver and/or jejunum. Oxysterols including 24-(S)-hydroxycholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) were measured in the liver. Significantly lower total plasma cholesterol concentrations were observed in hamsters consuming the low (0·85 ppm) and high (3·4 ppm) Se doses. The two highest doses of Se resulted in decreased plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations and increased mRNA levels of hepatic Abcg8, Ldlr and jejunal Ldlr. Higher hepatic 27-OHC and TAG concentrations and lower levels of jejunal Npc1l1 mRNA expression were noted in the 1·7 and 3·4 ppm Se-treated hamsters. Overall, Se-induced tissue changes in mRNA expression including increased hepatic Abcg8 and Ldlr, increased jejunal Ldlr and decreased jejunal Npc1l1, provide further elucidation regarding the hypocholesterolaemic mechanisms of action of Se in the form of selenite.
Consideration on Surface Modification of Steel Dies to Reducing the Plastic Sticking in the Forming Process

Plastic parts such as syringe, phone cases, containers, etc. are formed in the mold under the molten temperature and with the high pressure. Plastic sticking to the mold surface during forming process is a serious practical problem for the manufacturing. The sticking limits mold lifetime, reduces production speed and degrades product surface quality. Mold material, surface condition, plastic chemical properties and molding parameters effect on the sticking. In this work, the effectiveness of surface treatments including mechanical polishing, plasma nitriding, hard DLC coating and TiB2 ion implantation were investigated in regards to reducing the plastic sticking on the steels – SKD61, HPM38 and PX5 surface. The surface finishing was characterized with surface roughness, hardness, friction coefficients and wettability. Adhesion strength of the steel – plastic interface for the plastic materials: polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly-butylene terephthalate (PBT) were measured with the developed method, with the concept of real surface area. It was shown that, for the different plastics, the appropriate die material and die finishing must be chosen to provide the lowest plastic sticking.
Unsupervised Concept Annotation using Latent Dirichlet Allocation and Segmental Methods

Training efficient statistical approaches for natural language understanding generally requires data with segmental semantic annotations. Unfortunately, building such resources is costly. In this paper, we propose an approach that produces annotations in an unsupervised way. The first step is an implementation of latent Dirichlet allocation that produces a set of topics with probabilities for each topic to be associated with a word in a sentence. This knowledge is then used as a bootstrap to infer a segmentation of a word sentence into topics using either integer linear optimisation or stochastic word alignment models (IBM models) to produce the final semantic annotation. The relation between automatically-derived topics and task-dependent concepts is evaluated on a spoken dialogue task with an available reference annotation.
Diabetic Neuropathies

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a common condition and diabetics are prone to develop a spectrum of neuropathic complications ranging from symmetric and diffuse to asymmetric and focal neuropathies that may be associated with significant morbidity. Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy is the most common of these complications, occurring in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as in those with prediabetes and glucose intolerance. In this review, the authors discuss the wide variety of neuropathies that can present in the context of diabetes, including the clinical manifestations, diagnostic features, and approach to management.
Normal and abnormal development of the intrapericardial arterial trunks in humans and mice.

AIMS The definitive cardiac outflow channels have three components: the intrapericardial arterial trunks; the arterial roots with valves; and the ventricular outflow tracts (OFTs). We studied the normal and abnormal development of the most distal of these, the arterial trunks, comparing findings in mice and humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Using lineage tracing and three-dimensional visualization by episcopic reconstruction and scanning electron microscopy, we studied embryonic day 9.5-12.5 mouse hearts, clarifying the development of the OFTs distal to the primordia of the arterial valves. We characterize a transient aortopulmonary (AP) foramen, located between the leading edge of a protrusion from the dorsal wall of the aortic sac and the distal margins of the two outflow cushions. The foramen is closed by fusion of the protrusion, with its cap of neural crest cells (NCCs), with the NCC-filled cushions; the resulting structure then functioning transiently as an AP septum. Only subsequent to this closure is it possible to recognize, more proximally, the previously described AP septal complex. The adjacent walls of the intrapericardial trunks are derived from the protrusion and distal parts of the outflow cushions, whereas the lateral walls are formed from intrapericardial extensions of the pharyngeal mesenchyme derived from the second heart field. CONCLUSIONS We provide, for the first time, objective evidence of the mechanisms of closure of an AP foramen that exists distally between the lumens of the developing intrapericardial arterial trunks. Our findings provide insights into the formation of AP windows and the variants of common arterial trunk.
Regional backgrounds and discrimination patterns: A preliminary perceptual study in Quebec French

This contribution focuses on the effect of geographical origin on perceptual patterns shown by naïve French-speaking listeners from two urban centers in the province of Quebec (Canada). Participants took part in an AXB discrimination task. The stimuli were naturally produced words ending with / ɛ/, the quality of which ranged from close to very open. Quebec City listeners obtained significantly higher results than Saguenay listener s and proved to be more sensitive according to a calculation of d’. We argue that this difference in the naïve listeners’ perception is linked to difference s in production, since regional variation was also found in the corpus: a group of experienced judges perceived tokens produced by Saguenay speakers as more open than tokens produced by Quebec City speakers.
ACHIEVING ULTRAFINE GRAINS IN Mg AZ31B-O ALLOY BY CRYOGENIC FRICTION STIR PROCESSING AND MACHINING

OF THESIS ACHIEVING ULTRAFINE GRAINS IN Mg AZ31B-O ALLOY BY CRYOGENIC FRICTION STIR PROCESSING AND MACHINING This thesis presents results from the application of cryogenic cooling on multiple-pass friction stir processing and the subsequent orthogonal machining on friction stir processed and as-received Mg AZ31B-O disks, and shows their combined effects on microstructure and microhardness values. A simple friction stir tool, a specially designed fixture and liquid nitrogen are used to perform multiple-pass friction stir processing experiments on Mg AZ31B-O alloy. The friction stir processed and as-received sheets are then made into disks for the orthogonal machining experiments. This study analyzes the microhardness, microstructure changes by cryogenic friction stir processing and the effect of machining conditions such as dry, MQL and cryogenic and cutting parameters on the Mg AZ31B-O alloy. Four different speeds and three different feed rates are used for the orthogonal machining experiments. The effects of stirring parameters such as the translational feed, rotational speed, cooling conditions and the machining parameters are studied. The resulting microstructure and microhardness from these processes hold a key to the mechanical properties of the alloy. This analysis would help to understand and evaluate the specific aspects of grain size and microhardness that influence the fatigue life of a component.
On the Relation of External and Internal Feature Interactions: A Case Study

Detecting feature interactions is imperative for accurately predicting performance of highly-configurable systems. State-of-the-art performance prediction techniques rely on supervised machine learning for detecting feature interactions, which, in turn, relies on time consuming performance measurements to obtain training data. By providing information about potentially interacting features, we can reduce the number of required performance measurements and make the overall performance prediction process more time efficient. We expect that the information about potentially interacting features can be obtained by statically analyzing the source code of a highly-configurable system, which is computationally cheaper than performing multiple performance measurements. To this end, we conducted a qualitative case study in which we explored the relation between control-flow feature interactions (detected through static program analysis) and performance feature interactions (detected by performance prediction techniques using performance measurements). We found that a relation exists, which can potentially be exploited to predict performance interactions.
Annotating COMPARA, a Grammar-aware Parallel Corpus

In this paper we describe the annotation of COMPARA, currently the largest post-edited parallel corpora which include Portuguese. We describe the motivation, the results so far, and the way the corpus is being annotated. We also provide the first grounded results about syntactical ambiguity in Portuguese. Finally, we discuss some interesting problems in this connection.
On the Multivariate Probit Model for Exchangeable Binary Data with Covariates

This paper considers the use of a multivariate binomial probit model for the analysis of correlated exchangeable binary data. The model can naturally accommodate both cluster and individual level covariates, while keeping a fairly flexible intracluster association structure. We discuss Bayesian estimation when a sample of independent clusters of varying sizes are available, and show how Gibbs sampling may be used to derive the posterior densities of parameters. The methodology is illustrated with two examples: the first involves epidemiological data from a study of familial disease aggregation; the second uses teratological data from a developmental toxicity application. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Role of Niobium in Magnesium Titanate Microwave Dielectric Ceramics

The effect of niobium doping on MgTiO3 ceramics was evaluated in terms of microstructure and microwave dielectric properties. Pure and doped MgTiO3 dense ceramics were produced. Doping levels of niobium were 0.5,1, and 2 at. % of Nb5+. Phase assemblages were examined by XRD and checked by EDS during microstructural observations by SEM. Microwave dielectric properties were measured at 8 GHz. Dielectric permittivity was not much affected by doping. Q decreased for the sample with the higher Nb content because of the presence of a second phase. For low Nb contents, a solid solution was formed and Q even increased. An explanation is presented based on the elimination of lattice defects.
A Molecular Link between E2F-1 and the MAPK Cascade*

Transcription factor E2F-1 mediates apoptosis and suppresses tumorigenesis. The mechanisms by which E2F-1 functions in these processes are largely unclear. We report here that E2F-1 acts as a transcriptional regulator of MKP-2 (MAPK phosphatase-2), a dual specificity protein phosphatase (DUSP4) with stringent substrate specificity for MAPKs. We show that E2F-1 is required for the cellular apoptotic response to oxidative damage. MKP-2 is greatly increased following oxidative stress, and E2F-1 is necessary for that induction. We found that E2F-1 is physically associated with the MKP-2 promoter and can transactivate the promoter of the MKP-2 gene. Specifically, E2F-1 binds to a perfect palindromic motif in the MKP-2 promoter. Finally, we show that this E2F-1/MKP-2 pathway mediates apoptosis under oxidative stress and that MKP-2 suppresses tumor formation in nude mice. Our findings demonstrate that E2F-1 is a transcriptional activator of MKP-2 and that MKP-2 is an essential cell death mediator in the E2F-1 pathway. Characterization of MKP-2 as a cell death mediator may lead to the development of new strategies for cancer treatment.
The optimum coating condition by response surface methodology for maximizing vapor-permeable water resistance and minimizing frictional sound of combat uniform fabric

The objectives of this study are to investigate how the variables of the water-repellent coating condition, concentration of polyurethane (PU) and curing temperature, set up by response surface methodology, affect vapor-permeable water resistance and fabric frictional sound. Also it aims to analyze the relationship between tensile properties and the sound pressure level (SPL) of the fabric and, finally, to suggest the optimum coating condition for minimizing the fabric frictional sound and maximizing the vapor-permeable water resistance. It was observed that the higher PU concentration increased the water resistance and SPL, but decreased WVT (water vapor transmission). It was shown that higher curing temperature, the other variable of the coating condition, increased the water resistance and SPL but decreased WVT. The relationship between tensile properties and SPL was analyzed and it was found that tensile stress at break (R2 = .716) and toughness (R2 = .717) were highly related to SPL; however, tensile strain at break (R2 = .508) was not. Finally, the optimum coating condition for minimizing fabric frictional sound and maximizing vapor-permeable water resistance was obtained at the PU concentration of 60% and the curing temperature of 149.7℃, and the predicted SPL and WVT were 72.27 dB and 8478.85 g/m2 24 h, respectively. The coefficients of determination (R2) were 0.82 and 0.85, respectively, which indicate that the model fit was highly significant (p < 0.05).
Acute upper airway obstruction due to supraglottic dystonia.

<1 5 1; and forced vital capacity <2 1). Two other patients had stable hypoxia shown on one occasion and a forced expiratory volume in one second of <1 5 1. A further two had only stable hypoxia documented on one occasion and no results from spirometry. Five patients were recommended concentrators without evidence of stable hypoxia: three had an arterial oxygen pressure >7 3 kPa and no values were documented in the two others. Six other patients were prescribed concentrators without a specific hospital assessment. Four of these six had no stable arterial gases shown. Two of the six had arterial blood gases with arterial oxygen pressure breathing air of >7 3 kPa. Only eight of the oxygen concentrators prescribed for airways disease were after recommendation by a respiratory physician. In the group without chronic obstructive airways disease indications of inappropriate use of concentrators were also found. One asthmatic patient with a significant anxiety component had a documented stable arterial oxygen pressure breathing air of 15 6 kPa and had been given an oxygen concentrator. We also conclude that oxygen concentrators are being prescribed after incomplete assessment by general practitioners and hospital physicians and that the Department of Health and Social Security guidelines are not always met. To avoid unnecessary prescriptions for oxygen concentrators we believe that full assessment should be provided by respiratory physicians before a prescription is written, although, of course, this will place pressure on already hard pressed services. Considerable financial savings, however, were found in the Flinders Medical Centre when it adopted this policy. '
White Organic Light‐Emitting Devices for Solid‐State Lighting

White organic light‐emitting devices (WOLEDs) have advanced over the last twelve years to the extent that these devices are now being considered as efficient solid‐state lighting sources. Initially, WOLEDs were targeted towards display applications for use primarily as liquid‐crystal display backlights. Now, their power efficiencies have surpassed those of incandescent sources due to improvements in device architectures, synthesis of novel materials, and the incorporation of electrophosphorescent emitters. This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of several WOLED architectures in terms of efficiency and color quality. Hindrances to their widespread acceptance as solid‐state lighting sources are also noted.
Correlates of adiposity among Latino preschool children.

BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is at record high levels in the US and disproportionately affects Latino children; however, studies examining Latino preschool children's obesity-related risk factors are sparse. This study determined correlates of Latino preschoolers' (ages 3-5 years) adiposity to inform future obesity interventions and policies. METHODS Latino preschoolers (n = 96) from 4 Head Start centers in Houston, Texas were recruited. Parents reported acculturation and neighborhood safety. Children's and parents' height and weight were measured. Children's television (TV) viewing was measured by TV diaries and physical activity by accelerometers. Linear regression was used with body mass index (BMI) z-score as the dependent variable and covariates sequentially added and retained in 4 blocks: 1) child age, gender, parent education, and BMI; 2) neighborhood safety and parent and child acculturation; 3) TV viewing; and 4) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). RESULTS In the final model (n = 96), only neighborhood disorder (β = 0.30, P = .005) and MVPA (β = -0.21, P = .049) were significantly associated with BMI z-score. CONCLUSIONS Among Latino preschoolers, higher neighborhood disorder and lower MVPA were associated with greater children's BMI z-scores.
Lecture 20: Distributed Computing and Streaming Algorithms 1.1 Byzantine Generals Problem 1.2 Rabin's Randomized Algorithm

This lecture is devoted to two independent topics on algorithms. Distributed computing deals with situations where there is no unique computing center, but there are many centers where computation happens, and these centers should compute something together. For instance, on aircraft there are many sensors of different kind that should agree on what is happening around, or there is distributed network that wants for instance to agree on time. We consider the following example from this wide area. The problem is as follows [2]: there are n processors, t of which may be faulty and all the rest are good. Each processor i keeps a bit b i ∈ {0, 1}. Every processor can send its bit to every other processor, as well as can ask other processor about its bit. Good processors always answer honestly, while faulty processors may answer arbitrarily to different requests. The problem is to give a protocol such that: • at the end all good processors agree on some bit; • if all good processors in the beginning have the same bit b, then the bit they agree on should be b. Some observations/facts: 1. If t n/3, then there is no such a protocol (consider the simplest case of three processors with one faulty processor). 2. The simple majority protocol, that is, everybody asks bits from everyone and then takes the majority, does not work (consider the situation with one faulty processor and all others divided equally on having 0 and 1). 3. There exists a deterministic polynomial time algorithm that solves the problem for t < n/3 (this is difficult). We describe a simple randomized algorithm due to Rabin [3] which assumes that there is a global random coin that when tossed, is visible to all processors. Let n = 3t + 1. The processors maintain a bit vote which is initially b i for processor i. Let N be some natural number. The algorithm for each processor is the following.