Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Burn Wound Infections

SUMMARY Burns are one of the most common and devastating forms of trauma. Patients with serious thermal injury require immediate specialized care in order to minimize morbidity and mortality. Significant thermal injuries induce a state of immunosuppression that predisposes burn patients to infectious complications. A current summary of the classifications of burn wound infections, including their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, is given. Early excision of the eschar has substantially decreased the incidence of invasive burn wound infection and secondary sepsis, but most deaths in severely burn-injured patients are still due to burn wound sepsis or complications due to inhalation injury. Burn patients are also at risk for developing sepsis secondary to pneumonia, catheter-related infections, and suppurative thrombophlebitis. The introduction of silver-impregnated devices (e.g., central lines and Foley urinary catheters) may reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections due to prolonged placement of these devices. Improved outcomes for severely burned patients have been attributed to medical advances in fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, pulmonary and burn wound care, and infection control practices.
Imaginary Killing spinors in Lorentzian geometry

We study the geometric structure of Lorentzian spin manifolds, which admit imaginary Killing spinors. The discussion is based on the cone construction and a normal form classification of skew-adjoint operators in signature (2,n−2). Derived geometries include Brinkmann spaces, Lorentzian Einstein–Sasaki spaces and certain warped product structures. Exceptional cases with decomposable holonomy of the cone are possible.
Oil Price Forecasting Using Crack Spread Futures and Oil Exchange Traded Funds

Given the emerging consensus from previous studies that crude oil and refined product (as well as crack spread) prices are cointegrated, this study examines the link between the crude oil spot and crack spread derivatives markets. Specifically, the usefulness of the two crack spread derivatives products (namely, crack spread futures and the ETF crack spread) for modeling and forecasting daily OPEC crude oil spot prices is evaluated. Based on the results of a structural break test, the sample is divided into pre-crisis, crisis, and post-crisis periods. We find a unidirectional relationship from the two crack spread derivatives markets to the crude oil spot market during the post-crisis period. In terms of forecasting performance, the forecasting models based on crack spread futures and the ETF crack spread outperform the Random Walk Model (RWM), both in-sample and out-of-sample. In addition, on average, the results suggest that information from the ETF crack spread market contributes more to the forecasting models than information from the crack spread futures market.
A Framework for School Leaders: Linking the ISLLC Standards to Practice

A Framework for School Leaders Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction to the Framework for School Leaders Chapter 2 - The Story of ISLLC Standards, byJoseph Murphy and Neil Shipman Chapter 3 - The Evolution of Leadership Chapter 4 - The Effective School Leader and the ISLLC Standards Chapter 5 - The Framework: An Overview Chapter 6 - The Framework for School Leaders Chapter 7 - Conclusion: The Challenges of Implementing the Framework Appendices: * Partial List of the Research Used in the Development of the Standards * The Profession of School Administrator: An Analysis of the Responsibilities and Knowledge Areas Important for Beginning School Administrators * The Profession of School Superintendent: An Analysis of the Responsibilities and Knowledge Areas Important for Beginning School Superintendents * Correlation of the ISLLC Standards with the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Evaluation Standards * Correlation of ISLLC Standards with the Technology Standards for School Administrators
Application of streaming media technology in the enterprise operation activities

With the development of the information processing and the transmission technology, in business activities, through making use of various information technology the enterprises improve its' core competitiveness. The quality of information transmission has a great influences on the internal communication between employees and the relationship coordination efficiency of the external organizations, the streaming media is the product brought by the development and application of the Internet, the streaming media technology can support transmission of the large data volume of video and audio files in network, which can well improve the efficiency of the flow of information in the business operation activities. From the perspective of the enterprise's internal management and external management, this article discusses the application of the streaming media technology in the operation activities of enterprises.
Regulation of Ribosomal RNA Production by RNA Polymerase I: Does Elongation Come First?

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) production represents the most active transcription in the cell. Synthesis of the large rRNA precursors (35–47S) can be achieved by up to 150 RNA polymerase I (Pol I) enzymes simultaneously transcribing each rRNA gene. In this paper, we present recent advances made in understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control elongation. Built-in Pol I elongation factors, such as Rpa34/Rpa49 in budding yeast and PAF53/CAST in humans, are instrumental to the extremely high rate of rRNA production per gene. rRNA elongation mechanisms are intrinsically linked to chromatin structure and to the higher-order organization of the rRNA genes (rDNA). Factors such as Hmo1 in yeast and UBF1 in humans are key players in rDNA chromatin structure in vivo. Finally, elongation factors known to regulate messengers RNA production by RNA polymerase II are also involved in rRNA production and work cooperatively with Rpa49 in vivo.
India and Bimstec: An Analysis of India’s Trade Performance & Prospects

Since 1991, the Government of India has been pursuing a program of structural reforms aimed at stabilizing the economy and promoting reliance on market mechanisms. Bengal Initiative for BIMSTEC (Multi Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) is one of many regional trade agreements that India has signed up to. It was formed with the idea of imparting greater economic cooperation among the member nations in the area of technology, transport and communications, energy, tourism, agriculture, fisheries and human resources development. In addition to the sectoral cooperation, BIMSTEC also wanted to strengthen cooperation in the areas of trade and investment. BIMSTEC brings the five members from the SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) and two members from the ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations). The main objective of the paper is to analyze impact of sub-regional grouping on India’s trade performance with special reference to BIMSTEC member nations, and to explore opportunities for economic cooperation between India and the other BIMSTEC countries. The paper is divided into four sections. First section gives brief description of basic framework, features, and priorities of BIMSTEC; section two presents review of specific studies conducted on BIMSTEC nations covering wide area of issues e.g., foreign collaborations, mutual / bi-lateral trade, technology, international competency, and also the nature & trend of foreign trade. In section three an attempt has been made to analyze India’s trade with other BIMSTEC countries and also to analyze the impact of BIMSTEC agreements on Indo-BIMSTEC trade performance. Section four gives concluding remarks and attempts to identify areas of improvement in Indo-BIMSTEC trade performance.
Observing Relative Motion With Three Accelerometer Triads

A gyroscope-free inertial measurement unit (GF-IMU) detects the relative motion of a body based on acceleration measurements only. It consists of multiple transducers attached at distinct locations within the body that together form an accelerometer array. In this paper, we employ only three accelerometer triads in order to completely capture the transversal and angular acceleration as well as the angular velocity. By modeling the GF-IMU as a nonlinear control system, we are able to conduct an observability analysis, which shows that this approach is capable of capturing an arbitrary spatial motion. We also show that additional triads only provide redundant information. Based on the control system formulation, we derive the models required to employ a nonlinear Kalman filter as a state observer. As the system description is of a general form they are suitable for any accelerometer array regardless of the number and placement of the transducers. Hence, the presented Kalman filter approach is applicable to all observable GF-IMU configurations. The measurements taken with a prototype on a 3-D rotation table confirm the observability analysis. The evaluations also show that the approach using three accelerometer triads achieves an estimation accuracy comparable with that of arrays employing a higher number of triads.
Does Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplementation Modulate Skeletal Muscle Remodeling through Inflammation Modulation? Possible Mechanisms of Action

Skeletal muscle protein turnover is modulated by intracellular signaling pathways involved in protein synthesis, degradation, and inflammation. The proinflammatory status of muscle cells, observed in pathological conditions such as cancer, aging, and sepsis, can directly modulate protein translation initiation and muscle proteolysis, contributing to negative protein turnover. In this context, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), especially leucine, have been described as a strong nutritional stimulus able to enhance protein translation initiation and attenuate proteolysis. Furthermore, under inflammatory conditions, BCAA can be transaminated to glutamate in order to increase glutamine synthesis, which is a substrate highly consumed by inflammatory cells such as macrophages. The present paper describes the role of inflammation on muscle remodeling and the possible metabolic and cellular effects of BCAA supplementation in the modulation of inflammatory status of skeletal muscle and the consequences on protein synthesis and degradation.
Comparing Hardware Performance of Round 3 SHA-3 Candidates using Multiple Hardware Architectures in Xilinx and Altera FPGAs

In this paper we present a comprehensive comparison of all Round 3 SHA-3 candidates and the current standard SHA-2 from the point of view of hardware performance in modern FPGAs. Each algorithm is implemented using multiple architectures based on the concepts of folding, unrolling, and pipelining. Trade-offs between speed and area are investigated, and the best architecture from the point of view of the throughput to area ratio is identified. Finally, all algorithms are ranked based on their overall performance, and the characteristic features of each algorithm important from the point of view of its implementation in hardware are identified.
To Separate or Not to Separate? Reflections about Current GIR Practice

Most geographical information retrieval (GIR) systems separate the treatment of the geographical and the non-geographical part, of- ten called “thematic”. In this paper, we provide an overview of this practice, and we advance arguments for and against. We also show some experimental results that apparently substantiate the non-separation argument. We conclude with the recommendation that this practice should receive more attention by the GIR commu- nity.
Privacy-Preserving Point-Inclusion Two-Party Computation Protocol

Privacy Preserving Computational Geometry (PPCG) is a new study field of Secure Multi-party Computation(SMC), its main contents include: Point Inclusion problem, Polygon Intersection problem, Closest Pair problem, Convex Hulls problem and so on. In this paper, we focus on the point inclusion problem. This problem is defined in two parties setting, while Alice has a secret point z, and Bob has a secret domain P. Both of them want to know whether the point is included in the domain. Researchers have proposed many protocols to deal with point inclusion problems, however most of them mainly solved the problem of the relation between point and the regular graphics, like circle, ellipse, convex polygon etc. In this paper, we propose a two-party protocol for point-arbitrary polygons inclusion problem based on the angle-rotation method, without revealing any private information, and then we give the correctness and security analysis.
Internal Audit Attributes and External Audit's Reliance on Internal Audit: Implications for Audit Fees

This study aims to examine two aspects of internal audit quality, namely internal audit competency and internal audit contribution to financial statement audits. Consistent with the substitution view, this study predicts a negative relationship between the competency aspects of internal audit (the tenure of the existence of internal audit in the organization, internal audit staff expertise in IT and computer skills, training hours, internal audit staff professional certifications in accounting and auditing, and internal audit staff experience in auditing) and audit fees. Second, this study tests whether the contribution of internal auditors to financial statement audit reduces audit fees. The data analysis is based on a cross-sectional regression model with observations of 73 public-listed firms in Malaysia, which include publicly available data matched with survey responses from their internal and external auditors. The results of the study suggest that the competency of internal audit, namely the tenure of the existence of internal audit in the organization, training, internal audit staff prior experience in auditing and accounting, and certifications are associated with lower audit fees. Our findings for both aspects of internal audit quality (competency and internal audit contribution) lend support to the substitution view for explaining the links between internal audit quality and audit fees.
Comparative study of measured and predicted vo2max during a multi-stage fitness test with junior soccer players

The multi-stage 20-m shuttle run test (MSRT) is one of the most popular field tests using equations based on test results or the final speed for an indirect estimation of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The aim of this study was to compare the real VO2max value to the predicted value of VO2max by MSRT and rate the usefulness of the MSRT as a predictor of VO2max in young football players. Fifteen young football players, nominees for the 2004/2005 national Under-18 team, were included in this study. The subjects were 17.9±. 2 years old, had an average height of 178.8±7 cm and an average weight of 71.8±7.5 kg. The players came from different Slovenian junior premier football league clubs and trained on average 4 to 5 times per week. Testing was conducted on all subjects over two days, between 9 a.m. and 2 p.m. , on synthetic turf. A mobile device for the measurement of O2 and CO2 in expired air and ventilation during MSRT was used. On the basis of the test result (the number of levels and repetitions between them) VO2max was calculated. The correlation between the measured and predicted VO2max was determined with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The comparison of both mean values showed that the measured value was significantly higher (p<.05), by as much as 8.5 ml O2 kg -1 •min -1 , than the MSRT-predicted VO2max. Variables were statistically correlated, but the correlation coefficient amounted to only . 58. This study has shown that an indirect evaluation of aerobic capacity based on the multi-stage 20 m shuttle run test can lead to wrong conclusions in young soccer players. The correlation observed between the measured and predicted VO2max was too weak to predict the aerobic capacity of young football players with certainty.
Data condensed synthesis regarding kinesiotherapeutic procedures used in spasticity therapy

Abstract Spasticity represents an important feature of the upper motoneuron syndrome (UMNS). The clinical signs, such as the abnormal movement models, the unwanted muscular co-contractions, the muscular and joint rigidity with a consecutive deformity can be signs of spasticity and, also of upper motoneuron lesion. The different therapeutic options applied in the management of spasticity are a basic component of UMNS treatment scheme. This article presents the main kinesiotherapeutic procedures used in spasticity therapy.
Strategic adaptations to environments inside China

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine a series of environmental factors and industrial conditions governing the construction industry in China. The outcome of this part of the analysis sheds light on the development of appropriate competitive strategies and important resources and competencies (IRCs) to establish long‐term competitive advantages.Design/methodology/approach – The overarching conceptual framework consists of both external and internal analyses. Since, the scope of work is very broad, the materials presented in this paper is limited to external analysis of environmental factors. The study is primarily derived from a literature review and synthesis of data gathered from various public sources. Certain parts of the analysis utilize frameworks developed by other researchers and selective statistical methods.Findings – Some environmental factors, such as government intervention and legal and regulatory systems require the development of Guanxi (relationships) to cope with. Other fact.
Towards Cost-efficient Sampling Methods

The sampling method has been paid much attention in the field of complex network in general and statistical physics in particular. This paper presents two new sampling methods based on the perspective that a small part of vertices with high node degree can possess the most structure information of a network. The two proposed sampling methods are efficient in sampling the nodes with high degree. The first new sampling method is improved on the basis of the stratified random sampling method and selects the high degree nodes with higher probability by classifying the nodes according to their degree distribution. The second sampling method improves the existing snowball sampling method so that it enables to sample the targeted nodes selectively in every sampling step. Besides, the two proposed sampling methods not only sample the nodes but also pick the edges directly connected to these nodes. In order to demonstrate the two methods' availability and accuracy, we compare them with the existing sampling methods in three commonly used simulation networks that are scale-free network, random network, small-world network, and two real networks. The experimental results show that the two proposed sampling methods perform much better than the compared existing sampling methods in terms of sampling cost and obtaining the true network structural characteristics.
How to recognize and remove qualitative errors in time-of-flight laser range measurements

This article presents results concerning recognition and classification of the qualitative-type range measurement errors in a time-of-flight principle based 2D laser scanner used on mobile robots for navigation. The main source of the qualitative uncertainty are the mixed measurements. This effect has been investigated experimentally and explained by analyzing the physical phenomena underlying the sensor operation. A local grid map has been used to remove the erroneous range measurements. A novel fuzzy-set-based algorithm has been employed to update evidence in the grid. The results of tests show that this algorithm is superior to the common Bayesian approach, when qualitative errors in range measurements are present.
Model-Based Debugging

Software Debugging is still one of the most challenging and time consuming aspects of software development. Monitoring the software behavior and finding the causes of this behavior are located at the center of debugging process. Although many tools and techniques have been introduced to support developers in this part, we still have a long way from the ideal point. In this paper, we first give a detailed explanation of the main issues in this domain and why the available techniques and tools have been incapable of solving these issues completely. Then we explain how employing models can be helpful in solving stated problems. Finally, a detailed sketch of our approach based on using runtime models of executing software is described.
Fiscal and Monetary Policies in a Transactions�?Based Endogenous Growth Model with Imperfect Competition

type="main"> This paper's model is capable of explaining the empirical evidence on the mixed growth-rate effects of fiscal and monetary policies and a nonlinear inflation–growth relation. When monopoly power in the product market is strong/weak, an increase in the money growth rate or the income tax rate promotes/reduces the output growth rate through lowering/raising the equilibrium gross markup and increasing/reducing the net rate of return on capital. The fact that money can generate a positive growth rate effect allows for the appearance of a nonlinear inflation–growth relation. Such a nonlinear relation cannot be caused by changes in the income tax rate.
Identification of a transcriptional regulator that controls intracellular gene expression in Salmonella Typhi

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), the aetiological agent of typhoid fever, is an exclusively human pathogen. Little is known about specific factors that may confer to this bacterium its unique pathogenic features. One of these determinants is CdtB, a homologue of the active subunit of the cytolethal distending toxin, which causes DNA damage leading to cell cycle arrest and distension of intoxicated cells. A unique property of S. Typhi CdtB is that it is only synthesized when this bacterium is within an intracellular compartment. Through a genetic screen, we have identified a transcriptional regulatory protein that controls the intracellular expression of cdtB. This regulator, which we have named IgeR, is a member of the DeoR family of transcriptional regulatory proteins and is highly conserved in all S. enterica serovars. IgeR directly binds the cdtB promoter and represses its expression in the extracellular environment. Microarray analysis identified additional IgeR‐regulated genes that are involved in virulence. Constitutive expression of igeR resulted in the reduction of intracellular expression of cdtB by S. Typhi and in significant impairment of the virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) in mice. We propose that IgeR may co‐ordinate gene expression during Salmonella's transition from an extracellular to an intracellular environment.
RAU allocation for secondary users in cognitive WLAN over Fiber system: A HMM approach

Large-scale multi-AP WLANs with a high density of users and access points (APs) have emerged widely in various hotspots, where intra-cell interference is detrimental to the performance of WLANs. In order to mitigate the interference, a new system called cognitive WLAN over Fiber is presented in recent years. In this paper, based on Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM) detector's spectrum detection for Primary Users (PUs), we model the RAU allocation problem for CWLANoF not only to maximize the overall system capacity, but also to guarantee PUs' transmission. In order to cope with this problem, RAU allocation based on Antenna Allocation for Maximizing System Capacity (RAMSC) algorithm is proposed with low computation complexity, using local search. Finally, extensive simulation results illustrate that the proposed RAMSC algorithm significantly enhances the overall system capacity and guarantees the transmission of PUs in density CWLANoF systems.