Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Involvement of carboxyl groups in chloride transport and reversible DIDS binding to band 3 protein in human erythrocytes

Noncovalent DIDS binding to Band 3 (AE1) protein in human erythrocyte membranes, modified by non-penetrating, water soluble 1-ethyl-3-(4-azonia-4,4-dimethylpentyl)-carbodiimide iodide (EAC), was studied at 0°C in the presence of 165 mM KCl. Under experimental conditions applied up to (48 ± 5) % of irreversible chloride self-exchange inhibition was observed. The apparent dissociation constant, KD, for “DIDS-Band 3” complex, determined from the chloride transport experiments, was (34 ± 3) nM and (80 ± 12) nM for control and EAC-treated resealed ghosts, respectively. The inhibition constant, Ki, for DIDS was (35 ± 6) nM and (60 ± 8) nM in control and EAC-treated ghosts, respectively. The reduced affinity for DIDS reversible binding was not a result of negative cooperativity of DIDS binding sites of Band 3 oligomer since Hill’s coefficients were indistinguishable from 1 (within the limit error) both for control and EAC-treated ghosts. By using tritium-labeled DIDS, 4,4’-diisothiocyanato-2,2’-stilbenedisulfonate ([3H]DIDS), the association rate constant, k+1 (M−1s−1), was measured. The mean values of (4.3 ± 0.7) × 105 M−1s−1 for control and (2.7 ± 0.7) × 105 M−1s−1 for EAC-treated ghosts were obtained. The mean values for KD, evaluated from [3H]DIDS binding measurements, were (37 ± 9) nM and (90 ± 21) nM for control and EAC-modified ghosts, respectively. The results demonstrate that EAC modification of AE1 reduces about 2-fold the affinity of AE1 for DIDS. It is suggested that half of the subunits are modified near the transport site by EAC.
Characterization of the Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody Response in Nonobese Diabetic Mice1

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder characterized by destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells by T lymphocytes. In nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a role has been hypothesized for dietary gluten proteins in the onset of diabetes, and because gluten dependence is the major feature of celiac disease, together with production of Abs to the autoantigen tissue transglutaminase (tTG), we looked for the presence of anti-tTG Abs in the serum of NOD mice and, to establish their origin, analyzed the Ab repertoire of NOD mice using phage display Ab libraries. We found significant levels of serum anti-tTG Abs and were able to isolate single-chain Ab fragments to mouse tTG mainly from the Ab libraries made from intestinal lymphocytes and to a lesser extent from splenocytes. Data from NOD mice on a gluten-free diet suggest that the anti-tTG response is not gluten-dependent. The intestinal Ab response to tTG is a feature of NOD mice, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure.
Study on a 3D Clustering Algorithm

A new algorithm of 3D spatial clustering based on mathematical morphology is presented, which realizes cluster of spatial objects through closing. It can not only complete 3D spatial cluster at a time, but also handle cluster in-convex and complicated objects rapidly. The algorithm is applied to the development of the artillery position selection system, and experiment results show it is feasible
Admission Control for IP Quality of Service

This paper introduces different types of admission control for IP Quality of Service. Three different approaches for admission control are introduced: measurement-based admission control, endpoint admission control, and policy-based admission control. The benefits of each approach are discussed relative to quality of service in an IP network. Some potential applications are also discussed. An example protocol used for RSVP-based admission control is then described. This protocol demonstrates a mapping from the internet level to an IEEE 802-style LAN.
Mining Software Repositories - A Comparative Analysis

Despite of many Mining Software Repositories (MSR) tools in use, it is a relatively new research domain, which forms the basis of classifying various tools and comparing them. In this paper we present a comparative analysis of different tools for MSR, based on some existing and new criteria proposed in this paper. This will assist in determining an appropriate tool that performs the best for a given type of application and to use it directly, instead of relying on the usual trial-and-error approach. This work has several purposes; it acts as a formative evaluation mechanism for tool designers (by quickly understanding and comparing different tools), as an assessment tool for potential tool users (by simply going through the comparative analysis chart to know at a glance, the essential components needed to be incorporated into the intended tool) and as a comparative milestone so that MSR tool researchers can easily differentiate amongst a pool of tools, thereby identifying other new research avenues. The tabular presentation furthers the work by providing a quick index to the reader and a means for quick analysis of the desired tool. Key word: Mining, Software, Repositories
Analytic Comparison of Audio Feature Sets using Self-Organising Maps

A wealth of different feature sets for analysing music has been proposed and employed in several different Music Infor- mation Retrieval applications. In many cases, the feature sets are compared with each other based on benchmarks in supervised machine learning, such as automatic genre classification. While this approach makes features comparable for specific tasks, it doesn't reveal much detail on the specific musical characteristics captured by the single feature sets. In this paper, we thus perform an analytic comparison of several different audio feature sets by means of Self-Organising Maps. They perform a projection from a high dimensional input space (the audio features) to a lower dimensional output space, often a two-dimensional map, while preserving the topological order of the input space. Comparing the stability of this projection allows to draw conclusions on the specific properties of the single feature sets.
MiST: a microbial signal transduction database

Signal transduction pathways control most cellular activities in living cells ranging from regulation of gene expression to fine-tuning enzymatic activity and controlling motile behavior in response to extracellular and intracellular signals. Because of their extreme sequence variability and extensive domain shuffling, signal transduction proteins are difficult to identify, and their current annotation in most leading databases is often incomplete or erroneous. To overcome this problem, we have developed the microbial signal transduction (MiST) database (), a comprehensive library of the signal transduction proteins from completely sequenced bacterial and archaeal genomes. By searching for domain profiles that implicate a particular protein as participating in signal transduction, we have systematically identified 69 270 two- and one-component proteins in 365 bacterial and archaeal genomes. We have designed a user-friendly website to access and browse the predicted signal transduction proteins within various organisms. Further capabilities include gene/protein sequence retrieval, visualized domain architectures, interactive chromosomal views for exploring gene neighborhood, advanced querying options and cross-species comparison. Newly available, complete genomes are loaded into the database each month. MiST is the only comprehensive and up-to-date electronic catalog of the signaling machinery in microbial genomes.
Mixed-Criticality Scheduling to Minimize Makespan

In the mixed-criticality job model, each job is characterized by two execution time parameters, representing a smaller (less conservative) estimate and a larger (more conservative) estimate on its actual, unknown, execution time. Each job is further classified as being either less critical or more critical. The desired execution semantics are that all jobs should execute correctly provided all jobs complete upon being allowed to execute for up to the smaller of their execution time estimates, whereas if some jobs need to execute beyond their smaller execution time estimates (but not beyond their larger execution time estimates), then only the jobs classified as being more critical are required to execute correctly. The scheduling of collections of such mixed-criticality jobs upon identical multiprocessor platforms in order to minimize the makespan is considered here.
The detection of silent ischemia: cautions and precautions.

THERE IS NOW convincing evidence that myocardial ischemia may occur in the absence of symptoms. ' This phenomenon, which has acquired the label "silent ischemia," is receiving considerable attention as a factor with potential prognostic significance in the management of coronary artery disease. Basic to an understanding of silent ischemia, its prevalence, precipitating factors, significance as a risk factor, and response to therapy, is knowledge of the effectiveness of the technologies used to detect it. Twenty-five years of developments in the theory and practice of laboratory test interpretation have contributed to the rational use of noninvasive tests for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. The principles governing test interpretation so arduously derived over this time should be, but perhaps are not being, applied to the detection of myocardial ischemia as an entity unto itself. Since the implications for management inherent in the diagnosis of ischemia may differ from those emanating from the diagnosis of coronary artery disease, tests designed to detect myocardial ischemia should be interpreted with the effectiveness of the test for that purpose in mind, and transfer of information relative to the effectiveness of the test for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease to ischemia should not be done without consideration of the appropriateness of such a transfer. The tests that are used to evaluate patients with coronary artery disease can be divided into four categories (table 1): tests that assess the electrical consequences of coronary artery disease, such as stress and ambulatory electrocardiography; tests that assess myocardial perfusion; tests that assess contractile function; and tests that assess metabolic function. These tests
BulletProof: a defect-tolerant CMP switch architecture

As silicon technologies move into the nanometer regime, transistor reliability is expected to wane as devices become subject to extreme process variation, particle-induced transient errors, and transistor wear-out. Unless these challenges are addressed, computer vendors can expect low yields and short mean-times-to-failure. In this paper, we examine the challenges of designing complex computing systems in the presence of transient and permanent faults. We select one small aspect of a typical chip multiprocessor (CMP) system to study in detail, a single CMP router switch. To start, we develop a unified model of faults, based on the time-tested bathtub curve. Using this convenient abstraction, we analyze the reliability versus area tradeoff across a wide spectrum of CMP switch designs, ranging from unprotected designs to fully protected designs with online repair and recovery capabilities. Protection is considered at multiple levels from the entire system down through arbitrary partitions of the design. To better understand the impact of these faults, we evaluate our CMP switch designs using circuit-level timing on detailed physical layouts. Our experimental results are quite illuminating. We find that designs are attainable that can tolerate a larger number of defects with less overhead than naive triple-modular redundancy, using domain-specific techniques such as end-to-end error detection, resource sparing, automatic circuit decomposition, and iterative diagnosis and reconfiguration.
International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems Distributed Approach for Coverage and Patrolling Missions with a Team of Heterogeneous Aerial Robots under Communication Constraints Regular Paper

which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Using aerial robots in area coverage applications is an emerging topic. These applications need a coverage path planning algorithm and a coordinated patrolling plan. This paper proposes a distributed approach to coordinate a team of heterogeneous UAVs cooperating efficiently in patrolling missions around irregular areas, with low communication ranges and memory storage requirements. Hence it can be used with small‐scale UAVs with limited and different capabilities. The presented system uses a modular architecture and solves the problem by dividing the area between all the robots according to their capabilities. Each aerial robot performs a decomposition based algorithm to create covering paths and a 'one‐to‐one' coordination strategy to decide the path segment to patrol. The system is decentralized and fault‐tolerant. It ensures a finite time to share information between all the robots and guarantees convergence to the desired steady state, based on the maximal minimum frequency criteria. A set of simulations with a team of quad‐rotors is used to validate the approach.
Identification of Single-Copy Orthologous Genes between Physalis and Solanum lycopersicum and Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Physalis Using Molecular Markers

The genus Physalis includes a number of commercially important edible and ornamental species. Its high nutritional value and potential medicinal properties leads to the increased commercial interest in the products of this genus worldwide. However, lack of molecular markers prevents the detailed study of genetics and phylogeny in Physalis, which limits the progress of breeding. In the present study, we compared the DNA sequences between Physalis and tomato, and attempted to analyze genetic diversity in Physalis using tomato markers. Blasting 23180 DNA sequences derived from Physalis against the International Tomato Annotation Group (ITAG) Release2.3 Predicted CDS (SL2.40) discovered 3356 single-copy orthologous genes between them. A total of 38 accessions from at least six species of Physalis were subjected to genetic diversity analysis using 97 tomato markers and 25 SSR markers derived from P. peruviana. Majority (73.2%) of tomato markers could amplify DNA fragments from at least one accession of Physalis. Diversity in Physalis at molecular level was also detected. The average Nei’s genetic distance between accessions was 0.3806 with a range of 0.2865 to 0.7091. These results indicated Physalis and tomato had similarity at both molecular marker and DNA sequence levels. Therefore, the molecular markers developed in tomato can be used in genetic study in Physalis.
A Novel Multi-Agent Planning System for Digital Interactive Storytelling

Digital Interactive Storytelling (DIS) is a relatively novel area of computer entertainment that aims at investigating interactive applications capable of generating consistent, emergent, and rich stories. To provide new solutions for DIS, we designed and are implementing and evaluating a novel multi-agent DIS framework, DIEGESIS, which includes agents' coordination and new planning and re-planning solutions. In this article, we discuss the design and implementation of DIEGESIS, explaining in detail the mechanisms of our planning algorithms, and the story execution and agent coordination algorithms, along with a planning methods evaluation and agent planning and coordination examples. We are currently in the process of creating a large DIS scenario, involving the story of Homer's Troy, with several levels that will allow us to further evaluate and expand our system.
Curvature estimation of surfaces in 3D grey-value images

In this paper we present a novel method to estimate curvature of ISO grey-level surfaces in grey-value images. Our method succeeds where isophote curvature fails. There is neither a segmentation of the surface needed nor a parametric model assumed. Our estimator works on the orientation (normal vector) field of the surface. This orientation field and a description of local structure is obtained by the gradient structure tensor. The estimated orientation field has discontinuities mod /spl pi/. It is mapped via the Knutsson mapping to a continuous representation. The principal curvatures of the surface, a coordinate invariant property, are computed in this mapped representation. An evaluation shows that our curvature estimation is robust even in the presence of noise, independent of the scale of the object and furthermore the relative error stays small.
Prenatal Psychological Prevention Trial on Postpartum Anxiety and Depression

Objective:To explore the efficacy of prenatal psychological intervention in anxiety and depression in postpartum period.Methods:A randomized controlled trial design was used in this study.A total of 800 pregnant women at 16～20 weeks gestation were selected continually from clinic.All the women were randomly divided into intervention group(n=386) or control group(n=414). The intervention consisted of six sessions(five sessions for the pregnant women+one session for the husbands). Both of the two groups attended the normal hospital education equally.All the subjects were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale(HAD) once a month prenatally,and with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS) additionally at 3 days,42 days,and 3 month postpartum.The SCID-I Chinese version 2004(Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders,Research Version) was used for clinical diagnosis.Analysis of the mental health outcomes,by intention-to-treat,was adjusted for the correlated structure of the data.Results:(1)According to the HAD score changes,in the per-protocol sets(PP sets),the intervention could relieve the anxious emotion in postpartum period.The "anxiety" item scores of HAD in intervention group dropped from 0-2-4(quartile) at 3 days postpartum to 0-2-3 at 3 months postpartum,while that in control group dropped from 0-2-4 to 0-2-3.5. During 3 months postpartum,the rate of anxiety in intervention group was significantly lower than that in control group(3.2% vs.7.8%,P=0.045). However,the intervention had no efficacy on depressive emotion according to neither HAD or EPDS. (2) In SCID-I interview,there was no significantly difference in incidence of major depressive disorder between the two groups at each time-point postpartum.Conclusion:The prenatal psychological intervention can prevent postpartum anxious emotion to some extent.How to prevent the postpartum depression needs to be studied further.
An Internet Gateway Access-Point Selection Problem forWireless Infrastructure Mesh Networks

This paper presents a study of the gateway access-point selection problem for the wireless infrastructure mesh network (WIMNET). WIMNET is a wireless mesh network composed of multiple access-points (APs) that communicate mutually using radio transmissions, and all the traffics to/from the Internet go through the limited number of gateway APs. Thus, the selection of these gateway APs often determines the whole performance of WIMNET, because heavy congestions at gateway APs and their peripheries can drastically increase the delay and the link failure due to radio interferences. In this paper, we define a cost function to minimize the total traffic in WIMNET in order to reduce congestions and present a simple algorithm. Through simulations using the newly developed WIMNET simulator, we show the effectiveness of our approach.
A Method of Target Tracking in Doppler Blind Zone Based on Multiple-Hypothesis Motion Model

Airborne early warning radar, which adopts pulse Doppler (PD) system, has good detection performance for low altitude targets, but the problem about Doppler blind zone (DBZ) can't be ignored. In the process of target tracking, the blind zone causes track termination and new initiation of track easily. Considering the problem of continuous target tracking in Doppler Blind Zone, a target tracking method based on multiple-hypothesis motion model (MHMM) is proposed. The method produces multiple possible motion models according to target state constraint set by DBZ. Once the first measurement after the reappearance of the target from DBZ falls into correlation gate formed according to any a model, the track association is successful. The simulation results show that the method is effective in continuous target tracking on the condition of DBZ, even for large DBZ range and high target maneuverability, the method can still complete track association in DBZ, which accordingly implements continuous target tracking.
What is New in the Digital Divide? Understanding Internet Use by Teenagers from Different Social Backgrounds

Abstract Purpose In recent times the relationship between social stratification and internet use has become more complex. In order to understand the new configuration of the digital divide, this paper examines the relationship between socioeconomic background and digital engagement among youths. Methodology/approach This study explores digital inequalities among Italian teenagers from a holistic perspective. It draws on primary data obtained with a triangulation of methods: a survey on a representative sample of 2,025 high school students and 56 semi-structured interviews with teenagers from different social classes. Findings The statistical models indicate that cultural capital and parents’ occupational status do not associate with broader social media use but are positively related with online information-seeking. The interpretative analysis suggests that teenagers from the upper-middle class make sense of the internet “vertically,” in affiliation with parental socialization, and are more concerned with capital enhancing activities. Instead, teenagers from less advantageous social contexts appropriate the internet “horizontally,” jointly with peers, and are mostly interested in social-networking and UGC production. Practical implications School track, along with parents’ socioeconomic status and cultural capital, influences teenagers’ internet use. Further studies could explore whether school tracking contributes to digital inequalities. Originality/value The study extends Annette Lareau’s theory of parenting styles and social reproduction, but also obtains innovative results related to digital inequalities among youth. Contrary to expectations, teenagers from less advantageous social backgrounds enrolled in vocational schools have better chances to actively participate in social media than teens from the upper-middle class in academic-oriented high schools.
TRAM: A tool for Temperature and Reliability Aware Memory Design

Memories are increasingly dominating Systems on Chip (SoC) designs and thus contribute a large percentage of the total system's power dissipation, area and reliability. In this paper, we present a tool which captures the effects of supply voltage Vdd and temperature on memory performance and their interrelationships. We propose a Temperature- and Reliability- Aware Memory Design (TRAM) approach which allows designers to examine the effects of frequency, supply voltage, power dissipation, and temperature on reliability in a mutually interrelated manner. Our experimental results indicate that thermal unaware estimation of probability of error can be off by at least two orders of magnitude and up to five orders of magnitude from the realistic, temperature-aware cases. We also observed that thermal aware Vdd selection using TRAM can reduce the total power dissipation by up to 2.5times while attaining an identical predefined limit on errors.