Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Graphical Diagram for Subspace and Sequence Identification of Time Harmonics in Symmetrical Multiphase Machines

The use of multiphase motor drives is an increasingly important strategy nowadays. These multiphase machines are usually modeled by a reference frame transformation to avoid the cross-coupling of variables. This transformation decomposes the original n-dimensional vector space into orthogonal subspaces. Mapping the voltage and current harmonics into the subspaces in distributed machines is important because it allows to identify which components are related to the torque and which ones just increase the machine losses. The sequence identification of each harmonic is also important in closed-loop current harmonic compensation to set the controllers. In addition, the harmonic mapping is interesting in multimotor systems to know how harmonics from one machine can affect the other machines in the system. In this paper, a simple graphical method for time harmonic subspace and sequence identification is proposed. This method is valid for symmetrical machines of any phase number n, it provides full subspace and sequence identification and it can be used in multimotor systems. Experimental results using a five- and a six-phase motor in single-drive configuration and a series-connected two-motor six-phase drive validate the proposed method.
Application of data envelopment analysis to measure technical efficiency on a sample of Irish dairy farms

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of technical efficiency on a sample of Irish dairy farms utilizing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and to identify key management and production factors that differ between producers indentified as efficient and inefficient. DEA was used in this study to generate technical efficiency scores under assumptions of both constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS). The average technical efficiency score was 0.785 under CRS and 0.833 under VRS. Key production characteristics of efficient and inefficient producers were compared using an analysis of variance. More technically efficient producers used less input per unit of output, had higher production per cow and per hectare and had a longer grazing season, a higher milk quality standard, were more likely to have participated in milk recording and had greater land quality compared to the inefficient producers.
4-O-methylation of glucuronic acid in Arabidopsis glucuronoxylan is catalyzed by a domain of unknown function family 579 protein

The hemicellulose 4-O-methyl glucuronoxylan is one of the principle components present in the secondary cell walls of eudicotyledonous plants. However, the biochemical mechanisms leading to the formation of this polysaccharide and the effects of modulating its structure on the physical properties of the cell wall are poorly understood. We have identified and functionally characterized an Arabidopsis glucuronoxylan methyltransferase (GXMT) that catalyzes 4-O-methylation of the glucuronic acid substituents of this polysaccharide. AtGXMT1, which was previously classified as a domain of unknown function (DUF) 579 protein, specifically transfers the methyl group from S-adenosyl-l-methionine to O-4 of α-d-glucopyranosyluronic acid residues that are linked to O-2 of the xylan backbone. Biochemical characterization of the recombinant enzyme indicates that GXMT1 is localized in the Golgi apparatus and requires Co2+ for optimal activity in vitro. Plants lacking GXMT1 synthesize glucuronoxylan in which the degree of 4-O-methylation is reduced by 75%. This result is correlated to a change in lignin monomer composition and an increase in glucuronoxylan release during hydrothermal treatment of secondary cell walls. We propose that the DUF579 proteins constitute a previously undescribed family of cation-dependent, polysaccharide-specific O-methyl-transferases. This knowledge provides new opportunities to selectively manipulate polysaccharide O-methylation and extends the portfolio of structural targets that can be modified either alone or in combination to modulate biopolymer interactions in the plant cell wall.
EFFECT OF RAISED BED AND ALTERNATE FURROW IRRIGATION METHODS ON WATER SAVING AND YIELD OF SUNFLOWER

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental site of Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. The study assessed the effect of raised bed (RBIM) and alternate furrow (AFIM) irrigation methods on water saving and yield of sunflower. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. The raised bed and alternate furrow irrigation methods were prepared manually using hand tools. Sunflower (cv. HO-1) was planted under raised bed and alternate furrow irrigation methods. Total volume of water applied under RBIM was 1359.49 m3 ha-1, while under AFIM was 679.74 m3 ha-1. Hence AFIM saved 50% of water compared to RBIM. The water application efficiency under RBIM was 30.98%, 34.21% and 37.45%, while under AFIM was 20.95%, 77.44% and 67.66% at the depths of 0-20, 21-40 and 41-60 cm, respectively. Yield of sunflower under RBIM was 2963.59 kg ha-1, while under AFIM was 2661.39 kg ha-1. Total crop water productivity under RBIM was 11.771 kg m3, while under AFIM was 21.142 kg m3. Hence AFIM may be adopted to save water and to achieve high yield of sunflower in water scarce areas of Sindh.
Designing the Dynamics of Globally Coupled Oscillators

A method for designing cluster states with prescribed stability is presented for coupled phase oscillator systems with all-to-all coupling. We determine criteria for the coupling function that ensure the existence and stability of a large variety of clustered configurations. We show that such criteria can be satisfied by choosing Fourier coefficients of the coupling function. We demonstrate that using simple trigonometric and localized coupling functions one can realize arbitrary patterns of stable clusters and that the designed systems are capable of performing finite state computation. The design principles may be relevant when engineering complex dynamical behavior of coupled systems, e.g. the emergent dynamics of artificial neural networks, coupled chemical oscillators and robotic swarms. Subject Index: 034, 044, 054, 055
Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: frequency and clinical features

Although acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are well recognised, there are no studies documenting their prevalence or identifying pre-existing risk factors. This study analysed the clinical, radiological and pathological data of 11 patients who satisfied the criteria for acute exacerbation among 147 patients with biopsy-proven idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. There were five additional patients who had similar demographics, radiology and surgical lung biopsy pathology, but had clinically less severe disease, and so were not included. The 2-yr frequency of acute exacerbation was 9.6% after the diagnosis. Most exacerbations were idiopathic, although two cases presented after surgical lung biopsy and one after bronchoalveolar lavage. No significant risk factor was found by univariate proportional hazard analysis. Imaging revealed diffuse bilateral ground-glass opacification superimposed on subpleural reticular and honeycombing densities. The biopsies of four patients taken during acute exacerbation exhibited diffuse alveolar damage superimposed upon usual interstitial pneumonia. The findings of this study demonstrate that acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is rather common and this exacerbation is likely to have a spectrum of severity.
Modulation of HIV-1 immunity by adjuvants

Purpose of reviewTo summarize the role of adjuvants in eliciting desirable antibody responses against HIV-1 with particular emphasis on both historical context and recent developments. Recent findingsIncreased understanding of the role of pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors in recruiting and directing the immune system has increased the variety of adjuvant formulations being tested in animal models and humans. Across all vaccine platforms, adjuvant formulations have been shown to enhance desirable immune responses such as higher antibody titers and increased functional activity. Although no vaccine formulation has yet succeeded in eliciting broad neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1, the ability of adjuvants to direct the immune response to immunogens suggests they will be critically important in any successful HIV-1 vaccine. SummaryThe parallel development of adjuvants along with better HIV-1 immunogens will be needed for a successful AIDS vaccine. Additional comparative testing will be required to determine the optimal adjuvant and immunogen regimen that can elicit antibody responses capable of blocking HIV-1 transmission.
Cutting Aluminium Coils with High Length Variabilities Cutting Aluminium Coils with High Length Variabilities

A case study of a cutting stock problem in an aluminium mill is presented. Orders have release dates, due dates, a total length and may be delivered in any number of coils within rather large length intervals. A variety of diierent cutting machines is available, hierarchical cuts may be necessary to produce small widths. The mill is capable of producing custom{made coils within certain bounds but there is a declared preference for standard widths. The task is to group the orders into coils which can be produced by the mill and slit by the machines. Waste should be minimized, the dates should be obeyed, the load of the machines should be balanced. In spite of the fact that column generation is not possible the problem is eeciently solved by a multi{pattern approach using linear programming.
Hard Real-Time Communication in ATM Networks

We present and evaluate a method for admission control of hard real-time tra(cid:14)c in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks, i.e., the method determines if a new connection with strict requirements on the timely delivery of messages can be admitted without violating the strict timing requirements speci(cid:12)ed for the new as well as old connections. This type of admission control is required by several multimedia and almost all real-time control applications. Our method, Response-Time Analysis (RTA), is based on traditional real-time CPU schedulability analysis. The only assumption RTA makes about the ATM-network is that the switches should be equipped with prioritized output queues, something which is true for many commercial switches. The main focus of this paper is on evaluating RTA. In the evaluation we compare RTA with Weighted Fair Queueing (WFQ) and the Calculus of Network Delays (CND). WFQ is the currently most popular method for providing performance guarantees, and CND provides an alternative analysis for prioritized queueing. The comparison shows that RTA outperforms both WFQ and CND for a set of realistic tra(cid:14)c scenarios.
The Protective Effect of Eupatilin against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Injury Involving 5-Lipoxygenase in Feline Esophageal Epithelial Cells

In this study, we focused to identify whether eupatilin (5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',6-trimethoxyflavone), an extract from Artemisia argyi folium, prevents H2O2-induced injury of cultured feline esophageal epithelial cells. Cell viability was measured by the conventional MTT reduction assay. Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the expression of 5-lipoxygenase by H2O2 treatment in the absence and presence of inhibitors. When cells were exposed to 600 µM H2O2 for 24 hours, cell viability was decreased to 40%. However, when cells were pretreated with 25~150 µM eupatilin for 12 hours, viability was significantly restored in a concentration-dependent manner. H2O2-treated cells were shown to express 5-lipoxygenase, whereas the cells pretreated with eupatilin exhibited reduction in the expression of 5-lipoxygenase. The H2O2-induced increase of 5-lipoxygenase expression was prevented by SB202190, SP600125, or NAC. We further demonstrated that the level of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) was also reduced by eupatilin, SB202190, SP600125, NAC, or nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase inhibitor) pretreatment. H2O2 induced the activation of p38MAPK and JNK, this activation was inhibited by eupatilin. These results indicate that eupatilin may reduce H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, and 5-lipoxygenase expression and LTB4 production by controlling the p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways through antioxidative action in feline esophageal epithelial cells.
A Cloud Service Broker for SLA-based SaaS provisioning

The growing adoption of cloud computing and the proliferation of Internet-enabled handheld devices are changing the services landscape. Given the abundance and the variety of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) offerings, we propose, in this paper, a framework for SaaS provisioning, which relies on brokered Service Level agreements (SLAs), between service consumers and SaaS providers. A Cloud Service Broker (CSB) helps consumers selecting the right SaaS provider that can fulfill their functional and quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. Its Selection Manager component ranks SaaS providers by matching their QoS offerings against the QoS requirements of the service consumer. Furthermore, the CSB is in charge of negotiating the SLA terms - using a multi-attributes negotiation model - with a selected SaaS provider on behalf of the service consumer, and monitoring the compliance to the SLA during its implementation.
A novel design of low power double edge-triggered flip-flop

A double edge-triggered (DET) flip-flop operates on both the rising and falling edges of a clock signal. In this paper, a novel DET flip-flop, suitable for low-power applications, is proposed, Several HSPICE simulations with different input sequences show that the proposed DET flip-flop results in significant power saving as compared to existing DET flip-flops.
Adaptive control of a quadrotor UAV transporting a cable-suspended load with unknown mass

We design an adaptive controller for a quadrotor UAV transporting a point-mass payload connected by a flexible cable modeled as serially-connected rigid links. The mass of the payload is uncertain. The objective is to transport the payload to a desired position while aligning the links along the vertical direction from an arbitrary initial condition. A fixed-gain nonlinear proportional-derivative controller is presented to achieve the desired performance for a nominal payload mass, and a retrospective cost adaptive controller is used to compensate for the payload mass uncertainty.
A Survey on Rural Broadband Wireless Access Using Cognitive Radio Technology: IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Networks

The previous and most popular broadband wireless technology i.e. WiMAX which is limited about to 10 miles, there are power and line of sight issues yet to be resolved for a broader coverage area. WiMAX deployment is therefore limited to densely populate metropolitan areas. What about rural and sparsely populated, geographically dispersed regional areas? Here is the upcoming solution for that which is implemented by IEEE . The IEEE 802.22 standard defines a system for a Wireless Regional Area Network i.e. WRAN that uses unused or white spaces within the television bands between 54 and 862 MHz, especially within rural areas . The 802.22 standard is the first standard to adopt cognitive radio spectrum sensing as a means of gaining greater use of the radio spectrum. Cognitive radios are to provide broadband wireless access (BWA) in the licensed TV bands on a secondary access basis. This concept is examined to see under what conditions BWA could be viable. Rural areas require long range communication which cognitive radios may not be able to support with enough secondary spectrum. By using cognitive radio networking techniques, it is able to sense the environment and adjust the network to accommodate any changes. In this paper we present the complete overview and broad survey of this CR based WRAN technology, how it will be fulfill the upcoming challenges and other factors and some survey based comparisons between and IEEE 802.16 WiMAX and IEEE 802.22 WRAN. Also we list some of the minor and major security issues regarding to this IEEE 802.22 standard technology.
Quiet Eye: Practical Applications in Sport and Physical Education

Visual behaviors are often overlooked in sport performance training. The literature suggests that training visual behaviors, such as the quiet eye, can result in better performance across a wide variety of motor skills. The purpose of this article is to provide specific recommendations to physical education teachers and coaches for including quiet-eye training in their practices. Studies have shown that longer quiet-eye durations are associated with improved sport performance, but the location of the quiet eye varies from sport to sport. Studies also indicate that experts, novices and children benefited from quiet-eye training, and the effects of the training applied to experimental, competitive and heightened-anxiety situations involving many sports and skills. It is recommended that physical education teachers and coaches include quiet-eye training for the acquisition and improvement of motor skills.
SAAFEC: Predicting the Effect of Single Point Mutations on Protein Folding Free Energy Using a Knowledge-Modified MM/PBSA Approach

Folding free energy is an important biophysical characteristic of proteins that reflects the overall stability of the 3D structure of macromolecules. Changes in the amino acid sequence, naturally occurring or made in vitro, may affect the stability of the corresponding protein and thus could be associated with disease. Several approaches that predict the changes of the folding free energy caused by mutations have been proposed, but there is no method that is clearly superior to the others. The optimal goal is not only to accurately predict the folding free energy changes, but also to characterize the structural changes induced by mutations and the physical nature of the predicted folding free energy changes. Here we report a new method to predict the Single Amino Acid Folding free Energy Changes (SAAFEC) based on a knowledge-modified Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann (MM/PBSA) approach. The method is comprised of two main components: a MM/PBSA component and a set of knowledge based terms delivered from a statistical study of the biophysical characteristics of proteins. The predictor utilizes a multiple linear regression model with weighted coefficients of various terms optimized against a set of experimental data. The aforementioned approach yields a correlation coefficient of 0.65 when benchmarked against 983 cases from 42 proteins in the ProTherm database. Availability: the webserver can be accessed via http://compbio.clemson. edu/SAAFEC/.
A nonstationary traffic train model for fine scale inference from coarse scale counts

The self-similarity of network traffic has been convincingly established based on detailed packet traces. This fundamental result promises the possibility of solving on-line and off-line traffic engineering problems using easily collectible coarse time-scale data, such as simple network management protocol measurements. This paper proposes a statistical model that supports predicting fine time-scale behavior of network traffic from coarse time-scale aggregate measurements. The model generalizes the commonly used fractional Gaussian noise process in two important ways: (1) it accommodates the recurring daily load patterns commonly observed on backbone links and (2) features of long range dependence and self-similarity are modeled only at fine time scales and are progressively damped as the time period increases. Using the data we collected on the Chinese Education and Research Network, we demonstrate that the proposed model fits 5-min data and generates 10-s aggregates that are similar to actual 10-s data.
LANGUAGE EFFECTS ON THE DEGREE OF VISUAL INFLUENCE IN AUDIOVISUAL SPEECH PERCEPTION

This study investigated language factors in the use of visual information in auditory-visual speech perception in Mandarin-Chinese, Thai, Japanese and English, four languages differing in the degree to which they use tone information. Adults from these language backgrounds were presented with stimuli consisting of /ba/, /da/, /ga/ spoken by tw o English and two Mandarin-Chinese speakers. A syllable identification task was used, in auditoryonly, visual-only and audiovisual (congruent and incongruent) conditions in clear and in noise. Chinese listeners used visual information in their audiovisual speech processing to the same extent as English listeners, and the magnitude of the McGurk effect was the same between Chinese and English listeners in the noisy condition. The two additional groups (Japanese and Thai) showed a stronger McGurk effect in clear condition but this might be caused by the foreign-language effect, as all four speakers were non-native for them. The hypothesis that a lower reliance on visual cues is found for tone languages is not supported by these results.
Modelling of the parametric yield in decananometer SRAM-Arrays

Abstract. In today's decananometer (90 nm, 65 nm, .), CMOS technologies variations of device parameters play an ever more important role. Due to the demand for low leakage systems, supply voltage is decreased on one hand and the transistor threshold voltage is increased on the other hand. This reduces the overdrive voltage of the transistors and leads to decreasing read and write security margins in static memories (SRAM). In addition, smaller dimensions of the devices lead to increasing variations of the device parameters, thus mismatch effects increase. It can be shown that local variations of the transistor parameters limit the functionality of circuits stronger than variations on a global scale or hard defects. We show a method to predict the yield for a large number of SRAM devices without time consuming Monte Carlo simulations in dependence of various parameters (Vdd, temperature, technology options, transistor dimensions, .). This helps the designer to predict the yield for various system options and transistor dimensions, to choose the optimal solution for a specific product.
The Implicit Aggression in Adolescents: The Priming Effect of Internet Violent Stimulus

The goals of the current study used field experiment were to investigate relations between internet violent games and the implicit aggression in adolescents with a sample of 86 middle school students. The results showed that: there is a gender difference when adolescents are affected by implicit aggressiveness that under different priming threshold levels. Compared with girls, supraliminal priming materials are easier to prime boys’ implicit aggressiveness; compared with boys, girls are more likely to be affected by subliminal priming materials. The adolescents who have high level of aggressiveness are easier to be affected by aggressive materials, and significantly increase their implicit aggressiveness in the aggressive priming condition. This result shows that the adolescents who have high aggressive level are more vulnerable to the effects of network violent stimulus and prefer to use violent ways to solve problems.
Link Prediction in Social Networks 1

With the advent of social media, everyone should be familiar with the concept of a social network. A social network is a graphical representation of your relationships to other people. A toy example is shown in Figure 1a. In this social network, each node represents a person, say yourself and several friends named A, B, C, D, and E. Each edge signifies a relationship between two people. For example, an edge could signify a friend, a family member, an acquaintance, or a colleague. In general, the nodes could store information such as age, location, and interests. Edges could be encoded with the time that they were created, the type of relationship, or the number of times an interaction has happened.