Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pain in methadone patients: Time to address undertreatment and suicide risk (ANRS-Methaville trial)

Background Pain in opioid-dependent patients is common but data measuring the course of pain (and its correlates) using validated scales in patients initiating methadone treatment are sparse. We aimed to assess pain and its interference in daily life, associated correlates, and undertreatment before and during methadone treatment. Methods This is a secondary analysis using longitudinal data of a randomized trial comparing two methadone initiation models. We assessed the effect of methadone initiation and other correlates on pain intensity and interference (using the Brief Pain Inventory) at months 0, 6 and 12 using a mixed multinomial logistic regression model. Results The study group comprised 168 patients who had data for either pain intensity or interference for at least one visit. Moderate to severe pain was reported in 12.9% of patients at M0, 5.4% at M6 and 7.3% at M12. Substantial interference with daily functioning was reported in 36.0% at M0, 14.5% at M6 and 17.1% at M12. Of the 98 visits where patients reported moderate to severe pain or substantial interference, 55.1% reported no treatment for pain relief, non-opioid analgesics were reported by 34.7%, opioid analgesics by 3.1% and both opioid and non-opioid analgesics by 7.1%. Methadone was associated with decreased pain intensity at 6 months (OR = 0.29, p = 0.04) and 12 months (OR = 0.30, p = 0.05) of follow-up and tended to be associated with substantial pain interference. Suicide risk was associated with both pain intensity and pain interference. Conclusions Methadone in opioid-dependent patients can reduce pain. However, undertreatment of pain in methadone patients remains a major clinical concern. Patients with pain are at higher risk of suicide. Adequate screening and management of pain in this population is a priority and needs to be integrated into routine comprehensive care.
Super-regenerative UWB impulse detector with synchronized quenching mechanism

This paper presents low power fully integrated super-regenerative UWB impulse detector with automatic adjustment of incoming pulses at highly sensitive region by using synchronized voltage controlled quenching mechanism. In-band and out-of-band interferences are eliminated by logic comparison and redundancy check between the outputs of multiple super-regenerators tuned within UWB spectrum. The test structure has been implemented on 0.18 mum CMOS technology, active area of 1.4 mm2. The UWB signal to in-band interferer ratio of -36 dB is achieved with sensitivity of -95 dBm at data rate of 20 Mb/s and power consumption of 5 mW at 1.5 V.
SITUATIONAL JUDGMENT TESTS: CONSTRUCTS ASSESSED AND A META‐ANALYSIS OF THEIR CRITERION‐RELATED VALIDITIES

Situational judgment tests (SJTs) are a measurement method that may be designed to assess a variety of constructs. Nevertheless, many studies fail to report the constructs measured by the situational judgment tests in the extant literature. Consequently, a construct-level focus in the situational judgment test literature is lacking, and researchers and practitioners know little about the specific constructs typically measured. Our objective was to extend the efforts of previous researchers (e.g., McDaniel, Hartman, Whetzel, & Grubb, 2007; McDaniel & Ngyuen, 2001; Schmitt & Chan, 2006) by highlighting the need for a construct focus in situational judgment test research. We identified and classified the construct domains assessed by situational judgment tests in the literature into a content-based typology. We then conducted a meta-analysis to determine the criterion-related validity of each construct domain and to test for moderators. We found that situational judgment tests most often assess leadership and interpersonal skills and those situational judgment tests measuring teamwork skills and leadership have relatively high validities for overall job performance. Although based on a small number of studies, we found evidence that (a) matching the predictor constructs with criterion facets improved criterion-related validity; and (b) video-based situational judgment tests tended to have stronger criterion-related validity than pencil-and-paper situational judgment tests, holding constructs constant. Implications for practice and research are discussed.
Distributed performance testing using statistical modeling

This article briefly presents some of our recent research in distributed continuous performance analysis. In general this work pushes substantial parts of performance analysis out of developer laboratories and onto remote, end-user machines.To do this effectively we have found it useful to recast performance analysis as a model-based experimental design and execution problem.Our experience suggests that this approach has merit, but that much future work remains to be done. We therefore discuss some of the limitations of our current efforts and describe some plans for future work.
Broadband Interference Suppression Performance of Minimum Redundancy Arrays

The broadband interference suppression performance of the minimum redundancy array (MRA) used in the linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) beamformer is studied in this paper. The ideal continuous-time, infinite-length filter instead of the realistic finite-order digital filter is assumed in the array processor. The expressions of the power spectrum of the beamformer output in different scenarios are derived to compute the mean output power. Several original properties of the performance of the MRA compared with that of the uniform linear array (ULA) are obtained by mathematical proofs and numerical studies.
Origami tubes with reconfigurable polygonal cross-sections

Thin sheets can be assembled into origami tubes to create a variety of deployable, reconfigurable and mechanistically unique three-dimensional structures. We introduce and explore origami tubes with polygonal, translational symmetric cross-sections that can reconfigure into numerous geometries. The tubular structures satisfy the mathematical definitions for flat and rigid foldability, meaning that they can fully unfold from a flattened state with deformations occurring only at the fold lines. The tubes do not need to be straight and can be constructed to follow a non-linear curved line when deployed. The cross-section and kinematics of the tubular structures can be reprogrammed by changing the direction of folding at some folds. We discuss the variety of tubular structures that can be conceived and we show limitations that govern the geometric design. We quantify the global stiffness of the origami tubes through eigenvalue and structural analyses and highlight the mechanical characteristics of these systems. The two-scale nature of this work indicates that, from a local viewpoint, the cross-sections of the polygonal tubes are reconfigurable while, from a global viewpoint, deployable tubes of desired shapes are achieved. This class of tubes has potential applications ranging from pipes and micro-robotics to deployable architecture in buildings.
Through the Party Lens: How Citizens Evaluate TV Electoral Spots

Party affiliation is considered one of the most important factors explaining voters' party choice, but also a strong intervening variable when it comes to the effectiveness of electoral advertising. The question raised in this study is to what extent party affiliation explains voters' judgments of electoral advertising, which was investigated by using data carried out during the Swedish general election campaign 2010. The results show that party affiliation still functions as a filter when voters are exposed to electoral advertising. The findings are suggested to be understood against the background of cognitive dissonance theory and selective exposure according to which people try to avoid a state of cognitive dissonance by avoiding information that conflicts with their attitudes.
Employees' Perception and Organizational Commitment: A Study on the Banking Sector in Gaza, Palestine

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the perception of the employees of the banks in Gaza, Palestine and the impact of such a perception on their commitment to these banks. Precisely, this study wanted to examine the impact of perceived job satisfaction, perceived job characteristics, perceived organizational characteristics, and role perception on three dimensions of organizational commitment namely: “affective commitment, normative commitment, and continuance commitment”. This study was a quantitative study where 200 questionnaires were distributed and only 127 were obtained and used for further analysis. The descriptive analysis results showed that in terms of employee commitment, the employees of the banks in Gaza were quite committed especially in the affective and continuous dimensions of commitment. They showed less commitment in the normative dimension. As for the employee perception, the employees of the banks in Gaza were quite satisfied especially in terms of their satisfaction towards the job. However, they were less satisfied in terms of the job characteristics. Moreover, the regression analysis results showed that perceived job satisfaction, perceived job characteristics, and perceived organizational characteristics were found to be positively and significantly correlated with affective commitment. Role perception was not found significantly correlated to affective commitment. The results also showed that only perceived job satisfaction was found to be significantly and positively correlated with continuous commitment. Other dimensions namely (perceived job characteristics, perceived organizational characteristics, and role perception) were not found significantly correlated with continuous commitment. Finally, only role perception and perceived organizational characteristics were found to have a significant positive correlation with normative commitment.
Kinematics of high-heeled gait with consideration for age and experience of wearers.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the biomechanical accommodations to high-heeled shoes varied with age and experience in wearing high-heeled shoes. A t-test analysis was undertaken of the differences between low- and high-heeled gait in angles of rotation of the knee, hip, pelvis, upper trunk, and trunk. Biomechanical accommodations in gait caused by high-heeled shoes varied between younger and older individuals and between experienced and inexperienced wearers of high-heeled shoes. Younger subjects tended to increase lordosis of the trunk at heelstrike during high-heeled gait (1.7 degrees, SD = 0.8 degrees), whereas older subjects tended to flatten the trunk (-3.7 degrees, SD = 4.7 degrees, p less than .05). Experienced wearers had much greater increases in knee flexion during stance phase of high-heeled gait (5.3 degrees, SD = 3.3 degrees) than inexperienced wearers (1.9 degrees, SD = 1.9 degrees, p less than .05). Exaggerated upper trunk rotations were found in older and inexperienced subject groups rather than younger, and experienced groups (p less than .05).
Classifications of Different Trends ( Extended Abstract )

The most famous, and simple suboptimal search algorithm is Weighted A∗ (WA∗) (Pohl 1970). Similar to A∗, WA∗ uses two data structures: OPEN and CLOSED. Initially, OPEN contains only the start state and CLOSED is empty. At every iteration, the algorithm chooses the state in OPEN that minimizes the cost function f(n) = g(n)+W ·h(n), where g(n) is the cost of the lowest cost path found so far, from the start state to n, h(n) is an admissible heuristic estimate of the cost of reaching the goal from n, and W is a parameter. It is well-known that A∗ with a consistent heuristic (and thus the f -cost is monotonically increasing) expands a state only after the lowest cost path to it was found. This is not the case for non-monotonic f -functions such as the one used by WA∗. In this case, a state n may be generated with a smaller g-value, after it has been already expanded. At this point, it can be removed from CLOSED and put back in OPEN – an action called reopening. Reopening is optional; for every closed state which is seen with a smaller g-value, a decision needs to be made whether to reopen it or not. In the case of not reopening, the newly seen state is not placed back in OPEN but remains in CLOSED. However, it is a common practice to update its g-value as well as its parent pointer. In this paper we focus on the two extreme reopening polices: always reopen (AR) and never reopen (NR).
Skill learning strengthens cortical representations of motor sequences

Motor-skill learning can be accompanied by both increases and decreases in brain activity. Increases may indicate neural recruitment, while decreases may imply that a region became unimportant or developed a more efficient representation of the skill. These overlapping mechanisms make interpreting learning-related changes of spatially averaged activity difficult. Here we show that motor-skill acquisition is associated with the emergence of highly distinguishable activity patterns for trained movement sequences, in the absence of average activity increases. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, participants produced either four trained or four untrained finger sequences. Using multivariate pattern analysis, both untrained and trained sequences could be discriminated in primary and secondary motor areas. However, trained sequences were classified more reliably, especially in the supplementary motor area. Our results indicate skill learning leads to the development of specialized neuronal circuits, which allow the execution of fast and accurate sequential movements without average increases in brain activity. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.00801. 001
PRIMORDIAL NON-GAUSSIANITY, SCALE-DEPENDENT BIAS, AND THE BISPECTRUM OF GALAXIES

The three-point correlation function of cosmological fluctuations is a sensitive probe of the physics of inflation. We calculate the bispectrum, Bg(k1, k2, k3), Fourier transform of the three-point function of density peaks (e.g., galaxies), using two different methods: the Matarrese–Lucchin–Bonometto formula and the locality of galaxy bias. The bispectrum of peaks is not only sensitive to that of the underlying matter density fluctuations, but also to the four-point function. For a physically motivated, local form of primordial non-Gaussianity in the curvature perturbation, Φ = ϕ + fNLϕ2 + gNLϕ3, where ϕ is a Gaussian field, we show that the galaxy bispectrum contains five physically distinct pieces: (1) non-linear gravitational evolution, (2) non-linear galaxy bias, (3) fNL, (4) f2NL, and (5) gNL. While (1), (2), and a part of (3) have been derived in the literature, (4) and (5) are derived in this paper for the first time. We also find that, in the high-density peak limit, (3) receives an enhancement of a factor of ∼15 relative to the previous calculation for the squeezed triangles (k1 ≈ k2 ≫ k3). Our finding suggests that the galaxy bispectrum is more sensitive to fNL than previously recognized, and is also sensitive to a new term, gNL. For a more general form of local-type non-Gaussianity, the coefficient f2NL can be interpreted as τNL, which allows us to test multi-field inflation models using the relation between the three- and four-point functions. The usual terms from Gaussian initial conditions, (1) and (2), have the smallest signals in the squeezed configurations, while the others have the largest signals; thus, we can distinguish them easily. We cannot interpret the effects of fNL on Bg(k1, k2, k3) as a scale-dependent bias, and thus replacing the linear bias in the galaxy bispectrum with the scale-dependent bias known for the power spectrum results in an incorrect prediction. As the importance of primordial non-Gaussianity relative to the non-linear gravity evolution and galaxy bias increases toward higher redshifts, galaxy surveys probing a high-redshift universe are particularly useful for probing the primordial non-Gaussianity.
Using Video Self-Analysis to Improve the “Withitness” of Student Teachers

Abstract Although video self-analysis has been used for years in teacher education, the camera has almost always focused on the preservice teacher. In this study, the researcher videotaped eight preservice teachers four times each during their student-teaching internships. One camera was focused on them while another was focused on their students. Their perspectives both before and after watching DVDs of themselves and their students' responses provided the qualitative data for this study. Findings indicate that the participants strongly believe in the effectiveness of video selfanalysis to help them notice classroom interactions and improve their “withitness. ” Specific benefits included seeing themselves from the students' perspective, reducing annoying mannerisms, improving classroom management, becoming better able to notice how well students understood, and becoming more aware of their reflection-in-action.
Dyadic distance: From the inside story to a conceptual model

The article explores how partners in intimate relationships experience and construct the meaning of dyadic distance. It challenges the common notions that closeness and distance are two poles of a continuum and that distance can be defined as the absence of closeness. Analyses are based on detailed semistructured interviews that produce a conceptual model of dyadic distance as it relates to the overall perception of the marital relationship. The conceptual model evolved from the first-order meaning (participants' primary and immediate responses) and second-order meaning (authors' inductive conceptualization based on participant accounts of their experiences) of dyadic distance in intimate relationships.
Subtopic segmentation in the lecture speech

This paper proposes a method of segmentation that segments lecture videomaterial into subtopics based on speech signals for creation of educational video contents. To represent subtopics of video segments, the text recognized by automatic speech recognition (ASR) from a lecture speech was converted into an index using independent component analysis (ICA) instead of conventional TFIDF. This research attempted a method of segmentation using dynamic programming that minimizes the sum of cosine measures between adjacent indexes. The validity of the proposed method was evaluated using sample lecture videos. Results indicated that subtopic segmentation using automatic speech recognition performed as well as that using transcription text.
Eye word processor (EWP) and peripheral controller for the ALS patient

The authors have designed an eye word processor (EWP) controlled by eye movements for victims of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Instead of unnatural side-to-side eye movement or blinking, the system employs the eye's natural focusing movements. It allows a patient to input eight letters per minute, call a nurse, or control certain appliances. It takes only five minutes to set up, and it has been praised by nursing staff.
Principles, Methods, and Instruments for the Creation, Preservation and Use of Archival Records in the Digital Environment.

This paper focuses on the need for a systematic redefinition of the archival methods and tools required for building electronic recordkeeping systems. The analysis, which has been developed for archival education in Italy, is carried out through an examination of the historical evolution of the main functions for records creation (classification and the registry system) and the evaluation of their effectiveness in the newly developed and technologically advanced records systems. Special attention is given to the risks posed by new Italian and European rules on electronic records. These rules are based on the use of digital signature as the only guarantee for a record's reliability and authencity. It is argued, however, that the digital organization of the records, even if updated and improved, cannot be efficient if it ignores the traditional functional requirements for recordkeeping.
Positioning of large organelles by a membrane‐ associated cytoskeleton in Plasmodium sporozoites

Cellular organelles are usually linked to the cytoskeleton, which often provides a scaffold for organelle function. In malaria parasites, no link between the cytoskeleton and the major organelles is known. Here we show that during fast, stop‐and‐go motion of Plasmodium sporozoites, all organelles stay largely fixed in respect to the moving parasite. Cryogenic electron tomography reveals that the nucleus, mitochondrion, apicoplast and the microtubules of Plasmodium sporozoites are linked to the parasite pellicle via long tethering proteins. These tethers originate from the inner membrane complex and are arranged in a periodic fashion following a 32 nm repeat. The tethers pass through a subpellicular structure that encompasses the entire parasite, probably as a network of membrane‐associated filaments. While the spatial organization of the large parasite organelles appears dependent on their linkage to the cortex, the specialized secretory vesicles are mostly not linked to microtubules or other cellular structures that could provide support for movement.
Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae endocarditis: a study of 48 patients.

Bartonella species have been the subject of numerous studies over the past few years, in part because of their role as etiologic agents in bacillary angiomatosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Of the 7 recognized species implicated in human disease, only Bartonella quintana and Bartonella henselae have been associated frequently with an increasing spectrum of clinical syndromes. These include cat-scratch disease, chronic bacteremia, chronic lymphadenopathy, meningoencephalitis, myelitis, granulomatous hepatitis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, bacillary angiomatosis, and bacillary peliosis hepatis (24, 32). Four Bartonella species have been recognized as causative agents of blood culture-negative endocarditis in humans (17, 47). Since the first definite case of Bartonella endocarditis was published (47), 46 cases have been reported in the international literature, mostly due to B. quintana or B. henselae, but in 1 case each due to B. elizabethae and B. vinsonii subsp berkhoffii (39), including 30 reported by our team (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19–22, 30, 36, 37, 41, 46, 46–48). A suspected 47th case was described by Spach et al (49), but no microbiologic or serologic evidence of the causative role of a Bartonella species could be obtained at the time of diagnosis. Although risk factors for Bartonella-induced bacillary angiomatosis have been established (27), such features have not been determined for Bartonella endocarditis, due to the small number of reported cases. As a reference center for the diagnosis and study of rickettsioses, we have collected data on bloodculture negative endocarditis over the past 5 years in order to estimate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii and Bartonella endocarditis. In view of the serologic cross-reactions between Chlamydia and Bartonella species (11), we also have cultivated and/or PCR tested frozen excised valves from patients originally diagnosed as having Chlamydia endocarditis on the basis of positive serology. This has enabled us to report 30 cases of Bartonella endocarditis (6, 10, 11, 30, 39, 41), eleven of which had been initially misdiagnosed as Chlamydia endocarditis (14, 31). Direct evidence of B. henselae or B. quintana infection was obtained in 5 and 8 patients respectively, by culture and/or PCR. This report compares the speciesspecific clinical, epidemiologic, and serologic features of 48 confirmed cases of B. quintana and B. henselae endocarditis (35 of which have not been previously reported) with 192 control patients with endocarditis caused by other pathogens matched by age, sex, and geographic origin.