Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Managing Networks: Propositions on What Managers Do and Why They Do It

Measuring management in networks is difficult because the allocation of managerial resources in network structures is fluid—that is, the utilization of management behaviors varies across time and space within a given program or project. As a means of focusing the network management research agenda, propositions based in contingency logic are suggested to test ideas regarding when, why, and how network managers undertake these behaviors. The propositions are intended to identify the vast inventory of network management behaviors and, most importantly, determine how the manager strategically matches behaviors with the governing context. Suggestions are also offered to help us understand how and why managerial resources are re allocated over time and space. The proposed research agenda is offered as a guide to help us determine which choices are most likely to be effective.
Analysing ‘Successor Parties': The Case of the True Finns

Whilst the ‘successor party’ (SP) has a well-established place in the literature on post-communist Eastern and Central Europe, occasional references to its West European counterpart have tended to use the term loosely and not separate it out from other varieties of new party. Focusing on the question, ‘where do parties come from? ’ – that is, the process of party origination – this article makes a case for viewing the SP as a distinct genus in the West European party hemisphere. The SP is defined as a party which is nominally and legally a new entity that takes the place of, and fills at least some of the political space vacated by, a single, defunct party of origin. The mortality of the ‘original party’ is a sine qua non. SPs emerge with a clear political inheritance. What this is and how they interpret and respond to the inheritance makes the case for their systematic study. The paper also asks, ‘where do new parties go to? ’ (how do they evolve? ). The question of party change in SPs is analysed by reference to the True Finns.
Food Security and Productivity: Impacts of Technology Adoption in Small Subsistence Farmers in Bolivia

This paper presents the impact evaluation of CRIAR program, implemented in rural areas in Bolivia. The objective of CRIAR is to increase smallholders' agricultural income and food security through productivity improvements triggered by technological adoption. In this study, we use data from a sample of 1,287 households-817 beneficiaries and 470 controls- interviewed specifically for this evaluation. The econometric approach to estimate the program's impact is an instrumental variable model. This approach addresses possible endogeneity and self-selection issues that might arise from program's implementation. The results present evidence that program participation increased agricultural productivity, household income and improved food security. Overall, this study confirms the importance of considering the role of productive programs as policy tools to address vulnerability to food insecurity.
Interval type-2 recurrent fuzzy neural system desing via stable simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm

This paper proposes a new type fuzzy neural systems, denotes IT2RFNS-A (interval type-2 recurrent fuzzy neural system with asymmetric membership function), for nonlinear systems control. To enhance the performance and approximation ability, the TSK-type consequent part is adopted for IT2RFNS-A. The gradient information of the IT2RFNS-A is not easy to obtain due to the asymmetric membership functions and interval valued sets. The corresponding stable learning is derived by simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithm which guarantees the convergence and stability of the closed-loop systems. Simulation and comparison on the control of Chua's chaotic circuit is done to show the feasibility and effectiveness of proposed method.
Real Exchange Rate, Capital Mobility and Structural Change in a Modified Kaldorian Model of Cumulative Causation

The objective of this article is to present a modified Kaldorian cumulative causation model in order to discuss the effects of changes in the rules monetary policy and in the degree of openness in the capital account over the time path of real output, nominal interest rates and inflation. Numerical simulations of the theoretical model show that monetary policy rules are relevant for long-run growth if and only if income-elasticity of imports is a function of the real exchange rate. In other words, long-run non-neutrality of monetary policy demands that a real exchange rate appreciation increases the degree of productive specialization of the economy, increasing the income elasticity of imports. Based on this framework, we argue that a monetary policy that is growth-friendly should be conducted in order to reduce the volatility of nominal interest rates and make a fast convergence of inflation rate to the long-run inflation target, fixed at a level nearest as possible of the international level. Besides that we also show that the degree of openness of capital account is not relevant for long-run growth either in the case where the degree of productive specialization of the economy is independent of real exchange rate so as in the case where specialization is a function of real exchange rate. Key-Words: Dynamic models, Growth and Exports. JEL code: E17, E52, F10 Resumo: o objetivo deste artigo e apresentar um modelo cumulative de causalidade kaldoriano a fim de discutir os efeitos de mudancas nas regras de politica monetaria e no grau de abertura da conta de capital sobre o padrao do produto real, taxas de juros nominais e inflacao. Simulacoes numericas do modelo teorico mostram que as regras de politica monetaria sao relevantes para o crescimento de longo prazo se e somente se a elasticidade-renda das importacoes e uma funcao da taxa de câmbio real. Em outras palavras, a nao-neutralidade de longo prazo da politica monetaria exige que uma apreciacao da taxa real de câmbio eleve o grau de especializacao produtiva da economia, elevando a elasticidade-renda das importacoes. Baseado neste arcabouco, argumentamos que uma politica monetaria que e amigavel ao crescimento deveria ser conduzida a fim de reduzir a volatilidade nominal das taxas de juros e fazer uma convergencia rapida da taxa de inflacao para a meta de inflacao de longo prazo, fixada o mais proximo possivel ao nivel internacional. Ademais, mostramos que o grau de abertura da conta de capital nao e relevante para o crescimento de longo prazo, seja no caso onde o grau de especializacao produtiva da economia e independente da taxa real de câmbio, seja no caso onde a especializacao e uma funcao da taxa real de câmbio Palavras-chave: modelos dinâmicos, crescimento e exportacao Codigo JEL: E17, E52, F10 Area ANPEC: Area 6 – Economia Internacional Real Exchange Rate, Capital Mobility and Structural Change in a Modified Kaldorian Model of Cumulative Causation
Case study of distrubution-unified power flow controller (D-UPFC) in the clustered PV system

This paper shows the case study of D-UPFC in the clustered PV system. D-UPFC mainly controls distribution voltage and thus, it is installed in the low-voltage distribution system connects with clustered PV system. Proposed D-UPFC topology is shown and compared with existing topology. The proposed topology can decrease the transformer capacity compared with existing topology. In the case study, voltage control and dynamic characteristic of D-UPFC are analyzed. Forward power flow, reverse power flow, and load power factor change conditions are simulated using ATP-EMTP tool.
Xpert MTB / RIF increases timely TB detection among people living with HIV and saves lives Information note

People living with HIV (PLHIV) have more than a 20-fold increased risk of TB compared to HIV-uninfected people. (1) Diagnosing TB is a particular challenge among PLHIV who are more likely to have smear-negative pulmonary TB. This results in a delay in the detection of TB and in subsequent start of treatment. As a result, HIV-related TB deaths are a significant public health problem facing HIV-prevalent settings*.
Contorted Leadership in Chinese Hierarchically Oriented Context: How Social Governance Influences Organizational Leaders

Purpose – The aim of this research is to explore the behavioral model of Chinese organizational leaders acquiring resources for the development of their organizations under the influence of hierarchically oriented social governance. Design/methodology/approach – The paper compares the differences between Western and Chinese contexts and conducts a grounded multi-case study to explore leadership behavioral model in the Chinese context. Findings – First, the Chinese social governance structure is hierarchically oriented, whereas the Western social governance structure is market oriented. Second, this unique inconformity found in the Chinese organizational leaders as contorted leadership, which refers to the inconsistency between leaders’ cognition and their behavior when acquiring resources for the development of their organizations, is defined. Third, the conflict between leaders’ cognition and behaviors is caused by the social governance mechanism within which leaders are embedded. Research limitations/im.
Analysis and Design of a Double-Output Series-Resonant DC–DC Converter

This paper presents a method for designing the ratio of the feedback weighting gains and the transformer secondary turns ratio of a double-output series-resonant dc-dc converter. The equivalent circuit models of the secondaries including the circuit parasitics are examined. The feedback line and load lines are drawn on a rectangular-coordinated output-voltage plane to check if the output specifications can be met. Three load ranges are classified. Then the ratio of the weighted feedback gains and the turns ratio of the transformer secondaries are determined. Design procedures are addressed. Satisfactory results on a double-output 180-W prototype are demonstrated and verified
Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing: an empirical analysis

Abstract The self-managed work team is an organizational structure that is much used by companies today. It is put forward as the most appropriate setting for the creation and transfer of knowledge, while protecting the source of competitive advantage. However, achieving efficiency in a work team is not without its difficulties. The literature indicates that a suitable climate minimizes these. In this study, we analyse, both theoretically and empirically, the components of that climate as well as some organizational initiatives that favour its presence. The empirical study was carried out on a sample of 363 individuals working in self-managed teams within companies, mostly multinationals, located in Spain.
Family-Friendly Organizations? Work and Family Programs in the 1990s

Benefits that enable employees to manage better their work and personal lives are an important form of compensation offered by some but by no means all organizations. Using data from the 1996 National Organizations Study, the authors test three theoretical perspectives (internal economic, external economic, and institutional pressures) on the existence of four family-friendly benefits in U.S. establishments. These theories are not opposing, and the authors find support for each: Different benefits are provided in response to different pressures. Furthermore, although most organizations had one familyfriendly benefit in 1996, these benefits have not been universally adopted.
Characterization of Natural Organic Matter in Drinking Water by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The main focus of this thesis was the use of fluorescence spectroscopy, in particular excitation emission matrices (EEMs) as a tool for characterization of natural organic matter in water samples. The extracted information could differentiate the waters according to their origin (surface or groundwater) and according to the treatment processes that had already undergone (raw or treated water). The reactivity of the chlorine was also evaluated, as maintaining residual chlorine concentrations between 0.2 and 1.0 mg/L in drinking water is a practice commonly used to ensure water quality and is a matter of human health. However, the chlorine concentration decays as the water travels through the systems due to chemical reactions between the disinfectant agent and natural organic matter (NOM) dissolved in the water. The wide diversity of compounds that constitute NOM intricate the study of these reactions and the use of advanced characterization tools, such as fluorescence spectroscopy, is essential to extract chemical information.
Unemployment Insurance and Labor Force Transitions

This paper reports preliminary estimates of an econometric simulation model capable of a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of unemployment insurance on measured and actual employment, unemployment and non-participation. The data are longitudinal comprising information on 75,000 households sampled in the Current Population Surveys of March and April 1978. The simulation model is constructed from multi- nomial logit equations characterizing individuals' labor force transitions. These equations provide estimates of the effects of UI on job loss, labor force exit, and entry into the labor force, as well as the effect of UI on unemployment duration and temporary layoffs. The results are rather inconclusive, but suggest the importance of further research on I21 and transitions in and out of the labor force.
Five-minute heart rate variability can predict obstructive angiographic coronary disease

Objective Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is evident in only half of patients referred for diagnostic angiography. Five-minute heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive marker for autonomic control of the vasculature, which this study hypothesised could risk-stratify cardiac patients and reduce unnecessary angiograms. Design A prospective observational study (the Alternative Risk Markers in Coronary Artery Disease (ARM–CAD) study). Setting Three cardiac centres in Melbourne, Australia. Patients 470 consecutive patients undergoing elective angiography (with predominantly normal cardiac rhythm), regardless of co-morbidity. Main outcome measures The presence of obstructive CAD (≥50% stenosis) on angiography. Results Patients with obstructive CAD had significantly reduced HRV, particularly in the low frequency (LF) range (median 180 vs 267 ms2 without CAD; p<0.001). There was a linear trend with the severity of CAD; median LF power (IQR) in patients with normal coronaries was 275 (612), with minor coronary irregularities 255 (400), single-vessel CAD 212 (396) and more severe disease 170 (327) ms2; p value for trend 0.003. There was a similar reduction in LF power regardless of the anatomical location of coronary stenoses. Comparing patients with LF less than 250 and 250 ms2 or greater, the adjusted OR for obstructive CAD using multivariate regression was 2.42, 95% CI 1.33 to 4.38 (p=0.004). No interactions were noted in subgroup analysis and HRV added to risk prediction irrespective of the baseline Framingham risk (p<0.0001). Conclusion Low HRV is strongly predictive of angiographic coronary disease regardless of other co-morbidities and is clinically useful as a risk predictor in patients with sinus rhythm. Clinical trial registration information http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00403351 www.armcad. com
Consensus statement of definitions for anorectal physiology and rectal cancer

'If terms be incorrect, then statements do not accord with facts; and when statements and facts do not accord, then business is not properly executed. ' Confucius 1 As surgeons work to improve the quality of patient care it is important that data and results are communicated and compared accurately. For that to happen, the terminology utilized must be precise and uniform. With medical information increasingly shared globally, an international consensus about the terminology is desirable. The Standard Committee of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons initiated an effort to define the commonlyused terms in the areas of colon and rectal cancer and anorectal physiology testing. Drafts were circulated and reviewed. At the Tripartite meeting in 1999, representatives from The American
The Effect of Input-based and Output-based Instruction on EFL Learners' Autonomy in Writing

The current research investigates the comparative effects of input-based and output-based task-induced activities on EFL learners' autonomy in writing. 35 learners were homogenized out of 70 Pre-intermediate EFL learners. The methodology was that at first session, a task of writing - similar to the writing tasks in their book- was given to all the participants in both experimental groups of input-based and output-based. During six treatment sessions some vocabularies related to the writing task is taught to the students. In input-based group the words are just taught and given to learners without asking them to use these words during the process of learning the lessons, but in the output-based group the teacher asks the students to produce the meaning of the words or try to use these vocabularies. At the seventh session, the same task is given to both groups as the post-test to see whether input and output-based instruction has positive effect on the results of their writing production. The writings are assessed in terms of measurements, fluency, accuracy and complexity. The data are analyzed using paired T-test. The paper concludes that output-based task-induced activities were more effective in improving learners' autonomy in Writing.
4D-1 A 6-Port Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator (FBAR) Multiplexer for U.S. CDMA Handsets Permitting use of PCS, Cellband, and GPS with a Single Antenna

A 5 mm times 8 mm times 1.2 mm module uses a simple L-C matching network to impedance match U.S. PCS (1900 MHz) and cellband (800 MHz) film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) duplexers with an FBAR GPS filter to a single antenna. This multiplexer approach eliminates a switch and typically provides -1 dB better insertion loss than the performance obtained from assembling discrete surface acoustic wave (SAW) duplexers and a diplexer while shrinking the required footprint on the handset PCB by about 4times. Typical handset sensitivity is about -110 dBm at the PCS band and slightly better at cellband frequencies. This also enables the use of an internal antenna and smaller form-factor handsets. This is the first report of such a CDMA antenna "quintplexer" for handsets to our knowledge
Do Existing Databases Answer Clinical Questions about Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke

Executive summary Most randomized, controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of pharmaceutical, surgical, and device interventions for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease have excluded patients over 75 years of age. Consequently, the use of these therapies in the older population is based on extrapolation of safety and effectiveness data obtained from younger patients. However, there are many registries and observational databases that contain large amounts of data on patients 75 years of age and older, as well as on younger patients. Although conclusions from such data are limited, it is possible to define the characteristics of patients who did well and those who did poorly. The goal of this conference was to convene the principal investigators of these databases, and others in the field of geriatric cardiology, to address questions relating to the safety and effectiveness of treatment interventions for several cardiovascular conditions in the elderly. Seven committees discussed the following topics: I. Risk Factor Modification in the Elderly II. Chronic Heart Failure III. Chronic Coronary Artery Disease: Role of Revacularization IV. Acute Myocardial Infarction V. Valve Surgery in the Elderly VI. Electrophysiology, Pacemaker, and Automatic Internal Cardioverter Defibrillators Databases VII. VII. Carotid Endarterectomy in the Elderly The chairs of these committees were asked to invite principal investigators of key databases in each of these areas to discuss and prepare a written statement concerning the available safety and efficacy data regarding interventions for these conditions and to identify and prioritize areas for future study. The ultimate goal is to stimulate further collaborative outcomes research in the elderly so as to place the treatment of cardiovascular disease on a more scientific basis.
Independent interlayer microfluidic cooling for heterogeneous 3D IC applications

Presented for the first time is the implementation of independent microfluidic cooling of different tiers in a 3D stack based on their power dissipation. The impact of this approach on heterogeneous 3D IC stacks, such as memory-on-processor and processor-on-processor with different power dissipations, has been experimentally explored. The junction temperature difference between tiers with different power dissipation is decreased from 12 to 7°C. Significant junction temperature reduction and thermal decoupling are achieved by this approach compared to air-cooling.
Green Coffee? The Contradictions of Global Sustainability Initiatives from an Indian Perspective

The ‘Common Code for the Coffee Community’ (4C) was developed as a multi-stakeholder initiative designed to embed sustainability principles in the mainstream coffee industry. It elicited widespread condemnation from producer countries during its initial ‘testing phase’. Focusing on Indian opposition, this article comes to the conclusion that, unless key issues as defined by producer-country interests are addressed, any initiatives to advance the economic, social and environmental sustainability of the industry are likely to be seen as vehicles within a neo-imperialist agenda seeking to establish consumer-country control over the product supply chain.
In Vivo Evolution of Bacterial Resistance in Two Cases of Enterobacter aerogenes Infections during Treatment with Imipenem

Infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are a major concern worldwide. Changes in membrane permeability, including decreased influx and/or increased efflux of antibiotics, are known as key contributors of bacterial MDR. Therefore, it is of critical importance to understand molecular mechanisms that link membrane permeability to MDR in order to design new antimicrobial strategies. In this work, we describe genotype-phenotype correlations in Enterobacter aerogenes, a clinically problematic and antibiotic resistant bacterium. To do this, series of clinical isolates have been periodically collected from two patients during chemotherapy with imipenem. The isolates exhibited different levels of resistance towards multiple classes of antibiotics, consistently with the presence or the absence of porins and efflux pumps. Transport assays were used to characterize membrane permeability defects. Simultaneous genome-wide analysis allowed the identification of putative mutations responsible for MDR. The genome of the imipenem-susceptible isolate G7 was sequenced to closure and used as a reference for comparative genomics. This approach uncovered several loci that were specifically mutated in MDR isolates and whose products are known to control membrane permeability. These were omp35 and omp36, encoding the two major porins; rob, encoding a global AraC-type transcriptional activator; cpxA, phoQ and pmrB, encoding sensor kinases of the CpxRA, PhoPQ and PmrAB two-component regulatory systems, respectively. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of membrane alterations relative to mutational steps in the evolution of MDR of a recognized nosocomial pathogen.