Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automated Oxygen Administration Alleviates Dyspnea in Patients Admitted with Acute Exacerbation of COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective Devices for Automated Oxygen Administration (AOA) have been developed to optimize the therapeutic benefit of oxygen supplementation. We aimed to investigate the effect of AOA on multidimensional aspects of dyspnea and as-needed consumption of opioids and benzodiazepines, as opposed to conventional oxygen therapy, in hospitalized patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Method and Patients A multicenter randomized controlled trial across five respiratory wards in the Capital Region of Denmark. Patients admitted with AECOPD (n=157) were allocated 1:1 to either AOA (O2matic Ltd), a closed loop device automatically delivering oxygen according to the patient’s peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), or conventional nurse-administered oxygen therapy. Oxygen flows and SpO2 levels were measured by the O2matic device in both groups, while dyspnea, anxiety, depression, and COPD symptoms were accessed by Patient Reported Outcomes. Results Of the 157 randomized patients, 127 had complete data for the intervention. The AOA reduced patients’ perception of overall unpleasantness significantly on the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP) with a difference in medians of −3 (p=0.003) between the intervention group (n=64) and the control group (n=63). The AOA also provided a significant between group difference in all single items within the sensory domain of the MDP (all p-values≤0.05) as well as in the Visual Analogue Scale – Dyspnea (VAS-D) within the past three days (p=0.013). All between group differences exceeded the Minimal Clinical Important Difference of the MDP and VAS-D, respectively. AOA did not seem to have an impact on the emotional response domain of the MDP, the COPD Assessment Test, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, or use of as-needed opioids and/or benzodiazepines (all p-values>0.05). Conclusion AOA reduces both breathing discomfort and physical perception of dyspnea in patients admitted with AECOPD but did not seem to impact the emotional status or other COPD symptoms.
Trajectory Optimization for Target Localization Using Time Delays and Doppler Shifts in Bistatic Sonar-Based Internet of Underwater Things

Efficient target localization is critical to many marine applications in the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT). Doppler effect becomes more predominant in the underwater environment when the relative speed of the moving object, i.e., the observer, to the signal propagation speed in water is much larger than that in the air. This along with the observer-target geometry will bring in a notable impact on the localization performance. In this article, we derive the Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB) and formulate the A-optimality criterion-based observer trajectory optimization problem to improve the localization performance based on time delay and Doppler shift measurements. We show that in the worst case scenario, there will be a conflict between the nonaccessible zone constraint and the observer dynamics constraint, which will lead to an erroneous result. To address this problem, we propose a warning zone-based augmented Lagrange multiplier method (ALMM) where the nonaccessible zone constraint is relaxed to resolve the conflict and ensure the nonaccessible requirement of the targeted zone is maintained. Performance evaluations are conducted through extensive simulations for different scenarios, and the results are compared to other methods with or without trajectory optimization. We demonstrate that trajectory optimization using time delays and Doppler shifts can greatly improve the target localization accuracy in underwater networks.
Comparative evaluation of dental implants in posterior maxilla placed using unicortical and bicortical anchorage—A split-mouth prospective study

ABSTRACT Background: The use of dental implants has become a very predictive method of rehabilitation for patients with partial or complete edentulism. It is more challenging to treat the posterior quadrants of the maxillary ridges using dental implants due to their anatomical and physiological characteristics. So to overcome the limitations of other techniques, short implants were introduced recently as a new approach to simplify implant placement in compromised alveolar bone and to prevent possible damage to vital structures. Purpose: This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of dental implants placed using the osteotomized sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique side engaging the bony floor of the maxillary sinus (bicortical anchorage) on one side and the conventional technique by split mouth on the other side. Materials and Method: This study included 15 patients. Study participants had dental implants placed on both sides of the mouth at the same time, so one side was implanted according to the test method, while the other side used the control method. Randomization determined which side would be implanted. Conclusion: The OSFE technique provides greater stability to the implant via bicortical anchorage than conventional techniques, which only provide unicortical anchorage.
HELICAL CHANNELS WITH VARIABLE SLIP FACTOR FOR NEUTRINO FACTORIES AND MUON COLLIDERS

In order to realize a muon collider or a neutrino factory based on a muon storage ring, the muons must be captured and cooled efficiently. For a muon collider, the resulting train of bunches should be coalesced into a single bunch. Design concepts for a system to capture, cool, and coalesce a muon beam are described here. In particular, variants of a helical channel are used, taking advantage of the ability to vary the slip factor and other parameters of such a channel. The cooling application has been described before [1,2]; this paper reports recent studies of a system that includes two novel concepts to accomplish capture and coalescing [3] via a slipcontrolled helical channel.
Stochastic approximation Monte Carlo EM for change-point analysis

ABSTRACT In the expectation–maximization (EM) algorithm for maximum likelihood estimation from incomplete data, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have been used in change-point inference for a long time when the expectation step is intractable. However, the conventional MCMC algorithms tend to get trapped in local mode in simulating from the posterior distribution of change points. To overcome this problem, in this paper we propose a stochastic approximation Monte Carlo version of EM (SAMCEM), which is a combination of adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo and EM utilizing a maximum likelihood method. SAMCEM is compared with the stochastic approximation version of EM and reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo version of EM on simulated and real datasets. The numerical results indicate that SAMCEM can outperform among the three methods by producing much more accurate parameter estimates and the ability to achieve change-point positions and estimates simultaneously.
Local depth monitoring using scanning electron microscopy and its verification using atomic force microscopy

In semiconductor industry, depth measurement is usually performed using the optical critical dimension (OCD) metrology, the atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). However, there are some limits in the depth measurements using OCD metrology or AFM. Therefore, this paper presents a new monitoring method for local depth using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a feasible verification method using AFM. This paper considers monitoring of local hole depth for the direct contact (DC). First, this paper proposes a depth monitoring index based on gray level (GL) of SEM image. The index includes not only the GL of the hole but also the GL of the background to reduce the effect of the GL inconsistency. Second, this paper verifies the effectiveness of the proposed depth monitoring index using in-FAB AFM. The reliability of the in-FAB AFM measurements as the reference for local depth is verified by TEM.
Tutoring during the pandemic: mentoring tutors’ formative experiences using digital and digital multimodal texts

ABSTRACT This survey-design study examined how 228 middle school preservice teachers perceived the implementation of digital and digital multimodal texts during course-required, mentored, tutoring sessions delivered in face-to-face and online settings prior to, during and toward the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. Tutors were able to recognize that texts could be used to elicit affective responses from their students, and had the potential to differentiate their lessons in accordance with learners’ needs, but the technology challenges they faced seemed insurmountable to some. Given their lack of teaching experience, tutors struggled to determine the appropriateness of the resources and they held distinct perceptions of the accomplishments and challenges related to their tutoring sessions. Mentor responsiveness exhibited by honouring tutors’ adaptive expertise can be seen as an important aspect of fostering tutors’ confidence. Focusing on the role of the mentor in preservice teachers’ tutoring field placements is a suggested area for future research.
“They expect me to be caring”: the challenges of claiming an androgynous leadership approach

Purpose This study aims to explore the experience of performing androgynous leadership approaches by New Zealand women leaders within the context of everyday conflict situations. Design/methodology/approach The research question “How do women leaders experience gender in conflict situations? ” was explored through the facilitation of 4 focus groups with 19 senior female leaders in New Zealand. Poststructural discourse analysis was used to explore how participants negotiated positions of power within their environments and in accordance with competing gendered discourses. Findings Participants described taking a flexible, balanced, androgynous leadership approach to managing conflict situations. While the expectations to be “empathetic”, “sympathetic”, “gentle”, “nurturing” and “caring” resonated with the participants preferred approach, they remained firm that if conflict persisted, they would “cross the line” and adopt stereotypically masculine behaviours to resolve the situation. However, participants describe that when perceived to be crossing the line from feminine to masculine approaches, they experienced significant backlash. This demonstrates the tensions between the approaches women leaders would like to take in managing conflict and the experiences of doing so within a prescriptively gendered organisational context. Originality/value This research contributes to a gap which exists in understanding how gender is experienced from the viewpoint of the woman leader. This research presents a nuanced view of gendered leadership as a contested ground, rather than a series of strategic choices. Despite an increase in the acceptance of women into leadership positions, the authors seemingly remain bound by what is considered a “feminine” leader.
Credit Risk Assessment in P2P Lending Using LightGBM and Particle Swarm Optimization

The credit risk evaluation is a vital task in the P2P Lending platform. An effective credit risk assessment method in a P2P lending platform can significantly influence investors' decisions. The machine learning algorithm that can be used to evaluate credit risk as LightGBM, however, the results in evaluating P2P lending need to be improved. The aim of this research is to improve the accuracy of the LightGBM algorithm by combining the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The novelty developed in this research is combining LightGBM with PSO for large data from the Lending Club Dataset which can be accessed on Kaggle.com. The highest accuracy also presented satisfactory results with 98.094% of accuracy, 90.514% of Recall, and 97.754% of NPV respectively. The combination of LightGBM and PSO shows better results.
Topological domain walls and quantum valley Hall effects in silicene

Silicene is a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice made of silicon atoms, which is considered to be a new Dirac fermion system. Based on first-principles calculations, we examine the possibility of the formation of solitonlike topological domain walls (DWs) in silicene. We show that the DWs between regions of distinct ground states of the buckled geometry should bind electrons when a uniform electric field is applied in the perpendicular direction to the sheet. The topological origin of the electron confinement is demonstrated based on numerical calculations of the valley-specific Hall conductivities, and possible experimental signatures of the quantum valley Hall effects are discussed using simulated scanning tunneling microscopy images. Our results strongly suggest that silicene could be an ideal host for the quantum valley Hall effect, thus providing a pathway to the valleytronics in silicon-based technology.
The Effects of a Multi-Ingredient Supplement Containing Wasabia Japonica Extract, Theacrine, and Copper (I) Niacin Chelate on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell DNA Methylation, Transcriptomics, and Sirtuin Activity

Herein, we determined if a multi-ingredient supplement (NAD3; 312 mg of combined Wasabia japonica extract, theacrine, and copper (I)niacin chelate) versus a placebo (CTL) affected peripheral blood mononuclear (PMBC) transcriptomic, DNA methylation, and sirtuin activity profiles in middle-aged adults after 12 weeks of supplementation. Several mRNAs demonstrated interactions (n = 148 at ±1.5-fold change, p < 0.01), and more stringent filtering indicated that 25 mRNAs were upregulated and 29 were downregulated in the NAD3 versus CTL group. Bioinformatics on these 64 mRNAs suggested that DNA conformational alterations may have been promoted with NAD3 supplementation, and this was corroborated with more CpG sites being hypermethylated (p < 0.001) in the CTL versus the NAD3 group when examining pre- to post-intervention changes (369 versus 35). PBMC SIRT activity decreased in CTL participants (p < 0.001), but not in NAD3 participants (p = 0.289), and values at 12 weeks trended higher in NAD3 participants (p = 0.057). Interestingly, the pre- to post- changes in SIRT activity values significantly correlated with changes in PBMC NAD+: NADH values obtained from a previous investigation in these participants (r = 0.534, p = 0.015). In conclusion, the current mRNA and DNA methylation data indirectly suggest that NAD3 supplementation may affect PBMC DNA conformation, while other direct assays suggest that NAD3 supplementation maintains SIRT activity through the potential maintenance of NAD+: NADH levels. However, these results are preliminary due to limited n-sizes and the study being performed in middle-aged adults.
Existence of solutions in the sense of distributions of anisotropic nonlinear elliptic equations with variable exponent

The aim of this paper is to study the existence of solutions in the sense of distributions for a~strongly nonlinear elliptic problem where the second term of the equation $f$ is in $ W^{-1,\overrightarrow{p}'(\,\cdot\,)}(\Omega)$ which is the dual space of the anisotropic Sobolev $W_{0}^{1,\overrightarrow{p}(\,\cdot\,)}(\Omega)$ and later $f$ will be in~$L^{1}(\Omega)$.
Wave-based sensor responses with embedded electrode layouts

Acoustic wave-based devices have attracted greater attention, particularly in the aerospace and bio-medical fields due to their passive and wireless capabilities. Interdigital transducer (IDT) is an integral part of the SHM wave-based sensor, as it transmits information about the structural state. Additionally, embedding the electrodes inside the piezoelectric substrate increases the acoustic coupling and protects the electrodes from potential external damage. This paper uses numerical analysis to discuss sensor responses with different IDT layouts in both frequency and time domains. The results investigate each type’s sensitivity towards mechanical strains and figure of merit, which facilitates the development of an efficient embedded electrode sensor through advanced additive manufacturing techniques.
A rare incidence and management of complex odontoma and surgical dehiscence in maxillary anterior region: A case report

ABSTRACT Odontoma is a benign odontogenic tumour, which is rather considered hamartoma. Hamartoma is not a true neoplasm, rather a growth of abnormal mixture of cells found in the body area they normally grows. Fully developed odontomas generally consist of enamel, dentin and pulpal tissues, in an unorganised manner. Some of them may contain cementum too. These are further grouped into compound and complex, depending on their clinical, radiographic and histologic features. Odontomas are generally asymptomatic and slow growing, but may cause bone expansion and hinderance in tooth eruption. These lesions are generally diagnosed by coincidence in radiograph. We are presenting a case and surgical management of complex odontoma and post-operative dehiscence in the anterior right maxillary region of a 38-year-old male.
Recognizing Brain Tumors Using Adaptive Noise Filtering and Statistical Features

The human brain, primarily composed of white blood cells, is centered on the neurological system. Incorrectly positioned cells in the immune system, blood vessels, endocrine, glial, axon, and other cancer-causing tissues, can assemble to create a brain tumor. It is currently impossible to find cancer physically and make a diagnosis. The tumor can be found and recognized using the MRI-programmed division method. It takes a powerful segmentation technique to produce accurate output. This study examines a brain MRI scan and uses a technique to obtain a more precise image of the tumor-affected area. The critical aspects of the proposed method are the utilization of noisy MRI brain images, anisotropic noise removal filtering, segmentation with an SVM classifier, and isolation of the adjacent region from the normal morphological processes. Accurate brain MRI imaging is the primary goal of this strategy. The divided section of the cancer is placed on the actual image of a particular culture, but that is by no means the last step. The tumor is located by categorizing the pixel brightness in the filtered image. According to test findings, the SVM could partition data with 98% accuracy.
Preoperative Anemia and Risk of In-hospital Postoperative Complications in Patients with Hip Fracture

Purpose To evaluate the impact of preoperative anemia on postoperative complications after hip fracture surgery. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective study including hip fracture patients at a teaching hospital between 2005 and 2022. We defined preoperative anemia as the last hemoglobin measurement level before surgery < 130 g/L for men and < 120 g/L for women. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital major complications, including pneumonia, respiratory failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, urinary tract infection, incision infection, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, angina pectoris, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and death. Secondary outcomes were cardiovascular events, infection, pneumonia, and death. We used multivariate negative binomial or logistic regression to evaluate the impact of anemia and its severity, categorized as mild (90–130 g/L for men, 90–120 g/L for women) or moderate-to-severe (< 90 g/L for both) anemia on outcomes. Results Of the 3540 included patients, 1960 had preoperative anemia. 188 anemic patients experienced 324 major complications, while 63 non-anemic patients had 94 major complications. The risk of major complications was 165.3 (95% CI, 149.5–182.4) and 59.5 (95% CI, 48.9–72.3) per 1000 persons in anemic and non-anemic patients, respectively. Anemic patients were more likely to have major complications than non-anemic patients (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR), 1.87; 95% CI, 1.30–2.72), which was consistent in mild (aIRR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.22–2.59) and moderate-to-severe (aIRR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.65–5.38) anemia. Preoperative anemia also increased the risk of cardiovascular events (aIRR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.29–3.01), infection (aIRR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.01–2.86), pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.91; 95% CI, 1.06–3.57), and death (aOR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.06–11.89). Conclusion Our findings suggest that even mild preoperative anemia is associated with major postoperative complications in hip fracture patients. This finding highlights considering preoperative anemia as a risk factor in surgical decision-making for high-risk patients.
Interactions of Tomato Chlorosis Virus p27 Protein with Tomato Catalase Are Involved in Viral Infection

Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) severely threatens tomato production worldwide. P27 is known to be involved in virion assembly, but its other roles in ToCV infection are unclear. In this study, we found that removal of p27 reduced systemic infection, while ectopic expression of p27 promoted systemic infection of potato virus X in Nicotiana benthamiana. We determined that Solanum lycopersicum catalases (SlCAT) can interact with p27 in vitro and in vivo and that amino acids 73 to 77 of the N-terminus of SlCAT represent the critical region for their interaction. p27 is distributed in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its coexpression with SlCAT1 or SlCAT2 changes its distribution in the nucleus. Furthermore, we found that silencing of SlCAT1 and SlCAT2 can promote ToCV infection. In conclusion, p27 can promote viral infection by binding directly to inhibit anti-ToCV processes mediated by SlCAT1 or SlCAT2.
Couples de Wald indéfiniment divisibles. Exemples liés à la fonction gamma d’Euler et à la fonction zeta de Riemann

A toute mesure c positive sur R + telle que ∞ 0 (x x 2 ) c(dx) α 0 , nous associons une «famille d'Esscher» de couples de Wald indefiniment divisibles. Nous donnons de nombreux exemples de telles familles d'Esscher. Celles liees a la fonction gamma et a la fonction zeta de Riemann possedent des proprietes remarquables.
PRICE VARIATION AND MOVEMENT OF Halea ciliata SPECIES OF LUMBER IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA

The study examined the intensity of price movement and trend analysis of selected volumes (0.013m3, 0.019m3 and 0.025m3) of Halea ciliata in urban and local lumber markets in Delta State of Nigeria. Monthly sales records of Halea ciliata species of lumber (2010-2019) were taken from sales receipt and were analyzed using econometric analysis. Results showed that prices of Halea ciliata species of lumber and the volumes considered were non-stationery in their level forms but were stationary at first difference (P≤0.01 and P≤0.05). The indices of market concentration were less than one suggesting elevated level of short run market integration. Co-integration test showed that a long run stable relation exist between prices in local and urban markets while the Error correction mechanism reflect that the extent of price movement is relatively fast. The study concluded that lumber market for Halea ciliata is integrated and operated efficiently. It was recommended that intensive forest restoration be embarked upon for continuous supply of lumber to sellers.