Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacotherapeutic Issues for Women of Childbearing Age with Epilepsy

James W McAuley BSPharm PhD, Assistant Professor of Pharmacy Practice and Administration and Neurology, Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, The Ohio State University OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of key pharmacotherapeutic issues in epilepsy for the woman of childbearing potential. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1966–1997) was done to identify pertinent literature. Chapters in epilepsy textbooks, pregnancy registries, and their respective bibliographies were also evaluated. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All identifiable sources written in English were evaluated. DATA SYNTHESIS: Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder. It is estimated that nearly 1 million American women of childbearing age have epilepsy. There are many women's health issues in epilepsy. These include menstrual cycle influences on seizure activity, contraceptive–antiepileptic drug interactions, pharmacokinetic changes during pregnancy, teratogenicity of antiepileptic drugs, breast-feeding, and quality of life. These issues challenge both the woman with epilepsy and the many healthcare providers involved in her care. This article reviews these issues and makes recommendations. It addresses both the first-generation antiepileptic drugs (phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid) and the newer or second-generation agents (felbamate, gabapentin, lamotrigine, topiramate, tiagabine). CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS: Drug interactions between enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs and contraceptives are well documented. Higher doses of oral contraceptives or a second contraceptive method are suggested if epileptic women use an enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drug. Planned pregnancy is highly recommended and counseling before conception is crucial. Prepregnancy counseling should include, but is not limited to, folic acid supplementation, optimal control of seizure activity, monotherapy with the lowest effective antiepileptic drug dose, and medication adherence. Patient information should be provided about the risk of teratogenicity and the importance of prenatal care. Antiepileptic drug dosage adjustments may be necessary and should be based on clinical symptoms, not solely on serum drug concentrations. While the future holds promise for many aforementioned women's issues in epilepsy, many questions remain to be answered.
Entity-adaptation: a programming model for development of context-aware applications

In recent years, new business and research opportunities have increasingly emerged in the field of large-scale pervasive platforms (e.g., building management systems, pervasive health-care, environmental monitoring). These platforms are characterized by the need to monitor and control a large number of heterogeneous environments with significantly different capabilities and utilize many distributed context sources and actions. Hence, they require additional support in terms of programming models and abstractions that can assist with the development of context-aware applications as generic and reusable components. Previous research studies in context-aware systems have proposed many different programming models, but none of them are enough to support the development of truly reusable applications. In this paper, we introduce the Entity-Adaptation programming model as a novel approach for the development of context-aware applications. The benefit of the Entity-Adaptation model is that it decouples context-aware applications from the underlying physical environments and allows them to be implemented as generic and reusable components. We additionally present the design and implementation of the CAPA framework, which provides support for deployment and execution of context-aware applications developed with the Entity-Adaptation programming model. Finally, we evaluate the solution using a case study that demonstrates effectiveness of the approach in a real-world scenario.
Chemoautotrophic Carbon Fixation Rates and Active Bacterial Communities in Intertidal Marine Sediments

Chemoautotrophy has been little studied in typical coastal marine sediments, but may be an important component of carbon recycling as intense anaerobic mineralization processes in these sediments lead to accumulation of high amounts of reduced compounds, such as sulfides and ammonium. We studied chemoautotrophy by measuring dark-fixation of 13C-bicarbonate into phospholipid derived fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers at two coastal sediment sites with contrasting sulfur chemistry in the Eastern Scheldt estuary, the Netherlands. At one site where free sulfide accumulated in the pore water right to the top of the sediment, PLFA labeling was restricted to compounds typically found in sulfur and ammonium oxidizing bacteria. At the other site, with no detectable free sulfide in the pore water, a very different PLFA labeling pattern was found with high amounts of label in branched i- and a-PLFA besides the typical compounds for sulfur and ammonium oxidizing bacteria. This suggests that other types of chemoautotrophic bacteria were also active, most likely Deltaproteobacteria related to sulfate reducers. Maximum rates of chemoautotrophy were detected in first 1 to 2 centimeters of both sediments and chemosynthetic biomass production was high ranging from 3 to 36 mmol C m−2 d−1. Average dark carbon fixation to sediment oxygen uptake ratios were 0.22±0.07 mol C (mol O2)−1, which is in the range of the maximum growth yields reported for sulfur oxidizing bacteria indicating highly efficient growth. Chemoautotrophic biomass production was similar to carbon mineralization rates in the top of the free sulfide site, suggesting that chemoautotrophic bacteria could play a crucial role in the microbial food web and labeling in eukaryotic poly-unsaturated PLFA was indeed detectable. Our study shows that dark carbon fixation by chemoautotrophic bacteria is a major process in the carbon cycle of coastal sediments, and should therefore receive more attention in future studies on sediment biogeochemistry and microbial ecology.
Customized Privacy Preservation Using Unknowns to Stymie Unearthing Of Association Rules

The explosions of new data mining techniques has augmented privacy risks because now it is probable to powerfully coalesce and cross-examine massive data stores, accessible on the web, in the rummage around of earlier unidentified hidden patterns. Consecutively to make a overtly accessible system safe and sound, we must guarantee not only that private sensitive data have been trimmed out, but also to make certain that certain inference channels have been clogged-up. The data and the concealed knowledge in this data should be made secure. Furthermore, the requirement for making our system as open as probable - to the extent that data sensitivity is not jeopardized - asks for diverse techniques that account for the revelation organize of sensitive data. At its nucleus, the value of privacy preserving data mining is plagiaristic not only from its knack to haul out imperative knowledge, but also from its resiliency to molestation. It performs well at needed levels during times of both crisis and normal operations. This task force's central thrust is towards establishing a earth with robust data security, where knowledge users persist to profit from data without compromising the data privacy.The goal of privacy-preserving data mining is to liberate a dataset that researchers can study without being able to identify sensitive information about any individuals in the data (with high probability). One technique for privacy-preserving data mining is to replace the sensitive items by unknown values. For many situations it is safer if the sanitization process consign unknown values as a substitute of fake values. This obscures the susceptible rules, whilst defending the punter of the data commencing false rules. In this study, we modify the blocking algorithms of[1] by proposing a new heuristic in order to reduce the information loss. We put forward an enhanced approach that overcomes the privacy breach problem of existing blocking approaches. Though they have argued that the rules are truly safe from an attack by an adversary, they have not formally proved the safety, which we have proved. We have investigated how probabilistic and information theoretic techniques can be applied to this problem. More complete analysis of the effectiveness of these rule obscuring techniques, and formal study of the problem has been made. Our preliminary domino effect point toward deterministic algorithms for privacy preserving association rules shows potential framework for controlling disclosure of sensitive data and knowledge.
Two-way interference channel capacity: How to have the cake and eat it too

Two-way communication is prevalent and its fundamental limits are first studied in the point-to-point setting by Shannon [1]. One natural extension is a two-way interference channel (IC) with four independent messages: two associated with each direction of communication. In this work, we explore a deterministic two-way IC which captures key properties of the wireless Gaussian channel. Our main contribution lies in the complete capacity region characterization of the two-way IC (w.r.t. the forward and backward sum-rate pair) via a new achievable scheme. One surprising consequence of this result is that not only we can get an interaction gain over the one-way non-feedback capacities, we can sometimes get all the way to perfect feedback capacities in both directions simultaneously.
Dapagliflozin a glucose-regulating drug with diuretic properties in subjects with type 2 diabetes

Sodium–glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) reabsorbs glucose and sodium in the renal proximal tubule. Dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, targets hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes by increasing renal glucose excretion. To investigate whether the parallel occurring sodium loss would have diuretic‐like physiologic effects, we compared dapagliflozin and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) effects on 24‐h blood pressure (BP), body weight, plasma volume and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Genetic determinants of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

Purpose of review High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been well established as an inverse predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD), and in recent years, investigations have focused on the genetic regulation of high-density lipoprotein. Although numerous candidate genes contribute to the low HDL-C phenotype, their impact on CHD is heterogeneous, reflecting diverse gene–gene interactions and gene–environmental relationships. This review summarizes recent data involving HDL regulatory genes and their role in atherothrombosis. Recent findings The primary genetic determinants associated with relative HDL-C deficiency states are the ATP binding cassette protein, ABCA1; apolipoprotein (APO) A1; and lecithin cholesteryl acyl transferase. Other potentially important candidates invoked in low HDL-C syndromes in humans include APOC3, lipoprotein lipase, sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, and glucocerebrosidase. Molecular variation in ABCAI and APOAI and, in selected cases, lecithin cholesteryl acyl transferase deficiency have been associated with increased CHD, whereas two notable variants, APOAIMilano and APOAIParis, are associated with reduced risk. Summary Low HDL-C syndromes have generally been correlated with an increased risk of CHD. However, single-gene abnormalities responsible for HDL-C deficiency states may have variable effects on atherothrombotic risk.
Unifying the Sensemaking Process with Semantic Interaction

Visual analytics emphasizes sensemaking of large, complex datasets through interactively exploring visualizations generated by statistical models. We propose semantic interaction as a design space for user interaction, combining the massivedata foraging abilities of statistical models and mining algorithms with the sensemaking abilities of analysts – using a visualization as the medium for interaction to occur. While algorithms can extract and present important information to analysts, the probabilistic nature of the algorithms results in necessarily producing some irrelevant information or incorrect conclusions. The algorithms need to be guided to extract and present the information that is most relevant to the analystʼs current task. Analysts need to be able to provide feedback to direct the algorithms. Thus, the goal of semantic interaction is to unintrusively capture the semantic knowledge or intent of the user in order to guide the system and support the entire analytic process.
Shearing Rate Effect on Mechanical Behavior of MSW Materials

Recent catastrophic failure in different regions of the world is an indication on the poor level of engineering knowledge on the mechanical behavior of MSW materials which are the main materials in the landfill body. However extensive researches have been made to represent a clear frame work to describe the behavior of these materials but clearly all of these attempts had not been enough. In the region with high seismic activity, mechanical response of MSW materials under quick and dynamic loading condition is one of the issues which should be addressed however there are some evidences concerning the higher resistance of MSW materials under dynamic loading condition. As a part of an extensive research, using large triaxial apparatus and large direct shear box, the effect of shearing rate on the mechanical response of these materials were evaluated. Effect of this factor also estimated on the pore water pressure generation pattern using large triaxial tests performed in un-drained condition. The results confirmed the achievement of Augello et al. (1995, 1998), Zekkos (2005) and Zekkos et al. (2007) regarding higher level of shear resistance of MSW materials under dynamic loading condition. The results also showed that however the rate of pore water pressure generation decreases with increasing the loading rate but final level of pore water pressure is independent of loading rate.
Diaminothiazoles Inhibit Angiogenesis Efficiently by Suppressing Akt Phosphorylation

The prevention of neovessel formation or angiogenesis is a recent popular strategy for limiting and curing cancer. Diaminothiazoles are a class of compounds that have been reported to show promise in the treatment of cancer by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis, because of their effects on microtubules and as inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases. Many microtubule-targeting agents are being studied for their antiangiogenic activity, and a few have shown promising activity in the treatment of cancer. Here, we report that diaminothiazoles can be highly effective as antiangiogenic agents, as observed in the chick membrane assay. The lead compound, 4-amino-5-benzoyl-2-(4-methoxyphenylamino)thiazole (DAT1), inhibits endothelial cell processes such as invasion, migration, and tubule formation, which require a functional cytoskeleton. DAT1 also decreases the expression of cell adhesion markers. The antiangiogenic activities of DAT1 occur at concentrations that are not cytotoxic to the normal endothelium. Analysis of intracellular signaling pathways shows that DAT1 inhibits Akt phosphorylation, which is actively involved in the angiogenic process. The antiangiogenic properties of diaminothiazoles, in addition to their promising antimitotic and cytotoxic properties in cancer cell lines, give them an extra advantage in the treatment of cancer.
A Secure Communication Approach for Mobile Intelligent Terminal

Currently, various mobile intelligent terminals have penetrated into our daily life. But at the same time, security and privacy issues of mobile intelligent terminals become a serious problem. In this paper, we present an approach to ensure the secure communication between mobile intelligent terminals. Our idea is to restrict that plaintext information can only exist inside mobile intelligent terminals, and any information outside of mobile intelligent terminals must be automatically encrypted. Experimental results show that our approach is efficient, and incur only 2%~3% performance losses.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 encodes two Fc receptors which have different binding characteristics for monomeric immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG complexes

Two herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins, gE and gI, have been shown to form a complex that binds the Fc domain of immunoglobulin G (IgG). We demonstrate that this complex is required for the binding of monomeric nonimmune IgG but that gE alone is sufficient for binding polymeric IgG in the form of IgG complexes. Evidence that gE but not gI is required for binding IgG complexes is as follows. IgG complexes bound equally well to cells infected with gI-negative mutants or with wild-type virus, whereas cells infected with gE-negative mutants did not bind IgG complexes. Furthermore, L cells transiently transfected to express gE bound IgG complexes. Additional evidence that gI fails to augment binding of IgG complexes comes from experiments in which the gI gene was inducibly expressed in cells after infection. Inducible gI expression failed to increase binding of IgG complexes to infected cells in comparison with cells not capable of inducible gI expression. In contrast, expression of both gE and gI was necessary for binding of monomeric IgG, as demonstrated by flow cytometry using cells infected with gE-negative and gI-negative mutants. These observations demonstrate that herpes simplex virus type 1 Fc receptors (FcRs) have different binding characteristics for monomeric IgG and IgG complexes. Furthermore, it appears that gE is the FcR for IgG complexes and that gE and gI form the FcR for monomeric IgG.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences the Environmental Costs of Mountaintop Mining Valley Fill Operations for Aquatic Ecosystems of the Central Appalachians

Southern Appalachian forests are recognized as a biodiversity hot spot of global significance, particularly for endemic aquatic salamanders and mussels. The dominant driver of land-cover and land-use change in this region is surface mining, with an ever-increasing proportion occurring as mountaintop mining with valley fill operations (MTVF). In MTVF, seams of coal are exposed using explosives, and the resulting noncoal overburden is pushed into adjacent valleys to facilitate coal extraction. To date, MTVF throughout the Appalachians have converted 1.1 million hectares of forest to surface mines and buried more than 2,000 km of stream channel beneath mining overburden. The impacts of these lost forests and buried streams are propagated throughout the river networks of the region as the resulting sediment and chemical pollutants are transmitted downstream. There is, to date, no evidence to suggest that the extensive chemical and hydrologic alterations of streams by MTVF can be offset or reversed by currently required reclamation and mitigation practices.
Sub-Micron CMOS Characterisation for Single Chip Wireless Applications

This paper describes a multifunctional, electronically reconfigurable, small/large signal load pull measurement system and its integrated use with BSIM 3v3 for modelling of sub-micron CMOS transistors and sub-circuits. This turnkey measurement system can be electronically configured from a battery of instruments in order to characterise minimum noise, optimum power, intermodulation, dc and S-parameters, together with harmonic response and dynamic load line information under both source and load pull conditions. The instrumentation provides validation data against the BSIM physical model simulator. Hence, for the first time measurement of all of the significant devices parameters can be made for the device operated under all possible primary modes for model validation so that optimal circuit design can be carried out in a holistic fashion.
NMR Meets Tau: Insights into Its Function and Pathology

In this review, we focus on what we have learned from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) studies on the neuronal microtubule-associated protein Tau. We consider both the mechanistic details of Tau: the tubulin relationship and its aggregation process. Phosphorylation of Tau is intimately linked to both aspects. NMR spectroscopy has depicted accurate phosphorylation patterns by different kinases, and its non-destructive character has allowed functional assays with the same samples. Finally, we will discuss other post-translational modifications of Tau and its interaction with other cellular factors in relationship to its (dys)function.
Striatal vessels receive phosphorylated tyrosine hydroxylase-rich innervation from midbrain dopaminergic neurons

Nowadays it is assumed that besides its roles in neuronal processing, dopamine (DA) is also involved in the regulation of cerebral blood flow. However, studies on the hemodynamic actions of DA have been mainly focused on the cerebral cortex, but the possibility that vessels in deeper brain structures receive dopaminergic axons and the origin of these axons have not been investigated. Bearing in mind the evidence of changes in the blood flow of basal ganglia in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and the pivotal role of the dopaminergic mesostriatal pathway in the pathophysiology of this disease, here we studied whether striatal vessels receive inputs from midbrain dopaminergic neurons. The injection of an anterograde neuronal tracer in combination with immunohistochemistry for dopaminergic, vascular and astroglial markers, and dopaminergic lesions, revealed that midbrain dopaminergic axons are in close apposition to striatal vessels and perivascular astrocytes. These axons form dense perivascular plexuses restricted to striatal regions in rats and monkeys. Interestingly, they are intensely immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) phosphorylated at Ser19 and Ser40 residues. The presence of phosphorylated TH in vessel terminals indicates they are probably the main source of basal TH activity in the striatum, and that after activation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, DA release onto vessels precedes that onto neurons. Furthermore, the relative weight of this “vascular component” within the mesostriatal pathway suggests that it plays a relevant role in the pathophysiology of PD.
Moving object detection with Kinect v2

Kinect v2 provides depth images with reduced noises and holes, which simplifies the pre-processing of eliminating noises and filling holes. This also allows us to detect the moving object with the depth information of Kinect v2 without resorting to RGB image. Based on this a fast moving object detection method for Kinect v2 is presented in this paper. Our method performs very quickly while extracting moving objects accurately.
Dynamic Scope-Based Dijkstra's Algorithm

We briefly report on the current state of a new dynamic al- gorithm for the route planning problem based on a concept of scope (the static variant presented at ESA'11, (16)). We first motivate dynamiza- tion of the concept of scope admissibility, and then we briefly describe a modification of the scope-aware query algorithm of (16) to dynamic road networks. Finally, we outline our future work on this concept.