Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Intake of Leucine-Rich Protein Supplement in Parallel with Resistance Exercise on the Body Composition and Function of Healthy Adults

Although sarcopenia has been dealt with in several studies, the standardized guidelines for preventing sarcopenia resulting from increased life expectancy are still insufficient. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of daily resistance exercise and the intake of leucine-rich protein supplements daily for 12 weeks on the body composition and physical function of healthy adults aged >50 years living in Korea. The study analyzed 50 healthy people without medical conditions, who were randomly assigned to two groups (taking either protein powder or placebo powder) twice a day for 12 weeks. All participants performed resistance exercises regularly that could be repeated 8–12 times using a TheraBand for 12 weeks. A total of 41 participants completed the study. When measured via bioimpedance analysis (BIA), body fat mass (kg) and body fat (%) significantly decreased, and lean body mass (LBM) (kg) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (kg) significantly increased, in both groups. However, when measured via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), LBM was significantly increased only in the protein powder group. The LBM and SMM change measured via BIA was significantly greater in the protein powder group than in the placebo powder group (LBM: 0.95 ± 0.91 kg in the protein powder group vs. 0.38 ± 1.06 kg in the placebo powder group, p = 0.043; SMM: 0.69 ± 0.58 kg in the protein powder group vs. 0.29 ± 0.65 kg in the placebo powder group, p = 0.039, respectively). In the senior fitness test (SFT), significant functional improvement was found within the two groups, but no significant difference was found between the groups in the degree of improvement. In conclusion, in older people aged >50, to prevent sarcopenia, is more effective to combine resistance exercise and leucine-rich protein supplementation than to simply perform resistance exercise.
Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase (SSAO) and Lysyl Oxidase (LOX) Association in Rat Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main stromal cells in the medial layer of the vascular wall. These cells produce the extracellular matrix (ECM) and are involved in many pathological changes in the vascular wall. Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) and lysyl oxidase (LOX) are vascular enzymes associated with the development of atherosclerosis. In the vascular smooth muscle cells, increased SSAO activity elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces VSMCs death; increased LOX induces chemotaxis through hydrogen peroxide dependent mechanisms; and decreased LOX contributes to endothelial dysfunction. This study investigates the relationship between SSAO and LOX in VSMCs by studying their activity, protein, and mRNA levels during VSMCs passaging and after silencing the LOX gene, while using their respective substrates and inhibitors. At the basal level, LOX activity decreased with passage and its protein expression was maintained between passages. βAPN abolished LOX activity (** p < 0.01 for 8 vs. 3 and * p < 0.05 for 5 vs. 8) and had no effect on LOX protein and mRNA levels. MDL72527 reduced LOX activity at passage 3 and 5 (## p < 0.01) and had no effect on LOX protein, and mRNA expression. At the basal level, SSAO activity also decreased with passage, and its protein expression was maintained between passages. MDL72527 abolished SSAO activity (**** p < 0.0001 for 8 vs. 3 and * p < 0.05 for 5 vs. 8), VAP-1 expression at passage 5 (** p < 0.01) and 8 (**** p < 0.0001), and Aoc3 mRNA levels at passage 8 (* p < 0.05). βAPN inhibited SSAO activity (**** p < 0.0001 for 5 vs. 3 and 8 vs. 3 and * p < 0.05 for 5 vs. 8), VAP-1 expression at passage 3 (* p < 0.05), and Aoc3 mRNA levels at passage 3 (* p < 0.05). Knockdown of the LOX gene (**** p < 0.0001 for Si6 vs. Sictrl and *** p < 0.001 for Si8 vs. Sictrl) and LOX protein (** p < 0.01 for Si6 and Si8 vs. Sictrl) in VSMCs at passage 3 resulted in a reduction in Aoc3 mRNA (#### p < 0.0001 for Si6 vs. Sictrl and ### p < 0.001 for Si8 vs. Sictrl) and VAP-1 protein (# p < 0.05 for Si8 vs. Sictrl). These novel findings demonstrate a passage dependent decrease in LOX activity and increase in SSAO activity in rat aortic VSMCs and show an association between both enzymes in early passage rat aortic VSMCs, where LOX was identified as a regulator of SSAO activity, protein, and mRNA expression.
Two‐timescale optimization approach for coordinated multi‐point design in unmanned aerial vehicle‐assisted cellular networks

Thanks to their mobility, flexibility, and adaptive altitude, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been admitted for several applications in wireless communication systems. In particular, UAVs can function as aerial base stations (BSs) to increase cellular network capacity and provide persistent coverage. Due to the line‐of‐sight channels between UAVs and user equipments (UEs), strong co‐channel interference may be generated in the network. In this article, a joint transmission coordinated multi‐point technique is considered in the downlink cellular network to effectively manage the interference brought by UAVs. A two‐timescale optimization approach is proposed to prevent exchanging absurd messages and channel information between the transmission points. The objective of the proposed method is to maximize the sum rate of the network subject to the constraints on UEs' quality of service as well as per‐ground BS and per‐UAV total transmitted power. The proposed approach is decomposed into long‐term and short‐term problems. The long‐term problem aims to jointly optimize the UEs' clusters, the UAVs' locations, and the initial transmit beamforming vectors based on large‐scale channel gain. This problem is a mixed‐integer nonlinear programming optimization problem, which is nondeterministic polynomial hard. Meanwhile, the short‐term problem requires obtaining the transmit beamforming vectors according to the overall channel vector. This problem is also a non‐convex optimization problem. To address these challenges, two algorithms are proposed based on difference of convex functions programming and successive convex approximation technique to deal with these two problems. Extensive simulations show that the performance of the proposed approach outperforms the comparable algorithms.
Maps on matrices that preserve the spectral radius distance

Let o be a surjective map on the space of n x n complex matrices such that r(o(A)-o(B))=r(A-B) for all A,B, where r(X) is the spectral radius of X. We show that must o be a composition of five types of maps: translation, multiplication by a scalar of modulus one, complex conjugation, taking transpose and (simultaneous) similarity. In particular, o is real linear up to a translation.
Suppression of Modulation Instability Induced Phase Noise in the Long-Haul Phase-Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

Modulation instability (MI) is the main limitation factor of the maximum optical power in long-haul phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR), and induces signal fading and serious phase noise. In this paper, a method of coherent seed injection is proposed to suppress the MI-induced phase noise in long-haul Φ-OTDR. The spontaneous MI is suppressed by stimulating induced MI in an optical fiber. The visibility of the signal in Φ-OTDR is enhanced and the phase noise is suppressed significantly. This paper offers an effective method to increase the maximum input power with the MI-induced phase noise suppressed in the long-haul Φ-OTDR system. As a result, the maximum input power and sensing distance can be potentially increased, which is greatly beneficial to the enhancement of the performance of long-haul Φ-OTDR.
The Expression Patterns of Human Cancer-Testis Genes Are Induced through Epigenetic Drugs in Colon Cancer Cells

Background: The expression of human germline genes is restricted to the germ cells of the gonads, which produce sperm and eggs. The germline genes involved in testis development and potentially activated in cancer cells are known as cancer-testis (CT) genes. These genes are potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers, as well as drivers of the oncogenic process. CT genes can be reactivated by treatment with drugs that demethylate DNA. The majority of the existing literature on CT gene activation focuses on X-chromosome-produced CT genes. We tested the hypothesis that epigenetic landscape changes, such as DNA methylation, can alter several CT gene expression profiles in cancer and germ cells. Methods: Colon cancer (CC) cell lines were treated with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (DNMTi) 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine, or with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) trichostatin A (TSA). The effects of these epigenetic treatments on the transcriptional activation of previously published CT genes (CTAG1A, SCP2D1, TKTL2, LYZL6, TEX33, and ACTRT1) and testis-specific genes (NUTM1, ASB17, ZSWIM2, ADAM2, and C10orf82) were investigated. Results: We found that treatment of CC cell lines with 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine or TSA correlated with activation of X-encoded CT genes and non-X-encoded CT genes in somatic (non-germline) cells. Conclusion: These findings confirm that a subset of CT genes can be regulated by hypomethylating drugs and subsequently provide a potential therapeutic target for cancer.
Sampled-Data Kalman Filtering and Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation for Infinite-Dimensional Continuous-Time Systems

Abstract : Kalman filtering and multiple model adaptive estimation (MMAE) methods have been applied by researchers in several engineering disciplines to a multitude of problems featuring a linear (or mildly nonlinear) model based on finite-dimensional differential (or difference) equations perturbed by random inputs. However, many real-world systems are more naturally modeled using an infinite-dimensional continuous-time linear systems model, such as those most naturally modeled as partial differential equations or time-delayed differential equations along with a possibly infinite-dimensional measurement model. The Kalman filtering technique was extended to encompass infinite-dimensional continuous-time systems with sampled-data measurements and a technique to approximate an infinite-dimensional continuous-time system model with an essentially equivalent finite-dimensional discrete-time model upon which a filtering algorithm could be based was developed. The tools developed during this research were demonstrated using an estimation problem based on a stochastic partial differential equation with an unknown noise environment.
Conductor Insulator Quantum Phase Transitions

PART I: METAL-INSULATOR TRANSITIONS 1. Introduction to Metal-Insulator Transitions 2. Anderson Localisation 3. Visualizing Critical Correlations near the Metal-Insulator Transition in Ga1? xMnxAs 4. Local approaches to strongly correlated disordered systems 5. Penultimate fate of a dirty-Fermi-liquid 6. Glassy dynamics of electrons near the metal-insulator transition 7. Phase Competition and Inhomogeneous States as a New Paradigm for Complex Materials 8. Numerical Studies of Metal-Insulator Transitions in Disordered Hubbard Models PART II: SUPERCONDUCTOR-INSULATOR TRANSITIONS 9. Superconductor-Insulator Transitions: Present Status and Open Questions 10. Scaling Analysis of Direct Superconductor-Insulator Transitions in Disordered Ultrathin Films of Metals 11. Spin Effects Near the Superconductor-Insulator Transition 12. Magnetic field-induced novel insulating phase in 2D superconductors 13. SIT's in ultrathin a-Pb films: comparisons of disorder, magnetic field and magnetic impurity tuned 14. Evidence of Cooper Pairs on the Insulating Side of the SIT 15. Spectroscopic Imaging STM Studies of Electronic Structure in both the Superconducting and Pseudogap Phases of Underdoped Cuprates 16. Suppression of Tunneling of Superconducting Vortices Caused by a Remote Gate: Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe and localization 17. Theoretical Studies of Superconductor-Insulator Transitions
A design of underwater soft gripper with water pressure sensing and enhanced stiffness

Abstract In this paper, a hydraulic soft gripper for underwater applications is designed to provide a solution for improving the gripping force as well as the sensing capability of the soft gripper. The soft gripper is made of silicone and has an integrated semi-circular hydraulic network inside. To enhance the rigidity and grasping performance of the soft gripper, we have integrated a restriction layer consisting of a spring steel plate in the soft gripper. Meanwhile, to enhance the sensing capability of this soft gripper, we have designed a water pressure sensor based on resistance strain gauges and integrated it on the spring steel plate. Before fabrication, we determined the structural parameters of the soft gripper by geometric analysis. Then we experimentally evaluated its pressure-bearing capacity, bending performance, the role of spring steel plates, and the accuracy of the sensor.The experimental results show that the spring steel plate improves the gripping force of the soft gripper, the sensor also has high accuracy, and the built four-finger gripping system has good adaptability to objects of different shapes and weights.Compared with the existing solutions, this solution takes a simpler structural form while improving the gripping force and sensing ability of the soft gripper, and integrates the issues of improving the gripping force and sensing ability. The spring steel plate used in this paper not only improves the gripping force of the soft gripper but also provides a stable and reliable platform for installing sensors.
Derivative-Free Observability Analysis for Sensor Placement Optimization of Bioinspired Flexible Flapping Wing System

Observability analysis of a bioinspired flexible flapping wing system provides a measure of how well the states of flexible flapping wing micro-aerial vehicles can be estimated from real-time measurements during high-speed flight. However, the traditional observability analysis approaches have trouble in terms of lack of quantitative analysis index, high computational complexity, low accuracy, and unavailability in stochastic systems with memory, including bioinspired flexible flapping wing systems. Therefore, a novel derivative-free observability analysis method is proposed here based on the generalized polynomial chaos expansion. By formulating a surrogate model to represent the relationship between the cumulative measurement and the random initial state, the observability coefficient matrix is calculated and the observability rank condition is stated. Consequently, several observability indices are proposed to quantity the observability of the system. Altogether, the proposed method avoids the disadvantages of the traditional approaches, especially in assessing the observability degree of each state and the effect of stochastic noise on observability. The validation of the proposed method is first provided by demonstrating the equivalence between the traditional and proposed methods and subsequently by comparing the observability of the Lorenz system calculated via three different approaches. Finally, the proposed method is applied on a bioinspired flexible wing system to optimize the placement of sensors, which is consistent with the natural configuration of campaniform sensilla on the wing of the hawkmoth.
Fast on-board ship detection in panchromatic images based on micro-nano satellite

With the continuous improvement of the number and capability of micro-nano satellites, on-board intelligent data processing becomes a necessary configuration. The constellation with hundreds micro-nano satellites has the ability to high-frequency detection of ship targets and realizes continuous awareness of the global ocean, which is of great significance in maritime rescue, waterway management and combating illegal fishing. In this paper, a fast on-board ship detection method for panchromatic image is proposed. Firstly, GPU (graphics processing unit) of commercial devices is used to form high performance and low power computing capability on the micro-nano satellite. Then, according to the characteristics of ship targets, a convolutional neural network based on lightweight model is designed to quickly obtain accurate number and location information of ship targets. The algorithm deployed on micro-nano satellite can transform massive remote sensing data into target slices, greatly reduce the pressure of satellite-ground data transmission and improve the application efficiency of remote sensing data. We test our method on a dataset of more than 90 panchromatic images. The results show that the detection rate of this algorithm is better than 0.95, and the average processing speed for an image block of 1024 × 1024 pixel is less than 0.2 seconds, which has a wide application prospect.
Molecular and Functional Characterization of BDNF-Overexpressing Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Established by Sleeping Beauty Transposon-Mediated Gene Transfer

More and more patients suffer from multifactorial neurodegenerative diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, their pathological mechanisms are still poorly understood, which complicates the development of effective therapies. To improve treatment of multifactorial diseases, cell-based gene therapy can be used to increase the expression of therapeutic factors. To date, there is no approved therapy for dry AMD, including late-stage geographic atrophy. We present a treatment option for dry AMD that transfers the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene into retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells by electroporation using the plasmid-based Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system. ARPE-19 cells and primary human RPE cells were co-transfected with two plasmids encoding the SB100X transposase and the transposon carrying a BDNF transcription cassette. We demonstrated efficient expression and secretion of BDNF in both RPE cell types, which were further increased in ARPE-19 cell cultures exposed to hydrogen peroxide. BDNF-transfected cells exhibited lower apoptosis rates and stimulated neurite outgrowth in human SH-SY5Y cells. This study is an important step in the development of a cell-based BDNF gene therapy that could be applied as an advanced therapy medicinal product to treat dry AMD or other degenerative retinal diseases.
Generalized Hypergeometric Functions

Introduction Multiplication by Xu (Gauss contiguity) Algebraic theory Variation of Wa with g Analytic theory Deformation theory Structure of Hg Linear differential equations over a ring Singularities (Generalities) Non-regular case Modified Laplace transform Algebraic theory of Laplace transform Examples Degenerative parameters Value at the origin Generic case Formal analytic theory Duality Duality-analytic theory Non degeneracy of Oa Fermat surface References Index of notation Index.
Closed oriented 3-manifolds are subtle equivalence classes of plane graphs

A {\em blink} is a plane graph with an arbitrary bipartition of its edges. As a consequence of a recent result of Martelli, I show that the homeomorphisms classes of closed oriented 3-manifolds are in 1-1 correspondence with specific classes of blinks. In these classes, two blinks are equivalent if they are linked by a finite sequence of local moves, where each one appears in a concrete list of 64 moves: they organize in 8 types, each being essentially the same move on 8 simply related configurations. The size of the list can be substantially decreased at the cost of loosing symmetry, just by keeping a very simple move type, the {\em ribbon moves} denoted $\pm \mu_{11}^{\pm}$ (which are in principle redundant). The inclusion of $\pm \mu_{11}^{\pm}$ implies that all the moves corresponding to plane duality (the starred moves), except for $\mu_{20}^\star$ and $\mu_{02}^\star$, are redundant and the coin calculus is reduced to 36 moves on 36 coins. A {\em residual fraction link} or a {\em flink}, is a new object which generalizes {\em blackboard-framed link}. It plays an important role in this work. I try to make the topological exposition as complete as possible: about half of the exposition deals with the topological preliminaries. The objective is to make it easier for the combinatorially oriented readers to understand the paper. It is in the aegis of this work to find new important connections between 3-manifolds and plane graphs.
Smart Home Control System Using VLC and Bluetooth Enabled AC Light Bulb for 3D Indoor Localization with Centimeter-Level Precision

Smart home systems (SHSs) are a modern lifestyle trend, changing daily lives in the most intuitive way. To connect and operate various smart devices under one system, an accurate, convenient, and secure control method is of utmost significance. Nowadays, most smart home control systems are based on radio-frequency (RF) technologies such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and Zigbee. They tend to suffer from poor location accuracy in high-density environments due to the interference and noise in RF signals as well as their penetration through walls, leading to security vulnerabilities and low-precision control. To address these issues, this paper presents a smart home control system based on visible light communication (VLC), with enhanced security and accurate localization for precise and convenient control. The system includes an AC lightbulb, a smartphone running the position and control applications, and a cloud server with location-based access and a database of smart home devices. The design of the AC lightbulb integrates VLC and Bluetooth connectivity in a standard form factor for easy installation and plug-n-play capability. A smartphone camera-based 3D indoor positioning and orientation algorithm that allows precise control by pointing the smartphone the device is also presented. We demonstrate the feasibility of this system through prototype implementation and experimental verification.
Gauribidanur radio array solar spectrograph (GRASS)

We describe the Gauribidanur radio array solar spectrograph (GRASS) and its various systems. The system consists of an array of 8 log periodic dipoles, a spectrum analyzer and a data acquisition system. The spec- trograph normally operates in the frequency range of 30 - 150 MHz with a frequency resolution of 250 KHz and a time resolution of 43 msec. The Gau- ribidanur radio array solar spectrograph operates approximately from 04:00 UT to 10:00 UT each day. We illustrate the working of the spectrograph with a few observations.