Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Gold Standard for Relation Extraction in the Food Domain

We present a gold standard for semantic relation extraction in the food domain for German. The relation types that we address are motivated by scenarios for which IT applications present a commercial potential, such as virtual customer advice in which a virtual agent assists a customer in a supermarket in finding those products that satisfy their needs best. Moreover, we focus on those relation types that can be extracted from natural language text corpora, ideally content from the internet, such as web forums, that are easy to retrieve. A typical relation type that meets these requirements are pairs of food items that are usually consumed together. Such a relation type could be used by a virtual agent to suggest additional products available in a shop that would potentially complement the items a customer has already in their shopping cart. Our gold standard comprises structural data, i.e. relation tables, which encode relation instances. These tables are vital in order to evaluate natural language processing systems that extract those relations.
CP-violating phases in supersymmetry, electric dipole moments, and linear colliders

We reexamine large CP-violating phases in the general minimal supersymmetric standard model, as well as more restricted models. We perform a detailed scan over parameter space to find solutions which satisfy the current experimental limits on the electric dipole moments of the electron, neutron and ${}^{199}\mathrm{Hg}$ atom, exploring the allowed configurations of phases and masses, and we attempt to quantify the level of tuning of the parameters necessary to populate the regions of cancellations. We then consider the measurement of CP-violating phases at a future linear collider. We find that measurements of chargino and neutralino masses and production cross sections allow for a determination of ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{1}$ (the phase of ${M}_{1})$ to a precision of $\ensuremath{\pi}/30,$ while the EDM constraints require that ${\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$ be too small to be measured. Using the EDM constraints we find that the CP-even model parameters and the phase ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{1}$ can be determined at a linear collider with $400\mathrm{GeV}$ c.m. energy. As long as some information on the size of $|\ensuremath{\mu}|$ is included in the observables, a measurement of ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{1}$ is guaranteed for ${\ensuremath{\varphi}}_{1}g\ensuremath{\pi}/10. $ To unambiguously identify $\mathrm{CP}$ violation, we construct CP-odd kinematical variables at a linear collider. However, the $\mathrm{CP}$ asymmetries are rather small, typically about 0.1\char21{}1.5 %, and it will be challenging to experimentally observe the predicted asymmetries.
Revisiting Metformin: Annual Vitamin B12 Supplementation may become Mandatory with Long-Term Metformin Use

Monitoring of adverse drug reactions of a drug is a continuous process and runs through-out the life of a drug. Many rare adverse effects of a drug are documented after years of use; when a single case (signal generation) is reported leading subsequently to reporting of more cases. Deficiency of Vitamin B12 (vit B12) is a known sequel of prolonged metformin therapy. It was recommended to have annual measurement of serum vit B12 levels in patients on long term metformin therapy way back in 1970 itself. After more than 50 years of use of metformin, we have come to know that metformin induced vit B12 deficiency can cause neuropathy; forcing to change the recommendation from annual screening of vit B12 levels to annual supplementation of vit B12.
Attraction- and Entrapment-Based Commitment among Competitive Female Gymnasts

The purpose of this study was to examine correlates of attraction- and entrapment-based commitment among young competitive female gymnasts. Participants were 124 gymnasts (Levels 9, 10, and Elite) ranging in age from 10 to 18 years. Based on theory and research (Raedeke, 1997; Schmidt & Stein, 1991), commitment profiles were determined based on benefits, costs, enjoyment, personal investments, and attractive alternatives. Three profiles emerged when using cluster analysis. Attracted gymnasts were higher in enjoyment and benefits but lower in costs and attractive alternatives. Entrapped gymnasts were lower in enjoyment and benefits but higher in costs and attractive alternatives. Vulnerable gymnasts were moderately lower in enjoyment and benefits, average in costs, and moderately higher in attractive alternatives. These groups were significantly different on social support, social constraints, motivational orientation, and training behaviors. The three profiles were similar but not identical to Schmidt and.
Home Blood Pressure Measurements for Managing Hypertension in Hemodialysis Patients

Home blood pressure (BP) monitoring serves as a practical method to detect changes in BP instead of ambulatory BP monitoring in hemodialysis patients. To evaluate the relationship of reduction in home BP compared to interdialytic ambulatory BP measurements we analyzed the data from the dry-weight reduction in hypertensive hemodialysis patients (DRIP) trial in which 100 patients had their dry weight probed based on clinical sign and symptoms and 50 patients served as controls. We measured home BP 3 times a day for 1 week using a validated oscillometric monitor on 3 occasions at 4-week intervals after randomization. Changes from baseline in home, predialysis BP and postdialysis BP were compared to interdialytic 44-hour ambulatory BP. Home and ambulatory BP monitoring was available in 141 of 150 (94%) patients. Predialysis systolic BP was not as sensitive as ambulatory BP in detecting change in BP with dry-weight reduction. Whereas postdialysis BP was capable of detecting an improvement in systolic BP in response to probing dry weight, by itself it does not provide evidence that change in postdialysis BP persists over the interdialytic period. Home BP reliably detected changes in ambulatory BP, albeit with less sensitivity at 4 weeks. However, at 4 and at 8 weeks, changes in home systolic BP were most strongly related to changes in interdialytic ambulatory systolic BP compared to predialysis and postdialysis BP. The reproducibility of BP measurements followed the order home > ambulatory >> predialysis > postdialysis. These data provide support for the use of home BP monitoring for the management of hypertension in hemodialysis patients.
Adenovirus-mediated transfer of caspase-8 in combination with superrepressor of NF-kappaB drastically induced apoptosis in gliomas.

Inhibition of NF-kappaB in the presence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) is supposed to be a promising cancer therapeutic approach, since it disrupts the protective mechanism of NF-kappaB activated by TNF. To test this approach in gliomas, we introduced a superrepressor of NF-kappaB, an N-terminal deleted form of inhibitor kappa B alpha (IkappaBdN) gene, to human glioma cells (U251 and U-373MG) via adenoviral vector (Adv) in the presence of TNF. U-373MG cells were refractory to TNF-induced apoptosis even when they were transduced with the IkappaBdN gene. On the other hand, transduction of IkappaBdN drastically augmented caspase-8-mediated apoptosis in U-373MG cells. Similar results were obtained in U251 cells. Cotransduction of IkappaBdN and caspase-8 induced cleavage of PARP. Taken together, Adv-mediated transfer of IkappaBdN plus caspase-8 may be a promising therapeutic approach to treat gliomas.
Why do some adult birds skip breeding? A hormonal investigation in a long-lived bird

Skipping reproduction is often observed in long-lived organisms, but proximate mechanisms remain poorly understood. Since young and/or very old snow petrels (Pagodroma nivea) commonly skip breeding, we tested whether they are physiologically able to breed during the pre-laying stage. To do so, we measured the ability of known-age (11–45 years old) petrels to release luteinizing hormone (LH, a crucial driver for breeding), by injecting exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Although young petrels exhibited low baseline LH levels, they were able to elevate LH levels after a GnRH challenge. Moreover, young and very old petrels showed a stronger decrease in LH levels after the 10 min post-GnRH injection compared with middle-aged petrels. Birds that skipped breeding were as able as breeders to release LH after a GnRH challenge, indicating that they had functional pituitaries. However, the decision to skip reproduction was linked to a strong LH decrease after the 10 min post-GnRH injection. Our result suggests that the youngest and the oldest petrels fail to maintain elevated baseline LH levels, thereby do not initiate reproductive activities. Skipping reproduction in long-lived birds probably results from age-related changes in the dynamics of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis function.
Collagen Shortening: An Experimental Approach With Heat

Decreasing joint laxity is a clinical goal of ligament reconstructions. This in vitro study examined the structural and histologic effects of heat shrinkage of human collagen. Two preliminary studies were performed to assess the effect of heat on fresh frozen human tendons obtained from a local tissue bank. As heat was applied to tissue in a saline solution, the percent shrinkage was plotted against temperature. A second study used a freebeam Nd:YAG laser to maximally shrink patellar tendons measuring percent shrinkage versus energy applied. Finally, the effects of 10% shrinkage of fresh frozen human patellar tendons were analyzed mechanically and histologically. Consistent tendon shrinkage curves were found with increasing temperatures in a saline solution. A sharp increase in shrinkage to approximately 70% of resting length was noted around 70° C. Tendon shrinkage by laser induced heat was precise and dose related. Tensile testing of the tendons shortened 10% of their resting length showed a decrease in load to failure to approximately ⅓ compared with that of historical control specimens. Histologic sections showed a well demarcated site of diffuse denaturation and degeneration of collagenous elements. Normal collagen was present adjacent to these thermal changes. These experiments showed that collagen tissue can be shortened precisely by the application of heat. Future studies need to examine the in vivo biologic response of shortened collagen tissue with time, especially recollagenization, restoration of length, and the long term biomechanical effects.
Programming by demonstration of probabilistic decision making on a multi-modal service robot

In this paper we propose a process which is able to generate abstract service robot mission representations, utilized during execution for autonomous, probabilistic decision making, by observing human demonstrations. The observation process is based on the same perceptive components as used by the robot during execution, recording dialog between humans, human motion as well as objects poses. This leads to a natural, practical learning process, avoiding extra demonstration centers or kinesthetic teaching. By generating mission models for probabilistic decision making as Partially observable Markov decision processes, the robot is able to deal with uncertain and dynamic environments, as encountered in real world settings during execution. Service robot missions in a cafeteria setting, including the modalities of mobility, natural human-robot interaction and object grasping, have been learned and executed by this system.
A Framework for Self-Healing and Self-Adaptation of Cloud-Hosted Web-Based Applications

The adaptation of a cloud infrastructure is an ongoing process. Cloud adaptation aims to provide the cloud infrastructure with the necessary computational resources to meet the agreed SLAs and, simultaneously, optimize the resources usage. In a cloud, the consumers are typically limited to the SLAs defined in advance with the cloud service provider. This creates a strong dependence in the cloud provider, and gives little room for maneuver when the cloud customers need to adapt the infrastructure very quickly to avoid service degradations. In this paper we present a framework that aims to reduce this gap. The SHõWA framework is targeted for self-healing Web-based applications. It detects workload and performance anomalies from the consumer perspective and interacts with the cloud service provider to dynamically adjust the infrastructure. From the experimental study conducted, is noteworthy the role of SHõWA to avoid the degradation of service upon the occurrence of load and resource contention scenarios.
Current Collegiate Experiences of Big-Time, Non-Revenue, NCAA Athletes

Over the past 30 years experiences of collegiate athletes have been a major focus of scholarly research. Through well-known works, student-athletes’ roles and personal development have been cornerstones of this new knowledge base (Adler & Adler, 1991; Lapchick, 1987). However, an understanding of the big-time athlete who also participates in nonrevenue sports1 is grossly under-represented in the literature. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the benefits and challenges that athletes in these sports (e.g., tennis, soccer, golf, track and field, etc.) currently experience. Interviews were conducted with 30 collegiate athletes—who were chosen at random from a sample pool of 9,231 athletes around the country—that focused on the types of benefits and the specific challenges that these athletes face while attending college. Results revealed current benefits of being a big-time, nonrevenue college athlete were very heterogeneous with a total of 24 distinct themes mentioned. The most popular of these .
Phytoextraction and Phytofiltration of Arsenic

Arsenic, a ubiquitous contaminant in groundwater and soils, is currently drawing much public attention. Arsenic-contaminated soils can be cleaned up via phytoextraction-the use of plants to extract the arsenic from soil and transport it into aboveground tissues. Arsenic removal from polluted soils can be carried out using hyperaccumulator ferns like the Chinese brake fern Pteris vittata, which accumulates very high concentrations of the element in aboveground tissues. The capacity of the plant to take up large concentrations of arsenic, even at low levels in soil, illustrates efficient bioaccumulation. The possibility of using Pteris ferns to remove arsenic from water by phytofiltration has been proposed.
Assembly partitioning along simple paths: the case of multiple translations

We consider the following problem that arises in assembly planning: given an assembly, identify a subassembly that can be removed as a rigid object without disturbing the rest of the assembly. This is the assembly partitioning problem. Specifically, we consider planar assemblies of simple polygons and subassembly removal paths consisting of a single finite translation followed by a translation to infinity. Such paths are typical of the capabilities of simple actuators in fixed automation and other high-volume assembly machines. We present a polynomial-time algorithm to identify such a subassembly and removal path. We discuss extending the algorithm to 3D, other types of motions typical in non-robotic automated assembly, and motions consisting of more than two translations.
Group quantization of parametrized systems. I. Time levels

A method of quantizing parametrized systems is developed that is based on a kind of ‘‘gauge invariant’’ quantities—the so‐called perennials (a perennial must also be an ‘‘integral of motion’’). The problem of time in its particular form (frozen time formalism, global problem of time, multiple choice problem) is met, as well as a related difficulty characteristic for this type of theory: the paucity of perennials. The present paper is an attempt to find some remedy in the ideas on ‘‘forms of relativistic dynamics’’ by Dirac. Some aspects of Dirac’s theory are generalized to all finite‐dimensional first‐class parametrized systems. The generalization is based on replacing the Poincare group and the algebra of its generators as used by Dirac by a canonical group of symmetries and by an algebra of elementary perennials. A number of insights are gained; the following are the main results. First, conditions are revealed under which the time evolution of the ordinary quantum mechanics, or a generalization of it, .
Who Takes Risks When and Why?

Life is full of risky decisions, from the mundane to matters of life or death. Individuals differ in the risks they accept (or even deliberately embrace). However, risk taking is not a single trait but is a behavior influenced by characteristics of the situation (what the decision is about and to what extent it engages affect vs. deliberation), the decision maker (age and gender), and interactions between situation and decision maker. Understanding the mechanisms behind risk taking—or who takes risks when and why—is particularly important when the goal is to influence and modify the behavior.
MANAGEMENT OF INFLAMMATORY NEUROPATHIES

Inflammatory neuropathies are uncommon but important to diagnose because they are treatable. This review summarises the clinical approach to diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), and related neuropathies which are thought to be caused by direct autoimmune attack on peripheral nerves. Features that suggest that a neuropathy is likely to be inflammatory include loss of reflexes without muscle wasting, elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein, positive sensory symptoms such as pain or tingling, asymmetry, and proximal weakness. Nerve conduction studies show features of demyelination, especially motor nerve conduction block and temporal dispersion. Inflammatory neuropathy has been arbitrarily classified according to the time from symptom onset until maximal severity, where “acute” is less than four weeks and “chronic” is more than eight weeks, with a rare intermediate “subacute” group. Assessing the efficacy of potential treatments is difficult because the natural history is variable and may include spontaneous improvement. However, some progress has been made in conducting the randomised trials and systematic reviews as a basis for management decisions. ### Definition GBS is a clinically defined syndrome with several underlying pathologies. It affects 1–4 per 100 000 per year, men slightly more often than women. Diagnostic criteria1 include progressive weakness of two or more limbs reaching a maximum within four weeks, reduced or absent tendon reflexes in the weak limbs, and exclusion of alternative causes (box 1). 2 Some cases may be so mild that medical attention is never sought. Most cases are caused by acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP), but some are caused by acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) or acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN). 3 Primary axonal GBS is thought to be caused by an autoimmune attack on axonal antigens, and is common in Asia, but is responsible for less than 5% of GBS …
Transformational Project Manager: An Enabler of an Enterprise Resource Planning Implementation Success

ERP business solution drives and improves business performance, meet business needs, support short and long term business strategic direction, but does not have the capability to make key business decisions on its own. ERP system provides data to assist people in orchestrating and making key business decisions that delivers increase return on investments. In ERP implementation project management, people (team, managements, and users) perspectives are the most challenging aspect to deal with. However, they are the most critical and important factor that determines whether ERP system implementation project will be a success or a failure. Transformational project manager set visions and goals, create new opportunities and values, and integrate and coordinate team diverse perspectives. He undertakes strategic and nonlinear thinking, and utilizes other people’s expertise, skills, and abilities, and develops new talents and human capital. In this research we used leadership behavioural characteristics and critical success factors of ERP implementation to develop the underlying transformational leadership core competence qualities of project manager, modelled leadership core competence of an ERP implementation project, and assessed how each of the leadership core competence quality relates to the ERP implementation success by using primary data obtained from respondents who participated as ERP implementation project team members. We believe that the leadership core competence qualities and the leadership core competence model will serve as ERP implementation toolkit, assists in the selection and development of training program for transformational project manager.
UDL in the Middle School Science Classroom

This article examined the performance of 57 students with learning disabilities (LD) from four middle schools. Students were followed over the course of a school year in their inclusive science classrooms as they alternated between the use of traditional curricular materials for some units of study and materials that were supplemented with video games and alternative print-based texts to more closely align with Universal Design for Learning (UDL) guidelines during other units. Findings indicate that video games and supplemental text were effective at providing students with multiple means of representation and expression. The UDL-aligned units led to heightened levels of student engagement. There were no significant differences on posttest scores when students with LD were compared with peers without LD. Students’ performance did not indicate significant differences between UDL-aligned units and those taught using traditional curricular materials. Findings suggest a need for alternative assessments to measure learning outcomes during UDL-aligned units. Implications for practice and areas of future research are discussed.
Towards a thermodynamics of control: Entropy, energy and Kalman filtering

We propose a method to analyse the flows of information and energy between two systems (plant and controller) connected in feedback. Extending a work by Touchette and Lloyd (2000, 2004), we estimate the advantage, both in terms of entropy reduction and energy extraction, of a feedback controller over an open-loop control in terms of the information on the plant state that is available to the controller. By energy here we mean any objective function that we seek to minimize, for example the square of the state. We apply this methodology on the Kalman filter, and develop a physical interpretation comparable to Mitter and Newton's (2005).
Classroom Assessment Practices and Teachers' Self-Perceived Assessment Skills

This study investigates teachers' assessment practices across teaching levels and content areas, as well as teachers' self-perceived assessment skills as a function of teaching experience and measurement training. Data from 297 teachers on the Assessment Practices Inventory were analyzed in a MANOVA design. As grade level increases, teachers rely more on objective tests in classroom assessment and show an increased concern for assessment quality (p < .001). Across content areas, teachers' involvement in assessment activities reflects the nature and importance of the subjects they teach (p < .001). Regardless of teaching experience, teachers with measurement training report a higher level of self-perceived assessment skills in using performance measures; in standardized testing, test revision, and instructional improvement; as well as in communicating assessment results (p < .05) than those without measurement training. The implications of the results for measurement training are also discussed.