Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting students’ attitudes towards advertising on a university Virtual Learning Environment (VLE)

Most if not all UK universities and many in other parts of the world support their student learning via a virtual learning environment (VLE). Online resources are going to be increasingly important to students as the internet is very much part of their lives. However, the VLE will require ongoing investment to keep pace with technological developments and student expectations, and at a time when public funding of UK universities is being cut. One funding method could be from advertising on the VLE. This study investigates students’ attitudes towards advertising being included within a university’s VLE learning system. A 10-item questionnaire was randomly administered to students enrolled on undergraduate business and management courses at two universities. The study reveals that students show positive attitudes towards advertising included on a VLE. The findings also indicate that students do not view internet advertising on a VLE as intrusive, and may well be receptive towards the advertisements. These findings have implications for understanding students’ attitude towards a VLE and also to the future (if any) of advertising on VLEs within the higher education sector.
X-ray Fluorescence Measurements of Manganese in Petroglyphs and Graffiti in the Bluff , Utah Area

Desert varnish accumulates with time through a microbial process that binds clay minerals to the rock surface. Manganese (Mn) is a significant elemental component of desert varnish that is often at trace levels in the substrate rock. As such, under certain conditions, it may be possible to estimate the age of rock art using Mn levels, Lytle (2008). In this work we use x-ray fluorescence (XRF) to measure Mn levels in the desert varnish of re-patinated petroglyphs and use dated graffiti for date-calibration. In the first application of this idea, we measured Mn levels in several petroglyphs and graffiti in the Bluff, Utah area. We measured approximately 3 μg/cm2 of Mn in two Sand Island graffiti and about 10 times that amount in the adjacent petroglyphs. If a linear Mn accumulation model is assumed, the age of two Sand Island petroglyphs is calculated to be approximately 400 years which is much younger than one would estimate based on style. For a lightly-patinated panel near the River House site on Comb Wash we measured between 1.0 2.2 μg/cm2 of Mn in two graffiti and about the same for two adjacent petroglyphs; so age in this case cannot be determined. We believe that more research leading to a better understanding of desert varnish accumulation is needed before Mn measurements can be used to reliably date petroglyphs.
An Analysis of THD in Class D Amplifiers

The paper investigates the parameters affecting THD and PSRR in a PWM class D amplifiers with feedback. From our mathematical analysis, the authors show that the THD and PSRR of a PWM class D Amplifiers with feedback can be improved by shaping the frequency response of the 2nd-order integrator. The paper also shows how the THD can be further improved by means of dual-loop feedback. Simulation shows that the THD of the single-loop and the dual-loop feedback class D amplifiers can be improved by as much as 3 times and 12 times respectively
Performance Standards, Student Effort on Homework, and Academic Achievement.

Recent reports on the state of American schools have focused on the standards for student performance. Using a sample of 12,146 students from 20 public high schools, we estimate the effects of teachers', parents', and peers' standards on student effort and achievement while controlling for the effects of student background factors. Teachers', parents', and peers' standards each have a positive and significant effect on the time students spend on homework. The effects of performance standards on achievement are mixed. Teachers' and peers' standards have small positive effects, and parents' standards have larger negative effects. We offer interpretations of this pattern and suggestions for testing these interpretations in future studies.
Children with Social Handicaps: An Intervention Programme Using a Theory of Mind Approach

The development of the child's `theory of mind' is the subject of considerable research interest. An important part of this work is concerned with children's understanding of mental states and recognition of emotions. Both areas are relevant to how children function in social situations and are likely to play an important role in socially skilled behaviour. We describe an approach in which `theory of mind' ideas are applied in a social skills-intervention programmes. The intervention programme is described, and its evaluation indicates that this type of training has a positive effect on the development of social skills.
A pharmaco-EEG study of the interaction between ethanol and retigabine in rabbits

Abstract Background: Retigabine is a new antiepileptic drug with multiple mechanisms of action. It may well interact with ethanol, as both have an influence on GABA-ergic and glutamate neurotransmission. Objectives: To assess the effect of retigabine, administered as single or repeated doses, on ethanol-induced changes in the bioelectric activity of selected brain structures in rabbits. Methods: 30 rabbits were used to assess the effect of retigabine on ethanol-induced changes in EEGs using the pharmaco-EEG method. Retigabine was administered p.o. as a single dose (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) or repeatedly at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day for 14 days. Ethanol was injected i.v. at a dose of 0.8 g/kg 60 min after the administration of retigabine. Results: Retigabine, administered as a single high or low dose, increased the depressive effect of an acute dose of ethanol on the bioelectric activity of the frontal cortex in rabbits. These changes were also visible in the recordings from the hippocampus and midbrain reticular formation after administration of a high dose of the drug. Retigabine administered in repeated doses decreased ethanol-induced changes in the rabbit EEG recordings from the hippocampus. Conclusion: Retigabine in multiple doses decreases the sensitivity of the hippocampus to an acute dose of ethanol in rabbits. Given the role of hippocampal-related memory processes to addiction, retigabine may have therapeutic potential.
BINDING OF MN2+ TO NUCLEIC ACIDS.

Measurements of the nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times T1 and T2 of the water protons in aqueous solutions of nucleic acids and magnetic metal ions allow one to determine details about the metal‐ion binding. When Mn2+ is bound, the rotation of its hydration sphere becomes slower, so that its effectiveness in reducing the proton T1 from its value in pure water is enhanced. This relaxation enhancement has been measured for Mn2+ bound to DNA, RNA, synthetic polynucleotides, and E. coli ribosomes. Compared to water as unity, the enhancement factors range from 3.7 for polyuridylic acid to 16.7 for polyadenylic acid. The equilibrium constants for binding, and the concentration of binding sites have been calculated from the dependence of enhancement upon Mn2+ concentration.
Multiagent control of self-reconfigurable robots

We demonstrate how multiagent systems provide useful control techniques for modular self-reconfigurable (metamorphic) robots. Such robots consist of many modules that can move relative to each other thereby changing the overall shape of the robot to suit different tasks. Multiagent control is particularly well-suited for tasks involving uncertain and changing environments. We illustrate this approach through simulation experiments of Proteo, a metamorphic robot system currently underdevelopment.
Generating tailored summary of scientific paper from Rhetorical Document Profile

The purpose of reading a scientific paper is to look for specific information. Generating Rhetorical Document Profile (RDP) of a scientific paper has yielded a frame of important information of the paper. In the RDP, all sentences has been grouped into fifteen rhetorical slots stating the intention to be conveyed to the reader by the author, such as aim, other related work, method, previous research, etc. However, RDP in the form of frame is not user friendly to be understood easily by various end user. A paper summary could be a solution. RDP can be processed to provide a tailored summary, the summary in accordance with the reader's task, background, and the length of the summary. Therefore, this study aims to build a system that can generate tailored summary from RDP.
Blue Cone Monochromacy: Visual Function and Efficacy Outcome Measures for Clinical Trials

Background Blue Cone Monochromacy (BCM) is an X-linked retinopathy caused by mutations in the OPN1LW / OPN1MW gene cluster, encoding long (L)- and middle (M)-wavelength sensitive cone opsins. Recent evidence shows sufficient structural integrity of cone photoreceptors in BCM to warrant consideration of a gene therapy approach to the disease. In the present study, the vision in BCM is examined, specifically seeking clinically-feasible outcomes for a future clinical trial. Methods BCM patients (n = 25, ages 5–72) were studied with kinetic and static chromatic perimetry, full-field sensitivity testing, and eye movement recordings. Vision at the fovea and parafovea was probed with chromatic microperimetry. Results Kinetic fields with a Goldmann size V target were generally full. Short-wavelength (S-) sensitive cone function was normal or near normal in most patients. Light-adapted perimetry results on conventional background lights were abnormally reduced; 600-nm stimuli were seen by rods whereas white stimuli were seen by both rods and S-cones. Under dark-adapted conditions, 500-nm stimuli were seen by rods in both BCM and normals. Spectral sensitivity functions in the superior retina showed retained rod and S-cone functions in BCM under dark-adapted and light-adapted conditions. In the fovea, normal subjects showed L/M-cone mediation using a 650-nm stimulus under dark-adapted conditions, whereas BCM patients had reduced sensitivity driven by rod vision. Full-field red stimuli on bright blue backgrounds were seen by L/M-cones in normal subjects whereas BCM patients had abnormally reduced and rod-mediated sensitivities. Fixation location could vary from fovea to parafovea. Chromatic microperimetry demonstrated a large loss of sensitivity to red stimuli presented on a cyan adapting background at the anatomical fovea and surrounding parafovea. Conclusions BCM rods continue to signal vision under conditions normally associated with daylight vision. Localized and retina-wide outcome measures were examined to evaluate possible improvement of L/M-cone-based vision in a clinical trial.
The Social Ontology of Virtual Environments

This paper analyzes the ontological structure of institutional and other social entities in virtual environments. The emphasis is on institutional reality, which consists of entities (objects, events, etc.) like money, contracts, and chess pieces, which are constituted in part through collective agreements. It is studied how institutional entities are constructed in virtual environments, how they relate to institutional entities in the real world, and how they are recognized by users.
How Is Testing Supposed to Improve Schooling?

Validation research for educational achievement tests is often limited to an examination of intended test score interpretations. This article calls for an expansion of validation research in three dimensions. First, validation must attend to actual test use and its consequences, not just score meaning. Second, validation must attend to unintended as well as intended testing consequences. Third, validation must attend to indirect as well as direct testing effects. Indirect effects include the effects of score-based incentives in prompting actions intended to raise test scores (directing student effort or focusing the system) as well as messaging effects associated with a testing program per se but not dependent on specific scores (shaping perceptions). This expanded program of test validation can best be accomplished by measurement professionals working in collaboration with scholars from other social science disciplines.
Professional Accounting Education in Indonesia: Evidence on Competence and Professional Commitment

This study aims at examining whether accounting graduates whohave achieved the Professional Accounting Education (PAE)certification possess a higher competency level compared to thosewho do not yet have PAE certification The study also examineswhether those who possess a PAE certificate have better commitmentto their career as public accountants than their counterparts who donot possess PAE certificates. The population of this study consists ofauditors or accountants who work in public accounting firms inJakarta. The population is divided into two sub populationsconsisting of junior auditors and senior auditors (supervisor,manager and partner). The sample of each sub population wasselected using the ‘judgmental’ method. In order to examine thecompetency and commitment of junior auditors who had passed thePAE, we used case studies to test them; while questionnaires wereused to obtain the perceptions of senior auditors regarding thecompetency and commitment of junior auditors. The findings revealthat the competency and commitment of junior auditors who possessPAE certificates are significantly higher than those with no PAEcertification. This implies that PAE has made accountants or auditorsmore professional, suggesting that auditors ought to possess PAEcertification.Keywords: Professional Accounting Education, Commitment, Competency,Professional Accountant
Understanding IR: understanding Gramsci

Randall D. Germain and Michael Kenny's valuable 'Engaging Gramsci: International Theory and the New Gramscians'Review of International Studies, 24:1 (1998), pp. 3-21. alerts Anglophone IR scholars to broader debates about Gramsci's theories that are rarely highlighted by scholars in the (somewhat misnamed) 'Italian School'. Just as Germain and Kenny have offered one way to contextualize Gramsci's contributions within the intellectual and social world that was the immediate object of his analysis, it is equally important to put the work of Anglophone 'Gramscian' scholars in its own immediate context in order to clarify why the 'Gramsci' that so many of us have found helpful was the historicist and 'idealist' who, as Germain and Kenny's article suggests, is only one of the many Gramscis that can be identified through historically grounded close readings of the Sardinian's words and deeds.
Viability of Crowd-Volunteered Open Research Reviews Malay

In this study, we examine the feasibility of reviewing research publications through crowdsourcing. We propose a post-publication review model where the research materials are posted online for the crowd volunteers to review. One such platform, named PuGLi, is prepared and the data collected from it is analyzed. The analysis raises some interesting questions related to the challenges of attracting crowd volunteers, determining truthfulness of opinions, and obtaining the final judgment from multiple opinions received from the crowd.
A pragmatic view on engaged scholarship in accounting research

Purpose - – This paper aims to discuss the question of how the possible gaps between academic and practical accounting research can be reduced and how academics could make a contribution to solving the practical problems of organizations. Design/methodology/approach - – A reflection on Van de Ven and Johnson's ideas about “engaged scholarship” as a way for overcoming the gap between academic and practical knowledge creation, illustrated with examples coming from public sector accounting research. Findings - – Although academic consultant/researchers, who conduct research of direct relevance to practice, ideally must have research objectives in mind that go beyond the practical problems of the organization in order to address academically relevant goals, this is often not feasible. This is due to the fact that academically relevant research questions can often only be identified when a practice-oriented research project has already taken shape. The authors argue and illustrate that a pragmatic form of engaged scholarship in public sector accounting research implies that such research results in a variety of outputs. Some of the outputs will have direct relevance to the practitioners and others to the academics involved, whilst the outputs that are relevant to each of these two groups will only partly show connections and overlaps. Practical implications - – The preoccupation of academic researchers with publications in high-ranking journals, due to pressures from their universities and peer groups, threatens research projects with a potential relevance for practice, because their publication opportunities are uncertain in advance. The authors welcome researchers who want to take this type of risk, and the authors challenge university officials and journal editors to broaden their view on excellence in research beyond the scope of their traditional academic domains. Originality/value - – The paper offers a realistic way out of serving two seemingly different research goals, practice-relevance and academic rigour.
New bright soft X-ray selected ROSAT AGN II. Optical emission line properties

We present the emission line properties of a sample of 76 bright soft X-ray selected ROSAT Active Galactic Nuclei. All optical counterparts are Seyfert 1 galaxies with rather narrow permitted lines, strong optical FeII line blends, and weak forbidden lines. By selection, they also have steep soft X-ray spectra when compared with typical Seyfert 1 galaxies. We discuss possible origins of these peculiar trends employing detailed correlation analyses, including a Principal Component Analysis. The optical spectra are presented in the Appendix.
Multilevel cooperative coevolution for large scale optimization

In this paper, we propose a multilevel cooperative coevolution (MLCC) framework for large scale optimization problems. The motivation is to improve our previous work on grouping based cooperative coevolution (EACC-G), which has a hard-to-determine parameter, group size, in tackling problem decomposition. The problem decomposer takes group size as parameter to divide the objective vector into low dimensional subcomponents with a random grouping strategy. In the MLCC, a set of problem decomposers is constructed based on the random grouping strategy with different group sizes. The evolution process is divided into a number of cycles, and at the start of each cycle MLCC uses a self-adapted mechanism to select a decomposer according to its historical performance. Since different group sizes capture different interaction levels between the original objective variables, MLCC is able to self-adapt among different levels. The efficacy of the proposed MLCC is evaluated on the set of benchmark functions provided by CECpsila2008 special session.
Prognostic markers and their clinical applicability in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: where do we stand?

Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease where the majority of patients have an indolent disease course, while others may experience a far more aggressive disease, treatment failure and poor overall survival. During the last two decades, there has been an intense search to find novel biomarkers that can predict prognosis as well as guide treatment decisions. Two of the most reliable molecular prognostic markers, both of which are offered in routine diagnostics, are the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV) gene mutational status and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) detection of prognostically relevant genomic aberrations (e.g. 11q−, 13q−, +12 and 17p−). In addition to these markers, a myriad of additional biomarkers have been postulated as potential prognosticators in CLL, on the protein (e.g. CD38, ZAP70, TCL1), the RNA (e.g. LPL, CLLU1, micro-RNAs) and the genomic (e.g. TP53, NOTCH1, SF3B1 and BIRC3 mutations) level. Efforts are now being made to test these novel markers in larger patient cohorts as well as in prospective trials, with the ultimate goal to combine the “best” markers in a “CLL prognostic index” applicable for the individual patient. Although it is clear that these studies have significantly improved our knowledge regarding both prognostication and the biology of the disease, there is still an immediate need for recognizing biomarkers that can predict therapy response, and efforts should now focus on addressing this pertinent issue. In the present article, we review the extensive literature in the field of prognostic markers in CLL, focus on the most clinically relevant markers and discuss future directions regarding biomarkers in CLL.
Effects of Single-Sex and Coeducational Schooling on the Gender Gap in Educational Achievement

This study examined the effects of single-sex and coeducational schooling on the gender gap in educational achievement to age 25. Data were drawn from the Christchurch Health and Development Study, a longitudinal study of a birth cohort of 1265 individuals born in 1977 in Christchurch, New Zealand. After adjustment for a series of covariates related to school choice, there were significant differences between single-sex and coeducational schools in the size and direction of the gender gap. At coeducational schools, there was a statistically significant gap favouring females, while at single-sex schools there was a non-significant gap favouring males. This pattern was apparent for educational achievement both at high school and in tertiary education. These results indicate that single-sex schooling may mitigate male disadvantages in educational achievement.
SOCIAL PERCEPTION OF THE HUMAN VOICE: PERCEIVER ATTUNEMENT TO THE VOCAL SPECIFICATION OF SPEAKER PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

The human voice is a common and important part of the social environment. In addition to being the primary carrier of language, there is growing evidence that the sound of a person‟s voice contains a great deal of socially relevant information. Drawing on a functional approach to perception, the current research investigated the attunement of social perceivers to the vocal specification of speaker physical properties. An initial study developed a set of vocal samples for use in subsequent perceptual studies, and conducted exploratory analyses investigating relationships between speaker vocal and physical characteristics. Significant differences in the acoustic properties of male and female voices were identified, but the relationships between acoustic properties and speaker age, body size, and body configuration were less robust. Study 2 investigated the ability of listeners to accurately perceive the physical characteristics of speakers from vocal information. Perceivers made assessments of speaker physical characteristics that were highly consensual and that accurately reflected speaker sex, age, and body size. Studies 3 and 4 investigated perceiver judgments of vocal attractiveness. In Study 3, both male and female perceivers rated the voices of male speakers with lower indices of body asymmetry (a marker of genotypic and phenotypic condition) as more attractive. However, for female perceivers it was shown that this relationship is influenced by changes in fertility levels associated with the menstrual cycle. At times of high fertility female perceivers displayed a stronger attraction to the voices of male speakers with low asymmetry than they did at times of low fertility. This finding was interpreted as a functional shift increasing attraction to males possessing phenotypic markers of high fitness when the likelihood of conception is highest. Study 4 considered the effects of menstrual cycle variation on the voices of female speakers. Both male and female perceivers rated female voices recorded during a phase of high fertility to be more attractive than the same voices recorded during a phase of low fertility. This finding extends previous research