Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of a sexual assault resistance program for university women.

BACKGROUND Young women attending university are at substantial risk for being sexually assaulted, primarily by male acquaintances, but effective strategies to reduce this risk remain elusive. METHODS We randomly assigned first-year female students at three universities in Canada to the Enhanced Assess, Acknowledge, Act Sexual Assault Resistance program (resistance group) or to a session providing access to brochures on sexual assault, as was common university practice (control group). The resistance program consists of four 3-hour units in which information is provided and skills are taught and practiced, with the goal of being able to assess risk from acquaintances, overcome emotional barriers in acknowledging danger, and engage in effective verbal and physical self-defense. The primary outcome was completed rape, as measured by the Sexual Experiences Survey-Short Form Victimization, during 1 year of follow-up. RESULTS A total of 451 women were assigned to the resistance group and 442 women to the control group. Of the women assigned to the resistance group, 91% attended at least three of the four units. The 1-year risk of completed rape was significantly lower in the resistance group than in the control group (5.2% vs. 9.8%; relative risk reduction, 46.3% [95% confidence interval, 6.8 to 69.1]; P=0.02). The 1-year risk of attempted rape was also significantly lower in the resistance group (3.4% vs. 9.3%, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS A rigorously designed and executed sexual assault resistance program was successful in decreasing the occurrence of rape, attempted rape, and other forms of victimization among first-year university women. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the University of Windsor; SARE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01338428.).
Symplectic-energy-momentum preserving variational integrators

The purpose of this paper is to develop variational integrators for conservative mechanical systems that are symplectic and energy and momentum conserving. To do this, a space–time view of variational integrators is employed and time step adaptation is used to impose the constraint of conservation of energy. Criteria for the solvability of the time steps and some numerical examples are given.
Perception of Verbal Communication of the Teacher in the Classroom by Pupils of Different Genders (Females-Males)

Verbal communication which mainly provided through the word is a form of communication which is realized not only in life but also in the teaching process. This kind of communication during the teaching process should not only serve to simplify reality, for transmission and organization of knowledge, to remind the experience of the past, but should also aim at the creation of a favorable climate in the classroom, as well as encouraging pupils for the higher results cognitive and affective. But equally is perceived, and has a difference in his meaning by the pupils of different genders (females-males), and whether this affects the school performance of these students? These and other aspects of communication are the main object of this research. Through this study aims to explore how are perceived some aspects of verbal communication to the teachers, to the pupils of different genders, and to identify the correlation between the perception of verbal communication of the teacher and school performance of students. To achieve the objectives of the paper were conducted on the ground survey at middle school, asking at the same time students of different genders, ages, classes and different levels, distributed in four cities of Albania. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2016. v5n3s1p295
A Ranking of Journals in Economics and Related Fields

Abstract This paper presents an update of the ranking of economics journals by the invariant method, as introduced by Palacio-Huerta and Volij, with a broader sample of journals. By comparison with the two other most prominent rankings, it also proposes a list of ‘target journals’, ranked according to their quality, as a standard for the field of economics.
Cellular Levels and Binding of c-di-GMP Control Subcellular Localization and Activity of the Vibrio cholerae Transcriptional Regulator VpsT

The second messenger, cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP), regulates diverse cellular processes in bacteria. C-di-GMP is produced by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs), degraded by phosphodiesterases (PDEs), and receptors couple c-di-GMP production to cellular responses. In many bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae, multiple DGCs and PDEs contribute to c-di-GMP signaling, and it is currently unclear whether the compartmentalization of c-di-GMP signaling components is required to mediate c-di-GMP signal transduction. In this study we show that the transcriptional regulator, VpsT, requires c-di-GMP binding for subcellular localization and activity. Only the additive deletion of five DGCs markedly decreases the localization of VpsT, while single deletions of each DGC do not impact VpsT localization. Moreover, mutations in residues required for c-di-GMP binding, c-di-GMP-stabilized dimerization and DNA binding of VpsT abrogate wild type localization and activity. VpsT does not co-localize or interact with DGCs suggesting that c-di-GMP from these DGCs diffuses to VpsT, supporting a model in which c-di-GMP acts at a distance. Furthermore, VpsT localization in a heterologous host, Escherichia coli, requires a catalytically active DGC and is enhanced by the presence of VpsT-target sequences. Our data show that c-di-GMP signaling can be executed through an additive cellular c-di-GMP level from multiple DGCs affecting the localization and activity of a c-di-GMP receptor and furthers our understanding of the mechanisms of second messenger signaling.
Statistical Cluster Analysis of the British Thoracic Society Severe Refractory Asthma Registry: Clinical Outcomes and Phenotype Stability

Background Severe refractory asthma is a heterogeneous disease. We sought to determine statistical clusters from the British Thoracic Society Severe refractory Asthma Registry and to examine cluster-specific outcomes and stability. Methods Factor analysis and statistical cluster modelling was undertaken to determine the number of clusters and their membership (N = 349). Cluster-specific outcomes were assessed after a median follow-up of 3 years. A classifier was programmed to determine cluster stability and was validated in an independent cohort of new patients recruited to the registry (n = 245). Findings Five clusters were identified. Cluster 1 (34%) were atopic with early onset disease, cluster 2 (21%) were obese with late onset disease, cluster 3 (15%) had the least severe disease, cluster 4 (15%) were the eosinophilic with late onset disease and cluster 5 (15%) had significant fixed airflow obstruction. At follow-up, the proportion of subjects treated with oral corticosteroids increased in all groups with an increase in body mass index. Exacerbation frequency decreased significantly in clusters 1, 2 and 4 and was associated with a significant fall in the peripheral blood eosinophil count in clusters 2 and 4. Stability of cluster membership at follow-up was 52% for the whole group with stability being best in cluster 2 (71%) and worst in cluster 4 (25%). In an independent validation cohort, the classifier identified the same 5 clusters with similar patient distribution and characteristics. Interpretation Statistical cluster analysis can identify distinct phenotypes with specific outcomes. Cluster membership can be determined using a classifier, but when treatment is optimised, cluster stability is poor.
Sleep deprivation in the rat: an update of the 1989 paper.

The introduction to this series of papers20 emphasized that sleep deprivation studies are essentially correlational. We administer stimuli that produce the responses of sleep reduction and the responses of physiological or behavioral change. These are correlated responses. We cannot confidently interpret the physiological and behavioral changes as effects of the sleep loss until we can discount the plausibility of other putative mediators of the physiological and behavioral change that are produced by the experimental situation. Two alternative mediators have been suggested: loss of circadian rhythm and stress.
THE EVOLUTION OF COOPERATION Four paths to the evolution and maintenance of cooperative behavior

The ants and termites have renounced the 'Hobbesian war,' and they are the better for it. Their wonderful nests, their buildings, superior in size relative to man; their paved roads and overground vaulted galleries; their spacious halls and granaries; their cornfields, harvesting and 'malting' grain; their rational method of nursing eggs and larvae, and of building special nests for rearing aphids whom Linnaeus so picturesquely describes as 'the cows of the ants' and finally, their courage, pluck and superior intelligence--all these are the normal outcome of the mutual aid which they practice at every stage of their busy and laborious lives. (Kropotkin 1908, p. 37)
Mincle is a long sought receptor for mycobacterial cord factor

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a leading killer worldwide, yet the adjuvancy of its cell wall has proven to be a valuable therapeutic tool for vaccination and immunotherapy. Much research effort has focused on the mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose-6,6’-dimycolate (TDM), a potent immunostimulant that is also known as cord factor. Now, the identification of the monocyte-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) as an essential receptor for TDM provides new insight into the formation of the characteristic granulomas in tuberculosis and an avenue for rational adjuvant design.
Review on the effectiveness of agile unified process in software development with vague system requirements

Agile Unified Process (AUP) has been known as a suitable methodology for small-to-medium software development projects. This methodology focuses on the rapid iterations, small and frequent releases, capable of handling changing requirements from user, and involving user in the software development process. However, little is known that AUP can be effectively used for vague and incomplete system requirements. This study reveals how AUP is the most suitable software development methodology for such system requirements. An owner of a local gold jewelry store wishes to develop a new computerized system, but he does not know the system requirements for the software to be built. The purpose of the software is to help the owner in monitoring and controlling the main business processes in the jewelry store. In the beginning of the software development, it is very hard for the owner to mention what he really needs. However, since the owner is actively involved during the software development, he can slowly refine the system requirements with the help from the development team. AUP Phases can be accurately followed and proved to be very useful and suitable for the vague system requirements. Rapid iterations, small and frequent releases of the software modules lead to the completion of the software project on time. The resulting software is successfully tested with live transactions.
Enumerating perfect forms

A positive definite quadratic form is called perfect, if it is uniquely determined by its arithmetical minimum and the integral vectors attaining it. In this self-contained survey we explain how to enumerate perfect forms in $d$ variables up to arithmetical equivalence and scaling. We put an emphasis on practical issues concerning computer assisted enumerations. For the necessary theory of Voronoi we provide complete proofs based on Ryshkov polyhedra. This allows a very natural generalization to $T$-perfect forms, which are perfect with respect to a linear subspace $T$ in the space of quadratic forms. Important examples include Gaussian, Eisenstein and Hurwitz quaternionic perfect forms, for which we present new classification results in dimensions $8,10$ and 12.
IS THE PLAYER MORE INFLUENCED BY THE AUDITORY THAN THE TACTILE FEEDBACK FROM THE INSTRUMENT

What sensory feedback, tactile or auditory, is the more important for a musician when playing? In an attempt to answer this question, subjects were asked to play along with a metronome while the auditory feedback from their playing was manipulated. The preliminary results showed a tendency for matching sound with sound, i.e. players initiated strokes earlier as the delay increased. Increase in timing errors indicate a possible breakpoint around 55 ms. As the feedback was delayed even more subjects showed increased difficulties in maintaining a steady rhythm.
Pelaksanaan Emotional Marketing melalui The Emotional Es sebagai Pembentuk Loyalitas Pelanggan

Abstrak Emotional marketing merupakan teknik pemasaran yang berfokus pada perspektif emosional sebagai inti dalam menghantarkan nilai kepada pelanggan dalam rangka membentuk loyalitas pelanggan, yang akan memudahkan perusahaan untuk mendapatkan kesuksesan dan profit jangka panjang. Dalam penelitian ini, emotional marketing yang akan dipakai adalah The Emotional “E”s, yaitu: Equity, Experience dan Energy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari ketiga faktor E tersebut yang paling mempengaruhi seorang menjadi pelanggan agar menjadi pelanggan loyal adalah Experience. Dengan kata lain, seseorang akan menjadi pelanggan setia jika diberikan pengalaman emosional yang meninggalkan kesan mendalam pada diri mereka. Walaupun kepercayaan tidak terlalu besar dan energi yang harus dikeluarkan cukup besar, namun memiliki pengalaman emosional positif maka besar kemungkinannya mereka akan menjadi pelanggan yang loyal. Kata kunci: Emotional Marketing, Equity, Experience, Energy, Loyalitas Abstrac t The emotional marketing is one of the marketing technique which is focusing on emotional perspective as a center in value delivering to the customer in a framework of building customer loyalty, which can make a company easy earning profit . This research will use The Emotional “E”s as the emotional marketing tools that has three factors, which is Equity, Experience dan Energy. The result shows that from the three factor of “E”s the Experience is the most influencing to a loyalty. Someone will become a loyalty customers if they have been given an emotional experience, a very unforgettable experience. Eventhough trust is not a big influencer and the energy not to big to spend, the positive emotional experience will make a customers to be a loyal customers. Keyword s : Emotional Marketing, Equity, Experience, Energy, Loyality.
Detection and tracking of multiple pedestrians by using laser range scanners

We propose a novel system for tracking multiple pedestrians in a crowded scene by exploiting single-row laser range scanners that measure distances of surrounding objects. A walking model is built to describe the periodicity of the movement of the feet in the spatial-temporal domain, and a mean-shift clustering technique in combination with spatial- temporal correlation analysis is applied to detect pedestrians. Based on the walking model, particle filter is employed to track multiple pedestrians. Compared with camera-based methods, our system provides a novel technique to track multiple pedestrians in a relatively large area. The experiments, in which over 300 pedestrians were tracked in 5 minutes, show the validity of the proposed system.
SLEPIAN BASES AND CHIRP-BASED CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING ( OFDM ) SYSTEMS

To increase the efficiency of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission, we generate orthogonal frequency basis using Slepian’s discrete prolate spheroidal sequences that are most concentrated within a discrete time interval and most band-limited within a bandwidth. These basis functions do not display the frequency spreading of the commonly used rectangular sequences. In this paper, we consider linear frequency-modulated chirps for the channel estimation, and show that when considering the discrete model of OFDM it is possible to obtain accurate estimates of the channel parameters by appropriately choosing the rate of a conjugate pair of chirps sent as pilots. Our procedure is illustrated by means of simulations for a range of SNR values and Doppler frequency shifts, showing improvement in performance when contrasted with conventional OFDM.
A common error in the ecological regression of cancer incidence on the deprivation index.

OBJECTIVE To determine if introducing age as another explanatory variable in an ecological regression model relating crude rates of cancer incidence and a deprivation index provides better results than the usual practice of using the standard incidence ratio (SIR) as the response variable, introducing the non-standardized index, and not including age in the model. METHODS Relative risks associated with the deprivation index for some locations of cancer in Spain's Girona Health Region were estimated using two different models. Model 1 estimated relative risks with the indirect method, using the SIR as the response variable. Model 2 estimated relative risks using age as an explanatory variable and crude cancer rates as the response variable. Two scenarios and two sub-scenarios were simulated to test the properties of the estimators and the goodness of fit of the two models. RESULTS The results obtained from Model 2's estimates were slightly better (less biased) than those from Model 1. The results of the simulation showed that in all cases (two scenarios and two sub-scenarios) Model 2 had a better fit than Model 1. The probability density for the parameter of interest provided evidence that Model 1 leads to biased estimates. CONCLUSIONS When attempting to explain the relative risk of incidence of cancer using ecological models that control geographic variability, introducing age as another explanatory variable and crude rates as a response variable provides less biased results.
Outage Probability and Relay Selection in Bidirectional AF Relay Networks

We study bidirectional amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying network consisting of two end-terminals and multiple relays, where each node operates in a half- duplex mode. A best relay is selected from multiple relays in a distributed manner to help communication between two end-terminals. Specifically, we first consider relay selection (RS) scheme for bidirectional AF relay network based on a max-min criterion to maximize the information rate and to minimize the outage probability. Then based on this RS scheme, we derived the close form expression of outage probability. From numerical and observations, we see that the proposed RS scheme gives better outage performance than random relay selection scheme and equal power multiple-relay scheme in symmetric as well as in asymmetric channels.
Random-coding bounds for threshold decoders: Error exponent and saddlepoint approximation

This paper considers random-coding bounds to the decoding error probability with threshold decoders. A slightly improved version of the dependence-testing bound is derived. A loosening of this bound generates a family of Feinstein-like bounds, which improve on Feinstein's original version. The error exponents of these bounds are determined and simple, yet accurate, saddlepoint approximations to the corresponding error probabilities are derived.
Analysis and supervisory control of a pressurizer using coloured Petri nets

An approach for constructing a discrete event supervisory controller is proposed in this paper that is based on the qualitative dynamic model of the controlled system described by coloured Petri nets (CPNs). The structure of the state space is explored and partitioned by generating the reachability graph of the controlled system. The supervisor is then constructed to avoid the system to reach states that require emergency cooling or heating based on the partitioned reachability graph. The proposed approach is illustrated by using a simple, but industrially important example of a pressurizer in a pressurized water nuclear power plant.
The Crabtree effect: a review.

Recently much interest has been shown in the inhibition of respiration induced by glucose addition to cells. This inhibition is often called the reversed or inverted Pasteur effect or the Crabtree effect. In this paper the term Crabtree effect has been utilized to describe the inhibition observed after the addition of any hexose or hexose analog capable of inhibiting respiration in any tissue. Unfortunately, the studies on the Crabtree effect are scattered throughout a large variety of journals and often appear incidental to other work. This review is an a t tempt to bring many of the publications which deal with the Crabtree effect together so that it might be easier to visualize the scope, mechanism, and possibly the meaning of this competition between catabolic pathways. Apparently, no previous a t tempt has been made to review this field of interest.
Genome evolution in cyanobacteria: The stable core and the variable shell

Cyanobacteria are the only known prokaryotes capable of oxygenic photosynthesis, the evolution of which transformed the biology and geochemistry of Earth. The rapid increase in published genomic sequences of cyanobacteria provides the first opportunity to reconstruct events in the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis on the scale of entire genomes. Here, we demonstrate the overall phylogenetic incongruence among 682 orthologous protein families from 13 genomes of cyanobacteria. However, using principal coordinates analysis, we discovered a core set of 323 genes with similar evolutionary trajectories. The core set is highly conserved in amino acid sequence and contains genes encoding the major components in the photosynthetic and ribosomal apparatus. Many of the key proteins are encoded by genome-wide conserved small gene clusters, which often are indicative of protein–protein, protein–prosthetic group, and protein–lipid interactions. We propose that the macromolecular interactions in complex protein structures and metabolic pathways retard the tempo of evolution of the core genes and hence exert a selection pressure that restricts piecemeal horizontal gene transfer of components of the core. Identification of the core establishes a foundation for reconstructing robust organismal phylogeny in genome space. Our phylogenetic trees constructed from 16S rRNA gene sequences, concatenated orthologous proteins, and the core gene set all suggest that the ancestral cyanobacterium did not fix nitrogen and probably was a thermophilic organism.
Improved Performance of OFDM by PAPR reduction

OFDM is a special kind of Multi Carrier modulation technique which forms the basis for 4G Wireless system. OFDM is a key broadband technology that can supports data rates in excess of 100 Mbps that is essential for next generation 4G broadband communication. Peak To Average Power ratio is one of the serious problems in OFDM technology that is problem of extreme excursions of transmitted signal, which reduces the efficiency of transmit high power amplifier. This paper explores the problem of PAPR and focus in reduction of PAPR using μ law technique. This proposed technique shows the better performance in the presence of non linear high power amplifier by significantly reducing PAPR more than 5.5 db, signal to noise ratio is also deceases by 6 db at BER=