Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Flexible Topic-driven Framework for News Exploration

With the flourishing of various Web applications, the Internet has become one of the most important means to access news. According to one investigation, in the population of Internet users, 78.5% are looking for news. Unfortunately, although the Internet provides a platform for easily sharing information, it also brings a fast explosion of the news data. It leads to the fact that people spend more and more time to digest the data. Can we design new ways to help the users quickly understand and explore the news data? Information retrieval is one way, but it is insufficient. In this paper, we propose a flexible topic-driven framework, namely NewsInsight, for news exploration. This framework innovatively integrates a probabilistic topic model, graphical data analysis, and natural language processing. It performs news mining at the topic level and presents news information with topics, entities (e.g., people, organization, and events), and relations derived from the news data. Based on this framework, we have developed a system which can help people to understand and explore news from multiple dimensions. The trial operation of the system has worked at Xinhua News Agency, one of the biggest news publishers in China. Feedback from users shows that the system has achieved its primary objectives.
Photonic Band Structure of Atomic Lattices.

Light scattering from resonant two-level atoms on three-dimensional lattices can be described by a classical energy conserving t-matrix. The optical band structure of lattices filled with such atoms are calculated exactly in scalar approximation and displays, e.g., the formation of polariton gaps. The Einstein coefficient for spontaneous emission in a system with an inhomogeneous dielectric constant is shown to be proportional to part of the total density of states. This part is calculated for the dipolar lattice model.
Automatic Restoration Algorithms for 35 mm Film

Videre: Journal of Computer Vision Research (ISSN 1089-2788) is a quarterly journal published electronically on the Internet by The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02142. Subscriptions and address changes should be addressed to MIT Press Journals, Five Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142; phone: (617) 253-2889; fax: (617) 577-1545; e-mail: journals-orders@mit.edu. Subscription rates are: Individuals $30.00, Institutions $125.00. Canadians add additional 7% GST. Prices subject to change without notice.
M 3 M IML : A Maximum Margin Method for Multi-Instance Multi-Label Learning

Multi-instance multi-label learning (MIML) deals with the problem where each training example is associated with not only multiple instances but also multiple class labels. Previous MIML algorithms work by identifying its equivalence in degenerated versions of multi-instance multi-label learning. However, useful information encoded in training examples may get lost during the identification process. In this paper, a maximum margin method is proposed for M IML which directly exploits the connections between instances and labels. The learning task is formulated as a quadratic programming (QP) problem and implemented in its dual form. Applications to scene classification and text categorization show that the proposed approach achieves superior performance over existing M I L methods.
Selective induction of neuropilin-1 by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF): A mechanism contributing to VEGF-induced angiogenesis

Neuropilin (NRP) 1, previously identified as a neuronal receptor that mediates repulsive growth cone guidance, has been shown recently to function also in endothelial cells as an isoform-specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)165 and as a coreceptor in vitro of VEGF receptor 2. However, its potential role in pathologic angiogenesis remains unknown. In the present study, we first show that VEGF selectively up-regulates NRP1 but not NRP2 via the VEGF receptor 2-dependent pathway. By NRP1 binding analysis, we showed that its induction by VEGF accompanies functional receptor expression. Endothelial proliferation stimulated by VEGF165 was inhibited significantly by antibody perturbation of NRP1. In a murine model of VEGF-dependent angioproliferative retinopathy, intense NRP1 mRNA expression was observed in the newly formed vessels. Furthermore, selective NRP1 inhibition in this model suppressed neovascular formation substantially. These results suggest that VEGF cannot only activate endothelial cells directly but also can contribute to robust angiogenesis in vivo by a mechanism that involves up-regulation of its cognate receptor expression.
Identification of catecholaminergic inputs to and outputs from aromatase‐containing brain areas of the Japanese quail by tract tracing combined with tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemistry

In the quail brain, aromatase‐immunoreactive (ARO‐ir) neurons located in the medial preoptic nucleus (POM) and caudal paleostriatum ventrale/nucleus accumbens/nucleus striae terminalis complex (PVT/nAc/nST) receive catecholaminergic inputs identified by the presence of tyrosine hydroxylase‐immunoreactive (TH‐ir) fibers and punctate structures. The origin of these inputs was analyzed by retrograde tracing with cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) or red latex fluospheres (RLF) combined with TH immunocytochemistry. CTB and RLF injected in the POM or PVT/nAc/nST were found in cells located in anatomically discrete areas in the telencephalon (hippocampus, septum, archistriatum), hypothalamus (many areas in periventricular position), thalamus, mesencephalon, and pons. In these last two regions, many retrogradely labeled cells were located in dopaminergic areas such as the retroruberal field (RRF), substantia nigra (SN), and area ventralis of Tsai (AVT) but also in noradrenergic cell groups such as the locus ceruleus and subceruleus. CTB tracing showed that most of these connections are bidirectional. Many retrogradely labeled cells contained TH‐ir material. As a mean, 10‐20% and 40‐60% of the RLF‐containing cells in the dopaminergic areas were TH‐ir when RLF had been injected in the POM or PVT/nAc/nST, respectively. TH‐ir cells projecting to the POM appeared to be mostly located in the periventricular hypothalamus and in AVT, whereas projections to the PVT/nAc/nST originated mainly in the SN (with significant contributions from the RRF and AVT). These data support the existence of functional relationships between aromatase and catecholamines. J. Comp. Neurol. 382:401‐428, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self shadows and cast shadows in estimating illumination distribution

This paper compares two methods for estimating illumination distributions from shadows: methods using self shadows and cast shadows. The cast shadow method provides an effective framework for recovering illuminations in a real scene utilizing variations of image brightnesses inside shadows cast by an occluding object of known shape. The shadow surface is typically the same plane on which the object is placed. A new self shadow method is proposed in this paper in which the shadow surface is on the occluding object itself. We show that it works even for lighting environments where the cast shadow method fails while clarifying the stability issues related to sampling resolution, and the selection of lighting model. We also present an automatic framework for estimation of near lighting by a depth identification, as well as the directional analysis of the illumination distribution, which was not addressed in the cast shadow method. We prove the effectiveness of our new method with experiments using real scenes. (10 pages)
Fast rate distortion optimized quantization for HEVC

As the new generation video coding standard, the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) achieves significantly better coding efficiency than existing video coding standards, which is however at the cost of a much higher computational complexity. Rate-Distortion Optimized Quantization (RDOQ) is one of the powerful coding tools employed in HEVC to pursue high coding efficiency. Nevertheless, RDOQ requires an exhaustive search over multiple candidates to determine the optimal quantized level through Rate-Distortion Optimization (RDO), which leads to considerable complexity in practice. This paper addresses this issue from a new point of view and presents a fast RDOQ scheme for transformed DCT coefficients quantization in HEVC. More specifically, we first proposed a RDOQ call removal algorithm which can effectively remove the redundant RDOQ calls and thus speed up the RDOQ process. Secondly, an all-zero block-based RDOQ skip algorithm is developed to skip unnecessary RDOQ. Compared to HEVC reference software, the proposed algorithms can save on average 34% of the RDOQ time with only slight performance degradation. Besides, our proposed algorithms can be incorporated with existing fast RDOQ algorithms to further improve the encoding efficiency.
New Expressions of Symmetrical Components of the Induction Motor Under Stator Faults

This paper proposes new expressions of symmetrical components (SCs) of the stator currents of the induction motor (IM) in steady state and under different stator faults, useful to ensure an efficient fault diagnosis. In this paper, the considered stator faults are interturns short circuit, phase-to-phase, and single-phase-to-ground faults. An analytical study of the behavior of these expressions shows that, under balanced supply voltage, the phase angle and the magnitude of the negative- and zero-sequence currents can be considered as reliable indicators of stator faults of the IM. The behavior of the developed expressions of the SCs is also verified experimentally on a 1.1-kW IM under different fault conditions, different frequencies, and different load conditions. The good agreement between the analytical and experimental values leads to consider the negative- and zero-sequence currents as powerful and effective indicators of stator faults.
Phytochemical Constituents, Health Benefits, and Industrial Applications of Grape Seeds: A Mini-Review

Grapes are one of the most widely grown fruits and have been used for winemaking since the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. Grape seeds are rich in proanthocyanidins which have been shown to possess potent free radical scavenging activity. Grape seeds are a complex matrix containing 40% fiber, 16% oil, 11% proteins, and 7% complex phenols such as tannins. Grape seeds are rich sources of flavonoids and contain monomers, dimers, trimers, oligomers, and polymers. The monomeric compounds includes (+)-catechins, (−)-epicatechin, and (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate. Studies have reported that grape seeds exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties against oxidative stress. Their potential health benefits include protection against oxidative damage, and anti-diabetic, anti-cholesterol, and anti-platelet functions. Recognition of such health benefits of proanthocyanidins has led to the use of grape seeds as a dietary supplement by the consumers. This paper summarizes the studies of the phytochemical compounds, pharmacological properties, and industrial applications of grape seeds.
The distribution of substance P immunoreactive fibers in the rat central nervous system

A detailed account of the distribution of immunoreactive substance P‐containing structures in the rat central nervous system is presented, from results obtained by applying an indirect immunofluorescent technique. High densities of substance P‐containing nerve terminals were present in sensory nuclei and other non‐sensory structures such as thalamus, hypothalamus and extrapyramidal system. Substance P‐reactive neuron cell bodies were present in spinal root ganglia, nucleus habenulae medialis, nucleus interpeduncularis, caudoputamen and globus pallidus. Most of the neocortex and the cerebellar cortices had no substance P‐positive elements. The results support the hypothesis that substance P may be a widespread neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
Local connectivity of wireless networks with directional antennas

This paper concerns with the local connectivity (i.e., the probability of node isolation) of wireless networks with directional antennas. We propose an analytical framework to study the local connectivity with the consideration of directional antenna models and various channel conditions. With the framework, we construct a novel directional antenna model called Iris. We show that Iris can better approximate realistic directional antennas and can be easily used to analyze the local connectivity compared with existing directional antenna models. Extensive simulations show that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the simulation results verifying the accuracy and the effectiveness of our analytical framework.
Dietary sources, current intakes, and nutritional role of omega-3 docosapentaenoic acid

Fish oils and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids are well recognized for their critical role in human diets. Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22 : 5n-3) has always been a part of healthy nutrition, since infants obtain almost as much DPA as DHA from human milk. Fish oil supplements and ingredients, oily fish, and grass-fed beef can serve as the primary DPA sources for the general population. Although the DPA levels in fish oils are substantially lower than those of EPA and DHA, concentrated DPA products are now becoming commercially available, and DPA-based drugs are under development. Epidemiological studies show that similar to eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20 : 5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22 : 6n-3) acids, DPA is linked to various improvements in human health, perhaps owing to its structural similarity to the other two molecules. Studies in mammals, platelets, and cell cultures have demonstrated that DPA reduces platelet aggregation, and improves lipid metabolism, endothelial cell migration, and resolution of chronic inflammation. Further, other in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that DPA can improve neural health. A human supplementation trial with 99.8% pure DPA suggested that it serves as a storage depot for EPA and DHA in the human body. Future randomized controlled human trials with purified DPA will help clarify its effects on human health. They may confirm the available evidence pointing to its nutritional and biological functions, unique or overlapping with those of EPA and DHA.
Eliminating products to test in a software product line

A Software Product Line (SPL) is a family of programs where each program is defined by a unique combination of features. Developing a set of programs with commonalities and variabilities in this way can significantly reduce both the time and cost of software development. However, as the number of programs may be exponential in the number of features, testing an SPL, the phase to which the majority of software development is dedicated, becomes especially challenging [12]. Indeed, scale is the biggest challenge in testing or checking the properties of programs in a product line. Even a product line with just 10 optional features has over a thousand (210) distinct programs. As an example of a situation where every program must be considered, suppose that every program of an SPL outputs a String that each feature might modify.
Eliminating recency with self‐review: the case of auditors' ‘going concern’ judgments

This paper examines the use of self-review to debias recency. Recency is found in the ‘going concern’ judgments of staff auditors, but is successfully eliminated by the auditor's use of a simple self-review technique that would be extremely easy to implement in audit practice. Auditors who self-review are also less inclined to make audit report choices that are inconsistent with their going concern judgments. These results are important because the judgments of staff auditors often determine the type and extent of documentation in audit workpapers and serve as preliminary inputs for senior auditors' judgments and choices. If staff auditors' judgments are affected by recency, the impact of this bias may be impounded in the ultimate judgments and choices of senior auditors. Since biased judgments can expose auditors to significant costs involving extended audit procedures, legal liability and diminished reputation, simple debiasing techniques that reduce this exposure are valuable. The paper also explores some future research needs and other important issues concerning judgment debiasing in applied professional settings. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Going on a Turtle Egg Hunt and Other Adventures: Education for Sustainability in Early Childhood

THIS PAPER REPORTS OUTCOMES for Early Childhood (EC) students after engagement in an Education for Sustainability (EfS) program. The research was conducted at an independent school located in the Perth metropolitan area of Western Australia. Three student-driven EfS projects, on issues of concern to young children, are examined. These projects are located at the school and in the nearby wetlands: biological survey, reed planting and turtle nest-watch. Findings indicated that participation in EfS projects was an effective, meaningful approach to achieving potent, enjoyable, hands-on action in real-life local contexts.
Superresolution microscopy for microbiology

This review provides a practical introduction to superresolution microscopy from the perspective of microbiological research. Because of the small sizes of bacterial cells, superresolution methods are particularly powerful and suitable for revealing details of cellular structures that are not resolvable under conventional fluorescence light microscopy. Here we describe the methodological concepts behind three major categories of superresolution light microscopy: photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM) and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), structured illumination microscopy (SIM) and stimulated emission‐depletion (STED) microscopy. We then present recent applications of each of these techniques to microbial systems, which have revealed novel conformations of cellular structures and described new properties of in vivo protein function and interactions. Finally, we discuss the unique issues related to implementing each of these superresolution techniques with bacterial specimens and suggest avenues for future development. The goal of this review is to provide the necessary technical background for interested microbiologists to choose the appropriate superresolution method for their biological systems, and to introduce the practical considerations required for designing and analysing superresolution imaging experiments.
Worldwide perspective of hepatitis B-associated glomerulonephritis in the 80s.

Chronic HBsAg carriers may develop glomerulonephritis (GN). Besides membranous GN (MGN), which seems a well established association, membranoproliferative GN (MPGN) or proliferative GN are also encountered in these patients. It is clear that the variations in the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) GN may be real or related to a more or less vigorous search for HBV in the different nephrologic centers. However, the frequency of HBV GN in a country correlates with the underlying prevalence of HBV infection in the general population. Geographic patterns of HBV prevalence vary greatly from areas of low endemicity where less than 1% of adults are chronic carriers to areas of intermediate and high endemicity where between 2 and 15% of adults are chronic carriers. The most important factor affecting prevalence is age of HBV infection. The probability of becoming a chronic carrier is greater following infection during infancy and early childhood. The rarity of HBV GN in the U.S. and in western Europe probably reflects the rarity of HBV infection, especially in children. The frequency of HBV GN is high in Asian or Black children. It is possible to hope that, with the extensive immunization in countries of high endemicity, the frequency of HBV GN will diminish. In the U.S. and in Europe, patients with HBV GN frequently belong to high risk groups for HBV infection. In these countries, the increase in the percentage of HBV infection due to sexual transmission or linked with drug abuse may lead to an increase in the percentage of adult patients with HBV GN.
Limb apraxia in neurodegenerative disorders

SUMMARY Apraxia is a cognitive-motor disorder affecting gestural communication and tool use, and is seen in various neurodegenerative disorders. Apraxia is a major feature of the corticobasal syndrome associated with nonlevodopa-responsive, typically asymmetric parkinsonism. Mild apraxia may also be seen in Parkinson’s disease, at least in later stages of the disease. Furthermore, patients with Alzheimer’s disease or posterior cortical atrophy are prone to develop apraxia during their disease course. However, apraxia may be difficult to dissect from other motor (e.g., dystonia and bradykinesia in corticobasal syndrome) or cognitive (e.g., dysexecutive or semantic memory deficits in Alzheimer’s disease) dysfunction. Therefore, the ecological significance of apraxia in neurodegenerative disorders may not always be obvious. Although treatment protocols for apraxia have been developed in stroke, there is little information on the management of apraxia in neurodegenerative disorders. Owing to their progressive.
Asymptotically optimal importance sampling for product-form queuing networks

Monte Carlo integration M apphed to the integral representation of the normalization constant for a famdy of product-form multiclass queuing networks These networks are closed with single-server, fixed-rate stations and at least one infinite-server station. Letting the population for each class go to infinity, the asymptotically optimal importance-samphng distributions are derived for estimates of the normalization constant and of the utilizations. In the normal-usage regime, in which the asymptotic utilizations at the single-server stations are strictly less than one, independent exponential samphng is asymptotically optimal for estimating the normalization constant. In the same regime, the asymptotically optimal sampling dmtrlbution for estimatmg utilization is complex and dependent across single-server stations. In the critical-usage regime, m which the asymptotic utlhzatlons at the single-server stations are equal to one, truncated multivarlate normal sampling is asymptotically optimal for estimating the normalization constant.
Cognitive and psychosocial deficits in agenesis of the corpus callosum with normal intelligence

Cognitive disabilities in agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) have been described in scattered reports, but few complete case descriptions are available. Consequent psychosocial disabilities in ACC have received little attention. We expected that ACC would be manifest in deficits specific to complex reasoning, concept formation, and problem solving. We also expected that these cognitive problems would be particularly evident in difficulties interpreting and understanding social situations, and in abnormal self-perception. Methods. Cognitive and psychosocial deficits were studied in two adolescents with ACC and normal IQ using a battery of cognitive and psychological tests. Results. Test results indicated poor interhemispheric integration of complex material. Performance on tests of reasoning, and concept formation were clearly below expectations based on IQ. Significantly poor performance was also found on tests of social insight, proverb interpretation, social logic, self-perception, and interpretation of ambiguous stimuli. Gross behavioural disorder or psychopathology were not found. Conclusions. ACC results in disabilities in social cognition that appear to be secondary to deficits in complex cognitive operations such as reasoning, concept formation, and problem solving. It is suggested that these cognitive deficits may be related to diminished interhemispheric transfer of complex information.