Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-stage based design for phased-MIMO radar with improved coherent transmit processing gain

We consider the problem of two-dimensional (2D) transmit beamforming design for phased-MIMO Radar with a limited number of transmit power amplifiers. Subarray partitioning is used in MIMO radar where individual subarrays operate in a phased-array mode leading to a reduction in the number of power amplifiers required. However, the use of subarray partitioning results in poor transmit beampattern characteristics due to the reduced physical aperture of the subarrays as compared to the aperture of the full transmit array. To address this problem, we introduce a new method for achieving a desired transmit beampattern while applying the concept of phased-MIMO radar. Our design consists of two cascaded stages where the first stage involves mapping a set of finite number of orthogonal waveforms into another set of cross-correlated waveforms using a linear mixing operator. The second stage involves partitioning the transmit array into a finite number of transmit subarrays where each subarray is used to radiate one of the cross-correlated waveforms in phased-array mode. The mixing matrix used in the first stage is appropriately designed to ensure that the overall transmit beampattern, i.e., the summation of all beampatterns of the individual subarrays, is as close as possible to a desired transmit beampattern. The number of power amplifiers required is finite and equals to the number of subarrays. One of the advantages of the new method is that it can achieve coherent transmit gain that is comparable to the coherent transmit gain of a phased-array radar while implementing the concept of MIMO radar. Simulation examples are used to validate the proposed method capabilities.
Impact of telephone dispatcher assistance on the outcomes of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest*

Objective: Most previous studies of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have typically examined relatively small datasets from small study regions. Although several studies have reported the impact on adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, little information is available on the impact of telephone dispatcher assistance on the outcomes of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We set out to examine the impact of cardiopulmonary resuscitation instruction by telephone dispatcher on the outcomes of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Design: Population-based, observational study. Setting: Japan-wide population-based setting. Patients: We identified 1,780 pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients (67.8% male) with witnessed collapse from a nationwide, population-based, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest database. Intervention: None. Measurement and Main Results: We assessed the impact of telephone dispatcher assistance on the outcomes of 1-month survival rates and favorable neurologic status among the groups. The overall rate of bystander-performed chest compression and mouth-to-mouth ventilation among the witnessed pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrests were 39.5% and 25.6%, respectively. Telephone dispatcher assistance was offered in 28.4% of the witnessed pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases and resulted in a significant increase in both chest compression (adjusted odds ratio 6.04; 95% confidence interval 4.72–7.72) and mouth-to-mouth ventilation (adjusted odds ratio 3.10; 95% confidence interval 2.44–3.95), and a significant improvement in 1-month survival rate (adjusted odds ratio 1.46; 95% confidence interval 1.05–2.03), but no significant effect on favorable neurologic outcomes at 1 month (adjusted odds ratio 1.15; 95% confidence interval 0.70–1.88). Potential confounding factors included age categories, sex, bystander type, cause of cardiac arrest, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and attempted defibrillation. Conclusions: Telephone dispatcher assistance could significantly increase bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation among witnessed pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Although there was only a small, nonsignificant effect on the improvement in favorable neurologic outcome at 1 month, the improved survival associated with telephone dispatcher assistance in pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is clinically important, and is of major public health importance. In cases where cardiac arrest was uncertain from the bystander’s replies during the call to emergency medical services, telephone dispatcher assistance was not offered, which could affect the adjusted odds ratio of the present study.
The Vertical Scaling of Occupations: Some Cautionary Comments and Reflections

The purpose of this commentary is to locate the symmetric scaling of intergenerational continuity (SSIC) within a detailed typology of vertical scales. In the course of doing so, we establish that SSIC cannot be seen as a "corrected" prestige or socioeconomic scale, nor is it a convincing proxy for the total assets and resources embedded in occupations. We argue that SSIC might be reinterpreted as the dominant dimension underlying patterns of intergenerational contact; however, some of the competing "network scales" tap a broader range of relational processes, and it would therefore be difficult to salvage a major role for SSIC within this tradition. We conclude by asking whether SSIC should be privileged relative to alternative scales that maximize other bivariate correlations.
Local Geometry of Deformable Templates

In this paper, we discuss a geometrical model of a space of deformable images or shapes, in which infinitesimal variations are combinations of elastic deformations (warping) and of photometric variations. Geodesics in this space are related to velocity-based image warping methods, which have proved to yield efficient and robust estimations of diffeomorphisms in the case of large deformation. Here, we provide a rigorous and general construction of this infinite dimensional "shape manifold" on which we place a Riemannian metric. We then obtain the geodesic equations, for which we show the existence and uniqueness of solutions for all times. We finally use this to provide a geometrically founded linear approximation of the deformations of shapes in the neighborhood of a given template.
Care patterns in Medicare and their implications for pay for performance.

BACKGROUND Two assumptions underpin the implementation of pay for performance in Medicare: that with the use of claims data, patients can be assigned to a physician or to a practice that will have primary responsibility for their care, and that a meaningful fraction of the care physicians deliver is for patients for whom they have primary responsibility. METHODS We analyzed Medicare claims from 2000 through 2002 for 1.79 million fee-for-service beneficiaries treated by 8604 respondents to the Community Tracking Study Physician Survey in 2000 and 2001. In separate analyses, we assigned each patient to the physician or primary care physician with whom the patient had had the most visits. We determined the number of physicians and practices seen annually, the percentage of care received from the assigned physician or practice, the stability of assignments over time, and the percentage of physicians' Medicare patients who were their assigned patients. RESULTS Beneficiaries saw a median of two primary care physicians and five specialists working in four different practices. A median of 35% of beneficiaries' visits each year were with their assigned physicians; for 33% of beneficiaries, the assigned physician changed from one year to another. On the basis of all visits to any physician, a primary care physician's assigned patients accounted for a median of 39% of the physician's Medicare patients and 62% of Medicare visits. For medical specialists, the respective percentages were 6% and 10%. On the basis of visits to primary care physicians only, 79% of beneficiaries could be assigned to a physician, and a median of 31% of beneficiaries' visits were with that assigned primary care physician. CONCLUSIONS In fee-for-service Medicare, the dispersion of patients' care among multiple physicians will limit the effectiveness of pay-for-performance initiatives that rely on a single retrospective method of assigning responsibility for patient care.
Introduction and overview of the multics system

Multics (Multiplexed Information and Computing Service) is a comprehensive, general-purpose programming system which is being developed as a research project. The initial Multics system will be implemented on the GE 645 computer. One of the overall design goals is to create a computing system which is capable of meeting almost all of the present and near-future requirements of a large computer utility. Such systems must run continuously and reliably 7 days a week, 24 hours a day in a way similar to telephone or power systems, and must be capable of meeting wide service demands: from multiple man-machine interaction to the sequential processing of absentee-user jobs; from the use of the system with dedicated languages and subsystems to the programming of the system itself; and from centralized bulk card, tape, and printer facilities to remotely located terminals. Such information processing and communication systems are believed to be essential for the future growth of computer use in business, in industry, in government and in scientific laboratories as well as stimulating applications which would be otherwise undone.
Negotiated nonmonogamy and male couples.

One issue that has the potential to confound family or couples therapists working with male couples is the issue of nonmonogamy. For many therapists, sexual nonexclusivity challenges fundamental clinical assumptions that "affairs," or extra-relationship sex or romantic involvements, are symptoms of troubled relationships and are always a form of "sexual acting out. " This article explores the issue of sexual exclusivity and nonexclusivity within male couples. In order to achieve both clinical and cultural competency in work with male couples, therapists need to challenge their cultural biases regarding monogamy.
Never too late

Policy decisions with respect to juvenile offenders oscillate between rehabilitation and punishment, and the effectiveness of these two approaches, including which one for which type of offender, has yet to be realized. Less studied is the extent to which the public favors one approach or the other generally, and whether the public believes that there is an age at which it may be too late to help a juvenile offender turn away from a life of crime. In this study, we explore whether optimism about juvenile rehabilitation is a near universal, shared belief, or whether there exist important variations across socio-demographic groups about whether juveniles can be rehabilitated (and if so at what age). Studying this issue is important because public attitudes have the potential to shape policy. In the domain of juvenile justice, the challenge is whether public opinion will breed unfettered punitiveness or, as we anticipate, will serve as an impetus for a richer and more progressive response to juvenile offenders. Using data from a random sample of Pennsylvania residents, our results point not toward a division over the beliefs about ‘saving children,’ but instead demonstrate a consensus — that optimism about juvenile rehabilitation is not something citizens argue over. Implications for public policies regarding juvenile offenders are addressed.
The impact of compulsive cybersex behaviours on the family

In the treatment of sexual addiction and compulsivity, the family unit is often neglected. Yet this disorder has a major impact not only on the identified patient, but also on the spouse or partner (the coaddict) and on the family as a whole. This is as true of the consequences of compulsive cybersex activities as of other behaviours. This paper describes the results of a brief survey completed by 91 women and three men, aged 24-57, who had experienced serious adverse consequences of their partner's cybersex involvement. In 60.6% of cases the sexual activities were limited to online sex. The survey respondents felt hurt, betrayal, rejection, abandonment, devastation, loneliness, shame, isolation, humiliation, jealousy, and anger, as well as loss of self-esteem. Being lied to repeatedly was a major cause of distress. Cybersex addiction was a major contributing factor to separation and divorce of couples in this survey: 22.3% of the respondents were separated or divorced, and several others were seriously contemplating leaving. Among 68% of the couples one or both had lost interest in relational sex: 52.1% of addicts had decreased interest in sex with their spouse, as did 34% of partners. Partners compared themselves unfavourably with the online women (or men) and pictures, and felt hopeless about being able to compete with them. Partners overwhelmingly felt that cyber affairs were as emotionally painful to them as live or offline affairs. Adverse effects on the children included (1) exposure to cyberporn and to objectification of women, (2) involvement in parental conflicts, (3) lack of attention because of one parent's involvement with the computer and the other parent's preoccupation with the cybersex addict, (4) breakup of the marriage. In response to their spouses' cybersex addiction, partners went through a sequence of pre-recovery phases: (a) ignorance/denial, (b) shock/discovery of cybersex activities, and (c) problem-solving attempts. When their attempts failed and they realized how unmanageable their lives had become, they entered the crisis stage and began their own recovery.
Childhood memory and a history of different forms of abuse

A widespread professional and public controversy has recently emerged regarding recovered memo-ries of child sexual abuse, but the prevalence and nature of these memories have received limited empirical examination. This study (N = 553 nonclinical participants) found that very similar pro-portions of those with histories of physical, emotional, or sexual abuse reported that they had periods without memory of their abuse ( 21 %, 18%, and 18%, respectively). The responses of approximately one half of these participants suggested that they lacked conscious access to their abuse memories, whereas the responses from the others suggested that they had conscious access to their memories. A great deal of variance was found in the reported quality of general childhood memory and the offset of infantile amnesia, and the findings also suggest that it is normative to recover memories of child-hood. Each of these variables was also unrelated to the experience of child abuse.
Prediction of action outcomes using an object model

When a robot wants to manipulate an object, it needs to know what action to execute to obtain the desired result. In most of the cases, the actions that can be applied to an object consist of exerting forces to it. If a robot is able to predict what will happen to an object when some force is applied to it, then it's possible to build a controller that solves the inverse problem of what force needs to be applied in order to get a desired result. To accomplish this, the first task is to build an object model and second to get the right parameters for it. The goals of this paper are 1) to demonstrate the use of an object model to predict outcomes of actions, and 2) to adapt this model to an specific object instance for a specific robot.
Emergency Event Understanding Assisted by Social Media

—Over the last decade, the presence of social media in today’s society has skyrocketed to the point where platforms such as Twitter are producing nearly 500 million Tweets a day [9]. These 500 million Tweets contain a wealth of information that if understood could help to understand mass public opinion. The project is focused on using Tweets to help garner an understanding of people’s reactions to emergency events. This information could be used to answer questions such as who is saying what, where they are saying it, and when they are saying it.
INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS IN UTERO

A BSTRACT Background In utero exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls, a ubiquitous environmental contaminant, has been linked to adverse effects on neurologic and intellectual function in infants and young children. We assessed whether these effects persist through school age and examined their importance in the acquisition of reading and arithmetic skills. Methods We tested 212 children, recruited as newborns to overrepresent infants born to women who had eaten Lake Michigan fish contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls. A battery of IQ and achievement tests was administered when the children were 11 years of age. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in maternal serum and milk at delivery were slightly higher than in the general population. A composite measure of prenatal exposure was derived from concentrations in umbilicalcord serum and maternal serum and milk. Results Prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls was associated with lower full-scale and verbal IQ scores after control for potential confounding variables such as socioeconomic status (P 0.02). The strongest effects related to memory and attention. The most highly exposed children were three times as likely to have low average IQ scores (P 0.001) and twice as likely to be at least two years behind in reading comprehension (P 0.03). Although larger quantities of polychlorinated biphenyls are transferred by breast-feeding than in utero, there were deficits only in association with transplacental exposure, suggesting that the developing fetal brain is particularly sensitive to these compounds. Conclusions In utero exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in concentrations slightly higher than those in the general population can have a long-term impact on intellectual function. (N Engl J Med 1996; 335:783-9.)
Validation of the use of foreign gas rebreathing method for non-invasive determination of cardiac output in heart disease patients

Objective: To compare a new device (Innocor) for non-invasive measurement of cardiac output (CO) by foreign gas rebreathing method with conventional techniques used in the measurements of cardiac function. Methods: Cardiac outputs measured by Innocor (CORB) were compared with CO obtained by echocardiography (COEC), Swan-Ganz thermodilution (COTD), and left ventricle radiography (COLVR) in 34 patients subjected to cardiac catheterization. Values obtained from the four methods were analyzed by linear regression and paired values were compared by the method of Bland and Altman in SPSS. Results: There was strong positive correlation (r=0.94) between Innocor cardiac output values and the corresponding values obtained by thermodilution and between COEC and COLVR values. Thermodilution appears to overestimate cardiac output when compared to the values obtained with Innocor by (0.66±0.22) L/min (P<0.0001). There was no correlation between data obtained by Innocor and the corresponding COEC and COLVR values. Conclusion: Innocor CORB is an easy, safe and well established method for non-invasive measurement of cardiac output with good prospects for clinical application in heart disease patients.
Synthesis, analysis, and processing of fractal signals

Abstract : Fractal geometry arises in a truly extraordinary range of natural and man-made phenomena. The 1/f family of fractal random processes, in particular, are appealing candidates for data modeling in a wide variety of signal processing scenarios involving such phenomena. In contrast to the well-studied family of ARMA processes, 1/f processes are typically characterized by persistent long-term correlation structure. However, the mathematical intractability of such processes has largely precluded their use in signal processing. We introduce and develop a powerful Karhunen-Loeve-like representation for 1/f processes in terms of orthonormal wavelet bases that considerably simplifies their analysis. Wavelet-based representations yield highly convenient synthesis and whitening filters for 1/f processes, and allow a number of fundamental detection and estimation problems involving 1/f processes to be readily solved. In particular, we obtain robust and computationally efficient algorithms for parameter and signal estimation with 1/f signals in noisy backgrounds, coherent detection in 1/f backgrounds, and optimal discrimination between 1/f signals. Results from a variety of simulations are presented to demonstrate the viability of the algorithms. In contrast to the statistically self-similar 1/f processes, homogeneous signals are governed by deterministic self-similarity.
The American college and university : a history

First published in 1962, Frederick Rudolph's study, "The American College and University", has been described as one of the most significant works on the history of higher education in America. Bridging the chasm between educational and social history, this book examines developments in higher education in the context of the social, economic and political forces that were shaping the nation at large. Surveying higher education from the colonial era through the mid-20th century, Rudolph explores a multitude of issues, from the financing of institutions and the development of curriculum to the education of women and blacks, the rise of college athletics and the complexities of student life. In his foreword to this new edition, John Thelin assesses the impact that Rudolph's work has had on higher education studies. The new edition also includes a bibliographic essay by Thelin covering major works in the field that have appeared since the publication of the first edition.
[Anisakiasis gastrointestinal manifestations: description of 42 cases].

BASIS Anisakiasis is an emerging parasitosis in our environment, although still scarcely known, mainly its gastrointestinal manifestations. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this paper 42 cases of anisakiasis with gastrointestinal symptoms (with or without cutaneous allergic manifestations) are described; all cases were studied in our hospital between 1995 and May 2004. RESULTS Thirty seven cases showed a gastric or gastroallergic form (6 confirmed with gastroscopy) and 5 suffered intestinal symptoms. In those in which endoscopy was not carried out, the diagnosis was done after clinical and biological findings. All patients were sensitized in the presence of Anisakis simplex. The 69% (29 cases) described raw anchovies ingestion or anchovies seasoned in vinegar ingestion some hours before the beginning of the clinical picture. The 59% showed allergic symptoms (gastroallergic anisakiasis); no patient with intestinal affectation showed allergic symptoms. Nausea (67%), vomiting (51%), and epigastralgia (50%) were the dominant symptoms in the group with gastric or gastroallergic anisakiasis without endoscopic confirmation; on the other hand, pain in right ileac fossa was the dominant symptom in the intestinal form. Fever was seen in two of the later patients (40%), but in no patient with gastric or gastroallergic anisakiasis. CONCLUSIONS Gastrointestinal symptomatology after ingestion of fish suspiciously prepared should suggest anisakiasis, regardless if clinical picture includes allergic manifestations. In our study, pain in right ileac fossa, fever, and absence of allergic manifestations were typical of intestinal form.