Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FEBRILE RESPONSE AND DECREASE IN CIRCULATING LYMPHOCYTES FOLLOWING ACUTE INFECTION OF WHITE-TAILED DEER FAWNS WITH EITHER A BVDV1 OR A BVDV2 STRAIN

Although commonly associated with infection in cattle, bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDV) also replicate in many domestic and wildlife species, including cervids. Bovine viral diarrhea viruses have been isolated from a number of cervids, including mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), red deer (Cervus elaphus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus), but little information is available regarding clinical presentation and progression of infection in these species. In preliminary studies of experimental infection of deer with BVDV, researchers noted seroconversion but no clinical signs. In this study, we infected white-tailed deer fawns that were negative for BVDV and for antibodies against BVDV, with either a type 1 or a type 2 BVDV that had been isolated from white-tailed deer. Fawns were monitored for changes in basal temperature, circulating lymphocytes, and platelets. The clinical progression following inoculation in these fawns was similar to that seen with BVDV infections in cattle and included fever and depletion of circulating lymphocytes. Because free-ranging cervid populations are frequently in contact with domestic cattle in the United States, possible transfer of BVDV between cattle and cervids has significant implications for proposed BVDV control programs.
Potential Role of the Chemokine Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1α in Human and Experimental Schistosomiasis

ABSTRACT In human schistosomiasis, the concentrations of the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α/CCL3) is greater in the plasma of patients with clinical hepatosplenic disease. The objective of the present study was to confirm the ability of CCL3 to detect severe disease in patients classified by ultrasonography (US) and to evaluate the potential role of CCL3 in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice. CCL3 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the plasma of S. mansoni-infected patients. CCL3-deficient mice were infected with 25 cercariae, and various inflammatory and infectious indices were evaluated. The concentration of CCL3 was higher in the plasma of S. mansoni-infected than noninfected patients. Moreover, CCL3 was greater in those with US-defined hepatosplenic than with the intestinal form of the disease. In CCL3-deficient mice, the size of the granuloma and the liver eosinophil peroxidase activity and collagen content were diminished compared to wild-type mice. In CCL3-deficient mice, the worm burden after 14 weeks of infection, but not after 9 weeks, was consistently smaller. The in vitro response of mesenteric lymph node cells to antigen stimulation was characterized by lower levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10. CCL3 is a marker of disease severity in infected humans, and experimental studies in mice suggest that CCL3 may be a causative factor in the development of severe schistosomiasis.
Present-day verticals and where to find them: A data-driven study on the transition to 5G

Much of the research about 5G networks deals with emerging or upcoming applications, e.g., self-driving cars and virtual reality. In this paper, we focus on present-day Internet services and assess which of them can benefit the most integration within 5G, i.e., which of today's service providers are the most likely to become 5G verticals. To this end, we leverage a large-scale, real-world, crowd-sourced dataset representing the data required by thousands of smartphone apps, and study the data rate and sparseness associated with each app. We argue that high-data rate, low-sparseness apps have the most to gain from 5G integration, and find that this category includes not only video streaming, but also peer-to-peer file transfer and mobile gaming applications.
Methylation of the oxytocin receptor gene mediates the effect of adversity on negative schemas and depression

Abstract Building upon various lines of research, we posited that methylation of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) would mediate the effect of adult adversity on increased commitment to negative schemas and in turn the development of depression. We tested our model using structural equation modeling and longitudinal data from a sample of 100 middle-aged, African American women. The results provided strong support for the model. Analysis of the 12 CpG sites available for the promoter region of the OXTR gene identified four factors. One of these factors was related to the study variables, whereas the others were not. This factor mediated the effect of adult adversity on schemas relating to pessimism and distrust, and these schemas, in turn, mediated the impact of OXTR methylation on depression. All indirect effects were statistically significant, and they remained significant after controlling for childhood trauma, age, romantic relationship status, individual differences in cell types, and average level of genome-wide methylation. These finding suggest that epigenetic regulation of the oxytocin system may be a mechanism whereby the negative cognitions central to depression become biologically embedded.
Travelling Chemotactic Aggregates at Mesoscopic Scale and BiStability

A model consisting of a kinetic equation for “run-and-tumble” biased bacteria motion, coupled with two reaction-diffusion equations for chemical signals, is studied. It displays time-asymptotic propagation at constant velocity, i.e., aggregated travelling (exponential) layers. To capture them for various parameters, a well-balanced setup is based on both “Case's elementary solutions" and $\mathcal{L}$-spline reconstruction. Far from the diffusive regime, waves travelling at different velocities (bistability) are proved to coexist. Numerics suggest that they are locally asymptotically stable, so that the resulting bifurcation diagram shows counterintuitive features.
Effects of different sources of phosphorus on digestibility and performance of Saanen goats (Capra aegagrus hircus)

Phosphorus is an essential mineral traditionally supplied as dicalcium phosphate in animal diet; however, alternative phosphorus sources should be explored. The objective of this research was to evaluate different sources of phosphorus for dairy goat’s diets. Four Saanen goats with average body-weight of 60 kg and a milk yield of 2,8 kg/d were treated with diets supplemented with dicalcium phosphate (DP), monoammonium phosphate (MP), supertriple phosphate (SP) and Araxa rock phosphate (ARP). Parameters such as mineral digestibility, plasma phosphorus and milk yield were evaluated. The experimental design was a 4 × 4 Latin square with four treatments. None of the phosphorus sources affected milk yield and milk composition, plasma levels of phosphorus, apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, ether extract, non-fiber carbohydrates, or TDN. The results show that alternative sources of phosphate such as supertriple phosphate, monoammonium phosphate and Araxa rock phosphate could be used as source of phosphorus in dairy goats. In addition, despite the high levels of fluoride in ARP, it appeared to be excreted well and did not influence in the physiology of the animals, although, additional studies should confirm these preliminary observations.
Mobile Edge Computing for Cellular-Connected UAV: Computation Offloading and Trajectory Optimization

This paper studies a new mobile edge computing (MEC) setup where an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is served by cellular ground base stations (GBSs) for computation offloading. The UAV flies between a given pair of initial and final locations, during which it needs to accomplish certain computation tasks by offloading them to some selected GBSs along its trajectory for parallel execution. Under this setup, we aim to minimize the UAV's mission completion time by optimizing its trajectory jointly with the computation offloading scheduling, subject to the maximum speed constraint of the UAV, and the computation capacity constraints at GBSs. The joint UAV trajectory and computation offloading optimization problem is, however, non-convex and thus difficult to be solved optimally. To tackle this problem, we propose an efficient algorithm to obtain a high-quality suboptimal solution. Numerical results show that the proposed design significantly reduces the UAV's mission completion time, as compared to benchmark schemes.
Markerless Respiratory Tumor Motion Prediction Using an Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Approach

Background: Accurate delivery of the prescribed dose to moving lung tumors is a key challenge in radiation therapy. Tumor tracking involves real-time specifying the target and correcting the geometry to compensate for the respiratory motion, that's why tracking the tumor requires caution. This study aims to develop a markerless lung tumor tracking method with a high accuracy. Methods: In this study, four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) images of 10 patients were used, and all the slices which contained the tumor were contoured for all patients. The first four phases of 4D-CT images which contained tumors were selected as input of the software, and the next six phases were considered as the output. A hybrid intelligent method, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), was used to evaluate motion of lung tumor. The root mean square error (RMSE) was used to investigate the accuracy of ANFIS performance for tumor motion prediction. Results: For predicting the positions of contoured tumors, the averages of RMSE for each patient were calculated for all the patients. The results showed that the RMSE did not have a major variation. Conclusions: The data in the 4D-CT images were used for motion tracking instead of using markers that lead to more information of tumor motion with respect to methods based on marker location.
Self‐objectification and disordered eating: A meta‐analysis

OBJECTIVE Objectification theory posits that self-objectification increases risk for disordered eating. METHOD The current study sought to examine the relationship between self-objectification and disordered eating using meta-analytic techniques. RESULTS Data from 53 cross-sectional studies (73 effect sizes) revealed a significant moderate positive overall effect (r = .39), which was moderated by gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and measurement of self-objectification. Specifically, larger effect sizes were associated with female samples and the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale. Effect sizes were smaller among heterosexual men and African American samples. Age, body mass index, country of origin, measurement of disordered eating, sample type and publication type were not significant moderators. DISCUSSION Overall, results from the first meta-analysis to examine the relationship between self-objectification and disordered eating provide support for one of the major tenets of objectification theory and suggest that self-objectification may be a meaningful target in eating disorder interventions, though further work is needed to establish temporal and causal relationships. Findings highlight current gaps in the literature (e.g., limited representation of males, and ethnic and sexual minorities) with implications for guiding future research.
EFFECTS OF BLOOD LACTATE ON OXYGEN UPTAKE KINETICS DURING RECOVERY AFTER SPRINT IN HUMANS

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of blood lactate level (La) on oxygen uptake ( · VO2) kinetics during recovery after short-term exercise with maximal effort (sprint). Three sprints were performed on a cycle ergometer with a load of 8% of body weight at maximal rotation rate. · VO2 kinetics and oxygen debt were determined after three sprint tests: one 10-s cycling sprint, five repeated 10-s cycling sprints with 6-min intervals and one 30-s cycling sprint. There was no significant difference between peak power outputs in the 10-s sprint and five sprints. There was no difference in · VO2 kinetics during recovery from one sprint and during recovery after five sprints. La peaked at 5 min. The peak value of La was significantly lower in one sprint (4.41 ± 0.9 mM) than in five sprints (7.01 ± 2.2 mM). Thus, despite a difference in La, there was no difference between · VO2 kinetics during recovery after one sprint and after five sprints. There was a significant difference in · VO2 between the five sprints and 30-s sprint from 70 s to 320 s during recovery, but there were no significant differences in La after 5 min of recovery. There were two phases in · VO2. They consisted of fast oxygen debt and slow oxygen debt. There were also no differences in slow and fast oxygen debts between the two 10-s sprints despite significant differences in blood lactate during recovery. Peak La in the five sprints was not significantly different from that in the 30-s sprint (8.68 ± 1.2 mM). However, slow oxygen debt was significantly greater in the 30-s sprint than in the five sprints. It is concluded that · VO2 kinetics during recovery are not affected by an increase in blood lactate.
On the Limitations of Computational Fuzzy Extractors

We present a negative result of fuzzy extractors with computational security. Specifically, we show that, under a certain computational condition, the existence of a computational fuzzy extractor implies the existence of an information-theoretic fuzzy extractor with slightly weaker parameters. The condition is that the generation procedure of the fuzzy extractor is efficiently invertible by an injective function. Our result implies that to circumvent the limitations of information-theoretic fuzzy extractors, we need to employ computational fuzzy extractors that are not invertible by injective functions.
Experimental control of Triatoma infestans in poor rural villages of Bolivia through community participation

Background Triatoma infestans is the main vector of Chagas disease in the southern cone countries. Present control strategies based on indoor and outdoor residual insecticide spraying are not sufficient to control disease transmission, particularly in Bolivia. Techniques based on the management of the human environment may be good alternatives or supplements. Methods Social and entomological surveys were carried out in four villages of Bolivia situated in the dry inter-Andean Valleys and the Chaco region. Risk factors for house infestation by T. infestans were identified, and an eco-health intervention based on education and community participation was carried out to reduce the risks of house infestation. It consisted of implementing simple and low cost vector control techniques such as coating of mud walls, cleaning activities and removal of poultry that enter rooms to lay eggs. Results The eco-health intervention significantly reduced the number of infested bedrooms, the mean abundance of T. infestans in bedrooms and beds, especially in the Chaco region. Mud wall coating was well accepted and could be proposed as a supplementary tool to the National Program of Chagas Disease Control to enhance the effects of insecticide sprayings. Conclusions Even if cleaning activities were still neglected, community participation proved to be effective in reducing house infestation.
Determination of volatile organic compounds exhaled by cell lines derived from hematological malignancies

Background: The gas human exhaled contains many volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which is related to the health status of body. Analysis of VOCs has been proposed as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for certain cancers. Detailed research on the VOCs in gas exhaled by cell can characterize cell type specific metabolites and may be helpful to detect the cancer markers in clinical practice. Methods: Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to detect VOCs in the headspace of tissue culture flask in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) cell line JEKO and acute mononuclear leukemia cell line SHI-1, to elaborate the characteristic gaseous biomarkers of hematological malignancies. While macrophage cells and lymphocytic cells were acted as control. The blank group was only the RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum that without cells. Results: Comparing with control group, the concentration of dimethyl sulfide, 2,4-dimethylheptane, methylbenzene, o-xylene, dodecane, and 1,3-di-tert-butylbenzene in JEKO cells was relatively higher, while the concentration of ethanol, hexanal, and benzaldehyde was lower. In SHI-1 cells, the levels of 2,4-dimethylheptane, benzene, 4-methyldecane, chloroform, 3,7-dimethyl dodecane, and hexadecane were significantly elevated, but the levels of hexanol and cyclohexanol were distinctly reduced. Conclusions: This pilot study revealed that the malignant hematological cells could change the components of VOCs in the cell culture flask in a cell type-specific pattern. The traits of VOCs in our setting offered new strategy for hematological malignancies tracing, and would act as potential biomarkers in diagnosis of malignant hematological diseases.
Projected Nonlinear Least Squares for Exponential Fitting

The modern ability to collect vast quantities of data poses a challenge for parameter estimation problems. When posed as a nonlinear least squares problem fitting a model to data, the cost of each iteration grows linearly with the amount of data and it can easily become prohibitively expensive to perform many iterations. Here we develop an approach that projects the data onto a low-dimensional subspace of the high-dimensional data that preserves the information in the original data. We provide results from both optimization and statistical perspectives showing that the information is preserved when the subspace angles between this projection and the Jacobian of the model at the current iterate remain small. However, for this approach to reduce computational complexity, both the projected model and Jacobian must be computed inexpensively. This is a constraint on the pairs of models and subspaces for which this approach provides a computational speedup. Here we consider the exponential fitting problem projected onto the range of Vandermonde matrix, for which the projected model and Jacobian can be computed in closed form using a generalized geometric sum formula. We further provide an inexpensive heuristic that picks this Vandermonde matrix so that the subspace angles with the Jacobian remain small and use this heuristic to update the subspace during optimization. Although the asymptotic cost still depends on the data dimension, the overall cost of this sequence of projected nonlinear least squares problems is less expensive than the original nonlinear least squares problem. Applied to the exponential fitting problem, this provides an algorithm that is not only faster in the limit of large data than the conventional nonlinear least squares approach, but is also faster than subspace based approaches such as HSVD.
Examination of the relationships between dietary restraint, alcohol, and adverse problems among women

ABSTRACT Objective: Women who report greater chronic dieting consume more alcohol, drink more frequently, and experience greater problems than women who report less chronic dieting. Alcohol may also temporarily disrupt a woman's dietary rules, leading to increased caloric intake and subsequent restriction. This study examined whether alcohol use mediated the relationship between dietary restraint and alcohol problems in a woman's daily life. Participants: Women (N = 59) completed the study by the fall of 2013. Methods: Participants completed up to six assessments for 10 days, including intended dietary restraint, alcohol use, and problems. Results: Drinking quantity partially mediated the relationship between dietary restraint and alcohol problems. For each drink consumed, there was a 1.4 times greater likelihood of eating after drinking, which was associated with greater intention to subsequently restrict calories. Conclusions: The types of drinks consumed and reasons for restricting one's caloric intake may inform the relationship between these behaviors.
Reporting Key Features in Cold-Adapted Bacteria

It is well known that cold environments are predominant over the Earth and there are a great number of reports analyzing bacterial adaptations to cold. Most of these works are focused on characteristics traditionally involved in cold adaptation, such as the structural adjustment of enzymes, maintenance of membrane fluidity, expression of cold shock proteins and presence of compatible solutes. Recent works based mainly on novel “omic” technologies have presented evidence of the presence of other important features to thrive in cold. In this work, we analyze cold-adapted bacteria, looking for strategies involving novel features, and/or activation of non-classical metabolisms for a cold lifestyle. Metabolic traits related to energy generation, compounds and mechanisms involved in stress resistance and cold adaptation, as well as characteristics of the cell envelope, are analyzed in heterotrophic cold-adapted bacteria. In addition, metagenomic, metatranscriptomic and metaproteomic data are used to detect key functions in bacterial communities inhabiting cold environments.
A Multi-layer Chinese Word Segmentation System Optimized for Out-of-domain Tasks

State-of-the-art Chinese word segmentation systems have achieved high performance when training data and testing data are from the same domain. However, they suffer from the generalizability problem when applied on test data from different domains. We introduce a multi-layer Chinese word segmentation system which can integrate the outputs from multiple heterogeneous segmentation systems. By training a second layer of large margin clas-siﬁer on top of the outputs from several Conditional Random Fields classiﬁers, it can utilize a small amount of in-domain training data to improve the performance. Experimental results show consistent improvement on F1 scores and OOV recall rates by applying the approach.
Genetic Variation in Functional Traits Influences Arthropod Community Composition in Aspen (Populus tremula L.)

We conducted a study of natural variation in functional leaf traits and herbivory in 116 clones of European aspen, Populus tremula L. , the Swedish Aspen (SwAsp) collection, originating from ten degrees of latitude across Sweden and grown in a common garden. In surveys of phytophagous arthropods over two years, we found the aspen canopy supports nearly 100 morphospecies. We identified significant broad-sense heritability of plant functional traits, basic plant defence chemistry, and arthropod community traits. The majority of arthropods were specialists, those coevolved with P. tremula to tolerate and even utilize leaf defence compounds. Arthropod abundance and richness were more closely related to plant growth rates than general chemical defences and relationships were identified between the arthropod community and stem growth, leaf and petiole morphology, anthocyanins, and condensed tannins. Heritable genetic variation in plant traits in young aspen was found to structure arthropod community; however no single trait drives the preferences of arthropod folivores among young aspen genotypes. The influence of natural variation in plant traits on the arthropod community indicates the importance of maintaining genetic variation in wild trees as keystone species for biodiversity. It further suggests that aspen can be a resource for the study of mechanisms of natural resistance to herbivores.