Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approaches to develop oracle for detecting deception in online chatting software

In this paper we will discuss several approaches that can be used to develop an oracle in chatting software. This oracle is meant to give early warning to the chatting software user about their chatting partner based on their communication. The approaches include expert rule, data mining, ontology as well as simple text processing. Even though the issue of privacy and free-information in cyber world is unavoidable, we believe that choices must be given so that stack holder such as parents can choose to have save environment for their children.
Pertumbuhan dan produksi stroberi (Fragaria vesca L.) pada volume media tanam dan frekuensi pemberian pupuk NPK berbeda

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh volume media tanam dan frekuensi pemberian pupuk NPK yang optimum untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi stroberi di dataran menengah (+600 m di atas permukaan laut). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 04 Maret sampai 28 September 2013 di Kebun Percobaan SDN Kebon Kawung, Desa Nanggerang, Kecamatan Cicurug - Sukabumi, sedangkan untuk analisis laboratorium di Laboratorium Pusat Kajian Hortikultura Tropika Institut Pertanian Bogor (PKHT – IPB) - Bogor. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor yaitu volume media tanam dan frekuensi pemberian pupuk. Media tanam yang digunakan adalah campuran tanah, pupuk kandang dan arang sekam (3:1:1) yang terdiri atas tiga volume yaitu 3 liter, 5 liter dan 7 liter. Pupuk yang digunakan merupakan pupuk majemuk yaitu NPK (16:16:16) dengan frekuensi pemberian dua kali, tiga kali dan empat kali. Dosis pupuk NPK (16:16:16) yang digunakan adalah 12g/ tanaman. Penggunaan media tanam dengan volume 7 liter menghasilkan jumlah stolon lebih banyak dan lebih panjang dibandingkan media tanam bervolume 3 liter. Frekuensi pemupukan dengan empat kali menghasilkan tajuk lebih tinggi dibandingkan dua kali pemupukan. Volume media tanam dan frekuensi pemberian pupuk berbeda, tidak mempengaruhi peubah tinggi crown, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah bunga, jumlah buah dan persentase fruitset. Stroberi yang dihasilkan mengandung PTT (padatan terlarut total) sekitar 6-11o Brix, ATT (asam terlarut total) sekitar 0,032 - 0,052 ml/10 g dan kandungan provitamin C berkisar antara 0,026-0,040 ml/10g.
Experience with a Task Control Architecture for Mobile Robots

T h i s paper presents a general-purpose architecture for oonyolling mobde robots, and describes a working mobile manipulator which uses the architecture to operate in a dynamic and uncertain environment. The target of this work is to develop a distributed robot architecture for planning, execution, monitoring, exception handling, and multiple task coordination. We report our progress to date on the architecture development and the performance of the working robot. In particular, we discuss temporal reasoning, execution monitoring. and context-dependent exception handling.
Keap1 regulates inflammatory signaling in Mycobacterium avium-infected human macrophages

Significance Inflammatory signaling is a central mechanism controlling host defenses to pathogens. Members of Mycobacterium avium complex cause disease in immunocompromised patients and in individuals with predisposing lung abnormalities. We provide evidence of a mechanism in human primary macrophages whereby the oxidative stress sensor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) negatively regulates inflammatory responses and thus facilitates intracellular growth of M. avium. Our findings are of high biological and clinical significance, as opportunistic infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria are receiving renewed attention because of increased incidence and difficulties in treatment. Altered Keap1 gene expression may also have vital clinical implications for other inflammation-associated conditions, opening novel research venues for translational research, for instance in the expanding field of host-targeted therapy for infectious diseases. Several mechanisms are involved in controlling intracellular survival of pathogenic mycobacteria in host macrophages, but how these mechanisms are regulated remains poorly understood. We report a role for Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), an oxidative stress sensor, in regulating inflammation induced by infection with Mycobacterium avium in human primary macrophages. By using confocal microscopy, we found that Keap1 associated with mycobacterial phagosomes in a time-dependent manner, whereas siRNA-mediated knockdown of Keap1 increased M. avium-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons (IFNs). We show evidence of a mechanism whereby Keap1, as part of an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex with Cul3 and Rbx1, facilitates ubiquitination and degradation of IκB kinase (IKK)-β thus terminating IKK activity. Keap1 knockdown led to increased nuclear translocation of transcription factors NF-κB, IFN regulatory factor (IRF) 1, and IRF5 driving the expression of inflammatory cytokines and IFN-β. Furthermore, knockdown of other members of the Cul3 ubiquitin ligase complex also led to increased cytokine expression, further implicating this ligase complex in the regulation of the IKK family. Finally, increased inflammatory responses in Keap1-silenced cells contributed to decreased intracellular growth of M. avium in primary human macrophages that was reconstituted with inhibitors of IKKβ or TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). Taken together, we propose that Keap1 acts as a negative regulator for the control of inflammatory signaling in M. avium-infected human primary macrophages. Although this might be important to avoid sustained or overwhelming inflammation, our data suggest that a negative consequence could be facilitated growth of pathogens like M. avium inside macrophages.
A comparative study of heat transfer analysis of fractional Maxwell fluid by using Caputo and Caputo–Fabrizio derivatives

A comparative analysis is carried out to study the unsteady flow of a Maxwell fluid in the presence of Newtonian heating near a vertical flat plate. The fractional derivatives presented by Caputo and Caputo–Fabrizio are applied to make a physical model for a Maxwell fluid. Exact solutions of the non-dimensional temperature and velocity fields for Caputo and Caputo–Fabrizio time-fractional derivatives are determined via the Laplace transform technique. Numerical solutions of partial differential equations are obtained by employing Tzou’s and Stehfest’s algorithms to compare the results of both models. Exact solutions with integer-order derivative (fractional parameter α = 1) are also obtained for both temperature and velocity distributions as a special case. A graphical illustration is made to discuss the effect of Prandtl number Pr and time t on the temperature field. Similarly, the effects of Maxwell fluid parameter λ and other flow parameters on the velocity field are presented graphically, as well as in tabular form.
New technique to assess the axilla for breast cancer metastases using cell separation technology

Introduction: Accurate staging of the axilla for metastatic disease is critical in deciding on the optimal management of patients with breast cancer. Lymph node status is the most powerful prognostic factor. Current standard surgical management of breast cancer involves axillary dissection for staging. Pathological staging by routine histology, however, is known to understage the disease extent because only one or two sections are taken from each node, a sampling of less than 1% of most nodes. Sentinel node biopsy is currently under trial to determine if thorough pathological staging of the most likely involved node is more accurate than standard pathological assessment of all nodes. The present pilot study was undertaken to investigate an alternative method of assessing all axillary nodes for cancer cells.
Escherichia coli on Cofactor Manipulation and Its istribution in Escherichia coli

Applications of genetic engineering or metabolic engineering have increased in both academic and industrial institutions. Most current metabolic engineering studies have focused on enzyme levels and on the effect of the amplification, addition, or deletion of a particular pathway. Although it is generally known that cofactors play a major role in the production of different fermentation products, their role has not been thoroughly and systematically studied. It is conceivable that in cofactor-dependent production systems, cofactor availability and the proportion of cofactor in the active form may play an important role in dictating the overall process yield. Hence, the manipulation of these cofactor levels may be crucial in order to further increase production. We have demonstrated that manipulation of cofactors can be achieved by external and genetic means and these manipulations have the potential to be used as an additional tool to achieve desired metabolic goals. We have shown experimentally that the NADH/NAD ratio can be altered by using carbon sources with different oxidation states. We have shown further that the metabolite distribution can be influenced by a change in the NADH/NAD ratio as mediated by the oxidation state of the carbon source used. We have also demonstrated that the total NAD(H/) levels can be increased by the overexpression of the pncB gene. The increase in the total NAD(H/) levels can be achieved even in a complex medium, which is commonly used by most industrial processes. Finally, we have shown that manipulation of the CoA pool/flux can be used to increase the productivity of a model product, isoamyl acetate.
A Sequential Minimization Technique for Elliptic Quasi-variational Inequalities with Gradient Constraints

A class of nonlinear elliptic quasi-variational inequality (QVI) problems with gradient constraints in function space is considered. Problems of this type arise, for instance, in the mathematical description of the magnetization of superconductors, in problems in elastoplasticity, or in electrostatics as well as in game theory. The paper addresses the iterative solution of the QVIs by a sequential minimization technique relying on the repeated solution of variational inequality--type problems. A monotone operator theoretic approach is developed which does not resort to Mosco convergence as is often done in connection with existence analysis for QVIs. For the numerical solution of the QVIs a penalty approach combined with a semismooth Newton iteration is proposed. The paper ends with a report on numerical tests involving the $p$-Laplace operator and various types of nonlinear constraints.
Unwanted Pregnancy And Induced Abortion In Nigeria : Causes And Consequences

The surveys could not have been fielded successfully without the participation and hard work of the field supervisors and interviewers, who are listed on the inside back cover. Assistance from the following colleagues facilitated the successful development and implementation of the surveys that are the basis for this report: Executive Summary ■ To have only the number of children she wants, the typical Nigerian woman must spend 10 years between the ages of 20 and 45 using effective contraceptive methods. ■ However, more than one-quarter (27%) of all Nigerian women aged 15–49 need effective contraception—that is, they are able to become pregnant, are sexually active, do not want a child soon or ever, but are not using any method of contraception (22%) or are using traditional methods (5%), which have high failure rates. ■ Six in 10 women (61%) who have ended an unwanted pregnancy by abortion were not using any method of family planning when they conceived; 33% were using a modern method, and 6% a traditional one. ■ Among the nonusers, 38% did not know about family planning, 19% believed that they would not get pregnant , 17% feared the side effects of contraceptives and 6% each lacked access to family planning and had partners or other family members who objected to contraceptive use. Induced abortion is widespread, and its practice takes many forms ■ Among Nigerian women of reproductive age, one in seven (14%) have tried to have an abortion, and one in 10 (10%) have actually ended an unwanted pregnancy. ■ The reasons women give for terminating a pregnancy suggest that two broad groups of women have abortions: young, unmarried, childless women, and married women with children who want to postpone or stop another birth. E ach year in Nigeria, hundreds of thousands of women become pregnant without wanting to, and many women with unwanted pregnancies decide to end them by abortion. Because abortion is legal only to save a woman's life, most procedures are clandestine, and many are carried out in unsafe circumstances. Unsafe abortions can endanger women's reproductive health and lead to serious, often life-threatening complications. Furthermore, unsafe abortions impose a heavy burden on women and society by virtue of the serious health consequences that often ensue: Treating these health problems is costly and consumes scarce resources at both public (government) and private health institutions. Because abortion is largely illegal, information on the procedure …
Fast Source Reconstruction for Bioluminescence Tomography Based on Sparse Regularization

Bioluminescence tomography (BLT) is an inherent ill-posed inverse problem to reconstruct the internal source in 3-D with limited measurements on the external surface. In most BLT studies so far, a relatively small permissible source region or multispectral approach is typically used to enhance the stability or quality of the solution. In this letter, considering the sparsity characteristic of the light source, BLT is reformulated as a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) problem with l1 regularization, and then, a fast reconstruction algorithm named as stagewise fast LASSO is proposed for solving this problem. Numerical simulations of a 3-D mouse atlas under different noise levels demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is robust against measurement noise, and it can achieve high computational efficiency and accurate localization of source even without any permissible region constraint.
A Case of Cochlear Nerve Deficiency Without Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Objective: To describe a case of cochlear nerve deficiency (CND) with unique otologic findings. Patient: A 6-year-old girl. Main Outcome Measures: Magnetic resonance imaging, pure tone audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brainstem response. Results: The patient showed moderate sensorineural hearing impairment limited to high frequency in the right ear on pure tone audiometry. The auditory brainstem response was absent on the right; however, distortion product otoacoustic emissions were detected on both sides. The right cochlear nerve at the level of the fundus was absent on 3-dimensional constructive interference in steady state magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: Most cases of CND show deafness or profound hearing loss, but the patient in this case had only moderate hearing loss. This finding provides evidence that auditory thresholds are variable in patients with CND. Therefore, careful evaluation is needed in diagnosis of patients with hearing loss.
Strong spurious transcription likely a cause of DNA insert bias in typical metagenomic clone libraries

Background Clone libraries provide researchers with a powerful resource with which to study nucleic acid from diverse sources. Metagenomic clone libraries in particular have aided in studies of microbial biodiversity and function, as well as allowed the mining of novel enzymes for specific functions of interest. These libraries are often constructed by cloning large-inserts (∼30 kb) into a cosmid or fosmid vector. Recently, there have been reports of GC bias in fosmid metagenomic clone libraries, and it was speculated that the bias may be a result of fragmentation and loss of AT-rich sequences during the cloning process. However, evidence in the literature suggests that transcriptional activity or gene product toxicity may play a role in library bias. Results To explore the possible mechanisms responsible for sequence bias in clone libraries, and in particular whether fragmentation is involved, we constructed a cosmid clone library from a human microbiome sample, and sequenced DNA from three different steps of the library construction process: crude extract DNA, size-selected DNA, and cosmid library DNA. We confirmed a GC bias in the final constructed cosmid library, and we provide strong evidence that the sequence bias is not due to fragmentation and loss of AT-rich sequences but is likely occurring after the DNA is introduced into E. coli. To investigate the influence of strong constitutive transcription, we searched the sequence data for consensus promoters and found that rpoD/σ70 promoter sequences were underrepresented in the cosmid library. Furthermore, when we examined the reference genomes of taxa that were differentially abundant in the cosmid library relative to the original sample, we found that the bias appears to be more closely correlated with the number of rpoD/σ70 consensus sequences in the genome than with simple GC content. Conclusions The GC bias of metagenomic clone libraries does not appear to be due to DNA fragmentation. Rather, analysis of promoter consensus sequences provides support for the hypothesis that strong constitutive transcription from sequences recognized as rpoD/σ70 consensus-like in E. coli may lead to plasmid instability or loss of insert DNA. Our results suggest that despite widespread use of E. coli to propagate foreign DNA, the effects of in vivo transcriptional activity may be under-appreciated. Further work is required to tease apart the effects of transcription from those of gene product toxicity.
A review on various optimization techniques of resource provisioning in cloud computing

<span lang="EN-US">Cloud computing is </span><span lang="EN-AU">the provision of IT resources (IaaS) on-demand using a pay as you go model over the internet</span><span lang="EN-US">. It is a</span><span lang="EN-AU"> broad and deep platform that helps customers builds sophisticated, scalable applications. </span><span lang="EN-US"> To get the full benefits, research on a wide range of topics is needed. While resource over-provisioning can cost users more than necessary, resource under provisioning hurts the application performance. The cost effectiveness of cloud computing highly depends on how well the customer can optimize the cost of renting resources (VMs) from cloud providers. The issue of resource provisioning optimization from cloud-consumer potential is a complicated optimization issue, which includes much uncertainty parameters. There is a much research avenue available for solving this problem as it is in the real-world. Here, in this paper we provide details about various optimization techniques for resource provisioning. </span>
Effect of a purA mutation on efficacy of Salmonella live-vaccine vectors

We made delta aroA, delta purA, and delta aroA delta purA derivatives of a strain of Salmonella dublin and isolated a nalidixate-resistant mutant of each construct. An inoculum of each of the nearly isogenic nalidixate-resistant auxotrophs was administered to BALB/c mice by gavage. The ability of each strain to colonize, invade, persist in tissues, and evoke serum and mucosal antibody responses to the lipopolysaccharide of the parent strain was examined. Only the delta aroA strain colonized, invaded, persisted, and (more importantly) evoked sustained significant serum and mucosal antibody responses. Neither the delta purA nor the delta aroA delta purA strain showed any of these abilities. These observations demonstrate that the purA defect, which causes a requirement for adenine, reduces the live-vaccine efficacy of attenuated Salmonella strains and may limit the effectiveness of Salmonella strains as carriers of heterologous antigens. These findings may be important in the selection of attenuated S. typhi strains for use in humans either as antityphoid live vaccines or as vectors for antigens of other pathogens.
Use of response surface methodology (RSM) for composite blends of low grade broken rice fractions and full-fat soybean flour by a twin-screw extrusion cooking process

In this study, seventeen (17) composite blends of broken rice fractions and full-fat soybean, formulated using response surface methodology and central composite design within a range of barrel temperatures (100-140 °C), initial feed moisture content (15-25%) and soybean composition (8-24%), were extruded with a twin-screw extruder and the expansion and color indices were optimized. The results indicated a significant (p<0.05) effect of extrusion conditions on the responses. Fitted predictive models had coefficients of 88.9%, 95.7%, 97.3%, 95.4% and 95.2%, respectively, for expansion index, bulk density, lightness, redness and yellowness. The p-value and lack-of-fit tests of the models could well explain the observed variability and therefore could be used to establish production setting for the twin-screw extruder. The optimum extrusion conditions were found to be 130 °C (barrel temperature), 20% (feed moisture level) and 23% feed soybean composition and optimum responses in terms of bulk density, expansion index, lightness, redness and yellowness chroma indices were 0.21 g cm -3 , 128.9%, 17.1, 3.13 and 24.5 respectively. This indicates that optimum conditions can be established in twin-screw extrusion cooking of broken rice fractions and full-fat soybean composite blends that can result in product of low bulk and maximum expansion with a satisfactory light yellow product color that can be used to produce products that valorize broken rice and reduce qualitative postharvest loss.
Endoplasmic Reticulum: The Favorite Intracellular Niche for Viral Replication and Assembly

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest intracellular organelle. It forms a complex network of continuous sheets and tubules, extending from the nuclear envelope (NE) to the plasma membrane. This network is frequently perturbed by positive-strand RNA viruses utilizing the ER to create membranous replication factories (RFs), where amplification of their genomes occurs. In addition, many enveloped viruses assemble progeny virions in association with ER membranes, and viruses replicating in the nucleus need to overcome the NE barrier, requiring transient changes of the NE morphology. This review first summarizes some key aspects of ER morphology and then focuses on the exploitation of the ER by viruses for the sake of promoting the different steps of their replication cycles.