Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mirror-based broadband scanner with minimized aberration

To obtain specific biochemical information in optical scanning microscopy, labeling technique is routinely required. Instead of the complex and invasive sample preparation procedures, incorporating spectral acquisition, which commonly requires a broadband light source, provides another mechanism to enhance molecular contrast. But most current optical scanning system is lens-based and thus the spectral bandwidth is limited to several hundred nanometers due to anti-reflection coating and chromatic aberration. The spectral range of interest in biological research covers ultraviolet to infrared. For example, the absorption peak of water falls around 3 μm, while most proteins exhibit absorption in the UV-visible regime. For imaging purpose, the transmission window of skin and cerebral tissues fall around 1300 and 1800 nm, respectively. Therefore, to extend the spectral bandwidth of an optical scanning system from visible to mid-infrared, we propose a system composed of metallic coated mirrors. A common issue in such a mirror-based system is aberrations induced by oblique incidence. We propose to compensate astigmatism by exchanging the sagittal and tangential planes of the converging spherical mirrors in the scanning system. With the aid of an optical design software, we build a diffraction-limited broadband scanning system with wavefront flatness better than λ/4 at focal plane. Combined with a mirror-based objective this microscopic system will exhibit full spectral capability and will be useful in microscopic imaging and therapeutic applications.
Effects of Switching Parameters on Resistive Switching Behaviors of Polycrystalline $\hbox{SrZrO}_{3}$ :Cr-Based Metal–Oxide–Metal Structures

Polycrystalline SrZrO3:Cr-based metal-oxide-metal (MOM) structures were fabricated on Si substrates by RF sputtering for commercial memory applications. From current-voltage measurements of the MOM structures, reproducible and bistable resistive switching behaviors were observed. In this paper, the effects of switching parameters, such as set power and voltage sweep rate, on the resistive switching characteristics of SrZrO3:Cr-based MOM structures were investigated. With increasing set power (= int I(V)dV, set voltage les V les 0) during set process [resistance change from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state (LRS)], the LRS current was increased, and the shape of the LRS curve was changed from nonlinear to linear. Also, as the voltage sweep rate was decreased from 50 to 0.5 V/s, the current level of the LRS was increased, and the resistive switching behavior was more clearly observed. The results suggest that the change in switching behaviors is attributed to the variation of local conduction paths and that resistive switching behaviors are energy dependent.
Myeloproliferative Disorders

Forty-three operative procedures were performed on a population of 250 patients with myeloproliferative disorders, including polycythemia vera, myeloid metaplasia (MM) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The overall operative mortality was approximately 7% and the incidence of excessive bleeding which could be related to coagulopathy was 5%. Twenty-one patients with MM or CML underwent splenectomy for palliation of symptoms related to the enlarged spleen or hematologic problems. Eighty-four percent of the latter group were improved. Adverse hematologic effects which could be attributed to splenectomy in these patients were confined to two patients who developed marked thrombocytosis. Among the 23 patients with MM, 9 had portal hypertension. Three underwent portacaval shunt and one a splenorenal shunt for bleeding varices. One of the patients died of hepatic necrosis. Estimated hepatic blood flow determinations (EHBF) in 4 patients with portal hypertension demonstrated a marked absolute increase and an increase in the ratio of EHBF/Cardiac Index. Absence of any evidence of intrahepatic or extrahepatic obstruction in these patients and the demonstration that splenectomy relieved portal hypertension defined at surgery in 4 patients, suggests that augmented adhepatic flow contributes to portal hypertension in some cases. The review leads to the conclusions that: 1) Operative procedures in prepared patients with myeloproliferative disorders are not associated with prohibitive mortality and morbidity rates. 2) Splenectomy is indicated for patients with increasing transfusion requirements and symptomatic splenomegaly or hypersplenism and should be performed early in the course of disease. 3) When associated portal hypertension and bleeding varices are present, hemodynamic studies should be carried out to define if splenectomy alone, or a portal systemic decompressive procedure is indicated.
Sex and Context: Hormones and Primate Sexual Motivation

Gonadal hormones regulate the ability to copulate in most mammalian species, but not in primates because copulatory ability has been emancipated from hormonal control. Instead, gonadal hormones primarily influence sexual motivation. This separation of mating ability from hormonally modulated mating interest allows social experience and context to powerfully influence the expression of sexual behavior in nonhuman primates, both developmentally and in adulthood. For example, male rhesus monkeys mount males and females equally as juveniles, but mount females almost exclusively as adults. Having ejaculated with a female better predicted this transition to female mounting partners than did increased pubertal testosterone (T). It is proposed that increased pubertal T stimulates male sexual motivation, increasing the male's probability of sexual experience with females, ultimately producing a sexual preference for females. Eliminating T in adulthood reduces male sexual motivation in both humans and rhesus monkeys, but does not eliminate the capacity to engage in sex. In male rhesus monkeys the effects of reduced androgens on sexual behavior vary with social status and sexual experience. Human sexual behavior also varies with hormonal state, social context, and cultural conventions. Ovarian hormones influence female sexual desire, but the specific sexual behaviors engaged in are affected by perceived pregnancy risk, suggesting that cognition plays an important role in human sexual behavior. How the physical capacity to mate became emancipated from hormonal regulation in primates is not understood. This emancipation, however, increases the importance of motivational systems and results in primate sexual behavior being strongly influenced by social context.
Catalytic behavior at the nanoscale: CO adsorption on Al2O3-supported Pt clusters

The study of the adsorption and growth of metals on ceramics is a rapidly growing area, as these interactions are key to understanding many materials and processes used in modern technology. In particular, oxide-supported catalysts have been extensively studied, due to their widespread industrial applications. Knowledge of the role played by the underlying metal oxide in the reactivity of the metal catalyst can give insights into the design of more effective catalysts. Here, we use density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the adsorption of CO onto 1) bulk Pt, 2) Pt thin layers supported on an alpha-alumina surface and 3) Pt nanoparticles on alpha-alumina. Our results show strong binding for CO molecules on the surfaces of both the thin Pt layers and the 3-atom nanoparticles supported on alumina substrates. This enhanced binding can possibly lead to more reactive catalysts. Further calculations on reaction products are needed to determine the effectiveness of these new systems.
Effect of Wrinkled Microstructure on Surface Wettability of Ginkgo Leaves

In this work, the effect of wrinkled microstructures on surface wettbility of ginkgo leaf was investigated. The upper and lower layers of the ginkgo leaf were comparatively measured by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for contrast of morphological characters. Measurement results show that the upper epidermis is mainly composed of regularly long-rangle stripes of cellular structures with gently smooth cell wall. On the other hand, the lower one is made up of chaotically isolated cellular structures with wrinkled cell wall. The comparative measurement of contact angle (CA) and roll-off angle in the upper and lower epidermis with deionized water was conducted. Wetting behaviors indicate that the lower has stronger hydrophobicity and weaker adhesion than the upper. Through theoretical analysis, the difference in wettability and adhesion was the result of isolated micro-bumps made by hierarchical wrinkles on the lower epidermis, leading to form solid-air-liquid interface between water and wrinkled surface. This research explains the difference of ginkgo leaf in wettability, and has important reference value in the design and preparation of the surface for the biomimetic materials.
Empirical Study on Multi-Path Benefits on Interactive Video

The oncoming prosperity of interactive multimedia application triggers significant challenge to current best-effort Internet because of the dynamic and unpredictable available bandwidth, end-to-end delay, and packet loss. Recently, overlay technique has emerged as an approach to help mitigating these problems. In order to understand the potential benefits of using multi-path provided by overlay network to interactive video, this paper examines the performance of two special multi-path deliver schemes - dual-path mesh and dual-path round robin, and compares their metrics of round-trip delay, packet loss, one-way delay jitter to the direct Internet path by analyzing 7 days of data collected from 102 geographically diverse PlanetLab nodes. By mapping the collected data with MPEG-4 coded "Foreman" video sequence, the paper also presents multi-path benefit on peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).
Gastrointestinal, selective airways and urinary bladder relaxant effects of Hyoscyamus niger are mediated through dual blockade of muscarinic receptors and Ca2+ channels

This study describes the spasmolytic, antidiarrhoeal, antisecretory, bronchodilatory and urinary bladder relaxant properties of Hyoscyamus niger to rationalize some of its medicinal uses. The crude extract of H. niger seeds (Hn.Cr) caused a complete concentration‐dependent relaxation of spontaneous contractions of rabbit jejunum, similar to that caused by verapamil, whereas atropine produced partial inhibition. Hn.Cr inhibited contractions induced by carbachol (1 μm) and K+ (80 mm) in a pattern similar to that of dicyclomine, but different from verapamil and atropine. Hn.Cr shifted the Ca2+ concentration–response curves to the right, similar to that caused by verapamil and dicyclomine, suggesting a Ca2+ channel‐blocking mechanism in addition to an anticholinergic effect. In the guinea‐pig ileum, Hn.Cr produced a rightward parallel shift of the acetylcholine curves, followed by a non‐parallel shift with suppression of the maximum response at a higher concentration, similar to that caused by dicyclomine, but different from that of verapamil and atropine. Hn.Cr exhibited antidiarrhoeal and antisecretory effects against castor oil‐induced diarrhoea and intestinal fluid accumulation in mice. In guinea‐pig trachea and rabbit urinary bladder tissues, Hn.Cr caused relaxation of carbachol (1 μm) and K+ (80 mm) induced contractions at around 10 and 25 times lower concentrations than in gut, respectively, and shifted carbachol curves to the right. Only the organic fractions of the extract had a Ca2+ antagonist effect, whereas both organic and aqueous fractions had anticholinergic effect. A constituent, β‐sitosterol exhibited Ca2+ channel‐blocking action. These results suggest that the antispasmodic effect of H. niger is mediated through a combination of anticholinergic and Ca2+ antagonist mechanisms. The relaxant effects of Hn.Cr occur at much lower concentrations in the trachea and bladder. This study offers explanations for the medicinal use of H. niger in treating gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders and bladder hyperactivity.
Antipodal Vivaldi antenna UWB antenna with 5.5GHz band-notch characteristics

This paper presents a compact antipodal Vivaldi antenna for UWB allocation with band dispersion characteristics. The main purpose of this design is the reduction of three parameter such as transient distortion, reflection co-efficient & surface wave loss. The proposed antenna has the capability to operate over the bandwidth 3-11GHz at return loss <; -10 dB, except the bandwidth of 5-6GHz for WLAN. By cutting Ω-shaped slot in the radiating patch frequency band notch created. The antenna is successfully designed and simulated, it showing broadband matched impedance, stable gain and radiation pattern over a operating bandwidth.
Interplay between Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 and Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Mediated by Neuregulin Signaling Leads to Differential Effects on Tau Phosphorylation and Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) have been implicated in pathogenic processes associated with Alzheimer's disease because both kinases regulate tau hyperphosphorylation and enhance amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing leading to an increase in amyloid β (Aβ) production. Here we show that young p25 overexpressing mice have enhanced cdk5 activity but reduced GSK3β activity attributable to phosphorylation at the inhibitory GSK3β–serine 9 (GSK3β–S9) site. Phosphorylation at this site was mediated by enhanced activity of the neuregulin receptor complex, ErbB, and activation of the downstream phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt pathway. Young p25 mice had elevated Aβ peptide levels, but phospho-tau levels were decreased overall. Thus, cdk5 appears to play a dominant role in the regulation of amyloidogenic APP processing, whereas GSK3β plays a dominant role in overall tau phosphorylation. In older mice, GSK3β inhibitory phosphorylation at S9 was reduced relative to young mice. Aβ peptide levels were still elevated but phospho-tau levels were either unchanged or showed a trend to increase, suggesting that GSK3β activity increases with aging. Inhibition of cdk5 by a specific inhibitor reduced cdk5 activity in p25 mice, leading to reduced Aβ production in both young and old mice. However, in young mice, cdk5 inhibition reversed GSK3β inhibition, leading to an increase in overall tau phosphorylation. When cdk5 inhibitor was administered to very old, nontransgenic mice, inhibition of cdk5 reduced Aβ levels, and phospho-tau levels showed a trend to increase. Thus, cdk5 inhibitors may not be effective in targeting tau phosphorylation in the elderly.
The relationship between UGT1A1 gene polymorphism and irinotecan effect on extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer

Aims To analyze the distribution of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A1 gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (E-SCLC), and to evaluate correlations between the UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms and toxicity, and efficacy of irinotecan (CPT-11) based regimen in the patients with E-SCLC. Methods The study analyzed the distribution of UGT1A1*28/*6 gene polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction amplification and pyrosequencing. The analysis of UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6 gene polymorphisms was performed in 67 patients with E-SCLC admitted to the clinic in the Department of Oncology from June 2011 to January 2013. A total of 67 cases with E-SCLC treated with irinotecan (CPT-11)-based regimen were enrolled to observe the adverse events and efficacy during the chemotherapy, including objective response rate, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The correlation between UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms and severe adverse events was analyzed. The influences of UGT1A1*6/*28 polymorphisms on objective response rate, PFS, and OS were also analyzed. Results The distribution of UGT1A1 genotypes among 67 patients was as follows: UGT1A1*28 wild-type (WT) genotype TA6/6 (56, 83.6%), heterozygous mutant genotype TA6/7 (11, 16.4%); UGT1A1*6 WT genotype G/G (45, 67.2%), heterozygous mutant genotype G/A (22, 32.8%); no significant difference of PFS and OS was observed between different genotypes. The incidence of grade 3 and 4 delayed diarrhea and neutropenia in the patients carrying UGT1A1*6 G/A mutation was higher than that in the WT genotype (36.4% vs 6.6% P=0.034; 27.2% vs 4.4% P=0.026, respectively). The incidence of grade 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia in the patients carrying UGT1A1*28 TA6/7 mutation was higher than that in the WT genotype (27.2% vs 1.8% P=0.017). The patients simultaneously carrying UGT1A1*28 TA6/7 and UGT1A1*6 G/A mutations were prone to suffering grade 3 and 4 delayed diarrhea and neutropenia. Conclusion For irinotecan-based regimens in E-SCLC, the UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6 locus mutations can be regarded as predictors for severe adverse events. We also found that neither clinical response nor prognosis was significantly associated with the UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms.
Effects of alterations of inspiratory and expiratory pressures and inspiratory/expiratory ratios on mean airway pressure, blood gases, and intracranial pressure.

Twenty neonates requiring mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure, including 13 with hyaline membrane disease, were studied to assess the effects of alterations in ventilator settings on mean airway pressure (MAP), blood gases, and intracranial pressure (ICP). The study involved random alterations in peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and inspiratory/expiratory ratio while MAP, PaO2, ICP, and end-tibal PCO2 were continuously monitored. The results showed a significant relationship between MAP and PaO2 that was expressed as the change in PaO2 per millimeter of mercury change in MAP (delta PaO2/delta MAP) with a mean delta PaO2/delta MAP of 4.92. The delta PaO2/delta MAP was highest for changes in PEEP (6.08), followed by PIP (5.07), and inspiratory/expiratory ratio (1.9). There was a significant relationship between alterations in PEEP and PIP vs PaCO2 and pH. Increases in PEEP and decreases in PIP resulted in an elevated PaCO2 and a lowered pH, and decreases in PEEP and increases in PIP resulted in a decreased PaCO2 and an elevated pH. There was no significant relationship between MAP and ICP, but there was a significant association between delta ICP and delta PaCO2 during alterations in PIP (r = .64, P less than .001). Increases in PEEP will lead to the greatest increase in PaO2 per change in MAP, followed by increase in PIP and inspiratory/expiratory ratio using a pressure-limited ventilator.
Programming Secure and Robust Pervasive Computing Applications

We have developed a programming framework for building cont ext-aware multi-user collaborative applications in pervasive computing environments. It supp orts context-sensitive security and multi-user coordination requirements. It also supports error handlin g in pervasive computing applications through an exception handling model. In this paper we present the pro gramming framework and demonstrate its utility for building context-aware, secure, fault-tol erant pervasive computing applications. We also demonstrate integration of an agent-based distributed eve nt monitoring system for gathering context information that is derived from sensor data.
On Capturing 3D Isotropic Surface Texture using Uncalibrated Photometric Stereo

We propose an uncalibrated method for acquiring the normal and albedo fields of an isotropic 3D surface texture illuminated at a constant slant angle. The method is 'uncalibrated' in that the illumination vectors are not known a priori. We assume single point lighting of a rough Lambertian surface lying in the x-y plane. We use Hayakawa's uncalibrated photometric stereo algorithm to simultaneously estimate the scaled surface normals and the illumination vectors in an arbitrary coordinate system. The use of constant illumination slant intensity data means that the required orientation to a viewer coordinate system simply involves a z-axis rotation. Orientation in the x-y plane is determined by applying a frequency domain method for estimating illumination tilt angles. Preliminary results from simulations and real data are provided.
Reconstitution of cytomegalovirus‐specific T‐cell response in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell recipients: the contribution of six frequently recognized, virus‐encoded ORFs

The reactivation of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in immunosuppressed patients is associated with significant morbidity. Testing HCMV‐specific T‐cell responses can help determine which patients are at high risk of HCMV disease. We optimized selection of HCMV antigens for detection of T‐cell response of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with the aim of identifying patients with insufficient control of HCMV reactivation.
An Anomaly Intrusion Detection Model Based on Limited Labeled Instances

Unsupervised or supervised anomaly intrusion detection techniques have great utility with the context of network intrusion detection system. However, large amount of labeled attack instances used by supervised approaches are difficult to obtain. And this makes most existing supervised techniques hardly be implemented in the real world. Unsupervised methods are superior in their independency on prior knowledge, but it is also very difficult for these methods to achieve high detection rate as well as low false positive rate. In this paper, we proposed an anomaly intrusion detection model based on small labeled instances that outperform existing unsupervised methods with a detection performance very close to that of the supervised one. We evaluated our methods by conducting experiments with network records from the KDD CUP 1999 data set. The results showed that our algorithm is an efficient method in detecting both known and unknown attacks.
Towards bendable CMOS magnetic sensors

This paper analyses the bending-induced stress effects on ultra-thin cross-shaped magnetic sensors operating in voltage- or current-modes. Both the magnetic sensor's sensitivity and the offset drift have been analysed. The optimum geometry and thickness of the Hall sensor are the important parameters to be analysed to compensate any mechanical stress related effect on the performance of sensors. Numerical simulations are carried out using the finite element method (FEM) with COMSOL Multiphysicsr software. A compact model is implemented in Verilog-A and used for the simulations in Cadence® Spectre, considering a 350 nm CMOS process. The simulation results focus on magnetic sensor's sensitivity variation and offset drift induced by bending of the substrate. The simulation results show a sensitivity of 71 V/AT at 100 mT. Interestingly, the sensitivity variation induced by 250 MPa applied uniaxial stress is less than 0.02 %.
Moexipril and left ventricular hypertrophy

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors today are the standard therapy of patients with myocardial infarction and heart failure due to their proven beneficial effects in left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular function. ACE inhibitors have also been demonstrated to lead to regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). It is believed that the mechanism of action of LVH regression with ACE inhibitors arises from more than simple blood pressure reduction. LVH is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality independent of blood pressure. Moexipril hydrochloride is a long-acting, non-sulfhydryl ACE inhibitor that can be taken once daily for the treatment of hypertension. Moexipril has now also been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on LVH and can lead to LVH regression.