Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Marriage Market Accounting – A Note ∗

This note looks at three puzzling observations related to sex ratios and accounting in the marriage market. I show how an often used static logic has trouble handling these observations. I then demonstrate how explicitly including dynamic considerations like the age gap between husbands and wives can resolve the three puzzles. This demonstrates that ignoring dynamic concerns in models of the marriage market can lead to very misleading results. The standard way of writing market clearing in the marriage market is static. Let M and W denote the total number of men and women in the economy. Assume that except for gender, all agents are identical. Let sm and sw be the fraction of men and women who remain single throughout their lives. Allowing for polygamy, let n be the number of wives per man. The marriage market clears when demand for brides equals supply of brides: n(1− sm)M = (1− sw)W. (1) ∗I would like to thank Berthold Herrendorf, Larry E. Jones, Narayana Kocherlakota, James MacGee, Ellen McGrattan, Cristina de Nardi, and Alice Schoonbrodt for helpful comments. All errors are mine. Where n > 1 can be interpreted as polygyny and n < 1 as polyandry.
Limited Transfer of Newly Acquired Movement Patterns across Walking and Running in Humans

The two major modes of locomotion in humans, walking and running, may be regarded as a function of different speed (walking as slower and running as faster). Recent results using motor learning tasks in humans, as well as more direct evidence from animal models, advocate for independence in the neural control mechanisms underlying different locomotion tasks. In the current study, we investigated the possible independence of the neural mechanisms underlying human walking and running. Subjects were tested on a split-belt treadmill and adapted to walking or running on an asymmetrically driven treadmill surface. Despite the acquisition of asymmetrical movement patterns in the respective modes, the emergence of asymmetrical movement patterns in the subsequent trials was evident only within the same modes (walking after learning to walk and running after learning to run) and only partial in the opposite modes (walking after learning to run and running after learning to walk) (thus transferred only limitedly across the modes). Further, the storage of the acquired movement pattern in each mode was maintained independently of the opposite mode. Combined, these results provide indirect evidence for independence in the neural control mechanisms underlying the two locomotive modes.
Modeling of threshold and dynamics behavior of organic nanostructured lasers

Organic dye molecules offer significant potential as gain media in the emerging field of optical amplification and lasing at subwavelength scales. Here, we investigate the laser dynamics in systems comprising subwavelength-structured cavities that incorporate organic dyes. To this end, we have developed a comprehensive theoretical framework able to accurately describe the interaction of organic molecules with any arbitrary photonic structure to produce single-mode lasing. The model provides explicit analytic expressions of the threshold and slope efficiency that characterize this class of lasers, and also the duration over which lasing action can be sustained before the dye photobleaches. Both the physical properties of the dyes and the optical properties of the cavities are considered. We also systematically studied the feasibility of achieving lasing action under continuous-wave excitation in optically pumped monolithic organic dye lasers. This study suggests routes to realize an organic laser that can potentially lase with a threshold of only a few W cm−2. Our work puts forward a theoretical formalism that could enable the advancement of nanostructured organic-based light emitting and sensing devices.
How Understanding Attachment Enhances Group Therapist Effectiveness

This issue, dedicated to attachment paradigms and how they relate to group psychotherapy, significantly advances our understanding of the interface of attachment and group therapy and the way in which we can employ this understanding to improve effectiveness as group therapists. The attachment paradigm is central in linking the psychological work of therapy to its neurobiological underpinnings, melding brain, mind, and body (Maunder & Hunter, 2015). The science of our work evolves through an ever-growing understanding of our models and techniques, as we implement what has repeatedly emerged as cornerstones of effective group psychotherapy: the establishment and maintenance of group cohesiveness and the utilization of receptive and expressive components of empathy (Leszcz, 2014; Norcross & Wampold, 2011).
Fundamental study on effect of preceding vehicle information on fuel consumption reduction of a vehicle group

It is a concern that eco-driving vehicles, because their driving behavior differs from other vehicles due to e.g. e-start, may inhibit smooth traffic flow. Therefore, it is necessary to study the cooperative eco-driving done by a vehicle group, putting “vehicle-to-vehicle communication” and “road-to-vehicle communication” into perspective. Based on these factors, this study aimed to: 1) Analyze fuel consumption rates and driving behaviors of more than one vehicle following an Eco-Driving vehicle. 2) Examine the effect of information on the fuel consumption rate of the preceding vehicles on the following vehicles. As a result, the following findings were obtained: 1) By providing information to multiple following vehicles, the fuel consumption rate of the second vehicle was not lowered, while that of the third one was. 2) It is possible that, when information on fuel consumption of a preceding vehicle is provided to the following one, an inter-vehicular distance is shortened during deceleration to contribute to smooth traffic flow. From the above results, it is suggested that, when targeting a vehicle group, sharing the information on preceding vehicles is effective.
ACIA, not ACID: Conditions, Properties and Challenges

Although ACID is the previous golden rule for transaction support, durability is now not a basic requirement for data storage. Rather, high availability is becoming the first-class property required by online applications. We show that high availability of data is almost surely a stronger property than durability. We thus propose ACIA (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Availability) as the new standard for transaction support. Essentially, the shift from ACID to ACIA is due to the change of assumed conditions for data management. Four major condition changes exist. With ACIA transactions, more diverse requirements can be flexibly supported for applications through the specification of consistency levels, isolation levels and fault tolerance levels. Clarifying the ACIA properties enables the exploitation of techniques used for ACID transactions, as well as bringing about new challenges for research.
Low-Density Arrays of Circulant Matrices: Rank and Row-Redundancy Analysis, and Quasi-Cyclic LDPC Codes

This paper is concerned with general analysis on the rank and row-redundancy of an array of circulants whose null space defines a QC-LDPC code. Based on the Fourier transform and the properties of conjugacy classes and Hadamard products of matrices, we derive tight upper bounds on rank and row-redundancy for general array of circulants, which make it possible to consider row-redundancy in constructions of QC-LDPC codes to achieve better performance. We further investigate the rank of two types of construction of QC-LDPC codes: constructions based on Vandermonde Matrices and Latin Squares and give combinatorial expression of the exact rank in some specific cases, which demonstrates the tightness of the bound we derive. Moreover, several types of new construction of QC-LDPC codes with large row-redundancy are presented and analyzed.
Gemeinsam hilfreich oder einsam lästig? Beurteilung von praktikumsbegleitenden Weblogs von angehenden Lehrpersonen

Weblogs werden an Hochschulen vermehrt zur Unterstutzung von Lern- und Reflexionsprozessen eingesetzt, in der Lehrer/innenbildung auch zunehmend wahrend der berufspraktischen Ausbildung. Die Studierenden beurteilen den Einsatz von Weblogs jedoch unterschiedlich. Dabei ist wenig bekannt, welchen Einfluss die Vergabe und das Erhalten von Peerfeedback auf den Beurteilungsprozess von praktikumsbegleitenden Weblogs sowie auf den Umfang von Blogpostings haben. Im folgenden Beitrag wird dieser Frage mittels einer Befragung von 74 angehenden Lehrpersonen nachgegangen, die praktikumsbegleitende Weblogs mit oder ohne Peerfeedback nutzten, um uber herausfordernde Ereignisse im Praktikum zu reflektieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Studierende, die Peerfeedback erhielten und andere Blogbeitrage kommentierten, den Weblogeinsatz nutzlicher einschatzen sowie eine hohere Motivation und positivere Einstellung gegenuber den Einsatz von Weblogs aufweisen als Studierende, die ohne Peerfeedback bloggen. Keinen Einfluss hat Peerfeedback auf den Umfang der Blogbeitrage und auf die dafur aufgewendete Zeit.
GeoCast—geographic addressing and routing

In the near future GPS will be widely used, thus allowing a broad variety of location dependent services such as direction giving, navigation, etc. In this paper we propose and evaluate a Touting and addressing method to integrate geographic coordinates into the Internet Protocol to enable the creation of location dependent services. The main challenge is to integrate the concept of physical location into the current design of the Internet which relies on logical addressing.
Perceived job insecurity, psychological capital and job attitudes: An investigation in Hong Kong

This study examined the effects of perceived job insecurity and psychological capital on employees' organisational commitment and job satisfaction. It also explored the moderating role of psychological capital in the relationships between perceived job insecurity and the two attitudinal outcomes. Drawing upon literature on work stress, psychological contracts and positive psychology, several hypotheses were developed and tested with a data set consisting of 257 workers employed in various occupations in Hong Kong. Regression analyses showed that perceived job insecurity had a significant negative effect on both organisational commitment and job satisfaction. As expected, the three components of psychological capital (ie hope, resilience and optimism) predicted organisational commitment and job satisfaction in a positive manner. This study also showed that only resilience, but not hope and optimism, moderated the relationships between perceived job insecurity and the attitudinal outcomes.
PPl 15: The First Brown Dwarf Spectroscopic Binary

PPl 15 is the first object to have been confirmed as a brown dwarf by the lithium test (in 1995), though its inferred mass was very close to the substellar limit. It is a member of the Pleiades open cluster. Its position in a cluster color-magnitude diagram suggested that it might be binary, and preliminary indications that it is a double-lined spectroscopic binary were reported by us in 1997. Here we report on the results of a consecutive week of Keck HIRES observations of this system, which yield its orbit. It has a period of about 5.8 days, and an eccentricity of 0.4 ± 0.05. The rotation of the stars is slow for this class of objects. Because the system luminosity is divided between two objects with a mass ratio of 0.85, each of them is rendered an incontrovertible brown dwarf, with masses between 60 and 70 MJ. We show that component B is a little redder than A by studying their wavelength-dependent line ratios and that this variation is compatible with the mass ratio. We confirm that the system has lithium but cannot support the original conclusion that it is depleted (which would be surprising, given the new masses). This is a system of very close objects, which, if they had combined, would have produced a low-mass star. We discuss the implications of this discovery for the theories of binary formation and formation of very low mass objects.
Corticospinal Inputs to Primate Motoneurons Innervating the Forelimb from Two Divisions of Primary Motor Cortex and Area 3a

Previous anatomical work in primates has suggested that only corticospinal axons originating in caudal primary motor cortex (“new M1”) and area 3a make monosynaptic cortico-motoneuronal connections with limb motoneurons. By contrast, the more rostral “old M1” is proposed to control motoneurons disynaptically via spinal interneurons. In six macaque monkeys, we examined the effects from focal stimulation within old and new M1 and area 3a on 135 antidromically identified motoneurons projecting to the upper limb. EPSPs with segmental latency shorter than 1.2 ms were classified as definitively monosynaptic; these were seen only after stimulation within new M1 or at the new M1/3a border (incidence 6.6% and 1.3%, respectively; total n = 27). However, most responses had longer latencies. Using measures of the response facilitation after a second stimulus compared with the first, and the reduction in response latency after a third stimulus compared with the first, we classified these late responses as likely mediated by either long-latency monosynaptic (n = 108) or non-monosynaptic linkages (n = 108). Both old and new M1 generated putative long-latency monosynaptic and non-monosynaptic effects; the majority of responses from area 3a were non-monosynaptic. Both types of responses from new M1 had significantly greater amplitude than those from old M1. We suggest that slowly conducting corticospinal fibers from old M1 generate weak late monosynaptic effects in motoneurons. These may represent a stage in control of primate motoneurons by the cortex intermediate between disynaptic output via an interposed interneuron seen in nonprimates and the fast direct monosynaptic connections present in new M1. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The corticospinal tract in Old World primates makes monosynaptic connections to motoneurons; previous anatomical work suggests that these connections come only from corticospinal tract (CST) neurons in the subdivision of primary motor cortex within the central sulcus (“new M1”) and area 3a. Here, we show using electrophysiology that cortico-motoneuronal connections from fast conducting CST fibers are indeed made exclusively from new M1 and its border with 3a. However, we also show that all parts of M1 and 3a have cortico-motoneuronal connections over more slowly conducting CST axons, as well as exert disynaptic effects on motoneurons via interposed interneurons. Differences between old and new M1 are thus more subtle than previously thought.
A paths algebra framework for routing and resources assignment in EONs

Routing and resources assignment represent one of the major challenges for Elastic Optical Networks (EONs). In this paper we propose a general mathematical framework based on paths algebra that allows the implementation of differentiated services according to different policies. The framework enables to consider simultaneously different metrics associated to the optical links. Any number of linear and non-linear metrics can be used. In this way, Quality of Service (QoS); Quality of Transport (QoT), Quality of Network Economics (QoNE), Quality of Energy (QoEn) etc. can be optimized.
A new approach of vehicle detection in complex environments

Vehicle detection is a major way of subtracting moving vehicles from traffic flow images in ITS. In order to acquire an accurate background from the constantly changing traffic environment, we design and realize a robust background updating model based on single Gaussian distribution. Then, we use the method of local normalization to subtract the texture image, and carry out texture segmentation to acquire the moving vehicles by virtue of the Laws' texture energy method. The experiment shows that this method can efficiently eliminate the effect of the vehicle shadows and bright pavements and it is especially suitable for the nighttime vehicle detection in complex traffic environments with streetlights.
Anatomy of open source software projects: Evolving dynamics of innovation landscape in open source software ecology

Open source software (OSS) has been studied as a popular example of open innovation. Models used in open software development are innovative in several ways, to the point that they are only recognized as valid models at all since they have actually produced mature and stable software more in a swift fashion. Some studies attempt to answer the OSS's development model, way to produce the quality products and distributed development model driven by motivated voluntary developers found in OSS. However, they are usually focused on handful projects and often miss to represent the whole world of OSS development. We analyze FLOSSMetrics database and SourceForge repository. By examining these, we attempt to identify 1) factual landscape of OSS projects, 2) correlation between different measures including developers' activities and consumers' interests. This analysis is also supplemented by empirical research on world re-known OSS projects to identify the implication of vendor-led OSS projects. We find that OSS projects are hardly to be seen as loci of future open innovation in several ways. We also conclude that prior belief which altruistic developers donating time and effort for the common good is highly romanticized view of open source software.
The effects of cancer research participation on patient experience: a mixedmethods analysis

L. MC GRATH-LONE, BSC, MPH, RESEARCH ASSISTANT, Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, H. WARD, MD, PHD, PROFESSOR OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, C. SCHOENBORN, MBBS, MSCPH, RESEARCH ASSOCIATE, Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, & S. DAY, MA, PHD, PROFESSOR OF ANTHROPOLOGY, Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
The Call of A Third Space for Chinese Curriculum Studies

Zhang Hua and Zhong Quiquan posed the important question: "how can we create possibilities of dialogue between Chinese Curriculum wisdom and Western curriculum theories and form a dynamic relationship between the two"(Zhang & Zhong, 2003, p.260), in order to help create a bridge on which "we are in no hurry to cross over" (Pinar, In press) and on which we might gather and linger. In fact, such bridges lure us to linger. In this article, I will discuss my transformative process of 'becoming' through my master's studies both in China and in Canada in hopes of building such a bridge that enabling us to converse across culture, enabling us, perhaps, to hear curriculum in a new key. I would like to travel through Foucauldian and Confucian discourses in my own realm of self-creation, struggle toward making sense, envision curriculum differently and yearn for a third space for contemporary Chinese curriculum studies in which "curriculum becomes self-generative through such a journey" (Wang, 2004, p.20). Chinese curriculum as a journey in this age of social change and cultural fluidity calls for this third space in which "individuality and relationality intertwine, collide, and interact, separate yet together, parted yet holding hands, alone yet with the other" (Wang, 2004, p.131). There's a call for a simultaneous movement toward personal reflection and cultural transformation in Chinese curriculum. This is a call for internationalization of curriculum studies. In this third space, the West and the East can "build connections and relationships in such a way that differences and the alterity of both self and other can be respected and even promoted under certain conditions"(Wang, 2004, p.75). In this third space, hierarchy and discrimination do not exist anymore; instead a new democratic bridge will be built across both sides of the ocean. Chinese curriculum needs to search for "a third space as a result of the intercultural conversation, a space in which self/subject, other, and universe co-emerge based upon differentiation instead of non-differentiation between subject and object, together yet apart, a space in which individuality and sociality are engaged with each other in a journey of constructing new forms of life; a space moves and is alive.
Estimating the Performance and Risk Exposure of Private Equity Funds: A New Methodology

We develop a new GMM-based methodology to assess the performance and risk exposure of a non-traded asset. We apply this approach to the estimation of abnormal returns and risk exposure of private equity funds. In contrast to existing work, our methodology uses actual cash ow data and avoids the use of self-reported net asset values. Using a dataset comprising 797 mature private equity funds spanning 24 years, we nd a high market beta for venture capital funds and a low beta for buyout funds, and report evidence that private equity risk-adjusted returns are surprisingly low. We also nd evidence that venture capital funds load positively on SMB and negatively on HML while buyout funds load negatively on SMB and positively on HML. Finally, we shed light on previous ndings that larger and more experienced funds have higher returns, by showing that this is mainly caused by higher risk exposures of those funds, and not by abnormal performance. We thank Frank de Jong, André Lucas, Thomas Dangl, Lubos Pástor, Marno Verbeek and seminar participants at BI Oslo, the Vienna Symposia on Asset Management, the Rotterdam Conference on Asset Managment, Netspars Pension Workshop, and EFA 2007 Ljubljana for valuable comments. We thank Inquire-UK for nancial support. Views are those of authors and not that of Inquire-UK. yUniversity of Amsterdam Business School, Roetersstraat 11, 1018 WB Amsterdam, the Netherlands and Netspar. Email: J.J.A.G. Driessen@uva.nl. zUniversity of Amsterdam Business School, Roetersstraat 11, 1018 WB Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Email: T.C. Lin@uva.nl. xUniversity of Amsterdam Business School, Roetersstraat 11, 1018 WB Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Email: l.phalippou@uva.nl.
A low-voltage current-mode instrumentation amplifier designed in a 0.18-micron CMOS technology

A low-voltage current-mode instrumentation amplifier designed in a 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS process for biomedical applications is presented. The low-voltage technology chosen presented several challenges. The basic design was modified to incorporate low-voltage current mirrors and native NFETs. A common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of 143 dB after extraction was achieved, with a differential gain of 100 V/V. Several advanced layout geometries were used to ensure proper matching between key circuit elements. The design has been submitted for fabrication to CMC to allow validation and testing.
De-Noising of Short-Period Seismograms by Wavelet Packet Transform

The wavelet packet transform gives information in both the time and frequency domains, and it is very useful for describing nonstationary signals like seismograms. Moreover, this structure is dependent on the signal under study; hence we can choose the time-frequency decomposition more appropriate for every signal. In this article, we propose a new method for filtering based on the wavelet packet transform. This approach uses different parameters for filtering, depending on the band of frequencies that we are analyzing. This filtering is employed in order to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and low distortion. We first apply the method to synthetic signals that we have contaminated with noise. In this way, the shape of the whole output signal and the onset time of the first pulse can be compared to the ideal signal. Finally, we apply it to short-period seismograms recorded at the local seismic network of the University of Alicante in southeastern Spain. The method proposed is compared with conventional passband filters and other methods based on wavelets. The comparison demonstrates that our method achieves a higher SNR without introducing noticeable distortion.