Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Demographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancers From a Specialized Center in India

Introduction Hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) cancers are a distinct group requiring specialized multidisciplinary care. The present study was an analysis of HPB cancers. Methods The institutional data for two years from 2017 to 2018 was retrieved from the hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR) database in Excel format (Microsoft® Corp., Redmond, WA). The demographic details, method of diagnosis, tumor characteristics, and disease extent of the patients with HPB primary sites were retrospectively analyzed. Results Out of the 1417 patients with HPB malignancies, 1193 were analyzed. Most of the patients at our center hailed from North India. The distribution of HPB cancers was as follows: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n=717, 60.1%), gallbladder (GB) (n=230, 19.3%), periampullary carcinoma (n=76, 6.37%), head of the pancreas (HOP) (n=55, 4.61%), extrahepatic bile duct (EBD) (n=53, 4.44%), intrahepatic bile duct (IBD) (n=32, 2.68%), and body of the pancreas (BOP) (n=30, 2.52%). The most common disease presentation of HPB cancers was in the seventh and sixth decades of life. Male predominance was seen in all HPB cancers except in GB with a higher incidence in females. The predominant cause of chronic liver disease (CLD) with HCC was viral-related (53.7%) with hepatitis B virus (HBV) (34.3%) higher than hepatitis C virus (HCV) (19.2%) followed by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (24.8%) and then alcohol. Adenocarcinoma was the most common morphology in pancreatobiliary malignancies. The disease presentation was locoregional in 63.4% of HCC, 69.7% of periampullary carcinoma, and 50.9% of HOP cases. The patients with EBD and IBD cancers presented commonly with locoregional disease extent in 60.4% and 62.5%, respectively. Perihilar subsite was more commonly detected (71.7%) as compared to the distal one in the patients with EBD cancers. The patients with GB cancers (GBC) presented with distant metastases in 53.5% and locoregional disease in 33%. Distant metastases were present in 76.7% of the patients with BOP cancers. The liver was a common site of distant metastases in GB, periampullary, and pancreatic cancers. Conclusions The present study highlights the characteristics and the variations in disease presentation in different primary tumor sites of HPB cancers. In view of the common locoregionally advanced disease presentation of HCC, the patients with CLD need surveillance for the early detection of lesions. As the patients with HPB cancers show advanced disease presentation, effective locoregional and systemic therapies are needed.
Association of Serum Calcium With Infarct Size and Severity in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Rural Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background One of the major mediators of ischemic neuronal cell death is calcium. It has been found that elevated serum calcium is associated with a better prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke. This study highlights the association of serum calcium, albumin-corrected calcium, and ionic calcium with the size of acute ischemic stroke as well as severity outcome in terms of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and Barthel Index. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 85 cases of acute ischemic stroke (based on a computerized tomography scan of the brain) from September 2019 to October 2021. All included patients had undergone complete clinical history, systemic examination, as well as estimation of serum total calcium, albumin corrected calcium, and ionic calcium. NIHSS score and Barthel Index were used to access the severity of each subject. Results A significant positive correlation was seen between infarct size with NIHSS with a correlation coefficient of 0.35. A significant negative correlation was seen between infarct size with serum calcium, albumin-corrected calcium, and Barthel Index with a correlation coefficient of -0.483, -0.354, and -0.365 respectively. No correlation was seen between infarct size and ionic calcium with a correlation coefficient of 0.082. Conclusion It can be concluded that higher normal levels of serum calcium and albumin-corrected calcium are associated with a smaller-sized infarct and had less severity index among patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Penerapan Metode HSV-TCA Untuk Mendeteksi Kutu Beras ( Sitophylus Oryzae L ) Secara Real-Time

The HSV-TCA method is a combination of the Thresholding method in the HSV color space enhanced with the Contour Area detection method. In this study, the thresholding method was used to separate objects between rice weevil (Sitophilus Oryzae L) and the background (rice). The Region Of Interest (ROI) principle was used to minimize errors detection from camera due to the relatively small size of rice weevil and rice. Values of Threshold and contour area (contour type and contour area width) can be used as inputs in representation of ROI, so that real-time shooting can be carried out in certain forms. Experiments on two qualities of rice have been carried out. Several OpenCV libraries were used and run well. The results of this study showed that this method is not only can separated between rice weevil (Sytophilus Oryzae L) and their background (rice) which are both small in size, but also can detected the Sitophilus Oryzae L in real-time
An Overview of Privacy Dimensions on the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)

The rapid advancements in technology have given rise to groundbreaking solutions and practical applications in the field of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). These advancements have had a profound impact on the structures of numerous industrial organizations. The IIoT, a seamless integration of the physical and digital realms with minimal human intervention, has ushered in radical changes in the economy and modern business practices. At the heart of the IIoT lies its ability to gather and analyze vast volumes of data, which is then harnessed by artificial intelligence systems to perform intelligent tasks such as optimizing networked units’ performance, identifying and correcting errors, and implementing proactive maintenance measures. However, implementing IIoT systems is fraught with difficulties, notably in terms of security and privacy. IIoT implementations are susceptible to sophisticated security attacks at various levels of networking and communication architecture. The complex and often heterogeneous nature of these systems makes it difficult to ensure availability, confidentiality, and integrity, raising concerns about mistrust in network operations, privacy breaches, and potential loss of critical, personal, and sensitive information of the network's end-users. To address these issues, this study aims to investigate the privacy requirements of an IIoT ecosystem as outlined by industry standards. It provides a comprehensive overview of the IIoT, its advantages, disadvantages, challenges, and the imperative need for industrial privacy. The research methodology encompasses a thorough literature review to gather existing knowledge and insights on the subject. Additionally, it explores how the IIoT is transforming the manufacturing industry and enhancing industrial processes, incorporating case studies and real-world examples to illustrate its practical applications and impact. Also, the research endeavors to offer actionable recommendations on implementing privacy-enhancing measures and establishing a secure IIoT ecosystem.
Mastitis in Dairy Cattle: On-Farm Diagnostics and Future Perspectives

Simple Summary Mastitis is one of the most common diseases of the dairy industry and with it brings important economic losses. The most prevalent form of the disease is subclinical mastitis, which leads, in the absence of clinical signs, to decreased milk production, increased somatic cell count, and an increased risk of clinical mastitis during lactation. With the increasing public health concerns for antimicrobial use and its relationship with the development of antimicrobial resistance, nation-specific regulations and general pressure to reduce group-level prophylactic use of antimicrobials have been established. Selective dry therapy reserves antimicrobial treatment for cows or quarters suspected of having an intramammary infection. The treatment is administered after the last milking, while uninfected cows or quarters do not receive antibiotherapy. Since selective dry cow therapy was introduced, different methods of selecting infected cows or quarters have been reported. The aim of this article is to describe the management of mastitis in dairy cows and the main tools for its diagnosis, with a specific focus on on-farm instruments. Abstract Mastitis is one of the most important diseases in dairy cattle farms, and it can affect the health status of the udder and the quantity and quality of milk yielded. The correct management of mastitis is based both on preventive and treatment action. With the increasing concern for antimicrobial resistance, it is strongly recommended to treat only the mammary quarters presenting intramammary infection. For this reason, a timely and accurate diagnosis is fundamental. The possibility to detect and characterize mastitis directly on farm would be very useful to choose the correct management protocol. Some on-field diagnostic tools are already routinely applied to detect mastitis, such as the California Mastitis Test and on-farm culture. Other instruments are emerging to perform a timely diagnosis and to characterize mastitis, such as Infra-Red Thermography, mammary ultrasound evaluation and blood gas analysis, even if their application still needs to be improved. The main purpose of this article is to present an overview of the methods currently used to control, detect, and characterize mastitis in dairy cows, in order to perform a timely diagnosis and to choose the most appropriate management protocol, with a specific focus on on-farm diagnostic tools.
QTL Mapping of Tiller Number in Korean Japonica Rice Varieties

Tiller number is an important trait associated with yield in rice. Tiller number in Korean japonica rice was analyzed under greenhouse conditions in 160 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between the temperate japonica varieties Odae and Unbong40 to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs). A genetic map comprising 239 kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) and 57 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers was constructed. qTN3, a major QTL for tiller number, was identified at 132.4 cm on chromosome 3. This QTL was also detected under field conditions in a backcross population; thus, qTN3 was stable across generations and environments. qTN3 co-located with QTLs associated with panicle number per plant and culm diameter, indicating it had pleiotropic effects. The qTN3 regions of Odae and Unbong40 differed in a known functional variant (4 bp TGTG insertion/deletion) in the 5ʹ UTR of OsTB1, a gene underlying variation in tiller number and culm strength. Investigation of variation in genotype and tiller number revealed that varieties with the insertion genotype had lower tiller numbers than those with the reference genotype. A high-resolution melting marker was developed to enable efficient marker-assisted selection. The QTL qTN3 will therefore be useful in breeding programs developing japonica varieties with optimal tiller numbers for increased yield.
Segementasi Gambar pada Dataset MNIST dengan Optimasi Mini Batch dan K-means++ pada Algoritma K-means

Proses segmentasi gambar tulisan tangan berupa gambar dengan menggunakan k-means perlu diawali dengan clusterisasi. Akibat dari proses clusterisasi ini membuat proses secara keseluruhan menjadi lambat. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan mini batch k-means untuk mempercepat proses pengenalan tulisan tangan berupa gambar. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dataset MNIST. Normalisasi terhadap dataset akan dilakukan terlebih dahulu sebelum clusterisasi menggunakan teknik minibatch k-means diterapkan. Selanjutnya inisiasi centroid dilakukan menggunakan k-means++. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa optimasi minibatch dan k-means++ pada algoritma k-means mampu mempercepat waktu komputasi lebih singkat 28 menit 13 detik yaitu 29 menit 39 detik menjadi 1 menit 26 detik, dengan akurasi sebesar 90,13%.
Food loss and waste in community-supported agriculture in the region of Leipzig, Germany

ABSTRACT Community-supported agriculture (CSA) has the potential to reduce food loss and waste (FLW) due to a direct connection between consumers and producers, lower standards regarding product aesthetics and consumer-related values. Accordingly, CSA could compensate for possible yield gaps compared to conventional agriculture. Here, FLW and yields were assessed for one year in four CSA initiatives in the area of Leipzig, Germany, and compared to reference data. The results show that FLW during production, distribution and consumption were on average 22–70% lower compared to reference data. On average, due to lower FLW, the CSA initiatives could compensate for yield gaps of 32%, which reflects yield gaps typically observed between organic and conventional agriculture. Actual yield gaps in CSA might be lower, as agroecological approaches to increase productivity are widely adopted. The co-evaluation of the results with CSA gardeners showed that FLW could be further reduced in all stages. Reducing FLW was mentioned as an important sustainability goal of the investigated CSA initiatives, yet they also indicated a focus on biodiversity, education, food quality or the reduction of fossil fuels. This pilot study indicates that CSA can contribute to the transition towards sustainable and resilient food systems.
{Climate Data Assimilation using inverse modelling: Application to the Carbon Cycle}

E. Koffi1, P. Rayner1, M. Scholze2, T. Kaminski3, C. Roedenbeck4, M. Vosbeck3, R. Giering3, W. Knorr2, and M. Heimann4 1Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France (ernest.koffi@lsce.ipsl.fr) 2Quantifying and Understanding the Earth System, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, United Kingdom 3FastOpt , Hamburg, Germany 4Max Planck Institute of Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
I-PreFer Study: A Discrete Choice Experiment to Explore Patient, Caregiver and Pulmonologist Preferences of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Pharmacological Treatment Options

Purpose Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and ultimately fatal lung disease that, while rare, has seen incidence rise over time. There is no cure for IPF other than a lung transplant, though two antifibrotic (AF) drugs do exist to slow disease progression. While these drugs are efficacious, they are both associated with differing profiles of adverse events. This study aimed to elicit patient, caregiver and pulmonologist preferences on the treatment profiles of AFs via a discrete choice experiment (DCE). Patients and Methods The DCE and associated survey were distributed across 7 European countries, and bespoke DCEs were developed for patients/caregivers and pulmonologists. After collaboration with European Pulmonary Fibrosis & Related Disorders Federation (EU-PFF) and expert pulmonologists, respectively, a patient/caregiver DCE with 5 attributes and a pulmonologist DCE with 6 attributes were finalized. The DCEs had a blocked approach to reduce participant burden and were distributed on an online survey platform. Preferences were estimated through conditional multinomial logit regression analysis. Results Ninety-five patients, 22 caregivers and 115 pulmonologists fully completed their respective DCEs. Overall, patients and caregivers preferred management of treatment-related adverse events over both survival benefits and disease progression. Nearly all preference levels were found to be significantly different from their reference level. In contrast, pulmonologists showed a greater preference for control of lung function and exacerbations over adverse events. Although there were relative differences between the univariate subgroups in terms of the preference weights, most of these were not statistically significant. Conclusion The outcomes from this study suggest that while patients and caregivers had similar preferences for characteristics of IPF treatments, pulmonologists did not share those same preferences. Patients and caregivers preferred safety, while pulmonologists preferred efficacy. These differences should be considered by clinicians to better involve the patient in treatment decision-making for IPF.
Comparison of stratospheric air parcel trajectories calculated from SSU and LIMS satellite data. [Stratospheric Sounding Unit/Limb Infrared Monitor of Stratosphere]

Midstratospheric trajectories for February and March 1979 are calculated using geopotential analyses derived from limb infrared monitor of the stratosphere (LIMS) data. These trajectories are compared with the corresponding results using stratospheric sounding unit (SSU) data. The trajectories are quasi-isentropic in that a radiation scheme is used to imply cross-isentrope flow. The results show that in disturbed conditions, quantitative agreement between the trajectories, that is, within 25 great circle degrees (GCD) (one GCD ≈ 110 km) may be valid for only 3 or 4 days, whereas during quiescent periods quantitative agreement may last up to 10 days. By comparing trajectories calculated with different data, some insight can be gained as to errors due to vertical resolution and horizontal resolution (due to infrequent sampling) in the analyzed geopotential height fields. For the disturbed trajectories described in this paper, the horizontal resolution of the data was more important than vertical resolution. For the quiescent trajectories described in this paper, which could be calculated accurately for a longer duration because of the absence of appreciable transients, the vertical resolution of the data was found to be more important than the horizontal resolution. It is speculated that these characteristics are also applicable to trajectories calculated during disturbed and quiescent periods in general. A review of some recently published trajectories shows that the qualitative conclusions of such works remains unaffected when the calculations are repeated using different data.
Assessment of Plasma Glucose and Lipid Profile Dysregulation among Patients on Antipsychotics in Sokoto

Background: Antipsychotic drugs used in the treatment of psychotic disorders have been implicated in negative effects on the blood glucose and lipid profile levels of patients. Methods: We studied the anthropometric parameters and then the plasma glucose and lipid profile levels of one hundred and seventy-two (172) patients between the ages of 18 and 45 years; who are on various oral antipsychotics. Also, forty (40) treatment-naïve psychiatric patients and forty (40) healthy controls were included in the study. The results were analysed using standard methods. Results: The mean plasma glucose level was significantly higher (p<0.05) in psychiatric patients on oral antipsychotic drugs compared to controls. The mean plasma glucose level of treatment-naïve psychiatric patients was also significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to that of healthy controls. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in plasma glucose levels of patients on second-generation antipsychotic drugs compared to those on first-generation antipsychotic drugs. The lipid profile of patients on antipsychotic drugs showed a similar trend. There were significant increases in the plasma levels of Total Cholesterol (TC), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Triglycerides (TG) and a significant decrease in the plasma level of High-Density. However, the plasma TG levels were significantly higher in the typical antipsychotic drugs group. Lipoprotein (HDL) levels of individuals that were on antipsychotics were significantly decreased when compared to healthy controls Conclusion: The lipid profile and plasma glucose concentration were altered by oral antipsychotic drugs in Sokoto, Nigeria. Therefore, it may be clinically expedient to vigorously assess the plasma glucose and lipid profile levels of all patients that are on oral antipsychotic drugs and interventions planned as appropriate. Keywords: Antipsychotic drugs, lipid profile, glucose, Cholesterol, Lipoprotein
The Influence of Place Attachment on Farmers’ Succession Plans: A Mixed Methods Study

A farm family’s land succession plan is vital to ensure that high-value farmland continues to benefit the family for generations to come. However, many farmers have been reluctant to develop succession plans. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of place attachment on farmers’ land succession planning. This exploratory mixed methods research involved farmers within 10 years of retirement age (55 years of age or older), both with and without a land succession plan. Surveys and interviews utilized Raymond, Brown, and Weber’s (2010) five dimensions of place attachment: place identity, place dependence, nature bonding, family bonding, and friend bonding. Survey results showed farmers with a succession plan had significantly higher place identity, place dependence, nature bonding, and overall place attachment than farmers without a succession plan. Seven themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of interviews of farmers with a succession plan and six themes emerged from interviews of farmers without a succession plan. Three themes: connection to family, sense of community, and enjoyment of the outdoors were held in common. This study adds to the literature exploring the complex factors affecting the transition of the family farm to the next generation.
Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in alcoholic, non-alcoholic and autoimmune pancreatitis

Abstract Objectives Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently reveal features of pancreatic inflammation. However, the prevalence of IBD in patients with alcoholic pancreatitis (AP) and nonalcoholic pancreatitis (NAP) has not yet been determined, and the prevalence of IBD in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AiP) from Germany is unknown. Aims Thus, we aimed, first, to determine the prevalence of IBD in AP, NAP, and AiP from a tertiary center in Germany and, second, to characterize patients with AiP and IBD. Methods We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of IBD in patients with different forms of pancreatitis presenting to our clinic. Results Compared to the general population and to a control group with viral hepatitis from our clinic, we observed the most significant increase of IBD in patients with AiP (n = 3/28; p < 0.0001 vs. general population, binomial proportion test; p = 0.0112 vs. hepatitis group, Fisher’s exact test), followed by a significant increase in subjects with NAP (n = 11/278; p < 0.0001 vs. general population, binomial proportion test; p = 0.0338 vs. hepatitis group, Fisher’s exact test). A review of previous studies on the prevalence of IBD among patients with AiP revealed a combined prevalence of 12 % (n = 43/355). Type 2 AiP is significantly more often associated with IBD than type 1 AiP (n = 28/48, 58 % vs. n = 7/129, 5 %; combined patient cohort, p < 10E − 12; Fisher’s exact test). Conclusions Immune-mediated mechanisms related to IBD may participate in the development of AiP, especially AiP type 2, and may also increase the risk for the development of other forms of pancreatic inflammation.