Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stability-Guaranteed Control Systems with Min-Max Constraints and Machine Learning-Based Virtual Sensors

In this paper, we present a comprehensive approach for designing and analyzing control systems with minmax constraint controllers and machine learning-based virtual sensors. By leveraging the Standard Nonlinear Operator Form (SNOF), we establish the necessary conditions for global asymptotic stability and demonstrate their applicability through an illustrative example based on a modified plant model from the literature. The proposed methodology effectively handles non-linearities and constraints, ensuring stability while providing a systematic procedure for constructing a well-formed SNOF by integrating the plant, virtual sensor, and controller. The successful application of this method in the example highlights its potential for addressing complex control problems involving min-max constraints and virtual sensors in real-world scenarios. This paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge in this area and sets the stage for future advancements, including the exploration of transforming other machine learning architectures into the SNOF and extending the stability analysis to accommodate different types of nonlinearities and constraints.
Parents’ Beliefs about Medicines and Their Influence on Inhaled Corticosteroid Adherence in Children with Asthma

The most widespread chronic condition observed amid children globally is asthma. Only half of children with asthma adhere to their prescribed inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) therapy. Parents’ emotions and perspectives regarding asthma have an impact on inhalation corticosteroid adherence. The participants in this study were 148 parents of children with asthma, with the aim to redintegrate their beliefs about medicines in general and specifically of ICS and the impact on ICS adherence in children with asthma. Children were mostly male (66.9%), older than five years (58.8%), parents were female, mean age 38, employed, and with a history of consumption of some form of corticosteroids. Parents’ answers show that 50% of them disagreed with the statement that medicines are addictive, and 90% agree that medicine helps many to live better. A percentage of 77.7% of parents acknowledge that their child’s health relies on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), and 86.5% of parents agree that these medications safeguard their child from worsening health. Most of the parents (93.2%) adhere to the guidelines and instructions of the doctor. In summary, parents who hold the belief that medicines are neither overused nor harmful tend to exhibit a higher adherence. Furthermore, those with elevated adherence levels express lower levels of concern regarding the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in their children’s asthma therapy.
New Algorithm for Computing Step Percentage of Compound Muscle Action Potential Scan in Modeling Motor Unit Number Estimate

Introduction: Compound Muscle Action Potential Scan (CMAP) Scan is an electrophysiological method for diagnosing neuromuscular diseases with axonal loss. Significant differences between CMAPs are termed as Steps. The percentage ratio of all detected steps to the maximum CMAP, a parameter being evidence of motor unit loss and enlargement due to reinnervation is defined as Step Percentage. Materials and Methods: Motor neuron groups were created and stimulated gradually through a simulator software for CMAP Scan. CMAPs were utilized to compute the step sizes. Their cumulative sum greater than two standard deviations were taken for computing Step Percentage. The simulator data were exported for processing in a MATLABⓇ Code for these calculations and for computing regression coefficients of the model for step percentage and the number of axons by the Least Square Method. Results: The greatest step percentage value corresponded to the lowest motor unit number. A steep reduction was observed from 5 axons to 120 axons with increasing axon numbers. The step percentages converged to a steady-state value for the axon numbers between 120 and 300. Discussion and Conclusion: Step percentage values were found greater for lower axon numbers as in the case of Motor Unit loss in neurogenic diseases. They tended to decrease with increasing axon numbers approaching a steady-state value as the presence of intact Motor Units. A new algorithm was proposed to determine the lowest step size quantitatively rather than detecting by inspection as in routine clinical applications for estimating the step percentage. A mathematical model was built to demonstrate the relationship between the step percentage and the number of axons.
Efficacy of IL-23 inhibitors and IL-12/23 inhibitors in the induction treatment of Crohn’s disease: A meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials

Introduction A growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of interleukin (IL)-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors in treating Crohn’s disease (CD). This study evaluated the efficacy of IL-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors in the induction phase for the treatment of CD. Material and methods We searched the following databases from inception until December, 2022: Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome was the proportion of CD patients who achieved clinical remission at the end of the induction therapy period. Secondary outcomes included clinical response, endoscopic remission, endoscopic response and normalized C-reactive protein (CRP). Results After screening, 7 RCTs were included in our study. The meta-analysis showed that, in the induction period, more patients treated with IL-23 inhibitors and IL-12/23 inhibitors achieved clinical remission than patients with placebo therapy (RR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.83-2.44; RR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.64-2.29; respectively). The IL-23 inhibitor group and the IL-12/23 inhibitor group showed higher clinical response rates than the placebo group (RR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.74-2,11; RR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.61-2.09; respectively). In addition, the IL-23 inhibitor group had a higher endoscopic remission rate and endoscopic response rate than the placebo group; the corresponding pooled RRs were 3.40 (95% CI: 2.57-4.50) and 2.65 (95% CI: 2.65-3.12), respectively. Conclusions IL-23 and IL-12/23 inhibitors were efficient methods in the induction treatment of CD.
Using Cognitive Walkthrough and hybrid prototyping to gather user requirements in early design virtual reality prototypes

When it comes to user requirement gathering Virtual Reality (VR) projects investigate the usability of prototypes from the perspective of the end-users and their activities. To evaluate the usability of VR prototypes projects apply a variety of methods either single-perspective or hybrid methods. The literature suggests that hybrid methods produce more complete sets of requirements by highlighting both ‘in-world’ and user interface problems. The paper describes our experiences in using a single-perspective method that is a modified version of a Cognitive Walkthrough method for gathering user requirements in the REVERIE (Real and Virtual Engagement In Realistic Immersive Environment) project. We asked six experts to evaluate two hybrid VR prototypes with an educational context. As the software prototypes were in an early beta stage, we augmented them using storyboards and videos to simulate the missing user tasks. Also, we asked experts to get “into the shoes” of three archetypical users (represented as personas) while completing tasks with the prototypes. We found that our methodology was effective in highlighting a plethora of usability problems covering all aspects of the two prototypes. The identified problems were translated into 47 new requirements and prioritised based on the MoSCoW prioritization method. Most of the problems discovered were considered as essential in solving in the next design iteration of the software prototypes. Also, none of the problems discovered was considered as it was not a usability problem and hence, it should not be translated into a requirement. The performance of our methodology (single-perspective method and hybrid prototypes) was similar to hybrid methods. It also provided the foundation to develop a new method for the prioritisation of user requirements. Overall, we can conclude that using our methodology may provide a viable alternative to hybrid methods when it is required (e.g., when the expertise needed to use a hybrid method is not available). The paper concludes with a discussion of future work that focusses on integrating better training for experts and additional user groups in the evaluation process.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING OF MICROALGAE FOR ENHANCED ENERGY PRODUCTION

Microalgae are considered as potential source of renewable energy generation. Algal biomass is used as key feedstock for renewable energy generation using algal resources. Accumulation of biomass mostly depends on the growth rate, which is usually regulated by pH and salinity. Present study was conducted to study the effect of variation in pH and saline rangeson growth, biomass and lipid content of a freshwater microalga Chlorella vulgaris. The growth, biomass and lipid content showed a significantdifference due to the variation in pH and saline range. The growth and lipid content was maximum at pH 7.0 with compared to 6, 8 and 9. On the other hand an increase of salinity from 0.1M to 0.25 M caused decreased growth rate, whereas the lipid content showed an increasing trend.
Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of Reaumuria soongorica from four geographical populations

Reaumuria soongorica from four geographical populations(Lanzhou Jiuzhoutai: LZJ,Wuwei Minqin: WWM,Zhangye Linze: ZYL and Jiuquan Jinta: JQJ) were studied in a natural environment.Eighteen physiological indexes of R.soongorica,including photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),water use efficiency(WUE),chlorophyll,soluble sugar(SS),proline(Pro),malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD) were measured.Subordinate function and grey correlative analysis of drought-resistance and its relationship with drought-resistance indexes of R.soongorica were used for a quantitative evaluation of comprehensive drought resistance.The drought resistance capability of R.soongorica from four geographical populations was in the order WWMJQJZYLLZJ.There was a general tendency in lower water conditions for more capable drought resistance with the result that plants adapted to environmental condition through adjusting their physiology.Eighteen drought resistant indexes were restricted and relied on each other in the drought resistance mechanisms of the plant,and they adjusted the inner drought resistance mechanisms comprehensively.The three main mechanisms(increasing WUE through declining Tr,the xanthophyl cycle-dependent thermal energy dissipation,and osmoregulation mechanisms) mainly rely on Pro and occupy an important place in the drought resistance mechanisms of R.soongorica.
Significantly Improved Cold Preservation of Rat Hind Limb Vascularized Composite Allografts Using the New PrC-210 Free Radical Scavenger

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) represents a promising reconstructive solution primarily conducted to improve quality of life. However, tissue damage caused by cold-ischemia (CI) storage prior to transplant represents a major factor limiting widespread application. This study investigates the addition of the novel free radical scavenger PrC-210 to UW Organ Preservation Solution (UW Solution) to suppress CI-induced skeletal muscle injury in a rat hind limb amputation model. Lewis rats received systemic perfusion of UW solution +/− PrC-210 (0 mM control, 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM, or 40 mM), followed by bilateral transfemoral amputation. Limbs were stored in 40 mL of the same perfusate at 4 °C for 48 h. Muscle punch biopsies were taken at set times over the 48 h cold-storage period and analyzed for caspase-3,7 activity, cytochrome C levels, and qualitative histology. A single 15 s perfusion of PrC-210-containing UW Solution conferred a dose-dependent reduction in CI-induced muscle cell death over 48 h. In the presence of PrC-210, muscle cell mitochondrial cytochrome C release was equivalent to 0 h controls, with profound reductions in the caspase-3,7 apoptotic marker that correlated with limb histology. PrC-210 conferred complete prevention of ROS-induced mitochondrial lysis in vitro, as measured by cytochrome C release. We conclude that the addition of 30 mM PrC210 to UW Solution conferred the most consistent reduction in CI limb damage, and it warrants further investigation for clinical application in the VCA setting.
Aberrant β-Catenin Expression and Its Association With Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Clinical Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health challenge with high mortality rates. Dysregulation of β-catenin, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) are crucial in CRC development. Mutations in the APC gene lead to aberrant β-catenin expression, a key player in CRC pathogenesis. β-catenin not only influences canonical Wnt signaling but also regulates EMT. This study investigated the correlation between APC mutations, β-catenin dysregulation, and EMT induction in CRC. Methodology Tissue samples from 96 CRC patients and 40 para-cancerous normal tissues were collected and subjected to immunohistochemistry to assess β-catenin, E-cadherin, ZEB1, Snail, and vimentin expression. Genomic DNA was extracted and analyzed for APC mutations. Next-generation sequencing was employed for data analysis. Results Aberrant β-catenin expression was found in 82.3% of CRC cases and correlated with advanced clinicopathological factors. Aberrant β-catenin expression was associated with age (p=0.01), tumor invasion depth (p=0.03), nodal/distant metastasis (p=0.001 and 0.004), and vascular invasion (p=0.001). Aberrant β-catenin was correlated with EMT status. A positive correlation was observed between aberrant β-catenin expression and ZEB1 (p=0.001), Snail (p=0.001), vimentin (p=0.001), and loss of membranous E-cadherin (p=0001). Coexistence of aberrant β-catenin and EMT markers was associated with advanced CRC progression. Cancerous tissues displayed higher aberrant β-catenin and EMT markers expression than para-cancerous tissues. APC mutations were present in 59.3% of cases, with 91.2% of mutated APC cases showing aberrant β-catenin expression. The coexistence of APC mutation and aberrant β-catenin expression was correlated with the clinical outcomes of CRC patients. Mutated APC cases exhibited significantly increased EMT marker expression. Conclusion This study underscores the importance of aberrant β-catenin expression in CRC progression, linked to APC mutations and EMT induction. Understanding these relationships could aid in developing targeted therapies for CRC.
Feasibility of a diagnostic differentiation tool for nociceptive and neuropathic pain in a neurorehabilitation population using physiological data from wearable sensors

Reliable and thorough pain assessment is essential for effective pain treatment, starting with the correct identification of the type of pain, the two most common being nociceptive and neuropathic pain. We aim to train machine learning algorithms, fed with data from wearable sensors, to be used as a diagnostic differentiation tool to distinguish between nociceptive and neuropathic pain experienced by patients undergoing neurorehabilitation.Clinical Relevance: Preliminary results here presented show the feasibility of such an approach, being a promising tool to be used in clinical practice to distinguish between the two most common types of pain.
Parental Lecturing: An Effort to Improve Parental Skills in Training Children's Emotional Regulation in Sungapan Wahyuharjo Lendah Kulonprogo

Abstract. Dusun Sungapan is one of the hamlets in Lendah district which has a population of productive age and has more than 50% of school-age children. The development of sophisticated technology causes school-age children to spend a lot of time playing smartphones. As a result of this situation, children have difficulty controlling themselves, easily tantrums and emotional. The purpose of this assistance is to improve parental skills in training children's emotional regulation abilities. The mentoring method used in mentoring is to train parents to be friends with their children through emotion regulation skills through parental lecturing. There are 22 parents involved in this program. The results obtained based on the Wilcoxon asymp sig (2-tailed) analysis are 0.000 with a Z score of -0.4122, meaning that there are differences in pretest and post test scores, so that parental lecturing is proven to be able to improve parental skills in training children's emotional regulation skills. Qualitative analysis shows that there has been a change in mindset (insight) based on parental reports regarding the importance of improving skills in training to regulate children's emotions
Application of Precision Technologies to Characterize Animal Behavior: A Review

Simple Summary The information that can be deduced from animal behaviors is diverse. Unlike in the past, these behaviors can now be monitored for extended periods of time, thanks to the many advanced tools and sensors. The changes in behavioral patterns can provide many indications and clues about various aspects of the animals’ needs and status. In this review, we evaluate three types of technology used to identify the behaviors of three types of ruminants. These tools have the potential to significantly assist farmers in the continuous development of their practices. Abstract This study aims to evaluate the state of precision livestock farming (PLF)’s spread, utilization, effectiveness, and evolution over the years. PLF includes a plethora of tools, which can aid in a number of laborious and complex tasks. These tools are often used in the monitoring of different animals, with the objective to increase production and improve animal welfare. The most frequently monitored attributes tend to be behavior, welfare, and social interaction. This study focused on the application of three types of technology: wearable sensors, video observation, and smartphones. For the wearable devices, the focus was on accelerometers and global positioning systems. For the video observation, the study addressed drones and cameras. The animals monitored by these tools were the most common ruminants, which are cattle, sheep, and goats. This review involved 108 articles that were believed to be pertinent. Most of the studied papers were very accurate, for most tools, when utilized appropriate; some showed great benefits and potential.
Flexible Polyolefin Elastomer/Paraffin Wax/Alumina/Graphene Nanoplatelets Phase Change Materials with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Performance for Solar Conversion and Thermal Energy Storage Applications

In this study, electrically insulating polyolefin elastomer (POE)-based phase change materials (PCMs) comprising alumina (Al2O3) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) are prepared using a conventional injection moulding technique, which exhibits promising applications for solar energy storage due to the reduced interfacial thermal resistance, excellent stability, and proficient photo-thermal conversion efficiency. A synergistic interplay between Al2O3 and GNPs is observed, which facilitates the establishment of thermally conductive pathways within the POE/paraffin wax (POE/PW) matrix. The in-plane thermal conductivity of POE/PW/GNPs 5 wt%/Al2O3 40 wt% composite reaches as high as 1.82 W m−1K−1, marking a remarkable increase of ≈269.5% when compared with that of its unfilled POE/PW counterpart. The composite exhibits exceptional heat dissipation capabilities, which is critical for thermal management applications in electronics. Moreover, POE/PW/GNPs/Al2O3 composites demonstrate outstanding electrical insulation, enhanced mechanical performance, and efficient solar energy conversion and transportation. Under 80 mW cm−2 NIR light irradiation, the temperature of the POE/PW/GNPs 5 wt%/Al2O3 40 wt% composite reaches approximately 65 °C, a notable 20 °C improvement when compared with the POE/PW blend. The pragmatic and uncomplicated preparation method, coupled with the stellar performance of the composites, opens a promising avenue and broader possibility for developing flexible PCMs for solar conversion and thermal storage applications.
Research Trends and Patterns of Language Education in Writing (2014-2023): A Bibliometric Analysis

Writing is the process of conveying ideas and arguments in a structured, coherent, and persuasive manner within a predetermined framework of words and formatting. This article will thoroughly examine the trends and patterns in the field of essay writing research using bibliometric analysis, revealing the most essential topics and influential figures in this area. The study aims to track the evolution of essay writing research since its inception and discern prevailing trends by examining source titles, geographical origins, affiliated institutions, and citation patterns in publications. Microsoft Excel was utilized for frequency analysis. VOSviewer was used for data visualization, while Harzing’s Publish or Perish (PoP) was used for citation metrics and analysis. Additionally, it covers vital themes based on keywords, publication titles and abstracts. This document also describes the significant contributors to the research. Contributing to the scant literature on the study trends of essay writing in social sciences, the findings provide critical insights into emerging trends and issues in article and journal performance, collaboration patterns and research components.
The efficacy of different torque profiles for weight compensation of the hand

Orthotic wrist supports will be beneficial for people with muscular weakness to keep their hand in a neutral rest position and prevent potential wrist contractures. Compensating the weight of the hands is complex since the level of support depends on both wrist and forearm orientations. To explore simplified approaches, two different weight compensation strategies (constant and linear) were compared to the theoretical ideal sinusoidal profile and no compensation in eight healthy subjects using a mechanical wrist support system. All three compensation strategies showed a significant reduction of 47–53% surface electromyography activity in the anti-gravity m. extensor carpi radialis. However, for the higher palmar flexion region, a significant increase of 44–61% in the m. flexor carpi radialis was found for all compensation strategies. No significant differences were observed between the various compensation strategies. Two conclusions can be drawn: (1) a simplified torque profile (e.g., constant or linear) for weight compensation can be considered as equally effective as the theoretically ideal sinusoidal profile and (2) even the theoretically ideal profile provides no perfect support as other factors than weight, such as passive joint impedance, most likely influence the required compensation torque for the wrist joint.