Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Natural Biofertilizers: Let's Benefit from Past Successes

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) constitute a group of root obligate biotrophs that exchange mutual benefits with about 80% of plants. They are considered natural biofertilizers, since they provide the host with water, nutrients, and pathogen protection, in exchange for photosynthetic products. Thus, AMF are primary biotic soil components which, when missing or impoverished, can lead to a less efficient ecosystem functioning. The process of re-establishing the natural level of AMF richness can represent a valid alternative to conventional fertilization practices, with a view to sustainable agriculture. The main strategy that can be adopted to achieve this goal is the direct re-introduction of AMF propagules (inoculum) into a target soil. Originally, AMF were described to generally lack host- and niche-specificity, and therefore suggested as agriculturally suitable for a wide range of plants and environmental conditions. Unfortunately, the assumptions that have been made and the results that have been obtained so far are often worlds apart. The problem is that success is unpredictable since different plant species vary their response to the same AMF species mix. Many factors can affect the success of inoculation and AMF persistence in soil, including species compatibility with the target environment, the degree of spatial competition with other soil organisms in the target niche and the timing of inoculation. Thus, it is preferable to take these factors into account when “tuning” an inoculum to a target environment in order to avoid failure of the inoculation process. Genomics and transcriptomics have led to a giant step forward in the research field of AMF, with consequent major advances in the current knowledge on the processes involved in their interaction with the host-plant and other soil organisms. The history of AMF applications in controlled and open-field conditions is now long. A review of biofertilization experiments, based on the use of AMF, has here been proposed, focusing on a few important factors that could increase the odds or jeopardize the success of the inoculation process.
Dynamic share energy provisioning service for one-hop multiple RFID tags identification system

Internet of Things applications using RFID sensors are a challenging task due to the limited capacity of batteries. Thus, energy efficient control has become more critical design with RFID sensor integrating complex tag identification processing techniques. Previous works on power efficient control in multiple RFID tags identification systems often design tag anti-collision protocols in identification process, and seldom consider the features of tags are able to detect energy within its radio rang among each other. This paper is dedicated to developing a share energy provisioning (SEP) strategy for energy-limited multiple RFID tag identification system. First, SEP can dynamically adapt the variable energy resources due to the cognitive radio technique. Second, SEP combines the energy control with tags groups in wait time T, through classifying the tag into different groups according to its distances. Third, it introduces the optimization theoretical analysis energy for multiple RFID tags identification system, so as to minimize the time and energy of it takes to send tags data to reader. Finally, it shares the energy resource as different energy harvest under energy-limited RFID systems. Experimental results demonstrate the energy efficiency of the proposed approach.
V2X data dissemination delay for vehicular traffic density estimations

Distributed Floating Car Data (DFCD) corresponds to vehicles directly exchanging their floating data and cooperatively estimating the local traffic density instead of letting this task to the cloud. With a fully distributed approach, DFCD exhibits salient advantages in particular related to low latency and high reactiveness for smart mobility applications. This work proposes DissFlow, a DFCD solution relying on the knowledge of data dissemination delay of Vehicular-to-Everything (V2X) communications to estimate the underlying vehicular traffic density. DissFlow is first analytically formulated and analyzed, before being evaluated by simulation means on the iTETRIS platform. Considering a 1-D road network modeled by SUMO, simulation results show that the knowledge of the V2X dissemination delay allows to closely estimate and follow the evolutionary trend of vehicular traffic density.
1 8 J an 2 00 1 Discovery of a Cyclotron Resonant Scattering Feature in the RXTE Spectrum of 4 U 0352 + 309 ( X Per )

We have discovered a ∼29 keV Cyclotron Resonance Scattering Feature (CRSF) in the X-ray spectrum of 4U 0352+309 (X Per) using observations taken with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. 4U 0352+309 is a persistent low luminosity (LX = 4.2 × 10 34 ergs s) X-ray pulsar, with a 837 s period and which accretes material from the Be star X Per. The X-Ray spectrum, unusual when compared to brighter accreting pulsars, may be due to the low mass accretion rate and could be typical of the new class of persistent low luminosity Be/X-Ray binary pulsars. We attempted spectral fits with continuum models used historically for 4U 0352+309, and found that all were improved by the addition of a CRSF at ∼ 29 keV. The model that best fit the observations is a combination of a 1.45 ± 0.02 keV blackbody with a 5.4 × 10 cm area, and a power-law with a 1.83 ± 0.03 photon index modified by the CRSF. In these fits the CRSF energy is 28.6 −1.7 keV, implying a magnetic field strength of 2.5(1 + z) × 10 12 G in the scattering region (where z is the gravitational redshift). Phase resolved analysis shows that the blackbody and cyclotron line energies are consistent with being constant through the pulse. Subject headings: stars:individual(4U 0352+309) – star:individual(X Per) – stars:magnetic fields – stars:neutron – X-rays:stars
Pseudo-Hermiticity and Generalized PT- and CPT-Symmetries

We study certain linear and antilinear symmetry generators and involution operators associated with pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians and show that the theory of pseudo-Hermitian operators provides a simple explanation for the recent results of Bender, Brody and Jones (quant-ph/0208076) on the CPT-symmetry of a class of PT-symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We present a natural extension of these results to the class of diagonalizable pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians H with a discrete spectrum. In particular, we introduce generalized parity (P), time-reversal (T), and charge-conjugation (C) operators and establish the PT- and CPT-invariance of H.
Methodology To Develop Heuristic For Re-Entrant Flow Shop With Two Potential Dominant Machines Using Bottleneck Approach

This paper presents a bottleneck-based methodology to solve scheduling problem of M1,M2,M3,M4,M3,M4 re-entrant flow shop where M1 and M4 have high tendency of being the dominant machines. Two generalised makespan algorithms using bottleneck approach were developed for the identified bottleneck. Each algorithm has specific correction factor which was used to ensure the accuracy of the makespan computation. Using these correction factors, a constructive heuristic was developed to solve for near-optimal scheduling sequence. For small size problems, the heuristic results were compared with the optimum makespan generated from complete enumeration. For medium and large size problems, the heuristic performance was measured by comparing its makespan with the solutions generated by the NEH and lowerbound. At weak and strong dominance level, the heuristic shows good performance against the lowerbound and better results compared to the NEH for large and medium size problems.
Shifts in the Microbial Community Composition of Gulf Coast Beaches Following Beach Oiling

Microorganisms associated with coastal sands serve as a natural biofilter, providing essential nutrient recycling in nearshore environments and acting to maintain coastal ecosystem health. Anthropogenic stressors often impact these ecosystems, but little is known about whether these disturbances can be identified through microbial community change. The blowout of the Macondo Prospect reservoir on April 20, 2010, which released oil hydrocarbons into the Gulf of Mexico, presented an opportunity to examine whether microbial community composition might provide a sensitive measure of ecosystem disturbance. Samples were collected on four occasions, beginning in mid-June, during initial beach oiling, until mid-November from surface sand and surf zone waters at seven beaches stretching from Bay St. Louis, MS to St. George Island, FL USA. Oil hydrocarbon measurements and NOAA shoreline assessments indicated little to no impact on the two most eastern beaches (controls). Sequence comparisons of bacterial ribosomal RNA gene hypervariable regions isolated from beach sands located to the east and west of Mobile Bay in Alabama demonstrated that regional drivers account for markedly different bacterial communities. Individual beaches had unique community signatures that persisted over time and exhibited spatial relationships, where community similarity decreased as horizontal distance between samples increased from one to hundreds of meters. In contrast, sequence analyses detected larger temporal and less spatial variation among the water samples. Superimposed upon these beach community distance and time relationships, was increased variability in bacterial community composition from oil hydrocarbon contaminated sands. The increased variability was observed among the core, resident, and transient community members, indicating the occurrence of community-wide impacts rather than solely an overprinting of oil hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria onto otherwise relatively stable sand population structures. Among sequences classified to genus, Alcanivorax , Alteromonas , Marinobacter , Winogradskyella , and Zeaxanthinibacter exhibited the largest relative abundance increases in oiled sands.
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Physical Conditions: A Narrative Review Evaluating Levels of Evidence

Research on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for treating symptoms of a wide range of medical conditions has proliferated in recent decades. Mindfulness is the cultivation of nonjudgmental awareness in the present moment. It is both a practice and a way of being in the world. Mindfulness is purposefully cultivated in a range of structured interventions, the most popular of which is mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), followed by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). This paper begins with a discussion of the phenomenological experience of coping with a chronic and potentially life-threatening illness, followed by a theoretical discussion of the application of mindfulness in these situations. The literature evaluating MBIs within medical conditions is then comprehensively reviewed, applying a levels of evidence rating framework within each major condition. The bulk of the research looked at diagnoses of cancer, pain conditions (chronic pain, low back pain, fibromyalgia, and rheumatoid arthritis), cardiovascular disease, diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and irritable bowel syndrome. Most outcomes assessed are psychological in nature and show substantial benefit, although some physical and disease-related parameters have also been evaluated. The field would benefit from more adequately powered randomized controlled trials utilizing active comparison groups and assessing the moderating role of patient characteristics and program “dose” in determining outcomes.
A Framework of Multifaceted Approaches to Multicultural Training

Counseling Association by Dr. Garry R. Walz and Dr. Jeanne C. Bleuer of Counseling Outfitters, LLC. Its purpose is to provide a means of capturing the ideas, information and experiences generated by the annual ACA Conference and selected ACA Division Conferences. Papers on a program or practice that has been validated through research or experience may also be submitted. This digital collection of peer-reviewed articles is authored by counselors, for counselors. VISTAS Online contains the full text of over 500 proprietary counseling articles published from 2004 to present.
Adaptive sensor models

In this paper we consider the conversion of sensor data to a probabilistic representation of the environment (occupancy grid). We introduce a neural network which learns these conversions. The conversion of sensor data remains adaptive to changes in either the sensor or its environment. To place this work in a broader context we describe the architecture of our sensor data fusion system in which these conversions are applied. We also introduce the PDOP: a rule for fusing occupancy grids in this system.
Responses to Social Vocalizations in the Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus of Mice

Identifying sounds is critical for an animal to make appropriate behavioral responses to environmental stimuli, including vocalizations from conspecifics. Identification of vocalizations may be supported by neuronal selectivity in the auditory pathway. The first place in the ascending auditory pathway where neuronal selectivity to vocalizations has been found is in the inferior colliculus (IC), but very few brainstem nuclei have been evaluated. Here, we tested whether selectivity to vocalizations is present in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN). We recorded extracellular neural responses in the DCN of mice and found that fusiform cells responded in a heterogeneous and selective manner to mouse ultrasonic vocalizations. Most fusiform cells responded to vocalizations that contained spectral energy at much higher frequencies than the characteristic frequencies of the cells. To understand this mismatch of stimulus properties and frequency tuning of the cells, we developed a dynamic, nonlinear model of the cochlea that simulates cochlear distortion products on the basilar membrane. We preprocessed the vocalization stimuli through this model and compared responses to these distorted vocalizations with responses to the original vocalizations. We found that fusiform cells in the DCN respond in a heterogeneous manner to vocalizations, and that these neurons can use distortion products as a mechanism for encoding ultrasonic vocalizations. In addition, the selective neuronal responses were dependent on the presence of inhibitory sidebands that modulated the response depending on the temporal structure of the distortion product. These findings suggest that important processing of complex sounds occurs at a very early stage of central auditory processing and is not strictly a function of the cortex.
Serum procalcitonin concentrations in term delivering mothers and their healthy offspring: a longitudinal study.

BACKGROUND The reported sensitivities and specificities of procalcitonin (PCT) concentrations for the diagnosis of neonatal infection vary widely. A postnatal increase of PCT has been observed in healthy term newborns with a peak at approximately 24 h of age, and many questions remain regarding maternal and perinatal factors that may influence the normal PCT kinetics during the immediate postnatal period. METHODS We prospectively investigated the association between the serum PCT values obtained from 121 mothers at delivery and serum PCT in their healthy, term offspring at birth as well as at 24 and 48 h of age. We also analyzed whether obstetric and perinatal factors would alter maternal and neonatal PCT response. RESULTS PCT concentrations in the babies at birth were significantly higher than in the mothers (P <0.0001), with even larger differences at 24 and 48 h of age. None of the variables identified from maternal and perinatal histories had a significant effect on maternal PCT response. In the healthy neonate, the variables that significantly affected the concentration of PCT at birth were the mothers' PCT (P <0.01), maternal group B streptococcus colonization (P <0.05), and rupture of membranes >/=18 h (P <0.01). The coefficient of linear correlation between the mother's PCT concentration and that of the baby at birth was 0. 32 (P <0.01). The only variable that significantly altered the PCT concentration at both 24 (P <0.01) and 48 (P <0.01) h of age was rupture of membranes >/=18 h. Nonetheless, the PCT response observed during the 48-h period after birth among healthy babies born to mothers with risk factors for infection was well below that reported previously among age-matched neonates with sepsis. CONCLUSIONS The postnatal increase of PCT observed in the healthy neonate with peak values at 24 h of age most likely represents endogenous synthesis. In estimating the sensitivities and specificities of PCT for diagnosis of sepsis throughout the initial 48 h of life, it is important to consider the normal PCT kinetics and the pattern(s) of PCT response in the healthy neonate.
Report on metrics 2001: the science & practice of software metrics conference

This paper reports on the IEEE 7<sup>th</sup> International Software Metrics Symposium (METRICS 2001), held in London, England, from the 4<sup>th</sup> to 6<sup>th</sup> April 2001 and co-hosted with the 12<sup>th</sup> European Software Control and Metrics conference (ESCOM 2001). Metrics Symposia are the premier event in the area of software metrics and attract most of the leading researchers and industrial practitioners.
Signals regulating neurogenesis in the adult olfactory bulb.

Most mammalian brain cells develop from neural progenitor or stem cells that reside in the ventricular and subventricular zone. Interestingly, in rodents and primates, neurogenesis does not end when the olfactory bulb reaches adult size but rather continues throughout life (Kaplan et al., 1985; Kuhn et al., 1996; Pencea et al., 2001). For neurons at two locations in the olfactory bulb, the granule cell layer and glomerular layer, a persistent proliferative activity of progenitor cells can be observed in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. The committed neuronal progenitor cells migrate rostrally through the remnant of the embryonic olfactory ventricle wall, the so-called rostral migratory stream (RMS), towards the olfactory bulb. Once the olfactory bulb is reached, the majority of cells disperse throughout the granule cell layer to develop into GABAergic granule cells. A small percentage, however, moves into the periglomerular region to develop into interneurons of mostly GABAergic and dopaminergic phenotype.
Numerical methods for parametric model reduction in the simulation of disk brake squeal

We present numerical methods for model reduction in the numerical simulation of disk brake squeal. Automotive disk brake squeal is a high frequency noise phenomenon based on self excited vibrations. Our method is based on a variation of the proper orthogonal decomposition method and involves the solution of a large scale, parametric eigenvalue problem. Several important challenges arise, some of which can be traced back to the finite element modeling stage. Compared to the current industrial standard our new approach is more accurate in vibration prediction and achieves a better reduction in model size. This comes at the price of an increased computational cost, but it still gives useful results when the classical modal reduction method fails to do so. We illustrate the results with several numerical experiments, some from real industrial models, some from simpler academic models. These results indicate where improvements of the current black box industrial codes are advisable.
A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to establish the bifidogenic effect of a very-long-chain inulin extracted from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in healthy human subjects

There is growing interest in the use of inulins as substrates for the selective growth of beneficial gut bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli because recent studies have established that their prebiotic effect is linked to several health benefits. In the present study, the impact of a very-long-chain inulin (VLCI), derived from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus), on the human intestinal microbiota compared with maltodextrin was determined. A double-blind, cross-over study was carried out in thirty-two healthy adults who were randomised into two groups and consumed 10 g/d of either VLCI or maltodextrin, for two 3-week study periods, separated by a 3-week washout period. Numbers of faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were significantly higher upon VLCI ingestion compared with the placebo. Additionally, levels of Atopobium group significantly increased, while Bacteroides–Prevotella numbers were significantly reduced. No significant changes in faecal SCFA concentrations were observed. There were no adverse gastrointestinal symptoms apart from a significant increase in mild and moderate bloating upon VLCI ingestion. These observations were also confirmed by in vitro gas production measurements. In conclusion, daily consumption of VLCI extracted from globe artichoke exerted a pronounced prebiotic effect on the human faecal microbiota composition and was well tolerated by all volunteers.
Relation between teachers' early expectations and students' later perceived competence in physical education classes: Autonomy-supportive climate as a moderator.

The purpose of this study was to explore whether, in naturalistic physical education classes, the relation between teachers' early expectations and students' later perceived competence was moderated by the extent to which the motivational climate created by the teachers was autonomy supportive. Using a 1-year longitudinal design, data were obtained from 421 students and 22 teachers from 10 French junior high schools. Multilevel analyses revealed that (a) teachers' early expectations were related to students' later perceived competence, particularly when these expectations were positive, and (b) this relation was stronger when the classroom motivational climate was low in autonomy support. Implications for future research and educational practices are discussed.
ULTRA RAPID FACE DETECTION IN NATURAL IMAGES : IMPLICATIONS FOR COMPUTATION IN THE VISUAL SYSTEM

Using a choice saccade task, Kirchner and Thorpe recently demonstrated that detection of animals in natural scenes is considerably faster than previously supposed [1]. Here we present some new data with the same task that show that face detection is even more efficient. When two images are flashed to the left and right of fixation, subjects can accurately make saccades to the side where there is a human face with a mean reaction of time of only 147 ms and an accuracy level of 94%. The earliest reliable saccades were made as early as 110 ms after stimulus onset. If we allow roughly 20 ms for saccade initiation, such data leaves very little time for visual processing and seems to rule out computations that require more than one spike per neuron. Furthermore, it seems clear that only a feedforward pass through the visual pathways can be performed in so little time.