Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distributed Readability Analysis Of Turkish Elementary School Textbooks

The readability assessment deals with estimating the level of difficulty in reading texts.Many readability tests, which do not indicate execution efficiency, have been applied on specific texts to measure the reading grade level in science textbooks. In this paper, we analyze the content covered in elementary school Turkish textbooks by employing a distributed parallel processing framework based on popular MapReduce paradigm. We outline the architecture of a distributed Big Data processing system which uses Hadoop for full-text readability analysis. The readability scores of the textbooks and system performance measurements are also given in the paper.
Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Animals: Incidence, Economics, and Predisposing Factors

A study was conducted to assess the incidence and economics of subclinical form of bovine mastitis in Central Region of India. Daily milk records of 187 animals during three seasons were collected and subjected to analysis. The economic loss due to reduction in yield, clinical expenses, and additional resources used were quantified and aggregated. The losses due to mastitis in monetary terms were estimated to be INR1390 per lactation, among which around 49% was owing to loss of value from milk and 37% on account of veterinary expenses. Higher losses were observed in crossbred cows due to their high production potential that was affected during mastitis period. The cost of treating an animal was estimated to be INR509 which includes cost of medicine (31.10%) and services (5.47%). Inadequate sanitation, hygiene, and veterinary services were the main predisposing factors for incidence and spread of mastitis as perceived by the respondents.
Vision-based authenticated robotic control using face and hand gesture recognition

In this paper, a simple, yet effective system for authenticated robot control applications is presented. The system is based on face and hand gesture recognition. First, the user is verified using real dual-tree discrete wavelet transform (R-DT-DWT) based face recognition. The authenticated user is further allowed to have control over the required robot application using hand gesture recognition. Later, the hand gestures are accordingly interpreted for the required operation. Here, a limited set of hand gestures are used for controlling different operation of a robot. Simulation results show that the proposed method is simple and efficient.
Political Knowledge, Political Engagement, and Civic Education

After decades of neglect, civic education is back on the agenda of political science in the United States. Despite huge increases in the formal educational attainment of the US population during the past 50 years, levels of political knowledge have barely budged. Today's college graduates know no more about politics than did high school graduates in 1950. Recent research indicates that levels of political knowledge affect the acceptance of democratic principles, attitudes toward specific issues, and political participation. There is evidence that political participation is in part a positional good and is shaped by relative as well as absolute levels of educational attainment. Contrary to findings from 30 years ago, recent research suggests that traditional classroom-based civic education can significantly raise political knowledge. Service learning—a combination of community-based civic experience and systematic classroom reflection on that experience—is a promising innovation, but program evaluations ha.
Heterogeneity of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) now accounts for 20–30% of all newly diagnosed breast cancers in centers which use mammographic surveillance as a standard part of the examination. The majority of these DCIS lesions, at least in the United States, are of very limited size, with mean estimated extents of 8–20 mm, based on pathological examination. A small fraction of these are incidental microscopic features of the biopsy; the majority are detected on the basis of mammographic microcalcifications.
Improving the performances of polyethylene/sisal fiber composites by infiltratively compatibilizing the multi-scale interfaces

Sisal fiber (SF) is a good raw material to prepare natural fiber composites (NFCs) by blending it with plastics. However, most NFCs are highly filled with natural fibers in order to decrease the cost of products that causes the weak interfacial compatibilities between the natural fibers and polymers. To successfully prepare a high-performance NFC, the interfacial compatibility is the key problem that should be disposed. In this paper, the graft copolymers of polyethylene (GPE) were used as the infiltrative compatibilizers for SF-filled recycled polyethylene (rPE) composites. How GPE affected the interfacial compatibility and performances of rPE/SF composites were investigated. Results show that the mechanical properties, water resistance and thermal stability of the composites increased with the increase in GPE. The improved interfacial interactions restrained the movement of rPE chains, resulting in the decreasing of crystallinity of the composites. GPE were favorable to improve the rheological properties of the composites. The scanning electron microscopy observation discovered that GPE promoted the formation of infiltrative interfacial interactions that primarily came from the chemical and physical interactions between SF and GPE.
A compact dual mode tunable filter with source and load coupling

This paper presents a novel dual-mode tunable bandpass filter to significantly reduce the complexity for multiband communication. A mixed coupling scheme is utilized to analysis and design the dual mode tunable filter with source - load coupling. A simple approach is proposed to extract the parameters of varactor diode. For demonstration, a tunable filter is implemented with 73 MHz 3-dB bandwidth. Experimental results agree with simulated predications well.
Numerical Prediction of the Bulk Density of Granular Particles of Different Geometries

The Discrete Element Method (DEM) is increasingly used to simulate the motion of granular material in engineering devices. The most widely used shape to model granular particles is the sphere due to its simplicity which facilitates computations. However, with increasing advancement and popularity of the DEM approach, a more accurate representation of real granular shapes is becoming intensely important. This paper is an attempt to predict the bulk density of granular particles of cylindrical shape by DEM. The method used to model tube-like particles is the composite method where the tube-like particle is composed of a number of spherical sub-shapes. The results show that the DEM prediction of the bulk density of tube-like particles were accurate provided that a sufficient number of spherical sub-shapes was used to construct the particle. In addition, the bulk density of granular particles in the shape of 32-face polyhedrons was also investigated. It was shown that 32-face polyhedrons can be approximated as spheres provided that the rolling resistance of the shape is taken into consideration.
Flanking Bases Influence the Nature of DNA Distortion by Platinum 1,2-Intrastrand (GG) Cross-Links

The differences in efficacy and molecular mechanisms of platinum anti-cancer drugs cisplatin (CP) and oxaliplatin (OX) are thought to be partially due to the differences in the DNA conformations of the CP and OX adducts that form on adjacent guanines on DNA, which in turn influence the binding of damage-recognition proteins that control downstream effects of the adducts. Here we report a comprehensive comparison of the structural distortion of DNA caused by CP and OX adducts in the TGGT sequence context using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. When compared to our previous studies in other sequence contexts, these structural studies help us understand the effect of the sequence context on the conformation of Pt-GG DNA adducts. We find that both the sequence context and the type of Pt-GG DNA adduct (CP vs. OX) play an important role in the conformation and the conformational dynamics of Pt-DNA adducts, possibly explaining their influence on the ability of many damage-recognition proteins to bind to Pt-DNA adducts.
Endogenous adenosine modulates gastric acid secretion to histamine in canine parietal cells.

We have recently demonstrated the presence of A1 adenosine receptors on canine parietal cells which are involved in the inhibition of histamine-stimulated acid secretion. In order to demonstrate the importance of endogenously generated adenosine on acid secretion we examined the effect of compounds that either increase or decrease the availability of adenosine to the A1 receptor on histamine-stimulated parietal cell aminopyrine (AP) accumulation. Inclusion of 10 microM 8-phenyltheophylline, an adenosine receptor antagonist, with the cells resulted in a 35 +/- 12% and 31 +/- 9% increase in parietal cell AP accumulation at histamine concentrations of 1 microM and 10 microM, respectively. The effect of 8-phenyltheophylline was specific to histamine in that it did not affect carbachol-stimulated AP accumulation or dibutyryl cyclic AMP-stimulated AP accumulation. Inclusion of 1 microM dipyridamole, an inhibitor of adenosine transport, resulted in a 34 +/- 6% and 31 +/- 5% decrease in parietal cell AP accumulation at histamine concentrations of 1 microM and 10 microM, respectively. Again the effect of dipyridamole was specific to histamine in that it did not affect either carbachol- or dibutyryl cyclic AMP-stimulated AP accumulation. The addition of adenosine deaminase, 500 mU/ml, resulted in an enhanced histamine-stimulated AP accumulation at all the histamine concentrations. The effect was specific to histamine because the enzyme had no effect on either carbachol- or dibutyryl cyclic AMP-stimulated AP uptake. Our present data suggest that endogenous adenosine generated by the gastric cells can interact with parietal cell adenosine receptors to modulate acid secretion to histamine. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure: A Study of Listed Companies in Bangladesh

This is an exploratory study designed to investigate the extant and nature of corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) in corporate annual reports (CAR) of listed companies in Bangladesh. Specifically, the report examines the relationship between corporate attributes and firm-specific factors and corporate social responsibility disclosures. Data are taken from annual reports of 2007 of the listed companies of Dhaka Stock Exchanges. The study uses ordinary least squares regression model to examine the relationship between explanatory variables and corporate social responsibility disclosure and un-weighted relative disclosure index to measure voluntary disclosure. The extent of CSRD level is measured using 39 items of information. The result shows a positive association between proportion of Independent Directors (INDs) and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure (CSRD). But, size of the firm does not affect the level of corporate social responsibility disclosure. Control variables suggest that Board Leadership Structure (BLS), Board Audit Committee (BAC) and Percentage Return on Equity (PROE) are positively associated with company’s corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD). The result shows that a higher proportion of independent non-executive directors on a board is positively related to the level of corporate social responsibility disclosure but the extent of corporate social responsibility disclosure is negatively related for firm’s size.
Unsupervised spectral learning of FSTs

Finite-State Transducers (FST) are a standard tool for modeling paired input-output sequences and are used in numerous applications, ranging from computational biology to natural language processing. Recently Balle et al. [4] presented a spectral algorithm for learning FST from samples of aligned input-output sequences. In this paper we address the more realistic, yet challenging setting where the alignments are unknown to the learning algorithm. We frame FST learning as finding a low rank Hankel matrix satisfying constraints derived from observable statistics. Under this formulation, we provide identifiability results for FST distributions. Then, following previous work on rank minimization, we propose a regularized convex relaxation of this objective which is based on minimizing a nuclear norm penalty subject to linear constraints and can be solved efficiently.
The Philosophy and Objectives of Education in

Education is crucial for all mankind. It is gained in order to perfect all aspects of human’s life. To achieve the true education, we must have the knowledge on the philosophy and objectives of education as stipulated in the Al-Quran and Sunnah. These sources help in the effective formulation of producing the complete growth of individual with integrated, balanced, and harmonious personality. The prime task of education is, to the nurture of personal growth. It is through this nurture of the individual and the preservation and transmission of culture that both the individual and society attain a quality of life. A good man is not necessarily a complete man. No one can be regarded as a complete man because there is no end to the growth of human personality. A wide knowledge of many subjects helps in the growth of personality provided a man knows how to adjust to knowledge to behavior, and how knowledge and action are integrated into a broad, total framework of life. Therefore, the aims of this paper is to identify and explain about Islamic education in terms of its concept, education in Islamic perspective, and focus on the philosophy and objectives of Islamic education in the wholly and holy concept of JERISAH as promulgated in the Education Conference in Makkah with some significant examples from the Muslims scholars as aspired in the Al-Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet SAW.
Simulation of the nano electronic single-electron transistor and the nanoelectronic C-NOT single-electron gate

A real time simulation of a single electron transistor and a single-electron control - not gate are presented. The logic operation of the control - not gate is verified using SIMON simulator. Bits of information are represented by the presence or absence of single electrons at conducting islands. The real time simulation of a single electron transistor is made with a MATLAB algorithm and it is based on the changes of the circuit's free energy. The operation of the circuits is analysed using the Monte Carlo method
In Silico Profiling of the Potentiality of Curcumin and Conventional Drugs for CagA Oncoprotein Inactivation

The oncoprotein cytotoxic associated gene A (CagA) of Helicobacter pylori plays a pivotal role in the development of gastric cancer, so it has been an important target for anti‐H. pylori drugs. Conventional drugs are currently being implemented against H. pylori. The inhibitory role of plant metabolites like curcumin against H. pylori is still a major scientific challenge. Curcumin may represent a novel promising drug against H. pylori infection without producing side effects. In the present study, a comparative analysis between curcumin and conventional drugs (clarithromycin, amoxicillin, pantoprazole, and metronidazole) was carried out using databases to investigate the potential of curcumin against H. pylori targeting the CagA oncoprotein. Curcumin was filtered using Lipinski's rule of five and the druglikeness property for evaluation of pharmacological properties. Subsequently, molecular docking was employed to determine the binding affinities of curcumin and conventional drugs to the CagA oncoprotein. According to the results obtained from FireDock, the binding energy of curcumin was higher than those of amoxicillin, pantoprazole, and metronidazole, except for clarithromycin, which had the highest binding energy. Accordingly, curcumin may become a promising lead compound against CagA+ H. pylori infection.
A magnetic poly(dimethylesiloxane) composite membrane incorporated with uniformly dispersed, coated iron oxide nanoparticles

We report a new magnetic polymer membrane for MEMS application. The polymeric magnetic composite has coated iron oxide nanoparticles incorporated in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. Existing magnetic polymeric materials have particle agglomeration problems, which result in rough surfaces and uneven mechanical and optical properties. We show that the use of iron oxide nanoparticles (10 nm in diameter) with fatty acid and hydrophobic coatings inhibits aggregation of particles in the PDMS polymer matrix. Agglomerated particle sizes in thin-film PDMS composites incorporated with uncoated and coated particles are 51 ± 24 µm and 1.6 ± 0.25 µm, respectively. The PDMS composites exhibit saturation magnetization of 22.8 to 23.94 emu g−1. Stress–strain curves of the composites are characterized by tensile tests. Free-standing magnetic PDMS membranes are fabricated in different sizes from 4 mm to 7 mm in diameter and with the thickness of 35.5 ± 1.5 µm. The membrane of 7 mm diameter achieves deflection of 625 µm in a 0.417 T magnetic field. The magnetic PDMS membranes may be used in micro-pumps and lab-on-a-chip applications.
Detection of Central Pulmonary Embolism on Computed Tomography Densitometry Images Before Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography

ObjectiveThe purpose of this article is to describe the imaging findings of acute central pulmonary embolism on computed tomography (CT) densitometry images performed before contrast-enhanced CT pulmonary angiography. MethodsA retrospective review was conducted of reports from all CT pulmonary angiograms performed at our institution, and cases of acute central pulmonary embolism, defined as those with clot in the main, left, or right pulmonary arteries, were identified. Images of positive studies were reviewed on a picture archiving and communications system (PACS) workstation. ResultsA total of 1282 CT pulmonary angiograms were obtained for evaluation of possible acute pulmonary embolism, and 1 combined CT aortogram and pulmonary angiogram was performed for aortic dissection and acute pulmonary embolism. Two hundred fourteen (16.7%) examinations positive for acute pulmonary embolism were identified, 26 (12.1%, 2.0% of total examinations) of which had central clots. Of the 26 patients with central acute pulmonary embolism, 12 (46.1%, 5.6% of all positive studies and 0.9% of all CT pulmonary angiograms) had clots that were visible on the densitometry images. ConclusionAlthough an uncommon finding, acute central pulmonary embolism can be detected on CT densitometry performed to optimize opacification of the pulmonary arteries for CT pulmonary angiography and may prove useful in selected clinical situations.
Flexibility of β‐sheets: Principal component analysis of database protein structures

Protein folds are built primarily from the packing together of two types of structures: α‐helices and β‐sheets. Neither structure is rigid, and the flexibility of helices and sheets is often important in determining the final fold (e.g., coiled coils and β‐barrels). Recent work has quantified the flexibility of α‐helices using a principal component analysis (PCA) of database helical structures (J. Mol. Bio. 2003, 327, pp. 229–237). Here, we extend the analysis to β‐sheet flexibility using PCA on a database of β‐sheet structures. For sheets of varying dimension and geometry, we find two dominant modes of flexibility: twist and bend. The distributions of amplitudes for these modes are found to be Gaussian and independent, suggesting that the PCA twist and bend modes can be identified as the soft elastic normal modes of sheets. We consider the scaling of mode eigenvalues with sheet size and find that parallel β‐sheets are more rigid than antiparallel sheets over the entire range studied. Finally, we discuss the application of our PCA results to modeling and design of β‐sheet proteins. Proteins 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Limit Theory for Controlled McKean-Vlasov Dynamics

This paper rigorously connects the problem of optimal control of McKean-Vlasov dynamics with large systems of interacting controlled state processes. Precisely, the empirical distributions of near-optimal control-state pairs for the $n$-state systems, as $n$ tends to infinity, admit limit points in distribution (if the objective functions are suitably coercive), and every such limit is supported on the set of optimal control-state pairs for the McKean-Vlasov problem. Conversely, any distribution on the set of optimal control-state pairs for the McKean-Vlasov problem can be realized as a limit in this manner. Arguments are based on controlled martingale problems, which lend themselves naturally to existence proofs; along the way it is shown that a large class of McKean-Vlasov control problems admit optimal Markovian controls.
Integrating Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Measurement for Soft Resource Allocation in Multi-tier Web Systems

Soft resources, which are system software components that use hardware or synchronize the use of hardware, are playing a critical role in the performance of multi-tier web systems, and thus it is quite important to tune the soft resource allocation for using the limited hardware resources to obtain maximum effectiveness. In this paper, we integrate both theoretical and experimental studies to the soft resource allocation problem. Specifically, we apply the queueing network model for formulating multi-tier web systems, and conduct experimental measurements based on the RUBiS benchmark system to obtain precise model parameters. Quantitative analysis is carried out, based on which an optimization model as well as an algorithm are put forward for soft resource allocation. The efficacy of our approach is validated by both theoretical analyses and experimental results.
Generalized ELL for detecting and tracking through illumination model changes

In previous work, we developed the Illum-PF-MT, which is the PF-MT idea applied to the problem of tracking temporally and spatially varying illumination change. In many practical problems, the rate at which illumination changes varies over time. For e.g. when a car transitions from shadow to sunlight or vice-versa the rate of illumination change is much higher than when it is in shadow or in sunlight. One way to model illumination change in such problems is using a Gaussian random walk model with two values of the change covariance - a large covariance when a "transition" is detected and a much smaller one when "no transition" is detected. But to use such a model, one needs to first detect the transition. The transition is a natural one and so it happens gradually (unlike a sudden manual dimming of the light in the room) and thus existing change detection statistics which are designed only for sudden changes are unable to detect the transition. In this paper, we propose to use the recently proposed generalized ELL (gELL) idea which uses the tracked part of the change to detect it and hence detects such partially trackable changes very quickly. Since gELL detects much before loss of track occurs, one is able to transition to the "transition" model and back without ever losing track. Also, for the first time, we demonstrate the use of gELL in combination with the PF-MT algorithm which is more stable to model change than the original PF.