Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Sulfate Transport in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Sulfur-Limited and Sulfur-Sufficient Growth

We have characterized sulfate transport in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during growth under sulfur-sufficient and sulfur-deficient conditions. Both the Vmax and the substrate concentration at which sulfate transport is half of the maximum velocity of the sulfate transport (K1/2) for uptake were altered in starved cells: the Vmax increased approximately 10-fold, and the K1/2 decreased approximately 7-fold. This suggests that sulfur-deprived C. reinhardtii cells synthesize a new, high-affinity sulfate transport system. This system accumulated rapidly; it was detected in cells within 1 h of sulfur deprivation and reached a maximum by 6 h. A second response to sulfur-limited growth, the production of arylsulfatase, was apparent only after 3 h of growth in sulfur-free medium. The enhancement of sulfate transport upon sulfur starvation was prevented by cycloheximide, but not by chloramphenicol, demonstrating that protein synthesis on 80S ribosomes was required for the development of the new, high-affinity system. The transport of sulfate into the cells occurred in both the light and the dark. Inhibition of ATP formation by the antibiotics carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and gramicidin-S and inhibition of either F- or P-type ATPases by N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and vanadate completely abolished sulfate uptake. Furthermore, nigericin, a carboxylate ionophore that exchanges H+ for K+, inhibited transport in both the light and the dark. Finally, uptake in the dark was strongly inhibited by valinomycin. These results suggest that sulfate transport in C. reinhardtii is an energy-dependent process and that it may be driven by a proton gradient generated by a plasma membrane ATPase.
RepSox Slows Decay of CD34+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Decreases T Cell Immunoglobulin Mucin‐3 Expression

Despite initial response to therapy, most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients relapse. To eliminate relapse‐causing leukemic stem/progenitor cells (LPCs), patient‐specific immune therapies may be required. In vitro cellular engineering may require increasing the “stemness” or immunogenicity of tumor cells and activating or restoring cancer‐impaired immune‐effector and antigen‐presenting cells. Leukapheresis samples provide the cells needed to engineer therapies: LPCs to be targeted, normal hematopoietic stem cells to be spared, and cancer‐impaired immune cells to be repaired and activated. This study sought to advance development of LPC‐targeted therapies by exploring nongenetic ways to slow the decay and to increase the immunogenicity of primary CD34+ AML cells. CD34+ AML cells generally displayed more colony‐forming and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity than CD34− AML cells. Along with exposure to bone marrow stromal cells and low (1%–5%) oxygen, culture with RepSox (a reprogramming tool and inhibitor of transforming growth factor‐β receptor 1) consistently slowed decline of CD34+ AML and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cells. RepSox‐treated AML cells displayed higher CD34, CXCL12, and MYC mRNA levels than dimethyl sulfoxide‐treated controls. RepSox also accelerated loss of T cell immunoglobulin mucin‐3 (Tim‐3), an immune checkpoint receptor that impairs antitumor immunity, from the surface of AML and MDS cells. Our results suggest RepSox may reduce Tim‐3 expression by inhibiting transforming growth factor‐β signaling and slow decay of CD34+ AML cells by increasing CXCL12 and MYC, two factors that inhibit AML cell differentiation. By prolonging survival of CD34+ AML cells and reducing Tim‐3, RepSox may promote in vitro immune cell activation and advance development of LPC‐targeted therapies.
Remineralization Property of an Orthodontic Primer Containing a Bioactive Glass with Silver and Zinc

White spot lesions (WSLs) are irreversible damages in orthodontic treatment due to excessive etching or demineralization by microorganisms. In this study, we conducted a mechanical and cell viability test to examine the antibacterial properties of 0.2% and 1% bioactive glass (BAG) and silver-doped and zinc-doped BAGs in a primer and evaluated their clinical applicability to prevent WSLs. The microhardness statistically significantly increased in the adhesive-containing BAG, while the other samples showed no statistically significant difference compared with the control group. The shear bond strength of all samples increased compared with that of the control group. The cell viability of the control and sample groups was similar within 24 h, but decreased slightly over 48 h. All samples showed antibacterial properties. Regarding remineralization property, the group containing 0.2% of the samples showed remineralization properties compared with the control group, but was not statistically significant; further, the group containing 1% of the samples showed a significant difference compared with the control group. Among them, the orthodontic bonding primer containing 1% silver-doped BAG showed the highest remineralization property. The new orthodontic bonding primer used in this study showed an antimicrobial effect, chemical remineralization effect, and WSL prevention as well as clinically applicable properties, both physically and biologically.
Design for Inquiry-based Learning Case Studies

The past six months have witnessed the development and dissemination of a number of case studies of inquiry-based learning (IBL) projects supported and developed by the Centre for Inquiry-based Learning in the Arts and Social Sciences (CILASS), a Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning at the University of Sheffield ( www.shef.ac.uk/cilass/cases ). The cases aim to provide practitioners with accessible, informative and inspiring resources that illustrate ways in which inquiry-based learning is conceptualised, designed and facilitated in different disciplinary contexts. They are intended to communicate something of the experiences of students and staff who have been involved in inquiry-based learning activities at Sheffield.
Occupational Electric and Magnetic Field Exposure and Brain Cancer: A Meta‐Analysis

We conducted a meta-analysis to acquire an understanding of the association between central nervous system cancer and occupational exposure to electric and magnetic fields. To explore sources of heterogeneity, study characteristics were scored and examined using regression analysis. An inverse-variance weighted pooling leads to a small overall increase in relative risk (10 to 20%) for the broad group of electrical occupations. One of the largest differences was lower relative risk for Scandinavian studies. Lower relative risks were also reported in cohort-and incidence-based studies. Findings were not sensitive to assumptions, including unpublished data, influence of individual studies, weighting schemes, and modeling. Whereas most studies present a small elevation in risk, there is considerable heterogeneity among the results.
Process Planning in Microwave Module Production

This paper describes the development of a process planning module for an integrated product and process design (IPPD) tool which automates the design and manufacture of microwave modules. Specifically, this paper presents a process template that is used to interface with multiobjective optimization techniques to create a planner that can consider alternative designs based on process yields, cost, and manufacturing and purchasing lead times. The integration of the planner and the tradeoff optimization modules provides the designer immediate feedback on cost and productivity through generation and evaluation of alternative designs early in the design stage.
Delaunay Triangulations in O(sort(n)) Time and More

We present several results about Delaunay triangulations (DTs) and convex hulls in transdichotomous and hereditary settings: (i) the DT of a planar point set can be computed in expected time O(sort(n)) on a word RAM, where sort(n)is the time to sort n numbers. We assume that the word RAM supports the shuffle-operation in constant time; (ii) if we know the ordering of a planar point set in x- and in y-direction, its DT can be found by a randomized algebraic computation tree of expected linear depth;(iii) given a universe U of points in the plane, we construct a data structure D for Delaunay queries: for any subset P of U, D can find the DT of P in time O(|P| loglog |U|); (iv) given a universe U of points in 3-space in general convex position, there is a data structure D for convex hull queries: for any subset P of U, D can find the convex hull of P in time O(|P| (log log |U|)^2);(v) given a convex polytope in 3-space with n vertices which are colored with k ≫ 2 colors, we can split it into the convex hulls of the individual color classes in time O(n (log log n)^2). The results (i)--(iii) generalize to higher dimensions. We need a wide range of techniques. Most prominently, we describe a reduction from DTs to nearest-neighbor graphs that relies on a new variant of randomized incremental constructions using dependent sampling.
Self-esteem, depression, hopelessness, and suicidal intent among psychiatrically disturbed inpatient children

Evaluated depression, hopelessness, and self-esteem in suicidal ideation and attempt among inpatient children (N = 123, ages 6 to 13 years). Suicidal ideators (n = 39), attempters (n = 42), and nonsuicidal patient control children (n = 42) participated. The major findings were that: (a) suicidal children reported significantly greater depression and hopelessness and lower self-esteem than did nonsuicidal children; (b) depression, as measured by the Children' Depression Inventory (CDI), was the single beast predictor of suicidal ideation and attempt; (c) hopelessness and self-esteem did not contribute further to the discrimination of suicidal children once CLPI depression entered; (d) when the CDZ was replaced by diagnosis of depression in the discriminant analysis, the Self-Esteem Inventory became the only measure to enter the equation; (e) suicidal girls were classified with greater accuracy than suicidal boys; and (f) the contribution of depression and self-esteem to discriminating between suicidal and .
Feature and significance of the ratios of peripheral blood T lymphocytes for patients with hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.

This study aims to investigate the changes and significance of the peripheral blood T lymphocytes for patients with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) related acute-on-chronic liver failure. 50 patients with HBV related acute-on-chronic liver failure (liver failure group), 50 patients with Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB group), and 20 healthy persons taking physical examination in the corresponding period (healthy control group) were selected to determine the proportions of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in peripheral blood by flow cytometry. Compared with healthy control group, the proportions of peripheral blood CD3+, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD4+CD25+ Tregs significantly decreased in liver failure group, while the proportion of CD4+CD25+ Tregs significantly increased in CHB group. Taken together, these data suggest that the changes in peripheral blood T lymphocytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD4+CD25+ Tregs are involved in HBV related acute-on-chronic liver failure.
Cluster-Based Vehicular Data Collection for Efficient LTE Machine-Type Communication

Machine-Type Communication (MTC) poses an ongoing research topic in the development of cellular communication systems. In this context, the efficient collection of extended Floating Car Data (xFCD) via Long Term Evolution (LTE) is a major challenge. In this paper, we present cluster-based xFCD collection schemes in order to form clusters with a long lifetime. As a result, the proposed clustering algorithms reduce the occurring cellular communication traffic. For the performance evaluation of the presented algorithm, a novel system model is used. By means of the system model, the user mobility can be modeled realistically and a precise quantification of the utilization of the LTE network for xFCD transmission is possible. The results show that the LTE network utilization can be significantly reduced by the proposed clustering algorithms.
How landscape dynamics link individual‐ to population‐level movement patterns: a multispecies comparison of ungulate relocation data

Aim To demonstrate how the interrelations of individual movements form large-scale population-level movement patterns and how these patterns are associated with the underlying landscape dynamics by comparing ungulate movements across species. Locations Arctic tundra in Alaska and Canada, temperate forests in Massachusetts, Patagonian Steppes in Argentina, Eastern Steppes in Mongolia. Methods We used relocation data from four ungulate species (barren-ground caribou, Mongolian gazelle, guanaco and moose) to examine individual movements and the interrelation of movements among individuals. We applied and developed a suite of spatial metrics that measure variation in movement among individuals as population dispersion, movement coordination and realized mobility. Taken together, these metrics allowed us to quantify and distinguish among different large-scale population-level movement patterns such as migration, range residency and nomadism. We then related the population-level movement patterns to the underlying landscape vegetation dynamics via long-term remote sensing measurements of the temporal variability, spatial variability and unpredictability of vegetation productivity. Results Moose, which remained in sedentary home ranges, and guanacos, which were partially migratory, exhibited relatively short annual movements associated with landscapes having very little broad-scale variability in vegetation. Caribou and gazelle performed extreme long-distance movements that were associated with broad-scale variability in vegetation productivity during the peak of the growing season. Caribou exhibited regular seasonal migration in which individuals were clustered for most of the year and exhibited coordinated movements. In contrast, gazelle were nomadic, as individuals were independently distributed and moved in an uncoordinated manner that relates to the comparatively unpredictable (yet broad-scale) vegetation dynamics of their landscape. Main conclusions We show how broad-scale landscape unpredictability may lead to nomadism, an understudied type of long-distance movement. In contrast to classical migration where landscapes may vary at broad scales but in a predictable manner, long-distance movements of nomadic individuals are uncoordinated and independent from other such individuals. Landscapes with little broad-scale variability in vegetation productivity feature smaller-scale movements and allow for range residency. Nomadism requires distinct integrative conservation strategies that facilitate long-distance movements across the entire landscape and are not limited to certain migration corridors.
Asymmetrical query recommendation method based on bipartite network resource allocation

This paper presents a new query recommendation method that generates recommended query list by mining large-scale user logs. Starting from the user logs of click-through data, we construct a bipartite network where the nodes on one side correspond to unique queries, on the other side to unique URLs. Inspired by the bipartite network based resource allocation method, we try to extract the hidden information from the Query-URL bipartite network. The recommended queries generated by the method are asymmetrical which means two related queries may have different strength to recommend each other. To evaluate the method, we use one week user logs from Chinese search engine Sogou. The method is not only `content ignorant', but also can be easily implemented in a paralleled manner, which is feasible for commercial search engines to handle large scale user logs.
Integrating shared workspace, wiki and blog technologies to support interpersonal Knowledge Connection

Nowadays, Concurrent Engineering generalised implementation within business and professional ecosystems requires new multidisciplinary and multi-site collaborative environments, methods and tools that could stimulate creativity and increase innovation opportunities. While the focus in the past was on how to improve processes within single organisations, the current business network dynamics render the old methods unusable. What is needed are the methods and tools to support interpersonal communication and interpersonal productivity in order to maintain a higher level of knowledge entropy that can eventually assist knowledge workers generating more ideas and therefore stimulates creativity. This paper presents a virtual space of networked individuals within on-line communities through the integration of several technologies, namely shared workspace, wikis, wikis and blogs, to better support interpersonal knowledge connection. While shared workspace technology has already been widely deployed to support project teams, very little has been done so far regarding the use of wiki and blog technologies in the context of supporting on-line communities (e.g. Wikipedia) of knowledge workers. Our main idea was to integrate those technologies together and to use the resulting collaborative environment as a knowledge networking instrument where fonnalised concepts and members' profile are key components to support people-concepts networking. Another aspect of this implementation is to be able to experiment new ways of connecting people and concepts together. There are already open source software components supporting hyper graph that could be used for navigating into people-concepts networks or maps where one can discover new relevant resources to collaborate with. This could lead to the design of a new open collaboration platfonn to stimulate creativity and innovation. The paper looks also into the open content licensing mode and its potential benefits into a collaborative working environment as a freedom element that spurs creativity and innovation. Overall, it is believed that this kind of technology integration could be providing much faster and broader access to existing knowledge and people knowhow, thus providing more opportunities or alternatives to professionals engaged into knowledge intensive work. Our approach is also to find a systematic way of collecting and analysing data in order to evaluate the impacts on interpersonal productivity, creativity and innovation within online collaboration sessions. After all, knowledge creation is a social activity that needs to be specifically addressed and supported within new collaborative working environments. The paper concludes by introducing a new scientific domain branded as "Knowledge Connection" which stands at the crossroads of existing scientific domains such as Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Representation and Visualisation, Collaborative Networks, and Computer Support for Collaborative Work.
A longitudinal study of cyberbullying: Examining riskand protective factors

The objective of the current study was to examine possible risk (school-bullying and victimization, exposure to media violence, callous-unemotional traits, impulsivity and narcissism) and protective (family, peer and school social support) factors that might be associated with cyberbullying and cyber-victimization by employing a longitudinal, two-wave design. The sample consisted of 1,416 (50.1% girls) adolescents living in Cyprus. The findings suggested cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between school-bullying and cyberbullying and between school-victimization and cyber-victimization. Furthermore, callous-unemotional traits were longitudinally related to cyberbullying. Media violence exposure was a risk factor leading to both cyberbullying and cyber-victimization, while family social support was a protective factor for both types of adjustment problems. Finally, family social support protected adolescents living in single-parent households from being cyber-victimized when their friendships were not supportive.
Rough sets attributes reduction based expert system in interlaced video sequences

A deinterlacing algorithm that is based on rough sets theory is researched and applied in this paper. The fundamental concepts of rough sets, with upper and lower approximations, offer a powerful means of representing uncertain boundary regions in image processing. However, there are a few studies that discuss the effectiveness of the rough sets concept in the field of engineering. Moreover, the studies involving deinterlacing systems that are based on rough sets have not been proposed yet. Thus, this paper proposes a deinterlacing method that will reliably confirm that the method being tested is the most suitable for the sequence, with almost perfect reliability. This proposed deinterlacing approach employs a size reduction of the database system, keeping only the essential information for the process. Decision making and interpolation results are presented. The results of computer simulations show that the proposed method outperforms a number of methods presented in the literature
Cyberbullying in Schools

This study investigates the nature and the extent of adolescences’ experience of cyberbullying. A survey study of 264 students from three junior high schools was conducted. In this article, ‘cyberbullying’ refers to bullying via electronic communication tools. The results show that close to half of the students were bully victims and about one in four had been cyber-bullied. Over half of the students reported that they knew someone being cyberbullied. Almost half of the cyberbullies used electronic means to harass others more than three times. The majority of the cyber-bully victims and bystanders did not report the incidents to adults. When gender was considered, significant differences were identified in terms of bullying and cyberbullying. Males were more likely to be bullies and cyberbullies than their female counterparts. In addition, female cyberbully victims were more likely to inform adults than their male counterparts.
Analytical Description and Design of Printed Dipole Arrays for Wideband Wide-Scan Applications

Wideband arrays of printed dipoles with inter-element loads are investigated. A closed-form expression for the active input impedance of the array element is derived with a spectral domain approach. The procedure is based on an extension of the Green's function formulation for arrays of connected dipoles to the case of dipoles coupled via loads. The accuracy of the formulation is investigated with the aid of parametric analyses. The model can be used in the preliminary design of wideband printed dipoles for the dimensioning of the radiating elements. The procedure remains accurate also for arrays of dipoles that are not tightly coupled, for which and the current along the element assumes a resonant-like sinusoidal distribution.
Using Weather-Related Derivative Products for Tourism and Hospitality Businesses

Weather risk is a crucial element of overall risk management for a wide variety of businesses (Cao, Li & Wei, 2003) in energy, agriculture, food, tourism and hospitality sectors. Particularly, hospitality businesses such as hotels, restaurants and cafes are highly vulnerable when faced with unexpected weather conditions. For instance in a major metropolitan city like Istanbul, a five-degree-drop in temperature in summer, may cause many city-break tourists to stay indoors rather than to go out and spend their money in restaurants and cafes.