Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Double Shock Control Bump design optimization using hybridised evolutionary algorithms

The paper investigates two advanced optimisation methods for solving active flow control device shape design problem and also compares their optimisation efficiency in terms of computational cost and design quality. The first optimisation method uses Hierarchical Asynchronous Parallel Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (HAPMOEA) and the second uses Hybridized EA with Nash-Game strategies. Both optimisation method are based on a canonical evolution strategy and incorporates the concepts of parallel computing and asynchronous evaluation. For the practical test case, one of active flow control devices named Shock Control Bump (SCB) is considered and it is applied to Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) aerofoil. The concept of SCB is to decelerate supersonic flow on upper/lower surface of transonic aerofoil that leads delay of shock occurrence. Such active flow technique reduces a total drag at transonic speeds. Numerical results clearly show that Hybrid-Game helps EA to accelerate optimisation process, and also applying SCB on the suction and pressure sides significantly reduces transonic wave drag and improves lift on drag (L/D) value when compared to the baseline design.
Structural and magnetic properties of transition metal substituted BaFe2As2 compounds studied by x-ray and neutron scattering

The purpose of my dissertation is to understand the structural and magnetic properties of the newly discovered FeAs-based superconductors and the interconnection between superconductivity, antiferromagnetism, and structure. X-ray and neutron scattering techniques are powerful tools to directly observe the structure and magnetism in this system. I used both xray and neutron scattering techniques on di#11;erent transition substituted BaFe2As2 compounds in order to investigate the substitution dependence of structural and magnetic transitions and try to understand the connections between them.
Decentralized Laplacian Eigenvalues Estimation of the Network Topology of a Multi-Agent System

In this paper we present the ﬁrst known decentralized algorithm to estimate the eigenvalues of the Laplacian of the network topology of a multi-agent system. We provide formal proofs for the algorithm convergence properties and simulations to substantiate its effectiveness. The algorithm and the related theory are presented in continuous time. We ﬁnally show some numerical simulations and discuss the practical implementation of the proposed algorithm from a digital signal processing perspective.
Object-based broadcasting – for European leadership in next generation audio experiences D3.5: Specification and implementation of reference audio processing for use in content creation and consumption based on novel broadcast quality standards

There are several fundamental signal processing software blocks in the ORPHEUS object-based broadcasting (signal) chain. This document describes those that have been created already, the operating parameters where these have been established but the software not yet written. In addition, broad functional descriptions are given of some processes that might be desirable, but for which there are no definite plans within the ORPHEUS project. The most complex processes are microphone array signal processing, and the rendering of objects to loudspeaker signals.
Factors That Are Associated With Physical Activity Among Visitors To Urban National Parks: Are There Group Differences

Abstract : Research results indicate that optimal levels of physical activity (PA) yield a wide variety of beneficial health outcomes. There are, however, marked disparities between racial/ethnic groups in meeting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) recommended levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Urban national parks, especially those near communities of color, offer opportunities to encourage MVPA among their visitors. Nonetheless, research to identify facilitators and barriers to PA in these settings is limited and warrants further investigation. We aimed to identify psychosocial factors (e.g. self-efficacy, self-regulation, outcome expectancies, and social support) and perceived characteristics of a park (i.e. the social and physical environment) that are associated with an active park visit. Additionally, this investigation determined if the likelihood of an active visit was associated with visitor sociodemographic characteristics (e.g. race/ethnicity or age), group composition and weather.
Outline and Performance Analysis of a Multiuser OFDM Based Differential Chaos Shift Keying Communication System

Unique - In this paper, a multiuser OFDM-based disarray move keying (MU OFDM-DCSK) adjustment is introduced. In this sys-tem, the spreading activity is performed in time space over the multicarrier frequencies. To permit the numerous entrance situation without utilizing exorbitant data transmission, every client has NP predefined private frequencies from the N accessible frequencies to transmit its reference flag and offer with alternate clients the rest of the frequencies to transmit its M spread bits. In this new plan, NP copied confused reference signals are utilized to transmit M bits as opposed to utilizing M diverse disorderly reference motions as done in DCSK frameworks. Besides, given that NP << M, the MU OFDM-DCSK plot increments ghostly effectiveness, utilizes less vitality and permits various access situation. Consequently, the utilization of OFDM technique diminishes the reconciliation many-sided quality of the framework where the parallel low pass channels are never again expected to recoup the trans-mitted information as in multicarrier DCSK conspire. At last, the bit mistake rate execution is examined under multipath Rayleigh blurring channels, within the sight of multiuser and added substance white Gaussian commotion obstructions. Recreation comes about affirm the exactness of our examination and demonstrate the benefits of this new mixture plan.
High-order Model-free Adaptive Iterative Learning Control for Velocity Tracking of Wheeled Mobile Robots

In this paper, a data-driven high-order model-free adaptive iterative learning control (HMFAILC) is developed by a wheeled mobile robots (WMR) for trajectory tracking in the repetitive systems. The design and analysis of the controller only uses the I/O of the system and in the absence of any explicit model information. Control performance is improved by using higher-order learning control methods to obtain more control information in the iterative process. The control performance of the control scheme is proved by mathematical analysis and simulation.
in Computer

—“Evolving Cloud Computing has released vast opportunities to share large amount of distributed resources globally and conveniently with significant pace. Despite the potential to provide low cost security, its ever increasing popularity and usage has put forward new challenges related to security and trust for the users as well as for the service providers. Selfish behaviour of nodes in the wireless sensor network further complicates the task. This paper proposes an improvised Eigen Trust algorithm along with enhanced normalization and remunerates trust transitivity clause, an algorithm which reduces the number of inauthentic files spread in the network, by isolating malicious peers from it. Finally the proposed mechanism has been tested under a simulated environment and the results have been presented . ”
An ontology-based multiagent approach to outbound intrusion detection

Summary form only given. The advantages of using knowledge representation and management techniques in information security have been already identified by some researchers, however, little has been done to enable security technologies with them. We present an ontology-based multiagent architecture that implements outbound intrusion detection, a monitoring approach that aims at guaranteeing that local systems are not used to compromise others. The specific goal is to identify automated attack tools, which constitute a public, unexplored repository of software security information. An attacker-centric ontology supports the architecture. Agents organized into teams execute on trusted sub-environments called cells, which are in turn organized non-hierarchically. Cells perform two independent misuse detection strategies whose output is further correlated to provide a third, more accurate diagnosis. Ontology and signature updates are deployed over the Internet as a way to speed up incident response.
in Computer

— Cost and scalability benefits of Cloud storage services are apparent. However, selecting a single storage service provider limits availability and scalability to the selected provider and may further cause a vendor lock-in effect. In this paper, we present Meta Storage, a federated Cloud storage system that can integrate diverse Cloud storage providers. Meta Storage is a highly available and scalable distributed hash table that replicates data on top of diverse storage services. Meta Storage reuses mechanisms from Amazon’s Dynamo for cross-provider replication and hence introduces a novel approach to manage consistency-latency tradeoffs by extending the traditional quorum (N; R; W) configurations to an (NP; R; W) scheme that includes different providers as an additional dimension. With MetaStorage, new means to control consistency-latency tradeoffs are introduced
MODELLING STUDIES OF EXOPLANETARY OCEANS

The ocean plays a key role in the climate of Earth, and it is therefore expected that any oceans present on an exoplanet would also be a crucial component of the climate system and hence have implications for the habitability of the planet. However, many planetary and oceanic properties cannot be assumed to be the same on an exoplanet as on Earth, and therefore the behaviour of the ocean cannot be assumed. Here, basic land conﬁgurations are explored and a single meridional barrier is used throughout the other experiments, as this is the simplest conﬁguration of any substantial land mass. The eﬀect of ocean salinity, at a level both higher and lower than on Earth, is explored for the ﬁrst time and reversal of the Earth-like meridional overturning circulation is found. The proportionality between mean salinity and salinity gradients in the ocean is established. The impact of planetary rotation period is also investigated, and it is concluded that a longer rotation period results in a greater poleward ocean heat transport, with the additional novel conclusions of a shallower thermocline depth, increased horizontal ocean velocities, and stronger overturning circulation. Finally, existing ocean modelling of a tidally locked conﬁguration is furthered by the addition of diﬀerent land masses, the extent of the zonal circulation and magnitude of the zonal heat transport is found to have signiﬁcant dependence on the location of a meridional barrier in the ocean, with resulting dark side mean temperatures varying by over 7˝C. The modelling presented here highlights the importance of the consideration of the ocean in exoplanetary climate studies, and its role in planetary habitability.
Abstract—text Categorization Is the Problem of Classifying Text

documents into a set of predefined classes. After a preprocessing step, the documents are typically represented as large sparse vectors. When training classifiers on large collections of documents, both the time and memory restrictions can be quite prohibitive. This justifies the application of feature selection methods to reduce the dimensionality of the document-representation vector. In this paper, three feature selection methods are evaluated: Random Selection, Information Gain (IG) and Support Vector Machine feature selection (called SVM_FS). We show that the best results were obtained with SVM_FS method for a relatively small dimension of the feature vector. Also we present a novel method to better correlate SVM kernel's parameters (Polynomial or Gaussian kernel).
Sensory perception of fluctuating light in Arabidopsis

When exposed to shade from neighbours, competitive plants modify their growth patterns to improve access to light. In dense plant stands, ranging from forests to humid grasslands and crops, shade is interrupted by sunflecks penetrating the canopy. Relatively infrequent, minute-scale interruptions can significantly contribute to the daily light input. However, given the short duration and the time gap between these low frequency sunflecks (LFS), whether plants can sense them was unknown. Here we show that phytochrome B (phyB), cryptochrome 1 (cry1), cry2, and UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) cooperatively perceive LFS to reduce hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. LFS also enhanced the expression of photosynthetic and photo-protective genes and initiated pre-emptive acclimation to water restriction. Repeated LFS increased the nuclear abundance of cry1 and UVR8. This positive feedback enhanced the sensitivity to subsequent LFS and even to the shade between LFS. LFS reduced the nuclear abundance of the growth regulator PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4), which only slowly recovered upon return to shade, further amplifying the signal. The dynamics of the photo-sensory system under fluctuating light helps adjust plants to the prevailing conditions.
Multi-tissue transition of A-to-I RNA editing pattern and its regulatory relevance in transcription, splicing, and translation during development

Previous studies have shown that A-to-I RNA editing can occur in various organs and tissues of normal physiological conditions. However, the dynamics of RNA editing and its functional relevance in multiple tissues and organs during the embryo-to-adult transition in mammals remains to be elucidated. Herein, we performed a comprehensive analysis of RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling of six mouse tissues at embryonic and adult stages, to elucidate the tissue- and stage-specific landscape of A-to-I RNA editing. Our result identified transcriptome-wide A-to-I RNA editing in six tissue types. Furthermore, differential expression was concurrently observed in a set of distinct differential RNA editing genes at both mRNA and protein levels across different tissues. Gene function and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these genes with both differential editing and expression were involved in not only tissue-specific biological functions, but also common fundamental processes of post-transcriptional and post-translational modification. Further analysis showed a dynamic interaction between A-to-I RNA editing and alternative splicing in cell survival, death, signal transduction, and cell-cell interactions during development. Overall, our study demonstrates the potential role played by A-to-I editing during development, providing new insight into the effects of RNA editing within both transcriptional and translational landscape on it.
The Dorsal Column Nuclei Scales Mechanical Allodynia During Neuropathic Pain

Tactile perception relies on reliable transmission and modulation of low-threshold information as it travels from the periphery to the brain. During pathological conditions, tactile stimuli can aberrantly engage nociceptive pathways leading to the perception of touch as pain, known as mechanical allodynia. Two main drivers of peripheral tactile information, low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs) and postsynaptic dorsal column neurons (PSDCs), terminate in the brainstem dorsal column nuclei (DCN). Activity within the DRG, spinal cord, and DCN have all been implicated in mediating allodynia, yet the DCN remains understudied at the cellular, circuit, and functional levels compared to the other two. Here, we show that the gracile nucleus (Gr) of the DCN mediates tactile sensitivity for low-threshold stimuli and contributes to mechanical allodynia during neuropathic pain. We found that the Gr contains local inhibitory interneurons in addition to VPL-projecting neurons, which are differentially innervated by primary afferents and spinal inputs. Functional manipulations of these distinct Gr neuronal populations resulted in bidirectional changes to tactile sensitivity, but did not affect noxious mechanical or thermal sensitivity. During neuropathic pain, silencing Gr projection neurons or activating Gr inhibitory neurons was able to reduce tactile hypersensitivity, and enhancing inhibition was able to ameliorate paw withdrawal signatures of neuropathic pain, like shaking. Collectively, these results suggest that the Gr plays a specific role in mediating hypersensitivity to low-threshold, innocuous mechanical stimuli during neuropathic pain, and that Gr activity contributes to affective, pain-associated phenotypes of mechanical allodynia. Therefore, these brainstem circuits work in tandem with traditional spinal circuits underlying allodynia, resulting in enhanced signaling of tactile stimuli in the brain during neuropathic pain.
Spherical Echo-Planar Time-resolved Imaging (sEPTI) for rapid 3D quantitative T2* and Susceptibility imaging

Purpose To develop a 3D spherical EPTI (sEPTI) acquisition and a comprehensive reconstruction pipeline for rapid high-quality whole-brain submillimeter T2* and QSM quantification. Methods For the sEPTI acquisition, spherical k-space coverage is utilized with variable echo-spacing and maximum kx ramp-sampling to improve efficiency and incoherency when compared to existing EPTI approaches. For reconstruction, an iterative rank-shrinking B0 estimation and odd-even high-order phase correction algorithms were incorporated into the reconstruction to better mitigate artifacts from field imperfections. A physics-informed unrolled network was utilized to boost the SNR, where 1-mm and 0.75-mm isotropic whole-brain imaging were performed in 45 and 90 seconds, respectively. These protocols were validated through simulations, phantom, and in vivo experiments. Ten healthy subjects were recruited to provide sufficient data for the unrolled network. The entire pipeline was validated on additional 5 healthy subjects where different EPTI sampling approaches were compared. Two additional pediatric patients with epilepsy were recruited to demonstrate the generalizability of the unrolled reconstruction. Results sEPTI achieved 1.4 × faster imaging with improved image quality and quantitative map precision compared to existing EPTI approaches. The B0 update and the phase correction provide improved reconstruction performance with lower artifacts. The unrolled network boosted the SNR, achieving high-quality T2* and QSM quantification with single average data. High-quality reconstruction was also obtained in the pediatric patient using this network. Conclusion sEPTI achieved whole-brain distortion-free multi-echo imaging and T2* and QSM quantification at 0.75 mm in 90 seconds which has the potential to be useful for wide clinical applications.
Kinetochores grip microtubules with directionally asymmetric strength

For accurate mitosis, all chromosomes must achieve ‘bi-orientation’, with replicated sister chromatids coupled via kinetochores to the plus ends of opposing microtubules. However, kinetochores first bind the sides of microtubules and subsequently find plus ends by directed transport or when side-attached microtubules shorten and bring their ends to the kinetochores. Mitotic accuracy depends on the selective release of erroneous attachments and proposed mechanisms have focused mainly on plus-end attachments. Whether erroneous side-attachments are distinguished from correct side-attachments is unknown. Here we show that side-attached kinetochores are very sensitive to microtubule polarity, gripping six-fold more strongly when pulled toward plus versus minus ends. This directionally asymmetric grip correlates with changes in the axial arrangement of subcomplexes within the kinetochores, suggesting that internal architecture dictates attachment strength. We propose that the kinetochore’s directional grip promotes accuracy specifically during early mitosis, by stabilizing correct attachments even before both sisters have found plus ends.
Integrating short-read and long-read single-cell RNA sequencing for comprehensive transcriptome profiling in mouse retina

The vast majority of protein-coding genes in the human genome produce multiple mRNA isoforms through alternative splicing, significantly enhancing the complexity of the transcriptome and proteome. To establish an efficient method for characterizing transcript isoforms within tissue samples, we conducted a systematic comparison between single-cell long-read and conventional short-read RNA sequencing techniques. The transcriptome of approximately 30,000 mouse retina cells was profiled using 1.54 billion Illumina short reads and 1.40 billion Oxford Nanopore long reads. Consequently, we identified 44,325 transcript isoforms, with a notable 38% previously uncharacterized and 17% expressed exclusively in distinct cellular subclasses. We observed that long-read sequencing not only matched the gene expression and cell-type annotation performance of short-read sequencing but also excelled in the precise identification of transcript isoforms. While transcript isoforms are often shared across various cell types, their relative abundance shows considerable cell-type-specific variation. The data generated from our study significantly enhance the existing repertoire of transcript isoforms, thereby establishing a foundational resource for future research into the mechanisms and implications of alternative splicing within retinal biology and its links to related diseases.
Topographical changes in extracellular matrix during skin fibrosis and recovery can be evaluated using automated image analysis algorithms

Skin fibrosis is characterized by fibroblast activation and intradermal fat loss, resulting in excess deposition and remodeling of dermal extracellular matrix (ECM). The topography of the dominant ECM proteins, such as collagens, can indicate skin stiffness and remains understudied in evaluating fibrotic skin. Here, we adapted two different unbiased image analysis algorithms to define collagen topography and alignment in a genetically inducible and reversible Wnt activation fibrosis model. We demonstrated that Wnt activated fibrotic skin has altered collagen fiber characteristics and a loss of collagen alignment, which were restored in the reversible model. This study highlights how unbiased algorithms can be used to analyze ECM topography, providing novel avenues to evaluate fibrotic skin onset, recovery, and treatment.
Memory load influences our preparedness to act on visual representations in working memory without affecting their accessibility

It is well established that when we hold more content in working memory, we are slower to act upon specific content when it becomes relevant for behavior. Here, we asked whether slower responses with higher working-memory load can be accounted for by slower access to sensory representations held in working memory (according to a serial internal search), or by a lower preparedness to act upon them. To address this, we designed a visual-motor working-memory task in which participants memorized the orientation of two or four colored bars, of which one was cued for reproduction. We independently tracked the selection of visual (cued item location) and motor (relevant manual action) information from the EEG time-frequency signal, and compared their latencies between our memory-load conditions. We confirm slower memory-guided behavior with higher working-memory load and show that this is associated with delayed motor selection, but find no evidence for a concomitant delay in the latency of visual selection. Moreover, we show that variability in decision times within each memory-load condition is associated with corresponding changes in the latency of motor, but not visual selection. These results reveal how memory load affects our preparedness to act on, without necessarily changing the ability to access, sensory representations in working memory. This posits action readiness is a key factor that shapes the speed of memory-guided behavior and that underlies delayed responses with higher working-memory load.