Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca: investigación y aplicaciones prácticas para el control de los procesos adaptativos en el deporte

espanolEsta revision analiza las principales aplicaciones y limitaciones de los monitores de frecuencia cardiaca en el ambito deportivo. Los aspectos clave, que tanto investigadores como entrenadores deberian considerar, han sido expuestos con el fin de optimizar su uso en el control diario del entrenamiento mediante la monitorizacion de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca. Estos se refieren a la fiabilidad y validez; asi como consideraciones metodologicas fundamentales para su registro e interpretacion. Teniendo en cuenta sus limitaciones, este trabajo manifiesta la utilidad de los principales indicadores de actividad parasimpatica (i.e. rMSSD) donde monitorizados en reposo durante cortos periodos, 3-4 ves por semana, podrian mejorar los procesos de control de adaptacion al entrenamiento, tanto fisiologicos como psicologicos, en deportes individuales y colectivos. En conjunto, el analisis muestra que la frecuencia cardiaca en reposo podria ser una herramienta util para valorar la respuesta del organismo y maximizar el rendimiento deportivo. EnglishThis review examines the main applications and limitations of heart rate monitors in sports. The key issues, that researchers and trainers should consider, have been exposed in order to optimize their use in daily training control through monitoring the heart rate variability. These concern the reliability and validity; and methodological considerations for registration and data statistical interpretation. Given its limitations, this work shows the usefulness of the main indicators of parasympathetic activity (i.e. rMSSD) which monitored at rest for sort periods, 3-4 times week, could improve control processes adaptation to training, both physiological and psychological, in individual and team sports. Overall, the analysis shows that resting heart could be a useful to assess the adaptive response and performance in this context. portuguesEsta revisao examina as principais aplicacoes e limitacoes de monitores de frequencia cardiaca no esporte. Questoes-chave que ambos os pesquisadores e formadores deve considerar, foram expostos a fim de optimizar a sua utilizacao no controle treinamento diario atraves de monitoramento da variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca. Estas dizem respeito a confiabilidade ea validade; e consideracoes metodologicas fundamentais para o registro e interpretacao estatistica dos dados. Dadas as suas limitacoes, este estudo mostra a utilidade dos principais indicadores da actividade parassimpatico (i.e. rMSSD), que monitorado por periodos curtos, 3-4 vezes por semana, poderia melhorar a adaptacao de processos de controlo ao treinamento, tanto fisiologicos e psicologicos, em esportes individuais e coletivos. Da mesma forma, a analise da frequencia cardiaca em repouso poderia ser uma ferramenta util para avaliar a resposta do organismo e reforcar o desempenho no contexto esportivo.
A Variational Measurement Update for Extended Target Tracking With Random Matrices

This correspondence proposes a new measurement update for extended target tracking under measurement noise when the target extent is modeled by random matrices. Compared to the previous measurement update developed by Feldmann , this work follows a more rigorous path to derive an approximate measurement update using the analytical techniques of variational Bayesian inference. The resulting measurement update, though computationally more expensive, is shown via simulations to be better than the earlier method in terms of both the state estimates and the predictive likelihood for moderate amounts of prediction errors.
LTE Performance and Analysis using Atoll Simulation

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the last step to reach the complete the 4 th generation of cellular networks. LTE intends to create a new technology for radio-access which will provide really high data rates, a low delay and a greater spectral efficiency. This paper represents some of the LTE parameters, including downlink average throughput and uplink average throughput, data rate, bandwidth, coverage, LTE operates in both paired and unpaired spectrum by supporting both Frequency-Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD). (1) In this paper there will be a simulation of LTE planning, this simulation will include coverage by signal, overlapping zone, coverage by throughput in uplink and downlink and coverage by noise interference ratio in uplink and downlink. Keywords: LTE, evolved packet core (EPC), evolved-NodBs (eNBs)
Losses disguised as wins in multiline slots: using an educational animation to reduce erroneous win overestimates

Abstract Slot machines are available in several countries, with multiline games growing in popularity. Interestingly, many audiovisually reinforced small ‘wins’ in multiline games are in fact monetary losses – outcomes referred to as losses disguised as wins (LDWs). Research suggests that LDWs cause players to overestimate how many times they remember actually winning during a playing session. The study sought to replicate this finding and see if a short educational animation about LDWs could significantly reduce this LDW-triggered win overestimation effect. It employed a mixed design, with animation viewed (LDW, control) as the between-subjects factor, and game played (200 spins on a few LDW or many LDW game; game order counterbalanced) as the within-subjects factor. Fifty-four novice participants estimated how many times they won more than they wagered in each game. In the control animation group, the study replicated the LDW-triggered win overestimation effect for participants playing the many LDW game. Crucially, win overestimates were significantly reduced in this many LDW game for players exposed to the LDW animation. The study concludes that LDWs can lead novice gamblers to remember winning more often than they actually do during a playing session, but educating participants about LDWs can reduce these erroneous win overestimates.
Three Forms of Political Ecology

Political ecology is an epistemologically plural field of social scientific research. This article seeks to contribute to mapping out the terrain, with emphasis on contributions from Latin America. This is done by sketching out two prototypical forms of political ecology: materialist and poststructuralist, and by exploring the degree to which they can be reconciled in a third form which seeks to avoid the extremes of structural determinism and absolute relativism, by taking recourse to either eclecticism or dialectics. The underlying argument is that, on the basis of ontological materialism and dialectical reasoning, a third form of political ecology can provide the epistemological foundation for illuminating research on why social environmental movements and conflicts emerge at certain historical conjunctures and in specific geographical and cultural contexts, and of how resistance movements against dispossession and the destruction of natural resources are organized and sustained.
A trait‐based framework for stream algal communities

Abstract The use of trait‐based approaches to detect effects of land use and climate change on terrestrial plant and aquatic phytoplankton communities is increasing, but such a framework is still needed for benthic stream algae. Here we present a conceptual framework of morphological, physiological, behavioural and life‐history traits relating to resource acquisition and resistance to disturbance. We tested this approach by assessing the relationships between multiple anthropogenic stressors and algal traits at 43 stream sites. Our “natural experiment” was conducted along gradients of agricultural land‐use intensity (0–95% of the catchment in high‐producing pasture) and hydrological alteration (0–92% streamflow reduction resulting from water abstraction for irrigation) as well as related physicochemical variables (total nitrogen concentration and deposited fine sediment). Strategic choice of study sites meant that agricultural intensity and hydrological alteration were uncorrelated. We studied the relationships of seven traits (with 23 trait categories) to our environmental predictor variables using general linear models and an information‐theoretic model‐selection approach. Life form, nitrogen fixation and spore formation were key traits that showed the strongest relationships with environmental stressors. Overall, FI (farming intensity) exerted stronger effects on algal communities than hydrological alteration. The large‐bodied, non‐attached, filamentous algae that dominated under high farming intensities have limited dispersal abilities but may cope with unfavourable conditions through the formation of spores. Antagonistic interactions between FI and flow reduction were observed for some trait variables, whereas no interactions occurred for nitrogen concentration and fine sediment. Our conceptual framework was well supported by tests of ten specific hypotheses predicting effects of resource supply and disturbance on algal traits. Our study also shows that investigating a fairly comprehensive set of traits can help shed light on the drivers of algal community composition in situations where multiple stressors are operating. Further, to understand non‐linear and non‐additive effects of such drivers, communities need to be studied along multiple gradients of natural variation or anthropogenic stressors.
Coupling reduction of closely packed antennas by stringing EBG structure

A stringing Electromagnetic ban-gap (S-EBG) structure is proposed in this paper for coupling reduction of microstrip antenna array. The The S-EBG is constructed by interlinking three mushroom-type EBG in a line with a strip. While in the antenna element assembling direction, it is only one period and maintains a compact array. The structure is easy fabrication, assembling and no etching in the ground plane. A reference microstrip antenna array (RMAA), one conventional mushroom-type (CMT-EBG) element loaded microstrip antenna array (O-CMT-EBG-LMAA), and three CMT-EBG elements loaded microstrip antenna array (T-CMT-EBG-LMAA) were also studied. Research found over 20 dB coupling reduction is achieved by the S-EBG. Thus, the proposed S-EBG is good candidate for array coupling reduction.
Close reading strategies applied by English Language Learners when reading challenging content area texts

v List of Figures . viii List of Tables . ix Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Purpose Statement . 2 Statement of Research Problem and Question . 7 Story of the Question . 7 Organization of the Paper . 9 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 10 Factors Contributing to Language Proficiency . 11 Instructing ELLs in Reading . 13 Background Knowledge and Student Talk . 14 Vocabulary . 16 Text-Based Questioning.19 Metacognitive Awareness . 21 Conclusion . 21 Chapter 3: Context of the Study.23 District and Community . 23 School . 24 Classroom . 25 Teacher Researcher and Students . 27
Analytical Solutions for Laminar Fully-Developed Flow in Microchannels With Non-Circular Cross-Section

Analytical solutions are presented for laminar fully-developed flow in micro/minichannels of hyperelliptical and regular polygonal cross-sections. The considered geometries cover a wide range of common simply connected shapes including circle, ellipse, rectangle, rhomboid, star-shape, equilateral triangle, square, pentagon, and hexagon. Therefore, the present approach can be considered as a general solution. Predicted results for the velocity distribution and pressure drop are successfully compared with existing analytical solutions and experimental data collected from various sources for a variety of geometries, including: polygonal, rectangular, circular, elliptical, and rhombic cross-sections.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Parser Adaptation to the Biomedical Domain without Re-Training

We present a distributional approach to the problem of inducing parameters for unseen words in probabilistic parsers. Our KNN-based algorithm uses distributional similarity over an unlabelled corpus to match unseen words to the most similar seen words, and can induce parameters for those unseen words without retraining the parser. We apply this to domain adaptation for three different parsers that employ fine-grained syntactic categories, which allows us to focus on modifying the lexicon, while leaving the structure of the parser itself intact. We demonstrate uplifts for dependency recovery of 2%-6% on novel vocabulary in biomedical text.
Working Community-Related Interaction Factors Building Occupational Well-Being--Learning Based Intervention in Finnish and Estonian Schools (2010-2013).

This article examines whether a three-year learning-based work community intervention resulted in changes in working community-related interaction factors and occupational well-being among Finnish and Estonian school staff. It reports the types of changes in working community-related interaction factors and their associations to the subjective occupational well-being and general occupational well-being of the working community. The initial quantitative survey data were collected in Finland (n = 486) and Estonia (n = 1330) in 2010 using the “Well-being at your work index questionnaire. ” The same measurement tool was used in 2013 to collect final survey data from school staff members in Finland (n = 545) and Estonia (n = 974). The data were analyzed statistically with percent, mean, SD, Mann-Whitney test, sum variables, one-way analysis of variance and Spearman’s correlation. Changes were detected in factors related to working community interaction; in particular, statistically significant changes in work management and time use were detected in Finnish schools. Working atmosphere and appreciation of others’ work, cooperation and information, and work management and time use were associated to both the subjective occupational well-being and general occupational well-being of the working community. Schools should plan and implement development activities to promote the subjective occupational well-being and general working community occupational well-being. Development work should focus on working community-related interaction, such as trust between workers. Principals should draw particular attention to principal–subordinate relationships and to providing information about changes.
Reversible JPEG Data Hiding Based on EMD

As the rapid growth of smart phone technology, people have a lot of digital image information such as digital photos or videos. Both data hiding and data compression are very important technologies in image processing field. On the overview, it seems that there is no relationship between data hiding and data compression because data hiding mechanisms focus on information security and data compression mechanisms emphasize the compression ratio. However, the more secret data is embedded, the more capacity the stego image increases. Actually, they are closely related. Until now, there are many literatures to discuss the secret data how to be embedded into the media image and keeps the original capacity as soon as possible. In this paper, a reversible data hiding scheme based on EMD data hiding and JPEG (Joint Picture Experts Group) compression technology will be proposed. According to experimental results, the authors can prove that our proposed scheme maintains high embedding capacity, security and good compression ratio.
Near-infrared photometry and radio continuum study of the massive star-forming regions IRAS 21413+5442 and IRAS 21407+5441

IRAS 21413+5442 and IRAS 21407+5441 are two massive star-forming regions of high luminosity, likely associated with each other. Near-infrared (NIR) photometry on these two IRAS sources was performed at United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) using the UFTI under excellent seeing conditions yielding an angular resolution of ∼0.5 arcsec. Our results reveal details of stellar content to a completeness limit (90 per cent) at J = 18.5, H = 18.0 and K = 17.5 mag in the two regions. In IRAS 21413+5442, we identify a late O-type star, having large H - K colour, to be near the centre of the CO jets observed by earlier authors. The UKIRT images reveal in IRAS 21407+5441, a faint but clear compact H ΙΙ region around a central high- and intermediate-mass star cluster. We have detected a number of sources with large H - K colour which are not detected in J band. We also present the GMRT radio continuum map at 1.28 GHz covering the entire region surrounding the two star-forming clouds. The radio continuum fluxes are used to estimate the properties of H ΙΙ regions which seem to support our NIR photometric results. Based on our radio continuum map and the archival Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) 8.2-μm image, we show that the two IRAS sources likely belong to the same parent molecular cloud and conjecture that a high-mass star of large IR colours, present in between the two sources, might have triggered star formation in this region. However, one cannot rule out the alternative possibility that Star A could be a nearby foreground star.
Does participation in a population-based dietary intervention scheme have a lasting impact on fruit intake in young children?

BACKGROUND The National Schools Fruit Scheme (NSFS) is intended to improve fruit intake in young children by providing free daily fruit at school. METHODS We used a parentally completed questionnaire for three consecutive years to study fruit intake in young children before, during and after participation in the NSFS compared with a control region. RESULTS In 2003, 2004 and 2005, a total of 224, 220 and 179 schools, respectively, were studied with responses from 5,606, 5,111 and 3,382 children for each survey. Between 2003 and 2004, individual fruit consumption in the intervention region increased by more (from a median of 7.5 to 14.0 pieces/week) than in the control region (from a median of 9.2-11.0 pieces/week), resulting in a difference (P < 0.001) between the two regions in 2004. However, after ceasing to be eligible for the NSFS, fruit intake in children in the intervention region fell to a median of 12 pieces per week, lower than that in the control region (median value of 14 pieces per week, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS School-based fruit distribution schemes providing free fruit at school appear to be an effective means of increasing dietary fruit intake in young children, including those who live in relatively socio-economically deprived areas. However, this approach does not influence fruit intake after the provision of free fruit ends, so schemes may need to be sustained to provide the maximum benefit to young children.
Effect of pre-emptive ketamine on sensory changes and postoperative pain after thoracotomy: comparison of epidural and intramuscular routes.

BACKGROUND In this study we have evaluated the efficacy of ketamine via i.m. and epidural routes for the control of post-thoracotomy pain. METHODS The study was randomized, double blinded and placebo controlled. With the approval of the Faculty Ethics Committee, 60 patients undergoing elective thoracotomy were randomized into three equal groups. Group IM had i.m. ketamine 1 mg kg(-1) in 2 ml plus epidural normal saline; Group EPI had epidural ketamine 1 mg kg(-1) in 10 ml plus i.m. normal saline; Group C had epidural normal saline 10 ml plus i.m. normal saline 10 ml. Anaesthesia was standardized. Postoperative analgesia was maintained with epidural patient-controlled analgesia using bupivacaine and morphine. Visual analogue scale values and analgesic consumption were evaluated at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24 and 48 h after surgery. The areas of allodynia, pin-prick hyperalgesia and pressure hyperalgesia were measured at 48 h, and days 15 and 30 in all groups. RESULTS Intraoperative fentanyl requirement was significantly lower in Group EPI than Group C. The morphine and bupivacaine requirements were significantly lower in Group EPI than the other two groups in the postoperative period. There was reduced pin-prick hyperalgesia and touch allodynia in the EPI group. There were no side-effects attributable to ketamine. CONCLUSION The results of the present study demonstrate that pre-emptive epidural ketamine is effective in reducing intra- and postoperative analgesic requirements, hyperalgesia and touch allodynia.
Perception-aware Path Planning

In this paper, we give a double twist to the problem of planning under uncertainty. State-of-the-art planners seek to minimize the localization uncertainty by only considering the geometric structure of the scene. In this paper, we argue that motion planning for vision-controlled robots should be perception aware in that the robot should also favor texture-rich areas to minimize the localization uncertainty during a goal-reaching task. Thus, we describe how to optimally incorporate the photometric information (i.e., texture) of the scene, in addition to the the geometric one, to compute the uncertainty of vision-based localization during path planning. To avoid the caveats of feature-based localization systems (i.e., dependence on feature type and user-defined thresholds), we use dense, direct methods. This allows us to compute the localization uncertainty directly from the intensity values of every pixel in the image. We also describe how to compute trajectories online, considering also scenarios with no prior knowledge about the map. The proposed framework is general and can easily be adapted to different robotic platforms and scenarios. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated with extensive experiments in both simulated and real-world environments using a vision-controlled micro aerial vehicle.
An iterative speech encryption scheme based on subspace technique

Among the cryptographic approaches, signal processing techniques has become recently an interesting one. Blind source separation (BSS)-based encryption schemes have been built up using the intractability of the under determined BSS problem. In this paper, we propose a new encryption method. The proposed approach is iterative and based on the subspace concept together with the use of nonlinear functions and key signals. The proposed technique presents an interesting feature: only a part of the secret key parameters used during encryption is necessary for decryption. Furthermore, the iterative encryption algorithm will provide no contents if no plain-text is fed in the input.
Reversed-Mel cepstrum based audio steganalysis

Some of the previous audio steganalysis systems have suggested features based on human auditory system models. In contrast, this paper exploits the idea of maximum deviation from human auditory system to suggest an efficient audio steganalysis scheme. Based on this idea, an artificial ear is considered that has high resolution in high frequency region and low resolution where the frequency is low. Simulation results show that this artificial ear can virtually hear effect of steganography and distinguish between stego and clean audio signals. Proposed method achieves accuracy of 93% (StegHide@1.563% BPB) and 97% (Hide4Pgp@6.25% BPB) which are 16% and 12% higher than previous MFCC based methods.
Reprints Available Directly from the Publisher Photocopying Permitted by License Only on the Minimum Density Interconnection Tree Problem*

We discuss a new minimum density objective for spanning and Steiner tree constructions. This formulation is motivated by the minimum-area layout objective, which is best achieved through balancing the usage of horizontal and vertical routing resources. We present two efficient heuristics for constructing low-density spanning trees and prove that their outputs are on average within small constants of optimal with respect to both tree cost and density. Our proof techniques suggest a non-uniform lower bound schema which can afford tighter estimates of solution quality for a given problem instance. Furthermore, the minimum density objective can be transparently combined with a number of previous interconnection objectives (e.g., minimizing tree radius or skew) without affecting solution quality with respect to these previous metrics. Extensive simulation results suggest that applications to VLSI global routing are promising.