Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in expression of mRNAs in the gerbil hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia

Abstract The phenomenon of delayed neuronal death in CA 1 neurons following brief duration of global ischemia has eluded definitive explanation. Using a differential display technique, we examined changes in expression ofmRNAs in the hippocampus following 5-min cerebral ischemia in Mongolian gerbils. Under pentobarbital anesthesia, gerbils were sacrificed by decapitation at 6 h (n = 20) and 2 days (n = 20) after ischemia, and sham-operated gerbils (n = 20) were sacrificed at 6 h after surgery. Total RNA was isolated from the hippocampal samples in each group for the differential display analysis. The mRNAs were classified into three patterns; gradual disappearance, decrease and recovery, and new appearance. Representative mRNAs in three patterns were subcloned and sequenced partly. An mRNA in the gradual disappearance pattern showed homologous with neuronal pentraxin. In situ hybridization and Northern blot analyses of neuronal pentraxin revealed the gradual disappearance pattern. An mRNA in the decrease and recovery pattern showed homologous with 14-3-3 protein y-subtype, and an mRNA in the new e appearance pattern showed no homology in the data base. The differential display analysis is a useful technique with which to investigate changes in expression ofmRNAs following transient cerebral ischemia. The novel mRNA may be involved in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Further studies are necessary for this point. [Neural Res 2000; 22: 825-831]
Automatic configuration of state-of-the-art multi-objective optimizers using the TP+PLS framework

The automatic configuration of algorithms is a dynamic field of research. Its potential for producing highly performing algorithms may change the way we design algorithms. So far, automatic algorithm configuration tools have almost exclusively been applied to configure single-objective algorithms. In this paper, we investigate the usage of automatic algorithm configuration tools to improve multi-objective algorithms. In fact, this is the first article we are aware of where state-of-the-art multi-objective optimizers are configured in an automatic way. This automatic configuration is done for five variants of multi-objective flow-shop problems. Our experimental results show that we can reach at least the same and often a better final quality than a recently proposed state-of-the-art algorithm for these problems.
Exploiting unified modelling language (UML) as a preliminary design tool for Common Logic-based ontologies in manufacturing

This paper proposes a particular method which utilises the unified modelling language (UML) as a design visualisation tool for modelling ontologies based on the Common Logic knowledge representation language. The use of this method will enable Common Logic ontological concepts to be more readily accessible to general engineers and provide a valuable ontology design aid. The method proposed is explored using the knowledge frame language (KFL) which provides constructs to facilitate ontology building and is built on Common Logic. The major constructs of KFL are briefly defined and a description of how each construct may be represented in UML is given. Examples are presented showing how the constructs may be modelled in UML and a Common Logic-based implementation founded on a UML design is illustrated and discussed. The manufacturing domain is utilised as an experimental basis for demonstrating the proposed method.
Molecular genetic tools shape a roadmap towards a more accurate prognostic prediction and personalized management of cancer

The continuous flow of molecular genetic information has cautiously started integrating into clinical practice changing the future landscape of the clinical management of cancer. Germline mutation analysis for individuals at familial risk and testing result-based surgical or non-surgical preventive intervention can protect from hereditary breast-ovarian, colorectal and stomach cancer and reduce mortality. Research is focusing now on the development of effective chemoprevention to replace prophylactic surgery for improving quality of life and to provide novel targeted therapies for hereditary cancer patients. The TNM staging system and conventional clinicopathologic factors have led clinical decisions on adjuvant therapy for decades improving survival in patients with early-stage tumors. However, current staging methods and therapeutic decisions remain suboptimal. Patients with early-stage cancer who are at low risk of recurrence could be spared the toxicity of systemic treatment if clearly distinguished, while others at high risk of distant recurrence could get maximal benefit if therapy matched the molecular genetic profile of either the host or the tumor. With the establishment of validated molecular analysis techniques it is believed that clinical biomarkers will gradually overtake TNM by their capacity to form more accurate prognostic systems and delineate better predictors of response to specific therapies. Areas of cancer research such as germ-cell mutation analysis, tumor gene-signature identification, gene expression profile linked targeted therapy, cancer stem cells, circulating cancer cells and single-nucleotide polymorphism keep on producing promising data which is believed to refine future preventive and early intervention strategies on an individual basis. Today these gene-based strategies are in a transition phase prior to full implementation into clinical practice. At present they wait for the results of large-scale prospective validation studies which compare molecular against “classic” markers. It is anticipated that molecular genetic biomarkers when implemented in clinical practice will considerably improve both biologically guided therapeutic decisions and clinical outcomes.
Accommodating Emotionally HIV/AIDS Children in the Classroom

HIV/AIDS arrived on the world scene without warning. A few decades ago it was unknown lurking somewhere, waiting for the right moment to ambush the human race. Today HIV/AIDS covers Africa in dark clouds of fear, uncertainty and suffering. The virus has destroyed innocent hopes, desires and plans of countless numbers of people whose lives have been cut short by an unseen enemy. For those of us who live in Africa, it is a human catastrophe from which no single one of us in the region will be exempt, because HIV/AIDS affects us all. Using the qualitative approach, the study will recommend on how teachers can support the emotionally HIV/AIDS children in the classroom. This truism about the HIV/AIDS pandemic will become ever more evident and obvious as each month and year passes. The South African Gazette quotes alarming statistics proving that this pandemic in South Africa is among the most severe in the world and it continues to increase at an estimated rate of 33.8%. It is further estimated that almost 25% of the general population will be HIV positive by the year 2010. The outcome of the research will ensure that teachers and all the support structures contribute to ensure that infected and affected children in schools are cared for and supported according to their specific needs.
Beyond Interventions: Caloric Restriction as a Scientific Model

Caloric restriction is a major component of most life-style interventions. Beyond its use as an intervention tool, caloric restriction can also serve as a scientific model to study important research questions. Caloric restriction in nonhuman animals can dramatically extend the life span, and this can also be tested in humans. In addition to conducting randomized controlled trials of caloric restriction, there is much knowledge to be gained by studying already existing conditions of very long-term caloric restriction. The Cronies, members from the Calorie Restriction Society, are one such model. In addition to studying biological markers relevant to aging in the Cronies, we can also study them to understand what makes them so successful at long-term eating behavior change. This information is invaluable given the difficulties people from the general population face in adhering to calorie reduction interventions.
Improving Safety for Driverless City Vehicles: Real-Time Communication and Decision Making

This paper elaborates on the Cybercars-2 Wireless Communication Framework for driverless city vehicles, which is used for Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communication. The developed framework improves the safety and efficiency of driverless city vehicles. Furthermore, this paper also elaborates on the vehicle control software architecture. On-road tests of both the communication framework and its application for real-time decision making show that the communication framework is reliable and useful for improving the safe operation of driverless city vehicles.
Ridaforolimus (AP23573; MK-8669), a Potent mTOR Inhibitor, Has Broad Antitumor Activity and Can Be Optimally Administered Using Intermittent Dosing Regimens

The mTOR pathway is hyperactivated through oncogenic transformation in many human malignancies. Ridaforolimus (AP23573; MK-8669) is a novel rapamycin analogue that selectively targets mTOR and is currently under clinical evaluation. In this study, we investigated the mechanistic basis for the antitumor activity of ridaforolimus in a range of human tumor types, exploring potential markers of response, and determining optimal dosing regimens to guide clinical studies. Administration of ridaforolimus to tumor cells in vitro elicited dose-dependent inhibition of mTOR activity with concomitant effects on cell growth and division. We showed that ridaforolimus exhibits a predominantly cytostatic mode of action, consistent with the findings for other mTOR inhibitors. Potent inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor secretion, endothelial cell growth, and glucose metabolism were also observed. Although PTEN and/or phosphorylated AKT status have been proposed as potential mTOR pathway biomarkers, neither was predictive for ridaforolimus responsiveness in the heterogeneous panel of cancer cell lines examined. In mouse models, robust antitumor activity was observed in human tumor xenografts using a series of intermittent dosing schedules, consistent with pharmacodynamic observations of mTOR pathway inhibition for at least 72 hours following dosing. Parallel skin-graft rejection studies established that intermittent dosing schedules lack the immunosuppressive effects seen with daily dosing. Overall these findings show the broad inhibitory effects of ridaforolimus on cell growth, division, metabolism, and angiogenesis, and support the use of intermittent dosing as a means to optimize antitumor activity while minimizing systemic effects. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(6); 1059–71. ©2011 AACR.
How tree species fill geographic and ecological space in eastern North America.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Ecologists broadly accept that the number of species present within a region balances regional processes of immigration and speciation against competitive and other interactions between populations that limit distribution and constrain diversity. Although ecological theory has, for a long time, addressed the premise that ecological space can be filled to 'capacity' with species, only with the availability of time-calibrated phylogenies has it been possible to test the hypothesis that diversification slows as the number of species in a region increases. Focusing on the deciduous trees of eastern North America, this study tested predictions from competition theory concerning the distribution and abundance of species. METHODS Local assemblages of trees tabulated in a previous study published in 1950 were analysed. Assemblages were ordinated with respect to species composition by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS). Distributions of trees were analysed by taxonomically nested analysis of variance, discriminant analysis based on NMS scores, and canonical correlation analysis of NMS scores and Bioclim climate variables. KEY RESULTS Most of the variance in species abundance and distribution was concentrated among closely related (i.e. congeneric) species, indicating evolutionary lability. Species distribution and abundance were unrelated to the number of close relatives, suggesting that competitive effects are diffuse. Distances between pairs of congeneric species in NMS space did not differ significantly from distances between more distantly related species, in contrast to the predictions of both competitive habitat partitioning and ecological sorting of species. CONCLUSIONS Eastern deciduous forests of North America do not appear to be saturated with species. The distributions and abundances of individual species provide little evidence of being shaped by competition from related (i.e. ecologically similar) species and, by inference, that diversification is constrained by interspecific competition.
Clinical significance of in vitro donor‐specific hyporesponsiveness in renal allograft recipients as demonstrated by the MLR

Abstract A longitudinal study was carried out on 19 recipients of cadaveric renal allografts, monitoring their anti‐donor and anti‐third party responses in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) at the time of transplantation and at 3,6, and 12 months post‐transplant. Two patterns of responses were identified: in the first (n= 11), patients showed, or later developed, donor‐specific hypo‐responsiveness, and in the second (n= S), patients had persistent anti‐donor and anti‐third party responses. After 1 year, the serum creatinine, number of episodes of acute rejection and biopsy findings were compared in both groups. In the first group, the mean serum creatinine was 136.4 mmol/l, the total number of acute rejection episodes was three and in nine of the ten available biopsies, there were minimal cellular infiltrates and normal appearance of the glomeruli, tubules and blood vessels. In the second group, the mean serum creatinine was 163 mmol/l, the total number of acute rejection episodes was 12 and in five of the seven biopsies available, evidence of ongoing rejection was obtained. The difference in mean serum creatinine was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), but the difference in the numbers of acute rejection episodes was (P < 0.05). It is concluded that in some renal allograft recipients, a state of donor‐specific hyporesponsiveness develops, and this state may be associated with better graft outcome at 1 year. These data may be useful in selecting patients for reduced immunosuppressive therapy.
A virtualisation simulation environment for data centre

In view of resource efficiency, virtualisation is a critical unit to construct a virtualisation data centre (VDC). The unpredictable and complexity of virtualisation are needed to be solved. Generally, using a profiling tool to analyse a layered VDC application remains difficult and error prone. A possible solution, VDC simulation techniques (VST), has been proposed for early validation and evaluation. Although many performance pathologies have been indicated, the VST remains elusive. To address these pathologies, we aim at addressing a missing potential by simulating system from unit simulation to native system implantation. Our proposed simulator is called data centre simulator (DCSim). Compared with previous research, ours has the following advantages. First, it proposes a newly adaptive approach for simulating VDC. Second, it simulates layered influence. Finally, DCSim provides a simple programming model. The results show that ours is more efficient and the analysed results are similar with general VDC.
Effect of Nitric Acid Concentrations on Synthesis and Stability of Maghemite Nanoparticles Suspension

Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles have been synthesized using a chemical coprecipitation method at different nitric acid concentrations as an oxidizing agent. Characterization of all samples performed by several techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), alternating gradient magnetometry (AGM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential. The XRD patterns confirmed that the particles were maghemite. The crystallite size of all samples decreases with the increasing concentration of nitric acid. TEM observation showed that the particles have spherical morphology with narrow particle size distribution. The particles showed superparamagnetic behavior with decreased magnetization values at the increasing concentration of nitric acid. TGA measurement showed that the stability temperature decreases with the increasing concentration of nitric acid. DLS measurement showed that the hydrodynamic particle sizes decrease with the increasing concentration of nitric acid. Zeta potential values show a decrease with the increasing concentration of nitric acid. The increasing concentration of nitric acid in synthesis of maghemite nanoparticles produced smaller size particles, lower magnetization, better thermal stability, and more stable maghemite nanoparticles suspension.
An 18.7-Gb/s 60-GHz OOK Demodulator in 65-nm CMOS for Wireless Network-on-Chip

This paper presents a high-efficiency 60-GHz on-off keying (OOK) demodulator for high-speed short-range wireless communications such as wireless network-on-chip (WiNoC) applications. Targeting at data rates of beyond 16 Gb/s, the OOK demodulator consists of a wideband envelope detector (ED) and a single-stage baseband (BB) peaking amplifier. Novel dual gain-boosting techniques improve the gain, bandwidth, and out-of-band rejection of the ED. In addition, an actively-enhanced tunable inductor (AETI) load in the BB amplifier not only significantly reduces its area overhead, but also provides a tunable peaking level. Fabricated in a 65-nm bulk CMOS process, the OOK demodulator consumes only 4.6 mW from a 1-V supply, and occupies an active area of 0.043 mm2. A maximum data rate of 18.7 Gb/s with a bit-error rate less than 10-12 is demonstrated through measurements, which translates to a bit-energy efficiency of 0.25 pJ/bit.
Chercher la solution au coeur du problème : faire face à l’intentionnalité des personnes souffrant d’un trouble de personnalité limite (TPL)

Cet essai s’appuie sur l’etude des concepts d’intentionnalite et de projet de vie et leur utilisation dans la readaptation des personnes souffrant d’un trouble de personnalite limite (TPL). Il part du fait que ces personnes sont deroutees et deroutantes et de la pertinence d’envisager de nouvelles manieres de les aider a reconstruire un sens a leur existence. Inspiree des approches constructivistes qui reconnaissent l’interaction constante du sujet avec son environnement et la dualite des choses, cette reflexion mene a la necessite d’explorer l’intentionnalite de la personne ayant un TPL et de developper sa capacite reflexive afin de permettre l’emergence progressive d’un projet de vie. Ce processus de retablissement s’inscrit dans une demarche ou l’espoir et la mobilisation des forces de la personne tiennent une grande place.
Résumé En Français

In the so-called sparse regime where the numbers of edges and vertices tend to infinity in a comparable way, the asymptotic behavior of many graph invariants is expected to depend only upon local statistics. This heuristic originates from the thermodynamic study of certain disordered systems in statistical physics, where the microscopic contribution of each particle is insensitive to remote perturbations of the system. Mathematically, such a lack of long-range interactions can be formalized into a continuity statement with respect to the topology of local weak convergence of graphs. Among other consequences, continuous invariants are guaranteed to admit a deterministic limit along most of the classical sequences of sparse random graphs, and to be efficiently approximable via local distributed algorithms, regardless of the size of the global structure. In this thesis, we focus on four graph invariants that play an important role in theory and applications : the empirical spectral distribution, the kernel dimension of the adjacency matrix, the matching number, and the generating polynomial of certain classes of spanning subgraphs. Each of these notions is shown to admit a unique locally self-consistent extension to local weak limits of finite graphs, and this extension is proven to be continuous. When specialized to the classical models of sparse random graphs, the limiting system of local self-consistency equations simplifies into a single distributional equation, which we solve explicitly. This leads to new asymptotic formulae and to the simplification, unification and generalization of various results that were previously relying on model-specific arguments. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 05C80, 05C30, 60K35. Secondary 60B20, 82B23, 82B44.
Comparative assessment of three in vitro exposure methods for combustion toxicity

A comparative assessment of three approaches for the use of human cells in vitro to investigate combustion toxicity was conducted. These included one indirect and two direct (passive and dynamic) exposure methods. The indirect method used an impinger system in which culture medium was used to trap the toxicants, whilst the direct exposure involved the use of a Horizontal Harvard Navicyte Chamber at the air/liquid interface. The cytotoxic effects of thermal decomposition products were assessed using the MTS (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐5‐(3‐carboxymethoxyphenyl)‐2‐(4‐sulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium) assay (Promega) on a selection of human cells including: HepG2, A549 and skin fibroblasts. A small scale laboratory fire test using a vertical tube furnace was designed for the generation of combustion products. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was selected as a model polymer to study the cytotoxic effects of combustion products. NOAEC (no observable adverse effect concentration), IC10 (10% inhibitory concentration), IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) and TLC (total lethal concentration) values were determined from dose response curves. Assessment using the NRU (neutral red uptake) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) assays on human lung derived cells (A549) was also undertaken. Comparison between in vitro cytotoxicity results against published toxicity data for PMMA combustion and predicted LC50 (50% lethal concentration) values calculated from identified compounds using GCMS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) was determined. The results suggested that the indirect exposure method did not appear to simulate closely exposure via inhalation, whilst exposure at the air/liquid interface by using the dynamic method proved to be a more representative method of human inhalation. This exposure method may be a potential system for in vitro cytotoxicity testing in combustion toxicity. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A New Advanced Genetic Algorithm for Optimal Unit Commitment of Power System

Genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to the calculation of optimal unit commitment (UC) in this paper. Based on the theory of GA and the characteristics of UC in power system, a new advanced genetic operation is developed. The test results demonstrate that not only does the advanced GA consider the constraints very well, but also has some advantages, such as good convergence, fast calculating speed and high precision. The results also prove the efficacy and correctness of the method.