Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Substantial Differences between Organ and Muscle Specific Tracer Incorporation Rates in a Lactating Dairy Cow

We aimed to produce intrinsically L-[1-13C]phenylalanine labeled milk and beef for subsequent use in human nutrition research. The collection of the various organ tissues after slaughter allowed for us to gain insight into the dynamics of tissue protein turnover in vivo in a lactating dairy cow. One lactating dairy cow received a constant infusion of L-[1-13C]phenylalanine (450 µmol/min) for 96 h. Plasma and milk were collected prior to, during, and after the stable isotope infusion. Twenty-four hours after cessation of the infusion the cow was slaughtered. The meat and samples of the various organ tissues (liver, heart, lung, udder, kidney, rumen, small intestine, and colon) were collected and stored. Approximately 210 kg of intrinsically labeled beef (bone and fat free) with an average L-[1-13C]phenylalanine enrichment of 1.8±0.1 mole percent excess (MPE) was obtained. The various organ tissues differed substantially in L-[1-13C]phenylalanine enrichments in the tissue protein bound pool, the highest enrichment levels were achieved in the kidney (11.7 MPE) and the lowest enrichment levels in the skeletal muscle tissue protein of the cow (between 1.5–2.4 MPE). The estimated protein synthesis rates of the various organ tissues should be regarded as underestimates, particularly for the organs with the higher turnover rates and high secretory activity, due to the lengthened (96 h) measurement period necessary for the production of the intrinsically labeled beef. Our data demonstrates that there are relatively small differences in L-[1-13C]phenylalanine enrichments between the various meat cuts, but substantial higher enrichment values are observed in the various organ tissues. We conclude that protein turnover rates of various organs are much higher when compared to skeletal muscle protein turnover rates in large lactating ruminants.
PSMA-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with 177Lu-Labeled PSMA-617

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an excellent target for radionuclide therapy of metastasized castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Besides high affinity and long tumor retention, the DOTA-conjugated ligand PSMA-617 has low kidney uptake, making it an excellent choice for therapeutic application. We retrospectively report our experience with 177Lu-PSMA-617–targeted radionuclide therapy in a case series of mCRPC patients resistant to other treatments. Methods: Patients with PSMA-positive tumor phenotypes were selected by molecular imaging. Thirty patients received 1–3 cycles of 177Lu-PSMA-617. During therapy, pharmacokinetics and radiation dosimetry were evaluated. Blood cell count was checked every 2 wk after the first and every 4 wk after succeeding cycles. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was determined every 4 wk. Radiologic restaging was performed after 3 cycles. Results: Twenty-one of 30 patients had a PSA response; in 13 of 30 the PSA decreased more than 50%. After 3 cycles, 8 of 11 patients achieved a sustained PSA response (>50%) for over 24 wk, which also correlated with radiologic response (decreased lesion number and size). Normally, acute hematotoxicity was mild. Diffuse bone marrow involvement was a risk factor for higher grade myelosuppression but could be identified by PSMA imaging in advance. Xerostomia, nausea, and fatigue occurred sporadically (<10%). Clearance of non–tumor-bound tracer was predominantly renal and widely completed by 48 h. Safety dosimetry revealed kidney doses of approximately 0.75 Gy/GBq, red marrow doses of 0.03 Gy/GBq, and salivary gland doses of 1.4 Gy/GBq, irrespective of tumor burden and consistent on subsequent cycles. Mean tumor-absorbed dose ranged from 6 to 22 Gy/GBq during cycle 1. Conclusion: 177Lu-PSMA-617 is a promising new option for therapy of mCRPC and deserves more attention in larger prospective trials.
Successful Treatment of Ebola Virus–Infected Cynomolgus Macaques with Monoclonal Antibodies

Macaques survived infection with Ebola virus when treated starting at 24 hours after infection with mix of three neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. A Race Against Time Although rare, Ebola infection figures prominently in the public’s fear of an infectious disease outbreak because of its marked, rapid, and fatal manifestation. This fear is fueled by our complete helplessness when it comes to fighting Ebola—there’s no vaccine, and any treatment options we do have only work if administered within minutes—or at most hours—after infection. Qiu et al. address this impotence head-on by demonstrating that administration of a three-antibody cocktail to macaques within 24 hours of infection yields 100% survival. The authors treated the macaques 24 or 48 hours after Ebola virus challenge with a virus-neutralizing antibody cocktail (ZMab). The three antibodies in the mix each bind to distinct regions of the Ebola envelop glycoprotein (GP) and show efficacy in small-animal models. When the cocktail was given at 24 hours after infection, 100% of the monkeys survived; if the same dose of the cocktail was administered 48 hours after infection, the survival rate was 50%. Surviving macaques developed both Ebola-specific antibodies and T cell responses, which suggests that the passive neutralizing antibody transfer may keep the virus in check long enough for endogenous immunity to take over. Timing, dose, and composition must be optimized before this therapy moves into humans, but the new findings add sand to the hourglass and provide hope for an expanded treatment window for Ebola virus infection. Ebola virus (EBOV) is considered one of the most aggressive infectious agents and is capable of causing death in humans and nonhuman primates (NHPs) within days of exposure. Recent strategies have succeeded in preventing acquisition of infection in NHPs after treatment; however, these strategies are only successful when administered before or minutes after infection. The present work shows that a combination of three neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against the Ebola envelope glycoprotein (GP) resulted in complete survival (four of four cynomolgus macaques) with no apparent side effects when three doses were administered 3 days apart beginning at 24 hours after a lethal challenge with EBOV. The same treatment initiated 48 hours after lethal challenge with EBOV resulted in two of four cynomolgus macaques fully recovering. The survivors demonstrated an EBOV-GP–specific humoral and cell-mediated immune response. These data highlight the important role of antibodies to control EBOV replication in vivo, and support the use of mAbs against a severe filovirus infection.
Using Testimonio to Bring Children's Worlds Into a Standardized Teaching Context: An Example of Culturally Relevant Teaching in Early Childhood Education

Since its birth in the 1960s in Latin America, testimonio has emerged as a genre of literature that gives a “voice to the voiceless” and acts as a medium for marginalized individuals to communicate their experiences. Described as a form of resistance literature, it has been defined as “an authentic narrative, told by a witness who is moved to narrate by the urgency of a situation, such as violence or oppression. ” Although such a seemingly intense approach may feel out of place in an early childhood classroom, this article demonstrates how one teacher successfully employed testimonio as an instructional strategy with her preschoolers. In doing so, she broke away from the constraints imposed by standards-based accountability reforms and created an enriching learning experience with a direct impact on her students' lives.
Design and implementation of a multi-node wifi heart rate variability analysis system

This paper has designed a kind of WIFI multi-node heart rate variability (HRV) analysis system, consisting of several ElectroCardioGram (ECG) acquisition nodes and an analysis platform based on ARM Cortex-A8 processor. The node oversamples ECG signal through a photoelectric ear clip and filters it with FIR window before sending it to the platform with specific format package by WIFI module. The platform extracts ECG signal of each node from the received packages in real time and RR intervals are acquired from ECG signal by differential threshold algorithm so as to calculate time domain parameters. Before performing frequency domain analysis on RR intervals, the baseline wander is removed from RR intervals by db6 wavelet and RR intervals is resampled by cubic spline interpolation. All algorithm for each node can be done in short period by means of multi-thread and NEON technique. The system is promising for multi-node with real-time and stable operation and accurate analysis result, which can be widely used in medical care, the collective movement training and psychological testing.
De-blurring wireless capsule endoscopy images by total variation minimization

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) finds wide applications in diagnosing diseases in human intestine on account of its convenience and non-invasiveness to the patients. Due to complicated environment of the intestine and intrinsic restrictions of the equipment in terms of image acquisition and transmission, however, raw WCE images are often corrupted by noise and degraded by within-channel or cross-channel blurs. In this paper, we present a total variation (TV) minimization framework for deblurring within-channel blurs for color WCE images. Specifically, the monotone fast iterative shrinkage/thresholding technique combined with the fast gradient projection algorithm, proposed recently by Beck and Teboulle, is extended to deal with multichannel images. In addition, the proposed algorithm is enhanced by incorporating a bisection technique to effectively identify a near optimal value for the regularization parameter of the TV-Frobenius objective function. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Micromachined patch antenna array design and optimization by using artificial neural network

: A 60-GHz 2×2 corporate-fed patch antenna array based on surface micromachined micro-coaxial technology is presented in this paper. The low loss micro-coaxial transmission line is designed to compose the feed network. To improve the bandwidth of the antenna element, a micro-coaxial twin-feed structure with two equal-amplitude and in-phase probes is designed to feed the patch. Artificial neural network (ANN) is applied for antenna element optimization. The 2×2 antenna array shows an impedance bandwidth of 6.5GHz from 57.9 to 64.4GHz under the condition of voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) less than 2. The gain of the array is 14.5dBi at 60GHz. The total area of the antenna array is 9.58×8mm².
Use of psychotropic medicines in residential care facilities for older people in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand.

AIM To audit the use of various categories of psychotropic medicines in residential care facilities in Hawke's Bay. METHOD Data on psychotropic medicines use for all residents in participating residential care facilities were extracted from community pharmacy records and analysed. These data were compared to a similar study performed in 1990. RESULTS 54.7% of residents were prescribed one or more psychotropic medicines, a similar proportion to that recorded in 1990. The use of regular benzodiazepines reduced from 29.6% to 12.4% while the use of antidepressant medicines increased from 15.5% to 30.6%. Most residents on antipsychotic medicines are now on 'atypical' agents at relatively low doses, and overall use of antipsychotic medication has not changed significantly. The use of psychotropic medicines in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand does not differ much from other countries where similar audits have been performed. CONCLUSION The increase in use of antidepressants is likely to reflect better diagnosis and management of depression in nursing homes. The use of benzodiazepines and sedative medication is probably still excessive.
Low Dose Prenatal Ethanol Exposure Induces Anxiety-Like Behaviour and Alters Dendritic Morphology in the Basolateral Amygdala of Rat Offspring

Prenatal exposure to high levels of alcohol is strongly associated with poor cognitive outcomes particularly in relation to learning and memory. It is also becoming more evident that anxiety disorders and anxiety-like behaviour can be associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. This study used a rat model to determine if prenatal exposure to a relatively small amount of alcohol would result in anxiety-like behaviour and to determine if this was associated with morphological changes in the basolateral amygdala. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were fed a liquid diet containing either no alcohol (Control) or 6% (vol/vol) ethanol (EtOH) throughout gestation. Male and Female offspring underwent behavioural testing at 8 months (Adult) or 15 months (Aged) of age. Rats were perfusion fixed and brains were collected at the end of behavioural testing for morphological analysis of pyramidal neuron number and dendritic morphology within the basolateral amygdala. EtOH exposed offspring displayed anxiety-like behaviour in the elevated plus maze, holeboard and emergence tests. Although sexually dimorphic behaviour was apparent, sex did not impact anxiety-like behaviour induced by prenatal alcohol exposure. This increase in anxiety – like behaviour could not be attributed to a change in pyramidal cell number within the BLA but rather was associated with an increase in dendritic spines along the apical dendrite which is indicative of an increase in synaptic connectivity and activity within these neurons. This study is the first to link increases in anxiety like behaviour to structural changes within the basolateral amygdala in a model of prenatal ethanol exposure. In addition, this study has shown that exposure to even a relatively small amount of alcohol during development leads to long term alterations in anxiety-like behaviour.
Relationships of age and axis I diagnoses in victims of completed suicide: a psychological autopsy study.

OBJECTIVE Psychiatric illness is a potent risk factor for suicide, rates of which differ markedly with age. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the psychiatric diagnoses of suicide victims vary predictably with age. METHOD DSM-III-R axis I diagnoses of 141 persons aged 21 to 92 years who had completed suicide were established by the psychological autopsy method. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine whether age, gender, or their interaction predicted the presence of specific disorders. RESULTS One or more axis I conditions were diagnosable in 90.1% of the suicide victims. Substance use disorders were most frequent, followed by mood disorders and primary psychotic illness. Younger age at death was a significant predictor of substance abuse or dependence and primary psychoses, while older age predicted major mood disorders. Comorbidity of substance use and mood disorders was common. Among victims with substance abuse or dependence, older age at death predicted major depression; among victims with mood disorders, younger age at death predicted comorbid substance abuse or dependence. CONCLUSIONS The distribution of psychiatric illnesses in suicide victims differs across the life course. Age-related patterns of addictive and psychotic disorders echo their prevalence in the general population. In contrast, the relationship between age and mood disorders among suicide victims is distinctly different from that of the general population. These findings suggest that risk for suicide increases with age in individuals with major affective illness. Depressed elderly men are particular targets for suicide prevention strategies.
Dynamic gene and protein expression patterns of the autism‐associated met receptor tyrosine kinase in the developing mouse forebrain

The establishment of appropriate neural circuitry depends on the coordination of multiple developmental events across space and time. These events include proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival—all of which can be mediated by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling through the Met receptor tyrosine kinase. We previously found a functional promoter variant of the MET gene to be associated with autism spectrum disorder, suggesting that forebrain circuits governing social and emotional function may be especially vulnerable to developmental disruptions in HGF/Met signaling. However, little is known about the spatiotemporal distribution of Met expression in the forebrain during the development of such circuits. To advance our understanding of the neurodevelopmental influences of Met activation, we employed complementary Western blotting, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry to comprehensively map Met transcript and protein expression throughout perinatal and postnatal development of the mouse forebrain. Our studies reveal complex and dynamic spatiotemporal patterns of expression during this period. Spatially, Met transcript is localized primarily to specific populations of projection neurons within the neocortex and in structures of the limbic system, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and septum. Met protein appears to be principally located in axon tracts. Temporally, peak expression of transcript and protein occurs during the second postnatal week. This period is characterized by extensive neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis, supporting a role for the receptor in these processes. Collectively, these data suggest that Met signaling may be necessary for the appropriate wiring of forebrain circuits, with particular relevance to the social and emotional dimensions of behavior. J. Comp. Neurol. 513:511–531, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Selfish-gene Tolerant Generic Algorithms to solve large-scale constraint TSPs

Large-scale distribution network simulation applicable to supply-chain management requires to solve hundreds of time-constraint large-scale (max 2000 cities) traveling salesman problems (TSP) within interactive response time, with practicable optimality. To meet this requirement, a selfish-gene tolerant type GA is proposed. Here, each gene of an individual satisfies only its constraints selfishly, disregarding the constraints of other genes in the same individual Further, to some extent, even individuals that violate constraints can survive over generations and are given the chance of improvement. Our experiment proves that this method provides expert-level solutions for time constraint large-scale TSPs within a few seconds
Differential In Vitro Immortalization Capacity of Eleven, Probable High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Types

ABSTRACT Epidemiological studies identified 12 high-risk HPV (hrHPV) types and 8 probable/possible hrHPV types that display different cancer risks. Functional studies on transforming properties of hrHPV are mainly limited to HPV16 and -18, which induce immortalization of human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs) by successive bypass of two proliferative life span barriers, senescence and crisis. Here, we systematically compared the in vitro immortalization capacities, as well as influences on p53, pRb, hTERT, growth behavior, and differentiation capacity, of nine hrHPV types (HPV16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -45, -51, -52, and -59), and two probable hrHPV types (HPV66 and -70). By retroviral transduction, the respective E6/E7 coding sequences were expressed in HFKs from two or three independent donors. Reduced p53 levels and low-level hTERT expression in early-passage cells, as seen in HPV16-, -31-, -33-, and -35-, and to a lesser extent HPV18-transduced HFKs, was associated with continuous growth and an increased immortalization capacity. Less frequent immortalization by HPV45 and -51 and immortalization by HPV66 and -70 was preceded by an intervening period of strongly reduced growth (crisis) without prior increase in hTERT expression. Immortalization by HPV59 was also preceded by a period crisis, despite the onset of low hTERT expression at early passage. HPV52 triggered an extended life span but failed to induce immortality. Variations in p53 and pRb levels were not correlated with differences in alternative E6/E7 mRNA splicing in all hrHPV-transduced HFKs. On collagen rafts, transductants showed disturbed differentiation reminiscent of precancerous lesions. In conclusion, in vitro oncogenic capacities differ between the established hrHPV types, and both some established and probable hrHPV types display weak or moderate immortalization potential.
Optimization theory in plant evolution: An overview of long-term evolutionary prospects in the angiosperms

Examination of literature shows that a number of authors regard outbreeding and heterozygosity as the prevalent factors associated with long-term successful evolution in the angiosperms. A number of plant evolutionists, however, have doubted the truth of such an assumption. Everincreasing reports of the existence of arboreal angiospermous apomixis in tropical forests of the Neotropics and the Far East undermined a thinking which, recently, has rested on optimality. Finding apomixis in trees surprised authors, who held biased opinions about the determinism of outbreeding as the major guiding factor in the evolutionary history of the angiosperms. The thinking that apomixis may turn out to be a regular mating system of the flowering plants met with the approval of some authors, who wondered about the true penetration of the phenomenon among the higher plants. The fact that one-third of all known flowering plants are autogamous has cast further doubt on the deterministic infallibility of outbreeding and successful long-term evolution. Despite claims that the breeding system is directly involved with fitness, while determining the course of optimized evolution, there is comparatively little hard evidence to substantiate a hypothesis which, in the last analysis, has rested principally on common sense. Rather, if continuing field research happens to unveil new cases of woody angiospermous apomixis, a prediction is advanced that the next two biomes to show regular incidence of the phenomenon are Africa’s paleotropical savannas and humid forests. If evolution is partly or wholly dependent on the breeding system to proceed, current knowledge supports views that further enhancement of organic diversification vis-à-vis selection and adaptednesss rests on three major tested mating systems: outbreeding, inbreeding and apomixis.
A brief survey of computational approaches in Social Computing

Web 2.0 technologies have brought new ways of connecting people in social networks for collaboration in various on-line communities. Social Computing is a novel and emerging computing paradigm that involves a multi-disciplinary approach in analyzing and modeling social behaviors on different media and platforms to produce intelligent and interactive applications and results. In this paper, we give a brief survey of the various machine learning and computational techniques used in Social Computing by first examining the social platforms, e.g., social network sites, social media, social games, social bookmarking, and social knowledge sites, where computational methodology is required to collect, extract, process, mine, and visualize the data. We then present surveys on more specific instances of computation tasks and techniques, e.g., social network analysis, link modeling and mining, ranking, sentiment analysis, etc., that are being used on these social platforms to obtain desirable results. Lastly, we present a small subset of an extensive reference list, which contains over 140 highly relevant references relating to the recent development in the computational aspects of Social Computing.