Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Busting frame busting a study of clickjacking vulnerabilities on popular sites

Web framing attacks such as clickjacking use iframes to hijack a user’s web session. The most common defense, called frame busting, prevents a site from functioning when loaded inside a frame. We study frame busting practices for the Alexa Top-500 sites and show that all can be circumvented in one way or another. Some circumventions are browser-specific while others work across browsers. We conclude with recommendations for proper frame busting.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in the trauma intensive care unit: Diagnosis and management of a rare disease in a challenging population

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening neurological disorder associated with the use of antipsychotic medications. Many of its classic signs, such as fever and altered mental status, are nonspecific in trauma intensive care unit (ICU) patients, and its rarity makes it a difficult diagnosis in this population. However, delays in treatment can be costly both in terms of hospital resources and patient outcomes. We herein report a case of a 54-year-old trauma patient with NMS precipitated by a combination of cocaine withdrawal and neuroleptic medications. Few cases of NMS in the intubated polytrauma patient have been described in the literature previously. Given the poor outcomes associated with this disorder, ICU patients would benefit from risk stratification and avoidance of neuroleptic medications in those at highest risk for NMS, particularly patients who are withdrawing from dopaminergic agents.
Physical Exercise as a Diagnostic, Rehabilitation, and Preventive Tool: Influence on Neuroplasticity and Motor Recovery after Stroke

Stroke remains a leading cause of adult motor disabilities in the world and accounts for the greatest number of hospitalizations for neurological disease. Stroke treatments/therapies need to promote neuroplasticity to improve motor function. Physical exercise is considered as a major candidate for ultimately promoting neural plasticity and could be used for different purposes in human and animal experiments. First, acute exercise could be used as a diagnostic tool to understand new neural mechanisms underlying stroke physiopathology. Indeed, better knowledge of stroke mechanisms that affect movements is crucial for enhancing treatment/rehabilitation effectiveness. Secondly, it is well established that physical exercise training is advised as an effective rehabilitation tool. Indeed, it reduces inflammatory processes and apoptotic marker expression, promotes brain angiogenesis and expression of some growth factors, and improves the activation of affected muscles during exercise. Nevertheless, exercise training might also aggravate sensorimotor deficits and brain injury depending on the chosen exercise parameters. For the last few years, physical training has been combined with pharmacological treatments to accentuate and/or accelerate beneficial neural and motor effects. Finally, physical exercise might also be considered as a major nonpharmacological preventive strategy that provides neuroprotective effects reducing adverse effects of brain ischemia. Therefore, prestroke regular physical activity may also decrease the motor outcome severity of stroke.
An information-driven navigation strategy for autonomous navigation in unknown environments

This paper presents a strategy for a rover navigation in initially unknown or poorly known environments. The strategy consists in determining the areas in which information is relevant to gather for the rover to reach the goal. The approach relies on a probabilistic reasoning on the currently available information on the environment, and on the models of the vehicle perception and motion abilities. The interest of perceiving a given area is assessed by analysing the way navigation costs are propagated during the search of the optimal path to reach the goal, taking into account the vehicle perception and motion models. Results illustrate the proposed strategy, and show its pertinence when compared to more classical navigation strategies. The extension towards multiple-robot coordination is straightforward, and is exemplified in the case where an aerial robot assists the rover by acting as a scout, aiming at optimizing the overall mission time.
On grids in topological graphs

A topological graph is a graph drawn in the plane with vertices represented by points and edges as arcs connecting its vertices. A k-grid in a topological graph is a pair of subsets of the edge set, each of size k, such that every edge in one subset crosses every edge in the other subset. It is known that for a fixed constant k, every n-vertex topological graph with no k-grid has O(n) edges. We conjecture that this statement remains true (1) for topological graphs in which only k-grids consisting of 2k vertex-disjoint edges are forbidden, and (2) for graphs drawn by straight-line edges, with no k-element sets of edges such that every edge in the first set crosses every edge in the other set and each pair of edges within the same set is disjoint. These conjectures are shown to be true apart from log* n and log2 n factors, respectively. We also settle the conjectures for some special cases.
Symbolic Exploration in Two-Player Games: Preliminary Results

In this paper symbolic exploration with binary decision diagrams (BDDs) is applied to two-player games to improve main memory consumption for reachability analysis and game-theoretical classification, since BDDs provide a compact representation for large set of game positions. A number of examples are evaluated: Tic-Tac-Toe, Nim, Hex, and Four Connect. In Chess we restrict the considerations to the creation of endgame databases. The results are preliminary, but the study puts forth the idea that BDDs are widely applicable in game playing and provides a universal tool for people interested in quickly solving practical problems.
Robustness and vulnerability assessment of water networks by use of centrality metrics

The reliability of a water distribution network (WDN) is a function of several time-invariant and time-dependent factors affecting its components and connectivity, most important of which have been shown to be the network's topology, its operating pressure, the type of key components (such as the diameter, length, material and age of water pipes) and the network's historical performance (such as the number of previously observed failures in the network). In terms of network topology, this attribute even though generally thought as time-invariant it actually is timedependent, as the paths in a water distribution network change over time based on the hydraulics in the network (water demand and water pressure/flow alter the way water flows in the piping network). The work described herein examines the time-dependent nature of a WDN topology and by means of a betweenness centrality index (BC) method demonstrates the effect of topology on the network's vulnerability / reliability. The importance of the BC index is demonstrated by use of a case-study water distribution network operated under both normal and abnormal conditions. The proposed method is also coupled with spatial mapping to indicate areas of concern in the network, and with a decision support system to assist in prioritizing actions to improve on the network's robustness and resilience.
Automatic class description generation

A class diagram is the heart of the object-oriented analysis and design. Understanding the meaning in class diagram is important for everyone who has involved in the software development project. This work proposes the method of automatically generating class description. The generation was done in two main steps. First, all class components in the class diagram input file are transformed into the tree data structure. Then, the system will generate the class description of that class components tree. This work proposes two types of the generation method according to the tree traversal method: top-down and level-order traversal. The example results show comprehensive class descriptions that can use in the future other works.
Pharmacological Characterization of 1-Nitrosocyclohexyl Acetate, a Long-Acting Nitroxyl Donor That Shows Vasorelaxant and Antiaggregatory Effects

Nitroxyl (HNO) donors have potential benefit in the treatment of heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. 1-Nitrosocyclohexyl acetate (NCA), a new HNO donor, in contrast to the classic HNO donors Angeli’s salt and isopropylamine NONOate, predominantly releases HNO and has a longer half-life. This study investigated the vasodilatative properties of NCA in isolated aortic rings and human platelets and its mechanism of action. NCA was applied on aortic rings isolated from wild-type mice and apolipoprotein E–deficient mice and in endothelial-denuded aortae. The mechanism of action of HNO was examined by applying NCA in the absence and presence of the HNO scavenger glutathione (GSH) and inhibitors of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), adenylyl cyclase (AC), calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor (CGRP), and K+ channels. NCA induced a concentration-dependent relaxation (EC50, 4.4 µM). This response did not differ between all groups, indicating an endothelium-independent relaxation effect. The concentration-response was markedly decreased in the presence of excess GSH; the nitric oxide scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide had no effect. Inhibitors of sGC, CGRP, and voltage-dependent K+ channels each significantly impaired the vasodilator response to NCA. In contrast, inhibitors of AC, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, or high-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels did not change the effects of NCA. NCA significantly reduced contractile response and platelet aggregation mediated by the thromboxane A2 mimetic 9,11-dideoxy-11α,9α-epoxymethanoprostaglandin F2α in a cGMP-dependent manner. In summary, NCA shows vasoprotective effects and may have a promising profile as a therapeutic agent in vascular dysfunction, warranting further evaluation.
Rainfall Induced Erosion Assessment on Hill Slope of GCE

This study investigates the effect of northeast monsoon season rainfall to erosion on the hillslope of the Guthrie corridor expressway (GCE), Malaysia. The main focus of this study is to develop a relationship among the vegetation cover, slope steepness, and soil loss. A plot scale basis study area is established on hillslope along the GCE. To account for various vegetation densities, a number of five plots are proposed with various percentage of vegetation density. Experimental equipment is set up at those plots to allow collection of rainfall and soil loss for duration of five months, i.e. from November 2014 till March 2015, with twice collection per month. Based on the collected data, the effect of vegetation associated to soil loss is examined followed by propose of a new model. There are few points to summarize based on this study; 1) the observed rainfall pattern shows that mostly the recorded rainfall depth is about 5 mm with 20 minutes duration of rainfall; 2) plot without vegetation cover (i.e. NBNM) yields greater soil loss and with maximum runoff whereas the least is exhibited by the plot having natural dense microbe (NDM). Meanwhile, the planted vegetation is found affected the rate of soil loss; 3) a positive relationship is found between runoff and slope steepness regardless of the vegetation cover type; and 4) A newly proposed model reveals that higher Fvs value implies a low density of vegetation; hence contributes to more soil loss.
But-2-enal 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone

In the title compound, C10H10N4O4, the but-2-enal chain is almost planar, the largest deviation from the mean plane being 0.013 (1) Å, and this plane makes a dihedral angle of 9.95 (24)° with the benzene ring,. Of the two nitro groups, one is twisted with respect to the benzene ring, making a dihedral angle of 5.7 (1)°, whereas the other is nearly in the plane of the benzene ring, with a twist angle of only 0.7 (1)°. This difference is related to the occurence of an intramolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond with the O atom of the less twisted nitro group. The NH group is also involved in a weak interaction with the same O atom of a symmetry-related molecule, thus forming a pseudo inversion dimer.
Sonic Auscultation and Mechanical Characterization of Metallic & Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete

This experimental study focuses on the relationship between ultrasonic velocity measured by sensors of 50 mm diameter and 54 kHz frequency and elastic modulus and compressive strength of concrete. Samples (prismatic: 10x10x40cm and cylindrical: 16x32cm) are made with five different concrete mixtures (metallic and synthetic fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete). The ultrasonic velocity measurements were determined with direct, semi-direct and indirect transmission mode. This methodology is based on European standard EN 12504-4. The results showed that sonic auscultation can be very useful to study the homogeneity of fiberreinforced concrete and a beneficial supplement to characterize the quality of the concrete. Based on these experimental results, an analytical formula was set up to evaluate the compression strength of concrete by determining the velocity of sound in concrete. The resulting calibration curves for strength estimation were compared with others from previous published literature.
Short- and long-term changes in joint co-contraction associated with motor learning as revealed from surface EMG.

In the field of motor control, two hypotheses have been controversial: whether the brain acquires internal models that generate accurate motor commands, or whether the brain avoids this by using the viscoelasticity of musculoskeletal system. Recent observations on relatively low stiffness during trained movements support the existence of internal models. However, no study has revealed the decrease in viscoelasticity associated with learning that would imply improvement of internal models as well as synergy between the two hypothetical mechanisms. Previously observed decreases in electromyogram (EMG) might have other explanations, such as trajectory modifications that reduce joint torques. To circumvent such complications, we required strict trajectory control and examined only successful trials having identical trajectory and torque profiles. Subjects were asked to perform a hand movement in unison with a target moving along a specified and unusual trajectory, with shoulder and elbow in the horizontal plane at the shoulder level. To evaluate joint viscoelasticity during the learning of this movement, we proposed an index of muscle co-contraction around the joint (IMCJ). The IMCJ was defined as the summation of the absolute values of antagonistic muscle torques around the joint and computed from the linear relation between surface EMG and joint torque. The IMCJ during isometric contraction, as well as during movements, was confirmed to correlate well with joint stiffness estimated using the conventional method, i.e., applying mechanical perturbations. Accordingly, the IMCJ during the learning of the movement was computed for each joint of each trial using estimated EMG-torque relationship. At the same time, the performance error for each trial was specified as the root mean square of the distance between the target and hand at each time step over the entire trajectory. The time-series data of IMCJ and performance error were decomposed into long-term components that showed decreases in IMCJ in accordance with learning with little change in the trajectory and short-term interactions between the IMCJ and performance error. A cross-correlation analysis and impulse responses both suggested that higher IMCJs follow poor performances, and lower IMCJs follow good performances within a few successive trials. Our results support the hypothesis that viscoelasticity contributes more when internal models are inaccurate, while internal models contribute more after the completion of learning. It is demonstrated that the CNS regulates viscoelasticity on a short- and long-term basis depending on performance error and finally acquires smooth and accurate movements while maintaining stability during the entire learning process.
Urokinase cisternal irrigation therapy for prevention of symptomatic vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a study of urokinase concentration and the fibrinolytic system.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cisternal irrigation therapy with urokinase (UK) was performed in multiple institutions to prevent symptomatic vasospasm. The efficacy and safety of this therapy were evaluated, and the optimal concentration of UK was estimated. METHODS This therapy was performed in 28 patients who underwent surgery within 72 hours of the onset of severe subarachnoid hemorrhage (Fisher's group 3, CT number [Hounsfield units] >60). After the aneurysm was clipped, irrigation tubes were placed in the Sylvian fissure (inlet) unilaterally and in the prepontine or chiasmatic cistern (outlet). Lactated Ringer's solution with UK (30, 60, or 120 IU/mL) was infused at a rate of 30 mL/h. The presence of symptomatic vasospasm was evaluated by changes in the clinical symptoms and the presence of a new low-density area on CT scan. Drained irrigation fluid and peripheral blood were examined chronologically to evaluate the fibrinolytic system. RESULTS Symptomatic vasospasm was observed transiently in 3 cases (10.7%) without any low-density area on CT scan. In the 120-IU/mL group, no symptomatic vasospasm occurred. Analysis of drainage fluid suggested that UK 120 IU/mL is effective. The mean values of total drained blood volume for the respective groups were as follows: 58 mL in 30 IU/mL, 106 mL in 60 IU/mL, and 143 mL in 120 IU/mL. No abnormal changes were observed in the coagulative and fibrinolytic systems after UK irrigation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that cisternal irrigation therapy with UK is safe and effective for the prevention of symptomatic vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Outcome of renal transplants from pediatric donors <5 yr of age

Abstract: Aim: Outcomes of single renal transplants from donors <5 yr old have traditionally been inferior to those from older donors. We retrospectively studied our experience with patients who received renal transplants, either individually or en bloc, from young donors (<5 yr of age) to determine the utility of these organs. We also compared the outcomes of these transplant patients maintained on either cyclosporine‐ (CyA) or tacrolimus‐based (TRL) immunosuppression regimens.
Localization of the immunity protein-reactive domain in unmodified and chemically modified COOH-terminal peptides of colicin E1

The region of the colicin E1 polypeptide that interacts with immunity protein has been localized to a 168-residue COOH-terminal peptide. This is the length of a proteolytically generated peptide fragment of colicin E1 against which imm+ function can be demonstrated in osmotically shocked cells. The role of particular amino acids of the COOH-terminal peptide in the expression of the immune phenotype was studied. Chemical modification showed that the two histidine residues (His 427 and His 440) and the single cysteine residue (Cys 505) present in the COOH-terminal peptide were not necessary for the colicin-immunity protein interaction. The immunity protein was localized in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction, consistent with previous work of others on the colicin Ia immunity protein and the prediction from the immunity protein amino acid sequence that it is a hydrophobic protein. The distribution of hydrophobic residues along the immunity polypeptide was calculated.
Metamer Crossovers of Infinite Metamer Sets

For a fixed illuminant and observer there is a whole set of reflectances resulting in an identical response, these reflectances are called metamers. It can be shown analytically that all reflectances in each such set must intersect at least three times. There is a large amount of literature arguing about the properties of these sets, in particular about the position and number of nodes of intersections. The results in the literature, based on relatively small data sets, vary in particular as a consequence of different methods used for generating metamers. Using a new method based on statistical information from measured sets, metamer sets are generated. These infinite metamer sets are then studied for their inner structure in terms of cross-over behavior. The results presented here confirm the result of there being three major wavelengths of intersection. These are around 450nm, 540nm and 610nm.
First quantitative high-throughput screen in zebrafish identifies novel pathways for increasing pancreatic β-cell mass

Whole-organism chemical screening can circumvent bottlenecks that impede drug discovery. However, in vivo screens have not attained throughput capacities possible with in vitro assays. We therefore developed a method enabling in vivo high-throughput screening (HTS) in zebrafish, termed automated reporter quantification in vivo (ARQiv). In this study, ARQiv was combined with robotics to fully actualize whole-organism HTS (ARQiv-HTS). In a primary screen, this platform quantified cell-specific fluorescent reporters in >500,000 transgenic zebrafish larvae to identify FDA-approved (Federal Drug Administration) drugs that increased the number of insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas. 24 drugs were confirmed as inducers of endocrine differentiation and/or stimulators of β-cell proliferation. Further, we discovered novel roles for NF-κB signaling in regulating endocrine differentiation and for serotonergic signaling in selectively stimulating β-cell proliferation. These studies demonstrate the power of ARQiv-HTS for drug discovery and provide unique insights into signaling pathways controlling β-cell mass, potential therapeutic targets for treating diabetes. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.08261. 001
Global histone acetylation levels: Prognostic relevance in patients with renal cell carcinoma

Epigenetic alterations play an important role in carcinogenesis. Recent studies have suggested that global histone modifications are predictors of cancer recurrence in various tumor entities. Global histone acetylation levels (histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation [H3K9Ac], histone H3 lysine 18 acetylation [H3K18Ac], total histone H3 acetylation [H3Ac] and total histone H4 acetylation [H4Ac]) were determined in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) using immunohistochemistry in a tissue micro array with 193 RCC and 10 oncocytoma specimens. The histone acetylation pattern was not different among the diverse histological subtypes of RCC or oncocytoma samples. The H3Ac levels were inversely correlated with pT‐stage (P = 0.005), distant metastasis (P = 0.036), Fuhrman grading (P = 0.001) and RCC progression (P = 0.029, hazard ratio 0.87). H4Ac deacetylation was correlated with pT‐stage (P = 0.011) and grading (P = 0.029). H3K18Ac levels were an independent predictor of cancer‐progression following surgery for localized RCC in the univariate (P = 0.001, hazard ratio 0.78) and multivariate (P = 0.005, hazard ratio 0.82) analysis. In conclusion, our study supports the concept of global histone modification levels as a universal cancer prognosis marker, and provides evidence for the use of histone deacetylases inhibitors as future drugs in the therapy of RCC. (Cancer Sci 2010; 101: 2664–2669)
Spectral discrimination of soil and regolith attributes within herrmanns catchmant, mount lofty ranges, SA

INTRODUCTION The power, and ultimately the success, of remote sensing systems lies within the way radiation over the visible, nearand short wave-infrared portions of the electromagnetic spectrum (400-2500 nm) interacts with earth surface materials and the ability of sensors to record this interaction (Campbell 1996). These interactions result in spectral absorption and emission features (spectral signatures) and are the diagnostic features allowing the spatial determination of the distribution of many hydroxyl and carbonate minerals (Hunt 1979).