Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sensorless Auto Commissioning of the Position Phase Shift Compensation in Permanent Magnet Machines

An automated self commissioning procedures for sensorless controlled AC drives is described where no prior knowledge of the motor parameters is required. The procedures includes the sensorless automatic calculation of the mechanical parameters of the motor drive passing through the sensorless automatic design of the sensorless speed controller and the mechanical observer and finally the sensorless automatic compensation of the error between the tracked saturation saliency position and the real rotor position in the permanent magnet machines due to the armature reaction based on a new technique depends on injecting a pulse of current in the d_axis, the change in the current in q_axis will depend on the error between the saturation saliency position and the real rotor position. This change in Iq is fed back to an integral controller which will generate an angle to compensate the error in the estimated position. This will increase the torque per volume of the PM machine and protect it from demagnetizing. The paper is introducing experimental results to demonstrate the feasibility of this technique. هذه الورقة البحثية تقدم طريقة جديدة والية لعملية المعايرة الذاتية للالات الكهربائية التي يتم التحكم بها بدون استخدام مجسات لقياس سرعة هذه الالات وبدون الحاجة للمعرفة المسبقة عن خصائص هذه الالات الكهربائية تضمن الطريقة المبتكرة حساب المواصف الميكانيكية للالات الكهربائية وتصميم الي للمتحكم الذي يتحكم في سرعة الالة وشدة التيار في الالة عندما تعمل الالة بدون مجس السرعة كما وتقدم هذه الورقة طريقة جديدة والية لتصحيح الخطء في مكان المحرك المستنبط بطريقة غير مباشرة (بدون استخدام مجس السرعة) عند اي لحظة وبين مكان المحرك الحقيقي نتيجة تاثير حمل الالة على مكان الاشباع المغناطيسي للالة بواسط حقن تيار باتجاه المجال المغناطيسي ومراقبة تاثير هذا التيار على على عزم الالة ثم يقوم متحكم خاص بتحويل هذا التاثير ال زاوية تستخدم لمعرفة مكان المحرك الحقيقي و هذا يحسن من كفاءة الالة بشكل ملحوظ ويحمي الالة واخيرا تعرض هذه الورقة لنتائج عملية تم اخذها من مختبرات جامعة نوتنجهام في بريطانيا بعد تطبيق هذه الطريقة على الات كهربائية مختلفة والنتائج تظهر كفاءة هذه الطريقة وملاءمتها للانواع المختلفة من الالات الكهربائية.
BPMN4MOOC: A BPMN extension for the design of connectivist MOOC

Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is a standard formalism for business process modeling that is very popular in professional practices due to its expressiveness, the well-defined meta-model and its easiness of use by non-technical users. For instance, BPMN2.0 is used for business processes in commercial areas such as banks, shops, production and supply industry. Due to its flexible notation, BPMN is increasingly being used in non-traditional business process domains like education. The presented research work aims to develop a valid extension by applying the BPMN representation of pedagogical scenario in connectivist cMOOC context. BPMN provides a set of generic process modeling elements that make it necessary to extend the language and notation by domain specific concepts from connectivist pedagogical approach. Therefore, BPMN2.0 extensibility mechanism was explored to include the representation of specific cMOOC pedagogical concepts. Moreover, this paper provides an analysis of requirements of those concepts. Based on a cMOOC oriented pedagogical scenario model, the need for extension is identified and the valid BPMN extension meta-model is designed by the construction of a conceptual domain-specific model and the corresponding BPMN extension model.
Large Deviations for Products of Non-Identically Distributed Network Matrices With Applications to Communication-Efficient Distributed Learning and Inference

This paper studies products of independent but non-identically distributed random network matrices that arise as weight matrices in distributed consensus-type computation and inference procedures in peer-to-peer multi-agent networks. The non-identically distributed matrices studied in this paper model various application scenarios in which the agent communication network is time-varying, either naturally or engineered to achieve communication efficiency in computational procedures. First, under broad conditions on the statistics of the network matrix sequence, the product of the sequence is shown to converge almost surely to the consensus matrix and explicit large deviations rate of convergence are obtained. Specifically, given the admissible graph of interconnections modeling the base network topology, it is shown that the large deviations rate of consensus equals the minimum limiting value of the fluctuating graph cuts, where the edge costs are assigned through the current probabilities of the inter-agent communications. Secondly, an application of the above large deviations principle is studied in the context of distributed detection in time-varying networks with sequential observations. By adopting a consensus+innovations type distributed detection algorithm, as a by-product of this result, error exponents are obtained for the performance of distributed detection. It is shown that slow starts (slow increase) of inter-agent communication probabilities yield the same asymptotic error rate – and hence the same distributed detection performance, as if the communications were at their nominal levels from the beginning. As an important special case it is shown that when all the intermittent graph cuts have a link the probability of which increases to one, the performance of distributed detection is asymptotically optimal - i.e., equivalent to a centralized setup having access to all network data at all times.
Waveform Designs for Joint Wireless Communication and Radar Sensing: Pitfalls and Opportunities

Special attention has been devoted to joint wireless communication and radar sensing concepts over the past decades. Considerable confusion arose, however, with regard to waveform designs. In this article, various joint wireless communication and radar sensing waveform schemes are reviewed and classified into two categories. Disadvantages and limitations of each category are clarified theoretically. It is shown that waveforms designed merely in conventional time and frequency domains cannot fulfill the conflict requirements posed by radar and wireless communication. As a solution to this fundamental challenge, the multidimensional waveform concepts, along with a generalized correlation model, are proposed for joint wireless communication and radar sensing. To showcase our current research advances in this emerging area, several concrete waveforms designed in multiple dimensions are introduced. Theoretical analysis is validated by simulations and outfield demonstration experiments. It is shown that the suggested waveforms can simultaneously achieve superior detection and communication performances with shared spectrum resources.
Islamic Resilience as Spiritual and Psychological Coping Strategies for Muslims during COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aims to explain the concept of resilience from the Islamic perspective. This study used qualitative methodology with a literature approach. The results showed that the phenomenon of religious human behavior should not only be judged by the lens of modern secular psychology theory, but also by the theory of psychology based on Islamic values. It is because they have different frames in looking at reality; and resilience in Islam is an obligation. Having resilient personalities, in Islamic teaching, means individuals’ iman (faith) should be tested. Humans are motivated to have resilience after getting life’s problems with the Covid-19 issue. Individuals’ faith has not reached a high level of spirituality when they have not been tested. There are some personalities in Islam that are in line with the concept of resilience for overcoming the Covid-19 issue in positive psychology such as sabr, tawakkal, shukr, rida, ikhlas and tawbah. In order to increase resilience in overcoming the Covid-19 issue, Sufis provide spiritual training such as takhalli, tahalli, and tajalli.
Prospective evaluation of an intraoperative urodynamic stress test predicting urinary incontinence after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

Introduction: Multiple factors influence postprostatectomy incontinence (PPI). This study evaluates the association between an intraoperative urodynamic stress test (IST) with PPI. Materials and Methods: This is an observational, single-center, prospective evaluation of 109 robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomies (RALPs) performed between July 2020 and March 2021. All patients underwent an intraoperative urodynamic stress test (IST) in which the bladder is filled up to an intravesical pressure of 40 cm H2O to evaluate whether the rhabdomyosphincter is capable of withstanding the pressure and ensure continence. Early PPI was evaluated using a standardized 1-h pad test performed the day after removal of the urinary catheter. The association of IST and PPI was evaluated using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models. Results: Nearly 76.6% of the patients showed no urine loss during the IST (“sufficient” population group). There was no significant correlation between this group and PPI after catheter removal (P = 0.5). Subgroup analyses of the “sufficient” patient population showed a 3.1 higher risk of PPI when no nerve sparing was performed (95% confidence interval: 1.05–9.70, P = 0.045). Conclusion: A sufficient IST, as a surrogate variable for a fully obtained rhabdomyosphincter, has no significant predictive value on its own but seems to be the optimal prerequisite for continence, since the data shows that the lack of neurovascular supply required for a functioning sphincter leads up to a 3.1 times higher risk for PPI.
Optical properties of single-crystalline α-Si3N4 nanobelts

The optical properties of single-crystalline α-Si3N4 nanobelts synthesized via catalyst-assisted pyrolysis of polymeric precursor were characterized by absorption, photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE). The optical absorption spectrum showed that the nanobelts exhibited indirect absorption behavior with optical band gap of ∼5.0eV. Three broad peaks centered at 1.8, 2.3, and 3.0eV were observed from the room-temperature PL spectrum of the nanobelts. The PLE spectra suggested the existence of multifold energy levels within the gap. A qualitative model was proposed to explain the observed absorption, PL and PLE spectra.
Comparative effect of intraurethral clobetasol and tacrolimus in lichen sclerosus-associated urethral stricture disease

Background: Management of urethral stricture related to lichen sclerosus (LS) is now gradually changing from surgical to nonsurgical due to availability of anti-inflammatory agents such as corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors. We determined the clinical impact of these agents in such patients on outpatient department basis in terms of improvement in symptoms on International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), external skin appearance, and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax). Materials and Methods: Eighty patients of meatal stenosis and penile urethral stricture with histopathologically proven LS were divided into two groups, and clinical and predetermined parameters such as Qmax, IPSS, and changes in external appearance were compared between these groups after 3 months of topical and intraurethral application of clobetasol and tacrolimus with self-calibration. Results: A significant intragroup difference was noted in IPSS (P < 0.001) as well as Qmax (P < 0.001); postintervention intergroup difference in IPSS was not significant (P = 0.94) and however postintervention intergroup difference in Qmax was significant in favor of clobetasol (P = 0.007). A significantly increased number of additional procedures were done in the group receiving intraurethral tacrolimus (P = 0.0473) with significantly less number of skin complication in the group with topically applied clobetasol (P = 0.003). Conclusion: Though both clobetasol and tacrolimus, improved symptom score, Qmax and local external appearance yet topical and intra-urethral clobetasol application via urethral self calibration seems to be better option for lichen sclerosus related urethral stricture in terms cost and local complications.
The Melt Refining of Irradiated Uranium: Application to EBR-II Fast Reactor Fuel. IX. Sorption and Retention of Sodium and Cesium Vapor on Stationary Beds at Elevated Temperature

Materials capable of trapping alkali metal vapors at temperatures up to 800 ts C were tested and a number of surface-active materials proved efficient. A sufficient quantity of molecular sieves, activated alumina, or actlvated carbon can be contained in a crucible cover to trap and hold the evolved alkali metal vapors from an EBR-II melt refining furnace charge of 10 kg. The cover design is under development. (auth)
Relaxation of thoracic aorta and pulmonary artery rings of marmosets (Callithrix spp.) by endothelium-derived 6-nitrodopamine

6-Nitrodopamine is a novel catecholamine released by vascular tissues, heart, and vas deferens. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 6-nitrodopamine is released from the thoracic aorta and pulmonary artery rings of marmosets (Callithrix spp.) and to evaluate the relaxing and anti-contractile actions of this catecholamine. Release of 6-nitrodopamine, dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline was assessed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The relaxations induced by 6-nitrodopamine and by the selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist L-741,626 were evaluated on U-46619 (3 nM)-pre-contracted vessels. The effects of 6-nitrodopamine and L-741,626 on the contractions induced by electric-field stimulation (EFS), dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline were also investigated. Both aorta and pulmonary artery rings exhibited endothelium-dependent release of 6-nitrodopamine, which was significantly reduced by the NO synthesis inhibitor L-NAME. Addition of 6-nitrodopamine or L-741,626 caused concentration-dependent relaxations of both vascular tissues, which were almost abolished by endothelium removal, whereas L-NAME and the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ had no effect on 6-nitrodopamine-induced relaxations. Additionally, pre-incubation with 6-nitrodopamine antagonized the dopamine-induced contractions, without affecting the noradrenaline- and adrenaline-induced contractions. Pre-incubation with L-741,626 antagonized the contractions induced by all catecholamines. The EFS-induced contractions were significantly increased by L-NAME, but unaffected by ODQ. Immunohistochemical assays showed no immunostaining of the neural tissue markers S-100 and calretinin in either vascular tissue. The results indicated that 6-nitrodopamine is the major catecholamine released by marmoset vascular tissues, and it acts as a potent and selective antagonist of dopamine D2-like receptors. 6-nitrodopamine release may be the major mechanism by which NO causes vasodilatation.
Exploration of the Divergent Outcomes for the Nenitzescu Reaction of Piperazinone Enaminoesters

The Nenitzescu reaction is a condensation reaction between an enamine and a quinone, which can give rise to a wide variety of reaction products depending on the nature of the starting material and the reaction conditions. The most commonly observed products are 5-hydroxyindoles and 5-hydroxybenzofurans. Both classes are of interest since they are known to possess a variety of promising bioactivities. Despite the high chemodivergency for this reaction, it remains an interesting synthetic strategy thanks to the mild reaction conditions, easily accessible starting materials and simple reaction procedures. For these reasons, our research group investigated the Nenitzescu reaction of piperazinone enaminoesters, resulting in the unexpected formation of rearranged 2-imidazolidinone benzofurans. In this work, we aimed to develop reaction conditions that favor the formation of 5-hydroxyindoles via an extensive, multivariate optimization study. This led to valuable insights into the parameters that influence regio- and chemoselectivity. Furthermore, two novel products were obtained, a pyrrolo[2,3-f]indole and a benzofuranone, both of which are rarely reported in the literature.
The Application of the Weighted Total Least-squares to Three Dimensional—Datum Transformation

The serviceability of weighted total least-squares method,the LS-TLS method and the least-squares method were compared in the three dimensional small angular region rectangular coordinates transformation.When the coordinate observed value was influenced by the error in both of the coordinate systems,using WTLS method could revise the observation vector y and the coefficient matrix A,introduce the coordinate prior precision to the adjustment computation,and fix the constant element and adjust the data element through with the weighted matrix PA.
The mitochondrial genome of Dendrobaena tellermanica Perel, 1966 (Annelida: Lumbricidae) and its phylogenetic position

Earthworms are an important ecological group that has a significant impact on soil fauna as well as plant communities. Despite their importance, genetic diversity and phylogeny of earthworms are still insufficiently studied. Most studies on earthworm genetic diversity are currently based on a few mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Mitochondrial genomes are becoming a promising target for phylogeny reconstruction in earthworms. However, most studies on earthworm mitochondrial genomes were made on West European and East Asian species, with much less sampling from other regions. In this study, we performed sequencing, assembly, and analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Dendrobaena tellermanica Perel, 1966 from the Northern Caucasus. This species was earlier included into D. schmidti (Michaelsen, 1907), a polytypic species with many subspecies. The genome was assembled as a single contig 15,298 bp long which contained a typical gene set: 13 protein-coding genes (three subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, seven subunits of NADH dehydrogenase, two subunits of ATP synthetase, and cytochrome b), 12S and 16S ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes. All genes were located on one DNA strand. The assembled part of the control region, located between the tRNA-Arg and tRNA-His genes, was 727 bp long. The control region contained multiple hairpins, as well as tandem repeats of the AACGCTT monomer. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete mitochondrial genomes indicated that the genus Dendrobaena occupied the basal position within Lumbricidae. D. tellermanica was a rather distant relative of the cosmopolitan D. octaedra, suggesting high genetic diversity in this genus. D. schmidti turned out to be paraphyletic with respect to D. tellermanica. Since D. schmidti is known to contain very high genetic diversity, these results may indicate that it may be split into several species.
Functional properties of three types of imitation mozzarella cheese.

カゼイン素材および調製方法の異なる3つのタイプのIMCについて熱溶融性と糸ひき性を中心に比較検討した. 熱溶融性3つのタイプいずれも良好であった. 系ひき性はIMC IIIタイプがナチュラルチーズと同等できわめて良好であり, IMC IIタイプがこれに準じた. IMCIタイプはこれらよりも劣る結果となった. これら3つのタイプにおける糸ひき性の差異は,おのおののカゼインの構造形態と深い関係があり,ナチュラルチーズと同等の糸ひき性を引き出すためのカゼイン素材としては,レンネットカゼインが最適であった.
Automatic Optimal Batch Size Selection for Recursive Estimators of Time-Average Covariance Matrix

ABSTRACT The time-average covariance matrix (TACM) , where Γk is the auto-covariance function, is an important quantity for the inference of the mean of an -valued stationary process (d ⩾ 1). This article proposes two recursive estimators for Σ with optimal asymptotic mean square error (AMSE) under different strengths of serial dependence. The optimal estimator involves a batch size selection, which requires knowledge of a smoothness parameter , for some β. This article also develops recursive estimators for ϒβ. Combining these two estimators, we obtain a fully automatic procedure for optimal online estimation for Σ. Consistency and convergence rates of the proposed estimators are derived. Applications to confidence region construction and Markov chain Monte Carlo convergence diagnosis are discussed. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Novel Mg 2+ binding sites in the cytoplasmic domain of the MgtE Mg 2+ channels revealed by X-ray crystal structures

MgtE is a Mg 2+-selective channel regulated by the intracellular Mg 2+ concentration. MgtE family proteins are highly conserved in all domains of life and contribute to cellular Mg 2+ homeostasis. In humans, mutations in the SLC41 proteins, the eukaryotic counterparts of the bacterial MgtE, are known to be associated with various diseases. The first MgtE structure from a thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus, revealed that MgtE forms a homodimer consisting of transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains with a plug helix connecting the two and that the cytoplasmic domain possesses multiple Mg 2+ binding sites. Structural and electrophysiological analyses revealed that the dissociation of Mg 2+ ions from the cytoplasmic domain induces structural changes in the cytoplasmic domain, leading to channel opening. Thus, previous works showed the importance of MgtE cytoplasmic Mg 2+ binding sites. Nevertheless, due to the limited structural information on MgtE from different species, the conservation and diversity of the cytoplasmic Mg 2+ binding site in MgtE family proteins remain unclear. Here, we report crystal structures of the Mg 2+-bound MgtE cytoplasmic domains from two different bacterial species, Chryseobacterium hispalense and Clostridiales bacterium, and identify multiple Mg 2+ binding sites, including ones that were not observed in the previous MgtE structure. These structures reveal the conservation and diversity of the cytoplasmic Mg 2+ binding site in the MgtE family proteins.
Research on Intake System Noise Prediction and Analysis for a Commercial Vehicle with Air Compressor Model

Intake system is an important noise source for commercial vehicles, which has a significant impact on their NVH performance. To predict the intake noise more accurately, a new one-dimensional prediction model is proposed in this paper. An air compressor model is introduced into the traditional model, and the acoustic properties of the intake system are simulated by GT-power. The simulation data of the inlet noise is obtained to make a comparison with the inlet noise data acquired from a test. The result shows that the proposed model can make a more precise prediction of the inlet noise. Compared with the traditional model, the proposed model can identify the noise coming from the air compressor, and achieve a more accurate prediction of the total sound pressure level of the inlet noise.
High-Redshift Galaxy Clustering and Ω0

We develop the properties of cosmological many-body clustering at high redshift and compare the resulting theoretical distributions with recent observations of groups of galaxies around z ≈ 3. Analyses of the observed variance of counts-in-cells and of the probability for forming strongly overdense regions suggest Ω0 ≈ 0.3 ± 0.2 and 0.1 ≲ Ω0 ≲ 0.3, respectively, for Einstein-Friedmann universes. Since these models are essentially analytical, they allow us to examine statistical questions that have analogs in more complicated cold dark matter models based on small numbers of simulations. We show how future observations of the galaxy distribution function can test cosmological many-body clustering and determine Ω0 more precisely. For Ω0 ≲ 0.3, these models predict that galaxies start clustering at redshifts z ≳ 10.