Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diet selection, commonness, and rarity in a pair of smooth-toothed pocket gophers

Understanding the determinants of species rarity is a perennial challenge for ecologists and conservation biologists. In addition to resource specialization, competitive interactions may limit the abundance and distribution of species, thereby accentuating rarity. However, resource partitioning can reduce or altogether offset such competitive effects, and thus permit species to thrive alongside more common, widespread competitors within a narrow range of environmental conditions. In south-central Wyoming, the Wyoming Pocket Gopher (Thomomys clusius) is restricted to areas dominated by Gardner's Saltbush (Atriplex gardneri); it inhabits a geographic range that is entirely encompassed by a relatively abundant and widespread congener (T. talpoides, the Northern Pocket Gopher). However, the consumer–resource dynamics underlying the relationships among Wyoming pocket gophers, northern pocket gophers, and Gardner's Saltbush are poorly understood. We assessed one dimension of consumer–resource interactions—diet selection—between Wyoming pocket gophers, northern pocket gophers, and Gardner's Saltbush, using a combination of path analysis, DNA metabarcoding, and cafeteria-style feeding experiments. We rejected the null hypothesis that Wyoming pocket gophers and Gardner's Saltbush co-occur solely because they require similar soil conditions. Although we could not distinguish between obligate and facultative specialization by Wyoming pocket gophers, the checkerboard-like distributions of these two Thomomys likely reflect the outcome of selection and avoidance of Gardner's Saltbush. We suggest that Wyoming pocket gophers can persist within their small geographic range by capitalizing on Gardner's Saltbush, a halophyte that probably requires some combination of physiological, morphological, and behavioral adaptations to exploit. Low abundances, restricted geographic ranges, or both are hallmarks of rarity, each of which are shaped by diet selection and other consumer–resource interactions. Quantifying consumer–resource interactions can therefore provide a mechanistic basis for the further refinement and testing of hypotheses on the abundance and distribution of closely related species.
Relationship between streamwise and azimuthal length scales in a turbulent pipe flow

The statistical relationships among the turbulence structures of the streamwise velocity fluctuations along the streamwise and azimuthal directions in a turbulent pipe flow were examined using direct numerical simulation data at Reτ = 3008. Two-point correlations of the streamwise velocity fluctuations showed a linear relationship between the streamwise and azimuthal length scales (lx and lθ), where lθ/lx = 0.07 along the wall-normal distance, indicating the long coherent structures called very-large-scale motions (VLSMs). The one-dimensional pre-multiplied energy spectra of the streamwise velocity fluctuations showed that the streamwise and the azimuthal wavelengths (λx and λθ) grew linearly along the wall-normal distance, λx/y = 20 and λθ/y = 7, respectively. The ratio between the two linear relationships was determined to be λθ/λx = 0.35, indicative of large-scale motions (LSMs). The energetic modes obtained from a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis using the translational invariance method.
Prevalence, Pattern, and Predictors of Ever Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Diabetes and Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have emerged as a pandemic globally and the situation is worse for developing nations. The four major NCDs that are responsible for a major proportion of mortality across the globe are cardiovascular diseases, cancer, respiratory diseases, and diabetes. For a country with limited resources, an integrated approach toward the management of NCDs is of particular importance. Complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) are those health-care and medical practices that are not currently an integral part of conventional medicine system. This study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence, pattern, and predictors of CAM use among patients with NCDs (diabetes, hypertension, or both). Materials and Methods: A health-facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at different levels of government health-care facilities in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. CAM categories included alternative medical systems, mind–body intervention, biologically based therapies, manipulative and body-based methods, and energy therapies. Additionally, jhaad phook/local healers were also included in our study. Results: The study showed that 41% of all the study participants were ever users of CAM. While most of the users were practicing more than one type of CAM, the most common type of CAM practiced was alternative medicine system (83.3%) followed by mind–body medicine (40.2%). Except religion and place of residence of the study participant, no other factor showed a significant association with ever usage of CAM. Conclusion: CAM use was popular among study participants as almost half of them were using/consuming it and alternative medicine system was the most common type of CAM practiced.
PENERAPAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW) UNTUK MENYELEKSI PENERIMA BANTUAN LANGSUNG TUNAI DANA DESA (BLT DD)

With many government programs to improve the social status of the community, one of which is the Village Fund Direct Assistance (BLTDD) program in Pujo Basuki Village, Central Lampung, with the hope that the community's economy can be helped by this program. Selecting the right beneficiary to receive such assistance must be done in a precise and accurate manner. From these issues, it is necessary to have a method to support decision making in order to determine the residents of this assistance program appropriately with the SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) method in the process of making a decision.
Plant growth–promoting traits of culturable seed microbiome of citrus species from Purvanchal Himalaya

Despite Northeastern India being “Treasure House of Citrus Genetic Wealth,” genetic erosion of citrus diversity poses severe concern with a corresponding loss in seed microbial diversity. The seed microbiome of citrus species unique to the Purvanchal Himalaya is seldom explored for their use in sustainable orchard management. Isolation and characterization of culturable seed microbiomes of eight citrus species, namely, Citrus reticulata Blanco, C. grandis (L.) Osbeck, C. latipes Tanaka, C. megaloxycarpa Lushaigton, C. jambhiri Lush, C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck, C. macroptera Montr, and C. indica Tanaka collected from NE India were carried out. The isolates were then screened for an array of plant growth–promoting (PGP) traits [indole acetic acid (IAA) production, N2 fixation, phosphate and zinc complex dissolution, siderophores, and Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) production]. The pure culture isolates of seed microbiomes were capable of dissolving insoluble Ca3(PO4)2 (1.31–4.84 µg Pi ml-1 h-1), Zn3(PO4)2 (2.44–3.16 µg Pi ml-1 h-1), AlPO4 (1.74–3.61 µg Pi ml-1 h-1), and FePO4 (1.54–4.61µg Pi ml-1 h-1), mineralized phytate (12.17–18.00 µg Pi ml-1 h-1) and produced IAA-like substances (4.8–187.29 µg ml-1 h-1). A few isolates of the seed microbiome were also able to fix nitrogen, secrete siderophore-like compounds and HCN, and dissolve ZnSO4 and ZnO. The 16S ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid (rRNA)–based taxonomic findings revealed that Bacillus was the most dominant genus among the isolates across citrus species. Isolates CG2-1, CME6-1, CME6-4, CME6-5, CME6-9, CJ7-1, CMA10-1, CI11-3, and CI11-4 were identified as promising bioinoculants for development of microbial consortium having multifaceted PGP traits for nutritional benefits of nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc, and IAA hormonal benefits to citrus crops for better fitness in acid soils.
Modeling of Human Actions in a Collaborative Robotic Space Using AR601M Humanoid Robot: Pilot Experiments in the Gazebo Simulator

To guarantee a safe human-robot collaboration, a collaborative system development requires a significant amount of real world experiments. Yet, it is critical to avoid injury risks for participants of such experiments. The risks could be reduced by introducing a virtual experiments’ stage to detect mistakes in a robot behavior prior to the real world experiments. This paper presents a virtual model of a humanoid robot AR601M in the Gazebo simulator. Unlike the standard human models in the Gazebo, this model allows to simulate the gross and fine motor skills of a human and could be used when performing various human actions in collaborative robotic cells.
Scour pattern around a pier in a 180° sharp bend: influence of pier shape under unsteady currents

ABSTRACT The effect of unsteady currents on scour at piers was investigated. The tests were run for nine pier shapes, three installation positions along a 180° bend, four flood durations, and four ratios of rising limb to flood duration for the 100-minute flood durations. Overall, including seven tests performed in the bend without piers, 196 tests were performed. The flow rapidity ranged from the movement threshold to live bed situations. The results indicated that the deepest scour-hole in front of the piers with different shapes was a function of flood duration and the ratio of ascending branch to descending branch had little effect on the final maximum scour-hole depth around the pier. The scour-hole volume is affected by the nose and the cross-sectional shape of the pier. For the rectangular pier, the scour-hole volume is greater than that of the other piers. The average shape coefficient was calculated.
Modeling Contagion of Financial Markets: A GARCH-EVT Copula Approach

: To better assess the ﬁnancial contagion through the VaR, several recent studies used copula models. In the same context, this paper addresses the inefﬁciency of the classical approach such as a normal distribution in modeling the tail risk, by using the conditional Extreme Value Theory (GARCH-EVT), in order to assess extreme risks with contagion effect. The GARCH-EVT approach is a two-stage hybrid method that combines a Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) ﬁlter with the Extreme Value Theory (EVT). To implement our approach, we use macroeconomic time series from Morocco, Spain, France, and the USA.
Drug-Inducible Gene Therapy Effectively Reduces Spontaneous Seizures in Kindled Rats but Creates Off-Target Side Effects in Inhibitory Neurons

Over a third of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are not effectively treated with current anti-seizure drugs, spurring the development of gene therapies. The injection of adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) into the brain has been shown to be a safe and viable approach. However, to date, AAV expression of therapeutic genes has not been regulated. Moreover, a common property of antiepileptic drugs is a narrow therapeutic window between seizure control and side effects. Therefore, a long-term goal is to develop drug-inducible gene therapies that can be regulated by clinically relevant drugs. In this study, a first-generation doxycycline-regulated gene therapy that delivered an engineered version of the leak potassium channel Kcnk2 (TREK-M) was injected into the hippocampus of male rats. Rats were electrically stimulated until kindled. EEG was monitored 24/7. Electrical kindling revealed an important side effect, as even low expression of TREK M in the absence of doxycycline was sufficient to cause rats to develop spontaneous recurring seizures. Treating the epileptic rats with doxycycline successfully reduced spontaneous seizures. Localization studies of infected neurons suggest seizures were caused by expression in GABAergic inhibitory neurons. In contrast, doxycycline increased the expression of TREK-M in excitatory neurons, thereby reducing seizures through net inhibition of firing. These studies demonstrate that drug-inducible gene therapies are effective in reducing spontaneous seizures and highlight the importance of testing for side effects with pro-epileptic stressors such as electrical kindling. These studies also show the importance of evaluating the location and spread of AAV-based gene therapies in preclinical studies.
Employment the Laser to Fabricate the Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

The Optical Fiber sensor based on the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technology hasbeen a successful performance sensing and presents high sensitivity. This thesis investigates theperformance of several structure of SPR sensor in field of refractive index and chemicalapplications. A structure of Multi-Mode Fiber- Single Mode Fiber- Multi Mode Fiber (MMFSMF-MMF)
Constitutive equations for flow of an incompressible viscous fluid through a porous medium

Herein we present a set of equations which are proposed to describe the flow of an incompressible viscous fluid through a rigid porous medium. Terms are included which may account for capillary forces, for drag forces and for viscous shear effects. There are three unspecified coefficients in these linearized equations and we suggest how these may be evaluated, first by indicating a simple setting in which the equations reduce to D'Arcy's law, another in which they take the form of the classical diffusion equation (Fick's law) and finally by considering boundary exchange in a situation involving both free and entrapped flow. We cannot claim any substantiation of the validity of these equations. We advance them here because they seem to be the simplest elementary constitutive equations which include these three effects. The equations arise when one seeks elementary constitutive equations within the general theory of mixtures advanced by the author and others (see [1, 2]). They are consistent with the thermodynamic theory advanced in [2]; indeed, we here present a sketch of the final reduction from the general theory in order partially to substantiate this claim. The generalization to the case in which the porous matrix is deformable may be easily found from results in [2], as may the corresponding nonlinear equations. The application of mixture theories to the case of flow in a porous medium is a natural and obvious one, and there are a great many similar derivations in the literature: an excellent description may be found in the survey article of Atkin and Craine [3], The justification for offering yet another consists in three points. First, and most important, the theory presented here seems to offer a minimum of complexity among this class of theories, and hence offers the best opportunity for experimental confirmation or refutation and hence for prediction. For example, we find it possible to use data from [4] to obtain estimates for the magnitude of the viscous terms in comparison with the drag terms and use these to make error estimates for measurements of relative permeability. Although some solutions have been made for previous mixture theories, it is not clear that any can be completely determined experimentally, and this presents very serious limitations on their use in practical applications. Second, the effect of capillary forces is modeled, albeit roughly, and this leads to a reduction to the diffusion equation in certain conditions. Such a reduction, common in soil mechanics, does not appear in the general theories unless the fluid is supposed compressible. Third, as discussed at length in [1], the general theory upon which this is based offers a
Effectiveness of pelvis and trunk stabilization exercises over conventional physiotherapy to improve dynamic trunk balance in cerebellar ataxia: a randomized controlled trial

Cerebellar ataxia is caused by several hereditary or acquired aetiologies that eventually lead to abnormalities in the cerebellum. Patients with cerebellar ataxia may experience balance issues, eye movement abnormalities, limb incoordination, gait instability, and speech impairment as a result. The available treatment options for cerebellar ataxia are rather limited, causing many patients to struggle with daily activities. Although the success rate of a range of therapeutic interventions has been determined, evidence-based exercise guidelines for the treatment of balance disorders and associated problems in people with cerebellar ataxia are currently unavailable. Thus, physiotherapists must explore novel approaches to successfully manage the symptoms of ataxia and further improve the quality of life of patients. The current study protocol will provide new insight as no article available to date has looked at trunk and pelvis stabilization exercise programme as an intervention for treating cerebellar ataxia. We hereby propose a study, which aims to investigate the impact of conventional exercises and trunk and pelvis stabilization exercises along with conventional exercises on subjects with Cerebellar ataxia in a two-arm randomized controlled trial on improving SARA, TIS, BBS, Barthel Index, WHOQOL The total participants will be divided into two-arm parallel groups and the intervention will be given for complete 6 weeks, 5 days in a week. The outcome measure will be evaluated at baseline and the end of 6 weeks. The results will be evaluated after 6 weeks. If the hypothesis of our study proves to be effective, then this physiotherapy intervention could be included in the management of cerebellar ataxia
Engineering Characteristics and Microscopic Mechanism of Soil–Cement–Bentonite (SCB) Cut-Off Wall Backfills with a Fixed Fluidity

Soil–cement–bentonite (SCB) backfill has been widely used in constructing cut-off walls to inhibit groundwater movement in contaminated sites. This study prepares SCB backfill with fixed fluidity. We conducted a series of experiments to investigate the engineering characteristics and microscopic mechanism of the backfill. The results indicate that the water content in the slurry was more sensitive to the bentonite content. The unconfined compression strength (UCS) value increased with an increase in the cement content, and the change with an increase in bentonite content was not noticeable. The permeability coefficient decreased distinctly with an increase in the cement and bentonite contents. The porosity of the SCB backfill increased with increasing bentonite content and decreased with increasing cement content. The UCS of SCB backfill was linearly and negatively correlated with the porosity; the permeability coefficient was not significantly related to the porosity. The percentage of micro- and small-pore throats in the backfill increased with increasing bentonite and cement contents. As cement and bentonite content increased by 6% in the backfill, the proportion of micro- and small-pore throats increased by 0.7% and 1.2%, respectively. The percentage of micro- and small-pore throats is deduced to be more suitable as a characterization parameter for the permeability of the SCB backfill. The overall results of this study show that the reasonably proportioned SCB backfill has potential as an eco-friendly and cost-effective material. Based on the requirements of strength and permeability coefficient (UCS > 100 kPa, 28 days permeability coefficient <1 × 10−7 cm/s), we suggested using a backfill with 12% bentonite and 9% cement as the cut-off wall mix ratio.
A coupled two-dimensional numerical model for rapidly varying flow, sediment transport and bed morphology By Xin Liu, Julio Ángel Infante Sedano and Abdolmajid Mohammadian

The Authors are congratulated for their work on developing a two-dimensional model for rapidly varying flow, sediment transport and bed morphology, which employs a coupled numerical strategy with a novel scheme to estimate the bed-load fluxes in order to produce accurate and stable solutions. The improved performance of the model has been nicely demonstrated by comparison with a numerically decoupled model. However, some points concerning the coupled model are open to question. First, the model ignores some terms related to bed deformation and sediment transport in the shallow water hydro-sediment morphodynamic equations, which is in essence physically decoupled and thus unjustified for modelling rapidly varying flow, sediment transport and bed morphology. Second, the capacity assumption is evoked for bed load transport, which may not be generally justified. Equally importantly, it is unclear whether the model focuses on bed load transport, suspended load transport, or both. The Authors’ clarification of the above issues would be much appreciated.
Adenoid Hypertrophy and Orthodontic Complications: An Assessment of Parental Knowledge in Saudi Arabia

Background Adenoid hypertrophy is a common condition that can cause upper airway obstruction in children and adolescents, leading to various complications, including dental and maxillofacial abnormalities. However, parents may have limited knowledge of the orthodontic complications associated with this condition. Objective This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of parents toward the orthodontic complications of untreated adenoid hypertrophy and to promote their awareness about this problem. Method This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 824 parents from all regions of Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was used to collect data on parents' demographics, their children's information, and their general knowledge about adenoid hypertrophy, including its symptoms, complications, and treatment. Results The study included 824 parents with a mean age of 36.78 ± 10.87 years, 73.2% of whom were women. Overall, only 6.2% (51.1 parents) had a good level of knowledge about adenoid hypertrophy. Conclusion The study highlights the importance of promoting awareness and educating parents about the orthodontic complications associated with adenoid hypertrophy. Greater awareness and understanding can help parents make better decisions for their children's health and well-being.
Fasys: Visible-Light-Based Communication and Positioning Services towards Smart Cities

Visible-light-based transmission application plays an important role in various types of sensor services for the Internet of Things (IoTs). However, in big data scenarios, current visible-light-based systems cannot achieve concurrent high-speed communication, low-speed communication, and positioning. Therefore, in this article, we propose a smart visible-light-based fusion applications system, named Fasys, to solve the above problem for the big data traffic with heterogeneity. Specifically, for low-speed data services, we propose a novel linear block coding and bit interleaving mechanism, which enhances the LED positioning accuracy and recovers the lost data bits in the interframe gap (IFG). For high-speed data services with traffic possessing burstiness, an elegant statistical reliability analysis framework in regard to latency is proposed based on martingale theory. The backlog martingale process is constructed. Leveraging stopping time theory, a tight upper bound of unreliability is obtained. An arrival abstraction and traffic allocation scheme is designed, which contributes to decouple the reliability requirement as the maximum supportable arrival load. Finally, we implement our Fasys system, and extensive experimental results show that our system can achieve consistent high-precision positioning and low-BER data communication for low-speed data services. And the proposed martingale-based traffic allocation scheme can achieve the provisioning of reliability in regard to the latency for high-speed data services.