Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
'Non-classical' q-oscillator realization of the quantum SU(2) algebra

A new realization of SUq(2) algebra via two independent q-oscillators is found. In contrast to the 'classical' Jordan-Schwinger construction the proposed realization yields SUq(2) generators as linear functions of creation and annihilation q-bose operators. The functions of canonical basis mod j;m) in q-oscillator representation are found. There are no 'classical' analogues of this realization-it 'disappears' if q to 1.
Data association and passive tracking for multiple targets based on Gaussian sum particle filter

To improve tracking performance of multi-target tracking, a data association and passive tracking scheme based on the joint probabilistic data association (JPDA) and the Gaussian sum particle filter (GSPF) is proposed. The GSPF is presented to formulate the problem of passive tracking. Compared with sampling importance resampling (SIR) scheme, GSPF can incorporate the most current observations into the particle filter and generate accurate proposal density distribution for the particle filter. Hence, the proposal scheme uses GSPF to track the states of the targets and applies the idea of JPDA directly to the sample sets of multi-target states, and weights of particles are evaluated through the combination of JPDA. The specific implementation steps of JPDA based on GSPF (JPDA/GSPF) are deduced. Trajectory tracking and the root mean square error (RMSE) comparisons are made with JPDA/SIR and JPDA/EKF schemes on simulated data in multi-target passive tracking. Simulation results show that the JPDA/GSPF scheme has better performance than JPDA/SIR and JPDA/EKF scheme in tracking. Furthermore, from the view of particle cost, the JPDA/GSPF introduces higher computation efficiency than JPDA/SIR.
Deep learning of extreme rainfall events from convective atmospheres

Our subject is a new Catalogue of radar-based heavy Rainfall Events (CatRaRE) over Germany, and how it relates to the concurrent atmospheric circulation. We classify daily atmospheric ERA5 fields of convective indices according to CatRaRE, using an array of conventional statistical and more recent machine learning (ML) algorithms, and apply them to corresponding fields of simulated present and future atmospheres from the CORDEX project. Due to the stochastic nature of ML optimization there is some spread in the results. The ALL-CNN network performs best on average, with several learning runs exceeding an Equitable Threat Score (ETS) of 0.52 ; the single best result was from ResNet with ETS = 0.54 . The best performing classical scheme was a Random Forest with ETS = 0.51 . Regardless of the method, increasing trends are predicted for the probability of CatRaRE-type events, from ERA5 as well as from the CORDEX fields.
A Machine Learning Framework to Predict Adverse Drug Reactions from Electronic Health Records

The advent of medical industry is immense in the recent years, with increasing epidemics, pandemics and endemics, thereby ensuring proper treatment to the patients with affordable medications. Right from the chemical compositions, the manufacturing involves a huge procedural overhead along with the clinical trials and pre-marketing studies. Such medications have to clear stringent norms and policies in order to reach the market, during which, the medication should exhibit compliance to lesser side effects, and increased control over the diseases. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) are typically reactions which are unintended and may result in harmful effects over the patients. Multiple models understand the data collected from various sources to monitor the effects of medications in regular intervals, in order to prepare for counter actions. The risk of side effects and adverse drug reactions can be reduced with timely detection of drug to protein interaction and drug to drug interactions. It is a practice of co-prescriptions for addressing multiple medical conditions in elderly people and patients with multiple ailments. Compared to the previous manual techniques, prediction of adverse drug reactions was carried out using machine learning techniques lately. The proposed technique introduces a novel mechanism using regularized logistic regression technique to effectively trace the drug-to-drug interactions. The datasets are considered from openly available sources, and electronically stored information are fed into regression models for finding relevant patterns. Empirical studies applied with necessary cross validation checks and numerous failproof tests deliver promising outcomes in form of drug-ADR targeted profiles for signifying the results of the supposed study. From the investigative results, it is evident that the proposed technique ensures utmost quality and interesting insights for making appropriate biological and protein-drug based decisions.
The Scope and Conceptual Content of Analytical Cartography

Over the last three decades analytical cartography has grown from Tobler's concept of "solving cartographic problems" into a broader and deeper scientific specialization that includes the development and expansion of analytical/mathematical spatial theory and model building. In many instances Tobler himself has led the way to these new insights and developments. Fundamental concepts begin with Tobler's cartographic transformations; Nyerges' deep and surface structure and data levels; and Moellering's real and virtual maps; the sampling theorem; and concepts of spatial primitives and objects. This list can be expanded to include additional analytical concepts such as spatial frequencies, spatial surface neighborhood operators, information theory, fractals, Fourier theory, topological network theory, and analytical visualization, to name a few. This base of analytical theory can be employed to analyze and/or develop such things as spatial surfaces, terrain analysis, spatial data schemas, spatial data structures, spatial query languages, spatial overlay and partitioning, shape analysis, surface generalization, cartographic generalization, and analytical visualization. More analytical uses of theory, strategies of analysis, and implementations are being developed and continue to multiply as the field continues to grow and mature. A primary goal is to expand the mathematical/analytical theory of spatial data analysis, and theory building and analytical visualization as analytical cartography takes its place in the geographic information sciences. The research future for this area appears very bright indeed.
Climatology of explosive cyclones off the East Asian Coast

Abstract The climatology of explosive cyclogenesis off the east Asian coast was studied, based on 30 years (1958–87) of surface analyses. There were two favorable areas for explosive deepening, one over the eastern Sea of Japan, and the other over the northwestern Pacific, east and southeast of Japan. The latter was located close to the warm Kuroshio Current. The frequency of explosive cyclogenesis reached a local minimum over Japan. The geographic distribution of explosive-cyclone frequency suggests that the explosive cyclogenesis is influenced by the Japanese islands. In addition, a positive correlation is found between explosive-cyclogenesis frequency and the El Nino episodes during 1958–87. The physical relationship between these two phenomena, however, is not well understood.
Specific Post-Translational Modifications of VDAC3 in ALS-SOD1 Model Cells Identified by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Damage induced by oxidative stress is a key driver of the selective motor neuron death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mitochondria are among the main producers of ROS, but they also suffer particularly from their harmful effects. Voltage-dependent anion-selective channels (VDACs) are the most represented proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane where they form pores controlling the permeation of metabolites responsible for mitochondrial functions. For these reasons, VDACs contribute to mitochondrial quality control and the entire energy metabolism of the cell. In this work we assessed in an ALS cell model whether disease-related oxidative stress induces post-translational modifications (PTMs) in VDAC3, a member of the VDAC family of outer mitochondrial membrane channel proteins, known for its role in redox signaling. At this end, protein samples enriched in VDACs were prepared from mitochondria of an ALS model cell line, NSC34 expressing human SOD1G93A, and analyzed by nUHPLC/High-Resolution nESI-MS/MS. Specific over-oxidation, deamidation, succination events were found in VDAC3 from ALS-related NSC34-SOD1G93A but not in non-ALS cell lines. Additionally, we report evidence that some PTMs may affect VDAC3 functionality. In particular, deamidation of Asn215 alone alters single channel behavior in artificial membranes. Overall, our results suggest modifications of VDAC3 that can impact its protective role against ROS, which is particularly important in the ALS context. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD036728.
Family caregivers' burden and coping strategies with clients living with schizophrenia in neuropsychiatry specialist hospital in Akure, Ondo state, Nigeria

Objective: Caring for schizophrenic clients has an enduring effect and leads to a substantial level of burden for the caregivers. This study assessed the caregivers' burden and coping strategies with patients living with schizophrenia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used to assess the family caregivers' burden and coping strategies with clients living with schizophrenia in Neuropsychiatry Specialist Hospital. The Zarit Burden Interview Scale was used to assess the participants' level of burden while the Brief CopeScale was utilized for the assessment of their coping strategies. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: 63.5% of the family caregivers were married.53%had a mild to moderate burden, 38% had a moderate to a severe burden, 1% had severe, and only 8% had little or no burden. The family caregivers utilized a mix of coping strategies. The coping strategy most commonly used among the respondents was 'Religion' mean being 2.9270±0.86466 SD. Conclusion: A significant number of family caregivers experience a burden related to the care of their loved ones. Therefore, healthcare providers must offer psychological support to and teach family caregivers effective coping strategies necessary for reducing their burden of care.
Combination of Biochemical, Molecular, and Synchrotron-Radiation-Based Techniques to Study the Effects of Silicon in Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)

The work focused on the analysis of two cultivars of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), Aragon and Gladis, under two different treatments of silicon, Low, 2 L of 0.1 mM CaSiO3, and High, 0.5 mM CaSiO3, weekly, for 8 weeks, under stress-free conditions. We subsequently analyzed the morphology, chemical composition, and elemental distribution using synchrotron-based µ-XRF techniques, physiological, and molecular aspects of the response of the two cultivars. The scope of the study was to highlight any significant response of the plants to the Si treatments, in comparison with any response to Si of plants under stress. The results demonstrated that the response was mainly cultivar-dependent, also at the level of mitochondrial-dependent oxidative stress, and that it did not differ from the two conditions of treatments. With Si deposited mainly in the cell walls of the cells of fruits, leaves, and roots, the treatments did not elicit many significant changes from the point of view of the total elemental content, the physiological parameters that measured the oxidative stress, and the transcriptomic analyses focalized on genes related to the response to Si. We observed a priming effect of the treatment on the most responsive cultivar, Aragon, in respect to future stress, while in Gladis the Si treatment did not significantly change the measured parameters.
On bubbles with small immobile adsorbed films rising in liquids at low Reynolds numbers

Surface-active impurities may collect as a stationary film on the lowest part of a bubble rising in liquid while the remainder of the surface moves freely. Numerical approximations for the motion are available if the Reynolds number is low, but they fail for small films. We give the steady-state asymptotic solution for that case, and obtain the perturbation of the drag coefficient from its value for a completely free surface. It depends on the amount by which the surface tension is reduced at the rear stagnation point. This reduction has usually been taken to be the maximum possible for the particular impurity; we consider also the case where dilution is so great that that maximum cannot be reached because the impurity would then be diffusing off the surface at the rear faster than onto it elsewhere.
Predicted Episode of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Onto the South Carolina, USA, Continental Shelf and Its Effect on Dissolved Oxygen

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may directly influence the dissolved oxygen (DO) content of coastal bottom waters. Here, we report a predicted episode of enhanced SGD that caused low DO concentrations on the South Carolina continental shelf. The prediction model linked episodes of SGD to upwelling‐favorable winds. The data revealed these waters were a factor of 2–6 higher in 226Ra and 228Ra compared to typical bottom water values and were significantly depleted in DO (<130 μM). The tight 228Ra:226Ra correlation of these data was similar to values during a strong hypoxic event off SC in 2012. Water ages from 224Ra and 223Ra indicated the event occurred 2–9 days before sampling. The success of the prediction lends added credence to the correlation of upwelling‐favorable winds—but not necessarily accompanied by upwelling—to episodic SGD events. This prediction from wind data represents a major advance for quantifying SGD in the region.
Oscillatory Phase Modulation of Parametrically Forced Surface Waves

We present a study of secondary instabilities of parametrically generated standing waves in a horizontal layer of fluid submitted to vertical vibrations. The fluid is contained in a thin annulus, and thus the basic standing wave behaves as a one-dimensional spatial structure. When the driving frequency is increased (respectively, decreased), the system bifurcates abruptly to another standing wave pattern by nucleation (respectively, annihilation) of one wavelength. When the driving amplitude is increased, the standing-wave pattern undergoes various instabilities, and in particular an oscillatory instability that corresponds to a one-dimensional compression mode of the periodic structure. This secondary instability is understood in the framework of the amplitude equation formalism.
Rasch Modelling to Assess Psychometric Validation of the Knowledge about Tuberculosis Questionnaire (KATUB-Q) for the General Population in Indonesia

Objective: This study aims to validate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the knowledge about tuberculosis questionnaire (KATUB-Q) for the general population in Indonesia. Methods: The KATUB-Q consists of three domains: general knowledge, transmission, and treatment, with 20 dichotomous items. Rasch analysis through WINSTEPS was used. Results: A total of 504 respondents from 34 provinces in Indonesia completed the survey. Based on the model fit statistics, 3 misfit items were deleted and 17 items were used. Item and person reliability, as well as Cronbach’s Alpha values were 0.99, 0.63, and 0.73, respectively, which means they achieved the minimum acceptable limit of 0.6. Based on the results, Indonesia’s Person ability analysis indicated a high level of knowledge. KATUB-Q has no significant bias item based on sex found in the differential item functioning analysis. Conclusion: KATUB-Q has 17 items with a valid and reliable instrument; hence, it can be used to measure the knowledge about TB in the general population. Practice implications: The unidimensional structure of the core items of the KATUB-Q provides empirical evidence for using the sum score of the items in practice to evaluate the effectiveness of TB education in the general population.
A Model Predictive Control Scheme Without Current Sensor of Dual Active Bridge DC–DC Converters: Improving Dynamic Performance and Reducing Hardware Cost

Dual active bridge dc–dc (DAB) converters have a wide range of applications. However, the stability of DAB converters may be destroyed by the output voltage disturbance, which is caused by variations in input voltage and load conditions. To improve the dynamic performance of DAB converters, many optimization schemes are proposed and require additional voltage and current sensors. In this article, a model predictive control (MPC) method is proposed to achieve fast dynamic performance in load current sensorless conditions, which leads to cost reduction of the hardware system. The proposed MPC method is insensitive to circuit parameters and easy to implement. Moreover, combined with inductor current stress optimization (CSO), the proposed method can achieve multiobject optimization of DAB converters, including improving dynamic response and reducing the cost of the hardware system. First, the transmission power model under dual-phase shift (DPS) of DAB converters is analyzed. Then, some typical methods, such as the proportional–integral (PI) control, the load current feedforward (LCFF) control, and the sliding mode-based direct power control (SM-DPC), are introduced. Finally, an experiment phototype of DAB converters is developed, and comprehensive experiments with resistive load and three-phase inverter load are employed to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
How to unveil a t Tauri star

A method for separating the 'veiling' continuum often present in T Tauri stars from the underlying photospheric spectrum is described. Echelle observations from 5100 to 6800 A of the partially veiled T Tauri star BP Tau were analyzed to determine the shape of the veiling spectrum. The residuals of the fit indicate the deviation of the veiling spectrum from a simple continuum and identify the location and strength of any emission-line components. It is shown, by means of goodness-of-fit tests, that the spectrum of BP Tau can be decomposed into a normal stellar spectrum plus a smooth veiling continuum with only a few emission lines superposed. The continuum dominates the veiling spectrum in this spectral region; the veiling does not arise from numerous deep photospheric absorption lines that are filled in by weak emission. 36 refs.
HIGH COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH 3D PRINTED INFILL BASED ON STRUT-BASED LATTICE STRUCTURE

In an attempt to make Additive Manufacturing more material-efficient, researchers come across the idea of re-enforcing 3D printed objects by infill pattern modification. In line with this concept, this paper introduces a new innovative infill pattern inspired by a variety of strut-base lattice structures that is stronger and more material-efficient than conventional 3D printing infill. This research provides the design, analysis, and experimental results of the developed 3D printed infills, then compared with a benchmark infill. Three (3) strut-based lattice test samples, namely Body-Centered Cubic (BCC), Face-Centered Cubic (FCC), and Octet-Truss, were designed and 3D printed with an equal amount of material used, then undergo compressive test on Universal Testing Machine. Results showed that BCC, FCC, and Octet-truss infill pattern print has a compressive strength of 11.25 MPa, 8.47 MPa, 7.44 MPa consecutively, while benchmark infill has 9.73 MPa. This data proves that with the same amount of material consumed, the BCC lattice structure infill withstands a compressive load higher than the benchmark infill, which is offered in a 3D printing slicer.
Robustness of Bergmann’s and Rapoport’s rules to different geographical range estimates in New World pit vipers

Bergmann's and Rapoport's rules are two ecogeographical patterns that predict an increase in species body size and range size, respectively, with increasing latitudes. Here, we evaluated whether using different geographical range estimates affects the assessment of Bergmann's and Rapoport's rules at the cross‐species and assemblage levels in New World pit vipers.
Design of humanitarian supply chain system by applying the general two-stage network DEA model

PurposeThe recent COVID-19 outbreak and severe natural disasters make the design of the humanitarian supply chain network (HSCN) a crucial strategic issue in a pre-disaster scenario. The HSCN design problem deals with the location/allocation of emergency response facilities (ERFs). This paper aims to propose and demonstrate how to design an efficient HSCN configuration under the risk of ERF disruptions.Design/methodology/approachThis paper considers four performance measures simultaneously for the HSCN design by formulating a weighted goal programming (WGP) model. Solving the WGP model with different weight values assigned to each performance measure generates various HSCN configurations. This paper transforms a single-stage network into a general two-stage network, treating each HSCN configuration as a decision-making unit with two inputs and two outputs. Then a two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach is applied to evaluate the HSCN schemes for consistently identifying the most efficient network configurations.FindingsAmong various network configurations generated by the WGP, the single-stage DEA model does not consistently identify the top-ranked HSCN schemes. In contrast, the proposed transformation approach identifies efficient HSCN configurations more consistently than the single-stage DEA model. A case study demonstrates that the proposed transformation method could provide a more robust and consistent evaluation for designing efficient HSCN systems. The proposed approach can be an essential tool for federal and local disaster response officials to plan a strategic design of HSCN.Originality/valueThis study presents how to transform a single-stage process into a two-stage network process to apply the general two-stage network DEA model for evaluating various HSCN configurations. The proposed transformation procedure could be extended for designing some supply chain systems with conflicting performance metrics more effectively and efficiently.
Nasopharyngeal luminal change on cervical radiography in brachycephalic dogs without respiratory signs

This study aimed to prospectively assess nasopharyngeal luminal changes in brachycephalic dogs without respiratory signs using cervical radiography. Forty brachycephalic dogs without cardiopulmonary diseases were included. The nasopharyngeal luminal change was calculated on inspiratory and expiratory cervical lateral radiographs. The median nasopharyngeal luminal change was 21.6% (range, 0.3–85.6%). In five dogs, a nasopharyngeal luminal change of >50% was identified. There was no correlation between nasopharyngeal luminal changes and age, sex, body weight, or body condition score. These results suggest that brachycephalic dogs without cardiopulmonary diseases may be over-diagnosed with partial pharyngeal collapse. Further studies comparing nasopharyngeal luminal changes between clinically healthy brachycephalic dogs and dogs with respiratory signs are warranted.