Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis with MOCA Test

Amaç: Bilişsel bozukluk multipl sklerozda (MS) özürlülüğün önemli nedenlerinden biridir. Montreal Bilişsel Değerlendirme Ölçeği (MOBİD) yürütücü işlevler, görsel-mekansal beceriler, dil, dikkat ve konsantrasyon, soyut düşünme, bellek ve oryantasyondan oluşan farklı bilişsel alanları değerlendiren bir tarama testidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı MS’li hastaların bilişsel işlevlerini benzer yaş grubundaki kontroller ile MOBİD ölçeği kullanarak karşılaştırmaktır. Ge reç ve Yön tem: Çalışmaya Ekim ve Aralık 2011 arasında ardışık olarak Şişli Etfal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Demiyelinizan Hastalıklar Polikliniği’ne başvuran, gözden geçirilmiş McDonald 2010 kriterlerine göre MS tanısı konmuş, relapsing remitting MS seyir tipinde toplam 39 hasta ve 20 benzer yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımında sağlıklı gönüllü dahil edildi. Hasta ve kontrollere Türkçe’ye çevrilmiş MOBİD ölçeği uygulandı. Toplam ve alt grup skorları karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Toplam MOBİD skoru hasta ve kontrollerde sırası ile 21,74±4,48 ve 26,9±2,53 idi. Toplam MOBİD skoru MS hastalarında kontrollere göre anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu (p=0,000). Ayrıca dil, dikkat, bellek ve yürütücü işlevler alanlarında da belirgin bozulma saptandı. Bilişsel bozukluğu olan ve olmayan hastaların hastalık süresi ve expanded disability status scale (EDSS) skoru arasında fark bulunmadı. Sonuç: MS hastalarında dil, dikkat, bellek ve yürütücü işlevler alanlarında saptanan bilişsel bozukluk kontrol grubundan anlamlı farklı bulunmuştur. MOBİD bilişsel etkilenmenin erken evresinde kullanılan bir tarama testidir. Bulgularımız MOBİD ölçeğinin MS hastalarında da tarama amaçlı kullanılabileceğini desteklemektedir. (Türk Nöroloji Dergisi 2013; 19:52-5) Anah tar Ke li me ler: Multipl skleroz, bilişsel bozukluk, MOBİD ölçeği Sum mary
Management of Tourism Resources and Demand Based on Neural Networks

Accurate prediction for inbound tourism demand is important for development and implement of Chinese inbound tourism strategy. It has positive significance. BP neural network as a common traditional machine learning methods is widely used in travel demand forecasting model. However, BP neural network suffers from several drawbacks, such as over fitting, difficulties in setting parameters and local minima problem. Hence the performance of BP neural network is very unstable in practical applications. This paper combines an advanced machine learning paradigm named ensemble learning with BP neural network to build neural network ensemble for tourism demand prediction. The state-of-art methods for predictive modeling used in tourism research include traditional statistical methods, soft computing methods, and artificial intelligence methods. Note that artificial intelligence methods, which were introduced to tourism research in 1990s, have greatly improved the predictive accuracy of modeling methods. This study conducts tourism demand modeling of three important tourist source countries of US, Britain and Australia. The results show that, neural network ensemble significantly improves the predictive accuracy over traditional statistical methods and traditional machine learning methods including single BP neural network. Such method provides a better choice for more accurate predictive modeling for tourism demand of China.
Talk to your Displays - Position Paper for the Workshop "Ubiquitous Display Environments"

Ubiquitous computing spaces, which have displays generously embedded into the environment, allow interaction with graphical user interfaces in a much more casual manner than desktop computers, which tie the user a particular desk. But simply putting desktop applications on a ubiquitous display will not make their use casual. We propose applications that can roam among displays as well as to personal devices (PDAs, etc.). Applications may also use a combination of public and personal devices simultaneously for interaction. We especially focus on associating displays with speech-based personal devices. Such combinations can be used to present interaction in an effortless, casual, and multimodal manner.
Development of Tools for Multi Vehicles Simulation with Robot Operating System and ArduPilot

—One of the main difﬁculties in developing multi-robot systems (MRS) is related to the simulation and testing tools available. Indeed, if the differences between simulations and real robots are too signiﬁcant, the transition from the simulation to the robot won’t be possible without another long development phase and won’t permit to validate the simulation. Moreover, the testing of different algorithmic solutions or modiﬁcations of robots requires a strong knowledge of current tools and a signiﬁcant development time. Therefore, the availability of tools for MRS, mainly with ﬂying drones, is crucial to enable the industrial emergence of these systems. This research aims to present the most commonly used tools for MRS simulations and their main shortcomings and presents complementary tools to improve the productivity of designers in the development of multi-vehicle solutions focused on a fast learning curve and rapid transition from simulations to real usage. The proposed contributions are based on existing open source tools as Gazebo simulator combined with ROS (Robot Operating System) and the open-source multi-platform autopilot ArduPilot to bring them to a broad audience.
Non-global logarithms in inter-jet energy flow with kt clustering requirement

Recent work in inter-jet energy flow has identified a class of leading logarithms previously not considered in the literature. These so-called non-global logarithms have been shown to have significant numerical impact on gaps-between-jets calculations at the energies of current particle colliders. Here we calculate, at fixed order and to all orders, the effect of applying clustering to the gluonic final state responsible for these logarithms for a trivial colour flow 2 jet system. Such a clustering algorithm has already been used for experimental measurements at HERA. We find that the impact of the non-global logarithms is reduced, but not removed, when clustering is demanded, a result which is of considerable interest for energy flow observable calculations.
UNSTRUCTURED ADAPTIVE MOVING MESH SOLUTION OF UNSTEADY SHEAR FLOWS AND FREE-SURFACE FLOWS

A method for performing anisotropic unstructure d mesh adaptation is discussed that is well suited for com putational fluid dynamics on parallel distributed memory compu ters. This algorithm which involves mesh motion, rather than r efinement and coarsening, is fast, parallel, and fully conser vative. The approach is effective at accurately capturing freesurface flows, boundary layers, and unsteady shear layers. Exampl es of some of applications are presented.
Towards a Landmark-Based Pedestrian Navigation Service Using OSM Data

With the advent of location-aware smartphones, the desire for pedestrian-based navigation services has increased. Unlike car-based services where instructions generally are comprised of distance and road names, pedestrian instructions should instead focus on the delivery of landmarks to aid in navigation. OpenStreetMap (OSM) contains a vast amount of geospatial information that can be tapped into for identifying these landmark features. This paper presents a prototype navigation service that extracts landmarks suitable for navigation instructions from the OSM dataset based on several metrics. This is coupled with a short comparison of landmark availability within OSM, differences in routes between locations with different levels of OSM completeness and a short evaluation of the suitability of the landmarks provided by the prototype. Landmark extraction is performed on a server-side service, with the instructions being delivered to a pedestrian navigation application running on an Android mobile device.
Adherence to buccal epithelial cells, enzymatic and hemolytic activities of Candida isolates from HIV-infected individuals.

Candida spp. , along with other microorganisms are usually found in the normal flora of the human oral mucosa. However in HIV-infected individuals these yeasts can become opportunistic pathogens and lead to mucosal infections. The transformation from a harmless commensal to a virulent pathogen under conditions of dysfunctional host defense system is attributable to an extensive repertoire of selectively expressed virulence determinants. The present study was undertaken to analyze the production of four important virulence factors viz. adherence to buccal epithelial cells (BEC), proteinase activity, phospholipase activity and hemolysis, and to evaluate the correlation between these virulence factors in 65 Candida isolates from HIV-infected individuals with oral candidiasis. A total of 95.3%, 67.7%, 41.5% and 100% of the Candida isolates showed adherence to BEC, and proteinase, phospholipase and hemolytic activities, respectively. Production of proteinase and phospholipase enzymes was seen in 89.7% and 59.0% of C. albicans isolates and 34.6% and 15.4% of non-Candida albicans Candida (NAC) isolates, respectively. C. albicans showed significantly greater level of virulence factor expression with regards to adherence to BEC (P < 0.001), phospholipase production (P < 0.044) and hemolysis (P = 0.037) as compared to NAC. A correlative relationship between proteinase activity and adherence to BEC, as well as phospholipase production was noted.
Pharmacotherapy of panic disorder

Panic disorder (PD) is a common, persistent and disabling mental disorder. It is often associated with agoraphobia. The present article reviews the current status of pharmacotherapy for PD with or without agoraphobia as well as the current status of treatments combing pharmacotherapy with cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). The review has been written with a focus on randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and reviews that have been published over the past few years. Effective pharmacological treatments include tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and various benzodiazepines. Treatment results obtained with CBT compare well with pharmacotherapy, with evidence that CBT is at least as effective as pharmacotherapy. Combining pharmacotherapy with CBT has been found to be superior to antidepressant pharmacotherapy or CBT alone, but only in the acute-phase treatment. Long term studies on treatments combining pharmacotherapy and CBT for PD with or without agoraphobia have found little benefit, however, for combination therapies versus monotherapies. New investigations explore the potential additional value of sequential versus concomitant treatments, of cognitive enhancers and virtual reality exposure therapy, and of education, self management and Internet-based interventions.
Determinants of prescription and choice of empirical therapy for hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia

The objectives of this study were to assess the determinants of empirical antibiotic choice, prescription patterns and outcomes in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)/ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in Europe. We performed a prospective, observational cohort study in 27 intensive care units (ICUs) from nine European countries. 100 consecutive patients on mechanical ventilation for HAP, on mechanical ventilation >48 h or with VAP were enrolled per ICU. Admission category, sickness severity and Acinetobacter spp. prevalence >10% in pneumonia episodes determined antibiotic empirical choice. Trauma patients were more often prescribed non-anti-Pseudomonas cephalosporins (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.50–4.78). Surgical patients received less aminoglycosides (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14–0.49). A significant correlation (p<0.01) was found between Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score and carbapenem prescription. Basal Acinetobacter spp. prevalence >10% dramatically increased the prescription of carbapenems (OR 3.5, 95% CI 2.0–6.1) and colistin (OR 115.7, 95% CI 6.9–1,930.9). Appropriate empirical antibiotics decreased ICU length of stay by 6 days (26.3±19.8 days versus 32.8±29.4 days; p = 0.04). The antibiotics that were prescribed most were carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam and quinolones. Median (interquartile range) duration of antibiotic therapy was 9 (6–12) days. Anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus agents were prescribed in 38.4% of VAP episodes. Admission category, sickness severity and basal Acinetobacter prevalence >10% in pneumonia episodes were the major determinants of antibiotic choice at the bedside. Across Europe, carbapenems were the antibiotic most prescribed for HAP/VAP.
Interdependent Pricing and Markup Behavior: an Empirical Analysis of GM, Ford and Chrysler

Our purpose in this paper is to develop and estimate a model of the US automobile industry that can be used to analyze the secular and cyclical strategic markup behavior and market structure of its three major domestic producers - - GM, Ford and Chrysler. The principal novelty in this paper is not such much in the underlying theory (we build on what Timothy Bresnahan has called the "new empirical industrial organization" literature), but rather in the actual empirical implementation of a multi-equation model sufficiently general to permit the testing of a variety of specific behavioral postulates associated with the interdependent strategic profit-maximizing behavior of GM, Ford and Chrysler. Using firm-specific annual data from 1959-83, we find that at usual levels of statistical significance, we cannot reject Cournot quantity-setting behavior, nor can we reject leader/follower quantity-setting behavior with GM as leader and Ford and Chrysler as followers; the parameter restrictions associated with leader/follower behavior are slightly more binding than those with Cournot, although the difference is not decisive. In terms of the cyclical analysis of market behavior, our most striking result is the great diversity of behavior we find among GM, Ford and Chrysler. Depending on which firm is being analyzed, there is support for the pro-cyclical "conventional wisdom" of markups (GM and Ford), as well as for the counter-cyclical "revisionist" literature (Chrysler). Diversity, rather than constancy and homogeneity, best characterizes firms in this industry.
Evolving perspectives in microbial oceanography from genomes to biomes

The ocean’s biota is numerically dominated by microbial species. Yet the population dynamics, metabolic complexity and synergistic interactions hidden within marine microbial assemblages remain largely uncharted. A full understanding of the living ocean requires moving beyond the ‘parts list’ of marine microbial taxa and genome sequences. New experimental techniques and analytical approaches have potential to provide the required model systems, experimental data, and ecosystem observations to facilitate construction of predictive models to interrelate microbial dynamics with the biogeochemical matter and energy fluxes that comprise the living ocean ecosystem.
Compulsory Deep Mixing of 3He and CNO Isotopes in the Envelopes of Low-Mass Red Giants

Three-dimensional stellar modeling has enabled us to identify a deep-mixing mechanism that must operate in all low-mass giants. This mixing process is not optional, and is driven by a molecular weight inversion created by the 3He(3He,2p)4He reaction. In this paper we characterize the behavior of this mixing, and study its impact on the envelope abundances. It not only eliminates the problem of 3He overproduction, reconciling stellar and big bang nucleosynthesis with observations, but solves the discrepancy between observed and calculated CNO isotope ratios in low-mass giants, a problem of more than three decades standing. This mixing mechanism, which we call “δ μ mixing,” operates rapidly (relative to the nuclear timescale of overall evolution, ~108 yr) once the hydrogen-burning shell approaches the material homogenized by the surface convection zone. In agreement with observations, Population I stars between 0.8 and 2.0 M☉ develop 12C/13C ratios of 14.5 ± 1.5, while Population II stars process the carbon to ratios of 4.0 ± 0.5. In stars less than 1.25 M☉, this mechanism also destroys 90%-95% of the 3He produced on the main sequence.
SCALING THEORY OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL METAL-INSULATOR TRANSITIONS

We discuss the recently discovered two-dimensional metal-insulator transition in zero magnetic field in the light of the scaling theory of localization. We demonstrate that the observed symmetry relating conductivity and resistivity follows directly from the quantum critical behavior associated with such a transition. In addition, we show that very general scaling considerations imply that any disordered two dimensional metal is a perfect metal, but most likely not a Fermi liquid.
Dynamics and Traveling Waves in CNN Vector Disease Model

In this brief, a cellular neural network (CNN) vector disease model is investigated from the point of view of its dynamics. Some vector-borne diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, and typhus, which arrive and spread in new areas, are one of the main public health problems throughout the world. The investigations of the spatial spread of newly introduced diseases are interesting and challenging for both theory and applications. Existence of traveling waves for such CNN vector disease model is proved. Simulations of the obtained CNN model are given, which confirm the obtained theoretical results
Dual-band MIMO antenna using double-T structure for WLAN applications

A dual-band multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed for the wireless-local-area-network (WLAN) applications in the 2.4-GHz and 5.2-GHz bands. The antenna consists of two double-T monopole elements with microstrip-fed and symmetrically placed on a substrate. To enhance isolation between the two monopole elements, three slots are cut on the ground plane on the other side of the substrate. The longer slot is used for better isolation in the 2.4-GHz band, while the two shorter slots are used for the 5.2-GHz band. Simulation and measurement are used to study the antenna performance in terms of S parameters, radiation patterns, realized gain, efficiency, and envelope correlation coefficient. Results show that the MIMO antenna has the two operation bands (2.20-2.75 GHz and 5.09-5.50 GHz) with mutual coupling of less than -15 dB and envelope correlation coefficient of less than 0.1, making it a good candidate for WLAN applications.
Spatial disadvantages or spatial poverty traps: household evidence from rural Kenya. CPRC Working Paper 167.

The goals of this study are: 1) to determine the relative importance of spatial factors in explaining household wealth; 2) to identify the spatial characteristics of the chronically poorest, the consistently well off, and households escaping from poverty as well as descending into poverty; 3) to determine effects of compound disadvantages on the likelihood of chronic poverty; and 4) to assess the evidence of spatial poverty traps (SPTs). Quantitative analysis is conducted using panel data collected from 1275 households, each surveyed four times with a structured questionnaire over an 11 year period from 1997 to 2007. We identified four distinct groups. The chronically poor are defined as households remaining consistently in the bottom third (tercile) of households ranked by wealth in each of the four survey years. Roughly 12.9% of the nationwide sample was found to be chronically poor. The consistently non-poor are defined as households consistently in the upper tercile of households ranked by wealth, and this group formed 16.2% of the total sample. The third and fourth groups were those households found to have risen from poverty (starting in the bottom tercile and ending in the top tercile, the ascending) and those who were in the top asset tercile in 1997 and fell to the bottom tercile by 2007 (the declining). Relatively few households in the sample were in either the upwardly mobile category (3.8%) or the downwardly mobile category (3.6%).
Title Community Joint-Mission as Regional Business Pla tform---Comparative study of three different s caled communities

ABSTRUCT: Regional disparity is one of the most serious social issues in recent Japan. To develop local businesses for encouraging regional economy, there are many barriers, such as lack of natural resource, human resource, investment, technology, and so forth. In many stagnated local areas, resource deficiency is a large obstacle for development. However, even in such local areas, most of the local people have some intangible asset on human relationship through historically cultivated joint-mission, indicated as a sense of solidarity, hometown feeling, social responsibility, or some kinds of common ethics. Such human relationship is itself a significant local asset to establish regional business. This paper compares three different scaled communities, to clarify the importance of joint-mission to establish business platform in local regions and to discuss about how to utilize such a platform for a business scheme. Case 1 Tourism business in Taketomi island: The sense of solidarity in the small island was an indispensable factor for their business success. Case 2 Managing local hospitals in Kochi city: Chikamori-Kai has established close communication and tight linkage on medical services with many personal clinics, based on the local city community, and it was a key element for their business success. Case 3: Vegetable grocery connecting Kochi and Osaka areas: Tosa-Senri, established a strong linkage with many farmers in Kochi and also with many customers in Osaka, and could sell many items to realize superior sales amount. The three cases imply that human network and joint-mission shall be a significant basis for establishing platform of local business and prosperity of local areas.