Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple Functions of the RNA-Binding Protein HuR in Cancer Progression, Treatment Responses and Prognosis

The human embryonic lethal abnormal vision-like protein, HuR, is a member of the Hu family of RNA-binding proteins. Over the past decade, this ubiquitously expressed protein has been extensively investigated in cancer research because it is involved in the regulation of mRNA stability and translation in many cell types. HuR activity and function is associated with its subcellular distribution, transcriptional regulation, translational and post-translational modifications. HuR regulation of target mRNAs is based on the interaction between the three specific domains of HuR protein and one or several U- or AU-rich elements (AREs) in the untranslated region of target mRNAs. A number of cancer-related transcripts containing AREs, including mRNAs for proto-oncogenes, cytokines, growth factors, and invasion factors, have been characterized as HuR targets. It has been proposed that HuR has a central tumorigenic activity by enabling multiple cancer phenotypes. In this review, we comprehensively survey the existing evidence with regard to the diverse functions of HuR in caner development and progression. The current data also suggest that HuR might be a novel and promising therapeutic target and a marker for treatment response and prognostic evaluation.
Microbial Targeting of 99mTc-Labeled Recombinant Human β-Defensin-3 in an Animal Model of Infection: A Feasibility Pilot Study

Human β-defensin-3 (HBD-3) is an antimicrobial peptide with bactericidal effects on many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and some yeast species and, if radiolabeled, might be used to distinguish bacterial infection from sterile inflammation. The goals of the present study were to develop methods for radiolabeling HBD-3 with 99mTc and to perform preliminary investigations on 99mTc-labeled HBD-3 as a means to evaluate induced infection in an animal model. To this purpose, Staphylococcus aureus–induced infection was used to evaluate the capability of 99mTc-HBD-3 to distinguish infection from aseptic inflammation in rats. Methods: Twenty to 40 μg of recombinant HBD-3 were labeled with 99mTc+ hexa-coordinated with 3 molecules of CO and H2O and separated by a column from free 99mTc. 99mTc-HBD-3 was added to cultures of a bacterial suspension of S. aureus and Escherichia coli to evaluate in vitro antibacterial activity. A bacterial suspension of S. aureus and a carrageenan solution were used to induce infection and sterile inflammation, respectively, in opposite thighs of 9 adult rats. Three separate experiments were performed on groups of 3 rats each. The animals received different doses of 99mTc-HBD-3 injected through a cannula into the jugular vein. After sacrifice of the animals, tissue samples were obtained from sites of infection, inflammation, and control muscle (left foreleg) at 1, 3, and 5 h after 99mTc-HBD-3 administration. Tissue samples were weighed and then counted in a well-counter. Simultaneously, 1 mL of a standard solution of 99mTc-HBD-3 corresponding to each administered dose was counted. Results: 99mTc-HBD-3 retained antibacterial activity. Radioactivity in tissue samples from the infected sites was significantly higher than that in samples of either induced inflammation or normal control muscle (ratio, ∼3:1) at 3 and 5 h after injection, whereas similar radioactivity counts were observed for tissue samples from aseptic inflammation sites and normal control muscle. Conclusion: In this investigation, 99mTc-HBD-3 retained antibacterial activity and successfully distinguished infection from aseptic inflammation in adult rats.
A Solution to the Gating Paradox

We introduce a Markov model for the gating of membrane channels. The model features a possible solution to the so-called gating current paradox, namely that the bell-shaped curve that describes the voltage dependence of the kinetics is broader than expected from, and shifted relative to, the sigmoidal curve that describes the voltage dependence of the activation. The model also predicts some temperature dependence of this shift, but presence of the latter has not been tested experimentally so far.
Querying event logs: Discovering non-events in event logs

Nowadays companies are more complex than before. Processes are linked together and a lot of data stream through organizations. Every second hundreds or even thousands of events occur. Accordingly it becomes a very challenging job to find meaningful events, patterns or non-events. Continuous query languages can support end users to manage this infinite stream of events and aid to discover significant events. Particularly the search for expected events that didn't take place is important to prevent them of going by unnoticed. Finding these so-called non-events is a tremendous challenge for organizations because these events aren't registered. This paper investigates available tools and compares how these tools can be used to find such non-events with two different continuous query languages. From now on, even things that didn't happen, won't escape being noticed.
Robust Calibration of a Universal Single-Qubit Gate-Set via Robust Phase Estimation

An important step in building a quantum computer is calibrating experimentally implemented quantum gates to produce operations that are close to ideal unitaries. The calibration step involves estimating the systematic errors in gates and then using controls to correct the implementation. Quantum process tomography is a standard technique for estimating these errors, but is both time consuming, (when one only wants to learn a few key parameters), and is usually inaccurate without resources like perfect state preparation and measurement, which might not be available. With the goal of efficiently and accurately estimating specific errors using minimal resources, we develop a parameter estimation technique, which can gauge key systematic parameters (specifically, amplitude and off-resonance errors) in a universal single-qubit gate-set with provable robustness and efficiency. In particular, our estimates achieve the optimal efficiency, Heisenberg scaling, and do so without entanglement and entirely within a single-qubit Hilbert space. Our main theorem making this possible is a robust version of the phase estimation procedure of Higgins et al. [B. L. Higgins, New J. Phys. 11, 073023 (2009)].
Insights into the Regulatory Role of Non-coding RNAs in Cancer Metabolism

Cancer represents a complex disease originated from alterations in several genes leading to disturbances in important signaling pathways in tumor biology, favoring heterogeneity that promotes adaptability and pharmacological resistance of tumor cells. Metabolic reprogramming has emerged as an important hallmark of cancer characterized by the presence of aerobic glycolysis, increased glutaminolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis, as well as an altered mitochondrial energy production. The metabolic switches that support energetic requirements of cancer cells are closely related to either activation of oncogenes or down-modulation of tumor-suppressor genes, finally leading to dysregulation of cell proliferation, metastasis and drug resistance signals. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as one important kind of molecules that can regulate altered genes contributing, to the establishment of metabolic reprogramming. Moreover, diverse metabolic signals can regulate ncRNA expression and activity at genetic, transcriptional, or epigenetic levels. The regulatory landscape of ncRNAs may provide a new approach for understanding and treatment of different types of malignancies. In this review we discuss the regulatory role exerted by ncRNAs on metabolic enzymes and pathways involved in glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. We also review how metabolic stress conditions and tumoral microenvironment influence ncRNA expression and activity. Furthermore, we comment on the therapeutic potential of metabolism-related ncRNAs in cancer.
Protocols for Cooperation Cultural Diversity of Strategies for the Alternating Prisoner ' s Dilemma

The Prisoner's Dilemma has long been the paradigm for modeling cooperation in a competitive environment. The classical version, in which both agents simultaneously choose to cooperate or to defect, is unnecessarily artificial. The stochastic Alternating Prisoner's Dilemma in which choices are made sequentially and mistakes are possible is more faithful to examples in the real world. Intelligent k-ply agents, who base their action on k previous outcomes, can achieve mutual cooperation in the stochastic Alternating Prisoner's Dilemma. Among the 4-ply agents that remember the previous two choices of the agent and of his opponent, several mutually evolutionarily stable clans will emerge in an evolutionary model based on Darwinian natural selection. In particular, the stochastic 4-ply strategy dubbed Tough Love maintains a stable cooperative environment by punishing misbehavior while quickly forgiving the repentant.
Active Neighborhood Selection for Locally Linear Embedding

In this paper, we propose metric locally linear embedding (LLE) to handling the problem of multiple manifolds through learning neighborhood. LLE succeeds in extracting the low-dimensional representation of data in a single manifold, but fails in the case of multiple manifolds. This paper makes use of the strategy of active neighborhood selection to extend LLE. The strategy requires partial information of similarity among data to find an appropriate Mahalanobis distance to replace Euclidean distance. The use of new distance metric aims to diminish the distance of data points within the same manifold and enlarge the distance between different manifolds, while preserving the intrinsic structure of each manifold as faithfully as possible. Experimental results demonstrate that metric LLE usually performs better than LLE in feature extraction.
Longitudinal Brain Volume Changes in Preterm and Term Control Subjects During Late Childhood and Adolescence

OBJECTIVE. Although preterm very low birth weight infants have a high prevalence of neuroanatomical abnormalities when evaluated at term-equivalent age, patterns of brain growth in prematurely born infants during school age and adolescence remain largely unknown. Our goal was to test the hypothesis that preterm birth results in long-term dynamic changes in the developing brain. METHODS. We performed serial volumetric MRI studies at ages 8 and 12 years in 55 preterm infants born weighing 600 to 1250 g and 20 term control children who participated in the follow-up component of a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled intraventricular hemorrhage prevention study. RESULTS. Total brain volumes increased 2% to 3% between the ages of 8 and 12 years for both preterm and term children. These changes involved reductions in cerebral gray matter while white matter increased. Between 8 and 12 years of age, preterm subjects experienced a 2% decrease in left cerebral gray matter compared with a 10% reduction in left cerebral gray for term controls. For right cerebral gray matter, preterm children experienced a 3% decrease in volume between years 8 and 12, compared with 9% for term controls (group-by-time). In contrast, preterm subjects had a 10% increase in cerebral white matter volumes bilaterally between ages 8 and 12 years, compared with >26% increases for both hemispheres for term controls. Significant differences in regional volume changes between study groups were found in bilateral temporal gray and in parietal white matter. CONCLUSIONS. Preterm birth continues to perturb the trajectory of cerebral development during late childhood and early adolescence with preterm children, showing both lower gray matter reduction and less white matter gain over time compared with term control subjects.
Cooperative coding for wireless networks

User cooperation represents an effective way of introducing diversity in wireless networks. Spatial diversity gains are obtained through the cooperative use of antennas belonging to several nodes. We design and analyze the performance of channel codes that are capable of achieving the full diversity provided by user cooperation, with the constraint that they also provide the best possible performance in the interuser link. We show that even though the interuser channel is noisy, the codes provide substantial diversity and coding gains over the noncooperative case.
How long is enough to detect terrestrial animals? Estimating the minimum trapping effort on camera traps

Camera traps is an important wildlife inventory tool for estimating species diversity at a site. Knowing what minimum trapping effort is needed to detect target species is also important to designing efficient studies, considering both the number of camera locations, and survey length. Here, we take advantage of a two-year camera trapping dataset from a small (24-ha) study plot in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve, eastern China to estimate the minimum trapping effort actually needed to sample the wildlife community. We also evaluated the relative value of adding new camera sites or running cameras for a longer period at one site. The full dataset includes 1727 independent photographs captured during 13,824 camera days, documenting 10 resident terrestrial species of birds and mammals. Our rarefaction analysis shows that a minimum of 931 camera days would be needed to detect the resident species sufficiently in the plot, and c. 8700 camera days to detect all 10 resident species. In terms of detecting a diversity of species, the optimal sampling period for one camera site was c. 40, or long enough to record about 20 independent photographs. Our analysis of evaluating the increasing number of additional camera sites shows that rotating cameras to new sites would be more efficient for measuring species richness than leaving cameras at fewer sites for a longer period.
A Radio Polarimetric Study of the Galactic Center Threads

The Very Large Array has been used to carry out a multifrequency, polarimetric study of the nonthermal filaments (NTFs), G0.08+0.15, and G359.96+0.09, also known as the Northern and Southern Threads (Morris & Yusef-Zadeh). These linear structures have been observed at λ = 20, 6, 3.6, and 2 cm, with high enough spatial resolution to be resolved for the first time at 6 and 3.6 cm. The 20 cm image reveals a wealth of new detail in the radio sources lying within the inner 60 pc of the Galaxy. The Southern Thread has a prominent split along its length, similar to splitting at the ends of previously studied NTFs. In addition to the prominent Northern and Southern Threads, there are several elongated features that resemble NTFs but that extend for only 5-7 pc. With resolutions as fine as 2'', the 3.6 and 6 cm images reveal a high degree of continuity and little substructure internal to the filament. However, the width of the Northern Thread varies along its length between ~4'' and ~12'' (0.15-0.5 pc) and becomes markedly diffuse at its northwest extremity. The spectral index of the Northern Thread has been determined over a broad range of frequencies. Its flux density falls with frequency, (α = -0.5) between 90 and 6 cm (where Sν ∝ να) and becomes much steeper (α = -2.0) between 6 and 2 cm. The spectral index does not vary significantly along the length of the Northern Thread, which implies either that the diffusion timescale for the emitting electrons is less than their synchrotron lifetime or that the emitting electrons are reaccelerated continuously at multiple positions along the filament. Because of the lack of spectral index variation, we have not located the source of relativistic electrons. Polarization observations at 6 and 3.6 cm confirm the nonthermal nature of the emission from the Northern Thread. The fractional polarization in the Northern Thread reaches 70% in some regions, although the polarized emission is patchy. Large rotation measures (RM ≳ 2000 rad m-2) have been observed with irregular variations across the filament; typical values of RM are 100-2000 rad m-2. The lack of any apparent pattern in the distribution of RM suggests that the Faraday rotating medium is not physically associated with the Northern Thread since the filament itself is so highly ordered. The intrinsic magnetic field in the Northern Thread is predominantly aligned along its long axis. The data on the Southern Thread were less conclusive: the Southern Thread was not detected in total intensity at 6 or 3.6 cm, while the polarized emission at 3.6 cm arising from the Southern Thread is evident, with a bifurcated structure similar to that detected in total 20 cm intensity.
One MOEA Uniformity Measurement Based on Generalized Spherical Transformation

So far there are a number of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) applied in solving multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs), but it is very hard to evaluate the performance of a multi-objective optimization evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) especially to equably evaluate the Pareto Front (PF) when the dimension of the objective space is greater than 2. This paper has made a corresponding analysis on the existed MOEA and proposed a MOEA uniformity measurement based on generalized spherical transformation, which mapped the space points onto a spherical space by transforming the coordinate to get the corresponding polar angle. And then find out the points distributing in different quadrant around according to the polar angle. Finally, measure the uniformity of the points in the space distribution by calculating the space Euclidean distance. The experiments show that this algorithm can well evaluate the distributing of the PF.
Resilience and Disruption in Observed Family Interactions in Youth With and Without Spina Bifida: An Eight-Year, Five-Wave Longitudinal Study.

OBJECTIVE To examine differences between families of youth with spina bifida (SB) and families of typically developing (TD) youth on family-, parent-, and youth-level variables across preadolescence and adolescence. METHODS Participants were 68 families of youth with SB and 68 families of TD youth. Ratings of observed family interactions were collected every 2 years at 5 time points (Time 1: ages 8-9 years; Time 5: ages 16-17 years). RESULTS For families of youth with SB: families displayed less cohesion and more maternal psychological control during preadolescence (ages 8-9 years); parents presented as more united and displayed less dyadic conflict, and youth displayed less conflict behavior during the transition to adolescence (ages 10-13 years); mothers displayed more behavioral control during middle (ages 14-15 years) and late (ages 16-17 years) adolescence; youth displayed less engagement and more dependent behavior at every time point. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight areas of resilience and disruption in families of youth with SB across adolescence.
The mathematical theory of resonant transducers in a spherical gravity wave antenna

Apart from omnidirectional, a solid elastic sphere is a natural multi-mode and multi-frequency device for the detection of Gravitational Waves (GW). Motion sensing in a spherical GW detector thus requires a multiple set of transducers attached to it at suitable locations. If these are resonant then they exert a signiﬁcant back action on the larger sphere and, as a consequence, the joint dynamics of the entire system must be properly understood before reliable conclusions can be drawn from its readout. In this paper, I present and develop an analytic approach to study such dynamics which generalises currently existing ones and clariﬁes their actual range of validity. In addition, the new formalism shows that there actually exist resonator layouts alternative to the highly symmetric TIGA , potentially having interesting properties. One of these (I will call it PHC ), which only requires ﬁve resonators per quadrupole mode sensed, and has mode channels , will be described in detail. Also, the perturbative nature of the proposed approach makes it very well adapted to systematically assess the consequences of realistic mistunings in the device parameters by robust analytic methods. In order to check the real value of the mathematical model, its predictions have been confronted with experimental data from the LSU prototype detector TIGA , and agreement between both is found to consistently reach a satisfactory precision of four decimal places.
The importance of realism to experiments comparing cash and CV charitable donations : the case of the Isle of Eigg Trust

An important focus for concern about Contingent Valuation (CV) is that hypothetical payments for non-market goods are biased upwards in comparison to cash payments. Lack of realism, through its influence on incentives to mis-report payments, may explain the divergence. This paper reports on a study which attempts to overcome this problem by emulating a real fund-raising solicitation by the Isle of Eigg Trust for both real and hypothetical donations. In contrast to previous results, the mean cash donation was higher (£3.71) than the mean CV donation (£3.41). The importance of realism is highlighted by a third survey, which used a neutral CV design, implemented by a research organisation, where the mean donation was much higher (£6.21) than the cash equivalent.
Recognition of highly imbalanced code-mixed bilingual speech with frame-level language detection based on blurred posteriorgram

In this work, we proposed a new framework for recognition of highly imbalanced code-mixed bilingual speech using an additional frame-level language detector in the conventional recognition system. Blurred posteriorgram features (BPFs) are also proposed to be used in the language detector. The approach was evaluated with real spontaneous lectures offered at National Taiwan University. The highly imbalanced language distribution in code-mixed speech makes the task difficult. Preliminary experimental results showed not only very good performance improvement, but the improvement is complementary to that brought by better acoustic models, whether due to better adaptation approach or increased training data. The code-mixed bilingual speech is frequently used in the daily lives of many people in the globalized world today.
F2DB: The Flash-Forward Database System

Forecasts are important to decision-making and risk assessment in many domains. Since current database systems do not provide integrated support for forecasting, it is usually done outside the database system by specially trained experts using forecast models. However, integrating model-based forecasting as a first-class citizen inside a DBMS speeds up the forecasting process by avoiding exporting the data and by applying database-related optimizations like reusing created forecast models. It especially allows subsequent processing of forecast results inside the database. In this demo, we present our prototype F2DB based on PostgreSQL, which allows for transparent processing of forecast queries. Our system automatically takes care of model maintenance when the underlying dataset changes. In addition, we offer optimizations to save maintenance costs and increase accuracy by using derivation schemes for multidimensional data. Our approach reduces the required expert knowledge by enabling arbitrary users to apply forecasting in a declarative way.