Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FURTHER STUDIES ON THE INDUCTION OF THE DRUG-HYDROXYLATING ENZYME SYSTEM OF LIVER MICROSOMES

Further studies of the induction of the liver microsomal drug-hydroxylating enzyme system by pretreatment of rats with various drugs are presented. The phenobarbital-induced increase in the microsomal content of CO-binding pigment and in the activities of TPNH-cytochrome c reductase and the oxidative demethylation of aminopyrine is proportional, within certain limits, to the amount of phenobarbital injected. Removal of the inducer results in a parallel decrease in the levels of CO-binding pigment, TPNH-cytochrome c reductase, and aminopyrine demethylation. Other inducing drugs have been investigated and shown to act similarly to phenobarbital. The early increase in these enzymes is found in the microsomal subfraction consisting of rough-surfaced vesicles, whereas repeated administration of the inducing drug results in a concentration of the enzymes in the smooth-surfaced vesicles. The phenobarbital-stimulated formation of endoplasmic membranes is reflected in increased amounts of the various microsomal phospholipid fractions as revealed by thin layer chromatography. There is no significant difference between the stimulated rates of Pi 32 incorporation into phospholipids of the two different microsomal subfractions in response to phenobarbital treatment. The drug-induced enzyme synthesis is unaffected by adrenalectomy.
Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors Reduce Serum Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Levels and Oxidative Stress in Normotensive Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background/Aims: The purpose of our study was to elucidate the relationship between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and intrarenal lesions and to determine the effect of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RAS-Is) on serum ADMA levels, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and oxidative stress in normotensive patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: This study included 23 normotensive patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and normal or mildly impaired renal function who underwent renal biopsy. We evaluated the relationship between serum ADMA levels and intrarenal lesions, and examined renal function, urinary protein excretion, ADMA levels, NO synthesis, oxidative stress and blood pressure (BP) before and 3 months after starting the treatment with RAS-Is. Results: Serum ADMA levels were correlated only with arterial intimal fibroplastic thickness. Despite comparable renal function and BP, serum ADMA levels and excretion of urinary protein excretion significantly decreased, and urinary NO metabolite excretion significantly increased after starting the treatment with RAS-Is. Oxidative stress markers also tended to be reduced by the treatment. Conclusion: These findings suggest that RAS-Is improve the NO system and decrease oxidative stress in normotensive patients with CKD. In addition, ADMA may be associated with intrarenal lesions and can be a useful marker for the effects of treatment in the early stages of CKD.
SEAGRASS POPULATION CONNECTIVITY IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

Seagrass plays important ecological roles and ecosystem services, yet degrading alarmingly in the South China Sea (SCS), one of the largest marginal seas of the Western Pacific. As connectivity is a vital component in population persistence, understanding of connectivity is of importance for effective seagrass conservation management. In the South China Sea, our understanding of connectivity is mainly based on studies in fishes and invertebrates. Connectivity in seagrass populations, on the other hand, is still poorly investigated. In this review, I predict that genetically structured population of seagrass is likely to occur in the SCS. Future research on seagrass connectivity should include (i) investigation on the pattern of connectivity at a local and broader-regional scale, and (ii) investigation on processes involved in the seagrass connectivity. These investigations are aimed to improve our knowledge of seagrass connectivity and to contribute in providing a solid framework for seagrass restoration/transplantation and spatial planning of seagrass management.
LOW-INPUT PINEAPPLE CROPS WITH HIGH QUALITY FRUIT: PROMISING IMPACTS OF LOCALLY INTEGRATED AND ORGANIC FERTILISATION COMPARED TO CHEMICAL FERTILISERS

SUMMARY Fruit and vegetable farming generally involves high levels of chemical inputs despite the fact that consumers are increasingly concerned about the sanitary and organoleptic aspects of fruit quality. Pineapple is largely subject to these issues since it is dominated by conventional monocropping with high levels of agrochemical inputs due to nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilisation, weed management, crop protection and flowering induction. However, low-input pineapple cropping systems are both rare and little documented. Our study aimed at replacing all or part of the chemical fertilisers used with local organic fertilisers. It was conducted on the cultivar ‘Queen Victoria’, without pesticides or herbicides, in Reunion Island. We compared the impacts of three fertilisation treatments on pineapple growth and yield, fruit quality traits, symptoms of two major fungal diseases in fruit and production costs and labour times: (i) conventional: NPK fertiliser at recommended doses (265.5 kg ha−1 N–10.53 kg ha−1 P–445.71 kg ha−1 K); (ii) integrated: Mucuna pruriens green manure (240.03 kg ha−1 N, 18.62 kg ha−1 P, 136.11 kg ha−1 K) incorporated into the soil and a half-dose of NPK fertiliser and (iii) organic: M. pruriens green manure incorporated into the soil and foliar applications of sugarcane vinasse from a local distillery, rich in K (14.44 g L−1). Our results showed that NPK fertilisation could be replaced by organic fertilisers as well as by integrated fertilisation. ‘D’-leaf analysis showed that vinasse supplies a largely sufficient K level for growing pineapples. With organic fertilisation, pineapple growth was slower, 199 days after planting vs. 149 days for integrated or conventional fertilisations, and fruit yield was lower, 47.25 t ha−1 vs. 52.51 and 61.24 t ha−1, probably because M. pruriens green manure provided an early increase in soil mineral N, whereas N requirements are much higher four months after planting. However, the fruit weight (709.94 ± 123.53 g) was still within the size range required for the export market (600–900 g). Interestingly, organic fertilisation significantly reduced Leathery Pocket disease and produced the best quality fruit with the highest total soluble solids contents (TSS) and the lowest titratable acidity (TTA). Fruit quality was also significantly improved with integrated fertilisation, with fruit weight similar to that of conventional fertilisation. To conclude, these findings have implications for the sustainability of pineapple production and could lead to low-input innovative cropping systems that reduce production costs and develop local organic inputs.
Adaptive flux observer for induction machines with on-line estimation of stator and rotor resistances

A nonlinear adaptive control algorithm is proposed for induction machines. It is based on a two time-scale observer that allows the on-line identification of three critical uncertain parameters, i.e., load torque and motor stator and rotor resistances. In addition, the set-point of the rotor flux is adjusted in order to minimize the Joule losses and to improve the power efficiency. Experimental results illustrate the feasibility of the developed approach.
Apex: An engine for dynamic adaptive policy execution

The advent of “Soft Networking”, where networks are composed of virtual nodes and links, promises to dramatically ease the definition and deployment of networks whilst allowing network applications that are limited only by the imagination of the developers of those applications. In such a dynamic environment, the Autonomic Management pattern supervised by policies has been recognised as holding more promise for management of Soft Networks than traditional techniques. We have proposed Dynamic Adaptive Policies as an approach to give classic policies the dynamicity and flexibility to manage such networks and whatever applications are running on them. In this paper, we describe our ongoing work on Apex, an engine that executes and administers Dynamic Adaptive Policies in a scalable and distributed manner.
Channel Capacity of MC-CDMA and Impact of Residual ICI

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), which uses a number of narrowband orthogonal sub-carriers, is a promising transmission technique. Also multi-carrier code division multi-access (MC-CDMA), which combines OFDM and frequency-domain spreading, has been attracting much attention as a future broadband wireless access. It was shown that MC-CDMA has lower channel capacity than OFDM, due to inter-code interference (ICI) resulting from orthogonality distortion caused by frequency-selective fading. Recently, many ICI cancellers have been proposed to mitigate the effect of ICI. In this paper, we derive a channel capacity expression for MC-CDMA assuming perfect ICI cancellation taking into account both frequency diversity gain and space diversity gain and compare it to that of OFDM. Furthermore, we derive a channel capacity expression for the case of imperfect ICI cancellation to discuss the impact of the residual ICI.
Costamere remodeling with muscle loading and unloading in healthy young men

Costameres are mechano‐sensory sites of focal adhesion in the sarcolemma that provide a structural anchor for myofibrils. Their turnover is regulated by integrin‐associated focal adhesion kinase (FAK). We hypothesized that changes in content of costamere components (beta 1 integrin, FAK, meta‐vinculin, gamma‐vinculin) with increased and reduced loading of human anti‐gravity muscle would: (i) relate to changes in muscle size and molecular parameters of muscle size regulation [p70S6K, myosin heavy chain (MHC)1 and MHCIIA]; (ii) correspond to adjustments in activity and expression of FAK, and its negative regulator, FRNK; and (iii) reflect the temporal response to reduced and increased loading. Unloading induced a progressive decline in thickness of human vastus lateralis muscle after 8 and 34 days of bedrest (−4% and −14%, respectively; n = 9), contrasting the increase in muscle thickness after 10 and 27 days of resistance training (+5% and +13%; n = 6). Changes in muscle thickness were correlated with changes in cross‐sectional area of type I muscle fibers (r = 0.66) and beta 1 integrin content (r = 0.76) at the mid‐point of altered loading. Changes in meta‐vinculin and FAK‐pY397 content were correlated (r = 0.85) and differed, together with the changes of beta 1 integrin, MHCI, MHCII and p70S6K, between the mid‐ and end‐point of resistance training. By contrast, costamere protein level changes did not differ between time points of bedrest. The findings emphasize the role of FAK‐regulated costamere turnover in the load‐dependent addition and removal of myofibrils, and argue for two phases of muscle remodeling with resistance training, which do not manifest at the macroscopic level.
Part of Speech Tagging and Local Word Grouping Techniques for Natural Language Parsing in Hindi

We present an algorithm for local word grouping to extricate fixed word order dependencies in Hindi sentences. Local word grouping is achieved by defining regular expressions for the word groups. Ambiguities occurring during word grouping are also resolved. Hindi being a free order language, fixed order word group extraction is essential for decreasing the load on the free word order parser. The parser paradigm being used is the computational Paninian model. Also, local word grouping achieved can be used to provide inputs to intonation and prosody modelling units for text to speech systems in Indian languages. Part of speech tagging is an essential requirement for local word grouping. We present another algorithm for part of speech tagging based on lexical sequence constraints in Hindi. The algorithm acts as the first level of part of speech tagger, using constraint propagation, based on ontological information and information from morphological analysis, and lexical rules.
Doppler ultrasonography of the uterine artery and the response to chemotherapy in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors.

PURPOSE Increasing new blood vessel formation (neoangiogenesis) within tumors is an adverse prognostic factor for survival in several cancers. Neoangiogenesis is usually determined histopathologically and not in vivo. To assess neoangiogenesis in vivo, we have used Doppler ultrasonography (US) to measure the uterine artery pulsatility index (UAPI) in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs). Here, we assess whether the UAPI can provide independent prognostic information predictive of methotrexate resistance (MTX-R), a drug central to the management of GTT. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN All patients treated for GTTs between March 1994 and January 1999 had their records reviewed to determine their pretreatment Charing Cross Hospital (CXH) prognostic score, uterine volume, the lowest UAPI of either uterine artery, number of metastases, and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentration. Of the 164 patients for whom all data were available, 47 subsequently developed MTX-R, defined as a plateaued or rising hCG in two consecutive samples. RESULTS UAPI, hCG, uterine volume, presence of metastases, and the overall CXH prognostic score were all predictive of MTX-R on univariate analysis. Moreover, the UAPI remained a significant independent predictor of MTX-R on multiple logistic regression analysis. After adjustment for the CXH prognostic score, the odds ratio for the risk of MTX-R in patients with a UAPI < or =1 compared with those with a UAPI >1 was 2.68 (95% confidence interval, 1.25-5.74; P = 0.01). The unadjusted odds ratio for the above comparison was 2.32 (95% confidence interval, 1.14-4.7; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The UAPI, as an indirect in vivo measure of functional tumor vascularity, independently predicts the response to chemotherapy in GTTs.
Women's knowledge of emergency contraception.

BACKGROUND More widespread use of emergency contraception could help to reduce the number of unwanted pregnancies. AIM The objective of this study was to assess women's knowledge of emergency contraception. METHOD A questionnaire was distributed to 1290 women aged between 16 and 50 years attending 14 general practice surgeries in London over a two-week period in 1990. RESULTS The response rate was 70%. Over three quarters of the women had heard of emergency contraception; these were mainly women who used contraception, who had higher educational qualifications or who were not Muslim. Women who were the most likely to need and to use emergency contraception--those using barrier methods--had no more accurate knowledge than women using any other method of contraception. Only 53% of barrier method users knew emergency contraception could be used as a backup when other methods failed. Only one fifth of women had heard about this method from their general practitioner or any other health professional, while half had obtained their information from the media. CONCLUSION These results suggest that including information on emergency contraception in consultations with users of barrier methods of contraception is a small step which general practitioners and practice nurses could take to increase the use of emergency contraception.
Complications of ERCP.

Principles of management: • Early diagnosis – high index of suspicion, CT scan and contrast studies • Surgery – oversewing of perforation, relief of any biliary obstruction and drainage of collections. Duodenal diversion if late diagnosis • Consider conservative or endoscopic/percutaneous measures if: Localised perforation with no extravasation No significant fluid collections No significant retroperitoneal emphysema Stable patient
Multi-Step Internet Traffic Forecasting Models with Variable Forecast Horizons for Proactive Network Management

The ISP (Internet Service Provider) industry relies heavily on internet traffic forecasting (ITF) for long-term business strategy planning and proactive network management. Effective ITF frameworks are necessary to manage these networks and prevent network congestion and over-provisioning. This study introduces an ITF model designed for proactive network management. It innovatively combines outlier detection and mitigation techniques with advanced gradient descent and boosting algorithms, including Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGB), CatBoost Regressor (CBR), and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). In contrast to traditional methods that rely on synthetic datasets, our model addresses the problems caused by real aberrant ISP traffic data. We evaluated our model across varying forecast horizons—six, nine, and twelve steps—demonstrating its adaptability and superior predictive accuracy compared to traditional forecasting models. The integration of the outlier detection and mitigation module significantly enhances the model’s performance, ensuring robust and accurate predictions even in the presence of data volatility and anomalies. To guarantee that our suggested model works in real-world situations, our research is based on an extensive experimental setup that uses real internet traffic monitoring from high-speed ISP networks.
Constrained spacecraft attitude control on SO(3) using fast nonlinear model predictive control

In this paper, a fast solver for the optimization problem arising in the nonlinear model predictive control of spacecraft attitude is developed and simulation results of its application to constrained spacecraft attitude control are presented. The solver exploits the numerical solution of the necessary conditions for optimality in a discrete-time optimal control problem defined over a prediction horizon, where the discrete-time dynamics are based on the Lie group variational integrator model. The inequality constraints (thrust constraint, inclusion/exclusion zone constraints, etc.) are handled using a penalty function approach. Our developments exploit the geometric mechanics and control formalism.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Cooperative Caching for GPUs

The rise of general-purpose computing on GPUs has inﬂuenced architectural innovation on GPUs. The introduction of an on-chip cache hierarchy is one such innovation. High L1 miss rates on GPUs, however, indicate inefﬁcient cache usage due to myriad factors such as cache thrashing and extensive multithreading. Such high L1 miss rates in turn place high demands on the shared L2 bandwidth. Extensive congestion in the L2 access path, therefore, results in high memory access latencies. In memory-intensive applications, these latencies get exposed due to a lack of active compute threads to mask such high latencies. In this paper, we aim to reduce the pressure on the shared L2 bandwidth, thereby reduce the memory access latencies that lie in the critical path. We identify signiﬁcant replication of data among private L1 caches, presenting an opportunity to reuse data among the L1s. We further show how this reuse can be exploited via an L1 Cooperative Caching Network (CCN), thereby reducing the bandwidth demand on the L2. In the proposed architecture, we connect the L1 caches with a lightweight ring network to facilitate inter-core communication of shared data. We show that this technique reduces trafﬁc to the L2 cache by an average of 29%, freeing up the bandwidth for other accesses. We also show that CCN reduces the average memory latency by 24%, thereby reducing core stall cycles by 26% on average. This translates into an overall performance improvement of 14.7% on average (and up to 49%) for applications that exhibit reuse across L1 caches. In doing so, CCN incurs a nominal area and energy overhead of 1.3% and 2.5% respectively. Notably, the performance improvement with our proposed CCN compares favourably to the performance improvement achieved by simply doubling the number of L2 banks by up to 34%.
3D Face recognition using Corresponding Point Direction Measure and depth local features

A new scheme for 3D face recognition is presented in this paper. Firstly, we use Iterative Closet Point (ICP) to align all 3D faces with the first 3D face. Secondly, we reduce noise, especially the noise which in front of the face, and remove the spikes. Then we detect the nose tip point. Once the nose tip is successfully found, we crop a region, which is defined by a sphere radius of 100 mm centered at the nose tip. Then we use the Corresponding Point Direction Measure (CPDM) to matching the 3D face with the gallery 3D faces and get the score. At the same time, we use the region to construct depth image, and get the Gabor feature, LBP feature, principle component of the depth image. Finally, we fuse the CPDM result, Gabor feature, LBP feature, and principle component of depth image to finish the recognition. This paper presents a new method for matching 3D face and a new scheme for 3D face recognition. Experiments demonstrated the efficiency and effectiveness of the new method.
Resource Allocation Optimization for Users with Different Levels of Service in Multicarrier Systems

We optimize the throughput of a single cell multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system with proportional data rate fairness among the users. The concept is to support mobile users with different levels of service. The optimization problem is a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, which is computationally very expensive. We propose a novel and efficient near-optimal solution adopting a two-phase optimization approach that separates the subcarrier and power allocation. In the first phase, we relax the strict proportional data rate requirements and employ an iterative subcarrier allocation approach that coarsely satisfies desired data rate proportionality constraints. In the second phase, we reallocate the power among the users in an iterative way to further enhance the adherence to the desired proportions by exploiting the normalized proportionality deviation measure. The simulation results show that the proposed solution exhibits very strong adherence to the desired proportional data rate fairness while achieving higher system throughput compared to the other existing solutions.
Forgetting and Uniform Interpolation in Large-Scale Description Logic Terminologies

We develop a framework for forgetting concepts and roles (aka uniform interpolation) in terminologies in the lightweight description logic ƐL extended with role inclusions and domain and range restrictions. Three different notions of forgetting, preserving, respectively, concept inclusions, concept instances, and answers to conjunctive queries, with corresponding languages for uniform interpolants are investigated. Experiments based on SNOMED CT (Systematised Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms) and NCI (National Cancer Institute Ontology) demonstrate that forgetting is often feasible in practice for large-scale terminologies.