Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Watermarking techniques for IP identification based on testing in SOC design at behavioural level

This paper proposes a watermarking scheme for intellectual property (IP) identification based on testing method in soc design. The core concept is embedding the watermarking generating circuit (WGC) and test circuit (TC) in to the soft IP core at the behavioural design level. Therefore this scheme can successfully survive synthesis, placement and routing and can identify the IP core at various design levels. The IP core does not change after manufactured the chip also. This method adopts current main system-on-chip (SOC). The identity of the IP is proven during the general test process without implementing any extra extraction flow. After the chip has been manufactured and packaged, it is still easy to detect the identification of the IP provider without the need of microphotograph. This approaches entail low hardware overhead, tracking costs, The proposed method solves the IP-identification problem.
Horizontal Innovation Networks - By and For Users

Innovation development, production, distribution and consumption networks can be built up horizontally—with actors consisting only of innovation users (more precisely, “user/self-manufacturers”). Some open source software projects are examples of such networks, and examples can be found in the case of physical products as well. In this article, we discuss three conditions under which user innovation networks can function entirely independently of manufacturers. We then explore related empirical evidence, and conclude that conditions favorable to horizontal user innovation networks are often present in the economy. Copyright 2007 , Oxford University Press.
Altered cell wall morphology in nutrient‐deficient phytoplankton and its impact on grazers

Grazing experiments were performed with the zooplankters Daphnia pulex and Daphnia magna feeding on nitrogen‐ and phosphorus‐limited cells of two green algae (Chtamydomonas reinhardtii and Selenastrum capricornutum). To analyze the role of the cell wall structure in digestibility of the algae by Daphnia, the same experiments were carried out with both wild‐type C. reinhardtii and a cell wall‐deficient mutant.
Registry Evaluation of Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis

Digital ulcers are a very frequent complication of systemic sclerosis affecting about half of the SSc patients, and about 75% of the affected patients have their first DU episode within 5 years from their first non-Raynaud symptom. The lack of adequate classification criteria as well as the lack of knowledge of the development of DU have contributed to the opening of specific registries to better understand the natural history of these lesions. For these reason, specific disease registries play a fundamental role in this field of research. Thanks to the systematic collection of data and their subsequent analysis and comparison between different cohorts, it is possible to improve understanding of the underlying trigger mechanisms of DU development and to determine temporal trends. In the future, the development of recommendations for the management of DU remains of pivotal importance to prevent DU development and obtain rapid healing as well as reduction of pain and disability.
On oxytocin and social behavior

Complex social cognitive processes underlie social behavior. Oxytocin has long been recognized as crucial in social behavior in animals, but its role in regulating human social cognition and behavior is less clear, particularly with regard to endogenous oxytocin. The aims of this thesis were to investigate (i) how endogenous oxytocin affects face and emotion recognition in humans, (ii) how it may modulate social impairments in autism spectrum disorder and antisocial behavior, (iii) how exogenous (intranasal) oxytocin may influence the salience of human faces, and finally (iv) the role of endogenous oxytocin in zebrafish social behavior. We investigated endogenous oxytocin by studying genetic variation in oxytocinrelated genes, and found that oxytocin influences social cognition in humans, specifically via modulation of face recognition (Paper I) and via modulation of emotion recognition in women (Paper II). In addition, we found tentative associations between variation in oxytocin-related genes and autistic-like traits in the general population (Paper III), and showed that variation in the oxytocin receptor gene is associated with antisocial behavior in men (Paper IV). We also showed that exogenous (intranasal) oxytocin acts to increase the salience of human faces (Paper V), a mechanism that may underlie its behavioral effects. Finally, we demonstrated that an oxytocin receptor antagonist decreases social preference in adult and larval zebrafish (Paper VI). In conclusion, this thesis confirms the importance of endogenous oxytocin for social cognition in humans, and demonstrates one mechanism by which exogenous oxytocin may act. Furthermore, we established an animal model for future research on the oxytocin system.
Trustworthiness and authentication in ubiquitous computing

In a pervasive computing environment, principle authentication verifies if a person is the one he claims to be. However, being sure that you are talking to the expected entity does not mean this entity is trusted to do what you expect him to do, and only that. This paper discusses trust, trustworthiness, authentication and trustworthy authentication in ubiquitous and pervasive computing. The approach for implementing trustworthy authentication and related work are also presented.
Neighborhood Effects in Wind Farm Performance: A Regression Approach

The optimization of turbine density in wind farms entails a trade-off between the usage of scarce, expensive land and power losses through turbine wake effects. A quantification and prediction of the wake effect, however, is challenging because of the complex aerodynamic nature of the interdependencies of turbines. In this paper, we propose a parsimonious data driven regression wake model that can be used to predict production losses of existing and potential wind farms. Motivated by simple engineering wake models, the predicting variables are wind speed, the turbine alignment angle, and distance. By utilizing data from two wind farms in Germany, we show that our models can compete with the standard Jensen model in predicting wake effect losses. A scenario analysis reveals that a distance between turbines can be reduced by up to three times the rotor size, without entailing substantial production losses. In contrast, an unfavorable configuration of turbines with respect to the main wind direction can result in production losses that are much higher than in an optimal case.
A review of a school psychologist's roles in the implementation of an RTI system

As schools continue to move into this era of accountability, they must consider system level changes that will address the needs of students as a whole. Using the problem solving model through a system of Response to Intervention (Rtl) , schools can use data to monitor discrepancies between expectations of learning and actual student outcomes. Not only can individual student data be used to problem solve about students but also, aggregated data as a whole can help inform system level decision making to reach accountability goals. Moving to a system of Rtl takes many system level changes that can be daunting for school personnel. Often the system level skills and knowledge of a school psychologist are underutilized in this process. School psychologists can play a role throughout the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages of Rtl by providing guidance through professional development, data mentoring, and program evaluation. A review of the literature helps support school psychologists in these roles as well as provides guidance about how to facilitate change to an Rtl system. A REVIEW OF A SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGIST'S ROLES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AN RTI SYSTEM
Comparison between single antiplatelet therapy and combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy for secondary prevention in ischemic stroke patients with antiphospholipid syndrome

Satisfactory results have not yet been obtained in therapy for secondary prevention in ischemic stroke patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). We therefore compared single antiplatelet therapy and a combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy for secondary prevention in ischemic stroke patients with APS. The subjects were 20 ischemic stroke patients with antiphospholipid antibody, 13 with primary antiphospholipid syndrome and 7 with SLE-related antiphospholipid syndrome. Diagnosis of APS was based on the 2006 Sydney criteria. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either single antiplatelet therapy (aspirin 100 mg) or a combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy (target INR: 2.0-3.0; mean 2.4±0.3) for the secondary prevention of stroke according to a double-blind protocol. There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, gender, NIH Stroke Scale on admission, mRS at discharge, or rate of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, or cardiac disease. We obtained Kaplan-Meier survival curves for each treatment. The primary outcome was the occurrence of stroke. The mean follow-up time was 3.9±2.0 years. The cumulative incidence of stroke in patients with single antiplatelet treatment was statistically significantly higher than that in patients receiving the combination of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy (log-rank test, p-value=0.026). The incidence of hemorrhagic complications was similar in the two groups. The recent APASS study did not show any difference in effectiveness for secondary prevention between single antiplatelet (aspirin) and single anticoagulant (warfarin) therapy. Our results indicate that combination therapy may be more effective in APS-related ischemic stroke.
On-Machine 3D Reconstruction Using Monocular Stereo Vision System

This paper proposes a new 3D reconstruction method of on-machine workepieces images based on projective rectifications. A set of monocular stereo system which uses a five-dimensional manipulator carrying a CCD camera was established on the NC milling machine. Projective rectification was used to stereo match in virtue of dimension reduction of match search. 3D reconstruction of the on-machine workpiece are carried out including steps of system calibration, projective rectification, image transformation, image matching and depth calculation. The application results show that this method can make full use of digital controlled machine tool feed movements to realize the measuring and manufacturing integration.
The Problem of Sample Representativeness for Conducting Experimental and Broad Psychological Research

The article is devoted to the problem of creating a representative sample of respondents in the course of experimental and broad psycholinguistic research, first of all, its quantitative composition and structure. The primary method of research was the psycholinguistic experiment, the main stage of which is a free association experiment with "playfulness" as a stimulus word. The use of mathematical and statistical procedures confirmed the hypothesis and helped to achieve the goal. The hypothesis of the experimental psycholinguistic research into "playfulness" stimulus as a stable personality trait was to prove the effectiveness of applying specific strategies to determine the representative quantitative composition of samples by means of comparing the frequency of the studied characteristics. In terms of theoretical substantiation, the approaches to the determination of the quantitative composition of the experimental sample and the statistical calculations based on the results of the practical research into associative reactions to the stimulus "playfulness", it is proved that as the size of the sample decreases, the distinction grows, meaning that groups with fewer respondents do not reflect all the characteristics of the general population. The assumption was proved that the number of 100 people or close to that could not meet this requirement in the case of extensive research, the minimum size of the sample should be about 400-500 people, though this number is not always sufficient either. The sufficient quantitative composition of the experimental sample, in large general populations, varies from 400 to 1500 persons and depends on the quantitative and qualitative structure of the general population and the organizational peculiarities of the research. So, the sample should be enough to meet the requirement, which is to reflect the main tendencies and characteristics of both the general population and the purpose of the study.
Alternative Invariants for the Embedded Resolution of Purely Inseparable Surface Singularities

The article investigates the behaviour of the characteristic zero resolution invariant when transcribed suitably to the case of surfaces in positive characteristic. By Moh's jumping phenomenon -- or the occurrence of kangaroo singularities -- one knows that the invariant may increase, thus destroying any induction. We describe in the paper how one can modify in the purely inseparable surface case the invariant by adding a subtle correction term so as to prohibit its occasional increases and to establish the induction argument again.
Neighbor search with global geometry: a minimax message passing algorithm

Neighbor search is a fundamental task in machine learning, especially in classification and retrieval. Efficient nearest neighbor search methods have been widely studied, with their emphasis on data structures but most of them did not consider the underlying global geometry of a data set. Recent graph-based semi-supervised learning methods capture the global geometry, but suffer from scalability and parameter tuning problems. In this paper we present a (nearest) neighbor search method where the underlying global geometry is incorporated and the parameter tuning is not required. To this end, we introduce deterministic walks as a deterministic counterpart of Markov random walks, leading us to use the minimax distance as a global dissimilarity measure. Then we develop a message passing algorithm for efficient minimax distance calculation, which scales linearly in both time and space. Empirical study reveals the useful behavior of the method in image retrieval and semi-supervised learning.
A Sensor Middleware for integration of heterogeneous medical devices

In this paper, the architecture of a modular, service-oriented, Sensor Middleware for data acquisition and processing is presented. The described solution was developed with the purpose of solving two increasingly relevant problems in the context of modern pHealth systems: i) to aggregate a number of heterogeneous, off-the-shelf, devices from which clinical measurements can be acquired and ii) to provide access and integration with an 802.15. 4 network of wearable sensors. The modular nature of the Middleware provides the means to easily integrate pre-processing algorithms into processing pipelines, as well as new drivers for adding support for new sensor devices or communication technologies. Tests performed with both real and artificially generated data streams show that the presented solution is suitable for use both in a Windows PC or a Windows Mobile PDA with minimal overhead.
High Quality Plasmonic Sensors Based on Fano Resonances Created through Cascading Double Asymmetric Cavities

In this paper, a type of compact nanosensor based on a metal-insulator-metal structure is proposed and investigated through cascading double asymmetric cavities, in which their metal cores shift along different axis directions. The cascaded asymmetric structure exhibits high transmission and sharp Fano resonance peaks via strengthening the mutual coupling of the cavities. The research results show that with the increase of the symmetry breaking in the structure, the number of Fano resonances increase accordingly. Furthermore, by modulating the geometrical parameters appropriately, Fano resonances with high sensitivities to the changes in refractive index can be realized. A maximum figure of merit (FoM) value of 74.3 is obtained. Considerable applications for this work can be found in bio/chemical sensors with excellent performance and other nanophotonic integrated circuit devices such as optical filters, switches and modulators.
Working Paper No . 2012 / 16 Foreign Aid and Democratic Consolidation in Zambia

The study examines Zambia’s evolving aid relationship in relation to the country’s democratic trajectory. The impact of aid in terms of democratic consolidation is linked to the development of the party system, the efficacy of key democratic institutions, and accountability in relation to tolerance of participation by the media and civil society in the political process. The study suggests that there are many good reasons for so-called traditional donors to phase out aid to Zambia. Zambia has recorded economic growth for the most part of this decade, but poverty levels still stand at near 70 per cent and both equity issues and poor human development indicators provide reasons for concern. The study cautions against an aid exit at a time when economic growth and new foreign partners may strengthen the executive office vis-à-vis civil society, opposition and agencies of restraint. The study argues for an enhanced emphasis on democracy assistance that may strengthen stakeholders and institutions with capacity to hold the executive to account for their policy actions in terms of development.
Comparison of feature based segmentation of full polarimetric SAR satellite sea ice images with manually drawn ice charts

Abstract. In this paper we investigate the performance of an algorithm for automatic segmentation of full polarimetric, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sea ice scenes. The algorithm uses statistical and polarimetric properties of the backscattered radar signals to segment the SAR image into a specified number of classes. This number was determined in advance from visual inspection of the SAR image and by available in situ measurements. The segmentation result was then compared to ice charts drawn by ice service analysts. The comparison revealed big discrepancies between the charts of the analysts, and between the manual and the automatic segmentations. In the succeeding analysis, the automatic segmentation chart was labeled into ice types by sea ice experts, and the SAR features used in the segmentation were interpreted in terms of physical sea ice properties. Utilizing polarimetric information in sea ice charting will increase the efficiency and exactness of the maps. The number of classes used in the segmentation has shown to be of significant importance. Thus, studies of automatic and robust estimation of the number of ice classes in SAR sea ice scenes will be highly relevant for future work.
Alterations in microbiota and fermentation products in equine large intestine in response to dietary variation and intestinal disease

We aimed to determine the effects of variations in dietary composition on equine gut microbiota and their fermentation products, and proposed that dietary modifications profoundly affect microbial ecosystems and their metabolites. Bacterial communities within the large intestine of three groups of horses were compared using oligonucleotide-RNA hybridisation methodology. Each group consisting of six horses was maintained on (1) a grass-only diet, (2) a concentrate diet (i.e. supplemented with hydrolysable carbohydrates) and (3) a concentrate diet but horses were affected by simple colonic obstruction and distension (SCOD), a prevalent form of dietary-induced intestinal disease. We show that in response to dietary change and intestinal disease, there is a progressive and significant increase in Lachnospiraceae, the Bacteroidetes assemblage and the lactic acid-producing, Bacillus–Lactobacillus–Streptococcus (BLS) group. In contrast, there is a corresponding decrease in the proportion of obligate fibrolytic, acid-intolerant bacteria, Fibrobacter and Ruminococcaceae. Assessment of monocarboxylic acids indicated that there are significantly higher concentrations of lactic acid in the colonic contents of horses maintained on a concentrate diet and those suffering from SCOD, correlating with the observed increase in the population abundance of the BLS group. However, the population size of the Veillonellaceae (lactate utilisers) remained constant in each study group. The inability of this group to respond to increased lactic acid may be a contributory factor to the build-up of lactic acid observed in horses fed a concentrate diet and those suffering from SCOD.
Information and Search in Computer Chess

The article describes a model of chess based on information theory. A mathematical model of the partial depth scheme is outlined and a formula for the partial depth added for each ply is calculated from the principles of the model. An implementation of alpha-beta with partial depth is given. The method is tested using an experimental strategy having as objective to show the effect of allocation of a higher amount of search resources on areas of the search tree with higher information. The search proceeds in the direction of lines with higher information gain. The effects on search performance of allocating higher search resources on lines with higher information gain are tested experimentaly and conclusive results are obtained. In order to isolate the effects of the partial depth scheme no other heuristic is used.
The use of misoprostol for cervical priming prior to hysteroscopy: a systematic review and analysis

The effects of misoprostol use on cervical priming prior to hysteroscopy have been controversial. Therefore, a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies were conducted to assess the effect of misoprostol on cervical priming prior to hysteroscopy. All studies published before July 2014 with data related to the use of misoprostol for cervical priming compared with placebo or no medication prior to hysteroscopy, were identified. Twenty-five randomized controlled trials involving 2,203 females were systematically analyzed. The results showed that, compared with placebo or no medication, the use of misoprostol prior to hysteroscopy led to a significant relief of the need for cervical dilatation, resulted in a significantly greater cervical width, had fewer hysteroscopy complications, and mild and insignificant side effects. Subgroup analyses revealed that the regimen of 200 or 400 μg vaginal misoprostol may be a simple and effective method for cervical priming, especially prior to operative hysteroscopy.
The Risk of Tuberculosis in Korean Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Receiving Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Blockers

The aims of this study were to assess the risk of tuberculosis (TB) and the status of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in Korean patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α blockers. We reviewed medical records of 525 Korean IBD patients (365 TNF-α blocker naïve and 160 TNF-α blocker exposed) between January 2001 and December 2013. The crude incidence of TB was significantly higher in IBD patients receiving TNF-α blockers compared to TNF-α-blocker-naïve patients (3.1% vs. 0.3%, P=0.011). The mean incidence of TB per 1,000 patient-years was 1.84 for the overall IBD population, 4.89 for TNF-α blocker users, and 0.45 for TNF-α-blocker-naïve patients. The adjusted risk ratio of TB in IBD patients receiving TNF-α blocker was 11.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.36-101.3). Pulmonary TB was prevalent in patients treated with TNF-α blockers (80.0%, 4/5). LTBI was diagnosed in 17 (10.6%) patients, and none of the 17 LTBI patients experienced reactivation of TB during treatment with TNF-α blockers. Treatment with TNF-α blockers significantly increased the risk of TB in IBD patients in Korea. De novo pulmonary TB infection was more prevalent than reactivation of LTBI, suggesting an urgent need for specific recommendations regarding TB monitoring during TNF-α blocker therapy. Graphical Abstract