Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Limited Feedback Channel Estimation in Massive MIMO With Non-Uniform Directional Dictionaries

Channel state information (CSI) at the base station (BS) is crucial to achieve beamforming and multiplexing gains in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. State-of-the-art limited feedback schemes require feedback overhead that scales linearly with the number of BS antennas, which is prohibitive for 5G massive MIMO. This paper proposes novel limited feedback algorithms that lift this burden by exploiting the inherent sparsity in double-directional MIMO channel representation using overcomplete dictionaries. These dictionaries are associated with angle of arrival and angle of departure that specifically account for antenna directivity patterns at both ends of the link. The proposed algorithms achieve satisfactory channel estimation accuracy using a small number of feedback bits, even when the number of transmit antennas at the BS is large—making them ideal for 5G massive MIMO. Judicious simulations reveal that they outperform a number of popular feedback schemes and underscore the importance of using angle dictionaries matching the given antenna directivity patterns, as opposed to uniform dictionaries. The proposed algorithms are lightweight in terms of computation, especially on the user equipment side, making them ideal for actual deployment in 5G systems.
Scratching the surface: a review of skin and soft tissue infections in children

Purpose of review We present data from recently conducted research on the diagnosis and management of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in children. Recent findings Current research in the area of SSTIs (cellulitis and abscess) has focused on the use of ultrasound, risk factors associated with bacteremia, antibiotic choice, and incision and drainage (I&D) practices. When clinical examination is equivocal at distinguishing abscess from cellulitis, ultrasound can aid in the diagnosis and alter management. Bacteremia is rare in immunocompetent children with uncomplicated SSTIs; blood cultures may be reserved for complicated cases and for those who are systemically ill. Despite the increased prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA), I&D without antibiotics remains the first-line therapy for abscess. Antibiotics for uncomplicated cellulitis should target &bgr;-hemolytic streptococci and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). There are significant variations in pain and sedation practices for I&D, with substantive evidence for the use of topical anesthetics. Wound packing after I&D may not confer significant benefit. Summary Evidence to aid in the diagnosis and management of SSTIs in children has emerged in recent years; however, larger prospective pediatric studies are needed.
LBDR 3 D : Fault Tolerant Routing scheme for 3 D NoCs

The reliable and scalable design for Network on chips (NoCs) usually uses mesh topologies. But the increase of the number of cores integration on a single chip increases network diameter and introduces power and area constraints in designing system-on-chips. Thus 3D NoCs an alternating interconnect technology has been introduced which sustains growth and performance with increased cores integration. But 3D NoCs faces fault issues due to fabrication defects, component failures, power saving schemes, heterogeneous cores and technology integration on different layers which may lead to irregular topologies. Thus to design efficient routing algorithms for such irregular 3D NoCs becomes a challenge. This paper provides Logic Based Distributed Routing for 3D NoCs (LBDR3D) which extend the capabilities of Logic Based Distributed Routing of 2D NoCs for handling faults in 3D NoCs. The Logic Based Distributed Routing is topology agnostic in nature and works efficiently for handling faults in 2D mesh topology but fails to work in 3D NoCs. The paper provides a new circuit LBDR3D that provides routing implementation and eliminates the need of routing tables for routing and handling faults in regular 3D mesh NoCs. Experimental results show that LBDR3D mimic the performance of 3D NoCs routing algorithms and provide fault tolerance without any routing tables.
A Lexicographic Evaluation of German Adjective-Noun Collocations

This paper describes a small database of 1,252 German adjective-noun combinations, which have been annotated by professional lexicographers with respect to their collocational status and their usefulness for the compilation of a bilingual dictionary. The database is a random sample taken from the most frequent (f ≥ 20) adjective-noun pairs in a standard newspaper corpus (Frankfurter Rundschau). It is particularly useful for the evaluation and development of ranking techniques for multiword candidates. Suitable corpus frequency data (instances of adjective-noun cooccurrences from the same corpus) are made available together with the database.
A New Method of Measuring Propagation Coefficients and Characteristic Impedance in Blood Vessels

True propagation coefficients of pulse wave harmonics in an artery can be determined in vivo by measuring pulsatile blood pressure and flow at each of two points along the length of the vessel. These coefficients, which are complex numbers that describe the attenuation and the phase shift imposed on a traveling wave, are independent of the reflected waves in the circulation and thus provide information about the viscoelastic state and other properties of an artery. The equations involved are implicit in standard transmission-line theory, but they have not previously been applied in this particular way to blood vessels. The femoral artery, exposed in situ, was studied in 11 anesthetized dogs. At 1.5 Hz, true attenuation constants averaged 0.0151 nepers/cm, and true phase constants averaged 0.0155 radians/cm. As frequency increased, the apparent phase velocity of pressure fell, an observation made previously by others. The apparent phase velocity of flow, in contrast, was relatively low at the first harmonic and rose as frequency increased. True phase velocities lay between the apparent pressure and flow values. Characteristic impedance at 1.5 Hz had an average modulus of 1.76 x 10 dyne sec/cm and a phase of −0.31 radians. The modulus diminished as frequency increased, and the phase became less negative. These results show that true phase constants and characteristic impedances determined by this method are consistent with data reported by others and provide information not previously available about flow wave propagation.
Communications of the IIMA Communications

Globalization and the growth of multinational corporations, coupled with advanced information technology have brought GVTs (GVT’s) into the spotlight. The authors examine prior research on group technologies, group structures and group decision making to develop a framework for research on GVT’s. Literature is reviewed and the approaches are examined in terms of their strengths and weaknesses in providing criteria for team effectiveness. A framework is presented to suggest paths researchers may take in determining factors including knowledge, skills, and abilities that may improve GVT outcomes
Food Production and Post Harvest Losses of Food Grains in India

The prevention of food wasted is enough o resolves hunger crises hunger crises. Food is the primary need to sustains the of human being life. Although, many techniques are engages to increase to food production and prevents of hunger and malnutrition of population. Presently, we produce sufficient agriculture food production, by using irrigation, pesticides, chemical fertilizer and high yielding variety. But these, are not seem to meet the enough food demands of present and future population. To encounter the hunger and secure food and nutritional security to need increasing the production and productivity, by using limited resources in sustainable manner and ensure the security of natural resources. The increasing productivity is the obvious choice to supply of food to increasing population. The other alternate way to provided food of available and increased population, the maximum efficiency use of every unit of resources including preventing pre and post harvest losses from insect-pests and diseases, proper and scientific storage of agriculture produces. Because post harvest losses about 30 % of the crops due to this reason. One third of total foods production annual wasted due to lack of proper infrastructure unscientific handling. The total food lost, wasted in each year in the more than which would be solving the four times hunger crises of population. In the present review article focused on production and losses of agricultural produces.
An Econometric Time-Series Analysis of the Dynamic Relationship among Trade, Financial Development and Economic Growth in India

The present research study is conducted to examine the relationship among Financial Development, international trade and economic growth evolution in India. This study has focused on important considerable variables are real GDP, a substitution for economic growth, export services, import services, international trade, gross capital formation and exchange rate as independent variables. Commonly, the nations which trade is more have been seen to have a great progress pathway and great positive impact will be there on economic and financial development. Further the study is to examine if there is any exists a long run affiliation among various financial development, trade growth and other macroeconomic variables development in India for the period 2000 to 2018. In this connection of above para the paper adopted the Johansen co-integration method, KPSS, ADF and PP to establish the survival of a long run affiliation among financial development, economic growth and trade variables and is used to check the sequence of integration of the variables and Johansen co-integration approach is to examine the long run association among selected variables. The way of causality between variable is tested by Granger causality test. It is established that all of the variables are non-stationary and the examination confirm for a long run affiliation among international trade, financial development and economic growth. The outcomes of the research paper signpost that financial development, trade and economic development are co-integrated, but the affiliation is supported by the constancy of the macroeconomic policy subsequently undesirable macroeconomic variables such as escalating inflation can constrain economic growth. Keywords: Financial, Economic, Trade, co-integration, ADF, KPSS and PP
Effect of Secondary School Fees on Educational Attainment

In this study, the heterogeneity of the fee abolition process in West German secondary schools is used to identify the effect of school fees on educational attainment and to obtain an estimate of the price elasticity of upper secondary education. The analysis is based on representative individual‐level data from three annual surveys of the German Mikrozensus. While coefficients cannot be estimated precisely, the results suggest that, on average, upper secondary school attainment increased by at least 8 percent in response to the fee abolition. The educational attainment of females appears to be more price sensitive than that of males.
Interest group policy goals and electoral involvement : lessons from legislative primary challenges

Elections are one way in which interest groups seek to advance their policy goals. Policy studies and election studies have approached this issue differently, leaving unanswered questions about the relationship between interest group policy goals and electoral involvement. This report helps to fill the gaps by applying conventional wisdom to the unstudied question of interest group support for primary challengers. Its findings amend the conventional wisdom in a few key ways. While legislative access does have a negative effect on challenger support, a group-specific measure of access rather than a type-based inference shows the effect to extend beyond groups traditionally thought of as access-seekers. Further, interest in legislative access does not preclude targeted support for challengers by these groups. This suggests that groups may be more sensitive to political circumstances and willing to achieve policy goals through elections than previously thought.
Comparison of Different Discontinuous PWM Technique for Switching Losses Reduction in Modular Multilevel Converters

 Abstract — The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is one of the advanced topologies for medium and high-voltage applications. In high-power, high-voltage MMC, a large number of switching power devices are required. These switching power devices (IGBT) considerable switching losses. This paper analyzes the performance of different discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM) techniques and compares the results against a conventional carrier based pulse width modulation method, in order to reduce the switching losses of an MMC. The DPWM reference wave can be generated by adding the zero-sequence component to the original (sine) reference modulation signal. The result of the addition gives the reference signal of DPWM techniques. To minimize the switching losses of the MMC, the clamping period is controlled according to the absolute value of the output load current. No switching is generated in the clamping period so overall switching of the power device is reduced. The simulation result of the different DPWM techniques is compared with conventional carrier-based pulse-width modulation technique.
Ontogeny of aerial righting and wing flapping in juvenile birds

Mechanisms of aerial righting in juvenile Chukar Partridge (Alectoris chukar) were studied from hatching through 14 days-post-hatching (dph). Asymmetric movements of the wings were used from 1–8 dph to effect progressively more successful righting behaviour via body roll. Following 8 dph, wing motions transitioned to bilaterally symmetric flapping that yielded aerial righting via nose-down pitch, along with substantial increases in vertical force production during descent. Ontogenetically, the use of such wing motions to effect aerial righting precedes both symmetric flapping and a previously documented behaviour in chukar (i.e., wing-assisted incline running) hypothesized to be relevant to incipient flight evolution in birds. These findings highlight the importance of asymmetric wing activation and controlled aerial manoeuvres during bird development, and are potentially relevant to understanding the origins of avian flight.
Functional Genomics of the Regulation of the Nitrate Assimilation Pathway in Chlamydomonas1

The existence of mutants at specific steps in a pathway is a valuable tool of functional genomics in an organism. Heterologous integration occurring during transformation with a selectable marker in Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) has been used to generate an ordered mutant library. A strain, having a chimeric construct (pNia1::arylsulfatase gene) as a sensor of the Nia1 gene promoter activity, was transformed with a plasmid bearing the paramomycin resistance AphVIII gene to generate insertional mutants defective at regulatory steps of the nitrate assimilation pathway. Twenty-two thousand transformants were obtained and maintained in pools of 96 for further use. The mutant library was screened for the following phenotypes: insensitivity to the negative signal of ammonium, insensitivity to the positive signal of nitrate, overexpression in nitrate, and inability to use nitrate. Analyses of mutants showed that (1) the number or integrated copies of the gene marker is close to 1; (2) the probability of cloning the DNA region at the marker insertion site is high (76%); (3) insertions occur randomly; and (4) integrations at different positions and orientations of the same genomic region appeared in at least three cases. Some of the mutants analyzed were found to be affected at putative new genes related to regulatory functions, such as guanylate cyclase, protein kinase, peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, or DNA binding. The Chlamydomonas mutant library constructed would also be valuable to identify any other gene with a screenable phenotype.
The Role of NSAIDs in Impaired Osseointegration in Dental Implant Prosthodontics

Objective: To appraise whether adverse events following oral implant placement may be associated with peri-operative use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Methods: All patients with recorded implant failures between 1979 and 2012 in the Implant Prosthodontics Unit were contacted to solicit additional information about potential perioperative use of NSAIDs. Results: From a total of 168 patients with 292 implant failures between 1979 and 2012, 122 consented to participate and had intact records. Just over half (56.6%) reported no peri-operative NSAID usage. However, compared to patients who did not use peri-operative NSAIDs, four times as many had complicated medical histories and twice as many patients taking NSAIDs suffered multiple implant failures. Conclusions: Patients with a variety of systemic diseases may be adversely affected by the inhibitory effect of NSAIDs on bone healing. Further prospective clinical studies are warranted to clarify this potential causative relationship in humans.
Author ' s personal copy The application of fuzzy control on energy saving for multi-unit room airconditioners

Most research, on energy saving methods for air-conditioners have focused on large chillers as its subject. As most school offices, laboratories, and classrooms are equipped with unitary systems for air-conditioning, this paper discusses methods for energy savings with regard to unitary systems. This paper will put forward the fuzzy temperature control method for multi-unit air-conditioners to enhance energy efficiency. The results show that the use of fuzzy control is efficient for energy saving as well as causing temperature control be steadier, even if there is a change to the thermal loading, the fuzzy control system is able to control the air-conditioning in stable conditions. 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
The Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours of European Golf Tourists

Environmental attitudes and behaviours have received relatively little attention in golf tourism, compared to other tourism research areas. Golf tourism provides products and services based on nature, and they should focus on the environment. Golf has become increasingly important in the development of European tourism within the last decade. Moreover, golf is one of the primary motivations for European tourists in the sports tourism sector. This study is based on a sample of 431 golf tourists, from different nationalities, who visit Andalusia, Spain. This research examines the relationship between environmental attitudes and behavioural intentions for three subsamples of European nationalities: British, German, and Spanish. This relationship was corroborated in the three subsamples. However, the national citizenship of European golf tourists was not a moderator effect on the relationship between environmental attitudes and behavioural intentions.
Textured cosmetic contact lens detection using statistical features and SVM classifier

Detection of real legitimate biological trait for the purpose of identification of a person is one of the primary features of biometric-based authentication systems. Iris based identification systems are one of the most reliable biometricbased authentication systems which offer lesser acceptance and rejection errors. However, iris based recognition systems are prone to spoof attacks via cosmetic textured contact lenses, which are used by many people working in every walk of life. Detection of textured cosmetic contact lenses seems to be the must have feature for any iris recognition system. In this paper, we present a methodology for detecting textured contact lens based on histogram based statistical features and support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The features which are used are mean value, variance, skew and kurtosis. These features are the moments of histogram which translate the histograms of images with or without textured contact lenses, into numerical representations. Similarly energy and entropy also give numerical perspective of information content in the images. Experiments are conducted on two publically available data sets namely IIIT-D iris contact lens database and ND contact lens database having the vast variety of textured contact lenses from multiple commercial manufacturers. The accuracy of the proposed methods is evaluated in terms of correct classification rate which ranges from 81.67% to 87.84%. Index Terms — Biometric, Cosmetic contact lens, Fake iris, Iris recognition, Spoof detection.
Innovative business of Kazakhstan in the post-crisis conditions

Under the post-crisis conditions in Kazakhstan, there is a dilemma regarding the choice of future development model. Economists indicate the absence of alternative innovative models of national economy development. Innovative business carries out ‘creative destruction’ of developed conditions and economy proportions, giving it a new quality and trajectory of development. But not all innovations enable the ‘creative destruction’, novelty as an impetus for scientific and technical progress. Innovative business development is related to intellectual property: objects of copyright, industrial property, know-how. Therefore, the formation of a market of scientific–technical production is in process. The infrastructure of a scientific–technical production market changes the innovative business. Innovative business is a business of ideas. Therefore, the efficiency of innovative business is predetermined by the introduction of management models used in foreign practice.
1 Seismic Gaps and Earthquakes

McCann et al. [1979] published a widely cited “seismic gap” model ascribing earthquake potential categories to 125 zones surrounding the Pacific Rim. Nishenko [1991] published an updated and revised version including probability estimates of characteristic earthquakes with specified magnitudes within each zone. These forecasts are now more than twenty and ten years old, respectively, and sufficient data now exist to test them rather conclusively. For the McCann et al. forecast, we count the numbers of qualifying earthquakes in the several categories of zones. We assume a hypothetical probability consistent with the gap model (e.g., red zones have twice the probability of green zones) and test against the null hypothesis that all zones have equal probability. The gap hypothesis can be rejected at a high confidence level. Contrary to the forecast of McCann et al., the data suggest that the real seismic potential is lower in the gaps than in other segments, and plate boundary zones are not made safer by recent earthquakes. For the 1991 Nishenko hypothesis, we test the number of filled zones, the likelihood scores of the observed and simulated catalogs, and the likelihood ratio of the gap hypothesis to a Poissonian null hypothesis. For earthquakes equal to or larger than the characteristic magnitude, the