Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Average phenotype but not plasticity in two metabolic hormones covary in wild female bonobos (Pan paniscus)

Each individual is equipped with a distinct genetic disposition and ontogenetic history and experiences environmental conditions in a unique way. As a result, individuals vary in terms of phenotypic differences regarding their responses to internal and external conditions. By modulating hormone secretion, an individual can react to changing conditions, thus maintaining homeostasis. Cortisol and triiodothyronine (T3) are involved in mediating energy homeostasis. The secretion of metabolic hormones enables individuals to respond flexibly to internal and external conditions. However, this flexibility may be constrained by tradeoffs between average hormone levels and the degree of hormonal plasticity and the impact of the HPA axis on T3 secretion and effects. Like many other species, bonobos (Pan paniscus) are confronted with rapid ecological and climatic perturbations, resulting in challenges to energetic homeostasis. Due to their limited genetic diversity, K-strategist and stenoecious species characteristics, they are predicted to have only limited potential for adaptation. Therefore, it is important to quantify individual cortisol and T3 reaction norms and examine their relationship with each other to understand the level of flexibility of metabolic hormone phenotypes. Using a multivariate random slope model, we found that diurnal urinary excretion patterns of cortisol and T3 in wild female bonobos have (i) no relationship between average phenotype and plasticity within the reaction norms of both hormones. (ii) We also found a negative correlation between the intercepts of the two metabolic hormones, but (iii) no relationship between their slopes. (iv) Standard deviations of cortisol and T3 intercepts and slopes between females indicate little variation among females. Our data show that plasticity within and between the two metabolic hormones is not related to overall low or high hormone levels, but there is a linear negative relationship between cortisol and T3 average phenotypes. Thus, individuals with high average cortisol levels, investing in restoring energy depots, have low average T3 levels, reducing energy expenditure, and vice versa. From this we conclude that the plasticity of diurnal hormone excretion is not affected by average metabolic hormone phenotypes. Evaluations of cortisol and T3 plasticity along ecological gradients can enhance our understanding of the adaptive potential of a given species to environmental changes.
Association between Anemia and Myopia in Korean Adults

Objectives: Anemia is a significant public health issue worldwide and has been associated with ocular changes. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anemia and myopia in an adult population in South Korea.Methods: We analyzed the data of 8,672 participants aged 20 to 54 years in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Anemia was defined as hemoglobin levels < 13 g/dL for men, < 12 g/dL for women, and < 11 g/dL for pregnant women. Anemia was subdivided into mild anemia (11-12.9 g/dL for men, 11-11.9 g/dL for women, and 10-10.9 g/dL for pregnant women) and moderate to severe anemia ( < 11 g/dL for men and women and < 10 g/dL for pregnant women) categories. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent value ≤ -0.5 diopters. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between anemia and myopia.Results: The prevalence of myopia was 43.5% in men and 56.5% in women. The prevalence of anemia was 0.9% in men and 14.5% in women. After adjusting for confounders, the risk of myopia was 1.28 times higher in women with anemia than in those without anemia (odds ratio, OR = 1.28, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.02-1.60, p= 0.036). The risk of myopia was 1.55 times higher in women with moderate to severe anemia than in those without anemia (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.12-2.16, p= 0.026). Anemia was not significantly associated with myopia in men.Conclusions: Women with anemia were at increased risk of myopia compared to those without anemia. The severity of anemia was also associated the risk of myopia.
Space geodetic tools provide early warnings for earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

Development of space geodetic techniques such as Global Navigation Satellite System and Synthetic Aperture Radar in last few decades allows us to monitor deformation of Earth's surface in unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. These observations, combined with fast data transmission and quick data processing, enable us to quickly detect and locate earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and assess potential hazards such as strong earthquake shaking, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. These techniques thus are key parts of early warning systems, help identify some hazards before a cataclysmic event, and improve the response to the consequent damage.
Aerobic exercise for individuals with depression

program on the quality of life, self-esteem, and depression level of individuals diagnosed with depression. Methods: The sample of the study consisted of a total of 60 patients, 30 of whom were in the study group, 30 of whom were in the comparison group, followed up with a diagnosis of depression in the psychiatry outpatient clinic. Research data were collected using the sociodemographic data form, WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Scale, Rosenberg Self-Es-teem Scale, and Beck Depression Scale. To both groups, sociodemographic data form, WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Beck Depression Scale were applied at the beginning of the study, and scales were applied repeatedly at the end of the 1st month, 2nd month, and 3rd month. To the working group in the research, a 45-min aerobic exercise program was applied 3 days a week for 12 weeks. Research data – it was evaluated by Chi-square test and two-way analysis of variance in repeated measures. Results: After the aerobic exercise program, it was determined that the quality of life and self-esteem scores of the patients in the study group increased, and their body mass index (BMI) and depression levels decreased. After the aerobic exercise program, the BMI values of the individuals in the study group decreased significantly, BMI according to age, gender, marital status, occupation, and disease duration, between the quality of life and depression level, between the quality of life and depression level according to education level, the number of self by gender and occupation. It was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the scores. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise program – it was determined that it increased the quality of life and self-esteem scores of individuals and decreased their depression levels and BMI values.
Fatal weather-related general aviation accidents in the United States

Abstract General, or private and non-commercial, aviation accidents produce more fatalities than any other aviation category within the United States. Despite advances in scientific understanding and technology since the early 1900s, weather causes concern for aviation safety, and little is known about the characteristics of fatal weather-related general aviation accidents. We provide a comprehensive spatiotemporal analysis of fatal weather-related general aviation accidents from 1982 through 2013 using data culled from the United States National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). Weather was a cause or contributing factor in 35% of fatal general aviation accidents, of which 60% occurred while instrument meteorological conditions were present. Fatal weather-related general aviation accidents occur most frequently between October and April, on weekends, in early morning and evening periods, and along the West Coast, Colorado Rockies, Appalachian Mountains, and the Northeast. There has been a long-term reduction in weather-related general aviation accidents and fatalities since the 1980s; nonetheless, these accidents are still responsible for nearly 100 fatalities/year in the United States. This study provides pilots, academics, the Federal Aviation Administration, the NTSB, and other aviation organizations with information to advance mitigation efforts aimed at reducing future aviation-related accidents in the United States.
Wake-Up Call to Address Sleep Health in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Underappreciated Contributor to Poor Quality of Life

BACKGROUND: Few studies have specifically examined sleep health in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Further study is warranted to inform future strategies in patients with NMIBC. OBJECTIVE: We aim to describe sleep health in a cohort of patients with NMIBC, and its relationship with quality of life (QOL). METHODS: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study in patients undergoing surveillance for NMIBC. The validated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep health (scores from 0-21) in the overall study population as well as stratified. We assessed QOL among participants with and without poor sleep quality using the SF-12 and QLQ-NMIBC-24. RESULTS: In a cohort of 94 NMIBC patients, median age was 67 years (IQR: 58, 72) and median time since initial diagnosis was 27 months (IQR: 9, 41). The mean PSQI score was 6.3 (SD: 3.8) and 64% percent of participants met or exceeded the PSQI cut-off score of 5, with a score of 5 or more indicating overall poor sleep quality. In those with poor sleep quality, there were statistically significant detriments in multiple QOL domains. CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing surveillance for NMIBC, there is a substantial burden of sleep disturbances and resulting decrements in QOL. These data support the need for future interventions to support sleep quality and highlight the importance of addressing sleep health as part of NMIBC survivorship care to improve QOL in patients with NMIBC.
A Control Strategy Based on Intermediate Bus Voltage Information for Wide-Range High-Efficiency Step-Up DC–DC Converters

With the increasing utilization of renewable energy generation, especially photovoltaic (PV) power generation, the technology for wide-range high-efficiency DC-DC converters is becoming increasingly important. This paper focuses on the control of high-efficiency step-up DC-DC converters with the multi-phase Boost and LLC (MPBLLC) converter. A control strategy based on intermediate bus voltage information is proposed to improve the efficiency over a wide input voltage range. The operation principle and the time domain model of the converter are analyzed first. Since the loss models in previous studies are not accurate and comprehensive enough, a loss modeling method for the variable voltage is proposed. It is based on the time domain analysis (TDA) and is available for a wide voltage range. By analyzing the level and influence factors of variables in the MPBLLC converter, a fast algorithm for loss modeling is also proposed. Further, the control strategy including the optimal bus voltage control is proposed for MPBLLC converter. Control modes are analyzed in detail. For the key part, four different control approaches are presented based on different variations of the intermediate bus voltage. Above all, the optimal bus voltage control is proposed based on the proposed variable bus loss model. Finally, a 500-W experimental prototype is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed loss model and control strategy, which demonstrates good performance and high efficiency over a wide input voltage range.
Dongpo dream machine: notes towards an exhibition

ABSTRACT This article presents a concept for an imagined exhibition relating to the work of Su Shi (1037–1101), also known as Su Dongpo. A renowned poet and calligrapher from China's Song Dynasty, Su Shi stands out as one of the pivotal figures in traditional Chinese literature; credited with penning many of China's iconic poems that remain part of the educational curriculum in China today. The proposed project is situated within the historical sites of Hainan, an island where Su Shi was exiled near the end of his life. Taking a contemporary approach to heritage, the exhibition concept draws upon recent developments in artificial intelligence large language models, with the aim of enabling visitors to generate and explore ‘lost’ poems of Su Shi.
Invisible Hand behind Female Reproductive Disorders: Bisphenols, Recent Evidence and Future Perspectives

Reproductive disorders are considered a global health problem influenced by physiological, genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The increased exposure to bisphenols, a chemical used in large quantities for the production of polycarbonate plastics, has raised concerns regarding health risks in humans, particularly their endocrine-disrupting effects on female reproductive health. To provide a basis for future research on environmental interference and reproductive health, we reviewed relevant studies on the exposure patterns and levels of bisphenols in environmental matrices and humans (including susceptible populations such as pregnant women and children). In addition, we focused on in vivo, in vitro, and epidemiological studies evaluating the effects of bisphenols on the female reproductive system (the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and vagina). The results indicate that bisphenols cause structural and functional damage to the female reproductive system by interfering with hormones; activating receptors; inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and carcinogenesis; and triggering epigenetic changes, with the damaging effects being intergenerational. Epidemiological studies support the association between bisphenols and diseases such as cancer of the female reproductive system, reproductive dysfunction, and miscarriage, which may negatively affect the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Altogether, this review provides a reference for assessing the adverse effects of bisphenols on female reproductive health.
Virological Characteristics of Five SARS-CoV-2 Variants, Including Beta, Delta and Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.5

SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) show increasing transmissibility and infectivity and induce substantial injuries to human health and the ecology. Therefore, it is vital to understand the related features for controlling infection. In this study, SARS-CoV-2 WIV04 (prototype) and five VOCs (Beta, Delta, Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 variants) were inoculated in Vero cells to observe their growth activities. Apart from evaluating the environmental stability at different temperatures, residual virus titers and infectivity at different temperatures (4 °C, room temperature (RT) and 37 °C) were measured over 7 days. The experiment also assessed the infectivity for different incubation durations. The growth capacity assay suggested that the WIV04, Beta and Delta variants replicated efficiently in Vero cells compared with Omicron Variants, and BA.2 replicated more efficiently in Vero cells than BA.1 and BA.5. In addition, all variants exhibited longer survivals at 4 °C and could remain infectious after 7 days, compared to RT’ survival after 5 days and at 37 °C after 1 day. The virus infection assay indicated that the Omicron variant had a weaker ability to infect cells compared to the WIV04, Beta and Delta strains, and a longer infection time was required for these strains, except for BA.2.
A Self-Supervised Contrastive Denoising Autoencoder-Based Noise Suppression Method for Micro Thrust Measurement Signals Processing

Noise suppression is of great significance in high-precision micro thrust calibration and measurement. Existing methods cannot simultaneously recover both the nonlinear transitions (generated by thrust) and smooth trends of the signals. In addition, they exhibit poor robustness to noise model changes. To address the issues, in this research, we propose a novel self-supervised contrastive denoising autoencoder (SCDAE) model. The SCDAE features end-to-end signal denoising based on a multitask joint learning framework combining contrastive representation learning and denoising autoencoder (DAE) without the need for a clean signal reference. Specifically, SCDAE consists of a representation learner (RPL) and a denoising learner (DEL). In addition, considering the multistaircase property of the measurement signal, a novel parallel hybrid data augmentation strategy is designed in the RPL to create positive sample pairs and greatly force the network to extract robust content-invariant and disentangled features. Besides, in order to solve the blindness of training target creation for the DEL, a new training target creation strategy is proposed based on the variational mode decomposition (VMD). An attention module is introduced to adaptively reinforce the content-invariant disentangled features from the RPL, guiding the DEL to generate the essential dynamic nature from the raw input signal, thus suppressing noise information. Extensive simulations and experimental case study were carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness and advancement of the proposed method in recovering signal details (nonlinear transitions and smooth trends) with comparison to existing classical methods.
Rhamnogalacturonan I with β-(1,4)-Galactan Side Chains as an Ever-Present Component of Tertiary Cell Wall of Plant Fibers

The cellulose-enriched tertiary cell walls present in many plant fibers have specific composition, architecture, machinery of formation, and function. To better understand the mechanisms underlying their mode of action and to reveal the peculiarities of fibers from different plant species, it is necessary to more deeply characterize the major components. Next to overwhelming cellulose, rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) is considered to be the key polymer of the tertiary cell wall; however, it has been isolated and biochemically characterized in very few plant species. Here, we add RG-I to the list from the phloem fibers of the Phaseolus vulgaris stem that was isolated and analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dynamic light scattering, and immunolabeling, both within tissue and as an isolated polymer. Additionally, fibers with tertiary cell walls from nine species of dicotyledonous plants from the orders Malphigiales, Fabales, and Rosales were labeled with RG-I-related antibodies to check the presence of the polymer and compare the in situ presentation of its backbone and side chains. The obtained results confirm that RG-I is an obligatory polymer of the tertiary cell wall. However, there are differences in the structure of this polymer from various plant sources, and these peculiarities may be taxonomically related.
Hyperspectral image band selection method combining the variation degree of salient features

ABSTRACT Band selection (BS) work for hyperspectral remote sensing images (HRSIs) has attracted increasing attention from researchers. In the HRSI, the salient features of each band always include the more important discriminative features. However, most existing BS methods always have difficulty in simultaneously performing local-global consistency analysis on salient features in bands of HRSIs. In addition, these methods also ignore the consideration of the diversity of band information to some extent when selecting a band subset. To tackle these problems, a novel unsupervised hyperspectral BS method combining the variation degree of salient features (UBSF) is proposed in this article. UBSF first promotes the singular value decomposition method to analyse the salient features in bands and develops a new low-dimensional local-global salient feature representation (NLR) method for discriminative feature representations of the bands. The NLR method combines the variation degree of the features of the significant representative patches of each band in their corresponding significant feature subspaces to achieve a local-global consistency analysis of salient features of each band of HRSIs. Next, UBSF proposes a new two-stage strategy (TSS) to preserve the diversity of BS results as much as possible. In TSS, we propose a novel similarity criterion, which can make the highly similar band subsets with near information amount in the overall bands adaptively compressed according to the obtained similarity results of bands further. Then, the band subset with the most information is selected as the final BS results in the obtained reduced-dimensional HRSI. Finally, the validity of the UBSF method is verified based on three measured HRSI datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed UBSF is superior to other state-of-the-art BS methods.
Effect of presynchronization with GnRH 7 days prior to resynchronization with CO-Synch on pregnancy wastage in lactating dairy cows

Increased secretion of prostaglandin F 2 α (PGF) between d 30 and 36 of pregnancy causes luteal regression and embryonic loss. In addition, administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been held responsible for early embryonic death when administered at pregnancy diagnosis between 29 and 42 days after insemination. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of GnRH administration at 28±3 d after artificial insemination (AI), 7 d prior to the initiation of resynchronization with CO-Synch, on pregnancy wastage rate (late embryonic and early fetal loss rate; PWR) for the previous insemination. All parity (2.38±1.45; range 1-10) lactating Holstein cows (n=1417) from a dairy farm in Washington state were enrolled. Cows that were not detected in estrus by 28±3 d (Day -7) after AI were assigned to receive either GnRH (100 μ g, im; n=693) or no GnRH (control; n=724). Cows not detected in estrus during 7 d following GnRH administration were presented for pregnancy diagnosis (35±3 d after AI, Day 0) and non-pregnant cows were submitted for resynchronization with CO-Synch protocol for subsequent timed AI. The cows that were not pregnant to resynchronization were resubmitted for CO-Synch resynchronization with presynch-GnRH for a second time or to other breeding protocols. Cows were examined for pregnancy at 35 d after AI and pregnant cows were submitted to determine pregnancy status for a second time approximately at 60 d after AI. The overall PWR was 13.9% (142/1044). The PWR for GnRH and control groups was 14.8% (75/506) and 12.5% (67/538), respectively (P=0.27). In conclusion, the GnRH treatment 7 d prior to initiation of resynchronization with CO-Synch, when administered at 28±3 d after a previous breeding, did not increase pregnancy wastage compared to controls.
Zero-shot Node Classification with Graph Contrastive Embedding Network

This paper studies zero-shot node classification, which aims to predict new classes (i.e., unseen classes) of nodes in a graph. This problem is challenging yet promising in a variety of real-world applications such as social analysis and bioinformatics. The key idea of zero-shot node classification is to enable the knowledge transfer of nodes from training classes to unseen classes. However, existing methods typically ignore the dependencies between nodes and classes, and fail to be organically integrated in a united way. In this paper, we present a novel framework called the Graph Contrastive Embedding Network (GraphCEN) for zero-shot node classification. Specifically, GraphCEN first constructs an affinity graph to model the relations between the classes. Then the node-and class-level contrastive learning (CL) are proposed to jointly learn node embeddings and class assignments in an end-to-end manner. The two-level CL can be optimized to mutually enhance each other. Extensive experiments indicate that our GraphCEN significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches on multiple challenging benchmark datasets.