Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arrhythmogenicity of the Coronary Sinus

The coronary sinus (CS) is the cardiac venous system that begins at its ostium in the right atrium and ends at the origin of the great cardiac vein. The major tributaries of the CS include the great cardiac vein (anterior cardiac vein), the left obtuse marginal vein, the posterior (or inferior) left ventricular vein, the middle cardiac vein, and the right coronary vein. In addition, atrial veins and, notably, the vein of Marshall (or oblique left atrial vein) also enter the coronary sinus. From the perspective of electrophysiologists, the CS represents an anatomical structure of particular interest. First, it provides access to epicardial atrioventricular pathways and arrhythmogenic foci of both atrial6 and ventricular arrhythmia. Second, it represents by itself a potential source of atrial arrhythmia. The arrhythmogenic potential of the thoracic veins in general has been recognised since the 1970s. Atrial arrhythmias can originate in the pulmonary veins, the superior vena cava, and the CS. Indeed, biatrial flutter,left atrial tachycardia, and atrial fibrillation, involving the distal CS have been well described. There is now evidence that the CS apart from participating in arrhythmia circuits, such as in the slow-slow form of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia and atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia due to accessory pathways,may itself be a source of apparently atrial arrhythmia. In patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation apparently originating from the left superior or inferior pulmonary vein, detailed epicardial mapping through the distal coronary sinus might identify epicardial location of the arrhythmogenic focus. Therefore, the search for foci of abnormal automaticity within the CS should be part of the electrophysiologic evaluation of left atrial arrhythmias.
Forming Process Investigation of $\hbox{Cu}_{x} \hbox{O}$ Memory Films

The forming process, which is the first transition from fresh state to low resistance state, was investigated in CuxO memory films prepared by plasma-induced oxidation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of surface chemical bonds of CuxO films and Auger electron spectroscopy depth spectra show that the formation of a highly resistive CuO layer on the CuxO surface is the main reason for the requirement of a large forming voltage. After selectively deoxidizing the CuO into Cu2O, the need for the "forming" process disappears.
Robust MPC with Output Feedback and Realigned Model

Abstract In this work, it is presented a contribution to the design of the robust MPC with output feedback and input constraints. This work extends existing approaches by considering a particular non-minimal state space model, which transforms the output feedback strategy into a state feedback strategy. The controller is developed to the case in which the system inputs may become saturated. We follow a two stages approach. In the off-line stage, a series of unconstrained robust MPCs is obtained by including in the control optimization problem, inequality constraints that force the state of the closed-loop system to contract along the time. Each of these controllers is associated to particular sets of manipulated inputs and controlled outputs. In the existing version of the method, the closed loop system involves a state observer that makes the solution to the robust MPC optimization problem a time consuming step. In the on-line step of the controller design proposed procedure, a sub optimal control law is obtained by combining control configurations that correspond to particular subsets of available manipulated inputs. The method is illustrated with a simulation example of the process industry.
Self-control in a child with an autism spectrum disorder: effects of delay and magnitude of reinforcement.

Impulsive choice, or the choice to obtain a smaller reward that can be obtained sooner (SS) over a larger reward that can be obtained later (LL), may be related to problem behavior that can interfere with social, academic, and independent living skills. Self-control choice is defined as the choice to receive a larger reward after a longer period of time over a smaller but more immediate reward. Few strategies have been reported to increase self-control choice. One of the strategies for increasing self-control responding is systematically increasing the delay to the SS reward until response allocation shifts to the LL reward. This effect was demonstrated with adolescents with developmental disabilities (Ragotzy, Blakely, & Poling, 1988). The purpose of this study was to systematically replicate the study conducted by Ragotzy et al, with a child with an Autism Spectrum Disorder as a participant, and using edible items identified as highly preferred using a forced-choice preference assessment (Fisher, Piazza, Bowman, Hagopian, Owens, & Slevin, 1992) as rewards instead of the arbitrary edible stimuli chosen by Ragotzy et al. In addition, selfcontrol responding was evaluated using adjusting and fixed intertrial intervals (ITI) to determine whether or not ITI type affected responding. Results indicated that the participant demonstrated self-control responding when the SS reward was delayed, and response patterns did not differ in regards to the ITI type used.
Product architecture, global operations networks, and operational performance: an exploratory study

Abstract This paper investigates the relationships between product architectures and global operations networks and their impact on operational performance, based on survey data from 82 Swedish manufacturers. We find that modular and integral product architectures are associated with different characteristics of the global operations network, and that global operations network designs are characterised by three dimensions: network, plant and supply chain. The key aspects are network structure (configuration as well as coordination), plant focus (scale or scope) and the locus of supply chain capabilities (internal or external).
A Fuzzy Co-Clustering approach for Clickstream Data Pattern

collaborative filtering to identify subgroups of customers with similar preferences or behaviors towards a subset of products with the goal of performing target marketing. Recommendation systems and Marketing are important applications in E-commerce area. The main goal for the above applications is to identify group of web users or customers with similar behavior/ interest so that one can predict the customer‘s interest and make proper recommendations to improve their sale Generally, Coclustering is a form of two-way clustering in which both dimensions are clustered simultaneously Target and generated Co-Clusters are refined using some techniques like fuzzy approach. The goal of this paper is to provide fuzzy Co-Clustering algorithm for clickstream data to quantify the discovered Co-Clusters . Users‘ clusters with their members are related in a different degree with pages‘ clusters. The relation between these clusters is quantified using fuzzy membership function to show the distribution of users‘ interest over the web page clusters. The organization of the paper is as follows. Section 2 summarizes some of the existing web clustering techniques and co-clustering approaches. Section 3 describes the problem statements. The proposed Fuzzy Co-clustering algorithm is described briefly in Section 4. The experimental results of the proposed algorithm are discussed in the Section 5. Section 6 concludes this paper.
Regulation of osteoclast function

Osteoclasts are terminally differentiated multinucleated cells that are the principal resorptive cells of bone, playing a central role in the formation of the skeleton and regulation of its mass. The molecular events involved in the differentiation and function of osteoclasts had not been clarified for a long time. Over the past two decades, several novel approaches have been developed and adopted to investigate osteoclast biology. In the present review, we would like to update recent progress in the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of osteoclast activation and function.
Constraints on inflation with an extended neutrino sector

Constraints on inﬂationary models typically assume only the standard models of cosmology and particle physics. By extending the neutrino sector to include a new interaction with a light scalar mediator ( m φ ∼ MeV), it is possible to relax these constraints, in particular via opening up regions of the parameter space of the spectral index n s . These new interactions can be probed at IceCube via interactions of astrophysical neutrinos with the Cosmic Neutrino Background for nearly all of the relevant parameter space.
Voice morphing and the manipulation of intra-speaker and cross-speaker phonetic variation to create foreign accent continua: a perceptual study

The STRAIGHT system of voice morphing was used to create voice continua of (Korean) accented Australian English, intended to simulate phonetic variation ranging from ‘heavily accented’ to ‘unaccented’ (native-like) Australian English, employing dimensions of intra-speaker and cross-speaker variation to yield a range of synthetic voices. These synthetic voices were evaluated against actual samples of Korean accented English, both re-synthesized and non-re-synthesized, in a series of three perceptual rating experiments by native listeners of Australian English. The questions of central interest in this preliminary investigation are: (a) the method of creating the phonetic continua and the respective roles of intraversus cross-speaker variability in simulating degrees of foreign accent, (b) the success of the STRAIGHT method for creating hybrid voices, compared with ‘natural’ tokens of accented utterances, and (c) the impact of the re-synthesis method (required for voice morphing) upon perceptual ratings of foreign accent by native listeners. The ultimate objective of this research is to assess the impact of segmental and prosodic features on the perception of foreign accent and intelligibility of L2 learners’ speech, where the source (Korean) and target (English) languages pose significant difficulties of segmental and prosodic transfer.
Ultrastructure of the Odontocete Organ of Corti: Scanning and transmission electron microscopy

The morphological study of the Odontocete organ of Corti, together with possible alterations associated with damage from sound exposure, represents a key conservation approach to assess the effects of acoustic pollution on marine ecosystems. By collaborating with stranding networks from several European countries, 150 ears from 13 species of Odontocetes were collected and analyzed by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. Based on our analyses, we first describe and compare Odontocete cochlear structures and then propose a diagnostic method to identify inner ear alterations in stranded individuals. The two species analyzed by TEM (Phocoena phocoena and Stenella coeruleoalba) showed morphological characteristics in the lower basal turn of high‐frequency hearing species. Among other striking features, outer hair cell bodies were extremely small and were strongly attached to Deiters cells. Such morphological characteristics, shared with horseshoe bats, suggest that there has been convergent evolution of sound reception mechanisms among echolocating species. Despite possible autolytic artifacts due to technical and experimental constraints, the SEM analysis allowed us to detect the presence of scarring processes resulting from the disappearance of outer hair cells from the epithelium. In addition, in contrast to the rapid decomposition process of the sensory epithelium after death (especially of the inner hair cells), the tectorial membrane appeared to be more resistant to postmortem autolysis effects. Analysis of the stereocilia imprint pattern at the undersurface of the tectorial membrane may provide a way to detect possible ultrastructural alterations of the hair cell stereocilia by mirroring them on the tectorial membrane. J. Comp. Neurol. 523:431–448, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evaluation of the Response to Radiotherapy With Positron Emission Tomography/Computer Tomography in Head and Neck Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to assessment of therapy response to radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with head and neck carcinoma using with Positron Emission Tomography/Computer Tomography. MATERIAL and METHODS: 36 head and neck cancer patients who were treated in our clinic between April 2009 and April 2011 were prospectively included this study. All patients were scanned with Positron Emission Tomography/Computer Tomography imaging before and after treatment and therapy response was evaluated by using standard uptake value max. Positron Emission Tomography/Computer Tomography results and biopsy that was taken from primary tumor as histopatologic assessing used for patients staging. This staging is based on American Joint Committee on Cancer 6.th edition. RESULTS: Patients who were accepted this study were 32 male (88,9 %) and 4 female (11,1 %). The mean age of the patients was 57,5 (35-77) years. Mean follow up time was 13,5 months. Pretreatment mean of standard uptake value max was 11. High standard uptake values max (>11) predicted significantly worse treatment response as compared with low standard uptake value max (<11). Standard uptake value max was increased as the stage increased. At the end of the treatment standard uptake value max in early stage patients (0,002) was much more regressed than advanced stage patients (<0,001). Orijinal Çalışma 170 Adress for correspondence: Esra Kekilli, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Mahallesi, 06200 Yenimahalle/Ankara 06200 Ankara – Türkiye e-mail: ekekilli@hotmail.com Available at www.actaoncologicaturcica. com Copyright ©Ankara Onkoloji Hastanesi DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In this study demonstrated that the patients with pretreatment high standard uptake value max had poorer treatment response. This study showed that pretreatment and the difference standard uptake values max are strong related with therapy response.
Effect of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) and l-arginine supplementation on broiler performance

Usage of antibiotic growth promoter is eliminated for the poultry production starting from January 2018. This policy may affect animal performance and health status in tropical countries like Indonesia. A study of Chitosan Oligosaccharide (COS) and L-arginine supplementation was carried out to evaluate the growth performance of broiler. A total of 300 DOCs (day old chickens) broilers with an initial average body weight of 46 g, were randomly treated into 5 treatments with 6 replications (10 unsexed birds in each pen) for 35 days. Dietary treatments were (P0) basal diet (BD) without supplement, (P1)BD + Antibiotic growth promoter (Zinc Bacitracine 200 mg kg−1) of diet, (P2) BD + COS 100 mg kg−1 of diet, (P3 ) BD + L-arginine 1.9% of diet, (P4) BD + COS mg kg−1 + L-arginine 1.9% of diet. The results showed that treatments with COS and L-arginine significantly (P <0.05) increased feed intake, body weight, weight gain and reduce feed conversion ratio at starter period compared with fed P0. Furthermore, feed conversion ratio and mortality were significantly (P <0.05) decreases at all treatments and body weight and weight gain significantly (P <0.05) increased only at COS treatment compared with fed P0, at the overall experimental periods. In conclusion, dietary addition of COS 100 mg kg-1 is able to use as alternative for antibiotic growth promotor replacement without giving effect on broiler performance
Age, Arrival Date and Reproductive Success of Male American Redstarts Setophaga ruticilla

We tested whether the age-related differences in reproductive success in male Ameri- can Redstarts are caused by differences in date of arrival on the breeding grounds. By relating arrival date to three measures of reproductive success we determined what stage of the breeding cycle is affected by date of arrival. Adult male redstarts were more successful than subadults at obtaining mates. Adult males were also more likely than subadults to have nests built in their territories, and to fledge young. Among mated males, neither age class was significantly more likely to obtain nests. However, among males that nested, there were significant age-related differences in fledging success. Adult males arrived on the breeding grounds before subadults. Within both age classes, males that mated had arrived significantly earlier than those that did not mate. Similarly, males that nested had arrived significantly earlier than those that did not. There were no significant differences in arrival date between males that fledged young and those that did not. Finally, adult males were more likely to renest after nest failure. Therefore, we conclude that reproductive success in male redstarts is independently affected by both arrival date and age, and that the lower success of subadults may not be a consequence solely of their age and late arrival, but also of their lack of experience in selecting territories early in the breeding season.
Enzymatic restriction of mammalian cell DNA: evidence for double-strand breaks as potentially lethal lesions.

Permeabilized Chinese hamster cells were treated with the restriction endonucleases Pvu II and Bam H1 which generate blunt-ended and cohesive-ended DNA double-strand breaks (dsb), respectively. Cells were then assayed for their clonogenic ability. These experiments were performed to test the hypothesis that mammalian cell death following X-ray exposure arises from the induction of dsb in DNA, and via the formation of chromosomal aberrations. It was shown previously that Pvu II induces chromosome aberrations whereas Bam H1 was ineffective in this respect. The results reported here show that Pvu II simulates X-ray exposure, in causing a dose-dependent loss of the reproductive integrity of mammalian cells. Dsb generated by Pvu II, i.e. with blunt ends, can therefore be regarded as potentially clastogenic as well as potentially lethal. Bam H1 was found not to reduce cell survival in the same enzyme dose range. These results support the notion that X-irradiated mammalian cells undergo a mode of death in which dsb in the DNA cause chromosomal aberrations which are lethal as a result of loss of genetic material in the form of chromosome fragments, or as a result of chromosome bridge formation.
Microtubule nucleation and anchoring at the centrosome are independent processes linked by ninein function

The centrosome organizes microtubules by controlling nucleation and anchoring processes. In mammalian cells, subdistal appendages of the mother centriole are major microtubule-anchoring structures of the centrosome. It is not known how newly nucleated microtubules are anchored to these appendages. We show here that ninein, a component of subdistal appendages, localizes to the centriole via its C-terminus and interacts with γ-tubulin-containing complexes via its N-terminus. Expression of a construct encoding the ninein C-terminus displaced endogenous ninein and the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) from the centrosome, leading to microtubule nucleation and anchoring defects. By contrast, expression of a fusion consisting of the N- and C-terminal domains (lacking the central coiled-coil region) displaced endogenous ninein without perturbing γ-TuRC localization. Accordingly, only anchoring defects were observed in this case. Therefore, expression of this fusion appeared to uncouple microtubule nucleation and anchorage activities at the centrosome. Our results suggest that ninein has a role not only in microtubule anchoring but also in promoting microtubule nucleation by docking the γ-TuRC at the centrosome. In addition, we show that the γ-TuRC might not be sufficient to anchor microtubules at the centrosome in the absence of ninein. We therefore propose that ninein constitutes a molecular link between microtubule-nucleation and -anchoring activities at the centrosome.
Identification of Amino Acid Residues Critical for the Src-homology 2 Domain-dependent Docking of Stat2 to the Interferon α Receptor*

The interaction between Src-homology 2 domains (SH2) domains and phosphorylated tyrosine residues serves a critical role in intracellular signaling. In addition to the phosphotyrosine, adjacent residues are critical mediators of the specificity of this interaction. Upon treatment of cells with interferon α (IFNα), the IFNaR1 subunit of the IFNα receptor becomes tyrosine phosphorylated at position 466. The region surrounding phosphorylated tyrosine 466 subsequently acts as a docking site for the SH2 domain of Stat2, facilitating phosphorylation of the latter and, thus, the transduction of the IFNα signal. In this report site-specific mutagenesis was employed to analyze the nature of the interaction between the SH2 domain of Stat2 and the region surrounding tyrosine 466 on IFNaR1. Mutation of the valine at the +1 position carboxyl-terminal to tyrosine 466 or of the serine at the +5 position inhibits the association of Stat2 with phosphorylated IFNaR1. Moreover, receptors mutated at either of these two positions act in a dominant manner to decrease IFNα signaling, as assayed by both Stat2 phosphorylation and expression of an IFNα-responsive reporter. The demonstration that these two residues are critical in mediating the interaction between Stat2 and IFNaR1 suggests that STAT proteins might utilize a structurally distinct subset of SH2 domains to mediate signal transduction from the cell surface to the nucleus.
Protein Folding as a Random Walk

Large numbers of native-fitting and random-coil conformations of a small protein, pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, have been generated as self-avoiding random walks on a face-centred cubic lattice. Random-coil conformations similar to the native X-ray conformation occur frequently enough to suggest that well-defined kinetic pathways for protein folding are not as necessary as is usually thought.
Partially Saturated Referents as a Source of Complexity in Semantic Interpretation

A significant factor in the complexity of the compressed, complex prose style used by journalists in short, targeted commercial reports (Who's News, joint ventures, earnings reports, etc.) is the fact that many of the phrases are semantically incomplete, i.e. their interpretation is dependent on information in other parts of the sentence or the in discourse context. We propose that the complexity that such partially saturated referents contribute to the overall process of semantic interpretation can be characterized by two factors we will call displacement and unpacking. This complexity source can be quantified by counting the distance, in nodes, between each phrase that has a locally incomplete interpretation and the phrase(s) that supply the terms that complete them.In this paper we wil define this phenomenon and illustrate its impact on interpretation by examining short texts excepted from the Tipster corpus and other online sources.
Does order of presentation affect users' judgment of documents?

User evaluation of the relevance of documents retrieved by an information system can be a useful measure of the performance of the system. The meaningfulness of this measure is, in part, determined by the extent to which it is influenced by external factors. This article examines the question of whether the order of presentation of the document citations influences the relevance judgment of the user. An experiment to test the hypothesis that order of presentation does have an effect is described. The results indicate that users are not influenced by this factor when the set of retrieved document citations has fewer than 15 members.