Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integral equation formulation and solution for extended vertical current sheets in multilayered planar structures

The integral analysis of multilayered planar structures owes its high efficiency to the excellent matching of the Spectral Domain Approach (SDA) to the planar nature of the problem. This highly efficient approach is strongly encroached upon when arbitrary three‐dimensional (3‐D) surfaces in a multilayered environment have to be analyzed. However, for 3‐D structures that consist of horizontal and strictly vertical conducting surfaces, the analytical possibilities of the SDA can be exploited further. The integral equation formulation is adapted to the geometry by expressing it in a hybrid dyadic‐mixed potential form. The solution is improved with a combined spectral‐spatial domain approach, where part of the reaction integrals are done in closed form in the spectral domain. This modified method avoids most theoretical and numerical problems, while the majority of practical 3‐D problems in stratified media can still be handled.
Error suppression and error correction in adiabatic quantum computation I: techniques and challenges

Adiabatic quantum computation (AQC) is known to possess some intrinsic robustness, though it is likely that some form of error correction will be necessary for large scale computations. Error handling routines developed for circuit-model quantum computation do not transfer easily to the AQC model since these routines typically require high-quality quantum gates, a resource not generally allowed in AQC. There are two main techniques known to suppress errors during an AQC implementation: energy gap protection and dynamical decoupling. Here we show that both these methods are intimately related and can be analyzed within the same formalism. We analyze the effectiveness of such error suppression techniques and identify critical constraints on the performance of error suppression in AQC, suggesting that error suppression by itself is insufficient for large-scale, fault-tolerant AQC and that a form of error correction is needed. We discuss progress towards implementing error correction in AQC and enumerate several key outstanding problems. This work is a companion paper to "Error suppression and error correction in adiabatic quantum computation II: non-equilibrium dynamics"', which provides a dynamical model perspective on the techniques and limitations of error suppression and error correction in AQC. In this paper we discuss the same results within a quantum information framework, permitting an intuitive discussion of error suppression and correction in encoded AQC.
A note on subcomparatives

La discussion porte sur la nature de la categorie vide dans la proposition subordonnee comparative. Elle n'est pas une trace WH, mais une variable en FL (forme logique), ce qui refute l'hypothese chomskienne selon laquelle la proposition comparative et la proposition subordonnee comparative resultent d'un seul et meme processus syntaxique : le deplacement de WH
The influence of spacecraft flexibility on system controllability and observability

Literal criteria are developed for the controllability and observability of general models of flexible spacecraft. Results are interpreted in special cases and in physical terms, permitting in some cases the identification of uncontrollable and unobservable states simply by examination of scalars composed of modal parameters and location matrices for sensors and actuators. A procedure is established for isolation of uncontrollable states, whereby sensor and actuator configuration assure that uncontrollable flexible mode states are also unobservable; in many applications such states can then be removed by coordinate truncation.
Progress on Polymers Containing Imide Rings for Advanced Technologies: A Contribution from ICMPP of the Romanian Academy

Evolving technology has posed a constantly increasing need for materials that can work well under harsh conditions such as elevated temperatures. Aromatic polyimides have a great potential for this purpose, having excellent thermal, mechanical, dielectric, and optical properties, along with good chemical resistance and high dimensional stability. In spite of their general difficulty in processing and high cost, polyimides are intensively studied for applications in many areas due to their high-end value. This article reviews the progress made on polyimide materials in the “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (ICMPP) of the Romanian Academy during the last decade, with focus on their performance as films, matrices for nanocomposites, coatings for microelectronics and opto-electronic devices, or dielectrics for thin film capacitors.
Segmenting Wine Festival Visitors Based on Their Visit Experience

Wine tourism experiences can be offered in many ways, such as visiting wine festivals. They can provide a wide range of experiences that differ from day-to-day living and could be viewed as lifestyle tourism expe­riences. The goal of the research was to segment wine festival visitors and describe them within the experience economy context. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire at wine festivals in Croatia. Research hy­potheses were tested using cluster analysis and ANOVA. Segmentation re­sults show four significantly different groups of wine festival visitors (busi­ness visitors, explorers, devotees and companions). The identified segments significantly differ in their motivation and experience at the wine festival. Based on the results of this research, recommendations for specific market­ing strategies can be given to festival organizers, wineries and destination management organizations. Research expands previous knowledge about customer segments in wine tourism. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study that has developed a wine festival visitor profile based on the experience economy framework.
Mid-XIX Century Estuary SST Time Series Recorded in the Venice Lagoon

Sea surface temperature (SST) is of paramount importance for comprehending ocean dynamics and hence the Earth’s climate system. Accordingly, it is also the most measured oceanographic parameter. However, until the end of the XIX century, no continuous time series of SST seems to exist, with most of the available data deriving from measurements on ships. Here, we present a continuous digitalized record of surface water measurements originally written in a book published in 1853. The measurements were retrieved thrice daily in the Venice lagoon, in the northeastern part of the Italian peninsula, from June to August 1851 and 1852. To the best of our knowledge, these data constitute the oldest time series of the entire world ocean. The measurements were performed by immersing a Réaumur thermometer a few meters deep in the lagoon water at 8 a.m., 12 p.m. , and 8 p.m. Despite several limitations affecting these data (e.g., lacking information regarding the exact water depth where measurements were performed and instrumental metadata), they are of utmost significance, as they put many decades backward the date of the development of a fundamental aspect of oceanographic observations. Moreover, the data were collected close to the Punta della Salute site, where actual sea water temperature measurements have been performed since 2002. Therefore, a unique comparison between surface water temperatures within the Lagoon of Venice across three centuries is possible.
Fabrication of Chitosan/Hydroxyethyl Cellulose/TiO2 Incorporated Mulberry Anthocyanin 3D-Printed Bilayer Films for Quality of Litchis

In this study, a bilayer antibacterial chromogenic material was prepared using chitosan (CS) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as inner substrate, mulberry anthocyanins (MA) as a natural tracer, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2)/CS:HEC as a bacteriostatic agent for the outer layer. By investigating their apparent viscosity and suitability for 3D printing links, the optimal ratio of the substrates was determined to be CS:HEC = 3:3. Viscosity of the CH was moderate. The printing process was consistent and exhibited no breakage or clogging. The printed image was highly stable and not susceptible to collapse and diffusion. Scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy indicated that intermolecular binding between the substances exhibited good compatibility. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) were evenly distributed in the CH and no agglomeration was observed. The inner film fill rates affected the overall performance of the chromogenic material, with strong inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at different temperatures, as well as strong color stability. The experimental results indicated that the double-layer antibacterial chromogenic material can, to a certain extent, extend the shelf life of litchi fruit and determine the extent of its freshness. Therefore, from this study, we can infer that the research and development of active materials have a certain reference value.
Voltage stability assessment prediction using a guide strategy-based adaptive particle swarm optimisation-neural network algorithm

In this work, the indicators of electrical power network stability and voltage stability (VS) are discussed and developed with the aim of using a power transfer stability index (PTSI) indicator as a predictor for voltage stability (VS) in electrical power networks. The power transfer stability index (PTSI) was thus used to detect abnormally weak voltages in buses within such power system networks (weak). The target data are obtained using the Newton Raphson method (NR) and include magnitude, phase angle, and active and reactive power. A new adaptive particle swarm optimization-neural network algorithm based on a guiding strategy (GSAPSO-NN) was also used to achieve the goal of the paper by improving the mixed particle updates and the weightings of the neural network to decrease the search time. All results were then compared with actual values as calculated using the PTSI NR method. The final results show only simple differences or approximately the same values using both the proposed and the classical methods. The MATLAB-PSAT package was employed to obtain most of these results and the testing of the new method was done on the IEEE14 bus system as well as the Iraqi 24-bus power system. The effectiveness validation of the new hybrid method for assessing voltage stability was thus achieved.
Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Properties of Doped TiO2 Nanopowders Synthesized by Sol−Gel Method

For environmental applications, nanosized TiO2-based materials are known as the most important photocatalyst and are intensively studied for their advantages such as their higher activity, lower price, and chemical and photoresist properties. Zn or Cu doped TiO2 nanoparticles with anatase crystalline structure were synthesized by sol−gel process. Titanium (IV) butoxide was used as a TiO2 precursor, with parental alcohol as a solvent, and a hydrolysing agent (ammonia-containing water) was added to obtain a solution with pH 10. The gels were characterized by TG/DTA analysis, SEM, and XPS. Based on TG/DTA results, the temperature of 500 °C was chosen for processing the powders in air. The structure of the samples thermally treated at 500 °C was analysed by XRD and the patterns show crystallization in a single phase of TiO2 (anatase). The surface of the samples and the oxidation states was investigated by XPS, confirming the presence of Ti, O, Zn and Cu. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticle powder samples was verified using the gram−positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The photocatalytic efficiency of the doped TiO2 nanopowders for degradation of methyl orange (MO) is here examined in order to evaluate the potential applications of these materials for environmental remediation.
A Framework for Transitioning to Virtual Classes During Life-Threatening Pandemics Like COVID-19

This research explains the benefits and challenges of virtual classes as experienced by university students during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The limited research on university students' experiences in virtual classrooms during the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted physical classes and forced educational institutions to blindly switch from physical classes to virtual classes, served as the inspiration for this study. The absence of a framework for smoothly transitioning from physical classes to virtual classes challenged this process. Furthermore, relatively few studies have been done on the empirical context of a developing nation with distinct social and economic circumstances, concerning university students' experiences of virtual classrooms during COVID-19. Thus a quantitative study using a single case study of a university in Southern Africa was guided by the duality of structure in Giddens Structuration Theory, which explains students' experiences by highlighting both positive aspects—such as flexibility, collaboration, accessibility, and availability of course materials—and negative aspects—such as high costs, boredom, and a lack of resources and training. Analysis was done using Microsoft Excel and the findings also showed how, during the COVID-19 epidemic, structures of dominance, signification, and legitimacy formed as a result of behaviors related to leadership, resources, empowerment, and adoption, which both facilitated and hampered the smooth transition to virtual classrooms. The paper concluded by proposing a framework for transitioning to virtual classes during life-threatening situations like the COVID-19 pandemic. Although not generalizable across all university contexts, these findings provide a foundation for understanding the university students’ experiences in virtual classes during COVID-19. These findings have both practical and theoretical implications since they both provide an explanation of experiences in virtual classes as well as propose a framework for guiding the process of moving away from physical classes towards virtual classes during life-threatening situations.
Identity method for particle number fluctuations and correlations

An incomplete particle identification distorts the observed event-by-event fluctuations of the hadron chemical composition in nucleus-nucleus collisions. A new experimental technique called the identity method was recently proposed. It eliminated the misidentification problem for one specific combination of the second moments in a system of two hadron species. In the present paper, this method is extended to calculate all the second moments in a system with an arbitrary number of hadron species. Special linear combinations of the second moments are introduced. These combinations are presented in terms of single-particle variables and can be found experimentally from the event-by-event averaging. The mathematical problem is then reduced to solving a system of linear equations. The effect of incomplete particle identification is fully eliminated from the final results.
Building Tourism With the Community: A Study of Local Participation Building a Tourism Village Based on Value Co Creation

The concept of value co ceation emphasizes the different value aspects created by tourism actors (local communities) and tourists, which are carried out together to develop or provide added value to tourist villages a form of local community participation in building a value co-creation-based tourism village. Qualitative research methodology, using the literat-review method of several journals relevant to the theme of research conducted by both national journals. The results study indicate several factors to identify the potential /opportunities for the formation of a tourist village, including tourist attractions, natural resources, tourism support facilities, preservation of traditional arts, religion, facilities and infrastructure, accommodation and hospitality as well as adjustment of new rules by following strict health protocols following the principles of Cleanliness, Health, Safety and Environmental Sustainability. While the challenges/problems of forming a tourist village consist of limited knowledge and information, low quality of human resources, limited knowledge of destination management, conflicts of interest and hegemony of power, lack of public awareness, limited access to tourist destinations, limited facilities, and infrastructure, the level of community participation is still low, collaboration or synergy with various parties is still low.
A new innovative current controller for selective harmonic compensation using active power filters in a microgrid with renewable energy source

In this paper, a novel current controller for selective compensation with active power filter (APF) in a microgrid (MG) is proposed. Power generation with sinusoidal voltage and high quality is essential in the microgrid. Hence, a current control-based method for shunt active power filters aiming to compensate the selective harmonic is proposed. Also, voltage source converter is used in the APF to improve MG power quality. Using the suggested control method can reduce total harmonic distortion (THD). The obtained results from the MATLAB simulations proved the superior of our method than other methods to decrease the current harmonic in a microgrid to an admissible area. Additionally, the practical results obtained from the implementation of the proposed control approach on an actual microgrid confirm the efficacy of the proposed method.
A conic reformulation of Model Predictive Control including bounded and stochastic disturbances under state and input constraints

Current state-of-the-art model predictive control does not provide means to handle stochastic disturbances in the presence of constraints. In this paper, we reformulate the MPC problem by bringing feed-back into the future prediction. This feedback is used to control the system response to bounded and stochastic disturbances. This eliminates the conservativeness of open-loop prediction-based dynamic optimization of uncertain stochastic systems in the presence of constraints. The resulting control framework alloys us to formulate the problem as a conic optimization. For conic problems numerically efficient algorithms exist, making on-line application of our strategy possible.
Who Benefited More From the Developmental Education Reform in Florida? The Role of Exemption Status

Under Florida’s developmental education (DE) reform since 2014, recent public high school graduates and active-duty military personnel became exempt from DE and traditional placement tests. The legislation also required colleges to provide accelerated instruction strategies for students remaining in DE and offer enhanced advising and support services for all incoming students. Focusing on the differential policy impacts on exempt and nonexempt students, we used statewide administrative data to examine changes in first-year completion rates for gateway math and English courses before and after the reform. Overall, and for those deemed to be college-ready, nonexempt students benefited more from the reform; however, the opposite is true for students who were not college-ready, with exempt students benefiting more. This study confirms that each component of the reform has played a role in contributing to its success.
Penerapan Asesmen Formatif Pembelajaran Fisika dengan Kuis Game Edukasi dan Penilaian Diri Siswa SMA

Pembelajaran Fisika di abad 21 ini menuntut guru agar dapat menggunakan perangkat teknologi terintegrasi dalam pembelajarannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan asesmen formatif pembelajaran fisika dengan kuis game edukasi materi pemanasan global dan dilengkapi dengan penilaian diri siswa. Penelitian ini melibatkan 21 siswa SKS 2 Tahun MAN 2 Kota Probolinggo sebagai subjek penelitian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi yang menggunakan model Countenance Stake dengan tiga fokus kegiatan diantaranya adalah antecedents, transaction, dan outcomes yang dilandasi dari rasionalisasi penelitian dan kesesuainnya baik secara logis dan empiric. Asesmen formatif pada penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi Kahoot! dan penilaian diri siswa dibuat menggunakan google form. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi Kahoot! sangat tepat digunakan untuk memberikan umpan balik yang cepat dan efektif kepada siswa, sehingga perbaikan pemahaman pengetahuan dan informasi yang dibutuhkan siswa dapat diberikan secara langsung. Adanya data penilaian diri memberikan informasi kepada peneliti terkait dengan konfirmasi keyakinan siswa dalam menerima pengetahuan.
Evaluation of Trapped Radiation Model Uncertainties for Spacecraft Design

The standard AP8 and AE8 models for predicting trapped proton and electron environments have been compared with several sets of flight data to evaluate model uncertainties. Model comparisons are made with flux, dose, and activation measurements made on various U.S. low-Earth orbit satellites (APEX, CRRES, DMSP, LDEF, NOAA) and Space Shuttle flights, on Russian satellites (Photon-8, Cosmos-1887, Cosmos-2044), and on the Russian Mir Space Station. This report gives a summary of the model-data comparisons-detailed results are given in a companion report. Results from the model comparisons with flic,ht data show, for example, the AP8 model underpredicts the trapped proton flux at low altitudes by a factor of about two (independent of proton energy and solar cycle conditions), and that the AE8 model overpredicts the flux in the outer electron belt by an order of magnitude or more.
An automatic channel selection method based on the standard deviation of wavelet coefficients for motor imagery based brain–computer interfacing

The redundant data in multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals significantly reduces the performance of brain–computer interface (BCI) systems. By removing redundant channels, a channel selection strategy increases the classification accuracy of BCI systems. In this work, a novel channel selection method (stdWC) based on the standard deviation of wavelet coefficients across channels is proposed to identify Motor Imagery (MI) based EEG signals. The wavelet coefficients are calculated by employing a Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) filter bank to decompose each trial from the EEG channel. The wavelet coefficient's standard deviation values are obtained across the channels, and these values are then sorted to determine the EEG channels with the highest standard deviation values. The channels with the largest wavelet coefficient divergence are chosen. MI trials are then spatially filtered with the Common Spatial Pattern (CSP), and CWT filter bank‐based 2D images are generated from the spatially filtered trials. These images are then classified using a unique nine‐layered convolutional neural network (CNN) model that combines two feature maps acquired with differing filter sizes. The proposed framework (stdWC‐CSP‐CNN) is evaluated using kappa score and classification accuracy on two publically accessible datasets (BCI Competition III dataset IVa and BCI Competition IV dataset 2a). The suggested framework achieved a mean test classification accuracy of 88.8% for dataset IVa from BCI Competition III and 75.03% for dataset 2a from BCI Competition IV, according to the results. The proposed channel selection method outperforms the other channel selection methods examined, according to the results. By rejecting redundant channels, the whole framework can improve the performance of MI‐based BCIs.