Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of chronic peri-adolescent cannabinoid exposure on schizophrenia-like behaviour in rodents

Background The link between cannabis use and schizophrenia is well-established in epidemiological studies, especially among adolescents with early-onset use. However, this association in rodent models is less clear. This meta-analysis examined the effects of adolescent cannabinoid exposure on distinct schizophrenia-like behaviours in rodents and how experimental variations influence outcomes. Methods Following a pre-registered protocol (CRD42022338761), we searched PubMed, Ovid Medline, Embse and APA PsychInfo for English-language original studies until 2022. We synthesised data from experiments on schizophrenia-like behaviour in rats and mice after repeated peri-pubertal (onset between P23-P45) cannabinoid exposure. Risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s tool. Results We included 291 experiments from 91 articles across 9 behavioural tests. We found meta-analytic evidence supporting that CB1R agonists, both natural and synthetic, elicited broad schizophrenia-like behavioural alterations, including impaired working memory (g =-0.58 [CI: -1.00,-0.16]), novel object recognition (g=-0.63 [CI: -0.97,-0.30]), novel object location recognition (g=-0.70 [CI: -1.22,-0.28]), social motivation (g=-0.40 [CI: -0.63, -0.16]), pre-pulse inhibition (g=-0.48 [CI: -0.89, -0.08]), and sucrose preference (g=-0.92 [CI: -1.87,0.04]). By contrast, effects on novelty-induced locomotion were negligible. Subgroup analyses revealed similar effects across sexes and species. Substantial variance in the protocols and moderate-to-high heterogeneity in behavioural outcomes were observed. We found CBD may attenuate novelty-induced locomotion in an open field and enhance fear memory recall, but data was limited. Discussion This is the first meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the link between cannabinoids and schizophrenia-like behaviours in rodents. Our results support epidemiological links between early cannabis use and schizophrenia-like phenotypes, confirming the utility of animal models. Standardising protocols will optimise models to strengthen reproducibility and comparisons, our work provides a framework for refining rodent models to elucidate biological pathways linking cannabis and schizophrenia.
unsatu-Association of (cid:39)(cid:42)(cid:36)(cid:55)(cid:20) genotype, fatty acid composition, and concentration of copper in milk with spontaneous oxidized flavor

In 136 cows with altogether 969 milk samples, we investigated the effect of the acyl-coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 ( DGAT1 ) K232A polymorphism on milk fatty acid (FA) composition and how, in combination with copper concentration in milk, this influences the occurrence of spontaneous oxidized flavor. All milk samples were analyzed for concentrations of copper and individual FA and subjected to sensory analysis by trained judges. We found an effect of DGAT1 genotype on FA composition where mainly the long-chain FA were affected. The 232A allele was associated with larger proportions of the C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid and lower proportions of C16:0 FA. Milk concentrations of unsaturated FA and copper showed strong and unfavorable associations with spontaneous oxidized flavor (SOF) development. The interaction between FA and copper indicates that SOF will not develop as easily in milk with high copper content unless the substrate is available (i.e., in addition to the previously shown effect of copper in milk, unsaturated FA are required for the process of oxidation to progress). We observed a marked effect of the DGAT1 genotype on SOF development where the A allele was associated with a higher risk of SOF. Moreover, our results suggest that the effects of the FA C18:3 n-3 and of the polyunsaturated index on SOF development are beyond the effect of the DGAT1 genotype. Breed had an effect on FA composition but not on SOF development. Our results imply that copper, FA composition, and DGAT1 genotype are risk factors for SOF and considerations to these factors might be necessary in future breeding decisions.
Euro-Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in lowlands of the Ciscaucasian Region, European Russia

: Paradoxically, attention of experts on cladoceran biogeography is focused in Russia on the Arctic zone, Far East and Siberia, while Caucasus and Ciscaucasia are studied inadequately. The aim of this communication is to analyse the cladoceran fauna of lowlands of the Ciscaucasian Region to determine general regularities of their distribution, i
di-Assessing the ruminal action of the isopropyl ester of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid in continuous and batch cultures of mixed ruminal microbes

In dairy rations, Met is often a limiting amino acid that is provided by rumen-undegradable protein and rumen-protected sources of Met. A Met precursor, 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMB) has undergone considerable study for ruminal and postrumi-nal metabolism, whereas its isopropyl ester (HMBi) has been evaluated primarily with respect to its supply of metabolizable Met rather than as a preformed source of Met for microbial metabolism. A control and 3 isomolar Met treatments—0.097% dl-Met, 0.048% dl-Met plus 0.055% HMBi (Met + HMBi treatment), and 0.11% HMBi—were pulse-dosed every 8 h into continuous cultures simultaneously with feeding. Treatment had no effect on digestibilities of acid-detergent fiber or true organic matter. Digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose were linearly decreased with increasing HMBi inclusion. Concentration of NH 3 -N tended to decrease linearly and quadratically, and NH 3 -N flow tended to decrease linearly, with increasing HMBi inclusion; in contrast, the proportion of bacterial N derived from NH 3 -N increased linearly. Peptide N increased linearly and tended to be affected quadratically (highest for the HMBi treatment). Acetate and propionate production both decreased with increasing HMBi, but acetate declined more such that acetate:propionate increased linearly. Isobutyrate production decreased, but isovalerate and valerate increased with increasing HMBi inclusion. Relative changes in population abundance were not detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. In the second study, which was done in batch culture, Met treatments consisted of control, 0.097% l-Met, 0.097% l-Met, 0.125% dl-HMBi, 0.098% dl-HMB, 0.250% dl-HMBi (2× HMBi), 0.049% dl-Met + 0.063% dl-HMBi (Met + HMBi), and 0.098% dl-HMB + 0.039% isopropanol. All of these Met treatments were unlabeled (i.e., at natural abundance of 13 C) but simultaneously dosed with equivalent dosages of [1-13 C]-l-Met. All 8 treatments were inoculated with faunated or partially defaunated inocula. Protozoal abundance had minor effect on measurements. The unlabeled l-Met treatment had the lowest 13 C enrichment of Met in the microbial pellet followed by Met + HMBi and then d-Met or dl-HMB, which were lower than remaining treatments. The percentage of the [1-13 C]- l-Met dose recovered in microbial Met was lowest for the l-Met treatment; intermediate for d-Met, dl-HMB (with or without isopropanol), and Met + HMBi treatments; and highest for HMBi, 2× HMBi, and control. Results suggest that racemization of d-Met lags behind l-Met. The similar conversions of the HMBi and 2× HMBi treatments compared with the control suggests a low degradation of HMBi to provide unlabeled Met to dilute the [1-13 C]-l-Met dose for protein synthesis. The lack of treatment by time interaction suggests that these initial responses carried through during the 24 h of incubation. The proportion of HMBi available to ruminal microbes can influence microbial metabolism, potentially through formation of l-Met.
NOTES AND

Rank histograms are a tool for evaluating ensemble forecasts. They are useful for determining the reliability of ensemble forecasts and for diagnosing errors in its mean and spread. Rank histograms are generated by repeatedly tallying the rank of the veriﬁcation (usually an observation) relative to values from an ensemble sorted from lowest to highest. However, an uncritical use of the rank histogram can lead to misinterpretations of the qualities of that ensemble. For example, a ﬂat rank histogram, usually taken as a sign of reliability, can still be generated from unreliable ensembles. Similarly, a U-shaped rank histogram, commonly understood as indicating a lack of variability in the ensemble, can also be a sign of conditional bias. It is also shown that ﬂat rank histograms can be generated for some model variables if the variance of the ensemble is correctly speciﬁed, yet if covariances between model grid points are improperly speciﬁed, rank histograms for combinations of model variables may not be ﬂat. Further, if imperfect observations are used for veriﬁcation, the observational errors should be accounted for, otherwise the shape of the rank histogram may mislead the user about the characteristics of the ensemble. If a statistical hypothesis test is to be performed to determine whether the differences from uniformity of rank are statistically signiﬁcant, then samples used to populate the rank histogram must be located far enough away from each other in time and space to be considered independent.
Detection of local anomalies in high resolution hyperspectral imagery using geostatistical filtering and local spatial statistics

This paper describes a methodology to detect local anomalies in high resolution hyperspectral imagery, which involves successively a multivariate statistical analysis (PCA) of all spectral bands, a geostatistical filtering of noise and regional background in the first principal components using factorial kriging, and finally the computation of a local indicator of spatial autocorrelation to detect local clusters of high or low reflectance values as well as anomalies. A case study illustrates the ability of the filtering procedure to reduce the proportion of false alarms, and its robustness under low signal to noise ratios. By leveraging both spectral and spatial information, the technique requires little or no input from the user, and hence can be readily automated.
out-Associations between cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and long-term neurologic outcome in dogs with acute intervertebral disk herniation

Objective —To examine associations between CSF biomarkers, initial neurologic dysfunction, and long-term ambulatory outcome in dogs with acute intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH). Design —Prospective clinical study. Animals —54 dogs with acute thoracolumbar IVDH and 16 clinically normal dogs. Procedures —For each dog, variables, including CSF myelin basic protein (MBP), lactate, calcium, glucose, and total protein concentrations; nucleated cell count; and creatine kinase (
Efﬁcacy of Timed Embryo Transfer with Fresh and Frozen In Vitro Produced Embryos to Increase Pregnancy Rates in Heat-Stressed Dairy Cattle 1

Our objective was to determine whether pregnancy rates in heat-stressed dairy cattle could be enhanced by timed embryo transfer of fresh (nonfrozen) or frozen-thawed in vitro-derived embryos compared to timed insemination. Ovulation in Holstein cows was synchronized by a GnRH injection followed 7 d later by PGF 2 α and a second treatment with GnRH 48 h later. Control cows (n = 129) were inseminated 16 h (d 0) after the second GnRH injection. On d 7, a fresh (n = 133) or frozen-thawed (n = 142) in vitro-derived embryo was transferred to cows assigned for timed embryo transfer after categorizing the corpus luteum by palpation per rectum as 3 (excellent), 2 (good or fair), 1 (poor), and 0 (nonpalpable). Response to the synchronization treat-ment, determined by plasma progesterone concentration (ng/ml) ≤ 1.5 on d 0 and ≥ 2.0 on d 7, was 76.2%. Mean plasma progesterone concentration on d 7 increased as the quality of corpus luteum improved from category 0 to 3. Concentrations of progesterone in plasma were elevated ( ≥ 2.0 ng/ml) at 21 d in 64.7 (fresh embryo),
Exploring Confusion and Frustration as Non-linear Dynamical Systems

Numerous studies aim to enhance learning in digital environments throughemotionally-sensitiveinterventions. TheD’MelloandGraesser (2012) model of affect dynamics hypothesizes that when a learner encounters confusion, the degree to which it is prolonged (and transitions into frustration) or resolved, significantly affects their learning outcomes in digital environments. However, studies yield inconclusive results regarding relations between confusion, frustration, and learning. More research is needed to explore how confusion and frustration manifest during learning and its relation to outcomes. We go beyond past work looking at the rate, duration, and transitions of confusion and frustration by treating these affective states as non-linear dynamical systems consisting of expressive and behavioral components. We examined the frequency and recurrence of facial expressions associated with basic emotions (as automatically labeled by AffDex, a standard tool for analyzing emotions with video data) during confused and frustrated states (as automatically labeled with BROMP-based detectors applied to students’ interaction data). We compare these co-occurring patterns to learning outcomes (pre-tests, post-tests, and learning gains) within a digital learning environment, Betty’s Brain. Results showed that the frequency and recurrence rate of basic emotions expressed during confusion and frustration are complex and remain incompletely understood. Specifically, we show that confusion and frustration have different relationships with learning outcomes, depending on which basic emotion expressions they co-occur with. Implications of this study open avenues for better understanding these emotions as complex and non-linear dynamical systems, in the long-term enabling personalized feedback and emotional support within digital learning environments that enhance learning outcomes.
The Effects of Tenure Security on Women's Empowerment and Food Security: Evidence From a Land Regularization Program in Ecuador

This paper evaluates the impact of a rural land administration program in Ecuador on female empowerment and household food security. Using a double robust estimation that combines the difference-in-difference approach with inverse probability weighting, we explore whether receiving a georeferenced cadastral map of ones parcel provides women with increased bargaining power, empowering them to participate more actively in productive and consumption decision-making that leads to improved diversification of the production portfolio and the households food security. Although we find no significant effects on aggregate levels of empowerment, results show that female beneficiaries became more empowered with regards to access to resources, particularly in terms of applying for and receiving credit. Program participation also significantly affected womens time use, as beneficiary women spent more hours working in non-agricultural activities, investing in their own businesses, and generating off-farm wages. Households who received jointly titled cadastral maps also increased their food security and shifted their production portfolios towards crops and livestock products of both higher market and nutritional value. These results suggest that increasing informal tenure security through cadastral mapping may spur female empowerment, which enables women to increase their bargaining power within the household in order to improve their own and the family's overall welfare.
On the effects of variable leg-spring properties during hopping

Das Federmassemodell, auch spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP), beschreibt die Schwerpunktsbewegung biologischer Laufsysteme. Dieses Modell bildet die Beine als lineare Federn mit konstanten Parametern ab. In biologischen Systemen konnen sich federartige Eigenschaften der Gliedmasen jedoch zeitlich andern. Daher wurde in der vorliegenden Arbeit untersucht, inwieweit Variationen der Federparameter wahrend des Bodenkontaktes die Dynamik des Federmassemodells beeinflussen.
Stability of Block Algorithms with Fast Level 3 Blas

Block algorithms are becoming increasingly popular in matrix computations. Since their basic unit of data is a submatrix rather than a scalar they have a higher level of granularity than point algorithms, and this makes them well-suited to high-performance computers. The numerical stability of the block algorithms in the new linear algebra program library LAPACK is investigated here. It is shown that these algorithms have backward error analyses in which the backward error bounds are commensurate with the error bounds for the underlying level 3 BLAS (BLAS3). One implication is that the block algorithms are as stable as the corresponding point algorithms when conventional BLAS3 are used. A second implication is that the use of BLAS3 based on fast matrix multiplication techniques aaects the stability only insofar as it increases the constant terms in the normwise backward error bounds. For linear equation solvers employing LU factorization it is shown that xed precision iterative reenement helps to mitigate the eeect of the larger error constants. Despite the positive results presented here, not all plausible block algorithms are stable; we illustrate this with the example of LU factorization with block triangular factors, and we describe how to check a block algorithm for stability without doing a full error analysis. AMS(MOS) subject classiications. primary 65F05, 65F25, 65G05.
Evidence Based Big Data Benchmarking to Improve Business Performance D 3 . 4 Release Version of DataBench Toolbox including visualization and search components

Considering that horizontal benchmarking is focusing on a specific process or activity, this document deliverable D1.4Horizontal Benchmarks – Data Management (M24) will present the various horizontal benchmarks in the area of data management, including data acquisition and curation and data storage for various classes of storage systems. The deliverable D1.4 is responsible for the initial classic layer of big data benchmarks related to data management including data acquisition and curation and data storage for various classes of storage systems. The deliverable D1.4 is focusing on classical big data benchmarks related to data management covering both for data acquisition and curation, and for data storage. It will be examined a number of existing database benchmarks for various types of SQL and NoSQL storage types and file systems as part of this classical area of database benchmarking. Different indexing and retrieval schemes will be benchmarked for the various big data types. The historically successful benchmarks such as the TPC-series of benchmarks with BigBench, BigDataBench and many others will be analyzed. The Linked Data/Graph database benchmarks focuses here on the performance of Graph databases and RDF storage. The suite of horizontal benchmarks adapted for this will be representative of all relevant data management solutions relevant for the industrial requirements. This document will classify the benchmarks to four categories: • Data Protection: Privacy/Security Management Benchmarks related to data management • Data Management: Data Storage and Data Management Benchmarks • Cloud/HPC • Edge and IoT Data Management Benchmarks This "D1.4 Horizontal Benchmarks – Data Management" document is relating to the public version of the document "D1.2 DataBench Framework – with Vertical Big Data Type benchmarks" which have been provided at the same time as this document. It is also complementary to the " D1.3 Horizontal Benchmarks – Analytics and Processing" document. Deliverable D1.4 DataBench Horizontal Benchmarks – Data Management DataBench Grant Agreement No 780966
From real world mining incidents to descriptive data visualisations by developing a Knowledge Graph

Within the CARPA project, a forum and crowdsourcing application are developed to gather mining-related incidents to gain insights about the incidents. The incidents are submitted to the forum by mineworkers and NGOs. Currently, most submitted incidents are from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The incidents vary from deaths at mining sites to corruption cases. Unfortunately, most submitted incidents do not contain enough information, which makes further processing difficult. This research investigates the submitted incident data and makes an effort to enrich the data in order to achieve visualisation and analysis purposes for the CARPA stakeholders by developing a Knowledge Graph. To accomplish this, data enrichment requirements and Knowledge Graph construction methodologies according to best practices are investigated. By combining various datasets with the incident data, the Knowledge Graph is developed with a corresponding ontology in an iterative design science process. A Knowledge Graph facilitates the users of prompt data connections without manual data decryption. Furthermore, the Knowledge Graph is evaluated using competency questions and a visual dashboard where the incidents are plot on a map. In addition, a Natural Language Processing (NLP) script is developed as a Proof of Concept that can automatically categorise the incident types and calculates when possible coordinates.
Changes in communication tensions for men facing prostate cancer: a longitudinal study

ABSTRACT Background: Communication tensions are experienced by men not only while waiting for a prostate biopsy, but also subsequently, whether they are diagnosed with cancer or cleared of prostate issues. This longitudinal study comprised an initial study (T1) and a follow-up study (T2), three years later. It followed 25 men waiting for the result of a prostate biopsy and explored the changes in communication tensions they experienced. Method: Using semi-structured interviews and relational dialectical theory, this study assessed (a) how the communication tensions identified at T1 evolved over the intervening three years, (b) what new tensions emerged at T2, and (c) the types of discourse the tensions were embedded in. Results: The study found that the form of communication tensions changed from T1 to T2. Furthermore, it found that the tensions were both time- and context-specific. The communication tension at T2 were embedded in two competing discourses of health and wellbeing and of individualism. Conclusion: Recognizing the tensions men with prostate issues face enables targeted support from family members and medical professionals, which, in turn, facilitates a quicker return to normality for the men.
Rapid and selective surveillance of Arabidopsis thaliana genome annotations with Centrifuge

UNLABELLED Centrifuge is a user-friendly system to simultaneously access Arabidopsis gene annotations and intra- and inter-organism sequence comparison data. The tool allows rapid retrieval of user-selected data for each annotated Arabidopsis gene providing, in any combination, data on the following features: predicted protein properties such as mass, pI, cellular location and transmembrane domains; SWISS-PROT annotations; Interpro domains; Gene Ontology records; verified transcription; BLAST matches to the proteomes of A.thaliana, Oryza sativa (rice), Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster and Homo sapiens. The tool lends itself particularly well to the rapid analysis of contigs or of tens or hundreds of genes identified by high-throughput gene expression experiments. In these cases, a summary table of principal predicted protein features for all genes is given followed by more detailed reports for each individual gene. Centrifuge can also be used for single gene analysis or in a word search mode. AVAILABILITY http://centrifuge.unil.ch/ CONTACT edward.farmer@unil.ch.