Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Escherichia coli grpE gene codes for heat shock protein B25.3, essential for both lambda DNA replication at all temperatures and host growth at high temperature

We have identified the grpE gene product as the B25.3 heat shock protein of Escherichia coli on the following evidence: (i) a protein similar in size and isoelectric point to B25.3 was induced after infection of UV-irradiated bacteria by lambda grpE+ transducing phage, (ii) mutant phage lambda grpE40, isolated by its inability to propagate on grpE280 bacteria, failed to induce the synthesis of the B25.3 protein, and (iii) lambda grpE+ revertants, derived from phage grpE40 as able to propagate on grpE280 bacteria, simultaneously recovered the ability to induce synthesis of the B25.3 protein. In addition, we show that E. coli bacteria carrying the grpE280 mutation are temperature sensitive for bacterial growth at 43.5 degrees C. Through transductional analysis and temperature reversion experiments, it was demonstrated that the grpE280 mutation is responsible for both the inability of lambda to replicate at any temperature tested and the lack of colony formation at high temperature. At the nonpermissive temperature the rates of synthesis of DNA and RNA were reduced in grpE280 bacteria.
Integrating intention and context: assessing social cognition in adults with Asperger syndrome

Deficits in social cognition are an evident clinical feature of the Asperger syndrome (AS). Although many daily life problems of adults with AS are related to social cognition impairments, few studies have conducted comprehensive research in this area. The current study examined multiple domains of social cognition in adults with AS assessing the executive functions (EF) and exploring the intra and inter-individual variability. Fifteen adult's diagnosed with AS and 15 matched healthy controls completed a battery of social cognition tasks. This battery included measures of emotion recognition, theory of mind (ToM), empathy, moral judgment, social norms knowledge, and self-monitoring behavior in social settings. We controlled for the effect of EF and explored the individual variability. The results indicated that adults with AS had a fundamental deficit in several domains of social cognition. We also found high variability in the social cognition tasks. In these tasks, AS participants obtained mostly subnormal performance. EF did not seem to play a major role in the social cognition impairments. Our results suggest that adults with AS present a pattern of social cognition deficits characterized by the decreased ability to implicitly encode and integrate contextual information in order to access to the social meaning. Nevertheless, when social information is explicitly presented or the situation can be navigated with abstract rules, performance is improved. Our findings have implications for the diagnosis and treatment of individuals with AS as well as for the neurocognitive models of this syndrome.
Functional Validation of Apoptosis Genes IAP1 and DRONC in Midgut Tissue of the Biting Midge Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) by RNAi

Abstract Culicoides biting midges transmit multiple ruminant viruses, including bluetongue virus and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, causing significant economic burden worldwide. To further enhance current control techniques, understanding vector–virus interactions within the midge is critical. We developed previously a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery method to induce RNA interference (RNAi) for targeted gene knockdown in adult Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones. Here, we confirm the C. sonorensis inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (CsIAP1) as an anti-apoptotic functional ortholog of IAP1 in Drosophila, identify the ortholog of the Drosophila initiator caspase DRONC (CsDRONC), and demonstrate that injection of dsRNA into the hemocoel can be used for targeted knockdown in the midgut in C. sonorensis. We observed CsIAP1 transcript reduction in whole midges, with highest transcript reduction in midgut tissues. IAP1knockdown (kd) resulted in pro-apoptotic caspase activation in midgut tissues. In IAP1kd midges, midgut tissue integrity and size were severely compromised. This phenotype, as well as reduced longevity, was partially reverted by co-RNAi suppression of CsDRONC and CsIAP1. Therefore, RNAi can be directed to the midgut of C. sonorensis, the initial site of virus infection, using dsRNA injection into the hemocoel. In addition, we provide evidence that the core apoptosis pathway is conserved in C. sonorensis and can be experimentally activated in the midgut to reduce longevity in C. sonorensis. This study thus paves the way for future reverse genetic analyses of midgut–virus interactions in C. sonorensis, including the putative antiviral properties of RNAi and apoptosis pathways.
Digital Behaviors and People Risk: Challenges for Risk Management

Abstract Purpose This research explores the implications for risk management of “People Risk. ” In particular how online digital behaviors, particularly from young people entering the workplace for the first time, might impact on the work setting and how risk management might mitigate impact on the employee and organization. Design/methodology/approach A mixed methods approach was used to consider these implications and draws from a number of data sources in the United Kingdom including a database of self-review data around online safety policy and practice from over 2000 schools, a survey of over 1000 14–16 year olds and their attitudes toward sexting, and a survey of over 500 undergraduate students. In addition the work considers existing risk management approaches and the models therein and how they might be applied to people risk. Findings The dataset analyzed in this exploration show an education system in the United Kingdom that is not adequately preparing young people with an awareness of the implications of digital behavior in their lives and the survey data shows distorted social norms that might have serious consequences in the workplace. Practical implications This research should raise concerns for managers in the workplace who need to be aware of the changes in “normal” behavior and how these potentially harmful practices may be mitigated in the workplace. Originality/value The research provides a strong evidence base for a change in “acceptable” social behavior by children and young people alongside an education system not promoting effective awareness. These two datasets combined highlight potential new risks to the workplace.
Factors Affecting Resilience and Development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Critical Care Nurses

Background Job stress and cumulative exposure to traumatic events experienced by critical care nurses can lead to psychological distress and the development of burnout syndrome and posttraumatic stress disorder. Resilience can mitigate symptoms associated with these conditions. Objective To identify factors that affect resilience and to determine if the factors have direct or indirect effects on resilience in development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Methods Data from 744 respondents to a survey mailed to 3500 critical care nurses who were members of the American Association of Critical‐Care Nurses were analyzed. Mplus was used to analyze a mediation model. Results Nurses who worked in any type of intensive care unit other than the medical unit and had high scores for resilience were 18% to 50% less likely to experience posttraumatic stress disorder than were nurses with low scores. Nurses with a graduate degree in nursing were 18% more likely to experience posttraumatic stress disorder than were nurses with a bachelor's degree. Conclusion Because of their effects on resilience, working in a medical intensive care unit and having a graduate degree may influence the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Future research is needed to better understand the impact of resilience on health care organizations, development of preventive therapies and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder for critical care nurses, and the most appropriate mechanism to disseminate and implement strategies to address posttraumatic stress disorder.
Editorial: Interplay between NO Signaling, ROS, and the Antioxidant System in Plants

Over the last decades, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), and particularly nitric oxide (NO), have been linked to a wide variety of physiological processes in plants, ranging from the control of developmental processes to the regulation of plant responses against biotic or abiotic stress. In addition to the regulation of ROS and RNS biosynthesis, the exquisite modulation of their activities is also under the control of a complex network of regulatory enzymes and compounds constituting the antioxidant system. The Research Topic on the Interplay between NO signaling, ROS and the antioxidant system in plants aims to provide an up-to-date view of this increasingly important area through both original articles and detailed reviews.
Sustained expression of miR-26a promotes chromosomal instability and tumorigenesis through regulation of CHFR

Abstract MicroRNA 26a (miR-26a) reduces cell viability in several cancers, indicating that miR-26a could be used as a therapeutic option in patients. We demonstrate that miR-26a not only inhibits G1-S cell cycle transition and promotes apoptosis, as previously described, but also regulates multiple cell cycle checkpoints. We show that sustained miR-26a over-expression in both breast cancer (BC) cell lines and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) induces oversized cells containing either a single-large nucleus or two nuclei, indicating defects in mitosis and cytokinesis. Additionally, we demonstrate that miR-26a induces aneuploidy and centrosome defects and enhances tumorigenesis. Mechanistically, it acts by targeting G1-S transition genes as well as genes involved in mitosis and cytokinesis such as CHFR, LARP1 and YWHAE. Importantly, we show that only the re-expression of CHFR in miR-26a over-expressing cells partially rescues normal mitosis and impairs the tumorigenesis exerted by miR-26a, indicating that CHFR represents an important miR-26a target in the regulation of such phenotypes. We propose that miR-26a delivery might not be a viable therapeutic strategy due to the potential deleterious oncogenic activity of this miRNA.
Pain and Opioid Use After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty With Injectable Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Interscalene Block.

Postoperative pain control is a significant concern after total shoulder arthroplasty. Injectable periarticular liposomal bupivacaine, which has been found to decrease opioid use after orthopedic procedures, has been proposed as a viable alternative to regional anesthesia. This study compared the efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine vs interscalene block among patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty. A retrospective review was conducted of 79 patients who underwent anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty performed by a single surgeon between January 2013 and April 2015. Patient demographics, in-hospital Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) score obtained at 12-hour intervals, length of stay, and total in-hospital morphine equivalents in both the bupivacaine (n=25) and block (n=44) groups were recorded. Differences in length of stay, morphine equivalents, and age were assessed with Wilcoxon tests. Sex differences were assessed with the chi-square test. Repeated measures analysis with least square means was used to assess longitudinal changes in NPRS scores. No significant differences were found between groups for sex (P=.89), age (P=.81), American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (P=.50), preoperative opioid use (P=.41), length of stay (P=.32), or morphine equivalents (P=.71). The average NPRS score in the first 12 hours was 3.01 for the bupivacaine group and 4.41 for the interscalene block group (P=.25). By 48 hours postoperatively, average NPRS scores were similar (P=.93) for the 2 groups, 4.90 for the bupivacaine group and 4.19 for the interscalene block group. The findings for this cohort of patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty showed no significant difference for pain scores, postoperative narcotic use, or length of stay with injectable liposomal bupivacaine vs interscalene block. [Orthopedics. 2017; 40(5):e806-e811. ].
Trespassing the Boundaries: Labeling Temporal Bounds for Object Interactions in Egocentric Video

Manual annotations of temporal bounds for object interactions (i.e. start and end times) are typical training input to recognition, localization and detection algorithms. For three publicly available egocentric datasets, we uncover inconsistencies in ground truth temporal bounds within and across annotators and datasets. We systematically assess the robustness of state-of-the-art approaches to changes in labeled temporal bounds, for object interaction recognition. As boundaries are trespassed, a drop of up to 10% is observed for both Improved Dense Trajectories and Two- Stream Convolutional Neural Network. ,, We demonstrate that such disagreement stems from a limited understanding of the distinct phases of an action, and propose annotating based on the Rubicon Boundaries, inspired by a similarly named cognitive model, for consistent temporal bounds of object interactions. Evaluated on a public dataset, we report a 4% increase in overall accuracy, and an increase in accuracy for 55% of classes when Rubicon Boundaries are used for temporal annotations.
Growing up with perinatal HIV: changes in clinical outcomes before and after transfer to adult care in the UK

Introduction: With improved survival, adolescents with perinatal HIV (PHIV) are transitioning from paediatric to adult care, but there are few published data on clinical outcomes post‐transfer. Using linked data from patients in the national UK/Ireland paediatric cohort (CHIPS) and an adult UK cohort of outpatient clinics (UK CHIC), we describe mortality and changes in immunological status post‐transfer.
Hash based efficient secure routing for network communication

Mobile ad-hoc networks are a new field in networking because it works as an autonomous network. Application of mobile ad-hoc networks are increasing day by day in recent year now a days. So it important is increasing to provide suitable routing protocol and security from attacker. Mobile ad-hoc network now a days faces many problems such as small bandwidth, energy, security, limited computational and high mobility. The main problem in mobile ad-hoc networks is that wireless networks, Infrastructure wireless networks have larger bandwidth, larger memory, power backup and different routing protocol easily applies. But in case of mobile ad-hoc networks some of these application failed due to mobility and small power backup so it is required such type of routing protocol which is take small energy during the transfer of packet. So we see that still there are many challenging works in mobile ad-hoc networks remained and to research in this area related to routing protocol, security issues, solving energy problem and many more which is feasible to it. Our research most probably will be dedicated to Authentication in mobile ad-hoc network.
Left atrial appendage closure for "primary primary" prevention during percutaneous closure of septal defects in patients with large atria but no atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND Percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure is a routine procedure to prevent right ventricular failure, pulmonary hypertension, or paradoxical embolism. The latter is the typical reason for percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure. Atrial enlargement represents a risk for develop-ing atrial fibrillation (AF). Percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure is emerging as a preven-tive therapy for patients in AF who suffered from a previous stroke or bleeding (secondary prevention) or patients without previous stroke or bleeding (primary prevention). Percutaneous septal closure, particularly that of large ASDs, may inhibit future percutaneous left atrial access when required for LAA closure. Reported herein is the feasibility and safety of concomitant percutaneous closure of the LAA and a septal shunt, mostly large ASDs, in patients without AF, in the sense of "primary primary" preventive LAA closure. The first "primary" relates to "in anticipation of AF" and potentially also for "for prevention of AF". The second "primary" relates to "prevention of stroke or bleeding". METHODS Thirteen consecutive patients, older than 40 years without any clinical or electrocardio-graphic evidence of AF, underwent percutaneous closure of large ASDs or PFOs in the presence of enlarged atria at the university hospitals of Bern and Zurich between April 2013 and June 2015. They concomitantly received "primary primary" preventive LAA closure after informed consent. RESULTS Mean patient age was 58 ± 9 years (46% male). Procedural success was achieved in all pa-tients and no major adverse events occurred acutely or during the following 2.0 ± 0.8 years. No patient developed AF. CONCLUSIONS Concomitant closure of ASD or PFO in the presence of enlarged atria and LAA for "primary primary" prevention appears feasible and safe but has yet to prove its justification.
The influence of the layout on the ESD performance of HV-LDMOS

The root causes of the high voltage (HV) LDMOS (Fig. 2) failed at the low voltage electrostatic-discharge (ESD) zap is found. One is caused by the bulk layout and one is caused by the intrinsic characteristic of the device. From the findings, a new structure is proposed to eliminate the root causes without sacrificing the IV characteristics and dimension of the device.
Space division full-duplex scheme with joint scheduling and precoding design

In-band full-duplex, allowing simultaneous transmission and reception on the same device over the same frequency, can double the spectral efficiency theoretically. However, the severe self-interference challenges the physical layer design. Thus, to simplify the interference cancellation (IC), the space division full-duplex (SDFD) is considered, where two spatial-separated transmission points (TPs), e.g., base stations, simultaneously serve the same cell in downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), respectively. In this paper, assuming the TP has digital-domain IC capability only, we study the SDFD scheme in heterogeneous network, i.e., a small cell (named SDFD-cell) is served as SDFD via macro TP (MTP) in DL and small TP (STP) in UL. Due to the inter-TP interference, the capacity of SDFD-cell is restricted by the digital-domain IC. Moreover, SDFD degrades the performance of other non-SDFD-cells. Therefore, we propose a joint scheduling and precoding design algorithm. The scheduling scheme selects a user equipment (UE) pair in the SDFD-cell for DL and UL transmissions as proportional fairness metric. Then, an optimal precoder is designed for MTP to reduce the interference in both SDFD-cell and non-SDFD-cells. The simulation results verify that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the capacity of the SDFD-cell with limited capacity degradation in non-SDFD-cells.
An automated image analysis framework for segmentation and division plane detection of single live Staphylococcus aureus cells which can operate at millisecond sampling time scales using bespoke Slimfield microscopy

Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen, giving rise to antimicrobial resistance in cell strains such as Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Here we report an image analysis framework for automated detection and image segmentation of cells in S. aureus cell clusters, and explicit identification of their cell division planes. We use a new combination of several existing analytical tools of image analysis to detect cellular and subcellular morphological features relevant to cell division from millisecond time scale sampled images of live pathogens at a detection precision of single molecules. We demonstrate this approach using a fluorescent reporter GFP fused to the protein EzrA that localises to a mid-cell plane during division and is involved in regulation of cell size and division. This image analysis framework presents a valuable platform from which to study candidate new antimicrobials which target the cell division machinery, but may also have more general application in detecting morphologically complex structures of fluorescently labelled proteins present in clusters of other types of cells.
Efficient Rendezvous Algorithms for Mobility-Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks

Recent research shows that significant energy saving can be achieved in mobility-enabled wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that visit sensor nodes and collect data from them via short-range communications. However, a major performance bottleneck of such WSNs is the significantly increased latency in data collection due to the low movement speed of mobile base stations. To address this issue, we propose a rendezvous-based data collection approach in which a subset of nodes serve as rendezvous points that buffer and aggregate data originated from sources and transfer to the base station when it arrives. This approach combines the advantages of controlled mobility and in-network data caching and can achieve a desirable balance between network energy saving and data collection delay. We propose efficient rendezvous design algorithms with provable performance bounds for mobile base stations with variable and fixed tracks, respectively. The effectiveness of our approach is validated through both theoretical analysis and extensive simulations.
Network dynamics of social influence in the wisdom of crowds

Significance Since the discovery of the wisdom of crowds over 100 years ago theories of collective intelligence have held that group accuracy requires either statistical independence or informational diversity among individual beliefs. Empirical evidence suggests that allowing people to observe the beliefs of others leads to increased similarity of individual estimates, reducing independence and diversity without a corresponding increase in group accuracy. As a result, social influence is expected to undermine the wisdom of crowds. We present theoretical predictions and experimental findings demonstrating that, in decentralized networks, social influence generates learning dynamics that reliably improve the wisdom of crowds. We identify general conditions under which influence, not independence, produces the most accurate group judgments. A longstanding problem in the social, biological, and computational sciences is to determine how groups of distributed individuals can form intelligent collective judgments. Since Galton’s discovery of the “wisdom of crowds” [Galton F (1907) Nature 75:450–451], theories of collective intelligence have suggested that the accuracy of group judgments requires individuals to be either independent, with uncorrelated beliefs, or diverse, with negatively correlated beliefs [Page S (2008) The Difference: How the Power of Diversity Creates Better Groups, Firms, Schools, and Societies]. Previous experimental studies have supported this view by arguing that social influence undermines the wisdom of crowds. These results showed that individuals’ estimates became more similar when subjects observed each other’s beliefs, thereby reducing diversity without a corresponding increase in group accuracy [Lorenz J, Rauhut H, Schweitzer F, Helbing D (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:9020–9025]. By contrast, we show general network conditions under which social influence improves the accuracy of group estimates, even as individual beliefs become more similar. We present theoretical predictions and experimental results showing that, in decentralized communication networks, group estimates become reliably more accurate as a result of information exchange. We further show that the dynamics of group accuracy change with network structure. In centralized networks, where the influence of central individuals dominates the collective estimation process, group estimates become more likely to increase in error.