Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Registro de la cotorra argentina (Myiopsitta monachus) en la Ciudad de México y áreas adyacentes

Reporto registros de la cotorra argentina (Myiopsitta monachus) en seis sitios de la Ciudad de México y áreas adyacentes. Observé varios individuos de esta especie, así como nidos entre agosto de 2008 y marzo de 2012. Los nidos localizados fueron construidos sobre eucaliptos y palmeras, y sólo en un sitio observé la especie anidando y con polluelos. El tamaño de los grupos observados sobrevolando y en nidos varió de 2 a 14 individuos. Estas observaciones son notables ya que el número de registros es escaso y sugieren una posible ampliación en la distribución de la especie en la República Mexicana. Lo anterior requiere la implementación de medidas que permitan controlar la expansión de esta especie en México a través de la reubicación de ciertos individuos en aviarios y el retiro de los nidos.
TENET: topological feature-based target characterization in signalling networks

MOTIVATION Target characterization for a biochemical network is a heuristic evaluation process that produces a characterization model that may aid in predicting the suitability of each molecule for drug targeting. These approaches are typically used in drug research to identify novel potential targets using insights from known targets. Traditional approaches that characterize targets based on their molecular characteristics and biological function require extensive experimental study of each protein and are infeasible for evaluating larger networks with poorly understood proteins. Moreover, they fail to exploit network connectivity information which is now available from systems biology methods. Adopting a network-based approach by characterizing targets using network features provides greater insights that complement these traditional techniques. To this end, we present Tenet (Target charactErization using NEtwork Topology), a network-based approach that characterizes known targets in signalling networks using topological features. RESULTS Tenet first computes a set of topological features and then leverages a support vector machine-based approach to identify predictive topological features that characterizes known targets. A characterization model is generated and it specifies which topological features are important for discriminating the targets and how these features should be combined to quantify the likelihood of a node being a target. We empirically study the performance of Tenet from a wide variety of aspects, using several signalling networks from BioModels with real-world curated outcomes. Results demonstrate its effectiveness and superiority in comparison to state-of-the-art approaches. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Our software is available freely for non-commercial purposes from: https://sites.google. com/site/cosbyntu/softwares/tenet CONTACT hechua@ntu.edu. sg or assourav@ntu.edu. sg SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Effects of the spatial organization of agricultural management on the hydrological behaviour of a farmed catchment during flood events

Field limits, tillage practices and ditch networks constitute man‐made hydrological discontinuities in farmed catchments, and are expected to influence hydrological response during flood events. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of human impact, especially the existence of tillage practices and ditch network, on flood events. The study area is the farmed catchment of Roujan (0·91 km2) located in Southern France for which a spatially distributed hydrological model, MHYDAS, was developed and tested. The model considers the catchment as a series of interconnected field parts linked to the ditch network. Descriptions are provided for the main model procedures: computation of Hortonian excess rainfall on fields using the Green and Ampt approach, conversion of excess rainfall to surface runoff, interaction between ditch network and groundwater using a simple Darcian model and flood routing through the ditch network using the diffusive wave model. To analyse the role of both tillage practices and the ditch network, two sets of sensitivity analysis of the model were applied. The first set studied the role of tillage practices by comparing the actual spatial distribution of tillage practices on the catchment with three hypothetical scenarios. The second set studied the role of the ditch network by comparing the actual man‐made ditch network with a hypothetical drainage network automatically extracted from a digital elevation model. Results show the importance of the role of tillage and the ditch network on the form of the hydrograph, the lag time, the runoff volume and the peak discharge. This technique could also be applied to study the impact of land use change on the hydrological behaviour of the catchment. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How Much Bandpass Filtering is Required in Massive MIMO Base Stations?

In this paper, we study the impact of aliased out-of-band (OOB) interference signals on the information sum rate of the maximum ratio combining receiver in massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) uplink, with both perfect and imperfect channel estimates, in order to determine the required out-of-band attenuation in radio-frequency (RF) bandpass filters (BPFs). With imperfect channel estimates, our study reveals that as the number of base-station (BS) antennas (<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$M$</tex></formula>) increases, the required attenuation at the BPFs increases as <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mathcal {O}(\sqrt{M})$</tex></formula> with <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$M \rightarrow \infty$</tex></formula>, provided the desired information sum rate (both in the presence and in the absence of aliased OOB interferers) remains fixed. This implies a practical limit on the number of BS antennas due to the increase in BPF design complexity and power consumption with increasing <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$M$</tex></formula>.
Molecular targeting of antiangiogenic factor 16K hPRL inhibits oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice.

PURPOSE To examine the ability and mechanism of the 16 kDa N-terminal fragment of human prolactin (16K hPRL) in the inhibition of abnormal retinal neovascularization. METHODS The 16K hPRL-encoding sequence was inserted into an adenoviral vector (16K-Ad). Western blot analysis verified the expression of 16K hPRL and inhibition of proliferation, confirming functional activity of the 16K hPRL in virus-infected adult bovine aortic endothelial (ABAE) cells. 16K hPRL inhibited retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. The ability of recombinant 16K hPRL expressed in E. coli (r16K hPRL) was compared to that of endostatin in inducing apoptosis of cultured human retinal endothelial cells (HREC). RESULTS 16K was expressed in virus-infected ABAE cells and resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Eyes injected with 16K-Ad showed a reduction in preretinal neovascularization of 82.3 +/- 9.3% (P < 0.00001) when compared to uninjected controls. r16K hPRL was 100 times more potent than endostatin in inducing apoptosis in HRECs. CONCLUSIONS Intravitreal administration of 16K hPRL inhibited neovascularization in the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. 16K hPRL stimulated apoptosis in HRECs and inhibited cell proliferation in ABAE cells. These results suggested a potential therapeutic role for 16K hPRL in the treatment of proliferative retinopathies.
Hierarchical Image-Based Rendering using Texture Mapping Hardware

Multi-layered depth images containing color and normal information for subobjects in a hierarchical scene model are precomputed with standard zbuffer hardware for six orthogonal views. These are adaptively selected according to the proximity of the viewpoint, and combined using hardware texture mapping to create "reprojected" output images for new viewpoints. (If a subobject is too close to the viewpoint, the polygons in the original model are rendered.) Specific z-ranges are selected from the textures with the hardware alpha test to give accurate 3D reprojection. The OpenGL color matrix is used to transform the precomputed normals into their orientations in the final view, for hardware shading.
Development of a Microscale Implantable Neural Interface (MINI) Probe System

Cortical recording devices hold promise for providing augmented control of neuroprostheses and brain-computer interfaces in patients with severe loss of motor function due to injury or disease. This paper reports on the preliminary in vitro and in vivo results of our microscale implantable neural interface (MINI) probe system. The MINI is designed to use proven components and materials with a modular structure to facilitate ongoing improvements as new technologies become available. This device takes advantage of existing, well-characterized Michigan probe technologies and combines them to form a multichannel, multiprobe cortical assembly. To date, rat, rabbit, and non-human primate models have been implanted to test surgical techniques and in vivo functionality of the MINI. Results demonstrate the ability to form a contained hydrostatic environment surrounding the implanted probes for extended periods and the ability of this device to record electrophysiological signals with high SNRs. This is the first step in the realization of a cortically-controlled neuroprosthesis designed for human applications
A GENETIC APPROACH FOR THE AUTOMATIC ADAPTATION OF SEGMENTATION PARAMETERS

The key step in object-oriented image classification is the segmentation of the image into discrete meaningful objects. Generally the relation between the segmentation parameters and the corresponding segmentation outcome is far from being obvious, and the definition of suitable parameter values is usually done through a troublesome and time consuming trial and error process. This paper proposes a method for the automatic adaptation of segmentation parameters based on Genetic Algorithms. The intuitive and computationally uncomplicated fitness function proposed expresses the similarity of the segmentation result with a reference provided by the user. The method searches the solution space for a set of parameter values that minimizes this fitness function. A prototype including an implementation of a widely used segmentation algorithm was developed to assess performance of the method. A set of experiments on two pairs of LANDSAT and IKONOS images was carried out and the method was able in most cases to come close to the ideal solution. * Corresponding author.
Understanding Relation Temporality of Entities

This paper demonstrates the importance of relation equivalence for entity translation pair discovery. Existing approach of understanding relation equivalence has focused on using explicit features of cooccurring entities. In this paper, we explore latent features of temporality for understanding relation equivalence, and empirically show that the explicit and latent features complement each other. Our proposed hybrid approach of using both explicit and latent features improves relation translation by 0.16 F1-score, and in turn improves entity translation by 0.02.
The Rate of Ozone Uptake on Carpets: Experimental Studies

Ozone can react with surfaces, reducing indoor concentrations. Carpets may be important ozone sinks because of their high surface area. We conducted laboratory experiments to measure ozone uptake on four samples of whole carpet and on the corresponding carpet fibers and carpet backing. Results were parametrized in terms of reaction probability, defined as the rate of ozone loss on a surface normalized by the rate of ozone-surface collisions. For whole carpet and carpet-backing samples, we found the apparent reaction probability to be of magnitude 10-5 to 10-4. These results are referenced to the floor area that would be covered by the carpet, rather than to the total surface area of the carpet and its fibers. Reaction probabilities of the order of 10-7 to 10-6 were measured on carpet fibers, referenced to total estimated fiber area. The results indicate that carpet is of comparable significance to painted walls in scavenging ozone from indoor air. All samples tested exhibited aging, such that the rate of .
Benchmarking Intelligent Service Robots through Scientific Competitions: The RoboCup@Home Approach

The dynamical and uncertain environments of domestic service robots, which include humans, require rethinking of the benchmarking principles for testing these robots. Since 2006 RoboCup@Home has used statistical procedures to track and steer the progress of domestic service robots. This paper explains the procedures and shows outcomes of these international benchmarking efforts. Although aspects such as shopping in a supermarket receive a fair amount of attention in the robotics community, the authors believe that a recently implemented test is the most important outcome of RoboCup@Home, namely the benchmarking of robot cognition.
Modeling Interregional Interaction: Implications for Defining Functional Regions

Abstract The concept of the functional region is intimately linked to selectivity in human interaction and the ratio of within-region to between-region interaction has often been cited as a possible basis for delimiting functional regions. This paper extends the well-known spatial interaction model to the analysis of interregional and intraregional interactions. The Interregional Interaction Model explains the behavioral phenomena that we recognize as functional distance and functional regions, and calibration of the model amounts to their objective delimitation. Regionally biased interactions are simulated, and the embedded regional structure successfully recovered in a series of tests, even when substantial error components are introduced into the simulations. A heuristic calibration technique is developed for large problems. The heuristic is used to partition the United States into two functional regions, based on student migration matrices. A cluster of southeastern states consistently emerges as a fu.
Formation and growth of normal faults at the divergent plate boundary in Iceland

The divergent plate boundary in Iceland is characterized by 40–80 km long and 5–10 km wide swarms of tension fractures (∼102 m long) and normal faults (∼103 m long). The upper part of the crust is mainly composed of lava flows, with abundant columnar joints that are mostly perpendicular to the lava contacts. The lava flows are horizontal at the surface of the rift zone but become tilted at the rate of 1° for every 150 m depth in the crust. At the surface of the rift zone the joints are vertical and parallel to the vertical principal stress. Because of tilting of the lava pile, the columnar joints become oblique to this stress, hence becoming potential shear fractures, and form echelon sets at greater depths in the crust. Theoretical considerations suggest that normal faults start to nucleate on sets of en echelon columnar joints and/or large-scale tension fractures at crustal depths of 0.5–1.5 km. The width (depth) must be the smallest (controlling) dimension of many faults. Nevertheless, there is a positive linear relation (r = 0.91) between maximum throw and length of the Holocene faults. If the faults grow as self-similar structures, the throw-length relationship can be explained by a similar relation between fault length and width.
Diet and breast cancer

The role of diet for the risk of breast cancer is of great interest as a potentially modifiable risk factor. The evidence from prospective observational studies was reviewed and summarized on selected dietary factors, gene‐diet interactions, and breast cancer incidence. Dietary factors were considered that, based on their nutritional constituents, are of particular interest in the context of breast cancer: fat intake, biomarkers of fat intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, antioxidant vitamins (vitamins A, C, E, and beta‐carotene), serum antioxidants, carbohydrate intake, glycemic index and glycemic load, dairy consumption (including vitamin D), consumption of soy products and isoflavones, green tea, heterocyclic amines, and adolescent diet. The PubMed database was searched for all prospective studies that relate these dietary items to the incidence of breast cancer or consider gene‐diet interactions. Among the prospective epidemiologic studies conducted on diet and breast cancer incidence and gene‐diet interactions and breast cancer incidence, to date there is no association that is consistent, strong, and statistically significant, with the exception of alcohol intake, overweight, and weight gain. The apparent lack of association between diet and breast cancer may reflect a true absence of association between diet and breast cancer incidence or may be due to measurement error exceeding the variation in the diet studied, lack of sufficient follow‐up, and focus on an age range of low susceptibility. The risk of breast cancer can be reduced by avoidance of weight gain in adulthood and limiting the consumption of alcohol. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
Designing Boosting Ensemble of Relational Fuzzy Systems

A method frequently used in classification systems for improving classification accuracy is to combine outputs of several classifiers. Among various types of classifiers, fuzzy ones are tempting because of using intelligible fuzzy if-then rules. In the paper we build an AdaBoost ensemble of relational neuro-fuzzy classifiers. Relational fuzzy systems bond input and output fuzzy linguistic values by a binary relation; thus, fuzzy rules have additional, comparing to traditional fuzzy systems, weights - elements of a fuzzy relation matrix. Thanks to this the system is better adjustable to data during learning. In the paper an ensemble of relational fuzzy systems is proposed. The problem is that such an ensemble contains separate rule bases which cannot be directly merged. As systems are separate, we cannot treat fuzzy rules coming from different systems as rules from the same (single) system. In the paper, the problem is addressed by a novel design of fuzzy systems constituting the ensemble, resulting in normalization of individual rule bases during learning. The method described in the paper is tested on several known benchmarks and compared with other machine learning solutions from the literature.
Classifying Student Academic Performance: A Hybrid Approach

large amount of electronic data that require proper management to discover previously hidden knowledge. Having a set of non-transformed data may be a huge waste as specific processes onto the data would result in the discovery of valuable knowledge. This paper describes the development of a predictive model to classify undergraduate students' class of graduation: first class, second class upper division, second class lower division, or third class. The hybrid techniques used to support the classification are Bayesian probability and neural network.
Assembly of a large earthquake from a complex fault system: Surface rupture kinematics of the 4 April 2010 El Mayor–Cucapah (Mexico) Mw 7.2 earthquake

The 4 April 2010 moment magnitude (M_w) 7.2 El Mayor–Cucapah earthquake revealed the existence of a previously unidentified fault system in Mexico that extends ∼120 km from the northern tip of the Gulf of California to the U.S.–Mexico border. The system strikes northwest and is composed of at least seven major faults linked by numerous smaller faults, making this one of the most complex surface ruptures ever documented along the Pacific–North America plate boundary. Rupture propagated bilaterally through three distinct kinematic and geomorphic domains. Southeast of the epicenter, a broad region of distributed fracturing, liquefaction, and discontinuous fault rupture was controlled by a buried, southwest-dipping, dextral-normal fault system that extends ∼53 km across the southern Colorado River delta. Northwest of the epicenter, the sense of vertical slip reverses as rupture propagated through multiple strands of an imbricate stack of east-dipping dextral-normal faults that extend ∼55 km through the Sierra Cucapah. However, some coseismic slip (10–30 cm) was partitioned onto the west-dipping Laguna Salada fault, which extends parallel to the main rupture and defines the western margin of the Sierra Cucapah. In the northernmost domain, rupture terminates on a series of several north-northeast–striking cross-faults with minor offset (<8 cm) that cut uplifted and folded sediments of the northern Colorado River delta in the Yuha Desert. In the Sierra Cucapah, primary rupture occurred on four major faults separated by one fault branch and two accommodation zones. The accommodation zones are distributed in a left-stepping en echelon geometry, such that rupture passed systematically to structurally lower faults. The structurally lowest fault that ruptured in this event is inclined as shallowly as ∼20°. Net surface offsets in the Sierra Cucapah average ∼200 cm, with some reaching 300–400 cm, and rupture kinematics vary greatly along strike. Nonetheless, instantaneous extension directions are consistently oriented ∼085° and the dominant slip direction is ∼310°, which is slightly (∼10°) more westerly than the expected azimuth of relative plate motion, but considerably more oblique to other nearby historical ruptures such as the 1992 Landers earthquake. Complex multifault ruptures are common in the central portion of the Pacific North American plate margin, which is affected by restraining bend tectonics, gravitational potential energy gradients, and the inherently three-dimensional strain of the transtensional and transpressional shear regimes that operate in this region.
Full-swing logic circuits in a complementary BiCMOS technology

It has been demonstrated that full-swing complementary MOS/bipolar logic (FS-CMBL) circuits utilizing a push-pull emitter-follower driver and base-emitter shunting to achieve full swing are potentially advantageous for scaled BiCMOS technologies. In these circuits, delay and power consumption depend on characteristics of the base-to-base clamping diode, parasitic capacitances at the two base nodes, and techniques used to achieve full swing. Variations of full-swing complementary circuits utilizing different clamping diodes and full-swing techniques, implemented in a full-complementary BiCMOS technology, are presented. The FS-CMBL circuits demonstrate a clear advantage over the conventional npn-only, partial-swing BiCMOS circuit
Hyperprolactinemia and Schizophrenia: Mechanisms and Clinical Aspects

The association between elevated prolactin levels and conventional antipsychotics is well-established. The novel antipsychotic, risperidone, has also been shown to elevate prolactin levels. Patients undergoing treatment with these medications are at high risk for developing hyperprolactinemia, which is associated with decreased bone mineral density, osteoporosis, menstrual disruptions and infertility, galactorrhea, breast cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and sexual impairment. Patients treated with conventional antipsychotics and risperidone should be routinely screened for hyperprolactinemia, and monitored for known sequelae. Optimally, patients with hyperprolactinemia secondary to antipsychotic drug treatment should be switched to a prolactin-sparing antipsychotic. This review will briefly highlight the regulation and function of prolactin secretion, discuss clinical effects of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia, and suggest a course of treatment.