Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of a New High-Frequency B-Dot Probes to Detect Electromagnetic Characteristics of Helicon Wave Antenna in the Near Field

A new radio frequency (RF) diagnostic, combined B-dot probe with an electrostatic probe array, has been installed on the linear experimental advanced device (LEAD) to characterize the RF wave propagation and plasma parameters. It can directly indicate the RF wave–plasma coupling properties and provide the necessary parametric information for experimental studies of wave physics. The probe’s signal acquisition system has been developed, taking the consideration of electromagnetic compatibility to eliminate RF interference to ensure the reliability of the probe data. The measured magnetic field in the antenna near field in LEAD by B-dot probe coincides with the COMSOL simulation, which validates the measurement. Moreover, the reliability of the data from the electrostatic probe was verified by making a comparison with data measured by other independent Langmuir probes.
Location of Irrigated Land Classified from Satellite Imagery - High Plains Area, Nominal Date 1992

Satellite imagery from the Landsat Thematic Mapper (nominal date 1992) was used to classify and map the location of irrigated land overlying the High Plains aquifer. The High Plains aquifer underlies 174,000 square miles in parts of Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a water-quality study of the High Plains aquifer as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program. To help interpret data and select sites for the study, it is helpful to know the location of irrigated land within the study area. To date, the only information available for the entire area is 20 years old. To update the data on irrigated land, 40 summer and 40 spring images (nominal date 1992) were acquired from the National Land Cover Data set and processed using a band-ratio method (Landsat Thematic Mapper band 4 divided by band 3) to enhance the vegetation signatures. The study area was divided into nine subregions with similar environmental characteristics, and a band-ratio threshold was selected from imagery in each subregion that differentiated the cutoff between irrigated and nonirrigated land. The classified images for each subregion were mosaicked to produce an irrigated-land map for the study area. The total amount of irrigated land classified from the 1992 imagery was 13.1 million acres, or about 12 percent of the total land in the High Plains. This estimate is approximately 1.5 percent greater than the amount of irrigated land reported in the 1992 Census of Agriculture (12.8 millions acres).
SPACECRAFT ANOMALY ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION SYSTEM - SAAPS

A spacecraft anomaly analysis and prediction system (SAAPS) is under development. The three main modules of SAAPS are: 1) a database of space environment data and spacecraft anomalies, 2) tools to analyze the space environment at times of anomalies, 3) models to predict the environment and anomalies. The database will contain solar wind data, magnetospheric particle flux data, and geomagnetic indices. The database is updated in real time. The analysis module consists of different statistical and neural network tools that should help to identify the cause of anomalies. The prediction module contains statistical and neural network models to predict various space environment parameters and spacecraft anomalies. As the database is updated in real time this also enables forecasting. In this work we describe the various parts of SAAPS.
Cost-Effective TMDL Implementation Planning and Hydrology as a Critical Decision-Aiding Tool

An innovative, risk-based approach to implementation planning for Bacterial TMDL compliance was developed by regulated agencies discharging to the Santa Monica Bay in Los Angeles County, California. This work was in support of the development of the Bacterial Implementation Plan, which uses an integrated water resources management approach, addressing multiple pollutants, beneficial use opportunities, and multiple agencies in its overall solution. The purpose of this analysis was twofold: first, to estimate the capture volumes of stormwater runoff that must be managed to meet the TMDL requirements; and second, to assist the agencies and stakeholders with the establishment of levels of confidence and risk in estimating stormwater runoff volumes and evaluating potential Implementation Plan alternatives. An ancillary, yet significant benefit of the method is that it allows for a collaborative and informed approach toward decision-making; this approach has been well-received by regulatory agencies and environmental groups. Many of the beaches along Santa Monica Bay were listed on California’s 1998 section 303(d) list due to impairments for coliform or for beach closures associated with bacteria. The beaches appeared on the 303(d) list because the elevated bacteria and beach closures prevented full support of the beaches designated use for water contact recreation (REC-1). The California Regional Water Quality Control Board (Regional Board) implemented bacteria objectives using a “reference system/antidegradation approach” which recognizes that there are natural sources of bacteria that may cause or contribute to exceedances of the single sample objectives. The Santa Monica Bay Wet Weather Bacteria TMDL (for Jurisdictions 2 and 3, which includes the County of Los Angeles, Cities of Los Angeles, Santa Monica, and El Segundo, and Caltrans), stipulates both rolling 30-day geometric mean and single sample limits, and provides for an “allowable number of wet weather exceedance days” (daily sampling). In the subject jurisdiction, 17 exceedance days are allowed.
Unveiling antimicrobial resistance in Chilean fertilized soils: a One Health perspective on environmental AMR surveillance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to humans and animals as well as the environment. Within agricultural settings, the utilization of antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry can lead to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. In Chile, the widespread use of animal-derived organic amendments, including manure and compost, requires an examination of the potential emergence of AMR resulting from their application. The aim of this research was to identify and compare AMR genes found in fertilized soils and manure in Los Andes city, Chile. Soil samples were collected from an agricultural field, comprising unamended soils, amended soils, and manure used for crop fertilization. The selected genes (n = 28) included genes associated with resistance to beta-lactams, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, polymyxins, macrolides, quinolones, aminoglycosides, as well as mobile genetic elements and multidrug resistance genes. Twenty genes were successfully identified in the samples. Tetracycline resistance genes displayed the highest prevalence, followed by MGE and sulfonamides, while quinolone resistance genes were comparatively less abundant. Notably, blaOXA, sulA, tetO, tetW, tetM, aac (6) ib. , and intI1, exhibited higher frequencies in unamended soils, indicating their potential persistence within the soil microbiome and contribution to the perpetuation of AMR over time. Given the complex nature of AMR, it is crucial to adopt an integrated surveillance framework that embraces the One Health approach, involving multiple sectors, to effectively address this challenge. This study represents the first investigation of antimicrobial resistance genes in agricultural soils in Chile, shedding light on the presence and dynamics of AMR in this context.
Evolutionary Face Tracking by Intensity Distribution Model

We propose a novel method which does not require a pre-learning with large image database. Furthermore, this method can detect not only the frontal face but also the tilted face. The proposed method is based on a template matching with genetic algorithm (GA). This method uses a facial intensity distribution template. This template represents a intensity distribution feature of the face parts, skin, palpebral ssure, nares, and mouth. An intensity distribution of candidate areas are created by GA. Each candidate area is observed relatively by an intensity distribution based on the template. The intensity distribution of a candidate area, which is similar to the template, is chosen as face region. Experimental results show that this method can detect and track the frontal face without the pre-learinig in the complex background.
Analysis of Runoff Variation of Zhengyixia Section in Heihe River Based on SPSS Model

In recent years,discharge transferred from the middle reaches to the lower reaches of Heihe River has been gradually reduced and it has triggered a series of ecological and environmental problems in the lower reaches of Heihe River.Based on analysis of change of increased discharge capacity of Zhengyixia section from 1990 to 2009,the SPSS model is applied to make linear regression analysis and reveals variation factors,which affect the water quantity of Zhengyixia section.And linear regression model is used to simulate the increased discharge capacity of Zhengyixia section in each year.Then variance analysis and residual error analysis are adopted to evaluate accuracy of simulation model.The results show that the SPSS model has high simulation precision;it reveals the discharge influence factors of Zhengyixia section and the corresponding weights,which provides a theoretical support for the final water distribution scheduling of the middle reaches of Heihe River;the result also provides reference for decision making of the related department.
PERANCANGAN JARINGAN KOMPUTER MENGGUNAKAN METODE FAILOVER

Jaringan komputer adalah sistem yang menghubungkan dua node atau lebih menggunakan media komunikasi, baik berupa kabel maupun tanpa kabel, sebagai perantara bertujuan berbagi sumber daya seperti software, data, perangkat keras seperti printer, dan media penyimpanan antara berbagai perangkat yang terhubung. Tidak adanya backup link jika salah satu port atau kabel mengalami keterlambatan layanan jaringan. Dalam hal ini router beralih ke ISP cadangan ketika ISP utama mengalami keterlambatan layanan jaringan. Sehingga pengguna tetap bisa menggunakan layanan tersebut meski ISP utama mengalami penundaan jaringan. Setelah diimplementasikan sistem failover di laboratorium TJKT SMKN 2 Lubuk Basung sistem failover sudah mempunyai jaringan cadangan dan membuat memudahkan administrator untuk tidak lagi mengubah jaringan secara manual. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode PPDIOO (Prepare, Plan, Design, Implement, Operate, and Optimize), dimana PPDIOO merupakan standar pengembangan siklus hidup manajemen jaringan. Dengan adanya sistem failover yang telah diterapkan pada router laboratorium TJKT SMKN 2 Lubuk Basung dapat mengatasi permasalahan pergantian sistem jaringan yang masih manual. Pada pengujian Failover, SpeedTest dan Qos (Quality of Service) terlihat pengujian berjalan maksimal karena mengalami penurunan yang sangat baik.
ANALISIS ATAS PENGAKUAN PENDAPATAN PADA PERUSAHAAN JASA KONTRUKSI KAITANNYA TERHADAP LAPORAN LABA RUGI PERUSAHAAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. INTAN RAYA YASODA)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pengakuan pendapatan dan beban dalam penerapan laporan laba rugi di PT. Intan Raya Yasoda telah sesuai dengan PSAK No. 34. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, dokumentasi dan studipustaka. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kuantitatif. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa PT. Intan Raya Yasoda melakukan pengakuan pendapatan dengan metode kontrak selesai, hal ini berbeda dengan anjuran PSAK No. 34 tentang kontrak jangka panjangyang menggunakan metode persentase penyelesaian. Sehingga terdapat selisih antara laporan laba rugi menurut perusahaan dengan laporan laba rugi menurut PSAK No. 34. Sedangkan untuk pengakuan beban dinilai telah sesuai dengan PSAK No. 34 karena perusahaan telah menggunakan metode akrual (accrual basis).
Mini-LEGO CPU Voltage Regulator

This article presents the design and optimization of a miniaturized 48-V-to-1-V, 240-A linear-extendable group operated point-of-load (LEGO-PoL) CPU voltage regulator module (VRM)—Mini-LEGO—with a volume of 30 mm×11.2 mm × 8.4 mm. The Mini-LEGO converter provides vertical power delivery, and it achieves a peak efficiency of 87.1%, a full load efficiency of 84.1%, and a power density of 1390 W/in$^{3}$ when stepping down a 48 V input voltage to an output voltage of 1 V. The Mini-LEGO offers compact device implementation, simple gate drive circuitry, and a fast regulation-stage switching frequency of 1.5 MHz. The 9-mm-by-9-mm, 4-phase, 20-A-per-phase vertical coupled inductor has a per-phase transient inductance of 10.3 nH, with its coupling reducing the ripple by a factor of six, and a height of 2.5 mm. This vertical coupled inductor structure is designed following a systematic approach to minimizing its height while achieving significant current ripple reduction and maintaining sufficient saturation margin. Thermal simulations are performed to verify the cooling feasibility. A measurement characterization method for vertical coupled inductor structures is introduced and used to characterize the designed vertical coupled inductor.
Zeeman Splitting of Torsional Oscillation Frequencies of Magnetars

Magnetars form a special class of neutron stars possessing superstrong magnetic fields and demonstrating power flares triggered by these fields. Observations of such flares reveal the presence of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) at certain frequencies; they are thought to be excited in the flares. QPOs carry potentially important information on magnetar structure, magnetic field, and mechanisms of magnetar activity. We calculate frequencies of torsional (magneto-elastic) oscillations of the magnetar crust treating the magnetic field effects in the first order of perturbation theory. The theory predicts the splitting of non-magnetic oscillation frequencies into Zeeman components. Zeeman splitting of the torsional oscillation spectrum of magnetars was suggested, clearly described and estimated by Shaisultanov and Eichler (2009), but their work has not been given considerable attention. To extend it, we suggest the technique of calculating oscillation frequencies, including Zeeman splitting at not too strong magnetic fields for arbitrary magnetic field configuration. Zeeman splitting enriches the oscillation spectrum and simplifies the theoretical interpretation of observations. We calculate several low-frequency oscillations of magnetars with a pure dipole magnetic field in the crust. The results qualitatively agree with the low-frequency QPOs detected in the hyperflare of SRG 1806–20 and in the giant flare of SRG 1900+14.
Molecular Mechanisms of the Regulation of Liver Cytochrome P450 by Brain NMDA Receptors and via the Neuroendocrine Pathway—A Significance for New Psychotropic Therapies

Recent investigations have highlighted the potential utility of the selective antagonist of the NMDA receptor GluN2B subunit for addressing major depressive disorders. Our previous study showed that the systemic administration of the antagonist of the GluN2B subunit of the NMDA receptor, the compound CP-101,606, affected liver cytochrome P450 expression and activity. To discern between the central and peripheral mechanisms of enzyme regulation, our current study aimed to explore whether the intracerebral administration of CP-101,606 could impact cytochrome P450. The injection of CP-101,606 to brain lateral ventricles (6, 15, or 30 µg/brain) exerted dose-dependent effects on liver cytochrome P450 enzymes and hypothalamic or pituitary hormones. The lowest dose led to an increase in the activity, protein, and mRNA level of CYP2C11 compared to the control. The activities of CYP2A, CYP2B, CYP2C11, CYP2C6, CYP2D, and protein levels of CYP2B, CYP2C11 were enhanced compared to the highest dose. Moreover, CP-101,606 increased the CYP1A protein level coupled with elevated CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 mRNA levels, but not activity. The antagonist decreased the pituitary somatostatin level and increased the serum growth hormone concentration after the lowest dose, while independently decreasing the serum corticosterone concentration of the dose. The findings presented here unveil a novel physiological regulatory mechanism whereby the brain glutamatergic system, via the NMDA receptor, influences liver cytochrome P450. This regulatory process appears to involve the endocrine system. These results may have practical applications in predicting alterations in cytochrome P450 activity and endogenous metabolism, and potential metabolic drug–drug interactions elicited by drugs that cross the blood–brain barrier and affect NMDA receptors.
Research on Computation of GLCM of Image Texture

The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) has been proved to be a promising method for image texture analysis.However,the parameters in computing the GLCM of an image can be selected from a wide range,which results in a large amount of computation to be needed and makes it difficult to analyze the image textures.To simplify the computation of GLCM,we analyze the computation of GLCM by using Markov Chain property.We prove that GLCM is independent of distance and angle when distance is large enough.According to our analysis,the computation of GLCM is simplified by reducing the number of selected values of distance and angle.Finally,we give simulation results on natural texture images and SAR images to validate the theoretical analysis.
Dynamic and structure of phytoplankton community and environment in the lake Taabo (Côte d’Ivoire)

This study evaluated some parameters of Water quality and phytoplankton growth in order to ascertain its seasonality in the lake Taabo (South East of Cote d'Ivoire). Seasonality was mainly due to significant variations in parameters such as conductivity, turbidity, transparency and nutrients (mean values of nitrate and orthophosphate were respectively equal to 1.62 and 10 mg/L). The lake downstream presented some features: oxygenation and mineralization were higher than upstream, at the time. Chlorophyll a ranged from 4.8 to 16.5 mg/L. For algal species composition, 118 taxa distributed into 5 main groups and 45 genera were identified. The algal assemblage was dominated by Chlorophyceae (30.5%), followed by cyanobacteria (27.1%). Conditions prevailing in this biotope favoured a massive phytoplankton growth, dominated by Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria. Spatial and temporal analysis of nutrient and the composition of phytoplankton community revealed a seasonal variability in the ecosystem of the lake of Taabo which was under anthropogenic stress. This hydro system is growing towards a dystrophic state, thus implies an urgent need for restoration, followed by rehabilitation and process of elimination of solid materials in the lake catchment.
Overriding plate shortening and extension above subduction zones: A parametric study to explain formation of the Andes Mountains

Mountain building above subduction zones, such as observed in the Andes, is enigmatic, and the key parameter controlling the underlying dynamics remains a matter of considerable debate. A global survey of subduction zones is presented here, illustrating the correlation between overriding plate deformation rate and twelve physical parameters: overriding plate velocity, subducting plate velocity, trench velocity, convergence velocity, subduction velocity, subduction zone accretion rate, subducting plate age, subduction polarity, shallow slab dip, deep slab dip, lateral slab edge proximity, and subducting ridge proximity. All correlation coefficients are low (| R | ≤ 0.39), irrespective of the global reference frame, relative plate motion model, or overriding plate deformation model, except for the trench velocity (0.33–0.68, exact value depends on adopted global reference frame) and subduction velocity, which shows an anticorrelation (0.55–0.57). This implies that no individual parameter can explain overriding plate deformation, except that trench retreat generally corresponds to extension while an approximately stable trench or trench advance generally corresponds to shortening. Understanding of the variety of strain patterns is obtained when slab edge proximity and overriding plate velocity are combined. Orogenesis occurs in overriding plates bordering central regions of wide subduction zones (≥~4000 km) when the overriding plate is moving trenchward at 0–2 cm/yr (e.g., Andes, Japan). Because the center of a wide slab offers large resistance to lateral migration, the overriding plate effectively collides with the subduction hinge, forcing the slab to attain a shallow dip angle (e.g., Nazca and Japan slabs). Overriding plate extension is only found close to lateral slab edges or during overriding plate motion away from the center of a wide subduction zone, but in the latter scenario, maximum extension velocities are much lower than in the former scenario. For subduction settings close to lateral slab edges, overriding plate motion plays no significant role in overriding plate deformation. Thus, for rapid overriding plate extension, the key ingredient is rapid trench retreat, which only occurs close to lateral slab edges, while for overriding plate shortening, the key ingredients are (1) the resistance to rapid trench and hinge retreat, which occurs far from lateral slab edges, and (2) trenchward overriding plate motion.
There's no place like home: Cambrian to Devonian brachiopods critically useful for analysing palaeogeography

Brachiopods useful for assessing palaeogeography from the Cambrian to the Devonian are briefly reviewed, since they mostly occur in rocks deposited under the seas on the continental shelves. Comparison of the communities which were originally represented (especially when integrated with other phyla such as trilobites in the Cambrian and Ordovician) can help to distinguish between old continents, since different benthic faunas were often confined to the opposite sides of large oceans. Because there were fewer of them and they were largely confined to shallower-water environments, Cambrian articulated brachiopods are less useful than their descendants. However, from the Ordovician onwards the brachiopod community distributions characterise, for example among others, the Iapetus Ocean and its closure; and the Mediterranean Province, which was confined to the higher-latitude parts of Gondwana. During the Silurian, most faunas were less provincially distributed, apart from in the high southern palaeolatitudes where Clarkeia and others flourished in the Afro-South American Realm, and in the northern palaeolatitudes, only preserved in Siberia and Mongolia, which was colonised by the Tuvaella Fauna. There was marked provinciality of brachiopods in the Early Devonian, for example in the Malvinokaffric Province at high southern palaeolatitudes. However, the subsequent faunas became less provincial, since global temperatures were relatively high during the Middle and Late Devonian, and there were fewer notable endemic communities. The Carboniferous communities are less well known, but the Permian is well characterised, with a variety of different provincial brachiopod faunas. A systematic note is included on Pentamerus oblongus, the type species of the rock-forming early Silurian genus Pentamerus, which is also the type of its family, superfamily, suborder and order.
IDENTIFICATON OF THE ELBURZ MOUNTAINS, IRAN JUNIPER AS JUNIPERUS POLYCARPOS VAR. POLYCARPOS

The utilization of 3,714 bp from four gene regions (nrDNA, petN-psbM, trnD-trnT, trnS-trnG) was sufficient to accurately identify an unknown juniper taxon from the Elburz Mtns. , Iran as Juniperus polycarpos var. polycarpos, not J. excelsa. The combined NJ tree (3,714 bp) showed J. polycarpos var. turcomanica to be more closely related to J. excelsa, than to J. p. var. polycarpos. Phytologia 93(3): 316-321 (December 1, 2011).