Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Machine perfusion versus cold storage for preservation of kidneys from expanded criteria donors after brain death

The purpose of this study was to analyze the possible effects of machine perfusion (MP) versus cold storage (CS) on delayed graft function (DGF) and early graft survival in expanded criteria donor kidneys (ECD). As part of the previously reported international randomized controlled trial 91 consecutive heart‐beating deceased ECDs – defined according to the United Network of Organ Sharing definition – were included in the study. From each donor one kidney was randomized to MP and the contralateral kidney to CS. All recipients were followed for 1 year. The primary endpoint was DGF. Secondary endpoints included primary nonfunction and graft survival. DGF occurred in 27 patients in the CS group (29.7%) and in 20 patients in the MP group (22%). Using the logistic regression model MP significantly reduced the risk of DGF compared with CS (OR 0.460, P = 0.047). The incidence of nonfunction in the CS group (12%) was four times higher than in the MP group (3%) (P = 0.04). One‐year graft survival was significantly higher in machine perfused kidneys compared with cold stored kidneys (92.3% vs. 80.2%, P = 0.02). In the present study, MP preservation clearly reduced the risk of DGF and improved 1‐year graft survival and function in ECD kidneys.
Development of immunologic functions after bone marrow transplantation in 33 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency.

We retrospectively analyzed the development of lymphocytes and of the main immunological functions in 33 patients with severe combined immunodeficiency who survived at least 6 months after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Eighteen patients received HLA-identical BM and 15 received HLA-nonidentical BM. Development of immune functions occurred faster after HLA-identical BMT as full T- and B-lymphocyte-mediated responses were present at day 186 versus 505, respectively (P = .05). In addition, antibody responses remain completely or partially absent in 8 of 15 patients of the second group. Detection of antibody response after HLA-incompatible BMT correlated with engraftment of donor B cells in informative cases. In patients who received an HLA-nonidentical BMT after chemotherapy (6 of 15), development of immune functions occurred more rapidly and 6 of 6 had B-cell functions, including normal antibody production. Autoimmunity was not uncommon and was found after HLA-incompatible BMT (4 of 15) or after HLA-partially phenotypically identical BMT (2 of 3). Antibodies were in most cases specific for blood cells. Occurrence of autoimmunity correlates with poor B-cell functions and to a lesser extent with defective T-cell responses. This type of study may lead to definition of a more accurate strategy for performing BMT in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency.
B cell receptor pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: specific role of CC-292

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common adult leukemia. The current treatment paradigm involves the use of chemoimmunotherapy, when patients develop an indication for therapy. With this strategy, a majority of patients will obtain a remission, though cure remains elusive. While treatable, the majority of CLL patients will die of complications of their disease. Recent advances in the understanding of the importance of the B cell receptor (BCR) pathway in CLL have led to the development of a number of agents targeting this pathway. In this review, we discuss recent developments in the targeting of the BCR pathway, with a focus on CC-292. CC-292 covalently binds to Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, a key mediator of BCR signaling, and has demonstrated preclinical and clinical activity in CLL, with acceptable tolerability. Based on the success of CC-292 and other inhibitors of the BCR pathway, these agents are being investigated in combination with standard therapy, with the hope that they will increase the depth and length of response, without significant toxicity.
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience Integrative Neuroscience

been studied extensively, often highlighting the importance of the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). Bilateral removal of the STS region in macaques produces impaired perception of gaze direction without significantly affecting facial identity perception (Heywood and Cowey, 1992). Recent human functional MRI (fMRI) studies have identified the involvement of the pSTS and the adjacent middle and superior temporal gyri in social perception through eye movement (Allison et al., 2000). Gaze processing extends well beyond the STS to include the amygdala (Kawashima et al. These different regions seem to process different aspects of the visual and social properties of gaze. Other regions of relevance include the temporal areas implicated in face perception (i.e., the fusiform gyrus and STS), the fronto-parietal attention regions (i.e., the superior parietal lobule [SPL] and frontal eye field [FEF]), and areas implicated in emotion and social cognition (i.e., the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC]) (Nummenmaa and Calder, 2009). Thus, research in gaze processing is now outlining the neural basis of social attention, the cognitive components of which include the directing of social attention, attention shifting, processing of emotional reactions, and attribution of mental states.
A View of Terrorism from the Classroom: Reactions of Elementary Students to the Events of September 11.

This qualitative study followed 41 fourthand fifth-grade students from the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 through December of that year, in an attempt to understand how these students were affected by the attacks and subsequent government actions. ClaSs assignments and teachers' anecdotal journals were analyzed. Through their work and play, students indicated that they were knowledgeable about the terrorist attacks. Themes noted initially were sadness, anger, and pride in their country. Although they retained those emotions, the additional theme of fearof war, additional attacks, and anthraxgrew as the weeks passed. Three months later, students expressed the same four themes through references in their play, class discussions, and drawings spontaneously added to unrelated assignments. (Author) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. A View of Terrorism from the Classroom 1 Running head: A VIEW OF TERRORISM FROM THE CLASSROOM A View of Terrorism from the Classroom: Reactions of Elementary Students to the Events of September 11 Lyn C. Howell and Heidi J. Brown
A Step Towards Autonomy in Robotics via Reservoir Computing

Controlling articulated mobile robots is associated with the manipulation of very complex dynamics, leading to a straightforward lack in the kind of motions these robots can complete, i.e. confined to those computed off-line from the very approximated models of its bodies’ physics. Trajectory generation based on safety mathematical conditions, e.g. avoiding singularities or non-equilibrium states, limites its performance. It has been demonstrated that, by means of optimization process inside the low level control laws, robots may outperform its physical capabilities [1]. Inverse dynamics of very approximated and complex models are not helpful to design natural motions. The system presented in this paper uses a modular control architecture, where joint’s actuators share information between each other. The policies that gather and distribute the signals to the actuators are learned based on the task performance. Here we defend the idea of learning low level control primitives to achieve coordination [2], allowing the system to generate trajectories autonomously by using Policy Gradient Reinforcement learning techniques (PGRL), i.e an optimal control framework is established. In this poster a time-varying dynamics task is used as a test bed : The simulated version of the AIBO! robot completing a basketball-like task by means of PGRL ( see process video); control actions and output signals are presented while comparing changes during learning; additionally, different kind of PGRL algorithms are proved and compared from a control systems’ perspective.
Musical training software for children with cochlear implants

SUMMARY Although the voice in a free field has an excellent recruitment by a cochlear implant (CI), the situation is different for music because it is a much more complex process, where perceiving the pitch discrimination becomes important to appreciate it. The aim of this study is to determine the music perception abilities among children with Cis and to verify the benefit of a training period for specific musical frequency discrimination. Our main goals were to prepare a computer tool for pitch discrimination training and to assess musical improvements. Ten children, aged between 5 and 12 years, with optimal phoneme recognition in quiet and with no disabilities associated with deafness, were selected to join the training. Each patient received, before training period, two types of exams: a pitch discrimination test, consisting of discovering if two notes were different or not; and a music test consisting of two identification tasks (melodic and full version) of one musicitem among 5 popular childhood songs. After assessment, a music training software was designed and utilised individually at home for a period of six months. The results following complete training showed significantly higher performance in the task of frequency discrimination. After a proper musical training identification, frequency discrimination performance was significantly higher (p < 0.001). The same considerations can be made in the identification of the songs presented in their melodic (p = 0.0151) and full songs version (p = 0.0071). Cases where children did not reach the most difficult level may be due to insufficient time devoted to training (ideal time estimated at 2-3 hours per week). In conclusion, this study shows that is possible to assess musical enhancement and to achieve improvements in frequency discrimination, following pitch discrimination training.
Effect of Chitosan and Calcium Chloride Spraying on Fruits Quality of Florida Prince Peach Under Cold Storage

This work was carried out during two successive seasons (2009) and (2010) to examine the response of Florida Prince peach fruits to some pre-harvest treatments i.e. chitosan at 0.5 and 1.0% , and CaCl2 at 2 and 4 % as well as their combinations on some fruit quality parameters under cold storage . Fruit weight loss (%), decay (%) and T.S. S. (%) of Florida Prince peach fruits were increased in most cases with advancing the storage duration. However, fruit firmness and titratable acidity (%) were decreased with advancing the storage period. Meanwhile, the lowest values of weight loss (%) and decay (%) and the best results of shelf life and firmness were gained by using the treatment of 1% chitosan + 4% CaCl2. In addition, the highest fruit T.S. S. , besides the lowest fruit titratable acidity percentage was scored by control and chitosan treatments during the storage period.
Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy

Abstract Working with couples who are both survivors of emotional abuse and are currently in an emotionally abusive relationship can be particularly challenging for the clinician. This article focuses on Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy as a recommended practice approach for clients who are caught in emotionally abusive patterns with one another. The article reviews relevant literature on this approach and illustrates the specific interventions applied lo an emotionally abusive couple.
Semi-automatic Film-Direction Technique in Internet-Based Interactive Entertainment

Interactive entertainment permits users to participate actively. In this paper, we consider the importance of cinematic presentation in Internet-based interactive entertainment. We propose that a tool for the artistic and technical representation of presentation-layer demands of interactive entertainment already exists: a system called DirectorNotation. This system can provide the ability for the creation of artistically significant, adaptive, context sensitive, interactive, actionable multimedia content. In the work that has been presented so far on DirectorNotation, the applications that are considered target the professional film director in his filming activities to produce better results, or consider the "artificial intelligence" possibilities of exploiting a knowledge model of film directing. In this paper, we aim to create a connection to the domain of interactive entertainment, showing that this application area can achieve highly promising improvements by exploiting the suggested technology combination.
The prevalence of dementia among elderly people living in Zaragoza and Liverpool

SYNOPSIS The prevalence of dementia in elderly people living in the community was compared using data from Zaragoza (Spain) and Liverpool (UK). A standardized interview, the Geriatric Mental State (GMS), was administered to a random sample of 1070 persons in Liverpool and 1080 in Zaragoza. Using diagnoses derived from the GMS-AGECAT package we found no significant difference between the prevalence of dementia in Zaragoza (7·4%) and Liverpool (5·0%). The expected increase in prevalence with age was found, but the two cities did not appear to differ in the relationship between age and prevalence. No sex difference was apparent, and the two cities do not differ in the relationship between sex and prevalence.
A simple and general explanation for the evolution of altruism

We present a simple framework that highlights the most fundamental requirement for the evolution of altruism: assortment between individuals carrying the cooperative genotype and the helping behaviours of others with which these individuals interact. We partition the fitness effects on individuals into those due to self and those due to the ‘interaction environment’, and show that it is the latter that is most fundamental to understanding the evolution of altruism. We illustrate that while kinship or genetic similarity among those interacting may generate a favourable structure of interaction environments, it is not a fundamental requirement for the evolution of altruism, and even suicidal aid can theoretically evolve without help ever being exchanged among genetically similar individuals. Using our simple framework, we also clarify a common confusion made in the literature between alternative fitness accounting methods (which may equally apply to the same biological circumstances) and unique causal mechanisms for creating the assortment necessary for altruism to be favoured by natural selection.
Collapsing Polynomial-Time Degrees

For reducibilities r and r′ such that r is weaker than r′, we say that the r-degree of A, i.e., the class of sets which are r-equivalent to A, collapses to the r′-degree of A if both degrees coincide. We investigate for the polynomial-time bounded many-one, bounded truth-table, truth-table, and Turing reducibilities whether and under which conditions such collapses can occur. While we show that such collapses do not occur for sets which are hard for exponential time, we have been able to construct a recursive set such that its bounded truth-table degree collapses to its many-one degree. The question whether there is a set such that its Turing degree collapses to its many-one degree is still open; however, we show that such a set – if it exists – must be recursive.
The roles of bone‐derived exosomes and exosomal microRNAs in regulating bone remodelling

Pathological destructive bone diseases are primarily caused by the failure of a lifelong self‐renewal process of the skeletal system called bone remodelling. The mechanisms underlying this process include enhanced osteoclast activity and decreased generation of the osteoblast lineage. Intercellular interaction and crosstalk among these cell types are crucial for the maintenance of bone remodelling, either through the secretion of growth factors or direct cell–cell physical engagement. Recent studies have revealed that exosomes derived from bone cells, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts and their precursors, play pivotal roles on bone remodelling by transferring biologically active molecules to target cells, especially in the processes of osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation. Here, we review the contents of bone‐derived exosomes and their functions in the regulatory processes of differentiation and communication of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. In addition, we highlight the characteristics of microRNAs of bone‐derived exosomes involved in the regulation of bone remodelling, as well as the potential clinical applications of bone‐derived exosomes in bone remodelling disorders.
Large-Area Epitaxial Monolayer MoS2

Two-dimensional semiconductors such as MoS2 are an emerging material family with wide-ranging potential applications in electronics, optoelectronics, and energy harvesting. Large-area growth methods are needed to open the way to applications. Control over lattice orientation during growth remains a challenge. This is needed to minimize or even avoid the formation of grain boundaries, detrimental to electrical, optical, and mechanical properties of MoS2 and other 2D semiconductors. Here, we report on the growth of high-quality monolayer MoS2 with control over lattice orientation. We show that the monolayer film is composed of coalescing single islands with limited numbers of lattice orientation due to an epitaxial growth mechanism. Optical absorbance spectra acquired over large areas show significant absorbance in the high-energy part of the spectrum, indicating that MoS2 could also be interesting for harvesting this region of the solar spectrum and fabrication of UV-sensitive photodetectors. Even though the interaction between the growth substrate and MoS2 is strong enough to induce lattice alignment via van der Waals interaction, we can easily transfer the grown material and fabricate devices. Local potential mapping along channels in field-effect transistors shows that the single-crystal MoS2 grains in our film are well connected, with interfaces that do not degrade the electrical conductivity. This is also confirmed by the relatively large and length-independent mobility in devices with a channel length reaching 80 μm.
Importance of pollinators in changing landscapes for world crops

The extent of our reliance on animal pollination for world crop production for human food has not previously been evaluated and the previous estimates for countries or continents have seldom used primary data. In this review, we expand the previous estimates using novel primary data from 200 countries and found that fruit, vegetable or seed production from 87 of the leading global food crops is dependent upon animal pollination, while 28 crops do not rely upon animal pollination. However, global production volumes give a contrasting perspective, since 60% of global production comes from crops that do not depend on animal pollination, 35% from crops that depend on pollinators, and 5% are unevaluated. Using all crops traded on the world market and setting aside crops that are solely passively self-pollinated, wind-pollinated or parthenocarpic, we then evaluated the level of dependence on animal-mediated pollination for crops that are directly consumed by humans. We found that pollinators are essential for 13 crops, production is highly pollinator dependent for 30, moderately for 27, slightly for 21, unimportant for 7, and is of unknown significance for the remaining 9. We further evaluated whether local and landscape-wide management for natural pollination services could help to sustain crop diversity and production. Case studies for nine crops on four continents revealed that agricultural intensification jeopardizes wild bee communities and their stabilizing effect on pollination services at the landscape scale.
The A-kinase Anchoring Domain of Type IIα cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Is Highly Helical*

Subcellular localization of the type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase is controlled by interaction of the regulatory subunit with A-KinaseAnchoring Proteins (AKAPs). This contribution examines the solution structure of a 44-residue region that is sufficient for high affinity binding to AKAPs. The N-terminal dimerization domain of the type IIα regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase was expressed to high levels on minimal media and uniformly isotopically enriched with15N and 13C nuclei. Sequence-specific backbone and side chain resonance assignments have been made for greater than 95% of the amino acids in the free dimerization domain using high resolution multidimensional heteronuclear NMR techniques. Contrary to the results from secondary structure prediction algorithms, our analysis indicates that the domain is highly helical with a single 3–5-residue sequence involved in a β-strand. The assignments and secondary structure analysis provide the basis for analyzing the structure and dynamics of the dimerization domain both free and complexed with specific anchoring proteins.
Mechanisms of the Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB by Morphine in Neuronal Cells

Opioids potently modulate neuronal functions, for example, by regulating the activity of transcription factors. Here, we investigated the effect of morphine on the activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Establishing cellular models for our investigations, we demonstrated that NF-κB mediated the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced transcription of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 gene in primary fetal striatal neurons from rats and the human neuroblastoma cell line SH SY5Y. The activity of NF-κB in these models was strongly inhibited by morphine, which was achieved by a marked up-regulation of the inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (IκB). The opioid-induced up-regulation of IκB was dependent on the transcription factors NF-κB itself and activator protein-1 (AP-1). In fact, stimulation of the cells with morphine resulted in a transient activation of NF-κB and a strong induction of c-Fos, one of the constituents of AP-1. This resulted in IκB levels significantly exceeding the basal, constitutive levels of IκB. These data, together with experiments in which AP-1 and IκB were down-regulated by decoy oligonucleotides and siRNA, suggest that the morphine-induced activation of AP-1 and the subsequent overexpression of IκB are key factors in the inhibition of NF-κB by the drug. In contrast, stimulation of primary neurons from rats and SH SY5Y cells with TNF, which is a classic activator of NF-κB, resulted in a resynthesis of IκB, in which the basal levels of IκB were restored only but did not result in an activation of AP-1 and overexpression of IκB.