Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Remote Sensing of 3-D Geometry and Surface Moisture of a Peat Production Area Using Hyperspectral Frame Cameras in Visible to Short-Wave Infrared Spectral Ranges Onboard a Small Unmanned Airborne Vehicle (UAV)

Miniaturized hyperspectral imaging sensors are becoming available to small unmanned airborne vehicle (UAV) platforms. Imaging concepts based on frame format offer an attractive alternative to conventional hyperspectral pushbroom scanners because they enable enhanced processing and interpretation potential by allowing for acquisition of the 3-D geometry of the object and multiple object views together with the hyperspectral reflectance signatures. The objective of this investigation was to study the performance of novel visible and near-infrared (VNIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral frame cameras based on a tunable Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI) in measuring a 3-D digital surface model and the surface moisture of a peat production area. UAV image blocks were captured with ground sample distances (GSDs) of 15, 9.5, and 2.5 cm with the SWIR, VNIR, and consumer RGB cameras, respectively. Georeferencing showed consistent behavior, with accuracy levels better than GSD for the FPI cameras. The best accuracy in moisture estimation was obtained when using the reflectance difference of the SWIR band at 1246 nm and of the VNIR band at 859 nm, which gave a root mean square error (rmse) of 5.21 pp (pp is the mass fraction in percentage points) and a normalized rmse of 7.61%. The results are encouraging, indicating that UAV-based remote sensing could significantly improve the efficiency and environmental safety aspects of peat production.
The Managerial State: Power, Politics and Ideology in the Remaking of Social Welfare

Authors John Clarke and Janet Newman present an original analysis of the creation of new state forms that critically examines the political forces that enabled "more and better management" to be presented as a solution to the problems of the welfare state in Britain. Examining the micro-politics of change within public services, the authors draw links among politics, policies, and organizational power to present an incisive and dynamic account of the restructuring of social welfare. Clarke and Newman expose the tensions and contradictions in the managerial state and trace the emergence of new dilemmas in the provision of public services. They show that these problems are connected to the recurring difficulties in defining the "the public" that receives these services. In particular they question whether the reinvention of the public as either a nation of consumers or a nation of communities can effectively address the implications of social diversity. A cogent critique of the social, political, and organizational conflicts and instabilities that are embedded in new state forms, The Managerial State will be essential reading for students and academics in social policy, public policy, and public management. It will also be of interest to academics in sociology, politics, and organization studies.
Understanding the Tax Revolt: Eight Explanations

Numerous explanations of the tax revolt have been offered since California's adoption of Proposition 13 in 1978. Unfortunately, many of these explanations remain untested or have been tested inappropriately, and the explanations are often jumbled together in a fashion that precludes theoretical clarity. We extract eight explanations from the literature, each of which assumes that the tax revolt is a systematic national phenomenon that is a function of individual-level social, economic, and political factors. Having tested these explanations by means of a discriminant analysis of data from the 1978 American National Election Study, we find little empirical corroboration for any of them. This leads us to consider two alternative research programs, one of which interprets the tax revolt within a symbolic politics framework.
Learning versus performance goals: When should each be used?

Executive Overview Contrary to the extant thinking on motivation in the workplace, we argue that performance or outcome goals can have a deleterious effect on one's performance. We demonstrate that in situations where primarily the acquisition of knowledge and skills rather than an increase in effort and persistence is required, a specific challenging learning rather than an outcome goal should be set. A learning goal draws attention away from the end result. The focus instead is on the discovery of effective strategies or processes to attain desired results. The practical implications of learning goals for leadership, performance appraisal, and professional development are explained.
Endogenous Timing and the Clustering of Agents' Decisions

This paper presents a model in which agents choose an action and a time at which to take the action. We show that when agents choose when to act, their decisions become clustered together, giving the appearance of an information cascade, even though information is actually being used efficiently. This occurs because the passage of time allows the first acting agent to anticipate something about the second agent's information, and for a large class of delay cost functions, the equilibrium orders agents in such a way that the most extreme information is revealed first.
Effects of reducing the frequency and duration criteria for binge eating on lifetime prevalence of bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: implications for DSM-5.

OBJECTIVE We assessed the impact of reducing the binge eating frequency and duration thresholds on the diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). METHOD We estimated the lifetime population prevalence of BN and BED in 13,295 female twins from the Swedish Twin study of Adults: Genes and Environment employing a range of frequency and duration thresholds. External validation (risk to cotwin) was used to investigate empirical evidence for an optimal binge eating frequency threshold. RESULTS The lifetime prevalence estimates of BN and BED increased linearly as the frequency criterion decreased. As the required duration increased, the prevalence of BED decreased slightly. Discontinuity in cotwin risk was observed in BN between at least four times per month and at least five times per month. This model could not be fit for BED. DISCUSSION The proposed changes to the DSM-5 binge eating frequency and duration criteria would allow for better detection of binge eating pathology without resulting in a markedly higher lifetime prevalence of BN or BED.
Implementing successful self-service technologies

Executive Summary As companies race to introduce technology that enables customers to get service on their own, managers often find that implementing and managing effective self-service technologies (SSTs) is more difficult than it looks. In this article, we present findings from qualitative interviews and survey research investigating SSTs from the customer's point of view. This research identifies factors that impact customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction with SSTs. It also explores the issue of customer adoption of SSTs and highlights factors that are necessary for a customer to try an SST for the first time. Based on this research and our work with companies, we present important lessons to guide managers in developing successful SSTs.
Do Institutional Investors Value the 10b-5 Private Right of Action? Evidence from Investor Trading Behavior Following Morrison v. National Australia Bank Ltd. (2010)

AbstractIn Morrison v. National Australia Bank Ltd., the US Supreme Court limited investors’ ability to bring private Rule 10b-5 securities fraud actions to cases involving securities purchased on a US stock exchange or otherwise purchased in the United States. Because many foreign firms’ securities trade simultaneously on non-US venues and on US exchanges, institutional investors claimed after Morrison that they would look to such firms’ US-traded securities to preserve their rights under Rule 10b-5. This paper tests this prediction using proprietary trading data from 378 institutional investors. The analysis reveals no evidence that investors reallocated trades in cross-listed issuers to the United States, nor did they reallocate foreign trading to cross-listed issuers that are now clearly subject to 10b-5 securities suits. This persistence in trading appears across both money managers and pension plan sponsors, notwithstanding sponsors’ more vocal criticism of Morrison and their prominence in 10b-5 lit.
Psychological Family Determinants of Successful Language Development: Case Study of Two Deaf Adolescents with CI

In a study of maternal identity of hearing mothers of deaf adolescents and its impact on their language development, I discussed specific factors which contribute to these adolescents achieving high linguistic competence in oral or natural sign language (Kobosko, 2008). They include: maternal investment, mother’s self-representation, mother’s representation of relationship with a child’s father, mother’s representation of relationship with a child.
Revival of the unified dark energy–dark matter model?

We consider the generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) proposal for unification of dark energy and dark matter and show that it admits an unique decomposition into dark energy and dark matter components once phantomlike dark energy is excluded. Within this framework, we study structure formation and show that difficulties associated to unphysical oscillations or blowup in the matter power spectrum can be circumvented. Furthermore, we show that the dominance of dark energy is related to the time when energy density fluctuations start deviating from the linear $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\sim}a$ behavior.
An exploratory study of MRP benefit?determinant relationships: ACE analysis model

This paper aims to examine the MRP (MRPI and MRPII) benefit? determinant relationships using the alternating conditional expectation (ACE) technique within Egyptian manufacturing firms. To do that, the research is intended to test, empirically, the key hypothesis that the uncertainty and organisational, implementational, technological and human variables do not correlate with the benefits obtained from MRP implementation in a linear manner. This is done by constructing a series of mathematical models for both MRP benefits measures (tangible and subjective benefits) using the ACE technique as an advanced statistical modelling technique. The data analysed in this paper were collected by a mail questionnaire sent to Egyptian manufacturing firms. The findings indicate that data accuracy has a positive effect on the successful implementation of MRP systems. Also, our findings indicate that, as capacity uncertainty increases, so delivery lead time and the number of expediters increase in order to meet due dates. Moreover, our findings show that a company's size has a positive impact on operational efficiency. Managerial implications and avenues for further research are recommended.
Effectiveness of dynamic bandwidth management mechanisms in ATM networks

The leaky bucket, a credit management system that allows cells to enter the network only if sufficient credit is available, is considered. Motivation for an in-depth study of dynamic control algorithms, to avoid congestion in high-speed networks under time varying traffic statistics, is provided. The need for real-time traffic measurements and dynamic control actions for long-lived connections is demonstrated. In particular, it is shown through simulations that implementing access control algorithms based on the bandwidth allocation procedures only at connection setup is not sufficient for congestion-free operation of the network. It is further shown that if the bandwidth allocation and the leaky bucket parameters are not dynamically adjusted, the performances of the connections depend on their initial parameters and can be very undesirable as the traffic parameters change over time. Moreover, if corrective actions are not taken, congestion may build up in the network even in the presence of leaky buckets. The simple dynamic approach proposed limits the congestion periods in the network to the time scales of the connection-level controls. Therefore, the probability of many connections sending excess traffic into the network at the same time is greatly reduced, alleviating the congestion problem. <<ETX>>
The Stability Pattern of Sheepskin Effects and Its Implications for the Human Capital Theory--Screening Hypothesis Debate

Typically, the empirical presence of sheepskin effects in the returns to schooling has been used as evidence supporting the screening hypothesis. In this study, sheepskin effects are found to exist, but are not stable across individuals according to whether or not they found their accumulated schooling relevant for their occupations. Rate of return estimates on years of schooling between these two groups of individuals are not stable either. This study demonstrates for the first time that an empirical analysis of sheepskin effects provides evidence supporting the human capital theory in addition to the screening hypothesis.
Exposure to metal oxide nanoparticles administered at occupationally relevant doses induces pulmonary effects in mice

Abstract In spite of the great promises that the development of nanotechnologies can offer, concerns regarding potential adverse health effects of occupational exposure to nanoparticle (NP) is raised. We recently identified metal oxide NP in lung tissue sections of welders, located inside macrophages infiltrated in fibrous regions. This suggests a role of these NP in the lung alterations observed in welders. We therefore designed a study aimed to investigate the pulmonary effects, in mice, of repeated exposure to NP administered at occupationally relevant doses. We therefore chose four metal oxide NPs representative of those found in the welder’s lungs: Fe2O3, Fe3O4, MnFe2O4 and CrOOH. These NPs were administered weekly for up to 3 months at two different doses: 5 μg, chosen as occupationally relevant to welding activity, and 50 μg, chosen as occupationally relevant to the context of an NP-manufacturing facility. Our results show that 3 month-repeated exposures to 5 μg NP induced limited pulmonary effects, characterized by the development of a mild peribronchiolar fibrosis observed for MnFe2O4 and CrOOH NP only. This fibrotic event was further extended in terms of intensity and localization after the repeated administration of 50 μg NP: all but Fe2O3 NP induced the development of peribronchiolar, perivascular and alveolar fibrosis, together with an interstitial inflammation. Our data demonstrate for the first time a potential risk for respiratory health posed by repeated exposure to NP at occupationally relevant doses. Given these results, the development of occupational exposure limits (OELs) specifically dedicated to NP exposure might therefore be an important issue to address.
Thirty Years of Pancreas Transplantation at Leiden University Medical Center: Long-term Follow-up in a Large Eurotransplant Center

Background An overview of 30 years of pancreas transplantation at a high volume center. Analysis of patient survival– and graft survival–associated risk factors. Methods All pancreas transplantations performed in our center from January 1, 1984, till December 31, 2012, were evaluated. Covariates influencing pancreas graft survival were analyzed using both univariate and multivariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results In the study period, 349 pancreas transplantations were performed. With the introduction of modern induction therapy in 1999, 5-year patient survival improved to 92.0% (P = 0.003). Five-year pancreas graft survival improved to 80.3% (P = 0.026). Pancreas graft survival was influenced by left or right donor kidney, transplant type, local origin of procurement team, pancreas cold ischemia time, recipient cerebrovascular disease. Pancreas donor risk index increased to 1.39 over the years and pancreas donor risk index 1.24 or higher is a risk factor for graft survival (P = 0.007). Conclusions This study has shown excellent results in patient and pancreas graft survivals after 30 years of pancreas transplantation in a high volume center. Different donor, transplant, and recipient related risk factors influence pancreas graft survival. Even with higher risk pancreas donors, good results can be achieved.
A Note on the Debt Sustainability Issue In Turkey

The purpose of the paper is to shed light on the composition of the public sector debt stock and using the end-2002 net public debt stock-to-GNP ratio as the starting point, estimate the primary surplus-to-GNP ratio that will be necessary for the sustainability of the debt stock, using a modified version of the approach suggested by the World Bank (2000:16-18; 121-124). The relevant tables on the primary surplus-to-GNP ratio requirements are constructed under different scenarios with respect to real interest rate, growth rate and inflation rate. At the second stage, the weighted average real interest rate on the current central government debt stock is estimated. Then the debt sustainability issue is evaluated by comparing the estimated primary surplus-to-GNP ratios required with the targeted primary surplus ratio, taking into consideration the real interest rate on the existing stock.
Managing the Patient With Failed Cartilage Restoration

In comparison to the amount of published information on the surgical management of cartilage defects in general, there has been a relative lack of emphasis regarding the management of patients who present with failed attempts at index cartilage repair. The objectives of this review are to: (1) identify patient and procedure-specific factors that are associated with failed cartilage surgery; (2) identify strategies that have the potential to decrease failure rates after articular cartilage restoration; and (3) develop an algorithmic approach to managing patients who present with prior failed cartilage procedures.
Transport vs. Metabolism: What Determines the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Drugs? Insights From the Extended Clearance Model

The well‐stirred hepatic clearance model (WSHM) has been expanded to include drug transporters (i.e., extended clearance model [ECM]). However, the consequences of this expansion in understanding when transporters vs. metabolic enzymes will affect the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) of drugs remains opaque. Identifying the rate‐determining step(s) in systemic or tissue drug PK/PD will allow accurate predictions of drug PK/PD and drug‐drug interactions (DDIs). Here, we clarify the implications of the ECM on PK/PD of drugs.
An Econometric Classification and Review of International Tourism Demand Models

The purpose of the paper is to provide an econometric classification and evaluation of 100 published empirical studies on modelling international tourism demand, according to the recognition and type of omitted explanatory variables, number and type of proxy variables used, method of estimation, and use of various diagnostic tests of the auxiliary assumptions of the various models. An analysis of the adequacy of model specifications and the statistical deficiencies of existing empirical tourism demand models will permit a greater appreciation of the factors which determine changes in international tourism demand and will aid in forecasting future tourism demand.
Towards Mapping Certification Rules over BIM

Nowadays, it is a hot challenge to address automatic verification requirements to warn the non-conformities with the associated 3D visualization, or to provide access to the technical documentation for a given digital model based on its sophisticated contextual information. In this paper, we contribute a framework for mapping certification rules over BIM to enable the compliance checking of the repository through the digital building model. Our aim is to align several specialized indexations of building components at both sides, by extending IfcOWL ontology with bSDD vocabulary (i.e., synonyms and description) as enriched eIfcOWL ontology to deal with the same abstract concepts or physical objects. Finally, we present and compare MVDXML and SWRL technologies for the model instance verification and conformance checking of Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) models, and demonstrate various important aspects and their limitation.
Myelin basic protein‐specific T lymphocyte lines from MS patients and healthy individuals

We derived a total of 146 T lymphocyte lines specific for human myelin basic protein (MBP) from the peripheral blood of 20 MS patients and from a control group of 12 healthy donors, and determined the reactivities of T cell lines by [3H]thymidine incorporation on exposure to MBP and MBP peptides 1-44, 45-89, and 90-170. We defined HLA restriction of the T lines by using monoclonal antibodies against monomorphic determinants on human HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, and HLA-DP molecules. MBP-specific T cell lines could be isolated with a comparable efficiency from MS patients and healthy individuals. In both groups, MBP-specific T lymphocytes recognized at least 4 different epitopes in the MBP molecule, and specificities showed comparable patterns for different MBP peptides. MBP-specific T cell lines derived from MS patients and controls were restricted by DR products of the human major histocompatibility class II locus. Notable phenotypic differences of T cell lines existed between the 2 groups. Lines isolated from MS patients expressed predominantly the CD3+CD4+CD8- phenotype, while some control lines were composed of up to 87% CD3+CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes. These findings illustrate the presence of MBP-specific T cells in MS patients and controls that are similarly sensitized to MBP and restricted by HLA-DR products.
Fishery management, environmental protection and trade liberalization

Discusses marine environment management and maximization of the sustainable use and non‐use values of the flow of goods and services generated by that environment. Expands on the traditional economic model of fishery management to include the protection of non‐use values. Assesses international agreements made to include the protection of non‐use values of the marine environment, and examines the conflict between GATT rules and unilateral attempts to protect existence values. Proposes solutions based on the full cost pricing principle.