Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seeing Your Stories: Visualization for Narrative Medicine

Importance: Narrative medicine (NM), in which patient stories play a crucial role in their diagnosis and treatment, can potentially support a more holistic approach to patient care than traditional scientific ones. However, there are some challenges in the implementation of narrative medicine, for example, differences in understanding illnesses between physicians and patients and physicians’ increased workloads and overloaded schedules. This paper first presents a review to explore previous visualization research for narrative medicine to bridge the gap between visualization researchers and narrative medicine experts and explore further visualization opportunities. Highlights: The review is conducted from 2 perspectives: (a) the contexts and domains in which visualization has been explored for narrative medicine and (b) the forms and solutions applied in these studies. Four applied domains are defined, including understanding patients from narrative records, medical communication, medical conversation training in education, and psychotherapy and emotional wellness enhancement. Conclusions: A future work framework illustrates some opportunities for future research, including groups of specific directions and future points for the 4 domains and 3 technological exploration opportunities (combination of narrative and medical data visualization, task-audience-based visual storytelling, and user-centered interactive visualization). Specifically, 3 directions of future work in medical communication (asynchronous online physician-patient communication, synchronous face-to-face medical conversation, and medical knowledge dissemination) were concluded.
Surface Energy Balance Framework for Arctic Amplification of Climate Change

AbstractUsing 22 Canadian radiosonde stations from 1971 to 2010, the annually averaged surface air temperature trend amplification ranged from 1.4 to 5.2 relative to the global average warming of 0.17°C decade−1. The amplification factors exhibit a strong latitudinal dependence varying from 2.6 to 5.2 as the latitude increases from 50° to 80°N. The warming trend has a strong seasonal dependence with the greatest warming taking place from September to April. The monthly variations in the warming trend are shown to be related to the surface-based temperature inversion strength and the mean monthly surface air temperatures.The surface energy balance (SEB) equation is used to relate the response of the surface temperature to changes in the surface energy fluxes. Based on the SEB analysis, there are four contributing factors to Arctic amplification: 1) a larger change in net downward radiation at the Arctic surface compared to the global average; 2) a larger snow and soil conductive heat flux change than the g.
Research on Spatial Thermal Environment in Shanghai City Based on Remote Sensing and GIS

Spatial thermal environment has a full impact on microclimate and urban zoology. The aim for this paper is to seek a effective method to analyse spatial pattern of thermal environment. The concept of "thermodynamic landscape" was presented for first time in this paper. The viewpoint of "thermodynamic landscape" to analyse spatial pattern of urban heat environment was presented using the landscape ecosystem for reference. An estimation system for spatial pattern of "thermodynamic landscape" was developed with GIS, RS supporting. The authors studied the dynamic evolvement of "thermal landscape" its change process based on change matrix of multi-temporal "thermal landscape" in Shanghai in 1990,1995,1998. The change intension and trend of "thermal landscape" was pointed out in the city during last decade in this paper.
Differences in functional niche hypervolume among four types of forest vegetation and their environmental determinants across various climatic regions in China

Functional traits play an important role in studying the functional niche in plant communities. However, it remains unclear whether the functional niches of typical forest plant communities in different climatic regions based on functional traits are consistent. Here, we present data for 215 woody species, encompassing 11 functional traits related to three fundamental niche dimensions (leaf economy, mechanical support, and reproductive phenology). These data were collected from forests across four climatic zones in China (tropical, subtropical, warm-temperate, and cold-temperate) or sourced from the literature. We calculated the functional niche hypervolume, representing the range of changes in the multidimensional functional niche. This metric quantifies how many functional niche spaces are occupied by existing plants in the community. Subsequently, we analyzed differences in functional niche hypervolume and their associated environmental factors across different types of forest vegetation. The results indicate that the functional niche hypervolume and the degree of forest vegetation overlap decrease with increasing latitude (e.g., from tropical rainforest to cold temperate coniferous forest). The total explanatory power of both climate and soil factors on the variation in functional niche hypervolume was 50%, with climate factors exhibiting a higher explanatory power than soil factors. Functional niche hypervolume is positively correlated with climate factors (annual mean temperature and annual precipitation) and negatively correlated with soil factors (soil pH, soil organic matter content, soil total nitrogen content, and soil total phosphorus content). Among these factors, annual mean temperature, soil pH, and soil total nitrogen content most significantly affect the difference in functional niche hypervolume among forest vegetation. Our study emphasizes the significant variation in the functional niche hypervolume among typical forest vegetation in China.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Anchored Mucin-Like Glycoproteins from Trypanosoma cruzi Bind to CD1d but Do Not Elicit Dominant Innate or Adaptive Immune Responses Via the CD1d/NKT Cell Pathway1

It has been proposed that self and protozoan-derived GPI anchors are natural ligands of CD1d. In this study, we investigated the ability of GPI anchors from Trypanosoma cruzi to bind to CD1d and mediate activation of NKT cells. We observed that GPI-anchored mucin-like glycoproteins (GPI mucins), glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPLs), and their phosphatidylinositol moieties bind to rCD1d and inhibit the stimulation of a NKT hybridoma by the α-galactosylceramide-CD1 complex. However, these GPI anchors and related structures were unable to activate NKT cells in vitro or in vivo. We found that high titers of Ab anti-GPI mucins, but not anti-GIPLs, were detected in sera from wild-type as well as in TAP1−/−, CD1d−/−, and MHC class II−/− mice after immunization. However, T-dependent anti-GPI mucin Ab isotypes, such as IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3, were absent on MHC class II−/−, but were conserved in CD1d−/− and TAP1−/− mice. Furthermore, we found that CD1d−/− mice presented a robust cytokine as well as anti-GPI mucins and anti-GIPL Ab responses, upon infection with T. cruzi parasites. These results indicate that, despite binding to CD1d, GPI mucins and related structures expressed by T. cruzi appear not to evoke dominant CD1d-restricted immune responses in vivo. In contrast, MHC class II is critical for the production of the major Ig G isotypes against GPI mucins from T. cruzi parasites.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM URIC ACID LEVEL AND BODY MASS INDEX IN SEX- AND AGE-SPECIFIC GROUPS IN SOUTHWESTERN CHINA.

Objective: To investigate the sex- and age-specific association between serum uric acid level and body mass index (BMI). Methods: A total of 144,856 subjects aged 20 to 79 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Serum uric acid level, renal function, hepatic function, and lipid profile were investigated. Results: The prevalence of hyperuricemia decreased with age in men but increased in women. In men, the correlation coefficient between the serum urate level and BMI declined steadily with age. Underweight was associated with a 53 to 68% and a 66% lower prevalence of hyperuricemia in men aged 20 to 69 years and in women aged 20 to 29 years, respectively. Overweight and obesity were correlated with a higher odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for hyperuricemia in both genders. In individuals with overweight or obesity, younger subjects had a higher OR (95% CI) for hyperuricemia than older subjects. Among subjects aged 20 to 59 years, as they gained weight, the OR (95% CI) for hyperuricemia increased faster in women than in men compared with their respective normal-weight controls. Conclusion: Underweight was associated with a lower prevalence of hyperuricemia in men aged ≤69 years. In individuals with overweight or obesity, younger subjects were more likely to develop hyperuricemia than older subjects. With active weight gain, the likelihood for developing hyperuricemia increased faster in women than in men compared with their respective normal-weight controls. Abbreviations: ALT = alanine aminotransferase; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C = high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; OR = odds ratio.
Relationships between habitat categories, some chemical factors and presence of Anopheles aquasalis Curry and Anopheles pseudopunctipennis Theobald larvae in coastal areas of Sucre State, Venezuela

Se realizaron muestreos en criaderos de mosquitos del area costera de Santa Fe en el estado Sucre, Venezuela, tanto en la epoca seca como en la temporada lluviosa, entre noviembre de 1997 y diciembre de 1998. Los sitios de muestreo fueron clasificados a priori en cinco tipos de habitats larvarios. En cada criadero se tomaron cincuenta muestras con un cucharon para colectar larvas de los vectores de malaria Anopheles aquasalis Curry y Anopheles pseudopunctipennis Theobald. Simultaneamente al muestreo de larvas se midieron cuatro variables quimicas del agua: pH, salinidad, alcalinidad y oxigeno disuelto. Las relaciones entre estas variables quimicas, el tipo de habitat y la presencia de larvas, particularmente An. aquasalis y An. pseudopunctipennis, se establecieron mediante el metodo multivariado de Analisis de Correspondencia Canonica (ACC) y el analisis de correlacion simple de Spearman (Spearman rank correlations). Los resultados del analisis de Correspondencia Canonica revelaron la presencia de relaciones estadisticamente significativas entre las dos especias senaladas, algunas de las variables quimicas del agua y algunos tipos de habitat. En ambas epocas, la presencia de larvas de An. aquasalis se correlaciono positivamente con la alcalinidad y la salinidad del agua, pero en la epoca seca, se presento una correlacion negativa con el contenido de oxigeno disuelto. En ambas epocas, la presencia de larvas de esta especie tambien se correlaciono positivamente al habitat manglar  Por otro lado, la presencia de larvas de An. pseudopunctipennis en la epoca seca, se correlaciono positivamente al pH del agua y al habitat orilla de rio y negativamente a la salinidad. En la temporada lluviosa el desbordamiento de rios y quebradas, causo la eliminacion del microhabitat larvario (algas verdes en el margen del rio) tipico de An. pseudopunctipennis, por lo que durante esta epoca las larvas raramente fueron colectadas
Realistic regeneration : housing contexts and social outcomes of neighbourhood interventions in Western European cities van Gent, W.P.C

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Quantitative Phospho-proteomic Analysis of TNFα/NFκB Signaling Reveals a Role for RIPK1 Phosphorylation in Suppressing Necrotic Cell Death*

TNFα is a potent inducer of inflammation due to its ability to promote gene expression, in part via the NFκB pathway. Moreover, in some contexts, TNFα promotes Caspase-dependent apoptosis or RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL-dependent necrosis. Engagement of the TNF Receptor Signaling Complex (TNF-RSC), which contains multiple kinase activities, promotes phosphorylation of several downstream components, including TAK1, IKKα/IKKβ, IκBα, and NFκB. However, immediate downstream phosphorylation events occurring in response to TNFα signaling are poorly understood at a proteome-wide level. Here we use Tandem Mass Tagging-based proteomics to quantitatively characterize acute TNFα-mediated alterations in the proteome and phosphoproteome with or without inhibition of the cIAP-dependent survival arm of the pathway with a SMAC mimetic. We identify and quantify over 8,000 phosphorylated peptides, among which are numerous known sites in the TNF-RSC, NFκB, and MAP kinase signaling systems, as well as numerous previously unrecognized phosphorylation events. Functional analysis of S320 phosphorylation in RIPK1 demonstrates a role for this event in suppressing its kinase activity, association with CASPASE-8 and FADD proteins, and subsequent necrotic cell death during inflammatory TNFα stimulation. This study provides a resource for further elucidation of TNFα-dependent signaling pathways.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Treatment Options and Possibilities for Drug Repurposing Therapeutic Notes

Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania, order Kinetoplastida, family Trypanosomatidae. It is a vector born disease and the protozoan is an obligate intracellular parasite. Its clinical manifestations may be ulcers which are self-healing or severe systemic multi-organ disease [1-2]. It manifests as cutaneous leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis (also known as kala-azar) or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis [1-2]. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form and each year, about 0.7 to 1.2 million of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases occur mainly in three geographical distributions: the Americas, the Mediterranean basin and West Asia from the Middle East to Central Asia. The following countries have the highest number of the cases: Afghanistan, Algeria, Colombia, Brazil, Iran, Syria, Ethiopia, North Sudan, Costa Rica and Peru [3].
Tourism in Timor Leste: contributions to a sustainable development

In recent years tourism has been pointed out as a sustainable path to economic and social development of East Timor, although still reporting very low levels of investment in terms of tourism infrastructure, attractions and, especially, in the image of the country as a tourist destination. Being a recent phenomenon there are still few studies on this activity in this country. This paper presents a first insight into the responsiveness of private agents to tourism development in East Timor. In particular, it presents an overview of these managers’ socio-demographic profile. Secondly, it analyzes the perception of these actors with respect to a set of aspects affecting tourism development in the territory.
The H II Region/PDR Connection: Self-consistent Calculations of Physical Conditions in Star-forming Regions

We have performed a series of calculations designed to reproduce infrared diagnostics used to determine physical conditions in star-forming regions. We self-consistently calculate the thermal and chemical structure of an H II region and photodissociation region (PDR) that are in pressure equilibrium. This differs from previous work, which used separate calculations for each gas phase. Our calculations span a wide range of stellar temperatures, gas densities, and ionization parameters. We describe improvements made to the spectral synthesis code Cloudy that made these calculations possible. These include the addition of a molecular network with ~1000 reactions involving 68 molecular species and improved treatment of the grain physics. Data from the Spitzer First Look Survey, along with other archives, are used to derive important physical characteristics of the H II region and PDR. These include stellar temperatures, electron densities, ionization parameters, UV radiation flux (G0), and PDR density. Finally, we calculate the contribution of the H II region to PDR emission line diagnostics, which allows for a more accurate determination of physical conditions in the PDR.
Retrieval of temperature and tangent altitude pointing from limb emission spectra recorded from space by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS)

[1] Retrieval of abundances of atmospheric species from limb infrared emission spectra requires accurate knowledge of the pointing of the instrument in terms of elevation, as well as temperature and pressure profiles. An optimal estimation-based method is presented to infer these quantities from measured spectra. The successful and efficient joint retrieval of these largely correlated quantities depends strongly on the proper selection of the retrieval space, the selection of spectral microwindows, and the choice of reasonable constraints which force the solution to be stable. The proposed strategy was applied to limb emission spectra recorded with the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on board the Envisat research satellite in order to validate the instrument pointing information based on the satellite's orbit and attitude control system which uses star tracker information as a reference. Both systematic and periodic pointing calibration errors were detected, which meanwhile have been corrected to a major part. Furthermore, occasional pitch jumps were detected, which could be assigned to parameter uploads to the satellite's orbit and attitude control system. It has been shown that in general, it is justified to assume local thermodynamic equilibrium below 60 km for these purposes. The retrieval method presented has been proven to be suitable for independent monitoring of MIPAS line-of-sight pointing.
RoboEarth

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RoboEarth

Humans can use the Internet to share knowledge and to help each other accomplish complex tasks. Until now, robots have not taken advantage of this opportunity. Sharing knowledge between robots requires methods to effectively encode, exchange, and reuse data. In this article, we present the design and first implementation of a system for sharing knowledge between robots.
Highly siderophile and chalcogen element constraints on the origin of components of the Allende and Murchison meteorites

187Re‐187Os systematics, abundances of highly siderophile elements (HSE: Re, PGE, and Au), chalcogen elements (Te, Se, and S), and some major and minor elements were determined in physically separated components of the Allende (CV3) and Murchison (CM2) carbonaceous chondrites. Substantial differences exist in the absolute and relative abundances of elements in the components, but the similarity of calculated and literature bulk rock abundances of HSE and chalcogens indicate that chemical complementarity exists among the components, with CI chondrite‐like ratios for many elements. Despite subsequent alteration and oxidation, the overall cosmochemical behavior of most moderately to highly siderophile elements during high‐temperature processing has been preserved in components of Allende at the sampling scale of the present study. The 187Re‐187Os systematics and element variations of Allende are less disturbed compared with Murchison, which reflects different degrees of oxidation and alteration of these meteorites. The HSE systematics (with the exception of Au) is controlled by two types of materials: Pd‐depleted condensates and CI chondrite‐like material. Enrichment and heterogeneous distribution of Au among the components is likely the result of hydrothermal alteration. Chalcogen elements are depleted compared with HSE in all components, presumably due to their higher volatility. Small systematic variations of S, Se, and Te in components bear the signature of fractional condensation/partial evaporation and metal–sulfide–silicate partitioning.
The Relevance of Kahneman and Tversky's Concept of Framing to Organizational Behavior

Recent research by Kahneman and Tversky (1979) has demonstrated that individual decisions are systematically affected by the way in which problems are presented. Specifically, individuals tend to be risk averse to problems framed in the positive direction (i.e., concerning gains) and to be risk seeking toward problems framed in the negative direction (i.e., concerning losses). This paper demonstrates that this concept of framing has wide explanatory power concerning a variety of concepts in organizational behavior and argues that the framing of experimental materials affects the formation of paradigms in organizational behavior. It is argued that many accepted findings may exist more because of the way researchers frame the problem than because of the presumed impact of the construct on individual behavior. Specific application is provided in the areas of (a) the escalation of commitment, (b) negotiator behavior, and (c) “the risky shift. ”
Numerical modelling of circulation in Lake Sperillen, Norway

A three-dimensional numerical model was used to model water circulation and spatial variation of temperature in Lake Sperillen in Norway. A winter situation was simulated, with thermal stratification and ice cover. The numerical model solved the Navier-Stokes equations on a 3D unstructured non-orthogonal grid with hexahedral cells. The SIMPLE method was used for the pressure coupling and the k -e model was used to model turbulence, with a modification for density stratification due to the vertical temperature profile. The results were compared with field measurements of the temperature in the lake, indicating the location of the water current. Reasonably good agreement was found.
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathway: A Pivotal Factor for Stimulating Multidrug Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor. Chemotherapy is one of its principal modes of treatment, but multidrug resistance (MDR) poses an obstacle in HCC treatment. MDR is mainly mediated through drug transmembrane transporter activity, apoptosis inhibitory pathway abnormality, and changes in the intracellular enzyme. On top of that, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway dysregulation is also one of the most common mechanisms of MDR. This signaling pathway plays critical roles in the differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of cancer cells, and is a new target of MDR treatment. This review article discusses the mechanisms of MDR in HCC with a strong emphasis on the significance and role of PI3K/Akt pathway in MDR, and the reversal of MDR by inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway.