Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients with angina pectoris but normal coronary angiograms assessed by intracoronary acetylcholine testing

Background Perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has a high sensitivity for the detection of significant coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the specificity of this method is lower than its sensitivity. The reason for this observation is hitherto unclear and has been either explained by ‘false-positive’ results or by microvascular dysfunction in patients without CAD. Objective To evaluate whether pathological myocardial perfusion-CMR imaging in symptomatic patients without significant CAD is associated with coronary epicardial or microvascular dysfunction. Methods In this retrospective study, 42 patients who presented with unstable angina pectoris underwent (a) an adenosine-stress perfusion-CMR study; (b) coronary angiography; (c) intracoronary acetylcholine (ACh) testing following coronary angiography with exclusion of significant CAD. The CMR protocol comprised cine imaging followed by adenosine first-pass perfusion imaging and late gadolinium enhancement-CMR. Diagnostic left ventriculography and multiplane coronary angiography were performed before intracoronary ACh testing. Results An adenosine-induced, reversible subendocardial perfusion defect was detected in 22/42 patients (52%) without significant CAD. Coronary epicardial vasospasm was detected in 10/42 patients (24%) while microvascular dysfunction was found in 20/42 patients (48%). Patients with a reversible stress-induced perfusion defect had significantly more often a pathological coronary epicardial or microvascular vasoreaction (20/22; 91%) during intracoronary ACh testing than those without a perfusion defect (10/20; 50%; p<0.01). Univariate correlation analyses revealed a substantial association between a pathological ACh-testing result and a perfusion defect in the antecedent CMR study (r= +0.45; p<0.01). Conclusions Reversible perfusion defects depicted by perfusion-CMR in patients without significant CAD are mostly due to coronary epicardial or microvascular dysfunction, and correct interpretation of such perfusion-CMR results may enable targeted treatment.
On the Power of a Unique Quantum Witness

In a celebrated paper, Valiant and Vazirani (1985) raised the question of whether the difficulty of NP-complete problems was due to the wide variation of the number of witnesses of their instances. They gave a strong negative answer by showing that distin- guishing between instances having zero or one witnesses is as hard as recognizing NP, under randomized reductions. We consider the same question in the quantum setting and investigate the possibility of reducing quantum witnesses in the context of the complexity class QMA, the quantum analogue of NP. The natural way to quantify the number of quantum witnesses is the dimension of the witness subspace W in some appropriate Hilbert space H. We present an efficient deterministic procedure that reduces any problem where the dimension d of W is bounded by a polynomial to a problem with a unique quantum witness. The main idea of our reduction is to consider the alternating subspace of the tensor power H d . Indeed, the intersection of this subspace with W d is one-dimensional, and therefore can play the role of
Src homology 2 domain–containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase 2 (Shp2) controls surface GluA1 protein in synaptic homeostasis

Src Homology 2 domain–containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase 2 (Shp2) functions in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. However, the precise mechanisms by which this multifunctional protein contributes to synaptic function remains largely unknown. Homeostatic plasticity may be viewed as a process of bidirectional synaptic scaling, up or down. Through this process, neuronal circuitry stability is maintained so that changes in synaptic strength may be preserved under changing conditions. A better understanding of these processes is needed. In this regard, we report that phosphorylation of Shp2 at tyrosine 542 and its translocation to the postsynaptic compartment are integral processes in synaptic scaling. Furthermore, we show, using both pharmacological and genetic approaches, that Shp2 phosphatase activity is critical to the regulation of Ser(P)845 GluA1 and surface expression of this AMPA receptor subunit during synaptic scaling. Thus, Shp2 may contribute meaningfully to synaptic homeostasis.
MIMO SAR Processing for Multichannel High-Resolution Wide-Swath Radars

This paper addresses signal reconstruction for future multiple-input multiple-output synthetic aperture radars (SARs) equipped with a multichannel antenna to enable wide-area high-resolution imaging. To image large swaths without range ambiguities, these high-resolution wide-swath (HRWS) SAR systems use a low pulse repetition frequency (PRF). Such a PRF, however, causes the radar echoes received by each channel to be strongly aliased. By introducing new techniques, this paper extends the theory of multichannel signal processing for reconstructing the SAR signal from the aliased signals. The reconstruction performances of the proposed processing methods in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, point target ambiguity ratio, peak-to-sidelobe ratio, and signal-to-ambiguity-plus-noise ratio are investigated according to the PRF and compared with each other for an exemplary HRWS SAR system.
An NC approximation algorithm for optimal k-edge connectivity augmentation

Given an undirected graph G=(V, E/sub 0/) with |V|=n, and a feasible weighted edge set E such that G(V, E/sub 0//spl cup/E/sub 0//spl cup/E) is k-edge connected, the optimal k-edge connectivity augmentation problem is to find a subset S/spl sube/E such that G(V, E/sub 0//spl cup/S) is k-edge connected and the weighted sum of the edges in S is minimum, where k is a fixed integer. Since this problem is NP-complete for k/spl ges/2, in this paper we will focus on its approximation solution in the parallel environment. If G is (k-1)-edge connected, the solution delivered by our NC approximation algorithm is within either twice the optimum if k is even, or 2t times the optimum otherwise, where 1/spl les/t/spl les/[log/sub 3/4/n]. If G is /spl lambda/-edge connected and 1/spl les//spl lambda/<k-1, the solution delivered by our approximation algorithm is 2/spl alpha/ times the optimum, where /spl alpha/ is defined as follows: (i) if k and /spl lambda/ are both odd or both even, then /spl alpha/=(k-/spl lambda/)/2(t+1); (ii) if k is even and /spl lambda/ is odd, then /spl alpha/=t[k-/spl lambda//2]+[k-/spl lambda//2]; (iii) otherwise, /spl alpha/=t[k-/spl lambda//2]+[k-/spl lambda//2].
Combined Static and Dynamic Analysis for Effective Buffer Minimization in Streaming XQuery Evaluation

Effective buffer management is crucial for efficient in-memory and streaming XQuery processing. We propose a buffer management scheme which combines static and dynamic analysis to keep main memory consumption low. Our approach relies on a technique that we call active garbage collection and which actively purges buffers at runtime based on the current status of query evaluation. We have built a prototype system for a practical fragment of XQuery which employs our buffer management scheme. The experimental results demonstrate the significant impact of combined static and dynamic analysis on reducing main memory consumption and running time.
Monocular Visual Odometry with a Rolling Shutter Camera

Rolling Shutter (RS) cameras have become popularized because of low-cost imaging capability. However, the RS cameras suffer from undesirable artifacts when the camera or the subject is moving, or illumination condition changes. For that reason, Monocular Visual Odometry (MVO) with RS cameras produces inaccurate ego-motion estimates. Previous works solve this RS distortion problem with motion prediction from images and/or inertial sensors. However, the MVO still has trouble in handling the RS distortion when the camera motion changes abruptly (e.g. vibration of mobile cameras causes extremely fast motion instantaneously). To address the problem, we propose the novel MVO algorithm in consideration of the geometric characteristics of RS cameras. The key idea of the proposed algorithm is the new RS essential matrix which incorporates the instantaneous angular and linear velocities at each frame. Our algorithm produces accurate and robust ego-motion estimates in an online manner, and is applicable to various mobile applications with RS cameras. The superiority of the proposed algorithm is validated through quantitative and qualitative comparison on both synthetic and real dataset.
Bayesian reinforcement learning for POMDP-based dialogue systems

Spoken dialogue systems are gaining popularity with improvements in speech recognition technologies. Dialogue systems can be modeled effectively using POMDPs, achieving improvements in robustness. However, past research on POMDPs-based dialogue system assumes that the model parameters are known. This limitation can be addressed through model-based Bayesian reinforcement learning, which offers a rich framework for simultaneous learning and planning. However, due to the high complexity of the framework, a major challenge is to scale up these algorithms for complex dialogue systems. In this work, we show that by exploiting certain known components of the system, such as knowledge of symmetrical properties, and using an approximate online planning algorithm, we are able to apply Bayesian RL on a realistic spoken dialogue system domain.
Correlation between Perceived Asthma Control and Thoraco-Abdominal Asynchrony in Primary Care Patients Diagnosed with Asthma

Objective. Thoraco-abdominal asynchrony (TAA), the discordant movement of the abdomen and thorax, may impact upon health-related variables. Here, we investigated the extent to which TAA is associated with health-related variables, particularly perceived asthma control and quality of life. Methods. Ambulatory respiratory data from 43 patients diagnosed with asthma and 43 healthy age and sex-matched controls were recorded over 4 hours. Phase relation (Ph Rel Total), the percentage of time that the effects of rib cage (RC) and diaphragmatic movement result in opposite effects on intra-thoracic volume, quantified TAA. Subjects completed the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ), Nijmegen questionnaire (NQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and General Health Perception (GHP) subscale of the short form 36 questionnaire’. Capnography profiling, breath-hold time (BHT), and standard spirometry were performed. Results. The time in asynchrony was significantly greater in the asthma than in the healthy control group (Ph Rel Total = 14% (interquartile range (IQR) 8.5–20.7%) versus 10.4% (IQR 7.1–14.5%), p = . 012). In patients with asthma, Ph Rel Total was weakly associated with poorer ACQ scores (r = 0.33, p = .03), and in the healthy control group with GHP (r = 0.319, p = .037). Post-hoc exploratory analysis revealed a moderate relationship in the female asthma subgroup between Ph Rel Total and AQLQ (r = −0.56, p = .003). Conclusions. TAA may be associated with decreased perceived asthma control. In healthy individuals, asynchrony may be associated with low perception of general health. Further studies are required to investigate if the reduction of TAA improves these health-related variables.
A Spread-Deficient Cytomegalovirus for Assessment of First-Target Cells in Vaccination

ABSTRACT Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a human pathogen that causes severe disease primarily in the immunocompromised or immunologically immature individual. To date, no vaccine is available. We describe use of a spread-deficient murine CMV (MCMV) as a novel approach for betaherpesvirus vaccination. To generate a spread-deficient MCMV, the conserved, essential gene M94 was deleted. Immunization with MCMV-ΔM94 is apathogenic and protective against wild-type challenge even in highly susceptible IFNαβR−/− mice. MCMV-ΔM94 was able to induce a robust CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell response as well as a neutralizing antibody response comparable to that induced by wild-type infection. Endothelial cells were identified as activators of CD8+ T cells in vivo. Thus, the vaccination with a spread-deficient betaherpesvirus is a safe and protective strategy and allows the linkage between cell tropism and immunogenicity. Furthermore, genomes of MCMV-ΔM94 were present in lungs 12 months after infection, revealing first-target cells as sites of genome maintenance.
Commentary Regarding the Recent Publication by Tabakow et al., "Functional Regeneration of Supraspinal Connections in a Patient with Transected Spinal Cord following Transplantation of Bulbar Olfactory Ensheathing Cells with Peripheral Nerve Bridging".

Received February 18, 2014; final acceptance September 8, 2014. Online prepub date: October 21, 2014. Address correspondence to Pawel Tabakow, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Neurosurgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska str. 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland. Tel: +48 606 137 846; Fax: +48 71 734 34 09; E-mail: p.tabakov@wp.pl Functional Regeneration of Supraspinal Connections in a Patient With Transected Spinal Cord Following Transplantation of Bulbar Olfactory Ensheathing Cells With Peripheral Nerve Bridging
Learning to classify email: a survey

Email communication has become widespread, but the exponential increase in spam (unsolicited email) and the increase in the volume of email, can make the use of email for communication tedious and time consuming. This paper reviews recent approaches to filter out spam email, to classify email into a hierarchy of folders, and to automatically determine the tasks required in response to an email message.
PENGUJIAN KONDUKTIVITAS TERMAL KOMPOSIT BERMATRIKS POLYESTER DAN VINYL ESTER DENGAN PENGUAT SERAT NATA DE COCO

ABSTRAK Material komposit akhir-akhir ini cukup diminati sebagai pangganti logam karena komposit memiliki kelebihan sifat mekanik yang baik, massa lebih ringan dibandingkan dengan logam, dan tahan korosi sehingga umur pakai lebih panjang. Sejauh ini sudah hampir semua aspek menggunakan material komposit pengganti logam. Beberapa penggunaan material komposit terdapat pada rangka transportasi, badan pesawat, kapal, dan banyak lainnya. Untuk itu perlu diketahui sifat-sifat komposit, salah satunya mengetahui konduktivitas termal dari komposit polyester dan vinyl ester sebagai matriks dengan serat nata de coco sebagai penguat (reinforcement). Vinyl ester dan polyester dicampur dengan perbandingan 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 80%, 100% dan dicetak menjadi plat berukuran 12x9 cm. Setelah itu dibuat komposit dengan formula vinyl ester dalam polyester (20%, 30%, 40%) diperkuat serat nata de coco sebanyak 15% dari berat total matriks. Dari pengujian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan nilai konduktivitas termal semakin mengecil seiring meningkatnya penambahan massa dari vinyl ester di dalam polyester. Nilai konduktivitas termal pada komposit yang paling kecil adalah pada matriks blend polyester/vinyl ester 40% dengan serat nata de coco 15% dengan nilai konduktivitas termalnya 0,183 W/m. °C pada temperatur 70°C. Kata kunci : Blend, komposit, konduktivitas termal
Information invariants in robotics. II. Sensors and computation

A theory of information invariance that includes sensors and computation is suggested. The author's results generalize the work of M. Blum and D. Kozen (1978). Detailed yet abstract models of physical autonomous mobile robots are considered together with generalizations and variations on compasses and orientation sensors. A generalized and stratified theory of the power of such sensory-computational devices is developed. It is hoped that information invariants can serve as a framework in which to measure the capabilities of robot systems, to quantify their power, and to reduce their fragility with respect to assumptions that are engineered into the control system or the environment. The authors believe that the equivalences that can be derived between communication, internal state, external state, computation, and sensors, can prove valuable in determining what information is required to solve a task, and how to direct a robot's actions to acquire that information to solve it. <<ETX>>
A Framework for Training Hybrid Recommender Systems

Recommender Systems (RS) are widely used to provide users with personalized suggestions taken from an extended variety of items. One of the major challenges of RS is the accuracy in cold-start situations where little feedback is available for a user or an item. Exploiting available user and item metadata helps to cope with this problem.We propose a hybrid training framework consisting of two predictors, a collaborative filtering instance and a metadata-based instance relying on content and demographic data. Our framework supports a wide range of algorithms to be used as predictors. The cross-training mechanism we design minimizes the weaknesses of one instance by updating its training with predicted data from the other instance. A sophisticated sampling function selects ratings to be predicted for cross-training We evaluate our framework conducting multiple experiments on the MovieLens 100K dataset, simulating different scenarios including user and item cold-start. Our framework outperforms stateof-the-art algorithms and is able to provide accurate predictions across all tested scenarios. ACM Reference format: Simon Bremer1,2, Alan Schelten2, Enrico Lohmann2, Martin Kleinsteuber1,2. 2017. A Framework for Training Hybrid Recommender Systems. In Proceedings of RecSysKTL Workshop @ ACM RecSys ’17, August 27, 2017, Como, Italy, , 8 pages. https://doi.org/N/A
Best-Fit Bin-Packing with Random Order

Best-fit is the best known algorithm for on-line binpacking, in the sense that no algorithm is known to behave better both in the worst case (when Best-fit has performance ratio 1.7) and in the average uniform case, with items drawn uniformly in the interval [0, l] (then Best-fit has expected wasted space O(n’/2(log n)“/“)). In practical applications, Best-fit appears to perform within a few percent of optimal. In this paper, in the spirit of previous work in computational geometry, we study the expected performance ratio, taking the worst-case multiset of items L, and assuming that the elements of L are inserted in random order, with all permutations equally likely. We show a lower bound of 1.08 . and an upper bound of 1.5 on the random order performance ratio of Best-fit. The upper bound contrasts with the result that in the worst case, any (deterministic or randomized) on-line bin-packing algorithm has performance ratio at least 1.54.
Advances in Ink-Jet Printing of MnO2
-Nanosheet Based Pseudocapacitors

An overview of recent progress in the development of 2D manganese oxide nanosheet‐based pseudocapacitors is provided, with emphasis on underlying methods and strategies. 2D manganese oxide nanosheets are sheet‐like monocrystallites of ≈0.5 nm thickness and lateral dimensions of 50–5000 nm. MnO2 nanosheets are synthesized in the form of colloids, which can be readily utilized in wet‐chemical processes like ink‐jet printing. The synthetic strategies to make 2D δ‐MnO2 nanosheets by bottom‐up and top‐down approaches are discussed, and the relationship between the ionic defect structure of δ‐MnO2 nanosheets and their pseudocapacitance is explained. The basic principles and experimental challenges of ink‐jet printing of 2D materials at high resolution, and the development of 2D nanosheet‐based inks are discussed, with emphasis on δ‐MnO2, graphene, and graphene oxide. The fabrication and performance of δ‐MnO2 nanosheet derived pseudocapacitors, including ink‐jet printed flexible microsupercapacitors, is described. The relationship between the electrode thickness and layer architecture and the specific capacitance is explained.
Silicon based uncooled microbolometer

SILICON BASED UNCOOLED MICROBOLOMETER by Asahel Bañobre During the last decade, uncooled microbolometer infrared detectors have attracted the attention of military and civilian infrared detection and imaging industry due to their significant advantages. In actuality, infrared imaging systems play a critical role in sectors such as thermography (predictive maintenance and building inspection), commercial and civilian applications (vision automotive, surveillance, navigation and fire-fighting), and defense industry (thermal weapon sight, soldier vision and vehicle vision enhancer). Compared with the cryogenically cooled infrared photon detectors, uncooled infrared imaging technology offers advantages such as operation at room temperature, light weight and size, reduced power consumption, easy integration with read-out electronics and broadband response capability. The motivation for this study is the consideration of silicon as an alternative candidate to replace the standard infrared detector thermosensing materials, as a result of its low cost and easy integration with the actual silicon planar lithography microfabrication techniques. No prior attempts are known in the literature on the use of low doped p-type silicon (p-Si) as a thermosensing material in thermal infrared detectors. The main aim of this research work is the design, modeling and simulation of low doped p-Si based uncooled microbolometer infrared detector. The theoretical optical modeling, and electronic performance are analyzed and explained. Radiative properties, as function of thin film thickness, of some commonly used thin films of dielectric materials, aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminum nitride (AlN) and silicon nitride (Si3N4) are investigated within the infrared spectral range of 1.5-14.2 μm. A novel thermally isolated, suspended square-shaped multilayer structure microbolometer is proposed. Its radiative properties are simulated and optimized in the long wavelength spectral range of 8-14 μm (transmission window at room temperature). The performance of the proposed microbolometer structure is numerically calculated by the figures of merit that characterize the thermal detector response. The dimensions of the microbolometer structure are optimized in order to achieve the maximum responsivity and low thermal time response required by the imaging systems, while securing the stability and support of the structure. SILICON BASED UNCOOLED MICROBOLOMETER
Bounding Extremal Degrees of Edge-Independent Random Graphs Using Relative Entropy

Edge-independent random graphs are a model of random graphs in which each potential edge appears independently with an individual probability. Based on the relative entropy method, we determine the upper and lower bounds for the extremal vertex degrees using the edge probability matrix and its largest eigenvalue. Moreover, an application to random graphs with given expected degree sequences is presented.
A weight-aggregation multi-objective PSO algorithm for load scheduling of PHEVs

As the supply potential has declined gradually and the pressure for better environment intensifies, the demand for clean energy arises continuously. The consumptive demand for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) thus increases. However, load peak caused by their disordered charging can be detrimental to an entire power grid. Several methods have been proposed to establish ordered PHEV charging. While focusing on single-objective optimal load scheduling, they fail to meet the real requirements for efficient multiple objective optimization. This work proposes a novel weight-aggregation based multi-objective particle swarm optimization method to solve the load scheduling problem. Its effectiveness and efficiency to generate a Pareto front of this problem are verified and compared with those of the state-of-the-art approaches.