Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active flows in diagnostic of troubleshooting on backbone links

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to finding and predicting anomalous network states based on a flow monitoring mechanism. We assume that number of active flows can show a real network state. Moreover, the dependence between flow number and link utilisation allows us to derive an equation for the confidence interval on high-loaded network links. Experiments have been conducted that confirmed the basic position of the model and identified the anomaly network states. A software package based on this model has been created that allows the prevention of DDoS attacks. For successful operation of this software the number of active flows that single IP address can generate has been analysed.
Few Mendelian Genes Underlie the Quantitative Response of a Forest Tree, Eucalyptus globulus, to a Natural Fungal Epidemic

Foliar fungal pathogens from the genus Mycosphaerella affect eucalypts in natural forests and plantations worldwide. QTL analysis was conducted to dissect the genetic control of resistance in Eucalyptus globulus to a natural infection by Mycosphaerella leaf disease, using a clonally replicated outbred F2 family (112 genotypes) planted in a field trial. Two major QTL, with high LOD support (20.2 and 10.9) and high genomewide significance, explained a large proportion (52%) of the phenotypic variance in the severity of damage by Mycosphaerella cryptica, which may be indicative of oligogenic control. Both QTL were validated in a second F2 family and one was validated in a third F2 family. The mean values of different genotype classes at both major QTL argue for Mendelian inheritance with resistance dominant over susceptibility. There were strong correlations between the levels of Mycosphaerella damage in related genetic material planted in three widely separated locations in Tasmania. These findings together provide evidence that the genes controlling resistance to Mycosphaerella damage are stable in different genetic backgrounds and across different environments.
How good are the government’s deficit and debt projections and should we care?

Each year, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) publishes its Budget and Economic Outlook. The CBO’s deficit projections for the current fiscal year (FY) and the next 10 FYs are widely followed because they provide an assessment of the medium-term budget outlook based on current law and a presumed path for the economy over the next decade. Admittedly, this task is more difficult because of the required assumption that the laws governing future outlays and revenues do not change. Nevertheless, given its nonpartisan nature and the CBO’s well-respected staff of professional economists and budget analysts, its projections are closely followed. In this article, the authors update their 2001 assessment of the accuracy of the CBO’s short- and medium-term budget projections by adding an additional 10 years of data. Such analysis is useful in light of the dramatic change in actual and expected fiscal policy, especially over the past few years. In addition, they investigate the extent to which the CBO’s projection errors are affected by errors in forecasting key economic variables and the extent to which the errors relate more to inaccurate projections of revenues or expenditures.
Analisis input-output & social accounting matrix

Analisis Input-Output (I-O) dan Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) merupakan alat analisis yang memasukkan fenomena keseimbangan umum yang didasarkan atas arus transaksi antarpelaku perekonomian dalam berbagai pasar. Buku ini tidak hanya membahas konsep dasar I-O dan SAM, tetapi juga dilengkapi dengan aplikasi kedua peralatan analisis tersebut dalam pembangunan ekonomi daerah. Aplikasi I-O dan SAM yang disajikan dalam buku ini benarbenar contoh kasus dari dunia nyata. Tidak kalah penting, buku ini juga menguraikan beberapa piranti lunak (software) yang dapat digunakan untuk berbagai analisis I-O dan SAM.
Crucial video content extraction using ontology rule-based technology and decision making algorithm

Interpreting and extracting the content from video is fascinating issue to focus in many video based applications especially in mission critical situations. Many facilities exist in video processing that generates raw data and low level features namely color, texture and format which are not enough in complex data analysis of video application. Semantic level features from the video need to be extracted to meet the requirement of high level video processing. This paper explores the extraction technique of semantic level features such as object, event and concepts automatically. Crucial video content extraction model exploits Spatio-temporal relations in addition to concept and event definitions. Meta-Ontology presents a domain-independent rule generation standard that enables the user to generate ontological model for a specific domain. Using decision making algorithm, one can derive a decision of the occurrence of particular event. Rule definitions assist in lowering the computation cost of spatial relation and define the complex situation effectively. Efficacy of the proposed technique is evaluated in terms of precision and recall rates of the extraction of semantic level features.
Clinical Decision Support Systems: A Survey of NLP-Based Approaches from Unstructured Data

Clinical Decision Support on patients health outcomes can be performed from free text with Natural Language Processing techniques. However, it becomes a computational challenge due to the complexity of natural language. In recent years, several NLP-based approaches have been proposed to consider clinical decisions support. This paper presents a survey of Natural Language Processing approaches to support clinical decisions on patient health outcomes. The presented approaches are emphasized on the use of free text as input for diverse languages. An analysis of clinical decision support systems based on natural language processing in terms of their performance results is presented.
Narrating the quantified self

Quantified Self aims at providing people with self-awareness and self-knowledge through the collection of personal data. However, the modalities through which these information are presented often prevent individuals to gain useful insights. Numbers and graphs, in fact, are not suitable for all users. In this work, we suggest that storytelling can provide effective ways to present personal data to users. Looking at narrations and how they are told, Quantified Self tools can satisfy also the needs of those that have less experience in managing quantitative information.
Optimizing Upload Time of Data from Mobile Devices

The technological advances in mobile devices have resulted in increasing numbers of applications on them, and users use these applications to create lots of data. Due to the truly ubiquitous nature of these devices, the data is created potentially at all times of the day and in different wireless environments, e.g., at home, on the subway, at a coffeeshop. These data must eventually be uploaded to the server cloud from the mobile device by connecting to a wireless network. In different environments, the available wireless networks change, and the cost of connecting to them in order to upload these data also changes. For different applications, the preference for the uploading time for their data may be very different. We study the problem of optimizing the time for uploading based on the preferenc measure as well as the cost of the wireless network available at the time of uploading. Furthermore, because the wireless environment is dynamic and nondeterministic in the future, we use machine learning techniques for modeling user mobility patterns and predicting the wireless network in the near future, to assist in finding the optimal uploading time.
Capacity of Gaussian Channels With Energy Harvesting and Processing Cost

Energy harvesting sensor nodes are gaining popularity due to their ability to improve the network life time and are becoming a preferred choice supporting green communication. In this paper, we focus on communicating reliably over an additive white Gaussian noise channel using such an energy harvesting sensor node. An important part of this paper involves appropriate modeling of energy harvesting, as done via various practical architectures. Our main result is the characterization of the Shannon capacity of the communication system. The key technical challenge involves dealing with the dynamic (and stochastic) nature of the (quadratic) cost of the input to the channel. As a corollary, we find close connections between the capacity achieving energy management policies and the queueing theoretic throughput optimal policies.
Modeling annotators to improve semantic annotation and retrieval of images

Semantic annotation of images is an important step to support semantic information extraction and retrieval. However, since the behaviors of annotators could influence the performance of a retrieval system, the modeling of annotators must be considered during the annotation especially in multiple-annotator system. This paper devised an annotator model from three different aspects, expertise, trustworthiness, and diligence. And also conducted experiments to evaluate the annotator model; the experiments showed the proposed annotator model improved the annotation and retrieval significantly.
Guest Editors' Introduction: Perceptual Organization in Computer Vision: Status, Challenges, and Potential

1 In a classic experiment, Smith [1] presented a perceptu random stimulus to subjects who were asked to reproduc The reproduced set was then used as a stimulus for a seco of subjects who were also asked to reproduce what they w shown. After about 12 cascades the final reproduction h definite structure to it. The subjects had (gradually) impo organization on an entirely random stimulus! The experim indicates the importance of organization in human percep The human visual system values organization to such a de that it attempts to find (or impose) it even when none actu exists. Clearly this heuristic behavior has evolved in a wo which, generally, is very much structured. By perceptual or nization we refer to this ability of a vision system to organ detected features, or primitives, in images based on for insta Gestaltic criteria. To put it another way, perceptual organiza can be defined as the ability to impose structural regularity sensory data, so as to group sensory primitives arising fro common underlying cause. This sort of organization then mits the formation of object hypotheses with minimal dom knowledge and, therefore, minimal restrictions. The importance of finding organization in sensory data long been recognized by researchers in human vision, espe the Gestalt psychologists. However, until relatively recently, roles of structure and organization have been minimal in c puter vision systems. Nevertheless, perceptual organizatio been identified as one of the insufficiently emphasized area computer vision, lying as it does in the “middle ground” betwe low-level and high-level processing. Early work in perceptual organization in computer visi dates back to Marr [2] (curvilinear groupings), Witkin a Tenenbaum [3], and Lowe [4]. It was then that the well-kno principle of nonaccidentalness, also known as the principl common cause or the coincidence explanation, was postu for perceptual organization. This principle states that it is hig unlikely for organized arrangements of image features to a by chance and hence, the occurrence of such is significant. S the work of Lowe, who showed that even simple organizatio such as parallel lines and rectangles, can drastically prun recognition search tree, there have been a number of cont tions that demonstrate the importance of perceptual organiz for various vision tasks, e.g., object recognition [5, 6], stereo ally e it. d set ere d a ed ent on. gree lly rld aze nce, ion on m a erin
Proposal of a Goal-Oriented Shared Catalog Model

This research aims to explore the integration possibilities of forms and techniques taken from Linked data and semantic web initiatives in the context of vertical applications, such as shared catalog systems. A theoretical model based on the combination of data detectors, learning by examples applications (LBE) and thematic knowledge databases is proposed as a valid methodology to explore in order to provide a next generation of shared catalogs.
xtel: a development environment to support rapid prototyping of "ubiquitous content"

This paper describes the "xtel" development environment for "Ubiquitous Content". Ubiquitous contents are real space applications that are embedded in day-to-day life and intended for use by consumers. This is content that is experienced through interaction with people, objects and environments that exist in real space. Xtel comprises three tools: the "moxa" MCU board that connects to sensors and actuators and is capable of short-distance wireless communications; the "Talktic" programming/runtime environment for the MCU board that contains a JavaScript parser, compiler, VM and library; and the "Entity Collaborator" P2P network library that is capable of handling continuous information such as video and audio in addition to the discrete information from sensors. Its use both accelerates development and makes development itself easier. As sample applications, this paper also contains an overview of three rapid prototypes developed for use in demonstrations at Maker Faire 2008.
Scales behind computational intelligence: exploring properties of finite lattices

Finite lattices are fundamental structures which can be found in many fields of information science and computational intelligence: data analysis, data mining, multiple-valued logics, fuzzy logics, hierarchical modelling, graph theory, combinatorics, etc. Surprisingly, not much attention has been paid to structural properties of finite lattices. In this paper we study properties of finite lattices up to eleven elements. We present algorithms for generating non-isomorphic finite lattices up to a given size. We propose heuristic tests of non-isomorphism of finite lattices and examine their performance. We present a summary of selected properties of finite lattices
TCP: Improving Startup Dynamics by Adaptive Timers and Congestion Control

This paper studies the startup dynamics of TCP on both high as well as low bandwidth-delay network paths and proposes a set of enhancements that improve both the latency as well as throughput of relatively short TCP transfers. Numerous studies have shown that the timer and congestion control mechanisms in TCP can have a limiting eeect on performance in the startup phase. Based on the results of our study, we propose mechanisms for adapting TCP in order to yield increased performance. First, we propose a framework for the management of timing in TCP. Second, we show how TCP can utilize the proposed timer framework to reduce the overly conservative delay associated with a retransmission timeout. Third, we propose the use of packet pacing in the initial slow-start to improve the performance of relatively short transfers that characterize the web traac. Finally, we quantify the importance of estimating the initial slow-start threshold in TCP, specially on high bandwidth-delay paths.
How do socialization tactics and supervisor behaviors influence newcomers’ psychological contract formation? The mediating role of information acquisition

Abstract This study examines how an organization’s socialization tactics and supervisor behaviors can influence a newcomer’s psychological contract by identifying the specific factors involved in its formation process. It hypothesizes that socialization tactics and supervisor behaviors would help newcomers perceive more promises in their relationship with the organization and that this relationship would be mediated by the acquisition of organizational information. In this study, a longitudinal approach was adopted and 221 newcomers at major Korean companies were surveyed twice, with a three-month interval between the surveys. The results show that the extent to which socialization tactics are institutionalized positively affects newcomers’ perception of promises. The extent to which supervisors demonstrate relational behaviors also positively affects newcomers’ perceptions of promises. Further, these relationships are fully mediated by the acquisition of organizational information. The results show the significant impact of socialization tactics and supervisor behaviors on the formation of psychological contracts, highlighting the role of information as one of the causal explanations of these relationships.
Technological progress in enterprises and diffusion of innovations : theoretical reflections and empirical evidence

ion in the realm of control processes may obscure some important features of technical change. The development and use of technology is to a large extent a control process: it is getting to know how to make or do something. This type of control activity is different from decision making by calculating. It is a process that works with technical information, beside price information, which has rather different characteristics. First of all, technical information is not readily accessible. Secondly, it is complex and cannot be reduced to a single dimension. Thirdly, it requires research and training to be able to put technical information to use. Thus control processes, when technological information is involved, are not limited to computing and deciding. There is also gathering and researching of information, comparing and evaluating, studying and mastering, training and developing skills and building up routines. These are all processes that require an investment of time and effort. Thus cognitive activities acquire the characteristics of a production process: inputs are transformed into outputs, which are, beside decisions, knowledge and skills, inventions and innovations. In this context, it is worthwhile to refer to an alternative to the usual rationality concept, the concept of bounded rationality. Simon, who first introduced this term, argues that, due to cognitive constraints, rationality in economics is restricted: "In any realistic description of the environment of a human decision maker, the variables and information to which he might attend (and to which he must attend to satisfy the strict requirements of rationality) arc innumerable. The hypothesis of bounded rationality claims that human beings handle this difficulty by attending to only a small part of the complexity about them. They make a highly simplified model of the world, and they make their decisions in terms of that model and the subset of variables that enter into it. Now this approach may work very well (.) if the number of very important variables is small at any given lime, and if this list of important variables does not change from time to time without the change being noticed. " [Simon (1986) p. 33-34]. Simon 3 Mueller argues that our understanding of (be functioning of the business corporation has suffered, not so much from lack of recognition of constraints, but from the unwillingness of economists to adopt a more realistic set of behavioural assumptions about managerial motivation. He supports bis attack on the assumptions of profit and shareholder wealth maximization and his plea for broader models of managerial motivation with empirical evidence from principal/agent and industrial organization literature [Mueller (1992)].
The Moderating Effect of Skin Conductance Level on the Relationship between Family Conflict and Disordered Eating Behaviors

The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) on the relation between family conflict and disordered eating behaviors. Participants were 67 undergraduate students at the University at Albany, SUNY, ages 17 to 40. Researchers used a retrospective measure of harsh parenting and interparental aggression experienced during childhood and adolescence to determine how sympathetic activation interacts with family conflict in predicting disordered eating behaviors in a sample of university students. SNS activation was measured by baseline skin conductance level (SCL). Results indicated that SCL moderated the relationship between harsh parenting experienced during childhood and eating disorder behaviors. This suggests that perhaps in individuals at risk for disordered eating behaviors as a result of harsh parenting, lower levels of sympathetic activation fail to inhibit the impulse to engage in potentially risky or destructive behaviors.
IMPLICATIONS OF HOUSEHOLD FORM, GENDER AND PARENTING CULTURES FOR CAR USE AND URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY: A SYDNEY STUDY

This paper thus reports findings from a research investigation into differentiations in car-use in the Sydney Metropolitan region. In this investigation the authors ask: how do travel mode, travel purpose by car and travel time by car vary, firstly by household type, and secondly by gender? The research is based on an analysis of the pooled results of the Household Travel Survey conducted by the NSW Department of Transport between 1991 and 1998. The authors found that both men and women in households with children more commonly travel by car, and especially for serve passenger trips. The authors also find that gender differences in travel by car may not be as significant as commonly thought. The study has a number of implications. One is that further research on 'serve passenger' trips is sorely needed. A second implication is that recognising the geographic and social specificity of car use may produce more appropriate and effective strategies for both reducing the growth in Sydney's car-use and meeting transport needs of the Sydney community. (a) For the covering entry of this conference, please see ITRD abstract no. E209537.
Heterogeneity in Meta-Analyses of Genome-Wide Association Investigations

Background Meta-analysis is the systematic and quantitative synthesis of effect sizes and the exploration of their diversity across different studies. Meta-analyses are increasingly applied to synthesize data from genome-wide association (GWA) studies and from other teams that try to replicate the genetic variants that emerge from such investigations. Between-study heterogeneity is important to document and may point to interesting leads. Methodology/Principal Findings To exemplify these issues, we used data from three GWA studies on type 2 diabetes and their replication efforts where meta-analyses of all data using fixed effects methods (not incorporating between-study heterogeneity) have already been published. We considered 11 polymorphisms that at least one of the three teams has suggested as susceptibility loci for type 2 diabetes. The I2 inconsistency metric (measuring the amount of heterogeneity not due to chance) was different from 0 (no detectable heterogeneity) for 6 of the 11 genetic variants; inconsistency was moderate to very large (I2 = 32–77%) for 5 of them. For these 5 polymorphisms, random effects calculations incorporating between-study heterogeneity revealed more conservative p-values for the summary effects compared with the fixed effects calculations. These 5 associations were perused in detail to highlight potential explanations for between-study heterogeneity. These include identification of a marker for a correlated phenotype (e.g. FTO rs8050136 being associated with type 2 diabetes through its effect on obesity); differential linkage disequilibrium across studies of the identified genetic markers with the respective culprit polymorphisms (e.g., possibly the case for CDKAL1 polymorphisms or for rs9300039 and markers in linkage disequilibrium, as shown by additional studies); and potential bias. Results were largely similar, when we treated the discovery and replication data from each GWA investigation as separate studies. Significance Between-study heterogeneity is useful to document in the synthesis of data from GWA investigations and can offer valuable insights for further clarification of gene-disease associations.