Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vsep-New Heuristic and Exact Algorithms for Graph Automorphism Group Computation

One exact and two heuristic algorithms for determining the generators, orbits and order of the graph automorphism group are presented. A basic tool of these algorithms is the well-known individualization and refinement procedure. A search tree is used in the algorithms - each node of the tree is a partition. All nonequivalent discreet partitions derivative of the selected vertices are stored in a coded form. A new strategy is used in the exact algorithm: if during its execution some of the searched or intermediate variables obtain a wrong value then the algorithm continues from a new start point losing some of the results determined so far. The algorithms has been tested on one of the known benchmark graphs and shows lower running times for some graph families. The heuristic versions of the algorithms are based on determining some number of discreet partitions derivative of each vertex in the selected cell of the initial partition and comparing them for an automorphism - their search trees are reduced. The heuristic algorithms are almost exact and are many times faster than the exact one. The experimental tests exhibit that the worst-cases running time of the exact algorithm is exponential but it is polynomial for the heuristic algorithms. Several cell selectors are used. Some of them are new. We also use a chooser of cell selector for choosing the optimal cell selector for the manipulated graph. The proposed heuristic algorithms use two main heuristic procedures that generate two different forests of search trees.
MAP-REDUCE IMPLEMENTATIONS: SURVEY AND PERFORMANCE COMPARISON

Map Reduce has gained remarkable significance as a prominent parallel data processing tool in the research community, academia and industry with the spurt in volume of data that is to be analyzed. Map Reduce is used in different applications such as data mining, data analytics where massive data analysis is required, but still it is constantly being explored on different parameters such as performance and efficiency. This survey intends to explore large scale data processing using MapReduce and its various implementations to facilitate the database, researchers and other communities in developing the technical understanding of the MapReduce framework. In this survey, different MapReduce implementations are explored and their inherent features are compared on different parameters. It also addresses the open issues and challenges raised on fully functional DBMS/Data Warehouse on MapReduce. The comparison of various Map Reduce implementations is done with the most popular implementation Hadoop and other similar implementations using other platforms.
Novel single phase Dynamic Voltage Restorer based on DC-modulation AC/AC technique

A new idea of using DC-DC modulation AC/AC technique instead of a transformer to link Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) to the transmission line is proposed in this paper. Dynamic voltage restorer is used as series compensation to mitigate voltage disturbances. This paper presents a transformerless DVR that can mitigate long duration voltage sags and swells with lower losses and a flexible AC/AC conversion ratio. The use of DC-modulated AC/AC converters is a new technique that allows the DVR to be connected directly to the distribution network without using a costly and bulky injection transformer. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency against voltage disturbances of proposed DC-modulation technique used to replace the transformer in DVR application.
Rat hindlimb muscle blood flow during level and downhill locomotion.

During eccentrically biased exercise (e.g., downhill locomotion), whole body oxygen consumption and blood lactate concentrations are lower than during level locomotion. These general systemic measurements indicate that muscle metabolism is lower during downhill exercise. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that hindlimb muscle blood flow is correspondingly lower during downhill vs. level exercise. Muscle blood flow (determined by using radioactive microspheres) was measured in rats after 15 min of treadmill exercise at 15 m/min on the level (L, 0 degrees) or downhill (D, -17 degrees). Blood flow to ankle extensor muscles was either lower (e.g., white gastrocnemius muscle: D, 9 +/- 2; L, 15 +/- 1 ml. min-1. 100 g-1) or not different (e.g., soleus muscle: D, 250 +/- 35; L, 230 +/- 21 ml. min-1. 100 g-1) in downhill vs. level exercise. In contrast, blood flow to ankle flexor muscles was higher (e.g., extensor digitorum longus muscle: D, 53 +/- 5; L, 31 +/- 6 ml. min-1. 100 g-1) during downhill vs. level exercise. When individual extensor and flexor muscle flows were summed, total flow to the leg was lower during downhill exercise (D, 3.24 +/- 0.08; L, 3.47 +/- 0. 05 ml/min). These data indicate that muscle blood flow and metabolism are lower during eccentrically biased exercise but are not uniformly reduced in all active muscles; i.e., flows are equivalent in several ankle extensor muscles and higher in ankle flexor muscles.
First Trimester Biomarkers in the Prediction of Later Pregnancy Complications

Adverse obstetric outcomes, such as preeclampsia, preterm birth, gestational diabetes, and fetal growth restriction, are poorly predicted by maternal history and risk factors alone, especially in nulliparae. The ability to predict these outcomes from the first trimester would allow for the early initiation of prophylactic therapies, institution of an appropriate model and location of care, and recruitment of a truly “high risk” population to clinical trials of interventions to prevent or ameliorate these conditions. To this end, development of adequately sensitive and specific predictive tests for these outcomes has become a significant focus of perinatal research. This paper reviews the biomarkers involved in these multiparametric tests and also outlines the performance of these tests and issues regarding their introduction into clinical practice.
Extent of social media usage by students for improved learning in Tertiary Institution

This study was carried out to ascertain the perception of students on the use of social media for educational purposes. It was conducted in three tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The sample comprised 200 respondents randomly selected from three tertiary institutions in Rivers State. Five research objectives and four null hypotheses were used for the study. Mean scores, ANOVA, multiple comparison test using schaffer model, and Correlational Analysis were the statistical tools used in the study. The study found that social media is used in the study. The study found that social is used for educational purposes in terms of communication, sharing and exchanging ideas with improved engagement with technology. The study also revealed that social media is frequently used for interactions with friends for classroom assignment, communication in and outside classroom, promoting interactions during lectures, promoting informal learning, enhance course grades, facilitating language exchange, video conferencing, creating room for educational and video sharing. In terms of attitude of students, respondents generally have favourable attitude towards use of social media. The study revealed significant differences exist in social media usage across the three universities involved in the study and significant differences exist in usage of social media between male and female respondents; and in attitude of students towards social media. Based on these findings, the study recommend that the use of social media should be incorporated into the curriculum for enhanced universities education.
The Role of the Microbiota in the Prevention of Hospital Infections

Antibiyotiklerin aşırı kullanımı, çoklu ilaca dirençli (ÇİD) bakteri seçilimiyle sonuçlanmıştır. Önemli bir halk sağlığı tehdidi olan ÇİD mikroorganizmalar hastane kaynaklı bakteriyel infeksiyonların büyük bir bölümünü oluşturmaktadır. Yüksek insidans nedeniyle, geleneksel olmayan tedaviler günümüzdeki tedavi yöntemlerine ideal alternatiflerdir ve bu infeksiyonları önlemeye yönelik yol göstericidirler. Mikrobiyota teriminin anlaşılması ve bu alanda yapılan çalışmaların artmasıyla mikrobiyomun restore edilmesi ve bütünlüğünün sürdürülmesinin, ÇİD mikroorganizma kaynaklı infeksiyonları ve kolonizasyonu önlemede bir seçenek olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu kompleks mikroorganizma topluluğu, yaşam alanı ve besin kaynakları için rekabet ve konak ile arasında gelişen immünolojik ve biyokimyasal etkileşimler yoluyla ÇİD mikroorganizmalarla kolonizasyonu önleyebilir. İnfeksiyon kontrolü ve antibiyotik tedavisinin gelecekteki yönü, alternatif tedavi yöntemlerine doğru ilerlemektedir.
: 3 D Visual SLAM applied to large-scale underwater scenarios

This MSc thesis studies the most recent published techniques in the field of Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (V-SLAM). In particular it is focused on large-scale underwater environments and on the existing techniques available to speed up the process. The main research field we investigate is the filtering algorithms as a way of reducing the amount of data. It seems that almost all the current approaches can not perform consistent maps for large areas, mainly due to the increase of the computational cost and due to the uncertainties that become prohibitive when the scenario becomes larger. I have not failed. I have just found 10,000 ways that will not work.
ParB deficiency in Pseudomonas aeruginosa destabilizes the partner protein ParA and affects a variety of physiological parameters

Deletions leading to complete or partial removal of ParB were introduced into the Pseudomonas aeruginosa chromosome. Fluorescence microscopy of fixed cells showed that ParB mutants lacking the C-terminal domain or HTH motif formed multiple, less intense foci scattered irregularly, in contrast to the one to four ParB foci per cell symmetrically distributed in wild-type P. aeruginosa. All parB mutations affected both bacterial growth and swarming and swimming motilities, and increased the production of anucleate cells. Similar effects were observed after inactivation of parA of P. aeruginosa. As complete loss of ParA destabilized its partner ParB it was unclear deficiency of which protein is responsible for the mutant phenotypes. Analysis of four parB mutants showed that complete loss of ParB destabilized ParA whereas three mutants that retained the N-terminal 90 aa of ParB did not. As all four parB mutants demonstrate the same defects it can be concluded that either ParB, or ParA and ParB in combination, plays an important role in nucleoid distribution, growth and motility in P. aeruginosa.
Computations of the Yamabe invariant

For a compact connected manifold M of dimension n greater than 3 and with no metric of positive scalar curvature, we prove that the Yamabe invariant is unchanged under surgery on spheres of dimension different from 1, n-2 and n-1. We use this result to give new computations of the invariant in dimension four and display new examples of 4-manifolds which do not admit Einstein metrics.
Youth Cognition Surrounding Bullying of Peers With Disabilities: Inclusion, Intervention, and the Role of the Group

Children with disabilities often experience high rates of bullying, teasing, and social exclusion and these experiences are related to a host of negative outcomes for children who are victimized by these forms of bias-based bullying. Little is known, however, about children’s cognition regarding bullying and exclusion of youth with disabilities. The current study measured children’s (9- to 10- and 11- to 12-year-olds; N = 90) social cognition regarding bullying and exclusion of peers with different types of disabilities. Results revealed that children’s expectations of how inclusive their peers would be toward youth with disabilities were related to participants’ own inclusion expectations and that male participants and those who reported greater levels of frustration were less likely to expect that they would include peers with disabilities. Furthermore, participants’ moral judgments about the harmful nature of bullying and their own rates of aggressive behavior were associated with their likelihood of intervening if they observed youth with disabilities being victimized. Finally, results indicated variation in types of intervention behaviors children expected to employ. The findings indicate that youth recognize the importance of challenging bullying and exclusion of youth with disabilities, but that they are also influenced by their perceptions of peer responses.
The association between the adaptive/maladaptive personality dimensions and emotional regulation

This study investigates the associations between the big five personality dimensions, dark personality traits, and the brief form of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 with Emotion regulation difficulty dimensions. Data was obtained in a sample of normal population (N = 461). Results showed the associations between neuroticism and openness to experience from the big five personality dimensions and emotion regulation difficulty (p < 0.01). Machiavellianism and psychopathy from dark traits was associated with emotion regulation difficulty (p < 0.01). Negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism showed positive associations with emotion regulation difficulty (p < 0.01). The results of this study expand the understanding of adaptive/maladaptive personality dimensions and indicate how adaptive and maladaptive personality dimensions could explain emotion regulation difficulty.
No-reference image quality assessment for removal of processed and unprocessed noise

We present a fast no-reference quality measurement method based on the entropy analysis of the image structure. The information that an images carries is represented not only by intensity values but also their position in the image. We examine the behavior of the entropy by altering the positions to distinguish the image structure, noise and blur. We propose a method to rearrange the pixel placements using a random pixel scattering transform. Using this transform we firstly determine the local power of image structure relative to noise and then we obtain the quality index by combining this information with our proposed blur factor. We show that this method is useful to select denoising parameters automatically in both unprocessed (white Gaussian) and processed (frequency-dependent) noise when the reference image is not available. Our method is easy to implement and yet rivals state-of-the-art quality measurement approaches.
Data Distillation for Controlling Specificity in Dialogue Generation

People speak at different levels of specificity in different situations. Depending on their knowledge, interlocutors, mood, etc.} A conversational agent should have this ability and know when to be specific and when to be general. We propose an approach that gives a neural network--based conversational agent this ability. Our approach involves alternating between \emph{data distillation} and model training : removing training examples that are closest to the responses most commonly produced by the model trained from the last round and then retrain the model on the remaining dataset. Dialogue generation models trained with different degrees of data distillation manifest different levels of specificity. We then train a reinforcement learning system for selecting among this pool of generation models, to choose the best level of specificity for a given input. Compared to the original generative model trained without distillation, the proposed system is capable of generating more interesting and higher-quality responses, in addition to appropriately adjusting specificity depending on the context. Our research constitutes a specific case of a broader approach involving training multiple subsystems from a single dataset distinguished by differences in a specific property one wishes to model. We show that from such a set of subsystems, one can use reinforcement learning to build a system that tailors its output to different input contexts at test time.
Reconstructing the Full Internal State of a Molecular Phylogenetic Tree with Arbitrary , Branch-Dependent Substitution Probabilities

This note is about how to get a full statistical reconstruction of the internal-node state probabilities and the Markov transition matrices of a phylogenetic tree, given only data at the leaf nodes (that is, data for extant taxa). Almost all of this is standard textbook stuff—except that I can’t find any standard textbook, or even paper in the literature, that gives a clear exposition in modern language. While Reference [1] is a good starting point, it is too elementary. Reader, if you know of a more advanced published treatment, or have written one, please let me know! By “modern” I of course mean Bayesian. The treatment here includes what is commonly known as maximum likelihood (ML) reconstruction. The relationship between ML and Bayesian methods is widely understood. The data is taken to be a set of aligned positions in multiple genomes, each position being a base pair, or possibly a codon labeled by its amino acid. Missing data is allowed. In this note, we are given the topology and taxon node assignment of the phylogenetic tree. That is, the whole vast machinery of finding the correct tree is assumed already to have operated. Now, we only want to reconstruct the internal details of the (assumed) Markov model. We make the usual (simple) assumption that the Markov model acts identically and independently on each aligned position. That is, we here ignore the possibility that substitution rates vary across the given set of nucleotide sites (e.g., as a gamma distribution [2]) and concomitant pitfalls known to be possible in such mixture models (see [3],[4]). However, there are several further common specializations that we don’t make, instead treating the general case:
Weakening and strengthening in Romance revisited

This paper investigates the extent to which segmental substitutions traditionally attributed to articulatory weakening and strengthening through changes in constriction degree are, in fact, caused by aerodynamic, perceptual or other articulatory mechanisms. For that purpose the articulatory, acoustic and distributional characteristics of consonants participating in the implementation of several sound change processes in Romance (lenition, occlusivization, fricativization, voicing/devoicing, affrication/deaffrication, vocalization, rhotacism, nasalization, lateralization, aspiration, glottalization, elision and place substitutions) are carefully reviewed. Data show that, while appropriate for segmental replacements involving articulatory reduction, the notion ‘weakening’ cannot always account for consonant changes involving backing, vocalization, aspiration and elision. Other factors besides articulatory reduction may also play a role in the implementation of consonant changes traditionally attributed to weakening, i.e., gestural decomposition, acoustic equivalence, and the perceptual categorization of the vowel transitions or of intermediate phonetic realizations between those of the input and output consonants. On the other hand, articulatory strengthening appears to be a plausible strategy for segmental substitutions occurring in strong positions but not so for sound changes involving devoicing.
Navigation modes for combined table/screen 3D scene rendering

This paper compares two navigation techniques for settings that combine a 2D table-top view and a 3D large wall display, both rendering the same 3D virtual scene. The two navigation techniques, called Camera Based (CB) and View Based (VB) strongly rely on the spatial relationships between both displays. In the CB technique, the 3D point of view displayed on the wall is controlled through a draggable icon on the 2D table-top view. The VB technique presents the same icon on the table-top view but statically located at the center and oriented toward the physical wall display while the user pans and rotates the whole scene around the icon. While CB offers a more consistent 2D view, VB reduces the user's mental rotations required to understand the relations between both views. We perform a comparative user study showing user's preference for VB technique while performances for complex tasks are better with the CB technique. Finally we discuss other aspects of such navigation techniques, such as the possibility of having more than one point of view, occlusion, and multiple users.
Very High Resolution NeuroElectric Brain Imaging Realized by Referee Consensus Processing

Electrical current flow within populations of neurons is a fundamental constituent of brain function. The resulting fluctuating magnetic fields may be sampled noninvasively with an array of magnetic field detectors positioned outside a patient’s head. This is magnetoencephalography (MEG). Each source may be characterized by 5-6 parameters, the xyz location and the xyz direction. The magnetic field measurements are nonlinear in the location parameters; hence the source location is identifiable only via search of the brain volume. When there is one or a very few sources, this may be practical; solutions for the general problem are weak. Referee consensus is a new method which enables identification of one source at a time regardless of the number and location of others. This “independence” enables solution of the general problem and insures suitability to grid computing. The computation scales linearly with the number of nonlinear parameters. MEG recordings were obtained from volunteers while they performed a cognitive task The recordings were processed on the Open Science Grid (≈150 CPU hours/sec of data). On average 500-1500 sources were active throughout. Statistical analyses demonstrated < 2 mm resolving power [1] and very strong findings (p < 0.02 400 ) when testing for task specific information in the extracted virtual recordings from each individual. 3D maps of differential activation, neuroelectric tomography, provide a very high resolution functional imaging modality which compares favorably with functional MR imaging. Referee consensus is applicable widely to measurement systems including microwave telescope imaging, seismic tomography, and financial market linkage identification. Applicability requires: (1) The measurements are linear in at least one parameter of each “source. ” (2) Each source is detectable at multiple sensors. (3) A sequence of measurements in time is available. [1] Linear dimensions are represented in this standard form. Volume dimensions are represented throughout in terms of the length of a side, e.g. 8mm 3 instead of ½ cc, ½ cm 3 or 512 mm 3 .
Application of crossover mutation ant colony algorithm in emergency logistics vehicle routing problem

Ant colony algorithm is a kind of novel simulation-biological evolution algorithm. An improved ant colony algorithm was utilized to solve the vehicle routing problem in emergency logistics. Genetic algorithm was utilized to optimize the parameters of ant colony algorithm. The algorithm possesses some characteristics such as strong total researching ability. The experimental results show that the improved ant colony algorithm possesses better optimization quantity and effect than the traditional ant colony algorithm.