Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Transparahippocampal selective amygdalohippocampectomy in children and adolescents: efficacy of the procedure and cognitive morbidity in patients.

OBJECT Unilateral resection of the hippocampus and amygdala can be used to treat medically intractable mesial temporal lobe seizures. To date seizure outcome and the extent of cognitive morbidity have been unknown in children following the transparahippocampal variation of selective amygdalohippocampectomy (TSA), which prompted the present prospective study. METHODS Preoperative examinations and outcomes in 22 consecutive children and adolescents who underwent TSA were studied. Cognitive and psychological morbidity were assessed using standard neuropsychological instruments. The authors evaluated relationships between seizure control and cognitive morbidity and 13 and nine clinical variables, respectively. Seizure control was achieved in 11 (65%) of 17 patients (>2 years follow up). Among 13 clinical variables, the only preoperative finding that had a significant bearing on seizure control was the presence of unilateral hypometabolism, which could be observed on [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography scans (p<0.001). Patients with seizure control showed significant improvements in verbal and full scale intelligence quotients (both p = 0.05). Patients with longer preoperative durations of seizures exhibited more cognitive impairment that persisted postoperatively. Cognitive outcome analysis based on nine clinical factors revealed no significant difference in cognitive parameters postoperatively, except that significant improvement occurred in rote verbal memory scores among patients who underwent right-sided TSA (p = 0.01). Individually, 81% of the children achieved significant improvement in at least one of seven cognitive parameters, and 52% had stable or improved scores in all parameters. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that TSA is a safe effective approach for the treatment of medically intractable mesial temporal lobe seizures in children with minimum effect on cognitive morbidity. Given that the literature suggests that children suffer progressive cognitive morbidity from persistent seizures, the results of this study support early surgical intervention for this group of children.
Dual-band omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna utilizing epsilon negative transmission line

In this paper, a dual-band omnidirectional circularly polarized (CP) antenna is presented using 0 and +1 modes of epsilon negative (ENG) transmission line (TL). The antenna is based on the circular mushroom structure with curved branches. The CP antenna is a planar type and simply designed without 90 degree phase shifter and dual feeding structure. The measured average axial ratios at 0 and +1 mode in the azimuthal plane are 2.03 dB and 3.88 dB, respectively. The measured average left-hand (LH) CP gain and right-hand (RH) CP gain are -0.40 dBic at 0 mode and -0.66 dBic at +1 mode, respectively, in the azimuthal plane and these results show a good agreement with simulated data.
Divergent responses of Atlantic coastal and oceanic Synechococcus to iron limitation

Significance Conventional knowledge suggests that coastal phytoplankton are less able to adapt to Fe limitation than open ocean species. Here we show that in contrast to the established paradigm, coastal Synechococcus from the New England shelf is capable of dynamic, multitiered Fe adaptation that allows it to thrive over a broad range of Fe concentrations by partitioning Fe among different uptake and storage proteins. This protein-based response is beneficial in high nitrogen (N) waters with low and variable Fe:N ratios. An oceanic Atlantic Synechococcus isolate lacks this adaptive response, suggesting the small yet significant N cost of retaining Fe response proteins offsets the benefit of Fe adaptability in the southern Sargasso Sea, where N is chronically scarce and Fe:N ratios are high. Marine Synechococcus are some of the most diverse and ubiquitous phytoplankton, and iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient that limits productivity in many parts of the ocean. To investigate how coastal and oceanic Atlantic Synechococcus strains acclimate to Fe availability, we compared the growth, photophysiology, and quantitative proteomics of two Synechococcus strains from different Fe regimes. Synechococcus strain WH8102, from a region in the southern Sargasso Sea that receives substantial dust deposition, showed impaired growth and photophysiology as Fe declined, yet used few acclimation responses. Coastal WH8020, from the dynamic, seasonally variable New England shelf, displayed a multitiered, hierarchical cascade of acclimation responses with different Fe thresholds. The multitiered response included changes in Fe acquisition, storage, and photosynthetic proteins, substitution of flavodoxin for ferredoxin, and modified photophysiology, all while maintaining remarkably stable growth rates over a range of Fe concentrations. Modulation of two distinct ferric uptake regulator (Fur) proteins that coincided with the multitiered proteome response was found, implying the coastal strain has different regulatory threshold responses to low Fe availability. Low nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability in the open ocean may favor the loss of Fe response genes when Fe availability is consistent over time, whereas these genes are retained in dynamic environments where Fe availability fluctuates and N and P are more abundant.
Obesity and the risk of heart failure.

BACKGROUND Extreme obesity is recognized to be a risk factor for heart failure. It is unclear whether overweight and lesser degrees of obesity also pose a risk. METHODS We investigated the relation between the body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) and the incidence of heart failure among 5881 participants in the Framingham Heart Study (mean age, 55 years; 54 percent women). With the use of Cox proportional-hazards models, the body-mass index was evaluated both as a continuous variable and as a categorical variable (normal, 18.5 to 24.9; overweight, 25.0 to 29.9; and obese, 30.0 or more). RESULTS During follow-up (mean, 14 years), heart failure developed in 496 subjects (258 women and 238 men). After adjustment for established risk factors, there was an increase in the risk of heart failure of 5 percent for men and 7 percent for women for each increment of 1 in body-mass index. As compared with subjects with a normal body-mass index, obese subjects had a doubling of the risk of heart failure. For women, the hazard ratio was 2.12 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.51 to 2.97); for men, the hazard ratio was 1.90 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.30 to 2.79). A graded increase in the risk of heart failure was observed across categories of body-mass index. The hazard ratios per increase in category were 1.46 in women (95 percent confidence interval, 1.23 to 1.72) and 1.37 in men (95 percent confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.67). CONCLUSIONS In our large, community-based sample, increased body-mass index was associated with an increased risk of heart failure. Given the high prevalence of obesity in the United States, strategies to promote optimal body weight may reduce the population burden of heart failure.
Endocardial to Myocardial Notch-Wnt-Bmp Axis Regulates Early Heart Valve Development

Endocardial to mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is a fundamental cellular process required for heart valve formation. Notch, Wnt and Bmp pathways are known to regulate this process. To further address how these pathways coordinate in the process, we specifically disrupted Notch1 or Jagged1 in the endocardium of mouse embryonic hearts and showed that Jagged1-Notch1 signaling in the endocardium is essential for EMT and early valvular cushion formation. qPCR and RNA in situ hybridization assays reveal that endocardial Jagged1-Notch1 signaling regulates Wnt4 expression in the atrioventricular canal (AVC) endocardium and Bmp2 in the AVC myocardium. Whole embryo cultures treated with Wnt4 or Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (Wif1) show that Bmp2 expression in the AVC myocardium is dependent on Wnt activity; Wnt4 also reinstates Bmp2 expression in the AVC myocardium of endocardial Notch1 null embryos. Furthermore, while both Wnt4 and Bmp2 rescue the defective EMT resulting from Notch inhibition, Wnt4 requires Bmp for its action. These results demonstrate that Jagged1-Notch1 signaling in endocardial cells induces the expression of Wnt4, which subsequently acts as a paracrine factor to upregulate Bmp2 expression in the adjacent AVC myocardium to signal EMT.
Reliable Averaging for the Primal Variable in the Courant FEM and Hierarchical Error Estimators on Red-Refined Meshes

Abstract A hierarchical a posteriori error estimator for the first-order finite element method (FEM) on a red-refined triangular mesh is presented for the 2D Poisson model problem. Reliability and efficiency with some explicit constant is proved for triangulations with inner angles smaller than or equal to π 2${\frac{\pi }{2}}$ . The error estimator does not rely on any saturation assumption and is valid even in the pre-asymptotic regime on arbitrarily coarse meshes. The evaluation of the estimator is a simple post-processing of the piecewise linear FEM without any extra solve plus a higher-order approximation term. The results also allow the striking observation that arbitrary local averaging of the primal variable leads to a reliable and efficient error estimation. Several numerical experiments illustrate the performance of the proposed a posteriori error estimator for computational benchmarks.
Thin Film Resonators and High Frequency Filters

A camera comprises an exposure device for making an exposure; a signal receiving circuit for receiving a remote-control signal; and a control circuit for a bulb exposure. The control circuit is arranged to cause the exposure device to begin the exposure in response to reception of the remote-control signal by the signal receiving circuit and, after that, to cause the exposure device to terminate the exposure in response to reception of another remote-control signal by the signal receiving circuit.
Secure Aggregated Routing Protocol in WSN - A Review

sensor Networks (WSN) require secure aggregated routing of sensor data transmitted from source node to the sink node for most of its applications. Several existing routing protocols are explained in this paper with aggregation for WSN's are explored. The main objective of this paper provides the importance of secure aggregated routing algorithms for WSN to collect process and aggregate the data from sensors in an energetic conservative manner. Hence the network performance is enhanced. This paper scrutinizes the relationship between aggregation, routing and security issues in WSN. This survey covers a wide range of key issues in routing protocols based on its own evaluation metrics such as throughput, Packet delivery ratio, network lifetime, energy conservation, complexity, scalability and efficiency. In this work, the routing protocols, and its associated parameters are discussed along with the parameters based on the literature survey open research problem and further research directions in the future related to aggregate routing in WSN are discussed.
Mixtures of g Priors for Bayesian Variable Selection

Zellner's g prior remains a popular conventional prior for use in Bayesian variable selection, despite several undesirable consistency issues. In this article we study mixtures of g priors as an alternative to default g priors that resolve many of the problems with the original formulation while maintaining the computational tractability that has made the g prior so popular. We present theoretical properties of the mixture g priors and provide real and simulated examples to compare the mixture formulation with fixed g priors, empirical Bayes approaches, and other default procedures. Please see Arnold Zellner's letter and the author's response.
Inhibition of Netrin-Mediated Axon Attraction by a Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase

During axon guidance, the ventral guidance of the Caenorhabditis elegans anterior ventral microtubule axon is controlled by two cues, the UNC-6/netrin attractant recognized by the UNC-40/DCC receptor and the SLT-1/slit repellent recognized by the SAX-3/robo receptor. We show here that loss-of-function mutations in clr-1 enhance netrin-dependent attraction, suppressing ventral guidance defects in slt-1 mutants. clr-1 encodes a transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (RPTP) that functions in AVM to inhibit signaling through the DCC family receptor UNC-40 and its effector, UNC-34/enabled. The known effects of other RPTPs in axon guidance could result from modulation of guidance receptors like UNC-40/DCC.
Functional Connectivity Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Stroke: An Evidence-Based Clinical Review

Stroke is a common condition that may lead to various degrees of neurological deficit and long-term disability. It has become increasingly recognized that cortical reorganization of neuronal networks plays a significant role in regaining function following a focal brain injury. However, the mechanisms involved in this process are still not fully understood. Resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging is a rapidly evolving scanning technique that has the potential to shed light into this neuronal rearrangement. A better understanding of the underlying neurological pathways may contribute to the development of targeted treatment that will promote repair and reduce poststroke deficit. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date summary of the available scientific data evaluating the clinical application of functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging among stroke survivors.
A Simple and Effective Closed-Form GN Model Correction Formula Accounting for Signal Non-Gaussian Distribution

The GN model of nonlinear fiber propagation has been shown to overestimate the variance of nonlinearity due to the signal Gaussianity approximation, leading to maximum reach predictions for realistic optical systems, which may be pessimistic by about 5% to 15%, depending on fiber type and system setup. Analytical corrections have been proposed, which, however, substantially increase the model complexity. In this paper, we provide a simple closed-form GN model correction formula, derived from the EGN model, which we show to be quite effective in correcting for the GN model tendency to overestimate nonlinearity. The formula also permits to clearly identify the correction dependence on key system parameters, such as span length and loss.
Construction of Multiplicative Monotone Span Program

Multiplicative monotone span program is one of the important tools to realize secure multiparty computation. It is essential to construct multiplicative monotone span programs for secure multiparty computations. For any access structure, Cramer et al. gave a method to construct multiplicative monotone span programs, but its row size became double, and the column size also increased. In this paper, we propose a new construction which can get a multiplicative monotone span program with the row size less than double without changing the column size.
Behavior and neuropsychiatric manifestations in Angelman syndrome

Angelman syndrome has been suggested as a disease model of neurogenetic developmental condition with a specific behavioral phenotype. It is due to lack of expression of the UBE3A gene, an imprinted gene located on chromosome 15q. Here we review the main features of this phenotype, characterized by happy demeanor with prominent smiling, poorly specific laughing and general exuberance, associated with hypermotor behavior, stereotypies, and reduced behavioral adaptive skills despite proactive social contact. All these phenotypic characteristics are currently difficult to quantify and have been subject to some differences in interpretation. For example, prevalence of autistic disorder is still debated. Many of these features may occur in other syndromic or nonsyndromic forms of severe intellectual disability, but their combination, with particularly prominent laughter and smiling may be specific of Angelman syndrome. Management of problematic behaviors is primarily based on behavioral approaches, though psychoactive medication (eg, neuroleptics or antidepressants) may be required.
The aminopeptidase inhibitor, z-L-CMK, is toxic and induces cell death in Jurkat T cells through oxidative stress

Abstract The leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor, benzyloxycarbonyl-leucine-chloromethylketone (z-L-CMK), was found to be toxic and readily induce cell death in Jurkat T cells. Dose-response studies show that lower concentration of z-L-CMK induced apoptosis in Jurkat T cells whereas higher concentration causes necrosis. In z-L-CMK-induced apoptosis, both the initiator caspases (-8 and -9) and effector caspases (-3 and -6) were processed to their respective subunits. However, the caspases remained intact in z-L-CMK-induced necrosis. The caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-FMK inhibited z-L-CMK-mediated apoptosis and caspase processing but has no effect on z-L-CMK-induced necrosis in Jurkat T cells. The high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) protein was found to be released into the culture medium by the necrotic cells and not the apoptotic cells. These results indicate that the necrotic cell death mediated by z-L-CMK at high concentrations is via classical necrosis rather than secondary necrosis. We also demonstrated that cell death mediated by z-L-CMK was associated with oxidative stress via the depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) and increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was blocked by N-acetyl cysteine. Taken together, the results demonstrated that z-L-CMK is toxic to Jurkat T cells and induces apoptosis at low concentrations, while at higher concentrations the cells die of necrosis. The toxic side effects in Jurkat T cells mediated by z-L-CMK are associated with oxidative stress via the depletion of GSH and accumulation of ROS.
ULPFA: A New Efficient Design of a Power-Aware Full Adder

In this paper, we first propose a new structure of a hybrid full adder, namely, the branch-based logic and pass-transistor (BBL-PT) cell, which we implemented by combining branch-based logic and pass-transistor logic. Evolution of the proposed cell from its original version to an ultralow-power (ULP) cell is described. Quantitative comparisons of the optimized version, namely, the ULP full adder (ULPFA), are carried out versus the BBL-PT full adder and its counterparts in two well-known and commonly used logic styles, i.e., conventional static CMOS logic and complementary pass logic (CPL), in a 0.13-μm PD SOI CMOS with a supply voltage of 1.2 V, demonstrating power delay product (PDP) and static power performance that are more than four times better than CPL design. This could lead to tremendous benefit for multiplier application. The implementation of an 8-bit ripple carry adder based on the ULPFA is finally described, and comparisons between adders based on full adders from the prior art and our ULPFA version demonstrate that our development outperforms the static CMOS and the CPL full adders, particularly in terms of power consumption and PDP by at least a factor of two.
Blind FIR equalisation for high-order QAM signalling

We compare some blind finite-impulse-response (FIR) equalisation schemes for high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signalling. The popular constant modulus algorithm (CMA) is used as a benchmark in an investigation of two blind FIR equalisers, namely, a bootstrap maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) equaliser and a recently introduced concurrent CMA and decision directed (DD) equaliser (CMA+DD). Both equalisers are known to outperform the CMA considerably at costs of a small increase in computational complexity. Our study indicates that the bootstrap MAP equaliser has a faster convergence rate than the concurrent CMA+DD equaliser.
Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide for Macular Edema in HLA-B27 Negative Ankylosing Spondylitis

We report a case of a human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27)-negative patient with cystoid macular edema (CME) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) after treatment with triamcinolone acetonide. The patient complained of deterioration of visual acuity of the right eye during the last 10 days. At presentation visual acuity of the right eye was 0.2, and the ophthalmic examination did not reveal any sign of active uveitis. Fluorescein angiography (FA) and ocular coherent tomography (OCT) showed CME. The left eye was normal with a visual acuity of 0.9. Eight weeks after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide, visual acuity improved to 0.8 and OCT revealed regression of macular edema. Six months later no recurrence was observed. Our case report indicates for the first time that CME may occur in AS independently of the presence of HLA-B27 and intraocular inflammation. Intravitreal use of triamcinolone acetonide can reduce macular edema and restore visual acuity.
An Adaptive and Fault Tolerant Wormhole Routing Strategy for k-Ary n-Cubes

The concept of virtual channels is extended to multiple virtual communication systems that provide adaptability and fault tolerance in addition to being deadlock-free. A channel dependency graph is taken as the definition of what connections are possible, and any routing function must use only those connections defined by it. Virtual interconnection networks allowing adaptive, deadlock-free routing are examined for three k-ary n-cube topologies: unidirectional, torus-connected bidirectional, and mesh-connected bidirectional. >
Human health risk assessment from arsenic exposure after sea bream (Sparus aurata) consumption in Aegean Region, Turkey.

The aim of the present study was to determine the amount of arsenic in the muscular tissues of wild sea breams, sea breams cultured in soil ponds and sea breams cultured in off-shore marine cage systems in the Aegean Region of Turkey. Then an estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) based risk assessment by sea bream consumption in terms of arsenic was performed for both children and adults. The arsenic concentrations in the muscular tissues of fish were detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry method after digestion by microwave wet burning. According to the results obtained, the highest average arsenic concentration was found in sea bream cultured in soil pond while the lowest was determined in off shore marine cultured sea bream. The arsenic concentrations determined in all fish groups were found out to be below 1 mg.kg wet weight which is the international legal limit. Also the EDI values determined for children and adults were lower than 0.30 μg/kg/day, the oral reference doses (RfDo) value for arsenic and THQ value was found out to be lower than the value assessed as potentially carcinogenic. Summarising, the results of this study do not underline any potential risk in term of arsenic deriving from consumption of sea bream cultured and caught in Aegean Sea.