Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
It takes longer than you think: librarian time spent on systematic review tasks

Introduction The authors examined the time that medical librarians spent on specific tasks for systematic reviews (SRs): interview process, search strategy development, search strategy translation, documentation, deliverables, search methodology writing, and instruction. We also investigated relationships among the time spent on SR tasks, years of experience, and number of completed SRs to gain a better understanding of the time spent on SR tasks from time, staffing, and project management perspectives. Methods A confidential survey and study description were sent to medical library directors who were members of the Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries as well as librarians serving members of the Association of American Medical Colleges or American Osteopathic Association. Results Of the 185 participants, 143 (77%) had worked on an SR within the last 5 years. The number of SRs conducted by participants during their careers ranged from 1 to 500, with a median of 5. The major component of time spent was on search strategy development and translation. Average aggregated time for standard tasks was 26.9 hours, with a median of 18.5 hours. Task time was unrelated to the number of SRs but was positively correlated with years of SR experience. Conclusion The time required to conduct the librarian’s discrete tasks in an SR varies substantially, and there are no standard time frames. Librarians with more SR experience spent more time on instruction and interviews; time spent on all other tasks varied widely. Librarians also can expect to spend a significant amount of their time on search strategy development, translation, and writing.
Assessment of HER 2 gene ampli fi cation in adenocarcinomas of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction in the INT-0116 / SWOG 9008 clinical trial

M. A. Gordon1, H. M. Gundacker2, J. Benedetti2, J. S. Macdonald3, J. C. Baranda4, W. J. Levin5, C. D. Blanke7, W. Elatre1, P. Weng1, J. Y. Zhou1, H. J. Lenz8 & M. F. Press1* Department of Pathology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles; SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle; Aptium Oncology, Inc., Los Angeles; University of Kansas Cancer Center, Westwood; Pfizer, Inc., San Diego; Department of Medicine, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland; Division of Medical Oncology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
Plaque Classification in Coronary Arteries from IVOCT Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Transfer Learning

Advanced atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries is one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide while being preventable and treatable. In order to image atherosclerotic lesions (plaque), intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) can be used. The technique provides high-resolution images of arterial walls which allows for early plaque detection by experts. Due to the vast amount of IVOCT images acquired in clinical routines, automatic plaque detection has been addressed. For example, attenuation profiles in single A-Scans of IVOCT images are examined to detect plaque. We address automatic plaque classification from entire IVOCT images, the cross-sectional view of the artery, using deep feature learning. In this way, we take context between A-Scans into account and we directly learn relevant features from the image source without the need for handcrafting features.
Routing Game on Parallel Networks: The Convergence of Atomic to Nonatomic

We consider an instance of a nonatomic routing game. We assume that the network is parallel, that is, constituted of only two nodes, an origin and a destination. We consider infinitesimal players that have a symmetric network cost, but are heterogeneous through their set of feasible strategies and their individual utilities. We show that if an atomic routing game instance is correctly defined to approximate the nonatomic instance, then an atomic Nash Equilibrium will approximate the nonatomic Wardrop Equilibrium. We give explicit bounds on the distance between the equilibria according to the parameters of the atomic instance. This approximation gives a method to compute the Wardrop equilibrium at an arbitrary precision.
Securing wireless software defined networks: Appraising threats, defenses & research challenges

Software defined networking (SDN) separates the network control logic from data forwarding functionality, offering real-time network programmability and granular policy management. Initial successful SDN implementations offering scalability and automated resource provisioning in wired network environments have motivated efforts to bring the paradigm to the wireless domain. Wireless software defined networking (WSDN) formulation in traditional and emerging (IoT, smart grid, vehicular) wireless environments have therefore, raised concerns about the inherent security challenges in WSDN architecture. The wireless medium poses additional security concerns and provides opportunities for attackers to target the control plane, data forwarding elements as well as individual wireless applications. The present paper reviews and classifies the key security threats facing WSDN environments. Furthermore, presently available mitigation techniques and their state-of-the-art adoption in WSDN is discussed. Finally, the paper highlights present and future research challenges that need to be addressed for successful adoption of WSDN in carrier-grade or realistic operations.
Comparison of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography and Laser Speckle Flowgraphy for the Diagnosis of Normal-Tension Glaucoma

Purpose To compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) for the diagnosis of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Methods Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients with NTG and 25 eyes of 25 normal subjects matched for age, refractive errors, systemic blood pressure, and central corneal thickness were evaluated. OCT-A was used to measure whole image vessel density, inside disc vessel density, and peripapillary vessel density; using LSFG, mean blur rate (MBR) inside the whole optic nerve head (ONH) area (MBRA), and MBR of the vessel area (MBRV) and tissue area (MBRT) inside the ONH, were determined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and areas under the ROC (AUROC) were used to assess the diagnostic ability of each variable. Results The AUROC for OCT-A whole image vessel density (0.950) was significantly greater than that for OCT-A peripapillary vessel density (0.830) and for all LSFG parameters (MBRA = 0.793, MBRV = 0.601, and MBRT = 0.61) (P < 0.001). The AUROC for OCT-A inside disc vessel density (0.931) was significantly greater than that for all LSFG parameters (P < 0.005). Conclusions OCT-A vessel density had a higher glaucoma diagnostic ability compared to all LSFG parameters in patients with NTG.
Telomere elongation during early development is independent of environmental temperatures in Atlantic salmon

ABSTRACT There is increasing evidence from endothermic vertebrates that telomeres, which cap the ends of chromosomes and play an important role in chromosome protection, decline in length during postnatal life and are a useful indicator of physiological state and expected lifespan. However, much less is currently known about telomere dynamics in ectothermic vertebrates, which are likely to differ from that of endotherms, at least in part due to the sensitivity of ectotherm physiology to environmental temperature. We report here on an experiment in which Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were reared through the embryonic and larval stages of development, and under differing temperatures, in order to examine the effects of environmental temperature during early life on telomere dynamics, oxidative DNA damage and cellular proliferation. Telomere length significantly increased between the embryonic and larval stages of development. Contrary to our expectations, variation in telomere length at the end of the larval stage was unrelated to either cell proliferation rate or the relative level of oxidative DNA damage, and did not vary between the temperature treatments. This study suggests that salmon are able to restore the length of their telomeres during early development, which may possibly help to buffer potentially harmful environmental effects experienced in early life. Summary: The authors show that, in salmon, telomeres significantly lengthen between the embryonic and larval stages of development, and that this is not influenced by environmental temperature.
Effect of Brief Mindfulness Induction on University Athletes’ Sleep Quality Following Night Training

Given the need to alleviate sleep problems confronting athletes, the present experiment, conducted as much as possible in a naturalistic fashion that mimics daily life, seeks to examine whether a brief mindfulness induction immediately prior to sleep following night training can improve athletes’ sleep. A sample of university athletes (n = 80) was recruited and 63 of them were eligible to participate in this experiment. They were then randomly assigned into experimental group (n = 32) and control group (n = 31). Following night training and just prior to sleep, those in the experimental group received a self-administered brief 6-min mindfulness induction via a video clip, whereas the control group participants viewed a similar 6-min video devoid of mindfulness induction passively. Questionnaire-based measures of training intensity, pre-sleep arousal, state mindfulness, and sleep diary (i.e., level of rest, sleep duration, and overall sleep quality) were administered. Results showed that brief mindfulness induction reduced pre-sleep arousal, and improved level of rest and overall sleep quality, but not sleep duration. Pre-sleep arousal was also found to be a partial mediator in the relationship between the brief mindfulness induction and reported level of rest during sleep. These findings suggest that the brief mindfulness induction may be an effective approach for decreasing pre-sleep arousal and improving sleep quality after night training among athletes.
Application of Genetic Algorithms in Scheduling of TDMA-WMNs

WMN (Wireless Mesh Network) is usually built on fixed stations and interconnected via wireless links to form a multi-hop network. Typical and inexpensive deployment of WMNs use some MSSs (Mesh Subscriber Station) and one MBS (Mesh Base Station), where their multi-hop feature can be utilized to increase their range of accessibility in rural areas effectively. Moreover, since they are dynamically self-organized and self-configuring, these networks turn to be more reliable.
Comparative Study on Visual Fatigue and Comfort of Different Types of Polarized Light LCD Mobile Phone Screen

Through the test of the differences of visual fatigue and comfort of 20 users using mobile phone screens of horizontally polarized models, vertically polarized models and circularly polarized models in the same indoor office environment and illumination conditions, we study whether there are significant differences of influences of mobile phone displays with different polarized light. The test task mainly adopts the visual search task, together with the flash fusion frequency, visual fatigue perception scale and comfort questionnaire before and after the test. Meanwhile, during the whole test process, the EEG of the subjects was monitored. The test result showed that, under the confidence level of 95%, there was a significant difference of the flicker fusion frequency decreasing range between the circularly polarized mobile phone display prototypes and linearly polarized light mobile phone display prototype. The decline range of flicker fusion frequency under the condition of circularly polarized light mobile phone display was lower than that of linearly polarized light mobile phone display prototype. EEG evaluation results showed that in the 95% confidence level, there was a significant difference of the attention index decreasing range between the circularly polarized mobile phone display prototypes and vertically polarized light mobile phone display prototype. The decline range of attention index under the condition of circularly polarized light mobile phone display was lower than that of vertically polarized light mobile phone display prototype. The results of the study showed that, at the 95% confidence level, there was a significant difference in the degree of visual fatigue caused by circularly polarized light mobile phone display and that caused by linearly polarized mobile phone display. The visual fatigue degree caused by the circularly polarized light mobile phone display was lower than that of linearly polarized light mobile phone screen. From the subjective comfort evaluation results, subjective comfort of the circularly polarized mobile phone display was the best, followed by the horizontally polarized mobile phone screen. The vertically polarized light mobile phone screen was the worst, but the difference between the three has not yet reached significant level.
Is Bigger Safer? Analyzing Factors Related to Data Breaches using Publicly Available Information

: Data breaches have affected hundreds of millions of people. As consumers are exposed to constant risks of data breaches, it makes sense to ask what are the factors that contribute to data breaches such that consumers can make more conscious decisions to reduce risks. For example, suppose a consumer want to open a bank account, shall she use a bigger international bank or a smaller community bank considering risks of data breaches? Existing work on risk or vulnerability analysis typically requires detail internal information of an information system, which is not available to the public. Furthermore organizations typically do not want results of such analysis of their IT systems to be made public. This paper proposes a novel approach that analyzes publicly available information to identify factors contributing to higher data breach risks. This paper also presents an initial study that correlates data breaches in the US from 2005 to 2017 with publicly available information about affected organizations. We ﬁnd that size and name recognition of these organizations are two factors contributing to higher data breach risks. This calls for further study in this direction.
Child Physical Development in the UK: The Imprint of Time and Socioeconomic Status

OBJECTIVES Social health inequalities remain a key policy challenge. The existing literature has not presented a synthetic view on the evolution of inequalities in physical development across childhood. We examine social disparities as children grow older using a range of different outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Population-based secondary data analysis. METHODS We employ longitudinal data on British children aged 9 months to 12 years from the Millennium Cohort Study (n = 13,811-18,987) and focus on multiple child physical measures: weight, body mass index (BMI), overweight, fat mass and waist circumference. RESULTS Higher family income is associated with lower BMI (for females), less body fat and a smaller likelihood of overweight (for both genders) on average throughout childhood. When income is multiplied by 3, the probability of overweight decreases by 2.8 (95% CI -0.041 to -0.016) percentage points for females and by 2.7 (95% CI -0.038 to -0.016) percentage points for males. Social inequalities in weight, BMI, overweight and body fat significantly widen as children grow older, for both genders. For instance, for females, when income is multiplied by 3, the probability of overweight decreases by 1.6 (95% CI -0.032 to -0.000) percentage points at ages 2-3 years, but by 8.6 (95% CI -0.112 to -0.060) percentage points at ages 10-12 years. CONCLUSIONS The trajectory of social inequalities, which may reflect the cumulative effect of family socioeconomic status, is a precursor of inequalities in adulthood.
WhatsApp and Wellbeing: A study on WhatsApp usage, communication quality and stress

A considerable part of everyday communication is online based nowadays. To imagine life without the daily (or even hourly) usage of WhatsApp seems impossible for many people. The present exploratory study (N=135) takes a closer look at the usage of WhatsApp and the psychological consequences. Our study highlights correlations and differences of the usage and experience of specific WhatsApp features (single chats and group chats, Last Seen and Read Receipts) with perceived communication quality and wellbeing, also drawing relations to psychological theory such as human needs framework and need to belong. A high number of single chats was positively correlated with perceived communication profundity but also with perceived stress, and waste of time. Moreover, wellbeing was affected by the individual usage mode and experience of WhatsApp features. For example, perceived stress was significantly higher among participants with active usage of Read Receipts than with passive usage and especially participants who feel stressed by Read Receipts, agreeing to be more relaxed without them, considered WhatsApp communication a waste of time. We discuss implications of our findings on the level of personal usage behaviour as well as HCI research and design in general. We highlight the challenges for the individual to customize technology to support a healthy use in daily life. Finally, the present study emphasizes the need for user experience evaluation on a fine-grained level, taking focus on single features and their consequences, and recognising how their activation or deactivation can eventually change the product character as a whole.
SenseIO: Realistic Ubiquitous Indoor Outdoor Detection System Using Smartphones

Indoor/outdoor localization, tracking, and positioning applications are developed using the Global Positioning System receivers, ultrasound, infrared, and radio frequency (Wi-Fi and cellular) signals. The key point of such upper layer applications is to detect precisely whether a user is indoor or outdoor. This detection is crucial to improve the performance drastically through making a clever decision whether it is suitable to turn ON/OFF the sensors. Due to this, an unrealistic assumption is posed by the applications that the testbed environment type (indoor or outdoor) must be pre-known. In this paper, we present a realistic and ubiquitous (SenseIO) system which provides not only binary indoor/outdoor, but also a fine-grained detection (i.e., Rural, Urban, Indoor and Complex places). Without any prior knowledge, SenseIO leverages the measurements of sensor-rich smartphones (e.g., cellular, Wi-Fi, accelerometer, proximity, light and time-clock) to infer automatically the ambient environment type. A novel SenseIO multi-model system consists of four modules: 1) single serving cell tower; 2) Wi-Fi based; 3) activity recognition; and 4) light intensity. In addition, to achieve realism and ubiquity goals, we develop a SenseIO framework which includes three scenarios (A, B, C). We implement SenseIO on android-based smartphones and test it through multi-path tracing in real I/O environments. Our experiments for each individual module and all framework scenarios show that the SenseIO provides promising detection accuracy (above 92%) and outperforms existing indoor–outdoor techniques in terms of both accuracy and fine-grained detection.
The Correlation between Changes in Biochemical Parameters and Central Macular Thickness in Patients with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

This study aimed at evaluating the correlation between changes in Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting serum lipids, and Central Macular Thickness (CMT) in patients with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR). In the current research, both eyes of 68 patients with mild or moderate NPDR, without clinically significant macular edema, were studied. Levels of fasting serum lipids, HbAlc, and CMT were measured during the first visit and at the end of the follow-up period (3 months). For statistical analysis, CMTs of each eye were studied and the correlation of changes was investigated. Additionally, the direction of changes in CMT for each eye was determined, and whether the changes in both eyes were symmetrical was investigated. Out of 68 patients, 24 were male and 44 were female. The mean CMT of all eyes was 290.05 ± 48.90 µm during the first visit and 286.80 ± 37.57 µm on the 3rd month follow-up. The mean HbAlc was 8.71 ± 1.82% at first visit to the hospital and the mean HbAlc was 8.39 ± 1.65% at the final visit. Although the changes in HbA1c and CMT during the follow-up period were statistically insignificant, the correlation of these 2 values was statistically significant (p=0.01). However, amongst l3 patients, the CMTs were asymmetrically changed in each eye during the follow-up period. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this was the first study, which indicated a significant correlation in changes of CMT and HbA1c, even amongst patients with low-grade diabetic retinopathy. Demonstration of asymmetric changes in CMT of each treatment-naive eye of the same patient, during changes in systemic conditions, was another important finding of this study.
Facilitation influences patterns of perennial species abundance and richness in a subtropical dune system

We assessed whether Guapira opposita, a common shrub in coastal sand dunes in southern Brazil, was involved in ecological succession and which factors influenced its positive effects (facilitation) on other plant species. Woody plants and bromeliad abundance and richness were higher under the canopy of G. opposita than in open areas. Facilitation was mainly determined by the height of G. opposita individuals, and was not influenced by shrub area, distance to freshwater bodies, to the sea or to forest patches. Our data evidence that facilitator species play a key role in restinga regeneration and their presence is critical to maintain ecosystem diversity.
From Cultural Probes Tasks to Gamified Virtual Energy Missions

This paper proposes a gamification design of a Cultural Probes (CP) in the context of the Smart Grid. CP is a well-known HCI technique used to inform and inspire applications design. Gamification aims to enhance the participation of users in CP tasks. Participants are children who develop tasks to provide designers with information about families' habits of energy consumption, and their knowledge and interest in energy related issues. We use a narrative that engages the player in the mission of saving people wasting energy crazily, under the influence of an evil wizard.
New Influence Maximization Algorithm Research in Big Graph

Influence maximization is a very hot research in social network. However, it is difficult to find a good algorithm to keep balance between the time complexity and computing result' accuracy. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, we propose two new algorithms. Firstly, we present a heuristic algorithm based on the greedy algorithm, which can reduce the time complexity a lot and it will have a good result, too. Then, we present another new algorithm. We use the k-means idea to solve the IM problem. We use the k-means idea to find s seed nodes. At the same time, we prove these two new algorithms.