Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Frequency-Controlled Fixed-RF Beam-Steering Array Based on Two-Wave Mixing With Cascaded Unequal Power Divider

Large-scale phased array now becomes one of the most critical components in wireless communication system. However, the high cost and complexity of the phase controlling in conventional phased array make it difficult to be widely deployed in commercial use. Alternatively, a frequency-controlled beam-steering method with fixed radiation frequency based on sequential mixing of the propagating IF and local oscillator (LO) waves has been proposed as a low-cost solution. The beam pointing direction can be changed by a single-frequency controller rather than varying any phase shifters or tunable components on the antennas. However, this technique relies on accurately splitting the input IF and LO waves to a mixer’s array through all passive power distribution networks. This communication discusses the practical design consideration of a robust two-wave mixing array and two sets of cascaded unequal power dividers are employed to efficiently distribute the IF and LO signals. To ensure constant radiation frequency, an external reciprocal mixer is used to keep the frequency difference between LO and IF being same as the desired RF. The measured result shows that the proposed signal distribution network successfully achieves the desired phase and amplitude of the converted RF signal.
Sensitivity of computer simulation experiments to errors in input data

This paper compares two methods of assessing variability in simulation output. The methods make specific allowance for two sources of variation: that caused by uncertainty in estimating unknown input parameters (parameter uncertainty), and that caused by the inclusion of random variation within the simulation model itself (simulation uncertainty). The first method is based on classical statistical differential analysis; we show explicitly that, under general conditions, the two sources contribute separately to the total variation. In the classical approach, certain sensitivity coefficients have to be estimated. The effort needed to do this becomes progressively more expensive, increasing linearly with the number of unknown parameters. Moreover there is an additional difficulty of detecting spurious variation when the number of parameters is large. It is shown that a parametric form of bootstrap sampling provides an alternative method which does not suffer from either problem. For illustration, simulation .
Inhibition effect of Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) petal extract in Hard-Candy against Streptococcus mutans

Hard candy with the addition of roselle flower petal extract is considered an innovative product to improve the functional properties and sensory acceptance of roselle hard candy. The aim of the research was to determine the best concentration of rosella petal extract in hard candy that provided maximal bacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans and acceptable sensory. The research was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments and three replications. The treatments were the ratio concentration of rosella petal extract: water in the formulation for hard candy making (P). The Anova was performed and followed by LSD test at 5%. The results showed that different concentrations of rosella petal extract and water had a significant effect on total microbes, inhibition of S. mutans, and sensory analysis of rosella petal extract hard candy. The best treatment was the formulation of P4 (rosella petal extract: water, 15: 85 mL). It produced rosella petal extract hard candy with a total microbial of 1.5 x 102 cfu/g and S.mutans inhibition of 8.43 mm, and met the SNI 3547.1:2008 requirement standards, except for the reducing sugar content. It was concluded that the hard candy with the additional ingredient of rosella petal extract could potentially help prevent the formation of dental plaque.
Is 18F-FDG PET Needed to Assess 177Lu-PSMA Therapy Eligibility? A VISION-like, Single-Center Analysis

Visual Abstract 18F-FDG and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET have been used to assess eligibility for PSMA-targeted therapy by some centers. However, it remains unclear whether both examinations are needed as a part of workup in the clinical practice or whether PSMA PET alone, as was done in the positive phase 3 VISION trial, is sufficient to identify suitable candidates. The aim was to reanalyze all patients who underwent both 18F-FDG and PSMA PET for PSMA-targeted therapy eligibility assessment using the VISION trial criteria. Methods: Eighty-nine men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer referred to 177Lu-PSMA therapy from June 2019 to October 2021 who underwent both 18F-FDG and PSMA PET (using either 68Ga-PSMA-11 or 18F-PSMA-1007) examinations within 2 wk were included in this analysis. Eligibility status was determined in accordance with either knowledge of both 18F-FDG and PSMA PET (clinical routine) or VISION criteria with PSMA PET–only (study reassessment, done twice with liver only for PSMA-11 and liver/spleen as reference for PSMA-1007). A metastasis seen on 18F-FDG PET or CT but not on PSMA PET was denoted as a mismatch finding and led to exclusion from 177Lu-PSMA therapy. On the basis of clinical assessment, 52 patients received 177Lu-PSMA therapy, and 37 did not; all patients were reassessed. Results: Patients treated with 177Lu-PSMA therapy had significantly longer overall survival than those not treated (12.4 vs. 6.8 mo, P < 0.01). PSMA-only analysis (spleen/liver reference) and 18F-FDG/PSMA mismatch reads had substantial agreement (Cohen κ = 0.73). Eighteen percent (n = 16/89) of patients had a mismatch finding based on 18F-FDG/PSMA PET. With the liver/spleen reference, a minor fraction of patients who had no mismatch finding (and were therefore treated) would have been withheld from therapy by PSMA-only analysis (3%). Three percent (n = 3) of all patients had an 18F-FDG/PSMA mismatch finding not detected by PSMA PET–only (VISION-like) analysis. For patients not receiving PSMA therapy, the overall survival was not statistically significantly different comparing 18F-FDG/PSMA mismatch versus nonmismatch (P = 0.61) patients. Conclusion: 18F-FDG and PSMA PET provide complementary information, yet less than 5% of patients had mismatch findings not detected using PSMA PET–only. Based on our data, 18F-FDG/PSMA mismatch examination and PSMA-only analysis have a substantial level of agreement.
Experimental Investigations into Using Motion Capture State Feedback for Real-Time Control of a Humanoid Robot

Regardless of recent advances, humanoid robots still face significant difficulties in performing locomotion tasks. Among the key challenges that must be addressed to achieve robust bipedal locomotion are dynamically consistent motion planning, feedback control, and state estimation of such complex systems. In this paper, we investigate the use of an external motion capture system to provide state feedback to an online whole-body controller. We present experimental results with the humanoid robot RH5 performing two different whole-body motions: squatting with both feet in contact with the ground and balancing on one leg. We compare the execution of these motions using state feedback from (i) an external motion tracking system and (ii) an internal state estimator based on inertial measurement unit (IMU), forward kinematics, and contact sensing. It is shown that state-of-the-art motion capture systems can be successfully used in the high-frequency feedback control loop of humanoid robots, providing an alternative in cases where state estimation is not reliable.
Residents manage dynamic plant communities: Change over time in urban vegetation

Introduction Integrated social and ecological processes shape urban plant communities, but the temporal dynamics and potential for change in these managed communities have rarely been explored. In residential yards, which cover about 40% of urban land area, individuals make decisions that control vegetation outcomes. These decisions may lead to relatively static plant composition and structure, as residents seek to expend little effort to maintain stable landscapes. Alternatively, residents may actively modify plant communities to meet their preferences or address perceived problems, or they may passively allow them to change. In this research, we ask, how and to what extent does residential yard vegetation change over time? Methods We conducted co-located ecological surveys of yards (in 2008, 2018, and 2019) and social surveys of residents (in 2018) in four diverse neighborhoods of Phoenix, Arizona. Results 94% of residents had made some changes to their front or back yards since moving in. On average, about 60% of woody vegetation per yard changed between 2008 and 2018, though the number of species present did not differ significantly. In comparison, about 30% of woody vegetation changed in native Sonoran Desert reference areas over 10 years. In yards, about 15% of woody vegetation changed on average in a single year, with up to 90% change in some yards. Greater turnover was observed for homes that were sold, indicating a “pulse” of management. Additionally, we observed greater vegetation turnover in the two older, lawn-dominated neighborhoods surveyed despite differences in neighborhood socioeconomic factors. Discussion These results indicate that residential plant communities are dynamic over time. Neighborhood age and other characteristics may be important drivers of change, while socioeconomic status neither promotes nor inhibits change at the neighborhood scale. Our findings highlight an opportunity for management interventions, wherein residents may be open to making conservation-friendly changes if they are already altering the composition of their yards.
A 70W High Efficiency Power Amplifier for Base Station Applications

High Efficiency power amplifier for cellular base station is in high demand as 5G infrastructure will include more cells in order to cover denser areas of transport. High Efficiency power amplifiers are demanded, as they serve a key bottle neck in each cell. high efficiency power amplifier is introduced with peak power of 70W in a range of 2Ghz-3.6Ghz bandwidth with 50-62% efficiency. The design makes harmonic engineering till the 3rd harmonic at the output and at the input of the power amplifier, in order to reach the highest efficiency. The amplifier is tested with a 40Mhz LTE signal with DPD implementation.
A Multimethod Examination of Stress and Support among Sexual Minority Couples

Little is known about how sexual minority couples cope with experiences of discrimination related to sexual orientation, and whether such processes are different from the management of general life stressors. Using self-report and observational methods, we investigated differences in couple support processes by stressor type. A sample of 84 sexual minority couples (M age = 25.4 years, SD = 4.0) completed self-report measures and two video-recorded discussions (one sexual orientation-related discrimination stressor and one general life stressor not related to sexual orientation) that were coded for observed dyadic coping and social support behavior. In self-report models, more frequent stressors experienced by either partner, regardless of type, were related to more negative dyadic coping behavior and more positive partner social support provision. Discrimination stressors were uniquely related to less positive evaluations of dyadic coping behavior, but this result did not hold when accounting for covariates and could have been confounded by age. In observed models, we found no differences in positive dyadic coping or positive social support behavior across stressor discussions, but we found significantly less negative dyadic coping behavior during discrimination stressor discussions. Future work should examine how adaptive support processes may influence relationship functioning.
Time-dependent electrical transport in amorphous solids: As 2 Se 3

An extensive experimental and theoretical study of transient hole transport in evaporated $a\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$ unambiguously establishes that the microscopic transport mechanism is characterized by a broad distribution of individual event times. This feature leads to (i) a sample thickness and field-dependent drift mobility, (ii) an essentially featureless shape of the transient current, and (iii) a correlation between these observables. Several underlying mechanisms of transport compatible with a broad distribution of event times are detailed and critically compared with the experimental information. It is demonstrated that the interpretation of the entire field, thickness and temperature dependence of the transit time, and shape of the current pulse in terms of the widely proposed trap-controlled extended state transport (multiple-trap mechanism) leads to a number of conceptual difficulties. It is suggested that transient transport in $a\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}{\mathrm{Se}}_{3}$ be interpreted in terms of a model in which the carriers hop through localized states and possibly interact with a discrete trap level (trapcontrolled hopping). Hence, different from the multiple-trap mechanism, in the latter model dispersion is that which is already present in the microscopic transport rate itself.
Employment of the second‐moment turbulence closure on arbitrary unstructured grids

The paper presents a finite‐volume calculation procedure using a second‐moment turbulence closure. The proposed method is based on a collocated variable arrangement and especially adopted for unstructured grids consisting of ‘polyhedral’ calculation volumes. An inclusion of 23k in the pressure is analysed and the impact of such an approach on the employment of the constant static pressure boundary is addressed. It is shown that this approach allows a removal of a standard but cumbersome velocity–pressure –Reynolds stress coupling procedure known as an extension of Rhie‐Chow method (AIAA J. 1983; 21: 1525–1532) for the Reynolds stresses. A novel wall treatment for the Reynolds‐stress equations and ‘polyhedral’ calculation volumes is presented. Important issues related to treatments of diffusion terms in momentum and Reynolds‐stress equations are also discussed and a new approach is proposed. Special interpolation practices implemented in a deferred‐correction fashion and related to all equations, are explained in detail. Computational results are compared with available experimental data for four very different applications: the flow in a two‐dimensional 180o turned U‐bend, the vortex shedding flow around a square cylinder, the flow around Ahmed Body and in‐cylinder engine flow. Additionally, the performance of the methodology is assessed by applying it to different computational grids. For all test cases, predictions with the second‐moment closure are compared to those of the k–εmodel. The second‐moment turbulence closure always achieves closer agreement with the measurements. A moderate increase in computing time is required for the calculations with the second‐moment closure. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sistem Monitoring Berkas Pengurusan Akta Jual Beli Di Kecamatan Cipayung Kota Depok Berbasis Website

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu membuat sebuah sistem monitoring tracking berkas akta jual beli (AJB) agar terwujudnya efisiensi terhadap pengurusan setiap berkas AJB dan mengurangi resiko tumpang tindih data. Saat ini pengelolaan data terhadap setiap berkas AJB di Kecamatan Cipayung masih belum efisien, belum adanya dokumentasi atau monitoring sudah sampai tahap apa pengurusan berkas saat ini karena beberapa faktor dapat menyebabkan keterlambatan setiap pengurusan berkas AJB. Metode yang digunakan untuk pencarian data setiap pengurusan berkas AJB adalah metode Sequential Searching yang didasarkan pada konsep pencarian data secara urut dari depan ke belakang atau dari awal sampai akhir berdasarkan key yang dicari dalam array 1 dimensi. Adapun kriteria yang digunakan pada pencarian metode Sequential Searching yaitu no. referensi pada saat pendaftaran awal dan no. akta untuk arsip lama berdasarkan urutan dan tahun yang akan menjadi key. Analisis pembuatan aplikasi menggunakan pendekatan objek dengan tools UML (Unified Modeling Language). Dari hasil pengujian yang sudah dilakukan secara fungsional aplikasi sudah berjalan sesuai dengan analisis kebutuhan yang dilakukan, aplikasi juga sudah memberikan informasi untuk masyarakat mengenai sudah sampai tahap apa perkembangan dalam pengurusan berkas AJB dan untuk petugas lebih dipermudah dengan pencarian arsip secara online untuk memvalidasi setiap berkas.
Permutation Predictor Tests in Linear Regression

To determine whether each coefficient is equal to zero or not, usual t-tests are a popular choice (among others) in linear regression to practitioners because all statistical packages provide the statistics and their corresponding p-values. Under smaller samples (especially with non-normal errors) the tests often fail to correctly detect statistical significance. We propose a permutation approach by adopting a sufficient dimension reduction methodology to overcome this deficit. Numerical studies confirm that the proposed method has potential advantages over the t-tests. In addition, data analysis is also presented.
Consequences of interfacial Fe-O bonding and disorder in epitaxial Fe/MgO/Fe(001) magnetic tunnel junctions

We report on a thorough experimental investigation of the influence of an FeO layer at the Fe/MgO interface on the magnetotransport properties in epitaxial Fe/MgO/Fe(001) magnetic tunnel junctions. Interfacial oxygen is introduced by adsorbing ${\text{O}}_{2}$ on the bottom Fe(001) layer. The morphology and composition of the FeO film are investigated by means of scanning tunneling microscopy, reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and x-ray photoelectrons spectroscopy. We show that the amount of interfacial oxygen can be precisely tuned and that either ordered or disordered FeO layers can be grown. Both Fe-O bonding and interfacial disorder strongly alter the conductances of junctions. However, the tunnel magnetoresistance remains large $(g85%)$ even for large oxygen exposure. Interfacial Fe-O bonds are found to lower the parallel conductance in agreement with theoretical predictions.
Using printing and molding techniques to produce distributed feedback and Bragg reflector resonators for plastic lasers

We describe the use of low cost printing and molding techniques to fabricate distributed feedback and Bragg reflector resonators for photoexcited plastic lasers that have narrow emission profiles in the visible range. The good performance of the lasers demonstrates the suitability of these techniques for fabricating certain types of functional optoelectronic devices that require submicron features patterned over macroscopic areas.
Collective focusing of an intense pulsed ion beam

Under the assumptions of quasineutrality and small perturbation to the applied solenoidal magnetic field, collective focusing of a neutralized, intense pulsed ion beam injected into a solenoidal magnetic field region is demonstrated. The focal point was observed to occur within the solenoidal magnetic field and was at a location in between the single‐particle electron and ion focal points. The focused beam current density was an order of magnitude above the 20 A/cm2 of the incident beam. The experimental results were found to be in good agreement with a theoretical model developed under the above assumptions. The presence of background plasma or a conducting liner was observed to remove the collective focusing, confirming the physical picture of the theoretical model.
Does Using Planning Policy to Restrict Fast Food Outlets Reduce Inequalities in Childhood Overweight and Obesity?

IZA DP No. 15795 DECEMBER 2022 Does Using Planning Policy to Restrict Fast Food Outlets Reduce Inequalities in Childhood Overweight and Obesity? Half of local governments in England use planning policy to promote a healthier environment. In 2015, Gateshead Council in the North-East of England was the first local authority to ban planning permission for any new fast-food outlet. We explore if this policy is associated with changes in inequalities in childhood overweight and obesity at age 10/11 by area level deprivation. Data on childhood overweight and obesity came from the National Child Measurement Programme for 2011-2020. Data on food outlets were obtained from Food Standard Agency Food Hygiene Rating Scheme for 2012-2020. Data on area level deprivation is from the Office of National Statistics. We employed a differencein-difference approach, to compare changes in childhood overweight and obesity rates between Gateshead and five other local authorities in the North-East of England which did not use planning policy to restrict fast-food outlets. The analysis was at the Middle Super Output Area Level (MSOA). Our results showed the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the second and third most deprived quintiles of MSOAs reduced by 4.798% and 4.106%, respectively, compared with the control groups. We did not find statistically significant changes in other deprivation quintiles when comparing the control and treatment groups. Using planning policy to limit new fast-food outlets may have played a small part in reducing health inequalities in childhood weight in Gateshead when comparing with other local authorities in the North-East of England. Planning in conjunction with other policies may be a cost-effective approach to tackling inequalities in childhood weight. JEL Classification: I18, J13, I14
Elastography: imaging of tissue elastic properties in vivo

We have constructed an apparatus for practising elastography in the breast in-vivo. It allows a direct comparison between sonograms and elastograms of a given anatomical site. We will demonstrate that (1) elastograms convey new information, and thus the elastographic appearance of breast tumors is different than their sonographic appearance, and (2) that it is possible to elastographically visualize known breast cancers which are poorly visualized or not visualized at all in sonograms. Due to the sensitivity and low noise in elastography, other potential applications include the visualization of normal, low-contrast tissues such as the internal structures of the kidney and the prostate. Finally, we will discuss some of the theoretical tradeoffs among signal-to-noise ratio, sensitivity, dynamic range and resolution in elastography.