Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A CRITICAL REVIEW

Several complex links are postulated to exist between self-reflection, self-talk, and mentalizing. We explore some of these connections by selectively reviewing the pertinent literature. Although some have proposed that thinking about others' mental states (Theory-of-Mind; ToM) gradually leads to reflecting on one's own mental activity (selfawareness; SA), it appears more plausible that either SA brings about ToM or that both concurrently emerge in development, possibly mediated by language, early social interactions, and/or inner speech (IS). Early studies attempting to locate SA in the brain used self-recognition as an operationalization of the former (thus equating the two) and prematurely concluded that SA reliably activates right hemispheric sites. More recent brain-imaging experiments, which embrace a more encompassing definition of SA, rather show a consistent recruitment of areas located in both hemispheres with a bias toward left sided areas. A growing number of studies looking at cognitive and behavioral deficits in children and adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) suggest that SA, ToM, and IS are lacking in these individuals. In addition, preliminary work examining typical and ASD individuals seems to indicate that IS is recruited when people reflect on their own and others' thoughts, emotions and intentions, and that IS suppression leads to poor performance on ToM tasks. Numerous methodological limitations are highlighted, notably those pertaining to variable ToM and IS measurement across studies. We consider these limitations and point toward future research avenues, for example, assessing SA, ToM, and IS performance in a nonverbal ASD population. Given the contradictory nature of the evidence reviewed, we conclude that causal claims about SA, IS, and ToM deficits in ASD are premature and posit potential intervention strategies mediating their complex relationships.  E-mail: amorin@mtroyal.ca, Phone: 403-440-7069. *Eaman El-Sayed and Famira Racy have Equal contribution. The exclusive license for this PDF is limited to personal website use only. No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted commercially in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. Alain Morin, Eaman El-Sayed and Famira Racy 44
A critical review

This review critiques the use of Lev Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development (ZPD) in quantitative research that focuses on the role communication plays in learning. A study that makes claims in terms of the ZPD should include a pretest, a problem-solving activity, and a posttest. Without these minimal elements, researchers are not working specifically with the ZPD. This review explores research on the ZPD and evaluates how closely each study approximates the necessary elements. It was found that only 3 of the 15 studies analyzed include all of the elements necessary to make claims in relation to the ZPD. This review does not aim to nullify some studies and applaud others; rather, it aims to highlight work that uses the ZPD as . a means of interpreting experimental results. What some researchers do not realize is that Vygotsky had some very specific guidelines in mind when he introduced the idea of ZPD. Contains 24 references. (Author/TB) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** The use of Vygotsky's theory of the zone of proximal development in quantitative research: A critical review Pamela A. Hayward Department of Speech Communication University of Illinois 244 Lincoln Hall 702 S. Wright St. Urbana, Illinois 61801 (217) 398-0731 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 'This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy.
Application of stacking and inversion techniques to three-dimensional wide-angle reflection and refraction seismic data of the Eastern Alps

SUMMARY We present new methods for the interpretation of 3-D seismic wide-angle reflection and refraction data with application to data acquired during the experiments CELEBRATION, 2000 and ALP 2002 in the area of the Eastern Alps and their transition to the surrounding tectonic provinces (Bohemian Massif, Carpathians, Pannonian domain, Dinarides). Data was acquired on a net of arbitrarily oriented seismic lines by simultaneous recording on all lines of seismic waves from the shots, which allows 2-D and 3-D interpretations. Much (80%) of the data set consists of crossline traces. Low signal to noise (S/N) ratio in the area of the young orogens decreases the quality of travel time picks. In these seismically heterogeneous areas it is difficult to assign clearly defined arrivals to the seismic phases, in particular on crossline record sections. In order to enhance the S/N ratio, signal detection and stacking techniques have been applied to enhance the Pg-, Pn- and PmP phases. Further, inversion methods have been developed for the interpretation of WAR/R-data, based on automated 1-D inversion (Pg) and the application of the delay time concept (Pn). The results include a 3-D velocity model of the crust based on Pg waves, time and depth maps of the Moho and a Pn-velocity map. The models based on stacked data are robust and provide a larger coverage, than models based on travel time picks from single-fold (unstacked) traces, but have relatively low resolution, especially near the surface. They were used as the basis for constructing models with improved resolution by the inversion of picks from single-fold data. The results correlate well with geological structures and show new prominent features in the Eastern Alps area and their surrounds. The velocity distribution in the crust has strong lateral variations and the Moho in the investigation area appears to be fragmented into three parts.
Bt Maize Reaps Savings to Non-Bt Maize Growers Areawide Suppression of European Corn Borer with

clicking here colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others . here following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles (this information is current as of October 7, 2010 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at www.sciencemag. org http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/330/6001/222 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/330/6001/222/DC1 can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/330/6001/222#otherarticles , 5 of which can be accessed for free: cites 21 articles This article http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/content/full/330/6001/222#otherarticles 1 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/botany Botany : subject collections This article appears in the following
Reactive Power Aggregator for Active Distribution Networks with Unidirectional IoT-based Communications

The present study addresses the technical opportunity of supplying reactive power from a coordinated group of inverter-based renewable resources (IBRs) integrated into an active distribution network (ADN), using a centralized control algorithm with unidirectional communication. The key feature of the proposed control is its simplicity, in terms of the control and the required communication infrastructure. A linear formulation allows for demonstrating stability in the sense of Lyapunov. An IoT platform was designed to evaluate the performance of the proposed control under a realistic situation, considering variations in renewable power generation and communication delays.
Optimal Design of Magnetic Cores for the Circular Coil in Wireless Power Transfer System

The radial bar-shaped magnetic core is often used in the circular coil of wireless power transmission system, but there is a problem that the bar-shaped magnetic cores cannot be placed in the radius of the coil, so this paper puts forward a design method of bar-shaped magnetic cores layout to solve this problem. By deriving the efficiency formula of the SS type wireless power transfer system and the magnetic circuit model of the coupling mechanism, a theoretical basis for the design of the magnetic core is provided. Based on the simulation of the number of magnetic cores and the coverage area, it is concluded that it is the best when the number of magnetic cores is more than 12 and the total coverage area is more than 2/3 of the ring areas. The conditions of the inner and outer radius of the coil which cannot be placed by the magnetic cores are found by the derivation of the mathematical formula and the solution is given. Finally, it is proved that the proposed layout method can solve the problem of bar-shaped magnetic cores placement without affecting the coupling coefficient and anti-offset ability.
A feasibility study of goal-directed network-based real-time fMRI neurofeedback for anhedonic depression

Anhedonia is a hallmark symptom of depression that often lacks adequate interventions. The translational gap remains in clinical treatments based on neural substrates of anhedonia. Our pilot study found that depressed individuals depended less on goal-directed (GD) reward learning (RL), with reduced reward prediction error (RPE) BOLD signal. Previous studies have found that anhedonia is related to abnormal activities and/or functional connectivities of the central executive network (CEN) and salience network (SN), both of which belong to the goal-directed system. In addition, it was found that real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rt-fMRI) neurofeedback (NF) could improve the balance between CEN and SN in healthy individuals. Therefore, we speculate that rt-fMRI NF of the CEN and SN associated with the GD system may improve depressive and/or anhedonic symptoms. Therefore, this study (1) will examine individuals with anhedonic depression using GD-RL behavioral task, combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging and computational modeling to explore the role of CEN/SN deficits in anhedonic depression; and (2) will utilize network-based rt-fMRI NF to investigate whether it is feasible to regulate the differential signals of brain CEN/SN of GD system through rt-fMRI NF to alleviate depressive and/or anhedonic symptoms. This study highlights the need to elucidate the intervention effects of rt-fMRI NF and the underlying computational network neural mechanisms.
Correlation of soil and mangrove diversity in selected sites of Alabel and Maasim, Sarangani Province, Philippines

The diversity attributes of each sampling plots in Sarangani Province indicates the mangrove's ecosystem condition. This study aims to determine the soil particle size and correlate it with the biodiversity attributes in two sampling sites of Sarangani Province, Philippines. Sampling plots (10 m x 10 m) were established into coastal, middleward and landward. Different mangrove species were identified, counted and the data were used to compute the biodiversity attributes. Mangrove's biodiversity indices were determined using species richness, abundance, dominance, evenness and Shannon's diversity. Soil samples were collected at each sampling site and the particle size analyzed. The data on soil particle size and Shannon's diversity were correlated to establish biotic and abiotic relationships. The results show that twelve mangrove species were identified having Sonneratia alba as the most abundant species. The sampling site in Alabel has higher diversity attributes compared to Maasim. Gravel has the most abundant soil particle type in the two sites. The observed mangrove species in relation to soil particle size was also known. Using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) the correlation of soil types to Shannon diversity was analyzed. The results show that there is a positive and negative correlation to each soil type and sampling sites.
Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Dogs , Republic of Korea Appendix Methods

A total of 200 μL of serum was used for RNA extraction using the Gene-spin Viral DNA/RNA Extraction Kit (iNtRON Biotechnology, https://intronbio.com). Reverse transcription (RT), first PCR, and nested PCR were conducted to amplify S, M, and L segments of the SFTS viral RNA gene using a 1-step RT-PCR premix kit (Solgent, http://www.solgent.com/) with SFTSV genome–specific primer sets for PCR (Appendix Table). To identify the sequences for the SFTSV-positive samples, TA cloning with pGEM-T Easy Vectors (Promega, https://www.promega.com/) and sequencing using an automatic sequencer (3730xl capillary DNA Analyzer; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) were performed. The S segments (KY968712–KY9689714), M segments (KY968715– KY9689717), and L segments (KY968718 and KY9689719) of SFTSV were successfully sequenced and submitted to GenBank.
Design of an MPU9250-Based Attitude Data Measurement System

Attitude solving plays a crucial role in various fields, as it enables accurate determination of an object's orientation and helps optimize system performance. By providing precise attitude information, the MPU9250 nine-axis sensor contributes to the design of balance bikes, aerial mice, and other applications. The project utilizes the STM32F767 microcontroller to interface with the MPU9250 sensor, enabling the acquisition of raw data. The Digital Motion Processor (DMP) and Motion Process Library (MPL) library are employed to perform attitude solving, allowing for real-time estimation of the object's Euler angles. The results from the proposed method demonstrate accuracy, providing a reliable and cost-effective solution for precise attitude resolution. This research enhances operational efficiency, optimizes system performance, and reduces computational complexity. Future efforts will focus on mitigating errors arising from environmental factors.
Modified 3D U-Net For Brain Tumor Segmentation

Since the brain serves as the central command and control center for the human body, brain cancer is one of the most lethal tumors. The automatic segmentation of brain tumors from multimodal images is critical in diagnosis and therapy. The difficulty in identifying the location and position of the cancer due to the different image intensity ranges is one of the challenges in segmenting brain tumors. On the other hand, the previous research architecture U-Net has limitations in terms of gathering multiscale information and delineating complicated tumor borders precisely is hard to obtain. As a result, in this study, we use Modified U-Net with add several key enhancements to improve segmentation accuracy and capture fine-grained details. In this study, we use BRATS2020, and add more augmentations to improve our model. As a consequence, our model achieved 79whole tumor, 80% tumor core, and 82% in enhanced tumor using dice score
Venous Thromboembolism: Mechanisms, Treatment and Public Awareness

In 2005, the US Senate declared March as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) awareness month in the United States to increase the American public’s understanding of deep vein thrombosis.1 This was triggered by the death of 39-yr-old David Bloom, a National Broadcasting Company (NBC) reporter who died on April 6, 2003 from a massive pulmonary embolism (PE), and the activities of his widow, Melanie Bloom.2 Two days before his death David Bloom had developed cramping leg pain that was not recognized as a DVT2—leg DVT was only found postmortem. He had several risk factors for DVT and PE (collectively called venous thromboembolism [VTE)]): (1) prolonged immobility (working and sleeping in a cramped position in a tank in the war in Iraq); (2) long distance flights between the US and Kuwait, (3) dehydration, and (4) postmortem the discovery that he was heterozygous for the prothrombotic variant of factor V called factor V Leiden.2 Melanie Bloom made it a mission to make the American public aware of the symptoms of DVT. This March edition of Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology contains 8 articles focused on VTE, to highlight the efforts that are being devoted to understanding this disease. Although the exact incidence of VTE is not clear and a variety of different incidence numbers are used in medical and lay publications—VTE incidences in the United States per year between 300 000 to more than 2 million are quoted by different sources3,4—it is clear that the problem is substantial. Modeling suggests that more than 900 000 episodes of VTE occur in the United States annually and nearly 300 000 deaths per year.5 Clearly, there is a need for the various medial and public health communities to use more consistent presentations of incidence data when communicating with the public and health policy makers to avoid confusion. An effort should be undertaken in the near future to come to a consensus on what data to use. In the first article, Dr Heit discusses the epidemiology and risk factors of VTE. It is striking that the initial clinical presentation of PE in 25% of patients is sudden death. Noteworthy is that the incidence of VTE increases dramatically over 45 yr of age. In light of the increase in life expectancy in the US population, one can predict that the burden From the Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill. Correspondence to Stephan Moll, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7035. E-mail Smoll@med.unc. edu (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:367-369) © 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.
"CITIZEN IDENTIFICATION IN CONTEXT OF ELECTRONIC GOVERNANCE – THE CASE OF MOZAMBIQUE"

An efficient citizen identification system is fundamental in the context of the digital economy, both for the citizen and for the state as a public service provider and promoter of social justice, as there will be no justice without a correct identification of the actors, with the risk of penalizing the innocent and glorifying the ceremonious (Hoover, 1972). The Mozambican Citizen Identification System (CIDS), based on the Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) potentials, is being improved, therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe the current situation, its problems and forward some ideas to overcome the current problems, based on the Working Systems Theory (WST) (Alter, 2008). Therefore, at the end of the article, recommendations are presented focused on the rationalization of the identification system, aiming at proposing a Conceptual Model that maximizes the ICT potentials, interoperable and working system.
Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Química de São Carlos

Molecular chaperones play a role in protein folding, complex assembly, prevention/recover of proteins from aggregates and targeting misfolded proteins to depuration. Hsp90 molecular chaperones work stabilizing proteins related to signaling pathways, cell growth, transcription and translation processes, genome stability, among others, and are essential to cell viability. In protozoa of the genus Leishmania , Hsp90s are indispensable for cell developing, adaptation and transformation. These factors make Hsp90s potential targets for pathologies treatment, such as leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease. Hsp90s are flexible homodimers and each protomer is divided into three domains named N, M and C. Hsp90s have a conformational cycle associated to its functional cycle and low ATPase activity, which is directed and regulated by auxiliary proteins, so-called cochaperones. Aha1 co-chaperone stimulates Hsp90 ATPase activity, participating on protein kinase and hormone receptors maturation. This work aimed to characterize the structure of the Aha1 from L. braziliensis (LbAha1) and its mechanism of interaction with the Hsp90 from the same organism (LbHsp90). LbAha1 is formed by two domains, LbAha1N and LbAha1C, connected to each other by a flexible linker. In vivo experiments identified LbAha1 and LbHsp90 as cognate proteins. Recombinant LbAha1 and its domains construct (LbAha1N and LbAha1C) were obtained pure and folded. LbAha1 is divided into two domains with dissimilar stabilities and they do not interact to each other. In spite of this they fold independently and influence each other reciprocally. LbAha1 behaves as an elongated monomer in solution and has a remarkable flexibility, with sufficient dimension to interact to LbHsp90 N and M domains. The analysis of the LbAha1-LbHsp90 interaction revealed that the association between these two proteins is enthalpically driven, occurring through electrostatic interactions in a stoichiometry of
Seasonal dynamics in leaf area index in three typical temperate montane forests of China:a comparison of multi-observation methods

Aims Leaf area index(LAI)is one of the most frequently used parameters for analysis of canopy structure and forest productivity.It can be determined by direct or indirect methods.Sources of errors in indirect LAI measure-ments with optical instruments include non-photosynthetic components,element clumping,and a topography ef-fect.Our objective was to find an appropriate method for evaluating LAI and its seasonal dynamics in typical temperate montane forest.Methods We examined the applicability of three indirect methods(LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer,CI-110 plant canopy analyzer and digital hemispherical photograph(DHP))and one direct method(litterfall)to determine the seasonal dynamics of LAI in three typical temperate forests in Dongling Mountain of Beijing.The forests in-cluded a secondary deciduous broad-leaved forest dominated by Quercus mongolica and two plantations(Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii and Pinus tabuliformis). These represent deciduous broad-leaved forest,de-ciduous needle-leaved forest and evergreen needle-leaved forest,respectively.The optically-based effective leaf area index(LAIe)values were corrected to eliminate wood elements and clumping effects and then compared with the direct measurement of LAI based on litter collection.Important findings For all the three forests,the LAI seasonal dynamic shows a uni-modal pattern with a peak in July.Optically-based LAIe underestimated the amplitude of the seasonal dynamics.Wood element elimination can strengthen the seasonal sensitivity of LAI,especially in the seasonally distinct deciduous forest.The order of LAIe measured by the three optically-based methods in three stands is LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzerDHP CI-110 plant canopy analyzer.There was good correspondence with the direct measurement LAI for the corrected LAI of LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer and DHP.The correction method based on gap-size distribution was ap-propriate for the LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer and the method based on both gap fraction and gap-size distri-bution for DHP.Considering economics and practical convenience,we recommend DHP for LAI evaluation in these temperate montane forests.