Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Online Detection of P300 related Target Recognition Processes During a Demanding Teleoperation Task - Classifier Transfer for the Detection of Missed Targets

The detection of event related potentials and their usage for innovative tasks became a mature research topic in the last couple of years for brain computer interfaces. However, the typical experimental setups are usually highly controlled and designed to actively evoke specific brain activity like the P300 event related potential. In this paper, we show that the detection and passive usage of the P300 related brain activity is possible in highly uncontrolled and noisy application scenarios where the subjects are performing demanding senso-motor task, i.e., telemanipulation of a real robotic arm. In the application scenario, the subject wears an exoskeleton to control a robotic arm, which is presented to him in a virtual scenario. While performing the telemanipulation task he has to respond to important messages. By online analysis of the subject’s electroencephalogram we detect P300 related target recognition processes to infer on upcoming response behavior or missing of response behavior in case a target was not recognized. We show that a classifier that is trained to distinguish between brain activity evoked by recognized task relevant stimuli and ignored frequent task irrelevant stimuli can be applied to classify between brain activity evoked by recognized task relevant stimuli and brain activity that is evoked in case that task relevant stimuli are not recognized.
Differential Mechanisms of Retinoid Transfer from Cellular Retinol Binding Proteins Types I and II to Phospholipid Membranes*

Cellular retinol-binding proteins types I and II (CRBP-I and CRBP-II) are known to differentially facilitate retinoid metabolism by several membrane-associated enzymes. The mechanism of ligand transfer to phospholipid small unilamellar vesicles was compared in order to determine whether differences in ligand trafficking properties could underlie these functional differences. Unidirectional transfer of retinol from the CRBPs to membranes was monitored by following the increase in intrinsic protein fluorescence that occurs upon ligand dissociation. The results showed that ligand transfer of retinol from CRBP-I was >5-fold faster than transfer from CRBP-II. For both proteins, transfer of the other naturally occurring retinoid, retinaldehyde, was 4–5-fold faster than transfer of retinol. Rates of ligand transfer from CRBP-I to small unilamellar vesicles increased with increasing concentration of acceptor membrane and with the incorporation of the anionic lipids cardiolipin or phosphatidylserine into membranes. In contrast, transfer from CRBP-II was unaffected by either membrane concentration or composition. Preincubation of anionic vesicles with CRBP-I was able to prevent cytochrome c, a peripheral membrane protein, from binding, whereas CRBP-II was ineffective. In addition, monolayer exclusion experiments demonstrated differences in the rate and magnitude of the CRBP interactions with phospholipid membranes. These results suggest that the mechanisms of ligand transfer from CRBP-I and CRBP-II to membranes are markedly different as follows: transfer from CRBP-I may involve and require effective collisional interactions with membranes, whereas a diffusional process primarily mediates transfer from CRBP-II. These differences may help account for their distinct functional roles in the modulation of intracellular retinoid metabolism.
Prolongation of small bowel allografts after intrathymic injection of donor alloantigen and ALS.

The increasing success of clinical small bowel transplantation in recent years has been due largely to improved nonspecific immunosuppression of the recipient, which carries significant morbidity. The induction of donor-specific tolerance would eliminate the risk of long-term immunosuppression while ensuring graft function and survival. We have demonstrated that the intrathymic injection of donor splenocytes with the simultaneous intraperitoneal administration of rabbit anti-rat lymphocyte serum results in indefinite donor-specific cardiac allograft survival in > 85% of recipients. In this study, we further examined the effect of this tolerance induction protocol on the more immunogenic small bowel allograft. Male Buffalo (RT1b) rats were exposed to donor alloantigen by an intrathymic injection of 25 x 10(6) MHC mismatched unfractionated Lewis (RT1(1)) splenocytes. The Buffalo recipients were given 1 ml of rabbit anti-rat lymphocyte serum intra-peritoneally at the time of the donor antigen injection and 21 days later underwent a heterotopic 15-cm Lewis small bowel transplant. Pretransplant intrathymic Lewis alloantigen and anti-rat lymphocyte serum treatment prolonged Lewis small bowel survival by approximately 2.5 times (mean survival time = 18.0 vs 7.0 days for controls, P < 0.05). These small bowel allografts demonstrated pericryptic T cell infiltrates, areas of cryptic necrosis, and a dense submucosal lymphocytic infiltrate, all consistent with acute resection. In contrast to our studies achieving donor-specific cardiac allograft survival, this protocol did not result in indefinite intestinal allograft survival. No Buffalo recipients developed evidence of graft-versus-host disease. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Understanding Organizational Security Culture

Coolant circulation system for the rotor of an electric machine having a superconductive excitation winding and carried by a rotary shaft includes a radially outer cold shield surrounding the superconductive excitation winding, a coolant junction head surrounding the shaft at an end thereof adjacent the excitation winding, the coolant junction head having an inlet communicating with an axial bore formed in the shaft, means for refrigerating a coolant, means for conducting coolant from the refrigerating means through the coolant junction head to the shaft bore, means defining a collection chamber surrounding the shaft and communicating with bore means formed in the shaft for discharging the coolant from the shaft, first cooling channels located in the radially inwardly disposed excitation winding and communicating with the shaft bore, and second cooling channels located in the radially outwardly disposed refrigerating shield, the first and the second cooling channels being serially connected and being successively traversible by the same coolant conducted to the shaft bore.
Role of Hydroxyapatite in Healing of Experimentally Induced Cutaneous Wound in Rabbits

The study was carried out to throw some light on the effect of intra_incisional application of hydroxyapatite on healing of recovered skin documented by histopathological evaluation in rabbit. Thirty adult local breed rabbits were used, divided randomly and equally into two groups: the first group (Control group), subjected to wound of the skin from their back (about 5 cm in length) then sutured with silk (No. 4-0). Similar technique was used for treated group with the exception of local application of hydroxyapatite powder inside the incision prior to closure it. The operation was performed under the effect of general anesthesia represented by a mixture of xylazine-ketamine in a dose of 20 mg/kg and 35 mg/kg B.W. , respectively, which were administered intramuscularly. During a clinicalfollow of all animals, we trapped two cases of stitch abscess in the control group and one in treated group, which showed a response to medical treatment. Histopathological examination was performed on (3, 5, 7, 14 and 21) days post-wounding. Results revealed infiltration of large numbers of neutrophils with the formation of granulation tissue in the first periods in both groups, while fibrous connective tissue rich in dense collagen fibers were noticed in control group covered with necrotic tissue containing dead neutrophils and complete resolution of the skin with formation of fibrous connective tissue in the treatment group at the end of experiment. In conclusion, the Hydroxyapatite, promote wound healing because it attracts the macrophages and fibroblasts rapidly to the wound site. يف ًايبيرجت ةثدحملا ةيدلجلا حورجلا ءافش يف تياتيبأ يسكورديهلا رود بنارلأا ديجم دمحا ريبع و يميعنلا راتسلا دبع ةحجار يرطيبلا بطلا ةيلك / دادغب ةعماج
Increasing Incidence of Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Northern Stockholm County, 2002–2007

Objectives: A sharp increase in paediatric (younger than 16 years) inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence was observed in northern Stockholm County, Sweden, in 1990–2001. The increasing incidence was primarily explained by a rising incidence of Crohn disease (CD). Here, we present an update on the trends in incidence of paediatric IBD, 2002–2007. Method: Medical records of all children diagnosed as having suspected IBD in northern Stockholm County, 2002–2007, were scrutinised using defined diagnostic criteria. Disease extension, localisation, and behaviour at diagnosis were classified within the framework of the Paris classification. Result: A total of 133 children were diagnosed as having IBD 2002–2007 corresponding to a sex- and age-standardised incidence (per 105 person-years) for paediatric IBD of 12.8 (95% CI 10.8–15.2). The standardised incidence was 9.2 (95% CI 7.5–11.2) for CD and 2.8 (95% CI 1.9–4.0) for ulcerative colitis (UC). A significant increasing incidence of UC (P < 0.05) was observed during the study period. No temporal trend was observed for the incidence of CD. Conclusions: The incidence rate of paediatric IBD in northern Stockholm was significantly higher in 2002–2007 than that observed in our earlier study covering 1990–2001. The former sharp increase in incidence of paediatric CD seems, however, to have levelled out, although at a higher rate than reported from most other regions in the world. Although CD was still predominant, the observed increase in incidence of UC during the study period is notable.
Congestion Driven Buffer Planning for X-Architecture

With recent advance of VLSI design, interconnect delay plays dominant role in the chip performance. X-architecture, which is based on pervasive use of 0-degree, 45-degree, 90-degree and 135-degree-oriented wiring, has been proposed to achieve high-performance by reducing wire length and via count. In this paper, a buffer planning algorithm at floorplanning stage for X-arch is proposed. Firstly, the concept of feasible region (FR) is extended to X-arch feasible region (XFR) by which buffer regions for a net in X-arch can be determined. Then, a new buffer insertion algorithm using shortest-path model is applied with consideration of X-arch routing congestion. At last, dead space redistribution is performed to optimize timing performance and congestion
Experiential Education as a Framework for Student Affairs’ Educator Role

The purpose of this article is to provide student affairs practitioner-scholars with an applied framework/action plan for incorporating experiential education techniques into their daily practice of hosting and/or advising events, and other planned experiences. Utilizing the National Society of Experiential Education’s eight principles of good practice as a praxis, student affairs educators may achieve many of the following benefits: 1) a consistent language and definitions, which will promote a common understanding and common values; 2) a learning community helping to develop skills, known to be effective in ensuring learning and creating an engaged environment; 3) a plethora of research and data into how to deliver the educational experience and appropriately utilize a proven assessment structure. Many student affairs practitioner-scholars are well-versed in theories of student development, transition and student learning, which rightfully inform many of the decisions made by these professionals. This article provides the practitioner-scholar with a complementary framework for educating students.
The probability of donor-recipient histocompatibility in different HL-A phenotype combinations.

The probability of donor-recipient histocompatibility within the HL—A system was investigated in 1,281 different HL—A phenotypes. The calculations were made by means of a computer program and based on haplotype frequencies. In the present study 195 haplotypes were obtained from HL—A typing of an east Swedish population, including 7 alleles of the first (“LA”) locus and 9 alleles of the second (“Four”) locus. In 19 phenotypes the probability was more than 5 per 1,000 that an A match would occur, i.e. identical phenotypes in donor and recipient. Of all phenotypes investigated 30% had an incidence lower than 10 per 1,000 of a “good to acceptable” match (A, B or C match). In an attempt to check the reliability of the results, 266 patients transplanted within the Scandiatransplant organization were classified according to the probability of different matches. Patients with a calculated A match incidence above 10 per 1,000 got A-match transplants in a significantly higher proportion than the others. Similarly, patients with an A to C match incidence below 10 per 1,000 were rarely transplanted (7% of total). It is concluded that knowledge of the incidence of histocompatibility of a patient's phenotype may be of considerable help to the clinician in his decision concerning treatment.
Identification of Helicobacter pylori infection in symptomatic patients in Surabaya, Indonesia, using five diagnostic tests

SUMMARY The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Indonesia is controversial. We examined the H. pylori infection rate in 78 patients in a hospital in Surabaya using five different tests, including culture, histology, immunohistochemistry, rapid urease test, and urine antibody test. Furthermore, we analysed virulence factors in H. pylori strains from Indonesia. The H. pylori infection rate was only 11·5% in all patients studied, and 2·3% of Javanese patients and 18·0% of Chinese patients were infected (P = 0·01). Although severe gastritis was not observed, activity and inflammation were significantly higher in patients positive for H. pylori than in patients negative for H. pylori. Among genotypes identified from five isolated strains, cagA was found in four; two were vacA s1m1. All cagA-positive strains were oipA ‘on’ and iceA1 positive. We confirmed both a low H. pylori infection rate and a low prevalence of precancerous lesions in dyspeptic patients in a Surabaya hospital, which may contribute to the low incidence of gastric cancer in Indonesia.
Microstructure-Based Interfacial Tuning Mechanism of Capacitive Pressure Sensors for Electronic Skin

In order to investigate the interfacial tuning mechanism of electronic skin (e-skin), several models of the capacitive pressure sensors (CPS) with different microstructures and several sizes of microstructures are constructed through finite element analysis method. The simulative pressure response, the sensitivity, and the linearity of the designed CPS show that the sensor with micropyramids has the best performance in all the designed models. The corresponding theoretically predicted sensitivity is as high as 6.3 × 10−7 fF/Pa, which is about 49 times higher than that without any microstructure. Additionally, these further simulative results show that the smaller the ratios of of pyramid, the better the sensitivity but the worse the linearity. When the ratio of of pyramid is about , the sensitivity and the linearity could reach a balance point. The simulative results evidently provide the important theoretically directive significance for the further development of e-skin.
Preventing abuse in accommodation services: From procedural response to protective cultures

This article reviews current approaches of disability accommodation services to addressing the abuse and neglect of people with intellectual disability who live in them. We review international literature and provide practice examples from accommodation services for people with intellectual disability in Australia to develop a framework of current research, policy and practice in this area. The results of this review show that dominant policy and practice approaches do not give adequate consideration to the prevention and protection of people from harm, focusing primarily on responding to individual instances of maltreatment. Managerial, compliance-based systems may be deflecting attention from recognizing and responding more effectively to abuse and neglect at individual, systemic and structural levels. The current dominant approach fails to develop a culture of prevention and protection for people with intellectual disability. Further, some systemic and structural preconditions are set which make abuse and neglect less likely to be prevented.
Maternal vitamin D status and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective: To estimate the associations between maternal vitamin D status and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Study design: We searched electronic databases of the human literature in PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library up to October, 2012 using the following keywords: “vitamin D” and “status” or “deficiency” or “insufficiency” and “pregnancy”. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on observational studies that reported the association between maternal blood vitamin D levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm birth or small-for-gestational age (SGA). Results: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Women with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level less than 50 nmol/l in pregnancy experienced an increased risk of preeclampsia [odds ratio (OR) 2.09 (95% confidence intervals 1.50–2.90)], GDM [OR 1.38 (1.12–1.70)], preterm birth [OR 1.58 (1.08–2.31)] and SGA [OR 1.52 (1.08–2.15)]. Conclusion: Low maternal vitamin D levels in pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, GDM, preterm birth and SGA.
In vivo transfection rat small intestine K-cell with pGIP/Ins plasmid by DOTAP liposome

Gene therapies to produce insulin in diabetic patients have been considered for several years. Genetic engineering of ectopic insulin production and secretion in autologous non-beta-cells has been tested in different tissues. Recently, gut K-cells have been shown to express glucokinase, the glucose sensor of pancreatic beta-cells. K-cells are responsible for the secretion of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). Transfection of K-cells by a specific plasmid to produce insulin correlated to glucose level is being considered. Cationic liposomes are non-viral gene delivery to lung, spleen, liver and intestinal cells. DOTAP–GIP/Ins plasmid complex was used for transfection of K-cells in vivo. RT-PCR assay of human insulin mRNA revealed that the transfection of insulin gene by DOTAP liposome is an efficient tool. The genetic engineering of ectopic insulin production and secretion in autologous non-beta-cells is an appropriate method. The potential of the transmission of a constructed plasmid, which contains human insulin gene under the control of GIP promoter, to gut K-cells could be considered for treatment of diabetes.
Diameter bounds for altered graphs

The main question addressed in this article is the following: If t edges are removed from a (t + 1) edge-connected graph G having diameter D, how large can the diameter of the resulting graph be? (The diameter of a graph is the maximum, over all pairs of vertices, of the length of the shortest path joining those vertices.) We provide bounds on this value that imply that the maximum possible diameter of the resulting graph, for large D and fixed t, is essentially (t + 1) · D. The bulk of the proof consists of showing that, if t edges are added to an n-vertex path Pn, then the diameter of the resulting graph is at least (n/(t + 1)) - 1. Using a similar proof, we also show that if t edges are added to an n-vertex cycle Cn, then the least possible diameter of the resulting graph is (for large n) essentially n/(t + 2) when t is even and n/(t + 1) when t is odd. Examples are given in all these cases to show that there exist graphs for which the bounds are achieved. We also give results for the corresponding vertex deletion problem for general graphs. Such results are of interest, for example, when studying the potential effects of node or link failures on the performance of a communication network, especially for networks in which the maximum time-delay or signal degradation is directly related to the diameter of the network.
Diagnosis and treatment of asthma in childhood: a PRACTALL consensus report

Asthma is the leading chronic disease among children in most industrialized countries. However, the evidence base on specific aspects of pediatric asthma, including therapeutic strategies, is limited and no recent international guidelines have focused exclusively on pediatric asthma. As a result, the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology nominated expert teams to find a consensus to serve as a guideline for clinical practice in Europe as well as in North America. This consensus report recommends strategies that include pharmacological treatment, allergen and trigger avoidance and asthma education. The report is part of the PRACTALL initiative ** , which is endorsed by both academies.
Predicting tooth loss in older age: interplay between personality and socioeconomic status.

OBJECTIVES A low number of natural teeth, indicating poor oral health, is associated with various adverse outcomes to the extent that it has been proposed as a screening marker of life quality in older age. To further understand the mechanisms underlying oral health, this study investigated the associations between the number of natural teeth and personality traits in older age. METHOD In 793 members of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936, the number of remaining natural teeth was determined at clinical assessment at approximately seventy-three years of age. Personality traits were measured using the 50-item International Personality Item Pool. Associations between personality traits and the number of teeth were estimated with zero-inflated negative binomial models, controlling for sex, age, educational level, occupational social class, and childhood cognitive ability. RESULTS Low conscientiousness was associated with both absence and low count of natural teeth at age 73. The latter association was moderated by socioeconomic circumstances, appearing among people with lower educational levels and occupational social class but not among people in better socioeconomic circumstances. The associations were to a small extent mediated by smoking. CONCLUSION People in socially less advantageous circumstances may need to make a stronger personal effort to maintain oral health compared to those in more affluent conditions and therefore lower conscientiousness might be a relative disadvantage for them. These findings can be used for identifying people at risk of poor oral health and for designing personality-targeted interventions. They can also help to explain the links between conscientiousness and various other health outcomes.
Causality among Energy Consumption, CO2 Emission, Economic Growth and Trade

The present study attempts to examine the causal nexus between energy consumption, CO2 emissions, economic growth and trade in India using the Perron (1989) unit root test, Gregory and Hansen (1996) cointegration test and vector error-correction model (VECM). The study results exhibit a long-run relationship between energy consumption, CO2 emissions, economic growth and trade in India. The empirical results confirm that energy consumption influences the economic activity in the short run, implying that higher rate of economic growth is driven by consumption demand for energy in the economy. This is also well in consistence with the findings of Paul and Bhattacharya (2004) in the Indian context. Further, the study detects one-way causation that exists from energy use to CO2 emission and trade, and CO2 emissions to economic growth in the short run.