Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychopathy in Youth and Intelligence: An Investigation of Cleckley's Hypothesis

Cleckley (1941) hypothesized that true or "primary" psychopathic individuals have "good" intelligence. This study examined the relation between psychopathy and intelligence in 122 detained children and adolescents. We used the Psychopathy Checklist–Youth Version (PCL–YV; Forth, Kosson, & Hare, 2003) to assess psychopathy and administered novel intelligence measures to tap diverse interpretations of the intelligence construct (e.g., traditional and triarchic intelligence). Structural equation modeling indicated that dimensions of psychopathy and intelligence were related in unique and important ways. In particular, psychopathy traits reflecting a superficial and deceitful interpersonal style were positively related to intellectual skills in the verbal realm (Kaufman's Brief Intelligence Test [K–BIT]; Kaufman & Kaufman, 1990) and a nontraditional intellectual measure reflecting creativity, practicality, and analytic thinking as measured by Sternberg's Triarchic Abilities Test (STAT; Sternberg, 1993). Finally, the results also suggested that psychopathy traits reflecting disturbances in affective processing were inversely associated with verbal intellectual abilities. Thus, Cleckley's hypothesis was partially supported by the data, when taking into account the facets of psychopathy and when examining intelligence from the perspective of traditional and more novel and contemporary intellectual models.
Assessing data veracity through domain specific knowledge base inspection

The Internet is nowadays a fantastic source of information thanks to the quantity of the information it provides and its dynamicity. However, these features also represent challenges when we want to consider trustworthy information only. On the Internet, the process of verifying information, known as fact-checking, cannot be performed by human experts given the scale of the information that should be manually checked, and the speed to which it changes. In this paper, we propose an approach to evaluate the trustworthiness of online information modeled as RDF Triples. Given a use case, we select a specific ontology (in the following we use movie reviews as a use case) and match its object properties with WordNet. This allows us to understand, for each input triple, which class the subject and the object belong to. We associate SPARQL queries to each class, which are then used by our approach to search for additional evidences in Wikidata. By doing so, our approach generates feature vectors that are used by machine learning classification models to predict the trustworthiness of new input triples. Experiments on real movie data show that our approach provides results that are on par or better than the state of the art in fact checking.
Minimum Wage Effects throughout the Wage Distribution

This paper provides evidence on a wide set of margins along which labor markets can adjust in response to increases in the minimum wage, including wages, hours, employment, and ultimately labor income. Not surprisingly, the evidence indicates that low-wage workers are most strongly affected, while higher-wage workers are little affected. Workers who initially earn near the minimum wage experience wage gains. Nevertheless, their hours and employment decline, and the combined effect of these changes on earned income suggests adverse consequences, on net, for low-wage workers.
Governance Ideas for and from the “Knowledge Banks”

Chapter 7 provides an extensive expos? on how value and values can be defined and related to collective action. Although values are "essentially contested concepts" (Gallie 1955, 169) and will remain so after this book, Bozeman at least presents a coherent conceptualization, something that many scholars who study values do not. Chapters 8 and 9 focus primarily on the concept of public value mapping. A public value mapping grid is introduced as "a tool for analyzing normative publicness" (156) and applied to a specific case? that of genetically modified foods and the terminator gene. The concept of public value mapping, albeit a work in progress, as the author is first to admit, provides a concrete framework for making transparent the successes and failures in actual izing public values in specific decision-making and policy processes and is, as such, the first of its kind, at least in terms of applicability and transferability to different cases.
A Compact Modular Multilevel DC–DC Converter for High Step-Ratio MV and HV Use

In multi-terminal dc networks or future dc grids, there is an important role for high step-ratio dc–dc conversion to interface a high-voltage network to lower voltage infeeds or offtakes. The efficiency and controllability of dc–dc conversion will be expected to be similar to modular multilevel ac–dc converters. This paper presents a modular multilevel dc–dc converter with a high step-ratio for medium-voltage and high-voltage applications. Its topology on the high-voltage side is derived from the half-bridge single-phase inverter with stacks of sub-modules (SMs) replacing each of the switch positions. A near-square-wave current operation is proposed, which achieves near-constant instantaneous power for single-phase conversion, leading to reduced stack capacitor and filter volume and also increasing the power device utilization. A controller for energy balancing and current tracking is designed. The soft-switching operation on the low-voltage side is demonstrated. The high step-ratio is accomplished by combination of inherent half-bridge ratio, SM stack modulation, and transformer turns ratio, which also offers flexibility to satisfy wide-range conversion requirements. The theoretical analysis of this converter is verified by simulation of a full-scale 40 MW, 200 kV converter with 146 SMs and also through experimental testing of a down-scaled prototype at 4.5 kW, 1.5 kV with 18 SMs.
Subjective Versus Objective Economic Measures, A fuzzy logic exercise

It is rather evident that there is much more (statistical) information about objective aggregates, such as inflation, output or unemployment than that concerning subjective aggregates, such as well-being, satisfaction, confidence or even expectations. Due to its characteristics, fuzzy logic can and should indeed be used to understand how some of those subjective measures can be approximated by objective ones. This task is accomplished in the paper by the use of Portuguese data on consumer confidence - the subjective economic measure - and on the unemployment rate - the objective economic measure -. The results clearly indicate that to be a worthwhile exercise as the clear importance of unemployment on confidence is only revealed by the fuzzy logic approximation.
Environmental Content in Prime-Time Network TV's Non-News Entertainment and Fictional Programs

Thirty years after the first Earth Day celebration, how integrated are environmental values in everyday American life? One measure of integration is how often environmental topics are incorporated into the programs of television, today's most visible storyteller. This study offers results from an ongoing content analysis tracking television's attention to the environment in prime-time, network, non-news entertainment and fictional programs. The results indicate a decreasing amount of attention given to environmental topics during annually sampled weeks over 6 years. When present, environmental topics occur more often during programs having nature themes, which are relatively infrequent, than during programs having home and family or law enforcement themes, which are much more common. The conclusions suggest that, despite some noteworthy exceptions, environmental topics are largely absent from U.S. television's prime-time network non-news entertainment and fictional programs.
The Effects of Object-Oriented Programming on Hours Spent in Software Maintenance

This paper reports on an empirical study that compares hours spent maintaining software programmed using Object-Oriented design with those using procedural programming. Data was compiled from a location within the IBM service organization. The hours spent per problem were analyzed for 15 components. Individuals supporting these components were also surveyed on their preference of programming styles with respect to degree of difficulty, time spent, and understanding of code flow. This provides support to the results from measurement analysis. The findings from this study generated the hypothesis that Object-Oriented programming requires more time to debug than procedural programming in the Software maintenance cycle.
Regulation of dendrite growth by the Cdc42 activator Zizimin1/Dock9 in hippocampal neurons

Rho family small GTPases are key regulators of morphological changes in neurons. Cdc42, one of the most characterized members of the Rho family of proteins, is involved in axon and dendrite outgrowth through cytoskeletal reorganization. Recent studies have identified Zizimin1, a member of the Dock180‐related family of proteins [also called CDM (Ced‐5/Dock180/Myoblast city)–zizimin homology (CZH) proteins], as a specific guanine‐nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Cdc42. However, the physiological function of Zizimin1 is totally unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of Zizimin1 in dendrite development in rat hippocampal neurons. In situ hybridization and Western blot analysis showed that Zizimin1 is strongly expressed in the developing brain including in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in late developmental stages. Overexpression of wild‐type Zizimin1 promoted dendrite growth, whereas knockdown of Zizimin1 by short hairpin RNA or expression of a mutant Zizimin1 lacking Cdc42 GEF activity suppressed dendrite growth in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Both the N‐terminal CZH1 domain, which is conserved among CZH proteins, and the Pleckstrin homology domain of Zizimin1 are involved in membrane localization, Cdc42 activation, and regulation of dendrite growth. Thus, these results suggest that Zizimin1 plays an important role in dendrite growth in hippocampal neurons through activation of Cdc42. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Handwriting on Smartwatches: An Empirical Investigation

The results of an experimental study on handwriting on smartwatches are described in this study. This study aims to gain knowledge on the current practice and possible future developments on smartwatches. This includes two experiments: the first experiment aims to compare a state-of-the-art commercial handwriting system to other competing text entry methods based on soft keyboards, whereas the other experiment allows us to gather some useful information regarding users’ performance and preference in an ideal setting (without character recognition), so as to direct the design of future handwriting applications on small devices. In the first experiment, we obtained an initial entry speed of 7.5 wpm, lower than that of the other compared methods. The performance obtained in the second experiment, in the range of 15–19 wpm, suggests that by appropriately changing some settings (e.g., improved recognition and feedback, preferred writing style, and spare of space characters), the entry speed can be significantly increased. The results also showed that users prefer to enter uppercase characters and that, although this style of writing requires a significantly greater number of gestures per character, it does not adversely affect the writing speed.
Insulin resistance: sex matters

Purpose of reviewThis review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the differences between the sexes in relation to insulin resistance. Alterations in the body's sensitivity to insulin cause a series of metabolic abnormalities representing essentially the metabolic syndrome (i.e. high fasting plasma triglyceride and glucose and low HDL-cholesterol concentrations, hypertension, abdominal obesity) and type 2 diabetes. Although our knowledge of the causes and consequences of impairments in the insulin signaling pathway at the metabolic, cellular and molecular level has progressed rapidly and continues to do so, serious attempts to discover whether and how sex affects the metabolic control by insulin has only recently started to evolve. Recent findingsThe most significant recent findings include data that suggest that females are intrinsically more insulin resistant than males, possibly because of specific sex-linked gene expression and the resulting differences in metabolic control elements (e.g. signaling pathway and substrate shuttling elements, receptors). Sex hormones, environmental and life-style factors augment or improve the female ‘genetic’ disadvantage, in ways that are possibly also genetically predetermined. SummaryWomen are distinctly different to men with regard to the actions of insulin, the susceptibility to develop insulin resistance, and the response to stimuli that are known to enhance or impair sensitivity to the effects of insulin. Therefore, sex has to be considered when investigating insulin action, metabolic pathways known to be affected by the actions of insulin and diseases that result from abnormalities in insulin action and their treatment.
Among the Ashes: Trade Union Strategies in the UK and German Steel Industries

The trade unions in the steel industry have faced two waves of restructuring, the first centring on closures, capacity reductions and mass redundancies, the second involving fundamental changes to patterns of work organization, labour utilization and industrial relations. Overall, the trade unions involved have failed to develop an adequate response to management-led change, relying instead on traditional methods and lines of interest representation. The challenges embodied in such developments as teamworking and craft restructuring are considered, together with union responses and the structural and ideological constraints on those responses. Contrasts are drawn with more successful union involvement in comparable changes in the German steel industry. In the conclusion, the authors review the dilemmas facing the UK unions in the steel industry and the main areas for a new agenda.
Do all SMEs practise same kind of marketing

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to get a deeper understanding of how the concept of marketing is seen and put into practice in SMEs. Furthermore, it seeks to examine whether the perceptions and practices differ according to the size, industry and customers of the SMEs.Design/methodology/approach – The study was conducted among SMEs in three industries in eastern Finland.Findings – Marketing was seen as a means to inform the customers about the enterprise and its offerings. SME marketers were also interested in creating and maintaining customer relationships. The main aim of marketing seemed to be to create sales. Marketing thought and practices cannot be regarded as being uniform within SMEs. The results show that they vary depending on firm size and customers.Originality/value – The study offers an insight into the little researched area of comparing marketing within SMEs. It brings empirical evidence of the perceptions of marketing and how they affect marketing management in small enterprises.
Predictors of Tertiary Accounting Students' Academic Performance: A comparison of Year 12‐to‐university students with TAFE‐to‐university students

Awareness of factors associated with academic performance in tertiary accounting education courses is useful for selection officers, educators, administrators and students. Yet research shows findings relating to this topic area to be inconclusive. Also, investigations are typically cross‐sectional rather than longitudinal, and as such can have limited application. Furthermore, issues concerning the effect on academic performance of transferring between institutions appear not to have been investigated in relation to TAFE‐to‐university accounting students. This investigation evaluates the effects of a range of demographic, behavioural and educational variables on the Year 1, Year 2, and Year 3 academic performance of Year 12‐to‐university, and TAFE‐to‐university accounting students at one Australian university. Findings reveal that the best predictor of academic performance in any one year is the performance in the same discipline in the previous year. Notably, successful Year 12 Accounting completion had an enduring positive effect for all university accounting grades. Type of secondary school attended, previous year's academic grades, and level of interest in accounting as a discipline and profession also proved to be significant influences on academic performance. In addition, findings suggest that transfer shock is apparent for TAFE‐to‐university transferees. Recommendations include consideration to be given to applicants' prior performance in that discipline when universities make offers, closer liaison between university and TAFE accounting departments when accepting TAFE‐transfer students, and dedicated university‐orientation programs for transfer students. Possibilities for further research are also discussed.
An Evaluation of Traditional Seed Conservation Methods in Rural Malawi

Indigenous traditional methods of saving and storing seeds are often seen as viable alternatives to purchasing hybridised seeds for small‐scale farmers across the developing world. Nevertheless, little research has been conducted on which particular seed saving methods are most effective. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to both document and test the efficacy of different traditional seed saving methods practiced by small‐scale farmers in rural Malawi. Methods involved conducting both a survey and semi‐structured interview with 40 small‐scale farmers all of whom practiced different forms of traditional seed saving. A representative sample of sorghum and maize seeds were collected from each of these farms and grown in laboratory conditions to test the efficacy and germination rates of seeds stored using different practices. The results revealed that farmers used a wide range of indigenous seed saving techniques that include burning animal manure and covering seeds with the resulting ash to being stored in cloth bags or ceramic containers. The impact of these methods range considerably. Some methods, such as smoking the seeds over the cooking fire, proved ineffective, and germination rates were very low in seeds treated in this way. However, other methods, such as grinding up a local leaf into a powder and covering the seeds with the powder, were as effective as treating the seeds with commercial fungicides. Furthermore, these indigenous methods cost a fraction of the amount of commercially available methods' cost and are also much less expensive than buying seeds annually. The implication of this research is that it is important for researchers to test the efficacy of traditional seed saving methods as a way of establishing best practices and developing appropriate agricultural management practices that will help farmers alleviate poverty. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Medal Shares in Winter Olympic Games by Sport: Socioeconomic Analysis After Vancouver 2010

Objectives The quantitative analysis of the medal shares (MSs) in recent Winter Olympic history by sport and country will identify the relevant socioeconomic factors that are likely to derive policy issues. Methods Econometric modeling and concentration indices are used to predict and assess MSs by sport and country. The development of a mathematical routine to convert MSs to counts and the proposal of a modified Herfindahl index has added robustness to the analysis. Results The deviations of the predictions for Vancouver (2010) 〈http://www.vancouver2010. com/〉 from the observed values pinpoint significant factor differences among the sports. Medal concentrations are different by sport in the number of countries and their names. Conclusions Tradition and geography are primary factors affecting the medal-winning process. Concerning feasible policies for newcomers, nationalization of athletes, development of talent identification systems, and fostering the participation in sports without a “monopolistic” winner could become short - and long-run successful paths.
Developing a Silica-Coated Iron Oxide Nanovehicle for Antibody-Targeted Cancer Therapy

Due to their small size, nanoparticles (NPs) are a suitable platform for building the nextgeneration targeted therapy for cancer. The high surface-to-volume ratio and well-studied surface chemistry of NPs allow for efficient loading of treatment and targeting moieties, which would maximize drug delivery and ensure high tumor specificity, all the while sparing healthy tissue. Silica-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles, a type of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, combine the small size of nanomaterial with the benefits of MRI to provide a non-invasive method for tracking NPs inside the human body. Relaxivity studies of NPs revealed that T2 relaxivity of SPIO NPs were suitable for clinical use, at above 100 mMs. Previous efforts successfully synthesized silica-coated SPIO NPs with a diameter of approximately 23 nm and a shell thickness of 4 nm using a reverse micro-emulsion method. Current studies focus on attaching a monoclonal antibody (As33), which targets glycoprotein A33, a tumor antigen that is over-expressed in certain pancreatic cancer cells, onto silica-coated NPs. Evidence of cellular particle uptake using fluorophore-labeled, As33-conjugated silicacoated NPs was observed in pancreatic cancer cells that over-expressed A33 in both 2D and 3D cell culture. In order to study live cells, an MR imaging phantom was designed and constructed to enable quantification of cellular particle uptake via MR imaging and ICP-OES.
Market Efficiency and Return Statistics: Evidence from Real Estate and Stock Markets Using a Present-Value Approach

This paper develops a methodology to identify asset price response to news in the framework of the Campbell-Shiller log-linear present-value equation. We further show that a slow price adjustment in real estate markets not only induces a high serial autocorrelation in excess returns, but also dampens the return volatility and the correlation with excess returns in other asset markets. Using Hong Kong real estate and stock market data, we find that the quarterly real estate price assimilates only about half the effect of market news, whereas the quarterly stock price incorporates the news fully. Our analysis identifies a cumulative price adjustment that recovers lost information in real estate returns due to market inefficiency and thereby restores the real estate return volatility and the correlation between real estate and stock markets. Copyright 2001 by the American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association.