Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semi-analytical framework for synchronous reluctance motor analysis including finite soft-magnetic material permeability

Due to the increasing demand for high-efficiency electric motors and the maturity of vector-controlled motor drives, the Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SynRM) has received an increasing amount of attention over the past few years. Classically, SynRMs are analysed using analytical models which require little computation time and provide the designer with significant insight into the behavior of the machine, which can be very helpful in making initial design choices. For accurate analysis of the motor performance, however, numerical methods such as Finite Element Analysis are often used, although this significantly increases the computation time per design iteration. To limit the number of FEA simulations, a systematic design procedure for SynRMs, based on a combination of analytical models and FEA simulations, was proposed by Moghaddam et al. As an alternative to FEA, Harmonic Modeling Technique (HMT) can be used to obtain an accurate prediction of the magnetic field distribution inside an electric motor. In this paper, a frame-work is proposed for the analysis of SynRMs, based on the HMT method. The model is implemented for the benchmark topology and validated against FEA predictions. It is shown that the results are in relatively good agreement.
A novel approach for process variation detection

A novel approach for process variation detection (PVD) is proposed. Named "dynamic measurement", the proposed method is able to detect process corner type. Information on process variability is represented in digital signal (code). Use of such approach can exclude necessity of use of special measurement equipment or embedded test structures (ring oscillators, transistor arrays, etc.) during testing, thereby minimizing process variability evaluation time and cost. The proposed approach can further be improved for more detailed information on process corner/variation. In this paper, metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) current-voltage characteristics are used to design a circuit based on the proposed approach. With the aid of this approach one can detect not only parameter variations of n or p-type transistors, but also their combinations, resistors, transistors with short channels.
Soluble ST2 Levels Are Associated with Bleeding in Patients with Severe Leptospirosis

Background Severe leptospirosis features bleeding and multi-organ failure, leading to shock and death. Currently it is assumed that both exaggerated inflammation and immune suppression contribute to mortality in sepsis. Indeed, several proinflammatory cytokines are reported to be induced during leptospirosis. Toll-like receptors, which play an important role in the initiation of an innate immune response, are inhibited by negative regulators including the membrane-bound ST2 (mST2) receptor. Soluble ST2 (sST2) has been implicated to inhibit signaling through mST2. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of sST2 and (pro-) inflammatory cytokine release in patients with severe leptospirosis. Methodology and Principal Findings In an observational study, 68 consecutive cases of severe leptospirosis were included. Soluble ST2 and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) were repeatedly measured. To determine whether blood cells are a source of sST2 during infection, we undertook an in vitro experiment: human whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with viable pathogenic Leptospira. All patients showed elevated sST2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels on admission. Admission sST2 levels correlated with IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10. Thirty-four patients (50%) showed clinical bleeding. Soluble ST2 levels were significantly associated with bleeding overall (OR 2.0; 95%CI: 1.2–3.6) and severe bleeding (OR 5.1; 95%CI: 1.1–23.8). This association was unique, since none of the cytokines showed this correlation. Moreover, sST2 was associated with mortality (OR 2.4; 95%CI: 1.0–5.8). When either whole blood or isolated PBMCs were stimulated with Leptospira in vitro, no sST2 production could be detected. Conclusions Patients with severe leptospirosis demonstrated elevated plasma sST2 levels. Soluble ST2 levels were associated with bleeding and mortality. In vitro experiments showed that (white) blood cells are probably not the source. In this regard, sST2 could be an indicative marker for tissue damage in patients suffering from severe leptospirosis.
Constitutive OX40/OX40 Ligand Interaction Induces Autoimmune-Like Diseases1

The interaction between OX40 and OX40 ligand (OX40L) is suggested to provide T cells with an effective costimulatory signals during T cell-APC interaction. To examine the in vivo effect of constitutive OX40/OX40L interaction during immune regulation, we report the establishment of OX40L-transgenic (OX40L-Tg) mice that constitutively express OX40L on T cells. Markedly elevated numbers of effector memory CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, were observed in the secondary lymphoid organs of OX40L-Tg mice. Upon immunization with keyhole limpet hemocyanin in the absence of adjuvant, profound T cell proliferative responses and cytokine productions were seen in the OX40L-Tg mice as compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, in OX40L-Tg mice administrated with superantigen, this constitutive OX40/OX40L interaction on CD4+ T cells completely prevented normal in vivo clonal T cell deletion. Interestingly, OX40L-Tg mice on the C57BL/6 background spontaneously developed interstitial pneumonia and inflammatory bowel disease that was accompanied with a significant production of anti-DNA Ab in the sera. Surprisingly, these diseases were not evident on the OX40L-Tg mice on the BALB/c strain. However, such inflammatory diseases were successfully reproducible in recombination-activating gene (RAG)2-deficient mice upon transfer of OX40L-Tg CD4+ T cells. Blockade of OX40/OX40L interaction in the recipient RAG2-deficient mice completely prevented disease development. The present results orchestrated in this study indicate that OX40/OX40L interaction may be a vital link in our understanding of T cell-mediated organ-specific autoimmunity.
Does Fertility Status Influence Impulsivity and Risk Taking in Human Females? Adaptive Influences on Intertemporal Choice and Risky Decision Making

Informed by the research on adaptive decision making in other animal species, this study investigated human females' intertemporal and risky choices across the ovulatory cycle. We tested the hypothesis that at peak fertility, women who are exposed to environments that signal availability of higher quality mates (by viewing images of attractive males), become more impulsive and risk-seeking in economic decision tasks. To test this, we collected intertemporal and risky choice measures before and after exposure to images of either attractive males or neutral landscapes both at peak and low fertility conditions. The results showed an interaction between women's fertility status and image type, such that women at peak fertility viewing images of attractive men chose the smaller, sooner monetary reward option less than women at peak fertility viewing neutral images. Neither fertility status nor image type influenced risky choice. Thus, though exposure to images of men altered intertemporal choices at peak fertility, this occurred in the opposite direction than predicted—i.e., women at peak fertility became less impulsive. Nevertheless, the results of the current study provide evidence for shifts in preferences over the ovulatory cycle and opens future research on economic decision making.
Evolution of spite through indirect reciprocity

How can cooperation persist in the face of a temptation to ‘cheat’? Several recent papers have suggested that the answer may lie in indirect reciprocity. Altruistic individuals may benefit by eliciting altruism from observers, rather than (as in direct reciprocity) from the recipient of the aid they provide. Here, we point out that indirect reciprocity need not always favour cooperation; by contrast, it may support spiteful behaviour, which is costly for the both actor and recipient. Existing theory suggests spite is unlikely to persist, but we demonstrate that it may do so when spiteful individuals are less likely to incur aggression from observers (a negative form of indirect reciprocity).
Evaluation of the Generalized and Rescaled Complementary Evaporation Relationships

A rigorous approach to the complementary relationship (CR) in land surface evaporation was introduced by Brutsaert (2015, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017720) in which the problem was cast in nondimensional form for generality, boundary conditions (BCs) were established from physical constraints, and a suitable mathematical solution was formulated. Building on Brutsaert's insightful foundation, Crago et al. (2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR019753) showed the need, for rational reasons, to modify Brutsaert's BCs by introducing Emax, an upper limit to the apparent potential evaporation corresponding to an actual evaporation of 0. Following the rigorous approach of Brutsaert, this paper presents the derivation and resulting CR. The BC associated with Emax requires a solution that is rescaled with regard to Brutsaert's dimensionless framework and represents a fundamentally different solution from that of Brutsaert. In essence, this formulation acknowledges a pattern of organized variability, which exists within the data when scaled in Brutsaert's dimensionless framework, and our rescaled CR reorganizes the data, collapsing it toward a more universal representation. Our rescaled CR, implemented with two versions of Emax, one based on mass transfer and another on the Penman equation, is evaluated alongside Brutsaert's original formulation. Multiyear data sets from seven Fluxnet sites in Australia, ranging from a sparsely vegetated ephemeral tropical wetland to a temperate forest with a 75‐m‐tall canopy were used to test the formulations on a weekly basis. All three formulations performed adequately. Overall, the rescaled model with Emax based on the Penman equation performed best; it extracts more information with no additional observational data requirements.
Wnt11 Is Required for Oriented Migration of Dermogenic Progenitor Cells from the Dorsomedial Lip of the Avian Dermomyotome

The embryonic origin of the dermis in vertebrates can be traced back to the dermomyotome of the somites, the lateral plate mesoderm and the neural crest. The dermal precursors directly overlying the neural tube display a unique dense arrangement and are the first to induce skin appendage formation in vertebrate embryos. These dermal precursor cells have been shown to derive from the dorsomedial lip of the dermomyotome (DML). Based on its expression pattern in the DML, Wnt11 is a candidate regulator of dorsal dermis formation. Using EGFP-based cell labelling and time-lapse imaging, we show that the Wnt11 expressing DML is the source of the dense dorsal dermis. Loss-of-function studies in chicken embryos show that Wnt11 is indeed essential for the formation of dense dermis competent to support cutaneous appendage formation. Our findings show that dermogenic progenitors cannot leave the DML to form dense dorsal dermis following Wnt11 silencing. No alterations were noticeable in the patterning or in the epithelial state of the dermomyotome including the DML. Furthermore, we show that Wnt11 expression is regulated in a manner similar to the previously described early dermal marker cDermo-1. The analysis of Wnt11 mutant mice exhibits an underdeveloped dorsal dermis and strongly supports our gene silencing data in chicken embryos. We conclude that Wnt11 is required for dense dermis and subsequent cutaneous appendage formation, by influencing the cell fate decision of the cells in the DML.
Counting methodologies of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emission in highway life cycle

The processes of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions from highway life cycle are identified. The emissions from whole highway life cycle are composed by the parts of construction and operation periods, respectively, which are greatly influenced to each other. Meanwhile, GHG emissions at highway full periods can be separated into the endogenous and exogenous components, between which is interrelated and not all nonlinear relationship. The formulary of counting methodologies of GHG emission considering the endogenous and exogenous components is built up not only for highway infrastructure construction but also for operation in its life cycle. The model of GHG emission reduction caused by optimization measures is also set up based on the formulary of counting methodologies.
Vitamin E Content and Composition in Tomato Fruits: Beneficial Roles and Bio-Fortification

Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that high vitamin E intakes are related to a reduced risk of non-communicable diseases, while other dietary antioxidants are not, suggesting that vitamin E exerts specific healthy functions in addition to its antioxidant role. In this regard, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), one of the most consumed vegetables of the whole world population, is an important source of both tocopherols and tocotrienols. However, vitamin E content may strongly depend on several biotic and abiotic factors. In this review we will debate the elements affecting the synthesis of tocopherols and tocotrienols in tomato fruit, such as environmental conditions, genotype, fruit maturity level, and the impact of classical processing methods, such as pasteurization and lyophilization on the amount of these compounds. In addition we will analyze the specific vitamin E mechanisms of action in humans and the consequent functional effects derived from its dietary intake. Finally, we will examine the currently available molecular techniques used to increase the content of vitamin E in tomato fruit, starting from the identification of genetic determinants and quantitative trait loci that control the accumulation of these metabolites.
Circulating “LncPPARδ” From Monocytes as a Novel Biomarker for Coronary Artery Diseases

AbstractTo investigate long noncoding RNA NONHSAT112178 (LncPPAR&dgr;) as a biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD) in peripheral blood monocyte cells, RT-qPCR was performed to validate the microarray results, receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to study the potential of LncPPAR&dgr; as a biomarker. Diagnostic models from LncPPAR&dgr; alone or combination of risk factors were constructed by Fisher criteria. The expression of genes neighboring the LncPPAR&dgr; gene was examined with RT-qPCR in THP-1 cell line treated with LncPPAR&dgr; siRNA. Using a diagnostic model by Fisher criteria, the consideration of risk factors increased the optimal sensitivity from 70.00% to 82.00% and decreased the specificity from 94.00% to 78.00%. The consideration of risk factors also increased area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from 0.727 to 0.785 (P = 0.001), from 0.712 to 0.768 (P = 0.01), and from 0.769 to 0.835 (P = 0.07), in the original, training, and test sets, respectively. Finally, we found that the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor &dgr; (PPAR&dgr;), Adipose Differentiation-Related Protein (ADRP), and Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) were affected by LncPPAR&dgr; silencing.Our present study indicated that LncPPAR&dgr;, especially combined with risk factors, can be a good biomarker for CAD. LncPPAR&dgr; regulates the expression of neighboring protein-coding genes, PPAR&dgr; and its direct target genes ADRP and ANGPTL4.
Mining images on semantics via statistical learning

In this paper, we have proposed a novel framework to enable hierarchical image classification via statistical learning. By integrating the concept hierarchy for semantic image concept organization, a hierarchical mixture model is proposed to enable multi-level modeling of semantic image concepts and hierarchical classifier combination. Thus, learning the classifiers for the semantic image concepts at the high level of the concept hierarchy can be effectively achieved by detecting the presences of the relevant base-level atomic image concepts. To effectively learn the base-level classifiers for the atomic image concepts at the first level of the concept hierarchy, we have proposed a novel adaptive EM algorithm to achieve more effective model selection and parameter estimation. In addition, a novel penalty term is proposed to effectively eliminate the misleading effects of the outlying unlabeled images on semi-supervised classifier training. Our experimental results in a specific image domain of outdoor photos are very attractive.
The development of driver warning algorithm for safety driving support

In this paper, we proposed a novel algorithm based on fuzzy model using both integrated HVI data (face and bio-signal) and in-vehicle data (turn signal etc.) in order to detect drowsiness and distracted driving, nonfulfillment of safety distance, and lane departure warning. Also, the proposed algorithm was implementation to the integrated ECU. From experiment results, our proposed algorithm will be able to detect driver warning situation.
Prevalence of Right to Left Shunts in Japanese Patients with Migraine: A Single-center Study

Objective Several studies have shown an increased prevalence of right-to-left shunt (RLs) in migraine patients, particularly those with aura. However, the prevalence of RLs and its relation to Japanese patients with migraine are unknown. We investigated the prevalence of RLs in Japanese patients with migraine. Methods In total, 112 consecutive patients with migraine were recruited from our headache outpatient clinic. Migraine with aura (MA) and migraine without aura (MWOA) were diagnosed according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta-version). Contrast transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to detect RLs, including patent foramen ovale (PFO). Then, the associations between RLs and patients' backgrounds and presence of aura were assessed. Results The overall prevalence of RLs and PFO in migraine patients was 54.5% and 43.8%, respectively. The prevalence of RLs and PFO in the MA group were significantly higher than in the MWOA group (RLs, 62.9% vs. 44.0%, p=0.046; PFO, 54.8% vs. 30.0%, p=0.008). There were no marked differences in the prevalence of large, middle and small shunts between MA and MWOA patients. Compared with the MWOA patients, the MA patients were younger (p=0.013) and had early onset age (p=0.013) and increased prevalence of photophobia (p=0.008). Conclusion RLs were found in over half of the Japanese patients with migraine. Our study suggests a possible link between RLs and MA.
Adjective Deletion for Linguistic Steganography and Secret Sharing

This paper describes two methods for checking the acceptability of adjective deletion in noun phrases. The first method uses the Google n-gram corpus to check the fluency of the remaining context after an adjective is removed. The second method trains an SVM model using n-gram counts and other measures to classify deletable and undeletable adjectives in context. Both methods are evaluated against human judgements of sentence naturalness. The application motivating our interest in adjective deletion is data hiding, in particular linguistic steganography. We demonstrate the proposed adjective deletion technique can be integrated into an existing stegosystem, and in addition we propose a novel secret sharing scheme based on adjective
J-band on wafer measurements of Planar Goubau Sommerfeld Lines and coplanar waveguides

We report on-wafer measurements of planar transmission lines on quartz substrate at J-band. We have fabricated and characterized as well CPW than Planar Goubau-Sommerfeld Lines (PGSL) up to 325 GHz. The transmission level is relatively good for straight PGSL but we can notice higher losses for structures with two 90°-bendings. Different metallization have also been used for the study of metallic losses. The plasmon launcher efficiency is still high in the whole J-band and also at THz frequencies.
Improving Word Alignment by Exploiting Adapted Word Similarity

This paper presents a method to improve a word alignment model in a phrase-based Statistical Machine Translation system for a low-resourced language using a string similarity approach. Our method captures similar words that can be seen as semi-monolingual across languages, such as numbers, named entities, and adapted/loan words. We use several string similarity metrics to measure the monolinguality of the words, such as Longest Common Subsequence Ratio (LCSR), Minimum Edit Distance Ratio (MEDR), and we also use a modified BLEU Score (modBLEU). Our approach is to add intersecting alignment points for word pairs that are orthographically similar, before applying a word alignment heuristic, to generate a better word alignment. We demonstrate this approach on Indonesian-to-English translation task, where the languages share many similar words that are poorly aligned given a limited training data. This approach gives a statistically significant improvement by up to 0.66 in terms of BLEU score.
5-hydroxytryptamine (HT)1A receptors and the tail-flick response. III. Structurally diverse 5-HT1A partial agonists attenuate mu- but not kappa-opioid antinociception in mice and rats.

This study examined the effects of structurally diverse 5-hydroxytryptamine (HT)1A partial agonists upon opioid-induced antinociception against noxious heat and pressure stimuli in rats and mice. The pyrimidinylpiperazines, buspirone, ipsapirone and gepirone, the halogenated phenylpiperazine, LY 165, 163 [1-(2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl-4-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-piperazine], the heterobicylic arylpiperazine, (+/-)-flexinoxan, and the benzodiaxane, MDL 728328-[(4-(1,4-benzodioxon-2-ylmethylamino)butyl-8-azasp iro-(4,5)-decane-7,9-dione], exerted little or no effect upon basal latencies. In both mice and rats, each dose-dependently attenuated the antinociceptive action of the mu-opioid, morphine, against heat and pressure. In their presence, the morphine dose-response curve was shifted in parallel to the right with no loss of maximal effect. In mice, Schild analysis of the action of ipsapirone and gepirone yielded slopes of close to -1. In contrast to the partial agonists, the buspirone metabolite, 1-pyrimidinylpiperazine, which lacks 5-HT1A affinity, and the putative 5-HT1A antagonists, methiothepin, spiperone, BMY 7378 [(8-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-8-azaspirol [4]-decane-7,9-dione) 2HCl] and alprenolol, did not reduce the action of morphine. In rats, the antagonistic effect of buspirone, gepirone and ipsapirone could be blocked by BMY 7378. The 5-HT1A partial agonists also antagonized the antinociception-induced by the mu-opioid, sufentanil, but were virtually inactive against the selective kappa-opioid agonists, U69,593 (5 alpha,7 alpha,8 beta-(+)-N-methyl-N-[7-(l-pyrrolidinyl)-1-oxaspirol-(4,5)-dec-8-yl ] benzene-acetamide) and U50,488H (trans-(dl)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl) cyclohexyl]-benzenacetamide methane sulfonate hydrate. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Tracking career destinations of sports graduates 2000-2015: a longitudinal exploration of destinations and preparedness for the workplace

Introduction Historically graduates are more likely to be in work and with significantly higher earning capacity than their non-graduate counterparts. Post-graduate study is noted to further increase earning power (BIS, 2015). HESA (2015) data reveals that 6 months after graduation 76.6% of graduates are in work, and 11.6% are in further study. Three years on from this survey point, 87.9% of graduates are in work and 6% are engaged in further study.