Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A simple model for fractional non-Gaussian processes

Fractionally differenced Gaussian noise processes have been found to be useful for modeling the long-term dependencies exhibited by many real processes. Non-Gaussian processes have also been observed which exhibit long-term dependencies, but simple models have been lacking. A simple model which is a generalization of the fractionally differenced Gaussian noise process is proposed. The model should be useful for generating the random vectors needed for simulating systems which produce some result based on a finite length block of observations. <<ETX>>
A note on the interpretation of seismic surface waves over three - dimensional structures

In the 2-D acoustic case, the sound velocity of a heterogeneous medium can be determined from the amplitude and phase of almost any wavefield (but not from its phase alone) by inserting the wavefield into the Helmholtz equation and resolving for the wavenumber. Seismic surface waves in a laterally heterogeneous half-space do not obey the Helmholtz equation; however, when the heterogeneity is smooth, the Helmholtz equation is approximately valid for each mode separately. Using synthetic multimode wavefields, we investigate whether the same equation can be used to improve the structural interpretation of seismic surface waves. We find that the Helmholtz equation images lateral heterogeneity much better than the eikonal equation on which the conventional interpretation of surface wave dispersion is based.
Analysis of university students’ perceived freedom in leisure during covid-19 lockdowns

ABSTRACT Before COVID-19, perceived freedom in leisure (PFL) was rarely considered based on academic majors. This study examined student PFL during COVID-19 lockdowns. 340 Iranian students studying physical education, non-physical education, and medical sciences took an online Witt and Ellis (1985) scale survey in July and August 2021. The one-sample t-test showed that students' PFL (M = 3.78) exceeded the hypothesized value (test value = 3). ANOVA showed a significant difference in PFL means between the three groups (F = 7.530, P < 0.01). Medical sciences students had the lowest PFL (3.45), and physical education students had the highest (3.86). Iranian students' high PFL likely indicates they don't have lessons or schoolwork, giving them a sense of freedom even during pandemics.
Estimating Differences in the Effects of Living–Learning Community Participation on Black Students' Sense of Belonging at Predominantly White and Historically Black Colleges and Universities

1 LLCs are typically defined as “a group of students who live together in the same on-campus building and share similar academic or special interests” (Inkelas et al., 2018, p. 1). Strong social connections and supportive relationships with others on campus have been consistently linked with college students’ sense of belonging, a major correlate of educational success (Strayhorn, 2019). Sense of belonging refers to the “psychological sense that one is a valued member of the college community” (Hausmann et al., 2007, p. 804). It is, indeed, “a feeling that members matter to one another . and a shared faith that members’ needs will be met through their commitment to be together” (Strayhorn, 2019, p. 11). Although a basic human need, belonging takes on heightened importance in some college settings, especially for ethnoracial minorities in majority institutions such as Black students at predominantly White institutions (PWIs), professional schools (Strayhorn, 2020a), and historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) (Strayhorn, 2021). The weight of empirical evidence consistently shows that Black students’ sense of belonging, like their non-Black peers, is positively associated with critical learning and development outcomes, including grades, identity, and persistence (Jessup-Anger et al., 2012; Maestas et al., 2007; Rhee, 2008; Strayhorn, 2020b). Prior scholarship has established that myriad factors shape college students’ sense of belonging, including aspects of one’s campus environment, namely students’ living arrangements and learning conditions (Johnson et al., 2007). To this end, many colleges and universities established cultural centers, firstyear seminars within year-long experiences, and living–learning communities (LLCs)1 as high-impact practices (i.e., time-intensive academic experiences that provide structured opportunities potent for catalyzing growth; Kuh & O’Donnell, 2013; Kuh et al., 2017) that connect academic and social aspects of college life, emphasize certain learning foci, and provide supportive social networks for students to engage in challenging educational opportunities (Inkelas & Weisman, 2003). Such initiatives are also increasingly present at HBCUs (Strayhorn, 2021). Existing research has demonstrated the Research in Brief Jason C. Garvey, executive associate editor
The Formal Specification Column

The flattening is a well-known construction from high-level to low-level nets. Moreover, this construction is known to be a functor from the category AHLNets(SP, A) of algebraic high-level nets with fixed specification and algebra part to the category PTNets of place/transition nets. In this paper, we extend the flattening construction to generalized algebraic high-level nets, where the specification, the algebra part and the net structure may be changed by morphisms. The main result shows under which condition this generalized flattening construction preserves pushouts.
Design of Stone Column to Mitigate Soil Liquefaction: Cases Study of Yogyakarta International Airport

A low-to-medium cohesionless soil with low fines content was predominantly observed at the surfaces of Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA). The condition exposed subsoil of YIA to Liquefaction in addition to its location on a high seismic zone which has increased the likelihood of massive ground shaking. This means it is necessary to improve soil condition and vibro-replacement using stone column was selected as the appropriate method due to its recent popularity for the enhancement of sandy ground. Stone column has the ability to reduce the Cyclic Stress Ratio (CSR) of liquefiable soil and can be reliably evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the risk of Liquefaction at YIA by adopting the SPT-based Liquefaction triggering procedure and presuming its manifestation using Liquefaction Severity Index (LSI). It is pertinent to state that the theoretical approach introduced by Priebe was used to design the geometry and center-to-center distance of stone column. The results were presented in the form of maps with a 50 m × 50 m grid size which include the cut and fill, LSI before and after improvement, stone column spacing, as well as stone column depth. It was discovered that the triangular spacing required for stone column ranged from 1.25 m to 2.5 m while the maximum depth was found to be 6 m. Moreover, stone column inclusion efficiently reduced the severity of Liquefaction from medium to very low for the areas studied. However, stone column has several limitations and this means a combination of soil improvement methods needs to be applied to areas with moderate LSI.
Stochastic Optimal Dispatch of Power System Considering the Correlation of Multiple Wind Farm Outputs

Abstract As an important way of addressing energy and environmental challenges, the market share of wind power generation has increased dramatically in the past decade and has introduced significant challenges to power system operation. In this article, the tail correlation between multiple wind farms is studied. The joint probability distribution of multiple wind farms is estimated by employing the Gumbel copula function. Based on the estimated joint probability distribution, a stochastic optimal dispatch model is proposed to take into account the chance constraints of energy utilization from multiple wind farms in the power system. The sample average approximation method is employed to handle the chance constraints in the proposed model, so as to transform stochastic optimal dispatch into a deterministic non-linear optimization problem. The quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm is used to solve the proposed model. The proposed model and algorithm are tested with comprehensive case studies to demonstrate their effectiveness.
Association of Dizziness-Related Handicap or Disability with Clinical Features in Patients with Early Parkinson's Disease.

BACKGROUND Complaining of dizziness is common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) even at the early phase of the disease. Therefore, regarding motor or non-motor symptoms, clinical implication of subjective dizziness in early Parkinsonian patients is needed to be explored. METHODS Eighty patients diagnosed with early PD (defined by disease duration of five years or less) were retrospectively enrolled for the study. Dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) Functional Level Scale (FLS), and clinical features of parkinsonian motor and non-motor symptoms using representative measurements. RESULTS Through simple and multiple linear regression analyses, we found that both DHI and FLS were significantly and positively correlated with postural instability/gait disorder (PIGD) score but negatively with the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score. CONCLUSIONS We found that subjective dizziness in patients with early PD was related to not only axial symptoms of PIGD, but also global cognitive function of MoCA. Further research is required to confirm our results.
Ingestion of Nylon 11 Polymers by the Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) Beetle and Subsequent Enrichment of Monomer-Metabolizing Bacteria in Fecal Microbiome.

BACKGROUND Nylon 11 is a synthetic plastic widely used in commercial products such as tubing for automobiles, offshore oilfields, and medical devices. An increasing amount of nylon and other plastic wastes have been released into various environments, posing ecological threats. The biodegradation of bundled nylon polymers has been considered impossible due to their crystalline structures. METHODS Nylon 11 film was created and incubated with adult mealworms. The mass, as well as structures, of nylon 11 films at pre- and post-incubation with beetles were compared. The number of nylon 11 monomer degrading bacteria in feces were determined by culture-dependent approach. The t-test was utilized to examine the statistical significance. RESULTS We discovered that adult mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) beetle can ingest nylon 11 when stretched thin. The microscopic observation of their feces did not identify the presence of large fragments of nylon 11. The analysis of fecal bacteria revealed that while the total number of culturable bacteria did not change significantly, the number of 11-aminoundecanoic acid-metabolizing bacteria increased by 10,000-fold. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that bundled nylon 11 polymers were fragmented into smaller pieces, including monomeric units (11-aminoundecanoic acid) by adult mealworm. The monomers seem to have supported the proliferation of gut microbial communities capable of utilizing 11-aminoundecanoic acid as a carbon and nitrogen source. Our work implies the potential use of the mealworm beetle as a means to fragment nylon polymers for remediation applications.
"We're not the Gods of Accommodations:" Disability Resource Professionals and Accommodation Decision-Making

Abstract:In institutions of higher education, disability resource professionals (DRPs) have the responsibility of upholding compliance with federal legislation regarding college students with disabilities. Specifically, DRPs are tasked with determining reasonable accommodations to ensure access to all aspects of the campus community while simultaneously maintaining the integrity of academic programs. Despite the complexity of this role, there is limited research and guidance on how to make accommodation decisions. Further, existing guidance provides inconsistent recommendations for practice. As a result, DRPs use multiple, largely unexplored processes to determine accommodations unique to their institutional or professional discretion. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to explore how DRPs approach accommodation decision-making for college students with disabilities. DRP participants discussed factors they considered when making accommodation decisions, processes used to determine accommodations, and exceptions to these processes. The authors conclude with directions for future research and recommendations for higher education disability resources.
Fine structure of cloud patterns within the intraseasonal oscillation during TOGA COARE

Abstract The relationship of satellite-derived cloud motions to actual convective systems within a convectively active phase of the intraseasonal oscillation is examined by using both cloud-scale properties produced by a cloud-resolving model and field observations to clarify what is going on at shorter time- and space scales. Each convective system has a life cycle of up to 1–2 days. Described in terms of active convection, the system consists of successive precipitation cells generated ahead of the gust front. Described in terms of its cloud shield, the system is more continuous. When easterly winds prevail above 2 km, both precipitating clouds and upper-tropospheric anvil clouds move westward with about the same phase speed (∼10 m s−1). However, during the westerly wind period, precipitating clouds move eastward with a phase speed of ∼10 m s−1, which is better represented by the radar observations and surface precipitation. The westward movement of cloud patterns viewed from the satellite images is mos.
The Effects of American Sign Language on English Reading Proficiency

Abstract:The authors examine the effects of American Sign Language (ASL) on English reading achievement and English reading comprehension. A systematic review of relevant primary research and research-integrated journal articles was conducted. Based on interpretations of a few salient articles and other sources (e.g., books) selected in a professional review, background on the ASL-English situation is provided. The authors discuss whether the findings reflect a pattern or suggest instructional implications for improving English reading comprehension. Also discussed is whether the findings are confounded by a lack of desirable research characteristics associated with sample sociodemography, teacher-student interactions, or school environment. The article concludes with recommendations for further research to examine the merits of ASL-English approaches or bilingual programs, focusing on improvement of the English reading skills of d/Deaf and hard of hearing children and adolescents.
Physical Activity and Cardiac Morphologic Adaptations

Chronic and intense exercise programs lead to cardiac adaptations, followed by increased left ventricular wall thickness and cavity diameter, at times meeting the criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), commonly referred to as “ athlete’s heart ”. Recent studies have also reported that extremely vigorous exercise practices have been associated with heightened left ventricular trabeculation extent, fulfilling noncompaction cardiomyopathy criteria, as part of exercise-induced structural adaptation. These changes are specific to the exercise type, intensity, duration, and volume and workload demands imposed on the myocardium. They are considered physiologic adaptations not associated with a negative prognosis. Conversely, hypertrophic cardiac adaptations resulting from chronic elevations in blood pressure (BP) or chronic volume overload due to valvular regurgitation, lead to compromised cardiac function, increased cardiovascular events, and even death. In younger athletes, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the usual cause of non-traumatic, exercise-triggered sudden cardiac death. Thus, an extended cardiac examination should be performed, to differentiate between HCM and non-pathological exercise-related LVH or athlete’s heart. The exercise-related cardiac structural and functional adaptations are normal physiologic responses designed to accommodate the increased workload imposed by exercise. Thus, we propose that such adaptations are defined as “eutrophic” hypertrophy and that LVH is reserved for pathologic cardiac adaptations. Systolic BP during daily activities may be the strongest predictor of cardiac adaptations. The metabolic demand of most daily activities is approximately 3–5 metabolic equivalents (METs) (1 MET = 3.5 mL of O 2 kg of body weight per minute). This is similar to the metabolic demand of treadmill exercise at the first stage of the Bruce protocol. Some evidence supports that an exercise systolic BP response ≥ 150 mmHg at the end of that stage is a strong predictor of left ventricular hypertrophy, as this BP reflects the hemodynamic burden of most daily physical tasks. Aerobic training of moderate intensity lowers resting and exercise systolic BP at absolute workloads, leading to a lower hemodynamic burden during daily activities, and ultimately reducing the stimulus for LVH. This mechanism explains the significant LVH regression addressed by aerobic exercise intervention clinical studies.
Correlation of pressure fluctuations at an impingement corner due to vortex-corner interaction.

^ The impingement of concentrations of vorticity upon a corner is studied using simultaneous flow visualization and correlation of pressure fluctuations, revealing the relations between the instantaneous pressure fields along the top and front faces of the corner and the instantaneous distortion of the incident vortex. By varying the transverse offset of the corner relative to the incident vortex, several distinct and consistent patterns of incident vortex-corner interaction are evident. The corresponding form and phasing of the instantaneous pressure fields are strongly dependent upon the nature of the vortex-corner interaction, though the maximum amplitude on the top and front faces is always of order pu U of the approach flow. For certain interactions, there is separation of flow from the edge of the corner, as well as from the front face of the corner, leading to secondary-vortex formation and corresponding peaks in the local pressure fields. By integrating the instantaneous pressure fields along the top and front faces of the corner, the phasing between the respective forces is shown to exhibit varying degrees of dipole-like behavior, depending upon the character of the incident vortexcorner interaction. Amplitudes of the corresponding moments of the pressure fields are remarkably insensitive to this interaction.
Characterization of the logistic and loglogistic distributions by extreme value related stability with random sample size

Maximum stability of a distribution with respect to a positive integer random variable N is defined by the property that the type of distribution is not changed when considering the maximum value of N independent observations. The logistic distribution is proved to be the only symmetric distribution which is maximum stable with respect to each member of a sequence of positive integer random variables assuming value 1 with probability tending to 1. If a distribution is maximum stable with respect to such a sequence and minimum stable with respect to another, then it must be logistic, loglogistic or ‘backward' loglogistic. The only possible sample size distributions in these cases are geometric.
The spectral and temporal variability of the isolated X-ray pulsar RX J0720.4-3125

The radio-quiet thermally emitting X-ray pulsar RX J0720.4-3125 belongs to a group of seven isolated neutron stars (often referred to as the ``Magnificent Seven"). They share similar properties such as pure thermal radiation (black body emission with broad absorption features in some cases), long pulse periods 3-12 s) and high magnetic field strengths (B~1e+13 Gauss) on their surfaces. These neutron stars are nearby (<500 pc) and up to a few million years old (i.e. relatively young and still hot), thus, most of them have been identified with dim (25-28 mag) blue optical counterparts. RX J0720.4-3125 is unique among the ``Magnificent Seven" as it shows long term variations in its spectral properties (temperature, size of the emitting area and equivalent width of the broad absorption feature) and irregularities in the pulse period on time scales of years. The main two theories put forward to explain the behaviour of RX J0720.4-3125 are either free precession or a glitch - a sudden event like a star quake or an impact of a massive object, that released much energy in a short time. In this work, most recent data from new observations with XMM-Newton and Chandra as well as already existing archival data are analysed (altogether now covering a time span of almost twenty years). While the spectral changes clearly do not follow a sinusoidal variation if the new observations are included, the phase residuals seem to follow a periodic behaviour. An updated phase coherent timing solution was performed and it was shown that for such investigations a restriction to the hard energy band at 400-1000 eV is most suitable to achieve best agreement between the phase residuals derived from different X-ray instruments. Based on the new data, different theories to explain the behaviour of RX J0720.4-3125 are modelled, reviewed and discussed, as well as physical consequences of the conclusions are presented. The model of free precession explains well the timing [abridge]
Self-excited Oscillations and Fuel Control of a Combustion Process in a Rijke Tube

Abstract This paper treats the control of nonstationary oscillations of the pressure which arise in the combustion process of a Rijke tube. The low order model of a nonstationary combustion process in a Rijke tube with multiplicative feedback control function is considered, which is investigated by means of two-DOF coupled van der Pol oscillator. The self-excited oscillations in the combustion process are analysed by means of the Extended Lindstedt-Poincare (EL-P) method with multiple time scales. By applying the EL-P method, it is ascertained, that nonstationary oscillations are almost periodic with amplitude and phase, which are functions of the slow time scale. Without control of the fuel influx, the self excited oscillations can approach limit cycles. By applying the fuel control, the influence of control parameters on the quenching of the self excited oscillations is investigated in a phenomenon of competitive quenching and mutual synchronization with close frequencies and multiple harmonics, respectively.
On the Reduced Operator Algebras of Free Quantum Groups

In this thesis, we study the operator algebraic structure of various classes of unimodular free quantum groups, including the free orthogonal quantum groups O n , free unitary quantum groups U n , and trace-preserving quantum automorphism groups associated to finite dimensional C∗-algebras. The first objective of this thesis to establish certain approximation properties for the reduced operator algebras associated to the quantum groups G = O n and U n , (n ≥ 2). Here we prove that the reduced von Neumann algebras L∞(G) have the Haagerup approximation property, the reduced C∗-algebras Cr(G) have Grothendieck’s metric approximation property, and that the quantum convolution algebras L(G) admit multiplier-bounded approximate identities. We then go on to study trace-preserving quantum automorphism groups G of finite dimensional C∗-algebras (B,ψ), where ψ is the canonical trace on B induced by the regular representation of B. Here, we extend several known results for free orthogonal and free unitary quantum groups to the setting of quantum automorphism groups. We prove that the discrete dual quantum groups Ĝ have the property of rapid decay, the von Neumann algebras L∞(G) have the Haagerup approximation property, and that L∞(G) is (in most cases) a full type II1-factor. As applications of these and other results, we deduce the metric approximation property, exactness, simplicity and