Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms underlying brain programming by early-life adversity and nutrition

Early-life stress (ELS) leads to increased vulnerability for mental and metabolic disorders. We have previously shown that dietary low ω-6/ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio protects against ELS-induced cognitive impairments. Due to the importance of the gut microbiota as determinants of long-term health, we here study the impact of ELS and dietary PUFA’s on the gut microbiota, and how this relates to the previously described cognitive, metabolic and fatty acid profiles. Male mice were exposed to ELS via the limited bedding and nesting paradigm (postnatal day (P)2 – P9) and to an early diet (P2 – P42) with either high (15) or low (1) ω-6 linoleic acid to ω-3 alpha-linolenic acid ratio. 16S ribosomal RNA was sequenced and analyzed from fecal samples at P21, P42 and P180. Age impacted α-and β-diversity. ELS and diet together predicted variance in microbiota composition and affected the relative abundance of bacterial groups at several taxonomic levels on the short-and long-term. For example, age increased the abundance of the phyla Bacteroidetes while it decreased Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia; ELS reduced the genera RC9 gut group and Rikenella and the low ω-6/ω-3 diet reduced the abundance of the Firmicutes Erysipelotrichia. At P42, species abundance correlated with body fat mass and circulating leptin (e.g. Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria taxa) and fatty acid profiles (e.g. Firmicutes taxa). This study gives novel insights into the impact of age, ELS and dietary PUFAs on microbiota composition, providing potential targets for non-invasive (nutritional) modulation of the ELS-induced deficits.
Systematic Literature Review Model Comparisons of the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Vaccination: A Systematic Review of the Literature

A B S T R A C T Objectives: To describe all published articles that have conducted comparisons of model-based effectiveness and cost-effectiveness results in the ﬁ eld of vaccination. Speci ﬁ c objectives were to 1) describe the methodologies used and 2) identify the strengths and limitations of the studies. Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE and Embase databases for studies that compared predictions of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of vaccination of two or more mathematical models. We categorized studies into two groups on the basis of their data source for comparison (previously published results or new simulation results) and performed a qualitative synthesis of study conclusions. Results: We identi ﬁ ed 115 eligible articles (only 5% generated new simulations from the reviewed models) examining the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of vaccination against 14 pathogens (69% of studies examined human papillomavirus, in ﬂ uenza, and/or pneumococcal vaccines). The goal of most of studies was to summarize evidence for vaccination policy decisions, and cost-effectiveness was the most frequent outcome examined. Only 33%, 25%, and 3% of studies followed a systematic approach to identify eligible studies, assessed the quality of studies, and performed a quantitative synthesis of results, respectively. A greater proportion of model comparisons using published studies followed a systematic approach to identify eligible studies and to assess their quality, whereas more studies using new simulations performed quantitative synthesis of results and identi ﬁ ed drivers of model conclusions. Most comparative modeling studies concluded that vaccination was cost-effective. Conclusions: Given the variability in methods used to conduct/report comparative modeling studies, guidelines are required to enhance their quality and transparency and to provide better tools for decision making
Social Media, Digital Self, and Privacy: A Socio-Analytical Perspective of the Consumer as the Digital Avatar

We live in a high-tech world. The diffusion of computing technology into every aspect of human life is a major development in recent history. In less than a decade, we have seen rapid evolution of social media from a mere curiosity to an indispensable tool for private and public expression. It has indeed become a global phenomenon. What are the implications of the social media explosion for consumer privacy? This article attempts to address some key issues.
Response of Terraced Slopes to a Very Intense Rainfall Event and Relationships with Land Abandonment: A Case Study from Cinque Terre (Italy)

Agricultural terraces represent one of the best ways to prevent land degradation in hilly and mountainous landscapes. However, it is widely recognized that terraced slopes are threatened by agricultural land abandonment. In the literature, very few studies have quantitatively examined the influence of agricultural abandonment on the stability of terraced slopes. The goal of this research is to investigate the relationships between landslide magnitude and land use conditions of agricultural terraced slopes. In particular, Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) elevation data, coupled with aerial photo interpretation, were used for the computation of shallow landslide mobilized volumes on terraced slopes affected by an intense rainfall event. We performed the analysis within the Vernazza basin, a small Mediterranean coastal catchment located in the “Cinque Terre” area (Liguria, northwestern Italy), comparing pre‐event and post‐event LiDAR datasets. The results revealed that abandoned terraced slopes have been affected by a higher amount of mobilized debris volumes than still‐cultivated terraces. Furthermore, terraces abandoned for a short time (less than 25–30 years) resulted in the most hazardous land use class, showing erosion rates that were approximately 2 and 3 times higher than terraced slopes abandoned a long time ago (more than 25–30 years) and still‐cultivated terraces, respectively. These findings highlight that land abandonment and agricultural mismanagement can intensify the magnitude of rainfall‐induced shallow landslides. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust Authorship Verification with Transfer Learning

We address the problem of open-set authorship verification, a classification task that consists of attributing texts of unknown authorship to a given author when the testing set may differ significantly with the training set in terms of documents and candidate authors. We present an end-to-end model-building process that is universally applicable to a wide variety of corpora, with little to no modification or fine-tuning. It relies on transfer learning of a deep language model and uses a generative adversarial network and a number of text augmentation techniques to improve the model's generalization ability. The language model encodes documents of known and unknown authorship into a domain-invariant space, aligning document pairs as input to the classifier while keeping them separate. The resulting embeddings are used to train an ensemble of recurrent and quasi-recurrent neural networks. The entire pipeline is bidirectional; forward and backward pass results are averaged. We perform experiments on four traditional authorship verification datasets, a collection of machine learning papers mined from the web, and a large Amazon-Reviews dataset. Experimental results outperform baseline and state-of-the-art techniques, validating the proposed approach.
Methodology and application of three-dimensional technology for brace design and production for treatment in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a scoping review protocol

Introduction Conservative treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using bracing has proven to be effective at reducing curve progression. However, variation in brace design and lack of brace specificity hamper clinical treatment outcomes as well as the predictability and comparison hereof. To overcome this, recent technological developments aim to generate transparent and objective criteria for brace manufacturing by applying computer-aided design software and additive manufacturing to produce braces for scoliosis treatment. Yet, the extent of its applicability and clinical implementation are to be determined. This study will identify and map the available evidence for the methodology and application of three-dimensional technology for the design and production of clinical braces used for treatment in patients with AIS. Methods and analysis This scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. This scoping review will consider studies on methodology of three-dimensional technological methodology and applications that have been or are currently being applied in brace treatment of AIS. The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Embase (OVID). Search limits will be applied; for example, only articles written in the English language published after 2000 will be included. The retrieved articles will be screened independently by two researchers. A third researcher will be consulted in case of disagreement. Data from relevant articles will be independently extracted by two researchers and presented in a tabular manner accompanied by a descriptive narration. Ethics and dissemination Considering the nature of the study, no ethical approval needed to be requested. The study result will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.
for stay-green characterization in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)

Grain sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor [L]. Moench) is a crucial crop to the world ’ s semi-arid regions, as it can produce grain and biomass yields in precipitation-limited environments. Many genotypes have a characterized form of drought resistance known as the stay-green (SG) trait, enabling sorghum plants to resist postflowering drought stress that can severely reduce yields. Breeding for SG sorghum lines is considered vital for sorghum breeders around the world, but selecting for SG traits currently relies on methods that are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Using unmanned aerial systems capable of capturing high-resolution imagery offers a solution for reducing the time and energy required to select for these traits. A field study was conducted in Manhattan, Kansas, where 20 Pioneer ® sorghum hybrids were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications per hybrid. Imagery was collected with a DJI ® Matrice 200 ™ equipped with a MicaSense ® RedEdge-MX ™ multispectral camera. Flight altitude was 30 m, and flights were collected under clear, sunny skies within (cid:1) 2.5 h of solar noon. Ground-measured data included visual senescence ratings, fresh and dry plant biomass, leaf area index, and final grain yield. After correlation and regression analysis, results indicated significant relationships with the near-infrared spectral band with fresh and dry plant biomass samples, the green normalized difference vegetation index scores at flowering were the most related to final grain yield, and the visible atmospherically resistant index was the most related to visual senescence scores. Significant spectral band/vegetative indices were clustered into groups, and significant differences were found between various traits. We have developed a methodology for SG sorghum growers to collect, process, and extract data for more efficient identification of traits of interest. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI. [DOI: 10.1117/1.JRS. 15.044501]
Numerical study on the bearing capacity of masonry platform with different number of layers

There are many historic masonry structures collapsed due to deformation and/or failure of their foundation ground, and then, it is demanded to investigate the deterioration mechanisms and the rational restoration methods based on the geotechnical engineering. In case of the Angkor ruin in Cambodia, buildings were constructed on the foundations consist of the man-made soil embankment and the masonry stones, so-called ‘platform’. Therefore, to achieve the restoration ensuring structural stability, the bearing capacity characteristics of the masonry platform in various structural conditions should be investigated. In this paper, the bearing capacity analyses of the masonry foundation with different number of layers were carried out using NMM-DDA (coupled Numerical Manifold Method and Discontinuous Deformation Analysis) enhanced with the node-based uniform strain element, and the influence of the structural features on the ultimate load was discussed.
The association between metformin administration and non-Hodgkin lymphoma; a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case-control studies

Introduction: Metformin, a blood sugar-lowering agent, has the potential to be an anti-cancer agent. However, its role in lymphoma remains uncertain. Objectives: This study sought to examine the correlation between the utilization of metformin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma through the application of a systematic review and meta-analysis methodology. Materials and Methods: This investigation was carried out in the form of a methodical examination and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and the Google Scholar search engine were thoroughly explored without any temporal limitations until September 20, 2023. The data was analyzed utilizing the STATA 14 software, and the level of significance for the tests was established at P<0.05. Results: The results, obtained by combining six observational studies (five cohort studies and one case-control study) with a total sample size of 2 330 787 individuals, showed that the odds ratio (OR) for the association between metformin use and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in all studies was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.78, 1.07). In cohort studies, the OR was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.74, 1.11), and in the case-control study, it was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.79, 1.10). None of these relationships were statistically significant. The odds ratio between metformin uses and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.71, 1.21), and the odds ratio between metformin use and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.83), both of which were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This investigation’s findings indicated no statistically noteworthy correlation exists between the utilization of metformin and the probability of contracting non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Registration: This study was conducted following the PRISMA checklist. Its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO (CRD42023469100) and Research Registry (UIN: reviewregistry1721) websites.
Botulinum toxin type A ameliorates rat dorsal root ganglia neuron pyroptosis in postherpetic neuralgia by upregulating cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide to inhibit neutrophil elastase

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) has exhibited efficacy in postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) treatment, and this study aims to uncover its underlying mechanisms. Resiniferatoxin (RTX)‐induced PHN rats were given BoNT/A. Rat postoperative pain behaviors were assessed by Von Frey test. Cleaved‐synaptosomal protein 25 kDa (cl‐SNAP‐25) or cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) expression in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) was detected by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry. Healthy rat‐derived DRG neurons were transfected, incubated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) to stimulate pyroptosis and treated with BoNT/A. The CCK‐8, Western blot, ELISA, and qRT‐PCR were used to assess the viability, levels of pyroptosis‐related proteins proinflammatory cytokine levels, as well as CAMP and ELANE mRNA levels. BoNT/A (30 U/kg) promoted cl‐SNAP‐25 expression in rat DRG and reversed RTX‐induced decrease of rat paw withdrawal thresholds and CAMP expression and increase of pyroptosis‐associated protein and inflammatory factor expression in rat DRG. CAMP interacted with ELANE in rat DRG neurons. BoNT/A attenuated LPS/ATP‐stimulated inhibition of viability and CAMP expression and upregulation of inflammatory mediators, pyroptosis‐related proteins, and ELANE expression in rat DRG neurons, which was counteracted by CAMP silencing. However, ELANE knockdown offset the effect of CAMP silencing in LPS/ATP/BoNT/A‐treated rat DRG neurons. On the whole, BoNT/A alleviates rat DRG neuron pyroptosis during PHN by upregulating CAMP to inhibit ELANE.
Pengaruh Perceived Usefulness Terhadap Behavioral Intention To Use Aplikasi Gojek Dengan Attitude Towards Using Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Pengguna Layanan Aplikasi Gojek Di Kota Padang

This research aims to determine the effect of perceived usefulness on behavioral intention to use the Gojek application with attitude towards using as an intervening variable among Gojek application service users in the city of Padang. The population in this study is all users of the Gojek application service in the city of Padang, the exact number of which is unknown with a sample size of 246 people. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method. The data analysis used is SEM-Partial Least Square (PLS). Based on the results of this research, the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1) Perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on attitude towards using the Gojek application. 2) Perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention to use the Gojek application. 3) Attitude towards using has a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention to use the Gojek application. 4) Perceived usefulness has a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention to use the Gojek application with attitude towards using as an intervening variable.
Tornado Density and Return Periods in the Southeastern United States: Communicating Risk and Vulnerability at the Regional and State Levels

TORNADO DENSITIES AND RETURN PERIODS AT THE STATE-LEVEL: EXPLORING ISSUES OF SCALE-DEPENDENCY Scale plays a critical role in the analysis and interpretation of the impacts of various climatological events and it is important to examine issues of scale when calculating tornado densities and return periods. Spatial and statistical analyses were used to identify tornado patterns within nine Southeastern states (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee) to evaluate vulnerability and estimated recurrence of tornadic activity. Return periods (2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100-year) were calculated for each state using records from the Storm Prediction Center's tornado database (1950-2014). Risk zones were identified for each state using cluster analysis, and two return period calculation methods (SRCC, Huff-Angel) were examined using a Tornado Impact Index, calculated from magnitude, injury counts, and fatality counts. Results were compared to regional-level analyses and provided finer resolution information about tornado likelihood in each state (including varying intensities, injury, and fatality projections).
The Association between Working Hours with Vigilance and Executive Function of Intensive Care Unit Nurses

Background. Vigilance and executive functions are integral to nursing practice. Prolonged working hours are associated with heightened fatigue and increased nursing errors. However, the impact of work duration on the vigilance and executive function of ICU nurses remains unexplored. Objective. This study aims to elucidate the association between ICU nurses’ working hours, vigilance, and executive function. Design. A cross-sectional study. Setting. Intensive care medicine department of a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou, China. Participants. A total of 51 registered nurses who participated in 12 h shifts in the ICU completed the survey. Methods. E-prime software was employed to develop four test tasks to measure the vigilance and executive functioning of ICU nurses. The test was performed before the start of the shift and after 4, 8, and 12 h. Results. The analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in the response time of vigilance for ICU nurses across shifts ( p = 0.503 ) or working hours ( p = 0.078 ). However, a significant difference existed in lapses across working hours ( p = 0.005 ), significantly increasing after 8 and 12 h. The analysis indicated a significant difference in Flanker effect size across different working hours ( p = 0.035 ). The analysis revealed no significant differences in the switch cost ( p = 0.200 ) or response accuracy ( p = 0.479 ) of the task switching across working hours. The response accuracy for the 2-back task differed significantly ( p = 0.003 ) across working hours. Conclusion. Limited evidence demonstrated that vigilance and specific aspects of executive functioning (inhibitory control and working memory) of ICU nurses were negatively correlated with the duration of their work in a real clinical setting. Furthermore, no vigilance and executive function differences were identified between day and night shifts. Implications for Nursing Management. Nursing administrators should reconsider scheduling 12 h shifts, shortening shifts, or implementing short rest periods to reduce fatigue and cognitive load. In addition, flexible scheduling and rationalizing the order of work may help reduce the possible risks associated with prolonged work.
2-Methoxybenzaldehyde effectively repels ants

Abstract Ants can particularly make for harmful pests, infesting human homes and reducing crop yields. The damage caused by ants and the efforts to mitigate the damage are hugely costly. Broad-spectrum insecticides are used most commonly; however, due to their negative side effects, there is increasing interest in nontoxic alternatives. One promising commercially available alternative is 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, which is naturally produced by various arthropods as a means of chemical defense and effectively repels ants. Here we conduct a structure–activity relationship investigation, testing how different chemical modifications alter the repellence of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. We find that 2-methoxybenzaldehyde is considerably more effective than 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde at repelling the common black garden ant, Lasius niger. We next compare the most effective repellent chemicals against 4 particularly harmful ant species to confirm that the results obtained with L. niger are general to ants and that our results are relevant to mitigate the costs of ant damage.
A defined serum‐free culture system for human long‐term haematopoietic stem cells

Long‐term repopulating haematopoietic stem cells (LT‐HSCs) have the ability to reconstitute the entire haematopoietic system following transplantation permanently. Despite great achievements in HSC transplantation, the limited transplantable HSC number, especially LT‐HSCs, remains critical for successful transplantation and broader applications. In this study, we established a defined serum‐free culture system for in vitro expansion of LT‐HSCs. This culture system (E1) expanded LT‐HSCs from umbilical cord blood, human mobilization peripheral blood and bone marrow. These E1‐expanded HSCs reconstituted the haematopoietic and immune systems in primary and secondary transplanted mice in a short time. Better haematopoietic reconstitution was observed in secondary xenografted mice. Moreover, we obtained the comprehensive expression profile and cellular components of LT‐HSCs from umbilical cord blood. Our study provides a valuable tool for LT‐HSC research and may improve clinical applications of HSCs.