Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HrpW of Erwinia amylovora, a New Harpin That Contains a Domain Homologous to Pectate Lyases of a Distinct Class

ABSTRACT Harpins, such as HrpN of Erwinia amylovora, are extracellular glycine-rich proteins that elicit the hypersensitive reaction (HR). We identified hrpW of E. amylovora, which encodes a protein similar to known harpins in that it is acidic, rich in glycine and serine, and lacks cysteine. A putative HrpL-dependent promoter was identified upstream ofhrpW, and Western blot analysis of hrpL mutants indicated that the production of HrpW is regulated by hrpL. HrpW is secreted via the Hrp (type III) pathway based on analysis of wild-type strains and hrp secretion mutants. When infiltrated into plants, HrpW induced rapid tissue collapse, which required active plant metabolism. The HR-eliciting activity was heat stable and protease sensitive. Thus, we concluded that HrpW is a new harpin. HrpW of E. amylovora consists of two domains connected by a Pro and Ser-rich sequence. A fragment containing the N-terminal domain was sufficient to elicit the HR. Although no pectate lyase activity was detected, the C-terminal region of HrpW is homologous to pectate lyases of a unique class, suggesting that HrpW may be targeted to the plant cell wall. Southern analysis indicated that hrpW is conserved among several Erwiniaspecies, and hrpW, provided in trans, enhanced the HR-inducing ability of a hrpN mutant. However, HrpW did not increase the virulence of a hrpN mutant in host tissue, and hrpW mutants retained the wild-type ability to elicit the HR in nonhosts and to cause disease in hosts.
Response characteristics of nasal trigeminal nociceptors in Gallus domesticus

Although the chemoreceptive properties of the nasal trigeminal system are well known, the physiological characteristics of nasal nociceptors responding to both mechanical and chemical stimulation have not been well described. In this study, the activity of single nasal trigeminal units recorded from microdissected twigs of the ethmoidal nerve of anaesthetized hens (Gallus domesticus) was investigated. Using a mechanical search stimulus, 20 slowly and 22 rapidly adapting nasal mechanoreceptors were identified, exhibiting mean thresholds of 2.96 g. Twelve slowly adapting units also exhibited chemical sensitivity when exposed to ammonia gas. These had mean response thresholds of 0.232% vapour saturation and exhibited variable stimulus-response profiles. This is the first study to quantify the responses of polymodal nasal nociceptors to a noxious airborne chemical in any species.
An Evaluation of a Cognitive-Behavioral Patient Education Program for Persons with Parkinson’s Disease in Finland

A cognitive-behavioral patient education program (EduPark) for persons with Parkinson’s disease was evaluated in a controlled study, regarding its influence on the participants’ quality of life (QoL), depression and psychosocial well-being.The program focused on the individual’s capacity to consciously modify his or her illness representations, supported activity and trained resilient coping. The treatment group consisted of 29 patients, who participated in the treatment consisting of 8 treatment sessions once a week. The control group included 23 patients. Both groups evaluated their QoL, depression, and psychosocial stress on two occasions 10 weeks apart. The treatment group also evaluated their mood throughout the program. Results showed improved social support for treatment group compared to a worsening for control group. General QoL remained stable for treatment group while it worsened for control group patients. No differences were found in psychosocial stress or depression. Results of the mood-measurements revealed elevated levels of mood after each session and progressively rising mood throughout the program. Most participants reported finding the program useful.
Some considerations concerning neurological development and psychometric assessment

Blair makes a strong case that fluid cognition and psychometric g are not identical constructs. However, he fails to mention the development of the prefrontal cortex, which likely makes the Gf–g distinction different in children than in adults.1 He also incorrectly states that current IQ tests do not measure Gf; we discuss several recent instruments that measure Gf quite well.
Determination of atmospheric lifetimes via the measurement of OH radical kinetics.

The chemical composition of the earth’s atmosphere has been an area of general research interest for many decades.1 However, increased attention to a number of environmental issues has fostered a more detailed focus in recent years. These environmental drivers include such topics as (i) the destruction of stratospheric ozone via photochemical cycles involving industrial halocarbons and their reaction products,2 (ii) the alteration of the radiative balance of the earth’s atmosphere due to the buildup of infrared absorbing gases and other constituents in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere,3 (iii) the production and transport of ozone and other pollutants in the troposphere,4-8 and (iv) the role of the atmospheric sulfur cycle in aerosol and cloud particle formation.9,10 Each topic requires quantitative information on the mechanistic details and time scales for atmospheric chemical transformations. Inherent in such quantification are the atmospheric lifetimes of the applicable source gases and the rates of the initial (generally oxidative) steps in their atmospheric degradation. In this paper, we will examine the concept of an atmospheric lifetime, the role that reactions of tropospheric hydroxyl radicals (OH) play in its quantification, the range of methods used for its estimation, and its applicability in quantifying some environmental impacts of source gas emissions. We will then review the various laboratory techniques used in the experimental determination of OH rate constants, and after examining some of the possible errors associated with each, we will discuss some of the difficulties encountered in producing a recommended data set for atmospheric modeling purposes.
Design of a low-power, open loop, multiply-by-two amplifier with gain-accuracy improved by local-feedback

This paper proposes the complete electrical design of a new multiply-by-two amplifier to be readily used in high-speed medium/low resolution pipeline ADC stages. It is based in a switched-capacitor open-loop structure but with the novelty of having the gain accuracy improved by using an active amplifier with local feedback. Simulation results demonstrate that, with a very low-power dissipation and without employing any digital self-calibration or gain-control techniques, the circuit exhibits, over PVT corner and device mismatches, a dynamic performance and a gain-accuracy compatible with 6-bit level.
Charles Robert Cockerell's architecture and the language of ornaments

As a defining feature of the architecture of C. R. Cockerell (1788–1863) in an age dominated by historicism, his classical allegiance remains secondary to his conception of ornaments in his attempts to balance the reciprocity of history and human inventiveness. According to Cockerell, ornaments compounded representative and communicative rôles. This dual consideration of ornaments can be traced to two prevailing analogies: the book metaphor and the language metaphor. The analogy between architecture and the book primarily concerned the representative rôle of architecture as a bearer of meaning. In the age of printing, this comparison also brought issues of legibility and accessibility to the fore. In the face of the fast and far-reaching dissemination of books, Cockerell adopted a kinetic approach to architectural legibility. Searching a contemporary language that preserved the rôle of architecture as a cultural signifier, Cockerell attempted to democratise traditional symbolism by emphasising participatory movement and the rôle of immediate experience. Interested in ornaments that successfully communicated their expressive content to a wide audience, he reformulated the rhetorician's distinction between res and verba and approached ornament as life-bearing elements that effectively activated architecture. Studying Cockerell's approach to ornament as it emerged in his Royal Academy lectures and his architecture, the present paper reveals a two-hundred-year-old conception of architecture as action.
Fabrication of Filamentary YBCO Coated Conductor by Inkjet Printing

Inkjet printing is a potentially low cost, high rate method for depositing precursors for filamentary YBCO coated conductors. The method offers considerable flexibility of filament pattern, width, and thickness. Using standard solution precursors and RABiTS substrates, the printing, processing, and properties of some inkjet-derived filamentary YBCO coated conductors for second generation (2G) wire are demonstrated on a laboratory scale. Some systematic variations of growth rate and critical transport current with filament width are observed and discussed.
Lexical Categories for Improved Parsing of Web Data

We investigate the use of features expressing lexical generalizations over word forms when parsing web data and experiment with a range of web text samples, taken from the Ontonotes corpus, as well as the web 2.0 data sets described in Foster et al. (2011b). We obtain significant improvements for a standard data-driven dependency parser when incorporating features expressing these lexical categories, and in fact find that we may dispense with word form features altogether and still observe the same levels of improvement.
Methods for evaluating temporal trends in noise exposure

Abstract Objective: Hearing conservation programs have been mandatory in many US industries since 1983. Since then, three program elements (audiometric testing, hearing protection, and training) have been the focus of much research. By comparison, little has been done on noise exposure evaluation. Design: Temporal trends in time weighted average (TWA) exposures and the fraction of measurements exceeding 85 dBA were evaluated by facility, by exposure group within facility, and by individual worker within facility. Study sample: A large dataset (> 10 000 measurements over 20 years) from eight facilities operated by a multinational aluminum manufacturing company was studied. Results: Overall, exposures declined across locations over the study period. Several facilities demonstrated substantial reductions in exposure, and the results of mean noise levels and exceedance fractions generally showed good agreement. The results of analyses at the individual level diverged with analyses by facility and exposure group within facility, suggesting that individual-level analyses, while challenging, may provide important information not available from coarser levels of analysis. Conclusions: Validated metrics are needed to allow for assessment of temporal trends in noise exposure. Such metrics will improve our ability to characterize, in a standardized manner, efforts to reduce noise-induced hearing loss.
Application of BASNEF educational model for nutritional education among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: improving the glycemic control*

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of nutritional educational program on glycemic control of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: In this parallel randomized controlled educational trial, 100 diabetic elderly patients (≥60 years) were chosen (50 in control and 50 in test group). Nutrition education based on beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms and enabling factors (BASNEF model) was conducted. Dietary intake and glycemic indices as well as the components of the BASNEF model were assessed. The four 70-minute educational sessions were conducted in one month. Three months after training intervention, questionnaire was completed again and blood tests were performed. RESULTS: Increased intake in the mean daily servings of fruits (0.91± 0.82 vs. 0.17±0.79; p < 0.001), vegetables (0.87±0.86 vs. 0.03±1; p < 0.001) and dairy (0.35±0.52 vs. and 0.12±0.76; p < 0.001) were reported in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The amount of fruits, vegetables and dairy increased in the intervention group at the end of the study (p < 0.001). However, it was not significantly changed in the control group. HbA1c and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels decreased significantly in the interventional group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Comparing the amount of FBS and HbA1c at the end of the study with the baseline measurements showed significant reduction in interventional group (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant change in control group in this regard. CONCLUSIONS: BASNEF–based nutritional educational intervention improved dietary intakes as well as glycemic control, 3 months after intervention.
Cerebral Electromagnetic Activity in the Subdelta Range Ernst Rodin and

The frequency range between 0.1 and 0.9 Hz was investigated with magnetoelectroencephalography-EEG coregistration in 10 adult patients with epilepsy and five children with other neurologic conditions. In all instances, a dominant rhythm between 0.2 and 0.4 Hz could be observed in the waking and sleeping states. It showed a waxing and waning quality and was unrelated to eye opening or closing but increased in amplitude during sleep. The maximum was usually in the occipital areas but occasionally in the frontal regions. The rhythm was more persistent and better seen in the magnetoelectroencephalogram, but subdelta activity was also discernible in the EEG. The magnetoelectroencephalographic rhythmicity and frequency suggested possible respiration artifact. Two normal control subjects were therefore investigated by electroencephalography while respirations were monitored. A clear relation to respiration was established. It persisted during breath-holding, albeit at lower amplitude. Larger amplitude transients occurred before and at the cessation of breath-holding as well as hyperventilation. An observed frequency increase before voluntary hyperventilation suggests a relation to the readiness potential and event-related desynchronization as well as synchronization. Subdelta frequencies, which can be readily recorded without special DC amplifiers, provide additional information for clinical as well as research data. They may also be an interface between autonomic and voluntary functions, especially in regard to respiration.
Insomniacs' perceived lack of control over sleep

Abstract It is widely assumed that insomniacs have poor self-efficacy for sleep and it is known that successful treatment is usually accompanied by improved self-efficacy. However, there has been little detailed investigation of insomniacs perceived lack of control over sleep. Insomniacs' perceived control over sleep itself is affected more than their perceived control over pre-sleep mental activity or physical tension. It was hypothesised that insomniacs would diverge from controls more in their sense that sleep was out of their control than that sleep was under their control, though this was not supported by the data. Also, there was no clear support for the idea that insomniacs' dissatisfaction with their control over sleep was the product of excessive aspirations for control. One factor that seems likely to contribute to insomniacs' lack of perceived control over sleep is that they do not have as lawful a pattern of expectations of sleep, based on their recent pattern of sleep, as normal sleepers do.
Direct extraction of small-signal model parameters for nanoscale MOSFETs

A small-signal model of a nanoscale MOSFET becomes very important for designing RFICs and characterizing processes and devices. To extract parasitic resistances and inductances, a direct method presented in D. Lovelace et al. (1994) based on S-parameter measurements at zero bias is developed, but the assumption of zero transconductance (g/sub gm/) and output conductance (g/sub ds/) at external Vgs=0V is not valid in real MOSFETs. Thus, Z-parameter extraction equations as stated in D. Lovelace et al. (1994) result in significant error according to the selected frequency range. Another extraction method according to S. Lee (2003) using a linear regression of high-frequency data has been proposed to determine resistances and inductances, but much higher frequency data are required to apply for nanoscale MOSFETs, because of high g/sub m/ and g/sub ds/. In this paper, a direct method to extract resistances and inductances of nanoscale MOSFETs is proposed using a linear regression of high-frequency data at zero gate voltage.
Local Topographic Shape Patterns for Texture Description

This letter introduces a new image descriptor named Local Topographic Shape Pattern (LTSP) for texture description by relying on complete shape-based image representation. Firstly, a texture image is decomposed into a tree of shapes, i.e., topographic map, to obtain a multi-scale and contrast-invariant representation. Secondly, the shape of each node in the tree is handled with four shape patterns which are proposed as spatial codes of the shape. Finally, statistical histograms of shape patterns are used as texture descriptors. Contrast experiments of the proposed method show satisfactory performance in terms of both texture retrieval and classification tasks when applied to the Brodatz and UMD texture datasets.
Genetic Differences in Lithium‐Sodium Exchange and Regulation of the Sodium‐Hydrogen Exchanger in Essential Hypertension

Summary: The elevation of the of red cell Na exchange in some hypertensive and in their normotensive offspring is manly accounted for by genetic factors. In order to understand the pathphysiological meaning of this finding, we have studred an operational mode of H Na exchange, a transport system molved in the regulation of cell pH in Mascular and kidney ceels fine the relationship of the Na exchange the kinetic effect of internal and external H on H Na HNa and La Na exchange. These three exchange modes have hightly asy affinities for H Na are activated by internal H with a high “ cocfficient” 2.5 and compentively inhibited by external H Morecover cell La activates H Na exchange while being transported by La Na exchange at a lower rate than H. These observation support the conclusion that La Na exchange is a mode of operation of H Na exchange diseriminates better than cell H between regulatory and transport sites in red cells of normotensive subjects Kinetrc studies of H Na exchange in red cells of hypertensive subjects with high Na exchange indicate that the of both pathways are not linearly related. Thus Na exchange does not measure the number of Na H sites but assesses the occupancy of an internal site. We found that H Na exchange in hypertensive subject has a reduced coefficient as a defective H regulatory site. The concomitant increase in transport by H Na exchange suggests that the cell La disernation between regulatiry and transport sites is also defective. Because La Na exchange is an inherited trat. It is proposed to use DNA probes of the H Na exchange to investigate the gene of the transporter in families with essential hyfension.
Design and Analysis of Planar Monopole Antennas for Ultra Wide Band Applications

This thesis presents the work on the design of single element and two element (MIMO) antennas. The proposed designs are analyzed for different performance parameters separately. First, a compact lotus shaped planar monopole antenna is proposed and extended by creating two slots for dual notch performance for narrow band applications. The presented antenna fabricated on a 44~38~1.58mm3 on thick FR4 substrate and covers the frequency range from 2.86 to 14.0 GHz and is fed by 50 ƒ¶ Microstrip line. The extended work of proposed antenna covers the wide range 2.8 to 11 GHz with notch frequencies at 3.458 and 5.51GHz ranging from 3.35GHZ-3.566GHz and 5.285GHz-5.771GHz frequencies. Second, a two element compact UWB MIMO Antenna systems are designed on an FR4 substrate of dimensions 44~88mm2 of a thickness 1.6mm with lotus shaped elements and antennas are placed in three different angular positions on the substrate. A fork-shaped structure is introduced in the ground plane to increase the isolation between the antennas. Simulated results of S-parameters of the proposed antenna system are obtained and a high isolation of less than -15 dB is achieved throughout the band and it is quite suitable for MIMO applications. The extended work carried out on creating a dual notch for the different designs placed in three different positions for narrowband applications. The high isolation of less than -15 dB is achieved throughout the band and notch frequencies are situated at 3.44GHz and 5.375GHz by covering WiMAX and WLAN narrow band applications. Among three the antenna placed parallel on a substrate is fabricated and measured. The measured results are well matched to the simulated results.
Discount Sensitive Recommender System for Retail Business

User preferences for items are not the only determinant of purchase. Price promotion influences user's buying habits and changes items that are put in a basket. Such a reaction to discount depends on the user personality. In this paper, we propose a recommendation algorithm with personalized discount sensitivity. The effectiveness of the proposed model was verified using a public retail dataset. Correlation between personal persistence in repeat purchases and discount sensitivity of users was also investigated.
Dimethyl fumarate alters B‐cell memory and cytokine production in MS patients

We evaluated the effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) treatment on B‐cell memory and cytokine production in 18 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) using peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained prior to and at 6 months post‐DMF initiation. We noted a decline in the absolute B‐cell number with DMF treatment, with a preferential depletion of memory B cells and a concurrent increase in naïve B cells. We noted significant reductions in GM‐CSF, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 producing B cells with DMF treatment. These effects on the B‐cell compartment may underlie the beneficial effects of DMF in RRMS.
Performance Review of High-Quality-Factor, Low-Noise, and Wideband Radio-Frequency LC-VCO for Wireless Communication [Application Notes]

The rapid growth in the network-communication-system market has placed higher demands on radio-frequency (RF) transceivers. The voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is one of the most important building blocks of any communications system, and a high-performance VCO is critical to cover new requirements in communication systems such as required frequency bandwidth recommended by ITU-R, high phase noise performance, power consumption, die size and its cost.