Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Necessity and Feasibility of Rail Transit Based City Logistics in Beijing

This paper demonstrates the Necessity and Feasibility of Rail Transit Based City Logistics in Beijing. The urban roads of Beijing have heavy burdens for there are too many vehicles. And the pollution in Beijing is serious for the emissions of the vehicles. There is developed metro system in Beijing and the metro system is not made best use. If the metro system is used in urban delivery too, many benefits can be brought. Firstly, the traffic congestion can be alleviated; secondly, environment pollution can be mitigated; thirdly, the logistics costs may be cut down; fourthly, logistics service quality can be improved; lastly, much energy can be saved. It has important social significance and great economic benefits to develop rail transit based city logistics delivery, and it is feasible in economic.
Failure to detect measles virus ribonucleic acid in bone cells from patients with Paget's disease.

BACKGROUND Paget's disease is a condition of focal accelerated bone turnover. Electron-microscopy investigations of osteoclasts from pagetic lesions have identified nuclear inclusion bodies that have a similar appearance to viral nucleocapsid particles. Subsequently, RNA from several paramyxoviruses has been detected in pagetic tissue, and it was suggested that these viruses, in particular measles, might play a role in the etiology of Paget's disease. We have tested for measles virus sequences in osteoblasts and bone marrow cells collected from pagetic lesions and healthy bone. METHODS Bone and bone marrow samples were taken from Paget's patients and control subjects, and cells were cultured from each of these tissues. RNA was extracted from 13 osteoblast cultures and 13 cultures of bone marrow cells derived from pagetic lesions, and from 26 and 23 control osteoblast and bone marrow cultures, respectively. These samples were sourced from 22 patients with Paget's disease and 31 controls. RT-PCR-nested PCR amplification was used for the detection of the genes for the measles nucleocapsid and matrix proteins. RESULTS Measles virus sequences were not detected in any of the pagetic or control samples. However, measles virus sequences were identified in samples of a measles virus culture isolate included as a positive control, and in a brain sample from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a condition associated with chronic measles infection. CONCLUSION The results of the study do not support the hypothesis that measles virus plays a role in the pathogenesis of Paget's disease.
Grid connection design and control of LCL+Trap filter based two-level VSC for wave power plant applications

This paper presents a filter design methodology and control design strategy for LCL+Trap filters deployed in large scale wave power plants. This filter topology appears as an alternative for the widely used LCL filters, since effective harmonic mitigation can be achieved while reducing the overall passive filter components size. As a result, the use of LCL+Trap filters for two-level power converters arise as a suitable power processing solution to match the requirements of large scale wave energy applications, since such well-known power converter technology is very robust, reliable and very cost effective. The designed LCL+Trap filter is validated through simulation by performing a comparative analysis between LCL and LCL+Trap filters, and finally, the control of the converter is introduced with the purpose of validating the grid connection compliance of the entire power processing system.
Combined MEK and VEGFR Inhibition in Orthotopic Human Lung Cancer Models Results in Enhanced Inhibition of Tumor Angiogenesis, Growth, and Metastasis

Purpose: Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein–extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)/ERK signaling is critical for tumor cell proliferation and survival. Selumetinib is a potent, selective, and orally available MEK1/2 inhibitor. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of selumetinib alone or with cediranib, an orally available potent inhibitor of all three VEGF receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinases, in murine orthotopic non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) models. Experimental Design: NCI-H441 or NCI-H460 KRAS-mutant human NSCLC cells were injected into the lungs of mice. Mice were randomly assigned to treatment with selumetinib, cediranib, paclitaxel, selumetinib plus cediranib, or control. When controls became moribund, all animals were sacrificed and assessed for lung tumor burden and locoregional metastasis. Lung tumors and adjacent normal tissues were subjected to immunohistochemical analyses. Results: Selumetinib inhibited lung tumor growth and, particularly at higher dose, reduced locoregional metastasis, as did cediranib. Combining selumetinib and cediranib markedly enhanced their antitumor effects, with near complete suppression of metastasis. Immunohistochemistry of tumor tissues revealed that selumetinib alone or with cediranib reduced ERK phosphorylation, angiogenesis, and tumor cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. The antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects were substantially enhanced when the agents were combined. Selumetinib also inhibited lung tumor VEGF production and VEGFR signaling. Conclusions: In this study, we evaluated therapy directed against MEK combined with antiangiogenic therapy in distinct orthotopic NSCLC models. MEK inhibition resulted in potent antiangiogenic effects with decreased VEGF expression and signaling. Combining selumetinib with cediranib enhanced their antitumor and antiangiogenic effects. We conclude that combining selumetinib and cediranib represents a promising strategy for the treatment of NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 18(6); 1641–54. ©2012 AACR.
Consequences of being born small for gestational age on body composition: an 8-year follow-up study.

CONTEXT Increased fat mass has been reported in children and adults born small for gestational age (SGA). However, the progression of anthropometric parameters have been poorly documented in SGA adults. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that SGA individuals would remain susceptible to gain more fat when adults beyond the period of postnatal catch-up growth. STUDY POPULATION AND DESIGN From a community-based cohort, 389 subjects born full-term SGA (body weight < 10th percentile) were compared with 462 subjects born appropriate for gestational age (25th < body weight < 75th percentile). Anthropometric parameters were measured at 22 and 30 yr as well as body composition (by multifrequency bioelectrical impedancometry and skinfold thickness) at 30 yr. RESULTS Both groups gained weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. Progression of BMI was significantly greater in SGA (1.8 +/- 2.6 vs. 1.4 +/- 2.6 kg/m(2); P = 0.03). At 30 yr, the proportion of obese individuals was significantly increased in SGA (12.1 vs. 6.5%; P = 0.02), and percent body fat was significantly higher (23.5 +/- 8.7 vs. 21.9 +/- 8.0%; P = 0.01), the observation of which was confirmed by skinfold measures. Similarly, waist circumference gain was significantly greater in SGA (6.4 +/- 7.6 vs. 5.5 +/- 7.9, P = 0.04 when adjusted for gender and age). CONCLUSION Over 8-yr follow-up, adults born SGA gained more BMI than appropriate for gestational age, resulting in greater fat mass with more abdominal fat. These data suggest that the consequences of fetal growth restriction on body composition are evolving beyond the period of early postnatal catch-up.
Still the Same?

This article analyses whether a specific news event is reported differently online compared to print newspapers. The question is hardly new but has increased in importance as more readers pass from print newspapers to online news. The conditions of news selection and production are discussed departing from the theories of market-driven journalism and media logic, and are related to aspects of audience needs and gratifications, as well as professional norms and standards. A content analysis of news reporting during the 2010 Swedish election campaign reveals no significant differences between how major newspapers reported the aspects, issues and actors online compared to in print. Individuals using online news received the same information about the election campaign as those reading the print paper, which indicates a displacing rather than complementary effect of online journalism on print journalism.
Performance of cued target acquisition systems: Impact of automatic target recognition

This paper addresses the influence of automatic target recognition (ATR) subsystem performance on cued target acquisition system performance. Performance parameters used in surveillance systems, such as probability of detection and probability of correct classification/declaration, are incomplete in representing the performance of cued acquisition systems, which commit resources to an object designated by an external cue rather than simply issuing surveillance reports. Target acquisition is posed as a task of selecting from among multiple detected objects based on a joint likelihood ratio test indicating the consistency of their sensed position, velocity, and signature with an external cue. The acquisition function thus computes an order statistic, over all competing objects, of this joint likelihood ratio. The resulting expression for probability of correct acquisition is then used to analyze performance gains achieved by fusing ATR into a kinematics-only acquisition function. Monte Carlo simulation results indicate the accuracy of simplifying approximations and the system performance uncertainty introduced when ATR performance is specified only by classification error rate.
Commercial and Industrial Demand Response Under Mandatory Time‐Of‐Use Electricity Pricing

type="main"> This paper is the first to evaluate the impact of a large-scale field deployment of mandatory time-of-use (TOU) pricing on the energy use of commercial and industrial firms. The regulation imposes higher prices during hours when electricity is generally more expensive to produce. We exploit a natural experiment that arises from the rules governing the program to present evidence that TOU pricing induced negligible change in overall usage, peak usage and peak load. As such, economic efficiency was not increased. Bill levels and volatility exhibit minor shifts, suggesting that concerns about increased expenditure and customer risk exposure have been overstated.
Document Image Retrieval Based on Layout Structural Similarity

In this paper, we describe issues related to the measurement of structural similarity between document images. We define structural similarity, and discuss the benefits of using it as a complement to content similarity for querying document image databases. We present an approach to computing a geometrically invariant structural similarity, and use this measure to search document image databases. Our approach supports both full image matching using query by example (QBE) and sub-image matching using query by sketch (QBS). The similarity measure considers spatial and layout structure, and is computed by aggregating content area overlap measures with respect to their underlying column structures. These techniques are tested within the Intelligent Document Image Retrieval (IDIR) System, and results demonstrating effectiveness and efficiency of structure queries with respect to human relevance judgments are presented.
Effects of chicory inulin in constipated elderly people: a double-blind controlled trial

The impact of the daily consumption of 15 g chicory native inulin on fecal levels of bifidobacteria, stool parameters and quality of life of elderly constipated volunteers was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, controlled versus placebo clinical trial. The impact of supplementation on constipation was assessed with questionnaires on bowel motor function parameters, visual analogue scales on bowel symptoms and quality of life. Fecal bacteria counts were determined at the beginning and at the end of the supplementation. Inulin supplementation led to a significant increase in total fecal bacteria (P < 0.01) and bifidobacteria (P < 0.001) concentrations after 28 days of consumption. Volunteers (n = 25) in the inulin group reported increased satisfaction about digestion (P < 0.01) and reduced defecation difficulties (P < 0.001) during the supplementation. Slight gastrointestinal symptoms (flatulence) were reported but did not lead to discontinuation. Daily supplementation with 15 g inulin improves constipation and quality of life in an elderly population with constipation.
Accommodative neural filters

By the fundamental neural filtering theorem, a properly trained recursive neural filter with fixed weights that processes only the measurement process generates recursively the conditional expectation of the signal process with respect to the joint probability distributions of the signal and measurement processes and any uncertain environmental process involved. This means that a recursive neural filter with fixed weights has the ability to adapt to the uncertain environmental parameter. The neural filter with this ability is called an accommodative neural filter. In this paper, we show that if the uncertain environmental process is observable from the measurement process, the accommodative neural filter outputs virtually the estimate of the signal process that would be generated by a non-adaptive minimal-variance filter as if the precise value of the uncertain environmental process were given. Numerical results comparing the accommodative neural filter and the existing non-adaptive filters each designed for a precise value of the environmental process confirm our theorem and show the advantages of the accommodative neural filter in both accuracy and efficiency.
Selective COX-2 Inhibitors and Renal Injury in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension

In view of the ongoing controversy of cardiorenal safety of selective COX-2 inhibitors (coxibs), the present study was designed to examine the effects of 2 different coxibs, celecoxib and rofecoxib, compared with a traditional NSAID, diclofenac, and placebo on renal morphology and function in salt-sensitive hypertension. Salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) Dahl rats were fed with NaCl-enriched diet (4% NaCl) for 8 weeks. Diclofenac (DS-diclofenac), rofecoxib (DS-rofecoxib), celecoxib (DS-celecoxib), or placebo was added to chow from weeks 6 to 8. Immunostaining for monocytes/macrophages (ED1) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8) was performed. In addition, renal morphology and proteinuria were assessed. Renal cortex mRNA was isolated for determination of COX-2, eNOS, and CRP mRNA by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Untreated hypertensive animals showed glomerular injury including collapsing glomerulopathy, mesangial sclerosis, mesangiolysis, extracapillary proliferation, protein drops, and an especially high grade of glomerulosclerosis (P<0.05 versus DR-placebo) and CD8-positive and ED1-positive cells (P<0.01 versus DR-placebo), which was improved by celecoxib but not by diclofenac and rofecoxib. C-reactive protein mRNA in renal cortex was increased in DS-placebo animals (P<0.05 versus DR-placebo) and normalized by celecoxib (P<0.05 versus DS-placebo), whereas eNOS mRNA was decreased in the DS-rofecoxib group (P<0.05 versus DR-placebo, DS-celecoxib, and DS-diclofenac). Proteinuria was observed in hypertensive animals (P<0.0001 versus DR-placebo), increased by rofecoxib (P<0.05 versus DS-placebo), and normalized by celecoxib (P=0.0015 versus DS-placebo). This head-to-head comparison of selective and nonselective COX inhibitors demonstrates differential effects of coxibs on renal morphology and function in salt-dependent hypertension.
Case studies and mathematical models of ecological speciation. 1. Cichlids in a crater lake

A recent study of a pair of sympatric species of cichlids in Lake Apoyo in Nicaragua is viewed as providing probably one of the most convincing examples of sympatric speciation to date. Here, we describe and study a stochastic, individual‐based, explicit genetic model tailored for this cichlid system. Our results show that relatively rapid (< 20 000 generations) colonization of a new ecological niche and (sympatric or parapatric) speciation via local adaptation and divergence in habitat and mating preferences are theoretically plausible if: (i) the number of loci underlying the traits controlling local adaptation, and habitat and mating preferences is small; (ii) the strength of selection for local adaptation is intermediate; (iii) the carrying capacity of the population is intermediate; and (iv) the effects of the loci influencing nonrandom mating are strong. We discuss patterns and timescales of ecological speciation identified by our model, and we highlight important parameters and features that need to be studied empirically to provide information that can be used to improve the biological realism and power of mathematical models of ecological speciation.
USER SELF-DISCLOSURE ON SNSs: A PRIVACY RISK AND SOCIAL CAPITAL PERSPECTIVE

The growth and popularity of SNSs such as Facebook and Twitter have created a new world for users to conduct activities such as posting, viewing, sharing, replying and playing. One of the most important user participation behaviors is self-disclosure. This study attempts to investigate the relation between privacy risk and self-disclosure behavior in SNSs and to understand how the users selectively reveal personal information in an environment with high privacy risk. By integrating Communication Privacy Management Theory, Disclosure Decision Model and Social Capital Theory, we propose a SNS user self-disclosure model. In particular, we propose that perceived privacy risk (PPR) and perceived information control ability (PICA) are the two key antecedents of user self-disclosure. We further suggest that that the three dimensions of social capital, namely, relational dimension, cognitive dimension, and structural dimension, influence PPR and PICA respectively. A survey was conducted and structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed for data analysis. Our hypotheses are generally supported. Research implications are discussed.
A revised uncertainty budget for measuring the Boltzmann constant using the Doppler broadening technique on ammonia

We report on our on-going effort to measure the Boltzmann constant, kB, using the Doppler broadening technique. The main systematic effects affecting the measurement are discussed. A revised error budget is presented in which the global uncertainty on systematic effects is reduced to 2.3 ppm. This corresponds to a reduction of more than one order of magnitude compared with our previous Boltzmann constant measurement. Means to reach a determination of kB at the part per million accuracy level are outlined.
Combining Named Entities with WordNet and Using Query-Oriented Spreading Activation for Semantic Text Search

Purely keyword-based text search is not satisfactory because named entities and WordNet words are also important elements to define the content of a document or a query in which they occur. Named entities have ontological features, namely, their aliases, classes, and identifiers. Words in WordNet also have ontological features, namely, their synonyms, hypernyms, hyponyms, and senses. Those features of concepts may be hidden from their textual appearance. Besides, there are related concepts that do not appear in a query, but can bring out the meaning of the query if they are added. We propose an ontology-based generalized Vector Space Model to semantic text search. It exploits ontological features of named entities and WordNet words, and develops a query-oriented spreading activation algorithm to expand queries. In addition, it combines and utilizes advantages of different ontologies for semantic annotation and searching. Experiments on a benchmark dataset show that, in terms of the MAP measure, our model is 42.5% better than the purely keyword-based model, and 32.3% and 15.9% respectively better than the ones using only WordNet or named entities.
Group Colocation Behavior in Technological Social Networks

We analyze two large datasets from technological networks with location and social data: user location records from an online location-based social networking service, and anonymized telecommunications data from a European cellphone operator, in order to investigate the differences between individual and group behavior with respect to physical location. We discover agreements between the two datasets: firstly, that individuals are more likely to meet with one friend at a place they have not visited before, but tend to meet at familiar locations when with a larger group. We also find that groups of individuals are more likely to meet at places that their other friends have visited, and that the type of a place strongly affects the propensity for groups to meet there. These differences between group and solo mobility has potential technological applications, for example, in venue recommendation in location-based social networks.
Social background, educational attainment and labor market integration: an exploration of underlying processes and dynamics

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BRAFV600E Co-opts a Conserved MHC Class I Internalization Pathway to Diminish Antigen Presentation and CD8+ T-cell Recognition of Melanoma

Bradley, Chen, and colleagues show that BRAFV600E-induced internalization of MHC class I and its sequestration within endolysosomal compartments can be reversed by MAP kinase inhibitors, demonstrating a direct link between oncogenic activation of the MAPK pathway and MHC class I trafficking and localization. Oncogene activation in tumor cells induces broad and complex cellular changes that contribute significantly to disease initiation and progression. In melanoma, oncogenic BRAFV600E has been shown to drive the transcription of a specific gene signature that can promote multiple mechanisms of immune suppression within the tumor microenvironment. We show here that BRAFV600E also induces rapid internalization of MHC class I (MHC-I) from the melanoma cell surface and its intracellular sequestration within endolysosomal compartments. Importantly, MAPK inhibitor treatment quickly restored MHC-I surface expression in tumor cells, thereby enhancing melanoma antigen-specific T-cell recognition and effector function. MAPK pathway–driven relocalization of HLA-A*0201 required a highly conserved cytoplasmic serine phosphorylation site previously implicated in rapid MHC-I internalization and recycling by activated immune cells. Collectively, these data suggest that oncogenic activation of BRAF allows tumor cells to co-opt an evolutionarily conserved MHC-I trafficking pathway as a strategy to facilitate immune evasion. This link between MAPK pathway activation and the MHC-I cytoplasmic tail has direct implications for immunologic recognition of tumor cells and provides further evidence to support testing therapeutic strategies combining MAPK pathway inhibition with immunotherapies in the clinical setting. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(6); 602–9. ©2015 AACR.