Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Some properties of soils on sandstone, granite and dolerite in relation to dry and wet eucalypt forest types in northern Tasmania

Eleven soils in northern Tasmania formed on sandstone, granite and dolerite under dry and wet eucalypt forests are described. Soils formed on similar substrates but under differing forest types show significant differences in profile morphology and chemical properties, and this has important implications for forest management. Soils under wet forest generally occur at higher elevations with higher mean annual rainfall (> 1000 mm) than corresponding soils under dry forest. They are mainly characterised by gradational texture profiles, moderate or high levels of organic matter and nutrients, low or moderate susceptibility to soil degradation and high site productivity. In contrast, soils under dry forest typically have texture-contrast profiles, low levels of organic matter and nutrients, low site productivity and are susceptible to various forms of soil degradation.
The Transmission of Monetary Policy through Redistributions and Durable Purchases ∗

This paper studies a redistribution channel for the transmission of monetary policy. Using a tractable OLG setting in which the government is a net debtor, we show that standard open market operations (OMO) conducted by Central Banks have significant revaluation effects that alter the level and distribution of wealth in the economy and the real interest rate. Specifically, expansionary OMO generate a negative wealth effect (the private sector as a whole is a net creditor to the government), increasing households’incentives to save for retirement and pushing down the real interest rate. This, in turn, leads to a substitution towards durables, generating a temporary boom in the durable good sector. With search and matching frictions, a form of productive investment is added to the model and the fall in interest rates causes an increase in labour demand, raising aggregate employment. The mechanism can mimic the empirical responses of key macroeconomic variables to monetary policy interventions. The model shows that different monetary interventions (e.g., OMO versus helicopter drops) can have sharply different effects on activity. JEL Codes: E1, E52, E58, E32, E31.
Application of Long

We and others have shown the utility of long sequence reads to improve genome assembly quality. In this study, we generated PacBio DNA sequence data to improve the assemblies of draft genomes for Clostridium thermocellum AD2, Clostridium thermo-cellum LQRI, and Pelosinus fermentans R7.
Exploring diﬀerent Formulations of non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories for Hamiltonian simulation

Hamiltonian formulation of lattice gauge theories provides the natural framework for the purpose of quantum simulation, an area of research that is growing with advances in quantum-computing algorithms and hardware. It is therefore important to identify the most accurate, while computationally economic, Hamiltonian formulation(s) of lattice gauge theories along with necessary truncation imposed on the Hilbert space of gauge bosons for any ﬁnite computing resources. We report a study toward addressing this question in the case of non-Abelian lattice gauge theories that require the imposition of non-Abelian Gauss’s laws on the Hilbert space
Internationalization in entrepreneurial ecosystem and innovation system literatures: A systematic review

Entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) has emerged an important new concept within the entrepreneurship and innovation research literatures. It emphasizes the supporting role of the local and regional environment for the entrepreneur and has a specific focus on high growth firms (HGFs). EE research has similarities with other literature streams specifically the innovation systems (IS) literature but the relationship between them is ambiguous, which hampers the theory development. Furthermore, it is unclear how internationalization is approached by the IS and the EE research. To fill this gap, the current paper offers a systematic literature review (SLR) of the similarities and differences between the IS and the EE concepts in the specific context of HGFs’ internationalization. We analyze 67 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles. The findings suggest that, on one hand, the EE has some similarities to IS due to their emphasis on the importance of the external business environment. On the other hand, EE is strongly centered on individual entrepreneurs and high growth ventures giving less importance to the government’s role, which has been the case in IS literature. We also found that the internationalization of HGFs to be an under-researched area of research in this domain, which requires further empirical analysis.
Biodegradation Control of Chitosan Materials By Surface Modi�cation With Copolymers of Glycidyl Methacrylate and Alkyl Methacrylates

Chitosan is one of promising polymer from natural polysaccharides, which is an environmentally friendly compound from renewable raw materials. Chitosan has biodegradability, biocompatibility, and exhibits antimicrobial, antibacterial, and other activities. In this article, we report the �rst use of copolymers based on glycidyl methacrylate and (�uoro)alkyl methacrylates as material surface wettability modi�ers based on a chitosan, and we show that grafting of copolymers allows an increase in the hydrophobicity of �lms with contact angles up to 114° and up to 154° for aerogels. The resulting chitosan aerogels have high porosity with a pore size of 100–200 µm and the pore walls are 0.6–0.7 µm-thick �lm formations. Our study of lyophilic properties of modi�ed chitosan substrates showed a change in the hydrophobicity of the materials as a function of length of the hydrocarbon radical in the side groups of (�uoro)alkyl methacrylates in the copolymers. Additionally, the rate of biodegradation of the resulting materials decreased with an increase in the number of hydrophobic groups in the modi�er. Obtained chitosan materials with hydrophobic coatings have potential as a protective layer for wound dressings with an extended service life.
A Diversity Model Based on Failure Distribution and Its Application in Safety Cases

This work develops a new basis for evaluating the reliability benefits of diverse software, based on fault injection testing. In particular, the work investigates forms of argumentation that could be used to justify diversity as a basis for the construction of safety claims. Failure distributions of two versions of diverse software under various fault conditions are revealed separately by fault injection methods, and then the common failure probability of the version-pair can be estimated. The approach is justified theoretically, and cross validated with other work. This method is also used to explain the fundamental influence of failure distributions on diversity.
Facilitating Physical Computing with Computer Vision Markers

The electronics-centered approach to physical computing presents challenges when designers build tangible interactive systems due to its inherent emphasis on circuitry and electronic components. To explore an alternative physical computing approach we have developed a computer vision (CV) based system that uses a webcam, computer, and printed fiducial markers to create functional tangible interfaces. Over the last three years, we ran a series of studios with design participants to investigate how CV markers can participate in physical computing and the construction of physical interactive systems. We observed that CV markers offer versatile materiality for tangible interactions, afford the use of democratic materials for interface construction, and engage designers in embodied debugging with their own vision as a proxy for CV. Taking these insights, we are developing a visual editor that enables designers to easily program marker behavior and connect it to keyboard events. We believe that such a platform will enable designers to develop physical and digital interfaces concurrently while minimizing the complexity of integrating both sides. In addition, this platform can also facilitate the construction of many alternative interfaces for existing software that cater to different people. We discuss our motivation, progress, and future work of this research here.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) A method for valuing architecture-based business transformation and measuring the value of solutions architecture

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
Communicating Pathologies and Growth to a General Audience

In this paper, we investigate the suitability of different visual representations of pathological growth using surface models of intracranial aneurysms and liver tumors. By presenting complex medical information in a visually accessible manner, audiences can better understand and comprehend the progression of pathological structures. Previous work in medical visualization provides an extensive design space for visualizing medical image data. However, determining which visualization techniques are appropriate for a general audience has not been thoroughly investigated. We conducted a user study (n = 60) to evaluate different visual representations in terms of their suitability for solving tasks and their aesthetics. We created surface models representing the evolution of pathological structures over multiple discrete time steps and visualized them using illumination-based and illustrative techniques. Our results indicate that the suitability of visualization techniques depends on the task at hand. Users’ aesthetic preferences largely coincide with their preferred visualization technique for task-solving purposes.
Group of Possible Shorter Paths from Source to Destination

This paper clips a reduced graph from a graph, and redefined it into levels. Then find the set of shorter paths from Source to Destination. Source node as root in the first level and destination node as leafs in different levels of the graph. This paper formulates an algorithm which provides other shorter paths from source to destination. The graph may represent network lines for transferring packets, pipeline for transfering liquid and transportation links. The proposed algorithm finds the shortest path and discovers other shorter paths from source to destination with lesser traffic. The selection of node is done using GIS because it is capable enough to express the connectivity of node with one another. The proposed algorithm is compared with Dijksra’s Algorithm and the results are satisfactory. Simulated results are formulated using Matlab. The result assures the potential of the Algorithm.
The Spectral Condition Number Plot for Regularization Parameter Determination

Many modern statistical applications ask for the estimation of a covariance (or precision) matrix in settings where the number of variables is larger than the number of observations. There exists a broad class of ridge-type estimators that employs regularization to cope with the subsequent singularity of the sample covariance matrix. These estimators depend on a penalty parameter and choosing its value can be hard, in terms of being computationally unfeasible or tenable only for a restricted set of ridge-type estimators. Here we introduce a simple graphical tool, the spectral condition number plot, for informed heuristic penalty parameter selection. The proposed tool is computationally friendly and can be employed for the full class of ridge-type covariance (precision) estimators.
A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF KNOWLEDGE EXTENSIONISTS IN THE PROCESS OF INTERNAL KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

This study provides a first attempt to introduce the role of knowledge extensionists in the knowledge transfer process in higher education. A structured questionnaire was designed and administered among some selected lecturers and knowledge extensionists to obtain firsthand information about knowledge transfer. Also an oral interview was conducted on some staff to supplement information obtained through the questionnaire. Findings showed high acceptance of the already established factors that affect Knowledge transfer (KT) in higher education from earlier studies with an overwhelming 95.3% of the male lecturers and 94.5% of the female lecturers in the survey being classified as having a high acceptability level to the factors and their established relationships. Furthermore, it was found that the most influential factor to effective knowledge transfer according to the respondents was shared understanding between a teacher and a student with 98% of the male respondents agreeing and 100% of the females following suit. The study identified three important factors with regards to the extensionists that may affect effective knowledge transfer. These were used to develop a conceptual model. Based on this, an improvement was made on the already existing knowledge transfer in higher education (KTHE) model by Ko et al to accommodate the role of the extensionists. The study found a significant relationship between Extensionist credibility, experience and background, a path not addressed in the earlier literature. It was concluded that the role of knowledge extensionists really exist in our higher institutions of learning and is very relevant in order to bridge the gap created by inefficient manpower in most areas of study.
E�cacy and Safety of Tocilizumab in the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: Cytokine storm is the main cause of mortality in COVID-19. Tocilizumab, an IL-6 inhibitor, is being tested for its therapeutic potential in this condition. To evaluate the e�cacy and safety of Tocilizumab in comparison to Standard therapy in the treatment of COVID-19 in adult patients. Methods: Using Medline (via PubMed), The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, preprint server (medRxiv) and clinicaltrials.gov, a �nal search was conducted on 26 th June 2020. All types of clinical studies (prospective or retrospective cohort studies, observational case-control studies, clinical trials) aiming to evaluate the role of Tocilizumab in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 were considered eligible for this systematic review. Tocilizumab was considered as the intervention group and standard of care or drugs other than tocilizumab as control group. Meta-analysis was performed by Cochrane review manager 5 (RevMan) version 5.3. For quality assessment, ROBINS-I (The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised studies – of Interventions) assessment tool for observational studies was used. The overall quality of evidence for each of the outcomes was assessed using the GRADE Pro GDT. Results: Out of 362 records identi�ed, 13 studies were included in qualitative and quantitative analysis. Tocilizumab treatment was associated with 46% decrease in probability of mortality rate [Adjusted HR = 0.54 (95% CI = 0.44-0.68), p<0.00001; I2=74%] and 66% odds decrease in progression of disease [OR = 0.34 (95% CI = 0.21 – 0.55), p<0.0001; I 2 =76%] compared to control. However, there was no difference in hospital discharge [OR = 1.35 (95% CI = 0.84 – 2.18), p=0.22; I 2 =22%] and clinical improvement [OR = 1.02 (95% CI = 0.61 – 1.69), p=0.95; I2=84%] with tocilizumab. There was statistically signi�cant increase in risk of secondary bacteraemia [OR = 2.75 (95% CI = 1.86 – 4.06), p< 0.00001] and superinfections [OR = 2.93 (95% CI = 1.92 – 4.46), p< 0.00001]. Conclusions: With current evidence on e�cacy and safety of tocilizumab, we recommend use of tocilizumab treatment for moderate to severe COVID-19 patients caused by SARS-CoV-2, along with caution for superinfections.
CATCH RATE INDICES OF YELLOWFIN (THUNNUS ALBACARES) AND SKIPJACK (KATSUWONUS PELAMIS) TUNAS FROM THE UNITED STATES RECREATIONAL FISHERY IN THE WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN, 1986-2007

SUMMARY Catch and effort data from the US Marine Recreational Fisheries Statistical Survey (MFRSS) of the Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico (excluding Texas) were used to construct indices of abundance for yellowfin and skipjack tunas. Standardized catch rates were estimated using a Generalized Linear Mixed modeling approach assuming a delta-lognormal error distribution. The explanatory variables considered for standardization included: geographic area, season, and fishing mode (a factor that classifies recreational fishing as charter or private/rental boat). The indices suggest that the catch rates of yellowfin and skipjack vary annually, largely without trend.
The O-conditionality for Ordinal Sums of Fuzzy Implications over Overlap and Grouping Functions

—Through the study of the law of O-conditionality for the fuzzy implication derived from overlap, grouping and negation functions, we ﬁrst present the notion of fuzzy implications J R O and J G,N which are ordinal sums of fuzzy implications R O -implications and ( G, N ) -implications. And then we analyze the conditions for the two fuzzy implications J R O and J G,N to preserve the law of O-conditionality. Finally, a new type of implications called ( O, N ) -implications which are derived from overlap and negation functions is given, and the law of O-conditionality for ( O, N ) -implications is also discussed.
, A. (2017). Cerebellar dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. Frontiers in Neurology, 8, [312].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly affects the cerebellum causing acute and chronic symptoms. Cerebellar signs contribute significantly to clinical disability, and symptoms such as tremor, ataxia, and dysarthria are particularly difficult to treat. Increasing knowledge concerning the pathophysiology of cerebellar disease in MS from human postmortem studies, experimental models, and clinical trials has raised the hope that cerebellar symptoms will be better treated in the future
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Plantar Fasciitis and Other Musculoskeletal Conditions

When Policy Topic is not covered Extracorporeal shock wave therapy using either a highor low-dose protocol or radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy is considered investigational as a treatment of musculoskeletal conditions, including but not limited to plantar fasciitis; tendinopathies including tendinitis of the shoulder, Achilles tendinitis, tendinitis of the elbow (lateral epicondylitis), and patellar tendinitis; stress fractures; avascular necrosis of the femoral head; delayed union and nonunion of fractures; and spasticity.
A Non-Stationary Inﬁnite Partially-Observable Markov Decision Process

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) have been met with great success in planning domains where agents must balance actions that provide knowledge and actions that provide reward. Recently, nonparametric Bayesian methods have been successfully applied to POMDPs to obviate the need of a priori knowledge of the size of the state space, allowing to assume that the number of visited states may grow as the agent explores its environment. These approaches rely on the assumption that the agent’s environment remains stationary; however, in real-world scenarios the environment may change over time. In this work, we aim to address this inadequacy by introducing a dynamic nonparametric Bayesian POMDP model that both allows for automatic inference of the (distributional) representations of POMDP states, and for capturing non-stationarity in the modeled environments. Formulation of our method is based on imposition of a suitable dynamic hierarchical Dirichlet process (dHDP) prior over state transitions. We derive eﬃcient algorithms for model inference and action planning and evaluate it on several benchmark tasks.
Development and application of stressor - response relationships of nutrients

This study estimates the potential losses of vascular plant species richness due to terrestrial acidification for different world’s biomes. We used empirical occurrence data of 2409 species from 140 studies and estimated the relative species richness – pH response curves using logistic regressions. The regressions were then used to quantify the fraction of species that are potentially lost due to soil pH changes. Although we found considerable variability within biomes, out results show that the pH at which species richness was maximized was found to be the lowest in (sub)tropical forests (pH = 4.1) and the highest in deserts (pH = 7.4). We also found that (sub)tropical moist forests are highly sensitive to decreases of in soil pH below 4.1. This study can be coupled with existing atmospheric deposition models to quantify the risk of species richness loss following soil acidification. 2.
Striatal dopamine synthesis capacity reflects smartphone social activity

Striatal dopamine has been implicated in social behavior across humans, rodents, and non-human primates in artificial laboratory settings with highly-practiced tasks and fixed reward contingencies. Whether striatal dopamine drives naturalistic, spontaneous social behavior remains unclear. Here, we leverage day-to-day logs of unconstrained smartphone behavior and establish a novel link between smartphone social activity and individual differences in striatal dopamine synthesis capacity using [18F]-DOPA PET in (N=22) healthy adult humans. We find a strong relationship such that a higher proportion of social app interactions correlates with lower dopamine synthesis capacity in the bi-lateral putamen. Permutation tests and penalized regressions provide evidence that this link between dopamine synthesis capacity and social versus non-social smartphone taps is specific. These observations provide a key empirical grounding for current speculations about dopamine’s role in digital social behavior.
Screenshot Classifier annotated images pHashes of non-screenshot annotated images Know Your Meme Generic Annotation Sites Meme Annotation Sites Generic Web Communities

Internet memes are increasingly used to sway and manipulate public opinion. This prompts the need to study their propagation, evolution, and influence across the Web. In this paper, we detect and measure the propagation of memes across multiple Web communities, using a processing pipeline based on perceptual hashing and clustering techniques, and a dataset of 160M images from 2.6B posts gathered from Twitter, Reddit, 4chan’s Politically Incorrect board (/pol/), and Gab, over the course of 13 months. We group the images posted on fringe Web communities (/pol/, Gab, and The_Donald subreddit) into clusters, annotate them using meme metadata obtained from Know Your Meme, and also map images from mainstream communities (Twitter and Reddit) to the clusters. Our analysis provides an assessment of the popularity and diversity of memes in the context of each community, showing, e.g., that racist memes are extremely common in fringe Web communities. We also find a substantial number of politics-related memes on both mainstream and fringeWeb communities, supporting media reports that memes might be used to enhance or harm politicians. Finally, we use Hawkes processes to model the interplay between Web communities and quantify their reciprocal influence, finding that /pol/ substantially influences the meme ecosystem with the number of memes it produces, while The_Donald has a higher success rate in pushing them to other communities.