Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Digital Twining of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine With Reduced-Order Modelling Approach

In the wind energy industry, a cost-benefit digital twin (DT) will be very useful for managing the operation of a wind turbine. For instance, a DT could provide information on the structural health conditions in real-time as well as projections in the near future. This allows wind farm operators to proactively plan maintenance visits, limiting down time. A DT is also invaluable when it comes to playing out “what if” scenarios. For instance, wind farm operators could use a DT to predict what might happen if they keep a high-power rate under a strong wind. The ability to rapidly play out these cost-benefit models helps to optimize the performance of the turbine and generally the whole wind farm. In this work, we employ component-based Reduced-Order Modelling (ROM) techniques to construct a DT of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5MW wind turbine. The DT consists of a ROM model for modal analysis and for structural response prediction under wind loading. First, an offline library is pre-computed, which contains a series of component archetypes. Then, the component-based ROM is assembled out of these archetypes such as the parts in blade, hub, nacelle, and tower. The wind loading on the turbine is predicted with inputs of far-field wind. With very fast computation speed of the ROM model, the DT could be able to provide almost instant predictions of the modes and the responses of the turbine structure.
QCD3
 with two-index quarks, mirror symmetry, and fivebrane anti-BIons near orientifolds

We consider a non-supersymmetric Hanany-Witten type IIB brane configuration that realises a three dimensional USp(2N) gauge theory with quarks in the two-index antisymmetric representation and SO(4) flavour symmetry. Using type IIB S-duality we find the mirror dual, an SO(2N-1) field theory with scalars in the antisymmetric representation. Analysing the magnetic dual we study the vacuum structure of the USp(2N) model and propose that the SO(4) global symmetry is unbroken. In order to support our proposal we present an SO(4) symmetric BIon configuration that describes anti-D3 branes polarising into fivebranes in the S-dual Hanany-Witten setup. We also comment on dynamical flavour symmetry breaking in other QCD3 theories with quarks in two-index representations.
Origin of 1I/’Oumuamua. II. An Ejected Exo-Oort Cloud Object?

1I/’Oumuamua is the first detected interstellar interloper. We test the hypothesis that it is representative of a background population of exo-Oort cloud objects ejected under the effect of post-main sequence mass loss and stellar encounters. We do this by comparing the cumulative number density of interstellar objects inferred from the detection of 1I/’Oumuamua to that expected from these two clearing processes. We consider the 0.08–8 M⊙ mass range, take into account the dependencies with stellar mass, Galactocentric distance, and evolutionary state, and consider a wide range of size distributions for the ejected objects. Our conclusion is that 1I/’Oumuamua is likely not representative of this background population, even though there are large uncertainties in the masses and size distributions of the exo-Oort Clouds. We discuss whether the number density of free-floating, planetary-mass objects derived from gravitational microlensing surveys could be used as a discriminating measurement regarding 1I/’Oumuamua’s origin (given their potential common origin). We conclude that this is challenged by the mass limitation of the surveys and the resulting uncertainty of the mass distribution of the free floaters. The detection of interlopers may be one of the few observational constraints of the small end of this population, with the caveat that, as we conclude here and in Moro-Martín (), in the case of 1I/’Oumuamua, it might not be appropriate to assume this object is representative of an isotropic background population, which makes the derivation of a number density very challenging.
Silicon Nitride in Silicon Photonics of low-loss Si 3 N 4 waveguide technology and a survey of worldwide research in a of

| The silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) planar waveguide platform has enabled a broad class of low-loss planar-integrated devices and chip-scale solutions that beneﬁt from transparency over a wide wavelength range (400–2350 nm) and fabrication using wafer-scale processes. As a complimentary platform to silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and III–V photonics, Si 3 N 4 waveguide technology opens up a new generation of system-on-chip applications not achievable with the other platforms alone. The availability of low-loss waveguides ( < 1 dB/m) that can handle high optical power can be engineered for linear and nonlinear optical functions, and that support a variety of passive and active building blocks opens new avenues for system-on-chip implementations. As signal bandwidth and data rates continue to increase, the optical circuit functions and complexity made possible with Si 3 N 4 has expanded the practical application of optical signal processing functions that can reduce energy consumption, size and cost over today’s digital electronic solutions. Researchers have been able to push the performance photonic-integrated components beyond other integrated platforms, including ultrahigh Q resonators, optical ﬁlters, highly coherent lasers, optical signal processing circuits, nonlinear optical devices, frequency comb generators, and biophotonic system-on-chip. This review paper covers the
TIME DOMAIN BUFFETING ANALYSIS OF A LARGE-SPAN CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE

Large-span cable-stayed bridges are flexible struc tures susceptible to various types of wind-induced vibrations such as buffeting. In this study, a time domain buffeting analysis procedure is formulated and impl emented by developing a toolbox based on ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). To illustrate the potential of the toolbox, a real wind excited cable-stayed bridg e built in China is taken as a case study. A comparison with results obtained including buffeting loads modeled by a quasi- steady approach is discussed. The results also show good agreement with those from the frequency domain analysis.
Extending traceability in airborne particle size distribution measurements beyond 10 µm: Counting efficiency and unit-to-unit variability of four aerodynamic particle size spectrometers

Abstract The aim of this study was to establish traceable number concentration measurements of airborne particles beyond 10 μm in particle size. To this end, the primary standards for particle number concentration at the National Metrology Institutes of Switzerland and Japan were further developed to extend their measurement capabilities. Details on the upgraded setup are provided. An inter-comparison of the two primary standards using an optical particle counter as transfer standard showed that these agree well within the stated uncertainties at polystyrene (PS) equivalent optical diameter of 15 µm. Subsequently, four Model 3321 (TSI Inc., USA) aerodynamic particle size spectrometers (APS) were calibrated against the primary standard of Switzerland using size-certified PS spheres with optical/aerodynamic diameter up to 20 µm as test aerosols. The counting efficiency profile and unit-to-unit variability of the APS units were determined. The results presented here can be useful for the analysis and interpretation of data collected by the different atmospheric aerosol networks worldwide. The outlined methodology can also be applied in the calibration of automated bio-aerosol monitors.
Recurrent Outbursts Revealed in 3XMM J031820.8-663034

3XMM J031820.8-663034, first detected by ROSAT in NGC 1313, is one of a few known transient ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). In this paper, we present decades of X-ray data of this source from ROSAT, XMM-Newton, Chandra, and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. We find that its X-ray emission experienced four outbursts since 1992, with a typical recurrent time ∼1800 days, an outburst duration ∼240–300 days, and a nearly constant peak X-ray luminosity ∼1.5 × 1039 erg s−1. The upper limit of X-ray luminosity at the quiescent state is ∼5.6 × 1036 erg s−1, and the total energy radiated during one outburst is ∼1046 erg. The spectra at the high luminosity states can be described with an absorbed disk blackbody, and the disk temperature increases with the X-ray luminosity. We compare its outburst properties with other known transient ULXs including ESO 243-49 HLX-1. As its peak luminosity only marginally puts it in the category of ULXs, we also compare it with normal transient black hole binaries. Our results suggest that the source is powered by an accreting massive stellar-mass black hole, and the outbursts are triggered by the thermal-viscous instability.
Cause and Countermeasures on Tax Avoidance: From a Comparative View

With the internationalized establishment of multinational enterprises, many of them are trying to win more profits and save more costs for themselves for better development. To eliminate the adverse effects of tax avoidance and maintain international business order, relevant regulations and agreements should be proposed to prevent MNEs from excessively transferring their profits and evading the tax they should have paid. Case study and comparative analytical method have been used in this paper to look at whether or not the tax avoidance of MNEs is problematic for host states and propose appropriate solutions for different entities. From the research, both similarities and differences can be concluded from different MNEs’ methods of committing tax avoidance. Also, there is the possibility that relevant entities take corresponding measures within their respective region or scope to prevent adverse effects carried out by tax avoidance.
Retrieval of land surface temperature from FY3D MERSI-II based on re-fitting Split Window Algorithm

ABSTRACT Medium Resolution Spectral Imager II (MERSI-II) is one of the core sensors mounted on the FengYun-3D (FY3D) satellite. Two adjacent 250 m long-wave thermal infrared (TIR) channels provide a considerable opportunity for retrieving Land Surface Temperature (LST) with high spatiotemporal resolution. In this paper, Thermodynamic Initial Guess Retrieval (TIGR) dataset and MODTRAN 4.0 model were used to re-fit the parameters of the Split-Window (SW) algorithm suitable for MERSI-II TIR channels, and then the daily 250 m resolution MERSI-II LST product was retrieved. The Radiance-based (R-based) method results showed that the bias value between simulated by MODTRAN4.0 and the input is 0.16 K, and the MAE value is 0.38 K. Inter-comparison method results showed that the MERSI-II LST and MODIS LST products were consistent in spatial distribution, but there were certain differences between MODIS LST and MERSI-II LST at different land cover types. T-based method results showed that R values between the site-observed LST and MERSI-II LST retrieved by SW algorithm exceeded 0.92, the bias value was between 3.6 K and 4.4 K, and the MAE value was between 2.6 K and 4.5 K. The above results indicating that the SW algorithm proposed in this study has good accuracy and applicability.
Comparative Analysis Multi-Robot Formation Control Modeling Using Fuzzy Logic Type 2 – Particle Swarm Optimization

Multi-robot is a robotic system consisting of several robots that are interconnected and can communicate and collaborate with each other to complete a goal. With physical similarities, they have two controlled wheels and one free wheel that moves at the same speed. In this Problem, there is a main problem remaining in controlling the movement of the multi robot formation in searching the target. It occurs because the robots have to create dynamic geometric shapes towards the target. In its movement, it requires a control system in order to move the position as desired. For multi-robot movement formations, they have their own predetermined trajectories which are relatively constant in varying speeds and accelerations even in sudden stops. Based on these weaknesses, the robots must be able to avoid obstacles and reach the target. This research used Fuzzy Logic type 2 – Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm which was compared with Fuzzy Logic type 2 – Modified Particle Swarm Optimization and Fuzzy Logic type 2 – Dynamic Particle Swarm Optimization. Based on the experiments that had been carried out in each environment, it was found that Fuzzy Logic type 2 - Modified Particle Swarm Optimization had better iteration, time and resource and also smoother robot movement than Fuzzy Logic type 2 – Particle Swarm Optimization and Fuzzy Logic Type 2 - Dynamic Particle Swarm Optimization.
Extracting the orbital axis from gravitational waves of precessing binary systems

We present a new method for extracting the instantaneous orbital axis only from gravitational wave strains of precessing binary systems observed from a particular observer direction. This method enables us to reconstruct the co-precessing frame waveforms only from observed quantities for the ideal case that the signal-to-noise ratio is high enough to analyze the waveforms directly. Specifically, we do not assume knowledge of the time evolution of the instantaneous orbital axis and the co-precessing waveforms before analyzing the data in our method. We test and measure the accuracy of our method using the numerical relativity simulation data of precessing binary black holes taken from the SXS Catalog. We show that the direction of the orbital axis is extracted within $\approx0.02~{\rm rad}$ error from gravitational waves emitted during the inspiral phase. The co-precessing waveforms are also reconstructed with high accuracy; the mismatch (assuming white noise) between them and the original co-precessing waveforms is typically a few times $10^{-3}$ including the merger-ringdown phase, and can be improved by an order of magnitude focusing only on the inspiral waveform. In this method, the co-precessing frame waveforms are not only the purely technical tools for understanding the complex nature of precessing waveforms but also direct observables.
Electroporation in Clinical Applications—The Potential of Gene Electrotransfer and Electrochemotherapy

Electroporation (EP) allows for the transport of molecules into the cytoplasm with significant effectiveness by forming transient pores in the cell membrane using electric pulses. This can be used for cellular transport (RE—reversible electroporation) or ablation (IRE—irreversible electroporation). The first of described options fortifies medicine with novel possibilities: electrochemotherapy (ECT), which creates promising perspectives for cancer treatment, and gene electrotransfer (GET), a powerful method of DNA delivery as well as immunogen electrotransfer. The review constitutes a comprehensive explanation of the mechanism of EP in the case of GET, its present and prospective employment in medicine, including gene delivery, vaccinations, therapy, and transfection, are also presented.
Role of Corporate Governance to Restrict Tunneling Activities of Foreign Institutional Investors in the Pakistan Stock Market

ABSTRACT The research objective is to determine the curvilinear influence of trading of foreign institutional investors (FIIs) on the extent of tunneling, while corporate governance moderates this relationship. Data was gathered from 50 non-financial firms for 11 years (2009 to 2019) from the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan. The generalized method of moments (GMM) was applied and results supported the objectives of this study. Involvement of FIIs may contribute to the enhancement of market discipline but may also create problems. Thus, policymakers require protecting the rights of minor shareholders against adverse influence.
Harmonic Summing Improves Pulsar Detection Sensitivity: A Probability Analysis

The practical application of the harmonic summing technique in the power-spectrum analysis for searching pulsars has exhibited the technique’s effectiveness. In this paper, theoretical verification of harmonic summing considering power’s noise-signal probability distribution is given. With the top-hat and the modified von Mises pulse profile models, contours along which spectra total power is expected to exceed the 3σ detection threshold with 0.999 confidence corresponding to m = 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 harmonics summed are given with respect to the mean pulse amplitude and the pulse duty cycle. Optimized numbers of harmonics summed relative to the duty cycles are given. The routine presented builds a theoretical estimate of the minimum detectable mean flux density, i.e., sensitivity, under the power-spectrum searching method.
Phonon quantum nondemolition measurements in nonlinearly coupled optomechanical cavities

In the field of cavity optomechanics, proposals for quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements of phonon number provide a promising avenue by which one can study the quantum nature of nanoscale mechanical resonators. Here, we investigate these QND measurements for an optomechanical system whereby quadratic coupling arises due to shared symmetries between a single optical resonance and a mechanical mode. We establish a relaxed limit on the amount of linear coupling that can exist in this type of system while still allowing for a QND measurement of Fock states. This new condition enables optomechanical QND measurements, which can be used to probe the decoherence of mesoscopic mechanical Fock states, providing an experimental testbed for quantum collapse theories.
Eigenfunctions of the curl operator via the method of adjoint operators

ABSTHACT, The (li\'prgenn'less ('igCllfllllctioJls ofthc ('111'1 operator iJI sphcrical, circular eylindrical. parabolic cylindrical ano plliptic cylindricnl coordinates are oi>tainC'd by Ilwans of the III('t1l0d of adjoint 0IH'J'(ttors. In e<le\¡ casC'. tlH' eigC'llflllletions of the cur! ol)('rator arC' ('xprC'sspd in tC'rms of a single sealar pO«lutial tliat satb. ;fips the IIplill! IOJtZ (l<¡uatiOIl.
Trinity: A unified treatment of turbulence, transport, and heating in magnetized plasmas

To faithfully simulate ITER and other modern fusion devices, one must resolve electron and ion fluctuation scales in a five-dimensional phase space and time. Simultaneously, one must account for the interaction of this turbulence with the slow evolution of the large-scale plasma profiles. Because of the enormous range of scales involved and the high dimensionality of the problem, resolved first-principles global simulations are very challenging using conventional (brute force) techniques. In this thesis, the problem of resolving turbulence is addressed by developing velocity space resolution diagnostics and an adaptive collisionality that allow for the confident simulation of velocity space dynamics using the approximate minimal necessary dissipation. With regard to the wide range of scales, a new approach has been developed in which turbulence calculations from multiple gyrokinetic flux tube simulations are coupled together using transport equations to obtain self-consistent, steady-state background profiles and corresponding turbulent fluxes and heating. This approach is embodied in a new code, Trinity, which is capable of evolving equilibrium profiles for multiple species, including electromagnetic effects and realistic magnetic geometry, at a fraction of the cost of conventional global simulations. Furthermore, an advanced model physical collision operator for gyrokinetics has been derived and implemented, allowing for the study of collisional turbulent heating, which has not been extensively studied. To demonstrate the utility of the coupled flux tube approach, preliminary results from Trinity simulations of the core of an ITER plasma are presented.
A Telecommuting Experience Service Design Decision Model Based on BP Neural Network

Introduction The telecommuting experience and job performance have been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and job performance stability of telecommuting employees has become a critical concern. Objective A decision model for telecommuting experience service design was constructed based on a backpropagation (BP) neural network to provide a theoretical basis for enterprises to evaluate telework performance and the psychological health of employees. Methods The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the core stakeholders. The grey relational analysis (GRA) method and the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) scale were used to measure the factors affecting employees’ telecommuting experience and job performance. A BP neural network relationship model of employees’ telecommuting experience was established to predict its impact on employees’ job performance. Results Based on the model prediction results, a service system map was created, and the potential to enhance the telework performance of employees was evaluated. Discussion It was concluded that the factors affecting the telecommuting experience were diverse, but emotions had the dominant influence. Significant positive correlations were found between emotional impact and temporal perception, execution difficulty, and communication barriers. Conclusion The proposed decision model for telecommuting experience service design accurately predicted the impact of telecommuting efficiency, providing an effective approach for innovative remote management.
An intercomparison of monthly surface air temperature on islands and proximate moorings across the tropical Indo-Pacific

Despite the importance and vulnerability of small island nations and their ecosystems, they frequently have insufficient observations to provide baseline or long-term perspectives on climate variability and change, and global model experiments rarely have the resolution to include them. Many studies in observational climatology, climate modeling, and paleoclimate thus depend to varying degrees on an approximation equating near-surface marine and terrestrial island climates, often with direct implications for island societies and resources. Here we investigate the validity of this approximation, and by extension the viability of offshore moorings to serve as proxies for island climate variability, by comparing monthly mean observations on a diverse set of 17 islands across the global tropics with those from ocean moorings proximate to each island. While some island-mooring pairs exhibit a mean offset in surface air temperature, these cannot be explained as a simple function of one parameter including distance from the mooring, station elevation, or island dimensions. Overall, the seasonal to interannual variability in near-surface climate at monthly time scales at meteorological stations on tropical islands is captured remarkably well by moorings positioned up to 1,000 km offshore.