Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The motion of a rough particle in a Stokes flow adjacent to a boundary

Results are presented of experimental investigations into the motion of a heavy sphere in a rotating cylinder which is completely filled with highly viscous fluid. For a given cylinder rotation rate, the sphere adopts a fixed position and rotates adjacent to the cylinder wall. For the case of a smooth sphere the motion is consistent with that predicted by a Stokes flow model. Artificially roughened spheres exhibit particle–boundary contact caused by impacts of surface asperities with the boundary for low cylinder surface speeds. For higher cylinder surface speeds the behaviour of the roughened spheres crosses smoothly from the particle–boundary contact regime to motion with hydrodynamically lubricated flow.
On error estimates of projection methods for Navier-Stokes equations: first-order schemes

In this paper projection methods (or fractional step methods) are studied in the semi-discretized form for the Navier–Stokes equations in a two- or three-dimensional bounded domain. Error estimates for the velocity and the pressure of the classical projection scheme are established via the energy method. A modified projection scheme which leads to improved error estimates is also proposed.
Search for Quantum Gravity with IceCube and High Energy Atmospheric Neutrinos

We present the expected sensitivity of an analysis that will use data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory to search for distortions in the energy or directional dependence of atmospheric neutrinos. Deviations in the energy and zenith angle distributions of atmospheric neutrinos due to Lorentz invariance violation or quantum decoherence could be a signature of quantum gravity in the neutrino sector. Additionally, a periodic variation as a function of right ascension is a possible consequence of a Lorentz-violating preferred frame. We use a likelihood method to constrain deviations in the energy and zenith angle distributions and a discrete Fourier transform method to constrain a directional asymmetry in right ascension. In the absence of new physics, the likelihood method can also constrain conventional and prompt atmospheric neutrino flux models. Results from a similar analysis using data from the AMANDA-II detector are also discussed.
Quantity commitment, production and subcontracting with bargaining

This paper considers a firm that can make products in-house but also can purchase from a unique qualified supplier. The firm contracts to buy a guaranteed minimum quantity from the supplier and the supplier and the firm then establish their respective production quantities. Once the firm realizes its demand, it may contact the supplier for further units beyond the committed quantity, and a renegotiation ensues. Of particular interest is the role that in-house production capabilities and post-demand negotiation power plays in determining how firms set prices and make production decisions. It is shown that “bargaining power” may actually hurt the buyer beyond a certain point as it may lead the supplier to underproduce. The situation for which suppliers would be willing to speculate and produce beyond the contracted quantities is explored. A four-stage, game-theoretic model is proposed to explore these issues and characterize the structure of optimal production levels, prices and commitment levels. Managerial insights on the effects of bargaining power, in-house capacity and production costs in such relationships are provided. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of IIE Transactions for the following free supplemental resource: Appendix. ]
AlGaInP light-emitting diodes with mirror substrates fabricated by wafer bonding

An AlGaInP light-emitting diode (LED) with a Au/AuBe/SiO2/Si mirror substrate has been fabricated using wafer bonding. The bonded mirror-substrate LED is capable of emitting luminous intensity of 90 and 205 mcd under 20 and 50 mA injection, respectively. The emission wavelength was found to be independent of the injection current. This feature is attributed to the Si substrate providing a good heat sink.
Modelling plane open-channel flows by coupled depth-averaged and RANS equations

Herein, a coupled depth-averaged (DA) and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) model is developed for steady plane open-channel flows with or without the assumption of hydrostatic pressure (HP). Initially, the water surface and the DA velocity are estimated using a DA model by neglecting non-uniform velocity (NUV) and non-HP (NHP). Then, in the RANS model, the horizontal momentum and the continuity equations are solved for the horizontal and vertical velocity components, respectively, with the water surface as a fixed zero-pressure boundary. For the non-hydrostatic RANS model, the pressure Poisson equation is solved for NHP. A correction term is introduced in the Reynolds horizontal momentum equation for mass balance. Once the RANS model results are available, the DA model results are updated iteratively by incorporating the effects of NUV and NHP. The agreement between the model and experimental data is quite satisfactory along with an excellent computational efficiency.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE PULSATING STAR SDSS J160043.6+074802.9 USING NEW NON-LTE MODEL ATMOSPHERES AND SPECTRA FOR HOT O SUBDWARFS

We first present our new grids of model atmospheres and spectra for hot subdwarf O (sdO) stars: standard non-LTE (NLTE) H+He models with no metals, NLTE line-blanketed models with C+N+O, and NLTE line-blanketed models with C+N+O+Fe. Using hydrogen and helium lines in the optical range, we make detailed comparisons between theoretical spectra of different grids in order to characterize the line-blanketing effects of metals. We find these effects to be dependent on both the effective temperature and the surface gravity. Moreover, we find that the helium abundance also influences in an important way the effects of line blanketing on the resulting spectra. We further find that the addition of Fe (solar abundance) leads only to incremental effects on the atmospheric structure as compared with the case where the metallicity is defined by C+N+O (solar abundances). We use our grids to perform fits on a 9 Å resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio (∼300 blueward of 5000 Å) optical spectrum of SDSS J160043.6+074802.9, the only known pulsating sdO star. Our best and most reliable result is based on the fit achieved with NLTE synthetic spectra that include C, N, O, and Fe in solar abundances, leading to the following parameters : Teff = 68,500 ± 1770 K, log g = 6.09 ± 0.07, and log N(He)/N(H) = −0.64 ± 0.05 (formal fitting errors only). This combination of parameters, particularly the comparatively high helium abundance, implies that line-blanketing effects due to metals are not very large in the atmosphere of this sdO star.
Nonlinear gyrofluid description of turbulent magnetized plasmas

Nonlinear gyrofluid equations are obtained from the gyrocenter‐fluid moments of the nonlinear gyrokinetic Vlasov equation, which describes an equilibrium magnetized nonuniform plasma perturbed by electromagnetic field fluctuations (δφ,δA∥,δB∥), whose space‐time scales satisfy the gyrokinetic ordering: ω≪Ωi, ‖k∥‖/k⊥≪1, and e⊥≡(k⊥ρi)2≂O(1). These low‐frequency (reduced) fluid equations contain terms of arbitrary order in e⊥ and take into account the nonuniformity in the equilibrium density and temperature of the ion and electron species, as well as the nonuniformity in the equilibrium magnetic field. From the gyrofluid equations, one can systematically derive nonlinear reduced fluid equations with finite‐Larmor‐radius (FLR) corrections, which contain linear and nonlinear terms of O(e⊥), by expressing the gyrocenter‐fluid moments appearing in the gyrofluid equations in terms of the particle‐fluid moments, and then keeping terms up to O(e⊥) in the e⊥ expansion of the gyrofluid equations. By using gyrocenter‐f.
Ephemerides of the outer Jovian satellites

The results of the determination of orbits for 54 outer satellites of Jupiter based on all available observations of these satellites are presented. The problem was solved using numerical integration method applied to the equations of satellite motion. After initial conditions of integration were refined, the residuals of observations from theory were obtained. Values of root-mean-square residuals for the eight satellites JVI-JXIII in right ascensions and declinations were found to be in the range 0.48 �� −0.67 �� . The same parameters for the new outer Jovian satellites are in the range 0.10 �� -0.46 �� . During the process of numerical integration of equations, the series based on the Chebychev polynomials for the satellite cordinates were defined. The series are used to calculate the apparent positions of satellites at the ephemerides. This ephemerides tool has broad capa- bilities including the possibility of obtaining residuals for a large series of user observations. The satellite motion model and numerical integration method adopted in this work were compared with the methods used at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. This comparison of the apparent positions of satellites has shown that the differences between the two models are not greater than 0.012 �� in a 100-year interval. The residuals of satellite observations are similar to those obtained at JPL.
A convergent adaptive algorithm for Poisson's equation

We construct a converging adaptive algorithm for linear elements applied to Poisson’s equation in two space dimensions. Starting from a macro triangulation, we describe how to construct an initial triangulation from a priori information. Then we use a posteriors error estimators to get a sequence of refined triangulation and approximate solutions. It is proved that the error, measured in the energy norm, decreases at a constant rate in each step until a prescribed error bound is reached. Extension to higher-order elements in two space dimension and numerical results are included.
Machine fault signature analysis by midpoint-based empirical mode decomposition

The fault signature can be revealed by vibration analysis in machine fault detection and diagnosis. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a self-adaptive method that can decompose a vibration signal into informative intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). This paper addresses the improvement of the weakness of the traditional EMD algorithm and presents a new midpoint-based EMD method for effective fault signature analysis of a rotating machine. In the proposed method, geometrical midpoints of successive extrema are employed to estimate the local mean of an analyzed signal. Signal decomposition is then self-adaptively performed to achieve IMFs through removal of the midpoint-based local means. The representative IMF containing fault information is selected for identifying the fault signature. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by means of simulation and an application to gear fault diagnosis. Results indicated that the midpoint-based EMD is valuable in improving fault signature analysis of the rotating machine in comparison with the traditional EMD method.
Energy Transfer between Localized Electronic States —From Non-Adiabatic to Adiabatic Hopping Limits—

A thermally-activated transition rate W between two localized electronic states is given which bridges the adiabatic limit, where the two states are mixed well at the activated lattice configuration, and the non-adiabatic limit, where they are not even there. Frequency dispersion of lattice vibrations is fully incorporated which is important to assure irreversibility of the system. Basic quantities are the interaction. energy J between the two states and the average amplitude D and velocity \(\overline{v}\) of thermal fluctuations of the energy difference between adiabatic potentials associated with these states. The semiclassical condition \(D{\ll}\hbar\overline{\omega}\) is assumed with \(\overline{\omega}{\equiv}\overline{v}/D\). The pre-exponential factor of W is given as a function of \(\gamma{\equiv}\pi J^{2}/(\hbar\overline{v})\) which determines the adiabatic limit for γ≫1 and the non-adiabatic limit for γ≪1. The attempt frequency in W is given by \(\overline{\omega}/2\pi\) which is written as an .
Sdudy on Fault Analysis Method of Optical Transmission Network Based on Deep Learning

: In order to ensure the efficient and stable operation of optical transmission network, timely and efficient fault diagnosis is very necessary. This paper studies the fault analysis method of optical transmission network based on deep learning, and summarizes the fault analysis method and research status of optical transmission network based on deep learning from two aspects of deep learning and fault diagnosis, for your reference.
Fast wave heating of two-ion plasmas in the Princeton large torus through minority cyclotron resonance damping

Strong minority proton heating is produced in PLT through ion cyclotron resonance damping of fast waves at moderate rf power levels. In addition to demonstrating good proton confinement, the proton energy distribution is consistent with Fokker--Planck theory which provides the prescription for extrapolation of this heating regime to higher rf power levels.
Visualization and PIV measurements of high-speed flows and other phenomena with novel ultrahigh-speed CCD camera

An ultra-high-speed camera system operating at up to 1 MHz is presented using a diode-pumped solid state laser at 532 nm operating between 1 and 100 kHz. Images are taken with a high-resolution high-speed CCD-camera capable of recording 4 or 16 images up to 1280 x 1024 pixel at a frame-rate of up to 1 MHz. The system can be used for various high-speed visulalization purposes. A turbulent air flow at velocities of a few m/s was recorded and PIV vector fields computed. From consecutive vector fields the local acceleration field was derived. Gasoline direct injection sprays were recorded at up to 80 kHz frame rate.
Predictive Control of Structures

Different continuous‐time approaches have been proposed in recent years to formulate active control algorithms to reduce the response of civil engineering structures under dynamic excitations. In this paper, a general formulation of a new discrete‐time control methodology is presented and applied to structural control. This methodology, based on the concept of predictive control, is discussed and compared to the optimal control methodology by means of numerical examples.
Continuity and location of zeros of linear combinations of polynomials

1. Introduction. It is well known (see Marden [l, p. 3], Specht [4, p. 13], Ostrowski [2]) that the zeros of a polynomial Yo a*z* vary continuously when all its coefficients, with the exception of an, are varied continuously. The reason for this exception is that the situation is altered when the leading coefficient an takes the value 0. Theorem 1 is a formulation of a continuity principle where the leading coefficients are allowed to vanish and Theorems 3 and 4 apply this principle to the location of zeros of linear combinations of two polynomials. Theorem 4 improves on a recent result of Rubinstein [3]. Theorems 6 and 7 specify disks containing the zeros of a linear combination of a finite number of polynomials whose zeros lie in pre
Approximate analytical solution of the Dirac equation with q-deformed hyperbolic Pöschl–Teller potential and trigonometric Scarf II non-central potential

An approximate solution of the Dirac equation for a spin-1/2 particle under the influence of q-deformed hyperbolic Pöschl–Teller potential combined with trigonometric Scarf II non-central potential is studied analytically. It is assumed that the scalar potential equals the vector potential in order to obtain analytical solutions. Both radial and angular parts of the Dirac equation are solved using the Nikiforov–Uvarov method. A relativistic energy spectrum and the relation between quantum numbers can be obtained using this method. Several quantum wave functions corresponding to several states are also presented in terms of the Jacobi Polynomials.
Triggered Star Formation in the W5 H II Region

Young, massive stars can have a profound effect on the surrounding interstellar medium. The triggering of star formation by an H II region expanding into nearby molecular material is an example of this type of interaction. This paper presents a multiwavelength study of the W5 star-forming region investigating the possibility of triggered star formation. The ionizing sources and the morphologies of the ionized and molecular gas and the dust are examined. A population of YSOs is identified. Statistical evidence for triggering of these YSOs is discussed in terms of the spatial dependence of the star formation efficiency and the clustering and correlation of the YSO sources with respect to the molecular gas and the H II region. Evidence for direct interactions between the components is discussed, on both large scales and the scale of individual objects. Timescales for the expansion of the H II region, triggering processes, and the ages of the YSOs are compared to establish a plausible sequence of events.
Fast video shot boundary detection framework employing pre-processing techniques

Video shot boundary detection is the initial and fundamental step towards video indexing, browsing and retrieval. Great efforts have been paid on developing accurate shot boundary detection algorithms. However, the high computational cost in shot detection becomes a bottleneck for real-time applications. The problem of making a balance between detection accuracy and speed is addressed in this paper, and a novel fast detection framework is presented. The general framework that employs pre-processing techniques can improve both detection speed and precision. In the pre-processing stage, adaptive local thresholding is adopted to classify non-boundary segments and candidate segments that may contain shot boundaries. The candidate segments are refined using bisection-based comparisons to eliminate non-boundary frames. Only refined candidate segments are preserved for further detections; hence, the speed of shot detection is improved by reducing detection scope. Moreover, prior knowledge about each possible shot boundary such as its type and duration can be obtained in the pre-processing stage, which can accelerate the consequent hard cut and gradual transition detections. Experimental results indicate that the proposed framework is effective in accelerating the shot detection process, and it can also achieve excellent detection accuracies.
A proposal for the intercomparison of the dynamical cores of atmospheric general circulation models

Abstract A benchmark calculation is proposed for evaluating the dynamical cores of atmospheric general circulation models independently of the physical parameterizations. The test focuses on the long-term statistical properties of a fully developed general circulation; thus, it is particularly appropriate for intercomparing the dynamics used in climate models. To illustrate the use of this benchmark, two very different atmospheric dynamical cores—one spectral, one finite difference—are compared. It is found that the long-term statistics produced by the two models are very similar. Selected results from these calculations are presented to initiate the intercomparison.
OPTICAL AND INFRARED OBSERVATIONS OF TWO MAGNETIC INTERACTING BINARIES: TAU 4 (RXJ0502.8+1624) & SDSS J121209.31+013627.7

We present new optical photometric and spectroscopic observations and K-band spectroscopy of two magnetic interacting binaries: Tau 4 (RXJ0502.8+1624) and SDSS J121209.31+013627.7. Tau 4 shows short-term, highly modulated optical light but no orbital period is firmly detected. K-band spectroscopy shows H and He i emission and reveals a remarkable phase-resolved dataset. We detect clear evidence for cyclotron humps in the K-band implying a magnetic white dwarf with B ∼ 7–11 MG and confirming Tau 4 as a magnetic binary. A short self eclipse by the gas stream is evident as the spectrum changes from emission to absorption and back within a few minutes. None of our K-band spectra of Tau 4 appear similar to the previously reported observation. Optical spectroscopy of SDSS J121209.31+013627.7 in 2007 May and June shows Zeeman-split Balmer absorption lines as previously noted in the literature but only weak, sporadic Hα emission compared to past data. However, stronger Hα emission returned in 2008 February, looking similar to that previously detected in 2006. The variable nature of this emission line makes irradiation from the white dwarf an unlikely cause of the Hα emission in J1212. The nature of J1212 is reminiscent of that observed in its near twin, EF Eri.
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

Composers rely on implicit knowledge of instrument timbres to achieve certain effects in orchestration. In the context of perceptual blending between orchestral timbres, holistic acoustical descriptions of instrument-specific traits can assist in the selection of suitable instrument combinations. The chosen mode of description utilizes spectral-envelope estimates that are acquired as pitch-invariant descriptions of instruments at different dynamic markings. Prominent local spectral-envelope traits, such as spectral maxima or formants, have been shown to influence timbre blending, involving frequency relationships between local spectral features, their prominence as formants, and constraints imposed by the human auditory system. We present computational approaches to predict timbre blend that are based on these factors and explain around 85% of the variance in behavioral timbre-blend data. Multiple linear regression is employed in modeling a range of behavioral data acquired in different experimental investigations. These include parametric investigations of formant frequency and magnitude relationships as well as arbitrary combinations of recorded instrument audio samples in dyads or triads. The cataloguing of generalized acoustical descriptions of instruments and associated timbre-blend predictions for various instrument combinations could serve as a valuable aid to orchestration practice in the future.
Reproducibility of aortic pulsatility measurements from ECG-gated abdominal CTA in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms

Purpose: ECG-gated abdominal CT angiography with reconstruction of multiple, temporally overlapping CT angiography datasets has been proposed for measuring aortic pulsatility. The purpose of this work is to develop algorithms to segment the aorta from surrounding structures from CTA datasets across cardiac phases, calculate registered centerlines and measurements of regional aortic pulsatility in patients with AAA, and to assess the reproducibility of these measurements. Methods: ECG-gated CTA was performed with a temporal resolution of 165 ms, reconstructed to 1 mm slices ranging at 14 cardiac phase points. Data sets were obtained from 17 patients on which two such scans were performed 6 to 12 months apart. Automated segmentation, centerline generation, and registration of centerlines between phases was performed, followed by calculation of cross-sectional areas and regional and local pulsatility. Results: Pulsatility calculations for the supraceliac region were very reproducible between earlier and later scans of the same patient, with average differences less than 1% for pulsatility values ranging from 2% to 13%. Local radial pulsatilities were also reproducible to within ~1%. Aneurysm volume changes between scans can also be quantified. Conclusion: Automated segmentation, centerline generation, and registration of temporally resolved CTA datasets permit measurements of regional changes in cross-sectional area over the course of the cardiac cycle (i.e., regional aortic pulsatility). These measurements are reproducible between scans 6-12 months apart, with differences in aortic areas reflecting both aneurysm remodeling and changes in blood pressure. Regional pulsatilities ranged from 2 to 13% but were reproducible at the 1% level.