Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Ontology for Traffic Flow Management

The Next Generation Air Transportation System (NGATS) project is a multi-faceted research effort to address issues with the National Airspace System. One such facet is the area of Collaborative Traffic Flow Management (CTFM), which intends to increase both the efficiency of the National Airspace System and the satisfaction level of the airlines.
WORKING PAPER 2928 Growth Without Governance

It is well known that there is a strong positive correlation Governance. " They document this evidence using a between per capita incomes and the quality of newly updated set of worldwide governance-indicators governance across countries. Kaufmann and Kraay covering 175 countries for the period 2000-01, and use propose an empirical strategy that allows separation of the results to interpret the relationship between incomes this correlation into (1) a strong positive causal effect and governance focusing on the Latin America and running from better governance to higher per capita Caribbean region-within a worldwide empirical incomes, and, perhaps surprisingly at first, (2) a weak context. Finally, the authors speculate about the and even negative causal effect running in the opposite potential importance of elite influence and state capture direction from per capita incomes to governance. in accounting for the surprising negative effects of per The first result confirms existing evidence on the capita incomes on governance, present some evidence on importance of good governance for economic such capture in some Latin American countries, and development. The second result is new and suggests the suggest priorities for actions to improve governance absence of a "virtuous circle" in which higher incomes when such pernicious elite influence shapes public lead to further improvements in governance. This policy. motivates the authors' choice of title, "Growth Without This paper-a joint product of the World Bank Institute and the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the Bank to generate and analyze worldwide governance indicators, assessing the manifestations and consequences of governance. The full governance indicators dataset is available interactively at http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance/ govdata2001.htm. Copies of this paper are available free from the World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433. Please contact Kevin Morgan, room J3-273, telephone 202-473-7798, fax 202-676-9874, email address kmorgan@worldbank.org. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://econ.worldbank.org. The authors may be contacted at dkaufmann@worldbank.org or akraay@worldbank.org. November 2002. (50 pages) The Policy Research Working Paper Senes disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about developmient issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the view of the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or the countries they represent. Produced by the Research Advisory Staff Growth without Governance
Diet Composition of Two Temperate Calcareous Sponges: Leucosolenia echinata and Leucetta sp. from the Wellington South Coast, New Zealand

Sponges are an important component of benthic ecosystems in New Zealand, and as suspension feeders they can process large volumes of water meaning that their interaction with the water column is likely to be of great importance. Our research focuses on the functional role of sponges as suspension feeders in temperate rocky subtidal ecosystems on the Wellington South Coast, New Zealand. We investigated the diet composition of two common species of calcareous sponges (Leucosolenia echinata and Leucetta sp.) by identifying and quantifying food particles from water samples using flow cytometry, and estimating the removal efficiency for these species. The natural diet of both species included heterotrophic bacteria, Prochlorococcus sp. and Synechococcus sp. , similar to that previously reported for demosponges. We found significant differences in the number of picoplanktonic organisms present between ambient and exhalent water for both study species. Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus were removed with the highest efficiency irrespective of sponge species (52-57%). Both species had similar overall removal efficiencies, but we detected significant differences in the removal rates of the three types of bacteria in each species. Our study is the first to investigate the natural diet of calcareous sponges in temperate rocky subtidal reefs using flow cytometry and we provide evidence for differences in the diets of calcareous sponges and demosponges.
Spectroscopic Characterization of a Green Copper Site in a Single-Domain Cupredoxin

Cupredoxins are widespread copper-binding proteins, mainly involved in electron transfer pathways. They display a typical rigid greek key motif consisting of an eight stranded β-sandwich. A fascinating feature of cupredoxins is the natural diversity of their copper center geometry. These geometry variations give rise to drastic changes in their color, such as blue, green, red or purple. Based on several spectroscopic and structural analyses, a connection between the geometry of their copper-binding site and their color has been proposed. However, little is known about the relationship between such diversity of copper center geometry in cupredoxins and possible implications for function. This has been difficult to assess, as only a few naturally occurring green and red copper sites have been described so far. We report herein the spectrocopic characterization of a novel kind of single domain cupredoxin of green color, involved in a respiratory pathway of the acidophilic organism Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Biochemical and spectroscopic characterization coupled to bioinformatics analysis reveal the existence of some unusual features for this novel member of the green cupredoxin sub-family. This protein has the highest redox potential reported to date for a green-type cupredoxin. It has a constrained green copper site insensitive to pH or temperature variations. It is a green-type cupredoxin found for the first time in a respiratory pathway. These unique properties might be explained by a region of unknown function never found in other cupredoxins, and by an unusual length of the loop between the second and the fourth copper ligands. These discoveries will impact our knowledge on non-engineered green copper sites, whose involvement in respiratory chains seems more widespread than initially thought.
Analysis of Low Profile UHF RFID Tag Antennas and Performance Evaluation in Presence of a Metallic Surface

Passive UHF RFID systems have drawn considerable attention because these can provide a long reading range, high data rate and small antenna size. However, a passive UHF RFID system has challenges in tagging a metallic object due to the effects of conducting materials on the tag antenna performance. This paper proposes two widely used label-type antennas: folded dipole antenna and meandered dipole antenna to optimise design parameters such as impedance matching, feeding techniques, size-reduction, bandwidth etc. The proposed low profile antennas can operate at 866 MHz which is suitable for the UK and Europe UHF RFID frequency band. The paper also presents an investigation and analysis of the effects of a metallic surface on the performance of the proposed dipole tag antennas. It studies the effects of distance between the metal and the tag, thicknesses of the metallic plate and antenna substrate. The performance is evaluated in terms of return loss, shift in resonance frequency and bandwidth. The simulation results show that when the tag antennas are mounted closer to a metallic surface, the return loss of the tag antennas is significantly increased and the resonance frequency is also shifted from the desired operating frequency. Although the size is reduced, these antennas might not be good choices for tagging metallic objects. An antenna that uses metallic surface as the ground plane e.g. Micro-strip patch antenna and planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) might be a possible solution in this case.
An Equalized Global Graph Model-Based Approach for Multicamera Object Tracking

Nonoverlapping multicamera visual object tracking typically consists of two steps: single-camera object tracking (SCT) and inter-camera object tracking (ICT). Most of tracking methods focus on SCT, which happens in the same scene, while for real surveillance scenes, ICT is needed and single-camera tracking methods cannot work effectively. In this paper, we try to improve the overall multicamera object tracking performance by a global graph model with an improved similarity metric. Our method treats the similarities of single-camera tracking and inter-camera tracking differently and obtains the optimization in a global graph model. The results show that our method can work better even in the condition of poor SCT.
Distributed Data Processing Frameworks for Big Graph Data

Recently we create so much data (2.5 quintillion bytes every day) that 90% of the data in the world today has been created in the last two years alone [1]. This data comes from sensors used to gather traffic or climate information, posts to social media sites, photos, videos, emails, purchase transaction records, call logs of cellular networks, etc. This data is big data. In this report, we first briefly discuss what programming models are used for big data processing, and focus on graph data and do a survey study about what programming models/frameworks are used to solve graph problems at very large-scale. In section 2, we introduce the programming models which are not specifically designed to handle graph data but we include them in this survey because we believe these are important frameworks and/or there have been studies to customize them for more efficient graph processing. In section 3, we discuss some techniques that yield up to 1340 times speedup for some certain graph problems when applied to Hadoop. In section 4, we discuss vertex-based programming model which is simply designed to process large graphs and the frameworks adapting it. In section 5, we implement two of the fundamental graph algorithms (Page Rank and Weight Bipartite Matching), and run them on a single node as the baseline approach to see how fast they are for large datasets and whether it is worth to partition them.
Micromixers—a review

This review reports the progress on the recent development of micromixers. The review first presents the different micromixer types and designs. Micromixers in this review are categorized as passive micromixers and active micromixers. Due to the simple fabrication technology and the easy implementation in a complex microfluidic system, passive micromixers will be the focus of this review. Next, the review discusses the operation points of the micromixers based on characteristic dimensionless numbers such as Reynolds number Re, Peclet number Pe, and in dynamic cases the Strouhal number St. The fabrication technologies for different mixer types are also analysed. Quantification techniques for evaluation of the performance of micromixers are discussed. Finally, the review addresses typical applications of micromixers.
The flow of on-line information in global networks

One of the most eﬀective early metaphors for on-line information was to think of the Web as an enormous universal library, with search tools crawling and indexing the content, and users issuing queries based on their information needs. In the past several years, this metaphor has been supplemented by an alternate and equally powerful view — a view that underpins the discovery and sharing of content via blogs, messaging, and Twitter — in which information reaches us continuously in small increments from real-time sources, conveyed largely through our social networks. Here we focus on this real-time view of on-line information, asking what types of principles are most relevant for designing and analyzing applications in this context. To understand the dynamics of real-time information, we need ways of reasoning about how information moves between people through social networks. We also need to think about the small fragments of information themselves — the links, references, and bits of text that travel through these networks, periodically mutating and combining with each other as they travel. We illustrate these issues by focusing on several recent lines of work. The ease with which information can travel from person to person is based in part on underlying mechanisms of social inﬂuence [10, 22, 23], by which individuals have an increased likelihood of engaging in a behavior when their neighbors in a social network are doing so. More ∗ Supported
An Improved Kalman Filtering Algorithm for Moving Contact Detecting and Tracking

Based on the optical touch platform, this research firstly analyzes the principle of contact detecting and puts forward a method for single contact identifying and positioning. Secondly, facing the problems such as the disconnection often occurring in the process of user's fast lineation by the traditional contact positioning method, we have introduced the Kalman filtering algorithm for tracking the contact movement and have improved the model of the contact moving system to increase the dimensionality of the moving system state. The simulation test result on the OpenCV Platform has shown that the improved Kalman filtering algorithm can effectively enhance the tracking effect of the moving contact.
Antibodies against human influenza viruses in sentinel duck flocks in the ornithological reserve Kopački rit in Croatia.

Direct transmission of avian influenza viruses to humans has been confirmed and ever since it has been the main topic of influenza virus research. The opposite form of virus transmission is still unclear. In our study we used duck flocks as sentinels for surveillance of wild birds for influenza viruses and the possibility of bird infections with human influenza A viruses. Tested sera were collected from ducks in a free breeding system on a fish pond in the ornithological reserve Kopacki rit (Croatia). Ducks were bred in an isolated unit for the first three weeks, and this was followed by four weeks breeding on the fish pond without contact with humans. Sera were tested by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test using human influenza viruses A/New Caledonia/20/99/ VR-116 (H1N1), A/Panama/2007/99 (RESVIR - 17) (H3N2), B/Hong Kong/330/01 and B/Sichuana/379/99 as antigens. To determine the time of infection, sera were collected twice during the period of isolation (day 0 and day 21) and at the end of breeding (day 49). Sera collected during the period of isolation were negative to influenza A and influenza B viruses. The high titer of influenza A specifific antibodies in the serum samples at the end of breeding confirmed infection during exposure on the fish pond. As ducks on the fish pond had no contact with humans and were only in close contact with wild migratory birds these results confirmed that wild migratory birds were a source of infection and present a reservoir of influenza viruses. Very high seroprevalence in sentinel ducks with a high HI titers in some animals was determined at the end of breeding. The results of this study indicate that sentinel ducks were infected with influenza A virus strains closely related to the human strains used as an antigen. Also this study confirmed that sentinel ducks could be successfully used in influenza monitoring in wild birds.
Scenarios for 5G networks: The COHERENT approach

Efficient coordination among network elements and optimal resource utilization in heterogeneous mobile networks (HMNs) is a key factor for the success of future 5G systems. The COHERENT project focuses on developing an innovative programmable control and coordination framework which is aware of the underlying network topology, radio environment and traffic conditions, and can efficiently coordinate available spectrum resources. In this paper, we provide a set of scenarios and use cases that the COHERENT project intends to address.
Student Teacher Exit Portfolios: Is It an Appropriate Measure and a Unique Contribution Toward the Assessment of Highly Qualified Teacher Candidates?

Title of Dissertation: STUDENT TEACHER EXIT PORTFOLIOS: IS IT AN APPROPRIATE MEASURE AND A UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION TOWARD THE ASSESSMENT OF HIGHLY QUALIFIED TEACHER CANDIDATES? Leslie Ann Jackson Simpson, Doctor of Philosophy, 2004 Dissertation directed by: Dr. James Dudley Professor Emeritus, College of Education Department of Education Policy and Administration The student teacher portfolio, at the forefront of teacher education assessment issues during the past decade, was the topic of this study. The teacher education community has moved beyond the initial concerns about defining a teacher portfolio, identifying appropriate contents of a teacher portfolio, and determining the place of portfolios in a program's assessment system. The teacher education community is now concerned about whether the student teacher exit portfolio is an appropriate measurement of all teacher candidates and contributes possibly unique information to the assessment of the competency of teacher candidates. This study investigated the possible influence of the demographic factors of gender, age, and certification levels of the teacher candidates on the assessment outcomes of student teacher exit portfolios. It also compared the outcomes of traditionally accepted assessments (student teaching grade, Praxis I tests, Praxis II tests, and overall grade point average) with the outcomes of the exit portfolio assessment. This was an ex-post facto study, based upon existing data collected about each teacher candidate (n=76), with no treatment afforded the teacher candidates as part of the study. Two conclusions were drawn from the findings of this study. First, the demographic factors of gender, age, and choice of certification level of the teacher candidates did not appear to influence the outcomes of the exit portfolio. The teacher candidates noted that they valued the portfolio process. Because of these two findings, the exit portfolio was deemed to be an appropriate assessment tool at this institution. Second, the exit portfolio results, compared with the four other assessments, did not indicate correlational statistics of a predictive quality. Therefore, the exit portfolio was considered to contribute information not offered by the other more traditional assessments of the competencies of teacher candidates. STUDENT TEACHER EXIT PORTFOLIOS: IS IT AN APPROPRIATE MEASURE AND A UNIQUE CONTRIBUTION TOWARD THE ASSESSMENT OF HIGHLY QUALIFIED TEACHER
Enhanced semantic web layered architecture model

This paper introduces the traditional web and its limitations, and how these limitations can be overcome by putting the lights on a new interesting approach for the web which is the Semantic Web. The most common technologies that can be used to construct such smart web are discussed briefly, and then its current layered architecture models as proposed by Tim Berners-Lee and others are evaluated to alleviate discrepancies and weak points. An enhanced architecture obeying layered architecture evaluation criteria and standard principles is proposed. This enhanced model is evaluated and contrasted against other models.
Deploying an Application on the Cloud

Cloud Computing, the impending need of computing as an optimal utility, has the potential to take a gigantic leap in the IT industry, is structured and put to optimal use with regard to the contemporary trends. Developers with innovative ideas need not be apprehensive about non utility of costly resources for the service which does not cater to the need and anticipations. Cloud Computing is like a panacea to overcome the hurdles. It promises to increase the velocity with which the applications are deployed, increased creativity, innovation, lowers cost all the while increasing business acumen. It calls for less investment and a harvest of benefits. The end-users only pay for the amount of resources they use and can easily scale up as their needs grow. Service providers, on the other hand, can utilize virtualization technology to increase hardware utilization and simplify management. People want to move large scale grid computations that they used to run on traditional clusters into centrally managed environment, pay for use and be done with it . This paper deals at length with regard to the cloud, cloud computing and its myriad applications.
A system developed for automatic extraction and categorization of telecommunication literatures for a question answering system

In this paper, we will propose a system to extract text documents from web and categorize them for the domain of Telecommunications for further use in TeLQAS, which is an ontology-based natural language question answering system for the domain of Telecommunication Technologies. While, in an online process, TeLQAS accepts the users’ questions in English, retrieves the related text documents from either its local database or web, and finally summarizes the retrieved text documents with the highest relevance, here, we propose a complementary system, which works in an offline process and is responsible for extracting the related text documents automatically from the collections on the web and categorizing them using a beneficial text categorization mechanism based on the concepts in the system ontology. By now, we have developed a prototype for the proposed system in the domain of Optical Telecommunication. The experimental results show an increase in the performance of TeLQAS regarding this new offline process.
IBM France La Gaude Laboratory Contributions to Telecommunications: Part 2

IBM France's La Gaude Laboratory worked at the intersection of computing and electronic communications for more than 40 years. Its research led to specific technical contributions such as voice encoding, trellis-coded modulation, and many others. Part 2 of this two-part article discusses in detail the contributions, inventions, and concepts that were, at the time, landmarks in the state of the art, from the creation of the laboratory in 1959 through the early 1990s.
Euclidean ART Neural Networks

Neural networks are known for their ability to cluster input vectors (patterns) into categories (neurons) based on a neighborhood of similarity between two or more patterns and how big the radius of similarity to bet set by the network user. Fuzzy ART neural networks are examples of such systems where normalized input patterns are clustered into categories. It has been proven however that fuzzy ART networks show a disorder in their clustering performance especially when they are trained to learn noisy patterns. While Fuzzy ART networks employ the fuzzy AND neighborhood to determine the pattern pertinence and category learning, Euclidean ART networks employ the Euclidean neighborhood to decide the said pertinence and patterns mean value for category training. Euclidean ART neural network or better known as EART is trained according to a certain algorithm that calculates the Euclidean distance and decides to whether include a new pattern in an already existing category (cluster) and update its position in the clustering map, or consider it as a new category if it is far enough from all of the existing categories. The abovementioned algorithm is tested in clustering patterns of certain distribution in the plane. Clustering results were collected for both fuzzy and Euclidean ART network for comparison purposes and both of the networks were retrained to learn noisy patterns in order to test their performance against noise.