Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
D Semantic Trajectory Reconstruction from 3 D Pixel Continuum

This paper presents a method to reconstruct dense semantic trajectory stream of human interactions in 3D from synchronized multiple videos. The interactions inherently introduce self-occlusion and illumination/appearance/shape changes, resulting in highly fragmented trajectory reconstruction with noisy and coarse semantic labels. Our conjecture is that among many views, there exists a set of views that can confidently recognize the visual semantic label of a 3D trajectory. We introduce a new representation called 3D semantic map—a probability distribution over the semantic labels per trajectory. We construct the 3D semantic map by reasoning about visibility and 2D recognition confidence based on view-pooling, i.e., finding the view that best represents the semantics of the trajectory. Using the 3D semantic map, we precisely infer all trajectory labels jointly by considering the affinity between long range trajectories via estimating their local rigid transformations. This inference quantitatively outperforms the baseline approaches in terms of predictive validity, representation robustness, and affinity effectiveness. We demonstrate that our algorithm can robustly compute the semantic labels of a large scale trajectory set involving realworld human interactions with object, scenes, and people.
CONTACT FORCE DEPENDENCE ON RELATIVE HUMIDITY : INVESTIGATIONS USING ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY

This paper deals with the ability of scanning force microscopy to determine contact forces of various materials. Indeed, with high spring constants at low relative humidity, the nature of the material can be determined by measurement of the contact force as the tip approaches. Cantilevers with a high spring constant are used to achieve solid-solid contact for the tip-sample system. The capillary force estimation provides information on the development of the height of the water meniscus formed between the tip and different surfaces depending on the relative humidity . Finally, we focus our attention on measurements of moduli of elasticity which vary with the physico-chemical processes (precipitation, dissolution, water intercalation, dehydration) instigated by the variation in humidity. All experiments were conducted on various surfaces: more extensively on gypsum, but also on calcite, mica, graphite, brucite, aluminum, silver and glass .
Biocompatibility and sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine as root-end filling material: A systematic review

Introduction: This systematic review intended to compare the biocompatibility and sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and biodentine as root-end filling material. Materials and Methods: A computerized literature search was performed on March 1, 2016, in MEDLINE, PubMed, and COCHRANE LIBRARY for data published from January 2011 to March 2016. Quality assessment of the selected studies was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines, 2009. Results: A total of 12 in vitro studies were included in this review. Of these, four studies compared the biocompatibility and eight compared the sealing ability. With regard to biocompatibility, two articles showed biodentine to be better and two showed comparable results, while in the case of sealing ability, one article showed MTA to be better, six articles showed biodentine to be better, and the rest one article showed the comparable result. Conclusion: It may be concluded that good sealing ability of biodentine along with its favorable biological properties show that materials can be used competently in clinical practice as a retrograde filling material. However, long-term assessment in clinical situations is necessary for further inferences.
A Conformal Differentially Fed Antenna for Ingestible Capsule System

A conformal differentially fed antenna at 915 MHz industrial, scientific, and medical (902–928 MHz) band for monitoring in body core temperature is presented in this paper. In virtue of its characteristics of ultrathin and flexible substrate, the peculiarity that proposed antenna can be wrapped around the capsule inner wall demonstrates the satisfactory performance of occupying a little space. The volume of the conformal patch antenna only measures 30 mm<sup>3</sup> by notching meandering slots to achieve miniaturization. The simulated impedance bandwidth (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\vert S_{11}\vert < -10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> dB) covers from 861 to 942 MHz. The integrated capsule system, inserted in a cubic homogeneous muscle phantom for initial parametric studies and optimization, occupies the dimensions of 22 mm (length) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times11$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm (diameter). Meanwhile, the performance on the sensitivity to surrounding environment and specific absorption rate distribution are studied. In the measurements, the conformal antenna is rolled around a 3-D-printed capsule inside minced pork. The pork temperature data are monitored in time and transferred wirelessly. To confirm the system reliability, hardware circuits are designed with differential concept and a data logger is also realized to record in-time temperature data. Finally, the feasibility of system function demonstrates the suitability of the conformal differentially fed antenna in biomedical applications.
Antihaemolytic activity of thirty herbal extracts in mouse red blood cells

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to haemolysis and eventually to diseases such as thalassemia and sickle cell anaemia. Their action can be counteracted by the antihaemolytic activity of therapeutic agents. The aim of our study was to identify plants that most efficiently counteract ROS-caused haemolysis. From ten plants known for their antioxidant activity (Orobanche orientalis G. Beck, Cucumis melo L., Albizzia julibrissin Durazz, Galium verum L., Scutellaria tournefortii Benth, Crocus caspius Fischer & Meyer, Sambucus ebulus L., Danae racemosa L., Rubus fruticsos L., and Artemisia absinthium L.) we prepared 30 extracts using three extraction methods (percolation, Soxhlet, and ultrasound-assisted extraction) to see whether the extraction method affects antihaemolytic efficiency, and one extraction method (polyphenol extraction) to see how much of this action is phenol-related. Extract antihaemolytic activity was determined in mice red blood cells and compared to that of vitamin C as a known antioxidant. Nine of our extracts were more potent than vitamin C, of which G. verum (aerial parts/percolation) and S. tournefortii (aerial parts/polyphenol) extracts were the most potent, with an IC50 of 1.32 and 2.08 μg mL-1, respectively. Haemolysis inhibition depended on extract concentration and the method of extraction. These plants could provide accessible sources of natural antioxidants to the pharmaceutical industry Sažetak Reaktivni kisikovi spojevi (ROS) mogu dovesti do hemolize te u konačnici do bolesti poput talasemije i anemije srpastih stanica. Takvo se djelovanje može ublažiti ili spriječiti terapijskim djelovanjem antihemolitika. Cilj je ovog istraživanja bio izdvojiti biljke koje najuspješnije sprječavaju hemolizu uzrokovanu reaktivnim kisikovim spojevima. U tu smo svrhu pripremili 30 ekstrakata biljaka poznatih po svojem antioksidacijskom djelovanju: Orobanche orientalis G. Beck, Cucumis melo L. , Albizzia julibrissin Durazz, Galium verum L. , Scutellaria tournefortii Benth, Crocus caspius Fischer & Meyer, Sambucus ebulus L, Danae racemosa L. , Rubus fruticsos L. te Artemisia absinthium L. Rabili smo tri uobičajene ekstrakcijske metode (perkolacija, Soxhlet i ultrazvučna ekstrakcija) kako bismo utvrdili utječe li metoda na anihemolitičku aktivnost ekstrakta te smo u nekoliko uzoraka ekstrahirali polifenole kako bi se vidjelo koliko je ta aktivnost povezana s njihovom razinom. Antihemolitičku smo aktivnost mjerili u mišjim eritrocitima i usporedili je s onom vitamina C, koji je poznati antioksidans. Izdvojeno je devet ekstrakata sa snažnijom aktivnosti od vitamina C, od kojih su ekstrakti G. verum (zračni dijelovi/perkolacija) odnosno S. tournefortii (nadzemni dijelovi/polifenoli) bili najsnažniji, s inhibicijskom koncentracijom (IC50) od 1,32 odnosno 2.08 μg mL-1. Inhibicija hemolize ovisila je o koncentraciji ekstrakta te o metodi ekstrakcije. Ove bi biljke mogle poslužiti farmaceutskoj industriji kao lako dostupni izvori prirodnih antioksidansa
Preparation of Nanocomposite Via Calcium Phosphate Formation in Chitosan Matrix Using in Situ Precipitation Approach

Calcium phosphate-based biomaterials are of special interest in bone regeneration due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability; on the other hand, chitosan has novel properties such as antibacterial, biocompatibility and biodegradability. In the present study a new chitosan (CS)/ calcium phosphate (CaP) nanocomposite biomaterial is introduced which is prepared using the in situ precipitation approach. The fabricated nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transformer infrared spectra (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The crystals were rod like with the average size of about100 nm in length and 20 nm in diameter. Calcium phosphates such as hydroxyapatite (HA), brushite (DCPD) and -tricalcium phosphate ( -TCP) were found to crystallize simultaneously in the chitosan matrix. The results showed that the crystalline calcium phosphate nanoparticles were mineralized in chitosan and the interaction between Ca in CaP and negative-charged functional groups 2+ in chitosan molecular chains was formed. The effect of chitosan on the crystallization of calcium phosphate particles was studied and it was found that polymer has controlling role in the growth of calcium phosphate crystals.
MicroRNA Regulation of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT): Micro Machines Pull Strings of Papier-Mâché Puppets

Substantial fraction of high-quality information is continuously being added into the existing pool of knowledge related to the biology of telomeres. Based on the insights gleaned from decades of research, it is clear that chromosomal stability needs a highly controlled and dynamic balance of DNA gain and loss in each terminal tract of telomeric repeats. Telomeres are formed by tandem repeats of TTAGGG sequences, which are gradually lost with each round of division of the cells. Targeted inhibition of telomerase to effectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells has attracted tremendous attention and overwhelmingly increasingly list of telomerase inhibitors truthfully advocates pharmacological significance of telomerase. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is a multi-talented and catalytically active component of the telomerase-associated protein machinery. Different proteins of telomerase-associated machinery work in a synchronized and orchestrated manner to ensure proper maintenance of telomeric length of chromosomes. Rapidly emerging scientific findings about regulation of TERT by microRNAs has revolutionized our understanding related to the biology of telomeres and telomerase. In this review, we have comprehensively discussed how different miRNAs regulate TERT in different cancers. Use of miRNA-based therapeutics against TERT in different cancers needs detailed research in preclinical models for effective translation of laboratory findings to clinically effective therapeutics.
Half-metallic perovskite superlattices with colossal thermoelectric figure of merit

Nowadays heavy experimental efforts are focussed on doped oxide thermoelectrics to increase the thermopower and thermoelectric performance. We propose a high thermoelectric figure of merit for half-metallic SrTi1−xCoxO3 (x = 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5) in a superlattice with SrTiO3, which is stable at high temperatures and in an oxygen environment. The maximal value of Z hardly depends on the doping, while the temperature at which the maximum occurs increases with the Co concentration. The easy tunability from being an insulator to a half-metal under substitutional doping combined with the colossal figure of merit opens up great potential in the emerging field of spin-caloritronics.
Social Resilience and Commercial Fishers' Responses to Management Changes in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

Understanding how social resilience influences resource users' responses to policy change is important for ensuring the sustainability of social-ecological systems and resource-dependent communities. We use the conceptualization and operationalization of social resilience proposed by Marshall and Marshall (2007) to investigate how resilience level influenced commercial fishers' perceptions about and adaptation to the 2004 rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. We conducted face-to-face interviews with 114 commercial and charter fishers to measure their social resilience level and their responses and adaptation strategies to the 2004 zoning plan. Fishers with higher resilience were more likely to believe that the zoning plan was necessary, more likely to be supportive of the plan, and more likely to have adapted their fishing business and fishing activity to the plan than were fishers with lower social resilience. High-resilience fishers were also less likely to perceive negative impacts of the plan on their fishing business, less likely to have negative attitudes toward the consultation process used to develop and implement the plan, and less likely to have applied for financial compensation under the structural adjustment program. Results confirm the utility of the social resilience construct for identifying fishers who are likely to be vulnerable to changes, and those who are struggling to cope with change events. We conclude that managing for social resilience in the GBR would aid in the design and implementation of policies that minimize the impacts on resource users and lead to more inclusive and sustainable management, but that further research is necessary to better understand social resilience, how it can be fostered and sustained, and how it can be effectively incorporated into management.
Development of Mucoadhesive Chitosan Derivatives for Use as Submucosal Injections

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) have been used for surgical treatment of early gastric cancer. These endoscopic techniques require proper submucosal injections beneath the tumor to provide a sufficiently high submucosal fluid cushion (SFC) to facilitate clean dissection and resection of the tumor. Until now, the submucosal injection materials developed for endoscopic techniques such as EMR and ESD of tumors have been composed of macromolecules, proteins, or polysaccharides. We have been investigating the use of chitosan, a product that is obtained by the alkaline deacetylation of chitin, the second-most abundant natural polysaccharide. Specifically, we have been studying a photocrosslinked chitosan hydrogel (PCH) and solubilized chitosan derivatives for use as novel submucosal injections for endoscopic techniques. Notably, chitosan derivatives with lactose moieties linked to the amino groups of its glucosamine units can specifically interact with acidic mucopolysaccharides and mucins in submucosa without the need for the incorporation of harmful photoreactive groups nor potentially mutagenic ultraviolet irradiation.
Deterministic structures in fractionated atrial electrograms during human persistent atrial fibrillation

In the present work, we sought to uncover possible deterministic dynamics in atrial tissue activations during persistent atrial fibrillation (persAF) using recurrence plots (RP) and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA). 797 bipolar atrial electrograms (AEGs) were collected from 18 persAF patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Automated AEG classification was performed using the CARTO criteria (Biosense Webster). Four RQA attributes were obtained from the AEGs: determinism (DET); the recurrence rate (RR); the laminarity (LAM); and the Shannon entropy of the diagonal line in a RP (ENTR). PVI significantly increased the four RQA features ([Mean±SD], DET: 87.7±8.3% vs. 90.7±8.5%; RR: 60.2±17.3% vs. 63.6±17.4%; LAM: 93.9±4.7% vs. 95.3±5.5%; ENTR: 3.9±0.6 vs. 4.2±0.8, P≤0.0001). The attributes were higher for normal AEGs (normal vs. fractionated, DET: 90.5±8.7% vs. 86.7±7.6%; RR: 64.0±18.0% vs. 57.9±15.6%; LAM: 95.1±5.5% vs. 93.5±4.1%; ENTR: 4.2±0.8 vs. 3.8±0.5, P≤0.0001). Our results suggest that the increase of irregular activations on fractionated AEGs in persAF was not associated to a random structure. Diagonal structures associated to deterministic behaviour were still present in RPs from fractionated AEGs, leading to a high residual determinism, which could be related to unstable periodic orbits in a chaotic motion.
Predictors of pandemic influenza infection in adults presenting to two urban emergency departments, Toronto, 2009.

OBJECTIVE Identifying features that differentiate patients with H1N1 influenza infection from those with other conditions may assist clinical decision making during waves of pandemic influenza activity. METHODS From April 27 to June 15, 2009, nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained from all adults presenting to two urban emergency departments (EDs) with illness including fever or respiratory symptoms. H1N1 infection was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Chart review was performed to compare cases of H1N1 influenza (n = 117) to matched controls. RESULTS The median age of cases was 35 years versus 50 years for controls (p < .001). In those with pre-existing conditions, asthma was present in 31% of cases versus 14% of controls (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.4). Cough (OR 7.8, 95% CI 3.2-19), fever (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.7-5.4), headache (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.2), and myalgias (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.1) were significantly more common in H1N1 cases. The median white blood cell count was 5.7 × 109/mL versus 10.9 × 109/mL (p < .001). The combination of fever and cough had an OR of 5.3. Fever, cough, low white blood cell (WBC) count, and tachycardia had the highest OR at 11. The absence of both fever and cough had a negative predictive value of 99%, but this occurred in only 8% of controls. CONCLUSION In patients presenting to the ED, the combination of fever, cough, tachycardia, and WBC count < 10 × 109/mL was suggestive of H1N1 influenza infection. However, clinical features could not reliably distinguish influenza from other acute respiratory illnesses in adult ED patients.
Multiview structure from motion in trajectory space

Most nonrigid objects exhibit temporal regularities in their deformations. Recently it was proposed that these regularities can be parameterized by assuming that the nonrigid structure lies in a small dimensional trajectory space. In this paper, we propose a factorization approach for 3D reconstruction from multiple static cameras under the compact trajectory subspace representation. Proposed factorization is analogous to rank-3 factorization of rigid structure from motion problem, in transformed space. The benefit of our approach is that the 3D trajectory basis can be directly learned from the image observations. This also allows us to impute missing observations and denoise tracking errors without explicit estimation of the 3D structure. In contrast to standard triangulation based methods which require points to be visible in at least two cameras, our approach can reconstruct points, which remain occluded even in all the cameras for quite a long time. This makes our solution especially suitable for occlusion handling in motion capture systems. We demonstrate robustness of our method on challenging real and synthetic scenarios.
On determinants of SME start ups in Ethiopia: A theoretical exploration

Since coming to power in 1991, the Ethiopian government has strived to create an environment that supports entrepreneurship. Almost 20 years later, however, the highly productive small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector remains limited. This paper develops a simple theoretical model of SME start ups with frictions in the business climate and the labor market that characterize the Ethiopian institutional landscape. It finds that subsidizing entrepreneurs’ search may encourage start-ups, but it needs to be accompanied by improvements to the business environment and functioning of the labor market. Wage subsidies would be less effective in stimulating SMEs, but they could encourage firms to move from the informal to the formal sector. Since unclear property rights constitute potentially the most severe form of taxation, reforming them is key.
Identification of solubility-controlling solid phases in a large fly ash field lysimeter

Samples of pore fluids and leachates were obtained from a large fly ash field lysimeter in central Pennsylvania. The samples were analyzed for major and trace inorganic anions and cations. The resulting analyses were modeled by using an equilibrium speciation/solubility code to test the hypothesis that the solubilities of at least some species in the fly ash leachate were controlled by solid phases
Electronic Image Analysis of Crop Residue Cover on Soil

ABSTRACT CLASSIFICATION procedures for using both black-and-white and color imaging systems were developed and tested for determination of percent residue cover on the soil surface from video and slide images. A spectral analysis of the image components was used for determining applicable wavelengths and filters. Color imagery provided an acceptable replacement for manual visual procedures. Black-and-white imagery also worked when appropriate blocking filters were used.
High Dietary Iron Supplement Induces the Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons Lesion in Transgenic Mice Expressing Mutant A53T Human Alpha-Synuclein

Both alpha-synuclein aggregation and iron deposits are neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We are particularly interested in whether iron could synergize with alpha-synuclein pathology in vivo, especially in the nigrostriatal system. In the present study, we reported transgenic mice with overexpressing human A53T alpha-synuclein, as well as WT mice with high dietary iron displayed hyperactive motor coordination and impaired colonic motility, compared with those with basal dietary iron. Only A53T mice, but not WT mice with high dietary iron exhibited nigral dopaminergic neuronal loss, lower levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra (SN) and decreased dopamine contents in the striatum. Although there was no obvious elevation of iron contents in the SN in WT mice with high dietary iron, we observed iron contents in the SN were especially higher than the other brain regions in 12-month aged mice with either high or basal dietary iron. These results suggested high dietary iron supplement could induce nigral dopaminergic neurons lesion in A53T mice, which might be due to the vulnerability of SN to accumulate iron.
Hardy's uncertainty principle on semisimple groups

A theorem of Hardy states that, if f is a function on R such that |f(x)|≤ C e −α|x|2 for all x in R and |f(ξ)|≤ C e −β|ξ|2 for all ξ in R, where α > 0, β > 0, and αβ > 1∕4, then f = 0. Sitaram and Sundari generalised this theorem to semisimple groups with one conjugacy class of Cartan subgroups and to the K-invariant case for general semisimple groups. We extend the theorem to all semisimple groups.