Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of preemptive analgesic effect of dexamethasone and diclofenac following third molar surgery.

The objective of the study was to compare the analgesic effectiveness of dexamethasone and diclofenac sodium administered preemptively after surgical removal of third molars. Forty-four ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) I patients (19 men, 35 women; 16-28 years old) randomly and double-blindly received diclofenac sodium (50 mg) or dexamethasone (8 mg) or placebo 1 h before surgery. Intensity of pain, measured with a visual analog scale (VAS), was the variable studied at different postoperative times (1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 6 h, 8 h, 12 h, 48 h, 4 d and 7 d). The total amount of rescue medication (TARM) ingested (paracetamol) was another variable of the study. The Kruskal-Wallis statistical test was used. A p value of < . 05 was adopted to reject the null hypothesis. The dexamethasone group showed lower pain intensity (p < .05) than the diclofenac sodium and placebo groups (p < .05). No difference in TARM was observed among the groups (p < .05). Preemptively administered, dexamethasone was effective in controlling postoperative pain.
Enhanced IMC-based Load Disturbance Rejection Design for Integrating Processes with Slow Dynamics

Abstract By revealing the deficiency of existing internal model control (IMC) based methods for load disturbance rejection for integrating processes with slow dynamics, a modified IMC design is proposed to deal with step or ramp type load disturbance as often encountered in practice. The controller parametrization is based on a two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) control structure which allows for independent regulation of load disturbance rejection from the setpoint tracking. Analytical controller formulae are given based on classification of the ways by which such load disturbance seeps into the process. It is an obvious merit that there is only a single adjustable parameter in the controller design, which in essence corresponds to the time constant of the closed-loop transfer function for load disturbance rejection, and can be monotonically tuned to meet a trade-off between disturbance rejection performance and closed-loop robust stability. Robust tuning constraints are given correspondingly to accommodate for process uncertainties. An illustrative example is given to show the effectiveness and merits of the proposed method.
Gestational Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease marked by the irreversible pulmonary vascular changes of vasoconstriction, thrombosis, and proliferation of smooth muscle and endothelial cells. The untreated clinical course is characterized by progressive dyspnea and a median survival of less than 3 years. Many of these patients are of child-bearing age; however, pregnancy leads to physiologic changes that are particularly poorly tolerated in PAH, conferring a 30%–56% mortality. We present a case of PAH that spontaneously resolved after termination of pregnancy and recurred during each of two subsequent pregnancies. To our knowledge, this case is unique, because no cases of spontaneous resolution of idiopathic PAH have been reported in adults, nor have there been any reports of pulmonary hypertension that is isolated to the gestational period.
Effects of stocking density on growth performance, feather growth, intestinal development, and serum parameters of geese

ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of stocking density on the growth performance, feather growth, intestinal development, and serum parameters of geese. In total, 336 healthy, 28‐day‐old, male Yangzhou goslings were randomly allotted to 30 plastic wire‐floor pens according to 5 stocking densities (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 birds/m2). The results showed that with the stocking density increased from 2 birds/m2 to 6 birds/m2, the body weights of geese at 42 d (P < 0.001) and 70 d (P < 0.001) were reduced by 10.53% and 10.43% respectively, the primary feather lengths of geese at 42 d (P < 0.001) and 70 d (P = 0.021) were reduced by 20.38% and 6.62% respectively, whereas the feed/gain ratios for 28‐ to 42‐d period and 28‐ to 70‐d period increased from 2.50 to 2.90 (P = 0.001), and 3.80 to 4.24 (P < 0.001), respectively. The relative weights of the jejunum, ileum, and small intestine and the lengths of the jejunum, ileum, and small intestine were all adversely affected (P < 0.05) when stocking density was increased to 6 birds/m2. Serum concentrations of alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.013) and triiodothyronine (P < 0.001) decreased as the stocking density increased. The serum thyroxine concentration of geese from the 6 birds/m2 group was lower than that of geese from the other groups (P < 0.05). The reduction in thyroid hormone concentrations was similar to what was observed in growth rate. All the results suggested that high stocking density will adversely influence thyroid function and the developments of the body weight, body size, feathers, and small intestine. Under our experimental conditions, we recommend that the stocking density of geese should be kept to 5 or fewer birds/m2 to avoid the negative effects of high stocking density on geese.
Color matching in facial prosthetics: A systematic review

Color matching to the surrounding skin is extremely important in patients wearing maxillofacial prostheses. It is of utmost importance to know the different techniques of color matching and coloring in maxillofacial prostheses. The purpose of this study is to review the literature data with regard to color matching in maxillofacial prosthetics. An electronic search of peer review restricted to English language dental literature was conducted to identify the relevant scientific article on color matching and coloring in maxillofacial prostheses. The publication year was up to December 2015 so that the search could include all the articles provided in that particular database. Two independent observers independently read the abstracts and later preselected full-text articles. A full-text review was carried out only for 15 articles. Out of the 15 articles, 7 were related to coloring using tinting, spraying, milling, and use of commercial cosmetics. Three studies were related to shade matching in maxillofacial prostheses. Two studies conducted the measurement of color in maxillofacial prostheses. Only one study had explained color and its relevance in maxillofacial prosthetics. Only one study was done for reproducing silicone shade guide matching Indian skin color. In addition, a single pilot study was done to measure facial skin and lip color in a human population sample stratified by race, gender, and age. Currently, there is no evidence discussing the best technique available for perfectly matching the color for the fabrication of maxillofacial prostheses. However, the latest instruments such as spectrophotometer and colorimeters are believed to have improved efficiency in matching the color.
The C-terminus of nisin is important for the ABC transporter NisFEG to confer immunity in Lactococcus lactis

The lantibiotic nisin is a small 3.4 kDa antimicrobial peptide, which acts against Gram‐positive bacteria in the nmol/L range. Nisin is produced and secreted by several Lactococcus lactis strains to ensure advantages against other bacteria in their habitat. Nisin contains five specific lanthionine rings of which the first two are important for Lipid II binding and the last two are crucial for the pore formation in the membrane. To gain immunity against nisin, the producing strain is expressing an ABC transporter called NisFEG, which expels nisin from the membrane. As a result six to eightfold more nisin is needed to affect the cells. The hydrolysis of ATP by NisFEG is required for this immunity as shown by a mutant, where the ATP hydrolysis is disrupted (NisFH181AEG). Furthermore, NisFEG recognizes the C‐terminus of nisin, since deletion of the last six amino acids as well as of the last ring lowered the fold of immunity displayed by NisFEG.
Tracking Controller of mobile robot

Tracking control of parallel wheeled differential drive mobile robot is considered. The robot has to reach the final goal by following a referenced trajectory. The initial position of the robot may be on or off the path. The dynamic model of the robot is composed of two consecutive parts; kinematic model and equations of linear and angular torques. By transforming dynamic error equations of kinematic model to mobile coordinates, the tracking problem changes to stabilization. Nonlinear state feedback controller using integrator backstepping is used to design the tracking controller. In which, depending upon the initial errors in the position and of the robot two controllers are designed; Local Tracking Controller and Global Tracking Controller. These controllers will control kinematic model of the mobile robot. It has been proved that all type of errors ranging from small to large converged to zero optimally with either of the controllers. In this study the effect of uncertain parameters of dynamic model on system performance is considered. It's shown that the suggested method based on model reference adaptive control can save the closed loop performance vis-à-vis changing parameters of mass and inertia of robot. In addition the distinctive simplicity of the proposed controller leads to the possibility of adjusting the parameters to achieve the desired performance including tracking error and control signals. The tracking controllers designed are implemented in MATLAB®. Various results have been included and verified the robust performance of controllers.
The RBE of negative pions in 2-day-old ascites tumors.

A previous report gave the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of a 90-MeV negative pion beam at the peak of the depth-dose distribution compared with 60Co rays, for a 5-day-old tumor; the value was found to be 5.4 +b 1.8. In the investigation presented here, the RBE of negative pions was measured for a 2-day-old lymphoma. Partial pressure of oxygen (p02) was measured in vivo with a microelectrode. The 5-day-old tumors were found to be hypoxic; the 2-day-old tumors showed a pO2 of about 7.0 mm Hg. The dose rate of pions at the peak position was increased in this experiment to about 25-30 rads/hr by focusing the beam. The resulting beam was small, and only one mouse at a time could be irradiated. Mice were exposed to doses ranging between 60 and 150 rads. After irradiation, mice were sacrificed, cells withdrawn and counted, and serial dilutions prepared from each irradiated mouse and from nonirradiated controls. Each concentration was injected intraperitoneally into a group of 10 female LAF1 mice; at the end of 8 weeks the TDso (the number of tumor cells needed to produce 50% takes) for each assay was evaluated. The ratio of the TDso for controls to the TD0so for the different doses gave the surviving fractions, from which the survival curve was drawn. A curve with a small shoulder was obtained: Do = 76 rads, and DQ = 44 rads. By comparing with survival obtained by irradiation with 60CO y-rays at 150 rads/
Global parasite and Rattus rodent invasions: The consequences for rodent-borne diseases.

We summarize the current knowledge on parasitism-related invasion processes of the globally invasive Rattus lineages, originating from Asia, and how these invasions have impacted the local epidemiology of rodent-borne diseases. Parasites play an important role in the invasion processes and successes of their hosts through multiple biological mechanisms such as "parasite release," "immunocompetence advantage," "biotic resistance" and "novel weapon. " Parasites may also greatly increase the impact of invasions by spillover of parasites and other pathogens, introduced with invasive hosts, into new hosts, potentially leading to novel emerging diseases. Another potential impact is the ability of the invader to amplify local parasites by spillback. In both cases, local fauna and humans may be exposed to new health risks, which may decrease biodiversity and potentially cause increases in human morbidity and mortality. Here we review the current knowledge on these processes and propose some research priorities.
Cigarette smoking impairs pancreatic duct cell bicarbonate secretion.

OBJECTIVE To compare pancreatic duct cell function in smokers (current and past) and never smokers by measurement of secretin-stimulated peak bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3-]) in endoscopic collected pancreatic fluid (PF). METHODS This retrospective study was cross-sectional in design, recording demographic information (age, gender, etc.), smoking status (former, current, never), alcohol intake, clinical data (imaging, endoscopy), and laboratory results (peak PF [HCO3-]) from subjects evaluated for pancreatic disease at a tertiary pancreas center. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis (SAS Version 9.2, Cary, NC, USA) was performed to assess the relationship between cigarette smoking and secretin-stimulated pancreatic fluid bicarbonate concentration. RESULTS A total of 131 subjects underwent pancreatic fluid collection (endoscopic pancreatic function test, ePFT) for bicarbonate analysis: 25.2% (33 out of 131) past smokers, 31.3% (41 out of 131) current smokers, and 43.5% (57 out of 131) were never smokers. Measures of Association: The mean peak PF [HCO3-] in never smokers (81.3 ± 18.5 mEq/L) was statistically higher (indicating better duct cell function) when compared to past smokers (66.8 ± 24.7 mEq/L, P=0.005) and current smokers (70.0 ± 20.2 mEq/L, P=0.005). However, the mean peak [HCO3-] in past smokers was not statistically different from that in current smokers (P=0.575), and therefore, the two smoking groups were combined to form a single "smokers cohort". When compared to the never smokers, the smokers cohort was older (P=0.037) and had a greater proportion of subjects with definite chronic pancreatitis imaging (P=0.010), alcohol consumption ≥20 g/day (P=0.012), and abnormal peak PF [HCO3-] (P<0.001). Risk-Based Estimates: Cigarette smoking (risk ratio, RR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.5; P<0.001), diagnosis of definite chronic pancreatitis imaging (RR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.6-3.2; P<0.001) and alcohol consumption ≥20 g/day (RR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.4; P=0.033) were all associated with low mean peak PF [HCO3-] (indicating duct cell secretory dysfunction). Multivariate Analysis: Smoking (odds ratio, OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.6-9.1; P=0.003) and definite chronic pancreatitis imaging (OR: 5.7, 95% CI: 2.2-14.8; P<0.001) were determined to be independent predictors of low peak PF [HCO3-], controlling for age, gender, and alcohol intake. Furthermore there was no interaction between smoking status and alcohol intake in predicting duct cell dysfunction (P=0.571). CONCLUSION Measurement of pancreatic fluid bicarbonate in smokers reveals that cigarette smoking (past and current) is an independent risk factor for pancreatic duct cell secretory dysfunction (low PF [HCO3-]). Furthermore, the risk of duct cell dysfunction in subjects who smoked was approximately twice the risk (RR: 2.2) in never smokers. Further in depth, translational research approaches to pancreatic fluid analysis may help unravel mechanisms of cigarette smoking induced pancreatic duct cell injury.
Kernelized map matching

Map matching is a fundamental operation in many applications such as traffic analysis and location-aware services, the killer apps for ubiquitous computing. In past, several map matching approaches have been proposed. Roughly, they can be categorized into four groups: geometric, topological, probabilistic, and other advanced techniques. Surprisingly, kernel methods have not received attention yet although they are very popular in the machine learning community due to their solid mathematical foundation, tendency toward easy geometric interpretation, and strong empirical performance in a wide variety of domains. In this paper, we show how to employ kernels for map matching. Specifically, ignoring map constraints, we first maximize the consistency between the similarity measures captured by the kernel matrices of the trajectory and relevant part of the street map. The resulting relaxed assignment is then "rounded" into a hard assignment fulfilling the map constraints. On synthetic and real-world trajectories, we show that kernels methods can be used for map matching and perform well compared to probabilistic methods such as HMMs.
Role of the vascular endothelium in patients with angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries

Chest pain with normal coronary angiograms is a relatively common syndrome. The mode of presentation of this syndrome includes patients with syndrome X and patients with an acute myocardial infarction and angiographically normal coronary arteries. Different mechanisms have been proposed to elucidate the exact cause and to explain the various clinical presentations in these patients. Abnormalities of pain perception and the presence of oesophageal dysmotility have all been reported in patients with syndrome X. In situ thrombosis or embolization with subsequent clot lysis and recanalization, coronary artery spasm, cocaine abuse, and viral myocarditis have been described as potential mechanisms responsible for an acute myocardial infarction in patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. Recent data suggest that both microvascular and epicardial endothelial dysfunction may play an important role in the pathophysiological mechanism of the syndrome of stable angina or acute myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries.
A CCBIR System using Associative Mining Techniques for Semantic Search Engines

Due to the increase in the size of World Wide Web, content based retrieval becomes more challenging and also it provides a lot of irrelevant results. We propose a new ‘Concept and Content based Image Retrieval Technique’ to provide exact results. We use associative mining technique with the semantic concepts. Our methodology indexes the images according to semantic concepts and generates association, which will be used for image retrieval. We extract the high level concepts and low level features. The extracted feature vectors are indexed to a semantic concept, and we generate association rules, using which the retrieval is done. We use both the visual and texture features to represent the semantic concept. This CCBIR is very helpful in both data collection and modeling large scale image data bases.
Stretch-flangeability of strong multiphase steels

Abstract Stretch-flangeability measures the ability of a material to form into a complex shape. The parameter is often related to simple properties derived from tensile tests. An attempt is made here to discover the best way to exploit tensile test data to indicate flangeabilty. It is found that the ultimate tensile strength of steel is the single most important criterion that correlates with stretch-flangeability.
Interactions of atmospheric trace gases with ice surfaces: adsorption and reaction.

47893.3. Adsorption of Hydrogen-Bonding Species:Oxygenated Organics47903.4. Adsorption of Other Species 47923.5. Adsorption: Atmospheric Implications 47923.6. Adsorption: Needs for Laboratory Research 47934. Reactions of Atmospheric Trace Gases on IceSurfaces47944.1. Hydrolysis Reactions 47944.2. Halogen Activation Reactions 47954.3. Sulfur(IV) Oxidation Reactions 47974.4. Reactions: Atmospheric Implications 47974.5. Reactions: Needs for Laboratory Research 47985. Summary 47986. Acknowledgments 47987. References 4799
Risk Factors Associated with Body Injuries due to Falls in a Teaching Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Objectives: The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with fall injuries among patients in King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Methods: A retrospective cohort study based on a review of the medical records of patients (in- and outpatients) in King Abdulaziz University Hospital was done from February 2013 to October 2013. The data included medical histories, including fall history, fall-related hospitalization and complications, history of anemia, arthritis, and cardiovascular disease, including drug and smoking history. Laboratory and radiology findings were also included. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY USA). Results: Among 108 samples, 58 had experienced a fall and 50 served as control. Roughly 98% had a history of fall-related hospitalization, 85% were complicated by fractures, while 12% were complicated by intracranial bleeding. Patients older than 60 were more likely to fall and to have a history of falls (p < 0.001). Non-smokers were more likely to report a history of falling (p < 0.001). Cases with previous fall-related hospitalization (p < 0.001) were more likely to have a fall. Conversely, cases with anemic history [28 (48%) (p < 0.001)] were less likely to have a fall than their non-anemic counterparts. Conclusion: Given the multifactorial nature of fractures, larger local studies are recommended to investigate the risk of fall-based fractures. The high risk of individuals experiencing multiple falls with a significant likelihood of complications suggest that further investigation will help improve patient outcomes, reduce treatment cost and need for long-term support.
What can developmental disorders tell us about the neurocomputational constraints that shape development? The case of Williams syndrome

The uneven cognitive phenotype in the adult outcome of Williams syndrome has led some researchers to make strong claims about the modularity of the brain and the purported genetically determined, innate specification of cognitive modules. Such arguments have particularly been marshaled with respect to language. We challenge this direct generalization from adult phenotypic outcomes to genetic specification and consider instead how genetic disorders provide clues to the constraints on plasticity that shape the outcome of development. We specifically examine behavioral studies, brain imaging, and computational modeling of language in Williams syndrome but contend that our theoretical arguments apply equally to other cognitive domains and other developmental disorders. While acknowledging that selective deficits in normal adult patients might justify claims about cognitive modularity, we question whether similar, seemingly selective deficits found in genetic disorders can be used to argue that such cognitive modules are prespecified in infant brains. Cognitive modules are, in our view, the outcome of development, not its starting point. We note that most work on genetic disorders ignores one vital factor, the actual process of ontogenetic development, and argue that it is vital to view genetic disorders as proceeding under different neurocomputational constraints, not as demonstrations of static modularity.