Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STARS DO NOT EAT THEIR YOUNG MIGRATING PLANETS: EMPIRICAL CONSTRAINTS ON PLANET MIGRATION HALTING MECHANISMS

The discovery of “hot Jupiters” very close to their parent stars confirmed that Jovian planets migrate inward via several potential mechanisms. We present empirical constraints on planet migration halting mechanisms. We compute model density functions of close-in exoplanets in the orbital semi-major axis–stellar mass plane to represent planet migration that is halted via several mechanisms, including the interior 1:2 resonance with the magnetospheric disk truncation radius, the interior 1:2 resonance with the dust sublimation radius, and several scenarios for tidal halting. The models differ in the predicted power-law dependence of the exoplanet orbital semi-major axis as a function of stellar mass, and thus we also include a power-law model with the exponent as a free parameter. We use a Bayesian analysis to assess the model success in reproducing empirical distributions of confirmed exoplanets and Kepler candidates that orbit interior to 0.1 AU. Our results confirm a correlation of the halting distance with stellar mass. Tidal halting provides the best fit to the empirical distribution of confirmed Jovian exoplanets at a statistically robust level, consistent with the Kozai mechanism and the spin–orbit misalignment of a substantial fraction of hot Jupiters. We can rule out migration halting at the interior 1:2 resonances with the magnetospheric disk truncation radius and the interior 1:2 resonance with the dust disk sublimation radius, a uniform random distribution, and a distribution with no dependence on stellar mass. Note that our results do not rule out Type-II migration, but rather eliminate the role of a circumstellar disk in stopping exoplanet migration. For Kepler candidates, which have a more restricted range in stellar mass compared to confirmed planets, we are unable to discern between the tidal dissipation and magnetospheric disk truncation braking mechanisms at a statistically significant level. The power-law model favors exponents in the range of 0.38–0.9. This is larger than that predicted for tidal halting (0.23–0.33), which suggests that additional physics may be missing in the tidal halting theory.
Niche recycling through division-independent egress of hematopoietic stem cells

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are thought to reside in discrete niches through stable adhesion, yet previous studies have suggested that host HSCs can be replaced by transplanted donor HSCs, even in the absence of cytoreductive conditioning. To explain this apparent paradox, we calculated, through cell surface phenotyping and transplantation of unfractionated blood, that ∼1–5% of the total pool of HSCs enters into the circulation each day. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) feeding experiments demonstrated that HSCs in the peripheral blood incorporate BrdU at the same rate as do HSCs in the bone marrow, suggesting that egress from the bone marrow to the blood can occur without cell division and can leave behind vacant HSC niches. Consistent with this, repetitive daily transplantations of small numbers of HSCs administered as new niches became available over the course of 7 d led to significantly higher levels of engraftment than did large, single-bolus transplantations of the same total number of HSCs. These data provide insight as to how HSC replacement can occur despite the residence of endogenous HSCs in niches, and suggest therapeutic interventions that capitalize upon physiological HSC egress.
Thermal Boundary Characteristics of Homo-/Heterogeneous Interfaces

The interface of two solids in contact introduces a thermal boundary resistance (TBR), which is challenging to measure from experiments. Besides, if the interface is reactive, it can form an intermediate recrystallized or amorphous region, and extra influencing phenomena are introduced. Reactive force field Molecular Dynamics (ReaxFF MD) is used to study these interfacial phenomena at the (non-)reactive interface. The non-reactive interfaces are compared using a phenomenological theory (PT), predicting the temperature discontinuity at the interface. By connecting ReaxFF MD and PT we confirm a continuous temperature profile for the homogeneous non-reactive interface and a temperature jump in case of the heterogeneous non-reactive interface. ReaxFF MD is further used to understand the effect of chemical activity of two solids in contact. The selected Si/SiO2 materials showed that the TBR of the reacted interface is two times larger than the non-reactive, going from 1.65×10−9 to 3.38×10−9 m2K/W. This is linked to the formation of an intermediate amorphous layer induced by heating, which remains stable when the system is cooled again. This provides the possibility to design multi-layered structures with a desired TBR.
A hierarchical formal approach to verifying side-channel resistant cryptographic processors

This paper presents a hierarchical formal verification method for cryptographic processors based on a combination of a word-level computer algebra procedure and a bit-level decision procedure using PPRM (Positive Polarity Reed-Muller) expansion. In the proposed method, the entire datapath structure of a cryptographic processor is described in the form of a hierarchical graph . The correctness of the entire circuit function is verified on this graph representation, by the algebraic method, and the function of each component is verified by the PPRM method, respectively. We have applied the proposed verification method to a complicated AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) circuit with a masking countermeasure against side-channel attack. The results show that the proposed method can verify such practical circuit automatically within 4 minutes while the conventional methods fail.
Advances in the medical management of skin and soft tissue infections

Skin and soft tissue infections are some of the most common infectious disease diagnoses in both inpatient and outpatient settings. With bacterial resistance to antimicrobials growing, decision making on empiric antibiotics is becoming increasingly difficult. Additionally, the most recent guidance from a professional society on the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections was published in 2014 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and is now two years old. New antimicrobial agents have been developed and approved for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections since then, and more are in the pipeline. This review summarizes the evidence on treatments that are new or in development and the potential repurposing of old antimicrobials. The clinical utility of these treatments is also discussed.
Analysis of Aggregation-Based Multigrid

Aggregation-based multigrid with standard piecewise constant like prolongation is investigated. Unknowns are aggregated either by pairs or by quadruplets; in the latter case the grouping may be either linewise or boxwise. A Fourier analysis is developed for a model two-dimensional anisotropic problem. Most of the results are stated for an arbitrary smoother (which fits with the Fourier analysis framework). It turns out that the convergence factor of two-grid schemes can be bounded independently of the grid size. With a sensible choice of the (linewise or boxwise) coarsening, the bound is also uniform with respect to the anisotropy ratio, without requiring a specialized smoother. The bound is too large to guarantee optimal convergence properties with the V-cycle or the standard W-cycle, but a W-cycle scheme accelerated by the recursive use of the conjugate gradient method exhibits near grid independent convergence.
Supporting Learning and Teaching of Grade-Level Content Expectations

year, my colleagues and I in Michigan began a crash course in learning the language of Grade-Level Content Expectations (GLCEs). We have engaged in learning and knowing the "glickies," as they are fondly called, in the way that we came to learn and know the language of benchmarks and standards over the past eight years (MDE 1996) and the "Essential Goals and Objectives" eight years prior to that (MDE 1988). Many teachers across the country find themselves in similar situations, or soon will. For example, North Carolina has the Mathematics Standard
Physiologic studies in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

ABSTRACT In the patient with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, it is possible to study the effect of various factors altering the renal concentrating and diluting mechanism with the assurance that ADH is not contributing to the results. Several of these factors have been studied. In the patient with “complete” NDI, dehydration without a fall in GFR does not increase urine concentration more than Pitressin does. Some patients with incomplete disease, however, may produce a hypertonic urine with dehydration, despite total unresponsiveness to exogenous vasopressin. Prolonged cortisol administration appears to augment all parameters of a maximal water diuresis. During a sustained water diuresis, the infusion of isoncotic albumin in saline elicits variable changes in diuresis that are correlated better with changes in solute excretion than with renal hemodynamics. An acute and severe reduction of the GFR does not cause the production of a hypertonic urine. The pattern of daily urine excretion is abnormal, with n.
Association of Air Pollution with Increased Incidence of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias Recorded by Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillators

Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a consistent link between sudden cardiac deaths and particulate air pollution. We used implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) records of ventricular tachyarrhythmias to assess the role of air pollution as a trigger of these potentially life-threatening events. The study cohort consisted of 203 cardiac patients with ICD devices in the Boston metropolitan area who were followed for an average of 3.1 years between 1995 and 2002. Fine particle mass and gaseous air pollution plus temperature and relative humidity were measured on almost all days, and black carbon, sulfate, and particle number on a subset of days. Date, time, and intracardiac electrograms of ICD-detected arrhythmias were downloaded at the patients’ regular follow-up visits (about every 3 months). Ventricular tachyarrhythmias were identified by electrophysiologist review. Risk of ventricular arrhythmias associated with air pollution was estimated with logistic regression, adjusting for season, temperature, relative humidity, day of the week, patient, and a recent prior arrhythmia. We found increased risks of ventricular arrhythmias associated with 2-day mean exposure for all air pollutants considered, although these associations were not statistically significant. We found statistically significant associations between air pollution and ventricular arrhythmias for episodes within 3 days of a previous arrhythmia. The associations of ventricular tachyarrhythmias with fine particle mass, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon suggest a link with motor vehicle pollutants. The associations with sulfate suggest a link with stationary fossil fuel combustion sources.
Running Head: Scaled P300 Scalp Profiles in Detection of Deception

Abstract : Three studies were performed. The first two dealt with countermeasures to brain wave-based detection of deception in concealed information test protocols. There are two kinds of such protocols extant. One, the "6-probe" protocol utilizes multiple different crime details whose brain responses are averaged together. This protocol was easily defeated in the first study, as the detection rates dropped from 82% detection in the simple guilty group to 18% in the guilty group using a countermeasure. Although the average reaction time distinguished these two groups, there was enough overlap in their reaction time distributions such that in any individual case, one could not use reaction time to infer deception. The second protocol, the "1-probe" protocol uses one crime detail as a probe in each of as many runs as one wishes. One group was run in three successive seeks as 1) a guilty group, 2) a countermeasure group, and 3) finally without the explicit use of the countermeasure. In the first week, 92% of the subjects were detected. The countermeasure dropped this rate to 50%. In the final third week, without explicit use of countermeasure, only 58% were detected. There was no overlap in the reaction time distributions of the first two weeks, suggesting that the explicit countermeasure use could be detected with reaction time. In the third week, the reaction time distributions looked like those of the first week, so that test beaters would not be detected with reaction time. Other matters examined were 1) a comparison of individual brain wave analysis methods; 2) a comparison of naive versus sophisticated subjects, and 3) a comparison in terms of workload between the 1-probe and the 6-probe protocols.
The design and implementation of University Digital Museum platform based on DSpace

The digital museum of university is conducive to the preservation and utilization of precious cultural assets. This thesis describes the framework of a digital museum platform of university based on DSpace, including data models, metadata, searching and browsing, user interface, as well as the secondary development of DSpace platform and localization work. The platform, put into application in Beijing Normal University Digital Museum, has achieved good results, featuring an easy expansion, stable operation, convenient retrieval and flexible display.
Survival analysis of gene expression data using PSO based radial basis function networks

Gene expression data combined with clinical data has emerged as an important source for survival analysis. However, gene expression data is characterized with thousands of features/genes but only tens or hundreds of observations. The high-dimensionality and unbalance between features and samples pose big challenges for the classical survival analysis methods. This paper proposes a particle swarm optimization based radial basis function networks (PSO-RBFN) for the survival analysis on gene expression data. Particularly, PSO-RBFN applies a principle component analysis for dimensionality reduction and optimizes the RBF network using PSO. The experimental results on three gene expression datasets indicate that PSO-RBFN is able to improve the predict accuracy compared to the other classical survival analysis methods.
Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter Air Pollution Is a Risk Factor for Stroke: Meta-Analytical Evidence

Background and Purpose— Epidemiological studies suggest an association between stroke incidence and stroke mortality and long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution. However, the magnitude of the association is still unclear. Methods— We searched the Pubmed citation database for epidemiological studies and reviews on stroke and PM exposure. Then, we carried out a meta-analysis to quantify the pooled association between stroke incidence and mortality and long-term exposure to PM. Meta-analyses were performed for stroke events and stroke mortality and for PM10 and PM2.5 separately and jointly. Results— We identified 20 studies, including a total of >10 million people, on long-term PM exposure and stroke event or stroke mortality. For exposure to PM10 (including estimated exposure to PM10 from studies using PM2.5), the pooled hazard ratio for each 10-&mgr;g/m3 increment in PM10 was 1.061 (95% confidence interval, 1.018–1.105) and 1.080 (0.992–1.177) for overall stroke events and stroke mortality, respectively. A stratified analysis by continent revealed that the association between stroke and long-term PM10 exposure was positive in North America (1.062 [1.015–1.110]) and Europe (1.057 [0.973–1.148]), but studies in Asia (1.010 [0.885–1.153]) showed a high degree of heterogeneity. Considering exposure to PM2.5 (Europe and North America combined), the hazard ratios for a 5-&mgr;g/m3 increment were 1.064 (1.021–1.109) and 1.125 (1.007–1.256) for stroke events and mortality, respectively. Conclusions— The scientific evidence of the past decade identifies long-term exposure to PM, and PM2.5 in particular, as a risk factor for stroke. However, we found some currently unexplained geographical variability in this association.
In vitro and in vivo resistance of herpes simplex virus to 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acycloguanosine)

In vitro passage of the Patton strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1-P) in the presence of acycloguanosine (ACG) led to the emergence of a highly drug-resistant strain (HSV-1-P-ACG-R). Over 1% of virions in 6 of 15 HSV strains tested were able to form plaques in the presence of 10 mumol of ACG on first exposure to the drug. Therefore, there exists among HSV strains a broad range of susceptibilities to ACG, and some strains contain particles which are partially resistant to ACG before ever contacting the drug. HSV-1-P-ACG-R was partially resistant to iododeoxyuridine; conversely, iododeoxyuridine-resistant virus was highly resistant to ACG. ACG-resistant virus (HSV-1-P-ACG-R) was equal to its parent strain (HSV-1-P) in susceptibility to adenine arabinoside. The HSV-1-P-ACG-R strain produced corneal lesions in rabbits which were completely refractory to topical treatment with 1% unguent ACG, but responsive to 3% ACG. Partially resistant HSV could be isolated from the eyes of rabbits infected with ACG-susceptible virus and treated topically with either 1 or 3% ACG for 6 days.
Prognostic value of motor evoked potentials elicited by multipulse magnetic stimulation in a surgically induced transitory lesion of the supplementary motor area: a case report

Surgery involving the supplementary motor area (SMA) places the patient at risk of transient motor deficit. To predict outcome in patients with early postoperative hypokinesis would be relevant to both the patient and the surgical team. A 15 year old girl with a large left thalamic tumour removed through a left transcallosal approach is described. Despite intraoperatively preserved muscle motor evoked potentials (mMEPs) from all limbs, elicited by multipulse electrical stimulation, she awoke with a right hemiplegia and mutism. On the first postoperative day, neurophysiological evaluation using a multipulse magnetic stimulation technique, with a train of four magnetic stimuli, confirmed the presence of mMEPs from the hemiplegic right limbs. Slight spontaneous motor activity of the right limbs and initial speech were seen later on the same day with dramatic improvement over subsequent days. It is concluded that multiple rather than single magnetic stimulation techniques may be needed to elicit mMEPs for an early postoperative differential diagnosis of SMA damage versus injury to the primary motor cortex or the corticospinal tract.
The effects of time constraint on 3D acquisition and data processing: the case of “Villa delle Vignacce”

Despite many technological and scientific advances, the methodology of 3D model reconstruction of an archaeological excavation can present some difficulties. One of these is represented by a time factor, which is often linked to economical issues. Time becomes an essential project constraint when there are survey restrictions or limitations in data processing. The temporal limits can lead to an important disjuncture between theoretical approaches and real results that can be obtained in a restricted time. Transferred into practice it means that a resolution-driven time frame approach can be applied only in projects with unlimited resources whereas a real situation often requires the application of a timeframe driven resolution methodology. A key step is represented by the initial survey planning in which the determined areas of study directly affect the acquisition method, instruments utilized in the project, data processing and, in general, the amount of time necessary to complete the whole modelling project. The realistic evaluation of these relevant factors, once determined, are essential in order to obtain the best results of the scan in a particular, limited lapse of time. The case study presented in this paper is the "Villa delle Vignacce" excavation, a 2nd century AD structure in the area now called the "Parco degli Acquedotti" investigated by the American Institute for Roman Culture. The necessity to rapidly close this excavation project area and a limited budget required a particular compressed 3D acquisition and processing procedure, so a different 3D survey and modelling approach was applied for the creation of a 3D model of a big portion of this case study. The aim of the paper is to suggest a different planning approach for 3D acquisition and data processing in order to optimize time and costs and reach a good compromise between quality and quantity factors, obtaining the best model resolution compliant with a pre-assigned time-frame.
Concurrent Treatment with Taxifolin and Cilostazol on the Lowering of β-Amyloid Accumulation and Neurotoxicity via the Suppression of P-JAK2/P-STAT3/NF-κB/BACE1 Signaling Pathways

Taxifolin is a potent flavonoid that exerts anti-oxidative effect, and cilostazol increases intracellular cAMP levels by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 3 that shows antiinflammatory actions. BACE1 (β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1) is the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the β-cleavage of amyloid precursor proteins to Aβ peptides. In this study, endogenous Aβ and C99 accumulation was explored in N2a Swe cells exposed to 1% FBS medium. Increased Aβ and C99 levels were significantly attenuated by taxifolin alone and in combination with cilostazol. Increased phosphorylated JAK2 at Tyr1007/1008 (P-JAK), phosphorylated STAT3 at Tyr 705 (P-STAT3) expressions and increased expressions of BACE1 mRNA and protein in the activated N2a Swe cells were significantly attenuated by taxifolin (10~50 μM), cilostazol (10~50 μM) alone and in combination at minimum concentrations. In these cells, decreased cytosol IκBα expression was elevated, and increased nuclear NF-κB p65 level and nuclear NF-κB p65 DNA binding activity were significantly reduced by taxifolin and cilostazol in a similar manner. Following STAT3 gene (~70% reduction) knockdown in N2a cells, Aβ-induced nuclear NF-κB and BACE1 expressions were not observed. Taxifolin, cilostazol, or resveratrol significantly stimulated SIRT1 protein expression. In SIRT1 gene-silenced (~50%) N2a cells, taxifolin, cilostazol, and resveratrol all failed to suppress Aβ1-42-stimulated P-STAT3 and BACE1 expression. Consequently, taxifolin and cilostazol were found to significantly decrease lipopolysaccharide (1–10 μg/ml)-induced iNOS and COX-2 expressions, and nitrite production in cultured BV-2 microglia cells and to increase N2a cell viability. In conclusion, taxifolin and cilostazol strongly inhibited amyloidogenesis in a synergistic manner by suppressing P-JAK2/P-STAT3-coupled NF-κB-linked BACE1 expression via the up-regulation of SIRT1.
Inter- and intra-language acoustic analysis of autonomous fillers

The present work deals with autonomous fillers in a multilingual context. The question addressed here is whether fillers are carrying universal or language-specific characteristics. Fillers occur frequently in spontaneous speech and represent an interesting topic for improving languagespecific models in automatic language processing. Most of the current studies focus on few languages such as English and French. We focus here on multilingual fillers resulting from eight languages (Arabic, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Italian, European Portuguese, American English and Latin American Spanish). We propose thus an acoustic typology based on the vocalic peculiarities of the autonomous fillers. Three parameters are considered here: duration, pitch (F0) and timbre (F1/F2). We also compare the vocalic segments of the fillers with intra-lexical vowels possessing similar timbre. In this purpose, a preliminary study on French language is described.