Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Management for Higher Education. ERIC Digest.

Milam, John H. , Jr. Knowledge Management for Higher Education. ERIC Digest. ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, Washington, DC. Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. EDO-HE-2001-05 2001-00-00 4p. ; Small font may not reproduce well. RR-99-00-0036 ERIC Clearinghouse on Higher Education, Institute for Education Policy Studies, Graduate School of Education and Human Development, One Dupont Circle, Suite 630, Washington, DC 20036-1183. Tel: 202-296-2597; Tel: 800-773-3742 (Toll Free); Fax: 202-452-1844. For full text: http://www.eriche. org. ERIC Publications (071) ERIC Digests in Full Text (073) MFO~/PCO~ Plus Postage. *College Administration; Cooperation; *Higher Education; *Organizational Development ERIC Digests; *Knowledge Management This digest describes the emerging study of Knowledge Management ( K M ) , a field that has much to offer administrators in higher education. KM principles recognize that it is important for organizations to "know what they know. " It is the organized complexity of collaborative work to share and use information across all aspects of an institution that marks the effective use of knowledge that KM tries to promote. Companies with a focus on KM pay close attention to issues of collaboration, organizational learning, best practices, workflow, intellectual property management, document management, customer-centric focus, and effective use of data. KM will enable colleges to increase student retention and graduation rates, retain a technology workforce, expand Web-based offerings, analyze the cost effective use of technology, and do other things necessary to compete in an environment 'where institutions cross state and national borders to meet students' needs. Leveraging knowledge capital, using stories in decision making, and becoming an llinfomediaryl' are aspects of implementing KM. Some of the challenges in KM implementation are also outlined. (Contains 19 references . ) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ERIC@-HE Digest Series EDO-HE-2001-05 2001 The George Washington University Department of Education -0 m v, Knowledge Management for Higher Education John H. Milam, Jr., P h D .
Historical Perspectives of Sex Positivity: Contributing to a New Paradigm Within Counseling Psychology

Sexual health and well-being are integral aspects of human growth and development. Specifically, sex and sexuality involve complex and dynamic interpersonal and intrapersonal behaviors within dynamic sociopolitical environments. Sex positivity acknowledges such complexities as positive forces in human interactions and experiences, rather than as risk factors, deviance, and pathology. Current theories within counseling psychology, however, perpetuate sex-negative perspectives of sex and sexuality, further marginalizing people of color, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex individuals, and people with disabilities. This article presents historical contributions from the professional fields of history, law, psychology, philosophy, and sociology, and from popular contemporary writings, to pose a sex-positive paradigm in counseling psychology. Sex-positive counseling psychology is an integrated, comprehensive approach to understanding sex and sexuality, with contributions from social justice, feminist, multicultural, and queer theories. Implications for future theories, research, and practice within counseling psychology are presented.
Neurotransmitters contained in the subcortical extraretinal inputs to the monkey lateral geniculate nucleus

The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) is the thalamic relay of retinal information to cortex. An extensive complement of nonretinal inputs to the LGN combine to modulate the responsiveness of relay cells to their retinal inputs, and thus control the transfer of visual information to cortex. These inputs have been studied in the most detail in the cat. The goal of the present study was to determine whether the neurotransmitters used by nonretinal afferents to the monkey LGN are similar to those identified in the cat. By combining the retrograde transport of tracers injected into the monkey LGN with immunocytochemical labeling for choline acetyl transferase, brain nitric oxide synthase, glutamic acid decarboxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase, or the histochemical nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)‐diaphorase reaction, we determined that the organization of neurotransmitter inputs to the monkey LGN is strikingly similar to the patterns occurring in the cat. In particular, we found that the monkey LGN receives a significant cholinergic/nitrergic projection from the pedunculopontine tegmentum, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic projections from the thalamic reticular nucleus and pretectum, and a cholinergic projection from the parabigeminal nucleus. The major difference between the innervation of the LGN in the cat and the monkey is the absence of a noradrenergic projection to the monkey LGN. The segregation of the noradrenergic cells and cholinergic cells in the monkey brainstem also differs from the intermingled arrangement found in the cat brainstem. Our findings suggest that studies of basic mechanisms underlying the control of visual information flow through the LGN of the cat may relate directly to similar issues in primates, and ultimately, humans. J. Comp. Neurol. 424:701–717, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Effect of Linguistic Experience on Perceptual Similarity Among Nasal Consonants: A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis 1

In cross-language speech perception studies, the perceptual categories of a listener group are often assumed to be adequately represented by single, abstract labels, such as the position-dependent allophonic variant of a phoneme. However, listeners of different languages may also vary in their perceptual weighting of acoustic cues that signal a given phoneme, or its allophonic realization, in their language. These two competing units of analysis were evaluated in a cross-language perceptual similarity test employing a broad range of non-native stimuli and listener groups. In this experiment, an AXB classification test using nasal consonants from Malayalam (bilabial, interdental, alveolar, retroflex, palatal, velar) was administered to three sets of listener groups with common coronal nasal inventories: dental-retroflex (Marathi, Punjabi), alveolar-retroflex (Tamil, Oriya), and alveolar (Bengali, American English). A two-dimensional multidimensional scaling analysis of the similarity scores revealed language-specific differences that were not predictable from the test groups’ nasal inventories, as represented by positiondependent allophones. The dental-retroflex and alveolar groups showed intra-group differences in their clustering of stimuli and their weighting of both perceptual dimensions, leading to language-specific perceptual spaces. Only the alveolar-retroflex group spaces were similarly organized. The results demonstrate that descriptions of the native perceptual categories of listeners must be made at the level of the individual acoustic cues that are used to match acoustic input to particular perceptual categories, rather than abstract labels.
Transcoding Evaluation in Live Video Adaptation

The video adaptation has been developed with the objective of enabling the access by devices with limitant characteristics. One way to adapt the video is the transcoding technique, which can be applied in a large range of applications. However, it is known that the transcoding process has a high computational cost, which it is thought to be the main generator of delay. In this paper we present a transcoding evaluation in live video adaptation. As a result, the measures obtained can help researchers and developers to choose the best adaptation mechanism or system architecture for their specific applications
Effects of Hypoxic Exposure during Feeding on SDA and Postprandial Cardiovascular Physiology in the Atlantic Cod, Gadus morhua

Some Atlantic cod in the Bornholm Basin undertake vertical foraging migrations into severely hypoxic bottom water. Hypoxic conditions can reduce the postprandial increase in gastrointestinal blood flow (GBF). This could subsequently postpone or reduce the postprandial increase in oxygen consumption (MO2), i.e. the SDA, leading to a disturbed digestion. Additionally, a restricted oxygen uptake could result in an oxygen debt that needs to be compensated for upon return to normoxic waters and this may also affect the ability to process the food. Long-term cardio-respiratory measurements were made on fed G. morhua in order to understand how the cardio-respiratory system of feeding fish respond to a period of hypoxia and a subsequent return to normoxia. These were exposed to 35% water oxygen saturation for 90 minutes, equivalent to the time and oxygen level cod voluntarily endure when searching for food in the Bornholm Basin. We found that i) gastric and intestinal blood flows, cardiac output and MO2 increased after feeding, ii) gastric and intestinal blood flows were spared in hypoxia, and iii) there were no indications of an oxygen debt at the end of the hypoxic period. The magnitude and time course of the measured variables are similar to values obtained from fish not exposed to the hypoxic period. In conclusion, when cod in the field search for and ingest prey under moderate hypoxic conditions they appear to stay within safe limits of oxygen availability as we saw no indications of an oxygen debt, or negative influence on digestive capacity, when simulating field observations.
Social Determinants of Maternal and Child Undernutrition in Cambodia: A Systematic Review

Background: Maternal and child undernutrition is one of the major contributors to the increasing of overall disease burden and mortality in the globe and Cambodia. Therefore, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify social determinants of maternal and child undernutrition in Cambodia. Methods: Systematic literature search was performed through journal databases including ProQuest Central, Scopus, PubMed, Medline (Ovid), Google scholar, and World Health Organization Statistical Information System (WHOSIS).
Reasoning about actions in biophysical systems

We develop a high level action description language to express knowledge about cellular processes and mechanisms. This involves representation and reasoning about both discrete properties and continuous processes. Both of them may be changed by exogenous actions or triggers. We use differential equations to represent continuous processes. We give syntax and semantics of the language and also present an approximate characterization. We present a temporal query language for such domains. We then illustrate the use of our language with respect to biological examples and discuss an implementation of the approximate characterization.
Psychopathological symptoms as predictors of burnout among police officers with different years of experience

4. Conclusions Policing is recognized as one of the most stressful and high-risk occupations, and, in the line of duty, police officers are repeatedly exposed to operational stressors in the form of unpredictable and potentially dangerous or traumatic situations (Balmer, Pooley & Cohen, 2014; Webster, 2014; Yung et al., 2015). Over the past years, chronic occupational stress became a concern among researchers and clinicians, especially when it leads to burnout (Maslach, 2011, 2015; Weber & Jaekel-Reinhard, 2000). The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (2014) has recently developed the Health Places campaign, alerting that 14% of European workers referred stress, depression and anxiety as more frequent psychosocial risks related with professional tasks. Literature revealed a significant association between burnout and psychopathological indicators (Rossler et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2014), suggesting a general decrease in psychological wellbeing caused by work tasks (Weber & Jaekel-Reinhard, 2000). Kelty and Gordon (2015) referred that it is estimated that close to one-fifth of emergency management, law-enforcement and criminal justice personnel will develop, or are at a high risk of developing, occupational stress, with damages for individuals and organization services. Recently, longitudinal and cohort studies increased, since they allow to follow individuals and to better assess the impact of context variables on their behavior (McQueen et al., 2015). This study aims to identify and compare burnout and psychopathological symptoms among 3 groups of police officers from Portuguese National Police (PSP Polícia de Segurança Pública): students, working at their first year and working with more experience years. The study also aims to know the relationship between burnout and psychopathological symptoms, checking if psychopathological symptoms are burnout predictors.
Variability in DIBELS Next Progress Monitoring Measures for Students at Risk for Reading Difficulties

Previous research on curriculum-based measurement of oral reading fluency (CBM ORF) found high levels of variability around the estimates of students’ fluency; however, little research has studied the issue of variability specifically with well-designed passage sets and a sample of students who scored below benchmark for the purpose of progress monitoring. We examined the variability in oral reading fluency score slopes due to passage and student characteristics using DIBELS Next progress monitoring passages over 4 weeks using a hierarchical linear growth model. Participants included second-, third-, and fourth-grade students identified as at risk for reading difficulties. The results showed an average growth rate of approximately 1 correctly read word per minute per week, with considerably lower variability than shown in previous research with less controlled passage sets and/or higher performing student samples. Implications for practice are discussed, including procedural recommendations for administrators and teachers.
Self-organized pattern formation of run-and-tumble chemotactic bacteria: Instability analysis of a kinetic chemotaxis model

Collective motion of chemotactic bacteria as E. Coli relies, at the individual level, on a continuous reorientation by runs and tumbles. It has been established that the length of run is decided by a stiff response to temporal sensing of chemical cues along the pathway. We analyze consequences on self-organized pattern formation resulting from modulation of tumbling frequency with stiff response. Thanks to both analytical arguments and numerical simulations, we show that the stationary homogeneous state of population density is destabilized in realistic ranges of parameters. A remarkable property is that the unstable frequencies remain bounded, as it is the case in Turing instability. These theoretical developments are in accordance with several biological observations.
Speaker Clustering Based on Utterance-Oriented Dirichlet Process Mixture Model

This paper provides the analytical solution and algorithm of UO-DPMM based on a non-parametric Bayesian manner, and thus realizes fully Bayesian speaker clustering. We carried out preliminary speaker clustering experiments by using a TIMIT database to compare the proposed method with the conventional Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) based method, which is an approximate Bayesian approach. The results showed that the proposed method outperformed the conventional one in terms of both computational cost and robustness to changes in tuning parameters.
Hydraulic Erosion : A Survey

Terrain morphology has been on the radar of Computer Graphics for more than twenty years and various techniques for its modeling have been presented. These approaches range from fractal and multifractal surface generation to physically-based models of erosion and weathering. From all the weathering phenomena that can be observed in Nature, the hydraulic erosion has the major visual importance. We will focus on hydraulic erosion in our presentation and we will describe various techniques which enhance this important clue to the realistic terrain model generation. Models of a cellular automata-based weathering will be described, techniques simulating soil transportation in liquid, aging, and a generalized solution to modeling hydraulic erosion using ideas from fluid mechanics will be shown. The simulations show the terrain morphogenesis and can be used for animations as well as for static scene models generation. CR Categories: I.3. 3 [Computer Graphics]: Picture/Image Generation – Display algorithms— [I.3. 7]: Computer Graphics—Three Dimensional Graphics and Realism – Virtual Reality
On the analysis of identity delegation attacks

Identity delegation is a sever attack that can be easily launched against multihop wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. Its severity lies in its capability to evade detection by even the-state-of-the-art intrusion detection techniques such as the neighbor monitoring based mechanisms. Through identity delegation, an adversary can drop packets, evade detection, and frame innocent nodes of dropping the traffic. In a previous work, we proposed a mechanism called Sadec to mitigate identity delegation attacks. In this paper, we provide a thorough investigation of Sadec and compare it with the state-of-the-art mitigation technique dubbed basic local monitoring (BLM). Our analysis which is validated by ns-2 simulation scenarios show that BLM fails to efficiently mitigate packet drop through identity delegation while Sadec successfully mitigates it in addition to considerably reducing the framing incidents of legitimate nodes.
A Reduced-Complexity Partial-Interference-Cancellation Group Decoder for STBCs

In this letter, we propose a reduced-complexity implementation of partial interference cancellation group decoder with successive interference cancellation (PIC-GD-SIC) by employing the theory of displacement structures. The proposed algorithm exploits the block-Toeplitz structure of the effective matrix and chooses an ordering of the groups such that the zero-forcing matrices associated with the various groups are obtained through Schur recursions without any approximations. We show using an example that the proposed implementation offers a significantly reduced computational complexity compared to the direct approach without any loss in performance.
Partial scan high-level synthesis

Classical strategies in design for testability are applied at the gate-level, after the RT-logic synthesis process. New techniques covering test and synthesis (Test Synthesis) are appearing but their application is mainly oriented to gate level (commercial tools such as Synopsys). On the other hand, most high-level synthesis tools do not take into account the testability of the final architecture. This paper presents a high-level synthesis system which includes testability improvement among its goals. The aforementioned system generates loop free circuits and are therefore, easily testable with partial scan techniques. In order to achieve this, a complete RT-level loop classification is made and the origin at the algorithmic level is analyzed in order to avoid loops during the synthesis process, not only in the data path but also in the controller. With the usual high-level synthesis benchmarks, the proposed system reaches 100% fault coverages with a smaller area than other high-level synthesis tools.
'Low evidence' situaties in de sociale en de historische wetenschappen

'Low Evidence' Situations in the Social and Historical Sciences: Rational Choice as Heuristics. In past years, many studies in the philosophy of science were devoted to questions of historiography. Key issues included its scientific status and whether it was linked to the perspective of the researcher. Although such questions were eventually to provide insights into other disciplines, they did not do much to advance historiography per se. Karl Popper's The Poverty of Historicism (1957) constituted an exception by virtue of its suggestions regarding the reconstruction of historiography using the logic of situational act theory, and the need to pay more attention to the analysis of social movements. He further proposed that institutional analysis, based on rational choice theory, should be applied to the study of social movements. However, analysis of his works together with Abram de Swaan's arguments about rational choice theory (see abstract in SA 44:5) shows that when Popper used a heuristic scheme, the power of rational choice theory to account for low-evidence (limited sample size) situations was quite limited. 14 References. M. Meeks
Distributed Estimation of Variance in Gaussian Graphical Model via Belief Propagation: Accuracy Analysis and Improvement

Belief propagation (BP) is an efficient algorithm for calculating approximate marginal probability density function (PDF) in large-scale Gaussian graphical models. It is known that when BP converges, the mean calculated by BP is the exact mean of the marginal PDF, while the accuracy of the variance calculated by BP is in general poor and unpredictable. In this paper, an explicit error expression of the variance calculated by BP is derived. By novel representation of this error expression, a distributed message-passing algorithm is proposed to improve the accuracy of the variance calculated by BP. It is proved that the upper bound of the residual error in the improved variance monotonically decreases as the number of selected nodes in a particular set increases, and eventually vanishes to zero as the remaining graph becomes loop-free after removal of the selected nodes. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Integrated algorithm for different tracking challenges

This paper presents an efficient combination of two well-known tracking algorithms, Tracking-Learning-Detection (TLD) and Compressive Tracking (CT) to devise an algorithm which takes advantages of both and outperforms them on their short-ends by virtue of other. TLD fails in cases including full out-of-plane rotation, fast motion and articulated object tracking. While CT fails in resuming tracking once the object leaves the frame and comes back. We propose a combining algorithm mentioned as Algorithm 1, which robustly handles all the tracking challenges. Different thresholds are set which can be varied to weigh each component as required. The proposed algorithm is tested on different test sequences involving challenging tracking scenarios such as fast motion and their success rates are calculated in Table I. The proposed algorithm works favourably against both algorithms in terms of robustness and success rate.
The Origin of an Extended X-Ray Emission Apparently Associated with the Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae

Using the Suzaku X-ray Imaging Spectrometer, we performed a 130 ks observation of an extended X-ray emission, which was shown by ROSAT and Chandra observations to apparently associate with the globular cluster 47 Tucanae. The obtained $0.5-6$ keV spectrum was successfully fitted with a redshifted thin thermal plasma emission model whose temperature and redshift are $2.2^{+0.2}_{-0.3} $keV (at the rest frame) and $0.34\pm0.02$, respectively. Derived parameters, including the temperature, redshift, and luminosity, indicate that the extended X-ray source is a background cluster of galaxies, and its projected location falls, by chance, on the direction of the proper motion of 47 Tucanae.