Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salvage therapy of Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura revealing non‐Hodgkin Lymphoma by the thrombopoietin receptor agonist romiplostim

Collaborative Group 2000). This case adds strength to this observation because the presence of a severe platelet disorder has not protected the proband suffering recurrent VT. Two previous reports have also shown the occurrence of VT in patients with a severe platelet defect (Gruel et al, 1997; Ten Cate et al, 2003). Interestingly, in the present report, the presence of F5 G1691A and/or other still unknown thrombophilia seemed to attenuate the clinical manifestations of such a severe platelet disorder in the proband. This is illustrated by the severe clinical phenotype of his brother with GT, who died from complications of bleeding compared to the mild bleeding phenotype of the proband, who was diagnosed at 36 years of age. Previous studies have shown that co-inheritance of F5 G1691A with haemophilia A (Nichols et al, 1996) and GT (D’Andrea et al, 2003) can moderate bleeding severity, as seems to be the case here. In this particular family, the risk factor for thrombosis is not clear, as the proband’s brother, who had a CVT, was not carrier of the F5 G1691A mutation, which was present in the proband. It is likely that another risk factor for thrombosis segregates in this family due to the high frequency of venous and arterial thrombotic events in the family members. To date, recommendations for long-tem anticoagulation in situations in which VT coexists with a severe bleeding disorder, such as GT, are still lacking (Jayanthi & Liesner, 2010). This adds a major challenge for physicians when long-term secondary prophylaxis of thrombosis is indicated. As far as we know, the only report available used low molecular weight heparin for maintenance after the third thrombotic event in a patient with GT, F5 G1691A mutation and thrombosis (Ten Cate et al, 2003). In the present report, the proband has been successfully treated with long-term warfarin at a lower dose and has presented minor bleeding. In conclusion, lower dose warfarin to maintain the INR between 1Æ5 and 2Æ0 seems to be safe to prevent recurrent thrombosis in patients with GT.
Asirra: a CAPTCHA that exploits interest-aligned manual image categorization

We present Asirra (Figure 1), a CAPTCHA that asks users to identify cats out of a set of 12 photographs of both cats and dogs. Asirra is easy for users; user studies indicate it can be solved by humans 99.6% of the time in under 30 seconds. Barring a major advance in machine vision, we expect computers will have no better than a 1/54,000 chance of solving it. Asirra’s image database is provided by a novel, mutually beneficial partnership with Petfinder.com. In exchange for the use of their three million images, we display an “adopt me” link beneath each one, promoting Petfinder’s primary mission of finding homes for homeless animals. We describe the design of Asirra, discuss threats to its security, and report early deployment experiences. We also describe two novel algorithms for amplifying the skill gap between humans and computers that can be used on many existing CAPTCHAs.
Evidence for the half-metallic ferromagnetic state of Fe3O4 by spin-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy

The spin-dependent electronic structure of thin epitaxial films of magnetite, ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}(111),$ has been investigated at room temperature by means of spin-, energy-, and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Near the Fermi energy ${E}_{F}$ a spin polarization of $\ensuremath{-}(80\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5)%$ is found. The spin-resolved photoemission spectra for binding energies between 1.5 eV and ${E}_{F}$ show good agreement with spin-split band energies from density-functional calculations.
Widespread infection of the Eastern red-spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens) by a new species of Amphibiocystidium, a genus of fungus-like mesomycetozoan parasites not previously reported in North America

SUMMARY Given the worldwide decline of amphibian populations due to emerging infectious diseases, it is imperative that we identify and address the causative agents. Many of the pathogens recently implicated in amphibian mortality and morbidity have been fungal or members of a poorly understood group of fungus-like protists, the mesomycetozoans. One mesomycetozoan, Amphibiocystidium ranae, is known to infect several European amphibian species and was associated with a recent decline of frogs in Italy. Here we present the first report of an Amphibiocystidium sp. in a North American amphibian, the Eastern red-spotted newt (Notophthalmus viridescens), and characterize it as the new species A. viridescens in the order Dermocystida based on morphological, geographical and phylogenetic evidence. We also describe the widespread and seasonal distribution of this parasite in red-spotted newt populations and provide evidence of mortality due to infection.
A study of the effectiveness of two threshold definition techniques

Background: Measurement is a technique that is widely-used to quantify quality of process models. Evaluation of measurement results implies comparison against limit values, called thresholds. Determining thresholds is no trivial task and it requires the application of complex techniques. There are several techniques that have been published to date, proposing different approaches for threshold extraction. Two of the most prominent techniques are ROC curves and the Bender method. Although they come from different fields, both use logistic regression analysis as a discriminator function. Aim: For this reason, the main hypothesis is that thresholds obtained by both of those techniques are equally efficient in classifying the measurement results. Method: To check the hypothesis, we obtained thresholds for a group of empirically-validated measures for business process models, by applying both techniques. Then we checked the accuracy of the results. Results: The results indicate that the hypothesis should be rejected. Conclusions: ROC curves obtained more accurate thresholds for measurement evaluation.
ASSESSING UNCERTAINTY IN BUILDING SIMULATION

The premise underlying this work is that introducing uncertainty considerations into simulation will facilitate risk assessment and that this, in turn, will help to improve designer confidence in simulation. Sources of uncertainty abound in building simulation and must be factored into the solution process. These sources have been identified and useful techniques for quantifying the effects of uncertainties are presented. Two approaches are described: the use of traditional statistical methods, and the use of alternative arithmetical methods. The theory behind these methods and implementation of appropriate methods into an existing simulation program is described. Uncertainty analysis, risk analysis, sensitivity analysis.
The elliptical galaxy formerly known as the Local Group: merging the globular cluster systems

Prompted by a new catalogue of M31 globular clus- ters, we have collected together individual metallicity values for globular clusters in the Local Group. Although we briefly de- scribe the globular cluster systems of the individual Local Group galaxies, the main thrust of our paper is to examine the collec- tive properties. In this way we are simulating the dissipationless merger of the Local Group, into presumably an elliptical galaxy. Such a merger is dominated by the Milky Way and M31, which appear to be fairly typical examples of globular cluster systems of spiral galaxies. The Local Group 'Elliptical' has about 700 125 globular clusters, with a luminosity function resembling the 'universal' one. The metallicity distribution has peaks at (Fe/H) -1.55 and -0.64 with a metal-poor to metal-rich ratio of 2.5:1. The specific frequency of the Local Group Elliptical is initially about 1 but rises to about 3, when the young stellar populations fade and the galaxy resembles an old elliptical. The metallicity distribution and stellar population corrected specific frequency are similar to that of some known early type galaxies. Based on our results, we briefly speculate on the origin of globular cluster systems in galaxies.
Task Switching and Productivity in Collaborative Work: A Field Study of Hospitalists

Resource synchronization is critical to processes in which some tasks require the simultaneous collaboration of multiple professionals. To understand the effect of collaboration on productivity, we conduct an empirical study of hospitalists—hospital medicine physicians—at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago. A hospitalist’s patient-care routine includes visiting patients, making diagnoses and, often, communicating with other care professionals—a collaborative task—to guide the diagnosis and the patient treatment plan. As the hospitalist and her collaborators have other activities to tend to, consultations often require people to preempt their current work and switch to the collaborative activities. Such task switching introduces setup times that reduce hospitalist productivity. We present a model and conduct a rigorous empirical analysis using a dataset assembled from direct observation of physician activity and pager-log data. We show that more switches between documentation and communication causally lead to longer documenting time, and that “task switching to reach out” has a smaller impact than “task switching to respond. ” We empirically estimate the setup time and show that 5 minutes or about 50% of the 11 minutes of documenting time is due to task switching. Given that documentation occupies about 40% of a hospitalist total case processing time, task switching results in about 20% productivity loss: if hospitalists did not incur a setup time, they could serve 20% more patients per day.
Multiscale, multiorgan and multivariate complexity analyses of cardiovascular regulation

Cardiovascular system complexity is confirmed by both its generally variegated structure of physiological modelling and the richness of information detectable from processing of the signals involved in it, with strong linear and nonlinear interactions with other biological systems. In particular, this behaviour may be accordingly described by means of what we call MMM paradigm (i.e. multiscale, multiorgan and multivariate). Such an approach to the cardiovascular system emphasizes where the genesis of its complexity is potentially allocated and how it is possible to detect information from it. No doubt that processing signals from multi-leads of the same system (multivariate), from the interaction of different physiological systems (multiorgan) and integrating all this information across multiple scales (from genes, to proteins, molecules, cells, up to the whole organ) could really provide us with a more complete look at the overall phenomenon of cardiovascular system complexity, with respect to the one which is obtainable from its single constituent parts. In this paper, some examples of approaches are discussed for investigating the cardiovascular system in different time and spatial scales, in studying a different organ involvement (such as sleep, depression and multiple organ dysfunction) and in using a multivariate approach via various linear and nonlinear methods for cardiovascular risk stratification and pathology assessment.
The use of ultrasound in inflammatory bowel disease

Imaging in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) plays a pivotal role in the primary diagnosis, as well as during the management of patients with known IBD. The evolution of ultrasound equipment and the growing expertise of examiners have both enhanced the role of intestinal ultrasound in the assessment of the gastrointestinal tract in IBD patients. Intestinal ultrasound has been shown to have high sensitivity and specificity, as well as high positive and negative predictive value, in the detection or exclusion of intestinal inflammatory activity in IBD. The obvious advantages of intestinal ultrasound over other imaging modalities include non-invasiveness, rapid availability and low costs. This review summarizes the current developments in the use of intestinal ultrasound for the detection of IBD and its complications, and discusses its use in the management of patients with IBD. Indications for the use of intestinal ultrasound in daily practice are presented, expanded by new developments such as contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and elastography.
An Integrated Backscatter Ultrasound Technique for the Detection of Coronary and Carotid Atherosclerotic Lesions

The instability of carotid and coronary plaques has been reported to be associated with acute coronary syndrome, strokes and other cerebrovascular events. Therefore, recognition of the tissue characteristics of carotid and coronary plaques is important to understand and prevent coronary and cerebral artery disease. Recently, an ultrasound integrated backscatter (IB) technique has been developed. The ultrasound IB power ratio is a function of the difference in acoustic characteristic impedance between the medium and target tissue, and the acoustic characteristic impedance is determined by the density of tissue multiplied by the speed of sound. This concept allows for tissue characterization of carotid and coronary plaques for risk stratification of patients with coronary and cerebral artery disease. Two- and three-dimensional IB color-coded maps for the evaluation of tissue components consist of four major components: fibrous, dense fibrosis, lipid pool and calcification. Although several ultrasound techniques using special mathematical algorithms have been reported, a growing body of literature has shown the reliability and usefulness of the IB technique for the tissue characterization of carotid and coronary plaques. This review summarizes concepts, experimental procedures, image reliability and the application of the IB technique. Furthermore, the IB technique is compared with other techniques.
Implementing Atomic Memory in Dynamic Networks , Using an Aggressive Reconfiguration Strategy

Future civilian rescue and military operations will depend on a complex system of communicating devices that can operate in highly dynamic environments. In order to present a consistent view of a complex world, these devices will need to maintain data obje cts with atomic (linearizable) read/write semantics. Lynch and Shvartsman have recently developed a reconfigurab le atomic read/write memory algorithm for such environments [12, 13] This algorithm, called RAMBO, guarantees atomicity for arbitrary patterns of asynchrony, message loss, and node crashes. R AMBO installs new configurations lazily, transferring data from old configurations to new configurati ons using a background information transfer task. That task handles configurations sequentially, trans ferring information from each configuration to the next. This paper presents a new algorithm, based on R AMBO, that implements a radically different approach to installing new configurations: instead of operati ng sequentially, the new algorithm reconfigures “aggressively”, transferring information from old configu rations in parallel. This improvement substantially reduces the time necessary to upgrade to new configura tions and to remove obsolete configurations, which in turn substantially increases the fault-tolerance and reduces read/write operation latency when reconfiguration is bursty and during the periods of network i nstability. This paper presents a formal specification of the new algorithm, a correctness proof, and conditional analysis of its performance. Preliminary empirical studies performed using LAN impleme ntations of RAMBO and the new algorithm illustrate the advantages of the new algorithm. Submission category: Regular Paper General Topic Area: Architectures for Dependable Computer Systems
Database Encryption – An Overview of Contemporary Challenges and Design Considerations

This article describes the major challenges and design considerations pertaining to database encryption. The article first presents an attack model and the main relevant challenges of data security, encryption overhead, key management, and integration footprint. Next, the article reviews related academic work on alternative encryption configurations pertaining to encryption locus; indexing encrypted data; and key management. Finally, the article concludes with a benchmark using the following design criteria: encryption configuration, encryption granularity and keys storage.
BacPack: Exploring the Role of Tangibles in a Museum Exhibit for Bio-Design

We present BacPack, a tangible museum exhibit for exploring bio-design. BacPack utilizes tangible tokens on a large multitouch table display to allow visitors the opportunity to participate in a playful bio-design activity-engineering bacteria for sustaining life on Mars. To understand the role of tangible tokens in facilitating engagement and learning with the exhibit, we developed and evaluated two versions of BacPack: one with tangible tokens and one that consists of only multitouch interaction. Results from an evaluation in the Tech Museum of Innovation indicate that tangible tokens provide additional opportunities for collaborative problem solving and impact learning through support for tinkering and experimentation. We discuss design considerations for exhibits that facilitate creative engagement and exploration with biology.
Going Nuts: the Effect of Eu Structural Funds on Regional Performance *

The European Union (EU) provides grants to disadvantaged regions of member states to allow them to catch up with the EU average. Under the Objective 1 scheme, NUTS2 regions with a per-capita GDP level below 75% of the EU average qualify for structural funds transfers from the central EU budget. This rule gives rise to a regression-discontinuity design that exploits the discrete jump in the probability of EU transfer receipt at the 75% threshold for identification of causal effects of Objective 1 treatment on outcome such as economic growth of EU regions. We find positive per-capita GDP growth effects of Objective 1 transfers, but no employment growth effects. * Acknowledgements: We would like to thank two anonymous referees, the editor in charge (Sören Blomquist), and Robert Fenge for numerous helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Moreover, we thank Serguei Kaniovski and Rafal Raciborski for providing us with data. We are indebted to seminar participants at the and the 11th INFER Annual Conference for valuable comments. Von Ehrlich gratefully acknowledges financial support from the German Science Foundation (DFG). Part of the work was undertaken during Egger's stay at the Centre for Business Taxation at Oxford University, and he gratefully acknowledges their hospitality. Egger also acknowledges funding by the Austrian Science Fund through grant #P17713-G05.
Supply Chain Coordination and Influenza Vaccination

Annual influenza outbreaks incur great expenses in both human and monetary terms, and billions of dollars are being allocated for influenza pandemic preparedness in an attempt to avert even greater potential losses. Vaccination is a primary weapon for fighting influenza outbreaks. The influenza vaccine supply chain has characteristics that resemble the newsvendor problem but possesses several characteristics that distinguish it from many other supply chains. Differences include a nonlinear value of sales (caused by the nonlinear health benefits of vaccination that are due to infection dynamics) and vaccine production yield issues. We show that production risks, taken currently by the vaccine manufacturer, lead to an insufficient supply of vaccine. Several supply contracts that coordinate buyer (governmental public health service) and supplier (vaccine manufacturer) incentives in many other industrial supply chains cannot fully coordinate the influenza vaccine supply chain. We design a variant of the cost-sharing contract and show that it provides incentives to both parties so that the supply chain achieves global optimization and hence improves the supply of vaccines.
A generic KBR library with built-in simulation capabilities

Peer-to-peer technologies play an important role in modern applications. Structured P2P overlays have mostly been applied for distributed hash tables (DHTs). But structured routing overlays can provide more general services than a DHT alone. This fact is known in the literature, but rarely reflected in running code. In this paper, we introduce a generic key based routing (KBR) system. It provides a library with an easy-to-use interface and an underlying KBR daemon. Together, they can serve a wide variety of applications. The IGOR daemon and the library are implemented in a well-structured and extensible manner. An integrated network simulation component enables application developers to test their code locally before deployment. Our library has already been successfully used for various fully decentralized applications including a chat service [1], a video-on-demand system [2, 3], and a fully decentralized file system [4,5].
Low complexity multiuser detection with recursively successive zero-forcing and SIC based on nullspace for multiuser MIMO-OFDM system

To improve the spectrum efficiency, this paper considers the multiuser detection with the MU-MIMO technology for multiuser MIMO-OFDM system uplink with the same subcarrier shared by multiple users. A low complexity multiuser detection algorithm with recursively successive zero-forcing and successive interference cancellation (RSZF-SIC) based on nullspace is proposed. The RSZF process based on the block diagonalization (BD) technique eliminates the co-channel interference (CCI) by a recursive method based on the nullspace orthogonal theorem. The SIC process detects the user signals respectively with the reasonable user detection sequence based on the results of the RSZF process. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is effectively reduced by reducing the total number of singular value decomposition (SVD) operations and the dimension of the SVD matrix in the recursive procedure. The performance of the proposed algorithm is improved in terms of bit error rate and sum capacity of the system, especially in the high-SNR regime.
A Proposed Hybrid Approach for Feature Selection in Text Document Categorization

— Text document categorization involves large amount of data or features. The high dimensionality of features is a troublesome and can affect the performance of the classification. Therefore, feature selection is strongly considered as one of the crucial part in text document categorization. Selecting the best features to represent documents can reduce the dimensionality of feature space hence increase the performance. There were many approaches has been implemented by various researchers to overcome this problem. This paper proposed a novel hybrid approach for feature selection in text document categorization based on Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Information Gain (IG). We also presented state-of-the-art algorithms by several other researchers.