Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Don't Just Lead, Govern: How Top-Performing Firms Govern IT

: Top-performing enterprises succeed in obtaining value from IT where others fail, in part, by implementing effective IT governance to support their strategies and institutionalize good practices. IT governance involves specifying decision rights and accountabilities for important IT decisions. The goal is to encourage “desirable behaviors” in the use of IT. In studying the IT governance of more than 250 enterprises in 23 countries, we found a wide array of IT governance arrangements. Enterprises assign “decision rights” to different “archetypes” (Business or IT Monarchy, Federal, Duopoly, Feudal, or Anarchy) to govern five key IT decisions (IT investment, architecture, principles, application needs, and infrastructure). Top-performing enterprises govern IT differently from each other and from average enterprises. Firms leading on growth decentralize more of their IT decision rights and place IT capabilities in the business units. Those leading on profit centralize more decision rights and senior business leaders make the major IT decisions. Top performers design their IT governance to reinforce their performance goals and link IT governance to the governance of their other key enterprise assets and desired behaviors. A case study of State Street Corporation illustrates IT governance evolution and a method to diagrammatically represent IT governance.
A simple pedestrian detection using LBP-based patterns of oriented edges

This paper introduces a simple algorithm for pedestrian detection on low resolution images. The main objective is to create a successful means for real-time pedestrian detection. While the framework of the system consists of edge orientations combined with the LBP feature extractor, a novel way of selecting the threshold is introduced. This threshold improves significantly the detection rate as well as the processing time. Furthermore, it makes the system robust to uniformly cluttered backgrounds, noise and light variations. The test data is the INRIA pedestrian dataset and for the classification, a support vector machine with an RBF kernel is used. The system performs at a state-of-the-art detection rates while being intuitive as well as very fast which leaves sufficient processing time for further operations such as tracking and danger estimation.
The Potential of Tissue Engineering and Regeneration for CraniofacialBone

Bone regeneration is a complex, well-coordinated physiological process. Large quantities of bone regeneration are often required for craniofacial skeletal reconstruction of large bone defects created by trauma, tumor resection, infection, and skeletal abnormalities. Over the last two decades, a tissue engineering and regeneration approach has been developed as an alternative to conventional surgical treatments using bone grafts. Tissue engineering methods have several advantages including the potential to regenerate bone with natural form and function. This review presents several key elements of tissue engineering for craniofacial bone: the signaling molecules (proteins and genes); scaffolds or supporting matrices; and cells. Furthermore, the advantages, challenges, and risks related with each element will be discussed.
Bridging Theory and Practice in Headship Preparation

This article draws on research undertaken in Scotland as part of an International Study of Principal Preparation (ISPP). The study is designed to address the question ‘How useful are principal preparation programmes to novice headteachers? ’ Drawing on the research data from Scotland, the authors examine how novice headteachers navigate the complex area of practice by integrating personal and professional knowledge over time. They also identify key questions for future study.
Compensation of Distorted Secondary Current Caused by Saturation and Remanence in a Current Transformer

A large primary current and DC component in a current transformer (CT) will result in a distorted secondary current if the CT becomes saturated. It may lead to a malfunction in the protective relay because of a smaller rms current resulting from the distorted current during fault occurrence. Hence, detection and correction of the distorted current caused by the saturated CT is crucial. This paper employed wavelet transform to detect the time for fault occurrence and identify all saturation periods. Five features of the fault current were extracted. Fuzzy-c-means was utilized to partition all possible fault currents into 42 clusters according to their features through statistic tests. Forty-two nonlinear regression formulas were developed individually to obtain compensated secondary currents at the initial stage. Takagi-Sugeno-Kang fuzzy rules were then employed to integrate output currents obtained by all the nonlinear regression formulas into the final compensated secondary current. The proposed method was verified by Simulink/Visual C and was also implemented in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA, Altera Stratix EP1S25F780C5 development board) chip. The test results show the applicability of the proposed method.
Tacit Knowledge, Organizational Learning and Societal Institutions: An Integrated Framework

The importance of tacit knowledge in organizational learning and innovation has become the focus of considerable attention in the recent literature. Our understanding of the nature of the links between tacit knowledge and organizational learning, however, has been hampered by the lack of a conceptual framework integrating micro-level learning activities with organizational forms and macro-level societal institutions. This paper seeks to achieve such an integrative task. It argues that there is an interactive relationship between dominant knowledge types and organizational forms. Further, the extent to which tacit knowledge constitutes the knowledge base of the firm, and how it is formed and used are powerfully shaped by the broader institutional context. The paper develops a four-fold typology at the cognitive, organizational and societal levels, as an analytical framework to explain the links between knowledge types, organizational forms and societal institutions. It shows how the three levels interact to shape the learning and innovative capabilities of firms. The theory developed in this paper represents the first attempt to integrate the diverse strands of literature and different levels of analysis into a single coherent framework.
Pharmacological treatment of antipsychotic-induced dyslipidemia and hypertension

Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are associated with significant comorbid metabolic abnormalities. Adjunct medications may be prescribed to treat these metabolic side effects, but the evidence supporting this practice (especially for the management of antipsychotic-associated dyslipidemia and hypertension) is limited. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the effects of adjunct medications on triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and blood pressure levels in participants taking SGAs for psychosis. Studies were systematically searched and evaluated. Studies were included for review if participants were taking SGAs and if lipid and/or blood pressure levels were included as outcome measures. Statins, conventional lipid-lowering agents, fluvoxamine, ramelteon, topiramate, valsartan, telmisartan, omega-3 fatty acids, metformin (including both immediate-release and extended-release formulations), and a combination of metformin–sibutramine seemed to have beneficial effects on lipid levels. Valsartan, telmisartan, and topiramate appeared to be effective for controlling increases in blood pressure. The literature on adjunct medications for the treatment of antipsychotic-associated dyslipidemia and hypertension is not exhaustive, and long-term randomized-controlled trials would offer valuable results.
Symbiotic Effectiveness of Rhizobial Mutualists Varies in Interactions with Native Australian Legume Genera

Background and Objectives Interactions between plants and beneficial soil organisms (e.g. rhizobial bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi) are models for investigating the ecological impacts of such associations in plant communities, and the evolution and maintenance of variation in mutualisms (e.g. host specificity and the level of benefits provided). With relatively few exceptions, variation in symbiotic effectiveness across wild host species is largely unexplored. Methods We evaluated these associations using representatives of several legume genera which commonly co-occur in natural ecosystems in south-eastern Australia and an extensive set of rhizobial strains isolated from these hosts. These strains had been previously assigned to specific phylotypes on the basis of molecular analyses. In the first of two inoculation experiments, the growth responses of each host species was evaluated with rhizobial strains isolated from that species. The second experiment assessed performance across genera and the extent of host specificity using a subset of these strains. Results While host growth responses to their own (sympatric) isolates varied considerably, rhizobial phylotype was a significant predictor of symbiotic performance, indicating that bacterial species designations on the basis of molecular markers have ecological importance. Hosts responded in qualitatively different ways to sympatric and allopatric strains of rhizobia, ranging from species with a clear preference for their own strains, to those that were broad generalists, through to species that grew significantly better with allopatric strains. Conclusion Theory has focused on trade-offs between the provision of benefits and symbiont competitive ability that might explain the persistence of less beneficial strains. However, differences in performance among co-occurring host species could also drive such patterns. Our results thus highlight the likely importance of plant community structure in maintaining variation in symbiotic effectiveness.
Association of coronary ischemia estimated by fractional flow reserve and psychological characteristics of patients

Introduction Psychological characteristics of patients, depression, stress and anxiety are recognized as important confounding risk factors for ischemic heart disease. However, the impact of psychological characteristics on coronary ischemia and vice versa remain poorly understood. Aim To demonstrate the interplay of psychological characteristics, depression, stress and anxiety with coronary ischemia estimated with fractional flow reserve (FFR). Material and methods From 2014 to 2016, 147 patients who were planned for FFR measurement were included in this study. Psychological characteristics of patients were evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 items (DASS 21) self-report questionnaire. Results Comparing the FFR ischemic vs. FFR non-ischemic groups, a significant difference was observed regarding results achieved for the depression, anxiety and stress scales. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to model the correlation between FFR and the DAS scale. It was clear, when controlling for previous myocardial infarction, that FFR was significant in all analyses. However, when the Canadian Cardiovascular Society grading of angina pectoris (CCS) class was entered in the model, FFR was not a significant predictor of anxiety, but was significant in other analysis. Conclusions Higher degrees of the psychological characteristics depression, stress and anxiety were observed in the group of patients with coronary ischemia, corresponding to lower fractional flow values.
Visual analytics for detecting behaviour patterns in geo-temporal data

Today raw data get more complex and are obtained from different sources. In this paper, the data sources evaluated are GPS tracks of thirty five cards and purchase records of fifty four persons over a time span of two weeks. Additionally, a map and more background information has been provided. Visual Analytics is indispensable for event- and pattern-recognition and the understanding of as well as getting a sense for spatial properties. This paper describes a journey from dealing with geo-temporal data over creating a data foundation for further means to an exploration tool that enables every user to access the data in an interactive, fast and non-exhausting way.
Ishemia-Reperfusion enhances GAPDH nitration in aging skeletal muscle

Aging and skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury leads to decreased contractile force generation that increases severely with age. Our studies show that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) protein expression is significantly decreased at 3 and 5 days reperfusion in the young mouse muscle and at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days in the aged muscle. Using PCR, we have shown that GAPDH mRNA levels in young and old muscle increase at 5 days reperfusion compared to control, suggesting that the protein deficit is not transcriptional. Furthermore, while total tyrosine nitration did not increase in the young muscle, GAPDH nitration increased significantly at 1 and 3 days reperfusion. In contrast, total tyrosine nitration in aged muscle increased significantly at 1, 3, and 5 days of reperfusion, with increases in GAPDH nitration at the same time points. We conclude that GAPDH protein levels decrease following I/R, that this is not transcriptionally mediated, that the aged muscle experiences greater oxidative stress, protein modification and GAPDH degradation, possibly contributing to decreased muscle function. We propose that tyrosine nitration enhances GAPDH degradation following I/R and that the persistent decrease of GAPDH in aged muscle is due to the prolonged increase in oxidative modification in this age group.
Low temperature characterization of mobility in advanced FD-SOI n-MOSFETs under interface coupling conditions

In this work, we demonstrate the powerful methodology of electronic transport characterization in UTBB FD-SOI devices using cryogenic operation under interface coupling measurement condition. At first we study quantitatively the high-k/metal gate stack-induced transport behavior in long channel case, and, then we investigate the transport properties evolution in highly scaled devices. Mobility degradation in short devices is shown to stem from additional scattering mechanism, unlike long channel devices, which are attributed to process-induced defects near source and drain region.
Cold water swimming pretreatment reduces cognitive deficits in a rat model of traumatic brain injury

A moderate stress such as cold water swimming can raise the tolerance of the body to potentially injurious events. However, little is known about the mechanism of beneficial effects induced by moderate stress. In this study, we used a classic rat model of traumatic brain injury to test the hypothesis that cold water swimming preconditioning improved the recovery of cognitive functions and explored the mechanisms. Results showed that after traumatic brain injury, pre-conditioned rats (cold water swimming for 3 minutes at 4°C) spent a significantly higher percent of times in the goal quadrant of cold water swim, and escape latencies were shorter than for non-pretreated rats. The number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells was significantly higher in pre-conditioned rats than those without pretreatment at 0, 3, 6 and 24 hours after traumatic brain injury. Immunohistochemical staining and Von Willebrand factor staining demonstrated that the number of CD34+ stem cells and new blood vessels in the injured hippocampus tissue increased significantly in pre-conditioned rats. These data suggest that pretreatment with cold water swimming could promote the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells and angiogenesis in the peripheral blood and hippocampus. It also ameliorated cognitive deficits caused by experimental traumatic brain injury.
ARCHITECTURE OF KEPLER'S MULTI-TRANSITING SYSTEMS. II. NEW INVESTIGATIONS WITH TWICE AS MANY CANDIDATES

We report on the orbital architectures of Kepler systems having multiple-planet candidates identified in the analysis of data from the first six quarters of Kepler data and reported by Batalha et al. (2013). These data show 899 transiting planet candidates in 365 multiple-planet systems and provide a powerful means to study the statistical properties of planetary systems. Using a generic mass–radius relationship, we find that only two pairs of planets in these candidate systems (out of 761 pairs total) appear to be on Hill-unstable orbits, indicating ∼96% of the candidate planetary systems are correctly interpreted as true systems. We find that planet pairs show little statistical preference to be near mean-motion resonances. We identify an asymmetry in the distribution of period ratios near first-order resonances (e.g., 2:1, 3:2), with an excess of planet pairs lying wide of resonance and relatively few lying narrow of resonance. Finally, based upon the transit duration ratios of adjacent planets in each system, we find that the interior planet tends to have a smaller transit impact parameter than the exterior planet does. This finding suggests that the mode of the mutual inclinations of planetary orbital planes is in the range 1. °0–2. °2, for the packed systems of small planets probed by these observations.
Overexpression of IL-18 in the Proliferative Phase Endometrium of Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibit low implantation rate and high abortion rate. To explore the effect of low-grade chronic inflammation on endometrium of women with PCOS, we investigated the expression of interleukin 18 (IL-18) in the endometrium of 23 women with PCOS and 20 healthy women. Endometrial tissue samples were obtained during hysteroscopic surgery. We found that IL-18 was significantly increased in the endometrium of women with PCOS compared with normal groups. In overweight women, IL-18 was obviously overexpressed in the PCOS group compared to the healthy group. However, in normal-weight women, there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups, and there was no significant difference in IL-18 expression in patients having PCOS with or without insulin resistance. We conclude that IL-18 protein and messenger RNA levels are increased in the endometrium of patients with PCOS, and this effect is correlated with body mass index.
Ethnicity and survival on dialysis in west London.

BACKGROUND Indo-Asian and Afro-Caribbean patients have higher rates of renal failure and requirement for renal replacement therapy than the general population in the UK. Despite this, information regarding survival on dialysis is limited. METHODS The incident hemodialysis population of a large west London renal service was reviewed from 1996 to 2001 (N = 465). RESULTS The cohort's ethnic background was Indo-Asian (30.8%), Caucasian (49%), Afro-Caribbean (18.3%), and other (1.9%). Indo-Asians and Afro-Caribbeans were younger than Caucasian patients, with a higher rate of diabetes mellitus. Survival on hemodialysis for Indo-Asians was 97.5% and 81.6% at 1 and 3 years, respectively, compared with 92.7% and 75.2% for Caucasians, and 97.5% and 85.3% for Afro-Caribbeans (P = nonsignificant). Dialysis adequacy was observed to be associated with survival. Patients with mean single pool Kt/V of over 1.4 had survival of 90.6% and 74.8% at 2 and 5 years, respectively, compared with 74.0% and 42.9% for those with Kt/V less than 1.4 (P < 0.001). There were significantly more patients in the Indo-Asian cohort with a mean Kt/V of 1.4 or over (87.4%) compared with Caucasians (57.6%) and Afro-Caribbeans (52.4%), and the benefit of higher Kt/V was seen in all ethnic groups. In a multivariate analysis of factors including Kt/V over 1.4, age, diabetic status, gender, and ethnicity, Indo-Asian or Afro-Caribbean ethnicity did not confer a survival disadvantage. The strongest predictors of survival were age and dialysis adequacy. CONCLUSION Indo-Asian and Afro-Caribbean hemodialysis patients have survival comparable to Caucasians despite a higher burden of diabetes.
The relationship between trust, attachment, and antisocial work behaviors

Three studies tested hypotheses derived from an integrative social exchange — attachment model suggesting that employees' trust in an organization or its authorities predicts antisocial work behaviors, which should be mediated by the extent to which employees feel attached to the organization and/or its members. Study 1 showed that perceptions of workgroup cohesion mediate the relationship between trust in senior management and antisocial work behaviors. Study 2 suggested that intentions to stay with the organization mediate the relationship between trust in supervisor and antisocial work behaviors. Study 3 found that the relationship between trust in organization and antisocial work behaviors was partially mediated by perceptions of workgroup cohesion. In sum, results provide converging evidence that trust relates to antisocial behaviors indirectly, through feelings of attachment to the organization and its members.
Antibiotics in Canadian poultry productions and anticipated alternatives

The use of antibiotics in food-producing animals has significantly increased animal health by lowering mortality and the incidence of diseases. Antibiotics also have largely contributed to increase productivity of farms. However, antibiotic usage in general and relevance of non-therapeutic antibiotics (growth promoters) in feed need to be reevaluated especially because bacterial pathogens of humans and animals have developed and shared a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can easily be spread within microbial communities. In Canada, poultry production involves more than 2600 regulated chicken producers who have access to several antibiotics approved as feed additives for poultry. Feed recipes and mixtures vary greatly geographically and from one farm to another, making links between use of a specific antibiotic feed additive and production yields or selection of specific antibiotic-resistant bacteria difficult to establish. Many on-farm studies have revealed the widespread presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in broiler chickens. While some reports linked the presence of antibiotic-resistant organisms to the use of feed supplemented with antibiotics, no recent studies could clearly demonstrate the benefit of antimicrobial growth promoters on performance and production yields. With modern biosecurity and hygienic practices, there is a genuine concern that intensive utilization of antibiotics or use of antimicrobial growth promoters in feed might no longer be useful. Public pressure and concerns about food and environmental safety (antibiotic residues, antibiotic-resistant pathogens) have driven researchers to actively look for alternatives to antibiotics. Some of the alternatives include pre- and probiotics, organic acids and essential oils. We will describe here the properties of some bioactive molecules, like those found in cranberry, which have shown interesting polyvalent antibacterial and immuno-stimulatory activities.
Tracking Facts in Multiple Evolving Texts : Towards Dynamic Information Extraction

Tracking salient facts in a set of topically related texts is a problem relevant to many natural language processing tasks, including question answering and text summarization. Other areas of research, such as traditional information extraction and the Topic Detection and Tracking initiatives, have either focused on understanding the content of an individual text (IE) or on handling multiple inputs over time (TDT), but neither has done both simultaneously. In an attempt to better understand how evolving texts change over time, this paper presents a corpus analysis of tracking facts in sets of topically related news articles covering breaking stories. We argue that tracking facts in dynamic texts should be treated as a multi-dimensional problem, where information varies by factors such as time and source. This work is a first step towards enhancing current applications, in particular Q&A systems, by incorporating information about time and change in their presentation of the facts.