Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cryptographic Watermarking & Stream Cipher Technique for Robust FPGA Intellectual Property Protection

Stored in the spare space of the configuration non-volatile memory, the authentication message and the program codes of an application specific instruction set processor (ASIP), can constitute a secure programmable logic solution to the SRAM-typed FPGA design. Also, we propose a time varying authentication algorithm by two identical stream cipher algorithms in both FPGA and configuration controller device. The proposed clone-free protection technique has three advantages: First, no extra special chip is needed for authentication and identification. Second, the authentication message and the program codes of the embedded reconfigurable controller can be encrypted or compressed for security purpose. Finally, they all are not included in the readable configuration bit streams
An organization topographic map for visualizing business hierarchical relationships

Visualization of the actual conditions of an organization is a very challenging issue. We propose a new system called a Business Microscope that senses the activities of people in an organization and provides visual feedback to users. We use name-tag shaped sensor nodes to measure face-to-face interaction between employees. The massive amount of data collected by the sensor-network terminal are signal-processed by the server and displayed as an organization's topographic map that displays the frequencies of organizational activities. To depict the organization's topographic map, our system creates a novel relation tree using the interaction data from all pairs of members. In this kind of map, some groups in the organization hierarchically form islands. Members in those islands who have relationships with many others form mountains that are plotted with contours. We can comprehend the actual conditions of organizations from our topographic map. We tested our technique in several experiments to evaluate this system.
Monetary Policy and Foreign Shocks : A SVAR Analysis for Malaysia

This paper presents a structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) model of monetary policy in Malaysia. The model takes into account the economic and financial conditions in Malaysia‘s two most important trading partners, the United States and Japan. Identification of the SVAR is achieved by imposing zero restrictions non-recursively on the contemporaneous interactions among the variables. This identification leads to the interpretation of an interest rate shock as unanticipated monetary policy. We find that unanticipated monetary policy explains very little of the variability in output and inflation at all forecast horizons but does account for some short run variability in the real exchange rate. Foreign variables explain most of the variability of output and inflation, though domestic credit is important for output at the one quarter horizon. We conclude that foreign shocks are the dominant influence on the macroeconomic performance of Malaysia.
Mechanical properties of the Schneiderian membrane in vitro.

OBJECTIVES Perforation of the Schneiderian membrane (maxillary sinus mucosa) is a common complication of maxillary sinus graft procedures. Membrane perforation increases the chance of postoperative sinusitis and endangers graft as well as implant survival. The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanical properties of the Schneiderian membrane. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three test methods were performed on sinus specimen of 20 fresh human cadavers: one- and two-dimensional membrane elongation as far as perforation, as well as membrane detachment from the adherent bone. RESULTS Perforation of the Schneiderian membrane (mean thickness: 90 mum) occurred at a mean tension of 7.3 N/mm(2). The membrane could be stretched to 132.6% of its original size in one-dimensional elongation, and to 124.7% in two-dimensional elongation. Thicker membranes demonstrated significantly higher load limits (P<0.001). The mean modulus of elasticity accounted 0.058 GPa, the mean adhesion force between sinus membrane and bone surface was 0.05 N/mm. CONCLUSIONS Respecting the mechanical properties of the Schneiderian membrane may help reducing the complication rates and thus patient morbidity in minimally invasive maxillary sinus floor elevation.
Significance of CD34 Negative Hematopoietic Stem Cells and CD34 Positive Mesenchymal Stem Cells - A Valuable Dimension to the Current Understanding.

BACKGROUND The strategy to expand CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is being increasingly practiced to meet the demand for a higher cell dose. This is for hematopoietic reconstitution in patients with higher body weights. Interestingly, literature reports show that CD34- (CD34 negative) cell population also possesses the potential to reconstitute the bone marrow & in a certain phase, converts them into CD34+ phenotype. The current practice of positive selection of CD34+ HSCs by eliminating rest of the (CD34-) population for expansion could probably pose a risk of losing valuable HSCs with good reconstitution potentials. MSCs (Mesenchymal Stem Cells) hold great promise for use in various regenerative medicine applications. International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) defined MSCs to be CD34 negative; tissue resident MSCs and peripheral blood-derived MSCs express CD34 on their surface even in vitro, though up to limited passages. This interesting observation of CD34 positive expression displayed in vivo by non-hematopoietic cell types such as MSCs was intriguing, thus prompting a detailed review of its significance, if any. OBJECTIVE Based on an extensive review, we strongly believe that CD34 expression in MSCs has some significant role in hematopoietic reconstitution & in regeneration of degenerated tissues. The concept of poor CD34 expression or stunted expression by certain MSCs should not be ignored. Several interesting research findings are in agreement with our assumption. However, it still leaves behind several unanswered questions that can only be addressed through detailed studies of phenotypic developmental pathways of MSCs.
Transgressions of compartment boundaries and cell reprogramming during regeneration in Drosophila

Animals have developed mechanisms to reconstruct lost or damaged tissues. To regenerate those tissues the cells implicated have to undergo developmental reprogramming. The imaginal discs of Drosophila are subdivided into distinct compartments, which derive from different genetic programs. This feature makes them a convenient system to study reprogramming during regeneration. We find that massive damage inflicted to the posterior or the dorsal compartment of the wing disc causes a transient breakdown of compartment boundaries, which are quickly reconstructed. The cells involved in the reconstruction often modify their original identity, visualized by changes in the expression of developmental genes like engrailed or cubitus interruptus. This reprogramming is mediated by up regulation of the JNK pathway and transient debilitation of the epigenetic control mechanism. Our results also show that the local developmental context plays a role in the acquisition of new cell identities: cells expressing engrailed induce engrailed expression in neighbor cells. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.01831. 001
Anesthetic Influence on Arteriolar Diameters and Tissue Oxygen Tension in Hemorrhaged Rats

&NA; Arteriolar diameters and tissue oxygen tensions were measured in the cremaster muscles of 68 hemorrhaged rats which were anesthetized with either intramuscular ketamine, 125 mg/kg, plus 30 mg/ kg supplements as needed, or enflurane, 2.2% inspired. Animals breathed room air, or room air plus enflurane, throughout the experiments. Arterioles in the cremaster muscle were identified according to successive orders of branching, and the internal diameters of first‐, third‐, and fourth‐order vessels were measured at 30‐s intervals. Cremaster muscle oxygen tension was measured polarographically with platinum‐iridium microelectrodes. Mean arterial pressure was controlled at 30–35 mmHg during 30 min of hemorrhage, and maximum shed blood volumes were similar (2.6 ml/100 g) in both groups. Principal responses to hemorrhage in rats receiving enflurane were 1) constriction in first‐, third‐, and fourth‐order arterioles, and 2) tissue hypoxia. In hemorrhaged rats receiving ketamine, the constrictor response to hemorrhage either was diminished (first‐ and third‐order arterioles) or abolished (fourth‐order arterioles), and tissue hypoxia did not occur. The authors conclude that ketamine, as compared with enflurane, diminishes or prevents arteriolar constriction and tissue hypoxia in the cremaster muscle of hemorrhaged rats.
Otorhinolaryngologic examination in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: the correlation between the severity of sleep disorder and physical examination.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare nasopharyngeal examination findings with those of polysomnography, which is considered to be the gold standard, in positional and nonpositional obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 374 patients (215 males, 159 females; mean age 44.9 years; range 11 to 77 years) presenting with OSAS or simple snoring. Patients underwent polysomnography recordings and otorhinolaryngologic examination including fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy with the Müller maneuver. The correlation of the data scoredwith the polysomnographic findings and body mass index (BMI) was investigated. The findings were assessed using the Mann Whitney U-test (anatomic findings) and Student t-test (Müller maneuver). RESULTS Body mass index was correlated with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), AHI-Lateral AHI-supine, the grade of the tongue base and neck circumference (p<0.05). In general, the dominant level of obstruction was at the soft palate level in patients with severe OSAS. There was a positive correlation between the grade of lateral obstruction at the soft palate level and AHI and AHI-lateral (p=0.01, p=0.02, respectively). The grade of anteroposterior obstruction at the tongue base level had a significant correlation with AHI- total and AHI-supine (p<0.05). The grade of the tonsillar hypertrophy revealed significant correlation with AHI-total and AHI-supine (p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between the degree of the nasal septal deviation and AHI (p>0.05). CONCLUSION When upper airway obstruction is evaluated, AHI and positional AHI values should be used separately.
Common-pool Resources, Ecotourism and Sustainable Development

This paper establishes an ecotourism model to analyze the role of local residents and government in achieving sustainable development. By incorporating into the model the properties of common-pool resources to which the tourism activities are linked, we prove that ecotourism cannot guarantee sustainable development for a rural area unless it is accompanied by suitable policies to reduce firms numbers and/or a tourist tax. More specifically, we find two stable equilibra: one characterized by low or even a zero level of natural resources, and the other a high level. In the low equilibrium, extinction or zero stock of natural resources occurs under open access to zero transport cost and marginal environmental maintenance cost. The high equilibrium corresponds to higher social welfare, and that can be assured by policies of a tourist tax, license fee, limiting the number of firms and restriction on the population of potential tourists. More importantly, we prove that although the high equilibrium is better than low equilibrium, it may not be optimal. The optimum welfare can only be achieved by a direct tax on tourists, not solely by policies controlling the number of firms. JEL Classification-JEL: Q01, Q57, L83
Biomarkeri hronične bolesti bubrega u populacijama sa rizikom: rezultati skrininga sprovedenog u Priboju

Uvod. Hronicne bolesti bubrega predstavljaju ozbiljan zdravstveni problem pa se njihovoj prevenciji i ranom otkrivanju posvecuje velika pažnja. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se ustanovi ucestalost biomarkera hronicne bolesti bubrega u tri rizicne grupe. Metode. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 77 ispitanika: 31 bolesnika sa hipertenzijom,30 bolesnika sa tipom 2 dijabetesa i 16 ispitanika starijih od 60 godina bez hipertenzije i dijabetesa. Pored ankete, svim bolesnicima je izmeren krvni pritisak, određen indeks telesne mase, izmerena koncentracija glukoze, uree i kreatinina u serumu, određeni proteini i albumin u urinu test trakama. Jacina glomerulske filtracije (JGF) izracunata je pomocu Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formule. Rezultati. Tri grupe ispitanika bile su podudarne po polu, a vise od polovine bolesnika sa hipertenzijom i dijabetesom bilo je starije od 60 godina. U grupi bolesnika sa dijabetesom 26 (86,6%) je imalo hipertenziju, a prekomerno uhranjenih bilo je 67,7% bolesnika sa hipertenzijom, 76,7% onih sa dijabetesom i 25% starijih od 60 godina. Krvni pritisak u preporucenom opsegu imalo je preko dve trecine bolesnika sa hipertenzijom i dijabetesom, a ACEI je koristilo 74,2% bolesnika sa hipertenzijom i 80% bolesnika sa dijabetesom. Kod 23 (76,6%) bolesnika sa dijabetesom glikemija naste bila je preko 6,1 mmol/L. JGF ispod 60 ml/min/1,73m2 imalo je 7 (22,6%) bolesnika sa hipertenzijom, 14 (46,7%) sa dijabetesom i 3(18,8%) iz grupe starijih od 60 godina. Albuminuriju ≥ 20 mg/L imala su 22 (61%) bolesnika sa hipertenzijom, 25 (83,4%) sa dijabetesom i 10 (62,5%) starijih od 60 godina. Zakljucak. Iako su primenjene metode skrininga mogle da precene ucestalost smanjene JGF i albuminurije, rezultati studije potvrđuje znacaj redovnih kontrola funkcije bubrega u populacijama sa rizikom.
[Specific remedial therapy in a specialist unit: evaluation of 31 children with severe, specific language or reading disorders over one academic year].

INTRODUCTION Up to 3 percent of the children in France present severe and specific language and/or reading disorders, despite regular remedial therapies. Few studies have measured the effectiveness of treatment administered in a specialist unit. PATIENTS AND METHOD The aims of this study, focusing on children diagnosed as dysphasic and/or dyslexic, were: During the academic year 2001-2002, 31 children (18 dyslexic and 13 dysphasic) were attending school in our unit. The teaching program and intensive speech therapy (3 hours/week) were tailored for each child according to his/her specific disorders. Reading, spelling and numeracy developmental skills of each child were evaluated by appropriate tools at the beginning and at the end of the year. Impairment was defined by measuring the gap between the observed and the expected skills, according to each child's age. Using a self-control method, progress achieved by each child throughout the year was calculated with each tool, in each subject, by subtracting the impairments disclosed at the beginning from those disclosed at the end of the year. Progression was classified within three groups according to the progress normally expected over an academic year (i.e. nine months) from children with no disabilities attending school regularly; a progression fewer than three months was considered as no progression. Uni- and multivariate analyses including age (< or= or />9), type of pathology (dysphasia/dyslexia), and intellectual quotient (IQ) as covariates was carried out to search for independent prognosticators. RESULTS The entire group demonstrated during the year significant progress for reading (p = 0.0001), spelling (p = 0.0001) and numeracy (p = 0.0001). Nineteen children (61 percent) showed more progress in reading than normally expected over nine months. Out of the remaining 12 children, 10 demonstrated more progress in spelling and/or numeracy than normally expected over nine months. All three reading evaluation tools disclosed a progression although one was less efficient (p = 0.05). Multivariate analysis disclosed age< or=9 and dysphasia as independent progress prognosticators. CONCLUSION Placement in a specialist unit allows children suffering from severe dyslexia and dysphasia to lessen the gap in reading, spelling and numeracy. The two prognosticators disclosed highlight the importance of early diagnosis (i.e. before nine years old) and treatment of specific language and/or reading disorders.
Miniature End-Capped Fiber Sensor for Refractive Index and Temperature Measurement

We have demonstrated an end-of-fiber polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) cap based fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer in this letter, which could be used for simultaneous measurement of refractive index (RI) and temperature with extremely low cross sensitivity. The RI and temperature sensitivities of the interferometer are -240.425 dB/RI unit based on extinction ratio measurement in the RI range of 1.3625-1.4150 and 385.46 pm/°C in the temperature range of 25°C-60°C, respectively. Not only does the interferometer have the characteristics of high sensitivity and low cost, but also PDMS has a good biocompatibility, so that the sensor can be used as a cell culture or bacteria growth detection probe.
Temporal aspect of three visual search tasks by using TMS

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is applied as an important method to investigate human cognitive process. In this study, we used TMS to investigate temporal aspect of the right posterior parietal cortex involved in visual search. Subjects were required to respond as quickly and accurately as possible by pressing a mouse button to indicate the presence or absence of the target, and the reaction times were measured. Subjects received three experiments which the TMS stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA) were set as 100, 150 and 200 ms after visual stimulus presentation. When we examined the effects of TMS on pop-out visual search, there was a significant elevation in target-present reaction time when the TMS pluses were applied 150 ms after visual stimulus presentation. However for the other SOA cases and conjunction visual search task, there was no significant difference between no-TMS and TMS conditions. Therefore, we considered that the right posterior parietal cortex was involved in the pop-out visual search at about 150 ms after visual stimulus presentation.
HIV-1 matrix protein p17 promotes angiogenesis via chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2

Vascular diseases supported by aberrant angiogenesis have increased incidence in HIV-1–infected patients. Several data suggest that endothelium dysfunction relies on action of HIV-1 proteins rather than on a direct effect of the virus itself. The HIV-1 matrix protein p17 is known to deregulate the biological activity of different immune cells. Recently, p17 was found to mimic IL-8 chemokine activity by binding to the IL-8 receptor CXCR1. Here we show that p17 binds with high affinity to CXCR2, a CXCR1-related receptor, and promotes the formation of capillary-like structures on human endothelial cells (ECs) by interacting with both CXCR1 and CXCR2 expressed on the EC surface. ERK signaling via Akt was defined as the pathway responsible for p17-induced tube formation. Ex vivo and in vivo experimental models confirmed the provasculogenic activity of p17, which was comparable to that induced by VEGF-A. The hypothesis of a major role for p17 in HIV-1–induced aberrant angiogenesis is enforced by the finding that p17 is detected, as a single protein, in blood vessels of HIV-1–patients and in particular in the nucleus of ECs. Localization of p17 in the nucleus of ECs was evidenced also in in vitro experiments, suggesting the internalization of exogenous p17 in ECs by mechanisms of receptor-mediated endocytosis. Recognizing p17 interaction with CXCR1 and CXCR2 as the key event in sustaining EC aberrant angiogenesis could help us to identify new treatment strategies in combating AIDS-related vascular diseases.
Pulling it together

Transforming acidic coiled coil 3 (TACC3) is a non-motor microtubule-associated protein (MAP) that is important for mitotic spindle stability and organisation. The exact mechanism by which TACC3 acts at microtubules to stabilise the spindle has been unclear. However, several recent studies identified that the TACC3 complex at microtubules contains clathrin in addition to its previously identified binding partner, colonic and hepatic tumour over-expressed gene (ch-TOG). In this complex, phosphorylated TACC3 interacts directly with both ch-TOG and clathrin heavy chain, promoting accumulation of all complex members at the mitotic spindle. This complex stabilises kinetochore fibres within the spindle by forming cross-bridges that link adjacent microtubules in these bundles. So, TACC3 is an adaptor that recruits ch-TOG and clathrin to mitotic microtubules, in an Aurora A kinase-regulated manner. In this mini-review we will describe the recent advances in the understanding of TACC3 function and present a model that pulls together these new data with previous observations.
Expression of Heat-Shock Protein 25 Immunoreactivity in the Dental Pulp and Enamel Organ During Odontogenesis in the Rat Molar

The present immunocytochemical study reports on the expression of heat-shock protein (Hsp) 25 during odontogenesis in rat molars from postnatal 1 to 100 days. Hsp 25 immunoreactivity (IR) appeared in the immature dental mesenchymal cells and the differentiating and differentiated odontoblasts. At 30 days, the coronal odontoblasts retained intense Hsp 25-IR, whereas the odontoblasts in the root and floor pulp were initially weak or negative but increased in IR in the later stages, indicating that the expression of Hsp 25 reflects the differentiation status of odontoblasts. During amelogenesis, the secretory ameloblasts were Hsp 25 immunopositive and the enamel free area (EFA) cells showed intense Hsp 25-IR when they developed a ruffled border. Ruffle-ended ameloblasts (RA) also consistently showed intense Hsp 25-IR, but smooth-ended ameloblasts (SA) showed weak IR. These data suggest that Hsp 25 is related to the formation and maintenance of the ruffled border of RA and EFA cells.
Vision Outcomes and Major Complications after Endovascular Coil Embolization of Ophthalmic Segment Aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: As aneurysms arising from the ophthalmic segment of the internal carotid artery increase in size, they can compress the optic nerve, prompting patients to present with visual disturbances. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical and angiographic results with an emphasis on visual outcomes following the endovascular treatment of ophthalmic segment ICA aneurysms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 1254 patients who presented for endovascular treatment of a cerebral aneurysm were retrospectively reviewed to identify 65 consecutive patients who underwent coil embolization of an ophthalmic segment ICA aneurysm. The clinical records, treatment reports, and imaging were reviewed with a focus on visual outcomes. RESULTS: Twenty-two of the 65 patients (34%) who presented for treatment of an ophthalmic aneurysm reported a visual disturbance at presentation. Fifteen of the 22 patients (68%) experienced an improvement in their symptoms after treatment. Overall, patients with visual symptoms were significantly more likely to benefit from treatment than to have a decline in vision (P = .03). The overall morbidity was 4%, and mortality was 0%. The retreatment rate was high at 30%, though this was disproportionately weighted by an 86% retreatment rate in patients with ruptured aneurysms. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with visual symptoms attributable to ophthalmic segment ICA aneurysms undergoing endovascular coil embolization were statistically more likely to experience an improvement in their vision than to have worsening or unchanged vision. Coiling was associated with a low morbidity rate, though an elevated retreatment rate.