Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Return on Investment of Implementing a Continuous Monitoring System in General Medical-Surgical Units*

Objectives:To evaluate the cost savings attributable to the implementation of a continuous monitoring system in a medical-surgical unit and to determine the return on investment associated with its implementation. Design:Return on investment analysis. Setting:A 316-bed community hospital. Patients:Medicine, surgery, or trauma patients admitted or transferred to a 33-bed medical-surgical unit. Interventions:Each bed was equipped with a monitoring unit, with data collected and compared in a 9-month preimplementation period to a 9-month postimplementation period. Measurements and Main Results:Two models were constructed: a base case model (A) in which we estimated the total cost savings of intervention effects and a conservative model (B) in which we only included the direct variable cost component for the final day of length of stay and treatment of pressure ulcers. In the 5-year return on investment model, the monitoring system saved between $3,268,000 (conservative model B) and $9,089,000 (base model A), given an 80% prospective reimbursement rate. A net benefit of between $2,687,000 ($658,000 annualized) and $8,508,000 ($2,085,000 annualized) was reported, with the hospital breaking even on the investment after 0.5 and 0.75 of a year, respectively. The average net benefit of implementing the system ranged from $224 per patient (model B) to $710 per patient (model A) per year. A multiway sensitivity analyses was performed using the most and least favorable conditions for all variables. In the case of the most favorable conditions, the analysis yielded a net benefit of $3,823,000 (model B) and $10,599,000 (model A), and for the least favorable conditions, a net benefit of $715,000 (model B) and $3,386,000 (model A). The return on investment for the sensitivity analysis ranged from 127.1% (25.4% annualized) (model B) to 601.7% (120.3% annualized) (model A) for the least favorable conditions and from 627.5% (125.5% annualized) (model B) to 1739.7% (347.9% annualized) (model A) for the most favorable conditions. Conclusions:Implementation of this monitoring system was associated with a highly positive return on investment. The magnitude and timing of these expected gains to the investment costs may justify the accelerated adoption of this system across remaining inpatient non-ICU wards of the community hospital.
Multiple Differential Detection of Parallel Concatenated Convolutional (Turbo) Codes in Correlated Fast Rayleigh Fading

A new technique for iterative decoding of parallel concatenated convolutional (turbo) codes (PCCCs) for the correlated fast Rayleigh fading channel is proposed and evaluated. This technique is based upon the use of a multiple differential detector (MDD) receiver structure which exploits the statistical characteristics of the fading process to overcome the effects of the rapid phase and amplitude variations. Since traditional MDD receivers cannot be used with PCCCs because they do not produce soft output and are not compatible with channel interleaving, a novel MDD receiver structure is derived which overcomes these shortfalls. In addition, with careful use of extrinsic information related to the a posteriori probability distribution function of the transmitted symbols, the receiver is designed in such a fashion as to allow channel estimation to improve with each iteration. Evaluation of the proposed receiver by means of computer simulation has shown dramatic performance improvements in fast Rayleigh fading channels as compared to long constraint-length conventional convolutional codes using both single and traditional MDD receiver structures.
Recipe for a Busy Bee: MicroRNAs in Honey Bee Caste Determination

Social caste determination in the honey bee is assumed to be determined by the dietary status of the young larvae and translated into physiological and epigenetic changes through nutrient-sensing pathways. We have employed Illumina/Solexa sequencing to examine the small RNA content in the bee larval food, and show that worker jelly is enriched in miRNA complexity and abundance relative to royal jelly. The miRNA levels in worker jelly were 7–215 fold higher than in royal jelly, and both jellies showed dynamic changes in miRNA content during the 4th to 6th day of larval development. Adding specific miRNAs to royal jelly elicited significant changes in queen larval mRNA expression and morphological characters of the emerging adult queen bee. We propose that miRNAs in the nurse bee secretions constitute an additional element in the regulatory control of caste determination in the honey bee.
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology from Graphical User Interface to Domain Class Diagram: a Reverse Engineering Approach

The Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) of software products are extensively used by researchers and practitioners in Software Engineering field. For Example, they are used for testing, measuring usability, and many other purposes. This paper describes a new reverse engineering approach to transform the GUI into class diagram. However, the correctness of such transformation process is essential for the corrected execution of the overall software. To assure this correctness, the interpreted Petri nets models will be implemented on the proposed transformation processes (i.e. capturing, normalization, and translation processes).
Analysis of Synchronization in a Neural Population by a Population Density Approach

In this paper we deal with a model describing the evolution in time of the density of a neural population in a state space, where the state is given by Izhikevich's two - dimensional single neuron model. The main goal is to mathematically describe the occurrence of a significant phenomenon observed in neurons populations, the synchronization. To this end, we are making the transition to phase density population, and use Malkin theorem to calculate the phase deviations of a weakly coupled population model.
Leukocyte polarization in cell migration and immune interactions

Cell migration plays a key role in a wide variety of biological phenomena. This process is particularly important for leukocyte function and the inflammatory response. Prior to migration leukocytes undergo polarization, with the formation of a lamellipodium at the leading edge and a uropod at the trailing edge. This cell shape allows them to convert cytoskeletal forces into net cell‐body displacement. Leukocyte chemoattractants, including chemokines, provide directional cues for leukocyte motility, and concomitantly induce polarization. Chemoattractant receptors, integrins and other adhesion molecules, cytoskeletal proteins and intracellular regulatory molecules change their cellular localization during cell polarization. A complex system of signal transduction molecules, including tyrosine kinases, lipid kinases, second messengers and members of the Rho family of small GTPases is thought to regulate the cytoskeletal rearrangements underlying leukocyte polarization and migration. The elucidation of the mechanisms and signals that control this complex reorganization will lead to a better understanding of critical questions in cell biology of leukocyte migration and polarity.
Image forgery detection using feature based clustering in JPEG images

JPEG images are most commonly used in a wide variety of applications. JPEG compression properties can be used for forgery detection in digital images. While performing an intended forgery, the image has to be recompressed. Therefore identifying the traces of recompression can be good clue for detecting manipulation. In this paper, a method to detect forgery in JPEG image is presented and an algorithm is devised to classify the image blocks as forged or non-forged based on this classification. The method produces better results than the previous methods which use the probability based approach for detecting forgery.
AdS/CFT and gravity

The radiation-dominated k=0 FRW cosmology emerges as the induced metric on a codimension one hypersurface of constant extrinsic curvature in the five-dimensional AdS-Schwarzschild solution. That we should get FRW cosmology in this way is an expected result from AdS/CFT in light of recent comments regarding the coupling of gravity to ''boundary'' conformal field theories. I remark on how this calculation bears on the understanding of the Randall-Sundrum ''alternative to compactification. '' A generalization of the AdS/CFT prescription for computing Green's functions is suggested, and it is shown how gravity emerges from it with a strength G{sub 4}=2G{sub 5}/L. Some upper bounds are set on the radius of curvature L of AdS{sub 5}. One of them comes from estimating the rate of leakage of visible sector energy into the CFT. That rate is connected via a unitarity relation to deviations from Newton's force law at short distances. The best bound on L obtained in this paper comes from a match to the parameters of string theory. It is L{approx}<1nm if the string scale is 1GeV. Higher string scales imply a tighter bound on L.
A dynamic programming approach to trajectory planning of robotic manipulators

This paper presents a solution to the problem of minimizing the cost of moving a robotic manipulator along a specified geometric path subject to input torque/force constraints, taking the coupled, nonlinear dynamics of the manipulator into account. The proposed method uses dynamic programming (DP) to find the positions, velocities, accelerations, and torques that minimize cost. Since the use of parametric functions reduces the dimension of the state space from 2n for an n - jointed manipulator, to two, the DP method does not suffer from the "curse of dimensionality. " While maintaining the elegance of our previous trajectory planning method, we have developed the DP method for the general case where 1) the actuator torque limits are dependent on one another, 2) the cost functions can have an arbitrary form, and 3) there are constraints on the jerk, or derivative of the acceleration. Also, we have shown that the DP solution converges as the grid size decreases. As numerical examples, the trajectory planning method is simulated for the first three joints of the PACS arm, which is a cylindrical arm manufactured by the Bendix Corporation.
04 12 03 3 v 1 4 D ec 2 00 4 An Efficient Algorithm for the Hidden Subgroup Problem over a Class of Semidirect Product Groups

In this paper, we consider the hidden subgroup problem (HSP) over the class of semi-direct product groups Zn⋊Zq. The definition of the semi-direct product depending on the choice of an homomorphism, we first analyze the different possibilities for this homomorphism in function of n and q. Then, we present a polynomial-time quantum algorithm for the case Zpr ⋊ Zp when p is an odd prime.
Metabolic Challenges and Early Bone Development

SUMMARY Lameness is the phenotypic expression of a wide variety of genetic, conformational, nutritional, toxic, and infectious conditions. Poultry selected for rapid growth are susceptible to lameness, and it can be a significant source of mortality in heavy birds. Genetic selection has been successful in providing annual improvements in meat poultry productivity; however, some support systems, such as the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, have not kept up with the increase in body mass, making birds increasingly susceptible to compromise or failure of these systems. Breeders have been selecting for robust support systems in addition to increased productivity, but meat birds are still challenged with keeping structural and supply organs synchronized with the growth of demand tissues such as muscle. The structural system of the bird is comprised of bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and the connective tissue of skin and other organs. Healthy bone growth can be disrupted by developmental, nutritional, environmental, or infectious conditions, with bone problems often being associated with more than one of these causes. A review of recent reports on bone formation and the role of trace minerals in bone development and repair indicate that availability of Zn, Cu, and Mn should be considered by nutritionists who want to enhance the resilience of bone, cartilage, and other structural tissues in their birds.
Back to the roots: a probabilistic framework for query-performance prediction

The query-performance prediction task is estimating the effectiveness of a search performed in response to a query when no relevance judgments are available. Although there exist many effective prediction methods, these differ substantially in their basic principles, and rely on diverse hypotheses about the characteristics of effective retrieval. We present a novel fundamental probabilistic prediction framework. Using the framework, we derive and explain various previously proposed prediction methods that might seem completely different, but turn out to share the same formal basis. The derivations provide new perspectives on several predictors (e.g., Clarity). The framework is also used to devise new prediction approaches that outperform the state-of-the-art.
Predicting Classes in Need of Refactoring : An Application of Static Metrics

This paper introduces a class-based approach to predicting refactoring candidates. Using a selected set of static metrics and a weighted ranking method, a tool was designed to predict a prioritized list of classes in need of refactoring. A study was designed and undertaken to compare the performance of the refactoring decision tool to that of human reviewers on the task of finding design problems that reduce class maintainability. The study results indicate that such a refactoring decision support tool can greatly assist the software team. The study also provided useful information on how to augment the functionalities of the refactoring tool.
Needs and Capabilities

How should actions to redress absolute human deprivation be framed? Current international coordinated actions on absolute poverty are framed by human rights or by goals such as the Millennium Development Goals. But appropriate, effective and sustained responses to needs require localized participation in the definition of those rights/goals/needs and in measures taken to redress them. Human rights or the MDGs do not seem necessarily to require such processes. For this reason some argue that no universal framework can describe economic, social, or cultural rights. Yet to address absolute poverty purely from the local perspective still requires the identification and prioritization of capabilities or needs, and often requires actions by greater-than-local institutions, so in practical terms a framework is not rejected without cost. This paper argues that the identification and prioritisation of rights or MDGs can and should be done at an international level, but that they might be framed as capabilities, and that far greater attention need be given to the iterative specification of these rights, and to the ongoing protection of certain agency freedoms. The paper explores how Wiggins’ account of need can fruitfully inform the specification of needs claims. It also draws significantly on Sen’s work to identify the intrinsic importance of process and opportunity freedoms, and to identify how these can relate to universal priorities.
Forces produced by medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles during locomotion in freely moving cats.

5. During the step cycle the peaks of both MG and SOL force profiles occur before the end of the yield (E2) phase, as both muscles undergo active lengthening. In contrast, peak MG and SOL forces during vertical jumping coincide with the end of active lengthening and the onset of ankle extensor shortening. 6. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the inherent stiffness of active muscle during the step cycle is an important factor in the control of force output from hindlimb extensor muscles in locomotion. The division of labor between MG and SOL and the absolute force levels required from the MG during the full range of hindlimb movements in posture, locomotion, and jumping appear to be precisely matched to the very different characteristics of the motor-unit populations composing these synergistic muscles.
Ets Family Protein, Erg Expression in Developing and Adult Mouse Tissues by a Highly Specific Monoclonal Antibody

Oncogenic activation of the ETS Related Gene (ERG) in humans was originally identified in subsets of Ewing sarcomas, myeloid leukemias and, recently, in the majority of prostate cancers. Expression of human ERG protein and consequently its functions in normal and disease states needs to be better understood in light of its suggested role in cell differentiation and proliferation. Here, we analyzed temporal and spatial expression of the Erg (mouse protein) by immunohistochemical analysis during mouse embryonic and adult organogenesis using a highly specific ERG monoclonal antibody (ERG MAb). This study establishes widespread immunolocalization of Erg protein in endothelial cells and restricted expression in precartilage and hematopoietic tissues. Intriguingly, Erg is not expressed in any epithelial tissue including prostate epithelium, or in infiltrating lymphocytes that are occasionally seen in the prostate environment, a common site of tumors with ERG rearrangements and unscheduled ERG expression. These findings will further aid in investigations of Erg functions in normal and disease conditions.
Cooperation of Autonomous Mobile Robots Using an Intelligent Integrated Approach

In this work, we developed a hybrid-learning based model for intelligent control of autonomous mobile robots. In the proposed model, we used the Q-learning technique for navigation and the inter-process communication (IPC) for message passing between the robots. First, we developed a simulation program based on multi-agent paradigm that adopts these techniques for controlling the movements of the mobile robot and for collision avoidance. Second, we conducted experiments on three robots from the Robix Company and results show a good performance of the proposed method. At the motion control level, the Q-Learning technique is trained to perform motor control that moves one of the robots from the resource point to the destination point and back. The communication between the robots is carried out by using the inter-process communication technique (IPC).
Supporting group communication among interacting agents in wireless sensor networks

Many applications of wireless sensor networks require collaboration among sensor nodes to achieve a common task. Moreover, this is often dynamic in nature. For instance, in multi-object tracking, sensor nodes that are tracking various moving objects must share information in order to improve the tracking quality. Thus, it is important to have a protocol that maintains group connectivity in such a setting. In this paper, we study the problem of maintaining communication paths among a group of moving agents that have interacted with one another. As its solution, we propose a data structure called the distributed collaboration graph (DCG), which is a communication graph obtained from the agent trajectories. The DCG can be constructed in a purely distributed fashion with very little cost and can be used for group discovery and for multicasting/broadcasting among agents. We also propose a distributed protocol which maintains a communication tree among the agents within the DCG while the agents are moving. This allows us to maintain group connectivity and provides the infrastructure for routing among the moving agents.
Synthesis Imaging of Dense Molecular Gas in the N113 H II Region of the Large Magellanic Cloud

We present aperture synthesis imaging of dense molecular gas in the Large Magellanic Cloud, taken with the prototype millimeter receivers of the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). Our observations of the N113 H II region reveal a condensation with a size of ~6'' (1.5 pc) FWHM, detected strongly in the 1-0 lines of HCO+, HCN, and HNC, and weakly in C2H. Comparison of the ATCA observations with single-dish maps from the Mopra Telescope and sensitive spectra from the Swedish-ESO Submillimetre Telescope indicates that the condensation is a massive clump of ~104 M☉ within a larger ~105 M☉ molecular cloud. The clump is centered adjacent to a compact, obscured H II region that is part of a linear structure of radio continuum sources extending across the molecular cloud. We suggest that the clump represents a possible site for triggered star formation. Examining the integrated line intensities as a function of interferometer baseline length, we find evidence for decreasing HCO+/HCN and HCN/HNC ratios on longer baselines. These trends are consistent with a significant component of the HCO+ emission arising in an extended clump envelope and a lower HCN/HNC abundance ratio in dense cores.
APPLICABILITY OF VARIOUS Pb-FREE SOLDER JOINT ACCELERATION FACTOR MODELS

Pb-free solder joint acceleration factor (AF) models are of interest to the electronics industry for the simple reason that, combined with test failure data, they provide a quick way to assess solder interconnect reliability. Accurate values of AFs are needed to extrapolate test results to field conditions, thus allowing for an upfront estimate of board-level reliability. In this paper, an analytical approach is first used to calculate AFs from standard temperature cycling to field conditions on different Pb-free packages and board assemblies. The results are then compared with several Pbfree AF models as well as actual test data. AF predictions are compared for algebraic, compact and finite-element based models. Conclusions are drawn as to the accuracy of Pb-free AF models and conditions under which particular models are applicable.
The Maximality of Cartesian Categories

It is proved that equations between arrows assumed for cartesian categories are maximal in the sense that extending them with any new equation in the language of free cartesian categories collapses a cartesian category into a preorder. An analogous result holds for categories with binary products, which may lack a terminal object. The proof is based on a coherence result for cartesian categories, which is related to model-theoretic methods of normalization. This maximality of cartesian categories, which is analogous to Post completeness, shows that the usual equivalence between deductions in conjunctive logic induced by βη normalization in natural deduction is chosen optimally.
Activities of the Microtubule-stabilizing Agents Epothilones A and B with Purified Tubulin and in Cells Resistant to Paclitaxel (Taxol®)*

Epothilones A and B, natural products with minimal structural analogy to taxoids, have effects similar to those of paclitaxel (Taxol®) in cultured cells and on microtubule protein, but differ from paclitaxel in retaining activity in multidrug-resistant cells. We examined interactions of the epothilones with purified tubulin and additional cell lines, including a paclitaxel-resistant ovarian carcinoma line with an altered β-tubulin. The epothilones, like paclitaxel, induced tubulin to form microtubules at low temperatures and without GTP and/or microtubule-associated proteins. The epothilones are competitive inhibitors of the binding of [3H]paclitaxel to tubulin polymers. The apparent Ki values for epothilones A and B were 1.4 and 0.7 μM by Hanes analysis and 0.6 and 0.4 μM by Dixon analysis. In the paclitaxel-sensitive human cell lines we examined, epothilone B had greater antiproliferative activity than epothilone A or paclitaxel, while epothilone A was usually less active than paclitaxel. A multidrug-resistant colon carcinoma line and the paclitaxel-resistant ovarian line retained sensitivity to the epothilones. With Potorous tridactylis kidney epithelial (PtK2) cells examined by indirect immunofluorescence, microtubule bundles appeared more rapidly following epothilone B treatment, and there were different proportions of various mitotic aberrations following treatment with different drugs.