Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a review for the clinician.

IMPORTANCE Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in 1 to 8 per 1000 live births in developed countries. Historically, the clinician has had little to offer neonates with HIE other than systemic supportive care. Recently, the neuroprotective therapy of hypothermia has emerged as the standard of care, and other complementary therapies are rapidly transitioning from the basic science to clinical care. OBJECTIVE To examine the pathophysiology of HIE and the state of the art for the clinical care of neonates with HIE. EVIDENCE REVIEW We performed a literature review using the PubMed database. Results focused on reviews and articles published from January 1, 2004, through December 31, 2014. Articles published earlier than 2004 were included when appropriate for historical perspective. Our review emphasized evidence-based management practices for the clinician. FINDINGS A total of 102 articles for critical review were selected based on their relevance to the incidence of HIE, pathophysiology, neuroimaging, placental pathology, biomarkers, current systemic supportive care, hypothermia, and emerging therapies for HIE and were reviewed by both of us. Seventy-five publications were selected for inclusion in this article based on their relevance to these topics. The publications highlight the emergence of serum-based biomarkers, placental pathology, and magnetic resonance imaging as useful tools to predict long-term outcomes. Hypothermia and systemic supportive care form the cornerstone of therapy for HIE. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The pathophysiology of HIE is now better understood, and treatment with hypothermia has become the foundation of therapy. Several neuroprotective agents offer promise when combined with hypothermia and are entering clinical trials.
Interleukin-6 Increases Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Disposal in Humans and Glucose Uptake and Fatty Acid Oxidation In Vitro via AMP-Activated Protein Kinase

Although interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been associated with insulin resistance, little is known regarding the effects of IL-6 on insulin sensitivity in humans in vivo. Here, we show that IL-6 infusion increases glucose disposal without affecting the complete suppression of endogenous glucose production during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in healthy humans. Because skeletal muscle accounts for most of the insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in vivo, we examined the mechanism(s) by which IL-6 may affect muscle metabolism using L6 myotubes. IL-6 treatment increased fatty acid oxidation, basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, IL-6 rapidly and markedly increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). To determine whether the activation of AMPK mediated cellular metabolic events, we conducted experiments using L6 myotubes infected with dominant-negative AMPK α-subunit. The effects described above were abrogated in AMPK dominant-negative–infected cells. Our results demonstrate that acute IL-6 treatment enhances insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in humans in vivo, while the effects of IL-6 on glucose and fatty acid metabolism in vitro appear to be mediated by AMPK.
International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems Chattering-free Neuro-sliding Mode Control of 2-dof Planar Parallel Manipulators Regular Paper

This paper proposes a novel chattering free neuro‐sliding mode controller for the trajectory tracking control of two degrees of freedom (DOF) parallel manipulators which have a complicated dynamic model, including modelling uncertainties, frictional uncertainties and external disturbances. A feedforward neural network (NN) is combined with an error estimator to completely compensate the large nonlinear uncertainties and external disturbances of the parallel manipulators. The online weight tuning algorithms of the NN and the structure of the error estimator are derived with the strict theoretical stability proof of the Lyapunov theorem. The upper bound of uncertainties and the upper bound of the approximation errors are not required to be known in advance in order to guarantee the stability of the closed‐loop system. The example simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy for the tracking control of a 2‐DOF parallel manipulator. It results in its being chattering‐free, very small tracking errors and its robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances.
The Outcome Evaluation Questionnaire: Description and Initial Findings

Abstract This paper describes the Outcome Evaluation Questionnaire (OEQ) and presents preliminary OEQ data gathered from a sample of 147 chronic pain patients. The OEQ is designed to provide a basic measure of behavioral and cognitive responses to pain. It includes items measuring pain, pain medication intake, sleep problems, mood, negative cognitions, and functional impairment. The OEQ is relatively brief (14 items) and easy to score. Results of this study provide support for the validity of OEQ items measuring pain intensity, sleep quality/sleep onset difficulties, depression, irritability and negative cognitions (negative thoughts of worthlessness and pain interference). OEQ items that required patients to provide fequency estimates (e.g. number of pain-free days, days out of work) were problematic in that they were generally skewed in this chronic pain population. With further refinements the OEQ could provide a practical method for conducting cognitive-behavioral assessments of patients having pain.
Descriptive Modelling of Clinical Conditions with Data-driven Rule Mining in Physiological Data

This paper presents an approach to automatically mine rules in time series data representing physiological parameters in clinical conditions. The approach is fully data driven, where prototypical patterns are mined for each physiological time series data. The generated rules based on the prototypical patterns are then described in a textual representation which captures trends in each physiological parameter and their relation to the other physiological data. In this paper, a method for measuring similarity of rule sets is introduced in order to validate the uniqueness of rule sets. This method is evaluated on physiological records from clinical classes in the MIMIC online database such as angina, sepsis, respiratory failure, etc. The results show that the rule mining technique is able to acquire a distinctive model for each clinical condition, and represent the generated rules in a human understandable textual representation.
NovoPair: De novo peptide sequencing for tandem mass spectra pair

With tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), spectra can be generated by various methods including collision-induced dissociation (CID), higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), electron capture dissociation (ECD) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD). At the same time, de novo sequencing using multiple spectra from the same peptide is becoming popular in proteomics studies. The focus of this work is using a pair of spectra from CID (or HCD) and ECD (or ETD) fragmentation because of the complementarity between them. We present a new de novo sequencing method for such paired spectra named NovoPair, and compare its performance to another successful method named pNovo+. NovoPair extends our previously proposed graph model to suit paired spectra, and considers different ion types in the two spectra to extract more information. The results show that NovoPair outperforms pNovo+ in terms of full length peptide sequencing accuracy on three pairs of experimental datasets, with the accuracy increasing up to 13.6% compared to pNovo+.
The interaction of motivation and achievement in advanced EFL pronunciation learners

Building on the motivation in language learning discussion of recent years (e.g., Gardner 1985; Dornyei 1994; Gardner et al. 1997), long-term empirical research investigating motivation in pronunciation learning has been undertaken at the English Department, Vienna University (e.g., Dalton et al. 1997; Smit and Dalton 1997, 2000). In its final stage, the focus has turned to the interaction of the variously attested motivational factors and achievement in advanced EFL pronunciation learning. This article first provides a description of the motivation test administered to 141 respondents in 1997/98, and the kinds of motivational factors those students of English have revealed. Then the factors are investigated with regard to their interaction with the students' achievements in the obligatory pronunciation module. The results show that learning success is related to the module-independent factors of students' level of proficiency before the module and their individual readiness to work on and change their pronunciation.
The effects of attention on ear advantages in dichotic listening to words and affects

This study examined the effects of attention on ear advantages using dichotic listening to words and affects, a focused-attention paradigm. We compared the mixed condition, in which attention is switched between the ears in each trial, to the blocked condition, in which attention is directed to one ear for an entire block of trials. Results showed a decreased right ear advantage for word processing only in the mixed condition and an increased left ear advantage for emotion processing in both attention conditions for hits index. The mixed condition showed smaller laterality effects than the blocked condition for words with respect to hits index, while increasing right ear predominance for intrusions. The greater percentage of intrusions in the right ear for the word task and in the mixed condition suggests that the right ear (left hemisphere) is most vulnerable to attention switching. We posit that the attention manipulation has a greater effect on word processing than on emotion processing and propose that ear advantages reflect a combination of the effects of attentional and structural constraints on lateralisation.
Talkativeness in Cognitively Normal Women at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease

Previous research has suggested a correlation between some linguistic patterns and the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). There is increasing clinical need to identify factors that can be used alone or in combination to predict the onset of AD. The purpose of the present study was to explore the association of language skills and genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Oral and written language samples of cognitively normal women with a susceptibility gene for AD (ApoE e4) were compared to those of noncarriers on measures of grammatical complexity, topic relevance, and talkativeness by observers unaware of participant genotypes. Participants included 29 ApoE e4 carriers 49-73 years of age, and 29 e4 noncarriers 48-76 years of age, most of whom had a first-degree relative with AD. Carriers and noncarriers were group matched for age, educational level, and estimated IQ. Participant groups did not differ significantly in language complexity or topic relevance. However, the ApoE e4 group was significantly more talkative than the noncarrier group (p < .05).
Consensus Report on Nutrition for Pediatric Patients With Cystic Fibrosis

Laura K. Bachrach, M.D. Robert J. Beall, Ph.D. Preston W. Campbell, III, M.D. Susan C. Casey, B.S., R.D. Mitchell B. Cohen, M.D. Mary Corey, Ph.D. W. Hobart Davies, Ph.D. Judy A. Fulton, R.D. Richard J. Grand, M.D. John E. Grunow, M.D. Dana S. Hardin, M.D. Lesles Hendeles, Pharm.D. James E. Heubi, M.D. Van S. Hubbard, M.D. Hui-Chuan Kai, Ph.D. Sheila Innis, Ph.D. Elisabeth Luder, Ph.D., R.D. Karen MacGuiness, R.D. Richard K. Mathis, M.D. Annie McKenna, M.S., R.D. , C.N. S. Antoinette Moran, M.D. Laurie Moyer-Mileur, Ph.D., R.D. Kimberly O. O’Brien, Ph.D. Hebe Quinton, M.S. Lynne M. Quittell, M.D. Ross W. Shepherd, M.D., FRACP Ronald J. Sokol, M.D. Lori J. Stark, Ph.D. John N. Udall, Jr., M.D., Ph.D. Babette Zemel, Ph.D. INTRODUCTION
Review: How Managers have Learnt to Lead: Exploring the Development of Leadership Practice. Steve Kempster. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009. 253 pp. ISBN 9780230220959 (hbk)

Joint Information Services Council (JISC) (2008) Exploring Tangible Benefits of e-learning: Does Investment Yield Interest? Northumbria University. Available online at: http://www.jiscinfonet. ac.uk/publications/ camel-tangible-benefits.pdf, accessed 16 February 2010. Justesen, L. and Mouritsen, J. (2009) ‘The Triple Visual: Translations Between Photographs, 3-D Visualizations and Calculations’, Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal 22(6): 973–90. Müller, M. (2008) ‘Visual Competence: A New Paradigm for Studying Visuals in the Social Sciences? ’, Visual Studies 23(2): 101–12. Oblinger, D. and Oblinger, J. (eds) (2003) Educating the Net Generation. Washington, DC: Educause. Available online at: http://www.educause. edu/books/educatingthenetgen/5989 Plunkett, J. (2005) ‘BBC caught in storm of protests over 3D forecasts’ The Guardian. Available online at: http://www.guardian. co.uk/media/2005/may/19/broadcasting.bbc2. Accessed 18 September 2009. Proserpio, L. (2009) ‘E-learning’ workshops delivered at the International Teachers’ Programme. Bocconi School of Management, Milan, Italy January and July 2009. Salmon, G. (2000) E-Moderating: The Key to Teaching and Learning Online. London: Kogan Page. Sterling, B. (2009) The Caryatids. New York: Del Ray Books.
Effect of Thermal Treatment on Fracture Properties and Adsorption Properties of Spruce Wood

The effect of thermal treatment on spruce is examined by analyzing the fracture and hygroscopic properties. Specimens were heated at temperatures within the range 120–200 °C for 1 h. Fracture energy was measured using a single-edge notched bending test and the strain-softening index was estimated by dividing the fracture energy by the maximum load. Adsorption properties were estimated using adsorption isotherms. Fiber saturation points (FSPs) were estimated by extrapolating the moisture adsorption isotherm curve. Langmuir’s adsorption coefficient and number of adsorption sites were obtained using Langmuir’s theory and the Hailwood-Horrobin theory, respectively. The fracture energy, FSPs, and specimen weights decreased at temperatures higher than 150 °C, but the critical point for the strain-softening index and the number of adsorption sites was shown to be 180 °C. We hypothesize that the fracture energy and FSP depend on the chemical structure of the cell wall, whereas the strain-softening behavior may be influenced by the number of adsorption sites, and in turn the number of hydrogen bonds in hemicellulose.
Large-Scale Dense 3D Reconstruction from Stereo Imagery

In this paper we propose a novel method for largescale dense 3D reconstruction from stereo imagery. Assuming that stereo camera calibration and camera motion are known, our method is able to reconstruct accurately dense 3D models of urban environments in the form of point clouds in near realtime. We take advantage of recent stereo matching techniques that are able to build dense and accurate disparity maps from two rectified images. Then, we fuse the information from multiple disparity maps into a global model by using an efficient data association technique that takes into account stereo uncertainty and performs geometric and photometric consistency validation in a multi-view setup. Finally, we use efficient voxel grid filtering techniques to deal with storage requirements in large-scale environments. In addition, our method automatically discards possible moving obstacles in the scene. We show experimental results on real video large-scale sequences and compare our approach with respect to other state-of-the-art methods such asPMVS and StereoScan.
Changes in serum erythropoietin and the reticulocyte count during chemotherapy for leukemias

Abstract: We serially determined serum erythropoietin (Epo) and the reticulocyte count in patients with various types of leukemia during chemotherapy. Serum Epo increased soon after the initiation of chemotherapy and decreased after the termination of therapy irrespective of the types of leukemia or treatment regimen. However, it did not stay at low level but fluctuated. The reticulocyte count, on the other hand, showed a transient rise while serum Epo level descended. The value of serum Epo when increased was higher than the value expected from hemoglobin concentration; this finding was similar to that in aplastic anemia. These results suggest that myelosuppression is a major factor for the increase in serum Epo level during leukemia chemotherapy.
Childhood and adolescent predictors of major depression in the transition to adulthood.

OBJECTIVE The identification of predictors of major depression in the transition to adulthood has direct application to prevention and intervention efforts designed to forestall depression in this high-risk period. The current study identified childhood and adolescent familial and behavioral-emotional factors predicting depression during this critical developmental stage. METHOD The 354 participants were part of a single-age cohort from a predominately Caucasian working-class community whose psychosocial development has been traced prospectively since age 5. In these analyses, data collected during childhood and adolescence were related to diagnoses of major depression at ages 18-26. RESULTS During the transition to adulthood, 82 participants (23.2%) experienced major depression. Bivariate indicators of later depression included a family history of depression or substance use disorders, family composition, and childhood family environments perceived as violent and lacking cohesiveness. Also significant were self- and mother-reported internalizing behaviors, as well as self-rated anxiety and depressive symptoms. Multivariable analyses showed family violence, family composition, internalizing problems during adolescence, and low family cohesion to be the most salient factors. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight familial and behavioral-emotional predictors of depression that can serve as foci for identifying youth in need of intervention.
Intersession variability in speaker recognition: a behind the scene analysis

The representation of a speaker’s identity by means of Gaussian supervectors (GSV) is at the heart of most of the state-of-the-art recognition systems. In this paper we present a novel procedure for the visualization of GSV by which qualitative insight about the information being captured can be obtained. Based on this visualization approach, the Switchboard-I database (SWB-I) is used to study the relationship between a data-driven partition of the acoustic space and a knowledge based partition (i.e., broad phonetic classes). Moreover, the structure of an intersession variability subspace (IVS), computed from the SWB-I database, is analyzed by displaying the projection of a speaker’s GSV into the set of eigenvectors with highest eigenvalues. This analysis reveals a strong presence of linguistic information in the IVS components with highest energy. Finally, after projecting away the information contained in the IVS from the speaker’s GSV, a visualization of the resulting GSV provides information about the characteristic patterns of spectral allocation of energy of a speaker.
Design and Implementation for Quadruple Precision Floating-Point Multiplier Based on FPGA with Lower Resource Occupancy

Although numerical range and precision are greatly improved for quadruple precision floating-point number in IEEE 754(2008) standard, the complexity of operation and cost of hardware resource for the quadruple precision floating-point has been significantly increased, especially for 113×113 mantissa arithmetic in floating-point multiplication operation. This paper presents a new quadruple precision floating-point multiplication algorithm. Finally, we prototype the quadruple precision floating-point multiplier unit into FPGA chip. The experimental results show that the FPGA hardware resource occupancy can be effectively reduced when using this algorithm.
Age differences and images of robots: Social survey in Japan

In order to investigate the influence of participants’ age on their image of robots in Japan, a pilot research was completed by 371 visitors (male: 124, female: 246, age: from 2 to 80 years) at a robot exhibition held at a commercial facility in Japan, based on the questionnaire consisting of four open-ended questions. The comparison of younger (under 25 years), adult (26–50 years), and elderly groups (older than 51 years), found that: (1) in the younger age group, images of robots are ambiguous about near future assumptions, preferences, and antipathy, (2) the adult group assumes that communication robots will appear in the near future, but actually expects robots to function in non-communication tasks such as household duties and dangerous tasks, and experiences great anxiety and fear about social relationships between robots and humans, (3) the elderly group assumes that both communication and non-communication robots will appear in the near future, but actually expects robots to function in communication tasks such as service in public settings and providing care at home or in welfare facilities, and is very concerned about the physical and ecological damage that robots may cause. Although the pilot study had a problem of sample bias on participant selection and distributions of gender and age, it can lead to some predictions on social acceptance of robots in Japan. Keywords: Robots, images, age differences, social research
Development of CD4+CD8+ thymocytes in RAG-deficient mice through a T cell receptor beta chain-independent pathway

Antigen-binding diversity is generated by site-specific V(D)J recombination of the T cell receptor (TCR) and immunoglobulin loci in lymphocyte precursors. Coordinate expression of two structurally distinct recombinase activating genes, RAG-1 and RAG-2, is necessary for activation of site-specific V(D)J recombination. In mice bearing targeted disruptions of either the RAG-1 or RAG-2 genes, T and B lymphocyte development is arrested at the CD4-8- double negative (DN) thymocyte or B220+/CD43+ pro-B cell stage. Development of CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) thymocytes is restored by expression of a functionally rearranged TCR beta transgene, suggesting that TCR beta expression is critical for this developmental transition. We have found that treatment of adult or newborn RAG-deficient mice with a single sublethal dose of gamma-irradiation rescues the DN to DP transition in early thymocytes, and this is accompanied by a dramatic increase in thymus cellularity. In contrast to the observed induction of thymocyte maturation, there was no phenotypic or functional evidence of coincident B lymphocyte development in irradiated RAG-deficient mice. Interestingly, maturation of DP thymocytes occurred without expression of TCR beta protein in the cytoplasm or on the cell surface. These results suggest an in vivo pathway for DP thymocyte development which is TCR beta chain independent.