Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EXERCISE AND BLOOD PRESSURE: APPLYING FINDINGS FROM THE LABORATORY TO THE COMMUNITY SETTING

1 During the 1980s, there was growing epidemiological evidence that aerobic training lowered blood pressure (BP). Early intervention studies had not always supported this conclusion. Such studies were limited by methodological shortcomings. Few studies had used normotensive individuals or women alone. 2 Exercise training is an attractive lifestyle strategy in the prevention of hypertension. In our studies in men, vigorous intensity cycling did not lower resting BP. 3 Vigorous exercise reduces day time ambulatory BP and, in combination with calorie restriction, had a synergist effect to reduce night‐time and 24 h BP. 4 Exercise is a positive and effective adjunct to other lifestyle measures in the prevention of hypertension. Adherence to either supervised or unsupervised moderate‐intensity exercise is sufficient to reduce BP in the short and long term. 5 Further studies need to be performed to evaluate the clinical significance and mechanisms for the increase in resting BP observed in older women. 6 Older individuals with hypertension should be monitored when taking up a swimming programme. 7 Exercise induced changes in BP seen in the laboratory are also observed in the community setting.
Pulmonary Surfactant and Evolution of the Lungs

Pulmonary surfactant has been looked for and found in 11 representatives of four vertebrate classes. The amount of surfactant, estimated by quantitative spreading as a surface film, correlates well with alveolar surface area and with the amount of saturated, mainly dipalmitoyl, phosphatidylcholine in the lung parenchyma. The quantities of other phospholipids do not correlate well with alveolar surface area.
Prevalence and associations of retinal vein occlusion in Australia. The Blue Mountains Eye Study.

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and associations of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in a defined older Australian population. DESIGN Participants (N = 3654; age, > or = 49 years), representing 88% of the permanent residents from an area west of Sydney, Australia, underwent a detailed eye examination, including stereophotography (Zeiss). The diagnosis of RVO was made clinically and from photographic grading. RESULTS Signs of RVO were found in 59 participants (1.6%; 95% confidence interval, 1.3-1.9). The prevalence for each age-specific participant was as follows: 0.7%, younger than 60 years; 1.2%, 60 to 69 years; 2.1%, 70 to 79 years; and 4.6%, 80 years or older. There was no significant sex difference in prevalence. Branch RVO was observed in 41 subjects (69.5%); of this number, 10 subjects had branch RVO outside the vascular arcade or in the nasal fundus and 3 subjects developed new vessels. Hemispheric RVO was found in 3 subjects (5.1%), and central RVO was observed in 15 (25%); RVO was bilateral in 3 subjects (5.1%). Visual acuity was affected most in the people with central RVO, with a visual acuity of 20/200 or less in 60% compared with 14% among the people with branch RVO. Retinal vein occlusion was the fifth most frequent cause of unilateral blindness in this population. Significant associations with RVO were found with glaucoma, hypertension, stroke, and angina. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes RVO as an important cause of unilateral visual loss in an older population. The proportion of the 3 vein occlusion sites shows some differences from those of clinic-based reports and suggests a likely selection bias in previous clinic studies.
Modeling Ironless Permanent-Magnet Planar Actuator Structures

This paper describes an analytical model that includes end effects for ironless synchronous permanent-magnet planar actuators. Because of its flexibility, the model can be used to predict the performance of various permanent-magnet array and coil array topologies and commutation schemes. Moreover, since control currents have to be nonsinusoidal, it allows analysis of the motor performance without specifying a commutation scheme by directly dealing with the motor-coupling matrix that links the coil currents to the forces or accelerations acting on the translator
Partition decoding for reed-solomon codes based on bit reliability

This study presents a partition decoding algorithm for an (mN, mK) binary image of an (N, K) Reed Solomon code over GF(2'"). A permutation is performed on a binary generator matrix of an RS code and a received vector, both of which are then partitioned into two submatrices and two subvectors. The first subvector of length N(m-1) associate with the first submatrix and the second subvector with the least subvector reliability value relates to the second submatrix. An MLD based on the first submatrix or a subfield subcode BCH generator matrix is employed to decode these two submatrices one after another. A codeword is finally outputted after performing the inverse permutation on a concatenation of code vectors decoded from these two decoding. Simulation results show that under a constraint of decoding complexity, a solution to decode binary images of long RS codes could be proposed partition decoding, which provides superior performance to GMD decoding with much lower complexity than the MLD.
Guided imagery, anxiety, heart rate, and heart rate variability during centrifuge training.

BACKGROUND Centrifuge training is an important method of improving the hypergravity tolerance of pilots, cosmonauts, and Chinese astronauts. However, the concomitants of tension or anxiety often impede training. Guided imagery (GI), a mind-body relaxation technique, provides a behavioral and cognitive means whereby individuals are able to exert control over the focus of attention. This study aims to investigate the immediate effects of GI for reducing stress in centrifuge training. METHODS There were 12 healthy young men who were randomly assigned to a GI group or music group. We measured changes in heart rate during centrifuge training, in heart rate variability before and after centrifuge training, and also evaluated relaxation and anxiety in three phases: before intervention, after intervention, and following centrifuge training. RESULTS The change in the pattern of anxiety was different in the two groups over the three phases. Anxiety (measured by State Anxiety Inventory) in the GI group changed from 31.7 +/- 5.9 to 26.8 +/- 2.6 and 27.8 +/- 4.1, whereas for the music group this changed from 32.2 +/- 7.6 to 31.2 +/- 8.3 and 26.8 +/- 6.8. During centrifuge training, the maximal HR for the GI group (101.2 +/- 8.8) was lower than that of the music group (123.0 +/- 19.1). In addition GI showed a decrease in low frequency (LF, 0.04-0.15 Hz) components and an increase in high frequency (HF, 0.15-0.4 Hz) components before and after centrifuge training. CONCLUSION GI was capable of decreasing tension, anxiety, and sympathetic nervous system activity pre- or post-centrifugation.
Cardiorespiratory fitness and ideal cardiovascular health in European adolescents

Objective We studied in European adolescents (i) the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and ideal cardiovascular health as defined by the American Heart Association and (ii) whether there is a cardiorespiratory fitness threshold associated with a more favourable cardiovascular health profile. Methods Participants included 510 (n=259 girls) adolescents from 9 European countries. The 20 m shuttle run test was used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness. Ideal cardiovascular health was defined as meeting ideal levels of the following components: four behaviours (smoking, body mass index, physical activity and diet) and three factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure and glucose). Results Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with a higher number of ideal cardiovascular health components in both boys and girls (both p for trend ≤0.001). Levels of cardiorespiratory fitness were significantly higher in adolescents meeting at least four ideal components (13% higher in boys, p<0.001; 6% higher in girls, p=0.008). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed a significant discriminating accuracy of cardiorespiratory fitness in identifying the presence of at least four ideal cardiovascular health components (43.8 mL/kg/min in boys and 34.6 mL/kg/min in girls, both p<0.001). Conclusions The results suggest a hypothetical cardiorespiratory fitness level associated with a healthier cardiovascular profile in adolescents. The fitness standards could be used in schools as part of surveillance and/or screening systems to identify youth with poor health behaviours who might benefit from intervention programmes.
The Importance of Social-emotional Context: Perceptions of Students, Parents and Teachers Regarding an Extended Curriculum Program for Students with High Abilities

Recent trends in a number of Australian states, including Victoria, have witnessed the expansion of ability-grouped settings for developing the talents of academically able students. This expansion has been noted in both the government and independent school sector with the Select Entry Accelerated Learning (SEAL) program now offered in more than 30 government secondary schools and various independent schools offering programs in high ability settings. Renewed interest in social-emotional issues associated with high ability is one of the reasons behind the growth of programmatic design within settings based on ability. This paper discusses the social-emotional context of an evaluative study of an ability-based Extended Curriculum Program (ECP) in an independent secondary school in Melbourne, Australia during 2005. Students, parents and teachers provided similarly positive perceptions relating to the social and emotional benefits of high ability students spending time together in relevant talent domains.
Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate-independent Ca2+Mobilization Triggered by a Lipid Factor Isolated from Vitreous Body*

A complex phospholipid from bovine vitreous body with a strong Ca2+-mobilizing activity has been recently isolated to homogeneity by our group. In this work, a sequential analysis of its transmembrane signaling pathway has been undertaken to characterize the intracellular mechanisms responsible for the Ca2+ rise. The results show that this phospholipid induces, in a dose-dependent manner (ED50 of around 0.25 μg/ml), a Ca2+ mobilization from inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-insensitive intracellular stores, with no participation of extracellular Ca2+. Upon repeated administration, it shows no signs of autologous desensitization, does not induce heterologous desensitization of thel-α-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor but is desensitized by the previous administration of LPA. The Ca2+-mobilizing activity requires a membrane protein, is blocked after preincubation of the cells with pertussis toxin and phorbol esters, as well as by U73122 (an inhibitor of phospholipases C/D), R59022 (a diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor), and D609 (which inhibits phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C). Upon administration of this phospholipid, the intracellular levels of phosphatidic acid (PA) rise with a time course that parallels that of the Ca2+ mobilization, suggesting that PA could be responsible for this Ca2+ signal. Exposure to AACOCF3 (a specific inhibitor of phospholipase A2) does not modify the Ca2+ rise, ruling out the possibility that the PA generated could be further converted to LPA by the action of phospholipase A2. Based on the experimental data obtained, a signaling pathway involving a phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C coupled to diacylglycerol kinase is proposed. This compound may represent a new class of bioactive lipids with a putative role in the physiology of the vitreous body.
Security Automation for Information Security Continuous Monitoring: Research Framework

Although automation is already an integral part of many cyber security operations, there still are challenges to overcome to fully achieve Information Security Continuous Monitoring (ISCM) capabilities: real-time threat detection, incident response and risk-based decision making capabilities. Our ongoing research seeks to further refine our framework to enhance ISCM capabilities by leveraging security automation.
Learning to detect dynamic feature points

The detection of dynamic points on a moving platform is an important task to avoid a potential collision. However, it is difficult to detect dynamic points using only two frames, especially when various input data such as ego-motion, disparity map, and optical flow are noisy for computing the motion of points. In this paper, we propose a supervised learning-based approach to detect dynamic points in consideration of noisy input data. First of all, to consider depth ambiguity that proportionally increases according to the distance to the ego-vehicle, we divide the XZ-plane (bird-eye view) into several subregions. Then, we train a random forest for each subregion by constructing motion vectors computed based on two motion metrics. Here, in order to reduce errors of the input data, the motion vectors are filtered based on a pairwise planarity check and then filtered motion vectors are used for training. In the experiments, the proposed method is verified by comparing the detection performance with that of previous approaches on the KITTI dataset.
Age‐related Changes in Marmoset Trabecular and Cortical Bone and Response to Alendronate Therapy Resemble Human Bone Physiology and Architecture

In older humans, bone elongation ceases, periosteal expansion continues, and bone remodeling remains a dominant metabolic process. An appropriate animal model of type I and type II osteoporosis would be a species with sealed growth plates and persistence of bone remodeling. The rat is commonly used as a primary model, but due to delayed epiphyseal closure with continuous modeling and lack of Haversian remodeling, Food and Drug Administration guidelines recommend assessment of bone quality in an additional, nonrodent, remodeling species. This study investigated the skeletal characteristics of senescent marmosets to evaluate their suitability as an osteoporosis model. Animals were randomized across three experimental groups; controls for both sexes and marmosets receiving alendronate for either 30 or 60 days (28 μg/kg, sc, twice per week). Outcome measures included serum chemistry and bone biomarkers, DEXA, histomorphometry, micro‐computed tomography, and histopathology. Results showed that the adult marmoset skeleton has similar anatomical characteristics to the adult human, including the absence of growth plates, presence of Haversian system, and true remodeling of cancellous and cortical bone. Structural analyses of senescent marmoset cancellous bone demonstrated loss of trabecular mass and architecture similar to skeletal changes described for elderly men and women. Treatment with alendronate improved trabecular volume and number by reducing bone resorption, although bone formation was also reduced through coupling of bone remodeling. The common marmoset may provide a valuable model for research paradigms targeting human bone pathology and osteoporosis due to skeletal features that are similar to age‐related changes and response to bisphosphonate therapy reported for humans. Anat Rec, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Do SPS measures matter for margins of trade? Evidence from firm-level data

ABSTRACT According to the World Trade Organization (WTO) standards, countries are allowed to adapt regulations under the Sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) and technical barriers to trade (TBT) agreements in order to protect human, animal and plant health, as well as environment and human safety. Yet, these measures can become an impediment in international trade, especially for developing countries. Therefore, using an Egyptian firm-level data set and a new database on specific trade concerns raised in the TBT and SPS committees at the WTO, we analyse the effects of product standards on two related aspects: first, the probability to export (firm-product extensive margin), and second, the value exported (firm-product intensive margin). We merge this data set with a new database on specific trade concerns raised in the TBT and SPS committees at the WTO. Our main findings show that SPS measures imposed on Egyptian exporters have a negative impact on the probability of exporting a new product to a new destination. By contrast, the intensive margin of exports is not significantly affected by such measures.
Position Statement on Active Outdoor Play

A diverse, cross-sectorial group of partners, stakeholders and researchers, collaborated to develop an evidence-informed Position Statement on active outdoor play for children aged 3–12 years. The Position Statement was created in response to practitioner, academic, legal, insurance and public debate, dialogue and disagreement on the relative benefits and harms of active (including risky) outdoor play. The Position Statement development process was informed by two systematic reviews, a critical appraisal of the current literature and existing position statements, engagement of research experts (N = 9) and cross-sectorial individuals/organizations (N = 17), and an extensive stakeholder consultation process (N = 1908). More than 95% of the stakeholders consulted strongly agreed or somewhat agreed with the Position Statement; 14/17 participating individuals/organizations endorsed it; and over 1000 additional individuals and organizations requested their name be listed as a supporter. The final Position Statement on Active Outdoor Play states: “Access to active play in nature and outdoors—with its risks— is essential for healthy child development. We recommend increasing children’s opportunities for self-directed play outdoors in all settings—at home, at school, in child care, the community and nature. ” The full Position Statement provides context for the statement, evidence supporting it, and a series of recommendations to increase active outdoor play opportunities to promote healthy child development.
Effects of Fetal Intravenous Glucose Challenge in Normal and Growth Retarded Fetuses

Fetal intravenous glucose challenge test (0.75 g/kg of estimated fetal weight) was performed at 26-33 weeks gestation in 9 patients undergoing fetal blood sampling (FBS) by ultrasound guided needling from the umbilical vein. The indication for FBS was rapid karyotyping for fetal malformations in 5 (control group) and severe intrauterine growth retardation in the remaining 4 (IUGR group). Fetal blood samples were taken before the glucose infusion and after 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 min; glucose and insulin were assayed on each occasion and acid-base balance at 0 and 5 min. Basal fetal pO2, pH, glucose and insulin were lower in the IUGR group than in controls. Following the glucose challenge, fetal glucose levels were similar in the two groups, but in the IUGR group the latter part of the glucose curve was characterized by a slower and delayed return to basal levels. In control fetuses the insulin response following the glucose challenge peaked at 3 min while in IUGR no change in insulin concentration was detected. Fetal pO2 did not change in either group; the median change in fetal pH was significantly different between the two groups (controls: +0.01; IUGR: -0.04; P less than 0.05) and there was a significant correlation between basal pO2 and the change in fetal pH (r = 0.79) (P less than 0.02). These results support the concept of a low energy state in IUGR. Fetal glucose supplementation in IUGR is unlikely to be of benefit and may even exacerbate underlying acidosis.
Atmospheric Profiles at the Southern Pierre Auger Observatory and their Relevance to Air Shower Measurement

The dependence of atmospheric conditions on altitude and time have to be known at the site of an air shower experiment for accurate reconstruction of extensive air showers and their simulations. The height-profile of atmospheric depth is of particular interest as it enters directly into the reconstruction of longitudinal shower development and of the primary energy and mass of cosmic rays. For the southern part of the Auger Observatory, the atmosphere has been investigated in a number of campaigns with meteorological radio soundings and with continuous measurements of ground-based weather stations. Focussing on atmospheric depth and temperature profiles, temporal variations are described and monthly profiles are developed. Uncertainties of the monthly atmospheres that are currently applied in the Auger reconstruction are discussed.
Full-Duplex Communication on the Shared Channel of a Capacitively Coupled Power Transfer System

This paper proposed a novel wireless power transfer system with full-duplex communication on a shared channel for capacitively coupled power transfer systems. For the analysis of power and signal transmission, a frequency-domain model of the power and signal channels is established. Based on this model, the signal transfer characteristic of the channel and the influence of power flow on the signal channel are analyzed. Moreover, to ensure the power and signal transfer without unacceptable interference or attenuation, a parameters selection method of the communication channel is developed. In addition, an interference suppression strategy by taking the interference from the ipsilateral channel into consideration is proposed. To suppress the interference effectively, an estimation of the ipsilateral channel output signal is made. Then, the signal from the opposite channel is demodulated by removing the estimated values of the interference. Both simulation and experimental results showed have proven the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed wireless power and signal transfer method. Finally, it has demonstrated that the designed channel can transfer 100 W of power, and a full-duplex communication can be well achieved with different data rates in two directions when both two data rates are set within 200 kb/s.
Effects of a Load Resistor on Conducting Filament Characteristics and Unipolar Resistive Switching Behaviors in a Pt/NiO/Pt Structure

With a simply modified circuit design connecting a Pt/NiO/Pt capacitor to a serial load resistor (RL), resistive switching (RS) characteristics are significantly improved. Distributions of current at low-resistance state and switching voltages during reset and set processes are much reduced, and RS endurance is much enhanced. Using percolation theory, we find that a multiply connected conducting filament (CF) is preferentially formed in a Pt/NiO/Pt capacitor serially connected to an RL of 1 kΩ. The multiply connected CF may provide uniform heat distribution to a Pt/NiO/Pt capacitor, resulting in reduced randomness during heat-assisted reset process and improved RS characteristics.
Social Entrepreneurship as a Tool to Remedy Social Exclusion

Inspired by the practice of social enterprises, this article aims to understand how work integration social enterprises (WISE) function in relation to labour market integration of socially excluded persons in India. While mainly examining how socially excluded persons benefit from such interventions, questions are asked about what motivates social enterprises to get involved and to what extent they benefit themselves. Built on case study research in India, this article identifies a potential win–win situation, as members of excluded communities are empowered through the work integration approach, but social enterprises also benefit by building trust and achieving a sustainable orientation.