Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy and stability in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models

A unified energy expression for Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, valid about the model's two distinct vacua, is obtained. It reduces to the usual Einstein form about a flat background, but about an anti-de Sitter vacuum it becomes that appropriate to a ghost Einstein theory with a cosmological term. Linearisation instability about the latter and general stability about the former are deduced by energy considerations, in agreement with previous results.
Promotion of tracheostomy self-care: a qualitative study based on the nurses' perspective

Aim: To describe nurses’ perspectives on promoting tracheostomy self-care. There is little information on the nurses’ perspective as care providers with knowledge of clinical contexts. Design: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted. Methods: A purposeful sample of nurses was selected from eight Portuguese hospitals. Recruitment ended once data saturation was reached (n = 12). Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed through content analysis. Results: The nurses described the most important aspects to promote tracheostomy self-care, namely the objectives, the contents to be addressed, the methods and resources to be used, the appropriate moment to intervene, the necessary conditions to promote self-care, the way to ensure the standardisation of interventions among nurses, and the level of tailored planned interventions. Conclusion: From the nurses’ perspective, promoting tracheostomy self-care is critical for regaining autonomy. Therefore, it is crucial to establish an intervention plan sensitive to individual needs and preferences. These results can help elucidate the aspects considered by nurses when promoting tracheostomy self-care so that more meaningful and feasible care models can be designed.
Assessment the Quality of Life of Thalassemic Major Children in Duhok City

Background: Thalassemia Major is a preventable genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin synthesis and needs long life blood transfusions. Therefore, attention to the quality of life of these children is very necessary. Objective: Assess the quality of life among children with thalassemia major. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at Jeen pediatric hematology and oncology center in Duhok city for the period from Jan. 15th to May 25th. 2017 to assess quality of life of children suffering from Thalassemia Major, and finding a You mention to finding the relationship between domain but in result to applied differences between domains of quality of life and socio-demographic variables. Eighty-eight children randomly selected between ages (5-18 years) were enrolling in the study who is reviewing Jeen pediatric hematology and oncology center in Duhok city. Information were collected through the use Peds QL 4.0 generic core scale questionnaire, which included physical domain (8) items, emotional domain (5) items, social domain (5) items, and school domain (5) items. Results: The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant correlation between the all domains of quality of life and some variables like education, family history, income level, frequency of blood transfusion, history of spleenectomy, and non-statistically significant correlation of some variables like age and gender. Conclusion: The quality of life scores were best for boys as compared to girls. Recommendations: The authorities should develop plans to improve quality of life of these patients. Whereas early diagnosis, regular visiting, financial and education support are the major factors of intervention to improve the overall quality of life of these children, the researcher also recommends conducting further studies on large samples.
High‐resolution prediction of a major convective period over West Africa

In this article, we evaluate the predictions of the French cloud‐resolving model AROME using a set of high‐resolution (5 km) simulations that focus on the well documented African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) period of 23–28 July 2006 over a large domain (0–22°N, 15°W–20°E). The model skill is assessed against independent Global Positioning System observations of precipitable water and in terms of quantitative precipitation forecasts. As the rain‐gauge network is sparse over West Africa, the simulated precipitation fields were compared with data from satellite‐based precipitation products (TRMM‐3B42). We show that initial and boundary conditions significantly improve the AROME forecasts when the large‐scale forcing model (ARPEGE) assimilates surface‐sensitive observations from microwave remote‐sensing sensors over land surface.
Effects of air damping in noncontact resonant force microscopy

The action of viscous forces on the motion of an atomic force microscope cantilever operating in resonant mode in air is modelized. We demonstrate that for most applications, the vibration of a V shaped cantilever in the air can be approximated to a simple damped oscillator. The damping factor is distance dependent and includes terms issued of the interaction of both cantilever and tip with the sample. Expressions for the various damping forces have been derived and related to the geometry of the tip-cantilever system. They lead to an expression which quantifies the variations in oscillation amplitude versus tip sample distance.
GeoDeepShovel: A platform for building scientific database from geoscience literature with AI assistance

With the rapid development of big data science, the research paradigm in the field of geosciences has also begun to shift to big data‐driven scientific discovery. Researchers need to read a huge amount of literature to locate, extract and aggregate relevant results and data that are published and stored in PDF format for building a scientific database to support the big data‐driven discovery. In this paper, based on the findings of a study about how geoscientists annotate literature and extract and aggregate data, we proposed GeoDeepShovel, a publicly available AI‐assisted data extraction system to support their needs. GeoDeepShovel leverages state‐of‐the‐art neural network models to support researcher(s) easily and accurately annotate papers (in the PDF format) and extract data from tables, figures, maps, etc., in a human–AI collaboration manner. As a part of the Deep‐Time Digital Earth (DDE) program, GeoDeepShovel has been deployed for 8 months, and there are already 400 users from 44 geoscience research teams within the DDE program using it to construct scientific databases on a daily basis, and more than 240 projects and 50,000 documents have been processed for building scientific databases.
In danger of being left behind? – Media narratives of the digital transformation in the German Mittelstand

ABSTRACT Has the Mittelstand lost its charisma? Based on a corpus of newspaper articles, we use a multi-dimensional approach combining content, framing, and metaphor analysis to expose how media report about the digital transformation in the German Mittelstand. In terms of contents, media focus on technical issues, narrowing down the scope of digital transformation. Articles with a main focus on digital transformation show a more positive tonality compared to those with a minor focus. We identified four distinct media narratives. The negative narrative portrays the Mittelstand as in need of help to master the digital transformation, with sickness and military metaphors underlining the negative assessment. The positive narrative reinforces narrow stereotypes of who is successful with digital transformation. The future-oriented narrative evokes a desirable but vague imagined future of digital transformation. The chance-challenge narrative is the only one portraying the Mittelstand both openly and implicitly as being capable of mastering the digital transformation, not least because this narrative also relies on external experts who provide a more varied picture. We contribute to the growing body of narrative entrepreneurship research by illustrating the various mechanisms media use to create a predominantly negative and sceptical assessment of the Mittelstand and its digital transformation.
New Solutions for General Transition Curves

AbstractThis paper presents new solutions in the area of general transition curves. General transition curves describe a curvilinear transition between two rectilinear directions using only one equation. The curves ensure continuous change of curvature all over the curvilinear transition. Along such curves, the curvature rises from zero at the start point to a certain maximum value, and then drops to zero again at the end point. The present paper introduces two new families of general transition curves: with smooth and nonsmooth curvature diagrams. This means that the general transition curves could be considered as an alternative to the geometric systems formed by classical geometric elements (first transition curve – circular arc – second transition curve; first transition curve – second transition curve). The use of general transition curves is advantageous from the viewpoint of vehicle motion dynamics. It also extends the possibilities of modifying the arc geometry to obtain the assumed radius of curv.
Internal oscillation of necklace solitons in Bessel photonic lattice imprinted in defocusing and focusing materials

Internal modes and internal oscillation of necklace solitons in Bessel photonic lattices imprinted in self-defocusing and self-focusing materials are investigated. Under the same parameters, necklace solitons in self-focusing material possess larger power than that of self-defocusing material, and the stability of solitons in defocusing material is better than in focusing material. It is shown that the internal modes have both real and imaginary parts in such cases, differing from the one-dimensional case. While white noise gives rise to jitter of the intensity of stable necklace solitons, the stable solitons perform long-distance and quasi-periodic oscillation of intensity and shape under the perturbation of internal modes, and the solitons in self-defocusing material experience larger oscillation amplitude than that in self-focusing material.
BER and spectral efficiency of a MIMO system

Recent research has confirmed that MIMO systems give high spectral efficiency based on the theoretical Shannon formula. However, the possibility of giving the promised efficiency with negligible or tolerable data error for the receiver is an issue to be considered as important as the theoretical efficiency. Quality aspects of MIMO systems in terms of BER are discussed and some results are documented for a Rayleigh fading channel. The channel is assumed known at the transmitter and the receiver, which might be possible in a TDD or FDD system with feedback and a quasi-stationary environment. It is also shown that it is possible to point a beam in the direction of few scatterers for an environment with no angular spread. The performance of space-time block coding (STBC) and V-BLAST is compared with our MIMO system model, which is based on SVD. The maximum eigenvalued channel attains the best possible performance in terms of BER.
SISR based Hidden State Estimation of HMMs with transition density function

Traditional Viterbi algorithm cannot be generally effective. Regarding the hidden state estimates of HMM as a Bayes filtering problem, the Sequential Importance Sampling with Resampling algorithm could get an approximate of its Bayes estimates. Its performance reached or even exceeds the Viterbi algorithm while lower dependence on the model, having a wider range of adaptation. I. INTRODUCTION HMM (Hidden Markov Models), which were brought forward by Baum and others in the late sixties of the twentieth century, are the most successful statistical modeling ideas that have came up in the last forty years. It has been widely used in many different areas such as speech recognition, anomaly detection and computational biology. The use of hidden (or unobservable) status makes the model generic enough to handle a variety of complex real-world time series, while the relatively simple prior dependence structure still allows for the use of efficient computational procedures. Theoretically speaking, HMM need address three issues: identification problems, hidden state estimation and parameter estimation problems. They are issues form the theoretical basis of HMM, and are often inseparable in practice. Hidden state estimates of HMM is that to get the best estimates of the hidden state based on observations and model parameters. The classical algorithm is Viterbi algorithm, besides, the maximum a posteriori based algorithm, the Bayesian estimates based algorithm, the filtering and interpolation based algorithm Etc. are also commonly used. However, the form of HMMs is large difference in different application fields, and the algorithms may be quite different in the form of expression. Reference (1) use transition kernel to define a HMM which can contain most applications of HMM, called HMM with transition kernel, if its transition kernel has a density function, we treat it as HMM with transition density function. This dissertation take full advantage of the special probability structure of HMM, derived the analytical expression of the MAP estimation of hidden state of HMM with transition density function. When the value space of hidden state is limited or the HMM is equivalent to a linear state space model, we are able to get the MAP estimation analytically. But in most cases, we couldn't get the MAP estimation analytically, or the complexity of calculation is too high. Therefore, we regard hidden state estimation problems of HMM as Bayes filtering problems, and Sequential Importance Sampling with Resampling will be used to obtain approximations of its Bayes Solution. II. HMM WITH TRANSITION DENSITY FUNCTION Let (, )   and (, )   be two measurable spaces. Q is a Markov kernel on (, )   , G is a transition kernel from (, )   to (, )   , ν is a probability measure on (, )   ,T is a
Single valuedness, parameterization, and approximating 3D surfaces using B-splines

In this paper we provide a very simple, yet efficient, scheme for modeling volume boundaries using patches which are B-spline surfaces. Given a noisy three dimensional cloud of points, we use constrained minimization using B-splines as basis functions to smooth the data and create a three dimensional model of the surface of the object. Such a method is useful for representing complete free-form surface models of objects. Instead of fitting one B-spline surface to the complete data set, the data is segmented into smaller sub-clouds that are single valued in a local frame of reference. This work builds upon our earlier work on surface fitting in a rectangular domain, and extends it to arbitrary domains. We divide the problem into three stages: (1) segmentation of the sensor data from 3-D world coordinates into data patches, (2) approximation of the data in this space to create B-spline surface patches, and (3) reconversion into the world coordinate system. We also describe a complete system, Surfacer, built around these ideas which includes a comprehensive set of tools to manipulate point sets and surfaces in a CAD framework.
The parallel projection operators of a nonlinear feedback system

The authors define and study a pair of nonlinear parallel projection operators associated with a nonlinear feedback system. The input-output L/sub 2/-stability of a feedback system is shown to be equivalent to a coordinating of the input and output spaces, which is also equivalent to the existence of a pair of nonlinear parallel projection operators onto the graph of the plant and the inverse graph of the controller. These projections have equal norms whenever one of the feedback elements is linear. A bound on this norm is given in the case of passive systems with unity negative feedback. <<ETX>>
Analytical model of translational nonequilibrium flow with internal degrees of freedom

Here the essence of new method to the solving of viscous shock layer problem in continuum-transition regime was developed. This method is based on kinetic moment equation with internal degrees of freedom and asymptotical analysis of these equations. Maxwell transport equations are used for derivation of closed system of macroscopic equations describing gas flows in viscous shock layer and hypersonic boundary layer. In contradistinction to the Navier-Stokes equation (NS) the new moment approaches have the non1inear re1ation-ships for shear stress and heat transfer, what concise with the NS re1ation-ships by the sma11 degree of rarefaction оп1у. Moreover in contradistinction to the known continuum local equilibrium approaches based on the Chapman-Enskog method the analytical expressions for frequencies of inelastic binary collisions, taking into account the translational nonequilibrium effect are obtained.
Medial Pulvinar Stimulation in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Literature Review and a Hypothesis Based on Neuroanatomical Findings

While bilateral stimulation of the anterior thalamic nuclei remains the only approved deep brain stimulation (DBS) option for focal epilepsy, two additional thalamic targets have been proposed. Earlier work indicated the potential of centromedian thalamic nucleus stimulation with recent findings highlighting the medial pulvinar nucleus. The latter has been shown to exhibit electrophysiological and imaging alterations in patients with partial status epilepticus and temporal lobe epilepsy. On this basis, recent studies have begun assessing the feasibility and efficacy of pulvinar stimulation, with encouraging results on the reduction of seizure frequency and severity. Building on existing neuroanatomical knowledge, indicating that the medial pulvinar is connected to the temporal lobe via the temporopulvinar bundle of Arnold, we hypothesize that this is one of the routes through which medial pulvinar stimulation affects temporal lobe structures. We suggest that further anatomic, imaging, and electrophysiologic studies are warranted to deepen our understanding of the subject and guide future clinical applications.
The source of the bipolar outflow in Cepheus A

On presente des cartes MERLIN de haute resolution des masers OH et H 2 O de Cepheus A. Ils appartiennent a quatre groupes bien definis associes a quatre des regions HII ultracompactes de CepA. D'apres les mesures il apparait que la plus compacte des regions HII est la source de l'ecoulement bipolaire a grande echelle qui a ete observe en CO
Formation of carbon nanostructures on nickel surfaces: A tight-binding grand canonical Monte Carlo study

The self-organization of carbon atoms close to a nickel surface, which is a process involved in the catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes, is analyzed using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations based on a specifically designed tight-binding interaction model. This model accounts for the competition between very different local configurations around carbon atoms. In the presence of a Ni(111) surface, four types of configurations corresponding to different reaction steps are identified at 500 and 1000 K, when increasing the C chemical potential: single C atoms adsorbed on the surface or incorporated in interstitial sites, chains creeping on the surface, detached sp(2) C layers, and finally a three-dimensional amorphous C phase. At 1500 K a highly disordered carbide phase is formed.
Neuromarketing Tools Used in the Marketing Mix: A Systematic Literature and Future Research Agenda

Although neuromarketing research has developed, the current studies lack to provide comprehensive insights into neuromarketing and marketing mix. Therefore, this study has designed to provide a comprehensive overview of neuromarketing, classification of neuroimaging and physiological tools are currently used in the marketing mix, and highlights the neural responses of consumer’s behavior (e.g., emotions, attention, motivation, reward processing, and perception) to be considered in the marketing mix. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework to select relevant documents for this article. In this study, 106 articles and review papers were extracted and analyzed from the Web of Science database to fill the gap in the literature. We found that 10 tools have been used in studying the marketing mix, such as advertising, brand, price, and product). For example, electroencephalography was the most applied tool, while advertising was the most marketing mix employed. We also found that the frontal and temporal gyri were correlated with pleasure/displeasure and high/low arousal. The occipital lobe is linked to attention processes, while the hippocampus relates to long and short-term memory. Such findings provide valuable insights into the neural responses in marketing mix research.
Minimum squared error synthetic discriminant functions

A new synthetic discriminant function (SDF) design approach is presented that yields the best approximation of arbitrary output correlation shapes in the minimum squared error (MSE) sense. We term such filters as MSE-SDFs. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the advantages of MSE-SDFs. Also, we show that MSE-SDFs generalize minimum average correlation energy filters.
Validation of the new EPIC DNA methylation microarray (900K EPIC v2) for high-throughput profiling of the human DNA methylome

ABSTRACT DNA methylation, one of the best characterized epigenetic marks in the human genome, plays a pivotal role in gene transcription regulation and other biological processes in humans. On top of that, the DNA methylome undergoes profound changes in cancer and other disorders. However, large-scale and population-based studies are limited by high costs and the need for considerable expertise in data analysis for whole-genome bisulphite-sequencing methodologies. Following the success of the EPIC DNA methylation microarray, the newly developed Infinium HumanMethylationEPIC version 2.0 (900K EPIC v2) is now available. This new array contains more than 900,000 CpG probes covering the human genome and excluding masked probes from the previous version. The 900K EPIC v2 microarray adds more than 200,000 probes covering extra DNA cis-regulatory regions such as enhancers, super-enhancers and CTCF binding regions. Herein, we have technically and biologically validated the new methylation array to show its high reproducibility and consistency among technical replicates and with DNA extracted from FFPE tissue. In addition, we have hybridized primary normal and tumoural tissues and cancer cell lines from different sources and tested the robustness of the 900K EPIC v2 microarray when analysing the different DNA methylation profiles. The validation highlights the improvements offered by the new array and demonstrates the versatility of this updated tool for characterizing the DNA methylome in human health and disease.
Nature benefit hypothesis: Direct experiences of nature predict self‐reported pro‐biodiversity behaviors

Human activities are damaging the world's ecosystems, posing a serious threat to life on Earth, including humanity. To address this situation, widespread and significant changes in human behavior are necessary. Direct experiences of nature can encourage individuals to adopt positive actions towards biodiversity (hereafter pro‐biodiversity behavior), but this relationship has not been well studied. Using a large sample of Japanese adults, we demonstrate that both recent and childhood frequencies of nature experiences are associated with an increased likelihood of exhibiting pro‐biodiversity behaviors. This association was found to be consistent across various forms of behaviors, including purchasing ecofriendly products, reducing pesticide use in domestic gardens, and donating to conservation organizations. However, our research also reveals a declining trend of childhood experiences of nature in Japan, resulting in an “extinction of experience. ” Our results suggest that enhancing people's personal experiences with nature could help promote desired behavioral change to halt biodiversity loss.