Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cordycepin Inhibits Enterovirus A71 Replication and Protects Host Cell from Virus-Induced Cytotoxicity through Adenosine Action Pathway

Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) infection typically causes mild illnesses, such as hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), but occasionally leads to severe or fatal neurological complications in infants and young children. Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment available for EV-A71 infection. Thus, the development of an effective anti-EV-A71 drug is required urgently. Cordycepin, a major bioactive compound found in Cordyceps fungus, has been reported to possess antiviral activity. However, its specific activity against EV-A71 is unknown. In this study, the potency and role of cordycepin treatment on EV-A71 infection were investigated. Results demonstrated that cordycepin treatment significantly reduced the viral load and viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) level in EV-A71-infected Vero cells. In addition, EV-A71-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly inhibited in the presence of cordycepin in a dose-dependent manner. The protective effect can also be extended to Caco-2 intestinal cells, as evidenced by the higher median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) values in the cordycepin-treated groups. Furthermore, cordycepin inhibited EV-A71 replication by acting on the adenosine pathway at the post-infection stage. Taken together, our findings reveal that cordycepin could be a potential antiviral candidate for the treatment of EV-A71 infection.
Integrated Discriminant Evaluation of Molecular Genetic Markers and Genetic Diversity Parameters of Endangered Balearic Dog Breeds

The genetic diversity analysis of six dog breeds, including Ca de Bestiar (CB), Ca de Bou (CBOU), Podenco Ibicenco (PI), Ca Rater (CR), Ca Mè (CM), and Ca de Conills (CC), reveals insightful findings. CB showcases the highest mean number of alleles (6.17) and heterozygosity values, with significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) observed in five markers, indicating high intra-racial genetic diversity (average observed heterozygosity (Ho) = 0.754, expected heterozygosity (He) = 0.761). In contrast, CBOU presents the lowest mean number of alleles (5.05) and heterozygosity values, coupled with moderate polymorphic information content (PIC) values and a moderate level of intra-racial genetic diversity (average Ho = 0.313, He = 0.394). PI demonstrates moderate genetic diversity with an average of 5.75 alleles and highly informative PIC values, while CR displays robust genetic diversity with an average of 6.61 alleles and deviations from equilibrium, indicating potential risks of inbreeding (average Ho = 0.563, He = 0.658). CM exhibits moderate genetic diversity and deviations from equilibrium, similar to CBOU, with an average of 6.5 alleles and moderate PIC values (average Ho = 0.598, He = 0.676). Conversely, CC shows a wider range of allelic diversity and deviations from equilibrium (average Ho = 0.611, He = 0.706), suggesting a more diverse genetic background. Inter-racial analysis underscores distinct genetic differentiation between breeds, emphasizing the importance of informed breeding decisions and proactive genetic management strategies to preserve diversity, promote breed health, and ensure long-term sustainability across all breeds studied.
Assamese Dialect Identification Using Static and Dynamic Features from Vowel

—This paper introduces a novel method for identifying Assamese dialects by analyzing the acoustic and prosodic aspects of vowel sounds in speech signals. The distinctive characteristics of these dialects are captured through the use of acoustic parameters such as formants (F1, F2, and F3), as well as prosodic features like energy, fundamental frequency (F0), and duration. To evaluate this approach, a comprehensive vowel speech corpus is collected from native Assamese speakers representing four different dialectal regions. Frame-level statistical features are extracted from vowel sounds, while temporal dynamic features are obtained from steady-state vowel segments. The data collection process involves using a phonetically rich script to record both read and spontaneous speech interactions from speakers of the four dialects. Various classification methods, including three decision tree-based classifiers, i.e., Random Forest (RF), Extreme Random Forest (ERF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), are applied to distinguish the four dialects. The performance of each feature, whether static or dynamic, is individually evaluated. The study reveals that the identification of Assamese dialects is influenced by factors such as speech length, intensity, pitch, and formant frequencies. To assess the significance of these features in distinguishing dialects and to measure their combined impact on the identification system, single-factor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests are conducted. Notably, when static features are combined with the Extreme Random Forest (ERF) ensemble model, the overall accuracy of dialect identification reaches 77%. This research demonstrates the efficacy of using acoustic and prosodic features to accurately classify Assamese dialects, shedding light on the subtle variations within them. In summary, this paper provides a robust framework for Assamese dialect identification and
Microbial fuel cells in electricity generation with waste treatment: Alternative electron acceptors

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) have attracted great interest in recent years as a technology that uses microorganisms to oxidize organic and inorganic materials at the anode for the purpose of bioelectricity generation and bioremediation. In MFC systems, energy can be obtained by using all kinds of organic matter as substrate, from simple molecules (acetate, carbohydrates, glucose etc.) to complex compounds (molasses, cellulose, wastewater, waste sludge, domestic agricultural and animal wastes etc.). In addition to wastewater treatment, MFC technology has additional benefits such as sulfate removal, heavy metal removal, denitrification and nitrification. However, the low power efficiencies and potential losses of these systems limit their applicability on a real scale. Although the anode chamber of MFC systems has been studied in detail over many different parameters, the cathodic electron acceptors have been studied relatively less. In MFC systems, electron acceptors are one of the main parameters influencing power generation as they contribute to overcoming potential losses at the cathode. Oxygen has a relatively high redox potential and is the traditional electron acceptor used in MFC systems as it is reduced to form a clean product like water. However, the need for alternative electron acceptors has increased due to the fact that feeding oxygen to the cathode chamber requires additional energy and the need for catalysts due to the slow O 2 reduction rate. Electricity generation by reducing certain electron acceptors at the cathode chamber has promising potential for bioenergy production, and the use of pollutants such as nitrogen species, heavy metals and perchlorate as electron acceptors reduces the cost for their specific treatment. This review aims to summarize the various electron acceptors used in MFC systems, compare their effects on MFC performance, and discuss possible future areas.
Diversity and distribution of tree species in tropical forests of Northcentral Eastern Ghats, India

Premavani D, Naidu MT, Kumar OA, Venkaiah M. 2017. Diversity and distribution of tree species in tropical forests ofNorthcentral Eastern Ghats, India. Asian J For 1: 27-32. The diversity and distribution of tree species were studied in three 1 ha sites oftropical forests in the northcentral Eastern Ghats of India. The phytosociological data from forest sites were analyzed quantitatively todetermine the basal area, species diversity, richness and stand density. A total of 1,507 individuals of 104 plant taxa, pertaining to 82genera under 41 families were enumerated at â‰¥15 cm gbh using belt transects (5 m A— 1000 m). Tree stand density varied from 371-660individuals per ha while average basal area ranged from 14.54 â€“ 46.51 m2 ha-1. Shannon-Weiner Index (H') ranged from 0.97-0.98,Equitability or evenness index ranged from 0.70-0.79 and Margalef richness index ranged from 10.54 â€“ 10.82. The most dominantfamilies were Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae, and Verbenaceae. Our results suggest further development of forestmanagement and biodiversity conservation in Eastern Ghats region.
Calculations of hydrophysical fields in the coastal regions of the Black Sea with high spatial resolution

Numerical experiments have been carried out using a hydrodynamical model with nonlinear equations of motion and heat and salt advection to reconstruct the fields of hydrophysical parameters in the coastal regions of the Black Sea taking into account the real atmospheric forcing and river discharges for the winter and summer seasons of 2006. A higher spatial resolution allowed to get a detailed meso- and submesoscale structure of hydrophysical fields in the upper and deep layers of the Southern Coast of Crimea and the north-western shelf and to obtain quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the eddies and jets more accurately in comparison with previous calculations.
Freezing degree‐day thresholds and Lake ice‐out dates: Understanding the role of El Niño conditions

In temperate lakes, the wintertime Accumulated Freezing Degree‐Days (AFDD) modulate the thickness and phenology of winter ice‐cover, which in turn influence lake ecosystem processes and functions across seasons. Empirical studies show that the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐winter AFDD relationship for North American regions depends on the location and amplitude of the winter ENSO‐related sea surface temperature (SST) warming/cooling in the tropical Pacific (TP), and consequently changes in the magnitude and frequency of different ENSO patterns engender shifts and transitions in the North American lake ice regimes. For eight lakes located across North America, we found quasi‐linear and non‐linear relationships between winter AFDDs and spring lake ice‐out dates, and in some cases, existence of thresholds above and below which regression slopes are materially different, thus illuminating differential sensitivities. Conditional quantile functions for winter AFDDs that incorporate ENSO indices as covariates were developed to estimate the relative risk of early/late lake ice‐out events for these lakes. For seven of the eight lakes, the canonical Eastern Tropical El Niño pattern increases likelihood of low winter AFDDs (associated with early ice‐out dates in these lakes) by 1.5–2.8 times to that of the climatology (1951–2010 average), while the typical Central Pacific El Niño pattern corresponds to a decrease or no significant change in the occurrence probability of early ice‐out dates in these Lakes. These results demonstrate that the conditional winter AFDD estimated based on a comprehensive characterization of ENSO allow for delineation of distinct local‐to‐regional patterns of elevated risk of early ice out and short lake ice‐cover season for North American region.
TOURISMOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTING EVENTS

Sporting events are programs, which are dominated by creative and complex facilities, primarily sports, but also recreation and entertainment. As such, they achieve tourism effects and goals and have a socio-economic importance for the city, region or state. Depending on the size and importance of sports event, sport has a different role in the context of promoting tourist destination, as well as different values. Each sport discipline has its own criteria by which athletes are ranked individually or as team. The subject of the research is to determine the criteria for the categorization of sporting events, in order to determine the importance of sporting events as an element of the tourist offer (individually or as part of a tourist destination). Also, this paper’s results present a comparative analysis of similar methodologies for the categorization of sporting events. Based on the research presented in the paper, there are four groups of criteria: economic, media, social and environmental. Together with this, paper gives the classification of traditional sporting events in the case of Serbia, dividing them in four groups.
The integration of migrants in OECD regions: A first assessment

This paper provides an assessment of the presence of migrants, their characteristics and integration outcomes across OECD regions, based on a new OECD database on immigrant integration at the regional level. It reveals the wide diversity of the presence of migrants within countries, as well as the specific patterns observed in the way migrants locate and integrate in society across regions. For example, migrants tend to be more spatially concentrated in capital-city and metropolitan regions than the native-born population. What is more, highly-educated migrants are more likely to locate in the same regions where the highly-educated natives concentrate, a trend that is not observed for the low-educated foreign-born. Integration outcomes of migrants, relative to the native-born, are measured through a variety of labour market and housing indicators. The paper also provides preliminary findings on public attitudes towards migrants across regions, which suggest that attitudes tend to be more positive in regions with larger shares of foreign-born population.
Tetraspanin CD82 Correlates with and May Regulate S100A7 Expression in Oral Cancer

Many metastatic cancers with poor prognoses correlate to downregulated CD82, but exceptions exist. Understanding the context of this correlation is essential to CD82 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) constitutes over 90% of oral cancer. We aimed to uncover the function and mechanism of CD82 in OSCC. We investigated CD82 in human OSCC cell lines, tissues, and healthy controls using the CRISPR-Cas9 gene knockout, transcriptomics, proteomics, etc. CD82 expression is elevated in CAL 27 cells. Knockout CD82 altered over 300 genes and proteins and inhibited cell migration. Furthermore, CD82 expression correlates with S100 proteins in CAL 27, CD82KO, SCC-25, and S-G cells and some OSCC tissues. The 37–50 kDa CD82 protein in CAL 27 cells is upregulated, glycosylated, and truncated. CD82 correlates with S100 proteins and may regulate their expression and cell migration. The truncated CD82 explains the invasive metastasis and poor outcome of the CAL 27 donor. OSCC with upregulated truncated CD82 and S100A7 may represent a distinct subtype with a poor prognosis. Differing alternatives from wild-type CD82 may elucidate the contradictory functions and pave the way for CD82 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Species composition and richness along microtopographical gradient, Hardangervidda National Park, Southern Norway

Snow, an effective insulator and a mediator of soil microclimate, determines the abundance and plant species richness patterns in the alpine life zone. The aims of this study are: first, to investigate the species composition of lichens and vascular plant species and relate it with microtopography at fine scale, second, to show the pattern of species richness of total plant species and other life forms with weighted average snow indicator values and third, to investigate whether microtopography causes any significant differences in species richness for total plant species and other life forms. All species (69) in 151 plots of 4 m in 23 transects were used in the analysis. I performed detrended correspondence analysis to explore how microtopographical gradient was related to the variation in the species composition. Afterwards, the weighted average snow indicator value was calculated and used as snow cover gradient. A generalised linear model was used to reveal species richness patterns along the snow cover gradient. One-way ANOVA was performed on the 69 plots, distributed on the 23 transects to identify topographic variability in species richness. DCA analysis reveals that the first axis represents the complex gradient from snow free ridge to wet snowbed habitats and the second axis represents a gradient from acidic to calcareous sites. Species richness for total plant species, vascular plant species and herbaceous plant species increased with increase in WASI value, whilst species richness for lichen species declined substantially towards the maximum weighted average snow indicator value. In contrast, species richness for dwarf shrub species showed a unimodal relationship with hump shaped pattern against WASI. Lichen’s species richness is greater in ridge and less in snowbeds, while all other life forms follow the opposite trend. Here, liquid water availability determines species richness in mountains, particularly in my study which is controlled by snow cover and prevalent wind direction. The short growing season limits species richness, although there is enough available water, which shows that time is an important vector that determines the species richness along the microtopographical gradient. Hence, this study illustrates that small-scale data reveals local variations, which are overlooked when using regional scale data, but provide important knowledge on how to optimise predictions for plant species composition and richness in space
Perancangan Dan Implementasi Bot Telegram Untuk Pemetaan Lokasi ODP Dan Akses Informasi Di Telkom Akses Kota Samarinda

Facing the dynamic landscape of the telecommunications industry, this research delves into key challenges in the operational efficiency of network management. The approach involves designing and implementing an innovative Telegram bot, specifically crafted to map the locations of Optical Distribution Points (ODP). This bot enables technicians to easily access information by entering the ODP name through the Telegram platform. The research methodology employs a descriptive method and a development method using the waterfall SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) concept, suitable for small-scale projects. Unified Modeling Language (UML), including Use Case Diagrams and Activity Diagrams, aids in the system design. The author conducted an in-depth identification of field technicians' requirements, storing ODP data in Google sheets, including ODP name, geographical coordinates, address, partner, (GPON), and status. The Telegram bot implementation displays location information linked directly to Google Maps, providing essential details such as address, partner, type (GPON), and ODP status. This Telegram bot implementation demonstrates a significant positive impact, contributing to the effectiveness and empowerment of field technicians in managing ODP data. Discussions involving bot success evaluation and potential work effectiveness underscore positive outcomes. The research anticipates that all technicians at PT Telkom Akses Samarinda can utilize this bot to enhance their operational workflows.
Hyperspectral Image Study based on Deep Learning Model HSI-ConvNext

In recent years, deep learning techniques have made significant research progress in the field of hyperspectral image processing. Hyperspectral images are widely used in agriculture, environmental monitoring, geological exploration and other fields due to their richness in material and spectral information about objects. Deep learning models play an important role in hyperspectral image research and are able to learn feature representations from large-scale high-dimensional data, improving the performance of tasks such as classification, segmentation, and detection. In the study, researchers usually improve and optimize for the features of hyperspectral images by constructing deep learning models such as HSI-ConvNext. It is able to capture the correlation between different bands, thus realizing semantic segmentation and target detection for hyperspectral images. Data augmentation can effectively expand the limited hyperspectral dataset, and migration learning is able to migrate the knowledge of models trained in other domains to hyperspectral image tasks. Realistic hyperspectral images can be generated for data enhancement and model training. In conclusion, the study of hyperspectral images based on the deep learning model HSI-ConvNext provides new methods and techniques for the analysis and application of hyperspectral data. In the future, with the continuous development of deep learning technology, we can expect more innovations and breakthroughs in the field of hyperspectral image processing.
A Sharp View on River Dune Transition to Upper Stage Plane Bed

Sandy river beds are dominated by rhythmic features known as dunes. Experimental investigations of turbulent flow and sediment transport over dunes have predominantly focused on equilibrium flows that are rare in natural rivers. Using a novel acoustic instrument over migrating dunes in a laboratory setting, we quantify a number of dynamical properties that are crucial in our understanding and modeling of dune morphology and kinematics, particularly under nonequilibrium flows during dune transition to upper stage plane bed. Measured sediment transport distributions reveal a positive spatial lag between dune crest and maximum sediment transport rate that eventually caused washing out of dunes. Bed load was entirely captured in dune troughs, contributing to dune translation where most of suspended load was advected further downstream contributing to dune deformation. Measured bypass fraction was about 76%, which means that only 24% of the total sediment load at the dune crest contributed to dune migration.
A Better Fruit Quality of Grafted Blueberry Than Own-Rooted Blueberry Is Linked to Its Anatomy

To further clarify the impact of different rootstocks in grafted blueberry, fruit quality, mineral contents, and leaf gas exchange were investigated in ‘O’Neal’ blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) grafted onto ‘Anna’ (V. corymbosum) (AO), ‘Sharpblue’ (V. corymbosum) (SO), ‘Baldwin’ (V. virgatum) (BO), ‘Plolific’ (V. virgatum) (PO), and ‘Tifblue’ (V. virgatum) (TO) rootstocks and own-rooted ‘O’Neal’ (NO), and differences in anatomic structures and drought resistance were determined in AO, TO, and NO. The findings revealed that fruit quality in TO and PO was excellent, that of BO and SO was good, and that of AO and NO was medium. ‘Tifblue’ and ‘Plolific’ rootstocks significantly increased the levels of leaf phosphorus and net photosynthetic rate of ‘O’Neal’, accompanied by a synchronous increase in their transpiration rates, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2. Additionally, the comprehensive evaluation scores from a principal component analysis based on anatomic structure traits from high to low were in the order TO > AO > NO. The P50 (xylem water potential at 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity) values of these grafted plants descended in the order NO > AO > TO, and the branch hydraulic conductivity of TO and sapwood hydraulic conductivity of TO and AO were significantly lower than those of NO. Thus, TO plants exhibited the strongest drought resistance, followed by AO, and NO, and this trait was related to the effects of different rootstocks on the fruit quality of ‘O’Neal’ blueberry. These results provided a basis for a deeper understanding of the interaction between rootstocks and scions, as well mechanisms to improve blueberry fruit quality.