Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Macroprudential Financial Regulation Can save Neoliberalism

Research Highlights and Abstract This article Examines the global financial crisis through the larger lens of the optimal models of growth for the Anglo-American political economies. Offers a concise yet thorough synthesis of two major explanations—the debt-driven growth hypothesis and the financial instability hypothesis—of the global financial crisis. Analyzes substantial empirical evidence for both hypotheses, calling into question the utility of the widely cited debt-driven growth hypothesis. Offers a novel interpretation of how the financial instability hypothesis can in fact be interpreted as showing the potential for stabilizing the neoliberal model of growth through macroprudential financial regulation. Outlines the major elements and institutions of macroprudential regulation and examines both the potential and pitfalls of this approach. For many, the 2008 global financial crisis (GFC) signaled the end of neoliberalism. This article argues that the crash was less the exhaustion of the free market model as a problem of excessive credit. Focusing on Anglo-American economies, this article explores two competing hypotheses—debt-driven growth and financial instability. The rationale and empirical evidence for both are reviewed, showing that the financial instability hypothesis, with its emphasis on financial (credit) cycles, offers the more compelling explanation. The main flaw of the neoliberal growth model is a tendency for excessive credit growth, producing crashes that wipe out gains in the real economy. The solution is macroprudential financial regulations—broad controls on financial markets to smooth the credit cycle. Implementing macroprudential financial controls could ‘save’ neoliberalism by securing its more robust output while limiting the disruptive financial shocks that serve to undercut that dynamism.
Optimal Design of Radial-Flux Toroidally Wound Brushless DC Machines

Toroidally wound brushless dc (BLDC) machines are compact, economical, and can operate across large air gaps. In this paper, we provide analytical design equations for a radial-flux toroidally wound BLDC machine. The validity of the design equations is checked against finite-element analyses (FEAs) and experiments. It is found that the motor constant calculated by the design equations is off only by 5% from the results by the FEAs or experiments. We also provide an optimization metric that corresponds to the maximization of machine torque while maintaining minimum power loss. Two optimal design cases are presented.
The order of logics in Swedish sport – feeding the hungry beast of result orientation and commercialization

Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyse the dominant logics (Bettis & Pralahad, 1995) that set the stage for the Swedish sports movement. The study was made within the conceptual framework of institutional theory (DiMaggio & Powell, 1983) and the concept of design archetypes (Greenwood & Hinings, 1988). Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with six respondents representing six Swedish voluntary sports clubs. The results reveal a design archetype emerging from the Swedish sports movement that is influenced by three dominant logics; the sport-for-all logic, the result-oriented logic and the commercialization/professionalization logic. It is proposed that there is an order in these logics where the sport-for-all logic, promoted by the sports movement itself, is overshadowed by forces originating from the open market and the inherent performance focus of competitive sports, i.e. the commercialization/professionalization logic and the result-oriented logic. Furthermore, it is argued that this order of logics originates from the implementation of attitudes and values in organizational structures that reflect the result-oriented and commercialization/professionalization logics.
Progress in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia

Significant progress in understanding the mechanisms leading to the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has led to the identification of numerous molecular abnormalities that may be responsible for leukemogenesis. Over the same period, large trials have established standard regimens combining cytotoxic agents for the treatment of patients with AML. Current research is attempting to better stratify patients by identifying risk factors responsible for resistance, and to discern ways for incorporating newer agents with specific and targeted activity into our standard regimens, Herein the recent developments in the diagnosis and treatment of AML are reviewed. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society.
1/2-Approximation polynomial-time algorithm for a problem of searching a subset

The work considers the mathematical aspects of one of the most fundamental problems of data analysis: search (choice) among a collection of objects for a subset of similar ones. In particular, the problem appears in connection with data editing and cleaning (removal of irrelevant (not similar) elements). We consider the model of this problem, i.e., the problem of searching for a subset of largest cardinality in a finite set of points of the Euclidean space for which quadratic variation of points with respect to its unknown centroid does not exceed a given fraction of the quadratic variation of points of the input set with respect to its centroid. It is proved that the problem is strongly NP-hard. A polynomial-time 1/2-approximation algorithm is proposed. The results of the numerical simulation demonstrating the effectiveness of the algorithm are presented.
Towards European Monetary Union without the EMS

Towards EMU without the EMS Paul De Grauwe This paper examines the causes of the breakdown of the EMS, arguing that EMS credibility has always been impaired by recessions. This has relevance both for the future of monetary union in Europe and for the path by which it might be attained. I argue that, in comparison with the ERM, the present more flexible exchange rate arrangements will ease, not exacerbate, some of the technical problems in making the transition to EMU. I then analyse the political economy of monetary union and identify the main stumbling blocks that remain. Finally, I set out a specific proposal that takes advantage of the new opportunities to move forward towards EMU.
Reconciling paper and tablets: interaction mappings for linking physical information with digital documents

Despite the increasing use of tablet computers, there is evidence that paper still plays an important role for recording ideas and knowledge. Research on tablet usage suggests that they are seen to have a complementary role to that of paper. However, current methods of transferring paper-based information onto a digital device are limited to transcribing, scanning and taking a picture. We present a design study that investigates better-integrated ways of linking paper-based information with digital documents, such as websites or files. Our solution leverages new transparent display technologies for providing a direct augmentation of paper-based information while at the same time being capable of displaying associated digital documents. Through a series of design iterations and user evaluations, we identified interaction mappings for this new type of augmented reality as well as considerations for future implementations of transparent mobile devices.
Induced Adoption and Externalities in the Regional Diffusion of Information Technology

ANTONELLI C. (1990) Induced adoption and externalities in the regional diffusion of information technology, Reg. Studies 24, 31–40. Information technology can be considered as a set of complex radical innovations which continues to evolve and has a major impact both within the plant and the office. In such a context its regional diffusion is likely to be determined by relevant externalities together with the effects of a wage-induced process of localized technological change and adoption. Data on the territorial distribution of fax machines and modems show that the levels of diffusion of information technology in Italy is highly uneven, favouring central regions endowed with higher levels of fixed and human capital and consequently income. The econometric analysis confirms that diffusion levels of both fax and modems across provinces are significantly associated with the level of wages as is to be expected from the induced adoption hypothesis and from the existence of external factors such as the presence.
Informal caregiving of hospice patients.

BACKGROUND Informal caregivers play a critical role in the provision of care to hospice patients. The care they provide often impacts their physical and psychological well-being. OBJECTIVE This study synthesized 58 articles pertaining to informal hospice caregiving, focusing on caregivers' satisfaction with hospice services, the physical and psychological well-being of caregivers, the predictors of caregivers' well-being, the direct impact of hospice services on caregivers, and the effectiveness of targeted interventions for hospice caregivers. METHOD A systematic literature review of journal articles published between 1985 and 2012 was conducted. RESULTS The studies reviewed found hospice caregivers to experience clinically significant levels of anxiety, depression, and stress; however, results for caregiver burden and quality of life were mixed. Caregivers' perceptions regarding the meaningfulness of care as well as their levels of social support were associated with enhanced psychological outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Beyond satisfaction with hospice services, the direct impact of standard hospice care on caregivers remains uncertain. Caregiver intervention studies have demonstrated promising outcomes signifying a need for additional investigations into hospice-specific interventions that improve caregiver outcomes. Additional research and resources are needed to assist hospice caregivers, with the ultimate goal of minimizing their psychiatric and physical morbidity and enhancing their caregiving and subsequent bereavement processes.
When unions merge: The making of the UCU

The article examines the 2006 merger of the Association of University Teachers (AUT) and the National Association of Teachers in Further and Higher Education (NATFHE) to form the University and College Union (UCU). It focuses on the impact of the merger on the strategy and tactics adopted during the most significant pay dispute higher education has so far witnessed. In particular, it details internal relations within the dominant union in the dispute, the AUT, and suggests that these limited the effectiveness of mobilisation and go some way to explaining the outcome of the dispute.
Individual Variations in Protective Effects of Experimentally Formed Salivary Pellicles

Salivary proteins protect teeth against acid-induced softening and demineralization by forming a pellicle. However, little is known about individual, gender and ethnic variations in this effect. Therefore, we aimed to determine differences in protective effects of experimentally formed pellicles from 10 healthy young Scandinavians (3 women and 7 men) and 10 healthy young non-Scandinavians (4 women and 6 men) including Arabic, Persian, Pakistan, Indian, and Chinese subjects. Bovine enamel blocks, which were precoated with parotid and submandibular salivary proteins for 12 h, were exposed to an acidic solution with surface microhardness (SMH) determinations before and after. No change in SMH equalled 100% protection, whereas SMH corresponding to no protein coating equalled 0%. The results showed that experimentally formed pellicles from non-Scandinavians protected enamel better than pellicles from Scandinavians (p < 0.001). Within groups protective effects of pellicles formed from parotid and submandibular saliva were equal and subjects with high protection from parotid saliva pellicles also had high protection from submandibular saliva pellicles (r = 0.78; p < 0.001). Within groups considerable differences were obtained among individuals ranging from 25 to 51% protection. However, SDS-PAGE and HPLC did not reveal any systematic relation between saliva protein composition and protective effects, although slightly more of the SN-isoform of S-type cystatin was found in pooled parotid saliva from those non-Scandinavian subjects showing highest protection. We conclude that individual variations in experimental pellicle protection against erosive challenges exist and that such variations appear not to be due to differences in a single protein component.
Dividend stability, dividend yield and stock returns: UK evidence

This paper establishes an empirical role for two measures of dividend stability (as a proxy for dividend policy) in explaining UK stock returns. There is little systematic empirical evidence concerning the relation between dividend stability, dividend yield and stock returns despite the fact that a variety of theoretical models point to dividend policy as an important stock attribute. Here we construct two definitions of dividend stability, one of which involves dividend cuts, and use a sample of all listed UK firms from 1975 to 1997 to explore the relationship between stock returns and a variety of characteristics, including dividend stability. We find an inverse correlation between the stability of past dividend policy and systematic risk. Both stability measures have explanatory power over returns, but this is concentrated in January. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2000.
supplemented with two different forms of vitamin D Reproductive performance and bone status markers of gilts and lactating sows

In swine nutrition, little is known about the vitamin D requirements for reproductive processes and bone health. Consequently, the vitamin D recommendation for sows during gestation and lactation is not based on scientific reports. The current study was undertaken to obtain information on the dose-response pattern of 2 vitamin D sources, the commonly used cholecalciferol, called vitamin D3, and a newly developed Hy·D product (25-hydroxycholecalciferol). In Exp. 1, a total of 160 gilts were randomly assigned from the first estrus until d 28 of gestation to dietary treatments containing 4 concentrations of 1 of the 2 different vitamin D sources [200, 800, 1,400, and 2,000 IU/kg of vitamin D from cholecalciferol or corresponding doses of 5, 20, 35, and 50 μg/kg of feed from 25(OH)D3 (Hy·D)]. In a concurrent experiment, the same 8 dietary treatments were provided to 160 multiparous sows from the first day of mating until weaning. Plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D3 were influenced by a dose × form interaction (P < 0.001); furthermore, plasma 25(OH)D3 concentrations were influenced by the lactation state of the sows. Irrespective of the dietary dose and form of vitamin D provided to the sows, very little vitamin D was transferred to the progeny. Reproductive performance was not influenced by dietary vitamin D treatments, except for a decreased number of stillborn piglets (P = 0.03, SE = 0.40) with the larger doses of vitamin D (1,400 and 2,000 IU of vitamin D, resulting in 1.17 and 1.13 stillborn piglets per litter, respectively) compared with the smaller doses of vitamin D (200 and 800 IU of vitamin D, resulting in 1.98 and 1.99 stillborn piglets per litter, respectively). In the gilt trial, the ultimate strength of the bones (P = 0.01) and their content of ash (P = 0.02) were greater when vitamin D3 was supplemented in doses larger than 800 IU, compared with the same amount of Hy·D supplementation. In the sow experiment, lactation day (P < 0.001), rather than dietary vitamin D, influenced the concentrations of osteocalcin and Ca as well as the activities of total alkaline phosphatase and bone alkaline phosphatase in plasma. Age of the suckling piglets affected their plasma bone health markers. In conclusion, at doses greater than 200 IU, Hy·D was more bioavailable than vitamin D3 and, as such, could be considered an equivalent or even more advantageous source of vitamin D. In addition, a dietary dose of approximately 1,400 IU of vitamin D is recommended for reproducing swine. Irrespective of the dietary dose and form of vitamin D provided to the sows, very little vitamin D was transferred to the progeny.
The Effect of Handle Friction and Inward or Outward Torque on Maximum Axial Push Force

Objective: To investigate the relationship among friction, applied torque, and axial push force on cylindrical handles. Background: We have earlier demonstrated that participants can exert greater contact force and torque in an “inward” movement of the hand about the long axis of a gripped cylinder (wrist flexion/forearm supination) than they can in an “outward” hand movement. Method: Twelve healthy participants exerted anteriorly directed maximum push forces along the long axis of aluminum and rubber handles while applying deliberate inward or outward torques, no torque (straight), and an unspecified (preferred) torque. Results: Axial push force was 12% greater for the rubber handle than for the aluminum handle. Participants exerted mean torques of 1.1, 0.3, 2.5, and —2.0 Nm and axial push forces of 94, 85, 75, and 65 N for the preferred, straight, inward, and outward trials, respectively. Left to decide for themselves, participants tended to apply inward torques, which were associated with increased axial push forces. Conclusion: Axial push force was limited by hand-handle coupling — not the whole body's push strength. Participants appeared to intuitively know that the application of an inward torque would improve their maximum axial push force. Axial push forces were least when a deliberate torque was requested, probably because high levels of torque exertions interfered with the push. Application: A low-friction handle decreases maximum axial push force. It should be anticipated that people will apply inward torque during maximum axial push.
Meeting business and management training and development needs through competency assessment

Recent years have seen the development of a plethora of approaches to competency assessment. While many serve a purpose, it is arguably not that of meeting long-term business objectives. In this article, I hope to dispel some of the confusion which has arisen and to strengthen the case for a strategic approach to competency assessment. I have begun with a comment on the development of the management training and development market in the UK, which leads into the inception of the concept of competency assessment in the UK. Linked to the comment on the development of the management training and development market is an explanation of why I believe a strategic approach to competency assessment is the only route to take if real business value is to be gained. An outline of the approach is given, explaining how the output can form the basis of an organization's human resource development strategy.
Fuzzy logic based integrated control of Anti-lock Brake System and Collision Avoidance System using CAN for electric vehicles

This paper investigates the integrated control of Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) and Collision Avoidance System (CAS) in electric vehicle. Fuzzy logic techniques are applied for integral control of two subsystems. Control algorithm is implemented and tested in a prototype electric vehicle in laboratory environment using freescale HCS12 microcontroller. A high level network protocol CAN is applied to integrate all sensors, ABS and CAS. The results show that integrated control of ABS and CAS maintains the safe distance from obstacle without sacrificing the performance of either system.
Client Importance, Institutional Improvements, and Audit Quality in China: An Office and Individual Auditor Level Analysis

ABSTRACT: This study examines how the legal and regulatory changes in China affect the relationship between client economic importance and audit quality. At the individual auditor level, we find that the propensity to issue modified audit opinions (MAOs) is negatively correlated with client importance from 1995 to 2000. However, from 2001 to 2004, when the institutional environment became more investor‐friendly, the propensity to issue MAOs is positively associated with client importance. These findings are corroborated by an analysis of regulatory sanctions. Although client importance measured at the office level is also negatively related to the propensity for MAOs from 1995 to 2000 without controlling for the auditor‐level client importance, this result is sensitive to model specification and sample composition. Our results suggest that (1) institutional improvements prompt auditors to prioritize the costs of compromising quality over the economic benefits gained from important clients; and (2) the imp.
The Human Capital Theory through the Prism of Financial Security of Finland's Education

The paper is concerned with the questions of reproduction of the human capital in Finland and, in particular,investments into education. The paper shows the role of the state which provides realization of constitutionalrights of citizens of this country to free educational services that empowers Finland to reach the leading positionin the European innovative system.
Democratic dilemmas in EU multilevel governance: untangling the Gordian knot

This article discusses what implications the European Union’s (EU’s) multilevel structure has for its democratic legitimacy. It identifies three channels of democratic input in the EU – the European Parliament, national democratic processes influencing the Council of Ministers, and civil society participation in consultation procedures of the European Commission – and assesses them on the basis of a comprehensive set of criteria. The evaluation shows that the democratization of the EU faces three interlinked dilemmas. Most fundamentally, there is an incongruence in territorial scope between the issues requiring democratic control (increasingly European if not global) and the imagined communities necessary for the functioning of democratic procedures (primarily national). This ‘congruence dilemma’ intensifies contradictions between participation and deliberation, as well as between effectiveness and accountability in EU decision-making. Grand reforms that would solve these dilemmas once and for all are unlikely to be successful, but changes in the interplay of the three democratic channels – such as the disentanglement of political competencies, the formalization of inter-channel conciliation procedures, and the introduction of directly democratic mechanisms – promise to mitigate their negative effects.
Understanding and meeting the challenges of consumer/tourist experience research

This paper seeks to provide a framework that will help us identify and better understand the major challenges we face in consumer/tourist experience research. These challenges have both theoretical and managerial dimensions. Based on an extensive and comprehensive review of the current literature in the field, we have categorised extant knowledge into six main streams of theoretical thinking and empirical research. These streams were identified as the fundamentals of the experience, experience-seeking behaviours, methodologies used in experience research, the nature of specific tourism experiences, managerial issues in the design and delivery of experiences, and the evolutionary trail of experience thinking. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk Perceptions, Risk Preference, and Acceptance of Risky Food

Consumers' risk preferences are often overlooked in studies of consumer demand for risky food. We find that risk preferences elicited through context-less lottery choices are significantly related to consumers' stated preferences for genetically modified (GM) food. These results suggest risk preferences elicited in the laboratory are not artificial in the sense that they appear to be related to the same risk preferences that govern other individual decisions such as food choice. Consistent with theoretical expectations, risk perceptions and risk preferences were found to be significant determinants of acceptance of GM food, which has important implications for explaining consumer behavior.