Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Still Crazy about Teaching after All These Years: An Interview with Dick Gorman

Richard Gorman received his BA in philosophy from the University of Notre Dame and his PhD in educational psychology from Fordham University. Over the years, he has taught at several colleges and universities—both in the east and west—and is currently a member of the Psychology Department at Central New Mexico Community College. He has taught courses in developmental, educational, and cognitive psychology, but is currently concentrating on the introductory psychology course. His publications include a text in the psychology of classroom learning, an introduction to Piaget's theory for teachers, and, more recently, an introductory psychology text. He has given presentations and workshops on discovery learning to various audiences including the National Institute on the Teaching of Psychology (NITOP). Brian L. Burke is an Assistant Professor of Psychology at Fort Lewis College, a public liberal arts college in Durango, Colorado. He is a licensed clinical psychologist whose principal academic interests include motivational interviewing and college teaching. He regularly attends teaching conferences, twice winning the Doug Bernstein Award for innovative teaching ideas (NITOP 2004, 2005). He also won the New Faculty Teaching Award at Fort Lewis College in 2005. He teaches a wide variety of courses, including introductory psychology, personality, abnormal, counseling, research methods, history of psychology (via a European trip), and forensic psychology. Brian hails originally from Montreal, Canada, and received his PhD from the University of Arizona in 2003.
Induced early expression of mrf4 but not myog rescues myogenesis in the myod/myf5 double-morphant zebrafish embryo

Muscle regulatory factors activate myogenesis in all vertebrates, but their role has been studied in great detail only in the mouse embryo, where all but myogenin – Myod, Myf5 and Mrf4 – are sufficient to activate (albeit not completely) skeletal myogenesis. In the zebrafish embryo, myod and myf5 are required for induction of myogenesis because their simultaneous ablation prevents muscle development. Here we show that mrf4 but not myog can fully rescue myogenesis in the myod/myf5 double morphant via a selective and robust activation of myod, in keeping with its chromatin-remodelling function in vitro. Rescue does not happen spontaneously, because the gene, unlike that in the mouse embryo, is expressed only at the onset of muscle differentiation, Moreover, because of the transient nature of morpholino inhibition, we were able to investigate how myogenesis occurs in the absence of a myotome. We report that in the complete absence of a myotome, subsequent myogenesis is abolished, whereas myogenesis does proceed, albeit abnormally, when the morpholino inhibition was not complete. Therefore our data also show that the early myotome is essential for subsequent skeletal muscle differentiation and patterning in the zebrafish.
The Lasting Impression of Chairman Mao: Hyperfidelity of Familiar-Face Memory

We examined the accuracy of a highly-familiar-face representation in memory. In experiment 1, a famous portrait of Chairman Mao was digitally altered in terms of the distance between his two eyes, two pixels at a time. Mainland Chinese adults were shown the original or altered photos, one at a time, and asked to determine whether each was that of Chairman Mao or altered. Eastern Asian and Caucasian participants, who were unfamiliar with Mao's photo, were shown simultaneously the original face paired with the altered ones and asked to determine whether the photos were identical. The Mainland Chinese participants' memory threshold approximated the perceptual discrimination threshold of the Eastern Asian and Caucasian participants. Experiments 2 and 3 ruled out that the result of experiment 1 was due to artifacts of photographic alteration. The findings of the present study suggest that our memory of a very familiar face is highly accurate, at least in terms of the interocular configuration. The accuracy is perhaps only limited by the perceptual resolution capacity of our visual system.
Early conversations about causality: Content, pragmatics and developmental change.

Developments in children's participation in causal discourse with their mothers and older siblings were studied in the naturally occurring conversations of 50 second-born children observed at home at 33 and 40 months. There were marked increases in discourse about causality, and changes in content and in the social context in which children discussed cause, with an increase in causal talk about inner states and social practices. At 33 months children talked about cause chiefly in attempts to get their own needs met, at 40 months chiefly in reflective discussion. Patterns over time in the discourse measures, and correlations between these measures at 33 months and the children's success on an assessment of understanding of the causes of emotions at 40 months highlighted the continuity in child differences, and the importance of particular pragmatic contexts, including disputes, within which discourse about causality takes place.
Supplementary Information : Post-exposure prophylaxis during pandemic outbreaks

1Institute for Biodiagnostics, National Research Council C anada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, 2Department of Mathematics and Statistics, The University o f Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada 3Analysis and Stochastics Research Group, Hungarian Academ y of Sciences, Bolyai Institute, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary 4Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto an d Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 5Centre for Disease Modelling, York Institute of Health Rese arch, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
A nxiety and depression influence the relation between disability status and quality of life in multiple sclerosis

Disability status, depression and anxiety are important determinants of quality of life (Q oL) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated whether anxiety and depression influence the relation between disability status and Q oL in our cohort of recently diagnosed patients. Disability status [Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)], anxiety and depression [Hospital A nxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)], and Q oL (SF-36) were prospectively obtained in 101 MS patients. The relation between EDSS and SF-36 scales was examined using regression analyses, without and with adjustment for anxiety and depression. Interaction effects were investigated by comparing the relation between EDSS and Q oL in patients with high and low anxiety and depression. In the unadjusted analyses, EDSS was significantly related to all SF-36 physical and mental health scales. A fter adjustment for anxiety and depression, EDSS was significantly related only to the SF-36 physical functioning, role-physical functioning and bodily pain scales. The relation between EDSS and these SF-36 scales was consistently higher in patients with more symptoms of anxiety or depression, suggesting that anxiety and depression strengthened the association of EDSS in these SF-36 physical health scales. A fter adjustment for anxiety and depression, EDSS was not significantly related to the SF-36 mental health scales and the general health scale. This finding is compatible with the hypothesis that anxiety and depression are intermediate factors in the association of EDSS with these SF-36 scales. Screening for symptoms of anxiety and depression is recommended in studies that use Q oL as an outcome measure of treatment or intervention efficacy.
On the Complexity of Some Coloring Games

In this paper we consider the following game: players must alternately color the lowest numbered uncolored vertex of a given graph G= ({1, 2,…, n}, E) with a color, taken from a given set C, such that two adjacent vertices are never colored with the same color. In one variant, the first player which is unable to move, loses the game. In another variant, player 1 wins the game if and only if the game ends with all vertices colored. We show that for both variants, the problem of determining whether there is a winning strategy for player 1 is PSPACE-complete for any C with |C|≥3, but the problems are solvable in , and time, respectively, if |C|=2. We also give polynomial time algorithms for the problems with certain restrictions on the graphs and orderings of the vertices. We give some partial results for the versions where no order for coloring the vertices is specified.
The relation of general socio-emotional processing to parenting specific behavior: a study of mothers with and without posttraumatic stress disorder

Socio-emotional information processing during everyday human interactions has been assumed to translate to social-emotional information processing when parenting a child. Yet, few studies have examined whether this is indeed the case. This study aimed to improve on this by connecting the functional neuroimaging data when seeing socio-emotional interactions that are not parenting specific to observed maternal sensitivity. The current study considered 45 mothers of small children (12–42 months of age). It included healthy controls (HC) and mothers with interpersonal violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder (IPV-PTSD), as well as mothers without PTSD, both with and without IPV exposure. We found that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activity correlated negatively with observed maternal sensitivity when mothers watched videos of menacing vs. prosocial adult male–female interactions. This relationship was independent of whether mothers were HC or had IPV-PTSD. We also found dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) activity to be correlated negatively with maternal sensitivity when mothers watched any kind of arousing adult interactions. With regards to ACC and vmPFC activity, we interpret our results to mean that the ease of general emotional information integration translates to parenting-specific behavior. Our dlPFC activity findings support the idea that the efficiency of top-down control of socio-emotional processing in non-parenting specific contexts may be predictive of parenting behavior.
PRUN : Eliminating Information Redundancy for Large Scale Data Backup System

In this work, we develop novel backup system, PRUN, for massive scale data storage. PRUN aims at improving the backup latency and storage overhead of backup via effectively eliminating information redundancy in the files. PRUN eliminates intra-file and inter-file information redundancy. PRUN consists of client module and server module. PRUN consists of three key technical ingredients: redundancy detection, fingerprint manager, and chunk manager. File chunking for redundancy detection is the most time consuming task in backup. For efficient file chunking, we develop incremental modulo-K algorithm which enables us to improve the file chunking time significantly. We perform various experiment to measure the overhead of each tasks in backup operation and to examine the efficiency of redundancy elimination. Incremental modulo-K reduces the file chunking latency by approximately 60%. Redundancy elimination scheme can reduce the storage requirement of backup by 80% when we backup different minor versions of Linux 2.6 kernel source.
Efficient Minimization of DFAs with Partial Transition Functions

Let PT-DFA mean a deterministic finite automaton whose transition relation is a partial function. We present an algorithm for minimizing a PT-DFA in $O(m lg n)$ time and $O(m+n+alpha)$ memory, where $n$ is the number of states, $m$ is the number of defined transitions, and $alpha$ is the size of the alphabet. Time consumption does not depend on $alpha$, because the $alpha$ term arises from an array that is accessed at random and never initialized. It is not needed, if transitions are in a suitable order in the input. The algorithm uses two instances of an array-based data structure for maintaining a refinable partition. Its operations are all amortized constant time. One instance represents the classical blocks and the other a partition of transitions. Our measurements demonstrate the speed advantage of our algorithm on PT-DFAs over an $O(alpha n lg n)$ time, $O(alpha n)$ memory algorithm.
Shrew Attack Prevention in RED Queue with Partial Flow Analysis

Shrew Attacks or Low Rate Denial of Service(LDoS) Attacks are initiated by sending large amount of packets for very short span of time such that the packet sending rate crosses the link capacity resulting in network congestion. Compared to Denial of Service (DoS) Attack, LDoS attack is very difficult to be detected because, the attacker can maintain low average packet sending rate while executing an attack. If the rate and interval of LDoS attack is properly estimated and executed, this attack can cause a severe threat to the retransmission time out adjustment of TCP and hence reduce its throughput to near zero. This paper proposes a lightweight LDoS filter which can be added with Preferential Dropping RED, to detect and prevent LDoS packets before they reach RED dropping policy. The advantage of this method is that only partial flows need to be analyzed to detect an attack. Simulations done in NS2 shows that, our method can effectively mitigate LDoS attack while maintaining fairness in bandwidth and low average queuing delay. General Terms Networking, Security, Intrusion Detection System
Re‐evaluation of decision alternatives dependent upon the reversibility of a decision and the passage of time

In the present experiment subjects made a decision between two alternatives which was either reversible or irreversible. After the choice, subjects evaluated the attractiveness of both alternatives once more under different time levels. It was found that with increasing time level, re-evaluation of alternatives increased under irreversible and decreased under reversible conditions. The results are discussed in the framework of dissonance theory.
Role of Steroid Hormone Coregulators in Health and Disease

The involvement of coactivators and corepressors, collectively termed as coregulators, increases the complexity of regulation of steroid hormone action. Following the interaction of the steroid hormone-receptor complex with the specific nucleotide sequences of target genes, the coregulators are recruited for activation or suppression of specific genes. The coregulators regulate a number of hormonal events during pregnancy, sex differentiation, development, reproduction and sexual behavior. They also exert equally important functions in non-reproductive tissues like heart, kidney, pancreas, bone and brain. The mutation and/or aberrant expression of these coregulators affect the normal function of steroid hormones and result in physiological abnormalities leading to the development of diseases. Therefore, understanding the role of coregulators in steroid hormone action is important and would help in developing the therapeutic strategy for the treatment of steroid-related diseases. In this review article, we describe the coregulators and their implication in health and pathogenesis of diseases. Furthermore, the possible therapeutic approach has been discussed for the treatment of steroid-related diseases, which will be of future interest in the field of medical sciences.
Rheumatoid Aortitis: A Rarely Recognized but Clinically Significant Entity

Aortitis as a feature of rheumatoid arthritis is considered rare. We have, however, identified 10 patients with aortitis from among 188 consecutive autopsy cases of rheumatoid arthritis. There were 5 men and 5 women with a mean duration of rheumatoid arthritis of 9.6 years. Nine were rheumatoid factor positive and had associated nodules. In addition to standard treatment regimens, 9 patients received corticosteroids. Although involvement of the thoracic aorta was most common, involvement of both the thoracic and abdominal aorta was present in 4 cases. Two patients had aneurysmal dilatation of the thoracic aorta and 1 of the abdominal aorta. Microscopic features of aortitis included necrosis of medial smooth muscle and elastica, with an inflammatory infiltrate comprising primarily lymphocytes and plasma cells. A panmural aortitis was seen in 3 cases. Rheumatoid granulomas were noted in the aortic wall in 5. The diagnosis of aortitis was not made until autopsy in any case. Aortitis was hemodynamically significant in 3 patients. Two had congestive heart failure secondary to thoracic aortitis and aortic valvulitis, and 1 had rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm at a site involved by aortitis. Seven patients had rheumatoid vasculitis with a mean of 10 organs involved. Six of these died of complications directly related to vasculitis, including 4 patients with coronary arteritis and associated myocardial infarction. Aortitis can be a feature of severe rheumatoid arthritis and is often associated with rheumatoid vasculitis. Hemodynamic compromise does occur and may be fatal.
Transient Functional Suppression and Facilitation of Japanese Ideogram Writing Induced by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Posterior Inferior Temporal Cortex

The Japanese writing system is unique in that it is composed of two different orthographies: kanji (morphograms) and kana (syllabograms). The retrieval of the visual orthographic representations of Japanese kanji is crucial to the process of writing in Japanese. We used low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to clarify the functional relevance of the left and right posterior inferior temporal cortex (PITC) to this process in native Japanese speakers. The experimental paradigms included the mental recall of kanji, kana-to-kanji transcription, semantic judgment, oral reading, and copying of kana and kanji. The first two tasks require the visualization of the kanji image of the word. We applied 0.9 Hz rTMS (600 total pulses) over individually determined left or right PITC to suppress cortical activity and measured subsequent task performance. In the mental recall of kanji and kana-to-kanji transcription, rTMS over the left PITC prolonged reaction times (RTs), whereas rTMS over the right PITC reduced RTs. In the other tasks, which do not involve the mental visualization of kanji, rTMS over the left or right PITC had no effect on performance. These results suggest that the left PITC is crucial for the retrieval of the visual graphic representation of kanji. Furthermore, the right PITC may work to suppress the dominant left PITC in the neural network for kanji writing, which involves visual word recognition.
A method for design of impulse bursts noise filters optimized for FPGA implementations

This paper deals with the evolutionary design of area-efficient filters for impulse bursts noise which is often present in remote sensing images such as satellite images. Evolved filters require much smaller area in the FPGA than conventional filters. Simultaneously, they exhibit at least comparable filtering capabilities with respect to conventional filters. Low-cost embedded systems equipped with low-end FPGAs represent a target application for presented filters.
A adaptive map matching algorithm based on Fuzzy-Neural-Network for vehicle navigation system

Current vehicle navigation systems estimate the vehicle position from the Global Positioning System (GPS) signals and INS signals. However, because of the unknown GPS noise, the estimated position has an undesirable error. To solve this problem, a novel map matching method based on adaptive fuzzy-neural network (AFNN) is proposed in the paper, two important parameters are selected as the networks input signal, such as the projection distance from positioning point to candidate road and the comparability between positioning trajectory and candidate road. A four layers AFNN was designed based on if-then rule set, the convergent learning rule is fetched for the AFNN. Some experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has very good performance for matching the position of car to correct road under normal traffic conditions.
STUDIES OF MOUSE POLYOMA VIRUS INFECTION

Eight mouse colonies were surveyed for prevalence of antibody to mouse polyoma virus. Frequency of HI antibody varied from 0 to 84 per cent in adult mice in different colonies. Antibody was infrequent in mice less than 3 months of age, and increased in frequency with age. There was no evidence that infection was specific for particular mouse strains. The highest frequency of infection was found in colonies in which breeding mice are housed in proximity to mice inoculated with polyoma virus or passage tumors, and within an infected colony, the incidence of infection was greatest in rooms housing mice inoculated with polyoma virus. Mice from a colony free of antibody became infected when held in room or cage contact with virus-inoculated mice, but at very low rates except in mothers of inoculated litters. These results were interpreted as indicating that artificial contamination of the environment is an important factor in determining the prevalence of infection in the colonies observed. There was no correlation between polyoma infection and spontaneous leukemia in AK. mice.
Development of a hierarchical model of sport volunteers' organizational commitment

Abstract The present study was an attempt to understand sport volunteers' commitment to an organization from a developmental perspective and propose a hierarchical model of volunteer commitment based on Kohlberg's moral development model. The proposed model includes five stages of attitudinal commitment which are developmental and distinct in nature with the following hierarchical sequence: primitive commitment, continuance commitment, external commitment, normative commitment, and affective commitment. By comparing Kohlberg's moral development model with the three components of Allen and Meyer's organizational commitment, we contend that the external commitment and the primitive commitment need to be included to view sport volunteers' commitment from the developmental perspective. Along with these two new commitment concepts, the characteristics and theoretical reasoning related to each stage of sport volunteers' organizational commitment were addressed.