Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wavelength‐dependent determination of the recombination rate coefficients in single‐quantum‐well GaInN/GaN light emitting diodes

The recombination rate coefficients (RRCs) A, B, and C in MOVPE‐grown single‐quantum‐well light emitting diodes spanning the entire blue‐green spectral range are determined by fitting efficiency curves and differential carrier lifetimes. The results show definite trends for each of the RRCs: A tendentially decreases with increasing wavelength, B definitely decreases, and C remains approximately constant. Therefore, the increase of the droop with increasing wavelength (the green gap problem) is rather due to the decrease of B than an increase of C. The determined values of C are shown to be similar to what has been predicted by others with first‐principles computer simulations accounting for phonon‐assisted Auger recombination. Samples grown on sapphire and silicon substrates are compared and show significant differences only for the RRC A, presumably due to the difference in threading dislocation density.
APPLICATION OF KRIGING METHOD IN SURROGATE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS

In this paper, Kriging has been chosen as the method for surrogate construction. The basic idea behind Kriging is to use a weighted linear combination of known function values to predict a function value at a place where it is not known. Kriging attempts to determine the best combination of weights in order to minimize the error in the estimated function value. Because the actual function value is not known, the error is modeled using probability theory and then minimized. The result is a linear system of equations that can be solved to nd a unique combination of weights for a given point at which interpolation is to be performed.
Association of Initial SARS-CoV-2 Test Positivity With Patient-Reported Well-being 3 Months After a Symptomatic Illness

Key Points Question How do patient-reported physical, mental, and social well-being compare at 3 months after symptomatic illness among those who tested positive vs negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection? Findings In this cohort study of 1000 US adults with symptomatic illness, poor well-being scores at follow-up were common in both those who tested positive and negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite some improvements over time, 39.6% of COVID-19–positive and 53.5% of COVID-19–negative patients reported residual symptoms. Meaning These findings emphasize the importance of including a concurrent control group when studying sequelae of COVID-19 illness.
“Knowledge is Power”: Parent Views on the Benefits of Early Diagnosis and Awareness of Sex Chromosome Multisomy Among Pediatric Professionals

Abstract: Objective: Pediatric diagnoses of sex chromosome multisomies (SCMs) have increased as genetic testing has expanded. However, depending on SCM presentation, there may be significant delays between symptom recognition and diagnosis. We conducted a survey of parents of children diagnosed with SCMs to understand their experiences receiving an SCM diagnosis and their support needs. Methods: We conducted an inductive qualitative analysis of open-ended survey responses for iterative themes related to presenting symptoms, diagnostic odyssey, immediate and long-term support needs, and awareness of SCMs. Results: Of the 323 parents who completed the survey, 185 parents received a pediatric diagnosis (0–21 years) in a child. Many parents expressed feelings of relief when receiving the diagnosis, especially if it occurred after a lengthy diagnostic odyssey. Parents reported frustration that their child's nonmedical symptoms, including learning disabilities, speech delays, attention deficits, and behavioral issues, were not flagged as potential indications for SCMs and suggested that greater awareness of SCMs by pediatricians, educators, and other professionals involved in their child's care may lead to earlier diagnosis and intervention. Conclusion: This is the largest qualitative study to date examining parent and caregiver experiences with a pediatric diagnosis of SCMs. Increased knowledge and awareness of nonmedical SCM symptoms are needed among medical, education, occupational, and psychology professionals for early testing referral and improved support of children with SCMs.
Subsignal-based denoising from piecewise linear or constant signal

In the present work, a novel signal denoising technique for piecewise constant or linear signals is presented termed as "signal split. " The proposed method separates the sharp edges or transitions from the noise elements by splitting the signal into different parts. Unlike many noise removal techniques, the method works only in the nonorthogonal domain. The new method utilizes Stein unbiased risk estimate (SURE) to split the signal, Lipschitz exponents to identify noise elements, and a polynomial fitting approach for the sub signal reconstruction. At the final stage, merging of all parts yield in the fully denoised signal at a very low computational cost. Statistical results are quite promising and performs better than the conventional shrinkage methods in the case of different types of noise, i.e., speckle, Poisson, and white Gaussian noise. The method has been compared with the state of the art SURE-linear expansion of thresholds denoising technique as well and performs equally well. The method has been extended to the multisplitting approach to identify small edges which are difficult to identify due to the mutual influence of their adjacent strong edges.
Trends in medical students’ health over 5 years: Does a wellbeing curriculum make a difference?

Background: Trends in New Zealand (NZ) medical students’ health and the influence of a wellbeing curricula are unknown. Methods: The author’s collected self-report data from NZ medical students on ‘Graduation Day’ from 2014 to 2018, using a serial cross-sectional survey design with validated scales assessing psychological health, stigma, coping, and lifestyle. Comparisons were made with NZ general population same-age peers. Analyses examined trends, differences between ‘cohorts’ of students receiving different exposures to a wellbeing curriculum, and correlations between students’ own lifestyle practices and their frequency of talking with patients about those topics. Results: Of 1,062 students, 886 participated. The authors found statistically significant self-reported increases from 2014 to 2018 for negative psychological indices, including scores for distress and burnout, suicidal thoughts in the preceding year, and the likelihood of being diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. There was a significant increase in numbers of students reporting having their own doctor as well as increased healthy coping strategies and a significant decrease in stigma scores. Academic cohorts of students who had completed a wellbeing curriculum were more likely to report high distress levels, having been diagnosed with a mood disorder, and being non-drinkers than students without wellbeing training. When compared to NZ peers, medical students smoked less, exercised more, and were less likely to have diagnosed mood and anxiety disorders, but reported more distress. The authors found a significant correlation between the amount of exercise students undertook and their likelihood to discuss exercise with patients. Conclusions: NZ medical students have better physical health than general population peers and are more likely to discuss exercise with patients if exercising themselves. However, cohorts of graduating students report increasing distress despite the implementation of a wellbeing curriculum. Research is needed into mechanisms between students’ self-awareness, willingness to report distress, stigma, mind-set, coping, and psychological outcomes, to inform curriculum developers.
Handgrip strength in older adults and driving aptitude

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze handgrip strength as a predictor of the inability to drive in older adults. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted in traffic clinics with 421 older adults in Curitiba-Paraná from January 2015 to December 2018. A sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, handgrip strength test, and queries from the National Registry of Qualified Drivers form were applied. Results: Reduced handgrip strength was not a predictor of inaptitude for vehicular driving (p=0.649). The predictors of inaptitude were: low education (p=0.011), incomplete elementary education (p=0.027), and cognition (p=0.020). Conclusion: reduced handgrip strength was not shown to predict for loss of driving skills in older adults. Low education level and reduced cognition level are conditions that were shown to be predictors for loss of vehicular driving license.
A molecular probe carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 for early diagnosis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

In vivo imaging of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury remains an important challenge. We injected porous Ag/Au@SiO2 bimetallic hollow nanoshells carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 as a molecular probe into mice with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and observed microvascular changes in the brain using photoacoustic imaging with ultrasonography. At each measured time point, the total photoacoustic signal was significantly higher on the affected side than on the healthy side. Twelve hours after reperfusion, cerebral perfusion on the affected side increased, cerebrovascular injury worsened, and anti-tropomyosin 4 expression increased. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion and later, perfusion on the affected side declined slowly and stabilized after 1 week; brain injury was also alleviated. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the brain injury tissue changes. The nanoshell molecular probe carrying anti-tropomyosin 4 has potential for use in early diagnosis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and evaluating its progression.
Role of bone marrow examination in pyrexia of unknown origin

A stepwise approach is essential to evaluating pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO). When other investigations are negative, bone marrow examination is a valuable diagnostic tool in PUO. It is particularly helpful in patients with involvement of reticuloendothelial organs (e.g. cytopenia, splenomegaly), immunodeficiency states, or older age.
Language discordance in emergency department delirium screening: Results from a qualitative interview‐based study

Additional supporting information can be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of this article. Data S1: Supporting information. Supplementary Table S1: Discharge rates to HH, SNF, and Home without PAC in the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods per 1,000 for top 25 MS-DRGs based on a combined HH and SNF volume. Supplementary Table S2: Discharge rates to HH, SNF, and Home without PAC in the pre-COVID-19 and COVID19 periods per 1,000 for top 25 MS-DRGs, by severity. Supplementary Table S3: Odds ratios for probability of HH vs SNF and HH vs Home without PAC. Supplementary Figure S1: Marginal effects representing percentage point change from pre-Covid-19 to Covid19 in the probability of being discharged to HH (rather than SNF and, separately, rather than Home without PAC), by MS-DRG. Supplementary Figure S2: Marginal effects representing percentage point change from pre-Covid-19 to Covid19 in the probability of being discharged to HH, by patients' complexity.
Hierarchy of Mesoscale Flow Assumptions and Equations

Abstract The present research proposes a standard nomenclature for mesoscale meteorological concepts and integrates existing concepts of atmospheric space scales, flow assumptions, governing equations, and resulting motions into a hierarchy useful in categorization of mesoscale models. New dynamically based mesoscale time- and space-scale boundaries are proposed, consistent with the importance of the Coriolis force. In the proposed flow-class classification, the starting point is the complete (no approximations) set of mesoscale equations for non-Boussinesq flows. In the subsequent scale analysis. the deep and shallow Boussinesq flow divisions of Dutton and Fichtl are kept, as is the shallow-flow subdivisions of Mahrt In addition, the scale analysis approach of Mahrt is extended to deep Boussinesq motions. Limits of applicability of each derived flow-class equation set (with respect to atmospheric phenomena that can be simulated) are also discussed. The proposed hierarchy of atmospheric motions is organiz.
Effects of Similarity Measures on The Quality of Predictions

Providing accurate predictions efficiently is vital for the success of recommender systems. There are various factors that might affect the quality of the predictions and online performance. Similarity metric used to determine neighbors is one of such factors. Therefore, given a set of metrics, determining and utilizing the best one is critical for the overall success of collaborative filtering schemes. We scrutinize several binary similarity measures in terms of accuracy and performance. We conduct various real data-based experiments in order to determine the best similarity measure. Our empirical outcomes show that Yule and Kulczynski metrics provide the best results. Keywords: Accuracy, performance, binary similarity metric, prediction, collaborative filtering
A Scoping Review of Grasp and Handwriting Performance in School-Age Children

Abstract Objective Handwriting is a critical functional skill that impacts academic participation and progress. Occupational therapists address components of grasp in their handwriting intervention as it is commonly assumed that grasp affects legibility, fluency, and endurance, yet research studies examining this relationship are limited. Method We used scoping review methodology to map existing research on grasp and handwriting performance in school-age children and to identify gaps in the literature. Results Thirteen articles met search criteria and were categorized by grasp patterns and handwriting performance, and grasp force and handwriting performance. Findings suggest an inefficient grasp can lead to decreased handwriting legibility and fatigue. The current literature is inconclusive and several gaps were identified. Conclusion Additional studies should address research gaps through inclusion of children with special needs and interventions including lengthier handwriting tasks representative of a typical school day.
DisCanVis: Visualizing integrated structural and functional annotations to better understand the effect of cancer mutations located within disordered proteins

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) play important roles in a wide range of biological processes and have been associated with various diseases, including cancer. In the last few years, cancer genome projects have systematically collected genetic variations underlying multiple cancer types. In parallel, the number and different types of disordered proteins characterized by experimental methods have also significantly increased. Nevertheless, the role of IDPs in various types of cancer is still not well understood. In this work, we present DisCanVis, a novel visualization tool for cancer mutations with a special focus on IDPs. In order to aid the interpretation of observed mutations, genome level information is combined with information about the structural and functional properties of proteins. The web server enables users to inspect individual proteins, collect examples with existing annotations of protein disorder and associated function or to discover currently uncharacterized examples with likely disease relevance. Through a REST API interface and precompiled tables the analysis can be extended to a group of proteins.
The Prevalence of Heat-related Illnesses and Associated Factors among Rice Farmers in Vietnam

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of heat-related illnesses (HRI) and their associated factors among rice farmers in Central Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 379 farmers from August to September 2021 in Ha Tinh province on the north-central coast of Vietnam. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic information, farming activities, heat exposure, and health issues. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with HRI. Results: At least one HRI symptom was experienced by 83.4% of farmers, and two or more HRI symptoms were experienced by 55.1% of farmers during the last harvesting season (the summer-autumn rice season, 2021). Factors significantly associated with HRI were age, having chronic diseases, type of farming tasks, the number of hours working in the heat, and water intake. Farmers working outdoors for more than 4 hours in the heat were 2.3 times [95%CI: 1.14–4.69] more likely to experience HRI than those working fewer than 2 hours. A higher risk of HRI was also associated with heavy farming tasks (OR = 2.35, [1.34–4.14]), having hypertension (OR = 3.75, [1.90–7.81]), cardiovascular diseases (OR = 2.53, [1.03–6.93]), and other chronic conditions (OR = 2.51, [1.51–4.25]). In contrast, a lower risk of HRI was found in the older group (OR = 0.44, [0.22–0.87]) and increased water intake (OR = 0.46, [0.27–0.77]). Conclusions: Hot weather is a significant occupational health risk for farmers in Vietnam. Changing the working schedule, working in shorter intervals, and remaining well-hydrated should be considered in HRI prevention strategies.
Self-medication with antibiotics and awareness of antibiotic resistance among population in Arar city, Saudi Arabia.

INTRODUCTION Self-medication with pharmaceutical products can be defined as the use of these products without a medical prescription, and the production, distribution, and sale of these products are the client's responsibility, while they think it is within rational usage. Among these products, antibiotics remain the most serious problem leading to the spread of antibiotic resistance, with consequences of increased morbidity, mortality, and extended hospital stays. METHODOLOGY This is a cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics among Arar city population and assessing their awareness of antibiotic resistance. Data had been collected through a self-administered validated online questionnaire. Data entry and analysis were performed using a statistical package for the social science program (SPSS) version 20. RESULTS The overall number of respondents to our survey was 462, with 56.7% female and 43.3% male participants. The prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics was (77.5%). The main reasons for self-medication with antibiotics were ease of use (54.6%) and cost-saving (24.8%). When asked about what they think about self-medication with antibiotics for self-care, 20.1% of our participants thought that it is a good practice and 41.6% thought that it is an acceptable practice. 81.4 % of respondents thought that antibiotic resistance occurs when your body becomes resistant to antibiotics and no longer works well. CONCLUSIONS In the Northern region, despite the open and rapid access to medical care services, it appears that a high proportion of young adult population prefers custom antibiotics without a medical prescription.
A Practical Approach to Type-1 OWA Operation for Soft Decision Making

Type-1 OWA operator provides us with a new technique for directly aggregating linguistic variables expressing human experts’ opinions or preferences by fuzzy sets via OWA mechanism in soft decision making. However, the existing Direct Approach to performing type-1 OWA operation involves high computational overhead. In this paper, a fast approach, called �-level Approach, is suggested to implement the type-1 OWA operator. Experimental results have shown that the �-level Approach can achieve much higher computing efficiency in performing type-1 OWA operation than the Direct Approach.
Gallium-68–labeled Peptide PET Quantifies Tumor Exposure of PD-L1 Therapeutics

Abstract Purpose: Immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) is currently ineffective in a majority of patients. Tumor drug exposure measurements can provide vital insights into mechanisms involved in the resistance of solid tumors to those therapeutics; however, tools to quantify in situ drug exposure are few. We have investigated the potential of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pharmacodynamics, quantified using PET, to inform on the tumor exposure of anti–PD-L1 (aPD-L1) therapeutics. Experimental Design: To noninvasively quantify PD-L1 levels, we first developed a novel peptide-based gallium-68–labeled binder, [68Ga]Ga-DK223, and evaluated its in vivo distribution, pharmacokinetics, and PD-L1 specificity in preclinical models of triple-negative breast cancer and urothelial carcinoma with variable PD-L1 expression. We then quantified baseline and accessible PD-L1 levels in tumors as a noninvasive pharmacodynamic measure to assess tumor exposure to two aPD-L1 antibodies (avelumab and durvalumab). Results: DK223 exhibited a KD of 1.01±0.83 nmol/L for PD-L1 and inhibited the PD-1:PD-L1 interaction in a dose-dependent manner. [68Ga]Ga-DK223 provides high-contrast PET images within 60 minutes of administration and detects PD-L1 in an expression-dependent manner in xenograft models. PD-L1 pharmacodynamics measured using [68Ga]Ga-DK223-PET revealed that avelumab and durvalumab had similar exposure early during therapy, but only durvalumab exhibited sustained exposure at the tumor. Conclusions: [68Ga]Ga-DK223 detected variable PD-L1 levels and exhibited salient features required for clinical translation. [68Ga]Ga-DK223-PET could be useful for quantifying total PD-L1 levels at baseline and accessible PD-L1 levels during therapy to understand drug exposure at the tumor, thus supporting its use for guiding and optimizing ICT.
THE GROWTH OF CLOUD DROPS IN UNIFORMLY COOLED AIR

Abstract Recent studies of precipitation, aircraft icing, and visibility through fog have focussed attention on the physical constitution of clouds, a subject to which knowledge of the drop-size spectrum and its origin would be an important contribution. The drop-size spectrum resulting when air containing condensation nuclei is uniformly cooled may be computed, leading to a differential equation for the growth of a cloud drop which cannot be integrated analytically. A numerical method of integration is therefore employed. Three integrations of drop growth under simulated natural conditions are described and compared with data for natural clouds, leading to the following conclusions: The computed drop-size spectra agree with observation regarding the relatively uniform clouds most frequently observed. Convergence and mixing of fine-grained turbulence are suggested as influences broadening the distribution in the less uniform clouds. Even for the latter, the computed spectra agree with observation on the s.