Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Catch the Moment : Maintaining Closed Frequent Itemsets over a Data Stream Sliding Window

This paper considers the problem of mining closed frequent itemsets over a data stream sliding window using limited memory space. We design a synopsis data structure to monitor transactions in the sliding window so that we can output the current closed frequent itemsets at any time. Due to time and memory constraints, the synopsis data structure cannot monitor all possible itemsets. However, monitoring only frequent itemsets will make it impossible to detect new itemsets when they become frequent. In this paper, we introduce a compact data structure, the closed enumeration tree (CET), to maintain a dynamically selected set of itemsets over a sliding window. The selected itemsets contain a boundary between closed frequent itemsets and the rest of the itemsets. Concept drifts in a data stream are reflected by boundary movements in the CET. In other words, a status change of any itemset (e.g., from non-frequent to frequent) must occur through the boundary. Because the boundary is relatively stable, the cost of mining closed frequent itemsets over a sliding window is dramatically reduced to that of mining transactions that can possibly cause boundary movements in the CET. Our experiments show that our algorithm performs much better than a representative algorithm for the sate-of-the-art approaches. keywords: data streams, sliding window, closed frequent itemset, incremental learning ∗The work of these two authors was partly supported by NSF under Grant Nos. 0086116, 0085773, and 9817773. In addition, the work of the first author was partly supported by an IBM summer internship.
ARIES: a transaction recovery method supporting fine-granularity locking and partial rollbacks using write-ahead logging

DB2<supscrpt>TM</supscrpt>, IMS, and Tandem<supscrpt>TM</supscrpt> systems. ARIES is applicable not only to database management systems but also to persistent object-oriented languages, recoverable file systems and transaction-based operating systems. ARIES has been implemented, to varying degrees, in IBM's OS/2<supscrpt>TM</supscrpt> Extended Edition Database Manager, DB2, Workstation Data Save Facility/VM, Starburst and QuickSilver, and in the University of Wisconsin's EXODUS and Gamma database machine.
A Flow Procedure for the Linearization of Genome Sequence Graphs

Efforts to incorporate human genetic variation into the reference human genome have converged on the idea of a graph representation of genetic variation within a species, a genome sequence graph. A sequence graph represents a set of individual haploid reference genomes as paths in a single graph. When that set of reference genomes is sufficiently diverse, the sequence graph implicitly contains all frequent human genetic variations, including translocations, inversions, deletions, and insertions. In representing a set of genomes as a sequence graph one encounters certain challenges. One of the most important is the problem of graph linearization, essential both for efficiency of storage and access, as well as for natural graph visualization and compatibility with other tools. The goal of graph linearization is to order nodes of the graph in such a way that operations such as access, traversal and visualization are as efficient and effective as possible. A new algorithm for the linearization of sequence graphs, called the flow procedure, is proposed in this paper. Comparative experimental evaluation of the flow procedure against other algorithms shows that it outperforms its rivals in the metrics most relevant to sequence graphs.
A Hybrid Response Generation Model for an Empathetic Conversational Agent

Research on the use of conversational agents or chatbots to provide alternative and accessible mental health interventions has gained much interest in recent years. Designed to engage human users through natural and empathetic conversations, these chatbots have shown their potential applications in pre-emptive healthcare that emphasizes the importance of helping individuals maintain their optimal mental health and well-being. However, the use of rule-based or retrieval-based models limit the chatbots' abilities in processing user input and generating relevant and empathetic responses to dynamically adapt to the context of a conversation. Neural-based generative models, currently applied in open-domain dialogue and text generation systems, may be able to address the limitations of retrieval-based models. In this paper, we present VHope (Virtual Hope), a conversational agent that combines retrieval-based and generative models to perform its role as a therapist capable of generating empathetic responses to enrich the conversation. The best performing generative model, derived from training DialoGPT with the EmpatheticDialogues dataset and a local mental well-being dataset, yielded a perplexity score of 9.977. Results from experts' evaluation of the conversation logs showed that the responses generated by VHope were 67% relevant, 78% human-like, and 79% empathic. These results further support the idea of modelling complex conversations with ease by using a neural model and a task-specific dataset. Future improvements may include the use of larger, human-based empathetic dataset for enhanced retrieval model's conversation design and generative model's fine-tuning.
Analyzing RFID Data For The Management Of Reusable Packaging

A common issue that most automotive manufacturers have to face in production logistics is the efficient handling of a considerable number of cost-intensive pallets, trays, boxes and similar reusable packaging goods. As empirical studies show, deficiencies in monitoring, controlling and optimizing packaging material are widespread within this industry. In this contribution a case study is used to investigate the potential of supporting these managerial tasks with a combined use of RFID infrastructures and Business Intelligence (BI) infrastructures. This includes a derivation of relevant RFID reader locations, the identification of further relevant data sources as well as crafting concrete analysis and reporting scenarios based on the paradigm of multidimensional data modeling. The results are used to design a concept for a BI and RFID based system architecture. They highlight the need to include data management systems that bring data integration capabilities and that are capable of tracking historical data – as a possible component of a wider BI infrastructure for manufacturing and logistics.
Online Speaker Diarization with Graph-based Label Generation

This paper introduces an online speaker diarization system that can handle long-time audio with low latency. First, a new variant of ag-glomerative hierarchy clustering is built to cluster the speakers in an online fashion. Then, a speaker embedding graph is proposed. We use this graph to exploit a graph-based reclustering method to further improve the performance. Finally, a label matching algorithm is introduced to generate consistent speaker labels, and we evaluate our system on both DIHARD3 and VoxConverse datasets, which contain long audios with various kinds of scenarios. The experimental results show that our online diarization system outperforms the baseline ofﬂine system and has comparable performance to our ofﬂine system.
Magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the continental Paleocene in the Calgary area, southwestern Alberta

ABSTRACT A chronology for Paleocene strata of the Calgary region is developed from the integration of magnetostratigraphy with palynological and mammal zones. Structural reference to the underlying Battle Formation adds stratigraphic control. These strata range in age from magnetochron 29r to the lower half of 26r and palynomorph zones Wodehouseia fimbriata through Aquilapollenites spinulosus. Four mammal sites have been placed in the magnetostratigraphic framework. The youngest is a Tiffanian (Ti1) site in 26r. Sites judged to be Torrejonian occur in 27n, 28r and 29n. The presence of thin coals indicates correlation of lower Paleocene outcrops south and southeast of Calgary to the upper Scollard Formation. Younger strata in Calgary City have characteristics of a seasonally dry facies association most comparable to that of the Porcupine Hills Formation of southwestern Alberta. To the west and north of Calgary, the occurrence of thin coals in strata of late Paleocene age justifies assigning these rocks to the Paskapoo Formation. However, the placement of all formational boundaries is somewhat arbitrary in this transitional region between the nomenclatural systems of southwestern versus central Alberta. The type Porcupine Hills Formation is shown to be correlative to the upper part of the upper Scollard Formation and the lower part of the Paskapoo Formation. RESUME Une chronologie des strates du Paleocene de la region de Calgary est developpee a partir de l'integration de la magnetostratigraphie avec la palynologie et les zones de mammiferes. Une reference structurale a la Formation de Battle sous-jacente ajoute un controle stratigraphique. Ces strates varient en age du magnetochrone 29r jusqu'a la demie inferieure du 26r et de la zone de palynomorphe a Wodehouseia fimbriata jusqu'a celle a Aquilapollenites spinulosus. Quatre sites a mammiferes ont ete integres dans le cadre magnetostratigraphique. Le plus jeune est un site du Tiffanien (Ti1) du 26r. Les sites juges etre du Torrejonien se presentent dans 27n, 28r et 29n. La presence de minces charbons indique une correlation avec les affleurements du Paleocene inferieur du sud et du sud-est de la ville de Calgary a la partie superieure de la Formation de Scollard. Les strates plus jeunes de la ville de Calgary ont les caracteristiques d'une association a un facies saisonnier aride tres comparable a celui de la Formation de Porcupine Hills du sud-ouest de l'Alberta. A l'ouest et au nord de Calgary, la presence de mince charbons dans les strates d'un age Paleocene tardif justifie que l'on assigne ces roches a la Formation de Paskapoo. Toutefois, l'assignation de toutes les limites formationnelles est quelque peu arbitraire dans toute cette region de transition entre les systemes de nomenclature du sud-ouest versus le centre de l'Alberta. La Formation de Porcupine Hills type est montree comme correlative avec la partie superieure de la Formation de Scollard et la partie inferieure de la Formation de Paskapoo. Traduit par Lynn Gagnon
Isolation with Flexibility: A Resource Management Framework for Central Servers

Proportional-share resource management is becoming increasingly important in today's computing environments. In particular, the growing use of the computational resources of central service providers argues for a proportional-share approach that allows resource principals to obtain allocations that reflect their relative importance. In such environments, resource principals must be isolated from one another to prevent the activities of one principal from impinging on the resource rights of others. However, such isolation limits the flexibility with which resource allocations can be modified to reflect the actual needs of applications. We present extensions to the lottery-scheduling resource management framework that increase its flexibility while preserving its ability to provide secure isolation. To demonstrate how this extended framework safely overcomes the limits imposed by existing proportional-share schemes, we have implemented a prototype system that uses the framework to manage CPU time, physical memory, and disk bandwidth. We present the results of experiments that evaluate the prototype, and we show that our framework has the potential to enable server applications to achieve significant gains in performance.
What perturbs isotherms? An assessment using fission-track thermochronology and thermal modelling along the Gotthard transect, Central Alps

Abstract Interpretation of low-temperature thermochronological data usually relies on assumptions on the shape of isotherms. Recently, a number of thermal modelling approaches investigate and predict the theoretical influence of topography on isotherms. The application and proof of these predictions is not well confirmed by measured data. Here we present apatite fission-track (AFT) data from samples collected along the Gotthard road tunnel and its corresponding surface line to test these predictions. AFT ages broadly cluster around 6 Ma along the tunnel. No correlation of tunnel ages with superimposed topography is seen, which means that topography-induced perturbation of isotherms under given boundary conditions (topographic wavelength 12 km; relief 1.5 km; exhumation rate 0.45 km Ma−1) can be neglected for the interpretation of AFT ages. Thus, in areas characterized by similar topographies and exhumation rates, apparent exhumation rates deduced from the age–elevation relationship (AER) of AFT data need no correction for topography-induced perturbation of isotherms. Three-dimensional (3D) numerical thermal modelling was carried out incorporating thermally relevant parameters and mechanisms, such as topography, geology, thermal conductivities and heat production. Modelling reveals a strong influence on the shape of isotherms caused by spatially variable thermal parameters, especially heat production rates. Therefore, not only topography has to be considered for interpreting low-temperature thermochronological data, but also other parameters like heat production rates. Supplementary material: 1. Electron microprobe analyses, 2. Topography and model extend, 3. Model parameters are all available online at http://www.geolsoc. org.uk/SUP18380.
Forest structure, species traits and rain characteristics influences on horizontal and vertical rainfall partitioning in a semiarid pine–oak forest from Central Mexico

Changes in species composition and abundance driven by land use change may alter canopy and litter characteristics of forests, and thereby modify rainfall redistribution and hydrological processes. To elucidate the interacting effects between tree species traits, forest structure and annual rainfall patterns on hydrological processes, three types of forest assemblages were selected in a semiarid forest of pine–oak in central northwest Mexico. Forest assemblages included monospecific and mixed patches of Quercus potosina and Pinus cembroides. Total precipitation, throughfall, stemflow and runoff were measured from June 2006 to July 2009. Additionally, tree and litter characteristics were measured. Forest traits played an important role differentiating volumes of each fraction among the three forest patches. Throughfall was 15% greater in Q. potosina than in the other forest patches (P < 0.01) and only occurred with rainfall events larger than 1.4 mm for all patch types, whereas Q. potosina stemflow was >20% larger compared with the other two forest patch types (P < 0.01) and occurred following rain events of at least 4.6 mm. Runoff exhibited divergences among forest patches (P > 0.05) that were related to both the litter decomposition stage and the capacity of litter bed to store water. Thus, Q. potosina litter layer exhibited the largest water holding capacity (62%) and P. cembroides (46%) the least. Hence, surface runoff for Q. potosina was seven times lower than that in P. cembroides patches. This study revealed tree trait effects on water fluxes that might have consequences on the dynamics and productivity of semiarid forests. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The beam filling error in the Nimbus 5 electronically scanning microwave radiometer observations of Global Atlantic Tropical Experiment rainfall

A comparison of rain rates retrieved from the Nimbus 5 electronically scanning microwave radiometer (ESMR 5) brightness temperatures and observed from shipboard radars during the Global Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) phase I shows that the beam filling error is the major source of discrepancy between the two. When averaged over a large scene (the GATE radar array, 400 km in diameter), the beam filling error is quite stable, being 50% of the observed rain rate. This suggests the simple procedure of multiplying retrieved rain rates by 2 (correction factor). A statistical model of the beam filling error is developed by envisioning an idealized instrument field-of-view that encompasses an entire gamma distribution of rain rates. A modeled correction factor near 2 is found for rain rate and temperature characteristics consistent with GATE conditions. The statistical model also suggests that (1) the correction factor varies from 1.5 to 2.5 for suppressed to enhanced tropical convective regimes and (2) decreases to 1.5 as the freezing level and average depth of the rain column decreases to 2.5 km.
Accuracy in dead-reckoning based distributed multi-player games

Distributed multi-player games use dead reckoning vectors to intimate other (at a distance) participating players about the movement of any entity by a controlling player. The dead reckoning vector contains the current position of the entity and the velocity components. When a participating player receives a vector, traditionally it puts the entity at the current position specified by the vector and starts projecting the path of the entity from that point using the local clock of the receiver. In this paper we show that this traditional method of usage of dead reckoning vector brings in inaccuracy in the receivers' rendering of the entity. This inaccuracy can be substantial even with low network delay between the sender-receiver pairs and increases with network delay. We propose the use of globally synchronized clocks among the participating players and a time-stamp augmented dead reckoning vector that enables the receiver to render the entity accurately. We modified the popular game BZFlag with this technique, and compared the accuracy seen in game playing using the traditional method and the proposed technique. We conducted several types of experiments varying the frequency of generation of dead reckoning vectors and the delay between the sender and the receivers. The experiments show significant quantitative improvement in accuracy even for 100ms delay between the sender-receiver pairs and appreciable qualitative improvement in game playing experience.
Hierarchical Matrix Approximation for Kernel-Based Scattered Data Interpolation

Scattered data interpolation by radial kernel functions leads to linear equation systems with large, fully populated, ill-conditioned interpolation matrices. A successful iterative solution of such a system requires an efficient matrix-vector multiplication as well as an efficient preconditioner. While multipole approaches provide a fast matrix-vector multiplication, they avoid the explicit setup of the system matrix which hinders the construction of preconditioners, such as approximate inverses or factorizations which typically require the explicit system matrix for their construction. In this paper, we propose an approach that allows both an efficient matrix-vector multiplication as well as an explicit matrix representation which can then be used to construct a preconditioner. In particular, the interpolation matrix will be represented in hierarchical matrix format, and several approaches for the blockwise low-rank approximation are proposed and compared, of both analytical nature (separable expansions).
Long-range Dependency based Multi-Layer Perceptron for Heterogeneous Information Networks

Existing heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) have achieved great success in utilizing the rich semantic information in heterogeneous information networks (HINs). However, few works have delved into the utilization of long-range dependencies in HINs, which is extremely valuable as many real-world HINs are sparse, and each node has only a few directly connected neighbors. Although some HGNNs can utilize distant neighbors by stacking multiple layers or leveraging long meta-paths, the exponentially increased number of nodes in the receptive ﬁeld or the number of meta-paths incurs high computation and memory costs. To address these issues, we investigate the importance of different meta-paths and propose Long-range Dependency based Multi-Layer Perceptron (LDMLP). Speciﬁcally, to solve the high-cost problem of leveraging long-range dependencies, LDMLP adopts a search stage to discover effective meta-paths automatically, reducing the exponentially increased number of meta-paths to a constant. To avoid the inﬂuence of speciﬁc modules on search results, LDMLP utilizes a simple architecture with only multi-layer perceptions in the search stage, improving the generalization of searched meta-paths. As a result, the searched meta-paths not only perform well in LDMLP but also enable other HGNNs like HAN and SeHGNN to perform better. Extensive experiments on eight heterogeneous datasets demonstrate that LDMLP achieves state-of-the-art performance while enjoying high efﬁciency and generalization, especially on sparse HINs. Our code is available at https://github.com/JHL-HUST/LDMLP .
Criteria and methodology for evaluating aerial wildfire suppression

Aircraft are often used to drop suppressants and retardants to assist wildfire containment. Drop effectiveness has rarely been measured due to the difficulties in collecting data from wildfires and running field experiments and the absence of definitions and measures. This paper presents a set of criteria and methodologies for evaluating the effectiveness of aerial suppression drops. These consider drop placement, coverage and effect on fire behaviour. This paper also details drop site and delivery conditions that are required for determining causal factors that influence drop effectiveness and allow drops to be compared. Examples of drop impact evaluations made during experimental fires are used to demonstrate these methodologies. The main methods proposed are based on the analysis of orthorectified airborne infrared imagery of drops, which can be used to measure drop dimensions, proximity to fire perimeter and their effect on fire spread. These evaluations can be used to compare tactics, suppressants and delivery systems and to inform cost-benefit analyses of aerial suppression.
A physical model study of microcrack-induced anisotropy

A laboratory study of the effects of oriented pennyshaped inclusions embedded in a solid matrix on the propagation of seismic shear waves shows good agreement with theoretical predictions for some polarizations and poor agreement for polarizations at large crack densities. The models are constructed of solid matrix of epoxy resin with inclusions of thin rubber discs of approximately equal cross-sectional areas. The theoretical basis for these experiments is the theory of Hudson, in which the wavelength is greater than the dimensions of the individual cracks and their separation distance, and the cracks are in dilute concentration. By a pulse transmission method, seismograms were gathered in models free of inclusions and models with inclusions. Seismic measurements of velocity anisotropy, for variations in both a polarization and propagation direction, were performed on physical models with inclusions (cracks) representing five different crack densities (1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 percent). Variations in velocity .