Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The difference in performance between computer and paper administered tests in a stressful environment

With advancements in technology, many tests such as graduate school entrance examinations are being administered online,while some remain as a paper based examination. Many studies have aimed to determine whether the difference between the formats of the test administered have an effect on students' performance. Many researchers have explored different variables that may affect this performance difference, but not many have studied the effects stress also has on performance. The aim of this study is to determine whether stress plays a significant role in performance on computer and paper administered tests. To do so, a paper and online version of the Graduate Record Examinations' (GRE) verbal reasoning section were administered to each participant while simultaneously being asked to squeeze a dynamometer every 30 seconds for ten minutes. A galvanic skin response receptor, a pulse oximeter, and a dynamometer were used to observe the possibility of increased stress levels. While the stress induced environment may not have been as stressful as expected, the data gathered suggests that there is no difference in performance between computer and paper tests. Future tests should aim to create a more stressful environment.
A 2.7V 350/spl mu/W 11-b algorithmic analogue-to-digital converter with single-ended multiplexed inputs

A low-power low-area CMOS algorithmic A/D converter that does not require trimming nor digital calibration is presented. The topology is based on a classical cyclic A/D conversion using a capacitor ratio-independent computation circuitry. All the nonidealities have been carefully analyzed and reduced by proper choices of design and layout solutions. As a result the errors coming from opamp offset and finite open-loop dc gain, switch charge injection and clock feedthrough, parasitic capacitors, and intrinsic noise sources are reduced under the LSB level. To process a multiplexed (8 channels) single-ended analogue input, an efficient single-ended to fully differential circuit has been presented. The converter achieves 11 bit accuracy in the Nyquist band at a sampling rate of 8kSps. The total power dissipation is only 350/spl mu/W at 2.7V supply voltage. The active area is 0.3 mm/sup 2/ in a 0.35 /spl mu/m 5 metal levels CMOS technology with double-poly linear capacitors.
Laser therapy of rheumatoid arthritis

Thirty people with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis received laser exposure to a Q‐switch neodymium laser that operated at 1.06 μm with an output of 1 5 joules/cm2 for 30 nsec. One hand was lased at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and metacarpal phalangeal (MCP) joints, whereas the other hand was sham lased. The patient, physician, and occupational therapy evaluators did not know which hand was being lased. Twenty‐one patients noted improvement of both their MCP and PIP joints of both hands during laser therapy. Twenty‐seven noted improvement of their PIP joints and 26 noted improvement of the MCP joints during therapy. Heat, erythema, pain, swelling, and tenderness all improved with time in both hands, but the lased hand had more significant improvement in erythema and pain. There was also significant improvement in grasp and tip pressure on the lased side. The level of circulating immune complexes as measured by platelet aggregation decreased during lasing. The improvement may be related to laser exposure. The exact role that laser radiation has upon rheumatoid arthritis and its mechanism of action remain to be elucidated.
The Ordered Residual Kernel for Robust Motion Subspace Clustering

We present a novel and highly effective approach for multi-body motion segmentation. Drawing inspiration from robust statistical model fitting, we estimate putative subspace hypotheses from the data. However, instead of ranking them we encapsulate the hypotheses in a novel Mercer kernel which elicits the potential of two point trajectories to have emerged from the same subspace. The kernel permits the application of well-established statistical learning methods for effective outlier rejection, automatic recovery of the number of motions and accurate segmentation of the point trajectories. The method operates well under severe outliers arising from spurious trajectories or mistracks. Detailed experiments on a recent benchmark dataset (Hopkins 155) show that our method is superior to other state-of-the-art approaches in terms of recovering the number of motions, segmentation accuracy, robustness against gross outliers and computational efficiency.
Energy Consumption Estimation in Embedded Systems

This paper presents an energy consumption modeling technique for embedded systems based on a microcontroller. The software tasks that run on the embedded system are profiled, and their characteristics are analyzed. The type of executed assembly instructions, as well as the number of accesses to the memory and the analog-to-digital converter, is the required information for the derivation of the proposed model. An appropriate instrumentation setup has been developed for measuring and modeling the energy consumption in the corresponding digital circuits.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN SEKS METODE SIMULASI DAN DISKUSI KELOMPOK TERHADAP SIKAPREMAJA PADA UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU SEKS MENYIMPANG

Sex education is a process to express message that one of the purpose is to create adolescense positive attitude avoiding incorrect sex behavior. The method used to create adolescensepositive attitude in order to avoid the incorrect sex behavior are group discussion method, demonstration, playing role or simulation method. The purpose of this study was to find out the differences between the influence of giving sex education with simulation method and group discussion of adolescense attitude changes to avoid incorrect sex behavior, and to find out a method that give the biggest score of attitude changes amongthem. The design of this study was quasi experimental pretest posttest design. While the way to collect samples using multi stage random sampling technique with the number of 90 samples divided into 30 groups of control, 30 groups using simulation method of treatment and 30 groups using discussion group method of treatment. The result from showed that there was difference between score of pretest attitude and score of posttest attitude in the group of simulation treatment (t-test p = 0.644) and the discussion group of treatment (t-test p = 0.000), but there was no difference between score of pretest attitude and score of posttest in control group (t-test p = 0.000) α = 0.05. Another finding that there was difference attitude among control group, group of simulation treatment, and group of discussion treatment (anova p = 0.000) α = 0.05.
Critical role of the Isoform‐Specific Region in Na,K‐ATPase trafficking and Protein Kinase C‐dependent regulation

The Isoform Specific Region (ISR) is a region of structural heterogeneity among the 4 isoforms of the Na,K‐ATPase α‐subunit. The ISR participates in PKC regulation of Na,K‐ATPase, a process that involves membrane recycling via clathrin‐coated vesicles. A potential dileucine recognition motif [DE]XXXL[LI] for clathrin adaptors is present in α1 ISR but not in α2. To determine whether a disruption of this motif could explain the change in PKC regulation observed upon ISR exchange, mutants of the rat α1 isoform that replaced the first leucine (L499V) or the glutamate (E495S) of the potential motif were expressed heterologously in opossum kidney cells. In the absence of PKC stimulation, total expression and Na,K‐ATPase mediated 86Rb+uptake were comparable in the mutants‐ and α1‐expressing cells. However, biotinylation experiments revealed an increase of about 80% in the surface expression upon disruption of the motif, as well as a significant reduction of the basal rate of removal from the cell surface. Upon PKC stimulation, activation of Na,K‐ATPase mediated 86Rb+ uptake was doubled in mutant‐expressing cells, comparable to the chimera containing the intact α2 ISR. This suggests that the ISR plays a critical role in the Na,K‐ATPase isoform‐specific response to PKC activation and in basal Na,K‐ATPase expression at the cell surface.
Doppler ultrasound and clinical findings in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis

The aim of this study was to assess cerebral hemodynamics in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing thrombolytic therapy and to assess the relationship between cerebral hemodynamics and outcome. Forty‐one unselected patients admitted to hospital within 3 h received intravenous thrombolytic therapy and were examined by extracranial and transcranial Doppler ultrasound examinations. Their strokes were clinically graded with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Outcome after 3 months was graded with the modified Rankin Scale. Amongst the 27 patients who had an additional ultrasound examination 24 h after treatment, favorable outcome was significantly more common amongst patients with recanalization than amongst those without (P < 0.004). Thirteen patients with middle cerebral artery occlusions were continuously monitored during thrombolysis and frequently up to 5 h after start of thrombolysis. Early recanalization occurred in nine (69%), at a median delay of 178 min (range 140–287) after stroke onset. All of these nine patients had a favorable outcome. Recanalization within 24 h was associated with favorable outcome. Subgroup analysis suggests that this effect is mostly related to early recanalization within the first 5 h after stroke. Transcranial Doppler may therefore help to identify those patients most probably to benefit from thrombolysis, especially in those patients with a higher potential risk of complications.
CYP1A1, GST gene polymorphisms and risk of chronic myeloid leukemia.

PRINCIPLES Associations between polymorphisms for genes encoding enzymes involved in biotransformation of xenobiotics and susceptibility to several cancers have been shown in several studies. The aim of the present study is to investigate the influence of cytochromes P450 (CYP450) 1A1*2C and Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) (T1 and M1) gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). METHODS The frequency of CYP1A1 Ile/Val alleles and of GSTT1 and GSTM1 homozygous deletions was examined in 107 patients with CML and 132 healthy controls by PCR and/or PCRRFLP methods using blood samples. RESULTS The frequency of CYP1A1 Val allele was found to be 19.2% in CML patients and 4.4% for controls, indicating that persons carrying this allele had an increased risk of CML (OR = 5.10, 95% CI: 2.60-9.97). The frequency of individuals carrying the GSTT1 null genotype was higher among CML patients (40.2%) compared to controls (19.2%) (OR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.58-5.05; p <0.001). Therefore, GSTT1 present genotype may be a protective factor for CML. Although GSTM1 null genotype frequency was slightly higher in the patient group (44.9%) than in the controls (42.3%), this difference was not statistically significant (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.66-1.86; p = 0.693). Individuals with GSTM1 null genotypes without the T allele have a 5.981 higher risk for CML than those who have the T allele. CONCLUSIONS This data suggests that polymorphic CYP1A1 and GSTT1 genes appear to affect susceptibility to CML.
Female sexual function and dysfunction in the reproductive years: the influence of endogenous and exogenous sex hormones.

INTRODUCTION Sexual function in women in the reproductive age years is under psychological, sociocultural, and relationship influences, as well as the influence of sex hormones. AIM To examine the data relating to sexual function in women in the reproductive age group, particularly the influence of sex hormones. To examine, in particular, the influence of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, the oral contraceptive pill and endogenous and exogenous testosterone. METHODS Review of the literature on female sexual function, confining the search to the reproductive age range. RESULTS Population studies of sexual function identify sexual disinterest as being the most common sexual complaint in premenopausal women. Most studies of menstrual cyclicity identify a periovulatory increase in sexual desire or activity. All prospective studies of sexuality in pregnancy document a decline in sexual function with progression of pregnancy. Studies of the influence of the oral contraceptive pill on sexual function are contradictory with most prospective controlled studies showing no deleterious effect. Studies of the influence of endogenous androgens on sexuality are also contradictory with one large cross-sectional study showing no correlation, but some case-controlled studies show low androgens in women with sexual dysfunction. Studies of testosterone therapy in premenopausal women are ambiguous, with no clear dose-response effect. CONCLUSIONS Sexual disinterest is prevalent in premenopausal woman despite being hormone replete. The assessment of androgen contribution is hampered by the unreliability of the testosterone assay in the female range. Large cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have not identified a correlation between testosterone and sexual function in women. Sexual dysfunction in the premenopausal age range is common. Sex hormones have a modifying effect on sexual function but social influences and learned responses are as important. The role of testosterone requires further study.
Resources For Evidence-Based Health Care: Accessibility And Availability

Evidence – Based Practice (EBP) is a problem solving approach to clinical care that incorporates the conscientious use of current best evidence from well-designed studies, clinician’s expertise, and patient values and preferences (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2005; Sackett, Straus, Richardson, Rosenberg, &Haynes, 2000). It is important to see clinical expertise as the ability to integrate research evidence and patients' circumstances and preferences to help patients arrive at optimal decisions (Guyatt, Cook,& Haynes, 2004). Research has shown that patient outcomes are 28% better when clinical care is based upon evidence, versus clinical practice steeped in tradition (Heater, Becker, & Olsen, 1998). The process of EBP minimizes the translation time needed for incorporating research findings into practice and clarifies the differences between ritualistic practice, habitual approaches, personal preferences, anecdotal experiences, empirical data, and statistical significance to support nursing practice (Alspach, 2006). The availability of evidence based practice tools and methods helps in faster identification of the best available evidence to provide care at the point it matters most. Implementing EBP in health care is complex and challenging. One of the main components of EBP is retrieving evidence from different sources. Information explosion with thousands of health literature and research papers published every year has created a need to expand the knowledge base for providing evidence based health care worldwide. Retrieval of evidence from various sources may be difficult due to several reasons. It may be difficult for health professionals to find the best available evidence due to time constraints (Ervin, 2002) or lack of knowledge among health professionals to effectively search for evidence (Sitzia, 2002). It is even difficult to find authentic sources of evidence.
Vocal Health in Teacher Training Programs

In the fall semester of their senior year, students at Luther College take their final methods courses. In addition to band, choral and orchestral methods, general music methods is offered at this time. This course, which runs for fourteen weeks, includes a practicum in a local elementary classroom. While the course must cover numerous important topics-including Orff, KodaJy, lesson planning, curricular design, review of resources-instruction on how to care for one's voice when immersed in teaching is a vital component of teacher education; therefore, it is included in the curriculum. In a weeklong unit, the Luther students are asked to read, write, reflect and teach about vocal health. It is my hope that this intense focus on the material will engage students in the topic and ultimately influence change in their behaviours. If students learn how to care for their voices before they enter their own classrooms, they will be learning to teach in a way that promotes conservative voice use and healthy vocal behaviours. Attention to their general health practices, including diet, hydration and sleep patterns, as related to their vocal health also promotes a healthy lifestyle. As they develop their teaching skills, they learn how to live and teach in a way that will "save their voices. "
Impact of Error Models on OS Robustness Evaluations

Operating Systems (OSs) are mediators between application specific software (SW) and general purpose hardware (HW). For the operational delivery of OS services, device drivers (DDs) have increasingly been identified as a prominent cause of OS failures [1, 2]. Multiple research efforts, including ours, have targeted the robustness evaluation of commercial OSs’s DD interfaces, for which robustness evidence is usually difficult to obtain due to the limited amount of available information about the OS’s internal structure or its development process. A widely used approach for robustness evaluation is the application of experimental software implemented fault injection (SWIFI) techniques to expose the DD interface to operational conditions which explicitly violate its specification. A key factor determining the effectiveness of SWIFI is the selection of the most relevant error model. Error models describe how the OS’s DD interface specification is violated by defining three fundamental properties. The error type describes how a modeled perturbation manifests itself in the OS’s operational environment, i. e. as a fault1 in a DD or an error at the OS/DD interface. The error location specifies where in the OS’s operational environment a perturbation manifests itself. The error timing refers to injection triggers and latencies. Goals: The goal of our research is to investigate how the choice of an error model can influence the outcome of robustness evaluations. The results of such an investigation are useful in several ways. If, for instance, one error model can be shown to detect more vulnerabilities with less effort, it is advisable to choose this model over less efficient models for systematic vulnerability detection. If, on the other hand, the evaluations of two distinct models are highly similar, the less costly model (in terms of implementation, setup, and run time effort) can be justifiably substituted for the more expensive one. Furthermore, a comparative evaluation of error models provides guidance on error model selection
Pedophilia and Sexual Offending Against Children: Theory, Assessment, and Intervention

Contrary to popular belief, not all sex offenders who target children are pedophiles, and not all pedophiles commit sexual offenses. But what is unequivocal is that pedophilia, which is defined as a persistent sexual interest in prepubescent children, is an emotionally charged and controversial topic. Parents are understandably worried about the safety and well-being of their children and want to protect them from being sexually exploited. Mental health and criminal justice professionals want to learn more about the assessment methods and intervention techniques that are available to develop and implement effective policies and practices.In this book, author Michael C. Seto addresses key concerns and questions in dealing with these clinical populations: How can pedophilia be detected? What causes pedophilia and sexual offending against children, and what is the relationship between the two? How do we assess risk to sexually offend? Finally, what do we know about intervention and prevention to reduce the occurrence of sexual offenses against children? In addition to a comprehensive synthesis of theory and research, the author demonstrates how this knowledge informs current treatment practices with the inclusion of illustrative case examples, sample interview questions, assessment tools, and online resources.
FEMTO: Fast error analysis in Multipliers through Topological Traversal

Approximate computing has emerged as a circuit design technique that can reduce system power without significantly sacrificing the output quality in error-resilient applications. However, there are few approaches for systematically and efficiently determining the error introduced by approximate hardware units. This paper focuses on the development of error analysis techniques for approximate multipliers, which are a key hardware component used in error-resilient applications, and presents a novel algorithm that efficiently determines the probability distribution of the error introduced by the approximation. The accuracy of the technique is demonstrated to be comparable to Monte Carlo simulations, while being significantly less computationally intensive.
The morphogenetic effects of the hooded gene in barley. I. The course of development in hooded and awned genotypes.

the epidermal surface facing upwards, including cell walls and mitotic figures. The best photographs were those obtained immediately following the staining, since after a few hours the stain tended to diffuse. In preparation for sectioning, apical meristems were fixed in either Carnoy’s or Navashin’s fixative. They were then dehydrated, using the tertiary butyl alcohol series, embedded in par- aftin, and sectioned longitudinally at a thickness of
Common and Individual Features Analysis: Beyond Canonical Correlation Analysis

Very often data we encounter in practice is a collection of matrices rather than a single matrix. These multi-block data are naturally linked and hence often share some common features and at the same time they have their own individual features, due to the background in which they are measured and collected. In this study we proposed a new scheme of common and individual feature analysis (CIFA) that processes multi-block data in a linked way aiming at discovering and separating their common and individual features. According to whether the number of common features is given or not, two efficient algorithms were proposed to extract the common basis which is shared by all data. Then feature extraction is performed on the common and the individual spaces separately by incorporating the techniques such as dimensionality reduction and blind source separation. We also discussed how the proposed CIFA can significantly improve the performance of classification and clustering tasks by exploiting common and individual features of samples respectively. Our experimental results show some encouraging features of the proposed methods in comparison to the state-of-the-art methods on synthetic and real data.
Immersed surfaces and Dehn surgery

Let $F$ be a proper essential immersed surface in a hyperbolic 3-manifold $M$ with boundary disjoint from a torus boundary component $T$ of $M$. Let $\alpha$ be the set of coannular slopes of $F$ on $T$. The main theorem of the paper shows that there is a constant $K$ and a finite set of slopes $\Lambda$ on $T$, such that if $\beta$ is a slope on $T$ with $\Delta(\beta, \alpha_i) > K$ for all $\alpha_i$ in $\alpha$, and $\beta$ is not in $\Lambda$, then $F$ remains incompressible after Dehn filling on $T$ along the slope $\beta$. In certain sense, this means that $F$ survives most Dehn fillings. The proof uses minimal surface theory, integral of differential forms, and properties of geometrically finite groups. As a consequence of our method, it will also be shown that Freedman tubings of immersed geometrically finite surfaces are essential if the tubes are long enough.