Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A review update on Dillenia indica, its morphology, phytochemistry and pharmacological activity with reference to its anticancer activity

The use of medicinal plants is always useful to the mankind from prehistoric times. Plants are considered to be the backbone of life on Earth and vital resource for humans as well as animals. Now a day’s assurance of the safety, quality, and efficacy of the authenticated medicinal plants and herbal products that are used by the people has become a key issue in industrialized and developing countries. Plants produce several chemical compounds that have biological functions. Therapeutic properties of medicinal plants are conditioned by the presence of active substances such as glycosides, vitamins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and coumarin compounds which are biologically active with the causative agents of the diseases in our body.
A reliable object-oriented data repository for a distributed computer system

The repository described in this paper is a component of a distributed data storage system for a network of many autonomous machines that might run diverse applications. The repository is a server machine that provides very large, very reliable long-term storage for both private and shared data objects. The repository can handle both very small and very large data objects, and it supports atomic update of groups of objects that might be distributed over several repositories. Each object is represented as a history of its states; in the actual implementation, an object is a list of immutable versions. The core of the repository is stable append-only storage called Version Storage (VS). VS contains the histories of all data objects in the repository as well as all information needed for crash recovery. To maintain the current versions of objects online, a copying scheme was adopted that resembles techniques of real-time garbage collection. VS can be implemented with optical disks.
Adiponectin and LeptinMetabolic Biomarkers in Chinese Children and Adolescents

1 Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China 2 Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China 3 Centre de Recherche Institut, Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Quebec, Université Laval, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4G5 4 Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Gamma loop dysfunction in the quadriceps femoris of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction remains bilaterally

Purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair on the γ loop of the bilateral quadriceps femoris (QF). Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of knee extension and integrated electromyogram (I‐EMG) of vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), and rectus femoris (RF) were examined in uninjured and injured limbs of 18 patients and 10 normal subjects, before and after 20‐min vibration applied to the QF. Mean percentage changes were calculated as: (pre‐vibration value−post‐vibration value)/pre‐vibration value × 100. Patients were divided into two groups: short‐term‐group (tested ≤12 months after ACL repair, n=8), long‐term‐group (tested ≥18 months after ACL repair, n=10). Mean percentage changes of the four groups were compared with those of controls. Results indicated that changes of MVC and I‐EMG on the uninjured and injured sides in short‐term‐group in response to vibration were significantly different from those of controls. There were no significant differences between uninjured sides in long‐term and control groups. MVC and I‐EMG of VM and RF of injured side in patients in the long‐term‐group in response to vibration were not different from those of controls.
SPECIES‐SPECIFIC VARIATION IN FATTY ACID CONCENTRATIONS OF FOUR PHYTOPLANKTON SPECIES: DOES PHOSPHORUS SUPPLY INFLUENCE THE EFFECT OF LIGHT INTENSITY OR TEMPERATURE? 1

We tested, in the laboratory, the influence of light intensity, temperature, and phosphorus (P) supply on fatty acid (FA) concentrations of four freshwater algae: the green algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turpin) Bréb. and Chlamydomonas globosa J. Snow, the cryptophyte Cryptomonas ovata Ehrenb. , and the diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz. We investigated the main and interactive effects of two variables on algal FA concentrations (i.e., light intensity and P supply or temperature and P supply). Interactive effects of light intensity and P supply were most pronounced in C. meneghiniana, but were also found in S. quadricauda and C. ovata. Changes in several saturated and unsaturated FA concentrations with light were more distinct in the low‐P treatments than in the high‐P treatments. Interactive effects of temperature and P supply on various FA concentrations were observed in all four species, but there was no consistent pattern. In lake ecosystems, P limitation often coincides with high light intensities and temperatures in summer. Therefore, it is important to examine how combinations of these environmental conditions affect FA concentrations of primary producers that are important sources of FAs for higher trophic levels.
Magnetars' Giant Flares: the Case of SGR 1806–20

We report on the properties of the SGR 1806–20's Giant Flare occurred on 2004 December 27th, with particular interest on the pre and post flare intensity/hardness correlated variability. We show that these findings are consistent with the picture of a twisted internal magnetic field which stresses the star solid crust, until the latter is not able anymore to bear the imparted stresses, and finally cracks causing the giant flare (and the observed torsional oscillations). This crustal fracturing is accompanied by a simplification of the external magnetic field with a (partial) untwisting of the magnetosphere.
Neurite outgrowth and GAP‐43 mRNA expression in cultured adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons: Effects of NGF or prior peripheral axotomy

Adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells are capable of neurite outgrowth in vivo and in vitro after axotomy. We have investigated, in cultured adult rat DRG cells, the relative influence of nerve growth factor (NGF) or a prior peripheral nerve lesion on the capacity of these neurons to produce neurites. Since there is evidence suggesting that the growth‐associated protein GAP‐43 may play a crucial role in axon elongation during development and regeneration, we have also compared the effect of these treatments on GAP‐43 mRNA expression. NGF increased the early neurite outgrowth in a subpopulation of DRG cells. This effect was substantially less, however, than that resulting from preaxotomy, which initiated an early and profuse neurite outgrowth in almost all cells. No difference in the expression of GAP‐43 mRNA was found between neurons grown in the presence or absence of NGF over 1 week of culture, in spite of the increased growth produced by NGF. In contrast, cultures of neurons that had been preaxotomized showed substantial increase in GAP‐43 mRNA and NGF had, as expected, a significant effect on substance P mRNA levels. Two forms of growth may be present in adult DRG neurons: an NGF‐independent, peripheral nerve injury‐provoked growth associated with substantial GAP‐43 upregulation, and an NGF‐dependent growth that may underlie branching or sprouting of NGF‐sensitive neurons, but which is not associated with increased levels of GAP‐43 mRNA. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Top-down Natural Language Query Approach for Embodied Conversational Agent

This paper describes research work in implementing a conversational intelligent agent on the web focusing on a top-down natural language query approach. While the present World-Wide Web provides a distributed hypermedia interface to the vast amount of information on the Internet, there is a lack of appropriate metadata to that content. Instead of being a giant library as intended, increasing sections of the Web are looking like a giant dump. A multi-level natural language query system is described in this paper for the representation of knowledge in specific and open domains. The six layers system includes spell check, Natural Language Understanding and Reasoning, FAQChat, Metadata Index Search, Pattern matching and case-based reasoning, and, semi-automated matching approach. Extracts from queries on the field of pandemic crisis, Bird Flu H5N1 is demonstrated.
Eukaryotic mRNA 3' processing: a common means to different ends.

In principle, the formation of the 3 end of a eukaryotic mRNA is a simple process. At a minimum, it involves the hydrolysis of a single phosphodiester bond in the nascent transcript. For one unique class of mRNAs, transcripts of the metazoan replication-dependent histone genes, this is indeed the only requirement. All other eukaryotic mRNAs require both cleavage and subsequent poly(A) addition to the newly generated 3 hydroxyl. Despite this apparent simplicity, and more than two decades of work, basic questions concerning the mechanisms of 3-end formation for both classes of transcripts persist. The accumulated evidence indicates that the mechanisms by which the ends of histone and polyadenylated mRNA are formed are fundamentally distinct, both in the factors responsible for processing and the RNA sequence elements that direct their action (for review, see Marzluff 2005; Zhao et al. 1999a). The 3 processing of polyadenylated mRNAs requires a complex of over a dozen proteins, nearly all of which are conserved from yeast to humans. In contrast, the formation of the 3 ends of the metazoan replication-dependent histone transcripts not only requires a unique set of proteins, but an essential snRNA component as well. In both cases, the identity of the endonuclease has remained largely a matter of speculation. Two reports—one from Kolev and Steitz (2005) in this issue of Genes & Development, and the second from Dominski et al. (2005a) have revealed that the mechanisms of poly(A) site processing and histone 3 processing are not quite as unique as they appear. Surprisingly, the two processing machines share a common core of proteins that almost certainly includes the endonuclease. The most exciting aspect of these reports, however, is that they provide a fresh insight into the evolution of what had seemed to be needlessly redundant mechanisms for generating mRNA 3 ends. In essence, these reports indicate that the enzymatic machinery responsible for cleaving all nascent pre-mRNAs is likely to be identical; the differences lie in the elaborate mechanisms that have evolved to recruit this machinery to the two classes of transcripts. The driving forces responsible for the evolution of two distinct 3 processing complexes are likely to involve the conflicting pressures of posttranscriptional regulation: coordinate cell cycle control of the replication-dependent histone mRNAs versus the developmental and cell-type-specific regulation of alternative poly(A) site selection.
A Note on the Linear Stability of a Two-dimensional Stokes Layer

The fluid motion generated adjacent to an infinite flat plate undergoing orbital motion in its own plane is a generalization of the classical Stokes-layer profile. We show that the stabilities of these flows can be related to each other via two transformations directly analogous to the well-known Squire transformation. The main result obtained is that, in general, the two-dimensional Stokes layer is more stable than the corresponding unidirectional Stokes layer. A further by-product of the analysis is the construction of a shear flow having identical neutral stability conditions when subject to either two- or three-dimensional disturbances.
Adaptation of the Perception-Action Loop Using Active Channel Sampling

During the lifetime of a real world agent or robot, many changes unforeseen at design time can occur. Whether these are due to a change in environmental conditions or to alterations of the embodiment of the robot, flexibility and adaptation are essential qualities that can help it to keep operating in this new situation. This work is based on an information-theoretic approach and introduces an exploration strategy that allows an agent to detect and adapt to changes in its perception-action loop by actively sampling areas of interest. We define the problem of exploring the sensorimotor channel and establish a measure of the distance between the observed and the real model of the channel. An optimal Oracle-based strategy is used to compare performances of the adaptive sampling strategy and a random strategy. Results for different scenarios of change in a binary channel show that the proposed strategy is highly effective in many cases. We also outline principles to adapt this mechanism to the exploration of multiple channels and we give preliminary results for such a scenario.
Enhancing LSB Steganography Against Steganalysis Attacks using Combinational LSBS

This paper describes an enhanced approach for hiding secret messages in the spatial domain of digital cover images such that the resulting stego-images are robust to steganalysis attacks. Firstly, different methods of hiding in the Least Significant Bits (LSBs) are comparatively discussed including the Sequential and the Random algorithms. Then our approach is illustrated which uses a combination of LSBs to store large amounts of secret information while maintaining robustness against detection by steganalysis attacks. The results achieved are commensurate to those obtained using widely available stego tools.
A membership service for dynamically changing large scale storage system

Dynamically changing system membership in a large scale reliable storage system is maintained and carried out by a membership service to overcome the current system limitations in handling reconfigurations for a replica set and it is also difficult for life time membership.This service is done with an automatic reconfiguration. Byzantine Fault tolerant replication enhances the availability and reliability of internet service that store critical state and preserve it despite attacks and software errors which provides consistency level. This reconfiguration is carried out by a membership service and dBQS[database Query Service]. dBQS is interesting in its own right because its storage algorithms extend existing Byzantine Quorum protocols to handle changes in the replica set, and it differ from previous DHTs by providing Byzantine Fault tolerance and offering strong semantics. We develop two heuristic algorithms for the problems. Experimental studies show that the heuristic algorithms achieve good performance in reducing communication cost and are close to optimal solutions.
The Effects of Strength Training on the Lower Extremity Biomechanics of Female Recreational Athletes during a Stop-Jump Task

Background Strength training is considered a strategy for anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention. Little is known about the contribution of strength training to knee and hip biomechanics. Hypothesis Lower extremity muscle strength training alters knee and hip biomechanics during a stop-jump task. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Knee and hip 3-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data were collected for 66 female recreational athletes (33 intervention and 33 control) while performing 3 stop-jump tasks before and after completing a 9-week strength-training program targeting the quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteus medius, and gluteus maximus (intervention) or a 9-week period of no strength training (control). Maximum voluntary isometric contraction strength data were also collected for each subject before the stop-jump tasks in each data collection session. Knee and hip joint angles as well as resultant forces and moments were calculated. Results The intervention group increased in strength (P < .001 for all muscles). No significant differences were observed in knee and hip kinematics and kinetics between groups before and after the strength-training protocol. Conclusions Strength training alone does not alter knee and hip kinematics and kinetics in female recreational athletes. Further research is needed to determine the effect of strength training in combination with other intervention methods on lower extremity biomechanics. Clinical Relevance Strength training as a single intervention method may not be sufficient to reduce the risk of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury in female recreational athletes.
Recombinant granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor in the management of toxic epidermal necrolysis

Summary We report a 7‐year‐old girl with extensive toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and neutropenia who was successfully treated using recombinant granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor. Our patient had extensive epidermal loss and neutropenia, both indicators of a poor prognosis, but none the less made a rapid and complete recovery.
Transport properties of topological nodal-line semimetal candidate CaAs
 3
 under hydrostatic pressure

We report the transport properties of the CaAs3 single crystal, which has been predicted to be a candidate for topological nodal-line semimetals. At ambient pressure, CaAs3 exhibits semiconducting behavior with a small gap, while in some crystals containing tiny defects or impurities, a large "hump" in the resistivity is observed around 230 K. By applying hydrostatic pressure, the samples appear to a tendency towards metallic behavior, but not fully metallized up to 2 GPa. Further high pressure studies are needed to explore the topological characteristics for CaAs3.
Online Sequential Fuzzy Extreme Learning Machine for Function Approximation and Classification Problems

In this correspondence, an online sequential fuzzy extreme learning machine (OS-fuzzy-ELM) has been developed for function approximation and classification problems. The equivalence of a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy inference system (FIS) to a generalized single hidden-layer feedforward network is shown first, which is then used to develop the OS-fuzzy-ELM algorithm. This results in a FIS that can handle any bounded nonconstant piecewise continuous membership function. Furthermore, the learning in OS-fuzzy-ELM can be done with the input data coming in a one-by-one mode or a chunk-by-chunk (a block of data) mode with fixed or varying chunk size. In OS-fuzzy-ELM, all the antecedent parameters of membership functions are randomly assigned first, and then, the corresponding consequent parameters are determined analytically. Performance comparisons of OS-fuzzy-ELM with other existing algorithms are presented using real-world benchmark problems in the areas of nonlinear system identification, regression, and classification. The results show that the proposed OS-fuzzy-ELM produces similar or better accuracies with at least an order-of-magnitude reduction in the training time.
Gene Therapy for Pediatric Cancer: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

While modern treatments have led to a dramatic improvement in survival for pediatric malignancy, toxicities are high and a significant proportion of patients remain resistant. Gene transfer offers the prospect of highly specific therapies for childhood cancer. “Corrective” genes may be transferred to overcome the genetic abnormalities present in the precancerous cell. Alternatively, genes can be introduced to render the malignant cell sensitive to therapeutic drugs. The tumor can also be attacked by decreasing its blood supply with genes that inhibit vascular growth. Another possible approach is to modify normal tissues with genes that make them more resistant to conventional drugs and/or radiation, thereby increasing the therapeutic index. Finally, it may be possible to attack the tumor indirectly by using genes that modify the behavior of the immune system, either by making the tumor more immunogenic, or by rendering host effector cells more efficient. Several gene therapy applications have already been reported for pediatric cancer patients in preliminary Phase 1 studies. Although no major clinical success has yet been achieved, improvements in gene delivery technologies and a better understanding of mechanisms of tumor progression and immune escape have opened new perspectives for the cure of pediatric cancer by combining gene therapy with standard therapeutic available treatments.
M2M communications: Enablement in 4G LTE, deployment considerations and evolution path to 5G

With the recent proliferation of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, coupled with the expected massive growth in the deployment of such devices, the 3GPP Specifications continued to evolve to address the performance needs and the cost/complexity reduction requirements of these IoT devices, achieved through the introduction of new features and new User Equipment (UE) categories. These features will reduce device complexity and cost, reduce its power consumption and extend link coverage. In this paper, we present an overview of several features introduced in 3GPP Releases 13 and 14 to address the requirements of M2M communications together with the new air interface characteristics associated with the new UE categories, targeting IoT devices. The paper also examines capacity, coverage and different IoT deployment considerations as well as interference mitigation with legacy LTE deployments. 5G features improving IoT performance and enabling additional services and IoT ecosystem are also discussed.
Test Results from a Novel Passive Bistatic GPS Radar Using a Phased Sensor Array

GPS bistatic signals have applications for remote sensing in collecting data such as soil moisture content, surface altitude or wave speed. Prior research using these signals has been limited by the low signal power of the bistatic GPS signals. Leveraging off of a previous effort that used a 15-element array, NAVSYS Corporation has developed an advanced bistatic GPS receiver that uses a 109-element GPS antenna array and digital beam steering to provide gain to increase the ability to detect the weak bistatic GPS signals. The enhanced 109-element array offers 20 dB of gain over previous receivers, which use single element tracking and offers promise of retrieving usable return data from a much higher altitude. In this paper, the design of the digital beam-steering receiver is described and data collected during flight tests with the array are presented. The data was collected with the antenna array installed on a Cessna aircraft. Flights were conducted over terrain and water and the data was recorded for post-test analysis. The results of the flight test show the increase in fidelity and observability of the bistatic GPS signals by using digital beam steering. The digital scanning capability of the receiver also increases the area of coverage over which data can be collected from a single aircraft pass. The enhanced data collected will be of benefit for all remote sensing applications using bistatic GPS signals.
Impact of ARQ protocols on QoS in 3GPP systems

Traffic transmission over the radio channel requires appropriate techniques to preserve information integrity while maintaining the desired quality of service (QoS) and energy constraints. We focus on a possible configuration of the automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol defined in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) technical specifications. A Markov model is developed in order to study the protocol behavior as channel characteristics change. Through this model, we evaluate the impact of the 3GPP ARQ scheme on the QoS of traffic services such as data file transfer and IP telephony. In the case of data transfer, a tradeoff between loss probability and energy efficiency is derived. In the case of IP telephony, we investigate the possibility of guaranteeing low maximum delay and low jitter by adopting the ARQ protocol as an error-recovery scheme.