Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emergency Call ( eCall ) Services Based on Approved E-112 Regulations and Infrastructures : A solution to improve security and release of road help

Location information is of vital interest for emergency services throughout Europe. Among the recent priorities of the European Union is to promote appropriate electronic communication technologies (like mobile cellular networks and satellite location systems), in order to improve road safety, to speed up rescue times and to provide an efficient ‘harmonised’ European emergency call (eCall) service, especially based on current E-112 regulations and infrastructures. Such an option implies significant potential, as well as a variety of commercial, socioeconomic and other benefits for a great variety of the market players involved. The eCall is a highly efficient solution that can serve the majority of road users. Moreover, it affects network operators, service providers and national authorities, to suitably coordinate their activities towards designing, developing and exploiting appropriate solutions (and new business partnerships) through an effective/converged use of all underlying infrastructures, for a common location-provisioning mechanism, timely implemented, accessed and effectively used by the E-112 community and emergency-service operators, to create interoperable solutions and to decrease implementation costs. The Challenge of Developing Emergency Call (eCall) Solutions for Road Safety
Applying ontologies and exploring nanopublishing in a genome-wide association study database

The genome-wide association study (GWAS) database - GWAS Central (http://www.gwascentral.org) - allows the sophisticated interrogation and comparison of summary-level GWAS data. Here we present the application of ontologies within GWAS Central for the description and standardisation of phenotypic observations and their use in inferring disease phenotypes. For orthologous genes, our cross-species phenotype comparison pipeline allows for comparison of phenotypes defined using alternative mammalian phenotype ontologies. Building on the existing rich semantic phenotype annotation layer, we are currently involved in an effort to publish a core subset of the data as RDF nanopublications.
A prospective study of family history and the risk of colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND A family history of colorectal cancer is recognized as a risk factor for the disease. However, as a result of the retrospective design of prior studies, the strength of this association is uncertain, particularly as it is influenced by characteristics of the person at risk and the affected family members. METHODS We conducted a prospective study of 32,085 men and 87,031 women who had not previously been examined by colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy and who provided data on first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer, diet, and other risk factors for the disease. During the follow-up period, colorectal cancer was diagnosed in 148 men and 315 women. RESULTS The age-adjusted relative risk of colorectal cancer for men and women with affected first-degree relatives, as compared with those without a family history of the disease, was 1.72 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.34 to 2.19). The relative risk among study participants with two or more affected first-degree relatives was 2.75 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.34 to 5.63). For participants under the age of 45 years who had one or more affected first-degree relatives, the relative risk was 5.37 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.98 to 14.6), and the risk decreased with increasing age (P for trend, < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A family history of colorectal cancer is associated with an increased risk of the disease, especially among younger people.
Undaria pinnatifida and Fucoxanthin Ameliorate Lipogenesis and Markers of Both Inflammation and Cardiovascular Dysfunction in an Animal Model of Diet-Induced Obesity

Brown algae and its carotenoids have been shown to have a positive influence on obesity and its comorbidities. This study evaluated the effect of Undaria pinnatifida and fucoxanthin on biochemical, physiological and inflammation markers related to obesity and on the expression of genes engaged on white adipose tissue lipid metabolism in a murine model of diet-induced obesity. The treatments improved energy expenditure, β-oxidation and adipogenesis by upregulating PPARα, PGC1α, PPARγ and UCP-1. Adipogenesis was also confirmed by image analysis of the retroperitoneal adipose tissue, by measuring cell area, perimeter and cellular density. Additionally, the treatments, ameliorated adipose tissue accumulation, insulin resistance, blood pressure, cholesterol and triglycerides concentration in serum, and reduced lipogenesis and inflammation by downregulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) gene expression, increasing serum concentration and expression of adiponectin as well as downregulating IL-6 expression. Both fucoxanthin and Undaria pinnatifida may be considered for treating obesity and other diseases related.
On the suitability of Device-to-Device communications for road traffic safety

In this paper, we explore recent Device-to-Device (D2D) research efforts and review their suitability to safety-critical Internet of Vehicles (IoV) applications, such as cooperative or autonomous driving. Typical to the IoV environment is the high node mobility along with strict Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, especially in terms of delay and reliability. In addition, IoV applications require geomessaging capabilities with high degree of accuracy in particular in proximity awareness. Accordingly, we qualitatively assess the effectiveness of D2D approaches to cope with high mobility and precise geomessaging. Our review work shows that current approaches ignore high relative node mobility and accurate proximity measurements, and the crucial research challenges mainly are those related to maintaining the required QoS level in highly fluctuating D2D communications. This work is meant to be a roadmap towards adopting the emerging D2D technique for critical IoV communications.
Computational Developmental Neuroscience: Capturing Developmental Trajectories From Genes to Cognition

Over the course of development, the central nervous system grows into a complex set of structures that ultimately controls our experiences and interactions with the world. To understand brain development, researchers must disentangle the contributions of genes, neural activity, synaptic plasticity, and intrinsic noise in guiding the growth of axons between brain regions. Here, we examine how computer simulations can shed light on neural development, making headway towards systems that self-organize into fully autonomous models of the brain. We argue that these simulations should focus on the ¿open-ended¿ nature of development, rather than a set of deterministic outcomes.
Mechanical evaluation of theories of neurulation using computer simulations

Current theories about the forces that drive neurulation shape changes are evaluated using computer simulations. Custom, three-dimensional, f inite element-based computer software is used. The software draws on current engineering concepts and makes it possible to construct a ‘virtual’ embryo with any user-specified mechanical properties. To test a specific hypothesis about the forces that drive neurulation, the whole virtual embryo or any selected part of it is ascribed with the force generators specified in the hypothesis. The shape changes that are produced by these forces are then observed and compared with experimental data. The simulations demonstrate that, when uniform, isotropic circumferential microfilament bundle (CMB) constriction and cephalocaudal (axial) elongation act together on a circular virtual neural plate, it becomes keyhole shaped. When these forces act on a spherical (amphibian) embryo, dorsal surface flattening occurs. Simulations of transverse sections further show that CMB constriction, acting with or without axial elongation, can produce numerous salient transverse features of neurulation. These features include the sequential formation of distinct neural ridges, narrowing and thickening of the neural plate, skewing just medial to the ridges, ‘hinge’ formation and neural tube closure. No region-specific ‘programs’ or non-mechanical cell-cell communications are used. The increase in complexity results entirely from mechanical interactions. The transverse simulations show how changes to the driving forces would affect the patterns of shape change produced. Hypotheses regarding force generation by micro tubules, intercellular adhesions and forces extrinsic to the neural plate are also evaluated. The simulations show that these force-generating mechanisms do not, by themselves, produce shape changes that are consistent with normal development. The simulations support the concept of cooperation of forces and suggest that neurulation is robust because redundant force generating mechanisms exist. SUMMARY
Estimating Top-of-Atmosphere Daily Reflected Shortwave Radiation Flux Over Land From MODIS Data

High-spatial resolution data of the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflected shortwave radiation flux are needed to understand the effects of local-scale anthropogenic and natural processes on earth’s radiation budget. A previous study developed an algorithm to estimate the TOA instantaneous shortwave component from polar-orbiting Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. This paper presents a temporal scaling approach to predict daily values of TOA reflected shortwave radiation flux from temporally sparse MODIS observations. Radiative transfer simulation and statistical regression are used to establish the relationship between daily shortwave flux and MODIS spectral reflectance. A comparison between the Terra and Aqua combined MODIS computed data and the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System SYN1deg product of 1° regional daily shortwave fluxes have a bias of 3.8 W/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 13.3 W/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> using data from 2009 over eight subsets across various latitudes. Comparing the regional monthly shortwave fluxes reduces the RMSE to 6.9 W/<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{m}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The longer the averaging period the lower the uncertainty is self-explanatory.
Interferometric technique for scanning near-field microwave microscopy applications

An interferometric technique for scanning nearfield microscopy applications is proposed. The method is based on the association of a vector network analyzer, an evanescent microwave coaxial probe and a precise interferometer built up with a power divider, a phase-shifter and an attenuator. Advantages such as simplicity of operation, broad frequency band capabilities and high measurement sensitivity are achieved. In particular, a scanning near-field microwave microscope is built and experiments related to the measurement sensitivity in the frequency range 2-6 GHz are demonstrated.
RORα, a Potential Tumor Suppressor and Therapeutic Target of Breast Cancer

The function of the nuclear receptor (NR) in breast cancer progression has been investigated for decades. The majority of the nuclear receptors have well characterized natural ligands, but a few of them are orphan receptors for which no ligand has been identified. RORα, one member of the retinoid orphan nuclear receptor (ROR) subfamily of orphan receptors, regulates various cellular and pathological activities. RORα is commonly down-regulated and/or hypoactivated in breast cancer compared to normal mammary tissue. Expression of RORα suppresses malignant phenotypes in breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo. Activity of RORα can be categorized into the canonical and non-canonical nuclear receptor pathways, which in turn regulate various breast cancer cellular function, including cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. This information suggests that RORα is a potent tumor suppressor and a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Co‐registration of in vivo human MRI brain images to postmortem histological microscopic images

Certain features such as small vascular lesions seen in human MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) are detected reliably only in postmortem histological samples by microscopic imaging. Co‐registration of these microscopically detected features to their corresponding locations in the in vivo images would be of great benefit to understanding the MRI signatures of specific diseases. Using nonlinear Polynomial transformation, we report a method to co‐register in vivo MRIs to microscopic images of histological samples drawn off the postmortem brain. The approach utilizes digital photographs of postmortem slices as an intermediate reference to co‐register the MRIs to microscopy. The overall procedure is challenging due to gross structural deformations in the postmortem brain during extraction and subsequent distortions in the histological preparations. Hemispheres of the brain were co‐registered separately to mitigate these effects. Approaches relying on matching single‐slices, multiple‐slices and entire volumes in conjunction with different similarity measures suggested that using four slices at a time in combination with two sequential measures, Pearson correlation coefficient followed by mutual information, produced the best MRI‐postmortem co‐registration according to a voxel mismatch count. The accuracy of the overall registration was evaluated by measuring the 3D Euclidean distance between the locations of microscopically identified lesions on postmortem slices and their MRI‐postmortem co‐registered locations. The results show a mean 3D displacement of 5.1 ± 2.0 mm between the in vivo MRI and microscopically determined locations for 21 vascular lesions in 11 subjects. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 18, 325–335, 2008
Negative Selection Method for Virus Detection in a Cloud

The biological immune system (BIS) is to protect the human body against attack from the antigen such as virus, bacteria, fungi and other parasites and eliminates it from the infected cells. Artificial Immune System (AIS) are the machine acquiring algorithm that be some of the principles and effort to accept some advantages of the biological immune system in order to solve the problem field. Among which Negative Selection Algorithm (NSA) is one of the inspired method to identify self bodies and non self bodies. The whole process is of self and non self body recognition and identifying them. In our proposed work only those cell which are self bodies are rejected as it harmless and non self bodies are send to detector which is harmful. Keywords— Artificial immune system, Negative selection process, Pattern Matching, Shift r continuous.
The Burkholderia cenocepacia LysR-Type Transcriptional Regulator ShvR Influences Expression of Quorum-Sensing, Protease, Type II Secretion, and afc Genes

ABSTRACT Burkholderia cenocepacia is a significant opportunistic pathogen in individuals with cystic fibrosis. ShvR, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator, has previously been shown to influence colony morphology, biofilm formation, virulence in plant and animal infection models, and some quorum-sensing-dependent phenotypes. In the present study, it was shown that ShvR negatively regulates its own expression, as is typical for LysR-type regulators. The production of quorum-sensing signal molecules was detected earlier in growth in the shvR mutant than in the wild type, and ShvR repressed expression of the quorum-sensing regulatory genes cepIR and cciIR. Microarray analysis and transcriptional fusions revealed that ShvR regulated over 1,000 genes, including the zinc metalloproteases zmpA and zmpB. The shvR mutant displayed increased gene expression of the type II secretion system and significantly increased protease and lipase activities. Both ShvR and CepR influence expression of a 24-kb genomic region adjacent to shvR that includes the afcA and afcC operons, required for the production of an antifungal agent; however, the reduction in expression was substantially greater in the shvR mutant than in the cepR mutant. Only the shvR mutation resulted in reduced antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani. ShvR, but not CepR, was shown to directly regulate expression of the afcA and afcC promoters. In summary, ShvR was determined to have a significant influence on the expression of quorum-sensing, protease, lipase, type II secretion, and afc genes.
Hybrid Cramer-Rao lower bound on tracking ground moving extended target

This paper deals with the problem of performance bound for ground moving extended target tracking with high range resolution ground moving target indicator (HRRGMTI). The system model is constructed for our proposed rectangular target tracking. On performance bounds for state and deterministic shape parameter estimation, a hybrid Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) is proposed and its recursive form is derived. By comparison of √CRLB curves for different accuracies of measurement of down-range-extent, the effect of this additional measurement on state and parameter estimation is analyzed.
Reliable bursty convergecast in wireless sensor networks

We address the challenges of bursty convergecast in multi-hop wireless sensor networks, where a large burst of packets from different locations needs to be transported reliably and in real-time to a base station. Via experiments on a 49 MICA2 mote sensor network using a realistic traffic trace, we determine the primary issues in bursty convergecast, and accordingly design a protocol, RBC (for Reliable Bursty Convergecast), to address these issues: To improve channel utilization and to reduce ack-loss, we design a window-less block acknowledgment scheme that guarantees continuous packet forwarding and replicates the acknowledgment for a packet; to alleviate retransmission-incurred channel contention, we introduce differentiated contention control. Moreover, we design mechanisms to handle varying ack-delay and to reduce delay in timer-based re-transmissions. We evaluate RBC, again via experiments, and show that compared to a commonly used implicit-ack scheme, RBC doubles packet delivery ratio and reduces end-to-end delay by an order of magnitude, as a result of which RBC achieves a close-to-optimal goodput.
Implementing Multiple Protection Domains in Java

Safe language technology can be used for protection within a single address space. This protection is enforced by the language's type system, which ensures that references to objects cannot be forged. A safe language alone, however, lacks many features taken for granted in more traditional operating systems, such as rights revocation, thread protection, resource management, and support for domain termination. This paper describes the J-Kernel, a portable Java-based protection system that addresses these issues. J-Kernel protection domains can communicate through revocable capabilities, but are prevented from directly sharing unrevocable objects references. A number of micro-benchmarks are presented to characterize the costs of language-based protection, and an extensible web server based on the J-Kernel demonstrates the use of safe language techniques in a large application.
Racial disparities in awareness of the human papillomavirus.

BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States yet is one of the least recognized among the general public. HPV awareness may be relatively low among minority women. Because HPV awareness is associated with uptake of the HPV vaccine, it is critical to assess HPV awareness in the population and identify any racial/ethnic gaps. METHODS This study used nationally representative data collected by the National Survey of Family Growth between July 2007 and December 2008. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the independent effect of race/ethnicity on HPV awareness while controlling for sociodemographic and clinical confounders in a sample of 4088 women. Stratified multivariable analysis was also conducted to assess the relationship between race/ethnicity and HPV awareness among women in different age groups. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, Hispanic and black women overall were significantly less likely to have heard of HPV compared to white women (odds ratio [OR] 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.29-0.54 and OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.29-0.54, respectively). Black women aged 15-18 and Hispanic women aged 19-26 had particularly low rates of HPV awareness (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.07-0.43 and OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.11-0.30, respectively) compared to white women of the same ages. CONCLUSIONS Hispanic and black women have significantly lower levels of HPV awareness than white women. Targeted educational efforts will be important to improve HPV awareness and associated preventive health measures to avoid HPV-related morbidity and mortality.
A Novel pAA Virulence Plasmid Encoding Toxins and Two Distinct Variants of the Fimbriae of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an increasingly recognized pathogen associated with acute and persistent diarrhea worldwide. While EAEC strains are considered highly heterogeneous, aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAFs) are thought to play a pivotal role in pathogenicity by facilitating adherence to the intestinal mucosa. In this study, we optimized an existing multiplex PCR to target all known AAF variants, which are distinguished by differences in their pilin subunits. We applied the assay on a collection of 162 clinical Danish EAEC strains and interestingly found six, by SNP analysis phylogenetically distinct, strains harboring the major pilin subunits from both AAF/III and AAF/V. Whole-genome and plasmid sequencing revealed that in these six strains the agg3A and agg5A genes were located on a novel pAA plasmid variant. Moreover, the plasmid also encoded several other virulence genes including some not previously found on pAA plasmids. Thus, this plasmid endows the host strains with a remarkably high number of EAEC associated virulence genes hereby likely promoting strain pathogenicity.
Plasticity of Human Adipose Lineage Cells Toward Endothelial Cells: Physiological and Therapeutic Perspectives

Background—Adipose tissue development and remodeling are closely associated with the growth of vascular network. We hypothesized that adipose tissue may contain progenitor cells with angiogenic potential and that therapy based on adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells administration may constitute a promising cell therapy in patients with ischemic disease. Methods and Results—In mice, cultured stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) cells from adipose tissue have a great proangiogenic potential, comparable to that of bone marrow mononuclear cells in the mouse ischemic hindlimb model. Similarly, cultured human SVF cells differentiate into endothelial cells, incorporate into vessels, and promote both postischemic neovascularization in nude mice and vessel-like structure formation in Matrigel plug. In vitro, these cells represent a homogeneous population of CD34- and CD13-positive cells, which can spontaneously express the endothelial cell markers CD31 and von Willebrand factor when cultured in semisolid medium. Interestingly, dedifferentiated mature human adipocytes have the potential to rapidly acquire the endothelial phenotype in vitro and to promote neovascularization in ischemic tissue and vessel-like structure formation in Matrigel plug, suggesting that cells of endothelial and adipocyte phenotypes may have a common precursor. Conclusions—This study demonstrates, for the first time, that adipocytes and endothelial cells have a common progenitor. Such adipose lineage cells participate in vascular-like structure formation in Matrigel plug and enhance the neovascularization reaction in ischemic tissue. These results also highlight the concept that adipose lineage cells represent a suitable new cell source for therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic disease.