Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A methodology for quality control in cell nucleus segmentation

In order to achieve the very high accuracy rates required in unsupervised automated biomedical applications, it is often necessary to complement a successful segmentation algorithm with a robust error checking stage. The better the segmentation strategy, the less severe the error checking decisions need to be and the fewer correct segmentations that are discarded. These issues are dealt with in this paper in order to achieve 100% accuracy on a data set of 19946 cell nucleus images using an established segmentation scheme with a success rate of 99.47%. The method is based upon measuring changes in the final segmentation contour as the one parameter that governs its behaviour is varied. 1. Introduction remove potential artefacts based on shape and appearance that was capable of detecting some of the incorrectly segmented nuclei [9]. Nordin describes an algorithm that is able to report a failure at various levels of segmentation, as well as a separate artefact rejection stage [11]. McKenna used a neural network to preselect potential nuclei in scenes for subsequent segmentation. It was pointed out that a post-processing stage would also be necessary to filter out 'erroneously detected objects'[10]. A common trait in these techniques is the use of a separate process to view the output of the segmentation and to use shape and appearance measurements to classify the results as 'pass' (looks like a cell) or 'fail' (doesn't look like a cell). We have proposed a segmentation scheme that not only employs an algorithm with much better performance than previously reported [3], but also enables a confidence measure in the resulting segmentation to be given.
Health Needs of Refugee Children Younger Than 5 Years Arriving in New Zealand

Background: New Zealand accepts 750 refugees annually who enter via the Mangere Refugee Resettlement Centre. Aims: To evaluate the health needs of refugee children less than 5 years of age. Methods: Retrospective audit on the outcomes of health screening and referrals in children less than 5 years of age at the Mangere Refugee Resettlement Centre between 2007 and 2011. Results: Of the 343 children, the most common infectious diseases were latent tuberculosis (15%) and parasitic infections (15%). In those older than 1 year old who had rubella and measles serology information, immunity was found in 50% and 59%, respectively. Hepatitis B immunity was found in 68%. Complete vaccination certificates were available for 66% on arrival to New Zealand. Vaccinations were administered to 73% while at the Mangere Refugee Resettlement Centre. Iron deficiency and vitamin D deficiency were the main noninfectious diseases found and were present in 33% and 12%, respectively. The total requiring referral for further medical assessment or support was 58% with 19% requiring referral to more than one service. Conclusions: Screening identified health needs in otherwise asymptomatic newly arriving refugee children. A proportion of children required access to multiple specialized medical services and may benefit from a comprehensive pediatric service.
A survey on different text categorization techniques for text filtration

Social Network has become an integral part of 21st Century Generation. It has touched every individual's life in one or the other way. Daily tons of information is being shared on different social network platform. These sites provide various means for uploading and publishing the contents. These contents are being shared in various forms such as Text, Images, Videos, etc. These uploaded content may contains abusing words, explicit images which may be unsuitable for social platforms. As such there is no proper mechanism for restricting offensive contents from publishing it on these sites. These problems gave rise to an idea for our proposed approach. In our approach we are developing a prototype of social network platform in which we will apply some filtering mechanism to the uploaded contents and prevent them from publishing on social network platform. It basically focuses on text filtration and image filtration for any abusive and explicit content respectively. In this paper, we have done a survey on different text categorization techniques and algorithms used for text categorization. We started our survey by studying various text categorization techniques used for recognizing of offensive texts. Further, we studied various algorithms for implementing these techniques into our prototype.
Fast Forwarding for Content-Based Networking ; CU-CS-922-01

This paper presents a new algorithm for content-based forwarding, an essential function in contentbased networking. Unlike in traditional address-based unicast or multicast networks, where messages are given explicit destination addresses, the movement of messages through a content-based network is driven by predicates applied to the content of the messages. Forwarding in such a network amounts to evaluating the predicates stored in a router’s forwarding table in order to decide to which neighbor router the message should be sent. We are interested in finding a forwarding algorithm that can make this decision as quickly as possible in situations where there are large numbers of predicates and high volumes of messages. We present such an algorithm and give the results of studies evaluating its performance.
Peptide Inhibitor of Complement C1 (PIC1) Rapidly Inhibits Complement Activation after Intravascular Injection in Rats

The complement system has been increasingly recognized to play a pivotal role in a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Consequently, therapeutic modulators of the classical, lectin and alternative pathways of the complement system are currently in pre-clinical and clinical development. Our laboratory has identified a peptide that specifically inhibits the classical and lectin pathways of complement and is referred to as Peptide Inhibitor of Complement C1 (PIC1). In this study, we determined that the lead PIC1 variant demonstrates a salt-dependent binding to C1q, the initiator molecule of the classical pathway. Additionally, this peptide bound to the lectin pathway initiator molecule MBL as well as the ficolins H, M and L, suggesting a common mechanism of PIC1 inhibitory activity occurs via binding to the collagen-like tails of these collectin molecules. We further analyzed the effect of arginine and glutamic acid residue substitution on the complement inhibitory activity of our lead derivative in a hemolytic assay and found that the original sequence demonstrated superior inhibitory activity. To improve upon the solubility of the lead derivative, a pegylated, water soluble variant was developed, structurally characterized and demonstrated to inhibit complement activation in mouse plasma, as well as rat, non-human primate and human serum in vitro. After intravenous injection in rats, the pegylated derivative inhibited complement activation in the blood by 90% after 30 seconds, demonstrating extremely rapid function. Additionally, no adverse toxicological effects were observed in limited testing. Together these results show that PIC1 rapidly inhibits classical complement activation in vitro and in vivo and is functional for a variety of animal species, suggesting its utility in animal models of classical complement-mediated diseases.
Mutual information distribution of spatially correlated MIMO-OFDM systems in the low signal-to-noise ratio regime

We characterise the distribution of mutual information for spatially correlated multiple-input multiple-output channels using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFEM) in the asymptotically low signal-to-noise (SNR) regime. In particular, we derive the moment generating function (MGF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the mutual information random variable as a function of the power delay profile and eigenvalues of the spatial correlation matrices. For the special case of zero spatial correlation and uniform power delay profile, we show that the mutual information is gamma distributed. In the general case, it can be expressed as a sum of weighted exponential distributions, or an infinite sum of weighted gamma distributions. The weights and the parameters of the component distributions are expressed in terms of the power delay profile and eigenvalues of the correlation matrices.
Under which conditions does public participation really advance sustainability goals? Findings of a Meta-Analysis of stakeholder involvement in environmental Decision-making

Environmental governance on both sides of the Atlantic increasingly relies on the participation of non-state actors such as citizens and organized interest groups. Prompted by the U.S. Negotiated Rulemaking Act of 1990 and the Rio Declaration of 1992, which demands in principle 10 that “environmental issues are best handled with the participation of all concerned citizens”, followed by the Arhus Convention of 1998, four recent European Union directives 1 have legally institutionalized access to information and public participation in environmental decisions.
Probabilistic Multi-State Split-Merge Algorithm for Coupling Parameter Estimates

A new approach to finding good local maxima of the likelihood function based on synthesizing information from two local maxima is presented. We investigate the coupled EM algorithm (CoEM) for coupling local maxima solutions from two separate EM runs for the multinomial mixture model. The CoEM algorithm probabilistically splits and merges multiple latent states based on conditional independence assumptions and is numerically shown to significantly improve on uncoupled EM or deterministic annealing (DAEM) parameter estimates.
Little string theory from double-scaling limits of field theories

We show that little string theory on S5 can be obtained as double-scaling limits of the maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories on R × S2 and R × S3/Zk. By matching the gauge theory parameters with those in the dual supergravity solutions found by Lin and Maldacena, we determine the limits in the gauge theories that correspond to decoupling of NS5-brane degrees of freedom. We find that for the theory on R × S2, the 't Hooft coupling must be scaled like ln 3N, and on R × S3/Zk, like ln 2N. Accordingly, taking these limits in these field theories gives Lagrangian definitions of little string theory on S5.
Intel Concurrent Collections for Haskell

Intel Concurrent Collections (CnC) is a parallel programming model in which a network of steps (functions) communicate through message-passing as well as a limited form of shared mem- ory. This paper describes a new implementation of CnC for Haskell. Compared to existing parallel programming models for Haskell, CnC occupies a useful point in the design space: pure and deter- ministic like Strategies, but more explicit about granularity and the structure of the computation, which affords the programmer greater control over parallel performance. We present results on 4, 32, and 48-core machines demonstrating parallel speedups ranging between 7X and 22X on non-trivial benchmarks.
Wage Inequality and Wage Mobility in Europe # 386

Using data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC), this paper investigates wage inequality and wage mobility in Europe. Decomposing inequality into within and between group inequality, we analyse to what extent wage inequality and mobility can be explained by observable characteristics. Furthermore, we investigate which individual and household characteristics determine transitions within the wage distribution. Finally, we examine the importance of institutions for wage inequality, wage mobility, and wage transitions. We fi nd that overall, mobility reduces wage inequality. While a large part of wage inequality is due to unobservable characteristics, the equalizing eff ect of mobility mainly occurs within groups. Furthermore, both personal and household characteristics play an important role for wage transitions. Finally, our fi ndings reveal large cross-country diff erences across Europe, which are partly linked to the institutional set-up of the national labour markets. JEL Classifi cation: J6; J31; P52
Positivity constraints on anomalies in supersymmetric gauge theories

The relation between the trace and R-current anomalies in supersymmetric theories implies that the U(1){sub R}F{sup 2}, U(1){sub R}, and U(1){sub R}{sup 3} anomalies which are matched in studies of N=1 Seiberg duality satisfy positivity constraints. Some constraints are rigorous and others conjectured as four-dimensional generalizations of the Zamolodchikov c theorem. These constraints are tested in a large number of N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories in the non-Abelian Coulomb phase, and they are satisfied in all renormalizable models with unique anomaly-free R current, including those with accidental symmetry. Most striking is the fact that the flow of the Euler anomaly coefficient a{sub UV}{minus}a{sub IR} is always positive, as conjectured by Cardy. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}
SSV: An Interactive Visualization Approach for Social Media Stock-related Content Analysis

Users interactions in social media have proven to be highly correlated with changes in the Stock Market, and the large volume of data generated every day in this market makes the manual analytical processing impractical. Data visualization tools are powerful to enable this analysis, generating insights to support decisions. In this article we present SSV, our data visualization approach to analyze social media stock-related content. In particular, we present the SSV architecture, as well as the techniques used by it to provide data visualization. Additionally, we show that the visualizations displayed by SSV are not disposed arbitrarily, by contrary, it uses a ranking system based on visualization entropy. Moreover, we perform experiments to evaluate the ranking system and the results show that SSV is effective to rank data visualizations. We also conducted a case study with finance specialists to capture the usefulness of our proposed approach, which points out room
Semaphorin 3C Released from a Biocompatible Hydrogel Guides and Promotes Axonal Growth of Rodent and Human Dopaminergic Neurons

Cell therapy in experimental models of Parkinson's disease replaces the lost dopamine neurons (DAN), but we still need improved methods to guide dopaminergic axons (DAx) of grafted neurons to make proper connections. The protein Semaphorin 3C (Sema3C) attracts DAN axons and enhances their growth. In this work, we show that the hydrogel PuraMatrix, a self-assembling peptide-based matrix, incorporates Sema3C and releases it steadily during 4 weeks. We also tested if hydrogel-delivered Sema3C attracts DAx using a system of rat midbrain explants embedded in collagen gels. We show that Sema3C released by this hydrogel attracts DAx, in a similar way to pretectum, which is known to attract growing DAN axons. We assessed the effect of Sema3C on the growth of DAx using microfluidic devices. DAN from rat midbrain or those differentiated from human embryonic stem cells showed enhanced axonal extension when exposed to hydrogel-released Sema3C, similar to soluble Sema3C. Notably, DAN of human origin express the cognate Sema3C receptors, Neuropilin1 and Neuropilin2. These results show that PuraMatrix is able to incorporate and release Sema3C, and such delivery guides and promotes the axonal growth of DAN. This biocompatible hydrogel might be useful as a Sema3C carrier for in vivo studies in parkinsonian animal models.
The Role of Shearwise and Transverse Quasigeostrophic Vertical Motions in the Midlatitude Cyclone Life Cycle

Abstract The total quasigeostrophic (QG) vertical motion field is partitioned into transverse and shearwise couplets oriented parallel to, and along, the geostrophic vertical shear, respectively. The physical role played by each of these components of vertical motion in the midlatitude cyclone life cycle is then illustrated by examination of the life cycles of two recently observed cyclones. The analysis suggests that the origin and subsequent intensification of the lower-tropospheric cyclone responds predominantly to column stretching associated with the updraft portion of the shearwise QG vertical motion, which displays a single, dominant, middle-tropospheric couplet at all stages of the cyclone life cycle. The transverse QG omega, associated with the cyclones’ frontal zones, appears only after those frontal zones have been established. The absence of transverse ascent maxima and associated column stretching in the vicinity of the surface cyclone center suggests that the transverse ω plays little role i.
Telestroke Assessment on the Move: Prehospital Streamlining of Patient Pathways

Thrombolysis as a treatment for ischemic stroke is only indicated within the first 3 to 4.5 hours after onset of symptoms, and is more efficacious the earlier it is given.1,2 Patients must thus seek help, receive a clinical diagnosis, and reach a center of care for imaging and treatment without delay. This is a problem in remote and rural areas, leading to a relative disadvantage for rural dwellers: symptom-to-needle time is nevertheless often too long even for people in major urban centers. In the Scottish Highlands, for example, the total amount of time taken from calling for help, transfer to the nearest diagnostic center, undergoing computed tomography scanning to exclude contraindications to thrombolysis treatment, and then receiving thrombolysis often exceeds the 4.5-hour limit.3 The ambulance service reports that the more rural the patient’s location, the longer their response time is likely to be, reflecting the geography and road network as well as the limited number of vehicles.4 Even among patients with stroke in the Highlands who make it to hospital within the 4.5-hour thrombolysis window, mean times from onset to thrombolysis range from 130 to 210 minutes at the various hospitals audited, and <8% of patients with stroke actually receive the treatment at all.5 Scotland has a telestroke program run by the Scottish Center for Telehealth and Telecare, featuring 5 networks around the country.6 They use videoconferencing from the acute hospital site where local physicians can discuss their patients with specialists many miles away. This service has been running successfully since 2008, and thus the idea of using communications technology in stroke assessment is already in place and being successfully used. However, this service is hospital-based, providing support to smaller institutions rather than in prehospital situations. Initial code stroke systems were set up …
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome diagnosis in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome according to adopted definition.

INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MS), which is connected with enlarged cardiovascular risk, is common in patients with OSAS. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of MS in patients with OSAS according to two definitions of MS (criteria from NCEP-ATP III from 2001 versus criteria from IDF 2005). MATERIAL AND METHODS Materials consisted of 155 males and 18 females with OSAS (mean AHI 44 ± 22 h-1), obesity (BMI 31.8 ± 5.0 kg/m2), aged 53.9 ± 9.3 years (mean ± SD). Serum lipids, glucose, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured in all patients. RESULTS According to first definition (NCEP - ATP III from 2001), MS was diagnosed in 98 patients (56% of the whole group - MS1 group) compared to 120 patients (69% of the whole group - MS2 group) diagnosed according to the second definition (IDF from 2005), p < 0.05. No differences in BMI and WC between the groups were found. Significant differences in WHR were noted (MS1 group: 1.005 ± 0.05 vs. MS2 group: 1.027 ± 0.06, p < 0.05). Patients from the MS2 group had higher cholesterol HDL compared to the MS1 group (52.3 ± 12.1 mg/dl vs. 42.3 ± 12.1 mg/dl, p < 0.05). Serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in the MS1 group than in the MS2 group (228 ± 122 mg/dl vs. 122 ± 49 mg/dl, p < 0.05). There were no differences in OSAS severity between the MS1 and MS2 group. In both groups weak correlations between diagnosis of MS and AHI were found (r = 0.19 for MS1 and r = 0.21 for MS2, p < 0.05) They are, however, clinically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS The IDF definition from 2005 of metabolic syndrome indeed increases the frequency of diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in patients with OSAS. We did not observe essential clinical correlation among the degree of OSAS severity and recognition of metabolic syndrome in the MS1 or in the MS2 group.
Dynamic assignment of renewable energy tokens in a collaborative microgrids

Nowadays, electrical energy consumption and energy prices have increased. Thus, the microgrids (μGs) rely on renewable energy receive more attention from consumers. New neighborhoods opt for green philosophy where the most consumed energy comes from renewable generation. Indeed, each residence could be supplied from its own solar and wind generation or from centrally located power plant. However, the latters present many problems in efficiency and reliability. This paper proposes a new approach based on a dynamic assignment of renewable energy tokens (DARET) algorithm to add a smart behavior to μGs. The proposed algorithm allows residential μGs of a small geographic area to dynamically collaborate and share their individual green energy generation in order to supply their overall load. The sharing is dynamically updated in short-term by exchanging data, in terms of individual demands and supplies, between the consumers over wireless links.
Assertion-Driven Development: Assessing the Quality of Contracts Using Meta-Mutations

Agile development methods have gained momentum inthe last few years and, as a consequence, test-driven developmenthas become more prevalent in practice. However, test cases arenot sufficient for producing dependable software and we ratheradvocate approaches that emphasize the use of assertions orcontracts over that of test cases. Yet, writing self-checks in codehas been shown to be difficult and is itself prone to errors. Astandard technique to specify runtime properties is design-bycontract(DbC). But how can one test if the contracts themselvesare sensible and sufficient? We propose a measure to quantifythe goodness of contracts (or assertions in a broader sense). Weintroduce meta-mutations at the source code level to simulatecommon programmer errors that the self-checks are supposedto detect. We then use random mutation testing to determinea lower and upper bound on the detectable mutations andcompare these bounds with the number of mutants detected bythe contracts. Contracts are considered “good” if they detect acertain percentage of the detectable mutations.We have evaluatedour tools on Java classes with contracts specified using theJava Modeling Language (JML). We have additionally tested thecontract quality of 19 implementations, written independently bystudents, based on the same specification.