Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cable Capacitance Attack against the KLJN Secure Key Exchange

The security of the Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-(like)-noise (KLJN) key exchange system is based on the Fluctuation-Dissipation-Theorem of classical statistical physics. Similarly to quantum key distribution, in practical situations, due to the non-idealities of the building elements, there is a small information leak, which can be mitigated by privacy amplification or other techniques so that the unconditional (information theoretic) security is preserved. In this paper, the industrial cable and circuit simulator LTSPICE is used to validate the information leak due to one of the non-idealities in KLJN, the parasitic (cable) capacitance. Simulation results show that privacy amplification and/or capacitor killer (capacitance compensation) arrangements can effectively eliminate the leak.
Exploring volunteering of committed young Catholics

This article reports on a study of volunteer levels of Catholics from various World regions who attended an international youth Catholic festival. Volunteering levels, types of volunteering, reason for volunteering, Catholic group membership and pro-social values are analysed. An online survey was administered five months after the Festival to 3413 English speaking attendees, aged 15–35. Interviews were conducted with 49 people prior to attending the festival. Follow-up interviews were conducted with 36 participants shortly after the Festival. Volunteering level was related significantly to Catholic group membership and pro-social values. Those who volunteered for social concern reasons undertook more volunteer hours than who volunteered for self-oriented reasons. Results also illuminate the mechanisms through which membership of different types of Catholic groups relate to levels and type of volunteering, with those belonging to a Helping group undertaking more volunteer time than those belonging to a Religious or Social group.
Growth-Independent Regulation of CLN3mRNA Levels by Nutrients in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

ABSTRACT Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells regulate progress through the G1 phase of the cell cycle in response to nutrients, moving quickly through G1 in rich medium and slowly in poor medium. Recent work has shown that the levels of Cln3 protein, a G1 cyclin, are low in cells growing in poor medium and high in cells growing rapidly in rich medium, consistent with the previously recognized role of Cln3 in promoting passage through Start. Cln3 protein levels appear to be regulated both transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally. We have worked to define the nutrient signals that regulate CLN3 mRNA levels. We find that CLN3 mRNA levels are high during log-phase growth in glucose medium, low in postdiauxic cells growing on ethanol, and slightly lower still in cells in stationary phase. CLN3mRNA levels are induced by glucose in a process that involves transcriptional control, requires metabolism of the glucose, and is independent of the Ras-cyclic AMP pathway. CLN3 mRNA levels are also positively regulated by nitrogen sources, but phosphorus and sulfur limitation do not affect CLN3 message levels.
AFRICAN-AMERICAN IT PROFESSIONALS: DIVERSITY AND EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS CONSIDERED

While career models consist of five stages, recurring themes among AfricanAmerican IT professionals support four classes of factors that impede career advancement: systemic, career development, intrinsic, and cultural determinants. Each of these factor groups holds significant implications for employment rights. These implications stand to affect broader issues among information technology workforce career progression, performance standards, and personnel policies. This is particularly evident under conditions of ever-changing job markets and the continual need for lifelong learning. Stage models have been used to assess the career development of organizational employees. Categories of a stage career development framework were used to guide the collection of data from 30 African-American IT professionals to explore their career progression. This research sought to explore the implications of employee rights among African-American information technology professionals relative to the barriers to career advancement among this group. I used the five-stage model of Greenhaus, Callahan, and Godshalk [1] to assess career development and the work of Malos, Haynes, and Bowal [2] to evaluate employment relationships and individual rights. Specifically, I posed the question: “How can employment rights and individual rights in the context of African-American information technology professionals be evaluated or better understood? ” While barriers to women in IT careers have been investigated [3-8], distinctions of race have been largely ignored. In its May 2003 Blue Ribbon Panel on IT Diversity Report, the Information Technology Association of America determined
Blind signal separation and reverberation cancelling with active sonar data

With easily available prior knowledge, we explore a new approach for nulling of reverberation through separating active sonar data into reverberation and moving target echo. From the perspective of signal processing, the method, as outlined below, is based on active sonar data properties and the process of how reverberation is formulated. It is assumed that active sonar data can be separated into two parts that are target echo signal and reverberation. First, we generate a backward matrix from active sonar data to approximate the classical blind signal separation model. Second, after blind signal separation is performed on the backward matrix, separation is done. Third, the estimated signal with the largest kurtosis is selected as the desired target echo signal and the reverberation is cancelled at the same time. Fourth, the human hearing feature helps the process to be adaptive. The real sea experiment proves the method to be effective.
‘Le pays où on ne sait pas lire’: Literacy, Numeracy and Human Capital in the Commercial Hub of the Austrian Netherlands (1715–75)

Files of the local criminal court in Antwerp – the Hoogere Vierschaar – are used in this article to assess the evolution of literacy and numeracy in Antwerp. Both forms of human capital are habitually seen as strongly intertwined, yet our evidence shows that they were not always geared to one another. Literacy did not grow significantly in Antwerp during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, while it reached its high-water mark in other European towns. Faced by a severe economic crisis, the local government had to trim down free public education in Sunday schools, while private boarding schools (Duytsche scholen) saw their number of pupils fall abruptly as the recession impoverished a wide swath of society. Numeracy, however, followed a different course. Despite the economic crisis, people's age awareness took a huge leap forward in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries as basic arithmetic skills were bound to a more informal, everyday training. Moreover, this idea, that literacy and numeracy were not always geared to each other is buttressed by marked social and gender variations.
Uncertainty in business decisions and fuzzy games approach

We developed a decision support scheme that could be used and adapted to various business decision processes. These involve decisions that are made under uncertain situations such as business competition in the market or wage negotiation within a firm. The scheme uses game strategies and fuzzy inference concepts to effectively grasp the variables in these uncertain situations. The games are played between human and fuzzy players. The accuracy of the fuzzy rule base and the game strategies help to mitigate the adverse effects that a business may suffer from these uncertain factors We also introduced learning which enables the fuzzy player to adapt over time. We tested this scheme in different scenarios and discover that it could be an invaluable tool in the hand of entrepreneurs that are operating under uncertain and competitive business environments.
Comprehensive Gene Expression Analysis in Bipolar Disorder

Objective: To review recent findings by DNA microarray in bipolar disorder (BD). Method: A literature search was performed. Results: Comprehensive gene expression analysis in the brain, peripheral blood cells, and olfactory neuroepithelium would be a promising strategy for the research of BD. To date, alterations in glutamate receptors (GR), mitochondria-related genes, chaperone genes, oligodendrocyte genes, and markers of gamma amino butyric acidergic (GABAergic) neurons in postmortem brains are replicated by several different strategies. However, alterations in mitochondria-related genes are associated with agonal factors, sample pH, and effects of drugs. Analysis of blood cells showed altered endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and other molecular cascades. Analysis of olfactory epithelium showed altered expression of genes associated with apoptosis. Conclusions: These findings warrant that comprehensive gene expression analysis by DNA microarray will be useful to identify the molecular cascades responsible for BD.
Between freedom and commitment : the postmodern family discovered. A sociological study of typologies of family and leisure domains in the Netherlands

Abstract The family in the Netherlands is once again on the political agenda. Newspapers and television announce discussions between politicians and policymakers. Scientists however, free from the political tide, are researching families in an attempt to discover the true developments. In this paper, an account is given of research into the family, upbringing and leisure. The study was carried out for the third time in the south of the Netherlands, in the towns of Arkel and Kedichem. In 1960, the research involved the modern Western family, while in 1972 the plastic family was registered. The third study had the task of getting empirical evidence to support the new family type. The first two studies were virtually identical in set-up, whereas the third study was very different because the questions asked before proved impossible to duplicate. Moreover, the third study consisted of three main themes: general family aspects, family and upbringing, and family and leisure. The content of the paper has mainly .
Role of Adherence vs. Spreading in the Induction of Membrane‐Associated Interleukin‐1 on Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Adherence of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) to plastic has been shown to activate several PEC functions, such as tumor ceil lysis and membrane‐associated interleukin‐1 (mlL‐1) expression. Several studies have demonstrated that leukocyte adherence is dependent on divalent cations. In this study, ethylenediaminetetrascetic acid (EDTA), a known chelator of divalent cations, was used to evaluate the role of cell attachment vs. spreading in adherence‐induced mlL‐1 activity on resident C57BL/6 mouse PEC. Significant inhibition of PEC spreading on plastic and mlL‐1 expression was noted when PEC were cultured in the presence of 10 mM EDTA. However, PEC remained adherent in the presence of EDTA and were able to express mlL‐1 activity in response to a soluble stimulus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1 μg/ml. These results suggest that the divalent cation‐dependent spreading of PEC on plastic initiates or enhances the expression of mlL‐1 activity. Additionally, adhesion and LPS stimulate mlL‐1 expression by independent mechanisms.
Matrices de transición y patrones de variabilidad cognitiva

This paper emphasizes the study of cognitive variability across classification and inferential coordinations. Thirty-four children (4-years-old) participated in this study who attends six kindergartens in the city of Cali-Colombia. We used a task involving the use of up to five classification criteria. A microgenetic method was used to obtain the detailed data on the qualitative and quantitative aspects of change. To quantify changes in performance we used transition matrix (derived from Markov models). The results show three types of variability (patterns) which respond to different classification criteria and the use of different levels of inferential coordination. We conclude that the variability is the evidence of cognitive imbalances and those types of variability reflect different organizational dynamics.
COMPARISON AMONG DIFFERENT DIAGNOSTIC METHODS IN THE STUDY OF TYPE AND ACTIVITY OF CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULAR MEMBRANES IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION

Purpose: To determine interobserver and intraobserver agreement in classifying the subtypes of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and the decision of retreatment in patients affected by exudative age-related macular degeneration. Different imaging techniques were evaluated individually and compared with multiimaging. Methods: Fifty-two patients with naive CNV in age-related macular degeneration were evaluated after 3 monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab. Choroidal neovascularization subtype and activity were evaluated using spectral domain optical coherence tomography, infrared light, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). The evaluation was performed independently by 10 different retina specialists, 2 for each test. Other two operators analyzed all the information available together. Results: The interobserver k regarding the types of CNV was 0.69 for multiimaging, 0.63 for spectral domain optical coherence tomography, 0.43 for FA, and 0.46 for ICGA. The k values for interobserver for retreatment decision were 0.77 for multiimaging, 0.88 for spectral domain optical coherence tomography, 0.61 for infrared, 0.37 for fundus autofluorescence, 0.25 for FA, and 0.23 for ICGA. Fluorescein angiography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, ICGA, and infrared showed good association with multiimaging on defining CNV activity (P = 0.0003, P < 0.0001, P = 0.01, and P = 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Optical coherence tomography and infrared evaluations of CNV activity were reproducible and strongly associated with multiimaging, whereas FA and ICGA evaluations showed poor reproducibility.
Robust policy updates for stochastic optimal control

For controlling high-dimensional robots, most stochastic optimal control algorithms use approximations of the system dynamics and of the cost function (e.g., using linearizations and Taylor expansions). These approximations are typically only locally correct, which might cause instabilities in the greedy policy updates, lead to oscillations or the algorithms diverge. To overcome these drawbacks, we add a regularization term to the cost function that punishes large policy update steps in the trajectory optimization procedure. We applied this concept to the Approximate Inference Control method (AICO), where the resulting algorithm guarantees convergence for uninformative initial solutions without complex hand-tuning of learning rates. We evaluated our new algorithm on two simulated robotic platforms. A robot arm with five joints was used for reaching multiple targets while keeping the roll angle constant. On the humanoid robot Nao, we show how complex skills like reaching and balancing can be inferred from desired center of gravity or end effector coordinates.
Tourist Perceptions: Personal vs. Non-Personal

Recently, attempts have been made to clarify tourist behaviour related to heritage settings by highlighting the importance of the perception of the site. In this study, possible links between visitors' perception of a site as part of their own heritage and their classifications of the heritage presented according to spatial scale (as being local, national or world heritage) were examined. The study was conducted at Anne Frank House in Amsterdam among visitors waiting in line to enter the site. In total 208 visitors were interviewed. The results indicate that the tourists' perception of the site in relation to their own heritage differs from other classification options. In addition, it was found that tourists perceive the site as representing various combinations of personal, national, local and world heritage simultaneously. Implications for researchers and heritage site management are presented.
A locally conservative LDG method for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations

In this paper a new local discontinuous Galerkin method for the incompressible stationary Navier-Stokes equations is proposed and analyzed. Four important features render this method unique: its stability, its local conservativity, its high-order accuracy, and the exact satisfaction of the incompressibility constraint. Although the method uses completely discontinuous approximations, a globally divergence-free approximate velocity in H(div; Ω) is obtained by simple, element-by-element post-processing. Optimal error estimates are proven and an iterative procedure used to compute the approximate solution is shown to converge. This procedure is nothing but a discrete version of the classical fixed point iteration used to obtain existence and uniqueness of solutions to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations by solving a sequence of Oseen problems. Numerical results are shown which verify the theoretical rates of convergence. They also confirm the independence of the number of fixed point iterations with respect to the discretization parameters. Finally, they show that the method works well for a wide range of Reynolds numbers.
Topiramate depresses carbachol‐induced plateau potentials in subicular bursting cells

Intracellular recordings were made in an in vitro slice preparation to establish whether the antiepileptic drug topiramate reduces the depolarizing plateau potentials (PPs) induced in the rat subiculum by intracellular pulses of depolarizing current, in the presence of the cholinergic agonist carbachol (CCh, 70–100 μM). PPs lasted up to about 2 s, and disappeared during application of the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine. Topiramate (10–100 μM, n = 22 neurons) decreased and eventually abolished in a dose-dependent manner these PPs, even when the function of excitatory amino acid and GABAA receptors was blocked. Hence, topiramate depresses muscarinic receptor-dependent PPs in the rat subiculum, thus suggesting that this form of excitation may represent a target for the mechanism of action of this antiepileptic compound.
Molecular Identification of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Using PCR-RFLP

Abstract The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, as with many noctuid moths, is a serious agricultural pest in the United States. Researchers often use pheromone traps to monitor for the presence of economically important noctuid pests. Pheromone traps may attract more than one species and samples often degrade, making morphological identification of some adult noctuid species nearly impossible. A molecular diagnostics protocol using polymerase chain reaction, restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was developed in order to distinguish the fall armyworm from six other noctuid species commonly found in Arkansas. A 611-bp region of the mtDNA COI, COII genes was amplified using PCR and then sequenced. The restriction enzymes Dra I, Alu I and Nla III had specific restriction sites that distinguished the seven noctuid species. This proved to be a reliable, quick and economical technique for identifying the fall armyworm as well as six other noctuid species.
Identity, Conflict and Reputation in the University Setting: An illustrative case study

An academic department in the university sector experiencing rapid growth was plagued by structural inadequacies due to the inappropriateness of the organizational arrangements carried over from former, smaller units, and also by an identity crisis, both at personal and departmental levels, which had resulted in major inter-personal and inter-small-group conflict. This paper outlines the historical background, the micropolitics underlying the project of finding a structure that would function effectively, reduce conflict and produce a coherent group identity. Finally, a brief assessment of the success, to date, of the structure the project resulted in is given, as are hints at micropolitical and managerial undercurrents which still need to be addressed.
Preprocessing Realistic Video for Contactless Heart Rate Monitoring Using Video Magnification

This research seeks to improve the outcomes of Eulerian Video Magnification in real life scenarios. We address the core requirement in Eulerian Magnification that the person in the video be completely still. The proposed system pre-processes the video in multiple stages using subject targeting and stabilization. The resulting video is better suited to Eulerian Magnification restrictions. Our method enables the use of magnification in a variety of applications where motion is present such as monitoring the heart rate of a person using a treadmill. Stabilization, which is the core element of our research, was achieved through two methods. First, we used face tracking to generate a stabilized video with limited motion. Second, feature detection, extraction, and matching with skin selection were used to produce a stabilized video that is ready to be processed for measuring heart rate. However, skin tone and illumination in the environment adversely affected the results. Since heart rate is monitored by counting the subtle changes in skin redness related to blood flow, managing the skin's redness helps to produce more accurate results.
The organization of heterogenic reflexes among muscles crossing the ankle joint in the decerebrate cat.

1. Mechanical actions of heterogenic (intermuscular) reflexes arising from proprioceptors in flexor and extensor ankle muscles were measured in intercollicular and premammillary decerebrate cats. Length inputs were applied to the freed tendons of one of a pair of muscles crossing the ankle joint and resulting changes in force in both muscles were measured. Interactions between autogenic and heterogenic reflexes were studied by applying length changes to both muscles. 2. A consistent asymmetry was observed in the heterogenic inhibition between the single‐joint antagonists soleus and tibialis anterior (TA). Inhibition from soleus to TA was weak or absent during the reflex activation of TA. In contrast, a strong heterogenic inhibition was consistently observed from TA to soleus during the activation of soleus by a crossed‐extension reflex. The effect of this inhibition in the intact joint is to increase the apparent mechanical stiffness of soleus. 3. Mutual synergism among soleus, medial gastrocnemius (MG) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) was demonstrated only at low to moderate forces by the observation of excitatory reflexes among them. During a naturally or electrically evoked crossed‐extension reflex, however, a unidirectional inhibitory reflex from MG and LG to soleus was observed. This inhibition increased with force in MG or LG. These results suggest that the knee and ankle joints become more tightly linked mechanically at high forces since the stiffness of the biarticular gastrocnemius muscle predominates over that of the uniarticular soleus. 4. Under quiescent conditions (no resting muscle activation), mutual synergism was obeyed among the ankle extensors soleus, LG and MG and also between the pretibial flexors TA and extensor digitorum longus (EDL). Moreover, inhibition was generally observed between a pretibial flexor and an ankle extensor. Departures from this expected pattern of heterogenic reflexes occurred when the muscle groups were activated by crossed‐extension and flexion reflexes. Reflexes onto soleus, TA and EDL reversed in sign or increased in magnitude. 5. The observed patterns of reflex connectivity among the ankle flexors and extensors were similar in both intercollicular and premammillary preparations, although changes in reflex strength were sometimes noted in cases where a second, lower transection was performed during the experiment. 6. It is argued from the large magnitudes of certain heterogenic reflexes that the mechanical response properties of muscles crossing the ankle joint in the intact animal are not dominated by autogenic reflexes and intrinsic mechanical properties. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)