Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Localized, Plexiform, Diffuse, and Other Variants of Neurofibroma in 12 Dogs, 2 Horses, and a Chicken

In humans, neurofibroma and schwannoma are distinct entities within the group of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. In the veterinary literature, these tumors are often classified together simply as benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors, and diagnostic criteria for their subclassification are not well established. We describe peripheral nerve sheath tumors with microscopic, immunohistologic, and ultrastructural features similar to those in subtypes of human neurofibroma in 12 dogs, 2 horses, and 1 chicken. Dogs were of different breeds and were aged 2 months to 15 years. The canine tumors were located in the skin, peripheral nerve, tongue, and large intestine. The 2 horses were 11 and 12 years old. The equine tumors were located in the subcutis of the neck and axilla. The chicken was a mature white Leghorn chicken with an ocular neoplasm. Neurofibromas of this study had localized, plexiform, diffuse and combined plexiform and diffuse growth patterns, and microscopic features similar to those in classic, collagenous, cellular, myxoid, and pigmented neurofibromas of humans. One diffuse neurofibroma contained areas of schwannian differentiation (hybrid neurofibroma-schwannoma). Two plexiform neurofibromas occurred together with diffuse ganglioneuromatosis in the large intestine of young dogs, as has also been reported in humans. This investigation shows the existence of identical subtypes of neurofibroma in animals and humans and identifies similarities in tumor location and patient age between animals and humans. This report will allow a more discriminating classification of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors and probably has a bearing on epidemiology, pathogenesis and prognosis.
Low Levels of Circulating Estrogen Sensitize PTEN-Null Endometrial Tumors to PARP Inhibition In Vivo

Earlier in vitro work demonstrated that PARP inhibition induces cell death in PTEN-null endometrial cancer cell lines, but the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of these agents against endometrial cancer remains unknown. Here, we test the efficacy of AZD2281 (olaparib), an oral PARP inhibitor, in the therapy of PTEN-null endometrial tumors in a preclinical endometrial cancer mouse model. Primary endometrial tumors were generated by epithelial loss of PTEN using an in vivo model. This model recapitulates epithelial-specific loss of PTEN seen in human tumors, and histologically resembles endometrioid carcinomas, the predominant subtype of human endometrial cancers. Olaparib was administered orally to tumor-bearing mice in two hormonal extremes: high or low estrogen. Olaparib treatment achieved a significant reduction in tumor size in a low estrogenic milieu. In striking contrast, no response to olaparib was seen in tumors exposed to high levels of estrogen. Two key observations were made when estrogen levels were dropped: (i) the serum concentration of olaparib was significantly increased, resulting in sustained PARP inhibition at the tumor bed; and (ii) the homologous recombination pathway was compromised, as evidenced by decreased Rad51 protein expression and function. These two mechanisms may account for the sensitization of PTEN-null tumors to olaparib with estrogen deprivation. Results of this preclinical trial suggest that orally administered PARP inhibitors in a low estrogenic hormonal milieu can effectively target PTEN-null endometrial tumors. Extension of this work to clinical trials could personalize the therapy of women afflicted with advanced endometrial cancer using well-tolerated orally administered therapeutic agents. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(12); 2917–28. ©2013 AACR.
A BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM BASED ON THE FUSION OF HAND AND PALM FEATURES

This paper describes the design and development of a prototype system for the automatic identification of an individual based on the fusion of palm and hand geometry features. Information fusion at the feature extraction and at the confidence level, where the matching scores reported by three matchers are combined, is discussed. After training with the template files of 50 persons, the system was tested with the template files of 61 persons not “seen” during the training phase. The test performance, FAR = 0.0 % and FRR = 1.7 %, suggests that the system can be used in medium/high security Internet environments.
Embodied social interaction for robots

A key aspect of service robotics for everyday use is the motion of systems in close proximity to humans. It is here essential that the robot exhibits a behaviour that signals safe motion and awareness of the other actors in its environment. To facilitate this there is a need to endow the system with facilities for detection and tracking of objects in the vicinity of the platform, and to design a control law that enables motion generation which is considered socially acceptable. We present a system for in-door navigation in which the rules of proxemics are used to define interaction strategies for the platform.
factor-1 receptor and ERBB2 receptor signaling Self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells requires insulin-like growth

doi:10.1182/blood-2007-03-082586Prepublished online August 29, 2007;2007 110: 4111-4119€€€€Rao, C. Anthony Blau and Allan J. RobinsMcLean, Maria J. Galeano, Elizabeth W. Uhl, Kevin A. D'Amour, Jonathan D. Chesnut, Mahendra S.Nelson, Carol B. Ware, Mei Zhan, Chao-Zhong Song, Xiaoji Chen, Sandii N. Brimble, Amanda Linlin Wang, Thomas C. Schulz, Eric S. Sherrer, Derek S. Dauphin, Soojung Shin, Angelique M. €
Effectiveness of Neuromotor Task Training for Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Pilot Study

The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Neuromotor Task Training (NTT), recently developed for the treatment of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) by pediatric physical therapists in the Netherlands. NTT is a task-oriented treatment program based upon recent insights from motor control and motor learning research. Ten children with DCD (intervention group) were tested before and after 9 and 18 treatment sessions on the Movement ABC and a dysgraphia scale in order to measure the effectiveness of treatment on gross and fine motor skills in general and handwriting in particular. Five children (no-treatment control group) were tested twice with a time lag of nine weeks on the Movement ABC in order to measure spontaneous improvement. No improvement was measured for the children in the notreatment control group, whereas a significant improvement was found for children in the intervention group for both quality of handwriting and performance on the Movement ABC after 18 treatment sessions.
Overcoming Macrophage-Mediated Axonal Dieback Following CNS Injury

Trauma to the adult CNS initiates multiple processes including primary and secondary axotomy, inflammation, and glial scar formation that have devastating effects on neuronal regeneration. After spinal cord injury, the infiltration of phagocytic macrophages coincides with long-distance axonal retraction from the initial site of injury, a deleterious phenomenon known as axonal dieback. We have previously shown that activated macrophages directly induce long-distance retraction of dystrophic axons in an in vitro model of the glial scar. We hypothesized that treatments that are primarily thought to increase neuronal regeneration following spinal cord injury may in fact derive a portion of their beneficial effects from inhibition of macrophage-mediated axonal retraction. We analyzed the effects of protease inhibition, substrate modification, and neuronal preconditioning on macrophage-axon interactions using our established in vitro model. General inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases and specific inhibition of MMP-9 prevented macrophage-induced axonal retraction despite significant physical interactions between the two cell types, whereas inhibition of MMP-2 had no effect. Chondroitinase ABC-mediated digestion of the aggrecan substrate also prevented macrophage-induced axonal retraction in the presence of extensive macrophage-axon interactions. The use of a conditioning lesion to stimulate intrinsic neuronal growth potential in the absence of substrate modification likewise prevented macrophage-induced axonal retraction in vitro and in vivo following spinal cord injury. These data provide valuable insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage-mediated axonal retraction and demonstrate modifications that can alleviate the detrimental effects of this unfavorable phenomenon on the postlesion CNS.
Altitude Robust Control of a Quad rotor aircraft using Integral Sliding Mode controller

As we know, sliding mode control methodology is one of the robust control technique to handle systems with model uncertainties, parameter variations and external disturbances. In this paper, a robust altitude control scheme is proposed for a nonlinear quad-rotor aircraft system based on sliding mode controller with an integral action to eliminate the steady-state error effect. The proposed sliding mode controller is chosen to improve the stability and robustness of overall z-dynamics during the altitude control at a desired height. The stability of the system is guaranteed via Lyapunov stability theory. A suitable sliding manifold is designed to achieve the control objective. At last, the theoretical results are supported by different simulation tests to verify the satisfactory performance of proposed robust control scheme under external disturbances applied to autonomous quad-rotor aircraft. Keywords—Sliding mode, Robust control, Integral action in Sliding mode, Quadrotor aircraft stabilization, steady-state error.
What Drives Movements in the Unemployment Rate ? A Decomposition of the Beveridge Curve

This paper presents a framework to interpret movements in the Beveridge curve and analyze unemployment uctuations. We decompose the unemployment rate into three main components: (1) a component driven by changes in labor demand movements along the Beveridge curve and shifts in the Beveridge curve due to layo¤s(2) a component driven by changes in labor supply  shifts in the Beveridge curve due to quits, movements inand-out of the labor force and demographicsand (3) a component driven by changes in the e¢ ciency of matching unemployed workers to jobs. We nd that cyclical movements in unemployment are dominated by changes in labor demand, but that changes in labor supply due to movements in-and-out of the labor force also play an important role. Further, cyclical changes in labor demand lead cyclical changes in labor supply. Changes in matching e¢ ciency generally play a small role but can decline substantially in recessions. At lowfrequencies, labor demand displays no trend, and changes in labor supply explain virtually all of the secular trend in unemployment since 1976. JEL classi cations: J6, E24, E32 We would like to thank Alessia Campolmi, Shigeru Fujita, Bart Hobijn, Chris Nekarda, Rob Valletta and seminar participants at the Chicago Fed, the National Bank of Hungary, the New York Fed and the San Francisco Fed. The views expressed here do not necessarily reect those of the Federal Reserve Board or of the Federal Reserve System. Any errors are our own.
A Comparison Based Clustering Algorithm to Counter SSDF Attack in CWSN

Cognitive Wireless Sensor Networks follow IEEE 802.22 standard which is based on the concept of cognitive radio. In this paper we have studied the Denial of Service (DOS) attack. Spectrum Sensing Data Falsification (SSDF) attack is one such type of DOS attack. In this attack the attackers modify the sensing report in order to compel the Secondary User (SU) to take a wrong decision regarding the vacant spectrum band in other's network. In this paper we have proposed a similarity-based clustering of sensing data to counter the above attack.
Multi-Season Regional Analysis of Multi-Species Occupancy: Implications for Bird Conservation in Agricultural Lands in East-Central Argentina

Rapid expansion and intensification of agriculture create challenges for the conservation of biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. In Argentina, the total row crop planted area has increased in recent decades with the expansion of soybean cultivation, homogenizing the landscape. In 2003 we started the first long-term, large-scale bird monitoring program in agroecosystems of central Argentina, in portions of the Pampas and Espinal ecoregions. Using data from this program, we evaluated the effect of land use and cover extent on birds between 2003-2012, accounting for imperfect detection probabilities using a Bayesian hierarchical, multi-species and multi-season occupancy model. We tested predictions that species diversity is positively related to habitat heterogeneity, which in intensified agroecosystems is thought to be mediated by food availability; thus the extent of land use and cover is predicted to affect foraging guilds differently. We also infer about ecosystem services provisioning and inform management recommendations for conservation of birds. Overall our results support the predictions. Although many species within each guild responded differently to land use and native forest cover, we identified generalities for most trophic guilds. For example, granivorous gleaners, ground insectivores and omnivores responded negatively to high proportions of soybean, while insectivore gleaners and aerial foragers seemed more tolerant. Habitat heterogeneity would likely benefit most species in an intensified agroecosystem, and can be achieved with a diversity of crops, pastures, and natural areas within the landscape. Although most studied species are insectivores, potentially beneficial for pest control, some guilds such as ground insectivores are poorly represented, suggesting that agricultural intensification reduces ecological functions, which may be recovered through management. Continuation of the bird monitoring program will allow us to continue to inform for conservation of birds in agroecosystems, identify research needed to reduce key uncertainties, and anticipate the effects of changes in agriculture in central Argentina.
Training changes processing of speech cues in older adults with hearing loss

Aging results in a loss of sensory function, and the effects of hearing impairment can be especially devastating due to reduced communication ability. Older adults with hearing loss report that speech, especially in noisy backgrounds, is uncomfortably loud yet unclear. Hearing loss results in an unbalanced neural representation of speech: the slowly-varying envelope is enhanced, dominating representation in the auditory pathway and perceptual salience at the cost of the rapidly-varying fine structure. We hypothesized that older adults with hearing loss can be trained to compensate for these changes in central auditory processing through directed attention to behaviorally-relevant speech sounds. To that end, we evaluated the effects of auditory-cognitive training in older adults (ages 55–79) with normal hearing and hearing loss. After training, the auditory training group with hearing loss experienced a reduction in the neural representation of the speech envelope presented in noise, approaching levels observed in normal hearing older adults. No changes were noted in the control group. Importantly, changes in speech processing were accompanied by improvements in speech perception. Thus, central processing deficits associated with hearing loss may be partially remediated with training, resulting in real-life benefits for everyday communication.
A MIV-150/Zinc Acetate Gel Inhibits SHIV-RT Infection in Macaque Vaginal Explants

To extend our observations that single or repeated application of a gel containing the NNRTI MIV-150 (M) and zinc acetate dihydrate (ZA) in carrageenan (CG) (MZC) inhibits vaginal transmission of simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-RT in macaques, we evaluated safety and anti-SHIV-RT activity of MZC and related gel formulations ex vivo in macaque mucosal explants. In addition, safety was further evaluated in human ectocervical explants. The gels did not induce mucosal toxicity. A single ex vivo exposure to diluted MZC (1∶30, 1∶100) and MC (1∶30, the only dilution tested), but not to ZC gel, up to 4 days prior to viral challenge, significantly inhibited SHIV-RT infection in macaque vaginal mucosa. MZC's activity was not affected by seminal plasma. The antiviral activity of unformulated MIV-150 was not enhanced in the presence of ZA, suggesting that the antiviral activity of MZC was mediated predominantly by MIV-150. In vivo administration of MZC and CG significantly inhibited ex vivo SHIV-RT infection (51–62% inhibition relative to baselines) of vaginal (but not cervical) mucosa collected 24 h post last gel exposure, indicating barrier effect of CG. Although the inhibitory effect of MZC (65–74%) did not significantly differ from CG (32–45%), it was within the range of protection (∼75%) against vaginal SHIV-RT challenge 24 h after gel dosing. Overall, the data suggest that evaluation of candidate microbicides in macaque explants can inform macaque efficacy and clinical studies design. The data support advancing MZC gel for clinical evaluation.
ERG Rearrangement as a Clonal Expansion Marker for Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed neoplasia and the second most frequent cause of cancer specific death in men in the western civilization. The recent discovery and subsequent characterization of recurrent gene rearrangements of ETS genes - most frequently ERG - in the majority of prostate cancers is a milestone in translational prostate cancer research. In this review we summarize the latest findings on the ERG rearrangement in prostate cancer. In particular, we focused on the relevance of the ERG rearrangement as a marker to elucidate the heterogeneity of prostate cancer, a finding which until recently has been difficult to study. Furthermore, since prostate cancer is a multifocal disease in the majority of cases and it is still poorly understood which tumor focus is responsible for metastasis, we explicate the application of the ERG rearrangement as a prostate cancer specific clonal expansion marker.
A Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization with Affine Transformation Approach for Cloud Free Multi-Temporal Image Registration

An image registration is the major part of the image categorization and cluster formation in multi temporal image processing. The images are affected by the different factors such as cloud shadow, water level, building shadows etc. In this paper, an enhanced registration process and the cloud removal technique is proposed for image enhancement. The Daemons, Combined Registration and Segmentation (CRS) approach, Markov Random Field (MRF) approach and Mutual Information (MI) based approaches results in more computational complexity, minimum edge preservation measure (QAB/F) and Mutual Information in image registration. In order to maximize the quality of edge preservation measure and MI with minimum computational time, this paper proposes Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based affine transformation technique. The proposed techniques measure and compare the computation time against the number of pixels of an image with the existing methods of CRS and MRF for the number of images. The comparative analysis of QAB/F and MI with the traditional methods of Clock Point –Least Square (CP-LS) and the Multi-Focus Image Fusion (MFIF) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is presented to confirm the effective performance. The simulation results of the proposed transformation for registration process confirms the effective image registration in the multi-temporal image processing.
Improving Accuracy of Authentication Process via Short Free Text using Bayesian Network

The internet security problems are a crucial threat to all users in the cyber world. One of the important problems about internet security concerned with user classification and authentication. However, there are multiple components to classify and authenticate users. The first one is using username/password and the second method is OTP or Token. This paper presents a novel method which cans Classify User via Short-text and IP Model (CUSIM) to grant or reject a user in authentication. CUSIM is a Bayesian network model which utilizes the Bayesian Inference to authenticate the user. The objective of this paper is to use the model based on conditional independent with the prior knowledge, i.e. Keystroke dynamics, location used to connect to the internet, and IP address. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the probability of incorrect authentication and use an algorithm of machine learning to test the efficiency and find out the accuracy, FAR, and FRR. The model results gave better value of accuracy, FAR, and FRR.
On the Analysis of 3-Subdivision Schemes

The paper deals with the theoretical investigation of p 3? subdivision schemes in the shift-invariant setting. In Section 2 we collect the available theory on reen-able functions (subdivision surfaces), with emphasis on their Sobolev and HH older smoothness. There we also discuss the computational tools and Matlab routines used for numerically estimating smoothness exponents. Families of interpolatory and approximating p 3? subdivision schemes are investigated in Section 3. Some face-based p 3? subdivision schemes which are related to vector-valued reenable functions are also analyzed.
Brazos : A Third Generation DSM System 0

Brazos is a third generation distributed shared memory (DSM) system designed for x86 machines running Microsoft Windows NT 4.0. Brazos is unique among existing systems in its use of selecti v multicast, a software-only implementation of scope consistency, and several adaptive runtime performance tuning mechanisms. The Brazos runtime system is multithreaded, allowing the overlap of computation with the long communication latencies typically associated with software DSM systems. Brazos also supports multithreaded user-code execution, allowing programs to take advantage of the local tightly-coupled shared memory available o n multiprocessor PC servers, while transparently interacting with remote “virtual” shared memory. Brazos currently runs on a cluster of Compaq Proliant 1500 multiprocessor servers connected by a 100 Mbps FastEthernet. This paper describes the Brazos design and implementation, and compares its performance running five scientific applications to the performance of Solaris and Windows NT implementations of the TreadMarks DSM system running on the same hardware.
Negative effects of density on space use of small mammals differ with the phase of the masting‐induced population cycle

Abstract Home range size generally decreases with increasing population density, but testing how this relationship is influenced by other factors (e.g., food availability, kin structure) is a difficult task. We used spatially explicit capture–recapture models to examine how home range size varies with population density in the yellow‐necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis). The relationship between population density and home range size was studied at two distinct phases of population fluctuations induced by beech (Fagus sylvatica) masting: post‐mast peak in abundance (first summer after mast, n = 2) and subsequent crash (second summer after mast, n = 2). We live‐trapped mice from June to September to avoid the confounding effects of autumn seedfall on home range size. In accordance with general predictions, we found that home range size was negatively associated with population density. However, after controlling for the effect of density, home ranges of mice were larger in post‐mast years than during the crash phase. This indicates a higher spatial overlap among neighbors in post‐mast years. We suggest that the increased spatial overlap is caused by negative density‐dependent dispersal that leads to high relatedness of individuals within population in the peak phase of the cycle.