Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accelerating 3D-FFT Using Hard Embedded Blocks in FPGAs

Three dimensional Fast Fourier Transform (3D-FFT) is popularly used in many scientific applications in various domains like image processing, bioinformatics and molecular dynamics. Typically 3D-FFT computation takes significant part of the execution time of these applications. In order to speedup these applications, it becomes necessary to accelerate 3D-FFT computation. 3D-FFT can be accelerated using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based accelerators. But speedup always may not be possible as FPGAs run at slower clock frequency vis-a-vis processors and the resources available in an FPGA device might not be sufficient for the implementation of a sufficient number of copies of the processing elements to compensate for the loss of clock frequency. FPGAs with heterogeneous mix of coarse grained hard blocks along with programmable soft logic, can facilitate implementing a much larger number of processing elements and thus achieve much higher speedups. Modern FPGAs do consist of different heterogeneous hard embedded blocks (HEBs) like multipliers, DSP blocks and memory units. It is easy to predict that many more such hard blocks will be embedded into future FPGAs. The evaluation approach to identify and incorporate HEBs is complex as there are many parameters and constraints like area, granularity routing resources, etc. that need to be considered in an integrated manner to get an efficient implementation. In this paper we show acceleration of 3D-FFT using future fabrics incorporating HEBs. By using these fabrics we show speedups of upto 1900x for 2048 point FFT. We also present an evaluation methodology to design future FPGA fabrics incorporating accelerators as hard embedded blocks. This methodology will be useful for i selection of blocks to be embedded into the fabric and ii evaluating the performance gain that can be achieved by such an embedding.
Inactive power compensator: Modeling and control

The power quality of electrical-power-distribution systems has become a serious concern affecting the sustainability of the electricity supply in industrialized countries. Reactive power affects to the efficiency of these systems and, moreover, it can yield over-voltages in electric transformers which reduce the power quality. Harmonic currents increase losses, deteriorate the quality of the voltage waveform, produce extra neutral current, mislead metering devices, and may cause resonance and interferences. Basic device for control of electrical energy streams of the capacitive energy storage element is the semiconductor based controller for shunt active power filter and STATCOM (Inactive power compensator) based on a pulse width modulation (PWM) dc-to-ac voltage source converter. The inactive power controller is mainly tailored to compensate reactive power and high harmonic currents of nonlinear loads connected to the mains. The control system has been developed for management of the device using microcontroller, allowing to provide high quality regulations and adaptability to changing external conditions. abc-dq transformation is realized in mathematical model of inactive power compensator in programme Simulink.
ATOM: Ontology Aware Transportation Model

The freely available transportation data in different Open Data portals contains both spatially and temporally related features. However, the data providers publish this data following a different set of standards, use numerous formats, language, and schema. These variations create complication while integrating multiple datasets into one place to create knowledge. This further creates a hindrance to cater the need of a wider set of audience for the decision-making process. In this paper, we propose ATOM, an ontology for diversified transportation data which is based on INSPIRE and GTFS standards and is flexible for data integration and is further aligned with an upper-level ontology.
Learning fuzzy concept definitions

The symbolic approach to machine learning has developed algorithms for learning first-order logic concept definitions. Nevertheless, most of them are limited because of their inability to cope with numeric features, typical of real-world data. A method to overcome this problem is proposed. In particular, an extended version of the system ML-SMART is described, which is capable of automatically adjusting the values of fuzzy sets used to define the semantics of the predicates in the concept description language. The learning strategy works in two separate phases. In the first phase, the structure of the concept definition is learned by choosing tentative values for the fuzzy sets. In the second phase, the values are refined using a simple genetic algorithm by trying to get closer to an optimum assignment. The system is evaluated on a complex artificial domain that shows the good potentialities of this approach. <<ETX>>
The influence of eutrophication and population biomass on common whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) growth : the Lake Constance example revisited

Accelerated growth of freshwater fish during anthropogenic eutrophication has been attributed almost exclu- sively to the increased nutrient content, while density-dependent effects have been largely neglected. We evaluated the relative importance of these factors by studying the growth of 43 consecutive year classes of common whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) from Upper Lake Constance. This prealpine lake underwent eutrophication from the 1950s to 1970s, followed by reoligotrophication. Because whitefish are harvested with gill nets in a strongly size-selective way, we used back-calculated lengths of average fast-growing fish to compare growth among cohorts. Standing stock bio- mass was estimated based upon virtual year-class strengths. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that growth of whitefish during their second year was most strongly related to standing stock biomass followed by PO4-P content dur- ing spring turnover and by calendar year, which was incorporated as a third independent variable (adjusted R 2 = 0.84). The negative correlation between whitefish growth rate and calendar year is interpreted as evidence of an evolutionary response to the highly size-selective fishery during at least four decades. We conclude that density-dependent effects on whitefish growth are more important than had been realized previously and that the impact of eutrophication on growth of whitefish needs to be reconsidered.
A Diary Study on Combining Multiple Information Devices in Everyday Activities and Tasks

As people possess increasing numbers of information devices, situations where several devices are combined and used together have become more common. We present a user study on people's current practices in combining multiple information devices in their everyday lives, ranging from pragmatic tasks to leisure activities. Based on diaries and interviews of 14 participants, we characterize the usage practices of the most common devices, including smartphones, computers, tablets, and home media centers. We analyze 123 real-life multi-device use cases and identify the main usage patterns, including Sequential Use, Resource Lending, Related Parallel Use, and Unrelated Parallel Use. We discuss the practical challenges of using several information devices together. Finally, we identify three levels of decisions that determine which devices are used in a particular situation, including acquiring, making available, and selecting the devices for use.
The relational activation of resilience model: How leadership activates resilience in an organizational crisis

We proposed the Relational Activation of Resilience model to explain how leaders could utilize relationships to activate resilience during crisis and illustrated it using an abbreviated case study of Tan Tock Seng Hospital during the severe acute respiratory syndrome crisis in Singapore in 2003. Early signs of the crisis were recognized by organizational leaders, who then ushered liminality—a period when routines were disrupted, and new relational connections were made to allow members to adjust psychologically, emotionally, and socially, to activate resilience. Within the liminal period, leaders influenced the formation of new connections through mutual and swift trust and utilized these networks to enable collective meaning‐making and sensemaking. In addition, leaders communicated mindfully via these networks to promote positive emotional connections among members. These leadership tasks resulted in the formation of relational networks that could serve as social, emotional, and cognitive resources for organizational resilience.
A grid-based system for microbial genome comparison and analysis

Genome comparison and analysis can reveal the structures and junctions of genome sequences of different species. As more genomes are sequenced, genomic data sources are rapidly increasing such that their analysis is beyond the processing capabilities of most research institutes. The grid is a powerful solution to support large-scale genomic data processing and genome analysis. This paper presents the Microbase project that is developing a grid-based system for genome comparison and analysis, and discusses the first implementation of the system (called MicrobaseLite). MicrobaseLite uses a scalable computing environment to support computationally intensive microbial genome comparison and analysis, employing state-of-the-art technologies of Web services, notification, comparative genomics and parallel computing. Microbase will support not only system-defined genome comparison and analysis but also user-defined, remotely conceived genome analysis.
Vulnerability of Networks Against Critical Link Failures

Networks are known to be prone to link failures. In this paper we set out to investigate how networks of varying connectivity patterns respond to different link failure schemes in terms of connectivity, clustering coefficient and shortest path lengths. We then propose a measure, which we call the vulnerability of a network, for evaluating the extent of the damage these failures can cause. Accepting the disconnections of node pairs as a damage indicator, vulnerability simply represents how quickly the failure of the critical links cause the network to undergo a specified damage extent. Analyzing the vulnerabilities under varying damage specifications shows that scale free networks are relatively more vulnerable for small failures, but more efficient; whereas Erd\"os-R\'enyi networks are the least vulnerable despite lacking any clustered structure.
Asian American Social Media Use: From Cyber Dependence and Cyber Harassment to Saving Face

Nationally representative studies have found significant racial differences in social media use; however, most of these investigations do not disaggregate Asian American findings due to the relatively small proportion of Asian Americans in representative samples. Most purposive studies specifically about Asian social media use have been conducted in Asian countries and have used primarily quantitative methods. Using a sequential explanatory mixed-method design, we analyze data from a large (N = 1,872) purposive online survey of adolescents and emerging adults aged 18–25 years old and follow-up interviews with 24 adult Asian American women. This is the first study of its kind to examine the relative prevalence of social media behaviors across racial/ethnic groups with Asian Americans disaggregated as a unique subgroup and as the racial group of reference. It provides more descriptive and detailed accounts of how, when, and why cyber dependence, cyber harassment, and saving face/impression management behaviors occur within Asian American women’s social networking communities. We discuss the overarching themes of maintenance of privacy and limiting loss of face, avoiding stigma related to negative emotional states, and personal conceptualizations of cyber harassment. Finally, we provide practical suggestions for clinical practitioners and future directions for social media use and racial/ethnic disparities.
Some Experiences on Rigid and Flexible Rotors in Induction Motors Driving Critical Equipment in Petroleum and Chemical Plants

In this paper, the definitions of rigid and flexible rotors, the rotor-dynamic analysis procedure, and the design criteria defined in the American Petroleum Institute (API) standard 541 are reviewed and compared to API 684. The definition of the quasi-flexible rotor is introduced, as it is not covered by the standards. The influence on critical speeds and response to unbalance of the parameters in the rotor-bearing system including foundation stiffness, bearing-support-structure stiffness, bearing-oil-film characteristics, and shaft design are analyzed for each type of rotor. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of rotor manufacturing, initial cost, maintenance, and possible site problems are also analyzed. Numerical results and test data are presented as study cases. The conclusion shows that it is important to know the operation conditions of the machine, specifically the operating-speed range and how the machine will be installed in order to select the most economical and reliable design for the particular case. If the machine will be constant speed, the question is less complex. The conclusion confirms that, in general, low-speed induction machines using standard plain cylindrical bearings and slower (up to 7000 kW) four-pole and high-speed (below 1000 kW) two-pole machines are well suited for rigid rotor design. Larger machines, particularly two-pole, are more practical to design as a flexible rotor. Adjustable-speed-drive machines introduce special concerns for the operation of flexible rotors when there is a critical speed in the operating range. Several design solutions are presented and discussed in terms of initial cost, maintenance, and performance.
CCD photometry of distant open clusters NGC 2425, Haffner 10 and Czernik 29

We present BVI photometry for the poorly known southern hemisphere open clusters NGC 2425, Haffner 10 and Czernik 29. We have calculated the density profile and established the number of stars in each cluster. The colour-magnitude diagrams of the objects show a well-defined main sequence. However, the red giant clump is present only in NGC 2425 and Haffner 10. For these two clusters we estimated the age as 2.5 ± 0.5 Gyr, assuming a metallicity of Z = 0.008. The apparent distance moduli are in the ranges 13.2 < (m - M) v < 13.6 and 14.3'< (m - M) v < 14.7, while the heliocentric distances are estimated to be 2.9 < d < 3.8 kpc and 3.1 < d < 4.3 kpc for NGC 2425 and Haffner 10, respectively. The angular separation of 2°4 (150 pc at mean distance) may indicate a common origin of the two clusters.
Multi-beam laser micromanipulation of microtool by integrated optical tweezers

In noncontact cell manipulation with optical tweezers, we need to use microtools to avoid damages to the cells by direct laser irradiation. When we manipulate complex structures such as microtools, a multi-beam optical tweezers which can manipulate multiple objects is suitable; however manipulation speed or trapping number are not so good. Therefore, we developed an integrated optical tweezers by using time-shared scanning method for high speed manipulation and generalized phase contrast method for a lot of trapping. Then, we proposed cell manipulation method which suits for the integrated optical tweezers and then we designed the shape of microtools made of SU-8. A new fabrication method of SU-8 microtools was proposed to improve productivity. At last, we made the experiment system and the effectiveness of proposed methods was confirmed.
Automatic oil spill detection in TerraSAR-X data using multi-contextual Markov modeling on irregular graphs

This paper describes the workflow of an automatic near-real time oil spill detection approach using single-polarized high resolution X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar satellite data. Dark formations on the water surface are classified in a completely unsupervised way using an automatic tile-based thresholding procedure. The derived global threshold value is used for the initialization of a hybrid multi-contextual Markov image model which integrates scale-dependent and spatial contextual information on irregular hierarchical graph structures into the segment-based labeling process of slick-covered and slick-free water surfaces. Experimental investigations performed on TerraSAR-X ScanSAR data acquired during large-scale oil pollutions in the Gulf of Mexico in May 2010 confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method with respect to accuracy and computational effort.
Risk and Recovery: Understanding Flood Risk Perceptions in a Postdisaster City—The Case of New Orleans

ABSTRACT Flood hazards are a serious and growing threat to the health and welfare of residents in cities and rural areas around the world. This cross-sectional study uses a sample of 383 residents living in seven New Orleans, Louisiana, neighborhoods to examine the effect of experiential, sociodemographic, and socioeconomic factors on flood risk perceptions. Findings suggest that respondents judge the level of flood risk to be lower than other types of risk. Results from ordinal logistic regression analyses show that flood risk perception is influenced by flood experience, income, race, gender, homeownership status, and years residing in New Orleans. Our findings support extant scholarship showing that African Americans tend to have higher perceptions of risk than whites and that low-income people and women have higher risk perceptions than higher income residents and men. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings for risk management planning in coastal cities like New Orleans that face omnipresent flood threats associated with climate-change-driven sea level rise and increased frequency and destructiveness of storms.
F-Transform As a First Step Towards a General Approach to Data Processing and Data Fusion

In data fusion, we have several approximations to the desired objects, and we need to fuse them into a single – more accurate – approximation. In the traditional approach to data fusion, we usually assume that all the given approximations were obtained by minimizing the same distance function – most frequently, the Euclidean (L) distance. In practice, however, we sometimes need to use approximations corresponding to different distance functions. To handle such situations, a new more general approach to data processing and data fusion is needed. In this paper, we show that the simplest cases of such new situations lead to F-transform. Thus, F-transform can be viewed as a first step to such a general approach. From this viewpoint, we explain the formulas for the inverse F-transform, formulas which are empirically successful but which look somewhat strange from the viewpoint of the traditional approximation theory. 1 Traditional Approach to Data Processing and Data Fusion: Description and Limitations What is data processing: a brief reminder. In many practical situations, we need to extract the information about the objects of interest from the measurement results. The process of such extraction is known as data processing. In some situations, we are interested in the numerical characteristics: e.g., we are interested in the distance to a faraway star or in the amount of oil in a given oil field. In other situations, we are interested in a function; for example: • we want to reconstruct the signal x(t), i.e., to find out how the amplitude x changed with time;
Effects of Nostalgic Advertising Through Emotions and the Intensity of the Evoked Mental Images

In this paper we analyze effects of nostalgic versus nonnostalgic advertising through elicited emotions and the intensity of evoked mental images on consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions. In addition, we examine if imagery instructions are helpful in the context of nostalgic advertising. We conducted two empirical studies to examine these processes. Our results show that nostalgic advertisements evoke more positive emotions and more intensive mental images than non-nostalgic advertisements which in turn affect consumers’ attitudes toward the ad and toward the product and their purchase intentions.
Accessibility, Demography and Protection: Drivers of Forest Stability and Change at Multiple Scales in the Cauvery Basin, India

The Cauvery basin of Karnataka State encompasses a range of land cover types, from dense forest areas and plantations in the Western Ghats hills, to fertile agricultural lands in the river valley. Recent demographic changes, rapid economic development and urbanization have led to the conversion of vast stretches of forested land into plantations and permanent agriculture. We examine the human drivers of forest cover change between 2001 and 2006, using MODIS 250 m data at multiple spatial scales of nested administrative units i.e., districts and taluks. Population density does not emerge as a major driver of forest distribution or deforestation. Protected areas and landscape accessibility play a major role in driving the distribution of stable forest cover at different spatial scales. The availability of forested land for further clearing emerges as a major factor impacting the distribution of deforestation, with new deforestation taking place in regions with challenging topography. This research highlights the importance of using a regional approach to study land cover change, and indicates that the drivers of forest change may be very different in long settled landscapes, for which little is known in comparison to frontier forests.
Essays Exploring Urban Violence

Despite continued interest in understanding the problem of urban violence in the United States, fundamental scholarly and policy-relevant questions remain regarding the nature of urban violence, its consequences, and the effectiveness of social policy efforts aimed at reducing the harms it causes. This dissertation consists of three papers that address each of these questions. The first paper—developed from collaborative research with Anthony Braga, Tracey Shollenberger, and Christopher Winship—uses quasi-experimental methods to assess the effectiveness of a gang outreach and mediation “streetworker” program in Boston. The second paper turns its focus to the primary tool used in the creation of serious urban violence—the firearm—and makes use of both quantitative and qualitative data to shed light on handgun access and use among those embedded in social networks where gun violence is common. The third paper examines the consequences of exposure to concentrated homicide within a social network of young men that have experienced the deaths of a large number of friends and peers. I close this dissertation by briefly discussing the overarching findings of these papers and their import for social theory and policy.