Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of thyroid dysfunction following initiation of amiodarone treatment in patients with and without heart failure: a nationwide cohort study

Abstract Aims Thyroid dysfunction is considered the most frequent complication to amiodarone treatment, but data on its occurrence outside clinical trials are sparse. The present study aimed to examine the incidence of thyroid dysfunction following initiation of amiodarone treatment in a nationwide cohort of patients with and without heart failure (HF). Methods and results In Danish registries, we identified all patients with first-time amiodarone treatment during the period 2000–18, without prior thyroid disease or medication. The primary outcome was a composite of thyroid diagnoses and initiation of thyroid drugs. Outcomes were assessed at 1-year follow-up, and for patients free of events in the first year, in a landmark analysis for the subsequent 5 years. We included 43 724 patients with first-time amiodarone treatment, of whom 16 939 (38%) had HF. At 1-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence and adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of the primary outcome were 5.3% and 1.37 (95% confidence interval 1.25–1.50) in patients with a history of HF and 4.2% in those without HF (reference). In the 1-year landmark analysis, the subsequent 5-year cumulative incidences and adjusted HRs of the primary outcome were 5.3% (reference) in patients with 1-year accumulated dose <27.38 g [corresponding to average daily dose (ADD <75 mg)], 14.0% and HR 2.74 (2.46–3.05) for 27.38–45.63 g (ADD 75–125 mg), 20.0% and HR 4.16 (3.77–4.59) for 45.64–63.88 g (ADD 126–175 mg), and 24.5% and HR 5.30 (4.82–5.90) for >63.88 g (ADD >175 mg). Conclusion Among patients who initiated amiodarone treatment, around 5% had thyroid dysfunction at 1-year follow-up, with a slightly higher incidence in those with HF. A dose–response relationship was observed between the 1-year accumulated amiodarone dose and the subsequent 5-year cumulative incidence of thyroid dysfunction.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Genes and Pathways Associated with Salt Tolerance during Seed Germination in Suaeda liaotungensis

Seed germination is susceptible to external environmental factors, especially salt stress. Suaeda liaotungensis is a halophyte with strong salt tolerance, and the germination rate of brown seeds under 1000 mM NaCl treatment still reached 28.9%. To explore the mechanism of salt stress response during brown seed germination in Suaeda liaotungensis, we conducted transcriptomic analysis on the dry seeds (SlD), germinated seeds under the control condition (SlG_C), and salt treatment (SlG_N). Transcriptome analysis revealed that 13314 and 755 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from SlD vs. SlG_C and SlG_C vs. SlG_N were detected, respectively. Most DEGs were enriched in pathways related to transcription regulation and hormone signal transduction, ROS metabolism, cell wall organization or biogenesis, and carbohydrate metabolic process in two contrasting groups. Compared with the control condition, POD and CAT activity, H2O2, soluble sugar, and proline contents were increased during germinated seeds under salt stress. Furthermore, functional analysis demonstrated that overexpression of SlNAC2 significantly enhanced salt tolerance during the germination stage in Arabidopsis. These results not only revealed the tolerant mechanism of brown seed germination in response to salinity stress but also promoted the exploration and application of salt-tolerant gene resources of Suaeda liaotungensis.
Trust Management in Social Internet of Things (SIoT): A Survey

A survey on trust management in the Social Internet of Things (SIoT) is provided, beginning with a discussion of SIoT architectures and relationships. Using a variety of publication databases, we describe efforts that focus on various trust management aspects of SIoT. Trust management models comprise three themes: trust computation, aggregation, and updates. Our study presents a detailed discussion of all three steps. Trust computation and trust aggregation depend upon Trust Attributes (TAs) for the calculation of local and global trust values. Our paper discusses many strategies for aggregating trust, but “Weighted Sum” is the most frequently used in the relevant studies. Our paper addresses trust computation and aggregation scenarios. Our work classifies research by TAs (Social Trust, Quality of Service). We’ve categorized the research (reputation-based, recommendation-based, knowledge-based) depending on the types of feedback/opinions used to calculate trust values (global feedback/opinion, feedback from a friend, trustor’s own opinion considering the trustee’s information). Our work classifies studies (policy-based, prediction-based, weighted sum-based/weighted linear combination-based) by trust computation/aggregation approach. Two trust-update schemes are discussed: time-driven and event-driven schemes, while most trust management models utilize an event-driven scheme. Both trust computation and aggregation need propagating trust values in a centralized, decentralized, or semi-centralized way. Our study covers classifying research by trust updates and propagation techniques. Trust models should provide resiliency to SIoT attacks. This analysis classifies SIoT attacks as collaborative or individual. We also discuss scenarios depicted in the relevant studies to incorporate resistance against trust-related attacks in SIoT. Studies suggest context-based or context-free trust management strategies. Our study categorizes studies based on context-based or context-free approaches. To gain the benefits of an immutable, privacy-preserving approach, a future trust management system should utilize Blockchain technology to support non-repudiation and tracking of trust relationships.
DEVELOPMENT OF DETAILED BUILDING DISTRIBUTION MAP TO SUPPORT SMART CITY PROMOTION -AN APPROACH USING SATELLITE IMAGE AND DEEP LEARNING–

Abstract. Detailed demographics play an important role in the development of smart cities. However, especially in developing countries, the maintenance and management of this data is incomplete, which hinders the promotion of smart cities. The objective of this study is to develop a method to create detailed building distribution maps from satellite images, which will serve as a basis for developing detailed demographic data to support the promotion of smart cities around the world. The target area is several areas of Tokyo where validation data is available. We first developed a method for extracting buildings from satellite images and then estimating the building use to determine the buildings where residents are distributed. Both methods use deep learning. As a result, it was possible to extract buildings with an extraction rate (the number of buildings in the automatically extracted building data divided by the number of buildings in the data for verification) of up to 60.3% for the entire target area. In addition, in the estimation of building use, our method was able to classify detached and non-detached buildings with an average accuracy of 78.7% for the entire target area.
The impact of user’s perceived value on the willingness to pay for membership on Internet platforms

The user base and market size of the Bilibili platform are now expanding quickly, and the corresponding industry has a considerable market potential. Previously, there are not plenty of empirical researches on users’ intentions or behavior on Bilibili (one of China's more advanced video networks). In this regard, this study selects Bilibili users as the research subjects, develops a model of factors influencing willingness to pay from the users' perspective, integrates theoretical and empirical tests, and investigates the effects of each element on desire to pay. According to the analysis, subjective norms in users' perceived value are the direct factors affecting users’ willingness to pay for Bilibili, while perceived usefulness, entertainment, cost, sociability, and risk indirectly affect consuming intention for Bilibili through perceived value. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of enhancing consuming intention of customers from the perspective of users' perceived value.
Cryogenic particle accumulation in ATRAP and the first antihydrogen production within a magnetic gradient trap for neutral antimatter

ATRAP has made many important improvements since CERN's Antiproton Decelerator (AD) was restarted in 2006. These include substantial increases in the number of positrons (e+) and antiprotons (Pbars) used to make antihydrogen (Hbar) atoms, a new technique for loading electrons (e−) that are used to cool Pbars and e+, implementation of a completely new, larger and more robust apparatus in our second experimental zone and the inclusion of a quadrupole Ioffe trap intended to trap the coldest Hbar atoms produced. Using this new apparatus we have produced large numbers of Hbar atoms within a Penning trap that is located within this quadrupole Ioffe trap using a new technique which shows promise for producing even colder atoms. These observed Hbar atoms resolve a debate about whether positrons and antiprotons can be brought together to form atoms within the divergent magnetic fields of a quadrupole Ioffe trap.
Development and applications of cholesteric liquid crystals

The development and realisation of applications utilising the cholesteric or chiral nematic phase have benefited from the materials research work carried out by George Gray and his colleagues. His work on cholesteric materials started in the 1950s with the synthesis of cholesteryl esters and the observation in them of an unusual blue fog phase which he later studied in more detail. He went on to identify the molecular features that give rise to the characteristic cholesteric helical structure and the role of molecular structure and chirality on the properties of the cholesteric phase. This pioneering work paved the way for a wide range of applications of which a few are exemplified.
Adaptive imaging using an 8/spl times/128 array

We present initial results from a new 1.75D array. The advantages of this array include: 1) Improved elevation focusing, 2) More effective phase aberration measurement and use of adaptive imaging techniques due to the increased sampling in the elevation dimension, 3) The ability to obtain individual channel data, and 4) Harmonic imaging capability.
Mixed Dark Matter Model in Halos of Clusters

We discuss the structure of clusters in a class of flat cosmological models with the fraction of mass \Omega_{CDM} ~0.8 in cold dark matter, and the rest in hot dark matter in the form of massive neutrinos. We consider such Cold+Hot Dark Matter (CHDM) models with one, two or three massive neutrinos, with total mass ~4.6eV. Neutrinos of such low mass cannot constitute halos of galaxies and groups, but only of clusters of galaxies. The limit on the density of neutrinos in the central parts of galaxy clusters is estimated from the phase space den- sity constraints. The ratio of the neutrino density to that of CDM through the cluster is found analytically. It appears that the density of neutrinos is suppressed within the Abell radius. However, neutrinos contribute ~20% of the mass density to the cluster halo. Our numerical simulations match analytical results. The simulations indicate that the cluster halo dark matter density profile has the power-law slope ~-2.5 which is close to that in the model with cosmological constant. We also found that in the CHDM models the velocity dispersion is almost constant across the cluster. This is quite different from the model with cosmological constant or the open model where the velocity dispersion falls in the cluster outskirts. We discuss X-ray emission and weak gravitational lensing by clusters in the model. We input the found spherically symmetrical fit to the CHDM mass density profile and the X-ray surface brightness for the cluster A2256 into simple equation of hydrostatic equilibrium of the hot gas. X-ray temperature derived this way departures from both the data and actual prediction of the model, which give almost constant temperature. We found also that the problem of high baryonic fraction in clusters is not resolved in the CHDM models.
Identification and Development of an Age-Related Classification and Signature to Predict Prognosis and Immune Landscape in Osteosarcoma

Background In childhood and adolescence, the prevailing bone tumor is osteosarcoma associated with frequent recurrence and lung metastasis. This research focused on predicting the survival and immune landscape of osteosarcoma by developing a prognostic signature and establishing aging-related genes (ARGs) subtypes. Methods The training group comprised of the transcriptomic and associated clinical data of 84 patients with osteosarcoma accessed at the TARGET database and the validation group consisted of 53 patients from GSE21257. The aging-related subtypes were identified using unsupervised consensus clustering analysis. The ARG signature was developed utilizing multivariate Cox analysis and LASSO regression. The prognostic value was assessed using the univariate and multivariate Cox analyses, Kaplan-Meier plotter, time-dependent ROC curve, and nomogram. The functional enrichment analyses were performed by GSEA, GO, and KEGG analysis, while the ssGSEA, ESTIMATE, and CIBERSORT analyses were conducted to reveal the immune landscape in osteosarcoma. Results The two clusters of osteosarcoma patients formed based on 543 ARGs, depicted a considerable difference in the tumor microenvironment, and the overall survival and immune cell infiltration rate varied as well. Among these, the selected 23 ARGs were utilized for the construction of an efficient predictive prognostic signature for the overall survival prediction. The testing in the validation group of osteosarcoma patients confirmed the status of the high-risk score as an independent indicator for poor prognosis, which was already identified as such using the univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. Furthermore, the ARG signature could distinguish different immune-related functions, infiltration status of immune cells, and tumor microenvironment, as well as predict the immunotherapy response of osteosarcoma patients. Conclusion The aging-related subtypes were identified and a prognostic signature was developed in this research, which determined different prognoses and allowed for treatment of osteosarcoma patients to be tailored. Additionally, the immunotherapeutic response of individuals with osteosarcoma could also be predicted by the ARG signature.
Prognostic Value of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Chronic Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion Complicated by Cerebral Infarction

Purpose This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of the peripheral neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with chronic internal carotid artery occlusion (CICAO) complicated by cerebral infarction. Patients and Methods The clinical data of 99 CICAO patients complicated by cerebral infarction were retrospectively analyzed. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess their 3-month prognosis, and a multivariate logistic regression model was established to explore risk factors for poor prognosis. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that NLR (OR=2.114; 95% CI: 1.129–3.959) and baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS; OR=1.288, 95% CI: 1.053–1.574) score were risk factors of poor prognosis. The area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve of NLR in predicting the 3-month outcome after onset was 0.717 (95% CI: 0.606–0.828, P<0.000). The optimal cut-off value was 3.22, with a sensitivity of 0.743 and a specificity of 0.791. Conclusion NLR is an independent risk factor for the poor prognosis of CICAO patients complicated by cerebral infarction and can serve as an indicator for clinical prognosis.
Courbes algébriques réelles et courbes flexibles sur les surfaces réglées de base CP1

A first aim of this paper is to answer, in the case of real ruled surfaces Xl of base CP1, with l ⩾ 2, a question of V. A. Rokhlin: is it true that the equivariant isotopy class does not suffice to distinguish the connected components of the space of smooth real algebraic curves of Xl? A second aim is to provethat there exist in these surfaces some real schemes realized by real flexible curves but not by smooth real algebraic curves. These two results of real algebraic geometry are deduced from the following comparison theorem: when m = l + 2k, with k > 0, the discriminants of the surface Xm are deduced from those of the surface Xl via weighted homotheties. All these results are obtained from a study of a deformation of ruled surfaces.
A C0 eight node finite element based on a shell theory

ABSTRACT The development of C0 eight node shell finite elements based upon the Reissner-Mindlin kinematics for geometrically and materially linear applications in structural mechanics is presented. Special attention is given ta the two ways of obtaining a shell finite element: shell theory and degenerated solid approach. We compare, with the same mechanical assumptions and the same finite element approximations, a new eight node semithick shell finite element based on a doubly curved shell theory (M2D) and an eight node finite element based on the degenerated approach (MDG). These two finite elements have the same five degrees of freedom (three translations and two rotations), use an explicit integration throughout the thickness and the same methodology to avoid shear and membrane locking.
Nonhomogeneous Sea Clutter Suppression Using Complex-Valued U-Net Model

This letter considers the problem of target detection in the nonhomogeneous sea clutter environment and proposes the complex-valued U-Net (CV-UNet)-based clutter suppression method. Specifically, first, the complex signal features of radar echo sequences are extracted by developing the complex-valued convolutional blocks. Second, the complex multilevel features are fused, by employing the up-down sampling structure and skip connections, to suppress nonhomogeneous sea clutter. Furthermore, the false alarm controllable detector is designed to detect the targets. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is evaluated via real data. The results show that it has a higher detection probability compared with the real-valued U-Net (RV-UNet).
High ion-acceleration by employing a low-/spl gamma/ intense electron-beam

Analyses of results of ion acceleration employing intense electron-beam revealed that the nucleon energy attained per unit energy investment scaled inversely with /spl gamma/. Total energy scaling is supported by a potential well sustained over a long distance by suitable beam-duration. Following this, a low /spl gamma//spl sim/1.49, 6 kA, 40 ns FWHM electron beam from KALI-200 was focused into a short dielectric collimator and propagated in vacuum for durations of 15-150 ns, and ions were accelerated to nucleon energy over 20-30 MeV/kJ with ion current /spl sim/kA/kJ. The enhancement in ion energy was also attributed to the low-/spl gamma/ assisted peak Poisson field E/sub z//spl sim/C/sub 0/I/sub e///spl beta//sub e/c/spl delta/, small well-length /spl delta//spl prop//spl beta//sub e/, and ion-charge multiplication. The minimum /spl gamma/ is decided by desired high electric field for intense electron-beam generation by field emission and maximum multiple ionizations.
Coulomb-Sturmian basis for the nuclear many-body problem

Calculations in ab initio no-core configuration interaction (NCCI) approaches, such as the no-core shell model or no-core full configuration methods, have conventionally been carried out using the harmonic-oscillator many-body basis. However, the rapid falloff (Gaussian asymptotics) of the oscillator functions at large radius makes them poorly suited for the description of the asymptotic properties of the nuclear wave function. We establish the foundations for carrying out NCCI calculations with an alternative many-body basis built from Coulomb-Sturmian functions. These provide a complete, discrete set of functions with a realistic exponential falloff. We present illustrative NCCI calculations for 6Li with a Coulomb-Sturmian basis and investigate the center-of-mass separation and spurious excitations.
The rise and spread of female labour force participation at the US county level

ABSTRACT In 2011, Fogli and Veldkamp adopted a time–space recursive spatial econometric model to investigate whether the female labour force participation rate varies with past participation rates in their own and in contiguous US counties, based on decennial data over the period 1940–2000, but their results are problematic. The applied estimators are different from the provided descriptions, the predicted contributions of the control variables are not in line with expectations, and the coefficients of the temporal and spatiotemporal lags of the dependent variable indicate instability. This replication study demonstrates that a dynamic spatial econometric model with common factors yields more convincing results in favour of the postulated model.
Rethinking customer-perceived value in business markets from an organizational perspective

Abstract Customer-perceived value is a key concept in inter-organizational relationships. As markets and business practices have evolved, there is growing need for an updated value conceptualization that acknowledges contemporary developments and reflects the state-of-the-art of research on business markets and inter-organizational relationships. The authors identify gaps in established conceptualizations of customer-perceived value in business markets. Then, drawing on the behavioral theory of the firm and theory of goal-directed behavior, they adapt and combine different value perspectives that suggest nine foundational premises (FPs), underlying how business customers perceive value. This assessment results in a typology of value concepts that differentiates between (1) individual and collective value, (2) expected and experienced value, and (3) transactional and relational value perceptions. Against this backdrop, this article offers a rich set of questions to guide continued research on value in business markets in general as well as on the complex interplay of the various value concepts.
Numerical radiation reaction for a scalar charge in Kerr circular orbit

University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee(Dated: February 28, 2005)We numerically calculate the dissipative part of the self-force on a scalar charge moving on acircular, geodesic, equatorial orbit in Kerr spacetime. The solution to the scalar ﬁeld equation iscomputed by separating variables and is expressed as a mode sum over radial and angular modes.The force is then computed in two ways: a direct, instantaneous force calculation which uses thehalf-retarded-minus-half-advanced ﬁeld, and an indirect method which uses the energy and angularmomentum ﬂux at the horizon and at inﬁnity to infer the force. We are able to show numericallyand analytically that the force-per-mode is the same for both methods. To enforce the boundaryconditions (ingoing radiation at the horizon and outgoing radiation at inﬁnity for the retardedsolution) numerical solutions to the radial equation are matched to asymptotic expansions for theﬁelds at the boundaries. Recursion relations for the coeﬃcients in the asymptotic expansions aregiven in an appendix.I. INTRODUCTION: MOTIVATION AND SUMMARY