Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bacillus subtilis ResA Is a Thiol-Disulfide Oxidoreductase involved in Cytochrome c Synthesis*

Covalent attachment of heme to apocytochromesc in bacteria occurs on the outside of the cytoplasmic membrane and requires two reduced cysteinyls at the heme binding site. A constructed ResA-deficient Bacillus subtilis strain was found to lack c-type cytochromes. Cytochrome csynthesis was restored in the mutant by: (i) in transexpression of resA; (ii) deficiency in BdbD, a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase that catalyzes formation of an intramolecular disulfide bond in apocytochrome c after transfer of the polypeptide across the cytoplasmic membrane; or (iii) by addition of the reductant dithiothreitol to the growth medium. In vivo studies of ResA showed that it is membrane-associated with its thioredoxin-like domain on the outside of the cytoplasmic membrane. Analysis of a soluble form of the protein revealed two redox reactive cysteine residues with a midpoint potential of about −340 mV at pH 7. We conclude that ResA, probably together with another thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase, CcdA, is required for the reduction of the cysteinyls in the heme binding site of apocytochromec.
Neuronal Assembly Dynamics in Supervised and Unsupervised Learning Scenarios

The dynamic formation of groups of neurons—neuronal assemblies—is believed to mediate cognitive phenomena at many levels, but their detailed operation and mechanisms of interaction are still to be uncovered. One hypothesis suggests that synchronized oscillations underpin their formation and functioning, with a focus on the temporal structure of neuronal signals. In this context, we investigate neuronal assembly dynamics in two complementary scenarios: the first, a supervised spike pattern classification task, in which noisy variations of a collection of spikes have to be correctly labeled; the second, an unsupervised, minimally cognitive evolutionary robotics tasks, in which an evolved agent has to cope with multiple, possibly conflicting, objectives. In both cases, the more traditional dynamical analysis of the system's variables is paired with information-theoretic techniques in order to get a broader picture of the ongoing interactions with and within the network. The neural network model is inspired by the Kuramoto model of coupled phase oscillators and allows one to fine-tune the network synchronization dynamics and assembly configuration. The experiments explore the computational power, redundancy, and generalization capability of neuronal circuits, demonstrating that performance depends nonlinearly on the number of assemblies and neurons in the network and showing that the framework can be exploited to generate minimally cognitive behaviors, with dynamic assembly formation accounting for varying degrees of stimuli modulation of the sensorimotor interactions.
Forecasting S&P 100 Volatility: The Incremental Information Content of Implied Volatilities and High Frequency Index Returns

The information content of implied volatilities and intraday returns is compared in the context of forecasting index volatility over horizons from 1 to 20 days. Forecasts of two measures of realized volatility are obtained after estimating ARCH models using daily index returns, daily observations of the VIX index of implied volatility, and sums of squares of 5-min index returns. The in-sample estimates show that nearly all relevant information is provided by the VIX index, and hence there is not much incremental information in high-frequency index returns. For out-of-sample forecasting, the VIX index provides the most accurate forecasts for all forecast horizons and performance measures considered. The evidence for incremental forecasting information in intraday returns is insignificant.
Effects of Contextual Interference and Retention Intervals on Transfer

The acquisition and transfer effects of contextual interference (Battig, 1979) were investigated with 54 female subjects over three retention intervals on a coincidence anticipation task. The experimental task involved predicting the arrival of a light at a predetermined intercept. A range effect was observed during both acquisition and transfer such that marked undershooting (early responses) was found for slower speeds and late responses were noted for faster speeds. As expected from prior work, responses under a blocked acquisition context (low contextual interference) were significantly more accurate and less variable than under a random context (high contextual interference). Significant improvement was found over-all from the first to the second block of trials. For multiple dependent measures there were no significant effects of retention interval by acquisition context. This ran counter to Battig's (1979) recommendation that the use of longer retention intervals would increase the effect of acquisition context on retention and intratask transfer. Recommendations are discussed for further investigations to observe the effects of long retention intervals on acquisition context.
Production of pediocin AcH by Lactobacillus plantarum WHE 92 isolated from cheese

Among 1,962 bacterial isolates from a smear-surface soft cheese (Munster cheese) screened for activity against Listeria monocytogenes, six produced antilisterial compounds other than organic acids. The bacterial strain WHE 92, which displayed the strongest antilisterial effect, was identified at the DNA level as Lactobacillus plantarum. The proteinaceous nature, narrow inhibitory spectrum, and bactericidal mode of action of the antilisterial compound produced by this bacterium suggested that it was a bacteriocin. Purification to homogeneity and sequencing of this bacteriocin showed that it was a 4.6-kDa, 44-amino-acid peptide, the primary structure of which was identical to that of pediocin AcH produced by different Pediococcus acidilactici strains. We report the first case of the same bacteriocin appearing naturally with bacteria of different genera. Whereas the production of pediocin AcH from P. acidilactici H was considerably reduced when the final pH of the medium exceeded 5.0, no reduction in the production of pediocin AcH from L. plantarum WHE 92 was observed when the pH of the medium was up to 6.0. This fact is important from an industrial angle. As the pH of dairy products is often higher than 5.0, L. plantarum WHE 92, which develops particularly well in cheeses, could constitute an effective means of biological combat against L. monocytogenes in this type of foodstuff.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the general population of northern Spain

Objectives To estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C in a population of northern Spain and describe (i) the risk factors associated with infection and (ii) the distribution of genotypes. Design Randomized cross-sectional study. Methods A random sample of 1170 people participated in the study. Sociodemographic data were obtained. Antibodies against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes were determined. Results Nineteen of 1170 (1.6%) subjects were anti-HCV positive (95% CI 1.0–2.6%). In 12 cases (63%), viraemia was present, and the predominant genotype was 1b (80%). Anti-HCV positive subjects were older than anti-HCV negative subjects (55.8 ± 15.3 v. 44.8 ± 20.9;P = 0.02). Two peaks of maximum frequency were found (in the fourth decade and in those over 60 years). Parenteral drug addiction predominates among those of the fourth decade, while transfusion and surgery predominate in people over 60 years. Three (16%) subjects knew they were carriers of HCV. Only three variables remained significant in the multivariate model (illegal drug use, P < 0.0001; previous hepatitis, P < 0.0001; and age, P < 0.02). Conclusions Our study emphasizes the need to develop health policies that can cope with the foreseeable increases in the problems associated with HCV infection in the near future.
Unsupervised Biographical Event Extraction Using Wikipedia Traffic

“What is Julian Assange known for? ” Can we define his importance in terms of key events? • Some people are famous for what they did, rather than what they are • Julian Assange founded WikiLeaks in 2006 and In 2012 he was granted political asylum by Ecuador are sentences which quickly convey Assange’s notability • Current way of extracting these events→ need to create a huge data set to train on! → $$$ •Many ways someone can be famous → lots of data • Spikes in Wikipedia page traffic → something interesting happened • Find spikes→ find edit to page at the same time → match sentence in current-day article to edit • No annotation needed! “Obama was re-elected president in November 2012. ” “On November 4, Obama won the presidency. ”
Students’ perceptions of school climate as determinants of wellbeing, resilience and identity

This study examined the relations between school climate variables and students’ feeling of wellbeing, life satisfaction, ethnic identity, moral identity and resilience. Furthermore, the study also examined the interrelationships between these five outcome variables. Six aspects of the school climate were measured: teacher support, peer connectedness, school connectedness, affirming diversity, rule clarity and reporting and seeking help. The participants included 2202 students, the data from whom included 2122 cases that were complete and usable (1058 boys and 1059 girls) from six public high schools in Perth, Western Australia. These data were analysed by means of structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis. All six school climate factors were related to student wellbeing. These relations were primarily indirect (with the exception of teacher support, school connectedness and affirming diversity which had a direct influence), mediated through the students’ sense of ethnic and moral identity, resilience and life satisfaction.
A two-dimensional data fusion model for intrusion detection

When the same data are detected and classified with different classifiers, there will be inconsistencies in the results. This shows that different factors cause the classifierspsila detection accuracy not alike. In this study, the proposed methods were verified with KDDCUPpsila99 data, and data fusion (DF) using five feature selection methods (discriminant analysis, DA; principal component analysis, PCA; rough set theory, RST; multiple logistic regression, MLR and genetic analysis, GA.). In the case of data re-determination and upgrading the detection was accurate. In this study, we propose two dimensional DF. Combining different DF methods can increase the IDS detection accuracy. Empirical results using a KDDCUPpsila99 dataset had an intrusion detection accuracy of 99.9834%, which made it useful for intrusion detection and data re-determination.
Reducing Distributed Generator Curtailment Through Active Power Flow Management

This paper presents an evaluation of the main characteristics of two power flow management (PFM) methodologies against a traditional inter-trip approach typically used by distribution network operators. The two PFM algorithms were developed, by the authors, for real-time operation with an aim to implement them in distribution networks with growing penetrations of renewable DG. The first PFM approach is modelled as a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), while the second is based on an optimal power flow (OPF) approach. These PFM algorithms are deployed on real substation hardware to simulate the monitoring and control of MV distribution network power flows through DG real power regulation. Multiple scenarios are presented to the closed-loop PFM test environment to demonstrate the algorithms ability of detecting and alleviating thermal overloads and recognizing when the constraint has passed. The main objective of this paper is the quantification of the resultant curtailment levels, for the two approaches, which are compared to that of a traditional inter-trip scheme for the same circuit overload duration. The results demonstrate that taking an active approach to managing power flows can significantly increase the output of DG units in a thermally constrained network.
Incidence of death and acute myocardial infarction associated with stopping clopidogrel after acute coronary syndrome.

CONTEXT It is unknown whether patients are at increased short-term risk for adverse events following clopidogrel cessation. OBJECTIVE To assess the rates of adverse events after stopping treatment with clopidogrel in a national sample of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS Retrospective cohort study of 3137 patients with ACS discharged from 127 Veterans Affairs hospitals between October 1, 2003, and March 31, 2005, with posthospital treatment with clopidogrel. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Rate of all-cause mortality or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after stopping treatment with clopidogrel. RESULTS Mean (SD) follow-up after stopping treatment with clopidogrel was 196 (152) days for medically treated patients with ACS without stents (n = 1568) and 203 (148) days for patients with ACS treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (n = 1569). Among medically treated patients, mean (SD) duration of clopidogrel treatment was 278 [corrected] (169) [corrected] days and death or AMI occurred in 17.1% (n = 268) of patients, with 60.8% (n = 163) of events occurring during 0 to 90 days, 21.3% (n = 57) during 91 to 180 days, and 9.7% (n = 26) during 181 to 270 days after stopping treatment with clopidogrel. In multivariable analysis including adjustment for duration of clopidogrel treatment, the first 90-day interval after stopping treatment with clopidogrel was associated with a significantly higher risk of adverse events (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.46-2.69 vs the interval of 91-180 days). Similarly, among PCI-treated patients with ACS, mean (SD) duration of clopidogrel treatment was 302 [corrected] (151) [corrected] days and death or AMI occurred in 7.9% (n = 124) of patients, with 58.9% (n = 73) of events occurring during 0 to 90 days, 23.4% (n = 29) during 91 to 180 days, and 6.5% (n = 8) during 181 to 270 days after stopping clopidogrel treatment. In multivariable analysis including adjustment for duration of clopidogrel treatment, the first 90-day interval after stopping clopidogrel treatment was associated with a significantly higher risk of adverse events (IRR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.17-2.83). CONCLUSIONS We observed a clustering of adverse events in the initial 90 days after stopping clopidogrel among both medically treated and PCI-treated patients with ACS, supporting the possibility of a clopidogrel rebound effect. Additional studies are needed to confirm the clustering of events after stopping clopidogrel, including associations with cardiovascular mortality and reasons for stopping clopidogrel, as well as to determine the mechanism of this phenomenon, and to identify strategies to reduce early events after clopidogrel cessation.
Impact of Cattaneo-Christov Heat Flux in Jeffrey Fluid Flow with Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Reactions

Two-dimensional stretched flow of Jeffrey fluid in view of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux is addressed. Effects of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions are also considered. Suitable transformations are used to form ordinary differential equations. Convergent series solutions are computed. Impact of significant parameters on the velocity, temperature, concentration and skin friction coefficient is addressed. Analysis of thermal relaxation is made. The obtained results show that ratio of relaxation to retardation times and Deborah number have inverse relation for velocity profile. Temperature distribution has decreasing behavior for Prandtl number and thermal relaxation time. Also concentration decreases for larger values of strength of homogeneous reaction parameter while it increases for strength of heterogeneous reaction parameter.
AN ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF REWARD PREDICTION ERRORS IN THE HUMAN BRAIN

s were scanned for evidence that feedback locked waveforms were studied, producing 125 possible papers, of which four met the criteria for eligibility. The reference lists of all eligible papers were checked, along with those of two recent reviews of the FRN (San Martin, 2012; Walsh & Anderson, 2012), producing one further eligible paper. In total, these search criteria resulted in the inclusion of 47 datasets from published papers in our meta-analysis. Unpublished data. In an effort to include unpublished data, all first or corresponding authors of the selected papers were contacted with a request for unpublished data. A number of other researchers were also contacted, identified as follows. Papers returned by the searches described above which had been rejected were re-examined, and 154 authors added to a contact list. A search of theses using the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database and the Ethos database returned 73 hits for the primary search string and 370 for the secondary one. The contents pages of these theses were read online and 17 authors added to the contact list. Abstracts of 56 conference papers, extracted from the searches described earlier, were read, and on this basis 8 more authors were added. In the course of contacting authors, a further four suggestions were garnered. 171 out of 183 email addresses were successfully obtained by internet search and these researchers contacted. Responses were obtained from 51
Scalable and architecture independent parallel geometric algorithms with high probability optimal time

We present parallel computational geometry algorithms that are scalable, architecture independent, easy to implement, and have, with high probability, an optimal time complexity for uniformly distributed random input data. Our methods apply to multicomputers with arbitrary interconnection network or bus system. The following problems are studied in this paper: (1) lower envelope of line segments, (2) visibility of parallelepipeds, (3) convex hull, (4) maximal elements, (5) Voronoi diagram, (6) all-nearest neighbors, (7) largest empty circle, and (8) largest empty hyperrectangle. Problems 2-8 are studied for d-dimensional space, d=O(1). We implemented and tested the lower envelope algorithm and convex hull algorithm (for d=3 and d=4) on a CM5. The results indicate that our methods are of considerable practical relevance. <<ETX>>
Organizational demography and turnover in top-management groups.

W. Gary Wagner, Jeffrey Pfeffer, and Charles A. O'Reilly, Ill This study examines turnoverfrom 1976 to 1980 for 599 top-management group members in a sample of 31 Fortune 500 companies. A measure of demographic distance was defined on the basis of both age and date-of-entry similarity. The proportion of the top-management group turning over was inversely related to the firm's financial performance and positively related to the coefficient of variation of the distance among managers. At the individual level of analysis, managers who were older, were in firms that performed worse, and were more dissimilar in terms of age were more likely to turn over. The results suggest that it may be possible both to predict and manage turnover by considering the compositional characteristics of groups.
Stereo matching between images of large slope based on multi-scale directional wavelet transform

This paper presents a method based on the directional wavelet transform for feature extracting and stereo matching. The original images are transformed by the directional wavelet at two scales, in which the high frequent images in 4 directions may be produced. Using the operator of feature points at three-scales, the feature points in stereo images are extracted. The image matching is at two scales. Firstly the coarse matching was done at scale one. The approximate parallax of both images was obtained. Secondly, at scale zero the feature matching was done based on the describing vectors of 64 parameters. Then mismatched points were eliminated in the epipolar restriction. The experiments in airplane, unpiloted aircraft and close-rang stereo images show that the approach is accurate and robust for extracting keypoints and stereo matching. The matching results is rotation or scaling invariant.
Characterising constrained continuous optimisation problems

Real-world optimisation problems are usually constrained in some way. These constraints essentially modify the search space and can have a significant impact on the success of algorithms during optimisation. This paper proposes the notion of a violation landscape as a concept for analysing the nature of constrained continuous search spaces. A number of numerical measures are proposed for characterising constrained problems and these are tested on the CEC 2010 benchmark suite of constrained real-parameter optimisation problems. It is shown that for many constrained problems and algorithms, the features of the violation landscape are more relevant in terms of understanding algorithm performance than the features of the fitness landscape.
Process simulation: successes and failures

This paper discusses the application of discrete simulation to batch processes in the chemical industry. The advantages and difficulties of batch processes are presented and related to some of the barriem in the application of discrete simulation in the chemical industry. Examples from the literature are cited and four actual industrial simulations are described and their impact evaluated. 1 BACKGROUND Most chemical manufacturing processes consists of a raw material supply system, various reaction and separation steps, and fiial product handling. They differ from other manufacturing processes in that the materials being handled are " bulk " materials as opposed to discrete items. A specitlc " pound " cannot be identified as it goes through the process without special effort to keep it segregated. Storage of most materials must be in relatively expensive tanks. Even a discrete item such as a bag or batch of material loses its identity when put in a tank with other material. The resources of concern are generally equipment, heating utilities, cooling utilities and operatotx Processes are categorized as continuous, batch or batch semi-continuous (BSC). Continuous processes are very efilcient and economical for h@ volume products. In highly competitive markets where margins may only be a few cents per pound, they are a virtual necessity. The widespread use of batch processesfor high value added, specialty process results from several inherent advantages which include 1. They are relatively easy to design, even if the knowledge of the process is limited. If the basic process is sound, the plant can usually be made to work, even if some errors were made in the design. Multiple operations in one piece of equipment and ease of shutdown and startup make operation at low volumes practical and economical. The manufacture of more than one product in a single facility is often possible even if the processes are somewhat different. On the other hand, there are more than a few significant problems associated with batch processing. Some of them are obvious, some not quite so obvious. Anyone who has worked with a batch process for very long could probably add to the following list: 1. -2. 3 ,. 4. r). They are labor intensive. The use of automated sequencing and material handling can reduce the number of operatom needed, but the unsteady state nature of batch processing still requires careful monitoring and manual intervention at times. Different operatom have various ways of …
Insulin aspart: a review

Insulin aspart, an analogue of human insulin, which is approved for use in people with diabetes, is more rapidly absorbed and achieves higher plasma concentrations than human soluble insulin following subcutaneous injection. Hence, it has a faster and more effective glucose-lowering action, with superior control of postprandial hyperglycaemia compared with human soluble insulin. Its shorter duration of action makes interprandial and nocturnal hypoglycaemia less of a problem than with human soluble insulin. Insulin aspart is approved for use in continuous subcutaneous infusion and offers a valuable treatment option during pregnancy.