Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sudden cardiac death and late arrhythmias after the Fontan operation

OBJECTIVES We sought to examine the incidence and predictors of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) after Fontan operation. BACKGROUND Arrhythmias and SCD have been reported following operations for congenital heart disease, but the incidence and risk factors have not been well defined in patients after a Fontan operation. METHODS We reviewed records of all patients who had a Fontan operation from 1973 to 2012 (n = 1052) at our institution. A questionnaire was mailed to patients who were not known to be deceased at the initiation of the study. Late arrhythmias were classified as bradyarrhythmias or tachyarrhythmias requiring treatment >30 days after operation. RESULTS We included 996/1052 (95%) patients with no arrhythmia diagnosis prior to Fontan. Overall 10-, 20-, and 30-year freedom from arrhythmias was 71%, 42%, and 24%, respectively. Of 864 patients who survived >30 days after Fontan, 304 (35%) had atrial flutter, 161 (19%) had atrial fibrillation, 108 (13%) had atrial tachycardia, 37 (4%) had reentrant supraventricular tachycardia, 40 (5%) had ventricular tachycardia, and 113 (13%) had sinus node dysfunction. Predictors of late arrhythmias included an atriopulmonary Fontan, age at operation (>16 years) or atrial arrhythmias postoperatively. During follow-up, 52/1052 (5%) patients had SCD, with 51 having documentation available; 8 patients died suddenly within 30 days and the remaining 43 had an average time to SCD of 6.9 ± 6.7 years (median was 3.8 years). Arrhythmias were documented in 28/43 (65%) patients prior to SCD. Predictors of SCD included atrioventricular valve replacement and post-bypass Fontan pressures >20 mm Hg; preoperative sinus rhythm was protective. CONCLUSIONS Arrhythmias and SCD are significant concerns among Fontan patients and specific risk factors may warrant closer follow-up and earlier consideration for therapy.
Wind power electrical drives for permanent magnet generators — Development in Finland

The use of permanent magnets offers freedom in machine design and the highest possible efficiencies for wind power machines. Although full power converters must be used with permanent magnet machines, these converters make it possible to fulfill even the strictest grid codes. If appropriate care is taken in selecting the exact magnetic material composition, Neodymium-Iron-Boron magnets are compatible with long term generator use. However, rare earth material prices have been so volatile lately that highpower applications using lower strength ferrite magnet materials are being studied. For wind power applications, the three basic types of PM generator include direct-drive generators (10-20 min-1), medium-speed generators (100-300 min-1), and high-speed generators (1000-2000 min-1). Finnish companies such as Neorem Magnets, ABB, and The Switch have been very active in the development of permanent magnet technology for wind power. Moreover, Finnish wind turbine manufacturers operating today use the most modern PM technologies in their products.
Oxidation of Low Density Lipoproteins Greatly Enhances Their Association with Lipoprotein Lipase Anchored to Endothelial Cell Matrix (*)

Native and oxidized low density lipoprotein retention within arterial wall endothelial cell matrix (ECM) is an early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Previously we showed lipoprotein lipase (LPL) addition to ECM enhanced the retention of apoB-containing lipoproteins. In the present studies we examined whether the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) increases its retention by LPL-containing ECM. Except where noted, I-labeled moderately oxidized LDL (ModOxLDL) was prepared by long term storage of I-LDL. Without LPL, I-ModOxLDL matrix binding was low and nonsaturable. LPL preanchored to ECM resulted in I-ModOxLDL binding that was saturable and 20-fold greater than in the absence of LPL, with an association constant equal to 2.6 nM. Copper-oxidized LDL (Cu-OxLDL) was able to compete with I-ModOxLDL, whereas a 60-fold native LDL excess had no effect. Reconstituted apolipoprotein B from Cu-OxLDL also reduced I-ModOxLDL to LPL, whereas liposomes derived from the lipid extract of Cu-OxLDL had no effect on binding. These data suggest that the increased binding of oxidized LDL to LPL•ECM may be due to the exposure of novel apoB binding sites and not an oxidized lipid moiety. I-ModOxLDL binding was also not affected by either preincubation with a 300-fold molar excess of apoE-poor HDL or an 340-fold molar excess of Cu-OxHDL. In contrast, a 4-fold apoE-rich HDL excess (based on protein) totally inhibited I-ModOxLDL matrix retention. Positively charged peptides of polyarginine mimicked the effect of apoE-rich HDL in reducing the I-ModOxLDL retention; however, polylysine had no effect. We postulate that the oxidation of LDL may be a mechanism that enhances LDL retention by the ECM-bound LPL and that the protective effects of apoE-containing HDL may in part be due to its ability to block the retention of oxidized LDL in vivo.
Defining and addressing the nutritional needs of populations

Abstract Objective To examine the present methods used to define nutritional needs, and to analyse the intrinsic limitations of the reductionist chemical, biological and medical approaches to assess requirements. To establish the necessity to incorporate the complexities emerging from a broader understanding of the biological sciences as well as to include environmental and social dimensions in addressing nutritional needs. Method Examples of the limitations of current approaches and the implications of these in defining potential solutions and policy options to address present nutritional problems are presented and discussed. Conclusion The chemical and biological sciences have provided a strong base for nutrition and have been essential in establishing nutrition as a science with public health relevance. However, these approaches are clearly insufficient to address the main challenges that confront nutrition science now in the twenty-first century. There is a pressing need to include the social, economic and human rights aspects in order to define future policies that will secure the right to safe and nutritious food for all.
Integrating a model of analytical quality assurance into the V-Modell XT

Economic models of quality assurance can be an important tool for decision-makers in software development projects. They enable to base quality assurance planning on economical factors of the product and the used defect-detection techniques. A variety of such models has been proposed but many are too abstract to be used in practice. Furthermore, even the more concrete models lack an integration with existing software development process models to increase their applicability. This paper describes an integration of a thorough stochastic model of the economics of analytical quality assurance with the systems development process model V-Modell XT. The integration is done in a modular way by providing a new process module - a concept directly available in the V-Modell XT for extension purposes - related to analytical quality assurance. In particular, we describe the work products, roles, and activities defined in our new process module and their effects on existing V-Modell XT elements.
SpxB‐mediated H2O2 induces programmed cell death in Streptococcus sanguinis

Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) is a commensal oral streptococci that produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and this production is dependent on pyruvate oxidase (SpxB) activity. In addition to its well‐known role in intraspecies or interspecies competitions, recent studies have shown that H2O2 produced by S. sanguinis under aerobic conditions not only upregulates biofilm formation and eDNA release but also regulates cell death without obvious cell lysis. Here, we report that S. sanguinis exhibits characteristic hallmarks of eukaryotic apoptosis when it encounters endogenous and exogenous H2O2. As the most common mode of programmed cell death (PCD), apoptosis is accompanied by a series of biochemical and morphological events, including DNA fragmentation, chromosome condensation, membrane potential depolarization, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, and caspase substrate binding protein activity changes. In addition, we also provide genetic evidence that there is decreased expression of the related DNA repair genes comEA, recA, dnaC, dinG, and pcrA in the wild‐type compared to the isogenic spxB mutant in S. sanguinis. Our data suggest that endogenous H2O2 is the most important agent in this development process in S. sanguinis.
A New Descriptor for 3 D Trajectory Recognition

Motion trajectory contains plentiful of motion information which is useful for motion analysis in many tasks. Motion recognition via trajectory is important in motion analysis for many human and robotic tasks. An effective descriptor for motion trajectories plays an important role in the recognition algorithm. In this paper, we propose a new descriptor with a modified data alignment method for motion trajectory recognition. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
New functional aspects of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor

Purpose of reviewVariations in extracellular calcium level have a large impact on kidney function. Most of the effects seen are attributed to the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a widely expressed G-protein-coupled cell surface protein with an important function in bone mineral homeostasis. The purpose of this review is to recapitulate the novel functional aspects of CaSR. Recent findingsResults from mouse models demonstrate important functions for CaSR in various tissues. In the kidney, the main role of CaSR is the regulation of calcium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb, independently of its role on parathyroid hormone secretion. CaSR modulates claudin 14, the gatekeeper of paracellular ion transport in the thick ascending limb that is associated with urinary calcium excretion. One intracellular signaling pathway by which CaSR alters tight junction permeability is the calcineurin-NFAT1c-microRNA-claudin14 axis. SummaryThe main function of CaSR in the kidney is the regulation of calcium excretion in the thick ascending limb, independently of parathyroid hormone. CaSR modulates paracellular cation transport by altering expression of the tight junction protein claudin 14. Still more work is needed to fully understand all functions of CaSR in the kidney. Alternative pathways of calcium ‘sensing’ in the kidney need to be investigated.
INDUCTION OF CELLULASE IN FUNGI BY CELLOBIOSE

Cellulase is an adaptive enzyme in fungi. The inducing substrate, cellulose, is insoluble. How then does the induction occur? It is possible that soluble products of enzyme action are the natural inducers of the enzymes that attack insoluble substrates. This theory assumes that small amounts of the inducible enzymes are produced even in the absence of inducer. When substrate is present it is hydrolyzed, the soluble products then enter the cell and induce more enzyme. Examples of products acting as inducers of polysaccharases have been cited in a previous paper (AMandels and Reese, 1957), and cellobiose can act as an inducei of cellulase (Mandels and Reese, 1957; Talboys, 1958). However, the amount of cellulase produced when Trichodermna viride was grown on cellobiose was less than 5 per cent of the yield on cellulose. If products are the natural inducers, why do they induce so poorly? This paper attempts to show that cellobiose is the natural inducer of cellulase, and that the low enzyme yields obtained in cellobiose cultures are due to inhibitory and inactivating effects resulting from rapid growth on sugar.
Moderators of the Effects of Alcohol Protective Behavioral Strategies: Three Attempts of Replication and Extension

ABSTRACT Background: Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) can be used to reduce alcohol-related harm when drinking. Despite much research demonstrating that use of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) is associated with decreased alcohol use/problems, few studies have examined moderators of these associations. Moderation tests are important as they define the boundary conditions of the protective effects of PBS use (i.e., identify for whom and in what context PBS use reduces harm). Objectives: We aimed to replicate and extend the findings from three published studies that have examined putative moderators of PBS-alcohol associations: self-regulation, negative urgency, and drinking refusal self-efficacy. Method: Participants were recruited from a psychology department participant pool at a large, southwestern university in the United States (N = 628). Results: Although we replicated most main effects and bivariate correlations, we failed to replicate any of the moderation effects (i.e., interaction effects). Conclusions/Importance: We urge PBS researchers to attempt to replicate moderation effects in independent samples to determine these effects' reproducibility. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Neuroadaptive Meditation in the Real World

Meditation and mindfulness techniques are useful for both treatment of various disorders as well as improving the quality of life in general. Meditation offers intriguing possibilities for BCI as it is targeted at able-bodied general population and goes beyond the traditional explicit control BCI paradigm. In previous work, we have shown how neurofeedback can be successfully applied in a laboratory setting to improve the meditation experience. This position paper aims to expand this work in two ways. First, we explore the problems and issues that might arise when moving from the laboratory setting to the normal, everyday world. Second, we will consider the possibilities of extending the neurofeedback with other forms of physiological computing. Our position is that meditation and relaxation applications provide a perfect application area for bringing BCI into the real world.
Internet Gaming Disorder Within the DSM-5 Framework and With an Eye Toward ICD-11.

lapse. We certainly agree that the magnitude or rapidness of the citalopram dosage reductions to ,40 mg/day may have contributed to the observed risk associated with the citalopram dosage reductions. Given the limited information in prescription records about exactly when and by how much citalopram dosages were reduced, we did not pursue any analyses of the magnitude or rate of the dosage reductions. Although a survival bias could not be ruled out in this noninception citalopram cohort study, the likelihood that this bias is present decreases with the expected incidence of fatalQTprolongation. If the incidence of clinically significant citalopram-induced long QT syndrome, including torsade de pointes, is extremely low as suggested, then any substantial risk associatedwith reducing dosages of citalopram that have been clinically titrated to high levels needs to be taken into consideration as clinicians decide how to respond to recommended dosage restrictions aiming to mitigate the risk of citalopram-induced prolongation of the cardiac QT interval.
Assessment of antifungal effects of shot extracts in chinaberry (Melia azedarach) against 5 phytopathogenic fungi.

What is currently raised as a new approach in the management of plant diseases is developing and formulation of plant base fungicides. Melia azedarach is a small to medium deciduous tree, an attractive ornamental and shade tree with a high lateral branching. Melia azedarach (Meliaceae) is widely distributed in northern area of Iran. The objective of present study is to evaluate the Antifungal effects of methanol extract of chinaberry (M. azedarach) against strains of Trichoderma spp, Sclerotium spp, Geotrichum spp, Fusarium oxysporum, and Rhizoctonia solani. The antifungal activity of methanol extract Based on the growth inhibitory zone in the manner of disc diffusion assay was evaluated. Results of testing for antifungal effects were quite positive. Among them, Organs of the flower had the greatest impact in creating inhibitor zone; also in most cases the highest concentration has the greatest influence in forming inhibitor zone. Generally in a zone of inhibition, the effects of three concentrations are different, that the best concentration is 200, 150 and 75 mg per liter, respectively.
Indian story on semen loss and related Dhat syndrome

India is a country of many religions and ancient cultures. Indian culture is largely directed by the Vedic culture since time immemorial. Later Indian culture is influenced by Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity. Indian belief system carries the footprints of these cultures. Every culture describes human behaviors and an interpretation of each human behavior is largely influenced by the core cultural belief system. Sexuality is an important domain which is colored by different cultural colors. Like other cultures, Indian culture believes “semen” as the precious body fluid which needs to be preserved. Most Indian beliefs consider loss of semen as a threat to the individual. Ancient Indian literature present semen loss as a negative health related event. Dhat syndrome (related to semen loss) is a culture-bound syndrome seen in the natives of Indian subcontinent. This article gathers the Indian concepts related to semen loss. It also outlines belief systems behind problems of Dhat syndrome.
Automatically generated NE tagged corpora for English and Hungarian

Supervised Named Entity Recognizers require large amounts of annotated text. Since manual annotation is a highly costly procedure, reducing the annotation cost is essential. We present a fully automatic method to build NE annotated corpora from Wikipedia. In contrast to recent work, we apply a new method, which maps the DBpedia classes into CoNLL NE types. Since our method is mainly language-independent, we used it to generate corpora for English and Hungarian. The corpora are freely available.
Transition‐Metal Single Atoms Anchored on Graphdiyne as High‐Efficiency Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting and Oxygen Reduction

Single‐atom catalysts, which can maximize the utility of metal atoms, and at the same time achieve high catalytic performance, have attracted great interest in research. In this present study, 11 transition metal atoms supported on a graphdiyne (GDY) monolayer (TM@GDY, where TM represents a transition metal from Sc to Zn and Pt) as electrocatalysts are investigated by means of first‐principle calculations. It is found that the supported single atom is very stable at the corner of the acetylenic ring. These features can help in the realization of uniformly distributed and well‐ordered single atoms on GDY. Few composites viz Sc@GDY, Ti@GDY, V@GDY, Fe@GDY, and Pt@GDY display high catalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Especially for Ti@GDY and V@GDY, both C and TM are active sites which are the best HER catalysts among the studied composites. Moreover, Pt@GDY and Ni@GDY composites can be promising bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting [0.01 and 0.46 V for HER and oxygen evolution reaction (OER)] and metal–air‐battery (0.29 and 0.40 V for OER and oxygen reduction reaction) catalysts, respectively. This work demonstrates that GDY is indeed a promising single‐atom support which can be considered for the design of high activity and inexpensive multifunctional electrocatalysts for practical catalytic applications.
Effective Scheduling Schemes for Wireless Multiuser MIMO Systems with SIC Receivers

Recently, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems have shown the potential to achieve high speed data transmission by improving spectral efﬁciency over wireless fading channels. In multiuser MIMO environment, the radio base station (Node-B) supports mobile user equipment (UE) with different quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, where the adopted scheduling scheme controls the selection of UEs for service provision and has an impact on the system performance. In this paper, we ﬁrst analysis two basic scheduling rules which are combined with and without successive interference cancelation (SIC) receivers, respectively. Then, we propose the hybrid scheduler which outperforms the two rules in terms of system capacity. Simulation results show that the performances of conventional scheduling schemes greatly depends on the number of UEs, and hence the proposed scheme is robust to the number, achieving the improved capacity gain.
SloParl-Slovenian Parliamentary speech an continuous speech r

This paper present a novel Slovenian language resource SloParl database. It consists from debates acquired in the Slovenian Parliament. The main goal of the project was to cost-effectly collect a new Slovenian language resource that could be used to augment the available Slovenian speech corpora for developing a large vocabulary continuous speech recognition system. The SloParl speech corpus has a total length of 100 hours. The selected sessions between years 2000 2005 were incorporated in it. This speech corpus will be used for lightly supervised or unsupervised acoustic models’ training. In accordance with this, the accompanying transcriptions were prepared. The second part of the SloParl database is the text corpus, which covers text of all debates from period 1996 2005. It consists of 23M words. It will be used to create different types of speech recogniser’s language models. Comparison with other Slovenian language resources showed that SloParl database adds new aspects to the modelling of Slovenian language.
Relating Extracellular Potentials and Their Derivatives to Anisotropic Propagation at a Microscopic Level in Human Cardiac Muscle: Evidence for Electrical Uncoupling of Side‐to‐Side Fiber Connections with Increasing Age

Elucidation of the mechanisms of cardiac conduction disturbances leading to reentry will require resolution of the details of multidimensional propagation at a microscopic size scale (<200μm). In practice, this will necessitate the combined analysis of extracellular and transmembrane action potentials. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the relationships between the time derivatives of the extracellular waveforms and the underlying action potentials in the experimental analysis of anisotropic propagation at this small size scale, and apply these relationships to human atrial muscle at different ages. The extracellular waveforms and their derivatives changed from a smooth contour during transverse propagation in young preparations to complex polyphasic waveforms in the older preparations. The major problem was to estimate the size and location of small groups of fibers that generated the complex waveforms in the older preparations. We found dissimilarities in the derivatives that distinguished source (bundle) size from the distance of the source to the measurement site. The differences in the extracellular waveforms and their derivatives indicated that there was electrical uncoupling of the side-to-side connections between small groups of fibers with aging. These changes produced a prominent zigzag course of transverse propagation at a microscopic level which, in turn, accounted for the increased complexity of the waveforms. The waveform differences also correlated with the development of extensive collagenous septa that separated small groups of fibers. The electrophysiological consequence was an age-related decrease in the ‘effective transverse conduction velocities to the range of the very slow conduction (<0.08 m/sec) which makes it possible for reentry to occur in small regions of cardiac muscle with normal cellular electrophysiological properties’.