Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A selective undo/redo method in 3D collaborative modeling environment

In 3D collaborative modeling systems, users need a convenient mechanism to repeatedly modify the models they are operating on. In this paper, we contribute a selective undo/redo solution for users to select arbitrary operation to undo. With the consistency maintainence mechanism we proposed, operations need to be re-arranged on each site for after their arriving. Both history buffer and model state stream are adopted to present the arriving sequence of operations and their actual execution sequence. In case of concurrent undo/redo, undo state vector is proposed to make sure that an operation can only be undone once and redone by the designer who undoes it. Based on all the precautions we have made, an undo/redo algorithm is proposed. The algorithm has been verified in the prototype we implemented.
Purification of Nuclear Poly(A)-binding Protein Nab2 Reveals Association with the Yeast Transcriptome and a Messenger Ribonucleoprotein Core Structure

Nascent mRNAs produced by transcription in the nucleus are subsequently processed and packaged into mRNA ribonucleoprotein particles (messenger ribonucleoproteins (mRNPs)) before export to the cytoplasm. Here, we have used the poly(A)-binding protein Nab2 to isolate mRNPs from yeast under conditions that preserve mRNA integrity. Upon Nab2-tandem affinity purification, several mRNA export factors were co-enriched (Yra1, Mex67, THO-TREX) that were present in mRNPs of different size and mRNA length. High-throughput sequencing of the co-precipitated RNAs indicated that Nab2 is associated with the bulk of yeast transcripts with no specificity for different mRNA classes. Electron microscopy revealed that many of the mRNPs have a characteristic elongated structure. Our data suggest that mRNPs, although associated with different mRNAs, have a unifying core structure.
Social and personal information use by squirrel monkeys in assessing predation risk

The threat of predation can significantly influence prey behaviors through altered perceptions of risk. Prey risk perception is constantly updated via collection of personal and social information about predators. Better understanding of the links between information availability, its use, and prey species' perception of risk will aid in explaining how animals adapt to predation. The goal of this study was to determine the environmental and social cues—available to prey via personal and social information, respectively—that influence wild squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) reactivity to potential predators, treated here as a proxy for risk perception. We followed squirrel monkey troops for 3 years in Suriname, South America, and accounted for environmental and social variables associated with potential predator encounters. We utilized logistic regression models applied to a robust and long‐term data set to reveal relationships among factors affecting squirrel monkey anti‐predator responses. Our analyses revealed that height, season, type of predator stimulus, and mixed‐species associations with capuchin monkeys (Sapajus apella) were highly related to intensity of squirrel monkey anti‐predator responses. Moreover, our analyses revealed that squirrel monkeys overestimate the immediate threat of predation when individuals have incomplete information regarding the potential predator. Am. J. Primatol. 76:956–966, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FACTORS AFFECTING TEENAGER CYBER DELINQUENCY

The study aims to investigate structural relationships among teenagers’ peer attachment, self-control, academic stress, internet usage time, and cyber delinquency. The data source was the Korea Youth Panel Survey, and the responses from 920 teenagers in the 12th grade provided the study data. Structural equation modeling was used for the analysis. The results indicated that teenager self-control significantly affected the internet usage time. Also, peer attachment, self-control, academic stress, and internet usage significantly affected teenager cyber delinquency. The research results imply that the development of peer attachment and self-control is important to reduce cyber delinquency.
Detection of structural constraints and conformational transitions in the influenza virus RNA genome using structure predictions and mutual information calculations

Inuenza A virus is characterised by remarkable genome di- versity in multiple virus strains. New strains are continuously evolved, occasionally leading to dangerous outbreaks and pandemics. Local RNA secondary structures were predicted in several regions of the inuenza A virus genome. The conserved structures may be functional in either ge- nomic negative-sense RNA (e.g. involved in vRNA packaging) or positive- sense mRNA, regulating gene expression. As thousands of genomic se- quences are available, it is important to estimate the extent of struc- ture conservation and statistically signicant structural constraints. Such constraints are detected using calculations of mutual information and entropy values for the paired nucleotide positions in the conserved struc- tures. Furthermore, these calculations demonstrate the presence of evolu- tionarily conserved alternative conformations such as pseudoknot/hairpin equilibria or alternative hairpins. Remarkably, conformational transitions in some of the inuenza virus lineages that determined major virus out- breaks can also be predicted. The analysis of inuenza virus RNA struc- ture evolution shows that it has an epochal character resembling the evolution of its antigenic properties.
The Association of Thyroid Nodules with Metabolic Status: A Cross-Sectional SPECT-China Study

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the association of thyroid nodules (TNs) and their ultrasound (US) characteristics related to malignancy with metabolic status. Methods The data were obtained from a cross-sectional study (SPECT-China, 2014-2015). The study included 9898 participants older than 18 years. Participants underwent several checkups, which included the measurement of anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, TSH levels, glucose, and lipid profiles. TN and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were diagnosed by US. TN US characteristics, including microcalcification and a taller-than-wide shape, were recorded. Results Participants with TN [TN(+)] had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (Met-S), obesity, central obesity, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, hypertension, and NAFLD, especially women (all P ≤ 0.001). After full adjustment, logistic regression analysis indicated that metabolic syndrome, obesity, central obesity, and hyperlipidaemia were all independent risk factors for the increased prevalence of TN in both genders (P < 0.05). In terms of TN US imaging characteristics associated with malignancy, being female with obesity, central obesity, and NAFLD had 1.91-fold, 2.09-fold, and 1.75-fold increased risks of developing a taller-than-wide nodule (P = 0.014, 0.004, and 0.027, resp.). Conclusions The status of metabolic disorders might be associated with higher risks of TN in both genders. In women, obesity, central obesity, and NAFLD might contribute to the development of a taller-than-wide nodule. The potential role of metabolic status in the pathogenesis of the thyroid nodule and thyroid cancer remains to be elucidated.
A photometric catalogue of southern emission-line stars ?;??

We present a catalogue of previously unpublished optical and infrared photometry for a sample of 162 emission-line objects and shell stars visible from the southern hemisphere. The data were obtained between 1978 and 1997 in the Walraven (WULBV), Johnson/Cousins (UBV(RI)c) and ESO and SAAO near-infrared (JHKLM) photometric systems. Most of the observed objects are Herbig Ae/Be (HAeBe) stars or HAeBe candidates appearing in the list of HAeBe candidates of Th e et al. (1994), although several B(e) stars, LBVs and T Tauri stars are also included in our sample. For many of the stars the data presented here are the rst photo-electric measurements in the literature. The resulting catalogue consists of 1809 photometric measurements. Optical variability was detected in 66 out of the 116 sources that were observed more than once. 15 out of the 50 stars observed multiple times in the infrared showed variability at 2.2 m( K band).
Evaluation of a redirection technique in cooperative caching for MANETs

In this paper, the performance improvement of a Mobile Ad Hoc Network that implements a caching technique based on the redirection of the requests is evaluated. The redirection technique is implemented over a cooperative caching scheme that utilizes both local and redirection caching strategies. For this purpose, the proposed scheme stores information about the location of the documents in the wireless network analyzing the forwarded request and reply messages. By using this information, the documents requests can be redirected to mobile nodes that are known to be closer than the final data server. By means of simulations, the redirection technique is shown to improve the efficiency of the caching process.
Performance Analysis for Transmit-Beamforming with Finite-Rate Feedback

Transmit beamforming achieves optimal perfor- mance in systems with multiple transmit- and single receive- an- tennas, when perfect channel knowledge is available at the trans- mitter. In practical systems where the feedback link can only convey a finite number of bits, the beamformer design has been extensively investigated from both the outage probability and the average signal to noise ratio (SNR) perspectives. In this paper, we study the symbol error rate (SER) for transmit beamforming with finite-rate feedback. We derive a SER lower bound, which is tight for good beamformer designs. Comparing this bound with the SER of the ideal case, we quantify the power loss due to the finite rate constraint, across the entire SNR range. I. INTRODUCTION
Secure signal processing in the cloud: enabling technologies for privacy-preserving multimedia cloud processing

In recent years, the paradigm of cloud computing has gained an increasing interest from the academic community as well as from the commercial point of view. The cloud is a very appealing concept both for the providers (who can benefit from hiring out their extra computation and storage resources) and for the users (who can avoid the initial investment on resources by outsourcing their processes and data to a cloud).
Why Do Contractors Contract? The Experience of Highly Skilled Technical Professionals in a Contingent Labor Market

This study examines 52 highly skilled technical contractors' explanations, in 1998, of why they entered the contingent labor force and how their subsequent experiences altered their viewpoint. The authors report three general implications of their examination of the little-studied high-skill side of contingent labor. First, current depictions of contingent work are inaccurate. For example, contrary to the pessimistic “employment relations” perspective, most of these interviewees found contracting better-paying than permanent employment; and contrary to optimistic “free agent” views, many reported feeling anxiety and estrangement. Second, occupational networks arose to satisfy needs (such as training and wage-setting) that employing organizations satisfy for non-contingent workers. Third, regarding their place in the labor market, high-skilled and well-paid technical contractors cannot be called—as contingent workers usually are—“secondary sector” workers; and their market is not dyadic, with individuals selling labor and firms buying it, but triadic, involving intermediaries such as staffing firms.
Groups of galaxies in the SDSS Data Release 5. A group-finder and a catalogue

Aims. We extract groups of galaxies from the SDSS Data Release 5 with the purpose of studying the supercluster-void network and environmental properties of groups therein. Groups of galaxies as density enhancements can be used to determine the luminosity density field of the network. Methods. We use a modified friends-of-friends (FoF) method with adopt ed variable linking length in transverse and radial directi on to eliminate selection effects and to find reliably as many groups as possible to track th e supercluster network. Results. We take into account various selection effects due to the use of a magnitude limited sample. To determine linking length scaling we study the luminosity-density relation in observed groups. We follow the changes in group sizes and mean galaxy number densities within groups when shifting nearby groups to larger distances. As a result we show that the linking length should be a slowly growing function with distance. Our final sample contains 17 143 groups in the equatorial, and 33219 groups in the northern part of the DR5 survey with membership Ng≥ 2. The group catalogue is available at our web-site (http://www.obs.ee/∼erik/index.html). Conclusions. Due to a narrow magnitude window in the SDSS the group catalogue based on this survey has been obtained by moderately growing linking length scaling law up to redshift z = 0.12. Above this redshift the scaling law turns down. In the redshift range z=0.12 - 0.2 only the cores are detected. Along with applying weights when calculating luminosities it is possible to use gr oups for determination of the large-scale luminosity-density fi eld.
Excellent outcomes in combined liver‐kidney transplantation: Impact of kidney donor profile index and delayed kidney transplantation

The positive impact of delayed kidney transplantation (KT) on patient survival for combined liver‐kidney transplantation (CLKT) has already been demonstrated by our group. The purpose of this study is to identify whether the quality of the kidneys (based on kidney donor profile index [KDPI]) or the delayed approach KT contributes to improved patient survival. In total, 130 CLKTs were performed between 2002 and 2015, 69 with simultaneous KT (group S) and 61 with delayed KT (group D) (performed as a second operation with a mean cold ischemia time [CIT] of 50 ± 15 hours). All patients were categorized according to the KDPI score: 1%‐33%, 34%‐66%, and 67%‐99%. Recipient and donor characteristics were comparable within groups S and D. Transplant outcomes were comparable within groups S and D, including liver and kidney CIT, warm ischemia time, and delayed graft function. Lower KDPI kidneys (<34%) were associated with increased patient survival in both groups. The combination of delayed KT and KDPI 1%‐33% resulted in 100% patient survival at 3 years. These results support that delayed KT in CLKT improves patient survival. The combination of delayed KT and low KDPI offers excellent patient survival up to 3 years. Improved outcomes in the delayed KT group including high KDPI kidneys supports expansion of the donor pool with the use of more extended criteria donor and donation after circulatory death kidneys. Liver Transplantation 24 222–232 2018 AASLD.
Introduction and proliferation of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A clones that cause acute otitis media in an unvaccinated population.

BACKGROUND Introduction of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the United States in 2000 was temporally associated with an increase in the incidence of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A (Sp19A) and with increasing drug resistance within this serotype. A causative role of PCV7 was speculated. We prospectively studied the dynamics of acute otitis media (AOM) caused by Sp19A in southern Israel before the introduction of PCV7. METHODS AOM in children < 5 years old undergoing tympanocentesis during 1999-2006 was studied. Antibiotic prescriptions for approximately 20% of children < 5 years old were recorded. Sp19A isolates were studied for antibiotic-resistance and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns; multilocus sequence typing of representative isolates was compared with that of international clones. RESULTS Sp19A caused 438 (9.8%) of 4449 pneumococcal AOM episodes, increasing by 63.1% from 1999-2001 (mean +/- SD, 8.4% +/- 0.8%) to 2004-2006 (mean +/- SD, 13.7% +/- 0.9%) among Bedouin children, who were characterized by overcrowding and high antibiotic use. Penicillin, erythromycin, and multidrug resistance increased from < 10% to 78.6%, 50.0%, and 50.0%, respectively (P < .001), and was associated with the introduction and proliferation of 2 multidrug-resistant clones that were not previously associated with multidrug resistance. This was temporally associated with the introduction of and rapid increase in azithromycin use and the frequent use of oral cephalosporins. CONCLUSIONS The introduction and proliferation of multidrug-resistant Sp19A occurred before the introduction of PCV7. The increasing proportion of antibiotic-resistant Sp19A suggests that antibiotic use plays an important role in the community.
Using cellular automata on recommendation mechanism for smart parking in vehicular environments

In this work, we propose an innovative adaptive recommendation mechanism for smart parking. The cognitive radio (CR) module will transmit the vehicle location information and parking space requirement to parking congestion computing center (PCCC) when the driver need to find a parking space. Moreover we use cellular automata (CA) model mechanism for those parking spaces in the parking lot, it can adjust the situation that some parking lots are full and some are not. Here the PCCC can compute with vehicle location information, nearest parking lot, parking lot status and the same or opposite driving direction. We take the driving direction into consideration can reduce road congestion and speed up finding a parking space from vehicles turning around. The recommendation will be sent to drivers after computation and analysis by PCCC and through the wireless communication CR model. The current study evaluates the performance of the approach by conducting computer simulations. Simulation results the strengths of the proposed smart parking mechanism in terms of increased congestion avoiding and decrease parking space finding time.
Recent insights into fatty liver, metabolic dyslipidaemia and their links to insulin resistance

Purpose of review To summarize recent research into the mechanisms linking insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic dyslipidaemia. Recent findings Pathologically increased nonesterified fatty acids have widely been viewed as a key driver of hepatic insulin resistance/nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/metabolic dyslipidaemia. However, this may have been overestimated, and growing evidence now also implicates dysregulated hepatic de-novo lipogenesis in the pathogenesis of these phenomena. This is driven by the action of hyperinsulinaemia on the liver, mediated by PI3 kinase, though consensus on the downstream effectors remains to be reached. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and/or components of the attendant unfolded protein response have also emerged as players in dysregulated hepatic metabolism due to nutritional overload. Several points of convergence between metabolic and unfolded protein response pathways have been described, notably centring on the transcription factor XBP1. Summary Insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic dyslipidaemia are inextricably linked and need to be considered together. Modelling and dissecting prevalent forms of the disease is complex, but unrestrained de-novo lipogenesis driven by hyperinsulinaemia appears to play an important role. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and the associated unfolded protein response may also contribute to cellular mismatch between triglyceride secretion/metabolism and synthesis, though a complete picture has yet to emerge.
Do visually impaired people have a static balance as effective as sighted people?

BACKGROUND Neuroplastic compensations are reported to improve static balance in visually impaired people (VIP). OBJECTIVE To compare the static balance of VIP with control sighted subjects in different conditions of proprioceptive disturbance. METHODS Thanks to a stabilometric platform, static balance was determined by measuring (1) the speed of displacement of the center of pressure of the subjects and (2) its total surface. Recordings on surfaces with (foam) or without (hard) proprioceptive disturbance were taken with both open and closed eyes. RESULTS We compared 38 VIP to 36 control subjects. On hard surface, the speed of displacement was always higher in VIP than in control. On the foam surface, the speed was higher in VIP with open eyes while no difference was seen with closed eyes. The total surface of displacement was larger in VIP on the foam surface with open eyes while there was no difference either with closed eyes or on hard surface between VIP and control. CONCLUSIONS Static balance with open eyes is more precarious in VIP than in control. Nevertheless, VIP subjects do as well as control sighted subjects with closed eyes as shown by similar total surface of displacement irrespective with the type of surface.
Sidelobe Control in Adaptive Beamforming Using a Penalty Function

The use of a simple penalty function to control the sidelobes in a least squares adaptive beamformer is described. The algorithm is formulated in both the covariance and data domains, the latter being more suitable for finite precision arithmetic and parallel computation. The power of the basic technique is demonstrated in the context of a linear antenna array by using it to suppress mainbeam jamming.
clearance of apoptotic cells and platelet aggregation A soluble form of the Mer receptor tyrosine kinase inhibits macrophage

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Atavisms and the homology of hyobranchial elements in lower vertebrates

The homology of branchial arch segments in salamanders has been a matter of controversy since the last century. Many investigators term the most medial paired elements of salamander branchial arches “ceratobranchials” and the next distal paired elements “epibranchials. ” This suggests that the first two segmental elements of the salamander branchial arch are not homologous with elements occupying the same position in ray‐finned fishes, Latimeria, “rhipidistians,” and lungfishes, in which these bones are called hypobranchials and ceratobranchials, respectively. Three lines of evidence suggest that it is more parsimonious to interpret urodele branchial arch segments as being homologous with those of other vertebrate clades−(1) comparative osteology, (2) comparative myology, and (3) the discovery of cartilaginous structures forming a third segmental unit that we interpret as atavistic epibranchials of the branchial arch in one population of the salamander Notophthalmus viridescens. These structures possess all the defining attributes of atavisms, and illustrate the special role that atavistic features play in resolving questions of homology recognition.