Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AnAphoric AnnotAtion And corpus-BAsed AnAphorA resolution : An experiment

The paper describes the noun phase and anaphora annotation in OpenCorpora and compares it to that in other corpora. We discuss the choice of representative texts for anaphoric annotation and the basic principles of syntactic annotation. In case of noun phrase annotation we followed the scheme introduced earlier for morphological annotation: it was carried out in two stages: firstly, all noun phrases and some other syntactic units were annotated by a heterog-enous group of people, then a linguist compared all markup results and found the best one, or corrected mistakes. We present some annotation results and cases of annotator's disagreement and proceed to introduce our data-driven anaphora resolution system based on decision trees. We then list the features used to fit the classificator and discuss their relevance and some changes which improved the classificator performance. We also present out rule-based approach to automated noun phrase extraction using Tomita parser. A baseline for anaphora resolution is introduced and we compare it with our results.
Neurofibromatosis-1 regulation of neural stem cell proliferation and multilineage differentiation operates through distinct RAS effector pathways

In this study, Chen et al. used Nf1 genetically engineered mice coupled with genetic and pharmacologic inhibitor strategies to investigate the mechanisms of neurofibromin control of NSC proliferation and multilineage differentiation. They demonstrate that neurofibromin differentially controls NSC proliferation and multilineage differentiation through the selective use of the PI3K/AKT and RAF/MEK pathways, providing new insights into the roles for the RAS effector pathways in regulating brain NSC function.
Parry expansions of polynomial sequences.

We prove that the sum-of-digits function with respect to certain digital expansions (which are related to linear recurrences) and similarly deﬁned functions evaluated on polynomial sequences of positive integers or primes satisfy a central limit theorem. These digital expansions are special cases of numeration systems associated to primitive substitutions on ﬁnite alphabets, the digits of which form Markov chains and induce Markov partitions of the torus T d . We provide an algorithm to determine the (fractal) boundary of these partitions.
Unfair coin tossing

An ideal coin tossing resource for two parties outputs the same random bit to both parties. We introduce the notion of an unfair coin tossing resource by relaxing both the fairness and the non-influenceability guarantees that an ideal coin toss would provide. The presence of this non-ideal behavior is necessary in order to understand what coin tossing protocols really achieve in the setting of two distrustful parties, since it is known that such an ideal coin tossing resource cannot be constructed whenever a majority of players is dishonest.
SDN-Based Routing for Backhauling in Ultra-Dense Networks

Ultra-Dense Network (UDN) deployment is considered a key element to achieve the requested capacity in future fifth-generation (5G) mobile networks. Backhaul networks in UDNs are formed by heterogeneous links with multi-hop connections and must handle massive traffic. Backhauling in future 5G networks may represent the capacity bottleneck. Therefore, there is the need for efficient and flexible routing schemes able to handle the dynamism of the traffic load in capacity-limited networks. Toward this goal, the emerging Software-Defined Network (SDN) paradigm provides an efficient solution, transferring the routing operation from the data plane switches to a central controller, thus achieving more flexibility, efficiency, and faster convergence time in comparison to conventional networks. This paper proposes and investigates an SDN-approach for an efficient routing in a capacity-limited backhaul network that carries data and control traffic of a heterogeneous UDN. The routing algorithm is centralized in the SDN controller and two different types of traffic flow are considered: data and control plane coordination traffic. The goal is to reduce or even to avoid the amount of traffic that the backhaul network is not able to support, distributing in a fair way the eventual lack of bandwidth among different access points. Simulation results show that with the considered approach the performance significantly improves, especially when there is an excess of traffic load in the network. Moreover, thanks to the SDN-based design, the network can reconfigure the traffic routing depending on the changing conditions.
Science and Economic Aspects of Impact of and Adaptation to Climate Change Induced Water Scarcity in Western US Agriculture

This paper reviews three critical dimensions of climatic impacts to agriculture, which are rarely discussed in a single document: meteorological (global climate models), agronomic (processbased and production function), and economic (mathematical programming and econometric) modeling. We also discuss studies on farmer adaptations, particularly why farmers choose certain adaptations over others. This is followed by a brief assessment of model results in the southwestern United States. Crop simulation analyses suggest that higher-value crops in the region will be most sensitive to climatic changes, while economic analyses suggest that higher crop value may make the crop more attractive for farming under future climatic stress. Such tensions between climate sensitivity and crop value make the study of adaptation in the region all the more critical.
Barrier-to-Autointegration Factor (BAF) involvement in prelamin A-related chromatin organization changes

Chromatin disorganization is one of the major alterations linked to prelamin A processing impairment. In this study we demonstrate that BAF is necessary to modulate prelamin A effects on chromatin structure. We show that when prelamin A and BAF cannot properly interact no prelamin A-dependent effects on chromatin occur; similar to what is observed in human Nestor Guillermo Progeria Syndrome cells harboring a BAF mutation, in HEK293 cells expressing a BAF mutant unable to bind prelamin A, or in siRNA mediated BAF-depleted HEK293 cells expressing prelamin A. BAF is necessary to induce histone trimethyl-H3K9 as well as HP1-alpha and LAP2-alpha nuclear relocalization in response to prelamin A accumulation. These findings are enforced by electron microscopy evaluations showing how the prelamin A-BAF interaction governs overall chromatin organization. Finally, we demonstrate that the LAP2-alpha nuclear localization defect observed in HGPS cells involves the progerin-BAF interaction, thus establishing a functional link between BAF and prelamin A pathological forms.
Heart Disease Diagnosis using Support Vector Machine

Medical diagnosis is considered an art regardless of all standardization efforts made, which is greatly due to the fact that medical diagnosis necessitates an expertise in coping with uncertainty simply not found in today's computing machinery. The researchers are encouraged by the advancement in computer technology and machine learning techniques to develop software to assist doctors in making decision without necessitating the direct consultation with the specialists. In this paper, application of artificial intelligence in typical heart disease diagnosis has been investigated. In this research, an intelligent system based support vector machine along with a radial basis function network is presented for the diagnosis. Expert system based on clinical symptoms is used to decide what type of heart disease is possible to appear for a patient, whether it is heart attack or not. The support vector machine with sequential minimal optimization algorithm is applied to India based patients' data set. Then, the Radial Basis Function (RBF) network structure trained by Orthogonal Least Square (OLS) algorithm is applied to same data set for predictions. Results obtained show that support vector machine can be successfully used for diagnosing heart disease. The role of effective diagnosis and the advantages of data training on machine learning- based automatic medical diagnosis system are suggested by the outcomes.
Meningococcal serogroup B vaccines: Estimating breadth of coverage

ABSTRACT Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) is an important cause of invasive meningococcal disease. The development of safe and effective vaccines with activity across the diversity of MenB strains has been challenging. While capsular polysaccharide conjugate vaccines have been highly successful in the prevention of disease due to meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, and Y, this approach has not been possible for MenB owing to the poor immunogenicity of the MenB capsular polysaccharide. Vaccines based on outer membrane vesicles have been successful in the prevention of invasive MenB disease caused by the single epidemic strain from which they were derived, but they do not confer broad protection against diverse MenB strains. Thus, alternative approaches to vaccine development have been pursued to identify vaccine antigens that can provide broad protection against the epidemiologic and antigenic diversity of invasive MenB strains. Human factor H binding protein (fHBP) was found to be such an antigen, as it is expressed on nearly all invasive disease strains of MenB and can induce bactericidal responses against diverse MenB strains. A bivalent vaccine (Trumenba®, MenB-FHbp, bivalent rLP2086) composed of equal amounts of 2 fHBP variants from each of the 2 immunologically diverse subfamilies of fHBP (subfamilies A and B) was the first MenB vaccine licensed in the United States under an accelerated approval pathway for prevention of invasive MenB disease. Due to the relatively low incidence of meningococcal disease, demonstration of vaccine efficacy for the purposes of licensure of bivalent rLP2086 was based on vaccine-elicited bactericidal activity as a surrogate marker of efficacy, as measured in vitro by the serum bactericidal assay using human complement. Because bacterial surface proteins such as fHBP are antigenically variable, an important component for evaluation and licensure of bivalent rLP2086 included stringent criteria for assessment of breadth of coverage across antigenically diverse and epidemiologically important MenB strains. This review describes the rigorous approach used to assess broad coverage of bivalent rLP2086. Alternative nonfunctional assays proposed for assessing vaccine coverage are also discussed.
Measuring Multidimensional Vulnerability in Afghanistan

This paper seeks to develop a methodology towards measuring multidimensional vulnerability in post conflict environments. Vulnerability is defined as the combination of lack of entitlements and exposure to risks (Ahmed & Gassmann, 2009). The occurrence of a shock has varying impact on well-being. For some households, there is little or no decrease in well-being, whereas for others, there is a high fall in well-being, making households vulnerable. The occurrence of a conflict reduces household functionings, a loss that is caused by not only a fall in entitlements but also a breakdown in the process by which entitlements are converted into functionings. The former, lack of entitlements, leads to internal defenselessness and manifests itself in terms of reduced resilience. The latter, exposure to risk, results from external defenselessness, which manifests itself in terms of heightened fragility. Using data from the 2005 National Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (NRVA), we apply the framework to Afghanistan and develop a profile of households in Afghanistan that experience multidimensional vulnerability. The paper argues that while lack of entitlements is pervasive in Afghanistan, majority of households suffer from a combination of exposure to risk and lack of entitlements.
Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Holidays for Osteoporosis Fracture Prevention: A Systematic Review

• Evidence on the effects of long-term osteoporosis drug treatment and drug continuation versus discontinuation is mostly limited to white, healthy, postmenopausal women. • Long-term alendronate reduces radiographic vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in women with osteoporosis; long-term zoledronate reduces vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in women with osteopenia or osteoporosis. • Long-term bisphosphonates may increase atypical femoral fractures and osteonecrosis of the jaw, although both are rare. • In women with osteoporosis, long-term raloxifene reduces vertebral fractures, but not hip or nonvertebral fractures, and increases venous thromboembolism. • Long-term oral hormone therapies reduce hip and clinical fractures but increase multiple serious harms. • Evidence is insufficient about the effects of long-term denosumab, risedronate, ibandronate, teriparatide, and abaloparatide on fractures and harms. • Continuing bisphosphonates after 3–5 years versus discontinuation reduces some measures of vertebral fractures, but not nonvertebral fractures. Long-Term Drug Therapy and Drug Holidays for Osteoporosis Fracture Prevention: A Systematic Review
Predicting the Factor Content of Foreign Trade: Theory and Evidence

This paper examines the multi-cone specification of the factor proportion theory of international trade. I show that Helpman's bilateral restrictions on the factor of content of trade, which have found recent empirical support by Choi and Krishna (2004), need to be amended to account for multilateralism. I identify additional restrictions and show that these restrictions form the building block for a multi-cone factor content prediction which generalizes Alan Deardorff's well-known chain of comparative advantage prediction to multiple countries and factors. Applying Choi and Krishna's data set to this multi-lateral specification, I find little empirical support for the multi-cone prediction.
Control of IPM Synchronous Generator for Maximum Wind Power Generation Considering Magnetic Saturation

Permanent-magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) are commonly used for small variable-speed wind turbines to produce high efficiency, high reliability, and low cost wind power generation. This paper proposes a novel control scheme for an interior PMSG (IPMSG) driven by a wind turbine to achieve the maximum wind power generation and loss minimization. The effect of magnetic saturation, which causes the highly nonlinear characteristics of the IPMSG, is considered in the control scheme design procedure. The optimal d-axis and q- axis stator current commands are obtained as functions of the generator speed by solving a constrained nonlinear optimization problem that minimizes the copper and core losses in the IPMSG while considering the voltage and current limits of the IPMSG. To eliminate the effects of nonlinearity caused by magnetic saturation, an input-output feedback linearization (IOL) technique is applied to design the high-performance nonlinear current controllers. Implementation results show that the proposed control scheme provides the wind generation system with the maximum efficiency and high dynamic performance.
The Apoptosis Inhibitor ARC Alleviates the ER Stress Response to Promote β-Cell Survival

Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance and β-cell failure leading to inadequate insulin secretion. An important component of β-cell failure is cell loss by apoptosis. Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) is an inhibitor of apoptosis that is expressed in cardiac and skeletal myocytes and neurons. ARC possesses the unusual property of antagonizing both the extrinsic (death receptor) and intrinsic (mitochondria/endoplasmic reticulum [ER]) cell death pathways. Here we report that ARC protein is abundant in cells of the endocrine pancreas, including >99.5% of mouse and 73% of human β-cells. Using genetic gain- and loss-of-function approaches, our data demonstrate that ARC inhibits β-cell apoptosis elicited by multiple inducers of cell death, including ER stressors tunicamycin, thapsigargin, and physiological concentrations of palmitate. Unexpectedly, ARC diminishes the ER stress response, acting distal to protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) and inositol-requiring protein 1α, to suppress C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) induction. Depletion of ARC in isolated islets augments palmitate-induced apoptosis, which is dramatically rescued by deletion of CHOP. These data demonstrate that ARC is a previously unrecognized inhibitor of apoptosis in β-cells and that its protective effects are mediated through suppression of the ER stress response pathway.
Implementation of hybrid differential evolution to solve unit commitment

This paper proposes hybrid differential evolution (HDE) combined with Lagrangian relaxation (LR) to solve the unit commitment problem (UCP). In this paper HDE algorithm is used to tune the Lagrangian multipliers. The UCP is solved by the LR method. The proposed approach is tested for 10 units with 24 hours demand horizon and compared with other methods to verify its robustness.
Syllable-onset acoustic properties associated with syllable-coda voicing

This study investigates durational and spectral variation in syllable-onset /l/s dependent on voicing in the coda. 1560 pairs of (C)lVC monosyllables differing in the voicing of the final stop were read by 4 British English speakers. Onset /l/ was longer before voiced than voiceless codas, and darker (for 3 speakers) as measured by F2 frequency and spectral centre of gravity. Differences due to other variables (lexical status, isolation/carrier context, syllable onset, vowel quality and regional accent) are outlined. It is proposed that coda voicing is a feature associated with the whole syllable, phonetically implemented as a variety of properties spread throughout the syllabic domain. Implications for word recognition are outlined.
CORRIDOR USE BY DIVERSE TAXA

One of the most popular approaches for maintaining populations and con- serving biodiversity in fragmented landscapes is to retain or create corridors that connect otherwise isolated habitat patches. Working in large-scale, experimental landscapes in which open-habitat patches and corridors were created by harvesting pine forest, we showed that corridors direct movements of different types of species, including butterflies, small mam- mals, and bird-dispersed plants, causing higher movement between connected than between unconnected patches. Corridors directed the movement of all 10 species studied, with all corridor effect sizes . 68%. However, this corridor effect was significant for five species, not significant for one species, and inconclusive for four species because of small sample sizes. Although we found no evidence that corridors increase emigration from a patch, our results show that movements of disparate taxa with broadly different life histories and functional roles are directed by corridors.
Hypoxic mitophagy regulates mitochondrial quality and platelet activation and determines severity of I/R heart injury

Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies many prevalent diseases including heart disease arising from acute ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Here, we demonstrate that mitophagy, which selectively removes damaged or unwanted mitochondria, regulated mitochondrial quality and quantity in vivo. Hypoxia induced extensive mitochondrial degradation in a FUNDC1-dependent manner in platelets, and this was blocked by in vivo administration of a cell-penetrating peptide encompassing the LIR motif of FUNDC1 only in wild-type mice. Genetic ablation of Fundc1 impaired mitochondrial quality and increased mitochondrial mass in platelets and rendered the platelets insensitive to hypoxia and the peptide. Moreover, hypoxic mitophagy in platelets protected the heart from worsening of I/R injury. This represents a new mechanism of the hypoxic preconditioning effect which reduces I/R injury. Our results demonstrate a critical role of mitophagy in mitochondrial quality control and platelet activation, and suggest that manipulation of mitophagy by hypoxia or pharmacological approaches may be a novel strategy for cardioprotection. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.21407. 001
Arbitrarily resizing of digital image in DCT domain

Arbitrarily resizing of digital images is needed in many applications, such as transmission of images over communication channels whose bandwidth varying widely, or display of the pre-encoding program on devices with different resolution. This paper presents a new algorithm, which possesses the capability of arbitrarily image resizing in compressed domain. Experimental results confirm that this scheme can achieve significant computation cost reduction while maintain better quality. Hence, it can be efficiently used in standalone image resizing and the transcoding applications which require real time processing.
Impact of Collusion and Coalitions in RISK

Collusion is an agreement between multiple players to conspire against other player(s), yielding higher payoffs than they would get on their own. In a large variety of games, collusion is considered cheating such as in bridge and poker, due to the unfair advantage players receive by revealing key bits of information. Generally, colluding agents are expected to maximize their actions through a reduction of their game tree and state-space searches. Instead of worrying about each other, they can focus on their opponents. This has led to research into game design and algorithms to: detect, prevent and penalize colluding agents [7].
Motion control of passive dance partner robot by using servo brakes

This paper introduces a passive dance partner robot for realizing the effective human-robot cooperation. Different from the active-type robot with servo motors, the passive robot is controlled by the servo brakes attached to the wheels of the robot and its driving force is the actual force/moment applied by a human. We also propose a control architecture referred to as CAST (Control Architecture for Step Transition) for passive dance partner robot. This paper especially focuses on the Motion Generator in CAST. The Motion Generator controls the brake torque of each wheel with servo brake attached to the mobile base of the robot and realizes the ballroom dancing of the robot together with a human partner.
KANSHIN: A Cross-Lingual Concern Analysis System Using Multilingual Blog Articles

An architecture of cross-lingual concern analysis (CLCA) using multilingual blog articles, and its prototype system are described. As various people who are living in various countries use the Web, cross-lingual information retrieval (CLIR) plays an important role in the next generation search. In this paper, we propose a CLCA as one of CLIR applications for facilitating users to find concerns of people across languages. We propose a layer architecture of CLCA, and its prototype system called KANSHIN. The system collects Japanese, Chinese, Korean, and English blog articles, and analyzes concerns across languages. Users can find concerns from several viewpoints such as temporal, geographical, and a network of blog sites. The system also facilitates users to browse multilingual keywords using Wikipedia, and the system facilitates users to find spam blogs. An overview of the CLCA architecture and the system are described.