Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optical fiber ultrasonic nondestructive testing based on frequency modulated continuous wave

Optical fiber sensing technology is gradually replacing the traditional ultrasonic monitoring sensors. In this paper, we proposed an ultrasonic nondestructive testing (NDT) method based on frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW). It had been demonstrated that this method was capable of detecting the ultrasonic wave with a center frequency of 130kHz emitted by piezoelectric ceramic sheets, and a signal-to-noise ratio of ~15dB had been obtained on a nondestructive aluminum plate. When the system was applied to the aluminum plate with cracks of different lengths, the amplitude of the acoustic signal changed, which proved the possibility of the system for ultrasonic NDT in metal plates.
Coherent Signal DOA Estimation for MIMO Radar under Composite Background of Strong Interference and Non-Uniform Noise

To address the problems of low accuracy and low robustness of the conventional algorithm in estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) of coherent signals against a composite background of strong interference and non-uniform noise, in this paper, a coherent signal DOA estimation algorithm based on fixed projection blocking is proposed in conjunction with a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar. The covariance matrix of the received signal is first decomposed by eigenvalues, and a fixed projection matrix orthogonal to the interference guidance vector is constructed as the interference blocking matrix. Then, the received array signal is pre-processed to re-form the covariance matrix, and this matrix is rendered decoherent through a Toeplitz reconstruction. Finally, the reconstructed covariance matrix is estimated by DOA using the propagation operator algorithm to reduce the complexity. The simulation verifies that the proposed algorithm has a better robustness and higher accuracy than conventional algorithms for the DOA estimation of coherent signals in composite backgrounds.
Theory of the dynamical viscosity of polymer solutions

A dynamical theory of polymer viscosity in dilute polymer solutions is presented. This theory includes the internal chain dynamics and the full dynamics of the hydrodynamic interactions within a polymer chain. The formulation considers the full dynamical coupled equations describing the internal motions of the polymer, the hydrodynamic behavior of the fluid, the polymer‐fluid coupling, and the random forces which are responsible for the Brownian motion of the chain. Thus, the theory would reduce to the generalized Kirkwood theory if the dynamics of the hydrodynamics were ignored and the explicit treatment of the polymer dynamics and the random forces were dropped in favor of the thermodynamic force of the Kirkwood theory. As illustrative examples, only the simplest hopping‐type models for the polymer dynamics are considered; the nature of the random forces is elucidated by the use of the fluctuation dissipation theorem; and the preaveraged dynamical hydrodynamic interactions are incorporated (with a pheno.
Adiabatic control of atomic population and distortion-free propagation of short laser pulses in multilevel media

A relatively simple technique of analytic calculation based on the method of quasienergies is proposed, which allows all necessary conditions for lossless short pulse propagation in a multilevel atomic medium to be revealed. The method is illustrated for three- and five-level atomic systems. The dynamics of pulse propagation in a multilevel medium is demonstrated for the case of a W-system of levels. The conditions for adiabatic interaction in a medium are obtained.
Modeling of growth curve in farm bred broiler rabbits in organized rabbitry

Rabbit rearing across the Indian subcontinent is growing rapidly. Growth traits are important parameters on which rabbits are being evaluated. Mathematical models have been tried to establish a relationship between body weight and time. Data spread over six years on the weekly body weight of Soviet Chinchilla and White Giant rabbits were collected and subjected to analysis for assessment of genetic parameters and factors which influence the weekly body weight. Three nonlinear growth models; Gompertz, Logistic, and Von Bertalanffy were fitted for both the breeds separately as well as collectively. The least squares mean for weekly body weights in rabbits from weaning to maturity showed an increasing trend. White Giant rabbits weigh higher than Soviet Chinchilla. The period and season of kindling had a significant influence on the weekly body weight of rabbits. The value of growth curve parameter k (an indicator of growth performance) was estimated to be higher for White Giant by all three models. All three models performed well with a high coefficient of determination values. However, Von Bertalanffy model fitted well for Soviet Chinchilla and Gompertz model for the White Giant as well as when both the breeds were fitted collectively.
CHUX Toolkit: A Method to Evaluate Long Term User Experience with Children

This paper reports on a study to understand the effectiveness of using the CHUX Toolkit to evaluate long term user experience with children. A study was conducted over 5 weeks to evaluate Purple Mash using the CHUX Toolkit that comprises of a diary and graphing tool with interviews. The participants were 26 children, aged between 9 and 10 years, from a UK primary school. Three constructs were analysed: Enjoyment, Learning and Ease of Use. The results showed that children could independently complete the diaries and graphing tool to report their experiences of using Purple Mash. CHUX enabled the researchers to understand how their experiences changed over time and identify the reasons behind this. There was consistency between the data reported in the different tools. The contribution of this paper is a new method for evaluating long term user experience with children.
Holographic scattering in photopolymer-dispersed liquid crystals

Strong polarization-conserving holographic scattering was observed in a photopolymer-dispersed liquid crystal film fabricated from the UV curable mixture of commercially available constituents. During the photopolymerization process a bright corona of diffracted light evolves around the pump beam. The intensity of the rotationally symmetric light distribution increases upon exposure. By rotating the sample, two characteristic diffraction rings appear which can be explained by the Ewald sphere construction. Our results demonstrate that the associated parasitic holograms are very pronounced. Hence, their presence must be accounted for whenever preparing and utilizing holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals in any application.
Stochastic resonance in the Landau-Ginzburg equation

The mechanism of stochastic resonance is studied in the case of the Landau-Ginzburg equation stochastically and periodically perturbed, by taking advantage of recent developments on the stochastic partial differential equations. Analytical expressions are given for computing the exit times of the system and to estimate the range of the noise for which the stochastic resonance is possible.
A Study on Cultural Context Perception in Huizhou Cultural and Ecological Reserve Based on Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis

Tourists’ environmental perception is the decisive factor of cultural tourism experience. Although this topic research is relatively common, there are essential differences between different theme tourism areas. This study selects the national Huizhou Cultural and Ecological Reserve in China as the research object, which has a diverse cultural field, a wide range of researchable levels, and research theoretical support, and focuses on the evaluation of tourists’ environmental perceptions of cultural-themed tourism reserves. The research is in line with the basic consensus of the international community on the relationship between NRM conservation and sustainable development and has a positive significance for cultural conservation. In this study, nine indicators were constructed from the three dimensions of cultural perception, environmental perception, and emotional perception, including mental pleasure, experience comfort, audiovisual richness, cultural awareness, cultural diversity, cultural influence, facilities completeness, environment tidiness, and travel convenience. Questionnaires (283) were distributed, 260 of which were valid. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy method were used to study the cultural context perception of Huizhou Cultural Ecological Reserve. The Cronbach coefficient was 0.977, the KMO value was 0.953, and the validity was 91.87%. The research results show that, first, tourists’ perception level from high to low is cultural perception (0.351), environmental perception (0.349), and emotional perception (0.301). Secondly, the factors most strongly perceived by tourists are tourism convenience (0.129), cultural influence (0.126), cultural diversity (0.118), and facilities completeness (0.115). Thirdly, improving tourists’ spiritual pleasure, experience comfort, audiovisual richness, cultural recognition, and environmental cleanliness is conducive to promoting tourists’ perception and experience.
The Latest Breakthroughs in Immunotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia, with a Special Focus on NKG2D Ligands

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of stem and myeloid progenitor cells. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the care for other cancers such as solid tumors and lymphomas, and has the potential to effectively treat AML. There has been substantial progress in the developments of immunotherapeutic approaches for AML over the last several years, including the development of antibodies that further increase the innate immunogenicity of leukemia cells by the inhibition of NKG2D ligand—particularly MICA and MICB—shedding, chimeric proteins such as IL-15 superagonist that expand natural killer (NK) cells, blockers of immunologic checkpoints such as NKG2A, and chemicals that indirectly increase expression of immune stimulatory proteins in leukemia stem cells. Furthermore, cellular therapies have been designed to enable alloreactive immunity by allogeneic NK cells or target leukemia antigens such as mutated NPM1. These immunotherapeutic approaches have demonstrated remarkable efficacies in preclinical studies and have successfully transitioned to early phase clinical trials, to establish safety and initial signal of clinical activity. Here, we briefly discuss some of the most recent and impactful developments in the AML immunotherapy field and provide our perspectives for the future directions of this exciting and new therapeutic opportunity.
Compositional Analysis of the Dental Biomimetic Hybrid Nanomaterials Based on Bioinspired Nonstoichiometric Hydroxyapatite with Small Deviations in the Carbonate Incorporation

In our paper, we discuss the results of a comprehensive structural-spectroscopic and microscopic analysis of non-stoichiometric nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (CHAp) with low carbonate anion content and biomimetic hybrid nanomaterials produced on its basis. It was shown that hydroxyapatite nanocrystals synthesized by chemical precipitation and biogenic calcium source mimic the properties of biogenic apatite and also have a morphological organization of “core–shell” type. The “core” of the CHAp nanocrystal is characterized by an overabundance of calcium Ca/P~1.9. Thus “a shell” with thickness of ~3–5 nm is formed from intermediate apatite-like phases where the most probable are octocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and tricalcium phosphate. The multimode model of the Raman profile of samples CHAp and biomimetic composites for spectral region 900–1100 cm−1 proposed in our work has allowed to allocate precise contribution of B-type carbonate substitution, taking into account the presence on a surface of “core” HAp nanocrystal of various third-party intermediate apatite-like phases. The calibration function constructed on the basis of the described model makes it possible to reliably determine small concentrations of carbonate in the structure of hydroxyapatite with the application of Raman express method of diagnostics. The results of our work can inspire researchers to study the processes of induced biomineralization in mineralized tissues of the human body, using non-destructive methods of control with simultaneous analysis of chemical bonding, as well as determining the role of impurity atoms in the functions exhibited by biotissue.
Ionic Transport in Twin Domain Walls

We report the results of an investigation into two of the effects which can enhance the rate of diffusion in twin domain walls relative to the domains themselves. These are strains in the wall and elastic softening of the wall. To investigate them we used a three dimensional model ferroelastic lattice, with interactions between first, second, and third neighbours.
Buoyant production and consumption of turbulence kinetic energy in cloud-topped mixed layers

Abstract Entrainment closure theories for mixed-layer models entail assumptions about how the net rate of buoyant production of turbulence kinetic energy is partitioned into gross production and consumption. Three alternative partitioning theories are examined in this paper: Eulerian partitioning, process partitioning and Lagrangian partitioning. Lagrangian partitioning provides a definition of the gross production rate, but is difficult to implement directly. Eulerian and process partitioning are attempts to implement Lagrangian partitioning indirectly. For the buoyancy fluxes due to a single family of plumes, Eulerian and Lagrangian partitioning are shown to be equivalent. Recent observations reported by Wilczak and Businger rule out such a model. However, it serves as a useful conceptual link between Eulerian and Lagrangian partitioning. Process partitioning can be formulated in a variety of ways. Examples show that mixed-layer model results are very sensitive to the way in which radiative cooling is a.
Mutation in the Endo-β-1,4-glucanase (KORRIGAN) Is Responsible for Thick Leaf Phenotype in Sorghum

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important crop for food, feed, and fuel production. Particularly, sorghum is targeted for cellulosic ethanol production. Extraction of cellulose from cell walls is a key process in cellulosic ethanol production, and understanding the components involved in cellulose synthesis is important for both fundamental and applied research. Despite the significance in the biofuel industry, the genes involved in sorghum cell wall biosynthesis, modification, and degradation have not been characterized. In this study, we have identified and characterized three allelic thick leaf mutants (thl1, thl2, and thl3). Bulked Segregant Analysis sequencing (BSAseq) showed that the causal mutation for the thl phenotype is in endo-1,4-β-glucanase gene (SbKOR1). Consistent with the causal gene function, the thl mutants showed decreased crystalline cellulose content in the stem tissues. The SbKOR1 function was characterized using Arabidopsis endo-1,4-β-glucanase gene mutant (rsw2-1). Complementation of Arabidopsis with SbKOR1 (native Arabidopsis promoter and overexpression by 35S promoter) restored the radial swelling phenotype of rsw2-1 mutant, proving that SbKOR1 functions as endo-1,4-β-glucanase. Overall, the present study has identified and characterized sorghum endo-1,4-β-glucanase gene function, laying the foundation for future research on cell wall biosynthesis and engineering of sorghum for biofuel production.
The Difference Between The Practice Of Passing Underhand The Ball Reflected On The Wall And The Ball Hanging On The Skill Of Passing Underhand Volleyball

The importance of lower passing in the game of volleyball to get the maximum achievement and considering the type of passing training program walled and passing using hanging balls is a method that can be used to improve passing underhand in volleyball games, this study aims to determine the effect of walled passing and passing exercises using hanging balls on lower passing skills at PGRI Jogorogo Junior High School, Ngawi Regency. This study uses a quantitative approach, the type of research is experimental research, the research design uses a randomized control group pretest-posttest, the sample is 39 people, while the data on volleyball passing underhand skills are collected using the lower passing test instrument. The data analysis technique used is an independent sample t-test. The results showed that the sig value of 0.001 < 0.05 which showed that there were differences in the method of passing exercises on the wall and passing using hanging balls against the bottom passing skills of volleyball, this was seen from the average value of the pretest and posttest of the walled passing group of 9.62 compared to the passing group using hanging balls with an average value of 4.31. Where is seen from the difference with an average value of 5,31.
Fabrication of plasmonic thin films and their characterization by optical method and FDTD simulation technique

In this paper we present optical properties of thin metal films deposited on the glass substrates by the physical vapor deposition. Localized surface plasmon polaritons of different film thicknesses have been spectrally characterized by optical methods. Evidence of the Au nanoparticles in deposited thin films have been demonstrated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and their dimensions as well as separations have been evaluated. As a first approximation, the simulation model of deposited nanoparticles without assuming their dimension and separation distributions has been created. Simulation model defines relation between the nanoparticle dimensions and their separations. Model of deposited nanoparticles has been simulated by the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulation method. The pulsed excitation has been used and transmission of optical radiation has been calculated from the spectral response by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analyses. Plasmonic extinctions have been calculated from measured spectral characteristics as well as simulated characteristics and compared with each other. The nanoparticle dimensions and separations have been evaluated from the agreement between the simulation and experimental spectral characteristics. Surface morphology of thin metal film has been used as an input for the detail simulation study based on the experimental observation of metal nanoparticle distribution. Hence, this simulation method includes appropriate coupling effects between nanoparticles and provides more reliable results. Obtained results are helpful for further deep understanding of thin metal films plasmonic properties and simulation method is demonstrated as a powerful tool for the deposition technology optimizations.
Comparison of Commissive Acts between University of Oxford’s and Universitas Indonesia’s Prospectuses

This study aimed to compare Oxford University (OU) as a native English speaker and Universitas Indonesia (UI) as a non-native English speaker in presenting commissive acts in their university prospectus to see their similarities and differences. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The data were an English-written prospectus from OU, The World's Best University and UI, The Best Indonesian University in 2020, based on the 2020 World University Rankings by Times Higher Education (THE). Specifically, data were taken only from forty-nine courses in Undergraduate Programs from each prospectus. Data were analyzed using six types of commissive acts instruments according to Searle, (1976), namely Promise, Threaten, Guarantee, Refuse, Volunteer, and Offer supported with (IFIDs) and Felicity Conditions. Data were analyzed by identifying the types of commissive acts, classifying, comparing, interpreting, and concluding. This study found four similarities; both only presented three types of commissive acts such as Promise, Offer, and Guarantee. Both dominant presented the Guarantee type. Both tend to present commissive acts implicitly. For Promise and Guarantee, both do not present them explicitly. Three differences were; OU presented more commissive acts (312), while UI only (193). On the Promise type, OU tends to address its readers using (you), while UI used (students). On the Offer type, OU only presented it explicitly (27) times, while UI did it explicitly (17) and implicitly (3) times. The results of this study are expected to provide additional information regarding the proper use of commissive acts to attract readers' interest.
Feasibility of using a reliable automated Doppler flow velocity measurements for research and clinical practices

Echocardiographers are often unkeen to make the considerable time investment to make additional multiple measurements of Doppler velocity. Main hurdle to obtaining multiple measurements is the time required to manually trace a series of Doppler traces. To make it easier to analyse more beats, we present an automated system for Doppler envelope quantification. It analyses long Doppler strips, spanning many heartbeats, and does not require the electrocardiogram to isolate individual beats. We tested its measurement of velocity-time-integral and peak-velocity against the reference standard defined as the average of three experts who each made three separate measurements. The automated measurements of velocity-time-integral showed strong correspondence (R2 = 0.94) and good Bland-Altman agreement (SD = 6.92%) with the reference consensus expert values, and indeed performed as well as the individual experts (R2 = 0.90 to 0.96, SD = 5.66% to 7.64%). The same performance was observed for peak-velocities; (R2 = 0.98, SD = 2.95%) and (R2 = 0.93 to 0.98, SD = 2.94% to 5.12%). This automated technology allows <10 times as many beats to be acquired and analysed compared to the conventional manual approach, with each beat maintaining its accuracy.
Asymptotic Distributions of Innovation Density Estimators in Linear Processes

In this article, we demonstrate that at a fixed point, the asymptotic distribution of the innovation density estimator is normal for stationary linear process. Also, we show that the asymptotic distribution of the global measure of the deviation of the density estimator from the expectation of the kernel innovation density (based on the true innovations) is the same as that in the case when we can observe the true innovations.
Stack design for portable artificial muscle generators: is it dangerous to be short and fat?

Dielectric elastomer generators (DEG) are suited for harvesting energy from low frequency and high strain natural sources including wind, wave and human movement. The stack configuration, for instance, in which a number of layers of DE membrane are placed one atop the other, offers a robust, compact and solid-state way for arranging the DE material for energy harvesting during heel strike. But the end conditions at top and bottom of a stack can substantially limit its ability to strain. Using an analytical model for compression of the stack, we have calculated thickness changes in capacitive membranes along the stack for several cylindrical shapes. DE generators that are short and fat will have approximately parabolic profiles with continuous reduction in layer thickness towards the middle. This will result in higher electrical fields at the middle with greater susceptibility to breakdown. For long, thin DEG stacks, the outward bulging will be confined to zones at the two ends with a more uniform cylindrical profile in between. The placing of inexpensive compliant end-caps between the DEG and a rigid structure will promote more homogeneous deformation across the active layers so that the efficacy of these layers for energy harvesting will improve.