Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantitative assessment of hyperspectral imaging in detection of plasmonic nanoparticles: a modified contrast-detail analysis approach

Hyperspectral reflectance imaging (HRI) is an emerging imaging modality being applied for clinical indications such as tissue oximetry, and cancer detection based on endogenous biological constituents including plasmonic nanoparticles. However, there is currently a lack of standardized test methods for objective, quantitative evaluation of HRI system performance. Contrast-detail analysis (CDA) is a phantom-based test method commonly used to evaluate medical imaging devices (e.g., mammography systems) in terms of their lower detection limit. We investigated a modified CDA (mCDA) method to quantify the detectability of gold nanoparticles by HRI systems. Silicone-based turbid phantoms containing micro-fluidic channels were developed for the mCDA tests. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) phantom materials were doped with chromophores and scatterers to achieve biologically relevant optical properties (OPs). Molds were used to produce cylindrical channels of diameters 0.3 to 1.65 mm and depths of 0.2 mm inside the phantoms. Channels were filled with a mixture of hemoglobin and concentrations of gold nanorods (GNR) and measured with our HRI system. The contrast of GNRs was solved with a spectral unmixing algorithm from the reflectance spectra. The lowest detectable concentration was determined as a function of inclusion size and depth and plotted as modified contrast detail curve (mCDC). mCDCs were used to compare the detectabilities of the HRI system with different data processing algorithms. It is demonstrated that our mCDA test method involving turbid microchannel phantoms can help to elucidate the combined performance of imaging devices and plasmonic nanoparticle contrast agents. This approach may be useful for performing clinical trial standardization and device re-calibration, thus ensuring quality control and clinical performance.
GETTING A HANDLE ON FLOOR PLAN ANALYSIS - DOOR CLASSIFICATION IN FLOOR PLANS AND A SURVEY ON EXISTING DATASETS

Abstract Floor plan interpretation and reconstruction is crucial to enable the transformation of drawings to 3D models or different digital formats. It has recently taken advantage of neural-based architectures, especially in the semantic segmentation field. These techniques perform better than traditional methods, but the results depend mainly on the data used to train the networks, which is often crafted for the specific task being performed, making it hard to reuse for different purposes. In this paper, we conduct a literature survey on the existing datasets for floor plan analysis, and we explore how information regarding door placement and orientation can be recovered without having to change the initial data or model. We propose a two-step recognition method based on image segmentation followed by classification of cropped zones to allow data augmentation during training. In the process, we generate a dataset consisting of 35000 annotated door images extracted from an existing dataset.
Ultrashort shock waves in nickel induced by femtosecond laser pulses

The structure and evolution of ultrashort shock waves generated by femtosecond laser pulses in single-crystal nickel films are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Ultrafast laser heating is isochoric, leading to pressurization of a 100-nm-thick layer below the irradiated surface. For low-intensity laser pulses, the highly pressurized subsurface layer breaks into a single elastic shock wave having a combined loading and unloading time ≈10–20 ps. Owing to the time-dependent nature of elastic-plastic transformations, an elastic response is maintained for shock amplitudes exceeding the Hugoniot elastic limit determined from simulations of steady shock waves. However, for high-intensity laser pulses (absorbed laser fluence >0.6 J/cm2), both elastic and plastic shock waves are formed independently from the initial high-pressure state. Acoustic pulses emitted by the plastic front support the motion of the elastic precursor resulting in a fluence-independent elastic amplitude; whereas the unsupported plastic front undergoes significant attenuation during propagation and may fully decay within the metal film.
MINDFUL SPACE IN SENTENCES - A DATASET OF VIRTUAL EMOTIONS FOR NATURAL LANGUAGE CLASSIFICATION

Abstract Spatial emotions have played a critical role in visual-spatial environmental assessment, which can be assessed using bio-sensors and language description. However, information on virtual spatial emotion assessment with objective emotion labels and natural language processing (NLP) is insufficient in literature. Thus, designers’ ability to assess spatial design quantitatively and cost effectively is limited before the design is finalized. This research measures the emotions expressed using electroencephalograms (EEGs) and descriptions in virtual reality (VR) spaces with different parameters. First, 26 subjects experienced 10 designed virtual spaces with a VR headset (Quest 2 device) corresponding to the different space parameters of shape, height, width, and length. Simultaneously, the EEG measured the emotions of the subjects using four electrodes and the five brain waves. Second, two labels – calm and active – were produced using EEGs to describe these virtual reality spaces. Last, this labeled emotion dataset compared the differences among the virtual spaces, human feelings, and the language description of the participants in the VR spatial experience. Experimental results show that the parameter changes of VR spaces can arouse significant fluctuations in the five brain waves. The EEG brain wave signals, in turn, can label the virtual rooms with calm and active emotions. Specifically, in terms of VR spaces and emotions, the experiments find that more relative spatial height results in less active emotions, while round spaces arouse calmness in the human brain waves. Moreover, the precise connection among VR spaces, brain waves in emotion, and languages still needs further research. This research attempts to offer a useful emotion measurement tool in virtual architectural design and description using EEGs. This research identifies potentials for future applications combining physiological metrics and AI methods, i.e., machine learning for synthetic design generation and evaluation.
Fostering Resilience in South African Township Primary School Teachers

Resilience is needed for township teachers to overcome their stressful classroom and school environment. The main objective of this paper is to examine the role of teacher resilience in enabling them to respond positively to challenges they encounter. To address these challenges, the study explored the fostering of resilience in township primary school teachers in the Lejweleputswa District of the Free State Province in South Africa. A qualitative approach was followed as it allowed the researchers to gather the necessary in-depth data based on the opinions, experiences, and beliefs of the participants. The sample of the study consisted of two principals, two heads of department, and thirty-three teachers from two township primary schools. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questionnaires. The study's major findings revealed that the most common challenges adversely affecting teachers’ resilience were a lack of teaching and learning resources, a negative work atmosphere, and overcrowded classes. The study recommends that the fostering of resilience should be brought about by school management teams (SMT) implementing the Resilience Wheel model in support of teachers’ resilience regardless of the challenges they faced.
The Influence of Online Platform on Satisfaction: Mediating Role of Online Shopping Experience

Online shopping become one of the transaction methods for human beings to purchase products and services, especially since the pandemic of COVID-19. The goal of the study is to examine the relationship between functionality, delivery, and security towards satisfaction mediated by the online shopping experience at an e-commerce marketplace platform. The research is a quantitative research approach and gathers data using an online survey. The survey data were collected using an electronic questionnaire on Microsoft Forms from 292 respondents who used e-commerce marketplace platforms. The structural equation method AMOS was utilized to evaluate the data. The results demonstrated as follows: the functionality and delivery variable have a significant effect on online shopping experiences; the online shopping experience variable as mediation has shown a significant effect on satisfaction, however, the security variable has no favorable effect on online shopping experience in e-commerce marketplace platform.
Parabolic Cylinders and Folk Theorems

We study a class of games featuring payoff functions being parabolic cylinders where best reply functions are orthogonal and therefore the pure-strategy non-cooperative solution is attained as a Nash equilibrium in dominant strategies. We prove that the resulting threshold of the discount factor above which implicit collusion on the Pareto frontier is stable in the infinite supergames is independent of the number of players. This holds irrespective of whether punishment is based on infinite Nash reversion or one-shot stick-and-carrot strategy. We outline two examples stemming from economic theory and one from international relations.
Zero-Backflow Power Control Scheme of Dual Bridge Series Resonant DC–DC Converters With High-Accuracy Time Domain Modeling

In the fundamental harmonic approximation (FHA) modeling of dual bridge series resonant dc–dc converters (DBSRCs), the approximation error of the FHA model will lead to low accuracy of optimization schemes, which will reduce the efficiency of DBSRCs. In this article, first, the time domain analysis (TDA) modeling of the DBSRC is adopted, which can describe the characteristics of the DBSRC accurately. Second, the extended phase shift modulation based on the TDA modeling is discussed, and the backflow power model with the TDA of the DBSRC is developed. On this basis, a zero-backflow power optimization scheme is proposed. In addition, the effects of dead time are analyzed and the compensation method is proposed. The proposed backflow power optimization method with dead time compensation can achieve zero-backflow power and improve the efficiency of the DBSRC. Especially, the proposed method with TDA modeling is more excellent when DBSRC operates in wide voltage range conditions. Finally, a comprehensive experiment comparison of DBSRC under the minimum current trajectory with FHA modeling and the proposed method with TDA modeling is discussed. The experimental results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
The Influence of Brand Prestige, Service Quality, Food Quality and Perceived Value on Customer Satisfaction in The Fast-Food Industry

The purpose of this study is to find out any relation between Brand Prestige, Service Quality, Food Quality, and Customer Perceived Value towards Customer Satisfaction in the Fast-Food Industry. As the plan, 101 respondents will be taken in this study. All of them are collected only from fast-food consumers in Jakarta. Some assessments were conducted such as Validity test, Reliability test, Classical Assumption with Normality, Multicollinearity, Heteroscedasticity, and also Multiple Regression. This is the first study to analyze the impact of Brand Prestige, Food Quality, Service Quality and Perceived Value on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty in Fast-Food Industry.
Comparison of Analgesia Treatment Methods After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Network Meta-analysis of 42 Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: The optimal method for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) is still unclear. Purpose: To compare the efficacy of postoperative analgesic methods after ARCR through network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective controlled trials. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception until April 12, 2022, for randomized controlled trials and prospective controlled trials evaluating neuraxial analgesia, peripheral nerve block, periarticular local anesthetic infiltration, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, oral analgesia, or any combination of these methods for pain management after ARCR. Outcomes included pain scores at rest, morphine consumption, and complications (nausea and vomiting). Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Network meta-analysis was used to assess the relative efficacy of the methods for postoperative analgesia. The best choice for postoperative analgesia was defined as the one with significant differences in pain scores and morphine consumption compared with placebo, with no significant difference in complications, during the initial 48 hours postoperatively. Results: Included were 42 studies with 3110 patients. Only suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) was significantly superior to placebo in pain scores (mean difference [MD], –0.93 [95% CI, –1.31 to –0.54] at 6 hours; MD, –2.34 [95% CI, –3.49 to –1.19] at 12 hours) and morphine consumption (MD, –17.70 [95% CI, –32.98 to –2.42] at 24 hours) (P < .05 for all), with no difference in complications (odds ratio, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.21 to 4.32]; P > .05). Pain scores were significantly lower with interscalene nerve block compared with SSNB (MD, –0.69 [95% CI, –1.17 to –0.20] at 6 hours; MD, –1.44 [95% CI, –2.21 to –0.67] at 12 hours) and with SSNB + axillary nerve block compared with SSNB (MD, –3.09 [95% CI, –4.18 to –1.99] at 6 hours; MD, –0.87 [95% CI, –1.71 to –0.03] at 12 hours) (P < .05 for all). Conclusion: Based on the current evidence, most analgesic methods lowered pain and morphine consumption compared with placebo. There were significant differences in pain scores between interscalene nerve block and SSNB during the first 12 hours postoperatively, and adding axillary nerve block to SSNB enhanced the analgesic effect.
Deception Technology Based Intrusion Protection and Detection Mechanism for Digital Substations: A Game Theoretical Approach

Securing substations from cyber attacks is essential to safeguard critical power infrastructure. However, digital substations that are based on the IEC-61850 standard have Generic Object Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE) messages and Sampled Value (SV) messages that are time-critical and thus cannot be protected using encryption techniques. This work presents a study on deception technology (decoys) for mitigating cyber attacks on GOOSE message virtual LAN (VLAN) which is a non-observable strongly connected biography. In this paper, the deployment of defender decoys is proposed by defining observable subgraphs in the VLAN. The defender-attacker interaction is modeled as a single-leader single-follower game with the defender as the leader. The optimal allocation of decoys for asset protection and attack detection is then formulated as a bi-level optimisation problem. Simultaneous allocation and sequential allocation of protection and detection decoys are considered for defender resource allocation. The existence of equilibrium of the defender-attacker game is proven. The model is illustrated in a 3-IED VLAN and performance is evaluated in a 12-IED VLAN system in the PSRC-I5 protection relay report. The results are compared with the zero-sum game model and it is found that the proposed model is capable of mitigating attacks in the GOOSE VLAN
Efficient Calculation of the 3-D Rectangular Waveguide Green’s Functions Derivatives by the Ewald Method

In this contribution, the Ewald method has efficiently been applied to accelerate the computation of the rectangular waveguide Green’s functions (GFs) derivatives. Based on previous works, we have outlined new approximation formulae that avoid the evaluation of computationally expensive complementary error functions of complex argument, needed by the Ewald method. This is possible when the internal medium of the rectangular waveguide is homogeneous and lossless. On the other hand, different convergence numerical studies have been carried out, showing a similar convergence rate for computing the original GFs and their derivatives. Moreover, we have checked that the computational time is only slightly increased for obtaining the derivatives as compared to the original GFs, after the application of these new techniques. The newly derived expressions are useful for the evaluation of electromagnetic fields, the characterization of dielectric materials and step discontinuities between rectangular waveguides, and the analysis of rectangular cavities using integral equation formulations. For validation, the electric field produced by a surface electric current density with a rectangular pulse distribution has been evaluated, using the new proposed expressions. These results have been compared to simulations provided by full-wave finite elements commercial software to verify their correctness, exhibiting a good agreement.
An evaluation of edge roll off on 28nm FDSOI (fully depleted silicon on insulator) product

On product wafers, scanner focus is better controlled at the wafer center than at the wafer edge. This is due, in a large part, to edge roll off effects [1]. This paper quantifies the impact of edge roll off on scanner levelling non-correctable errors and correlates this to on-product effects. The main contributors and mitigation methods are also discussed for a NXT:1950 scanner.
Hindakia tetrachotoma ME03 (Chlorophyta) has high phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and attenuates H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human cells

ABSTRACT Oxidative stress damages cellular components and may lead to cell death when it is not effectively counterbalanced by the endogenous antioxidant mechanisms. Exogenous sources of antioxidants are also necessary to cope with high levels of free radicals. Microalgae are rich sources of diverse metabolites with high antioxidant potential. In this study, metabolites of Hindakia tetrachotoma ME03, a green microalga previously isolated from thermal springs in Türkiye, were chemically fractionated using four solvents (ethanol-water, ethyl acetate, hexane and water). The extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant capacities, total phenolics, flavonoids and carotenoids. The highest antioxidant capacity, phenolic and carotenoid contents were obtained in the ethanol-water extracts. The antioxidant capacity in the ethanol-water extracts was measured as 12.42 ± 1.21 μmol Trolox g–1 DW and 67.98 ± 3.45 μmol Trolox g–1 DW by DPPH and FRAP assays, respectively. Twelve different phenolic compounds in the ethanol-water and ethyl acetate extracts were quantified by reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography. Quercetin and rutin were the most abundant phenolics in the ethanol-water extracts, whereas the ethyl acetate extract was rich in phenolic precursor, benzoic acid. Finally, the cytoprotective effect of ethanol-water extracts of H. tetrachotoma ME03 against H2O2-induced oxidative damage was investigated using an in vitro cell line model of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7). Hindakia tetrachotoma ME03 extracts significantly decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic cells in MCF7 cells. These findings suggest the strong cytoprotective activity of H. tetrachotoma ME03 extracts, which may be conferred by its antioxidative properties.
A Systematic Review of the Influence of Overweight and Obesity across the Lifespan on Obstacle Crossing during Walking

This study aimed to systematically review and summarize the available data regarding the influence of overweight and obesity across the lifespan on obstacle crossing during walking. Four databases were systematically searched with no limitation on publication date following the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and PRISMA guidelines. Only full-text English-language articles published in a peer-reviewed journal were eligible. They had to compare obstacle crossing during walking by overweight or obese individuals with individuals of normal body weight. Five studies were considered eligible. All the studies assessed kinematics; only one assessed kinetics, but none investigated muscle activity or obstacle contact. Compared to normal individuals crossing obstacles, overweight or obese individuals exhibited lower velocity, shorter step length, lower cadence, and less time spent in single-limb support. They also exhibited increased step width, more time spent in double support, and greater trailing leg ground force reaction and centre of mass acceleration. Overall, the small number of included studies did not allow us to draw any conclusions. However, being overweight or obese seems to have a potentially negative influence on the kinematics of gait parameters due to a tendency to trip, fall, and suffer severe fall-related injuries when negotiating obstacles on foot in real-life environments.
On Rank One Commutators and Triangular Representations

Abstract Starting with the extension of Lomonosov's Lemma by Tychonoff fixed point theorem, a result of Daughtry and Kim — Pearcy-Shields on rank-one commutators is extended to the context of locally convex spaces. Non-zero diagonal coefficients, eigenvalues and simultaneous triangular representations of compact operators on locally convex spaces are studied.
Pulse Wave Morphology Changes in Aortic Valve Stenosis Detected with Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index

Background Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAV) is a measure of systemic arterial stiffness and has been shown to increase after aortic valve surgery. However, change in CAVI-derived pulse wave morphology has not previously been addressed. Case Study A 72-year-old female was transferred to a large center for heart valve interventions for evaluation of her aortic stenosis. Few co-morbidities were detected on medical history, other than previous radiation treatment for breast cancer, and no signs of other concomitant cardiovascular disease. The patient was accepted for surgical aortic valve replacement due to severe aortic valve stenosis and arterial stiffness was assessed with CAVI, as part of an ongoing clinical study. The pre-operative CAVI was 4.7 which after surgery increased almost 100% to 9.35. In tandem, the slope of systolic upstroke pulse morphology captured from brachial cuffs was changed from a prolonged flattened pattern to a steeper. Conclusion After aortic valve replacement surgery due to aortic valve stenosis, in addition to increased CAVI-derived measures of arterial stiffness, the slope of the CAVI-derived upstroke pulse wave morphology changes to a steeper slope. This finding could have implications in the future of aortic valve stenosis screening and utilization of CAVI.