Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) inoculation through characterization and identification of soil bacteria

Abstract Rhizobacteria stimulate plant growth, and are profoundly known for increasing crop production and lowering crop input costs by replacing chemical fertilizer applications. The application of PGPR (Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria) not only regulates the nutritional and hormonal balance of plants, but also increases resistance against plant pathogens. The interaction of PGPR with bulk soil or with microbes in the rhizosphere indirectly boosts plant growth rates, and PGPR can be declared a biofertilizer. Therefore, the intent of the study was to analyze the influence of indigenous rhizospheric bacteria and the mode of action of PGPR on improved yield (Triticum aestivum L.) as a biofertilizer under both in vivo and in vitro conditions. Based on their engagement in producing ACC (Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) deaminase, phosphorus solubilization, indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, potential strains have been identified. PGPR with the recommended dose urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) and Muriate of potash (MOP) were utilized. Inoculants of wheat seeds with urea (CH4N2O), DAP [(NH4)2HPO4] and MOP enhanced the growth drastically. For half of the suggested doses of synthetic fertilizers and a strain consortium, the strains were used in various combinations to achieve a maximum yield compared to the single use of the recommended fertilizer dose and a strain consortium.16Sr RNA gene sequencing, fatty acid profile, and biology further established certain strains. An inoculated bacterium has greater capacity and leads to improved crop production, enhanced yield when spread in conjunction under field conditions and therefore can reduce chemical fertilizer use.
On the Formation of Multiple Arcs around Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars

Two types of models for the formation of semiperiodic concentric multiple arcs (M-arcs) around asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and in planetary nebulae are compared against observations. Models that attribute the M-arcs to processes in an extended wind acceleration zone around AGB stars result in an optically thick acceleration zone, which reduces the acceleration efficiency in outer parts of the extended acceleration zone. This makes such models an unlikely explanation for the formation of M-arcs. Models which attribute the M-arcs to semiperiodic variation in one or more stellar properties are most compatible with observations. The only stellar variation models on timescales of ~50-1500 yr that have been suggested are based on an assumed solar-like magnetic cycle. Although ad hoc, the magnetic cycle assumption fits naturally into the increasingly popular view that magnetic activity plays a role in shaping the wind from upper AGB stars.
A Case Study in Astronomical 3D Printing: The Mysterious η Carinae

Three-dimensional (3D) printing moves beyond interactive 3D graphics and provides an excellent tool for both visual and tactile learners, since 3D printing can now easily communicate complex geometries and full color information. Some limitations of interactive 3D graphics are also alleviated by 3D printable models, including issues of limited software support, portability, accessibility, and sustainability. We describe the motivations, methods, and results of our work on using 3D printing (1) to visualize and understand the η Car Homunculus nebula and central binary system and (2) for astronomy outreach and education, specifically, with visually impaired students. One new result we present is the ability to 3D print full-color models of η Car’s colliding stellar winds. We also demonstrate how 3D printing has helped us communicate our improved understanding of the detailed structure of η Car’s Homunculus nebula and central binary colliding stellar winds, and their links to each other. Attached to this article are full-color 3D printable files of both a red-blue Homunculus model and the η Car colliding stellar winds at orbital phase 1.045. 3D printing could prove to be vital to how astronomer’s reach out and share their work with each other, the public, and new audiences.
Destruction of protoplanetary discs in the Orion Nebula Cluster

We use numerical N-body simulations of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) to investigate the destruction of protoplanetary discs by close stellar encounters and UV radiation from massive stars. The simulations model a cluster of 4000 stars and we consider separately cases in which the discs have fixed radii of 100 and 10 au. In the former case, depending on a star's position and orbit in the cluster over 107 yr, UV photoevaporation removes at least 0.01 M⊙ from its disc, and can remove up to 1 M⊙. We find no dynamical models of the ONC consistent with the suggestion of Storzer and Hollenbach that the observed distribution and abundance of proplyds could be explained by a population of stars on radial orbits that spend relatively little time near Θ1C Ori (the most massive star in the ONC). Instead, the observations require either massive discs (e.g. a typical initial disc mass of 0.4 M⊙) or a very recent birth for Θ1C Ori. When we consider the photoevaporation of the inner 10 au of discs in the ONC, we find that planet formation would be hardly affected. Outside that region, planets would be prevented from forming in about half the systems, unless either the initial disc masses were very high (e.g. 0.4 M⊙) or they formed quickly (in less than ~2 Myr) and Θ1C Ori has only very recently appeared. We also present statistics on the distribution of minimum stellar encounter separations. This peaks at 1000 au, with only about 4 per cent of stars having had an encounter closer than 100 au at the cluster's present age, and less than 10 per cent after 107 yr. We conclude that stellar encounters are unlikely to play a significant role in destroying protoplanetary discs. In the absence of any disruption mechanism other than those considered here, we would thus predict planetary systems like our own to be common amongst stars forming in ONC-like environments. Also, although almost all stars will have experienced an encounter at the radius of the Oort cloud in our own system, this only places a firm constraint on the possible birthplace of the Sun if the Oort cloud formed in situ, rather than through the secular ejection of matter from the planetary zone.
Neural-network-based compression algorithm for gray scale images

This paper presents an image compression algorithm for gray scale images, based on neural networks. According to this algorithm the image will be first decomposed into Hadamard set of functions and second, the coefficients from the decomposition will be dynamically clustered by a newly proposed dynamic adaptive clustering method (DACM). We show that DACM converges to approximate the optimum solution based on the least sum of squares criterion theoretically and experimentally. We applied the compression method to various gray scale images and show its efficiency in providing high compression rates. In order to show some comparative results for the proposed method, we have chosen the well-known JPEG. Its algorithm has similar structure and therefore is a good basis for comparison. The results from the gray scale images experiments are in favor of the proposed method.
Magnetite Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have great potential in various areas such as medicine, cancer therapy and diagnostics, biosensing, and material science. In particular, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles are extensively used for numerous bioapplications due to their biocompatibility, high saturation magnetization, chemical stability, large surface area, and easy functionalization. This paper describes magnetic nanoparticle physical and biological properties, emphasizing synthesis approaches, toxicity, and various biomedical applications, focusing on the most recent advancements in the areas of therapy, diagnostics, theranostics, magnetic separation, and biosensing.
Principal Leadership in Developing the Competence of Islamic Religious Education Teachers

This article aims to describe and analyze the leadership of the head of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Ikhlas Bontang in improving the professionalism of Islamic religious education teachers. It uses a descriptive qualitative approach, and data collection techniques are conducted with in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. The results showed that planning is carried out by collecting ideas through the initial meeting of the year, forming a curriculum development team, obtaining curriculum documents, and determining an assessment program as the basis for implementing evaluations. Furthermore, management implementation through tahfidz learning in local content should be performed every morning for all students with a predetermined schedule. Evaluation through the memorization system positively impacts teachers to form a learning community, and the results of the tahfidz assessment are combined with all groups of Islamic religious subjects.
Motivations for Foreign Bank Entry in Ghana: A Country-level Analysis

The number of foreign banks operating in emerging market economies has increased significantly in recent years. Financial globalization and technological advancement have dramatically altered the global banking landscape, resulting in an increasing pattern of international banks’ involvement. Aside from the global forc es driving bank penetration, this study seeks to assess how country-level factors motivate foreign bank entry in Ghana. In doing so, we employ quarterly data spanning 2000Q1-2017Q4. Applying the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique, the results establish that while corruption significantly drives foreign bank entry in both short- and long-run, the impact of political stability on foreign bank entry is significant only in the long-run. The findings also show that banking sector profitability and banking sector stability matter for foreign bank entry in both short-and long-term. The study presents some implications for policy based on the findings.
Dual Language Models for Code Switched Speech Recognition

In this work, we present a simple and elegant approach to language modeling for bilingual code-switched text. Since code-switching is a blend of two or more different languages, a standard bilingual language model can be improved upon by using structures of the monolingual language models. We propose a novel technique called dual language models, which involves building two complementary monolingual language models and combining them using a probabilistic model for switching between the two. We evaluate the efficacy of our approach using a conversational Mandarin-English speech corpus. We prove the robustness of our model by showing significant improvements in perplexity measures over the standard bilingual language model without the use of any external information. Similar consistent improvements are also reflected in automatic speech recognition error rates.
STEEL SURFACE DEFECT RECONSTRUCTION & IDENTIFICATION USING GAN FOR LOW-QUALITY IMAGES

Deep learning is the focus of research on vision-based fault recognition (DL). Poor-quality photos usually lose crucial features, which hinders the performance of DL techniques. We employed the GAN Model to transform low-quality photos into high-quality images to solve this problem. Defects in reconstructed images are identified using the vgg16 model. The results of the studies show that the suggested strategy is more accurate and performs well even with noisy photos. To determine whether defect reconstruction for low-quality flaws is effective. Four indicators are utilized to evaluate the performances: PSNR, SSIM, cosine, and mutual information. These indications are very helpful for defect analysis.
Vulnerability and Relationship Satisfaction: Mediation of Smartphone Addiction

The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of smartphone addiction in the association between vulnerability and relationship satisfaction among younger adults living in Turkey. The relationship assessment scale, the smartphone addiction scale-short version, the psychological vulnerability scale, and the social vulnerability scale were applied to 326 university students. Structural equation modelling showed that vulnerability has a significantly direct effect on relationship satisfaction, and smartphone addiction can partially mediate the impact of vulnerability on relationship satisfaction. The bootstrapping techniques confirmed that smartphone addiction had a partial mediation effect between vulnerability and relationship satisfaction. These data may help clinicians and researchers to better understand the consequences of vulnerability and underlying the processes of smartphone addiction and relationship satisfaction.
How Adverse Childhood Trauma Affects Coping Behaviors and Anxiety in College Students During COVID-19: A Neurobiological Perspective

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has uprooted college students out of the traditional college environment and placed additional stressors on them, yet its effects are still emerging. In the present study, 329 college students (Mage=19.74, SDage= 1.96) completed measures of generalized anxiety, behavioral coping, and adverse childhood experiences between July 2020 and March 2021 of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is hypothesized that more adverse childhood experiences would be associated with more maladaptive behavioral coping strategies. In addition, less adaptive coping strategies would be positively associated with more anxiety among college students. Results indicated that negative coping behaviors were associated with more adverse childhood experiences and anxiety symptoms. These findings highlight the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college student mental health and the need for targeted inventions for this population. INDEX WORDS: Behavioral Coping, Anxiety, College Students, Adverse Childhood Experiences, COVID-19, Mental Health, Neuroscience Copyright by Harshita Yepuri 2022 How Adverse Childhood Trauma Affects Coping Behaviors and Anxiety in College Students During COVID-19: A Neurobiological Perspective
On approximating D-induced polar sets of a second-order cone by an ellipsoid

Abstract This article investigates approximatively describing the set , for all s Є u} that К is a second-order cone while u is an ellipsoid. The concept of approximation degree is brought forward, and a box relaxation approximation method is proposed. For improving the approximation degree, the idea of approximating a second-order cone by a polyhedral cone is applied, and it’s shown that approximating F by a tractable set with a preset approximation degree can be attained. Moreover, the dimension of such a tractable set grows polynomially with respect to the approximation degree. The results are extended to the case that К is a general p-th-order cone, while u is an ellipsoid, where p is rational or irrational.
Cosmological Evolution of Brane World Moduli

We study cosmological consequences of non-constant brane world moduli in five dimensional brane world models with bulk scalars and two boundary branes. We focus on the case where the brane tension is an exponential function of the bulk scalar field, Ub∝exp(αϕ). In the limit α→0, the model reduces to the two-brane model of Randall-Sundrum, whereas larger values of α allow for a less warped bulk geometry. Using the moduli space approximation, we derive the four-dimensional low-energy effective action from a supergravity-inspired five-dimensional theory. For arbitrary values of α, the resulting theory has the form of a bi-scalar-tensor theory. We show that, in order to be consistent with local gravitational observations, α has to be small (less than 10−2) and the separation of the branes must be large. We study the cosmological evolution of the interbrane distance and the bulk scalar field for different matter contents on each branes. Our findings indicate that attractor solutions exist which drive the moduli fields towards values consistent with observations. The efficiency of the attractor mechanism crucially depends on the matter content on each branes. In the five-dimensional description, the attractors correspond to the motion of the negative tension brane towards a bulk singularity, which signals the eventual breakdown of the four-dimensional description and the necessity of a better understanding of the bulk singularity.
Conserved cysteines in the finger domain of the epithelial Na (cid:2) channel (cid:3) and (cid:4) subunits are proximal to the dynamic finger–thumb domain interface

The epithelial Na (cid:2) channel (ENaC) is a member of the ENaC/ degenerin family of ion channels. In the structure of a related family member, the “thumb” domain’s base interacts with the pore, and its tip interacts with the divergent “finger” domain. Between the base and tip, the thumb domain is characterized by a conserved five-rung disulfide ladder holding together two anti-parallel (cid:3) helices. The ENaC (cid:3) and (cid:4) subunits’ finger domains harbor autoinhibitory tracts that can be proteolytically liberated to activate the channel and also host an ENaC-specific pair of cysteines. Using a crosslinking approach, we show that one of the finger domain cysteines in the (cid:3) subunit ( (cid:3) Cys-263) and both of the finger domain cysteines in the (cid:4) subunit ( (cid:4) Cys-213 and (cid:4) Cys-220) lie near the dynamic finger–thumb domain interface. Our data suggest that the (cid:3) Cys-256/ (cid:3) Cys-263 pair is not disulfide-bonded. In contrast, we found that the (cid:4) Cys-213/ (cid:4) Cys-220 pair is disulfide-bonded. Our data also suggest that the (cid:4) subunit lacks the terminal rung in domain suggesting asymmetry between the subunits. observed functional asymmetry between the (cid:3) and (cid:4) finger–thumbdomaininterfaces;crosslinksbridgingthe (cid:3) interface inhibited ENaC currents, crosslinksbridgingthe (cid:4) subunitfinger–thumbinterfaceactivated or inhibited currents dependent on the length of the crosslinker. not test (cid:4) D115C,C413A due to poor functional expression. results show that MTS-2-MTS activation of endogenous (cid:4) Cys-415. The results of these experiments suggest that in the presence of (cid:4) D115C, (cid:4) Cys-415 is and in close proximity to (cid:4) D115C.
Cherenkov Light Lateral Distribution Function Estimation as a Function of Zenith Angle

The simulation of Cherenkov light lateral distribution function (CLLDF) in Extensive Air Showers (EAS) was performed by using the Monte Carlo CORSIKA code for configurations of Tunka-133 EAS Cherenkov array. This simulation was carried out for different primary particles (e+, e-, p, O, Ar and Fe) around the knee region with the energy 3.10^15 eV at different zenith angles. By depending on the Breit-Wigner function a parameterization of CLLDF was reconstructed on the basis of this simulation as a function of the zenith angle. The parameterized CLLDF was verified for four fixed zenith angles in comparison with the simulation that performed using CORSIKA code for each primary particle.
Inflation on the resolved warped deformed conifold

Braneworld inflation on the resolved warped deformed conifold is represented by the dynamics of a $D3$-brane probe with the world volume of a brane spanning the large dimensions of the observable Universe. This model was recently proposed as a string theory candidate for slow-roll inflationary cosmology [A. Dymarsky, I. R. Klebanov, and N. Seiberg, hep-th/0511254. ]. During inflation, the scalar curvature of the Universe is determined by the Hubble scale. We argue that taking into account the curvature of the inflationary Universe renders dynamics of the $D3$-brane fast-roll deep inside the warped throat.
Molecular Clouds as Ensembles of Transient Cores

We construct models of molecular clouds that are considered ensembles of transient cores. Each core is assumed to develop in the background gas of the cloud, grow to high density, and decay into the background. The chemistry in each core responds to the dynamical state of the gas and to the gas-dust interaction. Ices are deposited on the dust grains in the core's dense phase, and this material is returned to the gas as the core expands to low density. The cores of the ensemble typically number 1000, are placed randomly in position within the cloud, and are assigned a random evolutionary phase. The models are used to generate molecular line contour maps of a typical dark cloud. These maps are found to represent extremely well the characteristic features of observed maps of the dark cloud L673, which has been observed at both low and high resolution. The computed maps are found to exhibit the general morphology of the observed maps and to generate similar sizes of emitting regions, molecular column densities, and the separations between peaks of emissions of various molecular species. The models give insight into the nature of molecular clouds and the dynamical processes occurring within them and significantly constrain dynamical and chemical processes in the interstellar medium.
Tandem Swift and INTEGRAL Data to Revisit the Orbital and Superorbital Periods of 1E 1740.7–2942

The black hole candidate 1E 1740.7−2942 is one of the strongest hard X-ray sources in the Galactic Center region. No counterparts in longer wavelengths have been identified for this object yet. The presence of characteristic timing signatures in the flux history of X-ray sources has been shown to be an important diagnostic tool for the properties of these systems. Using simultaneous data from NASA’s Swift and ESA’s INTEGRAL missions, we have found two periodic signatures at 12.61 ± 0.06 days and 171.1 ± 3.0 days in long-term hard X-ray light curves of 1E 1740.7−2942. We interpret those as the orbital and superorbital periods of the object, respectively. The reported orbital period is in good agreement with previous studies of 1E 1740.7−2942 using NASA’s RXTE data. We present here the first firm evidence of a superorbital period for 1E 1740.7−2942, which has important implications for the nature of the binary system.
Evidence for a Massive Warm–Hot Circumgalactic Medium around NGC 3221

We report a 3. 4σ detection of the warm–hot, massive, extended circumgalactic medium (CGM) around an L⋆ star-forming spiral galaxy NGC 3221, using deep Suzaku observations. The temperature of the gas is 106.1 K, comparable to that of the Milky Way CGM. The spatial extent of the gas is at least 150 kpc. For a β-model of density profile with solar abundance, the central emission measure is EM = (3 ± 1) × 10−5 cm−6 kpc and the central electron density is neo = (4 ± 1) × 10−4 cm−3, with a slope of β = 0.56. We investigate a range of β values and find that the details of the density profile do not change our results significantly. The mass of the warm–hot gas, assuming a metallicity of Z⊙, is (16 ± 3) × 1010 M⊙, which is the most massive baryon component of NGC 3221. The baryon fraction is fb = 0.120 ± 0.036 (statistical) (systematic), consistent with the cosmological mean value, closing the baryon budget of this galaxy. We also investigated the missing metals problem in conjunction with the missing baryons problem and conclude that metals are likely to be preferentially expelled from the galaxy. Ours is the first detection of an extended warm–hot CGM around an external L⋆ star-forming spiral galaxy, where the CGM likely accounts for the missing galactic baryons.