Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Review of ultra-high repetition rate laser diagnostics for fluid dynamic measurements

Recent advances in ultra-high repetition rate (100 kHz and above) laser diagnostics for fluid dynamic measurements are reviewed. The development of the pulse burst laser system, which enabled several of these advances, is described. The pulse burst laser system produces high repetition rate output by slicing the output of a low power continuous wave laser and passing the resulting burst of pulses through a series of pulsed Nd:YAG amplifiers. Several systems have been built with output approaching 1.0 J/pulse over bursts of up to 100 pulses generated at between 50 and 1000 kHz. Combined with the capabilities of several types of commercially available high-speed cameras, these systems have been used to make a wide variety of high repetition rate and 3D flow measurements. Several examples of various high repetition rate laser diagnostics are described, including flow visualization, filtered Rayleigh scattering, planar Doppler velocimetry, particle image velocimetry, planar laser induced fluorescence, molecular tagging velocimetry and 3D flow visualization.
Robust output feedback controller design of discrete-time Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy systems: a non-monotonic Lyapunov approach

This study proposes a robust dynamic output feedback controller design for a class of discrete-time non-linear systems described by Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy models using a non-monotonic Lyapunov approach. In the non-monotonic Lyapunov approach, the monotonicity requirement of the standard Lyapunov approach is not required. Based on the non-monotonic Lyapunov approach, sufficient conditions for the existence of an output stabilising feedback controller for discrete T–S fuzzy systems with and without uncertainties are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. The proposed design significantly reduces the conservativeness of the existing output feedback controller designs. An numerical example is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design.
Holographic storage system based on digital holography for recording a phase data page in a compact optical setup

A holographic storage system based on digital holography is proposed for recording and retrieving a phase data page in a compact and simple optical setup. In the proposed recording system, complex amplitude distribution can be modulated using a single phase-only spatial light modulator. The complex amplitude distribution of a retrieved phase data page is detected with the Fourier fringe analysis. The use of digital holographic techniques enables realizing a compact and simple holographic recording system, which is independent of misalignment problem in conventional holographic storage systems. The capability of the proposed recording system is numerically and experimentally evaluated.
Electrothermal Analyses of Bandpass NGD RLC-Network Topologies

This paper develops an original study of temperature effect on the unfamiliar bandpass (BP) negative group delay (NGD) lumped passive circuits. The paper presents the first study of electrothermal analysis of electronic circuits classified as BP-NGD topologies. The considered BP-NGD passive cells are mainly constituted by RLC-resonant networks. The equivalence between two basic BP-NGD topologies constituted by RLC-series and RLC-parallel networks is elaborated via the voltage transfer function (VTF) analogy. Then, the theoretical demonstrations are introduced to define the main specifications as the NGD center frequency, NGD value, attenuation and NGD bandwidth. The electrothermal innovative study is developed based on the temperature coefficient resistor (TCR) of elements constituting the BP-NGD circuits. With proofs of concept of RLC-series and RLC-parallel circuits operating with -500 ns NGD value at 13.56 MHz, calculated and simulated results showing are in excellent agreement. The sensitivity analyses of BP-NGD specifications in function of ambient temperature variation from 0°C to 100°C are investigated. The BP-NGD response variations versus frequency and temperature are characterized with thermo-frequency cartographies and discussed.
Rotation-invariant Texture Image Retrieval Based on Multi-feature

In order to eliminate the effect of image rotation on image retrieval,a novel rotation-invariant texture image retrieval algorithm is presented based on the nonsubsampled contourlet transform(NSCT),gray level concurrence matrix(GLCM)and novel similarity measurement.The NSCT has anisotropy and translation invariability.The GLCM reflects the direction,adjacency spacing relationship and range of variance change of the image.The rotation-invariant features are achieved by calculating the average energy and average standard deviation of all subbands at each NSCT scale,the mean and covariance of the second moment angle,inertia entropy,inertia moment,contrast points moment of the GLCM.A novel similarity measure is presented to improve the retrieval performance of texture images.Experimental results demonstrate that:compared with the dual tree-complex wavelet transform based approach,the image retrieval algorithm improves the retrieval accuracy from 73.28% to 80.71% for the rotated database of 640 images.
Egg white composition, antioxidant capacity, serum and yolk lipids and oxidative damage of the oviduct magnum in laying hens fed diets contaminated with different concentrations of cadmium

Abstract Total of 384 healthy 38-week-old hens were randomly divided into four treatments. Layers in four groups were fed a basal diet and a basal diet with Cd at the level of 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg for nine weeks. Results showed that Cd could dose-dependently deposited in magnum and a positive correlation occurred between the accumulation of Cd in magnum and Cd content in egg whites. When compared with control group, 60 mg/kg Cd decreased magnum ovomucin, ovalbumin, lysozyme and ovomucoid gene expressions, but increased avidin gene expression obviously. Hens receiving 60 mg/kg Cd exhibited a significant decrease in egg white ovalbumin content and its proportion in total protein and increase in total cholesterol and LDLC levels in serum and yolk. The level of GSH and activities of T-SOD and CAT in magnum and GSH-Px activity in egg white were decreased significantly, while MDA level in both magnum and egg white was increased obviously in 60 mg/kg Cd group. Besides, Cd induced oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitophagy accompanied by a significant up-regulation of the expressions of Keap1, IL1β, TNFα, NF-κB, p65, p-p65, Grp78, CHOP, ATF4, ATF6, IRE1α, Grp94, PINK1, Parkin, Fundc1, GRP75, VDAC1, MCU, MFF, Bnip3 and LC3I/II and a significant down-regulation of the expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, SOD1, SOD2, SOD3, MFN1, MFN2 and PGC1α. These results indicated that Cd can increase serum and yolk cholesterol level and induce magnum oxidative stress, inflammation, ERS and mitophagy through Nrf2/NF-κB and IRE1α/IP3R/GRP75/VDAC1/MCU pathways, thus disrupting egg white composition. Highlights Cd exposure disrupted the synthesis of egg white protein in oviduct magnum and destroyed antioxidant status and protein composition in egg white. Cd exposure significant enhanced serum and yolk total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Cd exposure induced magnum oxidative stress, inflammation, ERS and mitophagy through Nrf2/NF-κB and IRE1α/IP3R/GRP75/VDAC1/MCU pathways.
Fault detection via optimally robust detection filters

An approach is presented for using optimally robust detection filters to generate analytic redundancy. By introducing an appropriate criterion the design of the filter is formulated as an optimization problem. Its solution shows that the optimally robust detection filter consists of a bandpass filter and a linear system which is obtained by solving a general eigenvalue problem. The algorithm for designing this filter is therefore computationally simple and systematic. Investigations on the physical core of the fault detection procedure are carried out. It is shown that the quality of the fault detection is dependent on the coupling strength of the faults with respect to the system output. It is demonstrated that the optimal detection filter presented is a generalization of the detection filter of R.V. Beard (1971) and H.L. Jones (1973). <<ETX>>
CHOOSINGTHEFORCINGTERMS IN AN INEXACTNEWTONMETHOD

AninexactNewtonmethod is ageneralizationofNewton'smethodforsolvingF(x) 0, F n __ in, in which, at the kth iteration, the step sk from the current approximate solution xk is required to satisfy a condition F(x) + F'(xk) sk _< F(x)II for a "forcing term" r/ (0, 1). In typical applications, the choice of the forcing terms is critical to the efficiency of the method and can affect robustness as well. Promising choices of the forcing terms are given, their local convergence properties are analyzed, and their practical performance is shown on a representative set of test problems.
Effects of the superheating degree and cooling intensity on the as-cast microstructure of CP780 thin slab

ABSTRACT This paper studied the effects of the superheating degree and cooling intensity on the solidification structure of CP 780 slab. The results indicated that the equiaxed crystal ratio decreases with the increase of superheating degree and the cooling intensity. When the superheating degree increases from 15 to 25°C, the equiaxed crystal ratio drops sharply. While the equiaxed crystal ratio decreases slightly with an increasing superheating degree from 25°C to 55°C. It is further revealed that the superheating degree has a greater effect on the equiaxed crystal ratio compared with the influence of cooling intensity. Quantitative analysed the relationship among the equiaxed crystal ratio, the superheating degree and cooling intensity is in line with the Extreme 2D model. The accuracy of the model performance can reach 97.6% when predicting the equiaxed crystal ratio of CSP-CP 780 during CSP process.
A dynamic model of the disk drive spindle motor and its applications

A dynamic model of the hard disk-drive spindle motor based on the circuit-field-motion coupled-time-stepping finite-element method is presented. The model provides a basis for determining back electromotive force, inductance, and cogging torque in dynamic operation conditions. The merits of the proposed method are that the estimation of the motor parameters can be obtained, accounting for the saturation effect and other operational conditions, and the computing time for parameters calculation can be reduced. The proposed model can also be used to determine the commutation time, cogging torque, output torque, and radial force, to study the effect of the skewed magnets/slots, and to simulate the starting process and other transient processes.
Handmade Papers: Innovation, Technology, and Design

ABSTRACT A mini-review is presented on handmade papers regarding their origin from papyrus to modern paper mill start-ups in the USA. The overview succinctly covers the process of making handmade papers, value addition, and product design. The scientific investigations on obtaining HMP from innovative raw materials such as coffee beans, agro-waste, seaweeds, hyacinth flowers, and others are detailed. The role of handmade paper in conservation along with the environmental and economic benefits of recycled handmade paper are contained within. The mini-review concludes with a promising future for handmade papers that would encourage sustainability.
WIP: Practical Removal Attacks on LiDAR-based Object Detection in Autonomous Driving

— LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) is an indispensable sensor for precise long-and wide-range 3D sensing, which directly benefited the recent rapid deployment of autonomous driving (AD). Meanwhile, such a safety-critical application strongly motivates its security research. A recent line of research demonstrates that one can manipulate the LiDAR point cloud and fool object detection by firing malicious lasers against LiDAR. However, these efforts evaluate only a specific LiDAR (VLP-16) and do not consider the state-of-the-art defense mechanisms in the recent LiDARs, so-called next-generation LiDARs. In this WIP work, we report our recent progress in the security analysis of the next-generation LiDARs. We identify a new type of LiDAR spoofing attack applicable to a much more general and recent set of LiDARs. We find that our attack can remove > 72% of points in a 10 × 10 m 2 area and can remove real vehicles in the physical world. We also discuss our future plans.
Preparation and thermoelectric properties of p-type PrzFe4−xCoxSb12 skutterudites

p-Type PrzFe4−xCoxSb12 (z = 0.8, 1.0 and x = 0, 0.5, 1.0) skutterudites were synthesized by encapsulated melting and annealing and were consolidated with hot pressing. The effects of Pr filling and Co substitution for Fe (charge compensation) on the transport and the thermoelectric properties were examined. A few secondary phases, such as Sb and FeSb2, were formed together with the skutterudite phase, but the formation was suppressed with increasing Pr and Co contents. We confirmed that Pr filled in the voids and that Co was substituted for Fe in all specimens because the lattice constant increased with increasing Pr content and decreased with increasing Co content. The electrical conductivity decreased slightly with increasing temperature, showing degenerate semiconductor characteristics. The Hall and the Seebeck coefficients showed positive signs, indicating that the major carriers were holes (p-type conduction). The electrical conductivity and the thermal conductivity were decreased due to a decrease in the carrier concentration with increasing Pr and Co contents. As a result, the dimensionless figure of merit, ZT, was improved by Pr filling and Co substitution, and a maximum ZT = 0.89 was obtained at 723 K for Pr0.8Fe3CoSb12.
Infrared Satellite Radiometry

A 50.8 cm aperture infrared radiometer designed to detect infrared emission from satellite vehicles is described. The radiometer may be equipped with either cooled lead sulfide or indium antimonide detectors. Radiation modulation is accomplished by space filter type chopper discs enabling angular resolution of 1167 waves per radian to aid in background suppression. A nodding Newtonian folding mirror provides for scanning the ¼° × ¼° instantaneous field over ±2.5° in the search-acquisition mode of operation. A memory oscilloscope is used to correlate low level signals by their ordered appearance in repeated line scans. Measurements of infrared irradiance from orbiting satellites are presented. The unfiltered PbS detector irradiance levels may be explained as being largely, if not wholly, due to reflected sunlight from the satellite. Thermal radiation from 1960 ι I (Echo I) was recorded with the InSb detector with irradiance levels on the order of 2 × 10−12 watts/cm2 in the 2–6 μ region. A signal of this magnitude would indicate the surface temperature to be of the order of 500°K. It is shown that other satellites must have been significantly cooler than 500°K to escape detection due to their passive radiation only.
Prognostic Value of The Leuko-Glycemic Index in Acute Myocardial Infarction; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: In recent years, studies have provided evidence on the prognostic value of the leuko-glycemic index (LGI) in acute myocardial infarction (MI), but there is a lack of consensus. In addition, various reported cut-offs for LGI have raised concern regarding its clinical applicability. So, to conclude, through this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate all available evidence on the prognostic value of LGI in acute MI. Methods: Two independent researchers summarized records available in the four main databases of Medline (Via PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science until 15 Sep 2022. Articles studying the prognostic value of the LGI in acute MI were included. Finally, sensitivity, specificity, prognostic odds ratio, and the area under the curve (AUC) for LGI were analyzed and reported. Results: Eleven articles were included (3701 patients, 72.1% male). Based on the analyses, AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for LGI in prediction of mortality following acute MI were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.73 to 0.80), 0.75 (95% CI: 0.62 to 0.84), and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.51 to 0.78), respectively. Positive and negative post-test probability of LGI in prediction of mortality were 21% and 5%, respectively. AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for LGI in prediction of major cardiac complications after acute MI were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.77 to 0.84), 0.84 (95% CI: 0.70 to 0.92), and 0.64 (95% CI: 0.49 to 0.84), respectively. Also, the Positive and negative post-test probability of LGI in this regard were 59% and 13%, respectively. Conclusion: Although the results demonstrated that the LGI could predict mortality and acute cardiac complication after MI, the low post-test probability of LGI in risk stratification of patients raises questions regarding its applicability. Nevertheless, as most of the available studies have been conducted in the Latino/Hispanic population, further evidence is warranted to generalize the validity of this tool to other racial populations.
Genital tuberculosis, infertility and assisted reproduction

Purpose of review The goal of this review is to familiarize a global readership on the subtilities of clinical presentation and the mayhem that a missed diagnosis of genital tuberculosis (GTB) is capable of inflicting on the health and wellbeing of infertile women with untreated GTB attempting to conceive with assisted reproductive technology (ART). Recent findings Emerging and recent literature relating to the epidemiology and clinical presentation of GTB and reporting of unique risks of ART for maternal and fetal morbidity in untreated cases of GTB are reviewed. Evidence relating to a broadening spectrum of screening methodologies for GTB detection of GTB is additionally considered. Summary Genital TB must be considered as a mechanism for couple's infertility in at-risk populations. Attempting to treat female GTB-related infertility with in-vitro fertilization poses unique and potentially life-threatening risks, both to the mother and to the conceptus; these risks can be avoided through vigilance, appropriate screening and timely treatment prior to proceeding with IVF.
Predictors of Outcome After Surgical Decompression for mild degenerative Cervical Myelopathy -A Systematic Review

Study Design Systematic Reviews. Objectives To investigate predictors of surgical outcomes for mild Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy (DCM) by reviewing all related studies conducted at this point. Methods An electronic search was carried out in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science until June 23, 2021. Full-text articles reporting surgical outcome predictors of mild DCM cases were eligible. We included studies with mild DCM which was defined as a modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association score of 15 to 17 or a Japanese Orthopaedic Association score of 13 to 16. Independent reviewers screened all the records, and discrepancies between the reviewers were solved in a session with the senior author. For risk of bias assessment, RoB 2 tool was used for randomized clinical trials and ROBINS-I for non-randomized studies. Results After screening 6 087 manuscripts, only 8 studies met the inclusion criteria. Lower pre-operative mJOA scores and quality-of-life measurement scores were reported by multiple studies to predict better surgical outcomes compared to other groups. High-intensity pre-operative T2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also reported to predict poor outcomes. Neck pain before intervention resulted in improved patient-reported outcomes. Two studies also reported motor symptoms prior to surgery as outcome predictors. Conclusion Lower quality of life before surgery, neck pain, lower pre-operative mJOA scores, motor symptoms before surgery, female gender, gastrointestinal comorbidities, surgical procedure and surgeon’s experience with specific techniques, and high signal intensity of cord in T2 MRI were the surgical outcome predictors reported in the literature. Lower Quality of Life (QoL) score and neck prior to surgery were reported as predictors of the more improved outcome, but high cord signal intensity in T2 MRI was reported as an unfavorable outcome predictor.
A Systematic Review on Long-Term Efficacy Outcome Measures in Crohn’s Disease Patients

Abstract Background The traditional long-term treatment goal of Crohn’s disease [CD] is maintenance of corticosteroid-free clinical remission. Additional treatment targets, such as biochemical, endoscopic and patient-reported remission, are advocated. The relapsing–remitting nature of CD provides a challenge to the timing of target assessment. Cross-sectional assessment at predetermined moments disregards the health state in between measurements. In this systematic review, we provide an overview of outcomes used to assess long-term efficacy in clinical trials in CD. Methods A systematic search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed to identify clinical trials in luminal CD reporting on maintenance treatment [strategies] since 1995. Two independent reviewers selected eligible articles for full text retrieval, and assessed if long-term corticosteroid-free clinical, biochemical, endoscopic or patient-reported efficacy outcomes were used. Results The search resulted in 2452 hits and 82 articles were included. Clinical activity was used in 80 studies [98%] as the long-term efficacy outcome, and in 21 [26%] of these concomitant corticosteroid use was taken into account. C-reactive protein was used in 32 studies [41%], faecal calprotectin in 15 studies [18%], endoscopic activity in 34 studies [41%] and patient-reported outcome in 32 studies [39%]. In seven studies, clinical, biochemical, endoscopic activity and the patient’s perspective were measured. In most studies cross-sectional measures or multiple measurements over time were used. Conclusion In none of the published clinical trials in CD was sustained remission on all treatment targets reported. Cross-sectional outcomes at predetermined times were widely applied, leading to lack of information regarding sustained corticosteroid-free remission for this relapsing–remitting chronic disease.
Association between urinary chloride excretion and progression of coronary artery calcification in patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease: results from the KNOW-CKD study

Background Urine chloride has recently been suggested as a biomarker of renal tubule function in patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD), as low urinary chloride concentration is associated with an increased risk of CKD progression. We investigate the association between urinary chloride excretion and the progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC). Methods A total of 1,065 patients with nondialysis CKD were divided into tertiles by spot urine chloride-to-creatinine ratios. The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd tertiles were defined as low, moderate, and high urinary chloride excretion, respectively. The study outcome was CAC progression, which was defined as an increase in coronary artery calcium score of more than 200 Agatston units during the 4-year follow-up period. Results Compared to moderate urinary chloride excretion, high urinary chloride excretion was associated with decreased risk of CAC progression (adjusted odds ratio, 0.379; 95% confidence interval, 0.190–0.757), whereas low urinary chloride excretion was not associated with risk of CAC progression. Restricted cubic spine depicted an inverted J-shaped curve, with a significant reduction in the risk of CAC progression in subjects with high spot urine chloride-to-creatinine ratios. Conclusion High urinary chloride excretion is associated with decreased risk of CAC progression in patients with nondialysis CKD.