Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imprints of primordial non-Gaussianities on large-scale structure: Scale-dependent bias and abundance of virialized objects

We study the effect of primordial non-Gaussianity on large-scale structure, focusing upon the most massive virialized objects. Using analytic arguments and N-body simulations, we calculate the mass function and clustering of dark matter halos across a range of redshifts and levels of non-Gaussianity. We propose a simple fitting function for the mass function valid across the entire range of our simulations. We find pronounced effects of non-Gaussianity on the clustering of dark matter halos, leading to strongly scale-dependent bias. This suggests that the large-scale clustering of rare objects may provide a sensitive probe of primordial non-Gaussianity. We very roughly estimate that upcoming surveys can constrain non-Gaussianity at the level of |f{sub NL}| < or approx. 10, which is competitive with forecasted constraints from the microwave background.
Efficient Formal Design Verification : Data Structure + Algorithms

We describe a data structure and a set of BDD based algorithms for efficient formal design verification. We argue that hardware designs should be translated into an intermediate hierarchical netlist of combinational tables and sequential elements, and internally represented by a flattened network of gates and latches, akin to that in SIS [32]. We establish that the core computation in BDD based formal design verification is forming the image and pre-image of sets of states under the transition relation characterizing the design. To make this step efficient, we address BDD variable ordering, use of partitioned transition relations, use of clustering, use of don’t cares, and redundant latch removal. Many of these techniques have been studied in the past. We provide a complete integrated set of modified algorithms and give references and comparisons with previous work. We report experimental results on a series of seven industrial examples containing from 28 to 172 binary valued latches. Supported by Motorola Grant ySupported by SRC 93-DC-008
Measuring Resilience With the RS–14: A Tale of Two Samples

The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the psychometric properties of the 14-item Resilience Scale (RS–14; Wagnild, 2009a). Exploratory and confirmatory factor-analytic methods were employed, including an analysis of measurement invariance models by sex and race/ethnicity. Descriptive statistics, reliability, and validity data were also calculated. Analyses were based on 2 samples, one made up of individuals seeking mental health services following the 2010 Gulf oil spill (N = 1,032) and the other made up of university students (N = 1,765). For both samples, all items loaded (>.30) onto 1 factor, indicating cohesive structure for a 1-factor model explaining 53.2% of the variance in the clinical sample and 67.6% of the variance in the undergraduate sample. Further, the examination of measurement invariance indicated that the RS–14 was similarly structured for sex and race/ethnicity. Reliability coefficients exceeded.90 for both samples and also when data were examined by comparison groups. The RS–14 correlated significantly and as expected with measures of positive concepts (such as perceived meaning in life and satisfaction with life) and indexes of psychological distress (such as depression, anxiety, stress, and posttraumatic stress). These data support the utility of the RS–14 with clinical and undergraduate student samples. Implications for these data are discussed.
Experiences with evaluating network QoS for IP telephony

Successful deployment of networked multimedia applications such as IP telephony depends on the performance of the underlying data network. QoS requirements of these applications are different from those of traditional data applications. For example, while IP telephony is very sensitive to delay and jitter, traditional data applications are more tolerant of these performance metrics. Consequently, assessing a network to determine whether it can accommodate the stringent QoS requirements of IP telephony becomes critical. We describe a technique for evaluating a network for IP telephony readiness. Our technique relies on the data collection and analysis support of our prototype tool, ExamiNet/spl trade/. It automatically discovers the topology of a given network and collects and integrates network device performance and voice quality metrics. We report the results of assessing the IP telephony readiness of a real network of 31 network devices (routers/switches) and 23 hosts via ExamiNet/spl trade/. Our evaluation identified links in the network that were over utilized to the point at which they could not handle IP telephony.
Establishment of electroencephalographic synchrony and continuity pattern along with disappearance of trace alternant in full-term newborns in a longitudinal pattern up to twelve months of age

Background: This study is concerned with the changes of electroencephalographic (EEG) from immature neonatal to the development of mature normal EEG pattern with special attention given to the infants age (012 months), growth, and developmental level. Aims and Objectives: The objective is to study serially development of specific EEG patterns in infants, i.e., from birth to 12 months of age. Materials and Methods: This is a longitudinal follow-up study conducted on 50 (27 female and 23 male) healthy, normal, full-term infants delivered vaginally in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Medical College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, starting from the birth to 12 months of age in normal environment in the Department of Physiology EEG-unit for 60 min in 5 different visits, i.e., at birth/02 week, 3-month, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months. Result: This study provides clearly established strong changes in EEG wave pattern and their appearances with increased speed of response, which are most clearly visible from the time of birth, 36 months, and at 12 months of age. These marked changes of EEG may be associated with language and other motor milestone development. Conclusion: Sleep characteristics during this period may have predictive value in the assessment of future neurodevelopmental conditions. The study also concluded that the percent of time that infants spend in sleep decreased sharply from 3 to 6 months, but the sleep cycle becomes more defined. The duration of infants sleep did not change significantly across the 1st year, but the percent of time spent in active sleep is markedly decreased, i.e., ≤25%, and the sleep progresses toward maturity which is confirmed by the establishment of continuity, symmetrical synchronous EEG pattern, and the disappearance of neonatal trace alternant, along with the focusing on measurement of weight and head circumference.
Metabolic and cardiovascular complications in the liver transplant recipient

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is an established risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease that affects 20-30% of the adult population in the western world, correlating with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Survival following liver transplantation (LT) has been steadily improving over the last 2 decades, with graft loss becoming a relatively rare cause of morbidity and mortality post LT. The improvement in short-term survival following LT has resulted in an increased incidence of metabolic and cardiovascular complications, which affect the mid- and long term survival. Patients following LT typically gain weight and might develop diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia as a consequence of their immunosuppressive therapy and their lifestyle. In this paper we review the prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular complications following LT, their impact on post-transplant morbidity and mortality and their optimal management.
CLINICAL STUDY OF MEDHYA RASAYANA GHRITA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ATTENTION DEFICIT / HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) CHILDREN

Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder of childhood affecting school aged children and most expensively studied mental disorder of childhood. The recent demographic studies report that 1/3 rd of the world's population is of children below 15 years of age. These statistics definitely increase the responsibility of pediatric community from both Ayurveda as well as the modern contemporary sciences towards the society. ADHD characterized by inattention, including increased distractibility & difficulty sustaining attention; poor impulse control and decreased selfinhibitory capacity; and motor over activity and motor restlessness. Above characteristics of ADHD are pointing towards imbalance of Shareerika (specifically Vata) and Manasika (specifically Raja) Dosha. Medhya Rasayana Chikitsa will be probable effective in ADHD as the disorder affects the Manasik Bhavas in a child influencing both Shareerika and Manasika Dosha, thus deranging its normal functioning.
The Human Heart Rate Variability; Neurobiology of Psychophysiological well being and Planetary Resonance

Since the dawn of human life, the innate perception of heart beat, being the source of life and the shine of the spirit that will depart only if the heart beating cease. The study of heart beat all over the time line of medicine from Galen and before to Ibn al-Nafis, and Ibn Sina passing to William Gilbert and his primitive attempts to record heart stimuli ending to Willem Einthoven who invented the modern ECG, was always concerned with the heart contraction. There was no clear perception of the importance of variation between heart beats or frequency bands associated with it. The understanding of Heart rate variability, defined as the change in the time intervals between adjacent heartbeats, is an emergent property of interdependent regulatory systems that operates on different time scales to adapt to environmental and psychophysiological Challenges. The importance of HRV as an index of the functional status of physiological control systems was noted only in 1965 when it was found that fetal distress is preceded by reductions in HRV before any changes occur in HR itself. The introduction of signal processing technologies that can acquire continuous time series data from physiological processes such as heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and nerve activity, make it abundantly apparent that biological processes vary in complex and nonlinear ways, even during so called “steady-state” conditions [1]. This in our perspective is complementary but not competitive to the great physiologist Walter Bradford Cannon who expand Claude Bernard concept of homeostasis and the steady state condition that body cells, tissues and organs are strived to maintain. Healthy, optimal function as we perceive it in 2017 is the result of continuous, dynamic, bi-directional interactions among multiple neural, hormonal, and mechanical control systems at both local and central levels.
NASA / CR-2001-211225 ICASE Report No . 2001-28 Piezoelectric Ceramics Characterization

This review explores piezoelectric ceramics analysis and characterization. The focus is on polycrystalline ceramics; therefore, single crystals, polymeric materials and organic/inorganic composites are outside the scope of this review. To thoroughly grasp the behavior of a piezoelectric polycrystalline ceramic, a basic understanding of the ceramic itself should not be overlooked. To this end, we have presented a brief introduction of the history of piezoelectricity and a discussion on processing of the ceramic and development of the constitutive relations that define the behavior of a piezoelectric material. We have attempted to cover the most common measurement methods as well as introduce parameters of interest. Excellent sources for more in-depth coverage of specific topics can be found in the bibliography. In most cases, we refer to lead zirconate titanate (PZT) to illustrate some of the concepts since it is the most widely used and studied piezoelectric ceramic to date.
Expression of MALT1 oncogene in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells recapitulates the pathogenesis of human lymphoma in mice

Chromosomal translocations involving the MALT1 gene are hallmarks of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. To date, targeting these translocations to mouse B cells has failed to reproduce human disease. Here, we induced MALT1 expression in mouse Sca1+Lin− hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, which showed NF-κB activation and early lymphoid priming, being selectively skewed toward B-cell differentiation. These cells accumulated in extranodal tissues and gave rise to clonal tumors recapitulating the principal clinical, biological, and molecular genetic features of MALT lymphoma. Deletion of p53 gene accelerated tumor onset and induced transformation of MALT lymphoma to activated B-cell diffuse large-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL). Treatment of MALT1-induced lymphomas with a specific inhibitor of MALT1 proteolytic activity decreased cell viability, indicating that endogenous Malt1 signaling was required for tumor cell survival. Our study shows that human-like lymphomas can be modeled in mice by targeting MALT1 expression to hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, demonstrating the oncogenic role of MALT1 in lymphomagenesis. Furthermore, this work establishes a molecular link between MALT lymphoma and ABC-DLBCL, and provides mouse models to test MALT1 inhibitors. Finally, our results suggest that hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of human mature B-cell lymphomas.
Deficit of visual contour integration in dyslexia.

PURPOSE The visual processing of text occurs spontaneously in most readers. Dyslexic persons, however, often report both somatic symptoms and perceptual distortions when trying to read. It is possible that the perceptual distortions experienced by those with dyslexia reflect a disturbance in the basic mechanisms supporting perceptual organization at the early stages of visual processing. Integration of information over extended areas of visual space can be measured psychophysically in a task that requires the detection of a path defined by aligned, spatially narrow-band elements on a dense field of otherwise similar elements that are randomly oriented and positioned. In the present study a contour integration task was used to investigate such perceptual organization in dyslexia. METHODS The detection of contours or paths composed of Gabor micropatterns was performed within a field of randomly oriented distracter elements in a 2-alternate forced choice (AFC) task. The stimuli were manipulated by randomly varying both the density of the background noise elements and the number of elements that defined a path of constant length. RESULTS In all observers, sensitivity to the paths increased with the number of target elements comprising the path, and subjects in both groups exhibited similar trends in relative density of the stimuli. However, in all conditions, dyslexic observers were two to three times less sensitive to path stimuli than the control group. CONCLUSIONS In the present study the authors have described a visual deficit in a global integration task in dyslexia. The pattern of deficits reported suggest that abnormal cooperative associations may be present in dyslexia that are indicative of poor perceptual integration.
Syntax directed translator for English to Hindi language

Hindi Machine Translation is the conversion of text from one language to other by a computer without human involvement. MT is a part of Natural Language Processing which aims to change text or speech of one natural language to another with the help of software. This conversion helps us to overcome the language barriers. Also with the invent of MT technological and cultural barriers can be conquered easily thereby allowing frequent exchange of knowledge. The present work attempts to build an automatic translation system for conversion of text from English to Hindi. Several works related to Machine Translation have also been presented here. Firstly we take a text as input in English, store it in a file, extract words and punctuations from it and store them in an array, then we do grouping of words, find their meanings in context to the sentence and convert it to the target language i.e. Hindi. During this translation we also deal with several issues like word order, word sense, ambiguity and idioms. Finally when we get the text in Hindi we check it for correctness of grammatical rules of the language.
Ferulic acid lowers body weight and visceral fat accumulation via modulation of enzymatic, hormonal and inflammatory changes in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity

Previous studies have reported on the glucose and lipid-lowering effects of ferulic acid (FA) but its anti-obesity potential has not yet been firmly established. This study investigated the possible anti-obesitogenic effects of FA in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 15 weeks. To assess the antiobesity potential of FA, 32 male Swiss mice, weighing 20–25 g (n=6–8 per group) were fed a normal diet (ND) or HFD, treated orally or not with either FA (10 mg/kg) or sibutramine (10 mg/kg) for 15 weeks and at the end of this period, the body weights of animals, visceral fat accumulation, plasma levels of glucose and insulin hormone, amylase and lipase activities, the satiety hormones ghrelin and leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCH-1) were analyzed. Results revealed that FA could effectively suppress the HFD-associated increase in visceral fat accumulation, adipocyte size and body weight gain, similar to sibutramine, the positive control. FA also significantly (P<0.05) decreased the HFD-induced elevations in serum lipid profiles, amylase and lipase activities, and the levels of blood glucose and insulin hormone. The markedly elevated leptin and decreased ghrelin levels seen in HFD-fed control mice were significantly (P<0.05) reversed by FA treatment, almost reaching the values seen in ND-fed mice. Furthermore, FA demonstrated significant (P<0.05) inhibition of serum levels of inflammatory mediators TNF-α, and MCH-1. These results suggest that FA could be beneficial in lowering the risk of HFD-induced obesity via modulation of enzymatic, hormonal and inflammatory responses.
Obese Rats Exhibit High Levels of Fat Necrosis and Isoprostanes in Taurocholate-Induced Acute Pancreatitis

Background Obesity is a prognostic factor for severity in acute pancreatitis in humans. Our aim was to assess the role of oxidative stress and abdominal fat in the increased severity of acute pancreatitis in obese rats. Methodology Taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis was performed in lean and obese Zucker rats. Levels of reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, L-cysteine, cystine, and S-adenosylmethionine were measured in pancreas as well as the activities of serine/threonine protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A and tyrosin phosphatases. Isoprostane, malondialdehyde, triglyceride, and free fatty acid levels and lipase activity were measured in plasma and ascites. Lipase activity was measured in white adipose tissue with and without necrosis and confirmed by western blotting. Findings Under basal conditions obese rats exhibited lower reduced glutathione levels in pancreas and higher triglyceride and free fatty acid levels in plasma than lean rats. S-adenosyl methionine levels were markedly increased in pancreas of obese rats. Acute pancreatitis in obese rats led to glutathione oxidation and lower reduced glutathione levels in pancreas together with decreased activities of redox-sensitive phosphatases PP1, and PP2A. S-adenosyl methionine levels decreased but cystine levels increased markedly in pancreas upon pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis triggered an increase in isoprostane levels in plasma and ascites in obese rats. Free fatty acid levels were extremely high in pancreatitis-associated ascitic fluid from obese rats and lipase was bound with great affinity to white adipose tissue, especially to areas of necrosis. Conclusions Our results show that oxidative stress occurs locally and systemically in obese rats with pancreatitis favouring inactivation of protein phosphatases in pancreas, which would promote up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the increase of isoprostanes which might cause powerful pulmonary and renal vasoconstriction. Future studies are needed to confirm the translational relevance of the present findings obtained in a rat model of taurocholate-induced pancreatic damage and necrosis.
A Novel Self-Configuring and Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

A novel network self-configuring and routing algorithm, KTRA (kernel tree routing algorithm) is proposed for mobile ad hoc networks. It converts the actual network topology into a logic tree topology, thus only partial routing information is needed to maintain for networking and routing, and the update requirement is restricted in the area of branch. Moreover, KTRA is characterized by low delay and high flexibility comparable to that of proactive and reactive routing algorithm. The empirical and simulation results demonstrate that KTRA is convergent and outperforms the traditional networking and routing algorithms
EDSDV: Efficient DSDV routing protocol for MANET

A Mobile ad-hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that are able to communicate with each other without any requirement of static infrastructure. In this paper we present an improvement in the basic destination sequenced distance vector routing protocol (DSDV) for ad-hoc network. It is an improvement in terms of delay in the DSDV routing protocol. The proposed algorithm also reduces congestion in the network. It requires minor change in the concept of the weighted settling time for the packet arrived on a node with same sequence number. It has been shown through simulation that delay without the use of weighted settling time for packets with same sequence number is less than the delay with the use of weighted settling time for the same packets.
A Robust Texture-Based Background Subtraction Algorithm for Moving Object Detection in Video Sequences

In this paper, we propose a robust texture-based background subtraction algorithm for moving object detection in video sequences. A robust texture descriptor so-called local fuzzy pattern (LFP) histogram is proposed and employed to initialize and maintain the background models of each pixel in a video frame. The calculated LFP histogram of each pixel in the new frame is compared to its corresponding background models for classifying the pixel into the class of foreground or moving objects. Compared with the other approach, experimental results show that our approach possesses better adaption and tolerance abilities for the conditions of shadows and illumination variation.
Evaluation of subjective preferences regarding indoor maps: comparison of schematic maps and floor plans

In this study, we investigate subjective preferences regarding floor plans and schematic maps in the use of a map in an indoor environment. To achieve this, we performed a qualitative experiment with a random user sample; the survey was carried out remotely. The survey was conducted in Portuguese and English, and users were asked to answer questions, using two different maps:a floor plan and a schematic map. In the sequence, users were asked questions about their preferences regarding map use in an indoor environment. Users also answered questions about the positive and negative aspects of using a schematic map in an indoor environment. The initial results do not indicate a preference for one kind of map, but show that users found the symbology adopted in the schematic map easier to understand.
The hepatitis C virus p7 protein forms an ion channel that is inhibited by long-alkyl-chain iminosugar derivatives

We show that hepatitis C virus (HCV) p7 protein forms ion channels in black lipid membranes. HCV p7 ion channels are inhibited by long-alkyl-chain iminosugar derivatives, which have antiviral activity against the HCV surrogate bovine viral diarrhea virus. HCV p7 presents a potential target for antiviral therapy.