Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evidence-BasedPracticeinClinicalPsychology: WhatItIs,WhyItMatters;WhatYouNeedtoKnow

The history and meaning of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the health disciplines was described to the Council of University Directors of Clinical Psychology (CUDCP) training programs. Evidence-based practice designates a process of clinical decision-making that integrates research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences and characteristics. Evidence-based practice is a transdisciplinary, idiographic approach that promotes lifelong learning. Empirically supported treatments (ESTs) are an important component of EBP, but EBP cannot be reduced to ESTs. Psychologists need additional skills to act as creators, synthesizers, and consumers of research evidence, who act within their scope of clinical expertise and engage patients in shared decision-making. Training needs are identified in the areas of clinical trial methodology and reporting, systematic reviews, search strategies, measuring patient preferences, and acquisition of clinical skills to perform ESTs. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 63: 611– 631, 2007.
Work Attitudes in an Employee‐owned Company:: Comparing Managers with Non‐managers

A study of employee involvement in the management and ownership of NVC Australia Pty Ltd indicated high levels of work satisfaction, job security, decision influence, productivity, communication, commitment and involvement. Although only one organisation has been analysed, it is clear that employee ownership and participation provide interesting alternatives for organisations to face the challenges of the present social and economic situations.
Species abundance and insecticide resistance of Anopheles gambiae in selected areas of Ghana and Burkina Faso

Abstract. The Ghanaian National Malaria Control Programme has prioritized insecticide‐treated materials as a key strategy for malaria control. We report on a survey of the distribution of the molecular forms of Anopheles gambiae Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) and insecticide resistance (the kdr mutation), carried out by sampling mosquitoes from 11 locations in Ghana and one additional site in Burkina Faso. The molecular M and S forms of An. gambiae were found to occur in sympatry in southern Ghana. The S form predominated throughout its distribution in the coastal savannah, except at one location in the strand and mangrove zone where rice was cultivated. The M form was the only form collected in northern Ghana and was the predominant form (97.5%) in Burkina Faso. No M/S hybrids were detected. The kdr mutation was observed at very high frequencies (98–100%) within the S form but reached a maximum of only 3.38% in the M form in one population at an irrigation scheme in the Ghanaian coastal savannah zone.
MCC-DB: Minimizing Cache Conflicts in Multi-core Processors for Databases

In a typical commercial multi-core processor, the last level cache (LLC) is shared by two or more cores. Existing studies have shown that the shared LLC is beneficial to concurrent query processes with commonly shared data sets. However, the shared LLC can also be a performance bottleneck to concurrent queries, each of which has private data structures, such as a hash table for the widely used hash join operator, causing serious cache conflicts. We show that cache conflicts on multi-core processors can significantly degrade overall database performance. In this paper, we propose a hybrid system method called MCC-DB for accelerating executions of warehouse-style queries, which relies on the DBMS knowledge of data access patterns to minimize LLC conflicts in multi-core systems through an enhanced OS facility of cache partitioning. MCC-DB consists of three components: (1) a cacheaware query optimizer carefully selects query plans in order to balance the numbers of cache-sensitive and cache-insensitive plans; (2) a query execution scheduler makes decisions to co-run queries with an objective of minimizing LLC conflicts; and (3) an enhanced OS kernel facility partitions the shared LLC according to each query's cache capacity need and locality strength. We have implemented MCC-DB by patching the three components in PostgreSQL and Linux kernel. Our intensive measurements on an Intel multi-core system with warehouse-style queries show that MCC-DB can reduce query execution times by up to 33%.
Wireless Channel Access Through Jointly Formed Signal Constellations

A novel multiple access method for wireless communication is proposed. The method is based on the channel superposition of multiple coherently transmitted signals. The obtained signal constellation at the receiver represents information bits of all transmitters at once. In contrary to other multiple access methods the quality of reception can increase with the number of transmitters. The method may be used on top of other multiple access methods to achieve higher spectral efficiency
Small PAHs in the Red Rectangle

Following our initial discovery of blue luminescence in the spectrum of the Red Rectangle (RR) and its identiﬁcation as ﬂuorescence by small three- to four-ringed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules, we report on the spatial correlation between the blue luminescence and the 3.3 µ m emission, commonly attributed to small, neutral PAH molecules, and on the newly-derived UV/optical attenuation curve for the central source of the RR, HD 44179. Both results provide strong additional evidence for the presence of small PAH molecules with masses of less than 250 a.m.u. in the RR, which supports the attribution of the blue luminescence to ﬂuorescence by the same molecules. We contrast the excellent spatial correlation of the two former emissions with the distinctly different spatial distribution of the extended red emission (ERE) and of the dust-scattered light within the RR. The UV/optical attenuation curve of the central star is unlike any interstellar extinction curve and is interpreted as resulting from circumstellar opacity alone. Major contributions to this opacity are absorptions in broad bands in the mid-UV, contributing to the electronic excitation of the luminescing PAH molecules, and a sharp ionization discontinuity near 7.5 eV in the far-UV, which places a sharp upper limit on the masses of the PAH molecules that are responsible for this absorption. The strength of the far-UV absorption leads to an abundance of the PAH molecules of 10 - 5 relative to hydrogen in the RR. Such small PAHs are perhaps unique to the environment in the RR, where they are shielded from harsh radiation by the dense circmstellar disk.
Photonic crystal and related devices fabricated by CMOS-compatible process

Silicon CMOS-compatible process enables us to integrate various photonic devices such as passive waveguide components, fibre couplers, heaters, and pn junctions. Technical difficulties in integrating an air-bridge photonic crystal (PC) slab with these devices can be overcome by multi-step masking and etching process. The fibre coupler reduces the fibre-to-fibre insertion loss to &#60; 10 dB even when the PC waveguide is inserted. Slow light in PC waveguides and microring circuits is applied for the delay tuning and nonlinear enhancement. For the delay tuning, the slow light spectrum is controlled by integrated heaters, and the delay of 40 Gbps signals is tuned in the range of 150 ps. Exploiting low-dispersion slow light, the two-photon absorption, self-phase modulation, and four-wave-mixing are efficiently generated in a 400-µm long PCW with a reasonably low power. The PC waveguide with a pn junction is used as a phase shifter in MZI modulators. High-speed modulation of up to 10 Gbps is obtained in a 200-µm-long device. They will also be applicable for the fast delay tuning and dynamic tuning in slow light devices.
STAM: simple Transmembrane Alignment Method

MOTIVATION The database of transmembrane protein (TMP) structures is still very small. At the same time, more and more TMP sequences are being determined. Molecular modeling is an interim answer that may bridge the gap between the two databases. The first step in homology modeling is to achieve a good alignment between the target sequences and the template structure. However, since most algorithms to obtain the alignments were constructed with data derived from globular proteins, they perform poorly when applied to TMPs. In our application, we automate the alignment procedure and design it specifically for TMP. We first identify segments likely to form transmembrane alpha-helices. We then apply different sets of criteria for transmembrane and non-transmembrane segments. For example, the penalty for insertion/deletions in the transmembrane segments is much higher than that of a penalty in the loop region. Different substitution matrices are used since the frequencies of occurrence of the various amino acids differ for transmembrane segments and water-soluble domains. RESULTS This program leads to better models since it does not treat the protein as a single entity with the same properties, but accounts for the different physical properties of the various segments. STAM is the first multisequence alignment program that is directly targeted at transmembrane proteins. AVAILABILITY Source code and installation package are available on request from the authors. Web access is currently implemented.
Individual Experiences as Cultural – a Cross-cultural Study on Loneliness Among the Elderly

ABSTRACT Data from six European regions participating in the Eleven Country Study on Health Care of the Elderly suggested that feelings of loneliness were more prevalent in areas where living alone was rarest and where community bonds were strongest. Individual variables describing life-situation did not explain the differences. The article examines loneliness as an historical and cultural phenomenon. It is argued that loneliness reflects, through complex mediations, the mutual relationship between the individual and the community and the extent to which the ideology of individualism prevails in society. In attempts to understand the differences between the study areas, the article looks more closely into the role of the community and the family in two selected areas: the industrial town Tampere in Finland and rural Greece.
Speed learning on the fly

The practical performance of online stochastic gradient descent algorithms is highly dependent on the chosen step size, which must be tediously hand-tuned in many applications. The same is true for more advanced variants of stochastic gradients, such as SAGA, SVRG, or AdaGrad. Here we propose to adapt the step size by performing a gradient descent on the step size itself, viewing the whole performance of the learning trajectory as a function of step size. Importantly, this adaptation can be computed online at little cost, without having to iterate backward passes over the full data.
Using a Pitch Detector for Onset Detection

A segmentation strategy is explored for monophonic instrumental pitched non-percussive material (PNP) which proceeds from the assertion that human-like event analysis can be founded on a notion of stable pitch percept. A constant-Q pitch detector following the work of Brown and Puckette provides pitch tracks which are post processed in such a way as to identify likely transitions between notes. A core part of this preparation of the pitch detector signal is an algorithm for vibrato suppression. An evaluation task is undertaken on slow attack and high vibrato PNP source files with human annotated onsets, exemplars of a difficult case in monophonic source segmentation. The pitch track onset detection algorithm shows an improvement over the previous best performing algorithm from a recent comparison study of onset detectors. Whilst further timbral cues must play a part in a general solution, the method shows promise as a component of a note event analysis system.
Beauty and the beholder: the role of visual sensitivity in visual preference

For centuries, the essence of aesthetic experience has remained one of the most intriguing mysteries for philosophers, artists, art historians and scientists alike. Recently, views emphasizing the link between aesthetics, perception and brain function have become increasingly prevalent (Ramachandran and Hirstein, 1999; Zeki, 1999; Livingstone, 2002; Ishizu and Zeki, 2013). The link between art and the fractal-like structure of natural images has also been highlighted (Spehar et al., 2003; Graham and Field, 2007; Graham and Redies, 2010). Motivated by these claims and our previous findings that humans display a consistent preference across various images with fractal-like statistics, here we explore the possibility that observers’ preference for visual patterns might be related to their sensitivity for such patterns. We measure sensitivity to simple visual patterns (sine-wave gratings varying in spatial frequency and random textures with varying scaling exponent) and find that they are highly correlated with visual preferences exhibited by the same observers. Although we do not attempt to offer a comprehensive neural model of aesthetic experience, we demonstrate a strong relationship between visual sensitivity and preference for simple visual patterns. Broadly speaking, our results support assertions that there is a close relationship between aesthetic experience and the sensory coding of natural stimuli.
Information and Compassion in Crisis Responses: A Test of Their Effects

This article reports the results of an experimental study that tested the effect of compassion and instructing information in crisis response strategies on organizational reputation, honoring accounts, and intended potential supportive behavior. The study used a pool of 1 14 crisis managers, overcoming the limitation of using only student populations. The literature analysis sets up the rationale of examining compassion and instructing information in accident crises. The results found a significant, positive effect for compassion on organizational reputation, honoring accounts, and intended potential supportive behavior. No such effect was found for instructing information. In general, experimental studies like this one help to advance our understanding of crisis communication strategies and the crisis management process. The specific implications of the study for crisis management are discussed at the end of the article.
Collaborative Filtering as a Case-Study for Model Parallelism on Bulk Synchronous Systems

Industrial-scale machine learning applications often train and maintain massive models that can be on the order of hundreds of millions to billions of parameters. Model parallelism thus plays a significant role to support these machine learning tasks. Recent work in this area has been dominated by parameter server architectures that follow an asynchronous computation model, introducing added complexity and approximation in order to scale to massive workloads. In this work, we explore model parallelism in the distributed bulk-synchronous parallel (BSP) setting, leveraging some recent progress made in the area of high performance computing, in order to address these complexity and approximation issues. Using collaborative filtering as a case-study, we introduce an efficient model parallel industrial scale algorithm for alternating least squares (ALS), along with a highly optimized implementation of ALS that serves as the default implementation in MLlib, Apache Spark's machine learning library. Our extensive empirical evaluation demonstrates that our implementation in MLlib compares favorably to the leading open-source parameter server framework, and our implementation scales to massive problems on the order of 50 billion ratings and close to 1 billion parameters.
Maintaining a Relationship with a Family Member in a Nursing Home: The Role of Visitor

This paper reports a case study examination of the perceptions and expectations of family members, nursing home staff, and residents concerning the role of the visiting family member in nursing-home care. Seven focus groups (4 comprising family members, 2 comprising staff, and 1 management group), resident interviews, and a survey of 59 families of residents were conducted in a residential aged-care facility in suburban Melbourne. Results, consistent with previous research, suggest that families are keen to maintain an ongoing relationship with their relative in care contrary to the view that frail older people are abandoned in nursing homes. Although the findings suggest substantial degree of agreement between staff, management, families, and residents on the importance and role of visitor within the nursing home, important differences were identified. In particular, families were seeking to establish closer cooperation with staff in overseeing the quality of care, to be more informed about their relative’s progress on an ongoing basis, and to have an involvement in care that was not limited to assisting with practical tasks or initial care planning. A number of structural and work-practice barriers to greater family involvement were identified.
A linear/producer/consumer model of classical linear logic

This paper defines a new proof- and category-theoretic framework for classical linear logic that separates reasoning into one linear regime and two persistent regimes corresponding to ! and ? The resulting linear/producer/consumer (LPC) logic puts the three classes of propositions on the same semantic footing, following Benton's linear/non-linear formulation of intuitionistic linear logic. Semantically, LPC corresponds to a system of three categories connected by adjunctions reflecting the LPC structure. The paper's meta-theoretic results include admissibility theorems for the cut and duality rules, and a translation of the LPC logic into category theory. The work also presents several concrete instances of the LPC model.
Towards Efficient Sampling: Exploiting Random Walk Strategies

From a computational perspective, there is a close connection between various probabilistic reasoning tasks and the problem of counting or sampling satisfying assignments of a propositional theory. We consider the question of whether state-of-the-art satisfiability procedures, based on random walk strategies, can be used to sample uniformly or nearuniformly from the space of satisfying assignments. We first show that random walk SAT procedures often do reach the full set of solutions of complex logical theories. Moreover, by interleaving random walk steps with Metropolis transitions, we also show how the sampling becomes near-uniform.
Dynamic Magnetometer Calibration and Alignment to Inertial Sensors by Kalman Filtering

Magnetometer and inertial sensors are widely used for orientation estimation. Magnetometer usage is often troublesome, as it is prone to be interfered by onboard or ambient magnetic disturbance. The onboard soft-iron material distorts not only the magnetic field, but also the magnetometer sensor frame coordinate and the cross-sensor misalignment relative to inertial sensors. It is desirable to conveniently put magnetic and inertial sensors information in a common frame. Existing methods either split the problem into successive intrinsic and cross-sensor calibrations, or rely on stationary accelerometer measurements which are infeasible in dynamic conditions. This brief formulates the magnetometer calibration and alignment to inertial sensors as a state estimation problem, and collectively solves the magnetometer intrinsic and cross-sensor calibrations, as well as the gyroscope bias estimation. Sufficient conditions are derived for the problem to be globally observable, even when no accelerometer information is used at all. An extended Kalman filter is designed to implement the state estimation and comprehensive test data results show the superior performance of the proposed approach. It is immune to acceleration disturbance and applicable potentially in any dynamic conditions.
An Evaluation of the German Relationship Assessment Scale

The Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) is a short seven-item measure for the assessment of relationship satisfaction. It can be used with different types of relationships. We aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the German version of the RAS in a community sample of N = 145 persons. The principal component analysis revealed one general factor, which accounted for more than 60 per cent of the variance. The internal consistency of the RAS was high (α = .89). While there were no significant associations between RAS scores and age or gender, several other sociodemographic parameters had an impact on the RAS, e. g. presence of children. The RAS correlated significantly with scales of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), most impressively with the DAS satisfaction scale (r = .87). Persons living in a distressing relationship, as indicated by a DAS total score below 100, also had lower scores on the RAS. In conclusion, our results extend the evidence on the reliability and validity of the RAS.
Religion and religiosity: protective or harmful factors for sexual minority youth?

Sexual minority youth are disproportionately impacted by a number of psychosocial risks including a greater likelihood of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) when compared to heterosexual counterparts. Emerging research seeks to identify the risk and resilience factors that contribute to the mental health of this stigmatised population. Considering that most Americans grow up with at least some religious teachings and that most major world religions have historically condemned same sex sexuality, the current study examines the association between religious tradition, religiosity, and NSSI behaviour. Results indicate that religion plays both a protective and harmful role for sexual minority youth. Those identifying as Christians with high religious guidance had the greatest risk, seculars had a comparatively moderate risk, and Christians with low religious guidance had the least risk. Implications for clinical practice and future areas of research are discussed.
Phenotypic approaches to gene mapping in platelet function disorders

Summary Platelet number or function disorders cause a range of bleeding symptoms from mild to severe. Patients with platelet dysfunction but normal platelet number are the most prevalent and typically have mild bleeding symptoms. The study of this group of patients is particularly difficult because of the lack of a gold-standard test of platelet function and the variable penetrance of the bleeding phenotype among affected individuals. The purpose of this short review is to discuss the way in which this group of patients can be investigated through platelet phenotyping in combination with targeted gene sequencing. This approach has been used recently to identify patients with mutations in key platelet activation receptors, namely those for ADP, collagen and thromboxane A2 (TxA2). One interesting finding from this work is that for some patients, mild bleeding is associated with heterozygous mutations in platelet proteins that are co-inherited with other genetic disorders of haemostasis such as type 1 von Willebrand‘s disease. Thus, the phenotype of mild bleeding may be multifactorial in some patients and may be considered to be a complex trait.
Metacognition and insight during problem solving : comment on metcalfe

Metcalfe (1986a, 1986b; Metcalfe & Weibe, 1987) used two types of metacognitive judgments, prediction of solution and rating of warmth, to support the claim that there is a nonincremental process corresponding to the Gestalt notion of insight that occurs in the solution of certain sorts of problems. However, there are logical and empirical issues that can be raised about Metcalfe's analysis and conclusions : a) Metcalfe's finding that Ss cannot predict their performance on «insight» problems does not not logically necessitate that solutions to such problems occur in sudden bursts of insight, b) Metcalfe's feeling-of-warmth data for insight problems are problematic as support for her hypothesis, and c) Metcalfe's definition of insight is circular and does not further our understanding of problem solving