Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic regions associated with pseudorabies virus infection status in naturally infected feral swine (Sus scrofa)

Pseudorabies virus (PRV)—the causative agent of Aujeszky’s disease—was eliminated from commercial pig production herds in the United States (US) in 2004; however, PRV remains endemic among invasive feral swine (Sus scrofa). The circulation of PRV among abundant, widespread feral swine populations poses a sustained risk for disease spillover to production herds. Risk–based surveillance has been successfully implemented for PRV in feral swine populations in the US. However, understanding the role of host genetics in infection status may offer new insights into the epidemiology and disease dynamics of PRV that can be applied to management strategies. Genetic mechanisms underlying host susceptibility to PRV are relatively unknown; therefore, we sought to identify genomic regions associated with PRV infection status among naturally infected feral swine using genome–wide association studies (GWAS) and gene set enrichment analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism data (GSEA–SNP). Paired serological and genotypic data were collected from 6,081 feral swine distributed across the invaded range within the contiguous US. Three complementary study populations were developed for GWAS: 1) comprehensive population consisting of feral swine throughout the invaded range within the contiguous US; 2) population of feral swine under high, but temporally variable PRV infection pressure; and 3) population of feral swine under temporally stable, high PRV infection pressure. We identified one intronic SNP associated with PRV infection status within candidate gene AKAP6 on autosome 7. Various gene sets linked to metabolic pathways were enriched in the GSEA–SNP. Ultimately, improving disease surveillance efforts in feral swine will be critical to further understanding of the role host genetics play in PRV infection status, helping secure the health of commercial pork production.
Research Article Emotional metaphors for an inclusive classroom climate

In this paper, after examining several studies that link emotional competencies with classroom climate, we proceed to review several studies that highlight the role of metaphors in this regard. First, metaphors and their relationship with an inclusive classroom climate that favors emotional well-being are reviewed, followed by embodied metaphors. Finally, the implications of the use of metaphor as an educational tool to promote an inclusive and emotionally positive classroom climate are discussed, both in teacher training and with regard to students.
Combined Planar Measurements of Flow Velocity and Mass Concentration in Shallow Turbulent Flow Part 1: Development of a Planar Concentration Analysis (PCA) System

For the experimental investigation of the transfer of mass concentrations in shallow turbulent flows an time/cost efficient and easy-to-use measuring technique will be presented. The Planar Concentration Analysis (PCA) technique allows to evaluate the depth-averaged concentra- tion of a soluble conservative tracer, namely food coloring. Since PCA is based on video image analysis, the spatial and temporal resolution is high, depending on the optical components and on the digitalisation and storage capacity. Details will be given to the algorithm for the conversion of light intensity to concentration , which also accounts for the non-linear relation. This extension significantly increases the measurement range for mass concentrations. Finally the PCA system will be applied to the spreading of a tracer plume for a continuous point- source in a shallow turbulent laterally unbounded flow.
Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic reveals potential mechanism for promotion of ginsenoside synthesis in Panax ginseng leaves under different light intensities

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is a shade plant, and its leaves are an important medicinal part of P. ginseng. Light intensity plays a crucial role in physiological activities and metabolite accumulation in P. ginseng. Currently, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying physiological changes and quality under different light intensities in P. ginseng leaves. Therefore, we investigated the changes in photosynthetic physiology, secondary metabolism, transcriptomics, and metabolomics of P. ginseng leaves under different light intensities [T20 (20 µmol m-2·s-1), T50 (50 µmol m-2·s−1), T100 (100 μmol m−2·s−1)]]. Higher light intensity positively influenced the yield, photosynthesis, and accumulation of polysaccharides, soluble sugars, terpenoids, and ginsenosides in P. ginseng leaves. The T100 treatment notably promoted the accumulation of ginsenosides in the leaves, resulting in a 68.32% and 45.55% increase in total ginsenosides compared to the T20 and T50 treatments, respectively. Ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rg2, Rb2, Rb3, and Rd were 1.28-, 1.47-, 2.32-, 1.64-, 1.28-, 2.59-, 1.66-, and 2.28-times higher than in the T20 treatment. Furthermore, 285 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 4218 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the metabolome and transcriptome of P. ginseng leaves, respectively, were identified. 13 triterpenoid saponins were significantly upregulated, and three were downregulated. The expression of genes encoding photosystem II reaction center proteins was upregulated under the T100 treatment, thereby increasing photosynthetic activity. The T100 treatment enhanced the expression of genes involved in photosynthetic carbon and energy metabolism in P. ginseng. The expression of antenna protein synthesis genes was upregulated under the T20, which increased the ability to capture light in P. ginseng leaves. T100 upregulated the expression of HMGR, SS, CYP716A53v2, UGT74AE, PgUGT1, and UGTPg45, thereby promoting terpene and ginsenoside synthesis. In summary, 100 µmol m−2·s−1 was conducive to quality formation of P. ginseng leaves. This study elucidates molecular mechanisms underlying the photosynthetic physiology and ginsenoside synthesis in P. ginseng under varying light intensities and provides a theoretical basis for the P. ginseng cultivation and its industrial production of secondary metabolites.
Explicit Model Predictive Speed Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor With Torque Ripple Minimization

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are employed in various high-precision industrial applications. However, the torque ripple caused by nonideal factors, such as cogging torque, flux harmonics, and unbalanced stator phase currents diminishes motor performance. Therefore, torque ripple minimization is an important key in designing high-performance controllers for PMSMs. In this paper, an explicit model predictive speed control (EMPSC) is proposed as an advanced strategy for torque ripple minimization. First, the torque ripple is modeled as a periodic disturbance in the speed model. Subsequently, a Lyapunov-based periodic disturbance observer (PDOB) is designed to fast and accurately estimate the torque ripple. The EMPSC updates the estimated disturbance into the prediction model and minimizes the cost function to obtain the optimal control signal. This control signal effectively mitigates torque ripple while enhancing dynamic response performance. Furthermore, this paper introduces an explicit process aimed at significantly reducing the complexity and computational effort of the entire control scheme. Lastly, the simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Animal Models in Eye Research: Focus on Corneal Pathologies

The eye is a complex sensory organ that enables visual perception of the world. The dysfunction of any of these tissues can impair vision. Conduction studies on laboratory animals are essential to ensure the safety of therapeutic products directly applied or injected into the eye to treat ocular diseases before eventually proceeding to clinical trials. Among these tissues, the cornea has unique homeostatic and regenerative mechanisms for maintaining transparency and refraction of external light, which are essential for vision. However, being the outermost tissue of the eye and directly exposed to the external environment, the cornea is particularly susceptible to injury and diseases. This review highlights the evidence for selecting appropriate animals to better understand and treat corneal diseases, which rank as the fifth leading cause of blindness worldwide. The development of reliable and human-relevant animal models is, therefore, a valuable research tool for understanding and translating fundamental mechanistic findings, as well as for assessing therapeutic potential in humans. First, this review emphasizes the unique characteristics of animal models used in ocular research. Subsequently, it discusses current animal models associated with human corneal pathologies, their utility in understanding ocular disease mechanisms, and their role as translational models for patients.
PHOTOMETRIC OBSERVATIONS OF VARIABLE ASTEROIDS, III

Light-curves of 10 asteroids have been obtained daring the time interval from October 1962 to February 1963.The same telescope and photoelectric photometer as described in our first paper have been,used for these observations.The asteroids whose light-curves have been investigated here are as follows:(2)Pallas,(7)Iris,(13) Egeria,(21)Lutetia,(29)Amphitrite,(51)Nemausa,(349)Dembowaka,(354)Eleonora, (511)Davida,and(532)Herculina.Their composite light-curves are shown in figures 1 to 10. The light variations of asteroids (13),(21),(29),(51),and (349) seem to have never been studied before. (51)Nemausa shows a quite interesting and complicated form of light-curve. From observations on 4 nights during February 1963,we obtained a period of 11~h.81 for(2)Pallas.This is different from the period of 10~h40~m derived by Wood and Kuiper from 1956 observations.Assuming the minima of their three nights of obser- vations to belong to the same phase,it is possible to combine these observations with period of 11~h.72. In any case,there is not a common period for 1956 and I963 obser- vations.It would be interesting to surmise that there was a case of an abrupt change in period.Anyway,this bright asteroid deserves further observations. (532)Herculina proves to be an asteroid having the longest period of light variation so far observed.Groeneveld estimated its period to be about 17 hours.Our obser- vations during four successive nights,lasting about six hours each night,yield a period of 18~h.813. For (7) Iris,there have already been light-curves obtained during four oppositions in the past.The coordinates of the pole of the rotational axes,λ_0=193°,β_0=15°,as derived by T.Gehrels also satisfy our light-curve.This fact tends to show the correct- ness of his coordinates for the pole and the formula for amplitude variation.But this happy situation no longer holds in the case of (511) Davida.Gehrel's coordinates of the pole as well as the amplitude formula failed to represent our light-curve for 1962 December observations.With the amplitude formula α=A(1-|cos γ|)—where A de- notes the maximum amplitude and γ,the angle between the rotational axis and plane- tocentric position of the earth—and the coordinates of the rotational pole λ_0=306°, β_0=34°,it has been possible to represent the observed amplitudes of 1952,1953,1956, and 1963 observations fairly satisfactorily. Our observations of (354) Eleonora corroborates the period obtained by Groene- veld.
Hepatoprotective Activity of Plant Extracts in Non-Human Models: The Toxicants Solvents and Diseased Models-A Review

The search for an ideal hepatic regenerative agent has led to the modelling of several forms of liver disorders. This involves the usage of various substances in in-vitro and in-vivo systems that are injurious to the human liver in in-vitro and in-vivo systems and then challenged with plants parts extracted with organic and inorganic solvents. Reported view works on hepatotoxicity have been focused on the plant species, this review therefore focused on the toxicants, the solvents for extraction and models used in inducing the hepatotoxicity. Google search, Elsevier and PubMed databases were searched for primary articles from 2005-2022 on hepatotoxicity. In all, 206 articles were retrieved, of which 46 were rejected and 165 were included for the analysis. Authors reported 55 toxicants used in inducing 10 in-vitro and in-vitro models and challenged with 94 different medicinal plants species extracted using 11 different organic and inorganic solvents. Comparatively, tetrachloromethane (CCL4) was the most frequent toxicant 55 of 94 (58.5%) reported plant species while ethanol 25 (45.5%) was the most frequently used solvent for extracting plant phytoconstituents. For the models used in inducing hepatotoxicity, Wistar albino rats 46 of the 55 (83.6%) reported toxicants was the most predominant. The liver is prone to many available toxicants however, phytohepatoregeneration is possible with many medicinal plants which can easily be extracted with common solvents.
Simultaneous inter-calibration of 160 MiMi neutron detectors

The 160 MiMi neutron detectors of SAFFRON, a 3D full-core mapping system developed at EPFL for the CROCUS zero-power reactor, have been simultaneously inter-calibrated in preparation for their in-core installation. An experimental setup was built to distribute up to 180 MiMi detectors radially at 15 cm around the Pu-Be neutron source of the CARROUSEL facility. An efficient inter-calibration methodology is presented: first, the azimuthal shape of the relative source strength is characterized by rotating 18 MiMi detectors distributed every 20º around the PuBe, followed by the simultaneous determination of the relative sensitivity of 160 MiMi detectors, distributed all around the Pu-Be source.
Effects of different plyometric training frequencies on physical performance in youth male volleyball players: a randomized trial

This study aimed to analyze the effect of plyometric training (PT) at different frequencies on jump performance, running sprint speed, and service speed in youth male volleyball players. The participants were randomly assigned to one PT session per week (Experimental Group 1, EG1, n = 15), two PT sessions per week (Experimental Group 2, EG2, n = 14), and a control group (CG, n = 13). The total weekly jumping ranged between 98 and 196 jumps (equalized between, EG1 and, EG2). The assessments performed were squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), CMJ-arms, drop jump (DJ), 5-m sprint, 10-m sprint, and service speed. The intragroup comparisons showed that, EG1 significantly (p < 0.001) improved SJ (Δ = 12.74%; d = 1.30), CMJ (Δ = 11.94%; d = 1.71), CMJ-arms (Δ = 12.02%; d = 1.47), DJ (Δ = 10.93%; d = 1.30), 5-m sprint (Δ = −4.61%; d = 0.29), 10-m sprint (Δ = −3.95%; d = 0.40) and service speed (Δ = 8.17%; d = 1.53). Similarly, EG2 significantly (p˂ 0.001) improved SJ (Δ = 11.52%; d = 1.25), CMJ (Δ = 11.29%; d = 1.38), CMJ-arms (Δ = 11.42%; d = 1.26), DJ (Δ = 13.90%; d = 2.17), 5-m sprint (Δ = −3.85%; d = 0.25), 10-m sprint (Δ = −2.73%; d = 0.25) and service speed (Δ = 6.77%; d = 1.44). The CG significantly (p < 0.05) improved SJ (Δ = 2.68; d = 0.28), CMJ-arms (Δ = 2.30; d = 0.35), 5-m sprint (Δ = −1.27; d = 0.10) and service speed (Δ = 1.42; d = 0.30). Intergroup comparisons revealed significantly greater improvements in all variables (p < 0.001) in, EG1 and, EG2 concerning to CG. However, no significant differences were found between, EG1 and, EG2. A moderate weekly PT volume, distributed in one or two sessions per week, seems equally effective.
Spatial Registration ofMultispectral and MultitemporalDigitalImagery Using FastFourier Transform Techniques

A systemforspatial registration ofdigitized multi- spectral andmultitemporal imagery isdescribed. Multispectral imagery canbeobtained fromsources suchasmultilens cameras, multichannel optical-mechanical linescanners, ormultiple vidicon systems whichemploy filters orother spectral separation techniques tosenseselected portions ofthespectrum. Spatial registration isre- quired sothatmultidimensional analysis canbeperformed oncon- textually similar imageelements fromdifferent wavelength bands andatdifferent times. Thegeneral registration problem isdiscussed first; thenthefast Fourier transform (FFT)technique forcross cor- relation ofmisregistered imagery todetermine spatial distances is discussed indetail. A methodofachieving translational, rotational, andscaling corrections between images isdescribed. Results ofcor- relation analysis ofmultispectral scanner imagery anddigitized satellite photography ispresented. Useofthesystem forregistration ofmultispectral airborne line-scanner imagery andspace photography isdescribed. Application ofthetechniques topreprocessing ofearth resources satellite imagery fromsystems suchastheearth-resources technology satellite (ERTS) scanner andvidicon system isdiscussed inconclusion. I.INTRODUCTION
Precipitation projections in the tropical Pacific are sensitive to different types of SST bias adjustment

Many coupled climate models suffer from large sea surface temperature (SST) biases in the tropical Pacific, and for this reason studies have used a combination of observed SSTs and model‐generated SST warming patterns to obtain climate projections. However, the existence of biases in the present‐day coupled model SSTs implies that SST future warming patterns may also be biased. Models with large biases in tropical Pacific SST simulate warming that does not align with the observed cold tongue, producing a dynamically unrealistic pattern when added to observed SSTs. We demonstrate that projections of precipitation are highly sensitive to the warming pattern of SSTs by using idealized annually forced atmospheric model experiments. Simple bias adjustment of the warming pattern is applied, leading to precipitation changes that are around 60% weaker in the Western Tropical Pacific. Sensitivity of precipitation to small changes in the SST may explain the large discrepancies in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 precipitation projections in this region.
A Middle Pleistocene Limpet Assemblage from Central Japan (Gastropoda: Patellogastropoda) and Selective Extinction of Intertidal Rocky Shore Molluscs in Response to Glacio-Eustatic Sea-Level Changes

Abstract Patellogastropods are poorly recorded in sedimentary rocks. This hinders our understanding of their evolutionary and migratory history in the geologic past. The Middle Pleistocene Ichijiku Formation in the Boso Peninsula, central Japan, consists of sand wave deposits formed at 50 to 130 m water depth by unidirectional currents on a sea floor and contains an unusually well preserved and highly diverse patellogastropod assemblage. A total of 12 patellogastropod taxa have been collected: seven species of Cellana (Nacellidae), four species referred to as living Lotiidae, and one undetermined species of the family Lottiidae. Of the seven species of Cellana, five are described as new (Cellana yamamotoi sp. nov., C. bosoensis sp. nov., C. igniculus sp. nov., C. kobayashii sp. nov., and C. kamatakiensis sp. nov.), one is related to the modern C. toreuma (Reeve), and one poorly preserved taxon is unnamed but probably extinct. The assemblage represents a window into a Middle Pleistocene patellogastropod community in central Japan, which differs markedly from the modern fauna in the dominance of the genus Cellana. Selective extinction is noted for the genus Cellana. The habitat loss during the glacial lowstands of sea level is a plausible explanation for this selective extinction.
Blind use of reanalysis data: apparent trends in Madden–Julian Oscillation activity driven by observational changes

Atmospheric and oceanic reanalyses are used widely by the climate science community. These products provide full three‐dimensional state fields and gapless time series, along with the confidence of being constrained by observational measurements, for atmospheric scientists and oceanographers to use in analyses of the climate system. However, as ubiquitous as reanalysis data are, it is not often considered how a scarcity of measurements in certain poorly observed regions, or over the course of a long period of time in which the observational system has changed significantly, impacts the realism of the data. This study explores this question using tropical surface pressures from the Twentieth Century Reanalysis to hindcast an index of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) over the 20th century. We show that by changing the choice of surface pressure predictor locations, and being aware of the observational measurements that have been assimilated by the reanalysis system, it is possible to control the estimated centennial‐scale trend in MJO activity from nearly zero to an increase of 30% over the 20th century. We emphasize that this is an apparent trend as it arises solely from the use of reanalyzed surface pressures from locations that have either been poorly observed or have experienced significant changes in the observing system over the 20th century. This highlights the need to be aware of the observational measurements (or lack of them), particularly their density in space and time, that have been assimilated by a reanalysis system.
Effect of intermediate-term firewood smoke air pollution on cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammatory markers

Background Temuco is a city in Southern Chile with elevated levels of air pollution (AP), mainly due to using wood as combustion throughout the cold season. The study aimed to assess the differences in cardiometabolic risk factors, estimated cardiovascular risk, and blood level of inflammatory markers between high AP (HAP) and low AP (LAP) periods. Methods A prospective panel study was conducted between January to September 2018. Air pollution was assessed by PM2.5 concentration. Ninety individuals from the general population were included in the study. Measurements were performed in the HAP and LAP, including medical history and lifestyle, physical activity assessment, physical exam, and fasting blood samples for glucose, lipids, and circulatory inflammatory mediators. Results In the high air pollution period, systolic blood pressure was 3 mmHg higher (p = 0.05). HDL-cholesterol was 14.2 mg/dl lower (p < 0.001), Framingham risk score increased from 14.5 to 18.0 (p < 0.001), and highly significant lower levels of interleukins, MCP1, MMP1, MMP2, sICAM, and svCAM were observed. Conclusions HAP was associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors and estimated cardiovascular risk. However, a lower level of circulating acute inflammatory molecules was observed. Inflammatory molecules blood levels were not associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors.
Unsupervised but not supervised gait parameters are related to fatigue in Parkinson’s disease: a pilot study

Introduction Fatigue is a common and disabling symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), also affecting gait. Detection of fatigue-associated changes of gait using mobile health technologies (MHT) could become increasingly effective. Methods Cognitively unimpaired PD patients without fluctuations (UPDRS IV < 1) underwent a standard neurological assessment including the PD-Fatigue scale (PFS-16). PD patients with (PD-F) and without fatigue (PD-N) were matched for age, sex, cognitive function and disease severity. Each participant underwent MHT gait assessment under supervised condition (SC) and unsupervised condition (UC). Results Gait parameters of 21 PD-F and 21 PD-N did not significantly differ under SC. Under UC, PD-F showed higher step time, step time variability and asymmetry index compared to PD-N and the PFS-16 correlated with step time. Conclusion This is the first MHT-based study with PD patients showing a correlation between fatigue and gait parameters. In addition, the data collected suggest that UC is clearly superior to SC in addressing this question.