Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular diseases are a class of heart or blood vessels diseases, which are now considered to be the leading cause of death globally. A number of recent studies have reported key roles for inflammation in the progression of diseased vessels and systematic heart failure. In particular, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is mechanistically implicated in inflammation and autophagy, has now been associated with pathophysiological states in the cardiovascular system. Autophagy has also been identified as an important process in the progression of multiple cardiovascular diseases such as in atherosclerosis plaque progression and ischemia and/or reperfusion. In light of the above, it has been proposed that a link between inflammation, autophagy, and ER stress may exist that contribute to diseases of the heart and its supporting vessels. This review highlights current knowledge on the cross talk between these three biological processes, and the potential of targeting this pathway as a therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disorders and its related diseases.
Long-Term Pain Vulnerability After Surgery in Rats: Prevention by Nefopam, an Analgesic with Antihyperalgesic Properties

BACKGROUND: Tissue damage associated with surgery often produces peripheral and central sensitization that may outlast the stimuli, leading to exaggerated postoperative pain. Paradoxically, the use of opioid analgesia, which is essential for surgical pain management may induce pain sensitization leading to enhanced postoperative pain and an increased risk of developing chronic pain. We studied whether a surgical incision in the rat hindpaw may favor the development of long-term pain vulnerability by estimating hyperalgesia induced by an inflammatory stimulation of the unlesioned contralateral hindpaw 3 wk later. We also evaluated the ability of nefopam, an analgesic drug commonly used in postoperative pain management, to prevent not only exaggerated postoperative pain but also long-term pain vulnerability. The efficacy of morphine was assessed 1 day after surgical incision. METHODS: On Day 0, a surgical plantar incision was performed in one hindpaw of rats treated or untreated with fentanyl (4 × 100 &mgr;g/kg, one injection every 15 min). Nefopam (10 mg/kg) or saline was subcutaneously injected 30 min before injury. Three weeks later, once pain measures had returned to basal values, a subsequent nociceptive stimulus, specifically intraplantar carrageenan injection, was performed to evaluate pain sensitivity in incision- and fentanyl-experienced rats. Pain was measured by the paw-pressure vocalization test and the weight bearing test. RESULTS: Surgical incision in rats induced latent and long-term pain hypersensitivity, which was manifested by exaggerated hyperalgesia on carrageenan injection. Administering fentanyl in association with the surgical incision induced exaggerated postoperative pain. When injected before incision, nefopam reduced the exaggerated postoperative pain induced by perioperative fentanyl treatment and prevented the development of long-term pain hypersensitivity. Preoperative nefopam administration also improved morphine analgesic efficacy in the context of fentanyl-induced postoperative hyperalgesia. CONCLUSIONS: Given preemptively, nefopam may be effective at improving postoperative pain management and at reducing the risk of developing postoperative chronic pain, because the drug has both analgesic and antihyperalgesic properties.
Dependent Types for a Nominal Logical Framework

We present a logical framework based on the nominal approach to representing syntax with binders. First we extend nominal terms, which have a built-in name-abstraction operator and a first-order notion of substitution for variables, with a capture-avoiding substitution operator for names. We then build a dependent type system for this extended syntax and show how it can be used to formalise systems with binding operators.
Racial Composition of Workgroups and Job Satisfaction among Whites

Despite decades of research on job satisfaction, few analysts have examined the relative explanatory power of the demographic composition of the workgroup against traditional predictors that focus on the characteristics of workers' jobs. This article drew from the organizational demography and status composition perspectives to examine the effects of workgroup racial composition on white job satisfaction. The sample consisted of non-Hispanic whites who responded to the 2002 National Study of the Workforce. The findings showed that an increase in the number of minority coworkers negatively affected job satisfaction among whites, until the characteristics of jobs were controlled. The results support the status composition perspective in suggesting that whites are not overtly biased against minority coworkers but rather become dissatisfied with the less favored jobs they share with minorities.
A 50-150 kHz half-bridge inverter for induction heating applications

A half-bridge resonant-type IGBT inverter suitable for heating magnetic and nonmagnetic materials at high-frequency is described. A series-parallel arrangement of capacitors is adopted and an optimum mode of operation is proposed. In this mode, the inverter is operated at unity power factor by PLL control irrespective of load variations, with maximum current gain, maximum overall system efficiency, and practically no voltage spikes in the devices at turn-off. The actual performance was tested on a 50-150 kHz prototype rated at 6 kW. The low-cost developed hybrid inverter is characterized by its simplicity of design and operation, yet is versatile in performance. A simplified analysis and detailed experimental results are presented.
Genetically manipulated virulence of Yersinia enterocolitica

Mobilizable virulence plasmids of Yersinia enterocolitica of serotypes O:3 and O:9 were constructed by cointegration of a mobilizable vector into the virulence plasmids. The obtained cointegrates were mobilized into plasmidless Y. enterocolitica strains of serotypes O:3, O:5, O:8, and O:9. The transfer experiments revealed the existence of two different subgroups of plasmid-associated traits. (i) Animal virulence functions (mouse lethality and conjuctivitis provocation) were only transferable to plasmid-cured derivatives of virulent parent strains (serotypes O:3, O:8, and O:9), but they were not transferable to Y. enterocolitica antigen reference strains (serotypes O:3 and O:8) or to a plasmidless clinical isolate of serotype O:5. A further striking result was that a serotype O:8 strain regained the mouse lethality trait after receipt of a plasmid from a strain not lethal to mice. These results demonstrate that plasmid-mediated animal virulence functions are not uniformly expressed within Y. enterocolitica. (ii) The second subgroup of plasmid-mediated traits (calcium dependency, surface agglutinogens, HEp-2 cell adherence, and protein release) were transferable to all Y. enterocolitica recipient strains tested (serotypes O:3, O:5, O:8, and O:9 of different origin). For the first time HEp-2 cell adherence and temperature-induced release of five major protein species are described as transferable traits.
A Trainable Feature Extractor Module for Deep Neural Networks and Scanpath Classification

Scanpath classification is an area in eye tracking research with possible applications in medicine, manufacturing as well as training systems for students in various domains. In this paper we propose a trainable feature extraction module for deep neural networks. The purpose of this module is to transform a scanpath into a feature vector which is directly useable for the deep neural network architecture. Based on the backpropagated error of the deep neural network, the feature extraction module adapts its parameters to improve the classification performance. Therefore, our feature extraction module is jointly trainable with the deep neural network. The motivation to this feature extraction module is based on classical histogram-based approaches which usually compute distributions over a scanpath. We evaluated our module on three public datasets and compared it to the state of the art approaches.
Deterministic Construction of Compressed Sensing Matrices via Algebraic Curves

Compressed sensing is a sampling technique which provides a fundamentally new approach to data acquisition. Comparing with traditional methods, compressed sensing makes full use of sparsity so that a sparse signal can be reconstructed from very few measurements. A central problem in compressed sensing is the construction of sensing matrices. While random sensing matrices have been studied intensively, only a few deterministic constructions are known. Inspired by algebraic geometry codes, we introduce a new deterministic construction via algebraic curves over finite fields, which is a natural generalization of DeVore's construction using polynomials over finite fields. The diversity of algebraic curves provides numerous choices for sensing matrices. By choosing appropriate curves, we are able to construct binary sensing matrices which are superior to Devore's ones. We hope this connection between algebraic geometry and compressed sensing will provide a new point of view and stimulate further research in both areas.
In Vitro Production of Echioidinin, 7-O-Methywogonin from Callus Cultures of Andrographis lineata and Their Cytotoxicity on Cancer Cells

Andrographis lineata is an herbal medicinal plant used in traditional medicine as a substitute for Andrographis paniculata. Here, using mature leaf explants of A. lineata we demonstrate for the first time the callus induction established on MS medium containing 1.0 mg l–1 IAA. Dried callus was subjected to solvent extraction with acetone. Further the acetone residue was separated by silica gel column chromatography, crystallized and characterized on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (proton and c13) and liquid chromatographic mass spectroscopy. This analysis revealed the occurrence of two known flavones namely, 7-O-methylwogonin (MW) and Echioidinin (ED). Furthermore, these compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against leukemic cell line, CEM. We identify that ED and MW induced cytotoxicity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Further increase in the LDH release upon treatment with ED and MW further confirmed our cytotoxicity results against leukemic cell line. Strikingly, MW was more potent than ED when compared by trypan blue and MTT assays. Our results recapitulate the utility of callus cultures for the production of plant specific bioactive secondary metabolites instead of using wild plants. Together, our in vitro studies provide new insights of A. lineata callus cultures serving as a source for cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
Adaptive and maladaptive coping styles: Does intervention change anything?

Research on adolescent development has devoted little attention to the social and cognitive processes that are linked to adaptive or maladaptive psychological outcomes. This is surprising, since it is widely acknowledged that most adolescents are confronted with a wide range of normative and non-normative stressors, which may tax their emotional and cognitive resources (Compas, Hinden, & Gerhardt, 1995). Because increased psychosocial stress during this developmental period is a significant and pervasive risk factor for psychopathology (Compas, Connor-Smith, Saltzman, Thomsen, & Wadsworth, 2001), the ways in which adolescents cope with these stressors are potentially important mediators and moderators of the impact of stress on current and future adjustment. In this regard it is important to note that although a substantial number of adolescents meet the criteria for emotional or behavioural psychopathology, they rarely take up offers of professional help (Zwaanswijk, van der Emde, Verhaak, Bensing, & Verhulst, 2003). Yet, it is not fully known how social cognitive factors are related to this pattern of use of mental health services by adolescents. This contribution focuses on the coping behaviours of adolescents who have adaptive and maladaptive outcomes. More specifically, it deals with coping as a core process, which is linked to current and future social functioning in adolescents. In addition, it tries to illustrate how social cognitive processes may contribute to the “counselling aversion” (Seiffge-Krenke, 1998) seen in emotionally troubled adolescents.
Rayleigh Taylor Instability in Multiple Finite-Thickness Fluid Layers

We develop a general transfer-matrix formalism for determining the growth rate of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a fluid system with spatially varying density and viscosity. We use this formalism to analytically and numerically treat the case of a stratified heterogeneous fluid. We introduce the inviscid-flow approximation in our transfer-matrix formalism to find analytic solutions in the limit of uniform kinematic viscosity for a stratified heterogeneous fluid. We discuss the applicability of these results and the no-acceleration approximation that also yields analytical solutions in the large viscosity limit.
Terahertz Metamaterial Renormalization of Superconducting Josephson Plasmons in La$_{1.85}$Sr$_{0.15}$CuO$_4$

We investigate light-matter coupling in the cuprate superconductor La$_{1.85}$Sr$_{0.15}$Cu0$_4$ (LSCO), accomplished by adhering metamaterial resonator arrays (MRAs) to a c-axis oriented single crystal. The resonators couple to the Josephson Plasma Mode (JPM) which manifests as a plasma edge in the terahertz reflectivity in the superconducting state. Terahertz reflectivity measurements at 10K reveal a renormalization of the JPM frequency, $\omega_{jpm}$, from 1.7 THz for the bare crystal to $\sim$1 THz with the MRAs. With increasing temperature, the modified $\omega_{jpm}$ redshifts as expected for decreasing superfluid density, vanishing above T$_{c}$. The modification of the electrodynamic response arises from resonator induced screening of the longitudinal polariton response, reminiscent of plasmon-phonon coupling in doped semiconductors. Modeling reveals that the electrodynamic response is fully interpretable using classical electromagnetism. Future studies will have to contend with the large effects we observe which could obscure subtle changes that may indicate cavity-based manipulation of superconductivity. Finally, we note that our MRA/LSCO structure is a tunable epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterial that exhibits a nonlinear response arising from the c-axis Josephson tunneling coupled with the local fields of the resonators.
Scalable Networked Feature Selection with Randomized Algorithm for Robot Navigation

We address the problem of sparse selection of visual features for localizing a team of robots navigating an unknown environment, where robots can exchange relative position measurements with neighbors. We select a set of the most informative features by anticipating their importance in robots localization by simulating trajectories of robots over a prediction horizon. Through theoretical proofs, we establish a crucial connection between graph Laplacian and the importance of features. We show that strong network connectivity translates to uniformity in feature importance, which enables uniform random sampling of features and reduces the overall computational complexity. We leverage a scalable randomized algorithm for sparse sums of positive semidefinite matrices to efficiently select the set of the most informative features and significantly improve the probabilistic performance bounds. Finally, we support our findings with extensive simulations.
Catering for Mathematically Gifted Elementary Students: Learning from Challenging Tasks

Boredom is a major concern of gifted students and stems from a lack of challenge in academic tasks and a perception by these students of the limited value of the “learning” experience (Feldhusen & Kroll, 1991; Galbraith, 1985; House, 1987). Academic tasks constitute the “work” of the classroom and, ideally, provide the necessary challenge that affords learning (Doyle, 1983, 1988). A key feature of challenging tasks is their authenticity within a domain. For example, an authentic mathematical task is characterized by its complexity, the obstacle to a ready-made solution, and the need for high-level thinking and reasoning. Thus, challenging mathematical tasks for gifted students should be authentic tasks that provide opportunities for them to emulate the practices of mathematicians, though at a less-sophisticated level. Gifted elementary students recognize the fundamental relationship between the level of challenge of a task and mathematical learning.
Recognizing Activities of Daily Living with a Wrist-Mounted Camera

We present a novel dataset and a novel algorithm for recognizing activities of daily living (ADL) from a first-person wearable camera. Handled objects are crucially important for egocentric ADL recognition. For specific examination of objects related to users' actions separately from other objects in an environment, many previous works have addressed the detection of handled objects in images captured from head-mounted and chest-mounted cameras. Nevertheless, detecting handled objects is not always easy because they tend to appear small in images. They can be occluded by a user's body. As described herein, we mount a camera on a user's wrist. A wrist-mounted camera can capture handled objects at a large scale, and thus it enables us to skip the object detection process. To compare a wrist-mounted camera and a head-mounted camera, we also developed a novel and publicly available dataset1 that includes videos and annotations of daily activities captured simultaneously by both cameras. Additionally, we propose a discriminative video representation that retains spatial and temporal information after encoding the frame descriptors extracted by convolutional neural networks (CNN).
Collagenous Transmembrane Proteins: Recent Insights into Biology and Pathology*

Is collagen just the workhorse of the extracellular matrix with few roles other than merely giving the body structural platforms? Hardly so. The collagen family has now swelled to at least 27 distinct members and thus is full of promise for functional diversity (1). Granted, some collagens belong to the best known and most abundant structural proteins. However, collagens also control sophisticated organ or tissue functions by means which are unexpected, fascinating, and often bewildering. Like other matrix macromolecules, collagens are functional only after aggregating into tissue suprastructures. They form complex alloys or composites containing not only several collagen types but also other kinds of molecules. Even tiny fractions of “minor” collagens astoundingly control suprastructural assembly and thus cell-matrix interactions dictating cellular activities such as growth, survival, differentiation, gene expression, and metabolism. This minireview will focus on a growing subgroup of collagens, the collagenous transmembrane proteins, which have dual functions as cell surface receptors or as matrix components. If their extracellular domains are cast off by limited proteolysis, they can begin to signal to cells as soluble molecules. Collagenous transmembrane proteins are widely expressed and are involved in cell adhesion, epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during morphogenesis, neuromuscular signaling, and host defense against microbial agents. Correspondingly, they are associated with genetic and acquired human diseases, e.g. epidermolysis bullosa, ectodermal dysplasias, bullous pemphigoid, or Alzheimer disease, and mouse models implicate them in the etiology of further pathological conditions.
An IoT ecosystem for the implementation of scalable wireless home automation systems at smart city level

Today home automation is quite common in developed nations. Remote access of appliances and devices in a home is provided via the internet. The challenge lies in making the system smart and deployable in a scalable manner across an entire city in a developing nation. This paper proposes a framework for making home automation achievable across a smart city in a scalable and data efficient manner. We have proposed an end to end home automation suite with modular implementation using open source components. The backend implemented supports multiple IoT protocols and the system is horizontally scalable. The ‘Rules engine’ implemented analyzes the data real time thus triggering various actions pre-decided by users. The system involves energy monitoring for enabling judicial energy consumption in a home. Unlike smart-meters, which give data about total energy consumption per house, the proposed solution is an innovative way to get fairly accurate analysis of per device consumption. A single system can be deployed and can handle data coming from homes for an entire city. The implemented system includes web-dashboard and android application for monitoring the consumption. The scalable architecture used ensures that there will be no problem handling data traffic as number of users increase. Experiments on the prototype system showed low latency for real time analytics even with large simultaneous data streams. The unique features of this system are its modular & dynamic nature, scalability and real time analytics for quick decision making.
Hydrophobic CDR 3 residues promote the development of self-reactive T cells

Studies of individual T cells receptors (TCRs) have shed some light on structural features that underlie self-reactivity. However, general rules that predict whether TCRs are self-reactive have not been fully elucidated. Analyses of thymocytes expressing all V family members show that the interfacial hydrophobicity of amino acids at positions 6 and 7 of the CDR3 segment robustly promotes the development of self-reactive TCRs. An index based on these findings distinguishes V 2+, V 6+ and V 8.2+ regulatory T cells from conventional T cells, as well as T cells selected on a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) allele associated with mouse type-1 diabetes from Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:http://www.nature. com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms Corresponding Author: Eric.Huseby@umassmed.edu. TCR sequence data is deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) SUB-XXXXXXX Author Contributions B.D. S. , K.S. , A.K.S. , M.P., A.K. C and E.S. H. conceived various aspects of the project, designed, and interpreted experiments. TCR sequencing experiments were performed by B.D. S. and statistical analyses were performed by B.D. S. and K.S. Experiments were performed by B.D. S. , K.S. , I.G-T. , J.J., K.S. , and E.S. H. The manuscript was written by B.D. S. , K.S. , A.K. C and E.S. H. The authors have no competing financial interests. HHS Public Access Author manuscript Nat Immunol . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 December 27. Published in final edited form as: Nat Immunol . 2016 August ; 17(8): 946–955. doi:10.1038/ni.3491. A uhor M anscript
Perception de la valeur sociale et norme d'internalité chez l'enfant.

In order to assess the intervening role of the norm of internality in judgments that children give one another, pupils of various grades were required to answer an internality questionnaire two times running: one time, with their own personal responses and the other time, with the responses they would expect a peer to give. This peer was either known by his school performance (as a good pupil Vs as a bad pupil) or by his likeableness (as a likeable child Vs as a dislikeable child)