Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Deixis Analysis of Song Lyrics in Jeremy Zucker's “You Were Good to Me” and “Comethru”

This research aims to identify the dominating deixis among the many types of deixis in Jeremy Zucker's songs "You Were Good to Me" and "Comethru. " Deixis is derived from the classical Greek phrase "to exhibit, to point out. " Deixis is the study of interpreting the relationship of a situation with words, phrases, and elements expressed in a sentence. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach. According to the research, 58 words in the song "You Were Good to Me" feature various types of deixis, and 54 words in the song "Comethru. " Person deixis points to objects, all pronouns, and possessives. Spatial deixis is used to indicate a location, whereas Temporal deixis is used to indicate a time.
Submodularity and Curvature: The Optimal Algorithm

Let (X;I) be a matroid and let f : 2 X ! R+ be a monotone submodular function. The curvature of f is the minimum c 2 [0; 1] such that for any S X and j 2 X n S, f (S [ fjg) f (S) (1 c)f (fjg). We consider the optimization problem maxff (S) : S 2 Ig. It is known that the greedy algorithm yields a 1=2-approximation for this problem [10], and 1 1+c -approximation when f has curvature c [3]. For the uniform matroid, it was known that the greedy algorithm yields an improved 1 (1 e c )-approximation [3]. In this paper, we analyze the continuous greedy algorithm [19] and prove that it gives a 1 c (1 e c )-approximation for any matroid. Moreover, we show that this holds for a relaxed notion of curvature, curvature with respect to the optimum, and we prove that any better approximation under these conditions would require an exponential number of value queries.
Characteristics of binocular vision and oculomotor function among sports-concussed athletes

Purpose: To compare the binocular vision and oculomotor function between sports-concussed athletes and aged-matched controls. Methods: Thirty mild concussed athletes were recruited and compared with aged-matched controls. All the participants underwent a comprehensive ocular assessment followed by an oculomotor assessment which included tests for accommodation, vergence, eye movements, and reading parameters. Results: Three categories of oculomotor-based deficits were found: convergence insufficiency (40%), accommodative insufficiency (25%), and oculomotor-based reading dysfunctions (20%). A statistically significant reduction in the mean ± SD of the following parameters was noted in concussed athletes v/s controls:- binocular accommodative amplitude: 7.13 ± 1.59 v/s 15.35 ± 2.95 (P < 0.001), convergence amplitude: 14.23 ± 5.00 v/s 5.65 ± 0.90 (P < 0.001), positive fusional vergence for distance: 21.17 ± 8.97 v/s 31.32 ± 6.23 (P < 0.001), vergence facility: 6.47 ± 1.47 v/s 11.84 ± 1.00 (P < 0.001), accommodative facility: 7.10 ± 4.57 v/s 11.67 ± 1.83 (P < 0.001), reading speed: 66.97 ± 17.82 v/s 144.13 ± 24.45 (P = 0.03) and Developmental Eye Movement ratio: 1.40 ± 0.19 v/s 1.17 ± 0.06 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Concussions caused by sports have a considerable impact on binocular vision and oculomotor parameters. These findings have substantial therapeutic implications in terms of establishing a periodic screening program for athletes so that essential therapy can be provided for a better outcome.
Synthesized partially unzipped carbon nanotubes and potential DNA/CNTs interactions

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are structurally considered to be graphene nano-ribbons (GNRs) that rolled up into seamless tubes. While CNTs nanotechnology is advancing, synthesis of GNRs from CNTs is sought after for precise and integrative graphene applications. Acid treatment of CNTs can generate longitudinal unzipping in an effective, large scale and economic approach. However, further understanding of CNTs-to-GNRs degradation, which mimics biodegradation molecular processes by oxidants, can also aid to assess toxicological impact of biodegraded CNTs. In this study, unzipping of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was established using a strong oxidizing agent. The influence of oxidation on the morphological, crystalline quality and dielectric properties was investigated. In particular, partial unzipping of CNTs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Broad band dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) was utilized to depict the influence of the applied frequency on the dielectric properties. GNRs exhibited a lag in the drop of capacitance and impedance to higher values of frequency with respect to the starting MWCNTs. Furthermore, DNA interactions with partially unzipped carbon nanotubes, were computationally assessed by employing molecular docking. The obtained potential DNA-CNT molecular conformations were illustrated and their biomolecular implications were discussed.
On Conceptual Metaphor in Cryptology Education

In this paper, I analyze the impact of culture and metaphor on cryptology education. I will compare and contrast the historically grounded metaphors of cryptology-is-warfare and encryption-is-security to a set of counter-metaphors: cryptology-is-privacy and encryption-is-communication. Using this explicit understanding of conceptual metaphor, I present design recommendations and metaphorizing activities for educators building their undergraduate cryptology course.
On a numerical solution of the Maxwell equations by discrete exterior calculus

Räbinä, Jukka On a numerical solution of the Maxwell equations by discrete exterior calculus Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2014, 142 p. (Jyväskylä Studies in Computing ISSN 1456-5390; 200) ISBN 978-951-39-5950-0 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-5951-7 (PDF) Finnish summary Diss. This study considers a numerical solution method based on discrete exterior calculus (DEC). The thesis concentrates on electromagnetic waves, meaning that the mathematical model is given by the Maxwell equations. The DEC offers a spatial discretization for the three-dimensional Maxwell problems. By applying the leapfrog style time discretization, we obtain a time-dependent simulation scheme, where the wave propagation can be tracked forward-in-time. We customize the DEC framework for harmonic wave problems. The harmonic leapfrog equations produce an exact time discretization scheme for timeharmonic problems. The spatial correction is carried out by modifying the Hodge operator, which is the key factor in the DEC discretization. Using the spatially harmonic assumption, the harmonic Hodge operator is derived by minimizing the discretization error by the least squares method. The numerical experiments show significant improvement of the simulation efficiency compared to the Yee scheme. Further, we improve the time discretization by introducing a new nonuniform leapfrog scheme, where the time step size can be varied inside the domain. The energy conservation properties are verified by numerical experiments. The non-uniform leapfrog method offers a significant improvement of the simulation efficiency compared to the uniform leapfrog method. Alternative iteration methods are introduced to solve time-periodic problems. The alternative methods are based on the controllability approach, where the quadratic cost function is minimized by preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm. The controllability method increases the speed of convergence especially with tasks, where the wave is trapped inside the domain. We compare the DEC implementation to the well known scattering simulation method called discrete-dipole approximation (DDA). The comparison shows that a simplified and optimized DEC implementation could be a very competitive method for solving scattering problems.
Numerical Study of Detonation-Turbulence Interaction

A numerical study is performed to investigate the effect of preshock turbulence on the detonation wave properties. The analysis is based on the integration of the chemically reactive Navier–Stokes equations using a Runge–Kutta scheme and a fifth-order WENO spatial discretization. The results show a marked influence of preshock perturbations on the postshock statistics. The alteration to the limit cycle structure supported by unstable waves close to their critical points is highlighted. The effect of reactivity and fluid acceleration in the postshock region are examined by comparison with the non-reactive analog. The possibility that significant forcing can lead to hot spot formation is investigated by considering temperature probability distribution functions in the reaction zone. The separate effect of vortical and entropic fluctuations is considered.
What analytic metaphysics can do for scientific metaphysics

The apparent chasm between two camps in metaphysics, analytic metaphysics and scientific metaphysics, is well recognized. I argue that the relationship between them is not necessarily a rivalry; a division of labour that resembles the relationship between pure mathematics and science is possible. As a case study, I look into the metaphysical underdetermination argument for ontic structural realism, a well-known position in scientific metaphysics, together with an argument for the position in analytic metaphysics known as ontological nihilism. I argue that we can ascribe the same schema to both arguments, which indicates that analytic metaphysics can offer an abstract model that scientific metaphysics may find useful.
Exploring Rates of Adherence and Barriers to Time-Restricted Eating

Whilst the treatment and prevention of overweight and obesity-related disease is managed by restricting daily energy intake, long-term adherence to dietary strategies appears unsustainable. Time-restricted eating (TRE) aims to position energy intake in an eating window under 12 h per day and offers an alternative behavioral intervention, which can aid weight management and improve cardiometabolic health. Adherence to previous TRE protocols is estimated at between 63 and 100%, although the accuracy of reporting is unclear. This study therefore aimed to provide an objective, subjective, and qualitative overview of adherence to a prescribed TRE protocol, and to identify any potential barriers affecting adherence. Adherence after 5 weeks of TRE was estimated at ~63% based on continuous glucose monitoring data when compared with time-stamped diet diaries. Subjective participant responses reported adherence at an average of ~61% per week. Barriers to adopting TRE, including work schedules, social events, and family life, were identified by participants during qualitative interviews. The findings of this study suggest that the development of personalized TRE protocols may help to navigate the barriers to adherence leading to improved health-related outcomes.
40-fs hydrogen Raman laser

first Stokes pulses at a wavelength of were generated in a hydrogen SRS-converter pumped by orthogonally polarised double chirped pulses of a Ti : sapphire laser. To obtain a Stokes pulse close to a transform-limited one, a programmed acousto-optic dispersive delay line was placed between the master oscillator and regenerative amplifier. The energy efficiency of Stokes radiation conversion reached 22 %.
Diagnostic Investigation of Flow field Characteristics of Cavity based Scramjet Combustors

In this paper diagnostic investigation of flow field characteristics of different cavity based scramjet combustors have been carried out for both non-reacting and reacting flows. The hydrogen fuel is injected at three different jet angles from ten different locations for the optimization of its location and jet orientation. The numerical studies have been carried out using a validated 2D unsteady, density based 1st-order implicit shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model with multi-component finite rate reacting species. The results show a wide variety of flow features resulting from the interactions between the injector flows, shock waves, boundary layers, and cavity flows. We conjectured that an optimized cavity is a good choice to stabilize the flame in the hypersonic flow as it generates a recirculation zone in the scramjet combustor. We comprehended that the cavity based scramjet combustors having a bearing on the source of disturbance for the transverse jet oscillation, fuel/air mixing enhancement, and flame-holding improvement. We concluded that cavity shape with backward facing step and 45 forward ramp is a good choice to get higher temperatures at the exit compared to other four models of scramjet combustors considered in this study. Additionaly, we inferred that fixing the fuel injector at an angle of 45 towards the inlet flow at a longitudinal distance 1.4 times of the inlet diameter of the combustor from the head-end could improve the combustor efficiency.
Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Differential and Simulated Annealing

Particle swarm optimization is a new evolutionary computation method of the group and is widely used in a few projects.Because the convergence speed is slow and easy to fall into local minimum,the paper proposes a hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm based on differential and simulated annealing.Through analysis and combining of their respective advantages of the three kinds of evolutionary algorithm,an improved particle swarm optimization is obtained.
Data‐Driven Approach Using Supervised Learning for Predicting Endpoint Temperature of Molten Steel in the Electric Arc Furnace

This study presents the development of a decision support system that focuses on predicting the endpoint temperature of molten steel to manage the process of an electric arc furnace more systematically. The decision support system leverages a data‐driven approach that consists of the following modules: 1) a data preprocessing module that specifically includes raw data filtering, feature engineering, and outlier detection; 2) a feature selection module based on domain knowledge; 3) regression modeling module that employs a supervised learning algorithm to forecast an endpoint temperature; and 4) sensitivity analysis module to identify the correlation between input and output metric. The applicability of the system is demonstrated through a validation study using real‐world operational data from Hyundai Steel located in Pohang, South Korea. The validation results show that the endpoint temperatures predicted by the system are evenly scattered to a perfect‐fit line within 5% errors of the actual temperatures. The results also indicate that CaO, power, and melting score have the most significant impact on the endpoint temperature, in which temperature decreases as CaO increases and increases as the power and melting score increase.
Compression induced crystal-to-glass transition in soft colloidal solids

: Using colloidal particles with di ﬀ erent thermosensitivities, we observe the transition from a crystalline solid to a disordered glass by tuning the size mismatch of the constituent particles in quasi-two-dimensional conﬁgurations. The transition is clearly identiﬁable by the correlation functions of the orientational order parameters and its susceptibilities. Di ﬀ erent from typical order-to-disorder transitions such as melting, where the underlying mechanism involves the di ﬀ usion of defects, the disordered phase in the crystal-to-glass transition grows via a nucleation process. The disordered clusters grow in size as the particle mismatch increases, and eventually percolate the whole system, which signiﬁes the qualitative change from an ordered crystal to a disordered glass.
Pharmacokinetics of Biopharmaceuticals: Their Critical Role in Molecular Design

Biopharmaceuticals have developed rapidly in recent years due to the remarkable progress in gene recombination and cell culture technologies. Since the basic structure of biopharmaceuticals can be designed and modified, it is possible to control the duration of action and target specific tissues and cells by kinetic modification. Amino acid sequence modifications, albumin fusion proteins, polyethylene glycol (PEG) modifications, and fatty acid modifications have been utilized to modify the duration of action control and targeting. This review first describes the position of biopharmaceuticals, and then the kinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and pharmacokinetics) of classical biopharmaceuticals and methods of drug quantification. The kinetic innovations of biopharmaceuticals are outlined, including insulin analog, antibody-related drugs (monoclonal antibodies, Fab analogs, Fc analogs, Fab-PEG conjugated proteins, antibody-drug conjugates, etc.), blood coagulation factors, interferons, and other related drugs. We hope that this review will be of use to many researchers interested in pharmaceuticals derived from biological components, and that it aids in their knowledge of the latest developments in this field.
Surround-View Fisheye Camera Viewpoint Augmentation for Image Semantic Segmentation

In autonomous vehicles, perception information about the surrounding road environment can be obtained through image semantic segmentation. The fisheye camera commonly used in autonomous vehicle surround view systems offers a wide field of view (FoV), providing comprehensive perception information about the surrounding environment and assisting in understanding complex scenes. However, there is a challenge in model training due to the limited availability of fisheye semantic image datasets, resulting in reduced generalization performance and unreliable results in various test environments. In particular, changes in the position and orientation of the camera result in changes in the camera viewpoint, which can impair the model’s segmentation performance. Generally, data scarcity problems are solved using augmentation methods, but existing methods have difficulty reflecting the distortion characteristics of fisheye images. To solve this problem, we propose viewpoint augmentation considering the spatially variant distortion characteristic of fisheye images. First, we use the fisheye camera projection model in reverse to map the captured 2D fisheye image to a point on the surface of a unit sphere in 3D. Then, we change the camera’s orientation and position by applying rotation and translation operations to the point. Finally, we re-project the transformed point to the fisheye image to generate a fisheye image with a changed viewpoint. The experimental results show that the proposed augmentation method increases the generalization performance of the model and effectively reduces model performance degradation under changing camera viewpoints, making it suitable for practical applications.
Children's Developing Mathematics in Collective Practices: A Framework for Analysis

This article presents a cultural-developmental framework for the analysis of children's mathematics in collective practices and illustrates the heuristic value of the framework through the analysis of videotaped episodes drawn from a middle-school classroom. The framework is presented in 2 related parts. The first targets the children's emerging mathematical goals in collective practices, with a particular focus on the complex role that artifacts play in children's emerging goals. The second part focuses on children's developing mathematics that takes form in their goal-directed activities: (a) Microgenetic analyses concern the process whereby children structure cultural forms like artifacts to serve particular functions as they accomplish emerging mathematical goals; (b) sociogenetic analyses concern the spread or travel of mathematical forms and associated functions within a community of individuals; and (c) ontogenetic analyses concern the interplay between the forms that children use and the functions that they serve over the course of children's development. The analyses of the classroom episodes points to the promise (and limitations) of the framework as a method for furthering our understanding of the interplay between social and developmental processes in children's mathematics.
[De]Politicizing the Pandemic: Visually Communicating Digital Public Sociology

In the context of the COVID-19 “infodemic,” we explore discourse around a highly polarized health issue: mask wearing during the pandemic. Probing ideologically charged discourse from #masks on Twitter, we examine the potential for visual tools to promote digital citizen social science. Our case study reveals the promise of visualization to make ideological discourse on social media more easily identifiable by members of the general public. This leads us to argue that accessible visualization tools are needed for the public to ethically engage as digital citizen social scientists who actively analyze their own media consumption and outputs. Doing so would potentially awaken the sociological imagination by giving digital prosumers the agency to contextualize the social structure of debate around issues of public concern. In this way, visualizations of social media may ignite the sociological imagination in the tradition of digital public sociology.
Design of a torsional compliant mechanism with given discrete torque-deflection points for nonlinear stiffness elastic actuator

Abstract Owing to inherent flexibility, compliant actuator with physical elastic elements can implement compliant interactions between robot and environment. Nonlinear stiffness elastic actuators (NSEAs) use one motor to adjust position and stiffness, which improve compactness of variable stiffness actuators, and consider high torque/force resolution and high bandwidth. The primary challenge of designing a NSEA is designing a reliable compliant mechanism with a given torque-deflection profile. In this study, a general design method of torsional compliant mechanism through given discrete torque-deflection points was proposed, where a chain algorithm based on 2R pseudo-rigid-body model was used to describe the large deformation in elastic elements. Moreover, the theoretical model of stiffness of a compliant mechanism based on series flexible beams was developed. Based on the proposed model, the dimensional parameters of proposed compliant mechanism were designed satisfying the condition of the given torque-deflection points. Finally, simulation and physical experiment of the designed compliant mechanism through three given torque-deflection points are conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. The designed compliant mechanism was tested and evaluated in the self-developed NSEA.
A kernel method for modelling interval censored competing risks : theory and methods

Self-consistent algorithms for modelling the cause-specific cumulative incidence functions in an interval censored, competing risks context were proposed by Hudgens et al. (2001) and Adamic (2006). One of the drawbacks of these methods was that convergence was only achieved over a small class of points, called cause-specific innermost intervals. Braun et al. (2005) proposed a self-consistent kernel modification to Turnbull's univariate algorithm as a way to fill in the gaps between the resulting innermost intervals. We generalize this approach to the plateau of interval censored and masked competing risks. The new approach is illustrated by applying the method to a human trypanosomiasis data set.