Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moscow in the 1990s: Market Reform and the Central City

The built environmental reflects in tangible ways the values of the societies of which it is a part. Soviet cities developed in accordance with the precepts of socialism for more than half a century, and nowhere were the consequences more palpable than in the central city. The present paper examines changes in urban development and management now under way in Moscow as a consequence of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the advent of fundamental economic and political restructuring. More specifically it explores the impact of the new political economy on central Moscow's employment structure, housing stock, and land use, and assesses the attitudes of business representatives and residents to these changes. 5 figures, 2 tables, 25 references.
Path exploration based on symbolic output

Efficient program path exploration is important for many software engineering activities such as testing, debugging, and verification. However, enumerating all paths of a program is prohibitively expensive. In this article, we develop a partitioning of program paths based on the program output. Two program paths are placed in the same partition if they derive the output similarly, that is, the symbolic expression connecting the output with the inputs is the same in both paths. Our grouping of paths is gradually created by a smart path exploration. Our experiments show the benefits of the proposed path exploration in test-suite construction. Our path partitioning produces a semantic signature of a program—describing all the different symbolic expressions that the output can assume along different program paths. To reason about changes between program versions, we can therefore analyze their semantic signatures. In particular, we demonstrate the applications of our path partitioning in testing and debugging of software regressions.
The role of the serotonergic system in suicidal behavior

Serotonin is a widely investigated neurotransmitter in several psychopathologies, including suicidal behavior (SB); however, its role extends to several physiological functions involving the nervous system, as well as the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. This review summarizes recent research into ten serotonergic genes related to SB. These genes – TPH1, TPH2, SLC6A4, SLC18A2, HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, DDC, MAOA, and MAOB – encode proteins that are vital to serotonergic function: tryptophan hydroxylase; the serotonin transporter 5-HTT; the vesicular transporter VMAT2; the HTR1A, HTR1B, and HTR2A receptors; the L-amino acid decarboxylase; and the monoamine oxidases. This review employed a systematic search strategy and a narrative research methodology to disseminate the current literature investigating the link between SB and serotonin.
Generalization and Parameter Estimation in Feedforward Netws: Some Experiments

We have done an empirical study of the relation of the number of parameters (weights) in a feedforward net to generalization performance. Two experiments are reported. In one, we use simulated data sets with well-controlled parameters, such as the signal-to-noise ratio of continuous-valued data. In the second, we train the network on vector-quantized mel cepstra from real speech samples. In each case, we use back-propagation to train the feedforward net to discriminate in a multiple class pattern classification problem. We report the results of these studies, and show the application of cross-validation techniques to prevent overfitting.
A hybrid time-frequency domain articulatory speech synthesizer

High quality speech at low bit rates (e.g., 2400 bits/s) is one of the important objectives of current speech research. As part of long range activity on this problem, we have developed an efficient computer program that will serve as a tool for investigating whether articulatory speech synthesis may achieve this low bit rate. At a sampling frequency of 8 kHz, the most comprehensive version of the program, including nasality and frication, runs at about twice real time on a Cray-1 computer.
Capturing benefits from the removal of impediments to water trade: a modelling framework

The model developed in this paper provides an integrated framework in which both the impact of impediments to water trade and the salinity impacts of trade can be assessed for the southern Murray Darling Basin. The initial application of the model to major irrigation areas within river valleys will provide an indication of the broad scale annualised costs to irrigators of existing restrictions on inter valley, inter state and to some extent, intra valley, water trade.
Nitrogen and Carbon Isotopic Systematics of the Florida Reef Tract

The nitrogen isotopic composition of a variety of organisms in coral reefs has been used extensively, not only to study nitrogen dynamics, but also as a tracer for the input of anthropogenic nitrogen. However, the interplay between isotopic fractionation associated with the internal nitrogen cycling and variations in the absolute values supplied by external source signatures is poorly understood. Here we report the (delta)15N and(delta)13C of algae, sponges, and fishes, the (delta)15N and (delta)18O of dissolved NO3-, and the (delta)15N of dissolved organic nitrogen in samples collected from the Florida reef tract over a 2.5-yr period (2003-2005). Our data are synthesized with results from previous studies of the (delta)15N of particulate organic material and coral tissue and zooxanthellae from the same area to provide a more detailed understanding of factors controlling coral reef ? 15N and variation among biogenic components. These data show that during the study period there were (1) no clear spatial patterns in the (delta)15N of biogenic components related to proximity to the Florida Reef tract, and (2) no temporal patterns related to the wet or dry seasons. The range of (delta)15N and (delta)13C in the particulate organic material could be best explained as a mixture of material derived from seagrass, algae, mangroves, and fishes. The (delta)15N and (delta)18O of NO3- support a model in which variations in nitrogen isotopic composition are derived mainly from the isotopic effects associated with the nitrification of NH4+ to NO3- and subsequent assimilation by primary producers rather than through the input of isotopically distinct NO3- from external sources.
On Bid Selection Heuristics for Real-Time Auctioning for Wide-Area Network Resource Management *

The rapid advancements in computer and networking technologies coupled with the emergence of new classes of applications with significantly increased resource requirements tend to rapidly depreciate the value of state-of-the-art computer and networking equipments. Therefore, it has become increasingly important to maximize the utilization of the resources so that users can recoup their investment. This paper describes the design of an auction system that can be used for trading computational resources in a wide-area network. More specifically this paper proposes and analyzes several heuristics that can be used to select the “winning” bids in such an auction system.
A Quantitative Genomic Approach for Analysis of Fitness and Stress Related Traits in a Drosophila melanogaster Model Population

The ability of natural populations to withstand environmental stresses relies partly on their adaptive ability. In this study, we used a subset of the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel, a population of inbred, genome-sequenced lines derived from a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster, to investigate whether this population harbors genetic variation for a set of stress resistance and life history traits. Using a genomic approach, we found substantial genetic variation for metabolic rate, heat stress resistance, expression of a major heat shock protein, and egg-to-adult viability investigated at a benign and a higher stressful temperature. This suggests that these traits will be able to evolve. In addition, we outline an approach to conduct pathway associations based on genomic linear models, which has potential to identify adaptive genes and pathways, and therefore can be a valuable tool in conservation genomics.
Application of Sensor Component in Wireless Network ’ s for Signal Processing with Geographical Information

Sensor are the electronic component deployed at the specific area ,for collecting the information about that area. That information consist of geographical information, weather ,information, Temperature ,earth situation & material information present inside the earth . various work is carried for the application Of sensor nodes in all these area for gathering the information. In this paper dealing with geographical sensing of sensors nodes & overcome's the transmition delay making the transmition of data much more reliable & quickly transmit. In this paper we are comparing the existing method used for energy consumption[1]. 1.INTRODUCTION Remote Sensing:-Remote Sensing is the science and art of acquiring information (spectral, spatial, temporal) about material objects, area, or phenomenon, without coming into physical contact with the objects, or area, or phenomenon under investigation. Without direct contact, some means of transferring information through space must be utilized. In remote sensing, information transfer is accomplished by use of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). [2][3] EMR is a form of energy that reveals its presence by the observable effects it produces when it strikes the matter. EMR is considered to span the spectrum of wavelengths from 10-10 mm to cosmic rays up to 1010 mm, the broadcast wavelengths, which extend from0.30-15mm. Type In respect to the type of Energy Resources: Passive Remote Sensing: Makes use of sensors that detect the reflected or emitted electromagnetic radiation from natural, sources. Active remote Sensing: Makes use of sensors that detect reflected responses from objects that are irradiated from artificially-generated energy sources, such as radar. 1.In respect to Wavelength Regions: Remote Sensing is classified into three type sin respect to the wavelength regions 1. Bands Used in Remote Sensing Emission of EMR (ElectroMagnetic Radiation) from gases is due to atoms and molecules in the gas. Atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons, which have discrete energy states[5]. Transition of electrons from one energy state to the other leads to emission of radiation at discrete wavelengths. The resulting spectrum is called line spectrum. Molecules possess rotational and vibrational energy states. Transition between which leads to emission of radiation in a band spectrum. The wavelengths, which are emitted by atoms/molecules, are also the ones, which are absorbed by them. Emission from solids and liquids occurs when they are heated and results in a continuous spectrum. This is called thermal emission and it is an important source of EMR from the viewpoint of remote sensing. …
A DTN Routing Protocol Based on Mobility and Maximum Number of Replications

Spray and Wait protocol, which is a typical routing protocol in Delay/Disruption/Disconnection Tolerant Network (DTN), sets a maximum number of replications per message for restricting a number of replications. However, it is difficult to set a maximum number of appropriate replications in advance. Moreover, there is possibility to replicate to nodes that do not contribute to the data arrival, because appropriate replicated nodes are not selected. In this paper, we propose a routing method to dynamically set the maximum number of appropriate replications depending on network states and to select appropriate relay nodes. We verified by simulation that the proposed method has high packet delivery ratio compared with conventional methods.
Mobile Query Recommendation via Tensor Function Learning

With the prevalence of mobile search nowadays, the benefits of mobile query recommendation are well recognized, which provide formulated queries sticking to users' search intent. In this paper, we introduce the problem of query recommendation on mobile devices and model the user-location-query relations with a tensor representation. Unlike previous studies based on tensor decomposition, we study this problem via tensor function learning. That is, we learn the tensor function from the side information of users, locations and queries, and then predict users' search intent. We develop an efficient alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) scheme to solve the introduced problem. We empirically evaluate our approach based on the mobile query dataset from Bing search engine in the city of Beijing, China, and show that our method can outperform several state-of-the-art approaches.
OCL2MSFOL: a mapping to many-sorted first-order logic for efficiently checking the satisfiability of OCL constraints

In this paper we propose a mapping from OCL to many-sorted first-order logic, called OCL2MSFOL. This new mapping significantly improves our previous results in two key aspects. First, it accepts as input a larger subset of the UML/OCL language; in particular, it supports UML generalization, along with generalization-related OCL operators. Secondly, it generates as output a class of satisfiability problems that can be efficiently handled by SMT solvers with finite model finding capabilities. We report on a non-trivial case study and draw comparisons with related tools.
Liquidity Provision and Cross Arbitrage in Continuous Double-Auction Prediction Markets

Continuous double-auction prediction markets often exhibit low transaction volume due to substantial bid-ask spreads. This paper explores a novel method of providing artificial liquidity in continuous double-auction prediction markets by introducing an automated market maker that engages in zero-profit cross-arbitrage in multi-contract markets. Empirical analysis of observed bid-ask spreads, liquidity, offer acceptance, and order sizes in the 2008 UBC Election Stock Market provides additional new insights into the micro-structure of prediction markets.
TO GUARANTEED COST CONTROL FOR UNCERTAIN NEUTRAL LARGE-SCALE INTERCONNECTED SYSTEMS

This note investigates the problem of decentralized guaranteed cost control for uncertain neutral large-scale interconnected systems. A novel scheme, viewing the interconnections with time-varying delays as effective information but not disturbances, is developed. Based on this scheme, a descriptor system approach is introduced to derive the robust stabilization criterion of uncertain neutral large-scale interconnected systems and an efficient optimization approach is proposed to minimize the guaranteed cost. An example is given to illustrate the design method of controller and show the advantages of the present results over the existing results.
Triple Burden of Obesity, Undernutrition, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Indian Tribes

Background Socio-cultural transitions among individuals from vulnerable groups introduce epidemiological transition, with a concomitant increase in the prevalence of undernutrition, obesity, and cardiovascular disease risks. An accepted conventional wisdom exists for Indian tribes that they are undernourished and away from lifestyle-related diseases. However, the extent of this triple burden affecting them is unknown. In this study, we assessed this triple burden among the 9 major tribes of India. Methods and Findings During January 2011 to December 2013, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 1066 men and 1090 women constituting a total of 2156 adults belonging to the 9 major tribal groups: Santals, Oraons, and Koras (West Bengal); Santals, Bhumijs, and Bathudis (Odisha); and Dhodias, Kuknas, and Chaudharis (Gujarat) to estimate the prevalence of the triple burden (undernutrition, overweight or obesity, and hypertension). A high prevalence of undernutrition and hypertension was observed among the Koras (51.9%and 10.6%, respectively), Bathudis (51.3% and 12.1%, respectively), and Oraons (49.6% and 16.5%, respectively). However, the prevalence of overweight and hypertension among the Bhumijs (17.7% and 14.7%, respectively), Dhodias (23.8% and 12.9%, respectively), Kuknas (15.8% and 11.3%, respectively), and Santals of West Bengal (12.2% and 11.8%, respectively) and Odisha (15% and 9.6%, respectively) was most alarming. The prevalence of overweight or obesity among the women was 10.9% and 1.5%, respectively, with 14.0% hypertensive women. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the men was 14.8% and 1.7%, respectively, with 9.2% hypertensive men. Undernutrition was highly prevalent among men and women. However, data from the past 30 years on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and body mass index (BMI) revealed that the studied tribes were at a higher risk than the general Indian population. In addition, a vast gender disparity with relation to the disease and risk prevalence was observed. Conclusion The alarming trend of an increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity, undernutrition, and hypertension is observed among indigenous populations of India, emphasizing the incorporation of a specific health management policy.
Growth and Convergence, 1950-2003: What Can We Learn from the Solow Model?

This paper shows that the Solow model’s predictions are consistent with the data. The standard of living is correlated positively with saving rates and negatively with population growth rates, while just these two variables explain jointly 67% to 73% of the sample’s cross-country variation. The empirical findings clearly reject absolute convergence in income per capita but are very strongly supportive of conditional convergence at an estimated average annual rate of 0.8% to 1.2% a year. It is also shown that the speed of convergence is far from constant over time: it has been mostly increasing during 1960-1990, but it has been falling since the early 1990s.
Students as consumers?: An institutional field-level analysis of the construction of performance measurement practices

Purpose – To examine the political and institutional processes surrounding the construction of consumer‐orientated performance measurement (PM) practices in the Swedish university sector.Design/methodology/approach – A longitudinal case study in the Swedish university sector drawing on neo‐institutional sociology (NIS) and adopting an organisational field‐level perspective.Findings – Particular attention is paid to the political interplay between different actors competing to dominate the representation of student interests in this organisational field, the strategic discourses invoked to legitimise their actions and the unfolding (re‐)construction of PM practices, but also how this interplay is conditioned by institutionalised structures and existing power relationships. The findings suggest that the relative inertia in developing more consumer‐orientated PM is due in large part to the difficulties for an emerging challenger in constructing a legitimate power base enabling it to fully exploit institution.
Dopaminergic function and dopamine transporter binding assessed with positron emission tomography in Parkinson disease.

BACKGROUND Measuring progression of Parkinson disease (PD) using positron emission tomography may help demonstrate the efficacy of neuroprotective treatments. To date, (18)F-dopa has been the gold standard to measure presynaptic dopaminergic function in PD, but this tracer might overestimate the rate of neuronal death in PD because its uptake also depends on dopamine turnover rather than exclusively on the density of dopaminergic terminals in the striatum. The latter might be assessed using newly developed ligands of the membrane dopamine transporter. OBJECTIVE To compare the striatal uptakes of (18)F-dopa and (76)Br-FE-CBT, a dopamine transporter ligand, in patients with PD. PATIENTS AND METHODS The striatal uptakes of (76)Br-FE-CBT and (18)F-dopa were compared using positron emission tomography in 10 patients with early PD and 8 with advanced PD. Correlation of uptakes with motor performance was investigated. RESULTS The reduction in (76)Br-FE-CBT binding to 43% of control values was more severe than the reduction in (18)F-dopa uptake (63% of control values) in the putamen of patients with early PD. No significant difference was found between either tracer's uptake in the putamen of patients with advanced PD. Motor performance was highly correlated to (18)F-dopa uptake, whereas correlation to (76)Br-FE-CBT binding was weak. CONCLUSIONS Uptake of (18)F-dopa may be up-regulated in early PD, suggesting a compensatory increase of dopamine synthesis in surviving dopaminergic terminals. Positron emission tomography dopamine transporter ligands and (18)F-dopa give complementary information on the presynaptic status of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system and might be associated to investigate the efficacy of neuroprotective treatments in PD.
A study on iris textural correlation using steering kernels

Research on iris recognition have observed that iris texture has inherent radial correlation. However, currently, there lacks a deeper insight into iris textural correlation. Few research focus on a quantitative and comprehensive analysis on this correlation. In this paper, we perform a quantitative analysis on iris textural correlation. We employ steering kernels to model the textural correlation in images. We conduct experiments on three benchmark datasets covering iris captures with varying quality. We find that the local textural correlation varies due to local characteristics in iris images, while the general trend of textural correlation goes along the radial direction. Moreover, we demonstrate that the information on iris textural correlation can be utilized to improve iris recognition. We employ this information to produce iris codes. We show that the iris code with the information on textural correlation achieves an improved performance compared to traditional iris codes.
Macroeconomic Modelling of a Firm´s Default

Enormous development of firm valuation from many aspects can be seen in the recent period. One of the main fields is scoring, which provides a probability verdict about the future development of a firm: its probability of default. This article focuses on introducing macroeconomic modelling using VEC models to predict the future level of default in the Czech economy. Our results have proven a general connection between corporate defaults and the macroeconomic condition of the economy, which is going through a convergence process. The specifi c findings are new and have not been observed yet. A connection between the GDP and defaults revealed a positive relationship, which is probably a consequence of the convergence process, a development of the economy in many new fields. We have also found a long-term equilibrium among unemployment, loans, price of oil and defaults. We have revealed a higher level of defaults can be expected in 2013, which is connected with the economic contraction in the prediction period.
Design of a two-wheeled self-balance personal transportation robot

Two-wheeled self-balance personal transportation robot has got a lot of attentions widely in the market because of its advantages which include small footprint, flexible mobility, zero-radius turn and simple driving mode and so on. The driving system is used to drive two DC gear motors which are used to control motion of two-wheeled self-balance robot. We use the H-bridge motor driver circuit which makes the movement of the motor. This paper describes the mechanical design and electrical design, its characteristics and balance control strategy.
Study of the Millimeter Microstrip Monopulse Antenna Array in the Dual-Sensor System

The integrated design method of the millimeter-wave (Ka band) microstrip monopulse antenna array and infrared dual-sensor system is presented in this paper. The performance and structure of the sensor are optimized. Meanwhile, the simulated and measured results of the circular planar antenna with a IR aperture are also demonstrated, meanwhile the result improves that the infrared sensor also has effect upon the antenna array.