Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sustaining the natural environment : empirical studies on the interface between nature and organizations

A breath of fresh air - introduction to the volume, Denis Collins research on organizations and the natural environment - some paths we have travelled, the "field ahead", Mark Starik an empirical investigation of sustainability strategy implementation in industrial organizations, W. Edward Stead and Jean Garner Stead the determinants of firms that formulate environmental plans, Irene Henriques and Perry Sadorsky leading-edge environment management - motivation, opportunity, resources and processes, Anne T. Lawrence and David Morell corporate leadership and policies for the natural environment, Monika I. Winn clash or cooperation? understanding environmental organizations and their relationship to business, Judith A. Clair et al conflict and collaboration - the interfaces between environmental organizations and business firms, Marie-France Turcotte changing and converging mindsets of participants during collaborative environmental rule making - two negotiated regulation case studies, Ann E. Feyerherm managing complex common property resources - implications of recent institutional reforms in New Zealand, John W. Selsky and P.A. Memon sustainable development in practice - the management of Yellowstone Lake for fishing and ecosystem protection, Robert L. Swinth and Bruce C. Raymond the performance of environmental mutual funds in the United States and Germany - is there economic hope for "green investors"? , Mark A. White conservation strategies, firm performance and corporate reputations in the US electric utility industry, Daniel W. Greening the complexity of fresh air - summary of findings and recommendations, Denis Collins.
Systematic lidar observations of Saharan dust over Europe in the frame of EARLINET (2000-2002)

[1] More than 130 observation days of the horizontal and vertical extent of Saharan dust intrusions over Europe during the period May 2000 to December 2002 were studied by means of a coordinated lidar network in the frame of the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET). The number of dust events was greatest in late spring, summer, and early autumn periods, mainly in southern (S) and southeastern (SE) Europe. Multiple aerosol dust layers of variable thickness (300–7500 m) were observed. The center of mass of these layers was located in altitudes between 850 and 8000 m. However, the mean thickness of the dust layer typically stayed around 1500–3400 m and the corresponding mean center of mass ranged from 2500 to 6000 m. In exceptional cases, dust aerosols reached northwestern (NW), northern (N), or northeastern (NE) Europe, penetrating the geographical area located between 4°W–28°E (longitude) and 38°N–58°N (latitude). Mean aerosol optical depths (AOD), extinction-to-backscatter ratios (lidar ratios, LR), and linear depolarization ratios of desert aerosols ranged from 0.1 to 0.25 at the wavelength of 355 or 351 nm, 30 to 80 sr at 355 or 351 nm, and 10 to 25% at 532 nm, respectively, within the lofted dust plumes. In these plumes typical Saharan dust backscatter coefficients ranged from 0.5 to 2 Mm−1sr−1. Southern European stations presented higher variability of the LR values and the backscatter-related Angstrom exponent values (BRAE) (LR: 20–100 sr; BRAE: −0.5 to 3) than northern ones (LR: 30–80 sr; BRAE: −0.5 to 1).
DGSchedSim: a trace-driven simulator to evaluate scheduling algorithms for desktop grid environments

This paper describes DGSchedSim, a trace driven simulator to evaluate scheduling algorithms focused on minimising turnaround time of applications executed in heterogeneous desktop grid systems. The simulator can be used to model task farming applications comprised of a set of independent and equal sized tasks similarly to numerous @Home public computing projects like the popular SETI@Home. DGSchedSim permits to assess scheduling policies under several scenarios allowing to control parameters such as the application's requirements (number of tasks, individual requirements of tasks like needed CPU time), the properties of the environment (machines computing capabilities and availabilities) and the characteristics of the execution (frequency and storage location of checkpoints, etc.). The simulations are driven by traces collected from real desktop grid systems. Besides DGSchedSim, the paper presents the Cluster Ideal Execution Time (CIET) algorithm that computes the ideal wall-clock time required by a fully dedicated and totally reliable cluster of M heterogeneous machines to process the T tasks of an application. As a test to the simulator capabilities, the paper analyses the suitability of two scheduling algorithms, FCFS and MinMax, for delivering fast turnaround time in desktop grids. Both algorithms, when combined with a centrally stored checkpoint policy, achieve efficiency close to 50% of CIET for certain scenarios.
On the negative social value of central banks' knowledge transparency

Abstract. We examine to what extent central banks should release their internal assessments concerning the links between money growth and future inflation, and between employment and inflation. We show that the social value of knowledge transparency concerning real shocks is negative since the disclosure of the central bank's private information eliminates the possibility of insuring the public against those shocks. Finally, we discuss a number of further arguments which have to be taken into account before policy conclusions can be drawn.
Photometric Study of Kepler Asteroseismic Targets

Reported are UBV and uvbybeta observations of 15 candidates for Kepler primary astero- seismic targets and 14 other stars in the Kepler field, carried out at the M.G. Fracastoro station of the Catania Astrophysical Observatory. These data serve to plot the 29 stars in two-parameter diagrams with the photometric indices (such as B-V or delta m1 and the atmospheric parameters (such as the MK type or [Fe/H]) as coordinates. The two-parameter diagrams show no evidence of interstellar reddening. The photometric indices B-V and beta are then used to derive photometric effective temperatures, Teff(B-V) and Teff(beta). For Teff(B-V) > 6400 K, the photometric effective temperatures turn out to be systematically higher than spectroscopic effective temperatures by 311 +/- 34 K and 346 +/- 91 K for Teff(B-V) and Teff(beta), respectively. For T_eff(B-V) < 6250 K, the agreement between Teff(B-V) and the spectroscopic effective temperatures is very good. The photometric surface gravities, derived from c_1 and beta, show a range of about a factor of two greater than their spectroscopic counterparts do.
Gates and Oscillators: A Network Model of the Brain Clock

The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) control circadian oscillations of physiology and behavior. Measurements of electrical activity and of gene expression indicate that these heterogeneous structures are composed of both rhythmic and nonrhythmic cells. A fundamental question with regard to the organization of the circadian system is how the SCN achieve a coherent output while their constituent independent cellular oscillators express a wide range of periods. Previously, the consensus output of individual oscillators had been attributed to coupling among cells. The authors propose a model that incorporates nonrhythmic “gate” cells and rhythmic oscillator cells with a wide range of periods, that neither requires nor excludes a role for interoscillator coupling. The gate provides daily input to oscillator cells and is in turn regulated (directly or indirectly) by the oscillator cells. In the authors' model, individual oscillators with initial random phases are able to self-assemble so as to maintain cohesive rhythmic output. In this view, SCN circuits are important for self-sustained oscillation, and their network properties distinguish these nuclei from other tissues that rhythmically express clock genes. The model explains how individual SCN cells oscillate independently and yet work together to produce a coherent rhythm.
Pathogen Inactivation

Abstract Remarkable improvements have been made in blood safety since the onset of the HIV epidemic. However, the current paradigm does not prevent all transfusion-transmitted infections and is reactive to new agents, thus accepting that some patients may be harmed before preventive measures are introduced. Several methods are now available that selectively damage DNA and RNA, thus inactivating pathogens contaminating blood components while not damaging the cells or plasma proteins of the blood component. Clinical trials have been completed and pathogen-inactivated platelets and plasma are widely used in Europe. A recent consensus conference recommended implementation of pathogen inactivation when a feasible and safe method is available that inactivates a broad spectrum of pathogens. The shortcomings of our present paradigm for preventing transfusion-transmitted diseases are described, along with a summary of the status of pathogen inactivation.
A Hybrid Real-time Fault-tolerant Scheduling Algorithm for Partial Reconfigurable System

Partial reconfigurable system is an architecture consisting general purpose processors and FPGAs, in which FPGA can be reconfigured in run-time. Based on the architecture, software tasks and hardware tasks that are executed on processor and FPGA respectively co-exist. In this paper, a real-time fault-tolerant scheduling algorithm is proposed to schedule software/hardware hybrid tasks. In the algorithm, the sufficient condition for schedulable hybrid tasks is derived from analyzing system operation conditions when the first deadline is missed, and rollback/recovery and TMR approaches are used respectively to schedule software subtasks and hardware subtasks for fault tolerance. The experimental results demonstrate that all deadlines of accepted hybrid tasks are met and processor’s utilization ratio is increased greatly compared with that of the exiting approaches when multiple faults occur.
Recipes for ULX formation: necessary ingredients and garnishments

Abstract We summarize the main observational features that seem to recur more frequently in the ULX population. We speculate that low metal abundance, and clustered star formation triggered by molecular cloud collisions are two fundamental physical requirements for ULX formation. In this scenario, most ULXs are formed from recent stellar processes, have black hole (BH) masses <100 M⊙, and do not require merger processes in super-star-clusters.
Current concepts of shoulder arthroplasty for radiologists: Part 1--Epidemiology, history, preoperative imaging, and hemiarthroplasty.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to provide a review of indications for shoulder arthroplasty, describe preoperative imaging assessment, present new and modified designs of shoulder arthroplasty, illustrate normal and abnormal postoperative imaging findings, and review key radiographic measurements. CONCLUSION Knowledge of the physiologic purpose, orthopedic trends, imaging findings, and complications is important in assessing shoulder prostheses.
Knowledge Sharing, Absortive Capacity And Organizational Performance

Knowledge is currently considered a major organizational asset as it enables the achievement of competitive advantage. Sharing knowledge can help an organization achieve better organizational performance through the implementation of new ideas, processes, products and/or services. This paper studies the relationship between knowledge sharing, composed of two processes (donation and collection ) and two dimensions (intra and inter) organizational performance. Absorptive capacity is seen as moderating this relationship, due to its influence on the identification and use of relevant knowledge within the organization. The aim of this paper is to propose a research model that links knowledge sharing, absorptive capacity and organizational performance.
Simple Structure High Selectivity Dual-Band Filtering Antenna

This paper presents a simple structure of dual-band filtering antenna for wireless application. The antenna is treated as radiating resonator. The filter of synthesis theory is applied to the design of the dual band filtering antenna. The theory can help us the guidance of processing design. The proposed dual band filtering antenna has simple structure and display excellent performance. The dual band filtering antenna presents characteristic of three order filter with high selectivity of pass-band and strong suppression of stop-band. The measured results show approximately agreement with the simulations.
All-Frequency Direct Illumination with Vectorized Visibility

Many existing pre-computed radiance transfer (PRT) approaches for all-frequency lighting store the information of a 3D object in the pre-vertex manner. To preserve the fidelity of high frequency effects, the 3D object must be tessellated densely. Otherwise, rendering artifacts due to interpolation may appear. This paper presents an all-frequency lighting algorithm for direct illumination based on a new visibility representation which approximates a visibility function using a sequence of 3D vectors. The algorithm is able to construct the visibility function of an on-screen pixel on-the-fly. Hence even though the 3D object is not tessellated densely, the rendering artifacts can be suppressed greatly. Besides, a summed area table based rendering algorithm, which is able to handle the integration over a non-axis aligned polygon, is developed. Using our approach, we can rotate lighting environment, change view point, and adjust the shininess of the 3D object in a real-time manner. Experimental results show that our approach can render plausible all-frequency lighting effects for direct illumination in real-time, especially for specular shadows, which are difficult for other methods to obtain.
Integrated Conditional Random Fields with the Layered Approach for Intrusion Detection

Both Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) and Layered Approach have some things in common. They can be used for solving two issues of Accuracy and Efficiency. They solely do have certain disadvantages and advantages which almost completely disappear by combining both concepts. Intrusion detection (ID) is a type of security management system for computers and networks. An ID system gathers and analyzes information from various areas within a computer or a network to identify possible security breaches, which include both intrusions (attacks from outside the organization) and misuse (attacks from within the organization). The CRFs can effectively model such relationships among different features of an observation resulting in higher attack detection accuracy. Another advantage of using CRFs is that every element in the sequence is labelled such that the probability of the entire labelling is maximized, i.e., all the features in the observation collectively determine the final labels. Hence, even if some data is missing, the observation sequence can still be labelled with less number of features. A layered model is to reduce computation and the overall time required to detect anomalous events. The time required to detect an intrusive event is significant and can be reduced by eliminating the communication overhead among different layers. To improve the speed of operation of the system. Hence, we implement the LIDS and select a small set of features for every layer rather than using all the 41 features. This results in significant performance improvement during both the training and the testing of the system. This project presents high attack detection accuracy can be achieved by using CRFs and high efficiency by implementing the Layered Approach. Finally, we show that our system is robust and is able to handle noisy data without compromising performance
Dynamic expression of the basic helix‐loop‐helix transcription factor neuroD in the rod and cone photoreceptor lineages in the retina of the embryonic and larval zebrafish

NeuroD is a basic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factor critical for determining neuronal cell fate and regulating withdrawal from the cell cycle. We showed previously that, in goldfish, neuroD is expressed in the rod photoreceptor lineage, and we inferred that neuroD is also expressed in a subset of amacrine cells and nascent cone photoreceptors. Here we extended that study by examining the temporal and spatial expression pattern of neuroD in the embryonic and larval zebrafish and by identifying the cell types that express this gene. NeuroD expression in the developing zebrafish retina is dynamic, spanning early retinogenesis and the maturation of cone photoreceptors. In early retinogenesis neuroD expression expands from a small patch in the ventronasal retina, through the remaining retinal neuroepithelium. As retinogenesis progresses, neuroD expression becomes restricted to amacrine cells, immature cones, and cells of rod and cone lineages. This expression achieves an adult pattern by 96 hours postfertilization (hpf), whereupon the temporal pattern of neuroD expression in central retina is spatially recapitulated at the germinative margin. The cellular pattern of expression suggests that neuroD regulates aspects of rod and cone genesis, but through separate cellular lineages. Furthermore, neuroD is coexpressed with the cone‐rod‐homeobox transcription factor (Crx) in putative cone progenitors and nascent cone photoreceptors, suggesting that, in the zebrafish retina, as in other vertebrate retinas, similar genetic cascades regulate photoreceptor genesis and maturation. J. Comp. Neurol. 501:1–12, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of Wavelet Transform and Fourier Transform based methods of Phasor Estimation for Numerical Relaying

Estimation of fundamental frequency component of current and/or voltage signals is essential for relaying decision in most of the numerical algorithms used for the protection of power system components. Modern numerical relays generally use discrete Fourier transform for extracting the fundamental component from the post fault signals consisting of fundamental as well as non-fundamental frequency signals. With the advent of wavelet analysis, many researchers used wavelet analysis for the phasor estimation with the claims of better performance. The paper compares the performance of discrete wavelet transform method with discrete Fourier transform method for phasor estimation, considering the effect of decaying dc offset. MATLAB software was used for programming and simulation.
Memex at 60: Internet or iPod?: Research Articles

It has been 61 years since the 1945 Memex article, and so much has changed since then that we might well wonder whether the article is still worth looking at. It certainly inspired some of the leading figures in information technology, but now it seems to be cited either for things it did not really say, or because everything it proposed has been pretty much accomplished, albeit with alternate technology. If we take another look at the Memex description, though, there are a few key ideas that can still be goals in terms of an easy-to-use personal collection that is a supplement to one's own memory. Perhaps in today's terms, the device would be a combination of the iPod design and a tablet computer. As such, it could function as a handy information pod, with certain Memex features, serving as an extended personal memory. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Impact of Dust on On-chip Temperature And Performance of Microprocessors

Temperature is a dominant factor in the performance, reliability, and leakage power consumption of modern microprocessors. With the advance of technology, thermal problems in microprocessor design get more crucial due to power density of microprocessors. As a result, more researchers have investigated thermal-aware techniques considering many factors such as ambient temperature 1
Avoiding energy holes in wireless sensor networks with non-uniform energy distribution

This paper proposes a non-uniform solution to the energy hole problem. The network is formed by a large number of tiny sensors, randomly scattered over a circular area and the sink positioned at the center. The sensors produce data with the same rate and the data travels from the nodes to the sink in a multi-hop fashion, using a shortest path routing. The basic idea, in order to avoid the energy hole around the sink, is to equip each network area with so much energy as the traffic load of that area. Firstly, a pure analytical expression for the traffic load is derived and then, based on this expression, a non-uniform deployment is proposed, with variable surface density, for a certain number of dormant nodes. Each time an active node exhaust its battery, a near dormant node becomes active and takes its place. The proposed strategy improves the network lifetime by a factor of 50 and the energy utilization by a factor of 6, compared to a conventional network without dormant nodes.
On Grounding Symbols for Robots

The failure of classical AI in delivering intelligent robots has forced many researchers to address the Symbol Grounding Problem (SGP) seriously. In this paper we present a methodology to solve this problem by facilitating a human instructor to interact with a robot using a Microsoft Kinect™ sensor so as to ground symbols. The instructor exhibits the physical objects or actions and also provides the corresponding symbols using speech to a robot which in turn uses and elaborates its own semantics for the symbol autonomously and grounds the same within. Grounding is achieved by toiling on sensory information while symbol theft enables the grounding of meta-level symbols or aliases. Apart from the description of the inherent grounding mechanism, the paper also discusses the results obtained from actual experiments that eventually make the robot identify and point to the concerned physical objects or perform the actions.
SoDIS SEPIA – Collaborative Partnerships in Software Engineering

The Centre for Information Technology Research (CITRUS) launched in 2002 had the goal of encouraging collaborative research that is industry and community linked, at regional and national levels within the NACCQ sector. The research programme into Software Development Impact Statements being conducted by the Software Engineering Practice Improvement Alliance, (SoDIS