Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Du Boisian Approach: How Does Double Consciousness Manifest in the Experiences of Black Males in an Urban Teacher Preparation Program

The Black experience is complex; often portrayed as a double consciousness or a tension between two warring ideas that penetrate the soul. Such duplicity can leave Black people perplexed regarding how to navigate in a White world with one dark body. This study explored the experiences of Black males in an urban teacher preparation program as they negotiated their double consciousness in order to understand how race and gender impact teaching and learning in urban schools. Four case studies were conducted representing self-identified Black male graduates who were part of a cohort of pre-service teachers. Data generated from coursework were used as a heuristic for introspective analysis by each participant and complemented by semistructured interviews. The study illustrates the complex factors for Black males developing as culturally relevant responsive teachers and provides voice to the challenges Black males face while navigating in a capitalistic system that has historically denied equitable access. The research found that prior experiences with double consciousness perpetuate Black males’ oppression and forces them to see their perceived selves through their White counterparts’ and supervisors’ eyes. Double consciousness has a twoness that causes distrustfulness of those that are perceived to be oppressive while also inspires individuals to ‘be the best’. Cohort communities are a great way to facilitate a community of learners but if not managed carefully can lead to racial and ethnic separation. After graduating from the teacher preparation program, the Black males did not remain consistent with their cultural responsiveness but were charged to use the teaching profession as a means to create positive change for others. Findings from this study hold promise for helping teacher education programs develop experiences for Black males that capture and cultivate the unique embodiment of two clashing identities—American and Black. INDEX WORDS: Black male teachers, Culturally responsive pedagogy, Double consciousness, Teacher preparation programs, Urban education A DU BOISIAN APPROACH: HOW DOES DOUBLE CONSCIOUSNESS MANIFEST IN THE EXPERIENCES OF BLACK MALES IN AN URBAN TEACHER PREPARATION PROGRAM
Next-Day Convection-Allowing WRF Model Guidance: A Second Look at 2-km versus 4-km Grid Spacing

Abstract During the 2007 NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) Spring Experiment, the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms (CAPS) at the University of Oklahoma produced convection-allowing forecasts from a single deterministic 2-km model and a 10-member 4-km-resolution ensemble. In this study, the 2-km deterministic output was compared with forecasts from the 4-km ensemble control member. Other than the difference in horizontal resolution, the two sets of forecasts featured identical Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model (ARW-WRF) configurations, including vertical resolution, forecast domain, initial and lateral boundary conditions, and physical parameterizations. Therefore, forecast disparities were attributed solely to differences in horizontal grid spacing. This study is a follow-up to similar work that was based on results from the 2005 Spring Experiment. Unlike the 2005 experiment, however, model configurations were more rigorously controlled in the present study, providing.
Sea surface wind speed estimation based on GNSS signal measurements

In this paper we investigate near sea surface wind speed estimation using GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signals. A low-altitude airborne experiment was conducted recently using a UNSW-owned light aircraft over the coast of Sydney. Both direct and reflected signals were captured via a zenith-looking antenna and a nadir-looking antenna respectively. The logged IF data bits were processed to generate delay waveforms and delay-Doppler waveforms. Using the measured waveforms and the theoretical ones, the wind speed can be estimated through waveform fitting. The processed waveforms associated with eight satellites were employed to estimate the wind speed. A four-step method is proposed to perform the waveform fitting. The results show that similar estimation accuracy can be achieved using signals transmitted from satellites with low or high elevation angles. It is demonstrated that the estimation accuracy of the wind speed is around 1 m/s. Further the incorrect encoding of some quantized data bits in a software receiver is investigated.
Epidemiologic Studies of Trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and other Psychiatric Disorders

This paper reviews recent epidemiologic studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the general population. Estimates of the prevalence of exposure to traumatic events vary with the method used to ascertain trauma exposure and the definition of the stressor criterion. Changes in the DSM-IV definition of “stressor” have increased the number of traumatic events experienced in the community that can be used to diagnose PTSD and thus, the number of PTSD cases. Risk factors for PTSD in adults vary across studies. The 3 factors identified as having relatively uniform effects are 1) preexisting psychiatric disorders, 2) a family history of disorders, and 3) childhood trauma. In civilian populations, women are at a higher risk for PTSD than are men, following exposure to traumatic events. Most community residents have experienced 1 or more PTSD-level traumas in their lifetime, but only a few succumb to PTSD. Trauma victims who do not succumb to PTSD are not at an elevated risk for the subsequent onset of major depression or substance use disorders, compared with unexposed persons.
Cooperative interference cancellation using device-to-device communications

The ongoing densification in cellular networks has turned interference into a serious problem in future cellular networks. Since the interference experienced by close-by users in a cellular network is usually correlated, it can be cooperatively suppressed to improve user experience. In this article, we introduce the idea of cooperative interference cancellation (CIC) between close-by users using device-to-device (D2D) communications for the example of the upcoming 3rd Generation Partnership Program (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) Rel-12 D2D technology. We understand CIC as a new network interference management tool, capable of exploiting interference correlation to improve downlink throughput. We discuss possible deployment scenarios as well as theoretical and practical challenges. To each challenge we provide some possible solutions. Finally, a first feasibility analysis using numerical simulations is presented that demonstrates the potential gains of CIC.
An Alternative Method to Find the Solution of Zero One Integer Linear Fractional Programming Problem with the Help of-Matrix

* Professor of Mathematics, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul-624 622, Tamil Nadu, India. ** Dean of Science and Humanities, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul-624622, Tamil Nadu, India AbstractTo minimize the computational effort needed to solve a zero one Integer Linear Fractional programming problem a new approach has been proposed. Here we use matrix for finding the solution of the integer linear fractional programming problems.
Laboratory Monitoring of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection: Cost-Effectiveness and Budget Impact of Current and Novel Strategies.

BACKGROUND Optimal laboratory monitoring of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains controversial. We evaluated current and novel monitoring strategies in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa. METHODS We used the Cost-Effectiveness of Preventing AIDS Complications -International model to compare clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and budget impact of 11 ART monitoring strategies varying by type (CD4 and/or viral load [VL]) and frequency. We included "adaptive" strategies (biannual then annual monitoring for patients on ART/suppressed). Mean CD4 count at ART initiation was 154/μL. Laboratory test costs were CD4=$11 and VL=$33. The standard of care (SOC; biannual CD4) was the comparator. We assessed cost-effectiveness relative to Côte d'Ivoire's 2013 per capita GDP ($1500). RESULTS Discounted life expectancy was 16.69 years for SOC, 16.97 years with VL confirmation of immunologic failure, and 17.25 years for adaptive VL. Mean time on failed first-line ART was 3.7 years for SOC and <0.9 years for all routine/adaptive VL strategies. VL failure confirmation was cost-saving compared with SOC. Adaptive VL had an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $4100/year of life saved compared with VL confirmation and increased the 5-year budget by $310/patient compared with SOC. Adaptive VL achieved an ICER <1× GDP if second-line ART and VL costs simultaneously decreased to $156 and $13, respectively. CONCLUSIONS VL confirmation of immunologic failure is more effective and less costly than CD4 monitoring in Côte d'Ivoire. Adaptive VL monitoring reduces time on failing ART, is cost-effective, and should become standard in Côte d'Ivoire and similar settings.
Transcripts of sulphur metabolic genes are co-ordinately regulated in developing seeds of common bean lacking phaseolin and major lectins

The lack of phaseolin and phytohaemagglutinin in common bean (dry bean, Phaseolus vulgaris) is associated with an increase in total cysteine and methionine concentrations by 70% and 10%, respectively, mainly at the expense of an abundant non-protein amino acid, S-methyl-cysteine. Transcripts were profiled between two genetically related lines differing for this trait at four stages of seed development using a high density microarray designed for common bean. Transcripts of multiple sulphur-rich proteins were elevated, several previously identified by proteomics, including legumin, basic 7S globulin, albumin-2, defensin, albumin-1, the Bowman–Birk type proteinase inhibitor, the double-headed trypsin inhibitor, and the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor. A co-ordinated regulation of transcripts coding for sulphate transporters, sulphate assimilatory enzymes, serine acetyltransferases, cystathionine β-lyase, homocysteine S-methyltransferase and methionine gamma-lyase was associated with changes in cysteine and methionine concentrations. Differential gene expression of sulphur-rich proteins preceded that of sulphur metabolic enzymes, suggesting a regulation by demand from the protein sink. Up-regulation of SERAT1;1 and -1;2 expression revealed an activation of cytosolic O-acetylserine biosynthesis. Down-regulation of SERAT2;1 suggested that cysteine and S-methyl-cysteine biosynthesis may be spatially separated in different subcellular compartments. Analysis of free amino acid profiles indicated that enhanced cysteine biosynthesis was correlated with a depletion of O-acetylserine. These results contribute to our understanding of the regulation of sulphur metabolism in developing seed in response to a change in the composition of endogenous proteins.
Real time voice alteration based on linear prediction

In this paper we present the application of a set of voice alteration algorithms based on Linear Prediction (LP). We present a study of some potential application areas of voice alteration technology and argue that near real time performance is a critical requirement for many. One bene(cid:12)t of our algorithms is their simplicity and therefore feasibility of implementation in a real time system. To this end, we built an experimental platform on a personal computer. We also present our implementation and user experience from this e(cid:11)ort.
A novel hierarchical community architecture with end-to-end delay awareness for communication delay enhancement

The extreme dynamism and the rapidly changing user's requirements in current information systems promote imperative needs for the autonomous community information system (ACIS) proposition. ACIS is a decentralized architecture that forms a community of individual end-users (community members) having the same interests and demands in somewhere, at specified time. It allows the community members to mutually cooperate and share information without loading up any single node excessively. In this paper, an efficient autonomous decentralized community construction technique is proposed to reduce: the communication delays among members with take into consideration the latency among them and the required time to join/leave. This technology organizes the community members into a hierarchy of sub-communities. This paper illustrates the step-step construction technique and the membership management operations for the proposed hierarchical community structure. In addition, it studies the community communication among members to quantify and study the tradeoff between the communication delay and the membership control (join/leave) overhead.
Entecavir versus lamivudine for patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B.

BACKGROUND Entecavir is a potent and selective antiviral agent that has demonstrated efficacy in phase 2 studies in patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B. METHODS In this phase 3, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 648 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B who had not previously been treated with a nucleoside analogue to receive 0.5 mg of entecavir or 100 mg of lamivudine once daily for a minimum of 52 weeks. The primary efficacy end point was histologic improvement (a decrease by at least two points in the Knodell necroinflammatory score, without worsening of fibrosis). RESULTS Histologic improvement after 48 weeks of treatment occurred in 208 of 296 patients in the entecavir group who had adequate baseline liver-biopsy specimens that could be evaluated (70 percent), as compared with 174 of 287 such patients in the lamivudine group (61 percent, P=0.01). More patients in the entecavir group than in the lamivudine group had undetectable serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels according to a polymerase-chain-reaction assay (90 percent vs. 72 percent, P<0.001) and normalization of alanine aminotransferase levels (78 percent vs. 71 percent, P=0.045). The mean reduction in serum HBV DNA levels from baseline to week 48 was greater with entecavir than with lamivudine (5.0 vs. 4.5 log [on a base-10 scale] copies per milliliter, P<0.001). There was no evidence of resistance to entecavir. Safety and adverse-event profiles were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B who had not previously been treated with a nucleoside analogue, the rates of histologic improvement, virologic response, and normalization of alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly higher at 48 weeks with entecavir than with lamivudine. The safety profile of the two agents was similar, and there was no evidence of viral resistance to entecavir. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00035789.).
Expression of multiple tau isoforms and microtubule bundle formation in fibroblasts transfected with a single tau cDNA

Tau proteins are a class of low molecular mass microtubule-associated proteins that are specifically expressed in the nervous system. A cDNA clone of adult rat tau was isolated and sequenced. To analyze functions of tau proteins in vivo, we carried out transfection experiments. A fibroblast cell line, which was transfected with the cDNA, expressed three bands of tau, while six bands were expressed in rat brain. After dephosphorylation, one of the three bands disappeared, demonstrating directly that phosphorylation was involved in the multiplicity of tau. Morphologically, we observed a thick bundle formation of microtubules in the transiently and stably tau-gene-transfected cells. In addition, we found that the production of tubulin was prominently enhanced in the stably transfected cells. Thus, we suppose that tau proteins promote polymerization of tubulin, form bundles of microtubules in vivo, and play important roles in growing and maintaining nerve cell processes.
Modeling the Effects of Sensorineural Hearing Loss on Sound Localization in the Median Plane

Listeners use monaural spectral cues to localize sound sources in sagittal planes (along the up-down and front-back directions). How sensorineural hearing loss affects the salience of monaural spectral cues is unclear. To simulate the effects of outer-hair-cell (OHC) dysfunction and the contribution of different auditory-nerve fiber types on localization performance, we incorporated a nonlinear model of the auditory periphery into a model of sagittal-plane sound localization for normal-hearing listeners. The localization model was first evaluated in its ability to predict the effects of spectral cue modifications for normal-hearing listeners. Then, we used it to simulate various degrees of OHC dysfunction applied to different types of auditory-nerve fibers. Predicted localization performance was hardly affected by mild OHC dysfunction but was strongly degraded in conditions involving severe and complete OHC dysfunction. These predictions resemble the usually observed degradation in localization performance induced by sensorineural hearing loss. Predicted localization performance was best when preserving fibers with medium spontaneous rates, which is particularly important in view of noise-induced hearing loss associated with degeneration of this fiber type. On average across listeners, predicted localization performance was strongly related to level discrimination sensitivity of auditory-nerve fibers, indicating an essential role of this coding property for localization accuracy in sagittal planes.
Emergence of words : Multisensory precursors of sound-meaning associations in infancy

This thesis presents four experimental studies, carried out at the Phonetic laboratory, Stockholm University, on infants’ ability to establish auditory-visual sound-meaning associations as a precursor of early word acquisition. Study I reports on the effect of linguistic variance on infants’ ability (3- to 20-months) to establish sound-meaning associations. The target-words embedded in phrases, based on an artificial language, were presented along with visually displayed puppets. Study II investigates the role of attribute type on infants’ ability (3- to 6-months) to establish sound-meaning associations. Two-word phrases, based on the same artificial language as in Study I, were presented along with visually displayed geometrical objects. The words implicitly referred to the color and shape of the objects. Study III examines infants’ ability (12- to 16-months) to predict phonetic information. The subjects were tested on their ability to associate Swedish whole words and disrupted words to familiar objects. Study IV investigates infants’ ability (6- to 8-months) to detect concurrence and synchrony in speech and non-speech. The infants were exposed to Swedish speech sounds presented with corresponding articulatory events, the sound of hand-clapping presented with synchronized hand-clapping movements, and the sound of hand-clapping presented with synchronized articulatory events. The results picture the subject as sensitive to distributional properties of auditory and visual information (Study I and II) but still unable to predict phonetic information, in the beginning of the second year of life (Study III). The infants’ conceptual behavior is outlined as a general-purpose perceptual process influenced by perceptual salience (Study IV). These results are related to a working hypothesis based on the Ecological theory of language acquisition (Lacerda & Sundberg, 2006), and Lindblom (Lindblom, 1990; Lindblom & Lacerda, 2006).
Topically Used Herbal Products for the Treatment of Psoriasis – Mechanism of Action, Drug Delivery, Clinical Studies

Abstract Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized histologically by hyperproliferation and aberrant differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. A wide range of conventional medical therapies to treat psoriasis is established, from topical therapies and systemic medications through to phototherapy or combinations of those. However, most of these therapies have a limited efficacy and may cause a number of side effects, including cutaneous atrophy, organ toxicity, carcinogenicity, and broadband immunosuppression, which are restricting their long-term use. Therefore, it would be desirable to use herbal products as an alternative treatment for psoriasis that causes fewer side effects. For this purpose, several electronic databases and literature references were used to summarize the current knowledge acquired on the basis of animal studies and clinical trials regarding herbal products used to treat psoriasis topically. This review discusses the mechanisms of herbal products activities through (1) inhibition of the keratinocyte hyperproliferation and inducing apoptosis, (2) inhibition of immune-inflammatory reaction, (3) suppression of phosphorylase kinase (PhK) activity, and (4) inhibition of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Moreover, the penetration of herbal products through the psoriatic skin barrier, novel herbal drug delivery systems in psoriasis treatment, and possible adverse effects of herbal therapy are discussed.
Exploración textual en el contexto del Modelo de Valores en Competencia. Aplicación al tipo de cultura de la UPV-EHU

This work explores the use of two statistical tools for the analysis of textual data: on one hand, correspondence analysis, which allows for a graphical representation of a contingency table for association research; on the other hand, automatic classification, which permits identifying groups from multivariate observations. The empirical application is about an open question included in a questionnaire over prevalent characteristics of the organizational culture at the University of the Basque Country. This work is particular in its placement in the Competing Values Model framework due to Cameron and Quinn. The results show a teaching staff typology partially adjusting to this proposed model.
Responses of directional ganglion cells in the pigeon retina.

1. Extracellular single‐unit records were taken from ganglion cells in the pigeon retina, and average response histograms were recorded, with base line spike counts. 2. Movements in the preferred direction in directional cells produce discharge peaks. Movements in the null direction produce spike deletion suggesting there is an inhibitory patch offset from the field centre, towards the start of the null sweep. 3. Bi‐directional responses can be obtained from the preferred side of the field centre; bi‐directional inhibition can be obtained at the null side. Scans orthogonal to the null‐preferred direction passing through the inhibitory patch can produce deletions. 4. The latency of deletions from the inhibitory patch is slightly greater than of excitation from the field centre, judged by flashed or moving stimuli.