Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attitude determination from single camera vector observations

Attitude determination is of major importance in Guidance and Control Systems of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV's). Supplying wrong or not precise attitude very often turns to be catastrophic for the UAV's. Vision sensors are must nowadays. They provide reach source of information given as relative measurements between the vehicle navigation parameters (position, velocity and attitude) and the environment. This paper presents a framework for attitude determination from single camera vector observations. We assume known environment in a form of a map and true vehicle positions from which each observation has been taken. Two different methods for attitude determination are presented: an iterative numerical solution based on Gauss Newton's method and an exact method known as the Davenport q-method. Pros and cons of the both solutions are presented.
Analysis and Circuit Implementation of a Three-Wing or Four-Wing Chaotic Attractor

The paper firstly analyzes a three-wing or four-wing chaotic attractor which is reported recently. When vary, the dynamics of the chaotic attractor are very complex, not only can the three-wing or four-wing chaotic attractor be observed by numerical simulation, but also some typical periodic attractors can be found. In addition, an analog circuit is also made for the three-wing or four-wing chaotic system, and the results of circuit experiment observed by oscillation are well coincided with those of simulation. Furthermore, the chaotic characteristics of the three-wing or four-wing chaotic system are verified physically.
Exploiting Fixed Programs in Embedded Systems: A Loop Cache Example

Embedded systems commonly execute oneprogram for their lifetime. Designing embedded systemarchitectures with configurable components, such thatthose components can be tuned to that one program basedon a program pre-analysis, can yield significant powerand performance benefits. We illustrate such benefits bydesigning a loop cache specifically with tuning in mind.Our results show a 70% reduction in instruction memoryaccess, for MIPS and 8051 processors – representingtwice the reduction from a regular loop cache, translatingto good power savings.
“Who Is an Entrepreneur?” Is the Wrong Question

Entrepreneurship is the creation of organizations. What differentiates entrepreneurs from non-entrepreneurs is that entrepreneurs create organizations, while non-entrepreneurs do not. In behavioral approaches to the study of entrepreneurship an entrepreneur is seen as a set of activities involved in organization creation, while in trait approaches an entrepreneur is a set of personality traits and characteristics. This paper argues that trait approaches have been unfruitful and that behavioral approaches will be a more productive perspective for future research in entrepreneurship.
Translating news to CycL using the XLE parser

We built a pipeline for translating text into logical representation, which falls in the category of Machine Reading (MR). The essential component of the pipeline and our main contribution is the non-probabilistic rule-based framework. Other components are: syntatic parser, XLE, to extract gramamtical features from text, Enrycher, for additional natural language processing, and Cyc for semantic resources, reasoning, and its language CycL to respresent the translated knowledge. We defined and implemented several rules on the framework. We evaluated them on business news. In the discussion we identified several challenges in MR. Prevajanje novic v jezik CycL s pomočjo razčlenjevalnika XLE Zgradili smo cevovod za prevajanje besdila v logično predstavitev. Naše delo spada v področje strojnega branja. Glavna komponenta cevovoda in naš glavni prispevek je neprobabilistično programsko ogrodje, ki temelji na pravilih. Ostale komponente so: XLE – sintaktični razčlenjevalnik, Enrycher – storitev za procesiranje naravenega jezika in Cyc – semantični vir ter avtomatski pojasnjevalnik. Za predstavitev prevedenega znanja smo uporabili jezik CycL. Na programskem ogrodju smo definirali in implementirali nekaj pravil. Ocenili smo, kako prevajajo besedila iz poslovnih novic. V zaključku smo odkrili številne izzive v strojnem branju.
System Timing Is Everything in Life : Conditional Transgene Expression in the Cardiovascular

Manipulation of the mouse genome by traditional transgenic approaches has facilitated studies of gene function within the context of the intact organism and allowed for the creation of useful animal models of human disease. However, the timing of gene activation or repression is a critical determinant of phenotype, and the ability to regulate the temporal profile of transgene expression remains an important experimental goal. In this Mini Review, we describe the current status of systems to tightly regulate target gene expression in vivo, focusing on binary systems using chimeric transcription factors. Although experimental difficulties persist, regulated expression systems are beginning to produce conditional phenotypes with exciting experimental implications. We review the experience to date and examine the potential utility of these approaches within the context of cardiovascular medicine. (Circ Res. 1998;82:837-844.)
Affective Stack - A Model for Affective Computing Application Development

Affective computing applications hold promise to revolutionize human-computer interaction by enabling more natural and intuitive interaction modalities. These may include the communication of vocal expressions, physiological signals or other non-verbal indicators of underlying affective state. Although the field has experienced substantial expansion in recent years, the tools and techniques utilized are not yet mature or well established. A notable issue is the one-off nature of currently implemented affective computing systems. There is as yet no notion of standardized program architecture and there is no straightforward way to extend the functionality of existing software to include affective components. This paper introduces a new model which describes the affective computing application in terms of a set of loosely coupled functional components. This model encourages a uniform and replicable approach to affective application development in which functional components can be improved independently and subsequently re-used. The model also incorporates existing third party software as a functional component highlighting the potential to build upon existing, well established, software packages. It is hoped that this model and discussion spurs further, focused development in this growing field.
Perceptions of advergaming as an advertising tool in South Africa

The use of games to communicate messages is not new; however the evolution of the digital environment has opened up opportunities for brand communicators to use games as a means to communicate with audiences in ways that were previously impossible. In South Africa, so-called advergaming currently does not reach a mass audience because of the low number of Internet users and the high cost of Internet access. However, as a brand communication tool, advergaming has the potential to be used as a viral marketing tactic. The article analyses the perceptions of advertising agencies about the use of advergaming in the South African context.
The{dollar}p{dollar}-Norm Generalization of the LMS Algorithm for Adaptive Filtering

— Recently much work has been done analyzing on-line machine learning algorithms in a worst case setting, where no probabilistic assumptions are made about the data. This is analogous to the H setting used in adaptive linear ﬁltering. Bregman divergences have become a standard tool for analyzing online machine learning algorithms. Using these divergences, we motivate a generalization of the least mean squared (LMS) algorithm. The loss bounds for these so-called -norm algorithms involve other norms than the standard 2-norm. The bounds can be signiﬁcantly better if a large proportion of the input variables are irrelevant, i.e., if the weight vector we are trying to learn is sparse. We also prove results for nonstationary targets. We only know how to apply kernel methods to the standard LMS algorithm (i.e., = 2 ). However, even in the general -norm case, we can handle generalized linear models where the output of the system is a linear function combined with a nonlinear transfer function (e.g., the logistic sigmoid).
Calendar based contextual information as an Internet content pre-caching tool

Motivated by the need to access internet content on mobile devices with expensive or non-existent network access, this paper discusses the possibility for contextual information extracted from electronic calendars to be used as sources for Internet content predictive retrieval (pre-caching). Our results show that calendar based contextual information is useful for this purpose and that calendar based information can produce web queries that are relevant to the users' task supportive information needs.
The Global Distribution and Drivers of Alien Bird Species Richness

Alien species are a major component of human-induced environmental change. Variation in the numbers of alien species found in different areas is likely to depend on a combination of anthropogenic and environmental factors, with anthropogenic factors affecting the number of species introduced to new locations, and when, and environmental factors influencing how many species are able to persist there. However, global spatial and temporal variation in the drivers of alien introduction and species richness remain poorly understood. Here, we analyse an extensive new database of alien birds to explore what determines the global distribution of alien species richness for an entire taxonomic class. We demonstrate that the locations of origin and introduction of alien birds, and their identities, were initially driven largely by European (mainly British) colonialism. However, recent introductions are a wider phenomenon, involving more species and countries, and driven in part by increasing economic activity. We find that, globally, alien bird species richness is currently highest at midlatitudes and is strongly determined by anthropogenic effects, most notably the number of species introduced (i.e., “colonisation pressure”). Nevertheless, environmental drivers are also important, with native and alien species richness being strongly and consistently positively associated. Our results demonstrate that colonisation pressure is key to understanding alien species richness, show that areas of high native species richness are not resistant to colonisation by alien species at the global scale, and emphasise the likely ongoing threats to global environments from introductions of species.
Host immune responses after hypoxic reactivation of IFN-γ induced persistent Chlamydia trachomatis infection

Genital tract infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) are the most frequent sexually transmitted disease worldwide. Severe clinical sequelae such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), tubal occlusion, and tubal infertility are linked to inflammatory processes of chronically infected tissues. The oxygen concentrations in the female urogenital tract are physiologically low and further diminished (0.5–5% O2, hypoxia) during an ongoing inflammation. However, little is known about the effect of a low oxygen environment on genital C. trachomatis infections. In this study, we investigated the host immune responses during reactivation of IFN-γ induced persistent C. trachomatis infection under hypoxia. For this purpose, the activation of the MAP-kinases p44/42 and p38 as well as the induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 were analyzed. Upon hypoxic reactivation of IFN-γ induced persistent C. trachomatis infection, the phosphorylation of the p44/42 but not of the p38 MAP-kinase was significantly diminished compared to IFN-γ induced chlamydial persistence under normoxic condition. In addition, significantly reduced IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression levels were observed for reactivated Chlamydiae under hypoxia compared to a persistent chlamydial infection under normoxia. Our findings indicate that hypoxia not only reactivates IFN-γ induced persistent C. trachomatis infections resulting in increased bacterial growth and progeny but also dampens inflammatory host immune signaling responses that are normally observed in a normoxic environment.
Time-Switching based Simultaneous Wireless Transmission of Information and Energy (Wi-TIE) for Relaying Systems with Caching Architecture

In this chapter, we investigate the performance of a time switching (TS) based energy harvesting model for cache-assisted simultaneous wireless transmission of information and energy (Wi-TIE). In the considered system, a relay which is equipped with both caching and energy harvesting capabilities helps a source to convey information to a destination. Based on the time-splitting mechanism, we analyze the effect of caching on the system performance in terms of stored energy at the relay and the relay-destination link throughput. In particular, two optimization problems are formulated to maximize the energy stored at the relay and the relay-destination throughput. By using KKT method, closed-form solution are obtained for both the problems. Finally, the performance of the proposed design under various operating conditions and parameter values is illustrated using numerical results.
Effect of Drying Methods on the Nutraceutical Potential of Cactus Cladodes (Opuntia spp.)

DifferentdryingmethodswereusedtoobtainflourfromtwoMexicancactus� cladodes (nopal) (Opuntia spp.), one wild and one commercially cultivated (Verde Valt- ierrilla),�intermsofnutraceuticalcompounds. �Totaldietaryfiber,�phenoliccompounds� andflavonoids,� antioxidantcapacity,�in vitro fermentability and production of short- chainfattyacidswereanalyzedbyfluidbed,�tunnel,�sprayandfreezedryingmethods. � Ourresultsindicatethatnopalflourobtainedunderhotairandfreezedry- ingisanexcellentsourceofdietaryfiber;� wildmaterialshowedthehighestval- ues�(54.2%�dryweight). �Phenoliccompoundsandflavonoidswerealsohigher�(p < 0.05) in the wild than in the commercial cladodes powder, as well as the pro- duction of short-chain fatty acids. Acetic, propionic and butyric acids were found inhighamountsinbothflours,� beingaceticthemostabundantfattyacid. �Anti- oxidantcapacitywasnotsignificantlyaffectedbythedryingtemperaturesofthe� evaluatedmethods. �Flourfromwildnopalexhibitedhigherlevelsofhealthpro- moting substances than Verde Valtierrilla. In brief, this study demonstrates that flourfromOpuntia cladodescouldbeconsideredanexcellentfoodwithnutra- ceutical potential for human nutrition and outstanding potential features for the industries of health, food and pharmaceuticals, due to its functional components.
The Effect of Cognitive Inhibition Training on the Reduction of Attention-deficit/ Hyperactivity Symptoms and the Improvement of Planning Performance

Background and aims: The deficit in inhibition has been recognized as a central deficit in ADHD. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive inhibition training on the reduction of attention-deficit and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms and the improvement of planning performance. Methods: Using cluster sampling, 42 children (8 to 11 years old) of the Iranian army personnel were selected from 3 boys’ primarily schools. The diagnosis of students with ADHD was done using Conner’s Teachers Rating Scale and the clinical psychologist’s assessment. The participants were randomly placed into two groups: experimental group (n=27) and control group (n=15). All participants were assessed in terms of IQ before the intervention. Both of the groups were assessed by The Child Symptom Inventory-4 and Tower of London test before and after the intervention. Results: The results indicated that cognitive inhibition training resulted in the reduced attention-deficit symptoms and the improved planning performance (P<0.05); however, there was not a significant difference between the two groups in terms of Hyperactivity/Impulsivity. Conclusion: This study imply that cognitive inhibition training is effective in reducing attention deficit symptoms and improving planning performance to a great extent.
Spectral properties of random non-self-adjoint matrices and operators

I describe some numerical experiments which determine the degree of spectral instability of medium‐sized randomly generated matrices which are far from self‐adjoint. The conclusion is that the eigenvalues are likely to be intrinsically uncomputable for similar matrices of a larger size. I also describe a stochastic family of bounded operators in infinite dimensions for almost all of which the eigenvectors generate a dense linear subspace, but the eigenvalues do not determine the spectrum. My results imply that the spectrum of the non‐self‐adjoint Anderson model changes suddenly on passing to the infinite volume limit.
Motor Control and Learning for Motor Recovery and Rehabilitation

Traditionally, motor control is defined as the way our central nervous system produces purposeful and coordinated movements to achieve certain goals, and motor learning is the process to acquire and automatize a motor skill through practice [1]. Motor control and learning can be described of the movement mechanisms and change of movement proficiency in response to training or novel experiences through multidisciplinary approaches.
International Trade and the Australian Labour Market

‘[The Harvester judgment] was based on the wages paid in sheltered industries. The adjustments of wages to prices have protected the basic wage-earners from the costs of the tariff, and have kept the [wage] standard itself closely related to the favourable wage paying capacities of protected industries. This development is not without danger; at some time it will be necessary to review the principles of the Australian wage standard, and . the circumstances of the unsheltered industries should not be ignored.
Biases in Beliefs: Experimental Evidence

Many papers have reported behavioral biases in belief formation that come on top of standard game-theoretic reasoning. We show that the processes involved depend on the way participants reason about their beliefs. When they think about what everybody else or another ‘unspecified’ individual is doing, they exhibit a consensus bias (believing that others are similar to themselves). In contrast, when they think about what their situation-specific counterpart is doing, they show ex-post rationalization, under which the reported belief is fitted to the action and not vice versa. Our findings suggest that there may not be an ‘innocent’ belief-elicitation method that yields unbiased beliefs. However, if we ‘debias’ the reported beliefs using our estimates of the different effects, we find no more treatment effect of how we ask for the belief. The ‘debiasing’ exercise shows that not accounting for the biases will typically bias estimates of game-theoretic thinking upwards.
Design of a Key Establishment Protocol for Smart Home Energy Management System

With the fast development of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and RFID technology, many Internet of Things (IOT) applications have been deployed in recent years. Smart home energy management systems form part of the smart grid program and are a fast developing smart home application area. Inadequate security is a big issue in smart home energy management systems. Most security protocols widely used for computer network and internet security cannot be implemented in smart home energy management systems as they are computational expensive for the wireless sensor nodes used in smart home applications. The major issue in the security of smart home energy management systems is the establishment of the initial session key between the wireless nodes and control center. In this paper, we propose a lightweight key establishment protocol for smart home energy management systems and present the implementation details of the protocol.
Ansiedade reportada frente à produção textual: correlações com variáveis motivacionais | Anxiety reported in textual production: Correlations with motivational variables

A literatura tem revelado que as atuais exigências sociais e acadêmicas têm produzido nos alunos um comportamento ansioso frente à escrita. O presente estudo, de abordagem sociocognitiva, identificou a presença e variação da ansiedade reportada frente à produção textual ao longo do processo de tomadas de medidas e avaliou a relação da ansiedade reportada diante da produção textual com variáveis motivacionais (autoeficácia, autorregulação da aprendizagem e desempenho global da produção escrita). Trata-se de um estudo com medidas repetidas. Participaram 693 alunos (M=9,13; DP=0,16) do ensino básico, da região Norte de Portugal, com idade entre 8 e 12 anos. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados questionários de autorrelato. A análise dos dados revelou diferenças estatísticamente significativas na ansiedade reportada frente à escrita na autoeficácia e na autorregulação da aprendizagem ao longo do ano escolar. A ansiedade diante da escrita revelou correlação positiva e estatisticamente significativa com a autoeficácia percebida. As demais variáveis apresentaram correlações negativas e estatisticamente significativas com a ansiedade frente à escrita.
Comparative architectural characterization of SPEC CPU2000 and CPU2006 benchmarks on the intel® Core™ 2 Duo processor

SPEC CPU benchmarks are commonly used by compiler writers and architects of general purpose processors for performance evaluation. Since the release of the CPU89 suite, the SPEC CPU benchmark suites have evolved, with applications either removed or added or upgraded. This influences the design decisions for the next generation compilers and microarchitectures. In view of the above, it is critical to characterize the applications in the new suite - SPEC CPU2006 - to guide the decision making process. Although similar studies using the retired SPEC CPU benchmark suites have been done in the past, to the best of our knowledge, a thorough performance characterization of CPU2006 and its comparison with CPU2000 has not been done so far. In this paper, we present the above. For this, we compiled the applications in CPU2000 and CPU2006 using the Intelreg2 Fortran/C++ optimizing compiler and executed them, using the reference data sets, on the state-of-the-art Intel Coretrade2 Duo processor. The performance information was collected by using the Intel VTunetrade performance analyzer that takes advantage of the built-in hardware performance counters to obtain accurate information on program behavior and its use of processor resources. The focus of this paper is on branch and memory access behavior, the well-known reasons for program performance problems. By analyzing and comparing the L1 data and L2 cache miss rates, branch prediction accuracy, and resource stalls the performance impact in each suite is indirectly determined and described. Not surprisingly, the CPU2006 codes are larger, more complex, and have larger data sets. This leads to higher average L2 cache miss rates and a slight reduction in average IPC compared to the CPU2000 suite. Similarly, the average branch behavior is slightly worse in CPU2006 suite. However, based on processor stall counts branches are much less of a problem. The results presented here are a step towards understanding the SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks and will aid compiler writers in understanding the impact of currently implemented optimizations and in the design of new ones to address the new challenges presented by SPEC CPU2006. Similar opportunities exist for architecture optimization.