Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Generalized Predictive Control Based on Online SVR

Generalized predictive controllers (GPCs) have been successfully applied in process control during the last decade. The performance of unstable, non-minimum-phase, or linear processes with dead-time are improved, however, GPCs are limited when used to control real industrial process, because of the real processes is often onlinear. According to the difficult problem of building an accurate model for a nonlinear system, a new generalized predictive control (GPC) algorithm based on online support vector machines (OSVM) is designed. At first, some key parameters of model are identified on-line by OSVM, and then using generalized predictive control strategy to realize predictive control for the system. Through simulating of some experiments, the result shows that the design could predictive accurately, has a good stability and small the steady-state error.
Efficient Deadline-Based QoS Algorithms for High-Performance Networks

Quality of service (QoS) is becoming an attractive feature for high-performance networks and parallel machines because, in those environments, there are different traffic types, each one having its own requirements. In that sense, deadline-based algorithms can provide powerful QoS provision. However, the cost associated with keeping ordered lists of packets makes these algorithms impractical for high-performance networks. In this paper, we explore how to efficiently adapt the Earliest Deadline First family of algorithms to high-speed network environments. The results show excellent performance using just two virtual channels, FIFO queues, and a cost feasible with today's technology.
Database Systems for Structured Documents 1

Documents stored in a database system can have complex internal structure described by languages such as SGML. How to take advantage of this structure presents challenges for database system implementors. We classify the types of queries that need to be supported by SGML-conformant database systems. We then describe several data models that have been proposed for representing documents in a database system and discuss the support these models provide for SGML. Finally we consider query evaluation.
Wheezing and itching

The development of allergic inflammation requires the orchestration of gene expression from the inflamed tissue and from the infiltrating immune cells. Since many of the cytokines that promote allergic inflammation signal through hematopoietin family receptors, the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) family have obligate roles in pro-allergic cytokine-induced gene regulation in multiple cell types. In this review, we summarize work defining the contribution of each of the STAT family members to the development of allergic inflammation, using data from mouse models of allergic inflammation, studies on patient samples and correlations with single nucleotide polymorphisms in STAT genes.
Self organising map based region of interest labelling for automated defect identification in large sewer pipe image collections

Proper maintenance of sewer pipes is vital for the healthy functioning of a city. Due to the difficulty of reach for sewage pipes, automating pipe inspection has high potential in providing an efficient and objective identification of defects which could lead to damaging the pipe system. A popular approach has been to send remote controlled robots to photograph the pipes and process the images to identify possible defects. However majority of the images contain regular pipe features such as the flow line, pipe joints and pipe connections. Regular features pose a challenge for automated defect detection algorithms which require high processing time. This paper proposes a self organising map based approach to leverage the regularity of image features to isolate regions of interest which could contain defects. As a result, the search space is narrowed down for the defect detection algorithms, decreasing the overall processing time. Novelty of the work lies in the feature extraction and the gradual isolation of the potential defective image features to a manageable size. Therefore, this technique is suitable for large scale real applications. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for a real pipe image data set.
Small noise asymptotic of the timing jitter in soliton transmission

Exit from a neighborhood of zero for weakly damped stochasticnonlinear SchrAodinger equations is studied. The small noise is either complexand of additive type or real and of multiplicative type. It is white in time andcolored in space. The neighborhood is either in L2 or in H1. The small noiseasymptotic of both the ¯rst exit times and the exit points are characterized.
Positron emission tomography in the diagnostic work-up of screening-detected lung nodules

Low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer can reduce lung cancer mortality, but overdiagnosis, false positives and invasive procedures for benign nodules are worrying. We evaluated the utility of positron emission tomography (PET)-CT in characterising indeterminate screening-detected lung nodules. 383 nodules, examined by PET-CT over the first 6 years of the COSMOS (Continuous Observation of Smoking Subjects) study to diagnose primary lung cancer, were reviewed and compared with pathological findings (surgically-treated patients) or follow-up (negative CT for ⩾2 years, considered negative); 196 nodules were malignant. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of PET-CT for differentially diagnosing malignant nodules were, respectively, 64%, 89% and 76% overall, and 82%, 92% and 88% for baseline-detected nodules. Performance was lower for nodules found at repeat annual scans, with sensitivity ranging from 22% for nonsolid to 79% for solid nodules (p=0.0001). Sensitivity (87%) and specificity (73%) were high for nodules ⩾15 mm, better (sensitivity 98%) for solid nodules ⩾15 mm. PET-CT was highly sensitive for the differential diagnosis of indeterminate nodules detected at baseline, nodules ⩾15 mm and solid nodules. Sensitivity was low for sub-solid nodules and nodules discovered after baseline for which other methods, e.g. volume doubling time, should be used. PET-CT is good at differentially diagnosing large, solid and baseline-detected lung nodules in the screening setting http://ow.ly/A1amh
Relaxation of transient ionization in the lower ionosphere

This paper presents a set of basic expressions and parameters to describe the relaxation of ionization in the upper atmosphere and lower ionosphere. Both spatial (diffusion) and chemical loss are included, along with the varying electrical conductivity caused by changing electron density and temperature. In particular, reasonable values for the attachment rates and recombination coefficients at these high altitudes are discussed. Example calculations are given involving studies into red sprites. However, the modeling and parameters are not restricted to these events, and might well be useful in a number of other modeling problems.
Polarisation et déclin de la classe moyenne : le cas de la Russie

Cet article contribue a l'analyse de la polarisation des revenus de Russie. Son objectif est d'evaluer l'evolution de la classe moyenne en Russie et de verifier si les mecanismes publics de redistribution ont affecte son evolution au cours des deux dernieres decennies. Nous appliquons deux indices de polarisation a des donnees sur le revenu des menages, afin d'analyser l'evolution de la classe moyenne et de la polarisation en Russie. Les investigations empiriques menees dans le cadre de cette recherche sont basees sur les donnees de l'enquete Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey de 1995 a 2010. Au cours de la premiere periode, qui se caracterise par une inegalite croissante des revenus, nous constatons que la classe moyenne a diminue et que la polarisation des revenus a augmente, indiquant la constitution de groupes identifies dans les tranches de revenu inferieures et superieures. Dans la seconde periode, ou l'economie russe a souffert de la crise internationale, nous constatons que la classe moyenne a augmente et que la polarisation a diminue. Le niveau de la polarisation des revenus est aussi eleve dans les zones rurales que dans les zones urbaines, ce qui suggere que le risque de tensions sociales existe dans les deux zones. Les resultats de cette etude confirment l'efficacite du mecanisme de redistribution pour reduire la polarisation de maniere significative.
Reactive Power Control Strategies for DFIG-Based Plants

This paper explores and compares the performance of alternative voltage control strategies applied to doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). Different combinations of reactive power control of rotor- and grid-side converters are investigated for voltage-control purposes. Simulations are performed using detailed models built in DIgSILENT PowerFactory in order to illustrate the influence of controllers on transient stability and steady-state operation of the DFIG-based wind plant. This paper also proposes appropriate control strategies for different sets of network operating conditions and topologies. Operational limits, such as current margins and pulse-width modulation limits, are also taken into account.
Perception of Dyspnea in Prepubescent Children with Mild Intermittent Asthma: Is there Any Gender Difference?

Evaluating a small number of asthmatic patients, Chhabra and Chhabra (1) reported that the females were more likely to have a greater perception of dyspnea as well as a lower asthma control and a poorer quality of life than the males. In addition, they showed that female gender and poorer quality of life were independent predictors of increased perception of dyspnea in their asthmatic population (1). This study had some limitations, also recognized by authors, but the findings were interesting and may be clinically relevant as there are few reports investigating the possible gender difference about asthma symptom perception, which may vary according to a variety of factors, including disease severity and patients’ age. In this regard, we recently evaluated a cohort of 150 Italian asthmatic children (97 males, median age 9.79 years). Inclusion criteria were (a) first asthma diagnosis; (b) atopy confirmed by skin prick test positivity; (c) ability to perform spirometry, with reproducible flow/volume curves (2); and (d) mild intermittent disease, treated only with bronchodilators on demand. We selected children with mild intermittent asthma because (a) about 70–80% of new diagnosed cases belong to this severity class and (b) we wanted to avoid any interference with “controller medications. ” In addition, most asthmatic patients referred to our unit are prepubescent. Therefore, children had to be prepubescent in this study as we want to evaluate whether there was a possible gender difference in asthma prior to sexual maturation. Pulmonary function tests results were compared with reference values (3) and reversibility post-bronchodilation testing was considered positive when the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) values increased ≥12% after inhalation of 400 μg
Antiinflammatory effect of retrovirally transfected interleukin-10 on monosodium urate monohydrate crystal-induced acute inflammation in murine air pouches.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the inflammatory response, the antiinflammatory effect of retrovirally transfected IL-10 was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS A recombinant retrovirus containing the murine IL-10 gene was constructed using the pLXSN vector and was designated as LXSN-IL-10. Murine IL-10 was introduced into embryonic C57BL/6J fibroblast cells using LXSN-IL-10 to create C57-IL-10 cells. The effect of IL-10 in the culture supernatant of these cells was then evaluated by determining changes in the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), and MIP-1beta by macrophages. The antiinflammatory effect of C57-IL-10 cells was also investigated using an in vivo model of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystal-induced acute inflammation. RESULTS The IL-10 gene transcript and its product were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The level of IL-10 in the culture supernatant of C57-IL-10 cells was estimated to be 50 ng/ml. The culture supernatant of these cells exerted the biologic activity of IL-10, showing inhibition of TNFalpha, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta production by macrophages. Injection of C57-IL-10 cells into murine air pouches significantly inhibited MSU crystal-induced cellular infiltration (P < 0.01) and production of the mouse CXC chemokine KC (P < 0.05). These findings were consistent with the results obtained by the injection of recombinant human IL-10 into air pouches. CONCLUSION In this murine air pouch model of MSU crystal-induced inflammation, IL-10 seemed to inhibit the recruitment of neutrophils at least partly by suppressing KC production. These findings seem to suggest that IL-10 gene therapy may be useful for inflammatory diseases.
Developing a taxonomy for research in adverse drug events: potholes and signposts

Computerized decision support and order entry shows great promise for reducing adverse drug events (ADEs). The evaluation of these solutions depends on a framework of definitions and classifications that is clear and practical. Unfortunately the literature does not always provide a clear path to defining and classifying adverse drug events. While not a systematic review, this paper uses examples from the literature to illustrate problems that investigators will confront as they develop a conceptual framework for their research. It also proposes a targeted taxonomy that can facilitate a clear and consistent approach to the research of ADEs and aid in the comparison to results of past and future studies. The taxonomy addresses the definition of ADE, types, seriousness, error, and causality.
The Pathomorphology of Malignant Catarrhal Fever

A histologic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of the vasculitis in the rete mirabile of 18 calves with experimental and two calves with spontaneous malignant catarrhal fever showed lesions similar to those reported in graft rejection and some other lymphocyte-associated vasculopathies. The calves were examined at early, mid and late stages of clinical disease. Vascular lesions in the carotid rete were representative of those in other tissues examined. The magnitude of the arterial wall mononuclear cell infiltrate and the degree of arterial wall necrosis and degeneration increased with progression of the clinical disease. The predominant site of mononuclear cell accumulation was the adventitia. There was less medial and intimal involvement. The mononuclear infiltrate was composed of lymphocytes and macrophages with neutrophils and plasma cells rarely present. Endothelial hyperplasia, fibrinoid change and thrombosis were uncommon. Many changes contrasted with those recognized in an active Arthus reaction where adventitial change was minimal and most inflammatory cells were neutrophils or plasma cells. IgG and C3 rarely were detected in vessel walls with fluorescent antibody techniques. Serum immunoglobulins as measured by radial immunodiffusion were not elevated. Viral structures were not seen in tissues examined ultrastructurally.
Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Increases Redox Stress and Moderately Accelerates the Development of Heart Failure

Background— Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the most common deficient enzyme in the world. In failing hearts, G6PD is upregulated and generates reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) that is used by the glutathione pathway to remove reactive oxygen species but also as a substrate by reactive oxygen species-generating enzymes. Therefore, G6PD deficiency might prevent heart failure by decreasing NADPH and reactive oxygen species production. Methods and Results— This hypothesis was evaluated in a mouse model of human G6PD deficiency (G6PDX mice, ≈40% normal activity). Myocardial infarction with 3 months follow-up resulted in left ventricular dilation and dysfunction in both wild-type and G6PDX mice but significantly greater end diastolic volume and wall thinning in G6PDX mice. Similarly, pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 6 weeks caused greater left ventricular dilation in G6PDX mice than wild-type mice. We further stressed transverse aortic constriction mice by feeding a high fructose diet to increase flux through G6PD and reactive oxygen species production and again observed worse left ventricular remodeling and a lower ejection fraction in G6PDX than wild-type mice. Tissue content of lipid peroxidation products was increased in G6PDX mice in response to infarction and aconitase activity was decreased with transverse aortic constriction, suggesting that G6PD deficiency increases myocardial oxidative stress and subsequent damage. Conclusions— Contrary to our hypothesis, G6PD deficiency increased redox stress in response to infarction or pressure overload. However, we found only a modest acceleration of left ventricular remodeling, suggesting that, in individuals with G6PD deficiency and concurrent hypertension or myocardial infarction, the risk for developing heart failure is higher but limited by compensatory mechanisms.
The origin of Granitic magmas: Skye and Rhum

Abstract A brief review of the field, petrographic, geochemical and experimental evidence bearing on the origin of granitic magmas in Skye and Rhum is presented. The conclusion is reached that they originated by fusion of Lewisian and Torridonian country rocks, the source of heat being the central basic/ultrabasic intrusions. This conclusion is at variance with Kleeman's recent suggestion in this Journal that these rocks formed from differentiated or contaminated and differentiated basic magmas.
Quantitative studies of terrestrial plasmaspheric dynamics enabled by the IMAGE spacecraft

Terrestrial plasmaspheric dynamics have been observed usi ng single satellite passes and long term statistical studies for many years all with in-situmeasurements. The EUV instrument aboard the IMAGE spacecraft provided global plasmasph eric data by imaging He-II at 30.4nm. The global imaging revealed significant dynamics odifying current theory and observing many new features. Global imaging removes any spa ce/time ambiguity and provides a regular high-quality data set ideal for correlative studies and region comparisons. This work presents several studies enabled by this global im ging: an empirical model of plasmapause position as a function of solar wind parameters , a derivation of the global magnetospheric convection electric field based on plasmasp heric feature tracking, and a study of plasmaspheric rotation and its associated ionosph eric ion drift signature. Using plasmapause position data extracted from inverted EUV imag es, the plasmapause position is found to be strongly correlated with the interplanetary m agnetic field (IMF)z-component and a magnetospheric merging proxy. Delay in the plasmapaus e response to the arrival of solar wind conditions at Earth is found to be 180 minutes fo r the IMF z-component while the delay from the arrival of the merging proxy is found to be 240 minutes. This result allows an upstream solar wind monitor such as ACE to en abl a simple prediction of the plasmapause location three hours in advance. Using in verted IMAGE-EUV data it is demonstrated that Alfvén layer boundary positions are su fficient to derive the magnetospheric convection electric field strength. This result pro vides a global imaging method to derive a parameter responsible for significant inner magnet ospheric dynamics. No ionospheric drift differences are found between corotating and sub-corotating plasmaspheric conditions; this is believed to be caused by an under-sampli ng in the drift measurement locations, highlighting the need for further exploration o f magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) coupling.
Hypoxia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico: Description, Causes and Change

Nutrient over-enrichment in many areas around the world is having pervasive ecological effects on coastal ecosystems. These effects include reduced dissolved oxygen in aquatic systems and subsequent impacts on living resources. The largest zone of oxygen-depleted coastal waters in the United States, and the entire western Atlantic Ocean, is found in the northern Gulf of Mexico on the Louisiana/Texas continental shelf influenced by the freshwater discharge and nutrient load of the Mississippi River system. The mid-summer bottom areal extent of hypoxic waters (< 2 mg l -1 O2) in 1985-1992 averaged 8,000 to 9,000 km 2 but increased to up to 16,000 to 20,000 km 2 in 1993-2000. Hypoxic waters are most prevalent from late spring through late summer, and hypoxia is more widespread and persistent in some years than in others. Hypoxic waters are distributed from shallow depths near shore (4 to 5 m) to as deep as 60 m water depth but more typically between 5 and 30 m. Hypoxia occurs mostly in the lower water column but encompasses as much as the lower half to two -thirds of the water column. The Mississippi River system is the dominant source of fresh water and nutrients to the northern Gulf of Mexico. Mississippi River nutrient concentrations and loading to the adjacent continental shelf have changed in the last half of the 20 th century. The average annual nitrate concentration doubled, and the mean silicate concentration was reduced by 50%. There is no doubt that the average concentration and flux of nitrogen (per unit volume discharge) increased from the 1950s to 1980s, especially in the spring. There is considerable evidence that nutrient enhanced primary production in the northern Gulf of Mexico is causally related to the oxygen depletion in the lower water column. Evidence from long-term data sets and the sedimentary record demonstrate that historic increases in riverine dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration and loads over the last 50 years are highly correlated with indicators of increased productivity in the overlying water column, i.e., eutrophication of the continental shelf waters, and subsequent worsening of oxygen stress in the bottom waters. Evidence associates increased coastal ocean productivity and worsening oxygen depletion with changes in landscape use and nutrient management that resulted in nutrient enrichment of receiving waters. Thus, nutrient flux to coastal systems has increased over time due to anthropogenic activities and has led to broad -scale degradation of the marine environment.