Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Policy responses to the closure of manufactured home parks in Oregon

i Dedication iii Acknowledgements iv List of Tables vi List of Figures vii Chapter 1:Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Research Design and Methods 8 Chapter 3: Literature Review 32 Chapter 4: Manufactured Housing, Its Residents and Its Place in Policy.61 Chapter 5: Oregon Manufactured Home Parks and Their Residents 108 Chapter 6: An Analysis of Park Closures in Oregon 2001-2007 124 Chapter 7: Manufactured Home Parks in Oregon’s Political Economy.144 Chapter 8: Manufactured Home Park Closures Enter the Political Agenda.180 Chapter 9: How Local Jurisdictions Responded: A Tale of Three Cities.204 Chapter 10: The Development of Legislative Proposals 228 Chapter 11: The 2007 Oregon Legislative Session 263 Chapter 12: Analysis of Significance of the Legislation 325 Chapter 13: Considerations for Future Policy Development 354 Chapter 14: Retrospect and Prospect 374 References 381 Appendices Appendix A: Data Accompanying Chapter 2 402 Appendix B: Data Accompanying Chapter 3 426 Appendix C: Data Accompanying Chapter 4 428 Appendix D: Data Accompanying Chapter 5 431 Appendix E: Data Accompanying Chapter 6 432 Appendix F: Data Accompanying Chapter 10 433 Appendix G: Data Accompanying Chapter 11 444 Appendix H: Data Accompanying Chapter 12 451
A ug 1 99 7 Symmetry and dynamics of a magnetic oscillator

We consider a permanent magnetic dipole in an oscillating magnetic field. This magnetic oscillator has two dynamical symmetries. With increasing the amplitude A of the magnetic field, dynamical behaviors associated with the symmetries are investigated. For small A, there exist symmetric states with respect to one of the two symmetries. However, such symmetric states lose their symmetries via symmetry-breaking pitchfork bifurcations and then the symmetry-broken states exhibit period-doubling transitions to chaos. Consequently, small chaotic attractors with broken symmetries appear. However, as A is further increased they merge into a large symmetric chaotic attractor via symmetry-restoring attractor-merging crisis. PACS numbers: 05.45. +b, 03.20. +i Typeset using REVTEX ∗Electronic address: sykim@cc.kangwon. ac.kr
Characterizing Musical Signals with Wigner-Ville Interferences

This paper presents a new characterization of musical signals which may lead to better understanding about how such signals are perceived. We first consider some signal analysis methods which facilitate measures of perceived qualities of music. More precisely, we consider a particular representation of signal energy on which to base a quantitative measure of sensory dissonance. After defining sensory dissonance in section 2.1, we describe a well known signal decomposition method, the matching pursuit. Thereafter, we consider one aspect of signal energy which has been largely ignored in the literature – the Wigner-Ville interferences. We explain why and how these interferences can be used as the basis for a dissonance characterization of a musical signal.
On the Boundaries of the Wrench-Closure Workspace of Planar Parallel Cable-Driven Mechanisms

The wrench-closure workspace of parallel cable-driven mechanisms is the set of poses for which any wrench can be produced at the end-effector by a set of a non-negative cable tensions. It is already known that the boundary of the constant-orientation wrench-closure workspace of a planar parallel cable-driven mechanism is composed of segments of conic sections. However, the relationship between the geometry of the mechanism and the types of these conic sections is unknown. This paper proposes a graphical method for determining the types of these conic sections. It is also shown that the proposed method can be applied to find the constant-orientation singularities of a 3-RPR planar parallel robot, since these contours correspond to the boundary segment of the analogous three-cable driven planar parallel mechanism.Copyright © 2010 by ASME
Hidden Markov model inference in an Associative memory architecture

We describe how an analog associative memory architecture can be used to infer time-variant states of a hidden Markov model (HMM), demonstrating computation of forward probabilities, backward probabilities, smoothing, and the Viterbi algorithm. This type of computing is well suited for implementation in array computing architectures, and the necessary elementary computations have been demonstrated in previous work. We consider the effect of limited accuracy in storage and computing elements on the inference reliability, and demonstrate that although the computation is iterative, reliable operation is not significantly affected by error accumulation.
A Practical Approach to Modeling and Extracting Information from Semantic Web Based on Microformats

The lowercase semantic web consists of web pages enriched with semantic special tags which are called microformats, and it is considered a pragmatic path to the Semantic Web. In this work, we present a practical approach for modeling (microformat based) semantic relations between web pages by means of classical graph like data structures, such as semantic networks. In order to provide categorization into the semantic network we implement the special set of entrance points to the semantic network, which are so-called, semantic indexes. Then we present an agent software approach to retrieve semantically related information between web pages, we describe the main modules and data structures of the process and finally we present snapshots of the tool.
Double Trouble: Does Co-Morbid Chronic Somatic Illness Increase Risk for Recurrence in Depression? A Systematic Review

Objective To perform a systematic review, and if possible a meta-analysis, to establish whether depressed patients with co-morbid chronic somatic illnesses are a high risk “double trouble” group for depressive recurrence. Method The databases PubMed, EMbase and PsycINFO were systematically searched until the 4th of December 2012 by using MeSH and free text terms. Additionally, reference lists of retrieved publications and treatment guidelines were reviewed, and experts were consulted. Inclusion criteria were: depression had to be measured at least twice during the study with qualified instruments and the chronic somatic illness had to be assessed by self-report or by a medical professional. Information on depressive recurrence was extracted and additionally risk ratios of recurrence were calculated. Results The search generated four articles that fulfilled our inclusion criteria. These studies showed no differences in recurrence over one- two- three- and 6.5 years of follow-up for a total of 2010 depressed patients of which 694 patients with a co-morbid chronic somatic illness versus 1316 patients without (Study 1: RR = 0.49, 95% CI, 0.17–1.41 at one year follow-up and RR = 1.37, 95% CI, 0.78–2.41 at two year follow-up; Study 2: RR = 0.94, 95% CI, 0.65–1.36 at two year follow-up; Study 3: RR = 1.15, 95% CI, 0.40–3.27 at one year follow-up; RR = 1.07, 95% CI, 0.48–2.42 at two year follow-up and RR = 0.99, 95% CI,0.55–1.77 at 6.5 years follow-up; Study 4: RR = 1.16, 95% CI, 0.86–1.57 at three year follow-up). Conclusion We found no association between a heightened risk for depressive recurrence and co-morbid chronic somatic illnesses. There is a need for more longitudinal studies to justify the current specific treatment advice such as long-term pharmacological maintenance treatment for this presumed “double trouble” group.
Supporting Bulk Data Transfers of High-End Applications with Guaranteed Completion Time

In high-end grid networks, distributed resources (scientific instruments, CPUs, storages, etc.) are interconnected to support computing-intensive and data-intensive applications, which often require reliable and efficient transfer of gigabits or even terabits of data among endpoints. To facilitate the efficient scheduling of endpoint resources, networks should provide a service which guarantees that a specified amount of data is transferred within a strict time window. Existing "FixRate-FixTime" resource reservation architectures such as IntServ/RSVP reserve for each flow a constant amount of resource from a specified starting time. Instead, a bulk data transfer can start at any time after its arrival, use any and even time variant bandwidth value, as long as it is completed before its deadline. This paper proposes a flexible "Multi-Interval" resource reservation approach, which divides the active window of a transfer into multiple sub-intervals, and reserves constant amount of resource in each of them. We identify a possible evolution path towards the proposed architecture, and use simulations to demonstrate the potential performance gain from increasing flexibility.
Modeling and Reconstruction of Multi-stage Attacks

This paper present a lightweight modeling technique that is suitable for attack description and reconstruction. It allows reconstruction of steps taken by the attacker during each stage using predefined attack ontology and traces left by the attacker. Simplicity and comprehensiveness of the proposed models makes them readable and appropriate for inclusion in incidence reports and investigation. At the same time given a predefined ontology the proposed modeling technique can be used to enhance reconstruction of attacks from forensic data.
Paradigmatic Perspectives and Self-Authorship: Implications for Theory, Research, and Praxis

Abstract:The perspectives undergirding student development theory have evolved over time, yet few scholars have examined how various paradigms influence a specific developmental theory. In this literature review, I explored how constructivism, social constructionism, critical paradigms, and critical constructivism have shaped the study of self-authorship. Then, I investigated if and how race, racism, power, privilege, and oppression were accounted for in the self-authorship literature. The findings of my systematic literature review revealed the need to reenvision the journey toward self-authorship in a manner that is conscious of identity and power. Implications for moving toward a critical constructivist refinement of self-authorship are included.
Distribution, clinicopathologic features and survival of breast cancer subtypes in Southern China

Breast cancer research and treatment by different subtypes is an inevitable trend. We investigated the clinicopathologic features and outcomes of different breast cancer subtypes in Southern China. A total of 5809 patients with invasive ductal carcinomas were identified. Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Her2/neu, and Ki‐67 proliferation index were used to classify cases into five molecular subtypes. Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival rates were analyzed retrospectively. Of all patients, 31.1% were luminal A subtype, 30.4% luminal B (high Ki‐67), 13.1% luminal B (Her2/neu+), 9.0% Her2/neu and 16.5% triple negative subtype. Luminal B (high Ki‐67) presented primarily in premenopausal patients with the lowest average age (43.0 years). Her2/neu positive tumors were more closely associated with aggressive features including increased tumor size, positive lymph node status and lymphvascular invasion (LVI). Triple negative subtype was characterized by poorer histologic grade. Her2/neu positive cases had presented the worst 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analyses of OS and DFS suggested that there were different negative prognostic factors for the five subtypes. The benefit of the cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5‐fluorouracil (5FU) (CMF) regimen was equal to that of anthracycline‐based and Taxane‐based regimens for patients with luminal A subtype and triple negative subtype, but inferior to anthracycline‐based and Taxane‐based regimens for those with two luminal B subtypes and Her2/neu subtype. The prognostic significance of traditional markers may differ among subtypes. This study revealed the distinct clinicopathologic characteristics, systemic therapy benefits, prognostic factors and survival rate among different breast cancer subtypes.
Expression of a long pentraxin, PTX3, by monocytes exposed to the mycobacterial cell wall component lipoarabinomannan

PTX3 is a prototypic long pentraxin composed of a C-terminal domain similar to those of classical pentraxins (e.g., C reactive protein) and an unrelated N-terminal portion. PTX3 is expressed in a variety of cell types, notably mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells, after exposure to the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). The present study was designed to assess whether mycobacterial components were able to induce expression and production of PTX3. Mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan (LAM) induced expression of PTX3 mRNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The non-mannose-capped version of lipoarabinomannan (AraLAM) was considerably more potent than the mannose-capped version ManLAM or the simpler version phosphatidylinositol mannoside. Among mononuclear cells, monocytes were responsible for LAM-induced PTX3 mRNA expression. Whole mycobacteria (Mycobacterium bovis BCG) strongly induced PTX3 expression. Pretreatment with actinomycin D abolished LAM-induced PTX3 expression, whereas cycloheximide only partially reduced the expression. LAM-induced PTX3 expression was associated with the production of immunoreactive PTX3. IL-10 and IL-13 did not inhibit the induction of PTX3 by LAM. Under the same conditions, these anti-inflammatory cytokines inhibited MCP-1 expression. In contrast, gamma interferon inhibited LAM-induced PTX3 expression. Thus, in addition to IL-1, TNF, and lipopolysaccharide, mycobacterial cell wall components also induce expression and production of the long pentraxin PTX3. The significance of PTX3 in the immunobiology of mycobacterial infection and its relevance in relation to clinical involvement remain to be determined.
Ploidy variation in multinucleate cells changes under stress

Aneuploidy and polyploidy can be beneficial or deleterious, depending on the context. In multinucleate fungal cells, mixed polyploidies can coexist in a common cytoplasm, but stress favors a return to haploid nuclei. Very low levels of aneuploidy are present, suggesting that there is limited buffering of ploidy variation despite a common cytosol.
College students in multimedia relationships: Choosing, using, and fusing communication technologies

This paper examines a population of residential American college students and how they integrate communication technologies—namely, landline and mobile telephones, email, and instant messaging—with conventional face-to-face communication to form “multimedia relationships. ” Primary research investigates the use of different modes of communication in an environment typified by choice, where all members of the population have relatively equal access to technology and the Internet in particular.
Application of Reinforcement Learning as a Tool of Adaptive Traffic Signal Control on Isolated Intersections

For a long time it was believed that the systems responding to real time traffic would enable significant benefits. However, numerous limitations have appeared such as the existence of the models with high level of detail precision, the uncertainty in predicting future traffic flows, the difficulty in arrival time estimation, the lack of self-adjusting mechanism. The difficulties in optimising the signal control strategy have initiated new researches. The results highlight the artificial intelligence methods as a possible solution. These systems are characterized with the ability to accumulate and use knowledge, set a problem, learn, process, conclude, solve the problem and exchange knowledge. The research presented in this paper proposes an adaptive signal control performed by a control agent able to adapt to an optimal policy by learning from the environment. The goal to be achieved is minimization of the delays in the system. First, the problem of reinforcement learning has been set. The first computation results of the Q-learning application for adaptive traffic signal control are presented. It is concluded that the results obtained are in favor of the adaptive signal control strategy compared to the fixed and actuated signal control.
Reforming Teacher Education: Something Old, Something New

Ch. 1. Introduction -- ch. 2. TNE in the context of the broader teacher education reform effort -- ch. 3. TNE's theory of change: assumptions, enabling factors, and potential outcomes -- ch. 4. Profiles of the TNE institutions -- ch. 5. Implementation progress and thoughts about sustainability of TNE -- ch. 6. Conclusions -- Appendix A. Teachers for a new era web sites -- Appendix B. Implementation progress: first cohort of grantees -- Appendix C. Second cohort of grantees: sites included in the national evaluation -- Appendix D. Second cohort of grantees: sites not included in the national evaluation -- Appendix E. Florida A&M University.
The Role of Fixed Fee and Royalty in Patent Licensing

We consider a monopolistic screening model of patent licensing. There is one patentee and one licensee and the patentee wishes to sell a patent of cost reducing technology to the licensee. The patentee is an outsider and the licensee is the only firm in the product market. The licensee possesses private information about the market demand which is unknown to the patentee except for some prior belief about it. In this scenario, we find the linear optimal licensing contract.
Multifunctional converter for power quality and power flow control in wind distributed generation systems directly connected to the grid

This paper presents a shunt-connected converter for interfacing a distributed generation system and the grid, with focus on uncontrolled small power wind generators. The objective is to show that the converter, with a suitable control strategy, is able to impose sinusoidal voltage and, in most cases, guarantee the compliance of the grid voltage with the THD standard levels. The strategy allows, simultaneously, the power flow regulation and current harmonic.
Induced Communities of Practice Enhance Organizational Performance – The Case of Lilly Critical Care Europe

This paper demonstrates how induced Communities of Practices (CoPs) can be initiated in combination with Customer Communities in order to increase profitability and develop a sustainable competitive advantage. The paper draws upon our experiences within Lilly Critical Care Europe 1 (Lilly CCE). The unique case study 2 highlights how induced CoPs were initiated to develop customer relevant competencies and transform them to customer solutions (i.e. internal integration) and how these experiences were leveraged to initiate Customer Communities (i.e. external integration). The investigation shows that Customer Community projects had a significant impact on European sales. During the initial 24 months, customers involved in community projects generated a sales increase that was 35.4 percent higher than the sales increase generated by customers not involved in such projects. Based on the findings, the paper presents critical success factors to be taken into consideration by other companies aiming at improving their integration through similar initiatives.
A Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Health Belief Model Variables in Predicting Behavior

The Health Belief Model (HBM; Rosenstock, 1966) was constructed to explain which beliefs should be targeted in communication campaigns to cause positive health behaviors. The model specifies that if individuals perceive a negative health outcome to be severe, perceive themselves to be susceptible to it, perceive the benefits to behaviors that reduce the likelihood of that outcome to be high, and perceive the barriers to adopting those behaviors to be low, then the behavior is likely for those individuals. A meta-analysis of 18 studies (2,702 subjects) was conducted to determine whether measures of these beliefs could longitudinally predict behavior. Benefits and barriers were consistently the strongest predictors. The length of time between measurement of the HBM beliefs and behavior, prevention versus treatment behaviors, and drug-taking regimens versus other behaviors were identified as moderators of the HBM variables' predictive power. Based on the weakness of two of the predictors, the continued use of the direct effects version of the HBM is not recommended.
Using Optimization Models for Scheduling in Enterprise Resource Planning Systems

Companies often use specially-designed production systems and change them from time to time. They produce small batches in order to satisfy specific demands with the least tardiness. This imposes high demands on high-performance scheduling algorithms which can be rapidly adapted to changes in the production system. As a solution, this paper proposes a generic approach: solutions were obtained using a widely-used commercially-available tool for solving linear optimization models, which is available in an Enterprise Resource Planning System (in the SAP system for example) or can be connected to it. In a real-world application of a flow shop with special restrictions this approach is successfully used on a standard personal computer. Thus, the main implication is that optimal scheduling with a commercially-available tool, incorporated in an Enterprise Resource Planning System, may be the best approach.
High-quality multimedia conferencing through a long-haul packet network

Desktop multimedia may be just the first step toward longdistance multimedia collaboration. This paper describes both the challenges and the opportunities of transmitting high-fidelity multimedia data streams though long distance packet networks, in the context of practical experience with a worldwide videoconference system that operates over a new internet with realtime transmission capabilities. This system conveys full-motion color images and sound at nearVCR quality and is currently in use both as a research testbed and as a production videoconferencing system. It is also designed to support less common shared media such as realtime simulations or digitized maps. Its implementation incorporates a number of unusual features including the adaptation of commercial codecs to a packetized network, use of the ST-II network protocol for bandwidth reservation and multicasting, an experimental media negotiation scheme, and a new “sticky” conference control protocol designed to minimize the effects of transient network failures and to scale up gracefully to large conferences.
A reconfigurable multistandard GNSS receiver setup operating in L1/L2 bands

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is widely used around the world. It includes services provided by GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO and BEIDOU. GNSS-based applications use GNSS receivers to collect position, velocity and time information. Thus, the implementation of a multistandard GNSS receiver brings enormous benefits to consumers of wireless services. Besides, developing a reconfigurable receiver allows reducing significantly its power consumption.
A Framework Based Approach for Workflow Software Development

The purpose of Workflow Software is to provide users with an environment in which they can manipulate and control all the data and tasks involved in achieving a predefined goal (main task). Some features as user-interface, persistency, online guidance and multi-user support, are all-important and should be present in the final software, to obtain a high level of usability. It is also important that the design of the software should take place in an environment that helps the designer to deal with the large amount of definitions obtained during the domain analysis phase and the gap between these definitions and the object oriented design model. This paper describes the main features of a tool to support a method that aids the designer to develop workflow software.