Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HIV-1/HBV Coinfection Accurate Multitarget Prediction Using a Graph Neural Network-Based Ensemble Predicting Model

HIV and HBV infection are both serious public health challenges. There are more than approximately 4 million patients coinfected with HIV and HBV worldwide, and approximately 5% to 15% of those infected with HIV are coinfected with HBV. Disease progression is more rapid in patients with coinfection, which significantly increases the likelihood of patients progressing from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HIV treatment is complicated by drug interactions, antiretroviral (ARV) hepatotoxicity, and HBV-related immune reconditioning and inflammatory syndromes. Drug development is a highly costly and time-consuming procedure with traditional experimental methods. With the development of computer-aided drug design techniques, both machine learning and deep learning have been successfully used to facilitate rapid innovations in the virtual screening of candidate drugs. In this study, we proposed a graph neural network-based molecular feature extraction model by integrating one optimal supervised learner to replace the output layer of the GNN to accurately predict the potential multitargets of HIV-1/HBV coinfections. The experimental results strongly suggested that DMPNN + GBDT may greatly improve the accuracy of binary-target predictions and efficiently identify the potential multiple targets of HIV-1 and HBV simultaneously.
An extension of the Lattice Boltzmann Method for simulating turbulent flows around rotating geometries of arbitrary shape

A Multi-Relaxation-Time Lattice-Boltzmann Method (MRT-LBM) is proposed for simulating unsteady three-dimensional turbulent flows. Turbulence modeling is performed with a state-of-the-art Large-Eddy-Simulation (LES) approach based on a explicit subgrid-scale model within the LBM framework. Additionally, a computational technique for treating rotating geometries is presented, which is based on an interpolation technique for the boundary fluid-cell interface. A two dimensional double shear layer and a three-dimensional Taylor-Green vortex will be testcases for the MRT scheme. Beyond this, the MRT scheme including the turbulence model will be validated with a two dimensional flow around a square cylinder at low and high Reynolds numbers. Results of the vorticity field and the global Strouhal number of the detaching flow will be shown for the square cylinder. The laminar flow around a rotating cylinder is simulated with an interpolation based technique and results of the drag and lift coefficient will be shown and compared to reference cases. Finally, the three-dimensional flow at high Reynolds numbers around a rotating cylinder will be presented, which includes both techniques for turbulence modeling and complex boundary treatment.
The role of preoperative biliary drainage on postoperative outcome after pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with obstructive jaundice

Background The role of preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) on obstructive jaundice patients is still controversial. The aim of this retrospective study is to clarify the effect of PBD on postoperative outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and explore a reasonable PBD strategy for periampullary carcinomas (PAC) patients with obstructive jaundice before surgery. Methods A total of 148 patients with obstructive jaundice who underwent PD were enrolled in this research and divided into drainage group and no-drainage group according to whether they received PBD. Patients who received PBD were classified into long-term group (>2 weeks) and short-term group (≤2 weeks) according to PBD duration. The clinical data of patients were statistically compared between groups to explore the influence of PBD and its duration. Analysis of pathogens in bile and peritoneal fluid was performed to probe the role of bile pathogens in opportunistic pathogenic bacterial infection after PD. Results Of all, 98 patients underwent PBD. The mean duration between drainage and surgery was 13 days. Regarding postoperative outcomes, the incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal infection was significantly higher in the drainage group than the no-drainage group (P=0.026). In patients with total bilirubin (TB) less than 250 µmol/L, postoperative intra-abdominal infection was more frequently observed in the drainage group compared to the no-drainage group (P=0.022). Compared to the short-term drainage group, the proportion of positive ascites culture was significantly higher in the long-term drainage group (P=0.022). There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative complications between short-term group and no-drainage group. The most frequent pathogens detected in bile were Klebsiella pneumoniae, hemolytic Streptococcus and Enterococcus faecalis. The most commonly detected pathogens in peritoneal fluid were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis which appeared to have a high agreement with pathogens in preoperative bile cultures. Conclusions Routine PBD should not be performed in obstructive jaundice PAC patients with TB less than 250 µmol/L. For patients with indications for PBD, the drainage duration should be controlled within 2 weeks. Bile bacteria may represent a major source of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria infection after PD.
Joint Secure Transceiver Design for an Untrusted MIMO Relay Assisted Over-the-Air Computation Networks With Perfect and Imperfect CSI

In this paper, we investigate the physical layer security of an untrusted relay assisted over-the-air computation (AirComp) network, where each node is equipped with multiple antennas and the relay is operated in an amplify-and-forward mode. The relay receives the data from each sensor and sends them to the access point (AP) in the first and second time slot, respectively. The AP applies artificial noise (AN) to protect the aggregation of sensors’ data from being wiretapped by the untrusted relay in the first time slot. In particular, we are interested in minimizing the computation distortion measured by the mean-squared error (MSE) via jointly optimizing beamforming matrices at all nodes, subject to the MSE constraint at the relay and individual power constraints at the AP, the relay and each sensor. In the case of the perfect channel state information (CSI), we convert the nonconvex MSE minimization problem into a difference-of-convex (DC) form and propose a constrained concave-convex procedure that can obtain a local minimum to solve the DC problem. We also generalize the framework to an imperfect CSI case where the additional interference term due to incomplete interference cancellation is considered, and the nonconvex robust MSE minimization problem is solved by a proposed inexact block coordinate descent algorithm. Numerical results are presented to show the effectiveness of our proposed schemes.
Removal of Methylene Blue and Congo Red Using a Chitosan–Graphene Oxide-Electrosprayed Functionalized Polymeric Nanofiber Membrane

Untreated textile effluent may contain toxic organic pollutants that can have negative impacts on the ecosystem. Among the harmful chemicals present in dyeing wastewater, there are two frequently used organic dyes: methylene blue (cationic) and congo red (anionic). The current study presents investigations on a novel two-tier nanocomposite membrane, i.e., a top layer formed of electrosprayed chitosan–graphene oxide and a bottom layer consisting of an ethylene diamine functionalized polyacrylonitrile electrospun nanofiber for the simultaneous removal of the congo red and methylene blue dyes. The fabricated nanocomposite was characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Drop Shape Analyzer. Isotherm modeling was used to determine the efficiency of dye adsorption for the electrosprayed nanocomposite membrane and the confirmed maximum adsorptive capacities of 182.5 mg/g for congo red and 219.3 mg/g for methylene blue, which fits with the Langmuir isotherm model, suggesting uniform single-layer adsorption. It was also discovered that the adsorbent preferred an acidic pH level for the removal of congo red and a basic pH level for the removal of methylene blue. The gained results can be a first step for the development of new wastewater cleaning techniques.
Applicability of Four Parameter Viscoelastic Model for Longitudinal Wave Propagation in Non-Homogeneous Rods

This study is concerned to check the validity of a four parameter viscoelastic model for longitudinal wave propagating in the non-homogeneous viscoelastic rods of varying density. The rods are assumed to be initially unstressed and at rest. In this study, it is assumed that density ''  , rigidity '' G and viscosity ''  of the specimen i.e. rod are space dependent and obey the laws 1 2 0 , x e    2 2 0 x GG e   and 3 2 0 x e    . The method of non-linear partial differential equation (Eikonal equation) has been used for finding the dispersion equation of longitudinal waves in rods. A method for treating reflection at the free end of the finite nonhomogeneous viscoelastic rod is also presented. All the three cases taken in this study are discussed graphically by using MATLAB.
Offset-Canceling Current-Latched Sense Amplifier With Slow Rise Time Control and Reference Voltage Biasing Techniques

The current-latched sense amplifier (CLSA) is a promising candidate for detecting stored values in a memory cell. With technology shrinks, however, the input referred offset voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {OS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) in the SA increases, resulting in a degradation of the memory read yield. To obtain a high read yield, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {OS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> reduction and cancellation techniques have become essential in deep-submicrometer technology nodes. When determining the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {OS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the CLSA, the voltage mismatch of the input NMOS pair is the dominant factor (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>75%), followed by that of the latch NMOS pair (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim $ </tex-math></inline-formula>25%). In this paper, 1) slow rise time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{\mathrm {RISE}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) control technique of SA enable signal and 2) reference voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {REF}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) biasing technique are proposed, and the effectiveness of the proposed techniques are analyzed for the conventional CLSA with footswitch (FS-CLSA) and offset-canceling CLSA (OC-CLSA). Post-layout based HSPICE simulation results using 28 nm model parameters show that the FS-CLSA with size-up strategy (OC-CLSA) achieves a 17.7% (10.5%) reduction of the standard deviation of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {OS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma _{\mathrm {OS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) when a slow <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{\mathrm {RISE}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 0.6 ns is employed. The measurement results from a 28 nm test chip show that the OC-CLSA with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{\mathrm {REF}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> biasing achieves a 22% reduction of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sigma _{\mathrm {OS}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> compared to the conventional OC-CLSA.
Effect of a Multispecies Synbiotic Supplementation on Body Composition, Antioxidant Status, and Gut Microbiomes in Overweight and Obese Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Studies investigating the effect of multispecies synbiotic supplementation in obesity management are limited. The current study was performed to evaluate the effects of multispecies probiotics mixed with fructooligosaccharides on body composition, antioxidant status, and gut microbiome composition in overweight and obese individuals. We employed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial design, in which 63 individuals aged 18–45 years were assigned to receive either a synbiotic supplement or placebo for 12 weeks. The synbiotic group consumed a daily dose of 37 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) of a unique blend of seven different probiotics, along with 2 g of fructooligosaccharides, while the placebo group consumed 2 g of maltodextrin daily. Assessments were performed at baseline, week 6, and the end of the study. The results of the study indicated that synbiotic supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in waist circumference and body fat percentage compared to the baseline measurements, as observed at 12 weeks. At the end of the study, there were no significant differences observed in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, or percentage of body fat between the synbiotic group and the placebo group. An analysis of plasma antioxidant capacity revealed that synbiotic supplementation caused a significant increase in Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and a concomitant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) in the test group when compared to the placebo. For the gut microbiota analysis, synbiotic supplementation significantly decreased Firmicutes abundance and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio at week 12 as compared to the placebo group. Nevertheless, the synbiotic group did not exhibit any substantial alterations in other biochemical blood parameters compared to the placebo group. These findings suggest that multispecies synbiotic supplementation could be a beneficial strategy to improve body composition, antioxidant status, and gut microbiome composition in overweight and obese subjects.
A two time slot beam training scheme for massive MIMO systems

In future communication systems, in order to improve the channel capacity, high frequency communication (i.e. mmWave communication / THz communication) has drawn a lot of attention. The high frequency signals suffer from a severe path loss. Fortunately, massive MIMO has been proposed to realize directional beam with a high array gain to compensate for the high path loss. In order to realize accurate beamforming, the Channel State Information (CSI) is of vital importance. One traditional method of acquiring the CSI is beam training, where the whole space is searched by a series of pre-designed codewords in the codebook, and the codeword with the maximum received power is selected as the direction of the users. However, the performance of this beam training method is limited to the angle resolution of the codewords, and the beam training overhead will increase with the increment of antenna numbers. In this paper, we propose a novel beam training scheme, which can finish the beam training in only two time slots, and the accuracy of the proposed beam training scheme is unrelated to the angle-resolution of the codewords. Simulation results show that the proposed method can reach the near-optimal beam training performance with a very low beam training overhead.
Distribution of Matchings in Myerson's Network Formation Model

Consider a population of n players playing a variant of Myerson’s network formation model. Each player simultaneously chooses k other players he would want to be connected to. If two players are in each other’s choice set, a matching occurs. We call the outcome of the network formation model a k-uniform Myerson graph and study the distribution of matchings on such graphs with homogeneous and heterogeneous populations.
Critical behaviour of optical birefringence in the vicinity of nematic–isotropic and smectic A–isotropic phase transitions of the eight members of alkyloxy-cyanobiphenyls

ABSTRACT We report the measurements of birefringence (Δn) as a function of the temperature of a homologous series of alkyloxy-cyanobiphenyls (nOCB) liquid crystalline compounds by means of high-resolution optical transmission method. The temperature dependence of the birefringence has been determined from the transmitted intensity data for two different wavelengths. The order parameter critical exponent β, obtained by using a four-parameter fitting procedure consistent with the mean-field theory for a weakly first order transition, is found to be in good agreement with the theoretically predicted tricritical value. A weak birefringence has been found to develop on approaching the clearing temperature, which is tentatively attributed to the formation of a small mesophase domain within the isotropic phase. This striking behaviour leads to a further quantification of the critical fluctuation close to the transition. Finally, the order character of the nematic–isotropic (N–I) and smectic A–isotropic (SmA–I) phase transitions have been assessed by using the birefringence data. The critical exponent α (usually assigned to the heat capacity) extracted from Δn data describes the critical nature of N–I and SmA–I transitions and strongly supports the tricritical nature of the same. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Ecological impact assessment of dam construction: A case study of Diamer Basha Dam Gilgit‐Baltistan, Pakistan

Dam construction poses significant ecological impact, both during the initial construction phase and long after the dam is completed. The Diamer Basha Dam, situated on the River Indus in the Gilgit‐Baltistan district of Pakistan, is receiving significant attention due to the ecological consequences of the proposed and ongoing construction. The Dam is a 272‐m‐tall reservoir with a 9867.912 Mm3 (million cubic meter) capacity and will be the world's highest roller compact concrete dam. The assessment of local ecological impacts was compiled in a checklist and matrices format to discuss the impacts on the status of species diversity in the study area. Using a random sample methodology, line transects, and quadrats were employed to evaluate phytosociological properties of vegetation. The floral parameters recorded were percent cover, species richness, vegetation composition, frequency, and density. The ecological analysis included principal component analysis to compare the distributions of sustained and lost vegetation in response to water flow variables. This research showed that several plant species withstand periods of high peak flow, like Salix tetrasperma, Rumex dentatis, Trifolium resupinatum, and Polygonum. Additionally, visual observations, plot surveys, transects, and published reports were used to compile the faunal data used to determine habitat distribution. According to the analysis, immediate effects of dam construction activities such as blasting, quarrying, and traffic noise cause severe disturbances to existing biodiversity and habitats with high ecological vulnerability, and have long‐term effects on ecological integrity and environmental health in downstream and upstream habitats. The study presents the present status of biological and ecological conditions, as a baseline reference datum for a comparative analysis of the changes caused by the dam's construction.
Robust estimation of complicated profiles using wavelets

ABSTRACT Some quality characteristics are well defined when treated as the response variables and their relationships are identified to some independent variables. This relationship is called a profile. The parametric models, such as linear models, may be used to model the profiles. However, due to the complexity of many processes in practical applications, it is inappropriate to model the process using parametric models. In these cases non parametric methods are used to model the processes. One of the most applicable non parametric methods used to model complicated profiles is the wavelet. Many authors considered the use of the wavelet transformation only for monitoring the processes in phase II. The problem of estimating the in-control profile in phase I using wavelet transformation is not deeply addressed. Usually classical estimators are used in phase I to estimate the in-control profiles, even when the wavelet transformation is used. These estimators are suitable if the data do not contain outliers. However, when the outliers exist, these estimators cannot estimate the in-control profile properly. In this research, a robust method of estimating the in-control profiles is proposed, which is insensitive to the presence of outliers and could be applied when the wavelet transformation is used. The proposed estimator is the combination of the robust clustering and the S-estimator. This estimator is compared with the classical estimator of the in-control profile in the presence of outliers. The results from a large simulation study show that using the proposed method, one can estimate the in-control profile precisely when the data are contaminated either locally or globally.
Agentless Approach for Security Information and Event Management in Industrial IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) provides ease of real-time communication in homes, industries, health care, and many other dependable and interconnected sectors. However, in recent years, smart infrastructure, including cyber-physical industries, has witnessed a severe disruption of operation due to privilege escalation, exploitation of misconfigurations, firmware hijacking, malicious node injection, botnets, and other malware infiltrations. The proposed agentless module for Wazuh security information and event management (SIEM) solution contributes to securing small- to large-scale IoT networks of industry 4.0. An agentless module is implemented by vigilantly examining the IoT device traffic without installing any agent or software on the endpoints. In the proposed research scheme, a module sniffs the network traffic of IoT devices captured from the gateway and passes it to a machine learning model for initial detection and prediction. The output of the ML model is embedded in the JSON log format and passed through the Wazuh agent to the Wazuh server where a decoder is added that decodes the network traffic logs. For event monitoring in Wazuh, industrial protocols are also thoroughly analyzed, and the feature set is determined. These features are used to write rules which are tested on the SWaT dataset, utilizing a common industrial protocol (CIP) for communication. Custom and dynamic rules are written at the Wazuh end to generate alerts to respond to any anomaly detected by the machine learning (ML) model or in the protocols used. Finally, in case of any event or an attack is detected, the alerts are fired on the Wazuh dashboard. This agentless SIEM solution has practical implications for the security of the industrial control systems of industry 4.0.