Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Applications of SHOP and SHOP2

We design the simple hierarchical ordered planner (SHOP) and its successor, SHOP2, with two goals in mind: to investigate research issues in automated planning and to provide some simple, practical planning tools. SHOP and SHOP2 are based on a planning formalism called hierarchical task network planning. SHOP and SHOP2 use a search-control strategy called ordered task decomposition, which breaks tasks into subtasks and generates the plan's actions in the same order that the plan executor executes them. So, throughout the planning process, the planner can tell what the state of the world at each step of the plan.
Floer theory and low dimensional topology

The new 3and 4-manifold invariants recently constructed by Ozsváth and Szabó are based on a Floer theory associated with Heegaard diagrams. The following notes try to give an accessible introduction to their work. In the first part we begin by outlining traditional Morse theory, using the Heegaard diagram of a 3-manifold as an example. We then describe Witten’s approach to Morse theory and how this led to Floer theory. Finally, we discuss Lagrangian Floer homology. In the second part, we define the Heegaard Floer complexes, explaining how they arise as a special case of Lagrangian Floer theory. We then briefly describe some applications, in particular the new 4manifold invariant, which is conjecturally just the Seiberg–Witten invariant. 1. The Floer complex This section begins by outlining traditional Morse theory, using the Heegaard diagram of a 3-manifold as an example. It then describes Witten’s approach to Morse theory, a finite dimensional precursor of Floer theory. Finally, it discusses Lagrangian Floer homology. This is fundamental to Ozsváth and Szabó’s work; their Heegaard Floer theory is a special case of this general construction. Readers wanting more detail should consult Ozsváth and Szabó’s excellent recent survey article [28]. Since this also contains a comprehensive bibliography, we give rather few references here. 1.1. Classical Morse theory. Morse theory attempts to understand the topology of a space X by using the information provided by real valued functions f : X → R. In the simplest case, X is a smooth m-dimensional manifold, compact and without boundary, and we assume that f is generic and smooth. This means that its critical points p are isolated and there is a local normal form: in suitable local coordinates x1, . , xm near the critical point p = 0 the function f may be written as f(x) = −x1 − · · · − xi + xi+1 + · · · + xm. The number of negative squares occurring here is independent of the choice of local coordinates and is called the Morse index ind(p) of the critical point. Received by the editors November 30, 2004, and, in revised form, June 1, 2005. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 57R57, 57M27, 53D40, 14J80.
Triboelectric Phenomena in Suction-Type Dilute-Phase Pneumatic Transportation Systems for Granular Plastics

The triboelectric phenomena related to particle-to-particle and particle-to-wall impacts are known to affect the efficiency of suction-type dilute-phase transport systems. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effects of two factors: the granular material feed rate and the aspirating air flow rate. The study was conducted with mm-size ABS and HIPS particles, two granular materials originating from genuine information technology (IT) wastes. The tribocharging processes in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and aluminum pipes were modeled using the response surface method of experimental design. An induction-type sensor connected to an electrometer has been employed for the measurement of the charge imparted to a well-defined section of the duct, which is equal to the charge transferred to the particles passing through that section of the pneumatic transport system. The measured data were processed by a virtual instrument developed in LabVIEW and then analyzed using commercial software (MODDE 5.0, Umetrics, Sweden). Under the specific conditions of the experiments described in this paper, the charge/mass ratio of the processed particles was found to increase with the aspirating air speed, but was less affected by the granular material feed rate. It was concluded that the appropriate design of the transport system might provide an effective precharging of the granular mixtures of insulating materials that are processed in standard triboelectrostatic separators.
Decay rates of fixed planes and closed string tachyons on unstable orbifolds

We consider closed-string tachyon condensation in the twisted sectors on the C/Z2n+1 × R 7,1 orbifold. We calculate the localized energy density in the fixed plane on the orbifold at the one-loop level, and we obtain the decay rate per unit volume of the fixed plane to leading order. We show that the decay rate increases monotonically as a function of n.
A general computation rule for lossy summaries/messages with examples from equalization

Elaborating on prior work by Minka, we formu- late a general computation rule for lossy messages. An impor- tant special case (with many applications in communications) is the conversion of "soft-bit" messages to Gaussian messages. By this method, the performance of a Kalman equalizer is improved, both for uncoded and coded transmission.
Laminated paper counting algorithm based on compressive sensing and hough transform

According to the problem that conventional laminated paper counting algorithms have some unavoidable shortcomings such as high dependence on the quality of laminated paper and noise sensitivity, we propose a laminated paper counting algorithm based on compressive sensing (CS) and Hough transform (HT). In the proposed algorithm, the over-complete dictionary which is created by dispersing the Hough transform space of straight lines acts as the sparse matrix. Making use of high degree of sparse nature of the laminated paper image, we can obtain the accurate result through using CS theory. Experimental results on simulation images and laminated paper images have shown that our proposed algorithm can effectively restrain noise of the laminated paper image, and will get accurate experimental results with fewer CS measurements.
Mineral Oil Aspiration Related Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

We describe the development of rheumatoid factor-positive migratory polyarthritis in a 5-year-old male who had been administered bidaily oral mineral oil as a laxative since birth. Minor respiratory symptoms, radiographic and bronchoscopic findings were consistent with chronic lipoid pneumonia. We speculate that immune sensitization to mineral oil promoted the clinical syndrome of juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Carsim : un syst`eme pour convertir des textes en sc`enes tridimensionnelles anim´ees Carsim: A System to Convert Texts into Animated 3D Scenes

This paper describes a system to convert written descriptions of car accident reports into animated 3D scenes. Des-criptions are short narratives written by one of the drivers after the accident. The text-to-scene conversion process consists of two stages. An information extraction sys-tem creates a tabular description of the accident and a visual simulator generates and animates the scene. We ﬁrst outline the structure of the text-to-scene conversion and the template structure. We then describe the information extraction system: the detection of the static objects and the vehicles, their initial directions, the chain of events and the collisions. We succinctly present the visualization module. We show snapshots of the car animation output and we conclude with the results we obtained.
Psychological roles of young adults growing up in alcoholic and non-alcoholic families measured by Family Roles Questionnaire

Introduction: This paper presents the process of developing the Family Roles Questionnaire (FRQ) research tool, which measures the psychological roles played by young adults in their families. Material and methods: Following WegscheiderCruse roles/research scales of Hero, Mascot, Lost Child, and Scapegoat were distinguished. The role/scale of Iron Child was added to indicate an individual who doesn’t suffer any obvious mental damage despite growing in dysfunctional environment on the basis of multiple reports from the resilience trend. Psychometric verification has shown high Cronbach’s α reliability index, confirmatory factor analysis has shown sufficient match of tested model with data coming from Polish study sample within the domain of construct validity. Streszczenie
Towards P = NP via k-SAT: A k-SAT Algorithm Using Linear Algebra on Finite Fields

The problem of P vs. NP is very serious, and solutions to the problem can help save lives. This article is an attempt at solving the problem using a computer algorithm. It is presented in a fashion that will hopefully allow for easy understanding for many people and scientists from many diverse fields. In technical terms, a novel method for solving k-SAT is explained. This method is primarily based on linear algebra and finite fields. Evidence is given that this method may require rougly O(n^3) time and space for deterministic models. More specifically the algorithm runs in time O(P V(n+V)^2) with mistaking satisfiable Boolean expressions as unsatisfiable with an approximate probablity 1 / \Theta(V(n+V)^2)^P, where n is the number of clauses and V is the number of variables. It's concluded that significant evidence exists that P=NP. There is a forum devoted to this paper at this http URL All are invited to correspond here and help with the analysis of the algorithm. Source code for the associated algorithm can be found at this https URL
Caffeic Acid Phenylethyl Amide Protects against the Metabolic Consequences in Diabetes Mellitus Induced by Diet and Streptozocin

Caffeic acid phenyl ester is distributed wildly in nature and has antidiabetic and cardiovascular protective effects. However, rapid decomposition by esterase leads to its low bioavailability in vivo. In this study, chronic metabolic and cardiovascular effects of oral caffeic acid phenylethyl amide, whose structure is similar to caffeic acid phenyl ester and resveratrol, were investigated in ICR mice. We found that caffeic acid phenylethyl amide protected against diet or streptozocin-induced metabolic changes increased coronary flow and decreased infarct size after global ischemia-reperfusion in Langendorff perfused heart. Further study indicated that at least two pathways might be involved in such beneficial effects: the induction of the antioxidant protein MnSOD and the decrease of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα and NFκB in the liver. However, the detailed mechanisms of caffeic acid phenylethyl amide need further studies. In summary, this study demonstrated the protective potential of chronic treatment of caffeic acid phenylethyl amide against the metabolic consequences in diabetes mellitus.
Improving intergroup relations using positive warmth and competence messages with strong or less strong proponents of the European Union

The Netherlands has always been seen as a tolerant country that is open to freedom and equal rights, but lately has been polarising into anti- and pro-European Union groups. A study has shown that by using positive messages with the warmth and competence dimensions of social cognition intergroup relations between advantaged and disadvantaged groups can be improved. In this study we try to improve the intergroup relations between strong and less strong (or not at all) proponents of the European Union, where strong proponents are seen as advantaged and less strong as disadvantaged. Participants read an article that disadvantaged less strong proponents of the European Union, read a positive message from someone who is in their outgroup that emphasizes on either the warmth or competence traits of the participants in-group and their attitude towards the outgroup was measured. This did not show that messages that emphasize on the warmth or competence, can improve the attitudes towards other groups with people that are strong or less strong proponents of the European Union.
Axons find their way in the snow

In February 2009, Keystone, Colorado, hosted the third Symposium on `Axonal Connections: Molecular Cues for Development and Regeneration', organized by Marie Filbin, John Flanagan and Liqun Luo. Researchers from diverse backgrounds spent the week discussing the latest findings in axon guidance, synapse formation, dendrite development and axon regeneration. The meeting was held jointly with another Keystone Symposium on `Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Molecular Mechanisms', and the two meetings profited from the lively discussions fuelled with questions from both fields in the joint sessions, which featured topics of common interest, such as axon degeneration, regeneration and neural stem cells.
Insanity Plea: A Review of the Research Literature

This article summarizes the limited number of data-based research studies relating to the insanity plea that are to be found in the literature. Although some tentative conclusions might be made concerning some aspects of the plea's operation, the limited data base available makes these conclusions highly tentative and demonstrates the need of much further research in this area.
The Use of Bioinformatics for Studying HIV Evolutionary and Epidemiological History in South America

The South American human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic is driven by several subtypes (B, C, and F1) and circulating and unique recombinant forms derived from those subtypes. Those variants are heterogeneously distributed around the continent in a country-specific manner. Despite some inconsistencies mainly derived from sampling biases and analytical constrains, most of studies carried out in the area agreed in pointing out specificities in the evolutionary dynamics of the circulating HIV-1 lineages. In this paper, we covered the theoretical basis, and the application of bioinformatics methods to reconstruct the HIV spatial-temporal dynamics, unveiling relevant information to understand the origin, geographical dissemination and the current molecular scenario of the HIV epidemic in the continent, particularly in the countries of Southern Cone.
Fgf and Sdf-1 Pathways Interact during Zebrafish Fin Regeneration

The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) was originally identified as a pre-B cell stimulatory factor but has been recently implicated in several other key steps in differentiation and morphogenesis. In addition, SDF1 as well as FGF signalling pathways have recently been shown to be involved in the control of epimorphic regeneration. In this report, we address the question of a possible interaction between the two signalling pathways during adult fin regeneration in zebrafish. Using a combination of pharmaceutical and genetic tools, we show that during epimorphic regeneration, expression of sdf1, as well as of its cognate receptors, cxcr4a, cxcr4b and cxcr7 are controlled by FGF signalling. We further show that, Sdf1a negatively regulates the expression of fgf20a. Together, these results lead us to propose that: 1) the function of Fgf in blastema formation is, at least in part, relayed by the chemokine Sdf1a, and that 2) Sdf1 exerts negative feedback on the Fgf pathway, which contributes to a transient expression of Fgf20a downstream genes at the beginning of regeneration. However this feedback control can be bypassed since the Sdf1 null mutants regenerate their fin, though slower. Very few mutants for the regeneration process were isolated so far, illustrating the difficulty in identifying genes that are indispensable for regeneration. This observation supports the idea that the regeneration process involves a delicate balance between multiple pathways.
Nonlinear decision boundaries for testing analog circuits

A neural classifier that learns to separate the nominal from the faulty instances of a circuit in a measurement space is developed. Experimental evidence, which demonstrates that the required separation boundaries are, in general, nonlinear, is presented. Unlike previous solutions that build hyperplanes, the proposed classifier is capable of drawing nonlinear hypersurfaces. A new circuit instance is classified through a simple test, which examines the location of its measurement pattern with respect to these hypersurfaces. The classifier is trained through an algorithm that probably converges to the optimal separation boundary. Additionally, a feature selection algorithm interacts with the classifier to identify a discriminative low-dimensional measurement vector. Despite employing only a few measurements, the test criteria established by the neural classifier are strongly correlated to the performance parameters of the circuit and do not rely on a presumed fault model.
A 10-Bit 0.5 V 100 KS/S SAR ADC with a New rail-to-rail Comparator for Energy Limited Applications

In this paper, a 10-bit 0.5 V 100 kS/s successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a new fully dynamic rail-to-rail comparator is presented. The proposed comparator enhances the input signal range to the rail-to-rail mode, and hence, improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the ADC in low supply voltages. The effect of the latch offset voltage is reduced by providing a higher voltage gain in the regenerative latch. To reduce the ADC power consumption further, the binary-weighted capacitive array with an attenuation capacitor (BWA) is employed as the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in this design. The ADC is designed and simulated in a 90 nm CMOS process with a single 0.5 V power supply. Spectre simulation results show that the average power consumption of the proposed ADC is about 400 nW and the peak signal-to-noise plus distortion ratio (SNDR) is 56 dB. By considering 10% increase in total ADC power consumption due to the parasitics and a loss of 0.22 LSB in ENOB due to the DAC capacitors mismatch, the achieved figure of merit (FoM) is 11.4 fJ/conversion-step.
Implementation and Evaluation of an Enhanced H-tree Layout Pedigree Visualization

The constant growth of available genealogical information has encouraged the research of visualization techniques capable of representing the corresponding large amount of data. An H-Tree Layout has been recently proposed to represent pedigree data as a way to overcome some of the limitations of traditional representations. However, this new method has its own limitations which may hinder its adoption. In this paper, we propose some enhancements to the H-Tree Layout pedigree visualization method in order to overcome some of the identified limitations. An implementation of the proposed enhancements and results of a preliminary evaluation are also provided.
Genetic Algorithms with Automatic Accelerated Termination

The standard versions of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) have two main drawbacks: unlearned termination criteria and slow convergence. Although several attempts have been made to modify the original versions of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs), only very few of them have considered the issue of their termination criteria. In general, EAs are not learned with automatic termination criteria, and they cannot decide when or where they can terminate. On the other hand, there are several successful modifications of EAs to overcome their slow convergence. One of the most effective modifications is Memetic Algorithms. In this paper, we modify genetic algorithm (GA), as an example of EAs, with new termination criteria and acceleration elements. The proposed method is called GA with Automatic Accelerated Termination (G3AT). In the G3AT method, Gene Matrix (GM) is constructed to equip the search process with a self-check to judge how much exploration has been done. Moreover, a special mutation operation called “Mutagenesis” is defined to achieve more efficient and faster exploration and exploitation processes. The computational experiments show the efficiency of the G3AT method, especially the proposed termination criteria. Keywords—Genetic Algorithms, Evolutionary Algorithms Termination Criteria, Mutagenesis, Global optimization,
Factors Influencing Teacher Turnover in Public Secondary Schools: A Case of Makadara District, Nairobi County

Employees are valuable assets of an organization and the organization should protect its vital resource. However, the management at times fails to provide supportive work culture and environment in terms of personal and professional relationship leading to workers dissatisfaction and eventual turnover. Turnover of teachers in Kenya is a major challenge as it negatively affects the delivery of quality education. Failure to address this issue in public secondary schools would trickle down to the students and negatively affect their performance, The primary purpose of the study therefore was to identify factors that influence teacher turnover in public secondary schools. The specific objectives of the study were; to establish how career development contributes towards teacher turnover in secondary schools; determine the extent to which teacher remuneration influences teacher turnover; how teachers characteristic contribute to teacher turnover and how school characteristic influences the turnover of teachers. Justification of the study was based on the fact that teacher turnover is a crucial challenge to all the stake holders in the field of education including students, parents, community, the Ministry of Education and other interest groups. This study used a descriptive survey design and targeted teachers and principals of public secondary schools in Makadara district. The target population consisted of 10 principals from 10 public secondary schools in Makadara and 315 Teachers Service Commission teachers in those schools. A representative sample of 65 teachers was obtained from the schools by use of a simple random sampling technique. Research instruments were questionnaires with closed and open ended questions for teachers and principals. A pilot study was carried out in a randomly sampled school to test validityof the research instrument and reliability which was measured by Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. Data Analysis was done using descriptive statistics with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Findings of the study were that teacher turnover was mainly due to poor remuneration, inadequate and dilapidated physical resources, methods of promotion, desire for career development and stagnation in the same job group for very long. The study concluded that poor remuneration, lack of motivation and conducive work environment contribute to teacher turnover in public secondary schools. The study recommended that the Government takes a census of turnover in schools and initiate measures that could curb turnover. It also recommended a countrywide study to establish actual turnover and compare turnover from the teaching profession to other fields with turnover across other non teaching professions.
TF 2 P-growth : An Efficient Algorithm for Mining Frequent Patterns without any Thresholds

Conventional frequent pattern mining algorithms require some user-specified minimum support, and then mine frequent patterns with support values that are higher than the minimum support. As it is difficult to predict how many frequent patterns will be mined with a specified minimum support, the Top-k mining concept has been proposed. The Top-k Mining concept is based on an algorithm for mining frequent patterns without a minimum support, but with the number of most k frequent patterns ordered according to their support values. However, the Top-k mining concept still requires a threshold k. Therefore, users must decide the value of k before initiating mining. In this paper, we propose a new mining algorithm, called “TFP-growth,” which does not require any thresholds. This algorithm mines patterns with the descending order of their support values without any thresholds and returns frequent patterns to users sequentially with short response time.