Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Case Control Study on School Dropouts in Children of Alcohol-Dependent Males Versus that in Abstainers/Social Drinkers’ Children

Objective: To study and compare in the children of alcohol-dependent males versus those in a socio-demographically similar control group, the occurrence of school dropouts, and to examine the link between certain factors like parental education and socioeconomic status on school dropout. Materials and Methods: This was a community-based case control study. The participants were 107 family units in both study group (alcohol-dependent male, wife, at least one child less than 14 years of age) and control group (abstainer/social drinker, wife, at least one child less than 14 years of age). It was conducted in an urban slum community in Mumbai. Interview technique was used for data collection. The study was conducted for a period of 1 year. Statistical Analysis: Using software SPSS version 17.0, percentages, Chi-square test. Results and Conclusion: The number of school dropouts was significantly higher (45.31%, P < 0.001) in the children of alcohol-dependent males as compared to 22.47% in the abstainers/social drinkers’ children. In the study group, there was higher number of school dropouts among boys (52.73%, P < 0.05) as compared to girls (35.37%). There was a statistically significant association between parental illiteracy and school dropout in children in both the groups. In the control group, significantly higher number of school dropouts of socioeconomic class IV and V had dropped out as compared to those of socioeconomic class III and II.
intensity-modulated radiation therapy and helical tomotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Background: To compare the differences in dose-volume data among coplanar intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), noncoplanar IMRT, and helical tomotherapy (HT) among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Methods: Nine patients with unresectable HCC and PVT underwent step and shoot coplanar IMRT with intent to deliver 46 - 54 Gy to the tumor and portal vein. The volume of liver received 30Gy was set to keep less than 30% of whole normal liver (V30 < 30%). The mean dose to at least one side of kidney was kept below 23 Gy, and 50 Gy as for stomach. The maximum dose was kept below 47 Gy for spinal cord. Several parameters including mean hepatic dose, percent volume of normal liver with radiation dose at X Gy (Vx), uniformity index, conformal index, and doses to organs at risk were evaluated from the dose-volume histogram. Results: HT provided better uniformity for the planning-target volume dose coverage than both IMRT techniques. The noncoplanar IMRT technique reduces the V10 to normal liver with a statistically significant level as compared to HT. The constraints for the liver in the V30 for coplanar IMRT vs. noncoplanar IMRT vs. HT could be reconsidered as 21% vs. 17% vs. 17%, respectively. When delivering 50 Gy and 60-66 Gy to the tumor bed, the constraints of mean dose to the normal liver could be less than 20 Gy and 25 Gy, respectively. Conclusion: Noncoplanar IMRT and HT are potential techniques of radiation therapy for HCC patients with PVT. Constraints for the liver in IMRT and HT could be stricter than for 3DCRT.
A chicken hnRNP of the A/B family recognizes the single-stranded d(CCCTAA)(n) telomeric repeated motif.

With the aim of identifying proteins able to interact with the C-rich single-stranded telomeric repeated motif, three nuclear polypeptides, CBNP alpha, CBNP beta and CBNP gamma, with apparent mobilities in SDS/PAGE of 38, 44 and 55 kDa, respectively, were isolated from mature chicken erythrocytes by affinity chromatography. In situ UV-cross-linking experiments demonstrated that CBNP alpha and CBNP gamma interact directly with the telomeric d(CCCTAA)n repeat, whereas CBNP beta does not. Moreover, they provided information on the protein components responsible for each electrophoretic mobility-shift assay signal. Ion spray and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization MS allowed us to identify CBNP alpha with single-stranded D-box-binding factor (ssDBF), a protein previously characterized as a transcription factor belonging to the A/B family of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and CBNP beta with an isoform of this protein containing an extra exon. Similarly, CBNP gamma was shown to be probably the chicken homolog of hnRNP K, a ribonuclear protein able to bind to polyC oligonucleotides. The relation of CBNP alpha (i.e. ssDBF), CBNP beta and CBNP gamma to a number of similar proteins in the protein and nucleotide sequence databank is discussed. A rather diversified spectrum of functional roles has been assigned to some of these proteins despite the strong sequence homology among them.
The Impact of Different Perceptual Cues On Fear And Presence In Virtual Reality

The impact of perceptual visual cues on spider phobic reactions has been thoroughly investigated over the last years. Although the fear of being touched by a spider is part of the clinical picture of spider phobia, findings on the impact of tactile fear cues are rare. This study uses virtual reality to selectively apply visual and tactile fear cues. Self-reported fear and the experience of presence in VR were measured in 20 phobic and 20 non-phobic participants. All participants were repeatedly exposed to visual cues, tactile cues, the combination of both and no fear relevant perceptual cues. Participants were exposed in each condition for five times in random order. Results show that tactile fear cues have the power to trigger fear independent of visual cues. Participants experienced highest levels of presence in the combined and the control condition. Presence may not only be seen in association with the emotional impact of specific cues in VR but also appears to depend on the comparability of a virtual environment to a real life situation.
Evolutionary Psychology Is a Metatheory for Psychology

Psychological Inquiry An International Journal for the Advancement of Psychological Theory Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld. com/smpp/title~content=t775648164 Evolutionary Psychology Is a Metatheory for Psychology Joshua D. Duntley a; David M. Buss b a The Richard Stockton College, Pomona, New Jersey b The University of Texas, Austin
Fast symmetric keys generation via mutual mirroring process

This paper presents an eavesdropper-proof algorithm that is capable of fast generating symmetric (secret) keys. Instead of literally exchanging secret keys, both the sender and receiver adopt a mirroring process based on an improved Hebbian rule that uses identical random inputs to separately train on their reciprocal outputs to generate a pair of exactly identical secret key strings. Important parameters are elaborately characterized to implement a fast information transmission for ephemeral key exchanging. We show that performance optimization can be achieved by coordinating the parameters. One essential feature of the proposed algorithm is that even an eavesdropper who acquires entire structure of the algorithm and the transmission data still has no chance to decrypt the encrypted message, thus ensuring security in the subsequent encryption task. Moreover, computation load is well bounded in an acceptable range despite the increasing key length.
Design and implementation of multiple maximum power point trackers for multi-string PV panels in DC distribution systems

This paper presents design and implementation of multiple maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) with wide input voltage variation for dc distribution systems. The topology of the proposed MPPT combines buck and boost converters to accommodate PV input voltage from 0 V to 850 V. The control algorithm for tracking maximum power points is based on a “perturbation and observation” method. The proposed MPPT can on-line check the input configuration of PV-panel strings to determine the current for maximum power calculation. In the paper, operational principle, analysis and design of the proposed MPPT configuration and mode transition will be first presented. Flowcharts of the control algorithm include perturbation and observation method and on-line PV-panel string configuration check will be then explained. Experimental results obtained from three-string MPPTs with the maximum power of 10 kW have verified its performance and feasibility.
Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of mental disorders in the Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being

Background Large-scale community studies of the prevalence of mental disorders using standardised assessment tools are rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Aims To conduct such a study. Method Multistage stratified clustered sampling of households in the Yoruba-speaking parts of Nigeria. Face-to-face interviews used the World Mental Health version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI). Results Of the 4984 people interviewed (response rate 79.9%), 12.1% had a lifetime rate of at least one DSM–IV disorder and 5.8% had 12-month disorders. Anxiety disorders were the most common (5.7% lifetime, 4.1% 12-month rates) but virtually no generalised anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder were identified. Of the 23% who had seriously disabling disorders, only about 8% had received treatment in the preceding 12 months. Treatment was mostly provided by general medical practitioners; only a few were treated by alternative practitioners such as traditional healers. Conclusions The observed low rates seem to reflect demographic and ascertainment factors. There was a large burden of unmet need for care among people with serious disorders.
A Scheme to Optimize Flow Routing and Polling Switch Selection of Software Defined Networks

This paper aims at minimizing the communication cost for collecting flow information in Software Defined Networks (SDN). Since flow-based information collecting method requires too much communication cost, and switch-based method proposed recently cannot benefit from controlling flow routing, jointly optimize flow routing and polling switch selection is proposed to reduce the communication cost. To this end, joint optimization problem is formulated as an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model firstly. Since the ILP model is intractable in large size network, we also design an optimal algorithm for the multi-rooted tree topology and an efficient heuristic algorithm for general topology. According to extensive simulations, it is found that our method can save up to 55.76% communication cost compared with the state-of-the-art switch-based scheme.
ISpace: interactive volume data classification techniques using independent component analysis

This paper introduces an interactive classification technique for volume data, called ISpace, which uses Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and a multidimensional histogram of the volume data in a transformed space. Essentially, classification in the volume domain becomes equivalent to interactive clipping in the ICA space, which as demonstrated using several examples is more intuitive and direct for the user to classify data. The result is an opacity transfer function defined for rendering multivariate scalar volume data.
Randomized trial of exercise therapy in women treated for breast cancer.

PURPOSE To examine the effects of aerobic exercise therapy on quality of life (QoL) and associated outcomes in women treated for breast cancer. Evidence suggests that exercise may be beneficial, but no trial has included an exercise-placebo and a usual-care group to control for the attention effects that might be associated with aerobic exercise interventions in cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 108 women who had been treated for breast cancer 12 to 36 months previously were randomly assigned to supervised aerobic exercise therapy (n = 34), exercise-placebo (body conditioning; n = 36), or usual care (n = 38). Exercise therapy and exercise-placebo sessions took place three times per week for 8 weeks. Outcomes included QoL, depression, exercise behavior, aerobic fitness; outcomes were assessed at baseline and at the 8- and 24-week follow-up. RESULTS Analyses of covariance revealed a significant mean difference of 9.8 units in Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (primary outcome) favoring aerobic exercise therapy at 8 weeks, relative to usual care. Significant differences that favored aerobic exercise therapy relative to usual care were recorded for Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast, social/family well-being, functional well-being, and breast cancer subscale scores at 8-week follow-up. Psychological health outcomes improved modestly for both intervention groups; these improvements were sustained for several end points. CONCLUSION Exercise therapy had large, clinically meaningful, short-term beneficial effects on QoL in women treated for breast cancer; this finding cannot be attributable to attention, given that the exercise-placebo group did not report similar effects relative to usual care.
NICMOS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AND MODELS FOR A STARS

Absolute flux distributions for eight stars are well measured from 0.8 to 2.5 μm with NICMOS grism spectrophotometry at a resolution of R ∼ 100 and an accuracy of 1–2%. These spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are fitted with Castelli & Kurucz model atmospheres, and the results are compared with the Cohen–Walker–Witteborn (CWW) template models for the same stars. In some cases, the Teff, log g, and log z parameters of the best-fitting model differ by up to 1000 K from the earlier CWW model. However, differences in the continua of the modeled infrared flux distributions from 0.4 to 40 μm are always less than the quoted CWW uncertainty of 5% because of compensating changes in the measured extinction. At wavelengths longward of the 2.5 μm NICMOS limit, uncertainties still approach 5%, because A star models are not yet perfect. All of these A stars lie in the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) continuous viewing zone and will be important absolute flux standards for the 0.8–30 μm JWST wavelength range.
Risk of simultaneous phenotypic expression of hip and elbow dysplasia in dogs

Summary In order to look for phenotypic correlation between hip (HD) and elbow (ED) dysplasia, we used radiographic scoring obtained from 1,411 dogs of different breeds, which were evaluated for authoritative grading of both conditions. In this population, we found that the risk ratio for an animal to be simultaneously affected by HD and ED is 1.67. For a dog with ED, the risk ratio to be affected by HD increases as the ED grade increases. Similarly, for a dog affected by HD, the risk ratio to be affected by ED increases as the HD grade increases. In a dog affected by HD or ED, the clinician should look for the second condition in the same animal. Due to the low, yet positive correlation, selection against one trait will not affect the other trait sufficiently. Therefore selection has to be conducted at reduction of HD as well as reduction of ED.
Multi-Attribute Decision Making with Weighted Description Logics

Motivated by the question of how to efficiently do model finding or theorem proving for multi-valued logics, we study the relative reasoning power of resolution proofs and a natural family of model-finding algorithms for Signed CNF Formulas. The conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) algorithm for SAT is the basis of model finding software systems (SAT solvers) that have impressive performance on many families of propositional formulas. CDCL with restarts (CDCL-R) has been shown to have essentially the same reasoning power as unrestricted propositional resolution. More precisely, they p-simulate each other. We show that this property generalizes to two families of Signed CNF formulas, those with unrestricted signs, and those where the truth value set is a lattice and all signs are regular. We show that a natural generalization of CDCL-R to these formulas has essentially the same reasoning power as natural generalizations of resolution found in the literature. Moreover, the algorithm efficiently simulates bounded width resolution in these systems. These families of signed formulas are possible reduction targets for a number of multi-valued logics, and thus this algorithm has potential as a basis for efficient implemented reasoning systems for many multi-valued logics.
Wavelet based image denoising using intra scale dependency

This paper mainly focuses on the development of using wavelet coefficients' intra scale dependency of natural images. Wavelet transform (WT) coefficients have statistical dependency. WT coefficients have dependency between local coefficients (intra-scale). This paper uses dependency between children's coefficient for estimating corrupted by noise. For this purpose, we derive the bivariate model using correlation between coefficients and shrinkage function for denoising.
Persea declinata (Bl.) Kosterm Bark Crude Extract Induces Apoptosis in MCF-7 Cells via G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest, Bcl-2/Bax/Bcl-xl Signaling Pathways, and ROS Generation

Persea declinata (Bl.) Kosterm is a member of the Lauraceae family, widely distributed in Southeast Asia. It is from the same genus with avocado (Persea americana Mill), which is widely consumed as food and for medicinal purposes. In the present study, we examined the anticancer properties of Persea declinata (Bl.) Kosterm bark methanolic crude extract (PDM). PDM exhibited a potent antiproliferative effect in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, with an IC50 value of 16.68 µg/mL after 48 h of treatment. We observed that PDM caused cell cycle arrest and subsequent apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, as exhibited by increased population at G0/G1 phase, higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and DNA fragmentation. Mechanistic studies showed that PDM caused significant elevation in ROS production, leading to perturbation of mitochondrial membrane potential, cell permeability, and activation of caspases-3/7. On the other hand, real-time PCR and Western blot analysis showed that PDM treatment increased the expression of the proapoptotic molecule, Bax, but decreased the expression of prosurvival proteins, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, in a dose-dependent manner. These findings imply that PDM could inhibit proliferation in MCF-7 cells via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction, indicating its potential as a therapeutic agent worthy of further development.
Organic Photovoltaics Based on Solution Cast Polymers and Boron Subphthalocyanines – Hybrid Device Architectures Enabling Novel Material Combinations

Solution-cast films of crystalline electron donating poly(3,3”’-didodecylquaterthiophene) (PQT12) were studied in pseudo-planar heterojunction (PPHJ) organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) paired with boron subphthalocyanine (BsubPc) as the electron acceptor layer, and the effects of crystallinity domain size and layer thickness were investigated. Annealed, 10-20 nm films of intermediate-sized crystals were 40% more efficient than un-annealed PQT-12 layers and had comparable efficiency to their fullerene-based BHJ counterparts, demonstrating the ability of polymer|BsubPc PPHJ OPVs to accommodate highly crystalline polymers with a tendency to phase segregate and create devices with favorable electrical properties. These polymer|BsubPc PPHJs were further studied with the new amorphous copolymer electron donating material PBTZT-stat-BDTT-8. While optimized PPHJ devices of PBTZT-stat-BDTT-8|BsubPc had substantially lower efficiency than PBTZT-stat-BDTT-8|fullerene BHJs (which were free of morphological problems), they demonstrated comparable performance to their BHJ equivalents due to ideal morphology, presenting a pathway forward for OPV design of otherwise phase segregating polymer|BsubPc pairings.
A Method for Simultaneous Determination of 20 Fusarium Toxins in Cereals by High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry with a Pentafluorophenyl Column

A high-resolution liquid chromatography-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (LC-Orbitrap MS) method was developed for simultaneous determination of 20 Fusarium toxins (nivalenol, fusarenon-X, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyl deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol, HT-2 toxin, T-2 toxin, neosolaniol, diacetoxyscirpenol, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, fumonisin B3, fumonisin A1, fumonisin A2, fumonisin A3, zearalenone, α-zearalenol, β-zearalenol, α-zearalanol, and β-zearalanol) in cereals. The separation of 20 Fusarium toxins with good peak shapes was achieved using a pentafluorophenyl column, and Orbitrap MS was able to detect accurately from cereal matrix components within ±0.77 ppm. The samples were prepared using a QuEChERS kit for extraction and a multifunctional cartridge for purification. The linearity, repeatability, and recovery of the method were >0.9964, 0.8%–14.7%, and 71%–106%, respectively. Using this method, an analysis of 34 commercially available cereals detected the presence of deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, fumonisin B3, fumonisn A1, fumonisin A2, fumonisin A3, and zearalenone in corn samples with high concentration and frequency. Trichothecenes was detected from wheat samples with high frequency; in particular, the concentration of deoxynivalenol was high. Conversely, α-zearalenol, β-zearalenol, α-zearalanol, and β-zearalanol were not detected in any of the samples.
Development of the mouse retinal vasculature: angiogenesis versus vasculogenesis.

PURPOSE The inner vasculature of the retina develops as a spreading network, which is preceded by spindle-shaped cells. These cells are alleged to be vascular precursor cells (angioblasts). This study was designed to test whether such angioblasts exist in neonatal mouse retina. METHODS In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry on mouse retinal wholemount preparations were used to visualize specific vascular cell types. RESULTS In situ hybridization with an RNA probe against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-2 (a marker for endothelial cells and angioblasts) labeled the vascular network but failed to label the spindle-shaped cells in front of it. A probe against VEGFR1, a marker for endothelial cells only, revealed the same staining pattern. Pericytes, visualized with a probe against platelet-derived growth receptor (PDGFR)-beta, were spread over the entire vessel network, but not beyond it. However, in situ hybridization with a probe against PDGFRalpha (a marker for retinal astrocytes) labeled spindle-shaped cells preceding the vessel network. CONCLUSIONS These observations imply that in the mouse retina the spindle-shaped cells preceding the forming vasculature are immature retinal astrocytes and not vascular precursor cells and that the primary vascular network in the retina develops by angiogenesis (budding from existing vessels) and not vasculogenesis (assembly of dispersed angioblasts).
An Investigation of Fault Tolerance Behavior of 32-Bit DLX Processor

This paper presents a study of fault tolerance behavior of a 32-bit DLX processor. Simulation-based method has been applied to analyze the fault tolerance characteristic of this processor. This experiment is based on injection of 14000 faults among 70 points of components which are more frequently used in VHDL model. The experimental results have been considered in different aspects. Up to 55% of the injected faults cause system failure and also approximately 42% of them are masked before changing into errors. Less than 3% of injected faults remain as latent errors. The Average of fault latency has also been reported between 47 to 59 clock cycles regarding to different workloads. The comparison of observed component distinguishes ALU as the most sensitive one among others with the approximate failure rate of 50%.