Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Excitation of a non-radial mode in a millisecond X-ray pulsar XTE J1751-305

We discuss candidates for non-radial modes excited in a mass accreting and rapidly rotating neutron star to explain the coherent frequency identified in the light curves of a millisecond X-ray pulsar XTE J1751-305. The spin frequency of the pulsar is $\nu_{\rm spin}\cong435$Hz and the identified coherent frequency is $\nu_{\rm osc}=0.5727595\times\nu_{\rm spin}$. Assuming the frequency identified is that observed in the corotating frame of the neutron star, we find that the surface $r$-modes of $l^\prime=m=1$ and 2 excited by $\epsilon$-mechanism due to helium burning in the thin shell can give the frequency ratio $\kappa=\nu_{\rm osc}/\nu_{\rm spin}\simeq0.57$ at $\nu_{\rm spin}=435$Hz. As another candidate for the observed ratio $\kappa$, we also suggest a toroidal crustal mode that has penetrating amplitudes in the fluid core and is destabilized by gravitational wave emission. Since the surface fluid layer is separated from the fluid core by a solid crust, the amplitudes of an $r$-mode in the core, which is destabilized by emitting gravitational waves, can be by a large factor different from those in the fluid ocean. We find that the amplification factor defined as $f_{\rm amp}=\alpha_{\rm surface}/\alpha_{\rm core}$ is as large as $f_{\rm amp}\sim 10^2$ for the $l^\prime=m=2$ $r$-mode at $\nu_{\rm spin}=435$Hz for a $M=1. 4M_\odot$ neutron star model. Because of this significant amplification of the $r$-mode amplitudes in the surface fluid layer, we suggest that, when proper corrections to the $r$-mode frequency such as due to the general relativistic effects are taken into consideration, the core $r$-mode of $l^\prime=m=2$ can be a candidate for the detected frequency, without leading to serious contradictions to, for example, the spin evolution of the underlying neutron star.
Further Extension of Lifespan by Unc-43/CaMKII and Egl-8/PLCβ Mutations in Germline-Deficient Caenorhabditis elegans

Reduction of insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling (IIS) promotes longevity across species. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, ablation of germline stem cells (GSCs) and activity changes of the conserved signaling mediators unc-43/CaMKII (calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase type II) and egl-8/PLCβ (phospholipase Cβ) also increase lifespan. Like IIS, these pathways depend on the conserved transcription factor daf-16/FOXO for lifespan extension, but how they functionally interact is unknown. Here, we show that altered unc-43/egl-8 activity further increases the lifespan of long-lived GSC-deficient worms, but not of worms that are long-lived due to a strong reduction-of-function mutation in the insulin/IGF1-like receptor daf-2. Additionally, we provide evidence for unc-43 and, to a lesser extent, egl-8 modulating the expression of certain collagen genes, which were reported to be dispensable for longevity of these particular daf-2 mutant worms, but not for other forms of longevity. Together, these results provide new insights into the conditions and potential mechanisms by which CaMKII- and PLCβ-signals modulate C. elegans lifespan.
Aspects of the zero $\Lambda$ limit in the AdS/CFT correspondence

We examine the correspondence between QFT observables and bulk solutions in the context of AdS/CFT in the limit as the cosmological constant $\Lambda \to 0$. We focus specifically on the spacetime metric and a non-backreacting scalar in the bulk, compute the one-point functions of the dual operators and determine the necessary conditions for the correspondence to admit a well-behaved zero $\Lambda$ limit. We discuss holographic renormalization in this limit and find that it requires schemes that partially break diffeomorphism invariance of the bulk theory. In the specific case of three bulk dimensions, we compute the zero $\Lambda$ limit of the holographic Weyl anomaly and reproduce the central charge that arises in the central extension of $\mathfrak{bms}_{3}$. We compute holographically the energy and momentum of those QFT states dual to flat cosmological solutions and to the Kerr solution and find an agreement with the bulk theory. We also compute holographically the renormalized 2-point function of a scalar operator in the zero $\Lambda$ limit and find it to be consistent with that of a conformal operator in two dimensions less. Finally, our results can be used in a new definition of asymptotic Ricci-flatness at null infinity based on the zero $\Lambda$ limit of asymptotically Einstein manifolds.
Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by CdSe Nanorods and the Therapy with Modified Procyanidinere

The CdSe nanorod as a one-dimensional nanostructure has an excellent performance in many fields, such as healthcare, new energy, and environmental protection. Thus, it is crucial to investigate its potential adverse health effects prior to their wide exposure. The lung tissue would be the main target organ after CdSe nanorods enter living systems. Here, we showed that pulmonary instillation of CdSe nanorods could decrease the vitality of T-SOD and T-AOC in lung tissues of a rat, increase MDA and hydroxyproline levels and lipid peroxidation products, induce mitochondrial cristae breakage and vacuolization, cause inflammatory responses, and finally induce pulmonary fibrosis. The oral administration of modified procyanidinere could significantly increase the content of antioxidant enzymes, scavenge free radicals, reduce lipid peroxidation, and have protective effects on CdSe nanorods-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The benefit is not only in the early inflammatory stage but also in the later stages of the CdSe nanorods-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
On the pi and K as q anti-q Bound States and Approximate Nambu-Goldstone Bosons

We reconsider the two different facets of {pi} and K mesons as qq bound states and approximate Nambu-Goldstone bosons. We address several topics, including masses, mass splittings between {pi} and {rho} and between K and K*, meson wave functions, charge radii, and the K-{pi} wave function overlap.
Scattering equations and global duality of residues

We examine the polynomial form of the scattering equations by means of computational algebraic geometry. The scattering equations are the backbone of the Cachazo-He-Yuan (CHY) representation of the S-matrix. We explain how the Bezoutian matrix facilitates the calculation of amplitudes in the CHY formalism, without explicitly solving the scattering equations or summing over the individual residues. Since for $n$-particle scattering, the size of Bezoutian matrix grows only as $(n-3)\times(n-3)$, our algorithm is very efficient for analytic and numeric amplitude computations.
The WISE View of RV Tauri Stars

ABSTRACT We present a detailed study based on infrared photometry of all Galactic RV Tauristars from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS). RV Tauri stars are thebrightest among the population II Cepheids. They are thought to evolve away fromthe asymptotic giant branch (AGB) towards the white dwarf domain. IRAS detectedseveral RV Tauri stars because of their large IR excesses and it was found that theyoccupy a speci c region in the [12] [25], [25] [60] IRAS two-colour diagram. Weused the all sky survey of WISE to extend these studies and compare the infraredproperties of all RVTauri stars in the GCVS with a selected sample of post-AGBobjects with the goal to place the RVTauri pulsators in the context of post-AGBevolution. Moreover, we correlated the IR properties of both the RVTauri stars andthe comparison sample with other observables like binarity and the presence of aphotospheric chemical anomaly called depletion. We nd that Galactic RV Tauri starsdisplay a range of infrared properties and we di erentiate between disc sources, objectswith no IR excess and objects for which the spectral energy distribution (SED) isuncertain. We obtain a clear correlation between disc sources and binarity. RV Tauristars with a variable mean magnitude are exclusively found among the disc sources.We also nd evidence for disc evolution among the binaries. Furthermore our studiesshow that the presence of a disc seems to be a necessary but not sucient conditionfor the depletion process to become ecient.Key words: circumstellar matter { infrared: stars {stars: variables: Cepheids { stars:AGB and Post-AGB.
GLOBAL MODELING OF NEBULAE WITH PARTICLE GROWTH, DRIFT, AND EVAPORATION FRONTS. I. METHODOLOGY AND TYPICAL RESULTS

We model particle growth in a turbulent, viscously evolving protoplanetary nebula, incorporating sticking, bouncing, fragmentation, and mass transfer at high speeds. We treat small particles using a moments method and large particles using a traditional histogram binning, including a probability distribution function of collisional velocities. The fragmentation strength of the particles depends on their composition (icy aggregates are stronger than silicate aggregates). The particle opacity, which controls the nebula thermal structure, evolves as particles grow and mass redistributes. While growing, particles drift radially due to nebula headwind drag. Particles of different compositions evaporate at “evaporation fronts” (EFs) where the midplane temperature exceeds their respective evaporation temperatures. We track the vapor and solid phases of each component, accounting for advection and radial and vertical diffusion. We present characteristic results in evolutions lasting 2 × 105 years. In general, (1) mass is transferred from the outer to the inner nebula in significant amounts, creating radial concentrations of solids at EFs; (2) particle sizes are limited by a combination of fragmentation, bouncing, and drift; (3) “lucky” large particles never represent a significant amount of mass; and (4) restricted radial zones just outside each EF become compositionally enriched in the associated volatiles. We point out implications for millimeter to submillimeter SEDs and the inference of nebula mass, radial banding, the role of opacity on new mechanisms for generating turbulence, the enrichment of meteorites in heavy oxygen isotopes, variable and nonsolar redox conditions, the primary accretion of silicate and icy planetesimals, and the makeup of Jupiter’s core.
Generation of quantum discord between ionic qubits via noisy processes

B. P. Lanyon,1, 2 P. Jurcevic,1, 2 C. Hempel,1, 2 M. Gessner,3, 4 V. Vedral,5, 6, 7 R. Blatt,1, 2 and C. F. Roos1, 2 1Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Technikerstr. 21A, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria 2 Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria 3 Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA 4 Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany 5 Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543, Singapore 6 Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, U.K. 7Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore (Dated: May 9, 2019)
Characterization of a Novel Polysaccharide Lyase Family 5 Alginate Lyase with PolyM Substrate Specificity

Alginate lyases (ALyases) have been widely applied in enzymatically degrading alginate for the preparation of alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), which possess a range of excellent physiological benefits including immunoregulatory, antivirus, and antidiabetic properties. Among the characterized ALyases, the number of ALyases with strict substrate specificity which possess potential in directed preparation of AOS is quite small. ALyases of polysaccharides lyase (PL) 5 family have been reported to perform poly-β-D-mannuronic acid (Poly-M) substrate specificity. However, there have been fewer studies with a comprehensive characterization and comparison of PL 5 family ALyases. In this study, a putative PL 5 family ALyase PMD was cloned from Pseudomonas mendocina and expressed in Escherichia coli. The novel ALyase presented maximum activity at 30 °C and pH 7.0. PMD displayed pH stability properties under the range of pH 5 to pH 9, which retained more than 80% relative activity, even when incubated for 48 h. Product analysis indicated that PMD might be an endolytic ALyase with strict Poly M substrate specificity and yield disaccharide and trisaccharide as main products. In addition, residues K58, R66, Y248, and R344 were proposed to be the potential key residues for catalysis via site-directed mutation. Detailed characterization of PMD and comprehensive comparisons could supply some different information about properties of PL 5 ALyases which might be helpful for its application in the directed production of AOS.
Factors Causing Unemployment and Strategies for Handling Unemployment Problems in Cibadak District, Lebak Regency, Banten

One of the main indicators of development success is the reduction in the number of poor people and an even distribution of income. Based on BPS data in August 2018, Banten province is the province with the highest open unemployment rate (TPT) in Indonesia. BPS noted that the regional TPT is at 8.52 percent, this figure is even higher than the national average of 5.34 percent and also higher than West Java's 8.17 percent. Cibadak Village is one of the villages located in Cibadak sub-district, Lebak district, Banten province. Cibadak Village is a village that has a high unemployment rate. The population of working age is 1,121 people, but the population registered as workers is only 591 people, so there are still 530 unemployed people in this village. This study uses a rationalistic approach, explaining research in general-specific and all knowledge in this method comes from intellectual use which is built on the ability to reason logically. The population of this study is the heads of families who have unemployed family members, community leaders, and related officials in Cibadak Village, using the research sample for one Rukun Tetangga (RT) in each village, 8 respondents will be taken. This study uses quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques (mix method) which focus on field conditions and the community according to the research area. This research method prefers to use in-depth analysis techniques. Quantitative analysis is used to determine the factors that can cause unemployment in Cibadak Village, and qualitative analysis is used when primary data collection is used to determine strategies in handling unemployment problems using continuous analysis methods, using multiple decision criteria analysis techniques.
Scrape off layer profiles interpreted with filament dynamics

A theoretical framework is developed to link the density profiles in the scrape off layer (SOL) with the fluctuations (filaments) that generate them. The framework is based on the dynamics of independent filaments and their statistical behaviour and can be used to rigorously understand the mechanisms that lead to flattening and broadening of the SOL profiles as well as the radial increase of the relative fluctuation amplitude.
Does signing auditors’ communist party membership shape audit quality? Evidence from China

In this article, we investigate the effect of signing auditors ’ commun-ist party membership on audit quality. Relying on a sample of Chinese listed firms from the period 2001 to 2019, we find that firms with signing auditors who have communist party membership conduct less earnings management, indicating that signing auditors with party membership provide high level of audit quality. Moreover, the above relationship is more pronounced in small audit firms. We also find that firms who are audited by signing auditors with party status have lower likelihood of financial statements and loss avoidance. Further analyses suggest that signing auditors with party status can earn audit fee premium. The positive relationship between signing auditors with party membership and audit quality is more pronounced in non-specialists auditors and high client importance.
Blip glitches in Advanced LIGO data

Blip glitches are short noise transients present in data from ground-based gravitational-wave observatories. These glitches resemble the gravitational-wave signature of massive binary black hole mergers. Hence, the sensitivity of transient gravitational-wave searches to such high-mass systems and other potential short duration sources is degraded by the presence of blip glitches. The origin and rate of occurrence of this type of glitch have been largely unknown. In this paper we explore the population of blip glitches in Advanced LIGO during its first and second observing runs. On average, we find that Advanced LIGO data contains approximately two blip glitches per hour of data. We identify four subsets of blip glitches correlated with detector auxiliary or environmental sensor channels, however the physical causes of the majority of blips remain unclear.
A TWO-TEMPERATURE MODEL OF MAGNETIZED PROTOSTELLAR OUTFLOWS

We explore kinematics and morphologies of molecular outflows driven by young protostars using magnetohydrodynamic simulations in the context of the unified wind model of Shang et al. The model explains the observed high-velocity jet and low-velocity shell features. In this work we investigate how these characteristics are affected by the underlying temperature and magnetic field strength. We study the problem of a warm wind running into a cold ambient toroid by using a tracer field that keeps track of the wind material. While an isothermal equation of state is adopted, the effective temperature is determined locally based on the wind mass fraction. In the unified wind model, the density of the wind is cylindrically stratified and highly concentrated toward the outflow axis. Our simulations show that for a sufficiently magnetized wind, the jet identity can be well maintained even at high temperatures. However, for a high temperature wind with low magnetization, the thermal pressure of the wind gas can drive material away from the axis, making the jet less collimated as it propagates. We also study the role of the poloidal magnetic field of the toroid. It is shown that the wind-ambient interface becomes more resistant to corrugation when the poloidal field is present, and the poloidal field that bunches up within the toroid prevents the swept-up material from being compressed into a thin layer. This suggests that the ambient poloidal field may play a role in producing a smoother and thicker swept-up shell structure in the molecular outflow.
Rayleigh-Taylor instability in partially ionized compressible plasmas: One fluid approach

Aims. We study the modification of the classical criterion for the linear onset and growth rate of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) in a partially ionized (PI) plasma in the one-fluid description by considering a generalized induction equation. Methods. The governing linear equations and appropriate boundary conditions, including gravitational terms, are derived and applied to the case of the RTI in a single interface between two partially ionized plasmas. The boundary conditions lead to an equation for the frequencies in which some have positive complex parts, marking the appearance of the RTI. We study the ambipolar term alone first, extending the result to the full induction equation later. Results. The configuration is always unstable because of the presence of a neutral species. In the classical stability regime, the growth rate is small, since the collisions prevent the neutral fluid to fully develop the RTI. For parameters in the classical instability regime, the growth rate is lowered, but the differences with the compressible MHD case are small for the considered theoretical values of the collision frequencies and diffusion coefficients for solar prominences. Conclusions. The PI modifies some aspects of the linear RTI instability, since it takes into account that neutrals do not feel the stabilizing effect of the magnetic field. For the set of parameters representative for solar prominences, our model gives the resulting timescale comparable to observed lifetimes of RTI plumes.
A Soft Sensor Model for Predicting Cement-Specific Surface Area Based on Convolution Fast Recurrent Unit Network

Due to the time lag, nonlinearity, and variable coupling in the process sector, production variables are hard to measure directly and require accurate soft sensor models. In light of this, this research proposes a soft sensor convolution neural network fast recurrent unit (CNN-FRU) network model. Convolution is used to get spatial features and get rid of redundancy data in variables. FRU changes the linear coupling constraint within a gated recurrent unit (GRU) and solves the problem of blocked information flow in GRU. It can be used to extract time-varying delay characteristics from complex processes industry data. FRU is compared with GRU and long short-term memory (LSTM) on a standard dataset to demonstrate the advantages of FRU in terms of training speed and accuracy. As a specific application in the process industry, the proposed soft sensor model is trained and validated on the cement-specific surface area dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that the soft sensor model can be generalized better.
EXPLORING THE X-RAY AND γ-RAY PROPERTIES OF THE REDBACK MILLISECOND PULSAR PSR J1723−2837

We have investigated the X-ray and γ-ray properties of the redback millisecond pulsar PSR J1723−2837 with XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Fermi. We have discovered the X-ray orbital modulation of this binary system with a minimum that coincides with the phases of radio eclipse. The X-ray emission is clearly non-thermal in nature, which can be described well by a simple power law with a photon index of ∼1.2. The phase-averaged luminosity is ∼9 × 1031 erg s−1 in 0.3–10 keV, which consumes ∼0.2% of the spin-down power. We have detected the γ-ray emission in 0.1–300 GeV from this system at a significance of ∼6σ for the first time. The γ-rays in this energy range consume ∼2% of the spin-down power and can be modeled by a power law with a photon index of ∼2.6. We discuss the high energy properties of the new redback in the context of an intrabinary shock model.
INTERPOLATING MASKED WEAK-LENSING SIGNAL WITH KARHUNEN–LOÈVE ANALYSIS

We explore the utility of Karhunen–Loève (KL) analysis in solving practical problems in the analysis of gravitational shear surveys. Shear catalogs from large-field weak-lensing surveys will be subject to many systematic limitations, notably incomplete coverage and pixel-level masking due to foreground sources. We develop a method to use two-dimensional KL eigenmodes of shear to interpolate noisy shear measurements across masked regions. We explore the results of this method with simulated shear catalogs, using statistics of high-convergence regions in the resulting map. We find that the KL procedure not only minimizes the bias due to masked regions in the field, it also reduces spurious peak counts from shape noise by a factor of ∼3 in the cosmologically sensitive regime. This indicates that KL reconstructions of masked shear are not only useful for creating robust convergence maps from masked shear catalogs, but also offer promise of improved parameter constraints within studies of shear peak statistics.