Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Active semi-supervised transfer learning (ASTL) for offline BCI calibration

Single-trial classification of event-related potentials in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is a very important paradigm of brain-computer interface (BCI). Because of individual differences, usually some subject-specific calibration data are required to tailor the classifier for each subject. Transfer learning has been extensively used to reduce such calibration data requirement, by making use of auxiliary data from similar/relevant subjects/tasks. However, all previous research assumes that all auxiliary data have been labeled. This paper considers a more general scenario, in which part of the auxiliary data could be unlabeled. We propose active semi-supervised transfer learning (ASTL) for offline BCI calibration, which integrates active learning, semi-supervised learning, and transfer learning. Using a visual evoked potential oddball task and three different EEG headsets, we demonstrate that ASTL can achieve consistently good performance across subjects and headsets, and it outperforms some state-of-the-art approaches in the literature.
What scale of audience a campaign can reach in what price on Twitter?

Campaigns with commercial and spam purposes have flooded the Twitter community. To understand what scale of audience a campaign could reach, we first perform a measurement study by collecting a dataset of about 10 million tweets via streaming API and one million search tweets for targeting topics, as well as 37,313 user accounts that are suspended by Twitter. From the dataset, we extract a spam campaign and a commercial promotion campaign accompanied by spamming activities. Then, we characterize the way in which a campaign can reach its audience, especially revealing the features that dominate the information diffusion. After identifying the accounts suspended by Twitter, we further inspect to what extent these features can help to weed out spam accounts. Also, the retrospective inspection is useful to uncover the tactics that malicious accounts utilize to avoid being suspended. Using the measurement results, we then develop a theoretical framework based on an epidemic model to investigate the dynamics of spammers and victims whom spammers reach in the spam campaign. With the theoretical framework, we conduct a benefit-cost analysis of the spam campaign, shedding lights on how to restrict the benefit of the spam campaign.
Increased Serotonergic Innervation of Lumbosacral Motoneurons of Rolling Mouse Nagoya in Correlation with Abnormal Hindlimb Extension

Rolling Mouse Nagoya (RMN) carries a mutation in a gene encoding for α1A subunit of P/Q‐type Ca2+ channel (Cav2.1). In addition to ataxia, this mutant mouse exhibits abnormal hindlimb extension, which is characterized by a sustained excessive tone of hindlimb extensor muscles. This study aimed to clarify whether serotonergic (5‐HTergic) innervation of the spinal motoneurons was altered in RMN in relation to the abnormal hindlimb extension. The density of 5‐HT immunoreactive fibres in the ventral horn of lumbar and sacral regions of spinal cord was significantly greater in RMN than in controls. Retrograde wheat germ agglutinin‐conjugated horseradish peroxidase (WGA‐HRP) labelling combined with 5‐HT immunostaining revealed that the number of 5‐HT immunoreactive terminals adjoining femoris quadriceps motoneurons was about 2.5‐fold greater in RMN than in controls. Furthermore, 5‐HT immunostaining in the lumbar cord ventral horn was examined in three other Cav2.1 mutant mice (tottering, leaner and pogo) as to whether or not they showed the abnormal hindlimb extension. Among these mutants, the increased density of 5‐HT immunoreactive fibres was observed in correlation with the presence of the abnormal hindlimb extension. The results suggest an increased 5‐HTergic innervation of the lumbosacral motoneurons in correlation with the abnormal hindlimb extension in RMN and other Cav2.1 mutant mice. As 5‐HT is known to induce the sustained membrane depolarizations without continuous excitatory synaptic inputs (plateau potentials) in spinal motoneurons, the increased 5‐HTergic innervation may cause the sustained excitation of hindlimb extensor motoneurons, resulting in the abnormal hindlimb extension.
Overproduction of geranylgeraniol in Coprinopsis cinerea by the expression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase gene

(E, E, E)‐Geranylgeraniol (GGOH) is a valuable ingredient of many perfumes and a valuable precursor for synthesizing pharmaceuticals. In an attempt to increase the GGOH concentration in Coprinopsis cinerea, we demonstrated that the expression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (ggpps) gene isolated from Taxus x media could promote GGOH production. Furthermore, the concentrations of squalene and ergosterol were measured in the engineered strains. Expectedly, significant decreases of squalene and ergosterol levels were observed in those strains transformed with ggpps gene. This could be explained by the partial redirection of metabolic flux from squalene to GGOH, whose biosynthesis competes for the same precursor with squalene. This work suggested that the expression of ggpps in higher fungi was an effective method for bio‐production of GGOH.
A Conflict/Control-Loop Hypothesis of Hemispheric Brain Reserve Capacity

A computational model is presented which draws upon previous research on prefrontally mediated executive functioning to investigate resource allocation in response to increased task demand. Central to the model is the process of monitoring task demand through detection of cognitive conflict. The model is shown to account for performance in a stimulus matching task in which participants are matching stimuli that are presented in the same or opposite visual hemi-field. The model captures the within-hemispheric advantage in both young and older adults and the between-hemisphere advantage when the cognitive demand increases. We conclude that this model provides a first step in the direction of unpacking the mechanisms underlying cognitive and brain reserve capacity.
[Stroke-psychosis. Description of two cases].

INTRODUCTION The presence of neuropsychiatry symptoms (hallucinations, delusions and agitation) as stroke-related guideline symptoms, thus forming an acute psychosis of organic cause, are extremely uncommon and often correlate with strategic infarcts (caudate nucleus, striatum and thalamus). CLINICAL CASE We report two cases of stroke-psychosis. Case 1. A 67-year-old man with sudden-onset delusions of persecution and complete recovery in three months. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed infarctions in both head of the caudate nucleus and body of right caudate nucleus. Case 2. A 49-year old man with sudden-onset delusions of persecution and gustative hallucinations that disappeared in three months. The brain MRI revealed small infarction in the left thalamus. DISCUSSION The possible vascular origin of the psychosis in both cases (sudden onset, complete recover, demonstration of acute ischemic lesion in strategic territory) and the underlying psychopathogenic mechanism (dysfunction of prefrontal cortico-subcortical circuits) is discussed.
P$^2$S: A Primary and Passer-By Scheduling Algorithm for On-Demand Charging Architecture in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

As the interdiscipline of wireless communication and control engineering, the cooperative charging issue in wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs) is a popular research problem. With the help of wireless power transfer technology, electrical energy can be transferred from wireless charging vehicles to sensors, providing a new paradigm to prolong the network lifetime. However, existing techniques on cooperative charging usually take the periodical and deterministic approach but neglect the influences of the nondeterministic factors such as topological changes and node failures, making them unsuitable for large-scale WRSNs. In this paper, we develop a primary and passer-by scheduling (P<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math></inline-formula>S) algorithm for on-demand charging architecture for large-scale WRSNs. In P<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math></inline-formula>S, task interdependence is utilized to enhance charging efficiency. We exploit a local searching algorithm, in which nearby nodes on the way to primary nodes, which are the targets of wireless charging vehicle's current movement, will be charged as passer-by nodes. Such a strategy not only makes full use of the available remaining time of a charging deadline but solves the complex scheduling problem with spatial and temporal task interdependence as well. Analysis and simulations are conducted to show the superiority of our scheme, revealing that P<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^2$</tex-math></inline-formula>S has a higher survival rate and throughput, as well as other performance metrics.
Improved RF Isolation Using Carbon Nanotube Fence-Wall for 3-D Integrated Circuits and Packaging

We demonstrate a proof of concept to implement carbon nanotubes (CNT) in radio frequency (RF) integrated circuits to achieve improved electromagnetic isolation. A densely packed CNT fence-wall was designed on a typical via-fenced guard structure, to create RF isolation between two transmission lines. Both simulations and measurements have shown to further reduce forward and backward coupling by 10 dB over current techniques in the 1-10 GHz range. Such CNT isolation scheme could be implemented in densely packed three-dimensional circuits and packages.
Physiological Correlates of Golf Performance

Wells, GD, Elmi, M, and Thomas, S. Physiological correlates of golf performance. J Strength Cond Res 23(3): 741-750, 2009-Golf is now a sport where physical training is an integral component of elite players' practice and contributes to the ability to play at a high level consistently and without injury. Relationships between physical conditioning and golf performance have not been reported. Therefore, the objective of this research was to identify physiological correlates of golf performance in elite golfers under laboratory (ball speed and distance) and tournament conditions (average score, greens in regulation, short game measures, and putting accuracy). The correlation analysis revealed significant associations between mass, height, body mass index, sit height, arm length, and predicted &OV0312;o2max and golf measures. Significant correlations were noted between anterior abdominal muscle endurance and driver carry distance (r = 0.38; P = 0.04) and average putt distance after a chip shot (r = −0.44; P = 0.03), between dominant side abdominal muscle endurance and average putt distance after a chip shot (r = −0.43; P = 0.03), and between nondominant-side abdominal muscle endurance and average putt distance after a sand shot (r = −0.59; P = 0.001). Further correlations were found among sit and reach and driver carry distance (r = −0.36; P = 0.04), 5-iron ball speed (r = − 0.41; P = 0.02), 5-iron carry distance (r = −0.44; P = 0.01), and score (r = 0.43; P = 0.03). Correlation analysis revealed significant associations among peripheral muscle test results, golf driver results, 5-iron ball measures, score, and putting efficacy. These results may be important for developing training programs based on sound physiological rationale and for the development of talent identification programs. Results suggest that core strength and stability, flexibility, balance, and peripheral muscle strength are correlated with golf performance and should be included in golf training programs.
Absent Secretion to Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Cystic Fibrosis Airway Glands*

We are testing the hypothesis that the malfunctioning of airway gland serous cells is a component of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway disease. CF is caused by mutations that disrupt CF transmembrane conductance regulator, an anion channel essential for proper fluid secretion in some epithelia. Submucosal glands supply most of the mucus in upper airways, and gland serous cells are the primary site of CF transmembrane conductance regulator expression in airways. We have discovered a major defect in CF glands by in situ optical monitoring of secretions from single human airway glands. CF glands did not secrete to agents that elevated [cAMP] i (0 responses/450 glands, 8 subjects), whereas glands were responsive in all donor tracheas (605/827 glands, 15 subjects) and in bronchi from subjects who were transplanted because of other lung diseases (148/166 glands, n = 10). CF glands secreted to cholinergic stimulation, and serous cells were abundant in glands from all CF subjects. The complete absence of secretion to agents that elevate [cAMP] i suggests that altered secretion of gland mucus could contribute to CF lung disease.
A Mechanism for Evolving Novel Plant Sesquiterpene Synthase Function

Plant sesquiterpene synthases, a subset of the terpene synthase superfamily, are a mechanistically diverse family of enzymes capable of synthesizing hundreds of complex compounds with high regio‐ and stereospecificity and are of biological importance due to their role in plant defense mechanisms. In the current report we describe a large‐scale, high‐resolution phylogenetic analysis of ∼200 plant sesquiterpene synthases integrated with structural and experimental data that address these issues. We observe that all sequences that cluster together on the phylogenetic tree into well‐defined groups share at least the first reaction in the catalytic mechanism subsequent to the initial ionization step and many share steps beyond this down to proton transfers between the enzyme and substrate. Most significant is the previously unreported high conservation of an Asp‐Tyr‐Asp triad. Due to its high conservation, patterns in the phylogenetic tree as well as experimental and modeling results, we suggest that this Asp‐Tyr‐Asp triad is an important functional element responsible for many proton transfers to and from the substrate and intermediates along the plant sesquiterpene synthase catalytic cycle and whose position can be tuned by residues outside the active site that can lead to the evolution of novel enzyme function.
Gender- and Age-Specific Changes in Motor Speed and Eye-Hand Coordination in Adults: Normative Values for the Finger Tapping and Grooved Pegboard Tests

Normative values for the Finger Tapping and Grooved Pegboard Tests were developed on a sample of 360 normal volunteers stratified according to gender, three educational groups ranging from 7 to 22 years, and four age groups subdivided between the ages of 16 to 70 years. Retest reliability was estimated for both measures. The Finger Tapping Test showed significant gender differences, since women were substantially slower, particularly in the older age groups. On the Grooved Pegboard Test, a converse gender difference was noted, since women were substantially faster than men. A smaller effect with increasing age resulted, and better educated individuals performed faster. If these motor and visuomotor tests are to be applied, then stratified normative estimates need to be implemented to provide viable clinical judgements.
Multiple Levels for Regulation of TrkA in PC12 Cells by Nerve Growth Factor

Abstract: TrkA is a receptor tyrosine kinase for nerve growth factor (NGF). Recent studies indicate that NGF regulates not only activation of trkA kinase but also expression of the trkA gene. To further define NGF actions on trkA, we examined binding and signaling through trkA after both short and long intervals of NGF treatment. Induction of tyrosine phosphorylation on gp140trkA was rapidly followed by down‐regulation of cell surface and total cellular gp140trkA. At later intervals, increased expression of trkA was evident in increased mRNA and protein levels. At 7 days, there was increased binding to gp140trkA and increased signaling through this receptor. NGF appears to regulate trkA at several levels. In neurons persistently exposed to NGF, maintenance of NGF signaling may require increased trkA gene expression.
A global topological map formed by local metric maps

We describe a method of mapping large scale static environments using a hybrid topological-metric model. A global map is formed from a set of local maps organized in a topological structure. Each local map contains quantitative environment information using a local reference frame. They are denoted as islands of reliability because they provide accurate metric information of the environment. The mapping problem then becomes where to place the islands of reliability and to what extent should they cover the environment. This is accomplished by defining the placement criteria in terms of the task the islands of reliability portray.
A comparison of the reinforcing efficacy of PCP, the PCP derivatives TCP and BTCP, and cocaine using a progressive ratio schedule in the rat

This study was designed to compare the reinforcing efficacy of PCP (phencyclidine:phenylcyclohexyl-piperidine) and the PCP-derivatives BTCP (N-[1-(2-benzo(b)thiophenyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine) and TCP (N-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]-piperidine) to that of cocaine, using a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement (PR). On the PR schedule the number of responses required to obtain an i.v. infusion of drug was escalated with each injection until a breaking point wits reached when the animal stopped responding. Since BTCP has an affinity for the DA uptake site comparable to that of cocaine, it was hypothesized that BTCP and cocaine would show similar patterns of self-administration and comparable breaking points. In contrast, the high affinity of TCP and PCP for the NMDA-ion channel complex suggested that these two compounds would also support comparable self-administration behaviors. Rats were trained to self-administer i.v. cocaine (luring daily 5 h sessions under a fixed-ratio-1 (FR1) schedule. Once consistent lever-pressing behavior was established, BTCP, PCP or TCP was substituted for cocaine. Under the FR1 schedule, BTCP elicited a regular pattern of lever pressing, unlike PCP and TCP. However, under the PR schedule BTCP elicited breaking points comparable to those produced by equivalent doses of cocaine, whereas TCP and PCP produced considerably lower breaking points. These results suggest that BTCP has comparable rewarding properties to that of cocaine, and that like those of cocaine (hey are most probably mediated through a site of action at the DA transporter. In contrast, the relatively weak reinforcing efficacy of PCP and TCP would correlate better with their primary site of action on the PCP binding site within the NMDA-ion channel complex.
A New 2.4GHz CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier with Automatic Gain Control

A new 2.4 GHz CMOS low-noise amplifier with automatic gain control that provides an enhanced dynamic range of up to 40 dB over conventional low-noise amplifiers is proposed. The proposed low-noise amplifier automatically adjusts its voltage gain by monitoring the amplitude of its output voltage so as to achieve a large dynamic range. The proposed low- noise amplifier allows a receiver system to become adaptive to antenna array, waveguides, and transmission lines, as well as standard antenna signal powers. The amplifier provides a gain of over 35 dB, a noise figure below 0.5 dB, and reflection coefficient below -35 dB at 2.4 GHz. The transient time of the amplifier is approximately 23 mus with the variation of the input RF power of 30 dBm.
Obsolescence in the English perfect ? Evidence from Samana English

L'A. examine l'evolution morphosyntaxique du parfait de l'anglais parle par la communaute linguistique de la peninsule Samana de la Republique dominicaine. Il s'agit de la quatrieme generation de descendants d'un groupe d'africains-americains dont la langue a evolue independamment du vernaculaire afro-americain moderne
Abusing images: domestic violence in Thai cartoon books.

After perusing so many books over an extended period of time we began to notice patterns in the ways that women and men are portrayed. Particularly striking are the images of violence occurring in the context of heterosexual marital relations. Over and over again are depicted strong and sometimes enormous women beating or threatening to beat their apparently weak and emasculated husbands. This emasculation is symbolically represented by the ever-present sak [pestle] which the angry wife uses to strike her husbands head (see Figure 2). Indeed in colloquial Thai speech the sak and khrok [mortar] may be used to represent the male and female sex organs respectively. Hence an angry woman holding a pestle as a weapon may suggest a phallus-wielding female. These images are not necessarily an accurate reflection of reality. Rather they depict a reversal of the expected an incongruity. These popular comic book images thus raise questions about how we are to understand gender marital relations and ultimately womens rights within the Thai context and their connection to popular culture artefacts. (excerpt)
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-Existing Conditions: A Lexical Decision ERP Study

The current study sought to clarify the nature of lexical decision-making information processing, using a lexical decision paradigm during EEG, in 4 groups: pure-ASD; pure-ADHD; pure-anxiety; and neurotypical controls. We also aimed to understand whether there were differences between groups when ASD presents as a comorbid condition (ASD + ADHD). The P100 and the N170 components of the evoked potential (ERPs) were the focus of analyses. Overall, we found larger P100 amplitudes in the right (relative to the left) hemisphere in neurotypical controls. This early ERP component likely reflects pre-linguistic processing (e.g., the sorting of nouns into categories) at a stage before the language-dominant left hemisphere takes over. We also found that those with pure-ADHD had longer P100 latencies than both the pure-anxiety and pure-ASD groups towards all lexical stimuli. The pure-ADHD group also showed smaller amplitudes toward word stimuli than toward pseudowords and nonwords. The ASD + ADHD group had significantly longer latencies towards pseudowords than the pure-ASD group. A unique pattern of ERPs was therefore observed in the comorbid group, which suggests that the two conditions are separate. This finding is in accord with the latest revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V).
Women at the Helm: Three Extraordinary Leaders

Social work has been fortunate in its forebears, in large part because it was one of the few acceptable outlets for the talents and energies of educated women in an earlier era. In fact, social work history and female leadership are inextricably intertwined. This articles tells of three extraordinary social work leaders, one from Germany, one from the United Kingdom, and one from the United States. Social workers today have much to learn from Alice Salomon, Eileen Younghusband, and Edith Abbott.
Generation, propagation, and breaking of an internal wave beam

We report upon an experimental study of internal gravity waves generated by the large-amplitude vertical oscillations of a circular cylinder in uniformly stratified fluid. Quantitative measurements are performed using a modified synthetic schlieren technique for strongly stratified solutions of NaCl or NaI. The oscillatory forcing leads to the development of turbulence in the region bounding the cylinder. This turbulence is found to be the primary source of the observed quasimonochromatic wave beams, whose characteristics at early times differ from theoretical predictions and experimental investigations of waves generated by small-amplitude cylinder oscillations. In particular, their wavelength is set by the Ozmidov scale rather than the size of the cylinder. The wave frequency is set by the buoyancy frequency N if the cylinder frequency is larger or much less than N. Otherwise it is set by the cylinder oscillation frequency. Over long times the finite-amplitude waves that have propagated away from their .