Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arthrogenic muscle response to a simulated ankle joint effusion

Background: Arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) is a continuing reflex reaction of the musculature surrounding a joint after distension or damage to the structures of that joint. This phenomenon has been well documented after knee joint injury and has been generalised to occur at other joints of the human body, yet minimal research has been conducted in this regard. The response of the muscles crossing the ankle/foot complex after ankle injury and effusion is not well understood. AMI may occur after an ankle sprain contributing to residual dysfunction. Objective: To determine if AMI is present in the soleus, peroneus longus, and tibialis anterior musculature after a simulated ankle joint effusion. Methods: Eight neurologically sound volunteers (mean (SD) age 23 (4) years, height 171 (6) cm, mass 73 (10) kg) participated. Maximum H-reflex and maximum M-wave measurements were collected using surface electromyography after delivery of a percutaneous stimulus to the sciatic nerve before its bifurcation into the common peroneal and posterior tibial nerves. Results: The H-reflex and M-wave measurements in all muscles increased (p⩽0.05) after the simulated ankle joint effusion. Conclusions: Simulated ankle joint effusion results in facilitation of the soleus, peroneus longus, and tibialis anterior motoneurone pools. This may occur to stabilise the foot/ankle complex in order to maintain posture and/or locomotion.
Robust Node Positioning in Wireless Sensor Networks

Secure sensor localization is a prerequisite for many sensor networks to retrieve trustworthy data. However, most of existing node positioning systems were studied in trust environment and are therefore vulnerable to malicious attacks. In this work, we develop a robust node positioning mechanism(ROPM) to protect localization techniques from position attacks. Instead of introducing countermeasures for every possible internal or external attack, our approach aims at making node positioning system attack-tolerant by removing malicious beacons. We defeat internal attackers and external attackers by applying different strategies, which not only achieves robustness to attacks but also dramatically reduces the computation overhead. Finally, we provide detailed theoretical analysis and simulations to evaluate the proposed technique.
Analysis of Re‐entry Mechanisms in Three Patients with Concealed Wolff‐Parkinson‐White Syndrome

Three patients with recurring attacks of supraventricular tachycardia and no electrocardiographic evidence of the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW syndrome) were studied using intracardiac recordings and atrial stimulation. The findings are interpreted as evidence of a concealed WPW syndrome. In all patients there was antegrade block of the anomalous atrioventricular (A-V) pathway while retrograde conduction was unimpaired and allowed the initiation of the observed reciprocating tachycardias. The diagnosis was based on the assumption that the ventricular myocardium was an essential link in the re-entry circuit. The three most important findings to support this assumption are: 1) retrograde conduction time, measured by the Q-A′ interval (Q in ECG to atrial echo), and the rate of tachycardia were dependent on the mode of intraventricular conduction; 2) the first Q-A′ interval of the tachycardia was independent of the A-H interval (initiation of atrial impulse to first activation of the His bundle) of the initiating premature atrial depolarization(PAD); 3) there was retrograde conduction following a ventricular premature beat during tachycardia at a time when the A-V node and/or the bundle of His would be refractory.
Auto-tuning Rotor Resistance Identification of Induction Motor Considering Iron Loss

The paper deals with rotor resistance identification of induction motor considering core loss. The rotor resistance can not be measured directly and easily varies with the increasing temperature. The problem of its identification bases on equivalent circuit. In the equivalent circuit, the equivalent resistance of core loss is in parallel with mutual inductance of induction motor in two-phase stationary frame. Based on the model, an algorithm of auto-tuning rotor resistance identification has been deduced in steady state. Then a case of induction motor considering iron loss has been simulated for rotor resistance identification. In steady-state operation, the auto-tuning identified result smoothly matches actual value. In dynamic-state operation, the identification algorithm is inaccuracy. Due to the large thermal time constant and temporary dynamic state, some measures have been taken to hold the identified output result. The rotor resistance identification is valid and feasible.
Computational complexity in logic testing

The paper is concerned with analyzing and comparing two exact algorithms from the viewpoint of computational complexity. Both are for calculating fault-detection tests for digital circuits. The first one is the so-called composite justification, and the second is the D-algorithm. The analysis will be performed on combinational logic networks at the gate level. Here single and multiple stuck-at logic faults will be considered. As a result, it is pointed out that the composite justification requires significantly less computational step than the D-algorithm and its modifications. From this fact it has been concluded that possibly no other algorithm is available in this field with fewer computational steps. If it holds, then it follows directly that the test calculation problem is of exponential-time, and so are any other NP-complete problems.
Epi-fingerprinting and epi-interventions for improved crop production and food quality

Increasing crop production at a time of rapid climate change represents the greatest challenge facing contemporary agricultural research. Our understanding of the genetic control of yield derives from controlled field experiments designed to minimize environmental variance. In spite of these efforts there is substantial residual variability among plants attributable to Genotype × Environment interactions. Recent advances in the field of epigenetics have revealed a plethora of gene control mechanisms that could account for much of this unassigned variation. These systems act as a regulatory interface between the perception of the environment and associated alterations in gene expression. Direct intervention of epigenetic control systems hold the enticing promise of creating new sources of variability that could enhance crop performance. Equally, understanding the relationship between various epigenetic states and responses of the crop to specific aspects of the growing environment (epigenetic fingerprinting) could allow for a more tailored approach to plant agronomy. In this review, we explore the many ways in which epigenetic interventions and epigenetic fingerprinting can be deployed for the improvement of crop production and quality.
Against All Odds: Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Workers Seek to Improve Their Lives Through the GED and it’s Impact on Parent Involvement

Our presentation will focus upon a group of seasonal agricultural workers, enrolled in GED classes. To what extent are Latino parents currently involved in the schooling of their children? Does studying for the GED impact the depth and scope of their involvement? What implications does this have for increasing parent involvement in schools? In particular, how can more fathers become engaged in schools?
Nuclear receptors Sf1 and Dax1 function cooperatively to mediate somatic cell differentiation during testis development

Mutations of orphan nuclear receptors SF1 and DAX1 each cause adrenal insufficiency and gonadal dysgenesis in humans, although the pathological features are distinct. Because Dax1 antagonizes Sf1-mediated transcription in vitro, we hypothesized that Dax1 deficiency would compensate for allelic loss of Sf1. In studies of the developing testis, expression of the fetal Leydig cell markers Cyp17 and Cyp11a1 was reduced in heterozygous Sf1-deficient mice at E13.5, consistent with dose-dependent effects of Sf1. In Sf1/Dax1 (Sf1 heterozygous and Dax1-deleted) double mutant gonads, the expression of these genes was unexpectedly reduced further, indicating that loss of Dax1 did not compensate for reduced Sf1 activity. The Sertoli cell product Dhh was reduced in Sf1 heterozygotes at E11.5, and it was undetectable in Sf1/Dax1 double mutants, indicating that Sf1 and Dax1 function cooperatively to induce Dhh expression. Similarly, Amh expression was reduced in both Sf1 and Dax1 single mutants at E11.5, and it was not rescued by the Sf1/Dax1 double mutant. By contrast, Sox9 was expressed in single and in double mutants, suggesting that various Sertoli cell genes are differentially sensitive to Sf1 and Dax1 function. Reduced expression of Dhh and Amh was transient, and was largely restored by E12.5. Similarly, there was recovery of fetal Leydig cell markers by E14.5, indicating that loss of Sf1/Dax1 delays but does not preclude fetal Leydig cell development. Thus, although Sf1 and Dax1 function as transcriptional antagonists for many target genes in vitro, they act independently or cooperatively in vivo during male gonadal development.
TV commercial detection in news program videos

Detection of the commercials in TV videos is hard because the diversity of them puts up a rather high barrier to finding an appropriate model. After some studies of existing commercial detection works, we try to deal with this problem through a top-down approach. We select some commercial features by conjecturing the thoughts of both commercial producers and the audiences. By combining the commercial features with a video scene detection mechanism, a two-level commercial detection scheme is proposed. Experiments show the good results of the proposed scheme in detecting commercials in news program videos.
Component Interoperabilty Using Aspect Oriented Approach

Component-Based Software Engineering is an emergent discipline that is generating tremendous interest due to the development of plug and play reusable software, which has led to the concept of 'commercial off the shelf' (COTS) components. This approach moves organizations from application development to application assembly. In this paper we are making two components interact with each other. The components are functionally compatible to each other but there are other incompatibilities which will be resolved using Adapter. The components are coded in java and the adapter is implemented using AspectJ.
The eccentricity-mass distribution of exoplanets: signatures of different formation mechanisms?

We examine the distributions of eccentricity and host star metallicity of exoplanets as a function of their mass. Planets with $M \sin i \ga 4$ M J have an eccentricity distribution consistent with that of binary stars, while planets with $M \sin i \la 4$ M J are less eccentric than binary stars and more massive planets. In addition, host star metallicities decrease with planet mass. The statistical significance of both of these trends is only marginal with the present sample of exoplanets. To account for these trends, we hypothesize that there are two populations of gaseous planets: the low-mass population forms by gas accretion onto a rock-ice core in a circumstellar disk and is more abundant at high metallicities, and the high-mass population forms directly by fragmentation of a pre-stellar cloud. Planets of the first population form in initially circular orbits and grow their eccentricities later, and may have a mass upper limit from the total mass of the disk that can be accreted by the core. The second population may have a mass lower limit resulting from opacity-limited fragmentation. This would roughly divide the two populations in mass, although they would likely overlap over some mass range. If most objects in the second population form before the pre-stellar cloud becomes highly opaque, they would have to be initially located in orbits larger than ~30 AU, and would need to migrate to the much smaller orbits in which they are observed. The higher mean orbital eccentricity of the second population might be caused by the larger required intervals of radial migration, and the brown dwarf desert might be due to the inability of high-mass brown dwarfs to migrate inwards sufficiently in radius.
A Novel Virus–Host Cell Membrane Interaction

Studies on the virus–cell interactions have proven valuable in elucidating vital cellular processes. Interestingly, certain virus–host membrane interactions found in eukaryotic systems seem also to operate in prokaryotes (Bamford, D.H., M. Romantschuk, and P.J. Somerharju, 1987. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 6:1467–1473; Romantschuk, M. , V.M. Olkkonen, and D.H. Bamford. 1988. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 7:1821–1829). φ6 is an enveloped double-stranded RNA virus infecting a gram-negative bacterium. The viral entry is initiated by fusion between the virus membrane and host outer membrane, followed by delivery of the viral nucleocapsid (RNA polymerase complex covered with a protein shell) into the host cytosol via an endocytic-like route. In this study, we analyze the interaction of the nucleocapsid with the host plasma membrane and demonstrate a novel approach for dissecting the early events of the nucleocapsid entry process. The initial binding of the nucleocapsid to the plasma membrane is independent of membrane voltage (ΔΨ) and the K+ and H+ gradients. However, the following internalization is dependent on plasma membrane voltage (ΔΨ), but does not require a high ATP level or K+ and H+ gradients. Moreover, the nucleocapsid shell protein, P8, is the viral component mediating the membrane–nucleocapsid interaction.
Rumour detection and monitoring in open source intelligence: understanding publishing behaviours as a prerequisite

In the context of information warfare, rumour detection has become a central issue. From classical media-related campaign, to propaganda and indoctrination that lie at the core of terrorism, rumour is a mean widely used and thus a threat that must be identified as soon as possible, and in the best-case scenario, anticipated and curbed. The emergence of a new informational environment due to the adoption of the Internet as a massive information diffusion medium has led to a situation suitable to the creation and propagation of rumours. Indeed, the Web gives everyone not only the possibility to observe information flows but also the opportunity to influence and create them. In order to tackle the issue of rumour detection, one has to understand the mechanisms underlying their propagation. In this perspective, we believe that it is essential to identify and understand the publishing behaviours of the sources. Therefore, we focus in this paper on the identification of groups of sources with similar publishing characteristics. We propose to tackle this problematic by using clustering methods on data extracted from Web sources. The resulting clusters obtained from the clustering are then interpreted as groups of Websites behaving similarly and used to characterize publishing behaviours.
Valuation of credit default swap and parameter estimation for Vasicek-type hazard rate model

It is a significant and difficult problem how default should be modeled for estimating the value of credit derivatives. This article is made up of two parts --theoretical one and empirical one. We first concentrate upon a kind of credit derivatives called credit default swap and discuss its valuation. The other objective is to present the method of estimating parameters on Vasicek type model such as stochastic differential equations models of term structure and illustrate some simulation examples. (This article based on our contributing paper.)
The effects of jitter on the peceptual quality of video

Today’s powerful computers and networks present the opportunity for video across the Internet right to the desktop. However, Internet video often suffers from packet loss and jitter, degrading the user’s perceived quality of the video. Understanding the effects of delay, loss and jitter on media quality is critical for choosing delay buffer sizes and packet repair techniques. While the effects of packet loss on perceptual quality are well-understood, to date there have not been careful user studies measuring the impact of jitter on perceptual quality. The major contributions of this work are carefully designed experiments that measure and compare the impact of both jitter and packet loss on perceptual quality of packet video. We find that jitter degrades perceptual quality nearly as much as does packet loss, and that perceptual quality degrades sharply even with low 1eveIs of jitter or packet loss as compared to perceptual quality for perfect video.
Data Cleaning Using Fd from Data Mining Process

Functional Dependency (FD) is an important feature for referencing to the relationship between attributes and candidate keys in tuples. It also shows the relationship between entities in a data model (Calvanese et al. 2001). In research areas of data cleaning (Arenas et al. 1999; Bohannon et al. 2005), the FD is used for improving the data quality. In a data mining research, an FD discovery technique has been studied (Savnik and Flach 1993; Huhtala et al. 1999). However, an FD discovery could find too many FDs and, if use directly in a cleaning process, could cause it to NP time (Bohannon et al. 2005). In this research, we have developed a cleaning engine by combining an FD discovery technique with data cleaning technique and use the feature in query optimization called " Selectivity Value " to decrease the number of FDs discovered. Preliminary testing results showed that this work can identify duplicates and anomalies with high recall and low false positive.
HOW COMPLEX IS THE OBSCURATION IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI? NEW CLUES FROM THE SUZAKU MONITORING OF THE X-RAY ABSORBERS IN NGC 7582

We present the results of a Suzaku monitoring campaign of the Seyfert 2 galaxy, NGC 7582. The source is characterized by very rapid (on timescales even lower than a day) changes of the column density of an inner absorber, together with the presence of constant components arising as reprocessing from a Compton-thick material. The best-fitting scenario implies important modifications to the zeroth-order view of Unified Models. While the existence of a pc-scale torus is needed in order to produce a constant Compton reflection component and an iron Kα-emission line, in this Seyfert 2 galaxy this is not viewed along the line of sight. On the other hand, the absorption of the primary continuum is due to another material, much closer to the black hole, roughly at the distance of the broad-line region, which can produce the observed rapid spectral variability. On top of that, the constant presence of a 1022 cm−2 column density can be ascribed to the presence of a dust lane, extended on a galactic scale, as previously confirmed by Chandra. There is now mounting evidence that complexity in the obscuration of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) may be the rule rather than the exception. We therefore propose to modify the Unification Model, adding to the torus the presence of two further absorbers/emitters. Their combination along the line of sight can reproduce all the observed phenomenology.
An Association Between Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Mortality From Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases in Japan

Background Evidence for a link between long-term exposure to air pollution and lung cancer is limited to Western populations. In this prospective cohort study, we examined this association in a Japanese population. Methods The study comprised 63 520 participants living in 6 areas in 3 Japanese prefectures who were enrolled between 1983 and 1985. Exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was assessed using data from monitoring stations located in or nearby each area. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios associated with the average concentrations of these air pollutants. Results The 10-year average concentrations of PM2.5, SO2, and NO2 before recruitment (1974–1983) were 16.8 to 41.9 µg/m3, 2.4 to 19.0 ppb, and 1.2 to 33.7 ppb, respectively (inter-area range). During an average follow-up of 8.7 years, there were 6687 deaths, including 518 deaths from lung cancer. The hazard ratios for lung cancer mortality associated with a 10-unit increase in PM2.5 (µg/m3), SO2 (ppb), and NO2 (ppb) were 1.24 (95% confidence interval: 1.12–1.37), 1.26 (1.07–1.48), and 1.17 (1.10–1.26), respectively, after adjustment for tobacco smoking and other confounding factors. In addition, a significant increase in risk was observed for male smokers and female never smokers. Respiratory diseases, particularly pneumonia, were also significantly associated with all the air pollutants. Conclusions Long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with lung cancer and respiratory diseases in Japan.
Computing Exact P-values in Incomplete Multi-way Tables

I develop a new Markov chain algorithm for sampling from sets of multi-way contingency tables defined by an arbitrary set of fixed marginals and by lower and upper bounds constraints on cell counts. My procedure is called the Bounds Sampling Algorithm (BSA) and it relies on the existence of a method to calculate lower and upper bounds for cell entries. BSA accommodates any pattern of structural zeros or, more generally, of missing cells. I investigate the validity of my approach in several examples, some of which have
Guided Classification System for Conceptual Overlapping Classes in OpenStreetMap

The increased development of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) and its potential role in GIScience studies raises questions about the resulting data quality. Several studies address VGI quality from various perspectives like completeness, positional accuracy, consistency, etc. They mostly have consensus on the heterogeneity of data quality. The problem may be due to the lack of standard procedures for data collection and absence of quality control feedback for voluntary participants. In our research, we are concerned with data quality from the classification perspective. Particularly in VGI-mapping projects, the limited expertise of participants and the non-strict definition of geographic features lead to conceptual overlapping classes, where an entity could plausibly belong to multiple classes, e.g., lake or pond, park or garden, marsh or swamp, etc. Usually, quantitative and/or qualitative characteristics exist that distinguish between classes. Nevertheless, these characteristics might not be recognizable for non-expert participants. In previous work, we developed the rule-guided classification approach that guides participants to the most appropriate classes. As exemplification, we tackle the conceptual overlapping of some grass-related classes. For a given data set, our approach presents the most highly recommended classes for each entity. In this paper, we present the validation of our approach. We implement a web-based application called Grass&Green that presents recommendations for crowdsourcing validation. The findings show the applicability of the proposed approach. In four months, the application attracted 212 participants from more than 35 countries who checked 2,865 entities. The results indicate that 89% of the contributions fully/partially agree with our recommendations. We then carried out a detailed analysis that demonstrates the potential of this enhanced data classification. This research encourages the development of customized applications that target a particular geographic feature.