Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bifunctional CD4-DC-SIGN Fusion Proteins Demonstrate Enhanced 1 Avidity to gp120 and Inhibit HIV-1 Infection and Dissemination 2

: 248 words. Text: 4826 words. 2 tables + 3 figures. ABSTRACT 26 Early stages of mucosal infection are potential targets for HIV-1 prevention. CD4 is 27 the primary receptor in HIV-1 infection while DC-SIGN likely plays an important role 28 in HIV-1 dissemination in particular during sexual transmission. To test the hypothesis 29 that an inhibitor simultaneously targeting both CD4 and DC-SIGN binding sites on 30 gp120 may provide a potent anti-HIV strategy, we designed constructs by fusing the 31 extracellular CD4 and DC-SIGN domains together with varied arrangements of the 32 lengths of CD4, DC-SIGN and the linker. We expressed, purified and characterized a 33 series of soluble CD4-linker-DC-SIGN (CLD) fusion proteins. Several CLDs, 34 composed of a longer linker and an extra neck domain of DC-SIGN, had enhanced 35 affinity for gp120 as evidenced by molecular interaction analysis. Furthermore, such 36 CLDs exhibited significantly enhanced neutralization activity against both laboratory- 37 adapted and primary HIV-1 isolates. Moreover, CLDs efficiently inhibited HIV-1 38 infection in trans via a DC-SIGN expressing cell line and primary human dendritic 39 cells. This was further strengthened by the results from the human cervical explant 40 model, showing that CLDs potently prevented both localized and disseminated 41 infections. This is the first time that sDC-SIGN-based bifunctional proteins have 42 demonstrated anti-HIV potency. Our study provides proof-of-concept that targeting 43 both CD4 and DC-SIGN binding sites on gp120 represents a novel antiviral strategy. 44 Given that DC-SIGN binding to gp120 increases exposure of the CD4 binding site 45 and that the soluble forms of CD4 and DC-SIGN occur in vivo, further improvement 46 of CLDs may render their potential to be used as prophylaxis or therapeutics. infection and dissemination was also evaluated in a human cervical explant model. Our findings demonstrate that several CLDs had significantly enhanced avidity to gp120 and much improved anti-HIV activity and could potently prevent both localized and disseminated infections of HIV-1. Our study proves a concept that targeting both CD4 and DC-SIGN binding sites on gp120 represents a novel antiviral strategy, and may have implications for the development of CD4/DC-SIGN based therapeutic and prophylactic antiretrovirals.
Development of supply chain management models in rice production to improve food endurance and security in Demak Regency

Food is the main basic needs for human that must be fulfilling at all times. The right to obtain food is one of human right, as it stated in the article 27 of the 1945 Constitution and in the Rome Declaration (1996). The aim of this study is to find out and analyze the development of supply chain management models that are used to maximize rice production in order to improve food security and security in Demak Regency. The conclusion of this study is to increase the ratio of rice fulfillment and creates the efficiency in supply chain management.
The relationship between antisocial personality and drug craving in Chinese male methamphetamine-dependent patients: the mediating role of alexithymia

Background In patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD), antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and alexithymia increase the risk of drug craving, but the relationship between the three of them is unclear. Therefore, this study explored the mediating role of alexithymia in the relationship between ASPD and drug craving. Methods We recruited 524 MUD patients at a drug rehabilitation center in Sichuan Province, China, and assessed ASPD with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), methamphetamine craving with the Desire for Drugs Questionnaire (DDQ), and alexithymia with the Toronto Affective Disorder Scale (TAS-20). Results Compared with MUD patients without ASPD, MUD patients with ASPD had higher DDQ-desire and intention, DDQ-negative reinforcement and DDQ-total scores, as well as TAS-total and their subscale scores (all p < 0.05). Correlation analyses revealed a signi�cant positive correlation between ASPD, alexithymia and drug craving. Mediating effect analysis further indicated that the relationship between ASPD and drug craving was mediated by alexithymia. Conclusions Our study demonstrates for the �rst time that alexithymia
Light-induced Chiral Self-assembly of Achiral Triphenylamines with Controlled Number of Hydrogen Bondings

We report the self-assembly of achiral triphenylamine molecules with different numbers of hydrogen bonding sites. The supramolecular chirality was controlled by the symmetry breaking effect of circularly polarized light (CPL) occurring in the nucleation step. As the number of hydrogen bonding sites increased, the stability of supramolecular helices increased, and reversible transformation of the right-and left-handed helices by CPL became feasible only with aid of ultra-sonication. In contrast, triphenylamine molecules without hydrogen bonding sites did not undergo light-induced self-assembly.
SYVN1-mediated ubiquitylation directs the localization of MCT4 in plasma membrane to promote the progression of lung adenocarcinoma

Tumor cells mainly generate energy from glycolysis that is commonly coupled with lactate production even under normoxic conditions. As one critical lactate transporter, monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is highly expressed in glycolytic tissues like muscles and tumors. Overexpression of MCT4 is associated with poor prognosis for patients with various tumors. However, it remains largely unknown how MCT4 function is post-translationally regulated. Taking advantage of human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells, this study reveals MCT4 can be polyubiquitylated in a non-proteolytic manner by SYVN1 E3 ubiquitin ligase. The polyubiquitylation facilitates the localization of MCT4 into the plasma membrane that enhances the activity of MCT4 to export lactate; in accordance, SYVN1 knockdown effectively reprograms metabolism that is characterized by reduced glycolysis and lactate production, which can be reversed by ectopic MCT4 expression. Biologically, SYVN1 knockdown successfully compromises cell proliferation and tumor xenograft growth in mouse models. Clinicopathologically, overexpression of SYVN1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with LUAD, highlighting the importance of SYVN1-MCT4 axis contributes to the progression of LUAD through metabolic reprograming.
patterns from single-molecule

Motivation: Unlike conventional microscopy which produces pixelated images, SMLM produces data in the form of a list of localization coordinates – a spatial point pattern (SPP). Often, such SPPs are analyzed using cluster analysis algorithms to quantify molecular clustering within, for example, the plasma membrane. While SMLM cluster analysis is now well developed, techniques for analyzing fibrous structures remain poorly explored. Results: Here, we demonstrate statistical methodology, based on Ripley’s K-function to quantitatively assess fibrous structures in 2D SMLM data sets. Using simulated data, we present the underlying theory to describe fiber spatial arrangements and show how these descriptions can be quantitatively derived from pointillist data sets. We also demonstrate the techniques on experimental data acquired using the image reconstruction by integrating exchangeable single-molecule localization (IRIS) approach to SMLM, in the context of the fibrous actin meshwork at the T cell immunological synapse, whose structure has been shown to be important for T cell activation. Availability
Sex-specic prevalence of coronary heart disease among Tehranian adult population across different glycemic status: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, 2008-2011

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the main causes of deaths. Alarmingly Iranian populations had a high rank of CHD worldwide. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of CHD across different glycemic categories. Methods: This study was conducted on 7,718 Tehranian participants (Men=3427) aged ≥ 30 years from 2008 to 2011. They were categorized based on glycemic status. The prevalence of CHD was calculated in each group, separately. CHD was de�ned as hospital records adjudicated by an outcome committee. The association of different glycemic categories with CHD was calculated using multivariate logistic regression, compared with normal fasting glucose /normal glucose tolerance (NFG/NGT) group as reference. Results: The age-standardized prevalence of isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (iIGT), both impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance (IFG/IGT), newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (NDM), and known diabetes mellitus (KDM) were 14.30% [95% con�dence interval (CI): 13.50-15.09], 4.81% [4.32-5.29], 5.19% [4.71-5.67], 5.79% [5.29-6.28] and 7.72% [7.17-8.27], respectively. Among a total of 750 individuals diagnosed as cases of CHD (398 in men), 117 (15.6%), 453 (60.4%), and 317 (42.3%) individuals had history of myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac procedure, and unstable angina, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence of CHD for Tehranian population was 7.71% [7.18-8.24] in total population, 8.62 [7.81-9.44] in men and 7.19 [6.46-7.93] in women. Moreover, among diabetic participants, the age-standardized prevalence of CHD were 13.10 [9.83-16.38] in men 10.67 [8.90-12.44] in women, respectively
Morphological Characterisation of Printed Nanostructured Networks using High-resolution 3D FIB-SEM Nanotomography

Networks of solution-processed nanomaterials are becoming increasingly important across applications in electronics, sensing and energy storage/generation. Although the physical properties of these devices are often completely dominated by network morphology, the network structure itself remains di�cult to interrogate. Here, we utilise FIB-SEM nanotomography to quantitatively characterise the morphology of nanostructured networks and their devices using nanometre-resolution 3D images. The in�uence of nanosheet/nanowire size on network structure in printed �lms of graphene, WS 2 and silver nanosheets, as well as networks of silver nanowires, is investigated. We present a comprehensive toolkit to extract morphological characteristics including network porosity, tortuosity, speci�c surface area, pore dimensions and nanosheet orientation, which we link to network resistivity. By extending this technique to interrogate the structure and interfaces within vertical printed heterostacks, we demonstrate the potential of this technique for device characterisation and optimisation.
HSI Shadow Enhancement Based on D-DSR and Classification with Parameter Optimization

—Hyperspectral image (HSI) has been widely applied in many fields because of its rich ground target information. Classification is one of the effective means to explore the information in HSIs. However, some HSIs contain shadow areas due to lighting, occlusion and other reasons, usually treated as a separate category or discarded directly. Most image enhancement methods remove the noise in the shadow regions with the loss of many valuable signals. Dynamic stochastic resonance (DSR) can enhance the signal by using noise to generate resonance. Therefore, a double dynamic stochastic resonance (D-DSR) method of shadow enhancement is proposed in this paper by twice successive DSRs in the spatial dimension of HSI. Meanwhile, a parameter-optimized convolution neural network (CNN) model is presented and applied to HSI classification. Firstly, through the horizontal and vertical sampling in two different spatial directions, the shadow area can be enhanced by D-DSR while maintaining the consistency of the enhancement degree of the horizontal and vertical textures. Secondly, the enhanced HSI can be obtained by fusing the shadow area processed by D-DSR with the original image. Thirdly, with parameter optimization, CNN can be used to classify the enhanced HSI. Finally, to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, the comparative experiments are conducted on a real-world HSI. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can help improve the classification and has potential prospects in HSI processing.
A diagrammatic description of the equations of motion, current and noise within the second-order von Neumann approach

We investigate the second-order von Neumann approach from a diagrammatic point of view and demonstrate its equivalence with the resonant tunneling approximation. The investigation of higher order diagrams shows that the method correctly reproduces the equation of motion for the single-particle reduced density matrix of an arbitrary non-interacting many-body system. This explains why the method reproduces the current exactly for such systems. We go on to show, however, that diagrams not included in the method are needed to calculate exactly higher cumulants of the charge transport. This thorough comparison sheds light on the validity of all these self-consistent second-order approaches. We analyze the discrepancy between the noise calculated by our method and the exact Levitov formula for a simple non-interacting quantum dot model. Furthermore, we study the noise of the canyon of current suppression in a two-level dot, a phenomenon that requires the inclusion of electron–electron interaction as well as higher order tunneling processes.
NEW DIRECTIONS OF PALYNOLOGY IN ETHNOBIOLOGY

Archaeological palynology, fairly new as a discipline, originated in studies conducted less than 50 years ago. During this early developmental stage, it suffered because of: (1) inadequate communication between botanically-oriented palynologists and field archaeologists, (2) differences in conceptual orientation between archaeologists and archaeological palynologists, (3) fossil pollen studies of archaeological sites often had been incorporated into final reports only as appendices, (4) a growing number of studies on the fossil pollen remains of archaeological sites were published almost exclusively in "contract­ type" reports where the number of printed copies was limited and distri­ bution is restricted, and (5) sophisticated, statistical techniques had not been applied to fossil pollen data from archaeological sites. Our article, after a brief history of archaeological palynology, discusses some of the applications of fossil pollen data in archaeology, and offers suggestions and concerns about the course of the discipline in the years to come.
The Effect of Inflation, Unemployment, and Poverty on Economic Growth in Indonesia (Literature Review)

: Theopurpose of this article is to examine the effect of inflation, unemployement, and poverty on economic growth in Indonesia. The metodology for this article is library research based on online mediaxsuch asa Google Scholar, x Mendeley sandsother academic onlinesmedia. The result prove that 1) Inflation affects Economic Growth; 2) Unemployment affects Economic Growth; dan 3) Poverty affects Economic Growth. Other factors that affect economic growth including investment, export, and infrastructure.
The Radicalization of Contention in Northern Ireland, 1968-1972: A Relational Perspective

This article investigates the radicalization of contention in Northern Ireland between 1968 and 1972 using a relational perspective and methodological approach. Two arenas of contention, movement-countermovement interactions and the structure of political opportunities and threats, are examined to understand the outbreak of the "Troubles" in Northern Ireland. The evolution of radical contention is explored through Quantitative Narrative Analysis (QNA), an innovative method that systematically records social actors and their interactions within an event. Relying on computer-assisted story grammars [the Subject (S) - Action (A) - Object (O) sequence and their modifiers] to parse narrative data, 6,035 semantic triplets were stored in a relational database. Sequential network models are used to analyze the database and reconstruct the nature and evolution of the interactions among the main political actors involved in the Troubles. Four distinct phases of the conflict are unveiled through network models of vi.
Enhanced delivery of low-dose of aducanumab via FUS in 5xFAD mice, an AD model

Background Aducanumab (Adu), which is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets oligomer and �bril forms of beta-amyloid (Aβ), has been reported to reduce amyloid pathology and improve impaired cognition after the administration of a high dose (10 mg/kg) of the drug in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical trials. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a lower dose of Adu (3mg/kg) with enhanced delivery via focused ultrasound (FUS) in an AD mouse model. Methods The FUS with microbubbles opened the blood-brain barrier of the hippocampus for the delivery of Aducanumab. Combined therapy of FUS and Aducanumab was performed three times in total and each treatment was performed biweekly. Y-maze test, Brdu labeling, immunohistochemical experimental methods were employed in this study. In addition, RNA sequencing and ingenuity pathway analysis were employed to investigate gene expression pro�les in the hippocampi of experimental animals.
University of Birmingham Familiality and SNP heritability of age at onset and episodicity in major depressive disorder

Background. Strategies to dissect phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of major depressive disorder (MDD) have mainly relied on subphenotypes, such as age at onset (AAO) and recurrence/episodicity. Yet, evidence on whether these subphenotypes are familial or heritable is scarce. The aims of this study are to investigate the familiality of AAO and episode frequency in MDD and to assess the proportion of their variance explained by common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP heritability).
Mapracorat, a selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist, causes apoptosis of eosinophils infiltrating the conjunctiva in late-phase experimental ocular allergy

Background: Mapracorat, a novel nonsteroidal selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist, has been proposed for the topical treatment of inflammatory disorders as it binds with high affinity and selectivity to the human glucocorticoid receptor and displays a potent anti-inflammatory activity, but in controlling the late phase of ocular allergic conjunctivitis and is a promising candidate for the topical treatment of allergic eye disorders.
Accessibility of Saudi Delivery Applications for Visually Impaired Users

This study explores accessibility issues related to registration, payment forms, and food menus of food delivery applications in Saudi Arabia for visually impaired users. It evaluates them based on the last version of Web Accessibility Guidelines WCAG 2.2 provided by The World Wide Web Consortium W3C, which is a document that explains how to make web content more accessible to people with disabilities
Self-Perceived Loneliness and Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Two-Wave Replication Study

12 COVID-19 studies to date have documented some of the initial health 13 consequences of lockdown restrictions adopted by many countries. Combining a 14 data-driven machine learning paradigm and a statistical analysis approach, our 15 previous paper documented a U-shape pattern in levels of self-perceived 16 loneliness in both the UK and Greek populations during the first lockdown (17 17 April to 17 July 2020). The current paper aimed to test the robustness of these 18 results. Specifically, we tested a ) for the dependence of the chosen model by 19 adopting a new one - namely, support vector regressor (SVR). Furthermore, b ) 20 whether the patterns of self-perceived loneliness found in data from the first UK 21 national lockdown could be generalizable to the second wave of the UK lockdown 22 (17 October 2020 to 31 January 2021). The first part of the study involved training 23 an SVR model on the 75% of the UK dataset from wave 1 (n total = 435). This 24 SVR model was then tested on the remaining 25% of data (MSE training = 2.04; 25 MSE test = 2.29), which resulted in depressive symptoms to be the most important 26 variable - followed by self-perceived loneliness. Statistical analysis of depressive 27 symptoms by week of lockdown resulted in a significant U-shape pattern between 28 week 3 to 7 of lockdown. In the second part of the study, data from wave 2 of the 29 UK lockdown (n = 263) was used to conduct a graphical and statistical inspections 30 of the week-by-week distribution of scores regarding self-perceived loneliness. 31 Despite a graphical U-shaped pattern between week 3 and 9 of lockdown, levels 32 of loneliness were not between weeks of lockdown. Consistent with past studies, 33 study findings suggest that self-perceived loneliness and depressive symptoms 34 may be two of the most relevant symptoms to address when imposing lockdown 35 restrictions. 36
Exact Stochastic Simulation of Coupled Chemical Reactions

Publication costs assisted by the Naval Weapons Center There are two formalisms for mathematically describing the time behavior of a spatially homogeneous chemical system: The deterministic approach regards the time evolution as a continuous, wholly predictable process which is governed by a set of coupled, ordinary differential equations (the " reaction-rate equations "); the stochastic approach regards the time evolution as a kind of random-walk process which is governed by a single differential difference equation (the " master equation "). Fairly simple kinetic theory arguments show that the stochastic formulation of chemical kinetics has a firmer physical basis than the deterministic formulation, but unfortunately the stochastic master equation is often mathematically intractable. There is, however, a way to make exact numerical calculations within the framework of the stochastic formulation without having to deal with the master equation directly. It is a relatively simple digital computer algorithm which uses a rigorously derived Monte Carlo procedure to numerically simulate the time evolution of the given chemical system. Like the master equation, this " stochastic simulation algorithm " correctly accounts for the inherent fluctuations and correlations that are necessarily ignored in the deterministic formulation. In addition, unlike most procedures for numerically solving the deterministic reaction-rate equations, this algorithm never approximates infinitesimal time increments dt by finite time steps At. The feasibility and utility of the simulation algorithm are demonstrated by applying it to several well-known model chemical systems, including the Lotka model, the Brusselator, and the Oregonator.
The Geological Results of Measurements of Gravity in the Welsh Borders

Summary The gravity measurements made by members of the Department of Geodesy and Geophysics of Cambridge University in the Welsh Borders from 1947 bo 1950 are described and the geological results discussed. The methods of measurement and the calculation of the gravity anomalies are not given in detail since they have already been discussed elsewhere. The data given in the paper in the form of a map of the Bouger anomalies are probably consistent to within ±0–25 mgl. At the Malvern Hills the Bouguer anomalies change rapidly from about —25 mgl. on the east to about -(-5 mgl. on the west. A probable interpretation is that there is a deep basin east of the Malverns, filled mostly with Triassic rocks, reaching a depth of nearly 10,000 feet near Worcester and bounded on the west by a surface sloping down at about 45° from the Malvern Hills. It is suggested that the basin was formed by faults, the movement along which began in late Carboniferous times and ended in late Triassic times. Large variations of anomaly in the Welsh Borders appear to have no relation to the known geology and are probably due to heavy Pre-Cambrian masses, particularly in the Black Mountains and near Leominster. The Church Stretton disturbance appears to be marked only by a slight maximum anomaly.