Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Further Study of the Validity of a Test of Social Intelligence

In an earlier study2 the writer pointed out that the Thorndike Intelligence Examination and the Moss Social Intelligence Test were measuring the same variable or variables to a marked degree. This tends to refute the concept of social intelligence as being a phase different from academic or abstract intelligence, unless we investigate further the relationship of the measures yielded by the tests. This report is concerned with the study of paired scores yielded by Part III (the reading section) of the Thorndike Intelligence Examina tion, by the total battery of tests of the Thorndike Intelligence Examina tion, Series of 1925-1929, and by the Moss Social Intelligence Test. The records of 646 college freshmen were considered. The data were obtained in the State Teachers College of San Diego during two school years, 1927-1929. The three distributions are summarized in Table I.
La prise de décision dans les groupes d'amis: Une étude exploratoire

Ce papier présente les résultats d'une étude exploratoire interprétative de la prise de décision dans les groupes d'amis. Les particularités du groupe en tant qu'unité de prise de décision sont d'abord mises en évidence. Quatre étapes majeures du processus de prise de décision sont ensuite identifiées: la suggestion, la discussion et l'évaluation des alternatives, la distribution des tâches et des rôles, l'évaluation post-expérientielle. La problématique des conflits et de leur résolution est également explorée.
Veterans’ Transitions to Community College: A Case Study

Veterans on college campuses are not new; however, the recent influx of veterans returning home from war-time service present challenges to the colleges they attend. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to examine the transition process experienced by veterans leaving military service and attending community college for the first time. This study sought to understand the process veterans experience as they leave overseas deployment in support of wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and negotiate the various changes such a transition entails. Using Schlossberg's (1984) Theory of Adult Transitions as the guiding framework, three themes emerged regarding how veterans manage this transition: academic experiences, personal relationships and connections, and benefit bureaucracy. These findings could be used to help community colleges better serve this special population.
Compositional logic programming

Relational program derivation has gathered momentum over the last decade with the development of many specification logics. However, before such relational specifications can be executed in existing programming languages, they must be carefully phrased to respect the evaluation order of the language. In turn, this requirement inhibits the rapid prototyping of specifications in a relational notation. The aim of this thesis is to bridge the gap between the methodology and practice of relational program derivation by realising a compositional style of logic programming that permits specifications to be phrased naturally and executed declaratively. The first contribution of this thesis is the identification of a collection of desiderata that sets out the particular language requirements necessary to support our notion of compositionality. Thus, from the outset, we differentiate between the execution of specifications and programs, the latter an enterprise best left to the likes of Prolog and Mercury. Compositionality is obtained in this thesis by translating higher-order elements of functional programming style into the logic paradigm. By doing so, these elements become enriched with the extra expressiveness fostered by nondeterminism, logic variables, and program converses. Another contribution of this thesis is the demonstration that a curried representation of programming terms in a compositional logic language is sufficient to provide the desired higher-order facilities without the need for either extra-logical predicates or higher-order unification. A further contribution of this thesis is the rediscovery of fair SLD-resolution as a fundamental way to guarantee termination of compositional programs within the confines of resolution. Unfortunately, though, fair SLD-resolution using the ‘breadthfirst’ computation rule exhibits efficiency behaviour that is difficult to predict. Consequently, this thesis proposes and implements two novel versions of fair SLD-resolution that overcome the deficiencies of the breadth-first computation rule. The first strategy, based on a new formulation of tabled evaluation, restores efficiency by eliminating redundant computation and also inherits the extra termination benefits intrinsic to tabled evaluation. The second strategy, called prioritised fair SLD-resolution, selects literals in a goal from those whose resolution is known to terminate at the expense of the others. Prioritised resolution centres around an original adaptation of an existing termination analysis for logic programs. Although termination analysis has recently been used to verify the correctness of logic programs, its application in this thesis to improve the efficiency of compositional programs is new. To my parents, Elizabeth and Roderick Care, mad to see a man sae happy, E’en drown’d himsel amang the nappy! As bees flee hame wi’ lades o’ treasure, The minutes wing’d their way wi’ pleasure: Kings may be blest, but Tam was glorious. O’er a’ the ills o’ life victorious! Robert Burns, Tam O’Shanter.
Joint working and spare capacity assignment for anycast streaming in survivable networks protected by p-Cycles

p-Cycles provide very interesting method of protecting computer networks against failures. They have been recently used to protect anycast flows, using concept of Anycast-Protecting p-Cycles. This novel technique is a p-cycle with special properties dedicated for protection of anycast traffic. They have been proved to be very effective. In this paper we use Anycast-Protecting p-Cycles to formulate a new problem, with working and spare capacity assignment. We present a detailed description of an ILP (Integer Linear Programming) model, optimal and reference algorithms, results and extended analysis.
Detection of VIM- and IMP-type Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Patients in Two Hospitals in Tehran.

BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii, is an opportunistic pathogen and is responsible for numerous nosocomial infections. In recent years, this microorganism has been resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. One of the most important mechanisms of resistance in this microorganism is production of metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs). OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to detect VIM- and IMP-type metallo-beta-lactamase genes in Acinetobacter baumanniiisolates from patients in two Hospitals in Tehran. MATERIALS AND METHODS 104 isolates were tested using the PCR method for the identification of VIM- and IMP-type genes. RESULTS vim1, vim2, imp1 and imp2 genes were detected in 6.7%, 41.7%, 50% and 1.7% of the isolates from Tehran Heart Center, and in 29.5%, 38.6%, 4.5% and 4.5% of the isolates from Shahid Mutahhari Hospital respectively. DISCUSSIONS Our analysis revealed that the majority of the isolates had at least one of these genes, indicating that MBLs production is an important resistance mechanism in Acinetobacter baumannii.
Reconstruction of an object from its symmetry-averaged diffraction pattern

By suitably generalizing the Fourier constraint projection in the difference map phasing algorithm, an object can be reconstructed from its diffraction pattern even when the latter has been incoherently averaged over a discrete group of symmetries. This resolves an ambiguity in the recent proposal for aligning molecules by means of their anisotropic dielectric interaction with an intense light field. The algorithm is demonstrated with simulated data in two and three dimensions.
The relationship between marital dissolution and suicide: the Canadian case

A multivariate methodology is applied to test "the hypothesis that provinces with high levels of divorce experience increased rates of suicide. Aggregate data for Canadas provinces and territories for 1971 and 1978 provide strong support for this prediction thus indicating similarity in patterns with the United States. " The author employs the following control variables in a multiple regression analysis: percentage of population with university education percentage Roman Catholic the interprovince immigration rate and the provincial marriage rate. The results are compared to previous findings for the United States. (EXCERPT)
Acquisitional pragmatics: Focus on foreign language learners

Abstract 1. Introduction Calls for research into the acquisition of pragmatic competence in a second language have been a familiar feature of the interlanguage pragmatic landscape since the 1990s. Indeed, one of the first of these many calls was made as early as 1992 by Kasper in an article focusing on pragmatic transfer. In this article, she writes “… the majority of interlanguage pragmatics studies focus on use, without much attempt to say or even imply anything about development” (1992: 204) (cf. also Kasper & Dahl 1991). This observation was then verbalized rather forcefully in a very influential publication written by Kasper and Schmidt (1996) dedicated exclusively to the acquisition of second language (L2) pragmatic competence and designed “… to profile interlanguage pragmatics as an area of inquiry in second language acquisition research …” (1996: 149). In this seminal publication, they write: Interlanguage pragmatics, the study of the development and use of strategies for linguistic action by nonnative speakers, has a peculiar status in second language research. Unlike other areas of second language study, which are primarily concerned with acquisitional patterns of interlanguage knowledge over time, the great majority of studies in ILP has not been developmental. Rather, focus is given to the ways NNSs' pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic knowledge differs from that of native speakers (NSs) and among learners with different linguistic and cultural backgrounds. To date, ILP has thus been primarily a study of second language use rather than second language learning. (1996: 150)
Incidence of asthma in female Swedish hairdressers

Objective: To investigate the risk of asthma in hairdressers. Methods: The incidence of asthma was retrospectively estimated in a Swedish nationwide study including all female hairdressers certified from vocational schools from 1970 to 1995, and a stratified sample of women from the general population were referents. A postal questionnaire included questions on respiratory tract symptoms, atopy, smoking, working periods as a hairdresser, and number of specific hair treatments performed/week. Reported exposures were validated by occupational hygienists. Rate ratios of incidence (IRRs) of asthma were estimated by Poisson regression, adjusted for calendar year of observation, hay fever, smoking, and region of domicile. Results: The crude incidences of asthma/1000 person-years were: 3.9 during active years as a hairdresser, 2.8 among the hairdressers when not working in the profession, and 3.1 among the referents. The corresponding IRR for being an active hairdresser compared with the referents was 1.3 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.0 to 1.6). Moderate effects on risk of asthma were found both from hairdressing work (IRR=1.6 (1.1 to 2.2) among never-smokers) and from smoking (IRR=1.6 (1.2 to 2.2) among referents). However, the combined effect from hairdressing work and smoking (IRR=1.5 (1.0 to 2.1)) was less than expected (p=0.02). No effect modification by respiratory atopy was found. The hairdressers most often performing hair bleaching treatments (IRR=1.5 (0.7 to 3.0)) or using hair spray (IRR=1.4 (0.8 to 2.4)) had, compared with the most infrequent users, a slightly, but not significantly higher incidence of asthma. Exposure to persulphates in hair bleach was estimated to be 0.04–0.15 mg/m3 during mixing of the powder. Reported average number of bleaching treatments agreed well with those performed according to a diary. Conclusions: Active hairdressing work was associated with a moderately increased incidence of asthma among lifelong non-smokers. The results are moderately supportive, but not conclusive, of associations between asthma and exposure to hair bleach or hair spray.
Serelaxin: a potential new drug for the treatment of acute heart failure

Introduction: The incidence and mortality related to acute heart failure (AHF) have increased in the recent decades despite clinical trials of multiple agents and considerable progress in cardiovascular disease overall. Areas covered: This article reviews serelaxin, a new investigational drug in the treatment of AHF. It provides the background of the available treatments and focuses on serelaxin mechanisms, pharmacology, clinical features and its potential role in AHF. Expert opinion: Recent clinical trials of serelaxin (Pre-RELAX-AHF; RELAX-AHF) have provided a new hope in AHF. They have demonstrated significant serelaxin-related improvement in heart failure symptoms, length of hospital stay as well as mortality reduction in AHF patients. These findings were in the context of early administration in the course of AHF presentation in patients with normal or high blood pressures, thus highlighting the drug’s strengths based on its molecular mechanisms of action. Overall, serelaxin is a promising therapy, and further studies aimed at reproducibility of prior results, safety and hemodynamic effects of serelaxin, as well as investigation of the molecular reasons for such effects are currently under way.
An attack on the proactive RSA signature scheme in the URSA ad hoc network access control protocol

Recently, Luo, et al. in a series of papers [17, 14, 13, 18, 15] proposed a set of protocols for providing ubiquitous and robust access control [URSA] in mobile ad hoc networks without relying on a centralized authority. The URSA protocol relies on the new proactive RSA signature scheme, which allows members in an ad hoc group to make access control decisions in a distributed manner. The proposed proactive RSA signature scheme is assumed secure as long as no more than an allowed threshold of participating members is simultaneously corrupted at any point in the lifetime of the scheme. In this paper we show an attack on this proposed proactive RSA scheme, in which an admissible threshold of malicious group members can completely recover the group RSA secret key in the course of the lifetime of this scheme. Our attack stems from the fact that the threshold signature protocol which is a part of this proactive RSA scheme leaks some seemingly innocuous information about the secret signature key. We show how the corrupted members can in uence the execution of the scheme in such a way so that the slowly leaked information is used to reconstruct the entire shared secret.
A survey of daytime napping in an elderly australian population

Abstract Information on daytime napping was collected from a sample of 500 healthy Australians aged 65 and over in order to establish the characteristics of this phenomenon in a healthy aged population. The total data set was analysed and then broken down into two subsamples (those on sleep medication and those not on sleep medication) for further analysis. Information was obtained on the following: frequency of napping; duration of napping; time of napping; and nocturnal sleep duration. Results indicated that almost 25% of the group studied took a daily nap and that nap frequency increased with age. The average nap duration was approximately 25 minutes and most subjects chose to nap in the postlunch period. The incidence of napping is higher for those on sleep medication and subjects in this group tend to have longer naps. The length of the nocturnal sleep period averaged 399 minutes over the total sample although those who took regular daytime naps tended to have less nocturnal sleep. It is suggested th.
Stochastic model of performance and cost for auto-scaling planning in public cloud

Cloud computing has the potential to reduce the cost of systems on the Internet. Elasticity mechanisms, such as auto-scaling, enable avoiding wastes, delivering only the necessary resources. Defining and implementing an efficient auto-scaling policy is a complex task that depends on the parameter setting, types of VM contracts and the expected workload. All those variables must be taken into account when establishing the tradeoffs between performance and cost to fulfill a given servicelevel agreement (SLA). We propose a stochastic model to assist in cloud planning. The model was validated for a set of significant scenarios by comparing the respective model's results with those obtained from real system measurements. This model takes as input the auto-scaling configuration parameters and the time between user requests. The proposed model is employed to compute throughput, mean response time, and cost of the cloud computing infrastructure setup. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted for identifying the parameters impact on the system performance.
Accounting for change: professional status, gender disadvantage and self‐employment

Research investigating female self‐employment has often highlighted gender‐based differences in the performance of women‐owned firms. Some studies have linked the under‐performance of women‐owned firms to the lower levels of capitalisation used at business inception, associating this with disadvantages accrued in waged work and occupational segregation more generally. Drawing on this association, there has been a tendency to treat self‐employed women as an undifferentiated group, failing to recognise heterogeneity therein. Considers the impact of the possession of professional qualifications on self‐employment and to what degree they might have the potential to mobilise substantial business capital. The discussion explores the influence of gender in the work and career experiences of women and whether the advantages accrued from professional status might challenge gender disadvantage within self‐employment. Results are presented from an exploratory study of male‐owned and female‐owned accountants in independent practice, which suggest that gender disadvantage persists, even within the context of professional practice.
Processes and Effects in the Construction of Social Reality

This study conceptualizes the cultivation effect in terms of the accessibility of information in memory. Contemporary social cognition research indicates that individuals consistenly use the most accessible information in memory as a basis for a variety of judgments. Consistent with this body of literature, the current study demonstrates that, based on a reaction time task, those subjects who watch comparatively more television not only overestimate frequency or probability but also give faster responses to various types of cultivation questions. These results support the notion that relevant information, presumably “cultivated” from television viewing, is more accessible in memory for heavier viewers, and, consistent with predictions made by the availability heuristic literature, overestimations of frequency or probability are associated with this enhanced accessibility. Moreover, when controlling for speed of response in the correlation between television viewing and social reality estimates, the relationship is diminished or disappears entirely, suggesting that enhanced accessibility of relevant information for heavier viewers can at least partially account for the cultivation effect.
Reactivity of Isolated Porcine Coronary Resistance Arteries to Cholinergic and Adrenergic Drugs and Transmural Pressure Changes

The reactivity of porcine intramyocardial resistance arteries (223 ± 7 μm i.d., n = 30) was investigated with a pressurized in vitro preparation. Diameter changes in response to acetylcholine and to adrenergic drugs and dynamic changes in transmural pressure changes were investigated. Acetylcholine produced concentration-dependent constrictions, causing maximal reductions of 71 ± 3% in lumen diameter, with EC50 values averaging 1.9 ± 10-7 M (n = 7). These responses were inhibited by atropine (10-7 M) and therefore were mediated by muscarinic receptors. In addition, acetylcholine did not elicit relaxation in nine out of 10 vessels precontracted with U46619 (10-7 M). Norepinephrine and epinephrine never produced constrictions (n = 6) even in the presence of propranolol (10-6 M). Both norepinephrine and isoproterenol caused dose-dependent relaxations in acetylcholine-precontracted vessels, with IC50 values of 8.2 ± 10-7 M (n = 5) and 6.6 ± 10-2 M (n = 6), respectively. These relaxations were suppressed by propranolol. Between transmural pressures of 10 and 90 mm Hg, there was no intrinsic myogenic tone (n = 7). In addition, the vessels responded only passively to sudden pressure changes of 40 mm Hg. In all vessels, the functional integrity of the endothelium was verified by relaxations to substance P (10-8 M) and/or bradykinin (10-2 M). This is the first in vitro study of coronary resistance arteries that demonstrates that 1) acetylcholine is a potent constrictor of these arteries, suggesting that parasympathetic mechanisms may play an important role in coronary blood flow regulation; 2) α-adrenoreceptor influence is minimal or entirely absent; and 3) these arteries do not possess an intrinsic myogenic tone and respond passively to transmural pressure change. Hence, myogenic mechanisms do not appear to be of primary importance in the autoregulation of coronary blood flow.
Game Theory with Sparsity-Based Bounded Rationality ∗

This paper proposes a way to enrich traditional game theory via an element of bounded rationality. It builds on previous work by the author in the context of one-agent decision problems, but extends it to several players and a generalization of the concept of Nash equilibrium. Each decision maker builds a simplified representation of the world, which includes only a partial understanding of the equilibrium play of the other agents. The agents’desire for simplificity is modeled as “sparsity” in a tractable manner. The paper formulates the model in the concept of one-shot games, and extends it to sequential games and Bayesian games. It applies the model to a variety of exemplary games: p−beauty contests, centipede, traveler’s dilemma, and dollar auction games. The model’s predictions are congruent with salient facts of the experimental evidence. Compared to previous succesful proposals (e.g., models with different levels of thinking or noisy decision making), the model is particularly tractable and yields simple closed forms where none were available. A sparsity-based approach gives a portable and parsimonious way to inject bounded rationality into game theory.
Spelling ability in congenital dysarthria: Evidence against articulatory coding in translating between phonemes and graphemes

Abstract Seven physically handicapped teenagers with varying degrees of motor speech impairment (dysarthria) were compared with seven physically handicapped control children with normal speech. There was no difference between the two groups in ability to decide whether or not two written words or non-words were homonymous, ability to spell real words or ability to spell non-words. Previous studies using concurrent articulation with normal subjects, and others examining spelling errors in clinical groups, had suggested that an articulatory code was implicated in spelling by phoneme-to-grapheme rules. However, if this were so, then the dysarthric group should be impaired in spelling by phoneme-to-grapheme rules, since they had difficulty in producing distinctive articulations of many speech sounds. The lack of difference in spelling ability, types of spelling errors, and non-word spelling between the two groups indicates that the code that is used in spelling by sound-to-letter rules is not based on articul.