Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of shallow core-level hybridization on the electronic structure of post-transition-metal oxides studied using soft X-ray emission and absorption

The influence of shallow core-level hybridization on the electronic structure of the post-transition metal oxides ZnO, CdO, In 2 O 3 , and SnO 2 has been investigated using high-resolution soft x-ray emission and absorptionspectroscopies. Synchrotron radiation excited O K α emission spectra provide a direct measure of the O 2p partial density of states and shallow core-level hybridization for this series of transparent conducting materials and reveal significant mixing of O 2p and shallow-core metal d states for ZnO, CdO, and In 2 O 3 . The experimental data are compared with local density approximation and tight-binding band structure calculations and with previous experimental determinations of direct and indirect band gaps. Rocksalt CdO, bixbyite In 2 O 3 , and rutile SnO 2 all adopt structures with metal cations in sites with locally centrosymmetric coordination. This prevents hybridization of O 2p states with metal 4d states at the zone center, but mixing away from Γ leads to indirect band gaps for CdO and In 2 O 3 . A revised value for the lowest indirect band gap in CdO is proposed and the overall trends in the band gap are discussed in terms of the separation between O 2p and metal 4d states. The experimental investigation has been extended to study the effects of Sn doping in In 2 O 3 .
Stress and coping in teachers during COVID-19 school lockdown – content analysis of Polish teachers’ discussions on Facebook

Th e authors analysed the content of Polish teachers’ discussions on Facebook during the pandemic. Th e statements were gathered from diff erent groups during the fi rst 9 months from the schools’ closure. Only the content published aft er the lockdown of schools in Poland was included in the sample. Th e main aim of the study was to identify and classify the stressors aft er the lockdown of schools and the new occupational situation experienced by teachers. Additionally, the second main research aim focused on coping strategies used by the respondents. Th e study brought new qualitative data on teachers mental health through analysing traditional occupational stressors and new ones that occurred during school closure caused by COVID-19 lockdown. Application of the qualitative research (thematic analysis) procedure resulted in identifi cation of four main categories of stressors that are in each case divided into subcategories: 1) Criticism concerning teachers’ performance during the pandemic, 2) Organizational stressors, 3) Stressors concerning work organization at individual level and 4) Stressors connected to implementing distance education. Additionally, we identifi ed three Jacek Pyżalski, Piotr Plichta 126 categories of coping strategies (with subcategories) teachers use to cope with occupational stressors during the pandemic: 1) Social support, 2) Finding positive aspects and 3) Searching for sense of meaning. Th e results show that traditional workplace stressors experienced by teachers are modifi ed and accompanied by qualitatively new stressors that reinforce the negative impact. Th ose stressors should be acknowledged and addressed while planning, implementing and evaluating prevention programmes. Such data is crucial for creating workplace health promotion (particularly occupational stress prevention programmes) for school personnel.
Accuracy of optical navigation systems for automatic head surgery: optical tracking versus optical coherence tomography

The choice of a navigation system highly depends on the medical intervention and its accuracy demands. The most commonly used systems for image guided surgery (IGS) are based on optical and magnetic tracking systems. This paper compares two optical systems in terms of accuracy: state of the art triangulation-based optical tracking (OT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). We use an experimental setup with a combined OCT and cutting laser, and an external OT. We simulate a robotic assisted surgical intervention, including planning, navigation, and processing, and compare the accuracies reached at a specific target with each navigation system.
Conditioned media of mouse macrophages promote neuronal differentiation of mouse hippocampal cells

Understanding how the immune system associates with the pathophysiological hippocampal neurobiology in the neurodegenerative diseases is an emerging topic. Since the cellular population of hippocampal neurogenic niche is extraordinarily diverse, there is still a large gap in our understanding of the interactions between the immune cells and hippocampal neurons under even normal conditions, setting aside the disease conditions. To examine how the hippocampal neurons receive and respond to the cellular factors from the immune cells, we introduced the conditioned cell culture media (CM) of unstimulated, and lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages to HT22 hippocampal cells during and after they were exposed to neuronal differentiation environment to mimic the states during and after the initiation of the neurogenesis. Then, HT22 cell responses were further examined by assessing immunocytochemical expression of CR protein and mRNA levels of Ascl1, Bdnf, Nrf2 and Rac1 genes via semi quantitative image analysis and q-RT-PCR, respectively. Our results suggest that culturing the HT22 cells with the unstimulated CM of macrophages substantially increased calretinin protein expression, while the latter media containing quite high levels of in�ammatory cytokines, measured by ELISA, resulted in decreased protein levels for Calretinin. Additionally, Ascl1 gene expression levels in HT22 cells had similar trends as calretinin protein levels in the presence of CM of stimulated versus unstimulated media. Whereas there was no substantial difference in the gene expression levels for the Bdnf, Nrf2 and Rac1 genes. Overall, our results imply that utilization of HT22 cells and macrophage interplay can be instructive to decipher the molecular mechanisms of cellular communication between the immune system cells and neurons. Our overarching aim is developing immunotherapy strategies by using non-CNS derived immune system cells to modulate the neurogenesis in disease conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer’s and ALS to enable the recovery in the patients.
Lithium abundances in Bulge-like SMR stars

Abstract We analyze a sample of 21 super-metal-rich (SMR) stars, using high-resolution échelle spectra obtained with the FEROS Spectrograph at the 1.5m ESO telescope. The metallicities are in the range 0.15 < [Fe/H] < 0.5, 3 of them in common with Pompéia et al. (2002). Geneva photometry, astrometric data from Hipparcos, and radial velocities from CORAVEL are available for these stars. The peculiar kinematics suggests the thin disk close to the bulge as the probable birthplace of these stars (Grenon 1999). From Hipparcos data, it appears that the turnoff of this population indicates an age of 10-11 Gyr (Grenon 1999). Detailed analysis of the sample stars is carried out. Lithium abundances of these stars were derived, and their behaviour with effective temperature is shown.
CORRELATION BETWEEN RED BLOOD CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH–TO–PLATELET RATIO AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

ABSTRACT Background: This study aims to assess the prognostic value of red blood cell distribution width–to–platelet ratio (RPR) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. Methods: The data collected from 540 ARDS patients from 2001 to 2012 were obtained from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III Database. The 28-day all-cause mortality risk was considered as the primary outcome parameter, and the secondary outcomes were 60- and 90-day all-cause mortality. The association between RPR (≥0.19 vs. <0.19) and mortality was assessed by Cox proportional hazards models, and potential nonlinear associations were assessed by restricted cubic spline regression analysis. Results: The 28-day all-cause mortality was 22.4%. Among the 121 deaths, 92 (20.0%) presented with an RPR <0.19, and 29 patients had RPR ≥0.19 (P < 0.001). The 60- and 90-day all-cause mortality was 27% and 28.7%, respectively. After adjusting for the relevant factors in the multivariate model, RPR ≥0.19 was independently correlated with the 28-day all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 2.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.46–5.15; P = 0.002). There was no nonlinear relationship between RPR and the risk of 28-day all-cause mortality (P for overall association <0.001, P for nonlinear = 0.635). Similar results were observed for both the pneumonia and nonpneumonia subgroups and sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: The data promote the use of RPR as a valuable prognostic indicator for ARDS patients.
Challenges and Solutions in the Protection of Transmission Lines Connecting Nonconventional Power Sources

— This paper discusses the impact of inverter-based resources (IBRs) in traditional digital protection relays applied in the interconnection transmission line between the IBR and bulk power system. Real events involving a photovoltaic (PV) power plant are used to show the behavior of the fault currents, which is different from power systems with synchronous generators, especially for negative-sequence components. The paper discusses how to properly handle this kind of source by presenting modern protective relays features, time-domain functions, and special settings for traditional protection intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). The data of the real events were used to validate the solutions proposed in this case study. The lessons learned will be applied in a new facility (a wind farm) that is currently in the design stage.
APEX: five years of operations

APEX, the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment, is being operated successfully, now for five years, on Llano de Chajnantor at 5107m altitude in the Chilean High Andes. This location is considered one of the worlds outstanding sites for submillimeter astronomy, which the results described in this contribution are underlining. The primary reflector with 12 m diameter is cautiously being maintained at about 15 μm by means of holography. This allows to access all atmospheric submillimeter windows accessible from the ground, up to 200 μm. Telescope and instrument performance, operational experiences and a selection of scientific results are given in this publication.
Liquid-Crystal Blazed Gratings with Spatially Distributed Pretilt Angle

An electrically tunable liquid-crystal (LC) blazed grating was demonstrated by introducing a periodic pattern of pretilt angle that was controlled by adjusting the rubbing density. In the proposed LC grating, an asymmetrically varying LC molecular orientation was realized even without voltage application. The diffracted light intensity was controlled by adjusting the applied voltage, and the diffraction effect disappeared under a sufficiently high applied voltage. Asymmetric diffraction patterns were obtained and it was revealed that 0th-, 1st-, and 2nd-order diffraction beams can be switched with an appropriate applied voltage. A maximum diffraction efficiency of 0.68 for the 1st-order diffraction was experimentally obtained; however, it is much less than the theoretical limit of unity. It is likely that the difference between optical path lengths for extraordinary and ordinary rays is not linearly distributed.
An almost universal form

P. R. Halmos obtained the 88 possible forms (a, &, c> d), 0<a^b <^c^d, which represent all positive integers with one exception, and proved that property for all except for the form ft = ( l , 2, 7, 13). A proof for h follows. The forms ƒ = ( 1 , 2, 7) and g = ( l , 1, 14) constitute the reduced forms of a genus. Between them they represent all positive integers not of the form A = 7(7m+3, 5, 6). The identities x + y + Uz = x + 2((y + 7z)/3) + 7((y 2z)/3) = y + 2((* + 7z)/3) + 7((x 2z)/3)
Some Restricted randomization rules in sequential designs

This paper presents a new class of designs (Big Stick Designs) for sequentially assigning experimental units to treatments, when only the time covariate is considered. By prescribing the degree of imbalance which the experimenters can tolerate, complete randomization is used as long as the imbalance of the treatment allocation does not exceed the prescribed value. Once it reaches the value, a deterministic assignment is made to lower the imbalance. Such designs can be easily implemented with no programming and little personnel support. They compare favorably with the Biased Coin Designs, the Permuted Black Designs, and the Urn Designs, as far as the accidental bias and selection bias are concerned. Generalizations of these designs are considered to achieve various purposes, e.g., avoidance of deterministic assignments, early balance, etc.
Parallel Machine Tardiness Scheduling Based on Improved Discrete Differential Evolution

To study the identical parallel machine scheduling problem with total tardiness objective, an improved discrete differential evolution DDE_VND is presented. The proposed algorithm hybridizes discrete differential evolution (DDE) with variable neighborhood descent (VND) to enhance its local search ability. Moreover, a constructive heuristic MDD is employed to generate an initial solution in the algorithm to accelerate the convergence of the algorithm. At last, the experimental results based on 50 benchmark instances validate the effectiveness of the DDE_VND algorithm
Comarison of ANOVA and Harmonic Components of Variance

Statistical spectral analysis is much like a Model II analysis of variance in that the total variability of a data set is broken down into a number of components, the amount of variability associated with various bands of frequencies. Using the spectral density, it is possible to define a collection of what we shall call harmonic variance components. It is hoped that harmonic variance components will make the interpretation and analysis of spectra somewhat easier for those who are familiar with the ANOVA techniques, but have done little work in spectral analysis. In this paper it will be shown that an ANOVA model may be stated in terms of harmonic variance components. It will also be shown that while the variance components obtained from the ANOVA and the harmonic variance components obtained from the spectral density are not numerically equal, they may be transformed one into the other if the ANOVA assumptions are valid. The relationship between the two sets of components may be used to check on the vali.
RADION PRODUCTION IN γe- COLLISIONS

We analyze the potential of Compact Linear Colliders (CLIC) based on the γe- collisions to search for the radion in the Randall–Sundrum (RS) model, where compactification radius of the extra dimension is stabilized by the radion, which is a scalar field lighter than the graviton Kaluza–Klein states. The radion production in high energy γe- colliders with the polarization of the electron beams are calculated in detail. Numerical evaluation shows that if the radion mass is not too heavy with the mass order of GeV, then the reaction can give observable cross-section in future colliders at the high degree of polarization.
10 ns pulsed atmospheric air plasma for uniform treatment of polymeric surfaces

This letter reports an experimental study of a 10ns pulsed dielectric barrier discharge in atmospheric air, excited with a train of 65ns voltage pulses at a repetition frequency of 5kHz. It is shown that these ultrashort pulses produce a homogenous discharge with very high electron density in excess of 1013cm−3 and low gas temperature, which are particularly desirable for uniform treatment of thermally sensitive polymer films. Their treatment of polypropylene films is found to introduce microscale surface patterns as well as various carbon-oxygen bonds, both useful for improving the hydrophilic properties of polymeric materials.
Optical properties, phonons and electronic structure of iron pyrite (FeS2)

The reflectivity spectrum has been measured for photon energies between 0.03 eV and 12 eV and the optical transmission between 0.03 eV and the absorption edge at 0.95 eV. The real and imaginary part of the dielectric function have been calculated using a Kramers-Kronig analysis and an energy level scheme has been derived. All phonon modes expected by group theoretical analysis have been observed.
Range camera calibration based on image sequences and dense comprehensive error statistics

This article concentrates on the integrated self-calibration of both the interior orientation and the distance measurement system of a time-of-flght range camera (photonic mixer device). Unlike other approaches that investigate individual distortion factors separately, in the presented approach all calculations are based on the same data set that is captured without auxiliary devices serving as high-order reference, but with the camera being guided by hand. Flat, circular targets stuck on a planar whiteboard and with known positions are automatically tracked throughout the amplitude layer of long image sequences. These image observations are introduced into a bundle block adjustment, which on the one hand results in the determination of the interior orientation. Capitalizing the known planarity of the imaged board, the reconstructed exterior orientations furthermore allow for the derivation of reference values of the actual distance observations. Eased by the automatic reconstruction of the cameras trajectory and attitude, comprehensive statistics are generated, which are accumulated into a 5-dimensional matrix in order to be manageable. The marginal distributions of this matrix are inspected for the purpose of system identification, whereupon its elements are introduced into another least-squares adjustment, finally leading to clear range correction models and parameters.
Periodic motion embedded in plane Couette turbulence: regeneration cycle and burst

Two time-periodic solutions with genuine three-dimensional structure are numerically discovered for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equation of a constrained plane Couette flow. One solution with strong variation in spatial and temporal structure exhibits a full regeneration cycle, which consists of the formation and breakdown of streamwise vortices and low-velocity streaks; the other one, of gentle variation, represents a spanwise standing-wave motion of low-velocity streaks. These two solutions are unstable and the corresponding periodic orbits in the phase space are connected with each other. A turbulent state wanders around the strong one for most of the time except for occasional escapes from it. As a result, the mean velocity profile and the root-mean-squares of velocity fluctuations of the plane Couette turbulence agree very well with the temporal averages of those of this periodic motion. After an occasional escape from the strong solution, the turbulent state reaches the gentle periodic solution and returns. On the way back, it experiences an overshoot accompanied by strong turbulence activity like an intermittent bursting phenomenon.
Integral Field Spectroscopy with the Gemini Multiobject Spectrograph.I. Design, Construction, and Testing

The Gemini Multiobject Spectrograph (GMOS) installed on the Gemini‐North telescope has a facility for integral field spectroscopy over the wavelength range 0.4–1.0 μm. GMOS is converted to this mode by the remote insertion of an integral field unit (IFU) into the beam in place of the masks used for the multiobject mode. With the IFU deployed, integral field spectroscopy is available over a fully filled contiguous field of 5′′ × 7′′ with a sampling of 0. ″2. A separate field of half the area, but otherwise identical, is also provided to improve background subtraction. The IFU contains 1500 lenslet‐coupled fibers and is the first facility of any type for integral field spectroscopy employed on an 8–10 m telescope. We describe the design, construction, and testing of the GMOS IFU and present measurements of the throughput both in the laboratory and at the telescope. We compare these with a theoretical prediction made before construction started. All are in good agreement with each other, with the on‐telescope throughput exceeding 60% (averaged over wavelength). A second paper will verify the scientific performance by comparison with existing one‐ and two‐dimensional data sets.
A novel approach for implementing high speed pulse compression based on linear frequency modulation

In this paper, a novel approach based on digital linear frequency modulation (LFM) is proposed to implement high speed pulse compression. The main objective is to achieve high speed pulse compression for high range resolution in target detection using modified Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) input/output (I/O) data flow algorithm. The digital processing cycle (DPC) factor of the proposed method is investigated in comparison with previous works. The results of both simulation and implementation show 99.8% improvement in the FFT calculation time and pulse compression ratio of 71% in the proposed method. This method eliminates the drawbacks of the methods proposed for pulse compression in previous works. In addition, the proposed method has the advantages of high signal to noise ratio (SNR), and good detection of low amplitude level signals.
Extending MAGMA Portability with OneAPI

As the architectures of super-computing systems are continually changing, it is important to maintain efficient code portability in order to continue to take advantage of the computing capabilities of the diverse and evolving hardware in these systems. Intel has adopted an open standard programming interface for heterogeneous systems called oneAPI, designed to allow code portability across different processor architectures. This paper evaluates Intel’s oneAPI by migrating a general matrix-matrix multiplication (GEMM) CUDA algorithm from the dense linear algebra library Matrix Algebra on GPU and Multicore Architectures (MAGMA) to Data Parallel C++ (DPC++), the direct programming language of oneAPI. The DPC++ Compatibility Tool (DPCT) in Intel’s oneAPI was used successfully for an initial port of MAGMA to DPC++. The performance of the migrated code is evaluated and compared to OpenMP GEMMs and state-of-the-art Intel MKL implementations on AMD EPYC 7742 multicore CPUs and Intel Xeon CPU E5-2698 V4 multicore CPUs, to the original native-CUDA code in MAGMA on NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3060 discrete GPUs, and to oneMKL on Intel UHD Graphics P630 [0x3e96] integrated GPUs. The initial migrated code demonstrates impressive performance on multicore CPUs as it significantly outperforms reference OpenMP implementations, and even MKL on AMD CPUs. Performance on Nvidia GPUs is also very surprising as the DPC++ code matches in performance the native CUDA code. The initial migrated code performed poorly on the Intel GPU, as expected, because the Intel GPU architecture used is quite different than the Nvidia GPU architecture for which the original code was designed. However, using the MAGMA’s parameterized implementations to tune the GEMM algorithm to better match the Intel GPU architecture, improved the performance significantly. Intel’s oneAPI allowed for a successful extension of MAGMA’s functional and performance portability to multicore CPUs and Intel GPUs.