Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE MEDIATING ROLE OF DRINKING MOTIVES ON THE LINK BETWEEN ALCOHOL USE AND PERSONALITY FACTORS

Culture, purpose, motive, or even the person itself has an essential part on how an individual treats a substance. Drinking motives have been known to affect the alcohol use of people and how personality factors influence alcohol consumption. However, this study investigated the mediating effect of drinking motives between the two variables. This association was investigated based on perspectives of college students from different colleges and universities within Calamba City, Philippines through Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings uncovered that extraversion and alcohol use have a positive significant relationship, whereas neuroticism and alcohol use are inversely related. Meanwhile, extraversion and neuroticism are directly related to drinking motives like the relationship between drinking motives and alcohol use. Conscientiousness, on the other hand, has no significant effect on alcohol use and drinking motives. Given that each variable has a direct effect towards one another, this may imply that different drinking motives, distinguished personality traits, and alcohol use are interrelated. The study also revealed that drinking motives have no intervening effects on the link between identified personality traits and alcohol use. The reason why further investigation on other factors that might lead to mediation between personality factors and alcohol use is recommended.
The validity of Kirchhoff theory for scattering of elastic waves from rough surfaces

The Kirchhoff approximation (KA) for elastic wave scattering from two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) rough surfaces is critically examined using finite-element (FE) simulations capable of extracting highly accurate data while retaining a fine-scale rough surface. The FE approach efficiently couples a time domain FE solver with a boundary integration method to compute the scattered signals from specific realizations of rough surfaces. Multiple random rough surfaces whose profiles have Gaussian statistics are studied by both Kirchhoff and FE models and the results are compared; Monte Carlo simulations are used to assess the comparison statistically. The comparison focuses on the averaged peak amplitude of the scattered signals, as it is an important characteristic measured in experiments. Comparisons, in both two dimensions and three dimensions, determine the accuracy of Kirchhoff theory in terms of an empirically estimated parameter σ2/λ0 (σ is the RMS value, and λ0 is the correlation length, of the roughness), being considered accurate when this is less than some upper bound c, (σ2/λ0<c). The incidence and scattering angles also play important roles in the validity of the Kirchhoff theory and it is found that for modest incidence angles of less than 30°, the accuracy of the KA is improved even when σ2/λ0>c. In addition, the evaluation results are compared using 3D isotropic rough surfaces and 2D surfaces with the same surface parameters.
Response to intranasal Lactococcus lactis W136 probiotic supplementation in refractory CRS is associated with modulation of non-type 2 inflammation and epithelial regeneration

Justification We have previously documented that in individuals with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refractory to surgery, intranasal application of live Lactococcus lactis W136, a probiotic bacterium, improves sinus-specific symptoms, SNOT-22, and mucosal aspect on endoscopy, accompanied by a reduction in sinus pathogens and an increase in protective bacteria. The present work explores the molecular mechanisms underpinning these observations using transcriptomics of the sinus mucosa. Method Epithelial brushings collected prospectively as a sub-study of the L. lactis W136 clinical trial were used to probe epithelial responses to microbiome supplementation using a hypothesis-free bioinformatic analysis of gene expression analysis. Samples from twenty-four patients with CRS refractory to medical and surgical management were prospectively collected during a clinical trial assessing the effect of 14 days of BID nasal irrigation with 1.2 billion CFU of live L. lactis W136 probiotic bacteria (CRSwNP = 17, CRSsNP = 7). Endoscopically guided sinus brushings were collected as part of the initial study, with brushings performed immediately before and after treatment. Following RNA extraction, samples were assessed using the Illumina HumanHT-12 V4 BeadChip. Differential gene expression was calculated, and pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify potentially implicated processes. Results Differentially identified transcripts and pathways were assessed for the overall population and the clinical phenotypes of CRSwNP and CRSsNP. Patterns of response to treatment were similar across all groups, implicating pathways for the regulation of immunity and epithelial cell regulation. These resemble the patterns of improvement observed following successful treatment with endoscopic sinus surgery or azithromycin. Conclusion Gene expression profiling following the application of live bacteria to the diseased sinus epithelium highlights the implication of multiple components of the inflammation-microbiome-epithelial barrier axis implicated in CRS. These effects appear to involve both epithelial restoration and modulation of innate and adaptive immunity, supporting the potential interest of targeting the sinus epithelium and the microbiome as potential CRS therapies.
Surviving Fetus from a Full Term Abdominal Pregnancy

Background Abdominal pregnancy refers to a rare form of ectopic pregnancy that has been implanted in the peritoneal cavity. Clinical suspicion combined with ultrasound is important for early diagnosis. A surviving fetus from an abdominal pregnancy is extremely rare. Case Presentation Herein we report on a case of advanced abdominal pregnancy in a Gravida-III Abortion-II mother who presented with worsening abdominal pain of 1 week duration associated with fetal movement and managed successfully with an outcome of a live neonate and no maternal complication. Conclusion A live neonate from term abdominal pregnancy is a rare occurrence. Early diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy is crucial to avoid potentially catastrophic maternal complications even though our patient, fortunately, has a smooth postoperative course. A high level of suspicion combined with ultrasound is helpful in reaching a diagnosis. Skill advancement for radiologists and non-radiology professionals involved in obstetric ultrasound is recommended to avoid misdiagnosis, as in our case. Careful post-operative evaluation is important to look for maternal and fetal complications.
STOCHASTIC RESONANCE IN NONLINEAR TRANSMISSION OF SPIKE SIGNALS: AN EXACT MODEL AND AN APPLICATION TO THE NEURON

Nonlinear transmission of trains of pulses enhanced by noise addition through stochastic resonance is studied. First, an exact model is presented which describes stochastic resonance in the transmission of a periodic train of pulses by a threshold system in the presence of arbitrarily distributed white noise. Second, a simulation demonstrates a novel possibility of stochastic resonance in the neuron, in the nonlinear transmission of spike trains assisted by noise. Third, it is shown that the exact model can provide a satisfactory approximation of stochastic resonance in the neuron, as the reported effect is mainly sensitive to correlations at a dominant time scale formed by the coherent period, and to the overall input signal amplitude relative to the threshold of the nonlinearity. The present results enlarge the scope of the effect of noise-enhanced transmission of signals through stochastic resonance, and also of the possible mechanisms for neural information processing.
Markov reliability models for digital flight control systems

The reliability of digital flight control systems can often be accurately predicted! using Markov chain models. We begin our discussion of flight control system reliability models with definitions of key terms. We then construct a single-fault one-processor model based on the results of fault-injecti on experiments. To illustrate more complex system models, we consider several models of a triple modular redundant system. Once we have constructed some representative Markov reliability models, we discuss numerical techniques for their solution. The cost of numerical solution depends on a model's size and stiffness. Acyclic Markov models, a useful special case, are particularly amenable to efficient numerical solution. Even in the general case, instantaneous coverage approximation allows the reduction of some cyclic models to more readily solvable acyclic models. After considering the solution of single-phase models, we extend our discussion to phased-mission models. We classify phased-mission reliability models based on the state restoration behavior that occurs between mission phases: As an economical approach for the solution of such models, we introduce the mean failure rate solution method. We use a numerical example to show the influence of fault-model parameters and interphase behavior on system unreliability.
The fingerprints of photoionization and shock-ionization in two CSS sources

Fil: Reynaldi, Maria Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Astrofisica La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Astronomicas y Geofisicas. Instituto de Astrofisica la Plata; Argentina
A Capacitor-Less Digital LDO Regulator With Synthesizable PID Controller Achieving 99.75% Efficiency and 93.3-ps Response Time in 65 nm

This brief presents an output-capacitor-free Digital LDO (DLDO) with a novel synthesizable PID controller architecture. The architecture employs multiple asynchronous wave pipelines and a novel differential control loop in parallel with a synchronous fine control. The DLDO is fabricated in a 65nm process and occupies an area of 0.0925mm 2. The DLDO has an output current range of 5mA - 80mA at 50mV dropout and achieves a 93.3ps response time with 99.75% current efficiency resulting in a FOM of 233fs.
Characterization of thin back-to-back CdTe detectors with various sizes

Thin CdTe detectors (3 mm/spl times/5 mm electrode area, 0.5 and 0.8 mm thick), mounted in back-to-back configuration with common anode, have been characterized. This configuration allows one to double the useful absorbing thickness in the classical planar parallel field (PPF) irradiation geometry, and to double the sensitive areas in the planar transverse field (PTF) geometry, while maintaining the same inter-electrode distances (0.5 or 0.8 mm) and one electronic chain, as for single detectors. The tests performed aim at understanding the effects on the spectroscopic performance of various interelectrode distances and in particular of the chemical and mechanical treatments used to reduce the detector thickness to the desired values.
Joint Design of Transmit Sequence and Receive Filter Based on Riemannian Manifold of Gaussian Mixture Distribution for MIMO Radar

To improve target detection performance in non-Gaussian backgrounds, the joint design of transmit sequence and receive filter for multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) radar is studied. By approximating the probability density function of observed non-Gaussian data with the Gaussian mixture model (GMM), a Riemannian manifold of Gaussian mixture distribution is developed to depict the complicated background first. Then, maximizing the geometric distance on manifolds, which is converted by maximizing the discrimination between the target and clutter, is proposed as the criterion for the joint design of transmit sequence and receive filter. Thereby, under the constant-modulus constraint, the joint design problem can be transformed into an optimization problem. However, the proposed optimization problem is nonconvex and constrained. To solve this problem, a Riemannian optimization framework is provided. By taking the advantage of the underlying geometric and algebraic structure of the constraint space, the original constrained optimization problem in Euclidean space can be transformed into the unconstraint optimization problem over Riemannian product manifolds. Moreover, to obtain the global optimal solution, the Riemannian gradient of the geometric distance cost is derived for the conjugate gradient algorithm. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method shows advantages in detection performance compared with competitive methods.
Heat Transfer Characteristics in Partial Boiling, Fully Developed Boiling, and Significant Void Flow Regions of Subcooled Flow Boiling

Subcooled flow boiling covers the region beginning from the location where the wall temperature exceeds the local liquid saturation temperature to the location where the thermodynamic quality reaches zero, corresponding to the saturated liquid state. Three locations in the subcooled flow have been identified by earlier investigators as the onset of nucleate boiling, the point of net vapor generation, and the location where x = 0 is attained from enthalpy balance equations. The heat transfer regions are identified as the single phase heat transfer prior to ONB, partial boiling (PB), and fully developed boiling (FDB). A new region is identified here as the significant void flow (SVF) region. Available models for predicting the heat transfer coefficient in different regions are evaluated and new models are presented based on our current understanding. The results are compared with some of the experimental data available in the literature.
Fully Controlled 6 Meters per Pixel Equatorial Mosaic of Mars From Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Context Camera Images, Version 1

NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft has operated around Mars since March 2006. The Context Camera (CTX) aboard MRO has returned >125,000 images of Mars, mostly at 5–6 m per pixel (mpp), providing ≈99% coverage with good‐quality images. Reconstruction of MRO's orbit and camera pointing from ground tracking are offset from the Mars global coordinate system. This work focuses on correcting those data for the more than 50,000 images in the equatorial region of Mars, between ±30° latitude, which comprises 50% of Mars' surface area. Determining and making these corrections in a relative control (image‐to‐image) and absolute or full control (image‐to‐ground reference) greatly improves the utility of the image data. Based on this work, the 95th percentile of tie points were offset from the Mars coordinate system by ≈155 m, corresponding to ≈28 CTX pixels. Controlling the more than 50,000 images was accomplished through an efficient, automated approach with additional manual input and validation, described herein. The mosaic was generated with semi‐manual image order from these controlled data and is provided at both 6 mpp and 100 mpp. The mosaic is available to the community through NASA's Planetary Data System Imaging & Cartography Annex.
Improved fast corner detection algorithm based on FAST

An improved fast corner detection algorithm was proposed, which was based on Features from Accelerated Segment Test(FAST). The improved algorithm started with coarse detection for corner, which meant if one point was regarded as a candidate corner, there should be enough points on a circumference around this point, and the absolute value of grey value between these points and the candidate corner should be larger than self-adaptive threshold.Then, Hessian matrix was used to eliminate unstable edge points.Finally, Laplacian values of the pixel in the neighborhood of the candidate point were calculated, only those which achieved the extremum could be considered as an actual corner, and in this way some false corners were eliminated.The results show that the algorithm has the merits of low computational complexity, high position accuracy and strong anti-noise ability.Therefore, it could meet the demand of real-time applications.
Functional live-cell mid-infrared microscopy and spectroscopy by optoacoustic and optothermal detection

Mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy and optoacoustic/optothermal (OA/OT) imaging are perfectly complementary technologies to each other. Vibrational molecular excitations by mid-IR absorption are utterly de-excited in the form of heat while efficient OA/OT signal generation primarily depends on heat deposition. This synergy allows overcoming the (otherwise) persistent limitations of traditional mid-IR spectroscopy and imaging in live-cell/fresh-tissue applications— i.e., sample opacity due to water absorption. Combination of mid-IR excitation and OA/OT detection has resulted in new tools for label-free live-cell, tissues, and in vivo metabolic research. Here we discuss basic principles on mid-IR detection for spectroscopy and imaging as well as the most recent developments on mid-IR OA and OT microscopy that overcome the limitations of conventional vibrational spectroscopy for biosensing and label-free metabolic microscopy.
Cardiovascular Risk Estimation Based on Country-of-Birth- and Country-of-Residence-Specific Scores among Migrants in the Netherlands: The HELIUS Study

Background: Regional and country-specific cardiovascular risk algorithms have been developed to improve CVD risk prediction. But it is unclear whether migrants’ country-of-residence or country-of-birth algorithms agree in stratifying the CVD risk of these populations. We evaluated the risk stratification by the different algorithms, by comparing migrant country-of-residence-specific scores to migrant country-of-birth-specific scores for ethnic minority populations in the Netherlands. Method: data from the HELIUS study was used in estimating the CVD risk scores for participants using five laboratory-based (Framingham, Globorisk, Pool Cohort Equation II, SCORE II, and WHO II) and three nonlaboratory-based (Framingham, Globorisk, and WHO II) risk scores with the risk chart for the Netherlands. For the Globorisk, WHO II, and SCORE II risk scores, we also computed the risk scores using risk charts specified for the migrant home country. Risk categorization was first done according to the specification of the risk algorithm and then simplified to low (green), moderate (yellow and orange), and high risk (red). Results: we observed differences in risk categorization for different risk algorithms ranging from 0% (Globorisk) to 13% (Framingham) for the high-risk category, as well as differences in the country-of-residence- and country-of-birth-specific scores. Agreement between different scores ranged from none to moderate. We observed a moderate agreement between the Netherlands-specific SCORE II and the country-of-birth SCORE II for the Turkish and a nonagreement for the Dutch Moroccan population. Conclusion: disparities exist in the use of the country-of-residence-specific, as compared to the country-of-birth, risk algorithms among ethnic minorities living in the Netherlands. Hence, there is a need for further validation of country-of-residence- and country-of-birth-adjusted scores to ascertain appropriateness and reliability.
Improved Measurements of the Ice Water Content in Cirrus Using a Total-Water Probe

Abstract This note describes an improved method for the measurement of the ice water content (IWC) of cirrus cloud using a total water content probe. A previous version of this technique assumed that the air in cloud-containing regions was saturated with respect to ice. This assumption has now been replaced with measurements of the water vapor content from a fast-response Lyman-α fluorescence water vapor sensor. The improved measurement of the vapor phase resolves anomalies in the earlier measurements that were due to the assumption of saturation with respect to ice everywhere within cloud. The comparison of IWC measurements made by this new method with those from a 2D optical array probe is greatly improved. The new measurements may now be used to provide much more stringent tests of the algorithms used for the derivation of crystal mass from measured size in 2D probe data.
A NOVEL ADAPTIVE INTERPOLATION ALGORITHM FOR IMAGE RESIZING

In this paper, an adaptive interpolation algorithm is presented based on the Newton Polynomial to improve the limitation of the traditional algorithm for image resiz- ing. The second-order difference of adjacent pixels gray values shows the relativity among the pixels. Accordingly, the adaptive function for image interpolation is deduced accord- ing to both this relativity and the classical Newton polynomial. Then the efficiency of our method is compared with that of the traditional algorithm for image resizing in Matlab. Furthermore, the implementation circuit architecture is devised by three stage parallel- ing pipelines for the adaptive image resizing algorithm and is verified in FPGA (field programmable gate array). The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm excels the bicubic interpolation in visual effect, and has a lower complexity. Therefore, the algorithm adapts to real-time image resizing. Keywords: Image resizing, Adaptive algorithm, Newton interpolation, Paralleling pipeline, Real-time image processing
Particle Representations for Measure-Valued Population Models

Models of populations in which a type or location, represented by a point in a metric space E, is associated with each individual in the population are considered. A population process is neutral if the chances of an individual replicating or dying do not depend on its type. Measurevalued processes are obtained as infinite population limits for a large class of neutral population models, and it is shown that these measure-valued processes can be represented in terms of the total mass of the population and the de Finetti measures associated with an E-valued particle model Ž.
Misinterpretation of Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm and its implications on adsorption parameter estimates

ABSTRACT Dubinin–Radushkevich (D – R) isotherm remains one of the widely used adsorption models in solid/liquid interface. However, adsorption potential (ε), as a function of equilibrium concentration (Ce) and solubility (Cs) of adsorbate, is frequently expressed through a dimensionally inconsistent form i.e. , instead of the correct form i.e. . Although Hu and Zhang (2019) have pointed out the misinterpretation, incorrect use of isotherm however continues. All of the 10 all-time highly cited articles on D-R isotherm and 80 out of 117 articles citing the work of Hu and Zhang (2019) adopted the incorrect or ambiguous form. Only six research articles have referred source of required Cs data, i.e. literature reported value, approximated to initial adsorbate concentration, or as an additional model parameter. Modeling of D-R isotherm using datasets extracted from three selected references suggests that using the incorrect expression would have a variable impact on maximum adsorption capacity estimates. However, sorption energy would invariably be overestimated (at least 200 times) in all data sets. In the absence of any unified approach and the practical difficulty associated with ascertaining the correct Cs value, researchers are inclined to use the inconsistent model.
A GENERAL INTEREST RATE MODEL INCORPORATING CURRENT YIELD CURVE

For an interest rate model to predict future rates, it is highly desirable that it has embedded in it the current term structure of interest rates known in the market. For the general four-parameter interest rates model incorporating the current yield into the model seems intractable. In the present paper we consider a first order approximation, valid for large time to maturity, to fit the current yield curve into the model. The resulting interest rate model is described which includes, as a particular case, the well-known interest rate model of Vasicek (11).