Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences in Strength and Lower Extremity Kinematics During Landing

This study evaluated kinematic, vertical ground reaction forces, and strength variables in healthy collegiate female basketball, volleyball, and soccer players compared with matched male subjects. Thirty athletes did single-leg landing and forward hop tasks. An electromagnetic tracking device synchronized with a force plate provided kinematic data and vertical ground reaction force data, respectively. Maximum angular displacement and time to maximum angular displacement kinematic variables were calculated for hip flexion, abduction, rotation, knee flexion, and lower leg rotation. Vertical ground reaction force data normalized to body mass provided impulse, maximum force, time to maximum force, and stabilization time variables. An isokinetic device measured quadriceps and hamstring peak torque to body mass at 60°/second. With both tasks, females had significantly less knee flexion and lower leg internal rotation maximum angular displacement, and less knee flexion time to maximum angular displacement than males. For the single-leg land, females had significantly more hip internal rotation maximum angular displacement, and less lower leg internal rotation time to maximum angular displacement than males. For the forward hop, females had significantly more hip rotation time to maximum angular displacement than males. Females also had significantly less peak torque to body mass for the quadriceps and hamstrings than males. Weaker thigh musculature may be related to the abrupt stiffening of the knee and lower leg on landing in females.
Teaching circuits to new generations of engineers

Understanding circuits is fundamental to electric engineering and continuing to offer courses in theory and applications of electric circuits to new generations of engineering students remains an important part of any engineering curriculum. Attracting new generations of students to circuits is a challenging task that calls for new approaches, methodologies, and projects that will appeal to current generations of both educators and students. Designing these new tools and making them freely available to educators is an important step in eliciting renewed interest in circuits.
Submitted To: Ieee Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 1 an Efficient Polyphase Filter Based Resampling Method for Unifying the Prfs in Sar Data Index Terms

As current airborne and spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems aim to produce higher resolution and wider area products, their associated complexities call for handling stricter requirements. Variable and higher pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs) are increasingly being used to achieve these demanding requirements in modern radar systems. This paper presents a resampling scheme capable of unifying and downsampling variable PRFs within a single look complex (SLC) SAR acquisition and across a repeat pass sequence of acquisitions down to an effective lower PRF through the use of polyphase filters. To evaluate the performance of this resampling scheme, we use airborne SAR raw data with variable PRFs. The data were processed with and without the proposed resampling method as part of the flow of the imaging algorithm. Significant improvement in the point spread function (PSF) measurement and the visible image quality after rate conversion and normalization justify the theoretical basis of the proposed method and the benefits it can provide in application scenarios. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), pulse repetition frequency (PRF), polyphase implementation.
Dynamic auto-encoders for semantic indexing

We present a new algorithm for topic modeling, text classification and retrieval, tailored to sequences of time-stamped documents. Based on the auto-encoder architecture, our nonlinear multi-layer model is trained stage-wise to produce increasingly more compact representations of bags-of-words at the document or paragraph level, thus performing a semantic analysis. It also incorporates simple temporal dynamics on the latent representations, to take advantage of the inherent structure of sequences of documents, and can simultaneously perform a supervised classification or regression on document labels. Learning this model is done by maximizing the joint likelihood of the model, and we use an approximate gradient-based MAP inference. We demonstrate that by minimizing a weighted cross-entropy loss between histograms of word occurrences and their reconstruction, we directly minimize the topic-model perplexity, and show that our topic model obtains lower perplexity than Latent Dirichlet Allocation on the NIPS and State of the Union datasets. We illustrate how the dynamical constraints help the learning while enabling to visualize the topic trajectory. Finally, we demonstrate state-of-the-art information retrieval and classification results on the Reuters collection, as well as an application to volatility forecasting from financial news.
Automated Essay Evaluation for English Language Learners:A Case Study of MY Access

ABSTRACT Computer technology made its way into writing instruction and assessment with spelling and grammar checkers decades ago, but more recently it has done so with automated essay evaluation (AEE) and diagnostic feedback. And although many programs and tools have been developed in the last decade, not enough research has been conducted to support or evaluate the claims of the developers. This study examined the effectiveness of automated writing instructional programs in consistent scoring of essays and appropriate feedback to student writers. It examined the scoring and instructional program called MY Access! Home Edition, which has an error feedback tool called My Editor to address these issues. The study combined a quantitative study of agreement and correlational analyses with an analysis of content and topic. Participants included 114 English language learners who wrote 147 essays to three writing prompts, which were graded by trained EFL raters and MY Access. From the sample, 15 randomly selected essays were also used for an error analysis comparing My Editor with human annotations to examine My Editor’s accuracy. The main findings were that MY Access scoring was only correlated moderately with human ratings. Furthermore, because MY Access scoring is limited to the recognition of content words, not how these words are organized at the discourse level, it did not detect slightly off-topic essays and plagiarism. Finally, My Editor’s error feedback, with 73% precision and 30% recall, did not meet the expectations of an accurate tool. In conclusion, the home edition of MY Access was not found to be useful as an independent instructional tool. These findings give us pause regarding the effectiveness of MY Access.
BRAIN TUMOR MRI IMAGE SEGMENTATION AND DETECTION IN IMAGE PROCESSING

Image processing is an active research area in whic h medical image processing is a highly challenging field. Medical imaging techniques are used to image the inner portions of the human body for medical diagnosis. Brain tumor i s a serious life altering disease condition. Image segmentation plays a signi ficant role in image processing as it helps in the extraction of suspicious regions from the medical images. In this paper we have prop osed segmentation of brain MRI image using K-means clustering algorithm followed by morphological filtering which avoids th e misclustered regions that can inevitably be forme d after segmentation of the brain MRI image for detection of tumor location.
Cortical coding

ABSTRACT The encoding of information in the primate inferior temporal visual cortex, hippocampus, orbitofrontal cortex, and insula is described. All these areas have sparse distributed graded firing rate representations. The firing rate probability distribution is close to exponential. The information increases approximately linearly with the number of neurons. Consistent with this relative independence, there is little extra information that is available because of stimulus-dependent synchrony, and little redundancy. The code can be read very fast, in 20–50 ms, by dot-product, biologically plausible decoding. The advantages of this code include high capacity, generalisation, graceful degradation, and rapid readout of the information by biologically plausible dot-product decoding. None of these are properties of local or “grandmother-cell’ representations. Consistent evidence is becoming available for humans. These sparse distributed graded firing rate representations have major computational advantages for the brain including for language that are not met by local or ‘grandmother-cell’ representations.
Robust model predictive control using saturated linear feedback controller

A robust model predictive control algorithm is proposed for linear systems with input saturation in this paper. Polytopic uncertain systems and structured time-varying uncertain systems are respectively considered. An infinite horizon worst-case performance function is used as on-line optimization objective. Using a saturated linear feedback controller, the control action can be obtained by solving an LMI optimization problem. The feasibility of the optimization problem at the original time implies the robust stability of the closed-loop control system. Two simulation examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed algorithm.
After-school success: Associations between youth participants and youth outcomes

After-school programs (ASPs) are becoming more and more popular among children and their parents, with an abundance of children lacking access to ASPs. Participation in ASPs has been proven to positively impact participants. The positive impacts of ASPs include higher grades, less behavioral problems, and healthy youth development. Afterschool programs that provide a structural environment, influential leaders, goals, and evaluation of the program are characteristically proven to be more successful than programs who do not have these characteristics. Funding of ASPs can come from various sources and can be classified into one of three sectors; private for-profit, non-profit, and public.
On the $H^{2}$  Two-Sided Model Matching Problem With Preview

The H2 optimization problem with preview and asymptotic behavior constraints is considered in a general two-sided model matching setting. The solution is obtained in terms of two constrained Sylvester equations, associated with asymptotic behavior, and stabilizing solutions of two algebraic Riccati equations. The Riccati equations do not depend on the preview length, yet are affected by asymptotic behavior constraints and are thus different from the standard H2 Riccati equations arising in problems with no steady-state requirements or in one-sided problems.
Dynamic conductivity from audio to optical frequencies of semiconducting manganites approaching the metal‐insulator transition

We report the frequency‐dependent conductivity of the manganite system La1‐xSrxMnO3 (x≤0.2) when approaching the metal‐insulator transition from the insulating side. Results from low‐frequency dielectric measurements are combined with spectra in the infrared region. For low doping levels the behavior is dominated by hopping transport of localized charge carriers at low frequencies and by phononic and electronic excitations in the infrared region. For the higher Sr contents the approach of the metallic state is accompanied by the successive suppression of the hopping contribution at low frequencies and by the development of polaronic excitations in the infrared region, which finally become superimposed by a strong Drude contribution in the fully metallic state.
Morphological and morphometric changes in the faces of female-to-male (FtM) transsexual people

ABSTRACT Facial changes associated with the administration of exogenous testosterone and bilateral oophorectomy in female-to-male (FtM) transsexual people (trans men; trans males) has not been previously documented. This study aimed to describe the qualitative and quantitative transformation from a female to a male facial appearance and to identify predictable patterns of change. Twenty-five trans men were studied using morphological and morphometrical analysis of pre-transition 2-D images and post-transition 3-D scan models. The mean subject age was 39 years and all subjects had been taking testosterone for at least 3 years, with a mean duration of therapy of 8.6 years. While 32% of subjects were classified by a majority of observers as male appearing in pre-transition photographs, this rose to 95.5% in post-transition images. Eighty-six percent of subjects demonstrated an increase in male classification after transition. Morphometrically, 44% of subjects became wider in the face overall and 100% of subjects measured demonstrated a narrower nose after transition. Testosterone virilizes adult female faces and will cause widening of the face. The most consistent facial change was the production of a narrower nasal width at the alae, which may be a result of fat re-deposition not related to ageing effects or body mass index (BMI).
Long-term care protection for older persons: a review of coverage deficits in 46 countries

This paper: (i) examines long-term care (LTC) protection in 46 developing and developed countries covering 80 per cent of the world’s population; (ii) provides (data on LTC coverage for the population aged 65+; (iii) identifies access deficits for older persons due to the critical shortfall of formal LTC workers; (iv) presents the impacts of insufficient public funding, the reliance on unpaid informal LTC workers and high out-of-pocket payments (OOP); and (v) calls for recognizing LTC as a right, and mainstreaming LTC as a priority in national policy agendas given the benefits in terms of job creation and improved welfare of the population.
Acute seizures attributable to falciparum malaria in an endemic area on the Kenyan coast

Falciparum malaria is an important cause of acute symptomatic seizures in children admitted to hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa, and these seizures are associated with neurological disabilities and epilepsy. However, it is difficult to determine the proportion of seizures attributable to malaria in endemic areas since a significant proportion of asymptomatic children have malaria parasitaemia. We studied children aged 0–13 years who had been admitted with a history of seizures to a rural Kenyan hospital between 2002 and 2008. We examined the changes in the incidence of seizures with the reduction of malaria. Logistic regression was used to model malaria-attributable fractions for seizures (the proportion of seizures caused by malaria) to determine if the observed decrease in acute symptomatic seizures was a measure of seizures that are attributable to malaria. The overall incidence of acute symptomatic seizures over the period was 651/100 000/year (95% confidence interval 632–670) and it was 400/100 000/year (95% confidence interval 385–415) for acute complex symptomatic seizures (convulsive status epilepticus, repetitive or focal) and 163/100 000/year (95% confidence interval 154–173) for febrile seizures. From 2002 to 2008, the incidence of all acute symptomatic seizures decreased by 809/100 000/year (69.2%) with 93.1% of this decrease in malaria-associated seizures. The decrease in the incidence of acute complex symptomatic seizures during the period was 111/100 000/year (57.2%) for convulsive status epilepticus, 440/100 000/year (73.7%) for repetitive seizures and 153/100 000/year (80.5%) for focal seizures. The adjusted malaria-attributable fractions for seizures with parasitaemia were 92.9% (95% confidence interval 90.4–95.1%) for all acute symptomatic seizures, 92.9% (95% confidence interval 89.4–95.5%) for convulsive status epilepticus, 93.6% (95% confidence interval 90.9–95.9%) for repetitive seizures and 91.8% (95% confidence interval 85.6–95.5%) for focal seizures. The adjusted malaria-attributable fractions for seizures in children above 6 months of age decreased with age. The observed decrease in all acute symptomatic seizures (809/100 000/year) was similar to the predicted decline (794/100 000/year) estimated by malaria-attributable fractions at the beginning of the study. In endemic areas, falciparum malaria is the most common cause of seizures and the risk for seizures in malaria decreases with age. The reduction in malaria has decreased the burden of seizures that are attributable to malaria and this could lead to reduced neurological disabilities and epilepsy in the area.
Bitsquatting: exploiting bit-flips for fun, or profit?

Over the last fifteen years, several types of attacks against domain names and the companies relying on them have been observed. The well-known cybersquatting of domain names gave way to typosquatting, the abuse of a user's mistakes when typing a URL in her browser's address bar. Recently, a new attack against domain names surfaced, namely bitsquatting. In bitsquatting, an attacker leverages random bit-errors occurring in the memory of commodity computers and smartphones, to redirect Internet traffic to attacker-controlled domains. In this paper, we report on a large-scale experiment, measuring the adoption of bitsquatting by the domain-squatting community through the tracking of registrations of bitsquatting domains targeting popular web sites over a 9-month period. We show how new bitsquatting domains are registered daily and how attackers are trying to monetize their domains through the use of ads, abuse of affiliate programs and even malware installations. Lastly, given the discovered prevalence of bitsquatting, we review possible defense measures that companies, software developers and Internet Service Providers can use to protect against it.
In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3- nitrophenyl)acetyl. II. A common clonal origin for periarteriolar lymphoid sheath-associated foci and germinal centers

In the genetically restricted response that follows immunization with (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl coupled to protein carriers, two distinct populations of B cells are observed in the spleens of C57BL/6 mice. By 48 h postimmunization, foci of antigen-binding B cells appear along the periphery of the periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths. These foci expand to contain large numbers of antibody-forming cells that neither bind the lectin, peanut agglutinin, nor mutate the rearranged immunoglobulin variable region loci. Germinal centers containing peanut agglutinin-positive B cells can be observed by 96-120 h after immunization. Although specific for the immunizing hapten, these B cells do not produce substantial amounts of antibody, but are the population that undergoes somatic hypermutation and affinity-driven selection. Both focus and germinal center populations are pauciclonal, founded, on average, by three or fewer B lymphocytes. Despite the highly specialized roles of the focus (early antibody production) and germinal center (higher affinity memory cells) B cell populations, analysis of VH to D to JH joins in neighboring foci and germinal centers demonstrate that these B cell populations have a common clonal origin.
Vehicle Tracking in Video Using Fractional Feedback Kalman Filter

Object tracking is a challenging and important area of research. The object tracking system must be capable of tracking abrupt variations in object state. Kalman filter is fundamental and widely used as an optimal state estimator in object tracking. With known noise and system parameters, Kalman filter tends to stabilize the gain. However, during sudden transitions of the object tracked, constant gain Kalman filter may diverge. This paper proposes a modified steady-state gain of the Kalman filter, which is achieved by introducing a fractional feedback loop across the Kalman gain. The modified Kalman gain is estimated by minimizing the cost function of the proposed Kalman filter. Results show that the accuracy and robustness of the Kalman filter are significantly improved. The performance of the proposed method is compared with that of the standard Kalman filter, fractional-order Kalman filter, and unscented Kalman filter. In this work, the root mean square error is used as the performance metric. The proposed method has been tested for different datasets, including traffic videos. Experiments show that RMSE is improved upto $17\%$ by using the proposed modified Kalman filter.
Identification of Plasmodium falciparum antigens by antigenic analysis of genomic and proteomic data

The recent explosion in genomic sequencing has made available a wealth of data that can now be analyzed to identify protein antigens, potential targets for vaccine development. Here we present, in the context of Plasmodium falciparum, a strategy that rapidly identifies target antigens from large and complex genomes. Sixteen antigenic proteins recognized by volunteers immunized with radiation-attenuated P. falciparum sporozoites, but not by mock immunized controls, were identified. Several of these were more antigenic than previously identified and well characterized P. falciparum-derived protein antigens. The data suggest that immune responses to Plasmodium are dispersed on a relatively large number of parasite antigens. These studies have implications for our understanding of immunodominance and breadth of responses to complex pathogens.
Sentiment Domain Adaptation with Multiple Sources

Domain adaptation is an important research topic in sentiment analysis area. Existing domain adaptation methods usually transfer sentiment knowledge from only one source domain to target domain. In this paper, we propose a new domain adaptation approach which can exploit sentiment knowledge from multiple source domains. We first extract both global and domain-specific sentiment knowledge from the data of multiple source domains using multi-task learning. Then we transfer them to target domain with the help of words’ sentiment polarity relations extracted from the unlabeled target domain data. The similarities between target domain and different source domains are also incorporated into the adaptation process. Experimental results on benchmark dataset show the effectiveness of our approach in improving cross-domain sentiment classification performance.
Usability Guidelines for Co-Located Multi-User Interaction on Wall Displays

Today interactive wall displays can be widely seen in industry and research. Due to their size, these displays offer the opportunity for several users to interact co-located and simultaneously. An application supporting multi-user interaction has to be designed differently than traditional single-user interfaces, for example supporting several parallel workspaces or considering by-standers. The overall goal of this thesis is the development of usability guidelines for multi-user applications running on interactive wall displays. These guidelines should aid developers of future applications in ensuring a high multi-user usability. The research approach combines literature analysis with usability studies and controlled laboratory studies. The literature analysis and the usability study will identify aspects specific to multi-user usability. The laboratory studies will deepen the understanding of two selected usability aspects, with readability in a multi-user scenario being one of them.
A Java-Based Real-Time Reactive Stream Framework

This paper presents a framework for real-time reactive stream processing. The approach is to extend the proposed Java 9 Reactive Streams model and integrate it with the Real-Time Specification for Java. The approach leverages a real-time version of the Java 8 Stream processing framework. Our approach addresses the major issue when using Reactive Streams in real-time: there is no way to set the timeout. Our evaluation shows there is significant improvement in the predictability of stream processing with our framework over that of one implemented using regular Java.