Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stock characteristics, trading behavior, and psychological pitfalls

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how stock characteristics influence investor trading behavior and psychological pitfalls. Design/methodology/approach - – This study employs the methods of Solt and Statman (1989) and Kumar (2009) to examine investor trading activities. Findings - – Good companies do not usually have good stocks, while lottery-type stocks show better price performance than other stocks. Due to the representativeness and affect heuristics, the stocks of good companies are frequently transacted, while the low-priced stocks are infrequently transacted. Moreover, investors may display the gambler’s fallacy in the trade of stocks of good companies and the overconfidence and self-attribution bias in the trade of lottery-type stocks. Research limitations/implications - – Investors trading lottery-type stocks demonstrate greater maturity than those that trade stocks of good companies; however, psychological pitfalls still dominate investor trading behavior. Practical implications - – The representativeness heuristic of “stocks of good companies are good stocks” results in the inclusion of stocks of good companies in a portfolio and poorer price performance, whereas the inclusion of lottery-type stocks in a portfolio brings higher returns within a short period of time. Originality/value - – Compared to earlier studies that focussed on the price performance of stocks of good companies and investor trading behavior in relation to lottery-type stocks, this study aims to investigate the influence of stock characteristics on price performance, trading activities, and psychological pitfalls.
Food retailing opportunities in Eastern Europe

Considers the importance of Eastern European markets to Europe’s large food retailers. Describes and evaluates the international retail activity which has already taken place in Eastern Europe and the impact this is having on retail structures in Eastern Europe. Presents the results of a survey: compares senior retail executives’ perceptions of the opportunities which exist in Eastern Europe with their perceptions of other markets. Discusses the developmental role of Western European retailers in Eastern Europe and considers future prospects.
Multidisciplinary Evaluation of Patients With Suspected Lung Cancer

Lung cancer diagnosis and treatment have evolved to require the input and expertise of multiple diverse medical and surgical specialties. The approach to lung cancer patients requires the adherence to a few principles that include thorough use of staging modalities to assure the proper treatment for each patient, and an understanding of the limitations and advantages of each of these modalities. Evidence is continuing to emerge that supports the notion that diagnostic workup and treatment of lung cancer patients is best done within the context of a multidisciplinary team devoted to this purpose.
Thrombectomy after intravenous thrombolysis is the new standard of care in acute stroke with large vessel occlusion

Since the demonstration of the efficacy of intravenous (IV) thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) 20 years ago with the publication of NINDS, no medical or interventional treatment had shown further clinical benefit in acute cerebral infarction. Although three randomized trials (IMS 3 SYNTHESIS, MR RESCUE) using first-generation devices (MERCI system) failed to show benefit of intra-arterial revascularization,1–3 the therapeutic management of acute ischemic stroke has been revolutionized by the recent results of six randomized controlled trials (MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, EXTEND-IA, SWIFT PRIME, REVASCAT, THRACE) comparing the usual medical management (including IV thrombolysis within 4.5 h of symptoms onset) with stent retriever thrombectomy in acute anterior ischemic stroke with proximal intracranial artery occlusion (distal internal carotid artery or proximal middle cerebral artery). 4–9
Life-course Experience and Housing Quality

This paper reports the extent to which the effects of such life-course experiences as partnership formation, the transition to parenthood, divorce and unemployment on housing quality persist over the life course. Using retrospective survey data for the Netherlands and ordered logit analysis, the effects on housing quality of life-course experiences, their timing, and their persistence over the life-course were estimated. Housing quality was measured by a 4-category variable based on tenure and the size of a dwelling. The results indicate that several lifecourse experiences have a lasting effect on housing quality, although most effects become weaker with increasing age or duration since the experience.
A taxonomy of national systems of innovation: R&D structure of OECD economies

As technology becomes more globalised increasing attention has been paid to the concept of national systems of innovation (NSI). This paper presents a descriptive taxonomy of NSI as a quantitative base for future research. R&D structure in terms of the flow of R&D expenditure among major actors in 23 OECD countries is used to produce seven clusters of countries with different NSI characteristics. This can form the basis of a more extensive taxonomy including non-OECD economies. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.
Pancho Villa and the Marlboro Man: American-style charisma in the marketplace of ideas

Mexican revolutionary Pancho Villa’s charisma has been well documented. The wily rebel leader’s personal dynamism  gures prominently in Friedrich Katz’s recent biography, The Life and Times of Pancho Villa [4]. Katz identi es four ways in which Villa elicited  erce loyalty from his troops: audacity; strict discipline in the ranks; con dence of other leaders; and, humble beginnings [5]. Katz notes a  fth element—personal fearlessness—as do many other authors, but lists it under the rubric of audacity. One can  nd hundreds of studies published over the last 85 years written about Villa that sketch a similar composite. And while this literature as a whole leans toward the partisan, even Villa’s enemies acknowledge his ability to invoke  erce loyalty [6]. Villa managed to elicit support and admiration in part through the promotion of effective, sophisticated, unrelenting propaganda in the USA. Villa packaged himself with alacrity, demonstrating a keen understanding of some of the nuances of American culture. In short, in the  eld of public relations he knew how to press the right buttons. Villa also nearly emerged as the military victor of the Mexican Revolution, 1910– 1920. Risen from penury, the former bandit played a key role in supporting President Francisco I. Madero, the wealthy, Berkeley-educated landowner who unseated strongman Por rio D ṍ az (1876–1910). Madero’s democratic government was short-lived—literally. Madero died violently in a coup engineered in February 1913 by Victoriano Huerta, a general who then became dictator. At this point the civil war resumed; and Villa played the central military role in it, helping to vanquish Huerta in July 1914. But then Villa and his erstwhile colleague, nominal civilian head, and the self-proclaimed First Chief of the civil war, Venustiano Carranza, set to  ghting in the autumn of 1914. For the next 6 months it appeared as if Villa held the upper hand. He had amassed a formidable army over several years, drawing heavily on his ability to exact loyalty and enthusiasm from his troops. His glamour also spilled over into news reports in the USA, to the point that by the fall of 1914 Villa sometimes seemed to own the front pages [7]. At  rst glance a reader might wonder how that was possible. After all, apart from a
Canadian Consumer's Willingness-To-Pay For Pesticide Free Food Products: An Ordered Probit Analysis

A new crop production system has emerged in western Canada. Pesticide Free ProductionTM (PFPTM) emphasizes reduced pesticide use in conjunction with increased reliance on producer knowledge of agronomic practices that mitigate weed, insect and disease pressure. A contingent valuation survey was undertaken to determine if Canadian consumers would pay a premium for PFPTM food products. Over 65 percent of respondents would be willing to pay a one to ten percent premium relative to a conventional food product. Five percent of respondents would be willing to pay more than a 20 percent premium. Health and environmental concerns, willingness to switch grocery stores and youth are important characteristics of consumers who would be willing to pay higher premiums. Distribution channels geared towards health food stores (or health food centers within grocery stores) are likely targets for PFPTM food products.
Esthetic outcome evaluation of maxillary anterior single-tooth bone-level implants with metal or ceramic abutments and ceramic crowns.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of implants placed in the maxillary anterior segment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were treated with bone-level implants (Straumann Bone Level Implant, Institut Straumann) that supported all-ceramic single crowns and were followed for 2 to 4 years. Titanium or ceramic abutments were used according to the quality of the soft tissue at each site. Esthetic parameters were recorded to assess treatment outcomes. Pink esthetic scores (PES) and white esthetic scores (WES) were used to evaluate the esthetic outcome of anterior single-tooth implant-supported crowns. Patient satisfaction was also evaluated by means of a questionnaire. RESULTS Fifty-five implants were placed in 47 patients. At the recall examinations, all implants were confirmed to have successfully integrated and demonstrated healthy peri-implant soft tissues, as documented by generally accepted clinical parameters. Overall, the esthetic results were considered favorable, and there were no significant differences between restorations with ceramic or titanium abutments. WES values were slightly superior to PES values. None of the implants had mucosal recession. CONCLUSION Objective and subjective evaluation of maxillary bone-level implants in the esthetic zone yielded satisfactory results. Pleasing esthetic outcomes and stable facial soft tissues were achieved.
Does International Trade Cause Economic Growth? A Survey

This study surveys the literature on the relationship between international trade and economic growth, and succinctly reviews the role of GATT/WTO in fostering free trade. Most studies support the gains of trade and recognise the substantive contributions of GATT/WTO in fostering free trade; the evidence is, however, not ubiquitously unambiguous. The macroeconomic evidence provides a dominant support for the positive and significant effects of trade on output and growth, while the microeconomic evidence lends larger support to the exogenous effects of productivity on trade, as compared to the effects of trade on productivity. The GATT/WTO remains surrounded by barriers to trade and avowed preferences for preferential trade agreements. The strength of the argument for the gains of trade needs to be evaluated in juxtaposition with several methodological and measurement issues that surround the trade-growth empirics. Most studies focus on partial equilibrium analysis of trade policy and ignore the general equilibrium aspects of macroeconomic policy. It is difficult to disentangle the effects of trade policies from those of other macroeconomic policies and unequivocally interpret the observed correlations between trade policies and economic growth. Trade is one of the several catalysts of productivity and growth and hence its contribution is contingent on its weight in economic activity.
Automatic detection and classification of cetacean tonal sounds from a long-term marine observatory

Passive acoustic monitoring is effective for examining the temporal variation of cetacean occurrences through continuous recording. However, the interpretation of behavior variability remains difficult. Cetacean tonal sounds are believed to play an important role in communication. Changes in tonal sound usage can be indicative of changes in cetacean behavior. In this study, we applied a generalized tonal sound detector on recordings from the marine cable hosted observatory (MACHO) off Northeastern Taiwan. The tonal sound detector is a modified local-max detector, which examines the prominence of tonality in 2 ms time intervals. Detections were confirmed based on the short-time transient characteristic of tonal sounds. The burst pulse, fundamental frequency, and harmonic were separated during post-processing. The detection results can be used to analyze the frequency distribution and modulation of the tonal sounds. Following individual contour extractions, the tonal sounds were classified to examine the repertoire composition through duration and frequency normalization. An evident nighttime occurrence was identified for both the burst pulse and tonal sound. The mode frequency of tonal sound did not show a significant difference, but the percentage of overlapping tonal sounds, Shannon entropy of frequency distribution, and repertoire complexity varied significantly among diurnal cycles. The current framework of quantification on tonal sound modulation and repertoire complexity provides intuitive parameters for the variability of cetacean behavior, which can be used to examine the temporal variations of cetacean habitat use. The precision in distinguishing different species and behaviors may be increased by comparing the repertoire established through automatic classification.
Water immersion-induced alterations of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide level and its relationship to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vasopressin secretion in acute and chronic renal failure.

Water immersion (WI)-induced alterations of circulating plasma volume (PV), plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma levels of aldosterone (Ald), vasopressin (AVP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were examined in 12 patients with noninflammatory acute renal failure (ARF) at the anuric/oliguric phase, in 20 hemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure and in 15 healthy subjects. Patients with acute and chronic renal failure showed significantly elevated basal ANP concentrations (138.67 +/- 12.88 and 295.8 +/- 21.87 pg/ml, respectively) as compared with normals (74.54 +/- 4.1 pg/ml) and significantly elevated PRA (20.85 +/- 3.24 and 6.60 +/- 0.94 ng/ml/h, respectively versus 2.33 +/- 0.31 ng/ml/h), plasma levels of Ald (16.11 +/- 1.26 and 18.11 +/- 1.58 ng/dl, respectively versus 12.71 +/- 1.03 ng/dl) and AVP (6.95 +/- 0.62 and 6.08 +/- 0.54 pg/ml, respectively versus 2.68 +/- 0.48 pg/ml). After 2 hrs of WI a significant decline of PRA, Ald and AVP but an increase of ANP was noted in all examined groups. The absolute WI-induced increase in plasma ANP was significantly less marked in uremic patients than in normals. The endocrine profile of patients with ARF differed only quantitatively from that of patients with CRF both under basal and WI conditions. WI was followed by a significant increase of PV which was significantly more marked in patients with ARF (+ 16.42 +/- 1.73%) than in CRF (10.57 +/- 0.37%) and in normals (+11.3 +/- 1.6%). Only in healthy subjects a significant correlation was found between WI-induced changes of PV and ANP, PRA and Ald, and between PRA and AVP. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Financial Distress Prediction Models: A Review of Their Usefulness1

SUMMARY Throughout the 1980s there has been continued interest in developing financial distress prediction models for both large and small firms. There has, however, been no survey of this literature directed towards assessing the uses and limitations of these models in a management context. The purpose of the paper is, therefore, to indicate the managerial uses and limitations associated with adopting financial distress prediction models. The paper achieves this end by considering in section two the current financial distress prediction techniques and their limitations. Section three examines the relevance of the predicted event (usually actual failure), the usefulness of multi-outcome models and the appropriateness of various sample selection methods. A review of the range and adequacy of the financial and non-financial information used to construct predictive models forms the basis of the fourth section and is followed in section five by a review of the validity of the claims made on behalf of their predictive accuracy. The following section examines the efficacy of other methods of predicting distress, and reviews the ‘man versus model’ literature concerning the relative abilities of unaided human decision-makers and statistical models. The final section offers conclusions and suggests where future work might be directed.
TAM Design and Optimization for Transparency-Based SoC Test

We present a graph model and an ILP model for optimal TAM design for transparency-based SoC testing. The proposed method is an extension of (Chakrabarty, 2003) so that not only the system-level cost but also the core-level cost can be simultaneously taken into consideration during the optimization process. We also relax the constraints by considering test dataflows and extend it to be able to handle the case where cores cannot be made transparent due to IP protection. The proposed ILP model can represent various problems including the same problem as (Chakrabarty, 2003) and produce better results. Experimental results show the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed method compared to (Chakrabarty, 2003).
Research on two kinds of servo control elements effect on highly integrated valve-controlled cylinder

The joint drive of quadruped robot, the highly integrated valve-controlled cylinder (HIVC), whose control performance could effect on the whole machine of the robot directly. In this paper, based on the structure principles of flow servo valve and pressure-flow servo valve, the mathematical models of above two kinds of servo valve are established to analyze their dynamical performance respectively. To ensure the accuracy of the analysis results, the flow gain of above two kinds of servo valve are unified, then using them for force close loop control of HIVC on the performance test platform of HIVC, the effects of step force and sinusoidal force on the force control performance of HIVC with different forward channel gain are tested, moreover, the force control performance of HIVC under different frequency position disturbance are tested. The test results indicates both flow servo valve and pressure-flow servo valve can realize force close loop control of HIVC, but by comparison, due to the load pressure which is existed in pressure-flow servo valve power level spool equilibrium process, the output flow decrease sharply with load force increasing, which can lead the load force control performance of HIVC which consists of pressure-flow servo valve is inferior to those which consists of flow servo valve. All the research conclusions can provide a theoretical and experimental foundation for the selection of servo control element of HIVC.
[HPLC-TOF-MS analysis of metabolites of Diffusa effective extracts in rats].

OBJECTIVE To analyze p-coumaril acid, trans-6-O-p-coumaroyl scandoside methyl ester and its metabolites in rat plasma after intragastric administration of exocarpium Diffusa effective extracts. METHOD Rat blood samples were collected 1.0 h after oral administration of 0.4 g x kg(-1) exocarpium Diffusa effective extracts, and then were analyzed by using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. RESULT In rat plasma, only one metabolite was detected. The structure was identified by reference substance to be p-coumaril acid. CONCLUSION The methyl glucoside metabolite in rat from the main component parts of trans-6-O-p-coumaroyl scandoside methyl ester droppings of vines in Diffusa effective extracts is p-coumaril acid. This experiment provides a theortical basis for studying chemical compositions and pharmacodynamic action of Diffusa.
Soluble CD36 (sCD36) clusters with markers of insulin resistance, and high sCD36 is associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Soluble CD36 (sCD36) may be an early marker of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate sCD36 as a predictor of type 2 diabetes and to study its relationship with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetSy). DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND OUTCOME MEASURES: We conducted a case-referent study nested within a population-based health survey. Baseline variables included sCD36, body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids, adipokines, inflammatory markers, and beta-cell function. A total of 173 initially nondiabetic cohort members who developed type 2 diabetes during 10 yr of follow-up were matched (1:2) with referents. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to hypothesize affiliation of sCD36 to the MetSy components. RESULTS Doubling of baseline sCD36 increases the odds ratio for diabetes development by 1.24 in the general study population and by 1.45 in the female population (P < 0.025). Comparing upper sCD36 quartiles with lower, odds ratio for diabetes was 4.6 in women (P = 0.001), 3.15 in men (P = 0.011), and 2.6 in obese individuals (P < 0.025). Multivariate analysis shows that sCD36 does not predict diabetes independent of fasting plasma glucose and insulin. Factor analysis of 15 variables generates a six-factor model explaining 66-69% of total variance, where sCD36, body mass index, insulin, proinsulin, and leptin were assigned to the obesity/insulin resistance cluster. CONCLUSIONS Upper quartile sCD36 is associated with elevated diabetes risk independent of age, gender, and obesity. Baseline sCD36 does not, however, predict diabetes independent of fasting glucose and insulin. sCD36 clusters with important markers of insulin resistance and MetSy that are key predictors of type 2 diabetes.
Use of Social Media by U.S. Colleges: Potential and Pitfalls

Several institutions of higher learning in the US are using social media (SM) technology. The focus of the paper is on how a university’s governance and administrative functions use SM technology as well as the utilization of SM to facilitate interaction with its faculty, staff, and students. In addition, current research attempts to understand the application of SM technologies to the student college choice model proposed by Chapman. This study proposes a model to examine implementation of SM applications throughout an institution and includes recommendations to expand the scope of SM technology usage in universities and directions for future research.
Notch activates sonic hedgehog and both are involved in the specification of dorsal midline cell-fates in Xenopus

We analysed the role of Notch signalling during the specification of the dorsal midline in Xenopus embryos. By activating or blocking the pathway we found that Notch expands the floor plate domain of sonic hedgehog and pintallavis and represses the notochordal markers chordin and brachyury, with a concomitant reduction of the notochord size. We propose that within a population of the early organiser with equivalent potential to develop either as notochord or floor plate, Notch activation favours floor plate development at the expense of the notochord, preferentially before mid gastrula. We present evidence that sonic hedgehog down-regulates chordin, suggesting that secreted Sonic hedgehog may be involved or reinforcing the cell-fate switch executed by Notch. We also show that Notch signalling requires Presenilin to modulate this switch.