Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Evolution toward Electron Capture Supernovae: The Flame Propagation and the Pre-bounce Electron–Neutrino Radiation

A critical-mass ONe core with a high ignition density is considered to end in gravitational collapse leading to neutron star formation. Being distinct from an Fe core collapse, the final evolution involves combustion flame propagation, in which complex phase transition from ONe elements into the nuclear statistical equilibrium (NSE) state takes place. We simulate the core evolution from the O+Ne ignition until the bounce shock penetrates the whole core, using a state-of-the-art 1D Lagrangian neutrino radiation hydrodynamic code, in which important nuclear burning, electron capture, and neutrino reactions are taken into account. Special care is also taken in making a stable initial condition by importing the stellar equation of state, which is used for the progenitor evolution calculation, and by improving the remapping process. We find that the central ignition leads to intense νe radiation with erg s−1 powered by fast electron captures onto NSE isotopes. This pre-bounce νe radiation heats the surroundings by the neutrino–electron scattering, which acts as a new driving mechanism of the flame propagation together with the adiabatic contraction. The resulting flame velocity of ∼108 cm s−1 will be more than one order of magnitude faster than that of a laminar flame driven by heat conduction. We also find that the duration of the pre-bounce νe radiation phase depends on the degree of the core hydrostatic/dynamical stability. Therefore, the future detection of the pre-bounce neutrino is important not only to discriminate the ONe core collapse from the Fe core collapse but also to constrain the progenitor hydrodynamical stability.
MODELING CARBON FLUX OF THE SUNDARBANS: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTION OF THE SUNDARBANS’ CONTRIBUTION AND VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE

Models of canopy gas exchange provide a theoretical framework for thorough analysis and interpretation of the scaling of physiological processes, enabling physiologist to extend their work to larger scales. They also fit the requirements of assessing effects of climate change on vegetation. Process-based models of forest canopy carbon uptake predict fluxes from individual leaves and canopies, and have been extended to provide estimates of carbon uptake at national and global scales. Fundamental to such models is the scaling of leaf photosynthesis to canopies by considering interception of solar radiation and leaf photosynthetic capacity. The net carbon gain of a tree canopy is the balance between carbon assimilated through photosynthesis and carbon lost through respiration. The within-canopy distribution of photosynthetic capacity is related to the distribution of leaf nitrogen, which can determine canopy-level carbon assimilation because of the nitrogen-rich photosynthetic enzyme Rubisco (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase) and electron-transport capacity. Photosynthesis of a canopy element depends, amongst other things, on the biochemical capacity for photosynthesis of that element, its temperature, its carbon dioxide at the sites of carboxylation, and its absorbed irradiance. During the last decade, process-based simulation models have been increasingly used to deepen the understanding of tree growth and development. Of the processes controlling tree growth and yield represented in these models, photosynthetic capacities are always of prime importance, because they determine (along with foliage distribution) potential tree carbon gains. Furthermore, environmental variables largely control actual photosynthetic rates. Thus, developing a process-based canopy photosynthesis model for the Sundarbans calls for reliable and comprehensive information on functional relationships between leaf CO2 assimilation and plant and environmental variables of the ecosystem. Such models can be useful to predict the Sundarbans growth and carbon sequestration potential and their vulnerability to the change in climatic variables.
Locus of Control Moderating the Influence of Budgeting Participation on Managerial Performance

This study intends to investigate the influence of involvement in budgeting on managerial performance and examine if the locus of control variable might operate as a moderating variable to mediate the relationship between budgetary participation and organizational performance. A sample of 56 individuals was collected from eight bank branch offices in Kendari via purposeful sampling, with seven respondents from each branch. The data utilized are primary data gathered through the distribution of questionnaires to all respondents and processed with the assistance of PLS statistical tests. This study reveals that engagement in budgeting has a positive and statistically significant effect on managerial performance. Moreover, the locus of control has a negative but negligibleimpactt on management performance. However, when the locus of control interacts with budgetary participation, it considerably impacts managerial performance. This suggests that the locus of control is suboptimal for tasks other than budgeting, resulting in a decline in the quality of those tasks. An unfavorable work environment can cause it; thus, self-control and the ability of managers or employees to affect the climate are unnecessary. When its activities connect with budgeting activities, it is precise with external effects controlled by a robust internal locus, so different pressures and levels cannot easily affect it. Other moderating variables may impede or enhance budgetary involvement and managerial success. Consequently, future studies might investigate the selection of additional moderating variables.
Forecasting maximum solar flare magnitudes from photospheric magnetograms

The purpose of this paper is to forecast the maximum solar flare magnitude in an active region and its uncertainty from photospheric magnetic field data. We analyzed 21 flare samples covering X‐ray flare magnitudes from A5.0 to X17.0. Photospheric magnetic parameters are obtained from vector and line of sight magnetograms observed with the Solar Flare Telescope and the Michelson Doppler Imager. Magnetic parameters are averaged axial field strength, averaged longitudinal field strength, and characteristic scale length. These parameters show linear relations with the X‐ray flare magnitudes. This enables us to forecast the maximum flare magnitude an active region will produce. The uncertainty in the forecast is estimated with a simultaneous tolerance interval analysis under 95% confidence level and probability. The minimum uncertainty is factor 3.7 with the data from high‐shear regions (shear angles larger than 60°). Therefore, log FX of the regionally largest flare is forecasted with an uncertainty of log (3.7) = 0.57. For example, an X7.0 flare can be predicted with an uncertainty between X1.9 and X25.9.
Determinants of Earnings Management in Food and Beverage Sector Companies in Indonesian

This research aims to provide evidence that leverage, managerial ownership, board of directors, and firm size affect earnings management. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The population in this study is all manufacturing companies in the food and beverage sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, which are 18 companies and disclose annual reports for 2017-2021. The data collection technique used in this study is more precisely using the purposive sampling technique so that the researcher will take 45 samples from the population. This study found that leverage, managerial ownership, and firm size positively and significantly affect earnings management. In contrast, the board of directors has a negative and insignificant effect on earnings management.
Orbit Fluctuation of Electron Beam due to Vibration of Vacuum Chamber in Quadrupole Magnets

The fluctuation spectrum of the electron beam orbit in the SPring-8 storage ring had broad peaks at approximately 40 Hz vertically and from 80 to 100 Hz horizontally. Fourier analysis of orbit fluctuation identified these fluctuation sources not as magnet vibration but as chamber one due to the disturbance of the cooling water. When the chamber vibration was reduced by fixing the chamber rigidly, the orbit fluctuation was reduced in the same way. An eddy current induced in the vibrating thick chamber in quadrupole magnets produces a bending field, which kicks the electron beam. This field is equivalent to the vibration field of a quadrupole magnet with the same vibration amplitude. The calculated orbit fluctuation based on this model agrees with the measured one.
A morphometric analysis of shape, size and position of mental foramen in dry human mandibles

Aim: To calculate size, shape and position of mental foramen. Materials & Methods: 50 dry human mandibles of either gender (20- females, 30- males) were included. The position of mental foramen in horizontally was calculated based on classification proposed by Bokhari. The vertical position was divided into six types using the modified Ngeow and Yuzawati criteria. Size was measured both vertically and horizontally with the help of vernier caliper and expressed as mean. Results: Most common horizontal position was II seen in both males (left- 56%, right- 50%) and females (left- 60%, right- 58%). Most common vertical position was 2 seen in males (left- 62%, right- 65%) and females (left- 55%, right- 52%). Most common shape was oval seen in both genders (males- 68% left, 62% right) and (females- 70% left, 72% right). A significant difference was observed (P<0.05). Conclusion: Variation in shape, size and position was observed both males and females, however, most common shape found to be oval and position was II horizontally and 2 vertically in both genders
Angular dependence of fluorescent x rays

The angular correlation between ionizing and fluorescent x rays is calculated including the dependence on the linear polarization of either x ray. The calculation is done relativistically including all the radiation multipoles using single-particle wave functions calculated in the Hartree-Slater model. The results are given for the ionization of a 2p/sub 3;2/ electron with the subsequent filling by a n = 3 electron for Z = 30, 79, and 92. (AIP)
The impact of e-commerce on environmental sustainability targets in selected European countries

E-commerce plays a crucial role in the digital economy. E-commerce can reduce costs and boost economic growth. Therefore, the global rate of E-commerce is increasing very fast, which has implications for the digital economy. This study analyses the impact of e-commerce on environmental sustainability. The empirical analysis employed OLS, 2SLS, GMM, and panel quantile regression methods using panel data of 10 European economies spanning over 2002 – 2019. Carbon emissions and GHG emissions measure environmental sustainability. The results from OLS, 2SLS and GMM show that e-commerce negatively impacts carbon emissions. The panel quantile regression results also show that e-commerce negatively impacts carbon emissions at the middle and higher quantiles. This study recommends that environmental sustainability programs pay attention to policies encouraging e-commerce.
An algorithm for a fast two-dimensional discrete cosine transform

The authors present an algorithm for the implementation of the two-dimensional discrete cosine transform (DCT) for 2/sup n/*2/sup n/ data points. This algorithm is based on a recently published fast one-dimensional DCT algorithm. The new algorithm is recursive, fast, and numerically stable. The two-dimensional decomposition in this new algorithm is based on the vector-radix approach. In this approach, the data matrix is partitioned into four subblocks, each of which, after some processing is transformed by a lower order DCT. The results from the lower order transforms are then combined to form the desired two-dimensional DCT. The overall complexity of the new transform is compared in terms of the number of multiplications and additions required to perform the two-dimensional DCT with those of a row/column implementation using the fast one-dimensional transform. <<ETX>>
Development and optimization of a supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the high-throughput determination of nimodipine in beagle plasma.

A simple, sensitive, and efficient supercritical fluid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was established for the determination of nimodipine in beagle plasma. One-step protein precipitation with acetone was used to extract the analytes from the plasma. Nitrendipine was used as the internal standard. The chromatographic separation was achieved on an ACQUITY UPC2 ™ BEH 2-EP column, and a gradient elution program was applied at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The detection was carried out on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization source operating in positive ion mode. Quantification was performed using multiple reaction monitoring of the transitions of m/z 419.3→301.3 for nimodipine and m/z 361.4→315.2 for nitrendipine. A satisfactory linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0.5-800 ng/mL (r > 0.996). The intra- and interday precision and accuracy results were <9.1% across the quality control levels. The peak concentration and area under concentration-time curve (0-720 min) values of the test and reference formulations were 279.28 ± 211.46 and 265.13 ± 149.26 ng/mL, 25608.00 ± 17553.65 and 28553.67 ± 20207.92 ng·min/mL, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to reveal the pharmacokinetic profiles of nimodipine in beagle dogs after oral administration. Moreover, the analytical method could be used for further bioequivalence studies.
Partial wavelet coherence analysis for understanding the standalone relationship between Indian Precipitation and Teleconnection patterns

Hydro-meteorological variables, like precipitation, streamflow are significantly influenced by various climatic factors and large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. Efficient water resources management requires an understanding of the effects of climate indices on the accurate predictability of precipitation. This study aims at understanding the standalone teleconnection between precipitation across India and the four climate indices, namely, Ni\~no 3.4, PDO, SOI, and IOD using partial wavelet analysis. The analysis considers the cross correlation between the climate indices while estimating the relationship with precipitation. Previous studies have overlooked the interdependence between these climate indices while analysing their effect on precipitation. The results of the study reveal that precipitation is only affected by Ni\~no 3.4 and IOD and a non-stationary relationship exists between precipitation and these two climate indices. Further, partial wavelet analysis revealed that SOI and PDO do not significantly affect precipitation, but seems the other way because of their interdependence on Ni\~no 3.4. It was observed that partial wavelet analysis strongly revealed the standalone relationship of climatic factors with precipitation after eliminating other potential factors. Keywords: Indian Precipitation, wavelet coherency, partial wavelet coherence, teleconnections patterns.
Assessment of Bacterial Community Profile in the Rearing Pond Environment and the Intestinal Tract of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in Lampung Province, Indonesia using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing: A Short Research Investigation

Along with the high demand for shrimp, the production challenges faced by practitioners are increasing in Indonesia, one of which is in Lampung region. Various basic monitoring techniques regarding the environment and farmed shrimp are needed to control production sustainability. This present study aimed to identify the bacterial community profile in the rearing pond water and intestinal tract of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Illumina-based sequencing was chosen to determine the bacterial community using the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Sequence data revealed the differences in bacterial community structure between the rearing water and shrimp intestines. Proteobacteria was the most prevalent phylum in the rearing water (W.B), accounting for 45.29 %, followed by Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In the shrimp intestinal tract (S.B), Cyanobacteria (35.15 %) dominated the microbiota, followed by Proteobacteria, Saccharibacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, TM6 (Dependentiae), and Firmicutes. Cyanobacteria were higher in the shrimp intestines (35.15 %) than in the rearing water (26.63 %). In addition, Escherichia-Shigella was the most common genera in the rearing water and shrimp intestines with different relative abundance. Cyanobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella highly detected in the rearing water and shrimp’s intestines might indicate that pond water had been polluted. Further investigation is necessary on the correlation of Cyanobacteria in the shrimp intestines with water pollution, proven by the dominance of Cyanobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella. These findings provide basic information to enhance our understanding of the microbial community and their roles in the shrimp culture environment to improve the quantity and quality of the yield and support its sustainability. HIGHLIGHTS Bacterial community profile in the rearing water and the intestinal tract of Pacific whiteleg shrimp play important roles in shrimp production Bacterial community structure differed between the rearing water and shrimp intestines Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in the rearing water (W.B), while Cyanobacteria dominated the microbiota in the intestinal tract of Pacific whiteleg shrimp Cyanobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella highly detected in the rearing water and shrimp’s intestines might indicate that pond water had been polluted GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Factor-Analytic Evidence for the Complexity of the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS)

This study examined the complexity of the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System both in terms of the overall number of factors needed to model the entire battery and the complexity of the number of factors needed to model individual tests. The correlations between tests from the Delis–Kaplan Executive Function System standardization sample were modeled with varying numbers of factors. Simulations of test scores were also done that varied the number of factors used to generate the data and considered criteria for factor retention based on eigenvalues, fit indices, and generalization to new data. The results show seven-factor solutions based on generalization of fixed weights to validation samples provided best estimates. Modification indices produced three seven-factor solutions with comparable model fit but markedly different factor loadings. These results are consistent with process overlap theory, which suggest that complex tests are determined my many distinct executive processes. Given uncertainty of factor-analytic solutions, interpretation of the meaning of test scores should be based on evidence that is external to the test items, such as their sensitivity to clinical conditions. Overly simplistic interpretations of executive test performance based on factor-analytic results are not warranted. This is consistent with the cognitive processing approach of the test authors.
The tensor desert

We consider the question of whether it is worth building an experiment with the sole purpose of bringing the detectable limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r down to 10−3. We look at the inflationary models which give a prediction in this region and recap the current situation with the tensor mode, showing that there are only three known models of inflation which give definitive predictions in the region 10−3 < r < 10−2.
Shocks and Spatially Offset Active Galactic Nuclei Produce Velocity Offsets in Emission Lines

While 2% of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) exhibit narrow emission lines with line-of-sight velocities that are significantly offset from the velocity of the host galaxy’s stars, the nature of these velocity offsets is unknown. We investigate this question with Chandra/ACIS and Hubble Space Telescope/Wide Field Camera 3 observations of seven velocity-offset AGNs at ; all seven galaxies have a central AGN, but a peak in emission that is spatially offset by <kpc from the host galaxy’s stellar centroid. These spatial offsets are responsible for the observed velocity offsets and are due to shocks, either from AGN outflows (in four galaxies) or gas inflowing along a bar (in three galaxies). We compare our results with a velocity-offset AGN whose velocity offset originates from a spatially offset AGN in a galaxy merger. The optical line flux ratios of the offset AGN are consistent with pure photoionization, while the optical line flux ratios of our sample are consistent with contributions from photoionization and shocks. We conclude that these optical line flux ratios could be efficient for separating velocity-offset AGNs into subgroups of offset AGNs—which are important for studies of AGN fueling in galaxy mergers—and central AGNs with shocks, where the outflows are biased toward the most energetic outflows that are the strongest drivers of feedback.
Intravenous Versus Wetting Solution Magnesium Sulphate to Counteract Epinephrine Cardiac Adverse Events in Abdominal Liposuction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background The increased frequency of liposuction has resulted in more complications being reported. Adding epinephrine to the wetting solution could induce some cardiac adverse effects, some of which may be fatal. For instance, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is known for its cardioprotective effects. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous (IV) versus wetting solution containing MgSO4 in decreasing such cardiac adverse events during abdominal liposuction. Methods This randomized controlled study included 129 adult cases undergoing abdominal liposuction under general anesthesia. The participants were divided into 3 groups: Group I (control group) was only subjected to the injection of the wetting fluid (1 mL 1/1000 epinephrine added to every 1000 mL of normal saline), group II was subjected to IV MgSO4 (40 mg/kg over 1 minute) at the same time of installing the wetting solution, and group III was subjected to MgSO4 (40 mg/kg) added to the wetting solution. Results Intraoperative isoflurane consumption, intraoperative heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and postoperative pain scores were significantly lower in the MgSO4 groups (groups II and III) than group I. Cardiac adverse events (sinus tachycardia and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)) were also significantly less frequent in groups II and III compared to group I. Conclusions Adding MgSO4, either through IV or subcutaneous routes, is associated with lower intraoperative HR, MAP, and postoperative pain scores and a remarkable decrease in epinephrine-induced cardiac adverse events during liposuction.