Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint optimization of production and maintenance scheduling for unrelated parallel machine using hybrid discrete spider monkey optimization algorithm

This paper considers an unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with variable maintenance based on machine reliability to minimize the maximum completion time. To obtain the optimal solution of small-scale problems, we firstly establish a mixed integer programming model. To solve the medium and large-scale problems efficiently and effectively, we develop a hybrid discrete spider monkey optimization algorithm (HDSMO), which combines discrete spider monkey optimization (DSMO) with genetic algorithm (GA). A few additional features are embedded in the HDSMO: a three-phase constructive heuristic is proposed to generate better initial solution, and an individual updating method considering the inertia weight is used to balance the exploration and exploitation capabilities. Moreover, a problem-oriented neighborhood search method is designed to improve the search efficiency. Experiments are conducted on a set of randomly generated instances. The performance of the proposed HDSMO algorithm is investigated and compared with that of other existing algorithms. The detailed results show that the proposed HDSMO algorithm can obtain significantly better solutions than the DSMO and GA algorithms.
On Weight Enumerators of i-spotty-byte Codes

i-spotty-byte error control codes introduced by the author (2) are a natural generalization of spotty-byte codes (4) and -codes (1). In this paper, we introduce various types of weight enumerators of i-spotty-byte codes viz. exact weight enumerator, complete weight enumerator, i-byte weight enumerator and i-spotty-byte weight enumerator. We obtain the MacWilliams duality relation for the exact and the complete weight enumerators of an i-spotty-byte error control code.
Children born small for gestational age

Introduction/Aim. Those born small for gestational age are all newborns whose weight, length and head circumference deviate by more than minus two standard deviations in relation to the same parameters of average children of the same sex, corresponding gestational age and population. The goal is their early recognition and adequate treatment. They should be clearly distinguished from premature babies, children born before the 37th week of gestation, and it should be noted that all children born small for gestational age are always born after intrauterine growth arrest. Poor and economically underdeveloped countries show a higher prevalence of children small for gestational age. At birth, these children have a higher risk of asphyxia, infections, neurological disorders, and in the later period of life, low growth, cognitive dysfunctions, disorders of pubertal development and metabolic syndrome. If they have not achieved growth compensation by the age of four and their height is less than minus 2.5 standard deviations, treatment with recombinant growth hormone is suggested. The recommended starting dose of growth hormone is 35 mg/kg of body weight per day. Adequate adjustment of the dose is achieved by monitoring the growth rate at 6 - 12 and IGF-1 at 3 - 6 months after starting therapy, and then once a year. The treatment is stopped in the period of adolescence, when the growth rate is < 2 cm per year. Conclusion. Early recognition of children born small for gestational age provides the opportunity to avoid numerous complications later in life with adequate and timely treatment.
OFF LINE SIGNATURE VERIFICATION USING RADON TRANSFORM AND SVM/KNN CLASSIFIERS

We present a system for off-line signature verification, approaching the problem as a two-class pattern recognition problem. We use Discrete Radon Transform to extract global features from the signatures. During enrollment, a number of reference signatures are used for each registered user and cross aligned to extract statistics about that user's signature. A test signature's verification is established by first aligning it with each reference signature for the claimed user. The signature is then classified as genuine or forgery, according to the alignment scores which are normalized by reference statistics, using standard pattern classification techniques. We experimented with SVM classifier and KNN classifier. Using a database of 2250 signatures (genuine signatures and skilled forgeries) from 75 writers our present system achieves a performance of approximately 80 % when used SVM classifier and a performance of approximately 70 % in the case of KNN classifier.
Explainable Transfer Learning-Based Deep Learning Model for Pelvis Fracture Detection

Pelvis fracture detection is vital for diagnosing patients and making treatment decisions for traumatic pelvis injuries. Computer-aided diagnostic approaches have recently become popular for assisting doctors in disease diagnosis, making their conclusions more trustworthy and error-free. Inspecting X-ray images with fractures needs a lot of time from experienced physicians. However, there is a lack of inexperienced radiologists in many hospitals to deal with these images. Therefore, this study presents an accurate computer-aided-diagnosing system based on deep learning for detecting pelvis fractures. In this research, we construct an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) framework for pelvis fracture classification. We used a dataset containing 876 X-ray images (472 pelvis fractures and 404 normal images) to train the model. The obtained results are 98.5%, 98.5%, 98.5%, and 98.5% for accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and precision.
Occurrence of equine metabolic syndrome, clinical manifestations, and associated risk factors in Nigeria

Insulin dysregulation (ID) is central to the pathophysiology of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS), putting the horse at risk of laminitis. There is a paucity of information on the status of EMS in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of EMS, clinical manifestations, and associated risk factors in Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was carried out. Selected horses underwent an insulin 2-step response test to ascertain insulin dysregulation; a physical examination was carried out to diagnose laminitis and obesity. Risk factors were assessed using a questionnaire. The overall prevalence of EMS was 43.10%. Breed and sex were significantly associated with EMS, but age was not. Horses diagnosed with laminitis showed two signs of laminitis, namely, divergent hoof rings and widened white lines. Risk factors significantly associated with the prevalence of EMS were as follows: being a West African Barb horse (60.00%), being a stallion (67.86%), being a leisure horse (67.86%), only walking horses during exercise (68.00%), exercising horses once every 5 months (82.76%), tethering horses to a stake in the ground (67.86%), obesity (92.86%), and abnormal neck crest (83.33%). The risk of ID remains higher in obese horses. However, some of the horses with ID were not obese, indicating that there are other possible underlying causes of EMS.
The moderating effect of marketing competence on the relationship between strategic flexibility organizational performances of quoted pharmaceutical companies in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of strategic flexibility on performance of quoted pharmaceutical firms in Nigeria, as moderated by marketing competence. The study adopted survey research design, and collected data from 642 management and senior staff employees of the six quoted pharmaceutical firms in Nigeria. Findings from PLS-SEM analysis of the data revealed that strategic flexibility and marketing competence have positive effect on organizational performance, while marketing competence exerted a negative moderating effect on the relationship between strategic flexibility and organizational performance. The study concluded that strategic flexibility and marketing competence can boost organizational performance, and recommended that management of quoted pharma companies in Nigeria should pay more attention to issues of flexible strategies within their firms, and develop marketing competencies to enhance performance, but exercise restraint when attempting to synergize strategic flexibility and marketing competence in a bid to improve organizational performance in turbulent and dynamic business environment
Automatic Integration of Drug Indications from Multiple Health Resources

Recent findings show that online reviews, blogs, and discussion forums on chronic diseases and drugs are becoming important supporting resources for patients. Extracting information from these substantial bodies of texts is useful and challenging. We developed a generative probabilistic aspect mining model (PAMM) for identifying the aspects/topics relating to class labels or categorical meta-information of a corpus. Unlike many other unsupervised approaches or supervised approaches, PAMM has a unique feature in that it focuses on finding aspects relating to one class only rather than finding aspects for all classes simultaneously in each execution. This reduces the chance of having aspects formed from mixing concepts of different classes; hence the identified aspects are easier to be interpreted by people. The aspects found also have the property that they are class distinguishing: They can be used to distinguish a class from other classes. An efficient EM-algorithm is developed for parameter estimation. Experimental results on reviews of four different drugs show that PAMM is able to find better aspects than other common approaches, when measured with mean point-wise mutual information and classification accuracy. In addition, the derived aspects were also assessed by humans based on different specified perspectives, and PAMM was found to be rated highest.
Analysis of the Effect of Binary OR Operation Property in Linear Network Coding Transmission Performance

ABSTRACT In all of the works related to linear network coding (LNC), researchers use the Galois field (GF) operation property to generate the coding matrix elements. The elements of the coding matrix produced from the coefficients are randomly generated and selected from the GF(q). In this paper, we present an analytical analysis on the effect of using the binary field (OR operation) property to generate the coding matrix elements in LNC instead of using the customary GF. The LNC with binary OR operation (LNC_OR) is simulated under various multihop wireless network conditions of coefficients and coding router for three different network topologies. Each of the three network topologies has different coefficients since different network coding router is used. Performances of the LNC with the different probability of the coefficients of coding matrix base on packet delivery ratio (PDR) are analysed. Simulation results for three different network topologies confirm that LNC_OR reduces the number of lost packets received and improves PDR performance as compared to LNC with GF (LNC_GF) operation property.
MODERATING ROLE OF AUDIT QUALITY AND FIRM SIZE ON PRETAX PROFIT MARGIN AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

This study examines the effect of related party transactions (RPTs) on pretax profit margin (PPM). It analyzes the moderating effect of audit quality and firm size based on a large panel of Indonesian-listed firms. The sample of three representative business groups from 2010–2021 and analysis uses the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator to control PPM as a proxy of taxable income. We document that this study finds that PPM(t-1) and RPT Sales negatively impact and are significant on firms’ PPM, consistent with the incentive alignment hypothesis. However, RPTs, RPT Loan, and RPT Receivables affect positively. We also find that audit quality strengthens the impact of RPT Loan and RPT Receivables on the PPM negatively and positively significantly; however weakens RPTs, RPT Sales, and RPT Expenses. Moreover, firm size weakens the effect RPTs on PPM. RPTs and tax avoidance are complex and multifaceted phenomena of corporate finance. Additional business groups and variables may have moderating and mediating effects on the impact of taxable income on the business group. Stakeholders, especially the government, should supervise and control RPTs activities comprehensively, especially on the types of RPT Sales and RPT Expenses transactions. The paper offers two contributions. First, it gathers the first evidence on the taxable income and RPTs practices and offers insights into Indonesia’s business group behavior. Second, the analysis examines eleven years considering the sensitivity of audit quality and firm size to RPTs and pretax profit margin.
Transformations in Close Relationship Networks: Parent–Child Relationships and their Social Extensions

T he ascendance of research on close relationships and their developmental significance springs from both theoretical and empirical roots. Theoretically, socialization and acculturation are now regarded as occurring within interdependent social units marked by bidirectional rather than in the top-down processes assumed in earlier models of rearing by adults (Collins, 2010; Collins & Laursen, 2004). A key implication of this interdependence is that multiple persons of varied ages may become a part of such dyadic units and, as such, contribute to the interpersonal processes of attaining social competence. Empirically, burgeoning research findings in the past decade have shown that close relationships
Categorial Conflict between Phrasal-Prepositional Verbs and Infinitives: The Great Complement Shift

The development of grammatical forms and synchronic effects has captured a considerable interest of researchers across the globe. The research of this phenomenon is done to understand how certain linguistic forms arise and interact with other forms. Literature also discloses that a number of studies has addressed grammaticalisation of prepositions, which has somehow resulted in categorial conflict. However, there is dearth of literature that deals with /to/ to distinguish between phrasal-prepositional verbs and infinitives as a way of resolving the conflict. Again, some of the L2 students confuse complementation of /to/ in the phrasal-prepositional verb look forward to with that of the infinitives. They fail to draw a line of demarcation between the two constructions. Therefore, this qualitative study seeks to explore the status of /to/ in the phrasal-prepositional verb and infinitive clauses. It also identifies the category label of /to/ and describes its complementation. The study purposively and conveniently extracted data from Scott’s (2022) compilation of both application and cover letters. Following the Minimalist Program, the study reveals that /to/ in both the phrasal-prepositional verb and infinitives have gone through the process of grammaticalisation. It is noted that in the phrasal-prepositional verb, /to/ is still a preposition while in the infinitive clauses, it has gone through the great complementation shift known as decategorisation and extension, hence variation in category labelling. The study also presents that the structures of the phrasal-prepositional verb and the infinitive clauses vary based on the theory and concepts adopted. As a result, it is concluded that due to grammaticalisation of /to/ in both phrasal-prepositional verb and infinitive, their complementation differs.
Ghost imaging in the random paraxial regime

In this paper we analyze a wave-based imaging modality called ghost imaging that can produce an image of an object illuminated by a partially coherent source. The image of the object is obtained by correlating the intensities measured by two detectors, one that does not view the object and another one that does view the object. More exactly, a high-resolution detector measures the intensity of a wave field emitted by a partially coherent source which has not interacted with the object to be imaged. A bucket (or single-pixel) detector collects the total (spatially-integrated) intensity of the wave field emitted by the same source that has interacted with the object. The correlation of the intensity measured at the high-resolution detector with the intensity measured by the bucket detector gives an image of the object. In this paper we analyze this imaging modality when the medium through which the waves propagate is random. We discuss the relation with time reversal focusing and with correlation-based imaging using ambient noise sources. We clarify the role of the partial coherence of the source and we study how scattering affects the resolution properties of the ghost imaging function in the paraxial regime: the image resolution is all the better as the source is less coherent, and all the worse as the medium is more scattering.
Factors Influencing Charitable Giving in Malaysia: An Islamic Perspective

Purpose ― This study aims to discover how Islam, as a religion, influences its believers to contribute in the form of gifts, donations or charity, generally referred to as tabarruʿ. Design/Methodology/Approach ― Structural equation modelling analysis was used to investigate the online questionnaire responses from 402 Muslims who have contributed to charity. Findings ― The study finds that only targhīb (reward) and tarhīb (threat) have a significant positive relationship with tabarruʿ, while iḥsān (excellence) and ukhūwah (brotherhood)―despite showing positive influence―are not significant. It also highlights that the influences of targhīb and tarhīb are more robust when the respondent has a higher level of education. Originality/Value ― To the best of the authors’ knowledge, only a few studies on the influence of religion on charitable behaviour have been carried out. So far, no study has looked at the determining variables from the standpoint of Islam. Research Limitations/Implications ― Due to constraints of time and research funding, the sample population was not drawn from all states in Malaysia. The sample was restricted to Malaysians in Sabah, Malaysia. Practical Implications ― This study highlights that non-profit organisations in Malaysia, especially those from an Islamic background, should be able to organise their fundraising strategies with an emphasis on the factors of targhīb and tarhīb.
RESEARCH ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF HISTORIC PATTERNS OF OLD SUMMER RESORTS USING SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY OF KULIANG IN FUZHOU, CHINA

Abstract. Since modern times, Western immigrants have constructed summer resorts in subtropical regions of Asia, resulting in a unique historical occurrence. These summer resorts have loose and flexible distributions that reflect the specific needs and aesthetic preferences of the developers. In the Kuliang summer resort in Fuzhou, China, the seemingly random distribution of buildings and historical landscapes actually conceals complex social relationships between the hosts and managers. This paper discovered that the expansion of housing distribution in Kuliang is closely related to the social network of residents. The research employed various technological methods such as social network analysis and geographic information systems to compute and process complex social relationships and big data. Their analysis has led to three conclusions: (1) The seemingly randomized distribution of buildings and historical landscapes in Kuliang is a result of social relationship development. (2) The formation of Kuliang's summer resort is correlated with the selection of "central members" in the community and has distinct temporal characteristics. (3) Information technology has great potential for the analysis of the formation process of cultural landscapes. These research findings provide important reference for the protection of cultural heritage and understanding the role of social relationships in shaping cultural landscapes.
Mixed Reduced-Order Filtering for Discrete-Time Markov Jump Linear Systems With Partial Information on the Jump Parameter

This article deals with the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and mixed <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{2} / H_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> reduced-order filters for discrete-time Markov jump linear systems, within the context of partial observation of the jump parameter. It is considered that the Markov chain parameter, denoted by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\theta (k)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, is not observable but, instead, only an estimation, represented by <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\hat \theta (k)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, is available for the filter design. Sufficient synthesis conditions for the filter design, based on linear matrix inequalities, are provided. These conditions for the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H_{\infty }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> filters are not conservative in the sense that, for the full-order case and perfect information of the Markov parameter, they become also necessary. Simplified conditions are derived for the Bernoulli case. This article is concluded with an illustrative example in the context of networked control systems, in which we study the effects of reducing the order of the filter on the estimation performance.
Interferometric Fiber Optic Gyroscope: Principle of Operation and Basic Parameters Determination

In applications where a gyro drift between 0.001 deg/h and 1deg/h is required, IFOG successfully displaced the ring laser gyroscopes (RLG). These applications are in strapdown inertial system navigation for stabilization applications, tactical missiles, land vehicles, aircraft AHRS and inertial navigation systems (INS), strategic missiles, etc. [5]. In comparison with MEMS gyroscopes, they are more precise, while they are lighter and smaller than RLG, have longer life and are more rugged. The IFOG is an interferometric fiber optic gyroscope. The function of this gyro is based on the “Sagnac” effect [1]. The Sagnac’s fringe shift is present in the rotating ring interferometer, Fig.1 when two light beams circulate in opposite directions The light source S is a light emitter of two waves traveling in opposite directions around a path of radius R. The light source and the detector D are rotating with angular velocity Ω, so that a light beam traveling in the rotating direction travels a longer distance L for longer time t while the opposite light beam travels a shorter distance L for shorter time t. Then
Classifying RNA Strands with A Novel Graph Representation Based on the Sequence Free Energy

ABSTRACT Ribonucleic acids (RNA) are macromolecules in all living cell, and they are mediators between DNA and protein. Structurally, RNAs are more similar to the DNA. In this paper, we introduce a compact graph representation utilizing the Minimum Free Energy (MFE) of RNA molecules' secondary structure. This representation represents structural components of secondary RNAs as edges of the graphs, and MFE of these components represents their edge weights. The labeling process is used to determine these weights by considering both the MFE of the 2D RNA structures, and the specific settings in the RNA structures. This encoding is used to make the representation more compact by giving a unique graph representation for the secondary structural elements in the graph. Armed with the representation, we apply graph-based algorithms to categorize RNA molecules. We also present the result of the cutting-edge graph-based methods (All Paths Cycle Embeddings (APC), Shortest Paths Kernel/Embedding (SP), and Weisfeiler - Lehman and Optimal Assignment Kernel (WLOA)) on our dataset [1] using this new graph representation. Finally, we compare the results of the graph-based algorithms to a standard bioinformatics algorithm (Needleman-Wunsch) used for DNA and RNA comparison.