Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Binary system and jet precession and expansion in G35.20-0.74N

Context. ALMA observations of the high-mass star-forming region G35.20-0.74N have revealed the presence of a Keplerian disk in core B rotating about a massive object of 18 Msun, as computed from the velocity field. The luminosity of such a massive star would be comparable to (or higher than) the luminosity of the whole star-forming region. To solve this problem it has been proposed that core B could harbor a binary system. This could also explain the possible precession of the radio jet associated with this core, which has been suggested by its S-shaped morphology. Aims. To establish the origin of the free-free emission from core B and investigate the existence of a binary system at the center of this massive core and the possible precession of the radio jet. Methods. We carried out VLA continuum observations of G35.20-0.74N at 2 cm in the B configuration and at 1.3 cm and 7 mm in the A and B configurations. The bandwidth at 7 mm covers the CH3OH maser line at 44.069 GHz. Continuum images at 6 and 3.6 cm in the A configuration were obtained from the VLA archive. We also carried out VERA observations of the H2O maser line at 22.235 GHz. Results. The observations have revealed the presence of a binary system of UC/HC HII regions at the geometrical center of the radio jet in G35.20-0.74N. This binary system, which is associated with a Keplerian rotating disk, consists of two B-type stars of 11 and 6 Msun. The S-shaped morphology of the radio jet has been successfully explained as due to precession produced by the binary system. The analysis of the precession of the radio jet has allowed us to better interpret the IR emission in the region, which would be not tracing a wide-angle cavity open by a single outflow with a position angle of ~55 deg but two different flows: a precessing one in the NE-SW direction associated with the radio jet, and a second one in an almost E--W direction .
Commentary and Criticism

In this issue, we complete the two part series on representations of sex workers. While the previous issue explored the representations of sex workers in the news media, this issue includes articles examining representations of sex workers in documentaries and television programmes. As one of our contributors, Karen Boyle (2008) previously noted, there has been an explosion of sexually explicit imagery in popular culture since the 1990s. Former Commentary and Criticism editor Jane Arthurs (2004) has also written extensively on the rise of what she labels “docuporn”—documentaries which trace or follow the lives of sex workers—which mainly emphasises the sexual aspects through graphic imagery. The problems with this genre, according to Arthurs, is that it presents women’s entry into prostitution through a liberal lens—one that privileges a narrative of empowerment for and choice by these women to sell their bodies over the men’s purchase of sex from women (Arthurs 2004, p. 44). As Arthurs states, these docuporns seem to say when people choose to sell sex, “why does it matter who buys porn? ” (2004, p. 44). This form of superficial empowerment vis-à-vis a liberal voyeur seems to be a common characteristic of representations of sex workers, according to some of our contributors, while others argue that there are instances of real empowerment and success by those who choose to make a living by selling their bodies. Our first article is by Ambar Basu and Mohan J. Dutta, writing about the 2004 documentary, Born into Brothels: Calcutta’s Red Light Kids, where filmmakers gave the children of sex workers cameras to document their lives. Despite winning several awards, Basu and Dutta argue that the film presents sex workers and their children through a postcolonial, White, Eurocentric lens, presenting sex workers through a voyeuristic gaze which urges the audience to “eroticise, unravel, civilise and colonise. ” In addition to this Eurocentric lens, the authors go on to document how the children of sex workers are presented as living hopeless lives, being raised by incompetent mothers, and are in desperate need of the altruistic help of the filmmakers or other White saviours. Our second contributor, Jennifer Dunn, writes about the reality television series Cathouse, which documents the life of sex workers at the Moonlite Bunny Ranch in Nevada, USA. She contends that the programme presents sex workers as women who have “chosen their work, are comfortable with their sexuality, provide a service for their customers, and
Explorative study to provide decision support for software release decisions

The paper presents a reliability driven decision support approach to study the effects of defect repository patterns on software release decisions as the systems evolve with continuously changing requirements. The proposed approach called 6C evaluates the suitability of existing reliability models in guiding release decisions and provides different solution alternatives with respect to some project specific parameters for making such decisions. The case study conducted with the approach reveals the impact of project and domain specific uncertainty factors such as risk, testing effort and target reliability on time to market decisions for the software release when the underlying assumptions made by existing reliability models are violated.
High-throughput characterization of protein–RNA interactions

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are important regulators of eukaryotic gene expression. Genomes typically encode dozens to hundreds of proteins containing RNA-binding domains, which collectively recognize diverse RNA sequences and structures. Recent advances in high-throughput methods for assaying the targets of RBPs in vitro and in vivo allow large-scale derivation of RNA-binding motifs as well as determination of RNA–protein interactions in living cells. In parallel, many computational methods have been developed to analyze and interpret these data. The interplay between RNA secondary structure and RBP binding has also been a growing theme. Integrating RNA–protein interaction data with observations of post-transcriptional regulation will enhance our understanding of the roles of these important proteins.
Enhanced Transmission and High-Directivity Radiation Based on Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line Structure

In this letter, an enhanced transmission structure with high-directivity radiation through a single slit in a 1.5-mm-thick Teflon circuit board material surrounded by arrays of parallel metallic patches and via-holes is reported. The proposed structure is based on the composite right/left-handed transmission-line microstrip technology. The radiation principle is analyzed by employing transmission-line dispersion relation. High-directivity radiation is observed at the frequency where enhanced transmission occurs. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical prediction.
Automated theorem proving for special functions: the next phase

Automated theorem proving, in a nutshell, is the combination of symbolic logic with syntactic algorithms. A formal proof calculus is chosen with two criteria in mind: expressiveness and ease of automation. These desiderata pull in opposite directions: Boolean logic and linear arithmetic are decidable, so the answers to all questions can simply be calculated, but these theories are not very expressive. At the other extreme, a dependent type theory such as the calculus of constructions used in Coq [6] is highly expressive and flexible, but complicates automation; even basic rewriting is difficult. Higher-order logic is often seen as a suitable compromise, expressive enough to reason directly about sets and functions, while still admitting substantial automation (especially in the case of Isabelle [18]).
Conservation and diversity of Campylobacter pyloridis major antigens

Infection with Campylobacter pyloridis has been strongly associated with gastritis in humans although its etiologic significance is currently undefined. We examined the structure and antigenicity of whole-cell, outer-membrane, acid-extractable surface protein, and proteinase K-treated whole cell lysate preparations from eight C. pyloridis strains by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting with homologous and heterologous immune rabbit serum. Whole-cell and outer-membrane profiles observed in all strains of C. pyloridis were nearly identical; none were similar to those of C. jejuni and C. fetus. Major whole-cell bands migrated at 26,000, 29,000, 56,000, and 62,000 molecular weights. The acid-extracted protein profiles of all C. pyloridis strains also were similar to one another and showed similarities with acid-extracted proteins from C. jejuni, with major bands migrating at 29,000, 48,000 to 53,000, and 62,000. All proteinase K-treated lysates showed different lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profiles, ranging from rough to smooth with multiple repeating side chains. Immunoblots of whole-cell and proteinase K-treated preparations of the C. pyloridis strains showed that there was antigenic cross-reactivity of proteins migrating at 62,000 and 56,000, but not in other regions, and cross-reactivity between LPS core regions but not side chains. These results suggest that C. pyloridis has both protein and core LPS group antigens and strain-specific protein and LPS side chain antigens.
Priv'IT: Private and Sample Efficient Identity Testing

We develop differentially private hypothesis testing methods for the small sample regime. Given a sample $\cal D$ from a categorical distribution $p$ over some domain $\Sigma$, an explicitly described distribution $q$ over $\Sigma$, some privacy parameter $\varepsilon$, accuracy parameter $\alpha$, and requirements $\beta_{\rm I}$ and $\beta_{\rm II}$ for the type I and type II errors of our test, the goal is to distinguish between $p=q$ and $d_{\rm{TV}}(p,q) \geq \alpha$. We provide theoretical bounds for the sample size $|{\cal D}|$ so that our method both satisfies $(\varepsilon,0)$-differential privacy, and guarantees $\beta_{\rm I}$ and $\beta_{\rm II}$ type I and type II errors. We show that differential privacy may come for free in some regimes of parameters, and we always beat the sample complexity resulting from running the $\chi^2$-test with noisy counts, or standard approaches such as repetition for endowing non-private $\chi^2$-style statistics with differential privacy guarantees. We experimentally compare the sample complexity of our method to that of recently proposed methods for private hypothesis testing.
Sparse beamforming for limited-backhaul network MIMO system via reweighted power minimization

This paper considers a downlink multicell cooperation model in which the base-stations (BSs) are connected to a central processor (CP) via rate-limited backhaul links. A user-centric clustering model is adopted where each scheduled user is cooperatively served by a cluster of BSs, and the serving BSs for different users may overlap. This paper formulates an optimal joint clustering and beamforming design problem in which each user dynamically forms a sparse network-wide beamforming vector whose non-zero entries correspond to the serving BSs. Specifically, we assume a fixed signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) constraint for each user, and investigate the optimal tradeoff between the sum transmit power and the sum backhaul capacity needed to form the cooperating clusters. Intuitively, larger cooperation size leads to lower transmit power, because interference can be mitigated through cooperation, but it also leads to higher sum backhaul, because user data needs to be made available to more BSs. Motivated by the compressive sensing literature, this paper formulates the sparse beamforming problem as an ℓ0-norm optimization problem, then uses the iterative reweighted ℓ1 heuristic to find a solution. A key observation of this paper is that the reweighting can be done on the ℓ2-norm square of the beamformers (i.e., the power) at the BSs. This gives rise to a weighted power minimization problem over the entire network, which can be solved using the uplink-downlink duality technique with low computational complexity. This paper further proposes judicious choice of the weights, and shows that the new algorithm can provide a better tradeoff between the sum power and the sum backhaul capacity in the high SINR regime than previous algorithms.
Stimulation of clonal growth of normal fibroblasts with substrata coated with basic polymers

Improved media have reduced the amount of serum protein required for clonal growth of normal human and chicken fibroblast-like cells. In the presence of limiting amounts of serum protein, attachment of colonies to tissue culture plastic surfaces is weak. Treatment of the culture surface with polylysine or other basic polymers causes the cells to adhere much more tightly. Growth is also improved on the surfaces treated with basic polymers, and further reductions in the concentration of serum as possible. At sufficiently low protein concentrations, growth of some types of cells is totally dependent on the use of a treated surface. Several different types of normal human and chicken fibroblast-like cells show improved growth on polylysine- coated surfaces, but no improvement was obtained in growth of a line of SV-40 transformed WI-38 cells. Acidic and neutral polymers are generally inactive. Collagen and gelatin improve growth slightly, but the effect is much less than that obtained with basic polymers. Both natural and synthetic polymers with an excess of basic groups are active, including histone, polyarginine, polyhistidine, polylysine, polyornithine, and protamine. The only critical requirement appears to be a polymer that carries a positive charge at a physiological pH.
CMOS low-noise amplifier linearization through body biasing

A new linearization technique for CMOS low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) based on body biasing is presented. Analysis and measurement results show that the third order intercept point (IIP3) can be optimized using a proper body bias. The LNA, intended for wireless sensor network applications in the 2.4GHz ISM Band, is implemented in a 0. 13μm CMOS technology. It achieves a nominal gain of 12.6dB, 4.2dB of noise figure (NF), and −4dBm of IIP3 while drawing 3.4mA from a 1V supply. An 11dBm peak in IIP3 occurs when adjusting the bulk to source voltage to −0.55 V, wherein the gain and NF reach 9dB and 6.2dB respectively, for a 2mW overall power consumption.
Exploiting Restricted Transitions in Quasi-Birth-and-Death Processes

In this paper we consider Quasi-Birth-and-Death (QBD) processes where the upward (resp. downward) transitions are restricted to occur only from (resp. to) a subset of the phase space. This property is exploited to reduce the computation time to find the matrix R or G of the process. The reduction is done through the definition of a censored process which can be of the M/G/1- or GI/M/1-type. The approach is illustrated through examples that show the applicability and benefits of making use of the additional structure. The examples also show how these special structures arise naturally in the analysis of queuing systems. Even more substantial gains can be realized when we further restrict the class of QBD processes under consideration.
Distribution and Diversity of Sulfur-OxidizingThiomicrospira spp. at a Shallow-Water Hydrothermal Vent in the Aegean Sea (Milos, Greece)

ABSTRACT A shallow-water hydrothermal vent system in the Aegean Sea close to the island of Milos (Greece) was chosen to study the diversity and distribution of the chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteriumThiomicrospira. Cell numbers in samples from different regions around a solitary vent decreased toward the center of the vent (horizontal distribution), as well as with depth (vertical distribution), corresponding to an increase in temperature (from ca. 25 to 60°C) and a decrease in pH (from ca. pH 7 to 5). Thiomicrospira was one of the most abundant culturable sulfur oxidizers and was even dominant in one region. Phylogenetic analysis of Thiomicrospira spp. present in the highest most-probable-number (MPN) dilutions revealed that most of the obtained sequences grouped in two new closely related clusters within theThiomicrospira branch. Two different new isolates, i.e., Milos-T1 and Milos-T2, were obtained from high-dilution (10−5) enrichments. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that isolate Milos-T1 is related to the recently describedThiomicrospira kuenenii and Hydrogenovibrio marinus, whereas isolate Milos-T2 grouped with the MPN sequences of cluster 2. The predominance of strain Milos-T2 was indicated by its identification in several environmental samples by hybridization analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) patterns and by sequencing of one of the corresponding bands, i.e., ML-1, from the DGGE gel. The results shown in this paper support earlier indications that Thiomicrospira species are important members of hydrothermal vent communities.
Complications of Sural Nerve Biopsy in Diabetic versus Non-Diabetic Patients

ABSTRACT: We compare complications from 66 sural nerve biopsies in 41 patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy to 40 patients with neuropathy from other causes, using a retrospective telephone survey. Diabetic patients were followed for a mean of 6.8 years and non-diabetics for 5.6 years. Mild long-term pain was described by 18.9% of patients overall with no difference between groups. Mild persistent sensory symptoms, insufficient to interfere with daily activity or warrant medical therapy, were reported by 63.6% of diabetic and 27.5% of non-diabetic patients (p < 0.006). Wound infection and severe pain were uncommon in both groups and no different in diabetics. Significant complications of sural nerve biopsy occurred no more frequently in diabetic than in non-diabetic patients. While sural nerve biopsy plays no role in the routine evaluation of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, it may be performed without increased risk when indicated in these patients to exclude other causes of neuropathy and in the context of research trials.
Perceptual abnormalities in amputees : phantom pain, mirror-touch synaesthesia and referred tactile sensations

It is often reported that after amputation people experience "a constant or inconstant. sensory ghost. faintly felt at time, but ready to be called up to [their] perception" (Mitchell, 1866). Perceptual abnormalities have been highlighted in amputees, such as sensations in the phantom when being stroked elsewhere (Ramachandran et al., 1992) or when observing someone in pain (Giummarra and Bradshaw, 2008). This thesis explored the perceptual changes that occur following amputation whist focusing on pain, vision and touch. A sample of over 100 amputees were recruited through the National Health Service. Despite finding no difference in phantom pain based on physical amputation details or nonpainful perceptual phenomena, results from Paper 1 indicated that phantom pain may be more intense, with sensations occurring more frequently, in amputees whose pain was triggerinduced. The survey in Paper 2 identified a group of amputees who in losing a limb acquired mirror-touch synaesthesia. Higher levels of empathy found in mirror-touch amputees might mean that some people are predisposed to develop synaesthesia, but that it takes sensory loss to bring dormant cross-sensory interactions into consciousness. Although the mirror-system may reach supra-threshold levels in some amputees, the experiments in Paper 3 suggested a relatively intact mirror-system in amputees overall. Specifically, in a task of apparent biological motion, amputees showed a similar, although weaker, pattern of results to normalbodied participants. The results of Paper 4 showed that tactile spatial acuity on the face was also largely not affected by amputation, as no difference was found between the sides ipsilateral and contralateral to the stump. In Paper 5 cross-modal cuing was used to investigate whether referred tactile sensations could prime a visually presented target in space occupied by the phantom limb. We conclude that perception is only moderately affected in most amputees, but that in some the sensory loss causes normally sub-threshold processing to enhance into conscious awareness.
DIFFUSE MOLECULAR CLOUD DENSITIES FROM UV MEASUREMENTS OF CO ABSORPTION

We use UV measurements of interstellar CO toward nearby stars to calculate the density in the diffuse molecular clouds containing the molecules responsible for the observed absorption. Chemical models and recent calculations of the excitation rate coefficients indicate that the regions in which CO is found have hydrogen predominantly in molecular form and that collisional excitation is by collisions with H2 molecules. We carry out statistical equilibrium calculations using CO–H2 collision rates to solve for the H2 density in the observed sources without including effects of radiative trapping. We have assumed kinetic temperatures of 50 K and 100 K, finding this choice to make relatively little difference to the lowest transition. For the sources having only for which we could determine upper and lower density limits, we find 〈n(H2)〉 = 49 cm−3. While we can find a consistent density range for a good fraction of the sources having either two or three values of the excitation temperature, there is a suggestion that the higher-J transitions are sampling clouds or regions within diffuse molecular cloud material that have higher densities than the material sampled by the J = 1–0 transition. The assumed kinetic temperature and derived H2 density are anticorrelated when the J = 2–1 transition data, the J = 3–2 transition data, or both are included. For sources with either two or three values of the excitation temperature, we find average values of the midpoint of the density range that is consistent with all of the observations equal to 68 cm−3 for Tk = 100 K and 92 cm−3 for Tk = 50 K. The data for this set of sources imply that diffuse molecular clouds are characterized by an average thermal pressure between 4600 and 6800 K cm−3.
Radiation Dose to Patients From Cardiac Diagnostic Imaging

The volume of cardiac diagnostic procedures involving the use of ionizing radiation has increased rapidly in recent years. Whereas in 1990, fewer than 3 million nuclear cardiology studies were performed in the United States, by 2002 this figure more than tripled to 9.9 million.1 Cardiac computed tomographic (CT) volume doubled between 2002 and 2003, to 485 000 cases,2 and has continued to grow since then. The volume of procedures performed in cardiac catheterization labs increased from 2.45 million in 1993 to 3.85 million in 2002.3 The powerful diagnostic and risk-stratification data provided by these procedures play a central role in clinical cardiology and have contributed to the decrease in morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease. Nevertheless, performance of any diagnostic test requires a careful assessment of the risks and benefits of the test and optimization of protocols to minimize risks to patients, staff members, and the public. Procedures that utilize ionizing radiation should be performed in accordance with the As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) philosophy. Thus, physicians ordering and performing cardiac imaging should be very familiar with the dosage of radiation from cardiac diagnostic tests and ways in which dose can be minimized. In this report we discuss the measurement of radiation and the dosimetry of commonly performed cardiac diagnostic imaging tests, including nuclear scintigraphy, CT for calcium scoring and coronary angiography (CTCA), and conventional coronary angiography (CCA). For each modality, we address the terminology and methodology used to quantify radiation received by patients, doses to patients with typical protocols, and dose-reduction techniques. Biological effects of ionizing radiation can be classified as deterministic or stochastic. Deterministic effects such as skin injuries and cataract formation occur predictably when dose exceeds a certain threshold, whereas stochastic effects such as cancer incidence and germ cell mutations occur with …