Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simulation and Optimization of FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells with a BaTiO3 Layer for Efficiency Enhancement

Since the addition of BaTiO3 in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) provides a more energetically favorable transport route for electrons, resulting in more efficient charge separation and electron extraction, in this work we experimentally prepared such a PSC and used a modeling approach to point out which simulation parameters have an influence on PSC characteristics and how they can be improved. We added a layer of BaTiO3 onto the TiO2 electron transport layer and prepared a PSC, which had an FTO/TiO2/BaTiO3/FAPbI3/spiro-OMeTAD/Au architecture with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11%. Further, we used the simulation program SCAPS-1D to investigate and optimize the device parameters (thickness of the BaTiO3 and absorber layers, doping, and defect concentration) resulting in devices with PCEs reaching up to 15%, and even up to 20% if we assume an ideal structure with no interlayer defects. Our experimental findings and simulations in this paper highlight the promising interplay of multilayer TiO2/BaTiO3 ETLs for potential future applications in PSCs.
Effect of evaporative cooling on peel browning and quality of litchi (Litchi chinensis)

The present study was carried out during 2016-18 at Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana to examine the effect of evaporative cooling (EC) on peel browning and postharvest quality of litchi fruit during cold storage. The litchi fruits cv. Dehradun were harvested at the physiological maturity and subjected to EC treatments for 2 h, 4 h and 6 h. The fruits without EC were kept as a control. Thereafter, fruits were packed in corrugated fiberboard boxes and stored in a walk-in-cold room maintained at 2-3°C temperature and 90-95% relative humidity. The fruit samples were analyzed at weekly interval till four weeks for various physiological attributes, biochemical traits and enzymatic activities. The application of evaporative cooling for 6 h maintained lower physiological weight loss (6.38%), retained higher firmness (106.1g force),TSS (16.96°B), acidity (0.26%), anthocyanins (0.19 ΔA/g FW) and total phenols (218.43 mg/100g) during storage. The browning index of fruits was observed to be 3 (1/4-1/2 surface area brown up to 14 days of storage) with 4 and 6 h exposure to EC. The fruits subjected to EC for 6 h also maintained the lower activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activity as compared to control. The study exhibited the expediency of EC treatment (6 h) to maintain the acceptable peel colour and prolong the storage life of fruits for 14 days as compared to 7 days in case of control.
On the interpretation of sub-giant branch morphologies of intermediate-age star clusters with extended main sequence turnoffs

Recent high-quality photometry of many star clusters in the Magellanic Clouds with ages of 1 ‐ 2 Gyr revealed main sequence turnoffs (MSTOs) that are significantly wider than can be accounted for by a simple stellar population (SSP). Such extended MSTOs (eMSTOs) are often interpreted in terms of an age spread of several 10 8 yr, challenging the traditional view of star clusters as being formed in a single star formation ep isode. Li et al. and Bastian & Niederhofer recently investigated the sub-giant branches (SGBs) of NGC 1651, NGC 1806, and NGC 1846, three star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) that exhibit an eMSTO. They argued that the SGB of these star clusters can be explained only by a SSP. We study these and two other similar star clusters in the LMC, using extensive simulations of SSPs including unresolved binaries. We find that the shape s of the cross-SGB profiles of all star clusters in our sample are in fact consistent with th eir cross-MSTO profiles when the latter are interpreted as age distributions. Conversel y, SGB morphologies of star clusters with eMSTOs are found to be inconsistent with those of simulated SSPs. Finally, we create PARSEC isochrones from tracks featuring a grid of convective overshoot levels and a very fine grid of stellar masses. A comparison of the observed phot ometry with these isochrones shows that the morphology of the red clump (RC) of such star clusters is also consistent with that implied by their MSTO in the age spread scenario. We conclude that the SGB and RC morphologies of star clusters featuring eMSTOs are consistent with the scenario in which the eMSTOs are caused by a distribution of stellar ages.
The Effectiveness of Insulin Pump Therapy Versus Multiple Daily Injections in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in a Specialized Center in Riyadh

Objectives: Comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) with multiple daily injections (MDI) in achieving glycemic control in youths with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: Retrospective cohort study including 2 matched groups of youths with T1DM treated by CSII or MDI in a tertiary specialized children’s hospital in Saudi Arabia. Children and adolescents aged up to 18 years, diagnosed with T1DM and using CSII or MDI, from the period 2016 to 2018. Patients on MDI were newly-diagnosed patients with T1DM who had the disease for only 1 year duration; all CSII patients had at least 1 to 2 years of T1DM but who had just started on pumps in the past 3 months. We excluded patients with other autoimmune diseases, non-ambulatory patients and those admitted to hospital for non-diabetes reasons. Primary outcome was HbA1c at 1, 2, and 3 years, with weight gain as a secondary outcome. Ambulatory glycemic profile was analyzed from a subset of patients using intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM). Results: A total of 168 youths with T1DM (n = 129 in the MDI group, n = 39 in the CSII group) were included. The CSII group consistently had lower HbA1c levels compared to the MDI group throughout a 3-year follow up period: 8.1% versus 10.1, P-value < . 001 at 1 year, 7.5% versus 10.1% at 2 years, P-value < . 001, 8.9% versus 10.3% at 3 years, P-value = . 033. Body mass index significantly increased in both groups at 1 year, although greater in CSII group. In a subgroup using isCGM (n = 37 on MDI and n = 29 on CSII), the CSII group had a lower average blood glucose (194 mg/dL vs 228 mg/dL, P-value = .028) and a lower estimated HbA1c level (8.4% vs 9.6%, P-value = .022). Conclusion: Treatment with CSII resulted in lower HbA1c compared to MDI in our cohort, which was sustained over a 3-year period.
ARIMA MODEL FOR FORECASTING THE BITCOIN EXCHANGE RATE AGAINST THE USD

This study analysis forecasting the bitcoin exchange rate against the USD. The dataset selected for this study starts from January 2015 to June 2022. This study's methodology uses autoregressive integrated moving average forecasting (ARIMA). The overall outcomes of this study were gathered from the statistical software Minitab 21.1. The Box Jenkins approaches are also used to predict the best model. To determine the ARIMA model parameter, this study did autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) analyses. According to the Box-Cox transformation method, log transformation was selected. The outcome demonstrates that the seasonal with the regular difference in the Bitcoin exchange rate against the USD is a stationary data series. The forecasting model used in this study is ARIMA (1,1,0) (2,1,1)12. This predicted model is identified through the Mean squared error by comparing the other guessing ARIMA models. After the prediction, 5 Month bitcoin exchange rate against the USD. Investors will be able to estimate the bitcoin exchange rate against the USD with the use of this information, but volatility must also be properly watched. This will aid investors in making better investment decisions and increase profits. In future studies, better consider another exchange rate of BTC and software experts will develop such type of software based on ARIMA models for prediction.
Antimicrobial and Photoantimicrobial Activities of Chitosan/CNPPV Nanocomposites

Multidrug-resistant bacteria represent a global health and economic burden that urgently calls for new technologies to combat bacterial antimicrobial resistance. Here, we developed novel nanocomposites (NCPs) based on chitosan that display different degrees of acetylation (DAs), and conjugated polymer cyano-substituted poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (CNPPV) as an alternative approach to inactivate Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria. Chitosan’s structure was confirmed through FT-Raman spectroscopy. Bactericidal and photobactericidal activities of NCPs were tested under dark and blue-light irradiation conditions, respectively. Hydrodynamic size and aqueous stability were determined by DLS, zeta potential (ZP) and time-domain NMR. TEM micrographs of NCPs were obtained, and their capacity of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) under blue illumination was also characterized. Meaningful variations on ZP and relaxation time T2 confirmed successful physical attachment of chitosan/CNPPV. All NCPs exhibited a similar and shrunken spherical shape according to TEM. A lower DA is responsible for driving higher bactericidal performance alongside the synergistic effect from CNPPV, lower nanosized distribution profile and higher positive charged surface. ROS production was proportionally found in NCPs with and without CNPPV by decreasing the DA, leading to a remarkable photobactericidal effect under blue-light irradiation. Overall, our findings indicate that chitosan/CNPPV NCPs may constitute a valuable asset for the development of innovative strategies for inactivation and/or photoinactivation of bacteria.
Schaum's Outline of Calculus

Linear Coordinate Systems. Absolute Value. Inequalities. Rectangular Coordinate Systems. Lines. Circles. Equations and Their Graphs. Functions. Limits. Continuity. The Derivative. Rules for Differentiating Functions. Implicit Differentiation. Tangent and Normal Lines. Law of the Mean. Increasing and Decreasing Functions. Maximum and Minimum Values. Curve Sketching. Concavity. Symmetry. Review of Trigonometry. Differentiation of Trigonometric Functions. Inverse Trigonometric Functions. Rectilinear and Circular Motion. Related Rates. Differentials. Newton's Method. Antiderivatives. The Definite Integral. Area Under a Curve.The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus. The Natural Logarithm. Exponential and Logarithmic Functions. L'Hopital's Rule. Exponential Growth and Decay. Applications of Integration I: Area and Arc Length. Applications of Integration II: Volume. Techniques of Integration I: Integration by Parts. Techniques of Integration II: Trigonometric Integrands and Trigonometric Substitutions. Techniques of Integration III: Integration by Partial Fractions. Miscellaneous Substitutions. Improper Integrals. Applications of Integration II: Area of A Surface of Revolution. Parametric Representation of Curves.Curvature. Plane Vectors. Curvilinear Motion. Polar Coordinates.Infinite Sequences. Infinite Series. Series with Positive Terms. The Integral Test. Comparison Tests.Alternating Series. Absolute and Conditional Convergence. The Ratio Test. Power Series. Taylor and Maclaurin Series. Taylor's Formual with Remainder. Partial Derivatives.Total Differential. Differentiability. Chain Rules. Space Vectors.Surface and Curves in Space. Directional Derivatives. Maximum and Minimum Values. Vector Differentiation and Integration. Double and Iterated Integrals. Centroids and Moments of Inertia of Plane Areas.Double Integration Applied to Volume Under a Surface and the Area of A Curved Surface. Triple Integrals. Masses of Variable Density.Differential Equations of First and Second Order.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence and Mortality Rate Post Liver Transplantation: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Real-World Evidence

Simple Summary This is a systematic and meta-analysis study that looked at the hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence rate and its risk factors after liver transplantation. The recurrence rate, overall survival rate, and mortality rates in HCC patients post-liver transplantation remain relatively high. Significant regional differences exist in the prevalence of the recurrence, overall survival, and mortality rates. These findings will be of valuable guidance both for clinicians considering patients for an LT, and for providing tailored post-transplant HCC recurrence counselling to different populations with different risk levels. Abstract Background: liver transplantation (LT) is the best curative option for eligible patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), however recurrence remains a major concern. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of HCC recurrence. Methods: studies were selected using PubMed, Epistemonikas, and Google Scholar databases published from inception to 15 May 2022 and a meta-analysis of the proportions was conducted. Observational studies reporting the prevalence of recurrent HCC after an LT were included, with the analysis being stratified by an adherence to the Milan criteria (MC), geographical region, AFP levels, and donor type. Results: out of 4081 articles, 125 were included in the study. The prevalence of recurrent HCC was 17% (CI: 15–19). Patients beyond the MC were more likely to recur than patients within the MC. Asian populations had the greatest prevalence of HCC recurrence (21%; CI: 18–24), whereas North American populations had the lowest recurrence (10%; CI: 7–12). The mortality rate after HCC recurrence was 9%; CI: 8–11. North American populations had the greatest prevalence of mortality with 11% (CI: 5–17). Conclusions: the recurrence, overall survival, and mortality rates among patients with HCC post-LT remains high, with substantial differences between regions.
FORMULAS FOR BLOCKING PROBABILITY 1

The assumptions and notation involved in the various formulas for blocking probability that we shall present and discuss are illustrated in Figure 1. users are modelled as having the Q combined average rate of generating calls denoted by , and the arrival times of these first / attempts to place a call are assumed to be independent; these assumptions lead [1, ch. 2, 10] to a Poisson distribution for the number of calls generated in a given time interval, : X
Revisiting Fault Localization Techniques for Model Transformations: Towards A Hybrid Approach

The correctness of software built through model transformations highly depends on the correctness of these transformations. Different approaches have been proposed to ensure the correctness of model transformations by checking if pairs of input-output models satisfy a set of contracts. If a contract is not satisfied, at least one transformation rule must contain a bug. Localizing the rules that contain bugs is key for repairing the model transformation. Among others, Spectrum-Based Fault Localization (SBFL) is a dynamic technique to locate the faulty component of a software, and it has already been applied in the context of model transformations considering the rules as the components. As a result, this technique proposes an order (a so-called suspiciousness ranking) in which the rules should be inspected in order to locate the bug. However, SBFL relies on so-called suspiciousness formulae that were created in different domains, so none of them offers a perfect behavior in the context of model transformations. Indeed, some of the rankings for model transformations present many ties, so the tester is uncertain as of which rule to inspect first in the ties. In this paper, we explore how SBFL can be combined with static information in a hybrid approach in order to improve the results obtained from SBFL, specially in the case of ties in the rankings. Our evaluation shows the potential of the hybrid approach to improve previous SBFL results for model transformations.
Blood–Brain Barrier Transport of Transferrin Receptor-Targeted Nanoparticles

The blood–brain barrier (BBB), built by brain endothelial cells (BECs), is impermeable to biologics. Liposomes and other nanoparticles are good candidates for the delivery of biologics across the BECs, as they can encapsulate numerous molecules of interest in an omnipotent manner. The liposomes need attachment of a targeting molecule, as BECs unfortunately are virtually incapable of uptake of non-targeted liposomes from the circulation. Experiments of independent research groups have qualified antibodies targeting the transferrin receptor as superior for targeted delivery of nanoparticles to BECs. Functionalization of nanoparticles via conjugation with anti-transferrin receptor antibodies leads to nanoparticle uptake by endothelial cells of both brain capillaries and post-capillary venules. Reducing the density of transferrin receptor-targeted antibodies conjugated to liposomes limits uptake in BECs. Opposing the transport of nanoparticles conjugated to high-affine anti-transferrin receptor antibodies, lowering the affinity of the targeting antibodies or implementing monovalent antibodies increase uptake by BECs and allows for further transport across the BBB. The novel demonstration of transport of targeted liposomes in post-capillary venules from blood to the brain is interesting and clearly warrants further mechanistic pursuit. The recent evidence for passing targeted nanoparticles through the BBB shows great promise for future drug delivery of biologics to the brain.
Comparing Complications of Biologic and Synthetic Mesh in Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background In breast reconstruction, synthetic meshes are frequently used to replace acellular dermal matrix (ADM), since ADM is expensive and often leads to complications. However, there is limited evidence that compares the types of substitutes. This study aimed to compare complications between materials via a network meta-analysis. Methods We systematically reviewed studies reporting any type of complication from 2010 to 2021. The primary outcomes were the proportion of infection, seroma, major complications, or contracture. We classified the intervention into four categories: ADM, absorbable mesh, nonabsorbable mesh, and nothing used. We then performed a network meta-analysis between these categories and estimated the odds ratio with random-effect models. Results Of 603 searched studies through the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases, following their review by two independent reviewers, 61 studies were included for full-text reading, of which 17 studies were finally included. There was a low risk of bias in the included studies, but only an indirect comparison between absorbable and non-absorbable mesh was possible. Infection was more frequent in ADM but not in the two synthetic mesh groups, namely the absorbable or nonabsorbable types, compared with the nonmesh group. The proportion of seroma in the synthetic mesh group was lower (odds ratio was 0.2 for the absorbable and 0.1 for the nonabsorbable mesh group) than in the ADM group. Proportions of major complications and contractures did not significantly differ between groups. Conclusion Compared with ADM, synthetic meshes have low infection and seroma rates. However, more studies concerning aesthetic outcomes and direct comparisons are needed.
Synthesis and Characterization of MnO2@Cellulose and Polypyrrole-Decorated MnO2@Cellulose for the Detection of Chemical Warfare Agent Simulant

Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) have been threatening human civilization and its existence because of their rapid response, toxic, and irreversible nature. The hybrid nanostructured composites were synthesized by the hydrothermal process to detect the dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP), a simulant of G-series nerve agents, especially sarin. Cellulose (CE), manganese oxide cellulose (MnO2@CE), and MnO2@CE/polypyrrole (PPy) exhibited a frequency shift of 0.4, 4.8, and 8.9 Hz, respectively, for a DMMP concentration of 25 ppm in the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). In surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor, they exhibited 187 Hz, 276 Hz, and 78 Hz, respectively. A comparison between CE, MnO2@CE, and MnO2@CE/PPy demonstrated that MnO2@CE/PPy possesses excellent linearity with a coefficient of determination (COD or R2) of 0.992 and 0.9547 in the QCM and SAW sensor. The hybrid composite materials showed a reversible adsorption and desorption phenomenon in the reproducibility test. The response and recovery times indicated that MnO2@CE/PPy showed the shortest response (~23 s) and recovery times (~42 s) in the case of the QCM sensor. Hence, the pristine CE and its nanostructured composites were compared to analyze the sensing performance based on sensitivity, selectivity, linearity, reproducibility, and response and recovery times to detect the simulant of nerve agents.
THE DETERMINANTS FOR PURCHASE INTENTION OF HYBRID CARS IN PENANG, MALAYSIA

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the purchase intention of hybrid cars among Penang consumers in Malaysia. The study was grounded by using TPB theory. A self-administered survey was carried out, and a total of 140 completed responses were obtained from consumers in Penang, Malaysia. The adopted sampling method was convenience sampling. Four hypotheses were developed, and data were analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The result derived from the analysis revealed that perceived value and environmentalism have significant positive relationships with the purchase intention of the hybrid car. In contrast, perceived risk has a significant negative relationship with the purchase intention of a hybrid car. Surprisingly, perceived government policy has an insignificant impact on the purchase intention of hybrid cars. Limitations and suggestion for future research are presented in the final section of the article.
The Associations between Pornography Addiction and Moral Judgement among Youth in Malaysia

Pornography addiction has become a widespread problem given the issues of mental health problems and sexually unappealing acts associated with it. The dominant explanation for this problem is how pornography is able to affect one’s moral foundation moderat ed by other factors such as personality, political ideology and also one’s age. However, the limitations in this study impeded this study to have a better and accurate result such as the use of convenience sampling, acquiescence bias, low number of respondents and inability to determine the causality of this study. In this cross-sectional study, we used a convenience sampling method to collect data from respondents that were young adults. Then utilized the hierarchical multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation to find the association between pornography addiction and one’s moral judgement. One -Way ANOVA test and T-test was used to investigate the role of demographic factors i.e. age and gender upon the two dominant variables. These research findings indicate association of pornography addiction upon one’s moral foundation i.e. the Betrayal/Loyalty, Subversion/Authority and Degradation/Sanctity. There were differences of pornography addiction based on age and gender. Additionally, the difference was found on moral judgment of Loyalty/Betrayal between male and female. Implications for future researchers who study pornography to use these results to expand the literature. Eventually, the impact of pornography addiction on people must be underlined so that it will be recognized at the national level.
Inclusive Distribution of Fully Reconstructed Jets in Heavy Ion Collisions at RHIC: Status Report

We present an update to the analysis of fully reconstructed jets in heavy ion collisions by the STAR Collaboration at RHIC. We analyse the response of the anti-$k_{T}$ algorithm in the presence of background, and present a new observable for the measurement of inclusive jet production that is expected to be more robust against background model assumptions than previous jet analyses at RHIC and LHC.