Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Possible Counterparts of IceCube High Energy Neutrinos

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has provided the first map of the high energy (∼ 0.01 – 1 PeV) sky in neutrinos. Since neutrinos propagate undeflected, their arrival direction is an important identifier for sources of high energy particle acceleration. Reconstructed arrival directions are consistent with an extragalactic origin, with possibly a galactic component, of the neutrino flux. We present a statistical analysis of positional coincidences of the IceCube neutrinos with known astrophysical objects from several catalogs. For the brightest gamma-ray emitting blazars and for Seyfert galaxies, the numbers of coincidences is consistent with the random, or “null”, distribution. Instead, when considering starburst galaxies with the highest flux in gamma-rays and infra-red radiation, up to n = 8 coincidences are found, representing an excess over the ∼ 4 predicted for the null distribution. The probability that this excess is realized in the null case, the p-value, is p = 0.042. This value falls to p = 0.003 for a set of gamma-ray detected starburst galaxies and galactic superbubbles. Therefore, it is possible that these might account for a subset of IceCube neutrinos. The physical plausibility of such correlation is discussed briefly.
Associative Rule-Based Text Categorization Method Using Category Similarity

Conventional association rule-based categorization methods have bottleneck in improving classifier's accuracy,since these methods only consider the rule confidence degree and use the pruning technique.A novel method to solve this problem is proposed,and is called associative rule-based classifier aggregating with category similarity(AACS). The method adopts the modified chi-square statistical technique to extract feature terms from each category,and employs the CR-tree to store classification rules.Algorithms to construct and to match CR-tree are proposed.Inner-product is used to calculate the similarity between the category sub vector of the text and the category feature vector,and then is aggregated with the rules' confidence degree to serve as the foundation of text categorization.Experimental results show that the method presented achieves a micro-average value of categorization 92.42% with extracting only 30 feature terms,which is better than the results of AWOPR,KNN,and Bayes classifiers.And the time complexity of the method is the same as that of AWOPR,indicating that the cost to calculate both the similarity and the aggregation is acceptable.
Chitin-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanopaper with Subwavelength Nanoporous Structures for Solar Thermal Heating

Sustainable biomass-derived carbons have attracted research interest because of their ability to effectively absorb and convert solar light to thermal energy, a phenomenon known as solar thermal heating. Although their carbon-based molecular and nanoporous structures should be customized to achieve enhanced solar thermal heating performance, such customization has insufficiently progressed. In this study, we transformed a chitin nanofiber/water dispersion into paper, referred to as chitin nanopaper, with subwavelength nanoporous structures by spatially controlled drying, followed by temperature-controlled carbonization without any pretreatment to customize the carbon-based molecular structures. The optimal carbonization temperature for enhancing the solar absorption and solar thermal heating performance of the chitin nanopaper was determined to be 400 °C. Furthermore, we observed that the nitrogen component, which afforded nitrogen-doped carbon structures, and the high morphological stability of chitin nanofibers against carbonization, which maintained subwavelength nanoporous structures even after carbonization, contributed to the improved solar absorption of the carbonized chitin nanopaper. The carbonized chitin nanopaper exhibited a higher solar thermal heating performance than the carbonized cellulose nanopaper and commercial nanocarbon materials, thus demonstrating significant potential as an excellent solar thermal material.
Canine Intestinal Organoids as a Novel In Vitro Model of Intestinal Drug Permeability: A Proof-of-Concept Study

A key component of efforts to identify the biological and drug-specific aspects contributing to therapeutic failure or unexpected exposure-associated toxicity is the study of drug–intestinal barrier interactions. While methods supporting such assessments are widely described for human therapeutics, relatively little information is available for similar evaluations in support of veterinary pharmaceuticals. There is, therefore, a critical need to develop novel approaches for evaluating drug–gut interactions in veterinary medicine. Three-dimensional (3D) organoids can address these difficulties in a reasonably affordable system that circumvents the need for more invasive in vivo assays in live animals. However, a first step in developing such systems is understanding organoid interactions in a 2D monolayer. Given the importance of orally administered medications for meeting the therapeutic need of companion animals, we demonstrate growth conditions under which canine-colonoid-derived intestinal epithelial cells survive, mature, and differentiate into confluent cell systems with high monolayer integrity. We further examine the applicability of this canine-colonoid-derived 2D model to assess the permeability of three structurally diverse, passively absorbed β-blockers (e.g., propranolol, metoprolol, and atenolol). Both the absorptive and secretive apparent permeability (Papp) of these drugs at two different pH conditions were evaluated in canine-colonoid-derived monolayers and compared with that of Caco-2 cells. This proof-of-concept study provides promising preliminary results with regard to the utility of canine-derived organoid monolayers for species-specific assessments of therapeutic drug passive permeability.
Atangana-Baleanu fractional dynamics of dengue fever with optimal control strategies

Dengue fever, a vector-borne disease, has affected the whole world in general and the Indian subcontinent in particular for the last three decades. Dengue fever has a significant economic and health impact worldwide; it is essential to develop new mathematical models to study not only the dynamics of the disease but also to suggest cost-effective mechanisms to control disease. In this paper, we design modified facts about the dynamics of this disease more realistically by formulating a new basic $ S_hE_hI_hR_h $ host population and $ S_vI_v $ vector population integer order model, later converting it into a fractional-order model with the help of the well-known Atangana-Baleanu derivative. In this design, we introduce two more compartments, such as the treatment compartment $ T_h $, and the protected traveler compartment $ P_h $ in the host population to produce $ S_hE_hI_hT_hR_hP_h $. We present some observational results by investigating the model for the existence of a unique solution as well as by proving the positivity and boundedness of the solution. We compute reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_{0} $ by using a next-generation matrix method to estimate the contagious behavior of the infected humans by the disease. In addition, we prove that disease free and endemic equilibrium points are locally and globally stable with restriction to reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_{0} $. The second goal of this article is to formulate an optimal control problem to study the effect of the control strategy. We implement the Toufik-Atangana scheme for the first time to solve both of the state and adjoint fractional differential equations with the ABC derivative operator. The numerical results show that the fractional order and the different constant treatment rates affect the dynamics of the disease. With an increase in the fractional order and the treatment rate, exposed and infected humans, as well as the infected mosquitoes, decrease. However, the optimal control analysis reveals that the implemented optimal control strategy is very effective for disease control.
Computational investigation of NREL Phase-VI rotor: Validation of test sequence-S measurements

A CFD-based assessment and validation of the NREL Phase-VI Sequence-S rotor at seven wind speeds presented here. The ability of a three-dimensional, unstructured, unsteady RANS solver in successfully predicting the wind flow interactions with a rotating, twisted and tapered rotor is described. The uRANS equations were coupled with SST κ-ω turbulence model and a correlation-based Gamma-Theta transition model. The simulations were performed in ANSYS CFX using both Single Reference Frame (SRF) and Multiple Reference Frame (MRF) modelling approaches. A good agreement with measurements is observed at six of seven wind speeds when comparing the integral quantities, the spanwise and chordwise distributions. The only exception is the 10 m/s wind speed case, attributed to the onset of a massive leading edge stall around the mid-span region. It is successfully demonstrated here how uRANS-based CFD computations can be effectively employed in the study of wind turbine rotor aerodynamics.
Novel, Edible Melanin-Protein-Based Bioactive Films for Cheeses: Antimicrobial, Mechanical and Chemical Characteristics

The cheese rind is the natural food packaging of cheese and is subject to a wide range of external factors that compromise the appearance of the cheese, including color defects caused by spoilage microorganisms. First, eight films based on whey protein isolate (WPI) coatings were studied, of which IS3CA (WPI 5% + sorbitol 3% + citric acid 3%) was selected for presenting better properties. From the IS3CA film, novel films containing melanin M1 (74 µg/mL) and M2 (500 µg/mL) were developed and applied to cheese under proof-of-concept and industrial conditions. After 40 days of maturation, M2 presented the lowest microorganism count for all the microbial parameters analyzed. The cheese with M2 showed the lowest lightness, which indicates that it is the darkest cheese due to the melanin concentration. It was found that the mechanical and colorimetric properties are the ones that contribute the most to the distinction of the M2 film in cheese from the others. Using FTIR-ATR, it was possible to distinguish the rinds of M2 cheeses because they contained the highest concentrations of melanin. Thus, this study shows that the film with M2 showed the best mechanical, chemical and antimicrobial properties for application in cheese.
Wavelet Analysis-Based Infrared Dim Small Target Detection Algorithm

Aiming at the requirement of infrared dim target detection,and according to image feature and wavelet analysis character of infrared dim small target,an infrared dim small target detection algorithm based on wavelet analysis is proposed.First,the algorithm analyzes infrared dim small target image using wavelet; then sets low frequency wavelet coefficient to zero to wipe off the background,threshold for high frequency wavelet coefficient to filter noise and self-adaptive subband enhancement to enhance the energy of target;finally reverses wavelet transform and self-adapt threshold segment.The experiment results indicate that the algorithm has merits of high speed and stronger denoise ability.
The complex high-mass star-forming region IRAS 15507-5359

The far-infrared IRAS 15507-5359 source is known to be a medium-mass star-forming region associated with a compact H II region and a near-infrared embedded cluster. We present a survey of infrared-calibrated images ranging from 1.2 to 500 μm obtained with the Baade telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, and the Herschel space telescope with additional archive Spitzer data. We confirm the distance to the complex to be 5.0 kpc. Three Herschel far-infrared sources are found, I, II, III, identified with dense cores at different evolutionary stages. One (III) is a starless infrared dark cloud showing, near its edge, two infrared reflection nebulae (R1) and (R2) with dispersed young stellar populations, including a knot of shocked H2 line emission. Both show considerable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission. Core II has associated a radio H II region and a deeply embedded one-million-year-old cluster (Cl 1) that contains more than 45 young stellar objects, reddened by at least 20 visual magnitudes. About 20 per cent of them show considerable infrared excess emission. Core I appears void of a near-infrared population, and coincides with a long emission bar that resembles a photodissociation front. We determine the properties of the two most luminous Class I sources in the region by fitting models of young stars with accreting discs and envelopes to their 1–500 μm spectral energy distributions. This is another example of a medium-mass region with at least three well-defined active centres of star formation separated by about 1 pc and at different evolutionary stages.
Discrete-Time Small-Signal Modeling of LLC Resonant Converter Considering the Nonlinearity of Voltage-Controlled Oscillator

The LLC resonant converter, featured with soft-switching capability, has been widely used in power conversions. For achieving the fast dynamic performance of the LLC resonant converter, it is required to increase the control bandwidth, and thus an accurate small-signal model is necessary. In this article, with the discrete-time modeling method, the small-signal model of the power stage of the LLC resonant converter in full load range is derived. Meanwhile, an accurate small-signal model for the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), which is usually adopted for frequency control for resonant converters, is deduced, and this model can reflect the nonlinearity of the VCO. Finally, the experimental results are provided to verify the validity of the proposed model.
Substance Use and Housing Stability among Individuals Experiencing Homelessness and a Traumatic Brain Injury: The Role of Social Support

Purpose: When compared to the general population, people experiencing homelessness have significantly higher rates of TBI (traumatic brain injury). Individuals experiencing homelessness and a TBI require social support because it can serve as a protective factor in reducing the risks of substance use and positively impact housing stability. This study aimed to better understand how social networks influence housing stability among individuals experiencing homelessness and a TBI. Materials and methods: A purposive sampling design was utilized to recruit and survey 115 adults experiencing homelessness. Quantitative questions captured data on demographic information, brain injury-related variables, homelessness-related variables, social network support types and characteristics, and correlates of housing instability including self-report substance use variables. Results: Findings showed that substance use was, indeed, a barrier to stay in or afford housing. Additionally, rates of social support were uniformly low across the sample, showing the unique vulnerabilities associated with homelessness and TBI and homelessness in general. Conclusion: Intervention efforts may consider fostering support networks, as social support has been linked to both housing stability and non-housing outcomes such as reduced substance use, improved health, and community reintegration.
An Evaluation Method on Calibration and Measurement Uncertainty of an Airflow Rate Measuring Tube

An evaluation method on calibration and measurement uncertainty of an airflow rate measuring tube was introduced.It gave the reason for utilizing comparison calibration method to calibrate the flow coefficient of a small scale airflow tube.The calibration results and measurement uncertainty of a measuring tube are obtained.The results showed that even if the precision wasn't high enough,with known uncertainty,standard orifice unit was still used to calibrate other airflow measurement units,whose measurement uncertainty could be evaluated.
Measurement Method for Dielectric Property of Lossy Liquid Using Waveguide Well for SAR Probe Calibration

In this article, we propose a method for estimating liquid dielectric property with a waveguide well (LDP2W method), using the transmission characteristics to evaluate the dielectric property of a tissue-equivalent liquid employed for measuring a specific absorption rate (SAR) in human exposure assessment. To realize the LDP2W method, an SAR probe calibration system was converted to a dielectric property measurement system. To verify the measurement system, the dielectric properties for different types of liquids were estimated by numerical simulation and actual measurement at 1950 and 3500 MHz. The estimation result was within around 4% of a reference value obtained from a theoretical formula or by a coaxial probe method. We also discuss the uncertainty factors in our proposed method. One of the factors is a reflected wave from the liquid surface at low frequencies. It can be removed using a time domain gating technique, which reduces the estimation error in the measurement of pure water at 900 MHz. The other factor was antenna misalignment, which caused a maximum estimation error of around 0.5%.
A boundary integral method for computing forces on particles in unsteady Stokes and linear viscoelastic fluids

Accurately characterizing the forces acting on particles in fluids is of fundamental importance for understanding particle dynamics and binding kinetics. Conventional asymptotic solutions may lead to poor accuracy for neighboring particles. In this paper, we develop an accurate boundary integral method to calculate forces exerted on particles for a given velocity field. We focus our study on the fundamental two‐bead oscillating problem in an axisymmetric frame. The idea is to exploit a correspondence principle between the unsteady Stokes and linear viscoelasticity in the Fourier domain such that a unifying boundary integral formulation can be established for the resulting Brinkman equation. In addition to the dimension reduction vested in a boundary integral method, our formulation only requires the evaluation of single‐layer integrals, which can be carried out efficiently and accurately by a hybrid numerical integration scheme based on kernel decompositions. Comparison with known analytic solutions and existing asymptotic solutions confirms the uniform third‐order accuracy in space of our numerical scheme. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Very Large Telescope Visible Multi‐Object Spectrograph Mask Preparation Software

VIMOS (Visible Multi‐Object Spectrograph) is a multiobject imaging spectrograph installed at the VLT (Very large Telescope) at the ESO (European Southern Observatory) Paranal Observatory that is especially suited for survey work. VIMOS is characterized by its very high multiplexing factor: it is possible to take up to 800 spectra with 10″ long slits in a single exposure. To fully exploit its multiplexing potential, we designed and implemented a dedicated software tool: the VIMOS Mask Preparation Software (VMMPS), which allows the astronomer to select the objects to be spectroscopically observed, and provides for automatic slit positioning and slit number maximization within the instrumental constraints. The output of VMMPS is used to manufacture the slit masks to be mounted in the instrument for spectroscopic observations.
“Does this make sense?”: The effect of matching guise in regional accent on grammatical acceptability judgments

Syntax and sociophonetics are typically treated as wildly disjointed (possibly even incompatible) theoretical pursuits. This paper seeks to unite sociophonetic speech perception and syntax research by presenting participants with matching or mismatching social expectations during a structural grammaticality judgment task. Place is the unifying social association between guise and structure. Participants completed a between-subjects matched guise survey with place-based grammatical structures spoken in either a matching place-based, local accent or a nonlocal accent. Place-based structures are consistently rated more acceptable in the local accent than the nonlocal. These results suggest that judgment of grammaticality results from an interplay of sociocultural expectations with accent and sentence structure. Judgment of structural grammaticality is not independent of social expectation.
Popular Dietary Patterns: Alignment With American Heart Association 2021 Dietary Guidance: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

The evolution of dietary guidelines from isolated nutrients to broader dietary pattern recommendations results from growing knowledge of the synergy between nutrients and their food sources as they influence health. Macronutrient and micronutrient needs can be met by consuming various dietary patterns, but guidance is often required to facilitate population-wide adherence to wise food choices to achieve a healthy dietary pattern. This is particularly true in this era with the proliferation of nutrition misinformation and misplaced emphasis. In 2021, the American Heart Association issued a scientific statement outlining key principles of a heart-healthy dietary pattern that could be operationalized in various ways. The objective of this scientific statement is to assess alignment of commonly practiced US dietary patterns with the recently published American Heart Association criteria, to determine clinical and cultural factors that affect long-term adherence, and to propose approaches for adoption of healthy dietary patterns. This scientific statement is intended to serve as a tool for clinicians and consumers to evaluate whether these popular dietary pattern(s) promote cardiometabolic health and suggests factors to consider when adopting any pattern to improve alignment with the 2021 American Heart Association Dietary Guidance. Numerous patterns strongly aligned with 2021 American Heart Association Dietary Guidance (ie, Mediterranean, DASH [Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension], pescetarian, vegetarian) can be adapted to reflect personal and cultural preferences and budgetary constraints. Thus, optimal cardiovascular health would be best supported by developing a food environment that supports adherence to these patterns wherever food is prepared or consumed.