Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
X-RAY PROPERTIES OF LOW-MASS PRE-MAIN SEQUENCE STARS IN THE ORION TRAPEZIUM CLUSTER

The Chandra HETG Orion Legacy Project (HOLP) is the first comprehensive set of observations of a very young massive stellar cluster that provides high-resolution X-ray spectra of very young stars over a wide mass range (0.7–2.3 M ⊙ ? > ). In this paper, we focus on the six brightest X-ray sources with T Tauri stellar counterparts that are well-characterized at optical and infrared wavelengths. All stars show column densities which are substantially smaller than expected from optical extinction, indicating that the sources are located on the near side of the cluster with respect to the observer as well as that these stars are embedded in more dusty environments. Stellar X-ray luminosities are well above 1031 erg s−1, in some cases exceeding 1032 erg s−1 for a substantial amount of time. The stars during these observations show no flares but are persistently bright. The spectra can be well fit with two temperature plasma components of 10 MK and 40 MK, of which the latter dominates the flux by a ratio 6:1 on average. The total emission measures range between 3–8 × 1054 cm−3 and are comparable to active coronal sources. The fits to the Ne ix He-Like K-shell lines indicate forbidden to inter-combination line ratios consistent with the low-density limit. Observed abundances compare well with active coronal sources underlying the coronal nature of these sources. The surface flux in this sample of 0.6–2.3 M ⊙ ? > classical T Tauri stars shows that coronal activity increases significantly between ages 0.1 and 10 Myr. The results demonstrate the power of X-ray line diagnostics to study coronal properties of T Tauri stars in young stellar clusters.
Active galactic nuclei and the minor merger hypothesis

We have investigated the dynamics of the merging process in the minor merger hypothesis for active galactic nuclei. We find that for a satellite galaxy to be able to merge directly with the nucleus of the host galaxy (forexample, to give rise to the compact dust discs which are seen in early-type active galaxies), the initial orbit of the satellite is required to be well aimed. For the case of the host galaxy being a disc galaxy, if the initial orbits of the satellites are randomly oriented with respect to the host galaxy, then the orbits of those which reach the host nuclear regions in a reasonable time are also fairly randomly oriented once they reach the nucleus. We note that this result might be able to provide an explanation of why the jet directions in the nuclei of Seyfert galaxies are apparently unrelated to the plane of the galaxy discs.
Redefining leadership in schools: the Cheshire Cat as unconventional metaphor

ABSTRACT Moving away from the study of the principal as the central leader figure in schools, this article argues for an alternative narrative for school leadership. It draws on empirical data from a doctoral study to propose a new way of thinking about the school leader through the unusual metaphor of the Cheshire Cat. Examining the stories of 11 school leaders from one independent PK-12 Western Australian school, including middle leaders who are often absent in school leadership literature, this article provides insights into school leaders’ perceptions of themselves as leaders, and their private processes of decision making. These leader stories challenge the notion of school leadership as an archetypal story of a central figure, showing that it can instead be quiet, subtle, fluid, and even deliberately invisible. The visible-invisible Cheshire Cat school leader enacts collective vision, action, and transformation by acting as a deliberate and skilled collaborator in a complex, networked web. This reimagined school leader is one who makes careful decisions about how to best serve their communities, how to foster trust, and how to distribute power and agency, including when to appear and disappear, when to step forward and step back, when to direct and when to empower.
Computational analysis reveals a correlation of exon-skipping events with splicing, transcription and epigenetic factors

Alternative splicing (AS), in higher eukaryotes, is one of the mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation that generate multiple transcripts from the same gene. One particular mode of AS is the skipping event where an exon may be alternatively excluded or constitutively included in the resulting mature mRNA. Both transcript isoforms from this skipping event site, i.e. in which the exon is either included (inclusion isoform) or excluded (skipping isoform), are typically present in one cell, and maintain a subtle balance that is vital to cellular function and dynamics. However, how the prevailing conditions dictate which isoform is expressed and what biological factors might influence the regulation of this process remain areas requiring further exploration. In this study, we have developed a novel computational method, graph-based exon-skipping scanner (GESS), for de novo detection of skipping event sites from raw RNA-seq reads without prior knowledge of gene annotations, as well as for determining the dominant isoform generated from such sites. We have applied our method to publicly available RNA-seq data in GM12878 and K562 cells from the ENCODE consortium and experimentally validated several skipping site predictions by RT-PCR. Furthermore, we integrated other sequencing-based genomic data to investigate the impact of splicing activities, transcription factors (TFs) and epigenetic histone modifications on splicing outcomes. Our computational analysis found that splice sites within the skipping-isoform-dominated group (SIDG) tended to exhibit weaker MaxEntScan-calculated splice site strength around middle, ‘skipping’, exons compared to those in the inclusion-isoform-dominated group (IIDG). We further showed the positional preference pattern of splicing factors, characterized by enrichment in the intronic splice sites immediately bordering middle exons. Finally, our analysis suggested that different epigenetic factors may introduce a variable obstacle in the process of exon–intron boundary establishment leading to skipping events.
Spectral and spatial classification of earthquake images by support vector selection and adaptation

The aim of this study is to extract homogenous and edge regions from a post-earthquake Quickbird satellite image with high resolution and to combine this spatial information with spectral information in classification of earthquake damage. In order to extract the homogenous and edge regions from the image, a spatial filtering approach and Canny filter were used. A novel method called support vector selection and adaptation (SVSA) was used in classification of earthquake damage. Pixel and texture-based classification were separately carried out in order to show their comparative classification performance. For implementation, a small region from city of Bam in Iran was selected.
HPV immunohistochemical testing and cervical dysplasia

Background and aim HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) infection represents a necessary condition for cervical carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of HPV testing using an immunohistochemical staining kit with implications upon both diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Methods Seventy-nine patients and eighty-six controls were enrolled in the study. Each patient had completed a physical examination, gynecological examination with cervical sampling using a liquid-based cytology system and also colposcopy. The cervical samples were analyzed according to Bethesda terminology and HPV-HR immunohistochemical staining was performed. In all the patients with high-grade lesion a surgical excision procedure was performed followed by pathological examination of the specimen. The collected data were analyzed using statistical software. Results The colposcopic examination has detected acetowhite modifications of the cervical epithelium in 47% of patients with ASC-US (Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) in 71% of patients with LSIL (Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) and in 100% of patients with HSIL ( High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion). The biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of LSIL in 27% of biopsy specimens in patients with ASC-US and in 79.99% of patients with LSIL respectively. In all patients with HSIL the diagnosis was CIN II or higher. The percentage of HPV-HR (Human Papilloma Virus – High Risk) positivity porportionaly increased with the severity of cytological diagnosis: 30% in ASC-US, 42.86% in LSIL and 75% in HSIL patients. The sensitivity of detection of HPV-HR was 50% with CI 95% [17.45;82.55] for ASC-US, 77.77% with CI 95% [51.91;92.62] for LSIL and 81.81% with CI 95% [58.99;94.00] for HSIL. Conclusion HPV testing can be an important screening tool for cervical dysplasia. The HPV testing targeting high risk types is indicated for ASC-US and LSIL triage. The present work sustains the idea of introducing HPV testing as a primary screening tool for cervical cancer.
Identification of the Kv2.1 K+ Channel as a Major Component of the Delayed Rectifier K+ Current in Rat Hippocampal Neurons

Molecular cloning studies have revealed the existence of a large family of voltage-gated K+ channel genes expressed in mammalian brain. This molecular diversity underlies the vast repertoire of neuronal K+ channels that regulate action potential conduction and neurotransmitter release and that are essential to the control of neuronal excitability. However, the specific contribution of individual K+ channel gene products to these neuronal K+ currents is poorly understood. We have shown previously, using an antibody, “KC,” specific for the Kv2.1 K+ channel α-subunit, the high-level expression of Kv2.1 protein in hippocampal neurons in situ and in culture. Here we show that KC is a potent blocker of K+ currents expressed in cells transfected with the Kv2.1 cDNA, but not of currents expressed in cells transfected with other highly related K+ channel α-subunit cDNAs. KC also blocks the majority of the slowly inactivating outward current in cultured hippocampal neurons, although antibodies to two other K+ channel α-subunits known to be expressed in these cells did not exhibit blocking effects. In all cases the blocking effects of KC were eliminated by previous incubation with a recombinant fusion protein containing the KC antigenic sequence. Together these studies show that Kv2.1, which is expressed at high levels in most mammalian central neurons, is a major contributor to the delayed rectifier K+ current in hippocampal neurons and that the KC antibody is a powerful tool for the elucidation of the role of the Kv2.1 K+ channel in regulating neuronal excitability.
Illumination and turbidity effects on observing faceted bottom elements with uniform Lambertian albedos

Aircraft images were collected near Lee Stocking Island (LSI), Bahamas, with wavelike features for bright sand bottoms during times when solar zenith angles were large. The image contrast between leading and trailing wave facets approached a 10–15% difference because of algae accumulations in wave troughs or topographic variations of the bottom. Reflectance contrast for blue light was greater than for red and green wavelengths when algae or detritus was present in the troughs. However, the contrast at green and red wavelengths was greater than at blue wavelengths when caused by the interplay between bottom topography and oblique illumination. A three‐dimensional backwards Monte Carlo (BMC) model was developed to evaluate the effect of oblique illumination on wavelike topographic features for various values of water clarity and bottom albedo. An inverse optical modeling approach, previously developed for flat, horizontally homogeneous bottoms, was applied to the BMC results. Bathymetric estimates for bright facets tilted 10° toward the sun were slightly smaller than actual depths, whereas shaded facet depth estimates were too high by about 5%. Larger errors were associated with albedo retrievals, where shaded facets produced albedo estimates up to 15% lower than actual values. Errors increased with tilt angles up to 20° but decreased with sea and sky turbidity. Averaging sunlit and shaded pixels before running the inverse model reduced the uncertainty of bathymetric and albedo estimates to about 2 and 5%, respectively, comparable to previous field evaluations of the inversion model.
"Variable Structure Load Frequency Controller: Optimal Design and Chattering Reduction using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm"

 This paper presents an optimal design of Variable Structure Load Frequency Controller using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm. The optimal design provides a simple systematic way for obtaining optimum feedback gains and switching vector for VSC. It also includes a new method to reduce the chattering associated with the Variable Structure Controllers (VSC). The proposed method has been applied to a single nonreheat area. Comparison with the literature shows the effectiveness of the proposed design approach. Index Terms  Variable Structure Control (VSC), Load Frequency Control (LFC), Particle Swarm optimization.
Teaching and learning online with wikis

Wikis are fully editable websites; any user can read or add content to a wiki site. This functionality means that wikis are an excellent tool for collaboration in an online environment. This paper presents wikis as a useful tool for facilitating online education. Basic wiki functionality is outlined and different wikis are reviewed to highlight the features that make them a valuable technology for teaching and learning online. Finally, the paper discuses a wiki project underway at Deakin University. This project uses a wiki to host an icebreaker exercise which aims to facilitate ongoing interaction between members of online learning groups. Wiki projects undertaken in America are outlined and future wiki research plans are also discussed. These wiki projects illustrate how e-learning practitioners can and are moving beyond their comfort zone by using wikis to enhance the process of teaching and learning online.
Effects of Long-Term Antiglaucoma Eye Drops on Conjunctival Structures: An In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Study

Purpose. The study was aimed at comparing the long-term effects of different antiglaucoma eye drops on conjunctival structures using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Methods. Eighty patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma and twenty healthy volunteers were included in this study. The participants were divided into 5 groups according to the different medications. The lachrymal film break-up time, Schirmer's I test, and Ocular Surface Disease Index Questionnaire were performed in all subjects. The confocal microscopy was used to observe the basal epithelial cell density (ECD), goblet cell density (GCD), dendritic cell density (DCD), and subepithelial collagen fiber diameter (SFD). Results. Statistically significant differences were found among the control group and the antiglaucoma therapy groups in the values of three clinical data (P < 0.05). The GCD, DCD, and SFD showed significant differences in all glaucoma groups when compared to the control (P < 0.001). Moreover, the prostaglandin group differed from the other antiglaucoma therapy groups in the GCD and SFD (P < 0.05). Conclusions. Our study confirmed the significant differences in the conjunctival structures based on the effects of antiglaucoma medications. Less pronounced changes were found in the patients treated with prostaglandin analogue than in the other kinds of antiglaucoma therapies.
Scale-invariant isotropy of an optical mouse array for mobile robot velocity estimation

This paper presents the scale-invariant isotropy analysis of an optical mouse array for the mobile robot velocity estimation. First, with the characteristic length introduced, the velocity kinematics of a mobile robot with optical mice is described. Then, the uncertainty ellipsoid is obtained to represent the error characteristics of the optical mouse based mobile robot velocity estimation, and the isotropy index is defined as the closeness of the uncertainty ellipsoid to a sphere. Next, using the defined isotropy index, the conditions for the anisotropic, isotropic, and regular optical mouse arrays are derived in terms of the installation positions of optical mice, along with the corresponding characteristic lengths.
Pulsar slow glitches in a solid quark star model

A series of five unusual slow glitches of the radio pulsar B1822-09 (PSR J1825-0935) was observed between 1995 and 2005. This is a phenomenon that is understood in a solid quark star model, and reasonable parameters for slow glitches are given in this paper. We propose that, because of increasing shear stress as the pulsar spins down, a slow glitch may occur, beginning with the collapse of a superficial layer of the quark star. This layer of material turns to viscous fluid at first, the viscosity of which helps to deplete the energy released from both the accumulated elastic energy and the gravitation potential. There is then a slow glitch. Numerical calculations show that the slow glitches that have been observed could be reproduced if the effective coefficient of viscosity is ∼10 2 cm 2 s -1 and the initial velocity of the superficial layer is of the order of 10 -10 cm s -1 in the coordinate rotating frame of the star.
Service Recommendation in an Evolving Ecosystem: A Link Prediction Approach

Services computing is playing a critical role in recent years in many fields and we observe a rapidly increasing number of web accessible services and their compositions nowadays. However, our earlier empirical study reveals that, overall the public available services are under-utilized, and when they are used, they are used mostly in an isolated manner. This phenomenon inspires us to further explore a methodology to help consumers understand the usage pattern of the service ecosystem, including interactions among services, and the evolution of these interactions. Based on the derived usage pattern, this methodology also introduces a service recommendation method that suggests both services and their compositions, in a time-sensitive manner. We firstly construct an evolution network model from the historical usage of the services in the ecosystem. Then a rank-aggregation-based link prediction method is proposed to predict the evolution of the ecosystem. Based on this link prediction method, we can recommend services and compositions of interest to service developers. Through an experiment on the real-world mashup-service ecosystem, i.e., Programmable Web, we demonstrated that our approach can effectively recommend services and compositions with better precision than the methods we compared.
Parallel quotient summarization of RDF graphs

Discovering the structure and content of an RDF graph is hard for human users, due to its heterogeneity, complexity, and possibly large size. One class of tools for this task are structural RDF graph summaries, which allow users to grasp the different connections between RDF graph nodes. RDFQuotient graph summaries are a brand of structural summaries we developed. They are usually very compact, making them good for first-sight visual discovery. Existing algorithms for building these summaries are centralized, and require the graph to fit in memory. Going beyond, in this work we present novel algorithms for building RDFQuotient summaries in a parallel, shared-nothing architecture. We instantiate our algorithms to Apache Spark platform; our experiments demonstrate the merit of our approach.
Hepatitis C Prevalence in Hemodialysis Patients and the Results of New Antiviral Therapy

Objective: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is more common in patients undergoing dialysis compared to the normal population. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of hepatitis C in patients undergoing hemodialysis and to share the results of the antiviral drugs used in the treatment of our patients with HCV. Materials and Methods: A total of 235 dialysis patients who had applied to the Outpatient Department of Infectious Diseases and Nephrology between January 2017 and December 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. Results: The percentage of the anti-HCV positivity was 12.7%, and 73% of patients with anti-HCV positivity showed the HCV-RNA positivity. Genotyping revealed that 77.2% were 1b, 18.1% were 1a, and 4.5% were 3a. The treatment was planned according to the results of the genotype analysis. The HCV-RNA analysis was not performed in two anti-HCV positive patients because they refused to give blood, and 10 patients refused the treatment. For 12 non-cirrhotic genotype 1b patients who were not treated previously, a treatment protocol by adding dasabuvir to a combination of ombitasvir and paritaprevir/ritonavir was prepared. All patients who completed a 12-week treatment course became 100% HCV-RNA negative in the 1st, 3rd, and 6th month. Conclusion: The treatment of patients undergoing hemodialysis infected with the HCV genotype 1b with an ombitasvir/ paritaprevir/ritonavir/dasabuvir combination was very effective.
A Hybrid Hierarchical Approach for Brain Tissue Segmentation by Combining Brain Atlas and Least Square Support Vector Machine

In this paper, we present a new semi-automatic brain tissue segmentation method based on a hybrid hierarchical approach that combines a brain atlas as a priori information and a least-square support vector machine (LS-SVM). The method consists of three steps. In the first two steps, the skull is removed and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is extracted. These two steps are performed using the toolbox FMRIB's automated segmentation tool integrated in the FSL software (FSL-FAST) developed in Oxford Centre for functional MRI of the brain (FMRIB). Then, in the third step, the LS-SVM is used to segment grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM). The training samples for LS-SVM are selected from the registered brain atlas. The voxel intensities and spatial positions are selected as the two feature groups for training and test. SVM as a powerful discriminator is able to handle nonlinear classification problems; however, it cannot provide posterior probability. Thus, we use a sigmoid function to map the SVM output into probabilities. The proposed method is used to segment CSF, GM and WM from the simulated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using Brainweb MRI simulator and real data provided by Internet Brain Segmentation Repository. The semi-automatically segmented brain tissues were evaluated by comparing to the corresponding ground truth. The Dice and Jaccard similarity coefficients, sensitivity and specificity were calculated for the quantitative validation of the results. The quantitative results show that the proposed method segments brain tissues accurately with respect to corresponding ground truth.
Ahead context Qa: Interactive communications spawning through accumulation propaganda

Interactively freak out information to the user is generally play a vital role. Existent QA is usually enough to be useful only in plain text format providing to the user. In this project we connote textual data with the appropriate media to recommend a inspired by the response. It has three components of our system Construal median scrap, Inquiry localization, Data pick up and Launch. The Construal median scrap is used to select a variety of responses to the receiver. Inquiry localization is used for extracting keywords from the source in question is widely used in the investigation. Data pick up and Launch is used for choose the correct answer and the result is used to retrieve the data and launching. We use Stemming algorithm, Naive Bayes classifier algorithm and Ranking algorithm. We will increase the contribution of community responses. Data unwittingly, any user can get information immediately. Our nigh is to deal with complicated questions. Queries are generated on the basis of the information we collect upright multimedia image and video with multimedia search engines.