Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An adaptive reporting frequency control scheme for energy saving on Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) typically aggregate sensed events into a sink by Continuous Monitoring (CM) or Event-Detection (ED). Cluster heads receiving and sending aggregated data have a difficulty in maintaining traditional cluster-based WSNs due to the energy hole problem, which leads to faster energy depletion around the sink. This paper shows how reporting frequency to the sink can be controlled in a cluster-based WSN. To date, there has been a few studies on controlling the reporting frequency to minimize power consumption in WSNs while guaranteeing accuracy. Thus, we propose an adaptive reporting frequency control algorithm (ARFC) with an accuracy constraint. It is shown that the power consumption of a cluster head and cluster members is considerably reduced. ARFC can anticipate the optimal reporting frequency according to an accuracy factor defined by an administrator. We also present a weighted ARFC in proportional to the number of sensor nodes. Mathematical results show that ARFC reduces more power consumption than traditional schemes without reporting control.
Improved Hybrid Clustering and Distance-based Technique for Outlier Removal

-Outliers detection is a task that finds objects that are dissimilar or inconsistent with respect to the remaining data. It has many uses in applications like fraud detection, network intrusion detection and clinical diagnosis of diseases. Using clustering algorithms for outlier detection is a technique that is frequently used. The clustering algorithms consider outlier detection only to the point they do not interfere with the clustering process. In these algorithms, outliers are only by-products of clustering algorithms and they cannot rank the priority of outliers. In this paper, three partition-based algorithms, PAM, CLARA and CLARANs are combined with k-medoid distance based outlier detection to improve the outlier detection and removal process. The experimental results prove that CLARANS clustering algorithm when combined with medoid distance based outlier detection improves the accuracy of detection and increases the time efficiency.
Chiral Recognition in Bis-Urea-Based Aggregates and Organogels through Cooperative Interactions.

Chiral recognition in organogels occurs in the coassembly of the chiral gelator 1 with the chiral guest molecule 2. The diastereomeric aggregates formed from (R,R)-2 with (R,R)-1 or (S,S)-1 were found to be truly different in structure and strength. Cooperativity makes a major contribution to the chiral recognition in this system.
POSTERIOR STAPHYLOMAS IN EYES WITH RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA WITHOUT HIGH MYOPIA.

PURPOSE To describe features of posterior staphylomas in nonhighly myopic eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). METHODS The retrospective observational case series study included patients with RP and an axial length of <26.5 mm and searched for eyes with posterior staphylomas. All study participants underwent fundus photography and optical coherence tomography. RESULTS The study identified 13 eyes of 7 patients with a narrow macular staphyloma. Mean age was 40.9 ± 17.9 years (range 9-62 years) and mean axial length was 24.90 ± 0.69 mm. The staphyloma edges corresponded to the margin between the retinal atrophic area in the fundus midperiphery and the relatively unaffected fundus center. On vertically orientated optical coherence tomography images, the staphyloma edges showed a slight inward protrusion of the sclera and a ring-like localized choroidal thinning with choroidal rethickening in direction toward the fovea and toward the periphery of the fundus. The upper and lower staphyloma edges did not differ in steepness. The thickness of the subfoveal choroid (138.6 m ± 50.1 µm) was thinner than the normal range after adjusting for age and axial length in all eyes. Two eyes with advanced RP in the macula showed a subfoveal choroidal thickness of 95 µm and 88 µm. CONCLUSION Narrow macular staphylomas can occur in nonhighly myopic eyes with RP and, in contrast to staphylomas in highly myopic eyes, show a less marked thinning of the subfoveal choroid. The occurrence of posterior staphylomas in nonhighly myopic eyes with RP may provide hints to unravel the etiology of posterior staphyloma formation.
Preface Scoping the Web Engineering Discipline Knowledge Management Systems (kms) and Knowledge-based Systems (kbs) Characteristics of the Knowledge-based Evolving Organization the 11th European Conference on Knowledge Management Eckm 2010 Lists the following Selected Sample Topics for Its Program: 

INTRODUCTION This is the fourth sequel of volumes on the series of Advances in Information Technology and Web Engineering titled: Web Engineering Applications for Evolving Organizations: Emerging Knowledge based on revised and extended articles published in Volume 4, 2009, and highlights the importance of knowledge in the new evolving organization in the next decade. In this introduction, two disciplines related to the theme of the book are explained: Software engineering and knowledge systems. In the second section, the characteristics of the knowledge-based evolving organization are explained. The latter two sections highlight recent technology platforms for Web-based applications and related latest application domains, respectively. Looking back at the articles published in the first four volumes, perhaps it is time to go back and reflect on the scope of software engineering before we start highlighting issues related to the theme of this volume. The field of Web Engineering has been defined in several ways. Here are two definitions: (1) The application of systematic, disciplined and quantifiable approaches to the cost-effective development and evolution of high-quality solutions in the World Wide Web. (webengineering.org), and (2) Web Engineering covers the realization of solutions within the World Wide Web, its applications and its advancement, in particular its approaches, methods, models, principles and tools, which are based on the information and communication technologies of the Internet. (iswe-ev.de) In an article that reviewed 11 books on Web Engineering highlighted the following common themes and contents (Pröll and Reich, 2010): • Web Engineering Process • Formulation and Planning Analysis • Modeling of Web Applications • Design Modeling for Web Applications • Testing of Web Applications • Web Science extensions • Semantic Web xvi An analysis of a Web Engineering maturity model shows the concentration on application development processes and user analysis (Deshpande, 2003). In a keynote presentation, the author presented 8 levels of Web application types (www.icwe2004. Clearly, previous discussions may lead readers to believe that the concentration of Web Engineering field is on Web-base application development, such as Web site design and E-business and E-government applications. However, research in the field during the past four years expounded other areas, such as Web search mechanisms, email filtering, Web-based cooperative learning, practices of open software development, agent technologies, and social networks. Therefore, researches and practitioners need to look at Web engineering field as encompassing other areas beside Web site application development. This nullifies the notion that Web engineering is …
A Formal Basis for Spoken Language Translation by Analogy

Since spoken language is characterized by a number of properties that defy interpretation and translation by purely grammar-based techniques, recent interest has turned to analogical (also known as case-based or example-based) approaches. In this framework, the most important step consists of robustly matching the recognized input expression with the stored examples. This paper presents a probabilistic formalization of analogical matching, and describes how this model is applied to speech translation in the framework of translation by analogy. 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n The la. ,~t decade has seen growing interest in the example-based framework for translation of written and spoken language (Nagao, 1984),(Jones, 1996). This approach, sometimes called analogical, casebased, or memory-based, originated with the following insight. In the course of translating an expression, a skilled human translator often recalls a similar translation that she has performed or studied before, and then carries out the new translation by analogy to the previous case, instead of applying a large number of lexical and grammatical rules in her head. In an example-based translation architecture, pairs of bilingual expressions are stored in the example database. The source language input expression is matched against the source language portion of each example pair, and the best matching example is selected. The system then returns the target language portion of the best example ms output. This is illustrated in Figure 1. BHiagusl Example Database Figure 1: Example-based Translation Architecture
Procedure for Detecting Outliers in a Circular Regression Model

A number of circular regression models have been proposed in the literature. In recent years, there is a strong interest shown on the subject of outlier detection in circular regression. An outlier detection procedure can be developed by defining a new statistic in terms of the circular residuals. In this paper, we propose a new measure which transforms the circular residuals into linear measures using a trigonometric function. We then employ the row deletion approach to identify observations that affect the measure the most, a candidate of outlier. The corresponding cut-off points and the performance of the detection procedure when applied on Down and Mardia’s model are studied via simulations. For illustration, we apply the procedure on circadian data.
Impulse Response Functions Analysis on Wealth and Balance Sheet Effect in Czech Republic and South Africa Housing Market

This paper studies the interest rate exposure of the housing markets and the role of housing prices in monetary transmission mechanism in two emerging markets, Czech Republic and South Africa. The Granger causality test results indicate that housing price fluctuations create wealth and balance sheet effect in both countries. The results of impulse response functions based on the VECMs show that the impact of wealth and balance sheet effect are greater in South Africa, and South Africa faces a greater interest rate exposure in housing market.
Measuring The Relative Position And Orientation Between Two Mobile Robots With Binaural Sonar

This paper presents a method for measuring the relative position and orientation between two mobile robots using a dual binaural ultrasonic sensor system. Each robot is equipped with a sonar transmitter that sends signals to two receivers mounted on the other robot. It is assumed (but not implemented in our tests) that the two robots can synchronize events with an infrared or radio link. The receivers measure the distance to the transmitter on the other robot, and a geometric model determines the relative position and orientation of the two robots based on a combination of the data from all four receivers. This paper describes the theory and experimental set-up to test this technique. Experimental results show the accuracy and operational limitations of the technique.
Efficient Certificate-Based and Randomized Signature from Pairings

Most of pairing-based schemes need two or more operations of pairings. To find an efficient randomized certificate-based signature from pairings, by constructing a fraction such that a random element of the gap Diffie-Hellman group is included in the numerator and the sum of the master key and the output of the hash function is included in the denominator, a new signature scheme from pairings is proposed, in which only one operation of pairings is used. Under the hardness assumption of CDHP, the scheme can be proved to be secure in random oracle. The new signature is an efficient pairing-based one, since there is only one operation of pairings in it. The new randomized signature is short. On the other hand, the security proof has a tight reduction.
Building the model of sustainable trust in e-government

Although e-government is broadly developed in the world, many citizens are still preferred to use traditional methods. Trust is confirmed to be a critical factor of the success of e-government. From the perspective of the establishment of citizens' sustainable trust in e-government, we construct a conceptual model of sustainable trust in e-government integrated with the updated DeLone and McLean's IS success model.
Performances analysis of polar codes decoding algorithms over variant binary-input channels

In this paper, the performance of state of the art decoding methods of polar codes, such as the SC (Successive Cancellation), BP (belief propagation), LP (Linear Programming), LSC(List Successive Cancellation) and ML(Maximum Likelihood) decoding, over different binary-input discrete memoryless channels (B-DMCs) are presented. Simulation results indicate that decoding algorithms of polar codes have the performances of the estimated bit error rate (BER) below the order of 10-5. In addition, we came to the conclusion that BP algorithm outperforms SC at the cost of computational complexity. The performance of LP decoder is better than BP and the complexity is less than BP scheme, however, it can only be used in binary erasure channels (BECs). ML decoder has the best performance, but its high complexity makes it act as a reference to reveal the gap between ML and other algorithms. In order to remedy the performance deficiencies without any significant increase in decoding complexity, we further study the concatenated polar codes - the polar-LDPC(Low Density Parity Check) concatenation scheme, which is substantially outperforms ML decoding. What's more, the concatenated Polar-LDPC codes can remedy the error floor of LDPC codes. We firmly believed that the concatenated scheme of polar-LDPC would be a prominent technique in 5G (5th-generation) to support the more reliable transmission demand.
Automated energy saving and safety system

This paper reports on a system that can save electricity. Many times we leave the room and hall without switching off lights and fans, thus electricity is wasted. In this work we have presented a system in which energy will be saved based on number of people entering in or leaving out of the room. If there is no person in the room, then light and fan will be switched OFF. On the other hand as soon as any person enters the room, light and fan will be switched ON. On the basis of the intensity of sunlight we can increase or decrease the intensity of light. Simultaneously we can vary the speed of the fan sensing the room temperature. The more temperature the more speed of the fan. A smoke sensor module is used for detecting any smoke within the room and provides safety by alarming the audio device.
Bone marrow-generated dendritic cells pulsed with a class I-restricted peptide are potent inducers of cytotoxic T lymphocytes

It has previously been shown that bone marrow-generated dendritic cells (DC) are potent stimulators in allogeneic mixed leukocyte reactions and are capable of activating naive CD4+ T cells in situ in an antigen- specific manner. In this study we have investigated whether bone marrow- generated DC are capable of inducing antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses in vivo. Initial attempts to induce specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in mice injected with bone marrow-generated DC pulsed with ovalbumin (OVA) peptide were frustrated by the presence of high levels of nonspecific lytic activity, which obscured, though not completely, the presence of Ag-specific CTL. Using conditions that effectively differentiate between antigen-specific and nonspecific lytic activity, we have shown that bone marrow-generated DC pulsed with OVA peptide are potent inducers of OVA-specific CTL responses in vivo, compared with splenocytes or RMA-S cells pulsed with OVA peptide, or compared with immunization with free OVA peptide mixed with adjuvant. Antibody-mediated depletion experiments have shown that the cytotoxic effector cells consist primarily of CD8+ cells, and that induction of CTL in vivo is dependent on CD4+ as well as on CD8+ T cells. These results provide the basis for exploring the role of bone marrow- generated DC in major histocompatibility class I-restricted immune responses, and they provide the rationale for using bone marrow- generated DC in CTL-mediated immunotherapy of cancer and infectious diseases.
Transcriptome Sequences Resolve Deep Relationships of the Grape Family

Previous phylogenetic studies of the grape family (Vitaceae) yielded poorly resolved deep relationships, thus impeding our understanding of the evolution of the family. Next-generation sequencing now offers access to protein coding sequences very easily, quickly and cost-effectively. To improve upon earlier work, we extracted 417 orthologous single-copy nuclear genes from the transcriptomes of 15 species of the Vitaceae, covering its phylogenetic diversity. The resulting transcriptome phylogeny provides robust support for the deep relationships, showing the phylogenetic utility of transcriptome data for plants over a time scale at least since the mid-Cretaceous. The pros and cons of transcriptome data for phylogenetic inference in plants are also evaluated.
Filaggrin Gene Defects Are Independent Risk Factors for Atopic Asthma in a Polish Population: A Study in ECAP Cohort

Background FLG null variants of which 2282del4 and R501X are the most frequent in Caucasians are established risk factors for atopic dermatitis (AD) with an effect probably mediated through impairment of epidermal barrier. Among subjects with AD FLG defects are also consistently associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) but it is less clear to what extent these associations are also present independently from skin disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of 2282del4 and R501X in predisposing to these allergic phenotypes in a Polish population. Methodology 2282del4 and R501X were typed among 3,802 participants of the Epidemiology of Allergic Diseases in Poland (ECAP) survey, a cross-sectional population-based study using ECRHS II and ISAAC questionnaires, and ambulatory examination. Principal Findings The FLG null variants were associated with AD (OR = 2.01, CI: 1.20–3.36, P = 0.007), allergic rhinitis (in particular persistent form, OR = 1.69, CI:1.12–2.54, P = 0.011), and asthma (in particular atopic asthma, OR = 2.22, CI:1.24–3.96, P = 0.006). Association with atopic asthma (but not persistent allergic rhinitis) was also present in the absence of AD, (OR = 2.02, CI: 1.07–3.81, P = 0.027) as well as in the absence of AD and history of broadly defined inflammatory skin disease (OR = 2.30, CI: 1.07–4.93, P = 0.03). Association to atopic asthma would have not been found if diagnosis was made by questionnaire only (OR = 1.15, CI: 0.58–2.32, P = 0.8). We did not observe an association between FLG variants and allergic sensitizations (P = 0.8) or total IgE. (P = 0.6). Conclusions/Significance In a Polish population FLG 2282del4 and R501X carriage increases risk for development of AD and atopic asthma (also in the absence of AD or history thereof). This suggests that interventions aimed at restoring epidermal barrier may have a general role in asthma prophylaxis/treatment.
Correlation between Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation with Postural Change and Postoperative Intraocular Pressure in Relation to the Time Course after Trabeculectomy

Background. To investigate the correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation with postural change and IOP in relation to the time course after trabeculectomy. Methods. A total of 29 patients who had previously undergone primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin C were examined. IOP was obtained at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months and then every 6 months postoperatively. Results. The postural IOP difference before surgery was 3.0 ± 1.8 mmHg, which was reduced to 0.9 ± 1.1 mmHg at 1 month, 1.0 ± 1.0 mmHg at 2 months, 1.3 ± 2.0 mmHg at 3 months, 1.3 ± 1.4 mmHg at 6 months, 1.4 ± 1.5 mmHg at 12 months, and 1.1 ± 0.7 mmHg at 18 months after trabeculectomy (P < 0.01 each visit). The filtering surgery failed in 7 out of 29 eyes. Postural IOP changes were less than 3 mmHg in those patients who did not require needle revision at every visit. However, in patients who did require needle revision, the increase in the posture-induced IOP was greater than 3 mmHg prior to the increase in the sitting position IOP. Conclusions. Assessment of postural IOP changes after trabeculectomy might be potentially useful for predicting IOP changes after trabeculectomy.
A new approach for nonlinear metric estimation of limit cycle amplifiers

Limit Cycle amplifiers are promising solutions to combine high linearity and efficiency, thanks to the efficient switch mode amplifier inside. Therefore an insightful and efficient analysis method is required for these systems. In this paper, a novel Hermite series based statistical approach for nonlinear analysis of the limit cycle amplifier system with real Gaussian excitation is presented. The proposed algorithm gives both in-band and out of band nonlinear distortions through them same approach. The approach is applied to an 802.11 g OFDM signal to calculate EVM, ACPR and output power. The method is validated by good agreement between the extracted results and ADS circuit envelope results.
Ensuring Global Termination of Partial Deduction while Allowing Flexible Polyvariance

The control of polyvariance is a key issue in partial deduction of logic programs. Certainly, only finitely many specialised versions of any procedure should be generated, while, on the other hand, overly severe limitations should not be imposed. In this paper, well-founded orderings serve as a starting point for tackling this so-called ``global control'''' problem. Polyvariance is determined by the set of distinct ``partially deduced'''' atoms generated during partial deduction. Avoiding ad-hoc techniques, we formulate a quite general framework where this set is represented as a tree structure. Associating weights with nodes, we define a well-founded order among such structures, thus obtaining a foundation for certified global termination of partial deduction. We present a terminating and correct template algorithm, concrete instances of which can be used in actual implementations, and report on the results of some experiments. Finally, we argue that the proposed framework can enhance the understanding of and support further advances towards (fully automatic) optimal program specialisation.