Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Creencias de las profesoras de la Fundación Íntegramente. Un primer acercamiento al contexto sociocultural de la enseñanza de castellano a los inmigrantes de Santa Coloma de Gramenet

La constante llegada de inmigrantes a Cataluna provenientes de diferentes partes de Africa, Medio Oriente y Asia ha llevado a la creacion de centros de acogida en los cuales se les ayuda a estos a integrarse socialmente. Uno de los centros en la mancha urbana de Barcelona es la Fundacion Integramenet en Santa Coloma de Gramenet. En este aparecio la necesidad de dar clases de castellano a los inmigrantes con el apoyo de profesores voluntarios. En este trabajo conoceremos los sistemas de creencias de los profesores con el objetivo de tener un primer acercamiento a las aulas de esta fundacion. El metodo de investigacion que utilizamos es el etnografico y la herramienta con la cual recogimos los datos fue la entrevista semiabierta. Estas entrevistas las obtuvimos de cuatro informantes que llamamos Zafo, Helena, Sofia y Tere. Cada una de las entrevistas estuvo estructurada en torno a los temas de: como la profesion del profesor voluntario se relaciona con el sistema de creencias del profesor; como la previa experiencia de aprendizaje de una L2 sirve para preparar las clases; como se valora la multiculturalidad, y como los profesores se identifican con los problemas de los alumnos. En las entrevistas encontramos que los sistemas de creencias de los profesores se ven determinados en gran medida por la profesion. En cuanto a la experiencia de aprender una L2 encontramos que esta se aprovecha cuando las creencias profesionales lo permiten. De esta manera concluimos senalando la importancia de continuar nuestros estudios etnograficos sobre las creencias de los profesores y alumnos, con el proposito de poder en un futuro crear material de apoyo adecuado para esta clase de aulas.
Health effects of involuntary job loss among older workers: findings from the health and retirement survey.

OBJECTIVES To estimate the health consequences of involuntary job loss among older workers in the United States. METHODS Using longitudinal data from the 1992 and 1994 waves of the Health and Retirement Survey, multivariate regression models were estimated to assess the impact of involuntary job loss on both physical functioning and mental health. Our analysis sample included 209 workers who experienced involuntary job loss between survey dates and a comparison group of 2,907 continuously employed workers. RESULTS The effects of late-life involuntary job loss on both follow-up physical functioning and mental health were negative and statistically significant (p < .05), even after baseline health status and sociodemographic factors were controlled for. Among displaced workers, reemployment was positively associated with both follow-up physical functioning and mental health, whereas the duration of joblessness was not significantly associated with either outcome. DISCUSSION The findings provide evidence of a causal relationship between job loss and morbidity among older workers. This relationship is reflected in both poorer physical functioning and mental health for workers who experience involuntary job loss. In addition to the economic consequences of worker displacement, there may be important health consequences of job loss, especially among older workers.
Neither dopamine nor dobutamine corrects mesenteric blood flow depression caused by positive end-expiratory pressure in a rat model of acute lung injury.

OBJECTIVE To determine if either dopamine or dobutamine would counteract the deleterious effect that positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has on cardiac output and mesenteric blood flow in a rat model of acute lung injury. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, controlled trial in a clinically relevant model of acute lung injury. SETTING Microcirculation research laboratory. SUBJECTS Male Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTIONS The animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital (30 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection. They underwent tracheostomy, jugular and femoral vein cannulation, femoral artery cannulation, carotid artery thermistor placement, and bowel preparation for in vivo video microscopy. Acute lung injury was created by administering 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (1 mL/kg) via the tracheostomy. Dopamine or dobutamine (2.5 or 12.5 microg/kg/min), followed by two intravenous fluid boluses, was administered to rats ventilated with 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm H2O of PEEP. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Mean arterial pressure, thermodilution cardiac output, mesenteric arteriolar diameter, and red blood cell velocity were measured and mesenteric blood flow was calculated. Cardiac output was depressed in rats exposed to 20 cm H2O of PEEP by 32+/-2%. The corresponding values for cardiac output depression at 20 cm H2O of PEEP in rats receiving 2.5 and 12.5 microg/kg/min of dopamine and 2.5 and 12.5 microg/kg/min of dobutamine were 31+/-1%, 21+/-1%, 29+/-0%, and 24+/-2%, respectively. Mesenteric blood flow was depressed in rats ventilated with 20 cm H2O of PEEP by 74+/-3%, while the corresponding values in rats exposed to 20 cm H2O of PEEP and receiving 2.5 or 12.5 microg/kg/min of dopamine or 2.5 or 12.5 microg/kg/min of dobutamine were 86+/-3%, 77+/-3%, 73+/-3%, and 66+/-3%, respectively. Fluid boluses did not correct the deficits in cardiac output or mesenteric blood flow caused by the combination of acute lung injury and PEEP. CONCLUSIONS The higher doses of dopamine and dobutamine partially, but insignificantly, corrected the cardiac output depression caused by PEEP in a model of acute lung injury. Neither dose of dopamine nor dobutamine was able to improve PEEP-induced mesenteric blood flow depression.
Cooperative Equilibrium beyond Social Dilemmas: Pareto Solvable Games

A recently introduced concept of "cooperative equilibrium", based on the assumption that players have a natural attitude to cooperation, has been proven a powerful tool in predicting human behaviour in social dilemmas. In this paper, we extend this idea to more general game models, termed "Pareto solvable" games, which in particular include the Nash Bargaining Problem and the Ultimatum Game. We show that games in this class possess a unique pure cooperative equilibrium. Furthermore, for the Ultimatum Game, this notion appears to be strongly correlated with a suitably defined variant of the Dictator Game. We support this observation with the results of a behavioural experiment conducted using Amazon Mechanical Turk, which demonstrates that our approach allows for making statistically precise predictions of average behaviour in such settings.
Reid’s Paradox Revisited: The Evolution of Dispersal Kernels during Range Expansion

Current approaches to modeling range advance assume that the distribution describing dispersal distances in the population (the “dispersal kernel”) is a static entity. We argue here that dispersal kernels are in fact highly dynamic during periods of range advance because density effects and spatial assortment by dispersal ability (“spatial selection”) drive the evolution of increased dispersal on the expanding front. Using a spatially explicit individual‐based model, we demonstrate this effect under a wide variety of population growth rates and dispersal costs. We then test the possibility of an evolved shift in dispersal kernels by measuring dispersal rates in individual cane toads (Bufo marinus) from invasive populations in Australia (historically, toads advanced their range at 10 km/year, but now they achieve >55 km/year in the northern part of their range). Under a common‐garden design, we found a steady increase in dispersal tendency with distance from the invasion origin. Dispersal kernels on the invading front were less kurtotic and less skewed than those from origin populations. Thus, toads have increased their rate of range expansion partly through increased dispersal on the expanding front. For accurate long‐range forecasts of range advance, we need to take into account the potential for dispersal kernels to be evolutionarily dynamic.
Stopping behavior for the rural road intersection of Xu Song Road and Xin Tong road in Tong Zhou District, Beijing

This paper documents the speed reduction impacts of intersection control beacon of the rural road intersection of Xu Song Road and Xin Tong road in Tong Zhou District, Beijing. To determine the effect of intersection control beacon on stopping behaviors of drivers, video capture method was used to collect valid samples. After data collection for four times, there were 400 valid samples. Lagrange's interpolation and Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) methods were used to research the changing of vehicle speed with and without intersection control beacon. The result showed that for that intersection with intersection control beacon, the speed of vehicles decreased 12.87%, moreover, the distance of vehicle beginning to decrease was 13 meters from intersection stopping bar (DSB), speed changed significantly about 1.5 meters away from the stopping bar with significant level (P) is 0.03, lower than criterion significant level (<x= 0.05), So DSB has a significant effect on speed. However, without intersection control beacon, the speed only cut down by 2.90%, and speed has no significant change. To sum up, intersection control beacon has a significant effect on speed changing. Key words-Rural Road; Traffic Control Devices; Intersection Control Beacon
Coaxial Organic p‐n Heterojunction Nanowire Arrays: One‐Step Synthesis and Photoelectric Properties

Organic/organic single-crystal coaxial p-n heterojunction nanowire arrays consisting of p-type copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and n-type 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)-porphyrin (H(2)TPyP) are fabricated through a one-step physical vapor transport (PVT) process. Each single junction wire revealed high photodependent rectifying and sensitive photoresponsive characteristics in devices of light-controlled diodes and photoswitches. The typical photovoltaic device based on a single p-n junction exhibited a high open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.64 V.
DVSA and SHOE: support to shared data structures on distributed memory architectures

With reference to numerical iterative algorithms, this paper exemplifies a methodology to design the runtime support of applications sharing a set of data structures on a distributed memory architecture. According to the methodology, the support is decomposed into two layers: an application independent one, supplying the basic functionalities to access a shared structure, and an application dependent layer that implements the caching and prefetching strategies most appropriate for the considered application. Starting from this assumption, we introduce DVSA, a package that implements the application independent layer and SHOB, one of the packages that can be developed on top of DVSA. SHOB defines a weak consistency memory model where the user controls the amount of inconsistency due to caching and prefetching. The model is well suitable to implement iterative numerical algorithms. Experimental results of the methodology are presented in the case of a uniform multi-grid method to solve partial differential equations.
Recent developments towards novel high performance computing and communications solutions for smart distribution network operation

Information and data communications technology will be crucial to the operation of future electricity distribution networks. This will be mainly driven by the need to process and analyze increasing volumes of data produced by smart meters from residential and commercial customers, sensors monitoring the condition of network assets, distributed generation, and responsive loads. Complexity is further introduced as these diverse data-streams will be gathered at different rates and analyzed for different purposes such as near-to-real-time system state estimation and life-cycle condition monitoring analysis. However, the nature of active networks dictates that all relevant information will need to be exploited within the same operational framework. We are developing novel Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and high performance computing tools and techniques to enable near-to-real-time state estimation across large-scale distribution networks whilst concurrently supporting on the same computational infrastructure condition monitoring of network assets and advanced network restoration solutions. These platforms are promoting and supporting the emergence of new distribution network management systems, with inherent security and intelligent communications, for smart distribution network operation and management. We propose cost-effective scalable ICT solutions and initial investigation of realistic distribution network data traffic and management scenarios involving state estimation. Furthermore, we review the prospects for off-line trials of our proposed solutions in three different countries.
Matching shapes

We present a novel approach to measuring similarity between shapes and exploit it for object recognition. In our framework, the measurement of similarity is preceded by (1) solving for correspondences between points on the two shapes, (2) using the correspondences to estimate an aligning transform. In order to solve the correspondence problem, we attach a descriptor, the shape context, to each point. The shape context at a reference point captures the distribution of the remaining points relative to it, thus offering a globally discriminative characterization. Corresponding points on two similar shapes will have similar shape contexts, enabling us to solve for correspondences as an optimal assignment problem. Given the point correspondences, we estimate the transformation that best aligns the two shapes; regularized thin-plate splines provide a flexible class of transformation maps for this purpose. Dis-similarity between two shapes is computed as a sum of matching errors between corresponding points, together with a term measuring the magnitude of the aligning transform. We treat recognition in a nearest-neighbor classification framework. Results are presented for silhouettes, trademarks, handwritten digits and the COIL dataset.
An Unusual Role for doublesex in Sex Determination in the Dipteran Sciara

The gene doublesex, which is placed at the bottom of the sex-determination gene cascade, plays the ultimate discriminatory role for sex determination in insects. In all insects where this gene has been characterized, the dsx premessenger RNA (pre-mRNA) follows a sex-specific splicing pattern, producing male- and female-specific mRNAs encoding the male-DSXM and female-DSXF proteins, which determine male and female development, respectively. This article reports the isolation and characterization of the gene doublesex of dipteran Sciara insects. The Sciara doublesex gene is constitutively transcribed during development and adult life of males and females. Sciara had no sex-specific doublesex mRNAs but the same transcripts, produced by alternative splicing of its primary transcript, were present in both sexes, although their relative abundance is sex specific. However, only the female DSXF protein, but not the male DSXM protein, was produced at similar amounts in both sexes. An analysis of the expression of female and male Sciara DSX proteins in Drosophila showed that these proteins conserved female and male function, respectively, on the control of Drosophila yolk-protein genes. The molecular evolution of gene doublesex of all insects where this gene has been characterized revealed that Sciara doublesex displays a considerable degree of divergence in its molecular organization and its splicing pattern with respect to the rest of dipterans as suggested by its basal position within the doublesex phylogeny. It is suggested that the doublesex gene is involved in Sciara sex determination although it appears not to play the discriminatory role performed in other insects.
Development and psychometric evaluation of a clinical beliefs questionnaire for licensed psychologists

In recent decades, a specific class of dubious clinical practices has been labeled pseudoscientific and highlighted as a growing area of concern in psychology. Experts have identified numerous examples of pseudoscientific treatments, which are troubling for various ethical reasons. In light of the absence of research investigating the nature of professional beliefs and knowledge associated with scientifically substantiated and unsubstantiated clinical interventions, the primary objective of this study was to develop a questionnaire (viz., the Clinical Attitudes and Knowledge Questionnaire, or CAKQ) to appraise specific clinical knowledge domains and attitudes toward science among licensed, doctoral-level practitioners of clinical psychology. This aim was pursued through generating items designed to detect the presence of knowledge pertaining to (a) legitimate and questionable treatment techniques used in contemporary clinical practice; (b) general clinical psychology research (e.g., controversies relevant to applied practice); and (c) clinical judgment and decisionmaking procedures. A preliminary scale consisting of items addressing practitioner attitudes toward science in clinical psychology was also created. A secondary study aim was to ascertain whether psychologists’ professed knowledge varied in relation to years involved in clinical practice. Two thousand randomly selected licensed psychologists in New England engaged in clinical practice were invited to participate in the study, and the final sample size was 324 participants. Statistical analyses indicated that the initial hypotheses were partially supported. The hypothesis that a four-component solution would best summarize the CAKQ data was not supported by principal components analysis results. However, the hypothesized relationship between clinical knowledge and critical thinking skills was partially supported. Consistent with expectations, a lower reliance on intuitive thinking styles was associated with greater clinical knowledge. Finally, the hypothesis that total number of years of clinical experience would not predict higher clinical knowledge scores was also upheld. Study limitations and future research directions were discussed.
Superstring in the pp-Wave Background with RR Flux as a Conformal Field Theory(30 Years of Mathematical Methods in High Energy Physics-In Honor of Professor Tohru Eguchi's 60th Birthday-)

We provide a concise description of our recent work on the exact conformal ﬁeld theory (CFT) formulation of the superstring in the pp -wave background with Ramond-Ramond (RR) ﬂux, using the Green-Schwarz formalism in the semi-light-cone conformal gauge. Due to the presence of the RR ﬂux, the left- and the right-moving degrees of freedom on the worldsheet are inherently coupled and this makes the canonical analysis intractable even at the classical level. To overcome this diﬃculty, we develop a phase-space formulation which does not make use of the equations of motion, and construct two independent sets of Virasoro generators classically. Upon quantization, due to the presence of the RR ﬂux, the Virasoro algebra generically develops quantum operator anomalies and only with a judicious choice of normal ordering prescription they cancel between the bosonic and the fermionic contributions. With such properly deﬁned quantum Virasoro generators, one can construct the BRST operators and demonstrate that the BRST cohomology analysis reproduces the physical spectrum previously obtained in the light-cone gauge.
Automatic Synthesis of Extended Burst-mode Circuits: Part Ii (automatic Synthesis)

— We introduce a new design style called extended burst-mode. The extended burst-mode design style covers a wide spectrum of sequential circuits ranging from delay-insensitive to synchronous. We can synthesize multiple-input change asynchronous finite state machines, and many circuits that fall in the gray area (hard to classify as synchronous or asyn-chronous) which are difficult or impossible to synthesize automatically using existing methods. Our implementation of extended burst-mode machines uses standard CMOS logic, generates low-latency outputs, and guarantees freedom from hazards at the gate level. In Part II, we present a complete set of automated sequential synthesis algorithms: hazard-free state assignment, hazard-free state minimization, and critical-race-free state encoding. Experimental data from a large set of examples are presented and compared to competing methods, whenever possible.
Peer-to-peer information systems: concepts and models, state-of-the-art, and future systems

The limitations of client/server systems become evident in an Internet-scale distributed environment. P2P systems offer an alternative to traditional client/server systems: Every node acts both as a client and a server and "pays" its participation by providing access to its computing resources. Systems such as Napster and Gnutella have proven their practical applicability. In this tutorial we position the P2P paradigm in the design space of distributed information systems, present underlying models and concepts, and show the structure, protocols, and algorithms of current systems. Then we elaborate on the novel requirements for P2P algorithms (resource discovery, complexity, and scalability) and present future research areas.
Elastic password authentication scheme using the Passcell-based virtual scroll wheel

User authentication such as password setting has become increasingly important for the secure management of the information stored in mobile devices. However, in the password authentication schemes used in mobile devices, enhancing security reduces their usability, and passwords become hard to memorize. In addition, enhancing their usability makes them vulnerable to shoulder-surfing or recording attacks involving stealing a glance at the authentication process through the system interface. In this paper, we propose a password authentication scheme that uses a virtual scroll wheel, called WheelLock, to ensure appropriate usability and prevent brute force, shoulder-surfing, and recording attacks.
Comparison of Metric Spectral Gaps

Abstract Let A = (aij) ∊ Mn(ℝ) be an n by n symmetric stochastic matrix. For p ∊ [1, ∞) and a metric space (X, dX), let γ(A, dpx) be the infimum over those γ ∊ (0,∞] for which every x1, . . . , xn ∊ X satisfy Thus γ (A, dpx) measures the magnitude of the nonlinear spectral gap of the matrix A with respect to the kernel dpX : X × X →[0,∞). We study pairs of metric spaces (X, dX) and (Y, dY ) for which there exists Ψ: (0,∞)→(0,∞) such that γ (A, dpX) ≤Ψ (A, dpY ) for every symmetric stochastic A ∊ Mn(ℝ) with (A, dpY ) < ∞. When Ψ is linear a complete geometric characterization is obtained. Our estimates on nonlinear spectral gaps yield new embeddability results as well as new nonembeddability results. For example, it is shown that if n ∊ ℕ and p ∊ (2,∞) then for every f1, . , fn ∊ Lp there exist x1, . , xn ∊ L2 such that and This statement is impossible for p ∊ [1, 2), and the asymptotic dependence on p in (0.1) is sharp. We also obtain the best known lower bound on the Lp distortion of Ramanujan graphs, improving over the work of Matoušek. Links to Bourgain-Milman-Wolfson type and a conjectural nonlinear Maurey-Pisier theorem are studied.
Recurrent neural networks and filters adaptation with stability control

Recurrent Neural Networks and linear Recursive Filters can be adapted on-line but sometimes with instability problems. Stability control techniques exist for the linear case but they are either computationally expensive or non-robust. For the nonlinear case, stability control is simply never done. This paper presents a new stability control method for ITR adaptive filters that makes possible to continually adapt the coefficients with no need of stability test or poles projection. This method can be applied to various realizations: direct forms, cascade or parallel of second order sections, lattice form. It can be implemented to adapt a simple ER adaptive filter or a locally recurrent neural network such as the LR-MLP with improved performance over other techniques and over not controlling the stability.