Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Motion Detection Telemetry Radio Using LoRa

A technology known as radio telemetry allows the transmission of data or information over radio channels without the need for a physical connection. Motion detection devices for surveillance. The purpose of this research is to create and implement a motion detection radio telemetry system that uses Long Range (LoRa) technology. LoRa is a long-range wireless communication technology that allows sending data over considerable distances without usingmuch power. By using LoRa technology, this system can be placed in areas that are difficult to reach by cellular networks. Some of the critical components of the designed system include motion detection sensors, microcontrollers thatfunction as data processing engines, and LoRa modules that function as data transmission media. The motion detection sensor detects movement around the target. The sensor sendsdata to the microcontroller for processing after detecting motion. The microcontroller then processes the data from thesensor and sends it through the LoRa module to the receivingnode connected to the network. Both nodes and microcontrollers can serve as data collection centers andprovide notifications if suspicious movement is detected. Motion Detection Radio Telemetry Systems using LoRa managed to achieve a satisfactory range while using power efficiently during tests. This research shows that LoRa technology can help improve monitoring and surveillance in various places, especially in remote or difficult to access places.
Interleaved AC/DC Converter Operating with ZVS Sinusoidal Triangular-Current-Mode (S-TCM) for Reduced Voltage Harmonics Generation

The sinusoidal Triangular-Current-Mode (S-TCM) method has been proposed in the AC/DC power-factor-correction (PFC) converter to achieve the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) which can lead to both, high efficiency operation and a high power density design. Nevertheless, the necessary wide range variation of the sinusoidal switching frequency profile imposed by the S-TCM results in a larger generated voltage harmonic peak due to the overlapping between different order carrier-frequency harmonics. In this work, the S-TCM is used in the interleaved 2-level converter to minimize the undesirable effects of such overlapped voltage harmonics while maintaining ZVS via S-TCM. Meanwhile, the necessity of coupled inductors (CIs) in the interleaved topology is avoided by implementing the S-TCM. Both simulation and experimental tests conducted in a 3.3 kW interleaved 2-level converter system are used to verify the study.
An Improved One-Dimensional Space Vector Modulation for Three-Phase Five-Level Cascaded H-Bridge Inverters

This paper proposes an improved one-dimensional space vector modulation (ODSVM) strategy for a three-phase five-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter. In the improved ODSVM, the voltage vectors with a common-mode voltage (CMV) of ±2Vdc/3 are replaced by their redundant vectors, and high-frequency switching events are implemented in a rotating manner. As a result, CMV attenuation and optimal line-to-line voltage harmonic spectrum are achieved for the five-level CHB inverter, surpassing the traditional phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PS-PWM) method and the traditional ODSVM scheme. Additionally, power balance among power semiconductor devices and power loss reduction are achieved, leading to efficiency improvement. Furthermore, the improved ODSVM eliminates the need for dead-time. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved ODSVM is validated through simulation and experimental results. Compared to the traditional PS-PWM method and the traditional ODSVM strategy, the improved ODSVM scheme restricts CMV to the range of Vdc/3 without sacrificing the harmonic spectrum of the line-to-line voltage. Moreover, the improved modulation method reduces power loss by approximately 30% and the line-to-line voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) by approximately 33%. Notably, the THD of the load current using the improved ODSVM is minimally affected by dead-time presence.
Design of A High-Efficiency 13.56 MHz Multi-Coil Wireless Power Transfer System

Multi-coil wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has been widely introduced and developed over the past few years. Nevertheless, the multi-coil WPT systems working at Megahertz (MHz) are still in a very limited development scope. This paper employs class-EF mode for the primary coil driver and the rectifier of the MHz three-coil WPT systems. Design approach is developed to achieve high power-transmission efficiency and extended transfer distance simultaneously for WPT systems with a weak coil coupling and desired output voltage. A prototype of 13.56 MHz three-coil WPT system is designed and tested. In the measurement, 73.7 % power-transmission efficiency is obtained. Meanwhile, the measured results are well consistent with calculated predictions, which shows the feasibility and validity of the proposed topological scheme and design approach for the MHz multi-coil WPT systems.
A Novel Converter-level Online Junction Temperature Estimating Method for SiC MOSFETs Based on Bus Current Overshoot

Online junction temperature estimating method is important for SiC converter operational reliability. Conventional online junction temperature estimating methods focus on the device level, leading to many problems, such as high cost and the difficulty in the integration. To deal with these challenges, a converter level online junction temperature estimating for SiC MOSFETs is proposed. First, the DC bus current overshoot is used as a junction temperature indicator. DC bus current overshoot is corresponding to the drain source turn on current overshoot. Previously, the drain source turn on current overshoot has served as a high-sensitivity junction temperature indicator. The relationship between these two parameters is analyzed, based on the state switching of an inverter with SVPWM. Second, a converter level online junction temperature estimating strategy is proposed. In every commutating transient leaving zero states, junction temperature of the corresponding SiC MOSFET can be estimated. In one power frequency period, junction temperature of all the switching devices can be evaluated. Finally, the proposed method is verified by experiments. The estimating error is within two degrees, which is robust to the operating conditions. The cost and difficulty for integration are reduced. The proposed method is more feasible for industrial applications.
Intrusion Detection Systems Based on Machine Learning Using Feature Expansion Methods

With the development of computer networks, the amount of network traffic is explosively increasing. In addition, the importance of cyber security is being highlighted as cyber threats increase accordingly. In general, rule-based detection approaches have been used to detect cyber threats. The detection rules used in these are broadly set up to reliably detect cyber threats, resulting in too many unnecessary events. This leads to unanalyzed events, which can lead to severe security incidents. To solve this problem, recently, researches on AI-based cyber threat detection system that learns network traffic information and automatically generates detection rules are being conducted. Most of them have used complex model with sophisticated structures or feature engineering techniques so that AI models can learn as much information as possible. But, these are difficult to use in real-world security monitoring environment where quick decisions need to be made in real time, and are not suitable for that environments because they have been trained and verified through only open datasets. In this paper, we propose an AI-based cyber threat detection system that efficiently learns security event characteristics without any complicated process using tree-based model which efficient to learning tabular data. The proposed system detects cyber threats by learning security event characteristics using only information provided from security devices without complicated feature extraction process. In addition, rather than using the used information as a simple value, the value is transformed through a simple process so that the model can learn the event characteristics more effectively. Using the simplicity of the proposed method, it is expected that it can be applied to the real-world environments, and the possibility of this is demonstrated through real-world data.
Spline based particle swarm optimization of a synchronous reluctance machine rotor

Increasing access to advanced computing techniques is opening opportunities to incorporate automated design methods to the optimization of electrical machines. Common to many topology optimisation approaches is a long simulation time and to address this, conventional methods constrict the design domain. This paper considers a particle swarm optimization with a novel Bezier curve approach to explore the design space without priori assumption, reducing the degrees of freedom of the problem without restricting the design domain providing opportunities for further improvement. Results show successful validation of the technique by comparison to an analytical solution and convergence towards a synchronous reluctance machine when torque and air-gap flux densities are considered in the cost function. The methodology is demonstrated to be able to tackle the multi-objective non-linear problem of the reluctance rotor, in successfully generating low torque ripple designs. Further work is proposed to implement multiple internal features and advanced computing methods to better explore the design space in a reduced time with the aim of generating designs that can compete with conventional methods.
A Power Ramp Rate Control Strategy with Reduced Energy Storage Utilization for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

Fluctuations in photovoltaic (PV) power generation are inevitable due to intermittent irradiance transients. These power fluctuations, when injected into the grid in grid-connected PV systems, can have a negative impact on grid stability. This issue becomes more prominent in grids with high PV penetration. Therefore, this article proposes a hybrid power ramp rate control (PRRC) strategy that mitigates the fluctuating PV power at the dc-side before transmitting it to the grid during positive and negative irradiance changes. The proposed hybrid PRRC aims to reduce the energy storage system (ESS) utilization and its required capacity by employing a flexible power point tracking control, which limits the increment in PV power generation during positive irradiance fluctuations. A supercapacitor (SC)-based ESS is only used to smoothen the power reductions during negative irradiance fluctuations, and the SC state-of-charge is regulated afterwards to prevent saturation. The transient performance and efficacy of the proposed hybrid PRRC are investigated using simulations in MATLAB/Simulink.
An Island Partition Method Based on Modified Binary PSO for New Distribution Network

As new energy sources are increasingly widely accessed in active distribution networks (ADN). The high intermittency and uncertainty of its new energy power generation pose new challenges to the safe and stable restoration of power supply after the failure of the active distribution network. Therefore, This paper proposes a new method for island partition problem of new distribution networks. A model based on graph theory is established. A modified binary particle swarm optimization is used to find the optimal solution of the island partition problem, and for the purpose of quickly converging, a precoding process is added before the optimization process. An example analysis based on the US PG&E69 node distribution network system is done. The example analysis shows that this paper’s method has good stability and efficiency.
Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Wireless Geophone Networks with Adaptive Clustering and Master Node Selection

Traditionally, cable-based systems have been used for geophysical surveys for oil and gas exploration. These systems are highly reliable in terms of data transmission speed, but they face weaknesses in procurement and maintenance. Recent research has introduced wireless networks as a potential solution to address these weaknesses, but to fully overcome the limitations of the current system, an energy-efficient architecture is necessary. The Adaptive Clustering Wireless Geophone (ACWG) has been studied as an energy-efficient solution, focusing on selecting the master geophone with the highest power in each group during transmission. Evaluation results demonstrate that the implementation of adaptive clustering energy efficiency modeling on wireless geophones leads to more efficient energy consumption. With 15.6 iterations and 140249.25 J of energy, the adaptive clustering approach outperforms non-adaptive clustering geophones that achieved only 10.7 iterations and consumed 160192.6 J of energy. Moreover, the ACWG model extends the lifespan of the WG node by 50% while reducing energy consumption by 8.03% compared to non-adaptive clustering geophones. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the ACWG architecture in enhancing energy efficiency and optimizing performance in wireless geophone systems for oil and gas exploration.
Multi-unmanned Surface Vehicle Cruise Trajectory Design Based on Distributed Optimization

To address the problem of reference trajectory design for unmanned surface vessels(USV s) cruising, this paper proposes a solution based on a distributed time-varying collision-free optimization algorithm that generates optimal trajectory routes and achieves collision avoidance. First, for a distributed multi-USV system, a time-varying local cost function of its own is designed for each USV in the system. Second, a distributed optimization algorithm is proposed to generate a reference trajectory for the multi-USV system. Then, the feasibility of the algorithm is demonstrated by Lyapunov's stability analysis. Fi-nally, the effectiveness and practicality of the method in the USV cruising process are verified through simulation experiments. It ensures that the multi-USV can safely and efficiently complete the cruising task during the cruising process, and provides an effective solution to the problem of USV cruising reference trajectory design.
Bistatic Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging of Automotive Targets at Millimeter Frequencies

High-resolution inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images of road vehicles at millimeter wave frequencies provide useful information regarding the size, shape, number of wheels, and nature of the target trajectory. They are thus effective features for target classification. However, in some geometrically adverse scenarios, it may not be possible to generate ISAR images in monostatic radar conditions. Here, bistatic ISAR images generated from well separated transmitting and receiving antennas may overcome the limitations of the monostatic geometry or supplement the information obtained from monostatic radar. In this paper, we present the bistatic ISAR radar images of a car from multiple orientations and aspects. The radar data are gathered from simulations using computer-animated design models of the car along a turning trajectory. Electromagnetic modeling of the radar scattering combines a point scatterer model of the extended automotive target along with shadowing based on ray tracing.
Importance Differentiation Based Coordinated Anti-Jamming Strategy Optimization for Frequency Agile Radar

In modern electronic warfare, it is very important to develop smart multi-radar cooperative anti-jamming methods. However, the complexity of the environment and the limitation of radar resources make it very difficult to ensure the anti-jamming performance of all radars. Motivated by the problem, in this paper, a cooperative anti-jamming strategy optimization method based on importance difference is proposed in the scenario of multi-radar and multi-jammer antagonism. To describe the sequential radar anti-jamming decision-making process, a detailed Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) model is formulated. Especially, we define importance factor to measure the importance level between radars. Based on the importance factor, the unique reward function is designed to be the weighted sum of the smart radar’s anti-jamming performance and other radars’ performance. Smart radar can guide other radars to achieve the purpose of cooperating anti-jamming or deceiving jammers. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Utilizing Energy Storage System for Three-Level Voltage Balancing Mechanism in Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Station

The growing demand for electric vehicles necessitates the expansion of charging infrastructure. This paper introduces a three-level voltage Fast Charging Station architecture using a Neutral-Point-Clamped Converter, offering higher power and efficiency compared to traditional converters. However, the Converter faces voltage imbalances due to neutral-point potential drift, potentially damaging the converter. To address this, this paper employ Voltage-Oriented Control and Space Vector Modulation for power redistribution. Nonetheless, the modulation stage alone cannot handle extreme uneven load. Therefore, the paper also proposes a balancing mechanism that uses any existing energy storage system to act as a load to drain the minimum amount of current from the less congested bus to maintain the power ratio between the upper and lower bus. This method eliminates any additional balancing circuit and thus reduces the fast-charging station equipment and cost.
A comparison study on the performance of different MPPT control strategies in DC microgrids with photovoltaic systems

The output power of photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems in the microgrid is susceptible to changes in temperature and solar irradiance during real operations. To achieve the maximum power output of the PV array, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) has been widely performed. To verify the reliability and stability of different MPPT algorithms in DC microgrids with PV systems, this paper compares three MPPT algorithms (perturb and observe algorithm, fuzzy logical control, and cuckoo search algorithm) through simulation studies. The simulation results demonstrate that the fuzzy logical control algorithm (FLC) tracks the maximum power point with faster convergence, while the cuckoo search algorithm (CS) has smaller power ripples in the steady state.
High Efficiency, High Power Density 10kW Flying Capacitor Converter Based on 650V GaN for 800V EV Applications

In this paper, a high-efficiency and high-density 800V, 10 kW three-level flying capacitor multilevel (FCML) converter with 650V GaN devices is analyzed, designed, and tested. Several modern publications in high-density FCML concentrate on using a large number of levels. Despite the benefits of using many more levels, they add to the design complexity and cost of the converter. However, three-level FCML, which has lower complexity of design as well as control and consists of fewer switches is not studied enough for high-efficiency and high-power-density converters. To fill the gap, this paper intends to present a high-efficiency and high-power-density 800V all-GaN FCML. Also, since the inductor of the FCML is one of the bulky and dissipative components in the circuit, an optimized matrix-inductor is presented. The designed converter is tested to 10kw and achieved a peak efficiency of 98.9 % and power density of 271.2 W/in3(16.54 kW/L) including the fan and heatsink.
Bi-level Homogeneous Dispatching of Power System Considering Unified Power Flow Controller

The uniformity of grid operation is an important metric to evaluate the available transmission capacity and operational safety of the system. To address the problem that the conventional safe uniform dispatch cannot satisfy the economy and balance at the same time, a bi-level homogeneous dispatch model of the grid with unified power flow controller (UPFC) is proposed, on which a linearized optimal power flow (OPF) model is used to preserve the node voltage magnitude and line reactive power while ensuring the calculation speed. The results of UPFC optimization are solved by particle swarm algorithm combined with Gurobi solver, and the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by the analysis of IEEE 30-node system.
Research on Polygonal Harmonic Impedance Boundary Model for AC System and Resonant Impedance Calculation Method

With the large-scale power electronic devices connected to the grid, the harmonic problem has become an important concern for the power system. The sector impedance or circular impedance boundary in traditional power system will increase the range of AC system harmonic impedance, polygonal impedance has become new choice for harmonic impedance boundary construction, but the method of polygonal harmonic impedance construction is not clear. In this paper, the construction methods of different polygonal harmonic impedance are studied, the different impedance construction and the influence on harmonic evaluation are compared, polygonal impedance construction method based on the sector boundary and resonant impedance calculation method are proposed. The polygonal harmonic impedance construction method proposed in this paper can be used more accurately for harmonic evaluation and reduce the capacity of filter devices, which is great significance for harmonic management of AC power grids.
An Inductorless Direct-injection Power Control Circuit for the Distribution Grid

This paper presents an inductorless direct-injection power flow and quality control topology. The circuit removes any bulky low-frequency transformer and includes a shunt active front end and high-frequency links that powers a series floating module per phase. These floating modules are connected in series with each phase and omit any ground connection, thereby only dealing with a small portion of the voltage difference. Unlike other low-voltage power controllers with full converters, the direct-injection circuit presented here does not need to handle full power, which allows for the utilization of low-voltage high-current GaN transistors. As a result, high-frequency switching can be adopted, and the conventional filtering inductor in series can be replaced by parasitic inductance naturally occurring between cables. Overall, the circuit is exceptionally small and compact by employing low-power components and omitting line transformers and inductors.
Diagnosis and FTC : descriptor approach

In this paper we propose an approach of fault diagnosis and identification (FDI) and fault tolerant control(FTC) applied for time-delay continuous linear systems. To estimate the sensors faults descriptor approach is investigated. This method consists in augmenting the state system by considering the fault as an auxiliary state. The used observer can simultaneously estimate both the state system and sensors faults. The observer gains are then determined according to Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) technique. For fault tolerant control we present two control strategies which stabilize the system not only in free-fault case, but also in the fault occurrence. The first one consists in determine the state-feedback gain and the second one is based on the static output-feedback control. A numerical example is proposed to demonstrate the effectiveness and the merit of the given design.
Direct Time Domain Calculation of Near Field of Dipole Antenna in the Presence of a Half-Space

The paper deals with a direct time domain calculation of the electric field in the close vicinity of dipole antenna radiating above a half-space. Formulation is based on the space-time dependent Hallen integral equation, while the electric field is obtained from the corresponding integral formulas. The numerical procedures stem from boundary element formalism. Some illustrative numerical results pertaining to the case of perfectly conducting (PEC) ground and dielectric half-space, respectively, are given in the paper