Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research of the Best Repair Path Based on an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization in Power Communication Network

A new algorithm for the best repair path of power distribution network is presented. The algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach, which is a new general-purpose meta-heuristic algorithm and has been demonstrated to be effective in solving hard combinatorial optimization problems. In this paper, PSO algorithm is improved in two parts of the parameter inertia weight and the discrete idea is added to, so that it can easily run out the local optimum and provide high speed of convergence as well as for the proposed application. The mathematical model of the best repair path of power distribution network is established which takes the shortest travel time as object and the solution algorithm is developed based on the mathematical model. The feasibility and efficiency of the algorithm are verified by the result of applying it to a sample system. (6 pages)
Solving traveling salesman problem on cluster compute nodes

In this paper, we present a parallel implementation of a solution for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). TSP is the problem of finding the shortest path from point A to point B, given a set of points and passing through each point exactly once. Initially a sequential algorithm is fabricated from scratch and written in C language. The sequential algorithm is then converted into a parallel algorithm by integrating it with the Message Passing Interface (MPI) libraries so that it can be executed on a cluster computer. Our main aim by creating the parallel algorithm is to accelerate the execution time of solving TSP. Experimental results conducted on Beowulf cluster are presented to demonstrate the viability of our work as well as the efficiency of the parallel algorithm.
The relative abundances of ellipticals and starbursts among the extremely red galaxies

We present J-band observations of a complete sample of 57 red galaxies selected to have K' 5.3. We use a prescription based on the R - K and J - K colours, to separate the two dominant populations, old ellipticals and dusty starbursts. We find that both populations are present in the current sample and have similar abundances, and discuss the uncertainties in this result. Galactic stars comprise about 9 per cent of the objects. The starburst galaxies of the present sample are found to give a contribution to the cosmic star formation density similar to the Lyman-break galaxies.
A Cross-Cultural Study of intrusiveness and fluency effects of Web Ads

Advertising online has increasingly become an important marketing strategy. Along with the rising ad dollars invested on the web, marketers have also devised more powerful ad delivery tactics to garner online consumers' attention. These powerful online advertising tactics may result in intrusiveness perceptions and processing fluency effects. As Westerners tend to focus on the focal object whereas East Asians tend to pay attention to the focal object and contextual background simultaneously when processing a visual scene, East Asians' and Westerners' culturally divergent visual processing styles would lead them to develop varying intrusiveness perceptions and experience differential processing fluency when exposed to web ads. Specifically, we propose that when a web ad's visibility increases, Westerners will perceive it to be more intrusive than East Asians and East Asians will be more likely to experience perceptual and conceptual fluency to choose a product that is perceptually related to the web ad than Westerners. Designs of the experiment testing the propositions are discussed.
Security evaluation of substation network architectures

In recent years, security of industrial control systems has been the main research focus due to the potential cyber-attacks that can impact the physical operations. As a result of these risks, there has been an urgent need to establish a stronger security protection against these threats. Conventional firewalls with stateful rules can be implemented in the critical cyberinfrastructure environment which might require constant updates. Despite the ongoing effort to maintain the rules, the protection mechanism does not restrict malicious data flows and it poses the greater risk of potential intrusion occurrence. The contributions of this thesis are motivated by the aforementioned issues which include a systematic investigation of attack-related scenarios within a substation network in a reliable sense. The proposed work is two-fold: (i) system architecture evaluation and (ii) construction of attack tree for a substation network. Cyber-system reliability remains one of the important factors in determining the system bottleneck for investment planning and maintenance. It determines the longevity of the system operational period with or without any disruption. First, a complete enumeration of existing implementation is exhaustively identified with existing communication architectures (bidirectional) and new ones with strictly unidirectional. A detailed modeling of the extended 10 system architectures has been evaluated. Next, attack tree modeling for potential substation threats is formulated. This quantifies the potential risks for possible attack scenarios within a network or from the external networks. The analytical models proposed in this thesis can serve as a fundamental development that can be further researched.
A hybrid approach to protein differential expression in mass spectrometry-based proteomics

MOTIVATION Quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics involves statistical inference on protein abundance, based on the intensities of each protein's associated spectral peaks. However, typical MS-based proteomics datasets have substantial proportions of missing observations, due at least in part to censoring of low intensities. This complicates intensity-based differential expression analysis. RESULTS We outline a statistical method for protein differential expression, based on a simple Binomial likelihood. By modeling peak intensities as binary, in terms of 'presence/absence,' we enable the selection of proteins not typically amenable to quantitative analysis; e.g. 'one-state' proteins that are present in one condition but absent in another. In addition, we present an analysis protocol that combines quantitative and presence/absence analysis of a given dataset in a principled way, resulting in a single list of selected proteins with a single-associated false discovery rate. AVAILABILITY All R code available here: http://www.stat.tamu.edu/~adabney/share/xuan_code. zip.
Identiﬁcation and Characterization of PWWP Domain Residues Critical for LEDGF/p75 Chromatin Binding and Human Immunodeﬁciency Virus Type 1 Infectivity (cid:1)

Lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF)/p75 functions as a bimodal tether during lentiviral DNA integration: its C-terminal integrase-binding domain interacts with the viral preintegration complex, whereas the N-terminal PWWP domain can bind to cellular chromatin. The molecular basis for the integrase-LEDGF/ p75 interaction is understood, while the mechanism of chromatin binding is unknown. The PWWP domain is homologous to other protein interaction modules that together comprise the Tudor clan. Based on primary amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structural similarities, 24 residues of the LEDGF/p75 PWWP domain were mutagenized to garner essential details of its function during human immunodeﬁciency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Mutating either Trp-21 or Ala-51, which line the inner wall of a hydrophobic cavity that is common to Tudor clan members, disrupts chromatin binding and virus infectivity. Consistent with a role for chromatin-associated LEDGF/p75 in stimulating integrase activity during infection, recombinant W21A protein is preferentially defective for enhancing integration into chromatinized target DNA in vitro. The A51P mutation corresponds to the S270P change in DNA methyltransferase 3B that causes human immunodeﬁciency, centromeric instability, and facial anomaly syndrome, revealing a critical role for this amino acid position in the chromatin binding functions of varied PWWP domains. Our results furthermore highlight the requirement for a conserved Glu in the hydrophobic core that mediates interactions between other Tudor clan members and their substrates. This initial systematic mutagenesis of a PWWP domain identiﬁes amino acid residues critical for chromatin binding function and the consequences of their changes on HIV-1 integration and infection. The of each was deter- mined by a analyzed Western blotting anti-HA The results were quantiﬁed by using a GST-PWWP/W21A and GST-PWWP/A51P on Hi-Trap heparin columns (GE Healthcare) prior to gel ﬁltration chromatography increased the purity of these ﬁnal preparations to the same level ( (cid:10) 90% as assessed by Coomassie blue staining) as the other GST- PWWP proteins. His-tagged HIV-1 integrase was expressed and puriﬁed from a soluble E. coli extract as described previously (1). In vitro integration and chromatin and DNA binding assays. LEDGF/p75-dependent integration assays using naked target DNA or matched chromatinized templates were performed as described previously (1). Reaction product formation was quantiﬁed by real-time PCR as described therein. Radiolabeled DNA and polynucleosome (PN) binding to wild-type and mutant GST-PWWP domain fusion proteins performed
Differentiation and enrichment of expandable chondrogenic cells from human embryonic stem cells in vitro

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are considered as useful tools for pre‐clinical studies in regenerative medicine. Although previous reports have shown direct chondrogenic differentiation of mouse and hESCs, low yield and cellular heterogenicity of the resulting cell population impairs the generation of sufficient numbers of differentiated cells for further testing and applications. Based on our previously established high‐density micromass model system to study hESC chondrogenesis, we evaluated the effects of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 and bone morphogenetic protein‐2 on early stages of chondrogenic differentiation and commitment by hESCs. Significant chondrogenic induction of hESCs, as determined by quantitative measurements of cartilage‐related gene expression and matrix protein synthesis, was achieved in the presence of TGF‐β1. By means of selective growth factor combination (TGF‐β1, FGF‐2 and platelet‐derived growth factor‐bb) and plating on extracellular matrix substratum, we report here the reproducible isolation of a highly expandable, homogenous and unipotent chondrogenic cell population, TC1, from chondrogenically committed hESCs. Like primary chondrocytes, TC1 rapidly dedifferentiates upon isolation and monolayer expansion but retains the chondrogenic differentiation potential and responds to TGF‐β1 for cartilaginous tissue formation both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, TC1 displays a somatic cell cycle kinetics, a normal karyotype and does not produce teratoma in vivo. Thus, TC1 may provide a potential source of chondrogenic cells for drug testing, gene therapy and cell‐based therapy.
Why are Some Agencies Perceived as more Committed to Diversity than Others? An analysis of public-sector diversity climates

Abstract Positive diversity climates are associated with an array of benefits for public organizations. However, it is not clear why some agencies are perceived as more committed to diversity than others. This paper hypothesizes about how group and management characteristics, social identities, and procedural justice may shape perceptions of diversity climate. It then tests these expectations using cross-sectional data drawn from the US federal workforce. It shows that employees’ social identities and perceptions of procedural justice were strong predictors of perceptions of diversity climate. There was less evidence that the representativeness of management and personnel diversity were related to diversity climate.
The Gender Gap in Academic Achievements of Italian Graduates

We analyse the academic performance of Italian students who graduated in 2004, and their occupational status and earnings in 2007. We find that the educational and occupational performances of male and female students do differ: girls outperform boys in academic achievement, but male graduates outperform female graduates in labour market outcomes. One could wonder why female students put more effort into educational performance than male students, given that they will receive lower wages. We find a rationale for this choice in the higher marginal return that female students gain from their higher grades. We address our empirical analysis to four points: first, we show that, for the most part, the difference in educational performance is explained by the diversity in unobserved characteristics between male and female students. Second, we provide empirical evidence that the amount of effort supplied is the key determinant of the unobserved characteristics. Third, we argue that female students study hardly because they gain a higher marginal return from success in educational competition. Fourth, as this finding may be consistent with both human capital and sorting models of education, we test the hypothesis that female students use their higher grades to signal their ability to potential employers.
Transportation Impact Statement (TIS)—A New Tool for Transportation and Land-Use Planning

The authors advance a new approach to transportation and land-use planning: the transportation impact statement (TIS). Current planning practice suffers from a lack of understanding of and adequate tools to evaluate the complex relationships that exist between land use and transportation. Consequently, land-use development frequently overloads the transportation system. A TIS exposes the complex interdependencies with a multimodal and regional assessment of the impact of land-use development on the transportation system. The authors offer a theoretical background for this new approach and an empirical illustration of its potential use through a case study based on the city of Haifa in Israel. The objective of the study is to investigate the local and regional transport-related impacts of proposed land developments, thus improving the planning decisionmaking process. The impact of the proposed land developments on the transportation system was studied utilizing several transportation scenarios, including travel-demand management (TDM) strategies, using the metropolitan database and travel-demand modeling systems. The results show that the total number of trips generated by the proposed land developments is by far inconsistent with the capacity of the transportation network to accommodate all the forecasted demands under all transport scenarios. These results have a number of implications. First, TIS clearly improves our understanding of the impact of land development on the transportation system, and thus it should be utilized in decisionmaking regarding land-development strategy. Second, TIS stresses the importance of transit and TDM strategies as mitigation measures in the planning process. Third, TIS illustrates the need for a wider (that is, not site-related) planning perspective—including setting overall metropolitan goals and objectives.
European Transport Policy and Sustainable Mobility

1.Introduction. Section 1: Taking Stock of the European Transport Policy Context 2.Forces of Change in the Transport Sector. 3.European Transport Trends. 4.European Transport Policy Responses. 5.Impacts on Sustainable Mobility. Scenario Building and Methodological Framework 7.Targets for Sustainable Mobility. 8.Images of the Future. 9.Assembling Policy Packages and Paths - the Theory. Section 3: Policy Actions and Conclusions 10.The Potential for Achieving Sustainable Mobility. 11.Policy Packages and Paths. 12. Policy Actions and Conclusions
HIV-1 Residual Viremia Correlates with Persistent T-Cell Activation in Poor Immunological Responders to Combination Antiretroviral Therapy

Background The clinical significance and cellular sources of residual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) production despite suppressive combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) remain unclear and the effect of low-level viremia on T-cell homeostasis is still debated. Methodology/Principal Findings We characterized the recently produced residual viruses in the plasma and short-lived blood monocytes of 23 patients with various immunological responses to sustained suppressive cART. We quantified the residual HIV-1 in the plasma below 50 copies/ml, and in the CD14high CD16− and CD16+ monocyte subsets sorted by flow cytometry, and predicted coreceptor usage by genotyping V3 env sequences. We detected residual viremia in the plasma of 8 of 10 patients with poor CD4+ T-cell reconstitution in response to cART and in only 5 of 13 patients with good CD4+ T-cell reconstitution. CXCR4-using viruses were frequent among the recently produced viruses in the plasma and in the main CD14high CD16− monocyte subset. Finally, the residual viremia was correlated with persistent CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation in patients with poor immune reconstitution. Conclusions Low-level viremia could result from the release of archived viruses from cellular reservoirs and/or from ongoing virus replication in some patients. The compartmentalization of the viruses between the plasma and the blood monocytes suggests at least two origins of residual virus production during effective cART. CXCR4-using viruses might be produced preferentially in patients on cART. Our results also suggest that low-level HIV-1 production in some patients may contribute to persistent immune dysfunction despite cART.
A model-based approach for testing the performance of web applications

Poor performance of Web-based systems can adversely impact the profitability of enterprises that rely on them. As a result, effective performance testing techniques are essential for understanding whether a Web-based system will meet its performance objectives when deployed in the real world. The workload of a Web-based system has to be characterized in terms of sessions; a session being a sequence of inter-dependent requests submitted by a single user. Dependencies arise because some requests depend on the responses of earlier requests in a session. To exercise application functions in a representative manner, these dependencies should be reflected in the synthetic workloads used to test Web-based systems. This makes performance testing a challenge for these systems. In this paper, we propose a model-based approach to address this problem. Our approach uses an application model that captures the dependencies for a Web-based system under study. Essentially, the application model can be used to obtain a large set of valid request sequences representing how users typically interact with the application. This set of sequences can be used to automatically construct a synthetic workload with desired characteristics. The application model provides an indirection which allows a common set of workload generation tools to be used for testing different applications. Consequently, less effort is needed for developing and maintaining the workload generation tools and more effort can be dedicated towards the performance testing process.
A Quarterly Econometric Model of the Slovenian Economy

The article represents a construction of a quarterly econometric model of the Slovenian economy and an analysis of fundamental relationships of the Slovenian economy. For this purpose we formed a system of identities, consistent with the national accounts, and of stochastic equations, consistent with economic theory as well as institutional and constitutional characteristics of the Slovenian economy. The present econometric model of the Slovenian economy SIQM 2.1 consists of 97 equations and covers the period of 1997:1 – 2003:4. Adequacy of the model, i.e. its ability to reproduce the actual economic developments in the period under investigation, was verified by performing dynamic simulations. It was established that the results are econometrically satisfactory and in part even quite favourable.
A review paper on the elimination of harmonics in multilevel inverters using bioinspired algorithms

Multilevel inverters are highly capable of achieving higher quality output voltage waveforms and higher power ratings with the help of their multilevel structure. They have been of great interest in the field of power industry and are best suited for reactive power compensation. Multilevel voltage source inverters are capable of operating at high voltage with less electromagnetic interference and results in higher efficiency. The harmonic elimination in a multilevel voltage source inverter is of atmost importance and different types of modulation strategies can be applied to the inverters to eliminate these harmonics. Among these modulation techniques, Selective harmonic elimination PWM is a significant switching strategy that can be applied to the output voltage waveform of multilevel inverters for lower order harmonic elimination. This paper gives a review on the various optimization algorithms that is been used for the SHEPWM technique. Performance comparisons of these optimization algorithms in SHEPWM are discussed.
Keeping track of position and orientation of moving indoor systems by correlation of range-finder scans

One of the problems of autonomous mobile systems is the continuous tracking of position and orientation. In most cases, this problem is solved by dead reckoning, based on measurement of wheel rotations or step counts and step width. Unfortunately dead reckoning leads to accumulation of drift errors and is very sensitive to slipping. In this paper an algorithm for tracking position and orientation is presented, it is nearly independent from odometry and its problems with slipping. To achieve these results, a rotating range-finder is used, delivering scans of the environmental structure. The properties of this structure are used to match the scans from different locations in order to find their translational and rotational displacement. For this purpose derivatives of range-finder scans are calculated which can be used to find position and orientation by crosscorrelation. <<ETX>>
An Application of Evolutionary Game Theory to Platform Competition in Two Sided Market

This study deals with a model for platform competition in a two-sided market. We suppose there are both direct and indirect network externalities between suppliers and users of each platform. Moreover, we suppose that both users and suppliers are distributed in their relative affinity for each platform type. That is, each user [supplier] has his/her own preferential position toward each platform, and users [suppliers] are horizontally differentiated over [0, 1]. And for analytical tractability, some parameters like direct and indirect network externalities are the same across the markets. Given the parameters and the pricing profile, users and suppliers conduct subscription game, where participants select the platform that gives them the highest payoffs. This game proceeds according to a replicator dynamics of the evolutionary game, which is simplified by properly defining gains from participant's strategy in the subscription game. We find that depending on the strength of these network effects, there might either be multiple stable equilibria, at which users and suppliers distribute across both platforms, or one unstable interior equilibrium corresponding to the market tipping in favor of either platform. In both cases, we also consider the pricing power of competing platform providers under the framework of the Stackelberg game. In particular, our study examines the possible effects of the type of competition between platform providers, which may constrain the equilibrium selection in the subscription game.