Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimally Securing Enterprise Information Systems and Assets

Information security is a growing priority for organizations, many of which are struggling to decide the appropriate amounts of investments to counter threats to availability, conﬁdentiality and integrity of information systems that put interlinked business processes at risk. The investments in security countermeasures usually have the characteristics of externalities since one entity’s investment decision aﬀects the utility of other entities that are connected to it. We speciﬁcally characterize the nature of the externalities that lead to divergence of interests between a central planner (or CIO) and division managers, where the former does not fully understand the nature of information systems deployed at diﬀerent divisions within the enterprise. Also, most economics based prior research has considered information security to be a black box here we demonstrate the utility of opening up the black box by illustrating the diﬀering strategic eﬀects of availability and conﬁdentiality losses in an interconnected enterprise and many of the ﬁndings turn out to be counterintuitive. Overall, we provide a rigorously derived framework to help ﬁrms design optimal mechanisms to deploy both protection and cryptographic countermeasures for availability and conﬁdentiality losses. Several managerial implications that translate the research insights obtained in the paper to actionable recommendations are provided.
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Social Environment and Health among Urban Substance Using MSM

• Studies from the past 10 years show that African American/Black MSM do not exhibit greater sexual risk behavior, in the form of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) either receptive (RUAI) or insertive (IUAI), than Caucasian counterparts [2]. Further, young black MSM are less likely than White or Latino counterparts to report UAI [2,5]. However, some studies have shown more African American/Black MSM do engage in trading, selling, or buying sex [X].
Glove-TalkII: an adaptive gesture-to-formant interface

Glove-TaikII is a system which translates hand gestures-· to speech through an adaptive interface. Hand gestures are mapped continuously to 10 control parameters of a parallel formant speech synthesizer. The mapping al lows the hand to act as an artificial vocal tract that produces speech in real time. This gives an unlim ited vocabulary, multiple languages in addition to di rect control of fundamental frequency and volume. Cur rently, the best version of Glove-TaikII uses several in put devices (including a Cyberglove, a ContactGlove, a polhemus sensor, and a foot-pedal), a parallel formant speech synthesizer and 3 neural networks. The gesture to-speech task is divided into vowel and consonant pro duction by using a gating network to weight the outputs of a vowel and a consonant neural network. The gating network and the consonant network are trained with ex amples from the user. The vowel network implements a fixed, user-defined relationship between hand-position and vowel sound and does not require any training ex amples from the user. Volume, fundamental frequency and stop consonants are produced with a fixed mapping from the input devices. One subject has trained for about 100 hours to speak intelligibly with Glove-TalkII. He passed through eight distinct stages while learning to speak. He speaks slowly with speech quality sim ilar to a text-to-speech synthesizer but with far more natural-sounding pitch variations.
New S-dualities in N=2 supersymmetric SU(2) x SU(2) gauge theory

New S-dualities in a scale invariant N=2 gauge theory with SU(2) x SU(2) gauge group are derived from embeddings of the theory in two different larger asymptotically free theories. The true coupling space of the scale invariant theory is a 20-fold identification of the coupling space found in the M- and string-theory derivations of the low energy effective action, implying a larger S-duality group. Also, this coupling space is different from the naively expected direct product of two SL(2,Z) fundamental domains, as it contains a different topology of fixed points.
Addressing overreporting on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) telephone survey with a population sample

Abstract Objective: To examine a possible problem of overreporting and to describe the degree of error with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short telephone protocol. Design: Cross-sectional study, using two different physical activity (PA) self-report protocols. Setting: Telephone interviews about PA in Belgium. Subjects: Fifty adults who had previously been interviewed with IPAQ in a national survey. Results: Seventy-five per cent reported less PA with the modified procedure than with the IPAQ. Twenty-three of the 50 individuals were found to have reported some amounts of PA with the IPAQ (either walking, or vigorous or moderate PA) when they should have reported none. In total, based on their revised reports of PA, 50% fewer persons met PA recommendations than was the case with IPAQ. The overreporting could not be related to types of error-prone individuals. Conclusions: Overreporting of PA in population samples is a serious problem that could be reduced by implementing procedure changes without changing the IPAQ items themselves.
SilentSense: Silent User Identification via Dynamics of Touch and Movement Behavioral Biometrics

With the increased popularity of smartphones, various security threats and privacy leakages targeting them are discovered and investigated. In this work, we present \ourprotocoltight, a framework to authenticate users silently and transparently by exploiting dynamics mined from the user touch behavior biometrics and the micro-movement of the device caused by user's screen-touch actions. We build a "touch-based biometrics" model of the owner by extracting some principle features, and then verify whether the current user is the owner or guest/attacker. When using the smartphone, the unique operating dynamics of the user is detected and learnt by collecting the sensor data and touch events silently. When users are mobile, the micro-movement of mobile devices caused by touch is suppressed by that due to the large scale user-movement which will render the touch-based biometrics ineffective. To address this, we integrate a movement-based biometrics for each user with previous touch-based biometrics. We conduct extensive evaluations of our approaches on the Android smartphone, we show that the user identification accuracy is over 99%.
Comprehensive View on Architectural Requirements for Maintenance Information Systems

: Concepts of Industry 4.0 and digitization are leading to a much higher complexity of production facilities, related processes, and activities such as maintenance. As a result, the demands made on the process of maintenance and the maintenance workers involved are getting more demanding. To meet these requirements, many information systems have been developed with different purposes and technologies. Yet the development of these systems is occurring in isolation and the main challenges of the integration of these maintenance solutions and their information with each other are not addressed. The resulting solutions and their architectures lack a sustainable holistic viewpoint from the start. To solve these challenges and to give developers a framework in which to develop information systems for maintenance, a holistic view of the architectural and requirements is needed. Therefore, a framework for the general requirements of all maintenance information systems has been developed in this paper. To achieve this, a literature review was conducted where the requirements for a broad set of maintenance information systems were gathered and compared with each other. Based on this information, general principles for the architectures of maintenance information systems were derived.
Do Sense Experiential States Have Conceptual Content

I take it for granted that sense experiential states provide reasons for empirical beliefs; indeed this claim forms the first premise of my central argument for (CC). 1 The subsequent stages of the argument are intended to establish that a person has such a reason for believing something about the way things are in the world around him only if he is in some mental state or other with a conceptual content: a conceptual state. Thus, given that sense experiential states do provide reasons for empirical beliefs, they must have conceptual content.
Asymmetrical local adaptation of maize landraces along an altitudinal gradient

Crop landraces are managed populations that evolve in response to gene flow and selection. Cross‐pollination among fields, seed sharing by farmers, and selection by management and environmental conditions play roles in shaping crop characteristics. We used common gardens to explore the local adaptation of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays) landrace populations from Chiapas, Mexico to altitude. We sowed seeds of 21 populations from three altitudinal ranges in two common gardens and measured two characteristics that estimate fitness: likelihood of producing good quality seed and the total mass of good quality seed per plant. The probability of lowland plants producing good quality seed was invariably high regardless of garden, while highland landraces were especially sensitive to altitude. Their likelihood of producing good seed quadrupled in the highland site. The mass of good quality seed showed a different pattern, with lowland landraces producing 25% less seed mass than the other types at high elevations. Combining these two measures of fitness revealed that the highland landraces were clearly adapted to highland sites, while lowland and midland landraces appear more adapted to the midland site. We discuss this asymmetry in local adaptation in light of climate change and in situ conservation of crop genetic resources.
Mechanics of Earthquakes

An earthquake is a sudden rupture process in the Earth’s crust or mantle caused by tectonic stress. To understand the physics of earthquakes it is important to determine the state of stress before, during, and after an earthquake. There have been significant advances in seismology during the past few decades, and some details on the state of stress near earthquake fault zones are becoming clearer. However, the state of stress is generally inferred indirectly from seismic waves which have propagated through complex structures. The stress parameters thus determined depend on the specific seismological data, methods, and assumptions used in the analysis,and must be interpreted carefully. This paper reviews recent seismological data pertinent to this subject,and presents simple mechanical models for shallow earthquakes. Scholz(1989), Brune (1991), Gibowicz (1986), and Udias (1991) recently this subject from a different perspective, and we will try to avoid duplication with these papers as much as possible. Because of the limited space,available, this review is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the literature, but reflects the author’s own view on the subject.
Guided Quasi-Dense Tracking for 3D Reconstruction

In this paper we propose a framework for obtaining quasi-dense Euclidean structure reconstruction by means of guided quasi-dense point tracking in image sequences. We use a stratified algorithm that establishes most reliable sparse point correspondences first then robustly estimates multiview geometry and finally propagates sparse point features to quasi-dense matches and tracks. Notable properties of our algorithm are built-in motion model selection using geometric robust information criteria (GRIC) that helps to avoid common algorithm degeneracy. Matching outliers are segmented by robust homography estimation for rotational camera movement or by reprojection error thresholding otherwise. We employ automatic keyframe selection that is used to provide frames with reasonable disparity for reliable matching and reconstruction. These technique also reduces cost of computationally expensive quasi-dense tracking.
Discovering obscure sightseeing spots by analysis of geo-tagged social images

In contrast to conventional studies of discovering hot spots, by analyzing geo-tagged images on Flickr, we introduce novel methods to discover obscure sightseeing spots that are less well-known while still worth visiting. To this end, we face two new challenges that the classical authority analysis based methods do not encounter: how to discover and rank spots on the basis of 1) popularity (obscurity level) and 2) scenery quality. For the first challenge, we estimate the obscurity level of a spot in accordance with the visiting asymmetry between photographers who are familiar with a target city and those who are not. For the second challenge, the behavior of both viewers who browsed the images and photographers are analyzed per each spot. We also develop an application system to help users to explore sightseeing spots with different geographical granularities. Experimental evaluations and analysis on a real dataset well demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Fit to the Bjorken, Ellis-Jaffe and Gross-Llewellyn-Smith sum rules in a renormalon based approach

We study the large order behavior in perturbation theory of the Bjorken, Ellis-Jaffe and Gross-Llewellyn-Smith sum rules. In particular, we consider their first infrared renormalons, for which we obtain their analytic structure with logarithmic accuracy and also an approximate determination of their normalization constant. Estimates of higher order terms of the perturbative series are given. The renormalon subtracted scheme is worked out for these observables and compared with experimental data. Overall, good agreement with experiment is found. This allows us to obtain ${\stackrel{^}{a}}_{0}$ and some higher-twist nonperturbative constants from experiment: ${\stackrel{^}{a}}_{0}=0.141\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.089$; ${f}_{3,\mathrm{RS}}(1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV})=\ensuremath{-}{0.124}_{\ensuremath{-}0.142}^{+0.137}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{GeV}}^{2}$.
Development of a differentiated microtubule structure: formation of the chicken erythrocyte marginal band in vivo

The microtubules of mature nucleated erythrocytes are organized into a marginal band that is confined to a single plane at the periphery and that contains essentially the same number of microtubule profiles in each individual cell. Developing erythrocytes can be isolated in homogeneous and synchronously developing populations from chicken embryos. For these reasons, these cells offer a particularly accessible system for study of the pathway leading to a specific microtubule structure in a normal, terminally differentiated animal cell. Along this developmental course, striking changes occur in the properties of the microtubules. Between the postmitotic cell and the formation of the band, a novel arrangement is found: bundles of laterally associated microtubules in each cell, coursing through the cytoplasm but not confined to the periphery. The microtubule organizing centers evident at early stages disappear by the time the band forms. The microtubules in early cells are readily depolymerized by drugs, but that drug sensitivity is lost in the mature cells. The microtubule arrangement of mature cells is faithfully recapitulated after reversible depolymerization, while that of the immature cells is not. Finally, as the band forms, the microtubules and microfilaments increasingly become coaligned. In sum, the microtubules of immature cells have many properties in common with those of cultured cells, but during maturation those properties change. The results suggest that lateral interactions become increasingly important in stabilizing and organizing the microtubules. The properties of marginal band microtubules, and comparable properties of axonal microtubules, may reflect differences between the requirements for cytoskeletal structures of cycling cells and terminally differentiated cells.
Lymph node–resident lymphatic endothelial cells mediate peripheral tolerance via Aire-independent direct antigen presentation

Peripheral immune tolerance is generally thought to result from cross-presentation of tissue-derived proteins by quiescent tissue-resident dendritic cells to self-reactive T cells that have escaped thymic negative selection, leading to anergy or deletion. Recently, we and others have implicated the lymph node (LN) stroma in mediating CD8 T cell peripheral tolerance. We demonstrate that LN-resident lymphatic endothelial cells express multiple peripheral tissue antigens (PTAs) independent of the autoimmune regulator (Aire). They directly present an epitope derived from one of these, the melanocyte-specific protein tyrosinase, to tyrosinase-specific CD8 T cells, leading to their deletion. We also show that other LN stromal subpopulations express distinct PTAs by mechanisms that vary in their Aire dependence. These results establish lymphatic endothelial cells, and potentially other LN-resident cells, as systemic mediators of peripheral immune tolerance.
Food futures – reflections on the engineering theme waste management

Based on understanding that food poses one of the key challenges for future development in the coming decades, integrated research on the complex topic of food systems is recognized to be essential. Activities and concepts aiming to reduction of waste and losses of food are considered to be most promising options among possible measures to improve food security. Occurrence of losses and waste varies much in different regions, which highlights the necessity to study the topic by region, although the global perspective is essential. Initiatives for driving improvements have highest potential for success if they involve multi-stakeholder engagement under consideration of the existing food supply chains. Post-consumer waste is often the most visible food wastage proportion, and its reduction is often given priority by governments, NGOs and civil society especially in industrialized countries. Food losses along the whole supply chain are more difficult to quantify, and the research and development actors have responsibility to initiate advances towards sustainability along the whole chain.
Worst-case delay analysis of master-slave switched ethernet networks

Switched Ethernet is increasingly used in real-time communication due to its intrinsic features such as micro segmentation and high throughput. However, COTS switches may impose long blocking times due to their FIFO queues and can also experience buffer overflow in outgoing queues due to uncontrolled packets arrival. The FTT-SE protocol uses a Master-Slave technique to overcome the COTS switch limitations in real-time applications. Recently, we extended the protocol for large scale networks and in this paper we present the worst-case delay analysis using the Network Calculus formalism for such a network. Moreover, we assess the end-to-end delay of traffic with simulation concluding that the obtained analytical results present a good match with the observed delays, providing uppers bounds that vary between 0% and 50% above the maximum measured values.
Chapter 9. First and second person pronouns in two mother-child dyads

First and second person pronouns are complex categories for children to acquire. During a transitional period, when they start referring to themselves as subjects, French-speaking children produce a variety of non-conventional forms. The analysis of these uses provide valuable insights on how they creatively process language and progressively acquire the tools that enable them to refer to themselves and to the interlocutor, as speakers/addressees and subjects. In this paper, we present data from two French-speaking children, recorded monthly between 1;06 and 3;03 during everyday interactions with their mothers. We focus on the transitional use of non-standard forms in the children’s speech as a window unto the development of their cognitive, linguistic and social skills, and analyse the global and local impact of the input.
Cognitive radio communications and networks: principles and practice

Cognitive Radio Communications and Networks gives comprehensive and balanced coverage of the principles of cognitive radio communications, cognitive networks, and details of their implementation, including the latest developments in the standards and spectrum policy. Case studies, end-of-chapter questions, and descriptions of various platforms and test beds, together with sample code, give hands-on knowledge of how cognitive radio systems can be implemented in practice. Extensive treatment is given to several standards, including IEEE 802.22 for TV White Spaces and IEEE SCC41. Written by leading people in the field, both at universities and major industrial research laboratories, this tutorial text gives communications engineers, R&D engineers, researchers, undergraduate and post graduate students a complete reference on the application of wireless communications and network theory for the design and implementation of cognitive radio systems and networks
Disease scoring systems for oral lichen planus; a critical appraisal

The aim of the present study has been to critically review 22 disease scoring systems (DSSs) on oral lichen planus (OLP) that have been reported in the literature during the past decades. Although the presently available DSSs may all have some merit, particularly for research purposes, the diversity of both the objective and subjective parameters used in these systems and the lack of acceptance of one of these systems for uniform use, there is a need for an international, authorized consensus meeting on this subject. Because of the natural course of OLP characterized by remissions and exacerbations and also due to the varying distribution pattern and the varying clinical types, e.g. reticular and erosive, the relevance of a DSS based on morphologic parameters is somewhat questionable. Instead, one may consider to only look for a quality of life scoring system adapted for use in OLP patients. Key words:Oral lichen planus, disease scoring system, classification.
Towards the Development of Antitumor Vaccines: A Synthetic Conjugate of a Tumor-Associated MUC1 Glycopeptide Antigen and a Tetanus Toxin Epitope.

Proliferation of cytotoxic T-cells, a prerequisite for the development of antitumor vaccines, was induced by 1, but not by its partial structures A and B. The conjugate 1 containing a tumor-associated Sialyl-TN -MUC-1 glycopeptide antigen A and a T-cell epitope B of tetanus toxin was synthesized by fragment condensation on a solid phase.
A distributed approach for graph-oriented multidimensional analysis

The importance of graphs as the fundamental structure underpinning many real world applications is no longer to be proved. Large graphs have emerged in various fields such as biological, social and transportation networks. The sheer volume of these networks poses challenges to traditional techniques for storage and analysis of graph data. In particular, OLAP analysis requires access to large portions of data to extract key information and to feed strategic decision making. OLAP provides multilevel, multiperspective views of the data. Most of the current techniques are optimized for centralized graph processing. A distributed approach providing horizontal scalability is required in order to handle the analysis workload. In this paper, we focus on applying OLAP analysis on large, distributed graph data. We describe Distributed Graph Cube, our distributed framework for graph-based OLAP cubes computation and aggregation. Experimental results on large, real-world datasets demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms its centralized counterparts. We also evaluate the performance of both Hadoop and Spark for distributed cubes computations.