Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Challenges facing behaviour change interventions: a social marketing perspective on communicating sustainability and climate change science

Sustainability and climate change constitute major challenges to current lifestyles (Peattie & Peattie, 2009). It is suggested that “the world has three choices in dealing with climate change: mitigation, adaptation and suffering” (Moser, 2012: 165). Continued pursuit of economic growth based on exploiting finite resources is unsustainable. Considerable focus has been placed on international mitigation of effects, particularly in the short term (Carrico & Riemer, 2011); adaptation, particularly at the local level, has not received the same focus (Urwin & Jordan, 2008). While the potential effects of climate change and the need for sustainability are largely, but not universally accepted, there is a lack of clarity and clear communication of what action should be taken and by whom to adapt to these challenges. There appears to be an expectation that persuasive communications-based strategies will be employed to address climate change threats (Corner & Randall, 2011). We provide an analysis of the context and discuss the factors that should be taken into account in designing effective sustainability and climate change adaptation interventions.
Game Theoretic Energy Balanced Routing Protocols For Wireless Sensor Networks

A primary concern in the operation of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the issue of balancing energy consumption and lifetime maximization. This dissertation addresses the problem of unbalanced energy consumption in WSNs by designing traffic load balancing geographical routing protocols. In order to provide energy balance; two decentralized, scalable and stable routing protocols are proposed: Game Theoretic Energy Balanced (GTEB) routing protocol for WSNs and three dimensional (3D) Game Theoretic Energy Balance (3D-GTEB) routing protocol for WSNs. GTEB were designed to fit with WSNs deployed in 2D space, while 3D-GTEB designed to work with WSNs deployed in 3D terrain. Both protocols are built based on balancing energy consumption into region level and node level using different game theory in each level. In the first level, evolutionary game theory was used to balance the energy consumption in various packet forwarding sub-regions, while in the second level classical game theory was used to balance the energy consumption in forwarding sub-region nodes. 3D-GTEB benefits from utilizing the third coordinate of nodes’ locations to achieve better and accurate routing decision with low network overhead. The protocols where evaluated analytically and experimentally under realistic simulation environment. Thus, the results show not only combining evolutionary and
MiR-467a is Upregulated in Radiation-Induced Mouse Thymic Lymphomas and Regulates Apoptosis by Targeting Fas and Bax

It has been reported dysregulation of certain microRNAs (miRNAs / miRs) is involved in tumorigenesis. However, the miRNAs associated with radiocarcinogenesis remain undefined. In this study, we validated the upregulation of miR-467a in radiation-induced mouse thymic lymphoma tissues. Then, we investigated whether miR-467a functions as an oncogenic miRNA in thymic lymphoma cells. For this purpose, we assessed the biological effect of miR-467a on thymic lymphoma cells. Using miRNA microarray, we found four miRNAs (miR-467a, miR-762, miR-455 and miR-714) were among the most upregulated (>4-fold) miRNAs in tumor tissues. Bioinformatics prediction suggests miR-467a may potentially regulate apoptosis pathway via targeting Fas and Bax. Consistently, in miR-467a-transfected cells, both proliferation and colony formation ability were significantly increased with decrease of apoptosis rate, while, in miR-467a-knockdown cells, proliferation was suppressed with increase of apoptosis rate, indicating that miR-467a may be involved in the regulation of apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-467a-knockdown resulted in smaller tumors and better prognosis in an in vivo tumor-transplanted model. To explain the mechanism of apoptosis suppression by miR-467a, we explore the expression of candidate target genes (Fas and Bax) in miR-467a-transfected relative to negative control transfected cells using flow cytometry and immunoblotting. Fas and Bax were commonly downregulated in miR-467a-transfected EL4 and NIH3T3 cells, and all of the genes harbored miR-467a target sequences in the 3'UTR of their mRNA. Fas and Bax were actually downregulated in radiation-induced thymic lymphoma tissues, and therefore both were identified as possible targets of miR-467a in thymic lymphoma. To ascertain whether downregulation of Fas and / or Bax is involved in apoptosis suppression by miR-467a, we transfected vectors expressing Fas and Bax into miR-467a-upregulated EL4 cells. Then we found that both Fas- and Bax-overexpression decreased cell viability with increase of apoptosis rate, indicating that downregulation of Fas and Bax may be at least partly responsible for apoptosis suppression by miR-467a. These data suggest that miR-467a may have oncogenic functions in radiation-induced thymic lymphoma cells and that its increased expression may confer a growth advantage on tumor cells via aberrant expression of Fas and Bax.
Environmental & pollution science

This unique book integrates a large number of subjects in environmental studies and provides a realistic and objective evaluation of pollution as a price we pay for a modern economy. It focuses on the scientific assessment of environmental quality by developing a framework of principles that can be applied to any environmental problem. It addresses tactical issues for managers and government workers such as remediation, environmental monitoring, risk assessment, and management. It can be used by professionals as well as undergraduate students. It emphasizes conceptual understanding of environmental impact, integrating the disciplines of biology, chemistry, and mathematics. The topics cover the fate and transport of contaminants; monitoring and remediation of pollution; sources and characteristics of pollution; and risk assessment and management. It includes color photos and diagrams, chapter questions and problems, and highlighted key words.
Peningkatkan hasil belajar passing bawah bola voli dengan pembelajaran kooperatif

This study aims to determine the learning outcome passing forearm volleyball at SMK Negeri 7 Makassar through cooperative learning. This study uses action research as much as two cycles with the design planning, observation, action, and reflection. The target in this study were students of SMK Negeri 7 Makassar office administration class, as many as 24 students. Sources of data obtained through the initial test and final test passing forearm volleyball. Data analysis techniques used in this research is descriptive. The results showed the beginning of the test until the end of the test. Results of preliminary tests showed the lowest value is 33.3 and the highest value of 66.7. Then the final test results in cycle one is the lowest value of 50 and 83.3 and the highest value was 62.50%. Learning will be unchanged or increase in cycle two, with the lowest value and the highest 58.3 91.7, with a percentage of 83.33%, and meets the criteria of achievement in action research is 80%. Conclusions from this research is the method of group learning positive effect in improving student achievement, marked by increased completeness.
Treat Oculocutaneous Albinism with Gene Therapy

Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of hereditary recessive disorder recognized as a loss of pigmentation. OCA can derive from mutations in different genes that produce melanin. These mutations cause disturbances to get a standard melanin synthesis. There are 7 types of oculocutaneous albinism. These include OCA1, OCA2, OCA3, OCA4, OCA5, OCA6, and OCA7. To help OCA patients, it may include management of such as hats with brims and sunscreens. An effective therapy is unavailable for albinism at present. However, to fight OCA in the future, gene therapy can be used. Gene therapy can include use of such as retrovirus vectors, adenovirus vectors, and CRISPR/Cas9 system. Research results in animal models have shown remarkable advances. It means that the gene therapy will be helpful to treat people with albinism.
Effects of climatic change on the growth of dominating tree species along major environmental gradients.

This thesis deals with effects of climate on tree growth of the dominating conifer species, Picea abies (L) Karst. (Norway spruce) and Pinus sylvestris L (Scots pine), in central Norway and Fennoscandia. Both species are sampled along major environmental gradients, i.e. altitude and oceanicity, and growth responses to climate, i.e. temperature and precipitation, are examined along these gradients. Additionally, time is considered as an environmental gradient and temporal responses are carefully deciphered. Special attention is given to large-scale climate oscillation and their effect on tree growth. In the individual papers the specific aims have been to:1. identify climate variables (all seasons) with significant influence on radial tree growth of P. abies and P. sylvestris along major environmental gradients (Paper I-IV)2. identify if and how the growth response to climate has changed through time along these gradients (Paper I-IV)3. make interregional comparisons of P. sylvestris growth pattern across Fennoscandia from oceanic western Norway to continental eastern Finland (Paper III)4. analyse to what degree large-scale circulation patterns of air masses are registered in regional tree growth of both P. abies and P. sylvestris (Paper I, III and IV)5. discuss possible effects on radial tree growth of a predicted warmer climate (Paper I, III and IV)
Head Start Children Go to Kindergarten

This report describes the group of children who first entered Head Start in fall 2006 either as a 3- or 4- year old, completed one or two years in the program, and attended kindergarten the year after completing Head Start. Head Start children make progress in important school readiness skills over the course of their time in Head Start and in the kindergarten year, and this progress is positively related to material and social resources in the home, the quality of their Head Start classroom, and several measures of peer abilities, among other factors.
Factor Market Distortions Across Time, Space and Sectors in China

In this paper we measure the distortions in the allocation of labor and capital across provinces and sectors in China for the period 1985-2007. Most existing studies have measured factor market distortions by using some index of dispersion in individual factor returns. However, the map between these dispersion measures and the efficiency loss due to distortions is not clear, especially when there is more than one factor. In this paper, we follow Hsieh and Klenow (2009)'s strategy by measuring the factor market distortions as the reduction in aggregate TFP due to distortions. We extend their analysis by decomposing the overall distortions into between-province and within-province inter-sectoral distortions. We find: (1) For the period between 1985 and 2007, the distortions in factor allocation reduced aggregate TFP by about 31% on average, with the within-province distortions accounting for more than half of the reduction; (2) the measure of between-province distortions was relatively constant over the period; (3) the measure of within-province distortions declined between 1985 and 1997, contributing to 0.96% TFP growth per year, but then increased significantly in the last ten years, reducing the aggregate TFP growth rate by 1.41% a year; and (4) almost all of the within-province distortions can be accounted for by the misallocation of capital between the state and the non-state sectors.
How chimpanzees solve collective action problems

We presented small groups of chimpanzees with two collective action situations, in which action was necessary for reward but there was a disincentive for individuals to act owing to the possibility of free-riding on the efforts of others. We found that in simpler scenarios (experiment 1) in which group size was small, there was a positive relationship between rank and action with more dominant individuals volunteering to act more often, particularly when the reward was less dispersed. Social tolerance also seemed to mediate action whereby higher tolerance levels within a group resulted in individuals of lower ranks sometimes acting and appropriating more of the reward. In more complex scenarios, when group size was larger and cooperation was necessary (experiment 2), overcoming the problem was more challenging. There was highly significant variability in the action rates of different individuals as well as between dyads, suggesting success was more greatly influenced by the individual personalities and personal relationships present in the group.
Revised mineralogic summary of Yucca Mountain, Nevada

We have evaluated three-dimensional mineral distribution at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, using quantitative x-ray powder diffraction analysis. All data were obtained on core cuttings, or sidewall samples obtained from drill holes at and around Yucca Mountain. Previously published data are included with corrections, together with new data for several drill holes. The new data presented in this report used the internal standard method of quantitative analysis, which yields results of high precision for the phases commonly found in Yucca Mountain tuffs including opal-CT and glass. Mineralogical trends with depth previously noted are clearly shown by these new data. Glass occurrence is restricted almost without exception to above the present-day static water level (SWL), although glass has been identified below the SWL in partially zeolitized tuffs. Silica phases undergo well-defined transitions with depth, with tridymite and cristobalite occurring only above the SWL, opal-CT occurring with clinoptilolite-mordenite tuffs, and quartz most abundant below the SWL. Smectite occurs in small amounts in most samples but is enriched in two distinct zones. These zones are at the top of the vitric nonwelded base of the Tiva Canyon Member and at the top of the basal vitrophyre of the Topopah Spring Member. Our data support the presence of several zones of mordenite and clinoptilolite-heulandite as shown previously. New data on several deep clinoptililite-heulandite samples coexisting with analcime show that they are heulandite. Phillipsite has not been found in any Yucca Mountain samples, but erionite and chabazite have been found once in fractures. 21 refs., 17 figs.
Use of bessel polynomials for solving differential difference equations

Abstract In this paper, the linear differential difference equation subject to the mixed conditions has been solved numerically using Bessel polynomials. The solution is obtained in terms of Bessel polynomials. In addition, the accuracy and error analysis of the method are considered using residual function. Some examples have also been considered to examine the applicability and reliability of the method.
A model-based assessment of observational methods to estimate anthropogenic CO2

Three methods to estimate anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean (deltaC* method, TTD (transit time distribution) method and taking the difference of two DIC equilibrium concentrations), which are widely used in observations, were adapted to a coarse resolution (4/3°) ocean general circulation model of the North Atlantic. This is done for testing the methods and comparing them to anthropogenic CO2 modelled directly in this model. Furthermore two methods for modelling anthropogenic CO2 are compared in a climatological forced model run. Modelling anthropogenic CO2 as a passive tracer with a surface flux containing the information of anthropogenic pCO2 perturbation leads to 15% to 20% lower concentrations than the “true” anthropogenic CO2 of the model. This is computed as the difference of DIC concentrations from a model run with realistically prescribed atmospheric pCO2 concentrations minus a model run with a constant preindustrial atmospheric pCO2 concentration, where in both cases a NPZD (nutrient, phytoplankton, zooplankton, detritus) model is coupled to the physical model. For correcting this underestimation by the passive anthropogenic CO2 tracer an improvement to model this tracer is suggested. Adapting a method which uses an age-spectrum (TTD method) or directly modelled water age (difference of two DIC equilibrium concentrations) of a water patch for estimating anthropogenic CO2, leads to concentrations, which are close to the “true” modelled anthropogenic CO2 concentrations. In contrast to that, estimating anthropogenic CO2 by using a method which needs a single chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) derived water age (deltaC* method), leads to high overestimation of the “true” anthropogenic CO2 of the model, especially in the deep ocean. One assumption of the deltaC* method is that anthropogenic CO2 is transported predominantly along isopycnal surfaces. To test this, a sensitivity model run excluding isopycnal mixing was performed. Especially estimating anthropogenic CO2 with the deltaC* method using the output of this model run should fail. However, the results in comparison to the modelled anthropogenic CO2 are differing in nearly the same magnitude as for the model run including isopycnal mixing. The same is the case for the other two methods (TTD method and taking the difference of two DIC equilibrium concentrations) for estimating anthropogenic CO2. Another sensitivity run forced by inter-annual variable surface fluxes was performed in order to determine the influence of inter-annual variability on the estimates of anthropogenic CO2 by using the different methods. In this case the inter-annual variability of anthropogenic CO2 by using the deltaC* method is of the same magnitude as the difference to the “true” modelled anthropogenic CO2 itself. The inter-annual variability of the total amount of anthropogenic CO2 deviates by just about 1% from the climatological reference experiment. Locally variations of up to 10% compared to the climatological mean occur.
Contribution a l'etude paleomagnetique et geochronologique de l'evolution cinematique de la depression afar au cours des trois derniers millions d'annees

La depression afar est situee au point triple entre les rifts est africain, d'aden et de la mer rouge. Elle est en grande partie recouverte d'une epaisse serie basaltique, un peu semblable a un trap, la serie stratoide datee precedemment autour de 2ma. Des travaux anterieurs, limitee a la republique de djibouti, ont montre que les rifts d'aden et de la mer rouge se propageaient tous deux l'un vers l'autre, vers l'afar et s'y recouvraient. Cet overlap est responsable des rotations de blocs observees par le paleomagnetisme (mecanisme de bookshelf faulting). Nous avons etendu l'echantillonnage a l'ethiopie. Nous avons collecte 181 sites pour les etudes paleomagnetiques, une sequence de 33 coulees pour une etude magnetostratigraphique dans la falaise de gamarri, et 37 sites pour les etudes geochronologiques, en utilisant la methode k-ar. A gamarri, nous avons pu reconnaitre une serie de 3 intervalles de polarite (r-n-r), que nous avons pu correler avec l'evenement de la reunion et dater a 2. 070. 05ma. Nous discutons ensuite nos resultats paleomagnetiques sur l'ensemble de la depression. Les directions moyennes d'un certain nombre de blocs tectoniques ont pu etre calcules. Une zone importante dans le sud n'a pas subi de rotation et sa direction moyenne (d = 0, i = 16 ; #9#5 = 5, n = 27) peut desormais servir de reference pour l'afrique stable entre 3. 51. 5ma. L'age de la serie stratoide devient plus jeune du sw vers le ne. L'ensemble de ces resultats est coherent avec un modele de propagation discontinue de la dorsale d'aden par episodes successifs de propagation vers l'ouest et de sauts vers le nord. Nous notons pour finir que les inclinaisons moyennes que nous observons sont anormalement faibles qui peut etre attribue a une composante quadrupolaire du champ geomagnetique moyen a long terme (8 a 10% de la composante dipolaire).
Quantification de l’évolution de glissements de terrain argileux par des techniques de télédétection. Application à la région du Trièves (Alpes Françaises)

Trois methodes de teledetection (Lidar, interferometrie radar satellitaire et photogrammetrie aerienne) ont ete appliquees pour quantifier les evolutions spatiales et temporelles de deux glissements argileux (Harmaliere et Avignonet, situes dans la region du Trieves, Alpes francaises) en complement d’instrumentation in-situ. Une analyse geomorphologique a ete realisee a partir d’ortho-photos (depuis 1948) et du MNT Lidar filtre. Couplee a des reconnaissances geophysiques, elle a montre que la cinematique differente des deux glissements contigus etait partiellement controlee par la paleotopographie sur laquelle s’est deposee la couche d’argile. La rugosite directionnelle a permis de distinguer les processus d’erosion resultant de mouvements gravitaires et de ravinement. Une technique de correlation d'images adaptee aux MNT a ete developpee pour obtenir les vecteurs de deplacement 3D entre deux acquisitions Lidar (2006 - 2009), avec une attention particuliere portee a l’evaluation de la qualite des mesures. La carte des deplacements obtenue montre que la zone la plus active du glissement de Harmaliere entre 1981 et 2001 est maintenant relativement lente (deplacement <0.4 m en 3 ans), contrairement a d’autres zones proches montrant des mouvements importants atteignant 3m avec une composante rotationnelle. Pour le glissement d’Avignonet, les deplacements deduits augmentent generalement vers le pied du glissement et peuvent atteindre 1 m. La technique des reflecteurs permanents en interferometrie radar a permis de determiner de nouvelles valeurs de taux de deplacements (entre 1992 et 2000) en 16 points du glissement, qui sont coherentes avec les donnees GPS existantes. Le taux moyen de recul a long terme de l’escarpement principal a ete estime a 1-5 cm/an a Avignonet et entre 7 et 14 cm/an a l'Harmaliere. La regression du glissement d’Avignonet semble controlee par l’erosion du sommet de la couche d’alluvions compactes reposant sur le substratum. La presence d’une paleovallee du Drac sous le pied du glissement de l'Harmaliere pourrait expliquer cette difference de cinematique entre les deux glissements.
Estimating Emotional Intensity from Body Poses for Human-Robot Interaction

Equipping social and service robots with the ability to perceive human emotional intensities during an interaction is in increasing demand. Most of existing work focuses on determining which emotion(s) participants are expressing from facial expressions but largely overlooks the emotional intensities spontaneously revealed by other social cues, especially body languages. In this paper, we present a real-time method for robots to capture fluctuations of participants' emotional intensities from their body poses. Unlike conventional joint-position-based approaches, our method adopts local joint transformations as pose descriptors which are invariant to subject body differences as well as the pose sensor positions. In addition, we use a Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (LSTM-RNN) architecture to take the specific emotion context into account when estimating emotional intensities from body poses. The dataset evaluation suggests that the proposed method is effective and performs better than baseline method on the test dataset. Also, a series of succeeding field tests on a physical robot demonstrates that the proposed method effectively estimates subjects emotional intensities in real-time. Furthermore, the robot equipped with our method is perceived to be more emotion-sensitive and more emotionally intelligent.