Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association Rules Algorithm Based on the Intersection

Mining association rules in the database is one of important study in data mining research. Traditional association rules consist of some redundant information, and need scan database many times and generate lots of candidate item sets. Aiming at low efficiency in association rules mining using traditional methods, this paper proposes the algorithm (ISMFP), which is based on intersection for mining the maximum frequent patterns. Firstly, applying the intersection theory of mathematics, put forwards a number of concepts and definitions. Then gives the process of association rules mining, and analyzes its performance. After that, the example describes the process of implementation of the algorithm. Finally, the experimental results show that the algorithm ISMFP is efficient on mining frequent patterns, especially there exists low threshold of support degree or long patterns.
Asymptotic analysis of vector ARMA identification

This paper investigates the asymptotic analysis of the subspace approach for vector ARMA process estimation. To overcome the statistical insufficiency of data, a new and straightforward LMI-based approach is proposed to obtain a positive real covariance model. Numerical results show this approach performs well even if the system poles are very close to the unit circle. Then, an explicit expression for the variance of the asymptotically normally distributed sample output covariance matrices and block-Hankel matrix are derived. From this result, together with perturbation techniques, several central limit theorems for the controllability matrix, observability matrix, and the state-space matrices of the associated covariance model are derived, as well as the norm bounds of Kalman gain and the innovations covariance matrix in the innovations model. By combining these asymptotic results, the ℋ2 norm bound of the error system, i.e. the difference between the identified transfer function and the true one, is derived with a given confidence level.
Interference Relay Channels with precoded Dynamic Decode and Forward protocols

—In this paper, a full duplex relay using a Dynamic Decode and Forward (DDF) protocol is considered for improving the performance of multiple source-destination pairs interfering one on each other. A relay precoder is optimized as a function of the symbols correctly decoded by the relay in order to improve the channel capacity. Furthermore, a DDF-Patching technique allows for increasing the number of precoded symbols by the relay and providing highly improved performance in interference-limited scenarios.
10-11 bp periodicities in complete genomes reflect protein structure and DNA folding

MOTIVATION Completely sequenced genomes allow for detection and analysis of the relatively weak periodicities of 10-11 basepairs (bp). Two sources contribute to such signals: correlations in the corresponding protein sequences due to the amphipatic character of alpha-helices and the folding of DNA (nucleosomal patterns, DNA supercoiling). Since the topological state of genomic DNA is of importance for its replication, recombination and transcription, there is an immediate interest to obtain information about the supercoiled state from sequence periodicities. RESULTS We show that correlations within proteins affect mainly the oscillations at distances below 35 bp. The long-ranging correlations up to 100 bp reflect primarily DNA folding. For the yeast genome these oscillations are consistent in detail with the chromatin structure. For eubacteria and archaea the periods deviate significantly from the 10.55 bp value for free DNA. These deviations suggest that while a period of 11 bp in bacteria reflects negative supercoiling, the significantly different period of thermophilic archaea close to 10 bp corresponds to positive supercoiling of thermophilic archaeal genomes. AVAILABILITY Protein sets and C programs for the calculation of correlation functions are available on request from the authors (see http://itb.biologie.hu-berlin.de).
Use of dehydrated human amniotic membrane allografts to promote healing in patients with refractory non healing wounds

Non healing wounds present a significant social and economic burden. Chronic non healing wounds are estimated to affect as many as 1–2% of individuals during their lifetime, and account for billions of dollars of expense annually on both a national and global basis. Our purpose is to describe the use of a novel dehydrated amniotic membrane allograft (EpiFix®; MiMedx Group, Inc., Kennesaw, GA) for the treatment of chronic non healing wounds. We describe the results of EpiFix treatment in four patients who had not achieved wound closure with both conservative and advanced measures, and had been referred for a definitive plastic surgery procedure. Healing was observed in a variety of wounds with one to three applications of the dehydrated amniotic membrane material. The material was well tolerated by patients. Healed wounds did not recur in long‐term follow‐up. Further investigation of the use of dehydrated amniotic membrane in broader application to various types of dermal wounds should be considered.
Mixing of vineyard and oak‐tree ecotypes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in North American vineyards

Humans have had a significant impact on the distribution and abundance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae through its widespread use in beer, bread and wine production. Yet, similar to other Saccharomyces species, S. cerevisiae has also been isolated from habitats unrelated to fermentations. Strains of S. cerevisiae isolated from grapes, wine must and vineyards worldwide are genetically differentiated from strains isolated from oak‐tree bark, exudate and associated soil in North America. However, the causes and consequences of this differentiation have not yet been resolved. Historical differentiation of these two groups may have been influenced by geographic, ecological or human‐associated barriers to gene flow. Here, we make use of the relatively recent establishment of vineyards across North America to identify and characterize any active barriers to gene flow between these two groups. We examined S. cerevisiae strains isolated from grapes and oak trees within three North American vineyards and compared them to those isolated from oak trees outside of vineyards. Within vineyards, we found evidence of migration between grapes and oak trees and potential gene flow between the divergent oak‐tree and vineyard groups. Yet, we found no vineyard genotypes on oak trees outside of vineyards. In contrast, Saccharomyces paradoxus isolated from the same sources showed population structure characterized by isolation by distance. The apparent absence of ecological or genetic barriers between sympatric vineyard and oak‐tree populations of S. cerevisiae implies that vineyards play an important role in the mixing between these two groups.
Assessment of physical activity: an important epidemiological issue

Introduction: The body of evidence about the benefits of physical activity (PA) on health is massive. There are several distinct subjective and objective methods to evaluate PA levels, which can be a source of bias in self-reported outcomes. Objective: The purpose of the present essay was to review findings from recent research with particular focus on PA assessment, and point out some issues for future research. Conclusion: The variability among evaluation methods compromises comparability between studies. Special attention should be given to self-report instruments that can lead to some sort of bias. Therefore, it is important for proper theoretical basis with respect to the objectives and types of PA, which should be considered before selecting the instrument to be applied in a given population. Views of several review studies were discussed and recommendations were presented. Quantificacao de atividade fisica: uma importante questao epidemiologica Introducao: O corpo de evidencias cientificas a repeito dos beneficios da atividade fisica (AF) para a saude e massivo. Existem varios metodos subjetivos e objetivos distintos para avaliar os niveis de AF, e desfechos autorrelatados pode ser fonte de vies. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente ensaio foi revisar os achados de pesquisa recente com foco particular na avaliacao de PA e apontar algumas questoes para pesquisa futura. Conclusao: A variabilidade entre os metodos de avaliacao prejudica a comparabilidade entre os estudos. Deve-se dar atencao especial aos instrumentos de autorrelato que podem levar a algum tipo de vies. Por isso, e importante, inicialmente, estabelecer a base teorica adequada com relacao aos objetivos e aos tipos de AF. Tais consideracoes devem ter lugar antes de se selecionar o instrumento a ser aplicado em uma determinada populacao. Neste trabalho, f oram examinados varios estudos de revisao e foram apresentadas recomendacoes.
Lead and δ-Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Polymorphism: Where Does It Lead? A Meta-Analysis

Background Lead poisoning affects many organs in the body. Lead inhibits δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), an enzyme with two co-dominantly expressed alleles, ALAD1 and ALAD2. Objective Our meta-analysis studied the effects of the ALAD polymorphism on a) blood and bone lead levels and b) indicators of target organ toxicity. Data source We included studies reporting one or more of the following by individuals with genotypes ALAD1-1 and ALAD1-2/2-2: blood lead level (BLL), tibia or trabecular lead level, zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), hemoglobin, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), dimercaptosuccinic acid–chelatable lead, or blood pressure. Data extraction Sample sizes, means, and standard deviations were extracted for the genotype groups. Data synthesis There was a statistically significant association between ALAD2 carriers and higher BLL in lead-exposed workers (weighted mean differences of 1.93 μg/dL). There was no association with ALAD carrier status among environmentally exposed adults with BLLs < 10 μg/dL. ALAD2 carriers were potentially protected against adverse hemapoietic effects (ZPP and hemoglobin levels), perhaps because of decreased lead bioavailability to heme pathway enzymes. Conclusion Carriers of the ALAD2 allele had higher BLLs than those who were ALAD1 homozygous and higher hemoglobin and lower ZPP, and the latter seems to be inversely related to BLL. Effects on other organs were not well delineated, partly because of the small number of subjects studied and potential modifications caused by other proteins in target tissues or by other polymorphic genes.
Robust causal transform coding for LQG systems with delay loss in communications

A networked controlled system (NCS) in which the plant communicates to the controller over a channel with random delay loss is considered. The channel model is motivated by recent development of tree codes for NCS, which effectively translates an erasure channel to one with random delay. A causal transform coding scheme is presented which exploits the plant state memory for efficient communications (compression) and provides robustness to channel delay loss. In this setting, we analyze the performance of linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) closed-loop systems and the design of the optimal controller. The design of the transform code for LQG systems is posed as a channel optimized source coding problem of minimizing a weighted mean squared error over the channel. The solution is characterized in two steps of obtaining the optimized causal encoding and decoding transforms and rate allocation across a set of transform coding quantizers. Numerical and simulation results for Gauss-Markov sources and an LQG system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
Count Regression Models in SAS ®

This paper provides a survey of count regression models in SAS, which incorporates various count data modeling strategies. Our estimation procedure allows for a wide variety of count data distributions which can be used to model both underand over-dispersed count data. We also provide estimation procedures that estimate count data that has excess zeros (zero-inflated) in the sample. A SAS macro is provided to allow one to estimate a variety of count regression models including: zero-inflated, hurdle, censored, truncated, finite mixture, semi-parametric, squared polynomial expansion, and generalized heterogeneous. Model evaluations are carried out via statistical tests, including goodness-of-fit, Vuong’s test, and information criteria. This paper provides a SAS macro program that incorporates a comprehensive list of count regression models and evaluates the performance of various count models.
A New Dogleg Method for Solving the Trust-Region Subproblem

Abstract: In this paper a new dogleg method for solving the trust region subproblem where convergence is based on constructing two paths is presented. The condition on the paths is incorporated into an algorithm to determine the optimum point of a smooth function. Numerical experiments with some classical problems showed that the new dogleg method is robust and efficient.
2011 China Located International Conference on Infonnation Systems for Crisis Response and Management Research on Customer Segmentation Based on Oca Cluster Ensemble in Customer Crisis Management

At present, single cluster model is adopted usually for customer segmentation. In this paper, clustering ensemble technology is applied to customer segmentation improves the cluster performance in customer crisis management owing to the uncertainty and fuzziness of customer behavior. First, this paper regards objective cluster analysis (OCA) as basic clusterer, which overcomes the shortcoming that current traditional customer segmentation methods cannot determine the number of clusters objectively, and then use a co-occasion matrix to combine the multiple clusterings to obtain the final consensus clustering. Finally, experiments show that the objective clustering ensemble algorithm based on random projection not only improves the accuracy of customer segmentation, but also finds out the optional clustering scheme in an automatic and objective way.
Improving Region Selection Through Early-Exit Detection

Many dynamic binary translation (DBT) systems and just-in-time compilers target traces, i.e. frequently-taken execution paths, as code regions to be translated/optimized. The Next-Tail-Execution (NET) trace selection method used in HP Dynamo is an early example of such techniques. Many current trace optimization schemes are actually variations of NET. These NET-like trace optimizations work very well for most traces, but they also suffer the same problem: the selected traces may contain a large number of early exits that could branch out in the middle of traces. If early exits are taken frequently during program execution, the benefit of trace optimization could be lost due to the overhead of costly compensation code in the trace epilogue. We refer to traces/regions with frequently taken earlyexits as delinquent traces/regions. Our empirical study shows that at least 9 of the 12 SPEC CPU2006 integer benchmarks have delinquent traces, i.e., if we use NET to select traces, each of these nine benchmarks will take more than 100 early exits per million executed instructions in their traces. In this paper, we significantly improve the performance of NET by merging delinquent traces into larger code regions. We propose a light-weight region formation technique called Early-Exit Guided region selection (EEG)to improve the performance by iteratively detecting and merging delinquent regions into larger code regions. Hardware assisted dynamic profiling is first used to identify hot code regions without incurring significant runtime overhead. Key software counters are then instrumented at the exit points of the hot regions to detect early exits. When a counter exceeds certain threshold value, the code region that begins at the branch target of that early exit is merged into the main code region. We also employ a heuristic to decide whether it is beneficial to merge the selected regions or not. We will not merge two regions if the cost of spill code is too high for the merged code. We implement our EEG algorithm in two LLVM-based parallel dynamic binary translators. These two parallel dynamic binary translators are for ARM and IA32 instruction set architecture (ISA) respectively, and both use multiple compilation threads to compile different code regions concurrently. We evaluate the performance of EEG with two benchmark suites: the SPEC CPU2006 single-threaded benchmark suite with reference inputs, and the PARSEC multi-threaded benchmarks with native inputs. The experimental results show that, compared to NET, EEG can achieve a performance improvement of up to 67% (13% on average) for SPEC CPU2006 integer benchmarks, and up to 20% (10% on average) for PARSEC multi-threaded benchmarks.
The Assessment of Individual Moral Goodness

In a field dominated by research on moral prescription (business ethics) and moral prediction (behavioral ethics), there is poor understanding of the place of moral perceptions in organizations alongside philosophical ethics and causal models of ethical outcomes. As leadership failures continue to plague organizational health and firms recognize the wide-ranging impact of subjective bias, scholars and practitioners need a renewed frame of reference from which to reconceptualize their current understanding of ethics as perceived in individuals. Based on an assessment and selection perspective from the field of human resource management, an alternative to conventional deductive-prescriptive approaches is proposed based on a pluralistic concept referred to as moral goodness. An inductive-descriptive theory-building framework is constructed based on three interrelated streams of inquiry to yield insight concerning both formal and informal instances of assessment. Recommendations are proposed for the application of the framework to future research and practice.
Self-estimated physical functioning poorly predicts actual exercise capacity in adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease.

AIMS The aim of this study is to compare self-reported health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) with the objective of exercise performance in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) according to diagnosis. METHODS AND RESULTS 564 patients (255 females, 14-73 years) with various CHD (62 shunt, 66 left heart obstruction, 33 PS/PR, 47 Ebstein, 96 Fallot, 98 TGA after atrial switch, 38 other TGA, 31 Fontan, 32 palliated/native cyanotic, 61 others) and a group of 53 healthy controls (18 females, 14-57 years) completed a QoL questionnaire (SF-36) and performed a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test. Despite several limitations at exercise (P = 1.30 x 10(-33)), patients only reported reductions in HRQoL concerning physical functioning (P = 4.41 x 10(-15)) and general health (P = 6.17 x 10(-5)) and not psychosocial aspects. This could be confirmed in all diagnostic subgroups. Correlation to peak oxygen uptake was found in physical functioning (r = 0.435, P = 1.72 x 10(-27)) and general health (r = 0.275, P = 3.79 x 10(-11)). However, there was severe overestimation of physical functioning in most patients when compared with actual exercise test results. CONCLUSION Patients with CHD rate their HRQoL impaired only in physical functioning and general health and not in any psychosocial aspect. Self-estimated physical functioning poorly predicts actual exercise capacity.
An Improved Physics-Based Formulation of the Microwave p-i-n Diode Impedance

An improved formulation of the frequency-dependent impedance for p-i-n diodes from physical and geometrical parameters is presented. This work is addressed to diode designers and allows them to evaluate quickly and accurately the diode impedance. It comes in parallel with existing SPICE p-i-n diode model used in CAD software. Under forward bias conditions, important recombinations occur in the heavily doped end regions of thin p-i-n diodes that seriously affects the diode impedance. This effect is taken into account to increase the accuracy of existing numerical models and to extend their validity domain to any I-region thicknesses. This improvement has been validated by measurement results on a 5-mum I-region width silicon p-i-n diode
Regional variation in spending and survival for older adults with advanced cancer.

BACKGROUND Medicare spending varies substantially across the United States. We evaluated the association between mean regional spending and survival in advanced cancer. METHODS We identified 116 523 subjects with advanced cancer from 2002 to 2007, using Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked data. Subjects were aged 65 years and older with non-small cell lung, colon, breast, prostate, or pancreas cancer. Of these subjects, 61 083 had incident advanced-stage cancer (incident cohort) and 98 935 had death from cancer (decedent cohort); 37% of subjects were included in both cohorts. Subjects were linked to one of 80 hospital referral regions within SEER areas. We estimated mean regional spending in both cohorts. We assessed the primary outcome, survival, in the incident cohort; the exposure measure was the quintile of regional spending in the decedent cohort. Survival in quintiles 2 through 5 was compared with that in quintile 1 (lowest spending quintile) using Cox regression models. RESULTS From quintile 1 to 5, mean regional spending increased by 32% and 41% in the incident and decedent cohorts (incident cohort: $28 854 to $37 971; decedent cohort: $27 446 to $38 630). The association between spending and survival varied by cancer site and quintile; hazard ratios ranged from 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82 to 1.04, pancreas cancer quintile 5) to 1.24 (95% CI = 1.11 to 1.39, breast cancer quintile 3). In most cases, differences in survival between quintile 1 and quintiles 2 through 5 were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION There is substantial regional variation in Medicare spending for advanced cancer, yet no consistent association between mean regional spending and survival.
MLP-based Assamese Character and Numeral Recognition using an Innovative Hybrid Feature Set

Neural number recognition as an extension of an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system requires a unique feature set capturing relevant details of the input profiles. The performance of such a recognition system depends on the feature set. The work deals with the design of a combined character and numeral recognition system using a hybrid feature set applied earlier to the recognition of Assamese characters. The work also describes the use of a modified hybrid feature set derived for handwritten numeral detection using a neural network. The set aims to maximize recognition performance, improve robustness and invariance to shape and size in presence of noise.
A NEURO-ETHOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR THE TSP: CHANGING METAPHORS IN CONNECTIONIST MODELS

Biological systems often offer solutions to difficult problems which are not only original but also efficient. Connectionist models have been inspired by neural systems and successfully applied to the formulation of algorithms for solving complex problems such as the travelling salesman problem. In this paper we extend the connectionist metaphor to include an ethological account of how problems similar to the travelling salesman problem are solved by real living systems. A model is presented in which a population of neural networks with simple sensory-motor systems evolve genetically in simulated environments which represent the problem instances to be solved. Preliminary results are discussed, showing how the ethological metaphor allows to overcome some shortcomings of other connectionist models, such as their time and space complexity.