Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recommendation-based modeling support for data mining processes

RapidMiner is a software tool that allows users to define data mining processes based on a visual model and implements a variety of so-called "operators" for data extraction, manipulation, model learning and analysis. The large number of available operators can however make it challenging for the process designer to find the appropriate operators for the problem at hand. At the same time, some operators are only meaningful when combined with certain others. In this work, we evaluate different strategies of recommending additional operators to the user during the design of the process. The recommendation models are learned using a pool of several thousand existing data mining processes and evaluated in an offline experiment. The results indicate that good predictive accuracy can already be achieved with comparably simple co-occurrence based algorithms.
Apocynin attenuates renal fibrosis via inhibition of NOXs-ROS-ERK-myofibroblast accumulation in UUO rats

Abstract Background: Oxidative stress has been identified as an important pathogenesis mechanism in the development of renal interstitial fibrosis in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Previous studies have demonstrated increased expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOXs) in response to UUO. We aimed to investigate whether NOXs activation was involved in the development of renal fibrosis in UUO by contribution to oxidative stress and the potential mechanism in the present study. Methods: Apocynin, a NOXs inhibitor, was initiated immediately by gavage after UUO was performed on Wistar rats and continued until 7 days after UUO. Changes of markers of oxidative stress, renal macrophage infiltration and fibrosis, TGF-β1 expression, NOXs expression and activity, and ERK activation were evaluated. Results: Apocynin significantly attenuated the activity of NOXs, accompanied with decreased expression of NOX2, NOX4, and oxidative stress markers in the obstructed kidneys of UUO. Additionally, collagen deposition and renal fibrosis induced by UUO were attenuated by apocynin treatment. Furthermore, apocynin treatment significantly attenuated the phosphorylation of ERK, accumulation of myofibroblast and infiltration of macrophage in obstructed kidneys. No significant effect of apocynin on UUO-induced increased TGF-β1 expression could be observed. And there was no significant change of anti-oxidants enzyme activities in the obstructed kidneys of apocynin-treated rats. Conclusions: These results suggested that apocynin might exert beneficial effects on renal fibrosis by inhibition of NOXs activation and subsequent reduction of oxidative stress, ERK activation, and myofibroblast accumulation in UUO rats. Targeting NOXs may serve as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
Swimming kinematics of fast starts are altered by temperature acclimation in the marine fish Myoxocephalus scorpius

The swimming kinematics of prey capture was studied in short-horned sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius L.) acclimated for 6­8 weeks to either 5 °C or 15 °C (12 h:12 h light:dark) using 15 °C-acclimated shrimps as prey. Fish acclimated to 5 °C remained interested in feeding following an acute rise in temperature to 15 °C over 12 h. Prey capture was a stereotyped behaviour consisting of stalking and stationary phases, followed by an S-shaped fast-start (stage 1), a propulsive stroke (stage 2) and a glide of variable duration during which the mouth was expanded and protruded to suck in the prey (stage 3). The duration of the preparatory stroke (half tail-beat, stage 1) was significantly shorter at 15 °C (48.8 ms) than at 5 °C (108.3 ms) in the 5 °C-acclimated sculpin (Q10=2.2). For 5 °C-acclimated fish, at 5 °C, the maximum values for acceleration and velocity along the path travelled by the fish were 16.2 m s-2 and 0.8 m s-1 respectively. Both variables were relatively independent of acute temperature change (Q10=1.1­1.2; P>0.1). At 15 °C, the maximum velocity was 33 % higher and the tail-beat duration of the propulsive stroke was 37 % shorter in 15 °C-acclimated than in 5 °C-acclimated fish. Both stride length and tail-beat amplitude were significantly higher (28 and 23 % respectively) in 15 °C- compared with 5 °C-acclimated sculpin at 15 °C. The results demonstrate plasticity in the major kinematic variables of fast-starts following warm acclimation sufficient to increase the percentage of successful attacks during prey capture from 23.2 to 73.4 %.
Camera Sensor Model for Visual SLAM

In this paper, we present a technique for the construction of a camera sensor model for visual SLAM. The proposed method is an extension of the general camera calibration procedure and requires the camera to observe a planar checkerboard pattern shown at different orientations. By iteratively placing the pattern at different distances from the camera, we can find a relationship between the measurement noise covariance matrix and the range. We conclude that the error distribution of a camera sensor follows a Gaussian distribution, based on the Geary's test, and the magnitude of the error variance is linearly related to the range between the camera and the features being observed. Our sensor model can potentially benefit visual SLAM algorithms by varying its measurement noise covariance matrix with range.
RHO-ASSOCIATED KINASE MODULATES MYOCARDIAL INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE RESPONSES

Rho, a Ser-Thr kinase identified as a member of the RAS GTPase super family, is highly expressed in the heart, and has been implicated in the development of heart failure. GTPase Rho is located downstream of Gq, and Rho and the associated kinase (Rho kinase) regulate myofibril organization, apoptosis, and myofibrillar sensitivity to calcium. Myocardial injury and dysfunction occur after major burn injury, and this phenomenon has been linked to cardiac myocyte synthesis and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Whether Rho-associated kinase modulates any aspect of cardiomyocyte synthesis of inflammatory mediators, contributing to myocardial dysfunction, has not been studied and was the focus of this study. Hearts were collected at several times postburn to determine if an acute injury such as thermal trauma altered myocardial Rho kinase expression. In addition, cardiomyocytes were isolated (collagenase digestion) from adult control Sprague Dawley rats, plated (5 × 104 cells/microtiter well), incubated with medium alone or in the presence of burn serum (collected 24 h after burn over 40% total body surface area in rats) in a CO2 incubator at 37°C in the presence/absence of specific Rho-kinase inhibitors (HA1077, 10μM or Y27632, 10 μM). After 18 h, supernatants were collected to measure secreted cytokines (enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay), cells were loaded with Fura-2AM (2 μg) or sodium-binding benzofurzan isophthalate (2 μg) for 45 min at 37°C, and fluorescence was measured with an InCyt IM2 fluorescence imaging system to measure myocyte calcium and sodium. In parallel studies, cells were examined to determine if burn serum challenge increased Rho kinase in this cell population. In vivo burn injury or in vitro burn serum challenge of isolated myocytes increased Rho-kinase expression and promoted cardiomyocyte secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 6, and increased cardiomyocyte calcium and sodium levels compared with values measured when myocytes were incubated in medium alone (P < 0.05). Pretreating cardiomyocytes with Rho-kinase inhibitor (HA1077 or Y27632) prevented burn serum-related upregulation of Rho-kinase and attenuated the associated inflammatory cytokine responses, and attenuated myocyte calcium and sodium loading. Our data suggest that the Rho-kinase pathway is one potential upstream regulator of cardiac inflammatory response to burn injury.
The Political Legacies of Combat : Attitudes towards war and 1 tantscomba-ex Israelipeace amongst

Does combat experience foster hardliner approaches to conflict, diminishing the likelihood of reconciliation? We exploit the assignment of health rankings determining combat eligibility in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) to examine the effect of combat exposure on support for peaceful resolution of conflict. Given the centrality of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict to global affairs, and with no resolution to the conflict currently in sight, the question of the political consequences of combat becomes all the more pressing. We find that exposure to combat hardens attitudes towards the rival and reduces support for negotiation and compromise. Importantly, these attitudes translate directly into voting behavior, such that combatants are more likely to vote for hardliner parties. These findings cast doubt on research highlighting the benign effects of combat and underscore the importance of combatant reintegration for the transition from conflict to peace. 1 We thank the Tami Steinmetz Center for Peace Research at Tel Aviv University, the Levi Eshkol Institute for Social, Economic and Political Research in Israel at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the Harry S. Truman Research Institute for the Advancement of Peace at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and the Leonard Davis Institute for International Relations at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem for their support of this project. We thank Alex Coppock for excellent research assistance and Marc Meredith, Teppei Yamamoto, Macartan Humphreys and Jacob Shapiro for advice on various parts of this project. Participants at EPSA (2013), APSA (2013) and NEWEPS 1 (NYU) and at seminars at Columbia and the University of Pennsylvania also provided valuable feedback. 2 University of Pennsylvania 3 Hebrew University of Jerusalem 4 Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Hepatoblastoma Biology Using Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry: Utility of a Unique Technique for the Analysis of Oncological Specimens.

INTRODUCTION Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary liver tumor in children. However, it occurs rarely, with an incidence of 0.5-1.5 cases per million children. There is no clear explanation of the relationship between clinicopathologic features, therapy, and outcome in hepatoblastoma cases, so far. One of the most widely accepted prognostic factors in hepatoblastoma is histology of the tumor. The aim of the study was to determine the potential differences in biology of hepatoblastoma histological subtypes at the atomic level using the unique method of isotope ratio mass spectrometry, which is especially valuable in examination of small groups of biological samples. MATERIAL/METHODS Twenty-four measurements of nitrogen stable isotope ratio, carbon stable isotope ratio and total carbon to nitrogen mass ratio in fetal and embryonal hepatoblastoma tissue were performed using a Sercon 20-22 Continuous Flow Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (CF-IRMS) coupled with a Sercon SL elemental analyzer for simultaneous carbon-nitrogen-sulfur (NCS) analysis. RESULTS A difference of about 1.781‰ in stable nitrogen isotope 15N/14N ratio was found between examined hepatoblastoma histological subtypes. CONCLUSIONS The prognosis in liver tumors cases in children may be challenging particularly because of the lack of versatile methods of its evaluation. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry allows one to determine the difference between hepatoblastoma histological subtypes and clearly indicates the cases with the best outcome.
Space-time diversity enhancements using collaborative communications

The use of the spatial dimension is known to greatly increase the reliability of quasi-static (i.e., nonergodic) wireless channels. In this paper, it is demonstrated that most of this gain can also be achieved through collaborative communications with single-antenna/multiple-antenna nodes when there is one receiving agent. In particular, for the single-antenna case, communication is considered to take place between clusters of nearby nodes. The existence of collaborative codes for which the intra-cluster negotiation penalty is, in principle, small (and almost all the diversity gain of traditional space-time codes may be realized) is shown. For example, for a single transmitter node with two collaborators and one receiver node, if the collaborators have as little as a 10-dB path loss advantage over the receiver, the penalty for collaboration over traditional space-time systems is negligible.
Emotions in voice. Acoustic and perceptual analysis of voice quality in the vocal expression of emotions

The aim of this investigation is to study how well voice quality conveys emotional content that can be discriminated by human listeners and the computer. The speech data were produced by nine professional actors (four women, five men). The speakers simulated the following basic emotions in a unit consisting of a vowel extracted from running Finnish speech: neutral, sadness, joy, anger, and tenderness. The automatic discrimination was clearly more successful than human emotion recognition. Human listeners thus apparently need longer speech samples than vowel-length units for reliable emotion discrimination than the machine, which utilizes quantitative parameters effectively for short speech samples.
Simulation-based approach for avoiding external faults

When a robot interacts with its environment to perform tasks, it often faces unexpected situations which render its actions unsuccessful despite perfect functioning of its components. These situations occur as deviations of properties of the objects (manipulated by the robot) from their acceptable values. Hence, they are experienced by the robot as external faults. In this work, we propose a simulation-based approach for avoiding the external faults that occur during the manipulation actions of a robot which involve releasing of objects. With the help of a single example simulation, that shows the behavior of the manipulated object for successful completion of the action, the proposed approach constructs different examples of the object's behavior and labels them as `desired' or `undesired'. These labelled examples are used by an algorithm, which we refer as N-Bins, to suggest a releasing state of the object that avoids the occurrence of external faults. Once exposed to the labelled examples, N-Bins can also be used for predicting the occurrence of external faults for a given releasing state of the object. These abilities of N-Bins are used by the approach to modify the releasing action of the robot for avoiding external faults. We present the approach as a four-step scheme that performs the above mentioned tasks completely autonomously.
Assembly of the Arp5 (Actin-related Protein) Subunit Involved in Distinct INO80 Chromatin Remodeling Activities*

Background: DNA is packaged into nucleosomes, which are positioned by ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers. Results: The Arp5 subunit of the INO80 complex that lacks unique insertion domains stimulates ATP hydrolysis without facilitating nucleosome sliding. Conclusion: The Arp5-Ies6 subunit module is required for productive chromatin remodeling in vitro. Significance: Subunit modules contribute to different chromatin remodeling functions and nucleosome organization that regulates DNA-templated processes. ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, which repositions and restructures nucleosomes, is essential to all DNA-templated processes. The INO80 chromatin remodeling complex is an evolutionarily conserved complex involved in diverse cellular processes, including transcription, DNA repair, and replication. The functional diversity of the INO80 complex can, in part, be attributed to specialized activities of distinct subunits that compose the complex. Furthermore, structural analyses have identified biochemically discrete subunit modules that assemble along the Ino80 ATPase scaffold. Of particular interest is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Arp5-Ies6 module located proximal to the Ino80 ATPase and the Rvb1-Rvb2 helicase module needed for INO80-mediated in vitro activity. In this study we demonstrate that the previously uncharacterized Ies2 subunit is required for Arp5-Ies6 association with the catalytic components of the INO80 complex. In addition, Arp5-Ies6 module assembly with the INO80 complex is dependent on distinct conserved domains within Arp5, Ies6, and Ino80, including the spacer region within the Ino80 ATPase domain. Arp5-Ies6 interacts with chromatin via assembly with the INO80 complex, as IES2 and INO80 deletion results in loss of Arp5-Ies6 chromatin association. Interestingly, ectopic addition of the wild-type Arp5-Ies6 module stimulates INO80-mediated ATP hydrolysis and nucleosome sliding in vitro. However, the addition of mutant Arp5 lacking unique insertion domains facilitates ATP hydrolysis in the absence of nucleosome sliding. Collectively, these results define the requirements of Arp5-Ies6 assembly, which are needed to couple ATP hydrolysis to productive nucleosome movement.
POSITIVE PREDATOR–PREDATOR INTERACTIONS: ENHANCED PREDATION RATES AND SYNERGISTIC SUPPRESSION OF APHID POPULATIONS

Interactions among predators can a have substantial effect on the total impact of the predator complex. We investigated the interaction between foliar-foraging (Coccinella septempunctata) and ground-foraging (Harpalus pennsylvanicus) predators of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) in a series of laboratory and field experiments. The intensity and direction of the interaction were determined by comparing the combined and individual impacts of both predators. In a laboratory mesocosm, the combined predation rate of both predators was nearly double the sum of their individual predation rates. The mechanism for the interaction was the aphid "dropping" behavior elicited by C. septempunctata, which rendered the aphids susceptible to predation by H. pennsylvanicus on the ground. The strength of the synergistic interaction increased with increasing prey density. The interaction between the predators was also demonstrated in both open and closed field cages where the combined impact of the two predators on aphid population growth was significantly greater than the sum of their individual impacts. These results indicate that the importance of ground-foraging predators in agroecosys- tems may need to be reevaluated and that positive interactions between predators must be considered in models predicting the impact of multiple predator complexes.
Book Review: The Future of English in Asia: Perspectives on Language and Literature

There are a few key concepts in corpus linguistics that are underemphasized in the book, including “representativeness” and “normalization. ” In a related way, statistical analysis is given only summary attention. Representativeness is not mentioned as such, though the authors regularly refer to “context” of corpus data to refer to the nature of the population from which a corpus was drawn. A clear and explicit discussion of representativeness can avoid the common problem of discussing representativeness in general, rather than as a relationship between a specific corpus and a particular, larger body of language in use. Normalization is discussed only in terms of normalizing per million words. This is problematic, but not a problem unique to this book, as such normalization is the default for a vast amount of corpus research— indeed, there may not be a pedagogical resource that adequately describes normalization options. Nonetheless, a book on corpus linguistics for grammar would have constituted a good opportunity to explain alternative grammatical normalizations, including normalizing features per phrase (e.g., per noun phrase), per clause (e.g., per main clause, per subordinate clause), or per word class (e.g., per noun, per verb). Finally, statistical analysis in the book is limited to three calculations (log likelihood, t tests, and mutual information), and an online calculator is recommended, but there is no clear method presented for selecting an appropriate test, and fundamental concepts like the notion of “occurrence by chance” are underexamined. That said, the book does not aim to teach statistical analysis, and instructors might choose to employ other resources, such as Oakes (1998), to illustrate statistical analysis as it relates to corpus experimental design. Despite these shortcomings, Jones and Waller’s book effectively fills a clear gap in the pedagogical literature by presenting in an elementary and engaging way the real value of corpora as data sources, and of corpus research in linguistics, for an audience new to the field. As a pedagogical tool, a textbook can be expected to model ways of thinking and practice in the field, and to inspire students to engage more fully with the subject matter. Jones and Waller’s book does just that.
Cardiovascular disease: is it time to finally recognise it as a complex, chronic life-span illness?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability globally. Success in reducing mortality has been seen in developed nations such as North America, Europe and Australia1. The technological advancements of recent decades, in particular interventional cardiology and pharmaceutical innovation, have contributed to this phenomenon. Yet nations experiencing economic development are now reporting increases in the burden of CVD, particularly heart failure. The above is typical of many introductory paragraphs to papers in the CVD literature. They report numerous prevalence and incidence data to support the severity and impact of the disease. Yet there persists an intense focus on one of two components of the patient journey: the acute event and its management; and/or heart failure. Far too little attention is given to the processes leading up to the acute event and to the period between the acute event and heart failure. What is missing is recognition of the complex yet unitary nature of the person’s lifetime cardiovascular journey. Conceptually, there is a shift from focusing predominantly on the presenting disease, to illness and sickness roles: with disease being a medical aspect of the experience, illness a personal and sickness a socially determined construct2. The impact of all three need comprehension as the interaction between them influences health and health outcomes. What is therefore needed is a way to contextualise the comprehension of these complex processes within a person-centred approach, as it is important for truly understanding their interaction. The person is situated within a broader social context where all the barriers and enablers to improving their health outcomes merge3. As such, the dominant focus of our efforts needs to shift from disease and diagnosis to illness and its management through partnership with patients, families and communities4. In attempting to stimulate scholarly debate, this editorial seeks to challenge some of the assumptions inherent in cardiovascular practice and research including: (i) The domination of an acute care/event/diagnosis focus in CVD management. (ii) The mistaken notion of ‘cure’. (iii) A linear approach to health behaviour change. (iv) The dominance of a ‘disease’ model rather than illness management.