Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A UNESCO Site as a Tool to Promote Local Attractiveness: Investigating Stakeholders’ Opinions

UNESCO World Heritage Sites are a useful tool to protect and promote the legacy human beings leave over the centuries. Ivrea, a 20th century industrial city, is the second Italian industrial site recorded in the UNESCO World Heritage List. It is a city in the North-West of Italy, historically known for the Olivetti factory, which made it world-famous by combining visionary ideals and a careful entrepreneurial policy. Our study focuses on the tourism value of the Ivrea UNESCO site and, in particular, aims at analyzing the level of integration of local stakeholders and their ability to identify guidelines for the promotion of the UNESCO site in terms of tourism. The research process was conducted with an in-depth analysis of the perception and consideration of public and private stakeholders concerning this topic. A questionnaire was prepared by a group of experts and individual interviews were conducted using the Delphi method; then, the results of the interviews were presented and the identification of priorities was carried out using the nominal group technique. Results show that the new UNESCO site in Ivrea has great potential, both in cultural terms, continuing the dissemination of Adriano Olivetti’s ideals, and in terms of tourism, because it may turn into a tourist attraction capable of generating new tourist flows and promoting the Olivetti approach.
To evaluate and compare the effect of 17% EDTA, 10% citric acid, 7% maleic acid on the dentinal tubule penetration depth of bio ceramic root canal sealer using confocal laser scanning microscopy: an in vitro study

Background: The main factors that affect the success of an endodontic infection are effective cleaning and shaping of the root canal system including complete disinfection by using chemical irrigating solutions and obturation with an endodontic sealer to provide a fluid-tight seal. Using rotary and hand instruments for shaping and cleaning the root canal along with irrigants produces a smear layer on the surface of the root dentin affecting the penetration of the endodontic sealer into the dentinal tubules. This smear is difficult to remove with the use of only endodontic irrigants, hence, chelating agents were introduced in adjunct with irrigating solutions for irrigation protocol for effective removal of smear layer which affect the penetration of endodontic sealers into the dentinal tubules. Methods: 32 mandibular premolar teeth were used. The biomechanical preparation was done till Protaper F3 size. Irrigation was done with 2.5 mL sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution after each instrumentation change for 1 min. Samples were then divided into 4 groups according to the irrigating solution used as the final rinse used with passive ultrasonic agitation. The groups were: Group I: 5 ml of saline, Group II: 5ml of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Group III: 5 ml of 10% citric acid, Group IV: 5 ml of 7% maleic acid each for one minute. All the canals were obturated with BioRoot tmRCS with gutta-percha using the ultrasonic condensation technique. For staining the samples for Confocal LASER microscopy, BioRoot tmRCS was mixed with Rhodamine B dye. Results: The maximum penetration of bio-ceramic sealer was observed in the coronal region. At the apical third, the maximum sealer penetration was seen with 7% maleic acid. Conclusions: Maximum sealer penetration was seen in the coronal section followed by the middle and apical section. Maximum sealer penetration was seen with 7 % maleic acid at the apical third.
Impact of Bilateral and Multilateral Aid on Domestic Savings in Low and Middle-Income Sub Sahara African Countries: Mediating Role of Institutional Quality

The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of bilateral and multilateral aid on domestic savings in SSA countries, and assess whether the impact depends on the quality of institutions. Using a panel data set of 28 selected SSA countries from 1996 – 2015, a model was specified and estimated using the techniques of random effects based on results of the Hausman test. The results show that only bilateral aid has a significant negative impact on domestic savings of SSA countries, implying a crowding-out effect. However, the impact of multilateral aid was found insignificant. After interacting bilateral and multilateral aid with institutional quality, it turns out that the negative impact of bilateral aid persists whereas multilateral aid shows a positive impact on domestic savings. It is interesting to note that aid regardless of the composition crowds out domestic savings in middle income SSA countries even after interacting with institutions, while for the case of low income countries, foreign aid particularly multilateral aid complements domestic saving if accompanied with improvement in the quality of institutions.
Text Structure in Retentive Stage on Semarang Typical Snack Advertisments

The purpose of this paper is to describe the type of text and the text structure of snack advertisements that are in the retentive stage. This paper focuses on the text of Semarang’s typical snack advertisements on the internet. The data collection method used was the observation method, followed by the note-taking technique. Most of the structures of the advertisements are incomplete, i.e. only “Reiteration”, although there is a “Thesis∧Reiteration” structure and an ”Argumentation∧ Reiteration” structure. Keywords: text structure; retentive stage, advertising text
Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

Abstract Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral motivations. Colorful signals have been well studied in the contexts of competition and mate choice; however, the role of these signals in nonsexual, affiliative relationships is not as well understood. Here, we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1) individual quality, 2) social dominance, and/or 3) affiliative relationships. Individuals with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory intruders. We did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size, but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant females. Additionally, patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged in. Dominant males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small patches. However, subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts themselves. Taken together, our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships within wild social groups.
A stochastic delayed SIS epidemic model with Holling type II incidence rate

Abstract In this article, a stochastic SIS epidemic model with constant time delay and Holling type II incidence rate is investigated. We firstly show the existence, uniqueness, and moment boundedness of the global positive solution. Then we extend the initial value space to a complete nonnegative continuous function space and obtain the existence of invariant measures for this system. Furthermore, the analysis of the asymptotic behavior around the disease-free equilibrium is given. To demonstrate, some numerical examples are provided to illustrate our results.
The effects of Transformational Leadership on In-role Performance: The Mediating Role of Meaningfulness at Work

Transformational leaders motivate their followers to perform above and beyond expectations. Although previous research has found that transformational leadership has a positive impact on employees' performance, the mechanism by which transformational leadership influences in-role performance has yet to be fully investigated. As a result, the current research will look at the function of one such mediator (meaningfulness at work) in understanding the link between transformational leadership and in-role performance. The data were collected from a sample of 204 employees working in the healthcare sector in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia. In addition, the collected data were analyzed using the partial least squares technique to achieve the study findings. The current study found that transformational leadership has a considerable favorable impact on followers' in-role performance. In addition, meaningfulness at work was shown to mediate the association between transformational leadership and in-role performance in this study. The implications of the findings, limitations of the study, and its scope for future research are also discussed.
Higher Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio at Admission is Association with Post-PCI Depressive Symptoms in Patients with ACS

Background Depression and elevated blood biomarkers of inflammation are common in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an indicator of peripheral inflammation and has been proved to be associated with both ACS and depression. Purpose Our aim was to evaluate the possible association between NLR at admission and post-PCI depressive symptoms at 1 month. Patients and Methods A total of 224 patients with ACS who underwent PCI for the first time were recruited and completed 1-month follow-up. The 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24) was used to measure depressive symptoms at 1 month after PCI. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between different NLR levels and post-PCI depressive symptoms. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the value of NLR for predicting post-PCI depressive symptoms and to determine its critical value. Results Of the 224 enrolled patients, 52 (23.2%) patients were diagnosed with depressive symptoms at 1 month after PCI. Patients with depressive symptoms showed significantly higher level of NLR at admission than patients without depressive symptoms (4.33 (3.26, 7.01) vs 2.57 (1.72, 3.91), P < 0.001). The proportion of depressive symptoms in post-PCI patients increases progressively along with NLR quartile. In the results of multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of post-PCI depressive symptoms was 12.028 (95% CI, 2.642–54.752) for the lowest quartile of NLR compared with the highest quartile. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), the area under the curve (AUC) for predicting post-PCI depressive symptoms was 0.716 (95% CI, 0.641–0.791; P < 0.001), and the optimal cutoff of NLR levels was 3.235 (sensitivity: 76.9%, specificity: 66.9%). Conclusion Higher NLR levels at admission were associated with post-PCI depressive symptoms at 1 month, suggesting that NLR might be useful inflammatory markers to predict post-PCI depressive symptoms at 1 month.
Unmet Needs and Resilience: The Case of Vulnerable and Marginalized Populations in Nairobi’s Informal Settlements

Catalyzing change and promoting sustainable cities in informal settlements and their residents requires an understanding of unmet needs and resilience among marginalized and vulnerable groups (MVGs). This is because needs identified on behalf of MVGs as “unmet” are sometimes not perceived as unmet, or even “meetable”, and resilience strategies from above are often perceived as unsuitable by the MVGs. To the best of our knowledge, no study has used governance diaries to identify the unmet needs and resilience strategies of MVGs from their perspectives. As such, this study explored the unmet needs and resilience strategies of MVGs in informal settlements using governance diaries. This was a qualitative study using governance diaries with 24 participants from two informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. We used Maslow’s hierarchy of needs for the framework analysis. We identified unmet needs related to physiology, safety, love and belonging, and self-esteem, in the order of the hierarchy. MVGs did not need the full satisfaction of a lower need to yearn for a higher one, and continue living despite their unmet needs. However, there were no self-actualization needs as the participants could not satisfy the lower level needs. The urban paradox reminds us that cities are not always beneficial for all. There is a continued need for holistic approaches to uncover the often hidden resilience strategies for achieving unmet needs. Our study identified behavioural and cognitive resilience strategies. As such, actors need to embrace and build on local resilience strategies in efforts to address the unmet needs of MVGs in pursuit of inclusive urbanization in Africa. The identification of unmet needs and resilience strategies adds to the literature, policy and practice on how and why residents and MVGs continue working and living in informal settlements despite a lack of or inadequate basic amenities. Our study findings imply that actors in informal settlements need to build on and re-build local resilience strategies in pursuit of inclusive and liveable urbanization in Africa, as unmet needs tend to increase with worsened marginality and vulnerability status. Beyond the resilience strategies adopted by MVGs, governments, service providers and caregivers should take more useful actions to prevent or reduce unmet needs.
Factors Associated with Non-Evidence-Based Overdose Responses among People Who Use Prescription Opioids Non-Medically in Rural Appalachia

Abstract Background: Opioid-related overdose deaths recently accelerated. In response, overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) has been implemented widely, though access remains sparse in rural Appalachia. Despite increasing OEND, risk factors for non-evidence-based overdose responses among the training-naïve remain unknown. Methods: We enrolled 169 adults who use prescription opioids non-medically and reside in rural West Virginia (August 2014-March 2015). Participants were interviewed about witnessing overdose (lifetime and prior-year), characteristics of the most recent overdose, responses to the overdose, and OEND acceptability. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with non-evidence-based responses to overdose. Results: Among the 73 participants who witnessed an opioid-related overdose, the majority (n = 53, 73%) reported any non-evidence-based responses. Participants were significantly more likely to report a non-evidence-based response when victims were unresponsive (OR = 3.36; 95% CI = 1.07, 10.58). Common evidence-based responses included staying with the victim until help arrived (n = 66, 90%) and calling 911 (n = 63, 86%), while the most common non-evidence-based responses were hitting or slapping the victim (n = 37, 51%) and rubbing the victim with ice or placing them in a cold shower or bath (n = 14, 19%). While most (n = 60, 82%) had never heard of OEND, the majority (n = 69, 95%) were willing to train, particularly those reporting non-evidence-based responses (n = 52, 98%). Conclusions: These findings underscore the need to expand access to OEND in rural communities and indicate OEND is acceptable to training-naïve individuals who use opioids in rural Appalachia. Given the “harm reduction deserts” in the region, approaches to expand OEND should be pursued.
Molecular Pincers Using a Combination of N-H and C-H Donors for Anion Binding

A naphthalene imide (1) and a naphthalene (2) bearing two pyrrole units have been synthesized, respectively, as anion receptors. It was revealed by 1H NMR spectral studies carried out in CD3CN that receptors 1 and 2 bind various anions via hydrogen bonds using both C-H and N-H donors. Compared with receptor 2, receptor 1 shows higher affinity for the test anions because of the enhanced acidity of its pyrrole NH and naphthalene CH hydrogens by the electron-withdrawing imide substituent. Molecular mechanics computations demonstrate that the receptors contact the halide anions via only one of the two respective available N-H and C-H donors whereas they use all four donors for binding of the oxyanions such as dihydrogen phosphate and hydrogen pyrophosphate. Receptor 1, a push-pull conjugated system, displays a strong fluorescence centered at 625 nm, while receptor 2 exhibits an emission with a maximum peak at 408 nm. In contrast, upon exposure of receptors 1 and 2 to the anions in question, their fluorescence was noticeably quenched particularly with relatively basic anions including F−, H2PO4−, HP2O73−, and HCO3−.
Cost Utility of Supporting Family-Based Care to Prevent HIV and Deaths among Orphaned and Separated Children in East Africa: A Markov Model–Based Simulation

Purpose. Strengthening family-based care is a key policy response to the more than 15 million orphaned and separated children who have lost 1 or both parents in sub-Saharan Africa. This analysis estimated the cost-effectiveness of family-based care environments for preventing HIV and death in this population. Design. We developed a time-homogeneous Markov model to simulate the incremental cost per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted by supporting family-based environments caring for orphaned and separated children in western Kenya. Model parameters were based on data from the longitudinal OSCAR’s Health and Well-Being Project and published literature. We used a societal perspective, annual cycle length, and 3% discount rate. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were simulated over 5- to 15-y horizons, comparing family-based settings to street-based “self-care. ” Parameter uncertainty was addressed via deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Results. Under base-case assumptions, family-based environments prevented 422 HIV infections and 298 deaths in a simulated cohort of 1,000 individuals over 10 y. Compared with street-based self-care, family-based care had an incremental cost of $2,528 per DALY averted (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1,798, 2,599) and $2,355 per quality-adjusted life year gained (95% CI: 1,667, 2,413). The probability of family-based care being highly cost-effective was >80% at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $2,250/DALY averted. Households receiving government cash transfers had minimally higher cost-effectiveness ratios than households without cash transfers but were still cost-effective at a WTP threshold of twice Kenya’s GDP per capita. Conclusions. Compared with the status quo of street-based self-care, family-based environments offer a cost-effective approach for preventing HIV and death among orphaned children in lower-middle income countries. Decision makers should consider increasing resources to these environments in tandem with social protection programs. Highlights UNICEF and more than 200 other international organizations endorsed efforts to redirect services toward family-based care as part of the 2019 UN Resolution on the Rights of the Child; yet this study is one of the first to quantify the cost-effectiveness of family-based care environments serving some of the world’s most vulnerable children. This health economic modeling analysis found that family-based environments would prevent 422 HIV infections and 298 deaths in a cohort of 1,000 orphaned and separated children over a 10-y time horizon. Compared with street-based “self-care,” family-based care resulted in an incremental cost of $2,528 per DALY averted (95% CI: 1,798, 2,599) and $2,355 per quality-adjusted life year gained (95% CI: 1,667, 2,413) after 10 y. Annual per-child expenditures for children living in family-based care environments in sub-Saharan Africa could potentially be increased by at least 25% and remain highly cost-effective.
Differences in Striatal Metabolism in [18F]FDG PET in Parkinson’s Disease and Atypical Parkinsonism

Neurodegenerative parkinsonisms affect mainly cognitive and motor functions and are syndromes of overlapping symptoms and clinical manifestations such as tremor, rigidness, and bradykinesia. These include idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) and the atypical parkinsonisms, namely progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), multiple system atrophy (MSA) and dementia with Lewy body (DLB). Differences in the striatal metabolism among these syndromes are evaluated using [18F]FDG PET, caused by alterations to the dopaminergic activity and neuronal loss. A study cohort of three patients with PD, 29 with atypical parkinsonism (10 PSP, 6 CBD, 2 MSA, 7 DLB, and 4 non-classifiable), and a control group of 25 patients with normal striatal metabolism is available. Standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) are extracted from the striatum, and the caudate and the putamen separately. SUVRs are compared among the study groups. In addition, hemispherical and caudate-putamen differences are evaluated in atypical parkinsonisms. Striatal hypermetabolism is detected in patients with PD, while atypical parkinsonisms show hypometabolism, compared to the control group. Hemispherical differences are observed in CBD, MSA and DLB, with the latter also showing statistically significant caudate–putamen asymmetry (p = 0.018). These results indicate disease-specific metabolic uptake patterns in the striatum that can support the differential diagnosis.
Non-linear dynamics of an elasto-plastic oscillator with kinematic and isotropic hardening

Abstract This contribution reports on a dynamic analysis of an elasto–plastic oscillator. Kinematic and isotropic hardening are considered. The equations of motion have five state variable associated with complementary conditions. System dynamics is treated by performing a split in phase space in two parts. This split is suggested by an analysis of the equations of motion near equilibrium points and permits conclusions about high dimensional dynamical system by analyzing subspaces with lower dimension. This physical consideration is in close agreement with the operator split technique used for the numerical solution. Some numerical results are shown for free and forced vibrations of the oscillator with kinematic, isotropic and kinematic/isotropic hardening.
UWB-IMU-Odometer Fusion Localization Scheme: Observability Analysis and Experiments

In this article, we present a novel ultrawideband (UWB)-inertial measurement unit (IMU)-odometer fusion localization scheme for nonholonomic ground robots in global positioning system (GPS)-denied environments. To overcome the severe drift problems caused by the large acceleration bias of low-cost IMUs, rather than using the conventional IMU-only propagation model, a wheel odometer and a three-axis gyroscope are integrated to propagate the system states. Furthermore, the observability conditions of the proposed system with nonholonomic constraints are theoretically derived by a nonlinear observability analysis. The results reveal the minimum number of anchors (or leader robots) required for position observability (at least three anchors for UWB-time of arrival (ToA) measurements and one anchor for both ToA and angle-of-arrival (AOA) measurements). In addition, the system inputs (linear velocity and angular velocity along different axes) need to be excited for attitude observability. Simulations and experiments have verified that the proposed approach produces accurate position estimation and outperforms previous methods. Meanwhile, the position and attitude observability conditions have been verified through rich experiments, and the degenerated cases where the states cannot be observed are enumerated and tested, making the scheme complete.
Flow Rate Boundary Conditions in Fluid‐Dynamics

The defective flow rate problem in fluid‐dynamics has been solved in the engineering literature by precribing a proria velocity profile fitting the desired flow rate. Here, we describe an alternative formulation, relying on a constraint minimization problem. We prove some a prioriestimates and we show some numerical results. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)