Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Failure Analysis of Power Transformers

This paper deals with three types of power transformer failure analysis tests which can help in monitoring the transformer condition. The three methods are Conventional oil test, Furan derivatives test and Markov models criteria. Conventional oil testing procedure includes determination of gas concentrations in the transformer oil sample and analyzing the fault by considering ratio of two suitable gases. Furan derivative analysis includes determination of Furan derivatives present in the transformer oil sample and helps in deciding the transformer insulation condition. A computer program was developed for the Hidden Markov model, which helps in finding out the fault probability of the power transformer. Here, we demonstrate the application of these three methods on a 132/33kV, 15MVA power transformer from Port substation, Andhra Pradesh, India, under three different conditions namely healthy, moderately deteriorated and extensively deteriorated conditions and results obtained. Keywords—Transformer oil testing, dissolved gas analysis, furan derivatives analysis, hidden markov model, fault diagnosis, MATLAB
Gender-Class Equality in Political Economies. Perspectives on Gender Series

Gender-Class Equality in Political Economies offers an in-depth analysis of gender-class equality across six countries to reveal why gender-class equality in paid and unpaid work remains elusive, and what more policy might do to achieve better social and economic outcomes. This book is the first to meld cross-time with cross-country comparisons, link macro structures to micro behavior, and connect class with gender dynamics to yield fresh insights into where we are on the road to gender equality, why it varies across industrialized countries, and the barriers to further progress.
Schools : An Education in Charity Law

Schools and charitable status parents and schools school governors tax implications of charitable status investment of charitable funds the law relating to fund-raising and charitable appeals fund-raising within schools corporate and other support for schools ownership and control of school property re-organizing charitable funds for the advancement of education responsibilities of charity trustees limitations of charitable status.
Can Self-Censorship in News Media be Detected Algorithmically? A Case Study in Latin America

Censorship in social media has been well studied and provides insight into how governments stifle freedom of expression online. Comparatively less (or no) attention has been paid to detecting (self) censorship in traditional media (e.g., news) using social media as a bellweather. We present a novel unsupervised approach that views social media as a sensor to detect censorship in news media wherein statistically significant differences between information published in the news media and the correlated information published in social media are automatically identified as candidate censored events. We develop a hypothesis testing framework to identify and evaluate censored clusters of keywords, and a new near-linear-time algorithm (called GraphDPD) to identify the highest scoring clusters as indicators of censorship. We outline extensive experiments on semi-synthetic data as well as real datasets (with Twitter and local news media) from Mexico and Venezuela, highlighting the capability to accurately detect real-world self censorship events.
Energy-Aware I/O Scheduler for Flash Drives

Today's large data centers become cautious about its massive energy consumption. Range of efforts were made to reduce energy consumption from hardware to software level. Meanwhile, advance of technologies and engineering efforts makes flash-based drive an affordable option with higher capacity in the storage. Though this class of storage drive basically use less energy, the energy efficiency of I/O operation varies with different size of I/O requests. We observed that the energy efficiency is degraded with a small size write request in flash drives. This paper describes energy-efficient I/O scheduler for flash drives. Our I/O scheduler merges small size of write requests for better energy efficiency and as a result it reduces the total energy consumption. We evaluated the scheduler simulation with the small-size-dominant trace from TPC-C. The result shows that the total energy consumption are decreased by 17.2%.
ProLoc-rGO: Using rule-based knowledge with Gene Ontology terms for prediction of protein subnuclear localization

Gene ontology (GO) annotation is a controlled vocabulary of terms and phrases describing the function of genes and gene products, which has been succeeded in predicting subcellular and subnuclear localization. Generally, each gene product is annotated by very few GO terms from more than 25,000 annotations available at present. How to represent a protein sequence using GO terms as features plays an important role in designing prediction systems for protein subnuclear localization. Our previous work ProLoc-GO can select a small number m out of a large number n GO terms, where m Lt n. However, its off-line time for training is large up to several days even though running on high speedily PC clusters. Therefore, this study proposes an efficient system (ProLoc-rGO) by using the decision tree method to speedily mine m informative GO terms and acquire interpretable rule-based knowledge for predicting subnuclear localization. The ProLoc-rGO performing on SNL9_80 (714 proteins in nine compartments with <80 identity) can mine m=17 informative GO terms, 17 interpretable rules and yield training and test accuracies of 84.9% and 78.2%. For comparison, an accuracy 82.6% (Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) = 0.711) for ProLoc-rGO performed on SNL9_80 (714 proteins in nine compartments with <80 identity) is obtained, which is better than 67.4% (MCC = 0.50) for Nuc-PLoc that fuses the pseudo-amino acid composition of a protein and its position-specific scoring matrix.
Organizing patient safety research to identify risks and hazards

Patient safety has become an international priority with major research programmes being carried out in the USA, UK, and elsewhere. The challenge is how to organize research efforts that will produce the greatest yield in making health care safer for patients. Patient safety research initiatives can be considered in three different stages: (1) identification of the risks and hazards; (2) design, implementation, and evaluation of patient safety practices; and (3) maintaining vigilance to ensure that a safe environment continues and patient safety cultures remain in place. Clearly, different research methods and approaches are needed at each of the different stages of the continuum. A number of research approaches can be used at stage 1 to identify risks and hazards including the use of medical records and administrative record review, event reporting, direct observation, process mapping, focus groups, probabilistic risk assessment, and safety culture assessment. No single method can be universally applied to identify risks and hazards in patient safety. Rather, multiple approaches using combinations of these methods should be used to increase identification of risks and hazards of health care associated injury or harm to patients.
Large Variations in HIV-1 Viral Load Explained by Shifting-Mosaic Metapopulation Dynamics

The viral population of HIV-1, like many pathogens that cause systemic infection, is structured and differentiated within the body. The dynamics of cellular immune trafficking through the blood and within compartments of the body has also received wide attention. Despite these advances, mathematical models, which are widely used to interpret and predict viral and immune dynamics in infection, typically treat the infected host as a well-mixed homogeneous environment. Here, we present mathematical, analytical, and computational results that demonstrate that consideration of the spatial structure of the viral population within the host radically alters predictions of previous models. We study the dynamics of virus replication and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) within a metapopulation of spatially segregated patches, representing T cell areas connected by circulating blood and lymph. The dynamics of the system depend critically on the interaction between CTLs and infected cells at the within-patch level. We show that for a wide range of parameters, the system admits an unexpected outcome called the shifting-mosaic steady state. In this state, the whole body’s viral population is stable over time, but the equilibrium results from an underlying, highly dynamic process of local infection and clearance within T-cell centers. Notably, and in contrast to previous models, this new model can explain the large differences in set-point viral load (SPVL) observed between patients and their distribution, as well as the relatively low proportion of cells infected at any one time, and alters the predicted determinants of viral load variation.
ESTHER: a portable sensor toolkit to collect and monitor total hip replacement patient data

Due to the increasing cost of medical care, hospitals are looking at post surgery patients' home as the primary place for recovery. Unfortunately, this paradigm shift involves difficulties for patients and physiotherapists to manage the expected outcomes. While patients face physical and emotional problems related to the new hip, clinical teams have limited resources to follow patients' health experiences during their recovery. Mobile technologies for home care provide opportunities to remotely support patients in their rehabilitation process. They are designed to become part of patients' daily activities, which requires a holistic understanding of the dynamics of post-surgery treatment. Therefore, it is foreseen that requirements to design home care technologies should address clinicians' needs related to the functional aspects as well as patients' experiences of home recovery. ESTHER (Experience Sampling for Total Hip Replacement) is a research and design toolkit developed to study Total Hip Replacement (THR) patients' experiences after surgery and to evaluate design interventions to support patients in the complexity of home recovery. The tool is based on the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) to capture patients' self report on their recovery process. In an iterative approach the tool gradually added to patients' psychological reports physical activity using wireless sensor nodes. The first three iterations of ESTHER are described to illustrate the value of situated self-reports and the richness of combining both self-report and sensing techniques as a holistic approach to understand both behavioral and experiential aspects of home recovery. The experience in conducting situated design research has shown to be valuable in understanding the technical as well as social challenges and opportunities for the research and design community of home health technologies.
The numerical solution of compressible flows in time dependent domains

This work is concerned with the numerical solution of inviscid compressible fluid flow in moving domains. Specifically, we assume that the boundary part of the domain (impermeable walls) are time dependent. We consider the Euler equations, which describe the movement of inviscid compressible fluids. We present two formulations of the Euler equations in the ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian) form. These two formulations are discretized in space by the discontinuous Galerkin method. We apply a semi-implicit linearization with respect to time to obtain a numerical scheme requiring the solution of only one linear system on each time level. We apply the method to the compressible flow around a moving (vibrating) profile.
Differential Geometry Measures of Nonlinearity with Applications to Ground Target Tracking

Most ground target tracking problems involve nonlinear filtering due to nonlinearity in the measurement model. At present, a quantitative measure of nonlinearity and its relationship with the performance of the filtering algorithms are lacking. We quantify the degree of nonlinearity of a filtering problem using the differential geometry based measures of nonlinearity such as the parameter-effects curvature and intrinsic curvature. The algorithm for calculating these two measures of nonlinearity was first presented for a static least squares estimation problem. In this paper, we extend the approach to calculate these two measures of nonlinearity for a problem involving a linear system dynamic model and nonlinear measurement model using the maximum likelihood estimator. We present numerical results using simulated data for the constant velocity motion of a target with range and azimuth measurements.
Vector prefetching

This paper focuses on extending the memory subsystem by integrating a prefetch buffer mechanism. Prefetching allows high-level application knowledge to increase memory performance, which is currently constraining the performance of most system. While prefetching does not reduce the latency of memory accesses, it hides this latency by overlapping memory access and instruction execution. The first prefetch operation to the buffer is initiated by an explicit fetch instruction. All further prefetch operations are issued automatically whenever a prefetched value is consumed. To efficiently support list and vector processing, the user can specify a stride value at the time the first prefetch operation is initiated.
Ramsey-type results for geometric graphs

We show that for any 2--coloring of the ${n \choose 2}$ segments determined by $n$ points in the plane, one of the color classes contains non-crossing cycles of lengths $3,4,\ldots,\lfloor\sqrt{n/2}\rfloor$. This result is tight up to a multiplicative constant. Under the same assumptions, we also prove that there is a non-crossing path of length $\Omega(n^{2/3})$, all of whose edges are of the same color. In the special case when the $n$ points are in convex position, we find longer monochromatic non-crossing paths, of length $\lceil\frac{n+1}{2}\rceil$. This bound cannot be improved. We also discuss some related problems and generalizations. In particular, we give sharp estimates for the largest number of disjoint monochromatic triangles that can always be selected from our segments.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of panobacumab: specific adjunctive immunotherapy in critical patients with nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa O11 pneumonia.

OBJECTIVES Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia remains a major concern in critically ill patients. We explored the potential impact of microorganism-targeted adjunctive immunotherapy in such patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS This multicentre, open pilot Phase 2a clinical trial (NCT00851435) prospectively evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics and potential efficacy of three doses of 1.2 mg/kg panobacumab, a fully human monoclonal anti-lipopolysaccharide IgM, given every 72 h in 18 patients developing nosocomial P. aeruginosa (serotype O11) pneumonia. RESULTS Seventeen out of 18 patients were included in the pharmacokinetic analysis. In 13 patients receiving three doses, the maximal concentration after the third infusion was 33.9 ± 8.0 μg/mL, total area under the serum concentration-time curve was 5397 ± 1993 μg h/mL and elimination half-life was 102.3 ± 47.8 h. Panobacumab was well tolerated, induced no immunogenicity and was detected in respiratory samples. In contrast to Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) prediction, all 13 patients receiving three doses survived, with a mean clinical resolution in 9.0 ± 2.7 days. Two patients suffered a recurrence at days 17 and 20. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that panobacumab is safe, with a pharmacokinetic profile similar to that in healthy volunteers. It was associated with high clinical cure and survival rates in patients developing nosocomial P. aeruginosa O11 pneumonia. We concluded that these promising results warrant further trials.
E3D, the Euro3D visualization tool I: Description of the program and its capabilities

We present the first version of E3D, the Euro3D visualization tool for data from integral field spectroscopy. We describe its major characteristics, based on the proposed requirements, the current state of the project, and some planned future upgrades. We show examples of its use and capabilities. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Why don't schools and teachers seem to matter? : assessing the impact of unobservables on educational productivity

Using data drawn from the National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988, which allows students to be linked to particular teachers and classes, we estimate the impact of observable and unobservable schooling characteristics on student outcomes. A variety of models show some schooling resources (in particular, teacher qualifications) to be significant in influencing tenth-grade mathematics test scores. Unobservable school, teacher, and class characteristics are important in explaining student achievement but do not appear to be correlated with observable variables in our sample. Thus, our results suggest that the omission of unobservables does not cause biased estimates in standard educational production functions.
An Ontology for Transitions in Physical Dynamic Systems

Physical systems often exhibit complex nonlinear behaviors in continuous time at multiple temporal and spatial scales. Abstractions simplify behavioral analysis and help focus on dominant system behaviors by defining sets of equivalent behavior types called modes. System behavior evolves in continuous modes with discrete transitions between modes. Subtle interactions between the continuous behaviors and discrete transitions need to be captured by well-defined hybrid modeling and analysis semantics. This paper presents a taxonomy of transition modes, and develops a formal semantics for transition conditions that lead to efficient and physically consistent simulation algorithms for physical systems.
Optimal Portfolio Selection with Transaction Costs

Abstract This paper examines the lifetime portfolio-selection problem in the presence of transaction costs. Using a discrete time approach, we develop analytical expressions for the investor's indirect utility function and also for the boundaries of the no-transactions region. The economy consists of a single risky asset and a riskless asset. Transactions in the risky asset incur proportional transaction costs. The investor has a power utility function and is assumed to maximize expected utility of end-of-period wealth. We illustrate the solution procedure in the case in which the returns on the risky asset follow a multiplicative binomial process. Our paper both complements and extends the recent work by Gennotte and Jung (1994), which used numerical approximations to tackle this problem.
Bubbling and Crashing Exchange Rates

We develop a simple model of the foreign exchange market in which agents optimize their portfolio and use different forecasting rules. They check the profitability of these rules ex post and select the more profitable one.This model produces two kinds of equilibria, a fundamental and a bubble one. In a stochastic environment the model generates a complex dynamics in which bubbles and crashes occur at unpredictable moments. We also analyse the empirical relevance of the model.
Test-Signal Search for Mixed-Signal Cores in a System-on-Chip

The well-known approach towards testing mixed-signal cores is functional testing and basically measuring key parameters of the core. However, especially if performance requirements increase, and embedded cores are considered, functional testing becomes technically and economically less attractive. A more cost-effective approach could be accomplished by a combination of reduced functional tests and added structural tests. In addition, it will also improve the debugging facilities of cores. Basic problem remains the large computational effort for analogue structural testing. In this paper, we introduce the concept of Testability Transfer Function for both analogue as well as digital parts in a mixed-signal core. This opens new possibilities for efficient structural testing of embedded mixed-signal cores, thereby adding to the quality of tests.
Genetic correlated traits for female fertility evaluations in Spanish Holsteins

Genetic evaluation for female fertility in Holsteins is officially calculated in Spain since January 2005. It is based on days open data, calculated from calving interval and available for all milk recorded herds. A single trait repeatibilty animal model is used. Low heritability (4,5%) and late availability of data, because of the need to know subsequent calving, limit the reliability of young bulls or even they do not get proof at all.
Failures in an Operational IP Backbone Network

As the Internet evolves into a ubiquitous communication infrastructure and supports increasingly important services, its dependability in the presence of various failures becomes critical. In this paper, we analyze IS-IS routing updates from the Sprint IP backbone network to characterize failures that affect IP connectivity. Failures are first classified based on probable causes such as maintenance activities, router-related and optical layer problems. Key temporal and spatial characteristics of each class are analyzed and, when appropriate, parameterized using well-known distributions. Our results indicate that 20% of all failures is due to planned maintenance activities. Of the unplanned failures, almost 30% are shared by multiple links and can be attributed to router-related and optical equipmentrelated problems, while 70% affect a single link at a time. Our classification of failures according to different causes reveals the nature and extent of failures in today’s IP backbones. Furthermore, our characterization of the different classes can be used to develop a probabilistic failure model, which is important for various network design and traffic engineering problems.
Analysis of the network impact of P 2 PTV applications

With potentially hundreds of millions of users utilizing the P2P-TV, these applications plays an increasingly important role in the network communication. P2P-TV takes the tremendous pressure to the Internet backbone and access networks with traffic. So it is important to acquire an in-depth understanding of the associated network traffic. The user’s role in these P2P systems, no longer a simple downloader, even became the content providers and the network communication sponsor. So the behavior of users of P2PTV system, will give the network a new kind of impact. This is an important point of our experiment. In this work, we detailed analysis of the traffic characteristics when the user is watching a channel. On the basis of these, we have a detailed comparison and analysis of the data which is obtained by the user switch between multiple channels. And finally, we got some useful insights on the impact of the network.