Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coordinated changes in mitochondrial function and biogenesis in healthy and diseased human skeletal muscle

We examined the transcriptional signal‐ ing cascade involved in the changes of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function of skeletal mus‐ cle and of the exercise capacity of humans in response to long‐term physical activity and chronic heart failure (CHF). Biopsy samples of vastus lateralis muscle were obtained from 18 healthy subjects with different fitness levels (assessed by maximal oxygen uptake, VO2 peak). We compared 9 sedentary subjects with 10 CHF pa‐ tients undergoing transplantation. Muscle oxidative ca‐ pacity was measured in permeabilized fibers (Vmax). Transcript levels of target genes were quantified by RT‐PCR. In healthy subjects, VO2 peak was linearly related to Vmax (P<0.01) and to the gene expression of mitochondrial proteins and of the coactivator PGC‐1α and its downstream transcription factors. A coordinate increase in PGC‐1ɑ and mRNA levels of proteins involved in degradation, fusion, and fission of mitochondria was observed associated with calcineurin activation. Despite decreased VO2 peak, in CHF pa‐ tients skeletal muscles showed preserved Vmax in ac‐ cordance with preserved markers and transcription factors of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, with no calcineurin activation. The results provide strong support for a central role for PGC‐1ɑ and calcineurin activation in mitochondrial biogenesis in healthy and diseased human skeletal muscles. —Garnier, A. , Fortin, D. , Zoll, J., N'Guessan, B. , Mettauer, B. , Lampert, E. , Veksler, V. , Ventura‐Clapier, R. Coordinated changes in mitochondrial function and biogenesis in healthy and diseased human skeletal muscle. FASEB J. 19, 43‐52 (2005)
Multiple DGs for Reducing Total Power Losses in Radial Distribution Systems Using Hybrid WOA-SSA Algorithm

Distributed generators (DGs) are currently extensively used to reduce power losses and voltage deviations in distribution networks. The optimal location and size of DGs achieve the best results. This study presents a novel hybridization of new metaheuristic optimizations in the last two years, namely, salp swarm algorithm (SSA) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA), for optimal placement and size of multi-DG units in radial distribution systems to minimize total real power losses (kW) and solve voltage deviation. This hybrid algorithm is implemented on IEEE 13- and 123-node radial distribution test systems. The OpenDSS engine is used to solve the power flow to find the power system parameters, such power losses, and the voltage profile through the MATLAB coding interface. Results describe the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid WOA-SSA algorithm compared with those of the IEEE standard case (without DG), repeated load flow method, and WOA and SSA algorithms applied independently. The analysis results via the proposed algorithm are more effective for reducing total active power losses and enhancing the voltage profile for various distribution networks and multi-DG units.
Does Urbanization Help Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas? Evidence from Vietnam

Urbanization and poverty have a two-way relationship. Using fixed-effects regression andpanel data from household surveys, we estimate the effect of urbanization on welfare andpoverty of rural households in Vietnam. We find that urbanization tends to increaselandlessness of rural households and to reduce their farm income. However, urbanizationhelps rural households increase their wages and non-farm incomes. As a result, totalincome and consumption expenditure of rural households tend to be increased withurbanization. Then we find that urbanization also helps rural households decrease theexpenditure poverty rate, albeit at a small magnitude.
A PSO based Energy Efficient Coverage Control Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are large-scale and high-density networks that typically have coverage area overlap. In addition, a random deployment of sensor nodes cannot fully guarantee coverage of the sensing area, which leads to coverage holes in WSNs. Thus, coverage control plays an important role in WSNs. To alleviate unnecessary energy wastage and improve network performance, we consider both energy efficiency and coverage rate for WSNs. In this paper, we present a novel coverage control algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Firstly, the sensor nodes are randomly deployed in a target area and remain static after deployment. Then, the whole network is partitioned into grids, and we calculate each grid’s coverage rate and energy consumption. Finally, each sensor nodes’ sensing radius is adjusted according to the coverage rate and energy consumption of each grid. Simulation results show that our algorithm can effectively improve coverage rate and reduce energy consumption.
Tritium measurement using a photo-stimulable phosphor BaFBr(I):Eu2+ plate

Abstract Tritium measurement is indispensable for the fuel- processing systems of deuterium-tritium (DT)-fusion facilities. A new approach to detect tritium in regions deeper than the escape depth of beta-rays from tritium is being developed using an imaging plate (IP). The measurement principle of this approach is to observe bremsstrahlung X-rays induced by the tritium beta-rays. An IP made of europium-doped BaFBr(I), a photostimulated luminescence (PSL) material, is a two-dimensional radiation sensor. In the present study, the characteristics of this IP for measuring tritium by detecting bremsstrahlung X-rays, in particular a fading effect and the energy dependence of PSL sensitivities, are examined.
Friendship networks and interethnic union formation

This article examines the effect of composition of friendship networks during early adolescence on the likelihood of entering an interethnic union among the children of immigrants. We analyze the panel data from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study that followed 14-year-olds into their early 20s. We extend previous research by simultaneously examining the effect of the social context and personal networks and by broadening the type of unions under consideration (i.e., dating and cohabiting unions in addition to marriage). In line with hypotheses regarding opportunities and preferences, we found, first, that having an ethnically diverse friendship network positively affects the likelihood of entering an interethnic union. Second, the effect of the friendship network is equally strong for dating, cohabitation, and marriage. Finally, the effect of the social context on interethnic partner choice is not mediated by the friendship network.
Vector Control, Pest Management, Resistance, Repellents Prevalence of Knock-Down Resistance F1534S Mutations in Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) in North Carolina

Knock-down resistance ( kdr ) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Aedes species mosquitoes are biomarkers for resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. In the United States, few studies have reported kdr mutations among Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) populations. In this study, we sought to compare the presence of kdr alleles among Ae. albopictus mosquitoes collected from Fort Bragg and Wake County, North Carolina. We collected 538 Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, including 156 from 4 sites at Fort Bragg, North Carolina and 382 from 15 sites in Wake County, North Carolina to compare the prevalence of kdr mutations. Of those successfully sequenced, we identified 12 (3.0%) mosquitoes with kdr mutations, all of which were attributed to variants at position 1534 within domain 3. All mutations were found in mosquitoes collected at Wake County sites; no mutations were identified in collections from Fort Bragg. There was a focus of mutations observed at the Wake County sites with approximately 92% (11 of 12) of the mosquitoes with the mutation coming from one site, where kdr mutations represented 24.4% (11 of 45) of all mosquitoes collected. We observed highly focal resistance in a suburban area of Raleigh, which may be attributable to peri-domestic mosquito control activities that involve area dispersal of pyrethroid insecticides. More robust surveillance is needed to monitor the emergence and spread of resistance.
Vector Control, Pest Management, Resistance, Repellents Developing methods for chilling, compacting, and sterilizing adult Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and comparing mating competitiveness between males sterilized as adults versus pupae for sterile male release

The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti L. , can transmit several pathogens responsible for human diseases. With insecticide resistance development becoming a concern, alternative control strategies are needed for Ae. aegypti . Sterile insect technique (SIT) is an increasingly popular option being explored. However, logistical issues in mass production and sterilization make it difficult to maintain a SIT program. Male mosquitoes are typically irradiated as pupae because this is the earliest developmental point at which females can be separated from males, but asynchrony in pupation and high variability in pupal responses to irradiation based on pupal age make it difficult to sterilize mass quantities of pupae on a regular schedule in a rearing facility. Young adult mosquitoes have wider windows for irradiation sterilization than pupae, which can allow facilities to have fixed schedules for irradiation. We produced a workflow for adult Ae. aegypti irradiation in a mosquito control district with an operational SIT program that currently irradiates pupae. The impacts of chilling, compaction, and radiation dose on survival were all assessed before combining them into a complete adult irradiation protocol. Males chilled up to 16 h prior to compaction and compacted to 100 males/cm 3 during radiation resulted in low mortality. Males irradiated as adults had increased longevity and similar sterility compared to males irradiated as pupae. Additionally, males sterilized as adults were more sexually competitive than males sterilized as pupae. Thus, we have shown that irradiating adult males can be a viable option to increase the efficiency of this operational mosquito SIT program.
P o S ( G R B 2 0 1 2 ) 0 1 4 The E p-E iso relation : intrinsic GRB property or / and selection effects ?

Since its discovery the Ep Eiso relation has been a source of controversy between those believing that it represents an intrinsic property of bursts that should be directly related to the physics of the prompt emission, and others arguing that it results from various selection effects (thresholds for burst and afterglow detection, for measuring the redshift, etc). In the context of the internal shock model we present a series of Monte-Carlo simulations showing that the observed relation may indeed come from a combination of intrinsic processes and selection effects. We find that the low Ep edge of the relation arises from the physics of shocks while the large Ep edge is mainly shaped by selection effects.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN SURF AND SWASH ZONES USING OPENFOAM

A challenging approach regarding the modeling of sediment transport in surf and swash zones is hereby applied and tested against experimental data (Dette 1998). The combination of a hydrodynamic model developed on OpenFOAM platform and a morphodynamic one written in FORTRAN constitutes a holistic method for the simulation of the wave propagation and sediment transport caused by the hydrodynamic state which is formed by the interaction of the incident waves with the seabed. The above method is an iterative one, which means that the hydrodynamic OpenFOAM model is run first using the initial bed morphology and the results are used by the morphodynamic model which yields the new seabed under the formed hydrodynamic state. This procedure is repeated until convergence, namely the new seabed is practically the same with the previous one.
The burden of parvovirus B 19 infection in women of childbearing age in England and Wales

A. J. VYSE *, N. J. ANDREWS , L. M. HESKETH 3 AND R. PEBODY 1 Health Protection Agency, Centre for Infections, Sero-Epidemiology Unit, Immunisation Department, London, UK 2 Health Protection Agency, Centre for Infections, Statistics, Modelling and Bioinformatics Department, London, UK 3 Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston Microbiology Services, Royal Preston Hospital, Fulwood, Preston, Lancashire, UK
Multiple stage atomization of fuels for use in combustion applications

A three stage atomizer has been constructed consisting of airblast, swirl and effervescent stages allowing for more than one mode to contribute to the primary and secondary atomization of a single liquid jet. While the atomization mechanisms resulting from individual modes are fairly well understood, their combined usage to control the droplet size distribution is complex and has not been investigated in detail. A study of various combinations of air-blast, swirl and effervescence is conducted using phase Doppler anemometry and droplet imaging. This is done in order to quantify the effects on the resulting spray structure including the control of the droplet size to yield a desired range of equivalence ratios in combustion applications. Preliminary results for a non-reacting spray show that for a given atomizer geometry, the air-blast stage produces sprays with a D32 that typically ranges from 30 μm ∼ D32 ∼ 50 μm. The resulting size distribution depends heavily on the ratio of liquid to air mass flow-rate and to a lesser extent on the geometry of the liquid and air-blast nozzles. The effervescent mode produces sprays with a D32 < 30 μm such that a combination of the two modes allows for droplet size control. The swirling stage alters the spray structure significantly, allowing for simultaneous droplet size and cone angle control.
Dynamic-oracle Transition-based Parsing with Calibrated Probabilistic Output

We adapt the dynamic-oracle training method of Goldberg and Nivre (2012; 2013) to train clas-siﬁers that produce probabilistic output. Evaluation of an Arc-Eager parser on 6 languages shows that the AdaGrad-RDA based training procedure results in models that provide the same high level of accuracy as the averaged-perceptron trained models, while being sparser and providing well-calibrated probabilistic output.
OPERATIONAL MODAL ANALYSIS ON THE POLAR SUPPLY AND RESEARCH VESSEL THE S . A . AGULHAS II

Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) was conducted on the S.A. Agulhas II while moored in Cape Town harbour to investigate the global structural dynamic characteristics of the vessel. Measurements were conducted while the vessel was exposed to small wave (ripple) and wind excitation at the quayside without harmonic excitation from the main engines or harbour generator. Twenty three vibration measurement channels were recorded in total with eighteen sensors on the hull structure and five on the superstructure. The sensor locations and directions were selected to investigate the normal and transverse bending modes as well as torsional modes of the structure. The LMS Operational PolyMAX frequency domain and ARTeMIS CCSSI time domain OMA techniques are used to estimate the modal parameters. Both techniques identified three stable modes which include the two-node (first), three-node (second) and four-node (third) normal bending modes. In terms of frequency the Operational PolyMAX and CCSSI agree to within 1,2 %. However the damping estimates show less agreement especially for mode 3 which differs by 59 %. The Modal Assurance Criterion confirms three unique modes, and the complexity plots reveal real valued mode shapes which confirm the proportional damping model approximation. The results of the OMA were then compared to those of the Finite Element (FE) model developed by STX Finland. The natural frequencies predicted by the FE model are found to be bigger than those measured using OMA. The FE calculations are based on a vessel draught of 7,7 m which is deeper than the 6,8 m draught during OMA testing. The effect of the vessel draft on the modal parameters will form part of future research. This work is a precursor to investigations into the effect of various ice and open water boundary conditions as well as ship loading and operating conditions on the dynamic characteristics of the vessel structure.
DeepLoc: prediction of protein subcellular localization using deep learning

Motivation The prediction of eukaryotic protein subcellular localization is a well‐studied topic in bioinformatics due to its relevance in proteomics research. Many machine learning methods have been successfully applied in this task, but in most of them, predictions rely on annotation of homologues from knowledge databases. For novel proteins where no annotated homologues exist, and for predicting the effects of sequence variants, it is desirable to have methods for predicting protein properties from sequence information only. Results Here, we present a prediction algorithm using deep neural networks to predict protein subcellular localization relying only on sequence information. At its core, the prediction model uses a recurrent neural network that processes the entire protein sequence and an attention mechanism identifying protein regions important for the subcellular localization. The model was trained and tested on a protein dataset extracted from one of the latest UniProt releases, in which experimentally annotated proteins follow more stringent criteria than previously. We demonstrate that our model achieves a good accuracy (78% for 10 categories; 92% for membrane‐bound or soluble), outperforming current state‐of‐the‐art algorithms, including those relying on homology information. Availability and implementation The method is available as a web server at http://www.cbs. dtu.dk/services/DeepLoc. Example code is available at https://github.com/JJAlmagro/subcellular_localization. The dataset is available at http://www.cbs. dtu.dk/services/DeepLoc/data.php. Contact jjalma@dtu.dk
Small-slope approximation in wave scattering by rough surfaces

Where the wave scattering amplitude of a rough surface can be calculated by perturbation theory (Bragg scattering), and the slopes of the boundaries can be assumed small, it becomes possible to construct an approximation which holds for an arbitrary roughness height. To first order in the slope, the scattering amplitude can be factored into a geometric factor and a kernel which describes Bragg scattering. To a large extent, this approximation solves the problem of describing the scattering by rough surfaces by a common approach combining perturbation theory with the tangent-plane approximation.
Green Marketing: A Study of the Factors Influencing the Repurchase Decision for Javanony Herbal Products

The green consumer movement is a reflection of people’s concern about the environment and has given rise to the green market. Companies that want to survive in this market must be able to apply a green label to all aspects of their business. This research aims to understand the influence of attitude, perceived value, and perceived price among customers on the decision to repurchase Javanony herbal products. The sampling technique in this study is purposive sampling. This study concludes that the attitude of customers who already have an understanding of green products is not completely supported by the company in applying green marketing to create higher value for its customers. Consumers are ready to pay for the extra value, will pay a premium price, and will repurchase only if they perceive extra value in the green product.
Antioxidative Responses of Eucalyptus camaldulensis to Different Concentrations of Copper

Anthropogenic activities have caused important increases in soil Cu levels not only in urban areas but also in croplands. This study was designed to find out the effect of different concentration of copper on physiological and biochemical changes in Eucalyptus camaldulensis seedlings. Seeds of Eucalyptus camaldulensis were grown in marble chips and irrigated with nutrient solution mixed with copper (control, 5, 10, 20 mM) for 10 months and after this period, leaf, stem and root tissues were harvested. Copper content was determined by ICP-OES and some characters such as proline, pigments, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), superoxid desmotase (SOD) and weight of different tissues were measured. The concentrations of copper in root tissue were higher than leaf and stem tissues and stem concentration was lower than the concentration of leaf. The proline content was raised by increasing metal concentrations, but the content of pigments decreased. The activity of antioxidative enzymes, CAT, POX and SOD positively increased up to 10 mM Cu treatment and then slightly decreased in both leaf and root tissues. These results suggest that eucalypts have efficient mechanism to tolerate Cu excess, as evidenced by accumulating of osmoprotectants and antioxidative enzymes. Also eucalypts under stress can accumulate copper four times more than the control treatment without serious symptoms in growth, therefore it is a feasible plant for hyperaccumulation of copper and declining the environmental pollution.
Imaging Torfajökull's Magmatic Plumbing System With Seismic Interferometry and Phase Velocity Surface Wave Tomography

Torfajökull volcano, Iceland, has not erupted since 1477. However, intense geothermal activity, deformation, and seismicity suggest a long‐lasting magmatic system. In this paper, we use ambient noise tomography to image the magmatic system beneath Torfajökull volcano. One hundred days of ambient noise data from 23 broadband seismometers show the consistent presence of double‐frequency microseism noise with significant power between ∼0.1 and 0.5 Hz. Beamforming results indicate microseism noise with persistent higher energy propagating from west and SE directions and apparent velocities below 3 km/s. We use ambient noise seismic interferometry to retrieve Rayleigh waves, and we introduce a method to estimate the reliability of the retrieved surface waves. We find stable estimation of surface wave phase velocities between 0.16 and 0.38 Hz. Azimuthal velocity variations show a trend of higher velocities in the NE/SW direction, the strike of the rift zone intersecting Torfajökull, and orientation of erupted lavas on a NE‐SW fissure swarm. Tomographic results indicate low‐velocity anomalies beneath the volcano caldera (between −5% and −10%) and even lower velocity variations in the southeast and southwest study area (below −10%), outside the volcano caldera. Low anomalies may indicate the existence of hot material, more prominent outside the caldera outskirts. High‐velocity variations (between 5% and 10%) outline the volcano caldera between 4‐ and 5‐km depth and more pronounced velocities (between 10% and 15%) up to 5‐km depth in the north of the volcano caldera. We interpret the former as possible caldera collapse structure and the latest as solidified intrusive magma from the old preferred magma paths.
Cometary Nuclei and Tidal Disruption: The Geologic Chains on Callisto and Ganymede

Prominent crater chains on Ganymede and Callisto are most likely the impact scars of comets tidally disrupted by Jupiter and are not secondary crater chains. We have examined the morphology of these chains in detail in order to place con- straints on the properties of the comets that formed them and the disruption process. In these chains, intercrater spacing varies by no more than a factor of 2 and the craters within a given chain show almost no deviation from linearity (although the chains themselves are on gently curved small circles). All of these crater chains occur on or very near the Jupiter-facing hemisphere. For a given chain, the estimated masses of the fragments that formed each crater vary by no more than an order of magnitude. The mean fragment for all the chains observed in Comet icy disrupted Callisto Ganymede disruption within the Jupiter once