Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rotation of the solar core from BiSON and LOWL frequency observations

ABSTRA C T Determination of the rotation of the solar core requires very accurate data on splittings for the low-degree modes which penetrate to the core, as well as for modes of higher degree to suppress the contributions from the rest of the Sun to the splittings of the low-degree modes. Here we combine low-degree data based on 32 months of observations with the BiSON network and data from the LOWL instrument. The data are analysed with a technique that specifically aims at obtaining an inference of rotation that is localized to the core. Our analysis provides what we believe is the most stringent constraint to date on the rotation of the deep solar interior.
“knowing more is less” in combinatorial games

In Complex Adaptive Systems, agents co-adapt to each other through interaction. A typical example is game: players learn and adapt to the opponent through game playing. This paper studies the adaptive characteristic of co-adaptation through a combinatorial game “Five-in-a-row” focusing on the evaluation function and game tree. The computer simulations show that a high-level player (with a good evaluation function) will win more if she knows the opponent's next move, but a low-level player (with a relatively worse evaluation function) will lose more if she knows the opponent's next move. We call this phenomenon "knowing more is less". To explore the reason and the generality of this phenomenon, an abstract theoretical model is built on a full k-ary game tree. Analysis and numerical simulations based on this model prove that “knowing more is less” will happen for a player if her evaluation function accuracy rate is below 0.5. This result indicates that during combinatorial game playing, identification of the opponent only is not enough; the player also need to improve her evaluation function for the board in the sense of mini-max solution as well.
The Maximum Drawdown as a Risk Measure: The Role of Real Estate in the Optimal Portfolio Revisited

We investigate the role of real estate in a mixed-asset portfolio when the maximum drawdown (hereafter MaxDD), rather than the standard deviation, is used as the measure of risk. We argue that the MaxDD concept is one of the most natural measures of risk, and that such a framework can help reconcile the optimal allocations to real estate and the effective allocations by institutional investors. The empirical analysis is conducted from the perspective of Swiss pension funds who are faced with legal constraints on the weights that can be allocated to the various asset categories and pertains to the period 1979-2002. We show that most portfolios optimized in Return/MaxDD space, rather than in Return/Standard Deviation space, yield a much lower MaxDD, while only a slightly higher standard deviation (for the same level of return). The reduction in MaxDD is highest for portfolios situated half-way on the efficient frontier, typically close to those held by pension funds. Also, the reported weights for real estate are much more in line with the actual weights to real estate by institutional investors.
Additional standing balance circuit classes during inpatient rehabilitation improved balance outcomes: an assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE to evaluate the impact on balance (postural control) of six 1-h circuit classes that targeted balance in addition to usual therapy for rehabilitation inpatients. DESIGN a randomised controlled trial with 2-week and 3-month follow-up. PARTICIPANTS one hundred and sixty-two general rehabilitation inpatients, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Australia. INTERVENTION intervention group participants received six 1-h circuit classes over a 2-week period in addition to usual therapy. Control group participants received usual therapy. RESULTS standing balance performance (primary outcome) was better in the intervention group than in the control group at 2 weeks (between-group difference after adjusting for baseline values 3.3 s; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84 to 5.7, P = 0.009), but the between-group difference was not statistically significant at 3 months (3.4 s; 95% CI -0.56 to 7.38, P = 0.092). Intervention group outcomes were significantly better than the control groups for mobility performance (Short Physical Performance Battery) at 2 weeks (1.19, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.87, P <0.01) and 3 months (1.00, 95% CI 0.00 to 2.00, P < 0.049) and self-reported functioning (AM-PAC) at 2 weeks (5.39, 95% CI 1.20 to 9.57, P = 0.012). The intervention group had a 4.1-day shorter rehabilitation unit stay (95% CI -8.3 to 0.16, P = 0.059) and a lower risk of readmission in the 3 months after randomisation (incidence rate ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.42 to 1.18, P = 0.184), but these differences were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION two weeks of standing balance circuit classes in addition to usual therapy improved balance in general rehabilitation inpatients at 2 weeks.
Caenorhabditis elegans syndecan (SDN-1) is required for normal egg laying and associates with the nervous system and the vulva

In Caenorhabditis elegans, the identification of many enzymes involved in the synthesis and modification of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), essential components of proteoglycans, has attained special attention in recent years. Mutations in all the genes that encode for GAG biosynthetic enzymes show defects in the development of the vulva, specifically in the invagination of the vulval epithelium. Mutants for certain heparan sulfate modifying enzymes present axonal and cellular guidance defects in specific neuronal classes. Although most of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and modification of heparan sulfate have been characterized in C. elegans, little is known regarding the core proteins to which these GAGs covalently bind in proteoglycans. A single syndecan homologue (sdn-1) has been identified in the C. elegans genome through sequence analysis. In the present study, we show that C. elegans synthesizes sulfated proteoglycans, seen as three distinct species in western blot analysis. In the sdn-1 (ok449) deletion mutant allele we observed the lack of one species, which corresponds to a 50 kDa product after heparitinase treatment. The expression of sdn-1 mRNA and sequencing revealed that sdn-1 (ok449) deletion mutants lack two glycosylation sites. Hence, the missing protein in the western blot analysis probably corresponds to SDN-1. In addition, we show that SDN-1 localizes to the C. elegans nerve ring, nerve cords and to the vulva. SDN-1 is found specifically phosphorylated in nerve ring neurons and in the vulva, in both wild-type worms and sdn-1 (ok449) deletion mutants. These mutants show a defective egg-laying phenotype. Our results show for the first time, the identification, localization and some functional aspects of syndecan in the nematode C. elegans.
Algorithm 965

Revisionist integral deferred correction methods are a family of parallel-in-time methods to solve systems of initial values problems. The approach is able to bootstrap lower-order time integrators to provide high-order approximations in approximately the same wall-clock time, hence providing a multiplicative increase in the number of compute cores utilized. Here we provide a library that automatically produces a parallel-in-time solution of a system of initial value problems given user-supplied code for the right-hand side of the system and a sequential code for a first-order timestep. The user-supplied timestep routine may be explicit or implicit and may make use of any auxiliary libraries that take care of the solution of any nonlinear algebraic systems that may arise or the numerical linear algebra required.
Graph-based text representation model and its realization

In this paper, on the foundation of summarizing several common used text representation models, such as Boolean model, probability model, vector space model and so on, mainly according to the defects of the vector space model, the word semantic space is proposed. And in the word semantic space, a graph-based text representation model is designed. Some properties of this type of text representation model have been given, and this model can describe the words semantic constraints in the text. At the same time, this model can also solve the defects of vector space model, such as the order or words, the boundary between sentences and phrases, etc. And at last the method of computing the text similarity is put forward.
The Compression Cache: Using On-line Compression to Extend Physical Memory

This paper describes a method for trading oo computation for disk or network I/O by using less expensive on-line compression. By using some memory to store data in compressed format, it may be possible to t the working set of one or more large applications in relatively small memory. For working sets that are too large to t in memory even when compressed, compression still provides a beneet by reducing bandwidth and space requirements. Overall, the eeectiveness of this compression cache depends on application behavior and the relative costs of compression and I/O. Measurements using Sprite on a DECstation 1 5000/200 workstation with a local disk indicate that some memory-intensive applications running with a compression cache can run two to three times faster than on an unmodiied system. Better speedups would be expected in a system with a greater disparity between the speed of its processor and the bandwidth to its backing store.
Labor Supply Dynamics, Unemployment and Human Capital Investments

In the last decades, the OECD labor markets faced important labor supply changes with the arrival of women and the cohorts of the baby-boom. Using a survey where workers declare their true employment experience, this paper argues that the supply trend can be equivalent to a trend of more inexperienced workers. The paper proposes to investigate the potentially important consequences of the dynamics of labor supply trends on the skill composition of the labor force, between-groups wage inequality and the level of unemployment. The mechanism highlighted here is that, in periods of sustained growth of the active population, the labor force is younger and less experienced, which may increase the wage return to 'experience' and lead to higher unemployment among low-experience workers. They do not accumulate enough on-the-job human capital, and this reduces in the long-run the supply of skilled workers and the demand for unskilled workers. This intertemporal multiplication of supply shocks generates multiple equilibria. When human capital investment decisions are introduced, low-experience groups try to improve their outcome on the labor market; new cohorts invest in education, women invest in on-the-job skills.
An evolutionary algorithm for regression test suite reduction

As the software is modified and new test cases are added to the test-suite, the size of the test-suite grows and the cost of regression testing increases. In order to decrease the cost of regression testing, researchers have focused on the use of test-suite reduction techniques, which identify a subset of test cases that provides the same coverage of the software, according to some criterion, as the original test-suite. This paper investigates the use of an evolutionary approach, called genetic algorithms, for test-suite reduction. The proposed model builds the initial population based on test history, calculates the fitness value using coverage and run time of test case, and then selectively breeds the successive generations using genetic operations and allows only the fit tests to the reduced suite. This generational process is repeated until an optimized test-suite is found.
Suppression of inflammation by helminths: a role for the gut microbiota?

Multiple recent investigations have highlighted the promise of helminth-based therapies for the treatment of inflammatory disorders of the intestinal tract of humans, including inflammatory bowel disease and coeliac disease. However, the mechanisms by which helminths regulate immune responses, leading to the amelioration of symptoms of chronic inflammation are unknown. Given the pivotal roles of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of these disorders, it has been hypothesized that helminth-induced modifications of the gut commensal flora may be responsible for the therapeutic properties of gastrointestinal parasites. In this article, we review recent progress in the elucidation of host–parasite–microbiota interactions in both animal models of chronic inflammation and humans, and provide a working hypothesis of the role of the gut microbiota in helminth-induced suppression of inflammation.
Truncating TLS Connections to Violate Beliefs in Web Applications

We identify logical web application flaws which can be exploited by TLS truncation attacks to desynchronize the user- and server-perspective of an application's state. It follows immediately that servers may make false assumptions about users, hence, the flaw constitutes a security vulnerability. Moreover, in the context of authentication systems, we exploit the vulnerability to launch the following practical attacks: we exploit the Helios electronic voting system to cast votes on behalf of honest voters, take full control of Microsoft Live accounts, and gain temporary access to Google accounts.
Allelic Transcripts Dosage Effect in Morphologically Normal Ovarian Cells from Heterozygous Carriers of a BRCA1/2 French Canadian Founder Mutation

We hypothesized that the transcriptome of primary cultures of morphologically normal ovarian surface epithelial cells could be altered by the presence of a heterozygous BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. We aimed to discover early events associated with ovarian carcinogenesis, which could represent putative targets for preventive strategies of this silent killer tumor. We identified the first molecular signature associated with French Canadian BRCA1 or BRCA2 founder mutations in morphologically normal ovarian epithelial cells. We discovered that wild-type and mutated BRCA2 allelic transcripts were expressed not only in morphologically normal but also in tumor cells from BRCA2-8765delAG carriers. Further analysis of morphologically normal ovarian and tumor cells from BRCA1-4446C>T carriers lead to the same observation. Our data support the idea that one single hit in BRCA1 or BRCA2 is sufficient to alter the transcriptome of phenotypically normal ovarian epithelial cells. The highest level of BRCA2-mutated allele transcript expression was measured in cells originating from the most aggressive ovarian tumor. The penetrance of the mutation and the aggressiveness of the related tumor could depend on a dosage effect of the mutated allele transcript. Cancer Prev Res; 5(5); 765–77. ©2012 AACR.
Yuragi-based adaptive searching behavior in mobile robot: From bacterial chemotaxis to Levy walk

Biologically inspired techniques have been widely investigated for realizing adaptive searching behaviour in a mobile robot. In this paper, we propose a framework based on “Yuragi”, a Japanese word for biological fluctuation. Yuragi-based framework is simple, has a noise-utilizing novelty to keep the robot searching for the goal, while its basic expression enables the robot to switch elegantly between stochastic and deterministic behaviour. It also doesn't need the model of the environment and therefore robust to changes in the environment. Here, we argue that the framework can realize effective searching behaviour, with and without sensory information. We do this by constructing a Yuragi-based equation that enables the robot to perform two already known effective searching behaviours: bacterial chemotaxis, probably the simplest yet effective gradient sources searching behaviour found in living creature, and Levy walk, specialized random walks with fractal movement trajectories that optimize random search for sparsely and randomly distributed target(s). As realized using the same framework, they can therefore be combined, and we will also show that it can be beneficial.
Random Walk in Large Real-World Graphs for Finding Smaller Vertex Cover

The problem of finding a minimum vertex cover (MinVC) in a graph is a prominent NP-hard problem of great importance in both theory and application. During recent decades, there has been much interest in finding optimal or near-optimal solutions to this problem. Many existing heuristic algorithms for MinVC are based on local search strategies. Recently, an algorithm called FastVC takes a first step towards solving the MinVC problem for large real-world graphs. However, FastVC may be trapped by local minima during the local search stage due to the lack of suitable diversification mechanisms. In this work, we design a new random walk strategy to help FastVC escape from local minima. Experiments conducted on a broad range of large real-world graphs show that our algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms on most classes of the benchmark and finds smaller vertex covers on a considerable portion of the graphs.
Toward a Framework for Evaluating Heterogeneous Architecture Styles

Evaluating architectures and choosing the correct one is a critical issue in software engineering domain, in accordance with extremely extension of architecture-driven designs. In the first years of defining architecture styles, some special quality attributes were introduced as their basic attributes. After a moment, by utilizing them in practice, some results were obtained confirming some of attributes; some others meanwhile were not witnessed. As software architecture construction process is dependent on and addressed by both usage conditions and quality attributes, in this paper a framework has been proposed to provide an environment and a platform that can cover evaluation of architecture styles with a technique that not only exploits both qualitative and quantitative information but also considering users' needs is possible precisely and with high quality. Moreover, we define a classification and notation in order to describe heterogeneous architectures. It provides us with the ability of evaluating heterogeneous architecture styles of a software system.
Joint Propagation and Refinement for Mining Opinion Words and Targets

This paper proposes a novel Joint Propagation and Refinement (JPR) method to extract opinion words and targets. We adopt a growing heuristic method to extract new opinion words and targets in two parallel processes: propagation and refinement. In the propagation process, we generate the candidate sets of opinion words and targets and construct Sentiment Graph Model (SGM) to evaluate the relations between opinion words and targets. We employ statistical word co-occurrence and dependency patterns to identify these relations. In addition, we discover new patterns by the newly extracted opinion words and targets, which can capture opinion relations more precisely in the case of informal texts. In the refinement process, we prune false results and update model iteratively. We employ Automatic Rule Refinement (ARR) to refine the rules of extraction, which means to refine the rule to extract false results. By using false results pruning and ARR process, we can efficiently alleviate the error propagation problem in traditional bootstrapping based methods. Experimental results on both English and Chinese datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Impaired Adult Neurogenesis in the Dentate Gyrus of a Triple Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

It has become generally accepted that new neurones are added and integrated mainly in two areas of the mammalian CNS, the subventricular zone and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, which is of central importance in learning and memory. The newly generated cells display neuronal morphology, are able to generate action potentials and receive functional synaptic inputs, i.e. their properties are similar to those found in mature neurones. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the primary and widespread cause of dementia and is an age-related, progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disease that deteriorates cognitive functions. Here, we have used male and female triple transgenic mice (3xTg-AD) harbouring three mutant genes (β-amyloid precursor protein, presenilin-1 and tau) and their respective non-transgenic (non-Tg) controls at 2, 3, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months of age to establish the link between AD and neurogenesis. Using immunohistochemistry we determined the area density of proliferating cells within the SGZ of the DG, measured by the presence of phosphorylated Histone H3 (HH3), and their possible co-localisation with GFAP to exclude a glial phenotype. Less than 1% of the HH3 labeled cells co-localised with GFAP. Both non-Tg and 3xTg-AD showed an age-dependent decrease in neurogenesis. However, male 3xTg-AD mice demonstrated a further reduction in the production of new neurones from 9 months of age (73% decrease) and a complete depletion at 12 months, when compared to controls. In addition, female 3xTg-AD mice showed an earlier but equivalent decrease in neurogenesis at 4 months (reduction of 63%) with an almost inexistent rate at 12 months (88% decrease) compared to controls. This reduction in neurogenesis was directly associated with the presence of β-amyloid plaques and an increase in the number of β-amyloid containing neurones in the hippocampus; which in the case of 3xgTg females was directly correlated. These results suggest that 3xTg-AD mice have an impaired ability to generate new neurones in the DG of the hippocampus, the severity of which increases with age and might be directly associated with the known cognitive impairment observed from 6 months of age onwards . The earlier reduction of neurogenesis in females, from 4 months, is in agreement with the higher prevalence of AD in women than in men. Thus it is conceivable to speculate that a recovery in neurogenesis rates in AD could help to rescue cognitive impairment.
Metabolomics of the Bio-Degradation Process of Aflatoxin B1 by Actinomycetes at an Initial pH of 6.0

Contamination of food and feed by Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a cause of serious economic and health problems. Different processes have been used to degrade AFB1. In this study, biological degradation of AFB1 was carried out using three Actinomycete species, Rhodococcus erythropolis ATCC 4277, Streptomyces lividans TK 24, and S. aureofaciens ATCC 10762, in liquid cultures. Biodegradation of AFB1 was optimised under a range of temperatures from 25 to 40 °C and pH values of 4.0 to 8.0. An initial concentration of 20 µg/mL of AFB1 was used in this study. The amount of AFB1 remaining was measured against time by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), coupled with UV and mass spectrometry (LC-MS). All species were able to degrade the AFB1, and no significant difference was found between them. AFB1 remained in the liquid culture for R. erythropolis, S. lividans and S. aureofaciens were 0.81 µg/mL, 2.41 µg/mL and 2.78 µg/mL respectively, at the end of the first 24 h. Degradation occurred at all incubation temperatures and the pH with the optimal conditions for R. erythropolis was achieved at 30 °C and pH 6, whereas for S. lividans and S. aureofaciens the optimum conditions for degradation were 30 °C and pH 5. Analysis of the degradative route indicated that each microorganism has a different way of degrading AFB1. The metabolites produced by R. erythropolis were significantly different from the other two microorganisms. Products of degradation were identified through metabolomic studies by utilizing high-resolution mass spectral data. Mass spectrometric analysis indicated that the degradation of AFB1 was associated with the appearance of a range of lower molecular weight compounds. The pathway of degradation or chemical alteration of AFB1 was followed by means of high resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (HR-FTMS) analysis as well as through the MS2 fragmentation to unravel the degradative pathway for AFB1. AFB1 bio-degradation was coupled with the accumulation of intermediates of fatty acid metabolism and glycolysis. A plausible mechanism of degradation of AFB1 by Rhodococcus was hypothesized.