Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perioperative Nutritional Management in Enhanced Recovery after Bariatric Surgery

Obesity is a crucial health problem because it leads to several chronic diseases with an increased risk of mortality and it is very hard to reverse with conventional treatment including changes in lifestyle and pharmacotherapy. Bariatric surgery (BS), comprising a range of various surgical procedures that modify the digestive tract favouring weight loss, is considered the most effective medical intervention to counteract severe obesity, especially in the presence of metabolic comorbidities. The Enhanced Recovery After Bariatric Surgery (ERABS) protocols include a set of recommendations that can be applied before and after BS. The primary aim of ERABS protocols is to facilitate and expedite the recovery process while enhancing the overall effectiveness of bariatric procedures. ERABS protocols include indications about preoperative fasting as well as on how to feed the patient on the day of the intervention, and how to nourish and hydrate in the days after BS. This narrative review examines the application, the feasibility and the efficacy of ERABS protocols applied to the field of nutrition. We found that ERABS protocols, in particular not fasting the patient before the surgery, are often not correctly applied for reasons that are not evidence-based. Furthermore, we identified some gaps in the research about some practises that could be implemented in the presence of additional evidence.
The Relationship between Planar and SPECT/CT Parameters and Functional Markers in Primary Hyperparathyroidism

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between quantitative and volumetric parameters of technetium-99-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging and hormonal and biochemical markers in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients with single adenoma. In this retrospective study, 70 patients with a single adenoma who underwent 99mTc-MIBI imaging for the diagnosis of PHPT were examined. Early and delayed MIBI lesion/background ratios (eLBR and dLBR), early and delayed lesion/thyroid ratio (eLTR and dLTR), and retention index (RI) were calculated as planar dual-phase scintigraphy parameters. Adenoma volume (Svol) and parathormone (PTH)/Svol ratio were measured as SPECT/CT-derived parameters. Calcium levels exhibited a positive correlation with eLBR (r = 0.33, p < 0.001), dLBR (r = 0.29, p = 0.01), dLTR (r = 0.31, p < 0.001), and PTH/Svol (r = 0.38, p < 0.001). PTH did not correlate with planar parameters and Svol. Among the imaging parameters, only the PTH/Svol ratio showed a negative correlation with phosphorus levels (r = −0.29, p = 0.02). For predicting disease severity, the PTH/Svol ratio exhibited similar diagnostic performance to PTH and phosphorus levels but outperformed the eLBR and dLBR. Both planar and SPECT-derived parameters can provide valuable insights into the functional status of the parathyroid adenoma and the associated disease severity. PTH/Svol ratio, combining imaging and laboratory findings to provide a more comprehensive approach to patient care, could be an exciting new indicator.
SSR marker based profiling and population structure analysis in peach (Prunus persica) germplasm

For breeding programmes to be successful and for germplasm conservation, it is essential to characterize and analyze the genetic diversity of available germplasm. The present experiment was conducted at Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology, Haldi, Uttarakhand during 2022 to study the molecular profile of 41 peach [Prunus persica (L.) Stokes] accessions using 23 polymorphic SSR markers. The number of alleles detected ranged from 3 to 8 with an average of 4.65 alleles per locus (Na) and a total of 107 alleles were amplified. The average effective number of alleles (Ne) were 2.89 per marker. The SSR marker MA015a produced maximum number of 8 alleles followed by BPPCT 015 and CPPCT14 which produced 7 alleles each. The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied between 0.317–0.836 with a mean value of 0.563. The observed heterozygosity examined was lower (Ho = 0.02) and the expected heterozygosity (He = 0.61) ranged between 0.34 to 0.85. The presence of a higher Shannon’s information index (I) of 1.17 indicates higher diversity in the given set of peach genotypes. Jaccard’s similarity coefficient ranging from 0.533 to 1, indicated a pair-wise relationship among the peach accessions. The cluster dendrogram partitioned the accessions into two main clusters. However, the total accessions were stratified into 3 groups (K=3) based on population structure analysis which was further confirmed by Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA). The information generated in the study may have great implications in molecular characterization, fingerprinting and documentation of accessions in the peach improvement programme.
Microwave and Millimeter-Wave GaN HEMTs: Impact of Epitaxial Structure on Short-Channel Effects, Electron Trapping, and Reliability

Application of gallium nitride high-electron-mobility transistors (GaN HEMTs) to millimeter-wave power amplifiers requires gate length scaling below 150 nm: in order to control short-channel effects, the gate-to-channel distance must be decreased, and the device epitaxial structure has to be completely redesigned. A high 2-D electron gas (2DEG) carrier density can be preserved even with a very thin top barrier layer by substituting AlGaN with AlN, InAl(Ga)N, or ScAlN. Moreover, to prevent interaction of hot electrons with compensating impurities and defects in the doped GaN buffer, the latter has to be separated from the channel by a back barrier. Other device designs consist in adopting a graded channel (which controls the electric field) or to adopt nitrogen-polar (N-polar) GaN growth (which decreases the distance between gate and channel, thus attenuating short-channel effects). The aim of this article is to review the various options for controlling short-channel effects, improve off-state characteristics, and reduce drain–source leakage current. Advantages and potential drawbacks of each proposed solution are analyzed in terms of current collapse (CC), dispersion effects, and reliability.
Gestural embodiment of spatial schematic information in motion-based and static space-based metaphors

Abstract In this study, we examined the types of gestures that occurred with motion-based, static space-based, static object-based, and static event-based metaphors. A group of participants listened to three short stories and then retold them in front of a camera. The camera could record participants’ gestures. Each story contained two metaphors of each type. Our aim was to calculate the frequency of occurrence of metaphoric gestures with these metaphors when participants were retelling the stories. We used a contingency table analysis to make a comparison between the four types of gestures in terms of the number of metaphoric gestures that occurred with them. Results of this analysis showed that the number of metaphoric gestures that occurred with motion-based and static space-based metaphors was significantly higher than the number of metaphoric gestures that occurred with static object-based and static event-based metaphors. Based on these results, it is suggested that metaphoric embodiment of the target of a metaphor in terms of its base is dependent on the nature of spatial features of the base. When base of a metaphor includes more spatial schematic information, it is more likely to be realized in metaphoric gestures. This happens for motion-based and static space-based metaphors.
The T Cell Immunoscore as a Reference for Biomarker Development Utilizing Real-World Data from Patients with Advanced Malignancies Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Simple Summary This study utilized real-world data from patients with advanced malignancies who underwent immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. We used transcriptomic data to derive an immunoscore based on CD3+ and CD8+ T cell densities using CIBERSORTx and the LM22 gene signature matrix. The imputed immunoscore effectively predicted overall survival (OS); patients with an intermediate–high immunoscore achieved better OS than those with a low immunoscore. Therefore, the T cell immunoscore represents a promising signature for estimating OS with ICIs and can be used as a reference for future machine learning-based biomarker development. Abstract Background: We aimed to determine the prognostic value of an immunoscore reflecting CD3+ and CD8+ T cell density estimated from real-world transcriptomic data of a patient cohort with advanced malignancies treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in an effort to validate a reference for future machine learning-based biomarker development. Methods: Transcriptomic data was collected under the Total Cancer Care Protocol (NCT03977402) Avatar® project. The real-world immunoscore for each patient was calculated based on the estimated densities of tumor CD3+ and CD8+ T cells utilizing CIBERSORTx and the LM22 gene signature matrix. Then, the immunoscore association with overall survival (OS) was estimated using Cox regression and analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves. The OS predictions were assessed using Harrell’s concordance index (C-index). The Youden index was used to identify the optimal cut-off point. Statistical significance was assessed using the log-rank test. Results: Our study encompassed 522 patients with four cancer types. The median duration to death was 10.5 months for the 275 participants who encountered an event. For the entire cohort, the results demonstrated that transcriptomics-based immunoscore could significantly predict patients at risk of death (p-value < 0.001). Notably, patients with an intermediate–high immunoscore achieved better OS than those with a low immunoscore. In subgroup analysis, the prediction of OS was significant for melanoma and head and neck cancer patients but did not reach significance in the non-small cell lung cancer or renal cell carcinoma cohorts. Conclusions: Calculating CD3+ and CD8+ T cell immunoscore using real-world transcriptomic data represents a promising signature for estimating OS with ICIs and can be used as a reference for future machine learning-based biomarker development.
Precise point positioning for the efficient and robust analysis of GPS data from large networks

Networks of dozens to hundreds of permanently operating precision Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers are emerging at spatial scales that range from 100 to 103 km. To keep the computational burden associated with the analysis of such data economically feasible, one approach is to first determine precise GPS satellite positions and clock corrections from a globally distributed network of GPS receivers. Then, data from the local network are analyzed by estimating receiver-specific parameters with receiver-specific data; satellite parameters are held fixed at their values determined in the global solution. This “precise point positioning” allows analysis of data from hundreds to thousands of sites every day with 40-Mflop computers, with results comparable in quality to the simultaneous analysis of all data. The reference frames for the global and network solutions can be free of distortion imposed by erroneous fiducial constraints on any sites.
Tomography of the Earth's atmosphere by the spaceborne occultation radiometer ORA: Spatial inversion algorithm

The occultation radiometer ORA was designed to perform measurements of O 3 , NO 2 , H 2 O, number density, and aerosol extinction altitude profiles in the Earth's atmosphere through the occultation method viewing the full solar disk. The experiment was mounted on the EURECA satellite and measured the relative transmission of light during about 7000 orbital sunsets and sunrises from August 11, 1992, to May 13, 1993. The spatial inversion algorithm developed to retrieve the total extinction altitude profiles from these data is described here. It is shown that the signal measured by an instrument having a large field of view can be successfully processed to give a much better altitude resolution than the one related to the angular size of the Sun. The main difficulties concern the inclusion of all refractive effects, the application of a new inversion scheme and its associated mapping strategy to refine the aerosol layer detection. The algorithm applies to fully nonlinear occultation experiments requiring global and nonheuristic inversion schemes.
Perbandingan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor dan Decision Tree untuk Penentuan Risiko Kredit Kepemilikan Mobil

Perbandingan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor Dan Decision Tree untuk Risiko Kredit Kepemilikan Mobil Kredit adalah sarana agar orang atau perusahaan dapat meminjam modal atau uang dan membayarnya dalam tempo yang sudah ditentukan. Agar kredit yang diberikan sesuai tujuan atau sasaran; yaitu aman; maka perlu diakukan analisis kredit. Analisis kredit adalah kajian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui kelayakan dari suatu permasalahan kredit. Dalam penelitian analisa kredit ini menggunakan perbandingan Algoitma K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) yang merupakan penelitian menggunakan metode dengan mencari kedekatan antara kriteria kasus baru dengan kriteria kasus lama berdasarkan kriteria kasus yang paling mendekati; dan menggunakan Metode Decision tree yang merupakan metode yang ada pada teknik klasifikasidalam data mining. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan aplikasi Rapid Miner menunjukan bahwa Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) memiliki nilai akurasi yang lebih baik
The Gamification of Responsible Gambling: A Critical Discussion of Emergent Techniques for Addressing Gambling-Related Harms

Figure 1 is a screen capture from the Ontario Lottery and Gaming (OLG) responsible gambling site, PlaySmart. It is an interactive educational tool designed to look like a slot machine game with the purpose of dispelling myths about luck and chance in such gambling games. These tools represent an emerging intersection between responsible gambling and gamification, which will be discussed in this essay in its concerning connection to broader trends of responsibilization.
Evaluation of historical museum interior lighting system using fully immersive virtual luminous environment

Saint Rocco Museum, a historical building in Venice, Italy is used as a case study to explore the performance of its’ lighting system and visible light impact on viewing the large size art works. The transition from threedimensional architectural rendering to the three-dimensional virtual luminance mapping and visualization within a virtual environment is described as an integrated optical method for its application toward preservation of the cultural heritage of the space. Lighting simulation programs represent color as RGB triplets in a devicedependent color space such as ITU-R BT709. Prerequisite for this is a 3D-model which can be created within this computer aided virtual environment. The onsite measured surface luminance, chromaticity and spectral data were used as input to an established real-time indirect illumination and a physically based algorithms to produce the best approximation for RGB to be used as an input to generate the image of the objects. Conversion of RGB to and from spectra has been a major undertaking in order to match the infinite number of spectra to create the same colors that were defined by RGB in the program. The ability to simulate light intensity, candle power and spectral power distributions provide opportunity to examine the impact of color inter-reflections on historical paintings. VR offers an effective technique to quantify the visible light impact on human visual performance under precisely controlled representation of light spectrum that could be experienced in 3D format in a virtual environment as well as historical visual archives. The system can easily be expanded to include other measurements and stimuli.
An algorithm for automated identification of fault zone trapped waves

We develop an algorithm for automatic identiﬁcation of fault zone trapped waves in data recorded by seismic fault zone arrays. Automatic S picks are used to identify time windows in the seismograms for subsequent search for trapped waves. The algorithm calculates ﬁve features in each seismogram recorded by each station: predominant period, 1 s duration energy (representative of trapped waves), relative peak strength, arrival delay and 6 s duration energy (representative of the entire seismogram). These features are used collectively to identify stations in the array with seismograms that are statistical outliers. Applying the algorithm to large data sets allows for distinguishing genuine trapped waves from occasional localized site ampliﬁcation in seismograms of other stations. The method is veriﬁed on a test data set recorded across the rupture zone of the 1992 Landers earthquake, for which trapped waves were previously identiﬁed manually, and is then applied to a larger data set with several thousand events recorded across the San Jacinto fault zone. The developed technique provides an important tool for systematic objective processing of large seismic waveform data sets recorded near fault zones.
Geophysical and geological evidence for fracturing, water circulation and chemical alteration in granitic rocks adjacent to major strike‐slip faults

Gravity and seismic measurements collected on granitic plutons cut by the San Andreas, Garlock, and San Jacinto faults of central and southern California show that these faults are bounded by belts of anomalous rock extending 2–5 km on both sides of the surface traces of the faults. Borehole and petrographic studies show that anomalously low densities and seismic velocities in this zone are due to both fracturing and chemical alteration. Fracturing, water circulation, and alteration are inexorably interrelated. High fracture densities are required to provide the permeability that allows water to reach and react with rocks hundreds to thousands of meters below the surface. Alteration products stable to seismogenic depths include montmorillonite (MO). Since the products of this alteration include expansive clays, this process is self-limiting. Formation of MO is facilitated by sparse water, whereas kaolinite and other clays can form if the amount of water exceeds the quantity needed for MO. Earthquakes periodically reopen the blocked fractures, a mechanism necessary in generating the broad, deep zone of pervasive alteration inferred from geophysical measurements. These geophysical and petrological patterns are clues not only to the evolution of these faults but also to the dynamics of mechanisms currently operating within the seismogenic zone. This deep circulation model predicts that the strength of a fault segment varies in time. Timing of major earthquakes may be due as much to temporal strength variations as to stress events in the crust. Significant preseismic changes in the physical properties of the crust are probably confined to the zone of fractured rock immediately adjacent to the faults.
Apollo 14 Mare basalts: Petrology and geochemistry of clasts from Consortium Breccia 14321

Eleven mare basalt clasts have been extracted from polymict lunar breccia 14321 for a combined petrologic and geochemical study by our consortium. Ten of these clasts are high-Al, low-Ti mare basalts similar to those discovered previously at Apollo 14. The other is a highly evolved tridymite ferrobasalt with low Al and intermediate Ti contents. A high-Al, ilmenite ferrobasalt from lunar breccia 14305 is the most evolved high-Al basalt described from the Apollo 14 site. The major and trace element characteristics of the basalts studied here allow them to be grouped into five compositional types that range from LREE-depleted to LREE-enriched. Some of these types may be related by varying percents of partial melting of the same source, but at least two separate sources that differ by a factor of two in incompatible trace element concentrations are required. The “14321-type” basalts and vitrophyres have steep chondritenormalized HREE slopes and may have formed by assimilation of “Intermediate-K Fra Mauro” KREEP, which is presumed to represent a partial melt of the lower crust. The age of these basalts (> 3.9 aeons) suggests that mare volcanism played an important role in the evolution of the early lunar crust.
Equatorial Kelvin wave variability during 1992 and 1993

Temperature and ozone data from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on UARS are used to analyze the variability of Kelvin wave activity during the first two years of the UARS mission. The analysis is carried out using the asynoptic mapping technique. Time frequency plots for zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2, at two heights representing the middle stratosphere and the stratopause, respectively, are used to analyze the temporal variability of the waves, and its possible relationship to the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and semiannual oscillation (SAO). Kelvin wave activity reaches a maximum during the solstice seasons and almost disappears during the equinoxes, in agreement with previous studies. Eastward propagating variance is estimated for wave periods from 4 to 20 days, at all UARS pressure surfaces currently available for MLS. The semiannual modulation of variance is observed to extend down to the lower limits of the height ranges of the temperature and ozone retrievals. Furthermore, a superposed QBO modulation is detected up to the stratopause. Comparison between the variance in eastward propagating waves and the mean zonal wind shows a possible participation of kelvin waves in the forcing of the QBO. At the stratopause the role of Kelvin waves in forcing the SAO appears to be limited, in agreement with previous results. Between the 21-hPa and 4.6-hPa surfaces there appears to be a transition zone where there is no clear relationship between Kelvin wave activity and mean zonal flow acceleration.
Lava discharge rates from satellite‐measured heat flux

A commonly used method to convert lava flow area to volume flux using low spatial resolution satellite data rests on two primary assumptions, that: (1) volume flux is related to flow area, and (2) lava surfaces cool exponentially with time and distance from the source. Field data show that both assumptions are valid. The ensuing relationship is an empirical one in which flow area is proportional to time‐averaged discharge rate under given compositional, insulation, rheological and ambient conditions. Thus, the proportionality has to be determined depending on flow conditions, and the conversion set and applied on a case‐by‐case basis.
High precision estimation of optical feedback factor and linewidth enhancement using non-dominated sequential genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II)

Self-mixing interferometry is an interferometric technique based on the self-mixing effect. Its unique structure and operating principle allow part of the light emitted by the laser to be reflected back into the laser cavity via a remote target, producing optical output power modulations and displayed as interference waveforms. The shape of these waveforms is determined by the optical feedback factor and the linewidth enhancement factor, which also affect the behavior and measurement performance of the self-mixing interferometric system. To address the need for optical measurements in the medium feedback case, this paper proposes a method to accurately estimate the optical feedback factor and linewidth enhancement factor using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). The effectiveness and robustness of the method are verified by simulation and experimental results, and preliminary tests show that it can achieve an accuracy of 0.35% and 0.56% in estimating the optical feedback factor and linewidth enhancement factor. The method has potential for practical engineering applications and promotes the development of self-mixing interferometry.