Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Meta-Analysis of Resveratrol Protects against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Evidence from Small Animal Studies and Insight into Molecular Mechanisms

Aims Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a leading cause of cardiomyocyte loss and subsequent ventricular dysfunction after restoring the coronary blood flow and contributes to considerable increase in morbidity and mortality. Resveratrol has been declared to confer cardioprotection against in vivo and ex vivo myocardial I/R injury. Here, we have sought to investigate the effects of preconditioning with resveratrol on myocardial I/R damage across the small animal studies. Methods and Results The MEDLINE, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane databases were searched for preclinical studies investigating resveratrol vs. vehicle published from the inception to July 2018. Eventually, 10 in vivo and 7 ex vivo studies with 261 animals (130 for resveratrol; 131 for vehicle) were included for meta-analysis. Pooled estimates for primary outcomes demonstrated that pretreatment with resveratrol significantly reduced the infarct size after myocardial I/R injury irrespective of in vivo (weighted mean difference (WMD): -13.42, 95% CI: -16.63 to -10.21, P ≤ 0.001) or ex vivo (WMD: -15.05, 95% CI: -18.23 to -11.86, P ≤ 0.001) studies. Consistently, stratified analysis according to the reperfusion duration, route of administration, or timing regimen of pretreatment all showed the infarct-sparing benefit of resveratrol. Metaregression did not indicate any difference in infarct size based on species, sample size, state, route of administration, reperfusion duration, and timing regimen of pretreatment. Meanwhile, sensitivity analysis also identified the cardioprotection of resveratrol with robust results in spite of significant heterogeneity. Conclusions Preconditioning with resveratrol appears to prevent the heart from I/R injury in comparison with vehicle, as evidenced by limited infarct size in a preclinical setting. Studies with large animals or randomized controlled trials will add more evidence and provide the rationale for clinical use.
A Method to Accurately Estimate the Muscular Torques of Human Wearing Exoskeletons by Torque Sensors

In exoskeletal robots, the quantification of the user’s muscular effort is important to recognize the user’s motion intentions and evaluate motor abilities. In this paper, we attempt to estimate users’ muscular efforts accurately using joint torque sensor which contains the measurements of dynamic effect of human body such as the inertial, Coriolis, and gravitational torques as well as torque by active muscular effort. It is important to extract the dynamic effects of the user’s limb accurately from the measured torque. The user’s limb dynamics are formulated and a convenient method of identifying user-specific parameters is suggested for estimating the user’s muscular torque in robotic exoskeletons. Experiments were carried out on a wheelchair-integrated lower limb exoskeleton, EXOwheel, which was equipped with torque sensors in the hip and knee joints. The proposed methods were evaluated by 10 healthy participants during body weight-supported gait training. The experimental results show that the torque sensors are to estimate the muscular torque accurately in cases of relaxed and activated muscle conditions.
Finding Hard Satis ability Problems UsingBacterial ConjugationDr

The Satissability Problem is an important problem, both in Arti-cial Intelligence and Complexity Theory. Recently, there have been attempts to nd eecient algorithms to solve this problem based on the Greedy Algorithm. In order to test these algorithms eeectively, hard problems are required. The space of satissability problems is enormous and the vast majority of them can be solved trivially, hence the probability of nding hard problems at random is low. EEective methods of nding or constructing hard problems are therefore important in understanding how good the problem solving algorithms actually are. A method of creating hard satissability problems by genetic algorithms using mutation and bacterial conjugation is described. Bacterial conjugation is compared with simple mutation. The reasons why traditional bit string representations for this problem are dii-cult to achieve are discussed. Preliminary results using conjugation are presented and appear to indicate a promising line of research. 1 The Satissability Problem The satissability problem is of critical importance in complexity theory because it has been shown that any NP problem is polynomially reducible to it Cook 1971]. The satissability problem is also of concern in Artiicial Intelligence because several AI techniques such as deductive reasoning critically depend upon it. Other forms of reasoning such as planning and default reasoning also have connections with the satissability problem. For a further discussion of this, see Selman, Levesque and Mitchell 1992]. Several algorithms have recently been developed that attempt to solve the satissability problem eeciently. One of the most important of these is the Greedy Algorithm Papadimitriou and Stenglitz 1991],,Gu 1992] and Selman, Levesque and Mitchell 1992], known as GSAT. The satissability problem for n variables (x 1 ; x 2 ; :::x n) is a formula in Boolean Algebra expressed in conjunctive normal form (CNF) (i.e. a conjunction of disjuncts). Each disjunct typically has three variables. If there are a set of truth values 1
Secondary Kodaira-Spencer classes and nonabelian Dolbeault cohomology

If $X$ is a smooth projective variety moving in a family, we define a secondary Kodaira-Spencer class for nonabelian Dolbeault cohomology $Hom(X_{Dol}, T)$ of $X$ with coefficients in the complexified 2-sphere $T=S^2\otimes \cc$ (which is a 3-stack on $Sch /\cc$). Let $Z$ be a simply connected projective surface with $h^{2,0}\neq 0$, and let $X$ be the blow-up of $Z$ at a point $P$. As $P$ moves in $Z$, the blow-up $X$ moves in a family and we show that the secondary Kodaira-Spencer class is nontrivial. This contrasts with the fact that the variations of mixed Hodge structures on the homotopy groups of $X$ are constant. We discuss various surrounding notions, including two appendices where we give some details about the Breen calculations in characteristic zero and representability of simply connected complex shapes.
To What Extent can Dry and Water-based EEG Electrodes Replace Conductive Gel Ones? - A Steady State Visual Evoked Potential Brain-computer Interface Case Study

Recent technological advances in the field of skin electrodes and on-body sensors indicate a possibility of having an alternative to the traditionally used conductive gel electrodes for measuring electrical signals of the brain (electroencephalogram, EEG). This paper evaluates whether water-based and dry contact electrode solutions can replace the gel ones. The quality of the obtained signal by three headsets, each using 8 electrodes of a different type, is estimated onthe steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) brain-computer interface (BCI) use case. The stimuli frequencies in the low (12 to 21Hz) and high (28 to 40Hz) frequency domain were used. Six people, that had different hair length and type, participated in the experiment. SSVEP response in terms of power spectra across different electrodes is compared and the impact of noise on temporal characteristics ofthe response is discussed. For people with shorter hair style the performance of water-based and dry electrodes comes close to the gelones in the optimal setting. On average, the classification accuracy of 0.63 for dry and 0.88 for water-based electrodes is achieved, compared to the 0.96 obtained for gel electrodes. The theoretical maximum of the average information transfer rate across participants was 23bpm for dry, 38bpm for water-based and 67bpm for gel electrodes. Furthermore, the convenience level of all three setups was seen as comparable. These results demonstrate that, having optimized headset and electrode design for dry and water-based electrodes for people with different hair length and type, dry and water-based electrode scan replace gel ones in BCIs and Neurofeedback applications where lower communication speed is acceptable.
An easy to calculate equation to estimate GFR based on inulin clearance.

BACKGROUND For the estimation of renal function on the basis of serum creatinine, either the Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation or the MDRD formula is commonly used. Compared to MDRD (using power functions), CG has the advantage of easy calculability at the bedside. MDRD, however, approaches glomerular filtration rate (GFR) more precisely than CG and gives values corrected for a body surface area (BSA) of 1.73 m(2). We wondered whether CG could be adapted to estimate GFR rather than creatinine clearance without losing the advantage of easy calculability. In this prospective study, inulin clearance under well-defined conditions was taken as the gold standard for GFR. METHODS In 182 living kidney donors, inulin clearance was measured under standardized conditions (protein, salt and water intake, overnight stay) before and after nephrectomy. Together with the serum creatinine level, and demographic and clinical data, 281 measurements of inulin clearance were used to compare the accuracy of different estimation equations. Using stepwise multiple regression, a new set of constants was defined for a CG-like equation in order to estimate GFR. RESULTS The MDRD equation underestimated GFR by 9%, and the quadratic equation suggested by Rule overestimated GFR by 12.4%. The new CG-like equation, even when calculated with 'mental arithmetic-friendly' rounded parameters, showed significantly less bias (1.2%). The adapted equation is GFR[mL/min] = ((155 - Age[years]) x weight [kg]/serum creatinine [micromol/L]) x 0.85 if female. CONCLUSIONS We propose the CG-like equation called IB-eGFR (Inulinclearance Based eGFR) to estimate GFR more reliably than MDRD, Rule's equation or the original Cockcroft-Gault equation. As our data represent a Caucasian population, the adapted equation is still to be validated for patients of other ethnicity.
The fundamental theorem via derived Morita invariance, localization, and A(1)-homotopy invariance

We prove that every functor defined on dg categories, which is derived Morita invariant, localizing, and A^1-homotopy invariant, satisfies the fundamental theorem. As an application, we recover in a unified and conceptual way, Weibel and Kassel's fundamental theorems in homotopy algebraic K-theory, and periodic cyclic homology, respectively.
A novel symmetric weighted thinned array with pattern reconfigurable antenna to achieve wide-angle scanning with low side lobe level

In this paper, a novel symmetric weighted thinned array with pattern reconfigurable antenna is proposed to achieve wide-angle scanning performance. By properly selecting the weighted function, excitation and states of each element, the array can scan its main beam form -77° to +77° with respect to broadside with side lobe level (SLL) almost -10dB below the maximum when scanning to the wide angle. And the 3dB beam width coverage is almost from -98° to +97° in H-plane.
PREDICTION OF MOTOR MISALIGNMENT USING NEURAL NETWORKS

It is common knowledge that a misaligned rotating system exhibits vibration, and that the more misaligned a system is, the more it vibrates. The aim of this paper is to present a methodology by which the misalignment condition of a motordynamometer system can be predicted by an artificial neural network. Vibration data was measured at 10 positions for 23 different misalignment conditions. This time domain vibration data was transformed to the frequency domain to obtain their power spectral densities. Principle component analysis was used to extract the principle components of these spectral densities. These principle components are used to train and test the neural network alignment monitoring system. The results presented in this paper are encouraging but not conclusive.
Extended abstract: Learning search strategies

The underlying motivation for the work presented in this paper is to usefully understand what is called the value of computation (Russell & Wefald 1991). By this intuitively mean the following. Suppose we have some computational process C which, at some point, has a choice between the computations co and cl. We would like to be able to make claims of the form: co is a better choice for C than cl because the value of co is greater than that of cl. Extending this idea by calling the set of choices made by C a program, we would similarly like to be able to say that the value of the program ~r = {ci } is greater than that of ~r’ = {e~}. This, in turn, would allow us to define the best, or bounded optimal (Russell & Subramanian 1995) program for C. Let us consider what would be required of a formalism to make these ideas meaningful. It is certainly necessary to first provide a context for the computation; i.e., we need to define what we want the computation to do. As an example, the classic framework of complexity has developed by considering the context of decision problems. Unfortunately, it is difficult to construct a definition for the value of computation within this framework which is ultimately non-trivial. The underlying cause of this difficulty is that there is a "correct answer" to a decision problem. This answer is independent of time, and is hence also independent of the computational process. At best, we can only discuss the amount of time (or some other resource) taken by the entire computational process which computes and outputs this answer. What we would like, instead, is to be able to consider the incremental process of computation and the tradeoffs between continuing and stopping the computation at any point in time. This idea is explored in the field of anytime algorithms (Dean & Boddy 1988; Zilberstein & Russell 1995). Unfortunately, a limitation of the framework of anytime algorithms is that the focus is still typically on some single, independent problem. It is assumed that this problem is given to the computational process when it is initialized, and the goal becomes that of characterizing the performance of the computation with respect to the time at which it is stopped/interrupted. What we would like, however, is to be able to express the problem itself as a process with which the computational process must interact; for example, we would like to be able to address the question of what to do when decision problems occur sequentially. Hence we find that the context of control problems is most suited for our discussion. The particular model of control problems which we consider is based on1 that of semi-Markov decision processes (SMDPs) (Parr 1998). It is well known SMDPs have optimal policies which are stationary 2.
Virtual mobility support for academic cooperation on eLearning 2.0 approaches

The new models on communication and interaction based on online communities should be a basis to improve the collaboration between education institutions to internationalize curricula. The background of this cooperation can be achieved increasing the cooperation on virtual mobility. This paper analyzes the relevance of e-learning online communities and proposes features for such community and method to put in practice.
Editorial: Current Research in Learning Design

A 'learning design' is defined as the description of the teaching-learning process that takes place in a unit of learning (eg, a course, a lesson or any other designed learning event). The key principle in learning design is that it represents the learning activities and the support activities that are performed by different persons (learners, teachers) in the context of a unit of learning. The IMS Learning Design specification aims to represent the learning design of units of learning in a semantic, formal and machine interpretable way. Since its release in 2003 various parties have been active to develop tools, to experiment with Learning Design in practice, or to do research on the further advancement of the specification. The aim of this special issue is to provide an overview of current work in the area. This papers introduces Learning Design, analyses the different papers and provides an overview of current research in Learning Design. The major research issues are at the moment: a) the use of ontologies and semantic web principles & tools related to Learning Design; b) the use of learning design patterns; c) the development of learrning design authoring and content management systems, and d) the development of learning design players, including the issues how to use the integrated set of learning design tools in a variety of settings.
The Neglected Effect of Fiscal Policy on Stock and Bond Returns

We analyze the effect of taxes and government spending on quarterly market returns of stocks, government bonds, and corporate bonds. In US data from 1960 to 2000, a one standard deviation increase in the share of tax receipts in GDP has a statistically and economically significant effect on returns, lowering annualized expected returns by 4% and 9% at quarterly and yearly horizons, respectively. Istrestingly, the impact of taxes is quantitatively similar for stock and bond returns. These results can partly be explained by the high persistence of the tax series so that increases today imply permanently higher tax levels in the future. An increase in government spending has a positive impact on expected returns, but the effect is statistically significant only for bonds, at short horizons. Our findings represent a novel test of Ricardian Equivalence, using market returns. Fiscal Policy shocks account for 3-4% of the variation in unexpected excess stock returns and 8-10% of the variation in unexpected excess bond returns. When fiscal and monetary policy changes are jointly identified, our results remain qualitatively unchanged and the quantitative results are only reinforced. More importantly, we find that fiscal policy is at least as important a source of return variability as is the policy of the Federal Reserve. The findings are surprisingly robust to various system specifications, such as cointegration assumptions and variable choice. Our results strongly suggest that fiscal policy shocks should be given more serious consideration in asset pricing.
Design of Rate-Compatible Irregular LDPC Codes Based on Edge Growth and Parity Splitting

This paper considers the design of rate-compatible low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with optimized degree distributions for their corresponding rates. The proposed design technique is based on extension, where a high-rate base code, or daughter code, is progressively extended to lower and lower rates such that each extension code is compatible with the previously obtained codes. Specifically, two well-known parity matrix construction methodologies, edge growth and parity splitting, are adapted to yield a flexible framework for constructing rate- compatible parity check matrices with a uniform performance characteristic. The design examples provided are based on extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart optimizations and demonstrate good performance up to rates as low as 1/5.
Formulation of an analytical model from MFL defect measurements

INTELLIGENT defect detection has become one of the most challenging scientific industrial course in recent years. models were developed to determine surface-breaking defects along the applied field when using the magnetic flux leakage (MFL) non-destructive technique. The theoretical model fits the experimental MFL results from simulated defects. For MFL sensors, the normal magnetic leakage field is subsequently used for evaluation of defects. Permeability variations were neglected by employing a flux density close to sample saturation. Three different defect geometries were experimentally investigated and the validity of the analytical model was verified. Different Feature extractor functions are applied in this paper to yield fast decision and more accurate. Indeed more accuracy is because of decision on different features that yields by employing two kinds of feature extractors, PCA and DCT. Linear Discriminate Analysis (LDA) is another helpful instrument that is employed precise desission. all feature extractions LDAs and Multilayer perceptron (MLP), are methods for identifying erosion defects are described and employed in this paper. Great accuracy rate in compare between results of related approaches suggests that this Method can be used as an algorithm of MFL data interpretation technique.
Effects of Strengthening Exercise on Gait Ability and GMFM in Cerebral Palsy : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to conduct a systemic review of studies that examine the effects of strengthening exercise on gait ability and GMFM in children with cerebral palsy and propose a standard for cerebral palsy therapy based on a meta-analysis of the studies. METHODS: An extensive literature search was conducted using databases including the KISS (Korean studies Information Service System), RISS, DBpia, PubMed and ScienceDirect, with the following search terms: ‘Strengthening Exercise,’ ‘Resistance Exercise,’ ‘Gait ability,’ ‘GMFM’ or ‘cerebral palsy’.
Integrated simulation of power and communication networks for smart grid applications

Innovative architectures, control mechanisms and network technologies are being proposed to realize the future smart grid. To assess their impact and effectiveness, simulation is key. Simulation in both areas of communication networks as well as power systems has been widely adopted. However, the coupling of those two worlds calls for tools able to address both. In this paper, we propose an innovative integrated framework that models and simulates both the communication network and power networks. We discuss the design and operation of the simulation environment, and illustrate this by means of a case study that employs it.
RELIABLE DYNAMIC SOURCE ROUTING PROTOCOL (RDSRP) FOR ENERGY HARVESTING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) carry noteworthy pros over traditional communication. Though, unkind and composite environments fake great challenges in the reliability of WSN communications. It is more vital to develop a reliable unipath dynamic source routing protocol (RDSRP)l for WSN to provide better quality of service (QoS) in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks (EH-WSN). This paper proposes a dynamic source routing approach for attaining the most reliable route in EH-WSNs. Performance evaluation is carried out using NS-2 and throughput and packet delivery ratio are chosen as the metrics.
Diagnostic Utility of a Clonality Test for Lymphoproliferative Diseases in Koreans Using the BIOMED-2 PCR Assay

Background A clonality test for immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TCR) is a useful adjunctive method for the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative diseases (LPDs). Recently, the BIOMED-2 multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay has been established as a standard method for assessing the clonality of LPDs. We tested clonality in LPDs in Koreans using the BIOMED-2 multiplex PCR and compared the results with those obtained in European, Taiwanese, and Thai participants. We also evaluated the usefulness of the test as an ancillary method for diagnosing LPDs. Methods Two hundred and nineteen specimens embedded in paraffin, including 78 B cell lymphomas, 80 T cell lymphomas and 61 cases of reactive lymphadenitis, were used for the clonality test. Results Mature B cell malignancies showed 95.7% clonality for IG, 2.9% co-existing clonality, and 4.3% polyclonality. Mature T cell malignancies exhibited 83.8% clonality for TCR, 8.1% co-existing clonality, and 16.2% polyclonality. Reactive lymphadenitis showed 93.4% polyclonality for IG and TCR. The majority of our results were similar to those obtained in Europeans. However, the clonality for IGK of B cell malignancies and TCRG of T cell malignancies was lower in Koreans than Europeans. Conclusions The BIOMED-2 multiplex PCR assay was a useful adjunctive method for diagnosing LPDs.