Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compact modeling of the self heating effect in 120 nm multifinger body-contacted SOI MOSFET for RF circuits

With enhancement in the cut-off frequency, CMOS technologies become good candidates for RF applications. Moreover, SOI technologies allow to increase circuit speed, electrical device insulation, suppression of latch up, etc. However, buried oxide increases thermal insulation of the channel region. A consequence is the self heating effect (SHE), which reduce mobility and saturation velocity. This work shows that these degradations are less significant for RF multifinger structures (low thermal resistance) than for a single transistor. To represent this effect, a compact model of thermal resistance with geometrical dependencies is given. This model can be added in BSIM SOI for instance.
Hospital-based trauma registries in Uganda.

OBJECTIVES Toward the establishment of an injury surveillance system in Uganda, the first step was to initiate hospital-based trauma registries that generate relevant and timely data on the causes, severity, morbidity, mortality, and outcomes of injuries at Mulago and Kawolo hospitals. This would help establish injury patterns and priorities in these hospital populations. The registries are based on a minimal data set and a new injury severity instrument, the Kampala Trauma Score (KTS). The usefulness of the registry and the qualities of the KTS are presented. METHODS The Accident and Emergency Department of Mulago, an urban 1,500-bed, tertiary hospital, and the Casualty Unit of Kawolo, a 100-bed district-level hospital. Trained staff in the hospitals used a one-page, 19-item registry form to collect data on demographic, injury incident, and outcome data. The registry describes injuries based on cause, frequency, and severity. The inter-rater reliability and the predictive validity of the KTS were evaluated. Registry subjects include all injured persons that come to the above hospitals. RESULTS Results are based on the first 5,210 records. Gender distribution was 27.7% female and 71.3% male. The younger than 5 years old category was 7.4%, whereas 3.9% were older than 55 years old. Admitted patients composed 37.3% of cases, and three of four injuries were unintentional. The KTS is highly predictive of need for admission or death (adults, Az = 0.95 +/- 0.01; children, Az = 0.89 +/- 0.01). CONCLUSION A trauma registry and injury severity measurement are both possible and useful in sub-Saharan Africa. This minimal data set and the KTS are recommended for investigators with similar resource constraints.
Sex differences in the effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on spatial learning in adolescent and adult rats

Like other recreational drugs, cannabinoids may produce different effects in men and women. In this study we measured the effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on spatial learning in two groups that are underrepresented in drug research – females and adolescents. In the first experiment, adolescent (postnatal day 30) and adult (postnatal day 70) rats of both sexes were treated subchronically with 5.0 mg/kg THC or vehicle for five consecutive days. Thirty minutes after each daily injection, they were tested on the spatial version of the Morris water maze task. In the second experiment, a separate group of adolescent and adult rats of both sexes was treated with 5.0 mg/kg THC or vehicle daily for 21 days and tested, 4 weeks later, on the spatial version of the water maze. Subchronic THC impaired spatial learning, and this effect was dependent upon both the age and sex of the animals tested. Prior exposure to chronic THC, however, did not cause any long-lasting spatial learning deficits. On the basis of our previous studies in male rats the third experiment assessed the dose–response relationship for the effects of THC on spatial learning and memory in female animals. We found that subchronic THC treatment (2.5, 5.0, or 10.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) disrupted learning in both adolescents and adults, but with greater effects at higher doses in adolescents compared with adults. The developmental sensitivity to subchronic THC confirms previous work carried out in our laboratory, and the sex-dependent effects highlight the importance of including females in drug abuse and addiction research.
Discovering the Phylodynamics of RNA Viruses

1 Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Mueller Laboratory, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 2 Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 3 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
A prospective study of cytochrome P450 1A1 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk in men.

Positive associations with increased red meat intake and colorectal cancer have been reported consistently [(1)][1] , particularly with the consumption of broiled and grilled meats [(2)][2] . This may be attributable to PAH[4][3] formation. Cigarette smoking is another source of PAH exposure, and an
An approach to sequential circuit diagnosis based on formal verification techniques

This article deals with the generation of exact diagnostic trees for real-size synchronous sequential circuits. Starting from existing detection-oriented test patterns, a modified fault simulator is used for assessing their diagnostic power, which, in general, is not satisfactory. A diagnostic procedure for improving it is described that successfully exploits symbolic FSM equivalence proof algorithms. In order to resort to costly techniques, such as product machine traversal, only when really needed, special checks are performed to verify combinational identity and identity on reachable states. As all faults are attributed to theirequivalence class, a complete and exact diagnostic tree can be built. Experimental results on ISCAS'89 circuits show the feasibility of the approach and support the claim that, for the first time, diagnosing real-world synchronous sequential circuits has become feasible.
Exploiting Parallel Hardware in Solving Optimization Problems

Making an optimal choice, given a number of possibilities and constraints, is a fundamental problem in economics and engineering. Examples include the optimal choice of a portfolio of stocks, given a budget and diversity requirements; the optim al design of a truss, given certain load requirements; and the determination of an optimal production plan, given the current manufacturing equipment. In many cases such problems can be formulated as mathematical optimization problems, in which a function is maximized or minimized, given a set of decision variables and mathematical constraints specifying the set of feasible decisions. Efficient solution methods are important because practical optimization problems, even when simplified, can be very large. In a linear optimization (LO) problem, a linear function is minimized or maximized, subject to a number of linear equalities and inequalities in which all the variables are continuous. Even though this is a restrictive class of problems, many applications of LO exist. One way to reduce the solution time for large LO problems is to exploit more powerful computer hardware and, in particular, parallel computers, which provide a relatively inexpensive source of computational power. In this article we describe the parallel capabilities recently added to our LO software, called MOSEK.
The role of packet-dropping mechanisms in QoS differentiation

Many research teams are developing technologies to turn the Internet into a QoS-capable network, which is one of the biggest challenges that this communication system currently faces. Naturally, at the core of such a challenge are IP routers and the technology they use. It is a well known fact that the common packet scheduling discipline that is used in routers (first come first served) makes them useless when QoS is needed. Thus, a different type of packet scheduling must be used. One of the most referred solutions for QoS-capable systems is the weighted fair queuing (WFQ) discipline. For FreeBSD-based routers, the ALTQ implementation of the WFQ discipline is, of course, an eligible and natural choice. Given this, it is important to fully understand the characteristics and operational behaviour of such an implementation. This paper presents several tests that guide the reader to a detailed knowledge about the WFQ/ALTQ operation-its behaviour, weaknesses, and flaws-with the purpose of showing how relevant can the influence of the dropper mechanism be on the effectiveness of IP routers.
UNCERTAINTY IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PROCEEDINGS 2000 Tractable Bayesian Learning of Tree Belief Networks

In this paper we present decomposable priors, a family of priors over structure and parameters of tree belief nets for which Bayesian learning with complete observations is tractable, in the sense that the posterior is also decomposable and can be completely determined ana­ lytically in polynomial time. This fol­ lows from two main results: First, we show that factored distributions over spanning trees in a graph can be inte­ grated in closed form. Second, we ex­ amine priors over tree parameters and show that a set of assumptions similar to (Heckerman and al., 1995) constrain the tree parameter priors to be a com­ pactly parametrized product of Dirich­ let distributions. Besides allowing for exact Bayesian learning, these results permit us to formulate a new class of tractable latent variable models in which the likelihood of a data point is com­ puted through an ensemble average over tree structures.
Power control of transmit diversity and beamforming under correlated fading

This paper addresses the transmit power control with multiple antennas. A theoretical comparison of transmit diversity and beamforming techniques in the presence of fading correlation at an antenna array and handoff is presented. The objective is to investigate transmit power of both system and investigate the effect of array perturbations that exist in practical applications of antenna arrays. The perturbations are modeled as additive random errors, following complex Gaussian multivariate distribution, to the antenna array steering vectors. Using the outage probability of the instantaneous channel capacity and transmitter power as performance measures, we conclude that by overlooking array perturbations the performance evaluation tends to underestimate and overestimate, respectively, the transmit diversity and beamforming systems in practical application environments.
Scheduling parallel machines on-line

The authors study the problem of scheduling jobs on parallel machines when the existence of a job is not known until an unknown release date and the processing requirement of a job is not known until the job is processed to completion. They demonstrate two general algorithmic techniques for converting existing polynomial-time algorithms that require complete knowledge about the input data into algorithms that need less advance knowledge. They prove information-theoretic lower bounds on the lengths of online schedules for several basic parallel machine models and then show that the algorithms construct schedules with lengths that either match or come within a constant factor of the lower bounds. <<ETX>>
Metamorphosis: Titian 2012

The recent multi collaboration Metamorphosis, between the National Gallery and the Royal Opera House was shown in London during the Olympics of 2012. The event consisted of an art exhibition, three live performances at the ROH which were filmed and shown on large screens throughout London, and various poetry readings. I would like to discuss this project as demonstrating the notion of empathy elicited by these particular works, themselves responding to three mythological scenes by Titian, and also as exemplifying Gesamtkunstwerk, both in its Wagnerian connotation and also in Artaud’s concept of ‘Total Theatre’. In discussing this collaboration I will be focussing on the exhibition at the National Gallery and the attendant performances.
Human Heme Oxygenase-1 Gene Transfer Lowers Blood Pressure and Promotes Growth in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes the conversion of heme to biliverdin, with release of free iron and carbon monoxide. Both heme and carbon monoxide have been implicated in the regulation of vascular tone. A retroviral vector containing human HO-1 cDNA (LSN-HHO-1) was constructed and subjected to purification and concentration of the viral particles to achieve 5×109 to 1×1010 colony-forming units per milliliter. The ability of concentrated infectious viral particles to express human HO-1 (HHO-1) in vivo was tested. A single intracardiac injection of the concentrated infectious viral particles (expressing HHO-1) to 5-day-old spontaneously hypertensive rats resulted in functional expression of the HHO-1 gene and attenuation of the development of hypertension. Rats expressing HHO-1 showed a significant decrease in urinary excretion of a vasoconstrictor arachidonic acid metabolite and a reduction in myogenic responses to increased intraluminal pressure in isolated arterioles. Unexpectedly, HHO-1 chimeric rats showed a simultaneous significant proportionate increase in somatic growth. Thus, delivery of HHO-1 gene by retroviral vector attenuates the development of hypertension and promotes body growth in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
Context-Awareness for Service Oriented Systems

Today, service oriented systems need to be enhanced to sense and react to users context in order to provide a better user experience. To meet this requirement, Context-Aware Services (CAS) have emerged as an underling design and development paradigm for the development of context-aware systems. The fundamental challenges for such systems development are context-awareness management and service adaptation to the users context. To cope with such requirements, we propose a well designed architecture, named ACAS, to support the development of Context-Aware Service Oriented Systems (CASOS). This architecture relies on a set of context-awareness and CAS specifications and metamodels to enhance a core service, in service oriented systems, to be context-aware. This enhancement is fulfilled by the Aspect Adaptations Weaver (A2W) which, based on the Aspect Paradigm (AP) concepts, considers the services adaptations as aspects.
Completeness and Weak Completeness Under Polynomial-Size Circuits

This paper investigates the distribution and nonuniform complexity of problems that are complete or weakly complete for ESPACE under nonuniform many-one reductions that are computed by polynomial-size circuits (P/Poly-many-one reductions). Every weakly P/Poly-many-one-complete problem is shown to have a dense, exponential, nonuniform complexity core. An exponential lower bound on the space-bounded Kolmogorov complexities of weakly P/Poly-Turing-complete problems is established. More importantly, the P/Poly-many-one-complete problems are shown to be unusually simple elements of ESPACE, in the sense that they obey nontrivial upper bounds on nonuniform complexity (size of nonuniform complexity cores and space-bounded Kolmogorov complexity) that are violated by almost every element of ESPACE. More generally, a Small Span Theorem for P/Poly-many-one reducibility in ESPACE is proven and used to show that every P/Poly-many-one degree -including the complete degree — has measure 0 in ESPACE. (In contrast, almost every element of ESPACE is weakly P-many-one complete.) All upper and lower bounds are shown to be tight.
Polymorphic type inference and assignment

We present a new approach to the polymorphic typing of data accepting in-place modiflcation in ML-like languages. This approach is based on restrictions over type generalization, and a reflned typing of functions. The type system given here leads to a better integration of imperative programming style with the purely applicative kernel of ML. In particular, generic functions that allocate mutable data can safely be given fully polymorphic types. We show the soundness of this type system, and give a type reconstruction algorithm.
Inter-Tier Interference Suppression in Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks

Incorporating cloud computing into heterogeneous networks, the heterogeneous cloud radio access network (H-CRAN) has been proposed as a promising paradigm to enhance both spectral and energy efficiencies. Developing interference suppression strategies is critical for suppressing the inter-tier interference between remote radio heads (RRHs) and a macro base station (MBS) in H-CRANs. In this paper, inter-tier interference suppression techniques are considered in the contexts of collaborative processing and cooperative radio resource allocation (CRRA). In particular, interference collaboration (IC) and beamforming (BF) are proposed to suppress the inter-tier interference, and their corresponding performance is evaluated. Closed-form expressions for the overall outage probabilities, system capacities, and average bit error rates under these two schemes are derived. Furthermore, IC- and BF-based CRRA optimization models are presented to maximize the RRH-accessed users' sum rates via power allocation, which is solved with convex optimization. Simulation results demonstrate that the derived expressions for these performance metrics for IC and BF are accurate, and the relative performance between IC and BF schemes depends on system parameters such as the number of antennas at the MBS, the number of RRHs, and the target signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio threshold. Furthermore, it is seen that the sum rates of IC and BF schemes increase almost linearly with the transmit power threshold under the proposed CRRA optimization solution.
Distributed and Adaptive Routing Based on Game Theory

In this paper, we present a new adaptive multiflow routing algorithm to select end-to-end paths in packetswitched networks. This algorithm provides provable optimality guarantees in the following game theoretic sense: The network configuration converges to a configuration arbitrarily close to a pure Nash equilibrium. In this context, a Nash equilibrium is a configuration in which no flow can improve its end-to-end delay by changing its network path. This algorithm has several robustness properties making it suitable for real-life usage: it is robust to measurement errors, outdated information, and clocks desynchronization. Furthermore, it is only based on local information and only takes local decisions, making it suitable for a distributed implementation. Our SDN-based proof-of-concept is built as an Openflow controller. We set up an emulation platform based on Mininet to test the behavior of our proof-ofconcept implementation in several scenarios. Although real-world conditions do not conform exactly to the theoretical model, all experiments exhibit satisfying behavior, in accordance with the theoretical predictions.
Atonal homolog 1 Is a Tumor Suppressor Gene

Colon cancer accounts for more than 10% of all cancer deaths annually. Our genetic evidence from Drosophila and previous in vitro studies of mammalian Atonal homolog 1 (Atoh1, also called Math1 or Hath1) suggest an anti-oncogenic function for the Atonal group of proneural basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. We asked whether mouse Atoh1 and human ATOH1 act as tumor suppressor genes in vivo. Genetic knockouts in mouse and molecular analyses in the mouse and in human cancer cell lines support a tumor suppressor function for ATOH1. ATOH1 antagonizes tumor formation and growth by regulating proliferation and apoptosis, likely via activation of the Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway. Furthermore, colorectal cancer and Merkel cell carcinoma patients show genetic and epigenetic ATOH1 loss-of-function mutations. Our data indicate that ATOH1 may be an early target for oncogenic mutations in tissues where it instructs cellular differentiation.
Deuteronomy: Transaction Support for Cloud Data

The Deuteronomy system supports efficient and scalable ACID transactions in the cloud by decomposing functions of a database storage engine kernel into: (a) a transactional component (TC) that manages transactions and their “logical” concurrency control and undo/redo recovery, but knows nothing about physical data location and (b) a data component (DC) that maintains a data cache and uses access methods to support a record-oriented interface with atomic operations, but knows nothing about transactions. The Deuteronomy TC can be applied to data anywhere (in the cloud, local, etc.) with a variety of deployments for both the TC and DC. In this paper, we describe the architecture of our TC, and the considerations that led to it. Preliminary experiments using an adapted TPC-W workload show good performance supporting ACID transactions for a wide range of DC latencies.
Chinese WordNet Domains: Bootstrapping Chinese WordNet with Semantic Domain Labels

We bootstrapped Chinese WordNet with semantic domain labels of WordNet Domains for constructing a language resource called Chinese WordNet Domains. The bootstrapping methods work from three aspects: 1) Princeton WordNet alignment, 2) lexical semantic relations and 3) domain taxonomy mapping. Experimental results of our proposed bootstrapping based domain predication achieve satisfying effects. We believe the resulting Chinese WordNet Domains will be the first oriental language resource, which can be used to interoperate with the existing WordNet Domains of several languages and benefits for cross-language and domain-specific researches and applications. In addition, we also plan to release resulting Chinese WordNet Domains to the community for research purposes.
A Systematic Review of Oxidative Stress and Safety of Antioxidants in Diabetes: Focus on Islets and Their Defense

A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays an important role in diabetic complications, especially β-cell dysfunction and failure. Under physiological conditions, reactive oxygen species serve as second messengers that facilitate signal transduction and gene expression in pancreatic β-cells. However, under pathological conditions, an imbalance in redox homeostasis leads to aberrant tissue damage and β-cell death due to a lack of antioxidant defense systems. Taking into account the vulnerability of islets to oxidative damage, induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes or exogenous antioxidant administration has been proposed as a way to protect β-cells against diabetic insults. Here, we consider recent insights into how the redox response becomes deregulated under diabetic conditions, as well as the therapeutic benefits of antioxidants, which may provide clues for developing strategies aimed at the treatment or prevention of diabetes associated with β-cell failure.
Family influences on family size preferences

Several studies have demonstrated important effects of parents’ childbearing behavior on their children’s childbearing preferences and behavior. The study described here advances our understanding of these family influences by expanding the theoretical model to include parental preferences, siblings’ behavior, and changes in children’s preferences through early adulthood. Using intergenerational panel data from mothers and their children, we test the effects of both mothers’ preferences for their own fertility and mothers’ preferences for their children’s fertility. Although both types of maternal preferences influence children’s childbearing preferences, mothers’ preferences for their children’s behavior have the stronger and more proximate effects. Mothers’ preferences continue to influence their children’s preferences through early adulthood; siblings’ fertility is an additional determinant of children’s family size preferences.