Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Prediction of Behavioral Intention on Pap Screening Test in College Women: A Path Model

Purpose: This study was conducted to predict the effects of behavioral intention on pap screening tests in unmarried college women using a path model. Methods: The study subjects were 216 university students and data were collected through self-report questionnaires including knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intentions to take the Pap test, and health responsibility. Results: Knowledge regarding the Pap test was moderate. The factors of knowledge, attitude, and perceived behavioral control negatively influenced the behavioral intention of the Pap test. However, the factors of subjective norms and health responsibility positively influenced behavioral intention. Conclusion: Subjective norms are the most importance factor to increase the intentions of the Pap test among unmarried college women. It is also necessary to eliminate barriers to undergoing pap testing, as well as to provide nursing intervention to obtain correct knowledge and a positive attitude regarding the Pap screening test.
Cloud challenges for networked embedded systems: A review

Networked embedded systems have been increasingly deployed in key application areas such as healthcare, home automation, industrial machines, large scale military and environmental monitoring. This has enabled the cyber-physical systems paradigm through wireless sensor networks (WSN) which collect, store, process and transmit information about a focused physical process or system to evolve. One of the key challenges with this approach is handling in an efficient manner the large quantities of data that are being generated in real-time, and extracting the high-level information pieces that are to be presented to the stakeholders and end users. Both the data storage and communication infrastructure also raise security issues at both the decentralized, node-level, and at the central levels. To this extent, cloud-based services and frameworks offer a promising alternative to storing, analyzing and securing sensor data. The paper surveys the main developments in cloud services for handling and securing sensor data at a large scale with quality of service constraints in order to deliver the intended data to the end users.
The Scaling Limit of the Correlation of Holes on the Triangular Lattice With Periodic Boundary Conditions

The author of this title defines the correlation of holes on the triangular lattice under periodic boundary conditions and studies its asymptotics as the distances between the holes grow to infinity. He proves that the joint correlation of an arbitrary collection of triangular holes of even side-lengths (in lattice spacing units) satisfies, for large separations between the holes, a Coulomb law and a superposition principle that perfectly parallel the laws of two dimensional electrostatics, with physical charges corresponding to holes, and their magnitude to the difference between the number of right-pointing and left-pointing unit triangles in each hole. The author details this parallel by indicating that, as a consequence of the results, the relative probabilities of finding a fixed collection of holes at given mutual distances (when sampling uniformly at random over all unit rhombus tilings of the complement of the holes) approach, for large separations between the holes, the relative probabilities of finding the corresponding two dimensional physical system of charges at given mutual distances. Physical temperature corresponds to a parameter refining the background triangular lattice. He also gives an equivalent phrasing of the results in terms of covering surfaces of given holonomy. From this perspective, two dimensional electrostatic potential energy arises by averaging over all possible discrete geometries of the covering surfaces.
Methodological Issues in Measuring Alcohol Use

Various methodological issues influence the measurement of alcohol consumption in surveys. One factor is the reference period for which questions are asked—that is, whether respondents are asked for an exact recall of their intake during a short, recent period or for a summary of their drinking behavior over a longer period, such as the past year. Longer recall periods provide sufficient time to link consumption data with concurrently collected data on the prevalence of alcohol-related outcomes. Another factor influencing survey results is the approach used to measure alcohol consumption. Two commonly used measures are the usual quantity/frequency (QF) and graduated frequency (GF) approaches, both of which allow researchers to estimate the volume of alcohol intake. Other issues that researchers conducting surveys should consider include the use of beverage-specific versus overall questions, open-ended versus categorical responses, and measurement of standard versus actual drink sizes. Finally, features of the overall survey design—such as the mode of interview (i.e., in person versus by telephone), the use of computerized survey instruments, and measures to ensure confidentiality—influence the reliability and validity of the data.
Determination of the age distribution of primary and secondary aerosol species using a chemical transport model

[1] A computationally efficient scheme to allow tracking of aerosol species age as a function of space and time within a three-dimensional chemical transport model (CTM) has been developed. The aerosol age distribution is calculated by utilizing the Particulate Matter Source Apportionment Technology (PSAT) algorithm which allows the calculation of different source contributions to both primary and secondary particulate matter concentrations in the modeling domain. As an example, the aerosol age in the eastern United States, including both primary and secondary species, is examined using the regional CTM PMCAMx. The average calculated ages are on the order of a few days for particulate matter near the ground but are highly variable in space and time. Primary aerosol species had average ages of approximately 24 h over this polluted continental region while the average ages for secondary species were 48–72 h near the surface. As expected, the average age of all aerosol components increases vertically in the atmosphere. Age increases rapidly away from the sources of aerosol and its precursors, and for nonvolatile species it increases with particle size.
Design of mid-IR and THz quantum cascade laser cavities with complete TM photonic bandgap

The use of a connected honeycomb lattice for creating 2D photonic crystal QC laser structures is presented in this study. Full three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations are used to analyze the properties of the honeycomb lattice in the two cases of realistic mid-IR and THz QC laser structures. A surface plasmon QC laser structure and a metal-metal waveguide geometry are considered in the mid-IR and the THz range, respectively.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Collaborative Requirements Engineering Modeling Notation for Planning Globally Distributed Projects

In many software projects, stakeholders are distributed across different time zones, organizations, and geographical locations. This creates challenges for conducting people-intensive activities such as requirements elicitation, analysis, and prioritization. To address these problems we previously introduced a visual modeling notation to help project managers plan the collaboration infrastructures needed to support requirements-related activities in globally distributed projects. In this paper we present a refined version of the notation and report on an observational study we conducted in which project managers used our notation to plan globally distributed projects. Results show that the modeling activity and the resulting diagrams helped the project managers to better understand the communication needs for the project, to identify potential communication and collaboration problems, and to proactively address the infrastructure and communication needs for the project. Requirements, global projects, visual notation
Multi-Agent Data Mining Framework ( MADM )

There is a vast amount of data available that is owned and maintained by different organizations, distributed all around the world. These data resources are rich and recent; however, information gathering and knowledge discovery from them, in a particular knowledge domain, confronts major difficulties. The objective of this research is to introduce a Multi-Agent Data Mining framework (MADM) to support building of distributed data mining architecture and explores the capabilities of software agents’ paradigm and will show by experiment that, it is suited for distributed data mining compared to traditional approaches like central data mining.
Effect of deposition temperature of amorphous carbon thin films

The work presented here shows the effect of deposition temperature on amorphous carbon (a-C) thin films. The a-C thin film were deposited on glass substrate by pyrolysing camphor oil at various temperature using the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) technique. The films were prepared at various deposition temperature ranging from 350°C to 500°C. The electrical, optical and structural properties were characterized by current-voltage (I–V) Measurement, UV-VIS-NIR Spectrophotometer and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) respectively. As the deposition temperature increase, the conductivity increased but the optical band gap decrease from 1.5eV to 0.5eV due to the formation of more sp2 bonded carbon configuration.
Effects of Methionine Supplementation on the Expression of Protein Deposition-Related Genes in Acute Heat Stress-Exposed Broilers

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat stress and methionine supplementation on the gene expression of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), growth hormone receptor (GHR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and regulatory 1 (PI3KR1) in the liver, as well as the expression of the atrogin 1 and cathepsin L2 (CTSL2) genes in the breast muscle of broilers. Broilers from 1–21 and 22–42 days of age were divided into three treatments related to methionine supplementation as follows: without methionine supplementation (MD), recommended level of methionine (DL1), and excess supplementation of methionine (DL2). The animals were either maintained at a thermal comfort temperature or exposed to heat stress (HS) (38°C for 24 hours, starting on day 20 or day 41 for experiments 1 and 2, respectively). The heat stress increased the body temperature at both ages. Starter period: The HS animals presented increased plasma creatinine content (P<0.0001) and the highest CTSL2 gene expression (P<0.0001). The methionine supplementation increased the IGF-I (P = 0.0144) and GHR (P = 0.0011) gene expression and decreased the CTSL2 (P = 0.0004) and atrogin 1 (P = 0.0012) gene expression. Grower period: Significant effects for the interaction between supplementation and environment were observed for GHR (P = 0.0252) and CTSL2 (P = 0.0011) gene expression. The highest GHR expression was observed in animals that remained in thermal comfort on the DL2 diet, and the lowest expression occurred in the HS animals fed the MD diet. For CTSL2, the HS animals fed the MD diet presented the highest CTSL2 gene expression, and the lowest expression was observed in the animals maintained at thermal comfort on DL1 and DL2 diets. Only methionine supplementation had effect on atrogin-1 gene expression (P<0.0001), with higher methionine content in the diet lower atrogin-1 gene expression was observed. Our results suggest that heat stress induces greater protein degradation and that methionine supplementation could induce protein deposition because methionine increased the expression of genes related to protein synthesis and decreased the expression of genes related to protein breakdown.
Field Mice: Extracting Hand Geometry from Electric Field Measurements

Several members of a family of techniques called Electric Field Sensing are described. Each sensing technique can be understood as a measurement of the value of a different component in an effective circuit diagram that summarizes all possible current pathways involving the body to be sensed and the sensing electrodes. An analytical model of the sensor response is presented, and then a probabilistic framework for inferring geometrical information from field measurements is described. The inference framework is demonstrated for the cases of a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional mouse.
Identification of Specific Ligands for Orphan Olfactory Receptors

Olfactory receptors are the largest group of orphan G protein-coupled receptors with an infinitely small number of agonists identified out of thousands of odorants. The de-orphaning of olfactory receptor (OR) is complicated by its combinatorial odorant coding and thus requires large scale odorant and receptor screening and establishing receptor-specific odorant profiles. Here, we report on the stable reconstitution of OR-specific signaling in HeLa/Olf cells via G protein αolf and adenylyl cyclase type-III to the Ca2+ influx-mediating olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated CNGA2 channel. We demonstrate the central role of Gαolf in odorant-specific signaling out of OR. The employment of the non-typical G protein α15 dramatically altered the odorant specificities of 3 of 7 receptors that had been characterized previously by different groups. We further show for two OR that an odorant may be an agonist or antagonist, depending on the G protein used. HeLa/Olf cells proved suitable for high-throughput screening in fluorescence-imaging plate reader experiments, resulting in the de-orphaning of two new OR for the odorant (-)citronellal from an expression library of 93 receptors. To demonstrate the G protein dependence of its odorant response pattern, we screened the most sensitive (-)citronellal receptor Olfr43 versus 94 odorants simultaneously in the presence of Gα15 or Gαolf. We finally established an EC50-ranking odorant profile for Olfr43 in HeLa/Olf cells. In summary, we conclude that, in heterologous systems, odorants may function as agonists or antagonists, depending on the G protein used. HeLa/Olf cells provide an olfactory model system for functional expression and de-orphaning of OR.
A Macro-Prosodic Indications for a Romanian TtS System Based on the Functional Intonational Model

This paper presents how macro-prosodic indications can be used within our TtS system in order to drive the prosody prediction module (PPM) in generating a target intonational contour for the synthesized utterance. The previous variant of the PPM generates melodic contour descriptions only using the implicit prosodic indications deduced from the text analysis. The explicit indications are edited in the input text window and refer to the group markers applied to a text to which can be assigned a focus attribute with an indication on its strength. It can be also assigned to a group an attribute of tonal prominence (related to the tonal level of the highest peak in the group). We called these indications the macro-prosodic indications. We also defined a microprosodic indication that refers to the pitch accent type attribute at the accentual unit level that is related to F0 contour pattern. The values of this attribute are taken from the Ro-ToBI label set. Both macro and microprosodic indications lead to elicit certain intonational variants at the speech synthesis output and also can improve the Romanian intonation contour understanding.
Appendix A : SparcV 8 Register Window

Despite the advantages and simplicity of stack machines, they are not very often found or supported in commercial computer systems. This paper explains the need for stacks in modern programming languages and describes three dimensions used to categorize the different stack implementations. Furthermore, we will discuss the application and support of stacks and their integration in modern computing architectures such as RISC, CISC and virtual machines. We then outline the most common calling conventions used today and their implications on the code resp. the underlying hardware. The paper is rounded off by a brief introduction in Stack Buffer Overflows and a few
Combining frequent 2-itemsets and statistical features for texture classification in wavelet domain

This paper studies a new method of texture image classification using the combination of frequent 2-itemsets and statistical features based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). DWT is firstly used to decompose images into different scale subbands. Then features differentiating textures for classification are extracted from these subbands. Frequently occurring local structures in images are captured from the approximation regions of one-level DWT decomposition images in the form of frequent 2-itemsets, which contain both structural and statistical information. To reduce redundancy, the paper adopts a diamond-shaped structure as the sliding window to construct transactions. Statistical features of the detail regions are then calculated and combined with frequent 2-itemsets to classify texture images. The experiments are conducted on two texture image sets, and the results show the good performance of this method.
Ability and interest profiles at the end of lower secondary school structure, specification, and associations with educational choices

This paper investigates the role of ability profiles and profiles of vocational interests at the transition from "Realschule" (lower secondary level) into the academic and vocational oriented "Gymnasium" (upper secondary track) school. Based on Guttman's (1954) radex model of cognitive and academic abilities as well as Holland's (1997) circumplex model of vocational interests, we developed statistical models for assessing individual differences in intraindividual profiles. The empirical results underscore the validity of our profile approach. Particularly (1) profiles derived on basis of test scores, grades, and interests were associated with all educational choices under consideration, and (2) decisions for different gymnasia types were systematically and meaningfully associated with individual profile parameters. In addition (3) criterion correlations of interest and ability measures could be explained by individual profile parameters.
A Modular Type-Checking Algorithm for Type Theory with Singleton Types and Proof Irrelevance

We define a logical framework with singleton types and one universe of small types. We give the semantics using a PER model; it is used for constructing a normalisation-by-evaluation algorithm. We prove completeness and soundness of the algorithm; and get as a corollary the injectivity of type constructors. Then we give the definition of a correct and complete type-checking algorithm for terms in normal form. We extend the results to proof-irrelevant propositions.
Attentional bias modification for addictive behaviors: clinical implications

When a person has a goal of drinking alcohol or using another addictive substance, the person appears to be automatically distracted by stimuli related to the goal. Because the attentional bias might propel the person to use the substance, an intervention might help modify it. In this article, we discuss techniques that have been developed to help people overcome their attentional bias for alcohol, smoking-related stimuli, drugs, or unhealthy food. We also discuss how these techniques are being adapted for use on mobile devices. The latter would allow people with an addictive behavior to use the attentional training in privacy and as frequently as needed. The attentional training techniques discussed here appear to have several advantages. They are inexpensive, can be fun to use, and have flexibility in when, where, and how often they are used. The evidence so far also suggests that they are effective.
Obesity-induced lysine acetylation increases cardiac fatty acid oxidation and impairs insulin signalling.

AIMS Lysine acetylation is a novel post-translational pathway that regulates the activities of enzymes involved in both fatty acid and glucose metabolism. We examined whether lysine acetylation controls heart glucose and fatty acid oxidation in high-fat diet (HFD) obese and SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 mice were placed on either a HFD (60% fat) or a low-fat diet (LFD; 4% fat) for 16 or 18 weeks. Cardiac fatty acid oxidation rates were significantly increased in HFD vs. LFD mice (845 ± 76 vs. 551 ± 87 nmol/g dry wt min, P < 0.05). Activities of the fatty acid oxidation enzymes, long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD), and β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD) were increased in hearts from HFD vs. LFD mice, and were associated with LCAD and β-HAD hyperacetylation. Cardiac protein hyperacetylation in HFD-fed mice was associated with a decrease in SIRT3 expression, while expression of the mitochondrial acetylase, general control of amino acid synthesis 5 (GCN5)-like 1 (GCN5L1), did not change. Interestingly, SIRT3 deletion in mice also led to an increase in cardiac fatty acid oxidation compared with wild-type (WT) mice (422 ± 29 vs. 291 ± 17 nmol/g dry wt min, P < 0.05). Cardiac lysine acetylation was increased in SIRT3 KO mice compared with WT mice, including increased acetylation and activity of LCAD and β-HAD. Although the HFD and SIRT3 deletion decreased glucose oxidation, pyruvate dehydrogenase acetylation was unaltered. However, the HFD did increase Akt acetylation, while decreasing its phosphorylation and activity. CONCLUSION We conclude that increased cardiac fatty acid oxidation in response to high-fat feeding is controlled, in part, via the down-regulation of SIRT3 and concomitant increased acetylation of mitochondrial β-oxidation enzymes.
Physiological stress and post-release mortality of white marlin (Kajikia albida) caught in the United States recreational fishery

Understanding the physiological response of White Marlin, a popular sportfish, to catch-and-release fishing will aid management and conservation. White Marlin showed increased stress with angling time, but mortality was inversely related to angling time. Mortality was predicted by increased plasma potassium and may be heightened by air exposure.
Author ' s personal copy Role of trimer – trimer interaction of bacteriorhodopsin studied by optical spectroscopy and high-speed atomic force microscopy

Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) trimers form a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice in the purple membrane of Halobacterium salinarum. However, the physiological significance of forming the lattice has long been elusive. Here, we study this issue by comparing properties of assembled and non-assembled bR trimers using directed mutagenesis, high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM), optical spectroscopy, and a proton pumping assay. First, we show that the bonds formed between W12 and F135 amino acid residues are responsible for trimer–trimer association that leads to lattice assembly; the lattice is completely disrupted in both W12I and F135I mutants. HS-AFM imaging reveals that both crystallized D96N and non-crystallized D96N/W12I mutants undergo a large conformational change (i.e., outward E–F loop displacement) upon light-activation. However, lattice disruption significantly reduces the rate of conformational change under continuous light illumination. Nevertheless, the quantum yield of M-state formation, measured by low-temperature UV–visible spectroscopy, and proton pumping efficiency are unaffected by lattice disruption. From these results, we conclude that trimer–trimer association plays essential roles in providing bound retinal with an appropriate environment to maintain its full photoreactivity and in maintaining the natural photo-reaction pathway. 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.