Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deriving the Young-Ben Jelloul model of near-inertial waves by Whitham averaging

Oceanic near-inertial waves - internal waves with frequencies close to the local Coriolis frequency $f_0$ - are strongly influenced by the presence of mean currents. To study this influence, Young and Ben Jelloul (1997) derived an asymptotic model that describes the slow modulation of the amplitude of these waves about their rapid oscillation at frequency $f_0$. Here we show that this model can be obtained within a variational framework, by (Whitham) averaging the Lagrangian of the hydrostatic-Boussinesq equations over the wave period $2\pi/f_0$. The derivation leads to a variational formulation of the Young-Ben Jelloul model from which its conservation laws can be obtained systematically.
Comparison of Visual Occupancy Detection Approaches for Parking Lots and Dedicated Containerized REST-API Server Application

With the development of new technology, the urban infrastructure, which is necessary to meet the social, economic, and physical needs of the population, is also gradually improving. Therefore, cities face significant urban planning challenges. With the increasing population and number of cars on the road parking space occupancy detection techniques are of great importance for efficient parking space management. Knowing the availability of parking spaces within a city in real-time and informing residents can be of great help in reducing the number of car park councils, reducing traffic congestion in cities, or improving the scalability of car parks and the time needed to find empty parking space. In many car parks, ground sensors are used to determine occupancy status. However, this requires the installation and maintenance of these sensors in every parking space. This can be expensive, especially in car parks with a large number of available spaces. With increasing computing power, new approaches to parking space occupancy detection using computer vision are emerging. However, these approaches are tailored to the site of application. In this work, we propose a comparison of two general approaches: classification and object detection. The reliability, precision, and scalability of these approaches are compared using a REST-API server application implemented in Python. In order to get as close as possible to general use, we use docker, which enables us easier develop and deploy this application independently of the hardware.
Computational quest for Kaos-land

Using bi-parametric sweeping based on symbolic representation we reveal self-similar fractal structures induced by hetero- and homoclinic bifurcations of saddle singularities in the parameter space of two systems with deterministic chaos. We start with the system which displays several homoclinic bifurcations of higher codimension: resonant saddle, orbit-flip and inclination switch that all give rise to the onset of the Lorenz-type attractor in $Z_2$-systems with the homoclinic butterfly. The second system is the classic Lorenz model of 1963, originated in fluid mechanics.
A CASE OF HENOCH SCHONLEIN PURPURA: SUCCESSFUL HEALING USING YOGA PRANA VIDYA (YPV) PROTOCOLS AS COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE

and imaging tests have to be done. HSP usually improves on its own within a month with no lasting ill effects. Bed rest, plenty of fluids and over-the-counter pain relievers usually help. [2] Some studies on incidence of HSP in case of children are available, but scanty information in the literature is available in case of adults. A hospital-based study conducted in western India over a period of 7 years from 2013 to 2019 with a sample of 30 adult patients aged above 18 years found that male to female ratio was 2:1 with a mean age of 28 years. [3] Treatment and outcome analysis of this study showed average duration of Hospitalization was 7 days, with overall duration of illness of 12 days. Steroids were used as the mainstay of treatment and complete recovery of majority of patients was seen within 3 weeks. [3] ABSTRACT Introduction: Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), also known as Immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis, is a rare disease in adults compared with children. Proper diagnosis using the laid down criteria is important for successful treatment of this condition. This paper presents a case of a 25-year-old female who suffered this condition, and was cured using Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) protocols as complementary medicine. Method: This paper uses case study method going through the patient’s medical reports, YPV healer’s interaction details with patient and patient feedback. Results: In this case of 4 months YPV intervention, the patient was getting relief from pain caused by this illness condition. Initially it was difficult to diagnose the patient’s illness condition correctly, but a rheumatologist’s diagnosis and prescription complemented by YPV healing cured this condition of HSP within 4 weeks. The pain and swelling disappeared completely and the red spots diminished. Conclusion: Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) healing has proven as an effective complementary medicine for fast recovery, when the disease is correctly diagnosed and appropriate treatment is given. It has also been proven to cure some of the disease conditions as an effective alternative treatment modality where there was no treatment available in main stream medicine. Further research may be conducted using appropriate sample to gain more knowledge in this field.
Gamma-ray transients and related astrophysical phenomena

The workshop covered the study of the explosive phenomena responsible for the various gamma ray transients. X-ray burster observations and theories were also reviewed with emphasis on their relationship to gamma ray bursts. Recent observational data, particularly from the SMM, HEAO, and VENERA satellites made the workshop especially timely. Major headings include: gamma-ray transients, x-ray bursts, solar transients, and instrumental concepts. Individual items from the workshop were prepared separately for the data base. (GHT)
Secure Vehicular Communication: An Intelligent Physical Layer Approach

—Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) with advanced sensing and computing technologies are expected to support a whole new set of services including pedestrian and vehicular safety, internet access for vehicles, and eventually, driverless cars. Wireless communication is a major driving factor behind ITS, enabling reliable communication between vehicles, infrastructure, pedestrians, and networks, generally referred to as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. However, the broadcast nature of wireless communication renders it prone to jamming, eavesdropping, and spooﬁng attacks which can adversely affect ITS. Keeping in view this issue, we propose the use of an intelligent physical layer security framework for V2X communication, called intelligent V2X security (IV2XS), to provide a reliable and robust solution capable of adapting to different conditions, scenarios and user requirements. Moreover, the factors affecting V2X security are identiﬁed and challenges in realizing a practical IV2XS system are discussed.
The whole process control of project cost based on bim in project implementation phase

In order to improve the reliability for project cost analysis, a kind of decision scheme on project cost at implementation phase of BIM project based on the fuzzy network analysis is proposed. Firstly, by utilizing the quantitative index on evaluation result of BIM model building evaluation, the judgment comparison matrix of hierarchical structure is established, to provide the model basis for decision-making analysis; next, for the indexes with restraint and coupling relationship, the hyper-matrix in un-weighted form is built according to the network structure, and is processed by utilizing the random way, to obtain the hyper-matrix in limiting form; and then, every obtained index weight can be synthesized to get the weight score of alternative scheme, so as to choose the optimal decision scheme. Finally, by carrying out the simulation test for the example, the eﬀectiveness of proposed method in the project cost decision making at the implementation phase of BIM project is veriﬁed.
HPV-16 E7 Interacts with the Endocytic Machinery via the AP2 Adaptor μ2 Subunit

Despite being a very small protein, HPV-E7 has a wide range of functions within the infected cell, many of which can lead to cell transformation. High-risk HPV-E7 deregulates the function of many cellular proteins, perturbing cellular homeostasis. ABSTRACT Human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 plays a major role in HPV-induced malignancy, perturbing cell cycle regulation, and driving cell proliferation. Major targets of cancer-causing HPV E7 proteins are the pRB family of tumor suppressors, which E7 targets for proteasome-mediated degradation and whose interaction is promoted through an acidic patch, downstream of the LXCXE motif in E7, that is subject to phosphorylation by casein kinase II (CKII). In this study we show that HPV-16 E7 targets the AP2-complex, which plays a critical role in cargo recognition in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Intriguingly, HPV-16 E7 contains a specific amino acid sequence for AP2 recognition, and this overlaps the pRb LXCXE recognition sequence but involves completely different amino acid residues. HPV-16 E7 does this by binding to the AP2-μ2 adaptor protein subunit via residues 25-YEQL-28 within the LXCXE motif. Point mutations at Y25 within 22-LYCYE-26 suggest that the interaction of E7 with AP2-μ2 is independent from pRB binding. In cells, this interaction is modulated by acidic residues downstream of LXCXE, with the binding being facilitated by CKII-phosphorylation of the serines at positions 31 and 32. Finally, we also show that association of HPV-16 E7 with the AP2 adaptor complex can contribute to cellular transformation under low-nutrient conditions, which appears to be mediated, in part, through inhibition of AP2-mediated internalization of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This indicates that E7 can modulate endocytic transport pathways, with one such component, EGFR, most likely contributing toward the ability of E7 to induce cell transformation and malignancy. These studies define a new and unexpected role for HPV-16 E7 in targeting clathrin-mediated endocytosis. IMPORTANCE Despite being a very small protein, HPV-E7 has a wide range of functions within the infected cell, many of which can lead to cell transformation. High-risk HPV-E7 deregulates the function of many cellular proteins, perturbing cellular homeostasis. We show that a novel target of HPV-E7 is the clathrin-adaptor protein 2 complex (AP2) μ2 subunit, interacting via residues within E7’s pRB-binding region. Mutational studies show that an AP2 recognition motif is present in the CR2 region and is conserved in >50 HPV types, suggesting a common function for this motif in HPV biology. Mutational analysis suggests that this motif is important for cellular transformation, potentially modulating endocytosis of growth factor receptors such as EGFR, and thus being a novel activity of E7 in modulating clathrin-mediated endocytosis and cargo selection. This study has important implications for the molecular basis of E7 function in modulating protein trafficking at the cell surface.
THE CARNEGIE SUPERNOVA PROJECT: INTRINSIC COLORS OF TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE

We present an updated analysis of the intrinsic colors of Type Ia supernova (SNe Ia) using the latest data release of the Carnegie Supernova Project. We introduce a new light-curve parameter very similar to stretch that is better suited for fast-declining events, and find that these peculiar types can be seen as extensions to the population of “normal” SNe Ia. With a larger number of objects, an updated fit to the Lira relation is presented along with evidence for a dependence on the late-time slope of the B − V light-curves with stretch and color. Using the full wavelength range from u to H band, we place constraints on the reddening law for the sample as a whole and also for individual events/hosts based solely on the observed colors. The photometric data continue to favor low values of RV, though with large variations from event to event, indicating an intrinsic distribution. We confirm the findings of other groups that there appears to be a correlation between the derived reddening law, RV, and the color excess, E(B − V), such that larger E(B − V) tends to favor lower RV. The intrinsic u-band colors show a relatively large scatter that cannot be explained by variations in RV or by the Goobar power-law for circumstellar dust, but rather is correlated with spectroscopic features of the supernova and is therefore likely due to metallicity effects.
Identification of Key Genes during Ca2+-Induced Genetic Transformation in Escherichia coli by Combining Multi-Omics and Gene Knockout Techniques

Using transcriptome and proteome techniques and association analysis, we identified several key genes involved in the formation of Ca2+-mediated E. coli DH5α competent cells. We used Red homologous recombination technology to construct three single-gene deletion strains and found that the transformation efficiencies of yiaW, ygiZ, and osmB deletion strains for different-size plasmids were significantly increased. ABSTRACT The molecular mechanism of the Ca2+-mediated formation of competent cells in Escherichia coli remains unclear. In this study, transcriptome and proteomics techniques were used to screen genes in response to Ca2+ treatment. A total of 333 differentially expressed genes (317 upregulated and 16 downregulated) and 145 differentially expressed proteins (54 upregulated and 91 downregulated) were obtained. These genes and proteins are mainly enriched in cell membrane components, transmembrane transport, and stress response-related functional terms. Fifteen genes with these functions, including yiaW, ygiZ, and osmB, are speculated to play a key role in the cellular response to Ca2+. Three single-gene deletion strains were constructed with the Red homologous recombination method to verify its function in genetic transformation. The transformation efficiencies of yiaW, ygiZ, and osmB deletion strains for different-size plasmids were significantly increased. None of the three gene deletion strains changed in size, which is one of the main elements of microscopic morphology, but they exhibited different membrane permeabilities and transformation efficiencies. This study demonstrates that Ca2+-mediated competence formation in E. coli is not a simple physicochemical process and may involve the regulation of genes in response to Ca2+. This study lays the foundation for further in-depth analyses of the molecular mechanism of Ca2+-mediated transformation. IMPORTANCE Using transcriptome and proteome techniques and association analysis, we identified several key genes involved in the formation of Ca2+-mediated E. coli DH5α competent cells. We used Red homologous recombination technology to construct three single-gene deletion strains and found that the transformation efficiencies of yiaW, ygiZ, and osmB deletion strains for different-size plasmids were significantly increased. These results proved that the genetic transformation process is not only a physicochemical process but also a reaction process involving multiple genes. These results suggest ways to improve the horizontal gene transfer mechanism of foodborne microorganisms and provide new ideas for ensuring the safety of food preservation and processing.
Martes martes (Carnivora: Mustelidae)

Abstract: Martes martes (Linnaeus, 1758), commonly called the European pine marten, is a small predator widespread in western Eurasia. In almost all its geographic distribution, it is autochthonous. It is as a secondary consumer but, a predator with omnivorous traits. Martes martes inhabits forests with varied tree compositions, but in recent decades, it has spread to forest-steppe and agricultural areas. It is hunted in some areas, mainly in winter. In some countries during the 20th century, it experienced significant declines in numbers, but at present, it is “Least Concern” (LC) on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature's Red List of Threatened Species.
Reader Response: Association of Central Hypersomnia and Fatigue in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Polysomnographic Study

The study by Dubessy et al.1 is valuable for its instrumental analysis of sleep, despite the small and cross-sectional design, because it shows a large overlap between sleepiness and fatigue and discloses a subgroup with central-like hypersomnia. We studied 86 patients with MS by polysomnography (PSG) and the maintenance of a wakefulness test (MWT). Dubessy et al. did not identify a consistent group of patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and without fatigue. Similarly, only 13% of our sample showed EDS without fatigue. In our sample, fatigue overlapped greater with depression than with EDS. Dubessy et al. excluded depressed patients, exposing their study to a selection bias.
The lower algebraic K-theory of the braid groups of the sphere

We study K-theoretical aspects of the braid groups B_n(S^2) on n strings of the 2-sphere. We first calculate the Whitehead and K_{-1}-groups of the group rings of many of the finite subgroups (dicyclic and binary polyhedral) of B_n(S^2). Some new phenomena occur, such as the appearance of torsion for the K_{-1}-groups. In the case n=4, we show that B_4(S^2) is an amalgamated product of two finite groups, from which we are able to determine a universal space on which the family of virtually cyclic subgroups of B_4(S^2) acts suitably. We also calculate the algebraic K-theory of the infinite virtually cyclic subgroups of B_4(S^2), including the Nil groups of the quaternion group of order 8. This enables us to determine completely the Whitehead group and the lower algebraic K-theory of Z[B_4(S^2)].
Spectra of the subdivision-vertex and subdivision-edge coronae

The subdivision graph $\mathcal{S}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the graph obtained by inserting a new vertex into every edge of $G$. Let $G_1$ and $G_2$ be two vertex disjoint graphs. The \emph{subdivision-vertex corona} of $G_1$ and $G_2$, denoted by $G_1\odot G_2$, is the graph obtained from $\mathcal{S}(G_1)$ and $|V(G_1)|$ copies of $G_2$, all vertex-disjoint, by joining the $i$th vertex of $V(G_1)$ to every vertex in the $i$th copy of $G_2$. The \emph{subdivision-edge corona} of $G_1$ and $G_2$, denoted by $G_1\circleddash G_2$, is the graph obtained from $\mathcal{S}(G_1)$ and $|I(G_1)|$ copies of $G_2$, all vertex-disjoint, by joining the $i$th vertex of $I(G_1)$ to every vertex in the $i$th copy of $G_2$, where $I(G_1)$ is the set of inserted vertices of $\mathcal{S}(G_1)$. In this paper we determine the adjacency spectra, the Laplacian spectra and the signless Laplacian spectra of $G_1\odot G_2$ (respectively, $G_1\circleddash G_2$) in terms of the corresponding spectra of $G_1$ and $G_2$. As applications, the results on the spectra of $G_1\odot G_2$ (respectively, $G_1\circleddash G_2$) enable us to construct infinitely many pairs of cospectral graphs. The adjacency spectra of $G_1\odot G_2$ (respectively, $G_1\circleddash G_2$) help us to construct many infinite families of integral graphs. By using the Laplacian spectra, we also obtain the number of spanning trees and Kirchhoff index of $G_1\odot G_2$ and $G_1\circleddash G_2$, respectively.
A LEKID-based CMB instrument design for large-scale observations in Greenland

We present the results of a feasibility study, which examined deployment of a ground-based millimeter-wave polarimeter, tailored for observing the cosmic microwave background (CMB), to Isi Station in Greenland. The instrument for this study is based on lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) and an F/2.4 catoptric, crossed-Dragone telescope with a 500 mm aperture. The telescope is mounted inside the receiver and cooled to < 4 K by a closed-cycle 4He refrigerator to reduce background loading on the detectors. Linearly polarized signals from the sky are modulated with a metal-mesh half-wave plate that is rotated at the aperture stop of the telescope with a hollow-shaft motor based on a superconducting magnetic bearing. The modular detector array design includes at least 2300 LEKIDs, and it can be configured for spectral bands centered on 150 GHz or greater. Our study considered configurations for observing in spectral bands centered on 150, 210 and 267 GHz. The entire polarimeter is mounted on a commercial precision rotary air bearing, which allows fast azimuth scan speeds with negligible vibration and mechanical wear over time. A slip ring provides power to the instrument, enabling circular scans (360 degrees of continuous rotation). This mount, when combined with sky rotation and the latitude of the observation site, produces a hypotrochoid scan pattern, which yields excellent cross-linking and enables 34% of the sky to be observed using a range of constant elevation scans. This scan pattern and sky coverage combined with the beam size (15 arcmin at 150 GHz) makes the instrument sensitive to 5 < ` < 1000 in the angular power spectra.
PDE's based regularization of multivalued images and applications

Nous nous interessons aux approches par EDP pour la regularisation d'images multivaluees, et leurs applications a une large classe de problemes d'interets. L'etude et la comparaison des methodes existantes nous permet a la fois de proposer un cadre mathematique commun mieux adapte aux interpretations geometriques locales de ces EDP, mais aussi de concevoir des schemas numeriques efficaces pour leur mise en oeuvre. Nous developpons de cette fa\c{c}on une nouvelle approche de regularisation multivaluee verifiant certaines proprietes geometriques locales importantes, qui peut etre utilisee dans de nombreuses applications differentes. Nous abordons ensuite le probleme lie a la regularisation de donnees multivaluees contraintes. Un formalisme variationel est propose afin de traiter dans un cadre unifie, des donnees de direction comme les champs de vecteurs unitaires, de matrices de rotation, de tenseurs de diffusion etc. Les solutions apportees sont analysees et utilisees avec succes pour resoudre de nombreux problemes, notamment la regularisation et l'interpolation d'images couleurs, la visualisation de flots, la regularisation de mouvements rigides estimes a partir de sequences videos, et l'aide a la reconstruction de reseaux coherents de fibres dans la matiere blanche du cerveau, \`a partir de la regularisation d'images d'IRM de diffusion.
Wiedemann-Franz-type relation between shot noise and thermal conduction of Majorana surface states in a three-dimensional topological superconductor

We compare the thermal conductance ${G}_{\mathrm{thermal}}$ (at temperature $T)$ and the electrical shot-noise power ${P}_{\mathrm{shot}}$ (at bias voltage $V\ensuremath{\gg}{k}_{\mathrm{B}}T/e)$ of Majorana fermions on the two-dimensional surface of a three-dimensional topological superconductor. We present analytical and numerical calculations to demonstrate that, for a local coupling between the superconductor and metal contacts, ${G}_{\mathrm{thermal}}/{P}_{\mathrm{shot}}=\mathcal{L}T/eV$ (with $\mathcal{L}$ the Lorenz number). This relation is ensured by the combination of electron-hole and time-reversal symmetries, irrespective of the microscopics of the surface Hamiltonian, and provides for a purely electrical way to detect the charge-neutral Majorana surface states. A surface of aspect ratio $W/L\ensuremath{\gg}1$ has the universal shot-noise power ${P}_{\mathrm{shot}}=(W/L)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}({e}^{2}/h)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}(eV/2\ensuremath{\pi})$.