Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast inner-loop control of air-breathing hypersonic vehicles

This paper investigates the inner-loop attitude and velocity control problem for air-breathing hypersonic vehicles subject to practically constrained actuators. Traditional nonlinear dynamic inverse (NDI) is enhanced by an intelligent control allocation (ICA) to realise the low-complexity attitude decoupling. The ICA addresses various characteristics of aerodynamic control surfaces while providing an efficient detecting mechanism for allocation errors. Within the ICA-NDI frame, a finite-time disturbance observer-based terminal sliding mode (FTDO-based TSM) attitude controller regulates Euler angles in the fast manner. This attitude controller employs an improved integral sliding surface containing necessary information from both ICA detection and FTDO estimation, which, therefore, is capable of accommodating constrained control surfaces and rejecting mismatched disturbances. Meanwhile, an adaptive governor adjusts the velocity reference according to the current saturation level of the scramjet fuel-to-air equivalency ratio. The governor is further integrated to a baseline adaptive velocity controller to synthetically handle scramjet input saturations and uncertain factors.
The Askey-scheme of hypergeometric orthogonal polynomials and its q-analogue Report Fac

A system for automatically reading symbols, preferably figures, which are hand-written on an information carrier in an arrangement of squares provided on the information carrier. The images of these symbols are converted by an image convertor of glass fiber bundles to fit a camera tube screen where they are scanned vertically, quantized, and encoded to determine the size and numerical locations of intersections of the scanning beam with the lines in each symbol in each rectangle. This information is then processed by being stored and first roughly classified according to the maximum number of these intersections per symbol, each of which classes are then more specifically classified by being further processed as to the location of the mergings of the intersections, if any, in the upper, lower, right, and/or left part of the symbols, as well as determining the shape, length and/or width of the lines in certain of the symbols for their specific recognition, or identification. This recognized information then may be used for punching a code into the information carrier. If desired, the processor of this information can be located remote from the viewer and punching apparatus.
Dark matter annihilation and non-thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect: II Dwarf spheroidal galaxy

National Science Foundation of China [10773011, 10525314, 10533010]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KJCX3-SYW-N2]; Ministry of Science and Technology National Basic Science Program [2007CB815401, 2010CB833000]; National Basic Research Program of China [2009
Residuals in the growth curve model with applications to the analysis of longitudinal data

Statistical models often rely on several assumptions including distributional assumptions on outcome variables and relational assumptions where we model the relationship between outcomes and independent variables. Further assumptions are also made depending on the complexity of the data and the model being used. Model diagnostics is, therefore, a crucial component of any model fitting problem. Residuals play important roles in model diagnostics. Residuals are not only used to check adequacy of model fit, but they also are excellent tools to validate model assumptions as well as identify outliers and influential observations. Residuals in univariate models are studied extensively and are routinely used for model diagnostics. In multivariate models residuals are not commonly used to assess model fit, although a few approaches have been proposed to check multivariate normality. However, in the analysis of longitudinal data, the resulting residuals are correlated and are not normally distributed. It is, therefore, not clear as to how ordinary residuals can be used for model diagnostics. Under sufficiently large sample size, a transformation of ordinary residuals are proposed to check the normality assumption. The transformation is based solely on removing correlation among the residuals. However, we show that these transformed residuals fail in the presence of model mis-specification. In this thesis, we investigate residuals in the analysis of longitudinal data. We consider ordinary residuals, Fitzmaurice’s transformed (uncorrelated) residuals as well as von Rosen’s decomposed residuals. Using simulation studies, we show how the residuals behave under multivariate normality and when this assumption is violated. We also investigate their properties under correct fitting as well as wrongly fitted models. Finally, we propose new residuals by transforming von iv Rosen’s decomposed residuals. We show that these residuals perform better than Fitzmourice’s transformed residuals in the presence of model mis-specification. We illustrate our approach using two real data sets.
Correspondance de Howe pour les groupes réductifs sur les corps finis

Soit (G, G') une paire de sous-groupes d'un groupe symplectique Sp2n(1Fq ) (où lFq est un corps fini de caractéristique p impaire) dont chacun est le centralisateur de l'autre dans Sp 2n (1Fq ) . Suivant R. Howe (voir [H1] et [H2]), il y a une correspondance entre représentations de G et de G' donnée par la représentation de Weil w du groupe symplectique Sp 2n(q) := Sp2n(Fq) . Plus précisément, si (G,,,, G,n,) est une paire réductive duale irréductible dans Sp2n(q), i . e . , l'une des paires (Sp 2 (q), m 02 ,(q)) (avec n = 2mm'), (Sp2 (q), m 02m'+1(q)) (avec n = m(2m' + 1)), (Um(q), Um' (q) ), (GLm(q), GLm' (q)) (avec n = mm'), la restriction de w à Gm. G1,, définit une application entre groupes de Grothendieck de représentations complexes ~(G m) -~ PP(Gm,) que nous appellerons correspondance de Howe . Le but de notre article est de décrire cette correspondance. Nous obtenons une formule explicite pour les paires linéaires et unitaires et présentons une formule conjecturale pour les paires symplectiques-orthogonales . Nous partons d'un résultat de Bhama Srinivasan [Sr, 4 . 3] décrivant la projection sur l'espace des fonctions uniformes (i.e., combinaisons linéaires de caractères de Deligne-Lusztig) de la restriction à G m.G,;,, d'une représentation apparentée wb qui a été définie par Gérardin (cf. [G, théorème 2 .4 (c)] ) . Pour les paires symplectiques-orthogonales, les représentations w et S ont même restriction à Gm.G;,, ; dans les cas linéaires et unitaires, ces restrictions diffèrent par la multiplication par une représentation de G m à valeur dans {-1,1} . L'étude de la correspondance de Howe peut donc être remplacés par celle de l'application linéaire 0 entre groupes de Grothendieck (G m) (Gm, ) induite par c& . Le groupe Gm étant dans tous les cas considérés l'ensemble des points rationnels d'un groupe algébrique réductif G sur une clôture algébrique lF q de 1Fq , défini sur 1Fq , si F est l'endomorphisme de Frobenius correspondant, on a G m = GF. Srinivasan n'ayant considéré que les paires (Sp2 (q), m S02,(q)) (au lieu de toutes les paires symplectiques-orthogonales), nous supposerons les groupes orthogonaux pairs dans la suite, sauf mention contraire . Cependant nous pourrons traiter le cas de 02m ' (et pas seulement SO2m') en étendant certains résultats aux groupes non connexes . Soit G un groupe algébrique connexe, et soit G* un groupe dual de G (i.e ., dont le système de racines est dual du système de racines de G) et F* une isogénie de G* duale de F . Lusztig a défini une partition de l'ensemble des représentations irréductibles de G F en séries g(GF, ( s)) para-
Assessing the psychological impact of Beirut Port blast: A cross-sectional study

Beirut Port blast’s magnitude is considered the third after Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings. This blast occurred in the densely populated section of Beirut, leaving more than six thousand injured patients. The psychological disturbances were assessed in the blast survivors who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC). This was a cross-sectional study at the ED of AUBMC. Identified patients were contacted and consented to participate in the study. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was selected as an outcome. Depression, PTSD, and concussion were assessed using patient health questionnaire (PHQ)-9, PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL5), and brain injury symptoms (BISx) tools, respectively. The association of patients and injury characteristics with the study outcome was assessed using logistic regression. 145 participants completed the study procedures. The participants’ average age was 39.8 ± 15.4 years, and 60% were males. Almost half of the participants showed depression on PHQ, and 2-thirds had PTSD. The participant’s age was negatively associated with PTSD, whereas being a female, having depression, and having a concussion were positively associated with PTSD. The results of this study were in line with the previous literature report except for the association between younger age and PTSD, which warrants further investigations to delineate the reasons.
Exploring the Relationships between Structure and Antimicrobial Potency of Quinolinequinones

Microorganisms are responsible for hospital infections, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is one of them. In looking for the most effective lead structures to cope with the rise of antimicrobial (antibiotic) resistance, we evaluated the antimicrobial profile of quinolinequinones for potential antimicrobial applications. 1,4-quinone molecules fused with heteroatom have been studied extensively for many years as a source of drugs and lead structures. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of quinolinequinones against bacterial and fungal strains, and to probe for potential lead structures. For this reason, the activity of these compounds against three different strains of Candida fungi (C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis) and Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria were investigated, searching for potential lead compounds. Five of nine quinolinequinones showed activity mainly against the Gram-positive strains with a minimal inhibitory concentration within the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) levels. The results revealed that quinolinequinones have significant activity against bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and fungi including Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. QQ1, QQ2, QQ3, QQ5, and QQ6 exhibited the highest growth inhibition against two essential species of the Gram-positive strains (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus). Among these, four molecules (QQ2, QQ3, QQ5, and QQ6) were also active against Enterococcus faecalis, the other member of the Gram-positive strains. The antifungal profile of two quinolinequinones (QQ7 and QQ8) indicated that they were as effective as the reference drug Clotrimazole against Candida albicans. The same molecules also have potential inhibitory antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis. For better understanding, the most active two quinolinequinones (QQ2 and QQ6) were examined for biofilm inhibition and a time-kill kinetic study.
A Coarse-to-Fine Bilevel Adversarial Domain Adaptation Method for Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings

Recently, domain adaptation (DA) has been used to solve the fault diagnosis problem in rolling bearings. However, most of the existing methods only align the distribution of domains and ignore the fine-grained information of the same fault categories in different domains, which leads to the degradation of diagnostic performance. To address such domain difference issues, this article proposes a novel coarse-to-fine bilevel adversarial DA approach (C2FADA) for bearings fault diagnosis. First, a sparse autoencoder (SAE) is used to extract features from raw data (containing both the source and target domains), and a Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence term is then introduced to measure the discrepancy between the features from the source domain and the target domain. Second, a bilevel adversarial module is established to gradually align different domains at the domain level (with a coarse-grained model) and the class level (with a fine-grained approach) to tackle the domain shift issue and enable the classifier to learn the domain invariant representation features. Third, a spectral norm regularization constraint term is introduced to improve the stability of the adversarial training process by mitigating the effect of adversarial perturbations. The results show that the classification performance of the proposed C2FADA method is better than the compared existing peer methods.
Line shapes of the Z(4430)

The Belle Collaboration recently discovered the first manifestly exotic meson: Z{sup +}(4430), which decays into {psi}{sup '}{pi}{sup +} and therefore has quark content ccud. The proximity of its mass to the D{sub 1}D* threshold has motivated the interpretation of the Z{sup +} as a charm meson molecule whose constituents are an S-wave superposition of D{sub 1}{sup +}D*{sup 0} and D*{sup +}D{sub 1}{sup 0}. If this interpretation is correct, the small ratio of the binding energy of the Z{sup +} to the width {gamma}{sub 1} of its constituent D{sub 1} can be exploited to predict properties of its line shapes. Its full width at half maximum in the channel {psi}{sup '}{pi}{sup +} should be approximately {radical}(3){gamma}{sub 1}{approx_equal}35 MeV, which is consistent with the measured width of the Z{sup +}. The Z{sup +} should also decay into D*D*{pi} through decay of its constituent D{sub 1}. The peak in the line shape for D*D*{pi} should be at a higher energy than the peak in the line shape for {psi}{sup '}{pi}{sup +} by about {gamma}{sub 1}/{radical}(12){approx_equal}6 MeV. The line shape in D*D*{pi} should also be broader and asymmetric, with a shoulder on the high energy side that can be attributed to a threshold enhancementmore » in the production of D{sub 1}D*. « less
Implications of CTEQ global analysis for collider observables

The latest CTEQ6.6 parton distributions, obtained by global analysis of hard-scattering data in the framework of general-mass perturbative QCD, are employed to study theoretical predictions and their uncertainties for significant processes at the Fermilab Tevatron and CERN Large Hadron Collider. The previously observed increase in predicted cross sections for the standard-candle W and Z boson production processes in the general-mass scheme (compared to those in the zero-mass scheme) is further investigated and quantified. A novel method to constrain parton distribution function (PDF) uncertainties in LHC observables, by effectively exploiting PDF-induced correlations with benchmark standard model cross sections, is presented. Using this method, we show that the tt cross section can potentially serve as a standard-candle observable for the LHC processes dominated by initial-state gluon scattering. Among other benefits, precise measurements of tt cross sections would reduce PDF uncertainties in predictions for single top-quark and Higgs boson production in the standard model and minimal supersymmetric standard model.
DISCOVERY OF A YOUNG PLANETARY MASS COMPANION TO THE NEARBY M DWARF VHS J125601.92-125723.9

In a search for common proper motion companions using the VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) and the 2MASS catalogs we have identified a very red ( J − K s = 2.47 ? > mag) late-L dwarf companion of a previously unrecognized M dwarf VHS J125601.92-125723.9 (hereafter VHS 1256-1257), located at a projected angular separation of 8. ″ 06 ± 0. ″ 03. In this work we present a suite of astrometric, photometric, and spectroscopic observations of this new pair in an effort to confirm the companionship and characterize the components. From low-resolution (R ∼ 130–600) optical and near-infrared spectroscopy we classified the primary and the companion as M7.5 ± 0.5 and L7 ± 1.5, respectively. The primary shows slightly weaker alkali lines than field dwarfs of similar spectral type, but still consistent with either a high-gravity dwarf or a younger object of hundreds of millions of years. The secondary shows spectral features characteristic for low surface gravity objects at ages below several hundred million years, like the peaked triangular shape of the H-band continuum and alkali lines weaker than in field dwarfs of the same spectral type. The absence of lithium in the atmosphere of the primary and the likely kinematic membership to the Local Association allowed us to constrain the age of the system to the range of 150–300 Myr. We report a measurement of the trigonometric parallax π = 78.8 ± 6.4 mas, which translates into a distance of 12.7 ± 1.0 pc; the pair thus has a projected physical separation of 102 ± 9 AU. We derived the bolometric luminosities of the components and compared them with theoretical evolutionary models to estimate the masses and effective temperatures. For the primary, we determined a luminosity of log ( L bol / L ⊙ ) = − 3.14 ? > ± 0.10, and inferred a mass of 73 − 15 + 20 ? > MJup at the boundary between stars and brown dwarfs and an effective temperature of 2620 ± 140 K. For the companion we obtained a luminosity of log ( L bol / L ⊙ ) = − 5.05 ± 0.22 ? > and a mass of 11.2 − 1.8 + 9.7 ? > M Jup ? > , placing it near the deuterium-burning mass limit. The effective temperature derived from evolutionary models is 880 − 110 + 140 ? > K, about 400–700 K cooler than the temperature expected for field late-L dwarfs.
Interaction of a weak shock wave with a discontinuous heavy-gas cylinder

The interaction between a cylindrical inhomogeneity and a weak planar shock wave is investigated experimentally and numerically, and special attention is given to the wave patterns and vortex dynamics in this scenario. A soap-film technique is realized to generate a well-controlled discontinuous cylinder (SF6 surrounded by air) with no supports or wires in the shock-tube experiment. The symmetric evolving interfaces and few disturbance waves are observed in a high-speed schlieren photography. Numerical simulations are also carried out for a detailed analysis. The refracted shock wave inside the cylinder is perturbed by the diffracted shock waves and divided into three branches. When these shock branches collide, the shock focusing occurs. A nonlinear model is then proposed to elucidate effects of the wave patterns on the evolution of the cylinder. A distinct vortex pair is gradually developing during the shock-cylinder interaction. The numerical results show that a low pressure region appears at the vortex core. Subsequently, the ambient fluid is entrained into the vortices which are expanding at the same time. Based on the relation between the vortex motion and the circulation, several theoretical models of circulation in the literature are then checked by the experimental and numerical results. Most of these theoretical circulation models provide a reasonably good prediction of the vortex motion in the present configuration.
Quantized Hall conductivity in two-dimensions

It is shown that the quantization of the Hall conductivity of two-dimensional metals which has been observed recently by Klitzing, Dorda, and Pepper and by Tsui and Gossard is a consequence of gauge invariance and the existence of a mobility gap. Edge effects are shown to have no influence on the accuracy of quantization. An estimate of the error based on thermal activation of carriers to the mobility edge is suggested.
Attention based spatio-temporal generative adversarial network for sparse traffic forecasting

Traffic forecasting plays an important role in intelligent traffic system. Forecasting traffic data in the future will provide great convenience in our daily life, such as avoiding congested roads in advance. In recent times, many methods for traffic prediction have been proposed, but most of these methods use complete data sets for prediction, and seldom pay attention to the sparse spatiotemporal data sets. Some recent studies mostly complete the data first before the prediction of sparse data. Therefore, this paper proposes Attention based Spatio-Temporal Generative Adversarial Network (ASTGAN) to solve this problem. ASTGAN uses the attention mechanism to preprocess the sparse data to utilize the temporal dependency to pre-complete the data, and then input the processed data into an mask graph convolutional recurrent network, which further complete the data with its spatial correlations and provide forecasting results. In order to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of the prediction, we also use generative adversarial network. Experiments on real data demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
LBT Discovery of a Yellow Supergiant Eclipsing Binary in the Dwarf Galaxy Holmberg IX

In a variability survey of M81 using the Large Binocular Telescope we have discovered a peculiar eclipsing binary (MV ∼ − 7.1) in the field of the dwarf galaxy Holmberg IX. It has a period of 271 days, and the light curve is well fit by an overcontact model in which both stars are overflowing their Roche lobes. It is composed of two yellow supergiants (V − I≃ 1 mag, Teff≃ 4800 K), rather than the far more common red or blue supergiants. Such systems must be rare. While we failed to find any similar systems in the literature, we did, however, note a second example. The SMC F0 supergiant R47 is a bright (MV ∼ − 7.5) periodic variable whose All Sky Automated Survey (ASAS) light curve is well fit as a contact binary with a 181 day period. We propose that these systems are the progenitors of supernovae like SN 2004et and SN 2006ov, which appeared to have yellow progenitors. The binary interactions (mass transfer, mass loss) limit the size of the supergiant to give it a higher surface temperature than an isolated star at the same core evolutionary stage. We also discuss the possibility of this variable being a long-period Cepheid.
Notions of M\"obius inversion

M\"obius inversion, originally a tool in number theory, was generalized to posets for use in group theory and combinatorics. It was later generalized to categories in two different ways, both of which are useful. We provide a unifying abstract framework. This allows us to compare and contrast the two theories of M\"obius inversion for categories, and advance each of them. Among several side benefits is an improved understanding of the following fact: the Euler characteristic of the classifying space of a (suitably finite) category depends only on its underlying graph.
Homological Domination in Large Random Simplicial Complexes

In this paper we state the homological domination principle for random multi-parameter simplicial complexes, claiming that the Betti number in one specific dimension (which is explicitly determined by the probability multi-parameter) significantly dominates the Betti numbers in all other dimensions. We also state and discuss evidence for two interesting conjectures which would imply a stronger version of the homological domination principle, namely that generically homology of a random simplicial complex coincides with that of a wedges of k-dimensional spheres. These two conjectures imply that under an additional assumption (specified in the paper) a random simplicial complex collapses to a k-dimensional complex homotopy equivalent to a wedge of spheres of dimension k.
Zeta functions for formal weight enumerators and an analogue of the Mallows-Sloane bound

In 1999, Iwan Duursma defined the zeta function for a linear code as a generating function of its Hamming weight enumerator. It has various properties similar to those of the zeta function of an algebraic curve. This article extends Duursma's theory to the case of the formal weight enumerators and shows that there exists a similar structure to that of the weight enumerators of type II codes. The extremal property of the formal weight enumerators is also considered and an analogue of the Mallows-Sloane bound is deduced.