Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ground water contamination and costs of pesticide restrictions in the southeastern coastal plain

The project developed new methodology for estimating: (1) groundwater contamination potential (GWCP) in the Southeast Coastal Plain, and (2) the potential economic impacts of selected policies that restrict pesticide use. The potential for ground water contamination was estimated by use of a simple matrix for combining ratings for both soil leaching potential and pesticide leaching potential. Key soil variables included soil texture, soil acidity and organic matter content. Key pesticide characteristics included Koc, pesticide half-life, the rate of application and the fraction of the pesticide hitting the soil. Comparisons of pesticide use from various farmer and expert opinion surveys were made for pesticide groups and for individual pesticide products. Methodology for merging the GWCP changes and lost benefits from selected herbicide cancellations was developed using corn production in the North Carolina Coastal Plain. Economic evaluations of pesticide cancellations for corn included national and Coastal Plain estimates for atrazine; metolachlor; dicamba; dicamba and atrazine; and dicamba, atrazine and metolachlor.
Dispersion de particules dans une turbulence homogène isotrope stationnaire calculée par simulation numérique directe des grandes échelles

Afin d'etudier le comportement et les caracteristiques du mouvement fluctuant de particules entrainees par la turbulence, la dispersion de nuages de particules (25000-100000) a ete simulee dans un champ de turbulence homogene isotrope stationnaire calcule a l'aide d'une simulation numerique directe des grandes echelles de la turbulence (large eddy simulation). L'equation du mouvement de chaque particule prend en compte la contribution des forces de trainee, de pression et de masse ajoutee. Des calculs de dispersion de particules en l'absence de forces exterieures ont ete realises pour trois rapports de densite particules/fluide (=2000, 2. Et 0. 001). La dispersion des particules les plus denses a egalement ete simulee en appliquant une force de gravite pour etudier l'influence du glissement moyen entre les phases. Enfin, en appliquant une force exterieure variant lineairement dans une direction, la viscosite turbulente d'un nuage de particules denses a ete calculee. Les resultats sont compares avec des expressions analytiques obtenues a partir d'une extension de la theorie de Tchen qui consiste a calculer les caracteristiques du mouvement fluctuant des particules en fonction de la turbulence du fluide vue par les particules. Cette extension, a condition de predire correctement les caracteristiques de la turbulence le long des trajectoires des particules, permet de prendre en compte divers phenomenes, l'effet de la segregation des bulles vers des zones a vitesse du fluide plus faible, l'effet de croisement de trajectoires. D'autre part ces simulations ont permis d'affiner et de valider l'expression des coefficients de transport turbulent de la phase dispersee utilises pour la prediction numerique des ecoulements diphasiques a l'aide d'equations euleriennes dans les deux phases.
Turbulence Climatology at Dallas/Ft.Worth (DFW) Airport: Implications for a Departure Wake Vortex Spacing System

Potential adaptive wake vortex spacing systems may need to rely on wake vortex decay rather than wake vortex transport in reducing wake separations. A wake vortex takeoff-spacing system in particular will need to rely on wake decay. Ambient turbulence is the primary influence on wake decay away from the ground. This study evaluated 18 months of ambient turbulence measurements at Dallas/Ft. Worth (DFW) Airport. The measurements show minor variation in the turbulence levels at various times of the year or times of the day for time periods when a departure system could be used. Arrival system operation was also examined, and a slightly lower overall turbulence level was found as compared to departure system benefit periods. The Sarpkaya model, a validated model of wake vortex behavior, was applied to various turbulence levels and compared to the DFW turbulence statistics. The results show that wake vortices from heavy aircraft on takeoff should dissipate within one minute for the majority of the time and will rarely last two minutes. These results will need to be verified by wake vortex measurements on departure.
Algorithme top-k pour la recherche d’information dans les réseaux sociaux

Nous nous intéressons dans cet article à la recherche d’information dans les réseaux sociaux, en particulier les réseaux de partage de marque-pages Internet (social tagging systems) comme delicious. Nous considérons que les requêtes sont formulées par des membres du réseau, et qu’elles portent sur des ressources partagées et classées selon le principe de la folksonomie, par des mots clés (tags). Etant donné, la taille gigantesque de certains réseaux, il est nécessaire de proposer des solutions efﬁcaces, rapides et qui passent à l’échelle. La solution proposée dans cet article exploite les liens entre les membres du réseau pour déduire le degré de proximité entre l’auteur d’une requête et les autres membres du réseau. Ces poids servent à guider l’al-gorithme de recherche d’information vers les ressources supposées être les plus pertinentes pour l’auteur de la requête. Ceci est fait en ligne et sans calculs préalables. Les tests menés sur des jeux de données réels montrent l’efﬁcacité de notre algorithme.
Approche hiérarchique d’extraction des compétences dans des CVs en format PDF

The aim of this work is to use a hybrid approach to extract CVs' competences. The extraction approach for competences is made of two phases: a segmentation into sections phase within which the terms representing the competences are extracted from a CV; and a prediction phase that consists from the features previously extracted, to foretell a set of competences that would have been deduced and that would not have been necessary to mention in the resume of that expert. The main contributions of the work are two folds : the use of the approach of the hierarchical clustering of a résume in section before extracting the competences; the use of the multi-label learning model based on SVMs so as to foretell among a set of skills, those that we deduce during the reading of a CV. Experimentation carried out on a set of CVs collected from an internet source have shown that, more than 10% improvement in the identification of blocs compared to a model of the start of the art. The multi-label competences model of prediction allows finding the list of competences with a precision and a reminder respectively in an order of 90.5 % and 92.3 %. L’objectif de ce travail est d’utiliser l’approche héirarchique d’extraction des informations dans le CV pour en extraire les compétences. L’approche d’extraction des compétences proposée s’effectue en deux grandes phases : une phase de segmentation du CV en sections classées suivant leurs contenus et à partir desquelles les termes représentant les compétences (compétences de bases) sont extraits; et une phase de prédiction qui consiste à partir des caractéristiques extraites précédemment, à prédire un ensemble de compétences qu’un expert aurait déduites, et que ces compétences ne seraient pas nécessairement mentionnées dans le CV (compétences implicites). Les principales contributions de ce travail sont : l’utilisation de l’approche hiérarchique de segmentation du CV en sections pour extraire les compétences dans le CV; l’amélioration de la l’approche de segmentation des CV; enfin, l’utilisation de l’approche binary relevance de classification multi-label pour prédire les compétences implicites du CV. Les expérimentations effectuées sur un jeu de CVs collectés sur Internet ont montré une amélioration de la précision de l’identification des blocs de plus de 10% comparé à un modèle de l’état de l’art. Aussi, le modèle de prédiction multi-label des compétences, permet de retrouver la liste des compétences avec une précision et un rappel respectivement de l’ordre de 90,5% et 92,3%.
The DSM-5 dissociative-PTSD subtype : Can levels of depression , anxiety , hostility , and sleeping difficulties differentiate between dissociative-PTSD and PTSD in rape victims ?

The DSM-5 currently includes a dissociative-PTSD subtype within its nomenclature. Several studies have confirmed the dissociative-PTSD subtype in both American Veteran and American civilian samples. Studies have begun to assess specific factors which differentiate between dissociative vs. non-dissociative PTSD. The current study takes a novel approach to investigating the presence of a dissociative-PTSD subtype in its use of European victims of sexual assault and rape (N = 351). Utilizing Latent Profile Analyses, we hypothesised that a discrete group of individuals would represent a dissociative-PTSD subtype. We additionally hypothesised that levels of depression, anger, hostility, and sleeping difficulties would differentiate dissociative-PTSD from a similarly severe form of PTSD in the absence of dissociation. Results concluded that there were four discrete groups termed baseline, moderate PTSD, high PTSD, and dissociative-PTSD. The dissociative-PTSD group encompassed 13.1% of the sample and evidenced significantly higher mean scores on measures of depression, anxiety, hostility, and sleeping difficulties. Implications are discussed in relation to both treatment planning and the newly published DSM-5.
Cementation basse pression des aciers developpement d'un capteur de suivi

Bien que la cementation basse pression possede des avantages indeniables par rapport a la cementation gazeuse atmospherique, notamment son absence d'oxydation interne, son developpement est freine par l'absence de moyen de controle. Le capteur que nous avons mis au point permet d'etudier la diffusion du carbone a travers une membrane de fer. La face amont de la membrane est exposee a une atmosphere carburante tandis que sa face aval est balayee par une atmosphere decarburante. L'analyse par un catharometre de la composition du gaz provenant de la face aval nous renseigne sur le flux de carbone qui penetre dans l'acier. Cette technique nous a permis de montrer que tant que le gaz possede un pouvoir carburant suffisant pour saturer la surface, on atteint plus ou moins rapidement un etat stationnaire. Si l'atmosphere est fortement surcarburante, on observe une sursaturation en carbone de la membrane se traduisant par un pic de vitesse superieur a la vitesse obtenue en regime stationnaire. Dans les deux cas, la vitesse de diffusion est l'etape regulatrice. Si l'on baisse le pouvoir carburant de l'atmosphere, on montre que c'est l'apport de carbone qui devient l'etape limitante.
Improving The AMSR-E/Nasa Soil Moisture Data Product Using in-Situ Measurements in the Tibetan Plateau

The AMSR-E (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - EOS) sensor onboard NASA’s Aqua satellite is a passive microwave radiometer and is widely used in land surface Soil Moisture (SM) retrieval. The NASA National Snow and Ice Data Center Distributed Active Archive Center (NSIDC DAAC) archives and distributes a daily SM product (AMSR-E/NASA) from 2002 to 2011 at 25km resolution retrieved by a simplified soil moisture retrieval algorithm derived from a simplified radiative transfer model. However, the SM dynamic range of this product is very narrow, which basically cannot reflect intra- and inter-annual variations. This paper analyzed the AMSR-E/NASA SM product and compared it with the AMSR-E/JAXA SM. Furthermore, the reason of the narrow intra- and inter-annual variation of AMSR-E/NASA SM was analyzed in depth. Finally, the AMSR-E/NASA SM product was improved using in-situ data collected in the Tibetan Plateau. Results indicated that the improved monthly SM AMSR-E product was better than AMSR-E/NASA and AMSR-E/JAXA in Naqu study area from January to September of 2011, as documented by a lower RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) against in-situ SM data, i.e. 0.065 cm3 cm-3.
Multi-approach analysis of maximum riverbed scour depth above subway tunnel

Abstract When subway tunnels are routed underneath rivers, riverbed scour may expose the structure, with potentially severe consequences. Thus, it is important to identify the maximum scour depth to ensure that the designed buried depth is adequate. There are a range of methods that may be applied to this problem, including the fluvial process analysis method, geological structure analysis method, scour formula method, scour model experiment method, and numerical simulation method. However, the application ranges and forecasting precision of these methods vary considerably. In order to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of the different methods, a subway tunnel passing underneath a river was selected, and the aforementioned five methods were used to forecast the maximum scour depth. The fluvial process analysis method was used to characterize the river regime and evolution trend, which were the baseline for examination of the scour depth of the riverbed. The results obtained from the scour model experiment and the numerical simulation methods are reliable; these two methods are suitable for application to tunnel projects passing underneath rivers. The scour formula method was less accurate than the scour model experiment method; it is suitable for application to lower risk projects such as pipelines. The results of the geological structure analysis had low precision; the method is suitable for use as a secondary method to assist other research methods. To forecast the maximum scour depth of the riverbed above the subway tunnel, a combination of methods is suggested, and the appropriate analysis method should be chosen with respect to the local conditions.
Electronic and optical properties of the fully and partially inverse CoFe$_{2}$O$_{4}$ spinel from first principles calculations including many-body effects

Using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and state-of-the-art many-body perturbation theory, we investigate the electronic and optical properties of the inverse spinel CoFe$_{2}$O$_{4}$, a common anode material for photocatalytic water splitting. Starting with different exchange-correlation functionals, at the independent particle level we obtain a direct band gap of 1.38~eV (PBE+$U$) and 1.69 eV (SCAN+$U$), whereas HSE06 renders an indirect band gap of 2.02~eV. Including quasiparticle effects within $G_{0}W_{0}$, a larger and indirect band gap is obtained for all functionals: 1.78~eV (PBE+$U$), 1.95~eV (SCAN+$U$) and 2.17~eV (HSE06), higher than the independent particle (IP) band gap. Excitonic effects, taken into account by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) lead to a redshift of the optical band gap to 1.50 (SCAN+$U$) and 1.61~eV (HSE06), in good agreement with the reported experimental values. The lowest optical transitions in the visible range, identified by means of oscillator strength, are at 2.0, 3.5, and 5.0~eV, consistent with experimental observations. We also explored the effect of the degree of inversion: the band gap is found to decrease from 1.69 ($x=1$) to 1.45 ($x=0.5$), and 1.19~eV ($x=0)$ within the IP approximation with SCAN+$U$. This trend is reversed after the inclusion of excitonic effects, resulting in a band gap of 1.50, 1.57, and 1.64~eV for $x$ = 1.0, 0.5, and 0.0, respectively. The oscillator strength analysis of the BSE calculations indicates that both $x$ = 0.0 and $x$ = 0.5 exhibit transitions below 1~eV with extremely small oscillator strengths that are absent in the inverse spinel. This corroborates previous suggestions that these transitions are due to the presence of Co$^{2+}$ cations at the tetrahedral sites.
Fluage et fluidité d'un empilement granulaire sous contrainte

L'objectif principal de la these a ete d'identifie experimentalement les comportements mecaniques et rheologiques de milieux granulaires dans un environnement a complexite croissante. En particulier, je me suis interesse aux phenomenes de fluage sous contrainte en essayant de mieux comprendre l'impact des vibrations et la presence d'une faible quantite d'eau piegee entre les pores. J'ai monte un systeme cissometrique permettant de realiser des tests mecaniques de fluage. Une originalite de mon montage a ete de mettre au point un systeme de lit fluidise qui, en alliant flux d'air et vibration, m'a permis de fabriquer des empilements a compacite initiale controlee. J'ai etudie les proprietes fondamentales de fluage sous contrainte d'un empilement granulaire de billes de verre de taille d = 200μm sous le seuil de Coulomb. Cette etude a mis en evidence que les seuils de Coulomb varient fortement avec la compacite, mais en plus , on a mis en evidence une contrainte r appelee " contrainte de premiere rupture " qui traduit des reorganisation internes dans l'empilements et qui est d'environ 1/3 de la contrainte seuil maximale. En outre, grâce a la precision de la mesure de deformation, on a obtenu les reponses elastiques a de petits cycles en contrainte et on a etabli que le module cisaillement elastique G augmente lineairement en fonction de la compacite, en accord avec le modele d'elasticite non-lineaire de Hertz (modele de champ moyen). Nous avons realise aussi une etude parametrique complete du fluage en variant systematiquement la compacite et la contrainte de cisaillement. Notre etude sur les seuils de contrainte, l'elasticite effective et la dynamique de fluage, a ete prolongee pour des empilements sous vibration generes par des transducteurs piezo-electriques enfouis sous la surface. Ce montage permet en outre par injection dans le granulaire d'un gaz sature en vapeur d'eau, d'imposer sous un faible gradient thermique une condensation et d'obtenir une quantite controlee d'eau piegee dans l'empilement. Cette methode permettra par la suite d'aborder le cas de granulaires cohesifs.
Pharmacologic treatment of depression in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND Depression is a common problem in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is unclear which pharmacologic treatment is the most effective and the least harmful. OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of pharmacologic treatments for depression in patients with MS. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Multiple Sclerosis Group's Trials Register (June 2010), reference lists of relevant articles and conference proceedings. Regulatory agencies were used as additional sources of information on adverse effects. SELECTION CRITERIA Adequately and quasi-randomized controlled blinded or unblinded trials in children and adults with MS. EXPERIMENTAL INTERVENTION pharmacologic treatments for depression without restrictions regarding dose, route of administration, frequency, or duration. Control intervention: placebo treatment or no treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two teams of reviewers independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. We contacted study authors for additional information. We collected adverse effects from the trials.Information about study population, type of intervention, outcome measures, and study design were extracted from the selected studies. Trial quality was evaluated with the criteria: randomization, allocation concealment, blinding, handling of incomplete outcome data, freedom from selective reporting and freedom from other bias.The impact of missing data on the study results was explored with sensitivity analyses comparing the results from the analyses of study completers with those from best- and worst-case scenarios. MAIN RESULTS Two trials (70 participants) were included. One trial (28 participants) compared treatment with desipramine for five weeks to placebo. The other trial (42 participants) compared treatment with paroxetine for twelve weeks to placebo. Both trials had a significant number of patients lost to follow-up or with missing outcome measurements.There was a trend towards efficacy of both treatments compared to placebo, but this difference was not statistically significant except for one outcome. Confidence intervals were wide in all analyses and our sensitivity analysis showed that the missing data may have had an important effect in both trials, with large differences between best-case and worst-case scenarios for all assessed outcomes.Both treatments were associated with adverse effects, with significantly more patients treated with paroxetine suffering from nausea or headache. Given the difference in trial duration and type of drug, we decided not to perform a meta-analysis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Both desipramine and paroxetine show a trend towards efficacy in depression in MS the short term, but both treatments were associated with adverse effects, with significantly more patients treated with paroxetine suffering from nausea or headache. Further clinical research on the treatment of depression in MS is clearly needed. Future trials should address the efficacy and tolerability in the long term and compare antidepressant treatments head-to-head.
Centralised and Distributed Voltage Control : Impact on Distributed Generation Penetration

With the rapid increase in distributed generation (DG), the issue of voltage regulation in the distribution network becomes more significant and centralized voltage control (or active network management) is one of the proposed methods. Alternative work on intelligent distributed voltage and reactive power control of DG has also demonstrated benefits in terms of the minimization of voltage variation and violations as well as the ability to connect larger generators to the distribution network. This paper uses optimal power flow to compare the two methods and shows that intelligent distributed voltage and reactive power control of the DG gives similar results to those obtained by centralized management in terms of the potential for connecting increased capacities within existing networks.
The Social Structure of Consecration in Cultural Fields: The Influence of Status and Social Distance in Audience-Candidate Evaluative Processes

Building on sociological research that examines the allocation of rewards in peer evaluations, we argue that the recognition of cultural producers’ work varies with their status and social distance from the audience members who evaluate them. We study the influence of these two mechanisms within the context of the Norwegian advertising industry. Specifically, we looked at how cultural producers’ status and social distance from jury members affect their chances of being honored in “The Silver Tag” – one of the main digital advertising awards contests in Norway – during the period 2003-2010. While our findings provide support for status-based rewards allocation, the positive effects of status may be more circumscribed than previously thought. When accounting for the existence of previous connections between audience members and cultural producers, we find that cultural producers are more or less likely to receive an accolade depending on their degree of separation from the audience members. By exposing network-based determinants of consecrating decisions, and suggesting that the positive effects of status may be more circumscribed than previously thought our findings shed important light on the social foundations of evaluation and, more broadly, the mechanisms of reward allocation in cultural fields.