Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kinetostatic analysis of hybrid cable-based manipulators with linkage

This study presents formulations of the velocity and force equations for a class of hybrid cable-driven manipulators constrained with serial linkage. Combining lightweight cables with linkages makes these manipulators lighter and more compact compared to all-cable-driven and all-rigid-link manipulators. Redundant actuation is required to keep the cables taut. The paper discusses two configurations: a) redundant actuators mounted on the passive joints of the serial linkage; and b) manipulators with redundant cables. To preserve generality, the analysis was based on three jacobian matrices that correspond to the serial linkage's active and passive joints as well as the driving cables. The paper presents two examples of configurations (a) and (b) where cable layouts were optimized utilizing techniques reported in earlier work of the authors. The examples include a 5-DOF and a spherical hybrid cable-driven manipulators with their workspace analysis.
A Note on Bayesian Inference with Incomplete Multinomial Data with Applications for Assessing the Spatio-Temporal Variation in Pathogen-Variant Diversity

Summary: With recent advance in genetic analysis, it has become feasible to classify a pathogeninto genetically distinct variants even though they apparently cause an infected subject similarsymptoms. The availability of such data opens up the interesting problem of studying the spatio-temporal variation in the diversity of variants of a pathogen. Data on pathogen variants oftensuﬀer the problems of (i) low cell counts, (ii) incomplete classiﬁcation due to laboratory problems,for example, contamination, and (iii) unseen variants. Shannon entropy may be employed as ameasure of variant diversity. A Bayesian approach can be used to deal with the problems of lowcell counts and unseen variants. Bayesian analysis of incomplete multinomial data may be carriedout by Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. However, for pathogen-variant data, it often happensthat there is only one source of missingness, namely, some subjects are known to be infected bysome unidentiﬁed pathogen variant. We point out that for incomplete data with disjoint sourcesof missingness, Bayesian analysis can be more eﬃciently done by an iid sampling scheme from theposterior distribution. We illustrate the method by analyzing a dataset on prevalence of bartonellainfection among individual colonies of prairie dog at the study site in Colorado, from 2003 to 2006.Key words: Shannon entropy, Bartonella, Bayes factor, Dirichlet distribution, Pathogen diver-sity, Spatial epidemiology.
The High-Tech Investment Boom and Economic Growth in the 1990s: Accounting for Quality

The rapid pace of economic growth in the 1990s was associated with an increasingly prominent role for investment, particularly for information processing and communications technologies. Given the evident pace of technological advancement in these sectors, official economic statistics have been constructed to take careful account of improvements in the quality of these high-tech capital goods. In this article, Michael R. Pakko examines the possibility that this selective accounting for quality improvement has distorted the true importance of high-tech investment in recent economic growth trends. After constructing alternative measures of investment spending that are adjusted for quality change that may go unmeasured in the official data, he finds that the increasing importance of high-tech investment revealed in the official data is quite robust: The prominent role of investment spending during the 1990s—particularly for high-tech capital goods—does, in fact, represent a significant departure from past trends in the composition of U.S. economic growth.
Elevated plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 and 2 concentrations in ileum resected short bowel patients with a preserved colon

BACKGROUND The glucagon-like peptides (GLP) 1 and 2 are secreted postprandially from L cells located mainly in the ileum. Both hormones prolong intestinal transit and GLP-2 is intestinotrophic in rodents. Patients with a jejunostomy have poor adaptation, rapid gastric and intestinal transit, and impaired postprandial GLP-2 secretion. Ileum resected short bowel patients with a preserved colon show evidence of functional adaptation and have normal gastric emptying. AIM To investigate if GLP-1 and GLP-2 contribute to the positive effects of a preserved colon in short bowel patients by measuring circulating levels of GLP-1 and GLP-2 in seven ileum resected short bowel patients with a preserved colon and seven age and sex matched controls. METHODS GLP-1 and GLP-2 immunoreactivity was measured by specific radioimmunoassays in plasma collected at fasting and at regular intervals 180 minutes after a test meal. RESULTS Median (25–75%) fasting GLP-2 values were 72 (69–105) pmol/l versus 23 (19–27) pmol/l (p=0.001) and meal stimulated area under the curve was 21 078 (14 811–26 610) min×pmol/l versus 11 150 (7151–12 801) min×pmol/l (p=0.01) in short bowel patients with a preserved colon compared with control subjects. Fasting GLP-1 values were 10 (6–12) pmol/l versus 5 (3–5) pmol/l (p=0.01) and meal stimulated area under the curve was 3418 (2966–6850) min×pmol/l versus 2478 (1929–3199) min×pmol/l (p=0.04), respectively. CONCLUSION Ileum resected short bowel patients with a preserved colon had elevated fasting plasma concentrations of GLP-1 and GLP-2 and significantly larger meal stimulated areas under the curve compared with age and sex matched controls. Elevated GLP-1 and GLP-2 concentrations may contribute to the positive effects of a preserved colon on intestinal motility and functional adaptation in ileum resected short bowel patients.
Overview and Comparison of Ortholog Databases

Orthologs are an indispensable bridge to transfer biological knowledge between species, from protein annotations to sophisticated disease models. However, orthology assignment is not trivial. A large number of resources now exist, each with its own idiosyncrasies. The goal of this review is to compare their contents and clarify which database is most suited for a certain task.
Adapting and comparing linear segmentation methods for French

This paper presents an empirical comparison between different methods and tools for segmenting texts. After presenting segmentation tools and more specifically linear segmentation algorithms, we present a comparison of these methods on both French and English text corpora. This evalutation points out that the performance of each method heavilly relies on the topic of the documents, and the number of boundaries to be found.
Optimal Provisioning of Resource in a Cloud Service

Cloud service allows enterprise class and individual users to acquire computing resources from large scale data centers of service providers. This cloud service is more involved in purchasing and consuming manners between providers and users than others. However, Cloud service providers charge users for these services. Specifically, to access data from their globally distributed storage edge servers, providers charge users depending on the user’s location and the amount of data transferred. User applications may incur large data retrieval and execution costs. Therefore, optimizing execution time, the cost arising from data transfers between resources as well as execution costs should be taken into account. In this paper, we present a discrete Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) approach for tasks allocation. We construct application Amazon EC2 as an example and simulation with Cloud based compute and transmission resources. Experimental studies illustrate that the proposed method is more efficient and surpasses those of mathematical programming and reflecting the actual benefit of saving with the total cost as well as tasks allocation.
Expression of GD 2 Ganglioside by Untreated Primary Human Neuroblastomas 1

Primary neuroblastomas obtained before therapy from 36 patients were studied to determine the frequency of tumors expressing a specific glycosphingolipid, Go: ganglioside. Total tissue gangliosides were purified by a new partition method, quantitated, and analyzed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. All 36 neuroblastoma tumors, representing all clin ical stages, contained GU2ganglioside. The mean relative and absolute concentrations of GD2 were substantial (12% of the total tissue gangliosides and 50 nmol/g of tissue) and were independent of the clinical stage of the tumor. In contrast, 6 samples of related but more differentiated tumors (ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma) had little or no detectable 602 (<1.5% of total gangliosides and <4 nmol/g of tissue). These results suggest that GD2is a sensitive marker for neuroblastoma tissue and may be an excellent target antigen for immunotherapy of this tumor. neuroblastoma tumor tissue, is potentially a new circulating marker for this cancer. GD2has also been detected by others in small numbers of neuroblastomas by direct TLC analysis (8, 9) or by antibody-binding assays (10-12). However, a systematic study of Go: of untreated tumors of all clinical stages has not been reported. The present study of neuroblastomas of all clinical stages was undertaken to determine how uniformly and in what concentra tions Go2 is found in neuroblastoma tissue. The finding that all of 36 histologically confirmed primary neuroblastomas contained GD2suggests that GDzis a marker of neuroblastoma tissue that is independent of clinical stage. Furthermore, the presence of GD2may be related to the degree of differentiation of the tumor, because little or no GD2was detected in ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma, which are two related but more differen tiated tumors of the sympathetic nervous system. MATERIALS AND METHODS
The interplay of sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression in children.

OBJECTIVE To review and critically evaluate the association between sleep, anxiety, and depression in children and provide recommendations for future research. METHODS A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE and PsychINFO computerized databases and bibliographies of relevant articles. RESULTS A surprisingly small but growing research base exists on the relation between sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression in pediatric populations. Existing research indicates a significant symptom overlap between anxiety, depression, and sleep. This overlap may complicate proper assessment and treatment of children with these disorders. CONCLUSIONS Future research should ensure adequate assessment for symptoms of anxiety and depression when examining sleep disturbance in children. Likewise, research on anxiety and depression should include assessment for symptoms of disturbed sleep. Bridging the gap between these literatures should provide further insights into the etiologies of these disorders, increase symptom detection, and improve the clinical care of children and their families.
A glimpse into the future composition of marine phytoplankton communities

It is expected that climate change will have significant impacts on ecosystems. Most model projections agree that the ocean will experience stronger stratification and less nutrient supply from deep waters. These changes will likely affect marine phytoplankton communities and will thus impact on the higher trophic levels of the oceanic food web. The potential consequences of future climate change on marine microbial communities can be investigated and predicted only with the help of mathematical models. Here we present the application of a model that describes aggregate properties of marine phytoplankton communities and captures the effects of a changing environment on their composition and adaptive capacity. Specifically, the model describes the phytoplankton community in terms of total biomass, mean cell size, and functional diversity. The model is applied to two contrasting regions of the Atlantic Ocean (tropical and temperate) and is tested under two emission scenarios: SRES A2 or “business as usual” and SRES B1 or “local utopia. ” We find that all three macroecological properties will decline during the next century in both regions, although this effect will be more pronounced in the temperate region. Being consistent with previous model predictions, our results show that a simple trait-based modeling framework represents a valuable tool for investigating how phytoplankton communities may reorganize under a changing climate.
HLA-E: A Novel Player for Histocompatibility

The classical class I human leukocyte antigens (HLA-A, -B, and -C) present allele-specific self- or pathogenic peptides originated by intracellular processing to CD8+ immune effector cells. Even a single mismatch in the heavy chain (hc) of an HLA class I molecule can impact on the peptide binding profile. Since HLA class I molecules are highly polymorphic and most of their polymorphisms affect the peptide binding region (PBR), it becomes obvious that systematic HLA matching is crucial in determining the outcome of transplantation. The opposite holds true for the nonclassical HLA class I molecule HLA-E. HLA-E polymorphism is restricted to two functional versions and is thought to present a limited set of highly conserved peptides derived from class I leader sequences. However, HLA-E appears to be a ligand for the innate and adaptive immune system, where the immunological response to peptide-HLA-E complexes is dictated through the sequence of the bound peptide. Structural investigations clearly demonstrate how subtle amino acid differences impact the strength and response of the cognate CD94/NKG2 or T cell receptor.
An Adaptive Resource Scheduling Mechanism Based on User Behavior Feedback in Cloud Computing

Scheduling mechanism in cloud computing environment concerns more about the needs of users due to the commercial purpose of cloud computing. In response to this user-oriented feature, an Adaptive Resource Scheduling Mechanism based on User Behavior Feedback(ARSM-UBF) is developed to schedule cloud resources from the perspective of users. In ARSM-UBF, information collected from scheduling interaction is adopted as the reflection of user behavior and by introducing the relevance feedback mechanism, user behavior information is integrated into the resource scheduling and continuous feedback is proceeded on the following scheduling process to make scheduling results closer to the user's subjective perception. Furthermore, ARSM-UBF gives attention to the efficiency of cloud system. Simulation results confirm that this user behavior feedback based scheduling mechanism is much more efficient since it can not only provide guaranteed services for users with diverse requirements, but also improve the resource utilization rate from the system's perspectives.
Visual Approach to Role Mining with Permission Usage Cardinality Constraint

Role Based Access Control (RBAC) is an effective way of managing permissions assigned to a large number of users in an enterprise. This paper offers a new role engineering approach to RBAC, referred to as visual role mining. The key idea is to graphically represent userpermission assignments to enable quick analysis and elicitation of meaningful roles with constraint. There are two algorithms: ADVISER and t-SMAR. The former is a heuristic used to best represent the userpermission assignments of a given set of roles. The latter is a heuristic algorithm that, when used in conjunction with ADVISER, allows for a visual elicitation of roles with permission usage cardinality constraint.
Dynamic Travel Time Prediction using Pattern Recognition 1 2

21 Travel-time information is an essential part of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATISs) 22 and Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMSs). A key component of these systems is the 23 prediction of travel times. From the perspective of travelers such information may assist in 24 making better route choice and departure time decisions. For transportation agencies these data 25 provide criteria with which to better manage and control traffic to reduce congestion. This study 26 proposes a dynamic travel time prediction algorithm that matches current traffic patterns to 27 historical data. Unlike previous approaches that use travel time as the control variable, the 28 approach uses the temporal-spatial traffic state evolution to match traffic states and predict travel 29 times. The approach first identifies candidate historical time intervals by matching real-time 30 traffic state data against historical data for use in prediction purposes. Subsequently, the selected 31 candidates are used to predict the temporal-spatial evolution of traffic. Lastly, dynamic travel 32 times are constructed using the identified candidate historical data. The proposed algorithm is 33 tested on a 37-mile freeway segment from Newport News to Virginia Beach along the I-64 and I34 264 freeways using historical INRIX data. The prediction results indicate that the proposed 35 method produces predictions that are more accurate than the state-of-the-art K-Nearest Neighbor 36 methods reducing the prediction error by 15 percent to less than 3 minutes on a 50-minute trip. 37 38 Chen, Rakha and McGhee 2
Chromosome condensation and sister chromatid pairing in budding yeast

We have developed a fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method to examine the structure of both natural chromosomes and small artificial chromosomes during the mitotic cycle of budding yeast. Our results suggest that the pairing of sister chromatids: (a) occurs near the centromere and at multiple places along the chromosome arm as has been observed in other eukaryotic cells; (b) is maintained in the absence of catenation between sister DNA molecules; and (c) is independent of large blocks of repetitive DNA commonly associated with heterochromatin. Condensation of a unique region of chromosome XVI and the highly repetitive ribosomal DNA (rDNA) cluster from chromosome XII were also examined in budding yeast. Interphase chromosomes were condensed 80-fold relative to B form DNA, similar to what has been observed in other eukaryotes, suggesting that the structure of interphase chromosomes may be conserved among eukaryotes. While additional condensation of budding yeast chromosomes were observed during mitosis, the level of condensation was less than that observed for human mitotic chromosomes. At most stages of the cell cycle, both unique and repetitive sequences were either condensed or decondensed. However, in cells arrested in late mitosis (M) by a cdc15 mutation, the unique DNA appeared decondensed while the repetitive rDNA region appeared condensed, suggesting that the condensation state of separate regions of the genome may be regulated differently. The ability to monitor the pairing and condensation of sister chromatids in budding yeast should facilitate the molecular analysis of these processes as well as provide two new landmarks for evaluating the function of important cell cycle regulators like p34 kinases and cyclins. Finally our FISH method provides a new tool to analyze centromeres, telomeres, and gene expression in budding yeast.
Autonomic Share Allocation and Bounded Prediction of Response Times in Parallel Job Scheduling for Grids

Grid schedulers which need to decide on which sites the jobs are best allocated require controlled and predictable service. Fair-share scheduling has become widely used but lacks a formal model and depends on the current machine load. Existing approaches for response-time prediction still show significant prediction errors, mostly due to problems in dynamic arrival of jobs with potentially higher priority and hard-to-anticipate packing and backfilling effects. Thus, we propose a different job scheduler (Scojo-PECT) which provides a more suitable framework for predictability and service guarantees by employing preemption with coarse-grain time sharing. We formalize the approach via a queuing model to determine the resource shares necessary to meet target service levels. As further extension, Scojo-PECT can adapt resource shares within certain limits to variations in machine load, while maintaining predictability and service guarantees. We demonstrate the feasibility of service control, the tightness of the 95% prediction intervals (0-30% from average), and the high predictability obtained.
Immigrant Representation in the Swedish Parliament: Towards Homogeneity or United Diversity?

Abstract The current study explores how immigrants are represented within the two largest political parties in Sweden, the Social Democratic Party and the Moderate Party. Apart from exploring the descriptive representation of immigrants in the Swedish parliament, this article explores whether immigrant representation in the two parties in question results in visible diversity in views on immigration and in particular asylum politics. We are predominantly interested in exploring whether immigrant parliamentarians, who might have identities and experiences differing from the majority of the parliamentarians, represent views departing from the general party lines. The theoretical underpinnings of the article are based on an intersectionality approach and historical and feminist institutionalism, specifically the politics of presence, which explores the link between a critical mass in politics and critical acts or substantive representation. The first findings of the study, which have been reached primarily through a qualitative comparative analysis of survey material, are mixed. The number of Social Democratic and Moderate immigrant parliamentarians does not reach the level of foreign-born citizens in Sweden. Nevertheless, there appears to be room for diverse views on immigration and asylum politics that depart from the general party lines in both parties.
On synchronizing sampling and quantization for stabilizing the double integrator under binary sensing

We revisit the problem of constructing finite state ρ/μ approximations for the purpose of certified-by-design control synthesis. We investigate in this context the problem of picking the `initial partition' to enable successful control design for a benchmark problem, namely that of exponentially stabilizing the double integrator by switching between two available feedback gains under binary sensing constraints. We motivate the problem through two illustrative case studies, provide an analysis of the intuition gleamed from special instances of it, propose a general algorithm for choosing the initial partition taking into account the sampling frequency and available choices of feedback gains, and demonstrate the use of our algorithm in a set of illustrative examples.
SPOOL: a SPARQL-based ETL framework for OLAP over linked data

Linked Data (or LD) has promoted publishing information, and links published information (e.g., vocabularies and facts) for utilization. There are increasing number of LD datasets containing numerical data such as statistics. Analyses using such data require dedicated programs to extract, transform, and load (or ETL) for preparation. Thus, a large effort of developers is required. Also, the LD datasets tend to be large and the dumps (or snapshots) for the datasets easily become not up-to-date due to update frequency of the datasets. Hence, downloading dumps of LD datasets to ETL for OLAP can miss latest records. This paper proposes a framework called SPOOL, which attempts to reduce the effort and to ETL latest numerical records data from LD datasets for OLAP through SPARQL endpoints without downloading whole datasets. SPOOL provides series of SPARQL queries extracting objects and attributes from LD datasets, and converts them into star/snowflake schemas, and materialize relevant triples as fact and dimension tables for OLAP. The applicability of SPOOL is evaluated using exiting LD datasets on the Web, and SPOOL successfully processes the LD datasets to ETL for OLAP.