Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nanocurcumin preserves kidney function and haematology parameters in DMBA-induced ovarian cancer treated with cisplatin via its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effect in rats

Abstract Context Cisplatin, as a first-line treatment for ovarian cancer, is associated with debilitating adverse effects, including nephrotoxic and haematotoxic effects. Objective This study determines whether nanocurcumin, combined with cisplatin, would give additional benefit to kidney function and haematological parameters in rats with ovarian cancer. Materials and methods Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into five untreated rats and 20-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced ovarian cancer rats. The 20 ovarian cancer rats were divided into four treatment groups: vehicle, cisplatin, cisplatin-curcumin, and cisplatin-nanocurcumin. Cisplatin was given at the dose of 4 mg/kg BW once weekly, while curcumin or nanocurcumin was administered at 100 mg/kg BW daily for four weeks. At the end of treatment, we analysed kidney function, haematological parameters, and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers from plasma. Results Nanocurcumin alleviates the increase in kidney function markers and abnormalities in haematological indices in rats treated with cisplatin. Compared to cisplatin-treated rats, plasma urea levels decreased from 66.4 to 47.7 mg/dL, creatinine levels lowered from 0.87 to 0.82 mg/dL, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels declined from 8.51 to 3.59 mIU/mg protein. Furthermore, the therapy increased glutathione activities (from 2.02 to 3.23 U/µL), reduced lipid peroxidation (from 0.54 to 0.45 nmol/mL), and decreased plasma TNF-α (from 270.6 to 217.8 pg/mL). Conclusions Cisplatin with nanocurcumin in an ovarian cancer rat model may provide additional benefits as a preventive agent against renal impairment and cisplatin-induced haematological toxicity. However, further research is required to prove that using nanocurcumin for a more extended time would not affect its anticancer properties.
Meander of a Fin Trailing Vortex Measured using Particle Image Velocimetry

The low-frequency meander of a trailing vortex shed from a tapered fin installed on a wind tunnel wall has been studied using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry in the nearwake at Mach 0.8. Distributions of the instantaneous vortex position reveal that the meander amplitude increases with downstream distance and decreases with vortex strength, indicating meander is induced external to the vortex. Trends with downstream distance suggest meander begins on the fin surface, prior to vortex shedding. Mean vortex properties are unaltered when considered in the meandering reference frame, apparently because turbulent fluctuations in the vortex shape and strength dominate positional variations. Conversely, a large peak of artificial turbulent kinetic energy is found centered in the vortex core, which almost entirely disappears when corrected for meander, though some turbulence remains near the core radius. Turbulence originating at the wind tunnel wall was shown to contribute to vortex meander by energizing the incoming boundary layer using low-profile vortex generators and observing a substantial increase in the meander amplitude while greater turbulent kinetic energy penetrates the vortex core. An explanatory mechanism has been hypothesized, in which the vortex initially forms at the apex of the swept leading edge of the fin where it is exposed to turbulent fluctuations within the wind tunnel wall boundary layer, introducing an instability into the incipient vortex core.
Steady state cooling flow models with gas loss for normal elliptical galaxies

A grid of cooling flow models for the hot gas in normal elliptical galaxies is calculated, including the loss of gas due to inhomogeneous cooling. The loss process is modeled as a distributed sink for the gas with the rate of loss being proportional to the local cooling rate. The cooling flow models with gas loss have smaller sonic radii, smaller inflow rates in their central regions, lower densities, and higher temperatures than homogeneous models. The reduction in the amount of hot gas flowing into the center of the models brings the models into much better agreement with the observed X-ray surface brightness profiles of elliptical galaxies. However, there is a large dispersion in the observed X-ray luminosities of ellipticals, and this cannot be explained by variations in the efficiency of gas loss. The gas-loss models have X-ray surface brightness profiles which are much less centrally peaked than the no-gas-loss models. 23 refs.
Static Temperature Measurements in a Flowing Gas

A method has been developed to measure vibrational and rotational static temperatures at any point in nonradiating low‐density flows of nitrogen. An electron beam is used to excite emission in the first negative system of nitrogen. The relative intensities in the rotational and vibrational structure of the emission spectra are predicted theoretically. The theoretical predictions are used to obtain rotational and vibrational temperatures of the nitrogen through which the beam passes.
Fish scale containing alginate dialdehyde-gelatin bioink for bone tissue engineering

The development of biomaterial inks suitable for biofabrication and mimicking the physicochemical properties of the extracellular matrix is essential for the application of bioprinting technology in tissue engineering (TE). The use of animal-derived proteinous materials, such as jellyfish collagen, or fish scale (FS) gelatin (GEL), has become an important pillar in biomaterial ink design to increase the bioactivity of hydrogels. However, besides the extraction of proteinous structures, the use of structurally intact FS as an additive could increase biocompatibility and bioactivity of hydrogels due to its organic (collagen) and inorganic (hydroxyapatite) contents, while simultaneously enhancing mechanical strength in three-dimensional (3D) printing applications. To test this hypothesis, we present here a composite biomaterial ink composed of FS and alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-GEL for 3D bioprinting applications. We fabricate 3D cell-laden hydrogels using mouse pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. We evaluate the physicochemical and mechanical properties of FS incorporated ADA-GEL biomaterial inks as well as the bioactivity and cytocompatibility of cell-laden hydrogels. Due to the distinctive collagen orientation of the FS, the compressive strength of the hydrogels significantly increased with increasing FS particle content. Addition of FS also provided a tool to tune hydrogel stiffness. FS particles were homogeneously incorporated into the hydrogels. Particle-matrix integration was confirmed via scanning electron microscopy. FS incorporation in the ADA-GEL matrix increased the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells in comparison to pristine ADA-GEL, as FS incorporation led to increased ALP activity and osteocalcin secretion of MC3T3-E1 cells. Due to the significantly increased stiffness and supported osteoinductivity of the hydrogels, FS structure as a natural collagen and hydroxyapatite source contributed to the biomaterial ink properties for bone engineering applications. Our findings indicate that ADA-GEL/FS represents a new biomaterial ink formulation with great potential for 3D bioprinting, and FS is confirmed as a promising additive for bone TE applications.
Diffusive cosmic-ray acceleration - Two-fluid models with in situ injection

An enhanced formulation of the two-fluid model for diffusive acceleration at shocks is presented which explicitly includes in situ injection of cosmic rays within the shock and allows the slope of the cosmic-ray momentum distribution to change across the shock. In addition, it is argued that the two-fluid model has applications even when the energy-weighted mean slope of the particle distribution function q is less than or equal to 4/3 or greater than or equal to 5/3, in contrast to the conclusion of Achterberg et al. (1984). The enhanced formulation is used to compare in steady-state shocks the efficiencies of acceleration in shocks with and without in situ injection. The present two-fluid model gives results consistent with more complete simulations. 22 refs.
Production, purification, and characterization of inulinase from Streptomyces anulatus

Inulinase is an enzyme that catalyzes inulin to d‐fructose. This enzyme can be extracted from plants, but it is difficult to obtain it in large quantities, so its production cost is high. Therefore, microbial inulinase has great potential for industrial needs. In the last decade, there have been very few reports on actinobacterial inulinases, especially on purification and characterization of inulinase process extraction. This study aims to select actinomycetes that possess high inulinase activity from the soil. To screen inulinase‐producing bacteria, modified Czapex‐Dox agar supplemented with 1% inulin powder was used. The most effective isolate was Streptomyces sp. EFBO8, morphological and genotypic identification methods, confirmed that the strain is Streptomyces anulatus and that its nucleotide sequence has been deposited in GenBank under accession number OQ073700. To optimize inulinase production, kinetics were performed by using S. anulatus strain, which proved to be most productive with a value of 24,024 EU/mL. The enzyme was purified from the culture filtrate by precipitation with ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4, followed by column chromatography Sephadex (G‐50) separation. Purified protein has a molecular mass of 3331.83 Da.
Relaxation of collisionless self-gravitating matter: the final state

Un nouveau concept pour la relaxation de la matiere self-gravitante sans collisions avait ete presente par Wiechen H. , Ziegler H.J. et Schindler K. (1988, Mon. Not. R. astr. Soc., 232). On demontre la maniere de calculer les etats finaux de la relaxation violente, incorporant la distance energetique d'une distribution initiale de son etat d'energie le plus bas accessible sous la conservation de la densite de l'espace des phases. L'evolution dynamique d'une distribution initiale est traitee numeriquement sur un exemple possedant la symetrie spherique
Discovery of a 50 millisecond pulsar in the Large Magellanic Cloud

The present investigation is concerned with the discovery of a new pulsed X-ray source in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) supernova remnant 0540 - 693. The SNR 0540 - 693 is one of three suspected Crab-like remnants in the LMC. The existing X-ray, optical, and radio observations of the remnant itself are discussed, and an analysis is conducted of the implications of the period, period derivative, and X-ray pulse shape of the new source. It is concluded that the pulsed X-ray source is almost certainly a young, isolated pulsar. Many of its properties are very similar to those of the Crab pulsar.
Evaluation of IRI’s Seasonal Climate Forecasts for the Extreme 15% Tails

AbstractThis paper evaluates the quality of real-time seasonal probabilistic forecasts of the extreme 15% tails of the climatological distribution of temperature and precipitation issued by the International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI) from 1998 through 2009. IRI’s forecasts have been based largely on a two-tiered multimodel dynamical prediction system. Forecasts of the 15% extremes have been consistent with the corresponding probabilistic forecasts for the standard tercile-based categories; however, nonclimatological forecasts for the extremes have been issued sparingly. Results indicate positive skill in terms of resolution and discrimination for the extremes forecasts, particularly in the tropics. Additionally, with the exception of some overconfidence for extreme above-normal precipitation and a strong cool bias for temperature, reliability analyses suggest generally good calibration. Skills for temperature are generally higher than those for precipitation, due both to correct for.
Vertical Velocity and Microphysical Distributions Related to Rapid Intensification in a Simulation of Hurricane Dennis (2005)

AbstractA 1-km Weather Research and Forecasting model simulation of Hurricane Dennis was used to identify precursors in vertical velocity and latent heating distributions to rapid intensification (RI). Although the observed structure qualitatively replicated data obtained during P-3 and Earth Resources-2 (ER-2) flights, the simulated reflectivity was overestimated. During the 6 h preceding RI, defined as 0000 UTC 8 July 2005 close to the time of simulated maximum central pressure deepening, the asymmetric convection transformed into an eyewall with the maximum 10-m wind speed increasing by 16 m s−1.Contour by frequency altitude diagrams showed unique changes in the breadth of simulated vertical velocity (w) distributions before and after RI. Outliers of w distributions at 14 km preceded RI onset, whereas the increase in w outliers at 6 km lagged it. Prior to RI there was an increase in the upward flux of hydrometeors between 10 and 15 km, with increased contributions from w > 6 m s−1. Increases in lower-l.
The role of baroclinic activity in controlling Earth’s albedo in the present and future climates

Significance We find a strong connection between the magnitude of midlatitude storminess and cloud-albedo, thereby linking the large-scale circulation to the planetary albedo. We use this linkage to propose a mechanism for the observed similarity in reflected sunlight between the two hemispheres: The presence of more ocean causes the southern-hemisphere to absorb more sunlight; however, it also makes it stormier, increasing cloud-albedo and balancing the difference in reflected sunlight. Due to the changes in storminess predicted by CMIP6 models, this link also implies less cloud-albedo with warming and a possible break of hemispheric albedo symmetry. For this symmetry to persist, the distribution of southern-hemisphere storms should shift to fewer but stronger storms, as predicted by climate-change models.
Encounters With The Golden Ratio InFluid Dynamics

This paper suggests that the golden ratio, prominent in nature and art, has also its presence in fluid dynamics. The first example draws from the investigation of the resonance in wind tunnels with ventilated walls. Using acoustic wave theory, the reciprocal golden ratio is shown to determine the critical Mach number below which refraction is possible and above which total reflection takes place. The second example concerns the vortex merger, such as observed in aircraft turbulence and large-scale atmospheric or oceanic flows. Based on a numerical simulation and available experimental data, a conjecture is made that the distance below which two identical Rankine vortices merge and above which they do not is the product of the vortex diameter and golden ratio.
What you need to know about migraine in Hughes syndrome patients

Background Headache, often migrainous, is common in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies, whether or not they meet Sydney criteria for a definite diagnosis of Hughes syndrome. Migraine may be a harbinger of stroke in this patient population and even refractory migraine may be highly responsive to antithrombotic therapy in this clinical context. Purpose To summarize what is known to date about managing this important manifestation of the immune-mediated hypercoagulable Hughes syndrome. Results We provide a suggested management algorithm for refractory headache in this unique patient population. Conclusion Most neurologists don’t see or recognize many aPL-positive patients in their practice, so hematologists and rheumatologists who see these patients should recognize that refractory headache may be a manifestation of their immune-mediated hypercoagulable disorder and understand that the potential risks of not addressing this issue may be high.
Models for interval censoring and simulation-based inference for lifetime distributions

Interval-censored lifetime data arise when individuals in a study are inspected intermittently so that a lifetime is observed to lie between two successive times. In settings where only these two times are available, methods exist for nonparametric or parametric estimation of lifetime distributions. However, there has been virtually no discussion of how inspection processes may be estimated or identified. Such estimates are needed if one is to generate interval-censored data by simulation. This paper identifies which aspects of an independent inspection process are estimable from interval-censored data, and shows how to obtain nonparametric estimates. The results allow interval-censored data from any specified distribution to be generated, and give new simulation procedures for estimation or testing. A new omnibus goodness-of-fit test is introduced. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.
The role of governance in enabling the pursuit of dual mission in bank-based impact investing

ABSTRACT Impact investing, defined as direct investments into small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with intentionality to realize social impact and financial returns, simultaneously, has emerged as an attractive, alternative source of entrepreneurial finance in marginalized communities. In this paper, we focus on bank-based impact funds (BBFs), where impact investors and commercial bank partner to create different vehicles of impact investments (managed funds, grants/guarantees or co-financing BBFs) for financing SMEs. Through the theoretical lens of governance, as applied to bank-SME financing and the pursuit of dual mission in social entrepreneurship studies, we develop qualitative case studies in Ghana, uncovering how BBFs enable the pursuit of dual mission by SMEs. The findings are drawn upon to develop a theoretical framework that depicts a unique form of governance as constituting the (i) alignment of the incentives of impact investors and banks to resolve structural and dual-mission tensions in bank-SME financing; and (ii) pre-approval, control and monitoring mechanism necessary for the pursue of the dual mission of financial returns and social impacts in bank-based impact investing. The findings have implications for fund managers, SMEs and policymakers seeking to attract impact investments for private sector-driven development.
Accurate method for determining adhesion of cantilever beams

Using surface micromachined samples, we demonstrate the accurate measurement of cantilever beam adhesion by using test structures which are adhered over long attachment lengths. We show that this configuration has a deep energy well, such that a fracture equilibrium is easily reached. When compared to the commonly used method of determining the shortest attached beam, the present method is much less sensitive to variations in surface topography or to details of capillary drying.
The CALIPSO Lidar Cloud and Aerosol Discrimination: Version 2 Algorithm and Initial Assessment of Performance

Abstract The Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) satellite was launched in April 2006 to provide global vertically resolved measurements of clouds and aerosols. Correct discrimination between clouds and aerosols observed by the lidar aboard the CALIPSO satellite is critical for accurate retrievals of cloud and aerosol optical properties and the correct interpretation of measurements. This paper reviews the theoretical basis of the CALIPSO lidar cloud and aerosol discrimination (CAD) algorithm, and describes the enhancements made to the version 2 algorithm that is used in the current data release (release 2). The paper also presents a preliminary assessment of the CAD performance based on one full day (12 August 2006) of expert manual classification and on one full month (July 2006) of the CALIOP 5-km cloud and aerosol layer products. Overall, the CAD algorithm works well in most cases. The 1-day manual verification suggests that the success rate is in the neighborh.
Primordial substructure in the Orion Nebula Cluster

ABSTRA C T We use numerical N-body simulations of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) to investigate the possibility of substructure in its formation. There is no substructure apparent in the ONC today. However, unless there was a remarkable degree of homogeneity in the molecular cloud from which it formed, it seems unlikely that this would have been true of the cluster in its earliest phase. More plausibly, the early structure of the cluster would have consisted of groups or clumps of subclusters, following the structure of the cloud itself. We have explored the extent to which such subclusters could subsequently have merged, and find that the age of the cluster is a critical factor. The most inhomogeneous initial conditions, comprising a small number of subclusters with many members, are ruled out by an age of 2 Myr or less. There is a considerable amount of freedom in the other direction, however, which suggests that fragmentation in the original cloud is more likely to have been on the scale of small clumps, each producing fewer than 100 stars. These initial subclusters could have been very dense ‐ perhaps two or three orders of magnitude more dense than the core of the ONC today.
Speaker adaptation technique for HMM model

A new speaker adaptation technique for the hidden Markov model (HMM) based on the maximum model distance (Kwong, 1998; He, 1999) approach is presented. Experimental results have shown that this technique provides good performance even with a small amount of adaptation data. When these results are compared with those from the Baum-Welch approach and the stochastic matching approaches (Sank, 1996), it is found that the presented approach provides the best performance.
A Test of the Strict Quasi-Equilibrium Theory on Long Time and Space Scales

Abstract Quasi-equilibrium convective parameterizations share the common assumption that in regions of sustained deep convection rates of change in convective available potential energy (CAPE) are small compared to the magnitude of the large-scale and boundary layer forcings that act to modify CAPE. The more restrictive strict quasi-equilibrium hypothesis (SQE) is that changes in CAPE are dynamically negligible. Under this assumption, tropospheric temperature and thickness variations largely follow a moist adiabat associated with variations in the boundary layer θe. SQE is an attractive simplification for theories of large-scale circulation in the Tropics but has been inadequately tested to date. In this paper, we test the SQE hypothesis over convecting regions of the tropical oceans using microwave sounding unit tropospheric temperature and precipitation fields, along with COADS surface data, on timescales of a month and longer and on space scales ranging upward from O(300 km). One prediction of SQE, tha.
Improved interface characteristics of Mo/SiO2/4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor with post-metallization annealing

The effects of post-metallization annealing (PMA) have been investigated for thermally-grown SiO2 on 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) with a molybdenum (Mo) gate electrode. Mo is a great metal gate material for Silicon carbide (SiC) due to its high thermal budget and low thermal expansion coefficient, which allows high-temperature processing after the gate electrode formation. In this study, PMA process was carried out after Mo gate formation on thermally-grown SiO2/4H-SiC in the temperature range from 600 to 1000 °C in N2 or a forming gas ambient. The fabricated Mo/SiO2/4H-SiC MOS device annealed at 800 °C exhibited excellent interface characteristics with negligible hysteresis in comparison with as-grown or post-oxidation annealed samples.