Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development of decision making based on internal and external information: A hierarchical Bayesian approach

In decision making, people may rely on their own information as well as on information from external sources, such as family members, peers, or experts. The current study investigated how these types of information are used by comparing four decision strategies: 1) an internal strategy that relies solely on own information; 2) an external strategy that relies solely on the information from an external source; 3) a sequential strategy that relies on information from an external source only after own information is deemed inadequate; 4) an integrative strategy that relies on an integration of both types of information. Of specific interest were individual and developmental differences in strategy use. Strategy use was examined via Bayesian hierarchical mixture model analysis. A visual decision task was administered to children and young adolescents (N=305, ages 9–14). Individual differences but no age-related changes were observed in either decision accuracy or strategy use. The internal strategy was dominant across ages, followed by the integrative and sequential strategy, respectively, while the external strategy was extremely rare. This suggests a reluctance to rely entirely on information provided by external sources. We conclude that there are individual differences but not developmental changes in strategy use pertaining to perceptual decision-making in 9- through 14-year-olds. Generalizability of these findings is discussed with regard to different forms of social influence and varying perceptions of the external source. This study provides stepping stones in better understanding and modeling decision making processes in the presence of both internal and external information.
Storying the Gender Binary in Sport: Narrative Motifs Among Transgender, Gender Non-Conforming Athletes

This study utilized a two-tiered, thematic and structural narrative analysis to understand the ways transgender, gender non-conforming (TGNC) athletes story their experiences of sport. All participants (N = 20) self-identified as TGNC and as athletes. A thematic narrative analysis of semi-structured interviews revealed several convergent narratives (i.e., gender sanctioning, binary gender survival, gender transition and disclosure, and gender affirming) within TGNC athlete stories. A secondary structural analysis of evaluation statements in each story offered insight into what master narratives within sport are (re)producing binary gender structures and as a result excluding non-binary athletes from participation and inclusion. The structural analysis also uncovered counter narratives within TGNC athlete stories that challenged the binarized structures of sport. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in relation to how master narratives might be altered to foster gender inclusion beyond the binary.
The Shannon Information Capacity of an Arbitrary Radiating Surface: An Electromagnetic Approach

Utilizing a cross-disciplinary approach, we explore Shannon information-theoretic characterizations of the information capacity limits of generic electromagnetic (EM) surfaces intended for possible use in wireless communication links. Our principal task is to first formulate at a general and rigorous level the EM theory of the information that can be extracted from the Maxwellian fields radiated by an arbitrarily shaped continuous surface. This is then followed by a detailed derivation and illustration of practical physics-informed algorithms for computing approximations of the Shannon capacity of surfaces with any given geometry operating in Gaussian channels. Our formalism can address both near- and far-field information capacity scenarios, with a mathematical treatment that includes a complete characterization of the source-field polarization structure, mutual coupling, and interactions.
Surface Acoustic Wave Filter Using Floating Electrode Slanted Finger Unidirectional Transducers

This paper describes a wide-band surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter designed to achieve large stop-band attenuation. The SAW filters using slanted finger interdigital transducers are suitable for mid- or wide-band filters. To achieve a stop-band attenuation of more than 80 dB, two SAW filters using slanted finger unidirectional transducers (SFUDTs) were cascaded. Since these SFUDT filters have center-to-center distances that differ by one-fourth of the acoustic wavelength at the center frequency, the triple transit echo was effectively compensated. A cascaded-pair SFUDT SAW filter with a fractional bandwidth of 15 percent was designed and fabricated on a 128°Y-X LiNbO3 substrate. An insertion loss of 14 dB, amplitude ripples of 0.5 dB and stop-band attenuation of 80 dB or more were achieved.
Stochastic Optimization Methods for Buying-Low-and-Selling-High Strategies

Abstract This article is concerned with a numerical method using stochastic approximation approach for an optimal trading (buy and sell) strategy. The underlying asset price is governed by a mean-reverting stochastic process. The objective is to buy and sell the asset so as to maximize an overall expected return. One of the advantages of our approach is that the underlying asset is model free. Only mean reversion is required. Slippage cost is imposed on each transaction. Convergence of the algorithms is provided. Numerical examples are reported to demonstrate the results.
How is The Implementation of Diagnostic Tests in Biology Learning in South Sumatra?

Diagnostic tests have a very important role to provide information about the strengths and weaknesses of students related to a concept to be studied. This study aims to obtain an overview of the implementation of diagnostic tests carried out by Biology teachers in South Sumatra Province using the survey method. This study involved 86 Biology teachers in South Sumatra Province. Samples were taken using the convenience sampling method. Data collection by using e-questionnaire distributed through Google Form. The e-questionnaire consists of 25 questions developed from standard indicators of assessment, including planning, method selection, test instrument development, test implementation, test result management, test results reporting and the implications of these test results in the biology learning process in schools. The results of this study indicate that Biology teachers in South Sumatra have carried out routine diagnostic tests. The development of this diagnostic test instrument has also referred to the learning objectives and the results of the diagnostic test have been used to determine the methods, strategies, and approaches used in the learning process. Although in general the implementation of diagnostic tests in Biology learning is good, but the implementation and management of diagnostic tests that are very close to the learning process is feared will not have a significant effect on the implementation of the learning process in schools.
Determining Social Intelligence of Dental Students ar Various “Academic Levels by Trosmo Social Intelligence Scale”

Background/Introduction: Social intelligence is of great importance in the life of health care professionals because it is a significant factor of prediction and interpretation of human behavior in various contexts of social and clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to determine social intelligence of dental students at various academic levels by Trosmo Social Intelligence scale. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at various dental colleges of Pakistan. Re-validated Trosmo social intelligence questionnaires were distributed to undergraduate dental students to assess their social intelligence at various academic levels. Likert scale was used to assess the opinions and attitudes of the respondents. Results: The study consisted of 403 participants, of which 129 (32%) were male and 236 (58.6%) were female. The minimum age of the respondents was 18 and 28 being the maximum. The average values of social intelligence at various academic levels are as follows: 1.944 for BDS 1, 1.980 for BDS 2, 1.87 for BDS 3, 2.053 for BDS 4, respectively. Nor growth in all three component of social intelligence was identified. Conclusion: There is insignificant change in social intelligence of students at various academic levels and no significant link is found between the three dimensions of social intelligence and the upgrading academic levels, which is concerning. Keywords: Social intelligence; academic levels; TROSMO scale; dental students, social skills, clinical practice, healthcare, human behavior, professionalism, curriculum
Contact resistance and threshold voltage extraction in n-channel organic thin film transistors on plastic substrates

n-channel organic thin film transistors were fabricated on polyethylene naphthalate substrates. The first part of the paper is devoted to a critical analysis of eight methods to extract the threshold voltage from the transfer characteristic in the linear regime. Next, to improve electron injection and reduce contact resistance, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were deposited on the gold source and drain electrodes. The subsequent modification on the current-voltage characteristics of the transistors is analyzed by the transfer line method, using a threshold-voltage-corrected gate voltage. The improved performance of the device obtained with some of the SAM treatments is attributed to both a better morphology of the semiconductor film, resulting in an increased channel mobility, and to easier electron injection, which manifests itself through a lowering of the contact resistance. Interestingly, the modulation of the contact resistance exactly follows an opposite behavior to what reported in the case of p-c.
Dielectric Studies on Fe3O4 Nanodoped --Alkyloxybenzoic Acids

The stability of phase transition temperatures and textural changes for thermotropic pure and nanodoped --alkyloxybenzoic acid mesogens were aimed to study at considerable time periods. Frequency and temperature dependent dielectric constant and dielectric loss for the pure and nanodoped liquid crystals were carried out. Significant anomalies in dielectric studies were observed near phase transitions when dielectric constant and dielectric loss had been measured as a function of temperature and frequency. Changes in dielectric constant and loss were observed and there were no apparent changes at high frequencies instead maintaining constant values. The variations in conductivity, activation energy, and relaxation times had also been studied in the nematic and smectic phases. The temperature dependent dielectric constant stability (temperature coefficient of dielectric constant ) had shown shift in the observed frequency range of thermotropic liquid crystals corresponding to the change in the dielectric constant values.
All paths through a maze

The author considers a specific maze shown as a figure. The question is to enumerate all 46 paths between two specificn points. It is supposed that if one tries manually, that he will probably find about three-fourths of all the paths and then become bogged down with redundancy. In the remainder of this letter, the author not only shows how to enumerate all paths from some starting nodet to some end node in a straightforward one-pass technique, but also how to determine the total number of paths between any two specific nodes. The second piece of information is determined essentially for no additional cost. The matrix technique of Murchland (1965) for generating all paths in maze or graph requires the eliminaotion of paths produced which contain a loop. Consequently, the author believes that the method proposed here is more efficient. Also, this new technique has a simpliclty, as found in Moore? s Shortest Route Algorithm (1957), which is not found in Murchland? s.
Efficient GPU Implementations of Post-Quantum Signature XMSS

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) approved XMSS as part of the post-quantum cryptography (PQC) development effort in 2018. XMSS is currently one of only two standardized PQC algorithms, but its performance limits its use. For example, the fastest record for some standardized parameters still takes more than a minute to generate a keypair. In this article, we present the first GPU implementation for XMSS and its variant XMSS<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{\mathsf {MT}}$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mi mathvariant="sans-serif">MT</mml:mi></mml:msup></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="chen-ieq1-3233348.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>. The high parallelism of GPUs is especially effective for reducing latency in key generation and improving throughput for signing and verifying. In order to meet various application scenarios, we provide three parallel XMSS schemes: <italic>algorithmic parallelism</italic>, <italic>multi-keypair data parallelism</italic>, and <italic>single-keypair data parallelism</italic>. For these schemes, we design custom parallel strategies that use more than 10,000 cores for all parameters provided by NIST. In addition, we analyze the availability of most previous serial optimizations and explore numerous techniques to fully exploit GPU performance. Our evaluations are made with the XMSSMT-SHA2_20/2_256 parameter set on a GeForce RTX 3090. The result shows the key generation latency is 3.20 ms, a speedup of 21,899× compared to the GPU ported version, which is also 54× speedup faster than the fastest work (174 ms). When 16384 tasks are executed, the throughput (task/s) for signing/verifying in the single-key and multi-key cases is 311,424/415,100 and 145,100/419,887, respectively. Compared to the throughput for signing/verifying (1695/4000) of the fastest work, we obtain a speedup of 184×/104× and 86×/105× in single-key and multi-key cases, respectively.
Development of micro-pump for bio-MEMS by using new bio-compatible piezoelectric material MgSiO3

In this study, a micro-pump for Bio-MEMS by using a new bio-compatible piezoelectric thin film is newly developed, which could be built in DDS and HMS. At first, we carried out the performance assessment of our piezoelectric thin film pump of a newly designed micro-fluid system by using the finite element method, which can consider the interaction between the piezoelectric solid and the fluid. The results of numerical analyses show a enough transportation ability of our micro-pump system. Then, we generate multilayer MgSiO3 thin film on Cu/Ti/Si(100) substrate by using RFmagnetron sputtering method. We measured the crystallographic orientation and piezoelectric property and confirmed that MgSiO3(101) crystal has grown well. The strain constant d33 was calculated by using the displacement-voltage curve, such as 179.4pm/V. Further, the deflection and frequency of the monomorph-actuator, which fabricated by using the micro-machining process, were measured by the laser doppler vibrometer. It showed that the deflection linearly increased with applied voltage, and it was 82.6nm with the applied voltage of 15V. We evaluated the flow rate of micropump using the luminance difference measurement method. The results showed that the maximum flow rate was 7.1nl/s at the applied voltage of 15V. It shows the possibility of Bio-MEMS device by using our newly developed micro-pump with a new bio-compatible piezoelectric material MgSiO3.
An Approach toward Automatic Specifics Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Based on an Immunohistochemical Image

The paper explored the problem of automatic diagnosis based on immunohistochemical image analysis. The issue of automated diagnosis is a preliminary and advisory statement for a diagnostician. The authors studied breast cancer histological and immunohistochemical images using the following biomarkers progesterone, estrogen, oncoprotein, and a cell proliferation biomarker. The authors developed a breast cancer diagnosis method based on immunohistochemical image analysis. The proposed method consists of algorithms for image preprocessing, segmentation, and the determination of informative indicators (relative area and intensity of cells) and an algorithm for determining the molecular genetic breast cancer subtype. An adaptive algorithm for image preprocessing was developed to improve the quality of the images. It includes median filtering and image brightness equalization techniques. In addition, the authors developed a software module part of the HIAMS software package based on the Java programming language and the OpenCV computer vision library. Four molecular genetic breast cancer subtypes could be identified using this solution: subtype Luminal A, subtype Luminal B, subtype HER2/neu amplified, and basalt-like subtype. The developed algorithm for the quantitative characteristics of the immunohistochemical images showed sufficient accuracy in determining the cancer subtype “Luminal A”. It was experimentally established that the relative area of the nuclei of cells covered with biomarkers of progesterone, estrogen, and oncoprotein was more than 85%. The given approach allows for automating and accelerating the process of diagnosis. Developed algorithms for calculating the quantitative characteristics of cells on immunohistochemical images can increase the accuracy of diagnosis.
FTIR Characterization of Sulfated Polysaccharides Obtained from Macrocystis integrifolia Algae and Verification of Their Antiangiogenic and Immunomodulatory Potency In Vitro and In Vivo

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory potential of sulfated polysaccharides from the marine algae Macrocystis integrifolia characterized by FTIR. The cytotoxicity of sulfated polysaccharides was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antiangiogenic activity was evaluated using the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Immunomodulatory activity was determined on macrophage functionality and allergic response. The results showed that sulfated polysaccharides significantly decreased angiogenesis in chicken chorioallantoic membranes (p < 0.05). Likewise, they inhibited in vivo chemotaxis and in vitro phagocytosis, the transcription process of genes that code the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) and the nuclear factor kappa-light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), showing immunomodulatory properties on the allergic response, as well as an in vivo inhibitory effect in the ovalbumin-induced inflammatory allergy model (OVA) and inhibited lymphocyte proliferation specific to the OVA antigen in immunized mice. Finally, these compounds inhibited the histamine-induced skin reaction in rats, the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in mice, and the passive response to skin anaphylaxis in rats. Therefore, the results of this research showed the potential of these compounds to be a promising source for the development of antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory drugs.
Infrared thermography as a technique for detecting subclinical bovine mastitis

ABSTRACT Infrared thermography is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of subclinical mastitis in pasture-raised dairy cows. The study was conducted on eight dairy farms, in Sena Madureira, Acre, in the Western Amazon, during the rainy season. One hundred and thirteen lactating crossbred cows were monitored, with measurements performed once a day before milking, from 02:00 to 06:00 in the morning. The California Mastitis Test (CMT) was subsequently applied. Data processing was performed in the R programming language and evaluated by linear models. Our results show that cow udder surface temperature by infrared thermography showed significant differences (p<0.05) between the months of the year. Cow udder temperatures of thermographic images were significantly different (p<0.05) from CMT results for animals with subclinical mastitis. CMT results showed that 45 cows (39.8%) in January, 52 cows (46%) in February and 57 cows (50.4%) in March had subclinical mastitis. Infrared thermography is a technique that can be used for the early detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy herds in a grazing system, as it detected an increase in the udder surface temperature of the same cows that were positive for CMT.
Diagnosing superstrong turbulence in plasma by forbidden line measurements

Observations of satellites of forbidden helium lines yield a new diagnostic of superstrong turbulence in a relativistic beam–plasma system. Comparing the satellite‐to‐allowed line intensities allows estimates of the volume fraction of atoms that experience high Langmuir fields, i.e., 〈E2〉≥4πnTe. An independent estimate follows from counting the total number of events, and using the calculated optical efficiency of the system, this ratio is estimated independently—agreement is good. This ratio may be the packing fraction of high field cavitons. Its value (∼0.1) implies that collision processes may be important to caviton dynamics.
Equivalence of the Potts model or Whitney polynomial with an ice-type model

The partition function of the Potts model (1952) on any lattice can readily be written as a Whitney polynomial (1932). Temperley and Lieb (Proc. R. Soc., vol.A322, p.251 of 1971) have used operator methods to show that, for a square lattice, this problem is in turn equivalent to a staggered ice-type model. Here the authors rederive this equivalence by a graphical method, which they believe to be simpler, and which applies to any planar lattice. For instance, they also show that the Potts model on the triangular or honeycomb lattice is equivalent to an ice-type model on a Kagome lattice.
FastContext: A tool for identification of adapters and other sequence patterns in next generation sequencing (NGS) data

The development of next generation sequencing (NGS) methods has created the need for detailed analysis and control of each protocol step. NGS library preparation protocols may include steps with incorporation of various service sequences, such as sequencing adapters, primers, sample-, cell-, and molecule-specific barcodes. Despite a fairly high level of current knowledge, during the protocol development process researches often have to deal with various kinds of unexpected experiment outcomes, which result either from lack of information, lack of knowledge, or defects in reagent manufacturing. Detection and analysis of service sequences, their distribution and linkage may provide important information for protocol optimization. Here we introduce FastContext, a tool designed to analyze NGS read structure, based on sequence features found in reads, and their relative position in the read. The algorithm is able to create human readable read structures with user-specified patterns, to calculate counts and percentage of every read structure. Despite the simplicity of the algorithm, FastContext may be useful in read structure analysis and, as a result, can help better understand molecular processes that take place at different stages of NGS library preparation. The project is open-source software, distributed under GNU GPL v3, entirely written in the programming language Python, and based on well-maintained packages and commonly used data formats. Thus, it is cross-platform, may be patched or upgraded by the user if necessary. The FastContext package is available at the Python Package Index (https://pypi.org/project/FastContext), the source code is available at GitHub (https://github.com/regnveig/FastContext).