Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Network coding based reliable broadcast protocol in Multi-Channel Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks

Multi-Channel Multi-Radio (MCMR) Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) have emerged as a new paradigm in multi-hop wireless networks. In a typical MCMR WMNs, each node has multiple radios with multiple available channels on each radio, which allows nodes to have simultaneous transmissions and receptions. Therefore, network performance is improved. As a key technology in WMNs, reliable broadcast can provide efficient data transmission. GreedyCode is a network coding based reliable broadcast protocol proposed by our group earlier, whose basic idea is to opportunistically select the forwarders with the highest transmission efficiency to transmit the encoded packets while the neighbors just listen. In this paper, we consider one-to-all broadcast scenarios and propose a novel GreedyCode based reliable broadcast protocol MCMR-GreedyCode, which is two-fold: channel assignment and link scheduling. Specially, we propose the Level Channel Assignment Strategy (LCAS) algorithm and determine the number of data packets to be sent each time according to the feedback information from onehop neighbor nodes. In addition, any intermediate node that receives complete data can forward data to those nodes that don't. The process repeats until all destination nodes receive complete data. Simulation results show that MCMR-GreedyCode has lower network latency and greater throughput than some existing network protocols, such as GreedyCode, MCM, MLRM, etc.
Types and concept analysis for legacy systems

We combine type inference and concept analysis in order to gain insight into legacy software systems. Type inference for COBOL yields the types for variables and program parameters. These types are used to perform mathematical concept analysis on legacy systems. We have developed ConceptRefinery, a tool for interactively manipulating concepts. We show how this tool facilitates experiments with concept analysis, and lets reengineers employ their knowledge of the legacy system to refine the results of concept analysis.
Do Telemedicine Wound Care Specialist Consults Meet the Needs of the Referring Physician? A Survey of Primary Care Providers

The purpose of our study was to determine the factors that influence the use of telemedicine consultation by primary care physicians (PCPs) in the management of patients with problem wounds. A short questionnaire was administered to thirty-six PCPs who referred to our Wound Care Program within one year. Participants were asked to rate the importance of specific concerns and benefits regarding the role of wound care surgical specialist (WCSS) and the use of telemedicine consults prior to possible face-to-face consultation. Sixty percent of respondents felt comfortable with telemedicine consultation based on recommendations alone. The total number of patients referred for telemedicine consult was 230, and face-to-face consultation with a WCSS was offered and arranged for 30% of patients. The perception of shared decision making, streamlining patient care, and an opportunity for followup were all highly ranked benefits. The majority of PCPs (93%) agreed that telemedicine wound care consult is a useful tool in their practice and would continue to use the telemedicine consult service.
Beta-COP localizes mainly to the cis-Golgi side in exocrine pancreas

We examined the distribution of the non-clathrin-coated vesicle- associated coat protein beta-COP in rat exocrine pancreatic cells by immunogold cytochemistry. Labeling for beta-COP was found in the Golgi region (48%) where it was associated with vesicles and buds of approximately 50 nm, showing a characteristic approximately 10-nm-thick coat. The other half of the label was present in the cytoplasm, not associated with visible coats or membranes, with a minor fraction present on small clusters of tubules and vesicles. Clathrin-coated vesicles were typically located at the trans-side of the Golgi complex, and showed a thicker coat of approximately 18 nm. Of the total beta-COP labeling over the Golgi region, 68% occurred on the cis-side, 6% on the cisternae, 17% on the rims of the cisternae, and only 9% on the trans- side. For clathrin these figures were 16, 2, 4, and 78%, respectively. At the cis-Golgi side beta-COP was present in transitional areas (TA), on so-called peripheral elements (PE), consisting of tubules and vesicles located between the cup-shaped transitional elements (TE) of the RER and the cis-most Golgi cisternae. Label for Sec23p was also present in TA but was located closer to the TE, while beta-COP labeled PE were located near the cis-Golgi cisternae. Upon energy depletion, Golgi associated beta-COP was almost exclusively (86%) in spherical aggregates of 200-500 nm in diameter, whereas the cis-side (6%), the cisternae (1%), the rims (4%) and trans-side (3%) of the Golgi complex, were barely labeled; 50% of the total label remained in the cytoplasm. The aggregates were predominantly located at the cis-side of the Golgi stack, next to, but distinct from the Sec23p positive TA, that were devoid of beta-COP and had only a few recognizable vesicles left. Incubation with aluminum fluoride resulted in fragmentation of the Golgi complex into large clusters of beta-COP positive vesicles, while 50% of the label remained in the cytoplasm, as in control cells. After 10 min of Brefeldin A treatment 91% of beta-COP was cytoplasmic and only 7% associated with membranes of the Golgi complex. The total label for beta-COP over exocrine cells remained unchanged during the incubation with either of the drugs, indicating that the drugs induce reallocation of beta-COP. Our data suggest that beta-COP plays a role in membrane transport at the cis-side of the Golgi complex.
Augmented Reality for Anatomical Education

The use of Virtual Environments has been widely reported as a method of teaching anatomy. Generally such environments only convey the shape of the anatomy to the student. We present the Bangor Augmented Reality Education Tool for Anatomy (BARETA), a system that combines Augmented Reality (AR) technology with models produced using Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology, to provide the student with stimulation for touch as well as sight. The principal aims of this work were to provide an interface more intuitive than a mouse and keyboard, and to evaluate such a system as a viable supplement to traditional cadaver based education.
Location management for next-generation personal communications networks

This article presents a survey on location management algorithms for next-generation personal communications networks. We first describe different static and dynamic location update algorithms. Then we discuss various selective paging strategies. We also present various modeling techniques that have been used for the performance analysis of location update and terminal paging. We conclude by stating a number of open problems that need to be addressed for the deployment of next-generation PCNs.
Efficacy of lead‐in silibinin and subsequent triple therapy in difficult‐to‐treat HIV/hepatitis C virus‐coinfected patients

The efficacy of current hepatitis C virus (HCV) triple therapy, including a protease inhibitor, is limited in HIV/HCV‐coinfected patients with advanced liver fibrosis and nonresponse to previous peginterferon‐ribavirin. These patients have a low chance (only 30%) of achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) during triple therapy and cannot wait for next‐generation anti‐HCV drugs. In a pilot study, we investigated the efficacy of a lead‐in therapy with silibinin before triple therapy in difficult‐to‐treat patients.
WHY ARE PHARMACOKINETIC DATA SUMMARIZED BY ARITHMETIC MEANS?

The main aim of many studies in clinical pharmacology is to describe the pharmacokinetic activity of a given compound. This pharmacokinetic activity for an individual is then evaluated through a series of summary parameters, such as area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum concentration (C max) and the rate constant λ, and it is evaluated across individuals by descriptive statistics of these parameters, such as the mean and range and a measure of spread such as the standard deviation. How the pharmacokinetic parameters are derived is described here. It is demonstrated that the assumption of an exponential half-life is often fundamental to the derivation of pharmacokinetic parameters. Given this fact, one would think it logical that data are analyzed with the appropriate statistics on the log-scale and not by summary statistics, such as arithmetic means, on the original scale. Why arithmetic means are used to describe the data is explored and the special nature of the log-transformation highlighted.
Chemometrics of Cells and Tissues Using IR Spectroscopy - Relevance in Biomedical Research

Biochemical analyses of substances rely upon the ability of techniques to identify qualitatively and quantitatively the components present and are based on physicochemical characteristics as well as chemical nature of substances being detected. While chemical analyses usually depend on reactions of a given substance and can be destructive, spectral studies are usually non-destructive and deal with describing a substance based on properties like absorption or transmission of light (e.g. UV, Visible, Infrared (IR)), light scattering ability, fluorescence /phosphorescence using various optical techniques. Thus, the technique (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy has gained prominence in both research and applications in different fields of science. Among the various techniques, IR spectroscopy owing to its lower potency of causing damage compared to X-rays, gamma rays and UV rays (as it is based on weak vibrational energies) has become the technique of choice during chemical analysis of substances. IR spectroscopy can not only provide information about the various components in a complex material but is also unique in its ability to be modified into different kinds of instrumentations based on requirement. The various IR spectroscopy based instruments from a simple IR based spectroscope that helps to obtain the absorbance spectra of a chemical compound to the complex imaging systems that employ computational methods in addition to the technical sophistication are based on a simple principle that every compound or a particular combination of compounds can be described by means of a FTIR (Fourier transform infra red) spectra qualitatively and quantitatively.
An Efficient Search Mechanism in Unstructured P2P Networks Based on Semantic Group

Recently among various searching techniques, semantic-based searching has drawn significant attention. In this paper, we propose a novel and efficient search mechanism BF-SKIP (Biased walk, Flooding and Search with K-Iteration Preference). We use Vector Space Model (VSM) and relevance ranking algorithms to construct the overlay network. In BF-SKIP system, the search mechanism is divided into three stages (A, B and C). It significantly reduces the number of redundant messages and the number of visited nodes. Our analysis and simulation results show that the BF-SKIP scheme can outperform GES in terms of higher precision and lower search cost.
A Simple Clinical Measure of Quadriceps Muscle Strength Identifies Responders to Pulmonary Rehabilitation

The aim was to determine if baseline measures can predict response to pulmonary rehabilitation in terms of six-minute walk distance (6MWD) or quality of life. Participants with COPD who attended pulmonary rehabilitation between 2010 and 2012 were recruited. Baseline measures evaluated included physical activity, quadriceps strength, comorbidities, inflammatory markers, and self-efficacy. Participants were classified as a responder with improvement in 6MWD (criteria of ≥25 m or ≥2SD) and Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ; ≥0.5 points/question). Eighty-five participants with a mean (SD) age of 67(9) years and a mean forced expiratory volume in one second of 55(22)% were studied. Forty-nine and 19 participants were responders when using the 6MWD criteria of ≥25 m and ≥61.9 m, respectively, with forty-four participants improving in CRQ. In a regression model, responders in 6MWD (≥25 m criteria) had lower baseline quadriceps strength (P = 0.028) and higher baseline self-efficacy scores (P = 0.045). Independent predictors of 6MWD response (≥61.9 m criteria) were participants with metabolic disease (P = 0.007) and lower baseline quadriceps strength (P = 0.016). Lower baseline CRQ was the only independent predictor of CRQ response. A participant with relatively lower baseline quadriceps strength was the strongest independent predictor of 6MWD response. Metabolic disease may predict 6MWD response, but predictors of CRQ response remain unclear.
How to Make a Young Child Smarter

Can interventions meaningfully increase intelligence? If so, how? The Database of Raising Intelligence is a continuously updated compendium of randomized controlled trials that were designed to increase intelligence. In this article, the authors examine nearly every available intervention involving children from birth to kindergarten, using meta-analytic procedures when more than 3 studies tested similar methods and reviewing interventions when too few were available for meta-analysis. This yielded 4 meta-analyses on the effects of dietary supplementation to pregnant mothers and neonates, early educational interventions, interactive reading, and sending a child to preschool. All 4 meta-analyses yielded significant results: Supplementing infants with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, enrolling children in early educational interventions, reading to children in an interactive manner, and sending children to preschool all raise the intelligence of young children.
Fast Region of Interest detection for fetal genital organs in B-mode ultrasound images

Genital organ detection of fetus in B-mode ultrasound images has a considerable significance. It is useful to know any malformations present in the genital organs and also to determine the sex of the fetus. In this paper we propose a Feature from Accelerated Segment Test (FAST) technique for approximate detection of fetal genitals in ultrasound images. FAST algorithm is capable of producing the corner points at a higher speed which falls on the fetal genital organs. A window of size 60×60 pixels being corner point as a center is considered as Region of Interest (ROI), where genital organ of fetus is anticipated. The efficiency of the algorithm is calculated as the ratio of number of images where corner points are placed on the fetus genital organ to the total number of images tested. FAST algorithm is robust to speckles present in the image, machine independent, fast and also computationally less intensive to implement in real time with an efficiency of 96.7%.
DMP: Detouring Using Multiple Paths against Jamming Attack for Ubiquitous Networking System

To successfully realize the ubiquitous network environment including home automation or industrial control systems, it is important to be able to resist a jamming attack. This has recently been considered as an extremely threatening attack because it can collapse the entire network, despite the existence of basic security protocols such as encryption and authentication. In this paper, we present a method of jamming attack tolerant routing using multiple paths based on zones. The proposed scheme divides the network into zones, and manages the candidate forward nodes of neighbor zones. After detecting an attack, detour nodes decide zones for rerouting, and detour packets destined for victim nodes through forward nodes in the decided zones. Simulation results show that our scheme increases the PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio) and decreases the delay significantly in comparison with rerouting by a general routing protocol on sensor networks, AODV (Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector), and a conventional JAM (Jammed Area Mapping) service with one reroute.
Multiscale Dictionary Learning: Non-Asymptotic Bounds and Robustness

High-dimensional datasets are well-approximated by low-dimensional structures. Over the past decade, this empirical observation motivated the investigation of detection, measurement, and modeling techniques to exploit these low-dimensional intrinsic structures, yielding numerous implications for high-dimensional statistics, machine learning, and signal processing. Manifold learning (where the low-dimensional structure is a manifold) and dictionary learning (where the low-dimensional structure is the set of sparse linear combinations of vectors from a finite dictionary) are two prominent theoretical and computational frameworks in this area. Despite their ostensible distinction, the recently-introduced Geometric Multi-Resolution Analysis (GMRA) provides a robust, computationally efficient, multiscale procedure for simultaneously learning manifolds and dictionaries. In this work, we prove non-asymptotic probabilistic bounds on the approximation error of GMRA for a rich class of data-generating statistical models that includes "noisy" manifolds, thereby establishing the theoretical robustness of the procedure and confirming empirical observations. In particular, if a dataset aggregates near a low-dimensional manifold, our results show that the approximation error of the GMRA is completely independent of the ambient dimension. Our work therefore establishes GMRA as a provably fast algorithm for dictionary learning with approximation and sparsity guarantees. We include several numerical experiments confirming these theoretical results, and our theoretical framework provides new tools for assessing the behavior of manifold learning and dictionary learning procedures on a large class of interesting models.
A Statistical Amalgamation Approach for Ontologies

As ontology is subjective and varies in different domains, the amount of ontologies turns out to be huge but with poor compatibility. Mainstream method for ontology integration is mostly achieved by establishing mappings between ontologies. In this essay, the author put forward another way of ontology merging. After statistic machine learning on concept relations, the frequency of different ontologies appeared in concept relations reveals certainty factor and help to build a large-scale concept relations network including the statistic information and domain categories, so that the conceptions convey ed by different ontologies can be fused together and the merging concept space turns to be relatively objective. And the experiments results also help to demonstrate the feasibility of the ontology merging.
Tip Motion Control and Scanning of a Reorientable Micromanipulator With Axially Located Tip

Two-axis micromanipulators, whose tip orientation and position can be controlled in real time in the scanning plane, enable versatile probing systems for 2.5-D nanometrology. The key to achieve high-precision probing systems is to accurately control the interaction point of the manipulator tip when its orientation is changed. This paper presents the development of a probing system wherein the deviation in the end point due to large orientation changes is controlled to within 10 nm. To achieve this, a novel micromanipulator design is first proposed, wherein the end point of the tip is located on the axis of rotation. Next, the residual tip motion caused by fabrication error and actuation crosstalk is modeled and a systematic method to compensate it is presented. The manipulator is fabricated and the performance of the developed scheme to control tip position during orientation change is experimentally validated. Subsequently, the two-axis probing system is demonstrated to scan the full top surface of a micropipette down to a diameter of 300 nm.
Aggregated click-through data in a homogeneous user community

There are many proposed methods for using clickthrough data for common queries to improve the quality of search results returned for that query. In this study we examine the search behaviour of users in a close-knit community on such queries. We argue that the benefit of using aggregated clickthrough data varies from task to task: it may improve document rankings for navigational or specific informational queries, but is less likely to be of value to users issuing a broad informational query.
This item is the archived peer-reviewed author-version of: Lot sizing and lead time decisions in production/inventory systems

Traditionally, lot sizing decisions in inventory management trade-oﬀ the cost of placing orders against the cost of holding inventory. However, when these lot sizes are to be produced in a ﬁnite capacity production/inventory system, the lot size has an important impact on the lead times, which in turn determine inventory levels (and costs). In this paper we study the lot sizing decision in a production/inventory setting, where lead times are determined by a queueing model that is linked endogenously to the orders placed by the inventory model. Assuming a continuous review ( s, S ) inventory policy, we develop a procedure to obtain the distribution of lead times and the distribution of inventory levels, when lead times are endogenously determined by the inventory model. We numerically show that ignoring the endogeneity of lead times may lead to inappropriate lot sizing decisions and signiﬁcantly higher costs. This cost discrepancy is very outspoken if the lot size based on the economic order quantity deviates signiﬁcantly from desirable production lot sizes. In these cases, the endogenous treatment of lead times is of particular importance.
Operating system support for application-specific speculation

Speculative execution is a technique that allows serial tasks to execute in parallel. An implementation of speculative execution can be divided into two parts: (1) a policy that specifies what operations and values to predict, what actions to allow during speculation, and how to compare results; and (2) the mechanisms that support speculative execution, such as checkpointing, rollback, causality tracking, and output buffering. In this paper, we show how to separate policy from mechanism. We implement a speculation mechanism in the operating system, where it can coordinate speculations across all applications and kernel state. Policy decisions are delegated to applications, which have the most semantic information available to direct speculation. We demonstrate how custom policies can be used in existing applications to add new features that would otherwise be difficult to implement. Using custom policies in our separated speculation system, we can hide 85% of program load time by predicting the program's launch, decrease SSL connection latency by 15% in Firefox, and increase a BFT client's request rate by 82%. Despite the complexity of the applications, small modifications can implement these features since they only specify policy choices and rely on the system to realize those policies. We provide this increased programmability with a modest performance trade-off, executing only 8% slower than an optimized, application-implemented speculation system.
Exploring the possibilities of supporting robot-assisted work places using a projection-based sensor system

We explore different kind of functions which a projection-based optical safety system may provide in the context of physical human-robot interaction (HRI). A scenario will be presented in which a collaborative workbench equipped with a robot arm is augmented by overhead cameras and a projector. Beside safe collision avoidance, this system provides additional functions like information display and augmented reality for situation awareness, interaction, as well as 3D scene capturing. We were able to achieve these features without installing additional sensor hardware all while maintaining reliable workspace supervision.