Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
and Psychopathology How Affective Science Can Inform Clinical Science : An Introduction to the Special Series on Emotions

The construct of emotion dysregulation has been used to describe and explain diverse psychopathologies. Although this is intuitively appealing and sensible, the application of emotion reactivity and regulation to the study of psychopathology has, to a large extent, proceeded independently from concepts and measures informed by affective science. Utilizing the innovative research approaches, measures, paradigms, and insights that have emerged in the burgeoning field of affective science holds substantial promise for emotion dysregulation theories of psychopathology. In this introduction to the special series on emotions and psychopathology, we review many of these advances, and highlight several broad methodological and conceptual issues that researchers seeking to continue this crosscutting work should bear in mind. We close with a brief review of the six articles that constitute the special series, noting how each exemplifies the pioneering methodological and substantive advances that are typical of the best work in this new interdisciplinary field.
Resolving phytoplankton photoprotective : photosynthetic carotenoid ratios on fine scales using in situ spectral absorption measurements

Temporal changes in phytoplankton pigments and spectral absorption were evaluated during June 1998 in East Sound, Orcas Island, Washington. High‐resolution vertical profiles of in situ spectral absorption were obtained with a Wet Labs ac‐9 (nine‐wavelength absorption and beam attenuation meter), and pigment concentrations were determined for discrete water samples using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fucoxanthin was the most abundant carotenoid, indicating the dominance of diatoms. We computed a slope index to evaluate changes in shapes of the in situ particulate absorption coefficient (ap) spectra, ap slope = (ap488 − ap532)/(ap676(488 − 532 nm)). A clear linear relationship was seen between ratios of photoprotective : photosynthetic carotenoids (PPC : PSC) and these ap slopes. While pigment package effects may alter the absorption spectra, in our data set we still found a significant relationship between pigment ratios and in situ ap slopes. Retrieval of this relationship was facilitated by the low and relatively constant detrital absorption coefficient (ad) values in our study area. Similar relationships were found between PPC:PSC ratios and the estimated phytoplankton absorption coefficient (aph) spectra. High PPC:PSC ratios and steeper ap slopes were associated with high‐light levels. Our results suggest that in situ absorption measurements can be used to estimate PPC:PSC ratios in areas where the ad contribution is low or can be estimated. These variations in pigment ratios and spectral absorption reflect photoacclimation responses and/or changes in phytoplankton species composition and suggest in situ absorption measurements may be used to estimate pigmentation changes over fine temporal and spatial scales.
A Clustering Approach to Learning Sparsely Used Overcomplete Dictionaries

We consider the problem of learning overcomplete dictionaries in the context of sparse coding, where each sample selects a sparse subset of dictionary elements. Our main result is a strategy to approximately recover the unknown dictionary using an efficient algorithm. Our algorithm is a clustering-style procedure, where each cluster is used to estimate a dictionary element. The resulting solution can often be further cleaned up to obtain a high accuracy estimate, and we provide one simple scenario where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-regularized regression can be used for such a second stage.
Heart sound diagnosis based on DTW and MFCC

Recently, more and more intelligent algorithms are applied to biomedical, which have improved the biomedical data analysis and classification greatly. In this paper, a new method of automatic identification of heart sound by using DTW (dynamic time warping) and MFCC (Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients) of heart is introduced. MFCC of heart sound are extracted, and then DTW is used to identify heart sound. The experimental results show that the methods have good performance in heart sound recognition.
The Aleksandrov-fenchel Type Inequalities for Volume Differences

In this paper we establish the Aleksandrov-Fenchel type inequality for volume differences function of convex bodies and the AleksandrovFenchel inequality for Quermassintegral differences of mixed projection bodies, respectively. As applications, we give positive solutions of two open problems. M.S.C. 2000: 52A40.
Mapping Based Automatic Instance Transformation

Ontology mapping is the most effective solution to achieve interoperability among heterogeneous ontologies. There already exists many algorithms and tools for creating mapping, but less research focus on the actual usage of the created mappings for a specific task. This paper discusses the application of ontology mapping, and proposes the framework MAIT for automatic instance transformation based on mapping, and presents relative transforming algorithms. This framework can work in any ontology-based environment such as semantic Web, and transform the instance data between source ontology and target ontology automatically. The experimental results reveal that the framework and algorithms are feasible and effective.
Rethinking the service model: Scaling Ethernet to a million nodes

Ethernet has been a cornerstone networking technology for over 30 years. During this time, Ethernet has been extended from a shared-channel broadcast network to include support for sophisticated packet switching. Its plug-and-play setup, easy management, and self-configuration capability are the keys that make it compelling for enterprise applications. Looking ahead at enterprise networking requirements in the coming years, we examine the relevance and feasibility of scaling Ethernet to one million end systems. Unfortunately, Ethernet technologies today have neither the scalability nor the reliability needed to achieve this goal. We take the position that the fundamental problem lies in Ethernet’s outdated service model that it inherited from the original broadcast network design. This paper presents arguments to support our position and proposes changing Ethernet’s service model by eliminating broadcast and station location learning.
DNA Methylation Biomarkers Predict Progression-Free and Overall Survival of Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer (mRCC) Treated with Antiangiogenic Therapies

VEGF-targeted therapy increases both the progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with metastasized renal cell cancer (mRCC). Identification of molecular phenotypes of RCC could improve risk-stratification and the prediction of the clinical disease course. We investigated whether gene-specific DNA hypermethylation can predict PFS and OS among patients undergoing anti-VEGF-based therapy. Primary tumor tissues from 18 patients receiving targeted therapy were examined retrospectively using quantitative methylation-specific PCR analysis of CST6, LAD1, hsa-miR-124-3, and hsa-miR-9-1 CpG islands. PFS and OS were analyzed for first-line and sequential antiangiogenic therapies using the log rank statistics. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for predicting first-line therapy failure. Hypermethylation of CST6 and LAD1 was associated with both a shortened PFS (log rank p = 0.009 and p = 0.004) and OS (p = 0.011 and p = 0.043). The median PFS observed for the high and low methylation groups of CST6 and LAD1 was 2.0 vs.11. 4 months. LAD1 methylation had a specificity of 1.0 (95% CI 0.65–1.0) and a sensitivity of 0.73 (95% CI 0.43–0.90) for the prediction of first-line therapy. CST6 and LAD1 methylation are candidate epigenetic biomarkers showing unprecedented association with PFS and OS as well as specificity for the prediction of the response to therapy. DNA methylation markers should be considered for the prospective evaluation of larger patient cohorts in future studies.
Towards Web Browsing for Visually Impaired People

Although a lot has been done for visually impaired people to access information with Braille screens, Braille keyboards, Braille PDAs and text-to-speech interfaces, very little has been made to reduce the amount of information they have to deal with. In this paper, we propose an automatic summarization system to ease Web browsing for visually impaired people on PDAs
Redox level-dependent impedance model for conjugated polymer actuators

The reduction-oxidation (redox) level of a conjugated polymer has significant impact on its electro-chemo-mechanical properties, such as conductivity, impedance, and Young's modulus. A redox level-dependent impedance model is developed in this paper by including the dynamics of ion diffusion, ion migration, and redox reactions. The model, in the form of a transfer function, is derived through perturbation analysis around a given redox level. Experimental measurements conducted under different redox conditions correlate well with the model prediction and thus validate the proposed model. This work, for the first time, incorporates the effect of redox level into the dynamics of conjugated polymers, and facilitates the future use of nonlinear control methods for the effective control of these materials.
Lower Bounds on the Size of Semidefinite Programming Relaxations

We introduce a method for proving lower bounds on the efficacy of semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations for combinatorial problems. In particular, we show that the cut, TSP, and stable set polytopes on n-vertex graphs are not the linear image of the feasible region of any SDP (i.e., any spectrahedron) of dimension less than 2nδ, for some constant δ > 0. This result yields the first super-polynomial lower bounds on the semidefinite extension complexity of any explicit family of polytopes. Our results follow from a general technique for proving lower bounds on the positive semidefinite rank of a matrix. To this end, we establish a close connection between arbitrary SDPs and those arising from the sum-of-squares SDP hierarchy. For approximating maximum constraint satisfaction problems, we prove that SDPs of polynomial-size are equivalent in power to those arising from degree-O(1) sum-of-squares relaxations. This result implies, for instance, that no family of polynomial-size SDP relaxations can achieve better than a 7/8-approximation for max-sat.
Research of Massive Spatiotemporal Data Mining Technology Based onCloud Computing

This paper mainly discusses developing a new mass data analysis system in the face of the challenges, based on cloud computing technology, cloud service provided by Amazon and HBase. Based on the research of the EC2, S3 and EMR service provided by Amazon and on the detailed analysis of the client reception server and data handling server of the data analysis system, this paper tries to create a preliminary model of the system. Then, each model and whole system is finalized according to actual demand. Finally, system test and performance test prove that the system can solve the problems faced by traditional data analysis system. The research runs through the whole process of data analytical system design and implementation. Firstly, we present the problem domain and requirements. By investigating the traditional data analysis system and by analyzing the problems existing in this system, we raise the developing requirements of the mas- sive data analysis system based on cloud computing, and point out that the key points of the new system implementation are receiving server and data processing design. Secondly, we design and realize each module of the massive data analysis system. Finally, results of system test and performance test prove that the new data analysis system is stable and that the requirements are satisfied.
Proof Planning and Program Synthesis: a Survey

Proof planning is a knowledge-based automated theorem proving t~hnlque. It has been applied to a number of theorem-proving domains, for example: mathematical induction (Bundy et al.1991), and hardware verification (Cantu et a/.1996) (to pick two of the many). In the domain of program synthesis, it has been used to automate the synthesis of logic (Kraan et a/.1993a, Kraan et al.1993b, Basin et al.1993, Kraan 1994, Wiggins 1994, Lacey et a/.2000, Lacey 1999), functional (Armando et al.1999, Armando et a/.1998, Smaill & Green 1996, Richardson 1995), and imperative (Stark & Ireland 1999) programs. Program synthesis is difficult, and its automation is a good demonstration of the power and potential of proof planning. In this paper, we survey previous work on applying proof planning to program synthesis. This survey is not necessarily exhaustive -we have inevitably inadvertently overlooked a paper or two. Due to space considerations we completely omit any comparison with previous or other related non-proof planning synthesis research. In the following sections we first say a few words about proof planning, then summarise previous work applying proof planning to program synthesis, paying particular attention to the following: specification language and synthesis mechanism, language of derived programs, domain, platform, and level of automation. We contemplate the successes and difficulties of the different approaches, and speculate on directions for further research.
Audioptimization: goal-based acoustic design

The authors present a new inverse, interactive approach to acoustic design that applies optimization techniques to an acoustic simulation system. For a new building, the system may suggest optimal configurations that would not otherwise be considered; for a hall with modifiable components or for a renovation project, it may assist in optimizing an existing configuration. Our system allows the designer to constrain changes to the environment and specify acoustic performance goals as a function of time. The constraints include the specification of a range of allowable materials as well as geometric modifications for surfaces in the hall. The designer also specifies goals for acoustic performance in space and time via high-level acoustic qualities such as decay time and sound level. Using this information, the system performs a constrained optimization of surface material and geometric parameters for a subset of elements in the environment. The system operates at varying accuracy levels, offering trade-offs between time and quality. Visualization tools facilitate an intuitive assessment of the complex time-dependent nature of sound, and they provide a means to express desired performance. By using optimization routines within an interactive application, our system reveals complex acoustic properties and steers the design process toward the designer's goals.
STRUCTURE OF STATIONARY STRONG IMBALANCED TURBULENCE

In this paper, we systematically study the spectrum and structure of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence by means of high-resolution direct numerical simulations. We considered both balanced and imbalanced (cross-helical) cases and simulated sub-Alfvénic as well as trans-Alfvénic turbulence. This paper, extends numerics preliminarily reported in Beresnyak & Lazarian. We confirm that driven imbalanced turbulence has a stationary state even for high degrees of imbalance. Our major finding is that the structure of the dominant and subdominant Alfvénic components are notably different. Using the most robust observed quantities, such as the energy ratio, we believe we can reject several existing models of strong imbalanced turbulence.
Intentions among Incarcerated Serious Juvenile Offenders

The University Repository is a digital collection of the research output of the University, available on Open Access. Copyright and Moral Rights for the items on this site are retained by the individual author and/or other copyright owners. Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or not­for­profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided:
Hardwood lumber scanning tests to determine NHLA lumber grades

This paper concerns the scanning, and grading of kiln-dried hardwood lumber. A prototype system is described that uses laser sources and a video camera to scan boards. The system automatically detects defects and wane, grades the boards, and then searches for higher value boards within the original board. The goal is to derive maximum commercial value based on current market lumber prices. This paper presents the results of an empirical test in which the system‟s grading decisions are compared with those assigned by a human expert. The tests involved 86 yellow-poplar boards and 90 red oak boards. The automated system assigned higher grades for 17% of the boards, and lower grades for 43% of the boards. The main cause of disagreement was the presence of stains on the board, both natural and mechanical, which were occasionally classified by the scanning system as defects. The system also recommended additional edging or trimming on 42% of the boards to increase the grade and value of the boards. Overall, the automated system performed well on typical cases of planed, kiln-dried boards.
Optimizing LeanMD on Blue Gene / L Machine

We have taken leanMD, a molecular dynamics application developed at PPL, and tried to optimize its performance on the Blue Gene architecture. We examined the sequential and parallel performance of leanMD both in terms of execution time and memory usage. We identified the hot spots which restrict sequential performance. To boost parallel performance, we attempted to optimize the calculation of long range electrostatic forces and used topology aware mapping to reduce communication on the Blue Gene torus network. We obtained a significant reduction in the memory usage and a small reduction in the execution time.
QoS-guarantee method for public wireless LAN access environments

This paper proposes a frame queuing algorithm to improve scalability and manageability for the quality of service (QoS) guaranteed wireless LAN (WLAN) access point (AP) using a simple mechanism. The IEEE 802.11e standard can be used as QoS-guarantee technology in the existing WLAN communication. However, if a lot of terminals access the same AP such as in a public WLAN access environment, an AP that supports the IEEE 802.11e standard cannot provide adequate QoS-guaranteed communication. This is because the AP's capability depends on the allocated communication time of wireless channels per unit of time, and the allocated time is determined by the WLAN's physical data speed and the frame size of the service application. So we propose a frame queuing algorithm considering these features of WLAN's commutation and apply it to the 802.11e standard. And we evaluate it by the computer simulation and confirm its advantage.
Extraction of Dynamic Region of Interest ( ROI ) for Palmprint

Palmprint authentication is a means of personal authentication that uses unique palmprint features. Palmprint is obtained by just scanning the user's palm on the platform of the scanner when scanning is performed. So, it is subjected to various physical disturbances such as variable size, noise and orientation, which will degrade the verification process. Therefore image preprocessing plays an important role in palmprint recognition. Preprocessing is a technique of aligning different palmprint images, obtaining coordinate systems and to segment the central region for feature extraction. The proposed algorithm focuses on extraction of Dynamic Region Of Interest (ROI) from the palmprint image. Most of the existing work uses static region from palmprint not utilizing a significant portion of the palm. Intuitively, the larger area captures more distinctive features when compared to fixed size ROI. The experimentations are performed on the PolyU database to validate the proposed algorithm.
Linguistic evaluation of translation errors in Chinese-English machine translations of patent titles

The title of an invention allows the reader to understand the significance of a patent claim, and the wording of the title recurs throughout the subsequent patent documentation. If the translation of the title is erroneous, the quality of the translation in other parts of the patent documentation also suffers. This research involved using linguistic evaluation to identify common translation errors in Chinese–English machine translations of patent titles and examine the quality of machine-translated patent titles. Special focus was placed on orthographic, morphological, lexical, semantic, and syntactic errors found in patent titles. We sought to answer the following questions: (1) What are the trends in the application of machine translation in the Taiwan Intellectual Property Office (TIPO)? (2) How is the quality of machine translation controlled at TIPO? (3) What are common errors in machine-translated patent titles? Through analysis of our findings, it is possible to estimate the level of effort required from a posteditor following translation, and to suggest methods of improving machine translations of patent titles. This study also generates information applicable to the training of patent translators and posteditors.
INTERRUPTIONS IN GROUP DISCUSSIONS: THE EFFECTS OF GENDER AND GROUP COMPOSITION*

Conversations both reflect and maintain social inequalities. They import hierarchical structures from larger society and help perpetuate them by creating inequalities in the ability to accomplish interactional goals. In this study of speaker transitions in six-person, task-oriented experimental groups, we explore the well-known finding that men interrupt women more frequently than women interrupt men. We ask three questions about the structure of interruptions. Who attempts to interrupt whom and under what conditions? How does the affective character of interruptions vary across speakers and groups? What determines whether an interruption succeeds? We find that gender inequality in these task-oriented discussions is created by a mixture of attempts to use power and of differential success. In their interruptions, men discriminate by sex in attempts and in yielding to interruptions by others. Women interrupt and yield the floor to males and females equally. The sex composition of the group affects interruption patterns in complex ways. Men interrupt men with supportive comments in all-male groups, but these supportive interruptions drop as the number of women in the group increases. Supportive interruptions also succeed in gaining the floor more often in single-sex groups. Taken together, the results suggest a mixture of status and conflict models and reaffirm the importance of group composition in interaction.
The Instruction-Set Extension Problem: A Survey

The extension of a given instruction-set with specialized instructions has become a common technique used to speed up the execution of applications. By identifying computationally intensive portions of an application to be partitioned in segments of code to execute in software and segments of code to execute in hardware, the execution of an application can be considerably speeded up. Each segment of code implemented in hardware can then be seen as a specialized application-specific instruction extending a given instruction-set. Although a number of approaches exist in literature proposing different methodologies to customize an instruction-set, the description of the problem consists only of sporadic comparisons limited to isolated problems. This survey presents a unique detailed description of the problem and provides an exhaustive overview of the research in the past years in instruction-set extension. This article presents a thorough analysis of the issues involved during the customization of an instruction-set by means of a set of specialized application-specific instructions. The investigation of the problem covers both instruction generation and instruction selection and different kinds of customizations are analyzed in a great detail.