Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Third-line therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE With the improvements in first- and second-line treatments in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there is an increasing number of patients who receive third-line therapy. No other standard choice for third-line therapy aside from erlotinib is possible. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of single-agent chemotherapy, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), doublet chemotherapy and chemo-targeted therapy as third-line treatment in advanced NSCLC. METHODS This study included 233 stage IIIb or IV NSCLC patients who were retrospectively reviewed to explore the differences in survival between different treatments. RESULTS The median progression free survival (PFS) in the EGFR-TKIs, single-agent, doublet and chemo-targeted groups was 3.83, 2.72, 2.86 and 3.29 months, respectively (p = 0.073). The median OS from the initiation of the third-line treatment was 11.16, 8.24, 8.49 and 9.33 months in the 4 groups (p=0.02). The rates of grade IIIIV toxicities were 16.4, 27.6, 57.3 and 44.0% ( p <0.001), respectively with the third-line treatment, and overall survival (OS) was prolonged in patients who never smoked (p=0.040), had adenocarcinoma (p=0.034), had good ECOG performance status (PS) (p=0.012) and achieved disease control after both first-and second-line treatments (p =0.031). CONCLUSION Patients with advanced NSCLC who never smoked, had adenocarcinoma, have good PS, and good disease control from the first- and second-line therapies could benefit more with third-line treatment. EGFR-TKIs and chemo-targeted therapy showed increased OS compared with single-agent and doublet chemotherapy.
Signatures of long-lived gluinos in split supersymmetry

The authors examine the experimental signatures for the production of gluinos at colliders and in cosmic rays within the split supersymmetry scenario. Unlike in the MSSM, the gluinos in this model are relatively long-lived due to the large value of the squark masses which mediate their decay. Searches at colliders are found to be sensitive to the nature of gluino fragmentation as well as the gluino-hadron interactions with nuclei and energy deposition as it traverses the detector. They find that the worst-case scenario, where a neutral gluino-hadron passes through the detector with little energy deposition, is well described by a monojet signature. For this case, using Run I data they obtain a bound of m{sub {bar g}} > 170 GeV; this will increase to 210(1100) GeV at Run II(LHC) if no excess events are observed. In the opposite case, where a charged gluino-hadron travels through the detector, a significantly greater reach is obtained via stable charged particle search techniques. The authors also examine the production of gluino pairs in the atmosphere by cosmic rays and show they are potentially observable at IceCube; this would provide a cross-check for observations at hadron colliders.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Protein Adsorption on Energetically Heterogeneous Surfaces

The modified triangular-well potential model was applied to incorporate the effect of surface energy on the adsorption of particles or proteins on energetically heterogeneous surfaces. The method is convenient in simulating the adsorption on heterogeneous surface of which different region possesses different free energy. Spherical particles with attractive forces were added on the surface and underwent surface diffusion before they were quenched in place. It was seen that the ratio of surface energies of two regions had to be greater than 10 in order to simulate the adsorption in which the particles were selectively adsorbed on a favorable area. At a fixed ratio of surface energies, the obtained structures were similar. If the ratio was less than 10, the probability of adsorption on any site on the surface was not much different so the adsorption would be homogeneous adsorption. The method, thus, could be applied widely to simulate the adsorption of various conditions.
On BC1 RNA and the fragile X mental retardation protein

To the editor: Iacoangeli et al. (1) set out to reexamine our model that FMRP and the noncoding RNA BC1 act together to bind to mRNAs (2). Basing conclusions entirely on an inability to find this specific interaction, the authors suggest that FMRP and BC1 operate independently. Repeated statements suggesting experimental procedures are “replicating” those in ref. 2 imply the authors tried to rigorously reproduce our experiments. This is patently untrue. Numerous important experimental differences easily explain the negative results: different FMRP protein sources, different antibodies, and different experimental procedures.
Building Lemmas Using Examples

We present a heuristic for automated lemma discovery that generates lemmas that might help ACL2 in proving theorems like ∀x : t1(x) = t2(x). This heuristic exploits manually created examples of x. These examples are used to produce ground terms t′1 and t ′ 2, for which semantical models are built. In order to generate useful intermediate lemmas, we search for a specific pattern in these two models. The lemmas suggested by our heuristic are of the form ∀x : h(g1(x)) = h(f1(x)). A lemma is suggested if and only if t′1 and t ′ 2 can be rewritten as terms containing subterms h(g1(a)) and h(f1(a)) respectively, such that h(g1(a)) = h(f1(a)) but g1(a) 6= f1(a). We explain how to search for these patterns and how to build lemmas from a collection of ground equalities.
Evolving Team Behaviour for Real Robots

We report on recent work in which we employed artificial evolution to design neural network con- trollers for small, homogeneous teams of mobile autonomous robots. The robots are evolved to perform a formation movement task from ran- dom starting positions, equipped only with in- frared sensors. The dual constraints of homogene- ity and minimal sensors make this a non-trivial task. We describe the behaviour of a successful evolved team in which robots adopt and main- tain functionally distinct roles in order to achieve the task. We believe this to be the first example of the use of artificial evolution to design coordi- nated, cooperative behaviour for real robots.
Regulation of CaMKII signaling in cardiovascular disease

Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of death in the developed countries (Murray and Lopez, 1996; Koitabashi and Kass, 2012). Adverse cardiac remodeling that precedes heart muscle dysfunction is characterized by a myriad of molecular changes affecting the cardiomyocyte. Among these, alterations in protein kinase pathways play often an important mediator role since they link upstream pathologic stress signaling with downstream regulatory programs and thus affect both the structural and functional integrity of the heart muscle. In the context of cardiac disease, a profound understanding for the overriding mechanisms that regulate protein kinase activity (protein-protein interactions, post-translational modifications, or targeting via anchoring proteins) is crucial for the development of specific and effective pharmacological treatment strategies targeting the failing myocardium. In this review, we focus on several mechanisms of upstream regulation of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II that play a relevant pathophysiological role in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease; precise targeting of these mechanisms might therefore represent novel and promising tools for prevention and treatment of HF.
Deep brain stimulation in the treatment of obesity A review

625 HigH-frequency deep brain stimulation is the treatment of choice for well-selected patients with medically refractory PD. Deep brain stimulation provides significant symptomatic improvement in parkinsonism in both animal and human studies,31,56 and at high frequencies (130–160 Hz) mimics the clinical effects of tissue lesioning.6,9,11 In contrast to stereotactic lesions, however, DBS provides the added benefit of reversibility and titratability,28 as well as a very low risk of complications.27,118 Excessive or aberrant output from the STN, currently the most favored target for DBS in PD, is postulated to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of this disease.1 Given the remarkable improvement in parkinsonism, high-frequency STN DBS appears to induce functional inhibition of this region.9 Indeed, some have shown that high-frequency STN DBS has an inhibitory effect on STN single unit activity.111 There is evidence that the primary effect of DBS is related to the frequency of stimulation,58 but the precise mechanism of action remains unclear, whether it be excitatory59 or inhibitory in nature.60,73,111 The success of DBS in relieving parkinsonism has led to its application in multiple neurological diseases and more recently to treatment-resistant psychiatric conditions.39 The purpose of this paper is to motivate the neurosurgical community to consider DBS for obesity control. Obesity is a chronic disease with well-substantiated neuropsychiatric underpinnings. Appetite and satiety centers in the brain have been well-documented93 and thus represent primary areas for investigation.21,97,98 Many studies have indicated that the reward sensation associated with food intake is also largely implicated in the pathophysiology of obesity.7,44,123 In support of this concept, it was recently proposed that obesity be included as a mental disorder in the next (fifth) edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). 119 Below, we review 3 potential neural targets for DBS believed to be involved in the excessive consumption of food in obesity. 625 634
Weighted Fast Dynamic Time Warping based multi-view human activity recognition using a RGB-D sensor

In this paper, a real time multi-view human activity recognition model using a RGB-D (Red Green Blue-Depth) sensor is proposed. The method receives as input RGB-D data streams in real time from a Kinect for Windows V2 sensor. Initially, a skeleton-tracking algorithm is applied which gives 3D joint information of 25 unique joints. The presented approach uses a weighted version of the Fast Dynamic Time Warping that weighs the importance of each skeleton joint towards the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) similarity cost. To recognize multi-view human activities, the weighted Dynamic Time Warping warps a time sequence of joint positions to reference time sequences and produces a similarity value. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is robust, flexible and efficient with respect to multiple views activity recognition, scale and phase variations activities at different realistic scenes.
Can Doll therapy preserve or promote attachment in people with cognitive, behavioral, and emotional problems? A pilot study in institutionalized patients with dementia

Doll therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention aimed at reducing behavioral and psychological disorders in institutionalized patients with dementia. This therapy as a care tool has been integrated into the context of long-term care institutions, in which the need to find solutions to cognitive, behavioral and emotional problems showed by people with dementia meets the primary objective of developing good care practices focusing on patients and their needs. In the present work we adopt the Bowlby’s theory of attachment to investigate the effectiveness of Doll therapy. The hypothesis that we here propose is that the emotional experience of the person with dementia during Doll therapy activates caregiving and exploration systems together with the attachment one. To test this hypothesis we compared institutionalized patients with dementia undergoing Doll therapy with a control group and assessed measures of the relational dimension with the environment, such as gaze direction, behaviors of exploration, and behaviors of caregiving. We used an experimental protocol consisting of 10 non-consecutive sessions structured with the goal of recreating a situation of (1) separation from a known figure and (2) interaction with the environment in order to partially recreate the prototypical phases of the “Strange situation. ” All sessions were videotaped and analyzed through an observational grid. Results support the effectiveness of Doll therapy in promoting and maintaining the affective-relational dimension of attachment-caregiving and the attentive dimension of exploration in patients with advanced stage of dementia. Thus, our results suggest that the use of Doll therapy promotes clinically significant improvements in the ability to relate with the surrounding world. This may be important for managing and caring for patients with dementia in institutionalized context.
Fault tolerance for high-performance multi-module VLSI systems using micro rollback

In order to achieve fault tolerance, highly reliable systems often require hardware-supported concurrent error detection for all system components. Checkers are connected in the communication paths from each module to the rest of the system, reducing system performance by requiring either longer clock cycles or additional pipeline stages. The performance penalty of concurrent error detection can be minimized by performing the checks in parallel with the transmission of information between modules, thus removing the delay for detection from the critical path. Erroneous information may thus reach a module several clock cycles before an error indication. Operations based on this information are ‘‘undone’’ using micro rollback — a hardware mechanism for rapid rollback of a few cycles. In this paper we show how micro rollback can be efficiently implemented in complex VLSI systems consisting of multiple modules which interact asynchronously. The implementation of key building blocks in CMOS VLSI is described and evaluated.
Bibliometric research in occupational health.

is the use of mathematical techniques to investigate publishing and communication patterns in the distribution of information 1). A subset of bibliometrics which examines where and when references are cited, otherwise known as citation analysis, represents one of the most common methods in this field 2). Although early studies had investigated the journals of chemistry 3) , engineering 4) and physiology 5) , much of their analysis involved simply counting the number of citations received by each particular journal. This approach is problematic however, as larger journals which publish a correspondingly larger number of articles will tend to attract a larger number of citations, regardless of their value to the field. On the other hand, articles published in some of the smaller journals from smaller research disciplines, may not attract the same number of citations, even though their value to that particular field is high 6). In one of the first attempts at finding an objective method for journal evaluation, Casey 7) investigated the influence of American and British periodicals on medical progress. Interestingly, only one occupational health journal was mentioned in this study, the Journal of Industrial Hygiene. One of the earliest bibliometric investigations specifically conducted in the field of occupational health was published in 1992 by McCunney and Harzbecker 8) , who reported that occupational medicine journals were 50 times more likely to cite the general medical literature than vice versa. The same authors also looked at environmental health periodicals in another article published in the same year 9) , with the authors finding that by 1990, speciality journals had published more articles indexed under the MeSH heading 'environmental pollution' than 15 yr previous. In a 1996 article, Takahashi et al. 10) reported that epidemiology was now assuming greater importance for occupational health literature, with the proportion of source items indexed under the term 'epi-demiology' having increased over threefold between 1980 and 1990. The concept was then followed up by Sizaret and Kauffmann 11) in a letter. In 1998, Gehanno et al. 12) looked at the performance of various bibliographic databases in retrieving information in the field of occupational and environmental toxicology, finding that no single database provided all a researcher's needs. In somewhat of a pioneering move, Takahashi et al. 13) proposed an alternative to 'journal-based' impact factors in 1999, suggesting that 'topic-based' measures might be more appropriate. Their article attracted the attention of Eugene Garfield himself …
Discrete self-similarity and critical point behavior in fluctuations about extremal black holes.

The issues of scaling symmetry and critical point behavior are studied for fluctuations about extremal charged black holes. We consider the scattering and capture of the spherically symmetric mode of a charged, massive test field on the background spacetime of a black hole with charge $Q$ and mass $M$. The spacetime geometry near the horizon of a $|Q|=M$ black hole has a scaling symmetry, which is absent if $|Q|<M$, a scale being introduced by the surface gravity. We show that this symmetry leads to the existence of a self-similiar solution for the charged field near the horizon, and further, that there is a one parameter family of discretely self-similiar solutions . The scaling symmetry, or lack thereof, also shows up in correlation length scales, defined in terms of the rate at which the influence of an external source coupled to the field dies off. It is shown by constructing the Greens functions, that an external source has a long range influence on the extremal background, compared to a correlation length scale which falls off exponentially fast in the $|Q|<M$ case. Finally it is shown that in the limit of $\Delta \equiv (1-{Q^2 \overM^2} )^{1\over 2} \rightarrow 0$ in the background spacetime, that infinitesimal changes in the black hole area vary like $\Delta ^{1\over 2}$.
Driver Distraction and Reliance: Adaptive Cruise Control in the Context of Sensor Reliability and Algorithm Limits

This study investigated how system failures influenced drivers’ reliance on Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC). A medium-fidelity driving simulator was used to evaluate the effect of driving condition (traffic, rain) and automation (manual control, ACC) on headway maintenance and brake response. In conditions of rain, the signal continuity of the ACC sensors was degraded and in conditions of heavy traffic, the braking limits of the ACC system were exceeded. Dependent variables included response time to lead vehicle (LV) braking, number of collisions, and both time headway (THW) and time-to-collision (TTC) at instant of the brake response. Throughout the drive, a continuous (forced-paced) secondary task was introduced to determine how an in-vehicle task interacted with ACC reliance. Results showed that the failure type influenced driver’s reliance on ACC with drivers relying more on ACC in traffic periods than in rain periods. ACC appeared to offer a safety benefit when drivers were distracted with complex mental tasks in periods of heavy traffic.
Monoid of self-equivalences and free loop spaces

Let M be a simply-connected closed oriented N-dimensional manifold. We prove that for any field of coefficients lk there exists a natural homomorphism of commutative graded algebras Gamma : H-*(Omega aut(1)M) --> H*(M-S1) where H-*(M-S1) = H*+N(M-S1) is the loop algebra defined by Chas and Sullivan. As usual aut(1)X denotes the monoid of self-equivalences homotopic to the identity, and OmegaX the space of based loops. When lk is of characteristic zero, Gamma yields isomorphisms H-(1)(n+N) (M-S1) congruent to (pi(n)(Omegaaut(1)M) x lk)(boolean OR) where +(infinity)(l=1) H-(l)(n)(M-S1) denotes the Hodge decomposition on H*(M-S1).
Interferometry by Deconvolution of Multicomponent Multioffset GPR Data

Interferometric techniques are now well known to retrieve data between two receivers by the cross correlation of the data recorded by these receivers. Cross-correlation methods for interferometry rely mostly on the assumption that the medium is loss free and that the sources are all around the receivers. A recently developed method introduced interferometry by deconvolution that is insensitive to loss mechanisms by principle and requires sources only on one side of the receivers. In this paper, we develop such method for ground-penetrating radar, illustrate the concept, and discuss implications for practical applications with numerical examples.
Dual Reporter System for In Situ Detection of Plasmid Transfer under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions

ABSTRACT We designed a new genetic tool to detect plasmid transfer under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The system is based on the T7 RNA polymerase gene and a T7 promoter-driven oxygen-independent green fluorescent protein, evoglow, alone or in combination with red fluorescent protein DsRed. Constructs are available as plasmids and mini-mariner transposons.
Network Security Risk Assessment Based on Service Dependency Analysis

Utilizing computer aided security risk assessment, administrators can apperceive network security situation quickly and take countermeasures effectively. Most assessment methods disregard the dependencies among services, lack the evaluation against indirect risks, and seldom mention the composition of multiple source risks. Regarding the above problems, an assessment method that based on service dependency analysis is presented, which identifies the dependencies among services from operating system management information and network communication monitoring records, integrates correlative services into the network service architecture, assesses the indirect risks that propagate along dependency chains, and composes the risks that come from multiple vulnerabilities via multiple paths. Experiment indicates that the method can assess the overall risk more precisely, comprehensively and thoroughly.
Can plant–natural enemy communication withstand disruption by biotic and abiotic factors?

Abstract The attraction of natural enemies towards herbivore‐induced plant volatiles is a well‐documented phenomenon. However, the majority of published studies are carried under optimal water and nutrient regimes and with just one herbivore. But what happens when additional levels of ecological complexity are added? Does the presence of a second herbivore, microorganisms, and abiotic stress interfere with plant–natural enemy communication? or is communication stable enough to withstand disruption by additional biotic and abiotic factors? Investigating the effects of these additional levels of ecological complexity is key to understanding the stability of tritrophic interactions in natural ecosystems and may aid to forecast the impact of environmental disturbances on these, especially in climate change scenarios, which are often associated with modifications in plant and arthropod species distribution and increased levels of abiotic stress. This review explores the literature on natural enemy attraction to herbivore‐induced volatiles when, besides herbivory, plants are challenged by additional biotic and abiotic factors. The aim of this review was to establish the impact of different biotic and abiotic factors on plant–natural enemy communication and to highlight critical aspects to guide future research efforts.