Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flexibility and labour management: Chinese manufacturing enterprises in the 1990s

The rapid economic growth and structural reform that have taken place in China over the past two decades have had a substantial impact on the system of labour management in Chinese manufacturing enterprises. The purpose of this article is to document and analyse the nature of these changes in state-owned enterprises and joint venture companies. The effect of these changes on work relations, employment relations and industrial relations will form the basis of the analysis. The emphasis in the analysis will be on how work, employment and industrial relations have accommodated the demand for greater flexibility. Labour management in six manufacturing firms in the Shanghai region will be examined. This research is a pilot project for a larger-scale research in 1999. While no attempt is made to generalize the research findings, the research clarifies the extent and limits of flexibility in the current Chinese economy.
Genome Sequence of Strain HIMB30, a Novel Member of the Marine Gammaproteobacteria

ABSTRACT Strain HIMB30 was isolated from coastal Hawaii seawater by extinction culturing in seawater-based oligotrophic medium. It is a phylogenetically unique member of the class Gammaproteobacteria that is only distantly related to its closest cultured relatives. Here we present the genome sequence of strain HIMB30, including genes for proteorhodopsin-based phototrophy and the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle.
Intraday Trading of Wind Energy

In this paper, we tackle the problem of a wind power producer participating in a short-term electricity market that allows for the continuous, but potentially illiquid, intraday trading of energy. Considering the realistic case of a wind farm operating in the western Danish price area of Nord Pool, we build a simple but effective algorithm for the wind power producer to fully benefit from the Elbas intraday market. We then investigate the sensitivity of the obtained benefits to the maximum volume of energy the wind power producer is willing to trade in the intraday market, the ultimate aim of the trade (either to decrease energy imbalances or to increase profits) and to the installed capacity of the wind farm. Our numerical results reveal that the wind power producer can substantially increase his revenues by partaking in the intraday market but with diminishing returns to scale-a result that we attribute to the low liquidity of Elbas.
The Role of Acquisition of Foreign Technology in Taiwanese Growth

This article argues that one source of Taiwan's exceptionally rapid growth rate in value added per worker in manufacturing was its ability to tap the accumulated technology of more advanced industrial nations. The impact of technology embodied in new equipment is quantified. The role of knowledge transfers from purchasers of exports, consultants, technology licensing agreements, returning Taiwanese nationals educated abroad and foreign direct investment is documented. It is argued that considerable local effort was expended to assimilate successfully the transferred technology. Copyright 2001 by Oxford University Press.
‘Mission impossible’, but mission accomplished: the Kinnock reforms and the European Commission

The Kinnock reforms have unsurprisingly attracted attention, but important aspects have been overlooked in existing accounts. Closer inspection reveals three puzzles: an atypical pattern of administrative change, where a ‘big bang’ reform followed four decades of inaction; the adoption of a more radical set of measures by the Commission than was demanded of it; and the successful implementation of a far-reaching reform programme in defiance of the expectations of leading theories of administrative change. This article argues that these puzzles contradict the conclusion suggested by a casual reading of the developments. They reveal not an arrogant institution oblivious to its shortcomings and forced to change by external diktat, but an organization in a reform predicament: aware of its failings, but unable to remedy them through its own action. When crisis forced member governments to intervene, the Commission in a case of self-reform under delegation seized the ‘once-in-a-generation’ opportunity to implement an internal reform agenda.
La pubblica amministrazione in Italia tra organizzazione e gestione del personale

The present article analyses, in outline, the work organization and the human resources management in the Italian public administration . In the first chapter it analyses the historical development of the public administration and the organ ization with particular reference to the French and the Anglo-Saxon experience. In the second chapter it analyses the relationship and the actual human resources management in the Italian public administration and also it tries to individualize the individual and legal obstacles, t keep them from the efficiency. The diversified phases of relationship, the formati ve aspects and the evaluated system services, are examined closely in the light of expected for the lbetter understand, which are actually the rea l spaces for a system modification. In the third chapter it dwells upon the actual work organization and finally it presents the possible development of the Italian public administration as dictates of recent theory. Each chapter is also furnished with concrete experi ences, that can better to give to understand what happens in the complicated Italian bureaucrat appar atus and also it tries to point out whether the positive or the negative side of those transformati on in accorded to Socrates’ consideration that before changing or improving something there is no be tter that to lean himself better. L’articolo presentato si propone di analizzare, sia pur per sommi capi, l’organizzazione del lavoro e la gestione delle risorse umane nella pubblica amminis trazione italiana. Il lavoro dopo aver analizzato nel primo capitolo l o sviluppo storico della pubblica amministrazione e della sua organizzazione con particolare rifer imento all’esperienza francese e a quella anglosassone si sofferma nel secondo capitolo sul rapporto di lavoro e sulla gestione attuale delle risorse um ane nella pubblica amministrazione italiana cercando di individuare gli ostacoli concettuali e giuridic i che ne impediscono l’efficienza. Le varie fasi del rapporto di lavoro, gli aspetti f ormativi e i sistemi valutativi delle prestazioni vengono approfonditi alla luce di quanto previsto d alla normativa per comprendere meglio quali sono, attualmente, gli spazi reali per una modifica del s istema.
Determinants of Grievance Outcomes: A Case Study

Analyzing 1,160 grievance cases from the Canadian federal sector, all of which were resolved short of arbitration, the authors find that the highest percentages of decisions favorable to grievants occur in the early steps of the grievance procedure; the grievances of higher-paid employees are more likely to be granted than are those of lower-paid employees; and grievance outcomes vary depending on the nature of the issue, with grievances over working conditions most likely to be granted and grievances over assignment of work duties least likely to be granted.
Quantitative Methods in Credit Management: A Survey

Many static and dynamic models have been used to assist decision making in the area of consumer and commercial credit. The decisions of interest include whether to extend credit, how much credit to extend, when collections on delinquent accounts should be initiated, and what action should be taken. We survey the use of discriminant analysis, decision trees, and expert systems for static decisions, and dynamic programming, linear programming, and Markov chains for dynamic decision models. Since these models do not operate in a vacuum, we discuss some important aspects of credit management in practice, e.g., legal considerations, sources of data, and statistical validation of the methodology. We provide our perspective on the state-of-the-art in theory and in practice.
Rab6‐interacting Protein 1 Links Rab6 and Rab11 Function

Rab11 and Rab6 guanosine triphosphatases are associated with membranes of the recycling endosomes (REs) and Golgi complex, respectively. Evidence indicates that they sequentially regulate a retrograde transport pathway between these two compartments, suggesting the existence of proteins that must co‐ordinate their functions. Here, we report the characterization of two isoforms of a protein, Rab6‐interacting protein 1 (R6IP1), originally identified as a Rab6‐binding protein. R6IP1 also binds to Rab11A in its GTP‐bound conformation. In interphase cells, R6IP1 is targeted to the Golgi in a Rab6‐dependent manner but can associate with Rab11‐positive compartments when the level of Rab11A is increased within the cells. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis using fluorescence lifetime imaging shows that the overexpression of R6IP1 promotes an interaction between Rab11A and Rab6 in living cells. Accordingly, the REs marked by Rab11 and transferrin receptor are depleted from the cell periphery and accumulate in the pericentriolar area. However, endosomal and Golgi membranes do not appear to fuse with each other. We also show that R6IP1 function is required during metaphase and cytokinesis, two mitotic steps in which a role of Rab6 and Rab11 has been previously documented. We propose that R6IP1 may couple Rab6 and Rab11 function throughout the cell cycle.
The Effects of Inhibitors and anti-GTF-Ib antibodyon Growth of Mutans Streptococci Streptococcus sobrinus (serotype G) N10 Strain

In this study the effect of different concentrations of inhibitors (sodium fluoride, chlorohexidine, EDTA and ZAK mouthrins) was tested on the growth of Streptococcus sobrinusserotype G N10 strain by using broth dilution method ( in liquid media) and diffusion method on solid media. It was found that different concentrations of antiGTF-Ibantibody and EDTA were incapable to inhibit the growth of bacterial isolate whereas the inhibitors (sodium chloride and chlorohexidine ) at concentrations (18 mM) and (20mM) respectively were capable to produce a complete bacterial inhibition, and ZAK mouthrins at concentration (12mM) was able also to inhibit the bacterial growth by using broth dilution method. Also the effect of the same concentrations of these compounds within which anti – GTF-Ib antibody were tested on the enzymatic activity of purified GTF-Ib enzyme which was isolated from the same bacterial isolate. It was found that different concentrations of these compounds and the antiGTF-Ibantibody were able to inhibit the enzymatic activity of the purified GTF-Ib with an exception of EDTA.
A New Vanguard for the Environment: Grass-Roots Ecosystem Management as a New Environmental Movement

The emergence of hundreds of rural, place-based, grass-roots ecosystem management (GREM) efforts across the United States constitutes a new environmental movement that challenges the fundamental premises of existing natural resources and public lands institutions. This article establishes GREM as qualitatively distinct from prior American environmental movements and as a fundamentally different approach to the environmental problematique, which relies on decentralization, collaboration, citizen participation, and a holistic worldview that seeks to simultaneously promote environment, economy, and community. GREM is compared with the three major American environmental movements preservation, conservation, and contemporary along several dimensions: ideology, movement character, preferred institutions, and approach of each to science, technology, and the question of limits to growth. While not all aspects of GREM are new, it is a grand synthesis that borrows readily from past movements, adds new ideas and approaches to environmental management, and transforms the whole into a distinctive movement worthy of study.
Naphthyridines as Novel BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitors

Bromodomains (BRDs) are small protein domains found in a variety of proteins that recognize and bind to acetylated histone tails. This binding affects chromatin structure and facilitates the localisation of transcriptional complexes to specific genes, thereby regulating epigenetically controlled processes including gene transcription and mRNA elongation. Inhibitors of the bromodomain and extra‐terminal (BET) proteins BRD2–4 and T, which prevent bromodomain binding to acetyl‐modified histone tails, have shown therapeutic promise in several diseases. We report here the discovery of 1,5‐naphthyridine derivatives as potent inhibitors of the BET bromodomain family with good cell activity and oral pharmacokinetic parameters. X‐ray crystal structures of naphthyridine isomers have been solved and quantum mechanical calculations have been used to explain the higher affinity of the 1,5‐isomer over the others. The best compounds were progressed in a mouse model of inflammation and exhibited dose‐dependent anti‐inflammatory pharmacology.
Unique Extrapolation of Polynomial Recurrences

Let a sequence of k-dimensional vectors ${\bf x}_0 ,{\bf x}_1 , \cdots $ (over a ring A) be determined by a polynomial recurrence of form ${\bf x}_n = T({\bf x}_{n - 1} )$, where $T:A^k \to A^k $ itself is known to be a polynomial map in k variables of degree at most d but is otherwise unknown. We show that there is a finite N such that the entire sequence $\{ {\bf x}_n :n \geqq 0\} $ can be deduced from the first $N + 1$ terms ${\bf x}_0 ,{\bf x}_1 , \cdots ,{\bf x}_N $ alone. The number $N = \phi (d,k,A)$ depends on d and k and the ring A but not on T.Let $\phi ^ * (d,k)$ denote the maximum of $\phi (d,k,A)$ over all commutative rings with unit. Then we show that $\phi ^ * (d,k) < \infty $. In particular, $\phi ^ * (d,1) = d + 1$ and $\phi ^ * (1,k) = k + 1$. In the general case $\phi ^ * (d,k) \geqq \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {k + d} \\ k \\ \end{array} } \right)$ and equality does not always hold because $\phi ^ * (2,2) \geqq 7$. In addition, we show that for each k that $\max \{ \phi (d,k,{\bf F}).
Sofosbuvir Has Come Out of the Magic Box

After the introduction of hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination, which leaded to a dramatically decrease of HBV prevalence in the communities (1), it is predicted that hepatitis C virus (HCV) will emerge as the most common chronic viral liver disease in the next decades (2, 3). The global prevalence of HCV is at least 3% with over 170 million infected cases (4). The treatment regimens for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) have progressed within the past decade. The current standard of care in our country consisting of pegylated interferon alpha (PegIFNα) and ribavirin (RBV), has significantly improved the sustained virological response (SVR) rates from 50% up to 80% in patients infected with different HCV genotypes (5, 6). Iranian patients respond well to antiviral therapies which may be related to more favorable distribution of IL28B SNP polymorphism (7). After the introduction of Boceprevir and Teleprevir as the standard therapy for HCV genotype 1 infections, the hope for eradication of infection grows significantly, but the costs imposed by the drug side effects were not satisfactory for both patients and scientists (8). Availability of these agents, protease inhibitors (PIs), which have been added to the current standard of care (SOC), has offered a new treatment option for patients infected with HCV, who are infected with GT1, and have not responded or relapsed to the previous therapies. It is reported that by adding these agents to the standard of care of patients who were infected with HCV genotype 1, non-responders or relapsers to the previous therapies, the response rate had increased. The therapy failure in patients infected with different HCV genotypes in Iran, depends on the liver fibrosis status, age and comorbidity (8). Chronic HCV infection and its treatment are significant health care economic burdens that should be reviewed according the rate of responses and should attract the attention of health policy makers and academics in many countries (9). The costs of PIs -based triple therapy for hepatitis C and adverse managements are very high per sustained viral response, which means that it is not cost effective to use these drugs in our practice at the present time.
CYTOKINE REGULATION OF ICAM‐1 EXPRESSION ON HUMAN RENAL TUBULAR EPITHELIAL CELLS IN VITRO

Regulation of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression on human renal tubular epithelial cells in culture (hKEC-1) was investigated. A large proportion of hKEC-1 cells from the primary cultures expressed the ICAM-1 antigen. Supernatants from mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) of both specific and third-party combinations augmented the expression of the ICAM-1 antigen, in a dose-dependent manner. A kinetic study revealed maximal augmentation by MLR supernatant on the first day, with a gradual decrease thereafter. Among several recombinant human cytokines tested, i.e., interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1 alpha and beta, and IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1α/β were shown to augment the expression of ICAM-1. MLR supernatants and IFN-γ were more effective in augmenting ICAM expression than TNF-α and IL-1α/β. IFN-γ upregulated ICAM-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, and maximal augmentation was achieved on the first day. The MLR supernatants were shown to contain IFN-γ and TNF-α, and the activity of the MLR supernatant was partially inhibited by neutralizing antibody against IFN-γ. These data suggest that cytokines, especially IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1α/β, released by T cells and antigen-presenting cells upon recognition of alloantigens upregulate ICAM-1 expression on renal tubular epithelial cells. This may result in an increase in the attachment of graft-infiltrating T cells to the renal tubular cells, by the ICAM-1-LFA-1 interaction.
Analysis on Ensemble of Regenerating Codes and Replication

This letter studies the performance of ensemble of Regenerating codes and Replication (RR). It theoretically analyzes the storage-bandwidth tradeoff curve of RR, and attains two extremal cases, corresponding to minimum storage cost RR (MSRR) and minimum repair bandwidth RR (MBRR), respectively. Compared with the case of independently applying regenerating codes, the evaluation results indicate, with extra storage cost, MSRR has better average repair bandwidth and average disk I/O, and MBRR has less average disk I/O cost and almost the same level of average repair bandwidth, i.e., when satisfying the data available probability <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P=0.9999$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, MSRR achieves at least 5.6% and 50%, and MBRR achieves at least 23.7% and 1.3% less disk I/O and repair bandwidth consumption in evaluation data sets, respectively.
Relationships between initial probing depth and changes in the clinical parameters following non-surgical periodontal treatment in chronic periodontitis

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between initial probing depth (IPD) and changes in clinical parameters following non-surgical periodontal treatment (NPT) in chronic periodontitis patients. Subjects and Methods: A total of 1672 periodontal pockets having 3mm≤IPD≤9mm of depth in 15 chronic periodontitis patients were included. NPT consisting of oral hygiene instructions, scaling and root planing was applied in two sessions. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level, gingival recessions (GR) were measured before and eight weeks after treatment. Pocket sites were grouped according to their IPD and root number as single- or multi-rooted teeth. Results: Other than the sites having 3 mm IPD, PD reduction and GR increase were significant in all groups (p<0.001). Attachment gains (AG) were significant in all single-rooted teeth (p<0.001) again except those having IPD=3mm. However, AG was significant in multi-rooted teeth having only 7mm≤IPD≤9mm (p<0.05). Positive correlations were observed between IPD and PD reduction, GR increase and AG in single-rooted teeth (p<0.001). Furthermore, positive correlations were found between IPD and PD reduction and GR increase in multi-rooted teeth (p<0.001), but there was no correlation between IPD and AG. Conclusion: NPT may lead to positive association between IPD and PD reduction as well as GR increase, which is independent from tooth root anatomy.
The ‘Old’ and ‘New’ Politics of Financial Services Regulation in the European Union

This research examines the regulatory response of the European Union to the global financial crisis, addressing the questions of whether, how and why the global financial crisis has changed the ‘old’ politics of financial services regulation in the EU and resulted in the emergence of a ‘new’ politics. It is argued that, with a good dose of political opportunism and ‘anti-free market’ rhetoric, a continental advocacy coalition sponsoring a ‘market-shaping’ regulatory approach has capitalised on the crisis, tipping the balance of regulatory power in the EU in its favour, as compared to the pre-crisis situation.
A human homologue (BICD1) of the Drosophila bicaudal-D gene.

We previously isolated a cDNA fragment homologous to the Drosophila Bicaudal-D gene (Bic-D) using a hybridization selection procedure with cosmids derived from the short arm of human chromosome 12. A PCR-mediated cDNA cloning strategy was applied to obtain the coding sequence of the human homologue (BICD1) and to generate a partial mouse (Bicdh1) cDNA. The Drosophila Bicaudal-D gene encodes a coiled coil protein, characterized by five alpha-helix domains and a leucine zipper motif, that forms part of the cytoskeleton and mediates the correct sorting of mRNAs for oocyte- and axis-determining factors during oogenesis. Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of the BICD1 cDNA clones indicates that the sequence similarity is essentially limited to the amphipatic helices and the leucine zipper, but the conserved order of these domains suggests a similar function of the protein in mammalians. A database search further indicates the existence of a second human homologue on chromosome arm 9q and a Caenorhabditis elegans homologue. Northern blot analysis indicates that both the human and the murine homologues produce an mRNA species of congruent with9.5 kb expressed in brain, heart, and skeletal muscle and during mouse embryonic development. The conserved structural characteristics of the BICD1 protein and its expression in muscle and especially brain suggest that BICD1 is a component of a cytoskeleton-based mRNA sorting mechanism conserved during evolution.