Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empirical Approaches for Improving Inertial Pedestrian Navigation: Approximating Gravitational Acceleration and Digitizing Heading Change Angles

Spatial mobility provides a rich context for human life, and the demand for indoor navigation and localization has increased. Pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) is a viable solution thanks to its cost advantages and robustness to environmental changes. In this paper, we propose two generic ideas for improving inertial pedestrian navigation. One is about the estimation of gravitational acceleration and the other is about the estimation of heading change angles. Gravitational acceleration is dynamically extracted on the fly rather than assuming sensors to be fixed in a certain orientation. It can be used to estimate step lengths and heading change angles as a baseline. Also, heading change angles are digitized by combining the estimated gravitational acceleration with a simple threshold-based turn detection algorithm. Turns tend to occur across multiple steps and we separate turns from steps in walking. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the ideas a simple scheme, steps-and-a-turn (SnT), is designed for inertial pedestrian navigation. In experiments using a complete daily route, we show that the estimation of gravitational acceleration is consistent and robust, and that the digitization of heading change angles is highly effective in typical building environments: the positioning error is about 1.2% of the total length of the experimental path. Various state-of-the-art schemes served on top of pure inertial pedestrian navigation are expected to benefit by utilizing the proposed ideas as basic building blocks.
Quality, Safety and Biological Studies on Campylanthus glaber Aerial Parts

In Cabo Verde, several endemic species are used in traditional medicine. However, no scientific studies have been conducted on the quality, efficacy, and safety of most of these plants. This study focused on establishing the botanical and chemical identification parameters required for a quality monograph of Campylanthus glaber Benth. aerial parts, a medicinal plant of Cabo Verde traditionally used to treat fever and muscular pain. In addition, in vitro antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity were assessed for this medicinal plant. Optical microscopy, LC/UV-DAD-ESI/MS, and colorimetric assays were used for botanical, chemical, and biological studies, respectively. Cytotoxicity was assessed by the MTT assay with HepG2 cells, and genotoxicity by the Ames test. Microscopically, the xeromorphic leaf of C. glaber presents a thick cuticle (13.6–25.5 µm), thick-walled epidermal cells, anomocytic-type stomata, glandular trichomes (stalk length = 49.4–120.8 µm), and idioblasts containing calcium oxalate microcrystals. The chemical screening of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of this medicinal plant revealed the presence of organic acids, iridoids, phenylethanoids, and flavonoids as the main classes of marker compounds, with malic acid, citric acid, and verbascoside being the main marker compounds identified. Both extracts showed similar LC/UV-DAD/ESI-MS qualitative profiles and DPPH radical scavenger activity (IC50 = 130.9 ± 1.4; 134.3 ± 3.1 µg/mL). The hydroethanolic extract inhibited both α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. Both extracts showed no cytotoxicity (up to 1000 µg/mL) by the MTT assay and no genotoxic potential with or without metabolic activation up to 5 mg /plate. The results obtained are an important contribution to the monographic quality assessment of C. glaber aerial parts and suggest that this medicinal plant may be safe and potentially used as an herbal drug raw material for pharmaceutical purposes.
Multi-level subspace analysis with applications to neuroimaging

Artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) are paving the way to help unravel the complexities of the human brain and shed light on the underpinnings of atypical behaviors. This is critical for early detection of mental illnesses and personalized treatment prescription. Here, key AI/ML strategies to leverage the richness of brain data are discussed, including multimodal fusion, multidimensional and deep latent representations, as well as multi-level linkage detection. Each of these is presented through a general overarching concept of subspaces. Examples from original research and the brain imaging field at large illustrate the application of each strategy to brain data from multiple modalities. Markedly, these approaches tackle challenges that extend readily to other fields outside of brain imaging.
Multidecadal Simulations of Australian Rainfall Variability: The Role of SSTs

Australian rainfall variability and its relationship with the Southern Oscillation index (SOI) and global sea surface temperature (SST) variability is considered in both observational datasets and ensembles of multidecadal simulations using two different atmospheric general circulation models forced by observed SSTs and sea ice extent. Monthly and seasonal time series have been constructed to examine the observed and modeled relationships. The models show some success in the Australian region, largely reproducing the observed relationships between rainfall, the SOI, and global SSTs, albeit better in some seasons and geographical regions than others. A partition of the rainfall variance into components due to SST forcing and internal variability, suggests that both models have too much internal variability over the central eastern half of the continent, especially during austral winter and spring. Consequently, the strength of the SOI and SST relationships tend to be underestimated in this region. The largest impact of SST forcing is seen over the tropical and western parts of the continent. A principal component analysis reveals two dominant rotated modes of rainfall variability that are very similar in both the observed and modeled cases. One of these modes is significantly correlated with SST anomalies to the north-northwest of Australia (in the case of the models) and the SST gradient between the Indonesian archepelago and the central Indian Ocean (in the observed case). The other mode is significantly correlated with
Idealized numerical simulations of shallow föhn

Idealized numerical simulations are performed in order to get a deeper dynamical understanding of the so‐called shallow föhn. This is a southerly gap flow which sometimes occurs in north–south oriented Alpine valleys under approximately westerly synoptic‐scale flow conditions. Observations indicate that shallow föhn is primarily driven by a hydrostatic pressure difference between relatively cold air to the south of the Alps and warmer air to the north. A recent study suggested that the meridional pressure gradient associated with geostrophically balanced westerly wind also has the potential to induce significant shallow föhn. While this study is restricted to an infinitely long mountain ridge with a gap, various isolated ridges are considered in the present work.
Molecular phylogenetic study of Utricularia section Oligocista in Australia and a new Cape York endemic species

Utricularia section Oligocista A.DC. (Lentibulariaceae) is distributed across the old and new world tropics. Wepresent a molecular phylogeny using a matrix of the nuclear ITS and two chloroplast markers that includes 19of the 37 recognised species sampled across the range of each species. The phylogenetic study also includesmembers of the closely allied sections Enskide (Raf.) P.Taylor (including section Minutae Lowrie, Cowie &Conran) and Stomoisia (Raf.) Kuntze from across each of their distributions. The phylogeny shows that Australiacontains species from the two major clades of section Oligocista, with each involving ancestors with yellow andpurple/mauve corolla colours. This study provides morphological and molecular evidence for recognition of anew species, Utricularia irwinica R.W. Jobson & Baleeiro, from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. A lectotypeis designated for the name Utricularia cyanea var. alba Benth. We also recommend changes to the taxonomyof sections Enskide and Oligocista based on the phylogenetic results and morphology.
Comparison of measured and modeled outgoing longwave radiation for clear‐sky ocean and land scenes using coincident CERES and AIRS observations

[1] Clear-sky outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) is computed using the Atmospheric and Environmental Research (AER), Inc., Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTM) for comparison with the observations of the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) for both ocean and land scenes. CERES clear-sky OLR is in agreement with RRTM model calculations to 0.2% accuracy using best estimate radiosondes (BE) launched coincident with NASA Aqua overpasses at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Southern Great Plains (SGP) site and 0.8% using retrieved profiles of temperature, water vapor, ozone, and surface parameters from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the Aqua platform. A partial flux analysis using AIRS radiances implies an accuracy for the RRTM model in the far infrared of 0.4% (about 0.5 W/m 2 ) for wave numbers less than 650 cm -1 (wavelengths greater than 15.4 μm). CERES minus model biases over clear-sky ocean are similar to previously published results. Ordering the results according to the magnitude of the measured minus model mean bias for nighttime, tropical, ocean gives: +0.57 ± 1.9 W/m 2 (Dessler/Fu-Liou), +0.83 ± 1.5 W/m 2 (Huang/ MODTRAN5), +1.6 ± 1.6 W/m 2 (Moy/RRTM), +3.7 ± 2.1 W/m 2 (Dessler/Chou). Comparison of observed minus modeled OLR over land are included in this study. Excluding nonfrozen ocean, a mean difference over land of +2.0 W/m 2 for nighttime cases and +1.0 W/m 2 for daytime cases is found where the land classes are weighted inversely by their standard error. The nighttime bias is quite consistent across all the land classes. The daytime bias shows less consistency with a tendency toward larger CERES minus AIRS RRTM OLR bias for the land classes with smaller vegetation fraction. Comparison of clear-sky CERES and AIRS RRTM OLR over cold snow-/ice-covered surfaces (mainly in the polar regions) is complicated by the use of the MODIS cloud mask in the identification of the clear CERES footprints used in the comparison. Clear scenes over cold surfaces can be identified more reliably in the daytime, for which the comparison between CERES and AIRS RRTM is better than 1.2 W/m 2 indicating good agreement.
In vivo laser speckle contrast imaging of 4-aminopyridine- or pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures

Clinical and preclinical studies on epileptic seizures are closely linked to the study of neurovascular coupling. Obtaining reliable information about cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the area of epileptic activity through minimally invasive techniques is crucial for research in this field. In our studies, we used laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) to gather information about the local blood circulation in the area of epileptic activity. We used two models of epileptic seizures: one based on 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and another based on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). We verified the duration of an epileptic seizure using electrocorticography (ECoG). We applied the antiepileptic drug topiramate (TPM) to both models, but its effect was different in each case. However, in both models, TPM had an effect on neurovascular coupling in the area of epileptic activity, as shown by both LSCI and ECoG data. We demonstrated that TPM significantly reduced the amplitude of 4-AP-induced epileptic seizures (4-AP+TPM: 0.61 ± 0.13 mV vs 4-AP: 1.08 ± 0.19 mV; p < 0.05), and it also reduced gamma power in ECoG in PTZ-induced epileptic seizures (PTZ+TPM: 38.5% ± 11.9% of the peak value vs PTZ: 59.2% ± 3.0% of peak value; p < 0.05). We also captured the pattern of CBF changes during focal epileptic seizures induced by 4-AP. Our data confirm that the system of simultaneous cortical LSCI and registration of ECoG makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacological agents in various types of epileptic seizures in in vivo models and provides spatial and temporal information on the process of ictogenesis.
An Innovative Control Design Procedure for Under-Actuated Mechanical Systems: Emphasizing Potential Energy Shaping and Structural Preservation

In this article, we propose a procedure to solve the controlled design for a class of under-actuated mechanical systems. Our proposed method can be viewed as a sub-method of the IDA-PBC or Controlled Lagrangian approaches, with a particular focus on shaping the potential energy. By emphasizing potential energy shaping, we can effectively tackle the bottleneck presented by the matching equation in these approaches. Moreover, our method leverages a suitable coordinate transformation that is inspired by the physics of the system, further enhancing its efficacy. Therefore, our design procedure is based on a coordinate transformation plus potential energy shaping in the new coordinates, and its existence and possibility of potential energy shaping can be verified via some algebraic calculations, making it constructive. To illustrate the results, we consider the cart-pole system and a recently introduced under-actuated mechanical system named swash mass pendulum (SMP) (Salamat and Tonello, 2021). The SMP consists of a pendulum made of a rigid shaft connected to a pair of cross-shafts where two swash masses can move under the action of servo-mechanisms.
Sugar-Free, Vegan, Furcellaran Gummy Jellies with Plant-Based Triple-Layer Films

Increasing consumer awareness of the impact of nutrition on health and the growing popularity of vegan diets are causing a need to look for new plant-based formulations of standard confectionery products with high energy density and low nutritional value, containing gelatin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop vegan and sugar-free gummy jellies based on an algae-derived polysaccharide—furcellaran (FUR). Until now, FUR has not been used as a gel-forming agent despite the fact that its structure-forming properties show high potential in the production of vegan confectionery. The basic formulation of gummy jellies included the addition of soy protein isolate and/or inulin. The final product was characterized regarding its rheological, antioxidant, mechanical and physicochemical properties. Eco-friendly packaging for the jellies composed of a three-layer polymer film has also been developed. It was observed that the highest values of textural parameters were obtained in jellies containing the addition of soy protein isolate, whose positive effect was also found on antioxidant activity. Before drying, all furcellaran-based gel systems showed G’ and G” values characteristic of strong elastic hydrogels. Storing jellies for a week under refrigeration resulted in an increase in hardness, a decrease in moisture content and reduced water activity values. Overall, our study indicates the high potential of furcellaran both as a gelling agent in confectionery products and as a base polymer for their packaging.
Linear Equatorial Wave Mode Initialization in a Model of the Tropical Pacific Ocean: An Initialization Scheme for Tropical Ocean Models

Abstract Data assimilation in models of the tropical oceans can generate spurious equatorial wave modes which are potentially harmful to the model background fields. The amplitudes of these spurious wave modes can often be large and, in general, depend upon the nature and size of the imbalances introduced into the model by the data assimilation process. Spurious equatorial Kelvin waves are likely to give rise to the most detrimental effects since they are dynamically very important in the real ocean, and am responsible for a variety of phenomena in the equatorial and coastal regions of the ocean. In this paper, an initialization scheme based on the technique of normal mode initialization (used for many years by meteorologists) is developed, which can be used to suppress spurious equatorial wave modes during data assimilation experiments. The initialization scheme maps information from observational data onto the linear planetary wave solutions of the discretized model equations of motion. In addition, equ.
Comparison of measured and SISPAT-RS simulated brightness temperatures and reflectances at field scale during ReSeDA experiment

The Simple Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Transfer - Remote Sensing (SiSPAT-RS) model was developed to simulate soil-vegetation-atmosphere energy and water transfers as well as remote sensing measurements at field scale, in the visible and thermal infrared domains. This model has been validated on the Alpilles-ReSeDA (Remote Sensing Data Assimilation) experimental database gathering micrometeorological data and remote sensing observations. Sensitivity and uncertainty studies were performed with the SVAT model and the radiative transfer models using stochastic technics like Monte Carlo's methods. The results permit us to quantify the model uncertainties linked to parameters and initial conditions uncertainties, such information which is essential to carry on assimilation studies. Here, we present the results concerning the sensitivity analysis and the results of the calibration on an experimental agricultural field of ReSeDA experiment.
MICROCOSM EVALUATION OF ENHANCED BIOREMEDIATION FOR AN INDUSTRIAL SITE CONTAMINATED WITH CHLORINATED ETHENES, CHLORINATED BENZENES, AND BENZENE

ii DEDICATION v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi LIST OF TABLES x LIST OF FIGURES xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xxvii 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES 1 1.1 Chlorinated Ethenes 1 1.2 Chlorinated Benzenes and Benzene 4 1.3 Objectives 7 2.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS 9 2.1 Sample Locations 9 2.2 Chemicals and Medium 9 2.3 Experimental Design 10 2.4 Microcosm Preparation and Operation 11 2.4. 1 Preparation 11 2.4. 2 Operation 15 2.5 Analytical Procedures 16 3.0 RESULTS 20 3.1 Wastewater Treatment Plant 21 3.1.1 Autoclaved Controls 21 3.1.2 Anaerobic Only Treatments 21 3.1.3 Aerobic Only Treatment 23 3.1. 4 Anaerobic Followed by Aerobic Treatments 24 3.2 Oil Retention Pond 25 3.2.1 Autoclaved Controls 25 3.2.2 Anaerobic Only Treatments 26 3.2.3 Aerobic Only Treatment 27 3.2.4 Anaerobic Followed by Aerobic Treatments 28 3.3 Tank Farm 30 3.3.1 Autoclaved Controls 30 TITLE PAGE i
Exploratory Analysis of the Effects of Celecoxib on Cognitive Function in Vortioxetine-Treated Patients With Major Depressive Disorder in the PREDDICT Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) remains difficult to treat, with many patients resistant to existing treatments or experiencing relapse. Cognitive dysfunction is associated with more severe clinical outcomes. Vortioxetine has shown efficacy in remediating depression-associated cognitive impairment. Anti-inflammatory augmentation of antidepressants is a new strategy in treating depression and has not previously been assessed for effects on cognition in depression. Methods: Exploratory analyses were performed on secondary outcome cognitive data from the PREDDICT parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at the University of Adelaide (Australia). Participants (N = 119) with MDD (validated with Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-IV) were treated with vortioxetine and celecoxib or vortioxetine and placebo for 6 weeks between December 2017 and April 2020. Measures included objective cognition composite scores (Choice Reaction Time, N-Back, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Trail Making Task Part B), subjective cognition scores (Perceived Deficits Questionnaire), and global cognition composite scores (combined objective and subjective scores) derived from the THINC integrated tool (THINC-it). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) measured at baseline and week 6 was tested for a predictive relationship with cognitive outcomes. Results: Cognition composite scores demonstrated improvement by week 6 in both treatment groups. However, there was no significant interaction between change over time and treatment group. HsCRP did not have a significant relationship with any tested cognition measures. Conclusions: Both treatment groups showed a reduction in depression-associated cognitive impairment. No superior clinical effect was reported for the add-on celecoxib group. HsCRP was modulated by neither vortioxetine nor add-on celecoxib. Trial Registration: ANZCTR identifier: ACTRN12617000527369.
Two‐dimensional continuous simulation of spatiotemporally varied hydrological processes using the time‐area method

Distributed, continuous hydrologic models promote better understanding of hydrology and enable integrated hydrologic analyses by providing a more detailed picture of water transport processes across the varying landscape. However, such models are not widely used in routine modelling practices, due in part to the extensive data input requirements, computational demands, and complexity of routing algorithms. We developed a two‐dimensional continuous hydrologic model, HYSTAR, using a time‐area method within a grid‐based spatial data model with the goal of providing an alternative way to simulate spatiotemporally varied watershed‐scale hydrologic processes. The model calculates the direct runoff hydrograph by coupling a time‐area routing scheme with a dynamic rainfall excess sub‐model implemented here using a modified curve number method with an hourly time step, explicitly considering downstream ‘reinfiltration’ of routed surface runoff. Soil moisture content is determined at each time interval based on a water balance equation, and overland and channel runoff is routed on time‐area maps, representing spatial variation in hydraulic characteristics for each time interval in a storm event. Simulating runoff hydrographs does not depend on unit hydrograph theory or on solution of the Saint Venant equation, yet retains the simplicity of a unit hydrograph approach and the capability of explicitly simulating two‐dimensional flow routing. The model provided acceptable performance in predicting daily and monthly runoff for a 6‐year period for a watershed in Virginia (USA) using readily available geographic information about the watershed landscape. Spatial and temporal variability in simulated effective runoff depth and time area maps dynamically show the areas of the watershed contributing to the direct runoff hydrograph at the outlet over time, consistent with the variable source area overland flow generation mechanism. The model offers a way to simulate watershed processes and runoff hydrographs using the time‐area method, providing a simple, efficient, and sound framework that explicitly represents mechanisms of spatially and temporally varied hydrologic processes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.