Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The processes of joining in global distributed software projects

Libre (free / open source) software is a good example of global software development. Thousands of projects, in a wide range of domains which involve hundreds of thousands of developers and contributors from all around the world. Some large (both in size and developer community) libre software projects have shown evidence of producing code with complete functionality and fast evolution (with linear or superlinear growth), while maintaining low defect density. Many companies are exploring how to benefit from this situation, considering several approaches related to libre software development. For instance, some of them have hired full-time developers, focusing their work on some libre software projects they consider strategic.However, before joining the core development team of the project, these hired developers have to follow a process of software comprehension, and get used to the rules and communication mechanisms used in the project. We were interested in the differences between this case and that of volunteer developers working in the same project, Therefore, we studied the duration and basic characteristics of this joining process for the developers of GNOME (a well known, large, libre software project). In our analysis, we have found two groups with clearly different joining patterns. Moreover, we have related those patterns to the different behaviors of volunteer and hired developers: volunteers tend to follow a step-by-step joining process, while hired developers usually experiencea "sudden" integration. Some reasons for this different behavior are also discussed.
Synergistic Effect of Free and Nano-encapsulated Chrysin-Curcumin on Inhibition of hTERT Gene Expression in SW480 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

Abstract Background Telomerase is known as a global therapeutic target in cancer cells due to its main role in tumorigenesis. Nowadays, it is proposed new treatment methods based on molecular target therapy by bioactive substances such as curcumin and chrysin with fewer side effects than other chemical drugs. But due to their low aqueous solubility and high clearance in the bloodstream it can be used of nanoparticles to increase their half-life and biocompatibility of them. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of Chrysin-Curcumin on the expression of telomerase gene in SW480 colorectal cancer cell line. Material and method PLGA-PEG nanoparticles synthesized and were confirmed using by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and FTIR Spectroscopy. After treatment of SW480 cells by curcumin and chrysin loaded nanoparticles, their toxicity to cancer cells, was evaluated by MTT. Then, the inhibition of hTERT gene expression was measured using qRT-PCR method. Result The results of MTT test showed nanocapsulated curcumin and chrysin compared with free forms of these compounds have high synergistic effect on sw480 cells. Also, real time-PCR showed significant decrease in hTERT gene expression in SW480 cells that treated with nano-curcumin and nano-chrysin compare to untreated cells. Conclusion Nano-encapsulation of curcumin and chrysin enhanced delivery of these compounds to SW480 colorectal cancer cells and therefore it can be conclude that PLGA-PEG nanoparticles promote anticancer effects of curcumin-chrysin by increasing bioavailability and the solubility of these drugs.
Vietoris-rips complexes also provide topologically correct reconstructions of sampled shapes

We associate with each compact set X of Rn two real-valued functions cX and hX defined on R+ which provide two measures of how much the set X fails to be convex at a given scale. First, we show that, when P is a finite point set, an upper bound on cP(t) entails that the Rips complex of P at scale r collapses to the Cech complex of P at scale r for some suitable values of the parameters t and r. Second, we prove that, when P samples a compact set X, an upper bound on hX over some interval guarantees a topologically correct reconstruction of the shape X either with a Cech complex of P or with a Rips complex of P. Regarding the reconstruction with Cech complexes, our work compares well with previous approaches when X is a smooth set and surprisingly enough, even improves constants when X has a positive μ-reach. Most importantly, our work shows that Rips complexes can also be used to provide topologically correct reconstruction of shapes. This may be of some computational interest in high dimensions.
Toward an Ontology of Workarounds: A Literature Review on Existing Concepts

While workarounds are studied frequently in information systems research, a coherent and interrelated structure to organize the knowledge of the field is still missing. In this study, we provide a first step towards an ontology of workarounds in order to enable researchers to study the relationships among the core concepts. By identifying existing literature, we discover three gaps in workaround research: (1) lack of conceptual consensus, (2) fragmentation and (3) static perspective. To advance theory, we provide an overview of different types of workarounds that are frequently used in literature. Based on these findings we derive core concepts of workarounds that are used in literature and provide an ontology of workarounds.
Head and neck cancer: Gene therapy approaches. Part 1: Adenoviral vectors

Treatment options for recurrent or refractory head and neck cancer are limited. The goal of gene therapy is to introduce new genetic material into cancer cells without affecting toxicity to surrounding malignant cells. The most common vehicles for delivery of genes are adenoviruses. Adenoviruses gain access to malignant and normal cell cytoplasm via viral ligand binding to a unique cell surface receptor (the coxsackie adenovirus receptor [CAR]). However, this receptor is not cancer specific. Genetic modification of adenoviral DNA can create cancer specific targeting. Adenoviruses can be modified to express cancer specific ligands thereby focusing binding to malignant tissue. Furthermore, adenoviral delivered genes can be put under cancer specific promoter control to further limit gene expression in malignant tissue. Increased antitumor activity from such modifications has been demonstrated preclinically and several clinical trials have been completed demonstrating safety and clinical activity of non-replicating and conditional replicating adenoviral vector thereby opening the door for gene delivery and cancer specific targeting.
Fountain Coding with Decoder Side Information

In this contribution, we consider the application of digital fountain (DF) codes to the problem of data transmission when side information is available at the decoder. The side information is modelled as a "virtual" channel output when original information sequence is the input. For two cases of the system model, which model both the virtual and the actual transmission channel either as a binary erasure channel or as a binary input additive white Gaussian noise (BIAWGN) channel, we propose methods of enhancing the design of standard non-systematic DF codes by optimizing their output degree distribution based on the side information assumption. In addition, a systematic Raptor design has been employed as a possible solution to the problem.
Profile and survival of tongue cancer patients in "Dharmais" Cancer Hospital, Jakarta.

BACKGROUND Tongue cancer is still a major health problem in most developing countries around the world. Statistics shown the number of tongue cancers, especially in early age, to be increasing, with poor survival. OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristic profile of tongue cancer patients in Indonesia as well as the survival rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted in Dharmais National Cancer Hospital by collecting general, clinical, and survival data of tongue cancer patients from medical records for January 2009 to April 2012. RESULTS Tongue cancer incidence increased year by year. The average age of tongue cancer patients was 47.5 years, and males predominated, accounting for 64.5% of cases. Most patients presented at an advanced stage (69.6%). The histopathology type was squamous cell carcinoma in the vast majoriy (96.8%). The therapies applied were surgery (45.6%), radiation (63.6%) and chemotherapy (57.6%). The survival rate after one year is 60.6% and after two years was 12.1%. In addition, median survival of tongue cancer patients was 20 months (95% confidence interval 9.07-30.9). The significant factor affecting survival was size of tumor with a hazard ratio of 3.18 (95% CI, 1.02-9.93; p 0.046) for largest versus smallest categories. CONCLUSIONS In each year, the number of tongue cancer incidents in Indonesia is increasing. The age of tongue cancer patients in Indonesia is younger compared to other countries. Moreover, the survival rates are not high.
Modeling Semiconductor Tools for Small Lotsize Fab Simulations

Short cycle times are critical to the success of semiconductor manufacturing. The addition of more and more mask layers leads to higher raw process times and makes short cycle times an increasingly challenging task. One cycle time reduction possibility semiconductor manufacturers now look at is lotsize reduction. A reduction in lotsize transfers directly into lower raw process times. Modeling and simulation are key to assess opportunities and risks of such an approach. This paper looks at the implications that follow from small lotsizes for tool models used for the assessment
Existing data sources for clinical epidemiology: The Danish National Database of Reimbursed Prescriptions

The Danish health care system provides partial reimbursement of most prescription medications in Denmark. The dispensation of prescription medications is registered in administrative databases. Each time a prescription is redeemed at a pharmacy, an electronic record is generated with information related to the user, prescriber, the pharmacy, and the dispensed drug. The National Health Service gathers this information for administration of the drug reimbursement plan. Recently, this information became the basis for the establishment of a new research database, the Danish National Database of Reimbursed Prescriptions (DNDRP). In this paper, we review the content, coverage, quality, linkage, access, and research possibilities of this new database. The database encompasses the reimbursement records of all reimbursed drugs sold in community pharmacies and hospital-based outpatient pharmacies in Denmark since 2004. On average, approximately 3.5 million users are recorded in the database each year. During the coverage period, the number of annual prescription redemptions increased by 15%. Most dispensed prescriptions are in the categories “alimentary tract and metabolism”, “cardiovascular system”, “nervous system”, and “respiratory system”. Individuals are identified by the unique central personal registration (CPR) number assigned to all persons born in or immigrating to Denmark. The new database fully complies with Denmark’s Act on Processing of Personal Data, while avoiding additional restrictions imposed on data use at the Danish National Prescription Registry, administered by Statistics Denmark. Most importantly, CPR numbers are reversibly encrypted, which allows re-identification of drug users; furthermore, the data access is possible outside the servers of Statistics Denmark. These features open additional opportunities for international collaboration, validation studies, studies on adverse drug effects requiring review of medical records, studies involving contact to general practitioners, and linkage of prescription data to other clinical and research databases. The DNDRP thus is a valuable data source for pharmacoepidemiological research.
Resiliency and character strengths among college students

This dissertation contributes to the literature on resiliency and character strengths. College students (N = 223) were administered questionnaires to determine the hassles they experienced in the last month, as well as their levels of life satisfaction, resiliency, and the four character strengths of Appreciation of Beauty and Excellence, Gratitude, Humility/Modesty, and Love. Reponses to the Ego Resiliency Scale were used to divide students into the following three groups: resilient, moderate-resilient, and low-resilient. Self-reported levels of life satisfaction, Appreciation of Beauty and Excellence, Gratitude, Humility/Modesty, and Love were compared across the three groups to determine whether they were significantly related to resiliency. The results indicate that Appreciation of Beauty and Excellence, Gratitude, and Humility/Modesty had a significant relationship with resiliency, but that Love did not. Resilient students’ levels of Appreciation of Beauty and Excellence as well as Gratitude were significantly higher than those of low-resilient students. However, resilient students’ levels of Humility/Modesty were significantly lower than those of low-resilient students. Although Love was not significantly related to resiliency, the levels of Love for resilient students were relatively higher than those of low-resilient students. Life satisfaction also was significantly related to resiliency. Resilient students’ levels of life satisfaction were significantly higher than those of low-resilient students. Gratitude and Love predicted students’ levels of life satisfaction. Therefore, Gratitude seems to be the essential character strength related to both resiliency and life satisfaction among college students.
The Relationship Between Counselors and Their State Professional Association: Exploring Counselor Professional Identity

A state’s counseling association conducted a study to explore characteristics of its licensed mental health counselors. Responses were collected regarding employment, priorities for the state professional association, competence in professional activities, and sources of professional support. The majority of respondents indicated high job satisfaction with employment in full-time private practice. Peer support from coworkers or fr om external work settings was indicated as most beneficial to the respondents’ successful practice. The information is explored to determine how the association can better represent the state’s counselors. The authors also discuss ways that professional associations, counselors and counselor education programs can collectively contribute to strong professional identity in mental health counselors.
THE SELF-VERIFICATION MODEL OF DEPRESSION AND INTERPERSONAL REJECTION IN HETEROSEXUAL DATING RELATIONSHIPS

Certain premises of the self-verification model of depression and interpersonal rejection (Joiner, 2000; Swann, Wenzlaff, Krull, & Pelham, 1992) were examined in a sample of heterosexual dating couples (N = 67). This study builds upon previous research by examining (a) the replicability of model effects within a long-term, meaningful relationship context; (b) the specificity of association between depressive symptoms and negative feedback-seeking, over and above self-esteem; and (c) the potential mediating effects of negative feedback-seeking on the association between depressive symptomatology and rejection. Overall, findings supported the components of the self-verification model, and indicated that these effects may be generalizable to more meaningful relationship contexts. Although the mediational hypothesis was not supported, results suggested that rejection effects in depression might be better explained by relationship satisfaction.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PEER ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE FOR OBTAINING INDIVIDUAL MARKS ON A GROUP PROJECT

ABSTRACT The use of peer assessment as a way of differentiating between individual students on a group project is discussed. A new style of peer appraisal questionnaire for the students to complete is introduced, together with the detailed description of a method of calculating a ‘peer assessment factor’ from these questionnaires. This factor allocates to an individual group member a percentage of the mark awarded to the group's project submission. The results obtained when this scheme was used on a large first year course are discussed, together with some possible modifications and their effects. Examples of the appraisal questionnaire and the calculations are included
Observer Rating of Memory in Children: A Review

Abstract Research on observer rating of memory in children is examined in relation to the potential to develop screening instruments to improve efficiency in memory assessment, to shed light on the area of everyday memory in children, and to develop observer rating to the point where it may substitute for objective assessment. Several scales including the Parent Memory Questionnaire, the Children's Memory Questionnaire, the Observer Memory Questionnaire — Parent Form and the Working Memory Rating Scale are reviewed. Only the Working Memory Rating Scale has been published. Some of the other scales have good internal consistency and test–retest reliability but none have proven to be effective screening instruments and none can yet be recommended for clinical application. Relationships with objective test results have been at best modest, an issue that requires more detailed analysis if such instruments are to become effective screeners or even substitutes for objective assessment. Further observer rating research will shed light on everyday memory in children including its relationship to objective assessment and its place in models of memory. It remains to be established whether observer ratings add unique information to memory assessment or whether they can become a reliable, cost-effective substitute for objective assessment.
Amplification of xenon NMR and MRI by remote detection

A technique is proposed in which an NMR spectrum or MRI is encoded and stored as spin polarization and is then moved to a different physical location to be detected. Remote detection allows the separate optimization of the encoding and detection steps, permitting the independent choice of experimental conditions and excitation and detection methodologies. In the initial experimental demonstration of this technique, we show that taking dilute 129Xe from a porous sample placed inside a large encoding coil and concentrating it into a smaller detection coil can amplify NMR signal. In general, the study of NMR active molecules at low concentration that have low physical filling factor is facilitated by remote detection. In the second experimental demonstration, MRI information encoded in a very low-field magnet (4–7 mT) is transferred to a high-field magnet (4.2 T) to be detected under optimized conditions. Furthermore, remote detection allows the utilization of ultrasensitive optical or superconducting quantum interference device detection techniques, which broadens the horizon of NMR experimentation.
Enhancing Relational Database Systems for Managing Hierarchical Data

Hierarchical structures are featured in many common software applications. Unfortunately, maintaining and querying them in the underlying database systems remains a clumsy and inconvenient task even today. We tackle the challenge of making modern in-memory database systems truly “hierarchy-aware. ” Based on the idea of modeling hierarchies using a built-in abstract data type, we extend SQL with expressive constructs to represent, bulk-load, manipulate, and query hierarchical tables. Accompanying relational algebra concepts and algorithms ensure these constructs are translated into efficient query plans. Our algorithms are designed in terms of a carefully crafted generic framework for representing and indexing hierarchies. The outcome is an unprecedented flexibility and performance for managing even very large and highly dynamic hierarchical datasets.
Aggregation in polystyrene-sphere suspensions in near-critical binary liquid mixtures.

We study the reversible aggregation of polystyrene latex spheres (PLS) in one phase mixtures of 2,6 lutidine plus water at temperatures and solvent compositions near the solvent mixture's critical point. The aggregation occurs only on the side of the critical composition rich in the liquid component which is nonpreferred when the system is in the solvent's two-phase region. The liquid that is preferred can be changed by changing the surface charge density of the PLS. The aggregation region extends to temperatures well beyond the wetting temperature, and dynamic light scattering shows no evidence of a thick layer building up on individual particles before they join aggregates.
Antitumor Activity of Lenvatinib (E7080): An Angiogenesis Inhibitor That Targets Multiple Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Preclinical Human Thyroid Cancer Models

Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by blockading the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy for thyroid cancer. Lenvatinib mesilate (lenvatinib) is a potent inhibitor of VEGF receptors (VEGFR1–3) and other prooncogenic and prooncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases, including fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR1–4), platelet derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα), KIT, and RET. We examined the antitumor activity of lenvatinib against human thyroid cancer xenograft models in nude mice. Orally administered lenvatinib showed significant antitumor activity in 5 differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), 5 anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), and 1 medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) xenograft models. Lenvatinib also showed antiangiogenesis activity against 5 DTC and 5 ATC xenografts, while lenvatinib showed in vitro antiproliferative activity against only 2 of 11 thyroid cancer cell lines: that is, RO82-W-1 and TT cells. Western blot analysis showed that cultured RO82-W-1 cells overexpressed FGFR1 and that lenvatinib inhibited the phosphorylation of FGFR1 and its downstream effector FRS2. Lenvatinib also inhibited the phosphorylation of RET with the activated mutation C634W in TT cells. These data demonstrate that lenvatinib provides antitumor activity mainly via angiogenesis inhibition but also inhibits FGFR and RET signaling pathway in preclinical human thyroid cancer models.
MOTHER TONGUE, LANGUAGE OF SCHOOLING AND BILINGUAL DIGIT SPAN

The present study investigated whether language differences in digit span are due to differential levels of familiarity and practice arising from experiences associated with the mother tongue (language of the home), language of the school or to cross-linguistic differences in word length. Mother tongue and language of schooling were varied orthogonally to create four bilingual types: Finnish or Swedish mother tongue and language of schooling (FF and SS), Finnish mother tongue and Swedish language of schooling (FS) and vice versa (SF). Subjects were tested for digit reading rate and digit span with and without articulatory suppression. The results showed that constant bilinguals (FF and SS) obtained faster reading rates and larger digit spans in their dominant language, whereas compound bilinguals (FS and SF) showed no difference between the languages on either measure. Language of schooling was identified as a powerful determinant of bilingual digit span differences, but did not account for the full range of findings.
Legal and Extralegal Determinants of Intercounty Differences in Prison Use

Although many studies have used states' stock imprisonment rates to gauge the relative punitiveness of U.S. jurisdictions, there has been much less systematic research designed to explain the significant county-level differences in sentencing outcomes within the United States. This study focuses on the impact of new court commitments on prison use, using a 1998 national sample of court data from 172 U.S. counties to document and explain variations in use of prison as a sentencing option. Multivariate linear regression analyses show that each of the five considered legally relevant factors and two of the five extralegal variables—Southern region and political conservatism—influence prison use. Three other extralegal factors—racial composition, economic disadvantage, and urbanization—do not affect prison use according to our model. Implications of these findings for both research and policy are discussed.