Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OPAL: automated form understanding for the deep web

Forms are our gates to the web. They enable us to access the deep content of web sites. Automatic form understanding unlocks this content for applications ranging from crawlers to meta-search engines and is essential for improving usability and accessibility of the web. Form understanding has received surprisingly little attention other than as component in specific applications such as crawlers. No comprehensive approach to form understanding exists and previous works disagree even in the definition of the problem. In this paper, we present OPAL, the first comprehensive approach to form understanding. We identify form labeling and form interpretation as the two main tasks involved in form understanding. On both problems OPAL pushes the state of the art: For form labeling, it combines signals from the text, structure, and visual rendering of a web page, yielding robust characterisations of common design patterns. In extensive experiments on the ICQ and TEL-8 benchmarks and a set of 200 modern web forms OPAL outperforms previous approaches by a significant margin. For form interpretation, we introduce a template language to describe frequent form patterns. These two parts of OPAL combined yield form understanding with near perfect accuracy (> 98%).
The Logit as a Model of Product Differentiation: Further Results and Extensions

There is a growing interest in using the discrete choice approach to study oligopolistic competition under product differentiation, and a prominent discrete choic model is the multinomial logit. Here we analyze various aspects of the logit in this context. We first show that the predictions of the logit are very similar to those of the well-known CES model and explain why this is so. We next discuss the existence and the uniqueness of a price equilibrium for a general version of the logit. We illustrate (using the logit) the flexibility and tractability of the discrete choic approach for two diferent problems. The first of these finds a free-entry equlibrium with multiproduct firms. The second uses the logit to construct a simple search model. We also introduce the nested logit as an oligopoly model and apply it to these two problems.
Black Holes: New Horizons (11w5099)

This meeting was a joint activity of 3 theoretical physics institutes: Institute of Theoretical Physics of the University of Alberta (Canada), Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics (Korea), and Yukawa Institute of Theoretical Physics (Kyoto, Japan). The meeting attracted leading experts in the field from 10 countries. As a result we had very fruitful and informative discussions of the exciting and intriguing problems of the physics and mathematics of black holes.
Optimized reliability guardbands using variation aware junction temperature models

Reliability guardbands for speed degradation are often based on a worst-case temperature condition. However, for 90 nm and 65 nm devices with non-negligible leakage, the junction temperatures at use-conditions may vary significantly between slow, marginal devices and fast devices. By accounting for this temperature variation it is possible to reduce the speed guardband and increase yield.
Gut Microbial Flora, Prebiotics, and Probiotics in IBD: Their Current Usage and Utility

Inflammatory bowel diseases are chronic diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract, whose major forms are represented by Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Their etiology is still unclear, although several factors have been identified as major determinants for induction or relapses. Among these, the role of the “forgotten organ”, gut microbiota, has become more appreciated in recent years. The delicate symbiotic relationship between the gut microbiota and the host appears to be lost in IBD. In this perspective, several studies have been conducted to assess the role of prebiotics and probiotics in gut microbiota modulation. This is a minireview aimed to address in an easy format (simple questions-simple answers) some common issues about the theme. An update on the role of selected constituents of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD is presented together with the analysis of the efficacy of gut microbiota modulation by prebiotics and probiotics administration in the management of IBD.
Arcomem: Archive Comunities Memories Priority: Fp7-ict-2009-6 Challenge 4 – " Digital Libraries and Content " D3.2 Extraction and Enrichment

Other Authors: Diana Maynard (USFD), Vassilis Plachouras (ATHENA), David Dupplaw (SOTON), Helge Holzmann (LUH), Nicola Barbieri (YIS), Thomas Risse (LUH), Giang Binh Tran (LUH), Wim Peters (USFD), Jonathon Hare (SOTON), Nina Tahmasebi (LUH), Yannis Stavrakas (Athena), Vassilis Plachouras (Athena), Stefan Dietze (LUH), Adam Funk (USFD), Nikos Papailiou (Athena), Bernardo Pereira Nunes (LUH) (The list of contributors is not exhaustive.)
New china, old ways? A case study of the prospects for implementing human resource management practices in a Chinese state-owned enterprise.

This paper attempts to evaluate the extent to which the introduction of human resource management (HRM) practices in Chinese state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) is likely to boost the organisations’ performance in the way in which the advocates of HRM bundles claim. It has examined the organisational context of one SOE in particular and analysed the literature on people management in Chinese organisations in general. The HRM practices covered are: recruitment, selection and staffing; compensation and benefits; employee training and development; and employee relations. The paper examines the problems raised in the literature and evaluates the extent to which these seem apparent in the organisation. The study concludes that considerable caution must be exercised in assuming that the introduction of coherent bundles of HRM practices would boost organisation performance. However, the picture that emerges is not wholly depressing for the Chinese economy. A high degree of interest in management education and remarkable industry and enthusiasm among young workers provided grounds for optimism.
A New Algorithm for Stochastic Variational Inequality with an Application

Recently stochastic variational inequality has been extensively studied. However there are few methods can be effectively realized. This study considers to solve stochastic variational inequality by combining quasi-Monte Carlo approach and interior point method. The global convergence is established for the new algorithm. An application for the synergies analysis of the supply chain after M&A from the literature is discussed.
Modelling and Simulation of Multicarrier Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) System using RAKE receiver

In this paper, simulation model of multicarrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) system employing spreading code with RAKE receiver is analyzed. This paper is concerned in particular such a system and its performance under frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel with various delays profiles. The bit error probabilities under varying multipath diversity orders use maximum ratio combining (MRC) RAKE reception to mitigate frequency-selective fading. The performance is also evaluated taking into account various numbers of parameter sets such as lengths of PN codes and number of fingers in a RAKE receiver, etc. The bit error rate (BER) of this system is analysed by using mat lab software.
Optimal adjustment of surfaces to point sets

We consider the problem of determining a two-dimensional surface in a threedimensional space. A proposed surface, represented by a discrete point set is already given. The proposal may however not correspond to the true surface. Associated with each proposed point, a set of admissible points is provided. The problem is to select one admissible point for each proposed point such that it intersects each set of admissible point rather than the proposed points. This adjustment must be carried out in such a way that the resulting surface either minimizes the global distance from the proposed surface or maximizes the shape similarity with the proposed surface. In this work we propose a mathematical model for the problem under study, and we point out that this model, contrary to its equivalent in a two-dimensional space, is NP-hard. Since polynomial exact algorithms are unlikely to be found, we rather develop heuristic methods based on combinatorial relaxations, which are solvable by dynamic programming, in combination with local search. Computational properties of the solution methods are discussed, and results from preliminary experiments are presented.
X chromosome inactivation: new players in the initiation of gene silencing

X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is a dosage compensation process that was adopted by female mammals to balance gene dosage between XX females and XY males. XCI starts with the upregulation of the non-coding RNA Xist, after which most X-linked genes are silenced and acquire a repressive chromatin state. Even though the chromatin marks of the inactive X have been fairly well described, the mechanisms responsible for the initiation of XCI remain largely unknown. In this review, we discuss recent developments that revealed unexpected factors playing a role in XCI and that might be of crucial importance to understand the mechanisms responsible for the very first steps of this chromosome-wide gene-silencing event.
3D localization and pose tracking system for an indoor Autonomous Mobile Robot

This paper presents a new architecture that achieves 3D localization and pose tracking for an indoor Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR). Specifically, for speeds of up to about 0.1m/s, the architecture could localize the position with an accuracy of 1.5 cm, and determine the orientation angle to within about 4 degrees error. The localization system consists of a microcontroller embedded in the AMR and five Wireless Sensor Nodes (WSN). Two ultrasonic transmitter nodes are attached to the AMR and three ultrasonic receiver nodes are fixed on a suspended bracket. Six ultrasonic time-of-flight (TOF) measurements are used to update the AMR's pose by utilizing an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm. In order to verify the concept, two experiment prototypes were built. In the first experiment, aiming at the precision of localization, orientation angle and slope angle, the AMR moves slowly along a slope. In the second experiment, focusing on the transient performance of the system when the orientation angle varies from one quadrant to another, the AMR moves along an arc. The results proved that the new architecture provides a high performance of localization and pose tracking for an AMR in an indoor environment.
International Capital Flows and Destabilizing Fiscal and Monetary Policy

Using the excessive macroeconomic volatility in Latin America and the possible contribution of destabilizing monetary and fiscal policies to this outcome as a motivation, this paper examine whether four Latin America countries practice pro-cyclical fiscal and monetary policies. In contrast with other literature on the subject this paper consider the possible simultaneous determination between policy and GDP growth. Additionally, this paper explores the direct impact international capital inflows have on these policies. The evidence suggests that most of the countries practices destabilizing fiscal and monetary policy and that capital inflows consistently influence policy in a pro-cyclical direction, as suggested by the literature.
Early Pest Identification in Agricultural Crops using Image Processing Techniques

Early disease detection is a major challenge in agriculture field. Hence proper measures has to be taken to fight bioagressors of crops while minimizing the use of pesticides. The techniques ofmachine vision are extensively applied to agricultural science,and it has great perspective especially in the plant protection field,which ultimately leads to crops management. Our goal is early detection of bioagressors. The paper describes a software prototype system for pest detection on the infected images of different leaves. Images of the infected leaf are captured bydigital camera and processed using image growing, image segmentation techniques to detect infected parts of the partic ular plants.Then the detected part is been processed for futher feature extraction which gives general idea about pests. This proposes automatic detection and calculating area of infection on leaves of a whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood) at a mature stage. I. INTRODUCTION A lot of research has been done on greenhouse agrosystems and more generally on protected crops to control pests and diseases by biological means instead of pesticides. Research in agriculture is aimed towards increase of productivity and food quality at reduced expenditure and with increased profit, which has received importance in recent time. A strong demand now exists in many countries for non-chemical control methods for pests or diseases. Greenhouses are considered as biophysical systems with inputs, outputs and control process loops. Most of these control loops are automatized (e.g., climate and fertirrigation control). However noautomatic methods are available which precisely and periodically detect the pests on plants. In fact, in production conditions, greenhouse staff periodically observes plants and search for pests. This manual method is to time consuming. Diagnosis is a most difficult task to perform manually as it is a function of a number of parameters such as environment, nutrient, organism etc. With the recent advancement in image processing and pattern recognition techniques, it is possible to develop an autono mous system for disease classification of crops. (2) In this paper, we focus on early pest detection. First, this implies to regularly observe the plants. Disease images are acquired using cameras or scanners. Then the acquired image has to be processed to interpret the
Socio-economic efects of the Labor Force Migration in an enlarged Europe

The enlargement of the European Union and the liberalization of labor force movement to Europe increase greatly the migration towards the developed countries. This phenomenon affects the economic growth both on short and long term. The ascending trend of migration began in the mid nineties and continued after 2000. The data between 2002 and 2005 indicate a quasi-slowdown tendency. This paper aims to estimate some effects of migration flows on both the origin countries and the host countries in an enlarged Europe. Having in mind the enlargement, the Romanian out-migration represents a sensitive subject, adding to those of commercial and the capital flows, the main mechanism of European integration. The migration from and to Romania will have an effect on the Romanian economy on short and long term.
MicroRNA-17 inhibits tumor growth by stimulating T-cell mediated host immune response

Background Melanoma is one of the fastest-rising types of cancer in North American. Accumulating evidence suggests that anti-tumor immune tolerance plays a critical role in tumor development. Methods B16 melanoma cells were injected into wild type and miR-17 overexpressing transgenic mice. Tumor growth was monitored and tumor bearing mice were sacrificed by the end of the forth week. Peripheral blood and spleen cells were subject to flow cytometry analysis and tumor samples were subject to immunohistochemistry staining. Meanwhile, Jurkat cells transfected with mock-control or miR-17 overexpressing plasmid were co-cultured with B16 cells. The influence of miR-17 on cell cycle, proliferation and survival was evaluated. Results The melanoma tumors formed in mice overexpressing miR-17 were less than that in wild type mice. In addition, the miR-17 tumors were less invasive and less angiogenic. The percentage of CD8+ T cells was suppressed in miR-17 transgenic mice before melanoma cell injection. Its level was significantly increased upon tumor grafting. More tumor infiltrating CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte could be found in transgenic mice with tumor formation. Luciferase assay and protein analysis indicated that STAT3 was the target of miR-17. Decreased levels of STAT3 were associated with miR-17 over-expression. Down-regulation of STAT3 in Jurkat cells promoted cell proliferation and mitosis. Conclusions MiR-17 inhibits melanoma growth by stimulating CD8+ T cells mediated host immune response, which is due to its regulation of STAT3.
Do Risk Disclosures Affect Investment Choice?

The aim of this study was to understand the potential effects of different information disclosures regarding risk on retirement investing behavior. The authors developed and tested two modifications to the section on investment performance on the prototype DOL Model Comparative Chart, providing additional risk and return information in a clear graphical manner. One modification provided summary risk ratings, while the other provided a visual representation of actual returns series over 10 years. They conducted an experiment using a nationally representative internet survey. All participants were asked to perform the same hypothetical task allocating retirement investments over a range of six possible typical investment fund options. Treatment groups were randomly allocated to receive different representations of the same risk/return information. They also investigated order effects by randomizing the presentation order of the six investment options. Alternative representations of the risk/return information had a statistically significant effect on allocation decisions, but the practical significance is difficult to determine: although different treatment groups chose different allocations across the six investment options, the risk/return characteristics of the resulting portfolios were very similar. Perhaps surprisingly, the effects of the alternative disclosure forms do not seem to vary across individuals with different levels of financial literacy, or across individuals with different levels of risk aversion. Order effects were stronger than the disclosure form effects, but were independent of the risk characteristics of the investment options: the first and last investment options presented tend to receive larger allocations. Furthermore, the order effects do not appear to be offset by providing additional risk/return information. Their results are consistent with findings that summary disclosure forms are popular with consumers and help them feel more confident about their decisions; our results go further in showing that alternative forms do lead to different choices, but that those different choices may not result in practically significant differences in investment outcomes.
Predicting Pareto Dominance in Multi-objective Optimization Using Pattern Recognition

A method of predicting Pareto dominance in multi-objective optimization using pattern recognition, and the framework of Pareto dominance classifier are proposed. A kind of Bayesian classifier is preliminarily implemented. It is used to predict Pareto dominance among the candidate solutions for various typical multi-objective optimization problems. The experimental data and analysis show that the predicted results can be used to recognize the non-dominated candidate solutions. Thus the prediction method of Pareto dominance can serve as an efficient approach for overcoming the curse of computation cost in solving complicated multi-objective optimization problems.
Emerging Tumor Entities and Variants of CNS Neoplasms

Since the appearance in 2000 of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification for central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms, numerous descriptions of new entities or variants have appeared in the literature. In the group of neuronal and mixed glioneuronal neoplasms are lesions with distinctive morphological features that are still not included in a precise classification, including extraventricular neurocytoma, papillary glioneuronal tumor, rosette-forming glioneuronal of the fourth ventricle, glioneuronal with neuropil-like rosette, and DNT-like tumor of the septum pellucidum. The glioneuronal tumor with neuropil-like rosette and oligodendroglioma with neurocytic differentiation represent morphological variants of genetically proven diffuse gliomas. The lipoastrocytoma and the pilomixoid astrocytoma enlarge the group of astrocytic lesions. Rare, low-grade gliomas of the spinal cord with extensive leptomeningeal dissemination associated with unusual neuroimaging are described. The chordoid glioma of the third ventricle and the papillary tumor of the pineal region seem to be correlated by a common histogenesis from the specialized ependyma of the subcommissural organ. An embryonal tumor with neuropil and true rosettes combining features of neuroblastoma and ependymoblastoma is discussed. These new, recently described lesions indicate that the complex morphologic spectrum of CNS tumors is far from being completely delineated.
Cognitive Development developmental perspective on spatial reasoning : issociating object transformation from viewer ransformation ability

Studies of adults provide evidence that spatial reasoning is non-unitary in nature, consisting of separate object transformation and viewer transformation abilities. This research examined the presence of this dissociation in children. Participants between 8 and 12 years of age, divided over three age groups (i.e., 65 children from 7.5 to 9 years old, 75 children from 9 to 10.5 years old, and 77 children from 10.5 to 12 years old) performed a battery of object and viewer transformation tasks. Analysis of variance showed that performance improved with age on the individual object and viewer transformation tasks, with the largest effects between 10.5 and 12 years of age. Multi-group confirmatory factor analyses to test the dissociation of object and viewer transformation ability over the different age groups revealed that in children under 10.5 years of age object and viewer transformation ability could not be differentiated. A dissociation between object and viewer transformation ability was shown between 10.5 and 12 years of age. This period of specialization of spatial abilities may be a particularly interesting time window for identifying spatial talents and providing spatial training and intervention. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The Engine of Growth

I develop a Schumpeterian model where the engine of growth is in the microeconomic structure of the patent races and derive new results on the determinants of growth. Under decreasing marginal productivity in the RD the optimal policy for innovation always implies R&D subsidies. When the incumbent monopolists are leaders in the patent races, they engage in large R&D investment and their persistent leadership enhances growth. Other sources of growth may reduce investment inducing a paradoxical negative correlation between growth and R&D spending even if innovations are the main engine of growth. In the open economy, growth is driven by the largest country and increases with its relative size and openness. In a monetary economy, price stickiness induces an inverted U relation between inflation and long run growth.