Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation induced depression-like behavior in offspring and myelin-related changes in the rat prefrontal cortex

In accordance with the developmental origins of health and disease, early-life environmental exposures, such as maternal diet, can enhance the probability and gravity of health concerns in their offspring in the future. Over the past few years, compelling evidence has emerged suggesting that prenatal exposure to a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) could trigger neuropsychiatric disorders in the offspring, such as depression. The majority of brain development takes place before birth and during lactation. Nevertheless, our understanding of the impact of HFD on myelination in the offspring’s brain during both gestation and lactation remains limited. In the present study, we investigated the effects of maternal HFD (60% energy from fat) on depressive-like and myelin-related changes in adolescent and adult rat offspring. Maternal HFD increased immobility time during the forced swimming test in both adolescent and adult offspring. Correspondingly, the depressive-like phenotype in offspring correlated with dysregulation of several genes and proteins in the prefrontal cortex, especially of myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL), 2′,3′-cyclic-nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase), kallikrein 6, and transferrin in male offspring, as well as of MOG and kallikrein 6 in female offspring, which persist even into adulthood. Maternal HFD also induced long-lasting adaptations manifested by the reduction of immature and mature oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex in adult offspring. In summary, maternal HFD-induced changes in myelin-related genes are correlated with depressive-like behavior in adolescent offspring, which persists even to adulthood.
Salinity and periodic inundation controls on the soil‐plant‐atmosphere continuum of gray mangroves

Salinity and periodic inundation are both known to have a major role in shaping the ecohydrology of mangroves through their controls on water uptake, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, gas exchanges, and nutrient availability. Salinity, in particular, can be considered one of the main abiotic regulating factors for halophytes and salt‐tolerant species, due to its influence on water use patterns and growth rate. Ecohydrological literature has rarely focused on the effects of salinity on plant transpiration, based on the fact that the terrestrial plants mostly thrive in low‐saline, unsaturated soils where the role of osmotic potential can be considered negligible. However, the effect of salinity cannot be neglected in the case of tidal species like mangroves, which have to cope with hyperosmotic conditions and waterlogging. We introduce here a first‐order ecohydrological model of the soil/plant‐atmosphere continuum of Avicennia marina—also known as gray mangrove—a highly salt‐tolerant pioneer species able to adapt to hyperarid intertidal zones and characterized by unique morphological and ecophysiological traits. The A. marina's soil‐plant‐atmosphere continuum takes explicitly into account the role of water head, osmotic water potential, and water salinity in governing plant water fluxes. A. marina's transpiration is thus modeled as a function of salinity based on a simple parameterization of salt exclusion mechanisms at the root level and a modified Jarvis' expression accounting for the effects of salinity on stomatal conductance. Consistently with previous studies investigating the physiology of mangroves in response to different environmental drivers, our results highlight the major influence of salinity on mangrove transpiration when contrasted with other potential stressors such as waterlogging and water stress.
Stachydrine represses the proliferation and enhances cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of breast cancer cells via PLA2G2A/DCN axis

Considering the therapeutic efficacy of Stachydrine on breast cancer (BC), this study aims to decipher the relevant mechanism. The effects of Stachydrine on BC cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis were firstly investigated. Then, Bioinformatics was applied to sort out the candidate interacting with Stachydrine as well as its expression and downstream target in BC. Relative expressions of genes of interest as well as proliferation‐ and apoptosis‐related factors in BC cells were quantified through quantitative reverse‐transcription PCR and western blot as appropriate. As a result, Stachydrine inhibited the proliferation, down‐regulated the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and CyclinD1, enhanced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and up‐regulated the levels of Cleaved caspase‐3 and Cleaved caspase‐9 in BC cells. Phospholipase A2 Group IIA (PLA2G2A) was predicted as the candidate interacting with Stachydrine and to be lowly expressed in BC. PLA2G2A silencing reversed while PLA2G2A overexpression reinforced the effects of Stachydrine. Decorin (DCN) was the downstream target of PLA2G2A and also lowly expressed in BC. PLA2G2A silencing counteracted yet overexpressed PLA2G2A strengthened the promoting effects of Stachydrine on DCN level. Collectively, Stachydrine inhibits the growth of BC cells to promote cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via PLA2G2A/DCN axis.
Comparative Assessment of Habitat Suitability and Niche Overlap of Three Cytospora Species in China

The plant pathogenic fungus Cytospora is notoriously known for causing woody plant canker diseases, resulting in substantial economic losses to biological forests and fruit trees worldwide. Despite their strong negative ecological impact, the existing and prospective distribution patterns of these plant pathogens in China, according to climate change, have received little attention. In this study, we chose three widely dispersed and seriously damaging species, namely, Cytospora chrysosperma, Cytospora mali, and Cytospora nivea, which are the most common species that damage the Juglans regia, Malus domestica, Eucalyptus, Pyrus sinkiangensis, Populus spp. , and Salix spp. in China. We utilized ecological niche modeling to forecast their regional distribution in China under four climate change scenarios (present, SSP 126, SSP 370, and SSP 585). The results show that temperature-related climate factors limit the current distribution ranges of the three species. Currently, the three studied species are highly suitable for northeast, northwest, north, and southwest China. Under future climate scenarios, the distribution ranges of the three species are projected to increase, and the centers of the adequate distribution areas of the three species are expected to shift to high-latitude regions. The three species coexist in China, primarily in the northwest and north regions. The ecological niches of C. chrysosperma and C. nivea are more similar. The distribution range of C. mali can reach the warmer and wetter eastern region, whereas C. chrysosperma and C. nivea are primarily found in drought-prone areas with little rainfall. Our findings can help farmers and planners develop methods to avoid the spread of Cytospora spp. and calculate the costs of applying pesticides to reduce contamination and boost yields.
Water cycle changes in Czechia: a multi-source water budget perspective

Abstract. The water cycle in Czechia has been observed to be changing in recent years, with precipitation and evapotranspiration rates exhibiting a trend of acceleration. However, the spatial patterns of such changes remain poorly understood due to the heterogeneous network of ground observations. This study relied on multiple state-of-the-art reanalyses and hydrological modeling. Herein, we propose a novel method for benchmarking hydroclimatic data fusion based on water cycle budget closure. We ranked water cycle budget closure of 96 different combinations for precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff using CRU TS v4.06, E-OBS, ERA5-Land, mHM, NCEP/NCAR R1, PREC/L, and TerraClimate. Then, we used the best-ranked data to describe changes in the water cycle in Czechia over the last 60 years. We determined that Czechia is undergoing water cycle acceleration, evinced by increased atmospheric water fluxes. However, the increase in annual total precipitation is not as pronounced nor as consistent as evapotranspiration, resulting in an overall decrease in the runoff. Furthermore, non-parametric bootstrapping revealed that only evapotranspiration changes are statistically significant at the annual scale. At higher frequencies, we identified significant spatial heterogeneity when assessing the water cycle budget at a seasonal scale. Interestingly, the most significant temporal changes in Czechia occur during spring, while the spatial pattern of the change in median values stems from summer changes in the water cycle, which are the seasons within the months with statistically significant changes.
Estimating In Vitro Protein Digestion and Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score of Chicken Breasts Affected by White Striping and Wooden Breast Abnormalities

An understanding regarding impacts of growth-related myopathies, i.e., white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB), on the quality of dietary protein from cooked chicken breast is still limited. This study aimed at comparing protein content and in vitro protein digestion and estimating the in vitro protein digestibility corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS) of cooked chicken meat exhibiting different abnormality levels (i.e., normal, WS, and WS + WB). The results show that the WS + WB samples exhibited lower protein content, greater cooking loss, and greater lipid oxidation than those of normal samples (p < 0.05). No differences in protein carbonyls or the myofibril fragmentation index were found (p ≥ 0.05). Cooked samples were hydrolyzed in vitro using digestive enzyme mixtures that subsequently mimicked the enzymatic reactions in oral, gastric, and intestinal routes. The WS + WB samples exhibited greater values of free NH2 and degree of hydrolysis than the others at all digestion phases (p < 0.05), suggesting a greater proteolytic susceptibility. The in vitro PDCAAS of the WS + WB samples was greater than that of the other samples for pre-school children, school children, and adults (p < 0.05). Overall, the findings suggest that the cooked chicken breast with the WS + WB condition might provide greater protein digestibility and availability than WS and normal chicken breasts.
Partial sequencing of ESR1 and CDK5RAP2 genes in dogs with mammary tumours

Canine mammary tumours (CMT) are among the most common canine cancer types in female dogs. Dogs provide an adaptable model system for human breast cancer studies. It is important to identify the underlying genetic basis to improve knowledge of pathways related to cancer pathogenesis in both species. In this study, we investigated CMT associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in target regions of ESR1 and CDK5RAP2 genes. Partial sequencing of two genes in 25 cases with mammary tumours and 10 dogs with healthy mammary glands was performed. Two previously reported SNPs in ESR1 gene and one previously reported SNP and two novel SNPs were genotyped downstream CDK5RAP2 gene. According to the association analysis performed in cases and controls, no statistically significant association was found between these SNPs and CMTs. Comparison of the results from other studies revealed the genetic heterogeneity of ESR1 and CDK5RAP2 between different dog breeds. Larger datasets of different breeds should be analyzed in further studies to identify the possible effects of the two genes in mammary tumour development.
Radial growth of selected stands of black locust in Poland

Forest Research Institute, Department of Silviculture and Genetics, Poland Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Applied Informatics and Mathematics, Department of Econometrics and Statistics, Poland Forest Research Institute, Department of Forest Resources Management, Pola nd Abstract: Radial growth of selected stands of Black locust in Poland. Within the framework of research being carried out in Poland on straight-stemmed populations of the black locust tree, it proved possible to identify three stands in west of the country suitable for further study on properties of the wood of this species. Subsequent analysis of radial profiles carried out on discs taken from ten sample trees (from each of the stands) allowed for the identification of two periods of growth (1990–1999 and 2000–2014) that are characterised by a different dynamic. At the same time, confirmation was offered for a significant influence of an interaction between the population factor and years, when it came to the shaping of annual growth rings, this pointing to both the individualand population-level nature of the variability to radial growth in the species. Tree rings generated on the southern and eastern sides of the trunk are shown to be significantly wider than those on the northern and western sides. These regularities may reflect insolation, and the initiating influence of day length and temperature on cambial activity. Sample trees from the Krosno population do not display differentiation to the width of rings in relation to geographical orientation, this in turn most probably reflecting the shading influence on the trees exerted by Norway spruces in the second stand layer.
Optimising Online Peer Support for People with Young Onset Dementia

People with Young Onset Dementia (YOD) can be hesitant to engage with online peer support. This work aims to explore (1) why people are hesitant to engage in online peer support, (2) how to get more people involved in online peer support, and (3) what makes online peer support work well. Nine interviews with people with YOD were conducted on MS Teams. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were analysed thematically. Reasons for being hesitant to engage with online peer support include being unsure what to expect and concerns about seeing others in more advanced stages of dementia. Additionally, it can be difficult to identify groups that suit one’s needs and interests. Group facilitators of online peer support groups should provide a detailed description of their group so that people can better assess whether the group would suit them. The insights obtained from this study will be used to develop a Best Practice Guidance on online peer support for people with YOD. Moreover, the findings can be useful for further research exploring how to support people with dementia in general in accessing online health and social care services.
Fine-scale ecological and transcriptomic data reveal niche differentiation of an allopolyploid from diploid parents in Cardamine

Polyploidization, or whole genome duplication, is one of the major mechanisms of plant speciation. Allopolyploids (species that harbor polyploid genomes originating from hybridization of different diploid species) have been hypothesized to occupy a niche with intermediate, broader, or fluctuating environmental conditions compared with parental diploids. It remains unclear whether empirical data support this hypothesis and whether specialization of expression patterns of the homeologs (paralogous gene copies resulting from allopolyploidization) relates to habitat environments. Here, we studied the ecology and transcriptomics of a wild allopolyploid Cardamine flexuosa and its diploid parents C. hirsuta and C. amara at a fine geographical scale in their native area in Switzerland. We found that the diploid parents favored opposite extremes in terms of soil moisture, soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, and light availability. The habitat of the allopolyploid C. flexuosa was broader compared with those of its parental species and overlapped with those of the parents, but not at its extremes. In C. flexuosa, the genes related to water availability were overrepresented among those at both the expression level and the expression ratio of homeolog pairs, which varied among habitat environments. These findings provide empirical evidence for niche differentiation between an allopolyploid and its diploid parents at a fine scale, where both ecological and transcriptomic data indicated water availability to be the key environmental factor for niche differentiation. Significance statement Polyploidization, or whole genome duplication, is common in plants and may contribute to their ecological diversification. However, little is known about the niche differentiation of wild allopolyploids relative to their diploid parents and the gene expression patterns that may underlie such ecological divergence. We detected niche differentiation between the allopolyploid Cardamine flexuosa and its diploid parents C. amara and C. hirsuta along water availability gradient at a fine scale. The ecological differentiation was mirrored by the dynamic control of water availability-related gene expression patterns according to habitat environments. Thus, both ecological and transcriptomic data revealed niche differentiation between an allopolyploid species and its diploid parents.
Efficacy of memantine premedication in alleviating postoperative pain- A systematic review and meta-analysis

Many premedication agents with opioid-sparing properties have been used in patients undergoing various elective surgeries. Memantine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that has been used by many researchers as an opioid-sparing strategy. Various databases like PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched after registering the review protocol in PROSPERO for randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy and safety of memantine premedication in adult patients undergoing various elective surgeries. The risk of bias (RoB-2) scale was used to assess the quality of evidence. From the 225 articles that were identified after a database search, 3 studies were included for a qualitative systematic review and a quantitative meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that the use of memantine provided better pain scores at 2nd (mean difference: -0.82, 95% CI: -1.60, -0.05, P = 0.04) with significant heterogeneity (P = 0.06; I² =71%), and 6 hours postoperatively (mean difference: -1.80, 95% CI: -2.23, -1.37, P < 0.00001), but not at 1 hour. The sedation scores at 1 hour were higher in the memantine group but comparable in the 2nd hour. The number of doses of rescue analgesia and nausea/vomiting in the postoperative period was comparable in both groups. The results of this review suggest that memantine premedication could provide better pain scores in the immediate postoperative period with acceptable adverse effects. However, the current evidence is insufficient to suggest the routine use of memantine as a premedication before elective surgeries.
Spatio-temporal variation in synthesis of some nutraceutical components of thorowax foldwing (Dicliptera bupleuroides Nees)

The present research was carried out to determine the spatiotemporal variation in accumulation of different nutritional and medicinal components in Dicliptera bupleuroides from the Soone valley in the Salt Range of Punjab, Pakistan. Most of the biochemical attributes were higher in the spring season than those in the other seasons; this might have been due to high soil pH during spring. High amounts of minerals and high pH are necessary for the synthesis of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and fibers. Proteins, N, dry matter, fats and nitrogen free extract (NFE) were higher in summer, which might have been due to considerable availability of macro-nutrients during this season due to high moisture content because of high rainfall during the season. Spatial variation showed that phenols and flavonoids were associated with the population from Khabeki site (despite enough minerals and moisture availability) which might have been due to physical injuries caused by grazing and cutting. Minerals, proteins and N were also associated with the Khabeki population probably due to large amounts of minerals and moisture retention in the soil of the site and prevalent optimum environmental conditions therein. Alkaloids, fats, moisture and some minerals were associated with Anga and Knotti Garden sites which might have been due to high pH and prolonged salt stressed conditions at both sites.
COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS IN THE CENTRAL EUROPEAN SPRUCE TIMBER MARKET

The oversupply of spruce timber in Central Europe reduces softwood prices, compromising the profitability of forest holdings. To date, relationships between Central European timber markets have been relatively little studied; the same is true of the factors affecting roundwood price variability and fluctuations in that region. An understanding of changes in those markets and linkages between them is important not only for forest owners and managers, but also for companies in the wood sector. The present work describes market analysis in terms of long-term correlations between the Austrian, Czech, Polish, and Slovak markets (cointegration analysis). Cause-and-effect relationships between the analyzed markets were verified using the Granger causality test. The Engle-Granger and Johansen cointegration tests revealed a long-term equilibrium between the analyzed spruce sawlog markets, except for Slovakia. Bidirectional causality was found between the Austrian, Czech, and Polish markets. However, there was no evidence for the integration of pulpwood markets, which indicates their independence.
Estimating the Price of Fanatism: A Case of Indonesian K-Pop Merchandising Market

There had been few prior research in Indonesia that has given insight and overview into the K-pop merchandising market landscape. However, none of them took pricing on K-pop merchandise into perspective. Thus, this article attempts to answer research inquiries about the overall K-pop product market through the role of pricing. To limit the study, only two different types of K-po signature merchandising were examined in this research namely album bundles and lightsticks. Using the Van Westendorp’s model, this study tried to find out the fans’ acceptable price range. Using self-completion online surveys, this study managed to explore both items’ acceptable price ranges. Among 200 respondents, both merchandises’ acceptable price range were clustered closely to the local e-commerce’s price range rather than its official distributor/seller website. The album bundling price range were scattered between IDR 245,000 (≈USD 15.83) to IDR 375,000 (≈USD 24.23) per bundle. Meanwhile, the lightstick was around IDR 465,000 (≈USD 30.04) – IDR 700,000 (≈USD 45.23) per item.
In- Silico Analysis of Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Hpv66 E7 Oncoprotein and Its Interaction with Natural Compounds

E6 and E7 are the major oncoproteins responsible for the oncogenicity of the Human Papillomavirus in the host- Humans. In this study, bioinformatic tools are used in order to analyse the physicochemical properties of E7 oncoprotein from a high risk HPV strain, HPV-66. Additionally, the study aims to seek potential naturally occurring anti-cancerous compounds which can be effective against cervical cancer through molecular docking studies.