Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Preference Construction in Negotiations | Loss Aversion and Quasi-Endowment |

A common assumption in negotiation analysis and game theoretic bargaining models is that negotiators have exogenously given preferences from the beginning of a negotiation on; in particular, these preferences are assumed to be independent of the history of oers made. However, empirical evidence gives rise to the assumption that preferences are endogenously constructed during the course of the negotiation. Negotiators might account for (quasi-) endowment based on oers they receive and subsequently devalue alternatives which were favorable at the outset. This bias might prevent ex-ante Pareto-optimal outcomes of negotiations. The paper motivates endogenous preference construction and adaptation. It outlines an experiment which aims at testing (1) whether preferences are constructed on the y during a negotiation and, if so, (2) in which way they are inuenced by the oers in the negotiation process. Results from a pilot experiment are presented and the nal experiment design is discussed.
Accounting for Incomplete Pass-Through

Recent theoretical work has suggested a number of potentially important factors in causing incomplete pass-through of exchange rates to prices, including markup adjustment, local costs and barriers to price adjustment. We empirically analyze the determinants of incomplete passthrough in the coee industry. The observed pass-through in this industry replicates key features of pass-through documented in aggregate data: prices respond sluggishly and incompletely to changes in costs. We use microdata on sales and prices to uncover the role of markup adjustment, local costs, and barriers to price adjustment in determining incomplete pass-through using a structural oligopoly model that nests all three potential factors. The implied pricing model explains the main dynamic features of short and long-run pass-through. Local costs reduce long-run pass-through by a factor of 59% relative to a CES benchmark. Markup adjustment reduces pass-through by an additional factor of 33%, where the extent of markup adjustment depends on the estimated \super-elasticity" of demand. The estimated menu costs are small (0:23% of revenue) and have a negligible eect on long-run pass-through, but are quantitatively successful in explaining the delayed response of prices to costs. We nd that delayed passthrough in the coee industry occurs almost entirely at the wholesale rather than the retail level.
Making k-means Even Faster

The k-means algorithm is widely used for clustering, compressing, and summarizing vector data. In this paper, we propose a new acceleration for exact k-means that gives the same answer, but is much faster in practice. Like Elkan’s accelerated algorithm [8], our algorithm avoids distance computations using distance bounds and the triangle inequality. Our algorithm uses one novel lower bound for point-center distances, which allows it to eliminate the innermost k-means loop 80% of the time or more in our experiments. On datasets of low and medium dimension (e.g. up to 50 dimensions), our algorithm is much faster than other methods, including methods based on low-dimensional indexes, such as k-d trees. Other advantages are that it is very simple to implement and it has a very small memory overhead, much smaller than other accelerated algorithms.
Susceptibilities to Telithromycin and Six Other Agents and Prevalence of Macrolide Resistance Due to L4 Ribosomal Protein Mutation among 992 Pneumococci from 10 Central and Eastern European Countries

ABSTRACT The macrolide and levofloxacin susceptibilities of 992 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from clinical specimens collected in 1999 and 2000 were determined in 10 centers in Central and Eastern European countries. The prevalences of penicillin G-intermediate (MICs, 0.125 to 1 μg/ml) and penicillin-resistant (MICs, ≤2 μg/ml) Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were 14.3 and 16.6%, respectively. The MICs at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC50s) and the MIC90s of telithromycin were 0.016 and 0.06 μg/ml, respectively; those of erythromycin were 0.06 and >64 μg/ml, respectively; those of azithromycin were 0.125 and >64 μg/ml, respectively; those of clarithromycin were 0.03 and >64 μg/ml, respectively; and those of clindamycin were 0.06 and >64 μg/ml, respectively. Erythromycin resistance was found in 180 S. pneumoniae isolates (18.1%); the highest prevalence of erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae was observed in Hungary (35.5%). Among erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae isolates, strains harboring erm(B) genes (125 strains [69.4%]) were found to be predominant over strains with mef(E) genes (25 strains [13.4%]), L4 protein mutations (28 strains [15.6%]), and erm(A) genes (2 strains [1.1%]). Similar pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns suggested that some strains containing L4 mutations from the Slovak Republic, Bulgaria, and Latvia were clonally related. Of nine strains highly resistant to levofloxacin (MICs, >8 μg/ml) six were isolated from Zagreb, Croatia. Telithromycin at ≤0.5 μg/ml was active against 99.8% of S. pneumoniae isolates tested and may be useful for the treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae isolates.
Viewpoint invariant object features attract overt visual attention

Biederman, I. (1987). Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image understanding. Psychological Review, 94, 115-147. Geusebroek, J., Burghouts, G. J., & Smeulders, A. W. M. (2005). The Amsterdam library of object images. International Journal of Computer Vision, 61(1), 103-112. Itti, L. , Niebur, E. , & Koch, C. (1998). A model of saliency-based fast visual attention for rapid scene analysis. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 20(11), 1254-1259. Lowe, D. G. (1999, September). Object recognition from local scale-invariant features. Paper presented at the International Conference on Computer Vision, Corfu, Greece, 1150-1157. Parkhurst, D. , Law, K. , & Niebur, E. (2002). Modeling the role of salience in the allocation of overt visual attention. Vision Research, 42, 107-123. Wolff, T. , Still, J. D. , Parkhurst, D. J. & Dark, V. J. (2007, May). Invariant Features Detected with Computer Vision Allow Better Human Object Recognition in Photographs. Poster presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, Chicago, IL. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT)
Modulation of folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis in women by graded menotrophin administration.

BACKGROUND To test the effects of progressively decreasing dosages of exogenous LH we combined various amounts of HMG, containing FSH, LH and HCG, and highly purified (HP) FSH to treat 120 GnRH agonist-suppressed infertile female patients as candidates for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). METHODS Subjects were randomly assigned to four treatment groups that received the following daily i.m. gonadotrophin regimens: A, FSH 150 IU only; B, FSH 150 IU and LH activity 37.5 IU; C, FSH 150 IU and LH activity 75 IU; D, FSH 150 IU and LH activity 150 IU. FSH dose adjustments were allowed only after the 14th treatment day. Monitoring included transvaginal ultrasound at 2-day intervals and daily determinations of LH, FSH, estradiol (E(2)), progesterone, testosterone and HCG. RESULTS Duration of COS was significantly shortened in patients receiving at least 75 IU daily of LH activity. Small (<10 mm diameter) pre-ovulatory ovarian follicle occurrence was inversely correlated with LH activity dose administered (r = -0.648, P < 0.0001) and serum HCG levels (r = -0.272, P < 0.01) but not to serum LH levels. Serum testosterone levels were positively correlated to the LH activity dose administered (r = 0.313, P < 0.001), while serum progesterone levels were positively correlated to the FSH dose administered (r = 0.447, P < 0.00001) but not to the LH activity dose administered. CONCLUSIONS Firstly, HCG content considerably contributes to HMG activity; secondly, menotrophin LH activity content can reduce in a dose-dependent manner the occurrence of small pre-ovulatory follicles; and finally, contrary to common belief, enhanced FSH stimulation rather than LH activity appears to cause premature follicle luteinization during COS.
Bactercline®-coated implants: Clinical results up to 1 year after loading from a controlled clinical trial

Background: Titanium dioxide exists in three different crystal lattices, anatase, rutile, and brookite. Anatase coating releases, under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, free radicals such as ·OH, O2-, HO2-, and H2O2. This potent oxidizing power characteristically results in the lysis of bacteria and other organic substances. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bone response to implants made of titanium alloy or coated with a new combination of anatase and Bactercline® product. Materials and Methods: In the period between July 2009 and June 2010, 26 patients (10 females and 16 males; median age 51 ± 11 years, min. 27 years, max. 72 years) were operated and 62 implants were inserted. Lost fixtures and peri-implant bone resorption were considered as predictors of clinical outcomes. Pearson χ2-test was used. Prosthesis and implant failures, any complications after loading, and peri-implant marginal bone-level changes were assessed by a masked assessor. All patients were followed up to 1 year after loading. Results: No implant was lost. Average bone resorption around implant was 0.33 mm (both for 25 standard and 37 Bactercline-coated implants), and thus no statistical difference was detected. Conclusion: These results shown that no adverse effects on osseo-integration were present.
The formation of compact massive self-gravitating discs in metal-free haloes with virial temperatures of ∼13 000–30 000 K

We have used the hydrodynamical adaptive mesh refinement code ENZO to investigate the dynamical evolution of the gas at the centre of dark matter haloes with virial velocities of ∼20-30 km s -1 and virial temperatures of ∼ 13 000-30 000K at z ∼ 15 in a cosmological context. The virial temperature of the dark matter haloes is above the threshold where atomic cooling by hydrogen allows the gas to cool and collapse. We neglect cooling by molecular hydrogen and metals, as may be plausible if H 2 cooling is suppressed by a metagalactic Lyman-Werner background or an internal source of Lyman-Werner photons, and metal enrichment has not progressed very far. The gas in the haloes becomes gravitationally unstable and develops turbulent velocities comparable to the virial velocities of the dark matter haloes. Within a few dynamical times, it settles into a nearly isothermal density profile over many decades in radius losing most of its angular momentum in the process. About 0.1-1 per cent of the baryons, at the centre of the dark matter haloes, collapse into a self-gravitating, fat, ellipsoidal, centrifugally supported exponential disc with scalelength of ∼0.075-0.27 pc and rotation velocities of 25-60 km s -1 . We are able to follow the settling of the gas into centrifugal support and the dynamical evolution of the compact disc in each dark matter halo for a few dynamical times. The dynamical evolution of the gas at the centre of the haloes is complex. In one of the haloes, the gas at the centre fragments into a triple system leading to strong tidal perturbations and eventually to the infall of a secondary smaller clump into the most massive primary clump. The formation of centrifugally supported self-gravitating massive discs is likely to be an important intermediary stage en route to the formation of a massive black hole seed.
Designing groupware for congruency in use

In this paper, we present experiences from long-term groupware development, introduction, and use in an organization. We report lessons learned concerning how a complex design process operates and how its components interact. Our experiences suggest that the processes of requirement analysis, system development, and user support need to facilitate the merging of individual work patterns into congruent system usage. We confirm the changing nature of groupware use by reporting empirical results describing different learning phases.
The rod circuit in the rabbit retina

Abstract Mammalian retinae have a well-defined neuronal pathway that serves rod vision. In rabbit retina, the different populations of interneurons in the rod pathway can be selectively labeled, either separately or in combination. The rod bipolar cells show protein kinase C immunoreactivity; the rod (An) amacrine cells can be distinguished in nuclear-yellow labeled retina; the rod reciprocal (S1 & S2) amacrine cells accumulate serotonin; and the dopaminergic amacrine cells show tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactivity. Furthermore, intracellular dye injection of the microscopically identified interneurons enables whole-population and single-cell studies to be combined in the same tissue. Using this approach, we have been able to analyze systematically the neuronal architecture of the rod circuit across the rabbit retina and compare its organization with that of the rod circuit in central cat retina. In rabbit retina, the rod interneurons are not organized in a uniform neuronal module that is simply scaled up from central to peripheral retina. Moreover, peripheral fields in superior and inferior retina that have equivalent densities of each neuronal type show markedly different rod bipolar to An amacrine convergence ratios, with the result that many more rod photoreceptors converge on an An amacrine cell in superior retina. In rabbit retina, much of the convergence in the rod circuit occurs in the outer retina whereas, in central cat retina, it is more evenly distributed between the inner and outer retina.
rDNA-directed integration by an HIV-1 integrase—I-PpoI fusion protein

Integrating viral vectors are efficient gene transfer tools, but their integration patterns have been associated with genotoxicity and oncogenicity. The recent development of highly specific designer nucleases has enabled target DNA modification and site-specific gene insertion at desired genomic loci. However, a lack of consensus exists regarding a perfect genomic safe harbour (GSH) that would allow transgenes to be stably and reliably expressed without adversely affecting endogenous gene structure and function. Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) has many advantages as a GSH, but efficient means to target integration to this locus are currently lacking. We tested whether lentivirus vector integration can be directed to rDNA by using fusion proteins consisting of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) and the homing endonuclease I-PpoI, which has natural cleavage sites in the rDNA. A point mutation (N119A) was introduced into I-PpoI to abolish unwanted DNA cleavage by the endonuclease. The vector-incorporated IN-I-PpoIN119A fusion protein targeted integration into rDNA significantly more than unmodified lentivirus vectors, with an efficiency of 2.7%. Our findings show that IN-fusion proteins can be used to modify the integration pattern of lentivirus vectors, and to package site-specific DNA-recognizing proteins into vectors to obtain safer transgene integration.
Small signal modeling and analysis of interleaved active-clamp forward converter with parallel input and series-parallel output

The small signal model of an interleaved active clamp forward converter with parallel input and series-parallel output is presented in this paper. With interleaved control schemes for two phases in the proposed combined converter, the second side windings of the transformers can work in series when the input voltage is low while in parallel when input voltage is high. In order to predict the system dynamic behavior and optimize the loop control, the small signal model is derived in this paper. Based on this model the closed loop compensation is designed and the theoretical dynamic behavior is obtained. Finally, the prototype circuit is built. Both the simulation and experiment results are presented to validate the small signal model.
Emotion Regulation in Schema Therapy and Dialectical Behavior Therapy

Schema therapy (ST) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) have both shown to be effective treatment methods especially for borderline personality disorder. Both, ST and DBT, have their roots in cognitive behavioral therapy and aim at helping patient to deal with emotional dysregulation. However, there are major differences in the terminology, explanatory models and techniques used in the both methods. This article gives an overview of the major therapeutic techniques used in ST and DBT with respect to emotion regulation and systematically puts them in the context of James Gross' process model of emotion regulation. Similarities and differences of the two methods are highlighted and illustrated with a case example. A core difference of the two approaches is that DBT directly focusses on the acquisition of emotion regulation skills, whereas ST does seldom address emotion regulation directly. All DBT-modules (mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, interpersonal effectiveness) are intended to improve emotion regulation skills and patients are encouraged to train these skills on a regular basis. DBT assumes that improved skills and skills use will result in better emotion regulation. In ST problems in emotion regulation are seen as a consequence of adverse early experiences (e.g., lack of safe attachment, childhood abuse or emotional neglect). These negative experiences have led to unprocessed psychological traumas and fear of emotions and result in attempts to avoid emotions and dysfunctional meta-cognitive schemas about the meaning of emotions. ST assumes that when these underlying problems are addressed, emotion regulation improves. Major ST techniques for trauma processing, emotional avoidance and dysregulation are limited reparenting, empathic confrontation and experiential techniques like chair dialogs and imagery rescripting.
Improvement of PS Measurement by Phase Compensation Method and Profile Fitting Method in White Light Phase Shifting Interferometry

In this paper, methods for decreasing mismeasurement by z-axis vibration in interferometry are proposed with the goal of improving measurement performance. The samples’ 3D height data is acquired by a phase compensation method which eliminates error components due to vibration. Also, the shape of the PS (Photo Spacer) is fitted to sigmoid function and remodeled by using its 3D height data and its CD (Critical Dimension) by subpixel level edge detection. The standard step height sample is measured at sinusoidal vibration of 2~20 Hz frequency and 50 nm amplitude to test improvement of measurement performance. Height repeatability (3σ) of a standard step height sample measurement is improved by more than 40% on average. Three types of PSs are also measured during vibration in the manufacturing process. Reliability of PS height and CD is within 1% in all cases. And repeatability of PS height and CD measurement is improved to a maximum of 65%. Stable measurement is possible during vibration in the manufacturing process by using a phase compensation method and a profile fitting method.
Mechanism of immunosuppression in males following trauma-hemorrhage. Critical role of testosterone.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether male sex steroids contribute to the depression in cell-mediated immunity following trauma-hemorrhage and resuscitation. DESIGN Two weeks before the induction of soft-tissue trauma (2.5-cm midline laparotomy) and hemorrhagic shock (mean [+/-SEM] blood pressure, 35 +/- 5 mm Hg), male C3H/HeN mice were castrated or sham castrated. Following trauma-hemorrhage, the mice were resuscitated and killed 24 hours thereafter to obtain whole blood and the spleen. RESULTS Splenocyte proliferation and splenocyte interleukin-2 and interleukin-3 release were significantly depressed in sham-castrated animals after trauma-hemorrhage. In contrast, these variables in castrated mice after trauma-hemorrhage were similar to those in sham-operated animals. Corticosterone plasma levels were significantly elevated in both trauma-hemorrhage groups compared with those in sham-operated mice. Plasma testosterone levels were undetectable in castrated animals and detectable in sham-castrated mice. CONCLUSIONS Castration before soft-tissue trauma and hemorrhagic shock maintains normal immune function in male mice, but sham-castrated male mice show significant immunodepression. The maintenance of immune function by androgen deficiency does not seem to be related to changes in the release of corticosterone. We conclude that male sex steroids are involved in the immunodepression observed after trauma-hemorrhage. Thus, the use of testosterone-blocking agents following trauma-hemorrhage should prevent the depression of immune functions and decrease the susceptibility to sepsis under those conditions.
A Single Pyramidal-Cell and Network Computational Model of the Hippocampal CA3 Region

The hippocampal formation consists of the dentate gyrus, the Cornu Ammonis (CA) subregions (also called hippocampus proper or Ammon's horn), the subiculum, and the entorhinal cortex. There are four histological subdivisions in the CA, namely: CA1, CA2, CA3 and CA4. Subarea CA3 has drawn attention for its major role in encoding spatial representations and episodic memories [1, 2]. Due to the presence of rich recurrent feedback connections, CA3 has been considered to play a key role in long-term memory formation. Moreover, CA3 has long been proposed as an auto-associative network capable of pattern completion and path integration for the retrieval and storage of episodic/declarative memory traces [3, 4]. It was hypothesised that a memory can be recalled using only a part of the memory as a cue [5]. CA3 may therefore be characterised as a pattern-completion network which auto-associatively matches new information coming from the entorhinal cortex with familiar experiences.
Design and Development of a Multimodal Biomedical Information Retrieval System

The search for relevant and actionable information is a key to achieving clinical and research goals in biomedicine. Biomedical information exists in different forms: as text and illustrations in journal articles and other documents, in images stored in databases, and as patients’ cases in electronic health records. This paper presents ways to move beyond conventional text-based searching of these resources, by combining text and visual features in search queries and document representation. A combination of techniques and tools from the fields of natural language processing, information retrieval, and content-based image retrieval allows the development of building blocks for advanced information services. Such services enable searching by textual as well as visual queries, and retrieving documents enriched by relevant images, charts, and other illustrations from the journal literature, patient records and image databases.
Linking Enterprise Data

The “Linking Open Data” community initiative contributed a great deal to the concretization of the web of data, describing best practice, publishing large sets of RDF data on the web, and consequently giving birth to a new area of possibilities for innovative mashups using these data. Enterprises’ information systems too can be envisioned as a space of linked data. We describe herein how we used Linked Data principles in a work intended to foster adoption of semantic web technologies in our company.