Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between Maternal Feeding Practices and Excessive Weight Gain in Infants

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the association between maternal feeding practices and excessive weight gain in infants. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design and included 240 pairs of mothers and their infants (129 boys and 111 girls) in public healthcare centers in the Daejeon area in South Korea. Via multivariate analyses, the association between maternal feeding practices and excessive weight gain in infants was identified. Results: Among 240 infants in this study, 39 (16.3%) infants gained excessive weight during 12 months after birth. Using multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for covariates, more than 7 months of exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a reduced likelihood of excessive weight gain in infants during the 12 months after birth (adjusted odds ratio: 0.39, 95% confidence interval: 0.02~0.81, p=.029). Conclusion: Based on these results, nurses in communities and clinics should educate mothers on the importance of longer durations of exclusive breast feeding and develop strategies for encouraging such behavior. Furthermore, support for exclusive breast feeding should be provided in various settings
Host residents’ perceptions towards a mega event: the case of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games

Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. Host residents’ perceptions towards a mega event: the case of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games Autor(es): Lykoudi, Dimitra Margieta; Zouni, Georgia Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle. net/10316.2/37377 DOI: DOI:http://dx.doi. org/10.14195/978-989-26-0754-2_16
A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Interventions for Afghan Refugee Mental Health: A Cultural Adaptation Analysis

Under the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees’ (UNHCR) seven-decade mandate, Afghan refugees have faced some of the largest and most protracted experiences with forced displacement. This intergenerational exposure to forced migration has had innumerable consequences for the mental health of this population across different stages of their displacement. Afghan refugees who have resettled into Western nations face a unique set of challenges as they must navigate resettlement into societies that are linguistically, culturally, and spiritually distinct from their own backgrounds. This systematic review explores the (a) effectiveness and (b) cultural adaptation of interventions that have addressed the mental health of Afghan refugees resettled into Western countries since the year 2000. This systematic review will employ the Cultural Treatment Adaptation Framework (CTAF) to organize the extent of cultural adaptations. Through the systematic search of four databases, 1709 studies emerged from our search terms, seven of which met the criteria for this review, for example, study includes more than 2/3 Afghan participants; study includes outcome variables. Studies included programs in Germany, Serbia, Sweden, and Austria. The most common outcomes that interventions addressed included posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n = 5), depression (n = 3), and quality of life (n = 3). Program modalities ranged between Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (n = 4), emotion regulation (n = 1), family therapy (n = 1), and multimodal interventions (n = 2). Most studies only incorporated peripheral changes to interventions in the service of cultural adaptation, and only one intervention included core changes. This program reported the highest effect sizes in reducing PTSD and depressive symptoms when compared with the rest of the studies. These findings provide a direction for future studies as they consider whether the extent of cultural adaptations can influence the effectiveness of programs for Afghan refugee populations. We provide recommendations for mental health practice with this population, including a special attention to the role of daily stressors, the significance of faith and culture-based meaning making in the service of coping, and the salience of isolation.
Analyzing the Impact of Evolving Combustion Conditions on the Composition of Wildfire Emissions Using Satellite Data

Wildfires have become larger and more frequent because of climate change, increasing their impact on air pollution. Air quality forecasts and climate models do not currently account for changes in the composition of wildfire emissions during the commonly observed progression from more flaming to smoldering combustion. Laboratory measurements have consistently shown decreased nitrogen dioxide (NO2) relative to carbon monoxide (CO) over time, as they transitioned from more flaming to smoldering combustion, while formaldehyde (HCHO) relative to CO remained constant. Here, we show how daily ratios between column densities of NO2 versus those of CO and HCHO versus CO from the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) changed for large wildfires in the Western United States. TROPOMI‐derived emission ratios were lower than those from the laboratory. We discuss reasons for the discrepancies, including how representative laboratory burns are of wildfires, the effect of aerosols on trace gas retrievals, and atmospheric chemistry in smoke plumes.
Least-squares reverse time migration with radon preconditioning

We present a least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) method using Radon preconditioning to regularize noisy or severely undersampled data. A high resolution local radon transform is used as a change of basis for the reflectivity and sparseness constraints are applied to the inverted reflectivity in the transform domain. This reflects the prior that for each location of the subsurface the number of geological dips is limited. The forward and the adjoint mapping of the reflectivity to the local Radon domain and back are done through 3D Fourierbased discrete Radon transform operators. The sparseness is enforced by applying weights to the Radon domain components which either vary with the amplitudes of the local dips or are thresholded at given quantiles. Numerical tests on synthetic and field data validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in producing images with improved SNR and reduced aliasing artifacts when compared with standard RTM or LSRTM.
Was China's zero-COVID policy the right choice? The multiple factor analysis of variables that affected the course of COVID-19 pandemic in China

Background After 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic and zero-COVID policy, a rapid increase in the number of daily COVID-19 infections was observed in China from November to December 2022. Therefore, we decided to analyze the factors that have been related to the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods The multiple factor analysis was conducted, using the data from publicly available databases from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to 30 January 2023. Results Our study showed that each year of the pandemic in China had different profiles and can be described by different variables: year 2020 was characterized by restrictions, such as international travel controls, stay at home requirements, and health system policies including contact tracing and protection of older adults; year 2021 was characterized by Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants; 2022 was characterized by new cases per million, Omicron lineages, and a few restrictions-related variables; and year 2023 was mainly described by the number of new deaths per million and Omicron variant 22B (BA.5) but also by testing and vaccination policies, as well as the number of people fully vaccinated per 100 and total boosters per 100. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has changed over time. Therefore, the anti-pandemic policies implemented must be dynamic and adapted to the current situation.
Modified Dixon sequential method to determine the effective dose of alfentanil compounded with propofol for day-case hysteroscopy

Background: Propofol combined with alfentanil is suitable for intravenous anesthesia for day-case hysteroscopy. Objective: To investigate the median effective dose (ED50) and 95% effective dose (ED95) of alfentanil compounded with propofol for day-case hysteroscopy. Design: In all, 29 patients who volunteered for painless hysteroscopy in 2022 were recruited. 1.5 mg/kg propofol was given as a sedative to all patients. The trial was conducted using the modified Dixon sequential method, with an initial dose of 10 μg/kg of alfentanil, and the subject’s alfentanil dose depended on whether the prior hysteroscopy had failed, which was defined as inadequate cervical dilatation and hysteroscope placement with the patient exhibiting body movement, frowning, or a MOAA/S score >1. If the hysteroscopy failed (i.e. a positive response), the subsequent subject’s alfentanil dosage was raised, and conversely (i.e. a negative response), the dose was decreased, with the adjacent dose ratio always being 1:1.2. The formal test begins with the first crossover wave and lasts until seven crossover waves materialize. Methods: The probit method was used to calculate the ED50, ED95, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of alfentanil compounded with propofol for hysteroscopy. Results: The ED50 and ED95 of alfentanil combined with propofol for day-case hysteroscopy were 5.701 (95% CI: 3.841–7.069) μg/kg and 8.817 (95% CI: 7.307–20.868) μg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: Alfentanil at 8.817 μg/kg in conjunction with propofol is a successful and safe approach for day-case painless hysteroscopy. Trial registration: The trial registry name: Modified sequential method to determine the half-effective dose of alfentanil compounded with propofol for ambulatory hysteroscopy. The URL of registration is https://www.chictr. org.cn/showproj.html? proj=171786, where the full trial protocol can be accessed. Registration number: ChiCTR2200061619.
Expression of neuroendocrine markers predicts increased survival in triple-negative breast cancer patients

Background The significance of neuroendocrine (NE) markers in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients has not been investigated. This study aims to clarify the incidence and prognostic significance of NE marker expression in TNBC, determine its association with other clinicopathological parameters, and further explore the pathological features and potential treatment options for TNBC patients expressing NE markers. Methods Clinicopathological data were collected from 396 TNBC patients undergoing radical breast cancer surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2002 to December 2014, with a final follow-up in July 2019. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed for NE markers including chromogranin A (CgA) and synaptophysin (Syn). For TNBC patients with positive NE marker expression, IHC staining was then performed for alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX), O(6)-methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT), somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), and programmed death receptor-ligand 1 (PD-L1). The chi-square or Fisher exact test was used to evaluate the correlations between NE marker expression and other parameters. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method to assess the prognostic significance of NE markers in TNBC. Results NE marker-positive staining was observed in 7.6% (30/396) of all TNBC cases. Only 0.5% (2/396) cases had ≥ 90% neoplastic cells expressing NE markers. Positive NE marker expression was associated with negative basal-like marker expression. K-M survival analysis showed that the NE marker-positive TNBC patients had higher disease-free survival (DFS) rates than the NE marker-negative patients at the same stage. Among the 30 NE marker-positive TNBC cases, 13.3% and 26.7% showed negative IHC staining for ATRX and MGMT, respectively, while 13.3% had a 3+ score for SSTR2 IHC staining. For PD-L1 IHC staining, 13.3% of the 30 TNBC cases were higher than 10 scores in Combined Positive Score (CPS), and 10.0% were higher than 10% in Tumor Cell Proportion Score (TPS). Conclusion There was a small proportion of TNBC patients expressing NE markers. TNBC patients with positive NE marker expression had a better prognosis than the negative group at the same stage. TNBC cases with positive NE marker expression may potentially benefit from immunotherapy or somatostatin analogue treatment.
Leaf Extracts of Invasive Woody Species Demonstrate Allelopathic Effects on the Growth of a Lawn Grass Mixture

Biochemical composition was studied in the leaf litter of alien woody species included in the 100 most aggressive invasive species of Europe: Ailanthus altissima, Quercus rubra, Acer negundo, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Elaeagnus angustifolia. Using GC-MS, we detected 187 metabolites in the leaf litter, which are phenolic acids and their derivatives, carbohydrates and their derivatives, polyphenolic compounds, cyclic esters, glycosides, and amino acids and their derivatives. Species-specific metabolites were identified for each species. The main allelochemicals in the leaf litter extract of Q. rubra are determined mainly by the relative abundance of phenolic and fatty acids and their esters, whereas those in the leaf litter extract of R. pseudoacacia are determined by carbohydrates and their derivatives and ester of fatty acid, and those in the leaf litter extract of A. altissima are determined by glycosides. Profiles of macro- and microelements were characterized. It was found that aqueous extracts of leaf litter from all the invasive woody plants under study have a negative effect on the seed germination and initial growth of Vicia cracca and Avena strigosa used for the reclamation of disturbed urban and industrial lands. At the same time, V. cracca is potentially more sensitive.
Few-shot EEG sleep staging based on transductive prototype optimization network

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a commonly used technology for monitoring brain activities and diagnosing sleep disorders. Clinically, doctors need to manually stage sleep based on EEG signals, which is a time-consuming and laborious task. In this study, we propose a few-shot EEG sleep staging termed transductive prototype optimization network (TPON) method, which aims to improve the performance of EEG sleep staging. Compared with traditional deep learning methods, TPON uses a meta-learning algorithm, which generalizes the classifier to new classes that are not visible in the training set, and only have a few examples for each new class. We learn the prototypes of existing objects through meta-training, and capture the sleep features of new objects through the “learn to learn” method of meta-learning. The prototype distribution of the class is optimized and captured by using support set and unlabeled high confidence samples to increase the authenticity of the prototype. Compared with traditional prototype networks, TPON can effectively solve too few samples in few-shot learning and improve the matching degree of prototypes in prototype network. The experimental results on the public SleepEDF-2013 dataset show that the proposed algorithm outperform than most advanced algorithms in the overall performance. In addition, we experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of cross-channel recognition, which indicates that there are many similar sleep EEG features between different channels. In future research, we can further explore the common features among different channels and investigate the combination of universal features in sleep EEG. Overall, our method achieves high accuracy in sleep stage classification, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach and its potential applications in other medical fields.
Unique considerations in regional anesthesia for emergency department and non-or procedures

The only interface that many patients have with medical systems often occurs in the emergency department (ED) setting. It is in these front-line arenas that patients present with uncontrolled pain from a variety of sources, including trauma or pre-existing medical conditions. Intervening on behalf of patients in this setting has the potential to decrease hospital admissions, decrease the overall opioid load in the community, and unburden over-whelmed ED systems. There are a variety of conditions for which the application of regional anesthesia in this environment may be bene ﬁ cial. Further, patients in the ED setting may bene ﬁ t from the creation of collaborative analgesic efforts with anesthesiologist colleagues to ensure that regional anesthesia is consistently performed in a safe and ef ﬁ cacious manner that is consistent with contemporary ASA and ASRA Pain Medicine guidelines. 1,2 In addition, emergency medicine residency training has grown to include regional ultrasound training. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia is now viewed as a valuable skill among emergency medicine residency programs, but few have established formal credentialling pathways. 3 There are a variety of potential concerns associated with regional anesthesia in the ED that may be related to either training, patient follow-up, or complication management. However, these likely represent obstacles that can be thoughtfully overcome in most settings to not preclude regional anesthesia offerings to patients in need. Similarly, while efforts to extend the bene ﬁ ts of regional anesthesia to patients in the perioperative setting have been greatly successful, there remain signi ﬁ cant patient cohorts who experience pain in the setting of nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) encounters that might also bene ﬁ t from a reappraisal of analgesic strategies. NORA represents an increasing share of anesthetizing locations and is projected to represent greater than 50% of all cases in the next decade. 4,5 These cases can be incredibly diverse in scope and can involve collaborations with specialists within psychiatry, gastroenterology, cardiology, interventional
Growth Performance of Different Blackberry Cultivars in Nanjing

In order to provide a scientific basis for cultivar identification and cultivation of blackberry,growth performance of 11 blackberry cultivars in Nanjing was investigated and analyzed.The results showed that average content of chlorophyll in functional leaves was(40.87±4.84) spad,and chlorophyll content in a cultivar was stable at different growth period.But there were great differences between chlorophyll contents in 11 blackberry cultivars.Average size of compound leaves was(1.51±0.25) dm2,and the differences between cultivars were significant.The size of leave in Chester with the maximum value was 1.65 times that in Triple Crown with the minimum value.Average number of leaflets was(4 815±3 880),average leaf area per plant was(7.65±5.94) m2,and the differences between cultivars were very significant.Leaf area per plant in Kiowa with the most leaflets was the biggest,up to(22.92±6.72) m2,which was far higher than that in the other cultivars.Number of branches and tendrils was(26.32±10.92),annual increment was(2.14±1.52) dm3,and the differences between cultivars were very significant.The number of branches and tendrils of Young with the minimum value was not up to a quarter of that of Kiowa with the maximum value.The annual increments of Kiowa and Triple Crown with the maximum value were over 10 times than that of Young with the minimum value.
Comparative RNA-Seq Analysis between Monoecious and Androecious Plants Reveals Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Female Flowering in Cucurbita pepo

In the monoecious Cucurbita pepo, the transition to female flowering is the time at which the plant starts the production of female flowers after an initial male phase of development. Ethylene plays an essential role in this process since some ethylene deficient and ethylene-insensitive mutants are androecious and only produce male flowers. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating the specification and early development of female flowers, we have compared the transcriptomic changes occurring in the shoot apices of WT and androecious ethylene-insensitive etr1b mutant plants upon female flowering transition. There were 1160 female flowering-specific DEGs identified in WT plants upon female flowering, and 284 of them were found to be modulated by the ethylene-insensitive etr1b mutation. The function of these DEGs indicated that female flower specification depends on the adoption of a transcriptional program that includes previously identified sex-determining genes in the ethylene pathway, but also genes controlling the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of other phytohormones, and those encoding for many different transcription factors. The transcriptomic changes suggested that gibberellins play a negative role in female flowering, while ethylene, auxins, ABA and cytokinins are positive regulators. Transcription factors from 34 families, including NAC, ERF, bHLH, bZIP, MYB and C2H2/CH3, were found to be regulating female flowering in an ethylene-dependent or -independent manner. Our data open a new perspective of the molecular mechanisms that control the specification and development of female flowers in C. pepo.
Gate Bias Effects on Hydrogen-Terminated Polycrystalline Diamond FETs

In this article, gate bias (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {GS},\text {stress}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> effects on the hydrogen (H)-terminated polycrystalline diamond field effect transistors (FETs) are investigated. A 7- to 8-nm AlOx interface layer is found between the Al metal and polycrystalline diamond by electrical and microstructure characterization. The threshold voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {TH}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and ON-resistance (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {on}}{)}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> exhibit different changing trends under varying <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {GS},\text {stress}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Specifically, a bidirectional shift of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {TH}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is observed during gate bias stress. To explain the distinct behavior of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {TH}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> shift and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R}_{\text {ON}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> change occurring under gate bias, holes trapping by defects, H-motion, and surface leakage electron trapping models are proposed. Under negative gate bias, holes in 2-D hole gas channel are captured by the interface states and/or defects in the AlOx layer, resulting in a negative shift of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V} _{\text {TH}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Simultaneously, H-motion in the AlOx layer under gate bias leads to the generation of negative charges. Additionally, electrons in the surface leakage path are trapped by defects on the diamond surface in the access region, leading to decreased access region resistance. For a harsh gate bias, a high density of new defects is generated, and a defect density changes from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.9\times 10^{{21}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ev−1cm−3 for the fresh device to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5.1\times 10^{{23}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ev−1cm−3 for the device after gate bias (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{\text {GS},\text {stress}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> = −4 V) which is characterized by using the low-frequency noise measurements. These findings highlight the importance of surface passivation and high-quality gate dielectric in suppressing charging effects and new defect generation in H-terminated polycrystalline diamond FETs, ultimately contributing to device stability.