Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Securing BSN's Private Data of Patient's using an Efficient Two Password Authentication Technique

Security plays a vital role in the transmission of data from the sender to the receiver whether it will be wired network or wireless network. Wireless body sensor networks are the devices that are embedded in the body of the patient’s so that the patient health will be observed by the doctor. Although wireless body sensor network devices are used to sense the data that can be send to the database storage from where the doctor can read the patient’s data, but here privacy of the patient’s data concerns an important issue when the data send from sensors to storage site and from storage site to doctor. Here in this paper, providing an efficient technique of securing patient’s private data using two password authentication techniques along with the use of IBEECIES(Identity based encryption-Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption Scheme).
Under Consideration for Publication in J. Functional Programming Concrete Stream Calculus

This paper shows how to reason about streams concisely and precisely. Streams, infinite sequences of elements, live in a coworld: they are given by a coinductive datatype, operations on streams are implemented by corecursive programs, and proofs are typically concocted using coinduction. This paper offers an alternative to coinduction. Suitably restricted, stream equations possess unique solutions. This property gives rise to a simple and attractive proof technique, essentially bringing equational reasoning to the coworld. We redevelop the theory of recurrences, finite calculus and generating functions using streams and stream operators, building on the cornerstone of unique solutions. The paper contains a smörgåsbord of examples: we study recursion elimination, investigate the binary carry sequence, explore Sprague-Grundy numbers and present two proofs of Moessner's Theorem. The calculations benefit from the rich structure of streams. As the type of streams is an applicative functor we can effortlessly lift operations and their properties to streams. In combination with Haskell's facilities for overloading, this greatly contributes to conciseness of notation. The development is indeed constructive: streams and stream operators are implemented in Haskell, usually by one-liners. The resulting calculus or library, if you wish, is elegant and fun to use.
Using fuzzy logic to handle the semantic descriptions of music in a content-based retrieval system

This paper explores the potential use of fuzzy logic for semantic music recommendation. We show that a set of affective/emotive, structural and kinaesthetic descriptors can be used to formulate a query which allows the retrieval of intended music. A semantic music recommendation system was built, based on an elaborate study of potential users and an analysis of the semantic descriptors that best characterize the user's understanding of music. Significant relationships between expressive and structural semantic descriptions of music were found. Fuzzy logic was then applied to handle the quality ratings associated with the semantic descriptions. A working semantic music recommendation system was tested and evaluated. Real-world testing revealed high user satisfaction.
Modeling facial expression space for recognition

In this paper, we present a method of modeling facial expression space for facial expression recognition by fuzzy integral. In traditional expression recognition methods using shape features, there are problems in describing both the uncertainty in facial expression classification and the relationship between facial features and facial expressions. Using facial expression space model, those problems can be solved easily. Firstly, we use values of fuzzy integral in different facial expression spaces to describe the uncertainty of facial expression. Secondly, by the fuzzy measure automatically constructed in each facial expression space, we deal with different effects of facial features for facial expression classification. Experiments show this method has a good ability of describing the uncertainty of facial expression and acquires good results of classification.
The A2iA French handwriting recognition system at the Rimes-ICDAR2011 competition

This paper describes the system for the recognition of French handwriting submitted by A2iA to the competition organized at ICDAR2011 using the Rimes database. This system is composed of several recognizers based on three different recognition technologies, combined using a novel combination method. A framework multi-word recognition based on weighted finite state transducers is presented, using an explicit word segmentation, a combination of isolated word recognizers and a language model. The system was tested both for isolated word recognition and for multi-word line recognition and submitted to the RIMES-ICDAR2011 competition. This system outperformed all previously proposed systems on these tasks.
Detectability index describes the information conveyed by sonographic images

We have been developing the ideal observer formalism for sonography, which is based on the best-possible diagnostic performance. The ideal performance was compared to that of trained human observers to estimate the visual efficiency for discriminating lesion features. We find that humans are generally less than 10% efficient at accessing visual information essential for breast cancer diagnosis. In seeking ways to improve this process, we must first establish a connection between standard ROC observer metrics and instrument properties used in system design. In radiography, that relationship is made through the lesion signal-to-noise ratio SNRI. SNRI2, which describes task information, is simply related to contrast and spatial resolutions and noise power. Those relations break down for sonography due to the quadratic form of the ideal observer. Our goal in this paper is to establish a rigorous connection between ideal performance and engineering design metrics, which has directly applications for sonographic system design and optimization.
A Framework For The Treatment Of Financial Contagion Effects In The Context Of The Actual European Turbulences

There is still a debate regarding a possible restoring of the confidence in European financial markets because there are still underlying problems from the super-sized finance that actually worsened. Anti crisis strategy efficiency and future costs of real reform make analysts more prudent in forecasts. In addition, a possible reduction risk appetite and the loss of confidence will fuel a negative perspective regarding the recovery of emerging economies, extreme fragile to regional or global contagion effects. In modern financial crises, the events spiral out of control, panic and contagion come very fast. Greek debt crisis is the most serious extreme financial event in the Eurozone, with severe contagion features. An analysis of Eurocontagion effects in the context of Greece crisis by using a dynamic version of the Hawkes jump-diffusion model is suggested.
Integration of terrain referenced navigation system with INS using Kalman filter

This paper investigates terrain referenced navigation (TRN) system integrated with inertial navigation system (INS). TRN system estimates navigation information of an aircraft by using a terrain elevation database and radar altimeter measurements. We derive 15-state strapdown INS error kinematics equations to design fusion algorithm. A point mass filter (PMF) based on Bayesian estimation is applied to the terrain navigation and the output is yields by a minimum mean square error (MMSE) method. The output of the terrain navigation is integrated with the position of the INS by Kalman filter and the estimated INS error is feedback to the INS. Simulations are constructed to evaluate the proposed method and the results show that the navigation accuracy of the aircraft is improved through the TRN/INS integration technique.
Orbital X-Ray Variability of the Microquasar LS 5039

The properties of the orbit and the donor star in the high-mass X-ray binary microquasar LS 5039 indicate that accretion processes should mainly occur via a radiatively driven wind. In such a scenario, significant X-ray variability would be expected due to the eccentricity of the orbit. The source has been observed at X-rays by several missions, although with a poor coverage that prevents reaching any conclusion about orbital variability. Therefore, we conducted RXTE observations of the microquasar system LS 5039 covering a full orbital period of 4 days. Individual observations are well fitted with an absorbed power law plus a Gaussian at 6.7 keV, to account for iron-line emission that is probably a diffuse background feature. In addition, we have taken into account that the continuum is also affected by significant diffuse background contamination. Our results show moderate power-law flux variations on timescales of days, as well as the presence of miniflares on shorter timescales. The new orbital ephemerides of the system recently obtained by Casares et al. have allowed us to show, for the first time, that an increase of emission is seen close to the periastron passage, as expected in an accretion scenario. Moreover, the detected orbital variability is a factor of ~4 smaller than the one expected by using a simple wind accretion model, and we suggest that an accretion disk around the compact object could be responsible for this discrepancy. On the other hand, significant changes in the photon index are also observed, clearly anticorrelated with the flux variations. We interpret the overall X-ray spectral characteristics of LS 5039 in the context of X-ray radiation produced by inverse Compton and/or synchrotron processes in the jet of this microquasar.
Quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from the faecal microbiota of healthy volunteers after ciprofloxacin exposure are highly adapted to a commensal lifestyle.

OBJECTIVES Quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) primarily emerge in commensal bacteria under selective pressure. The aim of this work was to investigate the characteristics of QREC from the faecal microbiota after quinolone exposure, as they remain largely unknown. METHODS Forty-eight healthy volunteers received ciprofloxacin from day 1 to day 14. QREC were detected in stools from 14 subjects at day 42. QREC were compared in terms of genetic background, metabolic properties, stress resistance and intestinal colonization abilities with quinolone-susceptible E. coli (QSEC) from the same 14 individuals and from 29 volunteers who remained QREC-free. RESULTS QREC always belonged to a single clone for a given volunteer and to restricted phylogenetic groups. QREC carried significantly more iron capture systems than QSEC. Maximum growth rates in minimal medium with gluconate, general stress regulator RpoS activity assessed by iodine staining and resistance to oxidative and acid stresses were significantly higher for QREC than for QSEC. In a mouse colonization model, QREC efficiently colonized the intestine microbiota despite the presence of QSEC competitors. At day 42, QREC and QSEC faecal counts from the 14 volunteers were comparable except in three subjects where only QREC could be detected. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that QREC do not have a fitness cost, probably as a result of genetic co-selection, but are highly adapted to a commensal lifestyle. They may not be eliminated easily from the faecal microbiota from healthy subjects once selected.
Causal inferences from many experiments

ABSTRACT The underlying statistical concept that animates empirical strategies for extracting causal inferences from observational data is that observational data may be adjusted to resemble data that might have originated from a randomized experiment. This idea has driven the literature on matching methods. We explore an un-mined idea for making causal inferences with observational data – that any given observational study may contain a large number of indistinguishably balanced matched designs. We demonstrate how the absence of a unique best solution presents an opportunity for greater information retrieval in causal inference analysis based on the principle that many solutions teach us more about a given scientific hypothesis than a single study and improves our discernment with observational studies. The implementation can be achieved by integrating the statistical theories and models within a computational optimization framework that embodies the statistical foundations and reasoning.
Do Football Clubs Benefit from Initial Public Offerings

This study analyzes the effects of initial public offerings (IPO) on the performance of European football clubs. We use a unique panel dataset consisting of domestic and international performance data to investigate a football club’s on-field performance before and after going public. The study finds that the performance of football clubs does not improve on average with or after an IPO. Only football clubs in lower divisions benefit from a stock market listing. At the international level, there is no evidence of an improved performance associated with the IPO. The findings are consistent with shareholder ownership imposing tacit restrictions towards excessive debt and investments.
Defamation : law, procedure & practice

Part One--What the Claimants must Prove General The defamatory statement Publication Identification Slander claims and special damages Malicious falsehood Part Two--Defences General Justification Fair comment Privilege--general Absolute privilege Qualified privilege--duty and interest Qualified privilege--Reynolds Qualified privilege--reports Secondary responsibility Offer of amends Miscellaneous defences and prohibitions or restrictions on bringing a defamation claim Malice Part Three--Remedies General Damages Injunctions Apologies Part Four--Procedure, Strategy and Tactics General considerations for claimants General considerations for defendants Defamation and the CPR Commencing a defamation claim Jurisdiction--claims with a foreign element Statements of case Summary disposal and strike out Disclosure and further information From CMC to trial Trial Appeals Costs, security for costs and conditional fees Part Five--Specific Considerations Internet Pre-publication consideration
JMTk: A portable memory management toolkit

JMTk is a memory management toolkit written in Java for the JikesRVM Java Virtual Machine. JMTk provides reusable components for the development of allocation and garbage collection algorithms, and an efficient implementation of a rapidly growing number of memory management schemes, and is a significant enabler for memory management research. A portable version of JMTk would allow the growing body of memory management research done using it to be repeated in different language environments, and to study the different performance characteristics of algorithms across programming languages without the variation in implementation techniques that clouds such issues today. This thesis describes a project that has ported JMTk for use in C/C++ based language runtimes. The project has used the gcj ahead-of-time java compiler and a source transformation technique to produce a version of JMTk that can efficiently perform memory management for traditionally compiled systems. It is currently running in a testbed environment, where it provides interesting comparisons between accurate and conservative garbage collection techniques. The source transformation tool is currently in use by a team at Purdue, to integrate JMTk into the OVM Java Virtual machine. This thesis also describes partially completed work to incorporate JMTk into the runtime of the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (ghc), and describes the difficulties that were encountered in the process, and an approach that should enable the work to be completed in the future. The thesis describes the architecture and construction of the ported system, the source code transformation process used, and evaluates the performance of the final product. It also explores possible future extensions of the techniques used, looks at the issues surrounding working with complex software such as the ghc runtime, and provides a brief evaluation of Java as a system programming language. The key contribution of this thesis is therefore the availability of JMTk to researchers and developers of language runtimes, and a convincing demonstration of the use of Java in a new application domain.
Non-uniform quantization scheme for the decoding of low-density parity-check codes with the sum-product algorithm

In this paper, a non-uniform quantization scheme is proposed for the decoding of Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes with the Sum-Product Algorithm (SPA). With the proposed scheme, the quantization-range and quantization-interval for the soft Log-Likelihood-Ratio (LLR) values of the decoder input, the variable nodes, and the check nodes are set separately, and are also adjusted according to the evolution of the probability density distribution of the LLR values in the iterative decoding procedure to minimize the difference between the decoding values before quantization and that after quantization. Simulation results show that decoding with 3-bit non-uniform quantization of the proposed scheme may obtain a BER performance slightly better than that of decoding with 6-bits quantization of the traditional uniform quantization method.
Therapeutic Peptide Vaccine-Induced CD8 T Cells Strongly Modulate Intratumoral Macrophages Required for Tumor Regression

Intratumor macrophages were found to be functionally malleable and can support, or be inhospitable to, tumors. Vaccine-induced cytokine-producing CD8 T cells modified intratumoral macrophage subsets, and both T cells and macrophages were indispensable for tumor regressions. Abundant macrophage infiltration of solid cancers commonly correlates with poor prognosis. Tumor-promoting functions of macrophages include angiogenesis, metastasis formation, and suppression of Th1-type immune responses. Here, we show that successful treatment of cervical carcinoma in mouse models with synthetic long peptide (SLP) vaccines induced influx of cytokine-producing CD8 T cells that strongly altered the numbers and phenotype of intratumoral macrophages. On the basis of the expression of CD11b, CD11c, F4/80, Ly6C, Ly6G, and MHC II, we identified four myeloid subpopulations that increased in numbers from 2.0-fold to 8.7-fold in regressing tumors. These changes of the intratumoral myeloid composition coincided with macrophage recruitment by chemokines, including CCL2 and CCL5, and were completely dependent on a vaccine-induced influx of tumor-specific CD8 T cells. CD4 T cells were dispensable. Incubation of tumor cells with T cell–derived IFNγ and TNFα recapitulated the chemokine profile observed in vivo, confirming the capacity of antitumor CD8 T cells to mediate macrophage infiltration of tumors. Strikingly, complete regressions of large established tumors depended on the tumor-infiltrating macrophages that were induced by this immunotherapy, because a small-molecule drug inhibitor targeting CSF-1R diminished the number of intratumoral macrophages and abrogated the complete remissions. Survival rates after therapeutic SLP vaccination deteriorated in the presence of CSF-1R blockers. Together, these results show that therapeutic peptide vaccination could induce cytokine-producing T cells with strong macrophage-skewing capacity necessary for tumor shrinkage, and suggest that the development of macrophage-polarizing, rather than macrophage-depleting, agents is warranted. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(9); 1042–51. ©2015 AACR.
A Stereotaxic Modification for Retinal Neurophysiology

Kopf stereotaxic, thereby enabling it to be adapted for use in retinal physiology. A fundamental requirement for all visual physiology is an unobstructed visual field. This can be partially achieved using the standard optical investigation unit, in which the animal faces the rear of the instrument. However, in this configuration, the zero horizontal meridian is still somewhat obstructed. This can be remedied by using the Kopf optical investigation unit (875) in conjunction with the offset earbars and raised eyepieces (866), as shown in Fig. 1. The raised earbars place the zero horizontal meridian 35mm above the main support bars of the apparatus resulting in a visual field that is significantly less obstructed. The raised eyebars can be easily attached to the optical investigation assembly, and since they are also designed to raise the lower orbital margin by 35mm, the animal's head remains in stereotaxic orientation (even though proper stereotaxic orientation is not strictly required for retinal physiology, it is useful whenever it is necessary to place stimulating electrodes in central visual structures such as the optic tract, and visually important axes and planes of reference are commonly expressed in terms of standard Horsley-Clark planes (Bishop,_ Kozak and Vakkur, 1962)]. The mouth bar can also be inverted to ensure that the head is firmly held in the apparatus. It is convenient, when the animal faces the rear of the stereotaxic, to place the animal's body under the frame of the stereotaxic, with the body aligned at an angle of about 45 deg. to the sagittal plane of the skull. The height of the instrument can be easily adjusted to suit the size of the animal. In addition to greatly expanding the amount of unobstructed visual field, this arrangement has the advantage of making the eye itself freely accessible by raising it well above the main parts of the apparatus. The supports for the optical investigation unit can now be used to mount any additional apparatus that is required to support and position a recording electrode within the eye itself. Such devices are typically modified versions of the one originally described by Kuffler (1953). The particular device shown in Fig. 1 was designed and built by Dr. Jonathan Stone and Mr. David Solomons of the University of New South Wales, in Sydney, Australia, and incorporates the accumulated experiences and ideas of dozens of investigators from all over the world. It consists essentially of a 17gauge stainless steel hypodermic needle which can be inserted into the vitreous chamber of the eye and through which a microelectrode can be introduced (Fig. 2). A small brass ball, approximately 4mm in diameter has been fitted on to the needle and soldered in place about 5mm from its bevelled end.
A Fluid Self-excited Oscillation Peculiar to Flat Ring Tube and its Application to Wearable Robots

A novel fluid power actuator called flat ring tube (FRT) is introduced in this paper. The mechanism of FRT is so simple that it only needs a urethane flat tube and some water pressure. No valves or switches are required. Applying constant water pressure results in periodic oscillation of the tube. The frequency is proportional to the flow rate of the water and inversely proportional to the tube length. By contacting the tube with a motor shaft, the motor rotates due to the periodic tube oscillation. Thus, we succeeded in rotating the motor without using any electricity. There are many possible applications with FRT, and we are developing a wearable massage device which makes people feel comfortable and improves their circulation of the blood.
A survey on indoor positioning systems

This paper aims to provide the reader with a review of the main technologies explored in the literature to solve the indoor localization issue. Furthermore, some systems that use these enabling technologies in real-world scenarios are presented and discussed. This could deliver a better understanding of the state-of-the-art and motivate new research efforts in this promising field. Finally, focusing on one of the major challenges in the indoor localization field, i.e., the indoor animal tracking, existing indoor tracking systems have been reviewed and compared by analyzing advantages and drawbacks.