Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LOCALIZATION IN COALGEBRAS: APPLICATIONS TO FINITENESS CONDITIONS

We introduce the notion of right strictly quasi-finite coalgebras, as coalgebras with the property that the class of quasi-finite right comodules is closed under factor comodules, and study its properties. A major tool in this study is the local techniques, in the sense of abstract localization.
Algorithmic Considerations in Memristive Memory Processing Units ( MPU )

Memristive technologies are attractive candidates to replace conventional memory technologies, and can also be used to perform logic and arithmetic operations using a technique called 'stateful logic. ' Combining data storage and computation in the memory array enables a novel non-von Neumann architecture, where both the operations are performed within a Memory Processing Unit (MPU). The use of an MPU alleviates the primary restriction on performance and energy in von Neumann machine, which is the data transfer between CPU and memory. To optimize the speed, energy, and area efficiency of the MPU, different algorithms need to be developed. This paper discusses the considerations in setting the sequence of computing operations in an MPU and presents examples of two operations that can benefit from processing within memristive memory. Keywords— Memristive systems, memristor, logic design, MAGIC, crossbar memory, memory controller, CPU, MPU.
MicroRNAs: Modulators of Cell Identity, and their Applications in Tissue Engineering

MicroRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of approximately 60% of the mammalian genes, and have an important role in maintaining the differentiated state of somatic cells through the expression of unique tissue-specific microRNA sets. Likewise, the stemness of pluripotent cells is also sustained by embryonic stem cell-enriched microRNAs, which regulate genes involved in cell cycle, cell signaling and epigenetics, among others. Thus, microRNAs work as modulator molecules that ensure the appropriate expression profile of each cell type. Manipulation of microRNA expression might determine the cell fate. Indeed, microRNA-mediated reprogramming can change the differentiated status of somatic cells towards stemness or, conversely, microRNAs can also transform stem- into differentiated-cells both in vitro and in vivo. In this Review, we outline what is currently known in this field, focusing on the applications of microRNA in tissue engineering.
Multi-Core/Multi-IP Technology for Embedded Applications

SoC has driven the evolution of embedded systems or consumer electronics. Multi-core/multi-IP is the key technology to integrate many functions on a SoC for future embedded applications. In this paper, the transition of SoC and its required functions for cellular phones as an example is described. And the state-of-the-art multi-core technology of homogeneous type and heterogeneous type are shown. When many cores and IPs are integrated on a chip, collaboration between cores and IPs becomes important to meet requirement. To realize it, "MPSoC Platform" concept and elementary technology for this platform is described.
The metallicity dependence of the long-duration gamma-ray burst rate from host galaxy luminosities

We investigate the difference between the host galaxy properties of core-collapse supernovae (CC SNe) and long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs), and quantify a possible metallicity dependence of the efficiency of producing LGRBs. We use a sample of 16 CC SNe and 16 LGRBs from Fruchter et al. which have similar redshift distributions to eliminate galaxy evolution biases. We make a forward prediction of their host galaxy luminosity distributions from the overall cosmic metallicity distribution of star formation. The latter is based on luminosity functions, star formation rates (SFRs) and luminosity-metallicity (L-Z) relations of galaxies. This appioach is supported by the finding that LGRB hosts follow the L-Z relations of star-forming galaxies. We then compare predictions for metallicity-dependent event efficiencies with the observed host data. We find that ultraviolet-based SFR estimates predict the host distribution of CC SNe perfectly well in a metallicity-independent form. In contrast, LGRB hosts are on average fainter by one magnitude, almost as faint as the Large Magellanic Cloud. Assuming this to be a metallicity effect, the present data are insufficient to discriminate between a sharp cut-off and a soft decrease in efficiency towards higher metallicity. For a sharp cut-off, however, we find a best value for the cut-off metallicity, as reflected in the oxygen abundance, 12 + log (O/H) lim ≃ 8.7 ± 0.3 at 95 per cent confidence including systematic uncertainties, in the calibration of Asplund, Grevesse & Sauval. This value is somewhat lower than the traditionally quoted value for the Sun, but is comparable to the revised solar oxygen abundance. LGRB models that require sharp metallicity cut-offs well below approximately one-half the revised solar metallicity appear to be effectively ruled out, as they would require fainter LGRB hosts than those that are observed. We also discuss the likely implications of the still ongoing metallicity 'calibration debate'.
Web Information Extraction Based on Hierarchical Model

A hierarchical extraction model based on Hidden Markov model is proposed after analyzing some existing algorithms used in the field of Web information extraction. We firstly annotate atom information items and compound information items in HTML documents and then use a bottomup clustering method to build a DOM+ tree. At last, we make use of the annotated information of atom information items and compound information items with the compound information items’ paths in DOM+ tree to build the hierarchical extraction model. Experiments show that we may get better performance by using hierarchical extraction model. Keywords-Information Extraction; HMM; DOM + Tree; Hierarchical Extraction Model
On the usability of OO representations

OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OOO OO O OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO O OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO O OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO O OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OOOO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OOOO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OO OOOO OO OO OO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM October 2000/Vol. 43, No. 10 83 On the Usability of oo Representations
Poverty, Public Health and Local Foods Staff Paper Series

In this exploratory analysis we explore the interplay between poverty, public health and access to local foods using data for U.S. counties. We ask one simple question: Does access to local foods dampen or mitigate the relationship between poverty and health? As expected we find a strong relationship between poverty and public health and we also find that access to higher levels of local foods activity is associated with higher levels of public health. The interaction between poverty and local foods, however, suggests that higher concentrations of both are associated with poorer, not better health. From a global perspective we find that the presence of local foods related activity tends to have a positive impact on health, but that relationship is not consistent across the United States. Our results suggest that the interplay between local foods, poverty and health is subtle and the resulting policy implications may make sense in some parts of the United States but not in others. An earlier version of this paper was presented the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta workshop on poverty, December 2013.
STELLAR ACTIVITY AND EXCLUSION OF THE OUTER PLANET IN THE HD 99492 SYSTEM

A historical problem for indirect exoplanet detection has been contending with the intrinsic variability of the host star. If the variability is periodic, it can easily mimic various exoplanet signatures, such as radial velocity (RV) variations that originate with the stellar surface rather than the presence of a planet. Here we present an update for the HD 99492 planetary system, using new RV and photometric measurements from the Transit Ephemeris Refinement and Monitoring Survey. Our extended time series and subsequent analyses of the Ca ii H&K emission lines show that the host star has an activity cycle of ∼13 years. The activity cycle correlates with the purported orbital period of the outer planet, the signature of which is thus likely due to the host star activity. We further include a revised Keplerian orbital solution for the remaining planet, along with a new transit ephemeris. Our transit-search observations were inconclusive.
Some paradigms for coordinating feedback control with applications to urban traffic control and smart grids

This lecture treats the problem of designing local control agents for cooperating components in a network of interacting dynamic systems. Each local control agent must ensure that all local specifications are met, but at the same time must ensure that the different components help each other in achieving good global behavior as well as good local behavior. This problem will be illustrated by using urban traffic control and smart electric power grids as examples. Centralized or hierarchical control approaches are not robust against failures in communication networks, and require unrealistic assumptions on the knowledge of each agent about the overall model. A completely decentralized approach, where each local control agent selfishly tries to achieve its local specifications only, runs a high risk of global interactions that may destabilize the system, making it impossible to achieve the specifications. This talk proposes two paradigms for distributed feedback control that require very little information exchange and very little global model knowledge. The leader/follower control paradigm is illustrated for urban traffic control: heavily loaded leader agents send messages to their follower neighbors requesting that these followers give green only to platoons of vehicles travelling towards the leader intersection at those times when this will be optimal for the performance of the leader. Another coordination paradigm is called the coordinating model predictive control (CMPC). Consider a power transmission network that has been partitioned in interacting regions, where CMPC is used in order to prevent the spread of the disturbances following incidents like line or machine failure. CMPC tries to resolve this by having each local control agent apply a model predictive controller, using as on-line available information not only the local voltage and current measurements, but also information on the planned sequence of future control actions of neighboring agents, communicated to it from time to time. This talk will discuss some of the minimal requirements for modeling, communication and control agent set-up in order to robustly achieve specifications using distributed control.
Probing the nuclear obscuration in radio-galaxies with near infrared imaging

We present the first near-infrared (K'-band) homogeneous observations of complete sub-sample of the 3CR radio catalogue comprising all High Excitation Galaxies (HEGs) at z < 0.3. After showing that the surface brightness decomposition technique to measure central point-like sources is affected by significant uncertainties for the objects in the studied sample, we present a new, more accurate method based on the R - K' color profile. Via this method we find a substantial nuclear K'-band excess in all hut two HEGs - most likely directly associated with their nuclear emission - and we measure the corresponding 2.12 μm nuclear luminosities. Within the frame-work of the unification scheme for radio-loud active galactic nuclei, it appears that obscuration alone is not able to account for the different nuclear properties of the majority of the HEGs and Broad Line Radio Galaxies (BLRGs), and also scattering of the (optically) hidden nuclear light from a compact region must be invoked. More precisely, for ∼70% of the HEGs the observed point-like optical emission is dominated by the scattered component, while in the K'-band both scattered and direct light passing through the torus contribute to the observed nuclear luminosity. The estimated fraction of scattered light ranges from a few tenths to a few percent, while the torus extinction is between 15 < A votus < 50 mag with only a few exceptions with lower obscuration.
Closed-Loop Supply Chain Stability under Different Production-Inventory Policies

Product returns from market to the manufacturer can happen because of the motivation to capture the value content of the product after use or the obligation from legislation and the environmental concerns. A manufacturing system capable of integrating both the manufacturing and remanufacturing activities can help the recovery of value content in the products after the end of product’s use life. Ordering policy designed for a production system with unidirectional flow of materials (i.e., up stream to down stream only), when applied to such an integrated system involving manufacturing remanufacturing can create dynamics in the system. Our investigation into this problem has revealed that these dynamics can be avoided if a well defined productionordering rule that explicitly account for the returned products, is adopted. We do the analysis by modifying the well known automatic pipeline inventory and order based production control system (APVIOBPCS) to achieve this goal.
Power-laws in recurrence networks from dynamical systems

Recurrence networks are a novel tool of nonlinear time series analysis allowing the characterisation of higher-order geometric properties of complex dynamical systems based on recurrences in phase space, which are a fundamental concept in classical mechanics. In this letter, we demonstrate that recurrence networks obtained from various deterministic model systems as well as experimental data naturally display power-law degree distributions with scaling exponents γ that can be derived exclusively from the systems' invariant densities. For one-dimensional maps, we show analytically that γ is not related to the fractal dimension. For continuous systems, we find two distinct types of behaviour: power-laws with an exponent γ depending on a suitable notion of local dimension, and such with fixed γ=1.
Increasing the expressiveness of virtual agents: autonomous generation of speech and gesture for spatial description tasks

Embodied conversational agents are required to be able to express themselves convincingly and autonomously. Based on an empirial study on spatial descriptions of landmarks in direction-giving, we present a model that allows virtual agents to automatically generate, i.e., select the content and derive the form of coordinated language and iconic gestures. Our model simulates the interplay between these two modes of expressiveness on two levels. First, two kinds of knowledge representation (propositional and imagistic) are utilized to capture the modality-specific contents and processes of content planning. Second, specific planners are integrated to carry out the formulation of concrete verbal and gestural behavior. A probabilistic approach to gesture formulation is presented that incorporates multiple contextual factors as well as idiosyncratic patterns in the mapping of visuo-spatial referent properties onto gesture morphology. Results from a prototype implementation are described.
Emerging Role for Corticotropin Releasing Factor Signaling in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis at the Intersection of Stress and Reward

Stress and anxiety play an important role in the development and maintenance of drug and alcohol addiction. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a brain region involved in the production of long-term stress-related behaviors, plays an important role in animal models of relapse, such as reinstatement to previously extinguished drug-seeking behaviors. While a number of neurotransmitter systems have been suggested to play a role in these behaviors, recent evidence points to the neuropeptide corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) as being critically important in BNST-mediated reinstatement behaviors. Although numerous studies indicate that the BNST is a complex brain region with multiple afferent and efferent systems and a variety of cell types, there has only been limited work to determine how CRF modulates this complex neuronal system at the circuit level. Recent work from our lab and others have begun to unravel these BNST neurocircuits and explore their roles in CRF-related reinstatement behaviors. This review will examine the role of CRF signaling in drug addiction and reinstatement with an emphasis on critical neurocircuitry within the BNST that may offer new insights into treatments for addiction.
Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive-Unit–Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat (MIRU-VNTR) Genotyping of Mycobacterium intracellulare for Strain Comparison with Establishment of a PCR-Based Database

ABSTRACT Strain comparison is important to population genetics and to evaluate relapses in patients with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease, but the “gold standard” of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is time-consuming and complex. We used variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR) for fingerprinting of respiratory isolates of M. intracellulare from patients with underlying bronchiectasis, to establish a nonsequence-based database for population analysis. Different genotypes identified by PFGE underwent species identification using a 16S rRNA gene multiplex PCR. Genotypes of M. intracellulare were confirmed by internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequencing and characterized using seven VNTR primers. The pattern of VNTR amplicon sizes and repeat number defined each specific VNTR type. Forty-two VNTR types were identified among 84 genotypes. PFGE revealed most isolates with the same VNTR type to be clonal or exhibit similar grouping of bands. Repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) showed minimal pattern diversity between VNTR types compared to PFGE. Fingerprinting of relapse isolates from 31 treated patients using VNTR combined with 16S multiplex PCR unambiguously and reliably distinguished different genotypes from the same patient, with results comparable to those of PFGE. VNTR for strain comparison is easier and faster than PFGE, is as accurate as PFGE, and does not require sequencing. Starting with a collection of 167 M. intracellulare isolates, VNTR distinguished M. intracellulare into 42 clonal groups. Comparison of isolates from different geographic areas, habitats, and clinical settings is now possible.
Center-weighted median graph filters

Linear graph filters are a class of graph-signal operators that combine mathematical tractability with practical relevance. However, a number of meaningful problems cannot be satisfactory addressed within the linear domain. Motivated by this, in this paper we introduce the concept of nonlinear weighted median graph filters (WMGF). The goal is to generalize the definition of classical weighted median filters to operate over graph signals not defined in regular domains such as time or a rectangular lattice. Under the proposed definition the output of a WMGF can be viewed as a nonlinear (median) combination of shifted versions of the input. Additionally, the value of each of these shifted versions at a particular node is found iteratively by computing the weighted median of the values of the previous shifted input within the one-hop neighborhood of the node. Within the class of WMGFs we pay special attention to center-WMGF — where each node can select its own weight but must weight all its neighbors evenly —, and analyze some of their properties, including the characterization of their roots. Simulations illustrating how our definitions can be used to model and analyze nonlinear network diffusion processes close the paper.
Distinct Requirements for Zebrafish Angiogenesis Revealed by a VEGF-A Morphant

Angiogenesis is a fundamental vertebrate developmental process that requires signalling by the secreted protein vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A). VEGF‐A functions in the development of embryonic structures, during tissue remodelling and for the growth of tumour‐induced vasculature. The study of the role of VEGF‐A during normal development has been significantly complicated by the dominant, haplo‐insufficient nature of VEGF‐A‐targeted mutations in mice. We have used morpholino‐based targeted gene knock‐down technology to generate a zebrafish VEGF‐A morphant loss of function model. Zebrafish VEGF‐A morphant embryos develop with an enlarged pericardium and with major blood vessel deficiencies. Morphological assessment at 2 days of development indicates a nearly complete absence of both axial and intersegmental vasculature, with no or reduced numbers of circulating red blood cells. Molecular analysis using the endothelial markers fli‐1 and flk‐1 at 1 day of development demonstrates a fundamental distinction between VEGF‐A requirements for axial and intersegmental vascular structure specification. VEGF‐A is not required for the initial establishment of axial vasculature patterning, whereas all development of intersegmental vasculature is dependent on VEGF‐A signalling. The zebrafish thus serves as a quality model for the study of conserved vertebrate angiogenesis processes during embryonic development. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling time from a conceptual perspective

Although many temporal models have been proposed in the literature, there is still need for a conceptual model capturing the essential semantics of time-varying information that is free of implementation concerns. This paper first discusses important criteria to be considered when assessing the OconceptualO quality of a temporal model. Then, it presents the main temporal features of MADS, a spatio-temporal conceptual model. The focus is on identifying issues that are either open or controversial, and discussing alternatives, if any. Finally, it is shown how the model may be implemented on top of either TSQL2 or a traditional, non-temporal data model.
Secret-Fragment-Visible Mosaic Image–A New Computer Art and Its Application to Information Hiding

A new type of computer art image called secret-fragment-visible mosaic image is proposed, which is created automatically by composing small fragments of a given image to become a target image in a mosaic form, achieving an effect of embedding the given image visibly but secretly in the resulting mosaic image. This effect of information hiding is useful for covert communication or secure keeping of secret images. To create a mosaic image of this type from a given secret color image, the 3-D color space is transformed into a new 1-D colorscale, based on which a new image similarity measure is proposed for selecting from a database a target image that is the most similar to the given secret image. A fast greedy search algorithm is proposed to find a similar tile image in the secret image to fit into each block in the target image. The information of the tile image fitting sequence is embedded into randomly-selected pixels in the created mosaic image by a lossless LSB replacement scheme using a secret key; without the key, the secret image cannot be recovered. The proposed method, originally designed for dealing with color images, is also extended to create grayscale mosaic images which are useful for hiding text-type grayscale document images. An additional measure to enhance the embedded data security is also proposed. Good experimental results show the feasibility of the proposed method.