Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The sup-pf-2 mutations of Chlamydomonas alter the activity of the outer dynein arms by modification of the gamma-dynein heavy chain

The sup-pf-2 mutation is a member of a group of dynein regulatory mutations that are capable of restoring motility to paralyzed central pair or radial spoke defective strains. Previous work has shown that the flagellar beat frequency is reduced in sup-pf-2, but little else was known about the sup-pf-2 phenotype (Huang, B., Z. Ramanis, and D.J.L. Luck. 1982. Cell. 28:115-125; Brokaw, C.J., and D.J.L. Luck. 1985. Cell Motil. 5:195-208). We have reexamined sup-pf-2 using improved biochemical and structural techniques and by the analysis of additional sup-pf-2 alleles. We have found that the sup-pf-2 mutations are associated with defects in the outer dynein arms. Biochemical analysis of sup-pf-2-1 axonemes indicates that both axonemal ATPase activity and outer arm polypeptides are reduced by 40-50% when compared with wild type. By thin-section EM, these defects correlate with an approximately 45% loss of outer dynein arm structures. Interestingly, this loss is biased toward a subset of outer doublets, resulting in a radial asymmetry that may reflect some aspect of outer arm assembly. The defects in outer arm assembly do not appear to result from defects in either the outer doublet microtubules or the outer arm docking structures, but rather appear to result from defects in outer dynein arm components. Analysis of new sup-pf-2 mutations indicates that the severity of the outer arm assembly defects varies with different alleles. Complementation tests and linkage analysis reveal that the sup- pf-2 mutations are alleles of the PF28/ODA2 locus, which is thought to encode the gamma-dynein heavy chain subunit of the outer arm. The sup- pf-2 mutations therefore appear to alter the activity of the outer dynein arms by modification of the gamma-dynein heavy chain.
A 48 μW, 8.88 × 10−3 W/W batteryless energy harvesting BCC identification system

A BCC identification system which is fully compatible with previous radio frequency identification (RFID) systems is proposed in order to reduce power consumption, avoid security breaches, and enhance convenience via an intuitive interface. The BCC identification system is composed of a reader and a tag. The reader sends an RF wave to the tag, receives an identification code, and analyzes the received code. The tag harvests energy from the RF wave transmitted by the reader, and transfers the identification code to the reader. The energy harvester in the BCC identification tag increases power conversion efficiency (PCE) by up to 12% by adaptively changing the number of rectifier stages depending on input power. In addition, a transformer reusing an on-off keying (OOK) BCC transmitter is proposed to inform the reader of completion of energy harvesting of the tag by changing load impedance. As a result, a 48 μW, 8.88×10−3 W/W Figure-of-Merit (FoM) BCC identification system is implemented. This system can generate sufficient power in the tag with lower transmitted power from the reader compared to previous RFID systems.
Optical comb frequency-controlled by rotating polarization state

We report a control method to stabilize frequencies of a nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked laser by tuning polarization state with a home-made intra-cavity electro-optic modulator (EOM). The EOM rotates polarization state about 1.2 × 10-4 rad/v in ellipticity, and enables wide range frequency control of carrier-envelope-offset frequency (fceo) or repetition rate (fr). By stabilizing the fr, fceo and a comb teeth @ 1550 nm with the EOM respectively, we obtain that frequency control dynamic ranges increase at least one order in comparison with the traditional intra-cavity EOM technique. In additional, this technique exhibits less side-effect than traditional frequency control methods.
Internal dynamics of globular clusters


Summary.Galactic globular clusters, which are ancient building blocks of our Galaxy, represent a very interesting family of stellar systems in which some fundamental dynamical processes have taken place on time scales shorter than the age of the universe. In contrast with galaxies, these clusters represent unique laboratories for learning about two-body relaxation, mass segregation from equipartition of energy, stellar collisions, stellar mergers, and core collapse. In the present review, we summarize the tremendous developments, as much theoretical as observational, that have taken place during the last two decades, and which have led to a quantum jump in our understanding of these beautiful dynamical systems.
Detecting Potential Instabilities of Numerical Algorithms

It has been the standard teaching of today that backward stability analysis is taught as absolute, just as in Newtonian physics time is taught absolute time. We will prove it is not true in general. It depends on algorithms. We will prove that forward and mixed stability anlaysis are absolutely invalid stability analysis in the sense that they have absolutely wrong reference points for detecting huge element growth of any algoritms(if any), even an "ideal" or "desirable" backward stability analysis is not so "ideal" or "desirable" in general. Any of forward stable, backward stable and mixed stable algorihms as in Demmel, Kahan , Parlett and other's papers and text books, see Demmel(6) and Higham(8)may not be really stable at all because they may fail to detect and expose any potential instabilities of the algorithm in corresponding stability analysis. Therefore, it is impossible to prove an algorithm is stable according to the standard teachin of today, just as it is impossible to prove a mathematical equuation(Maxwell's) is a law of physics according to the standard teaching in Newtonian physics.
Biometric Indices Evaluation in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion using Partial Coherence Laser Interferometry

Purpose. To evaluate the association of axial length and posterior segment length with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) using optical coherence interferometry. Methods. The study group consisted of 29 patients (13 female and 16 male) with unilateral CRVO who were referred to Farabi Eye Hospital. Patients with macular edema were excluded. The mean keratometry (mean K), axial lengths (AL), anterior chamber depths (ACD), and posterior segment lengths (PSL, defined by AL - ACD) of affected and fellow eyes were measured using optical coherence interferometry. Results. Age range was 45 to 74 years (mean 59.2 ± 7.5 years). The mean K of affected eyes was not statistically significantly lower than that of unaffected eyes in the CRVO group. This was also true for ACD. Although affected eyes had shorter axial length (23.26 mm vs 23.33 mm), the difference was not significant. There was a statistically significant difference in PSL affected and unaffected eyes (20.15 mm vs 20.26 mm) (p=0.008). Conclusions. Posterior segment length of eyes with CRVO may be shorter than unaffected eyes. This may predispose them to more crowding of central retinal vein and artery in lamina cribrosa, and developing CRVO.
Enabling trust in crowd labor relations through identity sharing

While online Crowdsourcing marketplaces provide a powerful avenue for facilitating new forms of information- driven micro-labor, their practical value is significantly reduced by worker “spam” and employer fraud. We hypothesize anonymity of parties is a major source of these problems, and we thus propose a human-centric solution: encourage employers and workers to voluntarily de- anonymize in order to reap a potential benefit of more productive and profitable labor interactions. To facilitate voluntary identity sharing, we have built a prototype identity management application allowing individuals to associate their crowdsourcing worker/employer identities to their public profiles on social network sites. By providing a vehicle for identity sharing, the prototype provides the foundation for a future user study of employers and workers engaged in known-identity crowd labor relationships.
Collective spatial keyword querying

With the proliferation of geo-positioning and geo-tagging, spatial web objects that possess both a geographical location and a textual description are gaining in prevalence, and spatial keyword queries that exploit both location and textual description are gaining in prominence. However, the queries studied so far generally focus on finding individual objects that each satisfy a query rather than finding groups of objects where the objects in a group collectively satisfy a query. We define the problem of retrieving a group of spatial web objects such that the group's keywords cover the query's keywords and such that objects are nearest to the query location and have the lowest inter-object distances. Specifically, we study two variants of this problem, both of which are NP-complete. We devise exact solutions as well as approximate solutions with provable approximation bounds to the problems. We present empirical studies that offer insight into the efficiency and accuracy of the solutions.
Positivity and stabilization of fractional 2D linear systems described by the Roesser model

Positivity and stabilization of fractional 2D linear systems described by the Roesser model A new class of fractional 2D linear discrete-time systems is introduced. The fractional difference definition is applied to each dimension of a 2D Roesser model. Solutions of these systems are derived using a 2D Z-transform. The classical Cayley-Hamilton theorem is extended to 2D fractional systems described by the Roesser model. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the positivity and stabilization by the state-feedback of fractional 2D linear systems are established. A procedure for the computation of a gain matrix is proposed and illustrated by a numerical example.
Body mass index predicts plasma aldosterone concentrations in overweight-obese primary hypertensive patients.

CONTEXT Body mass index (BMI) shows a direct correlation with plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) and urinary aldosterone excretion in normotensive individuals; whether the same applies to hypertensive patients is unknown. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine if BMI predicts PAC and the PAC/plasma renin activity ratio [aldosterone renin ratio (ARR)] in hypertensive patients, and if this affects the identification of primary aldosteronism (PA). DESIGN This was a prospective evaluation of consecutive hypertensive patients referred nationwide to specialized hypertension centers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Sitting PAC, plasma renin activity, and the ARR, baseline and after 50 mg captopril orally with concomitant assessment of parameters, including BMI and daily sodium intake, were calculated. RESULTS Complete biochemical data and a definite diagnosis were obtained in 1125 consecutive patients. Of them 999 had primary (essential) hypertension (PH) and 126 (11.2%) PA caused by an aldosterone-producing adenoma in 54 (4.8%). BMI independently predicted PAC (beta = 0.153; P < 0.0001) in PH, particularly in the overweight-obese, but not in the PA group. Covariance analysis and formal comparison of the raw, and the BMI-, sex-, and sodium intake-adjusted ARR with receiver operator characteristic curves, showed no significant improvement for the discrimination of aldosterone-producing adenoma from PH patients with covariate-adjusted ARR. CONCLUSIONS BMI correlated with PAC independent of age, sex, and sodium intake in PH, but not in PA patients. This association of BMI is particularly evident in overweight-obese PH patients, and suggests a pathophysiological link between visceral adiposity and aldosterone secretion. However, it does not impact on the diagnostic accuracy of the ARR for discriminating PA from PH patients.
Empirical Analysis for Agent System Comprehension and Verification

Comprehending and verifying agent system behavior is an arduous task when dealing with complex multi-agent systems whose behaviors are sophisticated. This paper presents an approach resulting from collaboration between the Tracer Tool and the TTL Checker, which together automate the analysis and verification of an implemented system's behavior, with the aim of aiding the user in redesigning, debugging, and maintaining the agent system. The Tracer Tool ensures that the user's comprehension of the system behavior is accurate and provides explanations of anomalous behavior, which can be detected as a failed behavioral property by the TTL Checker. The integrated approach has been applied to an agent-based system in an unmanned aerial vehicles domain.
Use of Cumulative Incidence of Novel Influenza A/H1N1 in Foreign Travelers to Estimate Lower Bounds on Cumulative Incidence in Mexico

Background An accurate estimate of the total number of cases and severity of illness of an emerging infectious disease is required both to define the burden of the epidemic and to determine the severity of disease. When a novel pathogen first appears, affected individuals with severe symptoms are more likely to be diagnosed. Accordingly, the total number of cases will be underestimated and disease severity overestimated. This problem is manifest in the current epidemic of novel influenza A/H1N1. Methods and Results We used a simple approach to leverage measures of incident influenza A/H1N1 among a relatively small and well observed group of US, UK, Spanish and Canadian travelers who had visited Mexico to estimate the incidence among a much larger and less well surveyed population of Mexican residents. We estimate that a minimum of 113,000 to 375,000 cases of novel influenza A/H1N1 have occurred in Mexicans during the month of April, 2009. Such an estimate serves as a lower bound because it does not account for underreporting of cases in travelers or for nonrandom mixing between Mexican residents and visitors, which together could increase the estimates by more than an order of magnitude. Conclusions We find that the number of cases in Mexican residents may exceed the number of confirmed cases by two to three orders of magnitude. While the extent of disease spread is greater than previously appreciated, our estimate suggests that severe disease is uncommon since the total number of cases is likely to be much larger than those of confirmed cases.
FEVR-Like Presentation of Homocystinuria

A male infant with a diagnosis of homocystinuria presented with avascularity of the peripheral retina with a ridge on ophthalmic exam, consistent with a FEVR-like manifestation homocystinuria. Upon follow-up and treatment for homocystinuria, the retinal vascularity improved without the need for prophylactic treatment to the peripheral avascular retina.
Providing storage as a service on cloud using OpenStack

Nowadays more and more data is generated in different forms. There is always a concern about the storage of data. Cloud is one solution to it for storing data. Cloud computing is an emerging concept combining many fields of computing. Cloud has main two sorts, private cloud and public cloud. On normal cloud, there is problem with security issues like threats, attacks on cloud storage as well as unauthorized access to cloud. To overcome this problem, authentication with AES security mechanism on cloud is introduced. The objective is to set up a model of private cloud using OpenStack cloud operating environment for providing Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service and Software as a Service model. OpenStack is open source platform for cloud computing and easily available to users and user can deploy service models. The user's personal data is stored on the private cloud in encrypted form with checking the authenticity of user and ensures security of data by using AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) encrypting algorithm.
A five-star doctor? Online rating of physicians by patients in an internet driven world.

electronics, hotels, restaurants, the list goes on.So why not doctors? (1-3). It is only fair, not to mention beneficial, as alleged by sponsors of health care rating websites and administrators of health care organizations, and patients are lead to believe this as well. If only rating of medical care was this simple! Concerns of a potentially significant negative impact of current rating measures on medical practices have already been voiced by medical doctors, health care providers, and physician organizations (4-8). Until a more comprehensive method of rating, with adequately sophisticated analysis, becomes available, online rating of physicians by patients is not only unfair, but also potentially detrimental to both physicians and patients (9,10). First and foremost, we must consider if online rating of physicians fair? We emphatically think not. Although one’s chances of getting a great meal at a 5-star restaurant are pretty high, receiving excellent care with better outcomes from a 5-star doctor rated by other patients is far less certain (3-6). This is because the quality of medical care is composed of many elements, but online rating by patients focuses only on those they are able to give opinions on, and excludes those they are not (9,11). Examples of this skewed evaluation are an everyday phenomenon in the subspecialty of pain management, as well as other medical specialties. Patient subjective issues, such as patient wait times, overall time spent with a doctor, and physician courtesy are most typically represented in the patient’s rating of doctors. Certain physicians’ actions, such as ordering multiple diagnostic tests and prescribing opioid analgesics (even if medically unnecessary), are commonly viewed as more satisfying by patients than other beneficial cares, such as counseling of weight loss or cessation of smoking (9-11). However, good or excellent medical care aiming at the best outcome for the patient does not necessarily make the patient happy, especially in the field of pain management (6,9,10). Saying no to routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) or the requests of a patient for unnecessary prescriptions of opioids can both be sound medical decisions, but can anger many patients. Those same patients can vent their frustration by giving their doctor a poor rating. The challenges in the validity of patient online ratings of doctors are rooted in the fact that medical care is fundamentally different from most commercially marketed products and services. In medicine, the concept of good quality service should be good health care outcomes (2). While the best outcome should strive to include patient satisfaction, often times it may not be able to, especially when it comes to immediate patient satisfaction. The highest immediate patient satisfacHealth Policy Review
eTrust: understanding trust evolution in an online world

Most existing research about online trust assumes static trust relations between users. As we are informed by social sciences, trust evolves as humans interact. Little work exists studying trust evolution in an online world. Researching online trust evolution faces unique challenges because more often than not, available data is from passive observation. In this paper, we leverage social science theories to develop a methodology that enables the study of online trust evolution. In particular, we propose a framework of evolution trust, eTrust, which exploits the dynamics of user preferences in the context of online product review. We present technical details about modeling trust evolution, and perform experiments to show how the exploitation of trust evolution can help improve the performance of online applications such as rating and trust prediction.
Estimation of infarct size by determination of myocardial 3H-tetracycline accumulation in the coronary ligated rat.

Myocardial infarction was produced in rats by ligation of the left coronary artery. Rats were injected with 3H-tetracycline (50 muCi/kg) i.p., 10 minutes prior to ligation. The rats were killed at various time periods after ligation and the myocardial accumulation of 3H-tetracycline determined in the left ventricle or in whole heart homogenates. CPK was also determined in the myocardium or serum. Myocardial 3H-tetracycline was not significantly elevated in the whole heart homogenates. However, there was a significant increase in 3H-tetracycline in the digests of the left ventricle 6 h post-infarct. This increase correlated very well with serum CPK activity. This suggest that this method could be a useful tool in the estimation of infarct size.
Testing for Third-Order Stochastic Dominance with Diversification Possibilities

We derive an empirical test for third-order stochastic dominance that allows for diversification between choice alternatives. The test can be computed using straightforward linear programming. Bootstrapping techniques and asymptotic distribution theory can approximate the sampling properties of the test results and allow for statistical inference. Our approach is illustrated using real-life US stock market data.
System resilience enhancement: Smart grid and beyond

Boosting the resilience of power systems is a core requirement of smart grids. In fact, resilience enhancement is crucial to all critical infrastructure systems. In this study, we review the current research on system resilience enhancement within and beyond smart grids. In addition, we elaborate on resilience de ﬁ nition and resilience quanti ﬁ cation and discuss several challenges and opportunities for system resilience enhancement. This study aims to deepen our understanding of the concept of resilience and develop a wide perspective on enhancing the system resilience for critical infrastructures.
Effects of Age and Emotional Intensity on the Recognition of Facial Emotion

Older adults have a specific deficit in their ability to identify some negative facial emotions. The present study investigated the influence of intensity of expression on 40 young and 40 older adults' recognition of facial expressions of emotion. Older adults showed no impairment in the perception of low-intensity subtle expressions of happiness, surprise, and disgust. However, older adults were worse at recognizing all intensities of sadness, anger, and fear, with the greatest impairment at 50% intensity. Observed age differences were not influenced by covarying general facial processing skills, but were substantially reduced when a measure of general cognitive functioning was covaried. The current study suggests that age differences in identifying facial expressions of emotion are not caused by decreasing visual perceptual abilities, but may partially overlap with general cognitive changes.
The aluminization of 600 k WLS fibers for the TileCal/ATLAS/LHC

The TILE CALorimeter, the hadronic sampling calorimeter of ATLAS/LHC/CERN, is made of iron and polystyrene scintillating tiles. The light produced in scintillating tiles is absorbed and guided to the photomultipliers (PMTs) through wave length shifter (WLS) optical fibers. To optimize the detection of jets and muons, the top of the fibers away of the PMTs is coated with an aluminum mirror, that increases the light output in /spl sime/ 75% and enhances the uniformity light output by /spl sime/ 10%. The aluminum mirror is produced by magnetron sputtering, that adds to an excellent reproducibility a minimal thermal aggression important for proper film adhesion to the plastic surface. A dedicated machine for mass production of the ATLAS WLS aluminized fibers has been designed and constructed fulfilling the critical production optical and time requirements. The aluminization of the fibers and their quality control started in August 1999 and went on continuously until May 2002. The quality control results showed a reproducibility over the optical characteristics of the fibers that fully accomplish the ATLAS requirements.