Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the predictability of time series obtained from genomic sequences by using several predictors

In previous papers, we used one-step-ahead predictors for the genomic sequence recognition scores computation. The genomic sequences are coded as distances between successive bases. The recognition scores were then used as inputs for a hierarchical decision system. The relevance of these scores might be affected by the prediction quality. It is necessary to appreciate the prediction performance in a framework based on the analyzed time series predictability. The aim of this paper is to determine which predictors are most suitable for genomic sequence identification. We analyze linear predictors (like linear combiner), neuronal predictors (RBF or MLP type), and neuro-fuzzy predictors (Yamakawa model based). Several methods to appreciate the predictability of time series are used, like Hurst exponent, self-correlation function, and eta metric. All predictors were tested and compared for prediction quality using sequences from HIV-1 genome. The mean square prediction error (MSPE), direction test, and Theil coefficient were used as prediction performance measures. The prediction results obtained with the predictors are contrasted and discussed.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 2002 Web Based Services : An Empirical Study of their Adoption and Penetration

Application service providers (ASPs) and web services are becoming an increasingly popular alternative to selling software the traditional, “shrink-wrapped” way. This paper presents the results of an empirical study of the German ASP market. We surveyed a representative sample of companies traded on the German equivalent of Nasdaq. We asked questions about the companies’ expectations and practical experiences with ASP-based services. The results confirm that ASPs are definitely on the rise. However, several problems remain. Most potential customers are concerned about the confidential treatment of their data once it has been transferred to the ASP site. Quality of service and maintenance need to be agreed upon in advance, in contractual form. Finally, numerous potential customers have problems understanding the ASPs’ offerings in sufficient detail. A more transparent marketing, coupled with a more personalized sales approach, should be a major concern for the ASP industry as a whole. The results of our study should be of interest both to ASP companies, to help them improve their services, and to IT management as a whole to help them decide which (if any) of their enterprise functions would gain from using ASPs. 2 THE APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER MODEL Definition Application Service Provider: In this paper we follow the definition provided by IDC: “ASPs provide a contractual service offering to deploy, host, manage, and rent access to an application from a centrally managed facility. ASPs are responsible for either directly or indirectly providing all the specific activities and expertise aimed at managing a software application or set of applications. ” In this definition, IDC is refining the term by naming defining characteristics such as application centric, selling application access, centrally managed, one-to-many services, and delivering on the contract. Application centric, selling application access, and centrally managed refer to the fact that the application is hosted (often by an ISP), that it is managed , and that the business model is based on selling access to this centralized service. The term one-to-many services refers to the fact that ASP applications are usually nearly identical for all users, providing for minimal customization. Delivering 1 Gillian, Clare M. (1999), The ASPs Impact on the IT Industry, an IDC wide opinion
Identifying splits with clear separation: a new class discovery method for gene expression data

We present a new class discovery method for microarray gene expression data. Based on a collection of gene expression profiles from different tissue samples, the method searches for binary class distinctions in the set of samples that show clear separation in the expression levels of specific subsets of genes. Several mutually independent class distinctions may be found, which is difficult to obtain from most commonly used clustering algorithms. Each class distinction can be biologically interpreted in terms of its supporting genes. The mathematical characterization of the favored class distinctions is based on statistical concepts. By analyzing three data sets from cancer gene expression studies, we demonstrate that our method is able to detect biologically relevant structures, for example cancer subtypes, in an unsupervised fashion.
The Long-Run Effect of Permanent Disinflations

This paper looks at the long term output effect of those monetary policies aimed at reducing inflation from its peak by late seventies, in nine major OECD countries. The estimated effect depends on the way nominal shocks are identified. Alternatively to the cross-country regression analysis we estimate a structural VAR model in output, inflation and unemployment.
Momentum balance of katabatic flow on steep slopes covered with short vegetation

Katabatic flows over alpine mountainous terrain differ from their forested or bare slope counterparts due to the presence of well‐ventilated, short vegetation. The impact of a grass canopy and larger‐scale pressure perturbations on the one‐dimensional mean momentum balance is explored via theory and field measurements. The model presented here reproduces the measured velocity jet shape and turbulent flux gradients. These two features imply that even when Monin‐Obuhkov similarity theory breaks down, its use for a stability adjusted mixing length remains effective to first order. Results reveal that outer layer pressure effects can be significant under low‐speed wind conditions at the top of the thin katabatic layer when larger variations in the wind direction are observed. An analytical expression to estimate the jet height, which can be utilized in large‐scale weather prediction models, shows the importance of including canopy effects for the thin katabatic flow region above the vegetation.
Reconstruct LDPC codes in a noisy environment

Focus on the problem of reconstructing LDPC codes in a noisy environment, an algorithm based on Column Elimination Operation, Parity-Check Vector Judgment Criterion and Gradual Row Transformation is proposed, which is used to blind recognize LDPC codes. This algorithm first gets enough dual vectors of the receive codes, then selects real parity-check vectors of the dual-space of LDPC codes, and then, detectives and deletes the error code words. The above steps are iteratively carried out until the original problem is reduced to an easier problem, i.e., blind recognition LDPC codes in an error-free context, and finally obtain the sparse parity-check matrix by using Gradual Row Transformation. The simulation and experiment results show that, this algorithm fits most of LDPC standards, including 802.16e, 802.11n, DVB-S2, GJB7296, GB20600, etc., and it is an effective solution for LDPC codes blind recognition in a noisy environment.
General spanning trees and reachability query evaluation

Graph reachability is fundamental to a wide range of applications, including CAD/CAM, CASE, office systems, software management, as well as geographical navigation and internet routing. Many applications involve huge graphs and requires fast answering of reachability queries. Several reachability labeling methods have been proposed for this purpose. They assign labels to the nodes, such that the reachability between any two nodes can be determined using their labels only. In this paper, we propose a new data structure, called a <i>general spanning tree</i> of a directed acyclic graph (<i>DAG</i>) to minimize label space. Different from a traditional spanning tree, an edge in a general spanning tree <i>T</i> of a DAG <i>G</i> may corresponds to a path in <i>G</i>. That is, for each edge <i>u</i> → <i>v</i> in <i>T</i>, we have a path from <i>u</i> to <i>v</i> in <i>G</i>. An algorithm is discussed to find such a tree with the least number of leaf nodes in O(<i>bn √b</i>) time, where <i>n</i> is the number of the nodes of <i>G</i>, and <i>b</i> is the number of the leaf nodes of <i>T</i>. It can be proven that <i>b</i> equals <i>G</i>'s width, defined to be the size of a largest node subset <i>U</i> of <i>G</i> such that for every pair of nodes <i>u, v ∈ U</i>, there does not exist a path from <i>u</i> to <i>v</i> or from <i>v</i> to <i>u</i>. Based on <i>T</i>, we are able to reduce the label space to O(<i>bn</i>) with O(log<i>b</i>) reachability query time. Our method can also be extended for graphs containing cycles.
Small-Subunit rRNA Processome Proteins Are Translationally Regulated during Differentiation of Trypanosoma cruzi

ABSTRACT We used differential display to select genes differentially expressed during differentiation of epimastigotes into metacyclic trypomastigotes in the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. One of the selected clones had a sequence similar to that of the small-subunit (SSU) processome protein Sof1p, which is involved in rRNA processing. The corresponding T. cruzi protein, TcSof1, displayed a nuclear localization and is downregulated during metacyclogenesis. Heterologous RNA interference assays showed that depletion of this protein impaired growth but did not affect progression through the cell cycle, suggesting that ribosome synthesis regulation and the cell cycle are uncoupled in this parasite. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays of several SSU processome-specific genes in T. cruzi also showed that most of them were regulated posttranscriptionally. This process involves the accumulation of mRNA in the polysome fraction of metacyclic trypomastigotes, where TcSof1 cannot be detected. Metacyclic trypomastigote polysomes were purified and separated by sucrose gradient sedimentation. Northern blot analysis of the sucrose gradient fractions showed the association of TcSof1 mRNA with polysomes, confirming the qPCR data. The results suggest that the mechanism of regulation involves the blocking of translation elongation and/or termination.
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profile Analysis of Citrus Sucrose Synthase Genes: Investigation of Possible Roles in the Regulation of Sugar Accumulation

Sucrose synthase (Sus) (EC 2.4.1.13) is a key enzyme for the sugar accumulation that is critical to form fruit quality. In this study, extensive data-mining and PCR amplification confirmed that there are at least six Sus genes (CitSus1-6) in the citrus genome. Gene structure and phylogeny analysis showed an evolutionary consistency with other plant species. The six Sus genes contain 12–15 exons and 11–14 introns and were evenly distributed into the three plant Sus groups (CitSus1 and CitSus2 in the Sus I group, CitSus3 and CitSus6 in the Sus II group, and CitSus4 and CitSus5 in the Sus III group). Transcripts of these six CitSus genes were subsequently examined. For tissues and organs, CitSus1 and 2 were predominantly expressed in fruit juice sacs (JS) whereas CitSus3 and 4 were predominantly expressed in early leaves (immature leaves), and CitSus5 and 6 were predominantly expressed in fruit JS and in mature leaves. During fruit development, CitSus5 transcript increased significantly and CitSus6 transcript decreased significantly in fruit JS. In the fruit segment membrane (SM), the transcript levels of CitSus2 and 5 were markedly higher and the abundant levels of CitSus3 and 6 gradually decreased. Moreover, transcript levels of CitSus1-4 examined were higher and the CitSus5 transcript level was lower in the fruit SM than in fruit JS, while CitSus6 had a similar transcript level in fruit JS and SM. In addition, transcripts of CitSus1-6 responded differently to dehydration in mature leaves or to mild drought stress in fruit JS and SM. Finally, the possible roles of Sus genes in the regulation of sugar accumulation are discussed; however, further study is required.
The credibility of transnational NGOs : when virtue is not enough

We rely on NGOs to monitor the ethical practices of governments and for-profit firms and to undertake many humanitarian tasks that public and private actors will not do. While we are critical of public and private sector failures, we do not reflect enough on the credibility of the NGOs which take their place. Can we be sure that products NGOs label as child-labor free are in fact so, that the coffee labeled as 'fair trade' is farmed in sustainable ways, or that the working conditions monitored by NGOs are safe and that the wages are reasonable? Can we know that humanitarian organizations are, in fact, using our donations to alleviate human suffering rather than pursuing other goals? This book explores the problems of establishing the credibility of NGO activities as they monitor working conditions, human rights and elections and provide finance through microcredit institutions, development aid and emergency assistance.
Inflation Uncertainty and Growth in a Simple Monetary Model

This paper analyzes the effects of inflation variability on economic growth in a model where money is introduced via a cash-in-advance constraint. In this setting, we find that inflation adversely affects long-run growth, even when the cash-in-advance constraint applies only to consumption. At the same time, we find that inflation and growth are positively related in the short-run. In addition, variability tends to increase average growth through a precautionary savings motive. Since inflation and inflation variability tend to be highly correlated, this latter effect attenuates the negative long-run relationship between inflation and real growth. It also provides a partial rational for the notorious lack of robustness in cross-country regressions of growth and inflation.
A new location update strategy for cellular networks and its implementation using a genetic algorithm

A new location update strategy and its implementation using a genetic algorithm are proposed. Most of the practical cellular mobile systems partition a geographical region into location areas (LA) and users are made to update on entering a new LA. The main drawback of this scheme is that it does not consider the individual user mobility and call arrival patterns. Combining per-user mobility and call arrival patterns with the LAbased approach, an optimal update strategy is proposed for each user which determines whether or not to update in each LA. The update strategy minimizes the average location management cost derived from a user-specific mobility model and call generation pattern. The location management cost optimization problem is solved using a genetic algorithm. The results clearly demonstrate that for low user residing probability in LA’s, low call arrival rate and high update cost, skipping updation in several LA’s leads to minimization of the overall location management cost.
Domain organization and functional analysis of Thermus thermophilus MutS protein.

MutS protein binds to DNA and specifically recognizes mismatched or small looped out heteroduplex DNA. In order to elucidate its structure-function relationships, the domain structure of Thermus thermophilus MutS protein was studied by performing denaturation experiments and limited proteolysis. The former suggested that T. thermophilus MutS consists of at least three domains with estimated stabilities of 12.3, 22.9 and 30.7 kcal/mol and the latter revealed that it consists of four domains: A1 (N-terminus to residue 130), A2 (131-274), B (275-570) and C (571 to C-terminus). A gel retardation assay indicated that T.thermophilus MutS interacts non-specifically with double-stranded (ds), but not single-stranded DNA. Among the proteolytic fragments, the B domain bound to dsDNA. On the basis of these results we have proposed the domain organization of T. thermophilus MutS and putative roles of these domains.
Assessing cloud computing readiness and adoption

Emerging as the most debated topic in IT these days, cloud computing services have become a business challenge for many enterprises. Different factors play the role of influence in the organizations on whether to adopt cloud computing services or not. The aim of this research is to investigate the current implementation strategies and adoption of Cloud computing services in Turkey. When cloud computing is adopted strategically, the changes are seen throughout the organization, therefore also changing the business aspect. This research also examines how strategy, people, processes, the already used technology and the organizational structure play a role in this transformation.
Things Fall Apart: Containing the Spillover from an Iraqi Civil War

Iraq is rapidly descending into all-out civil war. Unfortunately, the United States probably will not be able to just walk away from the chaos. Even setting aside the humanitarian nightmare that will ensue, a full-scale civil war would likely consume more than Iraq: historically, such massive conflicts have often had highly deleterious effects on neighboring countries and other outside states. Spillover from an Iraq civil war could be disastrous. Thus begins this sobering analysis of what the near future of Iraq could look like, and what America can do to reduce the threat of wider conflict. Preventing spillover of the Iraqi conflict into neighboring states must be a top priority. In explaining how that can be accomplished, Daniel Byman and Kenneth Pollack draw on their own considerable expertise as well as relevant precedents. The authors scrutinize several recent civil wars, including Lebanon, Chechnya, Afghanistan, Kosovo, and Bosnia. After synthesizing those experiences into lessons on how civil wars affect other nations, Byman and Pollack draw from them to produce recommendations for U.S. policy. Even while the Bush Administration attempts to prevent further deterioration of the situation in Iraq, it needs to be planning how to deal with a full-scale civil war if one develops.
Less Is More: Efficient Back-of-Device Tap Input Detection Using Built-in Smartphone Sensors

Back-of-device (BoD) interaction using current smartphone sensors (e.g. accelerometer, microphone, or gyroscope) has recently emerged as a promising novel input modality. Researchers have used a different number of features derived from these commodity sensors, however it is unclear what sensors and which features would allow for practical use, since not all sensor measurements have an equal value for detecting BoD interactions reliably and efficiently. In this paper, we primarily focus on constructing and selecting a subset of features that is a good predictor of BoD tap-based input while ensuring low energy consumption. As a result, we build several classifiers for a variety of use cases (e.g. single or double taps with the dominant or non-dominant hand). We show that a subset of just 5 features provides high discrimination power and results in high recognition accuracy. We also make our software publicly available, so that others can build upon our work.
Current Inflation Developments in Austria

HICP inflation in Austria increased from below 2% in the first half of 2007 to 3.5% in December 2007, and stood at 3.1% in both January and February2 2008. As in other countries, this increase can be mostly attributed to the surge in international energy and agricultural commodity prices. Whereas the increase in the price of crude oil was passed on to fuels very quickly, electricity and gas prices exhibit a delayed reaction. The increase in global prices of agricultural commodities fed through to the prices of dairy products and oils and fats more strongly than it did to bread and cereal product prices. Rates of inflation exceeding 5% were also recorded for clothing and footwear from September to December 2007. The inflation expectations of consumers and professional forecasters for 12 months ahead have risen in light of this; however, professional forecasters generally agree that inflation will decrease to around 2% again in 2009. For the first half of 2008, the Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB) expects the rate of inflation to remain above 3%. Yet by the end of 2008, inflation should slow down significantly to 2.3% as a result of the expected dissipation of the food price shock and the base effect of past energy price increases. On the whole, the OeNB expects the rate of inflation to average 2.8% in 2008. Against this backdrop, the social partners and public policy bear an especially high responsibility: The parties involved in negotiating wage settlements in the coming fall wage round must rise to the challenge of preventing second-round effects. An intensification of competition and the elimination of quantitative agricultural production limits can slow price increases by limiting companies’ price-setting power and/or increasing the supply of agricultural commodities. Given high capacity utilization, stimulating demand through fiscal policy would be detrimental to the goal of reducing inflation. The OeNB estimates that annual inflation in 2008 would be reduced by around + percentage point if all public fees were frozen at their 2007 level.
Data-Things: Digital Fabrication Situated within Participatory Data Translation Activities

This paper explores a design-led approach to digital fabrication which situates it in participatory data translation activities to demonstrate that this technology can find application beyond its use as tool for manufacture. We present two contrasting design contexts in which, respectively, data from conference twitter conversations and craft practitioners' movements are translated into interactively generated and fabricated physical artefacts. We argue that direct involvement in such digital fabrication activities can help people invest meaning into artefacts and facilitate social interaction and reflection upon their activities, while encouraging practitioners to incorporate new forms into their own work. On this basis, we reconsider digital fabrication within data translation activities as situated along an extended 'trajectory of use' in which reflective, meaningful 'data-things' can be created.
Experimental dynamometer emulation of non-linear mechanical loads

Industrial processes often contain nonlinear mechanical loads driven by electrical drives. PI and PID controllers, widely used in industrial drives, may not give satisfactory results for some nonlinear loads since they are linear controllers. Adaptive, robust and intelligent nonlinear control methods are attracting considerable attention to design a good controller for these nonlinear mechanical loads. As far as research is concerned, it is not practical to have different kinds of linear or nonlinear mechanical loads in the laboratory. The solution is to have a programmable load emulator (dynamometer) to provide realistic nonlinear loads for the experimental validation of advanced control techniques in the laboratory. This paper describes a dynamometer control strategy in which the emulation preserves the dynamic structure of a desired load model so that the emulation can be used in closed loop control. Experimental results of the closed loop control of some nonlinear loads are presented. Computer simulation results are also provided for comparison purposes to show the performance of the proposed load emulation method.
An interesting class of partial differential equations

This paper presents an observation that under reasonable conditions, many partial differential equations from mathematical physics possess three structural properties. One of them can be understand as a variant of the celebrated Onsager reciprocal relation in modern thermodynamics. It displays a direct relation of irreversible processes to the entropy change. We show that the properties imply various entropy dissipation conditions for hyperbolic relaxation problems. As an application of the observation, we propose an approximation method to solve relaxation problems. Moreover, the observation is interpreted physically and verified with eight (sets of) systems from different fields.