Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic prediction of deeply submucosal invasive carcinoma with use of artificial intelligence

Abstract Background and study aims We evaluated use of artificial intelligence (AI) assisted image classifier in determining the feasibility of curative endoscopic resection of large colonic lesion based on non-magnified endoscopic images Methods AI image classifier was trained by 8,000 endoscopic images of large (≥ 2 cm) colonic lesions. The independent validation set consisted of 567 endoscopic images from 76 colonic lesions. Histology of the resected specimens was used as gold standard. Curative endoscopic resection was defined as histology no more advanced than well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, ≤ 1 mm submucosal invasion and without lymphovascular invasion, whereas non-curative resection was defined as any lesion that could not meet the above requirements. Performance of the trained AI image classifier was compared with that of endoscopists. Results In predicting endoscopic curative resection, AI had an overall accuracy of 85.5 %. Images from narrow band imaging (NBI) had significantly higher accuracy (94.3 % vs 76.0 %; P < 0.00001) and area under the ROC curve (AUROC) (0.934 vs 0.758; P = 0.002) than images from white light imaging (WLI). AI was superior to two junior endoscopists in terms of accuracy (85.5 % vs 61.9 % or 82.0 %, P < 0.05), AUROC (0.837 vs 0.638 or 0.717, P < 0.05) and confidence level (90.1 % vs 83.7 % or 78.3 %, P < 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in accuracy and AUROC between AI and a senior endoscopist. Conclusions The trained AI image classifier based on non-magnified images can accurately predict probability of curative resection of large colonic lesions and is better than junior endoscopists. NBI images have better accuracy than WLI for AI prediction.
Low dose photodynamic therapy harmonizes with radiation therapy to induce beneficial effects on pancreatic heterocellular spheroids

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has seen long standing interest as a therapy for resistant cancers, but the main Achilles’ heel for its successful clinical exploitation is the use of poorly penetrating visible light. This limitation could be overcome by using radioluminescent nanoparticles, which can be excited during radiation therapy (RT) with penetrating X-rays. When infused in tumors, X-ray activated-nanoscintillators act as internal light sources and excite nearby photosensitizers. Recent studies demonstrated that it is realistic to achieve low dose PDT with current nanoscintillators. However, as the origin of enhanced RT efficacy with nanoscintillators may have varying origins, we aimed to answer the basic question: Is a combination of low-dose PDT beneficial to the RT efficacy in clinically relevant models of cancer? Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) remains a lethal disease for which RT is part of the palliative care and for which PDT demonstrated promising results in clinical trial. We thus evaluated the combination of low-dose PDT and RT delivered in absence of nanoscintillators on various heterocellular spheroid models that recapitulate the clinical heterogeneity of PanCa. Although therapeutic effects emerged at different timepoints in each model, the RT/PDT combination uniformly achieved favorable outcomes. With RT providing stunted tumor growth while PDT drove adjuvant apoptotic and necrotic cell death, the combination produced significantly smaller and less viable PanCa spheroids. In conclusion, the beneficial RT/PDT treatment outcomes encourage the further development of nanoscinitillators for X-ray-activated PDT. Assessment of such combination treatments should encompass multiparametric and temporally-spaced assessment of treatment effects in preclinical cancer models.
Comparison of anteroposterior and posteroanterior screw fixation techniques for posterior malleolar fractures: a retrospective and clinical study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The posterior malleolus is an important component of the distal tibiofibular complex and plays a crucial role in maintaining ankle joint stability. This study aimed to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of fixation with anteroposterior (AP) and posteroanterior (PA) compression screws in patients with Haraguchi Type 1 PMFs. METHODS: Data from 306 patients who underwent surgery for trimalleolar fractures between January 2018 and March 2022 were retrospectively reviewed, and 60 patients meeting the criteria were included in the study. Thirty-one patients with AP screw fixation and 29 patients with PA screw fixation were compared clinically and radiologically. Radiological parameters such as fracture healing time, step-off amount, displacement amount, and development of arthritis were evaluated. Clinical outcomes including ankle joint range of motion at final follow-up, American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Olerud-Molander Score were compared. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of average age, gender distribution, smoking history, fracture etiology, time from injury to surgery, operation time, fracture healing time, and follow-up duration. Step-off and displacement amounts were lower in the PA screw group (P<0.001, P=0.004, respectively). When comparing the development of arthritis, according to the Kellgren-Lawrence Classification, no signs of arthritis were observed in 62.1% of the PA screw group, while this rate was 22.6% in the AP screw group. Ankle dorsiflexion, plantar flexion range of motion, AOFAS score, Olerud-Molander Score, and VAS results were statistically better in the PA screw group (P=0.002, P=0.001, P=0.002, P=0.001, P=0.002, respectively). There were no significant differences between the groups regarding complications. CONCLUSION: Two different screw fixation techniques used in the treatment of trimalleolar fracture patients with Haraguchi Type 1 PMF were compared. In conclusion; percutaneous PA screw fixation is more advantageous than the AP screw fixation method because it provides less step-off in the fracture line, less arthrosis in the ankle, and better functional scores.
MRI evidence for material‐specific encoding deficits and mesial–temporal alterations in presurgical frontal lobe epilepsy patients

Abstract Objective Neuroimaging studies reveal frontal lobe (FL) contributions to memory encoding. Accordingly, memory impairments are documented in frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). Still, little is known about the structural or functional correlates of such impairments. Particularly, material specificity of functional changes in cerebral activity during memory encoding in FLE is unclear. Methods We compared 24 FLE patients (15 right‐sided) undergoing presurgical evaluation with 30 healthy controls on a memory fMRI‐paradigm of learning scenes, faces, and words followed by an out‐of‐scanner recognition task as well as regarding their mesial temporal lobe (mTL) volumes. We also addressed effects of FLE lateralization and performance level (normal vs. low). Results FLE patients had poorer memory performance and larger left hippocampal volumes than controls. Volume increase seemed, however, irrelevant or even dysfunctional for memory performance. Further, functional changes in FLE patients were right‐sided for scenes and faces and bilateral for words. In detail, during face encoding, FLE patients had, regardless of their performance level, decreased mTL activation, while during scene and word encoding only low performing FLE patients had decreased mTL along with decreased FL activation. Intact verbal memory performance was associated with higher right frontal activation in FLE patients but not in controls. Significance Pharmacoresistant FLE has a distinct functional and structural impact on the mTL. Effects vary with the encoded material and patients' performance levels. Thus, in addition to the direct effect of the FL, memory impairment in FLE is presumably to a large part due to functional mTL changes triggered by disrupted FL networks. Plain Language Summary Frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) patients may suffer from memory impairment. Therefore, we asked patients to perform a memory task while their brain was scanned by MRI in order to investigate possible changes in brain activation during learning. FLE patients showed changes in brain activation during learning and also structural changes in the mesial temporal lobe, which is a brain region especially relevant for learning but not the origin of the seizures in FLE. We conclude that FLE leads to widespread changes that contribute to FLE patients’ memory impairment.
Experiences of online group support for engaging and supporting participants in the National Health Service Digital Diabetes Prevention Programme: A qualitative interview study

Objectives The National Health Service Digital Diabetes Prevention Programme is a nine-month behavioural intervention for adults in England at risk of type 2 diabetes. This qualitative study aimed to explore how service users engaged with the group support available within the programme. Methods The majority of participants (n = 33), all service users, were interviewed twice via telephone, at 2–4 months into the programme, and at the end of the programme at 8–10 months. Semi-structured interviews covered participants’ experiences of online group support functions and how such groups served as a route of support to aid participants’ behavioural changes. Data were analysed using manifest thematic analysis. Results The majority of participants valued the format of closed group chats, which provided an interactive platform to offer and receive support during their behaviour change journey. However, engagement with group chats reduced over time, and some participants did not find them useful when there was a lack of common interests within the group. Health coaches helped to promote engagement and build rapport among participants within the group chats. Participants reported mixed experiences of discussion forums. Conclusions Programme developers should consider how to optimise online group support to help service users make behavioural changes, in terms of format, participant composition and use of health coach moderators. Further research is required to better understand who might benefit most from ‘group chat’ or ‘discussion forum’ support. Health coach moderation of online support groups is likely to facilitate engagement.
The neuronal implementation of representational geometry in primate prefrontal cortex

Modern neuroscience has seen the rise of a population-doctrine that represents cognitive variables using geometrical structures in activity space. Representational geometry does not, however, account for how individual neurons implement these representations. Leveraging the principle of sparse coding, we present a framework to dissect representational geometry into biologically interpretable components that retain links to single neurons. Applied to extracellular recordings from the primate prefrontal cortex in a working memory task with interference, the identified components revealed disentangled and sequential memory representations including the recovery of memory content after distraction, signals hidden to conventional analyses. Each component was contributed by small subpopulations of neurons with distinct spiking properties and response dynamics. Modeling showed that such sparse implementations are supported by recurrently connected circuits as in prefrontal cortex. The perspective of neuronal implementation links representational geometries to their cellular constituents, providing mechanistic insights into how neural systems encode and process information.
Managing mental health in chronic care in general practice: a feasibility study of the Healthy Mind intervention

Abstract Background and objective Mental health issues are common among patients with chronic physical conditions. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the Healthy Mind intervention, a general practice-based programme that provides problem-solving therapy (PST) to patients with poor mental well-being and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Design and setting A one-arm feasibility study was conducted in three general practices in the Central Denmark Region. Intervention Eight healthcare providers from the included general practices underwent a two-day course to acquire PST skills. Screening for poor mental health was carried out at the annual chronic care consultation for T2D or IHD, and PST sessions were offered to patients on indication of poor mental health. Nine patients received PST. Methods Semi-structured interviews with eight healthcare providers and six patients were conducted. Data were analysed deductively focusing on appropriateness, acceptability and fidelity of the intervention. Results The intervention was considered appropriate for the patient group and the general practice setting. The providers acknowledged PST as a valuable tool for managing psychological issues in general practice, and the patients perceived PST as an effective and tangible treatment. Since practice nurses’ schedules were generally better suited for longer consultations, they were often the preferred intervention providers. The intervention was largely delivered as intended. However, the GPs generally expected patients to prefer a more directive approach, which sometimes challenged their role as facilitator and guide. Conclusion The Healthy Mind intervention was found to be feasible, and the results support proceeding to a full-scale evaluation trial.
Designing for Visualization in Motion: Embedding Visualizations in Swimming Videos

We report on challenges and considerations for supporting design processes for visualizations in motion embedded in sports videos. We derive our insights from analyzing swimming race visualizations and motion-related data, building a technology probe, as well as a study with designers. Understanding how to design situated visualizations in motion is important for a variety of contexts. Competitive sports coverage, in particular, increasingly includes information on athlete or team statistics and records. Although moving visual representations attached to athletes or other targets are starting to appear, systematic investigations on how to best support their design process in the context of sports videos are still missing. Our work makes several contributions in identifying opportunities for visualizations to be added to swimming competition coverage but, most importantly, in identifying requirements and challenges for designing situated visualizations in motion. Our investigations include the analysis of a survey with swimming enthusiasts on their motion-related information needs, an ideation workshop to collect designs and elicit design challenges, the design of a technology probe that allows to create embedded visualizations in motion based on real data (Fig. 1), and an evaluation with visualization designers that aimed to understand the benefits of designing directly on videos.
CircRNA and ferroptosis in human disease: Insights for new treatments

Circular RNA (circRNA), classified as a type of non‐coding RNA, has gained significant attention in the field of biology due to its distinctive ring structure and functional properties. Recent research has provided evidence that specific circRNAs have the ability to modulate disease progression through diverse mechanisms, one of which is by regulating cellular ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is driven by iron dependency and lipid peroxidation, and extensive investigations have revealed a relationship between ferroptosis and disease development. In addition to evidence that both circRNAs and ferroptosis exert critical roles in disease progression, circRNAs have also been shown to actively mediate the process of ferroptosis. The relationship between circRNAs and ferroptosis therefore influences disease progression and offers novel targets for disease treatment. By directly or indirectly modulating the expression of circRNAs that regulate the expression of ferroptosis‐related proteins, it may be possible to impact disease progression by promoting or inhibiting ferroptosis. Current research indicates such approaches may hold significant value in a wide variety of common diseases across physiological systems. This review comprehensively summarizes the findings of recent studies investigating the roles of circRNAs in the regulation of ferroptosis in various diseases.
An Ecological Theory of Spatial Evolution: Local Density Dependence in Tokyo Banking, 1894-1936

Organizations exist in a differentiated spatial ecology generated by past foundings and failures and affecting important organizational and individual outcomes. While ecological theory has traditionally emphasized the temporal evolution of organizational populations, this article considers their spatial evolution. Theories of spatial contagion, competition, and density dependence are used to make competing predictions on how geographically delineated subpopulations grow and interact with neighboring subpopulations. The hypotheses are tested on data from the early history of banking in Tokyo, with findings supportive of density dependence within areas and among neighboring areas. This suggests that the spatial evolution of organizational populations is a promising new area for ecological research, with opportunities for better understanding the theoretical and practical problems of spatial clustering and the boundaries of organizational populations.
Enhanced E-Commerce Sales Analysis with Deep learning Approach

Nowadays, in e-commerce market, Consumer's purchase decision is dependent on many different factors and it is an uncertain process. Using computer vision techniques and e-commerce marketing data, deep learning and Artificial Intelligent can be introduced for E-commerce content detection. Using Computer vision techniques, many valuable features can be extracted out from the e-commerce images, such as HSV color features, face detection, item detection, text detection, and image quality analysis. The relationship between variables provided valuable data and the relation between e-commerce images and sales are correlated in the e-commerce market. Furthermore, deep learning method and regression techniques were also used to determine consumers' preferences, and used to analyze the influencing factors. In this work, an end-to-end system was designed to extract e-commerce image information into quantitative data in consumer models, and proposed a comprehensive deep learning models which can improve consumers’ buying willingness.
The Topologies Exploration on the Knowledge Graph of Alarm Correlation by a Community-based Link Prediction Model

Alarm correlation refers to identifying the correlation between alarms in the system through technical means, accurately categorizing alarms caused by the same problem, and realizing root cause location. Accurate and efficient alarm association identification technology is of great practical significance to accelerate system troubleshooting and ensure the safety of large systems. This paper innovatively proposes a link prediction model considering community similarity and resource allocation between nodes. Based on the application scenario of alarm association knowledge graph, the key innovative technologies and innovation paths in this field are mined and identified, and the potential technological development trends are predicted in the future. Based on the information of 431 invention patents related to alarm correlation in China from 2006 to 2022 and 535 papers from 1998 to 2023, the alarm correlation knowledge map is constructed, and key technologies are identified by topology analysis method. An improved link prediction method is proposed combining community discovery method and resource allocation index, and the potential innovation path of alarm association field is predicted based on the improved index, so as to comprehensively analyze the application status and development prospect of alarm association technology. It is found that technologies such as multilevel classification and causal knowledge will produce innovative results in the fields of alarm clustering and intrusion detection. The research will provide reference for technology prediction in the field of knowledge graph and scientific research innovation of network security personnel.
SEVERAL TSUNAMI SCENARIOS AT THE NORTH SEA AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES AT THE GERMAN BIGHT

Tsunamis occurred in the past at the North Sea, but not frequently. There are historical and geological records of several tsunamis: the Storegga tsunami caused sediment deposits in Scotland 8,000 years ago and records of at least six earthquake-generated tsunamis exist from 842 to 1761 AC. The highest tsunami height witnessed at the German Bight is comparable to the maximum storm surge recorded and could thus cause similar or higher damage. However, there is little research on tsunami modeling in the North Sea. Here, we performed ten numerical experiments imposing N-waves at the open boundaries of a North Sea model system to study the potential consequences of tsunamis for the German Bight. One of the experiments simulated the second Storegga slide tsunami, seven more explored the influence of the incidence direction of the tsunami when entering the North Sea domain, and the other two explored the influence of tides on tsunami heights. We found that the German Bight is not exempt from tsunami risk. The main impact was from waves entering the North Sea from the north, even for tsunamis with sources south of the North Sea. Waves entering from the English Channel were attenuated after crossing the Dover strait. For some scenarios, the tsunami energy got focused directly at the Frisian Islands. The tidal phase had a strong influence on tsunami heights, although in this study the highest heights were obtained in the absence of tides. The duration of tsunamis is significantly smaller than that of storm surges, even though their flow velocities were found to be comparable or larger, thus increasing their possible damage. Therefore, tsunamis should not be dismissed as a threat at the North Sea basin and particularly at the German Bight.
Markers of resistance to pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris in Pisum sativum L. accessions

Abstract One of the major insect pests in Pisum sativum L. (is Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: pests in Pisum sativum L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae). An effective strategy for aphid control is the resistant host plant use. The current study aimed to identify resistance mechanisms and assess biochemical and morphological markers of pea aphid resistance in pea accessions. Meteorological variables affected the pea aphid density, which positively correlated with temperature, while precipitation amount and humidity negatively impacted. The aphid number was significantly and positively associated with the leaf area and the nitrogen content but negatively correlated with calcium and phosphorus levels. The pea aphid-resistant cultivars L 123-7-11, L 128-1and L 125-5 had small leaf areas, and high phosphorus and calcium content but a low nitrogen level. In the mutual influence of the plant indicators, phosphorus concentration had the highest negative impact on pea aphid density, followed by calcium. The plant marker inclusion in the pea breeding process is an efficient tool for a substantial selection program improvement for aphid resistance. Therefore, resistant host plants are essential tools promoting considerable selection program improvement for aphid resistance in the P. sativum breeding process and helping develop sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture.