Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maybe Bacon Had a Point: The Politics of Interpretation in Collective Sensemaking

Despite major contributions to theories of organizational knowledge from socially situated, practice-based approaches, there remains a blind-spot in this literature concerning power and politics. This paper makes some initial attempts to address this absence by thinking about how far alternative theories of power/knowledge can strengthen and extend practice-based approaches to knowledge. The need for a detailed analytic of the multiple techniques, strategies, and expressions of power/knowledge in concrete social situations and the different ways in which they come together through specific episodes of enactment is highlighted. To illustrate this, we draw on an ethnographic study of an inter-organizational collaboration in the telecommunications sector. This illustration focuses on struggles over meaning during a problem-solving encounter during the later stages of a project for developing and implementing new software for telephone exchanges.
What hummingbirds can tell us about cognition in the wild

Here we review around 20 years of experimental data that we have collected during tests of cognitive abilities of free-living, wild rufous hummingbirds Selasphorus rufus at their breeding grounds in southwestern Alberta. Because these birds are readily trained to feed from artificial flowers they have proved a useful system for testing cognitive abilities of an animal outside the box wherein animal cognitive abilities are so often tested in the laboratory. And, although these data all come from a single species in a single location, the long-term aim of this work is to make a contribution to our understanding of the evolution of cognitive abilities, by examining the relationship between the ecological demands these birds face and their cognitive abilities. Testing predictions based on our knowledge of their ecology we have found that, while these birds aggressively defend a territory and display to females during the time we train and test them, they can learn and remember the locations of rewarded flowers, what those flowers look like, and when they are likely to contain food. Small-brained though they may be, these 3g hummingbirds appear to have cognitive capabilities that are not only well matched to their ecological demands, they are in at least some instances better (more capacious) than those of animals tested in the laboratory.
Maybe the fountain of youth was actually a treadmill: role of exercise in reversing microvascular and diastolic dysfunction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a prominent health concern in the United States and around the world. In 2013 more than one-third of the U.S. population had some form of CVD (Mozaffarian et al. 2016). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Multi-Channel Bayesian ART for robot fusion perception

Multiple sensor data fusion is the technique of associate information from a number of different sensors to produce a robust and comprehensive description. Data fusion pose is using in various robotics application such as environment mapping, object recognition and robot localization. Their relation is generally hard coded and difficult to learn incrementally if new objects or events arise. In this paper, we propose a new learning architecture termed as Multi-Channel Bayesian ART which is very flexible can be adapted to new domains or different sensor configurations easily. The other advantages of the proposed method are: 1) it is capable of incremental on-line learning without forgetting previously-learned knowledge 2) It can process data real time and does not require any prior training to make it work in natural environment. The effectiveness of our proposed method is validated by real experimental results implemented on robot.
An Efficient Diagnosis System for Parkinson's Disease Using Deep Belief Network

— In this paper, a deep belief network (DBN) has been adopted as an efficient technique to diagnosis the Parkinson's disease (PD). This diagnosis has been established based on the speech signal of the patients. Through the distinguishing and analyzing of the speech signal, the DBN has the ability to diagnose Parkinson's disease. To realize the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease by using DBN, the proposed system has been trained and tested with voices from a number of patients and healthy people. A feature extraction process has been prepared to be inputted to the deep belief network (DBN) which is used to create a template matching of the voices. In this paper, DBN is used to classify the Parkinson's disease which composes two stacked Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) and one output layer. Two stages of learning need to be applied to optimize the networks’ parameters. The first stage is unsupervised learning which uses RBMs to overcome the problem that can cause because of the random value of the initial weights. Secondly, backpropagation algorithm is used as a supervised learning for the fine tuning. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, the experimental results are compared with different approaches and related works. The overall testing accuracy of the proposed system is 94% which is better than all of the compared methods. In short, the DBN is an effective way to diagnosis Parkinson's disease by using the speech signal.
Socioeconomic Status and Health: The Role of Sleep

Objective Examine the role of sleep in the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health. Method Self-reported measures of income and education, sleep quantity and quality, and mental and physical health were obtained in a community sample of 1139 adults. Results More education was associated with higher income (p < .001), and higher income was associated with better physical health (p < .001) and psychological outcomes (p < .001). The effects of income on both mental and physical health were mediated by sleep quality (p values < .01), and sleep quantity was related to both measures of health (p values < .01) but to neither index of SES. Conclusion Sleep quality may play a mediating role in translating SES into mental and physical well-being, and income seems to mediate the effect of education on sleep and, in turn, health.
The Physiological Significance of the Time-to-Maximum (Tmax) Parameter in Perfusion MRI

Background and Purpose— Many perfusion-related MRI parameters are used to investigate the penumbra in stroke. Although time-to-maximum (Tmax) of the residue function has been suggested as a very promising parameter, its physiological meaning and sensitivity to experimental conditions are not well-understood. Methods— We used simulations to further our understanding of the practical meaning of Tmax and to provide recommendations for its use in clinical investigations. We interpret in vivo examples guided by the simulation findings. Results— Whereas Tmax has several attractive properties for clinical use, it is shown that its physiological interpretation is complex and affected by experimental conditions. Tmax is found to reflect a combination of delay, dispersion, and, to a lesser degree, mean transit time. It should therefore mainly be considered a measure of macrovascular characteristics. Furthermore, based on the simulations, use of temporal-interpolation is highly recommended, as is correction for slice-acquisition timing differences. Conclusion— Special care should be taken when setting-up Tmax thresholds for data acquired with different protocols (eg, multicenter studies) because various factors can influence the measured Tmax. Because of its complementary information, used in conjunction with delay-insensitive cerebral blood-flow, cerebral blood volume, and mean transit time maps, Tmax should provide important additional information on brain hemodynamic status.
Isolation and identification of a novel microbial alkaloid.

In the course of screening for unique microbial products with pharmacological activity, we have isolated two metabolites from the fermentation filtrate of an unidentified Streptomyces sp. SCC 2313, which exhibited an affinity for muscarinic receptors. The assay directed separation of the active ingredients provided two compounds1 and 2. Based on physico-chemical characteristics, we have elucidated the structure of both the compounds. While microbial product 1 was found to be a knowncompoundand was identical to pyrindicin1>2), a microbial alkaloid, compound 2, has not previously been reported in the literature. This paper describes the production, isolation, physicochemical properties and structure elucidation of
Speed estimation of an induction motor drive using an optimized extended Kalman filter

This paper presents a novel method to achieve good performance of an extended Kalman filter (EKF) for speed estimation of an induction motor drive. A real-coded genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the noise covariance and weight matrices of the EKF, thereby ensuring filter stability and accuracy in speed estimation. Simulation studies on a constant V/Hz controller and a field-oriented controller (FOC) under various operating conditions demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. The experimental system consists of a prototype digital-signal-processor-based FOC induction motor drive with hardware facilities for acquiring the speed, voltage, and current signals to a PC. Experiments comprising offline GA training and verification phases are presented to validate the performance of the optimized EKF.
Postischemic Augmentation of Conducted Dilation in Cerebral Arterioles

Background and Purpose— Conducted vasomotor responses likely play an important role in cerebrovascular regulation, but it is unclear how these responses may be affected by ischemia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) alters vascular conduction in cerebral arterioles. Methods— Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced by an intraluminal filament technique in 4 groups of rats: (A) 2-hour MCAO/24-hour reperfusion (n=14); (B) 2-hour MCAO/1-hour reperfusion (n=7); (C) 1-hour MCAO/24-hour reperfusion (n=6); and (D) 1-hour MCAO/1-hour reperfusion (n=5). Neurological status and infarction (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining) were evaluated after I/R. Conducted vasomotor responses were assessed in intracerebral branches of the MCA, by following the longitudinal spread of vasodilation or vasoconstriction to localized microapplication of ATP or adenosine. Results— Local microapplication of ATP evoked a biphasic constriction (17±3%) and dilation (7±2%) response, whereas adenosine elicited only dilation (11±2%). These local responses spread longitudinally along sham-control arterioles (1 mm conduction distance) with rapid spatial decay. Ischemia followed by 24-hour reperfusion (groups A and C) led to a marked potentiation of conducted dilation responses: dilation to ATP conducted with virtually no decay in I/R arterioles. Augmentation of conductivity was not observed in the 1-hour reperfusion groups (B and D). Moreover, I/R did not alter conducted constriction. Conclusions— Ischemia-reperfusion led to a specific augmentation of conducted vasodilation in cerebral arterioles. Presumably, enhanced conductivity may improve cerebral perfusion after ischemia.
The Learner-Centred Approach Revisited

The foregoing statements are very revealing of the relationships between trainer and trainee, and are in fact the hallmark of the learner-centred approach. This paper attempts to examine whether the learner-centred approach is limited in its applicability to management and administrative training and not suitable for technical training. This will be done by answering three pertinent questions: What is the learner-centred approach? What is the theoretical as well as practical basis for this approach? How wide is its application?
Sites construídos por adolescentes: novos espaços de leitura/escrita e subjetivação

O artigo relata uma pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem socio-historica, que teve como objetivo a compreensao de sites construidos por adolescentes, como espacos de leitura/escrita e de subjetivacao. A leitura/escrita hipertextual se dinamiza e flexibiliza na e pela linguagem, que trava um dialogo com outras interfaces semioticas, o que origina diversificadas formas de textualidade e generos discursivos. A partir da categoria do dialogismo bakhtiniano, compreendemos como o hipertexto digital favorece o dialogo entre textos e entre pessoas. Os adolescentes transitam pelo espaco cibernetico, reelaborando vivencias proprias de seu cotidiano a partir das praticas discursivas que ali produzem. Discutimos, portanto, como os sites construidos por adolescentes podem estar propiciando, por meio da leitura/escrita digital, novas formas de interacao e novas possibilidades para a constituicao da sua subjetividade.
Improving Early Identification and Intervention for Children at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder

OBJECTIVES: To provide an example of a successful, novel statewide effort to increase early identification of young children at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a 2-tiered screening process with enhanced quality assessment, interagency policy collaboration and coordination. METHODS: The South Carolina Act Early Team (SCAET) provided focused collaboration among leaders representing state agencies, universities, health care systems, private organizations, and families to improve quality of life for children with ASD. Specific focus was on implementing policy changes and training to result in earlier identification and home-based behavioral intervention for young children at risk for ASD. RESULTS: Policy changes, training, and modified state agency practices were accomplished. Presumptive eligibility, on the basis of a 2-tiered screening process was implemented by BabyNet (South Carolina’s Early Intervention Program) in collaboration with the lead agency for developmental disability services. There was a fivefold increase in children eligible for early intensive behavioral intervention without waiting for a diagnosis of ASD, avoiding long waits for diagnostic evaluations. Only 16 children (2.5%) were later found not to have ASD from a comprehensive evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in early identification and intervention are feasible through collaborative policy change. The South Carolina Act Early Team and its key stakeholders committed to improving outcomes for this population used existing tools and methods in new ways to improve early identification of children with ASD and to make available evidence-based intervention services. This example should be replicable in other states with key stakeholders working collaboratively for the benefit of young children with ASD.
Homework for Students with Learning Disabilities

The literature on homework for students with learning disabilities is reviewed. First, a summary of Cooper's (1989a) synthesis of research on homework for students without disabilities is presented, including (a) a definition of homework, (b) a model of the homework process, (c) the results of a meta-analysis of homework studies, and (d) generic policy guidelines. Next, special education research on homework conducted after 1985 is described. The literature is divided into studies that manipulated homework conditions and homework-related surveys of teachers and parents. The results of the literature review suggest that homework policies and practices for students with learning disabilities should emphasize (a) simple, short assignments; (b) careful monitoring by and prominent rewards from teachers; and (c) parental involvement, especially to provide structure, conducive environments, and immediate rewards.
Bayesian Decision Process for Cost-Efficient Dynamic Ranking via Crowdsourcing

Rank aggregation based on pairwise comparisons over a set of items has a wide range of applications. Although considerable research has been devoted to the development of rank aggregation algorithms, one basic question is how to efficiently collect a large amount of high-quality pairwise comparisons for the ranking purpose. Because of the advent of many crowdsourcing services, a crowd of workers are often hired to conduct pairwise comparisons with a small monetary reward for each pair they compare. Since different workers have different levels of reliability and different pairs have different levels of ambiguity, it is desirable to wisely allocate the limited budget for comparisons among the pairs of items and workers so that the global ranking can be accurately inferred from the comparison results. To this end, we model the active sampling problem in crowdsourced ranking as a Bayesian Markov decision process, which dynamically selects item pairs and workers to improve the ranking accuracy under a budget constraint. We further develop a computationally efficient sampling policy based on knowledge gradient as well as a moment matching technique for posterior approximation. Experimental evaluations on both synthetic and real data show that the proposed policy achieves high ranking accuracy with a lower labeling cost.
Deletion of a tumor necrosis superfamily gene in mice leads to impaired healing that mimics chronic wounds in humans

Proper healing of cutaneous wounds progresses through a series of overlapping phases. Nonhealing wounds are defective in one or more of these processes and represent a major clinical problem. A critical issue in developing treatments for chronic wounds is the paucity of animal models to study the mechanisms underlying the defects in healing. Here we show that deletion of tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14/LIGHT) leads to impaired wounds in mice that have the characteristics of nonchronic and chronic ulcers. These wounds show: (1) excessive production of cytokines, in particular three chemokines (KC/CXCL8, MCP‐1/CCL2, IP‐10/CXCL10), that may be key to the abnormal initiation and resolution of inflammation; (2) defective basement membranes, explaining blood vessel leakage and disruption of dermal/epidermal interactions; and (3) granulation tissue that contains high levels of Coll III, whereas Coll I is virtually absent and does not form fibrils. We also see major differences between nonchronic and chronic wounds, with the latter populated by bacterial films and producing eotaxin, a chemokine that attracts leukocytes that combat multicellular organisms (which biofilms can be considered to be). This new mouse model captures many defects observed in impaired and chronic human wounds and provides a vehicle to address their underlying cell and molecular mechanisms.
Diabetes Mellitus in the Transition to Adulthood: Adjustment, Self‐Care, and Health Status

A cross-sectional study of health and adjustment among 18 to 22-year-old patients with insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reported. Objective were to examine coping with IDDM in this age group; to identify predictors of health status, treatment adherence, and health care use; and to provide a retrospective evaluation of the persistence of IDDM-specific adjustment from earlier through later adolescence. Multiple validated measures, interviews of independent informants, and biochemical assays were used to assess psychological, behavioral, and metabolic status. Patients and parents completed a retrospective measure of the patient's adjustment to IDDM during earlier adolescence. Findings (n = 81) indicated: (1) normal rates of general psychopathology but some evidence of poorer adjustment to IDDM relative to other age groups, (2) poor diabetic control and high incidence of microalbuminuria, (3) specific factors associated differentially with treatment compliance, health care use, diabetic control, and microabuminuria among late adolescents, and (4) evidence that poor adjustment to IDDM in earlier adolescence persists into the transition to adulthood. The findings imply that late adolescents with IDDM are at risk of various unfavorable behavioral and health outcomes and that adjustment to the disease during earlier adolescence may be a predictor of subsequent health-related behavior and health status. A longitudinal study is needed to confirm these findings. J Dev Behav Pediatr 13:194–201, 1992. Index terms: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, adolescence, adherence, glycemic control, microalbuminuria, health care use.
Entrepreneurs, the Self‐employed and Employees amongst Young European Higher Education Graduates

We shall analyse the different characteristics of entrepreneurs, the self-employed, and employees in public, private and non-profit organisations, based on a sample of young European higher education graduates. Using graduates’ self-assessment from a survey, several sets of characteristics such as social-demographic traits, educational and occupational experiences and levels of competences are considered. A descriptive analysis shows, first, that graduates who start their own business have different profiles in relation to elements leading to their occupational decision after graduation; and, second, that labour market status achieved by entrepreneur graduates implies relatively more demanding activities, higher earnings and higher job satisfaction than non-entrepreneur graduates.
Integration of Clustering and Multidimensional Scaling to Determine Phylogenetic Trees as Spherical Phylograms Visualized in 3 Dimensions

Phylogenetic analysis is commonly used to analyze genetic sequence data from fungal communities, while ordination and clustering techniques commonly are used to analyze sequence data from bacterial communities. However, few studies have attempted to link these two independent approaches. In this paper, we propose a method, which we call spherical phylogram (SP), to display the phylogenetic tree within the clustering and visualization result from a pipeline called DACIDR. In comparison with traditional tree display methods, the correlations between the tree and the clustering can be observed directly. In addition, we propose an algorithm called interpolative joining (IJ) to construct and visualize the SP in 3D space. In the experiments, we used the sum of branch lengths to quantify the general fit between the clustering and the phylogenetic tree in SP and Mantel tests to determine how well the same grouping of sequences was preserved between the clustering and the SP. Our results show that DACIDR has a classification accuracy that is similar to a phylogenetic tree generated using a multiple sequence alignment, while having much lower computational cost.
Erinnertes elterliches Erziehungsverhalten und aktuelle Bindungsorganisation im Erwachsenenalter

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Personen mit Angststorungen schatzen den Erziehungsstil ihrer Eltern wahrend der Kindheit oft als emotional kalt und kontrollierend ein. Zusammenhange zwischen Angststorungen und aktueller Erwachsenenbindung wurden bislag jedoch kaum untersucht. Fragestellung: Inwiefern unterscheiden sich Erwachsene mit und ohne Angststorung im elterlichen Erziehungsverhalten und in ihrer aktuellen Bindungsorganisation voneinander? Methode: 26 Personen mit einer Angststorung und 24 Kontrollpersonen (Altersspanne 20 bis 56 Jahre) wurden mit dem Erwachsenenbindungs-Prototypenrating (EBPR) und dem Fragebogen zum erinnerten elterlichen Erziehungsverhalten (FEE) abgeklart. Ergebnisse: Personen mit Angststorungen schatzten ihre Mutter und ihren Vater als emotional kalter ein und wiesen weniger Sicherheit in der aktuellen Erwachsenen-Bindungsorganisation auf als Kontrollpersonen. Schlussfolgerungen: Die emotionale Warme der Eltern wahrend der Kindheit stellt moglicherweise ein protekti.