Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sub-GAM Modes in Stellarators and Tokamaks

Equations describing eigenmodes with the frequencies of the order of the geodesic acoustic frequency and the electron/ion diamagnetic frequency in toroidal plasmas are derived and analyzed, a code BOAS solving them is developed. It is shown that there exist drift-sound eigenmodes and new drift-Alfvén eigenmodes. This is done by means of an analytical consideration and numerical modelling of particular discharges in the stellarator Wendelstein 7-AS. It is shown experimentally that the modes rotating in different directions can be destabilized simultaneously, which agrees with theory predictions.
On Global Types and Multi-Party Session

We present a new, streamlined language of global types equipped with a trace-based semantics and whose features and restrictions are semantically justified. The multi-party sessions obtained projecting our global types enjoy a liveness property in addition to the traditional progress and are shown to be sound and complete with respect to the set of traces of the originating global type. Our notion of completeness is less demanding than the classical ones, allowing a multiparty session to leave out redundant traces from an underspecified global type.
Assessing Memory Access Performance of Chapel through Synthetic Benchmarks

The Partitioned Global Address Space(PGAS) programming model strikes a balance between high performance and locality awareness. As a PGAS language, Chapel relieves programmers from handling details of data movement in a distributed memory environment, by presenting a flat memory space that is logically partitioned among executing entities. Traversing such a space requires address mapping to the system virtual address space, and as such, this abstraction inevitably causes major overheads during memory accesses. In this paper, we analyzed the extent of this overhead by implementing a micro benchmark to test different types of memory accesses that can be observed in Chapel. We showed that, as the locality gets exploited speedup gains up to 35x can be achieved. This was demonstrated through hand tuning, however. More productive means should be provided to deliver such performance improvement without excessively burdening programmers. Therefore, we also discuss possibilities to increase Chapel's performance through standard libraries, compiler, runtime and/or hardware support to handle different types of memory accesses more efficiently.
Neural Networks for Macroeconomic Forecasting : A Complementary Approach to Linear Regression Models

In recent years, neural networks have received an increasing amount of attention among macroeconomic forecasters because of their potential to detect and reproduce linear and nonlinear relationships among a set of variables. This paper provides a highly accessible introduction to neural networks and establishes several parallels with standard econometric techniques. To facilitate the presentation, an empirical example is developed to forecast Canada's real GDP growth. For both the in-sample and out-ofsample periods, the forecasting accuracy of the neural network is found to be superior to a well-established linear regression model developed in the Department, with the error reduction ranging from 13 to 40 per cent. However, various tests indicate that there is little evidence that the improvement in forecasting accuracy is statistically significant. A thorough review of the literature suggests that neural networks are generally more accurate than linear models for out-of-sample forecasting of economic output and various financial variables such as stock prices. However, the literature should still be considered inconclusive due to the relatively small number of reliable studies on the topic. Despite these encouraging results, neural networks should not be viewed as a panacea, as this method also presents various weaknesses. Contrary to many researchers in the field, who tend to adopt an all-or-nothing approach to this issue, we argue that neural networks should be considered as a powerful complement to standard econometric methods, rather than a substitute. The full potential of neural networks can probably be exploited by using them in conjunction with linear regression models. Hence, neural networks should be viewed as an additional tool to be included in the toolbox of macroeconomic forecasters.
Management selection by executive recruitment consultancies: A survey and explanation of selection methods

Differs from previous studies of managerial selection methods. Focuses wholly on the activities of external executive recruitment consultancies. Results are presented from two major surveys on the use of selection methods by such consultancies: in general they use low validity techniques, primarily unstructured interviews and references. Low validity selection methods may be used because validity is not the primary “evaluative standard”. Suggests five alternative “evaluative standards”.
Options for the Delivery of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria to Children: A Community Randomised Trial

Background Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in children (IPTc) is a promising new intervention for the prevention of malaria but its delivery is a challenge. We have evaluated the coverage of IPTc that can be achieved by two different delivery systems in Ghana. Methods IPTc was delivered by volunteers in six villages (community-based arm) and by health workers at health centres or at Expanded Programme on Immunisation outreach clinics (facility based) in another six communities. The villages were selected randomly and drugs were administered in May, June, September and October 2006. The first dose of a three-dose regimen of amodiaquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine was administered under supervision to 3–59 month-old children (n = 964) in the 12 study villages; doses for days 2 and 3 were given to parents/guardians to administer at home. Results The proportion of children who received at least the first dose of 3 or more courses of IPTc was slightly higher in the community based arm (90.5% vs 86.6%; p = 0.059). Completion of the three dose regimen was high and similar with both delivery systems (91.6% and 91.7% respectively). Conclusion Seasonal IPTc delivered through community-based or facility-based systems can achieve a high coverage rate with the support and supervision of the district health management team. However, in order to maximise the impact of IPTc, both delivery systems may be needed in some settings. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00119132
I/NI-calls for the exclusion of non-informative genes: a highly effective filtering tool for microarray data

MOTIVATION DNA microarray technology typically generates many measurements of which only a relatively small subset is informative for the interpretation of the experiment. To avoid false positive results, it is therefore critical to select the informative genes from the large noisy data before the actual analysis. Most currently available filtering techniques are supervised and therefore suffer from a potential risk of overfitting. The unsupervised filtering techniques, on the other hand, are either not very efficient or too stringent as they may mix up signal with noise. We propose to use the multiple probes measuring the same target mRNA as repeated measures to quantify the signal-to-noise ratio of that specific probe set. A Bayesian factor analysis with specifically chosen prior settings, which models this probe level information, is providing an objective feature filtering technique, named informative/non-informative calls (I/NI calls). RESULTS Based on 30 real-life data sets (including various human, rat, mice and Arabidopsis studies) and a spiked-in data set, it is shown that I/NI calls is highly effective, with exclusion rates ranging from 70% to 99%. Consequently, it offers a critical solution to the curse of high-dimensionality in the analysis of microarray data. AVAILABILITY This filtering approach is publicly available as a function implemented in the R package FARMS (www.bioinf.jku.at/software/farms/farms.html).
The Joint Painting Procedure to Assess Implicit Aspects of the Mother–Child Relationship in Middle Childhood

Abstract This brief report describes a preliminary study that examined the association between implicit aspects of parent–child relationships as assessed by the Joint Painting Procedure (JPP) and self-report measures of the quality of mother–child relations and children's adjustment at home and at school as reported by the mothers. Forty mother–child dyads participated in the study. The JPP scales that assessed monitoring and positive close relationships were associated with similar dimensions from the self-report questionnaires. Associations between JPP measures of relationship with acting-out problems and learning difficulties also were found. The results highlight the differences between implicit and explicit aspects of parent–child relationships and the importance of evaluating both in psychotherapy and art therapy treatment.
SiGe subharmonic mixer for direct conversion receivers

A second harmonic mixer appropriate for direct conversion receivers is realized in 0.18 μm SiGe technology. The realized topology offers a unique mechanism to prevent LO to RF leakage, thus, suppress the DC Offset voltage due to LO self mixing. The constant current consumption of the topology provides a proper isolation of the noise mixing operation from the supply lines. Large signal analysis of the topology is presented and the dependence of the conversion gain on the biasing conditions is investigated. Measurements are acquired to verify the conversion gain gathered from the analysis and the simulation results. According to measurement results, the conversion gain of the circuit is 35 dB and the second harmonic of LO to RF leakage is less than 70 dB.
Demonstration of an optical spring in the 100 g mirror regime

Optical rigidity will play an important role in future generations of gravitational wave (GW) interferometers which employ high laser power in order to reach and exceed the standard quantum limit. Several experiments have demonstrated the optical spring effect for very low weight mirror masses. In this paper we extend this to a mass and frequency regime more directly applicable to GW detectors. Using a 100 g ? > end mirror mass we demonstrate an optical spring resonant at 500 Hz ? > and a stiffness of 9.4 ×105 N m−1. The 100 g ? > to 1 kg ? > mass regime may also be useful for the application as a readout mirror for optical bar or optical lever configurations.
To the Edge with China: Explorations in Network Performance

The complex nature of distributed network- based musical performance served as the starting point for the Stanford University SoundWIRE group's 2008 collaboration with Peking University in Beijing, China. In planning and executing the multi-ensemble networked concert entitled "Pacific Rim of Wire" at Stanford on April 29, 2008, musicians and engineers from Stanford and Beijing undertook issues—technical and musical—ranging from the use of incompatible networking address protocols to the synchronization of performers, human and computer, across a 6000 mile span of network. This paper outlines the technical and musical strategies employed to support the production's demands, as well as specific methodologies employed for the realization of Terry Riley's In C. I. INTRODUCTION Musical and technical strategies in local performances need to be re-factored when musicians are separated by long physical and acoustical distances. We address some of these issues in a large scale concert between two venues separated by 6000 miles: Stanford, California and Beijing, China. The SoundWIRE research group at Stanford (1) has been organizing and implementing technologies for real-time distributed performance for the last several years. The "Pacific Rim of Wire" concert highlights a number of key musical and technical chal- lenges that still loom large above current attempts to perform using communication technologies. The technical and musical demands of the "Pacific Rim of Wire" collaboration required the initiation of new types of network connectivity, the development of software to deal with next-generation Internet backbones, the implementation of musical strategies to deal with network-induced acoustical delays, and the organization of network-based metronomic systems with which a laptop orchestra synchronizes its performance with an ensemble of acoustic instruments. Performing with ensembles based in other countries affords musicians and researchers the opportunity to explore edges of musical and technological strategies. The "Pacific Rim of Wire" performances included an ensemble of traditional Chinese instruments perform- ing with the Stanford New Ensemble, using traditional Western instruments, all mixed together with the newly minted Stanford Laptop Orchestra (SLOrk) (2). Such a collaboration also offers a unique opportunity to explore the manner in which traditional pieces can be performed in this medium. As part of this effort, a performance of Terry Rilley's In C is showcased.
Optimized edge appearance probability for cooperative localization based on tree-reweighted nonparametric belief propagation

Nonparametric belief propagation (NBP) is a well-known particle-based method for distributed inference in wireless networks. NBP has a large number of applications, including cooperative localization. However, in loopy networks NBP suffers from similar problems as standard BP, such as over-confident beliefs and possible non-convergence. Tree-reweighted NBP (TRW-NBP) can mitigate these problems, but does not easily lead to a distributed implementation due to the non-local nature of the required so-called edge appearance probabilities. In this paper, we propose a variation of TRW-NBP, suitable for cooperative localization in wireless networks. Our algorithm uses a fixed edge appearance probability for every edge, and can outperform standard NBP in dense wireless networks.
Digital Renegades in America: Changing Metaphors to Realize the Potential of Technology in Education.

In 2001, Marc Prensky introduced a new metaphor to the educational landscape. He suggested that the rising generation were growing up in a time so filled with new media that they were “digital natives,” while those born earlier were “digital immigrants. ” In this view, because the digital natives are growing up immersed in a sea of technology, the ways they learn, interact, and envision the world are markedly different. In contrast, the older generations or digital immigrants, are more plodding and hesitant when it comes to change and technology and, as a result, are behind the times when it comes to learning, teaching, and being. The result is an approach to schooling that marginalizes teachers (digital immigrants) and enthrones technology as the unquestioned savior of the rising generation (digital natives). Since its inception, the digital native/digital immigrant metaphor has become the defining metaphor among teachers and many others for the role of technology in education. However, the unquestioningly Pollyanna-ish view of technology’s good and dreary view of teachers and their agency inside the classroom is ill-suited to the needs of a society, such as ours, facing a need for more democratic approaches and practices in schools. Furthermore, the outright dismissal of teachers runs counter to the idea of teacher agency and power and the notion that teachers are tools of democratic renewal and growth (Dewey, 2004; Freire, 1970; Giroux, 2005). As a result, the digital native/digital immigrant metaphor needs to be put aside and we need a new metaphor to help guide our thinking and actions as we confront the perils and potentials embodied in new technologies in the classroom.
Ameloblastic fibroma or fibrosarcoma: A dilemma of oral surgeon

Ameloblastic fibroma (AF) is an uncommon true mixed odontogenic tumor, with a relative frequency between 1.5% and 4.5% of all odontogenic tumors. It may behave either as a true neoplasm or as a hamartomatous proliferation of odontogenic epithelium of the enamel organ and odontogenic mesenchyme of the primitive dental pulp. Frequently diagnosed between the first and second decades of life with 75% of cases was diagnosed before the age of 20 and present with a well-defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucencies. A conservative approach, enucleation with curettage, and long-term follow-up are absolutely necessary for any recurrence or change to fibrosarcoma. We report a case of AF in a 10-year-old male patient who presented with a chief complaint of swelling in the right mandibular posterior region. Enucleation and curettage were done under general anesthesia, followed by immunohistochemical markers (Ki-67, Mib-1) to assess the sarcomatous changes and aggressiveness of the tumor.
Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies.

The hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HMSN) represent a genetically heterogeneous collection of disorders in which patients develop a progressive muscular atrophy and sensory neuropathy of the distal extremities. Although Dyck' has noted seven types, the best described of these are HMSN types I and II (Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) and Dejerine-Sottas (DS) disease, HMSN III. In contrast to other neurological disorders, such as Huntington's disease and myotonic dystrophy, there appears to be extensive genetic diversity in HMSN. The recent use of pedigree linkage analysis together with recombinant DNA techniques in these disorders has finally begun to clarify this confusing group of diseases. Charcot and Marie,s and independently Tooth,6 described a hereditary progressive muscular atrophy of the lower extremities in 1886. The former authors suspected the disorder represented a myelopathy, while Tooth considered it to be a 'true neuropathy'. Today Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease represents the most common inherited neuropathy, with estimates of 36/100 0007 for the prevalence of its most frequent type, the autosomal dominant form. Presentation of symptoms is commonly in childhood or as a young adult. Initial weakness occurs in a peroneal nerve distribution with development of the characteristic foot drop, pes cavus, and hammer toes. Sensory examination is abnormal as well, but deficits are usually not symptomatic. The disease is progressive and atrophy of the distal upper extremities may occur in many subjects. Like many inherited neuro-logical disorders, CMT is marked by variable expres-sivity. Some patients may have only minimal symptoms, and their diagnosis may rest on nerve conduction studies or obligate carrier status, while others may require extensive orthopaedic intervention to maintain ambulation. A few patients may become wheelchair dependent. Ataxia and especially intention tremor are not uncommon.8 Prominence of these later symptoms led Roussy and Levy9 to describe what was initially believed to be a distinct syndrome. However, subsequent identification of families in which the CMT1 (HMSN I) and Roussy-Levy phenotypes segregate as one gene has led to the conclusion that patients with Roussy-Levy syndrome actually represent extreme expressions of CMT1. '0 With the known linkages to chromosomes 17 and 1 in CMT1, proof of this clinical impression may be obtained through future linkage analysis. In 1968, Dyck and Lambert" 12 divided the autosomal dominant forms of CMT into two types, based on physiological and pathological criteria: (1) the demyelinating form, CMT1, with severely decreased nerve condition velocities (NCV) and hypertrophic changes on biopsy, and (2) CMT2, the …
Climate Change Adaptation and Development: Exploring the Linkages

Please note that Tyndall working papers are "work in progress". Whilst they are commented on by Tyndall researchers, they have not been subject to a full peer review. The accuracy of this work and the conclusions reached are the responsibility of the author(s) alone and not the Tyndall Centre. Manuscript has also been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal 1 Summary Successful human societies are characterised by their adaptability, evidenced throughout human existence. However, climate change introduces a new challenge, not only because of the expected rise in temperature and sea-levels, but also due to the current context of failure to address the causes of poverty adequately. As a result, policy supporting adaptation has been cast as a necessary strategy for responding to both climate change and supporting development, making adaptation the focus of much recent scholarly and policy research. This paper addresses this new adaptation discourse, arguing that work on adaptation so far has focused on responding to the impacts of climate change, rather than sufficiently addressing the underlying factors that cause vulnerability. While there is a significant push all around for adaptation to be better placed in development planning, the paper finds this to be putting the cart before the horse. A successful adaptation process will require adequately addressing the underlying causes of vulnerability: this is the role that development has to play. This work results from research aimed at exploring the international discourse on adaptation to climate change and the meaning of adaptation to climate change in the context of development. 1. Introduction As a result of evidence that human-induced global climate change is already occurring and will continue to affect society over the coming decades, a surge in interest in impact-oriented action is discernable since the beginning of the century, in contrast to efforts centred on prevention (Burton et al., 2002). Frustration over the lack of progress and effectiveness of policy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has contributed to this shift. Adapting to the changes has consequently emerged as a solution to address the impacts of climate change that are already evident in some regions. However, this course of action has not always been considered relevant within science and policy (Schipper, 2006a; Klein, 2003). Adaptation responds directly to the impacts of the increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in both precautionary and reactive ways, rather than through the preventative approach of limiting the source of the gases (this …
Making Sense of Loss: the Disenfranchised Grief of Women Who Are "Contingently Childless"

The incidence of unintentional childlessness in women who have, as popular comment puts it, “left it too late,” is rising markedly in many western nations, yet the experience is not well understood. This paper draws on an exploratory psycho-social study of the experiences of 27 New Zealand women in their 30s and 40s who are “contingently childless”; that is women who have always seen themselves as having children but find themselves at the end of their natural fertility without having done so for social rather than (at least initially) biological reasons. They are engaged in a process of coming to terms with probably not becoming biological mothers and are in the unusual, but not uncommon, position of being neither “voluntarily childless” (since they would like to have a child), nor “involuntarily childless” (since they were/are, at least initially, biologically capable of doing so). Grief and a strong sense of loss emerged as a major theme in the study. The analysis draws on one aspect of this theme; the social “invisibility” of these women’s experience, and the ways it constructs the public and private grieving they do. The paper discusses how the perceived social illegitimacy of these women’s grief creates a painful sense of isolation and alienation for them, and contributes to the silence and lack of understanding that surrounds their experience.