Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Detection and Attribution of Recent Climate Change: A Status Report

This paper addresses the question of where we now stand with respect to detection and attribution of an anthropo- genic climate signal. Our ability to estimate natural climate variability, against which claims of anthropogenic signal detection must be made, is reviewed. The current situation suggests control runs of global climate models may give the best estimates of natural variability on a global basis, estimates that appear to be accurate to within a factor of 2 or 3 at multidecadal timescales used in detection work. Present uncertainties in both observations and model-simulated anthropogenic signals in near-surface air tem- perature are estimated. The uncertainty in model simulated signals is, in places, as large as the signal to be detected. Two different, but complementary, approaches to detection and attribution are discussed in the context of these uncertainties. Applying one of the detection strategies, it is found that the change in near-surface, June through August air tem- perature field over the last 50 years is generally different at a significance level of 5% from that expected from model- based estimates of natural variability. Greenhouse gases alone cannot explain the observed change. Two of four climate models forced by greenhouse gases and direct sulfate aerosols produce results consistent with the current climate change observations, while the consistency of the other two depends on which model's anthropogenic fingerprints are used. A recent integration with additional anthropogenic forcings (the indirect effects of sulfate aerosols and tropospheric ozone) and more complete tropospheric chemistry produced results whose signal amplitude and pattern were consis- tent with current observations, provided the model's fingerprint is used and detection carried out over only the last 30 years of annually averaged data. This single integration currently cannot be corroborated and provides no opportunity to estimate the uncertainties inherent in the results, uncertainties that are thought to be large and poorly known. These results illustrate the current large uncertainty in the magnitude and spatial pattern of the direct and indirect sulfate forcing and climate response. They also show detection statements depend on model-specific fingerprints, time pe- riod, and seasonal character of the signal, dependencies that have not been well explored. Most, but not all, results suggest that recent changes in global climate inferred from surface air temperature are likely not due solely to natural causes. At present it is not possible to make a very confident statement about the relative con- tributions of specific natural and anthropogenic forcings to observed climate change. One of the main reasons is that fully realistic simulations of climate change due to the combined effects of all anthropogenic and natural forcings mecha- nisms have yet to be computed. A list of recommendations for reducing some of the uncertainties that currently hamper detection and attribution studies is presented.
13-Methyl-palmatrubine induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in A549 cells in vitro and in vivo

Corydalis yanhusuo, a well-known herbaceous plant, is commonly used in the treatment of inflammation, injury and pain. One natural agent isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo, 13-methyl-palmatrubine, was found to have a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells as reported in published studies. In the present study, we synthesized a potential anti-lung tumor agent, 13-methyl-palmatrubine and analyzed its activity. 13-Methyl-palmatrubine exhibited a cytotoxic effect on a panel of cancer cell lines in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Among all the tested cancer cell lines, lung cancer A549 cells were most sensitive to 13-methyl-palmatrubine treatment. Meanwhile 13-methyl-palmatrubine showed less cytotoxicity in human normal cells. Our investigation revealed that 13-methyl-palmatrubine induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, 13-methyl-palmatrubine treatment caused activation of P38 and JNK pathways and blocked the EGFR pathway. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that 13-methyl-palmatrubine inhibited the growth of A549 cells mediated by blocking of the EGFR signaling pathway and activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and provides a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of 13-methyl-palmatrubine.
Do transgender men have equal access to health care and engagement in preventive health behaviors compared to cisgender adults?

ABSTRACT Using 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data, this study investigates whether transgender men have equal access to health care and engagement in preventive health behaviors compared to cisgender adults in the U.S. and whether race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and rural residence moderate these relationships. Once controlling for sociodemographic factors, we do not find differences for transgender men. Rural transgender men were less likely to have a personal doctor or receive a blood cholesterol screening than their urban peers; transgender men with less education were more likely to have a cholesterol screening. We detail implications for social workers within health care.
Resilient Workflows for Cooperative Design Application of Distributed High-Performance Scientific Computing

This paper describes an approach to extend process modeling for engineering design applications with fault-tolerance and resilience capabilities. It is based on the requirements for application-level error handling, which is a requirement for petascale and exascale scientific computing. This complements the traditional fault-tolerance management features provided by the existing hardware and distributed systems. These are often based on data and operations duplication and migration, and on checkpoint-restart procedures. We show how they can be optimized for high-performance infrastructures. This approach is applied on a prototype tested against industrial testcases for optimization of engineering design artifacts.his electronic document is a "live" template. The various components of your paper (title, text, heads, etc.) are already defined on the style sheet, as illustrated by the portions given in this document.
Effects of Growth Hormone Gene Polymorphism on Lipogenic Gene Expression Levels in Diaphragm Tissues of Japanese Black Heifers

Two SNPs, i.e. L127V and T172M, of bovine growth hormone (GH) causing the presence of GH gene haplotypes A, B, and C was previously shown to alter intramuscular fatty acid (FA) composition in Japanese Black (JB) heifers. To determine the SNP effect on somatotropic hormone concentration and lipogenesis, we measured plasma GH, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations. We also measured mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD), and sterol regulatory element binding proteins-1 (SREBP-1) and FA composition in diaphragm tissues. Heifers with genotype CC had the lowest plasma insulin concentration and FASN and SCD mRNA levels among genotypes. FASN mRNA levels in haplotype A tended to positively correlate with saturated FA (SFA) content and negatively correlated with C18:2 and unsaturated FA (USFA) contents. SCD mRNA levels in haplotype A positively correlated with monounsaturated FA (MUFA) contents and negatively correlated with C18:0 content. They also tended to positively correlate with C16:1, C18:1, and USFA contents and USFA/SFA ratio and negatively correlate with SFA content. Taken together, GH gene polymorphism affects the lipogenic genes expression levels and their relationships with fatty acid compositions in diaphragm tissues of JB heifers at 31 months of age.
APPLICATION OF CHLORITE COMPOSITIONAL GEOTHERMOMETRES TO HYDROTHERMAL VEINS IN THE VARISCAN FLYSCH SEQUENCES OF THE NÍZKÝ JESENÍK UPLAND, TO ALPINE-TYPE VEINS IN THE

Chlorites from (1) hydrothermal veins composed of quartz and/or carbonate that cross-cut unmetamorphosed to epizonally metamorphosed Variscan flysch sequences in the Nízký Jeseník Upland, (2) Alpine-type veins in amphibolites and gneisses of the Sobotín region, and (3) pegmatites of the Žulová massif and Strzegom-Sobótka massif were studied by chemical methods to elucidate the conditions of their formation. All analyzed chlorites belong to the clinochlore-chamosite solid solution series. Six various geothermometers were applied which are based on the number of octahedral vacancies, the number of tetrahedral Al and the value Fe/(Fe+Mg). Geothermometers of Cathelineau & Nieva (1985), Kranidiotis & MacLean (1987), and Zang & Fyfe (1995) yielded temperatures of formation of the chlorites that range from 167 to 300 °C (chlorites of Group 1), from 161 to 298 °C (Group 2) and from 164 to 308 °C (Group 3).
Welfare Incentives and Interstate Migration: An Analysis of the Migration Decisions of Poor, Single Mothers

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of welfare incentives in the decision to move for poor, single mothers. Using micro-level data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and other sources, I develop an econometric model that estimates the influence of state welfare benefits on the interstate migration decisions of poor, single mothers, whether that be moving from states with low benefits or to states with high benefits. This study builds upon previous literature concerning interstate migration by considering new methodological approaches and theoretical models. Ultimately, the evidence suggests that while the welfare benefits offered at the current state of residence and those at potential states of residence influence the migration decisions of poor, single mothers, the effects are modest.
Research and development of the social robot using speech recognition and image sensing technology

In recent years, there are many studies being performed in order to solve the problem of social robot, it is predicted that social robot will co-exist with people to expand the robot market in the future. The user-friendly robot which would be able to express emotion recognize and facial expression by the image sensing technology. The robot has much added value functions, i.e. conversation, facial recognition, facial expression recognition and emotion. By utilizing these functions of the robot, the communication becomes convenient between human and robot.
The Robust Classification for Large Data ( Case : Classification of Jakarta Vegetation area by Using Remote Sensing Data )

an interaction between incident radiation and the targets of interest. The classification process is guided in two steps; training and classification steps. The training step is done to know the reference spectral of vegetation area, and the classification step is carried out to clasify the Jakarta area into the vegetation and the non vegetation area. The hole process of classification is not simple. The main problem is noise. The claud covering area is considered as noise. The classification of large data with noise needs the efficient and effective approach. The aim of the paper is to propose a new robust approach , the Modified MVV, to classify the vegetation area of Jakarta. The Modified MVV is the modified data subset having minimum of a square of length of a parallelotope diagonal. The good properties of Modified MVV are the consistent estimator and the more efficient computational time than is of MVV.
An efficient video copy detection method based on video signature

With the rapid increasing popularity of web video, video copy detection (VCD) has become a hot research field in content-based video retrieval. Many efforts have been carried out to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of copy detection. In order to solve two challenging problems: video feature extraction and fast search in large database, a novel efficient video copy detection approach was proposed in this paper. A compact video signature was computed based on spatial-temporal features of video sequences. The video similarity is measured by the distance of video signature. For the scalable computing requirement, a new search method via clustering index table was presented by index clustering. The experimental results from query tests in large database show this method is efficient with high recall and precision rate.
Pregnancy-associated breast cancer is as chemosensitive as non-pregnancy-associated breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the chemosensitivity of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) in the neoadjuvant setting by comparing the observed pathological complete response (pCR) rate with the rate predicted by a validated nomogram. METHODS Data from 48 PABC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) were collected. To predict the response rate to chemotherapy, we used well-calibrated logistic regression-based nomograms to calculate individual probability of pCR. RESULTS Observed rates of pCR were concordant with predictions in the whole sample and in the analyzed subgroups. For the whole sample, the area under the receiver-operated curve (AUC) was 0.77 (95% CI 0.66-0.87). The calibration of predicted and observed probabilities was excellent. In the subgroup analyses (NACT initiated during pregnancy or postpartum, NACT with only anthracycline or both anthracycline and taxanes), discriminations assessed by AUC were significantly above 0.5, except for patients treated with anthracycline only. The interpretation was limited by a lack of power. CONCLUSION Through the use of nomograms, our study demonstrates that PABC is as chemosensitive as non-PABC and suggests that taxanes should be part of the NACT regimen for PABC. Further studies are warranted to increase the power of the presented data.
Increasing Performance of ext3 with USB Flash Drives

There has been a mass movement in operating systems to Journaling File Systems, such as ext3 and NTFS. Journaling File Systems implement a journal, which stores information on how to update files in the system to make them consistent. Sometimes the journal also stores data before it is written to the main part of the file system. Journaling File Systems such as ext3 originally kept the journal at the beginning of the disk and stored the data of the file system in the rest of the disk. This actually had negative effects on possible performance because of the need to seek to the beginning of the disk to write the journal, then seeking to the rest of the disk to write the data [5]. With the introduction of flash memory, a cheap and non-volatile memory storage that is faster than traditional drives, it raises the question as to whether journaling would perform better using flash drives to store the journal rather than storing it on disk. This offers another layer in the memory hierarchy, slower than RAM, but that does not require the seek time of traditional disks. This should increase the performance of ext3 and other Journaling systems by reducing the seeks required to store the journal as well as the data.
Predicting and classifying short non-coding RNAs using a multiclass evolutionary methodology

High throughput sequencing technologies alongside with advanced bioinformatics methods have uncovered a vast number of short non-coding RNAs. They are split in various categories based on their cellular functionality and their sequential, thermodynamic and structural properties. Existing computational methods emphasize on the prediction of only one type of non-coding RNAs and thus their applicability in full transcriptome studies is limited. Only a few methods so far have been proposed for predicting multiple short non-coding RNAs and they do not cover the most significant classes of them. In the present paper, we introduce a new multiclass method based on the combination of genetic algorithms and support vector machines which is able to distinguish among tRNAs, miRNAs, snoRNAs, rRNAs and other RNA sequences with accuracy over 93%. Finally, the advanced feature selection mechanism of the proposed method uncovers significant characteristics for each one of the studied short non-coding RNAs.
The repeatability of code defect classifications

Counts of defects found during the various defect defection activities in software projects and their classification provide a basis for product quality evaluation and process improvement. However, since defect classifications are subjective, it is necessary to ensure that they are repeatable (i.e., that the classification is not dependent on the individual). We evaluate a slight adaptation of a commonly used defect classification scheme that has been applied in IBM's Orthogonal Defect Classification work, and in the SEI's Personal Software Process. The evaluation utilizes the Kappa statistic. We use defect data from code inspections conducted during a development project. Our results indicate that the classification scheme is in general repeatable. We further evaluate classes of defects to find out if confusion between some categories is more common, and suggest a potential improvement to the scheme.
Increasing the effectiveness of teleconferencing through graphic meeting recording

Visual Telefacilitation combines three ideas: first, there is the idea of a facilitator, a person whose explicit social role is to help the group process. Next the visual element is added, an explicit text-graphic record of the meeting generated in real time by the facilitator to help the task group keep track of the discussion content. And then, finally, the visual facilitation technique is applied to distributed groups engaged in teleconferencing. Taken all together, the result is Visual Telefacilitation, or VTF for short.
Pineal clock gene oscillation is disturbed in Alzheimer's disease, due to functional disconnection from the “master clock”

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the “master clock” of the mammalian brain. It coordinates the peripheral clocks in the body, including the pineal clock that receives SCN input via a multisynaptic noradrenergic pathway. Rhythmic pineal melatonin production is disrupted in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we show that the clock genes hBmal1, hCry1, and hPer1 were rhythmically expressed in the pineal of controls (Braak 0). Moreover, hPer1 and hβ1‐adrenergic receptor (hβ1‐ADR) mRNA were positively correlated and showed a similar daily pattern. In contrast, in both preclinical (Braak I‐II) and clinical AD patients (Braak V‐VI), the rhythmic expression of clock genes was lost as well as the correlation between hPer1 and hβ1‐ADR mRNA. Intriguingly, hCry1 mRNA was increased in clinical AD. These changes are probably due to a disruption of the SCN control, as they were mirrored in the rat pineal deprived of SCN control. Indeed, a functional disruption of the SCN was observed from the earliest AD stages onward, as shown by decreased vasopressin mRNA, a clock‐controlled major output of the SCN. Thus, a functional disconnection between the SCN and the pineal from the earliest AD stage onward could account for the pineal clock gene changes and underlie the circadian rhythm disturbances in AD. —Wu, Y‐H. , Fischer, D. F. , Kalsbeek, A. , Garidou‐Boof, M‐L. , van der Vliet, J., van Heijningen, C. , Liu, R‐Y. , Zhou, J‐N. , Swaab, D. F. Pineal clock gene oscillation is disturbed in Alzheimer's disease, due to functional disconnection from the “master clock. ” FASEB J. 20, E1171–E1180 (2006)
Design and implementation for literature search and impact-based summaries

Based on the PARADISE 1 (Platform for Applying, Researching and Developing Intelligent Search Engine), we construct a literature search engine with a collection of papers in computer network area. Besides retrieval, the system also provides comments and impact-based summaries of a paper. The comments are extracted from the citing papers and the summary is obtained from the paper sentences impacting on the citing papers. The functions give users a comprehensive knowledge about the paper they want. We first illustrate how to get candidate comment sentences from the citing papers and generate the citation contexts. Then a KL-divergence-based model is introduced to score the similarity between the sentences in the original paper and the citation contexts. The higher the score is, the more likely academic impact the sentence has. The top rank sentences are combined together as the paper's summary. The comment sentences are also selected for users to compare the details of related paper work. The experiment exposes the effect of the proposed implementation.
Geometric methods for wavelet-based image compression

Natural images can be viewed as combinations of smooth regions, textures, and geometry. Wavelet-based image coders, such as the space-frequency quantization (SFQ) algorithm, provide reasonably efficient representations for smooth regions (using zerotrees, for example) and textures (using scalar quantization) but do not properly exploit the geometric regularity imposed on wavelet coefficients by features such as edges. In this paper, we develop a representation for wavelet coefficients in geometric regions based on the wedgelet dictionary, a collection of geometric atoms that construct piecewise-linear approximations to contours. Our wedgeprint representation implicitly models the coherency among geometric wavelet coefficients. We demonstrate that a simple compression algorithm combining wedgeprints with zerotrees and scalar quantization can achieve near-optimal rate-distortion performance D(R) ~ (log R)2/R2 for the class of piecewise-smooth images containing smooth C2 regions separated by smooth C2 discontinuities. Finally, we extend this simple algorithm and propose a complete compression framework for natural images using a rate-distortion criterion to balance the three representations. Our Wedgelet-SFQ (WSFQ) coder outperforms SFQ in terms of visual quality and mean-square error.
Consistency of Bayes factor for nonnested model selection when the model dimension grows

Zellner's $g$-prior is a popular prior choice for the model selection problems in the context of normal regression models. Wang and Sun [J. Statist. Plann. Inference 147 (2014) 95-105] recently adopt this prior and put a special hyper-prior for $g$, which results in a closed-form expression of Bayes factor for nested linear model comparisons. They have shown that under very general conditions, the Bayes factor is consistent when two competing models are of order $O(n^{\tau})$ for $\tau <1$ and for $\tau=1$ is almost consistent except a small inconsistency region around the null hypothesis. In this paper, we study Bayes factor consistency for nonnested linear models with a growing number of parameters. Some of the proposed results generalize the ones of the Bayes factor for the case of nested linear models. Specifically, we compare the asymptotic behaviors between the proposed Bayes factor and the intrinsic Bayes factor in the literature.