Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Cancer Effect of IN-2001 in MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer

In recent years, inhibition of HDACs has emerged as a potential strategy to reverse aberrant epigenetic changes associated with cancer, and several classes of HDAC inhibitors have been found to have potent and specific anticancer activities in preclinical studies. But their precise mechanism of action has not been elucidated. In this study, a novel synthetic inhibitor of HDAC, 3-(4-dimethylamino phenyl)-N-hydroxy-2-propenamide [IN-2001] was examined for its antitumor activity and the underlying molecular mechanisms of any such activity on human breast cancer cell lines. IN-2001 effectively inhibited cellular HDAC activity (IC50 = 0.585 nM) in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. IN-2001 caused a significant dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation in estrogen receptor (ER) negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that the gowth inhibitory effects of IN-2001 might be attributed to cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 and/or G2/Mphase and subsequent apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. These events are accompanied by modulating several cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory genes such as CDK inhibitors p21WAF1 and p27KIP1 cyclin D1, and other tumor suppressor genes such as cyclin D2. Collectively, IN-2001 inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells and these findings may provide new therapeutic approaches, combination of antiestrogen together with a HDAC inhibitor, in the hormonal therapy-resistant ER-negative breast cancers. In summary, our data suggest that this histone deacetylase inhibitor, IN-2001, is a novel promising therapeutic agent with potent antitumor effects against human breast cancers.
Beyond GORDIAN and Kraftwerk: EDA Research at TUM

At the Institute for Electronic Design Automation of Technische Universität München (TUM), founded in 1975 by Prof. Kurt Antreich as Germany's first university institute dedicated to EDA, a broad range of research has been performed in the past 40 years. We describe here the research activities that Prof. Antreich undertook in addition to his research on physical design, as well as the physical design research undertaken in the past decade after his official retirement.
Navigability of interconnected networks under random failures

Significance Network theory has been exploited in the last decades to deepen our comprehension of complex systems. However, real-world complex systems exhibit multiple levels of relationships and require modeling by interconnected networks, characterizing interactions on several levels simultaneously. Questions such as “what is the efficiency of exploration of a city using the multiple transportation layers, like subway and bus? ” and “what is its resilience to failures? ” have to be answered using the multiplex framework. Here, we introduce fundamental mechanisms to perform such exploration, using random walks on multilayer networks, and we show how the topological structure, together with the navigation strategy, influences the efficiency in exploring the whole structure. Assessing the navigability of interconnected networks (transporting information, people, or goods) under eventual random failures is of utmost importance to design and protect critical infrastructures. Random walks are a good proxy to determine this navigability, specifically the coverage time of random walks, which is a measure of the dynamical functionality of the network. Here, we introduce the theoretical tools required to describe random walks in interconnected networks accounting for structure and dynamics inherent to real systems. We develop an analytical approach for the covering time of random walks in interconnected networks and compare it with extensive Monte Carlo simulations. Generally speaking, interconnected networks are more resilient to random failures than their individual layers per se, and we are able to quantify this effect. As an application––which we illustrate by considering the public transport of London––we show how the efficiency in exploring the multiplex critically depends on layers’ topology, interconnection strengths, and walk strategy. Our findings are corroborated by data-driven simulations, where the empirical distribution of check-ins and checks-out is considered and passengers travel along fastest paths in a network affected by real disruptions. These findings are fundamental for further development of searching and navigability strategies in real interconnected systems.
Rapid Isolation of Staphylococcus aureus Pathogens from Infected Clinical Samples Using Magnetic Beads Coated with Fc-Mannose Binding Lectin

Here we describe how Staphylococcus aureus bacteria can be rapidly isolated from clinical samples of articular fluid and synovial tissue using magnetic beads coated with the engineered chimeric human opsonin protein, Fc-mannose-binding lectin (FcMBL). The FcMBL-beads were used to capture and magnetically remove bacteria from purified cultures of 12 S. aureus strains, and from 8 articular fluid samples and 4 synovial tissue samples collected from patients with osteoarthritis or periprosthetic infections previously documented by positive S. aureus cultures. While the capture efficiency was high (85%) with purified S. aureus strains grown in vitro, direct FcMBL-bead capture from the clinical samples was initially disappointing (< 5% efficiency). Further analysis revealed that inhibition of FcMBL binding was due to coating of the bacteria by immunoglobulins and immune cells that masked FcMBL binding sites, and to the high viscosity of these complex biological samples. Importantly, capture of pathogens using the FcMBL-beads was increased to 76% efficiency by pretreating clinical specimens with hypotonic washes, hyaluronidase and a protease cocktail. Using this approach, S. aureus bacteria could be isolated from infected osteoarthritic tissues within 2 hours after sample collection. This FcMBL-enabled magnetic method for rapid capture and concentration of pathogens from clinical samples could be integrated upstream of current processes used in clinical microbiology laboratories to identify pathogens and perform antibiotic sensitivity testing when bacterial culture is not possible or before colonies can be detected.
Policy Challenges in a Dual Exchange Rate Regime

It is known that the effectiveness of macro policies depends on the exchange-rate regime. Pertinent models have typically considered either fixed or floating rates rather than mixed regimes. In recent years, however, the dollar has floated against most currencies, while being fixed against the yuan. This paper argues that a flex-price, dual-rate model consisting of the U.S., China and the Eurozone, combined with distinct adjustment patterns in tradables and nontradables sectors and a tendency for policy makers to treat inflation in housing as pure asset inflation, provides a plausible explanation of the great moderation and its aftermath.
Where does the carbon go? A model–data intercomparison of vegetation carbon allocation and turnover processes at two temperate forest free-air CO2 enrichment sites

Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) has the potential to increase vegetation carbon storage if increased net primary production causes increased long-lived biomass. Model predictions of eCO2 effects on vegetation carbon storage depend on how allocation and turnover processes are represented. We used data from two temperate forest free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments to evaluate representations of allocation and turnover in 11 ecosystem models. Observed eCO2 effects on allocation were dynamic. Allocation schemes based on functional relationships among biomass fractions that vary with resource availability were best able to capture the general features of the observations. Allocation schemes based on constant fractions or resource limitations performed less well, with some models having unintended outcomes. Few models represent turnover processes mechanistically and there was wide variation in predictions of tissue lifespan. Consequently, models did not perform well at predicting eCO2 effects on vegetation carbon storage. Our recommendations to reduce uncertainty include: use of allocation schemes constrained by biomass fractions; careful testing of allocation schemes; and synthesis of allocation and turnover data in terms of model parameters. Data from intensively studied ecosystem manipulation experiments are invaluable for constraining models and we recommend that such experiments should attempt to fully quantify carbon, water and nutrient budgets.
Evidence for increased collagenolysis by interstitial collagenases-1 and -3 in vulnerable human atheromatous plaques.

BACKGROUND Several recent studies attempted to classify plaques as those prone to cause clinical manifestations (vulnerable, atheromatous plaques) or those less frequently associated with acute thrombotic complication (stable, fibrous plaques). Defining the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie these morphological features remains a challenge. Because interstitial forms of collagen determine the biomechanical strength of the atherosclerotic lesion, this study investigated expression of the collagen-degrading matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) interstitial collagenase-3 (MMP-13) and the previously studied MMP-1 in human atheroma and used a novel technique to test the hypothesis that collagenolysis in atheromatous lesions exceeds that in fibrous human atherosclerotic lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS Human carotid atherosclerotic plaques, similar in size, were separated by conventional morphological characteristics into fibrous (n=10) and atheromatous (n=10) lesions. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis demonstrated increased levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 in atheromatous versus fibrous plaques. In addition, collagenase-cleaved type I collagen, demonstrated by a novel cleavage-specific antibody, colocalized with MMP-1- and MMP-13-positive macrophages. Macrophages, rather than endothelial or smooth muscle cells, expressed MMP-13 and MMP-1 on stimulation in vitro. Furthermore, Western blot analysis demonstrated loss of interstitial collagen type I and increased collagenolysis in atheromatous versus fibrous lesions. Finally, atheromatous plaques contained higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines, activators of MMPs. CONCLUSIONS This report demonstrates that atheromatous rather than fibrous plaques might be prone to rupture due to increased collagenolysis associated with macrophages, probably mediated by the interstitial collagenases MMP-1 and MMP-13.
Combined Periodontal, Orthodontic, and Prosthetic Treatment in an Adult Patient

A 41-year-old man had a significant loss of bone and supporting tissues with pathologic migration of several teeth and several missing teeth. He was treated with an interdisciplinary therapeutic protocol that included nonsurgical periodontal therapy based on strict control of supragingival plaque, subgingival periodontal therapy, orthodontic and endodontic treatment, and replacement of restorations. The orthodontic therapy was performed in a severely reduced bone support and the presence of pathological tooth migration after periodontal disease control. The interdisciplinary treatment protocol was the key to achieve a significant improvement in his facial and dental esthetics, masticatory function, and quality of life.
Efficient Implementation of Nonparallel Hyperplanes Classifier

In this paper, we proposed a novel nonparallel hyper planes classifier for binary classification, termed as NHC. Though this method can be in fact proved equivalent to an improved twin support vector machine (TWSVM), it has the incomparable advantages than existing TWSVMs. First, the optimization problems in NHC can be solved efficiently by successive over relaxation (SOR) without needing to compute the large inverse matrices before training as TWSVMs usually do, Second, kernel trick can be applied directly to NHC, which is superior to existing TWSVMs. Experimental results on lots of data sets show the efficiency of our method in both computation time and classification accuracy.
Identification of Deceptive Reviews by Sentimental Analysis and Characteristics of Reviewers

The purchase decisions of customers are influenced by the relevant reviews made by customers. Deceptive reviews are confusing and hard to detect. The existing identification method of deceptive reviews is based on the traditional algorithm of machine learning. However, the methods used to identify deceptive reviews must be improved. In order to improve the accuracy of the identification of deceptive reviews, a novel method integrating sentimental analysis and the characteristics of reviewers was proposed in this study. On the basis of the analysis of the emotional characteristics of the review texts and the behavioural characteristics of the reviewers, a method of deceptive review identification was established. The proposed method analyzed the intensity of emotions, the text similarity, the largest daily publishing comment index, and the extreme rating index on the basis of the feature-weighted model. This model verified the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that a direct correlation exists between the unreliability score of users and deceptive review identification. If the score exceeds 0.78, then the reviewer is deemed to be a deceptive reviewer, and the reviews made are deceptive reviews. The proposed method provides a good prospect to identify deceptive reviews.
The University of Western Australia , Australia Ontology Learning and Knowledge Discovery Using the Web : Challenges and Recent Advances

As the Gene Ontology (GO) plays more and more important roles in bioinformatics research, there has been great interest in developing objective and accurate methods for calculating semantic similarity between GO terms. In this chapter, the authors first introduce the basic concepts related to the GO and then briefly review the current advances and challenges in the development of methods for calculating semantic similarity between GO terms. Then, the authors introduce a semantic similarity method that does not rely on external data sources. Using this method as an example, the authors show how different properties of the GO can be explored to calculate semantic similarities between pairs of GO terms. The authors conclude the chapter by presenting some thoughts on the directions for future research in this field. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60960-625-1.ch009
Developing effective computer systems supporting knowledge-intensive work: situated design in a large paper mill

The case to be discussed is a joint project between the university of Zurich and “Swiss Paper”, a large paper mill in Switzerland. The paper mill had recently undergone deep structural changes after an investigation of by of the world’s leading management consulting companies. Our project is mainly concerned with support of energy management by means of computer technology. There were essentially three goals. The first one was to minimize energy consumption while keeping it at a constant level. The second goal was the exploration of a scientific hypothesis, namely that expert behavior cannot be adequately explained in terms of “information processing,” but is more adequately seen as “situated action. ” The latter emphasizes the actual organizational and social circumstances. The objective of Situated Design— a particular project methodology that we have been developing in our group at the university over the last few years—is to support “situated action” by means of computer technology, rather than to formalize human expertise. Applying and refining this methodology is the third major goal of the project. In this paper we will discuss our experiences with Situated Design at Swiss Paper. The software industry’s biggest problems are well known projects arriving late, over budget or not delivering what is needed. We will argue that one of the main problems is a misconception of human cognition and behavior. We claim that this misconception is at the source of the problems of software development in general. We suggest an alternative approach which has grown out of our experience with many projects in the area of ‘work place design by means of computer technology. ’ One of the underlying assumptions that we will discuss in the paper is that the goal of software engineering is support rather than automation. Thus, we do not intend to develop software packages IDEA GROUP PUBLISHING
Please Scroll down for Article Scandinavian Actuarial Journal on the Ordering of Ruin Probabilities for the Surplus Process Perturbed by Diffusion on the Ordering of Ruin Probabilities for the Surplus Process Perturbed by Diffusion

This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. In this paper, we study orders of pairs of ruin probabilities resulting from two individual claim size random variables for corresponding continuous time surplus processes perturbed by diffusion with different premium rates, relative security loadings, and variance parameters of the diffusion processes. We show that high frequency and low severity risks yield smaller ruin probabilities than low frequency and high severity risks. These ordering relationships can also be used to obtain upper and/or lower bounds on ruin probabilities. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the results of the theorems.
Correction: Genomic Comparison of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella enterica Serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Heidelberg, Hadar and Kentucky Isolates from Broiler Chickens

1 Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada, 2 Pacific Agri-Food Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Agassiz, British Columbia, V0M 1A0, Canada, 3 McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1A4, Canada, 4 Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1E2, Canada, 5 Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, AAFC, London, Ontario, N5V 4T3, Canada
A case-based reasoning approach to urban intersection control

An intersection control approach based on case-based reasoning (CBR) is put forward in this paper. CBR solves new problem by reusing solution of similar old problem. The strength of CBR lies in its ability to simulate the decision-making process of a human. Case structure is presented and decision tree is used to organize the cases. The most similar case is obtained using the nearest neighbor algorithm. A simulation study is conducted on an intersection and numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Effect of prolonged methylprednisolone therapy in unresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT No pharmacological therapeutic protocol has been found effective in modifying the clinical course of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and mortality remains greater than 50%. OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of prolonged methylprednisolone therapy on lung function and mortality in patients with unresolving ARDS. DESIGN Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING Medical intensive care units of 4 medical centers. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-four patients with severe ARDS who had failed to improve lung injury score (LIS) by the seventh day of respiratory failure. INTERVENTIONS Sixteen patients received methylprednisolone and 8 received placebo. Methylprednisolone dose was initially 2 mg/kg per day and the duration of treatment was 32 days. Four patients whose LIS failed to improve by at least 1 point after 10 days of treatment were blindly crossed over to the alternative treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measures were improvement in lung function and mortality. Secondary outcome measures were improvement in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and development of nosocomial infections. RESULTS Physiological characteristics at the onset of ARDS were similar in both groups. At study entry (day 9 [SD, 3] of ARDS), the 2 groups had similar LIS, ratios of PaO2 to fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2), and MODS scores. Changes observed by study day 10 for methylprednisolone vs placebo were as follows: reduced LIS (mean [SEM], 1.7 [0.1] vs 3.0 [0.2]; P<.001); improved ratio of PaO2 to FIO2 (mean [SEM], 262 [19] vs 148 [35]; P<.001); decreased MODS score (mean [SEM], 0.7 [0.2] vs 1.8 [0.3]; P<.001); and successful extubation (7 vs 0; P=.05). For the treatment group vs the placebo group, mortality associated with the intensive care unit was 0 (0%) of 16 vs 5 (62%) of 8 (P=.002) and hospital-associated mortality was 2 (12%) of 16 vs 5 (62%) of 8 (P=.03). The rate of infections per day of treatment was similar in both groups, and pneumonia was frequently detected in the absence of fever. CONCLUSIONS In this study, prolonged administration of methylprednisolone in patients with unresolving ARDS was associated with improvement in lung injury and MODS scores and reduced mortality.
Tractable Refinement Checking for Concurrent Objects

Efficient implementations of concurrent objects such as semaphores, locks, and atomic collections are essential to modern computing. Yet programming such objects is error prone: in minimizing the synchronization overhead between concurrent object invocations, one risks the conformance to reference implementations --- or in formal terms, one risks violating observational refinement. Testing this refinement even within a single execution is intractable, limiting existing approaches to executions with very few object invocations. We develop a polynomial-time (per execution) approximation to refinement checking. The approximation is parameterized by an accuracy k∈N representing the degree to which refinement violations are visible. In principle, more violations are detectable as k increases, and in the limit, all are detectable. Our insight for this approximation arises from foundational properties on the partial orders characterizing the happens-before relations between object invocations: they are interval orders, with a well defined measure of complexity, i.e., their length. Approximating the happens-before relation with a possibly-weaker interval order of bounded length can be efficiently implemented by maintaining a bounded number of integer counters. In practice, we find that refinement violations can be detected with very small values of k, and that our approach scales far beyond existing refinement-checking approaches.