Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Basal‐like mammary carcinomas stimulate cancer stem cell properties through AXL‐signaling to induce chemotherapy resistance

Basal‐like breast cancer (BLBC) is the most aggressive and heterogeneous breast cancer (BC) subtype. Conventional chemotherapies represent next to surgery the most frequently employed treatment options. Unfortunately, resistant tumor phenotypes often develop, resulting in therapeutic failure. To identify the early events occurring upon the first drug application and initiating chemotherapy resistance in BLBC, we leveraged the WAP‐T syngeneic mammary carcinoma mouse model and we developed a strategy combining magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS)‐based tumor cell enrichment with high‐throughput transcriptome analyses. We discovered that chemotherapy induced a massive gene expression reprogramming toward stemness acquisition to tolerate and survive the cytotoxic treatment in vitro and in vivo. Retransplantation experiments revealed that one single cycle of cytotoxic drug combination therapy (Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin and 5‐Fluorouracil) suffices to induce resistant tumor cell phenotypes in vivo. We identified Axl and its ligand Pros1 as highly induced genes driving cancer stem cell (CSC) properties upon chemotherapy in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, from our analysis of BLBC patient datasets, we found that AXL expression is also strongly correlated with CSC‐gene signatures, a poor response to conventional therapies and worse survival outcomes in those patients. Finally, we demonstrate that AXL inhibition sensitized BLBC‐cells to cytotoxic treatment in vitro. Together, our data support AXL as a promising therapeutic target to optimize the efficiency of conventional cytotoxic therapies in BLBC.
Efficacy of ultrasound-guided acupotomy for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided acupotomy (UGAT) therapy in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: We conducted online researches in the databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China national knowledge infrastructure, China biomedical literature database, and Wan Fang data. All data were collected until January 1, 2022. Relevant randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of UGAT for the treatment of KOA were included. Meta-analyses were carried out by RevMan 5.3 software. Evidence quality was evaluated by the grading of recommendations, assessment development, and evaluation. Results: Eight studies including 543 participants were analyzed in this study. The pooled analysis indicated that UGAT was significantly more efficient than the control group in decreasing the visual analogue scale score (mean difference = −0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [−1.15, −0.47], P < . 00001, 8 studies), improving knee function on the Lysholm knee score (mean difference = 8.26, 95% CI = [1.56, 14.97], P = .02, 2 studies), and increasing clinical effective rate (relative risk = 1.14, 95% CI = [1.06, 1.23], P = .0005, 6 studies). For adverse events, UGAT was also associated with lower incidence of adverse event (odds ratio = 0.27, 95% CI = [0.12, 0.63], P = .002, 4 studies) compared to traditional acupotomy. Conclusion: Current evidence suggested that UGAT therapy was effective and safe in the clinical treatments of KOA, thus could be suggested in the clinical managements of KOA. However, considering the unsatisfactory quality of the available trials, more large-scale, and better quality randomized controlled trials were recommend in future.
Wechsler memory scale-fourth edition (WMS-IV) in the neuropsychological evaluation of patients diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease.

There is a scarcity of research concerning Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition (WMS-IV) findings in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We provide information, beyond that in the test manual, concerning the power of the scale to detect AD-associated memory deficits. Participants were 87 individuals with diagnoses made according to criteria specified in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5): 31 probable neurocognitive disorders due to AD and 33 patients with depression. Twenty-three elderly controls were also studied. The depressed and control participants had similar demographics as well as test scores and therefore were blended into a single control group (n = 56). AD patients were significantly impaired on the four WMS-IV indexes relative to controls, and the index pattern of performance differed across groups. Delayed Memory Index was a significant weakness in AD, whereas the Visual Memory Index was the lowest mean for controls. Sensitivity, specificity, hit rate, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were strong to excellent for each index when a cutoff of 1.5 SDs below the normative mean was used to separate ADs and controls. Receiver operating characteristics curve analyses yielded excellent area under the curve statistics that ranged from . 970 for the Visual Memory Index to . 999 for the Delayed Memory Index. A supplementary analysis yielded similar results when the AD group was divided into mild (n = 10) and major (n = 21) subgroups.
Media for erasable magnetooptic recording

Amorphous rare-earth-transition-metal alloys are considered as materials for magnetooptic information storage. They can be prepared by evaporation or sputtering on glass or polymer substrates. The alloys are ferrimagnets and exhibit a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The magnetic and magnetooptic properties can be well tailored by the composition as well as the deposition conditions. The information is stored by memory magnetic domains which can be written by a thermomagnetic switching process. The reading process utilizes the magnetooptic Kerr effect. In both cases the temperature profile of the saturation magnetization, the uniaxial anisotropy, and in particular the coercivity are of primary importance. At present, the most prominent candidates for device applications are GdTb-FeCo and Tb-FeCo alloys. Carrier-to-noise values up to 61 dB (30 kHz) have been achieved using magnetooptic disks. >
Voice conversion for enhancing various types of body‐conducted speech detected with non‐audible murmur microphone.

Our proposed statistical voice conversion approach to enhancing various types of body‐conducted speech detected with Non‐Audible Murmur (NAM) microphone is presented in this talk. NAM microphone, one of the body‐conductive microphones [Nakajima et al., IEICE Trans. Inf. and Syst. , E89‐D, 1–8 (2006)], enables us to detect various types of body‐conducted speech such as extremely soft whisper, normal speech, and so on. Moreover, it is robust against external noise due to its noise‐proof structure. To make speech communication more universal by effectively using these properties of NAM microphone, body‐conducted speech enhancement techniques have been developed with a state‐of‐the‐art statistical voice conversion algorithm [Toda et al., IEEE Trans. ASLP, 15, 2222–2235 (2007)]. The proposed techniques would bring a new paradigm to human‐to‐human speech communication: e.g., the use of body‐conducted voiced speech for noise robust speech communication, the use of body‐conducted unvoiced speech for silent speech .
Influence of temperature and illumination on the electrical properties of p-ZnTe/n-CdTe heterojunction grown by molecular beam epitaxy

A set of p-ZnTe/n-CdTe heterojunctions were grown on conducting GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The current density–voltage (J–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics measured in the temperature range 300–400 K were analysed in order to reveal the dominant carrier transport mechanisms through the junctions. The C–V measurements show that the device is linearly graded. The temperature dependence of the built-in potential and the impurity gradient of the device were determined. The deep defect states govern the current flow through the junctions. The measurements under the lower voltage region (V < 0.35 V) reveal at the p-ZnTe/n-CdTe interface, the presence of deep defect states with the activation energy of 0.52 eV. Under the higher forward bias voltage (V > 0.35 V), the space-charge-limited current governed the J–V characteristics with a single traps level, ΔEt = 0.55 eV. The p-ZnTe/n-CdTe device under different illumination intensities exhibit a significant photosensitivity proving that this kind of heterostructure can be regarded as a good candidate for photodiode applications.
Meta‐QTL analysis and in‐silico transcriptome assessment for controlling chlorophyll traits in common wheat

Chlorophyll is an important plant molecule for absorbing light and transferring electrons to produce energy for photosynthesis, which has a significant impact on crop yield. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling chlorophyll traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a comprehensive meta‐analysis of 411 original QTLs for six chlorophyll traits was performed, including the evolution of soil plant analysis development (SPAD), chlorophyll content index (CCI), chlorophyll a content (Chla), chlorophyll b content (Chlb), chlorophyll content (Chl), and ratio of chlorophyll a to b (Chla/b), derived from 41 independent experiments conducted over the past two decades. Fifty‐six consensus meta‐QTLs (MQTLs) were detected, unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3B, 3D, 4B, 4D, 5A, 5D, 6A, 6D, 7B, and 7D. The confidence interval (CI) of the identified MQTLs was 0.18 to 15.07 cM, with an average of 5.74 cM, and 3.17‐times narrower than that of the original QTLs. A total of 30 MQTLs were aligned with marker‐trait associations (MTAs) reported in genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) for chlorophyll traits in wheat. Based on MQTL‐flanking marker information and homology analyses combined with RNA‐seq data, 136 putative candidate genes were identified in MQTL regions, involved in porphyrin metabolism, photosynthesis, terpene biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and secondary metabolites. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of the genetic basis for controlling chlorophyll traits and can be used in breeding wheat with high photosynthetic efficiency.
Exploring the Correlations Between Measures of Listening Effort in Adults and Children: A Systematic Review with Narrative Synthesis

Listening effort (LE) describes the cognitive resources needed to process an auditory message. Our understanding of this notion remains in its infancy, hindering our ability to appreciate how it impacts individuals with hearing impairment effectively. Despite the myriad of proposed measurement tools, a validated method remains elusive. This is complicated by the seeming lack of association between tools demonstrated via correlational analyses. This review aims to systematically review the literature relating to the correlational analyses between different measures of LE. Five databases were used– PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and CINAHL. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE criteria and risk of bias with ROBINS-I/GRADE tools. Each statistically significant analysis was classified using an approved system for medical correlations. The final analyses included 48 papers, equating to 274 correlational analyses, of which 99 reached statistical significance (36.1%). Within these results, the most prevalent classifications were poor or fair. Moreover, when moderate or very strong correlations were observed, they tended to be dependent on experimental conditions. The quality of evidence was graded as very low. These results show that measures of LE are poorly correlated and supports the multi-dimensional concept of LE. The lack of association may be explained by considering where each measure operates along the effort perception pathway. Moreover, the fragility of significant correlations to specific conditions further diminishes the hope of finding an all-encompassing tool. Therefore, it may be prudent to focus on capturing the consequences of LE rather than the notion itself.
An enriched environment improves long-term functional outcomes in mice after intracerebral hemorrhage by mechanisms that involve the Nrf2/BDNF/glutaminase pathway

Post-stroke depression exacerbates neurologic deficits and quality of life. Depression after ischemic stroke is known to some extent. However, depression after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is relatively unknown. Increasing evidence shows that exposure to an enriched environment (EE) after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury has neuroprotective effects in animal models, but its impact after ICH is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of EE on long-term functional outcomes in mice subjected to collagenase-induced striatal ICH. Mice were subjected to ICH with the standard environment (SE) or ICH with EE for 6 h/day (8:00 am–2:00 pm). Depressive, anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive tests were evaluated on day 28 with the sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, forced swim test, light-dark transition experiment, morris water maze, and novel object recognition test. Exposure to EE improved neurologic function, attenuated depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, and promoted spatial learning and memory. These changes were associated with increased expression of transcription factor Nrf2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inhibited glutaminase activity in the perihematomal tissue. However, EE did not change the above behavioral outcomes in Nrf2−/− mice on day 28. Furthermore, exposure to EE did not increase BDNF expression compared to exposure to SE in Nrf2−/− mice on day 28 after ICH. These findings indicate that EE improves long-term outcomes in sensorimotor, emotional, and cognitive behavior after ICH and that the underlying mechanism involves the Nrf2/BDNF/glutaminase pathway.
One-Unit Osteotomy to Correct Deviated Bony Dorsum

Objectives. A crooked nose is frequently caused by nasal bony vault deviation, and proper management of the bony vault is an integral part of rhinoplasty. Conventional osteotomy to correct a deviated nose favors simultaneous medial and lateral osteotomies, which allows the free independent movement of each nasal bone. However, patient satisfaction with deviated nose surgery is sometimes low. In the present study, we introduce a one-unit osteotomy procedure that combines bilateral and root osteotomies with unilateral triangular bony wedge resection to allow symmetry of both nasal bones. Methods. Twenty consecutive patients who presented with bony vault deviation and underwent one-unit osteotomy were enrolled in this retrospective single-center study. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire was used to evaluate each patient’s functional outcome. The angle of bony vault deviation before and after one-unit osteotomy was measured using a protractor and compared with the results of 14 patients who had undergone conventional osteotomy. The improvement in dorsal deviation was evaluated using facial photography preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Results. NOSE values improved from 8.4±6.4 to 4.1±4.2 (P=0.021). The angle of bony vault deviation improved from 6.9°±2.2° to 2.1°±1.2° (P<0.001) in one-unit osteotomy and from 7.3°±4.0° to 2.7°±1.2° (P=0.001) in conventional osteotomy. The preoperative deviation angle improved by 70.3% in one-unit osteotomy compared with 56.6% in conventional osteotomy, which was a significant difference (P=0.033). The mean grade of the postoperative esthetic outcomes for the remaining deviation was 1.6±0.5, which was similar to that in the conventional osteotomy group. Conclusion. One-unit osteotomy is a relatively simple procedure that balances the width of both lateral walls by removing excessive bony fragments from the wider bony wall and providing better structural integrity. This technique improves functional outcomes and has equivalent esthetic results to those of the traditional procedure.
The efficacy of bone reconstructive therapies in the management of peri-implantitis. A systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIM To evaluate the efficacy of bone reconstructive procedures for the reduction of probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and suppuration (SOP) in peri-implantitis-related bone defects at ≥ 12-month follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three databases were searched for RCTs and CCTs that compared bone reconstructive therapies to access flap surgery (Focused Question - FQ 1) and RCTs, CCTs and prospective case series that assessed the efficacy of reconstructive therapies (FQ 2). Meta-analysis was performed for FQ1 when ≥3 studies were identified, while for FQ2 a network was drawn based on RCTs with common treatment arms. RESULTS Seven RCTs were identified for FQ1, while 5 RCTs and 6 prospective case series for FQ2. There was no significant difference in PPD change between access flap surgery and reconstructive surgery (-0.387; p=0.325) at 12 months. Furthermore, no clear differences in terms of PPD and BOP changes resulted from the different reconstructive therapies included in the network. Only a small percentage of treated cases with any modality achieved peri-implantitis resolution, as defined by different composite outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Reconstructive surgery does not offer significant improvements in peri-implant clinical parameters as compared to access flap surgery at 12-months. It was not possible to establish a hierarchy of efficacy amongst the different biomaterials employed for reconstructive surgery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Depletion of macrophages with clodronate liposomes partially attenuates renal fibrosis on AKI–CKD transition

Abstract Clodronate liposomes are bisphosphonates encapsulated by liposomes that are known to induce macrophage depletion in vivo. In a previous study, clodronate liposomes improved renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice, which may be due to effects on macrophage phenotypes. However, how inflammatory cytokines secretion participates is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of macrophages in the I/R kidney by depleting macrophages with clodronate liposomes and changing inflammatory cytokines. C57BL/6 mice underwent I/R injury with or without clodronate liposomes administration on Days 5 and 15. Tubular injury, collagen deposition, and fibrosis were detected and analyzed by histological staining, immunocytochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry (FACS), and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Inflammatory cytokines were detected and analyzed by Western blotting and RT–PCR. We found that clodronate liposomes alleviated renal fibrosis and tissue damage on both Days 5 and 15. KIM-1, IL-10, and TGF-β were reduced significantly in the clodronate liposomes treatment group. However, TNF-α was not different between the clodronate liposomes treatment group and the phosphate-buffered saline treatment group on either Day 5 or Day 15. Thus, clodronate liposomes can alleviate renal fibrosis and tissue damage and reduce the inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β, suggesting that clodronate liposomes alleviate renal fibrosis may because of M1/M2 polarization.
On the adoption of nonpharmaceutical interventions during the pandemic: An evolutionary game model

The adoption of behavioral nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) among the public is essential for tackling the COVID‐19 pandemic, yet presents challenges due to the complexity of human behaviors. A large body of literature has utilized classic game theory to investigate the population's decisions regarding the adoption of interventions, where the static solution concept such as the Nash equilibrium is studied. However, individual adoption behavior is not static, instead it is a dynamic process that involves the strategic interactions with other counterparts over time. The study of quantitatively analyzing the dynamics on precautionary behavior during an outbreak is rather scarce. This article fills the research gap by developing an evolutionary game‐theoretic framework to model the dynamics of population behavior on the adoption of NPI. We construct the two‐group asymmetric game, where behavioral change for each group is characterized by replicator equations. Sensitivity analyses are performed to examine the long‐term stability of equilibrium points with respect to perturbation of model parameters. We found that the limiting behavior of intervention adoption in the population consists of only pure strategies in a game setting, indicating that the evolutionary outcome is that everyone either takes up the preventive measure or not. We also applied the framework to examine the mask‐wearing behavior, and validated with actual data. Overall, this article provides insights into population dynamics on the adoption of intervention strategy during the outbreak, which can be beneficial for policy makers to better understand the evolutionary trajectory of population behavior.
A novel toxin–antitoxin system swpAB alters gene expression patterns and reduces virulence expression in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are found widely among many bacteria, including enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), but their functions are still poorly understood. In this study, we identified and characterized a novel TA system belonging to the relBE family, classified as a type II TA system, found in EHEC. The protein encoded by the toxin gene is homologous to RelE ribonuclease. Using various conditions for increasing the toxin activity, high‐level induction of a toxin gene, and repression of an antitoxin gene in wild‐type EHEC, we showed that the TA system, named swpAB (switching of gene expression profile), is involved in selective repression of a set of genes, including some virulence genes, and in the reduction of adherence capacity, rather than in suppression of bacterial growth. A detailed analysis of the profiles of RNA levels along sequences at 15 min after high expression of swpA revealed that two virulence genes, espA and tir, were direct targets of the SwpA toxin. These results suggested that the swpAB system can alter gene expression patterns and change bacterial physiological activity without affecting bacterial growth.
A New Satellite-Based Data Assimilation Algorithm to Determine Spatial and Temporal Variations of Soil Moisture and Temperature Profiles

This paper focuses on the development and application of a new One-Dimensional Variational (1DVAR) data assimilation algorithm for estimating the spatial and temporal variations of soil moisture and temperature profiles, by grid-based analysis using remote sensing and in situ observations. This algorithm employs a heuristic optimization approach, simulated annealing (SA), which is capable of minimizing the Variational cost function without using adjoint models. The present assimilation scheme assimilates passive microwave remote sensing observations of brightness temperature into the land surface scheme (LSS), Simple Biosphere Model2 (SiB2). The LSS is used as a model operator, and a Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) is used as an observational operator. The modeling system has been applied, and validated, using data from the GAME-Tibet (Global Energy and Water cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Asian Monsoon Experiment in Tibet) mesoscale field experiment. Compared to SiB2, our assimilation scheme solves the major initialization problem, and estimates the soil temperature and soil moisture at the surface layer and in the root zone with significant improvements.