Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Voltage controlled PFC Zeta converter based PMBLDCM drive for an air-conditioner

This paper presents a Zeta DC-DC converter as a power factor correction (PFC) converter which is operated in voltage control mode for speed control of a permanent magnet brushless DC motor (PMBLDCM). The proposed converter performs the PFC action and DC link voltage control in single stage and needs only one controller. The current multiplier approach with average current control is employed for PFC controller which is designed for continuous conduction mode (CCM) of operation. For the control of current and torque in the PMBLDCM, a rate limiter is designed in the reference voltage at DC link. Detailed design, modeling and performance of the proposed drive are presented for an air-conditioner driven by a PMBLDC motor of 0.817 kW, 1500 rpm rating. The designed PFC converter results in an improved power quality at AC mains in a wide range of motor speed and input AC voltage.
Agricultural Trade Costs: 1965-2010

International trade costs are known to be large but difficult to measure. Using a microfounded gravity equation based on the framework in Novy (2011), this study estimates an indirect measure of multilateral trade costs for tradable goods in agriculture. Using production and bilateral trade data along with plausible values of the elasticity of substitution, we find that median global agricultural trade costs were 285 percent in 1965, on an ad-valorem equivalent basis, before declining dramatically to a 118 percent ad-valorem equivalent in 2010. There is considerable variation in agricultural trade costs, bilaterally, and within various policy arrangements such as regional integration and the GATT/WTO. Statistical analysis of the determinants of agricultural trade costs largely confirms this variation: bilateral and regional free trade initiatives lower international trade costs by 36 percent on average, whereas GATT/WTO membership lowers trade costs by nearly 20 percent.
UBCLASSES OF THE S EPARABLE P ERMUTATIONS

The separable permutations are those that can be obtained from the trivial permutation by two operations called direct sum and skew sum. This class of permutations contains the class of stack sortable permutations, Avp231q, which are enumerated by the Catalan numbers. We prove that all subclasses of the separable permutations which do not contain Avp231q or a symmetry of this class have rational generating functions. Our principle tools include partial well-order (the lack of an infinite antichain), atomicity (the joint embedding property), and the theory of strongly rational permutation classes which is introduced here for the first time.
Blind SIMO channel identification using a sparsity criterion

In this paper, we are interested in blind identification of single-input multiple-output (SIMO) systems. Using the sparsity property of impulse response, we propose an iterative method which minimizes a cost function based on the lscrp norm. This norm is considered as a good sparsity measure. The simulations show that the proposed method outperforms existing techniques in terms of estimation error and robustness to channel order overestimation.
A rational model for Langmuir circulations

A realistic theoretical model of steady Langmuir circulations is constructed. Vorticity in the wind direction is generated by the Stokes drift of the gravity-wave field acting upon spanwise vorticity deriving from the wind-driven current. We believe that the steady Langmuir circulations represent a balance between this generating mechanism and turbulent dissipation. Nonlinear equations governing the motion are derived under fairly general conditions. Analytical and numerical solutions are sought for the case of a directional wave spectrum consisting of a single pair of gravity waves propagating at equal and opposite angles to the wind direction. Also, a statistical analysis, based on linearized equations, is developed for more general directional wave spectra. This yields an estimate of the average spacing of windrows associated with Langmuir circulations. The latter analysis is applied to a particular example with simple properties, and produces an expected windrow spacing of rather more than twice the length of the dominant gravity waves. The relevance of our model is assessed with reference to known observational features, and the evidence supporting its applicability is promising.
UNIVERSALITY OF THE THRESHOLD FOR COMPLETE CONSENSUS FOR THE OPINION DYNAMICS OF DEFFUANT et al

In the compromise model of Deffuant et al., opinions are real numbers between 0 and 1, and two agents are compatible if the difference of their opinions is smaller than the confidence bound parameter ∊. The opinions of a randomly chosen pair of compatible agents get closer to each other. We provide strong numerical evidence that the threshold value of ∊ above which all agents share the same opinion in the final configuration is 1/2, independently of the underlying social topology.
Efficient Visual Search: A Connectionist Solution 1

Searching for objects in scenes is a natural task for people and has been extensively studied by psychologists. In this paper we examine this task from a connectionist perspective. Computational complexity arguments suggest that parallel feed-forward networks cannot perform this task ef ficiently. One difficulty is that, in order to distinguish the tar get from distractors, a combination of features must be associated with a single object. Often called the binding problem, this requirement presents a serious hurdle for connectionist models of visual processing when multiple objects are present. Psychophysical experiments suggest that people use covert visual attention to get around this problem. In this paper we describe a psychologically plausible system which uses a focus of attention mechanism to locate target objects. A strategy that combines top-down and bottom-up information is used to minimize search time. The behavior of the resulting system matches the reaction time behavior of people in several interesting tasks.
Detecting Practical Speech Emotion in a Cognitive Task

In this paper we analysis the speech emotions related to cognitive process. An automatic system is established for detecting speech emotions including anxiety, hesitation, confidence and joy. In order to obtain a naturalistic database we use noise to induce negative emotions, sleep deprivation is also used for this purpose. The lack of sleep is an important cause for anxiety. Annotation of emotional speech is then done manually with a self evaluation for the felt emotions in each utterance. Acoustic features are extracted both for valence dimension and arousal dimension including voice quality features. For the recognition algorithm Gaussian Mixture Model is adopted for detecting each type of emotions from neutral speech. Based on the detection of each emotion in the continuous recognition of emotion states an error correcting method is proposed. With the previous emotion states and cognitive performance the detection errors in current emotion state is corrected with empirical probability. Experimental results show that our system can detect "practical" speech emotions related to cognitive process. With the proposed error correcting method the recognition performance is improved compared to the baseline system based on Gaussian Mixture Model. We believe the detection of these "practical" emotions is important for real world applications, especially for helping people cope with negative emotions in cognitive activities.
LIMPACT:A Hydraulically Powered Self-Aligning Upper Limb Exoskeleton

The LIMPACT is an exoskeleton developed to be used in identifying the reflex properties of the arm in stroke survivors. Information on joint reflexes helps in designing optimal patient specific therapy programs. The LIMPACT is dynamically transparent by combining a lightweight skeleton with high power to weight ratio actuators. The LIMPACT is supported by a passive weight balancing mechanism to compensate for the weight of the exoskeleton and the human arm. Various self-aligning mechanisms allow the human joint axes to align with the axes of the exoskeleton which ensure safety and short don/doff times. The torque-controlled motors have a maximum torque bandwidth of 97 Hz which is required for fast torque perturbations and smooth zero impedance control. The LIMPACT's weight is reduced five times as gravitational forces are lowered using a model-based gravity compensation algorithm. The impedance controller ensures tracking of a cycloidal joint angle reference. A cycloid with an amplitude of 1.3 rd and a maximum velocity of 6.5 rd/s has a maximum tracking error of only 7%. The LIMPACT fulfills the requirements to be used in future diagnostics measurements for stroke patients.
A new spatial-attribute weighting function for geographically weighted regression

In recent years, geographically weighted regression (GWR) has become popular for modeling spatial heterogeneity in a regression context. However, the current weighting function used in GWR only considers the geographical distances of trees in a stand, while the attributes (e.g., tree diameter) of the neighboring trees are totally ignored. In this study, we proposed a new weighting function that combines the "geographical space" and "attribute space" between the subject tree and its neighbors, such that (1) neighbors with greater geographical distances from the subject tree are assigned smaller weights, and (2) at a given geographical distance, neighboring trees with sizes that are similar to that of the subject tree are assigned larger weights. The results indicate that the GWR model with the new spatial-attribute weighting function performs better than the one with the spatial weighting function in terms of model residuals and predictions for different spatial patterns of tree locations.
Organogenesis and Ultrastructural Features of In Vitro Grown Canna indica L.

An efficient protocol for micropropagation of Canna indica L. , an economically and pharmaceutically important plant, was standardized using rhizome explants, excised from two-month-old aseptic seedlings. Complete plant regeneration was induced on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BAP plus 1.5 mg/L NAA, which produced the highest number of shoots (73.3 ± 0.5%) and roots (86.7 ± 0.4%) after 2 weeks. Furthermore, the optimum media for multiple shoots regeneration were recorded on MS enriched with 7.0 mg/L BAP (33.0 ± 0.5%). Plantlets obtained were transplanted to pots after two months and acclimatized in the greenhouse, with 75% survival. In addition, ultrastructural studies showed that rhizomes of in vitro grown specimens were underdeveloped compared to the in vivo specimens, possibly due to the presence of wide spaces. Meanwhile, the leaves of in vivo specimens had more open stomata compared to in vitro specimens, yet their paracytic stomata structures were similar. Hence, there were no abnormalities or major differences between in vitro regenerants and mother plants.
Diversity's Promise for Higher Education: Making It Work

Daryl G. Smith's career has been devoted to studying and fostering diversity in higher education. She has witnessed and encouraged the evolution of diversity from an issue addressed sporadically on college campuses to an imperative if institutions want to succeed. In Diversity's Promise for Higher Education, she analyzes how diversity is practiced today and offers new recommendations for effecting lasting and meaningful change. Smith argues that in the next generation of work on diversity, student population mix and performance will no longer be acceptable indicators of an institution's diversity effectiveness. To become more relevant to society, the nation, and the world while remaining true to their core mission, institutions must begin to see diversity, like technology, as central to teaching and research. She proposes a set of practices that will help colleges and universities embrace diversity as a tool for institutional success. This thoughtful volume draws on 40 years of diversity studies. It offers both researchers and administrators an innovative approach to developing and instituting effective and sustainable diversity strategies.
A Simple Quality-of-Service-Based Connection Setup Management Approach for Optical Networks

One of the major challenges for optical network operators is related to realizing profitable networks that preserve the overall satisfaction of their end customers. This necessitates ensuring a controlled network resource usage while decreasing connection blocking probability. However, optical networks are witnessing the introduction of an increasing number of new services, each having different requirements. As such, the evolution towards resource efficient connection setup management strategies that provide differentiated call-blocking probability becomes inevitable. Building on the previous observation, we propose in this paper a novel connection setup management strategy. This latter aims to differentiate the blocking probability among different classes of lightpath requests, while avoiding the starvation of the lower class lightpaths. The main idea behind our proposal is to privilige higher class lightpaths via preemption and to protect the lower class lightpaths through rerouting. In this manner, the proposed strategy serves the double objective of minimizing the overall connection blocking probability and of realizing quality of service (QoS) differentiation. The previous claim is asserted through our simulation results that gauge the main benefits behind our proposed connection setup strategy. The simulation results drawn from the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) and the European Optical Network (EON) show that the proposed strategy achieves both differentiated and low blocking probabilities.
Maximum-Torque-per-Ampere Control of Phase Advance Modulation of an SPM Wind Generator

Surface permanent-magnet (SPM) machines are normally operated by controlling the d- and q-axis currents. This paper examines the control of SPM generators based on controlling the terminal voltage magnitude V and power-factor angle 8. This is well suited for generator operation when using a switched-mode rectifier and avoids the need for a rotor position sensor. The parameters required for generating a given value of torque with minimum phase current in order to minimize copper losses are derived in this paper. This will be achieved by controlling V and 8 to keep the d-axis current equal to zero at low speed, before switching to field-weakening control at higher speeds. Simulated and experimental results will be used to verify the control strategy and the efficiency achieved.
Theoretical modeling and experimental testing for SAW torque sensing

In some special occasions, the conventional methods of torque measurement can't meet the requirements. SAW torque sensors have the characteristics of passive and wireless, which can adapt to the rotating and moving measurement objects preferably. In this paper, it firstly establishes a SAW torque sensing model which is based on the Lagrangian coordinates and describes strain-induced resonant frequency fields by employing the theory of nonlinear elasticity. Then the piezoelectric substrate cut orientation and the acoustic wave propagation direction is optimized according to the torque sensitivity and the electromechanical coupling coefficient. Finally SAW resonators are fabricated on ST-36° cut type quartz, the experimental platform of the SAW torque sensing is set up and the experimental results are analyzed.
Robotics, biological grounding and the Fregean tradition

Dynamic, embodied and situated cognition set up organism-environment interaction — agency for short — as the core of cognitive systems. Robotics became an important way to study this behavioral kernel of cognition. In this paper, we discuss the implications of what we call the biological grounding problem for robotic studies: Natural and artificial agents are hugely different and it will be necessary to articulate what must be replicated by artificial agents such as robots. Interestingly, once this issue is explicitly raised, it seems that a full replication of biological features is required for cognition itself to be plausibly cast as a biological phenomenon. Several issues come to the fore once one takes this implication seriously. Why does a full biological interpretation of cognition remain so controversial? How does this impact the relevance of robotics for the study of cognition? We try to articulate and ease the various tensions that arise from this biological scenario.
Inhibition of intercellular adhesion by concanavalin A is associated with concanavalin A-mediated redistribution of surface receptors

The inhibition of adhesion between aggregates and layers of embryonic retinal cells by concanavalin A (Con A) and Con A-mediated rearrangements of Con A receptors on retinal cells were studied. A short incubation of aggregates and layers with 10 micrograms/ml Con A substantially reduced aggregate-to-layer adhesion in a subsequent assay without soluble lectin present. This effect of Con A was dose- dependent, temperature-sensitive, involved events subsequent to Con A binding, and was reduced by cytochalasin B. The inhibition produced by succinylated Con A was substantially increased by incubation with antibody to Con A. Visualization of ConA- receptor complexes by fluorescence microscopy revealed that binding of Con A induced clearing of Con A receptors from filopodia, flattened regions of growth cones, and the edges of axons. This clearing reaction was prevented by the same agents that reduced Con A's inhibition of cell adhesion: low temperature, succinylation of Con A, or cytochalasin B. Aggregate-layer adhesion was restored by releasing Con A at 37 degrees C. Inhibitors of protein and ATP synthesis did not prevent recovery of ability to make adhesions. However, release of Con A at lowered temperatures did not prevent recovery. The results suggest that intercellular adhesion is inhibited by events associated with redistribution of Con A-receptor complexes on retinal cells.
Nonexistence of Positive Solutions for Some Fully Nonlinear Elliptic Equations

denote the kth elementary symmetric function, and let Γk denote the connected component of {λ ∈ R : σk(λ) > 0} containing the positive cone {λ ∈ R : λ1 > 0, · · · , λn > 0}. It is well known that Γk = {λ ∈ R : σl(λ) > 0, 1 ≤ l ≤ k}. Let S denote the set of n× n real symmetric matrices. For any A ∈ S we denote by λ(A) the eigenvalues of A. Throughout this note we will assume that Γ ⊂ R is an open convex symmetric cone with vertex at the origin satisfying Γn ⊂ Γ ⊂ Γ1. Moreover, we also assume that f is a continuous function defined on Γ verifying the following properties:
The trouble with HRM

The legitimacy of HRM is threatened by challenges to the impact of its core research programme and the centrality of its practices and function. If HRM is in crisis, what are the sources and perceived solutions? This article addresses the question of what a critical approach to HRM can contribute to the discussion of its troubles. That territory has often been occupied by adherents of critical management studies. However, such perspectives have shared with normative models the mistaken assertion that HRM is primarily a cultural construct that focuses on the creation of employee commitment. This article makes a case for a political economy approach that situates HR troubles within the constraints of the accumulation regimes of financialised capitalism. Among the outcomes is a strengthening of market discipline rather than commitment as a driver of high performance. While challenging the assumption that HRM is a distinctive mode of managing the employment relationship, it seeks to identify some common grounds for dialogue between mainstream and critical approaches.
Audio Descriptors and Descriptor Schemes in the Context of MPEG-7

Sound content description is one of the aims of the MPEG-7 initiative. Although MPEG-7 focuses on indexing and retrieval of audio, there are other sound content-based processing applications waiting to be developed once we have a robust set of descriptors and structures for putting them into relation and for expressing semantic concerns about sound. Spectral Modeling techniques provide a valuable framework for extracting and organizing sound content descriptions. All our descriptors can be considered low- or mid-level, for which we have devised automatic extraction procedures. In this paper we present the basic descriptors and introduce a scheme for organizing them (a so called Descriptor Scheme). We do not cover the high level description of music (musical forms and styles, roles of characters in a movie, etc.) which is also relevant in MPEG-7.
Metallic Plasmonic Nano-antenna for Wireless Optical Communication in Intra-body Nanonetworks

Nanonetworks consist of nano-sized communicating devices which are able to perform simple tasks at the nanoscale. Nanonetworks are the enabling technology for unique applications, including intra-body health-monitoring and drug delivery systems. In this paper, metallic plasmonic nanoantennas for wireless optical communication in intra-body nanonetworks are modeled and analyzed. More specifically, a unified mathematical framework is developed to investigate the performance in reception of gold-based nano-dipole antennas. This framework takes into account the metal properties, i.e., its dynamic complex conductivity and permittivity; the propagation properties of Surface Plasmon Polariton waves on the nano-antenna, i.e., their confinement factor and propagation length; the antenna geometry, i.e., length and radius, and the antenna fundamental resonance frequency, and it can be utilized to obtain the plasmonic currents on the nano-antenna generated by an incident EM filed. In addition to numerical results, the analytical models are validated by means of simulations with COMSOL Multi-physics. The developed framework will guide the design and development of novel nano-antennas suited for wireless optical communication in intra-body nanonetworks.
Augmented Nature : Activated , Actuated and Animated Small Natures with Pervasive Computers

This paper proposes our novel way to design new-style "nature-mediated" interactive gadgets. It can also be called “computer-embedded small natures”. We adopted small, natural and inorganic earth materials such as rough stones (on the street) and raw shells (on the beach), and embedded small micro-controllers into them for giving interactive functions. While surfaces of them are genuine/ original stones and shells, embedded microcomputers generate responses to humans’ physical actions with electronic light and sound. This mechanism consequently can “augment” relationships between human and natural things, and produce joyful experiences. We believe our concept can open the way to the next-design paradigm and applications with pervasive computing technologies.
Partial similarity of objects and text sequences

Similarity is one of the most important abstract concepts in the human perception of the world. In computer vision, numerous applications deal with comparing objects observed in a scene with some a priori known patterns. Often, it happens that while two objects are not similar, they have large similar parts, that is, they are partially similar. Here, we present a novel approach to quantify this semantic definition of partial similarity using the notion of Pareto optimality. We exemplify our approach on the problems of recognizing non-rigid objects and analyzing text sequences.