Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two-Step Performance Optimization of CsPbBr3 Perovskite Nanocrystals for Wide Color Gamut Displays

Owing to their composition-tunable and narrow emissions and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots (IPQDs) are a promising option for wide color gamut displays. However, their practical applications have been limited by their lattice structure instability and surface defect states. Herein, CsPbBr3:KBF4@SiO2 with improved stability and optical properties is successfully synthesized with a two-step optimization of fluorine (F) anion doping and SiO2 in situ coating. Compared with bromide (Br), higher electronegativity and a smaller radius of F lead to stronger binding energy with Pb2+. Also, F anions can occupy surface Br vacancies. Then, benefiting from the acidic environment provided by BF4− hydrolysis, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) can be more easily hydrolyzed on the CsPbBr3:KBF4 surface to generate SiO2 coating, thus further passivating lattice defects and improving environmental stability. Importantly, the PLQY of CsPbBr3:KBF4@SiO2 achieves 85%, and the stability has been greatly improved compared with pure CsPbBr3. Finally, CsPbBr3:KBF4@SiO2/PDMS, CsPbI3/PDMS, and CsPbCl3/PDMS composites with narrow emissions are applied to replace traditional phosphors as color converters for direct-view light-emitting diode (LED) displays or liquid crystal display (LCD) backlights. The color gamut reaches 118.22% under the NTSC standard. Concerning the display field, it suggests likely applications in the future.
Frequency-wavenumber elastic inversion of marine seismic data

We present an inversion method for determining the velocities, densities, and layer thicknesses of a horizontally stratified medium with an acoustic layer at the top and a stack of elastic layers below. The multioffset reflection response of the medium generated by a compressional point source is transformed from the time‐space domain into the frequency‐wavenumber domain where the inversion is performed by minimizing the difference between the reference data and the modeled data using a least‐squares technique. The forward modeling is based on the reflectivity method where the solution for each frequency‐wavenumber component is found by computing the generalized reflection and transmission matrices recursively. The gradient of the objective function is computed from analytical expressions of the Jacobian matrix derived directly from the recursive modeling equations. The partial derivatives of the reflection response of the stratified medium are then computed simultaneously with the reflection response by .
Finite Element Simulation and Fretting Wear Prediction of a Tenon Connection Structure

A tenon connection structure is widely used for the blade-disk connection in turbomachinery, and its ability to resist wear influences operation life. The finite element method (FEM) has been extensively applied in predicting fretting wear due to its advantage in solving problems like the non-linearity of boundary conditions. This work proposes a model that combines a modified Archard model with FEM to simulate fretting wear in multiple pairs of contact curved surfaces of the tenon connection structure. The model considers various factors, including the direction of fretting, time, load magnitude, and the application of aerodynamic load. The results indicate that the direction of fretting has a significant effect on the wear of the tenon connection structure. The wear depth of the tenon connection structure caused by axial fretting is nearly twice that of circumferential and radial fretting, and the corresponding wear depth values are 57.22, 30.85, and 24.36 µm in this study, respectively, and the rate of change in wear depth increases over time, while the contact pressure decreases initially and then increases with continuous wear. This study provides valuable insight into the impact of fretting under different working conditions on the wear of turbine tenon connection structures, which is of great significance for their wear-resistant design and life prediction.
Erosive Tooth Wear in Subjects with Normal Occlusion: A Pioneering Longitudinal Study up to the Age of 60

The aim of this study was to assess the erosive tooth wear (ETW) at early and mature adulthood in subjects with natural normal occlusion. The sample consisted of 23 untreated subjects with normal occlusion. Dental models were taken longitudinally from the same subjects at 13 (T0), 17 (T1) and 60.9 years of age (T2) at a university. Evaluation of ETW was performed using a modified Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) index. Interphase changes were evaluated using Friedman and Dunn’s test. Ordinal logistic regression was used to assess the influence of sex, dental arch, tooth and dental surfaces on the erosive tooth wear. Linear regression was used to evaluate whether the ETW degree at T1 could discriminate the degree of ETW at T2. The significance level adopted was 5%. ETW showed a significant increase with aging. The median ETW index at T0, T1 and T2 was 2, 4 and 7, respectively. ETW was greater in males in the incisors and canines and on the incisal/occlusal and lingual tooth surfaces. No significant differences were found between the maxillary and mandibular arches. Subjects with severe ETW at mature adulthood had greater tooth wear at age 17. In conclusion, ETW significantly increased during aging in subjects with normal occlusion. The greater the degree of tooth wear at early adulthood, the greater the tooth wear at mature adulthood. Preventive care should be recommended during early adulthood in patients demonstrating erosive tooth wear in order to avoid worsening with aging.
Role of Higher Education to Adjust the Impulse Eating-Buying Behavior. A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

Individual traits as impulsivity, used as emotion regulation or reward, trigger the increased consumption of unhealthy food, which affects the academic performance. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of research published on impulsive eating and buying that helps enhance the higher education learning environments, to provide direction to the scientific knowledge to deliver a better understanding of impulsive actions and self-regulation. Three databases on literature related to the two terms from 1962 to June 2020, drawn from Scopus and WoS, were reviewed. The methodology is based on co-citation and cluster analysis, using two analytic tools: VOSviewer and CitNetExplorer. Main authors, keywords, affiliations, and sources on this research area are determined. Co-citation and coupling analysis show up a closer relationship between the two fields. As a result of clustering, six research streams are identified: (1) cognitive and trait influences on impulsiveness, (2) children and habits, (3) adolescents, (4) consumer behavior, (5) emotion control, and (6) personality and reward. Finally, a research agenda is proposed. The findings of this research highlight the importance of the role that education institutions are playing in order to promote healthy eating and access to healthy food consumption in their communities.
Experimental determination of elastic constants of Oshima granite, Barre granite, and Chelmsford granite

Employing polyhedral specimens, longitudinal and shear wave velocities were measured in various directions of propagation and polarization. Sound velocities showed orthorhombic elasticity in all of the rocks. With the assumption of orthorhombic elasticity the nine stiffness constants of all samples were determined by the sound velocities under atmospheric pressure and Kelvin-Christoffel's equation. Twenty-one stiffness constants of Oshima granite, determined without assuming any symmetry, also showed orthorhombic features. Directions of the symmetry axes agreed well with the orientation of the preexisting cracks. Akaike's Information Criterion showed that the orthorhombic model with nine nonzero elastic stiffnesses was better than the model having 21 nonzero elastic stiffnesses for Oshima granite. The polyhedrons of two granitic rocks were loaded under hydrostatic pressure. All components of the stiffness constants increased with pressure. Under pressure of more than 120 MPa, two granitic rocks were approximately isotropic. The results show that oriented microcracks are mainly responsible for the orthorhombic elasticity of the granitic rocks and also indicate that dry oriented cracks can not be a cause for the anisotropic elasticity of granites at depths of more than 6–8 km.
Development of the WASAKA Learning Model on Heat and Temperature Topics for Higher Education

Lecturers are required to carry out learning as well as professionally. Lecturers must apply student-centered learning models in lectures so students can study well. This research aimed to develop a valid WASAKA (Write, Analyze, Argue, Knowledge Development, and Act) learning model that can be implemented in the classroom and gets a good response from students who study heat and temperature in higher education. This research used Educational Design Research (EDR) research. The subjects of this study were 28 students studying heat and temperature in the Fundamental Physics course. Data collection techniques in this research were observation and an online survey using the Google form with the cross-sectional survey design method. The research instruments used were validation sheets, observation sheets, and response questionnaires. The data obtained were then analyzed using the Aiken formula and descriptive statistics. The results showed that the WASAKA learning model had content validity of 0.87-0.93 with valid categories; the average implementation of the model in terms of lecturer activities is 4.99 with a very good category; the average implementation of the model in terms of student activities is 4.87 with a very good category, and students gave a very good response to the model. This research concluded that the learning model developed was valid, implemented, and responded well by students. Thus, the learning model can be applied in Fundamental Physics lectures, especially in Higher Education heat and temperature topics.
Utilization of CO2 as cushion gas for porous media compressed air energy storage

Porous media compressed air energy storage (PM‐CAES) and geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) can potentially be combined when CO 2 is used as the cushion gas. The large increase in density of CO 2 around its critical pressure at near‐critical temperature means that a PM‐CAES reservoir operated around the CO 2 critical pressure could potentially store more air (energy) for a given pressure rise in the reservoir. One‐dimensional (1D) radial TOUGH2 simulations of PM‐CAES with CO 2 as the cushion gas have been carried out to investigate pressurization and gas‐gas mixing effects. We find that pervasive pressure gradients in PM‐CAES make it desirable to position the air‐CO 2 interface close to the well, but cushion gas at such locations is subject to strong and undesirable air‐CO 2 mixing and subsequent production of CO 2 up the well. To avoid this negative effect, CO 2 cushion gas should be located at the far outer margins of storage reservoirs where mixing will be very slow. In such a configuration, the super‐compressibility of CO 2 will not be exploited, but CO 2 can be stored in the GCS context potentially earning significant value for the PM‐CAES project depending on the price of carbon. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Quantitative analysis of urban sprawl in Tripoli using Pearson's Chi-Square statistics and urban expansion intensity index

Urban expansion is a spatial phenomenon that reflects the increased level of importance of metropolises. The remotely sensed data and GIS have been widely used to study and analyze the process of urban expansions and their patterns. The capital of Libya (Tripoli) was selected to perform this study and to examine its urban growth patterns. Four satellite imageries of the study area in different dates (1984, 1996, 2002 and 2010) were used to conduct this research. The main goal of this work is identification and analyzes the urban sprawl of Tripoli metropolitan area. Urban expansion intensity index (UEII) and degree of freedom test were used to analyze and assess urban expansions in the area of study. The results show that Tripoli has sprawled urban expansion patterns; high urban expansion intensity index; and its urban development had high degree of freedom according to its urban expansion history during the time period (1984-2010). However, the novel proposed hypothesis used for zones division resulted in very good insight understanding of urban expansion direction and the effect of the distance from central business of district (CBD).
Assessing the Reconceptualization of Pain in Graduate-Entry Physiotherapy Students Using the Concept of Pain Inventory for Adults: The University of Technology Sydney Physiotherapy Student Surveys Project

Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Introduction. Validly and reliably assessing conceptual change is essential for evaluating the effectiveness of pain science education for physiotherapy students. We aimed to 1) evaluate concept of pain before and after a 14-week pain science education university subject, 2) assess structural validity of the Concept of Pain Inventory for Adults (COPI-Adult) in postgraduate entry-level physiotherapy students, and 3) explore possible relationships between baseline variables and baseline COPI-Adult scores. Review of Literature. As the COPI-Adult is a newly developed questionnaire, there is a lack of data regarding its psychometric properties. Subjects. Of 129 enrolled students at an Australian university, 124 (96%) and 114 (88%) completed the baseline and follow-up questionnaires, respectively. Methods. In this prospective cohort study, students who commenced the degree in 2020 or 2021 completed online questionnaires, including the COPI-Adult, at the start and end of their first semester. This semester included a 14-week pain science education subject and other physiotherapy-related subjects. Higher COPI-Adult scores (range = 0–52) indicate better alignment with contemporary pain science. We 1) compared differences in concept of pain before and after the semester, 2) performed a confirmatory factor analysis on the COPI-Adult, and 3) performed exploratory regression analyses. Results. Concept of Pain Inventory for Adults scores increased from baseline (median [interquartile range]: 39 [36–44]) to follow-up (48 [44–51]). The COPI-Adult retained its 1-factor structure, with acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.80). Exploratory analysis showed that previously completing a subject on pain was related to higher COPI-Adult baseline scores. Age, gender, and mental health diagnosis did not relate to baseline COPI-Adult scores. Discussion and Conclusion. Following a 14-week pain science education subject embedded within a physiotherapy degree, students improved their concept of pain. The COPI-Adult maintains a 1-factor structure in this population. Completing a previous subject on pain was associated with higher COPI-Adult scores.
Diagnosa Penyakit Kulit Pada Hewan Kucing Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining

Diagnosa penyakit kulit pada hewan kucing memegang peran penting dalam perawatan dan penanganan yang sesuai. Penelitian ini ditujukan guna membuat aplikasi diagnosa penyakit kulit pada kucing berbasis android dengan metode Forward Chaining. Metode ini menggunakan fakta-fakta untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan. Tahap perumusan masalah mengidentifikasi masalah yang dibahas, dan teknik pengumpulan data melibatkan wawancara dengan Dokter Wawa n’ Ca Petshop Klinik serta kajian pustaka. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik wawancara kualitatif, termasuk persiapan, reduksi, dan penyajian data. Hasilnya adalah aplikasi diagnosa penyakit kulit pada kucing berbasis android yang membantu pemilik mengenali gejala dan memberikan saran pertolongan pertama. Metode Forward Chaining digunakan untuk mencocokkan fakta dengan kondisi dan aturan untuk memberikan diagnosis yang akurat. Hasil uji usability aplikasi memperoleh skor 82 yang menyatakan aplikasi layak digunakan. Penelitian ini berpotensi memberikan kontribusi dalam ilmu informatika dan solusi praktis dalam penanganan penyakit kulit pada kucing
Control of atmospheric particles on diffuse radiation and terrestrial plant productivity

Terrestrial plant productivity tends to increase under increasing but non-saturating photosynthetically active solar radiation when water, temperature and nutrients are not limiting. However, studies have shown that photosynthesis can also be higher under enhanced diffuse light despite a decrease in total irradiance. Clouds and atmospheric aerosols are two important variables that determine the total and proportion of diffuse light reaching the surface and thereby the rate of photosynthesis and carbon accumulation in plants. In addition to these factors, the response of plants to diffuse radiation is also dependant on plant characteristics such as functional types, leaf physiology, leaf area, leaf inclination, canopy structure and shape (i.e. clumping). Local environmental conditions (i.e. temperature, soil moisture, vapour pressure deficit, etc.) then modulate these plant responses. Changes in solar radiation as a consequence of clouds and aerosols thus can modify the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, understanding the role of solar radiation in terrestrial carbon processes has become one of the goals in terrestrial carbon cycle studies. It can help to identify the control and mechanisms of carbon processes and determines the geographical and temporal distribution of the major pools and fluxes in the global carbon cycle. Here we review the role of clouds and aerosols in partitioning solar radiation and their interactions with carbon processes of terrestrial plants. We also focus our review on vegetation characteristics that control the impact of radiation partitioning on vegetation carbon processes and the role of modelling approach to study this impact. We identify gaps in this field of research and further propose recommendations to bridge the gap.
Development of Non-homogeneous and Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models for Modelling Monthly Rainfall and Streamflow Time Series

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) offer a plausible representation of long-term hydroclimatic persistence in rainfall and streamflow observations. Persistent climate processes influence hydrological observations at various time scales. This paper develops the s tochastic framework of two-state HMMs to better represent climate-rainfall interactions at both monthly and annual levels. Two new models, a hierarchical HMM and a non-homogeneous HMM are introduced, and fitted to monthly rainfall and streamflow observatio ns from Australia. The value of these models to identify two-state persistence is compared to that of existing two -state HMMs.
Changes in the plasticity of a sample of Champlain clay after selective chemical dissolution to remove amorphous material

Although the effect of amorphous compounds on the undisturbed strength of Champlain clay has received m~~ch atten ion, the role of this amorphous material in the behaviourofthe sediment following remouldi g has been virtually ignored. Selective dissolution procedures on remoulded specimens revealed that removal of up to 4% amorphous material, primarily iron and silicon compounds, was associated with small decreases in specific surface area and cation exchange capacity, and large decreases in liquid limit and plasticity in ex. Analysis of X-ray diffraction traces indicates some alteration of the crystalline components during NaOH-CBD dissolution, but little alteration occurred with the KOH-NH,Ox method, the procedure which achieved maximum extraction of Fe a d Si in this study. It is tentatively concluded that the presence of amorphous material may be responsible for much of the plasticity displayed by Champlain clay rock flour. As a corollary. natural variability in the content of amorphous material in Champlain clay may be correlated with regional and stratigraphic patterns of sensitivity.
Meeting the radiative forcing targets of the representative concentration pathways in a world with agricultural climate impacts

This study assesses how climate impacts on agriculture may change the evolution of the agricultural and energy systems in meeting the end‐of‐century radiative forcing targets of the representative concentration pathways (RCPs). We build on the recently completed Inter‐Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI‐MIP) exercise that has produced global gridded estimates of future crop yields for major agricultural crops using climate model projections of the RCPs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). For this study we use the bias‐corrected outputs of the HadGEM2‐ES climate model as inputs to the LPJmL crop growth model, and the outputs of LPJmL to modify inputs to the GCAM integrated assessment model. Our results indicate that agricultural climate impacts generally lead to an increase in global cropland, as compared with corresponding emissions scenarios that do not consider climate impacts on agricultural productivity. This is driven mostly by negative impacts on wheat, rice, other grains, and oil crops. Still, including agricultural climate impacts does not significantly increase the costs or change the technological strategies of global, whole‐system emissions mitigation. In fact, to meet the most aggressive climate change mitigation target (2.6 W/m2 in 2100), the net mitigation costs are slightly lower when agricultural climate impacts are considered. Key contributing factors to these results are (a) low levels of climate change in the low‐forcing scenarios, (b) adaptation to climate impacts simulated in GCAM through inter‐regional shifting in the production of agricultural goods, and (c) positive average climate impacts on bioenergy crop yields.
Relict coesite exsolution in omphacite from Western Tianshan eclogites, China

Abstract Exsolution rods of relict coesite together with quartz were identified in omphacite in eclogites from western Tianshan, China. They are oriented along the c-axis of the host clinopyroxenes and have grain size up to 30 μm long and 2.3 μm wide. Raman spectra of exsolved lamellae yield consistent but weak bands at 521, 270, 181, 151, and 118 cm-1, typical for coesite, in addition to those of quartz and the host omphacite. Such occurrences together with textured observations suggest a two-stage evolution of SiO2 exsolution rods in omphacite. Lamellae of coesite were apparently exsolved from supersilicic omphacite at P ≈ 5.0 GPa and the transformation from coesite to quartz occurred during retrograde metamorphism.