Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The surgical treatment of aorto‐iliac occlusion

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Process elongation of oligodendrocytes is promoted by the Kelch‐related actin‐binding protein Mayven

Rearrangement of the cytoskeleton leading to the extension of cellular processes is essential for the myelination of axons by oligodendrocytes. We observed that the actin‐binding protein, Mayven, is expressed during all stages of the oligodendrocyte lineage, and that its expression is up‐regulated during oligodendrocyte differentiation. Mayven is localized in the cytoplasm and along the cell processes. Mayven also binds actin, and is involved in the cytoskeletal reorganization in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (O‐2A cells) that leads to process elongation. Mayven overexpression resulted in an increase in the process outgrowth of O‐2A cells and in the lengths of the processes, while microinjection of Mayven‐specific antibodies inhibited process extension in these cells. Furthermore, O‐2A cells transduced with recombinant retroviral sense Mayven (pMIG‐W‐Mayven) showed an increase in the number of oligodendrocyte processes with outgrowth, while recombinant retroviral antisense Mayven (pMIG‐W‐Mayven‐AS) blocked O‐2A process extension. Interestingly, co‐localization and association of Mayven with Fyn kinase were found in O‐2A cells, and these interactions were increased during the outgrowth of oligodendrocyte processes. This association was mediated via the SH3 domain ligand (a.a. 1–45) of Mayven and the SH3 domain of Fyn, suggesting that Mayven may act as a linker to bind Fyn, via its N‐terminus. Thus, Mayven plays a role in the dynamics of cytoskeletal rearrangement leading to the process extension of oligodendrocytes.
Coping with multiple residents in a smart environment

Smart environment research has resulted in many useful tools for modeling, monitoring, and adapting to a single resident. However, many of these tools are not equipped for coping with multiple residents in the same environment simultaneously. In this paper we investigate a first step in coping with multiple residents, that of attributing sensor events to individuals in a multi-resident environment. We discuss approaches that can be used to achieve this goal and we evaluate our implementations in the context of two physical smart environment testbeds. We also explore how learning resident identifiers can aid in performing other analyses on smart environment sensor data such as activity recognition.
The impact of avatar realism and eye gaze control on perceived quality of communication in a shared immersive virtual environment

This paper presents an experiment designed to investigate the impact of scommunication in an immersive virtual environment.Participants were paired by gender and were randomly assigned to a CAVE-like system or a head-mounted display. Both were represented by a humanoid avatar in the shared 3D environment. The visual appearance of the avatars was either basic and genderless (like a "match-stick" figure), or more photorealistic and gender-specific. Similarly, eye gaze behavior was either random or inferred from voice, to reflect different levels of behavioral realism.Our comparative analysis of 48 post-experiment questionnaires confirms earlier findings from non-immersive studies using semi-photorealistic avatars, where inferred gaze significantly outperformed random gaze. However responses to the lower-realism avatar are adversely affected by inferred gaze, revealing a significant interaction effect between appearance and behavior. We discuss the importance of aligning visual and behavioral realism for increased avatar effectiveness.
Software refactoring at the package level using clustering techniques

Enhancing, modifying or adapting the software to new requirements increases the internal software complexity. Software with high level of internal complexity is difficult to maintain. Software refactoring reduces software complexity and hence decreases the maintenance effort. However, software refactoring becomes quite challenging task as the software evolves. The authors use clustering as a pattern recognition technique to assist in software refactoring activities at the package level. The approach presents a computer aided support for identifying ill-structured packages and provides suggestions for software designer to balance between intra-package cohesion and inter-package coupling. A comparative study is conducted applying three different clustering techniques on different software systems. In addition, the application of refactoring at the package level using an adaptive k-nearest neighbour (A-KNN) algorithm is introduced. The authors compared A-KNN technique with the other clustering techniques (viz. single linkage algorithm, complete linkage algorithm and weighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages). The new technique shows competitive performance with lower computational complexity.
Saturation Ltering for Noise and Outlier Detection

Instance selection is an important part of the KDD process. It is aimed at nding a representative data subset that can replace the original dataset, still solving a data mining task as if the whole dataset were used. For most data mining tasks, including classiication tasks, the selected dataset should preferably exclude noisy instances, aimed at improving the predictive accuracy and applicability of induced knowledge signiicantly depend on appropriate noise handling procedures. In order to present our approach to noise handling, we rst introduce the underlying theory and intuitions. A target concept of a given problem domain is pre-deened as the source of all possible correct examples of the concept. An inductive learning task is to nd a good representation of the target concept in a selected hypothesis language. This representation is called a target theory. The main property of a target theory is that it should be correct for all the correct domain examples. A domain may consist of instances of a single concept, a set of subconcepts, a main concept and some subconcepts, etc. These domain characteristics together with the restrictions of the used hypothesis language may cause that a target theory may either have the form of a single concept description, a set of subconcept descriptions, or a main concept description and its exceptions (descriptions of small subconcepts or outlier descriptions). In an ideal inductive learning problem, the induced hypothesis is indeed a target theory that wilìagree' with the classiications of training examples and will thus perform as a perfect classiier of unseen instances. In practice, however, it frequently happens that available data contain various kinds of errors, either random or systematic. Noise usually means random errors in training examples (erroneous attribute values and/or erroneous classiication). In this work, however, we use the term noise in a broader sense of outliers 20] denoting all examples that do not follow the same model as the rest of the data. This dee-nition \includes not only erroneous data but also surprising veridical data" 6], including non-typical class representatives. Thus, in this work the term noise denotes errors (incorrect examples) as well as exceptions (correct examples representing some relatively rare subconcept of the target concept). Namely, from the induction point of view, exceptions have the same eeect on the induction process as erroneous examples themselves. Detection and ltering of noisy examples from the training set helps in the induction of the …
Occupational Exposure to Diesel Motor Exhaust and Lung Cancer: A Dose-Response Relationship Hidden by Asbestos Exposure Adjustment? The ICARE Study

Background. In a French large population-based case-control study we investigated the dose-response relationship between lung cancer and occupational exposure to diesel motor exhaust (DME), taking into account asbestos exposure. Methods. Exposure to DME was assessed by questionnaire. Asbestos was taken into account through a global indicator of exposure to occupational carcinogens or by a specific JEM. Results. We found a crude dose response relationship with most of the indicators of DME exposure, including with the cumulative exposure index. All results were affected by adjustment for asbestos exposure. The dose response relationships between DME and lung cancer were observed among subjects never exposed to asbestos. Conclusions. Exposure to DME and to asbestos is frequently found among the same subjects, which may explain why dose-response relationships in previous studies that adjusted for asbestos exposure were inconsistent.
Intrinsic ultracontractivity of nonsymmetric diffusions with measure-valued drifts and potentials

Recently, in [Preprint (2006)], we extended the concept of intrinsic ultracontractivity to nonsymmetric semigroups. In this paper, we study the intrinsic ultracontractivity of nonsymmetric diffusions with measure-valued drifts and measure-valued potentials in bounded domains. Our process Y is a diffusion process whose generator can be formally written as L + μ ∇ ¯ ν with Dirichlet boundary conditions, where L is a uniformly elliptic second-order differential operator and μ = (μ 1 ,. μ d ) is such that each component μ i , i = 1,. , d, is a signed measure belonging to the Kato class K d , and v is a (nonnegative) measure belonging to the Kato class K d,2 . We show that scale-invariant parabolic and elliptic Harnack inequalities are valid for Y. In this paper, we prove the parabolic boundary Harnack principle and the intrinsic ultracontractivity for the killed diffusion Y D with measure-valued drift and potential when D is one of the following types of bounded domains: twisted Holder domains of order a e (1/3, 1], uniformly Holder domains of order a ∈ (0, 2) and domains which can be locally represented as the region above the graph of a function. This extends the results in [J. Funct. Anal. 100 (1991) 181-206] and [Probab. Theory Related Fields 91 (1992) 405-443]. As a consequence of the intrinsic ultracontractivity, we get that the supremum of the expected conditional lifetimes of Y D is finite.
Understanding knowledge creation : intellectuals in academia, the public sphere and the arts

Introduction Nikita Basov and Oleksandra Nenko: Intellectuals and the Transformation of Knowledge Creation Intellectuals in Academia: Institutionalized Knowledge Creation Jeroen van Andel: The Rationalization of Academia: From Bildung to Production James Moir: The Democratic Intellect Reconsidered Intellectuals in the Public Sphere: 'Organic' Knowledge Creation Sechaba Mahlomaholo and Vhonani Netshandama: Post-Apartheid Organic Intellectual and Knowledge Creation Tunde Adeleke: Walter A. Rodney and the Instrumentalist Construction and Utilization of Knowledge Georg F. Simet: Possibilities and Risks of Influencing Public Knowledge: The Case of Hrant Dink Olga Procevska: Not a Sin, but a Side Effect: Collaboration and Knowledge Creation by the Organic Intellectuals Intellectuals in the Arts: Emotional Knowledge Creation Carlos David Garcia Mancilla: Art and the Passion of Intellect Claire Heaney: Emotional Intelligence: Literature, Ethics and Affective Cognition in J.M. Coetzee's Disgrace Oleksandra Nenko: Aesthetic Emotional Experience: From Eye Irritation to Knowledge Conclusion Nikita Basov: Knowledge Creation in the Intellectual Networks Notes on Contributors
A Cross-Sectional Study of the Phenotypes of Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Adults with Down Syndrome

Background Despite the confluence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, subclinical atherosclerotic damage and cardiovascular events remain extremely rare in adults with Down syndrome (DS). We aim to determine the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders in an adult cohort with DS and to compare our findings with adults without DS. Methods Cross-sectional study of 51 consecutively selected adults with DS living in the community and 51 healthy controls in an outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Madrid, Spain. Epidemiological data (age and gender), anthropometric data (body mass index and waist-to-height ratio), coexisting clinical conditions, and laboratory data (fasting glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, creatinine, thyroid hormones, vitamins, and lipid profile) were measured and compared between the groups. Results Adults with DS were significantly younger and more often men with a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity than controls. Their waist-to-height ratio was higher, and they more frequently had abdominal obesity. The results of an analysis adjusted for age and gender revealed no differences in fasting insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment indexes, or lipid profile between adults with DS and controls. Conclusion Adults with DS presented a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. However, we found no differences in lipid profile, prevalence of insulin resistance, or metabolic syndrome between adults with DS and controls.
Sensitivity and specificity of the Cozart microplate EIA cocaine oral fluid at proposed screening and confirmation cutoffs.

BACKGROUND Oral fluid is currently being evaluated as an alternative matrix for monitoring illicit drugs in federally mandated workplace drug testing, for addiction treatment programs, and for driving under the influence testing. The sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of the Cozart Microplate EIA Cocaine Oral Fluid Kit (COC ELISA) were determined by comparison with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) results at screening and confirmation cutoffs proposed in the US and UK. METHOD Oral fluid was collected by expectoration after citric acid candy stimulation or with Salivette neutral cotton swabs or Salivette citric acid-treated cotton swabs before and after cocaine (COC) administration. Specimens (n = 1468) were analyzed with the COC ELISA for screening and with solid-phase extraction followed by GC/MS for confirmation. Three screening cutoffs (10, 20, and 30 microg/L) and four GC/MS cutoffs (2.5, 8, 10, and 15 microg/L COC, benzoylecgonine, and/or ecgonine methyl ester) were evaluated. GC/MS limit of quantification was 2.5 micro g/L for all analytes. RESULTS COC ELISA interassay imprecision (CV; n = 19) was 16% at 16.7 microg/L and 12% at 81.8 microg/L. With the 2.5, 8, 10, and 15 microg/L GC/MS cutoffs, 59.0%, 54.7%, 52.7%, and 48.7% of the oral fluid specimens were positive, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency were 92.2%, 84.7%, and 88.8%, respectively, for the suggested Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) cutoffs and 90.2%, 89.2%, and 89.7% for cutoffs currently used in the UK. CONCLUSIONS COC ELISA had suitable sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency for identifying COC exposure at both the proposed SAMHSA and UK cutoffs. Sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency were >84% for both cutoffs, but 92 additional true-positive samples were identified with the SAMHSA cutoffs.
Self-Adaptive Network Interface (SANI): Local Component of a NoC Configuration Manager

This paper presents our approach considering the needs of reconfiguration in the domain of NoCs. We introduce our motivations and then detail our strategy based on local (delegate) and global configuration managers. Finally we describe an original self-adaptive Network Interface architecture, which is a part of the configuration manager, in charge of run-time buffer sizing. The challenge is clearly a tradeoff between the complexity of decision implementation and expected gains in terms of cost and performances. Our results obtained on FPGA within an emulator board demonstrate the interest of the proposed approach.
A Model for Telephone Networks and Its Use for Routing Optimization Purposes

The problem studied here concerns the modeling of call blocking in telephone networks. From the usual assumptions such as exponential arrivals and holding time, lost call cleared, the state of the network is described by a finite Markov chain. From the transition probabilities of this process are derived the differential equations associated with the average occupancy of all trunk groups. These traffic equations are simplified by considering independence of blocking for trunk groups in series. The blocking probabilities are estimated using fictitious offered traffic and the Erlang B formula. Such representation takes into account peaky or smooth traffic characteristics. We develop this one-moment model for routing policies such as load sharing and overflow routing. Performances of the model are given in comparison to the solution of the exact Markov chain model or the results of Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, an application to routing optimization and network dimensioning is treated.
Short-Term Perceptual Training of Music and Its Effect on Neural Encoding. -

Introduction: Speech and music exhibits similar acoustic and structural properties and even its perception recruit shared computational systems. However, short term music perceptual training and its effect on neural encoding at cortical and sub cortical structures of brain still remains unanswered. Aim and objective: To investigate the short-term perceptual musical training and its influence on encoding of speech and music evoked auditory responses for frequency following response and long latency response. Methodology and Analysis: Pre and post perceptual musical training was recorded for harmonics of frequency following response and long latency response (LLR) for speech stimuli /da/ and music stimuli played through violin for 20 participants in the age range of 18-25 years. Results: The results reveal that there was no significant difference for the harmonic of frequency following response where as significant difference was observed for the P2 and N2 latency and N2 amplitude of LLR. Conclusion: The short-term perceptual musical training had an impact on plasticity which was evident at the cortical level preceding the changes at the sub-cortical level. There is a clear clinical implication that the plasticity of the organism can be strengthened which would fine tune the neural process not only for the music perception but also for speech and language remediations.
A Real Time Visual Exploratory Search Engine for Information Retrieval in a Cloud

 Abstract —Search engines employed under cloud computing have been crucial in enabling users in retrieving information. This has allowed users to access wide volume of information that is significantly impossible under the tradition information collection that involved manual search of the intended information. The main focus of this study is on improving the traditional search engine by providing a novel framework for people to obtain reliable, personalization and graphical representation search results. This study proposes and develops a Visual Exploratory search engine solution extremely good in understanding semantic similarity computation which can access multiple Metadata based search engines at the same time and generating real-time relationship graphs for a better visual exploratory search in a cloud computing environment. The study proposes a Research Model based on which the proposed prototype would be developed.
Sources of support for learning words in conversation: evidence from mealtimes

This study examines mealtimes of preschoolers' families to determine whether rare words are used in informative ways so that a child could learn their meanings. Is there an association between informative use of rare words and the child's later vocabulary? Each use of rare words in 160 transcripts was coded for whether it was informative or uninformative. Each informative exchange was coded for type of strategy used to provide support: physical or social context, prior knowledge, and semantic support. There were 1,631 exchanges around rare words. About two-thirds of these exchanges were informative uses from which the child could learn the word's meaning. The most frequent strategy used was semantic support, accounting for two-thirds of strategies used. The frequency of use of rare words was positively correlated with age-five and age-seven PPVT scores.
The Blind Leading the Blind: Social Influence, Fads and Informational Cascades

An informational cascade occurs when it is optimal for an individual, having observed the actions of those ahead of him, to hollow the behavior of the preceding person without regard to his own information. Among the phenomena that can be explained by informational cascades are conformism at specific times and places, error-prone behavior, and fragility of behaviors.
Antifungal Efficacy during Candida krusei Infection in Non-Conventional Models Correlates with the Yeast In Vitro Susceptibility Profile

The incidence of opportunistic fungal infections has increased in recent decades due to the growing proportion of immunocompromised patients in our society. Candida krusei has been described as a causative agent of disseminated fungal infections in susceptible patients. Although its prevalence remains low among yeast infections (2–5%), its intrinsic resistance to fluconazole makes this yeast important from epidemiologic aspects. Non mammalian organisms are feasible models to study fungal virulence and drug efficacy. In this work we have used the lepidopteran Galleria mellonella and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as models to assess antifungal efficacy during infection by C. krusei. This yeast killed G. mellonella at 25, 30 and 37°C and reduced haemocytic density. Infected larvae melanized in a dose-dependent manner. Fluconazole did not protect against C. krusei infection, in contrast to amphotericin B, voriconazole or caspofungin. However, the doses of these antifungals required to obtain larvae protection were always higher during C. krusei infection than during C. albicans infection. Similar results were found in the model host C. elegans. Our work demonstrates that non mammalian models are useful tools to investigate in vivo antifungal efficacy and virulence of C. krusei.