Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
β Subunit M2–M3 Loop Conformational Changes Are Uncoupled from α1 β Glycine Receptor Channel Gating: Implications for Human Hereditary Hyperekplexia

Hereditary hyperekplexia, or startle disease, is a neuromotor disorder caused mainly by mutations that either prevent the surface expression of, or modify the function of, the human heteromeric α1 β glycine receptor (GlyR) chloride channel. There is as yet no explanation as to why hyperekplexia mutations that modify channel function are almost exclusively located in the α1 to the exclusion of β subunit. The majority of these mutations are identified in the M2–M3 loop of the α1 subunit. Here we demonstrate that α1 β GlyR channel function is less sensitive to hyperekplexia-mimicking mutations introduced into the M2–M3 loop of the β than into the α1 subunit. This suggests that the M2–M3 loop of the α subunit dominates the β subunit in gating the α1 β GlyR channel. A further attempt to determine the possible mechanism underlying this phenomenon by using the voltage-clamp fluorometry technique revealed that agonist-induced conformational changes in the β subunit M2–M3 loop were uncoupled from α1 β GlyR channel gating. This is in contrast to the α subunit, where the M2–M3 loop conformational changes were shown to be directly coupled to α1 β GlyR channel gating. Finally, based on analysis of α1 β chimeric receptors, we demonstrate that the structural components responsible for this are distributed throughout the β subunit, implying that the β subunit has evolved without the functional constraint of a normal gating pathway within it. Our study provides a possible explanation of why hereditary hyperekplexia-causing mutations that modify α1 β GlyR channel function are almost exclusively located in the α1 to the exclusion of the β subunit.
A Study on Internet of Things based Applications

This paper gives a detail analysis of various applications based on Internet of Thing (IoT)s. This explains about how internet of things evolved from mobile computing and ubiquitous computing. It emphasises the fact that objects are connected over the internet rather than people. The properties of Internet of Things (IOT) are product information, electronic tag, standard expressed and uploading information. It utilises the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and wireless sensor networks (WSN). IOT applications are used in domains such as healthcare, supply chain management, defence and agriculture. Lastly the paper focuses on issues involved in IOT. Though it is a boon, IOT faces certain crucial issues like privacy and security.
The Afrocentric Idea in Education.

Many of the principles that govern the development of the Afrocentric idea in education were first established by Carter G. Woodson in The Mis-education of the Negro (1933). Indeed, Woodson's classic reveals the fundamental problems pertaining to the education of the African person in America. As Woodson contends, African Americans have been educated away from their own culture and traditions and attached to the fringes of European culture; thus dislocated from themselves, Woodson asserts that African Americans often valorize European culture to the detriment of their own heritage (p. 7). Although Woodson does not advocate rejection of American citizenship or nationality, he believed that assuming African Americans hold the same position as European Americans vis-a-vis the realities of America would lead to the psychological and cultural death of the African American population. Furthermore, if education is ever to be substantive and meaningful within the context of American society, Woodson argues, it must first address the African's historical experiences, both in Africa and America (p. 7). That is why he places on education, and particularly on the traditionally African American colleges, the burden of teaching the African American to be responsive to the long traditions and history of Africa as well as America. Woodson's alert recognition, more than 50 years ago, that something is severely wrong with the way African Americans are educated provides the principal impetus for the Afrocentric approach to American education. In this article I will examine the nature and scope of this approach, establish its necessity, and suggest ways to develop and disseminate it throughout all levels of education. Two propositions stand in the background of the theoretical and philosophical issues I will present. These ideas represent the core presuppositions on which I have based most of my work in the field of education, and they suggest the direction of my own thinking about what education is capable of doing to and for an already politically and economically marginalized people-African Americans: (1) Education is fundamentally a social phenomenon whose ultimate purpose is to socialize the learner; to send a child to school is to prepare that child to become part of a social group. (2) Schools are reflective of the societies that develop them (i.e., a White supremacist-dominated society will develop a White supremacist educational system).
International Perspectives on Educational Psychology

The functions of psychologists working in the educational system differ from country to country, and so does the name of the profession. The author discusses the professional status of educational psychologists from an international perspective. The Spanish term ‘orientacion educativa´ does not explicitly refer to a psychological profession. This may have consequences for training programmes and for the functions practitioners are expected to fulfil. The necessity of legal regulations, and the contribution of international associations to the standards in the field of educational psychology are discussed.
Super-resolution of a 3-dimensional scene from novel viewpoints

Super-resolution is a method of post-processing image enhancement that increases the spatial resolution of video or images. Existing super-resolution techniques apply only to images captured of a planar scene. This paper aims to extend super-resolution concepts from the 2D domain to the 3D domain, drawing on ideas from both super-resolution and multi-view geometry, two fields of research that until now have predominantly been studied in isolation. 2D super-resolution methods are not without their complexities and limitations. However, once multiple views of a scene are considered within a super-resolution framework, a new range of issues arise that must also be resolved. For example, when input images of a scene with variation in depth are considered, it is no longer clear how and where the images should be registered. This paper describes the use of sparse 3D reconstruction in order to `register' the input images, which are then transferred to a novel image plane and combined to increase the perceived detail in the scene. Experimental results using real images captured from generally positioned input cameras are presented.
A Data-transition Look-ahead DFF Circuit For Statistical Reduction In Power Consumption

A new data-transition look-ahead DFF (DL-DFF) that reduces the power consumption of CMOS LSI's is proposed. The power consumption is reduced in accordance with the data-transition probability. The main feature of the DL-DFF is that the clock signal is deactivated when there are no data transitions. This reduces the power consumption when the data-transition probability is low. The power consumption of a DL-DFF is compared to that of a conventional one by measuring a test chip fabricated using a 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS/SIMOX process. It is found that a DL-DFF consumes less power than a conventional one when the data-transition probability is under 60%. For example, when the data-transition probability is 25%, it consumes 29% less power. Moreover, some suitable applications of a DL-DFF are presented.
Scar Tissue Formation Following Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Case Control Study.

The aim of this retrospective case control study was to compare a porcine collagen matrix (Mucograft Seal, Geistlich) with a free gingival punch graft with respect to size, invagination, and color of resulting soft tissue scar formation. Following definition of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 patients were retrospectively included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups. In group A, the extraction socket was filled with bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss, Geistlich) and covered with a free gingival punch graft. In group B, the extraction socket was filled with bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss) and covered with porcine collagen matrix. After final prosthetic reconstruction (18 implant-retained crowns and 4 fixed partial dentures), two independent examiners evaluated the size, invagination, and color of the soft tissue scar using a modified scar-evaluation scale originally developed for dermal wounds (lower values correspond to less scarring). Patient satisfaction was recorded using a questionnaire. Patient records were screened for frequency and costs of scar removal treatment. The average scar score for groups A and B was 1.33 and 4.3, respectively, revealing significantly less scarring in group B (P = .000295). Frequency and costs of scar removal treatment were statistically significantly higher in Group A (P = .000234). Patient satisfaction was not statistically significantly different between the treatment groups (P = . 711 for group A and P = . 809 for group B. The results suggest that alveolar ridge preservation using bovine bone mineral and porcine collagen matrix leads to less scar tissue formation when compared with bovine bone mineral and free gingival punch grafts from the palate.
Learning with hypermedia: Examining cognitive, motivational, and contextual factors

Title of Dissertation: LEARNING WITH HYPERMEDIA: EXAMINING COGNITIVE, MOTIVATIONAL, AND CONTEXTUAL FACTORS Daniel Charles Moos, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Dissertation directed by: Dr. Roger Azevedo Department of Human Development Think-aloud, pretest, posttest, and self-efficacy data collected from 85 undergraduates were used to examine factors related to learning with hypermedia. Participants, randomly assigned to either the No Scaffolding (NS) condition or Conceptual Scaffolding (CS) condition, were given 30 minutes to learn about the circulatory system with hypermedia. Participants in the NS condition received an overall learning goal during the hypermedia learning task, while participants in the CS condition received five guiding questions in addition to the same overall learning goal during the hypermedia learning task. There are four findings from this study. First, results from the pretest and posttest indicated that prior domain knowledge significantly predicted both declarative and conceptual knowledge learning outcomes with hypermedia. Second, results from the self-report selfefficacy questionnaire indicated that while self-efficacy significantly fluctuated during learning, the provision of conceptual scaffolds was not related to this fluctuation. Third, results from a think-aloud protocol indicated that self-efficacy significantly predicted monitoring and planning processes, but not strategy use during the hypermedia learning task. Fourth, results from a think-aloud protocol also indicated that self-regulatory processes (particularly processes related to monitoring) significantly predicted conceptual and declarative learning outcomes. Educational and scientific implications are discussed. LEARNING WITH HYPERMEDIA: EXAMINING COGNITIVE, MOTIVATIONAL, AND CONTEXTUAL FACTORS by Daniel Charles Moos Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2007 Advisory Committee: Associate Professor Roger Azevedo, Chair/Advisor Professor William Holliday Professor Robert Mislevy Assistant Professor Min Wang Professor Allan Wigfield
Delay fault models and test generation for random logic sequential circuits

The authors study the problem of delay fault modeling and test generation for any random logic sequential circuit. The proposed test generation method, based on transition and hazard states of signals, is applicable to any sequential circuit of either non-scan, scan or scan-hold type of design. Three fault models based on different initial state assumptions during the propagation of the fault effect to a primary output are proposed and analyzed using the proposed delay fault test generation method. A novel thirteen-value algebra is considered to simplify the analysis of robust and nonrobust tests during fault simulation of path delay faults. <<ETX>>
Time-Zone-Aware Traffic Grooming in IP-over-WDM Networks

We present an efficient algorithm to optimize routing and grooming in IP-over-WDM networks where traffic is generated by backbone nodes located in different time zones in a global network. We analyze the performance of our algorithm, called RUTZ (routing using time zones), according to the cost and link utilization as well as observed significant improvements compared to traditional grooming approaches. The cost gain and link utilization in RUTZ gets closer to the dynamic on-demand cost assignment method which adjusts the provisioned bandwidth according to user demands on an hourly basis. In a global network, the daily traffic profile in a backbone link shifts as the time changes, and the peak and valley move as the sun moves. If time-zone dynamism is predictable, traffic can be groomed and routes can be calculated in an efficient manner without making periodic (e.g., hourly) changes in bandwidth allocation. In this study we present an intelligent routing and grooming algorithm which exploits this dimension of dynamism in IP traffic.
AN IMMUNOLOGICAL AND ELECTROPHORETIC COMPARISON OF THE ANTIBODY TO C POLYSACCHARIDE AND THE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN OF ACUTE PHASE SERUM

1. Studies of the precipitation reaction of C polysaccharide with C protein, and of C polysaccharide with C antibody are reported. The similarity between these two systems in this respect is demonstrated. 2. The differences between C protein and C antibody are emphasized. The differences between this protein and antibodies in general have been reported previously by others. 3. Electrophoretic studies show that C antibody is in the gamma globulin fraction of serum whereas C protein migrates with the alpha1 globulin fraction of acute phase protein.
The Mental Health of the Older Homeless Population: Provider-Perceived Issues Related to Service Provision

In this article I discuss providers of homeless services' perceptions of the mental health needs of individuals who are homeless and aged 50 to 64 as they relate to service provision.1 To accomplish this task, I analyzed fifty-six interviews conducted with providers of homeless services in the city of Chicago. These interviews were completed as part of a larger study conducted in collaboration with the coordinating body of the local homeless service system in an effort to better understand the unique issues affecting the older homeless population and to develop appropriate policy and programmatic responses to these issues. Issues providers most readily point to are important to understand when developing policy and programming because they are likely to represent problems providers most frequently encounter or that providers find to be the most difficult to resolve in their daily work. Qualitative analysis of interviews pointed to six recognizable issues providers were concerned with regarding this older homeless population and mental health, including: (1) specific mental health problems, (2) specific mental health subpopulations, (3) substance use/abuse, (4) therapeutic needs, (5) medication management, and (6) outreach and active engagement. Based on this analysis, policy and programmatic suggestions for the homeless service system are discussed.
La procédure d'investissement en pratique: l'impossible contrôle?

The procedures used for the presentation and review of industrial investment projects constitute hthe management control of investments. They provide a framework for decision and thus aim to avoid errors with regard to the profit and cost aspects of the proposed investment. A longitudinal study in the French aluminum sector shows that, even if the effectiveness of the procedures is doubtful, their existence remains unchallenged over time.
Believing is Seeing

This article argues that ordinary and mundane everyday life myths are the products of co-constructed meanings. It examines how images that students garner from the media may shape their views of everyday experiences in subtle and often pervasive ways. The myth of dangerous college drinking as a pervasive social norm is examined as a case in point. Despite the reality that most college students do not drink dangerously, news reports, media images, and extraordinary experiences converge to create a misperception of drinking as the norm. This article uses a classical metaphor of image and reality to discuss these issues.
Image categorization combining neighborhood methods and boosting

We describe an efficient and scalable system for automatic image categorization. Our approach seeks to marry scalable "model-free" neighborhood-based annotation with accurate boosting-based per-tag modeling. For accelerated neighborhood-based classification, we use a set of spatial data structures as weak classifiers for an arbitrary number of categories. We employ standard edge and color features and an approximation scheme that scales to large training sets. The weak classifier outputs are combined in a tag-dependent fashion via boosting to improve accuracy. The method performs competitively with standard SVM-based per-tag classification with substantially reduced computational requirements. We present multi-label image annotation experiments using data sets of more than two million photos.
Analysis of Interrupt Coalescing Schemes for Receive-Livelock Problem in Gigabit Ethernet Network Hosts

Interrupt coalescing (IC) technique has been used in general-purpose operating systems to mitigate receive livelock (RL) problem in gigabit Ethernet network hosts. Schemes for dynamically tuning the interrupt coalescing behavior of a communication interface based on traffic load or system state have been proposed. However, all the existing IC schemes are designed using heuristics. In this paper we present an analytical model for the IC technique and carry out a detailed study of existing IC schemes in terms of their performance characteristics including system goodput, CPU consumption and latency. We validate our analysis through measurement-based experiments.
A RESPOSTA DA PERÇEPÇÃO SUBJETIVA DO ESFORÇO DURANTE O EXERCÍCIO RESISTIDO É DEPENDENTE DO TIPO DE AÇÃO MUSCULAR

The objective of the present study was to verify the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) response to different muscle actions during the bench press exercise (BP). Eight voluntary were submitted to the following measurements: a) anthropometric measures, b) maximal voluntary contraction (1RM) in the BP, c) eight repetitions doing either eccentric (AE), concentric (AC) or combined actions (ACB), at an intensity correspondent to 90% 1RM test. After each of these sessions the RPE was measured through the OMNI-scale (0-10). The RPE during AE (6 ± 1) was statistically lower than AC (10 ± 1) and ACB (10 ± 0) (p 0.05). These results indicate that the RPE during resistance exercise is action-dependent, because possibly the AE results in lower neural, mechanic and metabolic when compared to AC and ACB.
CoCheck: checkpointing and process migration for MPI

Checkpointing of parallel applications can be used as the core technology to provide process migration. Both checkpointing and migration, are an important issue for parallel applications on networks of workstations. The CoCheck environment which we present in this paper introduces a new approach to provide checkpointing and migration for parallel applications. CoCheck sits on top of the message passing library and achieves consistency at a level above the message passing system. It uses an existing single process checkpointer which is available for a wide range of systems. Hence, CoCheck can be easily adapted to both, different message passing systems and new machines.
Uridine-Ribohydrolase Is a Key Regulator in the Uridine Degradation Pathway of Arabidopsis[W]

Nucleoside degradation and salvage are important metabolic pathways but hardly understood in plants. Recent work on human pathogenic protozoans like Leishmania and Trypanosoma substantiates an essential function of nucleosidase activity. Plant nucleosidases are related to those from protozoans and connect the pathways of nucleoside degradation and salvage. Here, we describe the cloning of such an enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana, Uridine-Ribohydrolase 1 (URH1) and the characterization by complementation of a yeast mutant. Furthermore, URH1 was synthesized as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. The pure recombinant protein exhibited highest hydrolase activity for uridine, followed by inosine and adenosine, the corresponding Km values were 0.8, 1.4, and 0.7 mM, respectively. In addition, URH1 was able to cleave the cytokinin derivative isopentenyladenine-riboside. Promoter β-glucuronidase fusion studies revealed that URH1 is mainly transcribed in the vascular cells of roots and in root tips, guard cells, and pollen. Mutants expressing the Arabidopsis enzyme or the homolog from rice (Oryza sativa) exhibit resistance toward toxic fluorouridine, fluorouracil, and fluoroorotic acid, providing clear evidence for a pivotal function of URH1 as regulative in pyrimidine degradation. Moreover, mutants with increased and decreased nucleosidase activity are delayed in germination, indicating that this enzyme activity must be well balanced in the early phase of plant development.
Psychiatric symptoms in self-poisoning patients

Synopsis Self-poisoning patients admitted to hospital were studied for persistence of psychiatric symptoms over a 3-month period and evaluated at 3 points in time with the General Health Questionnaire and the Present State Examination. Symptoms were identified which had a high or low prevalence at 3-month follow-up. GHQ and PSE scores correlated at 0·8. The implications of the study are discussed, particularly the earlier need for out-patient help in those who had a moderate or high number of symptoms at initial interview.
Journal of Experimental Pharmacology Dovepress Investigational New Drugs in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a Review

The unraveling of the immuno-pathobiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the past three decades has ushered in a new era of translational medicine. The biotechnology revolution has resulted in a paradigm shift in how clinicians view and treat IBD. Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α strategies using infliximab and adalimumab currently dominate the therapeutic arena. Better understanding of how these biologicals work is driving the quest for loftier therapeutic goals of achieving mucosal healing, sustaining deep remission, and even modifying the natural history of IBD. However, not all patients respond to anti-TNF drugs. Immune-mediated adverse reactions and loss of efficacy with time also limit their use. There are many investigational drugs undergoing active clinical trials. Many have not fulfilled their early promises but some are potentially making the transition from bench to trial and to the bedside in the near future. Clinicians and investigators need to underpin our excitement with caution for the unknown long-term consequences of modulating cytokines and selective adhesion molecules in human. Here we provide an overview of investigational new drugs and other therapeutic strategies currently undergoing clinical trials in IBD.