Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study Landslide Distribution With Using of Morphotectonic Indices in izeh-behbahan Catchment

Landslide Most often to depends on Morphotectonic indices.they are applicable tools to find out seimotectonic, probability estimation, and seismic planning of an area. Landslides events are the most common natural threats that have been recorded in the Iran. landslide hazard zonation planning is required for the sustainable management plan. Therefore, application of morphotectonic indices to estimate landslide risk in the selected area was the aim of this research. The selected area comprises seven sub catchments at the south west of Iran which historically has experienced several earthquakes ranging between 2.5 to 6.5 magnitudes in the Richter scale. Morphological indices such as river length– gradient index (SL), the catchment, drainage basin asymmetry (AF), transverse topographic symmetry (TP), factor hypsometric integral (HI) and index of drainage basin shape (BS) were applied for seismic planning of study area. As a result, different index was converted to the tectonic activity index (IAT) in the three categories. Besides, the resultant morph tectonic zoning map was compared with landslide risk event , and calculated showed that A good correlation between morphotectonic indices and landslide risk event map was demonstrated in this study.
An Advanced RFI Mitigation Scheme for Phase Synchronization of Bistatic SAR Based on Blind Source Separation

This article proposes an advanced radio frequency interference (RFI) mitigation scheme for the phase synchronization of the bistatic synthetic aperture radar (BiSAR) system based on the blind source separation (BSS) technique, by which narrowband and wideband RFI can be suppressed significantly. First, the RFI signal model is built up, and the impact of the RFI on the phase synchronization is analyzed accordingly. Second, a phase synchronization system with multiple receiving channels and the corresponding blind-identification diversity (BID) method are proposed to separate the synchronization signal from the contaminated data with less signal loss. In BID, a novel peak detection algorithm is presented to solve the inherent ambiguity of the BSS. Finally, the simulation and experimental results based on the BiSAR system LuTan-1 are presented to validate the advantages of the proposed scheme.
Context effects on the perception of saturation of fruit colors in still-life paintings

Still-life painters, especially of the so-called Golden Age (17th century) in the Netherlands, are famous for their masterful techniques of rendering reality. Their amazing abilities to depict different material properties of fruits and flowers are stunning. But how important are these careful arrangements of different objects for the perception of an individual item? Is the perceived color saturation of a single fruit influenced by its surrounding context? We selected fruits in still-life paintings as stimuli to investigate whether and how perceived saturations of fruits were affected by their original contexts. In our study, we focused especially on effects of five context properties: complementary colors, chromatic and luminance contrast, object overlap, and surround variance. Six fruit varieties depicted in high-quality digital reproductions of 48 classic and eight varieties in 64 more recent, modern still-life paintings were selected. In a single trial, eight images of fruits of the same variety appeared on a neutral gray background; half were single fruit cutouts, and the other half were the same fruits embedded in their circular contexts. Fifteen participants ranked all eight images according to perceived color saturations of the fruits. Saturation ratings showed a high agreement of 77%. Surrounding contexts led to an increase in perceived saturation of central fruits. This effect was mainly driven by object overlap, the presence of the central fruit type also in the context, and surround variance. Chroma contrast between fruits and contexts decreased saturation significantly. No significant context effects were found for complementary colors or luminance contrast. Our results show that in paintings, many of the cues that are usually experimentally isolated occur in interesting combinations and lead to an increase in perceived saturation that makes fruit objects more appealing and convincing.
Nurses’ Psychological Trauma and Cognitive Control in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses have faced various nurse-specific traumas in their workplaces, but there is limited understanding of the resulting outcomes and factors that contribute to them. Objective To address this gap, the study employed the middle-range theory of nurses’ psychological trauma (NPT) to examine these relationships among frontline nurses working in critical care areas. Methods In a quantitative cross-sectional study, the study compared nurses identified as probable cases of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with those identified as not probable cases. The study investigated the nurse-specific traumas they experienced, their individual personality traits, and the buffers they possessed. The study also sought to identify specific types of nurse-specific traumas that could be associated with negative outcomes, such as alcohol and drug use. Results It was found that PTSD-probable nurses reported higher levels of trauma from disasters and system/medically induced trauma compared to not-probable nurses. They also experienced more nonwork-related humankind traumas and displayed lower resilience. Furthermore, PTSD-probable nurses identified with trait urgency and trait avoidance motivation. Additionally, trauma from disasters was associated with alcohol use. Conclusion The study highlights the elevated levels of trauma, lower resilience, and specific psychological traits associated with PTSD-probable nurses, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and support to mitigate the negative outcomes experienced by frontline nurses.
DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS FOR HIGH MOUNTAINS

A definition of the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is presented and the increasing practical importance of DMTs is emphasized. The paper then describes the methods of DMT data acquisition, the generation of a continuous DMT from the primary data as well as the derivation of perspective views, terrain profiles, contour lines, slope models, and height difference models from the DMT. Finally, new possibilities, resulting from a combination of DMT and digital image processing, are demonstrated using the mapping of the Vernagtferner glacier in the Austrian Tyrol as an example.
Intranasal dexmedetomidine improves postoperative sleep quality in older patients with chronic insomnia: a randomized double-blind controlled trial

Objective: This study was determined to investigate the impact of intranasal dexmedetomidine (DEX) on postoperative sleep quality in older patients (age over 65) with chronic insomnia during their hospitalization after surgery. Design: A randomized double-blind controlled trial was conducted to compare the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine spray with a placebo group. Setting and Participants: The study was carried out at Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. 110 participants with chronic insomnia were analyzed. Methods: This trial enrolled older patients who underwent total hip/knee arthroplasty and randomized them to receive intranasal dexmedetomidine (2.0 μg/kg) or saline daily at around 9 p.m. after surgery until discharge. The primary outcomes were subjective sleep quality assessed with the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ). The secondary outcomes included the objective sleep quality measured with the Acti-graph, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The other outcomes included the incidence of delirium, levels of inflammatory factors, visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, postoperative opioid consumption, and treatment-related adverse events. Results: 174 patients were screened for eligibility, and 110 were recruited and analyzed. The DEX group had significantly higher scores on both the LSEQ-Getting to sleep and LSEQ-Quality of Sleep at each time point compared to the placebo (p < 0.0001), The least squares (LS) mean difference in LSEQ-GTS score at T0 between placebo group and DEX group was 2 (95% CI, −1–6), p = 0.4071 and at T5 was −14 (95% CI, −17 to −10), p < 0.0001; The LS mean difference in the LSEQ-QOS score at T0 was −1 (95% CI, −4 to 1), p = 0.4821 and at T5 was −16 (95% CI, −21 to −10), p < 0.0001. The DEX group exhibited significant improvement in Total Sleep Time (TST), Sleep Onset Latency (SOL), and Sleep Efficiency (SE), at each time point after treatment compared to the placebo group (p < 0.0001). The PSQI and ISI scores in the DEX group were reduced after treatment (p < 0.001). No significant adverse events were reported with the use of dexmedetomidine. Conclusion and Implications: This study demonstrates that intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine improves postoperative sleep quality in older patients with chronic insomnia who undergo surgery, without increasing the incidence of adverse effects. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.chictr. org.cn/, identifier ChiCTR2200057133
Two new species of Paramunna from the Korean coast of the Sea of Japan (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota: Paramunnidae)

Although a number of papers on coastal marine isopods of Korea has been published, only two of them were dealing with Asellota (Jang & Kwon, 1990; Jang, 1991). The meiobenthic interstitial isopod fauna of this region is still unknown. Dr. E.I. Shornikov (Institute of Marine Biology, Vladivostok) kindly loaned to us a small collection of isopods from the meiobenthos samples of 1997. He collected these together with Dr. E.H. Lee (Korean University, Seoul) along the Japan Sea coast of Korea. A number of new asellota species, including a few Paramunnidae, were found. This paper deals with two new species of Paramunna Sars, 1886. About 25 species of this large genus have been described until now and almost all of them are known from the Southern Hemisphere (Winkler, 1994). Only three species have been found in the Northern Hemisphere: P. bilobata Sars, 1899 and P. typica (Tattersall, 1905) in the Northern Atlantic and P. quadratifrons Iverson & Wilson, 1981 in South California. The latter is the only species recorded from the Northern Pacific. Species described here represent the first record of the genus Paramunna from the Asian coast of the Northern Pacific. Both species have been found in fine sands from a depth of 1-25.5 m. The specimens are deposited in the Museum of the Institute of Marine Biology (MIMB), Vladivostok, Russia. Paramunna shornikovi sp. n. (Figs 1-25)
The Impact of Wearing Different Face Masks on Vigorous Physical Exercise Performance and Perceived Exertion among COVID-19 Infected vs. Uninfected Female Students

Under certain circumstances, masks are an effective and immediate solution to reduce the spread of viral infection. However, the impact of masks on the ability to perform vigorous exercise remains an area of concern. Primarily, this impact has been explored in healthy subjects, yielding contradictory findings, and little is known of it among COVID-19-infected individuals. This study examined the effects of surgical masks, N-95 masks, and unmasked conditions on the performance and perceived exertion (RPE) of infected vs. non-infected young women during high-intensity, repeated sprint exercise (5mSRT). Following a familiarization session, eighty-three (42 COVID-19-previously infected (PIG) and 43 non-infected (NIG)), female participants (age 20.02 ± 1.05 years, BMI 21.07 ± 2.1 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to one of three mask conditions: unmasked, surgical mask, or N95 mask. All participants attended three test sessions (i.e., one session for each mask condition) at least one week apart. At the beginning of each test session, data related to participants’ physical activity (PA) and sleep behaviours during the previous week were collected. In each test session, participants performed the 5mSRT, during which performance indicators (best distance (BD), total distance (TD), fatigue index (FI) and percentage decrement (PD)) were collected, along with RPE. ANOVA indicated no significant main effects of Groups and Masks, and no significant interaction for Groups × Masks for BD, FI, PD, RPE and most sleep and PA behaviours (p > 0.05). For TD, the Groups × Mask interaction was significant (p = 0.031 and ƞp2 = 0.042). Posthoc analysis revealed, in the unmasked condition, there was no difference in TD between PIG and NIG (p > 0.05). However, when wearing a surgical mask, PIG covered lower TD compared to NIG (p < 0.05). Additionally, different types of masks did not affect TD in NIG, while PIG performed the worst using the surgical mask (p < 0.05). These results suggest post-COVID-19 individuals can maintain physical fitness through regular exercise (i.e., sport science curricula) in unmasked conditions, but not when wearing a surgical mask. Furthermore, the impact of different types of face masks on physical performance seems to be minimal, particularly in uninfected populations; future research is warranted to further explore this impact in post-COVID conditions.
The Influence of Classroom Size and Window View on Young Children’s Executive Functions and Physiological Responses, Based on VR Technology

Despite the increasing enrollment of young children in childcare institutes, there have been few empirical studies on the effects of spatial elements on their development. This study explored the impact of preschool classroom size (large vs. small) and window view (natural vs. built environment) on young children’s executive functions and physiological stress responses, using cortisol and heart rate variability (HRV) as indicators and employing virtual reality (VR) technology. Out of 144 participants aged 61–85 months, three were excluded due to missing values and outliers. Executive function tests were administered, and saliva samples were collected before and after VR exposure; HRV data were gathered during the experience. ANCOVA results indicated significant improvements in cognitive flexibility, as measured based on the Dimensional Change Card Sorting task, in the large classroom condition, and a marginally significant decrease in visuo-spatial working memory, as measured with the Corsi block task, in the small classroom condition. The classroom size conditions did not significantly differ in cortisol response, but the large classroom condition showed marginally significant HRV indices, suggesting increased relaxation. No significant effects on executive functions or physiological responses were found in either window view condition. Overall, the findings suggest that classroom size may influence young children’s cognitive flexibility.
Design of an MRI Compatible Steerable Guide for MRI-Guided Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) may generate precise ablative lesions under real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the treatment of epilepsy and brain tumors. The Visualase Thermal Therapy System (Medtronic, Inc, MN, USA) is a minimally-invasive LITT platform that delivers laser light through a fiber-optic cable ensheathed in a cooling catheter. Currently, the system may create ablation lesions of a 1cm sphere along a linear trajectory. However, lesions larger than 1cm in diameter, small irregularly shaped lesions, or targets surrounded by critical structures may require multiple probe placements for complete treatment. In this paper, the design and prototype of a novel ‘Steerable Guide for the Visualase LITT system’ is presented. The system enables deployment of the laser fiber along a controlled curved trajectory and may treat lesions up to 5cm in diameter through a single insertion. Catheter insertion experiments were performed in tissue-mimicking phantoms to investigate the safety and accuracy of system. The system was able to achieve a curved trajectory with up to 25 mm tip displacement and allowed the optical fiber to be inserted along the curved trajectory. The average and standard deviation of tip position error between predicted and actual position was 0.33mm and 0.22mm, respectively.
Object-based inhibition of return in three-dimensional space: From simple drawings to real objects

Cued to an object in space, inhibition of the attended location can spread to the entire object. Although object-based inhibition of return (IOR) studies in a two-dimensional plane have been documented, the IOR has not been explored when objects cross depth in three-dimensional (3D) space. In the present study, we used a virtual reality technique to adapt the double-rectangle paradigm to a 3D space, and manipulated the cue validity and target location to examine the difference in object-based IOR between far and near spaces under different object representations. The study showed that the object-based IOR of simple drawings existed only in near space, whereas object-based IOR of real objects existed only in far space at first, and as the object similarity decreases, it appeared in both far and near spaces.
Estimating the Economic Value of Temporary and Permanent Carbon Sequestration Activities on Agricultural Land

This paper estimates the value of carbon from soil sequestration and emission reductions from setting aside highly erodible land. Increases in soil carbon are estimated using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change soil organic carbon inventory method and NRI data. Emission reductions are estimated using fuel use data from USDA-ERS.
INVESTIGATING KURDISH EFL STUDENT’S TRANSLATION OF METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIONS AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL

The current study is an extracted paper from an MA thesis that relates to exploring the ability of Kurdish undergraduate students of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) to translate English metaphorical expressions into Kurdish Language and vice versa. Furthermore, it aims to highlight the most frequently applied strategies in translating English and Kurdish metaphorical expressions and the challenges that EFL students encounter in their translations. The study adopts three models: Lakoff and Jonson (1980), Larson (1984), and Farahzad (1992). Based on these models, a test is administered to 143 students to gather the quantitative data. Additionally, a semi-structured interview was conducted with six university lecturers to collect the qualitative data. The results show that the ability of Kurdish EFL students at the Colleges of Basic Education/English Department to translate English and Kurdish metaphorical expressions is very low and minimal. Moreover, the most frequently applied strategies are metaphor to another metaphor with the same meaning and transference of meaning without the metaphorical image for Kurdish and English metaphorical expressions, respectively. It also reveals that the majority of the students have difficulty in translating ontological types of metaphorical expressions, and the inability to find appropriate or near-like equivalents, insufficient Kurdish resources and cultural differences between the source and target languages are challenges that EFL university students face in their translations.
The scatter of time-delays in shear-wave splitting above small earthquakes

SUMMARY Measurements of time-delays in seismic shear-wave splitting above small earthquakes typically display a scatter of often as much as ±80 per cent about the mean. Changes in the average timedelay appear to be related to changes of stress, but applications of this potentially powerful tool have been handicapped by the previously inexplicable scatter in time-delays above earthquakes. In contrast, measurements of shear-wave time-delays in controlled-source exploration seismics are typically well controlled and display little scatter. Previous estimates of possible causes of scatter cannot produce sufficient variation specifically above earthquakes. Here we show that 90 ◦ -flips in shear-wave polarizations due to fluctuating high pore-fluid pressures on seismicallyactive fault planes are the most likely cause of the scatter.
Regional evapotranspiration rate of oasis and surrounding desert

The surface energy balance algorithm for land method was used in this study to calculate the evapotranspiration (ET) rate for the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin, Gansu Province, China, to analyse ET distribution within the oasis and the surrounding desert and, especially, on the edge zone of the oasis. Five profile graphs were created vertical to the river. Because of the inverse humidity phenomenon, the least amount of evapotranspiration occurred on the desert close to the oasis. The average evapotranspiration rate was roughly proportioned from the edge of the oasis to inside and outside its boundary. Two meteorological ground stations located close to the oasis edge showed a notable difference in net radiation flux that led to the difference found in ET. The primary reason for the significant differences observed in net radiation may be largely the result of differences in flux reflectivity and surface temperature. Meteorological data show that water supply also played an important role. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fourier-autoregressive (F-AR) coefficient non-linear time-series model for forecasting asymmetric cyclical data

The aim of this study was to apply Fourier autoregressive (F-AR) model to describe and forecast asymmetric cyclical data. For carrying out statistical analysis, computer programs were developed using SAS, Ver. 9.2 software package. Twentysix years (1985–2010) quarterly oil sardine fish landings data (in tonnes) recorded at Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, India were used. Superiority of F- AR model over AR model was demonstrated by developing one-step ahead forecasts for two years’ hold-out data. Its potential use is to develop optimal import and export policies for Oil sardines. This type of information would also go a long way in enabling the Fishing industry in optimization of its resources. Efficient Oil sardine management strategies need to be evolved in order to allocate optimum number of boats and trawlers, etc.
INCLUSIVITY IN MOBILE SHOPPING APPS: AN EMPHASIS ON LEARNABILITY CHECKLISTS IN CONDUCTING A HEURISTIC EVALUATION

Studies on heuristic evaluation of mobile applications have been an emerging domain. However, existing checklists are too general and unable to clearly define the measurements for evaluating mobile shopping applications. This paper proposes suitable heuristics under the learnability measure for a checklist in conducting heuristic evaluation in supporting the inclusivity of a mobile shopping application. This study was conducted in two phases: generate the learnability measures based on heuristics and sub-heuristics from content analysis and verify the proposed heuristic evaluation checklist from the learnability measures through expert reviews. As a result, a verified Learnability checklist consisting of three heuristics was selected: recognition rather than recall, user control and freedom and match between the system and the real world. For each heuristic, suitable sub-heuristics and evaluation questions were identified. Through the learnability checklist, usability experts and analysts can consistently perform their evaluation during heuristics evaluation on other mobile shopping apps. This is to ensure that the apps have all relevant features that enhance the learning ability of their users, using the apps confidently and proficiently, providing their contentment in every usage scenario.