Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Substrate-integrated planar discrete lens antenna for compact millimeter-wave transceiver module

A new topology of high-gain fixed-beam substrate-integrated planar antenna for packaged millimeter-wave transceiver modules is presented. It is based on a discrete planar lens antenna integrated on a thick dielectric substrate and illuminated by a focal source antenna placed on the opposite face of the substrate. The main objective of this architecture is to significantly enhance the integration of millimeter-wave transceiver modules with high-gain in-package antennas while using cost-effective technologies and fabrication processes. The concept is demonstrated through the design of a linearly-polarized discrete-lens antenna operating at V band with a simulated gain of 18.1 dBi at 60 GHz and a 3-dB gain bandwidth of 24.4% (54–69 GHz).
Role play dialogue topic model for language model adaptation in multi-party conversation speech recognition

This paper introduces an unsupervised language model adaptation technique for multi-party conversation speech recognition. The use of topic models provides one of the most accurate frameworks for unsupervised language model adaptation since they can inject long-range topic information into language models. However, conventional topic models are not suitable for multi-party conversation because they assume that each speech set has each different topic. In a multi-party conversation, each speaker will share the same conversation topic and each speaker utterance will depend on both topic and speaker role. Accordingly, this paper proposes new concept of the “role play dialogue topic model” to utilize multiparty conversation attributes. The proposed topic model can share the topic distribution among each speaker and can also consider both topic and speaker role. The proposed topic model based adaptation realizes a new framework that sets multiple recognition hypotheses for each speaker and simultaneously adapts a language model for each speaker role. We use a call center dialogue data set in speech recognition experiments to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Normal Forms and Conservative Extension Properties for Query Languages over Collection Types

Strong normalization results are obtained for a general language for collection types. An induced normal form for sets and bags is then used to show that the class of functions whose input has height (that is, the maximal depth of nestings of sets/bags/lists in the complex object) at mostiand output has height at mostodefinable in a nested relational query language withoutpowersetoperator isindependentof the height of intermediate expressions used. Our proof holds regardless of whether the language is used for querying sets, bags, or lists, even in the presence of variant types. Moreover, the normal forms are useful in a general approach to query optimization. Paredaens and Van Gucht (ACM Trans on Database Systems17, No.? 1 (1992), 65? 93), proved a similar result for the special case wheni=o=1. Their result is complemented by Hull and Su (J. Comput. Systems Sci.43(1991), 219? 261) who demonstrated the failure of independence when powerset operator is present andi=o=1. The theorem of Hull and Su was generalized to alliandoby Grumbach and Vianu (in“Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Database Theory,” Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol.? 470, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990). Our result generalizes Paredaens and Van Gucht's to alliando, providing a counterpart to the theorem of Grumbach and Vianu.
Retinal damage by light in rats.

The retina of laboratory rats is affected irreversibly by intense light applied for less than 1 hour or for up to 2 days depending upon experimental conditions. Exposure of unanesthetized and unrestrained animals was in chambers surrounded by a green filter and circular fluorescent lamps of a nominal brightness of 2,040 footlamberts. Eyes of anesthetized animals were exposed diffusely to either the light from a 100 to. zirconium arc passing through filters or monochromatic light of various icavelengths. Irreversible reduction in ERG amplitudes and degeneration of visual cells and pigment epithelium indicated the severity of the light damage. The effect was very dependent upon the body (eye) temperature during exposure. Hyperthermia greatly accelerated and intensified the damaging action of light and for this reason most experiments reported in this paper were performed at a high body temperature. At a body temperature around 104° F. severe damage teas produced with exposures to 5 to 10 iiw per square centimeter retina for 1 hour. The minimal damaging dose at a high temperature was estimated to be about 1 ixw per square centimeter. The action spectrum~of the daviaging effect approximated that of visual excitation as measured by the ERG. Hooded (pigmented) animals were no more affected than albinos of different strains. Recovery in the dark from a just subliminally damaging dose of light at a high body temperature required about 24 hours and was preceded by a period of time during ichich the retina was "sensitized" to an additional dose. During or following exposure to light at a high body temperature visual cell and pigmentepithelial_damage developedTabout simultaneouslu and was first indicated bit pyknosis Trncl cell swelling followed rapidly by the dissolution of nuclei and cytoplasm. The crucial reaction in producing the damage is considered a "dark-reaction" initiated by light of an -inte7isiiTj_ which bleaches measurably rhodopsin. Hypotheses on the reaction sequence which 'leads to damage are briefly discussed.
Interlacing Self-Localization, Moving Object Tracking and Mapping for 3D Range Sensors

This work presents a solution for autonomous vehicles to detect arbitrary moving traffic participants and to precisely determine the motion of the vehicle. The solution is based on three-dimensional images captured with modern range sensors like e.g. high-resolution laser scanners. As result, objects are tracked and a detailed 3D model is built for each object and for the static environment. The performance is demonstrated in challenging urban environments that contain many different objects.
The Gut of Geographically Disparate Ciona intestinalis Harbors a Core Microbiota

It is now widely understood that all animals engage in complex interactions with bacteria (or microbes) throughout their various life stages. This ancient exchange can involve cooperation and has resulted in a wide range of evolved host-microbial interdependencies, including those observed in the gut. Ciona intestinalis, a filter-feeding basal chordate and classic developmental model that can be experimentally manipulated, is being employed to help define these relationships. Ciona larvae are first exposed internally to microbes upon the initiation of feeding in metamorphosed individuals; however, whether or not these microbes subsequently colonize the gut and whether or not Ciona forms relationships with specific bacteria in the gut remains unknown. In this report, we show that the Ciona gut not only is colonized by a complex community of bacteria, but also that samples from three geographically isolated populations reveal striking similarity in abundant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) consistent with the selection of a core community by the gut ecosystem.
Segregation of Odor Identity and Intensity during Odor Discrimination in Drosophila Mushroom Body

Molecular and cellular studies have begun to unravel a neurobiological basis of olfactory processing, which appears conserved among vertebrate and invertebrate species. Studies have shown clearly that experience-dependent coding of odor identity occurs in “associative” olfactory centers (the piriform cortex in mammals and the mushroom body [MB] in insects). What remains unclear, however, is whether associative centers also mediate innate (spontaneous) odor discrimination and how ongoing experience modifies odor discrimination. Here we show in naïve flies that Gαq-mediated signaling in MB modulates spontaneous discrimination of odor identity but not odor intensity (concentration). In contrast, experience-dependent modification (conditioning) of both odor identity and intensity occurs in MB exclusively via Gαs-mediated signaling. Our data suggest that spontaneous responses to odor identity and odor intensity discrimination are segregated at the MB level, and neural activity from MB further modulates olfactory processing by experience-independent Gαq-dependent encoding of odor identity and by experience-induced Gαs-dependent encoding of odor intensity and identity.
Very low voltage CMOS two-stage amplifier

A minimum-supply rail-to-rail differential stage architecture is presented. It exhibits easy cascading features and unlike previous similar solutions does not critically affect CMRR. Starting from this block, a fully-differential two-stage amplifier is designed using 0.7-V supply in a 130-nm CMOS technology. Simulations show a 47-dB dc differential gain with a gain-bandwidth product of 700 MHz, and 70-dB CMRR at dc, under a total nominal current consumption lower than 2 mA.
Analysis and mitigation of process variation impacts on Power-Attack Tolerance

Embedded cryptosystems show increased vulnerabilities to implementation attacks such as power analysis. CMOS technology trends are causing increased process variations which impact the data-dependent power of deep submicron cryptosystem designs. In this paper, we use Monte Carlo methods in SPICE circuit simulations to analyze the statistical properties of the data-dependent power with predictive 45nm CMOS device and ITRS process variation models. In addition to the “measurement to disclosure” (MTD) used in [3], we define a lower level metric, Power-Attack Tolerance (PAT), to model both dynamic power and leakage power data-dependence. We show that the PAT of a typical cryptographic component implementation using CMOS standard-cells can significantly deteriorate due to process variations, thus increasing the component's vulnerability to power attacks. Power-attack-resistant logic styles (e.g. SABL [9]) have been developed which increase PAT by an order of magnitude by balancing power consumption at the gate level with considerable overhead. However in the presence of process variations, the degradation probability of MTD is 57%. To mitigate this problem, we demonstrate a transistor sizing optimization method that can reduce such negative impacts to only 18% with minimal power and area overhead.
Cranial bone histology of Metoposaurus krasiejowensis (Amphibia, Temnospondyli) from the Late Triassic of Poland

In this study, 21 skull bones of Metoposaurus krasiejowensis from the Late Triassic of Poland were investigated histologically. Dermal bones show a diploë structure, with an ornamented external surface. The ridges consist of mostly well vascularized parallel-fibered bone; the valleys are built of an avascular layer of lamellar bone. The thick middle region consists of cancellous bone, with varying porosity. The thin and less vascularized internal cortex consists of parallel-fibered bone. The numerous Sharpey’s fibers and ISF are present in all bones. The cyclicity of growth is manifested as an alternation of thick, avascular annuli and high vascularized zones as well as a sequence of resting lines. The detailed histological framework of dermal bones varies even within a single bone; this seems to be related to the local biomechanical loading of the particular part of the skull. The dynamic processes observed during the ornamentation creation indicate that the positions of the ridges and grooves change during growth and could be a specific adaptation to changing biomechanical conditions and stress distribution during bone development. In the supratemporal, the cementing lines show that the remodeling process could be involved in the creations of sculpture. The common occurrence of ISF suggests that metaplastic ossification plays an important role during cranial development. Endochondral bones preserved the numerous remains of calcified cartilage. This indicates that ossification follows a pattern known for stereospondyl intercentra, with relatively slow ossification of the trabecular part and late development of the periosteal cortex. The large accumulation of Sharpey’s fibers in the occipital condyles indicates the presence of strong muscles and ligaments connecting the skull to the vertebral column.
Mechanism of Glibenclamide Inhibition of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Cl− Channels Expressed in a Murine Cell Line

1 The sulphonylurea drug glibenclamide is a widely used inhibitor of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). To investigate how glibenclamide inhibits CFTR, we studied CFTR Cl− channels using excised inside‐out membrane patches from cells expressing wild‐type human CFTR. 2 Addition of glibenclamide (10–100 μM) to the intracellular solution caused a concentration‐dependent decrease in the open time of CFTR Cl− channels, but closed times did not change. This suggests that glibenclamide is an open‐channel blocker of CFTR. 3 Glibenclamide is a weak organic acid. Acidification of the intracellular solution relieved glibenclamide inhibition of CFTR, suggesting that the anionic form of glibenclamide inhibits CFTR. 4 To begin to identify the glibenclamide binding site in CFTR, we investigated whether glibenclamide competes with either MgATP or Cl− ions for a common binding site. Glibenclamide inhibition of CFTR was unaffected by nucleotide‐dependent stimulation of CFTR, suggesting that glibenclamide and intracellular MgATP interact with CFTR at distinct sites. 5 Glibenclamide inhibition of CFTR was voltage dependent and enhanced when the external Cl− concentration was decreased. The data suggest that glibenclamide and Cl− ions may compete for a common binding site located within a large intracellular vestibule that is part of the CFTR pore.
Observing Users to Validate Models ( Extended Abstract )

User models serve two purposes: to help us understand users, and hence determine how to supply them with effective search services; and as a framework against which to evaluate the quality of those services once they have been developed. In this extended abstract we describe an experiment we have undertaken in which we observe user behaviours, and try to determine whether these behaviours can be connected to search quality metrics via an existing or novel user model. We provide summary evidence that suggests that the answer is a qualified “yes”.
An Online Inventory and Analysis of Woody Plants on SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Campus

The main objective of this study was to catalogue the woody plants on SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry's (SUNY-ESF) main campus and to create public access to this knowledge using the iNaturalist website. To do so, I conducted several surveys of trees and shrubs in the fall of 2014. I transferred information about the woody plants to iNaturalist, an interactive web-based platform open to public data entry and used to display species observations on an online map, while providing taxonomic information about each species. l also recorded the native, introduced, or invasive status of each plant as well as the human use of a plant when applicable on the site. After the completion of the iNaturalist site, I analyzed how the campus could be improved with regard to the native or invasive status of many of the species and how to encourage more biodiversity on campus. My target audience is all members of the SUNY-ESF community as well as the public. The iNaturalist project will be embedded on a SUNY-ESF webpage where anyone can access it on a laptop or mobile device and will be able to use this site as a way to educate others and interact with our landscape. I hope this project will encourage thought about our campus, what grows on it and how it could be better utilized. Table of
Improving Topic Classification for Highly Inflective Languages

Despite the existence of many effective methods to solve topic classification tasks for such widely used languages as English, there is no clear answer whether these methods are suitable for languages that are substantially different. We attempt to solve a topic classification task for Lithuanian, a relatively resource-scarce language that is highly inflective, has a rich vocabulary, and a complex word derivation system. We show that classification performance is significantly higher when the inflective character of the language is taken into account by using character ngrams as opposed to the more common bag-of-words approach. These results are not only promising for Lithuanian, but also for other languages with similar properties. We show that the performance of classifiers based on character n-grams even surpasses that of classifiers built on stemmed or lemmatized text. This indicates that topic classification is possible even for languages for which automatic grammatical tools are not available. TITLE AND ABSTRACT IN LITHUANIAN Klasifikavimo į temas gerinimas stipriai kaitomoms kalboms Nepaisant to, jog tokioms placiai naudojamoms kalboms kaip anglų yra sukurta daug efektyvių metodų, sprendžiancių klasifikavimo į temas uždavinius, neaisku ar sie metodai yra tinkami visiskai skirtingoms kalboms. Siekiame isspresti klasifikavimo į temas uždavinį gana mažai isteklių sioje srityje turinciai lietuvių kalbai, kuri yra stipriai kaitoma, turi turtingą žodyną, sudėtingą žodžių darybos sistemą. Pademonstruosime, kad galima pasiekti ženkliai geresnius klasifikavimo rezultatus, kuomet atsižvelgiama į kaitomą kalbos pobūdį: naudojamos simbolių ngmamos vietoj labiau įprasto žodžių rinkinio. Gauti rezultatai perspektyvūs ne tik lietuvių kalbai, bet taip pat ir kitoms, panasiomis savybėmis pasižymincioms, kalboms. Pademonstruosime, kad klasifikatorių, naudojancių simbolių n-gramas veikimas netgi efektyvesnis, palyginus su klasifikatoriais, naudojanciais į žodžių kamienus arba lemas transformuotą tekstą. O tai reiskia, kad sį klasifikavimo į temas metodą galima taikyti netgi toms kalboms, kurios neturi specializuotų automatinių gramatinių įrankių.
A GIScience Perspective on the Uncertainty of Context

Geographers have long sought to understand and explain geographic phenomena through their dependence on the properties of site and situation. Yet the characterization of situation or context is fraught with numerous forms of uncertainty, related to data, the selection of situation variables, the geographic scale and extent of context, and the concept of context itself. Research into the uncertainties of geographic information has advanced substantially over the past three decades. New geographic information system techniques are becoming available that allow greater freedom to hypothesize about scale and extent, and new creative approaches to privacy protection might allow greater access in the future to fine-resolution data.
Phonological Abstraction in Processing Lexical-Tone Variation: Evidence From a Learning Paradigm

There is a growing consensus that the mental lexicon contains both abstract and word-specific acoustic information. To investigate their relative importance for word recognition, we tested to what extent perceptual learning is word specific or generalizable to other words. In an exposure phase, participants were divided into two groups; each group was semantically biased to interpret an ambiguous Mandarin tone contour as either tone1 or tone2. In a subsequent test phase, the perception of ambiguous contours was dependent on the exposure phase: Participants who heard ambiguous contours as tone1 during exposure were more likely to perceive ambiguous contours as tone1 than participants who heard ambiguous contours as tone2 during exposure. This learning effect was only slightly larger for previously encountered than for not previously encountered words. The results speak for an architecture with prelexical analysis of phonological categories to achieve both lexical access and episodic storage of exemplars.
Macro-programming Wireless Sensor Networks using

The literature on programming sensor networks has, by and large, focused on providing higher-level abstractions for expressing local node behavior. Kairos is a natural next step in sensor network programming in that it allows the programmer to express, in a centralized fashion, the desired global behavior of a distributed computation on the entire sensor network. Kairos’ compile-time and runtime subsystems expose a small set of programming primitives, while hiding from the programmer the details of distributed code generation and instantiation, remote data access and management, and inter-node program flow coordination. Kairos’ runtime is greatly simplified by assuming eventual consistency in node state; this assumption underlies many practical distributed computations proposed for sensor networks. In this paper, we describe Kairos’ programming model, and the flexibility and robustness it affords programmers. We demonstrate its suitability, through actual implementation, for a variety of distributed programs— both infrastructure services and signal processing tasks—typically encountered in sensor network literature: routing tree construction, localization, and object tracking. Our experimental results suggest that Kairos does not adversely affect the performance or accuracy of distributed programs, while our implementation experiences suggest that it greatly raises the level of abstraction presented to the programmer.
Group decisions in humans and animals: a survey

Humans routinely make many decisions collectively, whether they choose a restaurant with friends, elect political leaders or decide actions to tackle international problems, such as climate change, that affect the future of the whole planet. We might be less aware of it, but group decisions are just as important to social animals as they are for us. Animal groups have to collectively decide about communal movements, activities, nesting sites and enterprises, such as cooperative breeding or hunting, that crucially affect their survival and reproduction. While human group decisions have been studied for millennia, the study of animal group decisions is relatively young, but is now expanding rapidly. It emerges that group decisions in animals pose many similar questions to those in humans. The purpose of the present issue is to integrate and combine approaches in the social and natural sciences in an area in which theoretical challenges and research questions are often similar, and to introduce each discipline to the other's key ideas, findings and successful methods. In order to make such an introduction as effective as possible, here, we briefly review conceptual similarities and differences between the sciences, and provide a guide to the present issue.
EuroWordNet: a multilingual database for information retrieval

The aim of the EuroWordNet-project is the development of a database with wordnets for English, Spanish, Dutch and Italian, similar to the Princeton WordNet1.5, which contains basic semantic relations between words in English. The Dutch, Italian and Spanish wordnets will be linked to the WordNet1.5 using equivalence relations. The resulting multilingual database can directly be used in (multi-lingual) information retrieval. In this paper the basic characteristics of this database are described as far as relevant to this purpose.