Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MAFIA : E cient and Scalable Subspace Clustering for VeryLarge Data

Clustering techniques are used in database mining for nding interesting patterns in high dimensional data. These are useful in various applications of knowledge discovery in databases. Some challenges in clustering for large data sets in terms of scalability, data distribution, understanding end-results, and sensitivity to input order, have received attention in the recent past. Recent approaches attempt to nd clusters embedded in subspaces of high dimensional data. In this paper we propose the use of adaptive grids for eecient and scalable computation of clusters in subspaces for large data sets and large number of dimensions. The bottom-up algorithm for subspace clustering computes the dense units in all dimensions and combines these to generate the dense units in higher dimensions. Computation is heavily dependent on the choice of the partitioning parameter chosen to partition each dimension into intervals (bins) to be tested for density. The number of bins determines the computation requirements and the quality of the clustering results. Hence, it is important to determine the appropriate size and number of the bins. We present MAFIA, which 1) proposes adaptive grids for fast subspace clustering and 2) introduces a scalable parallel framework on a shared-nothing architecture to handle massive data sets. Performance results on very large data sets and a large number of dimensions show very good results, making an order of magnitude improvement in the computation time over current methods and providing much better quality of clustering.
A Gossip-based Churn Estimator for Large Dynamic Networks

Gossip-based aggregation is an emerging paradigm to perform distributed computations and measurements in a large-scale setting. In this paper we explore the possibility of using gossip-based aggregation to estimate churn in arbitrarily large networks. To this end, we introduce a new model to compute local estimates and formally prove how aggregated values closely match the real churn with high accuracy independently of the network setting. Experimental results confirm the viability of our approach
RoundTripRank: Graph-based proximity with importance and specificity?

Graph-based proximity has many applications with different ranking needs. However, most previous works only stress the sense of importance by finding “popular” results for a query. Often times important results are overly general without being well-tailored to the query, lacking a sense of specificity - which only emerges recently. Even then, the two senses are treated independently, and only combined empirically. In this paper, we generalize the well-studied importance-based random walk into a round trip and develop RoundTripRank, seamlessly integrating specificity and importance in one coherent process. We also recognize the need for a flexible trade-off between the two senses, and further develop RoundTripRank+ based on a scheme of hybrid random surfers. For efficient computation, we start with a basic model that decomposes RoundTripRank into smaller units. For each unit, we apply a novel two-stage bounds updating framework, enabling an online top-K algorithm 2SBound. Finally, our experiments show that RoundTripRank and RoundTripRank+ are robust over various ranking tasks, and 2SBound enables scalable online processing.
Non-invasive Predictors of Human Cortical Bone Mechanical Properties: T2-Discriminated 1H NMR Compared with High Resolution X-ray

Recent advancements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have enabled clinical imaging of human cortical bone, providing a potentially powerful new means for assessing bone health with molecular-scale sensitivities unavailable to conventional X-ray-based diagnostics. To this end, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution X-ray signals from human cortical bone samples were correlated with mechanical properties of bone. Results showed that 1H NMR signals were better predictors of yield stress, peak stress, and pre-yield toughness than were the X-ray derived signals. These 1H NMR signals can, in principle, be extracted from clinical MRI, thus offering the potential for improved clinical assessment of fracture risk.
On the de-embedding of small value millimeter-wave CMOS inductor measurements

In radio frequency integrated circuits using a low resistivity silicon substrate, spiral inductors show advantages in performance and size with respect to transmission lines, even at frequencies as high as 60 GHz. In order to verify simulation results and build accurate models, test inductors need to be fabricated and characterized very accurately. This implies the precise determination of the effective quality factor Qeff and the measurement of the inductance L within a few pico-Henrys. This paper reviews suitable on-chip calibration and deembedding techniques and proposes a technique that uses distributed and lumped elements to model the error two-ports. These elements also take into account the contact impedance. The results obtained by this novel de-embedding approach are compared to results of the other discussed methods and to simulation results. The obtained agreement proves the suitability of the proposed method for characterization of millimeter-wave inductors.
Increasing pagerank through reinforcement learning

This paper describes a reinforcement learning method, derived from collective intelligence principles, for increasing the combined PageRank for a set of domains. This increased rank is achieved through a set of cooperating reinforcement learners that learn, through exploration, how to add links within the set of domains. We show how reinforcement learners using traditional reward functions perform very poorly at this task. However, reinforcement learners that use rewards based on collective intelligence can achieve good results. The reinforcement learners have an advantage over standard optimization methods in that they can learn with highly non-linear constraints. Additionally we demonstrate that reinforcement learners are robust in that high values of PageRank can be reached, even if all the domains are not cooperating properly.
Building partially entangled states defined with even collision functions

How to build partially entangled states defined with functions whose all collisions are even are discussed. These states include a partially entangled state with a high degree of symmetry that is invariant under permutation of any two qubits and inversion between the ground state |0〉 and an excited state |1〉 for each qubit. An optimized high symmetric partially entangled state is considered to be useful for overcoming a shot noise limit of the Ramsey spectroscopy. We show that using selective rotations and Grover’s inversion about average operations, we can construct this high symmetric entangled state by a network of poly(n)× 2n/2 quantum basic gates, where n is a number of qubits.
A Kawamata-Viehweg Vanishing Theorem on Compact Kähler Manifolds

We prove a Kawamata-Viehweg vanishing theorem on a normal compact Kahler space X : if L is a nef line bundle with L 6= 0, then H(X,KX + L) = 0 for q ≥ dimX − 1. As an application we complete a part of the abundance theorem for minimal Kahler threefolds: if X is a minimal Kahler threefold, then the Kodaira dimension κ(X) is nonnegative. §0. Introduction In this paper we establish the following Kawamata-Viehweg type vanishing theorem on a compact Kahler manifold or, more generally, a normal compact Kahler space. 0.1 Theorem. Let X be a normal compact Kahler space of dimension n and L a nef line bundle on X. Assume that L 6= 0. Then H(X,KX + L) = 0 for q ≥ n− 1. In general, one expects a vanishing H(X,KX + L) = 0 for q ≥ n + 1 − ν(L), where ν(L) is the numerical Kodaira dimension of the nef line bundle L, i.e. ν(L) is the largest integer ν such that L 6= 0. Of course, when X is projective, Theorem 0.1 is contained in the usual KawamataViehweg vanishing theorem, but the methods of proof in the algebraic case clearly fail in the general Kahler setting. Instead we proceed in the following way. Clearly we may assume that X is smooth and by Serre duality, only the cohomology group H is of interest. Take a singular metric h on L with positive curvature current T with local weight function h. By [Si74, De93a] there exists a decomposition T = ∑ λjDj +G, (D) where λj ≥ 1 are irreducible divisors, and G is a pseudo-effective current such that G|Di is pseudo-effective for all i. Consider the multiplier ideal sheaf I(h). We associate to h another, “upper regularized” multiplier ideal sheaf I+(h) by setting I+(h) := lim e→0+ I(h) = lim e→0+ I (
Hydroxylation Increases the Neurotoxic Potential of BDE-47 to Affect Exocytosis and Calcium Homeostasis in PC12 Cells

Background Oxidative metabolism, resulting in the formation of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) metabolites, may enhance the neurotoxic potential of brominated flame retardants. Objective Our objective was to investigate the effects of a hydroxylated metabolite of 2,2′,4,4′-tetra-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47; 6-OH-BDE-47) on changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and vesicular catecholamine release in PC12 cells. Methods We measured vesicular catecholamine release and [Ca2+]i using amperometry and imaging of the fluorescent Ca2+-sensitive dye Fura-2, respectively. Results Acute exposure of PC12 cells to 6-OH-BDE-47 (5 μM) induced vesicular catecholamine release. Catecholamine release coincided with a transient increase in [Ca2+]i, which was observed shortly after the onset of exposure to 6-OH-BDE-47 (120 μM). An additional late increase in [Ca2+]i was often observed at ≥1 μM 6-OH-BDE-47. The initial transient increase was absent in cells exposed to the parent compound BDE-47, whereas the late increase was observed only at 20 μM. Using the mitochondrial uncoupler carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) and thapsigargin to empty intracellular Ca2+ stores, we found that the initial increase originates from emptying of the endoplasmic reticulum and consequent influx of extracellular Ca2+, whereas the late increase originates primarily from mitochondria. Conclusion The hydroxylated metabolite 6-OH-BDE-47 is more potent in disturbing Ca2+ homeostasis and neurotransmitter release than the parent compound BDE-47. The present findings indicate that bioactivation by oxidative metabolism adds considerably to the neurotoxic potential of PBDEs. Additionally, based on the observed mechanism of action, a cumulative neurotoxic effect of PBDEs and ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls on [Ca2+]i cannot be ruled out.
Rosat X-ray sources and exponential field decay in isolated neutron stars

The influence of exponential magnetic field decay on the spin evolution of isolated neutron stars is studied. ROSAT observations have revealed several X-ray sources which may be accreting old isolated neutron stars. Assuming that this inter- pretation is correct, the observations can be used to constrain parameters of the exponential field decay. We show that the range of minimum value of magnetic mo- ment, b, and the characteristic decay time, td, 10 29:5 b 10 28 Gcm 3 , 10 8 td 10 7 yrs are excluded assum- ing the standard initial magnetic momentum, 0 =1 0 30 Gcm 3 . For these parameters, neutron stars would never reach the stage of accretion from the interstellar medium even for a low space velocity of the stars and a density of the ambient plasma. The range of excluded parameters increases for lower values of 0.
Analysis of Direct and Inverse Problems Related to Circular Waveguides Loaded With Inhomogeneous Lossy Dielectric Objects

An integral-equation-based analysis for direct and inverse problems related to circular waveguides loaded with inhomogeneous and arbitrarily shaped lossy dielectric material is introduced. The problem is formulated as a system of integral equations composed of the well-known data and object equations, which contain the dyadic Green's function (DGF) of the empty circular waveguide. Both the direct and inverse algorithms are based on this 3-D system of equations. In the direct problem, the scattering parameters are calculated using the scattered electric fields caused by the inhomogeneous lossy dielectric objects located in circular waveguide, while in the inverse algorithm, the scattered fields are assumed to be known and used for the determination of the complex permittivity variation of the object loaded in the waveguide through a Newton-type iterative approach. In both algorithms, the integral equations are solved via a method-of-moments-based discretization, where the accurate integration of the DGF at each discrete 3-D cell is achieved by a special integration technique. The validity region and the reliability of the direct and inverse algorithms are examined analytically and numerically through elaborative examples.
Detection and Classification of Finer-Grained Human Activities Based on Stepped-Frequency Continuous-Wave Through-Wall Radar

The through-wall detection and classification of human activities are critical for anti-terrorism, security, and disaster rescue operations. An effective through-wall detection and classification technology is proposed for finer-grained human activities such as piaffe, picking up an object, waving, jumping, standing with random micro-shakes, and breathing while sitting. A stepped-frequency continuous wave (SFCW) bio-radar sensor is first used to conduct through-wall detection of finer-grained human activities; Then, a comprehensive range accumulation time-frequency transform (CRATFR) based on inverse weight coefficients is proposed, which aims to strengthen the micro-Doppler features of finer activity signals. Finally, in combination with the effective eigenvalues extracted from the CRATFR spectrum, an optimal self-adaption support vector machine (OS-SVM) based on prior human position information is introduced to classify different finer-grained activities. At a fixed position (3 m) behind a wall, the classification accuracies of six activities performed by eight individuals were 98.78% and 93.23%, respectively, for the two scenarios defined in this paper. In the position-changing experiment, an average classification accuracy of 86.67% was obtained for five finer-grained activities (excluding breathing) of eight individuals within 6 m behind the wall for the most practical scenario, a significant improvement over the 79% accuracy of the current method.
Suppression of the Aeroelastic/Aeroservoelastic Interaction Using Adaptive Feedback Control Instead of Notching Filters

This paper investigates the possibility that an adaptive feedback controller can be designed and implemented for the suppression of aircraft’s structural vibrat ion in the presence of any aeroelastic/aeroservoelastic interaction, instead of using the non-adaptive notching fil ters. Currently aircraft with non-adaptive control laws usually include roll-off or notch filters to avoid AE/AS E interactions. However, if changes in the aircraft configuration are significant, the frequencies of the fl exible modes of the aircraft may be shifted and the notch filters could become totally ineffective. With the pro posed adaptive feedback control technology, the flexible dynamics can be consistently estimated via system i dentification algorithms and its undesirable effects are suppressed through a robust feedback control law, while the whole systems stability is being maintained. The proposed feedback control technique is demonstrated with a 6-DOF nonlinear F/A-18 AAW model for the suppression of the aeroelastic/aeroservoelastic interac tion.
Controlling Unlawful Organizational Behavior: Social Structure and Corporate Misconduct.

Diane Vaughan reconstructs the Ohio Revco case, an example of Medicaid provider fraud in which a large drugstore chain initiated a computer-generated double billing scheme that cost the state and federal government half a million dollars in Medicaid funds, funds that the company believed were rightfully theirs. Her analysis of this incident why the crime was committed, how it was detected, and how the case was built provides a fascinating inside look at computer crime. Vaughan concludes that organizational misconduct could be decreased by "less" regulation and more sensitive bureaucratic response. "
The VIVA Trial Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Ischemia for Vascular Angiogenesis

Background— Recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor protein (rhVEGF) stimulates angiogenesis in animal models and was well tolerated in Phase I clinical trials. VIVA (Vascular endothelial growth factor in Ischemia for Vascular Angiogenesis) is a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intracoronary and intravenous infusions of rhVEGF. Methods and Results— A total of 178 patients with stable exertional angina, unsuitable for standard revascularization, were randomized to receive placebo, low-dose rhVEGF (17 ng · kg−1 · min−1), or high-dose rhVEGF (50 ng · kg−1 · min−1) by intracoronary infusion on day 0, followed by intravenous infusions on days 3, 6, and 9. Exercise treadmill tests, angina class, and quality of life assessments were performed at baseline, day 60, and day 120. Myocardial perfusion imaging was performed at baseline and day 60. At day 60, the change in exercise treadmill test (ETT) time from baseline was not different between groups.
Multifocality and multicentricity in breast cancer and survival outcomes.

BACKGROUND The clinicopathological characteristics and the prognostic significance of multifocal (MF) and multicentric (MC) breast cancers are not well established. PATIENTS AND METHODS MF and MC were defined as more than one lesion in the same quadrant or in separate quadrants, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier product limit was used to calculate recurrence-free survival (RFS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS), and overall survival (OS). Cox proportional hazards models were fit to determine independent associations of MF/MC disease with survival outcomes. RESULTS Of 3924 patients, 942 (24%) had MF (n = 695) or MC (n = 247) disease. MF/MC disease was associated with higher T stages (T2: 26% versus 21.6%; T3: 7.4% versus 2.3%, P < 0.001), grade 3 disease (44% versus 38.2%, P < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (26.2% versus 19.3%, P < 0.001), and lymph node metastases (43.1% versus 27.3%, P < 0.001). MC, but not MF, breast cancers were associated with a worse 5-year RFS (90% versus 95%, P = 0.02) and BCSS (95% versus 97%, P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis shows that MF or MC did not have an independent impact on RFS, BCSS, or OS. CONCLUSIONS MF/MC breast cancers were associated with poor prognostic factors, but were not independent predictors of worse survival outcomes. Our findings support the current TNM staging system of using the diameter of the largest lesion to assign T stage.
CYBEX: the cybersecurity information exchange framework (x.1500)

The cybersecurity information exchange framework, known as CYBEX, is currently undergoing its first iteration of standardization efforts within ITU-T. The framework describes how cybersecurity information is exchanged between cybersecurity entities on a global scale and how the exchange is assured. The worldwide implementation of the framework will eventually minimize the disparate availability of cybersecurity information. This paper provides a specification overview, use cases, and the current status of CYBEX.
Life Quality of University Students From Immigrant Families in the United States.

The numbers of university students from immigrant families have been increasing in the United States, yet little research exists on factors influencing their life quality. Self-report data were collected from 2,210 students from one university in California. Direct effects of four contextual stressors (i.e., ethnic discrimination, parent-child cultural conflict, family disengagement, and family financial stress) were examined in relation to life quality. Also, the potential moderating and mediating role of perceived stress was examined, as well as the potential moderating role of students' generational status. The results provided strong support for mediation, showing contextual stressors influenced students' life quality through their perceived stress. Some evidence was found for moderation, showing the complex role of perceived stress. Generational status did not play a moderating role.
The knowledge transfer influence factors of industrial technology innovation coalition based on system dynamics research

This paper applies system dynamic theory to research the knowledge transfer influence factors of industrial technology innovation coalition and probes the relationship between affecting factors. On this basis, the model of knowledge transfer influencing factors of alliance is established. The coalition is a cooperative innovative organization and union partners have their own advantage. So it could promote resource complementing each other and inspires innovative thinking if knowledge used to communicate and transfer perfectly in such organization. Therefore, the study of knowledge transfer in the alliance will help the coalition develop better.
Exploring the effects of proximal–distal metaphor on the development of EFL learners’ knowledge of the degree of certainty

The present study was motivated by theoretical considerations in cognitive linguistics associated with the concept projection as well as by theories in cognitive science related to self-directed learning on computers, to apply them in developing Japanese learners’ knowledge of the different degrees of sureness attached to certain, probable, and possible items. It evaluated the relative effects of cognitive and non-cognitive approaches and of self- and teacher-directed approaches on computers. The cognitive approach involved concept projection, a process through which the participants understand an abstract concept, namely the degree of certainty, in terms of the spatial concept of distance, whereas the non-cognitive approach involved rote learning of a list of target expressions related to the degree of certainty. The results of the present study demonstrated that the cognitive approach groups outperformed the non-cognitive approach and control groups in writing, comparison, and categorization tests, and further demonstrated that the cognitive approach is effective as a mnemonic device generating long-term memory encoding. The results of the present study also showed that the self-directed approaches were no less effective than the teacher-directed approaches, and the difference between self-directed and teacher-directed learning did not seem to have had a major impact on the overall performance of the self- and teacher-directed groups.
Methodological remarks on contraction theory

Because contraction analysis stems from a differential and incremental framework, the nature and methodology of contraction-based proofs are significantly different from those of their Lyapunov-based counterparts. This paper specifically studies this issue, and illustrates it by revisiting some classical examples traditionally addressed using Lyapunov theory. Even in these cases, contraction tools can often yield significantly simplified analysis. The examples include adaptive control, robotics, and a proof of convergence of the deterministic extended Kalman filter.