Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advancing Atmospheric Thermodynamic Sounding From Space Using Hyperspectral Microwave Measurements

In this article, we present a comprehensive sensitivity analysis and geophysical retrieval product demonstration to assess the enhanced information content in atmospheric temperature and water vapor, harnessed in hyperspectral microwave measurements. A particular focus of this study is devoted to quantifying and comparing the impact on retrieval performance resulting from novel spectral bands of the microwave thermal spectrum, by means of data addition and data denial trade studies. Various spectral configurations are assessed, each reflecting specific technology solutions intended to maximize geophysical product performance within feasible size, weight, power, and cost constraints. Our results indicate that the use of a hyperspectral sampling in the oxygen and water vapor sounding lines alone provides significant improvements in the lower and free tropospheric thermodynamic fields (up to $\sim$40%), when compared against the program of record (i.e., the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder, ATMS). Our experiments also demonstrate the essential role played by extending the coverage in the window regions, leading to an overall improvement of up to $\sim$50% in the Earth's planetary boundary layer thermodynamic fields. This work concludes with an overview on the state of the art in hyperspectral microwave technology and a discussion on future applications of interest to numerical weather prediction and climate science. The work presented in this study focuses on ocean, clear-sky demonstrations. All-sky, all-surface investigations will be the focus of a follow-up study, as we advance our capability to simulate more complex scenarios and improve scene variability.
Effect of different sow lactation feeder types and drip cooling on sow bodyweight, litter performance, and feeder cleaning criteria

Abstract A total of 600 sows (line 3; PIC, Hendersonville, TN) were used to evaluate the effect of different lactation feeder types and drip cooling on sow farrowing performance and litter growth performance during the summer. For the feeder evaluation, the trial was conducted in two sequential groups with 300 sows per group. Five 60-farrowing-stall rooms with tunnel ventilation were used for each group. On approximately days 110 to 112 of gestation, sows were blocked by body condition score (BCS), parity, and offspring sire (lines 2 or 3 sires; PIC), then randomly allotted to one of three feeder types: 1) PVC tube feeder, 2) Rotecna feeder (Rotecna), or 3) SowMax feeder (Hog Slat). The three feeder types were placed in one of three stalls with the same sequence from the front to the end of all rooms to balance for environmental effects. For drip cooling evaluation, the trial was conducted during the 2nd group of 300 sows. Drippers were blocked in three of every six farrowing stalls to balance feeder type and environmental effects. After farrowing, sows had ad libitum access to feed. For litter performance data, only pigs from sows bred to line 2 sires were recorded. Line 3 sire pigs were not included in litter performance data, but sows of these pigs were included in sow body weight (BW) and feed disappearance data. After weaning, feeder cleaning time was recorded on a subsample of 67 feeders (19, 23, and 25 for PVC tube, Rotecna, and SowMax, respectively). There was no evidence of difference (P > 0.05) in sow entry BW, exit BW, BW change, and litter performance among the different feeder types. However, sows using the SowMax feeders had decreased (P < 0.05) total feed disappearance, average daily feed disappearance, and total feed cost compared to those fed with the PVC tube feeders. There was a marginal difference (P < 0.10) between feeder types in cleaning time, with PVC tube feeders requiring less time than the Rotecna feeders; however, cleaning time varied greatly between the personnel doing the cleaning. Sows with drip cooling had greater (P < 0.05) feed disappearance, litter growth performance, and subsequent total born, and reduced (P < 0.05) BW change. In conclusion, using a SowMax feeder reduced feed disappearance with no effects on sow and litter performance compared to a PVC tube feeder, and drip cooling improved sow and litter performance during summer.
Outcomes of the Indonesian Chronic Disease Management Program (PROLANIS) in Patients with Hypertension During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural Areas: A Preliminary Evaluation Study

Background The Indonesian Chronic Disease Management Program (PROLANIS) is a government program that aims to improve the health outcomes of patients with chronic diseases, including hypertension. This preliminary study aimed to evaluate the impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the health outcomes of hypertension patients in rural areas who were enrolled in PROLANIS. Material/Methods This study used data from 4 PROLANIS groups in East Java province. The data were collected from participants’ 6-month evaluations at 3 time points: before the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019 (T0), during the COVID-19 pandemic in June 2020 (T1), and in December 2020 (T2). Evaluated parameters were body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipid (LDL), high-density lipid (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results There were 91 patients included in the analyses. Compared to T0, BMI, blood pressure, eGFR, and TC had significantly deteriorated at T1, but LDL, HDL, and TG showed no marked changes. At T2, BMI, DBP, and TC were similar to T0. On the other hand, SBP and eGFR did not improve, while HDL significantly deteriorated. Stratified based on age, worsening of DBP, TC, and LDL at T1 and eGFR at T1 and T2 was only observed in those aged 60 years and older. Conclusions This preliminary study showed that the health outcomes of hypertension patients in rural areas who were enrolled in PROLANIS were negatively impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the elderly being the most affected.
Spinal Dorsal Intradural Arteriovenous Fistulas

In this review, we describe the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of spinal dorsal intradural arteriovenous fistulas (DI-AVFs), focusing on novel research areas. DI-AVFs compose the most common subgroup of spinal arteriovenous lesions and most commonly involve the thoracic spine, followed by lumbar and sacral segments. The pathogenesis underlying DI-AVFs is an area of emerging understanding, thought to be attributable to venous congestion and hypertension that precipitate ascending myelopathy. Patients with DI-AVFs typically present with motor, sensory, or urinary dysfunction, although a wide swath of other less common symptoms has been reported. DI-AVFs can be subdivided by spinal region, which in turn is associated with 4 distinct clinical phenotypes: craniocervical junction (CCJ), subaxial cervical, thoracic, and lumbosacral. Patients with CCJ and lumbosacral DI-AVFs have particularly interesting presentations and treatment considerations. High-value diagnostic findings on MRI include flow voids, missing-piece sign, and T2-weighted intramedullary hyperintensity. However, digital subtraction angiography is the gold standard for diagnosis and localization of DI-AVFs and for definitive treatment planning. Surgical disconnection of DI-AVFs is almost universally curative and frontline treatment, especially for CCJ and lumbosacral DI-AVFs. Endovascular techniques evolve in promising ways, such as improved visualization, distal access, and liquid embolic techniques. The pathophysiology of DI-AVFs is better understood using newly identified radiologic diagnostic markers. Despite new techniques and devices introduced in the endovascular field, surgery remains the gold-standard treatment for DI-AVFs.
Design and Analysis of a New Separated Type Permanent Magnet Machine Based on Bidirectional Field Modulation Effect

This article proposes a new separated type permanent magnet (ST-PM) excitation machine (STPMM) based on bidirectional field modulation effect, which has the merits of high quality output torque and high power density. ST-PM can be designed by separating rotor surface-mounted PM into one piece radially excited outer PM and two pieces circumferentially excited inner PMs. This design takes advantage of high airgap flux density, which can be achieved by extending the length and adjusting the rotating angle of inner PMs. The operating principle and design method of the proposed STPMM are provided including the key design parameters. The analytical modeling considering rotating angle of inner PMs in STPMM and bidirectional field modulation effect is presented. The electromagnetic performances of the proposed STPMM are evaluated using finite-element analysis (FEA) and compared with the conventional designs. The FEA-predicted results show that the proposed STPMM exhibits high quality electromagnetic performances. The prototype of the proposed STPMM is manufactured and tested, then, the experimental result confirms the advantages of the new machine topology.
The one-point fluorescence response in confocal microscopy

When considering the imaging process in a Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope (CSLM) in the fluorescence mode, one usually assumes that the detection sensitivity distribution is identical to the excitation distribution. We shall argue that in a fluorescence CSLM this is not the case. This leads to a somewhat narrower Point Spread Function (PSF), and thus to a better lateral resolution. Also, in agreement with this, we find that the higher spatial frequencies are less attenuated than expected from the standard approach
Automatic Image Mosaicing Using Sift, Ransac and Homography

The aim of computer vision is to understand and interpret the information represented in the images. Information from many images can be combined into one image to aid for better understanding of what they represent. The amount of data which can be collected by the camera is small compared to the human eye. Though there exist complex lens to increase the eld of view, it would be good if we could use the normal cameras to comprehend more information. Image mosaicing is a technique which enables to combine together many small images into a one large image, from which more information can be collected easily. Image-mosaicing algorithms are used for obtaining a mosaiced image. There are five steps used in image mosaicing which includes; Image acquisition, SIFT, image registration, Homography using RANSAC, Image warping and blending.
Radar Forward-Looking Super-Resolution Imaging Using a Two-Step Regularization Strategy

Regularization methods, including single constraint regularization and joint constraints regularization, have been applied to radar forward-looking super-resolution imaging. However, the ill-posedness of the antenna measurement matrix is serious, which degrades the imaging performance in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. In our work, the following two-step regularization strategy is proposed to achieve super-resolution imaging in low SNR conditions: 1) in the first step, a projection regularization method is designed to repair the ill-posed antenna measurement matrix by truncating and modifying singular values, which mitigates the ill-posedness of the deconvolution process and suppresses noise amplification and 2) in the second step, based on the repaired convolution model, the $L_{1}$ norm is introduced for sparse targets to improve the radar azimuth resolution. The iteratively reweighted norm solver is employed to solve the optimization problem. The superiority of the proposed two-step strategy is analyzed from the perspectives of singular value decomposition. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by simulated and experimental data.
You’ve Got Mail: A Technology-Mediated Feedback Strategy to Support Self-Regulated Learning in First-Year University Students

Self-regulated learning (SRL) is associated with university student academic success outcomes, however students often need support to develop these skills. Technology-mediated feedback is one strategy that may aid educators in supporting students’ SRL development. This study aims to explore whether a technology-mediated feedback strategy targeting tutorial preparation for flipped classrooms enhances first-year students’ self-report SRL and observed implementation of the strategy. Self-report SRL was measured using the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ); strategy implementation profiles were based on lecture video access patterns. First-year psychology students (n = 99) were sent technology-mediated feedback emails aimed at developing their SRL. Paired-samples t-tests revealed significant increases in post-intervention self-reported motivational SRL subscales; self-reported and observed learning strategies implementation did not improve. Future research could build upon this exploratory work to form a multi-pronged strategy to increase understanding of the role of technology-mediated feedback in first-year students’ SRL development for flipped classroom learning.
Planet formation in radiatively inefficient protoplanetary discs

I examine the effects on planetary system formation of radiatively inefficient disc models where positive corotation torques may counter the rapid inward migration of low-mass planets driven by Lindblad torques. I use N-body simulations coupled with algorithms to model the evolution of the gas disc, type I migration, gap formation and type II migration, planetary atmospheres that enhance the probability of planetesimal accretion by protoplanets, gas accretion on to forming planetary cores and gas disc dispersal. The inclusion of entropy and vorticity related corotation torques can lead to a net positive torque thus giving rise to outward migration of planets. This can allow larger planets to survive for a longer period of time, allowing some planets to accrete enough gas within the lifetime of the disc to undergo runaway gas accretion thus forming gas giant planets. I review the current status of extrasolar planet observations and the methods with which these observations are made, and provide a contextual review of the theory of planet formation. Using these models, I have successfully formed a number of gas giant planets with semi-major axes ranging from 0.1 AU up to 75 AU and masses from 100 Earth masses through to 700 Earth masses, as well as a large number of terrestrial sized planets. In later simulations, a large number of super-Earth, Neptune-mass and gas planets that are too small to be considered giants were formed also.
Modified poisson series to implement the method of multiple scales

The method of multiple scales is a global perturbation technique that has resulted to be very useful in perturbed ordinary differential equations characterized by disparate time scales. The general principle behind the method is that the solution to the differential equation is uniformly expanded in terms of two or more independent variables, referred to as time scales. In this article, we present a mathematical object based on a Poisson series to apply the method of multiple scales via specific symbolic computation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A BRIEF REPORT ON SCALE INDEPENDENT QUANTUM COSMOLOGY

A mathematical model is presented for the use of engineers, technocrats and research workers in space technology, mechanical Sciences have to operate under elevated temperatures. Two dimensional thermal effects on frequency of free vibrations of a visco-elastic square plate is considered. In this paper, the thickness varies parabolic in X- direction and thermal effect is vary linearly in one direction and parabolic in another direction. Rayleigh Ritz method is used to evaluate the fundamental frequencies. Both the modes of the frequency are calculated by the latest computational technique, MATLAB, for the various values of taper parameters and temperature gradient. Copyright © www.iiste. org Keywords: visco-elastic, Square plate, vibration, Thermal gradient, Taper constant, non-homogeneous.
An End-to-End Image-Based Automatic Food Energy Estimation Technique Based on Learned Energy Distribution Images: Protocol and Methodology

Obtaining accurate food portion estimation automatically is challenging since the processes of food preparation and consumption impose large variations on food shapes and appearances. The aim of this paper was to estimate the food energy numeric value from eating occasion images captured using the mobile food record. To model the characteristics of food energy distribution in an eating scene, a new concept of “food energy distribution” was introduced. The mapping of a food image to its energy distribution was learned using Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) architecture. Food energy was estimated from the image based on the energy distribution image predicted by GAN. The proposed method was validated on a set of food images collected from a 7-day dietary study among 45 community-dwelling men and women between 21–65 years. The ground truth food energy was obtained from pre-weighed foods provided to the participants. The predicted food energy values using our end-to-end energy estimation system was compared to the ground truth food energy values. The average error in the estimated energy was 209 kcal per eating occasion. These results show promise for improving accuracy of image-based dietary assessment.
Enhancement of images using various histogram equalization techniques

Image enhancement is a mean as the improvement of an image appearance by increasing dominance of some features or by decreasing ambiguity between different regions of the image. Image enhancement processes consist of a collection of techniques that seek to improve the visual appearance of an image or to convert the image to a form better suited for analysis by a human or machine. Various enhancement schemes are used for enhancing an image which includes gray scale manipulation, filtering and Histogram Equalization (HE). Histogram equalization is one of the well known image enhancement technique. It became a popular technique for contrast enhancement because this method is simple and effective. This paper presents a review of histogram equalization techniques for image enhancement.
Writing a massively multi‐authored paper: Overcoming barriers to meaningful authorship for all

The value of large‐scale collaborations for solving complex problems is widely recognized, but many barriers hinder meaningful authorship for all on the resulting multi‐author publications. Because many professional benefits arise from authorship, much of the literature on this topic has focused on cheating, conflict and effort documentation. However, approaches specifically recognizing and creatively overcoming barriers to meaningful authorship have received little attention. We have developed an inclusive authorship approach arising from 15 years of experience coordinating the publication of over 100 papers arising from a long‐term, international collaboration of hundreds of scientists. This method of sharing a paper initially as a storyboard with clear expectations, assignments and deadlines fosters communication and creates unambiguous opportunities for all authors to contribute intellectually. By documenting contributions through this multi‐step process, this approach ensures meaningful engagement by each author listed on a publication. The perception that co‐authors on large authorship publications have not meaningfully contributed underlies widespread institutional bias against multi‐authored papers, disincentivizing large collaborations despite their widely recognized value for advancing knowledge. Our approach identifies and overcomes key barriers to meaningful contributions, protecting the value of authorship even on massively multi‐authored publications.
Contributions to the Phenomenology of Heightened Reality

This article analyzes the experience of heightened reality, whereby subjects feel or think that what they are facing is reality itself, or somehow a ‘more real reality’, a hyperreality. My main examples for this specific kind of metacognitive supervision are from reports about the near-death experience, the psychedelic experience and the mystical experience. I will interpret accounts of such experiences using first of all philosophical phenomenology and theories of sense of reality. I criticize and try to complement Martin Fortier’s model of the plural taxonomy of sense of reality. In addition, I propose a triadic model of the experience of reality and, based on the analysis of the testimonies of heightened reality, I have developed a triadic model, according to which one dimension of reality experience is merely heightened reality, the other two being self-evident immersion in reality and the irruptive suspension of ordinary experience.
Approximation of generalized fuzzy system to integrable function

A generalized fuzzy system by which many fuzzy models in application are extended is defined. By the approximation of the generalized Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) system to the piecewise linear function with L p ( μ ) -norm, it is shown that the generalized T-S system is the universal approximator to p-integrable functions. With the given degree of accuracy, the fuzzy rule number needed in the fuzzy rule base of the system is estimated. Finally some simulation examples are given to demonstrate the conclusions.
Cooperative communication for safety message dissemination in unsaturated networks with varying contention windows

Safety message dissemination is crucial in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) for road safety applications. Vehicles regularly transmit safety messages to surrounding vehicles to prevent road accidents. However, changing vehicle mobility and density can cause unstable network conditions in VANETs, making it inappropriate to use a fixed contention window (CW) for different network densities. It has been proposed a 1‐D Markov model under unsaturation conditions to analyze the performance of the system with varying CWs under changing vehicle densities. Additionally, it introduces the use of cooperative communication (CoC) to relay failed safety messages. In CoC, two control packets, namely, negative acknowledge (NACK) and enable to cooperate (ETC), are utilized. The proposed analytical model named cooperative communication for safety message dissemination (CoC‐SMD) is used to calculate throughput and average packet delay for varying CW and different packet size. The simulation confirms the validity of the analytical results and show significant improvement in the metrics through the use of varying CW sizes and CoC compared with existing techniques.