Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asset Prices in an Exchange Economy with Money and Trade

We show, in an exchange economy with liquidity constraints, that state prices in a complete markets general equilibrium are a function of the supply of liquidity by the Central Bank. Our model is derived along the lines of Dubey and Geanakoplos (1992). Two agents trade goods and nominal assets (Arrow-Debreu (AD) securities) to smooth consumption across periods and future states, in the presence of cash-in-advance financing costs. We show, with Von Neumann-Morgenstern utility functions and relative risk-aversion greater than 1, that the price of AD securities, are inversely related to liquidity. A closed-from solution is obtained for a CRRA utility function, even when including aggregate uncertainty and different subjective probabilities for the two agents. The upshot of our argument is that agents' expectations computed using risk-neutral probabilities give more weight in the states with higher interest rates. This result cannot be found in a Lucas-type representative agent general equilibrium model where there is neither trade nor money. Hence, an upward yield curve can be supported in equilibrium, even though short-term interest rates are fairly stable, and even in the absence of aggregate uncertainty. The risk-premium in the term structure is therefore a pure liquidity risk premium.
CommonVolumeShader: simple and portable specification of volumetric light transport in X3D

Rendering volumetric phenomena with believable appearance can add tremendous realism to virtual scenes. We introduce the CommonVolumeShader node, an extension of the X3D standard which has been specifically designed for physically-based rendering of participating media. CommonVolumeShader allows content authors to specify optical properties in a concise and purely declarative way and can accurately capture the appearance of many volumetric phenomena. We demonstrate results with implementations for an interactive ray tracer and a rasterization-based pipeline.
Quad Demodulation: A Time Domain Diagnostic Method for Induction Machines

This paper introduces the use of a full time-domain based method for the quantitative evaluation of electrical faults. It relies on stator current measurements, thus it is compliant with switching power converter drives, provided that a proper current measurement techniques is available, that mitigates the ripple intrinsically produced. Moreover it allows an accurate quantification of faults without requiring spectrum analysis, hence it achieves high resolution even with low time acquisition periods. The advantages are perfectly suited to time varying signals. The proposed technique, referred to as quad demodulation, is pretty general and can be applied to any electrical or mechanical faults provided that a dedicated frequency signature exists on the current spectrum. Here the quad demodulation method is presented and validated for rotor faults.
Supporting interactive information retrieval through relevance feedback

I investigated the interactive searching behavior of two groups of subjeets using a novel best-match, ranked-output information retrieval (IR) engine to search a large, full-text document collection. The research focuses on the use of relevance feedback, a query reformulation tool. Ten searchers who had abackground in IR were observed in the first study; 64 complete novices took part in a second experiment that systematically varied the user knowledge and user control of the feedback meehanism. Behavioral and performance data suggestthat user control over relevance feedback benefits retrieval performance and user satisfaction.
Fast Discrete Collaborative Multi-Modal Hashing for Large-Scale Multimedia Retrieval

Many achievements have been made on learning to hash for uni-modal and cross-modal retrieval. However, it is still an unsolved problem that how to <italic>directly</italic> and <italic>efficiently</italic> learn <italic>discriminative</italic> <italic>discrete</italic> hash codes for the multimedia retrieval, where both query and database samples are represented with heterogeneous multi-modal features. With this motivation, we propose a <italic>Fast Discrete Collaborative Multi-modal Hashing</italic> (FDCMH) method in this paper. We first propose an efficient collaborative multi-modal mapping that first transforms heterogeneous multi-modal features into the unified factors to exploit the complementarity of multi-modal features and preserve the semantic correlations in multiple modalities with linear computation and space complexity. Such shared factors also bridge the heterogeneous modality gap and remove the inter-modality redundancy. Further, we develop an asymmetric hashing learning module to simultaneously correlate the learned hash codes with low-level data distribution and high-level semantics. In particular, this design could avoid the challenging symmetric semantic matrix factorization and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(n^2)$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mi>O</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhu-ieq1-2913388.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> memory cost (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mi>n</mml:mi></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="zhu-ieq2-2913388.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> is the number of training samples). It can support both computation and memory efficient discrete hash optimization. Experiments on several public multimedia retrieval datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach compared with state-of-the-art hashing techniques, in terms of both model learning efficiency and retrieval accuracy.
An Intensifying Concept of Intrusion Detection to Accelerate Accuracy and Effectiveness with Knowledge

In the recent years, advancement in the field of communication technology has made computer networks an essential part of our lives. The result is Security attacks through network have grown in recent years. Since machines on a network provide many requisite services and store sensitive information, therefore theses are a prime target of malicious hackers. The term for such activities d o n e b y hackers is known as intrusions. A ny attempt to compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of a resource is termed as an intrusion. This research paper directly provides the design of a contextually sensitive post processor for Intrusion Detection Systems with knowledge. It relies on information about constituent hosts to generate a composite score for each received alert. The composite score reflects the impact that the attack will likely have on the system and is made up of two different metrics – the susceptibility of the system to attack and the destructive capabilities of the attack. Keyword: Security, Intrusion, hosts, metrics, attack, networks, alert, knowledge.
Pulsational Instability Domain of δ Scuti Variables

An updated theoretical instability domain of the δ Scuti star models in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, in the log g − log T eff diagram and in diagrams for dereddened uvbyβ photometric indices is presented. The sensitivity of both the position of the evolutionary tracks and the Blue Edge of the instability domain to changes in the chemical composition parameters (X, Z) and to changes in the convection theory parameters (mixing-length in the stellar envelope, the extent of the overshooting from the convective core) is discussed.
Edge Detection in Gray Level Images Based on Non-Shannon Entropy

Digital image processing is a subset of the electronic domain, wherein the image is converted to an array of small integers, called pixels, representing a physical quantity. Edges characterize boundaries and edge detection is one of the most difficult tasks in image processing hence it is a problem of fundamental importance in image processing. The problem of edge detection although it is fundamental and is existing since years but it is still an area where there is still scope of research. It has been found that the previous used algorithms or methods were not able to produce ideal or optimized results. This paper presents an efficient techniques based on Non-Shannon measures of entropy for edge detection. Our objective is to find the best edge representation. A set of experiments in the domain of edge detection are presented. The experimental results show that the new technique often yield more efficient results comparing with classic methods.
Italian adolescents’ experience of unwanted online attentions: Recognizing and defining behaviours

For young people, in addition to positive experiences, there are risks and negative consequences in the usage of the Internet and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), such as forms of online harassment. At present, there is an open debate regarding the definition and issues concerning the nature of cyberspace, given the different ways that the scientific community and the general public express this phenomenon (for example, cyber-bullying, cyber-aggression, cyber-harassment). The present research surveyed 585 Italian students via an online questionnaire regarding unwanted online attentions (UOA), an umbrella category of online behaviours directed at harassing, offending or attacking someone. Two exploratory factor analyses examined the experiences of self-identified victims and perpetrators in order to better describe and identify UOA. The findings identify six dimensions, namely, for the victims: harassment, impersonation, denigration and ordering goods, physical threats, hacking, and disseminating private information and audio-video material without permission; and, for the perpetrators: disseminating private information and material without permission, physical and social threats, hacking and stealing identity, harassment, denigration and ordering goods, unwanted emails and spying, and impersonation – thus illuminating more specific categories of UOA. These findings will make it easier to recognize these expanding and potentially very dangerous behaviours, leading to the development of better prevention and intervention strategies.
Design and characterization of low-voltage analog switch without the need for clock boosting

This paper deals with design and characterization techniques of a low-voltage CMOS analog switch to be used in sample-data circuits. Hspice simulation-based simple design procedure and a characterization method are presented. The switch on-resistance, the error voltage caused by charge injection and clock feedthrough as well as non-linear distortion simulation approaches are proposed. The procedure has been applied to the design of a CMOS transmission gate operating at a 10 MHz clock signal under a 1.8 V supply voltage in a 0.18 /spl mu/m digital CMOS process. The proposed method is suited for a pencil-and-paper design. Its accuracy is limited only by the numerical accuracy of Hspice.
N-Glycans on Nipah Virus Fusion Protein Protect against Neutralization but Reduce Membrane Fusion and Viral Entry

ABSTRACT Nipah virus (NiV) is a deadly emerging paramyxovirus. The NiV attachment (NiV-G) and fusion (NiV-F) envelope glycoproteins mediate both syncytium formation and viral entry. Specific N-glycans on paramyxovirus fusion proteins are generally required for proper conformational integrity and biological function. However, removal of individual N-glycans on NiV-F had little negative effect on processing or fusogenicity and has even resulted in slightly increased fusogenicity. Here, we report that in both syncytium formation and viral entry assays, removal of multiple N-glycans on NiV-F resulted in marked increases in fusogenicity (>5-fold) but also resulted in increased sensitivity to neutralization by NiV-F-specific antisera. The mechanism underlying the hyperfusogenicity of these NiV-F N-glycan mutants is likely due to more-robust six-helix bundle formation, as these mutants showed increased fusion kinetics and were more resistant to neutralization by a fusion-inhibitory reagent based on the C-terminal heptad repeat region of NiV-F. Finally, we demonstrate that the fusogenicities of the NiV-F N-glycan mutants were inversely correlated with the relative avidities of NiV-F's interactions with NiV-G, providing support for the attachment protein “displacement” model of paramyxovirus fusion. Our results indicate that N-glycans on NiV-F protect NiV from antibody neutralization, suggest that this “shielding” role comes together with limiting cell-cell fusion and viral entry efficiencies, and point to the mechanisms underlying the hyperfusogenicity of these N-glycan mutants. These features underscore the varied roles that N-glycans on NiV-F play in the pathobiology of NiV entry but also shed light on the general mechanisms of paramyxovirus fusion with host cells.
Legible, are you sure?: an experimentation-based typographical design in safety-critical context

Designing Safety-critical interfaces entails proving the safety and operational usability of each component. Largely taken for granted in everyday interface design, the typographical component, through its legibility and aesthetics, weighs heavily on the ubiquitous reading task at the heart of most visualizations and interactions. In this paper, we present a research project whose goal is the creation of a new typeface to display textual information on future aircraft interfaces. After an initial task analysis leading to the definition of specific needs, requirements and design principles, the design constantly evolves from an iterative cycle of design and experimentation. We present three experiments (laboratory and cockpit) used mainly to validate initial choices and fine-tune font properties. Results confirm the importance of rigorously testing the typographical component as a part of text output evaluation in interactive systems.
Role of lipid phase composition and cell surface hydrophobicity in high pressure inactivation of Lactobacillus plantarum in emulsions

Data presented in this study indicate that the effect of fat on high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) inactivation of Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum in oil-in-water emulsion is the result of a complex interplay of fat content, fats' compression heating properties and fatty acid composition. New insights regarding cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) determinants could be gained, namely that wall teichoic acids (WTAs) per se and the WTA type have distinct effects on CSH and pressure tolerance of L. plantarum.
A Generic Architecture for Dynamic Outdoor Environment

In this paper, we present a generic architecture for perception of an intelligent vehicle in dynamic outdoor environment. This architecture is composed of two levels: a first level dedicated to real-time local simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) and a second one is dedicated to detection and tracking of moving objects (DATMO). The experimental results on datasets collected from different scenarios such as: urban streets, country roads and highways demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm on a Daimler Mercedes demonstrator in the framework of the European Project PReVENT-ProFusion2 and on a Volkswagen Demonstrator in the framework of the European Project Intersafe2.
Can Elites Shape Public Attitudes Toward Immigrants?: Evidence from the 2016 US Presidential Election

Abstract:It is well known that political elites can shape public attitudes toward policies and values. Less is known, however, about whether elites can also influence public perceptions of social groups they praise or denounce. I test this by analyzing the attitudinal effects of Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign announcement speech, in which he referred to Mexican immigrants as "rapists" and "criminals. " First, to provide causal estimates, I analyze survey data using a counterfactual approach. I find evidence that Trump's statements negatively affected public opinion toward immigrants particularly among groups with restrictionist tendencies. Second, using a panel survey experiment, I corroborate this causal relationship but find that these effects are short-lived. This explains why restrictionist politicians like Trump constantly prod natives to keep their messages' effects from dissipating. I also find that only negative messages are consequential and find no evidence that elite statements are more impactful than those from non-elites, suggesting that the power of elite rhetoric lies primarily in its capacity to reach the masses via the news media.
Higher order nite element methods and multigrid solvers in a benchmark problem for the 3 D Navier – Stokes equations

This paper presents a numerical study of the 3D ow around a cylinder which was de ned as a benchmark problem for the steady state Navier–Stokes equations within the DFG high-priority research program ow simulation with high-performance computers by Sch afer and Turek (Vol. 52, Vieweg: Braunschweig, 1996). The rst part of the study is a comparison of several nite element discretizations with respect to the accuracy of the computed benchmark parameters. It turns out that boundary tted higher order nite element methods are in general most accurate. Our numerical study improves the hitherto existing reference values for the benchmark parameters considerably. The second part of the study deals with e cient and robust solvers for the discrete saddle point problems. All considered solvers are based on coupled multigrid methods. The exible GMRES method with a multiple discretization multigrid method proves to be the best solver. Copyright ? 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel Use of an Orbital Atherectomy Device for In-Stent Restenosis: Lessons Learned

We present a case of a 67-year-old man with stage III chronic kidney disease, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and high surgical risk who presented with two episodes of acute coronary syndrome attributed to in-stent restenosis (ISR) associated with heavily calcified lesions. In this case, we were able to improve luminal patency with orbital atherectomy system (OAS); however, withdrawal of the device resulted in a device/stent interaction, causing failure of the device. Given limitations in current evidence and therapies, managing ISR can be a technical and cognitive challenge. Balloon expansion of the affected region often provides unsatisfactory results, possibly related to significant calcium burden. OAS could be an efficacious way of reestablishing luminal patency in ISR lesions, as these lesions are often heavily calcified.
Phenotypic variation of larks along an aridity gradient: Are desert birds more flexible?

We investigated interindividual variation and intra-individual phenotypic flexibility in basal metabolic rate (BMR), total evaporative water loss (TEWL), body temperature (Tb), the minimum dry heat transfer coefficient (h), and organ and muscle size of five species of larks geographically distributed along an aridity gradient. We exposed all species to constant environments of 15°C or 35°C, and examined to what extent interspecific differences in physiology can be attributed to acclimation. We tested the hypothesis that birds from deserts display larger intra-individual phenotypic flexibility and smaller interindividual variation than species from mesic areas. Larks from arid areas had lower BMR, TEWL, and h, but did not have internal organ sizes different from birds from mesic habitats. BMR of 15°C-acclimated birds was 18.0%, 29.1%, 12.2%, 25.3%, and 4.7% higher than of 35°C-acclimated Hoopoe Larks, Dunn's Larks, Spike-heeled Larks, Skylarks, and Woodlarks, respectively. TEWL of 15°C-acclimated Hoopoe Larks exceeded values for 35°C-acclimated individuals by 23% but did not differ between 15°C- and 35°C-acclimated individuals in the other species. The dry heat transfer coefficient was increased in 15°C-acclimated individuals of Skylarks and Dunn's Larks, but not in the other species. Body temperature was on average 0.4°C ± 0.15°C (mean ± 1 sem) lower in 15°C-acclimated individuals of all species. Increased food intake in 15°C-acclimated birds stimulated enlargement of intestine (26.9–38.6%), kidneys (9.8–24.4%), liver (16.5–27.2%), and stomach (22.0–31.6%). The pectoral muscle increased in 15°C-acclimated Spike-heeled Larks and Skylarks, remained unchanged in Hoopoe Larks, and decreased in 15°C-acclimated Woodlarks and Dunn's Larks. We conclude that the degree of intra-individual flexibility varied between physiological traits and among species, but that acclimation does not account for interspecific differences in BMR, TEWL, and h in larks. We found no general support for the hypothesis that species from desert environments display larger intra-individual phenotypic flexibility than those from mesic areas. The coefficient of variation of larks acclimated to their natural environment was smaller in species from arid areas than in species from mesic areas for mass-corrected BMR and surface-specific h, but not for mass-corrected TEWL. The high repeatabilities of BMR, TEWL, and h in several species indicated a within-individual consistency on which natural selection could operate.
AKAP12 Regulates Human Blood–Retinal Barrier Formation by Downregulation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α

Many diseases of the eye such as retinoblastoma, diabetic retinopathy, and retinopathy of prematurity are associated with blood–retinal barrier (BRB) dysfunction. Identifying the factors that contribute to BRB formation during human eye development and maintenance could provide insights into such diseases. Here we show that A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) induces BRB formation by increasing angiopoietin-1 and decreasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in astrocytes. We reveal that AKAP12 downregulates the level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein by enhancing the interaction of HIF-1α with pVHL (von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein) and PHD2 (prolyl hydroxylase 2). Conditioned media from AKAP12-overexpressing astrocytes induced barriergenesis by upregulating the expression of tight junction proteins in human retina microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). Compared with the retina during BRB maturation, AKAP12 expression in retinoblastoma patient tissue was markedly reduced whereas that of VEGF was increased. These findings suggest that AKAP12 may induce BRB formation through antiangiogenesis and barriergenesis in the developing human eye and that defects in this mechanism can lead to a loss of tight junction proteins and contribute to the development of retinal pathologies such as retinoblastoma.
PZR Coordinates Shp2 Noonan and LEOPARD Syndrome Signaling in Zebrafish and Mice

ABSTRACT Noonan syndrome (NS) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by activating mutations in the PTPN11 gene encoding Shp2, which manifests in congenital heart disease, short stature, and facial dysmorphia. The complexity of Shp2 signaling is exemplified by the observation that LEOPARD syndrome (LS) patients possess inactivating PTPN11 mutations yet exhibit similar symptoms to NS. Here, we identify “protein zero-related” (PZR), a transmembrane glycoprotein that interfaces with the extracellular matrix to promote cell migration, as a major hyper-tyrosyl-phosphorylated protein in mouse and zebrafish models of NS and LS. PZR hyper-tyrosyl phosphorylation is facilitated in a phosphatase-independent manner by enhanced Src recruitment to NS and LS Shp2. In zebrafish, PZR overexpression recapitulated NS and LS phenotypes. PZR was required for zebrafish gastrulation in a manner dependent upon PZR tyrosyl phosphorylation. Hence, we identify PZR as an NS and LS target. Enhanced PZR-mediated membrane recruitment of Shp2 serves as a common mechanism to direct overlapping pathophysiological characteristics of these PTPN11 mutations.