Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arginine Vasopressin V1‐Antagonist and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Reduce Hemorrhagic Brain Edema in Rats

Background and Purpose: Injection of arginine vasopressin into the cerebral ventricles in animals with brain injury increased brain water, whereas injection of atrial natriuretic peptide reduced water content. Therefore, to determine the role of endogenous arginine vasopressin in brain edema, we attempted to inhibit edema from a hemorrhagic lesion with an arginine vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist or atrial natriuretic peptide. Methods: Adult Sprague-Dawley rats with hemorrhages induced by 0.4 IU bacterial collagenase were treated with 75 ng (n=9) or 8 μg (n=9) of the vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)Arg, 3.2 μg (n=4) atrial natriuretic peptide injected intracerebrally, or 5 μg/kg per hour (n=7) atrial natriuretic peptide intraperitoneally. They were compared with control groups injected with 0.4 IU collagenase only. Brain water and electrolytes were measured 24 hours later. Brain uptake of [14C] sucrose was measured 30 minutes after lesions were induced by 0.4 IU collagenase alone (n=5) or after collagenase injection and 50 μg/kg per hour n=5) atrial natriuretic peptide injected intravenously. Results: The arginine vasopressin V1 receptor antagonist and atrial natriuretic peptide significantly (p<0.05) reduced water and sodium contents in the posterior edematous regions. Brain uptake of [14C] sucrose was significantly reduced by intravenous atrial natriuretic peptide. Conclusions: Antagonists to arginine vasopressin V1 receptors and atrial natriuretic peptide both significantly reduce hemorrhagic brain edema, and atrial natriuretic peptide appears to protect the blood-brain barrier.
Infinite models for speaker clustering

In this paper we propose the use of infinite models for the clustering of speakers. Speaker segmentation is obtained trough a Dirichlet Process Mixture (DPM) model which can be interpreted as a flexible model with an infinite a priori number of components. Learning is based on a Variational Bayesian approximation of the infinite sequence. DPM model is compared with fixed prior systems learned by ML/BIC, MAP/BIC and a Variational Bayesian method. Experiments are run on a speaker clustering task on the NIST-96 Broadcast News database.
A study on comparison of conventional suturing and tissue adhesive (2-octyl cyanoacrylate) for skin closure in inguinal hernia surgeries

Background: Wound closure techniques have evolved from suture material to advanced techniques that include skin staplers, skin glue and adhesive tapes. Based on efficacy of advanced suturing techniques patient may be benefited with better cosmesis, lesser postoperative pain, less wound infection and lesser hospital stay. The aim of the study was to compare the results of adhesive glue with suture material in skin closure in hernia surgeries.Methods: This study involves 100 patients undergoing open inguinal hernia surgery. In 50 of the patient’s skin closure was done with conventional suturing (3-0 ETHILON) and other 50 patients with tissue glue (2-octyl cyanoacrylate). Observation regarding postoperative pain, skin closure time and scar assessment were made, and their results were compared.Results: The mean time taken for skin closure in adhesive group was 2.72±1.32minutes and that of suture group was 4.88±1.533minutes. This difference was of great significance with p value of <0.001. The visual analogue scale shows mean value of 5.3±0.68 for suture group and for skin group it was 3.68±0.62. This value was of great significance with p value <0.001. Postoperative pain was comparatively less in tissue glue group. Postoperative scar was analysed with Vancouver scar scale at regular intervals. The mean score for suture group was 8.3±0.8 and for skin glue group it was 2.8±0.75. These differences of score was of great significance with p value <0.001. Conclusions: Adhesive glue is superior to conventional suturing in clean elective surgeries. It is a safe and an effective method of skin closure with less postoperative pain and better cosmesis of the scar.
Targeting Cell Entry of Enveloped Viruses as an Antiviral Strategy

The entry of enveloped viruses into their host cells involves several successive steps, each one being amenable to therapeutic intervention. Entry inhibitors act by targeting viral and/or cellular components, through either the inhibition of protein-protein interactions within the viral envelope proteins or between viral proteins and host cell receptors, or through the inhibition of protein-lipid interactions. Interestingly, inhibitors that concentrate into/onto the membrane in order to target a protein involved in the entry process, such as arbidol or peptide inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), could allow the use of doses compatible with therapeutic requirements. The efficacy of these drugs validates entry as a point of intervention in viral life cycles. Strategies based upon small molecule antiviral agents, peptides, proteins or nucleic acids, would most likely prove efficient in multidrug combinations, in order to inhibit several steps of virus life cycle and prevent disease progression.
Semi-fragile Image Authentication Using Robust Image Hashing with Localization

The great advance in image processing demands a guarantee for assuring integrity of images. In this paper, a semi-fragile image authentication technique is proposed, which can detect and localize the malicious alteration distinguishing the content-preserving manipulations, such as JPEG compression, from the content alterations. The original image is divided into large blocks (sub-images) that are also divided into 8x8 blocks. Secure image hashing is utilized to generate the sub-image hash (signature) that may slightly change when the content-preserving manipulations are applied. Then, two sub-image hash copies are embedded into relatively-distant sub-images using a doubly linked chain, which prevents the vector quantization (VQ) attack. The hash bits are robustly embedded in chosen discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients exploiting a property of DCT coefficients that is invariant before and after JPEG compression. The experimental results show that the proposed technique successfully detects and localizes the content alterations only. Furthermore, It can effectively resist many attacks such as vector quantization attacks.
Calcific aortic stenosis and congenital bicuspid aortic valves.

cases were reported as congenital and some thought that nearly all were rheumatic, the sclerotic and calcific changes being secondary to earlier infection. This paper is concerned mainly with the clinical evidence about the nature of calcific aortic stenosis, with the frequency of sudden deaths in all forms of aortic stenosis, and with the incidence of congenital bicuspid aortic valves and the part they play in producing aortic stenosis. After a few early cases and views have been mentioned, 60 cases of lone calcific aortic stenosis from Dr. Keith Simpson's necropsy records are analysed. The clinical evidence that bicuspid aortic valves become thickened and rigid at an early age and be-
Investigating the influence of film formation on the machining performance in an atomization-based cutting fluid spray system

Titanium alloys are difficult to machine materials due to their poor thermal conductivity, high affinity to tool materials at cutting temperatures and production of thin chips during machining. Heat generated in the tool-chip contact region is not readily dissipated, leading to a shortened tool life. Various cooling methods have been studied for titanium machining including high pressure coolant application, minimum quantity lubrication and recently, the Atomization-based cutting fluid (ACF) delivery system to improve upon the cooling and lubrication provided by conventional flood cooling. In the ACF system, the impingement of atomized droplets of the cutting fluid on the tool surface results in the formation of a thin liquid film that penetrates the narrow tool-chip contact region and improves tool life. The characteristics of the thin film such as the film thickness and velocity influence the performance of the ACF system and are dependent on a large number
Reconstruction of a postraumatic radial club hand with a free fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap and Sauve‐Kapandji procedure—A case report

Radial club hand may be congenital or acquired; radial deviation of the hand is usually found, associated with palmar flexion–pronation and treatment of severe forms of radial club hand is often difficult. Here we present a case of reconstruction of a severe postraumatic radial club hand with a free fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap and Sauve–Kapandji procedure in a 28‐year‐old man. The patient had a radial deviation of the wrist and right upper limb shortening as a result of an infected pseudarthrosis of the radius. This deformity was reconstructed with a free fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap associated to arthrodesis of the distal radioulnar joint and an ulnar resection osteotomy proximal to the arthrodesis in order to restore rotation of the forearm (Sauvé–Kapandji procedure). The flap fully survived and no complications were seen in the early postoperative period at both recipient and donor sites. Radius alignment was restored. At 5‐month follow‐up, the skeleton was healed. There was minimal osteopenia at the distal radial segment. Wrist extension was 48 degrees, flexion 24 degrees, and pronation–supination was 58–0–48 degrees, with full finger flexion. The patient could hold a 4 kg dumbbell with the elbow flexed without discomfort. His DASH score—Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire was 15.83. Combined free fibular osteoseptocutaneous flap and Sauve–Kapandji procedure may be considered in severe forms of postraumatic radial club hand, however, further data are necessary. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:593–597, 2016.
Serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels: a novel measure of ovarian reserve.

BACKGROUND Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by the granulosa cells of preantral and small antral follicles and its levels can be assessed in serum. Since the number of ovarian follicles declines with increasing age, AMH levels might be used as a marker for ovarian ageing. Therefore, we studied the relationship between AMH levels and ovarian response during ovarian stimulation for IVF. METHODS A total of 130 patients undergoing their first IVF treatment cycle using a long protocol with GnRH agonist was prospectively included. Blood withdrawal was performed and the number of antral follicles was assessed by ultrasound on day 3 of a spontaneous cycle. Poor response and the number of oocytes were used as primary outcome measures. In a random subset of 23 patients a GnRH agonist stimulation test was performed to investigate whether a rise in FSH and LH would affect AMH levels. RESULTS The data of 119 patients were analysed. Serum AMH levels were highly correlated with the number of antral follicles (r = 0.77; P < 0.01) and the number of oocytes retrieved (r = 0.57, P < 0.01). A negative association was found between AMH levels and poor ovarian response (fewer than 4 oocytes or cycle cancellation; OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75-0.90, P < 0.01). Inclusion of inhibin B and FSH concentrations to AMH in a multivariate model improved the prediction of ovarian response. The post GnRH agonist rise in FSH and LH levels did not influence AMH values. CONCLUSIONS Poor response in IVF, indicative of a diminished ovarian reserve, is associated with reduced baseline serum AMH concentrations. In line with recent observations it appears that AMH can be used as a marker for ovarian ageing.
Unc5B Interacts with FLRT3 and Rnd1 to Modulate Cell Adhesion in Xenopus Embryos

The FLRT family of transmembrane proteins has been implicated in the regulation of FGF signalling, neurite outgrowth, homotypic cell sorting and cadherin-mediated adhesion. In an expression screen we identified the Netrin receptors Unc5B and Unc5D as high-affinity FLRT3 interactors. Upon overexpression, Unc5B phenocopies FLRT3 and both proteins synergize in inducing cell deadhesion in Xenopus embryos. Morpholino knock-downs of Unc5B and FLRT3 synergistically affect Xenopus development and induce morphogenetic defects. The small GTPase Rnd1, which transmits FLRT3 deadhesion activity, physically and functionally interacts with Unc5B, and mediates its effect on cell adhesion. The results suggest that FLRT3, Unc5B and Rnd1 proteins interact to modulate cell adhesion in early Xenopus development.
Uncommon Cause of Acute Drug-induced Liver Injury Following Mammoplasty

Cephalexin is a well tolerated antimicrobial and hepatic injury is an infrequent occurrence with its use. We here describe a 21-year-old female who presented with jaundice and elevated liver enzymes after 4 weeks completion of 10 day course of cephalexin, prescribed prophylactically after mammoplasty. Extensive work up including all causes of hepatitis was within normal limits and she improved with conservative management. This case highlights the need to suspect drug induced liver injury in cases of jaundice and cephalexin use.
Vickers Indentation Fracture Toughness of Near-Nano and Nanostructured WC-Co Cemented Carbides

In this paper, the fracture toughness KIc of near-nano and nanostructured WC-Co cemented carbides by Vickers indentation fracture toughness (VIF) was investigated. The aim was to research the type of cracking occurring in near-nano and nano-grained WC-Co cemented carbides with respect to the Co content and, consequently, to evaluate the appropriateness of different models for the fracture toughness calculation. The mixtures with different binder content—4, 6, and 9 wt. % Co—were consolidated by sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. Vickers indentation using a test force of 294 N was used for the determination of fracture toughness. The type of crack that occurred as a consequence of the applied load on the corners of the Vickers indentations was analysed with optical microscopy before and after repolishing the samples. Different crack models, Palmqvist and radial-median, were applied for the calculation of KIc. Instrumented indentation testing was used to determine the modulus of elasticity of the consolidated samples. From the research it was found that near-nano and nanostructured cemented carbides with 9 and 6 wt. % Co do not exhibit median cracking and the indenter cracks remain radial in nature, while near-nano and nanostructured cemented carbides with 4 wt. % Co exhibit both radial and median cracking. Accordingly, it was concluded that the critical amount of the binder phase in near-nano and nanostructured WC-Co at which the crack changes its geometry from Palmqvist to radial-median is around 4 wt. % Co. Comparing different models it was found that KIc values are not consistent and differ for each method used. Models from Exner crack resistance for the Palmqvist crack showed good agreement. Radial-median crack models showed significant KIc deviations for the same testing conditions for all samples.
Tibial Bone Lead, but Not Serum Polychlorinated Biphenyl, Concentrations Are Associated With Neurocognitive Deficits in Former Capacitor Workers

Objective: To determine the relationships between tibial bone lead and serum polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations and neurocognitive function. Methods: The study population consisted of men and women former capacitor workers had been employed by the General Electric Corporation between 1946 and 1977. Regression analyses evaluated the association between neurocognitive function and lipid-adjusted serum PCB and tibia lead concentrations. Results: Tibia lead, but not serum PCBs, was significantly correlated with deficits in neurocognitive function. Women showed more associations between tibia lead and neurocognitive function than men, especially regarding executive function. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that low levels of tibia lead, but not serum PCBs, are associated with neurocognitive deficits and that postmenopausal women show a greater number of deficits in executive function than men.
A surgical approach to giant condyloma (Buschke-Löwenstein tumour) with underlying superficial vulvar carcinoma: A case report

Anogenital warts (condyloma acuminatum or venereal warts) are a common sexually transmitted disease in males and females. Common clinical treatment of anogenital warts is conservative, however, in extreme cases conservative therapy is insufficient and surgical excision is required. Giant condyloma acuminata (Buschke-Löwenstein tumour) is an extremely rare clinical type of genital wart, characterised by aggressive down growth into underlying dermal structures. A 55-year-old female presented with cauliflower-like growth over the anogenital and sacral region, earlier diagnosed as condyloma acuminatum which was resistant to conservative therapy. During the period between 2005 and 2008 the patient underwent five surgical procedures. Due to the size and location of the tumour, gynaecological and plastic surgeons were involved in the procedures. In addition, definitive histology examination identified a superficial vulvar carcinoma.
6B-2 Optimal Design of Quasi-Slanted SAW Transducer Employing Resonant SPUDT

This paper presents an innovative design technique to achieve a low-loss SAW filter by Quasi-slanted finger interdigital transducers (Q-SFITs). As subfilters, resonant single-phase unidirectional transducers (RSPUDTs) with constant group delay are used. The distances and apertures of subfilters are optimized to realize Q-SFIT filters with low loss, wide bandwidth and small group delay deviation. By this procedure, a Q-SFIT filter is designed and fabricated on a 128deg YX-LiNbO3 substrate. The experimental results agree with the simulation, and the minimum insertion loss of 5.2 dB and small group delay deviation of 56 ns were simultaneously achieved
The Telmisartan Renoprotective Study from Incipient Nephropathy to Overt Nephropathy – Rationale, Study Design, Treatment Plan and Baseline Characteristics of the Incipient to Overt: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker, Telmisartan, Investigation on Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy (INNOVATION) Study

We planned the INNOVATION study to determine whether telmisartan, an angiotensin-2-receptor blocker, delays the progression of renal disease from incipient nephropathy to overt nephropathy in hypertensive or normotensive Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The INNOVATION study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eligible patients must have incipient nephropathy (defined as a urinary albumin to creatinine ratio of 100-300 mg/g creatinine) and a serum creatinine concentration of < 1.5 mg/dl for men and < 1.3 mg/dl for women. Patients who need treatment with angiotensin II receptor blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are excluded. Eligible patients are randomly assigned to three groups: telmisartan titrated to 40 mg; telmisartan titrated to 80 mg; or placebo. The primary endpoint is the time from baseline visit to first detection of overt nephropathy (defined by a urinary albumin to creatinine ratio that is > 300 mg/g creatinine and 30% higher than the baseline on at least two consecutive visits). A total of 1855 patients have been enrolled from 160 study centres. In 527 randomized patients (28.4% of the enrolled patients), mean (SD) urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and serum creatinine concentration at baseline were 173.3 (47.2) mg/g creatinine and 0.78 (0.19) mg/dl. Sixty-eight per cent of the patients had hypertension at baseline. Mean (SD) systolic and diastolic blood pressures at baseline were 137.1 (14.6) and 77.5 (10.3) mmHg. The INNOVATION study will determine whether telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, provides clinical benefits in hypertensive or normotensive patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy.
Energy harvesting from vibration using a piezoelectric membrane

In this paper we investigate the capability of harvesting the electric energy from mechanical vibrations in a dynamic environment through a unimorph piezoelectric membrane transducer. Due to the impedance matrices connecting the efforts and flows of the membrane, we have established the dynamic electric equivalent circuit of the transducer. In a first study and in order to validate theoretical results, we performed experiments with a vibrating machine moving a macroscopic 25 mm diameter piezoelectric membrane. A power of 1.8 mW was generated at the resonance frequency (2.58 kHz) across a 56 kQ optimal resistor and for a 2 g acceleration.
Pespectives of TFET devices in ultra-low power charge pumps for thermo-electric energy sources

The superior electrical characteristics of the heterojunction III-V Tunnel FET (TFET) devices can outperform current technologies in the process of energy harvesting conversion at ultra-low power supply voltage operation (sub-0.25 V). In this work, it is shown by simulations that a cross-coupled switched-capacitor topology with GaSb-InAs TFET devices present better conversion performance compared to the use of Si FinFET technology at low temperature variations (ΔT <; 3 °C) when considering a thermo-electric energy harvesting source (with α = 80 mV/K). At higher ΔT, the conversion process is degraded with the increase of the transistor losses. Considering a ΔT of 1 °C (2 °C), one cross-coupled stage with TFET devices can achieve 74 % (69 %) of power conversion efficiency when considering an output load of 0.4 μA (6 μA). At the same conditions, the FinFET charge pump is shown inefficient.
The behavioral pharmacology of anorexigenic drugs in nonhuman primates: 30 years of progress

Comparatively few studies over the past 30 years have used pharmacological manipulations as a means of understanding processes underlying feeding behavior of nonhuman primates. In the 1970s and early 1980s, four laboratories provided data on the anorexigenic effects of a range of drugs on rhesus monkeys and baboons, and a fifth laboratory studied the effects of neuropeptides on feeding behavior of baboons. There were differences in the way anorexigenic drugs altered eating topography, and those that increased dopamine levels had greater abuse liability than those that increased serotonin levels. Studies in the 1980s and 1990s used foraging models and principles of behavioral economics to understand food–drug interactions. Experimenter-given anorexigenic drugs did not function as economic substitutes for food. Recent studies have examined the effects of a range of drugs on consumption of highly palatable food and model diet-induced obesity. Although some drugs, including stimulants, N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists, and a cannabinoid antagonist increased the latency to standard food consumption, there was little evidence for a selective effect of any drug on highly palatable food consumption. Results obtained in nonhuman primates did not always confirm those observed in rodents. Future studies looking at sex differences and social factors may provide insight into factors related to human obesity.