Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient parallel data mining for association rules

In this paper, we develop an algorithm, called PDM, to conduct parallel data mining for association rules. Consider a transaction as a collection of items, and a large itemset is a set of items such that the number of transactions containing it exceeds a pre-specilied threshold. PDM is so designed that the global set of large itemsets can be identified efficiently and the amount of inter-node data exchange required is minimized. SpecificaUy, with a given database partition, each processing node will collect (count ) information on each itemset from its local database efficiently via a hashing method. The information discovered by each node is next shared with other nodes via some communication schemes. Then, PDM employs a technique, called clue-andpoll, to address the uncertainty due to the partial knowledge collected at each node by judiciously selecting a small fraction of the itemsets for the exchange of count information among nodes, thus reducing the communication cost. The global set of large iternsets can hence be determined based on the aggregate count of itemsets. It is experimentally shown that PDM not only attains very good parallelization efficiencies, but also provides robust performance for various input patterns.
Stored Canine Whole Blood Units: What is the Real Risk of Bacterial Contamination?

Background Bacterial contamination of whole blood (WB) units can result in transfusion‐transmitted infection, but the extent of the risk has not been established and may be underestimated in veterinary medicine. Objectives To detect, quantify, and identify bacterial microorganisms in 49 canine WB units during their shelf life. Animals Forty‐nine healthy adult dogs. Methods Forty‐nine WB units were included in the study. Immediately after collection, 8 sterile samples from the tube segment line of each unit were aseptically collected and tested for bacterial contamination on days 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 of storage. A qPCR assay was performed on days 0, 21, and 35 to identify and quantify any bacterial DNA. Results On bacterial culture, 47/49 blood units were negative at all time points tested, 1 unit was positive for Enterococcus spp. on days 0 and 1, and 1 was positive for Escherichia coli on day 35. On qPCR assay, 26 of 49 blood units were positive on at least 1 time point and the bacterial loads of the sequences detected (Propionobacterium spp., Corynebacterium spp., Caulobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterococcus spp., Serratia spp., and Leucobacter spp.) were <80 genome equivalents (GE)/μL. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Most of the organisms detected were common bacteria, not usually implicated in septic transfusion reactions. The very low number of GE detected constitutes an acceptable risk of bacterial contamination, indicating that WB units have a good sanitary shelf life during commercial storage.
Parietofrontal Circuits for Action and Space Perception in the Macaque Monkey

The classical view of the functional role of the posterior parietal cortex has been radically changed in recent years. The parietal lobe is formed by a multiplicity of functionally distinct areas strongly and reciprocally connected in a rather selective way with the various areas forming the agranular frontal cortex (motor cortex). These connections-parietofrontal circuits-mediate, in parallel, the sensorimotor transformation for the control of specific actions. According to this view, space coding is now believed to be the result of the construction of multiple space representations that may be related to a specific class of actions. Therefore, the concept of one single parietal master center for space perception is no more tenable.
Joint audio-visual bi-modal codewords for video event detection

Joint audio-visual patterns often exist in videos and provide strong multi-modal cues for detecting multimedia events. However, conventional methods generally fuse the visual and audio information only at a superficial level, without adequately exploring deep intrinsic joint patterns. In this paper, we propose a joint audio-visual bi-modal representation, called bi-modal words. We first build a bipartite graph to model relation across the quantized words extracted from the visual and audio modalities. Partitioning over the bipartite graph is then applied to construct the bi-modal words that reveal the joint patterns across modalities. Finally, different pooling strategies are employed to re-quantize the visual and audio words into the bi-modal words and form bi-modal Bag-of-Words representations that are fed to subsequent multimedia event classifiers. We experimentally show that the proposed multi-modal feature achieves statistically significant performance gains over methods using individual visual and audio features alone and alternative multi-modal fusion methods. Moreover, we found that average pooling is the most suitable strategy for bi-modal feature generation.
Axiomatizing Category Theory in Free Logic

Starting from a generalization of the standard axioms for a monoid we present a stepwise development of various, mutually equivalent foundational axiom systems for category theory. Our axiom sets have been formalized in the Isabelle/HOL interactive proof assistant, and this formalization utilizes a semantically correct embedding of free logic in classical higher-order logic. The modeling and formal analysis of our axiom sets has been significantly supported by series of experiments with automated reasoning tools integrated with Isabelle/HOL. We also address the relation of our axiom systems to alternative proposals from the literature, including an axiom set proposed by Freyd and Scedrov for which we reveal a technical issue (when encoded in free logic where free variables range over defined and undefined objects): either all operations, e.g. morphism composition, are total or their axiom system is inconsistent. The repair for this problem is quite straightforward, however.
Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange for the Secure Shell (SSH) Transport Layer Protocol

This memo describes a new key exchange method for the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol. It allows the SSH server to propose new groups on which to perform the Diffie-Hellman key exchange to the client. The proposed groups need not be fixed and can change with time. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Epilepsy-based changes in hippocampal excitability: causes and effects.

There are two main types of animal models of TLE, kindling and status epilepticus (SE). In the kindling model (3), spaced and repeated stimulations of the brain evoke afterdischarges (ADs) that increase progressively in duration and in the severity of clinical/ behavioral symptoms. Kindling allows good control of the timing of ADs, but a relatively large number of kindled ADs ( 200) is required for SRS, irrespective of
PT symmetry based functional devices for integrated optics

The objective of the present work is to explore how the concept of gain/loss modulation can be used for switching and routing applications in the case of longitudinal type PT symmetry structures where the complex index profile is build along the direction of light propagation. In the spirit of our previous work we demonstrate that operation compatible with practical applications can be achieved with an imperfect PT-symmetry design, where only the gain is variable while the losses are set fix.
An Oblivious Image Retrieval Protocol

We consider the novel problem of oblivious retrieval of images from an outsourced database server. Due to the complexity of managing images, in modern enterprise networks, individual users and organizations are using the services of external servers to store the images. The problem is to query and retrieve images while simultaneously satisfying the criteria of both the user and the database privacy. Oblivious transfer protocols are capable of ensuring the privacy of both the user and the server privacy at the same time. But in their native form, oblivious transfer protocols may not be suitable for querying and retrieving images due to the large size of the images. In this paper, we describe the first such attempt to develop an oblivious retrieval protocol that can achieve the goals of user and database privacy. which allows the user to query for the images of interest. In this phase, the database server does not know the exact user query and the user does not learn of any other images in the database. In the next phase, the user deploys an oblivious transfer protocol to retrieve the necessary decryption for the selected images without revealing the actual set of decryption keys selected. We have evaluated our protocol using an experimental setting and show that the results are a reasonable trade-off when compared to the security requirements being satisfied. We have implemented a working prototype and tested the protocol on a database of 9000 large real-life images.
Radiative-convective equilibrium using GCM column physics

The behavior of a GCM column physics package in a non-rotating, doubly periodic, homogeneous setting with prescribed SSTs is examined. This radiative-convective framework is proposed as a useful tool for studying the effects of differing modeling assumptions on convective organization and cloud feedbacks. For the column physics utilized here, from GFDL’s AM2 model, many of the properties of the homogeneous, non-rotating model are closely tied to the fraction of precipitation that is large-scale, rather than convective. Significant large-scale precipitation appears above a critical temperature and then increases with further increases in temperature. The amount of large-scale precipitation is a function of horizontal resolution and can also be controlled by modifying the convection scheme, as we illustrate by modifying assumptions concerning entrainment into convective plumes. Some similarities and some differences are found between the behavior of the homogeneous model and that of the tropics of the parent GCM when ocean temperatures are increased and when the convection scheme is modified.
Design of a Security Management Middleware in Ubiquitous Computing Environments

In this paper, we propose a security management middleware in ubiquitous computing environments. This security management should be applicationoriented security and provides user-centric security. This middleware provides the services for user or administrator to define security policies which can reflect dynamic context and trust management. We define a new security specification policy language for policy management. It also provides management services which can monitor and control the managed objects and sensors for the domain security management.
Melody line estimation in homophonic music audio signals based on temporal-variability of melodic source

Estimation of melody line in homophonic music audio signals is a challenging subject of study. Some of the difficulties are derived from presence of accompanying components. To overcome those difficulties, we propose a method to enhance melodic components in music audio signals. The enhancement algorithm uses fluctuation and shortness of melodic components, which we call temporal-variability. We also discuss a melody tracking algorithm, which can be simple thanks to the preprocessing. In this paper, we describe the enhancement method and tracking method, and show the experimental results that supports the efficiency of our methods.
Scrutinizing the average error probability for Nakagami fading channels

The ultimate goal of the present paper is to provide mathematical tools for dealing with the complicated average error probability (AEP) in Nakagami fading channels. This is useful for analytical investigations as well as alleviating computational effort in simulations or on-line computations. We hence thoroughly analyze the mathematical structure of the AEP over Nakagami fading channels. First, the AEP is re-parameterized to obtain a mathematically concise form. The main contributions are then as follows. An ordinary differential equation is set up, which has the AEP as a solution. By this approach, a new representation of the AEP is found, which merely needs integration over a broken rational function. This paves the way to numerous amazing relations of the AEP, e.g., to the Gaussian hypergeometric and the incomplete beta function. Moreover, monotonicity and log-convexity are demonstrated. Finally, asymptotic expansions of the AEP are given.
Usage of Subjective Scales in Accessibility Research

Accessibility research studies often gather subjective responses to technology using Likert-type items, where participants respond to a prompt statement by selecting a position on a labeled response scale. We analyzed recent ASSETS papers, and found that participants in non-anonymous accessibility research studies gave more positive average ratings than those in typical usability studies, especially when responding to questions about a proposed innovation. We further explored potential positive response bias in an experimental study of two telephone information systems, one more usable than the other. We found that participants with visual impairment were less sensitive to usability problems than participants in a typical student sample, and that their subjective ratings didn't correlate as strongly with objective measures of performance. A deeper understanding of the mechanism behind this effect would help researchers to design better accessibility studies, and to interpret subjective ratings with more accuracy.
Simulations of metal enrichment in galaxy clusters by AGN outflows

Aims. We assess the importance of AGN outflows with respect to the metal enrichment of the intracluster medium (ICM) in galaxy clusters. Methods. We use combined N -body and hydrodynamic simulations, along with a semi-numerical galaxy formation and evolution model. Using assumptions based on observations, we attribute outflows of metal-rich gas initiated by AGN activity to a certain fraction of our model galaxies. The gas is added to the model ICM, where the evolution of the metallicity distribution is calculated by the hydrodynamic simulations. For the parameters describing the AGN content of clusters and their outflow properties, we use the most observationally favorable values. Results. We find that AGNs have the potential to contribute significantly to the metal content of the ICM or even explain the complete abundance, which is typically ~$0.5~Z_{\odot}$ in core regions. Furthermore, the metals end up being inhomogeneously distributed, in accordance with observations.
Scheduling of 2-Steps Graph with UET Tasks in a Heterogeneous Environment

In this paper, we focus on scheduling the 2-steps graph with UET tasks, i.e. tasks with the same length, in a heterogeneous environment where processors are uniform and have different speeds. Given a 2-steps graph of size n and p processors, we determine the lower bound of the execution time of any scheduling by maximizing the activity of each processor. Then, we present an efficiency schedule in execution time and the experimental results without and with communication costs between processors and we compare the performance of our algorithm with existing scheduling scheme through the result of experiments. Keywords— 2-steps Graph, Scheduling, Communication, Heterogeneous Environment, Optimality.
Scaffolding Deep Comprehension Strategies Through Point&Query, AutoTutor, and iSTART

It is well-documented that most students do not have adequate proficiencies in inquiry and metacognition, particularly at deeper levels of comprehension that require explanatory reasoning. The proficiencies are not routinely provided by teachers and normal tutors so it is worthwhile to turn to computer-based learning environments. This article describes some of our recent computer systems that were designed to facilitate explanation-centered learning through strategies of inquiry and metacognition while students learn science and technology content. Point&Query augments hypertext, hypermedia, and other learning environments with question-answer facilities that are under the learner control. AutoTutor and iSTART use animated conversational agents to scaffold strategies of inquiry, metacognition, and explanation construction. AutoTutor coaches students in generating answers to questions that require explanations (e.g., why, what-if, how) by holding a mixed-initiative dialogue in natural language. iSTART models and coaches students in constructing self-explanations and in applying other metacomprehension strategies while reading text. These systems have shown promising results in tests of learning gains and learning strategies.
An Object-Oriented and Fast Lexicon for Semantic Generation

This paper is about the technical design of a large computational lexicon, its storage, and its access from a Prolog environment. Traditionally, efficient access and storage of data structures is implemented by a relational database management system. In Delilah, a lexicon-based NLP system, efficient access to the lexicon by the semantic generator is vital. We show that our highly detailed HPSG-style lexical specifications do not fit well in the Relational Model, and that they cannot be efficiently retrieved. We argue that they fit more naturally in the Object-Oriented Model. Although storage of objects is redundant, we claim that efficient access is still possible by applying indexing, and compression techniques from the Relational Model to the Object-Oriented Model. We demonstrate that it is possible to implement object-oriented storage and fast access in ISO Prolog.
Future Directions of Machine Translation

Good historical surveys and comprehensive current state of the art surveys have already been given for MT by several authors [Bruderer 1977] [Vauquois ]. 979] [Nagao 1983] [Tucker 1984, 1985] [Slocum ]985a]. The objectives, the basic design principles and the current stages of development of some of the major groups which aim to develop practical and reasonably large MT systems are found in the special issues on MT of ACL [Slocum 1985b], where a comprehensive bibliography of MT from 1973 to 1984 is also given. In addition, [Nishida 1985] gives a very clear idea of what is going on in Japanese MT research.
Online Social Network Users’ Attitudes toward Personality Traits Predict Behaviour of their Friends

Р ассматривается значение установок на черты личности при общении в социальной сети «Вконтакте». В начале исследования предполагалось, что данные установки могут влиять на то, как другие пользователи («друзья») проявляют себя при виртуальном взаимодействии. В исследовании, в котором приняли участие 1030 человек, изучалась роль метакогнитивной разновидности характерных адаптаций как ключевого элемента пятифакторной теории личности. Наряду с установками на черты исследовались и другие метакогнитивные характерные адаптации: диспозициональная эффективность, отраженная черта, отраженная установка на черту. Установлено, что экстраверсия является наиболее сильным среди черт личности предиктором поведения в социальной сети. Важно, что этот факт получен не в связи с самоотчетными данными, а в связи с фактическим поведением. При этом речь идет о поведении других людей («друзей») в отношении данного пользователя. Было также установлено, что число «лайков» (положительных оценок) портретов пользователя увеличивалось при положительных установках на каждую из пяти черт личности: экстраверсию, доброжелательность, добросовестность, эмоциональную стабильность и открытость опыту. При этом эффекты самих черт личности на «лайки» элиминировались установками на соответствующие черты. Автор высказывает предположение о том, что роль установок на черты (в отличие от черт) заключается в селекции индивидом определенного социального окружения, соответствующего данной установке. Это, в свою очередь, может влиять на поведение других людей в отношении индивида, что и было продемонстрировано в исследовании. Ключевые слова: черты личности, пятифакторная теория личности, характерные адаптации, метакогниции, социальные установки, социальные сети.
A Non-Full Spreading Full-Diversity Full-Rate STBC Design for Multiple Antennas BICM-ID Systems

Non-full spreading space-time block code(NFS-STBC) means the time period of one block is less than the number of transmit antennas($s<n_t$). NFS-STBC, compared with the conventional full spreading STBC(FS-STBC), have higher transmission rate but usually lower diversity order. In this paper, by considering the combination of STBC with bit- interleaved coded QAM modulations(BICM) systems, we propose a non-full spreading full-diversity full- rate STBC transmitted over frequency non-selective multiple antenna channels. The NFS-STBC is designed based on the combination of couples of principles, including minimal complexity, the D.N. A criterion and fast convergence, and does not require the knowledge of the channel matrix at the transmitter side. The simulation results show that the proposed NFS-STBC achieves the maximum diversity order, full rate and high coding gain with low detecting complexity.
TR-RI-10-321 Convergence Analysis of a Multiagent Cooperation Model ( Extended Version )

Cooperation between autonomous and rational agents is still a challenge. The problem even gets harder if the agents follow different policies or if they are designed by different companies that have contradicting goals. In such systems agents cannot rely on the cooperation willingness of the other agents. Mostly, the reason for receiving cooperation is not observable as it is a result of the private decision process of the other agent. We deal with a multiagent system where the agents decide with whom to cooperate on the basis of multiple criteria. The system models these criteria with the help of propositions. The agents rate these propositions with valuevectors to model different degrees of agreement. Interaction can only occur between agents that are linked together in a network structure. In this system, the agents adapt their values through imitation of the best performing neighbor and rewire their connections if they have uncooperative neighbors. We will present a theoretical analysis of this imitation-based agent learning mechanism and we will analyze the convergence to cooperative behavior. This paper also presents a worst case scenario in which the mechanism will fail. However, we will show in an experimental analysis that this scenario can be neglected in most randomly generated scenarios. M. Eberling, H. Kleine Büning Convergence Analysis of a Multiagent Cooperation Model
Updated Constraints on the Minimal Supergravity Model

We provide an up-to-date analysis of the parameter space of the minimal supergravity model (mSUGRA). Novel features include the new central value of the top quark mass, an improved calculation of the masses of the supersymmetric particles and the neutral Higgs bosons, constraints from b to s \ell^+ \ell^- decays, and a careful treatment of the most important experimental and theoretical uncertainties. In addition to the by now traditional plots of the allowed region in the (m_0, m_{1/2}) plane, we show allowed regions in the planes spanned by pairs of {\em physical} sparticle or Higgs boson masses. Moreover, we search for the minimal allowed masses of new particles for various sets of constraints. We find that in many cases the direct experimental limits from collider and Dark Matter searches can be saturated even in this minimal model, and even after including the by now quite restrictive constraint on the Dark Matter relic density.