Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On a finite horizon EOQ model with cycle dependent trade credit policies and time dependent parameters

In most inventory models it is assumed that the parameters of the model do not vary with time, and that the payment of orders from the retailer to the supplier is made immediately up on the receipt of these orders. Some suppliers, however, allow a certain fixed period to settle payment accounts. During this fixed period no interest is charged by the supplier, but beyond that period an interest, with the conditions agreed upon, is charged on the retailer. However, an interest can be earned by the retailer from the revenue that he receives during the given credit period. In this paper we develop and solve a general finite horizon trade credit economic ordering policy for an inventory model with deteriorating items where each of the demand, deterioration rates as well as all cost parameters are known and arbitrary functions of time. Both inflation and time value of money are incorporated in all cost components. The time horizon is divided into different cycles each of which has its own demand rate and its own trade credit period offered from the supplier to his retailer so that the retailer should pay his supplier before or after the end of the permissible trade credit of that cycle. Shortages are not allowed in any cycle. The objective of the retailer is to minimize his net total relevant costs. A closed form of this net total cost is derived and the resulting model is solved. Then rigorous mathematical methods are used to show that, under some seemingly possible conditions, there exists a unique vector of the relevant decision variables that solve the underlying inventory system.
CNVs of human genes and their implication in pharmacogenetics

Pharmacogenetics encompasses genetic variation with importance for drug response and adverse drug reactions with emphasis on drug transporters, drug metabolizing enzymes, and drug receptors. The highest penetrance with respect to drug action is generally observed for variability in genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes, and gene copy number variations play a very important role in this respect. Alleles containing 0–13 active gene copies have been described, and this variation affects the clinical outcome of treatment for about 20–30% of all drugs. Gene copy number variation has also an influence on nicotine metabolism and detoxification by glutathione transferases and sulfotransferases. In the current overview we provide an update of the situation with emphasis on clinically important examples.
Translation from Indonesian to Japanese Using English as Pivot Language

In this paper, we propose a query translation method for Cross Lingual Information Retrieval (CLIR) system which works for Japanese (target language) documents with Indonesian (source language) queries. Because Indonesian-Japanese is an unfamiliar language pair, it is difficult to translate Indonesian queries to Japanese directly. Therefore, we use English as a pivot language for transitive translation using both IndonesianEnglish dictionary and English-Japanese dictionary. The experiment against NTCIR-3 Web Retrieval Task data shows that our proposed method is comparable to Indonesian-Japanese dictionary which contains 5000 most frequent words.
Formate as an Auxiliary Substrate for Glucose-Limited Cultivation of Penicillium chrysogenum: Impact on Penicillin G Production and Biomass Yield

ABSTRACT Production of β-lactams by the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum requires a substantial input of ATP. During glucose-limited growth, this ATP is derived from glucose dissimilation, which reduces the product yield on glucose. The present study has investigated whether penicillin G yields on glucose can be enhanced by cofeeding of an auxiliary substrate that acts as an energy source but not as a carbon substrate. As a model system, a high-producing industrial strain of P. chrysogenum was grown in chemostat cultures on mixed substrates containing different molar ratios of formate and glucose. Up to a formate-to-glucose ratio of 4.5 mol·mol−1, an increasing rate of formate oxidation via a cytosolic NAD+-dependent formate dehydrogenase increasingly replaced the dissimilatory flow of glucose. This resulted in increased biomass yields on glucose. Since at these formate-to-glucose ratios the specific penicillin G production rate remained constant, the volumetric productivity increased. Metabolic modeling studies indicated that formate transport in P. chrysogenum does not require an input of free energy. At formate-to-glucose ratios above 4.5 mol·mol−1, the residual formate concentrations in the cultures increased, probably due to kinetic constraints in the formate-oxidizing system. The accumulation of formate coincided with a loss of the coupling between formate oxidation and the production of biomass and penicillin G. These results demonstrate that, in principle, mixed-substrate feeding can be used to increase the yield on a carbon source of assimilatory products such as β-lactams.
When Terrorism Hits Home

Presents the results of a 2002 survey conducted by the RAND Corporation assessing how prepared state and local law enforcement agencies are for terrorism in the post-9/11 environment. The survey provides the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Office of Domestic Preparedness an important baseline for gauging where the law enforcement community stood on the eve of the formation of DHS and for assessing future progress in improving U.S. preparedness for terrorism.
Structural and transcriptional analysis of human papillomavirus type 16 sequences in cervical carcinoma cell lines

We cloned and analyzed the integrated human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) genomes that are present in the human cervical carcinoma cell lines SiHa and CaSki. The single HPV-16 genome in the SiHa line was cloned as a 10-kilobase (kb) HindIII fragment. Integration of the HPV-16 genome occurred at bases 3132 and 3384 with disruption of the E2 and E4 open reading frames (ORFs). An additional 52-base-pair deletion of HPV-16 sequences fused the E2 and E4 ORFs. the 5' portion of the disrupted E2 ORF terminated immediately in the contiguous human right-flanking sequences. Heteroduplex analysis of this cloned integrated viral genome with the prototype HPV-16 DNA revealed no other deletions, insertions, or rearrangements. DNA sequence analysis of the E1 ORF, however, revealed the presence of an additional guanine at nucleotide 1138, resulting in the fusion of the E1a and E1b ORFs into a single E1 ORF. Sequence analysis of the human flanking sequences revealed one-half of an Alu sequence at the left junction and a sequence highly homologous to the human O repeat in the right-flanking region. Analysis of the three most abundant BamHI clones from the CaSki line showed that these consisted of full-length, 7.9-kb HPV-16 DNA; a 6.5-kb genome resulting from a 1.4-kb deletion of the long control region; and a 10.5-kb clone generated by a 2.6-kb tandem repeat of the 3' early region. These HPV-16 genomes were arranged in the host chromosomes as head-to-tail, tandemly repeated arrays. Transcription analysis revealed expression of the HPV-16 genome in each of these two cervical carcinoma cell lines, albeit at significantly different levels. Preliminary mapping of the viral RNA with subgenomic strand-specific probes indicated that viral transcription appeared to be derived primarily from the E6 and E7 ORFs.
Finite element computation of elliptical vocal tract impedances using the two-microphone transfer function method

A two-microphone transfer function (TMTF) method is adapted to a numerical framework to compute the radiation and input impedances of three-dimensional vocal tracts of elliptical cross-section. In its simplest version, the TMTF method only requires measuring the acoustic pressure at two points in an impedance duct and the postprocessing of the corresponding transfer function. However, some considerations are to be taken into account when using the TMTF method in the numerical context, which constitute the main objective of this paper. In particular, the importance of including absorption at the impedance duct walls to avoid lengthy numerical simulations is discussed and analytical complex axial wave numbers for elliptical ducts are derived for this purpose. It is also shown how the direct impedance of plane wave propagation can be computed beyond the TMTF maximum threshold frequency by appropriate location of the virtual microphones. Virtual microphone spacing is also discussed on the basis of the so-called singularity factor. Numerical examples include the computation of the radiation impedance of vowels /a/, /i/, and /u/ and the input impedance of vowel /a/, for simplified vocal tracts of circular and elliptical cross-sections.
Development of Cup Inner Surface Smoothing Process by Ironing

Ironing process is a normal method to improve the surface quality and thickness precision of a drawn cup. Multi-stage processes that combined drawing and ironing, have been developed to obtain the cups with a each surface quality. However, the ironing process is generally used to outside of the drawn cup, and the trial to improve the inside surface property is not carried out very much. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of ironing process on the improvement of the surface quality of multi-stage drawn cup. The effects of the ironing reduction, lubricants and punch shape on the improvement of the inner surface properties are investigated by using a series of experiment. It is found that the inner ironing process is effective to improve the inner surface properties of a drawn cup.
Severity Assessment of ERP-Organization Misalignment: Honing in on Ontological Structure and Context Specificity

It has been estimated that at least half of all ERP (enterprise resource planning packages) implementations fail to meet expectations or achieve estimated benefits. In many cases, the misalignments between ERP features and organizational requirements have resulted in costly workarounds. In extreme cases, such misalignments have even contributed to project abandonment and organizational failure. One question that arises is why such severe misalignments have not been surfaced and recognized by organizations. Specifically, this paper proposes a framework that seeks to assess the severity of misalignment by critically examining the seductive universal best practices embedded in ERP. The framework is grounded theoretically on key ontological and context specificity concepts. We illustrate the framework by applying it to several hundred instances of misfits that we collected from multiple ERP implementations. We use the results of the analysis to shed light on the functionality black box of ERP misalignment.
On the Impossibility of Cryptography Alone for Privacy-Preserving Cloud Computing

Cloud computing denotes an architectural shift toward thin clients and conveniently centralized provision of computing resources. Clients' lack of direct resource control in the cloud prompts concern about the potential for data privacy violations, particularly abuse or leakage of sensitive information by service providers. Cryptography is an oft-touted remedy. Among its most powerful primitives is fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), dubbed by some the field's "Holy Grail," and recently realized as a fully functional construct with seeming promise for cloud privacy. We argue that cryptography alone can't enforce the privacy demanded by common cloud computing services, even with such powerful tools as FHE. We formally define a hierarchy of natural classes of private cloud applications, and show that no cryptographic protocol can implement those classes where data is shared among clients. We posit that users of cloud services will also need to rely on other forms of privacy enforcement, such as tamperproof hardware, distributed computing, and complex trust ecosystems.
Intel Mash Maker: join the web

Intel® Mash Maker is an interactive tool that tracks what the user is doing and tries to infer what information and visualizations they might find useful for their current task. Mash Maker uses structured data from existing web sites to create new "mashed up" interfaces combining information from many sources. The Intel® Mash Maker client is currently implemented as an extension to the FireFox web browser. Mash Maker adds a toolbar to the browser that shows buttons representing enhancements that Mash Maker believes the user might want to apply to the current page. An enhancement might combine the data on the page with data from another source, or visualize data in a new way. Mash Maker is intended to be an integral part of the way the user browses information, rather than being a special tool that a user uses when they want to create mashups. In order to create mashups from normal websites, Mash Maker must first extract structured data from them. If the web site does not provide RDF data, then Mash Maker extracts structured data from the raw HTML using a community-maintained database of extractors, where each extractor describes how to extract structured data from a particular kind of web site.
Fabrication and performance optimization of Mn–Zn ferrite/EP composites as microwave absorbing materials

Magnesium-substituted Mn0.8Zn0. 2Fe2O4 ferrite is synthesized by the sol–gel combustion method using citrate acid as the complex agent. The electromagnetic absorbing behaviors of ferrite/polymer coatings fabricated by dispersing Mn– Zn ferrite into epoxy resin(EP) are studied. The microstructure and morphology are characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Complex permittivity, complex permeability, and reflection loss of ferrite/EP composite coating are investigated in a low frequency range. It is found that the prepared ferrite particles are traditional cubic spinel ferrite particles with an average size of 200 nm. The results reveal that the electromagnetic microwave absorbing properties are significantly influenced by the weight ratio of ferrite to polymer. The composites with a weight ratio of ferrite/polymer being 3:20 have a maximum reflection loss of –16 dB and wide absorbing band. Thus, the Mn–Zn ferrite is the potential candidate in electromagnetic absorbing application in the low frequency range(10 MHz–1 GHz).
Combining Multiple Lexical Resources for Chinese Textual Entailment Recognition

Identifying Textual Entailment is the task of finding the relationship between the given hypothesis and text fragments. Developing a high-performance text paraphrasing system usually requires rich external knowledge such as syntactic parsing, thesaurus which is limited in Chinese since the Chinese word segmentation problem should be resolve first. By following last year, in this year, we continue adopting the created RITE system and combine with multiple online available thesaurus. We derive two exclusive feature sets for learners. One is the operations between the text pairs, while the other adopted the traditional bag-of-words model. Finally, we train the classifier with the above features. The official results indicate the effectiveness of our method.
Actionable User Intentions for Real-Time Mobile Assistant Applications

We have developed a class of mobile applications that monitor and assist users with their tasks in time and space. The applications provide users with suggestions and reminders based on derived user intent. User intentions are derived from calendar and to-do list entries and are placed in time and space based on user context and availability for the suggested tasks, and the availability of resources in their environment that are critical to task accomplishment.
An efficient anycast scheme for discovering k services in cluster-based mobile ad hoc networks

Anycast is a one-to-any bidirectional transmission scheme that can be used to provide various service-oriented applications. However, traditional anycast cannot support some distributed applications that need to locate multiple servers such as network time protocols and threshold cryptography. Although there are some extended anycast schemes that can support the discovery of k services, they may cause high control overhead, low satisfaction ratio, or high searching latency when there are more service requesters and providers. The main reasons for these shortcomings are unknown service information and limited hierarchical structure. This work proposes an efficient anycast scheme, called AnyKast, for discovering k services in cluster-based mobile ad hoc networks. In the AnyKast scheme, an anycast tree based on the clustering and virtual backbone is established to reduce unnecessary message transmission. In the anycast tree, anycast clusterheads disseminate their information to certain specific nodes that take the service information and perform the service selection task instead of blindly searching. Furthermore, to decrease the cost of service information collection and maintenance, scope flooding is used to limit the information transmission, and information piggybacking and periodical inquiry mechanism are used to increase the service information accuracy. The experimental results demonstrate that our scheme can effectively discover services, reduce request and reply message control overhead, and lower the searching latency. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cooperation between HMGA1, PDX-1, and MafA is Essential for Glucose-Induced Insulin Transcription in Pancreatic Beta Cells

The high-mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) protein is a nuclear architectural factor that can organize chromatin structures. It regulates gene expression by controlling the formation of stereospecific multiprotein complexes called “enhanceosomes” on the AT-rich regions of target gene promoters. Previously, we reported that defects in HMGA1 caused decreased insulin receptor expression and increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans and mice. Interestingly, mice with disrupted HMGA1 gene had significantly smaller islets and decreased insulin content in their pancreata, suggesting that HMGA1 may have a direct role in insulin transcription and secretion. Herein, we investigate the regulatory roles of HMGA1 in insulin transcription. We provide evidence that HMGA1 physically interacts with PDX-1 and MafA, two critical transcription factors for insulin gene expression and beta-cell function, both in vitro and in vivo. We then show that the overexpression of HMGA1 significantly improves the transactivating activity of PDX-1 and MafA on human and mouse insulin promoters, while HMGA1 knockdown considerably decreased this transactivating activity. Lastly, we demonstrate that high glucose stimulus significantly increases the binding of HMGA1 to the insulin (INS) gene promoter, suggesting that HMGA1 may act as a glucose-sensitive element controlling the transcription of the INS gene. Together, our findings provide evidence that HMGA1, by regulating PDX-1- and MafA-induced transactivation of the INS gene promoter, plays a critical role in pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin production.
Health-Based Risk Assessment : Risk-Adjusted Payments and Beyond

AcademyHealth is the national program office for HCFO, an initiative of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. A number of payers across the country, including Medicaid managed care programs, the Medicare+Choice program, some state employee programs, and a few private purchasing cooperatives, have adjusted their payments based on health status. Researchers generally agree that most health-based risk-assessment tools, which are used to determine how much a payment should be adjusted, provide comparable levels of predictability, and a variety of tools are in use today. As payers have gained more experience with these tools and the concept of health-based risk assessment, both the concept and tools have become accepted more widely. There are differences, however, among levels of implementation in various markets. One persistent question is why risk adjusted payments are more common in publicly financed programs than in the employer-based insurance markets. This question is particularly important given the ever-increasing fragmentation of the private insurance market, as employers opt for " consumer-directed " and other high-cost-sharing plans. In addition to concerns about risk pool fragmentation, there is a growing understanding, highlighted by the Institute of Medicine's 2001 report Crossing the Quality Chasm, that quality of care must be improved. Risk-assessment tools originally developed to modify payment and expand access are now also being used to improve quality. To better understand the benefits and shortcomings of risk assessment and adjustment as vehicles for maintaining viable risk pools and guiding medical management toward high-quality care and access to insurance coverage, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Changes in Health Care Financing and Organization (HCFO) program and the Kaiser Permanente Institute for Health Policy brought together risk adjustment experts, public and private purchasers, and representatives from health plans to discuss their experiences. They addressed the roles that risk assessment and adjustment have played in keeping risk pools intact. Attendees also explored the role of risk assessment in helping health plans and providers improve quality of care through a variety of innovative uses such as predictive modeling, high-cost care identification, provider profiling, and identification of patients for disease management programs. They also considered the barriers to more widespread use of risk-assessment tools for adjusting payments and other innovative uses. The purpose of this report is to explain the underlying concepts and tools critical to those considering a variety of risk assessment applications. It summarizes the experiences to date in three market sectors: Medicare, Medicaid, and the …
BASIC regenerating code: Binary addition and shift for exact repair

Regenerating code is a class of storage codes that achieve the optimal trade-off between storage capacity and repair bandwidth, which are two important performance metrics in data storage systems. However, existing constructions of regenerating codes rely on expensive computational operations such as finite field multiplication. The high coding and repair complexity limit their applications in large-scale practical storage systems. In this paper, we show that it is possible to achieve the full potential of regenerating codes with low computational complexity. In particular, we propose a new class of regenerating codes, called BASIC codes, that can achieve two specific points (i.e., minimum-bandwidth and minimum-storage regenerating points) on the storage and repair bandwidth trade-off curve, using only binary addition and shift operations in the coding and repair processes. Although in this paper we focus on constructing and analyzing BASIC codes for two specific exact-repair settings, our framework can be generalized to develop BASIC codes for more general exact- and functional-repair regenerating codes.