Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
VENLAFAXINE - INDUCED ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION

facets. BDD, whether delusional or non-delusional, responds to antidepressants, particularly SRIs. A recent double-blind trial comparing clomipramine with desipramine demonstrated the efficacy of the former irrespective of whether the patients had insight or held their dysmorphic perception with delusional intensity (Hollander etal., 1999). Moreover, there are reports of cases resistant to pimozide, the traditional choice for delusional BDD, subsequently responding to SRIs, which also happened in this patient (Wada et al., 1999). Thus the emerging consensus is that SRIs may be considered as first line agents in the treatment of BDD (Phillips etal., 1998; Hollander etal., 1999). An intriguing observation in our case was the non-response to one SRI and a subsequent response to another. Such a preferential response to one SRI over another has been cited before (Dominguez & Puig, 1997). Hence, a failed trial of one SRI should not deter a clinician from trying a second SRI. Augmenting with buspirone represents another alternative. Finally, another finding of significant clinical importance is that the presence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, syndromal or otherwise, in BDD are not a prerequisite for response to SRIs considering that these agents have additional anti-obsessive properties and that BDD is an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder (Hollander et al., 1999). This too was adequately demonstrated by this report. Olfactory reference syndrome responds to clomipramine and not fluoxetine: a case report. (1999) Clomipramine vs desipramine crossover trial in body dysmorphic disorder. (1999) Clomipramine treatment of delusional disorder, somatic type. Sir, Venlafaxine is a selective serotonin-noradernaline reuptake inhibitor available in the Indian market in immediate and extended release (XR) preparations. Although dose-related hypertension is the commonly reported adverse effect of this drug with an incidence ranging form 3 to 13 % depending on the dose (Beauclair et al., 2000), we describe a patient who developed unexpected orthostatic hypotension and had no underlying cardiac compromise P.T. , a 46-year-old male diagnosed with treatment-resistant bipolar depression was started on venlafaxine-XR at a dose of 37.5 mg/day Then next dose hike was by 37.5 mg/day after four days with subsequent increase by 75 mg/day after a
Yin Yang 1 Cooperates with Activator Protein 2 to Stimulate ERBB2 Gene Expression in Mammary Cancer Cells*

Overexpression of the ERBB2 oncogene is observed in about 30% of breast cancers and is generally correlated with a poor prognosis. Previous results from our and other laboratories indicated that elevated transcriptional activity contributes significantly to the overexpression of ERBB2 mRNA in mammary adenocarcinoma cell lines. Activator protein 2 (AP-2) transcription factors account for this overexpression through two recognition sequences located 215 and 500 bp upstream from the transcription start site. Furthermore, AP-2 transcription factors are highly expressed in cancer cell lines overexpressing ERBB2. In this report, we examined the cooperative effect of Yin Yang 1 (YY1) on AP-2-induced activation of ERBB2 promoter activity. We detected high levels of YY1 transcription factor in mammary cancer cell lines. Notably, we showed that YY1 enhances AP-2α transcriptional activation of the ERBB2 promoter through an AP-2 site both in HepG2 and in HCT116 cells, whereas a carboxyl-terminal-truncated form of YY1 cannot. Moreover, we demonstrated the interaction between endogenous AP-2 and YY1 factors in the BT-474 mammary adenocarcinoma cell line. In addition, inhibition of endogenous YY1 protein by an antisense decreased the transcription of an AP-2-responsive ERBB2 reporter plasmid in BT-474 breast cancer cells. Finally, we detected in vivo AP-2 and YY1 occupancy of the ERBB2 proximal promoter in chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Our data thus provide evidence that YY1 cooperates with AP-2 to stimulate ERBB2 promoter activity through the AP-2 binding sites.
Distinguishing between type-shifting and pragmatic inferencing

Although Complement Coercion has been systematically associated with computational cost, there remains a serious confound in the experimental evidence built up in previous studies. The confound arises from the fact that lexicosemantic differences within the set of verbs assumed to involve coercion have not been taken into consideration. From among the set of verbs that have been reported to exhibit complement coercion effects we identified two clear semantic classes — aspectual verbs and psychological verbs. We hypothesize that the semantic difference between the two should result in differing processing profiles. Aspectual predicates (begin) trigger coercion and processing cost while psychological predicates (enjoy) do not. Evidence from an eye-tracking experiment supports our hypothesis. Coercion costs are restricted to aspectual predicates while no such effects are found with psychological predicates. These findings have implications for how these two kinds of predicates might be lexically encoded as well as for whether the observed interpolation of eventive meaning can be attributed to type-shifting (e.g., McElree, Traxler, Pickering, Seely, & Jackendoff, 2001) or to pragmatic-inferential processes (e.g., De Almeida, 2004).
Dynamic spectrum allocation algorithm with interference management in displaced networks

Dynamic spectrum allocation (DSA) has been cited as a promising mechanism for managing the radio spectrum for coexisting systems. The goal of the DSA scheme is to increase the performance of networks in the shared spectrum, by providing a more efficient way of utilisation. This work addresses analytically the impact of multi-cell, multi-operator interference on the overall spectrum when multiple operators co-exist and share a common pool of radio resources. We propose a centralised DSA scheme that is able to capture the interference level and interact dynamically to minimise interference and enhance spectrum utilisation while maintaining a satisfactory level of QoS. Furthermore, a concise system model and framework able to describe the interaction among different operators is presented. The DSA algorithm has been investigated for co-located and displaced cellular networks. The simulation results indicate that the proposed DSA algorithm significantly outperforme the fixed spectrum allocation (FSA) ensuring minimum level of interference in the system. The QoS of the overall system has been improved in the DSA compared to traditional FSA. Moreover, the proposed algorithm enhanced the spectrum utilization by 26% guaranteeing that all operators are given fair access to the shared spectrum.
Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine Dovepress Respiratory Disorders in Endurance Athletes – How Much Do They Really Have to Endure?

Respiratory disorders are often a cause of morbidity in top level endurance athletes, more often compromising their performance and rarely being a cause of death. Pathophysiological events occurring during exercise, such as bronchospasm, are sometimes followed by clear pathological symptoms represented by asthma related to physical exertion or rarely by pulmonary edema induced by a strenuous effort. Both bronchospasm and the onset of interstitial edema induced by exercise cannot be considered pathological per se, but are more likely findings that occur in several healthy subjects once physical exhaustion during exertion has been reached. Consequently, we get a vision of the respiratory system perfectly tailored to meet the body's metabolic demands under normal conditions but which is limited when challenged by strenuous exercise, in particular when it happens in an unfavorable environment. As extreme physical effort may elicit a pathological response in healthy subjects, due to the exceeding demand in a perfectly functional system, an overview of the main tools both enabling the diagnosis of respiratory impairment in endurance athletes in a clinical and preclinical phase has also been described.
Acoustic Features Affecting Speaker Identification by Imitated Voice Analysis

In this paper, physical correlates of perceived personal identity are investigated using imitated 16 utterances spoken by 11 mimicry speakers and 24 test subjects. Our unique strategy to use non-professional impersonators enabled to prepare test utterances with wide range of perceived similarities. Reasonably high correlations (0.46 and 0.44) in multiple regression analysis were attained by grouping subjects into three groups based on cluster analysis of the subjective test results. Without clustering, the correlation was only 0.17. Cluster analysis also revealed differences in their focusing physical correlates between three groups indicating importance of individual differences both in speakers and listeners.
Toward efficient and equitable distributed air traffic flow control

In order to ensure efficient and equitable use of the National Airspace, the problem of air traffic flow control is posed as a PDE constrained optimization program which explicitly incorporates distinct preferences for independent airlines. Novel cost metrics are introduced to capture the real-world cost of delays to the airlines, and control parameters are aligned with the actual inputs the FAA can manipulate in dealing with adverse weather conditions, which include ground-delay programs, miles-in-trail restrictions and flight reroutes. A market mechanism is proposed that allows for distributed computation of efficient and equitable solutions. The resulting solution preferentially reduces delays for expensive flights, but compensates less expensive flights via transfer payments
Multi-Input Feature Combination in the Cepstral Domain for Practical Speech Recognition Systems

In this paper we describe a new framework of feature combination in the cepstral domain for multi-input robust speech recognition. The general framework of working in the cepstral domain has various advantages over working in the time or hypothesis domain. It is stable, easy to maintain, and less expensive because it does not require precise calibration. It is also easy to configure in a complex speech recognition system. However, it is not straightforward to improve the recognition performance by increasing the number of inputs, and we introduce the concept of variance re-scaling to compensate the negative effect of averaging several input features. Finally, we propose to take another advantage of working in the cepstral domain. The speech can be modeled using hidden Markov models, and the model can be used as prior knowledge. This approach is formulated as a new algorithm, referred to as Hypothesis-Based Feature Combination. The effectiveness of various algorithms are evaluated using two sets of speech databases. We also refer to automatic optimization of some parameters in the proposed algorithms.
VIENNA rectifier II-a novel single-stage high-frequency isolated three-phase PWM rectifier system

Based on an analysis of basic realization possibilities, the structure of the power circuit of a new single-stage three-phase boost-type PWM rectifier system (VIENNA Rectifier II) is developed. This system has continuous sinusoidal time behavior of the input currents and high-frequency isolation of the output voltage which is controlled in a highly dynamic manner. As compared to a conventional two-stage realization, this system has substantially lower complexity and allows to realize several isolated output circuits with minimum effort. The basic function of the new PWM rectifier system is described based on the conducting states occurring within a pulse period. Furthermore, a straightforward space vector oriented method for the system control is proposed which guarantees a symmetric magnetization of the transformer. Also, it makes possible a sinusoidal control of the mains phase currents in phase with the associated phase voltages. By digital simulation the theoretical considerations, the stresses on the power semiconductors of the new converter system are determined. Finally, problems of a practical realization of the system are discussed, as well as the direct start-up and the short circuit protection of the converter. Also, the advantages and disadvantages of the new converter system are compiled in the form of an overview.
Sublevel Categories Contract number : MRTN-CT-2004-005439 Project start / end dates : 1 / 5 / 2005 – 30 / 4 / 2009 Reporting period : 1 / 5 / 2005 – 30 / 4 / 2007

We investigate to what extent ‘bag of visual words’ models can be used to distinguish categories which have significant visual similarity. To this end we develop and optimize a nearest neighbour classifier architecture, which is evaluated on a very challenging database of flower images. The flower categories are chosen to be indistinguishable on colour alone (for example), and have considerable variation in shape, scale, and viewpoint. We demonstrate that by developing a visual vocabulary that explicitly represents the various aspects (colour, shape, and texture) that distinguish one flower from another, we can overcome the ambiguities that exist between flower categories. The novelty lies in the vocabulary used for each aspect, and how these vocabularies are combined into a final classifier. The various stages of the classifier (vocabulary selection and combination) are each optimized on a validation set. Results are presented on a dataset of 1360 images consisting of 17 flower species. It is shown that excellent performance can be achieved, far surpassing standard baseline algorithms using (for example) colour cues alone.
Dephosphorylation of Ser-259 Regulates Raf-1 Membrane Association*

Mitogenic stimulation of Raf-1 is a complex yet incompletely understood process involving membrane relocalization and phosphorylation of activating residues. We recently reported that Raf-1-associated protein phosphatase 2A contributes to kinase activation, an effect mediated via Ser-259 of Raf-1. Here, we show that mitogens stimulate Ser-259 dephosphorylation and Raf-1/protein phosphatase 2A association concomitantly with membrane accumulation and activation of Raf-1. Blocking Ser-259 dephosphorylation inhibits the two latter events, but it does not prevent activation of a S259A Raf-1 mutant, which is preferentially localized at the membrane independently of mitogenic stimulation. Inhibition of Ser-259 dephosphorylation has no effect on the activation of membrane-tethered Raf-1 (Raf-1CAAX). These data show that Ser-259 dephosphorylation contributes to Raf-1 activation by supporting its membrane accumulation rather than by increasing the specific activity of the kinase and provide a mechanistic basis for the support of kinase activation by Raf-1-associated protein phosphatase 2A.
IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES OF CRUDE SAPONINS EXTRACTED FROM ALBUCA BRACTEATA JACQ. BULB.

Background: Albuca bracteata is a medicinal plant traditionally used in the management of diabetes mellitus in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of saponins extracted from the bulb of Albuca bracteata and compared with the crude methanolic extract. Methods: In vitro antioxidant activity was determined using free radical scavenging assays such as DPPH, ABTS and NO2. The anti-inflammatory potential was carried out using inhibition of protein denaturation of egg albumin as a model of anti-inflammatory capacity. Results: Both the crude methanolic extract and saponins showed inhibition of DPPH, ABTS and NO2 scavenging activity. However, the free radical scavenging activity of isolated saponin compared favourably with Rutin and BHT. The crude methanolic extract showed higher inhibition percentage of protein denaturation compared with the saponins at the concentration investigated. Conclusion: This study indicates that saponin from Albuca bracteata bulb possess potent anti-inflammatory activity and is also a good source of natural antioxidant.
Spatial delineation of soil erosion vulnerability in the Lake Tana Basin, Ethiopia

The main objective of this study was to identify the most vulnerable areas to soil erosion in the Lake Tana Basin, Blue Nile, Ethiopia using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a physically based distributed hydrological model, and a Geographic Information System based decision support system that uses multi‐criteria evaluation (MCE). The SWAT model was used to estimate the sediment yield within each sub‐basin and identify the most sediment contributing areas in the basin. Using the MCE analysis, an attempt was made to combine a set of factors (land use, soil, slope and river layers) to make a decision according to the stated objective. On the basis of simulated SWAT, sediment yields greater than 30 tons/ha for each of the sub‐basin area, 18·4% of the watershed was determined to be high erosion potential area. The MCE results indicated that 12–30·5% of the watershed is high erosion potential area. Both approaches show comparable watershed area with high soil erosion susceptibility. The output of this research can aid policy and decision makers in determining the soil erosion ‘hot spots’ and the relevant soil and water conservation measures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Survey Variation in the THC Content of Illicitly Imported Cannabis * Products—1984–1989

Abstract— The tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content of more than 180 samples of fresh illicit Cannabis products, seized by H.M. Customs and Excise on entry into Great Britain and Northern Ireland over the period 1984–1989, has been determined by gas chromatography. The average THC content of herbal cannabis remained high due to good quality cannabis from Jamaica and the USA, but that of cannabis resin was slightly lower. Resin from Morocco has changed significantly in its physical appearance. There was no fresh seizure of cannabis oil in this period.
Traditional Medicinal Plant Extracts and Natural Products with Activity against Oral Bacteria: Potential Application in the Prevention and Treatment of Oral Diseases

Oral diseases are major health problems with dental caries and periodontal diseases among the most important preventable global infectious diseases. Oral health influences the general quality of life and poor oral health is linked to chronic conditions and systemic diseases. The association between oral diseases and the oral microbiota is well established. Of the more than 750 species of bacteria that inhabit the oral cavity, a number are implicated in oral diseases. The development of dental caries involves acidogenic and aciduric Gram-positive bacteria (mutans streptococci, lactobacilli and actinomycetes). Periodontal diseases have been linked to anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus, Prevotella and Fusobacterium). Given the incidence of oral disease, increased resistance by bacteria to antibiotics, adverse affects of some antibacterial agents currently used in dentistry and financial considerations in developing countries, there is a need for alternative prevention and treatment options that are safe, effective and economical. While several agents are commercially available, these chemicals can alter oral microbiota and have undesirable side-effects such as vomiting, diarrhea and tooth staining. Hence, the search for alternative products continues and natural phytochemicals isolated from plants used as traditional medicines are considered as good alternatives. In this review, plant extracts or phytochemicals that inhibit the growth of oral pathogens, reduce the development of biofilms and dental plaque, influence the adhesion of bacteria to surfaces and reduce the symptoms of oral diseases will be discussed further. Clinical studies that have investigated the safety and efficacy of such plant-derived medicines will also be described.
Conservative treatment in rhinosinusitis orbital complications in children aged 2 years and younger.

OBJECTIVE Orbital complications (OC) secondary to acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) in children are uncommon, but can result in severe morbidity and mortality if not treated appropriately. These complications are more common in older children. We evaluate the disease and its management in children aged 2 and under. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-two records of children aged 2 and younger with OC secondary to ARS between 1993 and 2002 were reviewed retrospectively. Parameters recorded included age, gender, clinical symptoms and signs, CT findings, duration of hospitalization, treatment before and during admission, cultures and outcome. RESULTS Forty-eight children were diagnosed with periorbital cellulitis, 4 with subperiosteal abscess and none with orbital abscess or cavernous sinus thrombosis. All were managed conservatively except 1 who underwent surgery. CT scan performed in 8 children revealed sinusitis in only 7. Average length of hospitalization was 3.6 days for preseptal cellulitis and 6.5 for postseptal cellulitis. CONCLUSION SOC secondary to ARS mandates meticulous multidisciplinary follow-up in hospital. CT scan and surgery are indicated in cases of ophthalmoplegia, proptosis, decreased visual acuity or failure of conservative treatment within 48 hours. However, most children aged 2 and younger respond well to conservative treatment and no surgical intervention is required.
Pulmonary Compliance and Lung Volume Are Related to Terrestriality in Anuran Amphibians

Dehydration tolerance of anuran amphibians is directly related to their ability to mobilize lymphatic reserves, with more terrestrial species having more effective lymph mobilization dependent on specialized skeletal muscles acting directly on the lymph sacs and via pulmonary ventilation. Consequently, we tested the hypothesis that pulmonary compliance, lung volume, and femoral lymphatic sac volume were related to terrestriality—and, hence, lymph mobilization—for 18 species of aquatic, semiaquatic, or terrestrial anuran amphibians. Lung compliance and volume were significantly related to body mass, but there was no significant phylogenetic pattern. There were significant habitat-related patterns for mass-corrected and phylogenetically corrected residuals for these pulmonary variables. Femoral lymph volume was significantly related to body mass, with no significant phylogenetic pattern, and there was only a weak correlation for habitat with mass-corrected and phylogenetically corrected residuals. These results suggest that pulmonary volume and compliance are strongly related to terrestriality in anuran amphibians and are under significant selection pressure to enhance lymph mobilization, but lymph sac volume does not appear to have a major role in adaptation to terrestriality.
Comprehensive logfiles for autonomic systems

Summary form only given. A proposal for a new generation of logfiles with regard to new challenges posed by autonomic computing is presented. While a variety of techniques are being developed on the way to autonomic computing, the problem of a system's logfiles remains to be critical. Several recommendations for logfile design are introduced: (a) Event type and source of events have to be distinguishably incorporated into the design, (b) Logfiles should incorporate hierarchical numbering schemes, (c) Information contained in logfiles should be categorized into classes, (d) Logfiles have to easily lend themselves to automatic analysis, (e) Information density of logfiles should be considered in the design of logging functionality. A metric to measure information entropy of logfiles is proposed. The type of information to be included in logfiles in order to support various aspects of autonomic computing as originally defined by IBM's eight elements is specified.