Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imatinib: can one outwit chronic myeloid leukemia?

were most notable in large-sized platelet subpopulations. The implication is that the bleeding tendency in these disorders is secondary to abnormal in vivo platelet-vessel wall and platelet-platelet interactions caused by decreased levels of GPIb-VIX. An interesting finding given the necessary interconnection between cytoskeletal components and membrane proteins. This suggested mechanism deserves to be explored in the future. These interesting observations represent the first extension to exploring the altered downstream pathways which lead to bleeding dysfunction in the MYH9-related disorders. The shared pathway with BSS of decreased GPIb-V-IX complex seems to satisfy one question. However, these results do not explain the macrothrombocytopenia shared between all these disorders, including BSS. Therefore, as with any good result, more questions have arisen in this puzzle. Clearly, the challenges ahead are exciting.
A Glutathione S-Transferase Regulated by Light and Hormones Participates in the Modulation of Arabidopsis Seedling Development1[C][W][OA]

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) have been well documented to be involved in diverse aspects of biotic and abiotic stresses, especially detoxification processes. Whether they regulate plant development remains unclear. Here, we report on our isolation by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of a plant GST, AtGSTU17, from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and demonstrate that its expression is regulated by multiple photoreceptors, especially phytochrome A (phyA) under all light conditions. Further physiological studies indicated that AtGSTU17 participates in various aspects of seedling development, including hypocotyl elongation, anthocyanin accumulation, and far-red light-mediated inhibition of greening with a requirement of functional phyA. The loss-of-function mutant of AtGSTU17 (atgstu17) resulted in reduced biomass of seedlings and number of lateral roots in the presence of auxin, as well as insensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated inhibition of root elongation, with similarity to different phyA mutant alleles. Moreover, the root phenotype conferred by atgstu17 was reflected by histochemical β-glucuronidase staining of AtGSTU17 promoter activity with the addition of auxin or ABA. Further microarray analysis of wild-type Columbia and atgstu17 seedlings treated with far-red irradiation or ABA revealed that AtGSTU17 might modulate hypocotyl elongation by positively regulating some light-signaling components and negatively regulating a group of auxin-responsive genes and modulate root development by negatively controlling an auxin transport protein in the presence of ABA. Therefore, our data reveal that AtGSTU17 participates in light signaling and might modulate various aspects of Arabidopsis development by affecting glutathione pools via a coordinated regulation with phyA and phytohormones.
Prevalence of asymptomatic lower limb venous thrombosis in infertile women with thrombophilic disorders

Objective We sought to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic venous thrombosis in infertile women with thrombophilic disorders (TDs). Methods and results A total of 73 infertile women with TDs underwent duplex ultrasound scan to evaluate superficial and deep venous circulation of lower limbs. A control group of 35 infertile women without TDs was included. A single TD was found in 13 (17.8%) subjects, and 40 (54.8%) women presented a combined defect (more than three alterations). No residual mural thrombosis (RT) was noted in any deep veins. We found RT in 48 (65.8%) patients of TD group, while no RT was found in the control group (p < 0.0001). None of the clinical and prothrombotic factors were predictors of RT (all p > 0.20), and frequency of TD did not correlate with multi-vessel RT (p = 0.252). Conclusions No signs of deep vein thrombosis but high prevalence of superficial RT is present in infertile women with TDs. Further studies are needed to assess the prognostic value of our findings.
INFLUENCE OF BIOCOMPATIBLE COATINGS ON MAGNESIUM ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS

This article reports the bioactive resorptive coatings, formed on magnesium alloy substrates, using the method of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), and their cytocompatibility with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Were obtained the protective coatings containing hydroxyapatite with a ratio Ca/P = 1.6 close to the bone tissue index (1.67) on the magnesium alloy MA8 in the electrolyte solution containing calcium glycerophosphate and sodium fluoride in the bipolar regime of PEO. These coatings have a developed porous surface and significantly reduce the rate of corrosion of the magnesium alloy, which makes it possible to consider them as perspective for bioresorbable medical implants. Such bioactive coatings that modify the surface of magnesium provide a porous surface that promotes the strong attachment of MSCs.
Modeling of harmonic measurement radiated by a plane circular piston in fluids

In recent years, the use of nonlinear ultrasound in medical and industrial applications has increased rapidly. Harmonic signals, generated from nonlinear distortion of ultrasonic wave propagation in fluid or solid media, play an important role not only in ultrasonic medical imaging to provide higher resolution and higher contrast to tissue ratio, but also in nondestructive testing of fatigue cracks to provide higher sensitivity. We present a finite element model that embodies all the factors (diffraction, attenuation, receiver integration and tone-burst excitation) mentioned previously to describe the nonlinear characteristics of the ultrasonic field radiated by a plane circular piston source in fluids more accurately. A computer controlled ultrasonic system (RAM-5000 SNAP, Ritec Inc.) was used to verify the numerical predictions. The fundamental and the second harmonic versus axial distance are compared, and a reasonable agreement is achieved.
Case-Based fMRI Analysis after Cognitive Rehabilitation in MS: A Novel Approach

Background Cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis (MS) negatively impacts patients’ everyday functioning and quality of life. Since symptomatic pharmacological treatment is not yet available alternative treatment strategies such as cognitive rehabilitation are of particular interest. Objectives To analyse the ways in which MS patients respond to cognitive training, by combining behavioral and fMRI data in a case-based triangulation approach. Methods Ten relapsing-remitting (RR) MS patients aged between 39 and 58 years and between 1 and 8 years post MS diagnosis were included. EDSS ranged from 1 to 3.5. Participants had normal to high intelligence levels. Six patients were assigned to the training group (TG) and four to the control group (CG) without intervention. The TG received a 4-week computerized working memory (WM) training, consisting of 16 training sessions of 45 min duration each. Before and after the training a neuropsychological examination and fMRI investigation by using an N-back task of different complexity was applied. Results Patients in the TG responded differently to cognitive training. Four participants did not meet the triangulation criteria for being treatment responders. The two responders showed two distinct changes regarding activation patterns after training: (I) decreased brain activation associated with increased processing speed and (II) increased brain activation associated with higher processing speed and WM performance. Conclusion The occurrence of different and opposed response patterns after the same training indicates a risk in applying classical group statistics. Different and especially opposed patterns within the same sample may distort results of classical statistical comparisons. Thus, underlying processes may not be discovered and lead to misinterpretation of results.
The Progress and Development Tendency of Perovskite on Photovoltaic and Electronic-to-optical

The efficiency of perovskite materials solar cells skyrockets from 3.8% in 2009 when it is first developed in this field to 19.3% in 2014, and higher efficiency is also anticipated by researchers and merchants all over the world. Simultaneously, new kinds of LED and semiconductor laser equipments based on pervoskite are also developed with the bright future into a new era and the development treads on the heel of perovskite solar cells. In this paper the state-of-the-art and highlight progressin these related fields will be reviewed and the scientific challenges and comments on the current and future issues are mentioned.
Editorial: Hierarchical Object Representations in the Visual Cortex and Computer Vision

Over the past 40 years, Neurobiology and Computational Neuroscience have proved that deeper understanding of visual processes in humans and non-human primates can lead to important advancements in computational perception theories and systems. One of the main difficulties that arises when designing automatic vision systems is developing a mechanism that can recognize—or simply find—an object when faced with all the possible variations that may occur in a natural scene, and with the ease of the primate visual system. The area of the brain in primates that is dedicated to analyzing visual information is the visual cortex. The visual cortex performs a wide variety of complex tasks by means of seemingly simple operations. These operations are applied to several layers of neurons organized into a hierarchy, the layers representing increasingly complex, abstract intermediate processing stages.
INTERACTION OF D0-BRANE BOUND STATES AND RAMOND-RAMOND PHOTONS

We consider the problem of the interaction between D0-brane bound state and 1-form RR photons by the world-line theory. Based on the fact that in the world-line theory the RR gauge fields depend on the matrix coordinates of D0-branes, the gauge fields also appear as matrices in the formulation. At the classical level, we derive the Lorentz-like equations of motion for D0-branes, and it is observed that the center-of-mass is colourless with respect to the SU(N) sector of the background. Using the path integral method, the perturbation theory for the interaction between the bound state and the RR background is developed. We discuss what kind of field theory may be corresponded to the amplitudes which are calculated by the perturbation expansion in world-line theory. Qualitative considerations show that the possibility of existence of a map between the world-line theory and the non-Abelian gauge theory is very considerable.
OR scheduling algorithms.

We study some classical problems in scheduling. In the rst problem a sequence of jobs must be scheduled on m identical parallel machines. As each job arrives, its processing time(pj) is known. We have to assign the job to one of the machines immediately, without knowledge of the jobs that arrive later. Jobs cannot be preempted. The goal is to minimize the makespan, the time when the last job is completed. The second problem deals with scheduling jobs on a single machine/processor. With each job we have an associated weight(wj), release time(rj) and processing time(pj). Now the objective is to minimize the weighted sum of completion times,Pnj=0wjCj . The constraints are that a job can only be scheduled after its release time, and preemption is not allowed. In the third problem again there are m machines. Each job has to visit the machines in the same xed order. The processing time pij of job j on machine i is known. We want a schedule which minimizes the makespan. A job can only be processed on a single machine at a time. Chapter
Exosomal Heat Shock Proteins as New Players in Tumour Cell-to-Cell Communication

Exosomes have recently been proposed as novel elements in the study of intercellular communication in normal and pathological conditions. The biomolecular composition of exosomes reflects the specialized functions of the original cells. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are a group of chaperone proteins with diverse biological roles. In recent years, many studies have focused on the extracellular roles played by Hsps that appear to be involved in cancer development and immune system stimulation. Hsps localized on the surface of exosomes, secreted by normal and tumour cells, could be key players in intercellular cross-talk, particularly during the course of different diseases, such as cancer. Exosomal Hsps offer significant opportunities for clinical applications, including their use as potential novel biomarkers for the diagnoses or prognoses of different diseases, or for therapeutic applications and drug delivery.
Diagnosis of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity using Retinal Image multiScale Analysis.

PURPOSE To evaluate a semiautomated image analysis software package, Retinal Image multiScale Analysis (RISA), for the diagnosis of plus disease in preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS Digital images of the posterior pole showing both disc and macula in preterm infants with ROP were analyzed with an enhanced version of RISA. Venules (N = 106) and arterioles (N = 44) were identified, and integrated curvature, diameter, and tortuosity of the vessels were calculated. After the RISA calculations were completed, the origins of the vessels were determined to be 32 eyes in 16 infants (12 eyes with plus disease, 20 with no plus disease, as diagnosed by ophthalmic examination). Vessels were sorted into two groups-plus disease and no plus disease-and each RISA parameter was compared using the Mann-Whitney test. For each parameter, sensitivity and specificity were plotted as a function of cutoff criterion, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed, and the areas under the curve (AUC) were calculated. RESULTS For both arterioles and venules, each of the three parameters was significantly larger for the plus disease group. For instance, the median estimated arteriolar and venular diameters were approximately 12 mum greater in plus disease. Sensitivity and specificity plots indicated good accuracy of each parameter for the diagnosis of plus disease. The AUC showed that curvature had the highest diagnostic accuracy (0.911 for arterioles, 0.824 for venules). CONCLUSIONS The strong performance of RISA parameters in this sample suggests that RISA may be useful for diagnosing plus disease in preterm infants with ROP.
Primary prevention of venous thromboembolism in elderly medical patients

Primary prophylaxis with the use of an effective and safe intervention appears the best approach of venous thromboembolism (VTE) management in medical elderly patients, the most affected by VTE. With increasing life expectancy, prevention of VTE, particularly in elderly patients, will arise as a major public health problem. Few well designed clinical trials evaluating thromboprophylaxis in medical settings were conducted in the specific population of geriatric patients. However, among the several pharmacological treatments evaluated, low molecular weight heparins enoxaparin 40 mg daily or dalteparin 5000 IU daily appeared effective and safe in the prevention of VTE in elderly patients. Despite available data, and recommendations for VTE prevention in medical patients, thromboprophylaxis is underused or misused in practice. Heterogeneity of clinical studies, selected populations, concern about bleeding, and lack of a clear clinical benefit are some of the reasons that could explain the gap between theory and practice. In this review, after a brief report of epidemiologic data and specificities of VTE in elderly patients, the authors discuss the available results of VTE primary prevention trials for elderly medical patients, the limitations of these data, and the challenges to improve the practice and to reduce the incidence of this frequent but preventable disease.
Neutral Face Classification Using Personalized Appearance Models for Fast and Robust Emotion Detection

Facial expression recognition is one of the open problems in computer vision. Robust neutral face recognition in real time is a major challenge for various supervised learning-based facial expression recognition methods. This is due to the fact that supervised methods cannot accommodate all appearance variability across the faces with respect to race, pose, lighting, facial biases, and so on, in the limited amount of training data. Moreover, processing each and every frame to classify emotions is not required, as user stays neutral for majority of the time in usual applications like video chat or photo album/web browsing. Detecting neutral state at an early stage, thereby bypassing those frames from emotion classification would save the computational power. In this paper, we propose a light-weight neutral versus emotion classification engine, which acts as a pre-processer to the traditional supervised emotion classification approaches. It dynamically learns neutral appearance at key emotion (KE) points using a statistical texture model, constructed by a set of reference neutral frames for each user. The proposed method is made robust to various types of user head motions by accounting for affine distortions based on a statistical texture model. Robustness to dynamic shift of KE points is achieved by evaluating the similarities on a subset of neighborhood patches around each KE point using the prior information regarding the directionality of specific facial action units acting on the respective KE point. The proposed method, as a result, improves emotion recognition (ER) accuracy and simultaneously reduces computational complexity of the ER system, as validated on multiple databases.
Distinguishing groups of children with persistent speech disorder: Findings from a prospective population study

Abstract As part of a large-scale study of children's development, 7390 children were assessed on a range of speech tasks. These were used to identify three groups of children with speech errors within the sample: persistent speech disorder (PSD); speech errors but below the threshold for classification as persistent speech disorder (non-PSD); and common clinical distortions only (CCD). These three groups were compared on demographic factors, performance on IQ, non-word repetition, and diadochokinetic tests. Findings showed that the PSD group and the non-PSD group were most similar for gender, socio-economic status, IQ, and non-word repetition. In the diadochokinetic tasks, the PSD group and the CCD groups were more similar. Implications for these findings in terms of clinical practice are discussed.
Architecturing Dynamic Data Race Detection as a Cloud-Based Service

A web-based service consists of layers of programs (components) in the technology stack. Analyzing program executions of these components separately allows service vendors to acquire insights into specific program behaviors or problems in these components, thereby pinpointing areas of improvement in their offering services. Many existing approaches for testing as a service take an orchestration approach that splits components under test and the analysis services into a set of distributed modules communicating through message-based approaches. In this paper, we present the first work in providing dynamic analysis as a service using a virtual machine (VM)-based approach on dynamic data race detection. Such a detection needs to track a huge number of events performed by each thread of a program execution of a service component, making such an analysis unsuitable to use message passing to transit huge numbers of events individually. In our model, we instruct VMs to perform holistic dynamic race detections on service components and only transfer the detection results to our service selection component. With such result data as the guidance, the service selection component accordingly selects VM instances to fulfill subsequent analysis requests. The experimental results show that our model is feasible.
4-(5-Amino-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyridinium chloride monohydrate

In the cation of the title compound, C7H8N5 +·Cl−·H2O, the mean planes of the pyridine and 1,2,4-triazole rings form a dihedral angle of 2.3 (1)°. The N atom of the amino group adopts a trigonal–pyramidal configuration. The N atom of the pyridine ring is protonated, forming a chloride salt. In the crystal, intermolecular N—H⋯O, N—H⋯N, N—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link the cations, anions and water molecules into layers parallel to the (1, 0, ) plane.
Tolerogenic dendritic cells show gene expression profiles that are different from those of immunogenic dendritic cells in DBA/1 mice

Abstract Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs) play an important role in inducing peripheral tolerance; however, few tDC-specific markers have been identified. The aims of this study were to examine whether tDCs show a different gene expression profile from that of immunogenic DCs and identify specific gene markers of each cell type, in DBA/1 mice. tDCs were generated by treating immature DCs (imDCs) with TNF-α and type II collagen. The gene expression profiles of mature (m)DCs and tDCs were then investigated by microarray analysis and candidate markers were validated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Supervised selection identified 75 gene signatures, 63 of which were consistently upregulated in mDCs and 12 of which were upregulated only in tDCs. Additionally, 10 genes were overexpressed or equally expressed in both tDCs and mDCs. Scin (tDC-specific genes) and Orm1, Pdlim4 and Enpp2 (mDC-specific genes) were validated by real-time qRT-PCR. Taken together, these results clearly show that tDCs and mDCs can be identified according to their expression of specific gene markers.
Perjury versus Truth-Revelation: Quantity or Quality of Testimony

Witnesses often gain by slanting testimony. Courts try to elicit the truth with perjury rules. Perjury is not truth-revealing; truth revelation is, however, possible. With a truth-revealing mechanism the judge will get little testimony because the defendant will not present witnesses with unfavorable news; yet the testimony is of high quality. Under perjury the court gets a different amount of testimony with lower informational content. A court striving for precision prefers truth revelation to perjury; chances for the defendant to prevail are the same. Truth revelation thus dominates perjury even when the different quantity of testimony is allowed for.