Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Getting Grip on Security Requirements Elicitation by Structuring and Reusing Security Requirements Sources

This paper presents a model for structuring and reusing security requirements sources. The model serves as blueprint for the development of an organization-specific repository, which provides relevant security requirements sources, such as security information and knowledge sources and relevant compliance obligations, in a structured and reusable form. The resulting repository is intended to be used by development teams during the elicitation and analysis of security requirements with the goal to understand the security problem space, incorporate all relevant requirements sources, and to avoid unnecessary effort for identifying, understanding, and correlating applicable security requirements sources on a project-wise basis. We start with an overview and categorization of important security requirements sources, followed by the description of the generic model. To demonstrate the applicability and benefits of the model, the instantiation approach and details of the resulting repository of security requirements sources are presented.
Creating a Comparative Dictionary of Totonac-Tepehua

We apply algorithms for the identification of cognates and recurrent sound correspondences proposed by Kondrak (2002) to the Totonac-Tepehua family of indigenous languages in Mexico. We show that by combining expert linguistic knowledge with computational analysis, it is possible to quickly identify a large number of cognate sets within the family. Our objective is to provide tools for rapid construction of comparative dictionaries for relatively unfamiliar language families.
Attachment-keeping NICU Infants Safe

Child maltreatment is a risk for graduates of the newborn intensive care unit (NICU). Infants represent the highest child maltreatment victimization group and parents, particularly mothers, are significantly represented as perpetrators. The challenges of a NICU environment along with the care burdens associated with NICU infants increase child maltreatment risks. Medical providers can reduce the risk of child maltreatment by fostering attachment bonds between mother and infant in the NICU.
Controversies regarding the pathophysiology of perioperative myocardial infarction

Duvall et al. [1] have published a retrospective study that evaluated the pathophysiology of perioperative myocardial infarction (MI) in 66 patients and concluded that type 2 MI may be its predominant etiology and that plaque rupture and thrombosis may not be as relevant as pathology studies previously reported [2,3]. We think that they were persuaded by methodological traps. Indeed, the authors recognize some of them, including the retrospective nature of the study, small sample size, the exclusion of patients with MI that were not referred to angiography, and the long time elapsed between the event and the angiography. However, in our opinion, the study carries an important possible bias that occurred due to the selection of the patients in a cardiac catheterization database and the lack of a control group of patients with spontaneous MI. For instance, Berger et al. [4] also used a catheterization laboratory database to study 48 consecutive patients referred for angiography for acute MI within 7 days after noncardiac surgery. The median duration between symptom onset and coronary angiography was 4 hr (mean 11.1 6 17.4), 33 patients (68.8%) had STelevation MI, and 30 patients had evidence of thrombus. These data diverge completely from Duvall and coauthors’ study. In a recent prospective study of 120 consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome after noncardiac surgery, we found that only seven patients (5.8%) did not have coronary obstructions above 50%, and 46 patients (45%) had Ambrose’s type II lesions, suggesting plaque rupture as the mechanism of MI [5]. In conclusion, we do believe that plaque rupture, and not only demand, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of perioperative MI. In addition, a modification on the classification of acute MI should be driven, that is, incorporating perioperative MI [6,7].
Design principles and performance analysis of SSCOP: a new ATM adaptation layer protocol

The Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol (SASCOP) has been approved recently as a new B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) protocol standard, initially for use in the Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer (SAAL), but also for support of certain types of use data transfer. SSCOP is a new type of protocol, embodying several design principles for high speed link and transport layer protocols. In this paper, the basic operation of SSCOP is described and the SSCOP design is compared with other similar protocols. Next, the relationships between key protocol parameters (protocol window, control message transmission interval) and maximum achievable throughput effieiency are explored. In particular, approximate performance equations are derived for predicting the maximum throughput efficiency of SSCOP basedon the selected environment and parameter eettings. The equations can be used to determine how much buffer capacity and/or what protocol timer settings allow SSCOP to operate at high performance. The analytical results are confirmed through comparison with simulation results. In addition, simulation results illustrate the high throughput performance achievable when using SSCOP in a highly errored or loosy environment.
EpTO: An Epidemic Total Order Algorithm for Large-Scale Distributed Systems

The ordering of events is a fundamental problem of distributed computing and has been extensively studied over several decades. From all the available orderings, total ordering is of particular interest as it provides a powerful abstraction for building reliable distributed applications. Unfortunately, deterministic total order algorithms scale poorly and are therefore unfit for modern large-scale applications. The main contribution of this paper is EpTO, a total order algorithm with probabilistic agreement that scales both in the number of processes and events. EpTO provides deterministic safety and probabilistic liveness: integrity, total order and validity are always preserved, while agreement is achieved with arbitrarily high probability. We show that EpTO is well-suited for large-scale dynamic distributed systems: it does not require a global clock nor synchronized processes, and it is highly robust even when the network suffers from large delays and significant churn and message loss.
NEW GENERALIZATION OF THE EXISTENCE OF EQUILIBRIUM FOR GENERALIZED GAME IN ABSTRACT CONVEX SPACE

The purpose of this paper is to establish a general existence of equilibrium for generalized game in abstract convex space, where the preference correspondence has unionly open lower section and the constraint correspondence is transfer open valued. New notions of UA-mapping and UAmajorized mapping are introduced, in which the lower sections are unionly open. We first prove some new fixed point theorems for set-valued mapping in noncompact abstract convex space. Next, we obtain two existence theorems of maximal element for UA-mapping and UA-majorized mapping. Lastly, we establish new equilibrium existence theorems for qualitative game and generalized game. Besides, we can get more general results than that in the recent literature.
A Conserved Mediator Hinge Revealed in the Structure of the MED7·MED21 (Med7·Srb7) Heterodimer*

The Mediator of transcriptional regulation is the central coactivator that enables a response of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to activators and repressors. We present the 3.0-Å crystal structure of a highly conserved part of the Mediator, the MED7·MED21 (Med7·Srb7) heterodimer. The structure is very extended, spanning one-third of the Mediator length and almost the diameter of Pol II. It shows a four-helix bundle domain and a coiled-coil protrusion connected by a flexible hinge. Four putative protein binding sites on the surface allow for assembly of the Mediator middle module and for binding of the conserved subunit MED6, which is shown to bridge to the Mediator head module. A flexible MED6 bridge and the MED7·MED21 hinge could account for changes in overall Mediator structure upon binding to Pol II or activators. Our results support the idea that transcription regulation involves conformational changes within the general machinery.
RF-MIMO for smart metering communication under harsh conditions

The utilities that want to remotely access their smart meters face a serious problem when it comes to the basement-to-dwelling or basement-to-concentrator barrier. In this paper, we design and implement a wireless communication system able to provide communication to the smart meters mounted in basements. Firstly, we analyze measurements of wireless channels in 100-1200 MHz frequency range, including 2×2 MIMO configuration. The measurements base on different propagation environments typical for big European cities. After the channel characterization, we propose a radio-frequency multiple-input multiple-output (RF-MIMO) extension for small-scale-fading compensation. Moreover, we study several RF-MIMO algorithms for spatial diversity gain. Subsequently, we identify the most suitable frequency bands - 169 and 869 MHz, and calculate a link budget for coverage estimation. Finally, we implement a proof-of-concept prototype.
PLLR features in language recognition system for RATS

In this paper, we study the use of features based on frame-byframe phone posteriors (PLLRs) for language recognition. The results are reported on the datasets developed for the DARPA RATS (Robust Automatic Transcription of Speech) program, which seeks to advance state of the art detection capabilities on audio from highly degraded communication channels. We show that systems based on the PLLRs outperform the standard acoustic system based on PLP2 features. By experimenting with the system combinations, we also demonstrate that the PLLR-based systems contain complementary information with respect to the PLP2 system. Finally we make a comparison between the PLLR and phonotactic systems with the outcome favorable to the PLLR.
Human–Animal Interaction and Older Adults: An Overview

Both pet ownership and animal-assisted therapy are becoming increasingly popular in the United States, and the science of human–animal interaction (HAI) seeks to explore how these relationships with animals can impact health and well-being. In particular, one burgeoning area of research is the role of HAI in healthy aging, given the potential for HAI as an important feature of health and well-being in older adults. The purpose of this review is to summarize and evaluate existing research in this innovative area of scholarship, identifying the potential benefits and risks of both pet ownership and animals in therapeutic settings for older adults. We will also identify recommendations for future research and applications in this developing area of scholarship.
Dual-Band Microstrip Balun With Flexible Frequency Ratio and High Selectivity

A new planar microstrip balun with two operation bands is presented and investigated in this letter. Originated from the traditional Marchand balun, the proposed dual-band balun is designed on a symmetrical four-port network with one short-circuited port. Derived equations and design charts show that the frequency ratio (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m = f_{2}/f_{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of these two bands could be flexibly controlled in a wide range of 2.0–4.6. Moreover, inherent transmission zeros nearby each band have been introduced into this dual-band balun, aiming to improve the frequency selectivity. For verification, a prototype dual-band balun operating at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$m = 2.17$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) is implemented and measured. Both simulation and measured results are recorded with good agreement.
Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska: III. Induction and Transmission of the Response.

Increased ethylene synthesis was rapidly induced throughout the apical meristematic region of etiolated seedlings of Pisum sativum L. , cv. Alaska by cuts made 1 centimeter from the apical hook. The wound signal was transmitted at about 2 millimeters per minute. Accumulation of substance(s) at the cut surfaces of excised sections, as the result of interrupted translocation, did not initiate or significantly contribute to wound-induced ethylene synthesis, nor was the cut surface the site of enhanced ethylene synthesis. Cutting subapical sections into shorter pieces showed that cells less than 2 millimeters from a cut surface produced about 30% less ethylene than cells greater than 2 millimeters from a cut surface.
INDOOR POSITIONING AND NAVIGATION BASED ON CONTROL SPHERECAL PANORAMIC IMAGES

Continuous indoor and outdoor positioning and navigation is the goal to achieve in the field of mobile mapping technology. However, accuracy of positioning and navigation will be largely degraded in indoor or occluded areas, due to receiving weak or less GNSS signals. Targeting the need of high accuracy indoor and outdoor positioning and navigation for mobile mapping applications, the objective of this study is to develop a novel method of indoor positioning and navigation with the use of spherical panoramic image (SPI). Two steps are planned in the technology roadmap. First, establishing a control SPI database that contains a good number of well-distributed control SPIs pre-acquired in the target space. A control SPI means an SPI with known exterior orientation parameters, which can be solved with a network bundle adjustment of SPIs. Having a control SPI database, the target space will be ready to provide the service of positioning and navigation. Secondly, the position and orientation of a newly taken SPI can be solved by using overlapped SPIs searched from the control SPI database. The method of matching SPIs and finding conjugate image features will be developed and tested. Two experiments will be planned and conducted in this paper to test the feasibility and validate the test results of the proposed methods. Analysis of appropriate number and distribution of needed control SPIs will also be included in the experiments with respect to different test cases.
Spatio-Temporal Metabolite Profiling of the Barley Germination Process by MALDI MS Imaging

MALDI mass spectrometry imaging was performed to localize metabolites during the first seven days of the barley germination. Up to 100 mass signals were detected of which 85 signals were identified as 48 different metabolites with highly tissue-specific localizations. Oligosaccharides were observed in the endosperm and in parts of the developed embryo. Lipids in the endosperm co-localized in dependency on their fatty acid compositions with changes in the distributions of diacyl phosphatidylcholines during germination. 26 potentially antifungal hordatines were detected in the embryo with tissue-specific localizations of their glycosylated, hydroxylated, and O-methylated derivates. In order to reveal spatio-temporal patterns in local metabolite compositions, multiple MSI data sets from a time series were analyzed in one batch. This requires a new preprocessing strategy to achieve comparability between data sets as well as a new strategy for unsupervised clustering. The resulting spatial segmentation for each time point sample is visualized in an interactive cluster map and enables simultaneous interactive exploration of all time points. Using this new analysis approach and visualization tool germination-dependent developments of metabolite patterns with single MS position accuracy were discovered. This is the first study that presents metabolite profiling of a cereals’ germination process over time by MALDI MSI with the identification of a large number of peaks of agronomically and industrially important compounds such as oligosaccharides, lipids and antifungal agents. Their detailed localization as well as the MS cluster analyses for on-tissue metabolite profile mapping revealed important information for the understanding of the germination process, which is of high scientific interest.
Generation of the database gurekddcup

GureKDDCup datubasea UADI (Unsupervised Anomaly Detection for Intrusion detection system) proiektuaren barnean eraiki da. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, sistema batean sarkinak (erasoak) detektatuko dituen sailkatzaile bat garatzea izango da, sailkatzaile hau garatzeko gainbegiratu gabeko sailkapeneko teknikak erabiliko direlarik. Proiektu honek duen berezitasunik nagusiena, konexioetan erasoak detektatzeko payload-a (paketeen datu eremua) erabiliko dela da. Konexioen sailkapena burutzeko payload-a erabiltzea oraindik sakon aztertu gabe dagoen arloa da baina badirudi R2L (Remote to Local, baliabide bat erabiltzeko eskubiderik izan gabe berau atzitzea du helburu) eta U2R (User to Root, erabiltzaile arrunt batek super-erabiltzaile edo administratzaile eskubideak lortzea du helburu) motako erasoak antzemateko ezinbestekoa dela. Sailkapen prozesuan konexio kopuru izugarriarekin egin beharko dugu lan eta honek ezinbestean Data Mining munduan murgiltzea dakar. Sailkatzailea ikasteko prozesua automatikoa izatea nahiko dugu eta hortik Machine Learning (ikasketa automatikoa) arloak eskaintzen dizkigun teknikak erabiliko ditugu. Baina lehenik, beharrezkoa zaigu datubase egoki bat eraikitzea beraren gainean estrategia ezberdinak gainean ikertzeko. Beraz, txosten honen helburua, UADI proiektuak erabiliko duen datu-basea sortzeko jarraitutako prozesua azaltzea izango da. Datu-base hori lortzeko abiapuntua Darpa98 da eta helburua, ingurune zientifikoan erabiltzen den KDDCup datu-basearen antzeko ezaugarriak dituen beste bat sortzea da. Sortuko den datu-basearen (gurekddcup) ezaugarriak, KDDCup99 datu-basearenaren antzekoak izango dira, baina payload-ari dagokion informazioa eta konexioaren hainbat ezaugarri (IP helbideak, portu zenbakiak,.) gehiturik. Beraz jarraian, KDDCup99 sortzeko jarraitu ziren pausuak azalduko dira, ondoren gutxi gora behera antzeko pausuak jarraitu beharko baita gureKddcup, KDDCup99-ren hedapen berria sortzeko (kddcup99+payload), hau da, guk behar dugun datu-basea sortzeko.
The effect of Cytochalasin D on F-Actin behavior of single-cell electroendocytosis using multi-chamber micro cell chip

Electroendocytosis (EED) is a pulsed-electric-field (PEF) induced endocytosis, facilitating cells uptake molecules through nanometer-sized EED vesicles. We herein investigate the effect of a chemical inhibitor, Cytochalasin D (CD) on the actin-filaments (F-Actin) behavior of single-cell EED. The CD concentration (CCD) can control the depolymerization of F-actin. A multi-chamber micro cell chip was fabricated to study the EED under different conditions. Large-scale single-cell data demonstrated EED highly depends on both electric field and CCD.
Isolation of therapeutically functional mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells within 3 h by an effective single‐step plastic‐adherent method

Objectives: Isolation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs), by the approach of plastic adherence, has been difficult due to persistent contamination by haematopoietic cells (HCs); we have observed that this contamination was due to engagement between HCs and mMSCs. The HCs can be lifted together with the mMSCs despite their insensitivity to trypsin digestion. Herein, we provide a single‐step procedure to rapidly segregate mMSCs from HC contaminants using transient lower‐density plastic adherence (tLDA).
Identification and Validation of Novel Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Staging Early Alzheimer's Disease

Background Ideally, disease modifying therapies for Alzheimer disease (AD) will be applied during the ‘preclinical’ stage (pathology present with cognition intact) before severe neuronal damage occurs, or upon recognizing very mild cognitive impairment. Developing and judiciously administering such therapies will require biomarker panels to identify early AD pathology, classify disease stage, monitor pathological progression, and predict cognitive decline. To discover such biomarkers, we measured AD-associated changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome. Methods and Findings CSF samples from individuals with mild AD (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] 1) (n = 24) and cognitively normal controls (CDR 0) (n = 24) were subjected to two-dimensional difference-in-gel electrophoresis. Within 119 differentially-abundant gel features, mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified 47 proteins. For validation, eleven proteins were re-evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Six of these assays (NrCAM, YKL-40, chromogranin A, carnosinase I, transthyretin, cystatin C) distinguished CDR 1 and CDR 0 groups and were subsequently applied (with tau, p-tau181 and Aβ42 ELISAs) to a larger independent cohort (n = 292) that included individuals with very mild dementia (CDR 0.5). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses using stepwise logistic regression yielded optimal biomarker combinations to distinguish CDR 0 from CDR>0 (tau, YKL-40, NrCAM) and CDR 1 from CDR<1 (tau, chromogranin A, carnosinase I) with areas under the curve of 0.90 (0.85–0.94 95% confidence interval [CI]) and 0.88 (0.81–0.94 CI), respectively. Conclusions Four novel CSF biomarkers for AD (NrCAM, YKL-40, chromogranin A, carnosinase I) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of Aβ42 and tau. Together, these six markers describe six clinicopathological stages from cognitive normalcy to mild dementia, including stages defined by increased risk of cognitive decline. Such a panel might improve clinical trial efficiency by guiding subject enrollment and monitoring disease progression. Further studies will be required to validate this panel and evaluate its potential for distinguishing AD from other dementing conditions.
The Achilles' Heel of QBF

In recent years we have seen significant progress in the area of Boolean satisfiability (SAT) solving and its applications. As a new challenge, the community is now moving to investigate whether similar advances can be made in the use of Quantified Boolean Formulas (QBF). QBF provides a natural framework for capturing problem solving and planning in multi-agent settings. However, contrarily to single-agent planning, which can be effectively formulated as SAT, we show that a QBF approach to planning in a multi-agent setting leads to significant unexpected computational difficulties. We identify as a key difficulty of the QBF approach the fact that QBF solvers often end up exploring a much larger search space than the natural search space of the original problem. This is in contrast to the experience with SAT approaches. We also show how one can alleviate these problems by introducing two special QBF formulations and a new QBF solution strategy. We present experiments that show the effectiveness of our approach in terms of a significant improvement in performance compared to earlier work in this area. Our work also provides a general methodology for formulating adversarial scenarios in QBF.