Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Night shift work, light at night, and risk of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND Exposure to light at night may increase the risk of breast cancer by suppressing the normal nocturnal production of melatonin by the pineal gland, which, in turn, could increase the release of estrogen by the ovaries. This study investigated whether such exposure is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in women. METHODS Case patients (n = 813), aged 20-74 years, were diagnosed from November 1992 through March 1995; control subjects (n = 793) were identified by random-digit dialing and were frequency matched according to 5-year age groups. An in-person interview was used to gather information on sleep habits and bedroom lighting environment in the 10 years before diagnosis and lifetime occupational history. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by use of conditional logistic regression, with adjustment for other potential risk factors. RESULTS Breast cancer risk was increased among subjects who frequently did not sleep during the period of the night when melatonin levels are typically at their highest (OR = 1.14 for each night per week; 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.28). Risk did not increase with interrupted sleep accompanied by turning on a light. There was an indication of increased risk among subjects with the brightest bedrooms. Graveyard shiftwork was associated with increased breast cancer risk (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.0 to 2.5), with a trend of increased risk with increasing years and with more hours per week of graveyard shiftwork (P =.02, Wald chi-squared test). CONCLUSION The results of this study provide evidence that indicators of exposure to light at night may be associated with the risk of developing breast cancer.
Applications in Enumerative Combinatorics of Infinite Weighted Automata and Graphs

In this paper we studied infinite weighted automata and a general methodology to solve a wide variety of classical lattice path counting problems in an uniform way. This counting problems are related to Dyck paths, Motzkin paths and some generalizations. These methodology uses weighted automata, equations of ordinary generating functions and continued fractions. It is a variation of the one proposed by J. Rutten.
Utility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in patients with tuberculous intrathoracic lymphadenopathy: a multicentre study

Background Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has emerged as an important tool for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer but its role in the diagnosis of tuberculous intrathoracic lymphadenopathy has not been established. The aim of this study was to describe the diagnostic utility of EBUS-TBNA in patients with intrathoracic lymphadenopathy due to tuberculosis (TB). Methods 156 consecutive patients with isolated intrathoracic TB lymphadenitis were studied across four centres over a 2-year period. Only patients with a confirmed diagnosis or unequivocal clinical and radiological response to antituberculous treatment during follow-up for a minimum of 6 months were included. All patients underwent routine clinical assessment and a CT scan prior to EBUS-TBNA. Demographic data, HIV status, pathological findings and microbiological results were recorded. Results EBUS-TBNA was diagnostic of TB in 146 patients (94%; 95% CI 88% to 97%). Pathological findings were consistent with TB in 134 patients (86%). Microbiological investigations yielded a positive culture of TB in 74 patients (47%) with a median time to positive culture of 16 days (range 3–84) and identified eight drug-resistant cases (5%). Ten patients (6%) did not have a specific diagnosis following EBUS; four underwent mediastinoscopy which confirmed the diagnosis of TB while six responded to empirical antituberculous therapy. There was one complication requiring an inpatient admission. Conclusions EBUS-TBNA is a safe and effective first-line investigation in patients with tuberculous intrathoracic lymphadenopathy.
Clues to the origin of the human mind from primate observational field data

Field study of wild animals is often asserted to have no role in discovering the cognitive capacities of the animal mind. In this lecture, I challenge that view, giving two examples where field data have revealed unsuspected cognitive capacities and allowed theoretical advance in understanding the evolutionary origins of human cognitive capacities. In the first, narrative records of deception of social companions were used as an ‘index’ of species' capacity for subtle social manipulation. This capacity was found to be widespread among primates, and to depend on neocortex volume, thus supporting theories that implicate social complexity in increasing primate intelligence. Intentional deception follows a quite different pattern, being rare and clumped in the great apes. The origins of the ability to understand others' behaviour, in terms of their intended purposes and the cause-and-effect involved in achieving them, forms the topic of my second example, great ape food processing. Wild apes regularly develop computationally complex organizations of behaviour, neatly adapted to solving food-acquisition problems and thus acquiring foods unreachable by sympatric competitor monkeys. Converging analyses of these manual techniques point to the underlying ability of ‘parsing behaviour’, giving apes (but perhaps no other animals) the ability to understand behaviour in a simple way, in which satisfying results stand for ‘goals’ and regular prior correlates stand for ‘causes’. In both cases, there are obvious implications for human cognitive evolution.
Identified Motoneurons Involved in Sexual and Eliminative Functions in the Rat Are Powerfully Excited by Vasopressin and Tachykinins

The pudendal motor system is constituted by striated muscles of the pelvic floor and the spinal motoneurons that innervate them. It plays a role in eliminative functions of the bladder and intestine and in sexual function. Pudendal motoneurons are located in the ventral horn of the caudal lumbar spinal cord and send their axon into the pudendal nerve. In the rat, binding sites for vasopressin and tachykinin are present in the dorsomedial and dorsolateral pudendal nuclei, suggesting that these neuropeptides may affect pudendal motoneurons. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible effects of vasopressin and tachykinins on these motoneurons. Recordings were performed in spinal cord slices of young male rats using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Before recording, motoneurons were identified by 1,1′-dilinoleyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine, 4-chlorobenzenesulfonate retrograde labeling. The identification was confirmed, a posteriori, by choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemistry. Vasopressin and tachykinins caused a powerful excitation of pudendal motoneurons. The peptide-evoked depolarization, or the peptide-evoked inward current, persisted in the presence of tetrodotoxin, indicating that these effects were mainly postsynaptic. By using selective receptor agonists and antagonist, we determined that vasopressin acted via vasopressin 1a (V1a), but not V1b, V2, or oxytocin receptors, whereas tachykinins acted via neurokinin 1 (NK1), but not NK2 or NK3, receptors. Vasopressin acted by enhancing a nonselective cationic conductance; in some motoneurons, it also probably suppressed a resting K+ conductance. Our data show that vasopressin and tachykinins can excite pudendal motoneurons and thus influence the force of striated perineal muscles involved in eliminative and sexual functions.
Mobile Information Centre -- An Approach to Fast Handoff

In 802.11 based wireless networks, the mobile nodes (MN) are associated with the available Access Points (APs) and communicate through them. In conventional handoff schemes, the mobile nodes receives the information regarding active APs in their neighbourhood by scanning the available channels and listen to transmitted beacons. In this paper a new handoff agent, specifically designed to reduce authentication delay during handoff, is introduced to enhance handoff speed.
Análise do retorno dos investimentos socioambientais das empresas brasileiras

Este estudo investiga a relacao entre os investimentos uma relacao de causalidade entre investimento social socioambientais e o desempenho financeiro das em-interno e desempenho financeiro, pois os investimenpresas brasileiras de 2001 a 2007. As regressoes esti-tos sociais voltados para os empregados da empresa madas com base no modelo de efeitos fixos analisam tem um efeito positivo sobre a variavel Return on a correlacao entre as variaveis de desempenho socio-Assets (ROA). Essa conclusao esta de acordo com os ambiental e financeiro, enquanto as estimacoes usando resultados obtidos por Laan e outros (2008), os quais modelos de variavel instrumental analisam a relacao indicam que investimentos realizados nas demandas de causalidade entre esses indicadores. Os resultados sociais de stakeholders primarios (empregados, conrevelam uma correlacao positiva entre investimento sumidores e investidores) contribuem para melhorar socioambiental e desempenho financeiro, sobretudo o desempenho financeiro, o que nao acontece com o investimento social interno. Alem disso, revelam investimentos voltados para stakeholders secundarios.
A Lightweight Approach to Uncover Technical Artifacts in Unstructured Data

Developer communication through email, chat, or issue report comments consists mostly of largely unstructured data, i.e., natural language text, mixed with technical artifacts such as project-specific jargon, abbreviations, source code patches, stack traces and identifiers. These technical artifacts represent a valuable source of knowledge on the technical part of the system, with a wide range of applications from establishing traceability links to creating project-specific vocabularies. However, the lack of well-defined boundaries between natural language and technical content make the automated mining of technical artifacts challenging. As a first step towards a general-purpose technique to extracting technical artifacts from unstructured data, we present a lightweight approach to untangle technical artifacts and natural language text. Our approach is based on existing spell checking tools, which are well-understood, fast, readily available across platforms and impartial to different kinds of textual data. Through a handcrafted benchmark, we demonstrate that our approach is able to successfully uncover a wide range of technical artifacts in unstructured data.
Coursework Selection: Relations to Academic Self-Concept and Achievement

Theoretical models posit that self-concept as well as prior accomplishments influence choice behavior. Structural equation models were used to examine the paths from school grades and self-concept to subsequent coursework selection (N = 246). Paths from self-concept to wanting to take a particular subject and, to a lesser extent, actually taking it were significant, but school grades did not contribute consistently beyond the effects of self-concept. When general academic self-concept (GASC) was added to these models, paths from GASC to coursework selection were negative, and paths from the specific components of self-concept increased; a positive self-concept in a specific school subject contributes even more to selection of that subject if self-concepts in other school subjects are lower. The major results were consistent across Years 8 and 10 and reasonably consistent across nine school subjects. The finding that specific components of self-concept are more strongly related to subsequent course selection than are school grades is substantively important and provides further support for the need to consider multiple dimensions of academic self-concept.
Proteomic approach to study the cytotoxicity of dioscin (saponin)

Dioscin, extracted from the root of Polygonatum zanlanscianense pamp, exhibits cytotoxicity towards human myeloblast leukemia HL‐60 cells. Proteomic analysis revealed that the expression of mitochondrial associated proteins was substantially altered in HL‐60 cells corresponding to the dioscin treatment, suggesting that mitochondria are the major cellular target of dioscin. Mitochondrial functional studies validated that mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was initiated by dioscin treatment. Changes in proteome other than mitochondrial related proteins implicate that other mechanisms were also involved in dioscin‐induced apoptosis in HL‐60 cells, including the activity impairment in protein synthesis, alterations of phosphatases in cell signaling, and deregulation of oxidative stress and cell proliferation. Current study of protein alterations in dioscin‐treated HL‐60 cells suggested that dioscin exerts cytotoxicity through multiple apoptosis‐inducing pathways.
Spatial Equilibrium , Search Frictions and Efficient Regulation in the Taxi Industry

This paper analyzes the dynamic spatial equilibrium of taxicabs and shows how common taxi regulations lead to substantial inefficiencies. Taxis compete for passengers by driving to different locations around the city. Search costs ensure that optimal search behavior will still result in equilibrium frictions in the form of waiting times and spatial mismatch. Medallion limit regulations and fixed fare structures exacerbate these frictions by preventing markets from clearing on prices, leaving empty taxis in some areas, and excess demand in other areas. To analyze the role of regulation on frictions and efficiency, I pose a dynamic model of search and matching between taxis and passengers under regulation. Using a comprehensive dataset of New York City yellow medallion taxis, I use this model to compute the equilibrium spatial distribution of vacant taxis and estimate intraday demand. My estimates show that search frictions reduce welfare by $422M per year, or 62%. Counterfactual analysis reveals that existing regulations attain only 11% of the efficiency implied by a social planner’s solution, while the adoption of optimized two-part tariff pricing would lead to 89% efficiency, or a welfare gain on the order of $2.1B per year. The addition of directed matching technology to an optimized regime would increase welfare even further, by approximately $2.4B per year.
Design of a Dual-Band Wireless LAN SiGe-Bipolar Power Amplifier

SummaryThe design of an integrated dual-band multi-modewireless LAN radio frequency power amplifier (InfineonPMB 8825) for the 2.45 GHz and 5.25 GHz supportingIEEE 802.11a/b/g is demonstrated. It has been realized ina 42 GHz f T , 0.35 µm SiGe-Bipolar high-volume technolo-gy using on-chip low inductance ground connections forthe reduction of emitter degradation and matching pur-poses. The chip features a power control block for all nec-essary controls and two single-ended 3-stage poweramplifier with on-chip inductors and a short on-chipstripline for the interstage matching. It is a demonstra-tion for a cost-efficient multi-mode WLAN PA solution, asit is a single-die solution using a minimum of externalelements.References1. T. Ruhlike, M. Zannoth, and B. -U. Klepser, “A highlyintegrated, dualband, multi-mode Wireless LANTransceiver,” in Proceedings of the 29th European Solid-state Circuit Conference , Estoril, Portugal, September2003.2. K. Vavelidis, et al., “A Single-Chip, 5.15GHz-5.35GHz, 2.4GHz-2.5GHz, 0. 18µm CMOS RF Transceiverfor 802.11a/b/g Wireless LAN,” in
Translingual text mining for identification of language pair phenomena

Translingual Text Mining (TTM) is an innovative technology of natural language processing for building multilingual parallel corpora, processing machine translation, contextual knowledge acquisition, information extraction, query profiling, language modeling, contextual word sensing, creating feature test sets and for variety of other purposes. The Keynote Lecture will discuss opportunities and challenges of this computational technology. In particular, the focus will be made on identification of language pair phenomena and their applications to building holistic language model which is a novel tool for processing machine translation, supporting professional translations, evaluation of translingual systems efficiency and also for improving the process of teaching foreign languages regardless of the level of students' proficiency. Some components incorporated to machine translation systems rely specifically on language-pair phenomena like for example language recognizer, or word deliminer. Nowadays, declarative programming is becoming widely used just for describing language pair phenomena by graphical formalism. Translation irreversibility represents a unique language and system independent asymmetrical translation innovative technology, which will be presented during the Keynote lecture.
Carcinogenic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls

As part of its mandate, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) prepares toxicological profiles on hazardous chemicals found at Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) National Priorities List (NPL) sites that have the greatest public health impact. These profiles comprehensively summarize toxicological and environmental information. This article constitutes the release of an important section of the Toxicological profile for polychlorinated biphenyls [ATSDR. 2000: Toxicological profile for polychlorinated biphenyls. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. ] into the scientific literature. This article focuses on the carcinogenic effects of this group of synthetic organic chemicals (polychlorinated biphenyls) in humans and animals. Information on other health effects, toxicokinetics, mechanisms of toxicity, biomarkers, interactions, chemical and physical properties, potential for human exposure, and regulations and advisories is detailed in the profile.
Two kinds of “memory images”: Experimental models for hallucinations?

Collerton et al. postulate that in a variety of different clinical conditions, hallucinations are derived from object schema lodged in long-term memory. I review two new experiments in which memory images can be easily triggered in neurologically intact subjects. These examples of making visible items in memory may provide experimental models for genesis of hallucinations.
Viperin Regulates Cellular Lipid Metabolism during Human Cytomegalovirus Infection

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been shown to induce increased lipogenesis in infected cells, and this is believed to be required for proper virion envelopment. We show here that this increase is a consequence of the virus-induced redistribution of the host protein viperin to mitochondria and its capacity to interact with and block the function of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein (TFP), the enzyme that mediates fatty acid-β-oxidation. The resulting decrease in cellular ATP levels activates the enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which induces expression of the glucose transporter GLUT4, resulting in increased glucose import and translocation to the nucleus of the glucose-regulated transcription factor ChREBP. This induces increased transcription of genes encoding lipogenic enzymes, increased lipid synthesis and lipid droplet accumulation, and generation of the viral envelope. Viperin-dependent lipogenesis is required for optimal production of infectious virus. We show that all of these metabolic outcomes can be replicated by direct targeting of viperin to mitochondria in the absence of HCMV infection, and that the motif responsible for Fe-S cluster binding by viperin is essential. The data indicate that viperin is the major effector underlying the ability of HCMV to regulate cellular lipid metabolism.
A Practical Way for Projects to Visualize Design Rationale

Design rationale remains poorly explained and rarely modelled on projects in industry. However, the reasons for design decisions are important when a specification has to be re-examined, eg for reuse, for safety, for validation, or to satisfy stakeholders that a project is justified. A practical notation must be extremely simple but expressive, given industry's reluctance. This paper illustrates how a minimal box-and-arrow notation is sufficient for modelling Toulmin argumentation, and helpful on transportation projects. These critically depend on properly documented rationale as they are subject to public inquiry. The use of Dewar signposts to connect such rationale models to changing events in the world is illustrated.
Verbalising visual memories

In this paper, we introduce a special issue on the role of verbalisation in visual memory. In particular, we provide an overview of research on: (a) verbal interference and facilitation in face and person recognition; (b) similarities and differences between effects of verbalisation and processing in the Navon task (i.e., global or local letter identification; Navon, 1977); and (c) effects of verbalisation in visual imagery and object memory. We argue that verbal processes influence the encoding, storage, and retrieval of visual information. Moreover, different forms of verbal interference and facilitation are likely to be due to different mechanisms in different contexts. The state of the art is that we are just beginning to understand the rich complexity of the problem.
Database server access framework

The availability of information continues to increase rapidly, the method for encoding and storage of information also increased. The development of information resources brings several problems, among them about how to combine the data storage and distributed differently. Information on an organization or company is usually stored in separate locations and different formats. When an increase in storage capacity and the amount of information search costs, companies are faced with the problem abundant amount of data. This research has resulted Mobile Agent to perform query on multiple database servers. Users configure the program to the database to be accessed in the form of a query command, username, password and address of the database server. Output can be either table or message information from a database that is accessed. Users can view the results of queries that are performed on each database server in one application.