Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wind power in power system planning - wind data and the capacity value of wind Bosnia-Herzegovina case study

Intermittent renewable generation plays a significant role in power system planning, since the demand-following nature of a power system's operation and control requires steady supply of electricity at any given time in order to maintain system stability. A realistic representation of the wind power output in the time domain may therewith become critical for an accurate assessment of impacts and security risks involved. To tackle the issue this paper aims at giving a brief statistical analysis of Bosnia-Herzegovina's (B&H) wind potential. The goal is to present and evaluate large sampled data sets in a form representative of their natural system boundaries. With reference to evaluation methodologies summarized in literature, focus will be placed on wind resource representation and quantitative assessment of its capacity value in a “non specific” power system. The paper gives a comprehensive, system non specific quantitative data assessment, based solely on physical behavior and the consequential characteristics relevant to system requirements, in a form applicable to different power system planning scenarios.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences What's the Matter with Mat? Marrow Adipose Tissue, Metabolism, and Skeletal Health

Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) is functionally distinct from both white and brown adipose tissue and can contribute to systemic and skeletal metabolism. MAT formation is a spatially and temporally defined developmental event, suggesting that MAT is an organ that serves important functions and, like other organs, can undergo pathologic change. The well-documented inverse relationship between MAT and bone mineral density has been interpreted to mean that MAT removal is a possible therapeutic target for osteoporosis. However, the bone and metabolic phenotypes of patients with lipodystrophy argues that retention of MAT may actually be beneficial in some circumstances. Furthermore, MAT may exist in two forms, regulated and constitutive, with divergent responses to hematopoietic and nutritional demands. In this review, we discuss the role of MAT in lipodystrophy, bone loss, and metabolism, and highlight our current understanding of this unique adipose tissue depot.
Object distance and its application to adaptive random testing of object-oriented programs

Testing with random inputs can give surprisingly good results if the distribution of inputs is spread out evenly over the input domain; this is the intuition behind Adaptive Random Testing, which relies on a notion of "distance" between test values. Such distances have so far been defined for integers and other elementary inputs; extending the idea to the testing of today's object-oriented programs requires a more general notion of distance, applicable to composite programmer-defined types.We define a notion of object distance, with associated algorithms to compute distances between arbitrary objects, and use it to generalize Adaptive Random Testing to such inputs. The resulting testing strategies open the way for effective automated testing of large, realistic object-oriented programs.
An Automated Method For Spike Source Identification

Analysis of microelectrode recordings (MER) of extracellular neuronal activity has gained increasing interest due to potential improvements to surgical techniques involving ablation or placement of deep brain stimulators as is common in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Critical to these procedures is the identification of different brain structures such as the globus pallidus internus (GPI). Evidence suggests that the spike trains from individual neurons contain enough information to identify the brain structure in which they are located. For the work reported here, spike train data gathered during surgical procedure from multiple patients is used. Using a moving window sampling approach, a novel feature extraction method for spike trains was developed. This method is then used in combination with a support vector classification algorithm. Results strongly indicate that the sampling methods reported here are able to extract the necessary information for highly accurate spike source identification.
Blended learning in anesthesia education: current state and future model

Purpose of review Educators in anesthesia residency programs across the country are facing a number of challenges as they attempt to integrate blended learning techniques in their curriculum. Compared with the rest of higher education, which has made advances to varying degrees in the adoption of online learning anesthesiology education has been sporadic in the active integration of blended learning. The purpose of this review is to discuss the challenges in anesthesiology education and relevance of the Universal Design for Learning framework in addressing them. Recent findings There is a wide chasm between student demand for online education and the availability of trained faculty to teach. The design of the learning interface is important and will significantly affect the learning experience for the student. Summary This review examines recent literature pertaining to this field, both in the realm of higher education in general and medical education in particular, and proposes the application of a comprehensive learning model that is new to anesthesiology education and relevant to its goals of promoting self-directed learning.
Mechanisms of Resistance to Crizotinib in Patients with ALK Gene Rearranged Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Purpose: Patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements often manifest dramatic responses to crizotinib, a small-molecule ALK inhibitor. Unfortunately, not every patient responds and acquired drug resistance inevitably develops in those who do respond. This study aimed to define molecular mechanisms of resistance to crizotinib in patients with ALK+ non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Experimental Design: We analyzed tissue obtained from 14 patients with ALK+ NSCLC showing evidence of radiologic progression while on crizotinib to define mechanisms of intrinsic and acquired resistance to crizotinib. Results: Eleven patients had material evaluable for molecular analysis. Four patients (36%) developed secondary mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of ALK. A novel mutation in the ALK domain, encoding a G1269A amino acid substitution that confers resistance to crizotinib in vitro, was identified in two of these cases. Two patients, one with a resistance mutation, exhibited new onset ALK copy number gain (CNG). One patient showed outgrowth of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant NSCLC without evidence of a persistent ALK gene rearrangement. Two patients exhibited a KRAS mutation, one of which occurred without evidence of a persisting ALK gene rearrangement. One patient showed the emergence of an ALK gene fusion–negative tumor compared with the baseline sample but with no identifiable alternate driver. Two patients retained ALK positivity with no identifiable resistance mechanism. Conclusions: Crizotinib resistance in ALK+ NSCLC occurs through somatic kinase domain mutations, ALK gene fusion CNG, and emergence of separate oncogenic drivers. Clin Cancer Res; 18(5); 1472–82. ©2012 AACR.
Molecular hydrogen in high-redshift Damped Lyman-alpha systems: The VLT/UVES database

Aims. We present the current status of ongoing searches for molecular hydrogen in high-redshift (1.8 z abs ≤ 4.2) Damped Lyman- α systems (DLAs) capitalising on observations performed with the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES). Methods. We identify 77 DLAs/strong sub-DLAs, with log N (H I) ≥ 20 and z abs >1.8, which have data that include redshifted H 2 Lyman and/or Werner-band absorption lines. This sample of H I, H 2 and metal line measurements, performed in an homogeneous manner, is more than twice as large as our previous sample (Ledoux et al. 2003) considering every system in which searches for H 2 could be completed so far, including all non-detections. Results. H 2 is detected in thirteen of the systems, which have molecular fractions of values between f $\simeq$ 5$\times$10 -7 and f $\simeq$ 0.1, where f = 2 N (H 2 )/(2 N (H 2 )+N(H I)). Upper limits are measured for the remaining 64 systems with detection limits of typically log N (H 2 )~14.3, corresponding to log f ≥ -1.3 (i.e., 1/20th solar), with X = Zn, S or Si, have molecular fractions log f > -4.5, while H 2 is detected – regardless of the molecular fraction – in ∼ 50% of them. In contrast, only about 4% of the [X/H] f > -4.5. We show that the presence of H 2 does not strongly depend on the total neutral hydrogen column density, although the probability of finding log f > -4.5 is higher for log N (H I) ≥ 20.8 than below this limit (19% and 7% respectively). The overall H 2 detection rate in log N (H I) ≥ 20 DLAs is found to be about 16% (10% considering only log f > -4.5 detections) after correction for a slight bias towards large N (H I). There is a strong preference for H 2 -bearing DLAs to have significant depletion factors, [X/Fe] > 0.4. In addition, all H 2 -bearing DLAs have column densities of iron into dust grains larger than log $N({\rm Fe})_{\rm dust}$~ 14.7, and about 40% of the DLAs above this limit have detected H 2 lines with log f > -4.5. This demonstrates the importance of dust in governing the detectability of H 2 in DLAs. Our extended sample supports neither the redshift evolution of the detection fraction of H 2 -bearing DLAs nor that of the molecular fraction in systems with H 2 detections over the redshift range 1.8 z abs ≤ 3.
Online algorithms for geographical load balancing

It has recently been proposed that Internet energy costs, both monetary and environmental, can be reduced by exploiting temporal variations and shifting processing to data centers located in regions where energy currently has low cost. Lightly loaded data centers can then turn off surplus servers. This paper studies online algorithms for determining the number of servers to leave on in each data center, and then uses these algorithms to study the environmental potential of geographical load balancing (GLB). A commonly suggested algorithm for this setting is “receding horizon control” (RHC), which computes the provisioning for the current time by optimizing over a window of predicted future loads. We show that RHC performs well in a homogeneous setting, in which all servers can serve all jobs equally well; however, we also prove that differences in propagation delays, servers, and electricity prices can cause RHC perform badly, So, we introduce variants of RHC that are guaranteed to perform as well in the face of such heterogeneity. These algorithms are then used to study the feasibility of powering a continent-wide set of data centers mostly by renewable sources, and to understand what portfolio of renewable energy is most effective.
LQ optimal control for improved Metzlerian model

The Metzlerian inventory model is reconsidered in this paper and a controlled macroeconomic system is established based on the improved Metzlerian model. To obtain optimal control effect on GDP, the LQ optimal control for this system is stated in this paper. The paper gives the optimal control design and proves the global asymptotic stability of the design. Meanwhile, we use the data of overall targets of the national economy in 1995-2009 to make a empirical study and we verify the stability of this macroeconomic system.
Slaying the Seven-Headed Dragon: The Quest for Gender Change in Academia - www-publicatie

In this article we propose a multi-level distinction between gender inequality practices and gender equality practices to come to better understanding of the slow pace of gender change in academia. Gender inequality resembles an unbeatable seven-headed dragon that has a multitude of faces in different social contexts. Based on an empirical study on the recruitment and selection of full professors in three academic fields in The Netherlands we discuss practices that should bring about gender equality and show how these interact with gender inequality practices. We argue that the multitude of gender inequality practices are ineffectively countered by gender equality practices because the latter lack teeth, especially in traditional masculine academic environments.
The Virulence Plasmid of Yersinia, an Antihost Genome

SUMMARY The 70-kb virulence plasmid enables Yersinia spp. (Yersinia pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. enterocolitica) to survive and multiply in the lymphoid tissues of their host. It encodes the Yop virulon, an integrated system allowing extracellular bacteria to disarm the cells involved in the immune response, to disrupt their communications, or even to induce their apoptosis by the injection of bacterial effector proteins. This system consists of the Yop proteins and their dedicated type III secretion apparatus, called Ysc. The Ysc apparatus is composed of some 25 proteins including a secretin. Most of the Yops fall into two groups. Some of them are the intracellular effectors (YopE, YopH, YpkA/YopO, YopP/YopJ, YopM, and YopT), while the others (YopB, YopD, and LcrV) form the translocation apparatus that is deployed at the bacterial surface to deliver the effectors into the eukaryotic cells, across their plasma membrane. Yop secretion is triggered by contact with eukaryotic cells and controlled by proteins of the virulon including YopN, TyeA, and LcrG, which are thought to form a plug complex closing the bacterial secretion channel. The proper operation of the system also requires small individual chaperones, called the Syc proteins, in the bacterial cytosol. Transcription of the genes is controlled both by temperature and by the activity of the secretion apparatus. The virulence plasmid of Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis also encodes the adhesin YadA. The virulence plasmid contains some evolutionary remnants including, in Y. enterocolitica, an operon encoding resistance to arsenic compounds.
Empirical Essays in The Entertainment and Hospitality industries

EMPIRICAL ESSAYS IN THE ENTERTAINMENT AND HOSPITALITY INDUSTRIES Fangyun Tom Tan Lorin Hitt In the first part of the dissertation, we empirically examine the impact of expanded product variety due to the adoption of the Internet on demand concentration, taking endogeneity into consideration. We analyze two large data sets from the movie rental industry at both movie-level and consumer-level. We find that product variety diversifies the demand for niches more significantly than for hits in absolute terms (e.g., the top/bottom 1,000 titles). However, using relative terms (e.g., the top/bottom 10% of titles) to dynamically adjust for the changing product variety, we find that product variety increases the demand for the hits and reduces the demand for the niches. We further find that product variety increases monthly Gini Coefficients, a measure of demand concentration. We propose that new products appear much faster than consumers discover them. Finally, we find no evidence that niche titles satisfy consumer tastes any better than popular titles and that a small number of heavy users are more likely to venture into niches than light users. In the second part of the dissertation, we analyze a large, detailed operational data set from a restaurant chain to shed new light on how workload (defined as the hourly average number of diners assigned to a server) affects servers’ performance (measured as hourly sales). We use an exogenous shock implementation of a labor scheduling software to disentangle the endogeneity between demand and supply in this setting. We find that when the overall workload is low, an increase in the workload leads to higher server performance. However, there is a saturation point after which any further increase in the workload leads to degradation of performance. In the focal restaurant chain we find that this saturation point is generally not reached and, counter-intuitively, the chain can reduce the staffing level and achieve both significantly higher sales (an estimated 35% increase) and lower labor costs (an estimated 20% decrease).
Collaborative endodontic and surgical management of a type II dens invaginatus: One year follow-up

This case report illustrates type II dens invaginatus (DI) and analyzes the possible aspects of this defect. Dens invaginatus is a developmental anomaly of teeth that commonly affects permanent maxillary lateral incisors. This case report focuses on the non-surgical and surgical management of right maxillary lateral incisor associated with type II DI. Pulpal involvement of malformed tooth, bizarre in root canal anatomy, periapical pathosis and severe periodontal destruction were noticed. Endodontic therapy with combined obturation techniques, surgical
A Target Model Construction Algorithm for Robust Real-Time Mean-Shift Tracking

Mean-shift tracking has gained more interests, nowadays, aided by its feasibility of real-time and reliable tracker implementation. In order to reduce background clutter interference to mean-shift object tracking, this paper proposes a novel indicator function generation method. The proposed method takes advantage of two ‘a priori’ knowledge elements, which are inherent to a kernel support for initializing a target model. Based on the assured background labels, a gradient-based label propagation is performed, resulting in a number of objects differentiated from the background. Then the proposed region growing scheme picks up one largest target object near the center of the kernel support. The grown object region constitutes the proposed indicator function and this allows an exact target model construction for robust mean-shift tracking. Simulation results demonstrate the proposed exact target model could significantly enhance the robustness as well as the accuracy of mean-shift object tracking.
Pathogenetic characterization of a mouse herpesvirus isolate Sumava.

BALB/c mice inoculated intranasally (i.n.) with the mouse herpesvirus isolate Sumava (MHV-Sumava) did not show apparent symptoms of illness. However, they showed an increase in the number of leukocytes and appearance of atypical leukocytes in peripheral blood. The infiltration of spleen with atypical cells resulted in splenomegaly. In the course of the infection the virus persisted in lungs, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, mammary glands, peritoneal macrophages and liver. We regard MHV-Sumava as one of the eight isolates of MHV-68 (a virus and species Murid herpesvirus 4, genus Rhadinovirus, subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae, family Herpesviridae (van Regenmortel et al., 2000)) so far obtained. MHV-Sumava differs from MHV-68, MHV-72 and MHV-76 in some virological and pathogenetical features.
Chronic Hypoxia Induces Prolonged Angiogenesis in Skeletal Muscles of Rat

Skeletal muscle capillarity and fibre cross‐sectional area were investigated within and between diaphragm (Diaph), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), soleus (SOL) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of control and chronic hypoxic (12% O2 for 6 weeks) adult male Wistar rats (final body mass ∼355 g). Cryostat sections were stained for alkaline phosphatase activity to depict all capillaries, and for succinic dehydrogenase to demonstrate regional differences in oxidative capacity within the muscles. Hypoxia‐induced angiogenesis occurred in all muscles (P < 0.01), with capillary‐to‐fibre ratio (C:F) being higher in the more active and oxidative muscles, Diaph (27%) and SOL (26%), than phasically active and glycolytic muscles, TA (21%) and EDL (15%). Diaph, SOL and EDL maintained fibre size, and hence showed an increased capillary density (CD) and reduced intramuscular diffusion distance (DD), whereas TA showed fibre hypertrophy and maintained CD and DD compared to control muscles. The extent of angiogenesis among different regions of muscle varied so as to suggest that muscle fibre size has an additional influence on capillary growth during chronic systemic hypoxia, which is progressive over an extended period of systemic hypoxia.
Patient Satisfaction and Its Relationship With Clinical Quality and Inpatient Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background—Hospitals use patient satisfaction surveys to assess their quality of care. A key question is whether these data provide valid information about the medically related quality of hospital care. The objective of this study was to determine whether patient satisfaction is associated with adherence to practice guidelines and outcomes for acute myocardial infarction and to identify the key drivers of patient satisfaction. Methods and Results—We examined clinical data on 6467 patients with acute myocardial infarction treated at 25 US hospitals participating in the CRUSADE initiative from 2001 to 2006. Press Ganey patient satisfaction surveys for cardiac admissions were also available from 3562 patients treated at these same 25 centers over this period. Patient satisfaction was positively correlated with 13 of 14 acute myocardial infarction performance measures. After controlling for a hospital's overall guideline adherence score, higher patient satisfaction scores were associated with lower risk-adjusted inpatient mortality (P=0.025). One-quartile changes in both patient satisfaction and guideline adherence scores produced similar changes in predicted survival. For example, a 1-quartile change (75th to 100th) in either the patient satisfaction score or the guideline adherence score yielded the same change in predicted survival (odds ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.49; and odds ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.41, respectively). Satisfaction with nursing care was the most important determinant of overall patient satisfaction (P<0.001). Conclusions—Higher patient satisfaction is associated with improved guideline adherence and lower inpatient mortality rates, suggesting that patients are good discriminators of the type of care they receive. Thus, patients' satisfaction with their care provides important incremental information on the quality of acute myocardial infarction care.
Resolving Identity Uncertainty with Learned Random Walks

A pervasive problem in large relational databases is identity uncertainty which occurs when multiple entries in a database refer to the same underlying entity in the world. Relational databases exhibit rich graphical structure and are naturally modeled as graphs whose nodes represent entities and whose typed-edges represent relations between them. We propose using random walk models for resolving identity uncertainty since they have proven effective for finding points which are proximately located in a network. Because not all types of relations are equally helpful in alleviating identity uncertainty, we develop a supervised approach to learning the usefulness of different database relations from a training set of database entries whose true identities are known. When tested on the task of resolving uncertainty of ambiguously named authors in bibliographical data, the learned random walk models yield performance superior to support vector machines, and to a related spectral clustering method.
Interakcyjne uwarunkowania procesu stawania się ofiarą mobbingu

Celem, jaki przed sobą postawiłem jest spojrzenie na niektóre aspekty mobbingu z perspektywy założeń symbolicznego interakcjonizmu. W centrum moich analiz ulokowałem interakcje pomiędzy osobą nękaną, mobberem, a także otoczeniem zawodowym oraz innymi osobami, którym mobbowany pracownik przypisuje duże znaczenie. Wnioski, jakie prezentuję w niniejszym artykule opierają się na badaniach przeprowadzonych przeze mnie w latach 2004–2007 wśród osób nękanych psychicznie oraz ekspertów, którzy z racji swego zawodu zajmują się problemem mobbingu. Zastosowałem technikę wywiadów narracyjnych oraz swobodnych. Łączna ilość wywiadów wyniosła 69. W poszukiwaniach danych empirycznych oraz ich interpretacji przyjąłem założenia metodologii teorii ugruntowanej.