Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quasi-circulator based automotive monostatic transceiver with integrated leakage canceler

A novel 77-GHz monostatic FMCW radar structure for automotive application is proposed. The transmit-receive (TX-RX) signal separation is handled by an active quasi-circulator (QC) with integrated leakage canceler. The down conversion of the receive signal is performed by a single-balanced (SB) mixer to avoid single-ended to differential conversion losses and to reduce the chip area consumption. As the leakage canceler is adjusted with the DC-offset of the mixer, also the LO leakage can be compensated with this approach. To facilitate a linear TX path, a transformer is used to couple the transmit signal. A test chip of the transceiver is fabricated in a 200-GHz fT Silicon-Germanium (SiGe) HBT technology. The performance of the overall system is demonstrated by on-wafer measurements. The transmit insertion loss is around 7 dB, whereas the receive gain is around 21.5 dB at 77 GHz. The receiver noise figure (NF) is measured to be below 17.5 dB at 77 GHz.
APL, dynamic programming, and the optimal control of electromagnetic brake retarders

The basis of dynamic programming is described. It is a method for finding the best way to control a system when that system can be controlled by its inputs. As an example, the optimal (or best) control of an electromagnetic brake retarder is derived. In this example the current to the brake retarder is the input being controlled. APL is shown to be a convenient language for writing a dynamic programming algorithm. A set of APL subroutines is provided for solving two-dimensional problems with one input. Adept APL programmers may enjoy the challenge of generalizing this code to problems of arbitrary dimensions.
Automated perceptions in data mining

Visualization is known to be one of the most efficient data mining approaches. The human eye can capture complex patterns and relationships, along with detecting the outlying (exceptional) cases in a data set. The main limitation of the visual data analysis is its poor scalability: it is hardly applicable to data sets of high dimensionality. We use the concepts of fuzzy set theory to automate the process of human perception. The automated tasks include comparison of frequency distributions, evaluating reliability of dependent variables, and detecting outliers in noisy data. Multiple perceptions (related to different users) can be represented by adjusting the parameters of the fuzzy membership functions. The applicability of automated perceptions is demonstrated on several real-world data sets.
Broadband Near-Field Range and Bearing Estimation Based on Fourth-Order Cumulants

In the paper, the problem of broadband near-field source localization is investigated. A novel method for joint range and bearing estimation of broadband near-field sources is proposed using coherent signal subspace method (CSM) and fourth-order cumulant. The broadband of near-field source is divided into multiple narrowband frequency bins. Coherent focusing of the received data over multiple frequency bins is studied. To estimate the ranges and bearings for near-field sources, a cumulant-based subspace method is then presented to obtain estimated parameters from eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the eigen-decomposition of the cumulant matrix. Compared with 2D-MUSIC method for broadband near-field localization, the advantages of the proposed method lie in that multiple-dimension search computation is not required and Gaussian colored noise is effectively removed.
Role of N-acetylcysteine in the management of COPD

The importance of the underlying local and systemic oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has long been established. In view of the lack of therapy that might inhibit the progress of the disease, there is an urgent need for a successful therapeutic approach that, through affecting the pathological processes, will influence the subsequent issues in COPD management such as lung function, airway clearance, dyspnoea, exacerbation, and quality of life. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a mucolytic and antioxidant drug that may also influence several inflammatory pathways. It provides the sulfhydryl groups and acts both as a precursor of reduced glutathione and as a direct reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, hence regulating the redox status in the cells. The changed redox status may, in turn, influence the inflammation-controlling pathways. Moreover, as a mucolytic drug, it may, by means of decreasing viscosity of the sputum, clean the bronchi leading to a decrease in dyspnoea and improved lung function. Nevertheless, as successful as it is in the in vitro studies and in vivo studies with high dosage, its actions at the dosages used in COPD management are debatable. It seems to influence exacerbation rate and limit the number of hospitalization days, however, with little or no influence on the lung function parameters. Despite these considerations and in view of the present lack of effective therapies to inhibit disease progression in COPD, NAC and its derivatives with their multiple molecular modes of action remain promising medication once doses and route of administration are optimized.
Objective Japanese intelligibility prediction for noisy speech signals before and after noise-reduction processing

In this paper, we investigate eight objective speech intelligibility prediction measures for noisy signals before and after noise-reduction processing in Japanese. The Japanese speech signals were first corrupted by three types of noises at two signal-to-noise ratios and processed by four classes of noise-reduction algorithms, whose intelligibility was subsequently predicted by objective measures. The subjective intelligibility ratings were obtained through a set of listening tests. Further investigations were conducted for objective measures in predicting speech intelligibility of noise-reduced signals between subjective evaluation scores and objective prediction results, and of noisy signals before and after noise-reduction processing, in terms of correlation analysis and prediction errors.
An Improved Hybrid Peer-to-Peer Routing Algorithm

Now botnets have become the great threat of Internet Security. To be well prepared for future attacks, it is not enough to study how to defend against the botnets that have appeared in the past. More importantly, we should study advanced botnet designs that could be developed in the near future. In this paper, we present the improved design of an advanced hybrid P2P routing algorithm. The first method is based on the distinguish treatment between servent bots and client bots, introduce a connective table into the construction procedure of P2P network, combine with the concept of Maximum Connective Degree(MCD), design a self-adaptive routing algorithm which made the P2P architecture reach a well-balanced connectivity automatically; the second improvement is use dual-channel mechanism to add a special backdoor, which greatly enhanced the robustness of P2P network.
PORTFOLIO OPTIMIZATION ASSOCIATED WITH A WEAK INFORMATION

In this paper we consider an investor who trades in a complete financial market so as to maximize his expected utility of wealth at a prespecified time. We assume that he is in the following position : His portfolio decisions are based on a public information flow but he possesses extra information about the law of some functional of the future prices of a stock. Our basic question is then: How should he trade on the financial market to optimally exploit his extra information? We show that the optimal trading strategies corresponding to a such investor (called weakly informed) are derived from processes which are solutions of what we called in a previous paper a conditioned stochastic differential equation. Such processes can be realized as all the possible filters of the price process seen under the martingale probability measure but looked in a enlarged filtration. This filtering makes the link with the works of several authors who considered financial markets in which one insider possesses from the beginning extra information about the outcome ω by ω of some variable (this is a higher information level which we call strong).
Does a Hierarchical Internet Necessitate Multilateral Intervention

As the Internet matures and commercializes, it has become more hierarchical particularly regarding the terms and conditions for network interconnection. The previous "democratic" Sender Keep All ("SKA") system promoted networking externalities, but also generated free rider opportunities and great potential for network congestion. The individual networks that make up the Internet remain well integrated, but a more hierarchical pricing arrangement has developed. Only the largest Internet Service Providers ("ISPs") continue to "peer" on a SKA basis, while demanding payment from smaller operators. Predictably, smaller ISPs and some government officials object to the changed circumstances. The commercial, unregulated nature of ISP interconnection negotiations now require sizeable transfer payments where none previously existed. Much of the payment flows to Tier-1 ISPs located in North America, leading some stakeholders in other locales to object claiming that the system violates trade, antitrust and economic development policies. This paper will explore the nature of the Internet interconnection dispute with an eye toward examining the strategies used and predicting the outcome. The strategies examination will consider whether and how stakeholders can bring the matter before multilateral forums like the International Telecommunication Union and the World Trade Organization. The outcomes forecast will consider whether the problem will abate or grow acute. This consideration involves an assessment whether Internet traffic flows and content will more substantially diverge from a North American focus and whether interconnection arrangements will become even more finely calibrated.
Atherosclerosis Burden in Patients with Acute Chest Pain: Obesity Paradox

Obesity paradox has been described in various populations of coronary artery disease, mainly asymptomatic subjects. However, relationship between obesity and coronary artery calcification detected by cardiac CT in symptomatic patients has rarely been demonstrated. This study seeks to investigate whether the paradoxical relationship between obesity and coronary artery calcification exists in patients with acute chest pain. A final cohort of 1030 chest pain patients presenting at our emergency department who underwent coronary evaluation by multidetector cardiac CT were examined. With absent-to-mild coronary calcification (CAC score < 100) as a referent, multivariable analysis showed that presence of obesity (OR 0.564; 95% CI 0.395, 0.806; P 0.002), body mass index (OR 0.945; 95% CI 0.920, 0.971; P < 0.001), body weight (OR 0.987; 95% CI 0.979, 0.995; P 0.001), and body surface area (OR 0.582; 95% CI 0.369, 0.920; P 0.020) were inversely associated with moderate-to-severe coronary calcification (CAC score ≥ 100). This study extends the concept of obesity paradox to symptomatic patients undergoing coronary artery calcium score assessment. However, biological explanation(s) of this paradox remains unanswered.
Emergence of Key Currency by Interaction among International and Domestic Markets

In this research, we tackle the problem of the emergence of the key currency. A market model is proposed with the currency credibility as the standard of selection for the payment method. Artificial markets are constructed based on the X-Economy, which is a project aiming at offering a common platform for an artificial economy and artificial market research. The results of simulations show that the currency of a country without extensive economic power can become the key currency.
Automatic reconstruction of fault networks from seismicity catalogs: Three-dimensional optimal anisotropic dynamic clustering

[1] We propose a new pattern recognition method that is able to reconstruct the three-dimensional structure of the active part of a fault network using the spatial location of earthquakes. The method is a generalization of the so-called dynamic clustering (or k means) method, that partitions a set of data points into clusters, using a global minimization criterion of the variance of the hypocenters locations about their center of mass. The new method improves on the original k means method by taking into account the full spatial covariance tensor of each cluster in order to partition the data set into fault-like, anisotropic clusters. Given a catalog of seismic events, the output is the optimal set of plane segments that fits the spatial structure of the data. Each plane segment is fully characterized by its location, size, and orientation. The main tunable parameter is the accuracy of the earthquake locations, which fixes the resolution, i.e., the residual variance of the fit. The resolution determines the number of fault segments needed to describe the earthquake catalog: the better the resolution, the finer the structure of the reconstructed fault segments. The algorithm successfully reconstructs the fault segments of synthetic earthquake catalogs. Applied to the real catalog constituted of a subset of the aftershock sequence of the 28 June 1992 Landers earthquake in southern California, the reconstructed plane segments fully agree with faults already known on geological maps or with blind faults that appear quite obvious in longer-term catalogs. Future improvements of the method are discussed, as well as its potential use in the multiscale study of the inner structure of fault zones.
Antileukemic activity of combined epigenetic agents, DNMT inhibitors zebularine and RG108 with HDAC inhibitors, against promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells

DNMT inhibitors are promising new drugs for cancer therapies. In this study, we have observed the antileukemic action of two diverse DNMT inhibitors, the nucleoside agent zebularine and the non-nucleoside agent RG108, in human promyelocytic leukemia (PML) HL-60 cells. Zebularine but not RG108 caused dose- and time-dependent cell growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis. However, co-treatment with either drug at a non-toxic dose and all trans retinoic acid (RA) reinforced differentiation to granulocytes, while 24 or 48 h-pretreatment with zebularine or RG108 followed by RA alone or in the presence of HDAC inhibitors (sodium phenyl butyrate or BML-210) significantly accelerated and enhanced cell maturation to granulocytes. This occurs in parallel with the expression of a surface biomarker, CD11b, and early changes in histone H4 acetylation and histone H3K4me3 methylation. The application of both drugs to HL-60 cells in continuous or sequential fashion decreased DNMT1 expression, and induced E-cadherin promoter demethylation and reactivation at both the mRNA and the protein levels in association with the induction of granulocytic differentiation. The results confirmed the utility of zebularine and RG108 in combinations with RA and HDAC inhibitors to reinforce differentiation effects in promyelocytic leukemia.
An Overview of Methods for Feature Selection Based on Mutual Information for Stream Data Classification

Feature selection, the process of removing irrelevant features can be extremely useful in reducing the dimensionality of the data to be processed, in reducing execution time and improving predictive accuracy of the classifier. It is very hard to process over the large data set with respect to the time, memory and the computation cost. Because the bigger size data set are having the large number of the attributes to process, it is not necessary in many cases that all the features are relevant to get the knowledge about the domain. We want to decrease the number of features to process for classification.
Video Therapy for Atypical Eating Disorder and Obesity: A Case Study

Both eating and weight disorders are prevalent in our society but many sufferers do not have access to specialist treatments, especially those living in remote and rural areas. Video therapy is proposed as a potential solution, allowing therapists to deliver psychological treatments without the costs associated with travel. Furthermore, there is a gap in the evidence base for those with co-morbid obesity and atypical eating disorders, but it is likely that treatments which focus on linking past and present patterns of behaviour and emphasise cognitive, behavioural and emotional change will be most effective. A naturalistic single case design was used to pilot the feasibility of providing video therapy using the schema therapy mode model, which involves a range of ‘active’ techniques including chair work and imagery. Results suggest that videoconferencing may be well suited to the delivery of experiential psychotherapy, leading to change across several domains. Scores on the EDE-Q showed a 77% improvement and the client was abstinent from vomiting during the last 28 days of treatment. The findings from this study indicate that video therapy may be effective for this co-morbid diagnostic group and highlight the need for further larger scale research.
Expansion of Planet Detection Methods in Next-Generation Microlensing Surveys

We classify various types of planetary lensing signals and the methods for detecting them. We estimate the relative frequencies of planet detections by various methods, with special emphasis on new methods to be provided by future lensing experiments that will continuously survey wide fields at high cadence using very large format imaging cameras. From this investigation, we find that the fraction of wide-separation planets that would be discovered through the new methods of detecting planetary signals as independent and repeating events would be substantial. We estimate that the fraction of planets detectable through the new methods would comprise ~15%-30% of all planets, depending on the models of planetary separation distribution and the mass ratios of the planets. Considering that a significant fraction of planets might exist as free-floating planets, the frequency of detections through the new methods would be even higher. With the addition of the new methods, future lensing surveys will greatly expand the range of planets that can be detected.
Spatial and Anatomical Regularization of SVM: A General Framework for Neuroimaging Data

This paper presents a framework to introduce spatial and anatomical priors in SVM for brain image analysis based on regularization operators. A notion of proximity based on prior anatomical knowledge between the image points is defined by a graph (e.g., brain connectivity graph) or a metric (e.g., Fisher metric on statistical manifolds). A regularization operator is then defined from the graph Laplacian, in the discrete case, or from the Laplace-Beltrami operator, in the continuous case. The regularization operator is then introduced into the SVM, which exponentially penalizes high-frequency components with respect to the graph or to the metric and thus constrains the classification function to be smooth with respect to the prior. It yields a new SVM optimization problem whose kernel is a heat kernel on graphs or on manifolds. We then present different types of priors and provide efficient computations of the Gram matrix. The proposed framework is finally applied to the classification of brain Magnetic Resonance (MR) images (based on Gray Matter (GM) concentration maps and cortical thickness measures) from 137 patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and 162 elderly controls. The results demonstrate that the proposed classifier generates less-noisy and consequently more interpretable feature maps with high classification performances.
Aster formation in eggs of Xenopus laevis. Induction by isolated basal bodies

We have assayed various materials for their ability to induce aster formation by microinjection into unfertilized eggs of Xenopus laevis. We have found that purified basal bodies from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Tetrahymena pyriformis induce the formation of asters and irregular cleavage furrows within 1 h after injection. Other microtubule structures such as flagella, flagellar axonemes, cilia, and brain microtubules are completely ineffective at inducing asters or cleavage furrows in unfertilized eggs. When known amounts of sonicated Tetrahymena and Chlamydomonas preparations are injected into unfertilized eggs, 50% of the injected eggs show a furrowing response at approximately 3 cell equvalents for Chlamydomonas and 0.1 cell equivalent for Tetrahymena. These results are close to those expected if basal bodies were the effective astral-inducing agent in these cells. Other materials effective at inducing asters in unfertilized eggs, such as crude brain nuclei, sperm, and a particulate fraction from brain known to induce parthenogenesis in eggs of Rana pipiens, probably contain centrioles as the effective agent. Our experiments provide the first functional assay to indicate that centrioles play an active role in aster initiation. None of the injected materials effective in unfertilized eggs produced any observable response in fully grown oocytes. Oocytes and eggs were found to have equal tubulin pools as judged by colchicine-binding activity. Therefore, the inability of oocytes to form asters cannot be due to a lack of an organizing center or to a lack of tubulin. Experiments in which D2O was found to stimulate aster-like fibrous areas in eggs but not oocytes suggest that the inability of oocytes to form asters may be due to an inability of tubulin in oocytes to assemble.
Réplica a "Comentarios Críticos a 'Una nota sobre la regulación del precio del gas en México'"

Quienes escribimos esta nota aclaratoria reconocemos no ser los mejores economistas ni los mayores expertos acerca de la regulation energetiea, pero no por ello consideramos que nuestro modelo earezca de validez. Al mismo tiempo, aceptamos que en nuestro articulo puede haber errores, e incluso, quizas alguno que Brito y Rosellon ban tenido la amabilidad de senalar. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de lo que califican como "errores" en nuestro tra bajo sencillamente no lo son. En apariencia, ellos consideran que los supues tos y resultados del modelo son erroneos porque no les agradan o los malinterpretan. El primer comentario critieo de Brito y Rosellon se refiere al "error" que se comete en nuestro trabajo al hablar de un costo marginal que, en su opinion, es imposible definir por tratarse de bienes que se producen de ma nera conjunta. Aunque es cierto que la production de GLP, de gas natural y, en algunos casos, de petroleo se realiza de manera conjunta,1 esto no quiere decir que sea imposible realizar una asignacion de costos entre los distintos bienes. Es practica comun dividir los costos de la production o del transpor te de bienes de acuerdo con distintos criterios, si se desea arbitrarios.2 Si se intenta llevar un argumento al extremo, se podria decir incluso que Brito, Littlejohn y Rosellon (1999) lo hacen, posiblemente sin darse cuenta, al de cir: "El transporte maritimo de una tonelada de GLP por mil millas (1 609 ki lometros) cuesta cerca de 5 dolares". 3 No puede uno menos que preguntarse como pueden definir el costo de transportar una tonelada de GLP siendo que en un buque se transportan varias toneladas de GLP de manera conjunta. IQue parte del costo le correspondent a cada tonelada? Pareceria que Brito y Rosellon no tienen problema alguno para definir arbitrariamente costos unitarios de transporte, pero les parece imposible que otras personas hagan lo mismo cuando se trata de los costos de production. Es claro que, en el peor de los casos, si no se desea distribuir costos entre distintos bienes, al menos