Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extreme institutional complexity and corporate combative strategy

Research has conducted in-depth discussions on how firms strategically respond to institutional complexity. However, such research has yet to resolve the issue of how firms respond to the extreme institutional complexity, which is the extreme institutional conflict between a powerful stakeholder and another important stakeholder. In this situation, competing institutional demands within the organization could not bargain or simultaneously coexist, and the external public does not view the claims of another important stakeholder as legitimate. Accordingly, organizational response strategies in the existing literature cannot address the extreme institutional complexity. We propose that under extreme institutional complexity, the more salient the powerful stakeholder, the more inclined the firm to combat another important stakeholder. However, when the firm has established a connection with a powerful stakeholder, the firm will not incline to combat another important stakeholder. Our empirical results provide strong support for these arguments based on event system theory and using a natural experiment based on the responses of Chinese firms under an extreme institutional conflict. Thus, we contribute to the strategic responses of firms under institutional complexity and enrich the legitimacy theory.
Enabling High-Efficient ReRAM-Based CNN Training Via Exploiting Crossbar-Level Insignificant Writing Elimination

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely adopted in many deep learning applications. However, training a deep CNN requests intensive data transfer, which is both time and energy consuming. Using resistive random-access memory (ReRAM) to process data locally in memory is an emerging solution to eliminate the massive data movement. However, training cannot be efficiently supported with current ReRAM-based PIM accelerators because of the frequent and high-cost ReRAM writing operations from the delay, energy, and ReRAM lifetime perspectives. In this paper, we observe that activation induced and weight updating induced writing operations dominate the training energy on ReRAM-based accelerators. We then exploit and leverage a new angle in intermediate data (e.g., activations and errors) sparsity that fits the unique computation pattern in ReRAM crossbars to effectively eliminate the insignificant ReRAM writings, thus, enabling highly efficient CNN training without hurting the training accuracy. The experiment results show our proposed scheme achieves averagely <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.97\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo>. </mml:mo><mml:mn>97</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wang-ieq1-3288763.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$19.23\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>19</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>23</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wang-ieq2-3288763.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>) energy saving and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.38\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>. </mml:mo><mml:mn>38</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wang-ieq3-3288763.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> (<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$30.08\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>30</mml:mn><mml:mo>.</mml:mo><mml:mn>08</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wang-ieq4-3288763.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula>) speedup compared to the state-of-the-art ReRAM-based accelerator (GPU). Our scheme also achieves <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.55\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo>. </mml:mo><mml:mn>55</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="wang-ieq5-3288763.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> lifetime enhancement compared to the state-of-the-art ReRAM accelerator.
Lubrication mechanisms of graphene for DLC films scratched by a diamond tip

The lubrication behavior of graphene for diamond-like carbon (DLC) films scratched by a diamond tip is investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Graphene can efficiently lubricate the DLC film, and its lubrication performance can be improved by the increase of its layer number but be degraded by its defects and large size. The friction mechanisms of graphene during its lubrication highly depend on normal force, FN. Under a small FN, a superlow friction force, Ff, is obtained which represents the super-lubrication of graphene. Under a large FN, the Ff increases due to the tribochemical reactions of graphene. Such reactions happen before the rupture of the graphene, which indicates the limitations of the super-lubrication of graphene in realistic situations.
The influence of spirituality in the workplace on the satisfaction of private sector employees

Work plays a fundamental role in human life, as it is not only a means of survival, but also a lever for social, organizational and spiritual experiences, producing meaning, joy and purpose in life. Based on this view, we proposed the following research question: What is the influence of spirituality on the various constructs that form Satisfaction with the workplace in the Brazilian oil and gas industry? ” To answer this question, we applied a questionnaire that gathers the scales of Spirituality by Liu and Robert (2011) and Satisfaction with the Workplace by Siqueira (2008). We collected and analyzed using the SEM-PLS 514 complete questionnaires. This technique was applied using SmartPLS 2.0 software. The results indicate that spirituality positively influenced Satisfaction with Wage, Boss, Promotions and Tasks. The only relationship that was not statistically supported was Satisfaction with Coworkers. This result is very interesting as it goes against the literature and points to a peculiarity of great competition between coworkers, which can make the environment quite difficult for management. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in the presentation and testing of the SJS scale in an environment different from its first application, which was in the public sector. The practical contribution is to point out issues that can be worked on by managers, bringing short and long-term gains to satisfaction with the workplace and, consequently, greater employee engagement and commitment.
Applied Mathematics and Mechanics

By direct integration of the Young-Laplace relation, a set of identities are presented for the axisymmetric sessile drops on flat and curved substrates. The geometrical parameters, including the apex curvature, the apex height, and the contact radius, are related by the identities. The validity of the identities is checked by various numerical solutions for drops on flat and curved substrates.
Flat supercontinuum generation by a F8L in high-energy harmonic noise-like pulsing regime

We propose the use of a figure eight fiber laser cavity in fundamental and harmonic mode-locking noise-like pulsing regimes, with output pulse energies as high as 302.8 nJ, as an improved supercontinuum source. The absence of a polarizer in the laser setup, so that the state of polarization along the cavity is not restricted, allows enhanced performances compared to other similar schemes. Noise-like pulses with durations of a few tens of ns were generated and a coherence length in the order of ps. For proper adjustments, self-starting passive mode-locking is obtained and a supercontinuum spectrum is observed at the laser output. We observe that the spectrum flatness is significantly improved in the harmonic mode-locking regime of the fiber laser. These results were achieved without the need to insert any high-nonlinearity propagation medium in the setup or at the laser output.
Efficiency Maximization of a Jet Pump for an Hydraulic Artificial Lift System

In science and engineering, mathematical modeling serves as a tool to understand processes and systems acting as a testing bed for several hypotheses. The selection of a specific model, as well as its variables and parameters, depends on the nature of the system under analysis and the acceptable simplifying assumptions. Therefore, it must allow for a good fit between both the hypothesis and the available data. Opposite to other design approaches based on experimental data or/and complex models, this work presents a simpler numerical design method for efficiency maximization of an Hydraulic Jet Pump (HJP) for oil-well extraction process, considering its hydraulic and geometric parameters. The design process consists in setting and solving a constrained non-linear optimization problem by taking into account the hydraulic model of the HJP in terms four design variables: throat area, nozzle area, injection flow, and injection pressure to the oil-well. The objective function of this case aims to maximize the HJP's efficiency avoiding to approach cavitation condition as well fulfilling technical constraints. A numerical technique, Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA), has been implemented to solve the optimization problem. The proposed methodology leads to a solution set by considering only commercial geometries and feasible operating conditions for the HJP, which facilitates its practical implementation. A set of ten oil-wells with land production data, operating in the southeaster of Mexico, is used to compare and validate several Jet pump designs, i. e. , through comparison with actual oil-well's operation condition.
The gene-environment independence assumption in the analysis of case-control data

In this thesis, we consider the problem of exploiting the gene-environment independence assumption in a case-control study inferring the joint effect of genotype and environmental exposure on disease risk. We first take a detour and develop the constrained maximum likelihood estimation theory for parameters arising from a partially identified model, where some parameters of the model may only be identified through constraints imposed by additional assumptions. We show that, under certain conditions, the constrained maximum likelihood estimator exists and locally maximizes the likelihood function subject to constraints. Moreover, we study the asymptotic distribution of the estimator and propose a numerical algorithm for estimating parameters. Next, we use the frequentist approach to analyze case-control data under the gene-environment independence assumption. By transforming the problem into a constrained maximum likelihood estimation problem, we are able to derive the asymptotic distribution of the estimator in a closed form. We then show that exploiting the gene-environment independence assumption indeed improves estimation efficiency. Also, we propose an easy-to-implement numerical algorithm for finding estimates in practice. Furthermore, we approach the problem in a Bayesian framework. By introducing a different parameterization of the underlying model for case-control data, we are able to define a prior structure reflecting the gene-environment independence assumption and develop an efficient numerical algorithm for the computation of the posterior distribution. The proposed Bayesian method is further generalized to address the concern about the validity of the gene-environment independence assumption. ii Finally, we consider a special variant of the standard case-control design, the case-only design, and study the analysis of case-only data under the gene-environment independence assumption and the rare disease assumption. We show that the Bayesian method for analyzing case-control data is readily applicable for the analysis of case-only data, allowing the flexibility of incorporating different prior beliefs on disease prevalence.
Estimating the distribution of the preposterior mean using moment matching

Preposterior analysis covers a wide range of approaches in many different disciplines and relates to any analysis concerned with understanding the properties of a future posterior distribution before relevant data have been collected. Embedding preposterior analysis in a decision making context implies that we are interested in the hypothetical values of the posterior mean utility for different decision options, known as the distribution of the preposterior mean. The distribution of the preposterior mean utility can be summarised with the Expected Value of Sample Information (EVSI) and used to aid funding decisions for future data collection exercises, which is especially important in health economic decision making. We present a method for estimating the distribution of the preposterior mean utility with a small number of hypothetical data samples using moment matching and samples from the prior of the utility. We discuss why this methodology is likely to accurately approximate the distribution of interest. We also suggest some settings where the moment matching method will be less accurate, particularly for small sample sizes of the future data collection exercise. We then illustrate the success of this methodology by calculating the EVSI in four varied examples, including a practical example from the health economic literature.
Cognitive reserve and individual differences in brain tumour patients

Abstract The aim of the paper is to determine the effects of the cognitive reserve on brain tumour patients’ cognitive functions and, specifically, if cognitive reserve helps patients cope with the negative effects of brain tumours on their cognitive functions. We retrospectively studied a large sample of around 700 patients, diagnosed with a brain tumour. Each received an MRI brain examination and performed a battery of tests measuring their cognitive abilities before they underwent neurosurgery. To account for the complexity of cognitive reserve, we construct our cognitive reserve proxy by combining three predictors of patients’ cognitive performance, namely, patients’ education, occupation, and the environment where they live. Our statistical analysis controls for the type, side, site, and size of the lesion, for fluid intelligence quotient, and for age and gender, in order to tease out the effect of cognitive reserve on each of these tests. Clinical neurological variables have the expected effects on cognitive functions. We find a robust positive effect of cognitive reserve on patients’ cognitive performance. Moreover, we find that cognitive reserve modulates the effects of the volume of the lesion: the additional negative impact of an increase in the tumour size on patients’ performance is less severe for patients with higher cognitive reserve. We also find substantial differences in these effects depending on the cerebral hemisphere where the lesion occurred and on the cognitive function considered. For several of these functions, the positive effect of cognitive reserve is stronger for patients with lesions in the left hemisphere than for patients whose lesions are in the right hemisphere. The development of prevention strategies and personalized rehabilitation interventions will benefit from our contribution to understanding the role of cognitive reserve, in addition to that of neurological variables, as one of the factors determining the patients’ individual differences in cognitive performance caused by brain tumours.
Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Canva Dengan Desain Infografis Dalam Mata Pelajaran Sejarah di Sekolah Menengah Atas

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran berbasis canva dengan desain infografis yang valid dan efektif untuk siswa sekolah menengah atas. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE meliputi; Analisis (Analysis), Perancangan (Design), Pengembangan (Development), Implementasi (Implementation), dan Evaluasi (Evaluation). Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 10 Palembang dengan subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 4 yang berjumlah 41 orang. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui teknik tes dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kevalidan media pembelajaran dinilai dari tiga ahli yakni ahli materi, media, dan desain instruksional telah memenuhi kriteria valid. Hasil validasi materi 4,50 dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil validasi media 4,43 dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil validasi desain instruksional 4,50 dengan kategori sangat valid. Rata-rata hasil uji validitas adalah 4,47 dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil tahap uji coba lapangan diperoleh nilai N-gain sebesar 0,71 dengan keefektifan kategori tinggi. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis canva dengan desain infografis sudah memenuhi kriteria valid dan efektif sehingga layak digunakan.
Determinants of European telecom operators' capital structure

In recent years, the telecommunications services sector has made a remarkable contribution to the global economy, thereby attracting the interest of researchers. This study aims to examine the relationship between total leverage and its main components (short-term and longterm leverage) and firm-specific and country-specific factors affecting the capital structure of European telecom operators during 2009-2020. The observed period, beginning right after the world economic crisis in 2008, was characterized by a stable economy and the expansion of mobile communications, and the Internet and multimedia services. We used dynamic panel regression models with 9 explanatory and three dependent variables and concluded that liquidity, profitability, sales growth, assets turnover, cost of debt, and non-debt tax shield had a significant influence on the capital structure of European telecom operators. We found that total leverage and long-term leverage significantly depend on their previous year's values. Tangibility, size of firm, and country GDP growth rate were not significantly associated with the capital structure of telecom operators within the observed period. The findings about a dominant negative impact of liquidity and profitability, and the positive impact of sales growth on leverage, are in line with the postulations of the pecking-order theory. This study can be helpful to managers and other stakeholders in improving their understanding of the factors affecting the capital structure of telecom operators.
Does Financial Inclusion Lead to Financial Stability? Evidence From South Asian Countries – A Case of SMEs

Financial inclusion (FI) and financial stability (FS) are the top policy agendas worldwide. The governments of Asian countries emphasized their concerns about macroeconomic instability due to high FI. With limited studies, especially in South Asia, this study examines the relationship between financial inclusion and stability of the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) using Generalized Method of Moments by considering eight South Asian countries for the period 2000-2020. Also, the effects of various FI measures on FS indicators. The findings indicate that FS can be attained by increasing the lending to SMEs, decreasing NPLs and also high per capita GDP.
Risk Factors for Conversion from Laparoscopic to Open Appendectomy

(1) Background: Since its introduction in the 1990s, laparoscopic appendectomy has become established over the years and is today considered the standard therapy for acute appendicitis. In some cases, however, a conversion to the open approach is still necessary. The primary aim of this study was to identify risk factors for the need to convert from the laparoscopic to an open approach during appendectomy for acute appendicitis. (2) Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1220 adult patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for acute appendicitis from 2010 to 2020 at the University Hospital Erlangen was performed. Data, including patient demographics and pre-, intra-, and postoperative findings, were collected and compared between patients with and without conversion. (3) Results: The conversion rate in our cohort was 5.5%. A higher preoperative WBC count and CRP (OR 1.9, p = 0.042, and OR 2.3, p = 0.019, respectively), as well as the presence of intraoperative perforation, necrosis or gangrene, perityphlitic abscess and peritonitis (OR 3.2, p = 0.001; OR 2.3, p = 0.023; OR 2.6, p = 0.006 and OR 2.0, p = 0.025, respectively) were identified as independent risk factors for conversion from the laparoscopic to the open approach. Conversion was again independently associated with higher morbidity (OR 2.2, p = 0.043). (4) Conclusion: The laparoscopic approach is feasible and safe in the majority of patients with acute appendicitis. Only increased inflammatory blood markers could be detected as the preoperative risk factors potentially influencing the choice of surgical approach but only with low specificity and sensitivity. For the decision to convert, intraoperative findings are additionally crucial. However, patients with conversion should receive special attention in the postoperative course, as these have an increased risk of developing complications.
Cognitive reflection and endorsement of the “great replacement” conspiracy theory

According to the “great replacement” conspiracy theory, mass immigration to Europe and the U.S. is part of a secret plot to replace the autochthonous White and Christian population with non-White and Muslim immigrants. With the aim of exploring psychological factors that play a role in believing in the “great replacement” theory, the present research focused on individual differences in reflective thinking. Using data from a cross-sectional study (N = 906), we found that cognitive reflection was negatively associated with belief in the “great replacement” conspiracy theory, even when political ideology and sociodemographic characteristics were controlled in the analysis. The findings highlight the key role of reflective thinking in countering conspiracy theories.
Parametric frequency mixing in a magnetoelastically driven linear ferromagnetic-resonance oscillator

We demonstrate the linear frequency conversion of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency by optically excited elastic waves in a thin metallic film on dielectric substrates. Time-resolved probing of the magnetization directly witnesses magnetoelastically driven parametric second-harmonic generation, sum-and difference-frequency mixing from two distinct frequencies, as well as excitation of parametric resonances. Starting from the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations, we derive an analytical equation of an elastically driven (nonlinear) parametric oscillator and show that frequency mixing is dominated by the parametric modulation of the linear FMR oscillator.
A method for velocity signal reconstruction of AFDISAR/PDV based on crazy-climber algorithm

The resolution of Continuous wavelet transformation (CWT) is different when the frequency is different. For this property, the time-frequency signal of coherent signal obtained by All Fiber Displacement Interferometer System for Any Reflector (AFDISAR) is extracted. Crazy-climber Algorithm is adopted to extract wavelet ridge while Velocity history curve of the measuring object is obtained. Numerical simulation is carried out. The reconstruction signal is completely consistent with the original signal, which verifies the accuracy of the algorithm. Vibration of loudspeaker and free end of Hopkinson incident bar under impact loading are measured by AFDISAR, and the measured coherent signals are processed. Velocity signals of loudspeaker and free end of Hopkinson incident bar are reconstructed respectively. Comparing with the theoretical calculation, the particle vibration arrival time difference error of the free end of Hopkinson incident bar is 2μs. It is indicated from the results that the algorithm is of high accuracy, and is of high adaptability to signals of different time-frequency feature. The algorithm overcomes the limitation of modulating the time window artificially according to the signal variation when adopting STFT, and is suitable for extracting signal measured by AFDISAR.