Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oogenesis in the bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus L.: a histological and histochemical study.

Histology and histochemistry are useful tools to study reproductive mechanisms in fish and they have been applied in this study. In the bluefin tuna, Thunnus thymus L. , oocyte development can be divided into 4 principal phases based on the morphological features of developing oocytes and follicles. The primary growth phase includes oogonia and basophilic or previtellogenic oocytes classified as chromatin-nucleolus and perinucleolus stages. The secondary growth phase is represented by vitellogenic oocytes at early (lipid globule and yolk granule 1), mid (yolk granule 2) and late (yolk granule 3) vitellogenesis stages. The maturation phase involves postvitellogenic oocytes undergoing maturation process. During the spawning period, both postovulatory follicles, which indicate spawning, and atretic follicles can be distinguished in the ovary. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and specially those rich in tyrosine, tryptophan, cystine, arginine, lysine and cysteine, as well phospholipids and/or glycolipids and neutral glycoproteins were detected in yolk granules. Moreover, affinity for different lectins (ConA, WGA, DBA and UEA) was detected in vitellogenic oocytes (yolk granules, cortical alveoli, follicular layer and zona radiata), indicating the presence of glycoconjugates with different sugar residues (Mannose- Man- and/or Glucose -Glc-; N-acetyl-D-glucosamine- GlcNAc- and/or sialic acid- NANA-; N-acetyl-D-galactosamine- GalNAc-; L-Fucose -Fuc-). Histochemical techniques also demonstrated the presence of neutral lipids in globules (vacuoles in paraffin sections) and neutral and carboxylated mucosubstances in cortical alveoli. By using anti-vitellogenin (VTG) serum, immunohistochemical positive results were demonstrated in yolk granules, granular cytoplasm and follicular cells of vitellogenic oocytes. Calcium was also detected in yolk granules and weakly in follicular envelope. In females, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) increased progressively from May, during early vitellogenesis, until June during mid and late vitellogenesis, where the highest values were reached. Subsequently, throughout the maturation-spawning phases (July), GSI decreased progressively reaching the minimal values during recovering-resting period (October).
A Relation Extraction Approach for Clinical Decision Support

In this paper, we investigate how semantic relations between concepts extracted from medical documents can be employed to improve the retrieval of medical literature. Semantic relations explicitly represent relatedness between concepts and carry high informative power that can be leveraged to improve the effectiveness of retrieval functionalities of clinical decision support systems. We present preliminary results and show how relations are able to provide a sizable increase of the precision for several topics, albeit having no impact on others. We then discuss some future directions to minimize the impact of negative results while maximizing the impact of good results.
The Role of Reflection in Sport Expertise

Reflection is considered a key factor in expert learning and refers to the extent to which individuals are able to appraise what they have learned and to integrate these experiences into future actions, thereby maximizing performance improvements. We assessed the relation between self-reported reflection at baseline and attainment (i.e., international vs. national level) 2.5 years later in 52 elite youth athletes. A Mann-Whitney U test showed that those who became senior internationals scored highest on reflection during their junior years compared with those who only attained senior national status. More specifically, athletes who made the transition from junior national to senior international level had higher reflection scores than their peers who did not reach international status and had similar scores to those who were internationals as juniors. These results emphasize the value of reflection in elite youth athletes to attaining senior international status later in development.
SoC Memory Test Optimization using NXP MTR Solutions

Despite the current Moore's Law deceleration, the memory content of SoCs experienced a huge increase in the last decade, growing from 20% to more than 60% of the chip area on the average. Consequently, efficient testing of embedded memories is becoming exceedingly important. Memory Built in Self-Test (MBIST) modules are frequently embedded into SoCs to speed-up memory test to minimize the test cost. On the other hand, the addition of MBIST logic can increase the SoC die size and consequently its manufacture cost, especially if all memories are tested concurrently. Sequential MBIST modules (which test one memory at a time) can have smaller area but testing memories sequentially can result in an increase in test time. This paper proposes a methodology to balance memory test time vs. area overhead thus ensuring optimal memory test cost. It also presents some real-world case studies in which the application of such optimization methodology resulted in a meaningful reduction in the cumulative memory test cost of some recent NXP SoCs.
Poetic architectural intentions: A brief assessment of the role of eco-phenomenology in urban design

This viewpoint provides a brief, critical reflection on the legacy of phenomenology, as a conceptual framework adopted by contemporary eco-phenomenologists calling for ‘originative’ re-conceptualization of urban design and practice. Eco-phenomenologists have argued that that the diminished balance between the physical and the metaphysical (specifically ontological) in environmental planning and policies is responsible for the uncertain future of sustainable development. Eco-phenomenology is concerned with interpretive assessments of human experience vis-à-vis the environment, a position inspired largely by Heidegger’s essay ‘Bauen Wohnen Denken (Building Dwelling Thinking), published in English in1971 in a book titled Poetry, Language, and Thought (Heidegger, 1971). Phenomenology’s focus on consciousness, experience and intentionality has inspired a number of influential architects, urban designers and planners concerned with ‘intentions in architecture’ and ‘intentional communities’. Notwithstanding phenomenology’s significant contribution to the growth in interest in mindfulness and ontological issues, this short article argues that building sustainable communities through urban design requires complex environmental, economic and social imperatives, which mere ‘transcendental intersubjectivity’ and mindfulness among community members and planners cannot bring alone about. There is no single definition of phenomenology, and the concept has evolved to encompass a relatively wide range of opinions and interpretations. The concern with ‘phenomena’ is a common feature of all phenomenological schools of thought, in which the conscious experience of the ‘first person’ is considered the only genuine vehicle for
Phosphorylation of Yeast Pah1 Phosphatidate Phosphatase by Casein Kinase II Regulates Its Function in Lipid Metabolism*

Pah1 phosphatidate phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae catalyzes the penultimate step in the synthesis of triacylglycerol (i.e. the production of diacylglycerol by dephosphorylation of phosphatidate). The enzyme playing a major role in lipid metabolism is subject to phosphorylation (e.g. by Pho85-Pho80, Cdc28-cyclin B, and protein kinases A and C) and dephosphorylation (e.g. by Nem1-Spo7) that regulate its cellular location, catalytic activity, and stability/degradation. In this work, we show that Pah1 is a substrate for casein kinase II (CKII); its phosphorylation was time- and dose-dependent and was dependent on the concentrations of Pah1 (Km = 0.23 μm) and ATP (Km = 5.5 μm). By mass spectrometry, truncation analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, phosphopeptide mapping, and phosphoamino acid analysis, we identified that >90% of its phosphorylation occurs on Thr-170, Ser-250, Ser-313, Ser-705, Ser-814, and Ser-818. The CKII-phosphorylated Pah1 was a substrate for the Nem1-Spo7 protein phosphatase and was degraded by the 20S proteasome. The prephosphorylation of Pah1 by protein kinase A or protein kinase C reduced its subsequent phosphorylation by CKII. The prephosphorylation of Pah1 by CKII reduced its subsequent phosphorylation by protein kinase A but not by protein kinase C. The expression of Pah1 with combined mutations of S705D and 7A, which mimic its phosphorylation by CKII and lack of phosphorylation by Pho85-Pho80, caused an increase in triacylglycerol content and lipid droplet number in cells expressing the Nem1-Spo7 phosphatase complex.
Factors associated with postpartum physical and mental morbidity among women with known HIV status in Lusaka, Zambia

Abstract The objective of our study was to investigate factors associated with postpartum physical and mental morbidity among women in Lusaka, Zambia with particular reference to known HIV status. Our study was part of the Breastfeeding and Postpartum Health (BFPH) longitudinal cohort study conducted between June 2001 and July 2003. Women were recruited at 34 weeks gestation and followed up to 16 weeks postpartum. Data on maternal health were collected at 3, 7, 10, and 14 days and at 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, and 16 weeks postpartum. Maternal mental health data were collected from April 2002 onwards at recruitment and at seven days and six weeks postpartum. Data on physical morbidity were collected for 429 women (218 HIV-negative, 211 HIV-positive) and data on mental morbidity were collected for 272 women (134 HIV-negative, 138 HIV-positive). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with postpartum physical or mental morbidity. Postpartum physical morbidity was associated with HIV status, parity ≥5 and age < 20 years. Neither antenatal nor postpartum mental morbidity, as indicated by a self-reporting questionnaire 20-item (SRQ-20) score ≥7, were associated with HIV status or with postpartum physical morbidity in this population. Larger comparative studies are required to corroborate or contest these findings.
Lumpy Capacity Investment and Disinvestment Dynamics

Capacity addition and withdrawal decisions are among the most important strategic decisions made by firms in oligopolistic industries. In this paper, we develop and analyze a fully dynamic model of an oligopolistic industry with lumpy capacity and lumpy investment/disinvestment. We use our model to answer two questions. First, what economic factors facilitate preemption races? Second, what economic factors facilitate capacity coordination? We show that low product differentiation, low investment sunkness, and high depreciation promote preemption races. We also show that low product differentiation and low investment sunkness promote capacity coordination. Although depreciation removes capacity, it may impede capacity coordination. Finally, we show that, at least over some range of parameter values, firms' expectation plays a key role in determining whether or not industry dynamics are characterized by preemption races and capacity coordination. Taken together, our results suggest that preemption races and excess capacity in the short run often go hand-in-hand with capacity coordination in the long run.
National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine practice guidelines: Clinical utilization of cardiac biomarker testing in heart failure.

### A. Context of Biochemical Marker Testing in Heart Failure Biochemical marker testing has revolutionized the approach to diagnosis and management of heart failure over the past decade. There is an unsurpassed excitement in the heart failure community that significant advances in our understanding of currently available and future cardiac biomarkers will facilitate improved characterization of heart failure disease states and promote individualized therapy in heart failure and beyond. However, like most novel diagnostic tests, the promising findings from pivotal trials have met with ongoing challenges when applied in the clinical setting. The material discussed in this guidelines document addresses clinical use of BNP/NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin testing in the context of heart failure diagnosis, risk stratification and management, including therapeutic guidance in adult (>18 year-old) patients. Together with the associated document titled “ National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry and IFCC Committee for Standardization of Markers of Cardiac Damage Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Analytical Issues for Biomarkers of Heart Failure ”, …
Shaping the Urban Renaissance: New-build Luxury Developments in Berlin

Inner-city living is a hot topic in Germany. Policy-makers long for new middle- and upper-class residents; evidence of urban in-flight has been documented by scholars, and debates on reurbanisation are in full swing. This trend has also led to the emergence of a new housing product in German metropolises: high-priced, centrally located and newly built apartment and townhouse developments. In this paper, these luxury developments are analysed as part of a general process of urban restructuring and a focus is on the contradictions inherent to the idea of urbanity taking shape here. Guided by Foucault’s governmentality approach, new luxury developments are understood as a powerful reworking of how the city, its uses and users are imagined and governed. In doing so, the paper aims to show that the concept of governmentality enables a critique of current processes of urban restructuring that may enrich the on-going debates on gentrification.
Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effect on quality of life among a group of female university students

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and determine its effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among a group of female university students. This cross-sectional study was conducted between 15 March and 15 April 2009 at Dumlupinar University, Kutahya, Health High School, Western Turkey. The study group included 623 female students. The severity of dysmenorrhea was determined with a 10-point visual analog scale. The Short Form-36 (SF-36) form was used to determinate HRQoL. Chi-square test, Student's t test, and logistic regression and variance analyses (ANOVA) were used for statistical analyses. The average age of the study group was 20.8 ± 1.8 years (range 17–30). Prevalence of dysmenorrhea was found to be 72.7% and was significantly higher in coffee consumers, females with menstrual bleeding duration ≥7 days, and those who had a positive family history of dysmenorrhea when compared to the others (P < 0.05, for each one). By multivariate analysis, coffee consumption (OR 2.084), menstrual bleeding duration ≥7 days (OR 1.590), and positive family history of dysmenorrhea (OR 3.043) were important risk factors for dysmenorrhea. Except for social functioning, role–emotional, and mental health domains, the SF-36 points received from the other domains were higher in females with dysmenorrhea (for each one P < 0.05). With the exception of the scores received from physical functioning and role–emotional domains, the scores received from the other domains of the SF-36 scale showed a decrease with increasing severity of dysmenorrhea (P < 0.05, for each one). Dysmenorrhea is a common health problem, having negative effects on the HRQoL among university female students.
Video Modeling for Individuals with Autism: A Review of Model Types and Effects

Efficacy research on video modeling as an instructional approach for individuals with autism has been found to be a promising area for teachers and researchers. Over the last three decades the literature has shown successful use of video modeling for teaching a variety of social, academic, and functional skills. The purpose of this literature review is to describe one specific aspect of video modeling, namely, to examine video modeling studies from the perspective of the impact of the model. To this end studies have been categorized as models using adults, peers, self, point-of-view, and mixed model approaches. Descriptive summaries and analyses of outcomes are provided for each study.
Instrumental Learning in Animals: Parameters of Reinforcement

The first 10 volumes in this series have general chapters on learning, the most recent of which, by Kendler, was published in 1959. Since then, there has been no comprehensive review of the literature on animal learning, al­ though parts of it have been touched upon under a variety of more special­ ized headings. Our purpose in this chapter is to summarize the work of the intervening years on the role of reinforcement in the instrumental learning of animals. Research on the process of classical conditioning is treated only insofar as it bears on the interpretation of the instrumental data, while re­ search on larger problems of generalization, discrimination, and attention is reserved for subsequent consideration. Even so, the scope of the literature reviewed makes exhaustive citation impractical, and we must rely on repre­ sentative studies to illustrate the principal findings. An experiment on instrumental learning is one in which the occurrence of some event ( reinforcement) is contingent upon the occurrence of some specified response (the instrumental response), and the effect of the contin­ gency upon the occurrence of the response is measured. It is useful to dis­ tinguish two main categories of instrumental training: in the Thorndikian case, the instrumental response increases the probability of reinforcement; in the avoidance case, the instrumental response decreases the probability of
Hilbert modular forms and the Gross-Stark conjecture

Let F be a totally real eld and an abelian totally odd character of F . In 1988, Gross stated a p-adic analogue of Stark’s conjecture that relates the value of the derivative of the p-adic L-function associated to and the p-adic logarithm of a p-unit in the extension of F cut out by . In this paper we prove Gross’s conjecture when F is a real quadratic eld and is a narrow ring class character. The main result also applies to general totally real elds for which Leopoldt’s conjecture holds, assuming that either there are at least two primes above p in F , or that a certain condition relating the L -invariants of and 1 holds. This condition on L -invariants is always satised when is quadratic.
Whole Genome Sequences of Three Treponema pallidum ssp. pertenue Strains: Yaws and Syphilis Treponemes Differ in Less than 0.2% of the Genome Sequence

Background The yaws treponemes, Treponema pallidum ssp. pertenue (TPE) strains, are closely related to syphilis causing strains of Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum (TPA). Both yaws and syphilis are distinguished on the basis of epidemiological characteristics, clinical symptoms, and several genetic signatures of the corresponding causative agents. Methodology/Principal Findings To precisely define genetic differences between TPA and TPE, high-quality whole genome sequences of three TPE strains (Samoa D, CDC-2, Gauthier) were determined using next-generation sequencing techniques. TPE genome sequences were compared to four genomes of TPA strains (Nichols, DAL-1, SS14, Chicago). The genome structure was identical in all three TPE strains with similar length ranging between 1,139,330 bp and 1,139,744 bp. No major genome rearrangements were found when compared to the four TPA genomes. The whole genome nucleotide divergence (dA) between TPA and TPE subspecies was 4.7 and 4.8 times higher than the observed nucleotide diversity (π) among TPA and TPE strains, respectively, corresponding to 99.8% identity between TPA and TPE genomes. A set of 97 (9.9%) TPE genes encoded proteins containing two or more amino acid replacements or other major sequence changes. The TPE divergent genes were mostly from the group encoding potential virulence factors and genes encoding proteins with unknown function. Conclusions/Significance Hypothetical genes, with genetic differences, consistently found between TPE and TPA strains are candidates for syphilitic treponemes virulence factors. Seventeen TPE genes were predicted under positive selection, and eleven of them coded either for predicted exported proteins or membrane proteins suggesting their possible association with the cell surface. Sequence changes between TPE and TPA strains and changes specific to individual strains represent suitable targets for subspecies- and strain-specific molecular diagnostics.
Implementation of draft IEC Generic Model of Type 1 Wind Turbine Generator in PowerFactory and Simulink

This paper presents the implementation work of IEC generic model of Type 1 wind turbine generator (WTG) in two commercial simulation tools: DIgSILENT PowerFactory (PF) and Matlab Simulink. The model topology, details of the composite blocks and implementation procedure in PF and Simulink environments are described. Case studies under both normal and fault conditions have been conducted with the implemented IEC Type 1 WTG model. The dynamic responses are captured and analyzed. The simulation results of both models are compared and analyzed. It is verified that the IEC generic model can correctly represent the performance of Type 1 WTG for power system stability studies. KeywordsIEC, Type 1 WTG, generic model, PF, Simulink.
Generation of Helicobacter pylori Ghosts by PhiX Protein E-Mediated Inactivation and Their Evaluation as Vaccine Candidates

ABSTRACT Bacterial ghosts are empty cell envelopes, which may be generated by the controlled expression of the PhiX174 lysis gene E in gram-negative bacteria to obtain vaccine candidates. We describe here the application of this technology to Helicobacter pylori. The lysis gene cassette was cloned into an Escherichia coli-Helicobacter pylori shuttle vector and introduced into an H. pylori recipient strain by bacterial conjugation. Temperature induction of the lysis gene cassette revealed a quantitative killing of the H. pylori culture without induction of lysis-resistant bacteria. Biochemical and transmission electron microscopic studies identified structurally intact H. pylori. Prophylactic oral vaccination experiments using these H. pylori ghosts in the BALB/c mouse model showed a significant reduction of the bacterial load in the ghost group, as measured by a quantitative bacterial reisolation procedure. Ten of 10 and 5 of 10 mice were protected, respectively, without the use of a mucosal adjuvant. Coadministration of ghosts with cholera toxin as mucosal adjuvant resulted in a complete protection of 10 of 10 and 8 of 8 mice against H. pylori challenge, with three animals showing a sterile immunity.
Underdetermined Sparse Blind Source Separation with Delays

In this paper, we address the problem of under-determined blind source separation (BSS), mainly for speech signals, in an anechoic environment. Our approach is based on exploiting the sparsity of Gabor expansions of speech signals. For parameter estimation, we adopt the clustering approach of DUET [19]. However, unlike in the case of DUET where only two mixtures are used, we use all available mixtures to get more precise estimates. For source extraction, we propose two methods, both of which are based on constrained optimization. Our first method uses a constrained ℓ q (0 < q ≤ 1) approach, and our second method uses a constrained " modified " ℓ 1 minimization approach. In both cases, our algorithms use all available mixtures, and are suited to the anechoic mixing scenario. Experiments indicate that the performances of the proposed algorithms are superior compared to DUET in many different settings.