Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implicit Fitting Using Radial Basis Functions with Ellipsoid Constraint

Implicit planar curve and surface fitting to a set of scattered points plays an important role in solving a wide variety of problems occurring in computer graphics modelling, computer graphics animation, and computer assisted surgery. The fitted implicit surfaces can be either algebraic or non‐algebraic. The main problem with most algebraic surface fitting algorithms is that the surface fitted to a given data set is often unbounded, multiple sheeted, and disconnected when a high degree polynomial is used, whereas a low degree polynomial is too simple to represent general shapes. Recently, there has been increasing interest in non‐algebraic implicit surface fitting. In these techniques, one popular way of representing an implicit surface has been the use of radial basis functions. This type of implicit surface can represent various shapes to a high level of accuracy. In this paper, we present an implicit surface fitting algorithm using radial basis functions with an ellipsoid constraint. This method does not need to build interior and exterior layers for the given data set or to use information on surface normal but still can fit the data accurately. Furthermore, the fitted shape can still capture the main features of the object when the data sets are extremely sparse. The algorithm involves solving a simple general eigen‐system and a computation of the inverse or psedo‐inverse of a matrix, which is straightforward to implement.
Efficient adaptive intra-field deinterlacing algorithm using bilateral filter

In this paper, we introduce an efficient adaptive intra-field deinterlacing framework using bilateral filter with consideration of pixel similarity between the interpolated pixel and the neighbor pixels. In the proposed framework, the low resolution image is first preprocessed using the simplest intra-field deinterlacing method, line average, due to its high efficiency and good performance, and then is decomposed using the fast bilateral filter into the detail and smooth layer which represent the small and large scale features, respectively. We process smooth layer and detail layer separately. For detail layer, instead of estimating the edge orientations with some candidate directions as previous intra-field deinterlacing methods, such as edge-based line average, efficient edge-based line average etc., we propose an adaptive but efficient deinterlacing method with consideration of pixel similarity, which avoids considering directional difference measures using limited candidate directions, resulting high efficiency. Compared with existing deinterlacing algorithms, the proposed algorithm improves peak signal-to-noise-ratio while maintaining high efficiency.
Similar Odor Discrimination Behavior in Head-Restrained and Freely Moving Mice

A major challenge in neuroscience is relating neuronal activity to animal behavior. In olfaction limited techniques are available for these correlation studies in freely moving animals. To solve this problem, we developed an olfactory behavioral assay in head-restrained mice where we can monitor behavioral responses with high temporal precision. Mice were trained on a go/no-go operant conditioning paradigm to discriminate simple monomolecular odorants, as well as complex odorants such as binary mixtures of monomolecular odorants or natural odorants. Mice learned to discriminate both simple and complex odors in a few hundred trials with high accuracy. We then compared the discrimination performance of head-restrained mice to the performance observed in freely moving mice. Discrimination accuracies were comparable in both behavioral paradigms. In addition, discrimination times were measured while the animals performed well. In both tasks, mice discriminated simple odors in a few hundred milliseconds and took additional time to discriminate the complex mixtures. In conclusion, mice showed similar and efficient discrimination behavior while head-restrained compared with freely moving mice. Therefore, the head-restrained paradigm offers a relevant approach to monitor neuronal activity while animals are actively engaged in olfactory discrimination behaviors.
Linear Recognition of Almost Interval Graphs

Let $\mbox{interval} + k v$, $\mbox{interval} + k e$, and $\mbox{interval} - k e$ denote the classes of graphs that can be obtained from some interval graph by adding $k$ vertices, adding $k$ edges, and deleting $k$ edges, respectively. When $k$ is small, these graph classes are called almost interval graphs. They are well motivated from computational biology, where the data ought to be represented by an interval graph while we can only expect an almost interval graph for the best. For any fixed $k$, we give linear-time algorithms for recognizing all these classes, and in the case of membership, our algorithms provide also a specific interval graph as evidence. When $k$ is part of the input, these problems are also known as graph modification problems, all NP-complete. Our results imply that they are fixed-parameter tractable parameterized by $k$, thereby resolving the long-standing open problem on the parameterized complexity of recognizing $\mbox{interval}+ k e$, first asked by Bodlaender et al. [Bioinformatics, 11:49--57, 1995]. Moreover, our algorithms for recognizing $\mbox{interval}+ k v$ and $\mbox{interval}- k e$ run in times $O(6^k \cdot (n + m))$ and $O(8^k \cdot (n + m))$, (where $n$ and $m$ stand for the numbers of vertices and edges respectively in the input graph,) significantly improving the $O(k^{2k}\cdot n^3m)$-time algorithm of Heggernes et al. [STOC 2007] and the $O(10^k \cdot n^9)$-time algorithm of Cao and Marx [SODA 2014] respectively.
Open Research Areas in Cognitive Radios

Cognitive radio is a popular research topic that has attracted considerable interest in the recent past. This paper aims at carrying out a literature review on the subject thus giving an overview of the concept with special emphasis on more popular research areas. The prime consideration for the selection of the papers has been their citations in the subsequent research work. The review has been followed with a summary of identified potential research areas that can assist future researchers.
Inertial Properties in Robotic Manipulation: An Object-Level Framework

Consideration of dynamics is critical in the analysis, design, and control of robot systems. This article presents an extensive study of the dynamic properties of several important classes of robotic structures and proposes a number of general dynamic strategies for their coordination and control. This work is a synthesis of both previous and new results developed within the task-oriented operational space formulation. Here we in troduce a unifying framework for the analysis and control of robotic systems, beginning with an analysis of inertial prop erties based on two models that independently describe the mass and inertial characteristics associated with linear and angular motions. To visualize these properties, we propose a new geometric representation, termed the belted ellipsoid, that displays the magnitudes of the mass/inertial properties directly rather than their square roots. Our study of serial macro/mini structures is based on two models of redundant mechanisms. The first is a description of the task-level dy namics that results from projecting the system dynamics into operational space. The second is a unique dynamically con sistent relationship between end-effector forces and joint torques. It divides control torques at the joint level into two dynamically decoupled vectors: torques that correspond to forces at the end effector, and torques that affect only internal motions. The analysis of inertial properties of macro-/mini- manipulator systems reveals another important characteristic: that of reduced effective inertia. We show that the effective mass/inertia of a macro-/mini-manipulator is bounded above by the mass/inertia of the mini-manipulator alone. Because mini structures have a limited range of motion, we also pro pose a dextrous dynamic coordination strategy to allow full use of the high mechanical bandwidth of the mini-structures in extended-motion operations. Finally, a study of the dy namics of parallel, multiarm structures reveals an important additive property. The effective mass and inertia of a multi arm system at some operational point are shown to be given by the sum of the effective masses and inertias associated with the object and each arm. Using this property, the mul tiarm system can be treated as a single augmented object and controlled by the total operational forces applied by the arms. Both the augmented object construct and the dynam ically consistent force/torque relationship are extended for the analysis and control of multiarm systems involving redun dancy.
Sequential decision making with untrustworthy service providers

In this paper, we deal with the sequential decision making problem of agents operating in computational economies, where there is uncertainty regarding the trustworthiness of service providers populating the environment. Specifically, we propose a generic Bayesian trust model, and formulate the optimal Bayesian solution to the exploration-exploitation problem facing the agents when repeatedly interacting with others in such environments. We then present a computationally tractable Bayesian reinforcement learning algorithm to approximate that solution by taking into account the expected value of perfect information of an agent's actions. Our algorithm is shown to dramatically outperform all previous finalists of the international Agent Reputation and Trust (ART) competition, including the winner from both years the competition has been run.
High performing cache hierarchies for server workloads: Relaxing inclusion to capture the latency benefits of exclusive caches

Increasing transistor density enables adding more on-die cache real-estate However, devoting more space to the shared last-level-cache (LLC) causes the memory latency bottleneck to move from memory access latency to shared cache access latency. As such, applications whose working set is larger than the smaller caches spend a large fraction of their execution time on shared cache access latency. To address this problem, this paper investigates increasing the size of smaller private caches in the hierarchy as opposed to increasing the shared LLC. Doing so improves average cache access latency for workloads whose working set fits into the larger private cache while retaining the benefits of a shared LLC. The consequence of increasing the size of private caches is to relax inclusion and build exclusive hierarchies. Thus, for the same total caching capacity, an exclusive cache hierarchy provides better cache access latency. We observe that server workloads benefit tremendously from an exclusive hierarchy with large private caches. This is primarily because large private caches accommodate the large code working-sets of server workloads. For a 16-core CMP, an exclusive cache hierarchy improves server workload performance by 5-12% as compared to an equal capacity inclusive cache hierarchy. The paper also presents directions for further research to maximize performance of exclusive cache hierarchies.
Evidence for Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Tyrosine Kinase, and G-Protein Regulation of the Parallel Fiber Metabotropic Slow EPSC of Rat Cerebellar Purkinje Neurons

The slow EPSP (sEPSP) or slow EPSC (sEPSC) at parallel fiber to Purkinje neuron synapses is attributable to a nonselective cation channel coupled to activation of metabotropic type 1 glutamate receptors (mGluR1s). Photorelease of l-glutamate in 1 msec from 4-methoxy-7-nitroindolinyl-or 7-nitroindolinyl-caged glutamate in cerebellar slices was used to isolate and study postsynaptic mechanisms coupling mGluR1 to the cation channel. l-Glutamate immediately activated a glutamate transporter current, followed by the slow mGluR1-activated conductance. Inhibitors of kinases, phosphatases, and G-proteins were tested on the peak glutamate-evoked currents. No effects of the inhibitors were seen on the initial glutamate transporter currents. In contrast, the later mGluR1 currents were either unaffected or enhanced by the protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors PP1, K252a, and staurosporine were diminished or blocked by phosphatase inhibitors but were unaffected by inhibitors of serine–threonine kinases PKA, PKC, or PKG. The selective src-PTK inhibitor PP1 (10 μm intracellularly) potentiated submaximal mGluR1 currents evoked by low l-glutamate concentrations but had no effect on maximal responses (80 or 160 μm l-glutamate). l-Glutamate-evoked mGluR1 currents and parallel fiber sEPSCs were reversibly and completely inhibited by protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitor bpV(phen) (50–200 μm) and by nonselective phosphatase inhibitor orthovanadate (0.5 or 1 mm). mGluR1 currents were completely inhibited by GDPβS applied intracellularly (5 mm). The results confirm a role for a GTPase postsynaptically, show that tyrosine phosphorylation inhibits mGluR1 coupling to the channel, and show that PTPs increase activation by tyrosine dephosphorylation most likely upstream of the sEPSP cation channel.
Hands-on defibrillation and electrocardiogram artefact filtering technology increases chest compression fraction and decreases peri-shock pause duration in a simulation model of cardiac arrest.

BACKGROUND Reducing pauses during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) compressions result in better outcomes in cardiac arrest. Artefact filtering technology (AFT) gives rescuers the opportunity to visualize the underlying electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm during chest compressions, and reduces the pauses that occur before and after delivering a shock. We conducted a simulation study to measure the reduction of peri-shock pause and impact on chest compression fraction (CCF) through AFT. METHODS In a simulator setting, participants were given a standardized cardiac arrest scenario and were randomly assigned to perform CPR/defibrillation using the protocol from one of three experimental arms: 1) Standard of Care (pauses for rhythm analysis and shock delivery); 2) AFT (no pauses for rhythm analysis, but a pause for defibrillation); or 3) AFT with hands-on defibrillation (no pauses for rhythm analysis or defibrillation). The primary outcomes were CCF and peri-shock pause duration, with secondary outcomes of pre- and post-shock pause duration. RESULTS AFT with hands-on defibrillation was found to have the highest CCF (86.4%), as compared to AFT alone (83.8%, p<0.001), and both groups significantly improved CCF in comparison with the Standard of Care (76.7%, p<0.001). AFT with hands-on defibrillation was associated with a reduced peri-shock pause (2.6 seconds) as compared to AFT alone (5.3 seconds, p<0.001), and the Standard of Care (7.4 seconds, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In this cardiac arrest model, AFT results in a greater CCF by reducing peri-shock pause duration. There is also a small but detectable improvement in CCF with the addition of hands-on defibrillation.
METHODOLOGY FOR MAPPING INFORMATION NEEDS OF RESEARCH SCIENTISTS IN THE FIELD OF POWDER METALLURGY

Information needs of R&. D personnel in a well-focused research speciality can be objectively gauged by analysing literature cited in research anicles published in leading journals. An illustrative exercise for the speciality 'Powder Metall~' shows that non-journal and journal sources are evenly cited The most significant among the former are: monographs, serials, conference proceedings, books and patents: There is a concentration effect among the journal sources. Non-journal sources show a substantially lower hall life. Besides mapping the information needs of research professionals, the proposed methodology can be employed for a comparative study of information sources relevant 10 different areas.
Information retrieval in Telugu language using Synset relationships

Information Technology brought many applications of Information Retrieval as simple as possible through Web and other Digital Information Access Environment. There is a demand in building Applications of IR in Local languages, which allows common people with minimal knowledge in at least one language to avail the information services. Word mismatch is a common problem in IR System Applications. The research is started to overcome this problem in 4 decades back and still the problem is unsolved. The methods were moving from word replacement to knowledge replacement to solve word mismatch and concept mismatches. This paper mainly explored towards solving word mismatch problem in India language context particularly Telugu language. IR in Telugu Language is in inception phase and need huge research to solve many issues in information processing and retrieval. Cross Lingual IR is quite comfortable stage with parallel rule conversion techniques, where as it is difficult to process Telugu alone and build Information Retrieval System. Telugu is morphologically rich with high conflational rate. In this paper we build IR in Telugu Language and extended to solve vocabulary mismatch problem using Synset relationships. When compared to base Retrieval system, expanded search yield offered results. This paper identified many issues related to topical search and given direction to solve with base proof with implementation results. We found improvement in Recall and precision with Expanded Search with Non-Expanded Retrieval.
Jenaer Schriften zur Wirtschaftswissenschaft A classification of assembly line balancing problems

Assembly lines are special flow-line production systems which are of great importance in the industrial production of high quantity standardized commodities. Recently, assembly lines even gained importance in low volume production of customized products (mass-customization). Due to high capital requirements when installing or redesigning a line, its configuration planning is of great relevance for practitioners. Accordingly, this attracted attention of plenty researchers, who tried to support real-world configuration planning by suited optimization models (assembly line balancing problems). In spite of the enormous academic effort in assembly line balancing, there remains a considerable gap between requirements of real configuration problems and the status of research. To ease communication between researchers and practitioners, we provide a classification scheme of assembly line balancing. This is a valuable step in identifying remaining research challenges which might contribute to closing the gap.
Therapeutic Potential of TRPM 8 Modulators

The perception of temperature is a key tenet of sensory physiology and is critical in not only acute responses to changes in our environment, but also fundamental in regulating homeostatic mechanisms like core body temperature [1]. The somatosensory system is able to detect subtle changes in ambient temperature due to the coordinated efforts of thermosensory neurons which express temperature-sensitive members of the TRP channel family [2]. Remarkably, the range of temperatures that these channels respond to covers the entire perceived temperature spectrum, from warm to painfully hot, from pleasingly cool to excruciatingly cold. Moreover, many of these channels are receptors for ligands that elicit distinct psychophysical sensations, such as the heat associated with capsaicin and the cold felt with menthol [2]. The latter of these was influential in the discovery of the first TRP channel shown to be responsive to temperatures in the cold range (<30°C), TRPM8, a member of the melastatin TRP channel subfamily [3, 4]. In vitro, the channel is a receptor for a number of compounds which evoke the psychophysical sensation of cold (such as menthol and icilin), and is activated by temperatures that range from innocuous cool (26-15°C) to noxious cold (<15°C). Recent genetic evidence shows that TRPM8 is the predominant mammalian cold sensor and is involved in most, if not all, aspects of cold thermal transduction [5-8]. These studies demonstrated that TRPM8 mediates transduction of innocuous cool and noxious cold, hypersensitivity to cold caused by inflammation or nerve injury, and provides the analgesic effect produced by cold or chemical cooling compounds. This review highlights these findings and suggests some potential uses of both TRPM8 antagonists and agonists in the treatment of pain.
Analysis and avoidance of cross-talk in on-chip buses

We present techniques to analyze and alleviate cross-talk in on-chip buses. With rapidly shrinking process feature sizes, wire delay is becoming a large fraction of the overall delay of a circuit. Additionally, the increasing cross-coupling capacitances between wires on the same metal layer create a situation where the delay of a wire is strongly dependent on the electrical state of its neighboring wires. The delay of a wire can vary widely depending on whether its neighbors perform a like or unlike transition. This effect is acute for long on-chip buses. In this work, we classify cross-talk interactions between the wires of an on-chip bus. We present encoding techniques which can help a designer trade off cross-talk against area overhead. Our experimental results show that the proposed techniques result in reduced delay variation due to cross-talk. As a result, the overall delay of a bus actually decreases even after the use of the encoding scheme.
Theory of Wave Propagation in Nervous System An Example of Dissipative Structure in an Open System

Propagation of an action potential in a nervous cell is studied theoretically on the basis of the notion that the excitation of nerve membrane is a transition between two non-equilibrium steady states. Basic phenomenological equations are derived for the excitation process taking consideration· of the long-range dissipative interaction caused by the electric eddy current. Numerical calculations of these equations show the occurrence of a solitary wave of an action potential under appropriate initial and boundary conditions, where both the nonlinear effect of the eddy current and the non-markoffian effect of accumulation of ions at the membrane surface are shown' to play a role in the appearance of a nervous soliton. Characteristics of the nervous soliton are studied numerically by the use of a simplified basic equation, and compared with the other types of solitary waves, e.g., the KdV soliton in a shallow water wave and the Toda soliton in a lattice vibration.
The Analysis of the Relationship between the Temporal Variation of Technology Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China's Telecommunication Industry

In this paper, framework of variations in technology efficiency is proposed based on random forefront of the production function. And then this paper measures the contribution of different factors of Chinapsilas telecommunication industry temporal variation of technology efficiency from 1992 to 2005. The results show that: (1) The total factor productivity, capital - - technology efficiency ratio, labor - - technology efficiency ratio and technology level's variation have great impacts to the technology efficiency variation. (2) The coupling among the factorspsila contributions is relevant highly to the technology efficiency. Based on these measurements, this paper takes the Coordinating Model for further analysis.
60 GHz circuits in SiGe HBT technology

This paper addresses systems, technology and circuit aspects for the design of high-data-rate low-cost transceivers in the 60 GHz unlicensed band. For realizing such a transceiver, two different modulation schemes are under consideration, ASK and OFDM. For demonstration of a 60 GHz analog frontend, an appropriate SiGe:C BiCMOS technology is proposed. Several circuit building blocks for 60 GHz analog frontends are described in the paper.