Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Working Paper No . 3 Exploring the Foundations of Organizational Knowledge

If knowledge management is to be more than an art, it needs to be based on a sound epistemology and understanding of organizations. We present a paradigm and an ontology of organizational knowledge based on Karl Popper’s 1972 and later works on evolutionary epistemology, Maturana and Varela’s concept of living things as self-producing complex systems (“autopoiesis”), and theories of hierarchically complex systems. This approach to ontology development leads us to conclude that organizations can become living systems and thus have emergent properties of a higher order than the sum of the parts. We develop this theoretical argument by providing examples of how several different types of knowledge created by people within organizations emerge and change through time. We suggest the social processes of creating these different types of knowledge gives rise to meta-levels of organization that act to maintain the existence and coherence of organizations. We think that our ontology improves the basis for understanding the nature of knowledge that is important for proper organizational functioning. We draw out recommendations about the management of transformations between personal and organizational knowledge. We propose this biological understanding of knowledge in organizations because as practitioners, we think it provides a way of interpreting the dynamics of what actually happens in the realm of managing organizational knowledge. Thus, we lay a foundation for better understanding the considerable challenges associated with developing a practical approach to organizational knowledge management as a result.
Gibberellins Are Required for Seed Development and Pollen Tube Growth in Arabidopsis Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.003046.

Gibberellins (GAs) are tetracyclic diterpenoids that are essential endogenous regulators of plant growth and development. GA levels within the plant are regulated by a homeostatic mechanism that includes changes in the expression of a family of GA-inactivating enzymes known as GA 2-oxidases. Ectopic expression of a pea GA 2-oxidase2 cDNA caused seed abortion in Arabidopsis, extending and confirming previous observations obtained with GA-deficient mutants of pea, suggesting that GAs have an essential role in seed development. A new physiological role for GAs in pollen tube growth in vivo also has been identified. The growth of pollen tubes carrying the 35S:2ox2 transgene was reduced relative to that of nontransgenic pollen, and this phenotype could be reversed partially by GA application in vitro or by combining with spy-5, a mutation that increases GA response. Treatment of wild-type pollen tubes with an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis in vitro also suggested that GAs are required for normal pollen tube growth. These results extend the known physiological roles of GAs in Arabidopsis development and suggest that GAs are required for normal pollen tube growth, a physiological role for GAs that has not been established previously.
Hierarchical Dirichlet Process-Based Models For Discovery of Cross-species Mammalian Gene Expression

An important research problem in computational biology is the identification of expression programs, sets of co-activated genes orchestrating physiological processes, and the characterization of the functional breadth of these programs. The use of mammalian expression data compendia for discovery of such programs presents several challenges, including: 1) cellular inhomogeneity within samples, 2) genetic and environmental variation across samples, and 3) uncertainty in the numbers of programs and sample populations. We developed GeneProgram, a new unsupervised computational framework that uses expression data to simultaneously organize genes into overlapping programs and tissues into groups to produce maps of inter-species expression programs, which are sorted by generality scores that exploit the automatically learned groupings. Our method addresses each of the above challenges by using a probabilistic model that: 1) allocates mRNA to different expression programs that may be shared across tissues, 2) is hierarchical, treating each tissue as a sample from a population of related tissues, and 3) uses Dirichlet Processes, a non-parametric Bayesian method that provides prior distributions over numbers of sets while penalizing model complexity. Using real gene expression data, we show that GeneProgram outperforms several popular expression analysis methods in recovering biologically interpretable gene sets. From a large compendium of mouse and human expression data, GeneProgram discovers 19 tissue groups and 100 expression programs active in mammalian tissues. Our method automatically constructs a comprehensive, body-wide map of expression programs and characterizes their functional generality. This map can be used for guiding future biological experiments, such as discovery of genes for new drug targets that exhibit minimal “cross-talk” with unintended organs, or genes that maintain general physiological responses that go awry in disease states. Further, our method is general, and can be applied readily to novel compendia of biological data.
The Weil-Petersson Hessian of Length on Teichmüller Space

We present a brief but nearly self-contained proof of a formula for the Weil-Petersson Hessian of the geodesic length of a closed curve (either simple or not simple) on a hyperbolic surface. The formula is the sum of the integrals of two naturally defined positive functions over the geodesic, proving convexity of this functional over Teichmuller space (due to Wolpert (1987)). We then estimate this Hessian from below in terms of local quantities and distance along the geodesic. The formula extends to proper arcs on punctured hyperbolic surfaces, and the estimate to laminations. Wolpert’s result that the Thurston metric is a multiple of the Weil-Petersson metric directly follows on taking a limit of the formula over an appropriate sequence of curves. We give further applications to upper bounds of the Hessian, especially near pinching loci, recover through a geometric argument Wolpert’s result on the convexity of length to the half-power, and give a lower bound for growth of length in terms of twist.
Implementing gaze control for peripheral devices

The goal of the project "Gaze Controlled Interaction with Peripheral Devices" was to extend the capability of the head based eye tracking system DIKABLIS to detect the gaze allocation to previously defined Areas of Interest (AOI) in real time. This allows initiating various events or commands when a test person is wearing the head unit and the gaze is detected in an AOI. The commands can be used for interaction with different devices. Thus the tool for monitoring and analyzing gaze behavior becomes an interaction medium. With such a gaze control multi-modal interaction concepts could be realized. The projects primary aim was to give people with tetraplegia a mean of controlling devices in their home. The experimental set-up was a TV set that can be controlled by gaze.
Endocannabinoids and Endovanilloids: A Possible Balance in the Regulation of the Testicular GnRH Signalling

Reproductive functions are regulated both at central (brain) and gonadal levels. In this respect, the endocannabinoid system (eCS) has a very influential role. Interestingly, the characterization of eCS has taken many advantages from the usage of animal models different from mammals. Therefore, this review is oriented to summarize the main pieces of evidence regarding eCS coming from the anuran amphibian Rana esculenta, with particular interest to the morphofunctional relationship between eCS and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). Furthermore, a novel role for endovanilloids in the regulation of a testicular GnRH system will be also discussed.
Metrical Service Systems: Deterministic Strategies

In this paper we introduce a new model of on-line problems called metrical service systems. An instance of a metrical service system is speci ed by a metric space M and a set R of requests, where each r 2 R is a subset of M . There is one server that can move in M . At every time step a request r 2 R is speci ed, and the server must move to a point x 2 r to serve the request r. We also have the following on-line restriction: the choice of x must be made before future requests are given. The sequence of points occupied by the server during this process is called a service. The goal is to minimize the service cost, which is the total distance moved by the server. Even for simple metrical service systems computing the optimal service on-line is impossible. Therefore, we concentrate on so-called competitive strategies that compute a service that only approximates an optimal one. More precisely, a strategy is called c-competitive if, for each request sequence, it computes a service whose cost is bounded by c times the optimal service cost of this sequence plus a constant. First, we develop a theory of on-line strategies for metrical service systems. In particular, we show that the existence of an on-line c-competitive strategy is equivalent to the existence of a c-potential function. The concept of the minimum c-potential is particularly useful in lower-bound proofs. We illustrate our method using two examples. We consider the k-point request problem, a metrical service system where each request set has at most k points. We give optimally competitive deterministic strategies for two cases: (1) for arbitrary k and uniform M , and (2) for k = 2 and arbitrary M . These solutions, and especially the lower bound proofs, illustrate the usefulness of the techniques described in the rst part of the paper. 0.
A methodology for the promotion of cultural heritage sites through the use of low-cost technologies and procedures

In the Cultural Heritage field a large variety of sites and artifacts could benefit from their free access and promotion through the web. But despite the possibilities offered by digital technologies [Manferdini and Remondino 2012], the high costs that are generally connected with their use, the lack of standard procedures and the need to train expert operators often limit the widespread digitization of Cultural Heritage sites and artifacts. As a consequence, during the last three decades, researches in the field of image-based technologies, such as, in particular, the Structure from Motion one [Ullman 1979], as well as the development of open-source algorithms and software aimed at helping the processing, management and visualization of 3d data through the web represent remarkable attempts to extend the use of digital technologies and procedures in this field.
Automatic visual analysis of real-world events covered by social media using convolutional neural networks

This paper investigates how well real-world events can be characterized by visual features detected in related images posted on social media, using state-of-the-art computer vision methods for object detection and classification. Over 48k images from four different events have been processed to detect objects of different types using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and cascaded classifiers. Based on these object detections we train different classifiers to rank object types supporting the respective event and to discriminate images of an event from other images. Possible applications include: (1) finding images of a certain event in a semi-automatic way, and (2) classifying the type of an event.
Omnidirectional sensors for mobile robots

This paper presents the different omnidirectional sensors developed at Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems (IAIS) during the past decade. It envelops cheap USB / Firewire webcams to expensive high end cameras, continuously rotation 3D laser scanner, rotating infrared cameras and a new panoramic camera Spherecam. This new spherical camera is presented in detail compared to the other sensors. Beside the camera hardware we also categorize the omni cameras according to their price, connection and operating platform dependences and present the associated camera drivers and possible applications. Consider this paper as hardware descriptions of vision systems. Algorithms for ominidirectional vision systems are not discussed.
"In Favor of Myself for Athletes": A Controlled Trial to Improve Disordered Eating, Body-Image and Self-Care in Adolescent Female Aesthetic Athletes

Objective: An eating disorder can have devastating effects on an athlete’s health and performance, especially in athletes participating in sports in which low body weight or leanness confers a competitive advantage. The current study aimed to develop and examine the impact of a prevention program focused on positive protective factors, to reduce the risk of development of eating disorders and health-compromising behaviors among aesthetic athletes. Methods: Participants were 49 female figure skaters and dancers aged 10-16 years (13.1 ± 1.6) and 46 age-andbranch-matched controls. The intervention program included ten weekly 45 min structured sessions, focusing on promoting self-care habits and positive body esteem. The program was team-based and included multiple interactive methods. Outcomes were measured at baseline, post-intervention, and 3 months follow-up using the Eating Disorders Inventory-2, the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire-8, the Thin-Ideal Internalization and SocioCultural Attitudes towards Appearance Questionnaire-4, the Body Esteem Scale, and the Body Appreciation Scale. Results: Aesthetic athletes in the prevention program "In Favor of Myself for Athletes" demonstrated significant improvements in several outcome measures, many with a large effect size, compared with control athletes. Results revealed significant decreases in drive for thinness (P<0.001; ƞ2=0.170) and eating disorder symptoms (P<0.001; ƞ2=0.243), increased body esteem (P<0.001; ƞ2=0.213), decreased influences on body image by media (P<0.001; ƞ2=0.168), and more. The program had greater impact on athletes aged 10-12 years compared to 13-16-year-olds in terms of thin-ideal internalization (F(2.79, 160.00)= 3.267; p=0.027) and body esteem (F(2.52, 160.00)= 3.095; p=0.038). Conclusion: This study provides an initial indication that "In Favor of Myself for Athletes" may produce an effective impact on promoting a positive body image and self-care in female adolescent athletes.
Password security: Password behavior analysis at a small university

No matter how sophisticated and advanced an organization's security system is, it remains vulnerable due to the human factor. In this paper, we conducted a survey to analyze the patterns used by the faculty, staff, and students when generating passwords at a small sized university. We found that users are not as aware of security requirements and practices as they think. Moreover, the vast majority of users' passwords are breakable within days or shorter. Interestingly, we found that using numbers and uppercase letters is common among users. However, numbers are mostly used at the end of the passwords and uppercase letters are mostly used at the beginning of passwords. The existence of such trends makes it easier for attackers to generate more effective dictionaries. Based on the analysis in this paper, we make recommendations to IT personnel and the general public to harden the security of their passwords.
Scattering theory on SL(3)/SO(3): connections with quantum threebody scattering

In this paper we continue our program of extending the methods of geometric scattering theory to encompass the analysis of the Laplacian on symmetric spaces of rank greater than one and their geometric perturbations. Our goal here is to explain how analysis of the Laplacian on the globally symmetric space SL(3, R)/ SO(3, R) is very closely related to quantum threebody scattering. In particular, we adapt geometric constructions from recent advances in that field by one of us (A.V.), as well as from our previous work [13] concerning resolvents for product spaces, to give a precise description of the resolvent and the spherical functions on this space. Amongst the many technical advantages, these methods give results which are uniform up to the walls of the Weyl chambers.
Explaining firms' heterogeneity in productivity and wages: ownership, innovation and size.

Micro data have provided invaluable contributions to a better understanding of the drivers of, and factors affecting, wages, productivity and productivity growth. The literature in this area has highlighted both ownership and innovative activity as two factors that consistently seem to affect productivity and its dynamics at the micro level and the empirical regularity that larger firms pay higher wages. This thesis provides evidence on these issues. In the first chapter I investigate the implications of ownership concentration and the presence of financial institutions for productivity, using both accounting data and detailed data on shareholdings for a panel of quoted UK companies. I control for unobserved firm fixed effects and the endogeneity of inputs and ownership using GMM estimation. The second chapter considers whether nationality of ownership affects productivity. The analysis challenges previous evidence of a foreign ownership advantage in the UK by showing that the foreign advantage is by and large a multinational advantage, except for US firms. In addition, longitudinal analysis disentangles the sources of the US and MNE productivity advantage. The third chapter examines the hypothesis that multinational firms have accessto larger knowledges tocks and quantifies how much multinationals' innovative successis due to higher innovation expenditure and how much to access to their intra-firm worldwide pool of information. The fourth chapter matches information on innovative activity with production data to investigate the link between innovation expenditure, knowledge flows and productivity growth. The results confirm the importance of knowledge flows for innovation and of innovation for productivity growth. The final chapter of the thesis investigates the empirical regularity that larger establishments pay higher wages. The longitudinal estimates demonstrate that positive effects of firm size on wages persist after controlling for observed and unobserved worker, firm and match specific characteristics and correcting for non-random mobility of workers.
Low voltage, low power folded-switching mixer with current-reuse in 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS

The scaling of the CMOS technologies has a great impact on analog design. The most severe consequence is a reduction of the voltage supply. In this article, a new low-voltage folded-switching mixer with current-reuse, which operates at 1 V supply voltage, is discussed. The main advantages of the introduced mixer topology are: a high voltage gain, a low noise figure, an operation at low supply voltages and flexibility in terms of mixer redesign for operation at different supply voltages. In order to alleviate the mixer design for different set of specifications and to provide a designer with a mixer design procedure, insight into mixer operation is given analyzing gain, noise figure and linearity. The mixer is designed in 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology. Taking into account the obtained simulation results at a supply voltage of 1 V (gain = 9 dB, NF = 12 dB, IIP3 = -1 dBm) and with a power consumption of 2.8 mW, the presented folded-switching mixer with current-reuse outperforms many of, so far, published CMOS mixers.
Batch matching of conjunctive triple patterns over linked data streams in the internet of things

The Internet of Things (IoT) envisions smart objects collecting and sharing data at a global scale via the Internet. One challenging issue is how to disseminate data to relevant consumers efficiently. This paper leverages semantic technologies, such as Linked Data, which can facilitate machine-to-machine (M2M) communications to build an efficient information dissemination system for semantic IoT. The system integrates Linked Data streams generated from various data collectors and disseminates matched data to relevant data consumers based on conjunctive triple pattern queries registered in the system by the consumers. We also design a new data structure, CTP-automata, to meet the high performance needs of Linked Data dissemination. We evaluate our system using a real-world dataset generated from a Smart Building Project. With CTP-automata, the proposed system can disseminate Linked Data at a speed of an order of magnitude faster than the existing approach with thousands of registered conjunctive queries.
Real-time Shadow Rendering in Scene System of Marine Simulator

In the large-scale scene system based on scene management software, an efficient method was presented to render shadow with shadow volume algorithm. Approaches were discussed to convert scene model from openflight file to 3ds file. The data used to determine silhouette edge was obtained by accessing the simplest LOD of model A new method that reduced silhouette edge by removing redundant internal edge was provided. A new strategy of shadow rendering was presented: depending on model's position, shadows were rendered with z-pass algorithm utilizing CPU or z-fail algorithm within vertex shader. The method and strategy presented in this paper can be integrated directly into the large-scale scene system based on scene management software. The effect of shadow rendering meets the real-time and reality requirements of scene system.
The improvement of RIA's software framework in Flex

In recent years, Flex technology has been widely used. The focus of Adobe is the Flex application framework design, and Adobe introduced the Cairngorm framework. It makes developers liberated from the cumbersome mode design. The author carefully studied the whole framework, and then they made some improvements of the event mechanism of the Cairngorm framework. And recommend improved version of the Cairngorm framework. Improved version of the Cairngorm framework is more suitable for development and maintenance of small and medium projects.
Clouds and radiation: intensive experimental study of clouds and radiation in the Netherlands (CLARA)

To understand and model the radiative transport in a cloudy atmosphere, information on the cloud structure, optical properties and microphysics is indispensable. In order to obtain a complete data set, four national institutes joined their efforts in the CLARA project. After the start of the preparations for the first campaign, the total number of participating national and international institutes increased to ten. In total three experimental campaigns took place in the Netherlands in 1996. An extensive set of instrumentation was employed during the experimental campaigns including lidars, radar, infrared radiometers, microwave radiometer and radiosondes. Furthermore, insitu aircraft measurements were carried out. With an FSSP the cloud droplet size distribution and the liquid water content was measured. The CLARA project has several sub-projects and related projects. It is not the scope of this paper to cover all the aspects. In this paper a short description of the CLARA-