Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rethinking network MIMO: Cost of CSIT, performance analysis, and architecture comparisons

We compare the downlink throughput of various cellular architectures with multi-antenna base stations and multiple single-antenna users per cell, by considering a number of inherent physical layer issues such as path-loss and time and frequency selective fading. In particular, we focus on Multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) downlink techniques that require channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). Our analysis takes explicit account of the cost of CSIT estimation and illuminates the tradeoffs between CSIT, estimation error, and system resource dedicated to training. This tradeoff shows that the number of antennas that can be jointly coordinated (either on the same base station or across multiple base stations) is intrinsically limited not just by “external factors,” such as complexity and rate of the backbone wired network, but by the inherent time and frequency variability of the fading channels. Our analysis, in agreement with a number of recent simulation results, shows that conventional MU-MIMO cellular architectures may outperform schemes based on coordinated transmission from base stations (referred to as Network MIMO schemes, NW-MIMO), at the negligible cost of a few extra antennas per station. In light of these results, it appears that the inherent bottleneck of NW-MIMO systems is not the backbone network (which here is assumed ideal with infinite capacity) but the intrinsic dimensional limitation of estimating the channels.
How to Compare Different Range Estimations: A Symmetry-Based Approach

How to compare different range estimators for multivariate functions under uncertainty? To answer this question, we analyze which utility functions can be used for this task. Specifically, we: (1) introduce various invariance assumptions, (2) describe the class of all utility functions which satisfy these assumptions, and (3) show how the resulting utility functions can be used to compare different range estimators.
Record and replay for Android: are we there yet in industrial cases?

Mobile applications, or apps for short, are gaining popularity. The input sources (e.g., touchscreen, sensors, transmitters) of the smart devices that host these apps enable the apps to offer a rich experience to the users, but these input sources pose testing complications to the developers (e.g., writing tests to accurately utilize multiple input sources together and be able to replay such tests at a later time). To alleviate these complications, researchers and practitioners in recent years have developed a variety of record-and-replay tools to support the testing expressiveness of smart devices. These tools allow developers to easily record and automate the replay of complicated usage scenarios of their app. Due to Android's large share of the smart-device market, numerous record-and-replay tools have been developed using a variety of techniques to test Android apps. To better understand the strengths and weaknesses of these tools, we present a comparison of popular record-and-replay tools from researchers and practitioners, by applying these tools to test three popular industrial apps downloaded from the Google Play store. Our comparison is based on three main metrics: (1) ability to reproduce common usage scenarios, (2) space overhead of traces created by the tools, and (3) robustness of traces created by the tools (when being replayed on devices with different resolutions). The results from our comparison show which record-and-replay tools may be the best for developers and identify future directions for improving these tools to better address testing complications of smart devices.
Biodiversity census of Lake St Lucia, iSimangaliso Wetland Park (South Africa): Gastropod molluscs

Abstract The recent dry phase experienced by the St Lucia estuarine system has led to unprecedented desiccation and hypersaline conditions through most of its surface area. This has changed only recently, at the end of 2011, with the onset of a new wet phase that has already caused a major shift to oligo- and mesohaline conditions. The estuary mouth, however, remains closed to the ocean, making the weak connection recently established between the St Lucia and the Mfolozi estuaries the only conveyance for marine recruitment. As a result, only 10 indigenous and two alien aquatic gastropod species are currently found living in the St Lucia estuarine lake. This is out of a total of 37 species recorded within the system since the earliest survey undertaken in 1924, half of which have not been reported in the literature before. The tick shell, Nassarius kraussianus, which was consistently found in large abundance prior to the recent dry phase, appears to have temporarily disappeared from the system, probably as a result of the extinction of Zostera marine grasses inside the lake. Population explosions of the bubble shell Haminoea natalensis, with its distinct egg masses, were recorded seasonally until 2009, but the species has subsequently not been observed again. A molecular DNA analysis of the various populations previously reported as belonging to the same assimineid species, variably referred to as Assiminea capensis, A. ovata, or A. bifasciata, has revealed that the St Lucia assemblage actually comprises two very distinct taxa, A. cf. capensis and a species provisionally referred to here as “A. ” aff. capensis or simply Assimineidae sp. In the mangroves, the climbing whelk Cerithidea decollata is still found in numbers, while ellobiids such as Cassidula labrella, Melampus semiaratus and M. parvulus are present in low abundances and all previously recorded littorinids have disappeared. A number of alien freshwater species have colonized areas of the system that have remained under low salinity. These include the invasive thiarid Tarebia granifera, which can be found in concentrations exceeding 5000 ind.m-2, the lymnaeid Pseudosuccinea columella and the physid Aplexa marmorata.
Data-centric attribute allocation and retrieval (DCAAR) scheme for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks have enabled information gathering from a large geographical region and present unprecedented opportunities for a broad spectrum of monitoring applications. In this paper, we propose a data-centric storage scheme to determine a distribution of attributes over a large-scale sensor network such that the cost of retrieving data is minimized. We analytically determine the conditions under which the proposed architecture is beneficial and present simulation results to demonstrate the same. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to determine an allocation of attributes over a sensor network based on the correlations between attributes
Interstitial 11q deletion derived from a maternal ins(4;11)(p14;q24.2q25): A patient report and review

We present a family with multiple cytogenetic abnormalities, identified through a girl with several dysmorphic features and cardiac problems, suspected for Jacobsen syndrome. Cytogenetic analysis showed a 46,XX,del(11)(qter) karyotype, which was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Cytogenetic investigation of the parents showed a chromosome aberration in both: the father had a t(11;12)(p13;q22) translocation and the mother was carrier of an ins(4;11)(p14;q24q25). FISH analysis with an 11q‐subtelomeric probe from the second‐generation telomere clone set and BACs from 11q24‐q25 suggested a complex maternal rearrangement. However, subsequent array analysis showed a single interstitial deletion in the proband, derived from the maternal insertion. The aberrant karyotypes in both parents implicated an increased risk of unbalanced fetal chromosome composition, thus high risk for a child with multiple congenital abnormalities. Therefore, during the next pregnancy, the couple opted for prenatal diagnosis by means of amniocentesis. An interphase FISH strategy for uncultured amniotic fluid cells predicted two possible unbalanced fetal chromosome constitutions. Karyotyping of cultured amniotic cells confirmed one of the predicted unbalanced cytogenetic options, demonstrating the value of a fast interphase strategy for parents who both are carriers of a chromosomal abnormality. In addition, we present an overview of patients with Jacobsen syndrome and an interstitial 11q deletion reported thus far in literature. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alzheimer's disease modifies progenitor cell expression of monoamine oxidase B in the subventricular zone

In the adult brain, progenitor cells remaining in the subventricular zone (SVZ) are frequently identified as glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)‐positive cells that retain attributes reminiscent of radial glia. Because the very high expression of monoamine oxidase B (MAO‐B) in the subventricular area has been related to epithelial and astroglial expression, we sought to ascertain whether it was also expressed by progenitor cells of human control and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. In the SVZ, epithelial cells and astrocyte‐like cells presented rich MAO‐B activity and immunolabeling. Nestin‐positive cells were found in the same area, showing a radial glia‐like morphology. When coimmunostaining and confocal microscopy were performed, most nestin‐positive cells showed MAO‐B activity and labeling. The increased progenitor activity in SVZ proposed for AD patients was confirmed by the positive correlation between the SVZ nestin/MAO‐B ratio and the progression of the disease. Nestin/GFAP‐positive cells, devoid of MAO‐B, can represent a distinct subpopulation of an earlier phase of maturation. This would indicate that MAO‐B expression takes place in a further step of nestin/GFAP‐positive cell differentiation. In the early AD stages, the discrete MAO‐B reduction, different from the severe GFAP decrease, would reflect the capacity of this population of MAO‐B‐positive progenitor cells to adapt to the neurodegenerative process. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Grasp quality measures

The correct grasp of objects is a key aspect for the right fulfillment of a given task. In robotics, the development of grippers more and more complex and versatile, such as mechanical hands, augments the necessity for algorithms to automatically determine grasps, and in a parallel way, arises the need to quantify the quality of the generated grasps in order to optimize them. This work reviews the quality measures proposed in the grasp literature to quantify the grasp quality. We classify the quality measures into two groups according to the main aspect evaluated by the measure: the location of the contact points on the object or the hand configuration. We also review the approaches that combine different quality measures from the two previous groups to obtain a global quality measure.
Logical foundations of relational data exchange

Data exchange has been defined as the problem of taking data structured under a source schema and materializing an instance of a target schema that reflects as accurately as possible the source data [19]. In the last years, the need for data exchange applications has increased, particularly due to the proliferation of web data in various formats (relational, XML, RDF, etc) and the emergence of e-business applications that need to communicate data yet remain autonomous. Responding to this demand, commercial data exchange systems have been built recently [12]. Even though data exchange is an old and common data management problem, its most foundational aspects had not been studied until very recently. There are two reasons for this. First, most of the early research on databases concentrated on the stand-alone relational model, and much less on interoperability, integration, and exchange. Second, there were no solid foundation, nor even a proper formal model, for the problem of data exchange. Such a model was finally proposed in 2003 by Fagin, Kolaitis, Miller and Popa [19], and was quickly adopted as the right model for data exchange. A survey on the topic has already appeared in the premier conference on database theory, PODS, [30], and two workshops on exchange and integration of data have already been held [10, 39]. This survey is organized as follows. In Section 2, we present the basics of data exchange. One of the goals of data exchange is materializing a target instance that is consistent both with the source data and the specification of the relationship between the source and the target. Such a target instance is called a solution for the given source data. The work of Fagin et al. [19] identified a class of solutions, called universal solutions, with good properties for data exchange. We introduce the class of universal solutions in Section 3. In Section 4, we study the problem of the materialization of universal solutions. In particular, we show that there is a meaningful class of data exchange settings for which universal solutions are guaranteed to exist, if a solution exists at all, and, if that is the case, then a universal solution can always be constructed in polynomial time. Also in Section 4 we study the core of the universal solutions, which happens to be the smallest universal solution.
Integrating hadoop and parallel DBMs

Teradata's parallel DBMS has been successfully deployed in large data warehouses over the last two decades for large scale business analysis in various industries over data sets ranging from a few terabytes to multiple petabytes. However, due to the explosive data volume increase in recent years at some customer sites, some data such as web logs and sensor data are not managed by Teradata EDW (Enterprise Data Warehouse), partially because it is very expensive to load those extreme large volumes of data to a RDBMS, especially when those data are not frequently used to support important business decisions. Recently the MapReduce programming paradigm, started by Google and made popular by the open source Hadoop implementation with major support from Yahoo! , is gaining rapid momentum in both academia and industry as another way of performing large scale data analysis. By now most data warehouse researchers and practitioners agree that both parallel DBMS and MapReduce paradigms have advantages and disadvantages for various business applications and thus both paradigms are going to coexist for a long time [16]. In fact, a large number of Teradata customers, especially those in the e-business and telecom industries have seen increasing needs to perform BI over both data stored in Hadoop and data in Teradata EDW. One common thing between Hadoop and Teradata EDW is that data in both systems are partitioned across multiple nodes for parallel computing, which creates integration optimization opportunities not possible for DBMSs running on a single node. In this paper we describe our three efforts towards tight and efficient integration of Hadoop and Teradata EDW.
Brain activation pattern related to gait disturbances in Parkinson's disease

Gait disturbances represent a therapeutic challenge in Parkinson's disease (PD). To further investigate their underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, we compared brain activation related to mental imagery of gait between 15 PD patients and 15 age‐matched controls using a block‐design functional MRI experiment. On average, patients showed altered locomotion relatively to controls, as assessed with a standardized gait test that evaluated the severity of PD‐related gait disturbances on a 25‐m path. The experiment was conducted in the subjects as they rehearsed themselves walking on the same path with a gait pattern similar as that during locomotor evaluation. Imagined walking times were measured on a trial‐by‐trial basis as a control of behavioral performance. In both groups, mean imagined walking time was not significantly different from that measured during real gait on the path used for evaluation. The between‐group comparison of the mental gait activation pattern with reference to mental imagery of standing showed hypoactivations within parieto‐occipital regions, along with the left hippocampus, midline/lateral cerebellum, and presumed pedunculopontine nucleus/mesencephalic locomotor area, in patients. More specifically, the activation level of the right posterior parietal cortex located within the impaired gait‐related cognitive network decreased proportionally with the severity of gait disturbances scored on the path used for gait evaluation and mental imagery. These novel findings suggest that the right posterior parietal cortex dysfunction is strongly related to the severity of gait disturbances in PD. This region may represent a target for the development of therapeutic interventions for PD‐related gait disturbances. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Effectiveness of physical activity advice and prescription by physicians in routine primary care: a cluster randomized trial.

BACKGROUND Physical activity promotion is a priority, but contribution of physicians' interventions is unclear. The effectiveness of the PEPAF ("Experimental Program for Physical Activity Promotion"), which was implemented exclusively by physicians in routine primary care from October 2003 to December 2004, was assessed. METHODS Fifty-six Spanish family physicians were randomized to either the intervention (n = 29) or standard care (n = 27) arm of the trial. The physicians recruited 4317 physically inactive patients (2248 for intervention and 2069 for control protocols) from a systematic sample after assessing their physical activity in routine practice. Intervention physicians provided advice to all patients and a physical activity prescription to the subgroup attending an additional appointment (30%). The main outcome measure was the change in physical activity measured by blinded nurses using the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall. Secondary outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life. RESULTS At 6 months, intervention patients increased physical activity more than controls (adjusted difference, 18 min/wk [95% confidence interval, 6-31 min/wk]; metabolic equivalent tasks x hours per week, 1.3 [95% CI, 0.4-2.2]). The proportion of the population achieving minimal physical activity recommendations was 3.9% higher in the intervention group (1.2%-6.9%; number needed to treat, 26). No differences were found in secondary outcomes. The effect of intervention was positively modified in subjects older than 50 years (P < or = .01) and in the prescription subgroup (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Family physicians were effective for increasing physical activity of primary care patients. Overall clinical effect was small but relevant for population public health. Within the intervention program, clinically relevant effects were seen in patients receiving a physical activity prescription. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00131079.
ISAR imaging based on 2D tensor sparse signal recovery algorithm

In Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) imaging, with a short coherent processing interval (CPI), the relative movement of the target can be approximated precisely as uniform rotation, then imaging of maneuvering target can be implemented. At the same time, it is better for real time imaging. By using the sparse property of the strong scatterers and the sparse signal recovery algorithm, the image of a target can be improved. The received signal of ISAR is two dimensional. Transforming the two dimensional equation to one dimensional equation then solving linear equation based sparse signal recovery problem requires huge memory and computational budget. By using two dimensional compressive sensing signal recovery algorithm, which saves memory and computing load, the ISAR image is recovered with better quality than the conventional FFT based method.
Prototypical Cases in Medical CBR Systems

Already in the early stages of Case-Based Reasoning prototypes were considered as an interesting technique to structure the case base and to fill the knowledge gap between single cases and general knowledge. Unfortunately, later on prototypes never became a hot topic within the CBR community. However, for medical applications they have been used rather regularly, because they correspond to the reasoning of doctors in a natural way. In this paper, we illustrate the role of prototypes by application programs, which cover all typical medical tasks: diagnosis, therapy, and course analysis.
Identification of a class of human cancer germline genes with transcriptional silencing refractory to the hypomethylating drug 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine.

Bona fide germline genes have expression restricted to the germ cells of the gonads. Testis-specific germline development-associated genes can become activated in cancer cells and can potentially drive the oncogenic process and serve as therapeutic/biomarker targets; such germline genes are referred to as cancer/testis genes. Many cancer/testis genes are silenced via hypermethylation of CpG islands in their associated transcriptional control regions and become activated upon treatment with DNA hypomethylating agents; such hypomethylation-induced activation of cancer/testis genes provides a potential combination approach to augment immunotherapeutics. Thus, understanding cancer/testis gene regulation is of increasing clinical importance. Previously studied cancer/testis gene activation has focused on X chromosome encoded cancer/testis genes. Here we find that a sub-set of non-X encoded cancer/testis genes are silenced in non-germline cells via a mechanism that is refractory to epigenetic dysregulation, including treatment with the hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine and the histone deacetylase inhibitor tricostatin A. These findings formally indicate that there is a sub-group of the clinically important cancer/testis genes that are unlikely to be activated in clinical therapeutic approaches using hypomethylating agents and it indicates a unique transcriptional silencing mechanism for germline genes in non-germline cells that might provide a target mechanism for new clinical therapies.
Probabilistic Computation in Human Perception under Variability in Encoding Precision

A key function of the brain is to interpret noisy sensory information. To do so optimally, observers must, in many tasks, take into account knowledge of the precision with which stimuli are encoded. In an orientation change detection task, we find that encoding precision does not only depend on an experimentally controlled reliability parameter (shape), but also exhibits additional variability. In spite of variability in precision, human subjects seem to take into account precision near-optimally on a trial-to-trial and item-to-item basis. Our results offer a new conceptualization of the encoding of sensory information and highlight the brain’s remarkable ability to incorporate knowledge of uncertainty during complex perceptual decision-making.
Managing spoken dialogues for information services

This paper presents an approach to managing spoken dialogues in information services systems. We describe how the approach, based upon a tri{partite model of interaction , addresses the problems of co{operativeness and portability across languages and task domains. This approach has been implemented in the generic dialogue manager of the Sundial dialogue systems. We outline the capabilities of this dialogue manager and describe our testing methodology.