Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Characterization of Fluted Pumpkin Landraces in South East Nigeria

The fluted pumpkin Telfairia occidentalis (Hook F.) is a very important vegetable, popularly cultivated in South Eastern Nigeria for its economic value and its role in nutrition. It exhibits a high degree of interspecies variability and as such enhances biodiversity. Twenty landraces of fluted pumpkin were collected from five States in southern Nigeria which include; Anambra, Ogun, Lagos, Ondo and Enugu State. The landraces were grown in the Botanical Garden of Lagos State University, Ojo during the rainy season of 2013 for phenotypic screening to determine genetic divergence. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Genetic characterization was conducted in the biotech lab of the national institute of medical research (NIMER). The genomic DNA was extracted from the samples and extracted DNA samples were amplified through the PCR techniques using four primers (RAPD – 01, OPR-02, OPC – 04 and SCAR-1 primer) to access diversity among the genotypes. The result reveals a huge genetic divergence among the genotypes studied. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters based on a 2.0(20%) level of similarity by single linkage cluster analysis, which agrees with morphological data, each containing fluted pumpkin genotypes sharing common properties and being similar to one another.
Solving optimal control problem using Hermite wavelet

In this paper, we derive the operational matrices of integration, derivative and production of Hermite wavelets and use a direct numerical method based on Hermite wavelet, for solving optimal control problems. The properties of Hermite polynomials are used for finding these matrices. First, we approximate the state and control variables by Hermite wavelets basis; then, the operational matrices is used to transfer the given problem into a linear system of algebraic equations. In fact, operational matrices of Hermite wavelet are employed to achieve a linear algebraic equation, in place of the dynamical system in terms of the unknown coefficients. The solution of this system gives us the solution of the original problem. Numerical examples with time varying and time invariant coefficient are given to demonstrate the applicability of these matrices.
Using Word Embeddings to Retrieve Semantically Similar Questions in Community Question Answering

This paper focuses on question retrieval which is a crucial and tricky task in Community Question Answering (cQA). Question retrieval aims at finding historical questions that are semantically equivalent to the queried ones, assuming that the answers to the similar questions should also answer the new ones. The major challenges are the lexical gap problem as well as the verboseness in natural language. Most existing methods measure the similarity between questions based on the bag-of-words (BOWs) representation capturing no semantics between words. In this paper, we rely on word embeddings and TF-IDF for a meaningful vector representation of the questions. The similarity between questions is measured using cosine similarity based on their vector-based word representations. Experiments carried out on a real world data set from Yahoo! Answers show that our method is competetive.
Numerical methods in classical mechanics: differential equations

A revision of different first order ODE numerical integration schemes is presented in the ambit of classical mechanics. Their performance is tested on a rescaled SHO, and their traits and efficiency discussed. From these, an RK4 method is chosen to study a Duffing-Holmes oscillator. Its nonlinearity is shown to cause a period-doubling route to chaos through the exploration of a particular range of the forcing amplitude parameter using a bifurcation diagram.
Lattice QCD determination of weak decays of B mesons

This thesis uses a variety of numerical and statistical techniques to perform high precision calculations in high energy physics using quantum field theory. It introduces the experimental motivation for the calculation of B meson form factors and includes a discussion of previous work. It then describes the modern theoretical framework describing these phenomena, outlining quantum chromodynamics and electroweak theory, and then illustrating the procedure of gauge fixing, the quantum effective action and background field gauge which is required for subsequent perturbative work. Details of the basic methodology of lattice quantum field theory are given as well as the specific formulation of the relativistic theory and nonrelativistic approximations used in this work to describe quantum chromodynamics. A comprehensive calculation of the zero recoil B → D∗ form factor is then presented, using state of the art lattice techniques with relativistic charm sea quarks and light sea quarks with correct physical masses, leading to a discussion of the dominant sources of uncertainty and possible resolutions of experimental tensions. Also included is preliminary work towards the full calculation of nonzero recoil matrix elements, with the aim of outlining possible future work. Finally, this thesis presents the computation of parameters correcting for radiative one loop phenomena and corrections to the kinetic coupling parameters in nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics in order to achieve a desirable level of precision in future calculations. This is done using Monte-Carlo integration to evaluate integrals from diagrams generated using automated lattice perturbation theory in background field gauge in order to match the coefficients of the effective action between the lattice and the continuum.
Glaucoma diagnosis using discrete wavelet transform and histogram features from fundus images

Glaucoma is one of the main eye diseases; it cause progressive deterioration of optic nerve fibers due to increased fluid pressure. The existing methods of glaucoma diagnosis are time consuming, expensive and require practiced clinicians to understand the eye problems. Hence fast, cheap and more accurate glaucoma diagnosis methods are needed. This paper presents an innovative idea for diagnosis of glaucoma using third level two dimensional discrete wavelet transform (2D DWT) and histogram features from fundus images. The 2D DWT is used to decompose the glaucoma and healthy images and histogram features are extracted from 2D DWT decomposed sub band images. The least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) is used as a classifier which classifies the glaucoma and healthy images using the extracted features. The proposed method yielded classification accuracy of 88.33%, 87.50%, and 86.67% for ten, eight and fivefold cross validation respectively. The obtained classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity are 88.33%, 90.00%, and 85.00% for tenfold cross validation respectively. Obtained results prove that the performance of the proposed method is better compared to the existing methods. It may considerably increases the diagnosis speed of ophthalmologists.
Simulation of Xe/I2 lamp kinetics upon capacitive discharge excitation

A kinetic model of the active medium of a lamp source with a Xe/I 2 binary mixture pumped by capacitive discharge is constructed. The optimum conditions for the emission at wavelengths of 253 nm (B → X transition of XeJ* molecule) and 206 nm ( 2 P 3/2 → 2 P 1/2 transition of atomic iodine) are determined.
Numerical study of head-on droplet collisions at high Weber numbers

Head-on collisions of binary water droplets at high Weber numbers are studied by means of direct numerical simulations (DNS). We modify the lamella stabilization method of Focke & Bothe (J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., vol. 166 (14), 2011, pp. 799–810), which avoids the artificial rupture of the thin lamella arising in high-energy collisions, and validate it in the regime of high Weber numbers. The simulations are conducted with and without initial disturbances and the results are compared with the experimental work of Pan et al. (Phys. Rev. E, vol. 80 (3), 2009, 036301). The influence of initial white noise disturbance on the collision dynamics is identified and good agreement between the simulation results and the experimental results is obtained when the initial noise disturbances are properly exerted. In order to include the stochastic nature of the disturbance, we conduct several simulations with white noise disturbance of same strength and average the spectrum diagram for the unstably developing rim of the collision complex. We show that the magnification of rim perturbation can be predicted by Plateau–Rayleigh theory over a long time span.
Finite-dimensional Leibniz algebras and combinatorial structures

Given a finite-dimensional Leibniz algebra with certain basis, we show how to associate such algebra with a combinatorial structure of dimension 2. In some particular cases, this structure can be reduced to a digraph or a pseudodigraph. In this paper, we study some theoretical properties about this association and we determine the type of Leibniz algebra associated to each of them.
Enhancement of Partial Volume Correction in MR-Guided PET Image Reconstruction by Using MRI Voxel Sizes

Positron emission tomography (PET) suffers from poor spatial resolution which results in quantitative bias when evaluating the radiotracer uptake in small anatomical regions, such as the striatum in the brain which is of importance in this paper of neurodegenerative diseases. These partial volume effects need to be compensated for by employing partial volume correction (PVC) methods in order to achieve quantitatively accurate images. Two important PVC methods applied during the reconstruction are resolution modeling, which suffers from Gibbs artifacts, and penalized likelihood using anatomical priors. The introduction of clinical simultaneous PET-MR scanners has attracted new attention for the latter methods and brought new opportunities to use MRI information to assist PET image reconstruction in order to improve image quality. In this context, MR images are usually down-sampled to the PET resolution before being used in MR-guided PET reconstruction. However, the reconstruction of PET images using the MRI voxel size could achieve a better utilization of the high resolution anatomical information and improve the PVC obtained with these methods. In this paper, we evaluate the importance of the use of MRI voxel sizes when reconstructing PET images with MR-guided maximum a posteriori (MAP) methods, specifically the modified Bowsher method. We also propose a method to avoid the artifacts that arise when PET reconstructions are performed in a higher resolution matrix than the standard for a given scanner. The MR-guided MAP reconstructions were implemented with a modified Lange prior that included anatomical information with the Bowsher method. The methods were evaluated with and without resolution modeling for simulated and real brain data. We show that the use of the MRI voxel sizes when reconstructing PET images with MR-guided MAP enhances PVC by improving the contrast and reducing the bias in six different regions of the brain using regional metrics for a single simulated data set and ensemble metrics for ten noise realizations. Similar results were obtained for real data, where a good enhancement of the contrast was achieved. The combination of MR-guided MAP reconstruction with point-spread function modeling and MRI voxel sizes proved to be an attractive method to achieve considerable enhancement of PVC, while reducing and controlling the noise level and Gibbs artifacts.
Millennial Leadership and the Quality of Work Environment in Travel and Tourism Industry

This study holds purpose to find out which leadership is adapted by millennial leaders with the usage of traits leadership, behavioral leadership, and contingency leadership. Furthermore, this paper also investigates how millennial leaders affect the work environment in physical, psychological, and social form. Lastly, the other aim of this research is to discover whether millennial leaders approves as a good strategic plan in improving the quality of work environment. Qualitative methods such as literature review and in-depth interviews were used to measure the connection between two variables. The contradictive result from this research suggests that millennial leaders do influence their work environment by their performance, open-mindedness, communication skill, and willingness to listen and learn to enhance the quality of work environment.
Future of Technology and Medicine is Interlinked Psychiatry will be a major Beneficiary

The world is in the midst of large technological expansion and innovation. Technological growth is exponential and rapid in the last few decades. It has consistently increased in reach as well as capabilities. The exponential growth in various technologies that can be useful in practice and teaching/training medical students like wearable devices, e-learning, simulated patients, virtual learning, and interaction, is immense.
Program Keluarga Harapan: Can It Reduce Poverty and Increase Welfare in Indonesia? Household Level Evidence from Districts/Cities in Indonesia on 2019

Poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon which is a major challenge in all countries. To reduce poverty and improve welfare, government intervention programs are needed. Conditional cash transfer programs are widely implemented in several countries. In Indonesia, there is Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH). This program has many debates as an anti-poverty program. This research looks at the effect of PKH on poverty and welfare in Indonesia. It used the 2019 Susenas raw data and analyzed by SEM-PLS method. The findings showed that PKH had a negative-significant effect on poverty and a positive-significant effect on welfare in Indonesia. In addition, poverty has a negative and significant effect on welfare in Indonesia. The research results are expected to be input for the central and regional governments in making policies for the sustainability of PKH implementation in reducing poverty and increasing welfare.
Scanning transmission electron microscopy: A review of high angle annular dark field and annular bright field imaging and applications in lithium-ion batteries

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been shown as powerful tools for material characterization, especially after the appearance of aberration-corrector which greatly enhances the resolution of STEM. High angle annular dark field (HAADF) and annular bright field (ABF) imaging of the aberration-corrected STEM are widely used due to their high-resolution capabilities and easily interpretable image contrasts. However, HAADF mode of the STEM is still limited in detecting light elements due to the weak electron-scattering power. ABF mode of the STEM could detect light and heavy elements simultaneously, providing unprecedented opportunities for probing unknown structures of materials. Atomic-level structure investigation of materials has been achieved by means of these imaging modes, which is invaluable in many fields for either improving properties of materials or developing new materials. This paper aims to provide a introduction of HAADF and ABF imaging techniques and reviews their applications in characterization of cathode materials, study of electrochemical reaction mechanisms, and exploring the effective design of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The future prospects of the STEM are also discussed.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Hydrodynamic Mechanisms in Erosive Sheet Cavitation

Cavitation erosion is one of the limiting factors in the design of hydraulic machinery as it is associated with the reduction in the operating life-time of a hydraulic machine and a significant increase in maintenance cost. In order to be able to design a hydraulic machine with a low risk of cavitation erosion, understanding the hydrodynamic mechanisms controlling the cavitation erosion is of great importance. A precondition of these hydrodynamic mechanisms is the creation of a transient cavity that collapses violently as it travels into the high-pressure regions; this creation is often called the shedding of cavity structures. Therefore, understanding the shedding process of the cavity structures plays an important role in providing the knowledge related to hydrodynamic mechanisms of cavitation erosion. In this thesis, the dynamics of cavitating flows over a NACA0009 foil are investigated using numerical and experimental methods. The shedding behavior of cavity structures is analyzed based on the results from the numerical simulations and high-speed videos. For erosion assessment, the location of erosive collapses in the cavitating flow is determined using a paint test method. These locations and the detectable collapse events in the high-speed videos are used to find the relation between the erosion patterns and cavitation dynamics. In order to numerically assess the areas with high risk of cavitation erosion, the cavitating flow is simulated using a compressible solver, capable of capturing the shock-waves upon the collapse of cavities. The areas with high risk of cavitation erosion, identified with the compressible solver, is compared with the results from paint test. The results from the compressible solver are used to investigate the hydrodynamic mechanisms of erosive collapses.
Equilibrium analysis for an epidemic model with a reservoir for infection

ABSTRACT We consider a system of non-linear differential equations describing the spread of an epidemic in two interacting populations. The model assumes that the epidemic spreads within the first population, which in turn acts as a reservoir of infection for the second population. We explore the conditions under which the epidemic is endemic in both populations and discuss the global asymptotic stability of the endemic equilibrium using a Lyapunov function and results established for asymptotically autonomous systems. We discuss monkeypox as an example of an emerging disease that can be modelled in this way and present some numerical results representing the model and its extensions.
Geometric Lie algebra in matter, arts and mathematics with incubation of the periodic systems of the elements

From a brief recapitulation of the foundational works of Marius Sophus Lie and Herrmann Gunther Grassmann, and including missing African links, a rhapsodic survey is made of the straight line of extension and existence that runs as the very fibre of generation and creation throughout Nature’s all utterances, which must therefore ultimately be the web of Reality itself of which the Arts and Sciences are interpreters on equal explorer terms. Assuming their direct approach, the straight line and its archaic and algebraic and artistic bearings and convolutions have been followed towards their inner reaches, which earlier resulted in a retrieval of the baryon and meson elementary particles and now equally straightforward the electron geodesics and the organic build of the periodic system of the elements.
International Reference Ionosphere 2016: From ionospheric climate to real‐time weather predictions

The paper presents the latest version of the International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI‐2016) describing the most important changes and improvements that were included with this version and discussing their impact on the IRI predictions of ionospheric parameters. IRI‐2016 includes two new model options for the F2 peak height hmF2 and a better representation of topside ion densities at very low and high solar activities. In addition, a number of smaller changes were made concerning the use of solar indices and the speedup of the computer program. We also review the latest developments toward a Real‐Time IRI. The goal is to progress from predicting climatology to describing the real‐time weather conditions in the ionosphere.
Modelos lineares generalizados para análise de dados com medidas repetidas

In this work, we consider the generalized estimation equations developed by Liang and Zeger (1986) focusing the theory of estimating functions presented by Godambe (1991). These estimation equations are an extension of generalized linear models (GLMs) to the analysis of repeated measurements. We present an iterative procedure to estimate the regression parameters as well as hypothesis testing of these parameters. For the residual analysis, we generalize to repeated measurements some diagnostic methods available for GLMs. The half-normal probability plot with a simulated envelope is useful for diagnosing model inadequacy and detecting outliers. To obtain this plot, we consider an algorithm for generating a set of nonnegatively correlated variables having a specified correlation structure. Finally, the theory is applied to real data sets.
Estimation de la période de la représentation autorégressive d'un processus à temps continu

Nous considerons l'estimation de la periode d'un processus aleatoire a representation autoregressive. Nous etudions un estimateur de la periode de la fonction moyenne base sur une methode de la distance minimale. Sous des conditions de regularite, nous montrons sa convergence en probabilite et nous etablissons une loi limite.
Why Do Nigerian SMEs Go Abroad? A Convergent Parallel Study

This paper empirically and holistically investigates the motivations behind the internationalization of Nigerian SMEs. SMEs play an important role in a country’s economy, and their internationalization not only contributes to the country’s growth but also the firm’s competitiveness and profitability. Adopting a mixed methods approach, the study analyzed 181 questionnaires distributed to Nigerian SMEs and conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 SMEs. Findings revealed that SMEs are motivated by a combination of factors to go international. The study reveals that profit and growth, foreign market opportunities, and unsolicited foreign orders are some of the motives for internationalization among Nigerian SMEs. In conclusion, internationalization can help SMEs remain competitive, increase their chances of survival, and achieve growth in the long-term.