Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-management strategies to reduce pain and improve function among older adults in community settings: a review of the evidence.

CONTEXT Self-management strategies for pain hold substantial promise as a means of reducing pain and improving function among older adults with chronic pain, but their use in this age group has not been well defined. OBJECTIVE To review the evidence regarding self-management interventions for pain due to musculoskeletal disorders among older adults. DESIGN We searched the Medline and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases to identify relevant articles for review and analyzed English-language articles that presented outcome data on pain, function, and/or other relevant endpoints and evaluated programs/strategies that could be feasibly implemented in the community. Abstracted information included study sample characteristics, estimates of treatment effect, and other relevant outcomes when present. RESULTS Retained articles (N = 27) included those that evaluated programs sponsored by the Arthritis Foundation and other programs/strategies including yoga, massage therapy, Tai Chi, and music therapy. Positive outcomes were found in 96% of the studies. Proportionate change in pain scores ranged from an increase of 18% to a reduction of 85% (median = 23% reduction), whereas change in disability scores ranged from an increase of 2% to a reduction of 70% (median = 19% reduction). Generalizability issues identified included limited enrollment of ethnic minority elders, as well as non-ethnic elders aged 80 and above. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a broad range of self-management programs may provide benefits for older adults with chronic pain. Research is needed to establish the efficacy of the programs in diverse age and ethnic groups of older adults and identify strategies that maximize program reach, retention, and methods to ensure continued use of the strategies over time.
First-time Home-ownership in the Family Life Course: A West German-Dutch Comparison

The transition to first-time home-ownership is made at increasingly younger ages in both West Germany and the Netherlands. This trend is stronger in the Netherlands than in Germany, however. There are also marked differences between the two countries in the extent to which first-time home-ownership is connected with events in the family life course (marriage and childbirth) and the availability of resources from the parental family. These differences can be understood in terms of differences in house prices, housing policy (subsidies and other regulations) and other differences in the legal and financial systems.
Formal and informal CPAs on business strategy and performance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine corporate political activities (CPA) by migrant entrepreneurs to improve business performance in a host developing country.Design/methodology/approach – The authors use a cross‐sectional analysis of 97 Chinese migrant entrepreneurs with business operations in a host developing economy.Findings – A significant positive relationship was found between formal CPAs and performance.Research limitations/implications – To further deepen the examination of CPAs, new quantification methodologies have to be applied to properly measure CPA relational strength, investment intensity and diversity.Practical implications – The results enable migrant entrepreneurs to make a more educated decision on the type of CPAs to pursue and to what intensity.Social implications – The results could motivate migrant entrepreneurs to adapt rapidly to the host country's formal customs to facilitate socio‐economic adaptation.Originality/value – This study contributes to literature by exam.
Accuracy of sonographic prediction of birth weight

Many clinicians use ultrasound estimates of fetal weight to assess fetal growth. This study assessed the accuracy of the Hadlock IV equation, the equation used at the Royal Hospital for Women, Randwick, NSW, in estimating birth weight. The accuracy of the Hadlock IV equation was assessed based on systematic and random error as well as absolute error. 709 women who underwent ultrasound examination within 8 weeks of delivery between January 2009–May 2011 were included. 305 women underwent ultrasound less than 2 weeks before delivery. The systematic, random and absolute errors of the Hadlock IV equation were −0.47, 27.45 and 8.52%, respectively. This study demonstrates that clinicians may rely on ultrasound estimates of fetal weight performed by well‐trained staff in a tertiary institution within 2 weeks of delivery. The accuracy diminishes as the interval between testing and delivery increases. Absolute errors tended to increase with increasing birth weight for all ultrasound‐delivery intervals.
Neurolytic Celiac Plexus Block for Treatment of Cancer Pain: A Meta-Analysis

We performed a meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) for cancer pain. A literature search yielded 59 papers, but data on NCPB in two or more patients was available in only 24 papers. Twenty-one studies were retrospective, one was prospective, and two were randomized and controlled. Cancer type was stated in 1117 of 1145 patients reported (63% pancreatic, 37% nonpancreatic). A bilateral posterior approach with 150-50 mL of 50%-100% alcohol was the most common technique. Nonradiologically guided NCPB was performed in 246 patients (32%); guidance was by computed tomography (CT) in 214 (28%), radiograph in 271 (34%), fluoroscopy in 36 (5%), or ultrasound in 7 (<1%). Good to excellent pain relief was reported in 878/989 patients (89%) during the first 2 wk after NCPB. Long-term followup beyond 3 mo revealed persistent benefit. Partial to complete pain relief continued in approximately 90% of patients alive at 3 mo post-NCPB and in 70%-90% until death even if beyond 3 mo post-NCPB. Patients with pancreatic cancer responded similarly to those with other intraabdominal malignancies. Common adverse effects were transient, including local pain (96%), diarrhea (44%), and hypotension (38%); complications occurred in 2%. This analysis suggests that: 1) NCPB has long-lasting benefit for 70%-90% of patients with pancreatic and other intraabdominal cancers, regardless of the technique used; 2) adverse effects are common but transient and mild; and 3) severe adverse effects are uncommon. (Anesth Analg 1995;80:290-5)
The Interrelation Between Capital Production and Consumer-Taking

I. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM AT ONE of our informal meetings at the Campus Club of the University of Minnesota in the spring term of I93 I, Professor Alvin H. Hansen and I happened to engage in a discussion regarding the nature of the interrelation between capital production and consumer-taking. ' Hansen took the position that, if we are in a phase of the business cycle where both capital production and consumer-taking are rising, then capital production must start declining as soon as the rate of increase of consumer-taking slackens. This being so, Professor Hansen argued further, the mere fact that the primary factors of production are limited must necessarily lead to a situation where capital production actually declines. In fact, if the primary factors of production are limited, the production of consumer goods (which we here may assume is the same as consumer-taking) cannot go on increasing to infinity. Therefore, the rate of increase of consumer-taking must sooner or later slacken; and, as soon as this happens, the production of capital goods must, as already mentioned, decline absolutely. In this way, Professor Hansen claimed, it should be possible to explain the turningpoint of the business cycle. This argument was in conformity with the one he developed on page I I3 in his book, Business Cycle Theory (I927). I took the position that this argument is fundamentally wrong. I claimed that, even under the most simplified assumption, it is wrong to say that capital production must decline because the rate of increase in consumer-taking slackens. And it is, therefore, not true that the limited amount available of the primary factors must necessarily entail a situation where capital production actually declines. After some discussion, Professor Hansen agreed entirely with my argument, and he also pointed out to me that a number of other economists have made the same mistake, for instance, T. M. Clark2 and Wesley C. Mitchell.3
A polar modulated tri-band power amplifier using flexible substrate based MEMS switches

In this work, the phase compensation techniques by means of self-biasing control and an additional tuning capacitor for polar modulated tri-band Class-E power amplifier is proposed. The tri-band power amplifier operating at 2.3∼2.7/3.3∼3.8/5.1∼5.8 GHz for WLAN and WiMAX applications adjusts low loss Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) switches to select the matching networks. The improvement of phase distortion and system relative constellation error (RCE) is 36.4° and 8.9dB, respectively. Simulation results shows that the maximum power-added efficiency (PAE) of 34.9%, drain efficiency of 37.3%, and output power of 18.8dBm from 2.8V supply can be achieved in 0. 18µm CMOS Technology.
The Determinants of Convention Site Selection: A Logistic Choice Model from Experimental Data

One of the most attractive segments of the travel and tourism market is the meetings and conventions sector. Convention and visitor bureaus (CVBs) covet this important visitor group to compete for a share of the spoils this segment now represents. But very little is known about the factors that determine how the site for a convention is chosen from among the many different alternative host destinations available. Consequently, CVBs and other destination management organizations (DMOs) lack adequate knowledge for competitive action. This study reports the results from a stated choice experiment on the Australian domestic conventions industry. It provides statistical evidence of the determinant site attributes that influence the choice of convention site and finds that although convention facility and accommodation factors are critical, a destination must offer additional features to compete effectively. The study also demonstrates the application of stated choice modeling for assessing the utility of each choice attribute.
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States.

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The Significance of Distance in Innovation Biographies—The Case of Law Firms

The objective of this paper is to illustrate the trajectories of innovation biographies in the service economy utilising the geographic heuristics of physical and relational distances. Drawing on the theoretical literature on the significance of proximity and distance to economic activities, the paper examines three case studies in the law sector. The analysis focuses on the role of the term “innovation” within law businesses and on the interplay of proximities and distances in the case studies.
Laminin receptors, collagenase IV and prognosis in node‐negative breast cancers

In 187 node‐negative breast cancers, the expression of laminin receptors and collagenase IV was directly related in 52% of cases, independently of pathological (tumor size and histology) and biological (estrogen receptors and proliferative activity) features. Moreover, the presence of laminin receptors and collagenase IV did not appear to influence tumor proliferative activity, evaluated as 3H‐thymidine labelling index. In this case series, relapse‐free survival and overall survival at 6 years were significantly affected by tumor size, hormone receptor status and proliferative activity. Conversely, high levels of laminin receptors and collagenase IV failed to influence relapse‐free or overall survival, whereas they were strong indicators of local‐regional diffusion of the disease.
Heart-Rate Variability and Cardiac Autonomic Function in Diabetes

Cardiac autonomic function was measured in 25 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 11 control subjects. Autonomic integrity was assessed with standard tests of autonomic function and a new technique of measuring heart-rate variability (HRV) for 24 h. All of the diabetic subjects were selected on the basis of peripheral or autonomic neuropathy or longterm poorly controlled diabetes. They were divided into groups according to presence or absence of vagal neuropathy based on the results of standard tests of autonomic function. Thirteen diabetic subjects had normal autonomic function tests (group 1), and vagal neuropathy was detected in 12 diabetic subjects (group 2). All subjects were monitored by ambulatory electrocardiograph, and the recordings were played back through an analyzer that identified and timed successive pulse (R-R) intervals. HRV was measured from the standard deviation of the successive differences between R-R intervals. HRV was significantly reduced in group 1 (mean ± SE 73 ± 9 ms) and group 2 (65 ± 12 ms) diabetic subjects compared with the control group (138 ± 10 ms). The standard tests of autonomic function did not distinguish the vagal dysfunction noted with HRV monitoring in group 1 diabetic subjects compared with control subjects. Measurement of 24-h HRV can detect small changes in cardiac autonomic function compared with currently available tests.
Nestling telomere shortening, but not telomere length, reflects developmental stress and predicts survival in wild birds

Developmental stressors often have long-term fitness consequences, but linking offspring traits to fitness prospects has remained a challenge. Telomere length predicts mortality in adult birds, and may provide a link between developmental conditions and fitness prospects. Here, we examine the effects of manipulated brood size on growth, telomere dynamics and post-fledging survival in free-living jackdaws. Nestlings in enlarged broods achieved lower mass and lost 21% more telomere repeats relative to nestlings in reduced broods, showing that developmental stress accelerates telomere shortening. Adult telomere length was positively correlated with their telomere length as nestling (r = 0.83). Thus, an advantage of long telomeres in nestlings is carried through to adulthood. Nestling telomere shortening predicted post-fledging survival and recruitment independent of manipulation and fledgling mass. This effect was strong, with a threefold difference in recruitment probability over the telomere shortening range. By contrast, absolute telomere length was neither affected by brood size manipulation nor related to survival. We conclude that telomere loss, but not absolute telomere length, links developmental conditions to subsequent survival and suggest that telomere shortening may provide a key to unravelling the physiological causes of developmental effects on fitness.
Assessing the Risk of Bleeding in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation Project

Background—Management decisions for thromboprophylaxis in atrial fibrillation need to balance the risk of stroke against serious hemorrhage. The objective of the present analysis is to compare the Hypertension, Abnormal renal/liver function, Stroke, Bleeding history or predisposition, Labile international normalized ratio, Elderly (>65 years), Drugs/alcohol concomitantly (HAS-BLED) score against other older bleeding risk scores and the new Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation score in an atrial fibrillation cohort. Methods and Results—Patients diagnosed with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in a 4-hospital institution between 2000 and 2010 were identified. Independent risk factors of bleeding were investigated using Cox regression. The predictive value of several bleeding risk schema was assessed using the c-statistic and net reclassification improvement. Oral anticoagulation use was highest in moderate-risk patients (59.8%) but only slightly more than high-risk (50.1%) and low-risk (46.4%) patients. Those at higher bleeding risk (HAS-BLED ≥3) were also at highest risk of stroke/thromboembolism or stroke/thromboembolism/death, as well as bleeding and all-cause mortality. On multivariable analysis, independent predictors of bleeding were age ≥75 years and age ≥65 years, alcohol excess, anemia, and heart failure. All risk scores had only modest predictive ability for bleeding, whether on vitamin K antagonist or not (c-statistic ≈0.6). When the HAS-BLED score was compared with other bleeding risk scores, the net reclassification improvement was significantly improved against all other scores tested. Conclusions—Current oral anticoagulation prescribing patterns would suggest that bleeding risk estimation by clinicians is poor and that oral anticoagulation prescribing does not reflect bleeding risk per se. The HAS-BLED score performs well in relation to predicting bleeding events compared with older bleeding scores and the Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation score, with significantly improved reclassification using HAS-BLED compared with all other bleeding risk scores tested.
Debt Policy Under Constraints: Philip II, the Cortes, and Genoese Bankers

The large public debt was created in 16th century Castile. A new view of its fiscal system is presented. The main part of the debt was in perpetual redeemable annuities and its credibility was enhanced by decentralized funding through taxes administered by cities that represented the Realm in the Cortes. Accumulation of short-term debt would be refinanced by long-term debt. Short-term debt crises occurred when the service of the long-term debt reached the revenues of the taxes that funded the domestic long-term debt. They were resolved after protracted negotiations in the Cortes by tax increases and interest rate reductions
An examination of order effects in auditors’ inherent risk assessments

Prior studies have reported the presence of order effects (in particular, a recency effect) in a variety of audit tasks. If recency effects are present in auditors' judgments, there may be serious implications for the auditing profession, especially if the audit evidence collected by an auditor during the planning stage of the audit has the potential to influence the auditor's decisions concerning the nature, timing and extent of audit procedures merely on the basis of the order in which the evidence is collected. This study attempts to provide further insights into the issue by examining the occurrence of order effects and their impact on the judgments of auditors who were sufficiently compensated for their time and who had the required years of experience to perform the audit task used in this study. Moreover, although the Belief-Adjustment model's predictions have been applied to a variety of audit tasks, the model has not previously been used to examine the inherent risk task. Seventy auditors completed a case study, which instructed them to determine the risk that there were material errors in the client's financial statements, in the absence of any related internal controls. The ANOVA results revealed that recency effects were not present in the auditors' inherent risk assessments. Thus, their judgments did not appear to be influenced by the order in which audit evidence was evaluated. The results, however, suggest that auditors' judgments of inherent risk may be biased towards conservatism. As recognised in earlier studies, this behavior may mitigate recency biases.
Characterization of mutant Met100Lys of cytochrome c-550 from Thiobacillus versutus with lysine-histidine heme ligation.

The heme iron in cytochrome c-550 from Thiobacillus versutus has a methionine and a histidine as axial ligands. In order to study the characteristics of a possible lysine-histidine ligation in a heme protein, the methionine has been replaced by a lysine. This residue acts as a ligand between pH 3 and 12. The midpoint potential of the mutant has shifted -329 mV compared to wild type, but apart from this shift the pH dependence of the midpoint potential is unchanged, suggesting that the large drop is caused by specific ligand effects and not by protein refolding. While the EPR spectrum of wild-type cytochrome c-550 shows one species with gz = 3.35, in the spectrum of the mutant two species occur with gz values of 3.53 and 3.30. The intensity ratio of both species depends on the presence of organic cosolvents. In the low frequency region (-4 to -1 ppm) of the 1H NMR spectrum of mutant ferrocytochrome c-550, four one-proton peaks replace the resonances of the ligand methionine side chain protons. Using two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy (COSY and NOESY), these protons and five others have been assigned to the lysine ligand. The spectroscopic results obtained for this mutant show similarities with those observed for the alkaline form of cytochrome c, supporting the Lys-His ligation proposed for this protein. The data are consistent with the evidence for amine ligation in cytochrome f: the EPR spectrum of M100K cytc-550 is similar to that of cytochrome f. However, the NMR spectra show significant differences. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Metabolize methionine and lysine requirements of growing cattle.

Two growth studies were conducted to determine the Met and Lys requirements of growing cattle. In each 84-d trial, steer calves were fed individually diets containing 44% sorghum silage, 44% corn cobs, and 12% supplement (DM basis) at an equal percentage of BW. In Trial 1, 95 crossbred steers (251 kg) were supplemented with urea or meat and bone meal (MBM). Incremental amounts of rumen-protected Met were added to MBM to provide 0, . 45, . 9, 1.35, 3, and 6 g/d metabolizable Met. In Trial 2, 60 steers (210 kg) were supplemented with urea or corn gluten meal (CGM). Incremental amounts of rumen-protected Lys were added to CGM to provide 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 10 g/d metabolizable Lys. Supplementation with MBM and CGM increased the supply of metabolizable protein to the animal. Steers fed MBM plus 0 Met gained 49 g/d more than steers fed urea, whereas steers fed CGM plus 0 Lys gained 150 g/d more than steers fed urea. Supplementation of rumen-protected Met and Lys improved ADG in steers fed MBM and CGM, respectively (P < .10). Nonlinear analysis, comparing gain vs supplemental Met and Lys intake, predicted supplemental Met and Lys requirements of 2.9 and . 9 g/d, respectively. This amount of additional Met promoted . 13 kg/ d gain greater than MBM alone, and this amount of additional Lys promoted . 10 kg/d gain greater than the CGM alone. Metabolizable Met and Lys requirements were predicted from Level 1 of NRC (1996) calculated metabolizable protein supply, amino acid analysis of abomasal contents, and the maximum response to supplemental AA. Steers gaining . 39 kg/d required 11.6 g/ d Met or 3. 1% of the metabolizable protein requirement, whereas steers gaining . 56 kg/d required 22.5 g/d Lys or 5.7% of the metabolizable protein requirement.