Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Analysis of Typical Algorithms Based on K-Anonymity

The backgrounds that K-anonymity was put forward are described. K-anonymity, Quasi Identifier and other related concepts are given. We also analyse the basic algorithms based on K-anonymity such as Datafly algorithm, MinGen (Minimal Generalization) algorithm, Incognito algorithm, Classfly & Classfly+ algorithm, Multiple Constraints algorithm etc, and point out the advantages and flaws of these algorithms. Finally, the future directions in the field are discussed.
Sampling Adjusted Analysis of Dynamic Additive Regression Models for Longitudinal Data

We consider a modelling approach to longitudinal data that aims at estimating flexible covariate effects in a model where the sampling probabilities are modelled explicitly. The joint modelling yields simple estimators that are easy to compute and analyse, even if the sampling of the longitudinal responses interacts with the response level. An incorrect model for the sampling probabilities results in biased estimates. Non‐representative sampling occurs, for example, if patients with an extreme development (based on extreme values of the response) are called in for additional examinations and measurements. We allow covariate effects to be time‐varying or time‐constant. Estimates of covariate effects are obtained by solving martingale equations locally for the cumulative regression functions. Using Aalen's additive model for the sampling probabilities, we obtain simple expressions for the estimators and their asymptotic variances. The asymptotic distributions for the estimators of the non‐parametric components as well as the parametric components of the model are derived drawing on general martingale results. Two applications are presented. We consider the growth of cystic fibrosis patients and the prothrombin index for liver cirrhosis patients. The conclusion about the growth of the cystic fibrosis patients is not altered when adjusting for a possible non‐representativeness in the sampling, whereas we reach substantively different conclusions about the treatment effect for the liver cirrhosis patients.
Robust stability and stabilization of a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with delays

A class of nonlinear systems with norm-bounded uncertainties and state-delay is considered. Two criteria are developed for the robust stability analysis: one is delay-independent and the other is delay-dependent. Methods for robust feedback synthesis are then examined. It is established that linear memoryless controllers are capable of guaranteeing the delay-dependent and delay-independent stabilizability of the closed-loop systems. All the results are expressed in the form of linear matrix inequalities which can be solved by efficient and numerically-stable routines. The developed theory is applied to the stability robustness problem of an industrial jacketed continuous stirred tank reactor.
Application Research of Non-destructive Detection of Apple Sugar Content Based on Convolution Neural Network

This paper studies the application of non-destructive testing of apple sugar content based on convolutional neural network (CNN). The Apple sample dataset was constructed and a specific network structure was designed based on VGG16, the well-trained network model was transplanted to the Android mobile phone, and the feature information related to Brix in the Apple image was successfully extracted by taking photos on the mobile phone. Experiments show that the Brix prediction method based on convolutional neural network performs well in indicators such as accuracy, recall and F1 score. Its application potential in fruit quality inspection is verified.
Military-Related Rumour Detection Based on Attention Mechanism

In response to the problem that military-related rumor detection is neglected in online rumour detection, which affects the online ecology and also brings challenges to the image of the army and the psychology of officers and soldiers, we analyze the characteristics of military-related rumours and their linguistic features, and try to apply Bi-directional long short term memory (Bi-LSTM) and attention mechanism, We propose a military-related rumour detection model based on Bi-LSTM + Attention mechanism. The model is based on the model comparison of public datasets, and the military-related datasets established to complete the experimental tests, and the results found that its accuracy rate reached 97.8%, which has a better detection effect.
On the slow viscous rotation of a body straddling the interface between two immiscible semi-infinite fluids

Using toroidal coordinates, an exact solution is derived for the velocity field induced in two immiscible semi-infinite fluids possessing a plane interface, by the slow rotation of an axially symmetric body partly immersed in each fluid. The surface of the body is assumed to be formed from two intersecting spheres, or a sphere and a circular disc, with the circle of intersection of the composite surfaces lying in th interface. It is shown that when the rotating body possesses reflection symmetry about the plane of the interface of the fluids, the velocity field in either fluid is independent of the viscosities of the fluids. The torque exerted on the body is then proportional to the sum of the viscosities. Analytic closed-form expressions are derived for the torque when the body is either a sphere, a circular disc, or a tangent-sphere dumbbell, and for a hemisphere rotating in an infinite homogeneous fluid. Closed-form results are also given for an immersed sphere, tangent to a free surface. For other geometrical configurations, numerical values of the torque are provided for a variety of body shapes and two-fluid systems of various viscosity ratios.
Stadium crowd counting method based on peer to peer network

The crowd base of the stadium can directly reflect the degree of congestion of the field, and counting, analyzing and evaluating the crowd through Internet artificial intelligence is helpful to improve the management performance of the stadium. The traditional stadium crowd counting is usually conducted by the administrator directly observing the number of athletes, or after the monitoring video rough counting, this kind of crowd counting is time-consuming and laborious, the accuracy is low, and it is hard to real-time accurately reflect the crowd density in the stadium and the management problems existing in the stadium in real time. Therefore, this thesis puts forward a stadium people counting method based on point-to-point network. First, Mosaic technology was used to improve the robustness of the subsequent detection model, and then yolov5 algorithm was used to obtain human head detection points, and improvements were made based on the point-to-point network model to increase the accuracy of people counting. VGG-19 network model was used to obtain the final count results for the key points of the head obtained through the point-to-point network. The experimental results on ShanghaiTech, UCF-QNRF_ECCV18, jhu_crowd_v2. 0 and NWPU data sets show that compared with the previous recognition and counting models, the average accuracy of counting has improved, and MAE reaches 55.74%, which can be effectively in a position to people counting in various scenes in the stadium.
The Feasibility of Detecting X-Ray Halos Due to Intergalactic “Cosmological” Gray Dust

Extinction due to large-diameter intergalactic gray (i.e., nonreddening) dust grains has been identified as a possible mechanism to explain the apparent systematic dimming of high-redshift Type Ia supernovae, an alternative hypothesis to the interpretation of this dimming as evidence of acceleration in the cosmological expansion of the universe. Detection of such dust grains could be achieved, in principle, through observations of the X-ray scattering halos surrounding high-redshift X-ray sources, produced by the intervening dust. I have calculated the expected intensity of such X-ray halos, as well as the halo intensity expected to result from Galactic dust; I find that the cosmological dust halo would be too faint to detect with current X-ray telescopes.
Visiting two objects in the field of the ring galaxy HRG 2302

Aims. We investigate the nature of two galaxies that are located in the field of the ring galaxy HRG 2302. Methods. This study is based on direct BVRI imaging and long-slit spectrophotometric data in the range of 4000−9500 A obtained with the 1.6 m telescope of the Observatorio do Pico dos Dias, Brazil. The spectra were used to determine the radial velocity. Results. The primary objective of the retrieval of the photometric data was to identify the fine structures of objects H and I. In addition, we performed image processing and made a photometric analysis to obtain the integrated standard BVRI magnitudes. The contour maps show evidence of material connecting both galaxies, suggesting that they might be interacting close companions. We estimated redshifts of z = 0.0689 and z = 0.0692. The spectra of the two galaxies resemble those of an early-type galaxy. The fact that the objects have a small radial-velocity difference and the structures around object I suggest an ongoing tidal interaction between the two galaxies. Conclusions. The H-I system seems to be composed of two early-type spiral galaxies (S0/Sa). Galaxy I shows evidence of tidal perturbation: an off-centered bulge, some material extending along the NE direction, and structures that have been enhanced by image filtering procedures. There are some dwarf objects around it. Neither object shows evidence of nuclear activity.
Stress and piezoelectric properties of aluminum nitride thin films deposited onto metal electrodes by pulsed direct current reactive sputtering

Polycrystalline aluminum nitride thin films were deposited onto platinum, aluminum, and titanium electrodes by reactive magnetron sputtering in the pulsed direct current mode. The films exhibited all a columnar microstructure and a c-axis texture. The built-in stress and the piezoelectric properties of these films were studied as a function of both the processing conditions and the electrode material. Stress was found to be very much dependent on the growth conditions, and values ranging from strong compression to high tension were observed. The piezoelectric d33,f coefficient was shown to rely on substrate quality and ionic bombardment: The nucleation surface must be stable with regard to the nitrogen plasma and present a hexagonal symmetry and, on the other hand, enough energy must be delivered to the growing film through ionic bombardment.
Analytical rheology of branched polymer melts: Identifying and resolving degenerate structures

Recently, a computational algorithm based on Bayesian data analysis was presented to invert the linear rheology of branched polymers [Shanbhag, S. , Rheol. Acta 49, 411–422 (2010)]. When rheological data of an unknown polymer mixture are supplied, the algorithm produces an exhaustive distribution of structures and compositions, consistent with the rheology. Frequently, it identifies multiple or degenerate structures. In this proof-of-concept paper, a resolution of the degeneracy is sought by appealing to the concept of combinatorial rheology [Larson, R. G. , Macromolecules 34, 4556–4571 (2001)], where the unknown sample is strategically blended with a well-characterized fraction. Experimental load is alleviated by identifying the optimal type, molecular weight, and composition of the polymer fraction to blend with the unknown sample, to discriminate between the degenerate structures, most conclusively. Two methods are proposed and tested on a particular mixture that is characterized by severe degeneracy. Bo.
Improved probabilistic method for power system dynamic stability studies

An improved probabilistic method using moments and cumulants of random variables for power system dynamic stability studies is presented. The uncertainties considered are system multioperating conditions derived from operating curves of load powers and generations. The generator state and nodal voltages are solved from a stochastic load flow calculation. By means of the first and second order eigenvalue sensitivity representation, moments and cumulants of eigenvalues are determined from the statistical characteristics of nodal voltages and nodal injections. Probabilistic densities and conditional probabilities of critical eigenvalues are calculated from the Gram-Charlier series. In this method, random variables can have an arbitrary distribution. Dependencies among random variables and the interaction between expectation and covariance are all considered. Examination on two test systems shows that the proposed method can relieve/improve the conflict between computing requirement and precision.
Surface plasmon resonance in conducting metal oxides

We report the initial observation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in a conducting metal oxide thin film. The SPR phenomenon has been observed by attenuated total reflection of near-infrared radiation and is in agreement with electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements. To date, only metals are known to exhibit surface plasmon resonance and only noble metals have practical application. According to theory SPR should be observable in any conductor. This theoretical prediction is verified in the present study. The compositions of many conducting metal oxides are systematically variable, suggesting a significant advance in thin film characterization and innovative possibilities for versatile and sensitive chemical sensing applications.We report the initial observation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in a conducting metal oxide thin film. The SPR phenomenon has been observed by attenuated total reflection of near-infrared radiation and is in agreement with electron energy loss spectroscopy measurements. To date, only metals are known to exhibit surface plasmon resonance and only noble metals have practical application. According to theory SPR should be observable in any conductor. This theoretical prediction is verified in the present study. The compositions of many conducting metal oxides are systematically variable, suggesting a significant advance in thin film characterization and innovative possibilities for versatile and sensitive chemical sensing applications.
Applications of boundary integral equation methods for two‐dimensional non‐linear water wave problems

On the basis of the integral equation approach, numerical algorithms for solving non-linear water wave problem are presented. The free surface flow is assumed to be irrotational. Two different Green functions are used in the integral equations. The non-linear free surface boundary conditions are treated by a time-stepping Lagrangian technique. Several numerical examples are given, including permanent periodic waves, overturning progressive waves, breaking standing waves and sloshing problems.
High efficiency surface-conducted field emission from a ZnO nanotetrapod and MgO nanoparticle composite emitter

We report a surface-conducted field emitter made of a ZnO nanotetrapod and MgO nanoparticle composites with a high emission efficiency (∼100%) and current (3.77 mA at a gate voltage of 100 V and anode voltage of 1800 V). The fabrications of the triode structure with a 10×10pixel array and corresponding driving method have been proposed. The electron trajectories are simulated according to the structure. Individual pixel addressing can be achieved by a sequential scanning mode. Display of moving images employing this triode structure was demonstrated. The results are of significance to the development of ZnO based triode field emitters.
Could the Laws of Nature Change?*

After reviewing several failed arguments that laws cannot change, I use the laws’ special relation to counterfactuals to show how temporary laws would have to differ from eternal but time‐dependent laws. Then I argue that temporary laws are impossible and that neither Lewis’s nor Armstrong’s analyses of law nicely accounts for the laws’ immutability.
A point matching method in photogrammetry for microwave antenna with nonmetric cameras

A point matching method in photogrammetry for microwave antenna with non-metric cameras is presented. The method with coded points and epipolar constrain is described. To solve the point matching in large measurement range, the idea of the dividing area is presented. The circular coded points as identifiers are used to identify different subareas, and subarea matching is preformed. Then, the measured points are matched with epipolar constraint in each subarea of left and right images. In order to reduce the influence of lens distortion to epipolar constraint, a control points grid as frame of reference is used to correct all image points using a distortion model. Experimental result indicates that this method is valid and reliable to reduce data processing time, and to improve image matching veracity and automatic degree. The points matching ratio is 100%. This method has provided one excellent solution for point matching problem in large object photogrammetry with non-metric cameras.
On the Metrics of Rigid Body Displacements for Infinite and Finite Bodies

This paper presents a critical analysis of the metric of rigid body displacements obtained from the so-called kinematic mapping. It is shown that this metric is not suitable for finite rigid bodies. The paper also addresses the metrics obtained for the planar group, as it can be regarded as a subgroup of the group of all rigid body displacements, which is denoted here as the Euclidean group. Finally, the paper proposes some metrics for the set of spatial and planar displacements for a finite rigid body, undergoing a finite displacement.
Enhanced locality sensitive discriminant analysis for image recognition

An improved manifold learning method, called enhanced locality sensitive discriminant analysis (ELSDA), for image recognition is proposed. Motivated by the fact that statistically uncorrelated and parameter-free are two desirable and promising characteristics for feature extraction, a new difference-based optimisation objective function with uncorrelated constraint for appearance-based image recognition has been designed. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.
A Comparison of REML and Covariance Adjustment Method in the Estimation of Growth Curve Models

The classical growth curve model is considered when one continuous characteristic is measured at q time points. The covariance adjusted estimator of growth curve parameters is the OLS estimator adjusted using analysis of covariance. The covariates are obtained from functions of within individuals error contrasts. On the other hand, REML estimators emerge from maximization of the likelihood of OLS residuals. We compare the efficiency of estimators of growth curve parameters obtained by REML with that of covariance-adjusted least squares estimators with covariates selected via CAIC.
Selection rules of Raman scattering by optical phonons in strained cubic crystals

Strain characterization of materials through Raman spectroscopy often requires the optical phonon wave vector to be in directions other than those of the strain-modified phonon eigenvectors. As a result, the observed mode frequencies are mixtures of the strain-modified eigenfrequencies. The selection rules for such generalized scattering configurations are derived here for the strained zincblende-diamond family crystals. The formulation is based on the relative magnitude of the LO-TO and the strain-induced splittings. The results are important for the analysis of strain-modified Raman lineshapes and of “forbidden” lines. Specific examples are worked out in detail for externally stressed bulk crystals (90° scattering geometry), and for [001], [111], and [110] strained heterojunctions (backscattering under oblique incidence and/or detection).
The New Haseman‐Elston Method and the Weighted Pairwise Correlation Statistic Are Variations on the Same Theme

Model free linkage analysis of quantitative traits has become increasingly popular in recent years. Its basic idea is to use the principle of similarity: Sib pairs that are genetically (dis)similar at a linked marker should be phenotypically (dis)similar and vice versa. The classical Haseman-Elston method, the new Haseman-Elston (nHE) method and the weighted pairwise correlation (WPC) method follow this principle. Similarities and differences between these approaches are discussed. It is proven that the nHE and the WPC statistic are identical under specific regularity conditions. It is furthermore demonstrated that the nHE and the WPC method are expected to yield similar results for a broad range of models. Finally, it is shown that it is impossible to a priori determine whether the nHE method or the WPC method has greater power to detect linkage under general genetic models.
A Test of Graphicacy in Children

A test of graphicacy was developed, administered to third- through fifth- grade schoolchildren, and scored using the Rasch model with Gustafsson's conditional maximum likelihood estimation meth od. After removing children with scores at or below chance, the model fit well. It was found that of the four types of displays used (tables, line charts, bar charts, pie charts), the line chart was inferior to the others, which were all equal. There was some in teraction between the kind of question asked and the display technique. Third-grade children were much poorer at reading graphs than fourth- or fifth- grade children, but the differences between these latter two groups were modest.
Alternative Vibration Protecting Systems for Men-Operators of Transport Machines: Modern Level and Prospects

Abstract The up-to-date level and a few of the prospects are considered in transport biomechanical vibration protection systems. An experimental estimation of the maximum capabilities of traditional vibration protecting mechanisms (VPMs) used in driver seats is given. Some of the points of synthesis and research for the adaptive VPMs, called mechanisms of elastic links with small stiffness (ELSS-mechanisms) are presented. They contain a novel object of control: non-linear elastic elements with variable torsion “negative” stiffness (TNS). These TNS-elements help to optimize VPMs according to certain criteria and give them invariant structural and functional properties. Some experimental results are presented, and they correspond well with theoretical predictions. An approach is demonstrated for grade of quality of vibration protection of the men-operators of land unsuspended machines and pilots of helicopters.
The Effects of Mountains on the General Circulation of the Atmosphere as Identified by Numerical Experiments

Abstract In order to identify the effects of mountains upon the general circulation of the atmosphere, a set of numerical experiments is performed by use of a general circulation model developed at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory of NOAA. The numerical time integrations of the model are performed with and without the effects of mountains. By comparing the structure of the model atmospheres that emerged from these two numerical experiments, it is possible to discuss the role of mountains in maintaining the stationary and transient disturbances in the atmosphere. The model adopted for this study has a global computational domain and covers both the troposphere and stratosphere. For the computation of radiative transfer, the distribution of incoming solar radiation in January is assumed. Over the ocean, the observed distribution of the sea surface temperature of February is assumed as a lower boundary condition of the model. Over the continental surface, temperature is determined such that the cond.