Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phosphoproteome Profiling of SH-SY5y Neuroblastoma Cells Treated with Anesthetics: Sevoflurane and Isoflurane Affect the Phosphorylation of Proteins Involved in Cytoskeletal Regulation

Inhalation anesthetics are used to decrease the spinal cord transmission of painful stimuli. However, the molecular or biochemical processes within cells that regulate anesthetic-induced responses at the cellular level are largely unknown. Here, we report the phosphoproteome profile of SH-SY5y human neuroblastoma cells treated with sevoflurane, a clinically used anesthetic. Phosphoproteins were isolated from cell lysates and analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The phosphorylation of putative anesthetic-responsive marker proteins was validated using western blot analysis in cells treated with both sevoflurane and isoflurane. A total of 25 phosphoproteins were identified as differentially phosphorylated proteins. These included key regulators that signal cytoskeletal remodeling steps in pathways related to vesicle trafficking, axonal growth, and cell migration. These proteins included the Rho GTPase, Ras-GAP SH3 binding protein, Rho GTPase activating protein, actin-related protein, and actin. Sevoflurane and isoflurane also resulted in the dissolution of F-actin fibers in SH-SY5y cells. Our results show that anesthetics affect the phosphorylation of proteins involved in cytoskeletal remodeling pathways.
Organization of the ascending striatal afferents in monkeys

Horseradish peroxidase was injected in various parts of the caudate nucleus and the putamen of monkeys to ascertain the relative locations of striatal projecting cells in the mesencephalon. The nigrostriatal component, as expected, is the greatest but numerous cells of the mesencephalic raphe system also project to the striatum. The projections from the pars compacta are organized in a topographical manner in all principal planes. The rostral two thirds of the substantia nigra are related to the head of the caudate nucleus. Nigral neurons projecting to the putamen are more posteriorly located and display an anteroposterior topography. The medial two thirds of the pars compacta send efferents to the head of the caudate nucleus from ventromedial to laterodorsal regions, reflecting a mediolateral topographical relationship. An inverse relationship exists dorsoventrally between nigra and caudate so that ventral compacta cells project to dorsal caudate and the dorsally situated neurons project to ventral‐ventro‐medial caudate regions. The dorsal and lateral parts of the putamen are more intimately related to the lateral and posterior nigra; by contrast, the ventral and ventromedial putamen receives more afferents from medial and central regions of the substantia nigra. A large group of cells in the tegmentum dorsal and medial to the medial lemniscus shows continuity with the pars compacta, and has similar connections with the striatum. This cell group should be included with the pars compacta. Significant overlap exists between the projection fields in all planes, making the nigrostriatal topographical organization seem less than precise. This apparent lack of point‐to‐point reciprocity may be due to the considerable size difference between the striatum and the substantia nigra. The raphe nuclei project to the greater part of the striatum but more significantly to its ventral and medial regions. The paranigral cell group sends its efferents mainly to the ventral striatum.
Treatment of depression in people who have multiple sclerosis

Depression is common among people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Research suggests that treatments for depression are effective in this population, though few patients appear to access these treatments. Our objectives were to consider whether persons with MS and significant depressive symptoms, prompted to seek treatment by letter, did so, what professionals they consulted, and the benefits of any treatment obtained. A total of 495 individuals with MS (401 female; 94 male), aged 22-65 years (mean: 45.8 years), were surveyed in three phases at yearly intervals. Significant depressive symptoms were found over the three phases (50-60.2%). Despite a high prevalence of depressive symptoms, few participants sought treatment, even though prompted to do so. Where treatment was sought, general practitioners remained the principal group consulted. Contrary to previous reports of the efficacy of treatment in clinical trials, no strong support for this was found. Future research needs to consider why the majority of people with MS do not seek treatment for depression, and why interventions, which are not clinical trials, seem to lack effectiveness. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 632-635. http://msj.sagepub. com
A Mobile Chinese Character Image Recognition Platform

People may have difficulty in reading Chinese books because there always exist some unfamiliar Chinese characters, so it would be valuable if an application can help users including foreigners to learn them. This paper presents a platform based on mobile devices for helping people to recognize the unfamiliar characters at any time or any place. Firstly, we collect various dataset of Chinese characters to build a complete character set, then create the image library according to that set by segmenting. Secondly, the so-called GIST and SIFT features are extracted from the image library to establish feature library. To improve the recognition performance, we filter the SIFT feature points of similar images obtained by GIST feature matching. Finally, compress the storage of GIST and SIFT descriptors to accommodate mobile platform with Similarity Sensitive Coding (SSC) algorithm. At the stage of recognition, the high-dimensional indexing algorithm is applied in finding the top k Chinese characters similar to the image of unfamiliar character by GIST feature, which has the strong versatility and the extension malleability. Then these characters are reordered by SIFT feature matching. The final recognition result is based on the locations of each character in GIST and SIFT matching result respectively. We apply that algorithm in Android platform. It shows great performance in recognition and gives smooth experience to users.
Effects of Citrus junos by-products fermented with multistrain probiotics on growth performance, immunity, caecal microbiology and meat oxidative stability in broilers

Abstract 1. The present study was conducted to develop Citrus junos probiotics (CJP), using by-products of Citrus junos fermented with multispecies probiotic bacteria including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis. The effects of dietary CJP on the growth performance, immune status, caecal microbiology and meat oxidative stability of broiler were investigated. 2. A total of 240 one-day-old Ross broiler chicks were used in a 35-d experiment in which the chicks were randomly allotted to one of the 4 dietary treatments (0, 5, 10 and 20 g CJP/kg diet) in a completely randomised design. 3. Dietary supplementation of 5 g/kg CJP significantly increased body weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broiler during the overall experimental period. 4. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)M concentration was significantly increased by 10 and 20 g/kg CJP, whereas the IgG and IgA concentration remained unaffected. In addition, 20 g/kg CJP significantly inhibited proliferation of Escherichia coli without affecting the concentration of Lactobacillus or Bacillus spp. 5. A significant reduction in the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values of breast and thigh meat was observed in response to increasing concentration of dietary CJP. 6. Thus, the results suggest that CJP up to a concentration of 20 g/kg can be used in the diet of broilers to improve immunity and to reduce caecal E. coli and TBARS values of breast and thigh meat without any adverse effects on growth performance.
Booms, Busts and Retirement Timing

type="main" xml:id="ecca12133-abs-0001"> Cyclical fluctuations—which affect both asset and labour markets—can have an ambiguous effect on retirement. We explore this empirically using data from the British Household Panel Survey, exploiting small area geographic identifiers to match local house prices, earnings and unemployment to respondents. We match stock prices via the date of interview. Our results show little evidence of any positive wealth effects despite large spatial and temporal variations in asset prices over the period analysed. We find more response to local labour market conditions—increases in unemployment are associated with earlier retirement, while increases in wages delay retirement.
Experimental verification of bias reduction in TDOA based localization

In this paper, we verify a bias reduction algorithm proposed earlier through experiments. The accuracy of localization systems are influenced by many factors. Our focus is to improve the performance of localization systems by reducing the estimation bias. Many algorithms have been proposed to reduce bias, however, only simulation results are presented which only demonstrate the algorithms with ideal or generated synthetic data, so their performance in practical situation is unknown. To address this problem we conducted real-world experiments. The experimental data is obtained from a TDOA based localization system developed using Software Defined Radios. The results demonstrate that the proposed bias reduction algorithm can reduce the bias effectively, thus greatly enhancing the localization accuracy of the system.
A New Watermarking Scheme Based on Two Chaotic Maps

In this paper, we propose a new watermarking method base on chaotic maps of Arnold and Logistic. The map of Arnold is used to permute the image and Logistic map is used as the second key to XOR the sequence produced from the Arnold map. Furthermore, the traditional binary embedding watermark sequence is generalized in our scheme, which makes the watermark embedding more flexible and convenient. Experiment shows that the proposed watermarking approach is feasible and robust to common signal processing procedures. In addition, it exhibits more security than other watermarking methods using only one chaotic map.
GWAPs: Games with a problem

Games with a purpose (gwaps) are expensive and challenging to create, yet are touted as a cure-all for getting people to do uninteresting and repetitive tasks in exchange for fun and entertainment. Not only are poorly-executed gwaps ineffective for their purposes, but they can potentially undermine future gwaps by burning out players and discouraging potential gwap supporters and investors. The goal of this paper is to challenge the role of gwaps as tools for disguising boring work as entertainment. We discuss recommendations for future gwap designs that are informed both by commercial game design and by parallel developments in paid crowd work.
Discourse marker use in task-oriented spoken dialog \lambda

Discourse markers, also known as clue words, are used extensively in human-human task-oriented dialogs to signal the structure of the discourse. Previous work showed their importance in monologs and social conversations for marking discourse structure, but little attention has been paid to their importance in spoken dialog systems. This paper investigates what discourse markers signal about the upcoming speech, and when they tend to be used in task-oriented dialog. We demonstrate that there is a high correlation between specific discourse markers and specific conversational moves, between discourse marker use and adjacency pairs, and between discourse markers and the speaker''s orientation to information presented in the prior turn. We limit our analysis to turn-initial discourse markers and discover new patterns in their interaction with phenomena specific to dialog.
Flexible materials in Avango/spl trade/ virtual environment framework

We describe a system for real-time simulation of linear elastic deformations of volumetric objects in virtual environments, implemented in Avango VE framework [T. H. Avocado (1999)]. The approach makes use of the methods of finite and boundary elements and precomputed Green's functions, and supports real-time interactive deformations of large elastic models, containing more than 10,000 volumetric nodes, at the graphics update rate 85fps.
Anger Experience and Expression Among Male Dating Violence Perpetrators During Anger Arousal

The relationship between dating violence and anger experience and expression were investigatedin samples of 17 men who reported at least one incident of physical aggression toward afemale dating partner (DV) and of 16 men who reported a nonviolent interaction history (NV). Participants completed the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) and performed thearticulated thoughts during simulated situations (ATSS) paradigm while listening to anger-arousingaudiotapes. Participants' thought articulations were coded for anger-related affect,other negative emotions, and aggressive verbalizations. Results indicated that relative to NVmen, DV men scored significantly higher on STAXI Trait Anger, Anger In, and Anger Out scalesand lower on STAXI Anger Control. DV men articulated more aggressive verbalizations duringATSS anger arousal than did NV men. However, the groups did not differ on the number of angryverbalizations. The findings are interpreted in the context of social learning theories of partnerviolence.
Broadening the Agenda Around What Works for Black and Asian Offenders

As a result of concerns about the relatively narrow focus of proposed pathfinder programmes intended to address black and Asian offenders, the authors revisit theories and evidence relating to empowerment models. They argue that programme material which explicitly addresses the social and cultural context within which offending occurs might better engage black and Asian offenders and others who, it is argued, may find it difficult to relate to more established problemsolving approaches.
The Role of Race and Poverty in Access to Foods That Enable Individuals to Adhere to Dietary Guidelines

Introduction The increase in obesity and disparities in obesity and related chronic diseases across racial and ethnic and income groups have led researchers to focus on the social and environmental factors that influence dietary intake. The question guiding the current study was whether all communities have equal access to foods that enable individuals to make healthy dietary choices. Methods We conducted audits of community supermarkets and fast food restaurants to assess location and availability of food choices that enable individuals to meet the dietary guidelines established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (e.g., fruit and vegetable consumption, low-fat options). We used 2000 census data to assess the racial distribution and the percentage of individuals living below the federal poverty level in a defined area of St Louis, Mo. Spatial clustering of supermarkets and fast food restaurants was determined using a spatial scan statistic. Results The spatial distribution of fast food restaurants and supermarkets that provide options for meeting recommended dietary intake differed according to racial distribution and poverty rates. Mixed-race or white high-poverty areas and all African American areas (regardless of income) were less likely than predominantly white higher-income communities to have access to foods that enable individuals to make healthy choices. Conclusion Without access to healthy food choices, individuals cannot make positive changes to their diets. If certain eating behaviors are required to reduce chronic disease and promote health, then some communities will continue to have disparities in critical health outcomes unless we increase access to healthy food.
In Perpetual Beta? On the Participatory Design of Facebook Games

This paper proposes a new way of looking into the „sociality‟ of social (network) games. On the basis of looking closely at the development of Frontierville, a popular Facebook game, and more abstractly at the development of its fellow Zynga Facebook-based games (such as Farmville or Cityville), we argue that various network-based forms of participatory design are increasingly becoming both influential and indispensable in social (network) based game design than ever before. Although participatory design in gaming is not new, the way in which participatory design is being used in social (network) games is new, giving the player a greater and more immediate role in the game design than ever before. Whether this is for better or worse, this form of participation fostered by the structure of social networks has allowed social (network) game players to become much more powerful than previous in their relationship to the game industry.
Three Worlds: new directions in participant development in sport and physical activity

The twin challenges of inactivity and the 2012 Olympics have tightened the focus in UK sport promotion. However, the twin track approach which treats these challenges as distinct concerns may limit the efficacy of interventions in either area. We propose that a continuum between participation, performance sport and elite achievement represents the most efficacious and logical focus for practitioners and researchers alike. We explore the genesis of this, and other problematic features through critical consideration of key theories. Finally, we propose a multidimensional approach to lifelong sport and activity participation as a theoretically justified basis for research and intervention design.
Genetic and environmental influences on vocabulary IQ: parental education level as moderator.

This article examines how parental education level moderates the genetic and environmental contributions to variation in verbal IQ. Data are from 1909 non-Hispanic Whites and African American sibling pairs from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, which obtained nationally-based samples of identical (MZ) twins, fraternal (DZ) twins, full and half siblings, cousins (in the same household), and biologically unrelated siblings. In the whole sample, the variance estimate for heritability (h2 = .57, SE = .08) was greater than that for shared environment (c2 = .13, SE = .04). Both heritability and the shared environmental estimate were moderated, however, by level of parental education. Specifically, among more highly educated families, the average h2 = . 74 (SE = .10) and the average c2 = . 00 (SE = .05). Conversely, among less well-educated families, heritability decreased and shared environmental influences increased, yielding similar proportions of variance explained by genetic and environmental factors, average h2 = . 26 (SE = .15), and average c2 = . 23 (SE = .07).
Recent Advances in Our Understanding of HLA-G Biology: Lessons from a Wide Spectrum of Human Diseases

HLA-G is a HLA-class Ib molecule with potent immunomodulatory activities, which is expressed in physiological conditions, where modulation of the immune response is required to avoid allograft recognition (i.e., maternal-fetal interface or transplanted patients). However, HLA-G can be expressed de novo at high levels in several pathological conditions, including solid and hematological tumors and during microbial or viral infections, leading to the impairment of the immune response against tumor cells or pathogens, respectively. On the other hand, the loss of HLA-G mediated control of the immune responses may lead to the onset of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, caused by an uncontrolled activation of the immune effector cells. Here, we have reviewed novel findings on HLA-G functions in different physiological and pathological settings, which have been published in the last two years. These studies further confirmed the important role of this molecule in the modulation of the immune system.
Queuing delay aware path selection algorithm as extension to OSPF

OSPF — Open Shortest Path First is an intra domain routing protocol used to find the shortest path from source to destination. OSPF is one of the most widely used link state routing algorithm which uses hop count as the only parameter to find the shortest path. Provisioning of QoS to OSPF will effectively improve the performance of the network. Some of the QoS parameters that can be considered are bandwidth, delay etc. This work proposes extension to OSPF by considering one of the QoS parameter queuing delay. The modified version of path selection algorithm will consider hop count and queuing delay while finding routes in IP network. The link advertisement mechanisms of OSPF and Dijkstra's algorithm are retained so that minimum changes will be done to the existing algorithm. Results shows there is decrease in queuing delay by 10 to 40% over existing OSPF. Also we observed that the queuing load is distributed equally among all the nodes in the network.
Cultural Contexts of Domestic and Juvenile Violence: A Cross-Cultural Perspective from Germany, Turkey and Norway

The use of violence by parents in child rearing and acts of juvenile violence, which are often intertwined, up to the present day represent serious developmental, cultural and practical challenges, although the rates of domestic violence show a slight decrease in many European countries. This study examines three selected countries, Norway, Germany and Turkey, on the extent to which experiences of domestic violence and harsh parenting are associated with juvenile violence. For this purpose, 386 German, 386 Turkish and 322 Norwegian juveniles (aged 13 to 20 years) were interviewed at schools in Magdeburg, Germany (in the former GDR), Kayseri (Turkey), and Oslo and TA¶nsberg (Norway) from June 2001 to April 2002, using a standardised questionnaire with 5-point Likert-rating scales. The scales measured maternal violence within the home, family climate, personal and familial risks and variables of juvenile violence (e.g., acceptance of violence, perpetrating violence, and victimisation). The results of this cross-cultural study show significant differences between the three countries examined here regarding both active juvenile violence and the acceptance of violence. Furthermore, both the experience of domestic violence as well as the climate within the family unit points out remarkable differences. Lastly, the results of multiple regression analyses reveals that the proposed model, in which maternal domestic violence, irritability and gender were the predictors of juvenile violence, could explain a great range of variance, especially among German juveniles.
Effects of communication on social knowledge: Sharing reality with individual versus group audiences†

After communicators have tuned their description of another person's behaviors to suit their audience's attitude toward that person, their subsequent memory of the target person's behaviors is often evaluatively biased in the direction of the audience's attitude. Existing research, which has mainly focused on communication with individuals as the audi- ence, indicates two conditions for the occurrence of this audience-congruent memory bias: (a) the bias occurs when communicators actually produce a message for their audience, but not when they merely know their audience's attitude and do not produce a message; and (b) the bias depends on whether communicators experience a high (vs. low) shared reality with their audience, specifically, high (vs. low) epistemic trust in their audience's judgment. The present experiment shows that increasing epistemic trust in the audience by other means can compensate for the lack of message production. When the audience was a single individual, the bias was found only when there was actual message production. When the audience was a group (three addressees with the same attitude), the bias was found without the need for actual message production. Consistent with a shared-reality account, participants indicated higher epistemic trust in the group audience than in the individual audience.