Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating health promotion programs

Evaluating Health PromotionWorkplace Health Promotion ProgramsPlanning, Implementing, and Evaluating Health Promotion ProgramsEvaluation in a NutshellEvaluating Health PromotionDevelopmental EvaluationCommunity Health Education and PromotionHealth Program ManagementEvaluation of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention ProgramsDeveloping Health Promotion ProgramsMeasurement and Evaluation for Health EducatorsPlanning, Implementing, and Evaluating Health Promotion ProgramsEvaluating Worksite Health PromotionUtilization-Focused EvaluationPlanning, Implementing, and Evaluating Health Promotion ProgramsHealth Behavior and Health EducationIntegrating Employee HealthWorksite Health PromotionPlanning, Implementing, and Evaluating Health Promotion ProgramsAssessment and Planning in Health ProgramsHealth Promotion ProgramsEvaluating Health Promotion ProgramsPlanning for Effective Health Promotion EvaluationTackling Climate Change Through LivestockEvaluating Obesity Prevention EffortsHealth Promotion Evaluation Practices in the AmericasEvaluating Health Promotion ProgramsThe Practice of Health Program EvaluationNeeds and Capacity Assessment Strategies for Health Education and Health PromotionChallenges in Program Evaluation of Health Interventions in Developing CountriesEvaluating Public and Community Health ProgramsHealth Program Planning and Evaluation: A Practical, Systematic Approach for Community HealthPlanning, Implementing, and Evaluating Health Promotion ProgramsEvaluating Health Promotion ProgramsEvaluation in a NutshellEvaluating Health Promotion ProgramsThe Enterprise Big Data LakeEvaluating Health Promotion ProgramsEvaluation of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention ProgramsHow to Evaluate Workplace Health Promotion Programs
Inflation and deflation pressure-volume loops in anesthetized pinnipeds confirms compliant chest and lungs

We examined structural properties of the marine mammal respiratory system, and tested Scholander's hypothesis that the chest is highly compliant by measuring the mechanical properties of the respiratory system in five species of pinniped under anesthesia (Pacific harbor seal, Phoca vitulina; northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris; northern fur seal Callorhinus ursinus; California sea lion, Zalophus californianus; and Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus). We found that the chest wall compliance (CCW) of all five species was greater than lung compliance (airways and alveoli, CL) as predicted by Scholander, which suggests that the chest provides little protection against alveolar collapse or lung squeeze. We also found that specific respiratory compliance was significantly greater in wild animals than in animals raised in an aquatic facility. While differences in ages between the two groups may affect this incidental finding, it is also possible that lung conditioning in free-living animals may increase pulmonary compliance and reduce the risk of lung squeeze during diving. Overall, our data indicate that compliance of excised pinniped lungs provide a good estimate of total respiratory compliance.
Automatic video based target tracking with auto swapping and compression technique

Traditional surveillance systems employ static camera assignment to the CCTV operators and automatic processors. Through experiments, it show that this results in under-utilization of the resources as the workload varies over time The workload model is to dynamically change the camera-to-processor assignment to equalize workload Two methods are proposed (IDAS and Spiral) and their performance is compared with the earlier method (DAS). All dynamic load sharing methods provide better equalization than static methods. Usual streaming of entire videos, which could not able to identify the target object Processor capacity is chosen to meet the timing requirement. In this paper, we model the target detection has automatic with the help of the processor and storing the movement of the target in the form of frames and images. This image is converted from the video captured by the web cams connected with the system. Due to the conversion of videos to frames more space to store the videos is reduces. This will help us to monitor and capture the videos of a particular target without any distraction. This paper will also demonstrate the auto swapping and compression technique. Experimental results show that the proposed model successfully captures the variability of the target tracking, and that the automatic target tracking provides better result than the dynamic load sharing methods.
Self-converging camera arrays: Models and realization

The models of parallel camera arrays and converged camera arrays were built in this paper. Then The differences between two kinds of camera arrays in horizontal parallax and vertical parallax were analyzed. And the shooting distance threshold of converged camera arrays was obtained. In order to identify the result, the self-converging camera array, which can converge and focus automatically, was designed. Through analyzing the videos and images taken with the self-converging camera array in two different methods, we identified that the shooting distance threshold of converged camera arrays is 8m. This conclusion is instructive for the research on the acquisition of stereo images.
A Correlational Study: The Relationship Between Physical Activity Levels, Physical Self-Worth, and Global Self-Worth in High School Physical Education Students

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS, PHYSICAL SELF-WORTH, AND GLOBAL SELF-WORTH: A CORRELATION STUDY Ashley Eyre Department of Exercise Sciences Master of Science The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity levels, physical self-worth, and its sub-domains; (a) skill, (b) body attractiveness, (c) fitness and conditioning, and (d) strength, and overall global self-worth in high school students. One-hundred and sixty-seven high school students (male = 66; female = 101) from the western United States, ages 13-18, participated in this study. Each participant completed a minimum of four days of physical activity data collection and completed the self-worth questionnaire. Pedometers were used to collect physical activity levels, calculating mean step counts, and the Children and Youth Physical SelfPerception Profile (CY-PSPP) was used to determine physical self-worth (PSW) and global self-worth (GSW) scores. Results showed a positive relationship between physical self-worth and physical activity (r = 0.19, p < 0.01), with no relationship shown between physical activity and GSW. Physical activity level was significantly correlated with skill and body attractiveness (p < .02). Quartile analyses of mean step count confirmed a significantly higher PSW in the top three quartiles compared to the bottom quartile. In summary, this study found that physical activity is positively associated with PSW and its two sub-domains of body attractiveness and skill, but physical activity did not show a significant relationship with GSW.
Substance P and bradykinin activate different types of KCa currents to hyperpolarize cultured porcine coronary artery endothelial cells

1 Substance P and bradykinin, endothelium‐dependent vasodilators of pig coronary artery, trigger in endothelial cells a rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and membrane hyperpolarization. The aim of the present study was to determine the type of Ca2+‐dependent K+ (KCa) currents underlying the endothelial cell hyperpolarization. 2 The substance P‐induced increase in [Ca2+]i was 30 % smaller than that induced by bradykinin, although the two peptides triggered a membrane hyperpolarization of the same amplitude. The two agonists evoked a large outward K+ current of the same conductance at maximal stimulation. Agonists applied together produced the same maximal current amplitude as either one applied alone. 3 Iberiotoxin (50 nM) reduced by about 40 % the K+ current activated by bradykinin without modifying the substance P response. Conversely, apamin (1 μm) inhibited the substance P‐induced K+ current by about 65 %, without affecting the bradykinin response. Similar results were obtained on peptide‐induced membrane hyperpolarization. 4 Bradykinin‐induced, but not substance P‐induced, endothelium‐dependent relaxation resistant to NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine and indomethacin was partly inhibited by 3 μm 17‐octadecynoic acid (17‐ODYA), an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase. Similarly, the bradykinin‐induced K+ current was reduced by 17‐ODYA. 5 Our results show that responses to substance P and bradykinin result in a hyperpolarization due to activation of different KCa currents. A current consistent with the activation of large conductance (BKCa) channels was activated only by bradykinin, whereas a current consistent with the activation of small conductance (SKCa) channels was stimulated only by substance P. The observation that a similar electrical response is produced by different pools of channels implies distinct intracellular pathways leading to KCa current activation.
Convergence of parvocellular and magnocellular information channels in the primary visual cortex of the macaque

We investigated whether responses of single cells in the striate cortex of anaesthetized macaque monkeys exhibit signatures of both parvocellular (P) and magnocellular (M) inputs from the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN). We used a palette of 128 isoluminant hues at four different saturation levels to test responses to chromatic stimuli against a white background. Spectral selectivity with these isoluminant stimuli was taken as an indication of P inputs. The presence of magnocellular inputs to a given cortical cell was deduced from its responses to a battery of tests, including assessment of achromatic contrast sensitivity, relative strengths of chromatic and luminance borders in driving the cell at different velocities and conduction velocity of their retino‐geniculo‐cortical afferents. At least a quarter of the cells in our cortical sample appear to receive convergent P and M inputs. We cannot however, exclude the possibility that some of these cells could be receiving a convergent input from the third parallel channel from the dLGN, namely the koniocellular (K) rather than the P channel. The neurons with convergent P and M inputs were recorded not only from supragranular and infragranular layers but also from the principal geniculate input recipient layer 4. Thus, our results challenge classical ideas of strict parallelism between different information streams at the level of the primate striate cortex.
Acellular pertussis vaccines protect against disease but fail to prevent infection and transmission in a nonhuman primate model

Significance Pertussis has reemerged as an important public health concern since current acellular pertussis vaccines (aP) replaced older whole-cell vaccines (wP). In this study, we show nonhuman primates vaccinated with aP were protected from severe symptoms but not infection and readily transmitted Bordetella pertussis to contacts. Vaccination with wP and previous infection induced a more rapid clearance compared with naïve and aP-vaccinated animals. While all groups possessed robust antibody responses, key differences in T-cell memory suggest that aP vaccination induces a suboptimal immune response that is unable to prevent infection. These data provide a plausible explanation for pertussis resurgence and suggest that attaining herd immunity will require the development of improved vaccination strategies that prevent B. pertussis colonization and transmission. Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by the bacterial pathogen Bordetella pertussis. Pertussis rates in the United States have been rising and reached a 50-y high of 42,000 cases in 2012. Although pertussis resurgence is not completely understood, we hypothesize that current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines fail to prevent colonization and transmission. To test our hypothesis, infant baboons were vaccinated at 2, 4, and 6 mo of age with aP or whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccines and challenged with B. pertussis at 7 mo. Infection was followed by quantifying colonization in nasopharyngeal washes and monitoring leukocytosis and symptoms. Baboons vaccinated with aP were protected from severe pertussis-associated symptoms but not from colonization, did not clear the infection faster than naïve animals, and readily transmitted B. pertussis to unvaccinated contacts. Vaccination with wP induced a more rapid clearance compared with naïve and aP-vaccinated animals. By comparison, previously infected animals were not colonized upon secondary infection. Although all vaccinated and previously infected animals had robust serum antibody responses, we found key differences in T-cell immunity. Previously infected animals and wP-vaccinated animals possess strong B. pertussis-specific T helper 17 (Th17) memory and Th1 memory, whereas aP vaccination induced a Th1/Th2 response instead. The observation that aP, which induces an immune response mismatched to that induced by natural infection, fails to prevent colonization or transmission provides a plausible explanation for the resurgence of pertussis and suggests that optimal control of pertussis will require the development of improved vaccines.
Types of Cloud Based On Service Delivery 1 . 3 . 1 Software as a Service :

Cloud computing has evolved over the years in providing various services to the end users. The cloud features makes it acceptable by the industries in leveraging most of its applications in to the cloud. Security concerns exist in most cloud platforms and are prone to various attacks. This paper focuses on various security mechanisms that are provided in the enterprises and also discusses few of the common security mechanisms like authentication, authorization, encryption and access control. The methods deployed within each security mechanisms are also analyzed.
Multidimensional annotation of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome

The annotation of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome in the EcoCyc database is one of the most accurate, complete and multidimensional genome annotations. Of the 4460 E. coli genes, EcoCyc assigns biochemical functions to 76%, and 66% of all genes had their functions determined experimentally. EcoCyc assigns E. coli genes to Gene Ontology and to MultiFun. Seventy-five percent of gene products contain reviews authored by the EcoCyc project that summarize the experimental literature about the gene product. EcoCyc information was derived from 15 000 publications. The database contains extensive descriptions of E. coli cellular networks, describing its metabolic, transport and transcriptional regulatory processes. A comparison to genome annotations for other model organisms shows that the E. coli genome contains the most experimentally determined gene functions in both relative and absolute terms: 2941 (66%) for E. coli, 2319 (37%) for Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1816 (5%) for Arabidopsis thaliana, 1456 (4%) for Mus musculus and 614 (4%) for Drosophila melanogaster. Database queries to EcoCyc survey the global properties of E. coli cellular networks and illuminate the extent of information gaps for E. coli, such as dead-end metabolites. EcoCyc provides a genome browser with novel properties, and a novel interactive display of transcriptional regulatory networks.
A Prospective, Randomized Study of Goal-Oriented Hemodynamic Therapy in Cardiac Surgical Patients

Organ dysfunction and multiple organ failure are the main causes of prolonged hospital stay after cardiac surgery, which increases resource use and health care costs. Increased levels of oxygen delivery and consumption are associated with improved outcome in different groups of postoperative patients. Cardiac surgical patients are at risk of inadequate perioperative oxygen delivery caused by extracorporeal circulation and limited cardiovascular reserves. The purpose of our study was to test whether increasing oxygen delivery immediately after cardiac surgery would shorten hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Four hundred three elective cardiac surgical patients were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to either the control or the protocol group. Goals of the protocol group were to maintain Svo2 >70% and lactate concentration ≤2.0 mmol/L from admission to the ICU and up to 8 h thereafter. Hemodynamics, oxygen transport data, and organ dysfunctions were recorded. The median hos-pital stay was shorter in the protocol group (6 vs 7 days, P < 0.05), and patients were discharged faster from the hospital than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Discharge from the ICU was similar between groups (P = 0.8). Morbidity was less frequent at the time of hospital discharge in the protocol group (1.1% vs 6.1%, P < 0.01). Increasing oxygen delivery to achieve normal Svo2 values and lactate concentration during the immediate postoperative period after cardiac surgery can shorten the length of hospital stay. Implications Health care economics has challenged clinicians to reduce costs and improve resource use in cardiac surgery and anesthesia in a patient population increasing in age and in severity of disease. Optimizing cardiovascular function to maintain adequate oxygen delivery during the immediate postoperative period after cardiac surgery can decrease morbidity and reduce length of hospital stay.
Severity of experimental traumatic brain injury modulates changes in concentrations of cerebral free amino acids

In this study, concentrations of free amino acids (FAA) and amino group containing compounds (AGCC) following graded diffuse traumatic brain injury (mild TBI, mTBI; severe TBI, sTBI) were evaluated. After 6, 12, 24, 48 and 120 hr aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu), asparagine (Asn), serine (Ser), glutamine (Gln), histidine (His), glycine (Gly), threonine (Thr), citrulline (Cit), arginine (Arg), alanine (Ala), taurine (Tau), γ‐aminobutyrate (GABA), tyrosine (Tyr), S‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), l‐cystathionine (l‐Cystat), valine (Val), methionine (Met), tryptophane (Trp), phenylalanine (Phe), isoleucine (Ile), leucine (Leu), ornithine (Orn), lysine (Lys), plus N‐acetylaspartate (NAA) were determined in whole brain extracts (n = 6 rats at each time for both TBI levels). Sham‐operated animals (n = 6) were used as controls. Results demonstrated that mTBI caused modest, transient changes in NAA, Asp, GABA, Gly, Arg. Following sTBI, animals showed profound, long‐lasting modifications of Glu, Gln, NAA, Asp, GABA, Ser, Gly, Ala, Arg, Citr, Tau, Met, SAH, l‐Cystat, Tyr and Phe. Increase in Glu and Gln, depletion of NAA and Asp increase, suggested a link between NAA hydrolysis and excitotoxicity after sTBI. Additionally, sTBI rats showed net imbalances of the Glu‐Gln/GABA cycle between neurons and astrocytes, and of the methyl‐cycle (demonstrated by decrease in Met, and increase in SAH and l‐Cystat), throughout the post‐injury period. Besides evidencing new potential targets for novel pharmacological treatments, these results suggest that the force acting on the brain tissue at the time of the impact is the main determinant of the reactions ignited and involving amino acid metabolism.
LCTS: Ray Shooting using Longest Common Traversal Sequences

We describe two new techniques of ray shooting acceleration that exploit the traversal coherence of a spatial hierarchy. The first technique determines a sequence of adjacent leaf‐cells of the hierarchy that is pierced by all rays contained within a certain convex shaft. This sequence is used to accelerate ray shooting for all remaining rays within the shaft. The second technique establishes a cut of the hierarchy that contains nodes where the hierarchy traversal can no longer be predetermined for all rays contained within a given shaft. This cut is used to initiate the traversal for all remaining rays contained in the shaft. The description of the methods is followed by results evaluated by their practical implementation.
Anatomical Progression of Coronary Artery Disease in Humans as Seen by Prospective, Repeated, Quantitated Coronary Angiography: Relation to Clinical Events and Risk Factors

BackgroundAt present, there is extensive knowledge on the clinical course of coronary artery disease (CAD), whereas data on the underlying anatomical changes and their relation to clinical events are still limited. Methods and ResultsWe investigated progression and regression of CAD prospectively over 3 years in 230 patients (average age, 53.2 years) with mild to moderate disease by applying quantitated, repeated coronary angiography. Minimal stenotic diameters, segment diameters, and percent stenosis were analyzed by the computer-assisted Coronary Angiography Analysis System (CAAS). Progression was defined either as an increase in percent stenosis of preexisting stenoses by ≥20% including occlusions or as formation of new stenoses ≥20% and new occlusions in previously angiographically “normal” segments. At first angiography, we found 838 stenoses ≥20% (average degree, 39.3%) and 135 occlusions in the four major coronary branches (4.23 lesions per patient). At second angiography, 82 (9.8%) of the preexisting stenoses had progressed, 15 of them up to occlusion (1.8% preocclusion degree averaging 46.6%; 29.7–65.6%). In addition, there were 144 newly formed stenoses (average degree, 39.2%) and 10 new occlusions. Hence, 25 (2.6%) of all stenoses had become occluded. Altogether, 129 patients (56.1%) showed progression: 68 (29.6%) with new lesions only, 27 (11.7%) with preexisting lesions, and 34 (14.8%) with both types. Regression (decrease in degree of stenoses ≥20%) was present in 29 stenoses (3.6%) and 28 patients (12%). The incidence of new myocardial infarctions was low, with three originating from occluding preexisting stenoses and one from new stenoses; hence, only four (16%) of the 25 new occlusions led to myocardial infarctions. Risk factor analysis showed that cigarette smoking correlated significantly with the formation of new lesions (p=0.001), whereas total cholesterol correlated with the further progression of preexisting stenoses (p=0.017) but not with the incidence of new lesions. ConclusionsIn patients with mild to moderate CAD, the angiographic progression is slow (in this study 18.7% of patients and 7% of stenoses per year) but exceeds regression (4.1% of patients and 1.2% of stenoses per year). Progression is predominantly seen in the formation of new coronary stenoses and less in growth of preexisting ones. Most of the stenoses were of a low degree (<50%), clinically not manifest including those going into occlusion and leading to myocardial infarction. Progression was influenced by risk factors, especially cigarette smoking (formation of new lesions) and high cholesterol levels (progression of preexisting stenoses).
Language, Cognition, and the Brain: Insights From Sign Language Research

Contents: Preface. Introduction. The Structure of American Sign Language: Linguistic Universals and Modality Effects. The Confluence of Language and Space. Psycholinguistic Studies of Sign Perception, Online Processing, and Production. Sign Language Acquisition. The Critical Period Hypothesis and the Effects of Late Language Acquisition. Memory for Sign Language: Implications for the Structure of Working Memory. The Impact of Sign Language Use on Visuospatial Cognition. Sign Language and the Brain. Appendices: Handshapes in American Sign Language. Linguistic Distinctions Among Communication Forms in Nicaragua.