Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CCNU at TAC 2008: Proceeding on Using Semantic Method for Automated Summarization Yield

The CCNU summarization system, PUSMS (Proceeding to Using Semantic Method for Summarization), join in TAC (formerly DUC) for the first time. For the update summarization tasks, we used syntacticbased anaphora resolution and sentence compression algorithms in our system. Term significance was then obtained by frequency-related topic significance and query-related significance by obtaining cooccurrence information with query terms. For the pilot QA summarization task, a semantic orientation recognition module which used WordNet::Similarity::Vector to obtain all of the main part-of-speech terms’ similarity with benchmark words derived from General Inquirer is used in PUSMS pilot system. We also developed a document classifier and a snippets-related content extracting module for the pilot tasks. In all, our initial job can be boiled down to be introducing semantic method into our former statistical summarization system. By analyzing the evaluation results, we found that we were preceding the right target but still have a long way to go.
Symbolic Validation: The Case of State-Mandated, High-Stakes Testing

Because the wisdom and likely effects of educational innovations rarely are established before their adoption, the innovations must seek their legitimacy in nonempirical sources. This paper uses the example of the rapid rise of state-mandated, high-stakes testing programs to suggest that proposed innovations find their way into practice by virtue of their potency as symbols of prevalent value orientations in the wider culture. Thus, innovations undergo a type of consensual, symbolic validation that determines their acceptability. State-mandated, high-stakes testing programs have gained widespread popular support in the quest for heightened educational standards because they symbolize order and control, desired educational outcomes, and traditional moral values.
ABCB1 identifies a subpopulation of uveal melanoma cells with high metastatic propensity

Metastasis of tumor cells to distant organs is the leading cause of death in melanoma. Yet, the mechanisms of metastasis remain poorly understood. One key question is whether all cells in a primary tumor are equally likely to metastasize or whether subpopulations of cells preferentially give rise to metastases. Here, we identified a subpopulation of uveal melanoma cells expressing the multidrug resistance transporter ABCB1 that are highly metastatic compared to ABCB1− bulk tumor cells. ABCB1+ cells also exhibited enhanced clonogenicity, anchorage‐independent growth, tumorigenicity and mitochondrial activity compared to ABCB1− cells. A375 cutaneous melanoma cells contained a similar subpopulation of highly metastatic ABCB1+ cells. These findings suggest that some uveal melanoma cells have greater potential for metastasis than others and that a better understanding of such cells may be necessary for more successful therapies for metastatic melanoma.
Angiotensin Receptor Type 1 Forms a Complex with the Transient Outward Potassium Channel Kv4.3 and Regulates Its Gating Properties and Intracellular Localization*

We report a novel signal transduction complex of the angiotensin receptor type 1. In this complex the angiotensin receptor type 1 associates with the potassium channel α-subunit Kv4.3 and regulates its intracellular distribution and gating properties. Co-localization of Kv4.3 with angiotensin receptor type 1 and fluorescent resonance energy transfer between those two proteins labeled with cyan and yellow-green variants of green fluorescent protein revealed that Kv4.3 and angiotensin receptor type I are located in close proximity to each other in the cell. The angiotensin receptor type 1 also co-immunoprecipitates with Kv4.3 from canine ventricle or when co-expressed with Kv4.3 and its β-subunit KChIP2 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Treatment of the cells with angiotensin II results in the internalization of Kv4.3 in a complex with the angiotensin receptor type 1. When stimulated with angiotensin II, angiotensin receptors type 1 modulate gating properties of the remaining Kv4.3 channels on the cell surface by shifting their activation voltage threshold to more positive values. We hypothesize that the angiotensin receptor type 1 provides its internalization molecular scaffold to Kv4.3 and in this way regulates the cell surface representation of the ion channel.
Differences in Perceptions of and Practices Regarding Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorders Among VA Primary Care Providers in Urban and Rural Clinics

BACKGROUND Effective behavioral and pharmacological treatments are available and recommended for patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD) but rarely received. Barriers to receipt and provision of evidence-based AUD treatments delivered by specialists may be greatest in rural areas. METHODS A targeted subanalysis of qualitative interview data collected from primary care providers at 5 Veterans Affairs clinics was conducted to identify differences in provider perceptions and practices regarding AUD treatment across urban and rural clinics. Key contacts were used to recruit 24 providers from 3 "urban" clinics at medical centers and 2 "rural" community-based outpatient clinics. Providers completed 30-minute semistructured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using inductive content analysis. RESULTS Thirteen urban and 11 rural providers participated. Urban and rural providers differed regarding referral practices and in perceptions of availability and utility of specialty addictions treatment. Urban providers described referral to specialty treatment as standard practice, while rural providers reported substantial barriers to specialty care access and infrequent specialty care referral. Urban providers viewed specialty addictions treatment as accessible and comprehensive, and perceived addictions providers as "experts" and collaborators, whereas rural providers perceived inadequate support from the health care system for AUD treatment. Urban providers desired greater integration with specialty addictions care while rural providers wanted access to local addictions treatment resources. CONCLUSIONS Providers in rural settings view referral to specialty addictions treatment as impractical and resources inadequate to treat AUD. Additional work is needed to understand the unique needs of rural clinics and decrease barriers to AUD treatment.
Detecting The Sufficient Display Resolution For Image Browsing

In image browsing, the resolution greatly affects user’s experience. If an image is down-scaled too much, a considerable amount of information within it will be lost. In this paper, we studied the problem of "What is a sufficient display resolution or scale for an image or an image region? " This problem arises in many real-life applications including image browsing on mobile devices, image adaptation and progressive image delivery. Kullback-Leibler (K-L) distance is employed to measure the information loss and the sufficient display scale is selected based on the information loss curve during image down-sampling. Since the images are presented to viewers finally, some visual characteristics are also taken into account to ensure the precision of the measurement. A user study was carried out to evaluate the performance of our approach. Experimental results show that the approach is in good accord with human perception.
Circular words and applications

We define the notion of circular words, then consider on such words a constraint derived from the Fibonacci condition. We give several results on the structure of these circular words, then mention possible applications to various situations: periodic expansion of numbers in numeration systems, "gcd-property" of integer sequences, partition of the prefix of the fixed point of the Fibonacci substitution, spanning trees of a wheel. Eventually, we mention some open questions.
The Protean Quality of Subcultural Consumption: An Ethnographic Account of Gay Consumers

Previous work on subcultural consumption presents structure, ethos, and subcultural boundaries as key theoretical aspects. These concepts are critically reconsidered through examining and interpreting ethnographic fieldwork and the consumer accounts of 44 gay men interviewed during a study of a gay urban community. Original insights are developed in relation to consuming in a subcultural context. The findings include consideration of the following key aspects of subcultural consumption: (1) contested meanings of gay subcultural consumption, (2) consuming and constructing subcultural boundaries, and (3) negotiating individual distinction with consumption practices. Overall, findings indicate that the oppositional character of subcultural consumption is captured well by the proposed theoretical framework that takes into account contested meaning clusters; fluid subcultural boundaries; flexible subcultural, interpretive frameworks for consuming; and negotiation of individual tastes through subcultural consumption.
The Threshold Learning Outcome on Self-Management for the Bachelor of Laws Degree: A Proposed Focus for Teaching Strategies in the First Year Law Curriculum

The Australian Learning and Teaching Council (ALTC) Discipline Scholars for Law, Professors Sally Kift and Mark Israel, articulated six Threshold Learning Outcomes (TLOs) for the Bachelor of Laws degree as part of the ALTC’s 2010 project on Learning and Teaching Academic Standards. One of these TLOs promotes the learning, teaching and assessment of self-management skills in Australian law schools. This paper explores the concept of self-management and how it can be relevantly applied in the first year of legal education. Recent literature from the United States (US) and Australia provides insights into the types of issues facing law students, as well as potential antidotes to these problems. Based on these findings, I argue that designing a pedagogical framework for the first year law curriculum that promotes students’ connection with their intrinsic interests, values, motivations and purposes will facilitate student success in terms of their personal well-being, ethical dispositions and academic engagement.
Internet Disclosure by Nonprofit Organizations: Empirical Evidence of Nongovernmental Organizations for Development in Spain

This article examines the relevance of technology, and particularly the Internet, for the improvement of accountability and transparency in nonprofit organizations. The novelty of our work regarding the previous empirical evidence resides in the fact that we have taken into account the means through which these organizations diffuse voluntary information. In this article, we have proposed a model of information disclosure for the Web sites of Spanish nongovernmental organizations for development (NGODs) that can serve as a guide for improving their informative transparency and their accountability. The empirical evidence obtained reveals that Spanish NGOD Web sites are primarily ornamental and that they should evolve toward an environment more informational and relational that allows the stakeholders to access relevant information ranging from the work being done and the use of the dispersed funds to the form in which the organization is governed. Our results have also confirmed that the disclosure levels are related to the amount of future donations received by the organization.
Hardware Design of Quasi-Cyclic Low-Density Parity-Check Encoder Based on a Novel RC-Scheme

In this paper, quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC- LDPC) codes are applied to a novel rate-compatible (RC) scheme for multimedia transmission. To ensure that the RC codes over the entire range of rates can be decoded by a single decoder, modified array codes in a lower triangular form are employed as the mother codes. The constructed rate-compatible QC-LDPC codes based on our novel RC- scheme can also be encoded by a single encoder. Hardware design of QC-LDPC encoder for this RC-scheme is proposed in detail. The hardware complexity is determined by the lowest-rate code for serial encoding and by the mother code for parallel encoding. Part of hardware units is disabled in certain cases to reduce power consumption.
Using human knowledge awareness to adapt collaborative plan generation, explanation and monitoring

One application of robotics is to assist humans in the achievement of tasks they face in both the workplace and domestic environments. In some situations, a task may require the robot and the human to act together in a collaborative way in order to reach a common goal. To achieve a collaborative plan, each agent (human, robot) needs to be aware of the tasks she/he must carry out and how to perform them. This paper addresses the issue of enhancing a robotic system with a dynamic model of its collaborator's knowledge concerning tasks of a shared plan. Using this model, the robot is able to adapt its collaborative plan generation, its abilities to give explanations and to monitor the overall plan execution. We present the algorithm we have elaborated to take advantage of the tree representation of our Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planner to enhance the robot with appropriate explanation and execution monitoring abilities. To evaluate how our adaptive system is perceived by users and how much it improves the quality of the Human-Robot interaction, the outcome of a comparative study is presented.
Why principals leave: risk factors for premature departure in the Netherlands compared for women and men

The shortage of school leaders, mainly caused by the growing complexity of the job is steadily growing in recent years. This study reports on the results of a comparative empirical study into the causes of premature departure for male and female principals in primary and secondary education. Principals who have experienced premature departure themselves served as respondents. The risk factors for premature departure were researched in four areas: the school organization, the working environment including the school culture, the selection procedure and the principal him or herself. The results showed that the causes of premature departure are a combination of factors that are embedded in the context in which the leadership is performed and personal characteristics of the principal.
A watermarking technique for hard IP protection in post-layout design level

The intellectual property (IP)-reuse-based SOC design methodology has become the mainstream. However malice modification of IP is badly infringing the expansion of legal IP- trade. Consequently the IP copyright protection becomes very sensitive and urgent. Among all kinds of IP protection (IPP) techniques, the watermarking is one of the most developed and promising approaches. In this paper we introduce a new watermarking technique for hard IP protection by embedding additional design constraints in post-physical layout design level. It can be applied to both VLSI designs and full-custom designs. In this paper, we focus on the application of this IPP approach in full-custom ones. The principle and a watermarking implementation system are proposed, and the experimental results are reported.
Destination‐Language Proficiency in Cross‐National Perspective: A Study of Immigrant Groups in Nine Western Countries1

Immigrants’ destination‐language proficiency has been typically studied from a microperspective in a single country. In this article, the authors examine the role of macrofactors in a cross‐national perspective. They argue that three groups of macrolevel factors are important: the country immigrants settle in (“destination” effect), the sending nation (“origin” effect), and the combination between origin and destination (“setting” or “community” effect). The authors propose a design that simultaneously observes multiple origin groups in multiple destinations. They present substantive hypotheses about language proficiency and use them to develop a series of macrolevel indicators. The authors collected and standardized 19 existing immigrant surveys for nine Western countries. Using multilevel techniques, their analyses show that origins, destinations, and settings play a significant role in immigrants’ language proficiency.
Leukoedema in addicts to coca leaves in Humahuaca, Argentina.

The oral mucosa of 301 subjects of both sexes, aged 30 to 87 years and living in Humahuaca, in the province of Jujuy, nothern Argentina, was studied for leukoedema and leukoplakia. One hundred and fifty of these persons were addicted to chewing coca leaves. One hundred and fifty-one non-addicts served as controls. Prevalences of 61.3 % for leukoedema and 21.3 % for leukoplakia were reported in the study group. In the control group the prevalences were 9.2 % and 3.9 % for leukoedema and leukoplakia, respectively. The localization of lesions in the study group always coincided with where the coca leaf bolus is habitually kept. In general, the histopathologic pictures were compatible with leukoedema. This confirms previous findings about the effects on the oral mucosa of chewing coca leaves and also the benign character of leukoedema provoked by this irritant.
Gene expression in the brain during reovirus encephalitis

Viral encephalitis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. We performed microarray analysis to identify genes and pathways that are differentially regulated during reovirus encephalitis and that may provide novel therapeutic targets for virus-induced diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). An increase in the expression of 130 cellular genes was found in the brains of reovirus-infected mice at early times post infection, compared to mock-infected controls. The up-regulation of these genes was consistent with activation of innate immune responses, particularly interferon signaling. At later times post infection, when significant CNS injury is present and mice exhibit signs of severe neurologic disease, many more (1374) genes were up-regulated, indicating that increased gene expression correlates with disease pathology. Virus-induced gene expression at late times post infection was again consistent with the activation of innate immune responses. However, additional significant pathways included those associated with cytokine signaling and apoptosis, both of which can contribute to CNS injury. This is the first report comparing virus-induced cellular gene and pathway regulation at early and late times following virus infection of the brain. The shift of virus-induced gene expression from innate immune responses at early times post infection to cytokine signaling and apoptosis at later times suggests a potential therapeutic strategy that preserves early protective responses whilst inhibiting later responses that contribute to pathogenesis.
Social categorization, visual cues, and social judgements

Recent research on social cognition suggests that lifelike visual and vocal information about a person may strongly mediate the impact of prior social categorical knowledge on social judgements. Other research, however, on the contribution of visual cues to impression formation, suggests that they have relatively little impact. This study sought to resolve these conflicting findings by examining the effect of visual cues on social judgements when subjects possess prior social categorical knowledge varying in salience to the experimental task. Videotaped target interviews were monitored by observers in either sound and vision or sound only, and measures were taken of the targets' perceived personality, their ‘actual’ and ‘predicted’ social performance, and social acceptance by observers. Whilst salience of categorization strongly influenced the quality of judgements, visual cues had little if any effect. However, visual cues strongly influenced subjects' confidence in all three sets of judgements, sound and vision subjects being consistently more confident than their sound only counterparts. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research in both social cognition and visual cues.
Finding content-bearing terms using term similarities

This paper explores the issue of using different co-occurrence similarities between terms for separating query terms that are useful for retrieval from those that are harmful. The hypothesis under examination is that useful terms tend to be more similar to each other than to other query terms. Preliminary experiments with similarities computed using first-order and second-order co-occurrence seem to confirm the hypothesis. Term similarities could then be used for determining which query terms are useful and best reflect the user's information need. A possible application would be to use this source of evidence for tuning the weights of the query terms.
Nombot: simplify food tracking

Quantified self is a growing research area in human -- computer interaction. New techniques help users to track and optimize their daily activities. Some data is collected automatically. Others like information about nutrition have to be entered manually by the user. This process is labor -- intensive and quite often the motivation is fading over the time. In this paper, an approach is introduced to simplify food tracking. This developed procedure assimilates into daily routines. The instant messaging service called Telegram is used to propose the chatbot Nombot to the user. This bot communicates with the user and collects data about the nutrition of its chat partner. Different motivation types are considered. To evaluate the described implementation, an A/B study is conducted.
Caracal: dynamic translation of runtime environments for GPUs

Graphics Processing Units (GPU) have become the platform of choice for accelerating a large range of data parallel and task parallel applications. Both AMD and NVIDIA have developed GPU implementations targeted at the high performance computing market. The rapid adoption of GPU computing has been greatly aided by the introduction of high-level programming environments such as NVIDIA's CUDA C and Khronos' OpenCL. Given the fact that CUDA C has been on the market for a number of years, a large number of applications have been developed in the HPC community. In this paper we describe Caracal, our implementation of a dynamic translation framework that allows CUDA C programs to run on alternative GPU platforms. Here we target the AMD Evergreen family of GPUs. We discuss the challenges of compatibility and correctness faced by the translator using specific examples. We analyze the overhead of the translator compared with the execution time of several benchmarks. We also compare the quality of the code generated by our framework with that produced by the AMD OpenCL library. Our dynamically translated code performs comparably to the native OpenCL library, expands the opportunities for running CUDA C on new heterogeneous architectures, and provides a vehicle for evaluating compiler optimizations in the future.
Constructing Replicated Systems Using Processors With Point To Point Communication Links

Replicated processing with majority voting is a well known method of achieving fault tolerance. We consider the problem of constructing a distributed system composed of an arbitrarily large number of N-modular redundant (NMR) nodes, where each node itself is composed of N, N = 2m + I and m /spl ges/ 1, processing and voting elements. Advanced microprocessors, such as Inmos Transputers, provide fast serial communication links for inter-processor communication, making it possible to construct large networks of processors. We describe how replicated processing with majority voting can be achieved for such processor networks. This paper will present the overall systems architecture, including voting and NMR synchronization algorithms specially developed to exploit fast point to point communication facilities.