Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gingival crevicular fluid levels of clindamycin compared with its minimal inhibitory concentrations for periodontal bacteria

Clindamycin concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid and in blood were determined over a 7-h period and were related to the minimal inhibitory concentrations of this agent for 340 bacterial strains isolated from diseased periodontal sites. The clindamycin levels after administration of single 300-mg oral doses were measured in gingival crevicular fluids by using an agar diffusion bioassay. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by agar dilution techniques for 30 species of periodontal bacteria. With the exception of Eikenella corrodens and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, most of the bacteria were inhibited by a concentration of 1.0 microgram of clindamycin per ml or less. The peak concentrations in crevicular fluid (2.0 +/- 0.3 microgram/ml) and in blood (1.9 +/- 0.3 micrograms/ml) were approximately the same. However, crevicular fluid levels of 1.0 micrograms/ml and above were present for up to 6 h, whereas blood concentrations dropped below 1.0 micrograms/ml within 2 h after administration. Based on its minimal inhibitory concentrations, clindamycin at crevicular fluid levels of 1.0 micrograms/ml or above should inhibit most bacteria associated with diseased periodontal sites.
The Revenue and Efficiency Implications of Timed Local Calls

The case for timed local calls (TLC) is overwhelming on both equity and efficiency grounds. However, Telecom's example of a pricing structure for (TLC) would probably have raised revenue substantially. The efficiency effects depend on the structure of local prices and on what is done with the additional revenue (e.g. reducing STD). There could also be considerable savings in capital equipment requirements. Alternative TLC pricing structures are considered which may be both superior to, and more acceptable than, the original proposal.
Analysing Spatial Time Series of Local Unemployment: A Graphical Approach Using Principal Components Analysis and Seasonal Adjustment Procedures

In this paper, the potential of principal components analysis to analyse spatial time series of local unemployment is discussed. A seasonal adjustment procedure is also used which allows trend, seasonal, and irregular subcomponents of the unemployment series to be identified and analysed separately. It is argued that such an approach may provide important insights into the functioning of the regional space economy. Empirical results are presented from a study of local unemployment in the Severnside region. Throughout the paper emphasis is placed on graphical displays and summaries.
The k-model - green's function based analysis of surface acoustic wave devices

We have derived a model for the analysis of surface acoustic wave devices based on relating the surface potential adherent to surface acoustic waves propagating on a piezoelectric substrate and applied transducer potentials. Device structures are analyzed on the basis of the Green's function, including end effects, electrical loading, mass loading effects, electrode resis- tance, dispersion, and propagation loss, leading to a 3-port matrix representation of single electrode cells. Cascading these matrices leads to the final sought after device response. The coupling to bulk waves is currently not taken into account. The model has been used to simulate and design 2.45 GHz SAW devices for wire- less sensor applications, showing close agreement of simulation and measurement of fabricated devices. Results for a single-electrode interdigital transducer (IDT) with a designed cen- tre frequency of 2441.75 MHz are compared and discussed. The measured equivalent circuit elements at the centre frequency for the SAW transducers fabricated on 128°YX-LiNbO 3 compared to simulated results in brackets yielded 53.3 Ω (49.8 Ω), 0.76 pF (0.78 pF), and 5.57 nH (5.45 nH) for the input impedance, suscep- tance (static capacitance and acoustic susceptance), and computed parallel matching inductance. The deviation of simulated and measured centre frequency was found to be 0.14 %. I. Introduction The precise simulation of SAW devices operating at UHF concerning their frequency characteristics and input impedance, require the consideration of higher order effects, as their contributions increase with frequency, or rather the reduced acoustic wavelength, in the order of several micrometers. An extensive overview of currently applied simulation models based on equivalent circuits (ECM), coupling of modes (COM), or the P-matrix model (PMM) is given by Ruppel et al. (1). Our intention was to work with a model closely related to the underlying SAW physics, at the same time being capable of modelling higher order effects, and requiring only a minimum of empirical data, as found necessary to account for propagation loss, dispersion, and mass loading effects. Preliminary measurements of fabricated test structures to extract simulation parameters were to be avoided. Although the PMM seems to offer these qualities, it has unfortunately not been published in detail. Our approach to derive a model with the capabilities mentioned above is also based on a mixed matrix representation and formulations similar to the P-matrix introduced by Tobolka (2). However, in contrast to the P-matrix, the K-model relates the surface potentials of propagating surface waves a i and b i , of unit Volt and not acoustic power amplitudes of unit . The 3-port matrix representation relating surface potentials of propagating surface waves, transducer potential
Inhalation of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65‐derived peptides can protect against recurrent autoimmune but not alloimmune responses in the non‐obese diabetic mouse

Systemic administration of islet‐derived antigens has been shown to protect against diabetes in the non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mouse by the induction of antigen‐specific regulatory T cells. Bystander regulation to related and unrelated islet‐derived antigens (intramolecular and intermolecular recognition) in this context is recognized. We tested if intranasal administration of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD 65)‐derived peptides could protect against both autoimmune and, through bystander regulation, alloimmune responses in a NOD mouse model. Spontaneously diabetic female NOD mice underwent islet transplantation from either C57Bl/6 or NOD islet donors. Islet recipients were treated with intranasal GAD 65‐derived peptides or control (ovalbumin) peptide pre‐ and post‐transplantation. In‐vitro analysis of the effect of inhalation was defined using lymph node proliferation assays and supernatant analysis for cytokines. GAD 65‐derived peptide inhalation resulted in significant protection against recurrent autoimmune disease, with the generation of an interleukin (IL)‐10‐producing immune phenotype in a syngeneic islet transplant model. This phenotype, however, was not robust enough to protect against alloimmune responses. Inhalation of GAD‐derived peptides induces an immunoregulatory response that protects against recurrent autoimmune, but not alloimmune responses in the NOD mouse.
The Provision of Information Services in a New Political Economy: A Case Study from Hyderabad, India

Abstract Evidence suggests that following liberalisation reforms in India, public sector contributions to social development projects responsible for public goods allocation and the provision of services have receded in favour of an enlarged role for private sector initiatives, particularly through public-private partnerships. As part of a “good governance” agenda, the state is embracing such partnerships, modelled on information communication technology (ICT), within a wider development strategy (ICTD) to improve goods allocation and government's image as a trustworthy agent. This has also coincided with a changing political economy that has granted greater authority to more localised units of government over economic and developmental processes. This paper examines a case study of Urban e-Seva, an ICTD public-private partnership in Hyderabad, and couches it in a larger examination of contemporary social development in India. The paper concludes that government needs to be embedded in public-private partnerships, that it must continue to be at the forefront of allocation strategies in general, and that globalisation is strongly shaped by public institutions operating at the sub-national level. Furthermore, reforms are needed to correct for globalisation and liberalisation's inabilities to foster proper social development in India.
Modeling Willingness to Pay for Coastal Tourism Resource Protection in Ko Chang Marine National Park, Thailand

The value of non-market resources is important information for the nature-based park investment and management. In this paper, we estimate visitors' willingness to pay (WTP) an entrance fee for beach resource protection of the Ko Chang Marine Park in Thailand using a standard contingent valuation method of a single-bounded (SB) and double-bounded (DB) dichotomous choice format. An on-site stratified sampling survey of 409 beach visitors was conducted at the park along the White Sand Beach shoreline. By comparing the two survey methods, the average WTP for a Thai beach visitor is about $12.01 under the SB elicitation survey and $7.27 per adult per visit under the DB elicitation method, respectively. It turns out that the foreign visitors' WTP is twice as much as that of Thai visitors' WTP. These can be translated to the lower and upper bounds of an aggregated value ranging between $10.33 million and $17.41 million per annum. The policy implications for the park management are addressed.
Is a happy nation a productive nation? An exploration of the relationship between job satisfaction and productivity at the national level

Is a happy nation a productive nation? Our study investigated this question by analysing records of the United States' aggregated level of job satisfaction and productivity as well as a cross sectional sample of countries throughout the world. Archival data from national surveys of job satisfaction and several indices of individual worker productivity from the Bureau of Labor Statistics database across the years 1987? 2004, as well as international job satisfaction data and an index of the corresponding country's productivity, revealed that these two factors are not consistently related.
Nonfarm Activity and Rural Income Inequality: A Case Study of Two Provinces in China

Nonfarm activity plays an increasingly important role in rural household income. Based on data from the Living Standards Measurement Study in the provinces of Hebei and Liaoning, the authors study the distribution of nonfarm income in rural China. First, they assume nonfarm income as an exogenous transfer to total income to decompose the Gini index. Second, they assume nonfarm income as a potential substitute for farm income to take household choices into account and simulate household income. The results show that nonfarm activity reduces rural income inequality by raising the income of poor households to a larger extent than that of rich households. Improving rural infrastructure and implementing universal basic education are critical to build up the capacity of households (in particular, poor households) to participate in nonfarm activity. Strengthening the links between farm activity and nonfarm activity is essential to optimize the contribution of nonfarm activity to pro-poor rural economic development.
Relative Price Changes and Households' Welfare in Italy

The entrance of Italy in the Euro area in 2001 has given rise to a wide debate about the perception of inflation on households' well‐being. However, most of the debate has involved the measurement of the “correct” consumer price index at the national level. Much less analysis has been carried out on the distributional consequences of inflation on every household. The paper addresses this issue by performing a microsimulation analysis of the impact of inflation on Italian households in the period 1997–2007. It is shown that the impact of inflation has an ambiguous path over the period, with a large concentration of welfare losses around the introduction of the Euro currency. In particular, it is found that poorer and larger households are severely hurt by inflation and that the prices of gas and gasoline are largely responsible for determining the living conditions of Italian households.
Tensor-Based Classification Models for Hyperspectral Data Analysis

In this paper, we present tensor-based linear and nonlinear models for hyperspectral data classification and analysis. By exploiting the principles of tensor algebra, we introduce new classification architectures, the weight parameters of which satisfy the rank-1 canonical decomposition property. Then, we propose learning algorithms to train both linear and nonlinear classifiers. The advantages of the proposed classification approach are that: 1) it significantly reduces the number of weight parameters required to train the model (and thus the respective number of training samples); 2) it provides a physical interpretation of model coefficients on the classification output; and 3) it retains the spatial and spectral coherency of the input samples. The linear tensor-based model exploits the principles of logistic regression, assuming the rank-1 canonical decomposition property among its weights. For the nonlinear classifier, we propose a modification of a feedforward neural network (FNN), called rank-1 FNN, since its weights satisfy again the rank-1 canonical decomposition property. An appropriate learning algorithm is also proposed to train the network. Experimental results and comparisons with state-of-the-art classification methods, either linear (e.g., linear support vector machine) or nonlinear (e.g., deep learning), indicate the outperformance of the proposed scheme, especially in the cases where a small number of training samples is available.
Brand loyalty in enterprise microblogs: Influence of community commitment, IT habit, and participation

Purpose – With the prevailing microblogging phenomenon, many marketers have created their microblog accounts to promote products, advertise brands, and attract consumers. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of consumers’ community commitment, information technology (IT) habit, and participation on their brand loyalty in the context of enterprise microblogs. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 364 valid data were collected from fans or followers of enterprise microblogs through a survey on Weibo.com. The data were analyzed with smart partial least squares. Findings – Community commitment and IT habit directly lead to brand loyalty and indirectly affect brand loyalty through the mediating influence of participation. Information quality, perceived expertise, and social interaction are antecedents of community commitment. Satisfaction, importance, and social interaction positively affect IT habit. Research limitations/implications – To enhance the generalizability of the study, future stu.
A Survey of Emerging Interconnects for On-Chip Efficient Multicast and Broadcast in Many-Cores

Networks-on-chip (NoC) have emerged to tackle different on-chip communication challenges and can satisfy different demands in terms of performance, cost and reliability. Currently, interconnects based on metal are reaching performance limits given relentless technology scaling. In particular, a performance bottleneck has emerged due to the demands for communication in terms of bandwidth for multicasting and broadcasting. As a result, various state-of-the-art architectures have been proposed as alternatives and emerging interconnects including the use of optics or radio frequency (RF). This article presents a comprehensive survey of these various interconnect fabrics, and discusses their current and future potentials and obstacles as well. This article aims to drive the research community to achieve a better utilization of the merits of on-chip interconnects and addresses the challenges involved. New interconnect technologies, such as optical interconnect, wireless NoC (WiNoC), RF transmission lines (RF-I) and surface wave interconnects (SWI), are discussed, evaluated and compared. Consequently, these emerging interconnects can continue to provide the cost efficiency and performance that are highly demanded for future many-core processors and high performance computing.
Explaining the Differences Between the Dyslexic and the Garden-Variety Poor Reader

A coherent conception of dyslexia has been difficult to arrive at because research findings have continually created logical paradoxes for the psychometric definition of reading disability. This paper develops the phonological-core variable-difference model. This model of the cognitive characteristics of dyslexic children is one of the few that does not create psychometric paradoxes of the type that have plagued the learning disabilities field. The model provides a way to conceptualize the differences between dyslexic and garden-variety poor readers. The model highlights the importance of viewing the concept of dyslexia as the outcome of the application of an arbitrary criterion in a continuous distribution, thus avoiding the connotations of discreteness that have continually undermined our understanding of reading disability.
Suicidality, Economic Shocks, and Egalitarian Gender Norms

Durkheim conceived of suicide as a product of social integration and regulation. Although the sociology of suicide has focused on the role of disintegration, to our knowledge, the interaction between integration and regulation has yet to be empirically evaluated. In this article we test whether more egalitarian gender norms, an important form of macro-regulation, protects men and women against suicidality during economic shocks. Using cross-national data covering 20 European Union countries from the years 1991 to 2011, including the recent economic crises in Europe, we first assessed the relation between unemployment and suicide. Then we evaluated potential effect modification using three measures of gender equality, the gender ratio in labour force participation, the gender pay gap, and women’s representation in parliament using multiple measures. We found no evidence of a significant, direct link between greater gender equality and suicide rates in either men or women. However, a greater degree of gender equality helped protect against suicidality associated with economic shocks. At relatively high levels of gender equality in Europe, such as those seen in Sweden and Austria, the relationship between rising unemployment rates and suicide in men disappeared altogether. Our findings suggest that more egalitarian forms of gender regulation may help buffer the suicidal consequences of economic shocks, especially in men.
A study on the inductive power links for implantable biomedical devices

This paper presents a study on the efficiency of wireless power transfer (WPT) via inductive coupling, used in implantable biomedical devices. The expressions for efficiency of four different topologies used for WPT have been derived and a topology has been identified that is best suited for use with biomedical implants. The efficiency derived for the chosen topology is maximized and is compared with simulation results from ADS and they correlate well. A method has been proposed to select the components for SS topology to transfer the required power at maximum efficiency.
Confining the state of light to a quantum manifold by engineered two-photon loss

A way to induce quantum stability Dynamical systems, whether classical or quantum, usually require a method to stabilize performance and maintain the required state. For instance, communication between computers requires error correction codes to ensure that information is transferred correctly. In a quantum system, however, the very act of measuring it can perturb it. Leghtas et al. show that engineering the interaction between a quantum system and its environment can induce stability for the delicate quantum states, a process that could simplify quantum information processing. Science, this issue p. 853 Controlling the dynamics of a quantum system can provide a route to stabilization. Physical systems usually exhibit quantum behavior, such as superpositions and entanglement, only when they are sufficiently decoupled from a lossy environment. Paradoxically, a specially engineered interaction with the environment can become a resource for the generation and protection of quantum states. This notion can be generalized to the confinement of a system into a manifold of quantum states, consisting of all coherent superpositions of multiple stable steady states. We have confined the state of a superconducting resonator to the quantum manifold spanned by two coherent states of opposite phases and have observed a Schrödinger cat state spontaneously squeeze out of vacuum before decaying into a classical mixture. This experiment points toward robustly encoding quantum information in multidimensional steady-state manifolds.
pSymA-Dependent Mobilization of the Sinorhizobium meliloti pSymB Megaplasmid

ABSTRACT Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021 carries two megaplasmids, pSymA of 1,354 kb and pSymB of 1,683 kb, which are essential in establishing symbiosis with its legume hosts and important for bacterial fitness in the rhizosphere. We have previously shown that pSymA is self-transmissible and that its conjugal functions are regulated by the transcriptional repressor RctA. Here, we show conjugal transfer of pSymB as an in trans mobilization event that requires the type IV secretion system encoded by pSymA. pSymB carries a functional oriT and an adjacent relaxase gene, traA2, that is also transcriptionally repressed by rctA. Both symbiotic megaplasmids would require the relaxase genes in cis with their respective oriTs to achieve the highest transfer efficiencies.
MODERNIZATION AND SPORT: THE REFORM OF SPORT ENGLAND AND UK SPORT

This article evaluates the impact of New Labour’s ‘modernization project’ on two key non-departmental public bodies for sport, Sport England and UK Sport. Our analysis concentrates on identifying the sources of the general momentum for modernization in the sport sector, how it has been interpreted by government in relation to the two organizations, the nature and consequences of modernization for both organizations, and the future of modernization. The analysis is informed by a range of public documents produced by government and by the two sports agencies, together with a series of seven interviews conducted with senior staff and members of Sport England and UK Sport and with senior civil servants in the Department for Culture, Media and Sport. Our conclusions suggest that modernization has resulted in a narrowing of the two organizations’ objectives, the adoption of business-like principles and a ‘command and control’ regime in relationships with key frontline delivery partners.