Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MEASUREMENT OF UPPER LIMB MUSCLE FATIGUE USING DEEP BELIEF NETWORKS

In recent years, a robust increasing interest has been observed in wearable devices featuring smart health, smart fitness, and human–machine interaction applications. While we gained some advances on use of surface electromyography (sEMG) signals recorded from upper extremities for controlling external devices, only limited attempt has been made to track the status of targeted muscles and forecast muscle fatigue onset. In this study, we address use of sEMG signals acquired from upper extremities to predict onset of muscle fatigue using deep belief networks (DBNs) as a learning mechanism. We demonstrate that a deep architecture can learn from raw data and provide comparable performance to feature-based approaches. Experimental results show that the DBNs model investigated in this study achieves an average classification accuracy of 85.3% without any subject-oriented calibration and achieves a best case accuracy of 97.60%. A transient-to-fatigue state is introduced before the fatigue onsets as an early warning state. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the performance of the popular deep models in real fatigue detection applications. The model provides a promising result compared with state-of-art works without any feature selection process, which could potentially generate better features while reducing the requirement for expertise in data.
An equivalent circuit model of miniature double e-shaped meander line printed monopole antenna

An equivalent circuit model of the UHF miniature double E-shaped meander line printed monopole antenna is presented. The proposed antenna has a simple structure and small antenna size of 46.8 mm x 74 mm or 0.137 Lambda0 x 0.217 Lambda0 at 878 MHz resonant frequency. Advanced Design System (ADS) software is used to develop the antenna circuit model. Each section of the antenna structure is represented by the inductance and capacitance circuit with their values are depending on the width and length of the structure. The circuit model is developed based on common discontinuities in the microstrip line. The performance of the circuit model in terms of return loss is compared with the CST simulation for a validation. The printed monopole antenna is having similar radiation characteristics as an ideal wire monopole where it radiates uniformly in all directions.
Lidar transmitter offers "non-diffracting" property through short distance in highly-dense random media

Non-diffracting beam (NDB) is useful in lidar transmitter because of its high propagation efficiency and high resolution. We aimed to generate NDB in random media such as haze and cloud. The laboratory experiment was conducted with diluted processed milk (fat: 1.8%, 1.1μmφ). Narrow view angle detector of 5.5mrad was used to detect the forward scattering waveform. We obtained the central peak of NDB at the propagation distance of 5cm ~ 30cm in random media by adjusting the concentration of <10%.
Resolver-To-Digital Conversion Based on Acceleration-Compensated Angle Tracking Observer

To obtain a rotary motor’s position, resolver-to-digital conversion conventionally adopts phase-locked loop-based type-II angle tracking observer (ATO), which generally performs well yet incurs steady-state position error when the motor accelerates. It inevitably weakens the motor drive system’s performance in applications such as electric vehicle, where the speed changes frequently. This paper proposes acceleration-compensated ATO that utilizes its own estimated speed to generate a signal proportional to the motor’s acceleration, and thus, compensate for the position error. First, it is theoretically verified that the proposed ATO can accurately estimate the rotor position of an accelerating motor. Also, its stability condition is deduced. Second, since the proposed observer, a third-order system, is too complicated to analyze directly, first-order and second-order systems are designated to approximate it, respectively, under two certain circumstances. Based on which, a simple guideline is summarized on how to tune the proposed ATO so that it may retain the merits of the conventional one while estimating the rotor position free of steady-state error. Finally, on a resolver mounted on a 20-kW permanent magnet synchronous motor, experiments are carried out. Experimental results demonstrate the ability of the acceleration-compensated ATO to precisely track an accelerating motor’s position in comparison with that of its conventional counterpart.
Lion Pride Optimization Algorithm: A meta-heuristic method for global optimization problems

This paper presents a new non-gradient nature-inspired method, Lion Pride Optimization Algorithm (LPOA) for solving optimal design problems. This method is inspired by the natural collective behavior of lions in their social groups "lion prides". Comparative studies are carried out using fifteen mathematical examples, two benchmark structural design problems, in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The LPOA algorithm is also compared with other algorithms for some mathematical and structural problems. The results have proven that the proposed algorithm provides desirable performance in terms of accuracy and convergence speed in all the considered problems.
HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECT OF DIETARY FIBER FEEDS MADE FROM DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF MILLET ON STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

The ground samples of Pearl millet, Finger millet, Foxtail millet and Proso millet were evaluated biochemically and following nutrients were determined i.e. moisture, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber, lignin and cellulose. The fiber feeds were prepared with some necessary alterations to the Basic Purified Diet 93-G for rats, recommended by American Institute of Nutrition (AIN). The rats (n=36) were divided equally into 6 groups. There were two control groups of rats comprising of normal rats and Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats which were fed on fed on Basic Purified Diet AIN-93-G, while the 4 other groups were fed on Dietary Fiber Feeds (DFF) prepared with different types of millet. All of these groups were monitored for random blood glucose (mg/dl) for a six-week time period.It was found that both Pearl Millet and Finger Millet had a significant effect on the lowering the random blood glucose (RBS) level in experimental animals. However, Finger Millet proved to have a significantly (p<0.05) greater effect on lowering RBS than Pearl Millet.
On the stability of time-periodic pipe flow

Adumbrate in a century of determined scientific investigati on is the significance of pipe-flow research. The transition to tur bulence of fluid flows though these rigid, circular geometries i s of interest in many and often diverse branches of science and en gineering. Despite this context, very little is know of the mec hanisms and instabilities responsible for moving the system a way from the laminar basin.
Snapshot diffractive computational imaging spectroscopy

With the increase in the lens aperture and widen in the spectrum, the dispersion range of diffractive optic image spectrometer (DOIS) is also growing. Large scale axial scanning increases the difficulty of system design and manufacturing of the GEO spectrometer. In this Letter, an efficient method and system for hyperspectral imaging of GEO orbit is realized by fusing diffractive optic and light field imaging technology. The emergence of the light field imaging technology provides a perfect solution for DOIS. Our system is a snapshot spectrometer that projects the spectral and spatial information simultaneously onto a CCD detector. Here a spectrometer system that operates in the 500-650nm band is designed and the performance of the system is analyzed and evaluated. Experiments are shown to illustrate the performance improvement attained by the new model. Our analysis shows that the novel snapshot hyperspectral diffractive computational image spectrometer is no-slit, high throughout, feasible and usable imager that can be widely built for many fields.
On Classes of Set Optimization Problems which are Reducible to Vector Optimization Problems and its Impact on Numerical Test Instances

Set optimization with the set approach has recently gained increasing interest due to its practical relevance. In this problem class one studies optimization problems with a set-valued objective map and defines optimality based on a direct comparison of the images of the objective function, which are sets here. Meanwhile, in the literature a wide range of theoretical tools as scalarization approaches and derivative concepts as well as first numerical algorithms are available. These numerical algorithms require on the one hand test instances where the optimal solution sets are known. On the other hand, in most examples and test instances in the literature only set-valued maps with a very simple structure are used. We study in this paper such special set-valued maps and we show that some of them are such simple that they can equivalently be expressed as a vector optimization problem. Thus we try to start drawing a line between simple set-valued problems and such problems which have no representation as multiobjective problems. Those having a representation can be used for defining test instances for numerical algorithms with easy verifiable optimal solution set.
Syntheses, Structures, and Corrosion Inhibition of Various Alkali Metal Carboxylate Complexes

Complexes of the alkali metals Li-Cs with 3-thiophenecarboxylate (3tpc), 2-methyl-3-furoate (2m3fur), 3-furoate (3fur), 4-hydroxycinnamate (4hocin), and 4-hydroxybenzoate (4hob) ions were prepared via neutralisation reactions, and the structures of [Li2(3tpc)2]n (1Li); [K2(3tpc)2]n (1K); [Rb(3tpc)(H2O)]n (1Rb); [Cs{H(3tpc)2}]n (1Cs); [Li2(2m3fur)2(H2O)3] (2Li); [K2(2m3fur)2(H2O)]n (2K); [Li(3fur)]n(3Li); [K(4hocin](H2O)3]n (4K); [Rb{H(4hocin)2}]n.nH2O (4Rb); [Cs(4hocin)(H2O)]n (4Cs); [Li(4hob)]n (5Li); [K(4hob)(H2O)3]n (5K); [Rb(4hob)(H2O)]n (5Rb); and [Cs(4hob)(H2O)]n (5Cs) were determined via X-ray crystallography. Bulk products were also characterised via XPD, IR, and TGA measurements. No sodium derivatives could be obtained as crystallographically suitable single crystals. All were obtained as coordination polymers with a wide variety of carboxylate-binding modes, except for dinuclear 2Li. Under conditions that normally gave coordinated carboxylate ions, the ligation of hydrogen dicarboxylate ions was observed in 1Cs and 4Rb, with short H-bonds and short O…O distances associated with the acidic hydrogen. The alkali-metal carboxylates showed corrosion inhibitor properties inferior to those of the corresponding rare-earth carboxylates.
Ni(II)-Salophen—Comprehensive Analysis on Electrochemical and Spectral Characterization and Biological Studies

New aspects of the Ni(II)-salophen complex and salophen ligand precursor were found during deep electrochemical and optical characterization, as well as biological studies for new pharmacological applications. Physicochemical and spectroscopic methods (1H- and 13C-NMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis, electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and molar conductance measurements) were also used to prove that the salophen ligand acts as a tetradentate and coordinates to the central metal through nitrogen and oxygen atoms. The electrochemical behavior of the free Schiff salophen ligand (H2L) and its Ni(II) complex (Ni(II)L) was deeply studied in tetrabutylammonium perchlorate solutions in acetonitrile via CV, DPV, and RDE. Blue films on the surfaces of the electrodes as a result of the electropolymerization processes were put in evidence and characterized via CV and DPV. (H2L) and Ni(II)L complexes were tested for their antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant activity, showing good antimicrobial and antifungal activity against several bacteria and fungi.
Geometric gradient flow in space of smooth embeddings

Given an embedding φ : M → RN of a closed, compact manifold into N -dimensional Euclidean space, we aim to perform gradient flow of a penalty function P : Emb(M,RN )→ R in the space Emb(M,RN ) to find an ideal manifold embedding. We study the computation of the gradient for a penalty function that contains both a curvature and distance term. We also find a lower bound for how long an embedding φ(M) will remain in the space of embeddings when moving in a fixed, normal gradient direction. Finally, we study the distance penalty function in a special case in which we can prove short time existence of the flow using the Cauchy-Kovalevskaya Theorem.
Efek Pin Hole Untuk Menekan Efek Multilensa Pada Komunikasi Free Space Optics

Teknologi FSOC pada jaringan teresterial memanfaatkan media atmosfer yang sangat terpengaruh kondisi cuaca sebagai media propagasi informasi sinyal optik. Pengaruh kondisi cuaca ini menyebabkan media atmosfer mengalami turbulens. Akibat turbulens atmosfer, teknologi FSOC dihadapkan oleh tantangan terbesar dimana salah satunya terjadi efek multi lensa akibat gradient temperature di atmosfer yang menyebabkan sinar meleset dari titik penerima.Gangguan yang terjadi pada FSOC bersifat random dan fluktuatif dalam domain spasial dan waktu sehingga dilakukan pendekatan secara statistik untuk menganalisa gelombang yang dipropagasikan pada sistem FSOC. Pengujian eksperimen penelitian melalui pendekatan dengan teknik SISO FSOC (Single-input single output) dengan menggunakan laser He-Ne pada panjang gelombang 632 nm. Sistem dirancang dengan menggunakan pin hole di receiver FSOC dimana pada eksperimen ini terjadi peningkatan nilai SNR sebesar 7.3443 dB saat sistem diuji menggunakan pin hole 10 μm.
Prediction of mineral product price based on mean reversion model

The mean-reversion model is introduced into the study of mineral product price prediction. The gold price data from January 2018 to December 2021 are selected, and a mean-reverting stochastic process simulation of the gold price was carried out using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method. By comparing the statistical results and trend curves of the mean-reversion (MR) model, geometric Brownian motion (GBM) model, time series model and actual price, it is proved that the mean-reversion process is valid in describing the price fluctuation of mineral product. At the same time, by comparing with the traditional prediction methods, the mean-reversion model can quantitatively assess the uncertainty of the predicted price through a set of equal probability stochastic simulation results, so as to provide data support and decision-making basis for the risk analysis of future economy. Prognozowanie ceny Produktu Mineralnego w oParciu o Model średniej rewersji S ł o w a k l u c z o w e cena produktu mineralnego, model średniej rewersji, symulacja Monte Carlo, analiza niepewności S t r e s z c z e n i e W badaniach predykcji cen produktów mineralnych wprowadzono model średniej rewersji. Wybrano dane dotyczące cen złota od stycznia 2018 do grudnia 2021 r. , a symulację ceny złota w procesie odwracania średniej przeprowadzono metodą symulacji Monte Carlo (MCS). Porównując wyniki statystyczne i krzywe trendu modelu średniej rewersji (MR), modelu geometrycznego ruchu Browna (GBM), modelu szeregów czasowych i rzeczywistej ceny, udowodniono, że proces średniej rewersji jest prawidłowy w opisie fluktuacji cen na produkt mineralny. Jednocześnie, porównując z tradycyjnymi metodami predykcji, model średniej rewersji może ilościowo oszacować niepewność przewidywanej ceny za pomocą zestawu wyników symulacji stochastycznej równego prawdopodobieństwa, w celu zapewnienia wsparcia danych i podstawy decyzyjnej do analizy ryzyka przyszłej gospodarki.
Prediction of Stock Price Time Series using Transformers

This work presents an implementation of the Transformer on the problem of predicting stock prices from time series. The model is compared with ARIMA and a neural network with LSTM cells. We hypothesize that, due to the powerful memory capacity and association between series values, the Transformer would be able to achieve better results than other shallow or deep solutions. The data used in the experiments is the average daily prices of 8 shares of the Ibovespa index in the period of 2008. The obtained results corroborated the hypothesis of superiority of the Transformer which predicted the stock prices with higher accuracy in 60% of the times.
Transforming Intractable Policy Conflicts: A Qualitative Study Examining the Novel Application of Facilitated Discourse (Track Two Diplomacy) to Community Water Fluoridation in Calgary, Canada

Governments face challenges in resolving complex health and social policy conflicts, such as the community water fluoridation (CWF) impasse in Calgary. Track Two diplomacy, informal dialogues facilitated by an impartial third party, is proposed to address these issues amid epistemic conflict and declining public trust in fellow citizens, science, and government. This study examined Track Two diplomacy’s application in Calgary’s CWF policy conflict. Collaborating with policymakers and community partners, the research team explored a Track Two–CWF process and conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with policymakers, scholars, practitioners, observers, and civil society representatives. Data interpretation explored contextual factors, conflict transformation potential, and design features for a Track Two process. A conflict map revealed factors contributing to impasse: the polarizing nature of a binary policy question on fluoridation; disciplinary silos; failed public engagement; societal populism; societal lack of disposition to dialogue; individual factors (adverse impact of conflict on stakeholders, adherence to extreme positions, issue fatigue, apathy, and lack of humility); together with policy-making factors (perceived lack of leadership, lack of forum to dialogue, polarization and silos). Participants suggested reframing the issue as nonbinary, involving a skilled facilitator, convening academics, and considering multiple dialogue tracks for a Track Two process. The first theory of change would focus on personal attitudes, relationships, and culture. Participants expressed cautious optimism about Track Two diplomacy’s potential. Track Two diplomacy offers a promising approach to reframe intractable public health policy conflicts by moving stakeholders from adversarial positions to jointly assessing and solving problems. Further empirical evidence is needed to test the suggested process.
cCPE Fusion Proteins as Molecular Probes to Detect Claudins and Tight Junction Dysregulation in Gastrointestinal Cell Lines, Tissue Explants and Patient-Derived Organoids

Claudins regulate paracellular permeability, contribute to epithelial polarization and are dysregulated during inflammation and carcinogenesis. Variants of the claudin-binding domain of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cCPE) are highly sensitive protein ligands for generic detection of a broad spectrum of claudins. Here, we investigated the preferential binding of YFP- or GST-cCPE fusion proteins to non-junctional claudin molecules. Plate reader assays, flow cytometry and microscopy were used to assess the binding of YFP- or GST-cCPE to non-junctional claudins in multiple in vitro and ex vivo models of human and rat gastrointestinal epithelia and to monitor formation of a tight junction barrier. Furthermore, YFP-cCPE was used to probe expression, polar localization and dysregulation of claudins in patient-derived organoids generated from gastric dysplasia and gastric cancer. Live-cell imaging and immunocytochemistry revealed cell polarity and presence of tight junctions in glandular organoids (originating from intestinal-type gastric cancer and gastric dysplasia) and, in contrast, a disrupted diffusion barrier for granular organoids (originating from discohesive tumor areas). In sum, we report the use of cCPE fusion proteins as molecular probes to specifically and efficiently detect claudin expression, localization and tight junction dysregulation in cell lines, tissue explants and patient-derived organoids of the gastrointestinal tract.
Acceptability, Appropriateness and Feasibility of a Nurse-Led Integrated Care Intervention for Patients with Severe Exacerbation of COPD from the Healthcare Professional’s Perspective – A Mixed Method Study

Purpose To improve inpatient care and self-management in patients with severe acute exacerbations of COPD, we implemented a nurse-led behavioral intervention. This study aimed to assess implementation outcomes from the perspective of the healthcare professionals (HCP) who delivered it. Methods Using an explanatory sequential mixed method approach, we conducted an online questionnaire and two small group interviews. We applied descriptive statistics for quantitative data, a framework analysis for qualitative data, and a mixed methods matrix to integrate the results. Results A total of 19 of 27 invited participants answered the online questionnaire; 9 of 19 participated in the group interviews. The intervention’s overall acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility was rated high to very high (median 5/5; 4/5 and 4/5). Enablers to implementation included general recognition of the need for specialized care, sufficient knowledge of the intervention by HCP, and strong interprofessional collaboration. Main barriers included the lack of resident physician’s resources and difficulties in adaptability. Conclusion While the acceptance of the intervention was very high, the perceived appropriateness and feasibility were affected by its complexity. The availability of a knowledgeable interprofessional core team is a strategy that supports the implementation of complex interventions.
Numerical study of the Vishniac instability in cooled supernova remnants

Aims. The Vishniac instability is thought to explain the complex structure of radiative supernova remnants (SNRs) when a blast wave has propagated from a central explosion. Methods. In this paper, we present numerical studies with the two-dimensional (2D) code HADES. We compare simulations of non-cooling perturbed SNRs, with simulations of perturbed SNRs experiencing radiative losses. In the first case, a low adiabatic index involves a high compression rate that can mimic the effect of radiative losses, whereas a cooling function is used in the second case. Results. The development of the perturbation is analyzed with and without cooling. First, we show that with no cooling but with a low adiabatic index, the perturbation grows in agreement with the theory. Second, although in a first stage the initial Vishniac instability (VI) vanishes for SNR undergoing radiative losses and a large adiabatic index equal to 5/3, simulations show that at a later time a new and growing perturbation appears and the mode l′ of this new perturbation is twice the mode l of the initial one (l′ = 2 × l). Conclusions. Simulating SNR evolutions in similar conditions to theoretical conditions, that is, an adiabatic expansion and adiabatic index lower than 1.2, VI is found to occur in accordance with theoretical predictions. When cooling, instead of a low adiabatic index, which is included in the model, simulations demonstrate that in the late stage of SNR evolution, a doubled mode VI develops even for an adiabatic index equal to 5/3. These two phenomena, VI for high adiabatic index and the mode doubling process, are new and demonstrated in this paper.