Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Line and circle formation of distributed autonomous mobile robots with limited sensor range

Abstract : In the literature, formation problems for idealized distributed autonomous mobile robots were studied. Idealized robots are represented by a dimensionless point, are able to instantaneously move in any direction and are equipped with perfect range sensors. In this thesis, line and circle formation problems of distributed mobile robots that are subjected to physical constraints are addressed. It is assumed that mobile robots have physical dimensions, and their motions are governed by physical laws. They are equipped with sonar and infrared sensors in which sensor ranges are limited. A new line algorithm based on least-square line fitting, a new circle algorithm, and a merge algorithm are presented. All the algorithms are developed with consideration of physical robots and realistic sensors, and are validated through extensive simulations. Formation problems for mobile robots with limited visibility are also studied. In this case, robots are assumed to be randomly distributed in a large rectangular field such that one robot may not see other robots. An algorithm is developed that makes each robot converge to the center of the field before executing a line or circle algorithm.
Elastic scattering of electrons by krypton and the free-free absorption coefficient of Kr-

Elastic scattering of electrons by krypton atoms is considered using the R-matrix method. Phaseshifts, differential, integral and momentum transfer cross sections are reported for electron impact energies in the range 0.01-16 eV. The free-free absorption coefficient of the negative ion of krypton is also calculated for wavelengths longer than 1500 AA and for a wide range of temperatures.
Nonparametric estimation of generalized impulse response function

A local linear estimator of generalized impulse response (GIR) functions for nonlinear conditional heteroskedastic autoregressive processes is derived and shown to be asymptotically normal. A plug-in bandwidth is obtained that minimizes the asymptotical mean squared error of the GIR estimator. A local linear estimator for the conditional variance function is proposed which has simpler bias than the standard estimator. This is achieved by appropriately eliminating the conditional mean. Alternatively to the direct local linear estimators of the k-step prediction functions which enter the GIR estimator the use of multi-stage prediction techniques is suggested. Simulation experiments show the latter estimator to perform best. For quarterly data of the West German real GNP it is found that the size of generalized impulse response functions varies across different histories , a feature which cannot be captured by linear models.
Distortion correction for a wide-angle lens based on real-time digital image processing

Images captured with wide-angle lenses suffer from spatial distortion, which prevents accurate measure and feature extraction. In this work, a mathematical model based on polynomial mapping is used to map the images from distorted image space onto the corrected image space. The model parameters include the polynomial coefficients, distortion center, and dot center. A new technique to estimate the distortion center based on the evaluation function is presented. In dot center estimation, a seed fill algorithm is used to traverse all pixels. The expansion polynomial was obtained by using cubic spline interpolation. With a field programmable gate array (FPGA), the real-time distortion correction is implemented, which is independent of a computer. The major benefit using FPGA is that the same circuit can be used for other circularly symmetric wide-angle lenses without being modified.
The C.I.E. colorimetric standards and their use

The new international standards, which define a standard observer, three standard illuminants, standard conditions of illuminating and viewing opaque specimens, a standard for evaluating the brightness factor of opaque specimens, and a standard trichromatic system for the expression of colour measurements, are stated and their origin explained. In addition to the numerical tables which are appended to the resolutions setting up these standards, there are given a table specifying the trichromatic coordinates for the standard observer of all spectral colours at wave-length intervals of 1 mμ, tables to facilitate the calculation of the standard coordinates and the brightness factor of a material illuminated by any one of the three standard illuminants from spectrophotometric measurements on the material, and a table giving the coordinates of some stimuli of special importance on the N.P.L. system, the standard system, and another system which occurs in the resolutions. Some new colorimetric terms are proposed, partly to avoid misinterpretation and partly to meet new needs. The theory of colour transformations, and points which arise in the application of the system and in the calibration of instruments, are discussed.
The development of a compact free spectral range semiconductor laser biosensor

We present a new evanescent field sensor based on InP/InGaAsP ridge waveguide semiconductor lasers. The laser itself forms an integrated sensing chip containing both a light source and a waveguide. Simple modifications are made to readily available devices, meaning that the chips could form very compact and cost effective sensors.
Dataset Evaluation for Data Trading Using Expected Loss and Dataset Evaluation for Data Trading Using Expected Loss and Homomorphic Encryption Homomorphic Encryption

OF THE THESIS Dataset Evaluation for Data Trading Using Expected Loss and Homomorphic Encryption by Minsung (Michael) Joo Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics and Computer Science Washington University in St. Louis, April 2022 Research Advisor: Professor Netanel Raviv Supervised machine learning suffers from the “garbage-in garbage-out” phenomenon where the performance of a model is limited by the quality of the data. While a myriad of data is collected every second, there is no general rigorous method of evaluating the quality of a given dataset. This hinders fair pricing of data in scenarios where a buyer may look to buy data for use with machine learning. In this work, I propose using the expected loss corresponding to a dataset as a measure of its quality, relying on Bayesian methods for uncertainty quantification. Furthermore, I present a secure multi-party computation protocol with homomorphic encryption, assuming semi-honest parties, for computation of the expected loss between the buyer and the seller without compromising the data. With experimental results, I show the promise of this approach and also current limitations in real-life feasibility.
Toward Global Convergence for Strongly Nonlinear Ill-Posed Problems via a Regularizing Multilevel Approach

In this paper, we propose a multilevel method for solving nonlinear ill-posed operator equations By minimizing the distance to some initial guess under the constraint of a discretized version of the operator equation for different levels of discretization, we define a sequence of regularized approximations to the exact solution, which is shown to be stable and convergent for arbitrary initial guess and can be computed via a multilevel procedure that altogether yields a globally convergent method. Moreover, this approach enables one to relax restrictions on the nonlinearity of the forward operator, as were used in previous work on regularization methods for nonlinear ill-posed problems.
Characterization of microvoids in carbon fibers by absolute small‐angle x‐ray measurements on a fiber bundle

A method has been developed to characterize the voids in a fibrous material by using the small‐angle x‐ray scattering from a unidirectionally aligned fiber bundle, and the parameters evaluating the sizes, volume fraction, and number of the voids have been deduced. The distribution of cross‐section size of voids has also been considered in relation to the size parameters deduced. The method developed has been applied to a commercial carbon fiber. The values of the size parameters of the carbon fiber, evaluated experimentally by the method developed here, are in good agreement with those calculated by assuming that the distribution of the cross‐section size of voids obeys a Maxwellian distribution. A convenient method for determining the primary beam power by comparing the observed and theoretically calculated scattering intensities of air has also been developed in order to measure the scattering intensity of a specimen in absolute units.
Microscopic theory for Gilbert damping in materials with inhomogeneous spin dynamics

We study Gilbert damping in bulk metallic ferromagnets in the presence of nonmagnetic and magnetic impurities. A microscopic expression is obtained for the Gilbert damping parameter using linear response theory with respect to the interaction between magnetization and the conduction electrons in the ferromagnets. In an inhomogeneous precession system, a space-dependent damping torque term of the form ηM×∇r2M· is added to the space-independent term αM×M·. We show that the magnetic impurities contribute to both α and η, but the nonmagnetic impurities to only η in the absence of spin-orbit coupling.
Transient Heat Conduction and Analysis of Thermal Stresses in Thin Circular Plate

In this paper, the solution of the problem of transient heat conduction in a thin circular plate subjected to some different types of boundary conditions is obtained in the form of infinite series by employing the integral transform technique. It is assumed that the plate is in the plane state of stress and initially the temperature of the plate is kept at zero. The first type of boundary condition is that in which a linear combination of temperature and its normal derivative is prescribed on the circular edge as well as on the plane surfaces of the plate. Using the expression for the temperature function, we determine the displacement function and stresses within the plate. The second type of boundary condition is that in which the upper surface is kept at arbitrary temperature, lower surface is kept at zero and circular edge is insulated. Two other problems involving boundary conditions similar to those of the second type are also discussed.
Precise control of the blue-shift of the wavelength in InGaAs-InGaAsP multiple quantum wells using a sputtered SiO/sub 2/ technique

Use of the sputtered SiO/sub 2/ technique for quantum well intermixing, a post-growth technique which modifies the quantum well profile, to introduce a blue-shift of the optical absorption edge, makes it possible to integrate the passive and active components monolithically and therefore allow extensive photonic integration which is cost effective and flexible. Although the different bandgaps can be implemented by several sputter-annealing cycles, it is tedious and less reliable. In this paper, we report a new technique to achieve the different bandgaps in a single stage sputtering-annealing step. The technique is simple, reliable, and more importantly, the tuning of the wavelength is precise.
A Forecasting Method for Management of Seasonal Style-Goods Inventories

Because of high obsolescence costs, optimum decisions on the amounts of highly seasonal, styled items to place into inventory in anticipation of customer orders hinge primarily on the probabilities of selling these amounts before the end of the season. In a study of the operations of a textile manufacturer, methods, were developed for determining based on sales data the duration and timing of the selling seasons, and for forecasting total sales for the season for each individual item in the line, at different probability levels. From these, criteria for weekly re-evaluation of inventories are established.
An Improved Differential Evolution and its Application in Function Optimization Problem

An Improved Differential evolution (IDE) is proposed in this paper. It has some new features: 1) using multi-parent search strategy and stochastic ranking strategy to maintain the diversity of the population; 2) a novel convex mutation to accelerate the convergence rate of the classical DE algorithm. ; The algorithm of this paper is tested on 13 benchmark optimization problems with linear or/and nonlinear constraints and compared with other evolutionary algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate that the performance of IDE outperforms DE in terms of the quality of the final solution and the stability.
Penerapan Metode

Simulation is a process with the aim of getting the desired results, the simulation in this study aims to predict the number of prospective new students at the University of Muhammadiyah Bengkulu. The problems that existed in the process of accepting new students at the University of Muhammadiyah Bengkulu were previously still carried out manually with the registration stage until the student was accepted by the campus so that the new student admission process every year would cause a buildup of data that would be difficult to recapitulate and difficult to predict the results of new student admissions because it was based on the absence of admission limits or student quotas. new from Muhammadiyah Bengkulu University itself. With this simulation system of predicting the number of new students, it is hoped that it will be able to predict the number of new students who enter each year in the future. The application of the Monte Carlo method is an alternative method in managing data for prediction so that it can make it easier to determine the number of new student admissions at the University of Muhammadiyah Bengkulu. Data collection is carried out by means of direct observation to the object by taking samples of existing data in 2015 – 2019. With this research, it is hoped that it can find out the number of prospective new students who can provide information and input for universities in making future policies. From the results of this test, it was found that by applying the monte carlo method, it can predict the number of prospective new students, with the monte carlo method and an accuracy rate of 92.49%.
Relativistic perturbation method for two-electron systems

The perturbation theory on the relativistic basis has been applied to calculate the energies of two-electron systems. The results for the energy of noninteracting electrons have been taken from the work by Johnson and Soff. For the first order both a precise calculation has been made and an αZ-expansion has been obtained. For the second order a precise calculation of the nonrelativistic limit is available, i.e. that of the first term of the αZ-expansion. Subsequent terms of the αZ-expansion have been evaluated on the basis of the screening constant method. General formulae for the first and second orders for any states of a two-electron system are given. Numerical results of the ionisation potential are given for the states 1s2½, 1s½ 2s½, 1s½ 2pj with Z = 10-100.
Local Grain Orientation and Strain in Polycrystalline YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7−δ Superconductor Thin Films Measured by Raman Spectroscopy

We report direct measurements of local grain orientation and residual strain in polycrystalline, C-axis oriented thin YBa2Cu3O7−δ superconducting films using polarized Raman spectroscopy. Strain dependence of the Ag Raman active mode at 335 cm−1 was calibrated and used to measure local strain in the films. Our data showed that high quality films are associated with the connected path of uniform grain orientation (single crystal-like) across the film and uniform residual strain in the range of −0.3%. Nonuniform grain orientation or high angle grain boundaries and nonuniform local strains were associated with low quality films.
OLLABORATIVE FOR A CADEMIC

This article presents ﬁndings from a meta-analysis of 213 school-based, universal social and emotional learning (SEL) programs involving 270,034 kindergarten through high school students. Compared to controls, SEL participants demonstrated signiﬁcantly improved social and emotional skills, attitudes, behavior, and academic performance that reﬂected an 11-percentile-point gain in achievement. School teaching staff successfully conducted SEL programs. The use of 4 recommended practices for developing skills and the presence of implementation problems moderated program outcomes. The ﬁndings add to the growing empirical evidence regarding the positive impact of SEL programs. Policy makers, educators, and the public can contribute to healthy development of children by supporting the incorporation of evidence-based SEL programming into standard educational practice.
Measurement of the spectral characteristics of telecommunication fiber emitted at high temperatures

The fiber optic sensors have a great possibilities thanks to its sizes, features and usage possibilities in measurement engineering. Optical fiber is mostly used as a medium for the transfer of information, but if we consider an optical fiber as a sensor then the other usage can be found for example in medicine or biology. If the optical fiber is heated by sufficiently high temperature, the light signal starts to be emitted in the internal structure. This signal has a spectral characteristic, which can be used for evaluation of temperature thanks to quality analysis. The article will describe the evaluation of spectral characteristics for utilizationof optical fiber as fiber optic sensor for very high temperatures.
Numerical simulation of radar surveillance for the ship target and oceanic clutters in two‐dimensional model

A fast iterative approach of generalized forward‐backward method with the spectrum acceleration algorithm (GFBM/SAA) is developed for solving electromagnetic field integral equation and is applied to numerical simulation of radar surveillance of the ship target and oceanic clutters in two‐dimensional (2‐D) model. Randomly rough surface is realized by the Monte Carlo method using the 1‐D Pierson‐Moskowitz spectrum. Numerical results of bistatic and backscattering from the ship target and oceanic clutters demonstrate the functional dependencies upon the situation of radar surveillance such as the incidence and observation angles, radar altitude, ship RCS, and other oceanic conditions.
International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, Oct-2022 ISSN (2226-8235) Vol-11, Issue 10

The study's primary objective was to assess teachers' perceptions of innovative science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) teaching in China and Ghana. Three research goals were established to meet this primary research purpose; precisely, the study attempted to; find out how STEAM teaching practice has been implemented China and Ghana; the perceived values and challenges teachers face during the practice of STEAM education in China and Ghana and the suggestions of development of STEAM education in China and Ghana and implications for the rest of the world. The research approach included document gathering, document sorting by relevance, noting thematic concepts, grouping the concepts into a set of categories, and constructing major themes from these categories. After analyzing the associated ideas and codes, sub-themes, and themes culled from many sources of literature, we interpreted each subject in connection to its conceptual codes and sub-themes in the context of STEAM education. The research included five instructors from five schools in Accra, Ghana, and Zhejiang Province, China. The study found that both Ghana and China alluded the fact that the practice STEAM to a certain degree. Teacher in Zhejiang province indicated their preference for discipline specific STEAM integration while teachers in Ghana supported the content-specific STEAM approach out of the four main approaches used. Both countries revealed that they derived benefits from STEAM. This includes adding to relevance to learning material; helping students develop preparedness for college; empowering students; encouraging students to go beyond the comfort zone; helping students discover their interest and many others. Teachers from two countries further opined some challenges they faced with integrating STEAM in their teaching and learning. This also compose of; difficulty for schools’ leaders to change; difficulty for educators to develop their own level of comfort; difficulty in finding time in the curriculum for project-based learning; difficulty in collaborating with other colleagues; inconsistent access to resource; Colleagues teachers’ perception of STEAM integration, difficulty in balancing district or city initiatives and many more. The study revealed the need for improvement in STEAM integration in both countries by ; gaining support from building school leaders; developing community partnerships; speaking with educators who are already integrating STEAM; taking advantage of STEAM professional development opportunities, sharing their success stories.
: On the Newtonian limit of Einstein’s theory of gravitation

We give an overview of literature related to Jürgen Ehlers’ pioneering 1981 paper on Frame theory—a theoretical framework for the uniﬁcation of general relativity and the equations of classical Newtonian gravitation. This uniﬁcation encompasses the convergence of one-parametric families of four-dimensional solutions of Einstein’s equations of General relativity to a solution of equations of a Newtonian theory if the inverse of a causality constant goes to zero. As such the corresponding light cones open upandbecomespace-likehypersurfacesofconstantabsolutetimeonwhichNewtonian solutionsarefoundasalimitoftheEinsteinianones.Itisexplainedwhatitmeanstonot considerthe‘standard-textbook’Newtoniantheoryofgravitationasacompletetheory unlikeEinstein’stheoryofgravitation.Infact,Ehlers’Frametheorybringstolighta modernviewpointinwhichthe‘standard’equationsofaself-gravitatingNewtonian ﬂuidareMaxwell-typeequations.TheconsequencesofFrametheoryarepresented forNewtoniancosmologicaldustmatterexpressedviathespatiallyprojectedelectric partoftheWeyltensor,andfortheformulationofcharacteristicquasi-Newtonian initialdataonthelightconeofaBondi–Sachsmetric.
Polarization and trust in the evolution of vaccine discourse on Twitter during COVID-19

Trust in vaccination is eroding, and attitudes about vaccination have become more polarized. This is an observational study of Twitter analyzing the impact that COVID-19 had on vaccine discourse. We identify the actors, the language they use, how their language changed, and what can explain this change. First, we find that authors cluster into several large, interpretable groups, and that the discourse was greatly affected by American partisan politics. Over the course of our study, both Republicans and Democrats entered the vaccine conversation in large numbers, forming coalitions with Antivaxxers and public health organizations, respectively. After the pandemic was officially declared, the interactions between these groups increased. Second, we show that the moral and non-moral language used by the various communities converged in interesting and informative ways. Finally, vector autoregression analysis indicates that differential responses to public health measures are likely part of what drove this convergence. Taken together, our results suggest that polarization around vaccination discourse in the context of COVID-19 was ultimately driven by a trust-first dynamic of political engagement.