Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Using Doped Poly(triarylamine) as the Hole Transport Layer

Organolead trihalide perovskite materials have attracted considerable interest because of their successful application in fabricating high-efficiency photovoltaic cells. Charge transport layers play a significant role in improving the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we investigated the p-type doping effect of the poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) layer on the performance of PSCs by using three dopants. We observe that doping copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN) into PTAA led to a higher performance improvement for the PSCs than the use of copper(I) iodide (CuI) or lithium salt (Li-TFSI) as the dopant. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs significantly improved from 14.22% to 18.16% upon doping 2.0 wt % CuSCN with simultaneously enhanced open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and fill factor. The long-term stability of the PSCs was also improved with significantly reduced PCE degradation (from 79% to 25%) after 200 h. Our results provide a simple method .
GEM: Ultra-Efficient Near-Memory Reconfigurable Acceleration for Read Mapping by Dividing and Predictive Scattering

Read mapping, which maps billions of reads to a reference DNA, poses a significant performance bottleneck in genomic analysis. Current accelerators for read mapping are primarily bounded by the intensive and random memory access to huge datasets. Near-data processing (NDP) infrastructures are promising to provide extremely high bandwidth. However, existing frameworks failed to reach this potential due to poor locality and high redundancy. Our idea is to introduce prediction under the insight that candidate mapping positions become predictable when the reference is organized in coarse-grain slices. We present GEM (<underline>Ge</underline>nomic <underline>M</underline>emory), an ultra-efficient near-memory accelerator for read mapping. GEM adopts a novel data-centric framework, named dividing-and-predictive-scattering (DPS), which synthesizes information of seed existence to predict the target mapping locations to reduce memory access redundancy. During preparation, DPS divides the reference into coarse-grained slices and creates predictive filters to assess the likelihood of reads belonging to each slice. During mapping, DPS predicts and scatters reads to considerably fewer slices compared than without prediction. By employing small on-chip SRAM-based predictors with high accuracy, DPS minimizes unnecessary DRAM access and data movement from remote memory. In essence, DPS trades pre-seeding predictors for localized access patterns and low redundancy, hence achieving high throughput for data-intensive applications. We implement GEM by integrating coarse-grain reconfigurable architectures (CGRAs) in the logic layer of a 3D-stacked DRAM infrastructure, utilizing the massive banks as slices. GEM leverages CGRAs for their flexibility in supporting various algorithms tailored to different datasets. Bloom filters are leveraged for slice prediction, providing an error rate below 1%. Evaluation results demonstrate that GEM reduces memory requests by 95% and alignments by 87%, achieving a throughput improvement of 15.3× and 11.0× compared to compute-centric and broadcast-based baselines on the same NDP platform. Overall, GEM achieves a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.5\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>. </mml:mo><mml:mn>5</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="liu-ieq1-3309462.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> throughput improvement and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.1\times$</tex-math><alternatives><mml:math><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>. </mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math><inline-graphic xlink:href="liu-ieq2-3309462.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> energy efficiency compared to state-of-the-art ASIC accelerators.
Checking Secure Interactions of Smart Card Applets: Extended Version

This paper presents an approach enabling a smart card issuer to verify that a new applet securely interacts with already downloaded applets. A security policy has been defined that associates levels to applet attributes and methods and defines authorized flows between levels. We propose a technique based on model checking to verify that actual information flows between applets are authorized. We illustrate our approach on applets involved in an electronic purse running on Java enabled smart cards.
Dynamic Modeling of Mode-Locked Quantum Cascade Lasers

Quantum optoelectronic devices based on nanostructured semiconductor materials offer unique control over the device properties by wavefunction engineering. Among other things, these devices serve as mode-locked laser sources for the generation of regular short-pulse trains at custom-tailored wavelengths, complementing the spectral region covered by conventional diode lasers. Examples include quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) which utilize optical transitions between quantized conduction band states in a multi-quantum-well structure, and quantum dot (QD) lasers employing transitions between three-dimensionally confined electron and hole states. For in-depth analysis of the laser dynamics and targeted design optimization, a realistic and computationally efficient simulation model is required. The Maxwell-Bloch type equations offer a suitable semiclassical approach, combining a classical description of optical propagation with a density matrix model for the quantum active region. We extend this model by adding a realistic and efficient description of saturable absorption as required for short-pulse generation by passive mode-locking, and present a suitable numerical approach.
The Roles of Personal and Environmental Resources in Predicting Work–Family Facilitation and Mental Health among Employed Parents of Children with Disabilities in Croatia

Quantitative research on the positive aspects of work–life integration and the well-being of families with children with disabilities is scarce, especially in the national context. The family can provide gains that enhance work domain functioning (family-to-work facilitation; FWF), and work can provide gains that enhance family domain functioning (work-to-family facilitation; WFF). The aim of this study is to examine the contributions of some personal and environmental resources in explaining WFF and FWF and the mental health of parents of children with disabilities residing in Croatia. The mediational role of WFF and FWF in the relationship between resources and mental health was tested, while controlling for some general socio-demographic variables. A total of 571 employed parents of a child/children with disabilities completed an online self-assessment questionnaire. The results show that higher WFF (19%) was predicted by higher levels of social support at work, a higher level of education, posttraumatic growth (PTG) of personal strength, and recovery management. Higher FWF (46%) was predicted by higher levels of social support in the family, PTG of personal strength, the emotional regulation strategy of reorienting to planning, optimism, a younger age, the male gender, a greater number of children, and a higher level of education. A higher level of mental health (47%) was predicted directly by higher levels of optimism, recovery management, FWF, emotional regulation strategies of positive refocusing and planning, and a greater number of children, and was indirectly predicted by all the predictors of FWF through a higher level of FWF (but not WFF).
Quietly angry, loudly happy

Phone calls are an essential communication channel in today’s contact centers, but they are more difficult to analyze than written or form-based interactions. To that end, companies have traditionally used surveys to gather feedback and gauge customer satisfaction. In this work, we study the relationship between self-reported customer satisfaction (CSAT) and automatic utterance-level indicators of emotion produced by affect recognition models, using a real dataset of contact center calls. We find (1) that positive valence is associated with higher CSAT scores, while the presence of anger is associated with lower CSAT scores; (2) that automatically detected affective events and CSAT response rate are linked, with calls containing anger/positive valence exhibiting respectively a lower/higher response rate; (3) that the dynamics of detected emotions are linked with both CSAT scores and response rate, and that emotions detected at the end of the call have a greater weight in the relationship. These findings highlight a selection bias in self-reported CSAT leading respectively to an over/under-representation of positive/negative affect.
A Novel Robust Control Method for Motion Control of Uncertain Single-Link Flexible-Joint Manipulator

Single-link flexible-joint manipulator (FJM) is a kind of time-varying nonlinear system with underactuated characteristics. This paper takes the uncertain single-link FJM (USLFJM) as the object, and presents a novel robust control approach based on equivalent input disturbance (EID) method for motion control (i.e., position control and trajectory tracking control) of the USLFJM. Based on the uncertain dynamic model and desired target of this system, an error system is constructed. The error system is considered as a linear system with a nonlinear virtual disturbance. The motion control objective of the USLFJM can be realized by globally asymptotically stabilizing this linear system and compensating the influence of the nonlinear virtual disturbance. Then, an EID-based control system is designed to realize this control objective. Only position measurements are utilized in this paper, and the stability of the control system is proved. The simulation results are presented to illustrate the validity and the robustness of the proposed control method.
The Problem of “Problematic School Absenteeism” – On the Logics of Institutional Work with Absent Students’ Well-Being and Knowledge Development

Abstract This article uses neoinstitutional theory to comparatively analyze different actors’ institutional work with “problematic school absenteeism”. Data was generated around four cases, each consisting of absent students and actors who work with absenteeism. The results describe how a dichotomous view of students’ well-being and knowledge development is established among actors, fueled by bureaucratic and professional logics that challenge the idea of integrating a concern for students’ knowledge development and a care for their well-being.
On the Distribution of Muscle Signals: A Method for Distance-Based Classification of Human Gestures

We investigate the distribution of muscle signatures of human hand gestures under Dynamic Time Warping. For this we present a k-Nearest-Neighbors classifier using Dynamic Time Warping for the distance estimate. To understand the resulting classification performance, we investigate the distribution of the recorded samples and derive a method of assessing the separability of a set of gestures. In addition to this, we present and evaluate two approaches with reduced real-time computational cost with regards to their effectiveness and the mechanics behind them. We further investigate the impact of different parameters with regards to practical usability and background rejection, allowing fine-tuning of the induced classification procedure.
Auto-Scalable Software Defined Networking Control Plane for Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) connects billions of heterogenous things via the Internet. Therefore, the IoT network requires many network control methods for dynamic and efficient management. The Software Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm decouples the control plane from the data plane enabling programmability and centralized control and management of the network. Thus, it provides efficient and reliable IoT network management. However, the dynamicity, variability, and scalability of the IoT network topology are still a challenge despite the proposal of the distributed SDN controller as a solution for scalability. More precisely, the distributed controller reveals the distributed states management problem and it is ineffective in the automatization of the highly dynamic and variable IoT network. In this paper, we propose an auto-scalable distributed SDN control plane to manage and control the IoT network. The proposed distributed controller is deployed using Kubernetes. The test results validate the feasibility of our new approach.
Türkiye’nin PISA 2009 ve 2012 Sonuçlarına İlişkin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz

The purpose of this study is to make an international comparative analysis of Turkey’s PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) 2012 performance in reading, math, and science skills according to previous term (2009). The study was designed as descriptive. In the study, the data were derived from OECD PISA 2009 and 2012 reports and PISA databases. The present study shows that in terms of average scores of math and science, the international rank of Turkey has not been changed considerably. In both terms, the proportion of top achievers is quite below OECD average. PISA scores of Turkey in all domains are below OECD average. Nevertheless, Turkey has not achieved the ET 2020 benchmark in terms of decreasing the share of low achievers. However, in terms of reading scores, while Turkey was 31st among 34 OECD countries in 2009, it has raised 27th in 2012; while it was 39th among 65 countries in 2009, it has raised 36th in 2012. Another important result is that Turkey has achieved the European Education and Training 2020 (ET2020) benchmark (<15%) in terms of decreasing the share of low achiever girls (12%)
Passive Intermodulation on Microstrip Induced by Microstructured Edge

Considering the distributed electrothermal coupling effect, passive intermodulation (PIM) products in very long microstrip lines (MLs) have been deeply studied theoretically and experimentally; however, the complex PIM behaviors of short MLs (SMLs) arising from edge defects are still not well presented, and the nonlinearity mechanism has not been revealed until now. In this article, we propose the microscale single- and double-triangle structures to represent intended random defect patterns on the edge of SMLs. Then, we fabricate multiple 20-mm-long SML samples on sapphire crystal wafers employing the metal lift-off technology (MLOT). By PIM measurements and scanning electron microscope (SEM) image observations, we find statistically that the PIM levels of the SMLs with nanoscale depressions and holes on the top edge are over 10 dB higher than that of the SMLs with dense and smooth edges. Based on the statistical approach, we confirm that the discontinuous nanoscale defects on the top edge are the nonlinearity origin. And the microscale structure will enhance the localized electrical field concentration according to the electrical simulations. Considering the electrical field enhancement effect of microscale structure and the nanoscale defects as nonlinearity sources, an analytical PIM model for SMLs is established.
The Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Serum Aminotransferases in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Νon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of end-stage liver disease in developed countries. Oxidative stress plays a key role during the course of the disease and vitamin E supplementation has shown to be beneficial due to its antioxidative properties. We aim to investigate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on serum aminotransferase levels in patients with NAFLD. Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Embase) were reviewed for randomized trials that tested vitamin E supplementation versus placebo or no intervention in patients with NAFLD, published until April 2023. A total of 794 patients from 12 randomized trials were included in this meta-analysis. Notwithstanding the studies’ heterogeneity and moderate internal validity in certain cases, among studies testing vitamin E supplementation at 400 IU/day and above, the values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were reduced compared with placebo or no intervention [ALT Mean Difference (MD) = −6.99 IU/L, 95% CI (−9.63, −4.35), for studies conducted in Asian countries and MD = −9.57 IU/L, 95% CI (−12.20, −6.95) in non-Asian countries]. Regarding aspartate aminotransferase (AST), patients in the experimental group experienced a reduction in serum levels, though smaller in absolute values [AST MD = −4.65 IU/L, 95% CI (−7.44, −1.86) in studies conducted in Asian populations] and of lower precision in non-Asian studies [MD = −5.60 IU/L, 95% CI (−11.48, 0.28)].
Elucidation of the Genetic Diversity within Some In Situ Shea Germplasm in Ghana

Shea is an agroforestry tree species known primarily for its rich butter, which contains stearin and tocopherol, and has ultraviolet ray absorption property; it is used in cooking, body care and traditional medicines. This tree is, however, uncultivated and collection of its nuts by rural dwellers is threatened by increased urbanization with its accompanying land use pressure and the need for fuel wood for rural households. There is also increased demand for shea products worldwide necessitating the need for shea improvement strategies. At the apex of this improvement program lies the need for germplasm collection, characterization, conservation and utilization. In order to conserve elite shea materials amidst dwindling shea populations threatened by climate change, there is a need to develop shea germplasm banks based on the representation of genetic and phenotypic variation focusing on known traits. The objective of the study was to evaluate 282 shea accessions for germplasm conservation and to determine the genetic diversity of the collected materials to inform future collections and drive crop improvement strategies. Leaf traits were used to differentiate and group the selected materials. Leaf length ranged between 16.83 cm and 30.85 cm, and leaf blade length ranged between 12.28 cm and 20.68 cm. Petiole length varied between 5.53 cm and 10.2 cm and the blade to petiole ratio was from 1.41 to 2.69. Correlation studies revealed significant negative correlation between the latitude of collection and all leaf traits measured. There was significant positive correlation between blade length and petiole length (0.57), blade length and total leaf length (0.87) and petiole length and breadth (0.49). The collected materials were grouped at 90% into two, based on the morphological descriptors studied. Three different approaches were employed to genetically analyze the materials based on single nucleotide polymorphic markers (SNP). A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the SNPs generated; this grouped the materials into three, with various subgroups. Principal coordinate analysis also produced three distinct groups with groupings not based on geographical area of collection. Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) also confirmed three groupings. The genetic diversity of the collection was very low (Hs) = 0.0406, which is an indication of potential inbreeding within the shea populations. To conclude, there was higher variation within locations than between locations.
Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Niger: An Exploratory Study

ABSTRACT. Wastewater-based surveillance is increasingly recognized as an important approach to monitoring population-level antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this exploratory study, we examined the use of metagenomics to evaluate AMR using untreated wastewater samples routinely collected by the Niger national polio surveillance program. Forty-eight stored samples from two seasons each year over 4 years (2016–2019) in three regions were selected for inclusion in this study and processed using unbiased DNA deep sequencing. Normalized number of reads of genetic determinants for different antibiotic classes were compared over time, by season, and by location. Correlations in resistance were examined among classes. Changes in reads per million per year were demonstrated for several classes, including decreases over time in resistance determinants for phenicols (–3.3, 95% CI: –8.7 to –0.1, P = 0.029) and increases over time for aminocoumarins (3.8, 95% CI: 0.0 to 11.4, P = 0.043), fluoroquinolones (6.8, 95% CI: 0.0 to 20.5, P = 0.048), and beta-lactams (0.85, 95% CI: 0.1 to 1.7, P = 0.006). Sulfonamide resistance was higher in the post–rainy season compared with the dry season (5.2-fold change, 95% CI: 3.4 to 7.9, P < 0.001). No differences were detected when comparing other classes by season or by site for any antibiotic class. Positive correlations were identified in genetic determinants of resistance among several antibiotic classes. These results demonstrate the potential utility of leveraging existing wastewater sample collection in this setting for AMR surveillance.
Attitudes of Physical Education Teachers towards the Participation of Students with Disabilities in the Physical Education Class in Schools

The study aimed to reveal the attitudes of physical education teachers towards the participation of students with disabilities in physical education class in schools. The study sample consisted of (208) physical education teachers. The measure of physical education teachers' attitudes towards integrating students with disabilities into the physical education class was applied. The results of the study showed that the general average of the total score for the measure of attitudes towards the participation of students with disabilities in the physical education class was high, with an arithmetic mean of (3.25), and that there were statistically significant differences in the attitudes of physical education teachers towards integrating students with disabilities in the sports class according to the gender no statistically significant differences variable. Academic qualification and educational experience.
The Importance of Testing the Quality and Authenticity of Food Products: The Example of Honey

The aim of this study was to review methods of honey testing in the assessment of its quality and authenticity. The quality of honey, like other food products, is multidimensional. This quality can be assessed not only on the basis of the characteristics evaluated by the consumer during purchase and consumption, but also on the basis of various physicochemical parameters. A number of research methods are used to verify the quality of honeys and to confirm their authenticity. Obligatory methods of assessing the quality of honey are usually described in legal acts. On the other hand, other, non-normative methods of honey quality assessment are used worldwide; they can be used to determine not only the elementary chemical composition of individual types of honey, but also the biological activity of honey and its components. However, so far, there has been no systematization of these methods together with a discussion of problems encountered when determining the authenticity of honeys. Therefore, the aim of our study was to collect information on the methods of assessing the quality and authenticity of honeys, and to identify the problems that occur during this assessment. As a result, a tabular summary of various research methods was created.