Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Associations between Finnish 9th grade students' school perceptions, health behaviors, and family factors

Purpose – The aim of this study was to examine the associations between students' perceptions of the psychosocial school environment, health‐compromising behaviours, and selected family factors. The analyses were based on data provided for the Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children Study (2006). Design/methodology/approach – The data were obtained from 1,670 Finnish 9th graders. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the associations between school perceptions, health‐compromising behaviours, and selected family factors.Findings – Educational aspiration was found to be the most influential factor connected to health‐compromising behaviour among both genders, favouring students who were intending to apply to upper secondary school. The results also indicated that all the measured dimensions of school perceptions were associated with health‐compromising behaviours: the more negative the perceptions, the more health‐compromising were the behaviours. The associations were somewhat different b.
Partial characterisation of Escherichia coli haemolysin.

SUMMARY Large amounts of high-titre E. coli α-haemolysin were produced in a nutrient broth medium. Production was enhanced by growth in a medium containing large molecular-weight components. The haemolysin was purified by “salting out” with ammonium sulphate precipitation at its iso-electric point (pI = 4·6) and by chromatography on Sephadex G-200. Evidence is presented that the haemolysin is a large protein (approximate molecular weight = 580,000) that was not easily dissociated into smaller subunits. Lethality in mice and rabbits was not observed after intravenous injection of α-haemolysin, but hard swellings appeared at injection sites after the intradermal administration of active haemolysin preparations. The haemolysin did not cause fluid accumulation in ligated intestinal segments in rabbits.
Deriving structural hylomorphisms from recursive definitions

In functional programming, small programs are often glued together to construct a complex program. Program fusion is an optimizing process whereby these small programs are fused into a single one and intermediate data structures are removed. Recent work has made it clear that this process is especially successful if the recursive definitions are expressed in terms of hylomorphisms. In this paper, we propose an algorithm which can automatically turn all practical recursive definitions into structural hylomorphisms making program fusion be easily applied.
Tuning support vector machines for biomedical named entity recognition

We explore the use of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) for biomedical named entity recognition. To make the SVM training with the available largest corpus - the GENIA corpus - tractable, we propose to split the non-entity class into sub-classes, using part-of-speech information. In addition, we explore new features such as word cache and the states of an HMM trained by unsupervised learning. Experiments on the GENIA corpus show that our class splitting technique not only enables the training with the GENIA corpus but also improves the accuracy. The proposed new features also contribute to improve the accuracy. We compare our SVM-based recognition system with a system using Maximum Entropy tagging method.
DAZ Family Proteins Exist Throughout Male Germ Cell Development and Transit from Nucleus to Cytoplasm at Meiosis in Humans and Mice1

Abstract The human DAZ gene family is expressed in germ cells and consists of a cluster of nearly identical DAZ (deleted in azoospermia) genes on the Y chromosome and an autosomal homolog, DAZL (DAZ-like). Only the autosomal gene is found in mice. Y-chromosome deletions that encompass the DAZ genes are a common cause of spermatogenic failure in men, and autosomal homologs of DAZ are essential for testicular germ cell development in mice and Drosophila. Previous studies have reported that mouse DAZL protein is strictly cytoplasmic and that human DAZ protein is restricted to postmeiotic cells. By contrast, we report here that human DAZ and human and mouse DAZL proteins are present in both the nuclei and cytoplasm of fetal gonocytes and in spermatogonial nuclei. The proteins relocate to the cytoplasm during male meiosis. Further observations using human tissues indicate that, unlike DAZ, human DAZL protein persists in spermatids and even spermatozoa. These results, combined with findings in diverse species, suggest that DAZ family proteins function in multiple cellular compartments at multiple points in male germ cell development. They may act during meiosis and much earlier, when spermatogonial stem cell populations are established.
Games of Engagement: Postures Within the Regulatory Community*

This paper seeks to advance understanding of compliance through identifying the constituent elements of four empirically derived postures of regulatees: resistance and disengagement (associated with non-compliance), and managerial accommodation and capture (associated with compliance) (V. Braith-waite et al. 1994). The nature of these postures is investigated through two theoretical frameworks, Meidinger's (1987) notion of regulatory culture (and the construct of social bonds) and Merton's (1968) modes of adaptation (and the construct of commitments to institutional goals and means). Social bonds and commitments to goals and means are important for explaining resistance, disengagement and managerial accommodation. In the case of capture of the regulatees, social bonds are more important than commitments to goals and means. The findings counsel regulatory agencies to establish trust and respect in the regulatee-regulator relationship.
Pregnancy-specific b-1-glycoprotein 1 and human leukocyte antigen-E mRNA in human sperm : differential expression in fertile and infertile men and evidence of a possible functional role during early development

background: Mature spermatozoa contain thousands of mRNA transcripts. It has been recently shown that human sperm can deliver RNA into the oocyte, suggesting that mRNAs might have a role before or after fertilization. Human embryos express PSG1 (pregnancyspecific b-1-glycoprotein 1) and HLA-E (human leukocyte antigen-E), molecules playing a role in implantation and early development. We compared PSG1 and HLA-E sperm mRNA levels in fertile and infertile men and we tested the hypothesis that these transcripts are selectively retained in the newly formed zygote. methods: Real-time RT–PCR was used to analyze sperm mRNA levels (n 1⁄4 11 fertile, n 1⁄4 31 infertile patients) of PSG1, HLA-E and PRM2 (protamine 2). The presence of PSG1 and HLA-E proteins was evaluated by western blot in sperm protein extracts (n 1⁄4 3). Using ICSI of human sperm into hamster oocytes we evaluated the permanence of these mRNAs at different time points (n 1⁄4 10 for each time) after fertilization. results: PSG1, HLA-E and PRM2 transcripts were demonstrated in ejaculated sperm. The fertile group showed significantly higher levels of PSG1 and HLA-E mRNA (both P , 0.05) than the infertile group, whereas PRM2 levels were not significantly different. However, PSG1 and HLA-E proteins were not found in ejaculated sperm. Following ICSI, PRM2 was undetectable after fertilization; conversely, PSG1 and HLA-E transcripts remained detectable for at least 24 h of zygotic development. conclusions: We provide new evidence that indicates that human sperm deliver transcripts that may have a role in early embryo development and decreased levels of these transcripts may be associated with infertility.
Classification of chronic rhinosinusitis according to a nasal polyp and tissue eosinophilia: limitation of current classification system for Asian population

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can be classified according to the presence of a nasal polyp (NP): CRS with NP (CRSwNP) and CRS without NP (CRSsNP). CRSwNP has characteristics with high infiltration of tissue eosinophilia with a burst of Th2 inflammatory cytokine. However recent findings in Eastern Asia countries suggest that CRSwNP can be divided according to the presence of tissue eosinophilia. Thus, CRSwNP can be classified into eosinophilic and noneosinophilic. Eosinophilic CRSwNP seems to have different immunological and clinical feature compared to noneosinophilic CRSwNP. From the same point of view, CRSsNP can also be divided according to tissue eosinophilia. However, the meaning of this dichotomous categorization in CRS seems to be not quite clear. This review focus on the limitations in current subclassification of CRS according to the presence of NP and tissue eosinophilia and discuss other factors related to tissue remodeling and NP generation which may provide clues for the further understanding of CRS pathogenesis.
Turkish economic liberalization and European integration

In many ways, the political and economic history of modern Turkey has been an attempt to catch up with, or adapt to, the developments in the rest of Europe. These attempts have gained an especial momentum since 1980. Substantial changes have taken place in the Turkish economy since 1980 with respect to the basic economic principles of the European Community. ' This article will address the extent to which economic reforms undertaken
The Correlation Between Psychiatric Disorders and Women's Lives.

OBJECTIVE Psychiatric disorders are important factors which affect the quality of life: employment rates, interpersonal and intrafamilial communications, marriage, child-bearing, parental skills and many other social - cognitive areas in different ways. Psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder and depressive disorder have a negative impact on women's lives. This study has compared the relationship between these mental illnesses and the liabilities of women's lives. METHODS For the purpose of this study, 61 schizophrenics, 35 bipolar and 40 unipolar female patients and 60 healthy controls from a university hospital of eastern Turkey were evaluated with SCID- I, a family environmental scale and a personal information questionnaire. RESULTS The women with psychiatric disorders had higher rates of unemployment, shorter durations of marriage and lower numbers of parity, as compared to their healthy counterparts, especially after the onset of their illnesses. The schizophrenia and bipolar groups are at risk due to the psychotropic medications which they take during pregnancy. The onset or the exacerbations of illnesses during the postpartum period are also seen more in the schizophrenia and the bipolar groups. However, the patients did not use medicines more than the healthy controls during lactation. The schizophrenia and bipolar groups seem to be failing in using reliable methods of contraception. This data is important due to the traditional and the socio-economical structure of eastern Turkey, which may interrelate with the results. CONCLUSION Women have to play various roles in life and they have various challenges which are related to these roles. The female psychiatric patients should be evaluated in the special perspective of 'being women', along with other clinical parameters. The evaluation of the social, cultural and the economic aspects and the collaborative teams of different clinical disciplines which are related to women's mental health would be beneficial.
Phase Noise Modeling for Integrated PLLs in FMCW Radar

The effect of frequency modulation (FM) on the phase noise spectrum of a charge pump phase-locked loop (PLL) for frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar is investigated. The static phase error is calculated as a function of frequency ramp slope and basic PLL design parameters. The phase noise spectrum under FM is deduced from the spectrum in the steady state. Design guidelines for integrated PLLs to be used in FMCW radar are derived from theoretical considerations and experimental results from the literature.
Finite-Element Analysis and Experimental Test for a Capped-Die Flip-Chip Package Design

In flip-chip packages, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch between the chip and the substrate is the root cause for reliability issues such as excessive warpage, low-k dielectric layer cracking, solder mask cracking, and bump cracking. The first and foremost thing in designing a flip-chip package is to meet the warpage specification. This paper proposes a capped-die flip-chip package to control the warpage as well as to reduce the stress in solder bumps. In the capped-die flip-chip package, a metal cap tightly covers and bonds with the die through an adhesive material, leading to a capped die with a higher effective CTE. By adjusting the thickness of the metal cap, the effective CTE of the capped die may match with that of the substrate, theoretically achieving zero warpage or warpage free. Guided by finite-element analysis, a 45 × 45-mm2 size of capped-die flip-chip package was manufactured, and a copper die cap with 0.4 mm thickness is selected to verify this concept. Shadow Moiré test data showed that in the temperature range from 25 °C to 260 °C, the warpage curve of the capped-die package is almost flat and close to zero, confirming the cappeddie concept. Furthermore, finite-element modeling was used to investigate the stress in bump, as well as the thermal performance of the capped-die flip-chip packages. It is found that thermal performance of the capped-die package can be good enough for high-power applications. The bump stress of the capped-die package is about 50% lower compared to the lidded package. The applications of the capped-die package design in coreless substrate packages are also discussed in this paper.
Multi-organ plant identification

This paper presents a new interactive web application for the visual identification of plants based on collaborative pictures. Contrary to previous content-based identification methods and systems developed for plants that mainly relied on leaves, or in few other cases on flowers, it makes use of five different organs and plant's views including habit, flowers, fruits, leaves and bark. Thanks to an interactive and visual query widget, the tagging process of the different organs and views is as simple as drag-and-drop operations and does not require any expertise in botany. All training pictures used by the system were continuously collected during one year through a crowdsourcing application that was set up in the scope of a citizen sciences initiative. System-oriented and human-centered evaluations of the application show that the results are already satisfactory and therefore very promising in the long term to identify a richer flora.
Pattern Analysis of Recorded Daydreams, Memories, and Personality Type

56 undergraduates took the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and recorded a memory and a daydream. The latter two products were scored for seven characteristics. Interaction of personality variables and imagery were significant over-all; e.g., feeling types reported more vivid memories, extraverts showed more positive emotional tone in memories, and feeling types showed more intense emotional tone, etc. Memories were more vivid than daydreams. Analysis generated new hypotheses.
An adaptive predictive current controller for Electric power steering system with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

A predictive current control scheme is adopted in this paper to improve the current tracking performance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in the Electric power steering system. But the motor parameters variation can lead to a steady-state error and reduce the stability margin of the current tracking system, even destabilize the system. So this paper presents an adaptive predictive current controller for Electric power steering system with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, The controller is mainly composed of a cross-coupling compensator, a predictive current controller and an adaptive parameter estimator. The coupling compensator decouples the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor into two parallel SISO linear systems, the predictive current controller combined a two-sample deadbeat controller with a current predictor provides robustness against the control delay, and the adaptive identifier estimate the motor parameters and update the parameters in the cross-coupling compensator and current controller. The resulting controller maintains the typical fast response of the predictive current control and a better adaptability to the parameters variation. The simulation results show the validity of the analytic approach and the efficiency of the proposed method.
The prognostic significance of CD44s and CD44v6 expression in stage two breast carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study.

AIMS Expression of the v6 variant isoform of CD44 has been causally associated with the development of metastases. This study, using immunohistochemical techniques, examined the prognostic significance of CD44s and CD44v6 expression. METHODS A cohort of 109 women presenting with stage 2 breast cancer, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years, were assessed. RESULTS Eighty percent of patients demonstrated CD44v6 expression on immunohistochemical studies. CD44v6 expression in tissue sections was found to be independent of age, tumour size, grade, and lymph-node status. No significant association was demonstrated between CD44v6 expression and either disease-free or overall survival. Similar findings were observed for CD44s. CONCLUSIONS CD44s and CD44v6 do not appear to be useful as prognostic indicators in early breast cancer. The increased expression of variant CD44 isoforms seen in breast neoplasia may merely be a marker for loss of control of alternative splicing within tumour tissue.
Hyperspectral data classification using Margin Infused Relaxed Algorithm

Obtaining training sets for special hyperspectral data sets or applications seems so time consuming and expensive especially for relatively inaccessible locations. Moreover, current techniques of image processing and pattern recognition are not robust enough to make automated remote sensing interpretation feasible. The Margin Infused Relaxed Algorithm (MIRA) is a new perceptron-like online algorithm with a margin-dependent learning rate; meanwhile, it's also a specific online algorithm that seeks a set of prototypes to represent each class. In this paper, we put emphasis on building an online framework by MIRA, which can naturally combine inputs from human and learn as few labeled data points as possible. Experimental results have proved that the MIRA applied in our method is effective in classification problem and economical of the computation time cost.
Double-Faced State: Political Patronage and the Consolidation of Democracy in Turkey

La Turquie a une forte tradition etatique dans ce sens ou, depuis l'Empire Ottoman jusqu'a nos jours, il y a toujours eu la presence d'une categorie particuliere d'elite qui agit au nom de l'Etat en assumant une complete autonomie vis-a-vis des autres groupes politiques. Cet article a pour objectif de mieux cerner l'identite et le role de cette elite en montrant la double face de l'Etat turc, a la fois forte et faible, et les strategies du patronage politique pour la democratisation. L'A. s'interroge sur les formes combinatoires de la prudence et de la responsabilite de l'Etat et sur les conditions requises pour une democratie viable a long terme.
Factors Related to Positive Perceptions in Mothers of Children with Intellectual Disabilities

Existing theoretical and empirical work in the intellectual disability field has paid little attention to parents' positive perceptions of their child and the positive impact that the child may have on the family generally. The main aim of the present study was to explore the factors related to the mothers' positive perceptions of their child with intellectual disability. Methods? The mothers of 41 children with intellectual disabilities completed a self-report questionnaire that measured demographic factors, child demographic variables (including caregiving demand), social support, coping strategies and dimensions of positive perceptions. Results? Mothers' perceptions of the child as a source of happiness/fulfilment and as a source of strength and family closeness were positively associated with reframing coping strategies. Mothers' perceptions of the child as a source of personal growth and maturity were also positively associated with reframing coping strategies, the helpfulness and usefulness of support from family and friends, and the caregiving demand. Conclusions? The relationship between coping and parental positive perceptions requires more investigation both theoretically and empirically. This relationship may also have important implications for the support of families of children with intellectual disabilities.
AMPERES: A real-time fault monitoring and diagnosis knowledge-based system for space power systems

A real-time fault monitoring and diagnosis knowledge-based system (KBS) has been developed for space power systems to save costly operational manpower and to achieve reliable space power system operation. The developed KBS, called AMPERES (autonomously managed power-system extendible real-time expert system), was developed using the autonomously managed power system (AMPS) test facility currently installed at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). The approaches taken for AMPERES are generic and should be applicable for other space power systems. A sensor value validation method based on causal relations (CRs) and their interrelations within the sensor redundancy graphs (SRG) has been developed and applied in AMPERES to increase the confidence in the validity of the sensor values and consequently in the results of the fault diagnosis. The validation results also yield essential information for fault diagnosis identifying the existence of a potential fault and the location or the extent of the fault. A .
The effect of acculturation and social support on change in mental health among young immigrants

The aim of the study was to examine the mediating and moderating roles of social support in the acculturation–mental health link, and to investigate how these processes combine with self-esteem to affect mental health change. Questionnaire data were collected twice from 137 immigrant students, first at the upstart in junior high school, and then again a year later (8th and 9th grade). Acculturation was described in positive terms as a developmental process towards gaining competence within more than one sociocultural setting. Perceived discrimination and ethnic identity crisis were included as risk factors in this process. A model of structural relations was tested, which after some modifications demonstrated a close fit to the data. The results supported our suggestions of two indirect paths of effects of acculturation on mental health change: one through culture domain-specific social support and another through self-esteem. Self-esteem was also identified as a mediator of identity crisis. Significant interaction effects between social support and culture competencies were demonstrated in addition to buffer effects of class and family support in relation to identity crisis and discrimination respectively. The study adds to our understanding of positive and negative developmental pathways in multicultural societies.
Why are Mutual Funds Closed to Investors?

Fund families typically claim that closing a fund protects the fund’s superior performance by preventing it from growing too large to be managed efficiently. Even though funds with better performance and larger size are more likely to be closed, there is no evidence that closing a fund can indeed protect its performance. Instead, fund closing decisions are more likely to be motivated by spillover effects – by closing a star fund, the fund family signals its superior performance and also brings investors’ attention and investments to other funds in the family.