Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structure and Transport Properties of Water and Hydrated Ions in Nano‐Confined Channels

Nano‐confined flow is ubiquitous in modern engineering and biomedical applications. As the peculiar phenomena of nano‐confined flow were continuously reported and traditional theories failed to describe them accurately, simulation efforts have been made to gain deeper insight. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the recent progress on nano‐confined flow, including water flow and hydrated ions transport. This report starts with the water behavior under nano‐confinement, summarizing the water structures, flow properties and their dependence on wall wettability, channel size, etc. The report also presents the efforts made to modify the existing theories to describe nano‐confined flows. Then, the report goes to the hydrated ions. The dehydration process of hydrated ions and ions sieving are discussed in detail, and the effects of membrane surface charge, grafting functional groups, and external field on ions transport are reviewed. In this Progress Report, the transport properties of water and hydrated ions in nano‐confined channels are highlighted, which is critical to the design and application of nanofluidic devices, such as nanofiltration membranes, biosensors, and other related fields.
Conceptual Models of Energy Transfer and Regulation

The rich descriptions that characterize biological processes can be expressed from multiple perspectives. One basic perspective involves specifying the process steps, how they are ordered, their participants, and how participants are involved in different steps. Two additional perspectives on processes are how energy is transferred and how the processes are regulated. Such perspectives are essential for understanding the basic mechanisms of biology. We consider a representation of energy transfer and regulation for biological processes, and consider several example questions that can be answered using this representation. Our work is driven by the description of biological processes in an introductory biology textbook and provides the conceptual design for curation of a knowledge base (KB) for an education application.
Technology Acceptance Model of Consumer Satisfaction with the Physical and Spiritual Health with Stress-Relief and Health Industry as an Example

As life becomes incredibly busy today, pursuing individual physical and spiritual health as a form of leisure has become a trend in meeting our need to relieve daily stress. However, our habits, behaviors, and attitudes toward the method of stress relief vary individually, so the stress relief activities they wish to engage in their free time also are individually diverse. The past recent years, the rise of awareness for leisure activities has lead the public to gradually pay more attention to physical and mental health and the importance of stress-release. In 2001, Taiwan began to formally implement two-day weekend, people have more time to engage in a broader variety of leisure activities related to physical and spiritual health, especially with the help of information technology era. This study aims to explore methods to release stress via various health spa industries and to further understand the influence of the outcome of the technology acceptance model of consumer satisfaction with health of body and soul. The goal is to gain a deeper understanding of the leisure activities and individual physical and mental awareness management in order to help the individual to perform leisure activities that will further be beneficial to them physically and mentally by investigating their stress relief process in the health industries in general. This research utilizes sampling method to collect data through questionnaires, and the use of descriptive statistics, independent sample testing, single factor analysis of variance, Pearson correlation conducted tests and analysis.
Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 as an inducer of human tumor necrosis factors and gamma interferon

We present evidence that toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) induces the production of high levels of TNF by human blood monocytes. Enriched lymphocyte preparations incubated with the staphylococcal toxin produced significant levels of TNF-like activity that is not neutralized by anti-rHuTNF antibodies and is likely to be lymphotoxin (LT or TNF-beta). We demonstrate also that TSST-1 is a potent inducer of IFN-gamma. When lymphocyte preparations were costimulated with PMA, the TSST-1 effect was strongly potentiated and the levels of cytotoxic factors, IFN-gamma, and IL-2 present in supernatant fluids were comparable to those observed after treatment with PMA and PHA. Thus, TSST-1, which is also known as an inducer of IL-1 and IL-2, stimulates the production of endogenous mediators that could play a role in the physiopathological processes of toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The described results suggest that the discrepancies in the clinical features between TSS and endotoxin shock may be related to qualitative differences in cytokine production.
Think before you collect: Setting up a data collection approach for social media studies

This chapter discusses important challenges of designing the data collection setup for social media studies. It outlines how it is necessary to carefully think about which data to collect and to use, and to recognize the effects that a specific data collection approach may have on the types of analyses that can be carried out and the results that can be expected in a study. We will highlight important questions one should ask before setting up a data collection framework and relate them to the different options for accessing social media data. The chapter will mainly be illustrated with examples from studying Twitter and Facebook. A case study studying political communication around the 2013 elections in Germany should serve as a practical application scenario. In this case study we constructed several social media datasets based on different collection approaches, using data from Facebook and Twitter.
Landauer Multiple meanings in LSA 1 Single representations of multiple meanings in Latent Semantic Analysis

WW XX YY ZZ YY is kleeper than WW. YY is kleeper than ZZ. Is YY kleeper than XX? Is "kleeper" ambiguous? Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) is a psychological model and computational simulation intended to mimic and help explain the way that humans learn and represent the meaning of words, text, and other knowledge. In this chapter I briefly describe the underlying theoretical and computational machinery of LSA, review some of the surprising things it is able to do, and discuss some of its limitations and possibilities for future development. I will concentrate on what LSA has to say about multiple word meanings, where it succeeds and fails, and what is needed to fix it. For researchers and theorists concerned with word meanings and ambiguity, the most important implication of the LSA theory is that it questions the idea that different senses of a word have separate and discrete representations that are individually disambiguated. Instead, it represents a word meaning as a single point in a very high dimensional semantic space. In LSA, the acquisition of a word meaning is an irreversible mathematical melding of the meanings of all the contexts in which it has been encountered. In comprehension, words are not disambiguated by sense one at a time; their different effects in different contexts are merely determined by how they combine. Thus, a word has a different "sense" every time it is used.
A Genetic Algorithm for Optimizing TCM Encoder

This article describes a genetic algorithm for the optimization of the Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) schemes with a view to achieve a higher performance in the multipath fading channel. The use of genetic algorithms is motivated by the fact that they are capable of performing global searches to retrieve an approximate solution to an optimization problem and if the solution is unknown to provide one within a reasonable time lapse. The TCM schemes are indeed optimized by the Rouane and Costello algorithm but the latter has as major disadvantage high requirements in both computation time and memory storage. This is further exacerbated by an increase in the encoder rate, the number of memory piles and the depth of the trellis. We describe a genetic algorithm which is especially well suited to combinatorial optimization, in particular to the optimization of NP-complete problems for which the computation time grows with the complexity of the problem, in a non-polynomial way. Furthermore this opens up the possibility of using the method for the generation of codes for channel characteristics for which no optimization codes are yet known. Simulation results are presented, that show the evolutionary programming algorithm on several generations of populations which only exhibit a medium probability of exchanging genetic information.
Active regulator of SIRT1 is required for ribosome biogenesis and function

Active regulator of SIRT1 (AROS) binds and upregulates SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase. In addition, AROS binds RPS19, a structural ribosomal protein, which also functions in ribosome biogenesis and is implicated in multiple disease states. The significance of AROS in relation to ribosome biogenesis and function is unknown. Using human cells, we now show that AROS localizes to (i) the nucleolus and (ii) cytoplasmic ribosomes. Co-localization with nucleolar proteins was verified by confocal immunofluorescence of endogenous protein and confirmed by AROS depletion using RNAi. AROS association with cytoplasmic ribosomes was analysed by sucrose density fractionation and immunoprecipitation, revealing that AROS selectively associates with 40S ribosomal subunits and also with polysomes. RNAi-mediated depletion of AROS leads to deficient ribosome biogenesis with aberrant precursor ribosomal RNA processing, reduced 40S subunit ribosomal RNA and 40S ribosomal proteins (including RPS19). Together, this results in a reduction in 40S subunits and translating polysomes, correlating with reduced overall cellular protein synthesis. Interestingly, knockdown of AROS also results in a functionally significant increase in eIF2α phosphorylation. Overall, our results identify AROS as a factor with a role in both ribosome biogenesis and ribosomal function.
Application of generalized power-delay metrics to supply and threshold selection in deep submicron CMOS

Application of Generalized Power Delay Metrics to Supply and Threshold Selection in Deep Submicron CMOS by Dipanjan Sengupta Power consumption has become as important as performance in todays deep submicron designs. As a result, high-level techniques and models must be developed to evaluate design changes in terms of power (energy) and performance tradeoff early in the design process. Recently, designers have been using the energy-delay product as a metric of goodness for CMOS designs due to certain perceived shortcomings of the more traditional power-delay product. As the industry moves to 90nm technology and encountered higher leakage currents, it is appropriate to revisit existing design metrics. In this thesis, a more general view of power and delay metrics for design optimization has been provided along with how these metrics can be used for design optimization. Supply (V D D) and threshold (VT) voltage scaling are two popular methodologies of power reduction. As such, the effect on power and frequency are analyzed and the feasible region of operation is identified in the V D D vs. V T plane. A fundamental relationship is established between the optimal operating points and the generalized design metrics. In addition, new power and delay models are developed for logic blocks that incorporate the effect of V D D and V T . The effect of optimization on power and delay with respect to process, temperature and voltage variation has also been investigated.
Application of pirarubicin photosensitizer fluorescence cystoscopy in early detection of bladder cancer

The aim of this study was to investigate the value of pirarubicin (THP) photosensitizer fluorescence cystoscopy for the early diagnosis of bladder cancer. From January 2012 to June 2015, 25 patients with painless gross hematuria, were injected with THP 15 min prior to surgery and subsequently underwent fluorescence cystoscopy examination. Locations of tumors were recorded and biopsies were performed (total of 109 biopsies) under white and fluorescence light guidance. Biopsies were conducted at the THP-positive and -negative areas under white light and THP-positive areas under fluorescence light. Positive rate of bladder tumor tissue at the THP-positive areas detected under fluorescence light was 92.86%. The sensitivity and specificity were 100 and 96.15%, respectively. The positive rate of tumor tissue at the THP-positive areas detected under white light was 70.97%. The sensitivity and specificity were 100 and 84.74%, respectively. Fifty biopsies taken at the THP-negative areas under white light were found to be non-urothelial carcinoma tumor lesions. Thus, applying (THP) photosensitizer fluorescence cystoscopy for early-period bladder cancer diagnosis is safe, effective and practical. It showed a high degree of specificity and a low rate of false positives. It was a convenient visual diagnostic method for the early detection of non-muscular invasive bladder cancer.
Cellular Development of Some Human Organs Before Birth

The total amount of DNA and the protein/DNA ratio have been measured in the kidneys, heart, liver, and gastrocnemius muscles of 56 human fetuses and newborn infants of 13-42 weeks' gestational age. The total amount of DNA in each organ approximately doubled every week up to the 25th; thereafter the rate of increase was slower. The protein/DNA ratio in each organ increased rapidly in the last 10 weeks of intrauterine life. Before 30 weeks there was some increase in the protein/DNA ratio in the kidneys, heart, and gastrocnemius muscles, but no significant change in the liver. In 5 small-for-dates infants the protein/DNA ratio was normal, whereas the total DNA tended to be low.
Blood cell MicroRNAs and blood product safety

repeated cycle of low platelet count, then platelet transfusion, then corrected low platelet count, and end up with repeated low platelet count occurred for 5 cycles (5 rounds of platelet transfusion, platelet concentration 1 U each round). A shorter period, more rapid decreasing of transfused platelet was observed (in the fifth round, the decrease occurred within 3 days). This case was consulted for finding of the possible cause of rapid decreasing of transfused platelet. In this case, the investigation was done and the was done and the positive finding was presence of anti-platelet antibody. Indeed, positive antiplatelet antibody can be seen in the cases with repeated platelet transfusion and it is relating to the shorter maintenance of transfused platelet or refractoriness in blood stream of the patient. In oncology patient, Baipai et al. reported that “response to transfusion therapy was poor in patients with antibodies, as 71.4% of patients with antibodies. ”[1] This condition is not uncommon but is usually forgotten by the physicians. The use of filtration and ultraviolet B irradiation might be useful but not highly effective in prevention of autoimmune induction in platelet transfusion. [2] Indeed, repeated platelet transfusion without finding of the exact etiology and correction should not be done. [3] Treatment might be the use of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched platelet transfusion. [4] The use of steroid for suppression of immunity is mentioned somewhere but not approved. In this case, the problem still existed despite using of HLA identical platelet transfusion. In this patient, further investigation was also done to find out the exact cause of thrombocytopenia in this case and it was finalized to be the case of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma – a major review

Pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) is an interesting condition that can lead to secondary open angle glaucoma. Pigmentary glaucoma is primarily a disease of young people, myopes and men. PDS is characterized by the presence of Krukenberg spindles, iris trans‐illumination defects, trabecular meshwork pigmentation and backward bowing of the iris. Posterior bowing of the iris causes rubbing of the pigmented iris epithelium against lens structures, liberation of pigment and trabecular meshwork changes that result in reduced aqueous outflow with the risk of glaucoma. Peripheral laser iridotomy can reverse backward bowing of the iris and may prevent progression of pigmentary glaucoma.
The Things You Do for Me

Although a great deal of attention has been paid to the role of people’s own investment in promoting relationship commitment, less research has considered the possible role of the partner’s investments. An experiment (Study 1) and two combined daily experience and longitudinal studies (Studies 2 and 3) documented that perceived investments from one partner motivate the other partner to further commit to the relationship. All three studies provided support for gratitude as a mechanism of this effect. These effects held even for individuals who were relatively less satisfied with their relationships. Together, these results suggest that people feel particularly grateful for partners who they perceive to have invested into the relationship, which, in turn, motivates them to further commit to the relationship. Implications for research and theory on gratitude and relationship commitment are discussed.
Differential Gene Expression of Cardiac Ion Channels in Human Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Background Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by idiopathic dilation and systolic contractile dysfunction of the cardiac chambers. The present work aimed to study the alterations in gene expression of ion channels involved in cardiomyocyte function. Methods and Results Microarray profiling using the Affymetrix Human Gene® 1.0 ST array was performed using 17 RNA samples, 12 from DCM patients undergoing cardiac transplantation and 5 control donors (CNT). The analysis focused on 7 cardiac ion channel genes, since this category has not been previously studied in human DCM. SCN2B was upregulated, while KCNJ5, KCNJ8, CLIC2, CLCN3, CACNB2, and CACNA1C were downregulated. The RT-qPCR (21 DCM and 8 CNT samples) validated the gene expression of SCN2B (p < 0.0001), KCNJ5 (p < 0.05), KCNJ8 (p < 0.05), CLIC2 (p < 0.05), and CACNB2 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we performed an IPA analysis and we found a functional relationship between the different ion channels studied in this work. Conclusion This study shows a differential expression of ion channel genes involved in cardiac contraction in DCM that might partly underlie the changes in left ventricular function observed in these patients. These results could be the basis for new genetic therapeutic approaches.
Parenting, work and the marketization of family life

In the contemporary late capitalist milieu, changes in the nature of labour have resulted in long-standing divisions between work and family life being compromised. The three texts reviewed in this essay are all concerned with what happens when long-established boundaries between work and non-work are blurred in a way which impact on family and gender roles. Arlie Russell Hochschild’s The Outsourced Self: What Happens When We Pay Others to Live Our Lives for Us continues her research (1997, 2003) on what happens when market principles intrude on the personal lives of workers. Jane Dennehy’s Competition, Gender and Management explores how competition in the area of management is gendered from the perspective of a researcher who sees conventional understandings of both ‘competition’ and ‘management’ as problematic. Paula McDonald and Emma Jeanes’ edited collection, Men, Wage Work and Family attempts to address the lack of theory on the role of fathers in families that has changed as a result of the huge increase of female participation in workforces. Hochschild’s The Outsourced Self begins by clarifying how the impact of the rapid increase of women in the North American workplace, coupled with the growth of singleparent families in the USA since the 1970s, resulted in a precarious working environment for all. One of the outcomes of this is that much of the work which used to be done in the home is now completed in the private sector. This experience has been replicated across the Western, industrialized world and has resulted in the emergence of long-hours 581768WES0010.1177/0950017015581768Work, employment and societyBook review essay book-review2015
Fatores Facilitadores e Inibidores à Expressão da Capacidade de Criar segundo Estudantes de Engenharia e Engenheiros

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar, junto a estudantes de engenharia e engenheiros, tanto os fatores que mais contribuem como aqueles considerados inibidores a expressao da criatividade pessoal. Participam do estudo 127 sujeitos, sendo 64 estudantes do curso de Engenharia e 63 engenheiros, de ambos os sexos. Os dados sao coletados por meio de uma entrevista semi-estruturada. Os resultados indicam que os aspectos mais ressaltados como facilitadores da criatividade sao a preparacao aliada a caracteristicas pessoais (cognitivas e de personalidade), o incentivo e a liberdade para expressar. Por outro lado, os aspectos mais salientados como inibidores a expressao da capacidade de criar sao tanto caracteristicas da pessoa (especialmente elementos de natureza emocional), quanto caracteristicas do ambiente de trabalho, como burocracia e competicao excessiva.
When Clinical Evaluation of the Cf(12)m Cystic Fibrosis Dna

variation due to tissue inhomogeneity. The CV duplicates (23) for the mRNA concentrations determined in two biopsies from the same placenta (n 5 12) was 38%. In two placentae, the variations between two sets of data (178 and 478 3 10 mol/mg RNA and 273 and 396 3 10 mol/mg RNA) were considerable. When these data were excluded, the CV was reduced to 20%. Based on our results, we recommend examining at least two biopsies from the same tissue and accepting data only if the difference between the samples meets predefined criteria for acceptance. Only a few groups have reported on the imprecision of mRNA analysis using competitive PCR (1–4, 6, 7, 24). Becker-André and Hahlbrock (25) were among the first to describe a competitive PCR assay by adding a standard (competitor) after the reverse transcriptase, allowing mRNA quantification by referring to a housekeeping enzyme mRNA. Two reports using this assay examined three different mRNAs and reported an imprecision between 14% and 27% (1, 3). Because the standard was added after the PCR, this variation reflects the PCR only. In competitive RT-PCR, the standard is added before the reverse transcriptase reaction (26). Ferre (24) developed a competitive RT-PCR analysis for HIV-I with a within-run analytical imprecision of 19%, which is comparable with the within-run imprecision we describe for the EGFr mRNA. The amount of EGFr mRNA in the same samples was determined to be 170 (80–300) 3 10 mol/mg RNA (mean and range, n 5 10). The EGFr protein concentration in the placenta samples was 10.6 (7.4–14.4) 3 10 mol/mg membrane protein (mean and range, n 5 12). We did not find any significant correlation between EGFr mRNA and EGFr protein concentration in the placentae (Pearson r 5 0.30, 2p 5 0.40, n 5 10) (data not shown). The lack of correlation may be explained by a combination of the narrow range covered for the EGFr, the high analytical imprecision for the mRNA analysis, or posttranscriptional regulation.