Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of physical training on change of direction performance: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Background One of the most sought-after skills for performance in team sports is change of direction. Training the physical qualities of strength, speed, and power has been used to improve change of direction. These qualities of change of direction have been studied extensively for the last 20 years, and their influence is still questioned. Additionally, it is currently unknown how moderating training variables affect COD performance. Objective This study examines the impact of strength, power, and speed training on change of direction performance. Method Following the PRISMA guidelines, a meta-analysis was conducted. Electronic databases were searched for studies conducted from 1991 to April 2021. All studies identified for inclusion were peer-reviewed and published in English and Spanish and used an athlete population as participants. For all analyses, a significance level is set at p < 0.05. Results Sixty-six articles were included in this meta-analysis. Two hundred fifty-one effect sizes were calculated, representing 2056 participants aged between 12 and 25 years. The global effect size (ES) for each quality is reported and Cochran's Q test: Strength (N = 48) ES: 0.844 Q = 77.63 (95%CI: 0.65;1.07); Speed (N = 17) ES: 0.70 Q = 5.69 (CI95% = 0.35;1.05); Power (N = 49) ES: 0.85 Q = 47.58 (CI95% = 0.64;1.06); Agility (N = 57) ES: 1.05 Q = 79.63 (CI95% = 0.86;1.24); Combined training (N = 13) ES: 0.51 Q = 13.79 (CI95% = 0.14;0.93), and the Control Group (N = 67) ES: 0.53 Q = 47.40 (IC95% = −0.12;0.23), all ES were statistically significant except control group. The ANOVA-LIKE presented a statistically significant difference between physical qualities and the control group (Sig = 0.000 Q = 69.18). Conclusion The training of strength, speed, power, and agility, are effective training methods for improving change of direction ability. Each of these qualities has one or more moderating variables that influencing its development.
Laser Therapy Changes the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Bleomycin-Induced Skin Fibrosis

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are often considered biomarkers of skin fibrosis. At the early stages of the pathological process, an elevation of their enzymatic activity causes significant changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix. MMPs secreted by immune cells facilitate their migration to the site of damage. Then, the immune cells eliminate the affected cells and biomolecules. Moreover, bidirectional changes in the activity of proteolytic enzymes, including MMPs, accompany wound healing. This study aimed to assess changes in the expression of Mmp2, Mmp3, and Mmp9 after treating mice with laser therapy using the experimental model of bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Using immunohistochemistry, we characterized the histological features of scarred skin. We also analyzed changes in the expression of MMPs using real-time polymerase chain reaction before and after laser irradiation. We showed that treatment of the mice with a CO2 laser partially normalized the histological features of scarred skin. We also noticed a decrease in the expression of Mmp2, Mmp3 (both p < 0.05), and Mmp9 (p = 0.065) during scar healing. The obtained results suggest that normalization of skin homeostasis requires control of MMP activity via induction of genes.
An Intuitively Valid Algorithm for Adjusting the Correlation Matrix in Risk Management and Option Pricing

Adjusting the correlation matrix plays an important role in risk management as well as option pricing. We usually adjust the correlation matrix by directly changing the correlation coefficient in the correlation matrix. However, there is a chance that the adjusted correlation matrix is not valid. In this paper, we present a new algorithm for adjusting the correlation matrix that maintains its validity. Furthermore, the correlative relationship among the assets that we do not want to adjust will not be affected by the adjustment. Therefore, the solution obtained from our new algorithm is considered to be intuitively valid.
Targeting Inflammation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer through Drug Repurposing

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancers can be classified as small-cell (SCLC) or non-small cell (NSCLC). About 84% of all lung cancers are NSCLC and about 16% are SCLC. For the past few years, there have been a lot of new advances in the management of NSCLC in terms of screening, diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, most of the NSCLCs are resistant to current treatments and eventually progress to advanced stages. In this perspective, we discuss some of the drugs that can be repurposed to specifically target the inflammatory pathway of NSCLC utilizing its well-defined inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Continuous inflammatory conditions are responsible to induce DNA damage and enhance cell division rate in lung tissues. There are existing anti-inflammatory drugs which were found suitable for repurposing in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) treatment and drug modification for delivery via inhalation. Repurposing anti-inflammatory drugs and their delivery through the airway is a promising strategy to treat NSCLC. In this review, suitable drug candidates that can be repurposed to treat inflammation-mediated NSCLC will be comprehensively discussed together with their administration via inhalation from physico-chemical and nanocarrier perspectives.
Analysis and mitigation of stress induced by rapid formation of through glass vias in thin substrates

As communication networks move toward higher frequency bands, thin glass substrates are advancing toward industrial production in packaging and interconnect applications as high-frequency, low-loss materials. While current techniques for the formation of through glass vias (TGVs) allow for efficient drilling of <40 μm diameter holes, there are currently limited commercially viable options for smaller TGVs. Presented herein is a unique approach to forming high aspect ratio TGVs in 10-20 μs for 50 and 100 μm thick glass. This is accomplished by using a high-power quasi-continuous wave (QCW) laser with a simple Gaussian beam profile focusing scheme. Crucially, this approach is compatible with high bandwidth beam steering technologies, i.e., the combination of galvanometers and acousto-optic deflectors (AODs), allowing for simple scaling to industrially viable throughputs of tens of thousands of vias per second for high-density drill patterns. The TGVs have straight, smooth sidewalls, and high uniformity. Birefringence image microscopy is used to further assess the finer quality aspects of the TGVs formed; considerable residual stress embedded around the TGVs was found after laser drilling, which could cause cracking in subsequent process steps. It is demonstrated that the stress can be significantly reduced by either annealing the glass substrate after drilling or drilling at elevated temperatures to mitigate the embedded stress.
H2 MOLECULAR CLUSTERS WITH EMBEDDED MOLECULES AND ATOMS AS THE SOURCE OF THE DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR BANDS

We suggest that the diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) arise from absorption lines of electronic transitions in molecular clusters primarily composed of a single molecule, atom, or ion (“seed”), embedded in a single-layer shell of H2 molecules. Less abundant variants of the cluster, including two seed molecules and/or a two-layer shell of H2 molecules, may also occur. The lines are broadened, blended, and wavelength-shifted by interactions between the seed and surrounding H2 shell. We refer to these clusters as contaminated H2 clusters (CHCs). We show that CHC spectroscopy matches the diversity of observed DIB spectral profiles and provides good fits to several DIB profiles based on a rotational temperature of 10 K. CHCs arise from ∼centimeter-sized, dirty H2 ice balls, called contaminated H2 ice macro-particles (CHIMPs), formed in cold, dense, giant molecular clouds (GMCs), and later released into the interstellar medium (ISM) upon GMC disruption. Attractive interactions, arising from Van der Waals and ion-induced dipole potentials, between the seeds and H2 molecules enable CHIMPs to attain centimeter-sized dimensions. When an ultraviolet (UV) photon is absorbed in the outer layer of a CHIMP, it heats the icy matrix and expels CHCs into the ISM. While CHCs are quickly destroyed by absorbing UV photons, they are replenished by the slowly eroding CHIMPs. Since CHCs require UV photons for their release, they are most abundant at, but not limited to, the edges of UV-opaque molecular clouds, consistent with the observed, preferred location of DIBs. An inherent property of CHCs, which can be characterized as nanometer size, spinning, dipolar dust grains, is that they emit in the radio-frequency region. We also show that the CHCs offer a natural explanation for the anomalous microwave emission feature in the ∼10–100 GHz spectral region.
Local Linear M‐estimation in non‐parametric spatial regression

Abstract. A robust version of local linear regression smoothers augmented with variable bandwidths is investigated for dependent spatial processes. The (uniform) weak consistency as well as asymptotic normality for the local linear M‐estimator (LLME) of the spatial regression function g(x) are established under some mild conditions. Furthermore, an additive model is considered to avoid the curse of dimensionality for spatial processes and an estimation procedure based on combining the marginal integration technique with LLME is applied in this paper. Meanwhile, we present a simulated study to illustrate the proposed estimation method. Our simulation results show that the estimation method works well numerically.
Fast EM‐type implementations for mixed effects models

The mixed effects model, in its various forms, is a common model in applied statistics. A useful strategy for fitting this model implements EM‐type algorithms by treating the random effects as missing data. Such implementations, however, can be painfully slow when the variances of the random effects are small relative to the residual variance. In this paper, we apply the ‘working parameter’ approach to derive alternative EM‐type implementations for fitting mixed effects models, which we show empirically can be hundreds of times faster than the common EM‐type implementations. In our limited simulations, they also compare well with the routines in S‐PLUS® and Stata® in terms of both speed and reliability. The central idea of the working parameter approach is to search for efficient data augmentation schemes for implementing the EM algorithm by minimizing the augmented information over the working parameter, and in the mixed effects setting this leads to a transfer of the mixed effects variances into the regression slope parameters. We also describe a variation for computing the restricted maximum likelihood estimate and an adaptive algorithm that takes advantage of both the standard and the alternative EM‐type implementations.
The Tibiofibular Line: A Reliable Method of Syndesmosis Assessment in Certain Fibula Morphologies.

Background The tibiofibular line (TFL) technique was initially proposed to assess syndesmosis reduction. Clinical utility was limited by low observer reliability when applied to all fibulas. This study aimed to refine this technique by describing TFL's applicability to various fibula morphologies. Methods Three observers reviewed 52 ankle CT scans. Observer consistencies for TFL measurement, anterolateral fibula contact length, and fibula morphology were assessed using intraclass correlation (ICC) and Fleiss' Kappa. Results TFL measurement and fibula contact length intra-observer and inter-observer consistencies were excellent (minimum ICC, 0.87). Fibula shape categorization intra-observer consistency was substantial to almost perfect (Fleiss' Kappa, 0.73 to 0.97). Six to 10 mm of fibula contact length corresponded to excellent TFL distance consistency (ICC, 0.80 to 0.98). Conclusion The TFL technique appears best for patients with 6 mm to 10 mm of straight anterolateral fibula. Sixty-one percent (61%) of fibulas featured this morphology, indicating most patients may be amenable to this technique.
GNSS High-Precision Augmentation for Autonomous Vehicles: Requirements, Solution, and Technical Challenges

Autonomous driving is becoming a pivotal technology that can realize intelligent transportation and revolutionize the future of mobility. Various types of sensors, including perception sensors and localization sensors, are essential for high-level autonomous and intelligent vehicles (AIV). In this paper, the characteristics of different sensors are compared, and the application characteristics and requirements of AIV are analyzed in depth. These analyses indicate that: GNSS, as the unique localization sensor that can obtain an absolute position, can not only provide all-weather position and time information for internal multi-sensor fusion but also act as a standard spatiotemporal reference for all autonomous systems; Furthermore, AIVs aim to provide safety for a mass user base ranging from tens to hundreds of millions; for this, AIVs require a global wide-area and instantaneous precise positioning service with location privacy protection. Based on a “geometry-bound” description of road grade and vehicle size, it has been found that GNSS requirements in autonomous vehicles include decimeter-level positioning with the assurance of high integrity. Combined with high-integrity GNSS implementation in the civil aviation field, GNSS different technology routes, and commercial solutions, a state space representation (SSR)-based GNSS high-precision augmentation positioning solution for AIV is summarized and introduced. The solution can achieve instantaneous, precise positioning with high integrity in a wide area by utilizing passive positioning mode with location privacy protection. In addition, the research progress on key technologies in the solution and existing challenges is investigated in detail by reviewing a series of publications.
Algorithm of Color Detection for Moving Video Objects Based on Mode Matching

It is urgent to study how to effectively identify color of moving objects from the video in the information era. In this paper, we present the color identification methods for moving objects on fixed camera. One kind of the methods is background subtraction that recognizes the foreground objects by compare the difference of pixel luminance between the current image and the background image at the same coordinates. Another kind is based on the statistics of HSV color and color matching which makes the detection more similar to the color identification of the human beings. According to the experiment results, after the completion of the background modelling, our algorithm of background subtraction, statistics of the HSV color and the color matching have strong color recognition ability on the moving objects of video.
High bandwidth waveguide photodetector based on an amplifier layer stack on active-passive semi-insulating InP at 1.55 µm

A waveguide photodetector based on semi-insulating indium phosphide (InP) was designed and fabricated. The layer stack for this photodetector was optimized for use as an optical amplifier or laser. By reversely biasing the structure, an efficient, high-speed photodetector was made, which allows for easy integration of source, detector and passive optical components on a single chip. Based on the simulation results, we designed a 30µm×1. 5µm waveguide photodetector integrated with a passive access waveguide, which has achieved a 3dB bandwidth of 35GHz and 0.25A/W external reponsivity at 1. 55µm wavelength at −4V bias voltage.
Wideband circularly polarized low-profile antenna using artificial magnetic conductor

Abstract A wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector is presented. Its primary radiation elements are composed of two bowtie dipoles which are arranged orthogonally through double-printed rings to allow easy impedance matching and produce good CP radiation. Planar periodic square metallic plates, which behave as AMC surfaces when placed on a grounded dielectric substrate, are appropriately incorporated with crossed bowtie dipoles to achieve the desired unidirectional radiation, low profile, as well as wideband features. The final design with an overall size of 0. 75λo × 0. 75λo × 0. 11λo (λo is the free space wavelength at 5 GHz) resulted in a measured –10 dB |S11| bandwidth of 54.2% (4.3–7.5 GHz) and a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of 33.3% (5–7 GHz). The antenna yields right-hand circular polarization and broadside gain of approximately 7.9 dBic across the CP operating bandwidth.
On finite-state information rates from channel simulations

It has recently become feasible to compute information rates of finite-state source/channel models with not too many states. In this paper, we apply such methods to finite-state approximations of channels that are not finite-state. In this way, an upper bound and a conjectured lower bound on the information rate of the actual channel can be computed.
The Past, Present, and Uncertain Future of Collective Conflict Management: Peacekeeping and Beyond

ABSTRACT Many scholars contend that United Nations peacekeeping has entered a period of transition, but there is little consensus about the nature of this transition or where it may lead. This article seeks to place these debates into a broader theoretical and historical context. Peacekeeping, I argue, is but the latest instantiation of ‘collective conflict management’ (CCM), which has taken many different forms in the past and likely will again in the future. In particular, this article seeks to explain the international systemic conditions that give rise to, and transform, CCM over time.
Some Bayesian Inferences for Von Mises Distribution

SYNOPTIC ABSTRACT The von Mises distribution (VMS) is considered to be a circular distribution having two parameters and is the natural analogue on the circle of the Normal distribution on the real line. Since the density function involves the modified Bessel function, quite often the sample generation becomes tedious. This limits the applicability of the distribution. In this paper, we have done some Bayesian inferences of the parameters using weighted bootstrap resampling method and a modified version of Gibb's sampling under different prior distributions. A numerical example is also presented.
A Diabetes Monitoring System and Health-Medical Service Composition Model in Cloud Environment

Diabetes is a common chronic illness or absence of sugar in the blood. The early detection of this disease decreases the serious risk factor. Nowadays, Machine Learning based cloud environment acts as a vital role in disease detection. The people who belong to the rural areas are not getting the proper health care treatments. So, this research work proposed an automated eHealth cloud system for detecting diabetes in the earlier stage to decrease the mortality rate and provides health treatment facilities to rural peoples. Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is a type of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that has a lot of potential for solving classification challenges. This research work is consisting of several activities like feature normalization, feature selection and classification. We have employed principal component analysis (PCA) for feature selection and extreme learning machine (ELM) for classification. Finally, a cloud computing-based environment with three numbers of virtual machines (vCPU-4, vCPU-8, and vCPU-16), is used for the detection of diabetes. The efficacy of the proposed model has been evaluated with the PIMA dataset in both standalone and cloud environments and achieved 90.57 % accuracy, 82.24 % sensitivity, 73.23 % specificity, and 75.03 % F-1 score with the virtual machine vCPU-16. The experimental results define the proposed model as superior to other state-of-art models with better classification accuracy and less number of features.
Parallel Algorithm for Fully Nonlinear Aeroelastic Analysis

This paper presents the development of a parallel algorithm for a fully nonlinear aeroelastic analysis. The aeroelastic model consists of: (1) a nonlinear structural model that captures in-plane, out-of-plane, and torsional couplings, (2) an unsteady, viscous aerodynamic model that captures compressible flow effects for transonic flows with shock/boundary layer interaction, and (3) a solution methodology that assures synchronous interaction between the nonlinear structure and fluid flow, including a consistent geometric interface between the highly-deforming structure and flow field. A parallel computation algorithm based on message-passing interface was developed for the flow solver. This parallel computation algorithm and the grid generator of the flow solver were developed concurrently to improve the efficiency of parallel computation. Results are presented for the (original) Goland Wing and for the Heavy Goland Wing, for Mach numbers ranging from 0.09 to 0.7.
Novel Steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines Derived from Epiandrosterone and Androsterone: Synthesis, Characterization and Configuration-Activity Relationships

Two series of novel steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines derived from natural epiandrosterone and androsterone were designed and synthesized, and these compounds were screened for their potential anticancer activities. The preliminary bioassay indicated that some of these prepared compounds exhibited significantly good cytotoxic activities against human gastric cancer (SGC-7901), lung cancer (A549), and hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines compared with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), epiandrosterone, and androsterone. Especially the respective pairs from epiandrosterone and androsterone showed significantly different inhibitory activities, and the possible configuration-activity relationships have also been summarized and discussed based on kinase assay and molecular docking, which indicated that the inhibition activities of these steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines might obviously be affected by the configuration of the hydroxyl group in the part of the steroidal scaffold.
A Room Design of Order 14

A Room design of order 2n, where n is a positive integer, is an arrangement of 2n objects in a square array of side 2n - 1, such that each of the (2n - 1)2 cells of the array is either empty or contains exactly two distinct objects; each of the 2n objects appears exactly once in each row and column; and each (unordered) pair of objects occurs in exactly one cell. A Room design of order 2n is said to be cyclic if the entries in the (i + l) th row are obtained by moving the entries in the i th row one column to the right (with entries in the (2n - l)th column being moved to the first column), and increasing the entries in each occupied cell by l(mod 2n - 1), except that the digit 0 remains unchanged.
Hubble Space Telescope Proper-Motion Measurements of the η Carinae Nebula

We present proper-motion measurements of the bipolar lobes and equatorial disk features ejected from η Carinae during the last century and deduce their relative ages in order to determine the likelihood of multiple ejection events. Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 images taken in 1994, 1995, and 1999 were compared, and the motions of small (~1'') patches throughout the nebula were measured. Assuming that the material has not been accelerated or decelerated, the projected expansion velocities of both lobes and two equatorial features (the "Paddle" and regions in the NN Jet) indicate that the bipolar lobes and fast equatorial ejecta have the same origin date, some 150 years ago during the Great Eruption. We also conclude that the ejection of the partial shell of outer debris preceded the Great Eruption by at least several decades or possibly a century, confirming that the nebula surrounding η Car represents at least two outburst events and maybe more.