Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-Supervised Time Series Classification Based on LSTM and Contrastive Transformer

Time series data has attached extensive attention as multi-domain data, but it is difficult to analyze due to its high dimension and few labels. Self-supervised representation learning provides an effective way for processing such data. Considering the frequency domain features of the time series data itself and the contextual feature in the classification task, this paper proposes an unsupervised Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and contrastive transformer-based time series representation model using contrastive learning. Firstly, transforming data with frequency domain-based augmentation increases the ability to represent features in the frequency domain. Secondly, the encoder module with three layers of LSTM and convolution maps the augmented data to the latent space and calculates the temporal loss with a contrastive transformer module and contextual loss. Finally, after self-supervised training, the representation vector of the original data can be got from the pre-trained encoder. Our model achieves satisfied performances on Human Activity Recognition (HAR) and sleepEDF real-life datasets.
Optic Nerve Regeneration in Diabetic Retinopathy: Potentials and Challenges Ahead

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the most common microvascular compilation of diabetes, is the leading cause of vision loss and blindness worldwide. Recent studies indicate that retinal neuron impairment occurs before any noticeable vascular changes in DR, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration is one of the earliest signs. Axons of RGCs have little capacity to regenerate after injury, clinically leading the visual functional defects to become irreversible. In the past two decades, tremendous progress has been achieved to enable RGC axon regeneration in animal models of optic nerve injury, which holds promise for neural repair and visual restoration in DR. This review summarizes these advances and discusses the potential and challenges for developing optic nerve regeneration strategies treating DR.
InGaN-based LEDs on convex lens-shaped GaN arrays toward multiwavelength light emitters

InGaN-based LEDs on convex lens-shaped GaN microstructures are fabricated. The gently sloping microstructures enable us to employ simple device processes similar to those for conventional planar LEDs. The fabricated LEDs show a clear rectifying property and broadband electroluminescence spectra ranging from ∼380 to ∼500 nm due to the multiwavelength emission properties of the InGaN quantum wells. Furthermore, the peak wavelength continuously changes from ∼470 to ∼410 nm within a particular current range.
Synthesis, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Fully Biobased Poly (hexamethylene succinate-co-2,5-furandicarboxylate) Copolyesters

Poly (hexamethylene succinate) (PHS) is a biobased and biodegradable polyester. In this research, two fully biobased high-molecular-weight poly (hexamethylene succinate-co-2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PHSF) copolyesters with low hexamethylene furandicarboxylate (HF) unit contents (about 5 and 10 mol%) were successfully synthesized through a two-step transesterification/esterification and polycondensation method. The basic thermal behavior, crystal structure, isothermal crystallization kinetics, melting behavior, thermal stability, and tensile mechanical property of PHSF copolyesters were studied in detail and compared with those of PHS. PHSF showed a decrease in the melt crystallization temperature, melting temperature, and equilibrium melting temperature while showing a slight increase in the glass transition temperature and thermal decomposition temperature. PHSF copolyesters displayed the same crystal structure as PHS. Compared with PHS, PHSF copolyesters showed the improved mechanical property. The presence of about 10 mol% of HF unit increased the tensile strength from 12.9 ± 0.9 MPa for PHS to 39.2 ± 0.8 MPa; meanwhile, the elongation at break also increased from 498.5 ± 4.78% to 1757.6 ± 6.1%.
Mechanical properties of SiC nanowires determined by scanning electron and field emission microscopies

eters. Our model fully takes into account these effects and results in an excellent agreement with the measured resonance modes in both configurations. Analytical solutions with their validity conditions are given for the low and high tension ranges and semianalytical solutions for the intermediary range. Viable estimates of Young’s modulus are thus achieved for the ultra high vacuum UHV environment of FE. Progressive in situ cleaning was performed in the FE-UHV configuration in the range of 600‐1350 K, which increased the Q factor of the first mechanical resonance by up to 100 and did not alter the value of the Young’s modulus measured previously in the SEM configuration. The agreement between the SEM and FE techniques means that we can now profit from their different strengths for better understanding the mechanics of nanowires and nanotubes.
Three-dimensional printed thermoplastic polyurethane on fabric as wearable smart sensors

The microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with a thermoplastic substrate has been widely used in wearable sensors primarily due to its lightweight, flexibility, strength, and compactness. But up till now, little has been conveyed on the use of three-dimensional (3D) printed thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) on cotton-lycra woven (CLW) fabric-based substrate as a wearable sensor. This study presents a novel and scalable approach for characterizing, simulating, and fabricating the substrate for wearable sensor applications. In this study 3D printing of TPU on CLW fabric (70% cotton (on the warp side)-30% lycra (on the weft side) using fused filament fabrication (FFF) process) has been reported with a tradeoff between flexibility and strength (of a substrate for wearable sensor applications). The rheological, mechanical, morphological, four-dimensional (4D), and resonance frequency (RF) characterization of the substrate has been established. As regards rheological properties, the melt flow index (MFI) of primary (1°) recycled TPU was observed as 29.758 g/(10min). Further, the optimized 3D printing settings of TPU were obtained based on the mechanical testing (minimum stiffness, maximum peak strength (PS), maximum Young's modulus (E), and maximum strain energy (SE)) which comes out to be 225°C nozzle temperature, 18 mm/s printing speed and 60% infill density with a stiffness of 3.311 N/mm and PS of 9.628 MPa. The mechanical properties of TPU printed on stretched and unstretched CLW fabric were tested for lower stiffness (more flexibility). To ascertain the mechanical properties, porosity analyses of samples printed on CLW fabric have been performed based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For dielectric properties, and RF characterization, the ring resonator (RR) test was performed based on a Vector network analyzer (VNA). Finally, 4D characterization of the substrate was performed by applying a load from 0 to 25 N, resulting in programable RF output (in the industry scientific and medicine (ISM) band).
Bucket Loading Trajectory Optimization for the Automated Wheel Loader

The bucket motion of a wheel loader during the loading process is investigated in this study. The optimal bucket loading trajectory can be obtained by solving an optimal control problem with the performance criteria of the <bold>fill factor</bold>, <bold>fuel efficiency</bold> and <bold>operation cycle time</bold>. A control-oriented model for the bucket loading operation is developed. Based on the control-oriented model, the bucket loading process is formulated as an optimal control problem with physical constraints. An open-source optimization solver, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$OpenOCL$</tex-math></inline-formula>, is used to solve this problem. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective in generating the optimal trajectory with significantly increased energy efficiency and productivity. This optimal trajectory can be employed as a reference for an automated wheel loader or as a driver advisory for a human operated wheel loader.
Theory of infrared nanospectroscopy by photothermal induced resonance

We present a theoretical investigation of the physics involved in a recently developed spectromicroscopy technique, called photothermal induced resonance (PTIR). With this technique, one measures the local infrared absorption spectrum of a sample shined with a tunable infrared laser pulse, and detects the induced photothermal expansion with the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM). Simple physical assumptions allow us to describe analytically the heating and expansion of the sample, the excitation of the vibration modes of the AFM cantilever, and the detected signal. We show that the signal depends on the thermal expansion velocity rather than on the absolute displacement of the tip, and we investigate the influence of the laser pulse length. Eventually, we express the PTIR signal in terms of relevant parameters, and prove its proportionality to the sample absorbance. This analytical approach complement our experimental results and validates the PTIR method as a technique of choice for infrared spectro.
Spirits quality classification based on machine vision technology and expert knowledge

By combining machine vision technology and expert knowledge, this paper proposes an online intelligent classification solution for Chinese spirits, which effectively improves the classification accuracy and production efficiency of spirits. Specifically, an intelligent spirits quality classification system is first designed, including spirits collectors, image sampling cameras, and computing devices. According to the principle that the size and shape of the bubbles in the spirits collector will change with the alcohol content in the spirits, a classification method of spirits quality based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) and bubble region of interest (ROI) selection is proposed. Furthermore, a post-processing method based on expert knowledge is proposed to improve the accuracy of the classification algorithm. A spirits quality classification dataset containing 139 119 images is created, and 15 CNNs are tested. Test results show that the highest spirits quality classification accuracy is 98.62% after using the bubble ROI selection method, and the highest classification accuracy reached 99.82% after adopting the post-processing method. Furthermore, practical application tests show that the solution proposed in this paper can improve spirits’ production quality and efficiency.
A proof of Kolmogorov's theorem

In this paper we will give a proof of Kolmogorov's theorem on the conservation of invariant tori. This proof is close to the one given by Bennettin, Galgani, Giorgilli and Strelcyn in [2]; we follow the outline of their proof, but carry out the steps somewhat differently in several places. In particular, the use of balls rather than polydiscs simplifies several arguments and improves the estimates.
Reduction of Dietrich-Ruina attractors to unimodal maps

We present a geometric analysis of a quasi-static single degree of freedom elastic slider with a state and rate dependent friction law. In particular, we examine and characterize the regime of chaotic motions displayed by the Dieterich-Ruina model. We do so by numerically reducing the chaotic attractors to a family of unimodal maps and discuss why this suggests complex behaviour in the dynamical system.
Evaluation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Carriers for the Delivery of Oncolytic HAdV-5 to Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are of significant therapeutic interest due to their ability to deliver oncolytic adenoviruses to tumors. This approach is also investigated for targeting head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). HAdV-5-HexPos3, a recently reported capsid-modified vector based on human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5), showed strongly improved infection of both hMSCs and the HNSCC cell line UM-SCC-11B. Given that, we generated life cycle-unmodified and -modified replication-competent HAdV-5-HexPos3 vector variants and analyzed their replication within bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived hMSCs. Efficient replication was detected for both life cycle-unmodified and -modified vectors. Moreover, we analyzed the migration of vector-carrying hMSCs toward different HNSCCs. Although migration of hMSCs to HNSCC cell lines was confirmed in vitro, no homing of hMSCs to HNSCC xenografts was observed in vivo in mice and in ovo in a chorioallantoic membrane model. Taken together, our data suggest that HAdV-5-HexPos3 is a potent candidate for hMSC-based oncolytic therapy of HNSCCs. However, it also emphasizes the importance of generating optimized in vivo models for the evaluation of hMSC as carrier cells.
Performance of Quinoxalinone Derivatives as a Potential Efficient Inhibitor of Ordinary Steel Corrosion in 1 M Hydrochloric Acid: DFT Calculations

Two quinoxalinone derivatives, namely 3-(p-tolyl)-3.4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-(1H)-one (Q1) and 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methyl-3.4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-(1H)-one (Q2)
The interaction of large amplitude shallow-water waves with an ambient shear flow: non-critical flows

This paper describes the behaviour of large amplitude, long gravity waves as they move over a horizontal bed into a region where the flow is steady but sheared in a vertical direction. A new class of exact solutions to the nonlinear hydraulic flow equations is derived. These solutions describe progressing waves and are sufficiently general to allow both the shape of the free surface at any instant and the shear profile of the undisturbed flow to be specified. The waves are examples of neutrally stable disturbances in the sense that they neither grow nor decay in amplitude, although, like simple waves on an unsheared flow, they can break.
Asymptotic formulas for g-gonal sequence factorials

In this note, we provide basic asymptotic formulas for approximating large g-gonal sequence factorials by using Stirling and Burnside asymptotic approximation formulas for large factorials. More accurate asymptotic approximation formulas for large g-gonal sequence factorials resulting from some recent, more accurate asymptotic formulas for large factorials that have appeared in the literature are presented.
Inequality and education: implications for the psychologist

Inequality in education is placed in its historical context, first by reference to social class in the working of the Butler Act and then to its impact on students of ethnic minority origin as established by the Swann Report (1985). The flawed nature of the psychological tests as instruments, particularly lQ tests, is identified and Owusu-Bempah & Howitt’s thesis (1999) that pyschology continues to support, rather than undermine, racism because racism is deeply, indeed fundamentally embedded in its thinking and practice, is introduced. The curricular requirements of the 1988 Education Act are exemplified by reference to the History Syllabus with its ethno-centric emphasis and a parallel is drawn between the definition of institutional racism provided by the Macpherson report as perceived by Ouseley and the failure of schools to meet the needs of a multiracial society. The paper concludes that this view is supported by the findings of the Ofsted report, which found that the majority of schools continued in their failure to monitor their results by the ethnic origin of their pupils with the result that their equal opportunities policies had little effect.
Multimodal biometric approach for cancelable face template generation

Due to the rapid growth of biometric technology, template protection becomes crucial to secure integrity of the biometric security system and prevent unauthorized access. Cancelable biometrics is emerging as one of the best solutions to secure the biometric identification and verification system. We present a novel technique for robust cancelable template generation algorithm that takes advantage of the multimodal biometric using feature level fusion. Feature level fusion of different facial features is applied to generate the cancelable template. A proposed algorithm based on the multi-fold random projection and fuzzy communication scheme is used for this purpose. In cancelable template generation, one of the main difficulties is keeping interclass variance of the feature. We have found that interclass variations of the features that are lost during multi fold random projection can be recovered using fusion of different feature subsets and projecting in a new feature domain. Applying the multimodal technique in feature level, we enhance the interclass variability hence improving the performance of the system. We have tested the system for classifier fusion for different feature subset and different cancelable template fusion. Experiments have shown that cancelable template improves the performance of the biometric system compared with the original template.
The Iterative Regularization Method Based on Image Decomposition Model

Motivated by iterative regularization procedure based on total variation, we develop concretely a new iterative regularization procedure for Vese-Osher image decomposition model. The new algorithm improves significantly the quality of restoration when Vese-Osher standard model is used to real textured image denoising. The new algorithm is very simple, and we implement the method by the semi-implicit finite differences.
Robust Adaptive Variable Structure Control of Spacecraft Under Control Input Saturation

In this paper we propose two globally stable control algorithms for robust stabilization of spacecraft in the presence of control input saturation, parametric uncertainty, and external disturbances. The control algorithms are based on variable structure control design and have the following properties: 1 ) fast and accurate response in thepresenceofbounded external disturbancesand parametricuncertainty;2 )explicit accounting forcontrol input saturation; 3 ) computational simplicity and straightforward tuning. We include a detailed stability analysis for the resulting closed-loop system. The stability proof is based on a Lyapunov-like analysis and the properties of the quaternion representation of spacecraft dynamics. It is also shown that an adaptive version of the proposed controller results in substantially simpler stability analysis and improved overall response. We also include numerical simulations to illustrate the spacecraft performance obtained using the proposed controllers.
Rotational modulation in IUE spectra of cool dwarf chromospheres. I, Data analysis and period search techniques

Time-sequenced IUE spectra of a number of a bright F-K dwarfs have been used to investigate rotational modulation in several important chromospheric and transition emission lines. Stellingwerf's phase dispersion minimization (PDM) technique forms the basis of this time-series analysis of these sparsely sampled, irregularly spaced observational sequences, which consist of no more than 13 spectra in any one season. In such highly sample-limited time series, the resultant PDM spectrum is greatly complicated by overlapping alias orders which invariably produce strong interference effects, but the deliberately irregular sampling has proven of value in the development of techniques to identify the intrinsic stellar flux modulation period. Two stars are selected to illustrate these new techniques in detail. 34 refs.
INTERFEROMETER OBSERVATIONS OF DOUBLE STARS (ABSTRACT)

Further observations have been made at Mount Wilson by the writer with the rotating type of stellar interferometer devised by Anderson and applied by him with great success to the determina-tion of the orbit of the close double star Capella. The new measures of Capella indicate that the orbital elements derived by Anderson will require only small corrections. The duplicity of the known double star k Ursae Majoris (A 1585) was independently detected by Anderson and the writer with the interferometer on the night of March 1, 1921. measures in 1907, 1909 and 1919 and the recent results with the interferometer are as follows: About 70 stars have been examined and found to show no decided changes of visibility of the fringes with varying position angle, with slit separations up to 80 inches.
Using Wherry's Adjusted R 2 and Mallow's Cp for Model Selection From All Possible Regressions

Abstract Selecting a subset of predictors from a pool of potential predictors continues to be a common problem encountered by applied researchers in education. Because of several limitations associated with stepwise variable selection procedures, the examination of all possible regression solutions has been recommended. The authors evaluated the use of Mallow's Cp and Wherry's adjusted R 2 statistics to select a final model from a pool of model solutions. Neither the Cp nor the adjusted R 2 statistic correctly identified the underlying regression model any better and was generally worse than the stepwise selection method, which itself was poor. Using any of the model selection procedures studied here resulted in biased estimates of the authentic regression coefficients and underestimation of their standard errors. The use of theory and professional judgment is recommended for the selection of variables in a prediction equation.
Effect of low-velocity, low-mass intruders (collisionless gas) on the dynamical evolution of a binary system

More than 20,000 computer-simulated encounters between low-mass (compared to the binary components) intruders and binary systems have been made. These calculations were made in the important (and difficult) limit where the intruder velocity is small compared to the orbital velocity of the binary. The dependence of the encounters on orbital eccentricity, on the mass ratios of the binary components, and on the impact parameter was found. These encounters increase the binding energy of the binary. At zero impact parameter, the average increase in the binding energy is proportional to the square of the binary orbital eccentricity. However, the increase in the binding energy decreases much faster with increasing impact parameter as the eccentricity increases. The net result is that the total cross section for increasing the binding energy of a binary through encounters with low-mass intruders is independent of the orbital eccentricity of the binary. The average increase in the binding energy per encounter is directly proportional to the mass of the intruder (in the limit where its mass is small compared to the binary mass). If the binary components are equally massive, the probability that the intruder is captured into a long-lived orbit which persists for at least 1.5more » x 10/sup 5/ integration steps or about 700 revolutions of the original binary is only about 1% at zero impact parameter. However, the probability of long-term capture climbs rapidly for encounters in which the closest approach, R/sub min/, of the intruder to the binary is greater than 0.5 of the semimajor axis a/sub 0/ of the orbit. It climbs to about 20% at R/sub min//a/sub 0/ = 1.9 and then falls off rapidly at larger R/sub min/. Here the capture is due to the tidal field of the binary. The probability of long-term capture increases as the orbital eccentricity increases. 14 references, 9 figures, 4 tables. « less