Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Changes in Response to a Cycle-Run Field Test of Young Male National “Talent identification” and Senior Elite Triathlon Squads

Abstract Díaz, V, Peinado, AB, Vleck, VE, Alvarez-Sánchez, M, Benito, PJ, Alves, FB, Calderón, FJ, and Zapico, AG. Longitudinal changes in response to a cycle-run field test of young male national “talent identification” and senior elite triathlon squads. J Strength Cond Res 26(8): 2209–2219, 2012—This study investigated the changes in cardiorespiratory response and running performance of 9 male “Talent Identification” (TID) and 6 male Senior Elite (SE) Spanish National Squad triathletes during a specific cycle-run (C-R) test. The TID and SE triathletes (initial age 15.2 ± 0.7 vs. 23.8 ± 5.6 years, p = 0.03; V[Combining Dot Above]O2max 77.0 ± 5.6 vs. 77.8 ± 3.6 ml·kg−1·min−1, nonsignificant) underwent 3 tests through the competitive period and the preparatory period, respectively, of 2 consecutive seasons: test 1 was an incremental cycle test to determine the ventilatory threshold (Thvent); test 2 (C-R) was 30-minute constant load cycling at the Thvent power output followed by a 3-km time-trial run; and test 3 (isolated control run [R]) was an isolated 3-km time-trial control run, in randomized counterbalanced order. In both seasons, the time required to complete the C-R 3-km run was greater than for R in TID (11:09 ± 00:24 vs. 10:45 ± 00:16 min:ss, p < 0.01 and 10:24 ± 00:22 vs. 10:04 ± 00:14, p = 0.006, for season 2005–2006 and 2006–2007, respectively) and SE (10:15 ± 00:19 vs. 09:45 ± 00:30, p < 0.001 and 09:51 ± 00:26 vs. 09:46 ± 00:06, p = 0.02 for season 2005–2006 and 2006–2007, respectively). Compared with the first season, the completion of the time-trial run was faster in the second season (6.6%, p < 0.01 and 6.4%, p < 0.01, for C-R and R tests, respectively) only in TID. Changes in post cycling run performance were accompanied by changes in pacing strategy, but there were only slight or nonsignificant changes in the cardiorespiratory response. Thus, the negative effect of cycling on performance may persist, independently of the period, over 2 consecutive seasons in TID and SE triathletes; however, improvements over time suggests that monitoring running pacing strategy after cycling may be a useful tool to control performance and training adaptations in TID.
Theories for Mass-Spring Simulation in Computer Graphics: Stability, Costs and Improvements

Spring-mass systems are widely used in computer animation to model soft objects. Although the systems can be numerically solved either by explicit methods or implicit methods, it has been difficult to obtain stable results from explicit methods. This paper describes detailed discussion on stabilizing explicit methods in spring-mass simulation. The simulation procedures are modeled as a linear digital system, and system stability is mathematically defined. This allows us to develop theories of simulation stability. The application of these theories to explicit methods allows them to become as stable as implicit methods. Furthermore, a faster explicit method is proposed. Experiments confirm the theories and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods.
Predicting the efficacy of cancer vaccines by evaluating T-cell responses

In a preclinical experimental model of human papilloma virus (HPV)-induced cervical carcinoma, we have shown that the efficacy of cancer vaccines can be predicted by the evaluation of vaccine-induced T-cell responses in healthy subjects. We argue that such knowledge can be used to screen candidates for vaccination, which in turn may accelerate the development and increase the overall efficacy of cancer vaccines.
Delayed melatonin administration promotes neuronal survival, neurogenesis and motor recovery, and attenuates hyperactivity and anxiety after mild focal cerebral ischemia in mice

Abstract: Melatonin is a potent antioxidant with neuroprotective activity in animal models of ischemic stroke, which based on its lack of serious toxicity has raised hopes that it might be used for human stroke treatment in the future. This study investigated how subacute delivery of melatonin, starting at 24 hr after stroke onset, and continuing for 29 days (4 mg/kg/day; via drinking water), influences neuronal survival, endogenous neurogenesis, motor recovery and locomotor activity in C57Bl6/j mice submitted to 30‐min middle cerebral artery occlusion. Histologic studies showed that melatonin improved neuronal survival and enhanced neurogenesis, even when applied 1 day after stroke. Cell survival was associated with a long‐lasting improvement of motor and coordination deficits, evaluated by the grip strength and RotaRod tests, as well as with attenuation of hyperactivity and anxiety of the animals as revealed in open field tests. The robust functional neurologic improvements encourage proof‐of‐concept studies with melatonin in human stroke patients.
Omalizumab for Severe Allergic Asthma: 7 Years and Open Questions

Anti-IgE treatment for severe allergic asthma has been available for more than seven years now. This treatment has clear clinical benefits and a good safety record. However, important questions concerning long-term dosing and treatment duration remain unanswered. This paper discusses the available information concerning the long-term use of omalizumab.
A co-simulation environment for integrated cyber and power systems

Due to the development of new power technologies, cyber infrastructures have been widely deployed for monitoring, control, and operation of a power grid. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) provides connectivity of the cyber and power systems. As a result, cyber intrusions become a threat that may cause damages to the physical infrastructures. Research on cyber security for the power grid is a high priority subject for the emerging smart grid environment. A cyber-physical testbed is critical for the study of cyber-physical security of power systems. For confidentiality, measurements (e.g., voltages, currents and binary status) and ICT data (e.g., communication protocols, system logs, and security logs) from the power grids are not publicly accessible. Therefore, a realistic testbed is a good alternative for study of the interactions between physical and cyber systems of a power grid.
Reduced Anxiety and Depression-Like Behaviours in the Circadian Period Mutant Mouse Afterhours

Background Disruption of the circadian rhythm is a key feature of bipolar disorder. Variation in genes encoding components of the molecular circadian clock has been associated with increased risk of the disorder in clinical populations. Similarly in animal models, disruption of the circadian clock can result in altered mood and anxiety which resemble features of human mania; including hyperactivity, reduced anxiety and reduced depression-like behaviour. One such mutant, after hours (Afh), an ENU-derived mutant with a mutation in a recently identified circadian clock gene Fbxl3, results in a disturbed (long) circadian rhythm of approximately 27 hours. Methodology Anxiety, exploratory and depression-like behaviours were evaluated in Afh mice using the open-field, elevated plus maze, light-dark box, holeboard and forced swim test. To further validate findings for human mania, polymorphisms in the human homologue of FBXL3, genotyped by three genome wide case control studies, were tested for association with bipolar disorder. Principal Findings Afh mice showed reduced anxiety- and depression-like behaviour in all of the behavioural tests employed, and some evidence of increased locomotor activity in some tests. An analysis of three separate human data sets revealed a gene wide association between variation in FBXL3 and bipolar disorder (P = 0.009). Conclusions Our results are consistent with previous studies of mutants with extended circadian periods and suggest that disruption of FBXL3 is associated with mania-like behaviours in both mice and humans.
Does It Matter Whether Ecosystems Are Real

The question whether ecosystems are real has significant implications for what we perceive to be our moral duties towards them. In this paper I examine two environmental thinkers who reject the reality of ecosystems, though for widely different reasons: Bryan Norton’s (2005) rejection book is based on his philosophical allegiance to a pragmatic anti-essentialism, whereas Allan Fitzsimmons (1999) simply finds the prevalent definitions for the term ‘ecosystem’ to be circular, confused or empirically baseless. I argue for the claim that Fitzsimmons’ approach is preferable, and in fact rightfully leaves open the theoretical possibility that ecosystems are real.
Systèmes de contrôle marketing et stratégies de distribution : la mise en évidence du facteur environnemental par une étude exploratoire

Les differentes etudes portant sur les determinants des systemes de controle marketing restent parcellaires. Cet article presente les resultats d'une etude exploratoire visant a mettre a jour les elements de l'environnement de l'entreprise qui peuvent influencer le systeme de controle adopte. Une vingtaine d'entretiens semi directifs aupres de directions marketing et commerciales ont permis d'identifier quatre categories d'entreprises selon le systeme de controle mis en place. Ces quatre categories suggerent que la relation avec la distribution structure fortement le systeme de controle, qu'il s'agisse du rapport de force entre fabricant et distributeur ou du type de relation commerciale.
Culture and Difference: Critical Perspectives on the Bicultural Experience in the United States

Foreword by Henry A. Giroux Acknowledgments The Politics of Biculturalism: Culture and Difference in the Formation of Warriors for Gringostroika and The New Mestizas by Antonia Darder Rethinking Afrocentricity: The Foundation of a Theory of Critical Africentricity by Makungu M. Akinyela Chicana Identity Matters by Deena J. Gonzales "Race" and "Ethnicity" in a Changing California Economy and Society: The Asian-American and Latino Problematic by Rodolfo D. Torres and Swan Ngin Cultural Democracy and the Revitalization of the U.S. Labor Movement by Kent Wong The Zone of Black Bodies: Language, Black Consciousness, and Adolescent Identities by Garrett Duncan The Alter-Native Grain: Theorizing Chicano/a Popular Culture by Alicia Gaspar de Alba Public Space and Culture: A Critical Response to Conventional and Postmodern Visions of City Life by David R. Diaz The Idea of Mestizaje and the "Race" Problematic: Racialized Media Discourse in a Postmodern City by Victor Valle and Rodolfo D. Torres Working with Gay/Homosexual Latinos with HIV Disease: Spiritual Emergencies and Culturally-Based Psycho-Therapeutic Treatments by Lourdes Arguelles and Anne Rivero African Americans, Gender, and Religiosity by Daphne C. Wiggins Voice and Empowerment: The Struggle for Poetic Expression by Luis J. Rodriguez Bicultural Strengths and Struggles of Southeast Asian Americans in School by Peter N. Kiang Language Policy and Social Implications for Addressing the Bicultural Immigrant Experience in the United States by Alberto M. Ochoa Index
Development of Kinematic 3D Laser Scanning System for Indoor Mapping and As-Built BIM Using Constrained SLAM

The growing interest and use of indoor mapping is driving a demand for improved data-acquisition facility, efficiency and productivity in the era of the Building Information Model (BIM). The conventional static laser scanning method suffers from some limitations on its operability in complex indoor environments, due to the presence of occlusions. Full scanning of indoor spaces without loss of information requires that surveyors change the scanner position many times, which incurs extra work for registration of each scanned point cloud. Alternatively, a kinematic 3D laser scanning system, proposed herein, uses line-feature-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) technique for continuous mapping. Moreover, to reduce the uncertainty of line-feature extraction, we incorporated constrained adjustment based on an assumption made with respect to typical indoor environments: that the main structures are formed of parallel or orthogonal line features. The superiority of the proposed constrained adjustment is its reduction for uncertainties of the adjusted lines, leading to successful data association process. In the present study, kinematic scanning with and without constrained adjustment were comparatively evaluated in two test sites, and the results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed system. The accuracy of the 3D mapping result was additionally evaluated by comparison with the reference points acquired by a total station: the Euclidean average distance error was 0.034 m for the seminar room and 0.043 m for the corridor, which satisfied the error tolerance for point cloud acquisition (0.051 m) according to the guidelines of the General Services Administration for BIM accuracy.
Intraocular Transplantation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rabbit Model of Experimental Retinal Holes

Aims: To investigate whether human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hAD-MSC) transplantation would ameliorate the healing process of a rabbit model of retinal holes. Methods: Retinal holes were made in the left eyes of 20 New Zealand white rabbits and randomly filled by hAD-MSCs (transplantation group) or phosphate-buffered saline (control group), respectively. Frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan was performed on days 2, 4, 12, 20 and 32 postoperatively, and immunofluorescence was performed on days 12 and 32 to further identify the cell types of the injured area. Results: Frequency-domain OCT scan showed that the mean center thickness of the reconstructed tissue reached a normal level on day 12 in the transplantation group, while in the control group, the mean center thickness was normal on day 32. Furthermore, compared to the control group where only anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein-labeled glial-like cells were detected, donor-derived opsin-positive photoreceptor-like cells and protein kinase C-positive bipolar-like cells were sporadically found in the transplantation group. Conclusions: Transplanted hAD-MSCs could engraft in the retinal hole of a rabbit model, and clearly accelerated the healing process and ameliorated injury recovery.
THE INCIDENCE AND EFFECTS OF HYBRIDIZATION BETWEEN CULTIVATED RICE AND ITS RELATED WEED RED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)

The objectives of this study were (1) to determine if hybridization occurs naturally between cultivated rice and a closely related weed, red rice (both Oryza sativa L.) and (2) to determine the incidence of hybridization and possible convergence of red rice with cultivated rice. Both morphological and electrophoretic characters were used to confirm the existence of hybrids. A total of 12,000 seeds were collected from red rice plants from fields of six different rice cultivars and sown in a common garden. Hybrids were generally taller and had longer, wider flag leaves than either red rice or cultivated rice. In addition, hybrids produced more tillers than red rice. Overall, hybrids were vegetatively robust plants, demonstrating heterosis and expressing morphological characteristics of both parents. That these plants were hybrids was confirmed by the existence of electrophoretic banding patterns common to both synthetic and natural hybrids.
Approaching the largest β-skeleton within a minimum weight triangulation

Given a set S of n points in the plane, a triangulation is a maximal set of non-intersecting edges connecting the points in S. The weight of the triangulation is the sum of the lengths of the edges. The complexity of computing the minimum weight triangulation is currently unresolved. In this paper, we show that for ~ > 1/ sin K, the &skeleton of S is a subgraph of a minimum weight triangulation of S, where ~ = tan-1(3/m) N 7r/3.l. There exists a four point example such that the /3skeleton for ~ < 1/ sin(r/3) is not a subgraph of the minimum weight triangulation.
Algorithme de Bareiss, algorithme des sous-résultants

Bareiss'algorithm computes the determinant of a matrix. It eliminates in an optimal way the coordinates of its column vectors by fraction-free triangularisation. The subresultant algorithm also calculates the resultant and the greatest common divisor of two polynomials by eliminating optimally their coefficients. In this article, we relate these two algorithms in a single mathematical concept. Intrinsic aspects of this relation are emphasized, thus most of the calculations is avoided as they are long and complicated. Finally, we give a variation of the subresultant algorithm which makes the computation of the chain of the subresultant polynomials more economical (see section 6.2 page 23).
Exposing Software Defined Radio Functionality To Native Operating System Applications via Virtual Devices

Many reconfigurable platforms require that applications be written specifically to take advantage of the reconfigurable hardware. In a PC-based environment, this presents an undesirable constraint in that the many already available applications cannot leverage on such hardware. Greatest benefit can only be derived from reconfigurable devices if even native OS applications can transparently utilize reconfigurable devices as they would normal full-fledged hardware devices. This paper presents how Proteus Virtual Devices are used to expose reconfigurable hardware in a transparent manner for use by typical native OS applications.
The nature of science in science education : rationales and strategies

Foreword and Introduction M. Matthews. I: Rationales for the Nature of Science in Science Instruction. 1. The Role and Character of the Nature of Science in Science Education W.F. McComas, et al. 2. The Nature of Science in International Science Education Standards Documents W.F. McComas, J.K. Olson. 3. The Principal Elements of the Nature of Science: Dispelling the Myths W.F. McComas. 3. The Principal Elements of the Nature of Science: Dispelling the Myths W.F. McComas. II: Communicating the Nature of Science Plans, Approaches and Strategies. 4. The Card Exchange: Introducing the Philosophy of Science W.W. Cobern, C.C. Loving. 5. Avoiding De-Natured Science: Activities that Promote Understandings of the Nature of Science N. Lederman, F. Abd-El-Khalick. 6. Confronting Students' Conceptions of the Nature of Science with Cooperative Controversy P.L. Hammerich. 7. Nature of Science Activities Using the Scientific Theory Profile: From the Hawking-Gould Dichotomy to a Philosophical Checklist C.C. Loving. 8. Learning by Designing: A Case of Heuristic Theory Development in Science Teaching F. Jansen, P. Voogt. 9. Using Historical Case Studies in Biology to Explore the Nature of Science: A Professional Development Program for High School Teachers K.R. Dawkins, A.A. Glatthorn. 10. A History of Science Approach to the Nature of Science: Learning Science by Rediscovering It N. Kipnis. 11. Integrating the Nature of Science with Student Teaching: Rationales and Strategies M.P. Clough. III: Communicating the Nature of Science Courses and Course Elements. 12. A Thematic Introduction to the Nature of Science for Science Educators W.F. McComas. 13. The Nature of Science: Achieving Science Literacy by Doing Science J.O. Matson, S. Parsons. 14. Elementary Science Methods: Developing and Measuring Student Views about the Nature of Science Y. Meichtry. 15. Nature of Science: Implications for Education: An Undergraduate Course for Prospective Teachers K. Sullenger, S. Turner. 16. The Use of Real and Imaginary Cases in Communicating the Nature of Science: A Course Outline D. Boersema. 17. Teaching the Nature of Science as an Element of Science, Technology and Society B. Spector, et al. 18. Of Starting Points and Destinations: Teacher Education and the Nature of Science M.L. Bentley, S.C. Fleury. 19. A Programme for Developing Understanding of the Nature of Science in Science Teacher Education M. Nott, J. Wellington. 20. The Nature of Science as a Foundation for Teaching Science: Evolution as a Case Study C.E. Nelson, et al. IV: Assessing Nature of Science Understanding. 21. Assessing Understanding of the Nature of Science: A Historical Perspective N. Lederman, et al. Notes on Contributors. Index.
TGF‐β1 perturbs vascular development and inhibits epithelial differentiation in fetal lung in vivo

Members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) family of polypeptides have been implicated in morphogenesis and differentiation in numerous tissues, including the lung. In order to further define effects of TGF‐β signaling in lung morphogenesis, a constitutively active form of TGF‐β1 was expressed in respiratory epithelial cells of the fetal mouse lung in vivo. Expression of TGF‐β1 arrested lung morphogenesis in the pseudoglandular stage of development, inhibiting synthesis of differentiation‐dependent proteins, SP‐B, SP‐C, and CCSP, and maintaining embryonic patterns of staining for thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1) and hepatocyte nuclear factor‐3β (HNF‐3β). The pulmonary mesenchyme was thickened and vascular density was increased by TGF‐β1. TGF‐β1 decreased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A) mRNA and protein, and the abundance of Flk‐1 mRNA in the lung mesenchyme. Distribution of platelet‐endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)‐1, a marker of pulmonary blood vessels, was altered, and ultrastructural studies demonstrated that TGF‐β1 inhibited vascular development in the fetal lung. TGF‐β1 perturbed both epithelial cell differentiation and formation of the pulmonary vasculature, supporting the concept that precise control of signaling via the TGF‐β receptor pathway is critical for normal lung morphogenesis. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of a food supplementation and psychosocial stimulation trial for severely malnourished children on the level of maternal depressive symptoms in Bangladesh.

BACKGROUND Maternal depression is associated with poor child development and growth in low-income countries. This paper evaluates the effect of a community-based trial providing psychosocial stimulation and food supplements to severely malnourished children on maternal depressive symptoms in Bangladesh. METHODS Severely underweight (weight-for-age Z-score < -3) hospitalized children aged 6-24 months (n = 507), were randomly assigned to: psychosocial stimulation (PS), food supplementation (FS), PS+FS, clinic control (CC) and hospital control (CH) at discharge. PS included play sessions with children and parental counselling to mothers during fortnightly follow-up visit at community clinics, conducted by trained play leaders for 6 months. FS involved cereal-based supplements (150-300 kcal/day) for 3 months. All groups received medical care, micronutrient supplements and growth monitoring. We used Bayley scales, Home Observation for Measurement of Environment (HOME) inventory and a parenting questionnaire to assess child development, home stimulation and mothers' child-rearing practices, respectively. We assessed mothers' depressive symptoms using a modified version of Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale at baseline and at 6 months post intervention. RESULTS Maternal depressive symptoms were significantly lower in the CH group at baseline (P = 0.014). After 6 months of intervention there was no significant effect of intervention after adjusting for baseline scores and all possible confounders. Maternal depressive symptoms were higher among poorer (P = 0.06), older (P = 0.057) and less educated (P = 0.019) mothers, who were housewives (P = 0.053), and whose husbands had more unstable jobs (P = 0.058). At 6 months post intervention, children's cognitive (P = 0.045) and motor (P = 0.075) development, HOME (P = 0.012) and mother's parenting score (P = 0.057) were higher among mothers with lower depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The study did not show a significant effect of the intervention on the level of maternal depressive symptoms. Interventions with higher intensity and/or of longer duration focusing directly on maternal psychosocial functioning are probably needed to reduce maternal depressive symptoms.