Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Abbreviated Mindfulness Intervention for Job Satisfaction, Quality of Life, and Compassion in Primary Care Clinicians: A Pilot Study

PURPOSE Burnout, attrition, and low work satisfaction of primary care physicians are growing concerns and can have a negative influence on health care. Interventions for clinicians that improve work-life balance are few and poorly understood. We undertook this study as a first step in investigating whether an abbreviated mindfulness intervention could increase job satisfaction, quality of life, and compassion among primary care clinicians. METHODS A total of 30 primary care clinicians participated in an abbreviated mindfulness course. We used a single-sample, pre-post design. At 4 points in time (baseline, and 1 day, 8 weeks, and 9 months postintervention), participants completed a set of online measures assessing burnout, anxiety, stress, resilience, and compassion. We used a linear mixed-effects model analysis to assess changes in outcome measures. RESULTS Participants had improvements compared with baseline at all 3 follow-up time points. At 9 months postintervention, they had significantly better scores (1) on all Maslach Burnout Inventory burnout subscales—Emotional Exhaustion (P =.009), Depersonalization (P = .005), and Personal Accomplishment (P <.001); (2) on the Depression (P =.001), Anxiety (P =.006), and Stress (P = .002) subscales of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21; and (3) for perceived stress (P = .002) assessed with the Perceived Stress Scale. There were no significant changes on the 14-item Resilience Scale and the Santa Clara Brief Compassion Scale. CONCLUSIONS In this uncontrolled pilot study, participating in an abbreviated mindfulness training course adapted for primary care clinicians was associated with reductions in indicators of job burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress. Modified mindfulness training may be a time-efficient tool to help support clinician health and well-being, which may have implications for patient care.
Matrix-Dependent Strain Distributions of Au and Ag Nanoparticles in a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor-Based Nonvolatile Memory Device

The matrix-dependent strain distributions of Au and Ag nanoparticles in a metal-oxide-semiconductor based nonvolatile memory device are investigated by finite element calculations. The simulation results clearly indicate that both Au and Ag nanoparticles incur compressive strain by high-k Al2O3 and conventional SiO2 dielectrics. The strain distribution of nanoparticles is closely related to the surrounding matrix. Nanoparticles embedded in different matrices experience different compressive stresses, which provide opportunities for tailoring the microstructure of Au and Ag nanoparticles. This opens up ways for exploring strain effects on physical properties and further tunes the charge storage properties of nanoparticles.
Regional differences in referral, procedures, and outcome after ablation for atrial fibrillation in Europe: a report from the Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Pilot Registry of the European Society of Cardiology.

AIMS Ablation is an effective treatment of symptomatic and drug refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). Using data from the European AF Ablation Pilot Registry comprising 1410 patients from 10 European countries, we prospectively investigated regional differences in AF ablation regarding patient selection, ablation strategy, and outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS Countries were divided into three regions: South (Greece, Italy, Spain), East (Czech Republic, Poland), and West/North (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, and the Netherlands). One-year success was defined as patient survival free from atrial arrhythmia, with or without antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD). In all regions, patients were symptomatic and treated extensively with beta-blockers and AAD pre-ablation. Patients in East had more co-morbidity, increased thromboembolic risk, were more likely to have paroxysmal AF, and they underwent more left atrial linear ablations. Adverse events remained within expected levels, albeit with a significantly higher reporting of adverse cardiovascular events in the West/North (4.7 vs. 1.4 and 1.5% in South and East, P = 0.0032). There was no significant difference in peripheral/vascular, neurological, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, or general adverse events. The 1-year success rate after ablation differed non-statistically between regions ranging from 69.1 to 74.7%. A second ablation was performed in 23.2% in West/North compared with 10.5 and 16.5% in South and East. The proportion of patients still on AADs was highest in the South region (51.6 vs. 42.3 and 38.8% in East and West/North). CONCLUSION This study with all-comer patients shows that patient selection for ablation follows current guidelines but reveals significant differences regarding co-morbidity, medication, and ablation strategy. Despite this, 1-year outcomes are without significant differences and in line with previously published clinical trials.
Reversible regulation of ORC2 SUMOylation by PIAS4 and SENP2

The small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) system is essential for smooth progression of cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Many centromeric proteins are reversibly SUMOylated to ensure proper chromosome segregation at the mitosis. SUMOylation of centromeric Origin Recognition Complex subunit 2 (ORC2) at the G2/M phase is essential in maintaining genome integrity. However, how ORC2 SUMOylation is regulated remains largely unclear. Here we show that ORC2 SUMOylation is reversibly controlled by SUMO E3 ligase PIAS4 and De-SUMOylase SENP2. Either depletion of PIAS4 or overexpression of SENP2 eliminated SUMOylation of ORC2 at the G/M phase and consequently resulted in abnormal centromeric histone H3 lysine 4 methylation. Cells stably expressing SENP2 protein or small interfering RNA for PIAS4 bypassed mitosis and endoreduplicated their genome to become polyploidy. Furthermore, percentage of polyploid cells is reduced after coexpression of ORC2-SUMO2 fusion protein. Thus, the proper regulation of ORC2 SUMOylation at the G2/M phase by PIAS4 and SENP2 is critical for smooth progression of the mitotic cycle of cells.
Doppler Ultrasound Compared With Strain Gauge for Measurement of Systolic Ankle Blood Pressure

This study assesses measurement variation in the measurement of ankle systolic blood pressure (ABP) when measured with Doppler ultrasound and with the strain gauge method. Ninety-seven patients were included. ABP was measured with Doppler ultrasound and with the strain gauge method. The methods were compared graphically by scatterplots and analyzed by paired t test, analysis of variance, and Pitman's paired variance ratio test. ABP was measured by strain gauge in all extremities, whereas no Doppler signal was obtainable in 7 limbs (4%). There was no systematic difference in measurements between the means of the two measurements. However, a substantial difference of more than 25 mm Hg was found in 15% of limbs and more than 20 mm Hg in 20%. In the majority of patients, measurements of ABP by Doppler ultrasound and the strain gauge method give similar results, but for a minority the discrepancy is substantial.
Disruption of Nrf2 enhances susceptibility to severe airway inflammation and asthma in mice

Oxidative stress has been postulated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma; although a defect in antioxidant responses has been speculated to exacerbate asthma severity, this has been difficult to demonstrate with certainty. Nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a redox-sensitive basic leucine zipper transcription factor that is involved in the transcriptional regulation of many antioxidant genes. We show that disruption of the Nrf2 gene leads to severe allergen-driven airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in mice. Enhanced asthmatic response as a result of ovalbumin sensitization and challenge in Nrf2-disrupted mice was associated with more pronounced mucus cell hyperplasia and infiltration of eosinophils into the lungs than seen in wild-type littermates. Nrf2 disruption resulted in an increased expression of the T helper type 2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and in splenocytes after allergen challenge. The enhanced severity of the asthmatic response from disruption of the Nrf2 pathway was a result of a lowered antioxidant status of the lungs caused by lower basal expression, as well as marked attenuation, of the transcriptional induction of multiple antioxidant genes. Our studies suggest that the responsiveness of Nrf2-directed antioxidant pathways may act as a major determinant of susceptibility to allergen-mediated asthma.
Liberación controlada de principios activos mediante el empleo de formulaciones galénicas

Los principios activos incluidos en una forma galénica convencional se distribuyen indistinta mente entre dianas biológicas específicas y otros tejidos anatómicos. Con el fin de obtener una terapéutica más racional y mejor adaptada, una de las posibilidades más prometedoras es la que utiliza el concepto de vectorización: asociación del principio activo a un vector apropiado, con objeto de aumentar la eficacia y la especificidad de acción del mismo. De esta manera, no solo aumenta la afinidad del fármaco por la diana, sino que además queda protegido de un ambiente potencialmente hostil (enzimas hidrolíticas, pH ácido, etc.). El éxito en la extensión de las aplicaciones de la vectorización depende cada vez más de un diseño adecuado, por lo que el objetivo fundamental de esta revisión será la de presentar las características gen erales y algunas de las actuales aplicaciones de estas nuevas formas farmacéuticas.
Thermal decomposition of silane.

The essential features of the potential energy surface for the thermal decomposition of silane have been calculated with extended basis sets, augmented by correlation corrections. It is predicted that the transition state for the molecular elimination lies 56.9 kcal/mol above silane. For the reverse reaction, the transition state is less than 2 kcal/mol above the separated fragments, silylene and molecular hydrogen, but 4.8 kcal/mol above a long-range potential well. In the latter, the silylene-H/sub 2/ separation is 1.78 A, and the bond in H/sub 2/ has stretched by more than 0.05 A. This indicates a significant electronic interaction between the fragments even at the large fragment separation. The depth of the well is less than 1 kcal/mol at the SCF level of theory, but it increases substantially when correlation is introduced into the wave function. Since the calculated SiH bond energy is 22 kcal/mol larger than the activation energy for the molecular elimination, the homolytic cleavage of silane to form silyl radical is not expected to be an important process in the low-energy pyrolysis of silane.
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN HETEROZYGOSITY AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN COTTUS (TELEOSTEI: COTTIDAE): CHARACTER COMPONENTS

PRICE, T. , M. KIRKPATRICK, AND S. J. ARNOLD. 1988. Directional selection and the evolution of breeding date in birds. Science 240:798-799. READ, A. F. , AND P. H. HARVEY. 1989. Life history differences among the eutherian radiations. J. Zool, 219:329-353. REID, W. V. 1987. The cost of reproduction in the glaucous-winged gull. Oecologia (Berlin) 74:458467. RICKLEFS, R. E. 1977. On the evolution ofreproductive strategies in birds: Reproductive effort. Am. Nat. 111:453-478. ROCKWELL, R. F. , C. S. FINDLAY, ANDF. COOKE. 1987. Is there an optimal clutch size in Snow Geese? Am. Nat. 130:839-863. SCHAFFER, W. L. 1974. Optimal reproductive effort in fluctuating environments. Am. Nat. 108:783790. SMITH, J. N. M. 1981. Does high fecundity reduce survival in song sparrows? Evolution 35:1142-1148. SUTHERLAND, W. J., A. GRAFEN, AND P. H. HARVEY.
Traumatized muscle‐derived multipotent progenitor cells recruit endothelial cells through vascular endothelial growth factor‐A action

Traumatized muscle, such as that debrided from blast injury sites, is considered a promising and convenient tissue source for multipotent progenitor cells (MPCs), a population of adult mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐like cells. The present study aimed to assess the regenerative therapeutic potential of human traumatized muscle‐derived MPCs, e.g., for injury repair in the blast‐traumatized extremity, by comparing their pro‐angiogenic potential in vitro and capillary recruitment activity in vivo to those of MSCs isolated from human bone marrow, a widely‐used tissue source. MPCs were tested for their direct and indirect effects on human microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. The findings reported here showed that MPC‐conditioned culture medium (MPC‐CM), like MSC‐CM, promoted EC‐cord network branching. Silent (si)RNA‐mediated silencing of vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A) expression in MPCs attenuated this effect. In a chick embryonic chorioallantoic membrane in vivo angiogenesis assay, MPCs encapsulated in photocrosslinked gelatin scaffold recruited blood vessels more efficiently than either MSCs or human foreskin fibroblasts. Together, these findings support the potential application of traumatized muscle‐derived MPCs in cell‐based regenerative medicine therapies as a result of their influence on EC organization. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Geometric neural networks and support multi-vector machines

The representation of the external world in biological creatures appears to be defined in terms of geometry. In this regard the author uses Clifford geometric algebra for the development of geometric type neural networks. The contribution of the paper is the extension of our past work including the use of support vector machines (SV machines) in the Clifford algebra framework. Thus geometric MLPs and RBF networks can be generated using SV machines straightforwardly. In this way we expanded the sphere of applicability of the SV machines by the treatment of multi-vectors which encode the geometry of the data manifold in a rich manner.
OCR Post-Processing for Low Density Languages

We present a lexicon-free post-processing method for optical character recognition (OCR), implemented using weighted finite state machines. We evaluate the technique in a number of scenarios relevant for natural language processing, including creation of new OCR capabilities for low density languages, improvement of OCR performance for a native commercial system, acquisition of knowledge from a foreign-language dictionary, creation of a parallel text, and machine translation from OCR output.
Minimization of Entropy Generation in MHD Mixed Convection Flow with Energy Dissipation and Joule Heating: Utilization of Sparrow-Quack-Boerner Local Non-Similarity Method

This article aims to present the non-similar solution of MHD mixed convection flow using the Sparrow-Quack-Boerner local non-similarity method. Entropy analysis is also performed in the presence of energy dissipation and Joule heating. The buoyancy parameter is chosen as the non-similarity variable and the equations are derived up to the second level of truncation. The dependency of dimensionless velocity profile, temperature distribution, Bejan and entropy generation number on physical parameters has been discussed. As far as the knowledge of the authors is concerned, no attempt has been made on the entropy analysis of MHD mixed convection flow by the local non-similarity method.
How Do Cultural Differences Impact the Quality of Sarcasm Annotation?: A Case Study of Indian Annotators and American Text

Sarcasm annotation extends beyond linguistic expertise, and often involves cultural context. This paper presents our ﬁrst-of-its-kind study that deals with impact of cultural differences on the quality of sarcasm annotation. For this study, we consider the case of American text and Indian annotators. For two sarcasm-labeled datasets of American tweets and discussion forum posts that have been annotated by American annotators, we obtain annotations from Indian annotators. Our Indian an-notators agree with each other more than their American counterparts, and face difﬁculties in case of unfamiliar situations and named entities. However, these difﬁculties in sarcasm annotation result in statistically insigniﬁcant degradation in sarcasm classiﬁcation. We also show that these disagreements between annotators can be predicted using textual properties. Although the current study is limited to two annotators and one culture pair, our paper opens up a novel direction in evaluation of the quality of sarcasm annotation, and the impact of this quality on sarcasm classiﬁcation. This study forms a stepping stone towards systematic evaluation of quality of these datasets annotated by non-native annotators, and can be extended to other culture combinations.
A Unifying Framework for Mining Approximate Top- $k$  Binary Patterns

A major mining task for binary matrixes is the extraction of approximate top-k patterns that are able to concisely describe the input data. The top-k pattern discovery problem is commonly stated as an optimization one, where the goal is to minimize a given cost function, see the accuracy of the data description. In this work, we review several greedy algorithms, and discuss PANDA+, an algorithmic framework able to optimize different cost functions generalized into a unifying formulation. We evaluated the goodness of the algorithm by measuring the quality of the extracted patterns. We adapted standard quality measures to assess the capability of the algorithm to discover both the items and transactions of the patterns embedded in the data. The evaluation was conducted on synthetic data, where patterns were artificially embedded, and on real-world text collection, where each document is labeled with a topic. Finally, in order to qualitatively evaluate the usefulness of the discovered patterns, we exploited PANDA+ to detect overlapping communities in a bipartite network. The results show that PANDA+ is able to discover high-quality patterns in both synthetic and real-world datasets.
Studies that compared raw and cooked vegetable intake and cancer risk

This review of the medical literature from 1994 to 2003 summarizes the relationship between raw and cooked vegetables and cancer risk and examines whether they may affect cancer risk differently. Twenty-eight studies examined the relationship between raw and cooked vegetables and risk for various cancers. Twenty-one studies assessed raw, but not cooked, vegetables and cancer risk. The majority of these assessed risk of oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal, lung, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Most showed that vegetables, raw or cooked, were inversely related to these cancers. However, more consistent results were found for oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, esophageal, and gastric cancers. Nine of the 11 studies of raw and cooked vegetables showed statistically significant inverse relationships of these cancers with raw vegetables, but only 4 with cooked vegetables. The few studies of breast, lung, and colorectal cancers also suggested an inverse relationship with both raw and cooked vegetables, but these results were less consistent. In the two studies of prostate cancer, there was no association with either raw or cooked vegetables. One of two bladder cancer studies found an inverse relationship with cooked, but not raw, vegetables. Possible mechanisms by which cooking affects the relationship between vegetables and cancer risk include changes in availability of some nutrients, destruction of digestive enzymes, and alteration of the structure and digestibility of food. Both raw and cooked vegetable consumption are inversely related to epithelial cancers, particularly those of the upper gastrointestinal tract, and possibly breast cancer; however, these relationships may be stronger for raw vegetables than cooked vegetables. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13(9):1422–35)
Cambio climático y conflictividad socioambiental en América Latina y el Caribe

This article contributes to the conceptual and policy debates on the relationship between climate change, security and conflict in Latin America and the Caribbean, a region that is experiencing a growing environmental and social vulnerability as a result of recurring extreme weather events and high levels of citizen insecurity. The study proposes a typology of conflicts generated by inequalities between those who cause the phenomenon, those who suffer the most, and those who should bear the costs in order to face its consequences.
Performance evaluation of PCBN, coated carbide and mixed ceramic inserts in finish-turning of AISI D2 steel

The present study compares the performance of three different cutting tools, viz., PCBN, mixed ceramic and coated carbide tool in finish turning of hardened D2 tool steel in terms of tool wear, surface roughness, and economic feasibility under dry cutting conditions. Results showed that tool life of PCBN inserts was better than mixed ceramic and coated carbide inserts. The flank wear of PCBN tools was observed to be lower than mixed ceramic and coated carbide inserts. The surface roughness achieved under all cutting conditions for mixed ceramic and coated-carbide inserts was comparable with that achieved with PCBN inserts and was below 1. 6μm. Experimental results showed that the wear mechanism of ceramic tool is pre-dominantly abrasive wear at lower speeds and abrasive wear followed by adhesive wear at medium and higher speeds and for PCBN tools the dominant wear mechanism is abrasive wear and cratering at lower speeds followed by adhesive wear at higher speeds. For carbide tool the dominant wear mechanism was abrasive wear and cratering at lower speeds followed by adhesion and chipping at higher speeds. Obtained results revealed that PCBN tools can outperform both ceramic and carbide tools in terms of tool life under different machinability criteria used.
Thermal radiation characteristics of SiC nanostructures

As new artificial electromagnetic materials, metamaterials have unique properties compared to natural materials, such as negative refraction, invisibility, and perfect imaging. Surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) are electromagnetic waves travelling along the surface of the polar material SiC. Spectral selectivity, high intensity, and unidirectional emission of thermal radiation into a single desired angle have been investigated, which promises important applications such as thermophotovoltaic devices, mid-infrared light sources and thermal spectroscopy. In this work, a kind of silicon carbide (SiC) structure is designed and the corresponding thermal radiation is simulated. SiC, as a polar material, exhibits a metal-like characteristic at about 10.6 to 12.6 μm, supporting a surface phonon polariton wave in this band. Due to high melting point of silicon carbide, it can be used for thermal source design to control direction and efficiency of thermal radiation.
L'Intégration des Méthodes Monte Carlo par Chaînes de Markov dans l'Apprentissage des Réseaux de Neurones

Resume : Les methodes Monte Carlo par chaines de Markov (MCMC) , s’inscrivent dans le cadre du formalisme Bayesien . On peut dire que l’application de ces methodes a l’apprentissage des reseaux de neurones peut apporter plusieurs avantages, tout d’abord, l’introduction de connaissances a priori est susceptible d’ameliorer l’estimation des parametres. De plus, le formalisme Bayesien permet une analyse complete des incertitudes et des probabilites des donnees. Dans cet article, nous presenterons brievement le principe de ces methodes, qui presentent l’avantage d’etre utilisables, et nous allons montrer leurs applications pour l’apprentissage des reseaux de neurones. Mot cles Methodes Bayesiennes, Reseaux de neurones, Methodes Monte Carlo par chaines de Markov (MCMC),
Identification of active loci of a human endogenous retrovirus in neurons of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons, of unknown etiology. Previous studies showed reverse transcriptase in serum of ALS patients at levels comparable to human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patients; however, the source and significance of the retroviral elements is uncertain.