Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
BoxCars: Improving Vehicle Fine-Grained Recognition using 3D Bounding Boxes in Traffic Surveillance

In this paper, we focus on fine-grained recognition of vehicles mainly in traffic surveillance applications. We propose an approach orthogonal to recent advancement in fine-grained recognition (automatic part discovery, bilinear pooling). Also, in contrast to other methods focused on fine-grained recognition of vehicles, we do not limit ourselves to frontal/rear viewpoint but allow the vehicles to be seen from any viewpoint. Our approach is based on 3D bounding boxes built around the vehicles. The bounding box can be automatically constructed from traffic surveillance data. For scenarios where it is not possible to use the precise construction, we propose a method for estimation of the 3D bounding box. The 3D bounding box is used to normalize the image viewpoint by “unpacking” the image into plane. We also propose to randomly alter the color of the image and add a rectangle with random noise to random position in the image during training Convolutional Neural Networks. We have collected a large fine-grained vehicle dataset BoxCars116k, with 116k images of vehicles from various viewpoints taken by numerous surveillance cameras. We performed a number of experiments which show that our proposed method significantly improves CNN classification accuracy (the accuracy is increased by up to 12 percent points and the error is reduced by up to 50 % compared to CNNs without the proposed modifications). We also show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods for fine-grained recognition. Graph@FIT, Centre of Excellence IT4Innovations, Brno University of Technology. Brno, Czech Republic Tel. : +420 54114-1414 E-mail: {isochor,herout}@fit.vutbr. cz Jakub Sochor is a Brno Ph.D. Talent Scholarship Holder — Funded by the Brno City Municipality. Fig. 1 Example of automatically obtained 3D bounding box used for fine-grained vehicle classification. Top left: vehicle with 2D bounding box annotation, top right: estimated contour, bottom left: estimated directions to vanishing points, bottom right: 3D bounding box automatically obtained from surveillance video (green) and our estimated 3D bounding box (red).
Power allocation optimization for uplink MC-CDMA systems

In this paper, we consider the joint transmitter and receiver for uplink MC-CDMA systems. The equation of the MMSE joint transmitter-receiver is expressed. We apply an optimization technique by rewriting the equation of the joint transmitter and receiver for uplink MC-CDMA systems as second-order cone programming (SOCP) which can efficiently be solved numerically by the existing polynomial convergence software packages. Numerical examples show that the joint transmitter-receiver optimization yields the lower BER compared with the MMSE receiver for both perfect channel estimation and imperfect channel estimation case
A Memory-based Robot Architecture based on Contextual Information

In this paper, we present a preliminary conceptual design for a robot long-term memory architecture based on the notion of context. Contextual information is used to organize the data flow between Working Memory (including Perceptual Memory) and Long-Term Memory components. We discuss the major influence of the notion of context within Episodic Memory on Semantic and Procedural Memory, respectively. We address how the occurrence of specific object-related events in time impacts on the semantics associated with the representation of those events and the subsequent use of those objects through robot actions. The general architecture design and its implementation are described. A preliminary validation both in simulation and in a real-world environment is discussed. Current work includes an implementation on a Baxter dualarm manipulator.
Embodied cognition through cultural interaction

In this short paper we describe a robotic setup to study the self-organization of conceptualisation and language. What distinguishes this project from others is that we envision a robot with specic cognitive capacities, but without resorting to any pre-programmed representations or conceptualisations. The key to this all is self-organization and enculturation. We report preliminary results on learning motor behaviours through imitation, and sketch how the language plays a pivoting role in constructing world representations.
Research of fall detection and alarm applications for the elderly

Along with ahead of an aging population arrival, the health of the elderly is a major concern for society. Accidental falls become an important factor affecting the health of the elderly. Designing fall detection software has a better effect on the prevention of sudden illness for the elderly caused by a fall. Therefore, fall detection technologies and detection products gradually become the focus of the study of human activities for researchers. Currently, fall detection technologies can be classified into three categories: video surveillance, audio-vibration-based identification, wearable detection device. Wearable detection device is deemed to be the main research trend currently. The rise of smart-phones, especially the iPhone built-in accelerometer and gyroscope based on the IOS platform has opened up new ideas for fall detection research. Comparing with traditional wearable detection device, detection on cell phone is more simple to use and easy to carry.
Subcortical Control of Precision Grip after Human Spinal Cord Injury

The motor cortex and the corticospinal system contribute to the control of a precision grip between the thumb and index finger. The involvement of subcortical pathways during human precision grip remains unclear. Using noninvasive cortical and cervicomedullary stimulation, we examined motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and the activity in intracortical and subcortical pathways targeting an intrinsic hand muscle when grasping a small (6 mm) cylinder between the thumb and index finger and during index finger abduction in uninjured humans and in patients with subcortical damage due to incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). We demonstrate that cortical and cervicomedullary MEP size was reduced during precision grip compared with index finger abduction in uninjured humans, but was unchanged in SCI patients. Regardless of whether cortical and cervicomedullary stimulation was used, suppression of the MEP was only evident 1–3 ms after its onset. Long-term (∼5 years) use of the GABAb receptor agonist baclofen by SCI patients reduced MEP size during precision grip to similar levels as uninjured humans. Index finger sensory function correlated with MEP size during precision grip in SCI patients. Intracortical inhibition decreased during precision grip and spinal motoneuron excitability remained unchanged in all groups. Our results demonstrate that the control of precision grip in humans involves premotoneuronal subcortical mechanisms, likely disynaptic or polysynaptic spinal pathways that are lacking after SCI and restored by long-term use of baclofen. We propose that spinal GABAb-ergic interneuronal circuits, which are sensitive to baclofen, are part of the subcortical premotoneuronal network shaping corticospinal output during human precision grip.
Should Ui Benefits Really Fall Over Time?

The issue of whether unemployment benefits should increase or decrease over the unemployment spell is analyzed in an analytically tractable model allowing moral hazard, adverse selection and hidden savings. Analytical results show that when the search productivity of unemployed is constant over the unemployment spell, benefits should typically increase or be constant. The only exception is when there is moral hazard and no hidden savings. In general, adverse selection problems calls for increasing benefits, moral hazard problems for constant benefits and decreasing search productivity for decreasing benefits.
TLE1 function and therapeutic potential in cancer

Groucho (Gro)/Transducin-like enhancer of split (TLE) family proteins act as co-repressors of many transcription factors, and are involved in key signaling pathways. TLE1 negatively regulates inflammation and has potential roles in various diseases, including cancer. Previous studies suggest TLE1 could be used as a diagnostic marker and is a possible therapeutic target in various malignancies. It is therefore important to elucidate the mechanisms underlying TLE1 function during cancer initiation and metastasis. In this review, we highlight the functions of TLE1 in cancer and explore targeted approaches for cancer diagnosis and treatment. In particular, we discuss the TLE1 function in pancreatic cancer.
Does Foreign Investment Worsen the Domestic Stock Market During a Financial Crisis? Evidence from Taiwan

Foreign portfolio investment is a major means by which emerging stock markets accumulate capital. However, the high mobility of foreign funds is a concern for local investors and policymakers in emerging countries because it may induce high stock price volatility. In this study, we utilized a riskbased approach to investigate whether the stocks most favored by foreign investors are riskier than those least favored by foreign investors. We distinguished our sample stocks into foreign most-favored and foreign least-favored groups and classified our data periods into a financial crisis period and an aftermath period. We then estimated the 1% VaRs and expected maximum losses through a GARCHâ€“ extreme value theoryâ€“copula methodology for the foreign most-favored and least-favored groups. The empirical results indicated that the foreign most-favored group had lower 1% VaRs than the foreign least-favored group during both the financial crisis and its aftermath. However, the foreign mostfavored group had higher expected maximum losses than the foreign least-favored group. Thus, although stocks favored by foreign investors may not be riskier in general, investing in these stocks could still occasion disaster in an extreme event.
Packing DNA into chromosomes.

Electron microscopy of HeLa metaphase nucleoids (i.e. whole metaphase cells exposed to 2 M salt and non-ionic detergent) spread by the Kleinschmidt technique, reveals a variety of protein-depleted structures (spreads) derived from chromosomes. Spreads vary in size and shape. At one extreme are oval structures with one or more cores surrounded by a network of supercoiled fibres. These fibres are probably arranged as loops and we estimate that 600-1000 may emerge from a single, large core region. At the other extreme are chromosome-shaped spreads with an elongated core which takes the form of a multifibred axis. At intervals groups of lateral fibres appear to emerge from each axis to produce the network. Spreads intermediate between these extremes occur in which axial fibres can be resolved in only part of the elongated core. Similar structures are observed in chromosomes deproteinized and spread after isolation by a procedure which preserves high molecular weight DNA. The appearance of chromosomes isolated by the Wray-Stubblefield hexylene glycol procedure agrees in general with previous findings of others, except that in some more extended spreads axial fibres are visible. We believe our observations are consistent with the idea that the chromonema of each metaphase chromatid contains regions of multistranded DNA. We do not propose, however, that the chromatid is functionally multineme, but rather that axial fibre folding either within or between chromomere regions contributes to packing of DNA in the metaphase chromosome. These regions of constraint re also postulated as the locations of emergence of lateral loops. In spread preparations the axial fibres are seen clearly only when chromatids have been elongated beyond the contracted metaphase length. Elongation would be produced both by relaxation of chromosomal coils (gyres) and by extension of the chromonema upon deproteinization and spreading. Whereas in deproteinized nucleoids the long axis is liable to elongate, fragment or collapse, the chromomena of Wray-Stubblefield chromosomes is locked at the metaphase (gyred) length and axial fibres are generally not visible. We propose that the assembly of the complex DNA axis of the metaphase chromosome from its extended interphase counterpart plays a major part in increasing the DNA packing ratio in the mitotic cell.
The VideoWindow system in informal communication

Imagine sitting in your work place lounge having coffee with some colleagues. Now imagine that you and your colleagues are still in the same room, but are separated by a large sheet of glass that does not interfere with your ability to carry on a clear, two-way conversation. Finally, imagine that you have split the room into two parts and moved one part 50 miles down the road, without impairing the quality of your interaction with your friends. That scenario illustrates the goal of the VideoWindow system project: to extend a shared space over considerable distance without impairing the quality of the interactions among users or requiring any special actions to establish a conversation. While the VideoWindow system -a very large screen, full duplex teleconferencing technology that we will describe later in this paper -cannot yet achieve this goal, we believe it can come closer to it than any other system yet invented.
DCU@INEX-2012: Exploring Sentence Retrieval for Tweet Contextualization

For the participation of Dublin City University (DCU) in the INEX-2012 tweet contextualization task, we investigated sentence retrieval methodologies. The task requires providing the context to an ad-hoc real-life tweet. This context is to be constructed from Wikipedia articles. Our approach involves indexing the passages in Wikipedia ar- ticles as separate retrievable units, extracting sentences from the top ranked passages, computing the sentence selection score for each such sentence with respect to the query, and then returning the top most sim- ilar ones. The simple sentence selection strategy performed quite well in the task. Our best run has ranked rst from the readability perspective and ranked eighth as ordered by informativeness out of 33 ocial runs.
Fair-Share Scheduling for Performance-Asymmetric Multicore Architecture via Scaled Virtual Runtime

As users begin to demand applications with superior user experience and high service quality, asymmetric multicore processors are increasingly adopted in embedded systems due to their architectural benefits in improved performance and power savings. While fair-share scheduling is a crucial kernel service for such applications, it is still in an early stage when it comes to performance-asymmetric multicore architecture. In this paper, we propose a new fair-share scheduler by adopting the notion of scaled CPU time which reflects performance asymmetry between different types of cores. Our scheduler can work with kernel's dynamic resource control mechanisms since it makes use of a varying performance ratio between cores and thus captures dynamic performance asymmetry such as a core's changing operating frequency. We develop our approach on top of ARM's big. LITTLE architecture which runs Linaro's scheduling framework. Since Linaro's relies on the completely fair scheduler(CFS) of the Linux kernel and CFS is virtual runtime based, we revise the notion of virtual runtime using the scaled CPU time and incorporate it into the proposed approach. As a result, our approach achieves fair-share scheduling by simply balancing tasks' virtual runtimes. To demonstrate its effectiveness, we have implemented the proposed scheduler and performed a series of experiments on ARM's Versatile Express TC2 board. We ran the SPEC CPU2006 and PARSEC benchmarks for three minutes and measured tasks' virtual runtimes. We observed that the maximum virtual runtime difference was only 0.69 seconds in our approach while the original CFS yielded the maximum difference of 8.35 seconds.
Learning from the crowd: Collaborative filtering techniques for identifying on-the-ground Twitterers during mass disruptions

Social media tools, including the microblogging platform Twitter, have been appropriated during mass disruption events by those affected as well as the digitally-convergent crowd. Though tweets sent by those local to an event could be a resource both for responders and those affected, most Twitter activity during mass disruption events is generated by the remote crowd. Tweets from the remote crowd can be seen as noise that must be filtered, but another perspective considers crowd activity as a filtering and recommendation mechanism. This paper tests the hypothesis that crowd behavior can serve as a collaborative filter for identifying people tweeting from the ground during a mass disruption event. We test two models for classifying on-the-ground Twitterers, finding that machine learning techniques using a Support Vector Machine with asymmetric soft margins can be effective in identifying those likely to be on the ground during a mass disruption event .
SL(2,C) gravity with a complex vierbein and its noncommutative extension

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A scalable crawler framework for FLOSS data

Free / Libre / Open Source Software (FLOSS) data, such as bug reports, mailing lists and related webpages, contains valuable information for reusing open source software projects. Before conducting further experiment on FLOSS data, researchers often need to download these data into a local storage system. We refer to this pre-process as FLOSS data retrieval, which in many cases can be a challenging task. In this paper, we proposed a crawler framework to ease the process of FLOSS data retrieval. To cope with various types of FLOSS data scattered on the Internet, we designed the framework in a scalable manner where a crawler program can be easily plugged into the system to extend its functionality. Researchers can perform the retrieval process on datasets of various types and sources simply by adding new configurations to the system. We have implemented the framework and provided basic functions via web-based interfaces. We presented the usage of the system by a detailed case study where we retrieved various types of datasets related to Apache Lucene project using our framework.
Circular Distribution Pattern of Plant Modulars and Endophagous Herbivory within Tree Crowns: The Impact of Roadside Light Conditions

Abstract The circular distributions of plant modulars (branches, leaves) and endophagous herbivory (mines, galls) were investigated within the crowns of four dominant Fagaceae trees in a subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest at Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve, Jiangxi, China. The hypothesis is that more plant modulars and more endophagous herbivory should occur in the crown area perpendicular to the roads. Circular statistical techniques were used to verify new patterns of the impact of roads on plants and insects. The results confirmed that the roadside light environments had larger impacts on the circular distribution patterns of plant modulars than those of leaf herbivores. For herbivores, the impact of light was larger on mine distribution than on gall distribution. The branches of all four tree species were concentrated in the direction perpendicular to the roads. In the preferred direction, branches were longer and higher. More leaves, more mines, and more galls were found surrounding the preferred branch direction. In general, leaf miners and leaf gallers preferred leaves in the sun over those in the shade; however, leaf gallers had a lower degree of preference for sun than leaf miners. Different endphagous insects also showed clear interspecific differences in sun/shade leaf selection.
MMP-Activated Fluorescence Imaging Detects Early Joint Inflammation in Collagen-Antibody-Induced Arthritis in CC-Chemokine Receptor-2-Null Mice, In-Vivo

The Standard measures of experimental arthritis fail to detect, visualize, and quantify early inflammation and disease activity. Here, we describe the use of an injectable MMP-activated fluorescence agent for in vivo quantification of acute inflammation produced by collagen-antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) in CC chemokine receptor-2 (Ccr2−/−) null mice. Although Ccr2−/− DBA1/J mice were highly susceptible to and rapidly developed CAIA, the standard clinical assessment of fore or hind paw thicknesses was unable to detect significant acute inflammatory changes (days 3–10). Remarkably, noninvasive, in situ, MMP-activatable fluorescent imaging of Ccr2−/− DBA1/J mice with CAIA displayed acute joint pathology in advance of clinically measurable acute inflammation (days 5, 7, and 10). These results were confirmed by the histology of ankle joints, which showed significant inflammation, bone loss, and synovial hyperplasia, compared to control mice at postimmunization day 5. The MMP-mediated fluorescence technique holds tremendous implications for quantifiable examination of arthritis disease activity of acute joint inflammation.