Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Disturbance Increases Health Risks to Golden Snub-Nosed Monkeys and the Transfer Risk of Pathogenic Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria from Golden Snub-Nosed Monkeys to Humans

Simple Summary The conflict between humans and wild animals is an inevitably negative product of human disturbance (HD). There is a transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among wild animals, domestic animals, humans, and their food. On the one hand, if ARGs enter from humans to wild animals, they will have unknown effects on the wild animals. On the other hand, if pathogenic bacteria carrying ARGs in wild animals are transferred to humans, this might bring new diseases to humans. In this report, golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) were used as sentinel animals to test the effect of HD on the health risk of wild animals and the transfer risk of pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (PARBs) from wild animals to humans. Our result could provide a method to evaluate the effect of HD on the health risk of wild animals and transfer risk of PARBs from wild animals to humans under the eco–environment coupling system of wild animals and humans. In the future, the conflicts between wild animals and humans should be reduced. Abstract From the perspective of interactions in the human–animal–ecosystem, the study and control of pathogenic bacteria that can cause disease in animals and humans is the core content of “One Health”. In order to test the effect of human disturbance (HD) on the health risk of pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (PARBs) to wild animals and transfer risk of the PARBs from wild animals to humans, golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) were used as sentinel animals. Metagenomic analysis was used to analyze the characteristics of PARBs in the gut microbiota of golden snub-nosed monkeys. Then, the total contribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFs) of the PARBs were used to assess the health risk of PARBs to golden snub-nosed monkeys, and the antimicrobial drug resistance and bacterial infectious disease of PARBs were determined to assess the transfer risk of PARBs from golden snub-nosed monkeys to humans. There were 18 and 5 kinds of PARBs in the gut microbiota of golden snub-nosed monkeys under HD (HD group) and wild habitat environments (W group), respectively. The total health risks of PARBs to the W group and the HD group were −28.5 × 10−3 and 125.8 × 10−3, respectively. There were 12 and 16 kinds of KEGG pathways of human diseases in the PARBs of the W group and the HD group, respectively, and the gene numbers of KEGG pathways in the HD group were higher than those in the W group. HD increased the pathogenicity of PARBs to golden snub-nosed monkeys, and the PARBs in golden snub-nosed monkeys exhibited resistance to lincosamide, aminoglycoside, and streptogramin antibiotics. If these PARBs transfer from golden snub-nosed monkeys to humans, then humans may acquire symptoms of pathogens including Tubercle bacillus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Yersinia, Pertussis, and Vibrio cholera.
Mechanical behavior and microstructure of simulated calcite fault gouge sheared at 20–600°C: Implications for natural faults in limestones

We report ring shear experiments on simulated calcite fault gouges performed at fixed temperatures (T) within the range from 20°C to 600°C. The experiments were performed wet, using pore fluid pressures (Pf) of 10 ≤ Pf ≤ 60 MPa. One series of experiments employed a constant effective normal stress ( σneff ) of 50 MPa, while in a second series, σneff was sequentially stepped from 30 to 100 MPa. In all experiments, sliding velocity (v) was stepped in the range from 0.03 to 100 µm/s. The results showed stable, velocity‐strengthening behavior at 20°C, but velocity weakening at 100°C to 550°C (for all v steps to <3 µm/s), which was frequently accompanied by stick slip. At 600°C, velocity strengthening occurred. Microstructural observations suggest increasing importance of ductile deformation with increasing temperature, as reflected by a localized shear band structure at 20°C giving way to a pervasive, shear plane‐parallel grain shape fabric at 600°C. Using existing flow equations for dense calcite polycrystals, we show that dislocation and/or diffusion creep of 10–30 µm‐sized bulk gouge grains likely played a role in experiments performed at T ≥ 400°C. We suggest that the observed velocity‐weakening behavior can be explained by a slip mechanism involving dilatant granular flow in competition with creep‐controlled compaction. Our results have important implications for the breadth of the seismogenic zone in limestone terrains and for the interpretation of natural fault rock microstructures. Specifically, while samples sheared at 400–550°C exhibited essentially brittle/frictional mechanical behavior (stick slip), the corresponding microstructures resembled that of a mylonite.
Carbonate pelagites in the post-Gondwana succession (Cretaceous – Neogene) of East Timor

In East Timor the upper parts of the Permian to Middle Jurassic Gondwana Megasequence are structurally juxtaposed against indurated carbonate pelagites of Early Cretaceous (Aptian) to early Late Miocene age. The pelagites probably represent a thin (several hundred metres thick) succession that was deposited at middle to lower bathyal water depths unconformably above the Gondwana succession after continental breakup. The widespread occurrence of pelagites, lack of turbidites at least in the post-Albian succession, association with upper parts of the Gondwana Megasequence and with Upper Jurassic shales of Australian affinity, and stratigraphic correspondence with adjacent Australian basins suggest that these sediments were deposited on a middle bathyal continental terrace similar to the present-day Exmouth Plateau. Evidence of chaotic soft-sediment mixing affecting units as young as early Late Miocene and analogy to present-day coeval successions on undeformed continental terraces suggest that the carbonate pelagites were friable chalk or ooze prior to deformation. Cementation, stylolitisation, and vein formation took place after the early Late Miocene (i.e. after 10.9 – 9.8 Ma GTS2004). Overlying the deformed succession is the Pliocene – Pleistocene Viqueque Megasequence (planktonic foraminiferal Zones N18 – N23) with a thin basal unit of friable chalk (30 m thick in the type area) that was deposited at middle to lower bathyal water depths similar to the older carbonate pelagites. The basal chalk ranges from zone N18 through N20 (Early to Middle Pliocene) and suggests a quiet tectonic interval, although the first indication of distal turbiditic deposition, presumably to the north, lies in the 4.2 – 3.35 Ma GTS2004 interval. Proximal turbidite deposition commenced at around 3.35 Ma GTS2004 with clasts sourced from an emerging Timor island to the north. The basal unit of the Viqueque Megasequence together with the older carbonate pelagite succession suggests that a middle bathyal continental terrace setting continued in this region, at least on the southern side of Timor, from the Cretaceous – Paleogene to the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene. The soft-sediment mixing, probably induced by tectonism, in the deformed pelagites, and the Bobonaro Mélange beneath the relatively undeformed type section of the Viqueque Megasequence suggest that during part of the Late Miocene (9.8 – 5.6 Ma GTS2004), tectonic mobilisation of sedimentary units took place, and mud volcanoes erupted on the seafloor. The Timor highlands were emergent from about 3.35 Ma GTS2004 (Middle Pliocene) as the deformation front moved from the north. The Timor Trough developed as a gentle downwarp from a pre-existing continental terrace that had been located in the middle bathyal zone since the late Early Cretaceous.
User Content Generation and Usage Behavior on the Mobile Internet: An Empirical Analysis

We quantify how user mobile Internet usage relates to unique characteristics of the mobile Internet. In particular, we focus on examining how the mobile-phone based content generation behavior of users relates to content usage behavior. The key objective is to analyze whether there is a positive or negative interdependence between the two activities. We use a unique panel dataset that consists of individual-level mobile Internet usage data that encompasses individual multimedia content generation and usage behavior. We combine this knowledge with data on user calling patterns, such as duration, frequency, and locations from where calls are placed to construct their social network and to compute their geographical mobility. We build an individual-level simultaneous equation panel data model that controls for the different sources of endogeneity of the social network. We find that there is a negative and statistically significant temporal interdependence between content generation and usage. This finding implies that an increase in content usage in the previous period has a negative impact on content generation in the current period and vice versa. The marginal effect of this interdependence is stronger on content usage (up to 8.7%) than on content generation (up to 4.3%). The extent of geographical mobility of users has a positive effect on their mobile Internet activities. Users more frequently engage in content usage compared to content generation when they are traveling. In addition, the variance of user mobility has a stronger impact on their mobile Internet activities than does the mean. We also find that the social network has a strong positive effect on user behavior in the mobile Internet. These analyses unpack the mechanisms that stimulate user behavior on the mobile Internet. Implications for shaping user mobile Internet usage behavior are discussed.
Evaluation of stroke patients caregivers burnout and stress coping style situatons

Aim: It is a descriptive study aimed at assessing burnoutand stress coping styles of stroke patient caregivers.Materials and Methods: The universe of this studyconstitute the 150 stroke patients who hospitalized inNeurology and Palliative Service from March to August2016 and their caregivers. The data were obtained fromquestionnaires "Patient and Caregiver Promoter Form","Functional Independence Measure (FIM)", "CaregiverStrain Index (CSI1)", "Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI) " and "Coping Styles Inventory (CSI2)" that wereapplied to patients and their caregivers. Data wereevaluated in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences21 (SPSS) package program using arithmetic mean,percentile calculation, T Test, Anova, Mann Whitney UTest, Kruskal Wallis Post Hoc, Correlation Analysismethods.Results:71.3% of caregivers are women and 57.3% arechildren of the patients. It was identified that caregivers'mean emotional exhaustion score was 29.31 8,21,depersonalization was 12.2 4.5, and personalachievement was 18.68 4.03. It has been determinedthat caregivers use the most; self-confident approach(13,933,45), helpless approach(13,464,26) andoptimistic approach (11,162,36) sub-dimensions tocope with stress. There was a negative relationshipbetween emotional exhaustion and self-confidentapproach, optimistic approach and applying for socialsupport, a positive relationship between desensitizationand helpless approach, and a negative relationshipbetween personal success and a self-confident andoptimistic approach.Conclusions: It was determined that as the levels ofemotional exhaustion of caregivers increased, the ratesof using effective coping methods with stress decreased,as the level of desensitization increased, the rates ofusing desperate approach increased and as the level ofpersonal success increased, the rates of using safe andoptimistic approach sub-dimensions significantlydecreased.
Growth, Yield, and Dietary Antioxidants of Broccoli as Affected by Fertilizer Type

Abstract The source of nutrition available to plants can affect yield quantity and quality. Incorrect use of synthetic fertilizers can cause serious damage to the soil, the ecosystem, and quality of produce. Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive winter seasons from 2003 to 2005 in an Alfisol at Umiam, Meghalaya, India to study the effect of type of fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of broccoli in comparison with synthetic fertilizer (Control). Yields with some organic materials were higher than those produced with synthetic fertilizer. Use of solid organic materials and compost teas, in some cases, enhanced yield and quality, and reduced input costs. Application of organic materials reduced soil acidity, and improved the organic matter and available nutrients of the soil. Use of organics in vegetable production appears to provide an alternative to conventional methods.
Employee Performance Reviewed By Leadership and Work Discipline at the East Cikarang District Office

This research aims to test and analyze employee performance in terms of leadership and work discipline of East Cikarang District Office employees. This research approach is quantitative with an associative type. The number of samples is the same as the population because it uses a sample determination technique, namely non-probability sampling, totalling 46 people. The method used to carry out data analysis is multiple linear regression. The results of the partial and joint analysis also show that employee performance can increase because it is influenced by the leadership and work discipline of employees at the East Cikarang District Office. The joint contribution of leadership and work discipline variables to performance is 91%, with 9% being the influence of other factors.
Identification of Puccinia striiformis races from the spring wheat crop in Xinjiang, China

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a foliar disease that affects both winter and spring wheat crops in Xinjiang, China, which is linked to Central Asia. Race identification of Pst from spring wheat in Xinjiang was not done before. In this study, a total of 216 isolates were recovered from stripe rust samples of spring wheat in the region in 2021 and multiplied using the susceptible cultivar Mingxian 169. These isolates were tested on the Chinese set of 19 wheat differential lines for identifying Pst races. A total of 46 races were identified. Races Suwon-11-1, Suwon11-12, and CYR32 had high frequencies in the spring wheat region. The frequencies of virulence factors on differentials “Fulhard” and “Early Premium” were high (>95%), whereas the virulence factor to differential “Triticum spelta var. Album” (Yr5) was not detected, while virulence to other differentials showed variable frequency within different counties. The predominant races in winter wheat in the same season were also detected from spring wheat cultivars, indicating Pst spreading from winter wheat to spring wheat crops. Deploying resistance genes in spring and winter wheat cultivars is critical for control stripe rust.
The settlement of the Americas : a new prehistory

Since 1977, archaeologist Tom Dillehay has been unearthing conclusive evidence of human habitation in the Americas at least 15,000 to 20,000 years ago, settling a bitter debate and demolishing the standard scientific account of the settlement of the Americas. The question of how people first came to the Americas is now thrown wide open: the best guess is that they arrived from a variety of places, at many different times and by many different routes. Dillehay describes who the earliest settlers are likely to have been, where they may have landed, how they dispersed across two continents, what their technology and folkways may have been like, and how they interacted with the famous Clovis culture once thought to represent the earliest settlers.
A FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS OF THE CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT PROBLEM

A three-dimensional stochastic analysis of the contaminant transport problem is developed in the spirit of Naff (1990). The new derivation is more general and simpler than previous analysis. The fast Fourier transformation is used extensively to obtain numerical estimates of the mean concentration and various spatial moments. Data from both the Borden and Cape Cod experiments are used to test the methodology. Results are comparable to results obtained by other methods, and to the experiments themselves.
Compact Self-Isolated Extremely Low ECC Folded-SIW-Based Slot MIMO Antenna for 5G Application

This letter proposes a compact, self-isolated extremely low correlated, 1×4 folded-SIW-based slot antenna configuration for a 5G multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) communication system operating at 38 GHz band. To minimize the near-field coupling between the feed lines and ensure impedance matching at the microstrip (MS) to T-type folded substrate integrated waveguide feeding (TFSIW) section, the capacitive and longitudinal currents at the input section of the TFSIW are precisely tuned by adjusting the position of lateral walls and optimizing the dimension of the central wall and septum. The compactness of this antenna is attained through the utilization of a TFSIW, which possesses a high compression ratio resulting in a total MIMO size of 9.8 × 38.64 × 0.508 mm3. The self-isolated MIMO antenna offers an impedance bandwidth of 7.17% (36.5–39.28 GHz), a maximum gain of 10 dBi, minimum isolation of 30 dB. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) remains below 3 × 10−5, whereas the diversity gain (DG) exceeds 9.99993 dB. The radiation efficiency remains over 90%, the minimum cross-pol difference (XPD) is 20 dB, maximum side lobe level (SLL) remains around −15 dB in the XZ-plane. The measured results closely match the simulated one. Furthermore, the proposed design demonstrates enhanced performance and higher compactness when compared to the recent and limited state-of-the-art works.
Timing of Late Holocene Tsunamis Originated around the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan, Deduced from Coralline Tsunami Deposits

In 1771, according to several trustworthy historical records, a huge tsunami named the Meiwa Tsunami washed the southern part of the Ryukyu Islands killing about 12, 000 people. The tsunami attributed probably to a large earthquake generated by a submarine thrust fault along the Ryukyu Trench. The southern Ryukyu Islands consisting of Miyako, Irabu, Shimoji, Tarama, Ishigaki, Iriomote and other small islands are fringed by coral reefs, and large Holocene coralline boulders possibly transported by past tsunamis, are extensively distributed on land and reef flats. Among these boulders, those composed of aragonite by 100% or nearly 100% are reliably dated by the radiocarbon method, and are good evidence for inundation, run-up heights and timing of tsunamis in the past.In order to infer the timing of past tsunamis, we dated samples carefully collected from the uppermost parts of these Holocene coralline boulders and fragments. Based on 65 dates, we restored a tsunami history in the area during the past several thousand years.Most of the coralline boulders we dated are much older than the age of the Meiwa Tsunami about 200 yr BP. Certain periodical distributions of the ages among the boulders suggest that the area had been attacked by huge tsunamis around 600, 1, 100, 2, 000 and 2, 400 yr BP during the last 3, 000 years. Thus tsunamis which brought tsunami boulders on land occurred repeatedly with intervals of several hundred to one thousand years in the study area.The tsunamis occurred around 1, 100, 2, 000 and 2, 400 yr BP were judged from the distribution of boulders of similar ages, that they were generated along the Ryukyu Trench while that of 600 yr BP along the Okinawa Trough.The tsunami about 2, 000 yr BP is most reliably restored among the past tsunamis in the area and is named the “Okinawa-Sakishima Tsunami”. This tsunami attacked an extensive area from Miyako to Ishigaki islands and transported many huge tsunami boulders such as “Tsunami Oishi” deep on land.
Complex chromite textures reveal the history of an early Archaean layered ultramafic body in West Greenland

Abstract Massive chromitite, banded chromitite and disseminated chromite grains are found in a ~3800 Ma layered ultrabasic body in West Greenland. The major part ofthe ultrabasite is dominated by dunite. In the upper exposed part, harzburgite and sheets ofgabbro-anorthosite occur. Chromite grains in dunites, and in massive and banded chromitites are homogeneous, with increasing Fe contents upwards in the intrusion. In harzburgites chromites show unusual and very complex textural relationships, with two generations of chromites one replacing the other, and both exhibiting exsolution textures. In harzburgites, an Fe-rich chromite crystallized first. This first chromite exsolved two spinel phases in a very fine-scale pattern and ilmenite lamellae in a trellis pattern. The Fe-rich chromite was later partly replaced by Al-rich chromite, which crystallized contemporaneously with formation of a late gabbro-anorthositic melt. Subsequently, the Al-rich chromite exsolved a very fine-scale magnetite-rich phase. The exsolutions in the first generation chromite were formed under magmatic conditions. Exsolution of ilmenite lamellae in Fe-rich spinel was caused by oxidation under magmatic conditions.
Grip Strength is a Predictor for Subsyndromal Delirium Among Older Adults Following Joint Replacement

Background Delirium is common in older patients during the postoperative period, increasing the number of adverse events, and grip strength is associated with delirium. Subsyndromal delirium (SSD) is a prostate of clinical delirium; nevertheless, the relationship between grip strength and SSD has not been elucidated. This study aimed to examine the association between grip strength and SSD in the elderly after arthroplasty. Methods A total of 181 patients were recruited from two Chinese hospitals. SSD and delirium were evaluated before the surgery and the first week after surgery using the confusion assessment method. The Mini-mental State Examination was used to assess patients’ cognitive function, and their grip strength was evaluated with an electronic hand dynamometer before surgery. Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis were conducted to determine the odds ratio and predictive value of grip strength for SSD. Results The incidence of SSD and postoperative delirium (POD) was 41.44% and 14.36% for the elderly following arthroplasty respectively, and approximately 1/3 of SSD progressed into POD. Older age, declined cognitive function, fall history, and lower grip strength were risk factors for SSD (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of grip strength was 0.863 and 0.900 for males and females respectively, and the cut-off point of it was determined to be 22.050 kg for men and 18.050 kg for women. Conclusion SSD and POD are common among older people. Decreased grip strength, advanced age, lower cognitive function, and fall history were independent risk factors for SSD, and grip strength was a significant predictor for SSD in aged patients after the arthroplasty.
Feature-based target classification in laser radar

Numerous feature detectors have been defined for detecting military vehicles in natural scenes. These features can be computed for a given image chip containing a known target and used to train a classifier. This classifier can then be used to assign a label to an un-labeled image chip. The performance of the classifier is dependent on the quality of the set of features used. In this paper, we first describe a set of features commonly used by the Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) community. We then analyze feature performance on a vehicle identification task in laser radar (LADAR) imagery. Our features are computed over both the range and reflectance channels. In addition, we perform feature subset selection using two different methods and compare the results. The goal of this analysis is to determine which subset of features to choose in order to optimize performance in LADAR Autonomous Target Acquisition (ATA).