Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unscented Kalman filtering for ultra-tightly coupled GPS/INS integration

Ultra-tight integration is increasingly becoming important due to its numerous advantages in terms of the robustness in the high dynamics and the immunity to the jamming and interference. Because of these advantages, the next generation of integrated GPS/INS navigation systems can be based on the ultra-tightly coupled configuration. This paper proposed a unscented Kalman filter design approach for the ultra-tight GPS/INS integration. Based on this structure, INS error models are discussed. Through analyzing the relationship between GPS (I&Q) measurements and INS (position and velocity) states, a I/Q estimate method is proposed. Finally, the design method of UKF for the ultra-tight integration system is proposed. Different experimental scenarios are design to evaluate the performance of the UKF based ultra-tight system. The experimental results indicated that the performance of the UKF based ultra-tight integration system is improved.
Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of osteonecrosis of the jaw: integrated analysis from three blinded active-controlled phase III trials in cancer patients with bone metastases.

BACKGROUND Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) has been reported in patients receiving bisphosphonates for metastatic bone disease. ONJ incidence, risk factors, and outcomes were evaluated in a combined analysis of three phase III trials in patients with metastatic bone disease receiving antiresorptive therapies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with bone metastases secondary to solid tumors or myeloma were randomly assigned to receive either s.c. denosumab (120 mg) or i.v. zoledronic acid (4 mg) every 4 weeks. On-study oral examinations were conducted by investigators at baseline and every 6 months. Oral adverse events were adjudicated by an independent blinded committee of dental experts. RESULTS Of 5723 patients enrolled, 89 (1.6%) patients were determined to have ONJ: 37 (1.3%) received zoledronic acid and 52 (1.8%) received denosumab (P = 0.13). Tooth extraction was reported for 61.8% of patients with ONJ. ONJ treatment was conservative in >95% of patients. As of October 2010, ONJ resolved in 36.0% of patients (29.7% for zoledronic acid and 40.4% for denosumab). CONCLUSIONS In this combined analysis of three prospective trials, ONJ was infrequent, management was mostly conservative, and healing occurred in over one-third of the patients. Educating physicians about oral health before and during bone-targeted therapy may help reduce ONJ incidence and improve outcomes.
Surveillance and Intervention of Infrastructure-Free Mobile Communications: A New Wireless Security Paradigm

Conventional wireless security assumes wireless communications are legitimate, and aims to protect them against malicious eavesdropping and jamming attacks. However, emerging infrastructure- free mobile communication networks can be illegally used (e.g., by criminals or terrorists) but are difficult to monitor, thus imposing new challenges in public security. To tackle this issue, this article presents a paradigm shift of wireless security to the surveillance and intervention of infrastructure-free suspicious and malicious wireless communications, by exploiting legitimate eavesdropping and jamming jointly. In particular, proactive eavesdropping (via jamming) is proposed to intercept and decode information from suspicious communication links for the purpose of inferring their intentions and deciding further measures against them. Cognitive jamming (via eavesdropping) is also proposed to disrupt, disable, and even spoof the targeted malicious wireless communications to achieve various intervention tasks.
Parsing the Regulatory Network between Small RNAs and Target Genes in Ethylene Pathway in Tomato

Small RNAs are a class of short non-coding endogenous RNAs that play essential roles in many biological processes. Recent studies have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are also involved in ethylene signaling in plants. LeERF1 is one of the ethylene response factors (ERFs) in tomato that locates in the downstream of ethylene signal transduction pathway. To elucidate the intricate regulatory roles of small RNAs in ethylene signaling pathway in tomato, the deep sequencing and bioinformatics methods were combined to decipher the small RNAs landscape in wild and sense-/antisense-LeERF1 transgenic tomato fruits. Except for the known miRNAs, 36 putative novel miRNAs, 6 trans-acting short interfering RNAs (ta-siRNAs), and 958 natural antisense small interfering RNAs (nat-siRNAs) were also found in our results, which enriched the tomato small RNAs repository. Among these small RNAs, 9 miRNAs, and 12 nat-siRNAs were differentially expressed between the wild and transgenic tomato fruits significantly. A large amount of target genes of the small RNAs were identified and some of them were involved in ethylene pathway, including AP2 TFs, auxin response factors, F-box proteins, ERF TFs, APETALA2-like protein, and MADS-box TFs. Degradome sequencing further confirmed the targets of miRNAs and six novel targets were also discovered. Furthermore, a regulatory model which reveals the regulation relationships between the small RNAs and their targets involved in ethylene signaling was set up. This work provides basic information for further investigation of the function of small RNAs in ethylene pathway and fruit ripening.
Planning as Satisfiability: Boolean vs non-Boolean encodings

Recently, the performance of planners has been increased significantly. Many of the new methods responsible for the speed-up have used SAT-compilation techniques. These methods convert the planning problem specification into a Boolean CNF formula, which is then solved by a range of fast SAT solvers. However, some of the properties of the planning problems can be more concisely expressed using a non-Boolean encoding. This project explores the idea of automatically converting planning problems into non-Boolean CNF formulae, which are then solved by one of two non-Boolean SAT solvers, developed in previous projects. Experimental evidence is presented to show that this approach has significant performance increases over the original Boolean method, for some types of planning problems.
Suppression of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Function in the Hypoxic Human Placenta: A Role for miRNA-210 and Protein Synthesis Inhibition

Fetal growth is critically dependent on energy metabolism in the placenta, which drives active exchange of nutrients. Placental oxygen levels are therefore vital, and chronic hypoxia during pregnancy impairs fetal growth. Here we tested the hypothesis that placental hypoxia alters mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETS) function, and sought to identify underlying mechanisms. We cultured human placental cells under different oxygen concentrations. Mitochondrial respiration was measured, alongside levels of ETS complexes. Additionally, we studied placentas from sea-level and high-altitude pregnancies. After 4 d at 1% O2 (1.01 KPa), complex I-supported respiration was 57% and 37% lower, in trophoblast-like JEG3 cells and fibroblasts, respectively, compared with controls cultured at 21% O2 (21.24 KPa); complex IV-supported respiration was 22% and 30% lower. Correspondingly, complex I levels were 45% lower in placentas from high-altitude pregnancies than those from sea-level pregnancies. Expression of HIF-responsive microRNA-210 was increased in hypoxic fibroblasts and high-altitude placentas, whilst expression of its targets, iron-sulfur cluster scaffold (ISCU) and cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein (COX10), decreased. Moreover, protein synthesis inhibition, a feature of the high-altitude placenta, also suppressed ETS complex protein levels. Our results demonstrate that mitochondrial function is altered in hypoxic human placentas, with specific suppression of complexes I and IV compromising energy metabolism and potentially contributing to impaired fetal growth.
Novel combined instrumentation for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for the in situ atomic and molecular analysis of minerals

Abstract An instrument combining laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman spectroscopy was developed for the in situ atomic and molecular composition analysis of minerals. The apparatus consists of an optical system, a sample chamber, a spectrometer for Raman and another for LIBS, as well as a control system equipped with laboratory-written software. Gypsum, calcite, prehnite, pearl, lazurite, and several mixtures of NaBr and CaCO3 were selected as samples for evaluation of the performance of the instrument. Sulfate, carbonate, silicate, and crystalline water were identified and different structures of CaCO3 were clearly distinguished by the use of a Gaussian fit. The limit of detection for CaCO3 in a NaBr mixture was 5.7 mg/g by Raman. LIBS was employed to determine calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, aluminum, and carbon with the newly developed system. The limits of detection obtained for Ca, Na, and C were 90.2 μg/g, 84.6 μg/g, and 2.5 mg/g, respectively. The experimental results from commercial Raman spectroscopy instruments were used to verify and support the measurements from this novel instrument.
New data models and languages—the challenge

New data models and languages have been the focus of attention in database research in the last decade. The object-oriented paradigm is a convenient vehicle for describing this research, its accomplishments, and for considering which directions are now interesting. This paper presents some concepts of object-oriented databases, and then considers recent interesting developments concerning query languages, object identities, views and meta-data.
Elementary formal systems, intrinsic complexity, and procrastination

Abstract Recently, rich subclasses of elementary formal systems (EFS) have been shown to be identifiable in the limit from only positive data. Examples of these classes are Angluin's pattern languages, unions of pattern languages by Wright and Shinohara, and classes of languages definable by length-bounded elementary formal systems studied by Shinohara. The present paper employs two distinct bodies of abstract studies in the inductive inference literature to analyze the learnability of these concrete classes. The first approach uses constructive ordinals to bound the number of mind changes. ωdenotes the first limit ordinal. An ordinal mind change bound ofωmeans that identification can be carried out by a learner that after examining some element(s) of the language announces an upper bound on the number of mind changes it will make before converging; a bound ofω·2 means that the learner reserves the right to revise this upper bound once; a bound ofω·3 means the learner reserves the right to revise this upper bound twice, and so on. A bound ofω2means that identification can be carried out by a learner that announces an upper bound on the number of times it may revise its conjectured upper bound on the number of mind changes. It is shown in the present paper that the ordinal mind change complexity for identification of languages formed by unions of up to n pattern languages isωn. It is also shown that this bound is essential. Similar results are also shown to hold for classes definable by length-bounded elementary formal systems with up to n clauses. The second approach employs reductions to study the intrinsic complexity of learnable classes. It is shown that the class of languages formed by taking unions of up ton+1 pattern languages is a strictly more difficult learning problem than the class of languages formed by the union of up tonpattern languages. It is also shown that a similar hierarchy holds for the bound on the number of clauses in the case of languages definable by length-bounded EFS. In addition to building bridges between three distinct areas of inductive inference, viz., learnability of EFS subclasses, ordinal mind change complexity, and intrinsic complexity, this paper also presents results that relate topological properties of learnable classes to that of intrinsic complexity and ordinal mind change complexity. For example, it is shown that a class that is complete according to the reductions for intrinsic complexity has infinite elasticity. Since EFS languages and their learnability results have counterparts in traditional logic programming, the present paper demonstrates the possibility of using abstract results of inductive inference to gain insights into inductive logic programming.
Safety and immunogenicity trial in adult volunteers of a human papillomavirus 16 L1 virus-like particle vaccine.

BACKGROUND Studies in animal models have shown that systemic immunization with a papillomavirus virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine composed of L1, a major structural viral protein, can confer protection against subsequent experimental challenge with the homologous virus. Here we report results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV16) L1 VLP vaccine in healthy adults. METHODS Volunteers were given intramuscular injections with placebo or with 10- or 50-microg doses of HPV16 L1 VLP vaccine given without adjuvant or with alum or MF59 as adjuvants at 0, 1, and 4 months. All vaccine recipients were monitored for clinical signs and symptoms for 7 days after each inoculation. Immune responses were measured by an HPV16 L1 VLP-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by an HPV16 pseudovirion neutralization assay. The antibody titers were given as the reciprocals of the highest dilution showing positive reactivity in each assay. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The prevaccination geometric mean ELISA titer for six seropositive individuals was 202 (range, 40--640). All vaccine formulations were well tolerated, and all subjects receiving vaccine seroconverted. Serum antibody responses at 1 month after the third injection were dose dependent in recipients of vaccine without adjuvant or with MF59 but were similar at both doses when alum was the adjuvant. With the higher dose, the geometric means of serum ELISA antibody titers (95% confidence intervals) to purified VLP 1 month after the third injection were as follows: 10,240 (1499 to 69 938) without adjuvant, 10,240 (1114 to 94 145) with MF59, and 2190 (838 to 5723) with alum. Responses of subjects within each group were similar. Neutralizing and ELISA antibody titers were highly correlated (Spearman correlation =.85), confirming that ELISA titers are valid proxies for neutralizing antibodies. CONCLUSIONS The HPV16 L1 VLP vaccine is well tolerated and is highly immunogenic even without adjuvant, with the majority of the recipients achieving serum antibody titers that were approximately 40-fold higher than what is observed in natural infection.
A Model of the Critical Success Factors for the Neom Project in the Context of a Project Management Information System

Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 entails huge investments into developing mega-projects. The Neom Project is totally different from any other urban project in the world. Right now, it is under construction. Neom is the first independent special area spread over three countries: Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Jordan. This paper proposes a model of the critical success factors (CSFs) for the Neom Project in the context of a project management information system (PMIS). The researcher used case study analysis as the research methodology to develop the model. A total of four CSFs were identified from the four case studies.
Contract-based cloud architecture

Cloud Computing as a service on demand architecture has become a topic of interest in the last few years. The outsourcing of duties and infrastructure to external parties enables new services to be established quickly and with low financial risk. These services also can be scaled on demand. Nevertheless, several issues such as security and legality should be considered before entering the cloud. The financial benefits of cloud services conflict with the need to secure and control the access to outsourced information. Companies have to comply with diverse laws across jurisdictions and are accountable to various national regulators. Security requirements may not be compatible with those offered by existing providers. In this paper, we propose an architecture to facilitate the integration of these security requirements in the cloud environment and to address the legal issues attached. Our approach customizes the selection of a service provider based on the companies preference. We also define a trusted third party to handle the monitoring and auditing processes over different service providers.
The (Re-)Discovery of G350.1–0.3: A Young, Luminous Supernova Remnant and Its Neutron Star

We present an XMM-Newton observation of the long-overlooked radio source G350.1–0.3. The X-ray spectrum of G350.1–0.3 can be fit by a shocked plasma with two components: a high-temperature (1.5 keV) region with a low ionization timescale and enhanced abundances, plus a cooler (0.36 keV) component in ionization equilibrium and with solar abundances. The X-ray spectrum and the presence of nonthermal, polarized, radio emission together demonstrate that G350.1–0.3 is a young, luminous supernova remnant (SNR), for which archival H I and12CO data indicate a distance of 4.5 kpc. The diameter of the source then implies an age of only ≈900 years. The SNR’s distorted appearance and small size and the presence of12CO emission along the SNR’s eastern edge all indicate that the source is interacting with a complicated distribution of dense ambient material. An unresolved X-ray source, XMMU J172054.5–372652, is detected a few arcminutes west of the brightest SNR emission. The thermal X-ray spectrum and lack of any multiwavelength counterpart suggest that this source is a neutron star associated with G350.1–0.3, most likely a “central compact object,” as seen coincident with other young SNRs such as Cassiopeia A.
Teacher Education and the Teaching of Subitizing in Early Childhood Centers in Lusaka Urban, Zambia

The aim of the study was to at examine the extent to which early childhood teacher education Mathematics programmes prepare early childhood teachers for teaching subitizing to young children in Early Childhood Educations centers in Lusaka urban in Zambia. Using both qualitative and quantitative approach a description study was conducted. Semi-structured Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), Focus Group Discussion (FGD) meetings, questionnaires and documents and records analysis were designed and used to collect data. The findings from the study revealed that the Zambia National Curriculum Framework and the National Numeracy Framework in Zambia do not state the topic or term subitizing. These national documents start with topic number and notation. Under this topic counting is covered first. All text books and reference materials used at teacher educational level and ECE teachers in ECE centers do not mention the term subitizing. The understanding of the concept of subitizing was found to be poor, insufficient in coverage and inadequate in content. The Key Informant Interviews revealed that both lecturers and ECE teachers thought subitizing and counting were one and the same thing. The questionnaires, focus group discussion meeting and document analysis revealed that the topic was not planned for and had no time allocation. In order for all colleges of education to improve the performance of ECE students in teaching subitizing in ECE centers, it is recommended that the content of the mathematics curriculum, all text books, reference materials and the National Numeracy Framework should include and start with the concept of subitizing.
Question Waves : an algorithm that combines answer relevance with speediness in social search

This paper describes Question Waves, an algorithm that can be applied to social search protocols, such as Asknext or Sixearch. In this model, the queries are propagated through the social network, with propagation being faster through more trustable acquaintances. Question Waves uses local information to make decisions and obtain an answer ranking. With Question Waves, the answers that arrive first are likely to be the most relevant, and we computed the correlation of answer relevance with the order of arrival to demonstrate this result. We obtained correlations equivalent to heuristics that use global knowledge, such as profile similarity among users or the expertise value of an agent. Because Question Waves is compatible with the social search protocol Asknext, it is possible to stop a search when enough relevant answers are found; additionally, it is possible to stop the search with a small risk of not obtaining the best answers available. Furthermore, Question Waves does not require a re-ranking algorithm because the results come sorted.
Kinetics of GLUT4 Trafficking in Rat and Human Skeletal Muscle

OBJECTIVE In skeletal muscle, insulin stimulates glucose transport activity three- to fourfold, and a large part of this stimulation is associated with a net translocation of GLUT4 from an intracellular compartment to the cell surface. We examined the extent to which insulin or the AMP-activated protein kinase activator AICAR can lead to a stimulation of the exocytosis limb of the GLUT4 translocation pathway and thereby account for the net increase in glucose transport activity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using a biotinylated photoaffinity label, we tagged endogenous GLUT4 and studied the kinetics of exocytosis of the tagged protein in rat and human skeletal muscle in response to insulin or AICAR. Isolated epitrochlearis muscles were obtained from male Wistar rats. Vastus lateralis skeletal muscle strips were prepared from open muscle biopsies obtained from six healthy men (age 39 ± 11 years and BMI 25.8 ± 0.8 kg/m2). RESULTS In rat epitrochlearis muscle, insulin exposure leads to a sixfold stimulation of the GLUT4 exocytosis rate (with basal and insulin-stimulated rate constants of 0.010 and 0.067 min−1, respectively). In human vastus lateralis muscle, insulin stimulates GLUT4 translocation by a similar sixfold increase in the exocytosis rate constant (with basal and insulin-stimulated rate constants of 0.011 and 0.075 min−1, respectively). In contrast, AICAR treatment does not markedly increase exocytosis in either rat or human muscle. CONCLUSIONS Insulin stimulation of the GLUT4 exocytosis rate constant is sufficient to account for most of the observed increase in glucose transport activity in rat and human muscle.
Association between LAP Index (Lipid Accumulation Product) and metabolic profile in hospitalized patients.

INTRODUCTION Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) Index correlates to cardiovascular risk factors in general population but it has not been tested in hospitalized patients. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate associations between LAP Index and metabolic profile in a tertiary hospital. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 90 inpatients. Lipid profile, fasting glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements were obtained from electronic medical records. Weight, height and waist circumferences (WC) were assessed; Body Mass Index (BMI) and LAP Index were calculated. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or percentage. Pearson's correlation and Multiple Linear Regression were used to assess the objectives. RESULTS Mean age of participants was 55.03 ± 14.86 years and 47.8% (n = 43) were men. After adjustment for sex, age and physic activity LAP Index (log-transformed) was significantly associated with HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.001), fasting glucose (p = 0.02), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.03) and a trend toward total cholesterol (p = 0.07). CONCLUSION There are independent association between LAP Index (log-transformed) and metabolic profile in hospitalized patients.