Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Trie Braiding in Scalable Virtual Routers

Many popular algorithms for fast packet forwarding and filtering rely on the tree data structure. Examples are the trie-based IP lookup and packet classification algorithms. With the recent interest in network virtualization, the ability to run multiple virtual router instances on a common physical router platform is essential. An important scaling issue is the number of virtual router instances that can run on the platform. One limiting factor is the amount of high-speed memory and caches available for storing the packet forwarding and filtering data structures. An ideal goal is to achieve good scaling while maintaining total isolation among the virtual routers. However, total isolation requires maintaining separate data structures in high-speed memory for each virtual router. In this paper, we study the case where some sharing of the forwarding and filtering data structures is permissible and develop algorithms for combining tries used for IP lookup and packet classification. Specifically, we develop a mechanism called trie braiding that allows us to combine tries from the data structures of different virtual routers into just one compact trie. Two optimal braiding algorithms and a faster heuristic algorithm are presented, and the effectiveness is demonstrated using the real-world data sets.
DECISION SUPPORT MODEL FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF BANK REPUTATIONAL RISK

This paper presents a decision support model aimed at the assessment of reputational risks associated with bank operation. The innovative aspect of the model is that it combines different types and sources of information: structured and unstructured, quantitative and qualitative, internal and external. Unstructured, qualitative and external aspects are represented by sentiment of news and blogs about bank counterpart organisations. The model is multi-attribute and hierarchical, and is composed of three modules: basic data processing, qualitative evaluation, aggregation; these are presented in detail. The paper also presents a prototype implementation of the model and illustrates its application on real-life data.
Does My Face FIT?: A Face Image Task Reveals Structure and Distortions of Facial Feature Representation

Despite extensive research on face perception, few studies have investigated individuals’ knowledge about the physical features of their own face. In this study, 50 participants indicated the location of key features of their own face, relative to an anchor point corresponding to the tip of the nose, and the results were compared to the true location of the same individual’s features from a standardised photograph. Horizontal and vertical errors were analysed separately. An overall bias to underestimate vertical distances revealed a distorted face representation, with reduced face height. Factor analyses were used to identify separable subconfigurations of facial features with correlated localisation errors. Independent representations of upper and lower facial features emerged from the data pattern. The major source of variation across individuals was in representation of face shape, with a spectrum from tall/thin to short/wide representation. Visual identification of one’s own face is excellent, and facial features are routinely used for establishing personal identity. However, our results show that spatial knowledge of one’s own face is remarkably poor, suggesting that face representation may not contribute strongly to self-awareness.
What do contacts tell about an object?

Among all senses the sense of touch is the only one without which humans are not able to manipulate objects. Similarly, tactile sense is invaluable for robotic manipulation in uncertain environments. It is however not thoroughly understood to what extent properties of the robot environment can be inferred from the tactile sense. This paper presents a novel approach that allows to study how much information a robot can optimally learn from a single tactile exploration attempt. Our method makes use of a simulator as an internal memory for the robot. The evaluation is based on assessing how much information error minimization between predicted and actual sensor readings can provide about the environment. This paper focuses on evaluating geometric parameters in a transportation task. Experiments performed with a set of objects with various shapes indicate that a single exploration action is not guaranteed to provide much information for all uncertain factors if the attempt is not originally planned for information gain in mind. Moreover, the information gain for different attributes varies significantly depending on the object geometry.
Ant Robotics: Covering Continuous Domains by Multi-A(ge)nt Systems

In this work we present an algorithm for covering continuous connected domains by ant-like robots with very limited capabilities. The robots can mark visited places with pheromone marks and sense the level of the pheromone in their local neighborhood. In case of multiple robots these pheromone marks can be sensed by all robots and provide the only way of (indirect) communication between the robots. The robots are assumed to be memoryless, and to have no global information such as the domain map, their own position (either absolute or relative), total marked area percentage, maximal pheromone level, etc. Despite the robots' simplicity, we show that they are able, by running a very simple rule of behavior, to ensure efficient covering of arbitrary connected domains, including non-planar and multidimensional ones. The novelty of our algorithm lies in the fact that, unlike previously proposed methods, our algorithm works on continuous domains without relying on some "induced" underlying graph, that effectively reduces the problem to a discrete case of graph covering. The algorithm guarantees complete coverage of any connected domain. We also prove that the algorithm is noise immune, i.e., it is able to cope with any initial pheromone profile (noise). In addition the algorithm provides a bounded constant time between two successive visits of the robot, and thus, is suitable for patrolling or surveillance applications.
A SVM-based method for the estimation of fingerprint and palmprint orientation

A SVM-based method is proposed in this paper, which is the first time that SVM is applied to the estimation of fingerprint and palmprint orientation, to the best of our knowledge. The orientation estimation problem can be regarded as a multi-classification problem by dividing the range [0 180] into 8 segments uniformly, which allows the introduction of classification methods and does not reduce the performance. In addition to the direct presentation of the estimated orientation, the rates of accuracy and recall of the minutiae are considered as statistical evaluation indexes of the performance to compare our method with the gradient-based method. Detailed analytical and experimental results are given to verify the feasibility and efficiency of our method.
Glasses detection in face images using histogram of Oriented Gradients

Glasses detection is one of attractive tasks in image processing since it increases the performance of face recognition systems. In this study, we aimed to detect the glasses on face images automatically. In order to do this, we trained a classifier with Labelled Faces in the Wild Home (LFW) dataset to decide whether a person wear glasses or not on face images. Before classification process, image patches are extracted from aligned face images and a preprocessing was performed on them. After preprocessing step, feature vectors are formed with Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) method from image patches. Due to high dimensionality of the feature vectors, dimensionality reduction was done using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The dimension-reduced feature vectors were splitted into training set and test set. With training set images, Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifier was trained and the model parameters were defined. The classifier performance was evaluated with test set images and nearly 93% accuracy rate was achieved.
Incremental Parsing with Adjoining Operation

This paper describes an incremental parser based on an adjoining operation. By using the operation, we can avoid the problem of infinite local ambiguity. This paper further proposes a restricted version of the adjoining operation, which preserves lexical dependencies of partial parse trees. Our experimental results showed that the restriction enhances the accuracy of the incremental parsing.
Multimodal Propositions ? From Semiotic to Semantic Considerations in the Case of Gestural Deictics 1 Introduction : Gestural Deixis

We call utterances that comprise elements that are perceived by different sense modalities and are coded according to a non-linguistic code multimodal utterances (cf. (Fricke, 2012)). An example for non-linguistically coded signs are indexicals like pointing gestures, which, according to Peirce, bear some nomological, causal or attentional relation to their objects (CP 1.372, 2.248, 2.285 1) In situated dialogue, interlocutor’s frequently use multimodal utterances like definite descriptions plus pointing gestures in an exophoric way. Accordingly, such deictic acts are a starting point for looking for multimodal propositions: Whereas the linguistic expressions are treated as arbitrary symbols that are interpreted intensionally with respect to a world or a circumstance according to some standard model theory, the nonlinguistic element, if it indeed follows a nonlinguistic code, must, by definition, interpreted in a different way. At least three distinctions have been made at first, however (Levinson, 2008):
On Secrecy Metrics for Physical Layer Security Over Quasi-Static Fading Channels

Theoretical studies on physical layer security often adopt the secrecy outage probability as the performance metric for wireless communications over quasi-static fading channels. The secrecy outage probability has two limitations from a practical point of view: 1) it does not give any insight into the eavesdropper's decodability of confidential messages and 2) it cannot characterize the amount of information leakage to the eavesdropper when an outage occurs. Motivated by the limitations of the secrecy outage probability, we propose three new secrecy metrics for secure transmissions over quasi-static fading channels. The first metric establishes a link between the concept of secrecy outage and the decodability of messages at the eavesdropper. The second metric provides an error-probability-based secrecy metric which is typically used for the practical implementation of secure wireless systems. The third metric characterizes how much or how fast the confidential information is leaked to the eavesdropper. We show that the proposed secrecy metrics collectively give a more comprehensive understanding of physical layer security over fading channels and enable one to appropriately design secure communication systems with different views on how secrecy is measured.
THE INTRUSION OF EARLY IMPUCIT MEMORY INTO ADULT CONSCIOUSNESS

Through thefirst Jew years ojlife the central and peripheral nervous systems grow in an exuberant, non-linearprogression through a series ojstructures, organizations, and reorganizations. Evolving senso-'y, memory, and appraisal systems result in transitory modes ojpro-cessingwhich are incorporated, superseded, and/orinhibited &y later developing systems. Because ojthese complexities, little is understood about the phenomenology ojearly experience and its impact on adult functioning. The present paper hypothesizes about some aspects oj early experience and mernory and their possible intrusion into adult awareness, using, as an example, reported alien abduction experiences. These experiences are explained as the reinstatement ojpri-mordial memories ojearly caretaking which are misperceived as occurring in the present and interpreted &y later developing, socially influenced cortical mechanisms ojlanguage and mernory.
Grand Unification in Higher Dimensions with Split Supersymmetry

We investigate gauge coupling unification in higher dimensional GUT models with split supersymmetry. We focus on 5d and 6d orbifold GUTs, which permit a simple solution to several problems of 4D GUTs as well as control over GUT scale threshold corrections. In orbifold GUTs, calculable threshold corrections can raise or lower the prediction for $\alpha_s(M_Z)$ in a way that depends on the location of Higgs fields. On the other hand, split supersymmetry lowers the prediction for $\alpha_s(M_Z)$. Consequently, split supersymmetry changes the preferred location of the Higgs fields in orbifold GUTs. In the simplest models, we find that gauge coupling unification favors higgs doublets that live on the orbifold fixed points instead of in the bulk. In addition, relatively high scales of supersymmetry breaking of $10^{10\pm 2}$ GeV are generically favored.
An optical associative parallel processor for high-speed database processing. Theoretical concepts and experimental results

We have devised a novel architecture, called the Optical Content-Addressable Parallel Processor for Relational database Processing (OCAPPRP), that exploits the advantages of optics for performing word-parallel and bit-parallel equivalence and relative magnitude searches of database tables in constant time. Moreover, our experimental optoelectronic implementation of the associative processing portion of this architecture has achieved encouraging preliminary results. As the present system evolves, it will substantially exceed current database processing speeds. The proposed architecture has the potential to process approximately 10/sup 10/ tuples per second. Nevertheless, with available optical switching devices such as spatial light modulators (SLMs), the proposed system clearly cannot compete with its electronic counterparts because the switching time of current optical device technology is slow. However, many improvements are being made in optical and optoelectronic device technologies. With advances in SLM technology, we can expect the proposed optical system to become a viable and cost-effective alternative for parallel and high-speed database processing. <<ETX>>
DIACHRONEX: Corpus-based exercises for English diachronic linguistics

1 Setting the scene Over the past ten to fifteen years, interest in diachronic linguistics and (mechanisms of) language change has been mounting. This can be seen, for instance, from the growing appeal (and attendance) of conferences on historical linguistics , or from the recent launching of two new diachronic journals, the Journal of Historical Linguistics and Language Dynamics and Change (adding to the existing ones Diachronica and Folia Linguistica Historica). It is no surprise, then, that studies on the history of English, probably the most widely studied and best documented language, have abounded as well. What may have contributed to this renewed interest in (English) diachronic linguistics is the increasing popularity of grammaticalization as a topic of research (possibly because grammati-calization offers a comprehensive perspective on language change allowing linguists to capture phonological, morphosyntactic, semantic, and pragmatic changes under one rubric; cf. Hopper and Traugott 2003). What has undoubtedly given a boost to (English) diachronic linguistics is the wide availability of electronic data, in the form of (tagged and/or parsed) corpora, covering the different historical periods of the English language. These corpora have not only benefited historical research in that they allow targeted searches yielding (sufficiently) large data sets for historical analysis, but they have also promoted a new perspective on language change, namely that language change is gradual and occurs in the context of actual language use (i.e., is usage-based). Indeed, careful diachronic corpus research allows (gradual) changes to be reliably read off from detailed synchronic 'snapshots' of actual language use made at particular intervals in time.
A PORTABLE SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION OF A HYBRID MANET ROUTING PROTOCOL

This paper describes a portable software-implementation of a hybrid-routing protocol that uses a flexible mix of proactive and reactive routing techniques within Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) such as Military tactical networks. After a review of the benefits/applications of proactive, reactive (on-demand) and hybrid routing, the architectural details and protocol operation of SRC’s MobileRoute software are presented. Experimental results for that software’s processor utilization on a 650 Mhz Pentium III processor are given. The MobileRoute software was originally developed on Red Hat Linux. This paper outlines the procedures that were used to port that routing software to Windows CE and the QualNet network-simulation tool.
Human sweat gland myoepithelial cells express a unique set of cytokeratins and reveal the potential for alternative epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation states in culture.

We have characterized precisely the cytokeratin expression pattern of sweat gland myoepithelial cells and have identified conditions for propagating this cell type and modulating its differentiation in culture. Rare, unstratified epithelioid colonies were identified in cultures initiated from several specimens of full-thickness human skin. These cells divided rapidly in medium containing serum, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and hydrocortisone, and maintained a closely packed, epithelioid morphology when co-cultured with 3T3 feeder cells. Immunocytochemical and immunoblot analysis disclosed that the cells differed from keratinocytes in that they were E-cadherin-negative, vimentin-positive, and expressed an unusual set of cytokeratins, K5, K7, K14, and K17. When subcultured without feeder cells, they converted reversibly to a spindle morphology and ceased K5 and K14 expression. Under these conditions, EGF deprivation induced flattening, growth arrest, and expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin ((&agr;)-sma). Coexpression of keratins and alpha-sma is a hallmark of myoepithelial cells, a constituent of secretory glands. Immunostaining of skin sections revealed that only sweat gland myoepithelial cells expressed the same pattern of keratins and alpha-sma and lack of E-cadherin as the cell type we had cultured. Interestingly, our immunocytochemical analysis of ndk, a skin-derived cell line of uncertain identity, suggests that this line is of myoepithelial origin. Earlier immunohistochemical studies by others had found myoepithelial cells to be K7-negative. We tested five K7-specific antibodies that can recognize this protein in western blots and in the assembled keratin filaments of mesothelial cells. Three of these antibodies did not recognize the K7 present in myoepithelial cell filaments or in HeLa cell filaments, indicating that some K7 epitopes are masked when K7 pairs with K17 instead of with its usual keratin filament partner, K19.
Entrepreneurial Psychological Capital: A Different Way of Understanding Entrepreneurial Capacity

The development of a model of entrepreneurial psychological capital will provide both an advance in the theoretical understanding of entrepreneurship, and has practical implications for policy makers and those who design entrepreneurship education. Derived from the positive psychological capital model, first developed by Luthans et al. (2007), in the organisational context, this new model of entrepreneurial psychological capital will also draw on the existing entrepreneurship psychology literature. Entrepreneurial psychological capital is defined as the psychological resources which entrepreneurs need to be successful. Unlike the predominant trait and cognitive models, it will focus on those state-like characteristics which are open to development, such as domain specific efficacy and resilience. This developmental paper considers the existing literature, where entrepreneurial psychological might fit within it and how it might be developed.
Security , Risk Perception and Cost-Benefit Analysis

The International Transport Forum is an inter‐governmental body within the OECD family. The Forum is a global platform for transport policy makers and stakeholders. Its objective is to serve political leaders and a larger public in developing a better understanding of the role of transport in economic growth and the role of transport policy in addressing the social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. The Forum organises a Conference for Ministers and leading figures from civil society each May in Leipzig, Germany. The Centre conducts co‐operative research programmes addressing all modes of transport to support policy making in Member countries and contribute to the Ministerial sessions of the International Transport Forum. The JTRC Discussion Paper Series makes economic research commissioned or carried out at the Joint Transport Research Centre available to researchers and practitioners. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of the transport sector and to provide inputs to transport policy design. The Discussion Papers are not edited by the JTRC and they reflect the author's opinions alone. The objective of the Round Table was to take stock of expertise on the assessment of risk and insecurity in transport and to consider how this expertise can be used to support project and policy appraisal. The discussions were chaired by Andrew Evans (Imperial College London, UK)
Control of Omni-Directional Mobile Robot Motion

This paper presents the motion programming and control of omni-directional mobile robot through the process of building and programming a small robotic platform with secondary design criteria of modularity and simplified control. This is accomplished by combining the positive aspects of several different robotics platform ideas. The platform is shaped like an equilateral triangle with a servo motor, sensors, and omni-wheel, controlled by a PIC microcontroller. In this work the kinematics, inverse kinematics and dynamic module for the platform is derived. Two search algorithms (the wall-following search and the “most-open-area” search) is designed, tested, and analyzed experimentally.
Experimental study on carrier transport mechanism in ultrathin-body SOI MOSFETs

The electrical characteristics of ultrathin-body SOI CMOSFETs are intensively investigated. It is demonstrated that electron mobility increases as SOI thickness decreases, when SOI thickness, T/sub SOI/, is in the range from 3.5 nm to 4.5 nm. On the other hand, hole mobility decreases monotonically as T/sub SOI/ decreases. In addition, it is demonstrated that, when SOI thickness is thinner than 4 nm, slight (even atomic-level) SOI thickness fluctuations have a significant impact on threshold voltage, gate-channel capacitance, and carrier mobility of ultrathin-body CMOSFETs.
Immunology as a Metaphor for Adaptive and Distributed Information Processing

How can one effectively exploit the adaptive and distributed information processing characteristics of the immune system for the purposes of computation and engineering problem domains? The field focused on this problem is artificial immune systems, and this work provides a novel hierarchical framework as to how such work, may proceed from at least three similar, although distinct directions. Keywords-Research Project, Computational Intelligence, Artificial Immune Systems, Hierarchical Framework, Distributed, Information Processing, Adaptive Models, Distributed, Decentralised, Autonomous