Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Techniques for Updating Virtual Knowledge Graphs

The field of Virtual Knowledge Graphs (VKGs) continues to grow in both academic and applied contexts. Yet, the issue of updates in VKG systems has not yet received adequate attention, although it is crucial to manage data modifications at the data source level through the lens of an ontology. In this paper, we focus on VKGs whose ontology is specified in the lightweight ontology language DL-Lite 𝐴 , and we propose diverse settings and research directions we intend to explore to address the challenge of translating ontology-based updates into updates at the level of data sources. We also pay attention to the important problem of automated analysis of mappings, which plays a major role when it comes to reformulating ontology-based update requests into update requests over the data sources.
Semantic Querying of Integrated Raster and Relational Data: A Virtual Knowledge Graph Approach

Ontology-based data access (OBDA) facilitates access to heterogeneous data sources through the mediation of an ontology (e.g. OWL), which captures the domain of interest and is connected to data sources through a declarative mapping. In our study, large, heterogeneous earth observational (EO) data, known as raster data , and geometrical data, known as vector data , are considered as (heterogeneous) data sources. Raster data represent, e.g., Earth’s natural phenomena, such as surface temperature, elevation, or air pollution, as multidimensional arrays. In contrast, vector data depict, e.g., locations, networks, or regions on Earth, using geometries. Domain experts, such as earth scientists and GIS practitioners, still struggle to undertake advanced studies by querying large raster and vector data in an integrated way because, unlike relational data, they come in diverse formats and different data structures. In our approach to integration, we use a geospatial extension of an RDBMS to represent vector data as relational data, and a domain-agnostic array DBMS to handle raster data. Our aim is to extend the OBDA paradigm to effectively deal with relational, vector, and raster data in a combined way, while leveraging the built-in capabilities of data management tools relevant to each type of data. We also plan to develop techniques to calculate on the fly for each user query posed over the ontology an optimal query plan that exploits, at best, the query processing capabilities of each tool, while limiting costly data transfer operations between tools.
Determination of Coagulation Parameters by Whole Blood Dynamic Viscoelastic Coagulometry in Strigiformes

Abstract: No reference values are available in Strigiformes to evaluate blood coagulation using dynamic viscoelastic coagulometry (DVC) with the Sonoclot (Sienco, Boulder, CO, USA) analyzer. The objectives of this study were 1) to assess the feasibility of DVC in Strigiformes, 2) to calculate the index of individuality of each coagulation parameter, and 3) to assess interspecies variability and establish reference intervals, if relevant, based on the index of individuality. Fresh whole blood samples were obtained from healthy Strigiformes, including 13 barred owls (Strix varia), 10 great horned owls (Bubo virginianus), 6 snowy owls (Bubo scandiacus), and 7 eastern screech owls (Megascops asio), and analyzed with DVC with glass bead (gb) and kaolin clay (k) coagulation activators. Activated clotting time (ACT), clot rate (CR), and platelet function were determined immediately after collection using fresh native whole blood. Intraindividual variability was assessed with a second fresh native whole blood sample from 5 barred owls. Interindividual variability was assessed using a Kruskall-Wallis test. For the parameters gbACT (n = 35), gbCR (n = 34), and kACT (n = 27), no significant differences were detected between species (all P ≥ 0.05). Based on low index of individuality, global Strigiformes reference intervals were determined for gbACT (32.3–852.5 seconds; n = 35), gbCR (0–20.1 units/min; n = 29), and kACT (0–1570.3 seconds; n = 27). In conclusion, DVC can be used in Strigiformes and the gb coagulation activator would be more appropriate when basal individual values are not available in a tested individual.
Prioritizing ecological connectivity among protected areas in Colombia using a functional approach for birds

Ecological connectivity among protected areas (PAs) is essential to improve biodiversity conservation and management effectiveness in the long term under global change. Developing strategic plans and identifying spatial priorities are practical actions for establishing and strengthening interconnected networks of PAs. In Colombia, this planning is fundamental to conserve its extraordinary bird diversity in the face of multiple threats, including climate change and deforestation. We develop a connectivity model focused on multiple bird species to identify critical sites to preserve the ecological connections among PAs in Colombia. Based on land cover data and expert knowledge, we created movement resistance surfaces and modeled Least-Cost Corridors among terrestrial PAs for 26 forest-dependent species. We also used circuit and least-cost models to locate conservation priorities and restoration opportunities, estimating the potential gain in connectivity with the Equivalent Connected Area (ECA) index. We found 581,531 km2 belonging to corridors among PAs for all focal species. Priority sites for movement within corridors covered 212,551 km2 and were predominantly located across Andean and Amazonian forests. Restoration opportunities covered 79,203 km2 and were concentrated in agricultural lands of the Andes and Caribbean regions. Restoring these areas could increase the national forest cover by 7% and connectivity by 14%. Our results provide a national-level assessment of functional connectivity priorities to maintain and improve the interconnections among PAs. This assessment could guide efforts related to conservation, restoration, and implementation of management tools that facilitate the movement of native species across transformed lands. These actions are crucial to meet the targets outlined in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework to achieve well-connected systems of PAs during this decade and until 2050.
A Generalization of the Shortest Path Problem to Graphs with Multiple Edge-Cost Estimates (Student Abstract)

The shortest path problem in graphs is a cornerstone of AI theory and applications. Existing algorithms generally ignore edge weight computation time. In this paper we present a generalized framework for weighted directed graphs, where edge weight can be computed (estimated) multiple times, at increasing accuracy and run-time expense. This raises a generalized shortest path problem that optimizes different aspects of path cost and its uncertainty. We describe in high-level a complete anytime algorithm for the generalized problem and discuss possible future extensions.
Measurement of the Higgs boson mass in the H -> ZZ* -> 4l and H -> gamma gamma channels with root s=13 TeV pp collisions using the ATLAS detector

The mass of the Higgs boson is measured in the H → Z Z ∗ → 4 (cid:2) and in the H → γγ decay channels with 36.1 fb − 1 of proton–proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016. The measured value in the H → Z Z ∗ → 4 (cid:2) channel is m ZZ ∗ H = 124 . 79 ± 0 . 37 GeV, while the measured value in the H → γγ channel is m γγ H = 124 . 93 ± 0 . 40 GeV. Combining these results with the ATLAS measurement based on 7 and 8 TeV proton–proton collision data yields a Higgs boson mass of m H = 124 . 97 ± 0 . 24 GeV. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Coupling of coastal activity with tidal cycles is stronger in tool-using capuchins (Cebus capucinus imitator)

Terrestrial mammals exploiting coastal resources must cope with the challenge that resource availability and accessibility fluctuate with tidal cycles. Tool use can improve foraging efficiency and provide access to structurally protected resources that are otherwise unavailable (e.g. molluscs and fruits). To understand how variable accessibility of valuable resources shapes behavioural patterns, and whether tool use aids in the efficient exploitation of intertidal resources, we compared the relationship between tidal cycles and activity patterns of tool-using versus non-tool-using groups of white-faced capuchin monkeys on Jicarón Island in Coiba National Park, Panama. Although tool use on Jicarón is localized to a small stretch of coast (approx. 1 km), all coastal groups forage on intertidal resources. Using more than 5 years of camera trap data at varying distances from the coast, we found that capuchins on Jicarón showed increased coastal activity during specific parts of the tidal cycle, and that this relationship differed between tool-using and non-tool-using groups, as well as between seasons. Activity patterns of tool-using capuchins were more strongly and consistently tied to tidal cycles compared with non-tool-users, indicating that tool use might allow for more efficient exploitation of tidal resources. Our findings highlight the potential of tool use to aid niche expansion.
Analyzing the glial proteome in Alzheimer’s disease

ABSTRACT Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, memory loss, and changes in behavior. Accumulating evidence indicates that dysfunction of glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, may contribute to the development and progression of AD. Large-scale analysis of glial proteins sheds light on their roles in cellular processes and diseases. In AD, glial proteomics has been utilized to understand glia-based pathophysiology and identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Area covered In this review, we provide an updated overview of proteomic analysis of glia in the context of AD. Additionally, we discuss current challenges in the field, involving glial complexity and heterogeneity, and describe some cutting-edge proteomic technologies to address them. Expert opinion Unbiased comprehensive analysis of glial proteomes aids our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of AD pathogenesis. These investigations highlight the crucial role of glial cells and provide novel insights into the mechanisms of AD pathology. A deeper understanding of the AD-related glial proteome could offer a repertoire of potential biomarkers and therapeutics. Further technical advancement of glial proteomics will enable us to identify proteins within individual cells and specific cell types, thus significantly enhancing our comprehension of AD pathogenesis.
Green and eco‐friendly biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Calendula officinalis flower extract: Wound healing potential and antioxidant activity

Abstract This study aimed to produce zinc oxide nanoparticles with Calendula officinalis flower extract (Co‐ZnO NPs) using the green synthesis method. In addition, the antioxidant and wound healing potential of synthesized ZnO NPs were evaluated. The absorbance band at 355 nm, which is typical for ZnO NPs, was determined from the UV–Vis absorbance spectrum. The energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) measurements revealed a high zinc content of 42.90%. The x‐ray diffractometer data showed Co‐ZnO NPs with an average crystallite size of 17.66 nm. The Co‐ZnO NPs did not have apparent cytotoxicity up to 10 μg/mL (IC50 25.96 μg/mL). C. officinalis ZnO NPs showed partial cell migration and percent wound closure (69.1%) compared with control (64.8%). In addition, antioxidant activities of Co‐ZnO NPs with 2,2'‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2 diphenyl‐1 picrylhydrazil (DPPH) were evaluated and radical scavenging activity of 33.49% and 46.63%, respectively, was determined. These results suggest that C. officinalis extract is an effective reducing agent for the green synthesis of ZnO NPs with significant antioxidant and wound healing potential.
Brain MRI and neuropsychological findings at long-term follow-up after COVID-19 hospitalisation: an observational cohort study

Objectives To report findings on brain MRI and neurocognitive function, as well as persisting fatigue at long-term follow-up after COVID-19 hospitalisation in patients identified as high risk for affection of the central nervous system. Design Ambidirectional observational cohort study. Setting All 734 patients from a regional population in Sweden with a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis admitted to hospital during the period 1 March to 31 May 2020. Participants A subgroup (n=185) with persisting symptoms still interfering with daily life at a telephone follow-up 4 months after discharge were invited for a medical and neuropsychological evaluation. Thirty-five of those who were assessed with a neurocognitive test battery at the clinical visit, and presented a clinical picture concerning for COVID-19-related brain pathology, were further investigated by brain MRI. Main outcome measures Findings on brain MRI, neurocognitive test results and reported fatigue. Results Twenty-five patients (71%) had abnormalities on MRI; multiple white matter lesions were the most common finding. Sixteen patients (46%) demonstrated impaired neurocognitive function, of which 10 (29%) had severe impairment. Twenty-six patients (74%) reported clinically significant fatigue. Patients with abnormalities on MRI had a lower Visuospatial Index (p=0.031) compared with the group with normal MRI findings. Conclusions In this group of patients selected to undergo MRI after a clinical evaluation, a majority of patients had abnormal MRI and/or neurocognitive test results. Abnormal findings were not restricted to patients with severe disease.
Two disparity channels in human visual cortex with different contrast and blur sensitivity

Purpose Our goal is to describe the contrast and blur sensitivity of multiple horizontal disparity sub-systems and to relate them to the contrast and spatial sensitivities of their monocular inputs. Methods Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) amplitudes were recorded in response to Dynamic Random Dot Stereograms (DRDS) alternating at 2 Hz between zero disparity and varying magnitudes of crossed disparity for disparity plane and disparity grating stimuli. Half-image contrasts ranged between 2.5 and 80% and over a range of Gaussian blurs from 1.4 to 12 arcmin. Separate experiments measured contrast and blur sensitivity for the monocular half-images. Results The first and second harmonics disparity responses were maximal for disparity gratings and for the disparity plane condition, respectively. The first harmonic of the disparity grating response was more affected by both contrast and blur than was the second harmonic of the disparity plane response which had higher contrast sensitivity than the first harmonic. Conclusion The corrugation frequency, contrast and blur tuning of the first harmonic suggest that it reflects activity of neurons tuned to higher luminance spatial frequencies that are selective for relative disparity, whereas the second harmonic reflects the activity of neurons sensitive to absolute disparity that are driven by low monocular spatial spatial frequencies. Translational Relevance SSVEPs to DRDS provide two objective neural measures of disparity processing, the first harmonic – whose stimulus preferences are similar to those of behavioral stereoacuity – and the second harmonic that represents an independent disparity-specific, but not necessarily stereoscopic mechanism.
GEOMETRIC PROBES FOR CONSTITUENCY STRUCTURE IN BERT EMBEDDINGS

A BSTRACT . Since their introduction, transformer models such as BERT have revolutionized natural language processing with their ability to generate contextual word embeddings. It has been hypothesized that structural information about language is encoded in the geometry of these contextual embeddings. Recently, efforts have been made to embed BERT’s embedding space into Riemannian manifolds such that syntactically related words are mapped to nearby points in the manifold. However, the ability of transformers like BERT to perform syntactically complex operations suggests a much deeper knowledge of syntax than a simple notion of when two words are syntactically related. In this thesis, I assess the extent to which more speciﬁc and complex structural relations can be reliably recovered from BERT embeddings using geometric methods. Speciﬁcally, I investigate the extent to which (1) speciﬁc directions in Riemannian manifolds correspond with particular types of syntactic dependencies and (2) constituent subtrees are embedded in a consistent manner
China: Its Environment and History

Chapter 1: Introduction: Problems and Perspectives Chapter 2: China's Natural Environment and Early Human Settlement to 1000 BCE Chapter 3: States, Wars, and Farms: Environmental Change in Ancient and Early Imperial China, 1000 BCE-300 CE Chapter 4: Deforesting the North and Colonizing the South in the Middle Imperial Period, 300-1300 CE Chapter 5: Empire and Environment: China's Borderlands, Islands, and Inner Peripheries in Late Imperial China, 1300-1800 CE Chapter 6: Environmental Degradation in Modern China, 1800-1949 Chapter 7: Controlling Nature in the People's Republic of China, 1949-Present Chapter 8: Conclusion: China and Its Environment in World Historical Perspective
Sedimentary bodies and depositional models for the Miocene oil-producing areas Ladislavci, Beničanci and Obod (Croatia)

Coarse-grained clastic sedimentary rocks, i.e. the collectors found in Miocene formation of the Ladislavci, Benicanci and Obod oil fields are sedimentary and genetically related to Miocene paleogeomorphology, synsedimentary tectonics and general transgression tendency during Miocene, particularly during the Badenian. The main types of the collector rocks and sedimentary bodies are as follows: 1. Clinoform bodies of carbonate rockfall and debrite breccias originated by accmulation of carbonate detritus along the slope and cliffs made of tectonized Mesozoic carbonate massifs on land, shore and partlly under sea level ; 2. Nearshore conglomerates originated by redeposition of carbonate rockfalls and debrites in nearshore marine shoals ; 3. Channel and fan bodies made of breccia-conglomerates and sandstones wich originated in submarine fans and/or deltas(? ), and 4. Tectonic breccias, genetared by chrushing and tectonization of already lithified Micene turbidite sedimetary rocks, were accumulated in deeper environemts beloe the storm wave base simultaneously with kerogene pelitic (marlitic ) rocks (hydrocarbon souce rocks - oilshale).
Using Blockchain to Improve Security of the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things has increased in popularity in recent years, with daily life now being surrounded by “smart devices. ” This network of smart devices, such as thermostats, refrigerators, and even stationary bikes affords us convenience, but at a cost. Security measures are typically inferior on these devices; considering that they collect our data around the clock, this is a big reason for concern. Recent research shows that blockchain technology may be one way to address these security concerns. This paper discusses the Internet of Things and the current issues with how security is handled, discusses how blockchain can shore up some of these shortcomings, and goes in depth into examples of how blockchain has been implemented to improve the security of the Internet of Things.
Population dynamics of Nyssomyia whitmani (Diptera: Psychodidae) in domestic and peridomestic environments in Northeast Argentina, a tegumentary leishmaniasis outbreak area

In the present study, the temporal dynamics of the main vector of Leishmania braziliensis, Nyssomyia whitmani, was measured by monthly captures of phlebotominae sandflies during 5 consecutive years (from 2011 to 2016) in the Paranaense region of South America.The captures were performed in environments where the human–vector contact risk is high: domiciliary and peridomiciliary environments in a rural area endemic of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Nyssomyia whitmani was recorded as the dominant species of the phlebotominae ensemble in all domiciliary and peridomiciliary environments (House, Chicken Shed, Pigsty, and Forest Edge). Using generalized additive models, intra- and interannual fluctuations were observed, modulated by meteorological variables such as the minimum temperature and the accumulated precipitation 1 wk prior to capture. The installation of a pigsty by the farmer during the study period allowed us to observe and describe the so-called “pigsty effect” where the Ny. whitmani population was spatially redistributed, turning the pigsty as the environment that obtained the highest phlebotominae record counts, thus maintaining the farm overall abundance, supporting the idea that the environmental management of the peridomicile could have an impact on the reduction of epidemiological risk by altering the spatial distribution of the phlebotominae ensemble in the environments.
High-precision levelling, DInSAR and geological effects in the 2012 Emilia 1 epicentral area 2

: In May 2012, two moderate earthquakes (Mw = 6.1 and 5.9), associated with a noticeable aftershock sequence affected the eastern sector of the Po Plain, northern Italy. As far as the coseismic areal uplift events are crucial for better understanding the seismotectonics of the broader area and therefore for better assessing the seismic hazard of the region, in the present research, we analyze and compare the results of high precision levelling, DInSAR technique, the distribution of the liquefaction occurrences, the geomorphological map of the area and the structural model of the region. The DInSar technique points out a remarkable upflit of the ground (up to 17 cm), which was confirmed by high precision leveling. The results from both techniques are substantially in good agreement, even if some considerable discrepancies occur, probably due to a well documented and diffuse liquefaction phenomena.
Calibration of the near-surface seismic structure in the SCEC community velocity model version 4

M w 5.1 La Habra earthquake in the Los Angeles area using the CVM-S4.26. M01 model signiﬁcantly underpredict low-frequency ( < 1 Hz) ground motions at sites where the material properties in the top 350 m are signiﬁcantly modiﬁed by the generic overlay (‘taper’). On the other hand, extending the V S30 -based taper of the shallow velocities down to a depth of about 1000 m improves the ﬁt between our synthetics and seismic data at those sites, without compromising the ﬁt at well-constrained sites. We explore various tapering depths, demonstrating increasing ampliﬁcation as the tapering depth increases, and the model with 1000 m tapering depth yields overall favourable results. Effects of varying anelastic attenuation are small compared to effects of velocity tapering and do not signiﬁcantly bias the estimated tapering depth. Although a uniform tapering depth is adopted in the models, we observe some spatial variabilities that may further improve our method.