Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Arguments within regional geography

categories are used to interrogate historical geographical situations and through this interrogation, gain empirical substance. This substance becomes the basis for more concrete and specific analytical categories that take on forms and meanings consistent with the questions and regional setting under consideration. The implied methodology involves continual movements among general and specific levels of analysis or ’determinations’, around a set of core formalizations such as the labour process, class structure and cultural practice. Related tasks are distinguishing among relations of necessity and contingency that define and explain the object of study. Methodological underpinnings of reconstructed regional geography are typically revealed in a theoretical exegesis introducing the interpretive account. For example, Gregory (1981) and Pred (1986) both spell out theoretical vocabularies in first chapters, and then permit theory to speak through subsequent empirical accounts. Gregory has explained the rationale for separating conceptual and empirical discussions: ’ I have not continually stopped the narrative and separated out systems and structures, because this would have stopped the narrative and cut into the continuities of structuration. Instead, I have used all these propositions to inform my account and what I have tried to
On incorporating diffusion and viscosity concepts into compartmental models for analysing faecal marker excretion patterns in ruminants

Deterministic mathematical equations are derived to describe the pattern of marker excretion in the faeces of ruminants under steady-state conditions when diffusion and viscosity concepts are introduced into a simple two-compartment scheme of the gastrointestinal tract. The basic scheme comprises a pure-mixing pool obeying first-order kinetics and a second compartment exhibiting streamline flow. Introduction of a velocity gradient, longitudinal diffusion or both into the second compartment, even with various simplifying assumptions, yields analytically insoluble equations. The impact of these mechanisms is to be investigated numerically rather than analytically in future work.
Evaluation of Field Triage Decision Scheme Educational Resources

In an effort to encourage appropriate field triage procedures, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in collaboration with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the American College of Surgeons–Committee on Trauma, convened the National Expert Panel on Field Triage to update the Field Triage Decision Scheme: The National Trauma Triage Protocol (Decision Scheme). In support of the Decision Scheme, CDC developed educational resources for emergency medical service (EMS) professionals, one of CDC’s first efforts to develop and broadly disseminate educational information for the EMS community. CDC wanted to systematically collect information from the EMS community on what worked and what did not with respect to these educational materials and which materials were of most use. An evaluation was conducted to obtain feedback from EMS professionals about the Decision Scheme and use of Decision Scheme educational materials. The evaluation included a survey and a series of focus groups. Findings indicate that a segment of the Decision Scheme’s intended audience is using the materials and learning from them, and they have had a positive influence on their triage practices. However, many of the individuals who participated in this research are not using the Decision Scheme and indicated that the materials have not affected their triage practices. Findings presented in this article can be used to inform development and distribution of additional Decision Scheme educational resources to ensure they reach a greater proportion of EMS professionals and to inform other education and dissemination efforts with the EMS community.
Neural network with wavelet preprocessing for wheat growth stage estimation

The main purpose of this study is to demonstrate performance of Wavelet Preprocessed Neural Network (WPNN) for the estimation of winter wheat phenological stage estimation. Agrometeorological indices in correlation with the phenological stages are used as the input vector of an artificial neural network based estimator. Acquired data have been decomposed into wavelet sub-time series, using the Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) with Haar mother wavelets. This procedure has been applied on different types of data and for different scales of decomposition. Decomposed sub-time series data are selected as the inputs of Neural Network (NN) for estimation performance. Phenological development, from seeding to maturity, is related to the accumulation of the temperature units above the base temperature which is commencement of changes in growth. Weekly GDD, VPD, ET0, PTU, Tmin and Precipitation data were preprocessed using DWT and selected as the input to the NN to estimate winter wheat growth stages. Likewise, data segmented with respect to the phenological stage are used for validating the network. Two models were compared and the results have been provided with the error metrics through comparing the real and the estimated values.
Regulation of the phosphate regulon in Escherichia coli K-12: regulation of the negative regulatory gene phoU and identification of the gene product

The phoU gene is one of the negative regulatory genes of the pho regulon of Escherichia coli. The DNA fragment carrying phoU has been cloned on pBR322 (Amemura et al., J. Bacteriol. 152:692-701, 1982). Further subcloning, Tn1000 insertion inactivation, and complementation tests localized the phoU gene within a 1.1-kilobase region on the cloned DNA fragment. The gene product of phoU was identified by the maxicell method as a protein with an approximate molecular weight of 27,000. A hybrid plasmid that contains a phoU'-lac'Z fused gene was constructed in vitro. This plasmid enabled us to study phoU gene expression by measuring the beta-galactosidase level in the cells. The plasmid was introduced into various regulatory mutants related to the pho regulon, and phoU gene expression in these strains was studied under limited and excess phosphate conditions. It was found that phoU is expressed at a higher level when the cells are cultured under the excess phosphate condition. The higher phoU expression was observed in a phoB mutant and a phoR-phoM double mutant. The implications of these findings for the regulation of pho genes are discussed.
Kognition und Grammatik: Ein kognitionswissenschaftlicher Ansatz zur Grammatikvermittlung am Beispiel der Grammatikanimationen

Obwohl die Spracherwerbsforschung bereits Eingang in die Sprachlehraus- und weiterbildung gefunden hat, werden ihre vielfaltigen Erkenn tnisse in der Lehrpraxis, den Lehrwerken und Lernergrammatiken in der Regel vollig auser Acht gelassen. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt daher auf, wie sich kognitionslinguistische Ansatze auf den Spracherwerb und auf die Sprachvermittlung anwenden lassen und wie sich das Manko fehlender Synergien zwischen beiden Disziplinen verringern lasst. Der Beitrag hat drei Teile: Im ersten Teil werden die theoretischen Grundlagen einer kognitionslinguistisch basierten Sprachvermittlung skizziert. Im zweiten Teil werden aktuelle Forschungsarbeiten aus dem Bereich der angewandten kognitiven Linguistik diskutiert. Der dritte Teil prasentiert einen innovativen, konzeptuell - inhaltlichen Ansatz, der die Anwendung kognitionslinguistischer Prinzipien auf einige Bereiche der deut schen Grammatik wie das Passiv, die Wechselprapositionen oder die Modalverben exem p- larisch aufzeigt. Daruber hinaus werden kognitive Aspekte des multimedialen Lernens sowie Aspekte des interkult u- rellen Lernens berucksichtigt.
Predictability of software-reliability models

A two-component predictability measure that characterizes the long-term predictive capability of a model is presented. One component, average error, measures how well a model predicts throughout the testing phase. The other component, average bias, measures the general tendency to overestimate or underestimate the number of faults. Data sets for both large and small projects from diverse sources with various initial fault density ranges have been analyzed. The results show that: (i) the logarithmic model seems to predict well in most data sets, (ii) the inverse polynomial model can be used as the next alternative, and (iii) the delayed S-shaped model, which in some data sets fit well generally performed poorly. The statistical analysis shows that these models have appreciably different predictive capabilities. >
A representação do migrante clandestino no cinema contemporâneo: Efeitos e cenas de fronteira

O presente artigo estuda um corpus de filmes que representam diversos percursos de migrantes clandestinos. A analise foca particularmente o lugar do clandestino na fronteira, entendida como lugar e metafora. Apos uma leitura critica da nocao de fronteira, descrevem-se as figuras recorrentes desta cinematografia: o clandestino que experimenta a fronteira, o homem ocidental em crise que se regenera no contacto com o Outro, a instância de rececao que ve questionada a sua postura perante o sofrimento do/a migrante.
Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) concordance in heterosexual couples.

BACKGROUND Few studies have assessed genital human papillomavirus (HPV) concordance and factors associated with concordance among asymptomatic heterosexual couples. METHODS Genotyping for HPV was conducted with male and female sex partners aged 18-70 years from Tampa, Florida. Eligibility included no history of HPV-associated disease. Type-specific positive concordance (partners with ≥ 1 genotype in common) and negative concordance (neither partner had HPV) were assessed for 88 couples. Factors associated with concordance were assessed with Fisher exact tests and tests for trend. RESULTS Couples reported engaging in sexual intercourse for a median of 1.7 years (range, 0.1-49 years), and 75% reported being in the same monogamous relationship for the past 6 months. Almost 1 in 4 couples had type-specific positive concordance, and 35% had negative concordance for all types tested, for a total concordance of 59%. Concordance was not associated with monogamy. Type-specific positive concordance was associated with an increasing difference in partners' lifetime number of sex partners and inversely associated with an increasing difference in age. Negative concordance was inversely associated with both the couple's sum of lifetime number of sex partners and the difference in the partners' lifetime number of sex partners. CONCLUSIONS Genital HPV concordance was common. Viral infectiousness and number of sex partners may help explain concordance among heterosexual partners.
Employee commitment: the motivational role of senior management theory of action

The aim of this study is to explore the association between senior management theory-of-action and employee commitment. Field research uses quantitative and qualitative method and concentrates on one medium sized UK based organisation for data collection and experimentation. However, the study examines two further organisations to assist validity and specificity of findings. The written work is in six parts. Following an introductory chapter, chapter two contains a literature survey covering organisational purpose and senior management theory-of-action. Chapter three examines literature as to employee commitment, and personal and organisational values. The fourth chapter describes method. Field work in chapter five provides results arising from quantitative and qualitative research. The concluding chapter considers the extent to which findings should be generalised, and offers conclusions and reflection. The study points to the following conclusions: Field research supports the notion that compared with more conventional motivation factors, senior management employee related action is strongly associated with employee commitment. This finding was found to be especially prominent at lower hierarchical levels within the organisation. The adoption of what is termed conventional 'Model-One' theory-of-action adversely affects employee commitment. It is suggested that senior management theory-of-action can inhibit or facilitate the maintenance and growth of employee commitment. The work provides credence as to the importance and strength of association between senior management theory-of-action and employee commitment, and offers a method by which the association can be tested.
The Family in Medical Decision Making: Japanese Perspectives

There has been a recent flurry of discussion about the role of the family in medical decision making. 1 The purpose of this article is to extend this discussion by examining how culture can influence notions about the morally correct role of the family in medical decision making. Specifically, I offer a Japanese perspective as one example of how cultural differences have relevance for assessing the ethically desired role of the family in medical decision making. I will show that in Japan there exists a model of family autonomy in which the family is deemed the legitimate locus of decision-making authority for both competent and incompetent patients. I offer a framework for guiding U.S. clinicians who are treating Japanese patients or patients from other collectivist cultures for whom respect for the autonomy of patients may not be a predominant paradigm. Clinicians who feel pressure to operate in accordance with a framework of “family autonomy,” which conflicts with the customary paradigm of respect for patients’ autonomy should find this discussion helpful. This work reflects my own long-standing interest in Japanese language and culture, which began in 1978 as a high school student and continued through undergraduate and graduate medical studies. My clinical practice routinely includes care for Japanese expatriates (about 70 percent of my patients), and I have conducted collaborative research with many Japanese health professionals
Dual-Speed TAM Optimization of 3D SoCs for Mid-bond and Post-bond Testing

The rapid growth in CMOS technology enables the technology of three-dimensional (3D) SoCs to be a promising approach for extending Moore's Law. Although the benefits supplied by 3D integration, managing test architecture design and reducing test cost are crucial challenges. Some powerful automatic test equipments (ATEs) that support different speed rate channels come into people's vision. In this paper, we propose a dual-speed TAM architecture optimization for 3D SoCs with hard dies, including a novel algorithm to minimize test time for both mid-bond and post-bond testing according to this new TAM architecture. Experimental results on ITC'02 SoC benchmark circuits show that our proposed scheme reduces total test time by around 35% on average compared with one baseline solution.
Trajectory Optimization of Constrained UAV Problem Based on Gauss Pseudospectral Method and Multiple Shooting

Trajectory optimization of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is one of the frontiers and hotspots of UAV researches. It is usually modeled with various constraints generated by physical limitations, safety requirements and obstacles in the environment. These simultaneous constraints improve the difficulties to solve the trajectory optimization problem. An effective method based on Gauss pseudospectral method and multiple shooting is thereby proposed, where the control vector, the initial state on the segments, and the terminal time are parameterized and treated as independent variables, the state at collocation points are param-eterized as dependent variables in the nonlinear programming problem (NLP). One advantage of this parameterization strategy is that the constraints can be handled directly. To accelerate the optimization process and improve the efficiency, the sensitivities of state at the collocation points with respect to independent variables are derived. The proposed optimization structure and detailed algorithm are given. The simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of proposed method on constraints processing and obstacles avoidance.
Advancements in Fake News Detection: Integrating NLP and Multi-Modal Approaches

This comprehensive investigation uses powerful NLP and multi-modal integration to detect fake information on social media. Our technique was tested using 10,000 news pieces from various social media networks. Advanced NLP models are crucial, with the state-of-the-art transformer model, BERT, collecting subtle contextual information with 94.2% accuracy. SVM and BERT had the greatest classification accuracy at 95.6% when combined with ensemble approaches. Multi-modal information sources including picture captions and user metadata improved classification performance, with the textual-image model achieving the greatest accuracy at 96.8%. The research was ethical, incorporating fairness analysis and transparency measures, to ensure detection trustworthiness and fairness. These findings show that sophisticated NLP models and multi-modal integration can improve fake news detection, enabling the creation of strong, real-world apps to combat disinformation and protect digital discourse.
A graphical tool for observing state and behavioral changes at join points

To comprehend programs or to fix a bug, programmers always mentally simulate the program execution by reading the source code. Aspect-oriented programming (AOP) increases this mental effort, because it can alter the state and the behavior of the base program at a join point to any extent by executing advices. Advices are implicitly invoked in the source code and their compositions at a join point may vary according to the runtime context. They can access and even change the context values of join points. Without appropriate tools, it is difficult to notice the effects of the implicitly executed advices. The goal of my work is to increase the comprehensibility of AO programs by using a graphical tool, that can succinctly visualize the state and behavioral changes at join points.
Life-history traits as causes or consequences of social behaviour: why do cooperative breeders lay small clutches?

Cooperatively breeding birds tend to exhibit high adult survival and relatively small clutch sizes. According to the life-history hypothesis for cooperative breeding, high survival creates conditions for philopatry based on difficulties that dispersers face when competing for territories in a landscape with slow territory turnover. However, this hypothesis evokes a puzzle because high fecundity should also lead to problems in territory acquisition because of the large number of competitors for each vacancy. We suggest two reasons for the observed association between small clutch size, high survival rate and cooperative breeding in birds. The first reason is that when survival rate is a better predictor of cooperative breeding than fecundity, a general life-history trade-off between clutch size and survival rate will create the observed association between cooperative breeding and the two life-history characters. Theoretically, a high survival rate is expected to predict cooperative breeding better than fecundity, because a high survival rate increases both habitat saturation and the direct benefits of staying at home. The second reason is that the reproductive value of the first offspring each year is higher than that of subsequent offspring for cooperative breeders (the offspring depreciation hypothesis). This is because these offspring will be able to delay dispersal and gain indirect benefits by helping at home. We show that this. under very general conditions, decreases the optimum clutch size of cooperative breeders below that of non-cooperative breeders.
Efficient On-The-Fly Hypothesis Rescoring in a Hybrid GPU/CPU-based Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition Engine

Effectively exploiting the resources available on modern multicore and manycore processors for tasks such as large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) is far from triv-ial. While prior works have demonstrated the effectiveness of manycore graphic processing units (GPU) for high-throughput, limited vocabulary speech recognition, they are unsuitable for recognition with large acoustic and language models due to the limited 1-6GB of memory on GPUs. To overcome this limita-tion, we introduce a novel architecture for WFST-based LVCSR that jointly leverages manycore graphic processing units (GPU) and multicore processors (CPU) to efﬁciently perform recognition even when large acoustic and language models are applied. In the proposed approach, recognition is performed on the GPU using an H-level WFST, composed using a unigram language model. During decoding partial hypotheses generated over this network are rescored on-the-ﬂy using a large language model, which resides on the CPU. By maintaining N -best hypotheses during decoding our proposed architecture obtains comparable accuracy to a standard CPU-based WFST decoder while im-proving decoding speed by a factor of 11 × .
Arabidopsis Contains Nine Long-Chain Acyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase Genes That Participate in Fatty Acid and Glycerolipid Metabolism1

Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetases (LACSs) activate free fatty acids to acyl-CoA thioesters and as such play critical roles in fatty acid metabolism. This important class of enzymes factors prominently in several fatty acid-derived metabolic pathways, including phospholipid, triacylglycerol, and jasmonate biosynthesis and fatty acid β-oxidation. In an effort to better understand the factors that control fatty acid metabolism in oilseeds, we have sought to identify and characterize genes that encode LACSs in Arabidopsis. Nine cDNAs were identified, cloned, and tested for their ability to complement a LACS-deficient strain of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Seven of the nine successfully restored growth, whereas two cDNAs encoding putative peroxisomal isoforms did not. Lysates from yeast cells overexpressing each of the nine cDNAs were active in LACS enzyme assays using oleic acid as a substrate. The substrate specificities of the enzymes were determined after overexpression in LACS-deficient Escherichia coli. Most of the LACS enzymes displayed highest levels of activity with the fatty acids that make up the common structural and storage lipids in Arabidopsis tissues. Analysis of the tissue-specific expression profiles for these genes revealed one flower-specific isoform, whereas all others were expressed in various tissues throughout the plant. These nine cDNAs are thought to constitute the entire LACS family in Arabidopsis, and as such, will serve as powerful tools in the study of acyl-CoA metabolism in oilseeds.
On the Asymptotic Distribution of the Transaction Price in a Clock Model of a Multi-Unit, Oral, Ascending-Price Auction within the Common-Value Paradigm

Using a clock model of a multi-unit, oral, ascending-price auction, within the commonvalue paradigm, we analyse the asymptotic behaviour of the transaction price as the number of bidders gets large. We find that even though the transaction price is determined by a (potentially small) fraction of losing drop-out bids, that price converges in probability to the ex ante unknown, true value. Subsequently, we derive the asymptotic distribution of the transaction price. Finally, we apply our methods to data from an auction of taxi license plates held in Shenzhen, China.
Trauma and health : physical health consequences of exposure to extreme stress

A Context for Understanding the Physical Health Consequences of Exposure to Extreme Stress Trauma, PTSD, and Health Status Costs and Health Care Utilization Associated With Traumatic Experiences Depression, Trauma, and Cardiovascular Health Coping and Health: A Comparison of the Stress and Trauma Literatures Psychoneuroimmunology and Trauma PTSD, Allostatic Load, and Medical Illness Somatization Trauma, PTSD, and Health Risk Behaviors Understanding Relationships Among Trauma, PTSD, and Health Outcomes