Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Catalytic Performance of Platinum-Doped Lanthanum Hexaaluminate through Reduction Method Variation

The development of a catalyst for the ammonium dinitramide (ADN)-based monopropellant system has been of growing interest in space research. In this study, we investigated the development methodology for the platinum hexaaluminate (Pt–LHA) catalyst. The reduction of Platinum was performed in muffle and tubular furnaces by considering the different heating rates, with or without hydrogen gas flow conditions. The dispersion of Platinum on LHA was confirmed by using SEM analysis; the particle size of Platinum in Pt–LHA-1 and Pt–LHA-11 was 5.1–9.1 μm and <100 nm, respectively. Notably, agglomeration of Platinum was observed when the catalyst was calcinated in a muffle furnace without air or H2 gas flow. Interestingly, the even dispersion of Platinum was revealed when the catalyst was calcinated in a tubular furnace at 4% H2 in N2 gas flow. As a result, Pt–LHA-7 to Pt–LHA-11 exhibited higher catalytic activity than Pt–LHA-1 to Pt–LHA-6 under H2O2 reactor conditions. The catalyst Pt–LHA-9 was further tested in a 1 N ADN thruster, demonstrating its capability to decompose the ADN-based monopropellant in an operation thruster.
The effect of balance and gait training on specific balance abilities of survivors with stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Background Stroke, which is a common clinical cerebrovascular disease, causes approximately 83% of survivors to suffer from balance impairments. Balance and gait training (BGT) is widely used to restore balance in patients with stroke. However, its wide variety presents clinicians with a dilemma when selecting interventions. This study aimed to compare and rank BGT interventions by quantifying information based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) of non-gait-trained controls and head-to-head RCTs and compared the effects of 12 BGT interventions. A total of nine literature databases, including Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, ClinicalTrials.gov, CNKI, and Chinese biomedical literature databases, were searched from their database inception to August 2023. Two authors independently selected studies and extracted data. The difference in outcomes, which were expressed as standardized mean differences and confidence intervals (CIs) of 95%, were explored in this meta-analysis. Results A total of 66 studies with 1,933 participants were included. Effect size estimates showed that not all BGT interventions were more effective than controls, with treadmill training as the least effective for balance test batteries (SMD = −0.41, 95% CI [−1.09, 0.27]) and proactive balance (SMD = −0.50, 95% CI [−1.14, 0.14]). Body-weight-supported treadmill training with external stimulation was most effective for proactive balance and dynamic steady-state balance (SMD = 1.57, 95% CI [−0.03, 3.16]); SMD = 1.18, 95% CI [0.67, 1.68]. Virtual reality gait training (SMD = 1.37, 95% CI [0.62, 2.11]) had the best effect on improving balance test batteries, while dual-task BGT (SMD = 1.64, 95% CI [0.50, 2.78]) had the best effect on static steady-state balance. After analyses for possible impact covariates, the findings through the outcomes did not change substantially. Confidence in the evidence was generally low or very low. Conclusion This NMA suggested that virtual reality gait training was the most effective BGT modality for improving balance test batteries. Body-weight support treadmill training with external stimulation was the most effective for improving active and dynamic balance. In addition, dual-task BGT was the best choice for improving static balance. However, balance is a multidimensional concept, and patients’ different needs should be considered when selecting BGT. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? ID=CRD42022316057, ID: CRD42022316057.
Lake-level changes and fire history at Lagunillo del Tejo (Spain) during the last millennium: Climate or humans?

Hydroclimatic variability is expected to be affected by global warming in the Mediterranean region where climate, fire and human activities are known to be interdependent. The latter is examined here for the past millennium by studying paleoenvironmental indicators from a sedimentary sequence at Lagunillo del Tejo (Cuenca, central Spain). Inferred changes in fire activity and lake levels are based on records of macrocharcoals and plant/algal macrofossils, respectively, and are compared with independent information on climate change and socio-economical transformations from historical and meteorological records. The results show that there is an obvious climatic forcing behind the lake-level changes recorded at Lagunillo del Tejo, and a good correlation between the periods of high fire activity/frequent fires and low lake level/drought conditions. The reconstructed fire regime may therefore be natural (climate-induced), but can also be explained by important socio-economical events/changes, including wars and the introduction of the Transhumance practices (ad 1273). There is a good chronological agreement between lowest fire activity and high lake levels (c. ad 1600–1800), concurrent with the late ‘Little Ice Age’ (LIA) and the collapse of the Transhumance system. We propose that periods of drought favored both natural and human-induced fires during the ‘Medieval Climatic Anomaly’ (around ad 1200), at the start of the LIA (around ad 1400), in the middle of the LIA (sixteenth century) and during the entire nineteenth century. This record is an example of long-term interplay between climate changes and human activities and its impact on environmental changes such as fire regimes.
Exploring the Links Between Individual and Social Learning in the Red River Floodway Environmental Assessment

In general, top-down expert-driven resource management approaches have proven to be ineffective when applied to problems that embody a high degree of complexity, uncertainty, and conflict. In Canada, and elsewhere in the world, there is a heightened level of interest in alternative resource management strategies and practices. The incorporation of meaningful public involvement and social learning opportunities is particularly important in resource management situations that run the risk of affecting various stakeholders. This research investigated the linkages between individual and social learning in the context of public involvement in environmental assessment (EA). The Red River Floodway EA provided an appropriate setting to investigate this issue in the general context of management for sustainability. Effective public involvement in EA can ensure that the project outcome reflects the values and interests of the communities involved. Two groups were identified based on their involvement in the Floodway expansion EA. The Coalition for Flood Protection North of the Floodway (CFPN) is loosely structured, informal, and not very well funded. The Cooks Creek Conservation District (CCCD) is reasonably funded, highly formal, and well connected to the municipal and provincial governments. The research methods of this study were guided by the assumptions of a qualitative case-study approach. Face-to-face interviews, using open-ended questions, were the primary source of data.
Open-Air Testing of Dual-Comb Time-of-Flight Measurement

We configured a long-distance ranging apparatus to test the principle of dual-comb time-of-flight measurement using ultrashort lasers. Emphasis was given to the evaluation of open-air performance quantitatively in terms of the measurement resolution and stability. The test results revealed that our dual-comb asynchronous optical pulse sampling permits micrometer-resolved ranging with a repeatability of 2.05 μm over a 648 m distance in dry weather conditions. Further atmospheric effects were evaluated in three different weather conditions with corresponding Allan deviations. Finally, the capability of simultaneous determination of multiple targets was verified with the potential of advanced industrial applications, such as manufacturing, surveying, metrology, and geodesy.
Rheology of the lithosphere in space and time

Abstract The rheology of the lithosphere is a factor of primary importance in the kinematics and dynamics of mountain belts. This paper attempts to clarify the role of rheology in orogenesis, by applying simple physical principles to the analysis of tectonic processes. The emphasis is on broad generalizations leading to order-of-magnitude estimates. Since the rheology of lithospheric materials is strongly dependent on temperature, the discussion opens with a review of continental and oceanic geotherms and an assessment of their reliability. Then the brittle (frictional) and ductile (high-temperature creep) properties of the lithosphere are considered. In the brittle field, particular attention is paid to the problem of fault reactivation, which is shown to be more likely in extensional than in compressional regimes. In the ductile field, a summary of creep parameters for the most common lithospheric materials is presented. The central concept of rheological profiles (strength envelopes), essential to the estimation of the depth variations of lithospheric rheology, is discussed with reference not only to its applicability but also to its limitations (a two-dimensional example from the Canadian Cordillera is given). Processes related to the rheological properties and layering of the lithosphere — gravitational collapse in thickened and softened crust, tectonic inversion following the detachment of a lithospheric root, lower crustal ductile flow with consequent relaxation of Moho topography — are analysed semi-quantitatively, mainly to show that they are indeed likely to be important players in geodynamics. Finally, in a brief Archaean detour, some possible important differences between present-day and Archaean oceanic lithosphere are examined, and the conclusion is reached that in all likelihood plate tectonics, although at different rates, has been the main agent of orogenesis during most of the history of the planet.
ANALYSIS OF AN OBSIDIAN BIFACE REPORTEDLY FOUND IN THE CONNECTICUT RIVER VALLEY OF VERMONT

An obsidian biface reportedly found in the Connecticut River valley of Vermont, is the only currently locatable obsidian artifact purported to have been found in Northern New England. As such, it may be evidence for prehistoric long-distance exchange, a product of modern- or historicperiod trade among artifact collectors, or it may be a modern replica. Four criteria are outlined to assess the artifact 's authenticity as a product of prehistoric trade: provenience, cultural affiliation, age, and geological source. Archaeological provenience of the biface is vague and not testable. Geochemical assays demonstrate that the point is made from obsidian originating in the Great Basin. Measurement of an obsidian-hydration rim indicates that the point was made prehistorically. Typological analysis is ambiguous: The point may be assigned to types defined in northern New England or the Great Basin. The biface therefore cannot be considered authentic evidence for prehistoric long-distance exchange, and future claims of extremely long-distance trade must consider alternative explanations for the presence of obsidian artifacts in New England.
New long-stemmed eocrinoid from the Furongian Point Peak Shale Member of the Wilberns Formation, central Texas

Abstract. Llanocystis wilbernsensis n. gen. n. sp. (Eocrinoidea, Echinodermata) is described based on three specimens from the Furongian Point Peak Shale Member of the Wilberns Formation in central Texas. It displays a unique morphology including a very long stem constructed with holomeric columnals, few feeding appendages, and a polyplated theca. The specimens occur in an intraformational conglomerate deposited in a proximal carbonate platform environment and represent an example of the poorly documented “pelmatozoan” radiation that occurred in proximal facies by the end of the Cambrian.
Literacy Coaching Roles ReImagined during the COVID-19 Pandemic

A qualitative self-study was employed to describe the experiences of three literacy coaches during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study is to understand how these three literacy coaches coped with challenges inherent in their transition to remote or hybrid teaching as well as used such understanding to inform literacy instructional practice. Findings demonstrate that the literacy coaches played three critical roles, namely, a technology coach, academic coach, and social emotional coach. Implications for the role of instructional coaches during and postpandemic will also be addressed.
Selective recording of physiologically evoked neural activity in a mixed autonomic nerve using a minimally invasive array

Real-time closed-loop control of neuromodulation devices requires long-term monitoring of neural activity in the peripheral nervous system. Although many signal extraction methods exist, few are both clinically viable and designed for extracting small signals from fragile peripheral visceral nerves. Here, we report that our minimally invasive recording and analysis technology extracts low to negative signal to noise ratio (SNR) neural activity from a visceral nerve with a high degree of specificity for fiber type and class. Complex activity was recorded from the rat pelvic nerve that was physiologically evoked during controlled bladder filling and voiding, in an extensively characterized in vivo model that provided an excellent test bed to validate our technology. Urethane-anesthetized male rats (n = 12) were implanted with a four-electrode planar array and the bladder instrumented for continuous-flow cystometry, which measures urodynamic function by recording bladder pressure changes during constant infusion of saline. We demonstrated that differential bipolar recordings and cross-correlation analyses extracts afferent and efferent activity, and discriminated between subpopulations of fibers based on conduction velocity. Integrated Aδ afferent fiber activity correlated with bladder pressure during voiding (r2: 0.66 ± 0.06) and was not affected by activating nociceptive afferents with intravesical capsaicin (r2: 0.59 ± 0.14, P = 0.54, and n = 3). Collectively, these results demonstrate our minimally invasive recording and analysis technology is selective in extracting mixed neural activity with low/negative SNR. Furthermore, integrated afferent activity reliably correlates with bladder pressure and is a promising first step in developing closed-loop technology for bladder control.
Colimitation by light, nitrate, and iron in the Beaufort Sea in late summer

[1] As part of the GEOTRACES International Polar Year program, in September 2009 we performed a grow-out experiment to investigate the potential for nitrate, light, and iron (Fe) limitation of Beaufort Sea phytoplankton. Nutrients, phytoplankton biomass/composition, and Fe and C uptake rates were measured regularly. Nitrate additions enhanced phytoplankton growth, demonstrating that the late summer phytoplankton community was N limited. In the treatments with additions of nitrate but not Fe, total chlorophyll a doubled with each increase in light level, indicating the community was also light limited. In nitrate enriched treatments, colimitation of primary production by Fe and light was observed at light levels ≤10% surface irradiance (Io), which corresponded to depths ≥33 m. The higher Fe demand associated with low irradiance was supported by 10- to 100-fold higher Fe:C assimilation ratios. Furthermore, the Fe:C assimilation ratios of phytoplankton with an Fe addition (1 nmol L−1) were ∼2-fold higher than those with no Fe added at 1%Io, indicating severe Fe deficiency at in situ Fe (0.154 nmol L−1) and low light. The average light intensity experienced by phytoplankton in the 1%Io treatments corresponded to the light intensity at ∼73 m, which is well below the 44 m euphotic depth at this station in late summer, but coincides with the depth where the subsurface chlorophyll maximum is often found in this region (∼70 m). These results suggest that in addition to nitrate and light, Fe availability may control primary productivity in the Beaufort Sea, and seasonal changes in light, nitrate, and Fe availability may differentially control Arctic phytoplankton growth.
WAVE FIELD EXTRAPOLATION TECHNIQUES FOR INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIA WHICH INCLUDE CRITICAL ANGLE EVENTS.

In one-way wave field extrapolation downgoing and upgoing waves are treated independently, which is allowed if propagation at small angles against the vertical in (weakly) inhomogeneous media is considered. In practical implementation the slow convergence of the square-root operator causes numerical deficiencies. On the other hand, in two-way wave field extrapolation no assumptions need to be made on the separability of downgoing and upgoing waves. Furthermore, in practical implementation the use of the square-root operator is avoided. To put the two-way techniques into perspective, it is shown that two-way wave field extrapolation could be described in terms of one-way processes, namely: (1) decomposition of the total wave field into downgoing and upgoing waves; (2) one-way wave field extrapolation; (3) composition of the total wave field from its downgoing and upgoing constituents. This alternative description of two-way wave field extrapolation is valid for media which are homogeneous along the z-coordinate as well as for small dip angles in arbitrarily inhomogeneous media. In addition, it is shown that this description is also valid for large dip angles in 1-D (vertically) inhomogeneous media, including critical-angle events, when the WKBJ one-way wave functions discussed in part I of this paper are considered. For large dip angles in arbitrarily inhomogeneous media the two-way wave equation is solved by means of Taylor series expansion. For practical implementation a truncated operator is designed, assuming gentle horizontal variations of the medium properties. This operator is stable and converges already in the first order approximation, also for critical-angle events.
Relationship between tree species composition and phenology extracted from satellite data in Swedish forests

This study investigated the “relationship between tree species composition and phenology extracted from satellite data in Swedish forests”. The proposed method investigated in this study aims at mapping the fractional composition of deciduous/coniferous tree species and also the fractional composition of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and several pine (Pinus sp.). The fractions can then be used to classify a forest into forest types such as uniform deciduous/coniferous or mixed forests. The method uses field measurements for training a regression model against satellite derived seasonality parameters. The satellite derived phenological parameters consists of a time series of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) values where parameters such as maximum, length, start and end of growing season were extracted with the software TIMESAT. The satellite system used was the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The result indicates that the EVI derived seasonality parameters correlated stronger against the fractional composition of deciduous/coniferous tree species as compared with NDVI derived seasonality. The correlation coefficient for the EVI derived seasonality was estimated to 0.88 for the best performing dataset and parameter. However, when validated against an independent dataset the accuracy proved to be low when the tested regression models were used to predict the fraction of deciduous/coniferous tree species composition. A source of error derives from differences in mapping scale between the satellite system (250x250 m) and that of the field data (either a plot size of a 7 m circle or a plot size 30x30 m). The differences in mapping scale are assumed be a major source of error. However, the correlation between satellite derived seasonality and the fractional tree species composition is strong enough to consider it worthwhile to investigate for future studies when better data will become available.
FAKTOR DAN KENDALA GURU DALAM MENYUSUN KOMPONEN RPP KURIKULUM 2013

Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengetahui beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kendala yang dihadapi guru dalam menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) di SD Negeri Tapos 1. Hasil penelitian mampu memberikan informasi yang penting bagi guru untuk menangani kendala dalam menyusun RPP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sistematik. Peneliti mengumpulkan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumen dengan salah satu guru SD Negeri Tapos 1. Untuk menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman sebagai reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa banyak kendala yang dihadapi oleh para guru ketika menyusun bagian-bagian dari RPP antara lain: (1) kendala dalam merumuskan indikator, (2) mencari sumber belajar, (3) mengidentifikasi media pembelajaran, dan (4) menyusun model dan metode, dan (5) membuat penilaian. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kendala guru, antara lain: (1) guru tidak memahami prinsip menyusun beberapa bagian RPP Kurikulum 2013, (2) waktu yang singkat untuk menyusun RPP, (3) ketidakjelasan pelatihan yang diberikan kepada guru dan (4) rendahnya motivasi guru.
Skeleton-based Human Action Recognition in a Thermal Comfort Context

Thermal comfort optimization is key to ensuring the well-being of building occupants and promoting intelligent energy use in the built environment. In the current space of thermal comfort analysis, many techniques are used ranging from more intrusive wearable sensors and qualitative occupant surveys to less intrusive infrared thermal monitoring and human action recognition (HAR). However, as these methods increase surveillance of building occupants in often complex environments, privacy preservation and accurate analysis are essential for optimal thermal control. This paper focuses on uplifting the ability of skeleton-based HAR for use in thermal comfort-related action recognition as this method has been shown to have promising action recognition accuracy while maintaining user privacy. While we focus here on thermal comfort, our analysis and emphasis on the use and advancement of privacy-preserving technologies naturally extend to other systems (e.g., cyber-physical-social infrastructure systems) underpinned by human-centered, or “social,” objectives and interactions. We benchmark several fundamental deep learning models in the skeleton-based HAR space and compare their performance on a new dataset of thermal comfort-related actions.