Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chinese Sentiments on the Clouds: A Preliminary Experiment on Corpus Processing and Exploration on Cloud Service

This study aims to propose a novel pipeline architecture in building and analyzing largescaled linguistic data on the cloud-based environment, an experimental survey on Chinese Polarity Lexicon will be taken as an example. In this experiment, data are evaluated and tagged by applying crowd sourcing approach using online Google Form. All the data processing and analyzing procedures are completed on-the-fly with free cloud services automatically and dynamically.The paper shows the advantages of using cloud-based environment in collecting and processing linguistic data which can be easily scaled up and efficiently computed. In addition, the proposed pipeline architecture also brings out the potentials of merging with mashups from the web for representing and exploring corpus data of various types.
Equal treatment, worker replacement and wage rigidity

We adapt the model of Menzio and Moen (2010) to consider a labour market with directed search in which firms can commit to wage contracts but cannot commit not to replace incumbent workers. Workers are risk averse, so that there exists an incentive for firms to smooth wages over time and in the face of shocks to labour productivity. To avoid worker replacement (which saves on the ex ante wage bill), they may choose a wage for new hires that is equally unresponsive to shocks. This leads to a large degree of downward rigidity in the wages of new hires, and magnifies the response of unemployment and vacancies to negative shocks. Our version of the Menzio-Moen model allows for the analysis of positive probability shocks in a tractable way. Moreover, we argue that the model provides a useful framework for analysing other sources of wage rigidity; for example adding asymmetric information can substantially enhance the rigidity and the responsiveness of unemployment and vacancies to productivity shocks.
Risk factors for metastatic disease at presentation with osteosarcoma: an analysis of the SEER database.

BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma and affects all ages. There are substantial differences in management and outcomes for patients who have localized disease compared with distant spread at the time of diagnosis. Our goal was to examine potential risk factors predictive of metastatic disease at presentation. METHODS The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program database was used to identify all patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma from 2000 to 2008 and to classify each patient as having metastatic or localized disease at the time of diagnosis. Patient-based characteristics, tumor characteristics, and county-level socioeconomic measures were analyzed to determine which factors were predictive of an increased rate of distant metastatic disease at presentation. These factors were analyzed as univariate characteristics as well as in a multivariate logistic regression model. RESULTS We identified 2017 cases of high-grade osteosarcoma, and 464 (23.0%) of the patients presented with metastatic disease. In the unadjusted logistic regression analysis, patients had increased odds of metastatic disease at presentation if they had an age of sixty years or more (odds ratio [OR] = 2.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71 to 2.89), had a tumor located in the axial skeleton (OR = 2.47; 95% CI, 1.88 to 3.26), and lived in a county with low socioeconomic status (OR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.35). These factors remained significant when combined in multivariate models controlling for age, location, and socioeconomic status. For patients with recorded tumor size information (n = 1398), the odds of metastasis at presentation increased by 10% with each additional centimeter of tumor size (OR = 1.10; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.13). When the patients with missing tumor size information were excluded, socioeconomic status was no longer a significant risk factor for metastasis at presentation in the multivariate model. CONCLUSIONS Osteosarcoma patients with advanced age, a tumor in the axial skeleton, a larger tumor size, and a residence in a less affluent county were more likely to have metastatic disease at presentation.
Arterial and venous vessels are required for modulating developmental relocalization and laterality of the interrenal tissue in zebrafish

During zebrafish embryogenesis, the endothelium signals to emergent bilateral interrenal primordia to converge toward the midline, yet the merged interrenal tissue has been found to be situated lateral to the midline. We show in this study that bilateral interrenal tissue clusters fused at the central midline, before relocating laterally to be juxtaposed between the dorsal aorta and the posterior cardinal vein. In ets1b morphants where the midtrunk vasculature failed to assemble, various degrees of interrenal fusion defects were displayed, and the interrenal laterality was lost. As either arterial or venous endothelium was specifically reduced, the interrenal tissue was defective in its relocalization and laterality, yet remained closely associated with the malformed vasculature. Our results showed evidence to support that assembly of the axial artery and vein, and its resulting vascular topology at the midtrunk, is required for patterning relocalization and laterality of the interrenal tissue after the initial medial fusion. Developmental Dynamics 239:1995–2004, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel syllable duration modeling approach for Mandarin speech

In this paper, a novel syllable duration modeling approach for Mandarin speech is proposed. It explicitly takes several main affecting factors as multiplicative companding parameters and estimates all model parameters by an EM algorithm. Experimental results show that the variance of the observed syllable duration is greatly reduced from 183.4 frame/sup 2/ (1 frame=5 ms) to 18.5 frame/sup 2/ by eliminating effects from these affecting factors. Besides, the estimated companding values of these affecting factors agree well with our prior linguistic knowledge. A preliminary study of applying the proposed model to predict syllable duration for TTS is also performed. Experimental results show that it outperforms the conventional regressive prediction method. Lastly, an extension of the approach to incorporate initial and final duration modeling is presented. This leads to a better understanding of the relation between the companding factors of initial and final duration models and those of syllable duration model.
Relation between photospheric magnetic field and chromospheric emission

Aims. We investigate the relationship between the photospheric magnetic field and the emission of the mid chromosphere of the Sun. Methods. We simultaneously observed the Stokes parameters of the photospheric iron line pair at 630.2 nm and the intensity profile of the chromospheric $\ion{Ca}{ii}$ H line at 396.8 nm in a quiet Sun region at a heliocentric angle of 53°. Various line parameters have been deduced from the $\ion{Ca}{ii}$ H line profile. The photospheric magnetic field vector has been reconstructed from an inversion of the measured Stokes profiles. After alignment of the Ca and Fe maps, a common mask has been created to define network and inter-network regions. We perform a statistical analysis of network and inter-network properties. The H -index is the integrated emission in a 0.1 nm band around the Ca core. We separate a non-magnetically, $H_{{\rm non}}$, and a magnetically, $H_{{\rm mag}}$, heated component from a non-heated component, $H_{{\rm co}}$ in the H -index. Results. The average network and inter-network H -indices are equal to 12 and 10 pm, respectively. The emission in the network is correlated with the magnetic flux density, approaching a value of $H \approx 10$ pm for vanishing flux. The inter-network magnetic field is dominated by weak field strengths with values down to 200 G and has a mean absolute flux density of about 11 Mx cm -2 . Conclusions. We find that a dominant fraction of the calcium emission caused by the heated atmosphere in the magnetic network has non-magnetic origin ($H_{{\rm mag}}\approx2\,$pm, $H_{{\rm non}}\approx3\,$pm). Considering the effect of straylight, the contribution from an atmosphere with no temperature rise to the H -index ($H_{{\rm co}}\approx6\,$pm) is about half of the observed H -index in the inter-network. The H -index in the inter-network is not correlated to any property of the photospheric magnetic field, suggesting that magnetic flux concentrations have a negligible role in the chromospheric heating in this region. The height range of the thermal coupling between the photosphere and low/mid chromosphere increases in presence of magnetic field. In addition, we demonstrate that a poor signal-to-noise level in the Stokes profiles leads to a significant over-estimation of the magnetic field strength.
If Your Bug Database Could Talk . . .

We have mined the Eclipse bug and version databases to map failures to Eclipse components. The resulting data set lists the defect density of all Eclipse components. As we demonstrate in three simple experiments, the bug data set can be easily used to relate code, process, and developers to defects. The data set is publicly available for download.
A strategy for construction of industrial strains of distiller's yeast

A procedure was developed for construction of industrial strains of distiller's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). It includes several steps: construction of congenic genetically marked haploid strains of opposite mating types starting from an industrial strain of hybrid nature, integrative transformation of the above haploid strains with a DNA fragment containing an expression cassette responsible for new technological facilities, and hybridization of transformants and isolation of final industrial homozygous strains under experimental conditions simulating commercial fermentation processes. This strategy permits the generation of strains that have desirable characteristics of traditional races of distiller's yeast along with new technological facilities determined by the particular expression cassette. Using this procedure, we have constructed an industrial strain with improved amylolytic activity. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Fiction database for emotion detection in abnormal situations

The present research focuses on the acquisition and annotation of vocal resources for emotion detection. We are interested in detecting emotions occurring in abnormal situations and particularly in detecting ”fear”. The present study considers a preliminary database of audiovisual sequences extracted from movie fictions. The sequences selected provide various manifestations of target emotions and are described with a multimodal annotation tool. We focus on audio cues in the annotation strategy and we use the video as support for validating the audio labels. The present article deals with the description of the methodology of data acquisition and annotation. The validation of annotation is realized via two perceptual paradigms in which the +/-video condition in stimuli presentation varies. We show the perceptual significance of the audio cues and the presence of target emotions.
Modulation of Mouse Paneth Cell α-Defensin Secretion by mIKCa1, a Ca2+-activated, Intermediate Conductance Potassium Channel*

Paneth cells in small intestinal crypts secrete microbicidal α-defensins in response to bacteria and bacterial antigens (Ayabe, T., Satchell, D. P., Wilson, C. L., Parks, W. C., Selsted, M. E., and Ouellette, A. J. (2000)Nat. Immunol. 1, 113–138). We now report that the Ca2+-activated K+ channel mIKCa1 modulates mouse Paneth cell secretion. mIKCa1 cDNA clones identified in a mouse small intestinal crypt library by hybridization to human IKCa1 cDNA probes were isolated, and DNA sequence analysis showed that they were identical to mIKCa1 cDNAs isolated from erythroid cells and liver. The genomic organization was found to be conserved between mouse and human IKCa1 as shown by comparisons of the respective cDNA and genomic sequences. Reverse transcriptase-PCR experiments using nested primers amplified mIKCa1 from the lower half of bisected crypts and from single Paneth cells, but not from the upper half of bisected crypts, villus epithelium, or undifferentiated crypt epithelial cells, suggesting a lineage-specific role for mIKCa1 in mouse small bowel epithelium. The cloned mIKCa1 channel was calcium-activated and was blocked by ten structurally diverse peptide and nonpeptide inhibitors with potencies spanning 9 orders of magnitude and indistinguishable from that of the human homologue. Consistent with channel blockade, charybdotoxin, clotrimazole, and the highly selective IKCa1 inhibitors, TRAM-34 and TRAM-39, inhibited (∼50%) Paneth cell secretion stimulated by bacteria or bacterial lipopolysaccharide, measured both as bactericidal activity and secreted cryptdin protein, but the inactive analog, TRAM-7, did not block secretion. These results demonstrate that mIKCa1 is modulator of Paneth cell α-defensin secretion and disclose an involvement in mucosal defense of the intestinal epithelium against ingested bacterial pathogens.
SERIMI - resource description similarity, RDF instance matching and interlinking

The interlinking of datasets published in the Linked Data Cloud is a challenging problem and a key factor for the success of the Semantic Web. Manual rule-based methods are the most effective solution for the problem, but they require skilled human data publishers going through a laborious, error prone and time-consuming process for manually describing rules mapping instances between two datasets. Thus, an automatic approach for solving this problem is more than welcome. In this paper, we propose a novel interlinking method, SERIMI, for solving this problem automatically. SERIMI matches instances between a source and a target datasets, without prior knowledge of the data, domain or schema of these datasets. Experiments conducted with benchmark collections demonstrate that our approach considerably outperforms state-of-the-art automatic approaches for solving the interlinking problem on the Linked Data Cloud.
Distributed file systems and distributed memory

The model of a single file system shared by all users of a computer is not only convenient but expected by most computer users. It seems natural to extend this model across multiple computers so that all users on a collection of computers share the same file system, thus forming a distributed file system. Similarly, the model of a collection of threads of control sharing the same address space as they cooperate in a computation is a convenient means for exploiting concurrency. This singleaddress-space abstraction is certainly the natural model for use on a sharedmemory multiprocessor. Its convenience for programming is so compelling that it is used increasingly to take advantage of parallelism on distributed systems, where it is called distributed memory. Primarily because of the ubiquity of Sun’s Network File System (NFS), programmers have become accustomed to distributed file systems; they realize how much more convenient such a system is than explicitly copying files across machines. While distributed memory is not so commonplace (existing implementations are research projects), it shows great promise for taking advantage of the collective power of a network of computers for computationally intensive problems. In both distributed file and memory systems, the usual implementation model is one of clients obtaining data from servers. Clients typically maintain a cache of data recently obtained from servers: if data has been fetched previously, reads (in the case of file systems) and loads (in the case of memory systems) can often be satisfied directly from the cache without contacting the server. Writes (in the case of file systems) and stores (in the case of memory systems) can be applied to data in the cache and only later made visible to others by updating the server. For the case of file systems, servers are typically distinct from clients and files are permanently assigned to servers, so that clients always contact the same server for the same file. However, an approach pioneered with distributed memory systems [Li and Hudak 1989] has the server role distributed among all the clients: the “home” of a sharedmemory segment is the client who last modified it. This approach has recently been adopted for distributed file systems [Anderson et al. 1995]. Our primary concerns are performance, how (and whether) the clients’ views of the data are kept consistent, and how machine crashes and network outages are handled. Among the performance concerns are minimizing both network traffic and the latency of responses to user requests. If the data necessary to handle a user request (such as a read operation on a file or a load from memory) are available locally, latency is minimal, but if not, it can be considerable. However, data can now be transferred over high-speed networks faster than from disks. Thus it may be quicker to obtain data over the network from the primary storage of a server machine than from a local disk. In either case, since the impact of network traffic on overall performance is more dependent on the number of messages being transmitted than on their size, it
Following Rapoport's Rule: the geographic range and genome size of bacterial taxa decline at warmer latitudes

We sought to test whether stream bacterial communities conform to Rapoport's Rule, a pattern commonly observed for plants and animals whereby taxa exhibit decreased latitudinal range sizes closer to the equator. Using a DNA sequencing approach, we explored the biogeography of biofilm bacterial communities in 204 streams across a ∼1000 km latitudinal gradient. The range sizes of bacterial taxa were strongly correlated with latitude, decreasing closer to the equator, which coincided with a greater than fivefold increase in bacterial taxonomic richness. The relative richness and range size of bacteria were associated with spatially correlated variation in temperature and rainfall. These patterns were observed despite enormous variability in catchment environmental characteristics. Similar results were obtained when restricting the same analyses to native forest catchments, thereby controlling for spatial biases in land use. We analysed genomic data from ∼500 taxa detected in this study, for which data were available and found that bacterial communities at cooler latitudes also tended to possess greater potential metabolic potential. Collectively, these data provide the first evidence of latitudinal variation in the range size distributions of freshwater bacteria, a trend which may be determined, in part, by a trade-off between bacterial genome size and local variation in climatic conditions.
Application of relevance vector machine in the engine oil wear particle fault diagnosis

Diagnosis of engine fault is critical in reducing operating and maintenance costs which were paid more attention by many researchers. Due to the potential advantages to be gained from proactive maintenance, monitoring of machines health, assessing survival probability of machines unit. Numerous methods have been developed based on intelligent systems. This paper concerns with the prediction of engine oil wear particle using regression relevance vector machine(RVM). It attempts to overcome the problems of support vector machine (SVM) such as low sparsity, low computationally efficient and kernel function must be satisfied with the Mercer's condition. RVM is a method suitable for processing regression and classification problems. In this paper, a regress prediction model is developed using RVM. The results of experiments show that RVM provides better prediction accuracy and generalization than SVM and artificial neural network (ANN). At the same conditions, RVM can be widely used in engine oil wear particle analysis and fault prediction.
Effects of Inspiration, Expiration, and Apnea upon Pacemaking and Block in Atrial Fibrillation

The effects of inspiration, expiration, and apnea on A-V transmission system block and on A-V junctional and idioventricular pacemakers were studied in 53 examinations on 29 patients with atrial fibrillation. The severity of block and the location, prevalence, and firing frequency of subsidiary pacemakers were measured separately in each phase of respiration and compared by quantitative methods. In most patients, apnea increased the severity of A-V block, the prevalence of A-V junctional escape and ventricular automaticity but reduced the prevalence of A-V junctional tachycardia. The firing frequency of the subsidiary pacemakers was not affected. Occasionally apnea shortened the coupling interval of premature ventricular contractions. Cheyne-Stokes respiration markedly accentuated the effects of apnea and often produced bursts of ventricular tachycardia in patients who had only isolated ventricular ectopic beats during regular respiration. The data indicate that intermittent respiration has deleterious effects upon cardiac activity and should be corrected whenever possible.
A high-level simulation and synthesis environment for ΔΣ modulators

An approach is presented for the high-level simulation and synthesis of discrete-time /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators based on a simulation-based optimization strategy. The high-level synthesis approach determines both the optimum modulator topology and the required building block specifications, such that the system specifications-mainly accuracy (dynamic range) and signal bandwidth-are satisfied at the lowest possible power consumption. A genetic-based differential evolution algorithm is used in combination with a fast dedicated behavioral simulator to realistically analyze and optimize the modulator performance. The approach has been implemented in a tool called Daisy (Delta-Sigma Analysis and Synthesis). Experimental results are shown for both the analysis and synthesis capabilities, illustrating the effectiveness of the approach. The selected range of optimized /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator topologies as a function of the modulator specifications for a wide range of values indicate the capabilities of and the performance range covered by the tool.
Occupancy map building through Bayesian exploration

We propose a novel holistic approach to safe autonomous exploration and map building based on constrained Bayesian optimization. This method finds optimal continuous paths instead of discrete sensing locations that inherently satisfy motion and safety constraints. Evaluating both the objective and constraints functions requires forward simulation of expected observations. As such, evaluations are costly, and therefore the Bayesian optimizer proposes only paths that are likely to yield optimal results and satisfy the constraints with high confidence. By balancing the reward and risk associated with each path, the optimizer minimizes the number of expensive function evaluations. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in a series of experiments both in simulation and with a real ground robot and provide comparisons with other exploration techniques. The experimental results show that our method provides robust and consistent performance in all tests and performs better than or as good as the state of the art.
Physical design for FPGAs

FPGAs have been growing at a rapid rate in the past few years. Their ever-increasing gate densities and performance capabilities are making them very popular in the design of digital systems. In this paper we discuss the state-of-the-art in FPGA physical design. Compared to physical design in traditional ASICs, FPGAs pose a different set of requirements and challenges. Consequently the algorithms in FPGA physical design have evolved differently from their ASIC counterparts. Apart from allowing FPGA users to implement their designs on FPGAs, FPGA physical design is also used extensively in developing and evaluating new FPGA architectures. Finally, the future of FPGA physical design is discussed along with how it is interacting with the latest FPGA technologies.