Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parental knowledges of preschool children’s oral health: development and validation of the instrument

Objetivo: Validar un instrumento para medir los conocimientos sobre salud bucal en madres y padres de niños que asisten a Instituciones Educativas Iniciales en zonas urbano marginales de la provincia de Lima en el año 2012. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, descriptivo y transversal. La principal técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta, mediante un cuestionario estructurado. Resultados: La obtención de la validez de contenido se obtuvo mediante la prueba estadística V de Aiken, la reproducibilidad, fue calculada con el CCI en una muestra de 30 madres y/o padres de familia, para la validez de constructo se analizaron las respuestas del cuestionario de 312 padres y/o madres de familia con el análisis factorial. Finalmente, se evaluó la confiabilidad de los resultados obtenidos con la prueba estadística Alfa de Cronbach. Dentro de los resultados se pudo observar que se obtuvo una validez de contenido de 0.95, reproducibilidad de 0.89, validez de constructo el resultado menor de 0.36 en el ítem de amamantamiento nocturno y el más elevado 0.77 en el ítem de lactancia materna y finalmente la confiabilidad de 0.64. Conclusión: El instrumento es seguro y confiable en la medición de los conocimientos sobre salud bucal en los padres de familia de niños que asisten al nivel inicial.
Polyspecies biofilm formation on implant surfaces with different surface characteristics

Objective: To investigate the microbial adherence and colonization of a polyspecies biofilm on 7 differently processed titanium surfaces. Material and Methods: Six-species biofilms were formed anaerobically on 5-mm-diameter sterilized, saliva-preconditioned titanium discs. Material surfaces used were either machined, stained, acid-etched or sandblasted/acid-etched (SLA). Samples of the latter two materials were also provided in a chemically modified form, with increased wettability characteristics. Surface roughness and contact angles of all materials were determined. The discs were then incubated anaerobically for up to 16.5 h. Initial microbial adherence was evaluated after 20 min incubation and further colonization after 2, 4, 8, and 16.5 h using non-selective and selective culture techniques. Results at different time points were compared using ANOVA and Scheffé post hoc analysis. Results: The mean differences in microorganisms colonizing after the first 20 min were in a very narrow range (4.5 to 4.8 log CFU). At up to 16.5 h, the modified SLA surface exhibited the highest values for colonization (6.9±0.2 log CFU, p<0.05) but increasing growth was observed on all test surfaces over time. Discrepancies among bacterial strains on the differently crafted titanium surfaces were very similar to those described for total log CFU. F. nucleatum was below the detection limit on all surfaces after 4 h. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, surface roughness had a moderate influence on biofilm formation, while wettability did not seem to influence biofilm formation under the experimental conditions described. The modified SLA surface showed the highest trend for bacterial colonization.
Similarity effects in name-face recognition : A dual-process , summed-similarity account

We examined how similarity influences the ability to associate names and faces. In Experiment 1, multidimensional scaling generated perceptual similarity spaces for novel stimuli: synthetic human faces and single-syllable Mandarin Chinese names. In Experiment 2’s associative recognition task, face-name pairs were presented in alternating Study and Test blocks. In every Study block, subjects were given the same 18 pairs of faces and names; in each Test block, face-name pairs that had been studied were intermixed with face-name pairs that had been rearranged. Subjects judged whether a face-name pair was one that had been studied, or was a new, rearranged pairing. With repeated study opportunities, associative recognition improved as both correct endorsements of studied pairs and correct rejections of rearranged pairs increased. Results were well fit by NEMo.D, a model in which a test probe’s summed similarity to the contents of memory is supplemented by a similarity-dependent recollection process. NEMo.D’s relationship to other models for recognition is explored.
Long-term outcome of treatment with infliximab in 614 patients with Crohn’s disease: results from a single-centre cohort

Background and aims: This observational study assessed the long-term clinical benefit of infliximab (IFX) in 614 consecutive patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) from a single centre during a median follow-up of 55 months (interquartile range (IQR) 27–83). Methods: The primary analysis looked at the proportion of patients with initial response to IFX who had sustained clinical benefit at the end of follow-up. The long-term effects of IFX on the course of CD as reflected by the rate of surgery and hospitalisations and need for corticosteroids were also analysed. Results: 10.9% of patients were primary non-responders to IFX. Sustained benefit was observed in 347 of the 547 patients (63.4%) receiving long-term treatment. In 68.3% of these, treatment with IFX was ongoing and in 31.7% IFX was stopped, with the patient being in remission. Seventy patients (12.8%) had to stop IFX due to side effects and 118 (21.6%) due to loss of response. Although the yearly drop-out rates of IFX in patients with episodic (10.7%) and scheduled treatment (7.1%) were similar, the need for hospitalisations and surgery decreased less in the episodic than in the scheduled group. Steroid discontinuation also occurred in a higher proportion of patients in the scheduled group than in the episodic group. Conclusions: In this large real-life cohort of patients with CD, long-term treatment with IFX was very efficacious to maintain improvement during a median follow-up of almost 5 years and changed disease outcome by decreasing the rate of hospitalisations and surgery.
Spectral and nonlinear analysis of surgical ventricular fibrillation

Most studies about ventricular fibrillation (VF) in humans have attempted to analyze the first minute of its evolution. However, longer duration studies or VF complete evolution (from onset to end) have been scarcely reported. Our aim was to study the complete evolution of VF signal, until asystolia, in a heart surgical VF model in humans using frequency and nonlinear parameters. We recorded ECG signals during VF from 30 patients underwent heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Two types of VF could be present, before surgery and after surgery. We characterized VF using dominant frequency (fd) and regularity index (ri), and the nonlinear parameter sample entropy (SampEn) on the first and the last 5-sec segment before and after surgery. The goal was to analyse the temporal evolution of the VF, and also to compare the beginning and end of both VF before and after surgery. We used a nonparametric resampling statistical hypothesis test. We found an inverse temporal evolution before and after surgery, so that fd and SampEn decreased before (2.95 to 2.51 Hz; 0.36 to 0.32) and significantly increased after surgery (2.68 to 3.50 Hz; 0.33 to 0.37). The onsets of the VF were significantly different only on ri, whereas the end of the VF were significantly different on fd and SampEn The results are in agreement with studies with animal models, and might help to better understand the driven mechanisms of the VF and its temporal evolution.
Integration of Sequence of Computational Modules Dedicated ory Typed Approach to Text Analysis : A Combinat

In informational terms, a module dedicated to process information always has specific inputs and outputs. It describes a particular process constrained by specific rules. A processing chain can be a serial combination and/or a parallel combination of such modules. Thus, in an architecture of language engineering, each processing chain becomes a particular instantiation of all possible paths. A processing chain is built from a choice of modules underlying tasks that an engineer wants to apply to the text. In our paper we will present our theoretical model of logical representation of the processing chains, based on combinatory logic and a formal approach based on categorial grammars and applicative grammar, along with many cases of modules configurations.
Coculture System That Mimics In Vivo Attachment Processes in Bovine Trophoblast Cells1

ABSTRACT The establishment of pregnancy requires bidirectional communication between the developing conceptus and the uterine endometrium. The aim of this study was to establish an in vitro coculture system with bovine trophoblast cells and uterine epithelial cells (EECs) that mimics the in vivo attachment process. We previously reported that expression of interferon tau (IFNT), a major secretory product from the trophectoderm, decreases with changes in chromatin structure when the conceptus successfully attaches to the uterine epithelium. Thus, IFNT is a good marker to assess whether attachment has successfully occurred. In this study, bovine trophoblast CT-1 cells were cultured to generate spheroids, which were then placed on type I collagen-coated plates (monoculture) or bovine EECs (coculture) with or without uterine flushings collected from Day 15 cyclic or Days 15, 17, or 19 pregnant animals. In the coculture but not the monoculture, addition of uterine flushings from Day 15 or 17 pregnant animals resulted in decreased IFNT and CDX2 mRNA expression in CT-1 spheroids, accompanied with changes in histone modifications. In monocultured CT-1 spheroids, integrin subunit ITGA8 and ITGB3 mRNAs were minimally expressed but were induced in cocultured CT-1 spheroids with or without uterine flushings. Expression of CDH2, another marker for bovine conceptus attachment to the uterine epithelium, was also induced in the cocultured CT-1 spheroids. These results suggest that this in vitro coculture system could be used to isolate processes essential for conceptus attachment to uterine EECs.
Risk assessment and control for distribution companies in electricity market environment

This paper presents a methodology to manage the market risk faced by a distribution company in the emerging electricity market environment. The risk is due to uncertainty in load forecasting, direct power-purchase for large users, and credit default of users. An optimization model that integrates these three kinds of uncertainty is built aiming at minimizing the loss of the distribution company concerned. This model permits the representation of an integrated risk management problem by means of value-at-risk. Under the stochastic programming framework, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the feasibility of our approach.
Phoneme Classification Using Kernel Principal Component Analysis

A substantial number of linear and nonlinear feature space transformation methods have been proposed in recent years. Using the so-called `kernel-idea´ well-known linear techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) can be non-linearized in a general way. The aim of this paper here is twofold. First, we describe this general non-linearization technique for linear feature space transformation methods. Second, we derive formulas for the ubiquitous PCA technique and its kernel version, first proposed by Scholkopf et al., using this general schema and we examine how this transformation affects the efficiency of several learning algorithms applied to the phoneme classification task.
IPTV video content recommendation system using widget application

IPTV provides IP broadcast and VOD, and enables users to access thousands of video content of both types. On the other hand, it is difficult for users to find video content that matches their preferences amongst this huge amount of available content. We propose a video content recommendation system with using a widget application, which can recommend video content related to the content that the user is currently watching. We implemented the proposed system in an experimental system and conducted subjective assessments using the system. This paper describes the system and discusses the experimental results.
2D Image Segmentation Through the One Dimensional Mumford-Shah Functional

Image segmentation is a complex task, since it involves the manipulation of diﬀerent kind of objects such as functions, domains in R 2 and curves. In this work we propose a two-dimensional image segmentation method, using the Mumford and Shah’s one dimensional technique, performing vertical and horizontal sweeps. This is in contrast to the technique that involves the generalization of the Mumford and Shah functional theory for 2D images.
Humoral Theory of Transplantation

According to the humoral theory of transplantation, antibodies cause allograft rejection. Publications are cited showing that antibodies: (1) cause hyperacute kidney rejection, (2) lead to C4d deposits associated with early kidney graft failures, (3) are a good indicator of presensitization leading to early acute rejections, (4) were present in 96% of 826 patients who rejected a kidney graft, (5) are associated with chronic rejection in 33 studies of kidney, heart, lung and liver grafts, and (6) in three studies, appeared in the circulation BEFORE evidence of bronchiolitis obliterans in lung transplants, and BEFORE kidney rejection. In addition, a prospective cooperative study of 1629 patients in 24 centers demonstrated that antibodies foretold subsequent failures after a follow‐up period of 6 months (p = 0.05). The specificity of antibodies detected in the serum of rejecting patients were often not donor specific, presumably because they were absorbed by the rejecting organ.
Ornithine decarboxylase gene of Neurospora crassa: isolation, sequence, and polyamine-mediated regulation of its mRNA

Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which initiates the biosynthesis of the polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, is encoded by the spe-1 gene of the fungus Neurospora crassa. This gene and its cDNA have been cloned and sequenced. The gene has a single 70-nucleotide intron in the coding sequence. The cDNA, comprising the entire coding region, recognizes a single 2.4-kb mRNA in Northern (RNA) blots. The mRNA transcript, defined by S1 mapping, has an extremely long, 535-base leader without strong secondary-structure features or an upstream reading frame. The translational start of the protein is ambiguous: a Met-Val-Met sequence precedes the Pro known to be the N terminus of the ODC polypeptide. The polypeptide encoded by the N. crassa spe-1 gene (484 amino acids) has 46% amino acid identity with that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (466 amino acids) and 42% with that of mouse (461 amino acids). Alignment of the longer N. crassa sequence with S. cerevisiae and mouse sequences creates gaps in different sites in the S. cerevisiae and mouse sequences, suggesting that N. crassa ODC is closer to an ancestral form of the enzyme than that of either yeast or mouse ODC. N. crassa ODC, which turns over rapidly in vivo in the presence of polyamines, has two PEST sequences, found in most ODCs and other proteins with rapid turnover. In striking contrast to other eucaryotic organisms, the variation in the rate of ODC synthesis in response to polyamines in N. crassa is largely correlated with proportional changes in the abundance of ODC mRNA. Spermidine is the main effector of repression, while putrescine has a weaker effect. However, putrescine accumulation appears to increase the amount of active ODC that is made from a given amount of ODC mRNA, possibly by improving its translatability. Conversely, prolonged starvation for both putrescine and spermidine leads to the differentially impaired translation of ODC mRNA.
Greatly Enhanced Pressor Response to Antidiuretic Hormone in Patients with Impaired Cardiovascular Reflexes Due to Idiopathic Orthostatic Hypotension

Pressor responsiveness to infused arginine-vasopressin (AVP), noradrenaline (NA), and angiotensin II (Ang II) of two patients with idiopathic orthostatic hypotension (Shy-Drager's syndrome) was compared with that of normal subjects. During the AVP infusion studies, plasma AVP concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Compared to normal subjects, the two patients showed a greatly increased slope of the curves relating doses or plasma concentrations of AVP to blood pressure (BP) increases. While in the normal subjects an increase of plasma AVP up to 450 fmoles/ml (normal range, 0.5–5.0 fmoles/ml) raised BP only by 5–7 mm Hg, in the two patients an increase of plasma AVP within or slightly above the normal range increased BP by up to 40 mm Hg. During AVP infusion, heart rate fell in the normal subjects but did not change in the two patients. A 10 mm Hg increase in BP would require doses or concentrations of AVP about 1,000 times higher in normals than in the patients. Equipressor doses of Ang II or NA were only 2 to 8 times lower in patients than in normals. Thus, in individuals whose cardiovascular reflex activity is greatly reduced or absent, plasma AVP concentrations within the physiological range are vasopressor. We conclude that in normal subjects the vasopressor effect of intravenously infused AVP is greatly buffered by activation of cardiovascular reflexes. Since this phenomenon is not apparent to the same extent during Ang II or NA infusion, it seems possible that rising AVP plasma concentrations specifically increase the feedback gain of cardiovascular reflex systems.
Analyzing In-Memory Hash Join: Granularity Matters

Predicting the performance of join algorithms on modern hardware is challenging. In this work, we focus on main-memory no-partitioning and partitioning hash join algorithms executing on multi-core platforms. We discuss the main parameters impacting performance, and present an eﬀective performance model. This model can be used to select the most appropriate algorithm for diﬀerent input data-sets for current and future hardware conﬁgurations. We ﬁnd that for modern systems an optimized no-partition hash join often outperforms an optimized radix partitioning hash join.
Boosting youth sport? Implementation of Norwegian youth sport policy through the 2016 Lillehammer Winter Youth Olympic Games

Abstract Neo-institutional concepts of organizational change and organizational reproduction combined with implementation theory are employed to examine the implementation of the Norwegian youth sport policy (YSP) associated with the Youth Olympic Games. The YSP also called ‘youth campaign’, aims at increasing the number of young leaders, young coaches and young athletes. Data were generated from semi-structured interviews and observations and show that implementation is characterized by revitalization of existing practices within the Norwegian sports system through translation and bricolage and innovative entrepreneurship. Our data indicate that the focus of the implementation was on the recruitment and education of young leaders. The development of young coaches and the recruitment and retention of young athletes are neglected. The non-involvement of national sport federations and sports clubs as well as the complexity of administrative layers are causes for the lack of effective implementation. In sum, a lasting impact on the Norwegian youth sport development is doubtful.
Integrating computer games in speech therapy for children who stutter

In this paper we describe our work with the development of a novel computer game supporting speech therapy for children who stutter. We discuss the motivation for our work, the theoretical background, and outline the plans and strategies for the development process. Finally, we describe a preliminary study carried out to evaluate the potential of integrating computer games in speech therapy for children.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Topically Applied KP-103 against Experimental Tinea Unguium in Guinea Pigs in Comparison with Amorolfine and Terbinafine

ABSTRACT The therapeutic efficacy of KP-103, a novel topical triazole, in a guinea pig tinea unguium model was investigated. Experimental tinea unguium and tinea pedis were produced by inoculation of Trichophyton mentagrophytes SM-110 between the toes of the hind paw of guinea pigs. One percent solution (0.1 ml) of KP-103, amorolfine, or terbinafine was topically applied to the nails and whole sole of an infected foot once daily for 30 consecutive days, and terbinafine was also orally administered at a daily dose of 40 mg/kg of body weight for 30 consecutive days, starting on day 60 postinfection. The fungal burdens of nails and plantar skin were assessed using a new method, which makes it possible to recover infecting fungi by removing a carryover of the drug remaining in the treated tissues into the culture medium. Topically applied KP-103 inhibited the development of nail collapse, significantly reduced the fungal burden of the nails, and sterilized the infected plantar skin. On the other hand, topical amorolfine and topical or oral terbinafine were ineffective for tinea unguium, although these drugs eradicated or reduced the fungal burden of plantar skin. The in vitro activities of amorolfine and terbinafine against T. mentagrophytes SM-110 were 8- and 32-fold, respectively, decreased by the addition of 5% keratin to Sabouraud dextrose broth medium. In contrast, the activity of KP-103 was not affected by keratin because its keratin affinity is lower than those of the reference drugs, suggesting that KP-103 largely exists in the nails as an active form that was not bound to keratin and diffuses in the nail without being trapped by keratin. The effectiveness of KP-103 against tinea unguium is probably due to its favorable pharmacokinetic properties in the nails together with its potent antifungal activity.
Microphysical retrieval from dual frequency precipitation radar board GPM

Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) is poised to be the next generation observations from space after Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The GPM mission concept is centered on the deployment of a core observatory satellite with an active dual-frequency radar (DPR), operating at Ku and Ka bands. The DPR is expected to improve our knowledge of precipitation processes relative to single-frequency radar on microphysics retrievals. Hydrometeor classification method is a key part of any microphysical retrieval algorithm. This paper is focused on the hydrometeor classification method which might be applied to GPM DPR and maps the results to Zdr - DFR plane to cross verify with the pixel based hydrometer identification method. In addition a comparison is made between the DSD retrieval algorithm proposed by the author and other existing algorithm.