Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quinoa dough fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactic acid bacteria: Changes in saponin, phytic acid content, and antioxidant capacity

Abstract The effects of two fermentation processes (common fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and fermentation by Lacticaseibacillus casei subsp. casei PTCC 1608 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum PTCC 1745) on pH, titratable acidity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity, saponin content, as well as phytic acid content of quinoa dough were investigated during the 24‐h fermentation (4‐h interval). According to the results, the highest titratable acidity was observed in the samples fermented by L. casei subsp. casei. Moreover, the highest antioxidant capacity was observed after 12 h of fermentation by L. plantarum subsp. plantarum (31.22% for DPPH, 104.67% for FRAP) due to a higher concentration of phenolic compounds produced (170.5% for total phenolic content). Also, all samples have been able to reduce saponin by 67% on average. Furthermore, the samples fermented by L. plantarum subsp. plantarum showed the most significant decrease in phytic acid content (64.64%) during 24‐h fermentation. By considering the reduction of the antinutritional compounds and improvement in the antioxidant properties of quinoa flour, the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain was recommended.
Microbial proteases and their applications

Proteases (proteinases or peptidases) are a class of hydrolases that cleave peptide chains in proteins. Endopeptidases are a type of protease that hydrolyze the internal peptide bonds of proteins, forming shorter peptides; exopeptidases hydrolyze the terminal peptide bonds from the C-terminal or N-terminal, forming free amino acids. Microbial proteases are a popular instrument in many industrial applications. In this review, the classification, detection, identification, and sources of microbial proteases are systematically introduced, as well as their applications in food, detergents, waste treatment, and biotechnology processes in the industry fields. In addition, recent studies on techniques used to express heterologous microbial proteases are summarized to describe the process of studying proteases. Finally, future developmental trends for microbial proteases are discussed.
Comprehensive Identification of the Pum Gene Family and Its Involvement in Kernel Development in Maize

The Pumilio (Pum) RNA-binding protein family regulates post-transcription and plays crucial roles in stress response and growth. However, little is known about Pum in plants. In this study, a total of 19 ZmPum genes were identified and classified into two groups in maize. Although each ZmPum contains the conserved Pum domain, the ZmPum members show diversity in the gene and protein architectures, physicochemical properties, chromosomal location, collinearity, cis-elements, and expression patterns. The typical ZmPum proteins have eight α-helices repeats, except for ZmPum2, 3, 5, 7, and 14, which have fewer α-helices. Moreover, we examined the expression profiles of ZmPum genes and found their involvement in kernel development. Except for ZmPum2, ZmPum genes are expressed in maize embryos, endosperms, or whole seeds. Notably, ZmPum4, 7, and 13 exhibited dramatically high expression levels during seed development. The study not only contributes valuable information for further validating the functions of ZmPum genes but also provides insights for improvement and enhancing maize yield.
Sustainability, Accountability and Corporate Governance: Exploring Multinationals' Reporting Practices

Recent years have seen a rapid increase in accountability pressures on particularly large global companies. The increased call for transparency comes from two different angles, which show some (potential) convergence in terms of topics and audiences: accountability requirements in the context of corporate governance, which expand to staff-related, ethical aspects; and sustainability reporting that has broadened from environment only to social and financial issues. This article examines to what extent and how current sustainability reporting of Fortune Global 250 companies incorporates corporate governance aspects. Many multinationals, particularly in Europe and Japan, have started to pay attention to board supervision and structuring of sustainability responsibilities, to compliance, ethics and external verification. While detailed disclosures are not yet common, some notable practices can be found. Underlying dilemmas and complexities for managers in dealing with accountability to shareholders and stakeholders, and the role of auditors, are indicated.
The NOW Map: consistent, dynamic and contemporary geospatial information

[Abstract]: Mapping agencies, national and regional, are finding it increasingly difficult to maintain the currency of their suite of map related products and services. These products include topographic maps and the provision of up to date topographic data. The maintenance of this socially important spatial information is at issue through the duplication of effort that presently exists within government agencies at all levels. A dedicated data sharing and topographic maintenance program has the potential to solve all of these issues. The 'NOW Map' gives the 'map hungry' public the ability to obtain spatially located data and products in time frames and formats of their choosing. This system is capable of delivering consistent, dynamic and contemporary geospatial information. It will be flexible, in response to a modern ever-changing society, and capable of providing up to date topographic maps and data that not only meets current standards, but also continually exceeds them. After the development of initial procedures, a pilot study was conducted to expand and further refine data collection and analysis procedures. This was followed by a final data-gathering research phase. The research used relevant local, interstate and international examples in all areas of the study. The outcomes of the pilot study and analysis of the second research segment demonstrated that maps can be maintained more efficiently through the utilisation of accurate up to date information. These topographically significant updates can be provided incrementally by organisations that maintain data as part of their own core business.
The Role of MicroRNA in Graft-Versus-Host-Disease: A Review

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a clinically challenging modality for the treatment of many hematologic diseases such as leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication after allo-HSCT and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, limiting the success of a potentially curative transplant. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been shown to impact the biology of GVHD. They are molecular regulators involved in numerous processes during T-cell development, homeostasis, and activation, and contribute to the pathological function of T-cells during GvHD. Here, we review the key role of miRNAs contributing to the GvHD; their detection might be an interesting possibility in the early diagnosis and monitoring of disease
Synthesis and Optimization of Cs2B′B″X6 Double Perovskite for Efficient and Sustainable Solar Cells

Hybrid perovskite materials with high light absorption coefficients, long diffusion lengths, and high mobility have attracted much attention, but their commercial development has been seriously hindered by two major problems: instability and lead toxicity. This has led to lead-free halide double perovskite becoming a prominent competitor in the photovoltaic field. For lead-free double perovskites, Pb2+ can be heterovalent, substituted by non-toxic metal cations as a double perovskite structure, which promotes the flexibility of the composition. However, the four component elements and low solubility in the solvent result in synthesis difficulties and phase impurity problems. And material phase purity and film quality are closely related to the number of defects, which can limit the photoelectric performance of solar cells. Therefore, based on this point, we summarize the synthesis methods of Cs2B′B″X6 double perovskite crystals and thin films. Moreover, in the application of solar cells, the existing research mainly focuses on the formation process of thin films, band gap adjustment, and surface engineering to improve the quality of films and optimize the performance of devices. Finally, we propose that Cs2B′B″X6 lead-free perovskites offer a promising pathway toward developing highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.
The Activity of Daily Living (ADL) subgroups and Health impairment among Chinese elderly:A Latent Pro�le Analysis

basic (BADL) and instrumental present study explored an empirical typology of the of (ADL) Data throughout the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) was retrieved and Latent pro�le analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify the subgroups of ADL for included elderly subjects. Multinomial regression was performed to detect the effect of identi�ed characteristics with class subgroups, and restricted cubic spine was drawn to show the relationship between ADL disability with age and BMI. targeted intervention to address the onset of functional disability and consequent problems with the elderly.
Plastics Injection Molding Process Improvement

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate, analyze the strategies that a small plastic injection molding factory uses. It emphasizes process improvement which is aligned with and support the factory's main strategies. The result from this thesis helps factory analyze, improve and monitor changes in business strategy that the company chooses to use as well as the manufacturing strategy. The aim of this framework is to ensure that the long term objectives of the company can be achieved under the trends that the company is evolving into. The principal tools and techniques that have been used in this thesis are Terry Hill's Framework, LEAN ECRS and SMED. The expected benefits from this this improvement framework is the continuous improvement in ability to compete and win in the market by improving on the company strengths. Create a unique customer perception to the compnay's products in order to have deep impact in company image. By applying the framework to the factory operation, the efficiency in the platic injection processes will be improved by eliminating the non-value-added activities. Changes in product varieties and variations can help company prioritizes the limited machine time to the right products. Reduction in machine down time is achieved by applying the Single-Minute Exchange of Dies approach. Work procedures that can help company ensure the sustainable improvement in the future is also proposed.
Systematic Study of the Nanostructures of Exfoliated Polymer Nanocomposites

High-performance bioinspired materials have shown rapid development over the last decade. Examples are brick-and-mortar hierarchical structures, which are often achieved via solvent evaporation. Although good properties are claimed, most systems are composed of stacked or intercalated platelets. Exfoliation is a crucial step to give ultimate anisotropic properties, e.g., thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties. We propose a general framework for all the various types of micro-scale structures that should be distinguished for 2D filler nanocomposites. In particular, the exfoliated state is systematically explored by the immobilization of montmorillonite platelets via (gelatin) hydrogelation. Scattering techniques were used to evaluate this strategy at the level of the particle dispersion and the regularity of spatial arrangement. The gelatin/montmorillonite exfoliated nanostructures are fully controlled by the filler volume fraction since the observed gallery d-spacings perfectly fall onto the predicted values. Surprisingly, X-ray analysis also revealed short- and quasi long-range arrangement of the montmorillonite clay at high loading.
HYPERSPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF REMOTELY SENSED IMAGES

1. INTRODUCTION Currently, suitable and nonstop water supply for consumption, agriculture, and industry is indispensable for the entire planet. Major deviations from normal water supplies normally bring catastrophe in the form of shortage or inundation. To circumvent the harms resulting from overload and scarcity of water, there is a need to invest huge sums of capital and to employ several knowledge areas such as hydrology and civil engineering to widen systems to manage and allocate water. Since nearly 75% of the Earth corresponds to oceans, it is not a question of a worldwide scarcity of water, but the challenge is to prevail over the unequal distribution of water in space and time on land areas and to supply satisfactory quality to fulfill local needs. Here, water has been the limiting factor in the progress of agriculture and most industries. Nonetheless, even these arid areas are from time to time devastated by floods. The prerequisite placed on technology is to provide, at an inexpensive cost, a reliable supply and quality of water where and when it is required. Systems to control water supplies have consisted of wells, canals, levees, and dams. Because existing information is almost always insufficient, wells have been dug that fall short to produce sufficient quantities or quality of water, dams have leaked or completely failed and waste waters have contaminated drinking water. These unsatisfactory results could have been avoided if enough hydrologic, geologic and climatologic information for resource planning had been on hand. The intention of this text is to list some general capabilities of remote sensing (RS) techniques to acquire hydrologic data and to support operational as well as managerial hydrology. A well-succeed plan for developmental tasks relies on the quality and quantity of information at hand on both natural and socio-economic resources. It is, consequently,
Package Design Thermal Optimization for Metal-Oxide Gas Sensors by Finite Element Modeling and Infra-Red Imaging Characterization

We designed a 3D geometrical model of a metal-oxide gas sensor and its custom packaging and used it in finite element modeling (FEM) analysis for obtaining temperature and heat flux distribution. The 3D computer simulation, performed with GetDP software (version 3.5.0, 13 May 2022), accurately predicted the temperature distribution variation across the entire assembly. Knowing the temperature variation and the location of the hot spots allowed us to select the best electrical interconnect method and to choose the optimal materials combination and optimal geometry. The thermal modeling also confirmed the need to use a low thermal conductivity material to insulate the MOX sensor since the latter is heated to its operational temperature of 250 °C. For that purpose, we used the in-house formulated xerogel–epoxy composite of thermal conductivity of 0.108 W m−1 K−1, which is at least 30% less compared to the best-in-class among commercially available materials. Based on the 3D FEM outputs, we designed, assembled, and characterized a fully functional packaged MOX gas sensor in several configurations. We measured the temperature distribution on all parts of the MOX gas sensor assembly using a thermal imaging infrared (IR) microscope. The results of 3D FEM are in good agreement with the temperature distribution obtained by the non-contact IR thermal characterization.
Influence des interactions eau-roche sur le comportement à long terme de cavités souterraines dans la craie

Le present memoire de these a pour but d'etudier le comportement visco-hydromecanique de la craie d'Estreux a la fois a l'echelle du site, de l'echantillon et de la microstructure dans le cadre du programme « vieillissement des massifs rocheux ». Premierement, le suivi de l'instrumentation dans la carriere abandonnee d'Estreux a ete realise a partir de fevrier 2004. Le changement saisonnier mesure dans la galerie avec ce suivi et en particulier l'hygrometrie (80% - 100%) a ete reproduit pour les essais au laboratoire. Deuxiemement, une etude experimentale a ete menee sur les proprietes de retention d'eau. Cette etude a montre que la variation d'humidite relative dans la carriere entre 80% et 100% pourrait saturer / desaturer la craie dans la galerie, au moins a la surface des piliers. C'est la raison pour laquelle, dans une troisieme phase, la reponse mecanique de la craie partiellement saturee a ete caracterisee a l'aide des essais oedometriques et triaxiaux a haute pression et a succion controlee. Le comportement visqueux de la craie a ete egalement etudie par une campagne d'essai triaxial a differentes vitesses de chargement. Les resultats obtenus ont mis en evidence l'effet de la succion et de la vitesse de chargement sur le comportement mecanique de la craie: comme la succion, l'augmentation de la vitesse de chargement provoque une expansion du domaine elastique. Quatriemement, ces phenomenes ont fait l'objet d'une comparaison a l'echelle microscopique. Apres une etude sur la definition d'un protocole sur des observations au microscope electronique a balayage environnemental (MEBE), un systeme de succion controlee du module de chargement de compression/traction Microtest (Deben ®) installe dans la chambre d'observation du MEBE, a ete developpe. Ce systeme a permis l'etude du comportement visco-hydromecanique de la craie a l'echelle microscopique. Finalement, ce comportement a ete modelise en developpant dans l'espace triaxial le modele RASTRA (Rate of STRAin model) de De Gennaro & Pereira (2008). Ce modele a permis de simuler l'effet de la succion ainsi que l'effet du temps.
Learning adaptive reaching and pushing skills using contact information

In this paper, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-based framework that enables adaptive and continuous control of a robot to push unseen objects from random positions to the target position. Our approach takes into account contact information in the design of the reward function, resulting in improved success rates, generalization for unseen objects, and task efficiency compared to policies that do not consider contact information. Through reinforcement learning using only one object in simulation, we obtain a learned policy for manipulating a single object, which demonstrates good generalization when applied to the task of pushing unseen objects. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our approach in real-world scenarios.
Resting-state electroencephalographic correlates of cognitive reserve: Moderating the age-related decline in cognitive function

Measurement of cognitive reserve (CR) is a matter of constant reviews and developments due to the difficulty to assess it directly, being socio-behavioral indexes used as indirect proxies. An effort to unravel the neural correlates underlying CR seems mandatory, and strongly supported by the neuroscientific literature. Neurophysiological measures through electroencephalography (EEG) have proven to be a promising, almost inexpensive method to study the CR neural correlates. In line with the recommendations of Stern et al. (2020), the aim of the present study has been to demonstrate that resting-state EEG measures may moderate the relationship between age-related brain changes and cognitive status; thus, constituting an objective neural index of CR.Our results show that two resting-state EEG measures, delta current source density in the occipital region and beta 2 connectivity between limbic and occipital regions in the right hemisphere, moderate the relation between age and cognitive performance, indexing neuroprotective effects on cognition during the aging process. These results not only shed light on the neural mechanisms involved in CR but also allow us to propose features to be taken into account in order to enhance the results of interventions to delay the onset of cognitive deficits.
The Role of SNAP-25 in Autism Spectrum Disorders Onset Patterns

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can present with different onset and timing of symptom development; children may manifest symptoms early in their first year of life, i.e., early onset (EO-ASD), or may lose already achieved skills during their second year of life, thus showing a regressive-type onset (RO-ASD). It is still controversial whether regression represents a neurobiological subtype of ASD, resulting from distinct genetic and environmental causes. We focused this study on the 25 kD synaptosomal-associated protein (SNAP-25) gene involved in both post-synaptic formation and adhesion and considered a key player in the pathogenesis of ASD. To this end, four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the SNAP-25 gene, rs363050, rs363039, rs363043, and rs1051312, already known to be involved in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders, were analyzed in a cohort of 69 children with EO-ASD and 58 children with RO-ASD. Both the rs363039 G allele and GG genotype were significantly more frequently carried by patients with EO-ASD than those with RO-ASD and healthy controls (HC). On the contrary, the rs1051312 T allele and TT genotype were more frequent in individuals with RO-ASD than those with EO-ASD and HC. Thus, two different SNAP-25 alleles/genotypes seem to discriminate between EO-ASD and RO-ASD. Notably, rs1051312 is located in the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of the gene and is the target of microRNA (miRNA) regulation, suggesting a possible epigenetic role in the onset of regressive autism. These SNPs, by discriminating two different onset patterns, may represent diagnostic biomarkers of ASD and may provide insight into the different biological mechanisms towards the development of better tailored therapeutic and rehabilitative approaches.
Propagation of a U16 hybid Eucalyptus line by plant cell tissue culture

Eucalyptus is one of the important plant species for paper pulp, fuel wood, and timber. In this study, a hybrid Eucalyptus, U16 line, was investigated for rapid in vitro propagation. The apical and adventitious shoots served as initial explants. These were free-disease symptoms that were collected for surface sterilization. Different disinfectants including mercuric and Javel solutions at different concentrations and treated times were performed. The results showed that explants were cleaned under taping water with soap, rinsed in 70oEtOH for 1 minute, and then immersed in 10% Javen solution for 15 minutes and 0.1% HgCl2 for 10 minutes gave the highest disinfection rate that was 46.5%. The modified MS medium included basal MS, 30 g/L sucrose, and 7 g/L agar supplemented with 20 ml/L of coconut water (MS medium*) was the most suitable for the rapid multiplication of Eucalyptus lines U16, the shoot multiplication coefficient reached 1.56. In vitro multiplication of eucalyptus U16 was carried out by culturing disinfected shoot segments on the MS* medium supplemented with BAP 1.5 mg/L and kinetin 1.0 mg/L which gave the highest shoot multiplication coefficient (3.24 shoot per explant). The in vitro rooting medium of the U16 line was basal MS supplemented with 1.0 mg NAA/L, the rooting rate was 90.49%, the number of roots was 8.3, and the roots expressed strong growth