Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strings on AdS wormholes

We consider the behavior of open strings on AdS wormholes in Gauss-Bonnet theory, which are the Gauss-Bonnet gravity duals of a pair of field theories. A string with both endpoints on the same side of the wormhole describes two charges within the same field theory, which exhibit Coulomb interaction for small separation. On the other hand, a string extending through the wormhole describes two charges which live in different field theories, and they exhibit a spring-like confining potential. A transition occurs when there is a pair of charges present within each field theory: for small separation each pair of charges exhibits Coulomb interaction, while for large separation the charges in the different field theories pair up and exhibit confinement. If two charges move faster than a critical speed, then they exhibit a separation gap and energy is transferred from the leading charge to the lagging one.
The Effects of Dominance, Regular Inbreeding and Sampling Design on QST, an Estimator of Population Differentiation for Quantitative Traits

To test whether quantitative traits are under directional or homogenizing selection, it is common practice to compare population differentiation estimates at molecular markers (FST) and quantitative traits (QST). If the trait is neutral and its determinism is additive, then theory predicts that QST = FST, while QST > FST is predicted under directional selection for different local optima, and QST < FST is predicted under homogenizing selection. However, nonadditive effects can alter these predictions. Here, we investigate the influence of dominance on the relation between QST and FST for neutral traits. Using analytical results and computer simulations, we show that dominance generally deflates QST relative to FST. Under inbreeding, the effect of dominance vanishes, and we show that for selfing species, a better estimate of QST is obtained from selfed families than from half-sib families. We also compare several sampling designs and find that it is always best to sample many populations (>20) with few families (five) rather than few populations with many families. Provided that estimates of QST are derived from individuals originating from many populations, we conclude that the pattern QST > FST, and hence the inference of directional selection for different local optima, is robust to the effect of nonadditive gene actions.
Enrichment of Machine Learning Based Activity Classification in Smart Homes Using Ensemble Learning

Data streams from various Internet-Of-Things (IOT) enabled sensors in smart homes provide an opportunity to develop predictive models to offer actionable insights in form of preventive care to its residence. This becomes particularly relevant for Aging-In-Place (AIP) solutions for the care of the elderly. Over the last decade, diverse stakeholders from practice, industry, education, research, and professional organizations have collaborated to furnish homes with a variety of IOT enabled sensors to record daily activities of individuals. Machine Learning on such streams allows for detection of patterns and prediction of activities which enables preventive care. Behavior patterns that lead to preventive care constitute a series of activities. Accurate labeling of activities is an extremely time-consuming process and the resulting labels are often noisy and error prone. In this paper, we analyze the classification accuracy of various activities within a home using machine learning models. We present that the use of an ensemble model that combines multiple learning models allows to obtain better classification of activities than any of the constituent learning algorithms.
Indonesian-Japanese term extraction from bilingual corpora using machine learning

As bilateral relation between Indonesia and Japan strengthens, the need of consistent term usage for both languages becomes important. In this paper, a new method for Indonesian-Japanese term extraction is presented. In general, this is done in 3 steps: (1) n-gram extraction for each language, (2) n-gram cross-pairing between both languages, and (3) classification. This method is aimed to be able to handle term extraction from both parallel corpora and comparable corpora. In order to use this method, we have to build a classification model first using machine learning. There are 4 types of feature we take into consideration. They are dictionary based features, cognate based features, combined features, and statistic features. The first three features are linguistic features. Dictionary based features consider word-pair existence in a predefined dictionary, cognate based features consider morpheme level similarity, combined features consider both dictionary and cognate based features altogether, and statistic features is used in case the first 3 features fail. The only statistic feature we use is context heterogeneity similarity, which consider the variety of words that can precede or follow a term. For learning algorithm, we use SVM (Support Vector Machine). In the experiment, we compared several scenarios: only linguistic features, only statistic features, or both features combined. The classification model was built from parallel corpora since plenty of term pairs can be extracted from parallel corpora. The size of training data was 5,000 term pairs. The best result was achieved by using only linguistic features and without the preprocessing step. The accuracy was up to 90.98% and recall 92.14%. A testing from comparable corpora was also done with size of 37,392 term pairs where 94 were equivalent translation and 37,298 were not. Evaluation using test set gave accuracy of 98.63% precision, but with low recall score of 24.47%.
Understanding Engagement with Interactive Public Displays: an Awareness Campaign in the Wild

In this paper, we present the findings from a field study that quantifies the different engagement phases of an interactive public display: from noticing interactivity and the first reaction to it, to actually interacting with the screen and expressing interest in a campaign. For this purpose, we developed an interactive public display for a real-life campaign that aims to increase awareness on cardiac arrests and Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). In our study, we deployed two public displays with interactive prototypes in the biggest railway station of Brussels (Belgium), which resulted in 10,000+ passers-by and more than 1,000 reactions. We conclude that although interactive displays are effective at capturing attention and do provide a high conversion rate from passers-by to users interacting, this does not directly translate into achieving the goal of the display for the campaign as only 0,10% of them reach the final stage (visiting a website).
A New Approach to Social Mobility Models : Simulation as “ Reverse Engineering

The traditional approach to statistical modelling is to begin with data on the properties of individuals, find associations between these properties and then attribute these associations to underlying behavioural mechanisms. This process is exemplified by the traditional study of social mobility patterns based on class, gender and ethnicity. [xx Some very typical examples? ] This paper presents an alternative approach in which the same individual behavioural mechanisms and the interactions of resulting actions are modelled directly through computer simulation. This approach has a number of advantages. Firstly, it draws attention to implicit assumptions and lacunae in the traditional models by examining the same problem from a very different perspective. Secondly, it shows how attributing behavioural mechanisms at the aggregate level may fail to take account of the counter-intuitive effects of social interaction. Thirdly, development of the “reverse engineering” methodology may serve as a more general tool for re-examining statistical models. Finally, simulation may help to integrate relevant insights from a number of disciplines, with social psychology (reference effects) and economics (budget constraints) being particularly relevant in this case. The paper reports a simple simulation of social mobility in an “artificial society” and uses the results to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of the “reverse engineering” approach.
Experiments on localization of an AUV using graph-based SLAM

This paper presents experiments on vision-based localization of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) using graph-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). Relative range and bearing values of each landmark are obtained from image processing results. And a graph structure is built using the landmark detection results and dead-reckoning data of the AUV. The structured graph is optimized by a graph-based SLAM algorithm. Finally, the performance of the graph-based SLAM is compared to an EKF-based SLAM result.
Algebraic Algorithms for LWE

The Learning with Errors (LWE) problem, proposed by Regev in 2005, has become an ever-popular cryptographic primitive, due mainly to its simplicity, flexibility and convincing theoretical arguments regarding its hardness. Among the main proposed approaches to solving LWE instances — namely, lattice algorithms, combinatorial algorithms, and algebraic algorithms — the last is the one that has received the least attention in the literature, and is the focus of this paper. We present a detailed and refined complexity analysis of the original Arora-Ge algorithm, which reduced LWE to solving a system of high-degree, error-free polynomials. Moreover, we generalise their method and establish the complexity of applying Gröbner basis techniques from computational commutative algebra to solving LWE. As a result, we show that the use of Gröbner basis algorithms yields an exponential speed-up over the basic Arora-Ge algorithm. On the other hand, our results show that such techniques do not yield a subexponential algorithm for the LWE problem. We also apply our algebraic algorithm to the BinaryError-LWE problem, which was recently introduced by Micciancio and Peikert. We show that BinaryError-LWE in dimension n can be solved in subexponential time given access to a quasi-linear number of samplesm under a regularity assumption. We also give precise complexity bounds for BinaryError-LWE given access to linearly many samples. Our approach outperforms the best currently-known generic heuristic exact CVP solver as soon as m/n ≥ 6.6. The results in this work depend crucially on the assumption that the encountered systems have no special structure. We give experimental evidence that this assumption holds and also prove the assumption in some special cases. Therewith, we also make progress towards proving Fröberg’s long-standing conjecture from algebraic geometry.
A Mobile Component Environment Based on CORBA Service Extensions for Mobile-Aware Network Computing

Mobile-aware network computing addresses the problem of detaching a host from one network and reattaching it to another while maintaining the ill usion of continuous network access. This paper presents an object-oriented technique and environment for constructing mobile-aware components that can dynamically reconfigure themselves to account for host mobilit y and associated communication and service availabilit y changes. First, we describe a component-based architecture that explicitly stores meta-level design information to control dynamic software reconfiguration. Second, we present a network environment that builds upon standard distributed computing services, i.e., OMG’s CORBA Services, to provide options for replacing, migrating, and remotely communicating with active network services upon host roa ming.
A neglected spot in self-control - the influence of attitudes towards impulses on self-control

Previous self-control research has neglected how individuals view temptations. We present a novel approach by taking a closer look at how individuals value impulses. To this end, we validated a measure to assess individuals’ attitudes towards impulses. We hypothesized that more favorable attitudes are associated with less negative self-conscious emotions after self-control failure. In Study 1 (N = 143) we carved out the influence of overeating on feelings of shame and guilt and how individuals’ attitudes moderate this link. Attitudes towards impulses were assessed in the cafeteria before participants had lunch and their self-conscious emotions were assessed after having lunch. As expected, we found a significant interaction (p = .002) showing that overeating is only associated with feelings of shame/guilt for participants having low attitudes towards impulses. For participants having more favorable attitudes this association was absent. In a second online study (N = 172), we show that more favorable views of impulses is positively associated with body satisfaction (p = .003). Most importantly, we find as expected, a significant interaction between BMI and attitude towards impulses (p = .022) showing that BMI is negatively associated with body satisfaction only for participants scoring low on our measure but not for participants having more favorable attitudes towards impulses. Future studies will investigate the motivational and volitional consequences of attitudes towards impulses. Understanding how individuals’ value impulses helps to disentangle the underlying mechanisms of self-control and impulsive behavior. Interventions need to address and modify individuals’ attitudes towards impulses to boost self-control success.
On the population of galactic Luminous Blue Variables

We report the first results of a long term infrared monitoring campaign of known and candidate galactic Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs). In particular, we are able to confirm the LBV nature of G24.73+0.69, a luminous mid-B supergiant associated with a dusty ejection nebula. We find that prior to 2003 September G24.73+0.69 exhibited low amplitude (∆JHK ∼ 0.4 mag) variability, but in the ∼200 day period between 2003 September-2004 April it abruptly brightened by ∼0.7 mag in the broadband J filter. Subsequently, a further ∼0.4 mag increase was observed between 2004 April-October, resulting in an overall difference of ∼1.1 mag between (current) photometric mimimum and maximum; similar variability also being observed in the H and K bands. In light of the numerous recent IR studies of the galactic hot star population we also compile an updated census of confirmed and candidate galactic LBVs, reporting 12 and 23 members respectively for each class. Finally, we utilise this new census to construct an H-R diagram for the galactic LBV population, resulting in a striking confirmation of the LBV-minimum light strip.
Differential Metabolisms of Green Leaf Volatiles in Injured and Intact Parts of a Wounded Leaf Meet Distinct Ecophysiological Requirements

Almost all terrestrial plants produce green leaf volatiles (GLVs), consisting of six-carbon (C6) aldehydes, alcohols and their esters, after mechanical wounding. C6 aldehydes deter enemies, but C6 alcohols and esters are rather inert. In this study, we address why the ability to produce various GLVs in wounded plant tissues has been conserved in the plant kingdom. The major product in completely disrupted Arabidopsis leaf tissues was (Z)-3-hexenal, while (Z)-3-hexenol and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate were the main products formed in the intact parts of partially wounded leaves. 13C-labeled C6 aldehydes placed on the disrupted part of a wounded leaf diffused into neighboring intact tissues and were reduced to C6 alcohols. The reduction of the aldehydes to alcohols was catalyzed by an NADPH-dependent reductase. When NADPH was supplemented to disrupted tissues, C6 aldehydes were reduced to C6 alcohols, indicating that C6 aldehydes accumulated because of insufficient NADPH. When the leaves were exposed to higher doses of C6 aldehydes, however, a substantial fraction of C6 aldehydes persisted in the leaves and damaged them, indicating potential toxicity of C6 aldehydes to the leaf cells. Thus, the production of C6 aldehydes and their differential metabolisms in wounded leaves has dual benefits. In disrupted tissues, C6 aldehydes and their α,β-unsaturated aldehyde derivatives accumulate to deter invaders. In intact cells, the aldehydes are reduced to minimize self-toxicity and allow healthy cells to survive. The metabolism of GLVs is thus efficiently designed to meet ecophysiological requirements of the microenvironments within a wounded leaf.
Risk of meningococcal infection in college students.

CONTEXT The number of meningococcal outbreaks on college campuses have been increasing in the past few years. However, no published studies have documented the incidence of invasive meningococcal infection in college students or whether the incidence is higher than in the general population of the same age. OBJECTIVE To compare the incidence of invasive meningococcal infection in Maryland college students with that of the general population of the same age. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND PATIENTS Maryland residents with meningococcal infection from 1992-1997 identified from active, laboratory-based, statewide surveillance for invasive meningococcal disease. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of invasive meningococcal infection. RESULTS Of 228 patients with invasive meningococcal infection, 67 were aged 16 to 30 years; 11 and 3 of these attended Maryland 4- and 2-year colleges, respectively. Of these, 12 (86%) had infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis serogroups included in the current meningococcal vaccine. The average annual incidence was 1.74 per 100000 among students in 4-year schools vs 1.44 per 100000 for the general population of the same age (P=.60). Among students in 4-year schools, the incidence was 3.24 per 100000 in on-campus residents vs 0.96 per 100000 in off-campus residents (relative risk, 3.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-11.6; P=.05). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of meningococcal infection in college students is similar to the incidence in the general population of the same age, but college students residing on campus appear to be at higher risk than those residing off campus.
Scavenger Receptor but Inhibits Specific Cholesteryl Ester Uptake Apolipoprotein AII Enrichment of HDL Enhances Their Affinity for Class B Type I

Apolipoproteins of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and especially apolipoprotein (apo)AI and apoAII have been demonstrated as binding directly to the class B type I scavenger receptor (SR-BI), the HDL receptor that mediates selective cholesteryl ester uptake. However, the functional relevance of the binding capacity of each apolipoprotein is still unknown. The human adrenal cell line, NCI-H295R, spontaneously expresses a high level of SR-BI, the major apoAI binding protein in these cells. As previously described for murine SR-BI, free apoAI, palmitoyl-oleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC)-AI, and HDL are good ligands for human SR-BI. In vitro displacement of apoAI by apoAII in HDLs or in Lp AI purified from HDL by immunoaffinity enhances their ability to compete with POPC-AI to bind to SR-BI and also enhances their direct binding capacity. The next step was to determine whether the higher affinity of apoAII for SR-BI correlated with the specific uptake of cholesteryl esters from these HDLs. Free apoAII and, to a lesser extent, free apoAI that were added to the cell medium during uptake experiments inhibited the specific uptake of [H]cholesteryl esters from HDL, indicating that binding sites on cells were the same as cholesteryl ester uptake sites. In direct experiments, the uptake of [ H]cholesteryl esters from apoAII-enriched HDL was highly reduced compared with the uptake from native HDL. These results demonstrate that in the human adrenal cell line expressing SR-BI as the major HDL binding protein, efficient apoAII binding has an inhibitory effect on the delivery of cholesteryl esters to cells. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol . 2000;20:1074-1081.)
Details of formalized relations in feature models using OCL

System families are a form of high level reuse of development assets in a specific problem domain, by making use of commonalities and variabilities. To represent assets belonging to the core of the family and assets belonging to variable parts, feature modeling is a widely used concept. Consistency checking in feature models is not yet addressed appropriately by current methods. The paper gives a brief overview of feature modeling and elaborates the problems of current approaches. Based on the applications of these approaches within an ongoing research project, the paper proposes a formalized definition for feature modeling using the Object Constraint Language (OCL) and a set of associations and constraints to be used in the feature model. The relations between features in the feature model and features to external assets are examined and a way to formally handle these relations is presented as a result of a research project.
CONCEPTOLOGY AS A FORM OF COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS

В статье представлено краткое изложение концептологии как версии когнитивной лингвистики в авторском варианте. Показаны её отличия от академических контенсивной и когнитивной (в узком смысле) лингвистик как формы выражения русской ментальности в её основных проявлениях. Устанавливается значение символа как содержательной формы концепта наряду с образом и понятием. Вводится термин концептум ‘зерно’ как выражение семантического «первосмысла» в преобразовании содержательных форм концепта. Указана роль текстовых формул, в которых актуализируется концептум в виде «образного понятия» (das Sinnbild).
p53 mutations and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in a multicenter study on lung cancer.

Biomarker data may provide a way to strengthen the link between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and lung cancer shown in epidemiological studies. We conducted a multicenter case-control study to investigate the association between ETS exposure and lung cancer in never-smokers using p53 mutations as a biomarker of tobacco-related carcinogenesis. Paraffin-embedded tissue or fresh tissue samples from 91 never-smokers and 66 smokers with histologically confirmed lung cancer and interview data about smoking habits and ETS exposure were analyzed for mutations in the p53 gene. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression. Among the lifelong nonsmokers, the overall mutation prevalence was 10% (nine cases). Among 48 never-smokers ever exposed to spousal ETS, 13% (six cases) showed mutations. Smokers exhibited 17 (26%) mutations. A 3-fold [odds ratio, 2.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-7.2] increased risk of p53 mutation was observed for smokers as compared with all never-smokers combined (i.e., irrespective of ETS exposure). The increase was 4.4-fold (95% CI, 1.2-16.2) when compared with never-smokers without ETS exposure. Among never-smokers, the risk of mutation was doubled (odds ratio, 2.0; 95% CI, 0.5-8.7) for exposure to spousal ETS only, based on 6 exposed cases with mutation and 42 exposed cases without mutation. The risk was 1.5 (95% CI, 0.2-8.8) for those ever exposed to spousal or workplace ETS as compared with those never exposed to spousal or workplace ETS. For smokers, the most common mutation type was G:C to T:A transversion (31%), whereas G:C to A:T transitions were predominant among never smokers (57%). In conclusion, our study indicates a significant 3-4-fold increased risk of p53 mutation in smoking lung cancer cases, and it suggests that mechanisms of lung carcinogenesis in ETS-exposed never-smokers include mutations in the p53 gene, similar to that seen in smokers. However, the mutation patterns observed also suggest a difference between smokers and never-smokers. Clearly, additional investigations of the role of p53 mutation as a biomarker for tobacco-related carcinogenesis, including that related to ETS, are indicated.