Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How competency standards became the preferred national technology for classifying nursing performance in Australia

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore how competency standards came to be the preferred technology for classifying and nursing performance in Australia at the end of the 20th century. Design: A genealogical approach to the history of the development of the Australian Nurse Regulatory Authorities Conference (ANRAC) Competencies (1990) is adopted. Setting: The setting is Australia during the period of 1975 to 1990. Subjects: Data was collected from minutes of ANRAC meetings, including ANRAC Competencies Committee meetings, government reports, a review of the literature on nurse assessment and competence, and interviews with five nurse leaders involved with the competencies development or regulation during this period. Main outcome measure: Description of how competency standards came to be the preferred technology for classifying nursing performance in Australia. Results: The emergence of a national competency standards technology is closely associated with the transfer of nursing education into the higher education sector, an expected shortage of skilled nurses, and microeconomic reform intended to position Australia as a world leader in a global economy. Through skilled rhetoric, nurse leaders established the need for national competency standards to address the issues confronting diverse social worlds while advancing the professional status of nursing through competency standards design. Conclusion: The national nursing competency standards is a technology that addressed the confluent concerns of those interested in the social worlds of nursing education, nursing research, occupational regulation, professional guilds, and national economic productivity thereby privileging it among instruments to classify nurse performance.
CXCL10 May Be Responsible for Susceptibility to Pulmonary Embolism in COVID-19 Patients

Background Although the potential of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients to develop pulmonary embolism (PE) is widely recognized, the underlying mechanism has not been completely elucidated. This study aimed to identify genes common to COVID-19 and PE to reveal the underlying pathogenesis of susceptibility to PE in COVID-19 patients. Methods COVID-19 genes were obtained from the GEO database and the OMIM, CTD, GeneCards, and DisGeNET databases; PE genes were obtained from the OMIM, CTD, GeneCards, and DisGeNET databases. We overlapped the genes of COVID-19 and PE to obtain common genes for additional analysis, including functional enrichment, protein–protein interaction, and immune infiltration analysis. Hub genes were identified using cytoHubba, a plugin of Cytoscape, and validated using the independent datasets GSE167000 and GSE13535. The genes validated by the above datasets were further validated in clinical samples. Results We obtained 36 genes shared by PE and COVID-19. Functional enrichment and immune infiltration analyses revealed the involvement of cytokines and immune activation. Five genes (CCL2, CXCL10, ALB, EGF, and MKI67) were identified as hub genes common to COVID-19 and PE. CXCL10 was validated in both independent datasets (GSE167000 and GSE13535). Serum levels of CXCL10 in the COVID-19 group and the COVID-19 combined with PE group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (P<0.001). In addition, there were significant differences between the COVID-19 group and the COVID-19 combined with PE group (P<0.01). Conclusion Our study reveals common genes shared by PE and COVID-19 and identifies CXCL10 as a possible cause of susceptibility to PE in COVID-19 patients.
Rollover Stability Control of Autonomous Forklift Using Optimal Control Approach

E-commerce and the industrial revolution have impacted the warehousing system. The warehousing system is continuously developing into modern warehousing. One of the features of a modern warehousing system is a forklift that can operate independently or automatically. Autonomous forklifts have a broad scope. This study presents the roll stability control of autonomous forklifts. The roll stability control is necessary to avoid instability that can cause rollover. The center of gravity is one of the crucial factors in anticipating rollover. The center of gravity can be affected by the weight of the load and the speed at which the forklift operates. The forklift dynamic model is developed here by considering the calculated center of gravity and the lateral transfer ratio (LTR). A linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and model predictive control (MPC) are then employed to stabilize and regulate the LTR at zero. The simulation results of a case study show that LQR and MPC may avoid rollover with a relatively fast response when the forklift has half loads and slow movements.
Online Data-Driven Safety Certification for Systems Subject to Unknown Disturbances

Deploying autonomous systems in safety critical settings necessitates methods to verify their safety properties. This is challenging because real-world systems may be subject to disturbances that affect their performance, but are unknown a priori. This work develops a safety-verification strategy wherein data is collected online and incorporated into a reachability analysis approach to check in real-time that the system avoids dangerous regions of the state space. Specifically, we employ an optimization-based moving horizon estimator (MHE) to characterize the disturbance affecting the system, which is incorporated into an online reachability calculation. Reachable sets are calculated using a computational graph analysis tool to predict the possible future states of the system and verify that they satisfy safety constraints. We include theoretical arguments proving our approach generates reachable sets that bound the future states of the system, as well as numerical results demonstrating how it can be used for safety verification. Finally, we present results from hardware experiments demonstrating our approach's ability to perform online reachability calculations for an unmanned surface vehicle subject to currents and actuator failures.
PAM-HC: A Bayesian Nonparametric Construction of Hybrid Control for Randomized Clinical Trials Using External Data

It is highly desirable to borrow information from external data to augment a control arm in a randomized clinical trial, especially in settings where the sample size for the control arm is limited. However, a main challenge in borrowing information from external data is to accommodate potential heterogeneous subpopulations across the external and trial data. We apply a Bayesian nonparametric model called Plaid Atoms Model (PAM) to identify overlapping and unique subpopulations across datasets, with which we restrict the information borrowing to the common subpopulations. This forms a hybrid control (HC) that leads to more precise estimation of treatment effects Simulation studies demonstrate the robustness of the new method, and an application to an Atopic Dermatitis dataset shows improved treatment effect estimation.
Cluster Synchronization as a Mechanism of Free Recall in Working Memory Networks

This article studies free recall, i.e., the reactivation of stored memory items, namely <italic>patterns</italic>, in any order, of a model of working memory. Our free recall model is based on a biologically plausible modular neural network composed of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H$</tex-math></inline-formula> modules, namely <italic>hypercolumns</italic>, each of which is a bundle of <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$</tex-math></inline-formula> <italic>minicolumns</italic>. The coupling weights and constant bias values of the network are determined by a Hebbian plasticity rule. Using techniques from nonlinear stability theory, we show that cluster synchronization is the central mechanism governing free recall of orthogonally encoded patterns. Particularly, we show that free recall's cluster synchronization is the combination of two main mechanisms: simultaneous activities of minicolumns representing an encoded pattern, i.e., within-pattern synchronization, together with time-divided activities of minicolumns representing different patterns. We characterize the coupling and bias value conditions under which cluster synchronization emerges. We also discuss the role of heterogeneous coupling weights and bias values of minicolumns' dynamics in free recall. Specifically, we compare the behaviour of two <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$H \times 2$</tex-math></inline-formula> networks with identical and non-identical coupling weights and bias values. For these two networks, we obtain bounds on couplings and bias values under which both encoded patterns are recalled. Our analysis shows that having non-identical couplings and bias values for different patterns increases the possibility of their free recall. Numerical simulations are given to validate the theoretical analysis.
Repurposing Drugs for Inhibition against ALDH2 via a 2D/3D Ligand-Based Similarity Search and Molecular Simulation

Aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) is a crucial enzyme participating in intracellular aldehyde metabolism and is acknowledged as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of alcohol use disorder and other addictive behaviors. Using previously reported ALDH2 inhibitors of Daidzin, CVT-10216, and CHEMBL114083 as reference molecules, here we perform a ligand-based virtual screening of world-approved drugs via 2D/3D similarity search methods, followed by the assessments of molecular docking, toxicity prediction, molecular simulation, and the molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area (MM–PBSA) analysis. The 2D molecular fingerprinting of ECFP4 and FCFP4 and 3D molecule-shape-based USRCAT methods show good performances in selecting compounds with a strong binding behavior with ALDH2. Three compounds of Zeaxanthin (q = 0), Troglitazone (q = 0), and Sequinavir (q = +1 e) are singled out as potential inhibitors; Zeaxanthin can only be hit via USRCAT. These drugs displayed a stronger binding strength compared to the reported potent inhibitor CVT-10216. Sarizotan (q = +1 e) and Netarsudil (q = 0/+1 e) displayed a strong binding strength with ALDH2 as well, whereas they displayed a shallow penetration into the substrate-binding tunnel of ALDH2 and could not fully occupy it. This likely left a space for substrate binding, and thus they were not ideal inhibitors. The MM–PBSA results indicate that the selected negatively charged compounds from the similarity search and Vina scoring are thermodynamically unfavorable, mainly due to electrostatic repulsion with the receptor (q = −6 e for ALDH2). The electrostatic attraction with positively charged compounds, however, yielded very strong binding results with ALDH2. These findings reveal a deficiency in the modeling of electrostatic interactions (in particular, between charged moieties) in the virtual screening via the 2D/3D similarity search and molecular docking with the Vina scoring system.
Monitoring Small Area Growth with GIS

This paper presents a technique of monitoring small area growth with GIS. Monitoring growth of small areas, including census tracts, blocks, or traffic analysis zones, becomes an important tool in measuring changes in small area plans(e.g., transit oriented development: TOD). Although geo-coded databases have become more popular and easily accessible in recent days, most available data is still spatially aggregated. The raster cell can be developed as a spatial base unit for monitoring small area growth. Spatially aggregated small area data is disaggregated into raster cells using land use information from both aerial photographs and local general plans. This study uses the land use weighted interpolation to develop uneven and more accurate distribution of the socioeconomic estimates within the census tract of the City of Los Angeles. This paper also discusses how to monitor the changing size and spatial distribution of small area household growth, specifically in and around the TOD areas. This study concludes that the raster cell approach toward developing socioeconomic estimates and forecast at the small area level might play an important role in making an efficient analysis and assessment of urban planning and policy, and requires further research.
Choice of Nanoparticles for Theranostics Engineering: Surface Coating to Nanovalves Approach

Surface engineered nanoparticles (metallic and nonmetallic) have gained tremendous attention for precise imaging and therapeutics of cell/tumors at molecular and anatomic levels. These tiny agents have shown their specific physicochemical properties for early-stage disease diagnosis and cancer theranostics applications (imaging and therapeutics by a single system). For example, gold nanorods (AuNRs) demonstrate better photothermal response and radiodensity for theranostics applications. However, upon near infrared light exposure these AuNRs lose their optical property which is characteristic of phototherapy of cancer. To overcome this issue, silica coating is a safe choice for nanorods which not only stabilizes them but also provides extra space for cargo loading and makes them multifunctional in cancer theranostics applications. On the other hand, various small molecules have been coated on the surface of nanoparticles (organic, inorganic, and biological) which improve their biocompatibility, blood circulation time, specific biodistribution and tumor binding ability. A few of them have been reached in clinical trials, but, struggling with FDA approval due to engineering and biological barriers. Moreover, nanoparticles also face various challenges of reliability, reproducibility, degradation, tumor entry and exit in translational research. On the other hand, cargo carrier nanoparticles have been facing critical issues of premature leakage of loaded cargo either anticancer drug or imaging probes. Hence, various gate keepers (quantum dots to supramolecules) known nanovalves have been engineered on the pore opening of the cargo systems. Here, a review on the evolution of nanoparticles and their choice for diagnostics and therapeutics applications has been discussed. In this context, basic requirements of multifunctional theranostics design for targeted imaging and therapy have been highlighted and with several challenges. Major hurdles experienced in the surface engineering routes (coating to nanovalves approach) and limitations of the designed theranostics such as poor biocompatibility, low photostability, non-specific targeting, low cargo capacity, poor biodegradation and lower theranostics efficiency are discussed in-depth. The current scenario of theranostics systems and their multifunctional applications have been presented in this article.
Contribution of the LAC Genes in Fruit Quality Attributes of the Fruit-Bearing Plants: A Comprehensive Review

Laccase genes produce laccase enzymes that play a crucial role in the production of lignin and oxidation reactions within plants. Lignin is a complex polymer that provides structure and toughness to the cell walls of numerous fruit plants. The LAC genes that encode laccase enzymes play vital roles in plant physiology, including the synthesis of pigments like PA that contribute to the colors of fruits, and in defending against pathogens and environmental stresses. They are crucial for fruit development, ripening, structural maintenance in plants, and adaptation to various environmental factors. As such, these genes and enzymes are essential for plant growth and development, as well as for various biotechnological applications in environmental remediation and industrial processes. This review article emphasizes the significance of genes encoding laccase enzymes during fruit growth, specifically pertaining to the strengthening of the endocarp through lignification. This process is crucial for ensuring fruit defense and optimizing seed scattering. The information gathered in this article will aid breeders in producing future fruit-bearing plants that are resistant to disease, cost-effective, and nutrient-rich.
Calcium Prevents Enhanced Degradation of Factor VIII in the Condition of Motion

Simple Summary In the present work, calcium was found to prevent degradation of factor VIII during intermittent motion. In addition, calcium supplementation in drinking water consumed by mice increased factor VIII in blood and striated muscle. The clinical relevance of this work is that oral calcium may be evaluated as a potential supportive therapy in hemophilia patients. Another aspect is that food additives with calcium may increase factor VIII level, which is known to contribute to both arterial and venous thrombosis. Abstract Background: Hemophilia A and B induce recurrent bleeding episodes, mainly in skeletal muscles and joints that are in intermittent motion. We have previously demonstrated that intermittent motion contributes to increased degradation of factors VIII and IX. Objectives: Given that calcium ions are known to enhance factor VIII–von Willebrand factor (vWF) interaction, the present study has investigated the role of these ions on factors VIII and IX in the condition of motion. Methods: The effects of calcium ions were assessed using purified proteins via Western blot, factor VIII activity, immunocytochemistry, and in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice with no specific genetic background. Results: Calcium was found to prevent degradation of plasma-derived factor VIII but not that of factor IX, during intermittent motion. Calcium levels in the microcirculation of mouse striated muscles were elevated following movement, enabling prevention of factor VIII degradation in normal physiology. Calcium supplementation in drinking water increased factor VIII levels in blood and striated muscles of ICR mice during movement. Conclusions: calcium ions decrease factor VIII degradation in the condition of motion. Further research on the impact of calcium salt oral supplementation on hemophilia patients is warranted.
Estimating Seismic Energy Release and Surface Area Generation: Implications for Interpreting Hydraulic Fracture Behavior

During hydraulic fracture stimulations in shale, the activation of pre-existing fractures plays an important role in the development of the discrete fracture network. Understanding the behavior of the fracture network allows for the potential of incorporating the observed fracture network into reservoir models necessitating the identification of fracture behavior over a wide magnitude scale -3 < M < +3. Here, we discuss seismic events that were recorded by a multi-array multi-level network consisting of high frequency geophones located near the reservoir and arrays of accelerometers and low-frequency geophones deployed near the surface. The hybrid system captures a larger bandwidth, allowing for the integrated analysis of the source signal at various scales. Comparatively speaking, our observations suggest that the larger scale events identified on the near-surface network contribute upwards of 80% of the overall seismic budget or seismic energy release associated with the stimulation process. Additionally, these events accounted for a further 11,870 m 2 of activated fracture surface area, approximately 10,295 m 2 more than would have been estimated from the downhole array alone. Overall, the identification of the actual discrete fracture network over many size scales allows for a better understanding of the fracturing processes associated with stimulations. Figure 1. Plan (left) and depth (right) views of the treatment wells and monitoring geometry for the hydraulic stimulation discussed. A combination of surface stations (SS 1-8) consisting of force-balanced accelerometers and 4.5 Hz geophones and a downhole array comprised of 15 Hz elements were used to monitor the completion of the pad. Figure 2. Events detected during the hydraulic fracture completion include several larger magnitude (red) events with signals that are strong enough to be detected on the surface
SLA-SCA: Secure and Lightweight Authentication and Key Agreement Mechanism for Smart City Applications

The notion of a smart city is a modern concept characterized by the widespread integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) across various facets of urban life, including healthcare, traffic management, agriculture, and more. This establishes real-time communication and data exchange between all users, servers and devices through the Internet. As we begin to discuss communication between parties, one must also recognize the imperative need for this exchange to be secure and private, as such exchanges are extremely vulnerable to attacks such as man-in-the-middle and replay attacks and even situations like compromising of anonymity during exchanges. This paper focuses on finding an innovative solution to the same challenge. It proposes a mechanism to establish secure communication between the smart IoT devices and the connected cloud servers through a secure mutual authentication and key establishment process with a short name “SLA-SCA”. The security analysis of the proposed SLA-SCA is done, which proves its resilience against the various potential attacks of such a communication. The proposed SLA-SCA outperformed the other existing schemes regarding important security and functionality features.
Ocean Basin Evolution and Global-Scale Plate Reorganization Events Since Pangea Breakup

We present a revised global plate motion model with continuously closing plate boundaries ranging from the Triassic at 230 Ma to the present day, assess differences among alternative absolute plate motion models, and review global tectonic events. Relatively high mean absolute plate motion rates of approximately 9–10 cm yr^(−1) between 140 and 120 Ma may be related to transient plate motion accelerations driven by the successive emplacement of a sequence of large igneous provinces during that time. An event at ∼100 Ma is most clearly expressed in the Indian Ocean and may reflect the initiation of Andean-style subduction along southern continental Eurasia, whereas an acceleration at ∼80 Ma of mean rates from 6 to 8 cm yr^(−1) reflects the initial northward acceleration of India and simultaneous speedups of plates in the Pacific. An event at ∼50 Ma expressed in relative, and some absolute, plate motion changes around the globe and in a reduction of global mean plate speeds from about 6 to 4–5 cm yr^(−1) indicates that an increase in collisional forces (such as the India–Eurasia collision) and ridge subduction events in the Pacific (such as the Izanagi–Pacific Ridge) play a significant role in modulating plate velocities.