Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Domain Nanotechnology in Lithium Niobate and Lithium Tantalate Crystals

The recent achievements in study and interpretation of the formation of self-assembled nanodomain structures in the single crystals of lithium niobate and lithium tantalate under the highly non-equilibrium switching conditions have been reviewed. The experimentally used switching conditions include: 1) spontaneous backswitching, 2) modification of the surface layers, and 3) pulse laser irradiation. Various evolution scenarios of nanoscale structures consisting of the oriented chains of isolated nanodomains and the growth of nanodomain rays have been revealed and discussed. It is confirmed that the screening ineffectiveness and switching field value unambiguously determined the proper scenario of domain evolution.
An analytical method of a planar parametric transformer based on the magnetic circuit model

A planar parametric transformer (5 mm/spl times/7 mm size) has various desirable features including excellent voltage regulation, overload protection, and noise rejection. In this paper, the no load performance of the parametric transformer is analyzed. A nonlinear second-order differential equation with time-varying coefficients is set up from the parametric oscillation circuit, and is solved by the harmonic balance method. The calculated values agreed approximately with the experimental ones.
Compact circular sector and annular sector dielectric resonator antennas

We investigate circular sector and annular sector dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) geometries. The advantage these geometries offer, compared to conventional circular cylindrical DRAs are significant reductions in volume, making them potential candidates for use in compact applications such as mobile communication handsets. Approximate theory, simulation, and experimental results are provided to support the findings. In particular, a sector DRA is demonstrated to have 75% less volume than a conventional cylindrical DRA, with the same resonant frequency. The DRA volume minimization for compact antenna design is also discussed and a design is proposed and tested for a mobile telephone handset suitable for the DCS1800 system.
Medication Dosing Schedules, Medication Knowledge, and Dosing Errors of Adults Taking Complex Drug Regimens

Abstract:This study examined how patients take complex medication regimens at home. Participants were primary care patients, 21 years or older, and prescribed three or more medications. Interviews assessed medication dosing schedules, medication knowledge, and dosing errors. Participants (N=441) were middle aged (mean 56.9); the majority were Hispanic/Latino (73.4%), had limited English proficiency (59.0%), and had limited health literacy (89.0%). One in five participants dosed medication five or more times per day, although no participants in the sample had a label instructing them to take medication more than times times daily. On average, participants correctly identified the purpose of 65% of their medications. Half of participants made one or more dosing errors. Less than high school education and a regimen size of six or more medications were independently associated with less medication knowledge, whereas language discordant label instructions were associated with dosing errors. Screening for regimen dosing complication and interventions to simplify dosing schedules are needed.
Intestinal abnormality detection from endoscopic images

A method for the detecting the possible presence of abnormality during the endoscopy of the lower gastro-intestinal system is presented. Image contours corresponding to haustra creases in the colon are extracted and curvature of each contour is computed after non-parametric smoothing. Zero-crossings of curvature along the contour are then detected. The presence of abnormality is identified when there is a contour segment between two zero-crossings having the opposite curvature signs to those of the two neighboring contour segments. Results show that the proposed method for detecting the possible presence of abnormality such as polyps and tumors is feasible.
Features for texture segmentation using Gabor filters

This work presents a method of extracting texture features from a Gabor transform data block and the application of these features for texture segmentation by clustering feature vectors. For a given image, 16 Gabor features using Gabor kernels with four scales and four orientations are computed. Filtered images are computed by using a Gabor filter bank on a 32/spl times/32 windowed neighborhood for each pixel of the image. Texture features are obtained by computing the 'energy' in the window for each pixel from the filtered images. A clustering algorithm is used to group the vectors based on their distribution in feature space. By clustering Gabor features, it is possible to segment an image into uniform regions. Experimental results demonstrate that features extracted using the proposed approach have excellent discriminating power.
On Certain Fredholm Integral Equations Reducible to Initial Value Problems

Nonlinear initial value problems (of a rather unusual nature) will be obtained which have as their solutions so(x) and so(y). From these values Sp(z) may be found by solving another related initial value problem. The equations derived are amenable to numerical treatment and may very well provide advantages over the more customary direct methods of computing $o(z) from (1.1). The representation (1.2) actually encompasses a very large class of kernels. If, for example, a(s) = s, we have the usual Laplace transform. Kernels expressed in terms of such Laplace integrals arise often in transport theory. A problem in gas dynamics analyzed in [10] involves a kernel represenited in this way. Again, if a(s) = -log s, then K is a Mellin transform. We shall also find that a(s) = i log s is admissible in our theory, and this leads to a Fourier integral:
Calculation of Body Waves, for Caustics and Tunnelling in Core Phases

Summary The known failure of classical ray theory at caustics has led to a reconsideration of displacement (in the frequency domain), expressed as an integral over ray parameter p. The integrand contains saddle-points on the real p-axis which correspond to rays for the associated physical problem, and it is shown here that direct computation of the complex integral is still straightforward, even when two saddle-points (rays) have coalesced to form a caustic. WKBJ theory is still usable for the vertical wave-functions, but one may avoid both the Taylor series expansion for the phase, and the steepest-descents approximation. Attention is first directed towards the PKKP caustic near 119°, to calculations of both amplitude and the phase slowness (dT/dδ) as a function of frequency, and to a criticism of some uses of plane wave reflection coefficients across the core-mantle boundary. It is then shown that short-period P-wave energy is efficiently tunnelled into and out of the Earth'score, from body waves having their turning point just above the core-mantle boundary. This provides an explanation for observations of multiply reflected core phases, PmKP with m > 2, which are found usually at distances beyond the cutoff one would expect from requiring real angles of incidence (∼ 90°) from mantle to core. To obtain body wave pulse shapes in the time domain, a method is described which appears to offer some strong advantages over Cagniard-de Hoop inversion.
A class of variational strain‐localization finite elements

We present a class of finite elements for capturing sub‐grid localization processes such as shear bands and void sheets. The elements take the form of a double surface and deform in accordance with an arbitrary constitutive law. In particular they allow for the development of displacement and velocity jumps across volume element boundaries. The thickness of the localized zone is set by an additional field variable which is determined variationally. The localization elements are inserted, and become active, only when localized deformations become energetically favourable. The implementation presented in this work is three‐dimensional and allows for finite deformations. The versatility and predictive ability of the method are demonstrated through a simple shear test and the simulation of the dynamic impact of a pre‐notched C300 steel sample by a steel projectile. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Engaging Stakeholders to Improve Care for Adults with Complex Health and Social Needs during a Public Health Emergency

Abstract:A public health emergency such as the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates the already challenging environment facing adults with complex health and social needs (ACHSN) and the systems of care that support them. Between September 2020 and April 2021, 51 participants representing six different stakeholder groups were engaged using interviews, asynchronous Delphi surveys, and a virtual stakeholder meeting to learn from their perspectives about the greatest needs and possible solutions affecting ACHSN populations during the COVID-19 pandemic and to develop a prioritized research agenda to improve care for ACHSN populations. Mental health and financial concerns were strongly and consistently endorsed as the most important issues. Future research priorities identified included both macro systems research such as testing alternative state-level models of payment for physical and mental health care and research that could be conducted at a local level (such as identifying needs for patient care navigation services and testing models of care navigation).
CALIPSO Lidar Calibration Algorithms. Part I: Nighttime 532-nm Parallel Channel and 532-nm Perpendicular Channel

Abstract The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) mission was launched in April 2006 and has continuously acquired collocated multisensor observations of the spatial and optical properties of clouds and aerosols in the earth’s atmosphere. The primary payload aboard CALIPSO is the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), which makes range-resolved measurements of elastic backscatter at 532 and 1064 nm and linear depolarization ratios at 532 nm. CALIOP measurements are important in reducing uncertainties that currently limit understanding of the global climate system, and it is essential that these measurements be accurately calibrated. This work describes the procedures used to calibrate the 532-nm measurements acquired during the nighttime portions of the CALIPSO orbits. Accurate nighttime calibration of the 532-nm parallel-channel data is fundamental to the success of the CALIOP measurement scheme, because the nighttime calibration is used to infer.
Identification of Wiener-type nonlinear systems in a noisy environment

Wiener systems are widely encountered in engineering and science applications. This paper proposes a straightforward approach to the identification of Wiener systems in a noisy environment. The obtained models are represented in terms of the frequency response for the linear subsystem and the inverse of the static nonlinearity. A variety of input excitation signals, including random binary and periodic, can be used with the proposed method. Simulation studies using a pH neutralization continuous stirred tank reactor show that excellent results are obtained with relatively short data lengths.
Particle swarm optimization applied to solving and appraising the streaming-potential inverse problem

Waterflowinthesubsoilgenerateselectricalcurrentsmeasurable at the ground surface with the self-potential SP method. These measured potentials, which result from hydroelectric coupling, are called streaming potentials and are wellcorrelatedwiththegeometryofthewatertable.Theparticleswarmalgorithmcanbeusedtoestimatethewater-table elevation from SP data measured at the ground surface. The basic idea behind particle swarm optimization PSO is that each model searches the model space according to its misfit history and the misfit of the other models particles of the swarm. PSO is a simple, robust, and versatile algorithm with a very good convergence ratetypically before 3000 forward runs, and it can explore a large model space without being time consuming. Based on samples gathered in a low-misfit area,wehavecomputedafastapproximationoftheposterior distribution of the water table, the electrokinetic coupling constant, and the reference hydraulic head.Although PSO is astochasticsearchtechnique,ourconvergenceresults,based onthestabilityofparticletrajectories,specifyclearcriteriato tunePSOparameters.
The theory of strained-layer quantum-well lasers with bandgap renormalization

A theoretical model for the strained-layer quantum-well laser is presented taking into account the valence-band mixing and the bandgap renormalization. Our theoretical approach for the electronic properties is based on the Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian, including the strains and the carrier-induced bandgap shifts using the Hartree-Fock approximation. The effects of the biaxial compressive and tensile strains on the gain, the output characteristics, the bandgap renormalization, and the modulation response of strained-layer quantum-well lasers are studied. We present new results incorporating the many-body effects in the form of the bandgap renormalization with the valence-band mixing and the multisubband effects. It is found that the bandgap renormalization depends strongly on the nature of strain applied to the quantum well. The differential gain that determines the upper frequency limit of the direct current modulation is calculated from the total derivative of the equigain surface with respect to the carrier- and the photon-densities near the threshold condition. Our approach to the differential gain yields reasonable agreement between theory and experiment for the 3-dB modulation bandwidth. Both InGaAs-AlGaAs and InGaAs-InP strained quantum-well systems are considered. >
The histone chaperone activity of SPT2 controls chromatin structure and function in Metazoa

Histone chaperones control nucleosome density and chromatin structure. In yeast, the H3-H4 chaperone Spt2 controls histone deposition at active genes but its roles in metazoan chromatin structure and organismal physiology are not known. Here we identify the Caenorhabditis elegans orthologue of SPT2 (CeSPT-2) and show that its ability to bind histones H3-H4 is important for germline development and transgenerational epigenetic gene silencing, and that spt-2 mutants display signatures of a global stress response. Genome-wide profiling showed that CeSPT-2 binds to a range of highly expressed genes, and we find that spt-2 mutants have increased chromatin accessibility at these loci. We also show that human SPT2 controls the incorporation of new H3.3 into chromatin. Our work reveals roles for SPT2 in controlling chromatin structure and function in Metazoa.
BCM PDX Portal: An Intuitive Web-based Tool for Patient-Derived Xenograft Collection Management, as well as Visual Integration of Clinical and Omics Data

Objective Mouse Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) models are essential tools for evaluating experimental therapeutics. Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) established a PDX Core to provide technical support and infrastructure for PDX-based research. To manage PDX collections effectively, de-identified patient clinical and omics data, as well as PDX-related information and omics data, must be curated and stored. Data must then be analyzed and visualized for each case. To enhance PDX collection management and data dissemination, the BCM Biomedical Informatics Core created the BCM PDX Portal (https://pdxportal.research.bcm.edu/). Materials and Methods Patient clinical data are abstracted from medical records for each PDX and stored in a central database. Annotations are reviewed by a clinician and de-identified. PDX development method and biomarker expression are annotated. DNAseq, RNAseq, and proteomics data are processed through standardized pipelines and stored. PDX gene expression (mRNA/protein), copy number alterations, and mutations can be searched in combination with clinical markers to identify models potentially useful as a PDX cohort. Results PDX collection management and PDX selection of models for drug evaluation are facilitated using the PDX Portal. Discussion To improve the translational effectiveness of PDX models, it is beneficial to use a tool that captures and displays multiple features of the patient clinical and molecular data. Selection of models for studies should be representative of the patient cohort from which they originated. Conclusion The BCM PDX Portal is a highly effective PDX collection management tool allowing data access in a visual, intuitive manner thereby enhancing the utility of PDX collections.
LS-based training algorithm for neural networks

A new training algorithm is presented as a faster alternative to the backpropagation (BP) method. The new approach is based on the solution of a linear system at each step of the learning phase. The squared error at the output of each layer before the nonlinearity is minimized on the entire set of the learning patterns by a block least squares (LS) algorithm. The optimal weights for each layer are then computed by using the singular value decomposition (SVD) technique. The simulation results show considerable improvements from the point of view of both accuracy and speed of convergence. <<ETX>>
The Ejection of Runaway Massive Binaries

Abstract The runaway O-type stars HD 14633 and HD 15137 are both SB1 systems that were probably ejected from the open cluster NGC 654. Were these stars dynamically ejected by close gravitational encounters in the dense cluster, or did the binaries each receive a kick from a supernova in one member? We present new results from our investigation of the optical, X-ray, and radio properties of these binary systems to discuss the probable ejection scenarios. We argue that these binaries may have been ejected via dynamical interactions in the dense cluster environment.
Computation of unsteady viscous incompressible flows in generalized non‐inertial co‐ordinate system using Godunov‐projection method and overlapping meshes

Time‐dependent incompressible Navier–Stokes equations are formulated in generalized non‐inertial co‐ordinate system and numerically solved by using a modified second‐order Godunov‐projection method on a system of overlapped body‐fitted structured grids. The projection method uses a second‐order fractional step scheme in which the momentum equation is solved to obtain the intermediate velocity field which is then projected on to the space of divergence‐free vector fields. The second‐order Godunov method is applied for numerically approximating the non‐linear convection terms in order to provide a robust discretization for simulating flows at high Reynolds number. In order to obtain the pressure field, the pressure Poisson equation is solved. Overlapping grids are used to discretize the flow domain so that the moving‐boundary problem can be solved economically. Numerical results are then presented to demonstrate the performance of this projection method for a variety of unsteady two‐ and three‐dimensional flow problems formulated in the non‐inertial co‐ordinate systems. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The stellar populations of host galaxies of supernovae

Abstract We study and compare the stellar populations of host galaxies of different types of supernovae (SNe): SN Ia and core collapse SN (SN II and SN Ibc) at the same time. The 234 sample galaxies are selected by cross-matching the Asiago Supernova Catalogue (ASC) and the SDSS-DR7 main galaxy sample (MGS). The STARLIGHT software is used to analyze their stellar populations by fitting the continua and absorption lines of the hosts.
Calibrating camera and projector arrays for immersive 3D display

Advances in building high-performance camera arrays [1, 12] have opened the opportunity - and challenge - of using these devices for autostereoscopic display of live 3D content. Appropriate autostereo display requires calibration of these camera elements and those of the display facility for accurate placement (and perhaps resampling) of the acquired video stream. We present progress in exploiting a new approach to this calibration that capitalizes on high quality homographies between pairs of imagers to develop a global optimal solution delivering epipoles and fundamental matrices simultaneously for the entire system [2]. Adjustment of the determined camera models to deliver minimal vertical misalignment in an epipolar sense is used to permit ganged rectification of the separate streams for transitive positioning in the visual field. Individual homographies [6] are obtained for a projector array that presents the video on a holographically-diffused retroreflective surface for participant autostereo viewing. The camera model adjustment means vertical epipolar disparities of the captured signal are minimized, and the projector calibration means the display will retain these alignments despite projector pose variations. The projector calibration also permits arbitrary alignment shifts to accommodate focus-of-attention vengeance, should that information be available.
Weakly nonlinear versus semi-linear models of the nonlinear evolution of the centrifugal instability

Abstract We carry out a weakly nonlinear analysis of the centrifugal instability for a columnar vortex in a rotating fluid, and compare the results to those of the semi-linear model derived empirically by Yim et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 897, 2020, A34). The asymptotic analysis assumes that the Reynolds number is close to the instability threshold so that the perturbation is only marginally unstable. This leads to two coupled equations that govern the evolutions of the amplitude of the perturbation and of the mean flow under the effect of the Reynolds stresses due to the perturbation. These equations differ from the Stuart–Landau amplitude equation or coupled amplitude equations involving a mean field that have been derived previously. In particular, the amplitude does not saturate to a constant as in the supercritical Stuart–Landau equation, but decays afterwards reflecting the instability disappearance when the mean flow tends toward a neutrally stable profile in the direct numerical simulations (DNS). These equations resemble those of the semi-linear model except that the perturbation in the weakly nonlinear model keeps at leading order the structure of the eigenmode of the unperturbed base flow. The predictions of the weakly nonlinear equations are compared to those of the semi-linear model and to DNS for the Rossby number $Ro=-4$ and various Reynolds numbers and wavenumbers. They are in good agreement with the DNS when the growth rate is sufficiently small. However, the agreement deteriorates and becomes only qualitative for parameters away from the marginal values, whereas the semi-linear model continues to be in better agreement with the DNS.
A stress‐based least‐squares finite‐element model for incompressible Navier–Stokes equations

In this paper we present a stress‐based least‐squares finite‐element formulation for the solution of the Navier–Stokes equations governing flows of viscous incompressible fluids. Stress components are introduced as independent variables to make the system first order. Continuity equation becomes an algebraic equation and is eliminated from the system with suitable modifications. The h and p convergence are verified using the exact solution of Kovasznay flow. Steady flow past a large circular cylinder in a channel is solved to test mass conservation. Transient flow over a backward‐facing step problem is solved on several meshes. Results are compared with that obtained using vorticity‐based first‐order formulation for both benchmark problems. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.