Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acetylation of hMOF Modulates H4K16ac to Regulate DNA Repair Genes in Response to Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress is considered to be a key risk state for a variety of human diseases. In response to oxidative stress, the regulation of transcriptional expression of DNA repair genes would be important to DNA repair and genomic stability. However, the overall pattern of transcriptional expression of DNA repair genes and the underlying molecular response mechanism to oxidative stress remain unclear. Here, by employing colorectal cancer cell lines following exposure to hydrogen peroxide, we generated expression profiles of DNA repair genes via RNA-seq and identified gene subsets that are induced or repressed following oxidative stress exposure. RRBS-seq analyses further indicated that transcriptional regulation of most of the DNA repair genes that were induced or repressed is independent of their DNA methylation status. Our analyses also indicate that hydrogen peroxide induces deacetylase SIRT1 which decreases chromatin affinity and the activity of histone acetyltransferase hMOF toward H4K16ac and results in decreased transcriptional expression of DNA repair genes. Taken together, our findings provide a potential mechanism by which oxidative stress suppresses DNA repair genes which is independent of the DNA methylation status of their promoters.
Speech Enhancement Under Low SNR Conditions Via Noise Estimation Using Sparse and Low-Rank NMF with Kullback–Leibler Divergence

A key stage in speech enhancement is noise estimation which usually requires prior models for speech or noise or both. However, prior models can sometimes be difficult to obtain. In this paper, without any prior knowledge of speech and noise, sparse and low-rank nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) with Kullback-Leibler divergence is proposed to noise and speech estimation by decomposing the input noisy magnitude spectrogram into a low-rank noise part and a sparse speech-like part. This initial unsupervised speech-noise estimation allows us to set a subsequent regularized version of NMF or convolutional NMF to reconstruct the noise and speech spectrogram, either by estimating a speech dictionary on the fly (categorized as unsupervised approaches) or by using a pre-trained speech dictionary on utterances with disjoint speakers (categorized as semi-supervised approaches). Information fusion was investigated by taking the geometric mean of the outputs from multiple enhancement algorithms. The performance of the algorithms were evaluated on five metrics (PESQ, SDR, SNR, STOI, and OVERALL) by making experiments on TIMIT with 15 noise types. The geometric means of the proposed unsupervised approaches outperformed spectral subtraction (SS), minimum mean square estimation (MMSE) under low input SNR conditions. All the proposed semi-supervised approaches showed superiority over SS and MMSE and also obtained better performance than the state-of-the-art algorithms which utilized a prior noise or speech dictionary under low SNR conditions.
The proper motion of the neutron star RXJ1856.5‐3754 as measured by optical and X‐ray imaging

The proper motion of the faint (V=25.6 mag) neutron star RXJ1856.5-3754 as measured consistently with both the FORS1 optical imager on the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT) as well as with the ROSAT High Resolution Imager is presented. With two VLT images obtained with a 0.95 year epoch difference in Apr 1999 and Apr 2000, a proper motion of mu_alpha = 0.326 \pm 0.064" per year to the east and no detectable motion in declination is found, consistent with simultaneous findings by Walter (2001) using three HST observations. Also, by comparing the positional differences between the strong X-ray source RXJ1856.5-3754 and other X-ray sources detected in the same ROSAT High Resolution Imager field (observed in Oct 1994 and Oct 1997), a proper motion of 0.34 \pm 0.12" to the east is detected. This may be the first star, where a proper motion is clearly detected in X-ray images. Additional VLT images taken in half-year intervalls give an upper limit to the parallax of about 51 mas. Furthermore, in archived VLT observations, the first B-band detection of this object is found with B=25.14 \pm 0.41 mag.
Had a Dream : AAAI Presidential Address , 19 August 1985

Twenty-five years ago I had a dream, a daydream, if you will. A dream shared with many of you. I dreamed of a special kind of computer, which had eyes and ears and arms and legs, in addition to its “brain. ” I did not dream that this new computer friend would be a means of making money for me or my employer or a help for my country-though I loved my country then and still do, and I have no objection to making money. I did not even dream of such a worthy cause as helping the poor and handicapped of the world using this marvelous new machine. No, my dream was filled with the wild excitement of seeing a machine act like a human being, at least in many ways. I wanted it to read printed characters on a page and handwritten script as well. I could see it! or a part of it: in a small camera that would fit on my glasses, with an attached earplug that would whisper into my ear the names of my friends and acquaintances as I met them on the street. Or in a telephone that allowed me to converse with a friend in Germany, he in German and me in English. For you see, my computer friend had the ability to recognize faces, synthesize voice, understand spoken sentences, and translate languages, and things like that. 1’11 admit that in 1960 my computer person had a much larger head than I envision for it now. Because I then didn’t know about microcomputers. My dream computer person liked to walk and play Ping-Pong, especially with me. And I liked to teach it things-because it could learn dexterity skills as well as mental concepts. And much more. When I awoke from this daydream, I found that we didn’t have these things, but we did have some remarkable computers, even then, so I decided then and there to quit
The Relevance of Envy Freeness as Fairness Criterion

This paper evaluates how relevant envy freeness (Foley 1967) is as an empirical concept of fairness. Several versions of an indivisible-good fair division problem are evaluated in a survey questionnaire. Participants had to determine the fairest allocations of the objects among individuals with different preferences. Each problem features two allocations that are identical in all aspects but envy freeness. Across all treatments and versions of the problem, the envy free allocation is chosen 3.5 times as frequently as the allocation with envy. However, as is shown, only some these choices are based on a conscious use of the criterion of envy freeness. The relevance of other criteria for the choice of the envy free allocation is evaluated.
A basic stochastic network calculus

A basic calculus is presented for stochastic service guarantee analysis in communication networks. Central to the calculus are two definitions, maximum-(virtual)-backlog-centric (m. b. c) stochastic arrival curve and stochastic service curve, which respectively generalize arrival curve and service curve in the deterministic network calculus framework. With m. b. c stochastic arrival curve and stochastic service curve, various basic results are derived under the (min, +)algebra for the general case analysis, which are crucial to the development of stochastic network calculus. These results include (i)superposition of flows, (ii)concatenation of servers, (iii) output characterization, (iv)per-flow service under aggregation, and (v)stochastic backlog and delay guarantees. In addition, to perform independent case analysis, stochastic strict server is defined, which uses an ideal service process and an impairment process to characterize a server. The concept of stochastic strict server not only allows us to improve the basic results (i)-(v)under the independent case, but also provides a convenient way to find the stochastic service curve of a serve. Moreover, an approach is introduced to find the m.b. c stochastic arrival curve of a flow and the stochastic service curve of a server.
Marco conceptual para el análisis de la oferta sanitaria

El articulo analiza la organizacion de la atencion sanitaria publica en Espana, mediante un marco conceptual que permite integrar los aspectos mas relevantes de la misma. Asimismo, se profundiza en los aspectos organizativos de los hospitales descritos como Burocracias Profesionales, Meritocracias y Organizaciones Intensivas en Conocimientos, aspectos que condicionan la gestion de los mismos. Finalmente, mediante las aportaciones de la teoria de los Recursos y Capacidades se concluye que la gestion sanitaria implica la gestion del conocimiento que reside en el capital humano altamente especializado, el capital organizativo acumulado y la reputacion conseguida con el paso del tiempo, todo ello en un entorno tecnologico de alta complejidad y elevado dinamismo. How public health is organized in Spain is analyzed through using a theoretical framework which includes the most relevant issues regarding this topic. Likewise, this paper deals with organizational aspects from hospitals which determine the way they are managed, such as Professional Bureaucracies, Meritocracies, and Knowledge-Intensive Organizations. Finally, drawing on Resource-Based View contributions, this article concludes that health management, which occurs in a technological, highly complex and dynamic environment, involves the management of knowledge derived from three sources: highly specialized human capital, accumulated organizational capital, and reputation.
Enhancing Digital Educational Repositories by Linking Videos and Examinations

The last decade has seen significant global efforts to develop and maintain digital educational repositories. Several countries, including India, have created national repositories of high-quality educational videos and related digital content. We have developed a simple open-source tool called ExamLink that allows instructors to enhance such repositories by creating bidirectional links between specific segments of educational videos and specific questions from old examination papers. Our tool exploits such links, allowing students to navigate large video repositories and locate content relevant to particular examination questions, and discover more questions pertaining to the same content. We demonstrate how our tool builds on existing efforts by the National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL) to create links between question papers for the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) and videos in the NPTEL archive.
Neuropsychological Test Feedback to Patients With Brain Dysfunction

The provision of neuropsychological test feedback is of central importance in helping patients and their families cope with the consequences of brain injury. A general framework for presenting feedback is described, with an emphasis on techniques designed to maximize patient benefit. Special issues involving test-related limitations, patient characteristics, and family involvement in the feedback process are discussed.
The effect of detector sampling in wavefront-coded imaging systems

We present a comprehensive study of the effect of detector sampling on wavefront-coded systems. Two important results are obtained: the spurious response ratios are reduced in wavefront-coded systems with a cubic phase mask and detector sampling does not compromise the restoration of wavefront-coded images with extended depth of field. Rigorous computer simulation of sampled wavefront-coded images shows an increased signal-to-aliased-noise ratio of up to 16% for a cubic phase mask with α = 5λ.
Mobility-aware multicast over mobile ad hoc networks

Due to the high mobility of nodes and highly dynamic topology, performing efficient and robust multicast in a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a challenging task. Most of existing multicast protocols in MANETs discover the routing path by flooding message over the whole network, which result in considerable cost for routing discovery and maintenance. Moreover, the reliability of the discovered path can not be guaranteed, since the stabilities of nodes along such path are unpredictable. This paper presents the Reliable Backbone based Multicast Routing (RBMR) protocol for MANETs. RBMR employs a mobility prediction based election process to construct a reliable backbone structure performing packet transmission, message flooding, routing discovery and maintenance. Other existing multicast protocols for MANETs can also take great advantage of RBMR to alleviate the influence of nodes mobility and perform efficient data transmission. Simulation results show that such protocol achieves good performance in terms of packet delivery ratio, forwarding efficiency and normalized overhead even in the high speed scenario.
The efficacy and safety of golimumab in the treatment of arthritis

Importance of the field: Twenty-five years ago, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was a relentless disease, treated symptomatically because of the lack of effective, well tolerated medications which could halt disease in most patients. The introduction of methotrexate, sulfasalazine and leflunomide, and aggressive treatment, changed the prognosis of RA in the 1990s. Biologic therapies have dramatically changed the long-term prognosis of patients with rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Areas covered in this review: Unfortunately, no one single agent is fully effective in every patient. For this reason, another agent, golimumab (GLM), a TNF-α inhibitor (TNF-I) was developed. The basis of this review is all peer-reviewed manuscripts on GLM in the treatment of RA, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) found in Pub Med. and Medline from 2000 to 2010 and abstracts presented at the major rheumatology congresses within the past five years. What the reader will gain: This review describes the efficacy and safety of GLM and should enable an understanding of the benefit–risk profile of GLM in the treatment of RA, PsA and AS. Take home message: GLM is effective and has a safety profile similar to other TNF-I in the treatment of RA, AS and PsA.
Seasonal Patterns of Nitrate Discharge from Forested Catchments: Information Derived from Japanese Case Studies

In recent decades, the seasonal variation of NO3− discharge from forest ecosystems has been increasingly used by ecologists and hydrologists as a diagnostic indicator of the nutrient status of ecosystems. Major factors controlling the seasonal patterns of stream NO3− concentrations include seasonal variations in (i) nutrient demands of the ecosystem, (ii) solute transport capability of the hydrological condition, and (iii) in-stream nutrient usage and supply. In this article, we show how case studies have helped elucidate the dominant controlling factors by comparing data from Japanese catchments with previously compiled data from studies in North America and Europe, and explain the different influences hydrological and biogeochemical controls exert in rainy summer regions ( Japanese catchments) and dry summer regions (sites in the northeast United States and Europe). The seasonal variation of hydrological conditions is a predominant controlling factor in Japanese forests, whereas nutrient demand may predominate in the northeast United States and Europe. We emphasize that it is important to compare seasonal patterns among different climate regions to obtain more universal explanations of the seasonal variation in stream NO3− concentration. In addition, multi-scale investigations will be needed to provide insight into the relative contribution of hillslope biogeochemical effects and the influences of in-stream biological activities.
Emotional responses to music: experience, expression, and physiology

A crucial issue in research on music and emotion is whether music evokes genuine emotional responses in listeners (the emotivist position) or whether listeners merely perceive emotions expressed by the music (the cognitivist position). To investigate this issue, we measured self-reported emotion, facial muscle activity, and autonomic activity in 32 participants while they listened to popular music composed with either a happy or a sad emotional expression. Results revealed a coherent manifestation in the experiential, expressive, and physiological components of the emotional response system, which supports the emotivist position. Happy music generated more zygomatic facial muscle activity, greater skin conductance, lower finger temperature, more happiness and less sadness than sad music. The finding that the emotion induced in the listener was the same as the emotion expressed in the music is consistent with the notion that music may induce emotions through a process of emotional contagion.
A phase II study of high‐dose estrogens (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate) in prostate cancer

Twenty‐five patients with metastatic prostate cancer resistant to primary hormone therapy, received high‐dose intravenous diethylstilbestrol diphosphate (Stilphostrol [Miles Pharm], DES‐P) in a Phase II study using established response criteria. Objective response rate was 17%, while 22% of the patients were subjectively improved. Moderate gastrointestinal toxicity was reported in 10 patients (40%). Thromboembolic complications were seen in 2 (8%). The role of high‐dose Stilphostrol in the treatment of hormone‐resistant prostate cancer is limited.
Variation in Oxytocin Receptor Density in the Nucleus Accumbens Has Differential Effects on Affiliative Behaviors in Monogamous and Polygamous Voles

Oxytocin receptors in the nucleus accumbens have been implicated in the regulation of alloparental behavior and pair bond formation in the socially monogamous prairie vole. Oxytocin receptor density in the nucleus accumbens is positively correlated with alloparenting in juvenile and adult female prairie voles, and oxytocin receptor antagonist infused into the nucleus accumbens blocks this behavior. Furthermore, prairie voles have higher densities of oxytocin receptors in the accumbens than nonmonogamous rodent species, and blocking accumbal oxytocin receptors prevents mating-induced partner preference formation. Here we used adeno-associated viral vector gene transfer to examine the functional relationship between accumbal oxytocin receptor density and social behavior in prairie and meadow voles. Adult female prairie voles that overexpress oxytocin receptor in the nucleus accumbens displayed accelerated partner preference formation after cohabitation with a male, but did not display enhanced alloparental behavior. However, partner preference was not facilitated in nonmonogamous meadow voles by introducing oxytocin receptor into the nucleus accumbens. These data confirm a role for oxytocin receptor in the accumbens in the regulation of partner preferences in female prairie voles, and suggest that oxytocin receptor expression in the accumbens is not sufficient to promote partner preferences in nonmonogamous species. These data are the first to demonstrate a direct relationship between oxytocin receptor density in the nucleus accumbens and variation in social attachment behaviors. Thus, individual variation in oxytocin receptor expression in the striatum may contribute to natural diversity in social behaviors.
The Future of Leadership in Learning Organizations

Executive Summary Among the most prominent developments in recent years in the investigation of transformational leadership has been the confirmation of the utility of transformational leadership for increasing organizational satisfaction, commitment, and effectiveness, and the 6-factor model of the transformational-transactional factorial structure. Also, we have increased our understanding of transformational dynamics. In this paper, I hope to show how transformational leadership relates to the creation and maintenance of the learning organization. To do this, the meaning of transformational and transactional leadership and the Full Range of Leadership will be discussed and how the components of transformational and transactional leadership contribute to a learning organization will be examined. The future of leadership and administration will be considered in the light of the current state of affairs in educational leadership.
Ambivalence, Sustainability and the Governance of Socio-Technical Transitions

Abstract The goals of sustainable development are rarely simply and clearly defined, but more often—although to varying degrees—ambivalent, difficult to agree and hard to specify. This paper reflects on the inherent ambivalence of sustainability as a normative objective of steering and governance. It draws, in particular, on Bauman's account of the complex relationship between ambivalence, modernity and postmodernity, using these ideas to consider the strategic work involved in drawing boundaries around what is sustainable/unsustainable. The implications of the analysis are explored for conventional and reflexive approaches to the governance and management of socio-technical transitions. Strategies of reflexive governance promise to engage more openly and directly with the challenges of handling rather than eliminating ambivalent and changing goals. While these approaches bring some dimensions of ambivalence out into the open, they do so by framing debate in ways that background others, thereby obscuring the politics involved. The article concludes by turning the problem around and arguing that rather than being something managed through methods of governance, ambivalence is itself an outcome and a consequence of such techniques.
10-Mode mode-multiplexed transmission over 125-km single-span multimode fiber

We demonstrate combined wavelength- and mode-multiplexed transmission over a 125-km multimode single span composed of 10- and 15-mode fibers with a spectral efficiency of 29 b/s/Hz. A transmission capacity of 115.2 Tb/s is achieved over a distance of 87 km.
Pet ownership and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

OBJECTIVE To compare risk factors for cardiovascular disease in pet owners and non-owners. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Accepted risk factors for cardiovascular disease were measured in 5741 participants attending a free, screening clinic at the Baker Medical Research Institute in Melbourne. Blood pressure, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride values were compared in pet owners (n = 784) and non-owners (n = 4957). RESULTS Pet owners had significantly lower systolic blood pressure and plasma triglycerides than non-owners. In men, pet owners had significantly lower systolic but not diastolic blood pressure than non-owners, and significantly lower plasma triglyceride levels, and plasma cholesterol levels. In women over 40 years old, systolic but not diastolic pressure was significantly lower in pet owners and plasma triglycerides also tended to be lower. There were no differences in body mass index and self-reported smoking habits were similar, but pet owners reported that they took significantly more exercise than non-owners, and ate more meat and "take-away" foods. The socioeconomic profile of the pet owners and non-owners appeared to be comparable. CONCLUSIONS Pet owners in our clinic population had lower levels of accepted risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and this was not explicable on the basis of cigarette smoking, diet, body mass index or socioeconomic profile. The possibility that pet ownership reduces cardiovascular risk factors should therefore be investigated.