Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Counterattacks in elite Gaelic football competition

This study objectively analyses how Gaelic football teams counter-attack. Fifteen matches played in the All-Ireland senior football championship during the 2007 and 2008 seasons were analysed using publicly available broadcast coverage. Results indicated that the outcome of counter-attacks was significantly associated with the destination area of the counter-attack (p<0.001) with more counterattacks occurring in central areas of the pitch, in front of goal. There was a significant difference between the number of passes (p < 0.001) and the duration of the counter-attacks (p < 0.001) between counterattacks of different outcomes. Successful counterattacks relied on teams maintaining possession, allowing players to move the ball in a controlled manner, allowing players off the ball to obtain good supporting positions and exploiting the opposition whilst they are vulnerable and disorganised. Attacks lasting between 26s and 35s were found to be the most successful. Longer passing sequences during counter-attacks were found to be more successful compared to attacks with fewer passes which had a higher turnover rate. Successful counterattacks require players to have the ability to carry the ball, break the tackle and provide support for the man in possession.
An Application of Face Recognition System using Image Processing and Neural Networks

In recent years face recognition has received substantial attention from both research communities and the market, but still remained very challenging in real applications. A lot of face recognition algorithms, along with their medications, have been developed during the past decades. A number of typical algorithms are presented. In this paper, we propose to label a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) to measure image similarity. To manage this goal, we feed Facial images associated to the regions of interest into the neural network. At the end of the learning step, each neural unit is tuned to a particular Facial image prototype. Facial recognition is then performed by a probabilistic decision rule. This scheme offers very promising results for face identification dealing with illumination variation and facial poses and expressions. This paper presents a novel SelfOrganizing Map (SOM) for face recognition. The SOM method is trained on images from one database. The novelty of this work comes from the integration of A facial recognition system is a computer application for automatically identifying or verifying a person from a digital image or a video frame from a video source. One of the way is to do this is by comparing selected facial features from the image and a facial database. It is typically used in security systems and can be compared to other biometrics such as fingerprint or eye iris recognition systems.
The Fraction of Satisfiable Clauses in a Typical Formula

Given n Boolean variables x1, . , xn, a k-clause is a disjunction of k literals, where a literal is a variable or its negation. A k-CNF formula is a conjunction of a finite number of k-clauses. Call such a formula p-satisfiable if there exists a truth assignment satisfying a fraction 1−2−k+p 2−k of all clauses and observe that every k-CNF formula is 0-satisfiable. Our goal is to determine for which ratios of clauses to variables, a typical k-CNF formula is p-satisfiable. Let Fk(n, m) denote a formula on n variables formed by selecting uniformly and independently m out of all (2n) possible k-clauses on x1, . , xn. Given p ∈ (0, 1], let rk(p) be the supremum of all r such that the probability that Fk(n, rn) is p-satisfiable tends to 1 as n →∞. Similarly, let r∗ k(p) be the infimum of all r such that the probability that Fk(n, rn) is p-satisfiable tends to 0 as n → ∞. It is widely believed that rk(p) = r∗ k(p) for every p ∈ (0, 1] and k ≥ 2. We prove that this is true asymptotically in k. More precisely, we prove that for every p ∈ (0, 1], both rk(p) and r ∗ k(p), when divided by 2 , tend exponentially fast to log 2/[p + (1 − p) log(1 − p)] as k → ∞. As a corollary, for every k ≥ 2 and r > 2 log 2 we give p = p(k, r) such that with probability tending to 1 as n →∞, Fk(n, rn) is p-satisfiable but not (p+ δ)-satisfiable, where δ = δ(k) = O(k2−k/2). The proof is based on a delicate asymptotic analysis of a random bivariate generating function.
Dynamic multi-thread scheduling algorithm for better performance of the Alchemi toolkit

Grid computing refers to systems that harness the unused CPU cycles of personal computers connected over a corporate network or the Internet to accelerate application performance. There are some software toolkits used for implementing grid computing. Among them, Alchemi is widely used and open source toolkit that runs on the Windows operating system in the . NET Framework. The node which requests an application to be performed is called the owner. The node that receives the requested application and sends results back to the owner is called Manager. An application is divided into many threads. These threads are submitted to other nodes called Executor. In many cases, the faster one remains idle for a long time after completing the job. Current scheduling algorithm assigns only one thread to one executor. In this paper, we propose a technique to assign more than one thread to execute according the available CPU cycle.
User attention analysis for e-learning systems using gaze and speech information

In this paper, a practical approach to detecting user attention for online learning systems using gaze and speech activity information is proposed. A portable camera and microphone system to acquire human-computer interaction data is used in this approach. User attentiveness is classified into three categories: attentive, inattentive-not looking, and inattentive-speaking. Experimental results show that the proposed system clearly differentiates the attention level of users that participate in e-learning sessions. The proposed system is suitable for realtime applications.
Elderly Men Have Low Levels of Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Inhibin B, but with High Interpersonal Variation: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Sertoli Cell Hormones in 615 Community-Dwelling Men

The Sertoli cells of the testes secrete anti-Müllerian hormone (Müllerian inhibiting Substance, AMH) and inhibin B (InhB). AMH triggers the degeneration of the uterine precursor in male embryos, whereas InhB is part of the gonadal-pituitary axis for the regulation of sperm production in adults. However, both hormones are also putative regulators of homeostasis, and age-related changes in these hormones may therefore be important to the health status of elderly men. The levels of AMH in elderly men are unknown, with limited information being available about age-related changes in InhB. We have therefore used ELISAs to measure Sertoli cell hormone levels in 3 cohorts of community-dwelling men in New Zealand. In total, 615 men were examined, 493 of which were aged 65 or older. Serum AMH and InhB levels inversely correlated with age in men older than 50 years (p<0.001) but not in the younger men. A minority of elderly men had undetectable levels of AMH and InhB. The variation in hormone levels between similarly aged men increased with the age of men. AMH and InhB partially correlated with each other as expected (r = 0.48, p<0.001). However, the ratio of the two Sertoli hormones varied significantly between men, with this variation increasing with age. Elderly men selected for the absence of cardiovascular disease had AMH levels similar to those of young men whereas their InhB levels did not differ from aged-matched controls. These data suggests that Sertoli cell number and function changes with age, but with the extent and nature of the changes varying between men.
Validation of Antimycobacterial Plants Used by Traditional Healers in Three Districts of the Limpopo Province (South Africa)

The aim of the study was to scientifically evaluate the antimycobacterial activity of selected indigenous medicinal plants from the Limpopo Province used for the treatment of humans with symptoms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The leaves of five plant species (Apodytes dimidiata, Artemisia, Combretum hereroense, Lippia javanica, and Zanthoxylum capense) were collected from the Lowveld National Botanical Garden in Nelspruit, South Africa. The dried leaves were powdered and extracted using hexane, dichloromethane, acetone, and methanol. Antimycobacterial activity was evaluated using microdilution assay and bioautography and ρ-iodonitrotetrazolium violet (INT) as indicator. Antioxidant activities were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Phytochemical content of extracts was further evaluated. The acetone extracts of L. javanica displayed antioxidant activity on BEA chromatogram. T Acetone extracts of A. afra had MIC value of 0.39 mg/mL against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC 1441. Acetone extracts of C. hereroense and L. javanica had MIC value of 0.47 mg/mL. Four bands that inhibited the growth of M. smegmatis were observed at R f values of 0.12, 0.63, and 0.87 on BEA and 0.73 on EMW. The plant species A. dimidiata, A. afra, C. hereroense, and L. javanica in this study demonstrated their potential as sources of anti-TB drug leads.
Endoscopic findings in a mass screening program for gastric cancer in a high risk region - Guilan province of Iran.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both sexes in Iran. This study was designed to assess upper GI endoscopic findings among people>50 years targeted in a mass screening program in a hot-point region. METHODS Based on the pilot results in Guilan Cancer Registry study(GCRS), one of the high point regions for GC - Lashtenesha - was selected. The target population was called mainly using two methods: in rural regions, by house-house direct referral and in urban areas using public media. Upper GI endoscopy was performed by trained endoscopists. All participants underwent biopsies for rapid urea test (RUT) from the antrum and also further biopsies from five defined points of stomach for detection of precancerous lesions. In cases of visible gross lesions, more diagnostic biopsies were taken and submitted for histopathologic evaluation. RESULTS Of 1,394 initial participants, finally 1,382 persons (702 women, 680 men) with a mean age of 61.7 ± 9.0 years (range:50-87 years) underwent upper GI endoscopy. H.pylori infection based on the RUT was positive in 66.6%. Gastric adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus were detected in seven (0.5%) and one(0.07%) persons, respectively. A remarkable proportion of studied participants were found to have esophageal hiatal hernia(38.4%). Asymptomatic gastric masses found in 1.1% (15) of cases which were mostly located in antrum (33.3%), cardia (20.0%) and prepyloric area (20.0%). Gastric and duodenal ulcers were found in 5.9% (82) and 6.9% (96) of the screened population. CONCLUSION Upper endoscopy screening is an effective technique for early detection of GC especially in high risk populations. Further studies are required to evaluate cost effectiveness, cost benefit and mortality and morbidity of this method among high and moderate risk population before recommending this method for GC surveillance program at the national level.
Self-Adaptive Routing for Temporary Information Sharing in Wireless Mesh Networks

The present paper proposes a self-adaptive routing method for temporary information sharing in a wireless mesh network without a global connection that is deployed in a geographically limited area. The temporary information sharing indicates that for the case in which information senders and receivers freely appear in the network, information is forwarded from an information sender to a receiver. The self-adaptive routing method determines a unique route by operations among numerical values assigned to each node and adaptively changes the assigned numerical values according to the routing results. A variety of types of operations and numerical values can be used for this routing method. In simulations, the method is evaluated in terms of routing reliability under an appearance pattern of an information sender-receiver pair in which a location of the receiver is fixed. Simulation results reveal that routing reliability depends on the types of operations and numerical values and is related to how frequently a closed route is generated in the routing. The results also suggest that the degree of randomness in routing is important for reliable routing and varies with the types of operations and numerical values.
Adventuring into MOOC Writing Assessment: Challenges, Results, and Possibilities

This article shares our experience designing and deploying writing assessment in English Composition I: Achieving Expertise, the first-ever first-year writing Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). We argue that writing assessment can be effectively adapted to the MOOC environment and that doing so reaffirms the importance of mixed-methods approaches to writing assessment and drives writing assessment toward a more individualized,learner-driven, and learner-autonomous paradigm.
Unsupervised Distance-Based Outlier Detection Using Nearest Neighbours Algorithm on Distributed Approach: Survey

2 ABSTRACT: Outlier detection is the process of finding outlying pattern from a given dataset. Outlier detection became important subject in different knowledge domains. Data size is getting doubled every years there is a need to detect outliers in large datasets as early as possible. In high-dimensional data outlier detection presents various challenges because of curse of dimensionality. By examining again the notion of reverse nearest neighbors in the unsupervised outlier-detection context, high dimensionality can have a different impact. In high dimensions it was observed that the distribution of points in reverse-neighbor counts becomes skewed . This proposed work aims at developing and comparing some of the unsupervised outlier detection methods and propose a way to improve them. This proposed work goes in details about the development and analysis of outlier detection algorithms such as Local Outlier Factor(LOF), Local Distance-Based Outlier Factor(LDOF) , Influenced Outliers and . The concepts of these methods are then combined to implement a new method with distributed approach which improves the results of the previous mentioned ones with reference to speed, complexity and accuracy.
European Counterpublics? DiEM25, Plan B and the Agonistic European Public Sphere

ABSTRACT After the negotiations between the Syriza government and the European Union (EU), the European Left faced the dilemma of which kind of progressive Europe could be developed within the existing EU framework. Two initiatives were launched to foster an alternative Europe after the Greek crisis: ‘A Plan B in Europe’ (Plan B) and the Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 (DiEM25). These initiatives emerged to promote a new European project as a rejection of EU austerity policies and lack of democracy. The shaping of alternatives is understood within the framework of the public sphere and Europeanization from below. In this sense, both movements are considered counterpublics that introduce conflict within the European sphere and are capable of elaborating counterdiscourses and develop transnational connections. The article analyses the potentials and constraints of enhancing a transnational and agonistic public sphere from perspectives and experiences which, while sharing the need of internationalization, develop different strategies.
The developmental biology of Dishevelled: an enigmatic protein governing cell fate and cell polarity

The Dishevelled protein regulates many developmental processes in animals ranging from Hydra to humans. Here, we discuss the various known signaling activities of this enigmatic protein and focus on the biological processes that Dishevelled controls. Through its many signaling activities, Dishevelled plays important roles in the embryo and the adult, ranging from cell-fate specification and cell polarity to social behavior. Dishevelled also has important roles in the governance of polarized cell divisions, in the directed migration of individual cells, and in cardiac development and neuronal structure and function.
Organizational culture and creative processes : comparing german theater companies and scientific institutes

An open organizational culture (for example, enhancement of individual autonomy) is needed in order to promote organizational creativity. But such openness can lead to problems with coordination that may jeopardize the organization's success. For example, an open organizational culture is accompanied by parallel processes of closure (promoting orientation, consensus, and trust) that reduce the negative secondary effects of openness (Gebert and others, 2004). It is thereby understood that the creative process in a theater company requires a greater effort at coordination than in scientific institutes. This is why cultural openness in a theater company comes with risk. Empirical results from interviews with 28 research institutes (N = 113) and 13 theater companies (N = 88) show that an open culture in theaters as well as in scientific institutes, is significantly connected to closed culture processes that serve as buffers. Furthermore, openness in a theater company in terms of risk prevention is developed significantly less than in scientific institutes. Also openness when the buffering closure is missing is not significantly connected to success in scientific institutes, and in theater companies there is even a significant negative connection. The need for buffering is thus especially meaningful for the results in a theater company.
Effect of Graded Reduction of Umbilical Blood Flow on Right and Left Ventricular Outputs in the Fetal Lamb

Right and left ventricular outputs were measured by a dye dilution technique in fetal lambs before and during graded reduction of umbilical blood flow by constriction of the abdominal portion of the umbilical vein. PO2, PCO2 and pH were measured on blood samples taken from the carotid artery and the ductus arteriosus. Oxygen saturation values were estimated from oxygen dissociation curves for fetal lambs' blood. With slight constriction of the umbilical vein, both ventricular outputs fell, but there was no significant difference between them for umbilical flows exceeding 150 ml/kg per min. With further reduction of umbilical flow, the output of the right ventricle fell more than that of the left. When flow was reduced to less than 120 ml/kg per min, right ventricular output was significantly higher than that of the left (P < 0.001). Oxygen saturation of blood from both the carotid artery and the ductus arteriosus fell with reduction of umbilical flow, but the difference between these values was not significantly altered. These observations show that major reduction of venous return may change the proportion in which various blood streams mix as they pass through the fetal heart.
The Categorical Representation of Facial Expressions by 7-Month-Old Infants

Categorical perception, demonstrated as reduced discrimination of within-category relative to between-category differences in stimuli, has been found in a variety of perceptual domains in adults. To examine the development of categorical perception in the domain of facial expression processing, we used behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) methods to assess discrimination of within-category (happy-happy) and between-category (happy-sad) differences in facial expressions in 7-month-old infants. Data from a visual paired-comparison test and recordings of attention-sensitive ERPs showed no discrimination of facial expressions in the within-category condition whereas reliable discrimination was observed in the between-category condition. The results also showed that face-sensitive ERPs over occipital-temporal scalp (P400) were attenuated in the within-category condition relative to the between-category condition, suggesting a potential neural basis for the reduced within-category sensitivity. Together, these results suggest that the neural systems underlying categorical representation of facial expressions emerge during the early stages of postnatal development, before acquisition of language. that show a change from one facial expression to a second facial expression in equal-interval steps. Although images on such a morphed continuum show a linear transition from one facial expression to another, the
The stem cell organisation, and the proliferative and gene expression profile of Barrett's epithelium, replicates pyloric-type gastric glands

Objective Barrett's oesophagus shows appearances described as ‘intestinal metaplasia’, in structures called ‘crypts’ but do not typically display crypt architecture. Here, we investigate their relationship to gastric glands. Methods Cell proliferation and migration within Barrett's glands was assessed by Ki67 and iododeoxyuridine (IdU) labelling. Expression of mucin core proteins (MUC), trefoil family factor (TFF) peptides and LGR5 mRNA was determined by immunohistochemistry or by in situ hybridisation, and clonality was elucidated using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations combined with mucin histochemistry. Results Proliferation predominantly occurs in the middle of Barrett's glands, diminishing towards the surface and the base: IdU dynamics demonstrate bidirectional migration, similar to gastric glands. Distribution of MUC5AC, TFF1, MUC6 and TFF2 in Barrett's mirrors pyloric glands and is preserved in Barrett's dysplasia. MUC2-positive goblet cells are localised above the neck in Barrett's glands, and TFF3 is concentrated in the same region. LGR5 mRNA is detected in the middle of Barrett's glands suggesting a stem cell niche in this locale, similar to that in the gastric pylorus, and distinct from gastric intestinal metaplasia. Gastric and intestinal cell lineages within Barrett's glands are clonal, indicating derivation from a single stem cell. Conclusions Barrett's shows the proliferative and stem cell architecture, and pattern of gene expression of pyloric gastric glands, maintained by stem cells showing gastric and intestinal differentiation: neutral drift may suggest that intestinal differentiation advances with time, a concept critical for the understanding of the origin and development of Barrett's oesophagus.