Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
USING ATTACK BEHAVIOR CLASSIFICATION

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have become a necessity in computer security systems because of the increase in unauthorized accesses and attacks. Intrusion Detection is a major component in computer security systems that can be classified as Host-based Intrusion Detection System (HIDS), which protects a certain host or system and Network-based Intrusion detection system (NIDS), which protects a network of hosts and systems. This paper addresses Probes attacks or reconnaissance attacks, which try to collect any possible relevant information in the network. Network probe attacks have two types: Host Sweep and Port Scan attacks. Host Sweep attacks determine the hosts that exist in the network, while port scan attacks determine the available services that exist in the network. This paper uses an intelligent system to maximize the recognition rate of network attacks by embedding the temporal behavior of the attacks into a TDNN neural network structure. The proposed system consists of five modules: packet capture engine, preprocessor, pattern recognition, classification, and monitoring and alert module. We have tested the system in a real environment where it has shown good capability in detecting attacks. In addition, the system has been tested using DARPA 1998 dataset with 100% recognition rate. In fact, our system can recognize attacks in a constant time. Keywords— Intrusion Detection Systems; Network probe attack; Host sweep; Port scan; TDNN neural network
Repression of Seed Maturation Genes by a Trihelix Transcriptional Repressor in Arabidopsis Seedlings[W]

The seed maturation program is repressed during germination and seedling development so that embryonic genes are not expressed in vegetative organs. Here, we describe a regulator that represses the expression of embryonic seed maturation genes in vegetative tissues. ASIL1 (for Arabidopsis 6b-interacting protein 1-like 1) was isolated by its interaction with the Arabidopsis thaliana 2S3 promoter. ASIL1 possesses domains conserved in the plant-specific trihelix family of DNA binding proteins and belongs to a subfamily of 6b-interacting protein 1-like factors. The seedlings of asil1 mutants exhibited a global shift in gene expression to a profile resembling late embryogenesis. LEAFY COTYLEDON1 and 2 were markedly derepressed during early germination, as was a large subset of seed maturation genes, such as those encoding seed storage proteins and oleosins, in seedlings of asil1 mutants. Consistent with this, asil1 seedlings accumulated 2S albumin and oil with a fatty acid composition similar to that of seed-derived lipid. Moreover, ASIL1 specifically recognized a GT element that overlaps the G-box and is in close proximity to the RY repeats of the 2S promoters. We suggest that ASIL1 targets GT-box–containing embryonic genes by competing with the binding of transcriptional activators to this promoter region.
An automatic framework for entity matching in bibliographic databases

Entity matching is to map the records to the corresponding entity. It is a well known problem studied by many researchers over the last few years. In bibliographic database, the data evolve over time. For example, the email id of an author in DBLP and ArnetMiner which are two bibliographic databases changes with time. Authors also keep on changing their affiliations. The set of authors with whom they work also changes with time. These types of variations make the entity matching task more difficult. In this paper, we have addressed this problem and proposed the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) based solution framework. The dissimilarities between different records can be measured using various distance measures. One distance measure can be suitable for one data set while some other distance measure can be suitable for some other data sets. So selecting the appropriate distance measure is also difficult. To address this issue, this paper presents an automatic framework which selects the suitable distance measure along with the appropriate partitioning. To encode the partitions, medoid based encoding is used. Several new mutation operations are used to explore the search space efficiently. Silhouette Index along with Xie-Beni Index are optimized simultaneously during the experiments for three bibliographic data sets. The results of our approach are compared with two existing well known techniques, DBLP and ArnetMiner. From the results it is clear that our proposed approach performs well.
Human clearance prediction: shifting the paradigm

There is a growing momentum to use in vitro methods, nestled in in silico physiologically based pharmacokinetic models as the primary source of prediction of human clearance. This represents a shift in the paradigm for predictions in humans, which has been traditionally based on in vivo empirical approaches involving allometric scaling. For hepatic clearance of lipophilic metabolised compounds, methodology for scaling based on in vitro data is well established and approaches based on in vitro data alone seem to be the most accurate. However, limitations in in vitro methods exist for compounds cleared by other mechanisms, such as those for which active transport is a major determinant of the hepatobiliary and renal elimination processes. A major challenge for any clearance prediction is the assessment of variability and uncertainty. Integrative and mechanistic approaches such as physiologically based scaling provide the most promising way of dealing with these aspects. In this review, the authors assess advances in in vitro methods for hepatic and renal clearance predictions with particular emphasis on mechanistic approaches.
Involvement of Regulatory Interactions among Global Regulators GlxR, SugR, and RamA in Expression of ramA in Corynebacterium glutamicum

ABSTRACT The central carbon metabolism genes in Corynebacterium glutamicum are under the control of a transcriptional regulatory network composed of several global regulators. It is known that the promoter region of ramA, encoding one of these regulators, interacts with its gene product, RamA, as well as with the two other regulators, GlxR and SugR, in vitro and/or in vivo. Although RamA has been confirmed to repress its own expression, the roles of GlxR and SugR in ramA expression have remained unclear. In this study, we examined the effects of GlxR binding site inactivation on expression of the ramA promoter-lacZ fusion in the genetic background of single and double deletion mutants of sugR and ramA. In the wild-type background, the ramA promoter activity was reduced to undetectable levels by the introduction of mutations into the GlxR binding site but increased by sugR deletion, indicating that GlxR and SugR function as the transcriptional activator and repressor, respectively. The marked repression of ramA promoter activity by the GlxR binding site mutations was largely compensated for by deletions of sugR and/or ramA. Furthermore, ramA promoter activity in the ramA-sugR double mutant was comparable to that in the ramA mutant but was significantly higher than that in the sugR mutant. Taken together, it is likely that the level of ramA expression is dynamically balanced by GlxR-dependent activation and repression by RamA along with SugR in response to perturbation of extracellular and/or intracellular conditions. These findings add multiple regulatory loops to the transcriptional regulatory network model in C. glutamicum.
Neurocysticercosis in the United States

Objective: To review published clinical studies on neurocysticercosis (NCC) in the United States over the past two decades and comment on epidemiologic trends and treatment. Methods: This review is based on a search of the literature citing NCC cases diagnosed in the United States utilizing PUBMED for the years 1980 through early 2004. Case series, case reports, epidemiologic studies, and treatment of NCC were evaluated. Results: A total of 1,494 patients with NCC were reported in the United States among large case series (n > 20) between 1980 and early 2004. Common onset symptoms for these patients included seizures (66%), hydrocephalus (16%), and headaches (15%). The majority presented with parenchymal NCC (91%), with the remainder having ventricular cysts (6%), subarachnoid cysts (2%), and spinal cysts (0.2%). A total of 76 cases of NCC were likely acquired within the United States during the period of this review. A higher risk for acquiring NCC has been documented in patients who have traveled to endemic regions, are of Hispanic ethnicity, and have contact with Taenia solium tapeworm carriers. Conclusions: An increasing number of NCC cases have been reported in the US literature over the past 50 years, suggesting that the prevalence of this disease may be on the rise. Because neurologists are often involved with the diagnosis and management of NCC in the United States, it is important that they become familiar with this disorder, as they will play an important role in efforts to control the disease.
Random Stub Matching Models of Multigraphs Termeh Shafie

This article studies the local and global structure of multigraphs under random stub matching with fixed degrees (RSM). The local structure is analyzed by marginal distributions of edge multiplicities, and the global structure is analyzed by the simultaneous distribution of edge multiplicities. The simultaneous distribution is shown to depend on a single complexity statistic. The distributions under RSM and IEA are used for calculations of moments and entropies, and for comparisons by information divergence. The modified distributions are obtained by ignoring the dependencies between edges and assuming independent edge assignments to sites (IEA), and by ignoring the dependencies between stubs and assuming independent stub assignments to vertices (ISA). The main results in this article include a new formula for the probability of an arbitrary number of loops at a vertex, and a more intricate expression for the probability of an arbitrary number of edges at any site. Further, simplicity and complexity of multigraphs under RSM are investigated and a new method of approximating the probability that an RSM multigraph is simple is proposed and shown to perform well for multigraphs with small numbers of vertices and edges.
R&D SPILLOVERS IN AGRICULTURE: RESULTS FROM A NORTH-SOUTH TRADE MODEL

This study attempts to analyze technical change and the role of R&D spillovers in this process using a quality innovation model. Domestic R&D sector consists of a public and a private R&D sector. Trade is the mechanism through which R&D spillovers are realized, along with increased market size and increased competition. Propositions of the model are tested for the U.S. agricultural sector data. It is found that R&D spillovers affect technological change as well as private R&D spending significantly and positively.
Invasive Fungal Sinusitis: A 15-Year Review from a Single Institution

Background The aim of this study was to review our experience with patients with invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) to determine outcomes and identify factors that may affect patient survival. Methods A retrospective review was performed. Results Forty-three patients were identified accounting for 45 cases of IFS. The underlying reasons for immunosuppression were hematologic malignancy (28 patients), diabetes mellitus (10 patients), solid organ transplant (3 patients), chronic steroid use (3 patients), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (1 patient). Eight of 45 cases (18%) died of IFS. Of the 28 cases associated with hematologic malignancy, 3 patients died of IFS (11%) and 4 patients (14%) died of other causes with persistent IFS. None of these 7 patients had recovery of their absolute neutrophil count, and all patients who recovered from IFS recovered to a normal absolute neutrophil count. Four of 10 (40%) diabetic patients died of IFS, and 66% of survivors had persistent neurological or visual morbidity. The mortality rate was 29% for patients infected with Mucor and 11% for patients infected with Aspergillus. Conclusion We have found the overall mortality rate directly related to IFS to be 18%. The rate is higher for diabetic patients than for patients with hematologic causes for their immunosuppression. This is likely because of the higher index of suspicion and early diagnosis and treatment of patients with neutropenia and a less-fulminant, slower-progressing form of IFS from Aspergillus, apparently a less virulent fungus than Mucor. Intracranial involvement and failure to recover from neutropenia are the factors that led to poor prognosis in this series.
Computed Tomography Diagnosis of Nonspecific Acute Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: From Typical Acute Coronary Syndrome to Various Unusual Mimics

It is a challenging task for emergency department physicians to establish a precise and rapid diagnosis based only on clinical and laboratory findings in patients who present with nonspecific acute chest pain. In this circumstance, CT angiography can provide important clues to the diagnosis. To provide a rapid diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its various mimics, the physician should enumerate each possible cause of acute chest pain on the basis of an objective assessment of pretest probability. On the basis of clinical suspicion, the appropriate CT protocol should then be performed. Moreover, radiologists should be familiar with typical CT findings of ACS and its various mimics to assist the emergency department physician in diagnosing patients with nonspecific acute chest pain. This review article presents an overview on choosing an appropriate CT protocol in patients with nonspecific acute chest pain and provides specific CT findings of ACS and various mimics of ACS.
Inhibitory Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Insulin Resistance in Rat with High Fat Diet

Consumption of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) of green tea were reported to have much benefit in improving health, such as increased fat oxidation, prevent obesity and improve insulin sensitivity. EGCG of green tea (Camelia sinensis) from GMB4 clone may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for obesity and insulin resistance.This study investigated the effect isolat Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) from green tea inhibit increasing adipose tissue sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1( SREBP-1 ) and insulin resistance in male rats with high fat diet. Wistar male rats were fed a diet high in fat for 2 months from 6-8 weeks of age and determination of the object of research with completely randomized design with five treatments, namely (1) rats with standard feed diet (2) rats with a diet high in fat, (3) rats with high-fat diet + EGCG 1mg/kgBW, (4) rats with high-fat diet + EGCG 2 mg/kgBW, (5) rats with high-fat diet + EGCG 8 mg/kgBW. Feeding rats administered orally, whereas EGCG per sonde 1x/day. Plasma Insulin and adipose tissue SREBP-1 was measured by ELISA and blood glucose by spektrophotometry. EGCG treatment decreased visceral fat, blood glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR (p<0.05) compared with high-fat diet without EGCG treatment. SREBP-1 levels decreased significantly by 29,85% (p <0,05) at doses of 8 mg/kgBW and HOMA-IR decreased significantly by 33,89% (p <0,05) at doses of 8 mg/kgBW. The Results suggested that EGCG effectively inhibits insulin resistance. These effects may be mediated by decreased adipose tissue adipo/lipogenesis involving SREBP-1, decreased visceral fat.
Functional consequences of realistic biodiversity changes in a marine ecosystem

Declines in biodiversity have prompted concern over the consequences of species loss for the goods and services provided by natural ecosystems. However, relatively few studies have evaluated the functional consequences of realistic, nonrandom changes in biodiversity. Instead, most designs have used randomly selected assemblages from a local species pool to construct diversity gradients. It is therefore difficult, based on current evidence, to predict the functional consequences of realistic declines in biodiversity. In this study, we used tide pool microcosms to demonstrate that the effects of real-world changes in biodiversity may be very different from those of random diversity changes. Specifically, we measured the relationship between the diversity of a seaweed assemblage and its ability to use nitrogen, a key limiting nutrient in nearshore marine systems. We quantified nitrogen uptake using both experimental and model seaweed assemblages and found that natural increases in diversity resulted in enhanced rates of nitrogen use, whereas random diversity changes had no effect on nitrogen uptake. Our results suggest that understanding the real-world consequences of declining biodiversity will require addressing changes in species performance along natural diversity gradients and understanding the relationships between species' susceptibility to loss and their contributions to ecosystem functioning.
A Systematic Benchmarking Perspective on Performance Management of Global Small to Medium-sized Organizations: An Implementation-based Approach

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer small to medium‐sized organizations (SMOs) with global business aspirations an innovative approach to performance measurement and management.Design/methodology/approach – The first phase of this research is based on a literature review. The second phase capitalizes on the literature review to offer a conceptual framework aimed at improving the performance measurement approach utilized by SMOs. The advocated approach stresses performance measurement, benchmarking, and effective implementation.Findings – The conceptual approach offered in this study represents the main outcome of this applied research. The advocated approach integrates several frameworks in an effort to address practical concerns related to performance measurement, management, and improvement.Research limitations/implications – The research offered in this study has practical and theoretical implications. The proposed approach offered by this study should be refined and validated through futur.
Abstrak—Pemeliharaan sistem dan peralatan–peralatan dalam suatu perusahaan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam mendukung produktivitas dan kualitas produk yang baik. Pemeliharaan peralatan produksi dengan melakukan kontrol keandalan (reliabilitas) dapat mengurangi gangguan pada sistem produksi

Abstrak—Pemeliharaan sistem dan peralatan–peralatan dalam suatu perusahaan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam mendukung produktivitas dan kualitas produk yang baik. Pemeliharaan peralatan produksi dengan melakukan kontrol keandalan (reliabilitas) dapat mengurangi gangguan pada sistem produksi sehingga mampu mengoptimalkan pendapatan keuntungan bagi perusahaan. PDAM (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum) Kota Malang, selaku penyedia layanan air bersih sering kali menemui kendala dalam proses produksi air akibat kerusakan pada pompa submersible, sehingga mengalami kerugian yang cukup besar. Sebagai upaya mengurangi kerugian dengan mencegah kerusakan pompa submersible, PDAM Kota Malang perlu untuk mengetahui nilai reliabilitas pompa untuk menjadwalkan waktu pemeliharaan dengan tepat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan nilai reliabilitas dari model estimasi relibilitas dengan metode Bayes menggunakan distribusi terbaik. Data yang digunakan adalah data waktu antar waktu kerusakan pompa submersible pada Rumah Pompa Wendit I PDAM Kota Malang. Model yang diperoleh diterapkan untuk mendapatkan nilai reliabilitas pompa yaitu nilai reliabilitas Pompa I adalah 0.403, Pompa II adalah 0.69464 dan Pompa III adalah 0.7701. Sedangkan nilai reliabilitas untuk sitem perpompaan pada rumah pompa Wendit I PDAM Kota Malang adalah 0.9581.
22 RANDOM SIMPLICIAL COMPLEXES

Random shapes arise naturally in many contexts. The topological and geometric structure of such objects is interesting for its own sake, and also for applications. In physics, for example, such objects arise naturally in quantum gravity, in material science, and in other settings. Stochastic topology may also be considered as a null hypothesis for topological data analysis. In this chapter we overview combinatorial aspects of stochastic topology. We focus on the topological and geometric properties of random simplicial complexes. We introduce a few of the fundamental models in Section 22.1. We review highdimensional expander-like properties of random complexes in Section 22.2. We discuss threshold behavior and phase transitions in Section 22.3, and Betti numbers and persistent homology in Section 22.4.
Payback scheme in first-price private value auctions : an experimental study ( Job Market Paper )

A common finding in first-price sealed bid auction is that bidders bid over the risk neutral Nash equilibrium prediction. While this behaviour is generally considered to be due to risk aversion, a growing number of papers show that an additional explanation could also play a role: loss aversion. In this paper, we design a payback scheme in first-price auctions where loss aversion can be tested directly. In this payback scheme, before the auction starts, the bidders are given a fixed amount of money to bid. Only the winner keeps the money and the losers need to pay the money back to the seller. We provide and compare the risk aversion and loss aversion equilibrium bidding models and revenue in first-price auctions in two cases: with and without the payback scheme. The model predicts that the risk neutrality and loss neutrality play the same role in bidding strategy. The scheme can increase the seller’s revenue only if the bidders are loss averse. In a series of experiments, we compare the revenue and efficiency of these two designs. We find that, in terms of revenue, the payback scheme can generate more revenue only if the money given to the bidders is smaller than a critical value. However, the payback scheme has no influence on efficiency. Moreover, our design also allows us to identify the stability of risk preferences and loss aversion attitudes within bidders by comparing measures obtained from two institutions: first-price auctions and lotteries. The results suggest that elicited preferences are not stable across different institutions. JEL classification: D44, D47, C9
[Anorexia nervosa and hyperactivity in adolescence: psychiatric and internal medicine features].

AIM The aim of the present study was to verify the influence of hyperactivity on internistic and psychiatric parameters in early onset anorexia nervosa restricting type (ANR). METHODS Seventy-three adolescent females (mean age 13.5 years, SD: 2.27) with a diagnosis of ANR (DSM-IV-TR) were consecutively enrolled in the Child and Adolescent Eating Disorders Unit of the IRCCS-Stella Maris and assessed by an extensive clinical protocol. All patients completed: psychiatric evaluation for description of the DCA and comorbidities; pediatric assessment including complete auxological data, blood pressure, heart rate and other electro/echo cardiographic and biohumoral parameters. The hyperactivity was estimated by the application of the "Structured Interview for Anorexic and Bulimic Disorder-Expert Form" (Item 40) in the context of clinical observation. Subjects were identified according to their level of hyperactive (ANR+H) and non-hyperactive (ANR-H) activity. RESULTS In the ANR+H group heart rate, leptin, sodium, potassium and gamma plasma proteins significantly differ compared to the group ANR-H. Patients with hyperactivity also have a complete form of ANR in 94% of cases compared with 66.7% of non-hyperactive; significant differences were found also in thought and attention CBCL and YSR subscales, combined with major internalizing problems. CONCLUSION This study provides preliminary data which can orient research towards the development of specific treatments for the hyperactivity, in order to improve the prognosis and thus avoid the chronicity of the disorder and the development of complications in adult life.