Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pumping‐induced leakage in a bounded aquifer: An example of a scale‐invariant phenomenon

A new approach is presented for calculation of the volume of pumping‐induced leakage entering an aquifer as a function of time. This approach simplifies the total leakage calculation by extending analytical‐based methods developed for infinite systems to bounded aquifers of any size. The simplification is possible because of the relationship between drawdown and leakage in aquifers laterally bounded by impermeable formations. This relationship produces a scale‐invariant total leakage; i.e., the volume of leakage as a function of time does not change with the size of the aquifer or with the location of the pumping well. Two examples and image well theory are used to demonstrate and prove, respectively, the generality of this interesting phenomenon.
Foundations of Finite Symbolic Tree Transducers

Finite transducers on trees are fundamental to computer science. They form the basis of many applications that manipulate strings and trees. The conventional representation of finite transducers assume a finite set of states and a finite alphabet. Classical algorithms and representations make essential use of both of these assumptions. In many cases, the complexity of the algorithms is computed based on the number of states and alphabet size. But how important are these assumptions really for the main operations and decision problems? We have recently pursued applications of finite transducers in the context of web security as a foundation for sanitization of potentially malicious data. For these applications we have found that lifting the finite alphabet restriction to be useful to enable efficient symbolic analysis and we have developed symbolic counter-parts of the main classical operations on finite automata. We here define Symbolic Tree Transducers as a generalization of Regular Transducers as finite state input-output tree automata with logical constraints over a background theory. The background theory is a parameter of the formalization. We examine key closure properties of Symbolic Tree Transducers and we develop a composition algorithm and an equivalence decision procedure for single-valued transducers.
Perceptual switching in Spanish/English bilinguals

Elman et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 971–974 (1971)] found that, whereas English monolinguals heard short‐lag stops as /b/, Spanish monolinguals heard them as /p/. Spanish/English bilinguals who were proficient in English gave more “English” (i.e., /b/) responses in an English than Spanish perceptual “set. ” This study further tested the hypothesis that bilinguals may use two criteria in identifying short‐lag stops. In experiment 1, /to/ tokens spoken by Spanish monolinguals with short‐lag VOT were presented along with English long‐lag /to/ or English short‐lag /do/ tokens. English monolinguals and Spanish subjects who learned English as adults labeled the Spanish /to/ stimuli as /to/ (rather than /do/) more often in the context of English /do/ (73%) than /to/ (50%). Since both groups showed the same pattern, this likely reflected a context effect rather than a criterion shift. In experiment 2, the English monolinguals did not label the Spanish /to/ stimuli as /to/ more often in a Spanish than English “set. ” Whereas the bilinguals who participated in the Spanish set first showed a 12% shift, those who participated in the English set first showed no evidence of a switch in criteria. It has been hypothesized [Flege and Eefting, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83, 729–740 (1988)] that Spanish speakers who learn English in early childhood establish separate categories for Spanish and English /t/. Work is underway to determine if such subjects will show a larger language set effect than the adult L2 learners already examined. [Work supported by NIH. ]
Robustness Can Evolve Gradually in Complex Regulatory Gene Networks with Varying Topology

The topology of cellular circuits (the who-interacts-with-whom) is key to understand their robustness to both mutations and noise. The reason is that many biochemical parameters driving circuit behavior vary extensively and are thus not fine-tuned. Existing work in this area asks to what extent the function of any one given circuit is robust. But is high robustness truly remarkable, or would it be expected for many circuits of similar topology? And how can high robustness come about through gradual Darwinian evolution that changes circuit topology gradually, one interaction at a time? We here ask these questions for a model of transcriptional regulation networks, in which we explore millions of different network topologies. Robustness to mutations and noise are correlated in these networks. They show a skewed distribution, with a very small number of networks being vastly more robust than the rest. All networks that attain a given gene expression state can be organized into a graph whose nodes are networks that differ in their topology. Remarkably, this graph is connected and can be easily traversed by gradual changes of network topologies. Thus, robustness is an evolvable property. This connectedness and evolvability of robust networks may be a general organizational principle of biological networks. In addition, it exists also for RNA and protein structures, and may thus be a general organizational principle of all biological systems.
Contribuciones de la salud y la seguridad en el trabajo a la calidad de la vida laboral: una reflexión analítica

The purpose of Quality of Working Life (QWL) and Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is welfare, productivity and worker protection in the workplace. For this reason, the aim of this study is to understand the relationship between these two concepts and thus deduce their significance. The study was performed under a qualitative and descriptive approach due to its interpretativeinductive nature and hermeneutic design. This methodology is used to allow the understanding, explaining and interpreting of the theories proposed for QWL and its relationships with occupational health and safety as a decisive factor thereof. A literature search and content analysis was performed. The results of this analysis the evolution of concepts, their interrelationships and three approaches from OSH are presented. QWL has a comprehensive and multidimensional character, so intervention to issues affecting welfare of workers in their work and family environment is complemented by actions of OSH.
Two Different Approaches for Oral Administration of Voriconazole Loaded Formulations: Electrospun Fibers versus β-Cyclodextrin Complexes

In this work, a comparison between two different preparation methods for the improvement of dissolution rate of an antifungal agent is presented. Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) electrospun fibers and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) complexes, which were produced via an electrospinning process and an inclusion complexation method, respectively, were addressed for the treatment of fungal infections. Voriconazole (VRCZ) drug was selected as a model drug. PCL nanofibers were characterized on the basis of morphology while phase solubility studies for β-CDs complexes were performed. Various concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt %) of VRCZ were loaded to PCL fibers and β-CD inclusions to study the in vitro release profile as well as in vitro antifungal activity. The results clearly indicated that all formulations showed an improved VRCZ solubility and can inhibit fungi proliferation.
A Linguistic Study on Word Association Behavior of Turkish Speaking Children in Urban and Rural Settings: A Socio-Cognitive Perspective

Sozcuk cagrisimi, dilbilim, sinir-ruhbilim ve ruhdilbilim alanlarinda en cok kullanilan tekniklerden biridir.Soz konusu calismada arastirmaci yasanilan yerin cocuklarin dil gelisimi uzerinde etkili olup olmadigini ortaya cikarmak amaciyla bilissel bir bakis acisiyla sozcuk cagrisim testini kullanmistir. Bu calismada Ankara’nin kentsel ve kirsal bolgelerinde yasayan 11 yasindaki toplam 345 cocuga 12 uyarici sozcukten olusan bir liste sunulmustur ve akillarina gelen ilk bes sozcugu yazmalari istenmistir. Sozcuk cagrisim testine verilen cevaplarin analizi her iki grubun (koyde yasayanlar ve kentte yasayanlar) daha cok dizisel ve soyut cevaplar, daha az uyak cevaplar verdigini gostermistir. Gelisimsel gecisler her iki grupta da acik bir sekilde gorulmus olsa bile, kentte yasayan cocuklarin gelisimsel gecisleri koyde yasayan cocuklardan daha erken gerceklestirmis olduklari bulunmustur
Grouping web image search result

In this paper, we propose a Web image search result organizing method to facilitate user browsing. We formalize this problem as a salient image region pattern extraction problem. Given the images returned by Web search engine, we first segment the images into homogeneous regions and quantize the environmental regions into image codewords. The salient codeword "phrases" are then extracted and ranked based on a regression model learned from human labeled training data. According to the salient "phrases", images are assigned to different clusters, with the one nearest to the centroid as the entry for the corresponding cluster. Satisfying experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Combining learned controllers to achieve new goals based on linearly solvable MDPs

Learning complicated behaviors usually involves intensive manual tuning and expensive computational optimization because we have to solve a nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation. Recently, Todorov proposed a class of the so-called Linearly solvable Markov Decision Process (LMDP) which converts a nonlinear HJB equation to a linear differential equation. Linearity of the simplified HJB equation allows us to apply superposition to derive a new composite controller from a set of learned primitive controllers. However, his method was a model-based approach and it was not evaluated in a real domain. This study proposes a model-free method which is similar to the Least Squares Temporal Difference (LSTD) learning. In this method, the exponentially transformed cost function can be regarded as the discount factor in LSTD. Our proposed method is applied to learning walking behaviors with the quadruped robot to evaluate in real robot experiments. The goal of each primitive task is to go to the specific target position in the environment and that of the composite task is to approach arbitrary region represented by the primitives' target positions. Experimental results show that the composite policy can be used as a good initial policy for the new task.
A Semantic Overlay Network for P2P Schema-Based Data Integration

Today data sources are pervasive and their number is growing tremendously. Current tools are not prepared to exploit this unprecedented amount of information and to cope with this highly heterogeneous, autonomous and dynamic environment. In this paper, we propose a novel semantic overlay network architecture, PARIS, aimed at addressing these issues. In PARIS, the combination of decentralized semantic data integration with gossip-based (unstructured) overlay topology management and (structured) distributed hash tables provides the required level of flexibility, adaptability and scalability, and still allows to perform rich queries on a number of autonomous data sources. We describe the logical model that supports the architecture and show how its original topology is constructed. We present the usage of the system in detail, in particular, the algorithms used to let new peers join the network and to execute queries on top of it and show simulation results that assess the scalability and robustness of the architecture.
Iterative receivers with bit-level cancellation and detection for MIMO-BICM systems

The multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) detection in the iterative receiver is investigated for a modulation of square constellation. For computationally efficient MIMO detection, we employ the hard-decision bit-level cancellation (BLC) to reduce the dimension of the MIMO detection as it has advantages over the symbol-level cancellation: 1) it can provide better performance and 2) the extrinsic bit information can be directly used for the BLC. A set of reliably decoded bits from the channel decoder in iterations is used for hard-decision BLC to approximate the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) detection under the partial MAP detection principle. For the bits that are not canceled, the nulling using projection is employed to approximate the MAP detection. This approach is applicable for a lower order modulation. For a higher order modulation, the minimum mean square error (MMSE) filtering with soft-decision cancellation (SC) is applied to further mitigate the bits that are not canceled.
MPSoC based dynamic power management in wireless sensor networks

In the last few years, interest in wireless sensor networks has increased considerably. These networks can be useful for a large number of applications, including habitat monitoring, structural health monitoring, pipeline monitoring, transportation, precision agriculture, supply chain management, and many more. Typically, a wireless sensor network consists of a large number of simple nodes which operate with exhaustible batteries, unattended. Manual replacement or recharging the batteries is not an easy or desirable task. Hence, how energy is utilized by the various hardware subsystems of individual nodes directly affects the scope and usefulness of the entire network. This paper provides a comprehensive Assessment of MPSoC based dynamic power management (DPM) in wireless sensor networks. It investigates aspects of power dissipation in a node and analyses the strength and limitations of selective switching, dynamic frequency, and voltage scaling.
Seasonal Effects in a Lake Sediment Archaeal Community of the Brazilian Savanna

The Cerrado is a biome that corresponds to 24% of Brazil's territory. Only recently microbial communities of this biome have been investigated. Here we describe for the first time the diversity of archaeal communities from freshwater lake sediments of the Cerrado in the dry season and in the transition period between the dry and rainy seasons, when the first rains occur. Gene libraries were constructed, using Archaea-specific primers for the 16S rRNA and amoA genes. Analysis revealed marked differences between the archaeal communities found in the two seasons. I.1a and I.1c Thaumarchaeota were found in greater numbers in the transition period, while MCG Archaea was dominant on the dry season. Methanogens were only found in the dry season. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequences revealed lower diversity on the transition period. We detected archaeal amoA sequences in both seasons, but there were more OTUs during the dry season. These sequences were within the same cluster as Nitrosotalea devanaterra's amoA gene. The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) test revealed significant differences between samples from different seasons. These results provide information on archaeal diversity in freshwater lake sediments of the Cerrado and indicates that rain is likely a factor that impacts these communities.
Cooperstock is Wrong: the Dark Matter is Necessary

An example of mind blowing is the Dr. Cooperstock. First his attempt was to deny the Standards of Metrology (within "Energy Localization hypothesis"). I have arguments against his idea. Then he came up with another mind abuse: absence of long detected Dark Matter. In the following I am defending the Dark Matter from the nihilistic aggression of Dr. Cooperstock. Speaking of nihilism, the most grim picture is in Quantum Mechanics of Niels Bohr. In 2015 they have "proved" in elitist "Nature", that Schr"odinger's Cat is real. Thus, the world does not exist: a thing can not both be and not be. It is very convenient now: if even a grain of sand is crazy hallucination (like the "proven" "reality" of undead cat), then this non-existent grain needs no divine (loved, but more often hated) Creator. The reason of delusion: they have missed an intelligent factors, e.g. evil spirits, which very often act on the measuring device. Recall the wrong alarms in atomic armies.
Maximum entropy estimation for feature forests

An algorithm is proposed for maximum entropy modeling. It enables probabilistic modeling of complete structures, such as transition sequences in Markov models and parse trees, without dividing them into independent sub-events. A probabilistic event is represented by a feature forest, which is a packed representation of features with ambiguities. The parameters are efficiently estimated by traversing each node in a feature forest by dynamic programming. Experiments showed the algorithm worked efficiently even when ambiguities in a feature forest cause an exponential explosion of unpacked structures.
A Fulcrum of Change: From Self-Stigma to Resilience

This conceptual article has 2 major goals. The first goal is to explain the benefits of conducting comprehensive studies of resilience for adults who have a stigmatizing condition or who have a family member or close friend with a stigmatizing condition. The second goal is to propose a model that illuminates how 3 perceptual components of self-stigmatization (concordant/discordant views of self, balance of power, and social distance) mediate the change toward resilience on an ongoing basis in varying social contexts through the development of competence, compassion for others, and self-compassion. Competence, compassion for others, and compassion for self potentially moderate the harmful effects of self-stigmatization, fit with the overarching themes required for resilience and self-determination, and underscore the critical need to implement and sustain widespread changes in communities, society, and culture.
Adaptive Layered Approach using C5.0 Decision Tree for Intrusion Detection Systems (ALIDS)

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is one of a crucial issue and a major research problem in network security. This work, An Adaptive multi-Layer Intrusion Detection System (ALIDS) is designed and developed to achieve high efficiency, scalability, flexibility and improve the detection and classification rate accuracy. We apply C5 decision tree on our model. Our experimental results showed that the proposed ALIDS model with different order of training classes enhances the accuracy of U2R and R2L.
Parallelisation of Genetic Algorithms for Solving University Timetabling Problems

Genetic algorithms play an important role in solving many optimisation problems. The paper concentrates on the design of a parallel genetic algorithm for obtaining acceptable and possibly good university timetables. Some known parallelisation techniques are introduced and the chosen implementation using MPI platform is shown. The master-slave management structure is assumed and the system scalability and the solution quality as function of the processing node number and population size are estimated
Effects of Weak Gravitational Lensing from Large-Scale Structure on the Determination of q0

Weak gravitational lensing by large-scale structure affects the determination of the cosmological deceleration parameter q0. We find that the lensing induced dispersions on truly standard candles are 0.04 and 0.02 mag at redshift z = 1 and z = 0.5, respectively, in a COBE-normalized cold dark matter universe with Ω0 = 0.40, Λ0 = 0.6, H = 65 km s-1 Mpc-1, and σ8 = 0.79. It is shown that one would observe q0 = -0.395−0.095+0.125 and q0 = -0.398−0.077+0.048 (the error bars are 2 σ limits) with standard candles with zero intrinsic dispersion at redshift z = 1 and z = 0.5, respectively, compared to the truth of q0 = -0.400. A standard COBE normalized Ω0 = 1 CDM model would produce three times as much variance and a mixed (hot and cold) dark matter model would lead to an intermediate result. One unique signature of this dispersion effect is its non-Gaussianity. Although the lensing induced dispersion at lower redshift is still significantly smaller than the currently best observed (total) dispersion of 0.12 mag in a sample of type Ia supernovae, selected with the multicolor light curve shape method, it becomes significant at higher redshift. We show that there is an optimal redshift, in the range z ~ 0.5-2.0 depending on the amplitude of the intrinsic dispersion of the standard candles, at which q0 can be most accurately determined.
Binge-Eating Disorder: A Primer for Professional Counselors

Binge-Eating Disorder (BED) is a primary diagnosis listed in the Feeding and Eating Disorders chapter of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). Although BED is considered one of the most common eating disorders, symptoms often go unrecognized and untreated (Striegel-Moore et al. 2010). In this article, BED criteria are reviewed and guidelines for assessment, diagnosis, and treatment are offered. A case study is also provided to illustrate the application of BED utilizing best practices.
Deterministic flow marking for IPv6 traceback (DFM6)

Although some security threats were taken into consideration in the IPv6 design, DDoS attacks still exist in the IPv6 networks. The main difficulty to counter the DDoS attacks is to trace the source of such attacks, as the attackers often use spoofed source IP addresses to hide their identity. This makes the IP traceback schemes very relevant to the security of the IPv6 networks. Given that most of the current IP traceback approaches are based on the IPv4, they are not suitable to be applied directly on the IPv6 networks. In this research, a modified version of the Deterministic Flow Marking (DFM) approach for the IPv6 networks, called DFM6, is presented. DFM6 embeds a fingerprint in only one packet of each flow to identify the origin of the IPv6 traffic traversing through the network. DFM6 requires only a small amount of marked packets to complete the process of traceback with high traceback rate and no false positives.
Fusion of multiple positioning algorithms

With the proliferation of location based services (LBS), various indoor positioning techniques have been explored based on received signal strength (RSS). To improve performance, many hybrid or fusion approaches have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, a new fusion approach is proposed to achieve better positioning performance, with a focus on the optimal utilization of RSS measurements in wireless local area network (WLAN). First, a fusion architecture is developed to make use of multiple observations from the different positioning algorithms and by employing this architecture, more than 20 percent reduction in the mean distance error is achieved. Additionally, a novel online training method is employed to estimate the covariance of the observations to achieve further improvement.
Journal of Informetrics

This study reports a positive correlation between impact factor and article number in scholarly journals. High impact journals publish more articles. Quality and quantity are positively correlated. This is a common trend in different disciplines as revealed by empirical data. The correlation is obscure in a direct plot of article number versus impact factor. A plot of accumulated article number versus normalized rank of impact factor clearly demonstrates the correlation. The reasons behind this correlation are discussed.