Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Climate change and rainstorms in East China

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Abstract The paper aims to investigate the occurrences of rainstorms and their relationship with the climate change scenario. The study period under investigation refers to the period of greatest recent warming between 1976–2000 whereas the study area covers China east of 105 E longitude. This region is commonly considered to be controlled by the 5 monsoon type of climate over East Asia. Positive (increasing) trends of rainstorm occurrences, both in annual and summer respects, have been shown for subtropical China whereas a non-uniform picture is associated with temperate China. The increase of rainstorms in subtropical China corresponds with an increasing trend of precipitation. At the same time, subtropical China 10 experiences a mostly decreasing recent temperature change. No clear evidence could, however, be proved for a direct linkage between increasing temperatures and greater rainstorm occurrences. Within the climate change scenario a great risk of rainstorm occurrences must be regarded as part of the increasing risk of extreme weather events. Rainstorm occurrences are of a great practical importance as they increase the risk 15 for environmental hazards such as landslides, landslips and floods. Landuse planners must therefore pay a great attention to an increasing number of rainstorms and their adverse risk impact on the environment. Such practical aspects need particular attention in subtropical China as the region of largest increase of rainstorm occurrences and where, at the same time, the mountains 20 and hilly landscapes are particularly hazard-prone to landslides and floods.
Admitting the Inadmissible: Adjoint Formulation for Incomplete Cost Functionals in Aerodynamic Optimization

We derive the adjoint equations for problems in aerodynamic optimization which are improperly considered as ``inadmissible''''. For example, a cost functional which depends on the density, rather than on the pressure, is considered ``inadmissible'''' for an optimization problem governed by the Euler equations. We show that for such problems additional terms should be included in the Lagrangian functional when deriving the adjoint equations. These terms are obtained from the restriction of the interior PDE to the control surface. Demonstrations of the explicit derivation of the adjoint equations for ``inadmissible'''' cost functionals are given for the potential, Euler, and Navier-Stokes equations.
Achieving higher throughput in STBC-OFDM systems using non-linear modulation techniques

The combination of Space Time (ST) coding and Continuous-Phase Modulation (CPM) produces a low power, energy efficient communication scheme suitable for wireless transmission. Space-time coding increases the reliability of transmission, and continuous-phase modulation (CPM) has the potential to provide considerable energy savings. In this paper, we show the performance of STBC-OFDM-CPM with different modulation indices and different subcarriers for Gaussian channels and Rayleigh fading environment.
Omnidirectional Circularly Polarised Microstrip Patch Antenna

An omnidirectional circularly-polarised patch antenna is proposed. The antenna radiates right-handed circular-polarisation with an average axial ratio of 2.3 dB over a full 360°. A shallow diagonal CPW inset-feed was used to achieve good matching to the back-to-back coupled patches, providing a measured S11<−15 dB at the centre frequency. The measured cross-polar performance is better than 13 dB and the realised gain variation is ∼3 dB in the plane normal to the substrate.
BRANCHING OUT FROM AUTISTIC SAVANTISM: IDENTFYING AND DEFINING AUTISTIC CRYPTO-SAVANTISM IN INDIVIDUALS WITH NON-VERBAL/VERBAL LOW-FUNCTIONING AUTISM

With the escalating prevalence of autism spectrum disorder, there is also an increasing number of autistic savants, who besides their autistic disorder, also possess both extraordinary special abilities and remarkable memory. Within this group of autistic savants, there is a hidden category of low-functioning individuals with autism first identified by Rimland (1990) as autistic crypto-savants – unable to communicate (with little or no speech) but possess savant talents hidden, or remained secret, and are unknown to those around them. The existence of such individuals cannot be denied unless proven otherwise. Hence, in this paper the authors hope to focus on two key issues: firstly, the need to fully understand and explain their aetiologies; and secondly, with no conclusions drawn currently, the need to fully explore the ramifications of autistic crypto-savants. The term autistic crypto-savantism and its definition, like the broader term autism, has evolved over the past decades due to better understanding and/or new discoveries. Hence, the authors of this paper strongly feel that there is a need to re-examine the existence of autistic crypto-savantism within the wider context of autistic savantism and current definition of autism. Article visualizations:
Battery Pack Grouping and Capacity Improvement for Electric Vehicles Based on a Genetic Algorithm

This paper proposes an optimal grouping method for battery packs of electric vehicles (EVs). Based on modeling the vehicle powertrain, analyzing the battery degradation performance and setting up the driving cycle of an EV, a genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to optimize the battery grouping topology with the objective of minimizing the total cost of ownership (TCO). The battery capacity and the serial and parallel amounts of the pack can thus be determined considering the influence of battery degradation. The results show that the optimized pack grouping can be solved by GA within around 9 min. Compared with the results of maximum discharge efficiency within a fixed lifetime, the proposed method can not only achieve a higher discharge efficiency, but also reduce the TCO by 2.29%. To enlarge the applications of the proposed method, the sensitivity to driving conditions is also analyzed to further prove the feasibility of the proposed method.
Improved water allocation utilizing probabilistic climate forecasts: Short‐term water contracts in a risk management framework

Probabilistic, seasonal to interannual streamflow forecasts are becoming increasingly available as the ability to model climate teleconnections is improving. However, water managers and practitioners have been slow to adopt such products, citing concerns with forecast skill. Essentially, a management risk is perceived in “gambling” with operations using a probabilistic forecast, while a system failure upon following existing operating policies is “protected” by the official rules or guidebook. In the presence of a prescribed system of prior allocation of releases under different storage or water availability conditions, the manager has little incentive to change. Innovation in allocation and operation is hence key to improved risk management using such forecasts. A participatory water allocation process that can effectively use probabilistic forecasts as part of an adaptive management strategy is introduced here. Users can express their demand for water through statements that cover the quantity needed at a particular reliability, the temporal distribution of the “allocation,” the associated willingness to pay, and compensation in the event of contract nonperformance. The water manager then assesses feasible allocations using the probabilistic forecast that try to meet these criteria across all users. An iterative process between users and water manager could be used to formalize a set of short‐term contracts that represent the resulting prioritized water allocation strategy over the operating period for which the forecast was issued. These contracts can be used to allocate water each year/season beyond long‐term contracts that may have precedence. Thus, integrated supply and demand management can be achieved. In this paper, a single period multiuser optimization model that can support such an allocation process is presented. The application of this conceptual model is explored using data for the Jaguaribe Metropolitan Hydro System in Ceara, Brazil. The performance relative to the current allocation process is assessed in the context of whether such a model could support the proposed short‐term contract based participatory process. A synthetic forecasting example is also used to explore the relative roles of forecast skill and reservoir storage in this framework.
Collecting and integrating heterogenous biologic data on the Web : Xmap, a solution in the field of human transcript annotation

Answering biological questions frequently requires multiple queries through various sources disseminated on the Web. Encountered problems have been analyzed here in the frame of a study aimed at correlating any novel human transcript of interest with possibly co-localized orphan pathologies. An information retrieval scenario has been formalized on the basis of sessions where data were collected manually. The retrieval process has been modelled for each step in a generic manner, taking into account source multiplicity with regards to a given query and the possibility to estimate source quality. A data model has been designed using the XML standard to represent in an integrated way the collected data as well as information about the session. These proposals have been implemented as a browsing assistant (Xmap INTERACTIVE) with its simplified but automatic version (Xmap AUTO). Results of a test involving 164 arbitrarily chosen transcripts show that Xmap AUTO usage can be advantageously completed by Xmap INTERACTIVE. Generalization of the proposed solutions to other scenarios and/or biological
The Discrete Objects in the Effective Topos

The original aim of this paper was to give a rather quick and undemanding proof that the effective topos contains two non-trivial small (i.e. internal) full subcategories which are closed under all small limits in the topos (and hence in particular are internally complete). The interest in such subcategories arises from the fact that they provide a very natural notion of model for many of the strongly polymorphic type theories. The nature of these models is that types are interpreted as objects of the topos, and hence as 'sets' in an intuitionistic sense. They in fact provide 'set-theoretic' models in the sense of Reynolds [16], except that the set-theory involved is non-classical. At the end of the paper we indicate briefly how one (only) of the two full subcategories gives rise to a model of the theory of constructions. This sheds some light on how far we can travel with a simple set-theoretic picture of data types. However, our main concern is to present a clean mathematical characterization of the complete subcategories. The basic idea, due to Peter Freyd, remains very simple—it is that the collection of objects orthogonal to any given object is automatically closed under all existing limits, and to look at the objects orthogonal to the subobject classifier in the effective topos. However, one of our original motivations for writing this paper was that we did not quite believe Freyd's identification of this category. During the course of the paper we shall show that the category of (families of) objects in ^"orthogonal to Q is the category of (families of) subquotients of N. The chain of reasoning now proceeds by saying that this second category is equivalent to the externalisation of an internal category, and that the internal category is therefore small complete. Somewhat to our surprise, it was this second stage, trivial for an internal category in Sfe&, that we found difficulty in making precise, and it is in the discussion of notions of equivalence and completeness for internal categories and fibrations that much of the content of the paper now lies. We should warn the reader that even so our treatment is not exhaustive. We discuss only two notions (weak and strong) of equivalence for internal or fibred categories, and only two notions of completeness. Our definitions are welladapted for our present purposes, corresponding more or less to the distinction between being told for any instance of a given set of parameters that there is an object with certain properties, and being given a function that produces one. Let C be a small full subcategory of a topos (see § 3 for details) which is closed under arbitrary products. Then C cannot contain Q, the object of truth values (in fact C cannot contain any object into which Q embeds)—for if A is the disjoint union of the sets in C, then Q^eC, and hence Q^y^A, which contradicts one of the constructive versions of Cantor's theorem. This argument runs parallel
ENDOPHYTES IN THE BUDS OF SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.)

Although microbes are generally found as endophytes in many plant tissues, the plant shoot meristems have been considered virtually sterile. Plant tissue culture, which utilizes mostly the meristems, has nevertheless given numerous references to microbial existence in these tissues. Since the bud-derived tissue cultures of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) also become easily occupied by microbes, microbial presence was considered to be one potential cause of the low regeneration capacity of tissues from mature trees. The origin of the microbes occurring in tissue cultures of buds of Scots pine was established in this study. One of the microbes, classified as Hormonema dematioides (Ascomycota), was localized in the scale tissues of a bud. Several other microbes were detected, and were associated especially with the meristematic tissues of Scots pine buds. This group was comprised of the yeast Rhodotorula minuta, and bacteria belonging to Methylobacterium spp. , the Pseudomonas fluorescens subgroup, and a Mycobacterium sp. These endophytes were located particularly in the outermost cells of meristems, in the epithelial cells of resin ducts, and in the cells of the developing stem, in the vicinity of the meristems. These endophytes were less frequently found in the vascular tissue or in the intercellular spaces of cells, which are typical locations for the previously known endophytic bacteria. The meristem-associated endophytes were discovered to affect growth of pine tissues, and some of them produced substances that are suitable as precursors for phytohormone synthesis. Additionally, pure cultures of both bacterial and fungal endophytes showed antagonism in vitro against pathogens. When the correlation between the presence endophytes and the degeneration of bud-derived tissue cultures of Scots pine was studied, it was discovered that the endophytes grew uncontrollably once a tissue culture was initiated from the bud. A high level of chitinase production was also detected in these tissue cultures, which was considered to be indicative of a defense reaction. However, the endophytes were not found to colonize excessively in every tissue, but all bud-derived tissue cultures of Scots pine eventually degenerate. Therefore, it was concluded that the endophytes may not exclusively be considered responsible for the degeneration of the cultures.
Research on Chinese Question Classification Based on Hownet and Dependency Parsing

Question classification is an important part of Chinese question answering system, and the result of question classification directly affects the quality of question answering. This paper presents a new method on feature extraction for question classification. HowNet and dependency parsing are used in this new method. The classification experimental results using SVM classifier have shown that the model proposed in the paper is effective in improving question classification accuracy.
A Highly Available Network File Server

This paper presents the design and implementation of a Highly Available Network File Server (HA-NFS). We separate the problem of network (cid:12)le server reliability into three di(cid:11)erent subproblems: server reliability, disk reliability, and network reliability. HA-NFS o(cid:11)ers a di(cid:11)erent solution for each: dual-ported disks and impersonation are used to provide server reliability, disk mirroring can be used to provide disk reliability, and optional network replication can be used to provide network reliability. The implementation shows that HA-NFS provides high availability without the excessive resource overhead or the performance degradation that characterize traditional replication methods. Ongoing operations are not aborted during fail-over and recovery is completely transparent to applications. HA-NFS adheres to the NFS protocol standard and can be used by existing NFS clients without modi(cid:12)cation.
Machine learning for metagenomics: methods and tools

Owing to the complexity and variability of metagenomic studies, modern machine learning approaches have seen increased usage to answer a variety of question encompassing the full range of metagenomic NGS data analysis. We review here the contribution of machine learning techniques for the field of metagenomics, by presenting known successful approaches in a unified framework. This review focuses on five important metagenomic problems: OTU-clustering, binning, taxonomic profling and assignment, comparative metagenomics and gene prediction. For each of these problems, we identify the most prominent methods, summarize the machine learning approaches used and put them into perspective of similar methods. We conclude our review looking further ahead at the challenge posed by the analysis of interactions within microbial communities and different environments, in a field one could call "integrative metagenomics".
An Improved Proper-Motion Catalog Combining USNO-B and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

An improved proper-motion catalog is presented, combining the USNO-B and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) catalogs in the area of sky covered by SDSS Data Release 1 (DR1; 2099 deg2). USNO-B positions are recalibrated using SDSS galaxies, and proper motions are recomputed including both the USNO-B and SDSS positions. Statistical errors in the USNO-B proper motions are decreased by roughly 20%–30%, systematic errors are greatly reduced, and the proper motions are placed on an absolute reference frame. Requiring a match to an SDSS object removes the large number of false high proper motion objects in USNO-B. The resultant catalog is 90% complete to g < 19.7, with statistical errors in the component proper motions of roughly 3–3.5 mas yr-1, substantially smaller systematic errors, and a contamination rate of less than 0.5%. A number of studies are currently underway using proper motions from this catalog. The catalog is available via ftp.
The Virtual World Gets Physical: Perspectives on Personalization

MusicFX and GroupCast illustrate some benefits possible from extending the personalization of electronic content in the virtual world to applications in the physical world. Utilizing individual preferences in the physical world, particularly in public spaces, infringes on people's privacy more than it does in the virtual world, where it is easier to maintain different addresses and aliases that can shield or mask personal details from online interactions. However, the use of these preferences in a group context, where some degree of plausible deniability exists, may diminish people's concerns. If sufficient benefits are provided - think of a world without "elevator music" - people might even embrace the technologies that will make adaptive environments possible.
Method of Influence Coefficients for Kinematic and Dynamic Modeling of Robotic Systems

In this paper, a summary of the method of influence coefficients for kinematic and dynamic modeling is presented and extended to kinematic trees. This method allows the decoupling of the parameters defining the system's geometry and mass properties from the time states of the generalized coordinates used to define the system, which further allows for the kinematic and dynamic models to be transformed from one set of coordinates to another in a purely algebraic manner. For a multi-input-multi-output system such as a planar or spatial robotic system, the first-order influence coefficients are matrices, while the second-order influence coefficients are arrays of matrices. This paper starts by describing the structure of these coefficients followed by a description of the algebraic operations involving these. Next, an approach to compute the kinematic influence coefficients for kinematic trees of general geometry is presented followed by a description of the computations involved in determining the inertial influence coefficients used to compute the inertial forces acting on the system. The transformation of the influence coefficients from one set of generalized coordinates to another is also shown. Finally, a planar mechanism with seven joints and two end-effectors is used to illustrate the use of the method and to convert an open-loop mechanism into a closed-loop one.
Analisis Motivasi, Kemampuan, Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Hotel Sanjaya Putussibau Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu

Saypril Ansari. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Terbuka. Menganalisis motivasi, kemampuan, kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di Hotel Sanjaya Putussibau Kabupaten Hulu. Latar belakang penelitian adalah Jumlah Hotel di Kota Putussibau semakin meningkat. Hal ini berarti semakin ketat pula persaingan untuk menarik konsumen dalam pasar jasa penginapan. Secara umum tingkat hunian kamar pada Hotel Sanjaya Putussibau setiap tahun mengalami peningkatan pada setiap jenis kamar yang terkadang belum terisi. Manager Hotel belum berperan secara baik, kurang memotivasi karyawan serta msih terdapatnya jam kerja yang belum terjadwal dengan baik sehingga karyawan merasa kurang dihargai. Mengatasi fenomena di atas diperlukan motivasi, kemampuan dan kepuasan kerja agar kinerja karyawan semakin baik guna memberikan pelayanan terbaik kepada setiap tamu yang menginap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh simultan variable motivasi, kemampuan, kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara parsial motivasi, kemampuan, kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Untuk mengetahui variable motivasi merupakan variable yang paling dominan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja karyawan. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian survey yaitu dengan mengambil sampel dari suatu populasi dengan menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengumpul data. Hasil penelitian bahwa ada pengaruh motivasi, kemampuan, kepuasan kerja baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial terhadap kinerja karyawan pada hotel Sanjaya Putussibau Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Hasil ini didukung oleh jawaban responden tentang ketiga variable bebas tersebut yang lebih banyak pada skor 4 yang berarti bahwa motivasi, kemampuan, kepuasan kerja sebagai variable penting yang mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan.
Spontaneous Recovery from Extinction Depends on the Reconsolidation of the Acquisition Memory in an Appetitive Learning Paradigm in the Honeybee (Apis mellifera)

Memory retrieval initiates two consolidation processes: consolidation of an extinction memory and reconsolidation of the acquisition memory. The strength of the consolidation processes depends on both the strength of the acquisition memory and the strength of retrieval trials and is correlated with its sensitivity to inhibition. We demonstrate that in the honeybee (Apis mellifera), memory retrieval of a consolidated appetitive olfactory memory leads to both consolidation processes, depending on the number of retrieval trials. Spontaneous recovery from extinction is induced by many (five), but not by few (one and two), retrieval trials. Spontaneous recovery is blocked by emetine, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. We conclude that reconsolidation of the acquisition memory underlies spontaneous recovery.