Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metabolic disorders related to obesity and periodontal disease.

Being overweight and obese are important riskfactors for various adult diseases, including type 2diabetes, hyperlipemia, hypertension, cholelithiasis,arteriosclerosis, and cardiovascular and cerebro-vascular disease (31). Type 2 diabetes is rapidlybecoming prevalent in Japan and the U.S.A. and ismuch more common in the obese. Cardiovasculardisease is the most common cause of death and ac-counts for more than 17 million deaths annually. TheWorld Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 1billion people were overweight [body mass index(BMI) > 25] or obese (BMI > 30) in 2005 and thenumber will increase to 1.5 billion by 2015 if currenttrends continue (85). Although obesity was onceconsidered a health problem only in wealthy coun-tries, the WHO now states that obesity is rising dra-matically in poor and intermediate countries. This isthe result of a number of lifestyle-related factors,including a global shift in diet towards increasedenergy, fat, and sugar intake, and a trend towardsdecreased physical activity because of the sedentarynature of modern work and transportation.Recently, obesity has emerged as one of the riskindicators of periodontal disease (Fig. 1A) and con-versely, the remote effects of periodontal disease onvarious systemic diseases have been proposed(Fig. 2). Among the systemic health disorders shownin Fig. 2, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseaseare established obesity-related diseases (25, 31, 45,67). If obesity is a true risk factor for periodontaldisease, the association among periodontal disease,obesity, and type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular diseasemust be very complex because each is a confoundingfactor for the other. In addition, several studies havesuggested that periodontal disease affects both glu-cose and lipid metabolisms, which are themselvesvery important factors in the development of bothtype 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Consid-ering these issues, the knowledge from various recentreports must be consolidated. The ﬁrst part of thisdocument reviews the relationship between obesityand periodontal disease. Then, it reviews and dis-cusses reports on the inﬂuence of periodontal diseaseon obesity-related metabolic disorders, such as glu-cose and lipid metabolism, which cause glucoseintolerance and dyslipidemia.
Monte Carlo transition probabilities. II

The macroscopic quantizations of matter into macro-atoms and radiant and thermal energies into r- and k-energy packets initiated in Paper I is completed with the definition of transition probabilities governing energy flows to and from the thermal pool. The resulting Monte Carlo method is then applied to the problem of computing the hydrogen spectrum of a Type II supernova. This test problem is used to demonstrate the scheme's consistency as the number of energy packets N ->infinity, to investigate the accuracy of Monte Carlo estimators of radiative rates, and to illustrate the convergence characteristics of the geometry-independent, constrained Lambda-iteration method employed to obtain the NLTE stratifications of temperature and level populations. In addition, the method's potential, when combined with analytic ionization and excitation formulae, for obtaining useful approximate NLTE solutions is emphasized.
Quivers with relations arising from clusters $(A_n$ case)

Cluster algebras were introduced by S. Fomin and A. Zelevinsky in connection with dual canonical bases. Let U be a cluster algebra of type A_n. We associate to each cluster C of U an abelian category Cat_C such that the indecomposable objects of Cat_C are in natural correspondence with the cluster variables of U which are not in C. We give an algebraic realization and a geometric realization of Cat_C. Then, we generalize the ``denominator Theorem'' of Fomin and Zelevinsky to any cluster.
A K-Band Aperture-Coupled Microstrip Leaky-Wave Antenna

Microstrip leaky-wave antenna fed by an aperture-coupled microstrip operating at K-band is presented. Using the aperture-coupled microstrip as a feeding structure can fully exploit the wideband characteristic of the microstrip leakywave antenna. The dimensions of the antenna are obtained from the calculation of the propagation characteristics. Measurement shows a bandwidth of 22% for VSWR < 2 : 1 and a peak power gain of 12 dBi at 22 GHz for one element. Four-element array is developed with a gain of 18.7 dBi and the frequency-scanning feature is exhibited. The waveguide model is verified by measuring the 3-D radiation pattern of the microstrip leaky-wave array. key words: K-band antenna, aperture-coupling, microstrip,
Report of the ILAE Classification Core Group

Summary: A Core Group of the Task Force on Classification and Terminology has evaluated the lists of epileptic seizure types and epilepsy syndromes approved by the General Assembly in Buenos Aires in 2001, and considered possible alternative systems of classification. No new classification has as yet been proposed. Because the 1981 classification of epileptic seizure types, and the 1989 classification of epilepsy syndromes and epilepsies are generally accepted and workable, they will not be discarded unless, and until, clearly better classifications have been devised, although periodic modifications to the current classifications may be suggested. At this time, however, the Core Group has focused on establishing scientifically rigorous criteria for identification of specific epileptic seizure types and specific epilepsy syndromes as unique diagnostic entities, and is considering an evidence‐based approach. The short‐term goal is to present a list of seizure types and syndromes to the ILAE Executive Committee for approval as testable working hypotheses, subject to verification, falsification, and revision. This report represents completion of this work. If sufficient evidence subsequently becomes available to disprove any hypothesis, the seizure type or syndrome will be reevaluated and revised or discarded, with Executive Committee approval. The recognition of specific seizure types and syndromes, as well as any change in classification of seizure types and syndromes, therefore, will continue to be an ongoing dynamic process. A major purpose of this approach is to identify research necessary to clarify remaining issues of uncertainty, and to pave the way for new classifications.
Enabling Efficient Registration using Adaptive Iterative Closest Keypoint

Registering frames of 3D sensor data is a key functionality in many robot applications, from multi-view 3D object recognition to SLAM. With the advent of cheap and widely available, so called, RGB-D sensors acquiring such data has become possible also from small robots or other mobile devices. Such robots and devices typically have limited resources and being able to perform registration in a computationally efficient manner is therefore very important. In our recent work [1] we proposed a fast and simple method for registering RGB-D data, building on the principle of the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. This paper outlines this new method and shows how it can facilitate a significant reduction in computational cost while maintaining or even improving performance in terms of accuracy and convergence properties. As a contribution we present a method to efficiently measure the quality of a found registration.
The Contribution of the Cerebello-thalamo-cortical Circuit to the Pathology of Non-dopaminergic Responsive Parkinson's Disease Symptoms

There exists a lack of consensus regarding how cerebellar over-activity might influence tremor in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Specifically, it is unclear whether resting or postural tremor are differentially affected by cerebellar dysfunction. It is important to note that previous studies have only evaluated the influence of inhibitory stimulation on the lateral cerebellum, and have not considered the medial cerebellum. Thus, the aim of the current study was to compare the effects of a low-frequency rTMS protocol applied to the medial versus lateral cerebellum to localize the effects of cerebellar over-activity. Fifty PD participants were randomly assigned to receive stimulation over the medial cerebellum (n=20), lateral cerebellum (n=20) or sham stimulation (n=10). 900 pulses were delivered at 1Hz at 120% resting motor threshold of the first dorsal interosseous muscle. Tremor was assessed quantitatively (before and after stimulation) using the Kinesia Homeview system which utilizes a wireless finger accelerometer to record tremor. The main finding was that resting tremor frequency was reduced in tremor-dominant individuals, regardless of whether stimulation was applied over the medial (p=0.024) or lateral (p=0.033) cerebellum, but not in the sham group. Given that the cerebellum is overactive in PD, the improvements in resting tremor following an inhibitory stimulation protocol suggest that over-activity in cerebellar nuclei may be involved in the generation of resting tremor in PD. Low-frequency rTMS over the medial or lateral cerebellum provides promise of an alternative treatment for tremor in PD, a symptom that is poorly responsive to dopaminergic replacement.
The Elliptic Gamma Function and SL(3, Z)⋉Z3

Abstract The elliptic gamma function is a generalization of the Euler gamma function and is associated to an elliptic curve. Its trigonometric and rational degenerations are the Jackson q-gamma function and the Euler gamma function, respectively. The elliptic gamma function appears in Baxter's formula for the free energy of the eight-vertex model and in the hypergeometric solutions of the elliptic qKZB equations. In this paper, the properties of this function are studied. In particular we show that elliptic gamma functions are generalizations of automorphic forms of G=SL(3, Z )⋉ Z 3 associated to a non-trivial class in H3(G, Z ).
Redshift evolution of clustering

We discuss how the redshift dependence of the observed two-point correlation function of various classes of objects can be related to theoretical predictions. This relation involves first a calculation of the redshift evolution of the underlying matter correlations. The next step is to relate fluctuations in mass to those of any particular class of cosmic objects; in general terms, this means a model for the bias and how it evolves with cosmic epoch. Only after these two effects have been quantified can one perform an appropriate convolution of the non-linearly evolved two-point correlation function of the objects with their redshift distribution to obtain the `observed' correlation function for a given sample. This convolution in itself tends to mask the effect of evolution by mixing amplitudes at different redshifts. We develop a formalism which incorporates these requirements and, in particular, a set of plausible models for the evolution of the bias factor. We apply this formalism to the spatial, angular and projected correlation functions from different samples of high-redshift objects, assuming a simple phenomenological model for the initial power-spectrum and an Einstein-de Sitter cosmological model. We find that our model is roughly consistent with data on the evolution of QSO and galaxy clustering, but only if the effective degree of biasing is small. We discuss the differences between our analysis and other theoretical studies of clustering evolution and argue that the dominant barrier to making definitive predictions is uncertainty about the appropriate form of the bias and its evolution with cosmic epoch.
EMOTION RECOGNITION AND EMOTION SPOTTING IMPROVEMENT USING FORMANT-RELATED FEATURES

Emotion has an important role in naturalness of man-machine communication. So, computerized emotion recognition from speech is investigated by many researchers in the recent decades. In this paper, the effect of formant-related features on improving the performance of emotion detection systems is experimented. To do this, various forms and combinations of the first three formants are concatenated to a popular feature vector and Gaussian mixture models are used as classifiers. Experimental results show average recognition rate of 69% in four emotional states and noticeable performance improvement by adding only one formant-related parameter to feature vector. The architecture of hybrid emotion recognition/spotting is also proposed based on the developed models.
Taming the Android AppStore: Lightweight Characterization of Android Applications

There are over 1.2 million applications on the Google Play store today with a large number of competing applications for any given use or function. This creates challenges for users in selecting the right application. Moreover, some of the applications being of dubious origin, there are no mechanisms for users to understand who the applications are talking to, and to what extent. In our work, we first develop a lightweight characterization methodology that can automatically extract descriptions of application network behavior, and apply this to a large selection of applications from the Google App Store. We find several instances of overly aggressive communication with tracking websites, of excessive communication with ad related sites, and of communication with sites previously associated with malware activity. Our results underscore the need for a tool to provide users more visibility into the communication of apps installed on their mobile devices. To this end, we develop an Android application to do just this; our application monitors outgoing traffic, associates it with particular applications, and then identifies destinations in particular categories that we believe suspicious or else important to reveal to the end-user.
Scaling Relation to Understand Non-Detection of Cold Gas at the Cluster Center

Recent XMM-Newton observations of clusters of galaxies have indicated the soft X-ray spectra to be inconsistent with the simple isobaric cooling flow model. There is almost no feature of the cold gas expected from the model. This shows that we have not yet understood the physics of the hot gas in clusters of galaxies well. A quantitative evaluation of the behavior of gas cooling is important not only for understanding the clusters, themselves, but also for studying cosmology and galaxy formation. To clarify the problem of this reported discrepancy, we have studied scaling relations for clusters of galaxies based on the self-similarity assumption. We also propose an observational strategy to solve this problem.
Subclinical Cardiovascular System Changes in Obese Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Objective. We aimed to determine the prevalence of excess body mass in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) children and to investigate the influence of obesity into the early, subclinical changes in cardiovascular system in these patients. Methods. Fifty-eight JIA patients, aged median 13 years, were compared to 36 healthy controls. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL-6, TNFα, adiponectin) were studied together with IMT (intima-media thickness), FMD (flow mediated dilation), and LVMi (left ventricle mass index) as surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. Results. Thirteen JIA children (22%) were obese and had increased systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, HOMA, hsCRP, and IL-6 compared to nonobese JIA and controls. FMD was decreased compared to nonobese JIA and controls, whereas IMT and LVMi were increased. In multivariate regression analysis, TNFα, SDS-BMI, and systolic blood pressure were independent predictors of early CV changes in JIA. Conclusions. Coincident obesity is common in JIA children and is associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and increased levels of inflammatory markers leading to early changes in cardiovascular system. Thus, medical care of children with JIA should include strategies preventing cardiovascular disease by maintenance of adequate body weight.
Towards Communication with Virtual Humans

Natural interaction between application user of a Virtual Environment (VE) and autonomous characters is a key challenge in enhancing the realism in virtual environments. Traditional interaction methods with autonomous characters such as virtual humans using keyboard and mouse do not provide an intuitive user experience. This paper presents an approach that enables user to communicate and control virtual humans in an intuitive manner compared to traditional approaches. Such a metaphors would significantly benefit the application domains such as training simulations, 3D social media networks and computer gaming. The approach uses head direction of user and voice commands in grabbing attention of a Virtual Human and initiating a conversation. The prototype implemented uses computer vision based head tracking approach with one web camera and four LEDs. The user study results show that the approach provides an enhanced user experience in the VE.
Learning in the context of sexual behaviour in insects

There has been little ecological and evolutionary research on learning in the context of sexual behaviour in insects. The traditional views still dominating the literature are that insects are short-lived and have little opportunity to learn about courtship and mating. In this paper I challenge these views by illustrating, theoretically, that at least some insects have ample opportunities to learn in the context of sexual behaviour and that such learning may be beneficial. Some of the best empirical evidence for learning about sexual behaviour in insects is reviewed and future directions in this fruitful area of research are suggested. The role of learning in insect sexual behaviour has probably been underestimated. Such learning may have had an important effect on sexual selection and incipient speciation.
Optimal Weighting for Operational Strategies of ERP Projects

This paper develops an evaluation model and two optimization models to set implementation weighting for the operational strategies of an enterprise resource planning (ERP) project in an organization. The evaluation model evaluates the operational strategies based on their contribution to the functional departments of the organization involved in the ERP project. To set the implementation priority for the operational strategies from the organization perspective, the two optimization models maximize the total implementation value for the organization by integrating its individual departments' implementation preferences on the operational strategies. An empirical study is conducted to demonstrate how these models can be used to determine an optimal implementation weighting for the operational strategies.
Capacity Analysis of Correlated Multiple Antenna Systems With Finite Rate Feedback

We consider in this paper the analysis of transmit beamforming methods in multiple antenna systems over correlated fading channels and with finite rate feedback of the channel state information. The problem is formulated as a general vector quantization problem with encoder side information, constrained quantization space and non-mean-square distortion function. By utilizing the high-resolution distortion analysis of the generalized quantizer, which is applicable to a wide range of scenarios, we obtain a tight lower bound on the capacity loss of the finite rate quantized MISO system over correlated fading channels. The lower bound of the capacity loss of correlated MISO channels is a generalization of existing results available for i.i. d. channels. The bound, in addition to providing insight into the exact nature of dependence of the quantization loss on the channel correlation matrix, indicates that the loss is less than that of the i.i. d. channels but with the same exponential decaying factor w.r. t. the feedback rate. The generality of the framework is further demonstrated by considering its application to the analysis of suboptimal mismatched channel quantizers, i.e. quantizers designed with an incorrect channel covariance matrix, and comparing it to systems with optimal quantizers. Finally, numerical and simulation results of the finite rate quantized MISO beamforming system with codebook designed by the Lloyd algorithm are presented that confirm the accuracy of the obtained analytical results.
The Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment: overview and airborne fire emission factor measurements

The Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment (TROFFEE) used laboratory measurements followed by airborne and ground based field campaigns during the 2004 Amazon dry season to quantify the emissions from pristine tropical forest and several plantations as well as the emissions, fuel consumption, and fire ecology of tropical deforestation fires. The airborne campaign used an Embraer 110B aircraft outfitted with whole air sampling in canisters, mass-calibrated nephelometry, ozone by UV absorbance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and proton-transfer mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) to measure PM10, O-3, CO2, CO, NO, NO2, HONO, HCN, NH3, OCS, DMS, CH4, and up to 48 non-methane organic compounds (NMOC). The Brazilian smoke/haze layers extended to 2 - 3 km altitude, which is much lower than the 5 - 6 km observed at the same latitude, time of year, and local time in Africa in 2000. Emission factors (EF) were computed for the 19 tropical deforestation fires sampled and they largely compare well to previous work. However, the TROFFEE EF are mostly based on a much larger number of samples than previously available and they also include results for significant emissions not previously reported such as: nitrous acid, acrylonitrile, pyrrole, methylvinylketone, methacrolein, crotonaldehyde, methylethylketone, methylpropanal, '' acetol plus methylacetate,'' furaldehydes, dimethylsulfide, and C-1-C-4 alkyl nitrates. Thus, we recommend these EF for all tropical deforestation fires. The NMOC emissions were similar to 80% reactive, oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOC). Our EF for PM10 (17.8 +/- 4 g/kg) is similar to 25% higher than previously reported for tropical forest fires and may reflect a trend towards, and sampling of, larger fires than in earlier studies. A large fraction of the total burning for 2004 likely occurred during a two-week period of very low humidity. The combined output of these fires created a massive '' mega-plume '' > 500 km across that we sampled on 8 September. The mega-plume contained high PM10 and 10 - 50 ppbv of many reactive species such as O-3, NH3, NO2, CH3OH, and organic acids. This is an intense and globally important chemical processing environment that is still poorly understood. The mega-plume or '' white ocean '' of smoke covered a large area in Brazil, Bolivia, and Paraguay for about one month. The smoke was transported > 2000 km to the southeast while remaining concentrated enough to cause a 3 - 4-fold increase in aerosol loading in the S (a) over tildeo Paulo area for several days.