Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organomineral fertilizer application enhances Perilla frutescens nutritional quality and rhizosphere microbial community stability in karst mountain soils

Introduction Applications of organomineral fertilizer (OMF) are important measures for developing organic agriculture in karst mountain areas. However, the influence of OMF on the structure and function of soil microbial diversity and their relationship with crop yield and quality are still unclear. Methods Based on soil science, crop science, and high-throughput sequencing methods, we investigated the changes of rhizosphere soil microbial communities of Perilla frutescens under different fertilization measures. Then, the relationship between P. frutescens yield and quality with soil quality was analyzed. Results The results showed that the addition of OMF increased the amount of total carbon and total potassium in soil. OF, especially OMF, improved P. frutescens yield and quality (e.g., panicle number per plant, main panicle length, and unsaturated fatty acid contents). Both OF and OMF treatments significantly increased the enrichment of beneficial microorganism (e.g., Bacillus, Actinomadura, Candidatus_Solibacter, Iamia, Pseudallescheria, and Cladorrhinum). The symbiotic network analysis demonstrated that OMF strengthened the connection among the soil microbial communities, and the community composition became more stable. Redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling showed that the soil pH, available phosphorus, and available potassium were significantly correlated with soil microbial community diversity and P. frutescens yield and quality. Discussion Our study confirmed that OMF could replace CF or common OF to improve soil fertility, crop yield and quality in karst mountain soils.
Educational interventions to improve detection and management of cognitive decline in primary care—An Italian multicenter pragmatic study

Introduction Timely detection of cognitive decline in primary care is essential to promote an appropriate care pathway and enhance the benefits of interventions. We present the results of a study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention addressed to Italian family physicians (FPs) to improve timely detection and management of cognitive decline. Materials and methods We conducted a pre-post study in six Italian health authorities (HAs) involving 254 FPs and 3,736 patients. We measured process and outcome indicators before the intervention (1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016) and after the intervention (1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019). One interactive face-to-face session workshop was delivered by local cognitive disorders and dementia specialists and FP advisors at each HA, in the period September 2017–December 2017. The session focused on key messages of the local Diagnostic and Therapeutic Care Pathway (DTCP) or regional guidelines: (a) the role of the FP for a timely suspicion of cognitive decline is fundamental; (b) when cognitive decline is suspected, the role of the FP is active in the diagnostic work-up; (c) FP’s knowledge on pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions is essential to improve the management of patients with cognitive decline. Results An overall improvement in diagnostic procedures and management of patients with cognitive decline by FPs after the intervention was observed. The number of visits per year performed by FPs increased, and the time interval between the first FP consultation and the diagnosis was optimized. Neuroleptic use significantly decreased, whereas the use of benzodiazepines remained steadily high. Non-pharmacological interventions, or use of support services, were underrepresented even in the post-intervention. Differences among the participating HAs were identified and discussed. Discussion Results from this study suggest the success of the educational intervention addressed to FPs in improving early detection and management of cognitive decline, highlighting the importance to continue medical education in this field. At the same time, further initiatives of care pathway dissemination and implementation should promote strategies to enhance interactions between primary and secondary care optimizing the collaboration between FPs and specialists.
Lactate regulators contribute to tumor microenvironment and predict prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma

Background Lactic acid, as a product of glycolysis, increases tumor cell migration and the invasion of tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment. Besides this, lactic acid promotes the expression of programmed death-1 expression (PD-1) in regulatory T cells, which could cause the failure of PD-1 blockade therapy. However, the implications of lactic acid in the tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain largely unclear. Methods We performed unsupervised consensus clustering to identify lactic-associated subtypes using expression profile of lactate regulators in LUAD. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with lactic-associated subtypes was used to construct lactate signature (LaSig) using LASSO regression algorithm. Immune infiltration analysis was conducted by ESTIMATER and drug sensitivity was estimated by R package called “pRRophetic”. The difference between two groups was calculated using Wilcox rank sum test and correlation analysis was calculated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results In this study, we evaluated DNA methylation and the mutation frequency of lactate regulators and found lactate regulators showed low mutation frequency in the TCGA-LUAD cohort, except TP53. At the RNA level, the expression level of lactate regulators was significantly associated with the immune cell component. In particular, expression of LDHA was positively correlated with CD4 T cell, CD8 T cell, M1 macrophages, and the enrichment score of multiple immune pathways. Two clusters were defined using the gene expression level of lactate regulators, and LDHA was significantly upregulated in cluster 1 with poor overall survival. A lactate signature (LaSig) had a robust performance in predicting the survival rate and immunotherapy response of LUAD patients. Moreover, patients in the high LaSig group may be more likely to benefit from these drugs (Cisplatin, Erlotinib, Gemcitabine, and Vinblastine) than those in the low LaSig group. Conclusion In summary, our study explores the role of lactate regulators in guiding the clinical treatment of lung adenocarcinoma and provides additional help to supplement traditional molecular subtypes.
Encapsulation of bioactive compounds extracted from date palm seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) and their use in functional food

Liposomes have been used as a novel phytoconstituent delivery system to encapsulate lyophilized palm seed phenolic extract (PSPE) and incorporate it into yogurt as a food model to enhance the bioavailability of PSPE. Phenolic compounds were extracted with aqueous ethanol from palm seed powder using the solvent-maceration approach assisted by ultrasonication. Lyophilized PSPE (0.2–1% w/v) was enclosed in a liposome structure coated with or without chitosan (primary/secondary liposome). Particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (EE), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied to investigate the primary and secondary liposomes. To assess the in vitro bioaccessibility of PSPE and primary/secondary liposomes, the total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant activity were studied during the oral, gastric, and intestinal digestion stages. Three concentrations of lyophilized secondary liposomes (1.25, 2.5, and 3.75% w/v) were added to the yogurt food model. During the 14 days of storage, the physical, chemical, and sensory properties were assessed. Compared to the primary liposomes (87%), the secondary liposomes (91%) showed a higher encapsulation efficiency. Comparing the secondary liposomes to the original liposomes and the non-encapsulated PSPE, the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds was improved. Fortified yogurt with secondary liposomes had a lower syneresis and viscosity than the reference yogurt. The encapsulated PSPE provided a good level of protection, and its release increased throughout the intestinal phase. Thus, PSPE in a microencapsulated form has been proven to be a rich and cost-effective source of phenolics that can be used successfully to produce functional yogurt.
ON OPTIMAL BLOCK RESAMPLING FOR GAUSSIAN-SUBORDINATED LONG-RANGE DEPENDENT PROCESSES

Block-based resampling estimators have been intensively investigated for weakly dependent time processes, which has helped to inform implementation (e.g., best block sizes). However, little is known about resampling performance and block sizes under strong or long-range dependence. To establish guideposts in block selection, we consider a broad class of strongly dependent time processes, formed by a transformation of a stationary long-memory Gaussian series, and examine block-based resampling estimators for the variance of the prototypical sample mean; extensions to general statistical functionals are also considered. Unlike weak dependence, the properties of resampling estimators under strong dependence are shown to depend intricately on the nature of non-linearity in the time series (beyond Hermite ranks) in addition to the long-memory coefﬁcient and block size. Additionally, the intuition has often been that optimal block sizes should be larger under strong dependence (say O ( n 1 / 2 ) for a sample size n ) than the optimal order O ( n 1 / 3 ) known under weak dependence. This intuition turns out to be largely incorrect, though a block order O ( n 1 / 2 ) may be reasonable (and even optimal) in many cases, owing to non-linearity in a long-memory time series. While optimal block sizes are more complex under long-range dependence compared to short-range, we provide a consistent data-driven rule for block selection. Numerical studies illustrate that the guides for block selection perform well in other block-based problems with long-memory time series, such as distribution estimation and strategies for testing Hermite rank.
Huskie Commons Huskie Commons Using Mirror Therapy for Stroke Rehabilitation Using Mirror Therapy for Stroke Rehabilitation

In the United States, strokes are known to kill over 140,000 people every year and effect mobility in more than 50 percent of stroke survivors (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2020). It is a debilitating disease that befalls when blood vessels transporting nutrients to the brain are disrupted by a blood-clot or rupture of a vessel. While many rehabilitative therapies are available to those who have suffered from a stroke, there is one therapy that may benefit stroke survivors more than just conventional therapies. Mirror therapy (MT), a therapy that utilizes a mirror box to create an optical illusion, may be one way to help survivors to recover their lost motor functions. MT can aid rehabilitation by using a mirror to produce a reflection of a person’s unaffected limb in place of the affected limb when performing tasks. When the unaffected extremity is shifted, the mirror image allows the brain to believe that the affected limb is moving. These optical illusions allow the patients to feel as if their two extremities are moving symmetrically. This literature review focuses on how mirror therapy is utilized in practice today and if it should be incorporated as a conventional therapy for stroke rehabilitation. Peer reviewed journal articles have been dissected from the databases CINAHL Complete and MEDLINE. Through the review process, it was revealed that while mirror therapy on its own did not show any significant changes in overall motor functionality, mirror therapy in combination with conventional therapy has the potential to have statistically significant results.
Greedy Approach for Subspace Clustering from Corrupted and Incomplete Data

We describe the Greedy Sparse Subspace Clustering (GSSC) algorithm providing an efficient method for clustering data belonging to a few low-dimensional linear or affine subspaces from incomplete corrupted and noisy data. We provide numerical evidences that, even in the simplest implementation, the greedy approach increases the subspace clustering capability of the existing state-of-the art SSC algorithm significantly.
USE OF DETERMINISTIC AND PROBABILISTIC SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSES TO EVALUATE TUNNEL LOCATION IN LANDSLIDE-PRONE AREAS

iii LIST OF FIGURES . vii LIST OF SYMBOLS . xi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 General Objectives . 2 1.2 Specific Objectives . 2 CHAPTER 2: SITE CHARACTERIZATION . 3 2.1 Site Location . 3 2.2 Eisenhower-Johnson Memorial Tunnel . 3 2.3 Loveland Basin Landslide . 4 2.4 Site Geology . 6 2.4.1 Igneous Rocks . 7 2.4.2 Metamorphic Rocks . 8 2.4.3 Dikes . 8 2.4.4 Fault Gouge Material . 9 2.4. 5 Surficial Deposits . 9 2.5 Geomechanical Properties . 9 2.6 Site Structure . 10 2.6. 1 Foliation . 10 2.6. 2 Faulting . 11 2.6. 3 Joints . 14 2.6. 3.1 Joint Spacing . 14 2.6. 3.2 Joint Orientation. 14 2.7 Groundwater . 14 CHAPTER 3: THE INFLUENCE OF ROCK TYPE, LITHOLOGY, STRUCTURE, AND WEATHERING ON ROCK-SLOPE FAILURE MECHANISM . 16 3.1 Overview . 16 v 3.2 Rock Type . 16 3.3 Lithology . 17 3.4 Structural Discontinuities . 18 3.4.1 Bedding . 18 3.4.2 Foliation . 18 3.4.3 Faulting . 18 3.4.4 Joints . 19 3.5 Weathering . 19 3.6 Mechanism of Sliding of the Loveland Basin Landslide . 20 3.7 Mechanism of Sliding in the vicinity of the EJMT . 21 CHAPTER 4: FUNDAMENTALS CONCEPTS, METHODOLOGIES OF ANALYSIS, INPUT PARAMETERS, AND THE INFLUENCE OF TUNNELING ON SLOPE STABILITY . 23 4.1 Fundamental Concepts . 23 4.2 Methodologies of Analysis . 24 4.2.1 Limit Equilibrium Formulations . 24 4.2.2 Numerical Methods – Deterministic Approach . 28 4.2.3 Probability of Failure . 30 4.3 Input Parameters for Slope Stability Analysis. 32 4.4 Effect of Tunneling on Slope Stability . 33 4.4.1 Displacement Distributions . 34 4.4.1.1 Displacement distribution induced by tunnel location . 34 4.4.1.2 Displacement distribution induced by tunnel excavation . 35 4.4.2 Tunnel Portals. 35 CHAPTER 5: COMPUTER MODELS DEVELOPMENT . 38 5.1 Overview . 38 5.2 Selection of Additional Tunnel Alignment . 39 5.3 Slopes East of the Continental Divide . 41
Moiré deflectometry diagnostic for transient plasma, using a multipulse N2 laser

We have designed a multipulse laser system to measure nanosecond time scale, plasma‐density gradients by moire deflectometry. The complete system consists of four, transverse‐excited, atmospheric pressure (TEA) N2 laser oscillators and two low‐pressure N2 laser amplifiers; two oscillator pulses are injected into a single amplifier. The amplified pulses are less than 1 ns in duration, with a variable, interpulse time of 4–10 ns. As described here, two TEA oscillators and a single amplifier were used to image air‐density gradients in an expanding, air‐shock wave produced by a spark discharge.
Correction: Brownian models of open processing networks: canonical representation of workload

Due to a printing error the above mentioned article [Annals of Applied Probability 10 (2000) 75--103, doi:10.1214/aoap/1019737665] had numerous equations appearing incorrectly in the print version of this paper. The entire article follows as it should have appeared. IMS apologizes to the author and the readers for this error. A recent paper by Harrison and Van Mieghem explained in general mathematical terms how one forms an ``equivalent workload formulation'' of a Brownian network model. Denoting by $Z(t)$ the state vector of the original Brownian network, one has a lower dimensional state descriptor $W(t)=MZ(t)$ in the equivalent workload formulation, where $M$ can be chosen as any basis matrix for a particular linear space. This paper considers Brownian models for a very general class of open processing networks, and in that context develops a more extensive interpretation of the equivalent workload formulation, thus extending earlier work by Laws on alternate routing problems. A linear program called the static planning problem is introduced to articulate the notion of ``heavy traffic'' for a general open network, and the dual of that linear program is used to define a canonical choice of the basis matrix $M$. To be specific, rows of the canonical $M$ are alternative basic optimal solutions of the dual linear program. If the network data satisfy a natural monotonicity condition, the canonical matrix $M$ is shown to be nonnegative, and another natural condition is identified which ensures that $M$ admits a factorization related to the notion of resource pooling.
Kinetic and related macroscopic models for chemotaxis on networks

In this paper we consider kinetic and associated macroscopic models for chemotaxis on a network. Coupling conditions at the nodes of the network for the kinetic problem are presented and used to derive coupling conditions for the macroscopic approximations. The results of the different models are compared and relations to a Keller-Segel model on networks are discussed. For a numerical approximation of the governing equations asymptotic preserving relaxation schemes are extended to directed graphs. Kinetic and macroscopic equations are investigated numerically and their solutions are compared for tripod and more general networks.
An articulatory model of the tongue based on a statistical analysis

An articulatory model of the tongue composed of linear components was determined by a statistical analysis of tongue shapes and jaw‐opening measured on lateral x‐ray motion pictures. The sum of the four components describes adequately the tongue shapes observed during utterances of 12 French vowels in sentences and of pV1CV2 disyllables, where V1 V2 = [i,a,u] and C = [b,d,g]. These components represent the effect of the jaw articulator, of the tongue‐body articulator, of the dorsal articulator, and of the apical articulator upon the tongue shape, respectively. The vowels plotted on the articulatory space, where the x axis corresponds to the tongue‐body component and the y axis to the jaw component, form the vowel triangle. The model seems to explain, at least in part, the origin of articulatory “front‐back” and “high‐low” dimensions. We speculate that such model should be suitable for the description of the dynamics of the tongue, since that of the individual articulators may be governed by a relatively simple law.
Possible LISA follow-on mission scientific objectives

A major objective that has been suggested for a follow-on mission to a Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA)-type mission is to investigate more completely how intermediate mass black holes were formed and grew in the early universe, before they evolved into the much more massive black holes at the centers of many galaxies today. The actual design of such a follow-on mission will of course depend on what is observed by a LISA-type mission, such as the recently modified proposal for an evolved LISA mission, with the interferometer arm lengths between spacecraft reduced from 5 million to 1 million km. However, the sensitivity goals of a follow-on mission are likely to be influenced strongly by the desire to be able to see mergers of 10 M⊙ black holes with roughly 3000 M⊙ or larger intermediate mass black holes out to as large redshifts as possible. Approximate calculations of the expected signal-to-noise have been made for a possible LISA follow-on mission that was suggested about eight years ago (Bender and Begelman 2005 Trends in Space Science and Cosmic Vision 2020 (Noordwijk: ESA Publications Division) pp 33–38), and was called the Advanced Laser Interferometer Antenna. Based on the calculations, it appears that detections out to a redshift of 10 would be possible for 10 M⊙ black holes spiraling into perhaps 5000 M⊙ or larger intermediate mass black holes if the extragalactic gravitational wave background due to close white dwarf binaries is in the currently estimated range.
Semiparametric Analysis of General Additive-Multiplicative Hazard Models for Counting Processes

The additive-multiplicative hazard model specifies that the hazard function for the counting process associated with a multidimensional covariate process Z = (W T , X T ) T takes the form of λ(t|Z) = g{β 0 T W(t)} + λ 0 (t)h{γ 0 T X(t)}, where θ 0 = (β 0 T ,γ 0 T ) T is a vector of unknown regression parameters, g and h are known link functions and λ 0 is an unspecified baseline hazard function. In this paper, we develop a class of simple estimating functions for θ 0 , which contains the partial likelihood score function in the special case of proportional hazards models. The resulting estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal under appropriate regularity conditions. Weak convergence of the Aalen-Breslow type estimators for the cumulative baseline hazard function Λ 0 (t) = ∫ 0 t Λ 0 (u)du is also established. Furthermore, we construct adaptive estimators for θ 0 and Λ o that achieve the (semiparametric) information bounds. Finally, a real example is provided along with some simulation results.
Remote sensing of cirrus radiative parameters during EUCREX'94. Case study of 17 April 1994. Part I : Observations

Abstract During the intensive European Cloud and Radiation Experiment 1994 (EUCREX’94) conducted off the coast of Brittany (France) over the Atlantic Ocean during April 1994, natural cirrus have been analyzed from in situ and remote sensing measurements. The authors have particularly studied the case of 17 April 1994. For this day a cirrus bank is described by a complete dataset, that is, classic airborne thermodynamical measurements, microphysical (forward scattering spectrometer probe) and OAP-2D2-C (optical array probe-cloud) probes manufactured by Particle Measuring System, and radiative (Barnes Precision Radiation Thermometer, Eppley pyranometers, and upward- and downward-looking pyrgeometers) measurements above and below the cloud. More specific airborne instruments were used such as upward backscatter lidar with polarization capabilities (LEANDRE) on board the Avion de Recherches Atmospheriques et Teledetection and the Polarization and Directionality of the Earth’s Reflectances (POLDER) radiometer .
100 km distributed temperature sensor based on coherent detection of spontaneous Brillouin backscatter

We report the longest sensing range of a distributed temperature change measurement along an optical sensing fibre with single-ended access. The technique is based on spontaneous Brillouin scattering and microwave heterodyne detection. The Brillouin frequency shift was used to obtain the distributed temperature change at a range of 100 km with a temperature error of less than 8 °C, and a spatial resolution of 50 m.
Measurement of Returns to Scale in DEA Using the CCR Model

In data envelopment analysis (DEA) literature, the returns to scale (RTS) of an inefficient decision making unit (DMU) is determined at its projected point on the efficient frontier. Under the occurrences of multiple projection points, however, this evaluation procedure is not precise and may lead to erroneous inferences as to the RTS possibilities of DMUs. To circumvent this, the current communication first defines the RTS of an inefficient DMU at its projected point that lies in the relative interior of the minimum face. Based on this definition, it proposes an algorithm by extending the latest developed method of measuring RTS via the CCR model. The main advantage of our proposed algorithm lies in its computational efficiency.