Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Potential Intrusiveness of Aware Home Technology: Perceptions of Older Adults

Older individuals in particular might benefit from an aware domestic environment. Yet, fear of intrusion is a potential barrier that might keep older adults from adopting smart technologies in the home. In this study, 44 participants (aged 65–75) were given a tour of the Georgia Tech Aware Home and shown five prototype smart home devices. The structured interviews after the tour yielded 2136 quotes containing the participants' opinions about living in a technology-rich home environment. A subset addressing technology intrusiveness of five devices is presented in this paper. The results show three domains of potential technology intrusion in the home as perceived by the older adults: physical obtrusiveness, invasion of privacy, and security risk. Technology intrusiveness represented 19% of the total technology judgments, but accounted for almost half of the negative judgments in general. The distribution of the participants' conditional statements (e.g., I wouldn't mind privacy intrusion if) suggested a careful weighing of potential intrusiveness against benefits such as prolonged independence for some of the devices in particular.
A joint learning framework for attribute models and object descriptions

We present a new approach to learning attribute-based descriptions of objects. Unlike earlier works, we do not assume that the descriptions are hand-labeled. Instead, our approach jointly learns both the attribute classifiers and the descriptions from data. By incorporating class information into the attribute classifier learning, we get an attribute-level representation that generalizes well to both unseen examples of known classes and unseen classes. We consider two different settings, one with unlabeled images available for learning, and another without. The former corresponds to a novel transductive setting where the unlabeled images can come from new classes. Results from Animals with Attributes and a-Yahoo, a-Pascal benchmark datasets show that the learned representations give similar or even better accuracy than the hand-labeled descriptions.
mTalk - A Multimodal Browser for Mobile Services

The MTALKmultimodal browser is a tool which enables rapid prototyping for research and development of mobile multimodal interfaces combining natural modalities such as speech, touch, and gesture. MTALKintegrates a broad range of open standards for authoring graphical and spoken user interfaces and is supported by a cloud-based multimodal processing architecture. In this paper, we describe MTALKand illustrate its capabilities through examination of a series of sample applications. Index Terms: multimodal, browser, speech, gesture
Autologous Dermal Fibroblast Injections Slow Atrioventricular Conduction and Ventricular Rate in Atrial Fibrillation in Swine

Background—Nonpharmacological ventricular rate control in atrial fibrillation (AF) without producing atrioventricular (AV) block remains a clinical challenge. We investigated the hypothesis that autologous dermal fibroblast (ADF) injection into the AV nodal area would reduce ventricular response during AF without causing AV block. Methods and Results—Fourteen pigs underwent electrophysiology study before, immediately, and 28 days after ≈200 million cultured ADFs (n=8) or saline (n=6) were injected under electroanatomical guidance in the AV nodal area, with continuous 28-day ECG recording. In the ADF group at 28 days postinjection, there were prolongations of PR interval (after versus before: 130±13 versus 113±14 ms, P=0.04), of AH interval during both sinus rhythm (92±13 versus 76.8±8 ms, P<0.01) and atrial pacing at 400 ms (102±13 versus 91±9 ms, P<0.01), and of AV node Wenckebach cycle length (230±19 versus 213±24 ms, P<0.01), with no changes in the control group. The RR interval during induced AF 28 days after injections was 24% longer in ADF-treated group compared with controls (488±120 versus 386±116 ms, P<0.001). Histological analysis revealed presence of ADF-labeled cells in the AV nodal area at 28 days. Transient accelerated junctional rhythm during injections, and transient nocturnal Mobitz I AV conduction occurred early postinjection in both groups. Conclusions—Cells survived for 4 weeks and significantly slowed AV conduction and ventricular rate in acutely induced AF. Critically, despite a large number of injections in the AV nodal area and marked effects on AV conduction, AV block did not occur. Further studies are necessary to determine the clinical feasibility and safety of this strategy for ventricular rate control in AF.
Strain in the braincase and its sutures during function.

The skull is distinguished from other parts of the skeleton by its composite construction. The sutures between bony elements provide for interstitial growth of the cranium, but at the same time they alter the transmission of stress and strain through the skull. Strain gages were bonded to the frontal and parietal bones of miniature pigs and across the interfrontal, interparietal and coronal sutures. Strains were recorded 1) during natural mastication in conjunction with electromyographic activity from the jaw muscles and 2) during stimulation of various cranial muscles in anesthetized animals. Vault sutures exhibited vastly higher strains than did the adjoining bones. Further, bone strain primarily reflected torsion of the braincase set up by asymmetrical muscle contraction; the tensile axis alternated between +45 degrees and -45 degrees depending on which diagonal masseter/temporalis pair was most active. However, suture strains were not related to overall torsion but instead were responses to local muscle actions. Only the coronal suture showed significant strain (tension) during jaw opening; this was caused by the contraction of neck muscles. All sutures showed strain during jaw closing, but polarity depended on the pattern of muscle usage. For example, masseter contraction tensed the coronal suture and the anterior part of the interfrontal suture, whereas the temporalis caused compression in these locations. Peak tensile strains were larger than peak compressive strains. Histology suggested that the skull is bent at the sutures, with the ectocranial surface tensed and the endocranial surface predominantly compressed. Collectively, these results indicate that skulls with patent sutures should be analyzed as complexes of independent parts rather than solid structures.
Validation of third party Spoken and Written Language Resources Methods for performing Quick Quality Checks

This paper presents the experience and insights gained from developing and applying methodologies for quick quality checks (QQC) o f third party language resources based on the existing methodologies for full validation, which were documented in validation manuals under contract for ELRA during 2003-2004. The types o f resources are Spoken Language Resources (SLR) and Written Language Resources (WLR). The experience gained from applying the QQC methodologies to a number o f the resources in ELRA’s catalogue is described and on the basis o f this, recommendations to the producers o f language resources are given. The authors point to the strengths and weaknesses o f the current practices, and the similarities and differences between the QQC method and its usefulness for SLR and WLR, respectively, are discussed. Finally a short account o f future work is given. 1. Full Validation versus Quick Quality Checks
Flexibility, a Dimensional Analysis of a Modality of Divergent Thinking

A battery of 26 verbal and non-verbal tests of flexibility was administered to 78 boys (average age 18 yr.), and the six factors extracted accounted for 53% of the total variance: (1) general flexibility factor, (2) associative flexibility factor, (3) ideational flexibility factor, (4) graphic flexibility factor. The two remaining factors cannot be interpreted. Analysis of the same battery for a population of 107 girls (average age 18 yr.) yielded essentially the same factorial structure.
The American Dream and the Public Schools

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Two facets of cognitive control in analogical mapping: The role of semantic interference resolution andgoal-driven structure selection

The study used scene analogies to investigate two component processes of analogical thinking: resolution of semantic interference, which emerges when the proper mapping between analogically matching objects is incoherent with their categorical features (e.g., stereotypical functions), and goal-driven selection of the key relational structure, by directing attention to the most promising objects which constitute that structure among many other candidate objects. We manipulated interference by placing in corresponding scenes the objects from one category in different relational roles. Selection was loaded by including additional, relationally irrelevant objects in a scene. We also manipulated relational complexity and the presence of salient objects (people) in relations. Increased load on both interference resolution and selection decreased the accuracy of analogical mapping, but these factors did not interact. Moreover, the factors yielded opposite patterns of interaction with relational complexity. Finally, salience eased selection, but tended to negatively influence interference resolution. In summary, inference resolution and selection seem to constitute two relatively independent facets of cognitive control involved in analogical thinking. Selection may act before mapping occurs, while interference influences analogy making only if an interfering object takes part in mapping.
Is guided self-help as effective as face-to-face psychotherapy for depression and anxiety disorders? A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative outcome studies

Background Although guided self-help for depression and anxiety disorders has been examined in many studies, it is not clear whether it is equally effective as face-to-face treatments. Method We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in which the effects of guided self-help on depression and anxiety were compared directly with face-to-face psychotherapies for depression and anxiety disorders. A systematic search in bibliographical databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane) resulted in 21 studies with 810 participants. Results The overall effect size indicating the difference between guided self-help and face-to-face psychotherapy at post-test was d=−0.02, in favour of guided self-help. At follow-up (up to 1 year) no significant difference was found either. No significant difference was found between the drop-out rates in the two treatments formats. Conclusions It seems safe to conclude that guided self-help and face-to-face treatments can have comparable effects. It is time to start thinking about implementation in routine care.
[Therapeutic effects of scalp-acupuncture in patients with vascular dementia induced by cerebral infarction: a randomized controlled trial].

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of scalp-acupuncture on intelligence in patients with vascular dementia (VaD). METHODS A total of 108 VaD patients were randomly divided into two groups: scalp-acupuncture group and Western medicine group. The scores of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Blesse Dementia Scale (BDS), Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS), Abilities of Daily Life (ADL) before and after treatment in the two groups were detected. RESULTS A total of 92 patients completed the treatment. The scores of MMSE, BDS and HDS in the two groups were significantly increased, and the ADL scores significantly declined (P<0.05). There was no difference in the scores of MMSE, BDS, HDS and ADL between the two groups before and after the treatment. There was no difference in the total effectiveness between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Scalp-acupuncture therapy could improve the clinical intelligence level of VaD patients.
Spatio-temporal coding for wireless communication

Multipath signal propagation has long been viewed as an impairment to reliable communication in wireless channels. This paper shows that the presence of multipath greatly improves achievable data rate if the appropriate communication structure is employed. A compact model is developed for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) dispersive spatially selective wireless communication channel. The multivariate information capacity is analyzed. For high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, the MIMO channel can exhibit a capacity slope in bits per decibel of power increase that is proportional to the minimum of the number multipath components, the number of input antennas, or the number of output antennas. This desirable result is contrasted with the lower capacity slope of the well-studied case with multiple antennas at only one side of the radio link. A spatio-temporal vector-coding (STVC) communication structure is suggested as a means for achieving MIMO channel capacity. The complexity of STVC motivates a more practical reduced-complexity discrete matrix multitone (DMMT) space-frequency coding approach. Both of these structures are shown to be asymptotically optimum. An adaptive-lattice trellis-coding technique is suggested as a method for coding across the space and frequency dimensions that exist in the DMMT channel. Experimental examples that support the theoretical results are presented.
The Visually Handicapped

Besides those books to which reference will be made within this chapter, there are a few general publications of importance and usefulness. Hathaway's (1959) standard work on partially seeing children appeared in a new and revised fourth edition. Spencer (1960) enriched the available literature by a socioeducationally oriented picture story about young blind children. The visually handicapped also received attention in Wright's (1960) outstanding treatise, in Kirk's (1962) newly published textbook, and in Rusalem's (1962) book dealing with physically handicapped college students.
Motion Driven Tonal Stabilization

This paper addresses the problem of tonal fluctuation in videos. Due to the automatic settings of consumer cameras, the colors of objects in image sequences might change over time. We propose here a fast and computationally light method to stabilize this tonal appearance, while remaining robust to motion and occlusions. To do so, a minimally viable color correction model is used, in conjunction with an effective estimation of dominant motion. The final solution is a temporally weighted correction, explicitly driven by the motion magnitude, both visually efficient and very fast, with potential to real time processing. Experimental results obtained on a variety of sequences outperform the current state of the art in terms of tonal stability, at a much reduced computational complexity.
Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Tumor Galectin-1 Mediates Tumor Growth and Metastasis through Regulation of T-cell Apoptosis

Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a carbohydrate-binding protein whose secretion is enhanced by hypoxia, promotes tumor aggressiveness by promoting angiogenesis and T-cell apoptosis. However, the importance of tumor versus host Gal-1 in tumor progression is undefined. Here we offer evidence that implicates tumor Gal-1 and its modulation of T-cell immunity in progression. Comparing Gal-1–deficient mice as hosts for Lewis lung carcinoma cells where Gal-1 levels were preserved or knocked down, we found that tumor Gal-1 was more critical than host Gal-1 in promoting tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis. Enhanced growth and metastasis associated with Gal-1 related to its immunomodulatory function, insofar as the benefits of Gal-1 expression to Lewis lung carcinoma growth were abolished in immunodeficient mice. In contrast, angiogenesis, as assessed by microvessel density count, was similar between tumors with divergent Gal-1 levels when examined at a comparable size. Our findings establish that tumor rather than host Gal-1 is responsible for mediating tumor progression through intratumoral immunomodulation, with broad implications in developing novel targeting strategies for Gal-1 in cancer.
Cultural and Parental Communicative Influences on the Career Success of White and Black Women

This study investigated cultural and parental communicative influences on the career success of White and Black women. A questionnaire was distributed to 123 Black and White women who were members of two organizations that required “career success” (professional/upper-level management positions) for admission. Participants in the study were asked to discuss their conceptions of career success, the communicative influence of their parents on their career choices, and the influence of mentors on their success. Results showed that culture differentially impacts how Black and White women define career success, which factors they feel contribute to success for women in their cultural groups, their cognizance of gender and race limitations during childhood, and their perceptions of their mother's influence on career success. In addition, teachers were most commonly identified as mentors and mothers were viewed as having the most influence on career success. The implications of these findings for career socialization processes are discussed.
High-Speed Similarity-Based Image Retrieval with Data-Alignment Optimization Using Self-Organization Algorithm

In a retrieval system for vast amounts of image data, the primary storage cannot hold all image feature vectors because a huge data capacity would be required. Therefore, it is necessary to handle a slow-access secondary storage effectively as well as a first-access primary storage. In this paper, we propose a data-alignment optimization method in the secondary storage to access fast. Our idea is based on the premise that similar data have a high probability of simultaneous access in a similarity-based retrieval system. Then, we approximate the secondary storage by one dimensional alignment and allocates similar data to closer regions in the alignment. It is regarded as an optimization problem for a one-dimensional alignment that enables a fast retrieval by reducing a seek range. Through the experiments for 5 millions dataset, we confirmed that the data access time was reduced by 25.3% compared to no data-alignment optimization, which contributed significantly to speeding up the entire retrieval process.
Statins Alter Smooth Muscle Cell Accumulation and Collagen Content in Established Atheroma of Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbits

Background —Acute coronary syndromes often result from rupture of vulnerable plaques. The collagen content of plaques probably regulates their stability. This study tested whether HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) alter interstitial collagen gene expression or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels in rabbit atheroma. Methods and Results —We administered equihypocholesterolemic doses of pravastatin (a hydrophilic statin, 50 mg · kg−1 · d−1, n=9), fluvastatin (a cell-permeant lipophilic statin, 20 mg · kg−1 · d−1, n=10), or placebo (n=10) to mature Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits for 52 weeks. The fluvastatin group achieved a much higher peak plasma concentration (23.7 &mgr;mol/L) than did the pravastatin group (1.3 &mgr;mol/L) under these conditions. Immunohistochemistry revealed that MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 expression by macrophages in the intima was lower in both the pravastatin and fluvastatin groups than in the placebo group, whereas there was no difference in macrophage numbers. Numbers of intimal smooth muscle cells (SMCs) (identified by immunohistochemistry) and expression of type I procollagen mRNA (detected by in situ hybridization), however, were significantly higher in the pravastatin group than in the fluvastatin group. Treatment with pravastatin, but not fluvastatin, preserved interstitial collagen content in vivo (detected by picrosirius red polarization). In vitro, fluvastatin, but not pravastatin, decreased numbers of rabbit and human aortic SMCs without altering procollagen I mRNA expression. Conclusions —This study showed that statins can reduce MMP expression in atheroma and that cell-permeant statins can decrease SMC number and collagen gene expression in vivo.
Looking for a safe haven after fancy thrills: a psychometric analysis of risk perception in alpine tourist destinations

Visitors’ risk perceptions have been found to influence the on‐site behaviour of tourists and their intention to return to a destination or to recommend it to others. The present study analyses the perception of tourism risks in the Tyrol, Austria. Building on the psychometric paradigm, participants (N = 207) assessed 15 vacation risks on nine risk characteristics that are derived from psychometric research and completed with characteristics relevant in a tourism context. Findings suggest that additionally to managing the most likely risks, alpine destinations should be prepared to cope with worst case scenarios such as ‘potable water poisoning’, ‘food poisoning’, ‘breaking of an embankment dam’, ‘rock fall on a village’, ‘cable car accident’ and ‘terrorist attack’. Considering these rather low‐probability risks is of decisive importance since such risks are especially prone to evoke public outrage if they – against all expectations – result in damaging events.
A Relation Extraction Framework for Biomedical Text Using Hybrid Feature Set

The information extraction from unstructured text segments is a complex task. Although manual information extraction often produces the best results, it is harder to manage biomedical data extraction manually because of the exponential increase in data size. Thus, there is a need for automatic tools and techniques for information extraction in biomedical text mining. Relation extraction is a significant area under biomedical information extraction that has gained much importance in the last two decades. A lot of work has been done on biomedical relation extraction focusing on rule-based and machine learning techniques. In the last decade, the focus has changed to hybrid approaches showing better results. This research presents a hybrid feature set for classification of relations between biomedical entities. The main contribution of this research is done in the semantic feature set where verb phrases are ranked using Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) and a ranking algorithm. Support Vector Machine and Naïve Bayes, the two effective machine learning techniques, are used to classify these relations. Our approach has been validated on the standard biomedical text corpus obtained from MEDLINE 2001. Conclusively, it can be articulated that our framework outperforms all state-of-the-art approaches used for relation extraction on the same corpus.