Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment and management of chronic orofacial pain associated with a disease in children: a multidisciplinary approach

To summarize the diversity of assessment and management for chronic orofacial pain associated with a disease (COFPAD) in children. We performed a review of the literature up to May 2012. Hetero‐evaluation and self‐assessment are used according to age of children. Strict management of the cause is not sufficient for children with COFPAD without a multidisciplinary approach combining pharmacotherapy, psychology and physiotherapy.
Statement on HPV DNA Test Utilization

lomavirus (HPV) DNA has proven utility in cervical cancer screening and in many aspects of clinical management for cervical cancer prevention. However, inappropriate testing increases costs without benefit and potentially results in overtreatment of women. This statement was developed by the Cytopathology Education and Technology Consortium and has been endorsed by additional professional medical societies, as listed below. It is intended as a concise, convenient summary of clinical indications for HPV DNA test utilization based on the American Cancer Society 2002 screening recommendations1 and interim guidance,2 and the 2006 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology (ASCCP) consensus management guidelines.3 Circumstances in which HPV DNA testing is considered appropriate, and when such testing is generally not appropriate, are outlined below. This statement and table are intended to serve as educational tools and references to improve management of women and reduce inappropriate use of HPV tests.
Clear Cell Carcinoma in a Background of Endometriosis

BACKGROUND Endometriosis is considered a premalignant process whose association with carcinoma is well documented. We discuss a case of clear cell carcinoma with an unusual presentation in that it was located outside the abdominal cavity and was the only lesion noted clinically and radiologically. The histopathologic diagnostic criteria will be reviewed, as will the association of carcinomas with endometriosis. Furthermore, we will review the current literature of extraovarian clear cell carcinoma associated with endometriosis with regard to clinical outcome. CASE A 42-year-old Hispanic woman presented to the Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Clinic at Parkland Hospital, Dallas, Texas, in August 2005 secondary to a growing area of firmness associated with her midline abdominal hysterectomy scar. A single mass anterior to the abdominal wall was identified radiologically. The FNA sample was reported as highly atypical cells suspicious for adenocarcinoma. Excision of this mass revealed a clear cell carcinoma in a background of endometriosis. CONCLUSION Clear cell carcinoma is one of the most prevalent carcinomas associated with endometriosis, whether identified in the ovary or extraovarian site. This case is perplexing because the mass was a solitary lesion and the patient never had documented endometriosis. The unusual presentation may make survival difficult to predict.
University of Birmingham Sewage Sludge Ash Characteristics and Potential for Use in Concrete

32 Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA) use in concrete related applications is assessed through systematic review 33 involving analysis and evaluation of the global literature found published since 1983. The material 34 characteristics indicate potential for various applications: in small dosages as raw feed in Portland 35 cement production, as fine and filler aggregates, or in ground form as cement component, with 36 manageable effects on performance. Using manufactured SSA aggregate, concrete strength suitable 37 for structural applications and lightweight properties comparable to Leca are attainable. SSA can be 38 used in bulk, in controlled low strength materials (CLSM), aerated and foamed concretes. Reported 39 case studies give encouraging signals. 40 41
Quantitative EEG in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a review of the literature

Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by the recurrent cessation (apnea) or reduction (hypopnea) of airflow due to the partial or complete upper airway collapse during sleep. Respiratory disturbances causing sleep fragmentation and repetitive nocturnal hypoxia are responsible for a variety of nocturnal and daytime complaints of sleep apnea patients, such as snoring, daytime sleepiness, fatigue, or impaired cognitive functions. Different techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and positron emission tomography, are used to evaluate the structural and functional changes in OSAS patients. With quantitative electroencephalographic (qEEG) analysis, the possible existence of alterations in the brain electrical activity of OSAS patients can be investigated. We review the articles on qEEG results of sleep apnea patients and summarize the possible explanations of these qEEG measures. Finally, we review the impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on these alterations to assess whether CPAP use can eliminate alterations in the brain activity of OSAS patients.
Beneficial use of aluminium and iron components of sludge incineration residues in ceramic materials

A huge amount of sludge is generated from sewage treatment and waterworks. With the development of sludge incineration technology, most of the produced residues are buried in landfills, resulting in the loss of major constituents such as aluminium and iron that are present in the sludge residue. Moreover, toxic metals can leach out, causing further pollution. The need for “waste-to-resource” technology provides an incentive to develop economically viable reuse options. This study investigated the feasibility of beneficially incorporating aluminium and iron into marketable ceramic products. With CuO in the system, the CuAl2O4 spinel predominantly incorporated aluminium from waterworks sludge residues, while the CuFe2O4 spinel was a major iron-containing phase in the sewage sludge residue series. The maximum fraction of aluminium in the CuAl2O4 reached 98% and 83% for the α-Al2O3 + CuO and kaolinite + CuO systems, respectively. Using Fe2O3, iron was transformed into both tetragonal and cubic CuFe2O4, reaching complete incorporation. With various colours and microstructures formed, the products can be used as pigments, in construction, and as ceramic membranes. The findings of this study suggest a promising process for the beneficial use of waste aluminium and iron as ceramic raw materials, and may provide an economical means of reducing environmental concern over solid wastes.
Diversification in tropics and subtropics following the mid‐Miocene climate change: A case study of the spider genus Nesticella

Caves may offer suitable refugia for troglophilic invertebrates during periods of unfavourable climatic conditions because of their stable microclimates. As a consequence, allopatric divergence from their epigean counterparts may occur, leading to formation of truly hypogean communities (the Climatic Relict Hypothesis). Unlike the well‐studied effects of Pleistocene glaciations, we know little about how ancient climate changes drove the development of cave‐dwelling organisms living at both middle and lower latitudes. We investigate the evolutionary history of the troglophilic spider genus Nesticella (Araneae, Nesticidae) in relation to Asian Neogene (23–2.6 Ma) climatic changes. Our analyses discern clear differences in the evolution of the two main clades of Nesticella, which occur in temperate/subtropical and tropical latitudes. Eastern Asian Nesticella gradually evolved greater sedentariness and a strict subterranean lifestyle starting from the middle Miocene Epoch (~15–14 Ma) in conjunction with the progressive deterioration of the climate and vegetational shifts. Caves appear to have acted as refugia because of their internally uniform temperature and humidity, which allowed these spiders to survive increasing external seasonality and habitat loss. In contrast, a uniform accumulation of lineages, long‐lasting times for dispersals and the lack of a comparable habitat shifting characterized the tropical lineage. This difference in pattern likely owes to the mild effects of climate change at low latitudes and the consequent lack of strong climatic drivers in tropical environments. Thus, the mid‐Miocene climatic shift appears to be the major evolutionary force shaping the ecological differences between Asian troglophilic invertebrates and the driver of the permanent hypogean communities in middle latitudes.
Promoting Emotion and Behavior Regulation in Male Prison Inmates: A Secondary Data Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial Testing the Efficacy of the Growing Pro-Social Program

This article describes a secondary data analysis collected from inmates who participated in an independent randomized controlled trial, testing the efficacy of the Growing Pro-Social (GPS) Program. The current study aimed to test the program’s ability to increase, on one hand, cognitive reappraisal (adaptive emotion regulation strategy) and, on the other hand, decrease expressive suppression (maladaptive emotion regulation strategy) over time. It was also assessed if the GPS was capable of reducing disciplinary infractions committed by inmates over time. Participants were randomized to the GPS treatment (n = 121) or the control group (n = 133). The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire was completed at baseline, at mid-treatment, at post-treatment and at 12-months’ follow-up. Disciplinary infractions were collected from prison records during the 12 months before the beginning of the program, during the GPS’s 12-month length and during the 12 months after treatment completion. Treatment effects were analyzed with latent growth curve models. Concerning cognitive reappraisal, while treatment participants showed a significant increase, controls presented a decrease over time. For expressive suppression, the treatment group presented a significant decrease, and the control group showed no change over time. Treatment participants also presented a significant decrease in the number of disciplinary infractions and in the number of days in punishment, while controls showed no change or an increase over time. This study showed the GPS’s ability to promote emotion and behavior regulation, which contributes not only to inmate’s interpersonal adjustment, but also to a more efficient management of the prison system.
Determining the Efficiency of Quantum Search Algorithms with the Renormalization Group

Quantum walks provide a powerful demonstration of the effectiveness of the renormalization group (RG), here applied to find a lower bound on the computational complexity of Grover's quantum search algorithms in low-dimensional networks. For these, the RG reveals a competition between Grover's abstract algorithm, i.e., a rotation in Hilbert space, and quantum transport in an actual geometry. It can be characterized in terms of the quantum walk dimension $d^Q_w$ and the spatial (fractal) dimension $d_f$, even when translational invariance is broken. The analysis simultaneously determines the optimal time for a quantum measurement and the probability for successfully pin-pointing the sought-after element in the network. The RG further encompasses an optimization scheme, devised by Tulsi, that allows to tune that probability to certainty. Our RG considers entire families of problems to be studied, thereby establishing a large universality class for quantum search, here verified with extensive simulations.
Enhanced BFGS Quasi-Newton Backpropagation Models on MCCI Data

Neurocomputing is widely implemented in time series area, however the nearness of exceptions that for the most part happen in information time arrangement might be hurtful to the information organize preparing. This is on the grounds that the capacity to consequently discover any examples without earlier suppositions and loss of all-inclusive statement. In principle, the most well-known preparing calculation for Backpropagation calculations inclines toward lessening ordinary least squares estimator (OLS) or all the more particularly, the mean squared error (MSE). In any case, this calculation is not completely hearty when exceptions exist in preparing information, and it will prompt false estimate future esteem. Along these lines, in this paper, we show another calculation that control calculations firefly on slightest middle squares estimator (FFA-LMedS) for BFGS quasi-newton backpropagation neural network nonlinear autoregressive moving (BPNN-NARMA) model to lessen the effect of exceptions in time arrangement information. In the in the mean time, the monthly data of Malaysian Roof Materials cost index from January 1980 to December 2012 (base year 1980=100) with various level of exceptions issue is adjusted in this examination. Toward the finish of this paper, it was found that the upgraded BPNN-NARMA models utilizing FFA-LMedS performed extremely well with RMSE values just about zero errors. It is expected that the finding would help the specialists in Malaysian development activities to handle cost indices data accordingly
An Insight into the Sialome of the Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma americanum, with a Glimpse on Its Time Dependent Gene Expression

Hard ticks feed for several days or weeks on their hosts. Blood feeding is assisted by tick saliva, which is injected in the host skin regularly, alternating with blood ingestion. Tick saliva contains hundreds or thousands of different peptides and other bioactive compounds that assist feeding by inhibiting their hosts’ blood clotting, platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, as well as pain and itching. Immunomodulatory and antimicrobial peptides are also found in tick saliva. Molecular characterization of tick salivary compounds, or its sialome (from the Greek sialos = saliva), helps identification of possible antigens that might confer anti-tick immunity, as well as identifying novel pharmacologically active compounds. Amblyomma americanum is a major nuisance tick in Eastern and Southern US, being a vector of Theileria and Ehrlichia bacteria to animals and humans. Presently we report an RNAseq study concerning the salivary glands of adult female A. americanum ticks, which involved sequencing of four libraries collected at different times of feeding. A total of 5,792 coding sequences were deduced from the transcriptome assembly, 3,139 of which were publicly deposited, expanding from the previously available 146 salivary sequences found in GenBank. A remarkable time-dependent transcript expression was found, mostly related to secretory products, supporting the idea that ticks may have several “sialomes” that are expressed at different times during feeding. The molecular nature of this sialome switching remains unknown. The hyperlinked spreadsheet containing the deduced coding sequences can be found at http://exon.niaid. nih.gov/transcriptome/Amb_americanum/Ambame-web.xlsx.
Abiraterone Acetate for Metastatic Prostate Cancer in Patients With Suboptimal Biochemical Response to Hormone Induction

Importance Men with metastatic prostate cancer who have a poor response to initial androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), as reflected by a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level higher than 4.0 ng/mL after 7 months of ADT, have a poor prognosis, based on historical controls. Objective To determine the efficacy of abiraterone acetate with prednisone in these high-risk patients with a suboptimal response to hormonal induction. Design, Setting, and Participants A phase 2 single-arm study was conducted through the National Clinical Trials Network–Southwest Oncology Group. Eligible patients had metastatic prostate cancer and a PSA level higher than 4.0 ng/mL between 6 and 12 months after starting ADT. The PSA level could be rising or falling at the time of enrollment, but had to be higher than 4.0 ng/mL. No previous chemotherapy or secondary hormonal therapies were allowed, except in patients receiving a standard, first-generation antiandrogen agent with a falling PSA level at the time of enrollment; this therapy was continued in this cohort. Abiraterone acetate, 1000 mg, once daily with prednisone, 5 mg, twice daily was administered to all participants. A total of 41 men were enrolled between the trial’s activation on August 9, 2011, and closure on August 1, 2013. Data analysis was conducted from March 21 to November 29, 2016. Interventions Abiraterone acetate, 1000 mg, once daily by mouth with prednisone, 5 mg, by mouth twice daily. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end point was a PSA level of 0.2 ng/mL or lower within 12 months of starting abiraterone acetate plus prednisone. A partial response (PR) was a secondary end point, defined as a PSA level reduction to lower than 4.0 ng/mL but higher than 0.2 ng/mL. Results Of the 41 men enrolled, 1 did not receive any protocol treatment and was excluded from analysis. The median (range) age of the 40 participants was 66 (39-85) years. Five (13%) patients achieved a PSA level of 0.2 ng/mL or lower (95% CI, 4%-27%). Thirteen (33%) additional patients achieved a partial response, with a reduction in the PSA level to lower than 4.0 ng/mL but higher than 0.2 ng/mL. Sixteen (40%) patients had no PSA response and 6 (15%) were not assessable and assumed to be nonresponders. The median progression-free survival was 17.5 months (95% CI, 8.6-25.0 months) and the median overall survival was 25.8 months (95% CI, 15.7-25.8 months). There was 1 incident each of grade 4 adverse events of alanine aminotransferase level elevation and rectal hemorrhage. Eleven patients reported grade 3 adverse events. Conclusions and Relevance This study did not reach its prescribed level of 6 PSA responses of 0.2 ng/mL or lower, although 5 responses were observed. The overall survival and progression-free survival rates observed in this trial are encouraging compared with historical controls. The therapy was generally well tolerated, without any clear signal of any unexpected adverse effects.
Cutaneous Manifestations in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

OBJECTIVE To examine and subtype cutaneous lymphoma specimens for diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN Aspiration smears from skin lesions and lymph nodes diagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) on cytology in 6 cases over a period of 1 year were reviewed. Two were follow-up cases of nodal lymphoma and were receiving chemotherapy, during which they developed skin lesions. In 4, the patients had cutaneous lesions as a presenting manifestation. Cytologic findings were correlated with histologic and hematologic findings and immunocytochemical markers for subtyping. RESULTS Patients ranged from 14 to 50 years, with equal sex ratio. All presented with 0.5-5 cm multiple nodular, ulcerated and fungating skin lesions at various body sites. The aspirate was satisfactory in all cases. Cytologically, all cases were diagnosed as NHL. They were then immunocytochemistry subtyped as various lymphomas. CONCLUSION Cutaneous lymphoma should always be considered in the presence of predominantly atypical lymphoid cells in smears from nodular and fungating skin lesions, even in the absence of a definitive clinical diagnosis.
Multiphoton minimal inertia scanning for fast acquisition of neural activity signals

Objective. Multi-photon laser scanning microscopy provides a powerful tool for monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of neural circuit activity. It is, however, intrinsically a point scanning technique. Standard raster scanning enables imaging at subcellular resolution; however, acquisition rates are limited by the size of the field of view to be scanned. Recently developed scanning strategies such as travelling salesman scanning (TSS) have been developed to maximize cellular sampling rate by scanning only select regions in the field of view corresponding to locations of interest such as somata. However, such strategies are not optimized for the mechanical properties of galvanometric scanners. We thus aimed to develop a new scanning algorithm which produces minimal inertia trajectories, and compare its performance with existing scanning algorithms. Approach. We describe here the adaptive spiral scanning (SSA) algorithm, which fits a set of near-circular trajectories to the cellular distribution to avoid inertial drifts of galvanometer position. We compare its performance to raster scanning and TSS in terms of cellular sampling frequency and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Main Results. Using surrogate neuron spatial position data, we show that SSA acquisition rates are an order of magnitude higher than those for raster scanning and generally exceed those achieved by TSS for neural densities comparable with those found in the cortex. We show that this result also holds true for in vitro hippocampal mouse brain slices bath loaded with the synthetic calcium dye Cal-520 AM. The ability of TSS to ‘park’ the laser on each neuron along the scanning trajectory, however, enables higher SNR than SSA when all targets are precisely scanned. Raster scanning has the highest SNR but at a substantial cost in number of cells scanned. To understand the impact of sampling rate and SNR on functional calcium imaging, we used the Cramér–Rao Bound on evoked calcium traces recorded simultaneously with electrophysiology traces to calculate the lower bound estimate of the spike timing occurrence. Significance. The results show that TSS and SSA achieve comparable accuracy in spike time estimates compared to raster scanning, despite lower SNR. SSA is an easily implementable way for standard multi-photon laser scanning systems to gain temporal precision in the detection of action potentials while scanning hundreds of active cells.
International Journal of Women's Health Dovepress Intravaginal Rings as Delivery Systems for Microbicides and Multipurpose Prevention Technologies

There is a renewed interest in delivering pharmaceutical products via intravaginal rings (IVRs). IVRs are flexible torus-shaped drug delivery systems that can be easily inserted and removed by the woman and that provide both sustained and controlled drug release, lasting for several weeks to several months. In terms of women's health care products, it has been established that IVRs effectively deliver contraceptive steroids and steroids for the treatment of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. A novel application for IVRs is the delivery of antiretroviral drugs for the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genital infection. Microbi-cides are antiviral drugs delivered topically for HIV prevention. Recent reviews of microbicide IVRs have focused on technologies in development and optimizing ring design. IVRs have several advantages, including the ability to deliver sustained drug doses for long periods of time while bypassing first pass metabolism in the gut. IVRs are discreet, woman-controlled, and do not require a trained provider for placement or fitting. Previous data support that women and their male sexual partners find IVRs highly acceptable. Multipurpose prevention technology (MPT) products provide protection against unintended/mistimed pregnancy and reproductive tract infections, including HIV. Several MPT IVRs are currently in development. Early clinical testing of new microbicide and MPT IVRs will require a focus on safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Specifically, IVRs will have to deliver tissue concentrations of drugs that are pharmacodynamically active, do not cause mucosal alterations or inflammation, and do not change the resident microbiota. The emergence of resistance to antiretrovirals will need to be investigated. IVRs should not disrupt intercourse or have high rates of expulsion. Herein, we reviewed the microbicide and MPT IVRs currently in development, with a focus on the clinical aspects of IVR assessment and the challenges facing microbicide and MPT IVR product development, clinical testing, and implementation. The information in this review was drawn from PubMed searches and a recent microbicide/MPT product development workshop organized by CONRAD.