Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phototropins But Not Cryptochromes Mediate the Blue Light-Specific Promotion of Stomatal Conductance, While Both Enhance Photosynthesis and Transpiration under Full Sunlight12[C][W][OA]

Leaf epidermal peels of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants lacking either phototropins 1 and 2 (phot1 and phot2) or cryptochromes 1 and 2 (cry1 and cry2) exposed to a background of red light show severely impaired stomatal opening responses to blue light. Since phot and cry are UV-A/blue light photoreceptors, they may be involved in the perception of the blue light-specific signal that induces the aperture of the stomatal pores. In leaf epidermal peels, the blue light-specific effect saturates at low irradiances; therefore, it is considered to operate mainly under the low irradiance of dawn, dusk, or deep canopies. Conversely, we show that both phot1 phot2 and cry1 cry2 have reduced stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis, particularly under the high irradiance of full sunlight at midday. These mutants show compromised responses of stomatal conductance to irradiance. However, the effects of phot and cry on photosynthesis were largely nonstomatic. While the stomatal conductance phenotype of phot1 phot2 was blue light specific, cry1 cry2 showed reduced stomatal conductance not only in response to blue light, but also in response to red light. The levels of abscisic acid were elevated in cry1 cry2. We conclude that considering their effects at high irradiances cry and phot are critical for the control of transpiration and photosynthesis rates in the field. The effects of cry on stomatal conductance are largely indirect and involve the control of abscisic acid levels.
Secrecy outage probability with destination assisted jamming in presence of an untrusted relay

The study of secrecy capacity of wireless networks, considering variety of powerful attacks is currently of great interest. In this paper, we have considered a possible attack scenario where an eavesdropper is present as a legitimate relay node in disguise in the network. A novel scheme of simultaneous transmission of jamming signal and message signal is proposed to confuse the eavesdropper. Here we consider a source, a destination and two amplify and forward (AF) relays each employed with a single antenna. One of the two relays used in the network is un-trusted and eavesdrop the information signal sent by the source. We analyze secrecy outage probability (SOP) of our proposed scheme under several network parameters such as target secrecy rate, transmit power of source, jamming power by destination and mean powers of fading channel. We also develop a simulation test bed to evaluate secrecy outage probability.
Smart Home Delay Tolerant Network for an Earthquake Disaster

In a previous paper, we proposed a rescue support system for victims buried in an earthquake disaster by constructing an ad-hoc network using home-server smart homes. However, this system has the following two problems: i) it cannot ensure sufficient density of home servers for a WLAN communication range, ii) the system does not consider areas in which home servers cannot be used such as in parks and factories, for example. In this research, we propose a new method using a delay tolerant network (DTN) technique. In this method, rescuers with mobile devices relay information between disconnected networks by walking around during rescue activities. For a performance evaluation, we performed simulation experiments using a map of Abeno-ku, Osaka. From our results, we show that the proposed method increases the information acquisition rate, and the network can be maintained. In addition, we quantitatively show the penetration of the smart home needed for our system.
Metaphor in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences

Analysts of human conduct have become increasingly cognizant of the fragility of their subjects and objects. Even empiricist forms of social science, now less dependent on an orthodox understanding of the application of the scientific code, have become more accepting of the inevitably rhetorical component of knowledge related communication. And alternative philosophies of the social sciences, departing from the austere scientific subject the uninvolved, objective analyst have, like phenomenology, construed knowing as an active, meaning constitutive force, wherein the objects of knowledge are linked to the knowing subjects for whom the objects are knowledge related. While these trends remain marginal to mainstream social and political inquiry, they have encouraged a genre of analysis that is sensitive to the speech practices of the persons whose conduct is under analysis, the various individuals (e.g., a political leader or a person who changes sex) and groups (e.g., helping professionals or law enforcement personnel) who are seen as complicit in creating the meaning frames within which their conduct is rationalized and legitimated. But all this has left the language of analysis itself out in the cold. Methodologies tied to various forms of imagery for knowledge and understanding dwell within methodological/epistemological discursive practices and conduct themselves as if their form of writing/
Synthetic infrared images and spectral energy distributions of a young low-mass stellar cluster

We present three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiative-transfer models of a very young ( 500 μm, compared with that without accretion discs. While the former excess is caused by the warm dust present in the discs, the latter is caused by the presence of the underheated (shadowed) dust. Our model with accretion discs around each object shows a similar distribution of spectral index (2.2-20 μm) values (i.e. Class 0-III sources) to that seen in the p Ophiuchus cloud. We confirm that the best diagnostics for identifying objects with accretion discs are mid-infrared (λ = 3-10 μm) colours (e.g. SST IRAC bands) rather than HKL colours.
Association between Duration of Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneum during Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery and Hepatic Injury: A Meta-Analysis

Background The aim of this study is to accurately assess whether the duration of intraoperative carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum (CDP) is associated with the induction of hepatic injury. Methods We conducted a systematic review of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases (through February 2014) to identify case-match studies that compared high-pressure CDP with low-pressure CDP or varied the duration of CDP in patients who underwent abdominal surgery. The outcome of interest was postoperative liver function (ALT, AST, TB). Results Eleven comparative studies involving 2,235 participants were included. Overall, levels of ALT, AST, and TB (on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7) were significantly elevated in the study groups. However, the results of the subanalyses of those who underwent laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection (LCR) versus open colorectal cancer resection (OCR) and those who underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass (LGBP) versus open gastric bypass (OGBP) were inconsistent. Conclusions The current evidence suggests that the duration of CDP during laparoscopic abdominal surgery may be associated with hepatic injury. Additional large-scale, randomized, controlled trials are urgently needed to further confirm this.
Towards Building Parallel Dependency Treebanks: Intra-Chunk Expansion and Alignment for English Dependency Treebank

The paper presents our work on the annotation of intra-chunk dependencies on an English treebank that was previously annotated with Inter-chunk dependencies, and for which there exists a fully expanded parallel Hindi dependency treebank. This provides fully parsed dependency trees for the English treebank. We also report an analysis of the inter-annotator agreement for this chunk expansion task. Further, these fully expanded parallel Hindi and English treebanks were word aligned and an analysis for the task has been given. Issues related to intra-chunk expansion and alignment for the language pair HindiEnglish are discussed and guidelines for these tasks have been prepared and released.
On Data Center Network Architectures for Interconnecting Dual-Port Servers

During the past decade, various novel data center network (DCN) architectures have been proposed to meet various requirements of large scale data centers. In existing works that consider server-centric DCN architectures, the lengths of a server-to-server-direct hop and a server-to-server-via-a-switch hop are assumed to be equal. We propose the concept of Normalized Switch Delay (NSD) to distinguish a server-to-server-direct hop and a server-to-server-via-a-switch hop, to unify the design and analysis of server-centric DCN architectures for interconnecting servers with two network interface cards. In [1], the authors claim that BCN is the largest known architecture to interconnect dual-port servers, with diameter 7, given a switch port number. We notice that the existing DPillar [2] architecture accommodates more servers than BCN does under the same configurations. Motivated by this fact, we consider a fundamental problem: maximizing the number of dual-port servers, given network diameter and switch port number; and give an upper bound on this maximum number. Then, we propose three novel architectures that try to achieve this upper bound: SWCube, SWKautz, and SWdBruijn, based on the generalized hypercube, Kautz graph, and de Bruijn graph, respectively. The number of servers that SWCube can accommodate is comparable to that of DPillar. The number of servers that SWKautz and SWdBruijn can accommodate is generally greater than that of DPillar. Compared with three existing architectures, the three proposed architectures, SWCube, SWKautz and SWdBruijn demonstrate various advantages. Analysis and simulations on the newly proposed architectures also show that they have nice properties for DCNs, such as low diameter, high bisection width, good fault-tolerance, and the capability of efficiently handling network congestion.
On the existence of global attractors

Let be a semiiow on a complete metric space W. Assume that is-contracting (in the sense of Kuratowski) and point dissipative. We show here that has a global attractor in W. This is an improvement over earlier results in which a further assumption, wherein the orbit of each bounded set is bounded, is made for. Furthermore, this result includes the Billotti-LaSalle Theorem, where is assumed to be compact for t r > 0, as a special case.
Towards Predictive Modeling of Message-Passing Communication

Communication has been shown to be a performance bottleneck and a limiting factor of many large parallel applications. As such, predicting the application scalability necessitates a communication performance model.This paper investigates the LogGP communication performance model for predicting message-passing communications when the system con¿guration (i.e., number of nodes) is varied. The cost functions for the message-passing operations are based on MVAPICH2 1.0, and the experiments are conducted on the Ranger system using up to 256 nodes connected with an In¿niBand net-work. For point-to-point communications, we observe that the LogGP model accurately predicts the communication performance. However, the results for three collective operations, i.e., MPI_Barrier, MPI_Alltoall, and MPI_Bcast, are varying. For MPI_Bcast, the LogGP model is able to predict its scalability up to 256 nodes, and the prediction error is at most a factor of two on 256 nodes. For the remaining collectives, the scalability--- bar that of MPI_Alltoall on small messages (m = 2 bytes) --- is predicted by LogGP, but the prediction error for 256 nodes is 3.5–12 times of the measured performance.
Estimating the Division Rate of the Self-Similar Growth-Fragmentation Equation

We consider the growth-fragmentation equation and we address the problem of finding the division rate from the stable size distribution of the population, which is easily measured, but non-smooth. We propose a method based on the Mellin transform for growth-fragmentation equations with self-similar kernels. We build a sequence of functions which converges to the density of the population in division, simultaneously in several weighted L 2 spaces, as the measurement error goes to 0. This improves previous results for self-similar kernels and allows us to understand the partial results for general fragmentation kernels. Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical results. Moreover, our numerical method is tested on real biological data, arising from a bacteria growth and fission experiment.
Vaccine safety: current and future challenges.

Immunizations are responsible for preventing death and disability from disease and are among the most cost-effective and widely used public health interventions. However, it is also recognized that no vaccine is perfectly safe or effective. Some people will experience side effects from vaccines, and a few may not experience a complete immunologic response to a vaccine, leaving them susceptible to disease. Sustaining high vaccine coverage rates may become more of a challenge as people question the limitations of vaccines and new parents no longer see or hear about the diseases from which vaccines protect them. In the future, maintaining public support for immunizations will be critical for preventing outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases. In this chapter, we will focus on the importance of vaccine safety research; current gaps and limitations in knowledge in the field of vaccine safety; how vaccine safety is monitored; the vaccine injury compensation program; vaccine risk communication, and helpful resources for specific questions about vaccine safety.
A prospective study on the epidemiology of febrile episodes during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in children with cancer or after hemopoietic stem cell transplantation.

BACKGROUND The purpose of our study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of febrile episodes during neutropenia following chemotherapy in children with cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective, 3-year single-center observational study of periods of neutropenia was performed. Epidemiology and clinical diagnoses of febrile episodes occurring during the neutropenic periods were evaluated, taking into consideration different categories of anticancer treatment based on the type of tumor and phase of therapy. RESULTS A total of 703 febrile episodes were observed during 614 (34%) of 1792 neutropenic periods (34%), for a total of 28,001 days at risk, accounting for a rate of 0.76 episodes per 30 days at risk. The highest proportions of neutropenic periods with primary febrile episodes were observed after autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (58%), aggressive treatment for acute leukemia or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (48%), and allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (44%); the lowest proportion (9%) was observed during maintenance chemotherapy for acute leukemia (P<.001). The most frequent clinical diagnosis was fever of unknown origin (in 79% of cases), followed by bacteremia (10%); invasive mycosis was diagnosed in only 2% of cases. CONCLUSIONS The overall incidence of febrile neutropenia and severe infectious complications in children with cancer is low, with differences according to the aggressiveness of chemotherapy. This fact must be considered when designing clinical trials on the management of infectious complications in children with cancer.
Sexism and physical, sexual and verbal- emotional aggression in courtship relationships in university students

Introduction. Recently research on partner violence has shifted from adults to younger populations. Different models have explained this phenomenon trough out many factors. However feminist theory has given great weight to the sexist attitudes in the development and maintenance of violent behavior. The aim of this study is corroborate empirically the theoretical relationship between these variables to devise prevention and intervention plans for the eradication of this problem. Method. We analyzed the levels of benevolent and hostile sexism toward women, the frequency of physical, sexual and verbal, emotional aggressions, perpetrated and suffered, and the relationship between these variables in a sample of 453 students in different degrees from the University of Salamanca, aged between 18 and 36 years. The sample selection was stratified and not random; the number of members for each stratum was determined by proportional allocation and the inclusion criterion was having or having had a relationship. Results. The results indicate significant differences in levels of sexism among men and women. Males reported having perpetrated significantly more sexual aggressions, females reported having perpetrated significantly more verbal-emotional aggressions, but no sex differences were found in the frequency of commited physical aggressions. About the frequency of suffered aggressions, men reported a higher frequency in physical aggressions and there were no significant differences by sex in the suffered sexual and verbal-emotional aggressions. No strong links were observed between sexist attitudes and aggressive behaviors. Discussion and Conclusion: Results highlight the need for research on ambivalent sexism toward men and the desirability of more quantitative and qualitative studies on bidirectional violence in dating relationships of young people, which in turn would suggest the ecological or posturing inclusive models in their explanation involving multiple factors and alternatives to the abuser-victim dichotomy for understanding, prevention and intervention in violence in young couples.
THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE ANXIETY IN TEACHER-FRONTED AND SMALL-GROUP INTERACTION IN SPANISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE: HOW IS PRONUNCIATION ACCURACY AFFECTED?

The use of group work in the second language classroom has become common with the introduction of Communicative Language Teaching. The focus on group work has led to a body of research analyzing differences in student speech in the group work and teacher-fronted environments. The present study focused on differences in pronunciation accuracy in these two environments, and the influence that language anxiety may have on these differences. The results show that pronunciation accuracy does not differ between the two environments. In addition, there was no significant relationship between pronunciation accuracy and anxiety in the group work environment. However, there was a significant negative correlation (r = -.562, p = .012) between language anxiety and pronunciation accuracy in the teacher-fronted environment. This suggests that language anxiety only has negative effects on pronunciation during teacher-fronted activities.
Tracking multiple moving objects with a mobile robot

One of the goals in the field of mobile robotics is the development of mobile platforms which operate in populated environments. For many tasks it is therefore highly desirable that a robot can determine the positions of the humans in its surrounding. We introduce sample-based joint probabilistic data association filters to track multiple moving objects with a mobile robot. Our technique uses the robot's sensors and a motion model of the objects being tracked. A Bayesian filtering technique is applied to adapt the tracking process to the number of objects in the sensor range of the robot. Our approach to tracking multiple moving objects has been implemented and tested on a real robot. We present experiments illustrating that our approach is able to robustly keep track of multiple persons even in situations in which people are temporarily occluded. The experiments furthermore show that the approach outperforms other techniques developed so far.
R peak detection and feature extraction for the diagnosis of heart diseases

Patient monitors with arrhythmia detection will enhance the quality of living of human by aiding in prediction of diseases in much early stage. In this work we have developed an algorithm for classifying the ECG signals into normal and arrhythmic signal. Here we have detected the R peaks from denoised ECG signal with an accuracy of 97.56%. Extracted features from the signal in both time and frequency domain and the signals are classified into normal and abnormal signals using support vector algorithm. The accuracy of the algorithm is tested by applying on MIT-BIH arrhythmia database and we obtained an overall 80% classifier accuracy.
InflatiBits: A Modular Soft Robotic Construction Kit for Children

InflatiBits is a modular construction kit that enables playful exploration of pneumatically actuated kinematic systems. The kit contains different building blocks based on soft robotics principles such as soft inflatable air-chambers, constraining elements, air-connectors, pressure sources, and sensor modules. The elements can be combined and actuated manually or through an optional Arduino-based control board. The board contains a motorized air-pump, solenoid valves and allows for connecting the sensor module to achieve more complex behaviors and motion patterns. The InflatiBits modules and connectors are compatible with standard Lego parts, enabling children to integrate them into existing playing environments.
Mindfulness and its applications in overall well-being and education

The present dissertation aims at examining the literature concerning mindfulness as it relates to educational psychology and overviews three research studies conducted to add empirical research on mindfulness, well-being and learning. The contribution of the Thesis is that different theories and methods of mindfulness application are demonstrated and discussed, offering an important tool for modern educational syllabi. In part A, the present Thesis examines the theoretical background regarding mindfulness as it relates to education and well-being and learning. In part A, The theoretical background is divided into three main chapters: Chapter 1) discusses Well-being, learning and education, Chapter 2) explores mindfulness, definitions, implications and Chapter 3) examines mindfulness as a disposition in educational settings. The main aim of the theoretical background is to critically evaluate the concept and attributes of mindfulness, well-being and promote mindfulness as a dispositional way of thinking and antidote to stress incorporated in educational settings. Contrasting definitions, views and evidence of mindfulness are provided as well as potential links to philosophy, well-being, stress, emotional burdens, cognition, neuroscience and education. Results of the analyses for this study suggest that mindfulness is dispositional (trait-like) and could affect burnout and stress levels in students. Limitations in the current study are discussed. The findings implicate (a) the role and influence of mindfulness as a behavior trait and (b) the effect of previous knowledge on a student’s propensity for mindfulness. The positive implications of mindfulness suggest a need for further research (a) on long-term applied mindfulness program in actual classrooms and (b) on a combined Kabat-Zinn (1989) and Langer (1989) form of mindfulness instruction.