Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Possibility of Coal Combustion Product Conditioning

This paper is focused on properties of materials known as green binders. They can be used to produce aluminium-siliceous concrete and binders known also as geopolymers. Comparing new ecological binders to ordinary cements we can see huge possibility of reducing amount of main greenhouse gas which is emitted to atmosphere by 3 to even 10 times depending of substrate type used to new green material production. Main ecological source of new materials obtaining possibility is to use already available products which are created in coal combustion and steel smelting process. Most of them are already used in many branches of industry. They are mostly civil engineering, chemistry or agriculture. Conducted research was based on less popular in civil engineering fly ash based on lignite combustion. Materials were examine in order to verify possibility of obtaining hardened mortars based of different factors connected with process of geopolymerization, which are temperature, amount of reaction reagent and time of heat treatment. After systematizing the matrices for the basic parameters affecting the strength of the hardened mortars, the influence of the fly ash treatment for increasing the strength was tested.
Facial Palsy, a Disorder Belonging to Influential Neurological Dynasty: Review of Literature

Facial paralysis is one of the common problem leading to facial deformation. Bell′s palsy (BP) is defined as a lower motor neuron palsy of acute onset and idiopathic origin. BP is regarded as a benign common neurological disorder of unknown cause. It has an acute onset and is almost always a mononeuritis. The facial nerve is a mixed cranial nerve with a predominant motor component, which supplies all muscles concerned with unilateral facial expression. Knowledge of its course is vital for anatomic localization and clinical correlation. BP accounts for approximately 72% of facial palsies. Almost a century later, the management and etiology of BP is still a subject of controversy. Here, we present a review of literature on this neurologically significant entity.
COMPACTEST: A METHOD TO GENERATE COMPACT TEST SETS FOR COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS

Heuristics to aid the derivation of small test sets that detect single stuck-at faults in combinational logic circuits are proposed. The heuristics can be added to existing test pattern generators without compromising fault coverage. Experimental results obtained by adding the proposed heuristics to a simple PODEM procedure and applying it to the ISCAS-85 and fully-scanned ISCAS-89 benchmark circuits are presented to substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed heuristics. >
On NAT Traversal in Peer-to-Peer Applications

A widely used technique to overcome the shortage of unique public IP addresses is network address translation (NAT), which hides several hosts behind a single public address. This method works smoothly with client-server architectures; however, it causes severe problems with the peer-to-peer (p2p) communication paradigm. Due to the side effects of NAT, the establishing connection is made possible only by using special NAT traversal techniques. This paper presents a lightweight framework for NAT traversal, which smoothly integrates with p2p applications. The framework can be easily used by most p2p applications, is extensible and does not require additional maintenance overhead.
The Optimization of Parallel Multiplication

Abstract These article presents a solution of the synthesis of parallel multiplication systems with the alternative – mutually excluding results the addition of partial products. The paper uses “n:m reducers” to determine the sums of bits of partial products for parallel multipliers in the diagram of Wallace tree. The elaboration refers to the solution for multiplying numbers of 8 bits, but it can be enlarged for 16 and 32 bits. The proposed solution gives the opportunity to use the probability of conditional significant partial products and faster service – fewer logic levels for special cases of multiplication related to the specific values of the sums of partial product bits.
Quantum Cascade Lasers for Biosensing Applications

Quantum cascade lasers represent nowadays a mature technology to obtain laser sources in the medium and far infrared region (up to THz). Several advantages with respect to other coherent sources make this kind of lasers particularly attractive: the emission frequency can be selected by properly designing the growth structure, the emission wavelength is tunable with a very good precision and a high optical power in the IR range can be emitted in a spot of small size. These properties make them suitable for several applications, including gas spectroscopy in the IR range. In this work we introduce different types of quantum cascade lasers and we provide a description of their performances and properties, showing that they are suitable candidates for biosensing applications. (17 References).
A model for multimodal reference resolution

An important aspect of the interpretation of multimodal messages is the ability to identify when the same object in the world is the referent of symbols in different modalities. To understand the caption of a picture, for instance, one needs to identify the graphical symbols that are referred to by names and pronouns in the natural language text. One way to think of this problem is in terms of the notion of anaphora; however, unlike linguistic anaphoric inference, in which antecedents for pronouns are selected from a linguistic context, in the interpretation of the textual part of multimodal messages the antecedents are selected from a graphical context. Under this view, resolving multimodal references is like resolving anaphora across modalities. Another way to see the same problem is to look at pronouns in texts about drawings as deictic. In this second view, the context of interpretation of a natural language term is defined as a set of expressions of a graphical language with well-defined syntax and semantics. Natural language and graphical terms are thought of as standing in a relation of translation similar to the translation relation that holds between natural languages. In this paper a theory based on this second view is presented. In this theory, the relations between multimodal representation and spatial deixis, on the one hand, and multimodal reasoning and deictic inference, on the other, are discussed. An integrated model of anaphoric and deictic resolution in the context of the interpretation of multimodal discourse is also advanced.
Fido: A Cache That Learns to Fetch

Accurately fetching data objects or pages in advance of their use is a powerful means of improving performance, but this capability has been difficult to realize. Current OODBs maintain object caches that employ fetch and replacement policies derived from those used for virtual-memory demand paging. These policies usually assume no knowledge of the future. Object cache managers often employ demand fetching combined with data clustering to effect prefetching, but cluster prefetching can be ineffective when the access patterns serviced are incompatible. This paper describes FIDO, an experimental {\em predictive cache} that predicts access for individuals during a session by employing an associative memory to assimilate regularities in the access pattern of an individual over time. By dint of continual training, the associative memory adapts to changes in the database and in the user''s access pattern, enabling on-line access predictions for prefetching. We discuss two salient components of Fido: \begin{enumerate} \item MLP, a replacement policy for managing pre-fetched objects. \item Estimating Prophet, an associative memory that recognizes patterns in access sequences adaptively over time and provides on-line predictions used for prefetching. \end{enumerate} We then present some early simulation thatts which suggest that predictive caching works well, especially for sequential access patterns, and conclude that predictive caching holds great promise.
Arguments and Modifiers from the Learner’s Perspective

We present a model for inducing sentential argument structure, which distinguishes arguments from optional modifiers. We use this model to study whether representing an argument/modifier distinction helps in learning argument structure, and whether a linguistically-natural argument/modifier distinction can be induced from distributional data alone. Our results provide evidence for both hypotheses.
Premium IOLs in Glaucoma

ABSTRACT Advanced technology or premium intraocular lenses have been developed to meet the patient expectations of perfect distance and near vision without the need for spectacles. Careful patient selection is critical when implanting these implants. This brief review focusses mainly on multifocal and toric IOLs and their application and limitations in patients with glaucoma. How to cite this article: Ichhpujani P, Bhartiya S, Sharma A. Premium IOLs in Glaucoma. J Current Glau Prac 2013;7(2): 54-57.
Adaptative capacity of mitochondrial biogenesis and of mitochondrial dynamics in response to pathogenic respiratory chain dysfunction.

AIMS Cellular energy homeostasy relies on mitochondrial plasticity, the molecular determinants of which are multiple. Yet, the relative contribution of and possible cooperation between mitochondrial biogenesis and morphogenesis to cellular energy homeostasy remains elusive. Here we analyzed the adaptative capacity of mitochondrial content and dynamics in muscle biopsies of patients with a complex IV defect, and in skin fibroblasts challenged with complex IV inhibition. RESULTS We observed a biphasic variation of the mitochondrial content upon complex IV inhibition in muscle biopsies and in skin fibroblasts. Adjustment of mitochondrial content for respiratory maintenance was blocked by using a dominant negative form of CREB (CREB-M1) and by L-NAME, a blocker of NO production. Accordingly, cells treated with KCN 6 μM showed higher levels of phospho-CREB, PGC1α mRNA, eNOS mRNA, and mtTFA mRNA. We also observed the increased expression of the fission protein DRP1 during fibroblasts adaptation, as well as mitochondrial ultrastructural defects indicative of increased fission in patients muscle micrographs. Accordingly, the expression of a dominant negative form of DRP1 (K38A mutant) reduced the biogenic response in fibroblasts challenged with 6 μM KCN. INNOVATION Our findings indicate that mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial fission cooperate to promote cellular adaptation to respiratory chain inhibition. CONCLUSIONS Our data show for the first time that DRP1 intervenes during the initiation of the mitochondrial adaptative response to respiratory chain defects. The evidenced pathway of mitochondrial adaptation to respiratory chain deficiency provides a safety mechanism against mitochondrial dysfunction.
An Experimental Analysis to Assess Photo-Acoustic Techniques for Silver Nano-Particles; Considering Physical Properties

Aim: To assess the photo-acoustic techniques for the calculation of size, distribution, shape and phase of silver nanoparticles. Methodology: The silver nanoparticles were synthesized by sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and silver nitrate (AgNO3). Nine samples were prepared with varying concentrations and the changes in their properties were studied. Results: The shape of the silver nanoparticles was found to be spherical in shape. The average size of the silver nanoparticles was calculated to be 4-27nm. The results suggested that the particle size was decreasing with increase in the concentration of the silver nanoparticles. The strongest peak was obtained at 392nm which corresponds to the concentration C1. The absorption peak was found to be shifting towards the longer waves with the decrease in concentration. The XRD analysis revealed that the silver nanoparticles corresponding to all concentrations possessed crystal cubic structure. Conclusion: The silver nanoparticles were being extensively used in various applications due to their unique physical properties.
Tocotrienols Reverse Cardiovascular, Metabolic and Liver Changes in High Carbohydrate, High Fat Diet-Fed Rats

Tocotrienols have been reported to improve lipid profiles, reduce atherosclerotic lesions, decrease blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin concentrations, normalise blood pressure in vivo and inhibit adipogenesis in vitro, yet their role in the metabolic syndrome has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the effects of palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on high carbohydrate, high fat diet-induced metabolic, cardiovascular and liver dysfunction in rats. Rats fed a high carbohydrate, high fat diet for 16 weeks developed abdominal obesity, hypertension, impaired glucose and insulin tolerance with increased ventricular stiffness, lower systolic function and reduced liver function. TRF treatment improved ventricular function, attenuated cardiac stiffness and hypertension, and improved glucose and insulin tolerance, with reduced left ventricular collagen deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration. TRF improved liver structure and function with reduced plasma liver enzymes, inflammatory cell infiltration, fat vacuoles and balloon hepatocytes. TRF reduced plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride concentrations but only omental fat deposition was decreased in the abdomen. These results suggest that tocotrienols protect the heart and liver, and improve plasma glucose and lipid profiles with minimal changes in abdominal obesity in this model of human metabolic syndrome.
Prenatal cocaine exposure and children's language functioning at 6 and 9.5 years: moderating effects of child age, birthweight, and gender.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE), or the interaction between PCE and contextual variables, is associated with children's language at age 6 and 9.5 years, adjusting for relevant covariates. METHODS Analyses were based on 160 low-income, urban children from a prospective study who completed a standardized language assessment at 6 and 9.5 years. PCE was determined using neonatal meconium assays and maternal self-report. RESULTS Significant interaction effects of PCE on language outcomes were found in multivariate longitudinal analyses using generalized estimating equations (GEE). Children with PCE had lower receptive language than unexposed children at 6 but not at 9.5 years, lower expressive language if they had lower birthweight, and lower expressive and total language if they were female. Other risk (e.g., violence exposure) and protective factors (e.g., preschool experience) were related to language outcomes regardless of PCE status. CONCLUSIONS Age, birthweight, and gender moderated the relation between PCE and school-aged children's language.
DESIGN OF COMPACT COUPLED MICROSTRIP LINE BAND PASS FILTER WITH IMPROVED STOPBAND CHARACTERISTICS

A compact symmetrical band-pass fllter design using coupled microstrip line is presented in this paper. The microstrip line sections connected to the two input and output ports of the fllter structure are printed over the Defected Ground Structure (DGS). The proposed symmetrical structure ofiers a simple and compact design and exhibits improved stop-band characteristics in comparison to the conventional coupled microstrip line fllter structure. The prototype model of the proposed fllter structure is developed and tested. The measured results are found to be in good agreement with the simulation results.
MicroRNA‐661 modulates redox and metabolic homeostasis in colon cancer

Cancer cell survival and metastasis are dependent on metabolic reprogramming that is capable of increasing resistance to oxidative and energetic stress. Targeting these two processes can be crucial for cancer progression. Herein, we describe the role of microRNA‐661 (miR661) as epigenetic regulator of colon cancer (CC) cell metabolism. MicroR661 induces a global increase in reactive oxygen species, specifically in mitochondrial superoxide anions, which appears to be mediated by decreased carbohydrate metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway, and by a higher dependency on mitochondrial respiration. MicroR661 overexpression in non‐metastatic human CC cells induces an epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition phenotype, and a reduced tolerance to metabolic stress. This seems to be a general effect of miR661 in CC, since metastatic CC cell metabolism is also compromised upon miR661 overexpression. We propose hexose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase M2 as two key players related to the observed metabolic reprogramming. Finally, the clinical relevance of miR661 expression levels in stage‐II and III CC patients is discussed. In conclusion, we propose miR661 as a potential modulator of redox and metabolic homeostasis in CC.
Modeling of Pronunciation, Language and Nonverbal Units at Conversational Russian Speech Recognition

The main problems of a conversational Russian speech recognition system development are variability of pronunciation, free word-order in sentences and presence of speech disfluencies. In the paper, pronunciation variability is modeled by creation of multiple word transcriptions. A syntacticstatistical language model that takes into account long-distant word dependencies is proposed for Russian language modeling. Also in this paper the results of analysis of such speech disfluencies as artefacts and filled pauses, which were extracted during segmentation of the Russian speech corpus, are presented. The recognition accuracy of nonverbal elements in the collected corpus was 87%. The proposed methods of pronunciation variability modeling and syntactic-statistical language model creation were realized in the software complex for Russian speech recognition. The performed experiments with large vocabulary using syntactic-statistical language model showed that word error rate of the system was 33%.
BLSTM-HMM hybrid system combined with sound activity detection network for polyphonic Sound Event Detection

This paper presents a new hybrid approach for polyphonic Sound Event Detection (SED) which incorporates a temporal structure modeling technique based on a hidden Markov model (HMM) with a frame-by-frame detection method based on a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN). The proposed BLSTM-HMM hybrid system makes it possible to model sound event-dependent temporal structures and also to perform sequence-by-sequence detection without having to resort to thresholding such as in the conventional frame-by-frame methods. Furthermore, to effectively reduce insertion errors of sound events, which often occurs under noisy conditions, we additionally implement a binary mask post-processing using a sound activity detection (SAD) network to identify segments with any sound event activity. We conduct an experiment using the DCASE 2016 task 2 dataset to compare our proposed method with typical conventional methods, such as non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and a standard BLSTM-RNN. Our proposed method outperforms the conventional methods and achieves an F1-score 74.9 % (error rate of 44.7 %) on the event-based evaluation, and an F1-score of 80.5 % (error rate of 33.8 %) on the segment-based evaluation, most of which also outperforms the best reported result in the DCASE 2016 task 2 challenge.
Target-specific utilization of transcriptional regulatory surfaces by the glucocorticoid receptor

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activates or represses transcription depending on the sequence and architecture of the glucocorticoid response elements in target genes and the availability and activity of interacting cofactors. Numerous GR cofactors have been identified, but they alone are insufficient to dictate the specificity of GR action. Furthermore, the role of different functional surfaces on the receptor itself in regulating its targets is unclear, due in part to the paucity of known target genes. Using DNA microarrays and real-time quantitative PCR, we identified genes transcriptionally activated by GR, in a translation-independent manner, in two human cell lines. We then assessed in U2OS osteosarcoma cells the consequences of individually disrupting three GR domains, the N-terminal activation function (AF) 1, the C-terminal AF2, or the dimer interface, on activation of these genes. We found that GR targets differed in their requirements for AF1 or AF2, and that the dimer interface was dispensable for activation of some genes in each class. Thus, in a single cell type, different GR surfaces were used in a gene-specific manner. These findings have strong implications for the nature of gene response element signaling, the composition and structure of regulatory complexes, and the mechanisms of context-specific transcriptional regulation.
Androgen levels are associated with blood pressure in pregnant women after term

Objective. To assess possible associations between androgen, estrogen and insulin levels and blood pressure in pregnant women after term, compared with the effect of other well‐known factors. Design. Cross‐sectional retrospective study. Setting. University Hospital, Trondheim region. Population. Four hundred and eighty‐nine post‐term women with uncomplicated pregnancies. Methods. Blood pressure measurements and fasting serum samples drawn one week beyond the estimated day of delivery (defined as 41+2weeks). Main Outcome Measures. Blood pressure, maternal age, body mass index, parity, smoking habits and serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstendione, free testosterone index, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, 17‐hydroxy‐progesterone and insulin. Results. In univariate linear regression analyses, body mass index, androstendione, free testosterone index and insulin were positively associated and parity was negatively associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In multivariate linear regression analyses, systolic blood pressure was positively associated with body mass index and free testosterone index, but negatively associated with parity and 17‐hydroxy‐progesterone levels, while diastolic blood pressure was positively associated with age and free testosterone index, but negatively associated with parity and 17‐hydroxy‐progesterone levels. Conclusion. Testosterone may increase blood pressure in pregnant women, while 17‐hydroxy‐progesterone may have the opposite effect.
SHOC2 and CRAF Mediate ERK1/2 Reactivation in Mutant NRAS-mediated Resistance to RAF Inhibitor*

Background: Reactivation of ERK1/2 frequently underlies acquired resistance to RAF inhibitors. Results: NRAS mutations are acquired during resistance to RAF inhibitors and promote CRAF and SHOC2-modulated ERK1/2 pathway re-activation. Conclusion: NRAS mutations in mutant BRAF cells alter RAF isoform and SHOC2 usage in the presence of RAF inhibitor. Significance: These studies delineate mechanisms mediating RAF inhibitor resistance in mutant BRAF cells. ERK1/2 signaling is frequently dysregulated in tumors through BRAF mutation. Targeting mutant BRAF with vemurafenib frequently elicits therapeutic responses; however, durable effects are often limited by ERK1/2 pathway reactivation via poorly defined mechanisms. We generated mutant BRAFV600E melanoma cells that exhibit resistance to PLX4720, the tool compound for vemurafenib, that co-expressed mutant (Q61K) NRAS. In these BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K co-expressing cells, re-activation of the ERK1/2 pathway during PLX4720 treatment was dependent on NRAS. Expression of mutant NRAS in parental BRAFV600 cells was sufficient to by-pass PLX4720 effects on ERK1/2 signaling, entry into S phase and susceptibility to apoptosis in a manner dependent on the RAF binding site in NRAS. ERK1/2 activation in BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K cells required CRAF only in the presence of PLX4720, indicating a switch in RAF isoform requirement. Both ERK1/2 activation and resistance to apoptosis of BRAFV600E/NRASQ61K cells in the presence of PLX4720 was modulated by SHOC-2/Sur-8 expression, a RAS-RAF scaffold protein. These data show that NRAS mutations confer resistance to RAF inhibitors in mutant BRAF cells and alter RAF isoform and scaffold molecule requirements to re-activate the ERK1/2 pathway.