Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
European Stroke Organisation recommendations to establish a stroke unit and stroke center.

In the recent Helsingborg declaration, acute organized stroke unit care was described as the backbone of the chain of care for all European stroke victims. Access to stroke units is, however, still limited. To improve the availability and the quality of affordable stroke care, the European Stroke Organisation (ESO) has appointed an ESO Stroke Unit Certification Committee to define the requirements and criteria for official certification as ESO Stroke Units and ESO Stroke Centres based on scientific evidence from randomized controlled trials, clinical practice guidelines, and expert consensus. Important features of modern stroke care include the presence of a dedicated stroke unit ward, a multiprofessional team approach, a comprehensive stroke unit organization, including emergency room organization, adherence to diagnostic and therapeutic time-windows, early swallowing diagnostics and therapy, intravenous thrombolytic therapy, periods of automated monitoring, access to decrompressive craniectomy and intraarterial thrombolysis, early mobilization and rehabilitation, supported discharge and basic aftercare with treatment of risk factors and poststroke prevention. The Committee defined the target population, the necessary infrastructure, technical equipment, diagnostic pathways, therapeutic interventions, nursing care, and multiprofessional rehabilitation. The definitions also cover the hospital environment characteristics and the stroke unit’s interactions with other departments. Quality indicators for benchmarking are presented. Although the ESO Stroke Unit’s requirements are largely evidence-based, expert consensus is also included where evidence was unavailable. These recommendations of the ESO task force should stimulate hospitals in Europe to apply for ESO certification. Fulfilling of the criteria will be checked by on-site visits.
Uptake of Leucine, Chitin, and Iron by Prokaryotic Groups during Spring Phytoplankton Blooms Induced by Natural Iron Fertilization off Kerguelen Island (Southern Ocean)

Iron and carbon are essential for microbial heterotrophic activity, but the bioavailability of these elements is low in surface waters of the Southern Ocean. Whether the access to iron and carbon differs among phylogenetic groups of prokaryotes is barely known. To address this question we used iron (55FeCl3), and the carbon compounds chitin (3H-Diacetylchitobiose) and leucine (3H-leucine) as model substrates in combination with MICRO-CARD-FISH during spring phytoplankton blooms induced by natural iron fertilization off Kerguelen Island (KErguelen Ocean and Plateau compared Study 2 - KEOPS2; October-November 2011). The application of probes at broad phylogenetic levels indicated an overall similar community composition in surface waters at the 8 investigated sites. The relative contributions of the prokaryotic groups to abundance revealed a strong positive relationship with their respective contributions to the leucine-active community (p0.05; r=0.26). These results suggest preferential uptake of iron and chitin by some prokaryotic groups. SAR11 and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides (CFB) were the dominant contributors to the leucine-active community, while CFB and Archaea had the highest contributions to the chitin-active community. By contrast, Gammaproteobacteria, including SAR86, and CFB revealed the highest contributions to the iron-active community. We found several correlations between the group-specific fractions of active cells for a given substrate and most of them included CFB, pointing to the potential importance of microbial interactions for iron and carbon cycling in the Southern Ocean.
Finite Element Modeling of the Vibrational Behavior of Single-Walled Silicon Carbide Nanotube/Polymer Nanocomposites

The multi-scale finite element method is used to study the vibrational characteristics of polymer matrix reinforced by single-walled silicon carbide nanotubes. For this purpose, the nanoscale finite element method is employed to simulate the nanotubes at the nanoscale. While, the polymer is considered as a continuum at the larger scale. The polymer nanotube interphase is simulated by spring elements. The natural frequencies of nanocomposites with different nanotube volume percentages are computed. Besides, the influences of nanotube geometrical parameters on the vibrational characteristics of the nanocomposites are evaluated. It is shown that reinforcing polymer matrix by single-walled silicon carbide nanotubes leads to increasing the natural frequency compared to neat resin. Increasing the length of the nanotubes at the same diameter results in increasing the difference between the frequencies of nanocomposite and pure polymer. Besides, it is observed that clamped-free nanocomposites experience a larger increase in the presence of the nanotubes than clamped-clamped nanotube reinforced polymers.
Ranking Networks

Latent space models for network formation assume that nodes possess latent attributes that determine their propensity to connect. We propose a new model for network formation, ranking networks, in which these attributes are rankings over some space of alternatives. Such rankings may reflect user preferences, relevance/quality judgements, etc., while ranking networks capture correlations of, say, user preferences across a social network. We present preliminary theoretical and empirical analyses of structural properties of such networks, and develop algorithmic approximations to help efficiently predict these properties. Empirical results demonstrate the quality of these approximations.
Nonvanishing magnetic flux through the slightly charged Kerr black hole

In association with the Blanford-Znajek mechanism for rotational energy extraction from Kerr black holes, it is of some interest to explore how much of magnetic flux can actually penetrate the horizon at least in idealized situations. For completely uncharged Kerr hole case, it has been known for some time that the magnetic flux gets entirely expelled when the hole is maximally-rotating. In the mean time, it is known that when the rotating hole is immersed in an originally uniform magnetic field surrounded by an ionized interstellar medium (plasma), which is a more realistic situation, the hole accretes certain amount of electric charge. In the present work, it is demonstrated that as a result of this accretion charge small enough not to disturb the geometry, the magnetic flux through this slightly charged Kerr hole depends not only on the hole's angular momentum but on the hole's charge as well such that it never vanishes for any value of the hole's angular momentum.
Bipedal Walking Research with the Humanoid Robot M 2

We surveyed existing human data and developed some basic size specifications for the robot M2. A minimum degree of complexity was chosen to accomplish the task of three dimensional walking. The robot has twelve actuated degrees of freedom and is sized after a 50th percentile human male(but lighter). There are three degrees of freedom at each hip, one at each knee, and two at each ankle. The robot weighs 62lbs without batteries, and 72lbs with roughly an hour and a half worth of NiMH batteries. This weight makes the robot manageable in a research environment, as opposed to a full weight adult human.
Coherence and congruence: two aspects of personality integration.

Coherence and congruence-based measures of personality integration were related to a variety of healthy personality characteristics. Functional coherence was defined as occurring when participants' "personal strivings" (R.A. Emmons, 1986) help bring about each other or help bring about higher level goals. Organismic congruence was defined as occurring when participants strive for self-determined reasons or when strivings help bring about intrinsic rather than extrinsic higher level goals. Study 1 found the integration measures were related to each other and to inventory measures of health and well-being. Study 2 showed that these goal integration measures were also related to role system integration and were prospective predictors of daily mood, vitality, and engagement in meaningful as opposed to distracting activities.
Longitudinal assessment of bone mineral density in children with chronic asthma.

BACKGROUND With the emphasis on asthma as a chronic inflammatory process, the management of moderate to severe asthma, even in the pediatric population, has shifted to the regular use of inhaled anti-inflammatory agents, including inhaled corticosteroids. Accompanying the use of these agents has been the precaution that long-term use may have subtle or potential side effects, including growth suppression or decreased bone mineral deposition. OBJECTIVE We sought to study the effects of inhaled anti-inflammatory agents on bone mineral density accumulation in growing asthmatic children. Included in this report is the longitudinal acquisition of bone mineral density in children with moderate to severe asthma. METHODS Bone mineral density in normal and asthmatic children was measured longitudinally by dual-energy absorptiometry. Bone densitometry was determined twice over a 7- to 16-month period in 21 asthmatic children and a 13- to 60-month period in 14 normals. These children with two longitudinal visits were compared with a group of 107 normal children who had a single bone mineral density measurement. RESULTS Nineteen of 21 asthmatic children used regular inhaled corticosteroids during the interval visits. The majority of the asthmatic boys had bone mineral density measurements, at both visits, that were at a higher percentile than normal boys with two visits. Asthmatic girls had bone density measurements at percentiles not significantly different than normal girls with two visits. CONCLUSIONS The advancement of bone mineral density in asthmatic children provides support for the safety of inhaled anti-inflammatory medications on bone mineral density in children with significant asthma.
Startup scenarios in high-power gyrotrons

To realize continuous-wave (CW) operation of millimeter-wave gyrotrons at megawatt (MW)-power levels, these devices must operate in very high-order modes. To excite such an operating mode and to drive it into the regime of MW-level operation with high efficiency requires careful consideration of the startup scenario through which the operating parameters of the device are brought to their nominal values. In the present paper, several common startup scenarios and the most important physical effects associated with them are discussed. Then, the paper presents the results of startup simulations for a 140-GHz, MW-class gyrotron developed by Communications and Power Industries (CPI) for electron-cyclotron plasma heating and current drive experiments on the "Wendelstein 7-X" stellarator. The simulations were done with MAGY, a multifrequency, self-consistent code developed at the University of Maryland. Simulations tracking six competing modes show that, with a proper choice of operating parameters, stable excitation of the desired TE/sub 28,7/-mode at 1 MW level can be realized, despite the presence of dangerous parasites in the resonator spectrum. These results are in approximate agreement with experimental tests, in which the gyrotron demonstrated reliable operation at power levels up to 900 kW. PACS numbers: 84.40. Ik, 52.75 Ms.
Development of a Blended Learning Environment to Support Achievement of Graduate Outcomes through Optimal Learning in an Undergraduate Pharmacy Course

The development of graduate attributes through health professional courses requires the opportunity to engage with learning and teaching activities that reflect the work-based role to which the student aspires. Such activities allow the contextualisation of discipline-specific knowledge, forging a critical understanding of the underpinning theory, and providing a firm foundation for the development of lifelong learning skills. A blended learning approach can be particularly valuable in supporting achievement of the learning outcomes in modules where performance is measured in terms of competency in work-based scenarios. An action research approach was taken to develop and evaluate a cardiovascular risk assessment as the basis for clinically and professionally relevant problem-based learning. Support for this was provided by means of blended learning including a number of online activities. Talking wall focus groups were used to evaluate the student experience, and this was combined with quantitative data regarding student examination performance. Student performance in the cardiovascular section of the examination paper was significantly higher than in other sections. Students reported very favorably on the use of this approach to support not only examination preparation, but also in terms of developing professional identity and enhancing employability skills.
Evidence for dysregulation of axonal growth and guidance in the etiology of ASD

Current theories concerning the cause of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have converged on the concept of abnormal development of brain connectivity. This concept is supported by accumulating evidence from functional imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and high definition fiber tracking studies which suggest altered microstructure in the axonal tracts connecting cortical areas may underly many of the cognitive manifestations of ASD. Additionally, large-scale genomic studies implicate numerous gene candidates known or suspected to mediate neuritic outgrowth and axonal guidance in fetal and perinatal life. Neuropathological observations in postmortem ASD brain samples further support this model and include subtle disturbances of cortical lamination and subcortical axonal morphology. Of note is the relatively common finding of poor differentiation of the gray–white junction associated with an excess superficial white matter or “interstitial” neurons (INs). INs are thought to be remnants of the fetal subplate, a transient structure which plays a key role in the guidance and morphogenesis of thalamocortical and cortico-cortical connections and the organization of cortical columnar architecture. While not discounting the importance of synaptic dysfunction in the etiology of ASD, this paper will briefly review the cortical abnormalities and genetic evidence supporting a model of dysregulated axonal growth and guidance as key developmental processes underlying the clinical manifestations of ASD.
Energy-Efficient Scheduling and Power Allocation in Downlink OFDMA Networks With Base Station Coordination

This paper addresses the problem of energy-efficient resource allocation in the downlink of a cellular orthogonal frequency division multiple access system. Three definitions of energy efficiency are considered for system design, accounting for both the radiated and the circuit power. User scheduling and power allocation are optimized across a cluster of coordinated base stations with a constraint on the maximum transmit power (either per subcarrier or per base station). The asymptotic noise-limited regime is discussed as a special case. Results show that the maximization of the energy efficiency is approximately equivalent to the maximization of the spectral efficiency for small values of the maximum transmit power, while there is a wide range of values of the maximum transmit power for which a moderate reduction of the data rate provides large savings in terms of dissipated energy. In addition, the performance gap among the considered resource allocation strategies is reduced as the out-of-cluster interference increases.
Robust control of UAVs using uncertainty and Disturbance Estimation

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are employed in surveillance, reconnaissance, and aerial photography. The dynamics of UAVs is highly nonlinear and inherently coupled. It also tends to vary continuously with time and is subjected to severe external disturbances. Due to this, dynamic and parametric uncertainties arise in the mathematical model of the UAVs over different operating conditions. In this paper, a controller is synthesised using Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimation (UDE) method. Simulation results prove the robustness of the designed control strategy against uncertainty and disturbance.
Fully parallel write/read in resistive synaptic array for accelerating on-chip learning

A neuro-inspired computing paradigm beyond the von Neumann architecture is emerging and it generally takes advantage of massive parallelism and is aimed at complex tasks that involve intelligence and learning. The cross-point array architecture with synaptic devices has been proposed for on-chip implementation of the weighted sum and weight update in the learning algorithms. In this work, forming-free, silicon-process-compatible Ta/TaOx/TiO2/Ti synaptic devices are fabricated, in which >200 levels of conductance states could be continuously tuned by identical programming pulses. In order to demonstrate the advantages of parallelism of the cross-point array architecture, a novel fully parallel write scheme is designed and experimentally demonstrated in a small-scale crossbar array to accelerate the weight update in the training process, at a speed that is independent of the array size. Compared to the conventional row-by-row write scheme, it achieves >30× speed-up and >30× improvement in energy efficiency as projected in a large-scale array. If realistic synaptic device characteristics such as device variations are taken into an array-level simulation, the proposed array architecture is able to achieve ∼95% recognition accuracy of MNIST handwritten digits, which is close to the accuracy achieved by software using the ideal sparse coding algorithm.
Seven-year survey of classical and pleomorphic invasive lobular breast carcinomas in women from southeastern Serbia: Differences in clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features.

PURPOSE The occurrence of different variants of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast is variable. For example, the pleomorphic variant of ILC has an incidence of around 5%; however, the number of analyzed cases of ILC is shadowed by the number of ductal type carcinoma (IDC). Thus, we aimed to analyze the classical and pleomorphic ILCs in women from southeastern Serbia. METHODS Analyzed were 296 cases (11.91%) diagnosed with ILC, out of 2486 cases of all breast cancers (BCs), during a 7-year period (2005-2011) from southeastern Serbia. The differences in clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features (estrogen receptor/ER, progesterone receptor/ PR, HER-2, Ki-67, BRCA-1, p53 and E-cadherin) of these cases of ILCs were assessed and compared. RESULTS Pleomorphic ILC occurred relatively rarely compared to other variants, however almost one fifth of the ILC cases were pleomorphic. No statistically significant correlation was found between patient age, tumor stage and the presence/absence of multifocality (MFC), multicentricity (MCC) and bilaterality (BL) on one side, and ILC variant on the other. Only the expression of two prognostic and predictive immunohistochemical markers, important for endocrine therapy, ER and PR, showed significant correlation with the ILC variant. CONCLUSIONS Although higher tumor stage, incidence of multicentricity, overexpression of HER2 and higher p53 positivity were deemed to be characteristic of pleomorphic ILC, in our study that included a much larger number of cases than previous studies did, such correlations were not observed. Thus, it appears that the only two features of pleomorphic ILCs is absence of ER and PR positivity.
Curbing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 38 French hospitals through a 15-year institutional control program.

BACKGROUND The Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) institution administers 38 teaching hospitals (23 acute care and 15 rehabilitation and long-term care hospitals; total, 23 000 beds) scattered across Paris and surrounding suburbs in France. In the late 1980s, the proportion of methicillin resistance among clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) reached approximately 40% at AP-HP. METHODS A program aimed at curbing the MRSA burden was launched in 1993, based on passive and active surveillance, barrier precautions, training, and feedback. This program, supported by the strong commitment of the institution, was reinforced in 2001 by a campaign promoting the use of alcohol-based hand-rub solutions. An observational study on MRSA rate was prospectively carried out from 1993 onwards. RESULTS There was a significant progressive decrease in MRSA burden (-35%) from 1993 to 2007, whether recorded as the proportion (expressed as percentage) of MRSA among S aureus strains (41.0% down to 26.6% overall; 45.3% to 24.2% in blood cultures) or incidence of MRSA cases (0.86 down to 0.56 per 1000 hospital days). The MRSA burden decreased more markedly in intensive care units (-59%) than in surgical (-44%) and medical (-32%) wards. The use of ABHR solutions (in liters per 1000 hospital days) increased steadily from 2 L to 21 L (to 26 L in acute care hospitals and to 10 L in rehabilitation and long-term care hospitals) following the campaign. CONCLUSION A sustained reduction of MRSA burden can be obtained at the scale of a large hospital institution with high endemic MRSA rates, providing that an intensive program is maintained for a long period.
Sequence and position requirements for uridylate-rich downstream elements of polyadenylation signals

We have defined the positional and sequence requirements of U-rich downstream elements using a simian virus 40 late polyadenylation signal containing a substituted downstream region. A UUUUU element will significantly increase the efficiency of 3' end processing when placed between 6 and 25 bases downstream from the cleavage site. Positions in this interval closer than 15 bases from the cleavage site, however, were noticeably less efficient. Placement of the UUUUU element between +20 and +25 caused a partial shift in cleavage site usage to a CA motif at +4. Mutational analysis indicated that the sequence requirements at individual positions of the UUUUU element were somewhat flexible. Changing more than one base of the UUUUU sequence, however, severely diminished the ability of the element to mediate efficient 3' end processing. Finally, although hnRNP C proteins specifically interact with U-rich sequences, this protein--RNA interaction is not required for efficient in vitro polyadenylation.