Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum afamin levels in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objectives The association between biomarkers and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or preeclampsia (PE) has been extensively studied. However, there is still a lack of convenient, specific, and sensitive indicators for early identification of GMD and PE. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of published articles to investigate the value of afamin circulating levels in the early diagnosis of GDM and PE. Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for English studies published before November 16, 2022, that examined the association between afamin and GDM or PE. In addition, we searched Clinicaltrials.gov for the relevant completed and ongoing clinical trials. Pooled standard mean differences (SMDs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compare the levels of afamin in different groups. Results Eleven studies were included in our analysis (N = 3047 participants: 1195 GDM, 1407 non-GDM, 195 PE, and 250 non-PE). Subgroup analysis based on different blood collection periods found that the plasma afamin levels in pregnant women with GDM in the first trimester were significantly higher than those in healthy pregnant women (SMD = 0.481, 95% CI: 0.280-0.682), but the analysis showed the opposite results in the second and late stages (SMD = 0.292, 95% CI: -0.092-0.676). The plasma afamin levels of pregnant women with PE in the first trimester (SMD = 0.808, 95% CI: 0.558-1.059) and second/third trimesters (SMD = 0.904, 95% CI: 0.570-1.239) were significantly higher than those in healthy pregnant women. Conclusion The plasma afamin levels in pregnant women with GDM in the first trimester were significantly higher than those in healthy pregnant women, but the analysis showed the opposite results in the second and third trimesters. The plasma afamin levels in pregnant women with PE in the first, second, and third trimesters were significantly higher than those in healthy pregnant women. Additional large-scale prospective studies are desired to verify these findings, and it is recommended that afamin should be included as a routine diagnostic test for women with GDM and PE. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/PROSPERO/display_record. php? RecordID=339171, identifier CRD42022339171.
Causality and Complexity in Evaluating Equity Interventions: Conceptual Issues That Need to Be Addressed in Theory-Driven Evaluation Approaches

We discuss how explicit thinking about a variety of causal pathways, informed by a dynamic systems lens that is responsible for exacerbating and diminishing inequities as well as different types of complexities (related to program pathways), will further help develop theory-driven evaluation approaches such as Contribution Analysis. We argue that contribution claims associated with interventions focused on addressing inequities need to consider the multiple types of causal pathways by which a program can help reduce inequities.
Change Point Detection for Fine-Grained MFR Work Modes with Multi-Head Attention-Based Bi-LSTM Network

Detection of the changes in Multi-Functional Radar (MFR) work modes is a critical situation assessment task for Electronic Support Measure (ESM) systems. There are two major challenges that must be addressed: (i) The received radar pulse stream may contain multiple work mode segments of unknown number and duration, which makes the Change Point Detection (CPD) difficult. (ii) Modern MFRs can produce a variety of parameter-level (fine-grained) work modes with complex and flexible patterns, which are challenging to detect through traditional statistical methods and basic learning models. To address the challenges, a deep learning framework is proposed for fine-grained work mode CPD in this paper. First, the fine-grained MFR work mode model is established. Then, a multi-head attention-based bi-directional long short-term memory network is introduced to abstract high-order relationships between successive pulses. Finally, temporal features are adopted to predict the probability of each pulse being a change point. The framework further improves the label configuration and the loss function of training to mitigate the label sparsity problem effectively. The simulation results showed that compared with existing methods, the proposed framework effectively improves the CPD performance at parameter-level. Moreover, the F1-score was increased by 4.15% under hybrid non-ideal conditions.
Exploring the Potential of Big Data Analytics in Improving Library Management in Indonesia: Challenges, Opportunities, and Best Practice

Abstract This column aims to explore the potential of big data analytics in improving library management in Indonesia and identify the challenges, opportunities, and best practices for libraries when applying big data analytics. Using of literature review of published studies, this column examines the current state of big data analytics in library management in Indonesia and provides recommendations, including a SWOT analysis, for implementing big data analytics in operations. It also highlighted several challenges such as limited resources, limited access to technology and digital literacy among librarians, and limited data security measures which could put sensitive patron data at risk.
Solution for Self-Interference of NOMA-Based Wireless Optical Communication System in Underwater Turbulence Environment

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a multiple access technology of great potential and it has superior performance in underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC). In this paper, we investigate the self-interference problem caused by the superimposed transmission of NOMA-based wireless optical communication system in the underwater turbulent environment, and then propose an alternating composite phase shift (ACPS) coding scheme based on constellation optimization, which can effectively eliminate the decoding error caused by the self-interference within the NOMA paired group. To enhance the optimization efficiency of ACPS in the medium- and strong-turbulence environments, we design a golden-section-approach-based power allocation (GSPA) algorithm that minimizes the bit error rate (BER). The simulation results show that the BER of the low-power user within the NOMA paired group can be reduced by up to 3 orders of magnitude in the ACPS-based UWOC-NOMA system compared to the conventional UWOC-NOMA system. In addition, the proposed GSPA algorithm fully takes into account the light-intensity scintillation caused by the ocean turbulence, which not only significantly reduces the average BER of the NOMA system, but also accelerates the convergence rate.
The Mid‐Lithospheric Discontinuity Caused by Channel Flow in Proto‐Cratonic Mantle

Global geophysical observations show the presence of the enigmatic mid‐lithospheric discontinuity (MLD) at depths of ca. 80–150 km which may question the stability and internal structure of the continental lithosphere. While various mechanisms may explain the MLD, the dynamic processes leading to the seismic observations are unclear. Here we present a physical mechanism for the origin of MLD by channel flow in the cratonic mantle lithosphere, triggered by convective instabilities at cratonic margins in the Archean when the mantle was hot. Our numerical modeling shows that the top of the frozen‐in channel flow creates a shear zone at a depth comparable to the globally observed seismic MLD. Grain size reduction in the shear zone and accumulation of percolated melts or fluids along the channel top may reduce seismic wave speeds as observed below the MLD, while the channel flow itself may explain radial anisotropy of seismic wave speeds and change in direction of the seismic anisotropic fast axis. The proposed mechanism is valid for a broad range of physically realistic parameters and that MLD may have been preserved since its formation in the Archean. The intensity of the channel flow ceased with time due to secular cooling of the Earth's interior. The new mechanism may reshape our understanding of the evolution and stability of cratonic lithosphere.
Additional boundary condition for electric quadrupolar continua derived from Maxwell's differential equations

Electric quadrupolar continua satisfying a physically reasonable constitutive relation supports both an evanescent and a propagating eigenmode. Thus, three interface boundary conditions, two plus an “additional boundary condition” (ABC), are required to obtain a unique solution to a plane wave incident from free space upon an electric quadrupolar half‐space. By generalizing the constitutive relation to hold within the transition layer between the free space and the quadrupolar continuum, we derive these three boundary conditions directly from Maxwell's differential equations. The three boundary conditions are used to determine the unique solution to the boundary value problem of an electric quadrupolar slab. Numerical computations show that for long wavelengths, two previous boundary conditions, derived under the assumption that the electric quadrupolarization contains negligible effective delta functions in the transition layer, produce an accurate solution by neglecting the evanescent eigenmode, that is, by assuming it decays within the transition layer. It appears that the general method used to derive the electric quadrupolar ABC can be applied to obtain the boundary conditions for any other realizable constitutive relation in a Maxwellian multipole continuum.
Application of the quark-confining string to the ψ spectroscopy

We report the results of the nonrelativistic application of the quark-confining string model to the study of psi spectroscopy. This string model is defined by a relativistic-invariant, gauge-invariant, and reparametrization-invariant action describing quarks interacting with color SU(3) gauge fields. The model has no gluonic degrees of freedom, but has instead string degrees of freedom. Quark masses and the quark-gluon coupling constant are the only parameters of the model. In the Schroedinger limit and in the absence of light quarks, the longitudinal modes of the quark-antiquark pair and the rotational modes of the string for a meson reduce to the charmonium model with a linear potential. String vibrations, which are absent in the charmonium model, provide additional levels. They start coming in at around 4.0 GeV; the density of states increases as an exponential function of the mass. The two lowest vibrational levels in the e/sup +/e/sup -/ channel have energies at 4.0 GeV and 4.4 GeV. Relativistic corrections are estimated to be small for the low-lying states so that the Schroedinger approximation is justified. We consider this application to psi spectroscopy as a test of the model.
Numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow in single screw extruder by finite volume method

Based on the vortex-velocity method,the dimensionless control equations of three-dimensional flow in single screw extruder were developed,and a new simulation method for the flow of non-Newtonian fluids was presented.A staggered grid arrangement was used,in which the dependent variables were located at different mesh points in the computational domain.The discretization scheme was second-order accurate,resulting from the use of central differencing.The simulation concerned the incompressible fluid obeying power law and the application of the finite volume method to the geometrical configuration of channel with aspect ratio up to 13.The distributions of velocities and stresses were investigated for different longitudinal pressure gradients.It was found that the distributions of velocities and stresses agreed well with the result of the two-dimensional approximation over 84% width scope owing to the large aspect ratio of the cross-section of the channel.The output decreased linearly with the increase of the longitudinal pressure gradients as observed in dimensionless forms.In addition,the center of the recirculating region in the channel cross-section drifted upward with the increase of longitudinal pressure gradients,which had positive influence on mixing performance.
Residual spatial entropy-based image contrast enhancement and gradient-based relative contrast measurement

This paper proposes a novel algorithm to achieve both global and local contrast enhancement using a new definition of residual spatial entropy of gray levels of an image. Residual spatial entropy is utilized to assign a weight to each gray level which is further used in mapping of input gray levels to output gray levels to achieve global contrast enhancement. A non-linear mapping is applied on transform-domain coefficients of image enhanced globally to perform local contrast enhancement. The algorithm allows to control levels of perceived global and local contrast. New definitions of full-reference relative contrast measures are also introduced. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm produces better or comparable contrast-enhanced images than several state-of-the-art algorithms.
Critical Power(CP):Interpretation and Application

By using the method of literature review and induction,this paper reviewed the critical power in sport training and discussed the relationships between physiological expression,evaluation methods,the mechanism of critical power and aerobic endurance training.The result shows that 1) CP can be the indicator of aerobic training at the high intensity and heavy intensity exercise,and can be demarcated the under the bound of heavy intensity.2) CP should be higher than the LT(Lactate threshold) and lower than VO_2 max,moreover,it will achieve the stabilization of oxygen uptake at CP and lead to attainment of VO_2 max above CP.3) All-out test is an effective way on CP and have higher validity,but it is not enough to experimental evidence. At the same time,a combination of three-parameter model and all-test will become an effective evaluation way on CP.
High-Resolution Ocean Dynamics from Microcanonical Formulations in Nonlinear Complex Signal Analysis

This article develops on a microcanonical formulation for the analysis of the dynamics in acquisitions of remotely sensed oceanographic images using non-linear methods. In new approaches to complexity, fundamental quantities such as singularity exponents (SEs) are computed without any stationary hypothesis, i.e. in situations far from statistical equilibrium, as it is the case in Oceanography. SEs characterize rigorously complex oceanographic coherent structures and their relations. These quantities can be computed from the acquired data using advanced signal processing tools. Computational precision is pivotal and we first give some details on techniques available in non-linear signal processing for computing SEs. SEs relate to the geometric structures linked with the cascading properties of indefinitely divisible variables in turbulent flows. In a second step, we show how cascading properties can be represented by optimal wavelets (OWs); this opens new and fascinating directions of research for the determination of ocean motion field at high spatial resolution. OWs in a microcanonical sense pave the way for the determination of the energy injection mechanisms between the scales. We describe a new method for the complete evaluation of oceanic motion field which consists in propagating along the scales the norm and the orientation of ocean dynamics deduced at low spatial resolution (geostrophic from altimetry and a part of ageostrophic from wind stress products). Using this approach, there is no need to use several temporal occurences as in Optical Flow, Maximum Cross Correlation or FSLE techniques. Instead, the proper determination of the turbulent cascading and energy injection mechanisms in oceanographic signals allows the determination of oceanic motion field at the SST or Ocean colour spatial resolution (pixel size: 4 kms) which often surpasses the results obtained with SQG models. We use the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) to validate the results on simulated data and compare the motion fields obtained with other techniques.
Acupuncture in the Treatment of Abnormal Muscle Tone in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis

Objective To analyse the clinical efficacy of acupuncture and routine treatment in improving dystonia in children with cerebral palsy. Method The randomized controlled trials published from the establishment of the databases to August 2022 on acupuncture in the treatment of dystonia in children with cerebral palsy were collected and comprehensively searched in China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), weipu (VIP), Wanfang, SinoMed, PubMed, Excerpta medica database (EMBASE), and Cochrane Library. The literature was selected according to the established standards, the quality of the included studies was evaluated, the heterogeneity of the included studies was evaluated with the I2 test, and the appropriate model was selected for analysis. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the reliability of the results, and a funnel plot was used to evaluate the publication bias. Results Fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. The control group was treated with routine treatment and acupuncture combined with routine treatment. The outcome index showed that the effect in the treatment group was better: Modified Ashworth Scale score: −0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) (−0.62 to −0.41), p < 0.01. The treatment group showed reduced muscle tension to a greater extent (integral eletromyographic (iEMG) score: standard mean square deviation = −2.97, 95% CI (−4.87 to −1.06), p < 0.01). The effective rate in the control group was 74.2% and that in the treatment group was 91.5%, odds ratio = 3.70, 95% CI (2.02–6.78), p < 0.01. The funnel plot showed publication bias. Conclusion Acupuncture combined with routine training could improve muscle tension abnormalities and improve the efficiency of clinical treatment.
Ion heating by broadband electromagnetic waves in the magnetosheath and across the magnetopause

We present statistical observations demonstrating the action of broadband electromagnetic waves or structures in heating magnetosheath ions in the Earth's magnetosheath and across the magnetopause in the low‐latitude boundary layer. Through the use of a generalized multicomponent fitting routine to the full 3‐D distribution function, we distinguish magnetosheath ions from magnetospheric and diffuse energetic ion populations through these regions. From this approach, we find that the energy density of magnetosheath ions is well correlated with the spectral energy density of electromagnetic field fluctuations on gyro‐radius scales. Through a dispersion analysis, we demonstrate that these field structures have the properties of kinetic Alfvén waves. We show that the heating provided by these waves is nearly entirely perpendicular to the magnetic field and, subject to a threshold condition being exceeded, occurs at a rate that is lognormally distributed as 10‐0.3±1.1 eVs‐1 or on average ~1 eVs‐1. This rapid perpendicular heating is shown in turn to be limited by the threshold condition for anisotropy instabilities which when exceeded leads to further wave emission and the transfer of perpendicular energy to parallel particle energy. We suggest that this cycle of wave emission and heating may be expected to slow magnetosheath flow while driving irreversible changes in magnetosheath ion distributions.
Link Analysis for Solving Multiple-Access MDPs With Large State Spaces

Wireless communication networks can be well-modeled by Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). While traditional dynamic programming algorithms such as value and policy iteration have lower complexity than brute force strategies, they still suffer from complexity issues for large state spaces. In this paper, the development of moderate complexity algorithms with high performance is sought for wireless network control. To this end, the approximate value function can be computed by projecting the original value function into a lower-dimensional subspace with the careful choice of basis vectors using tools from graph signal processing (GSP). Although GSP theory mainly focuses on undirected graphs, the transition graphs of MDPs for wireless networks are generally directed. For this reason, graph symmetrization based on the co-link method is considered due to its ability to preserve multi-hop dependencies in the graph. Given the multiple-access model under consideration, key properties of the transition probability matrix are exploited to determine the optimal subspace for the approximate value function with low complexity. The numerical results for a multiple-access channel show that the proposed algorithm can find the optimal basis vectors with high accuracy, and furthermore, the approach is robust to changes in system parameters. It is also shown that the projected equation method outperforms the state aggregation technique in producing higher accuracy with a lower runtime complexity.
Semi-analytical solutions for two-dimensional elastic capsules in Stokes flow

Elastic capsules occur in nature in the form of cells and vesicles and are manufactured for biomedical applications. They are widely modelled, but there are few analytical results. In this paper, complex variable techniques are used to derive semi-analytical solutions for the steady-state response and time-dependent evolution of two-dimensional elastic capsules with an inviscid interior in Stokes flow. This provides a complete picture of the steady response of initially circular capsules in linear strain and shear flows as a function of the capillary number Ca. The analysis is complemented by spectrally accurate numerical computations of the time-dependent evolution. An imposed nonlinear strain that models the far-field velocity in Taylor's four-roller mill is found to lead to cusped steady shapes at a critical capillary number Cac for Hookean capsules. Numerical simulation of the time-dependent evolution for Ca>Cac shows the development of finite-time cusp singularities. The dynamics immediately prior to cusp formation are asymptotically self-similar, and the similarity exponents are predicted analytically and confirmed numerically. This is compelling evidence of finite-time singularity formation in fluid flow with elastic interfaces.
A Stochastic Algorithm for Learning Real-valued Functions via Reinforcement

REINFORCEMENT LEARNING IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH THE PROBABILITY OF THE RESPONSE OF A SYSTEM TO A STIMULUS INCREASES WITH REWARD AND DECREASES WITH PUNISHMENT [19]. MOST OF THE RESEARCH IN REINFORCEMENT LEARNING (WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE WORK IN FUNCTION OPTIMIZATION) HAS BEEN ON PROBLEMS WITH DISCRETE ACTION SPACES, IN WHICH THE LEARNING SYSTEM CHOOSES ONE OF A FIN- ITE NUMBER OF POSSIBLE ACTIONS. HOWEVER, MANY CONTROL PROBLEMS REQUIRE THE APPLICATION OF CONTINUOUS CONTROL SIGNALS. IN THIS PAPER, WE PRESENT A STO- CHASTIC REINFORCEMENT LEARNING ALGORITHM FOR LEARNING FUNCTIONS WITH CON- TINOUS OUTPUTS. OUR ALGORITHM IS DESIGNED TO BE IMPLEMENTED AS A UNIT IN A CONNECTIONIST NETWORK. WE ASSUME THAT THE LEARNING SYSTEM COMPUTES ITS REAL -VALUED OUTPUT AS SOME FUNCTION OF A RANDOM ACTIVATION GENERATED USING THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION. THE ACTIVATION AT ANY TIME DEPENDS ON THE TWO PARAME- TERS, THE MEAN AND THE STANDARD DEVIATION, USED IN THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION, WHICH, IN TURN, DEPEND ON THE CURRENT INPUTS TO THE UNIT. LEARNING TAKES PLACE BY USING OUR ALGORITHM TO ADJUST THESE TWO PARAMETERS SO AS TO IN- CREASE THE PROBABILITY OF PRODUCING THE OPTIMAL REAL VALUE FOR EACH INPUT PATTERN. THE PERFORMANCE OF THE ALGORITHM IS STUDIED BY USING IT TO LEARN TASKS OF VARYING LEVELS OF DIFFICULTY. FURTHER, AS AN EXAMPLE OF A POTEN- TIAL APPLICATION, WE PRESENT A NETWORK INCORPORATING THESE REAL-VALUED UNITS THAT LEARNS THE INVERSE KINEMATIC TRANSFORM OF A SIMULATED 3 DEGREE-