Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Smoke Surfaces: An Interactive Flow Visualization Technique Inspired by Real-World Flow Experiments

Smoke rendering is a standard technique for flow visualization. Most approaches are based on a volumetric, particle based, or image based representation of the smoke. This paper introduces an alternative representation of smoke structures: as semi-transparent streak surfaces. In order to make streak surface integration fast enough for interactive applications, we avoid expensive adaptive retriangulations by coupling the opacity of the triangles to their shapes. This way, the surface shows a smoke-like look even in rather turbulent areas. Furthermore, we show modifications of the approach to mimic smoke nozzles, wool tufts, and time surfaces. The technique is applied to a number of test data sets.
The impacts of the Indonesian Throughflow on the inter‐basin seesaw mechanism, in idealized experiments

The role that the Indonesian Throughflow plays on climate is investigated in an alternative scenario, expected during glacial ages. The equatorwards shift of the Southern Hemisphere westerlies found in glacial ages acts to decrease the Agulhas Leakage (AL) and the thermohaline circulation (THC) in the Atlantic. Recent results suggest that these changes are followed by an increased THC in the Pacific, through an inter‐basin seesaw mechanism. The enhanced circulation in the Pacific demands thermocline water to cross the equator towards northern latitudes, which shifts the water source of the throughflow from the low‐salinity North Pacific to the relative saltier South Pacific. It is shown that in this equilibrium, the salinity anomalies of the throughflow impact the inter‐basin seesaw towards the restoration of the modern climate, enhancing the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation and decreasing the THC in the Pacific. These results are consistent with paleo‐observations and provide new insights to interpreting the climate changes in glacial periods.
Modular scheduling of distributed heterogeneous time-triggered automotive systems

This paper proposes a modular framework that enables a scheduling for time-triggered distributed embedded systems. The framework provides a symbolic representation that is used by an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) solver to determine a schedule that respects all bus and processor constraints as well as end-to-end timing constraints. Unlike other approaches, the proposed technique complies with automotive specific requirements at system-level and is fully extensible. Formulations for common time-triggered automotive operating systems and bus systems are presented. The proposed model supports the automotive bus systems FlexRay 2.1 and 3.0. For the operating systems, formulations for an eCos-based non-preemptive component and a preemptive OSEKtime operating system are introduced. A case study from the automotive domain gives evidence of the applicability of the proposed approach by scheduling multiple distributed control functions concurrently. Finally, a scalability analysis is carried out with synthetic test cases.
Notes on glottal source interaction ripple 1

Interaction ripple is caused by the nonlinear relation between glottal flow and transglottal pressure, the latter containing components of vocal tract oscillatory modes evoked during the past history of the phonatory process. One object has been to test the auditory signlJicance of moderate amounts of ripple, which appear in the inverse filtered waveform in contrast to the more smooth glottal flow model waveforms. The audibilily of the ripple is found to be rather weak, a certain "crispness" is added. Another part of our study has been concerned with the nonlinear transformationJFom glottal area function to glottalflow, with and without constant leakage invoked by a glottal chink. Earlier observations, Lin (1990), Cranen & Schroeter (1993), on a certain high frequency boost associated with the glottal chink, have been verlJied. This feature is superimposed on an increase of the LF-parameter Ta which accentuates the steepness of the fall in the low frequency range. These findings appear to have reference for the understanding of breathy phonation, typical of female voices. Some observation on the effects of the subglottal impedance are included in the study.
of Stem Cell Research

Secreted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicles (BM-MSC-EVs) are reported to contain hundreds of different growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, micro and messenger RNAs packaged within exosomes. This is the first report on the safety and clinical efficacy of an BM-MSC-EV product (ExoFlo ) to treat osteoarthritis (OA). Thirty-three Navy SEAL veterans were treated with ExoFlo for OA of the knee (n=58), shoulder (n=32), elbow (n=16), hip (n=12), ankle (n=8) or wrist (n=6). At six-month follow-up, the average patient improved 77% in BPI, 80% in ODI, 76% in LEFS, 51% in UEFS, and 77% in QD. All improvements were statistically significant with values of p<0.001. Ninety-five percent of the improvement occurred within the first six weeks following injection. There were no complications or adverse events, minor or major, and no patient was observed to have accelerated OA progression resultant from the ExoFlo injection. These patients will continue to be followed for at least 2-years. At six-month follow-up, a single ExoFlo injection for OA appears safe and clinically efficacious for the treatment of patients with at least grade-2 changes utilizing the Kellgren-Lawrence scale.
Raptorx: Exploiting structure information for protein alignment by statistical inference

This work presents RaptorX, a statistical method for template‐based protein modeling that improves alignment accuracy by exploiting structural information in a single or multiple templates. RaptorX consists of three major components: single‐template threading, alignment quality prediction, and multiple‐template threading. This work summarizes the methods used by RaptorX and presents its CASP9 result analysis, aiming to identify major bottlenecks with RaptorX and template‐based modeling and hopefully directions for further study. Our results show that template structural information helps a lot with both single‐template and multiple‐template protein threading especially when closely‐related templates are unavailable, and there is still large room for improvement in both alignment and template selection. The RaptorX web server is available at http://raptorx.uchicago. edu. Proteins 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DEEP LEARNING-BASED SCENE CLASSIFICATION OF VERY HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY FOR POST-EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE ASSESSMENT: A CASE STUDY OF THE 2023 KAHRAMANMARAŞ EARTHQUAKES

: Following the devastating earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş province, Türkiye, on February 6, 2023, which resulted in the loss of over 50,000 lives and damage to more than 84,000 buildings, the pressing need for efficient damage assessment and response became apparent. Traditional on-site assessments are time-consuming and perilous. Most existing research leans towards segmentation and object detection methods for earthquake damage assessment using remotely sensed data, which demand substantial training data, computational resources, and time. A more practical approach can be classifying image patches to identify earthquake-affected areas with damaged buildings. This scene classification method categorizes image patches based on their content. Remote sensing scene classification assigns labels to such images using deep learning various algorithms. In this work, we developed a fully automated system utilizing Maxar’s very high-resolution post-earthquake satellite imagery to classify and map the scenes (image patches) involving collapsed and non-collapsed buildings in Antakya and Iskenderun city centers. Our approach involved two key scene classifiers: Classifier #1, employing deep learning models like ResNet-101, effectively detected building presence within the image scene with remarkable accuracy (99.17%). This classifier served as the foundation for identifying the scenes involving buildings for entire city in order to filter the non-urban land use. Then, Classifier #2, classified building scenes into collapsed and non-collapsed categories. The DenseNet-121 model excelled, achieving an accuracy of 93.33% in this task. In the end, Classifier #2 categorized 2,429 non-collapsed and 449 collapsed scenes in Antakya and 2,291 non-collapsed and 290 collapsed scenes in Iskenderun.
INING B ASED ON V ECTOR Q UANTIZATION

Huge Volumes of detailed personal data is continuously collected and analyzed by different types of applications using data mining, analysing such data is beneficial to the application users. It is an important asset to application users like business organizations, governments for taking effective decisions. But analysing such data opens treats to privacy if not done properly. This work aims to reveal the information by protecting sensitive data. Various methods including Randomization, k-anonymity and data hiding have been suggested for the same. In this work, a novel technique is suggested that makes use of LBG design algorithm to preserve the privacy of data along with compression of data. Quantization will be performed on training data it will produce transformed data set. It provides individual privacy while allowing extraction of useful knowledge from data, Hence privacy is preserved. Distortion measures are used to analyze the accuracy of transformed data.
Human Perception and Performance The Role of Temporal Order of Relevant and Irrelevant Dimensions Within Conflict Tasks

Con ﬂ ict tasks are commonly used to investigate control processes under situations of relevant and irrelevant sources of information. In addition to compatibility effects at a mean behavioral level, delta plot analyses of reaction time distributions reveal that the compatibility effect generally increases with time (i.e., positive delta plot slopes) across most con ﬂ ict-like tasks. Critically, the underlying causes of the increasing delta plot slopes with different types of distractors are still poorly understood. The present study tested whether the relative onset of target-to-distractor processing affects the delta plot slope. Speci ﬁ cally, we manipulated the temporal order of relevant and irrelevant dimensions within an Eriksen ﬂ anker task (Experiment [Exp.] 1), an Arrow-Simon task (Exp. 2), and a manual Stroop task (Exp. 3a/3b). The results of the Eriksen ﬂ anker task and Arrow-Simon task revealed that the delta plots slopes were less increasing (and instead rather decreasing) when the irrelevant dimension appears ﬁ rst (IR condition) compared to the reversed order (RI condition) — consistent with the idea that the underlying mechanism driving the slope of the delta plot is the temporal overlap of activation between the relevant and irrelevant dimensions. In contrast, for the Stroop task, the delta plots in the RI condition were not more increasing than the ones for the IR condition. Overall, these results suggest that the temporal properties strongly in ﬂ uence delta plot shape, but that the temporal dynamics operating in the ﬂ anker task and the Arrow-Simon task differs from the Stroop task, at least under conditions where relevant and irrelevant information is presented sequentially.
Investigation of a 2-step agglomeration process performed in a rotary processor using polyethylene glycol solutions as the primary binder liquid

The purpose of this research was to investigate the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions as the primary binder liquid in a 2-step agglomeration process performed in a rotary processor and characterize the resulting granules and their tableting characteristics. This was done by granulation of binary mixtures of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and either lactose, calcium phosphate, acetaminophen, or theophylline, in a 1∶3 ratio, using a 50% (wt/wt) aqueous solution of PEG and water as the binder liquid. Formulations containing lactose were agglomerated using 5 different amounts of the PEG binder solution, giving rise to a PEG content in the range of 6% to 43% (wt/wt). The process outcome was characterized according to adhesion, yield, and water requirement, and the prepared granules were characterized according to size, size distribution, and flow properties as well as tableting properties. The agglomeration of all mixtures resulted in high yields of free-flowing agglomerates and gave rise to good reproducibility of the investigated agglomerate characteristics. The process allowed for the incorporation of 42.5% (wt/wt) PEG, which is higher than the percentage of PEG reported for other equipment. Tables of sufficient strength could be prepared with all investigated excipients using 20% wt/wt PEG; higher PEG contents gave rise to adhesion and prolonged disintegration. In conclusion, agglomeration in a torque-controlled rotary processor using solutions of PEG as the primary binder liquid was found to be a robust process, suitable for the incorporation of high contents of PEG and/or drug compounds.
Primary Malignant Pericardial Mesothelioma

Primary malignant pericardial mesothelioma is an extremely rare tumour. One of the largest autopsy series including about 500,000 cases gave an incidence of primary pericardial tumours of <0.0022% (Gossinger et al., 1998). However, it accounts for approximately 2-3% of all cardiac and pericardial primary tumours being the third tumour after angiosarcoma and rhabdomiosarcoma (Karadzic et al., 2005; Papi et al., 2005).
Two-variable descriptions of regularity

We prove that the class of all languages that are definable in /spl Sigma//sub 1//sup 1/(FO/sup 2/), that is, in (non-monadic) existential second-order logic with only two first-order variables, coincides with the regular languages. This provides an alternative logical description of regularity to both the traditional one in terms of monadic second-order logic, due to Buchi and Trakhtenbrot, and the more recent ones in terms of prefix fragments of /spl Sigma//sub 1//sup 1/, due to Eiter, Gottlob and Gurevich. Our result extends to more general settings than words. Indeed, definability in /spl Sigma//sub 1//sup 1/(FO/sup 2/) coincides with recognizability by appropriate notions of automata on a large class of objects, including /spl omega/-words, trees, pictures and, more generally, all weakly deterministic, triangle-free transition systems.
Mansoura Engineering Journal Mansoura

A signi ﬁ cant issue that affects contemporary network infrastructures is the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack, which presents serious dangers to organizations, people, and even governments. By ﬂ ooding a target server, network, or website with deceptive traf ﬁ c, this kind of cyberattack seeks to prevent it from providing services to legitimate users. For those in charge of maintaining network security, the prevalence and sophistication of these attacks have both grown signi ﬁ cantly. DDoS attacks have the potential to lead to signi ﬁ cant ﬁ nancial losses and service interruptions. Anomaly-based systems, traf ﬁ c ﬁ ltering, and machine learning (ML) algorithms are used to spot them and lessen the effects of their in ﬂ uence. To successfully defend against DDoS attacks, it ’ is imperative to have a proactive attitude and keep up with new security risks. In this study, the CICDDoS 2019 dataset was used to train and evaluate different ML algorithms, including Stochastic Gradient Boosting, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, and Logistic Regression. The results showed that all the ML algorithms effectively detected DDoS attacks with high accuracy, precision, and recall. However, the support vector machine algorithm outperformed the other techniques, achieving the highest accuracy of 0.99 %.
Colonic polyps: inheritance, susceptibility, risk evaluation, and diagnostic management

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-ranked neoplasm in order of incidence and mortality, worldwide, and the second cause of cancer death in industrialized countries. One of the most important environmental risk factors for CRC is a Western-type diet, which is characterized by a low-fiber and high-fat content. Up to 25% of patients with CRC have a family history for CRC, and a fraction of these patients are affected by hereditary syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis, Gardner or Turcot syndromes, or hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. The onset of CRC is triggered by a well-defined combination of genetic alterations, which form the bases of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence hypothesis and justify the set-up of CRC screening techniques. Several screening and diagnostic tests for CRC are illustrated, including rectosigmoidoscopy, optical colonoscopy (OC), double contrast barium enema (DCBE), and computed tomography colonography (CTC). The strengths and weaknesses of each technique are discussed. Particular attention is paid to CTC, which has evolved from an experimental technique to an accurate and mature diagnostic approach, and gained wide acceptance and clinical validation for CRC screening. This success of CTC is due mainly to its ability to provide cross-sectional analytical images of the entire colon and secondarily detect extracolonic findings, with minimal invasiveness and lower cost than OC, and with greater detail and diagnostic accuracy than DCBE. Moreover, especially with the advent and widespread availability of modern multidetector CT scanners, excellent quality 2D and 3D reconstructions of the large bowel can be obtained routinely with a relatively low radiation dose. Computer-aided detection systems have also been developed to assist radiologists in reading CTC examinations, improving overall diagnostic accuracy and potentially speeding up the clinical workflow of CTC image interpretation.
A Multiconstrained Grid Scheduling Algorithm with Load Balancing and Fault Tolerance

Grid environment consists of millions of dynamic and heterogeneous resources. A grid environment which deals with computing resources is computational grid and is meant for applications that involve larger computations. A scheduling algorithm is said to be efficient if and only if it performs better resource allocation even in case of resource failure. Allocation of resources is a tedious issue since it has to consider several requirements such as system load, processing cost and time, user's deadline, and resource failure. This work attempts to design a resource allocation algorithm which is budget constrained and also targets load balancing, fault tolerance, and user satisfaction by considering the above requirements. The proposed Multiconstrained Load Balancing Fault Tolerant algorithm (MLFT) reduces the schedule makespan, schedule cost, and task failure rate and improves resource utilization. The proposed MLFT algorithm is evaluated using Gridsim toolkit and the results are compared with the recent algorithms which separately concentrate on all these factors. The comparison results ensure that the proposed algorithm works better than its counterparts.
Childhood chest illness and the rate of decline of adult lung function between ages 35 and 45 years.

RATIONALE There is an association between childhood chest illness and impairment of adult ventilatory function. It has not yet been established whether respiratory illness in childhood predisposes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by accelerating the decline in adult lung function. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of childhood chest illness and smoking on the rate of decline of adult ventilatory function from the age of 35 to 45 yr in a large, nationally representative sample of British adults. METHODS Spirometry measurements were compared at 35 and 45 yr of age in 1,158 adults participating in the British 1958 Birth Cohort. Multiple regression analysis was used to measure the association between childhood chest illness and within-person change in spirometric volumes between age 35 and 45 yr, adjusting for potential confounding factors. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The mean reduction in FEV(1) between ages 35 and 45 yr was 35 ml/yr. Compared with subjects without the relevant respiratory history, the rate of decline was not significantly associated with pneumonia (mean difference, -0.2; 95% confidence interval, -6.1 to +5.8 ml/yr), whooping cough (0.7, -5.1 to +6.5 ml/yr), wheeze by age 7 yr (0.4, -5 to +5.9 ml/yr), or wheeze onset by age 8 to 16 yr (-3.4, -10.5 to +3.6 ml/yr). A similar pattern emerged for forced vital capacity. CONCLUSIONS Childhood chest illness does not adversely affect the rate of decline of lung function in mid-adult life.
HCV Genotypes and Cellular Immune Response in Correlation to Liver Fibrosis

The correlation between HCV genotypes and possible serum markers for clinical prediction of disease progression is still controversial. The diagnostic accuracy of serum markers (alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-ααααα ), and hyaluronic acid (HA) in assessment of hepatic fibrosis was evaluated in 130 treatment-naive CHC patients who had undergone liver biopsy. 70 healthy subjects were used as reference control. Patients who had laboratory test results of (AST, ALT AFP, TNF-α , HA) allowing the calculation of HA-to platelet ratio (HAPRI), AFP-to platelet ratio (AFPPRI) and TNF-to platelet ratio (TNFPRI) were included in this study. Serum HCV RNA positive patients were chosen for HCV genotype analysis using line probe assay. The degree of fibrosis scored according to the METAVIR staging system. ROC (receiver operating characteristics) curves of serum markers were used to predict liver fibrosis. In patients with HCV genotype 4 (n =56; 43.1), there was a significant increase (p<0.001) in the levels of serum markers and liver fibrosis, whereas, ninety (69.2 %) patients had significant fibrosis (F2-F4) and fifty four (41.5%) had cirrhosis (F4). Using diagnostic cut-off values of serum markers (HA, AFP, and TNF), significant fibrosis and cirrhosis could be correctly predicted in 74.6%, 73.1%, 75.3% for fibrosis and 83.1%, 61.5%, 43.85% for cirrhosis respectively. The data showed that HA, AFP, and TNF can accurately detect fibrosis in patients with different HCV genotypes and may use as non-invasive biomarkers in predicting severity of liver disease in patients with varying HCV genotype.
'Broken Expectations' from a global business perspective

Especially in the past few years, there has been an increase in the rejection rate of interactive consumer electronics products in the field, not due to broken hardware or software, but due to 'broken expectations' of users. However, operational methods to capture triggering contextual reasons are not functional in the industry. In addressing this gap, we propose systematic analysis of qualitative user feedback data resources from the field by utilizing our Disconfirmed Expectations Ontology (DEO). DEO provides for an efficient means to elicit relevant -but currently unrecognizable- feedback from the field to communicate that to the respective units in a product development process. We further demonstrate the utilization of DEO on a rich qualitative data set regarding the Apple iPhone".
Belowground hydraulic conductance in a mature boreal Scots pine tree

We studied the dynamics of belowground hydraulic conductance (kbg) of a mature Scots pine tree in field conditions using continuous xylem diameter change and sap flow measurements over a full growing season in a boreal environment. Our aim was to analyze how kbg is linked to soil temperature and soil water content. kbg was calculated as the ratio of daily maximum sap flow rate to the difference between stem and soil water potential estimated from daily diameter variations of xylem measured with point dendrometers. kbg increased with increasing soil temperature in spring and autumn when soil temperatures were below +8 ̊C. kbg increased also with increasing soil water content if soil temperature was high enough as was the case in summer. The results suggest that kbg in the studied tree was more limited by soil temperature than water content.