Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contours of Ableism: The Production of Disability and Abledness

Examining what the study of disability tells us about the production, operation and maintenance of ableism, this ambitious study explores the ways 'abled-ness' is understood, providing new directions in research on 'aberrancy' and its focus on a normative ethos. Reconfiguring and challenging the disability studies perspective, this book extends its remit beyond the traditional concern with social inequalities, exploring the territories of embodiment, subjectivity, transhumanism, technologies and jurisprudence. The book uncovers sites of the production of abelism and conversely, sites of resistance to abelist norms and practices to ask key questions such as what happens when 'disability' and 'desire' are placed in close proximity? how does law reinforce negative associations of impairment? how do the media present the promises of new disability technologies and medical interventions? With a Foreword by Dan Goodley this book is a major contribution to our understanding of able and disabled bodies.
Intercultural communication competence

PART ONE: CONCEPTUAL ISSUES Multiple Perspectives of Intercultural Communication Competence - Jolene Koester, Richard L Wiseman and Judith A Sanders Intercultural Communication Competence - Judith N Martin A Review PART TWO: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES Toward a Theory of Effective Interpersonal and Intergroup Communication - William B Gudykunst An Anxiety/Uncertainty Management (AUM) Perspective Communicative Resourcefulness - Stella Ting-Toomey An Identity Negotiation Perspective Identity Management Theory - William R Cupach and T Todd Imahori Communication Competence in Intercultural Episodes and Relationships Culture-Based Interactive Constraints in Explaining Intercultural Strategic Competence - Min-Sun Kim PART THREE: RESEARCH PERSPECTIVES Methodological Issues in the Study of Intercultural Communication Competence - Myron W Lustig and Brian H Spitzberg Competence as Cultural Pragmatics - Donal Carbaugh Reflections on Some Soviet and American Encounters The Applicability of Interpersonal Communication Competence to the Intercultural Communication Context - Virginia H Milhouse Implications of Self-Disclosure on Conversational Logics, Perceived Communication Competence, and Social Attraction - Masayuki Nakanishi and Kenneth M Johnson A Comparison of Japanese and American Cultures
Fabrication of surface plasmon resonators by nanoskiving single-crystalline gold microplates

This paper demonstrates the sectioning of chemically synthesized, single-crystalline microplates of gold with an ultramicrotome to produce single-crystalline nanowires. This method produces collinearly aligned nanostructures with small, regular changes in dimension with each consecutive cross-section. The diamond knife cuts cleanly through microplates 100 nm thick without bending the resulting nanowire, and cuts through the sharp edges of a crystal to generate nanoscale tips. This paper demonstrates that the smooth surface of the single-crystalline gold nanowires allows them to guide plasmons with lower loss than rough, polycrystalline nanowires, and that the sharp tips on the singlecrystalline nanowires serve as optical antenna that selectively couple light into the nanowire at the resonance frequency of the sharp tip.
Critical Role of Peripheral Vasoconstriction in Fatal Brain Hyperthermia Induced by MDMA (Ecstasy) under Conditions That Mimic Human Drug Use

MDMA (Ecstasy) is an illicit drug used by young adults at hot, crowed “rave” parties, yet the data on potential health hazards of its abuse remain controversial. Here, we examined the effect of MDMA on temperature homeostasis in male rats under standard laboratory conditions and under conditions that simulate drug use in humans. We chronically implanted thermocouple microsensors in the nucleus accumbens (a brain reward area), temporal muscle, and facial skin to measure temperature continuously from freely moving rats. While focusing on brain hyperthermia, temperature monitoring from the two peripheral locations allowed us to evaluate the physiological mechanisms (i.e., intracerebral heat production and heat loss via skin surfaces) that underlie MDMA-induced brain temperature responses. Our data confirm previous reports on high individual variability and relatively weak brain hyperthermic effects of MDMA under standard control conditions (quiet rest, 22−23°C), but demonstrate dramatic enhancements of drug-induced brain hyperthermia during social interaction (exposure to male conspecific) and in warm environments (29°C). Importantly, we identified peripheral vasoconstriction as a critical mechanism underlying the activity- and state-dependent potentiation of MDMA-induced brain hyperthermia. Through this mechanism, which prevents proper heat dissipation to the external environment, MDMA at a moderate nontoxic dose (9 mg/kg or ∼1/5 of LD50 in rats) can cause fatal hyperthermia under environmental conditions commonly encountered by humans. Our results demonstrate that doses of MDMA that are nontoxic under cool, quiet conditions can become highly dangerous under conditions that mimic recreational use of MDMA at rave parties or other hot, crowded venues.
Le pôle de compétitivité Arve Industries : les effets sur la dynamique partenariale des PME locales

La mise en oeuvre des poles de competitivite, des 2006, fait partie d’une politique gouvernementale de soutien aux entreprises et aux territoires visant a mieux positionner la France dans la competition economique internationale. L’objectif est de renforcer le tissu industriel de certaines regions par une forte injection d’investissements publics dans des projets lies a l’innovation et a l’internationalisation des entreprises. Cette these traite des effets de l’installation du pole de competitivite ‘Arve Industries’ et, en particulier, du degre d’implication des PME locales dans cette demarche collective d’innovation. Du point de vue theorique, nous avons fait appel, d’une part, aux approches sur l’economie territoriale car la notion de territoire fait partie integrante de la logique des poles de competitivite et, d’autre part aux etudes portant sur les reseaux strategiques. Dans ces deux perspectives, la proximite est presentee comme un facteur important a la base des rapports de cooperation entre les acteurs concernes (entreprises, laboratoires et universites) dans le domaine technologique. Du point de vue empirique, ce travail combine une demarche qualitative exploratoire, basee sur une enquete menee a partir d’entretiens semi-directifs avec 22 patrons de PME et 6 organisations d’appui a l’industrie locale, et une demarche quantitative conduite aupres de 68 questionnaires exploitables. La nature des relations des PME au sein de pole de competitivite sont ainsi etudies du point de vue de la cooperation, la competition et la diffusion de connaissances.
Modulation of Ca2+ currents in rat thalamocortical relay neurons by activity and phosphorylation

Rhythmic low and high frequency activity in thalamocortical networks depend critically on activation of low‐ and high‐voltage‐activated (LVA, HVA) Ca2+ currents. In order to test whether Ca2+ currents are modified during repetitive activation, acutely isolated thalamocortical relay neurons of rats, at postnatal days 12 (P12) to P20, were investigated using patch‐clamp, Ca2+ imaging and Western blot techniques. High‐voltage‐activated, but not LVA Ca2+ currents were reduced significantly during 2 Hz stimulation. Ca2+ imaging experiments demonstrated a close correlation between the increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels and the decrease in HVA Ca2+ current amplitudes. Further examination of HVA Ca2+ currents revealed a ‘U‐shaped’ inactivation curve and a time‐dependent inactivation process that could be described by a two‐exponential function. The ‘U‐shape’ was significantly reduced, current amplitude was increased significantly and time‐dependent inactivation revealed a one‐exponential decline with Ba2+ as the charge carrier, following activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway, and following application of phosphatase inhibitors (ascomycin, calyculin A). Western blot analysis and the effect of ascomycin indicated an involvement of calcineurin in the inactivation process. Isolation of HVA Ca2+ current components by subtype‐specific blockers revealed that changes in time‐dependent inactivation, inactivation curve and current amplitude were carried mainly by L‐type and N‐type Ca2+ currents. Furthermore, Ca2+‐dependent inactivation was operative during stimulation protocols mimicking tonic action potential firing. These data indicate a modulation of L‐ and N‐type Ca2+ channels by phosphorylation, resulting jointly in an increased intracellular Ca2+ influx during activity of the ascending brainstem system, the latter occurring during states of wakefulness.
Representation and Behavior

Representation is a fundamental concept within cognitive science. Most often, representations are interpreted as mental representations, theoretical entities that are the bearers of meaning and the source of intentionality. This approach views representation as the internal reflection of external circumstances -- that is, as the end station of sensory processes that translate the environmental state of affairs into a set of mental representations. Fred Keijzer stresses, however, that representations are also the starting point for a set of processes that lead back to the external environment. They are used as theoretical components within an explanation of a person's outwardly visible behavior. In this book Keijzer investigates the usefulness of representation for behavioral explanation, irrespective of mental issues. Viewing representation solely in terms of its contribution to explaining behavior allows him to build a serious case for a nonrepresentational approach and to evaluate representation's role in cognitive science. Keijzer provides a reconstruction of cognitive science's implicit representational explanation of behavior, which he calls Agent Theory (AT). AT is the use of mind as a subpersonal mechanism of behavior. He proposes an alternative to AT called Behavioral Systems Theory (BST), which explains behavior as the result of interactions between an organism and its environment. Keijzer compares BST to related work in the biology of cognition, in the building of animal-like robots, and in dynamical systems theory. Most important, he extends BST to the difficult issue of anticipatory behavior through an analogy between behavior and morphogenesis, the process by which a multicellular body develops.
Current perspectives in forensic psychology and criminal justice

Preface Unit 1: Introduction Overview of Forensic Psychology - Anne M. Bartol & Curt R. Bartol Unit 2: Police and Investigative Psychology Introduction and Commentary - Anne M. Bartol & Curt R. Bartol Police Psychology: Then, Now, and Beyond - Curt R. Bartol Psychological Testing and the Selection of Police Officers: A National Survey - Robert E. Cochrane, Robert P. Tett, & Leon Vandecreek Investigative Interviews of Children: A Review of Psychological Research and Implications for Police Practices - Kamala London Psychological Aspects of Crime Scene Profiling: Validity Research - Robert J. Homant & Daniel B. Kennedy Criminal Profiling: Real Science or Just Wishful Thinking? - Damon A. Muller Police Interrogation and False Confessions - Jaime S. Henderson Unit 3: Criminal and Delinquent Behavior Introduction and Commentary - Anne M. Bartol & Curt R. Bartol Resilience and Antisocial Behavior - Curt R. Bartol Drugs and Sexual Assault: A Review - Elena Pope & Michelle Shouldice Is It Stalking? Perceptions of Stalking Among College Undergraduates - Lorraine Phillips, Ryan Quirk, Barry Rosenfeld, & Maureen O'Connor Psychopathy: A Clinical Construct Whose Time Has Come - Robert D. Hare Child Sexual Molestation: Research Issues - Robert A. Prentky, Raymond A. Knight, & Austin F. S. Lee Unit 4: Victimology and Victim Services Introduction and Commentary - Anne M. Bartol & Curt R. Bartol Experiences of Covictims of Homicide: Implications for Research and Practice - Marilyn Peterson Armour Critical Incident Stress and the Child Homicide Investigator - Isaac T. Van Patten & Tod W. Burke Reporting Sexual Victimization to the Police and Others: Results From a National-Level Study of College Women. - Bonnie S. Fisher, Leah E. Daigle, Francis T. Cullen, & Michael G. Turner Patterns of Anti-Gay Violence: An Analysis of Incident Characteristics and Victim Reporting - Kristen Kuehnle & Anne Sullivan Unit 5: Psychology and the Courts Introduction and Commentary - Anne M. Bartol & Curt R. Bartol Forensic Mental Health Experts in the Court-An Ethical Dilemma - George B.Palermo Cross-Cultural Forensic Neuropsychological Assessment - Tedd Judd & Breean Beggs Assessing Allegations of Domestic Violence in Child Custody Evaluations - James N. Bow & Paul Boxer Misuses of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised in Courts - John F. Edens Alternative Methods of Child Testimony: A Review of Law and Research - Jeffrey C. Sandler Unit 6: Correctional Psychology Introduction and Commentary - Anne M. Bartol & Curt R. Bartol A National Survey of Correctional Psychologists - Jennifer L. Boothby & Carl B. Clements Offender Rehabilitation: What We Know and What Needs To Be Done - Paul Gendreau Involuntary Treatment Within a Prison Setting: Impact on Psychological Change During Treatment - Michael L. Prendergast, David Farabee, Jerome Cartier, & Susan Henkin Multisystemic Therapy for Antisocial Juveniles: Suggestions for Improvement - Willem H. J. Martens References Index
Learning from the Heart: Lessons on Living, Loving, and Listening

In the nearly 30 years since the accident that made him a quadriplegic, Dan Gottlieb has developed a quality of awareness that most people never achieve. His accident made him an outsider among us ('like a foreign correspondent,' as he puts it) and from that vantage point, he has acutely observed the way we humans act, think, feel and live - in short, what it means to be human. Here, he files his report. Written with humour and honesty, a gift for storytelling and a great depth of compassion, "Learning from the Heart" addresses issues that divide as well as unite us, such as family life, the challenges facing the disabled and elderly and issues of injustice. In "Letters to Sam", Dan wrote to his grandson. Here, he addresses his readers directly. Fans of his work will recognise the voice and the format: short chapters that are anecdotal, reflective and wise, revealing and deeply personal, but that resonate with universal truths.
Crystal structure of a KSHV–SOX–DNA complex: insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying DNase activity and host shutoff

The early lytic phase of Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus infection is characterized by viral replication and the global degradation (shutoff) of host mRNA. Key to both activities is the virally encoded alkaline exonuclease KSHV SOX. While the DNase activity of KSHV SOX is required for the resolution of viral genomic DNA as a precursor to encapsidation, its exact involvement in host shutoff remains to be determined. We present the first crystal structure of a KSHV SOX–DNA complex that has illuminated the catalytic mechanism underpinning both its endo and exonuclease activities. We further illustrate that KSHV SOX, similar to its Epstein–Barr virus homologue, has an intrinsic RNase activity in vitro that although an element of host shutoff, cannot solely account for the phenomenon.
Hardness of the undirected congestion minimization problem

We show that there is no (log log <i>M</i>)<sup>1-ε</sup> approximation for the undirected congestion minimization problem unless <i>NP</i> ⊆ <i>ZPTIME</i>(<i>n</i><sup><i>polylogn</i></sup>), where <i>M</i> is the size of the graph and ε is any positive constant.
[New concepts in relation to generating and maintaining arousal].

INTRODUCTION First conceived in 1949 by the research conducted by Moruzzi and Magoun, the concept of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) played a vital role in understanding the physiology of sleep and arousal, as well as in explaining the pathophysiological bases of diseases characterised by insomnia, hypersomnia or coma. Sixty years after this discovery, advances in our knowledge of the anatomy, electrophysiology and neurochemistry of the pathways involved in the generation and maintenance of arousal have made it necessary to reassess the original concept of ARAS. Nevertheless, in spite of the fact that the pathologies which, in some way or another, affect the state of arousal are common in the daily practice of different medical disciplines, the new physiological concepts in relation to the activating systems (generators of arousal) are not dealt with by a large number of medical practitioners. DEVELOPMENT This work is a brief update on the activating systems, with special attention given to the concepts that can be applied most readily in order to gain an understanding of the pathophysiology of arousal. CONCLUSIONS The new concepts about the activating systems are as follows: a) the activating systems are not only to be found in the reticular formation of the brain stem, but also include specific regions of the posterior hypothalamus and the anterior basal brain; b) the activating systems are made up of different neuronal groups that act by means of specific neurotransmitters or neuromodulators; and c) the activating systems generate arousal by direct modification of thalamic and cortical activity.
Selling Hope, Selling Risk: Some Lessons for Law from Behavioral Economics About Stockbrokers and their Sophisticated Customers

Disputes involving the sale of risky securities to apparently sophisticated customers arise frequently, and pose vexing legal problems. This article draws from the literature on psychology and economics to develop a rich descriptive account of investment decision-making by both individual and institutional investors, and analyzes the temptations that brokers face to exploit individual cognitive and motivational slack and (in institutional settings) moral hazard problems that may also be subject to denial and rationalization. It then turns to normative questions involving issues such as the treatement of brokers as fiduciaries, the duty to read, and the nature of the brokers' risk disclosure obligations.
Workplace Stress, Organizational Factors and EAP Utilization

This study examined relationships between workplace stress, organizational factors, and use of Employee Assistance Program (EAP) counseling services delivered by network providers in a large, privately insured population. Claims data were linked to measures of workplace stress, focus on wellness/prevention, EAP promotion, and EAP activities for health care plan enrollees from 26 employers. The association of external environment and work organization variables with use of EAP counseling services was examined. Higher levels of EAP promotion and worksite activities were associated with greater likelihood of service use. Greater focus on wellness/prevention and unusual and significant stress were associated with lower likelihood of service use. Results provide stakeholders with insights on approaches to increasing utilization of EAP services.
Technology-Assisted Versus Clamp-Crush Liver Resection

Objective. To review the published evidence on technology-assisted liver resection regarding operative time, intraoperative bleeding, mortality, hospital stay, postoperative bile leak, and other outcomes. Method. A systematic review of clinical studies comparing liver resection using vessel sealing systems (VSSs—LigaSure), Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (CUSA), or radiofrequency dissecting sealer (RFDS) with the conventional clamp-crushing technique (CC) was performed. Data for each modality were synthesized and individually compared with CC with the methodology of meta-analysis. Result. In all, 8 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 7 nonrandomized studies evaluating 1539 patients were included. Compared with CC, the VSS group (3 RCTs and 3 nonrandomized studies) had significantly lower blood loss by a mean of 109 mL (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −109; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −192, −26; data on 494 patients), lower risk for postoperative bile leak by 63% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.37; CI = 0.17, 0.78; 559 patients), and shorter total hospital stay by 2 days (WMD = −2.04; CI = −3.08, −1; 340 patients); no difference was noted for liver parenchyma transection time and mortality. No difference was noted between CUSA (4 RCTs and 1 nonrandomized study) or RFDS (3 RCTs and 3 nonrandomized studies) versus CC for any of the studied outcomes. Conclusion. Of the 3 modalities used in liver resection (VSS, CUSA, and RFDS), only VSS appeared to offer significant benefit over standard CC. However, the generalization of our findings is limited by the scarcity and clinical heterogeneity of the published studies. Large, well-designed and implemented RCTs are warranted to further investigate the usefulness of novel modalities used in liver resection.
System development conflict during the use of an information systems prototyping method of action research: Implications for practice and research

In one particular action research (AR) methodology, information systems prototyping (ISP), the goals are to involve the researcher in a facilitative and collaborative role with stakeholders in the development of an information system that satisfies their collective needs. But what happens when political and structural conflict and coercive action erupts? This article features an AR case, where the development of an electronic patient record in a heart clinic, resulted in a period of intense structural conflict, and the dismissal of an organizational member. Further analysis suggests that four factors can explain these unusual outcomes and their relationship with the use of an ISP method. These include: the specification of measures and perceptions of success within the AR method (goals); general problems with the AR methodology and/or its clear delineation (processes); problems in using a particular AR methodology in a specific time and place (contingency); and problems with the researcher’s implementation of the AR processes (implementation). The study also highlights a number of areas for development of ISP.
Guided Mode Resonance Filter as a Spectrally Selective Feedback Element in a Double-Cladding Optical Fiber Laser

In this work, a spectrally selective optical element is introduced based on a 2-D guided mode resonance filter (GMRF) as an external feedback element. The GMRF was designed to provide a highly efficient narrow linewidth reflection within the gain bandwidth of the fiber laser, while transmitting the pump beam. These features enabled the fiber laser to operate in an external cavity configuration to provide a wavelength-stabilized and narrow linewidth output within the optical -band.
Wage Differentials and Gender Discrimination

The purpose of this article is to follow the development of the Swedish gender earnings gap through the 1980s and 1990s. We follow the changes in the wage gap and in factors to which it can be related year-by-year by analysing crosssectional data from Statistics Sweden (HEK) for the years 1981 and 1983–98. The results show that the unadjusted wage gap varied between 12 and 15 per cent of the average male wage up to 1989, when the differentials began to increase. During the 1990s the size of the gap was around 14–18 per cent. In a decomposition analysis we find that the measured differences in jobs and qualifications between women and men can account only for between two-fifths and three-fifths of the gender wage gap, if they are assumed to be rewarded according to the male wage function. If the female wage function is applied, even less of the differentials are explained. Differences in the educational requirements for jobs have contributed considerably to gender earnings inequality. The impact has decreased over the period studied, however, and is about half as large in the 1990s as it was in the 1980s.