Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making Sense of Microposts (#Microposts2014) Named Entity Extraction & Linking Challenge

Microposts are small fragments of social media content and a popular medium for sharing facts, opinions and emotions. They comprise a wealth of data which is increasing exponentially, and which therefore presents new challenges for the information extraction community, among others. This paper describes the ‘Making Sense of Microposts’ (#Microposts2014) Workshop’s Named Entity Extraction and Linking (NEEL) Challenge, held as part of the 2014 World Wide Web conference (WWW’14). The task of this challenge consists of the automatic extraction and linkage of entities appearing within English Microposts on Twitter. Participants were set the task of engineering a named entity extraction and DBpedia linkage system targeting a predefined taxonomy, to be run on the challenge data set, comprising a manually annotated training and a test corpus of Microposts. 43 research groups expressed intent to participate in the challenge, of which 24 signed the agreement required to be given a copy of the training and test datasets. 8 groups fulfilled all submission requirements, out of which 4 were accepted for the presentation at the workshop and a further 2 as posters. The submissions covered sequential and joint methods for approaching the named entity extraction and entity linking tasks. We describe the evaluation process and discuss the performance of the different approaches to the #Microposts2014 NEEL Challenge.
Distributed Operation of Interlinked AC Microgrids with Dynamic Active and Reactive Power Tuning

Microgrids are small grids formed by clustering modern generating sources, storage systems, and loads together. Being independent, the formed microgrids can, in principle, operate at their own preferred voltages and frequencies. Tying them to the mains grid or another microgrid would therefore require some interlinking power converters, whose control should preferably be autonomous without depending on fast communication links. Contributing to this theme of research, a distributed power management scheme has been proposed in this paper for interlinking two or more independent microgrids operating at different voltages and frequencies. The proposed scheme allows sources in the microgrids to concentrate more on active power harnessing, while the interlinking converters focus more on meeting the load reactive demand. If necessary, backup active power from an underloaded microgrid can also be transferred to an overloaded microgrid, allowing it to supply loads in excess of its rated capacity. The performance of the proposed scheme has already been tested in experiment.
Pragmatic design in randomized controlled trials

At more than 10 years after the paper by Hotopf and colleagues regarding pragmatic trials in psychiatry, the field has evolved and is evolving further. There have been many developments in our understanding of what pragmatism really means, and excellent examples of truly pragmatic trials in psychiatry are currently available. Funders have helped encourage more emphasis on the need for such studies, but ‘local’ and trans-national regulations could help more. Consumers of the evidence should have a greater voice in generating the research agenda and, as this happens, the questions generated are more likely to be answered by a pragmatic approach to trials.
Using a Data Mining Approach: Spam Detection on Facebook

this work, we present a social network spam detection application based on texts. Particularly, we tested on the Facebook spam. We develop an application to test the prototype of Facebook spam detection. The features for checking spams are the number of keywords, the average number of words, the text length, the number of links. The data mining model using the decision tree J48 is created using Weka (1). The methodology can be extended to include other attributes. The prototype application demonstrates the real use of the Facebook application.
Enhanced performance of microstrip-fed wide slot antenna using periodic gaps in dielectric substrate

The effects of a two-dimensional periodic dielectric substrate on the performance of a microstrip-fed wide slot antenna are investigated. The microstrip-feed and wide slot is placed on opposite sides of the periodic dielectric substrate. Method of Moment calculations using volume integral equations is employed to determine the effects of the substrate. It is proposed that by introducing a periodic dielectric substrate, a broadband response can be obtained from inherently narrowband antennas.
Do You Have a Pop Face? Here is a Pop Song. Using Profile Pictures to Mitigate the Cold-start Problem in Music Recommender Systems

Music listening can be regarded as a social activity, in which people can listen together and make friends with one other. Therefore, social relationships may imply multiple facets of the users, such as their listening behaviors and tastes. In this light, it is considered that social relationships hold abundant valuable information that can be utilized for music recommendation. However, utilizing the information for recommendation could be difficult, because such information is usually sparse. To address this issue, we propose to learn the latent social listening representations by the DeepWalk method, and then integrate the learned representations into Factorization Machines to construct better recommendation models. With the DeepWalk method, user social relationships can be transformed from the sparse and independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) form into a dense and noni.i. d. form. In addition, the latent representations can also capture the spatial locality among users and items, therefore benefiting the constructed recommendation models.
Decursin Isolated from Angelica gigas Nakai Rescues PC12 Cells from Amyloid β-Protein-Induced Neurotoxicity through Nrf2-Mediated Upregulation of Heme Oxygenase-1: Potential Roles of MAPK

Decursin (D), purified from Angelica gigas Nakai, has been proven to exert neuroprotective property. Previous study revealed that D reduced Aβ 25‒35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. Our study explored the underlying mechanisms by which D mediates its therapeutic effects in vitro. Pretreatment of cells with D diminished intracellular generation of ROS in response to Aβ 25‒35. Western blot revealed that D significantly increased the expression and activity of HO-1, which was correlated with its protection against Aβ 25‒35-induced injury. Addition of ZnPP, an HO-1 competitive inhibitor, significantly attenuated its protective effect in Aβ 25‒35-treated cells, indicating the vital role of HO-1 resistance to oxidative injury. Moreover, D induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, the upstream of HO-1 expression. While investigating the signaling pathways responsible for HO-1 induction, D activated ERK and dephosphorylated p38 in PC12 cells. Addition of U0126, a selective inhibitor of ERK, blocked D-induced Nrf2 activation and HO-1 induction and meanwhile reversed the protection of D against Aβ 25‒35-induced cell death. These findings suggest D augments cellular antioxidant defense capacity through both intrinsic free radical scavenging activity and activation of MAPK signal pathways that leads to Nrf2 activation, and subsequently HO-1 induction, thereby protecting the PC12 cells from Aβ 25‒35-induced oxidative cytotoxicity.
The Muon Detection System and WZ-+ 3 e ( e , p ) Cross Section Measurement at CMS

The startup of the Large Hadron Collider will allow scientists to probe energy scales that existed picoseconds after the Big Bang. Monte Carlo samples of many Standard Model processes are produced to simulate the conditions in the Compact Muon Solenoid detector. Data analysis techniques are developed to measure the cross section of the WZ 3e(e, 1u) decay channel. The results are al = 723.4 + 27.6(stat.) ± 144.7(syst.) fb for integrated luminosity 1 fb1. Cross section measurements deduced by our data analysis techniques agree with the theoretical predictions, ared. 708 ± 26.6 fb. The selection of WZ --+ 3U events gave 43.5 ± 6.6 signal events with 6.4 ± 2.5 background events, enough to claim an observation at the level of five standard deviations. The understanding of this process will aid in the search for the Higgs boson, as well as in the search for new physics in the early stages of the operation of the detector. Thesis Supervisor: Christoph M.E. Paus Title: Associate Professor
Are you willing to wait longer for internet privacy?

It becomes increasingly common for governments, service providers and specialized data aggregators to systematically collect traces of personal communication on the Internet without the user’s knowledge or approval. An analysis of these personal traces by data mining algorithms can reveal sensitive personal information, such as location data, behavioral patterns, or personal profiles including preferences and dislikes. Recent studies show that this information can be used for various purposes, for example by insurance companies or banks to identify potentially risky customers, by governments to observe their citizens, and also by repressive regimes to monitor political opponents. Online anonymity software, such as Tor, can help users to protect their privacy, but often comes at the prize of low usability, e.g., by causing increased latency during surfing. In this exploratory study, we determine factors that influence the usage of Internet anonymity software. In particular, we show that Internet literacy, Internet privacy awareness and Internet privacy concerns are important antecedents for determining an Internet user’s intention to use anonymity software, and that Internet patience has a positive moderating effect on the intention to use anonymity software, as well as on its perceived usefulness.
A Single Façade ? SHIL – Consistent Service for Multicultural Audience

The Internet had grown to be a global and multilingual phenomenon [1]. A growing number of companies and organizations are offering their services to a global, multicultural audience. However, translating the service to different language is not enough to make the service usable by users of diverse cultures. A very large number of nation states and constituent audiences are multilingual [1]. Usability studies [5] have shown that in order to promote effective usage, local versions of user interfaces should be emphasized and the system usability should be tested with audience from different countries, cultures and language communities. In this paper we present a concept model for localizing consistent Internet services for multicultural and multilingual populations. The concept addresses the needs of SHIL – a government and welfare Internet information delivery system for the Citizens’ Advice Service Bureau in Israel [6]. The system aims to provide information services in four languages (Hebrew, Arabic, Russian and English), to address the needs of the culturally diverse population of Israel. The paper defines the challenges and constraints that lie ahead of an Internet service aimed at multicultural audience. Following is a suggested technological and organizational solution. Finally we argue that the concept can be applied generically to situations in which the same coherent global service should be localized.
Herpes Simplex Virus-Induced Epithelial Damage and Susceptibility to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Human Cervical Organ Culture

Normal human premenopausal cervical tissue has been used to derive primary cell populations and to establish ex vivo organ culture systems to study infections with herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 or HSV-2) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Infection with either HSV-1 or HSV-2 rapidly induced multinuclear giant cell formation and widespread damage in mucosal epithelial cells. Subsequent exposure of the damaged mucosal surfaces to HIV-1 revealed frequent co-localization of HSV and HIV-1 antigens. The short-term organ culture system provides direct experimental support for the epidemiological findings that pre-existing sexually transmitted infections, including primary and recurrent herpes virus infections at mucosal surfaces, represent major risk factors for acquisition of primary HIV-1 infection. Epithelial damage in combination with pre-existing inflammation, as described here for overtly normal human premenopausal cervix, creates a highly susceptible environment for the initiation and establishment of primary HIV-1 infection in the sub-mucosa of the cervical transformation zone.
Perturb and Simplify: Optimizing Combinational Circuits with External Don't Cares

Earlier optimization techniques based on Automatic Test Pattern Generation could not handle external don't cares. We propose a technique that uses external don't cares during the ATPG guided logic optimization. This technique transforms external don't cares into internal don't cares. Thus, the optimization can utilize the external don't cares to obtain better results. Additionally, we also discuss some perturbation techniques to improve further results of logic optimizers. Based on a careful analysis of don't cares migration during incremental changes of an optimized circuit, we have developed a strategy to guide optimization. We have per formed experiments on MCNC and ISCAS benchmarks and the results are very encouraging.
Models for dependability and sustainability analysis of data center cooling architectures

The advent of cloud computing, social networks and e-commerce have demanded more computational resources from data centers. Prominent issues are sustainability, cost and dependability, which are significantly impacted by the redundant infrastructures needed to support those services. In this context, models are important to support data center designers to estimate previous issues before implementing the final architecture. This paper proposes a set of models for the integrated quantification of sustainability impact, cost and dependability of data center cooling infrastructures with the support of an environment, namely, ASTRO. Besides, a model is proposed for verifying if the energy flow does not exceed the maximum energy capacity that each component can provide (considering power devices) or the maximum cooling capacity (assuming cooling equipment). Additionally, this work presents a case study which analyzes the environmental impact, dependability metrics as well as the acquisition and operational costs of five real-world data center cooling architectures.
A Protocol for Identification and Minimization of Traffic Congestion in Vehicular Networks

Traffic congestion is handled by government agencies as an urban mobility problem, which generates stress to drivers and economic loss. Intelligent transport systems can assist in the identification and reduction of vehicular traffic congestion. In this context, this paper proposes CARTIM, a protocol for collaborative identification and minimization of vehicular congestion. The protocol uses V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) communication to cooperatively measure the local level of vehicular traffic congestion. Additionally, if any infrastructure is present, consolidated information dissemination may occur to vehicles in other regions through V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) communication. To effectively identify a traffic congestion locally, CARTIM employs a fuzzy logic-based system, which is used in the treatment of qualitative information (vehicle density etc). The protocol also efficiently uses the collaborative communication channel, preventing overload. The simulation results showed that CARTIM can detect congestion (better than related work) and minimize it.
THE FINEST LEVEL ACCELERATION OF MULTILEVEL AGGREGATION FOR MARKOV CHAINS

In this paper, we consider a class of new accelerated multilevel aggregation methods using two polynomial-type vector extrapolation methods, namely the reduced rank extrapolation (RRE) and the generalization of quadratic extrapolation (GQE) methods. We show how to combine the multilevel aggregation methods with the RRE and GQE algorithms on the ﬁnest level in order to speed up the numerical computation of the stationary probability vector for an irreducible Markov chain. Numerical experiments on typical Markov chain problems are reported to illustrate the eﬃciency of the accelerated multilevel aggregation methods.
Temporal dynamics and developmental memory of 3D chromatin architecture at Hox gene loci

Hox genes are essential regulators of embryonic development. Their step-wise transcriptional activation follows their genomic topology and the various states of activation are subsequently memorized into domains of progressively overlapping gene products. We have analyzed the 3D chromatin organization of Hox clusters during their early activation in vivo, using high-resolution circular chromosome conformation capture. Initially, Hox clusters are organized as single chromatin compartments containing all genes and bivalent chromatin marks. Transcriptional activation is associated with a dynamic bi-modal 3D organization, whereby the genes switch autonomously from an inactive to an active compartment. These local 3D dynamics occur within a framework of constitutive interactions within the surrounding Topological Associated Domains, indicating that this regulation process is mostly cluster intrinsic. The step-wise progression in time is fixed at various body levels and thus can account for the chromatin architectures previously described at a later stage for different anterior to posterior levels. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.02557. 001
Impact of Rural Domestic Wastewater Irrigation on the Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties of Pakchoi and Soil

Great attention has been paid to the potential of wastewater irrigation as a sustainable water source, particularly due to water scarcity and water pollution issues. However, few studies have focused on its adverse effects and on the health risks it may pose. In this study, the physicochemical properties of soils and plants irrigated with rural domestic wastewater and associated microbiological risks were investigated. The results showed that sewage irrigation could increase the production of vegetables and improve soil fertility. While the nitrate content of plants increased significantly, pathogens on plants and in soils increased after irrigation with raw wastewater. In particular, there was a wide range of pathogenic bacteria in the phyllosphere, which may indicate risks if contaminated vegetables are consumed directly. Treated wastewater irrigation was not significantly different from controls, which were irrigated by tap water; consequently, it can be used as an alternative water resource for agricultural irrigation. The presence of a wide spectrum pathogens in wastewater shows the necessity of long-term monitoring and further evaluation.
SBC 2008-192005 CRITICAL LOADING DURING SERVE : MODELING STRESS-INDUCED BONE GROWTH IN PERFORMANCE TENNIS PLAYERS ( 1 )

INTRODUCTION: On September 27, 2004 Andy Roddick hit the current world record 155 mph serve in his Davis Cup match against Belarus, which set him up with three match points against Vladimir Voltchkov. By that time, at 22 years of age, Roddick had broken his own speed record for the third time. In tennis, like in almost all other high performance sports, professional athletes tend to reach their peak performance at a much younger age than they used to several decades ago. Accordingly, athletes have to start full-time practice in their early childhood that strongly overlaps with the period of skeletal and muscular development. It is the responsibility of their coaches and physicians to design efficient training programs targeted at maximal performance and minimal risk of injury. Biomechanics can play a crucial role in supporting the design of these training strategies. By predicting the functional adaptation of bones and muscles, biomechanics simulation can help to explain and eventually prevent common forms of injuries caused by chronic overuse. It is well known that exercise-induced loads cause bone hypertrophy in the dominant arm of tennis players; this phenomenon has been documented by numerous studies of players who began play at pre-pubescent ages [1]. However, the details that describe the processes of growth and remodeling that accompany this observation are unknown [2]. Motivated by athlete college tennis players who reported chronic pain in their dominant shoulder, we aim to predict humeral growth in the stroke arm in response to high performance sport specific mechanical loads. We hypothesize that the critical load scenario that initiates bone growth and remodeling is related to maximum external shoulder rotation associated with maximum pre-stretch of the internal rotators. We model bone hypertrophy using a finite element growth model, and that simulation gives further insight into the interplay between load and biological response.
Impact of Crosstalk Channel Estimation on the DSM Performance for DSL Networks

The development and assessment of spectrum management methods for the copper access network are usually conducted under the assumption of accurate channel information. Acquiring such information implies, in practice, estimation of the crosstalk coupling functions between the twisted-pair lines in the access network. This type of estimation is not supported or required by current digital subscriber line (DSL) standards. In this work, we investigate the impact of the inaccuracies in crosstalk estimation on the performance of dynamic spectrum management (DSM) algorithms. A recently proposed crosstalk channel estimator is considered and a statistical sensitivity analysis is conducted to investigate the effects of the crosstalk estimation error on the bitloading and on the achievable data rate for a transmission line. The DSM performance is then evaluated based on the achievable data rates obtained through experiments with DSL setups and computer simulations. Since these experiments assume network scenarios consisting of real twisted-pair cables, both crosstalk channel estimates and measurements (for a reference comparison) are considered. The results indicate that the error introduced by the adopted estimation procedure does not compromise the performance of the DSM techniques, that is, the considered crosstalk channel estimator provides enough means for a practical implementation of DSM.
Route robustness of a multi-meshed tree routing scheme for Internet MANETs

We propose a layer 2 routing and forwarding scheme called multi-meshed tree (MMT) routing for MANETs connected to Internet. The specifications of this scheme were drawn from unique features of Internet MANETs. Evaluation of the robustness of routes in this scheme is provided along with the route failure notification delays, which is an important performance parameter of this scheme. Where available we have substantiated our results with simulation data. The results clearly show the significance of the redundant routes offered by MMT
Fuzzy inference approach for autonomous ground vehicle navigation in dynamic environment

In recent years intelligent soft computing technique such as fuzzy inference system (FIS) is proven to be an efficient and suitable when applied to variety of systems. In this paper, we intend to formulate two fuzzy inference systems; sensors based navigation technique for an autonomous vehicle in cluttered dynamic environment. The first FIS controller utilises three sensors based information such as front distance (FD), right distance (RD), left distance (LD) and the second FIS controller employs the angle difference (AD) between the autonomous vehicle's heading and the target angle for choosing the optimal direction while moving towards the target. The simulation experiments have been carried out under three different scenarios to investigate the validation of the proposed FIS controllers. We have presented the simulation experiments using MATLAB software package, showing that the FIS controllers consistently perform navigation task and path planning safely and efficiently in a terrain populated with moving obstacles.