Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREVALENCE OF SCAPULAR DYSKINESIS IN WORKING DENTISTS: AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY

: Purpose : Assessing and evaluating the prevalence of Scapular dyskinesis among working dentists is the primary priority of the current study. Methods: Both analytical and quantitative cross-sectional investigation was done in a spectrum of 108 dentists of both sexes with ages between 30 and 50 with normal BMI, no history of fractures, surgery, or shoulder impingement, who did not play music or engage in physical exercises like tennis, basketball, or volleyball. The cases were recruited and randomly assigned to four equal groups. The Salutogenic health indicator scale (SHIS), a modified version of the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire, was used to assess the risk factors for scapular dyskinesis. A modified digital inclinometer for measuring the posterior tilting of the scapula during humeral elevation at rest at angles of 45°, 90°, and 120°. Results: Between the four groups, a statistically significant decline in SHIS scores was apparent, and their dominant side was more likely to exhibit scapular dyskinesis. Conclusion: Dentists frequently experience scapular dyskinesis, which can result from overuse, weakness, poor posture, or any combination of these factors. Hence, guiding dentists about proper posture while working and encouraging them to regularly undertake scapular muscle stretching and strengthening exercises would aid in minimizing early muscular fatigue, pain, and scapular dysfunction.
Alluvial responses to the changing Earth system

Alluvial systems are complex, self‐organizing and hierarchical in structure. They represent stored and transitory sediment bodies transported by rivers that have eroded their catchments and created multiscalar landforms and sedimentary architectures over a range of time‐scales. The central question we address in this paper is how environmental signals are autogenically processed and recorded by the fluvial sediment system. We compare databases of alluvial units that are well constrained in terms of dating control with direct or proxy records of environmental change. River system responses to environmental change are evaluated over three nested time periods spanning the past 200 000 years. First, focusing on Mediterranean European and African catchments, river responses to relatively abrupt and short‐term Late Pleistocene Dansgaard–Oeschger and Heinrich climate events are examined. Second, the effects of rapid and globally significant episodes of Holocene climate change on European rivers, together with anthropogenic land‐use impacts, are assessed. Last, ‘Little Ice Age’ flooding and alluvial responses to modern climate warming are reviewed with particular reference to upland Britain. These studies are shown to have significant implications for modelling local, regional and global‐scale alluvial responses to future environmental change. They highlight the necessity for numerical simulation models to be fully informed by field‐based knowledge and understanding of the memory effects of whole fluvial sediment systems, particularly those that have experienced repeated phases of environmental change. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biodiversity and arthropod abundance in the upland of Leyte, Philippines

In many regions of tropical SE Asia, cultivated and degraded land outnumbers by far natural ecosystems. To further preserve and restore natural biodiversity, landscapes dominated by man need to be included in research activities with view of the development of an overall landscape management strategy. The objectives of this study, dealing with the effects of habitat destruction on the arthropod community of a Philippine upland, were to compare the arthropod communities of different habitats between the natural and agricultural ecosystems with increasing distance to the forest, in relation to the vegetation. Insect sampling was carried out using Malaise traps, whereby four habitats were considered: (1) forest interior, (2) forest margin, (3) vegetable fields and (4) chayote (the only perennial vegetable of the area) fields. Arthropod diversity, composition of the arthropod community and trophic guild composition at habitats were defined and discussed. It was found that plant diversity, vegetation structure and taxonomic composition as well as differences in the turnover of the vegetation at habitats (productivity of vegetation) influence arthropod groups or species in the study area.
Combining ability of anther culture response in some rice crosses under drought stress conditions

Anther culture response of ten rice parental genotypes and their 24 F 1 crosses was studied to estimate combining ability effects for callus induction and plant regeneration under drought stress conditions. The analysis of variance showed that drought stress levels mean squares were found to be highly significant for all in vitro studied traits. The percentage of anthers that developed calli ranged from 12.92% for the IRRI 148 to 45.00% for the cross L 1 × T 3 among the genotypes across the four different stress levels of PEG. The control (PEG-free medium) gave the highest mean value of callus induction (41.33%). On the other hand, the medium containing 30 g/l of PEG gave the lowest one (14.28%) across all genotypes. Results showed that the three crosses (L 1 × T 2 , L 1 × T 3 and L 3 × T 1 ) gave the highest mean values of plant regeneration (9.50%, 8.00 and 7.92% respectively). The percentage of plant regeneration from the control medium was 7.12%, while the medium containing 30 g/l of PEG gave the lowest one across all genotypes (3.76%). The ratio of GCA/SCA was found less than unity for all in vitro studied traits under the four stress levels, revealing the predominant role of dominance gene action in the inheritance of these traits. Results showed that the IRGC (T 3 ) followed by Giza 177 (L 1 ) were the best combiners for callus induction under varying concentrations of PEG due to their highly significant positive GCA values. For plant regeneration, one parental genotype Giza 177 (L 1 ) was the best combiner for plant regeneration under varying concentrations of PEG due to their highly significant positive GCA values. The two crosses; L 3 × T 1 and L 1 × T 2 recorded the highest SCA effects for plant regeneration and green plant regeneration under the four stress levels.
A new constraint on global air‐sea CO2 fluxes using bottle carbon data

We develop a new observationally derived monthly ocean surface climatology for the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) that allows an independent data‐based constraint on contemporary air‐sea CO2 fluxes. Our approach uses a neural network, trained on ~17,800 bottle‐derived measurements of pCO2, to diagnose monthly pCO2 levels from standard ocean hydrographic data. Although the pattern of contemporary air‐sea CO2 fluxes is generally consistent with the independent underway pCO2 data network, we find a strong shift in the magnitude of oceanic sources and sinks of CO2. In particular, we find a contemporary Southern Hemisphere oceanic CO2 uptake of 0.93 PgC/year, driven by a prominent CO2 sink in the subpolar region (25°S–60°S), that is five times the magnitude of the Northern Hemisphere oceanic sink (0.18 PgC/year). Globally, our results suggest a net open‐ocean CO2 sink of 1.55 ± 0.32 PgC/year for the nominal year of 2000.
RADAR GLACIER ZONES AND THEIR BOUNDARIES AS INDICATORS OF GLACIER MASS BALANCE AND CLIMATIC VARIABILITY

The measurement of glaciers mass balance and the derivation of meteorologica l parameters by means of remote sensing techniques are of particular scientific interest for glaciological and climatological studies. Using synergistic approaches, SAR-data complement field studies in remote and inaccessible areas and provide information with a high temporal and spatial resolution. However, the operational application of the existing SAR-archives for monitoring purposes require a more detailed understanding of the spatial and temporal evolution of the observable radar glacier zones. Backscatter modelling based on snow pit data gathered on the Antarctic Peninsula is used to investigate typical radar returns from the upper and lower boundary lines of the frozen percolation zone. The lower one is a clearly identifiable limit between bare ice and highly metamorphosed, coarsegrained snow. As it is impossible to identify the year of origin of this snowpack, the term firn line is suggested. Only occasionally the late-summer firn line position coincides with the equilibrium line. In the absence of field measurements, firn line altitude can be regarded as a first approximation to the ELA, although it might lead to an overestimation of glaciers mass balance. The upper boundary, the dry snow line, is described as a temporarily and spatially very persistent feature in SARimagery. Its position is very stable in the time range of years to decades. Positional shifts of this line provide information about the occurrence of singular high temperature events leading to enhanced metamorphism of the snow and accumulation conditions in the highest areas of the glaciers. Additionally, model results confirm the assumption that a threshold of –8 dB is appropriate to delimit the upper boundary line of the frozen percolation radar zone. This facilitates direct monitoring of the dry snow line.
LAND USE INDICES FROM SMMS DATA IN WESTERN THAILAND

This applied research was conducted by employing both quantitative and qualitative innovative research methods. This research investigates the satellite data of four spectral bands sent from the Small MultiMission Satellite (SMMS). Each band was analyzed to create color composition indices of the western areas of Thailand. Band 1 had a wavelength between 0.43 and 0.52 micrometers, Band 2 between 0.52 and 0.60 micrometers, Band 3 between 0.63 and 0.69 micrometers, and Band 4 between 0.76 and 0.90 micrometers. Three layers of satellite data were overlaid in non-repeating arrangements. Bands showing grayscale were substituted by three additive primary colors of blue, green, and red. The arrangements were permutated into 24 indices: 123, 124, 132, 134, 142, 143, 213, 214, 231, 234, 241, 243, 312, 314, 321, 324, 341, 342, 412, 413, 421, 423, 431, and 432. The data of color composition indices were then analyzed to create the land-use indices. The visual interpretation of the three levels of land-use classification were used in this procedure. The result was a land-use classification with 15 indices: City, Commercial, and Services; Airport; Golf Course; Paddy Field; Field Crop; Perennial; Aquacultural Land; Shrimp Farm; Evergreen Forest; Deciduous Forest; Mangrove Forest; Marine; River; Canal; Reservoir; and Road. UDC Classification: 910.1 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.12955/cbup.v4. 804
Interhorizon Transport of Elements in Ultisols Developed in a Loess Mantle Mixed With Rhyolite Residuum in the St. Francois Mountains of Missouri

Four soils of the Ultisol order in the St. Francois Mountains of Missouri, which were developed in loess and rhyolite residuum, were characterized to: (i) describe the dominant soil series and landscape characteristics having mass-wasting features, (ii) identify the types of parent materials, and (iii) evaluate the soil profile descriptions and associated geochemical data to estimate the influence of eluviation-illuviation processes on soil profile expression. In particular, we wished to document the interhorizon transport of an array of elements associated with eluviation-illuviation processes and its importance to understanding soil genesis. The presence of argillic horizons and nutrient accumulations in the near-surface horizons infers stable landscapes. Aqua regia digestion Fe concentrations of the four pooled pedons show a positive and linear relationship with clay content, suggesting that the parent materials and their weathering histories are similar across the sampled pedons. Iron, Al, Cu, Zn, K, Ni, Cr, Ga, Sr, Sc, As, Li, Rb, V, P, S, Sn, Cs, Th, and U are preferentially partitioned in the clay fraction. For the pooled pedons, elemental ratios of V, Sc, Ni, As, Cr, Cu, Cs, Li, Rb, Th and U with respect to Fe are presented as evidence that the parent materials are similar and that loess weathering greatly contributes to the fine earth fraction.
An intelligent PID controller tuning for speed control of BLDC motor using driving training-based optimization

Tuning of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller remains a matter of great concern for the control engineers as it plays a major role to obtain optimal performance of any system Due to their simplicity and excellent efficiency, metaheuristic algorithms have recently become extremely popular among researchers for handling a wide range of real-world optimization challenges. In order to optimize a PID controller for managing the speed of a BLDC motor, this work proposes a novel application of the driving training-based optimization (DTBO) algorithm, one of the latest and most recent human-based metaheuristic algorithms. The purpose of this present study is to optimize a PID controller for a BLDC motor speed control by DTBO method and evaluate its performance with a similar controller tuned by grey wolf optimization (GWO) method. Additionally, the suggested DTBO-PID controller's robustness analysis is being carried out with BLDC motor parameter modifications as well as a comparison to the GWO-PID controller. The comparison is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink, and the results are based on common step response metrics such rise time, settling time, and maximum overshoot. For easier comprehension, the results are presented in tabular and graphical form. The chosen BLDC motor drive system's selected DTBO-PID controller performs better and is more reliable than the GWO-PID controller, according to the final simulation findings.
QuickDeconvolution: fast and scalable deconvolution of linked-read sequencing data

Abstract Motivation Recently introduced, linked-read technologies, such as the 10× chromium system, use microfluidics to tag multiple short reads from the same long fragment (50–200 kb) with a small sequence, called a barcode. They are inexpensive and easy to prepare, combining the accuracy of short-read sequencing with the long-range information of barcodes. The same barcode can be used for several different fragments, which complicates the analyses. Results We present QuickDeconvolution (QD), a new software for deconvolving a set of reads sharing a barcode, i.e. separating the reads from the different fragments. QD only takes sequencing data as input, without the need for a reference genome. We show that QD outperforms existing software in terms of accuracy, speed and scalability, making it capable of deconvolving previously inaccessible data sets. In particular, we demonstrate here the first example in the literature of a successfully deconvoluted animal sequencing dataset, a 33-Gb Drosophila melanogaster dataset. We show that the taxonomic assignment of linked reads can be improved by deconvoluting reads with QD before taxonomic classification. Availability and implementation Code and instructions are available on https://github.com/RolandFaure/QuickDeconvolution. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Exchange Rate Movements and Economic Activity: The Role of Trade and Financial Channels

The paper analyzes the impact of exchange rate movements on economic activity for a panel of countries from 2002 to 2021. By introducing a novel approach of considering the asset side of banks balance sheets in addition to their liabilities, the paper analyzes the importance of considering banks net financial position to determine the significance of the financial channel through which exchange rate fluctuations impact output. The results confirm the importance of both - trade and financial channels - in driving the impact of exchange rate movements in the economic activity, yet the direction and magnitude of the financial channel is contingent upon banks net financial position, corroborating the noteworthiness of analyzing both sides of banks balance sheets.
The Ventilated Thermocline

Abstract A simple theoretical model for the oceanic thermocline and the associated field of current is presented. The model consists of a finite but arbitarily large number of inviscid, homogeneous fluid layers each with a different density. The dynamical balances everywhere are Sverdrupian. IN regions where the Ekman pumping is negative (downward) the surface density is specified, i.e., the position of the outcrop of density interfaces is specified. This outcropping of density layers allows deep motion to be excited by the ventilation provided by Ekman pumping even in latitudes far south of the outcrop where the layer is shielded from direct influence of the wind. Analytical solutions are presented in the case where the density-outcrop lines are coincident with latitude circles. The solutions are not self-similar and important sub-domains of the solution are defined by critical potential vorticity trajectories which separate the ventilated from the unventilated regions in the lower thermocline. These cri.
Early Permian (Asselian) brachiopods from Karakorum (Pakistan) and their palaeobiogeographical significance

Abstract: Early Permian (Asselian) brachiopods collected from the Gircha Formation of western Karakorum (Pakistan) are described. They include Bandoproductus girchensis sp. nov., Kiangsiella sp. indet. , Trigonotreta lyonsensis Archbold and Thomas, Trigonotreta larghii sp. nov., Spirelytha petaliformis (Pavlova), Punctospirifer afghanus Termier, Termier, de Lapparent and Marin, and ? Dielasma sp. indet. and belong to the Trigonotreta lyonsensis–Punctospirifer afghanus Assemblage Biozone, the oldest so far recovered from the Permian succession of Karakorum. The faunal succession of Karakorum records a significant biotic change from the Asselian to the Sakmarian, a shift in diversity and composition that is also recorded along most of the Gondwanan margin and Peri‐Gondwanan regions and that should be related to a major climatic change: the end of the Gondwanan glaciation. A palaeobiogeographical analysis has been performed by means of multivariate methods applying cluster and ordination analyses based on the Jaccard Coefficient and Simpson Index to a matrix consisting of the presence/absence of 23 brachiopod genera from seven geographical operational units from central Afghanistan to eastern Australia. The results suggest the occurrence of a single biotic province during the Asselian, the Indoralian Province, embracing all the faunal stations examined, as a consequence of the global cold phase related to the last pulse of the Gondwanan glaciation.
The effect of conceptions of learning and prior online course experiences on students’ choice of learning spaces for synchronous online learning during COVID-19

During COVID-19, universities are reconfiguring learning environments and increasing flexibility in course offerings. Teachers have found synchronous hybrid teaching challenging with many students preferring online to in-person classroom attendance. Understanding students’ decision-making as to where, when and how they choose to learn will be critical in informing the design of learning spaces and courses. This survey-based study of 369 undergraduates across disciplines explored the relationships between students’ backgrounds and psychological factors (self-efficacy for online learning, conceptions of learning, perceptions of previous online course experiences) and student choices of learning spaces for synchronous online learning. While pre-pandemic studies in Western contexts identified non-traditional student characteristics as major factors associated with students’ choices of learning spaces (i.e., learning online at home), this Hong Kong study found significant associations between undergraduates’ choices, their origin and the disciplines. Logistic regression indicated those who preferred stimulating education and cooperative learning or perceived their previous online course experiences as having clearer goals had greater odds of attending classes synchronously online on campus from locations different from the scheduled teaching spaces. Qualitative analysis suggests personality, self-regulation and the university’s social and organisational structures as factors to consider in future studies of student choices of learning spaces. Implications for practice or policy: Higher education providers may need to diversify course designs to cater to undergraduates’ different hybrid learning preferences and expectations in the post-pandemic return to campus. The first step for online course teachers is to help their students to build a higher level of self-efficacy for online learning. Course teachers can motivate students to take courses online by clarifying their course goals and standards.
Surface ultraviolet radiation and ozone content in Europe as indicators of environment quality

The main findings obtained from the research that was carried out in the framework of the European research project INTAS-94-1453 are presented. The objectives of this study were the following: (a) the derivation of a cyclic model of long-term and superlong-term forecasting of total ozone content (TOC), (b) the numerical modelling of ozone variability in the troposphere and stratosphere in response to anthropogenic emissions, (c) the assessment of the possibility of solving the problem of calculating ultraviolet (UV) ground levels with model calculations using the UV radiances measured by satellites at the top of the atmosphere, (d) the remote sensing assessment of phytoplankton primary productivity and its dynamics due to atmospheric ozone variations, (e) the long-term observations of total ozone at St Petersburg (Voeikovo) and (f) the understanding of possible changes in the fine structure of the spectral composition of incoming solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface resulting from anthropogenic loadings and the study of the biosphere response to such possible changes. Detailed discussion of the results obtained is presented, showing that the ozone-related problems have not yet been adequately solved.
An Adaptive Gain of Proportional-Resonant Controller for an Active Power Filter

Load changing behavior effects the performance of a compensating current control for an active power filter. Thus, in this article, adaptive proportional-resonant controller is proposed. A fuzzy logic algorithm is applied as the adaptive gain mechanism for the proportional-resonant controller. The new design technique for the proposed controller is fully presented in this article. The criterion for designing the adaptive proportional-resonant controller follows the root locus technique and the modulation index analysis of the switching technique. The overall control strategy is implemented using an eZdsp F28335 board. For testing in the laboratory, balanced, and unbalanced nonlinear loads are considered. Experimental results confirm that the adaptive proportional-resonant controller designed by the new approach can provide good performance compared with the proportional-integral and proportional-resonant controllers. Moreover, the proposed controller can still mitigate the harmonics even if the nonlinear loads are suddenly changed.