Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nanostructure arrays in free-space: optical properties and applications

Dielectric and metallic gratings have been studied for more than a century. Nevertheless, novel optical phenomena and fabrication techniques have emerged recently and have opened new perspectives for applications in the visible and infrared domains. Here, we review the design rules and the resonant mechanisms that can lead to very efficient light–matter interactions in sub-wavelength nanostructure arrays. We emphasize the role of symmetries and free-space coupling of resonant structures. We present the different scenarios for perfect optical absorption, transmission or reflection of plane waves in resonant nanostructures. We discuss the fabrication issues, experimental achievements and emerging applications of resonant nanostructure arrays.
What is the best fiducial?

Fiducial images are a common method for supporting vision-based tracking in augmented reality systems. This paper addresses the question: what is the best fiducial? A set of criteria that are desirable in an optically tracked fiducial are presented and a new fiducial image set is designed that meets these criteria. The images in this set utilize a square black-border pattern with a 15% border width and an interior image that supports orientation determination and unique identification. The interior image is constructed from orthogonal DCT basis images chosen to minimize the probability of misidentification and to be robust to noise and occlusion. We describe how this image can be integrated into an AR software system such as ARToolKit.
Research on I-Vector Combination for Speaker Recognition

I-vector has been proved to be very successful in NIST 2010 speaker recognition evaluation (SRE). In this paper, we explored more about how to improve the performance of i-vector based SRE system. We explored both the application of feature-domain latent factor analysis (fLFA) and the complementary combination method in i-vector level. The experimental results in NIST 2010 core-core data corpus including 9 conditions show that the compensation method to acoustic features is still very effective in i-vector based SRE system, although linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and within class covariance normalization (WCCN) are performing well to compensate the session and channel variabilities. Besides, the combination in ivector level can also improve the performance of i-vector based SRE system.
Respiratory syncytial virus modifies microRNAs regulating host genes that affect virus replication

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes substantial morbidity and life-threatening lower respiratory tract disease in infants, young children and the elderly. Understanding the host response to RSV infection is critical for developing disease-intervention approaches. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in post-transcriptional regulation of host genes responding to RSV infection is not well understood. In this study, it was shown that RSV infection of a human alveolar epithelial cell line (A549) induced five miRNAs (let-7f, miR-24, miR-337-3p, miR-26b and miR-520a-5p) and repressed two miRNAs (miR-198 and miR-595), and showed that RSV G protein triggered let-7f expression. Luciferase–untranslated region reporters and miRNA mimics and inhibitors validated the predicted targets, which included cell-cycle genes (CCND1, DYRK2 and ELF4), a chemokine gene (CCL7) and the suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 gene (SOCS3). Modulating let-7 family miRNA levels with miRNA mimics and inhibitors affected RSV replication, indicating that RSV modulates host miRNA expression to affect the outcome of the antiviral host response, and this was mediated in part through RSV G protein expression.
Leveraging the User's Face for Absolute Scale Estimation in Handheld Monocular SLAM

We present an approach to estimate absolute scale in handheld monocular SLAM by simultaneously tracking the user's face with a user-facing camera while a world-facing camera captures the scene for localization and mapping. Given face tracking at absolute scale, two images of a face taken from two different viewpoints enable estimating the translational distance between the two viewpoints in absolute units, such as millimeters. Under the assumption that the face itself stayed stationary in the scene while taking the two images, the motion of the user-facing camera relative to the face can be transferred to the motion of the rigidly connected world-facing camera relative to the scene. This allows determining also the latter motion in absolute units and enables reconstructing and tracking the scene at absolute scale.As faces of different adult humans differ only moderately in terms of size, it is possible to rely on statistics for guessing the absolute dimensions of a face. For improved accuracy the dimensions of the particular face of the user can be calibrated.Based on sequences of world-facing and user-facing images captured by a mobile phone, we show for different scenes how our approach enables reconstruction and tracking at absolute scale using a proof-of-concept implementation. Quantitative evaluations against ground truth data confirm that our approach provides absolute scale at an accuracy well suited for different applications. Particularly, we show how our method enables various use cases in handheld Augmented Reality applications that superimpose virtual objects at absolute scale or feature interactive distance measurements.
RNA Secondary Structure Modulates FMRP’s Bi-Functional Role in the MicroRNA Pathway

MicroRNAs act by post-transcriptionally regulating the gene expression of 30%–60% of mammalian genomes. MicroRNAs are key regulators in all cellular processes, though the mechanism by which the cell activates or represses microRNA-mediated translational regulation is poorly understood. In this review, we discuss the RNA binding protein Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) and its role in microRNA-mediated translational regulation. Historically, FMRP is known to function as a translational suppressor. However, emerging data suggests that FMRP has both an agonistic and antagonistic role in regulating microRNA-mediated translational suppression. This bi-functional role is dependent on FMRP’s interaction with the RNA helicase Moloney leukemia virus 10 (MOV10), which modifies the structural landscape of bound mRNA, therefore facilitating or inhibiting its association with the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex.
Set-up for reproducible , conditioned experiments related to 3 D surface reconstruction from image sequences

This paper discusses the need for a reliable experimental set-up providing a consistent benchmark to facilitate the assessment of the accuracy of localisation in varying implementations of Structure from Motion algorithms. The physical set-up involves a KUKA LWR4+ arm robot and a USB camera, both connected to a personal computer. A key step in determining the trajectory of the camera is finding its pose relative the robot arm’s end effector. Two methods are introduced in this paper to address this problem. These methods are subjected to simulated and real-world tests. One method clearly outperforms the other when dealing with noisy, real-world extrinsic camera calibration at the cost of vastly increased computational complexity.
Cognitive Wireless Network by Time Transitional AHP Based on Emergency Policy

In case of emergent situation like taking patient in an ambulance, it is important to send essential information by verious environments like the condition of patients or delivery time for hospital. In this paper, Cognitive Wireless Network by Transitional AHP based on Emergency Policy is proposed. The proposal system is expected with cognitive wireless network consisted with multi wireless link and route between the ambulance and hospital, and the link and route selection is held by AHP calculation with the each policies. In the simulation, ns2 are used for the computational results to the effectiveness of the suggested transmission methods in cognitive wireless networks.
Heterotic/Type-II duality and its field theory avatars

In these lecture notes, I will describe heterotic/type-II duality in six and four dimensions. When supersymmetry is the maximal N=4 it will be shown that the duality reduces in the field theory limit to the Montonen-Olive duality of N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory. We will consider further compactifications of type II theory on Calabi-Yau manifolds. We will understand the physical meaning of geometric conifold singularities and the dynamics of conifold transitions. When the CY manifold is a K3 fibration we will argue that the type-II ground-state is dual to the heterotic theory compactified on K3×T2. This allows an exact computation of the low effective action. Taking the field theory limit, α′→0, we will recover the Seiberg-Witten non-perturbative solution of N=2 gauge theory.
Decreasing risk of colorectal cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease over 30 years.

BACKGROUND & AIMS The risk for colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) could have changed over time, with changes in treatment options. We studied CRC risk in a nationwide cohort of 47,374 Danish patients with IBD over a 30-year period. METHODS We determined relative risk (RR) values using Poisson regression-derived incidence rate ratios of CRC from 1 year after IBD diagnosis, adjusted for age, sex, and calendar time. We compared incidence of CRC among patients with IBD vs individuals without IBD. RESULTS During 178 million person-years of follow-up evaluation, 268 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 70 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) developed CRC. The overall risk of CRC among patients with UC was comparable with that of the general population (RR, 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95-1.21). However, patients diagnosed with UC in childhood or as adolescents, those with long duration of disease, and those with concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis were at increased risk. For patients with UC, the overall RR for CRC decreased from 1.34 (95% CI, 1.13-1.58) in 1979-1988 to 0.57 (95% CI, 0.41-0.80) in 1999-2008. Among patients with CD, the overall RR for CRC was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.67-1.07), which did not change over time. CONCLUSIONS A diagnosis of UC or CD no longer seems to increase patients' risk of CRC, although subgroups of patients with UC remain at increased risk. The decreasing risk for CRC from 1979 to 2008 might result from improved therapies for patients with IBD.
Reflection Symmetry for Polarimetric Observation of Man-Made Metallic Targets at Sea

In this paper, a new paradigm for coherent microwave polarimetric remote sensing observation of man-made metallic targets at sea is presented and demonstrated over real polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. It is based on the different symmetry properties of the sea and of the man-made targets. The rationale relies on physical principles instead of standard image processing. Hence, a simple and very effective filter to observe man-made metallic targets at sea by full-resolution dual-polarized SAR data is developed. The technique is compared to a classic polarimetric approach, namely the polarimetric cross-entropy (PCE) constant false alarm rate (CFAR), and it is shown to perform best. Experiments, undertaken over a large data set of single look complex (SLC) L-band ALOS-PALSAR and C-band RADARSAT-2 full-polarimetric SAR data, demonstrate the physical soundness of the theory and the effectiveness of the approach from an operational viewpoint.
Association Between a CCL 17 Genetic Variant and Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in a Chinese Han Population

secutive patients who underwent coronary angiography, serum CCL17 levels remained associated with CAD even after adjusting for other traditional cardiovascular risk factors.5 Moreover, serum CCL17 concentrations were correlated with the subtype and severity of CAD.5 In order to determine the causal inference between CCL17 and CAD, we searched for and genotyped singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CCL17 among patients in our previous study.5 We then used a mediation model to explore the effects of these genetic variants on CAD risk and whether their effects are causally mediated through serum CCL17. Furthermore, we aimed to determine the effect and potential mechanisms underlying the effects of the SNPs on CCL17 expression in vitro.
Impaired Retrieval From Remote Memory in Patients With Frontal Lobe Damage

University of California, Davis, and Veterans AffairsMedical Center, MartinezPatients with unilateral dorsolateral frontal lobe lesions and matched controls were given 2 tests ofremote memory for public information, the Public Events Test and the Famous Faces Test. Onboth tests, the patients with frontal lobe lesions exhibited impaired recall for remote information.Recognition memory was relatively preserved. Provision of semantic and phonemic cues in theFamous Faces Test did not completely compensate for their recall deficit. These findings suggestthat the remote memory impairment exhibited by frontal patients may be related to deficits instrategic search of memory. These deficits in retrieval from remote memory extend the array ofmemory deficits associated with damage to the frontal lobes.Frontal lobe lesions have been associated with a variety ofmemory impairments, including deficits in short-term memory,free recall, metamemory, and memory for temporal informa-tion (for review, see Fuster, 1989; Shimamura, 1994; Stuss,Eskes, & Foster, 1994). Yet patients with frontal lobe lesionscan exhibit normal performance on standard clinical assess-ments of new learning ability (e.g., Wechsler Memory Scale—Revised; WMS-R; Wechsler, 1987), suggesting that theirmemory deficits are not due to severe anterograde amnesia(Janowsky, Shimamura, Kritchevsky, & Squire, 1989). Rather,the pattern of memory deficits suggests an impairment instrategic processes associated with organization and monitor-ing at encoding and retrieval. Indeed, the relationship betweenfrontal lobe function and strategic processing have beendeveloped in a variety of theories about the frontal lobes (seeBaddeley, 1986; Moscovitch, 1994; Norman & Shallice, 1986;Shimamura, 1994). Organizational problems related to deficits in strategicprocesses are highlighted by the performance of frontal lobepatients on tests of free recall (Janowsky et al., 1989; Jetter,Poser, Freeman, & Markowitsch, 1986; Incisa della Rocchetta,1986; Incisa della Rocchetta, & Milner, 1993; Stuss, Alex-ander, et al., 1994). For example, patients with frontal lobelesions are less likely to engage in useful memory strategies,
Energetics of syntrophic cooperation in methanogenic degradation

Fatty acids and alcohols are key intermediates in the methanogenic degradation of organic matter, e.g., in anaerobic sewage sludge digestors or freshwater lake sediments. They are produced by classical fermenting bacteria for disposal of electrons derived in simultaneous substrate oxidations. Methanogenic bacteria can degrade primarily only one-carbon compounds. Therefore, acetate, propionate, ethanol, and their higher homologs have to be fermented further to one-carbon compounds. These fermentations are called secondary or syntrophic fermentations. They are endergonic processes under standard conditions and depend on intimate coupling with methanogenesis. The energetic situation of the prokaryotes cooperating in these processes is problematic: the free energy available in the reactions for total conversion of substrate to methane attributes to each partner amounts of energy in the range of the minimum biochemically convertible energy, i.e., 20 to 25 kJ per mol per reaction. This amount corresponds to one-third of an ATP unit and is equivalent to the energy required for a monovalent ion to cross the charged cytoplasmic membrane. Recent studies have revealed that syntrophically fermenting bacteria synthesize ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation and reinvest part of the ATP-bound energy into reversed electron transport processes, to release the electrons at a redox level accessible by the partner bacteria and to balance their energy budget. These findings allow us to understand the energy economy of these bacteria on the basis of concepts derived from the bioenergetics of other microorganisms.
IT Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) Status Quo and Integration: An Explorative Industry Case Study

The integration of governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) activities has gained importance over the last years. This paper presents an analysis of the GRC integration efforts in information technology departments of three large enterprises. Action design research is used to organize the research in order to assess IT GRC activities based on a model with five dimensions. By means of semi-structured interviews key findings concerning the status quo of the three IT GRC disciplines, their integration and their relation to GRC on the corporate level are identified and rated. Five key findings explain the main commonalities and differences observed.
An OOP approach for mesh generation of multi-region models with NURBS

This paper presents an object-oriented approach for creating multi-region non-manifold models with NURBS. The main motivation is that the geometry and shape of realistic engineering objects are intrinsically complex, usually composed by several materials and regions. Therefore, automatic and/or adaptive meshing algorithms have become revealed themselves quite useful to increase the reliability of the procedures of a FEM numerical analysis. The present approach is concerned with two aspects of 3D FEM simulation: geometric modeling, with automatic multi-region detection, and support to automatic finite element mesh generation. The final objective is to use geometric models directly in numerical applications.
Collocation Extraction Using Web Statistics

This paper mines collocations from two different web usage corpora, NTU proxy log and TTS search log. The precisions for NTU and TTS test data are 61.76% and 57.50%, respectively, by human judgment for 2% sampling of extracted collocations. For automatic evaluation, we submit extracted collocation to Google search engine, and the resulting page counts are used to compute the mutual information of the collocation. Experimental results show that total 43.27% and 42.65% of collocations mined from NTU and TTS corpora passed the examination of MIs.
J an 2 01 2 The International Axion Observatory ( IAXO )

I. G. Irastorza, F. T. Avignone, G. Cantatore, S. Caspi, J. M. Carmona, T. Dafni, M. Davenport, A. Dudarev, G. Fanourakis, E. Ferrer-Ribas, J. Galán, J. A. Garćıa, T. Geralis, I. Giomataris, S. Gninenko, H. Gómez, D. H. H. Hoffmann, F. J. Iguaz, K. Jakovčić, M. Krčmar, B. Lakić, G. Luzón, A. Lindner, M. Pivovaroff, T. Papaevangelou, G. Raffelt, J. Redondo, A. Rodŕıguez, S. Russenschuck, J. Ruz, I. Shilon, H. Ten Kate, A. Tomás, S. Troitsky, K. van Bibber, J. A. Villar, J. Vogel, L. Walckiers, K. Zioutas Laboratorio de F́ısica Nuclear y Astropart́ıculas, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Trieste and Universitá di Trieste, Trieste, Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA CERN, Geneva, Switzerland National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece IRFU, Centre d’Études Nucléaires de Saclay (CEA-Saclay), Gifsur-Yvette, France Technische Universität Darmstadt, IKP, Darmstadt, Germany Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA DESY, Hamburg, Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel Institute for Nuclear Research (INR), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA University of Patras, Patras, Greece
Shame and pride in anorexia nervosa: a qualitative descriptive study.

UNLABELLED During the last decades, there has been a rising interest in the role of shame in psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE To define shame and describe types and subtypes of shame and their relations to symptoms and meaning in anorexia nervosa. The study will also describe the possible role of pride, as a contrasting emotional and cognitive experience. METHOD Thirteen female patients (age 16-39 years) with anorexia nervosa were interviewed about their general understanding of the concept of shame, what they considered shameful in themselves, past and present, and in others and shame related to eating and body. RESULTS Based on statements from the patients 'globalised internal shame', different subtypes of focal shame and different subtypes of pride are categorised. Shame is described both as cause and consequence in relation to symptoms in anorexia nervosa, hence a shame-shame cycle. A shame-pride cycle is also presented. DISCUSSION The use of shame, as well as pride, as concepts in regard to anorexia nervosa may improve our understanding of the nature of this disorder, as well as being a guideline for therapists.
Quality Thresholds in the Diffusion of Knowledge with Mobile Phones for Inclusive Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa Forthcoming : Technological Forecasting and Social Change

The study investigates critical masses or thresholds of educational quality at which the diffusion of information with mobile phones enhances inclusive human development. The empirical evidence is based on simultaneity-robust Fixed Effects regressions with data from 49 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2000-2012. The following findings are established: (1) There are positive marginal and net effects on inclusive development from the interaction between mobile phones and educational quality, (2) Between 10 and 27 pupils per teacher is needed in primary education in order for mobile phones to enhance inclusive human development, (3) From a comparative dimension: (i) English Common law countries enjoy higher net effects compared to their French Civil law counterparts, (ii) positive net effects are more obvious in politically stable (vis-à-vis politically unstable) countries, (iii) positive net impacts are also more apparent in resource-poor (vis-à-vis resource-rich) countries, (iv) low income (vis-à-vis higher income) countries have a higher net effect on inclusive development, (v) landlocked (vis-à-vis unlandlocked) countries experience higher net effects and (iv) Islam-dominated countries have a slightly higher net impact compared to their Christian-oriented counterparts. JEL Classification: G20; I10; I32; O40; O55
Two-unicast is hard

Consider the k-unicast network coding problem over an acyclic wireline network: Given a rate vector k-tuple, determine whether the network of interest can support k unicast flows with those rates. It is well known that the one-unicast problem is easy and that it is solved by the celebrated max-flow min-cut theorem. The hardness of k-unicast problems with small k has been an open problem. We show that the two-unicast problem is as hard as any k-unicast problem for k ≥ 3. Our result suggests that the difficulty of a network coding instance is related more to the magnitude of the rates in the rate tuple than to the number of unicast sessions. As a consequence of our result and other well-known results, we show that linear coding is insufficient to achieve capacity, and non-Shannon inequalities are necessary for characterizing capacity, even for two-unicast networks.