Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Following red blood cells in a pulmonary capillary

The red blood cells or erythrocytes are biconcave shaped cells and consist mostly in a membrane delimiting a cytosol with a high concentration in hemoglobin. This membrane is highly deformable and allows the cells to go through narrow passages like the capillaries which diameters can be much smaller than red blood cells one. They carry oxygen thanks to hemoglobin, a complex molecule that have very high affinity for oxygen. The capacity of erythrocytes to load and unload oxygen is thus a determinant factor in their efficacy. In this paper, we will focus on the pulmonary capillary where red blood cells capture oxygen. In order to numerically study the behavior of red blood cells along a whole capillary, we propose a camera method that consists in working in a reference frame that follows the red blood cells. More precisely, the domain of study is reduced to a neighborhood of the red blood cells and moves along at erythrocytes mean velocity. This method avoids too large mesh deformation. Our goal is to understand how erythrocytes geometrical changes along the capillary can affect its capacity to capture oxygen. The first part of this document presents the model chosen for the red blood cells along with the numerical method used to determine and follow their shapes along the capillary. The membrane of the red blood cell is complex and has been modelled by an hyper-elastic approach coming from [Mills J.P. et al. , MCB, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 169-180, 2004]. This camera method is then validated and confronted with a standard Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method in which the displacements of the red blood cells are correlated with the deformation of an initial mesh of the whole capillary with red blood cells at start positions. Some geometrical properties of the red blood cells observed in our simulations are then studied and discussed. The second part of this paper deals with the modeling of oxygen and hemoglobin chemistry in the geometries obtained in the first part. We have implemented a full complex hemoglobin behavior with allosteric states inspired from [Czerlinski G. et al. , J. Theor. Biol., vol. 199, pp. 25-44, 1999].
Modeling and design of a 2D photonic crystal microcavity on polymer material for sensing applications

In this paper report on the design of a 2D PBG filter in polymeric material. The filter is a Fabry-Perot cavity having a self-sustained membrane configuration. A deep parametric analysis has been carried out for improving the performance, taking also into account the fabrication tolerances Best performance in terms of lateral confinement have been obtained in case of square lattice. As for materials, polystyrene shown best in terms of refractive index value, length of the photonic crystal structure and attenuation value in the band gap. The filter can be used either in sensing applications or in telecommunication field.
Febrile seizures

Seizures associated with fever are a common pae­ diatric problem. Differentiation of febrile seizures from acute symptomatic seizures secondary to cen­ tral nervous system infection or seizures triggered by fever in children with epilepsy is essential. The syndrome of febrile seizures is defined as seizures associated with fever in the absence of central ner­ vous system infection or acute electrolyte imbal­ ance in a young child.w1 The prevalence of febrile seizures is between 3% and 8% in children up to 7 years of age.1 w2 Variation in prevalence relates to dif­ ferences in case definitions, ascertainment methods, geographical variation, and cultural factors. Here we discuss the investigation, management, and outcome of febrile seizures.
ICBEN review of research on the biological effects of noise 2011-2014

The mandate of the International Commission on Biological Effects of Noise (ICBEN) is to promote a high level of scientific research concerning all aspects of noise-induced effects on human beings and animals. In this review, ICBEN team chairs and co-chairs summarize relevant findings, publications, developments, and policies related to the biological effects of noise, with a focus on the period 2011-2014 and for the following topics: Noise-induced hearing loss; nonauditory effects of noise; effects of noise on performance and behavior; effects of noise on sleep; community response to noise; and interactions with other agents and contextual factors. Occupational settings and transport have been identified as the most prominent sources of noise that affect health. These reviews demonstrate that noise is a prevalent and often underestimated threat for both auditory and nonauditory health and that strategies for the prevention of noise and its associated negative health consequences are needed to promote public health.
An endogenous MDCK lysosomal membrane glycoprotein is targeted basolaterally before delivery to lysosomes

Using surface immunoprecipitation at 37 degrees C to "catch" the transient apical or basolateral appearance of an endogenous MDCK lysosomal membrane glycoprotein, the AC17 antigen, we demonstrate that the bulk of newly synthesized AC17 antigen is polarly targeted from the Golgi apparatus to the basolateral plasma membrane or early endosomes and is then transported to lysosomes via the endocytic pathway. The AC17 antigen exhibits very similar properties to members of the family of lysosomal-associated membrane glycoproteins (LAMPs). Parallel studies of an avian LAMP, LEP100, transfected into MDCK cells revealed colocalization of the two proteins to lysosomes, identical biosynthetic and degradation rates, and similar low levels of steady-state expression on both the apical (0.8%) and basolateral (2.1%) membranes. After treatment of the cells with chloroquine, newly synthesized AC17 antigen, while still initially targeted basolaterally, appears stably in both the apical and basolateral domains, consistent with the depletion of the AC17 antigen from lysosomes and its recycling in a nonpolar fashion to the cell surface.
Influência de radiopacificadores na solubilidade e desintegração dos MTA'S

The MTA has radiopacifier as bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), which has received criticism for not participating in the cure of the material and make it more porous. For this reason substances such as zirconium oxide (ZrO2), have been suggested as a substitute to Bi2O3. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of two radiopacifiers (Bi2O3 and ZrO2) in the solubility and disintegration of the MTA and Portland cement. Teflon rings were used, with 4 mm thick and 12 mm in diameter, filled with cement. After setting, the samples were weighed (PH0), and after 24 hours in a desiccator were weighed again (PD0). Then the samples were immersed in deionized water for 7 and 28 days. After those periods, the same procedures were performed by obtaining new weights (PH7d, PD7d, and PH28d PD28d). The solubility and disintegration of the cement corresponded to the mass loss identified by weight of each sample, expressed as percentage of weight loss compared to original weight. For statistical analysis we employed the two-way ANOVA for each period, and Tukey's HSD to identify significant differences (α = 5%). Both cements containing Bi2O3, hydrated or dehydrated showed solubility in periods, except at 28 days (p <0.05). The MTA was soluble with ZrO2 hydrated and dehydrated when evaluated, except for 28 days dehydrated. Portland cement with ZrO2 soluble was evaluated only when dehydrated. There was a higher solubility of the cements when the Bi2O3 was employed. The cement plus ZrO2 showed lower solubility. Due to criticism of Bi2O3 and the results found in this study, the more the good characteristics of ZrO2, ZrO2 believe that is a viable alternative to replace the Bi2O3 in the composition of the MTA and how radiopacifier for Portland cement.
A FrameNet for Danish

This paper presents work on a comprehensive FrameNet for Danish (cf. www.framenet.dk), with over 12.000 frames, and an almost complete coverage of Danish verb lemmas. We discuss design principles and frame roles as well as the distinctional use of valency, syntactic function and semantic noun classes. By converting frame distinctors into Constraint Grammar rules, we were able to build a robust frame tagger for running Danish text, using DanGram parses as input. The combined context-informed coverage of the parser-frametagger was 94.3%, with an overall F-score for frame senses of 85.12.
Some Correct Error-Driven Versions of the Constraint Demotion Algorithm

This article shows that Error-Driven Constraint Demotion (EDCD), an error-driven learning algorithm proposed by Tesar (1995) for Prince and Smolensky's (1993/2004) version of Optimality Theory, can fail to converge to a correct totally ranked hierarchy of constraints, unlike the earlier non-error-driven learning algorithms proposed by Tesar and Smolensky (1993). The cause of the problem is found in Tesar's use of mark-pooling ties, indicating that EDCD can be repaired by assuming Anttila's (1997) permuting ties instead. Proofs show, and simulations confirm, that totally ranked hierarchies can indeed be found by both this repaired version of EDCD and Boersma's (1998) Minimal Gradual Learning Algorithm.
Germ cell transplantation into X-irradiated monkey testes.

BACKGROUND An intense debate is ongoing regarding options for fertility protection in oncological patients. Germ cell transplantation has been applied to restore mouse spermatogenesis. Here, an attempt to apply autologous germ cell transplantation to a primate animal model is described. METHODS Five adult male cynomolgus monkeys were biopsied to retrieve and cryopreserve germ cells before both testes were irradiated (dose 2 Gy). Six weeks later, each monkey received an infusion of its own cell suspension into the right testis, while the left testes were infused with saline. Testis size, sperm counts and serum concentrations of inhibin, FSH and testosterone were analysed weekly for 9 months. Spermatogenic recovery was determined histologically at the end of the study. RESULTS In four monkeys, the germ cell-infused right testes showed a slight to moderate increase in the rate of regrowth in comparison with the left testes. In two monkeys the right testis proceeded to recover more prominently, resulting in larger right testis volumes and better or full spermatogenic recovery at the study end. Restoration of spermatogenesis occurred as an all-or-nothing event. Inhibin B concentrations increased, while FSH and testosterone concentrations decreased with testicular regrowth. Sperm counts did not recover. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates the immaturity and complexity of germ cell transplantation as a clinical approach.
A Partition-Based Approach to Graph Mining

Existing graph mining algorithms typically assume that databases are relatively static and can fit into the main memory. Mining of subgraphs in a dynamic environment is currently beyond the scope of these algorithms. To bridge this gap, we first introduce a partition-based approach called PartMiner for mining graphs. The PartMiner algorithm finds the frequent subgraphs by dividing the database into smaller and more manageable units, mining frequent subgraphs on these smaller units and finally combining the results of these units to losslessly recover the complete set of subgraphs in the database. Next, we extend PartMiner to handle updates in the dynamic environment. Experimental results indicate that PartMiner is effective and scalable in finding frequent subgraphs, and outperforms existing algorithms in the presence of updates.
Studies on Mechanical Properties of Kevlar Fiber Reinforced Iron (III) Oxide Nanoparticles Filled Up/Epoxy Nanocomposites

Fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites have extensively been used in various fields such as aerospace industries, automobiles, marine, and defense industries because of their high strength/weight ratios. In this paper, effect of silane modified iron (III) oxide nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of Kevlar fiber reinforced epoxy composites has been investigated. Composites samples were prepared, each using eight layers of Kevlar fiber reinforced epoxy filled with silane modified iron (III) oxide nanoparticles. The fractured surfaces of fibre reinforced composites were characterized by SEM. Tensile and flexural strength was studied as per the ASTM standards. Based upon the results it is clear that the miscibility of the silane modified iron (III) oxide nanoparticles in the matrix system is of the prime importance with regard to performance.
Variable Carbohydrate Modifications to the Catalytic Chains of the RgpA and RgpB Proteases of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50

ABSTRACT Proteases of Porphyromonas gingivalis are considered to be important virulence determinants of this periodontal bacterium. Several biochemical isoforms of arginine-specific proteases are derived from rgpA and rgpB. HRgpA is a heterodimer composed of the catalytic α chain noncovalently associated with a β adhesin chain derived from the C terminus of the initial full-length translation product. The catalytic α chain is also present as a monomer (RgpA) either free in solution or associated with membranes.rgpB lacks the coding region for the adhesin domain present in rgpA and yields only monomeric forms (RgpB) which again may be soluble or membrane associated. In this study, the catalytic chains of this unusual group of enzymes are shown to be differentially modified by the posttranslational addition of carbohydrate. A monoclonal antibody (MAb 1B5) raised to the monomeric RgpA did not react with the corresponding recombinant RgpA α chain expressed inEscherichia coli but was immunoreactive with P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide. MAb 1B5 also reacted with the membrane-associated forms of RgpA and RgpB but not with the heterodimeric HRgpA and the soluble form of RgpB. RgpA treated with denaturants was capable of binding to MAb 1B5 whereas treatment with periodate abolished this binding, suggesting the presence of carbohydrate residues within the epitope. Chemical deglycosylation abolished immunoreactivity with MAb 1B5 and caused a ∼30% reduction in the size of the membrane-associated enzymes. Monosaccharide analysis of HRgpA and RgpA demonstrated 2.1 and 14.4%, respectively, carbohydrate by weight of protein. Furthermore, distinct differences were detected in their monosaccharide compositions, indicating that these protease isoforms are modified not only to different extents but also with different sugars. The variable nature of these additions may have a significant effect on the structure, stability, and immune recognition of these protease glycoproteins.
Sensing as a Service and Big Data

Internet of Things (IoT) will comprise billions of devices that can sense, communicate, compute and potentially actuate. Data streams coming from these devices will challenge the traditional approaches to data management and contribute to the emerging paradigm of big data. This paper discusses emerging Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, large scale sensor network applications, federating sensor networks, sensor data and related context capturing techniques, challenges in cloud-based management, storing, archiving and processing of sensor data.
III–V Multijunction Solar Cell Integration with Silicon: Present Status, Challenges and Future Outlook

Abstract Achieving high-efficiency solar cells and at the same time driving down the cell cost has been among the key objectives for photovoltaic researchers to attain a lower levelized cost of energy (LCOE). While the performance of silicon (Si) based solar cells have almost saturated at an efficiency of ~25%, III–V compound semiconductor based solar cells have steadily shown performance improvement at ~1% (absolute) increase per year, with a recent record efficiency of 44.7%. Integration of such high-efficiency III–V multijunction solar cells on significantly cheaper and large area Si substrate has recently attracted immense interest to address the future LCOE roadmaps by unifying the high-efficiency merits of III–V materials with low-cost and abundance of Si. This review article will discuss the current progress in the development of III–V multijunction solar cell integration onto Si substrate. The current state-of-the-art for III–V-on-Si solar cells along with their theoretical performance projections is presented. Next, the key design criteria and the technical challenges associated with the integration of III–V multijunction solar cells on Si are reviewed. Different technological routes for integrating III–V solar cells on Si substrate through heteroepitaxial integration and via mechanical stacking approach are presented. The key merits and technical challenges for all of the till-date available technologies are summarized. Finally, the prospects, opportunities and future outlook toward further advancing the performance of III–V-on-Si multijunction solar cells are discussed. With the plummeting price of Si solar cells accompanied with the tremendous headroom available for improving the III–V solar cell efficiencies, the future prospects for successful integration of III–V solar cell technology onto Si substrate look very promising to unlock an era of next generation of high-efficiency and low-cost photovoltaics.
Slocum Gliders: Robust and ready

Buoyancy driven Slocum Gliders were a vision of Douglas Webb, which Henry Stommel championed in a futuristic vision published in 1989. Slocum Gliders have transitioned from a concept to a technology serving basic research and environmental stewardship. The long duration and low operating costs of Gliders allow them to anchor spatial time series. Large distances, over 600 km, can be covered using a single set of alkaline batteries. Since the initial tests, a wide range of physical and optical sensors have been integrated into the Glider allowing measurements of temperature, salinity, depth averaged currents, surface currents, fluorescence, apparent and inherent optical properties. A command/control center, entitled Dockserver, has been developed that allows users to fly fleets of gliders simultaneously in multiple places around the world via the Internet. Over the last 2.5 years, Rutgers Gliders have logged 27 056 kilometers, and flown 1357 days at sea. Gliders call into the automated Glider Command Center at the Rutgers campus via satellite phone to provide a status update, download data, and receive new mission commands. The ability to operate Gliders for extended periods of time are making them the central in situ technology for the evolving ocean observatories. Off shore New Jersey Gliders have occupied a cross shelf transect and have documented the annual variability in shelf wide stratification on the Mid‐Atlantic Bight and the role of storms in sediment resuspension. The sustained data permits scientists to gather regional data critical to addressing if, and how, the oceans are changing. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of SiC Particles on the Grain Refinement of an Mg-Al Alloy

SiC particles are effective grain refiners in Mg-Al alloys. Several investigations, from different researchers, into their effect on a range of alloys with different Al contents has been undertaken and it has been found that the greatest reduction in grain size occurs in alloys having low Al contents. Performing grain refinement studies on a range of alloy contents also allows for further investigation into the mechanisms of grain refinement. It was found that the size of the SiC particles is also important in magnesium grain refinement. However, the presence of Mg2Si in the microstructure and the consideration of phase equilibria suggest that SiC can transform into other binary or ternary carbides. If such carbides are formed, they may also act as an effective grain refiner for Mg-Al alloys. In this study, the possibility of formation of new carbides (Al4C3, Al2MgC2, Mn7C3, Mg2C, Mg2C3, Al2CO etc.) and their ability to be good grain refiners for Mg-Al alloys is discussed.
Molecular transport machinery involved in orchestrating luminal acid‐induced duodenal bicarbonate secretion in vivo

• Acid damage of the proximal duodenum is a key pathogenic factor in duodenal ulcer disease as well as in the intestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis. • Short contact of healthy duodenal mucosa with acid results in long‐lasting stimulation of proximal duodenal bicarbonate secretion. • While the complex neural, paracrine, humoral and luminocrine regulation of this acid‐induced bicarbonate secretory response, as well as its protective role, has been studied in some detail, little is known about the molecular identity of the involved ion transporters or intracellular signalling. • Using genetically engineered mouse models, we found that the anion exchanger DRA (Slc26a3), the anion conductances Slc26a9 and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, and the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 play essential roles in orchestrating the acid‐induced duodenal bicarbonate secretory response. These transporters are differentially controlled by signalling mechanisms along the crypt–villus axis. • These findings provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of peptic damage to the duodenum and may provide novel treatment strategies.
Sleep apnea screening with a contact-free under-the-mattress sensor

Sleep apnea is a highly prevalent yet under-diagnosed condition. This study tested a novel algorithm for sleep apnea screening with a contact-free system based on a piezo-electric sensor (PE system — EarlySense Ltd). The study population included 96 subjects who were referred to a sleep study, and underwent a full overnight polysomnography (PSG) in a sleep lab. 16 participants were diagnosed with severe sleep apnea, 18 with moderate, 30 with mild and 32 with no sleep apnea. All subjects were simultaneously measured with the PE system. Respiration waveform was analyzed to extract time and frequency domain features and calculated an internal index for the number of apnea/hypopnea events. It also used an algorithm for sleep wake detection which is described elsewhere. Based on the internal apnea index and the duration of sleep, the system classified the subjects into two groups: one above and one below an Apnea-Hypopnea-Index (AHI) of 15. The classification was compared to a PSG classification of a blinded sleep expert. The novel algorithm detected moderate-to-severe sleep apnea patients with sensitivity of 88% (100% of the severe sleep apnea patients, and 78% of moderate sleep apnea), specificity of 89%, and positive predictive value (PPV) of 81%. These results together with the convenience of being contact-free make the PE system, with the novel algorithm, suitable for apnea screening at home or hospital setups. It may also be usable for long-term monitoring.
Effect of external pH perturbations on in vivo protein synthesis by the acidophilic bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

The response of the obligate acidophilic bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans to external pH changes is reported. When T. ferrooxidans cells grown at pH 1.5 were shifted to pH 3.5, there were several changes in the general protein synthesis pattern, including a large stimulation of the synthesis of a 36-kDa protein (p36). The apparent low isoelectric point of p36, its location in the membrane fraction, and its cross-reaction with anti-OmpC from Salmonella typhi suggested that it may be a porin whose expression is regulated by extracellular pH.