Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Drug-Coformer Loaded-Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: A Review of the Preparation, Characterization, and Mechanism of Drug Release

Abstract Drug-coformer systems, such as coamorphous and cocrystal, are gaining recognition as highly effective strategies for enhancing the stability, solubility, and dissolution of drugs. These systems depend on the interactions between drug and coformer to prevent the conversion of amorphous drugs into the crystalline form and improve the solubility. Furthermore, mesoporous silica (MPS) is also a promising carrier commonly used for stabilization, leading to solubility improvement of poorly water-soluble drugs. The surface interaction of drug-MPS and the nanoconfinement effect prevent amorphous drugs from crystallizing. A novel method has been developed recently, which entails the loading of drug-coformer into MPS to improve the solubility, dissolution, and physical stability of the amorphous drug. This method uses the synergistic effects of drug-coformer interactions and the nanoconfinement effect within MPS. Several studies have reported successful incorporation of drug-coformer into MPS, indicating the potential for significant improvement in dissolution characteristics and physical stability of the drug. Therefore, this study aimed to discuss the preparation and characterization of drug-coformer within MPS, particularly the interaction in the nanoconfinement, as well as the impact on drug release and physical stability.
Government Debt Approach on Growth

This study aims to analyze the short-run and long-run relationship of nominal GDP (a dependent variable) with the four independent variables, such as domestic loans (dl), foreign loans (fl), export (exp), and gross fixed capital formation (gfcf). Both descriptive and inferential tools were used in this study: the five years of time series data from FY 2015 to FY 2020 under the descriptive design to examine the trends of these five study variables, and the 46 years of data from FY 1975 to FY 2020 and a multiple regression model under the inferential design to measure their relationship. Based on the objective and method, the study found the Nepali economy to be buckling under the weight of a growing and chronic public debt burden since the start of its budgetary process. Therefore, it behooves the government of Nepal to steer its economy towards positive growth in the future by mitigating the adverse effects of the debt burden.
Three-Dimensional Motion Tracking of High-Speed Magnetic Targets Using Microwave-Free Quantum Imaging Technology

The rapid tracking of magnetic target holds significant importance in biomedicine, precision instrumentation, materials science, and more. The diamond nitrogen vacancy <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$({NV}^{-})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> color centers exhibit magnetic field detection effect. They have shown high sensitivity, calibration-free nature, easy readout, and operability at room temperature. This article presents an approach to rapidly induce magnetic fields based on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${NV}^{-}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> color centers ensemble without microwave. We demonstrated the magnetic-field-dependent photoluminescence (PL) of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${NV}^{-}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> color centers ensemble quantum system and applied it wide-field imaging. By expanding the magnetic dipole model, we achieved rapid 3-D tracking imaging technology of micro-sized magnetic target. Results show the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${NV}^{-}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> color centers ensemble’s high dynamic sensing capabilities for magnetic fields, providing a wide field of view (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3000\times3000\,\,\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) with a time resolution of 5 ms and a magnetic detection sensitivity of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5~\mu \text{T}/\surd $ </tex-math></inline-formula>Hz. Furthermore, it eliminated the influence of microwaves and reduced the experimental equipment requirements. These findings offer a direction for rapid tracking the magnetic target based on <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${NV}^{-}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> color centers ensemble.
Two plants improve stress response of a subterranean herbivore by downregulating amphetamine addiction pathways

Introduction Captivity serves as the primary method for enhancing animal survival and productivity. However, the stress induced by confinement can hinder animal growth and reproduction. The administration of drugs to captive animals can effectively regulate their stress response and can also be used inartificial breeding, reproduction, and experimental animalization of wild species. The plateau zokor (Eospalax baileyi), a subterranean herbivore, experiences significant stress during the captive process owing to its unique habitat. Methods In our study, we utilized Radix astragali (RA) and Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) extracts to intervene in the stress response of plateau zokors. Results Our findings demonstrated that RA and AS treatment considerably improved food intake and reduced weight loss, stress-related behavior, and stress hormone levels in plateau zokors. Furthermore, the excitatory pathway of amphetamine addition in the hypothalamus was suppressed by RA and AS treatment, acting through the Grin and Prkc gene families. Notably, after RA treatment, the extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathway, enriched by the Col1a1/3a1/1a2/6a1 gene, was significantly upregulated, potentially enhancing the immune function of captive plateau zokors. Discussion In conclusion, our research demonstrates that RA and AS treatment can effectively alleviate the stress response of plateau zokors in captive environments. The downregulation of the excitation pathway and upregulation of the immune pathway offer valuable insights into the response and potential mechanisms of plant-based drugs in mitigating animal stress.
Investigating the interplay of physiological and molecular mechanisms underpinning programmable aspects of heat stress in pigs

Heat stress (HS) undermines production efficiency in all animal agriculture, culminating in major economic losses annually. The effects of HS in pigs is realized through depressed growth, altered body composition, and impaired reproductive performance. Pigs, unlike other mammals, do not possess functional sweat glands, making them rely on other mechanisms to thermoregulate during a heat challenge. Continual investigation of hyperthermia in pigs is crucial for developing new strategies and/or technologies that mitigate the effects of HS imposed on the pork industry. The studies conducted in this dissertation investigate the complex interplay of whole-animal physiology as well as cellular and molecular mechanisms within specific tissues. Identifying pigs demonstrating HS tolerance without compromising productivity would be valuable. Thus, study 1 (chapter 2) was carried out to evaluate the degree to which thermoregulatory responses are associated with production phenotypes during acute HS. Hyperthermic pigs accumulate more adipose tissue than their feed intake predicts, which may be mediated by HS-induced hyperinsulinemia. However, less is known how HS influences fatty acid composition and adipocyte size, both of which are regulated by insulin and can influence carcass fat quality. To better understand the underlying physiology of how HS influences body composition, study 2 (chapter 3) investigated insulin’s potential role in affecting adipose characteristics during HS. A cardinal physiological response to HS is compromised intestinal integrity and concomitant increased gut-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into systemic circulation. While HS causes female infertility, many of the reproductive consequences imposed by the abiotic factor are also recapitulated by direct exposures to LPS independently. Additionally, heat
Balancing User Privacy and Legal Demands while Conducting Businesses on the Blockchain

Blockchain technology offers a promising way to improve business processes by providing a secure and transparent transaction platform. However, using this technology brings its own set of challenges, especially when trying to balance user privacy with legal and regulatory needs. This article explores the challenges of keeping user information private, adhering to regulatory frameworks, and fulfilling legal requirements on the blockchain. A key point in this research is the challenge of keeping or maintaining confidentiality while being transparent. The article also discusses the issues of applying legal rules to a system not controlled by one central authority, the risks of privacy and security breaches, and the need to follow data protection laws. The article highlights how some blockchain-based companies have tackled these challenges, mainly through smart blockchain management and innovative technology, by looking at real-world examples from major companies like IBM, Bitpay, Ripple, and Coinbase. The systematic literature review (SLR) methodology involved reviewing literature from the past 15 years (2008-2023) from trusted sources like Google Scholar, ACM Digital Library, IEEE, Springer, and Science Direct. The findings indicate that cutting-edge technologies prioritizing privacy, such as zero-knowledge proofs, ring signatures, and encryption methods, would enable Bitcoin (BTC) platform operations to maintain or balance privacy and transparency. Furthermore, the study indicates the importance of clear privacy guidelines, adhering to relevant regulations, working closely with regulators and law enforcement, and educating users. In summary, it is crucial to approach blockchain carefully, prioritizing user privacy while meeting all legal and regulatory requirements.
Ameliorating the toxic effect of the immunosuppressive drugs (Tacrolimus) on male Albino rat tongue by mesenchymal stem cells versus platelet rich plasma (histological, immunohistochemical and scanning electron microscopic study

: Background: Toxic effects on the tongue caused by Tacrolimus remains a major problem. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate the potential therapeutic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) impact on tongue of albino rat. Materials and Methods: 40 Albino male rats were divided into four equal groups. Group I (control group) received no treatment. Group II received daily subcutaneous injections of 1 mg/kg/day of Tacrolimus for 30 days. Group III received Tacrolimus for 30 days then a single PRP injection. Group IV received Tacrolimus for 30 days then a single injection of MSCs. In all groups the rats were scarified after sixty days from the beginning of the experiment. For demonstration of the collagen fibers, tongue sections were stained with Mallory Trichrome and were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for histological analysis. Electron microscopic scans were used in this study and immunohistochemistry using anti-PCNA primary antibody were used to examine the tongue. Results: Histological and immunohistochemical examination of Tacrolimus group tongues showed poorly defined filiform papillae, some epithelial cells appeared degenerated with pyknotic nuclei, however tongue sections of Gr. II and Gr. IV showed marked tongue histological structure improvement and up regulated expression of PCNA, compared to the Gr. II. Scanning electron microscope supported these results. Conclusion: MSCs and PRP have good effects in reduction of the toxic effect of Tacrolimus administration on the rat tongue with insignificant difference between the two methods.
Parenting the Phoenix

For many parents of transgender or non-binary children the experience is transformative learning (Mezirow, 1978). This life history study of 17 parents of children aged 6 to 29 comprised of 33 interviews, 10 participant journals, and an autoethnography. Findings from the data indicated parental learning was a holistic experience (Illeris, 2003), a balance of emotion, cognition, and sociality. When one domain of learning was overstimulated, learning could be disrupted. Parents restructured their conceptions of gender, working through understandings of gender from their past and new ideas of the present. Learning also occurred in two phases, a private phase of cognitive reframing and then a more public phase as parents learned to advocate for their child. Most parents were anchored by value of authenticity, and some mothers revisited the notion of “What makes a woman? ” For some, working through discomfort was one part of the learning process.
Presence of different groups of microorganisms deposol in reclamation at Stanari coal mine.

This paper studied the presence of certain groups of microorganisms in deposol during the phase of biological reclamation with different crops. At the site of the overburden collection site at the Stanari coal mine, in 2011, the small grains, potato, soybean, corn, grass-clover mixture were sown in previously treated deposol. Since the dominance of certain groups of microorganisms dictate the processes of synthesis and degradation and determines the quality of the soil, this paper represents the total number of bacteria, Azotobacter sp. , ammonifiers, oligonitrophiles, actinomycetes and fungi. In microbial community, the bacteria dominated by the quantity in the control deposol and deposol in process of reclamation. Oligonitrophiles, like ammonifiers present in significant numbers in the control deposol, and their number has increased by applying the measures of reclamation. Also, the conditions for activity of Azotobacter sp. have been improved by application measures of reclamation. Since the pH control deposol is acid, the number of fungi in it is higher than number of fungi in deposol in the reclamation process, except deposol under grass-clover mixture. The highest total number of bacteria (351 x 10 ) , ammonifiers (1778 x 10 ) and oligonitrophiles (1361 x 10 ) is in the soil under grass-clover mixture, while the largest concentration of Azotobacter sp. in the soil under soybean (133 x 10 ). The presence of actinomycetes was not recorded in control deposol. The best effect of the reclamation processes on restore deposol fertility was recorded in deposol under grass-clover mixture.
New Advances in Antenna Design toward Wearable Devices Based on Nanomaterials

Wearable antennas have recently garnered significant attention due to their attractive properties and potential for creating lightweight, compact, low-cost, and multifunctional wireless communication systems. With the breakthrough progress in nanomaterial research, the use of lightweight materials has paved the way for the widespread application of wearable antennas. Compared with traditional metallic materials like copper, aluminum, and nickel, nanoscale entities including zero-dimensional (0-D) nanoparticles, one-dimensional (1-D) nanofibers or nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2-D) nanosheets exhibit superior physical, electrochemical, and performance characteristics. These properties significantly enhance the potential for constructing durable electronic composites. Furthermore, the antenna exhibits compact size and high deformation stability, accompanied by greater portability and wear resistance, owing to the high surface-to-volume ratio and flexibility of nanomaterials. This paper systematically discusses the latest advancements in wearable antennas based on 0-D, 1-D, and 2-D nanomaterials, providing a comprehensive overview of their development and future prospects in the field.
Enhanced Lutetium Ion Sorption from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated Ion Exchangers

The growing demand for rare earth elements (REE) requires the search for economically viable materials to efficiently recover REE from various solutions. Our research aims to investigate the potential of using a combination of the ion exchangers Lewatit CNP LF (in H+ form) and AV-17-8 (in OH− form) as an interpolymer system, “Lewatit CNP LF@AV-17-8” (X:Y), with varying mass ratios of X:Y to enhance the sorption efficiency of lutetium ions from nitrate solution. During the study, we used a range of analytical methodologies, including gravimetry, ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Our findings demonstrate that the interpolymer system “Lewatit CNP LF@AV-17-8” (X:Y), with a mass ratio of 4:2, exhibited a significantly enhanced sorption rate of Lu3+ ions (42%) compared to the individual Lewatit CNP LF (6:0) (25%) and the individual AV-17-8 (0:6) (21%) over a 48 h period. Moreover, this interpolymer system has demonstrated notable conformity to the Freundlich adsorption model, highlighting its performance as an effective sorbent for lutetium (III) ions. Notably, our study presents a novel utilization of the interpolymer system “Lewatit CNP LF@AV-17-8” (4:2), with an adsorption capacity of 221.05 mg/g, to enhance the recovery of lutetium ions. The research findings demonstrate its potential for enhancing the recovery of REE.
Assessing the water quality of Hatirjheel Lake of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

: Excessive and unplanned growth of urbanization caused severe environmental degradation. Lakes are important ecosystems because of the variety of uses for their water, including industrial, recreational, agricultural, and water retention. Hatirjheel Lake became one of the famous recreational destinations in Dhaka, Bangladesh and due to this reason, the water quality has deteriorated; therefore, it is necessary to monitor the water quality regularly. This paper aims to assess the water quality of Hatirjheel Lake to find out its present state. Water samples were collected from five different sampling points based on sources of pollution by the purposive sampling method. The water sample has been analyzed for various physiochemical parameters, including Color, Odor, Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and also calculated the correlation between parameters. From the overall analysis, it is evident that six types of color and strong odor were found, and water temperature varied from 30°C to 31°C, pH varied from 6.35 to 7.16, DO varied from 2.80 to 4.42 mg/L, EC from 0.6 to 0.7 dS/m, TDS varied from 577 to 680 mg/L, and TSS varied from 2.41 to 5.61 mg/L. Moreover, interpreting the findings in the context of comparison with previous studies, the results collectively suggest a decline in water quality, highlighting the need for immediate attention and intervention. Therefore, inclusive public consciousness, and government monitoring must be adopted to save the quality of water in Hatirjheel Lake.
Design and Quantitative Assessment of Teleoperation-Based Human–Robot Collaboration Method for Robot-Assisted Sonography

—Tele-echography has emerged as a promising and effective solution, leveraging the expertise of sonographers and the autonomy of robots to perform ultrasound scanning for patients residing in remote areas, without the need for in-person visits by the sonographer. Designing effective and natural human-robot interfaces for tele-echography remains challenging, with patient safety being a critical concern. In this article, we develop a teleoperation system for robot-assisted sonography with two different interfaces, a haptic device-based interface and a low-cost 3D Mouse-based interface, which can achieve continuous and intuitive telemanipulation by a leader device with a small workspace. To achieve compliant interaction with patients, we design impedance controllers in Cartesian space to track the desired position and orientation for these two teleoperation interfaces. We also propose comprehensive evaluation metrics of robot-assisted sonography, including subjective and objective evaluation, to evaluate tele-echography interfaces and control performance. We evaluate the ergonomic performance based on the estimated muscle fatigue and the acquired ultrasound image quality. We conduct user studies based on the NASA Task Load Index to evaluate the performance of these two human-robot interfaces. The tracking performance and the quantitative comparison of these two teleoperation interfaces are conducted by the Franka Emika Panda robot. The results and findings provide guidance on human-robot collaboration design and implementation for robot-assisted sonography. Note to Practitioners —Robot-assisted sonography has demonstrated efficacy in medical diagnosis during clinical trials. However, deploying fully autonomous robots for ultrasound scanning remains challenging due to various constraints in practice, such as patient safety, dynamic tasks, and environmental uncertainties. Semi-autonomous or teleoperation-based robot sonography
Perioperative Challenges and Outcome After Surgical Correction of Post-myocardial Infarction Ventricular Septal Rupture: A Retrospective Single Center Study

ABSTRACT Background: Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rare but grave complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is a mechanical complication of myocardial infarction where patients may present either in a compensated state or in cardiogenic shock. The aim of the study is to determine the in-hospital mortality. The study also aims to identify the predictors of outcomes (in-hospital mortality, vasoactive inotrope score (VIS), duration of ICU stay and mechanical ventilation in the postoperative period) and compare the clinical and surgical parameters between survivors and non-survivors. Methods: This is a retrospective study. The data of 90 patients was collected from the medical records and the data comprising of 13 patients who underwent VSR closure by single patch technique, or septal occluder, and those who expired before receiving the treatment, was excluded. The data of 77 patients diagnosed with post-AMI VSR and who underwent surgical closure of VSR by double patch technique was included in this study. Clinical findings and echocardiography parameters were recorded from the perioperative period. The statistical software used was SPSS version 27. The primary outcome was determining the in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcome was identifying the clinical parameters that are significantly more in the non-survivors, and the factors predicting the in-hopsital mortality and morbidity (increased duration of ICU stay, and of mechanical ventilation, postoperative requirement of high doses of vasopressors and inotropes). Subgroup analysis was done to identify the relation of various clinical parameters with the postoperative complications. The factors predicting the in-hospital mortality were illustrated by a forest plot. Results: The mean age of the patients was 60.35 (±9.9) years, 56 (72.7%) were males, and 21 (27.3%) were females. Requirement of mechanical ventilation preoperatively (OR 3.92 [CI 2.91-6.96]), cardiogenic shock at presentation (OR 4 [CI 2.33 – 6.85]), requirement of IABP (OR 2.05 [CI 1.38-3.94]), were predictors of mortality. The apical location of VSR had been favorable for survival. The EUROScore II at presentation correlated with the postoperative VIS (level of significance [LS] 0.0011, R 0.36. The in-hospital mortality in this study was 33.76%. Conclusion: The in-hospital mortality of VSR is 33.76%. Cardiogenic shock at presentation, non-apical site of VSR, preoperative requirement of mechanical ventilation, high VIS preoperatively, perioperative utilization of IABP, prolonged CPB time, postoperative duration of mechanical ventilation, and high postoperative VIS were the factors associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality.