Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chronic diseases, chromosomal abnormalities, and congenital malformations as risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization: a population-based cohort study.

BACKGROUND Little is known about how chronic conditions other than prematurity, heart disease, and Down syndrome affect the risk and severity of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). We assess the risk and severity of RSV hospitalization in children with chronic conditions in this register-based, population-based cohort study. METHODS Data on RSV tests, maternal smoking, siblings, single parenthood, mode of delivery, gestational age at birth, major surgery, asthma diagnosis, chronic conditions, and hospitalization and discharge dates were obtained from the Danish RSV database, the National Patient and Birth Registries, and the Civil Registration System. STATISTICS Cox regression models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for RSV hospitalization between groups stratified by sex and date of birth. Duration of RSV hospitalization was analyzed in a linear regression and reported as geometric mean ratios. RESULTS A total of 391 983 children aged 0-23 months were included in the analysis. A total of 10,616 (2.7%) had a diagnosis for chronic disease. IRRs (95% confidence intervals) for RSV hospitalization in children with any congenital or acquired chronic condition were 2.18 (2.01-2.36) and 2.25 (1.94-2.61), respectively. Several new risk factors for RSV hospitalization, including malformations, interstitial lung disease, neuromuscular disease, liver disease, chromosomal abnormalities, congenital immunodeficiencies, and inborn errors of metabolism, were identified. Duration of RSV hospitalization was increased in many chronic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Chronic disease per se is an important risk factor for RSV hospitalization.
A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF FAMILY AND RELIGIOUS PROCESSES IN HIGHLY RELIGIOUS FAMILIES

In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with a national sample of 74 racially and religiously diverse highly religious families. We present a research-based conceptual model of the processes at work in these families as they strive together to fulfill the sacred purposes suggested by their respective faiths. Identified processes were: (a) relying on God or God's word for support, guidance, and strength; (b) sanctifying the family by living religion at home; (c) resolving conflict with prayer, repentance, and forgiveness; (d) loving and serving others in the family, faith community, and wider community; (e) overcoming challenges and trials through shared faith; (f) abstaining from proscribed activities and substances; (g) sacrificing time, money, comfort, and convenience; (h) nurturing spiritual observance and growth through teaching, example, and discussion; (i) obeying God, prophets, parents, or commandments; and (j) putting faith or family ahead of personal or secular interests.
Macrophage heterogeneity in tissues: phenotypic diversity and functions

During development and throughout adult life, macrophages derived from hematopoietic progenitors are seeded throughout the body, initially in the absence of inflammatory and infectious stimuli as tissue‐resident cells, with enhanced recruitment, activation, and local proliferation following injury and pathologic insults. We have learned a great deal about macrophage properties ex vivo and in cell culture, but their phenotypic heterogeneity within different tissue microenvironments remains poorly characterized, although it contributes significantly to maintaining local and systemic homeostasis, pathogenesis, and possible treatment. In this review, we summarize the nature, functions, and interactions of tissue macrophage populations within their microenvironment and suggest questions for further investigation.
The State of Design Science Research within the BISE Community: An Empirical Investigation

The Business & Information Systems Engineering (BISE) community in the Germanspeaking countries has a long track record of publishing papers using design science research (DSR). However, the state of recent DSR within the BISE community is not well documented and the lessons learned can be useful for other communities. This paper investigates the use of DSR methodology by examining articles published in the BISE community’s primary outlets. We focus on understanding the artifacts created, the foundations for building these artifacts, and the evaluation methods used. The results reveal a) a broad view of foundations for DSR by incorporating artifacts that are used in practice, b) the focus on the organization as the unit of analysis, c) a pluralism of research methods that cater to the timeliness of problems addressed, and d) low level of theoretical underpinnings, thus lacking in DSR rigor aspects.
A Paternally Inherited BRCA1 Mutation Associated with an Unusual Aggressive Clinical Phenotype

This report highlights the necessity of genetic testing, at least for BRCA1 mutations, of young females diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer, even in the absence of or limited family history. A 34-year-old female with a locally advanced, triple negative tumour, which perforated the skin, is described. At the time of diagnosis, the patient had already multiple lung metastases and although chemotherapy was started immediately, she died with rapid systemic disease progression. The patient was found to carry the BRCA1 p.E1060X mutation, which is located on exon 11 of the gene. The high penetrance of BRCA1 gene is not represented in the patient's family, since the mutation was paternally inherited. It is evident that females belonging to small families, along with paternal inheritance of pathogenic BRCA mutations that predispose for breast cancer, in most cases will probably be genetically tested only after being diagnosed with cancer.
The Concept of Self in Korea: Indigenous, Cultural, and Psychological Analysis*

This study examines the concept of the self, using indigenous, cultural and psychological analysis. The self is viewed from four aspects: 1) concept of the self as an entity (the self in general, the self as an unique entity and the self when alone); 2) concept of the self in the context of family (the self when with one’s father, mother, children and spouse); 3) the self within the context of close and working relationships (the self when with friends, teachers, work superior and work subordinate); and 4) the self in the context of the larger society (the self when with strangers and foreigners). A total of 1,465 respondents (623 elementary, middle, high and university students and their parents=842) completed an open-ended questionnaire developed by the present authors. The results reveal two overall patterns of results. First, the concept of self in Korea is influenced by one’s role. Second, the concept of self is influenced by relationship and context, and there is an emphasis on the flexibility and adjustment of the self to relationship and context. Implications of the concept of the self in the context of relationships, roles, and contexts are discussed, along with the importance of indigenous, cultural, and psychological analysis.
Stock Price Forecasting via Sentiment Analysis on Twitter

Stock price forecasting is an important and thriving topic in financial engineering especially since new techniques and approaches on this matter are gaining ground constantly. In the contemporary era, the ceaseless use of social media has reached unprecedented levels, which has led to the belief that the expressed public sentiment could be correlated with the behavior of stock prices. The idea is to recognize patterns which confirm this correlation and use them to predict the future behavior of the various stock prices. With no doubt, though uninteresting individually, tweets can provide a satisfactory reflection of public sentiment when taken in aggregate. In this paper, we develop a system which collects past tweets, processes them further, and examines the effectiveness of various machine learning techniques such as Naive Bayes Bernoulli classification and Support Vector Machine (SVM), for providing a positive or negative sentiment on the tweet corpus. Subsequently, we employ the same machine learning algorithms to analyze how tweets correlate with stock market price behavior. Finally, we examine our prediction's error by comparing our algorithm's outcome with next day's actual close price. Overall, the ultimate goal of this project is to forecast how the market will behave in the future via sentiment analysis on a set of tweets over the past few days, as well as to examine if the theory of contrarian investing is applicable. The final results seem to be promising as we found correlation between sentiment of tweets and stock prices.
RATE LIMITING MECHANISM FOR WIRELESS MESH NETWORKS

In IEEE 802.11-based mesh networks, throughput distribution among nodes is not fair. The traffic originating from nodes that directly communicate with the gateway obtain higher throughput than all other traffic. Single-hop nodes fully utilize the gatewayâs resources, due to which all other nodes communicating with the same gateway will attain very little throughput. In this paper, we show that it is not just sufficient to rate limit the single-hop nodes in order to give transmission opportunities to all other nodes. If we just rate limit the single-hop nodes, it is not scalable to larger networks and it does not take load into consideration while allocating bandwidth. The present rate limiting mechanisms are also limited by single radio based nodes, our approach works well with multiple radio based wireless nodes also. We present our study with the help of two algorithms which remove the bias with the help of frequency based allocation and demand based allocation. Moreover, we use simulations to evaluate the proposed rate limiting mechanism.
Using greediness for parameterization: the case of max and min (k, n − k)-cut

MAX (k, n−k)-CUT (resp., MIN (k, n−k)-CUT) is a constrained version of MAX-CUT (resp.,MIN-CUT) where one has to find a bipartition of the vertex set into two subsets with respectively k and n − k vertices (n being the total number of vertices of the input graph) which maximizes (resp., minimizes) the number of edges going from one subset to the other. In this paper, we investigate the parameterized complexity of these two graph problems by considering several parameters, such as the value p of the solution, k, the size a of a minimum vertex cover and the treewidth tw of the input graph. We also give approximation schemata in FPT time for parameterizations which turn out to be W[1]-hard.
Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in human blood after in vitro treatment with chlorpyrifos, and its metabolites, in combination with endotoxin LPS and allergen Der p1

Exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides has been associated with respiratory symptoms and may be related to asthma; however, few studies have examined the molecular basis for these associations. Asthma and allergic disorders are characterized by elevated Th2 cytokines (IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13), whereas the chronic inflammatory response in asthmatic airways is maintained by Th1 cytokine IFN‐γ. The goal of this in vitro study was to examine the effects of OP chlorpyrifos (CPF), and its metabolites chlorpyrifos‐oxon (CPO) and 3,5,6‐trichloro‐2‐pyridinol (TCP), singly, and in combination with endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p1) allergen, on expression of IFN‐γ and IL‐4, Th1 and Th2 signature cytokines, respectively. Cytokine expression was measured by ELISA and flow cytometry. Human blood cultures were treated with CPF/CPO/TCP (1–1000 µg ml−1) and LPS (1.5–2.5 µg ml−1) or Der p1 (200 AU ml−1) and supernatants were collected at 48 h. Pesticides CPF, CPO and TCP did not induce cytokine expression in vitro, while LPS and Der p1 induced IFN‐γ and IL‐4 expression, respectively. Whole blood cultures treated with low doses of CPO (1 and 10 µg ml−1), in combination with LPS, expressed higher levels of IFN‐γ than LPS alone (P < 0.05). While CPO increased LPS‐dependent induction of IFN‐γ, CPO treatment did not alter Der p1 induction of IL‐4. The interaction between CPO and LPS, which results in an increased type 1 immune response, should be investigated further, particularly since the combination of OP pesticides and endotoxin is common in rural, agricultural communities. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Network anomaly detection approach based on frequent pattern mining technique

With the tremendous growth of shopping, banking, and other business transactions over computers network in the last two decades, The number of potential cyber-attacks by intruders has increased. Therefore the efforts are continually required in order to improve the effectiveness of detecting the network intruders. In this paper, a new network anomaly detection approach, which is based on outlier detection scheme, is presented. The frequent patterns are exploited for modeling the normal behavior of the traffic data and for calculating the deviation of the current traffic data points. The experimental results on KDD99 data set demonstrate the effectiveness of the propose approach in comparison with existing methods.
RSK Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression in Bone through ING3, CKAP2, and PTK6-Mediated Cell Survival

Prostate cancer has a proclivity to metastasize to bone. The mechanism by which prostate cancer cells are able to survive and progress in the bone microenvironment is not clear. Identification of molecules that play critical roles in the progression of prostate cancer in bone will provide essential targets for therapy. Ribosomal S6 protein kinases (RSK) have been shown to mediate many cellular functions critical for cancer progression. Whether RSK plays a role in the progression of prostate cancer in bone is unknown. IHC analysis of human prostate cancer specimens showed increased phosphorylation of RSK in the nucleus of prostate cancer cells in a significant fraction of human prostate cancer bone metastasis specimens, compared with the primary site or lymph node metastasis. Expression of constitutively active myristylated RSK in C4-2B4 cells (C4-2B4/RSK) increased their survival and anchorage-independent growth compared with C4-2B4/vector cells. Using an orthotopic bone injection model, it was determined that injecting C4-2B4/RSK cells into mouse femurs enhanced their progression in bone compared with control cells. In PC3-mm2 cells, knockdown of RSK1 (RPS6KA1), the predominant RSK isoform, but not RSK2 (RPS6KA2) alone, decreased anchorage-independent growth in vitro and reduced tumor progression in bone and tumor-induced bone remodeling in vivo. Mechanistic studies showed that RSK regulates anchorage-independent growth through transcriptional regulation of factors that modulate cell survival, including ING3, CKAP2, and PTK6. Together, these data provide strong evidence that RSK is an important driver in prostate cancer progression in bone. Implications: RSK, an important driver in prostate cancer progression in bone, has promising potential as a therapeutic target for prostate cancer bone metastasis. Mol Cancer Res; 13(2); 348–57. ©2014 AACR.
Corticofugal Gating of Auditory Information in the Thalamus: An In Vivo Intracellular Recording Study

In the present study, we investigated the auditory responses of the medial geniculate (MGB) neurons, through in vivo intracellular recordings of anesthetized guinea pigs, while the auditory cortex was electrically activated. Of the 63 neurons that received corticofugal modulation of the membrane potential, 30 received potentiation and 33 received hyperpolarization. The corticofugal potentiation of the membrane potential (amplitude, mean ± SD, 8.6 ± 5.5 mV; duration, 125.5 ± 75.4 msec) facilitated the auditory responses and spontaneous firing of the MGB neurons. The hyperpolarization of –11.3 ± 4.9 mV in amplitude and 210.0 ± 210.1 msec in duration suppressed the auditory responses and spontaneous firing of the MGB neurons. Four of the five neurons that were histologically confirmed to be located in the lemniscal MGB received corticofugal facilitatory modulation, and all of the four neurons that were confirmed to be located in the non-lemniscal MGB received corticofugal inhibitory modulation. The present intracellular recording provides novel results on how the corticofugal projection gates the sensory information in the thalamus: via the spatially selective depolarization of lemniscal MGB neurons and hyperpolarization of non-lemniscal MGB neurons. It is speculated that the systematic selectivity of facilitation and inhibition over the lemniscal and non-lemniscal MGB is related to the attention shift within the auditory modality and across the sensory modalities.
How liberal can nationalism be

Etude de la conception du nationalisme developpee par W. Kymlicka, M. Lind et Y. Tamir a partir d'une definition de la nation en terme de culture. Examinant la question d'un droit a la culture chez Tamir, les arguments en faveur de droits nationaux chez Kymlicka et la conception egalitariste du creuset culturel chez Lind, l'A. souligne la valeur de l'egalite dans la diversite et la necessite d'une unite sociale pour fonder le nationalisme liberal
Learning Social Circles in Ego Networks based on Multi-View Social Graphs

Automatic social circle detection in ego-networks is becoming a fundamentally important task for social network analysis, which can be used for privacy protection or interest group recommendation. So far, most studies focused on how to detect overlapping circles or how to perform detection using both network structure and its node profiles. This paper asks an orthogonal research question: how to detect social circles by leveraging the multiple views of the network structure? As a first step, we crawl ego networks from Twitter to construct multi-view social graphs with six views, including two relationship views, three interaction views and one content view. Then, we apply both standard and our modified multi-view spectral clustering methods on the graph to detect circles. Based on extensive automatic and manual evaluations, we deliver two major findings: first, multi-view clustering methods detect better circles than single-view clustering methods; second, by presuming the sparse social graphs are incomplete, our modified method detects better circles than the standard method that ignores such potential incompleteness. In particular, we believe a direct application of the standard method on a possibly incomplete graph may yield a biased result. By integrating theories from spectral clustering and matrix perturbation, we prove an information-theoretic upper bound for such bias and discuss how it may be affected by the characteristics of the social network.
Opposing actions of androgen and estrogen on in vitro firing frequency of neuronal oscillators in the electromotor system

The South American knifefish (Apteronotus leptorhynchus), or brown ghost, produces a high-frequency (600–1000 Hz) sinusoidal electric organ discharge (EOD) with males discharging at higher frequencies than females. In addition, each fish has a unique EOD frequency within the frequency range of its gender. The electromotor circuit responsible for EOD production consists of a medullary pacemaker nucleus (PMN) and spinal electromotor neurons (EMNs). In vitro spinal slice recording showed that, similar to the PMN, EMNs fire spontaneously at rates near the EOD frequency of each fish. The persistence of firing 2 weeks after high spinal transaction demonstrated that spontaneous firing rate was intrinsic to the EMNs and was not dependent on presynaptic input. We confirmed that 11-ketotestosterone (11 kT) raised and 17-beta-estradiol (E2) lowered the EOD frequency of intact fish. Because electromotor cells fire spontaneously near EOD, frequency, we investigated whether these steroids affect endogenous firing rates. Steroid implants were made in normal or spinally transected fish. Two weeks later, PMNs of normal fish and EMNs of transected fish were recorded in vitro. 11 kT increased and E2 decreased the intrinsic firing rate of neurons in the PMN and the EMNS. Hormones shifted the intrinsic firing rates of EMNS, although they were synaptically isolated during the hormone exposure.
Interpolatory Adaptive Subdivision for Mesh LOD Editing

We propose an adaptive interpolatory scheme for subdivided triangle meshes that is compliant with the modified butterfly subdivision and can be used effectively and efficiently in selective editing of meshes. Our scheme is developed upon the RGB subdivision, an adaptive scheme that is based on the factorization of the one-tofour triangle split pattern. We introduce the concept of topological angle and related operators to efficiently navigate and edit an adaptively subdivided mesh. On the basis of this new scheme, we present an interactive application that allows a user to freely edit the Level of Detail of a model starting at a base mesh.
Human primordial germ cell commitment in vitro associates with a unique PRDM14 expression profile

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) develop only into sperm and oocytes in vivo. The molecular mechanisms underlying human PGC specification are poorly understood due to inaccessibility of cell materials and lack of in vitro models for tracking the earliest stages of germ cell development. Here, we describe a defined and stepwise differentiation system for inducing pre‐migratory PGC‐like cells (PGCLCs) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). In response to cytokines, PSCs differentiate first into a heterogeneous mesoderm‐like cell population and then into PGCLCs, which exhibit minimal PRDM14 expression. PGC specification in humans is similar to the murine process, with the sequential activation of mesodermal and PGC genes, and the suppression of neural induction and of de novo DNA methylation, suggesting that human PGC formation is induced via epigenesis, the process of germ cell specification via inductive signals from surrounding somatic cells. This study demonstrates that PGC commitment in humans shares key features with that of the mouse, but also highlights key differences, including transcriptional regulation during the early stage of human PGC development (3–6 weeks). A more comprehensive understanding of human germ cell development may lead to methodology for successfully generating PSC‐derived gametes for reproductive medicine.
Durum Wheat Roots Adapt to Salinity Remodeling the Cellular Content of Nitrogen Metabolites and Sucrose

Plants are currently experiencing increasing salinity problems due to irrigation with brackish water. Moreover, in fields, roots can grow in soils which show spatial variation in water content and salt concentration, also because of the type of irrigation. Salinity impairs crop growth and productivity by inhibiting many physiological and metabolic processes, in particular nitrate uptake, translocation, and assimilation. Salinity determines an increase of sap osmolality from about 305 mOsmol kg−1 in control roots to about 530 mOsmol kg−1 in roots under salinity. Root cells adapt to salinity by sequestering sodium in the vacuole, as a cheap osmoticum, and showing a rearrangement of few nitrogen-containing metabolites and sucrose in the cytosol, both for osmotic adjustment and oxidative stress protection, thus providing plant viability even at low nitrate levels. Mainly glycine betaine and sucrose at low nitrate concentration, and glycine betaine, asparagine and proline at high nitrate levels can be assumed responsible for the osmotic adjustment of the cytosol, the assimilation of the excess of ammonium and the scavenging of ROS under salinity. High nitrate plants with half of the root system under salinity accumulate proline and glutamine in both control and salt stressed split roots, revealing that osmotic adjustment is not a regional effect in plants. The expression level and enzymatic activities of asparagine synthetase and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, as well as other enzymatic activities of nitrogen and carbon metabolism, are analyzed.