Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integration services for foreign scientific and academic staff in the Czech Republic

This study analyzes the status of integration services for foreign highly skilled staff at higher education and scientific institutions in the Czech Republic. This paper is relevant as it is essential to obtain data and information about services and possible barriers affecting the quality of life and professional experience with work migration to another country. The study conducted a survey and obtained feedback from 221 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed in SASD 1.4. 10. and SPSS. Moreover, the paper employed qualitative research in the form of open-ended questions processed by open coding in Atlas.ti 7.The analysis described the quality of the employer’s services, their offer, and frequency, as well as satisfaction with the work and social environment in the Czech Republic. Barriers to integration were identified; they include complicated administration, the need to learn the Czech language, and cultural and mental differences. Deficiencies in services for common life necessities were highlighted, e.g., provision of suitable accommodation, adequate school facilities for children, dual-career jobs, or medical treatment. The study resulted in the idea of the introduction of a service system, based on coordinated social services, for the reception of experts from abroad and better conditions for their integration. This system will increase the attractiveness of Czech institutions to the influx of brains from abroad. AcknowledgmentThe authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this paper.
Vibration isolation system with a compact damping system for power recycling mirrors of KAGRA

A vibration isolation system called the Type-Bp system used for power recycling mirrors has been developed for KAGRA, the interferometric gravitational-wave observatory in Japan. A suspension of the Type-Bp system passively isolates an optic from seismic vibration using three main pendulum stages equipped with two vertical vibration isolation systems. A compact reaction mass around each of the main stages allows for achieving sufficient damping performance with a simple feedback as well as vibration isolation ratio. Three Type-Bp systems were installed in KAGRA, and were proved to satisfy the requirements on the damping performance, and also on estimated residual displacement of the optics.
Gene expression data analysis for characterizing shared and type specific mechanisms of HCC and B-CLL [HCC ve B-CLL’in ortak ve tipe özgü

Background: Comparing gene expression profiles using gene expression datasets of different types of tumors is frequently used to identify molecular mechanisms of cancer. This study aimed to find shared and type specific gene expression profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Material and methods: Gene expression microarrays for HCC and B-CLL and RNA-sequencing expression data for liver HCC and lymphoid neoplasm diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBC) were analyzed and differentially expressed probe sets or genes for each cancer type were detected. Probe sets and genes that were shared or specifically expressed in both cancer types were identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) terms for Biological Process (BP) annotations were performed. Results: According to our analysis shared upregulated genes were mainly annotated in cell cycle processes. Some of the genes that changed only in HCC were annotated in cell cycle and metabolic processes, and some of the genes, altered only in B-CLL, were annotated in immune response and hemopoiesis. Conclusion: These results contribute to cancer research that aim to find the conserved gene expression profiles in different cancer types and widen the knowledge of HCC and B-CLL specific mechanisms.
Snorble: An Interactive Children Companion

This paper presents an interactive companion called Snorble, created to engage with children and promote the development of healthy habits under the Snorble project. Snorble is a smart companion capable of having a conversation with children, playing games, and helping them to go to sleep, all made possible thanks to speech recognition.
Hot One-Temperature Accretion Flows Around Black Holes

We describe hot, optically-thin solutions for one-temperature accretion disks around black holes. We include cooling by synchrotron, bremsstrahlung, and Comptonization. Our solutions are thermally and viscously stable, with gas temperatures on the order of $T \sim 10^9-10^{10.7}$K. The thermal stability is a direct result of the inclusion of synchrotron cooling. The new solution branch is related to the advection-dominated solution for a two-temperature gas described by Narayan \& Yi (1995b). It is present only for mass accretion rates less than some critical $\dot{M}_{crit}$ which depends on the radius $R$ and viscosity parameter $\alpha$. The solutions are advection-dominated for extremely low values of $\dot{M}$. However, for a range of intermediate accretion rates, the new solutions are both hot ($T \sim 10^{10}$K) and cooling-dominated. Because of this new feature, one-temperature solutions are significantly more luminous than the corresponding two temperature solutions. The radial profile of the new solutions is unusual. The inner parts of the flow are cooling-dominated and have a disk-like geometry, while the outer parts are fully advection-dominated and nearly quasi-spherical.
A 0535+26 in the August/September 2005 outburst observed by RXTE and INTEGRAL

Aims. In this Letter we present results from INTEGRAL and RXTE observations of the spectral and timing behavior of the High Mass X-ray Binary A 0535+26 during its August/September 2005 normal (type I) outburst with an average flux $F_{(5-100)}\,_{\mathrm{keV}} \sim400$ mCrab. The search for cyclotron resonance scattering features (fundamental and harmonic) is one major focus of the paper. Methods. Our analysis is based on data from INTEGRAL and RXTE Target of Opportunity Observations performed during the outburst. The pulse period is determined. X-ray pulse profiles in different energy ranges are analyzed. The broad band INTEGRAL and RXTE pulse phase averaged X-ray spectra are studied. The evolution of the fundamental cyclotron line at different luminosities is analyzed. Results. The pulse period P is measured to be 103.39315(5) s at MJD 53614.5137. Two absorption features are detected in the phase averaged spectra at $E_{1}\sim 45$ keV and $E_{2}\sim 100$ keV. These can be interpreted as the fundamental cyclotron resonance scattering feature and its first harmonic and therefore the magnetic field can be estimated to be $B\sim 4\times 10^{12}$ G.
Evolution of Rotating Accreting White Dwarfs and the Diversity of Type Ia Supernovae

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have relatively uniform light curves and spectral evolution, which make SNe Ia useful standard candles to determine cosmological parameters. However, the peak brightness is not completely uniform, and the origin of the diversity has not been clear. We examine whether the rotation of progenitor white dwarfs (WDs) can be the important source of the diversity of the brightnesses of SNe Ia. We calculate the structure of rotating WDs with an axisymmetric hydrostatic code. The diversity of the mass induced by the rotation is ~0.08 M☉ and is not enough to explain the diversity of luminosity. However, we found the following relation between the initial mass of the WDs and their final state; a WD of smaller initial mass will rotate more rapidly just before the supernova explosion than that of larger initial mass. This result might explain the dependence of SNe Ia on their host galaxies.
Investigation of Microbe and Host Tissue Interactions Contributing to the Pathogenesis of Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The pathogenesis of this disease can fall under broad categories; however, the specific precursory mechanism of CRC pathogenesis is still unknown. Dysregulations of the gut microbiome have been identified in the CRC tissue environment. Additionally, CRC tissue gene expression has been observed to differ from that of healthy tissue. Despite these noticeable changes, few studies have directly compared the microorganism composition to the gene expression of CRC tissue. Doing so may identify whether the differentially abundant microorganisms influence the changes in gene expression. The goal of this study is to utilize bioinformatics to identify enriched microorganism populations as well as differentially expressed genes within CRC tissue samples to explore the potential interactions leading to disease pathogenesis. The results of this study found that populations of toxin-producing bacteria as well as oral bacteria are present within the CRC tissue environment. Additionally, changes in gene expression suggest that these bacteria may be causing an inflammatory immune response, which could catalyze tumorigenesis.
Monte Carlo evaluation of a fermion-number-violating observable in 2D

We describe in some detail a computer evaluation of a {close_quote}t Hooft vertex in a two-dimensional model using the overlap. The computer result agrees with the known exact continuum value, and in this sense our work is the first successful fully dynamical simulation of a chiral gauge theory on the lattice. We add some new data to numbers obtained earlier and provide a self-contained description which should make it easy for others to reproduce and follow up on our work. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Facial recognition using composite correlation filters designed with multiobjective combinatorial optimization

Facial recognition is a difficult task due to variations in pose and facial expressions, as well as presence of noise and clutter in captured face images. In this work, we address facial recognition by means of composite correlation filters designed with multi-objective combinatorial optimization. Given a large set of available face images having variations in pose, gesticulations, and global illumination, a proposed algorithm synthesizes composite correlation filters by optimization of several performance criteria. The resultant filters are able to reliably detect and correctly classify face images of different subjects even when they are corrupted with additive noise and nonhomogeneous illumination. Computer simulation results obtained with the proposed approach are presented and discussed in terms of efficiency in face detection and reliability of facial classification. These results are also compared with those obtained with existing composite filters.
Ferromagnetic resonance linewidths in ultrathin structures : A theoretical study of spin pumping

We present theoretical studies of the spin pumping contribution to the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth for various ultrathin film ferromagnetic structures. We consider the isolated film on a substrate, with Fe on Au(100) and Fe on W(110) as examples. We explore as well the linewidth from this mechanism for the optical and acoustical collective modes of FM/Cu$_{\rm N}$/FM/Cu(100) structures. The calculations employ a realistic electronic structure, with self consistent ground states generated from the empirical tight binding method, with nine bands for each material in the structure. The spin excitations are generated through use of the random phase approximation applied to the system, including the semi infinite substrate on which the structure is grown. We calculate the frequency response of the system directly by examining the spectral density associated with collective modes whose wave vector parallel to the surface is zero. Linewidths with origin in leakage of spin angular momentum from the adsorbed structure to the semi infinite substrate may be extracted from these results. We discuss a number of issues, including the relationship between the interfilm coupling calculated adiabatically for trilayers, and that extracted from the (dynamical) spin wave spectrum. We obtain excellent agreement with experimental data, within the framework of calculations with no adjustable parameters.
Solar wind proton deposition into the Martian atmosphere

The direct impact of solar wind H+ with the planet Mars is calculated using a three-dimensional hybrid particle code. The simulation results show a strong dependence on solar wind velocity and interplanetary magnetic field angle with the solar wind velocity vector. The energy fluxes calculated approach the solar EUV heating rates from photoelectrons and are found to be asymmetric. The heating is also found on the nightside of the planet due to the large ion gyroradii of the incoming solar wind protons. The percentage of solar wind protons lost to the surface of simulation ranged from 3% to 28% depending on the ram presssure of the solar wind. Finally, these results support earlier suggestions that the solar wind may be a significant source of He in the atmosphere of Mars.
Recurrence risk prediction of acute coronary syndrome per patient as a personalized ACS recurrence risk: a retrospective study

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has been one of the most important issues in global public health. The high recurrence risk of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) has led to the importance of post-discharge care and secondary prevention of CHD. Previous studies provided binary results of ACS recurrence risk; however, studies providing the recurrence risk of an individual patient are rare. In this study, we conducted a model which provides the recurrence risk probability for each patient, along with the binary result, with two datasets from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service and Chungbuk National University Hospital. The total data of 6,535 patients who had been diagnosed with ACS were used to build a machine learning model by using logistic regression. Data including age, gender, procedure codes, procedure reason, prescription drug codes, and condition codes were used as the model predictors. The model performance showed 0.893, 0.894, 0.851, 0.869, and 0.921 for accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC, respectively. Our model provides the ACS recurrence probability of each patient as a personalized ACS recurrence risk, which may help motivate the patient to reduce their own ACS recurrence risk. The model also shows that acute transmural myocardial infarction of an unspecified site, and other sites and acute transmural myocardial infarction of an unspecified site contributed most significantly to ACS recurrence with an odds ratio of 97.908 as a procedure reason code and with an odds ratio of 58.215 as a condition code, respectively.
A 'New Formula' to Provide the Compatibility between the Special Theory of Relativity (STR), Black Holes and Strings

This paper describes a 'New Formula' in place of Einstein's Famous Formula (EFF) to provide the compatibility between the Special Theory of Relativity (STR), black holes and strings. The 'New Formula' can also predict and describe the space-time singularities without the distribution of mass and energy. According to the 'New Formula', any particle can reach to and exceed the speed of light. The EFF is only valid and applicable in the vacuum (the mediums which have low current density: outside string, outside black hole), but is not valid and applicable for inside string and inside black hole including space-time singularities. However, the 'New Formula' is valid and applicable in all mediums including inside string and inside black hole.
Facilitating Children’s Club-Organized Sports Participation: Person–Environment Misfits Experienced by Parents from Low-Income Families

Despite the many benefits of club-organized sports participation for children, studies have shown that sports participation is lower among children from low-income families than among children from middle- or high-income families. Adopting a socioecological perspective, the main aim of our study was to identify and describe experiences of person–environment (PE) misfits in relation to parental facilitation of children’s sports participation. We conducted 24 interviews with parents from low-income families. PE misfits were found in multiple behaviors related to the facilitation of children’s sports participation: financing sports participation; planning and investing time; transporting children; acquiring, processing, and providing information; and arranging support. Across these PE misfits, influential attributes were found on the individual level (e.g., skills) as well as within the social, policy, physical, and information environment. In response to PE misfits experienced, parents deployed multiple strategies to reduce these PE misfits, aimed at enhancing either themselves (e.g., increasing financial capacities) or their environments (e.g., arranging social support). These results provide an insight into experienced PE misfits that took the form of multiple specific behaviors which parents found difficult while facilitating their children’s sports participation. Furthermore, the results provide insight into the environmental and individual attributes that were involved in these PE misfits, and into how parents modified themselves or their environments in order to make their environments more supportive. The study contributes to future research on individual and environmental influences on parental facilitation of their children’s sports participation, as well as on the development of multilevel interventions aimed at increasing sports participation among children from low-income families.
Striped anyonic fluids

The choice of statistics for a quantum particle is almost always a discrete one: either bosonic or fermionic. Anyons are the exceptional case for which the statistics can take a range of intermediate values. Holography provides an opportunity to address the question of how the behavior of interacting anyons depends on the choice of statistics. In this paper, we analyze the spectrum of a strongly coupled, gapless fluid of anyons described holographically by the D3-D7' model with alternative boundary conditions. We investigate how these alternative boundary conditions impact the instability of the gapless homogeneous phase toward the formation of spatial order. In addition, we also show that for a particular, limiting choice of the alternative boundary conditions, this holographic system can be interpreted as describing strongly coupled ($2+1$)-dimensional QED. In this case, the instability leads to a spontaneous, spatially modulated magnetic field.
Firm performance and R&D cooperation: what matters?

ABSTRACT In this paper we analyze whether R&D cooperation improves firms' performance, and which variables would boost R&D cooperation the most. We contribute to the literature linking two different branches: using a sample of Italians firms, we analyze which are the main determinants of R&D cooperation and whether R&D cooperation improves firms' performance. Thus, we conduct a two-step analysis: in the first step we investigate the significant determinants of cooperation, and in the second we employ these determinants to test the effect of R&D cooperation on firm performance, measured by ROA, Ebitda, and value added per capita. The analysis focuses on four relevant disaggregations: (i) small, medium, and large firms; (ii) Pavitt (1984. “Sectoral Patterns of Technical Change: Towards a Taxonomy and a Theory.” Research Policy 13 (6): 343–373) sectors; (iii) location (North, and Center-South); and (iv) public and private partners. Although the determinants of cooperation can vary depending on the type of disaggregation, we find that R&D cooperation always boosts firm performance, that is, on average, profitability and productivity are higher among cooperating firms compared to those that do not cooperate. Identifying the determinants of cooperation allows management and policymakers to understand which strategies should be implemented to stimulate cooperation and, consequently, to improve firms' performance.
Combined Gaussian Local Search and Enhanced Comprehensive Learning PSO Algorithm for Size and Shape Optimization of Truss Structures

This paper proposes the use of enhanced comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (ECLPSO), combined with a Gaussian local search (GLS) technique, for the simultaneous optimal size and shape design of truss structures under applied forces and design constraints. The ECLPSO approach presents two novel enhancing techniques, namely perturbation-based exploitation and adaptive learning probability, in addition to its distinctive diversity of particles. This prevents the premature convergence of local optimal solutions. In essence, the perturbation enables the robust exploitation in the updating velocity of particles, whilst the learning probabilities are dynamically adjusted by ranking information on the personal best particles. Based on the results given by ECLPSO, the GLS technique takes data from the global best particle and personal best particles in the last iteration to generate samples from a Gaussian distribution to improve convergence precision. A combination of these techniques results in the fast convergence and likelihood to obtain the optimal solution. Applications of the combined GLS-ECLPSO method are illustrated through several successfully solved truss examples in two- and three-dimensional spaces. The robustness and accuracy of the proposed scheme are illustrated through comparisons with available benchmarks processed by other meta-heuristic algorithms. All examples show simultaneous optimal size and shape distributions of truss structures complying with limit state design specifications.
Results from EDGES High-band. I. Constraints on Phenomenological Models for the Global 21 cm Signal

We report constraints on the global 21 cm signal due to neutral hydrogen at redshifts 14.8 ≥ z ≥ 6.5 . We derive our constraints from low-foreground observations of the average sky brightness spectrum conducted with the EDGES High-band instrument between 2015 September 7 and October 26. Observations were calibrated by accounting for the effects of antenna beam chromaticity, antenna and ground losses, signal reflections, and receiver parameters. We evaluate the consistency between the spectrum and phenomenological models for the global 21 cm signal. For tanh-based representations of the ionization history during the epoch of reionization, we rule out, at ≥ 2 σ significance, models with duration of up to Δ z = 1 at z ≈ 8.5 and higher than Δ z = 0.4 across most of the observed redshift range under the usual assumption that the 21 cm spin temperature is much larger than the temperature of the cosmic microwave background during reionization. We also investigate a “cold” intergalactic medium (IGM) scenario that assumes perfect Lyα coupling of the 21 cm spin temperature to the temperature of the IGM, but that the latter is not heated by early stars or stellar remants. Under this assumption, we reject tanh-based reionization models of duration Δ z ≲ 2 over most of the observed redshift range. Finally, we explore and reject a broad range of Gaussian models for the 21 cm absorption feature expected in the First Light era. As an example, we reject 100 mK Gaussians with duration (full width at half maximum) Δ z ≤ 4 over the range 14.2 ≥ z ≥ 6.5 at ≥ 2 σ significance.