Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting T-junctions for depth segregation in single images

Occlusion is one of the major consequences of the physical image generation process: it occurs when an opaque object partly obscures the view of another object further away from the viewpoint. Local signatures of occlusion in the projected image plane are T-shaped junctions. They represent, in some sense, one of the most primitive depth information. In this paper, we investigate the usefulness of T-junctions for depth segregation in single images. Our strategy consists in incorporating ordering information provided by T-junctions into a region merging algorithm and then reasoning about the depth relations between the regions of the final partition using a graph model. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
High-Concentration Ether Electrolytes for Stable High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries

High-voltage (>4.3 V) rechargeable lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) face huge obstacles due to the high reactivity of Li metal with traditional electrolytes. Despite their good stability with Li metal, conventional ether-based electrolytes are typically used only in <4.0 V LMBs because of their limited oxidation stability. Here we report high-concentration ether electrolytes that can induce the formation of a unique cathode electrolyte interphase via the synergy between the salt and the ether solvent, which effectively stabilizes the catalytically active cathodes and preserves their structural integrity under high voltages. Eventually, LMBs can retain 92% capacity after 500 cycles at 4.3 V with very limited Li consumption. More importantly, such ether electrolytes enable stable battery cycling not only under voltages as high as 4.5 V but also on highly demanding Ni-rich layered cathodes. These findings significantly expand knowledge of ether electrolytes and provide new perspectives of electrolyte desi.
The Vital Capacity Is Vital: Epidemiology and Clinical Significance of the Restrictive Spirometry Pattern.

Epidemiologic research has revealed a substantial portion of the general population with abnormal spirometry results that are characterized by decreased FEV1 and FVC but a preserved FEV1/FVC ratio. This restrictive spirometry pattern (RSP) is inconsistently defined in the literature and not well addressed by current guidelines; there is an accumulating body of evidence, however, that RSP is prevalent to a similar degree as airflow obstruction. Genetic and other risk factors for RSP, such as inhalational injuries and early life exposures, continue to be actively described. Although it seems that RSP is closely associated with the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and systemic inflammation, it is not a simple marker of obesity. RSP is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, as well as mortality, and it may be an underappreciated cause of functional impairments and respiratory symptoms. Improvement in outcomes in this population will require that clinicians have an appreciation for the significance of this spirometry pattern; additional research into the clinical and radiologic phenotype of these subjects is also needed. This article provides an overview of the recent developments in our understanding of this prevalent and highly morbid spirometry pattern.
The Parenting Practices and Child Social Emotional Outcomes of Korean Immigrant Mothers with Different Acculturation Strategies

미국의 한국계 이민가정이 해마다 증가하고 있으나 부모의 문화적응과 자녀양육에 관한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구는 미국 동부지역의 88명의 한인 이민어머니와(M=35.9세 SD=3.77) 2-6세 유아를(M=4.29세 SD=1.06; 49.4% 여아) 대상으로 실시되었다. 어머니의 문화적응 유형에 따라 1) 양육실제에 어떠한 차이가 있는지, 2) 유아의 사회ᆞ정서적 행동에는 어떠한 차이가 있는지, 3) 양 육실제와 아동의 사회ᆞ정서적 행동 간에 어떠한 상관이 있는지를 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 한국과 미국문화를 균형지게 통합한 어머니들이 미국문화에서 고립되거나, 두 문화에서 모두 소외된 어머 니들보다 자녀에게 더욱 긍정적인(애정표현, 합리적 문제해결, 자율성 격려) 양육실제를 사용하였으 며 자녀들 또한 정서적 문제행동은 적은 반면 친사회적 행동은 높은 것으로 나타났다.
Left ventricular remodelling and torsional dynamics in dilated cardiomyopathy: reversed apical rotation as a marker of disease severity

Decreased left ventricular (LV) rotation and torsion and even reversed systolic apical rotation have been described in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We sought to test in patients with DCM whether reversed apical rotation with loss of LV torsion is related to the extent of LV remodelling and to the severity of LV dysfunction.
Distributed coverage control for mobile sensors with location-dependent sensing models

This paper addresses the problem of coverage control of a network of mobile sensors. In the current literature, this is commonly formulated as a locational optimization problem under the assumption that sensing performance is independent of the locations of sensors. We extend this work to a more general framework where the sensor model is location-dependent. We propose a distributed control law and coordination algorithm. If the global sensing performance function is known a priori, we prove that the algorithm is guaranteed to converge. To validate this algorithm, we conduct experiments with indoor and outdoor deployments of Cyclops cameras and model its sensing performance. This model is used to simulate deployments on 1D pathways and study the coverage obtained. We also examine the coverage in the case when the global sensing function is not known and is estimated in an online fashion.
A Dynamic Window Control Method of Grid Middleware for Volume Data Transfer to Make the Best Use of Reservation Bandwidth

Applications, such as grid computing, process their data over wide-area networks. The schedule of these applications is influenced by the duration of data transfer. Guaranteeing the performance of data transfer is helpful to optimize the schedule of these applications. Diffserv AF is an efficient QoS control method to guarantee the duration of data transfer, but the resource is limited in many network environments. Conventional data transfer methods require much greater network resource than the target rate of data transfer, or it is hard to implement their algorithms into applications. We propose a data transfer middleware that is easy to use and improve the utilization of network bandwidth using plugin for Linux kernel. We evaluate the performance of the algorithm of our middleware with simulation. The algorithm of our middleware requires much smaller network bandwidth to guarantee the duration of data transfer.
Group Incentives versus Individual Incentives in Knowledge Management System

The existence of an optimal level of knowledge sharing has often been identified as a prime antecedent of effective knowledge management. Organizations often devote much effort towards ensuring an adequate level of knowledge sharing between members of their organization, and tend to rely on incentive systems, also referred to as ‘extrinsic benefits’, to encourage this. While developing incentives is widely used as a strategy to encourage employees to share knowledge, this approach has its potential pitfalls. It may lead to intense competition between members of the same organization, consequently undermine spirit de corps, and thus serve to diminish both knowledge sharing and organizational learning. This study examines whether the cultivation of a collective climate is at odds with the implementation of an incentive system.
Evaluation of memory in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy

Abstract Aim and Background: Evaluation of cognition is fundamental for every comprehensive epilepsy program. We sought to conduct this study to assess memory state of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy before decision for epilepsy surgery. Method and Materials: In a case-control study, 20 patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy and 20 patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy were selected using convenience sampling in Kashani hospital, Iran and 20 normal person as a control group were randomly selected; the Wechsler Memory Scale was administered to them. The results were analyzed using multivariate analysis. Findings: In mental control, logical memory, digit span and visual memory subscales, significant differences were obtained between right-left temporal lobe epilepsy and control group (P < 0.001). However there was not a statistically difference between right lobe temporal epilepsy and left temporal lobe epilepsy in 7 subscales. Conclusions: Our findings indicated the ability of Wechsler Memory Scale to differentiate temporal lobe epilepsy. Keywords: Verbal memory, non-verbal memory, refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, Wechsler Memory Scale.
Unsaturation mathematical model of contaminant transport of landfill leachate and simulation

Based on theory of seepage and solute transport, dynamic coupling model of unsaturation water flow and solute transport is established. The established model is used to model study contaminant transport law in two different penetrability soil under the circumstance of continuous and break pollution source, on the basis of sorption, desorption and biodegradation in soil and water environment. The result reflects contaminant transport law truly, and proves validity of this model. The model provides the theoretical basis for quantitatively predicting space-time distribution of contaminant in landfill soil.
Economics of malware: Epidemic risks model, network externalities and incentives

Malicious softwares or malwares for short have become a major security threat. While originating in criminal behavior, their impact are also influenced by the decisions of legitimate end users. Getting agents in the Internet, and in networks in general, to invest in and deploy security features and protocols is a challenge, in particular because of economic reasons arising from the presence of network externalities. Our goal in this paper is to model and quantify the impact of such externalities on the investment in security features in a network. We study a network of interconnected agents, which are subject to epidemic risks such as those caused by propagating viruses and worms. Each agent can decide whether or not to invest some amount to self-protect and deploy security solutions which decreases the probability of contagion. Borrowing ideas from random graphs theory, we solve explicitly this 'micro'-model and compute the fulfilled expectations equilibria. We are able to compute the network externalities as a function of the parameters of the epidemic. We show that the network externalities have a public part and a private one. As a result of this separation, some counter-intuitive phenomena can occur: there are situations where the incentive to invest in self-protection decreases as the fraction of the population investing in self-protection increases. In a situation where the protection is strong and ensures that the protected agent cannot be harmed by the decision of others, we show that the situation is similar to a free-rider problem. In a situation where the protection is weaker, then we show that the network can exhibit critical mass. We also look at interaction with the security supplier. In the case where security is provided by a monopolist, we show that the monopolist is taking advantage of these positive network externalities by providing a low quality protection.
Magnetic resonance hybridization and optical activity of microwaves in a chiral metamaterial

The propagation of microwaves through a chiral metamaterial based on a magnetic dimer is experimentally studied. As proposed by our previous theoretical model, two resonance peaks are obtained in the transmission spectrum; these originate from the hybridization effect of magnetic resonance modes in this system. Optical activity is also observed in the transmission wave. The polarization state dramatically changes around the resonance frequency: the transmitted wave becomes elliptically polarized with its major polarization axis approximately perpendicular to that of the linear incident wave. This coupled magnetic dimer system provides a practical method to optically design tunable active medium and device.
Lipid biosynthesis.

Lipids are an essential constituent of all plant cells. The vegetative cells of plants contain -5 to 10% lipid by dry weight, and almost all of this weight is found in the membranes. Although each square centimeter of a plant leaf may contain only 0.2 mg of lipid, this amount can account for -400 cm2 of membrane, reflecting the fact that membrane lipids are arranged in layers just two molecules thick (5 to 8 nm). If a leaf mesophyll cell were expanded a million times, the membranes would still be less than 1 cm thick. Despite their slight dimensions, however, the lipid membranes are the major barriers that delineate the cell and its compartments, and they form the sites where many essential processes occur, including the light harvesting and electron transport reactions of photosynthesis. Some plant cells produce much more lipid than does a leaf mesophyll cell. Lipids are the major form of carbon storage in the seeds of many plant species, constituting up to . u6O% of the dry weight of such seeds. Epidermal cells produce cuticular lipids that coat the surface of plants, providing the crucial hydrophobic barrier that prevents water loss and also forming a protection against pathogens and other environmental stresses. In addition to the abundant cellular lipids, minor amounts of fatty acids are important as precursors to the hormone jasmonic acid and in acylation of certain membrane proteins. Unlike the other major constituents of plants (proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids), lipids are defined on the basis of their physical properties rather than their common chemical structure. Thus, lipids are often loosely defined as those compounds that are insoluble in water and that can be extracted from cells by nonpolar organic solvents (such as chloroform). As such, this class of compound is extremely diverse in structure and actually constitutes the products of severa1 distinct biosynthetic pathways. The most abundant types of lipid in most cells, however, are those that derive from the fatty acid and glycerolipid biosynthetic pathway, and these lipids constitute the major subject of this article. Other recent reviews include Ohlrogge et al. (1993b), Kinney (1994), Miquel and Browse (1994), and Topfer et al. (1995). Other classes of lipid include many types of compounds derived from the isoprenoid pathway. Over 25,000 different isoprenoid-derived compounds have been described in the
Aseismic slip and seismogenic coupling along the central San Andreas Fault

We use high‐resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar‐ and GPS‐derived observations of surface displacements to derive the first probabilistic estimates of fault coupling along the creeping section of the San Andreas Fault, in between the terminations of the 1857 and 1906 magnitude 7.9 earthquakes. Using a fully Bayesian approach enables unequaled resolution and allows us to infer a high probability of significant fault locking along the creeping section. The inferred discreet locked asperities are consistent with evidence for magnitude 6+ earthquakes over the past century in this area and may be associated with the initiation phase of the 1857 earthquake. As creeping segments may be related to the initiation and termination of seismic ruptures, such distribution of locked and creeping asperities highlights the central role of the creeping section on the occurrence of major earthquakes along the San Andreas Fault.
A Materialized View Approach to Support Aggregation Operations over Long Periods in Sensor Networks

The increasing interest on processing data created by sensor networks has evolved into approaches to implement sensor networks as databases. The aggregation operator, which calculates a value from a large group of data such as computing averages or sums, etc. is an essential function that needs to be provided when implementing such sensor network databases. This work proposes to add the DURING clause into TinySQL to calculate values during a specific long period and suggests a way to implement the aggregation service in sensor networks by applying materialized view and incremental view maintenance techniques that is used in data warehouses. In sensor networks, data values are passed from child nodes to parent nodes and an aggregation value is computed at the root node. As such root nodes need to be memory efficient and low powered, it becomes a problem to recompute aggregate values from all past and current data. Therefore, applying incremental view maintenance techniques can reduce the memory consumption and support fast computation of aggregate values. Keywords—Aggregation, Incremental View Maintenance, Materialized view, Sensor Network.
Contradiction-focused qualitative evaluation of textual entailment

In this paper we investigate the relation between positive and negative pairs in Textual Entailment (TE), in order to highlight the role of contradiction in TE datasets. We base our analysis on the decomposition of Text-Hypothesis pairs into monothematic pairs, i.e. pairs where only one linguistic phenomenon at a time is responsible for entailment judgment and we argue that such a deeper inspection of the linguistic phenomena behind textual entailment is necessary in order to highlight the role of contradiction. We support our analysis with a number of empirical experiments, which use current available TE systems.
Determination of CYP2D6 *3, *4, and *10 frequency in women with breast cancer in São Luís, Brazil, and its association with prognostic factors and disease-free survival

The CYP2D6 enzyme is crucial for the metabolism of tamoxifen. The CYP2D6 gene is highly polymorphic, and individuals can be extensive, intermediate, or poor tamoxifen metabolizers. The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies of the CYP2D6 *3, *4, and *10 alleles in women with breast cancer who were treated with tamoxifen and analyze the association of enzyme activity with prognostic factors and disease-free survival. We observed a high frequency of CYP2D6 *10, with an allelic frequency of 0.14 (14.4%). The *3 allele was not present in the studied population, and *4 had an allelic frequency of 0.13 (13.8%). We conclude that patients with reduced CYP2D6 activity did not present worse tumor characteristics or decreased disease-free survival than women with normal enzyme activity, as the difference was not statistically significant. We also observed a high frequency of CYP2D6 *10, which had not been previously described in this specific population. This study is the first in north-northeastern Brazil that aimed to contribute to the knowledge of the Brazilian regional profile for CYP2D6 polymorphisms and their phenotypes. These findings add to the knowledge of the distribution of different polymorphic CYP2D6 alleles and the potential role of CYP2D6 genotyping in clinical practice prior to choosing therapeutic protocols.
The form and function of post-conflict interactions between female baboons

In many primate species, former opponents engage in friendly behaviours after aggressive conflicts. These kinds of interactions are labelled reconciliation because they are thought to repair relationships damaged by conflicts and help to preserve group cohesion. This study assessed the form and function of reconciliation between free-ranging female baboons, Papio cynocephalus ursinus ,i n the Okavango Delta of Botswana. The rate of interaction between former opponents was higher during the minutes that followed conflicts than in the days that preceded or followed conflicts. Baboons reconciled vocally, grunting quietly to their former opponents after conflicts ended. Grunts after conflicts facilitated infant handling. Females were particularly likely to reconcile with high- ranking opponents, the mothers of young infants and related mothers of older infants. Reconciliation had no consistent eVect upon the rate of interactions during the days that followed conflicts. This study is the first to demonstrate that primates reconcile vocally and the first to assess the long-term consequences of reconcilation in a naturalistic setting. 1996 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour
Decision Support System for the Stock Market using Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence

stock market is a complex, non-stationary and chaotic dynamic system. It is a popular investment platform that appeals to a wide variety of masses. While the stock market remains a significant way to earn profit, it is often considered one of the most risky forms of investment due to the underlying nature of the financial domain and a host of various factors that often elude the attention of naive investors. The stock market is a hostile environment that demands undivided attention to the events that transpire throughout the day along with a certain consideration to the effects of the past and the implications on the future. Hence, many investors, face (or stand a risk) of failure on a daily basis. Therefore, the need of the hour is a Decision Support System (DSS) that takes into account market trends, financial analysis and strategies to identify the best time to purchase stocks and the actual stocks to purchase. This paper highlights the above concerns regarding the volatile stock market and discusses the implementation of a DSS taking into account the modern and sophisticated techniques of Data Analytics like Clustering and forecasting models like Holt-Winters. Also, the DSS uses popular supervised learning algorithm used extensively in machine learning and Artificial Intelligence, the Perceptron. While the data analytics form the initial stage of the DSS, the decision-making will be aided by the Perceptron, which would consider the results of the aforementioned analysis and various local stock market parameters and a host of statistical concepts. This will culminate in a comprehensive DSS that will assist the potential investors in the most important aspect of success in the stock market i.e. decision-making.
Age and sex differences in values toward physical handicaps.

The values toward various disabilities of children from kindergarten through high school and of their parents were studied. Pictures of a child with various physical handicaps were used to develop a preference ranking method. It was shown that values toward disability gradually change with increasing age, until by the twelfth grade values of boys and girls closely resemble those of parents of the same sex. Older females conform more to their peer values than older males. Consistent sex differences are found in preference ranking of cosmetic and functional handicaps and in the percentage of highest preference for the child without a handicap. Inferences about the mechanisms involved in the learning of values toward disability are discussed.
The RFID Technology for Neurosciences: Feasibility of Limbs' Monitoring in Sleep Diseases

This contribution investigates the feasibility of the passive UHF RF identification technology for the wireless monitoring of human body movements in some common sleep disorders by means of passive tags equipped with inertial switches. Electromagnetic and mechanical models as well as preliminary experimentations are introduced to analyze all the significant issues concerning the required power, the tag antenna design, the read distance, and the expected biosignals collected by the interrogation device.