Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
C Automate the Analysis of Online Underground Market

- In the underground market for cyber-criminals, forums are extensively utilized to establish trade relationships and facilitate the exchange of various illegal items, resources, and crime-related services. Consequently, these underground forums contain a wealth of crucial resources for comprehending cybercrime. Given the significant role played by underground forums in the cybercrime ecosystem, analyzing these forums can yield valuable insights into cybercriminal activities. In this study, we focus on addressing three specific issues by utilizing data collected from two distinct underground forums: BlackHat World and HackForums. These issues include: (1) Identifying the product categories by extracting information from post titles. (2) Determining the economic model of the products and calculating their revenue. (3) Assessing the trustworthiness of sellers.
UvA-DARE (

—In this study we investigate which factors affect the degree of non-native accent of L2 speakers of English who learned English in school and mostly lived for some time in an anglophone setting. We use data from the Speech Accent Archive containing over 700 speakers speaking almost 160 different native languages. We show that besides several important predictors, including the age of English onset and length of anglophone residence, the linguistic distance between the speaker’s native language and English is a signiﬁcant predictor of the degree of non-native accent in pronunciation. This study extends an earlier study [1] which only focused on Indo-European L2 learners of Dutch and used a general speaking proﬁciency measure.
Comparing Gesture and Touch for Notification System Interactions

We explore some of the characteristics of multimodal input interaction spaces for notification systems within a multi-tasking environment like a command and control center using two promising interaction methods: gestures and touch based input through a laboratory experiment comparing both techniques. Results of our study suggest that gestures are better suited for multi-tasking situations because they are less interruptive than touch interaction to users' primary tasks and are subjectively preferred by users in certain situations.
pp60c-src Activation in gastric carcinoma: a preliminary study

TO THE EDITOR: Gastric carcinoma is the most common malignancy in Japan. Although some genes such as the protooncoge c-erbB2, K-sam, K-ras, and c-met are overexpressed in gastric carcinoma (1), little is known about molecular events leading to malignant transformation of gastric epithelia. The protooncogene product pp60 c-src is the cellular homolog of the Rous sarcoma transforming gene, v-src (2). Both c-src and v-src encode 60 kDa membrane–associated protein tyrosine kinases. For pp60 , a close correlation exists between elevated activity of tyrosine kinase and cell transformation (3). To be sure, we know that pp60 c-src
International ASAS consensus statement for the use of anti-tumour necrosis factor agents in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Objective: To obtain an international consensus about the use of anti-tumour necrosis factor α (anti-TNFα) for treating patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: These recommendations were developed by a review of published reports in combination with expert opinion, including a Delphi exercise, and a consensus meeting of the ASsessments in AS (ASAS) Working Group. Results: The final consensus comprises the following requirements: (1) For the initiation of anti-TNFα therapy: (a) a diagnosis of definitive AS; (b) presence of active disease for at least four weeks as defined by both a sustained Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) of at least 4 and an expert opinion based on clinical features, acute phase reactants, and imaging modalities; (c) presence of refractory disease defined by failure of at least two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during a single three month period, failure of intra-articular steroids if indicated, and failure of sulfasalazine in patients with peripheral arthritis; (d) application and implementation of the usual precautions and contraindications for biological therapy. (2) For the monitoring of anti-TNFα therapy: both the BASDAI and the ASAS core set for clinical practice should be followed regularly. (3) For the discontinuation of anti-TNFα therapy: in non-responders, consideration should be made after 6–12 weeks’ treatment. Response is defined as improvement of (a) at least 50% or 2 units (on a 0–10 scale) of the BASDAI, (b) expert opinion that treatment should be continued. Conclusion: This consensus statement on anti-TNFα treatment in AS may be used for guidance in clinical decision making and as the basis for the development of guidelines. Evaluation of the healthcare consequences of this consensus is subject to further research by the ASAS group.
Tools for monitoring software quality in information systems development and maintenance: five key challenges and a design proposal

: As software grows in size and complexity, organizations increasingly apply tools to automatically assess software quality of information systems during development and maintenance. Software quality assessment tools (SWQAT) promise fast and actionable insights into the technical state of software through various quality characteristics, such as maintainability, reliability, or security. These tools have been used to support a wide variety of Information Technology (IT) project management decisions related to system development, contract negotiations, project terminations, and even settling legal disputes between suppliers and clients. However, despite their rising importance, questions regarding how they function and how reliable they are to support decision-making have so far escaped scholarly attention. This paper conducts an evaluation of widely used SWQATs and analyzes how they rate the quality of software systems of varying sizes, functionalities, and programming languages. Our results reveal five key challenges for using SWQATs in IT projects. To address these challenges, we propose a design for tailorable SWQATs that allows for more conscious and prudent software quality assessments that better reflect the socio-technical aspect of software systems and the context-specific nature of software quality.
Chronic kidney disease elicits excessive increase in left ventricular mass growth in patients at increased risk for cardiovascular events

Background The hemodynamic alterations induced by the impairment of renal function explain only in part the development of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), who are theoretically exposed to an inappropriate high growth of left ventricular mass (iLVM) due to the activation of neuro-hormonal stressors. Few data are available on the relations between iLVM and renal function. Study design and measurements Three hundred and forty individuals at increased risk for cardiovascular events underwent assessment of renal function by the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and echocardiography: 227 patients had stages 1–2 CKD (eGFR ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2), and 113 stages 3–5 (eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2). LVM was predicted in each patient from height, sex and stroke work using a validated equation. iLVM was defined as LVM more than 28% of the predicted value. Sixty-eight healthy individuals served as controls. Results iLVM was detected in seven controls (10%) and in 146 study patients (43%). There was an inverse relation between observed/predicted LVM ratio and eGFR (r 0.54, P < 0.001). In linear regression analysis, iLVM was related to eGFR (β 0.40), relative wall thickness (β 0.29), diabetes (β 0.14), and maximal left atrial volume (β 0.25) (all P < 0.001). Prevalence of iLVM was 10% in patients in stage-1 CKD, 31% in stage 2, 67% in stage 3, and 100% in stages 4 and 5. Conclusion In patients at increased risk for cardiovascular events, iLVM is strongly related to the presence and magnitude of CKD. Further longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic value of the coexistence of iLVM and CKD.
Aetiology for the covariation between combined type ADHD and reading difficulties in a family study: the role of IQ.

BACKGROUND Twin studies using both clinical and population-based samples suggest that the frequent co-occurrence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading ability/disability (RD) is largely driven by shared genetic influences. While both disorders are associated with lower IQ, recent twin data suggest that the shared genetic variability between reading difficulties and ADHD inattention symptoms is largely independent from genetic influences contributing to general cognitive ability. The current study aimed to extend the previous findings that were based on rating scale measures in a population sample by examining the generalisability of the findings to a clinical population, and by measuring reading difficulties both with a rating scale and with an objective task. This study investigated the familial relationships between ADHD, reading difficulties and IQ in a sample of individuals diagnosed with ADHD combined type, their siblings and control sibling pairs. METHODS Multivariate familial models were run on data from 1,789 individuals at ages 6-19. Reading difficulties were measured with both rating scale and an objective task. IQ was obtained using the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WISC-III/WAIS-III). RESULTS Significant phenotypic (.2-.4) and familial (.3-.5) correlations were observed among ADHD, reading difficulties and IQ. Yet, 53%-72% of the overlapping familial influences between ADHD and reading difficulties were not shared with IQ. CONCLUSIONS Our finding that familial influences shared with general cognitive ability, although present, do not account for the majority of the overlapping familial influences on ADHD and reading difficulties extends previous findings from a population-based study to a clinically ascertained sample with combined type ADHD.
Dynamic stability of the Nash equilibrium for a bidding game

A one-sided limit order book is modeled as a noncooperative game for several players. An external buyer asks for an amount X > 0 of a given asset. This amount will be bought at the lowest available price, as long as the price does not exceed an upper bound P¯. One or more sellers offer various quantities of the asset at different prices, competing to fulfill the incoming order. The size X of the order and the maximum acceptable price P¯ are not a priori known, and thus regarded as random variables. In this setting, we prove that a unique Nash equilibrium exists, where each seller optimally prices his assets in order to maximize his own expected profit. Furthermore, a dynamics is introduced, assuming that each player gradually adjusts his pricing strategy in reply to the strategies adopted by all other players. In the case of (i) infinitely many small players or (ii) two large players with one dominating the other, we show that the pricing strategies asymptotically converge to the Nash equilibrium.
Natural and Strategic Generosity as Signals of Trustworthiness

We exploit the fact that generosity and trustworthiness are highly correlated and the former can thus be a sign of the latter. Subjects decide between a generous and a mean split in a dictator game. Some of them are informed from the start that afterwards they will participate in a trust game and that their choice in the dictator game may matter; others are not informed in advance. In the trust game, before trusters decide whether or not to trust, some trustees can reveal (or conceal) only their true choice in the dictator game, while others can say to trusters, truthfully or otherwise, what they chose. We find that a generous choice made naturally by uninformed trustees and reliably revealed is more effective in persuading trusters to trust than a generous choice that could be strategic or a lie. Moreover, we find that, when they can, mean subjects lie and go on to be untrustworthy.
Exploiting The Structure of Bipartite Graphs for Algebraic and Spectral Graph Theory Applications

Abstract In this article, we extend several algebraic graph analysis methods to bipartite networks. In various areas of science, engineering, and commerce, many types of information can be represented as networks, and thus, the discipline of network analysis plays an important role in these domains. A powerful and widespread class of network analysis methods is based on algebraic graph theory, i.e., representing graphs as square adjacency matrices. However, many networks are of a very specific form that clashes with that representation: they are bipartite. That is, they consist of two node types, with each edge connecting a node of one type with a node of the other type. Examples of bipartite networks (also called two-mode networks) are persons and the social groups they belong to, musical artists and the musical genres they play, and text documents and the words they contain. In fact, any type of feature that can be represented by a categorical variable can be interpreted as a bipartite network. Although bipartite networks are widespread, most literature in the area of network analysis focuses on unipartite networks, i.e., those networks with only a single type of node. The purpose of this article is to extend a selection of important algebraic network analysis methods to bipartite networks, showing that many methods from algebraic graph theory can be applied to bipartite networks, with only minor modifications. We show methods for clustering, visualization, and link prediction. Additionally, we introduce new algebraic methods for measuring the bipartivity in near-bipartite graphs.
FIXED POINT THEOREMS FOR ( ψ − φ )-CONTRACTIONS IN GENERALIZED NEUTROSOPHIC METRIC SPACES

In this article, we provide a ﬁxed point theory for Generalized Neutrosophic Metric Spaces ( GNMS ) and present generalized ( ψ − φ )- contracting principle. Numerous modern ﬁxed point concepts have been generalized as well as extended by what we have found. We support our argument with a speciﬁc example.
Virulence Genes and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates in Northwest of Iran

Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) is one of the common pathogen that causes serious infections in hospitalized patients throughout the world. It has been reported that the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa are difficult to treat because of their virulence factors and antibiotics resistances. The aim of present study was to determine whether a correlation exists between the prevalence of virulence factors including lasB , lasA , PopB , toxA and antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa isolated from different wards of hospitalized patients in Northwest of Iran. In this study, 150 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from the wound, UTI, LRT, sputum, burn and blood stream infections. The prevalence of toxA, lasA , lasB and PopB genes was determined by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the kirby-bauer method. Prevalence of the isolates encoding exotoxin A was 87.33 %, lasA was 30 %, lsaB was 46.66 % and PopB was 28.66%. Prevalence of lasB gene was significantly higher in isolates from blood and respiratory tract infection in comparing with isolates from wound infections. High resistance levels to Gatifloxacin (81.33 %), Piperacillin (71.33 %), gentamicin (69.33%) and Ciprofloxacin (64%) were observed. Colistin and Polymyxin B were the most effective antibiotics. findings of the present study showed type II secretion toxin, toxA , lasA and lasB were predominant in P. aeruginosa infections from our region. Prevalence of the PopB gene was significantly lower than other previous studies. The high antibiotic resistances against antimicrobial agents were observed except for colistin and Polymyxin B which shows priority needs for developing antibiotic stewardship in our regional hospitals.
Varicocele repair: does it still have a role in infertility treatment?

Purpose of review To review the role of varicocele repair in the treatment of male infertility. Recent findings Since the advent of technologies bypassing boundaries of natural selection, this question may seem outdated. Over the past 20 years, fertility has decreased, and testicular damage (cryptorchidism, tumors) has increased. Thus the exploration of the infertile male is still unavoidable. However, what should be done and assigned to the discovery of a varicocele? The issue raised is whether varicocele found during the review of the infertile couple should be treated or ‘ignored’. This study will update significant findings with regards to the pathophysiology of varicocele-induced infertility, such as oxidative stress and role of varicocele in bilaterality of testicular damage. Benefits of varicocele repair in semen analysis and simplifications of assisted reproductive techniques are reported. But reviews of randomized clinical trials have raised doubts about the benefit of varicocele treatment in infertile men. Summary We conclude that varicocele repair may be effective in men with subnormal semen analysis, a clinical varicocele and otherwise unexplained infertility. Deleterious cofactors, like obesity or smoking, could also be reduced for the benefit of general health and fertility.
Super-Resolution Reconstruction for Spatio-Temporal Resolution Enhancement of Video Sequences

SUMMARY A method for spatio-temporal resolution enhancement of video sequences based on super-resolution reconstmction is proposed. A new observation model is defined for accurate resolution enlmncement, which enables subpixel motion in intermediate fmmes to be obtained. A modified optimization formula for obtaining a high-resolution sequence is also adopted.
Understanding hypertriglyceridemia in women: clinical impact and management with prescription omega-3-acid ethyl esters

Background: Elevated triglycerides (TGs) are a common lipid disorder in the US and are associated with comorbidities such as pancreatitis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. TGs are generally elevated in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women. Meta-analysis has shown that elevated TGs are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Objective: This article provides a general overview of TG metabolism and reviews data on the epidemiology and risk of elevated TGs in women, as pregnancy and menopause, in particular, have been associated with unfavorable changes in the lipoprotein profile, including elevations in TGs. In addition, this review seeks to explain the recommended TG goals and treatment options for hypertriglyceridemia with an emphasis on severe hypertriglyceridemia (TGs ≥ 500 mg/dL) and its respective treatment with prescription omega-3-acid ethyl esters (P-OM3). Methods: MedLine was searched for articles published through August 2009 using the terms “hypertriglyceridemia” and “dyslipidemia”, with subheadings for “prevalence”, “women”, “treatment”, “guidelines”, “risk”, and “omega-3 fatty acids”. Publications discussing the epidemiology of hypertriglyceridemia, CHD risk, treatment guidelines for lipid management, or clinical trials involving P-OM3 were selected for review. The reference lists of relevant articles were also examined for additional citations. Results: Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with increased CHD risk. Women, especially those with polycystic ovarian syndrome, type 2 diabetes, or who are postmenopausal, should be monitored regularly for the impact of hypertriglyceridemia on their lipid profile. Cardiovascular risk of TGs can be indirectly assessed by monitoring non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels. There are multiple sets of guidelines providing recommendations for desirable low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG, and non-HDL-C levels. Treatment of hypertriglyceridemia includes lifestyle interventions and, if needed, pharmacologic therapy. In patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia, P-OM3 can reduce TGs by up to 45%. Conclusion: Physicians should regularly monitor the lipid profile of their female patients. Any lipid abnormality should be managed promptly according to established guidelines. P-OM3 provide a well-tolerated option for the treatment of severe hypertriglyceridemia.
EGFR-mediated re-activation of MAPK signaling contributes to insensitivity of BRAF mutant colorectal cancers to RAF inhibition with vemurafenib.

UNLABELLED BRAF mutations occur in 10-15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) and confer adverse outcome. While RAF inhibitors such as vemurafenib (PLX4032) have proven effective in BRAF mutant melanoma, they are surprisingly ineffective in BRAF mutant CRCs, and the reason for this disparity remains unclear. Compared to BRAF mutant melanoma cells, BRAF mutant CRC cells were less sensitive to vemurafenib, and P-ERK suppression was not sustained in response to treatment. Although transient inhibition of phospho-ERK by vemurafenib was observed in CRC, rapid ERK re-activation occurred through EGFR-mediated activation of RAS and CRAF. BRAF mutant CRCs expressed higher levels of phospho-EGFR than BRAF mutant melanomas, suggesting that CRCs are specifically poised for EGFR-mediated resistance. Combined RAF and EGFR inhibition blocked reactivation of MAPK signaling in BRAF mutant CRC cells and markedly improved efficacy in vitro and in vivo. These findings support evaluation of combined RAF and EGFR inhibition in BRAF mutant CRC patients. SIGNIFICANCE BRAF valine 600 (V600) mutations occur in 10% to 15% of colorectal cancers, yet these tumors show a surprisingly low clinical response rate (~5%) to selective RAF inhibitors such as vemurafenib, which have produced dramatic response rates (60%–80%) in melanomas harboring the identical BRAF V600 mutation. We found that EGFR-mediated MAPK pathway reactivation leads to resistance to vemurafenib in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancers and that combined RAF and EGFR inhibition can lead to sustained MAPK pathway suppression and improved efficacy in vitro and in tumor xenografts.
FreMEn: Frequency Map Enhancement for Long-Term Mobile Robot Autonomy in Changing Environments

We present a new approach to long-term mobile robot mapping in dynamic indoor environments. Unlike traditional world models that are tailored to represent static scenes, our approach explicitly models environmental dynamics. We assume that some of the hidden processes that influence the dynamic environment states are periodic and model the uncertainty of the estimated state variables by their frequency spectra. The spectral model can represent arbitrary timescales of environment dynamics with low memory requirements. Transformation of the spectral model to the time domain allows for the prediction of the future environment states, which improves the robot's long-term performance in changing environments. Experiments performed over time periods of months to years demonstrate that the approach can efficiently represent large numbers of observations and reliably predict future environment states. The experiments indicate that the model's predictive capabilities improve mobile robot localization and navigation in changing environments.