Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TRLS-11. A PHASE 1 STUDY OF SAVOLITINIB IN RECURRENT, PROGRESSIVE, OR REFRACTORY MEDULLOBLASTOMA, HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA, DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA, AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) TUMORS HARBORING MET ABERRATIONS: A PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR CONSORTIUM TRIAL

Abstract Aberrant mesenchymal epithelial transition receptor (MET) activation leads to neoplasia, promotes invasive tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Deregulation of MET signaling pathway is frequently observed in pediatric CNS tumors making MET inhibition a potential therapeutic target in this patient population. A phase 1 first-in-children trial of the MET inhibitor savolitinib was performed in children with recurrent, progressive or refractory medulloblastoma, high-grade glioma (HGG), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), and other CNS tumors harboring MET aberrations. The study sought to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of savolitinib using a Rolling-6 design given orally once daily continuously, and to describe its toxicity profile and pharmacokinetics (PK). Once the MTD was established, a PK expansion cohort was opened to enrollment. This will be followed by an efficacy expansion cohort for patients whose tumors harbor activating genomic MET aberrations. Tumor tissue and blood were collected as part of correlative studies in consenting subjects. Twenty-eight patients enrolled (median age:12 years; range: 6-21); one patient was deemed ineligible, and 22 patients were evaluable for dose finding. The MTD/RP2D was 350 mg/m2 (dose level 3). Two dose limiting toxicities were reported in 2 subjects and consisted of grade 3 fatigue and grade 3 ALT elevation. The most common grade 3/4 toxicities were: neutropenia (7.7%) and lymphopenia (7.7%). One partial response was observed in a patient with recurrent HGG on dose level 1 (150 mg/m2). As of the most recent data freeze, the patient had completed 35 treatment courses. Sustained stable disease was experienced by 3 other patients with recurrent DIPG who remained on treatment for a median of 9 cycles (range: 4-24). Correlative studies are ongoing and will be presented. Savolitinib was well-tolerated in children with recurrent CNS tumors with an MTD/RP2D of 350 mg/m2. Antitumor activity was observed.
The US real GNP is trend-stationary after all

ABSTRACT This article applies the Fractional Frequency Flexible Fourier Form (FFFFF) Dickey–Fuller (DF)-type unit root test on the natural logarithm of US real GNP over the quarterly period of 1875:1–2015:2, to determine whether the same is trend- or difference-stationary. While standard and Integer Frequency Flexible Fourier Form DF-type test fails to reject the null of unit root, the relatively more powerful FFFFF DF-type test provides strong evidence of the real GNP as being trend-stationary, i.e. US output returns to a deterministic log-nonlinear trend in the long run.
A Continuous Lyapunov Function for Periodic Orbits Based on Poincaré Map

ポアンカレの定理は,非線形システムの周期軌道に対する 安定性解析のための有用な道具である. 周期軌道に対して横 断面をとると,周期軌道と横断面の交点は,システムが横断 面上で示す離散的な挙動の平衡点になる. このとき,ポアン カレの定理として,この平衡点の安定性が周期軌道の安定性 と等価になることが知られている. この定理により,周期軌 道全体の安定性を,局所領域における平衡点の安定性に帰着 させて調べることができる. ポアンカレの定理について,文献 1), 2)はリアプノフ関数 にもとづく証明を与えている. ここでは,周期軌道まわりの 点を初期値とする状態が横断面と交わるまでの所要時間の情 報をもちいることにより,横断面上での挙動に対するリアプ ノフ関数を周期軌道全体に対するリアプノフ関数に下半連続 関数として拡張する方法が示されている. 本稿では,漸近安定な周期軌道に対するリアプノフ関数を, 横断面上での挙動に対するリアプノフ関数をもちいて,連続 関数として記述することを考える. 具体的には,上述の所要 時間に加えて,時間を逆向する場合に横断面と交わるまでの 所要時間を導入する. これらをもちいることにより,横断面 上のリアプノフ関数を周期軌道全体に対するリアプノフ関数 に連続関数として拡張することができることを示す. これに より,リアプノフ関数を連続関数の枠組みでポアンカレの定 理と結び付け,周期軌道まわりの連続的な収束性解析のため の道具として与える. なお,本稿でもちいる記号の定義は,以下のとおりである. R は実数全体の集合,Rはn次元の実ベクトル全体の集合を表わ す. ベクトル x ∈ Rnに対して,‖x‖は xのノルムを表わし,x の ε近傍はNε(x) = {y ∈ R : ‖y−x‖ < ε}のように定義さ れ,その閉包はN ε(x) = {y ∈ R : ‖y−x‖ ≤ ε}となる. ま ∗ 山口大学大学院理工学研究科 宇部市常盤台 2–16–1 ∗ Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, 2–16–1 Tokiwadai, Ube (Received February 22, 2011) (Revised July 28, 2011) た,集合 S ⊂ Rnに対して,Scは Sの補集合, ◦ Sは Sの内部を 表わす. さらに,xとSの距離は dist(x,S) = infy∈S ‖x−y‖, S の ε近傍は Nε(S) = {x ∈ R : dist(x,S) < ε}のように 定義される.
Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control and Vibration Suppression of Free-Floating Flexible-Joint Space Manipulator

The dynamic modeling,motion controlling and elastic vibration suppression problem of free-floa￣ting flexible-joint space manipulator were studied.Base on the simplified model of free-floating flexible-joint space manipulator system,the dynamic equations of the system were established by using the conservation of linear and angular momentums and the Lagrange equation.To realize the asymptotic tracking of space manipulator's motion trajectory and to suppress the elastic vibration caused by the flexible-joint,the system was decomposed into a slow subsystem and a fast subsystem based on the singular perturbation approach.For the slow subsystem,a fuzzy sliding mode controller was designed to achieve the asymptotic tracking of the desired motion trajectory.And the fuzzy controller was used to overcome the chattering of the sliding mode controller.For the fast subsystem,a velocity difference feedback controller was proposed to suppress the system's elastic vibration caused by the flexible-joint,and thus to guarantee the system's stability.Simulation results on a free-floating flexible-joint space manipulator system with two rigid links and two flexible joints prove the efficiency of the proposed controller.
Global Adaptive Transformer for Cross-Subject Enhanced EEG Classification

Due to the individual difference, EEG signals from other subjects (source) can hardly be used to decode the mental intentions of the target subject. Although transfer learning methods have shown promising results, they still suffer from poor feature representation or neglect long-range dependencies. In light of these limitations, we propose Global Adaptive Transformer (GAT), an domain adaptation method to utilize source data for cross-subject enhancement. Our method uses parallel convolution to capture temporal and spatial features first. Then, we employ a novel attention-based adaptor that implicitly transfers source features to the target domain, emphasizing the global correlation of EEG features. We also use a discriminator to explicitly drive the reduction of marginal distribution discrepancy by learning against the feature extractor and the adaptor. Besides, an adaptive center loss is designed to align the conditional distribution. With the aligned source and target features, a classifier can be optimized to decode EEG signals. Experiments on two widely used EEG datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods, primarily due to the effectiveness of the adaptor. These results indicate that GAT has good potential to enhance the practicality of BCI.
A New Algorithm of Determining Optimal Structure of Neural Network

This study addresses the structure of neural network and proposes a new method for determining the number of the optimal hidden nodes. Based on the algorithm,the hidden nodes are increased according to the arithmetic progression and the scope of the optimal hidden nodes is determined. The method of 50% deletion is then applied in determining the number of optimal hidden nodes. Simulation result proves that the proposed algorithm is adaptive,effective,and rapid in determining the minimal number of hidden neurons of the network while maintaining good generalization capability.
U-Shaped Relationship between Sleep Duration and CKD in US Adults: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2014

Introduction: Short and long sleep durations have been associated with adverse health outcomes. The objective of this study was to examine the association between self-reported sleep duration and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population on the basis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Methods: A total of 28,239 adults aged ≥18 years who participated in the 2005–2014 NHANES were analyzed. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or urinary albumin/urine creatinine ratio ≥300 mg/g. Very short sleepers and short sleepers were defined as those who sleep ≤5 h or 5.1–6.9 h per day, respectively. Long sleepers and very long sleepers were defined as those who sleep 9.0–10.9 h or ≥11 h per day, respectively. Normal sleepers were defined as those who sleep 7.0–8.9 h. The association between sleep duration and CKD was assessed using a logistic regression model. Results: Very short (≤5 h) sleep duration was associated with higher odds of CKD (multiadjusted OR, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–1.62 comparing normal categories of 7.0–8.9 h; P trend = 0.01), after adjusting for potential confounders. Participants with long (9–10.9 h) sleep duration also tended to have a higher odds of CKD (multiadjusted OR, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–1.61 comparing normal categories of 7.0–8.9 h; P trend = 0.01). This risk was further increased in those whose sleep duration exceeded 11 h (multiadjusted OR, 2.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.64–3.37 comparing normal categories of 7.0–8.9; P trend = 0.01). However, there was no statistically significant association between short (≤6.0–7.9 h) sleep duration and CKD (multiadjusted OR, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–1.14 comparing normal categories of 7.0–8.9 h; P trend = 0.32). Conclusion: We demonstrated that the higher CKD prevalence estimates were found in very short (≤5 h) and long (9.0–10.9 h) sleep durations in an apparently healthy population aged ≥18 years in the USA. This prevalence of CKD is further increased in those whose sleep duration exceeds 11 h. Our cross-sectional analyses clarified the U-shaped temporal relationship between sleep duration and CKD.
Multicentre sleep‐stage scoring agreement in the Sleep Revolution project

Determining sleep stages accurately is an important part of the diagnostic process for numerous sleep disorders. However, as the sleep stage scoring is done manually following visual scoring rules there can be considerable variation in the sleep staging between different scorers. Thus, this study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the inter‐rater agreement in sleep staging. A total of 50 polysomnography recordings were manually scored by 10 independent scorers from seven different sleep centres. We used the 10 scorings to calculate a majority score by taking the sleep stage that was the most scored stage for each epoch. The overall agreement for sleep staging was κ = 0.71 and the mean agreement with the majority score was 0.86. The scorers were in perfect agreement in 48% of all scored epochs. The agreement was highest in rapid eye movement sleep (κ = 0.86) and lowest in N1 sleep (κ = 0.41). The agreement with the majority scoring varied between the scorers from 81% to 91%, with large variations between the scorers in sleep stage‐specific agreements. Scorers from the same sleep centres had the highest pairwise agreements at κ = 0.79, κ = 0.85, and κ = 0.78, while the lowest pairwise agreement between the scorers was κ = 0.58. We also found a moderate negative correlation between sleep staging agreement and the apnea–hypopnea index, as well as the rate of sleep stage transitions. In conclusion, although the overall agreement was high, several areas of low agreement were also found, mainly between non‐rapid eye movement stages.
An overview of interventions used across the life span to support transitions of those with a neurological condition: A systematic review of reviews

Objectives To systematically appraise published reviews on interventions used to support transitions for individuals with neurological conditions. Data sources MEDLINE, CINAHL, The Allied and Complementary Medicine, AMED, PsycINFO, Cochrane database of systematic reviews and Web of Science were searched between 31st December 2010 and 15th September 2022. Method The systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. The quality and risk of bias were measured using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2 and the Risk Of Bias In Systematic reviews’ tool. All types of reviews which involved participants with neurological conditions were included. Results Seven reviews met the inclusion criteria. A total of 172 studies were included in the reviews. Effectiveness of transition interventions could not be calculated due to the lack of data. The findings suggested that the use of health applications may be beneficial by increasing self-management capabilities and disease knowledge. Education and clear communication between healthcare providers and recipients may also have positive impacts on quality of life. Risk of bias was found to be high in four of the reviews. Four reviews had low or critically low levels of evidence. Conclusions There is a paucity of published evidence on interventions used to support the transitions of individuals with neurological conditions and the effect that these have on quality of life.
Embebed wavelet image reconstruction in parallel computation hardware

The University of Manchester, September 2015. Abstract of thesis submitted by Jorge Guevara Escobedo for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) entitled ? Embedded wavelet image reconstruction in parallel computation hardware? In this thesis an algorithm is demonstrated for the reconstruction of hard- field Tomography images through localized block areas, obtained in parallel and from a multiresolution framework. Block areas are subsequently tiled to put together the full size image. Given its properties to preserve its compact support after being ramp filtered, the wavelet transform has received to date much attention as a promising solution in radiation dose reduction in medical imaging, through the reconstruction of essentially localised regions. In this work, this characteristic is exploited with the aim of reducing the time and complexity of the standard reconstruction algorithm. Independently reconstructing block images with geometry allowing to cover completely the reconstructed frame as a single output image, allows the individual blocks to be reconstructed in parallel, and to experience its performance in a multiprocessor hardware reconfigurable system (i.e. FPGA). Projection data from simulated Radon Transform (RT) was obtained at 180 evenly spaced angles. In order to define every relevant block area within the sinogram, forward RT was performed over template phantoms representing block frames. Reconstruction was then performed in a domain beyond the block frame limits, to allow calibration overlaps when fitting of adjacent block images. The 256 by 256 Shepp-Logan phantom was used to test the methodology of both parallel multiresolution and parallel block reconstruction generalisations. It is shown that the reconstruction time of a single block image in a 3-scale multiresolution framework, compared to the standard methodology, performs around 48 times faster. By assuming a parallel implementation, it can implied that the reconstruction time of a single tile, should be very close related to the reconstruction time of the full size and resolution image.
Tuning of Fractional PID Controllers Based on Optimal Oustaloup

The majority of current engineering control systems use the traditional PID controller,as the fractional order PID inherites the advantages of the traditional PID,and has better control quality and greater robustness,so for high-precision digital implementation of fractional calculus and fractional-order PID controllers practical application in complex systems of engineering.A new high-precision fractional calculus digital realization algorithm-the optimal Oustaloup digital realization was proposed,through establishs control system simulation model,uses diagram-type model combined with the optimal ITAE performance index to design fractional PID parameters,through simulation examples,the method can further optimize the controller parameters to improve control precision and control effect,it facilitate fractional order PID parameter design of non-linear systems and complex systems.
Prediction of osteoporosis using MRI and CT scans with unimodal and multimodal deep-learning models

PURPOSE Osteoporosis is the systematic degeneration of the human skeleton, with consequences ranging from a reduced quality of life to mortality. Therefore, the prediction of osteoporosis reduces risks and supports patients in taking precautions. Deep-learning and specific models achieve highly accurate results using different imaging modalities. The primary purpose of this research was to develop unimodal and multimodal deep-learning-based diagnostic models to predict bone mineral loss of the lumbar vertebrae using magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging. METHODS Patients who received both lumbar dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and MRI (n = 120) or CT (n = 100) examinations were included in this study. Unimodal and multimodal convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with dual blocks were proposed to predict osteoporosis using lumbar vertebrae MR and CT examinations in separate and combined datasets. Bone mineral density values obtained by DEXA were used as reference data. The proposed models were compared with a CNN model and six benchmark pre-trained deep-learning models. RESULTS The proposed unimodal model obtained 96.54%, 98.84%, and 96.76% balanced accuracy for MRI, CT, and combined datasets, respectively, while the multimodal model achieved 98.90% balanced accuracy in 5-fold cross-validation experiments. Furthermore, the models obtained 95.68%–97.91% accuracy with a hold-out validation dataset. In addition, comparative experiments demonstrated that the proposed models yielded superior results by providing more effective feature extraction in dual blocks to predict osteoporosis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that osteoporosis was accurately predicted by the proposed models using both MR and CT images, and a multimodal approach improved the prediction of osteoporosis. With further research involving prospective studies with a larger number of patients, there may be an opportunity to implement these technologies into clinical practice.
The Effect of the Postural Control Strategy on the Recognition Error of Center-of-Pressure Sway

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of postural control strategies on the recognition error (RE) of center-of-pressure (COP) sway forward based on perceived exertion. Participants were 43 middle-aged or elderly people. We measured the maximum COP sway forward (100% center-of-pressure distance(COP-D)), 60% and 30% COP-D of 100% COP-D based on perceived exertion, and participants were classified into the good balance group and bad balance group by RE. The RE and trunk and leg angles were evaluated during COP sway forward. Results showed that RE being significantly higher for 30% COP-D and the group with a larger RE had a significantly larger trunk angle. Therefore, they may have used hip strategy predominantly to perform postural control ability, not only maximum values, but also on perceived exertion.
Therapy targeting antigen-specific T cells by a peptide-based tolerizing vaccine against autoimmune arthritis

Significance Current treatments of autoimmune diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis, is directed to inflammatory consequences of the disease process, with limitations regarding effectiveness and side effects. We have shown in vivo a highly effective tolerogenic vaccine, which consists of a complex between an antigenic glycopeptide from COL2 and a relevant MHCII molecule. The vaccine operates through binding directly to the T cell receptor on the T cell surface, leading to differentiation of the T cell into a distinct regulatory phenotype mediating a dominant tissue-specific tolerance.
Yield Forecast Based on Grey-Markov Model

GM(1,1)model is established by using winter wheat yield of Tong Cheng county(from 1976 to 1995). Then the deviation regularity of GM(1,1) model from 1976 to 1995 is obtained by Markov model of stochastic process (i.e.transition probability matrix). To improve forecast reliability,the result of GM(1,1)model is amended based on the regularity.The result of GM(1,1) which is just a numerical value is changed to a range consisted of intervals and probabilities.At last,winter wheat yield of Tong Cheng county(from 1996 to 2000) are forecasted by grey-Markov model.In this way,the forecast precision is improved,and the trend of yield is reflected accurately.
Oxidative balance scores and neural crest cell‐related congenital anomalies

Oxidative stress and redox imbalance adversely affect embryonic development. We developed two oxidative balance scores (OBS) that include dietary and nondietary exposures. We hypothesized that higher scores (i.e., lower oxidative stress) would be associated with lower risk of neural tube defects, orofacial clefts, conotruncal heart defects, and limb deficiencies. We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study to create a dietary OBS based on intake of 13 nutrients and an overall OBS that included the 13 nutrients and eight additional nondietary factors related to oxidative balance (e.g., smoking). We used logistic regression to examine odds ratios associated with having low or high scores (i.e., <10th or >90th percentiles). Continuous models indicated reduced odds associated with high versus low scores (i.e., comparing odds at the 90th versus 10th percentile values of the distribution) on the overall OBS for cleft lip with or without cleft palate [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–0.82], longitudinal limb deficiency (aOR 0.73, CI 0.54–0.99), and transverse limb deficiency (aOR 0.74, CI 0.58–0.95); increased odds for anencephaly (aOR 1.40, CI 1.07–1.84); and primarily nonsignificant associations with conotruncal heart defects. Results for the dietary OBS were similar. This study provides some evidence that oxidative stress contributes to congenital anomalies related to neural crest cell development.
Association of dietary oxidative balance score and sleep duration with the risk of mortality: prospective study in a representative US population

Abstract Objective: We investigated the association between dietary oxidative balance score (DOBS) and mortality and whether this association can be modified by sleep duration. Design: We calculated DOBS to estimate the overall oxidative effects of the diet, with higher DOBS reflecting more antioxidant intake and less pro-oxidant intake. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine the associations between DOBS and all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality in the general population and people with different sleep durations. Setting: Prospective analysis was conducted using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005–2015). Participants: A total of 15 991 US adults with complete information on dietary intake, sleep duration and mortality were included. Results: During a median follow-up of 7·4 years, 1675 deaths were observed. Participants in the highest quartile of DOBS were significantly associated with the lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 0·75; 95 % CI 0·61, 0·93) compared with those in the lowest. Furthermore, we found statistically significant interactions between DOBS and sleep duration on all-cause mortality (P interaction = 0·021). The inverse association between DOBS and all-cause mortality was significant in short sleepers (HR = 0·66, 95 % CI 0·48, 0·92), but not in normal and long sleepers. Conclusions: Our study observed that higher DOBS was associated with lower all-cause mortality, and this association appeared to be stronger among short sleepers. This study provides nutritional guidelines for improving health outcomes in adults, especially for short sleepers.