Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Travel on Older Adults: An Exploratory Investigation.

The impact of travel on older adults was examined through semi-structured interviews of a purposively selected sample of eight individuals ranging in age from 56 to 89 years. The interviews were designed to determine whether interviewees' travel had resulted in any transformative learning experiences. The participants (three Caucasian married couples, one Caucasian single woman, and one African American single man) were selected for the study because they were frequent travelers, and it was thought that they would likely have had significant travel experiences. All were college educated, financially responsible, and involved with their children and grandchildren. None of those interviewed demonstrated any evidence of a perspective transformation resulting from their travels. Nor did the interviews reveal any truly disorienting dilemmas that would likely bring about such transformation. Nevertheless, there was clear evidence of change in the meaning schemes of the study participants. The following four themes emerged from the interviews: (1) a new perspective on "all that we know"; (2) a changed sense of self; (3) disruption of assumptions as a result of new experiences; and (4) a deepened sense of understanding or complexification. (Contains 28 references.) (MN) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Page 1 of 35 Impact of Travel, Quig The Impact of Travel on Older Adults An Exploratory Investigation Donald N. Roberson, MEd. 300 Richard Way, Athens, Georgia 30605
Impact of household food insecurity on the nutritional status and the response to therapeutic feeding of people living with human immunodeficiency virus

Background The role of household food security (HFS) in the occurrence of wasting and the response to food-based intervention in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV), especially adults, is still controversial and needs investigation. Methods Face-to-face interviews to collect data for Coping Strategies Index score and Dietary Diversity Score estimation were conducted during a noncontrolled and nonrandomized study assessing the effectiveness of ready-to-use therapeutic food in the treatment of wasting in adults with HIV. Coping Strategies Index score and Dietary Diversity Score were used to determine HFS, and the participants and tertiles of Coping Strategies Index score were used to categorize HFS. Results The study showed that most participants were from food insecure households at admission, only 2.7% (5/187) ate food from six different food groups the day before enrolment, and 93% (180/194) were applying forms of coping strategy. Acute malnutrition was rare among <5-year-old children from participants’ households, but the average (standard deviation) mid-upper arm circumference of other adults in the same households were 272.7 (42.1) mm, 254.8 (33.8) mm, and 249.8 (31.7) mm for those from the best, middle, and worst tertile of HFS, respectively (P = 0.021). Median weight gain was lower in participants from the worst HFS tertile than in those from the other two tertiles combined during therapeutic feeding phase (0.0 [−2.1 to 2.6] kg versus 1.9 [−1.7 to 6.0] kg; P = 0.052) and after ready-to-use therapeutic food discontinuation (−1.9 [−5.2 to 4.2] kg versus 1.8 [−1.4 to 4.7] kg; P = 0.098). Being on antiretroviral therapy influenced the response to treatment and nutritional status after discontinuation of ready-to-use therapeutic food supplementation. Conclusion Food insecurity is an important contributing factor to the development of wasting in PLHIV and its impact on therapeutic feeding response outlines the importance of food-based intervention in the management of wasting of PLHIV.
Silent pedagogy and rethinking classroom practice: structuring teaching through silence rather than talk

Classroom observations are an important source of information about teaching and about the practice of particular teachers. The paper considers the value placed on talk as opposed to silence in this context and suggests that a cultural bias towards talk means that silence is commonly perceived negatively. The paper is based on a qualitative research study involving interviews with 25 teacher participants. These participants identify different types of silence and report how they use various silences in the classroom, suggesting that many different types of silence may be used productively in teaching and learning. The paper provides examples of questions that might be asked when observing teachers' uses of silence rather than talk. It concludes by proposing that classroom observations should take into account the complex skills of ‘silent pedagogy’ where the teacher makes conscious decisions to abstain from intervention based on continuous sensitive readings of the learning environment.
Closing the Major Gap in PNES Research

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are events commonly encountered by primary care physicians, neurologists, pediatricians, and emergency medicine physicians in their practices, yet there continues to be significant variability in the way they are evaluated, diagnosed, and treated. Lack of understanding this condition and limited data on long-term outcome from current treatment paradigms have resulted in an environment with iatrogenic injury, morbidity, and significant costs to the patient and healthcare system. This article will review the current state of research addressing PNES treatment both in the adult and pediatric populations.
‘Concrete’ Manipulatives, Concrete Ideas

The notion of ‘concrete,’ from concrete manipulatives to pedagogical sequences such as ‘concrete to abstract,’ is embedded in educational theories, research, and practice, especially in mathematics education. In this article, the author considers research on the use of manipulatives and offers a critique of common perspectives on the notions of concrete manipulatives and concrete ideas. He offers a reformulation of the definition of ‘concrete’ as used in psychology and education and provides illustrations of how, accepting that reformulation, computer manipulatives may be pedagogically efficacious.
The Structure of (−)-Kaitocephalin Bound to the Ligand Binding Domain of the (S)-α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA)/Glutamate Receptor, GluA2*

Background: The natural product (−)-kaitocephalin is a potential scaffold for development of subtype-specific glutamate receptor antagonists. Results: The crystal structure of (−)-kaitocephalin bound to an AMPA receptor ligand binding domain was determined. Conclusion: The orientation of (−)-kaitocephalin in the binding site can explain the subtype selectivity of the parent compound. Significance: Comparisons with the structure of other glutamate receptors provides avenues for development of new subtype-specific antagonists. Glutamate receptors mediate the majority of excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system, and excessive stimulation of these receptors is involved in a variety of neurological disorders and neuronal damage from stroke. The development of new subtype-specific antagonists would be of considerable therapeutic interest. Natural products can provide important new lead compounds for drug discovery. The only natural product known to inhibit glutamate receptors competitively is (−)-kaitocephalin, which was isolated from the fungus Eupenicillium shearii and found to protect CNS neurons from excitotoxicity. Previous work has shown that it is a potent antagonist of some subtypes of glutamate receptors (AMPA and NMDA, but not kainate). The structure of kaitocephalin bound to the ligand binding domain of the AMPA receptor subtype, GluA2, is reported here. The structure suggests how kaitocephalin can be used as a scaffold to develop more selective and high affinity antagonists for glutamate receptors.
Elasto-capillarity: deforming an elastic structure with a liquid droplet

Although negligible at macroscopic scales, capillary forces become dominant as the sub-millimetric scales of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) are considered. We review various situations, not limited to micro-technologies, where capillary forces are able to deform elastic structures. In particular, we define the different length scales that are relevant for ‘elasto-capillary’ problems. We focus on the case of slender structures (lamellae, rods and sheets) and describe the size of a bundle of wet hair, the condition for a flexible rod to pierce a liquid interface or the fate of a liquid droplet deposited on a flexible thin sheet. These results can be generalized to similar situations involving adhesion or fracture energy, which widens the scope of possible applications from biological systems, to stiction issues in micro-fabrication processes, the manufacturing of 3D microstructures or the formation of blisters in thin film coatings.
Negative Emotional Memories in Clinical Treatment: Theoretical Considerations

The pursuit of empirically supported therapies has resulted in controversy and further division between practicing and academic clinicians. The current article provides an overview of a clinical biopsychological model that may serve to guide assessment and treatment of many psychological problems, with a selective review of the literature supporting the model. One particular area, negative emotional memories, is discussed in theoretical and practical terms as related to the development of clients’ psychological problems and how certain therapists’ behaviors can positively and negatively affect clients. Next, the theorized effects of psychological treatments on negative memories are discussed. The article concludes with a call for efforts to pursue a neuropsychological model of treatment based on hypothesized causal factors.
Knowledge, attitudes, and demographic factors influencing cervical cancer screening behavior of Zimbabwean women.

AIMS The aims of this study were (1) to estimate what proportion of rural females had received cervical screening, (2) to assess knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and demographics that influence cervical screening, and (3) to predict cervical screening accessibility based on demographic factors, knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes that influence cervical screening. METHODS The study sample consisted of randomly selected, sexually active, rural females between 12 and 84 years of age. Five hundred fourteen females responded to an individually administered questionnaire. RESULTS Of the 514 participants, 91% had never had cervical screening and 81% had no previous knowledge of cervical screening tests; 80% of the group expressed positive beliefs about cervical screening tests after an educational intervention. Females who were financially independent were 6.61% more likely to access cervical screening compared with those who were dependent on their husbands. Females in mining villages were 4.47% more likely to access cervical screening than those in traditional rural reserve villages. Females in resettlement villages were 20% less likely to access cervical screening than those in traditional rural reserve villages. CONCLUSIONS Accessibility of screening services could be improved through planning and implementation of screening programs involving community leaders and culturally appropriate messages. The government should incorporate the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in its immunization program for adolescents, and health education should be intensified to encourage women and their partners to comply with diagnostic and treatment regimens.
Saliency guided adaptive image abstraction

We have developed a novel method for image abstraction which preserves more details present in the salient regions and removes details present in the non-salient regions from the given image of a natural scene. We define a region to be salient based on the saliency measure estimated in the region. We propose to preserve details in salient regions by dividing them into smaller groups of pixels and remove details from non-salient regions by dividing them in larger group of pixels. We achieve this kind of grouping by guiding an over-segmentation algorithm with spatially varying block size depending on the saliency measure. The adaptive image abstraction goal is finally achieved using a novel brush called point spread brush which is used to reproduce the action of brush with a varying spatial spread.
The “Fixatuer Interne” as a Versatile Implant for Spine Surgery

The “fixateur interne” is a new device for posterior spine surgery. It consists of long Schanz screws which are inserted from a posterior approach through the pedicles into the vertebral bodies, and of connecting threaded longitudinal rods, carrying mobile clamps which can be fixed in every position by nuts. The long leverarms of the Schanz screws facilitate manual reduction. They are removed at the end of operation. As the device is stable against flexion and rotation by itself, it does not act on the four-point bending principle. Thus, the fixation can be restricted to the immediately adjacent vertebrae of a lesion, leaving the rest of the spine mobile. In fracture treatment instrumentation is combined with a direct repair of the anterior loss of bone stock by a transpedicular bone grafting procedure from the same dorsal approach. This report presents and discusses 183 instrumentations in fresh fractures, posttraumatic deformities, degenerative diseases, tumors, and severe spondylolistheses. The main advantage is the short fixation area and the ease of after treatment.
Class Differentials in Educational Opportunity and Promotions from the Ranks

A re-examination is made of the argument that slightly improved class differentials in full-time education have been offset by a decline in chances of promotion during a career. Past support for this idea has been drawn from age group comparisons usually in the context of surveys of managers. Census data giving the distribution of terminal education ages in the population are used to show that there are in fact important educational differences between separate generations in middle and higher occupations. It is also argued that the comparison of age groups is an unreliable method of studying occupational recruitment and that; in addition, the educational composition of so-called middle-class occupations is very diverse. In terms of their impact on the proportion of early leavers found in middle-class occupations, the apparent changes between generations appear, contrary to expectation, to be rather insignificant. It is inferred that constant social mobility rates cannot be explained by trends in promotions from the ranks on the strength of present evidence.
A new algorithm for soil moisture retrieval using C and K-band Radiometer channels of ocean salinity satellite

A new soil moisture retrieval algorithm developed in this paper, using C- and K-band microwave radiometer channels of Ocean Salinity Satellite (OSS). In this new algorithm, K-band(23.8GHz) brightness temperature (BT) is used to estimate land surface temperature, and C-band BT in H polarization used to retrieve soil moisture by τ - ω model, in which soil roughness (h) and vegetation parameters (τ) are combined in a single factor for their similar change trends with BT. The validation is done using AMSR-E data of the same channels with Naqu soil moisture monitoring network data in the central Tibetan Plateau, result shows the new algorithm has very good accuracy, at correlation coefficient, bias and RMSE.
Finite-time stability and input-to-state stability of stochastic nonlinear systems

In this paper, finite-time globally asymptotical stability in probability (FTGASiP) and finite-time stochastic input-tostate stability (FTSISS) for stochastic nonlinear (SNL) systems are investigated. For the study of FTGASiP, there is a generalized KL (GKL) function in the definition which we considered. Correspondingly, based on this definition, some sufficient conditions are provided for SNL systems. Further more, the definition of FTSISS is introduced and corresponding criterion is presented for SNL systems. To prove the results of the above, some lemmas about GKL functions and their properties are provided. Finally, some simulation examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of our results.
Commentary-"BUT IS IT ENERGY? REFLECTIONS ON CONSCIOUSNESS, HEALING AND THE NEW PARADIGM"1 and HEALING, ENERGY AND CONSCIOUSNESS: INTO THE FUTURE OR A RETREAT TO THE PAST?

I want to applaud the recent efforts of Larry Dosseyl,2 for bringing the important issue of consciousness into open discussion as one tries to understand the relevant physics operating in distant healing and many other psychoenergetic phenomena. However, I believe it is a mistake to adopt an either/or position regarding consciousness/energy involvement in these processes and will endeavor to show the reader that both are involved in this class of phenomena.
The Neuroprotective Effects of Carnosine in Early Stage of Focal Ischemia Rodent Model

Objective This study was conducted to elucidate neuroprotective effect of carnosine in early stage of stroke. Methods Early stage of rodent stroke model and neuroblastoma chemical hypoxia model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion and antimycin A. Neuroprotective effect of carnosine was investigated with 100, 250, and 500 mg of carnosine treatment. And antioxidant expression was analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot in brain and blood. Results Intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg carnosine induced significant decrease of infarct volume and expansion of penumbra (p<0.05). The expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed significant increase than in saline group in blood and brain (p<0.05). In the analysis of chemical hypoxia, carnosine induced increase of neuronal cell viability and decrease of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Conclusion Carnosine has neuroprotective property which was related to antioxidant capacity in early stage of stroke. And, the oxidative stress should be considered one of major factor in early ischemic stroke.
Rp58 is essential for the growth and patterning of the cerebellum and for glutamatergic and GABAergic neuron development

Cerebellum development depends on the correct differentiation of progenitors into neurons, a process controlled by a transcriptional program that remains poorly understood. Here we show that neural-specific deletion of the BTB/POZ zinc-finger transcription factor-encoding gene Rp58 (Znf238, Zfp238) causes severe cerebellar hypoplasia and developmental failure of Purkinje neurons, Bergmann glia and granule neurons. Deletion of Rp58 in mouse embryonic Atoh1+ progenitors leads to strong defects in growth and foliation owing to its crucial role in the differentiation of granule neurons. Analysis of the Rp58 mutant at E14.5 demonstrates that Rp58 is required for the development of both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. Rp58 mutants show decreased proliferation of glutamatergic progenitors at E14.5. In addition, Rp58 ablation results in a reduced number of GABAergic Pax2+ neurons at E16.5 together with defects in the transcriptional program of ventricular zone progenitors. Our results indicate that Rp58 is essential for the growth and organization of the cerebellum and regulates the development of both GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons.
Obesity‐Induced Hypertension in the Dog

To study the relationship between body weight and blood pressure, we have developed an animal model of obestiy-induced hypertension. Nine adult mongrel dogs were chronically instrumented with aortic and vena caval catheters. After a 2-week control period, all dogs were made to gain weight by adding 2 Ib/day of beef fat to their diet for 5 weeks. Blood pressure, heart rate, and body weight were measured daily before the addition of dietary fat, during the 5 weeks of the high fat diet, and for 6 weeks after the fat supplement was stopped. Plasma volume and cardiac output were measured prior to and after 5 weeks of the fat diet. During the 5-week high fat diet, the dog's body weight increased from 22.2 ± 2.1 to 27.4 ± 3 kg (p < 0.001); mean blood pressure increased from 90 ± 5 to 112 ± 6 mm Hg (p < 0.01); and heart rate increased from 70 ± 7 to 85 ± 5 beats/min (p < 0.05). Blood pressure, heart rate, and body weight returned to near control values after the fat diet was stopped. Over the 5-week fat diet, the dog's plasma volume increased from 920 ± 130 to 1059 ± 195 ml (p < 0.05); cardiac output increased from 2.5 ± 0.4 to 3.1 ± 0.3 L/min (p < 0.05); and systemic vascular resistance increased from 35.3 ± 8 to 38.9 ± 9 mm Hg/L/min (p < 0.1). Weight gain in the dogs was also associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Our findings have demonstrated that weight gain in the dog is associated with an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, plasma volume, and fasting insulin concentration, and we think that our animal model should be ideal for studying the pathogenesis of obesity-induced hypertension.
Crowdsourcing as a Model for Problem Solving

Crowdsourcing is an online, distributed problem-solving and production model that has emerged in recent years. Notable examples of the model include Threadless, iStockphoto, InnoCentive, the Goldcorp Challenge, and user-generated advertising contests. This article provides an introduction to crowdsourcing, both its theoretical grounding and exemplar cases, taking care to distinguish crowdsourcing from open source production. This article also explores the possibilities for the model, its potential to exploit a crowd of innovators, and its potential for use beyond forprofit sectors. Finally, this article proposes an agenda for research into crowdsourcing.
Analysis of Different Routing Techniques for Opportunistic Data Transfer

This paper deals with various routing techniques for efficient data transfer in MANET. MANET is a wireless infrastructureless network where mobile devices communicate through wireless links. To make the communication of wireless network as good as that of the wired ones is the challenging issue. The high link quality involves best path selection and it leads to throughput improvement. Higher layer like network layer is used to provide an efficient data transfer in dynamic environment. To make routing efficient, we need to know the topographical information of the wireless network. Based on which we can improve the routing process and packets are transmitted efficiently with high packet delivery ratio. This paper shows an analysis of various techniques for improving the link quality with best path selection for opportunistic data transmission with its advantages and disadvantages.
Back to The Phenomena (of Sport) – or Back to The Phenomenologists? Towards a Phenomenology of (Sports) Phenomenology

Is phenomenology a method or a philosophy (of ‘ontological’ character)? This question is discussed here with a recent philosophical collection of articles about the phenomenology of sport at hand. However, one finds very few concrete phenomena in this volume, but much abstract talk about the authoritative philosophers of ontology and existentialism. This gives the ‘phenomenological school’ a somewhat sectarian character, which is not typical in recent contributions of phenomenology. This review essay broadens out from the current volume under consideration towards a history of phenomenology and a differential phenomenology of phenomenology. It is not clear how much value the volume itself, however, has for the understanding of sport as well as for the understanding of phenomenology. Nevertheless, it documents how phenomenological scholastics approach sport, which may serve as a warning at a time when positivist reductionism seems to have also become mainstream in human and social sciences.