Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
fficient visual attention driven framework for key frames extraction rom hysteroscopy videos

Recent years have shown enthusiastic research interests in diagnostic hysteroscopy (DH), where various regions of the female reproductive system are visualized for diagnosing uterine disorders. Currently, the hysteroscopy videos produced during various sessions of patients are stored in medical libraries, which are usually browsed by medical specialists Gynecologists to visualize previous videos of a patient or to study similar cases. However, the abundant redundancy of frames in DH videos make this searching relatively more difficult for gynecologists, wasting their time browsing such large libraries. In this context, video summarization can be used to reduce this redundancy by extracting key frames, thus making the process of browsing and indexing DH videos more efficient. In this letter, we propose an efficient domainisual saliency isual attention model ynecology edical image analysis specific visual attention-driven framework for summarizing DH videos. For key frames extraction, multiscale contrast, texture, curvature, and motion based saliency features are computed for each frame using integral image, which are then fused by a linear weighted fusion scheme to acquire a final saliency map. Experimental results in comparison with other related state-of-the-art schemes confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed framework. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effective Saccharification of Corn Stover Using Low-Liquid Aqueous Ammonia Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Low-liquid aqueous ammonia (LLAA) pretreatment using aqueous ammonia was investigated to enhance enzymatic saccharification of corn stover. In this method, ground corn stover was simply contacted with aqueous ammonia mist (ammoniation step), followed by pretreatment at elevated temperature (90–150 °C) for an extended period (24–120 h) at different solid/liquid (S/L) ratios (0.29, 0.47 or 0.67), termed a pretreatment step. After that, excess (unreacted) ammonia was removed by evaporation, and the pretreated material was immediately saccharified by an enzyme without a washing step. The effects of key reaction parameters on both glucan digestibility and XMG digestibility were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Under the best pretreatment conditions [S/L = 0.47, 0.16 (g NH3)/(g biomass), 90 °C, 24 h], LLAA pretreatment enhanced enzymatic digestibility from 23.1% for glucan and 11.3% for XMG (xylan + galactan + mannan) of untreated corn stover to 91.8% for glucan and 72.6% for XMG in pretreated solid.
Immunoglobulin G antibodies against Porphyromonas gingivalis or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in cardiovascular disease and periodontitis

ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim was to elucidate whether levels of circulating antibodies to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis correlate to loss of attachment, as a marker for periodontitis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Design: Sera were collected from 576 participants of the Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES). Immunoglobulin G antibodies against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and protein antigens from the a, b and c serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis were quantified by titration in ELISA plates coated with a mixture of antigens prepared by disintegration of bacteria. Results: Levels of antibodies against P. gingivalis (OR = 1.48) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (1.31) associated with periodontitis, as determined by univariable logistic regression analysis. These antibody levels also associated with CVD (1.17 and 1.37), respectively, However, after adjusting for other risk factors, including age, smoking, gender, alcohol consumption, overweight, and level of education using multivariable logistic regression analysis, only increasing body mass index (BMI; 1.09), previous smoking (1.99), and increasing age (decades) (2.27) remained associated with CVD. Increased levels of antibodies against P. gingivalis (1.34) remained associated with periodontitis after adjusting for other risk factors. Conclusions: CVD and periodontitis were associated with levels of IgG antibodies to P. gingivalis or A. actinomycetemcomitans in univariable analyses, but only the association of P. gingivalis antibody levels with periodontitis reached statistical significance after adjustment for common confounders. Age, in particular, influenced this relationship.
Cytotoxic or cytoprotective chaperones: An unfolded biology in oral lesions

Heat shock proteins (Hsp) or the molecular chaperones are observed in most cells of humans, microbes, and in extracellular and intracellular fluids. Hsps plays an essential role under most stress conditions at the cellular and subcellular levels. It presents cytoprotective properties by the modulation of cytokine release and immunity and is involved in various physiological and pathological events. A tight regulation of molecular chaperones monitors the folding/misfolding, internal localization, and proteolytic turnover of proteins. Despite their advantageous effects, Hsps also has disadvantageous role in intensifying the inflammation. They are potential mediators of oncogenesis as they are the key regulators of cellular growth and differentiation. The authors reviewed, an overview of the role of chaperones, with respect to the lesions affecting oral and para-oral structures. Correspondence to: Bina Kashyap, Department of Oral Pathology, Buraydah Private Dental College, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, Tel: +966 504663028; E-mail: binakashyap@yahoo.co.in
The Distribution of Pause Durations in Speech

The subject of this paper is the duration of individual pauses and their distribution over extensive tracts of speech uttered in a variety of situations. The determinants isolated include individuals and conditions of speech utterance (social, emotional, cognitive). The analysis of pause time into duration of individual pauses and pause frequency was shown to be more powerful in gauging the type of decision involved in the production of speech than either of these parameters alone.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards vaccinations in the school settings: an explorative survey

Summary Background Past researches have shown that schoolteachers’ (STs) interventions maximize the consent for vaccination programs. European data regarding knowledge, attitudes and practices of STs towards vaccination are otherwise lacking. Objectives The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate knowledge and attitudes of STs regarding vaccinations in a sample from North Italy. Material and methods In this cross sectional study, 154 STs from Lombardy region (Northern Italy) responded to a specific questionnaire assessing their attitude towards vaccination and vaccine related knowledge. Results In general, 88.3% of subjects were somehow favourable to vaccinations. The main reason for declining vaccination was the risk of side effects whereas the main reason to be vaccinated was to avoid to be infected by VPDs (67.6%). Main information sources were health professionals (75.3%), and new media (13.1%), and the latter were STs more frequently associated with a negative attitude towards vaccinations (p < 0.001). Eventually, regression analysis identified risk perception as positively associated with propensity towards vaccinations, both for Students- and STs-recommended vaccinations (B = 0.372, 95% CI 0.247 to 0.496 and B = 0.005, 95%CI 0.004 to 0.006, respectively). Conclusions Our results are consistent with previous reports suggesting a significant knowledge gap in STs, with the risk perception of infectious diseases as the main predictor for vaccine propensity. Moreover, the better knowledge of official vaccination recommendations and policies among STs identifying Health Professionals as information source enlightens the role of the School Physicians and Occupational Physicians, whose intervention may ultimately increase the vaccination acceptance and vaccination rates.
Human-specific evolution of sialic acid targets: Explaining the malignant malaria mystery?

Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum (“malignant malaria”) is one of the most devastating pathogens of humans (1). Plasmodium reichenowi, which infects chimpanzees and gorillas, is the closest relative of P. falciparum (2). In early 20th-century experiments (never to be replicated), blood from P. reichenowi-infected chimpanzees was injected into humans, but failed to produce infections (3). Conversely, chimpanzees injected with P.falciparum-infected human blood suffered no in fection. Taken together, these data suggested that each parasite had coevolved with its host, but did not rule out chimpanzee to human transmission, or vice versa. In this issue of PNAS, Rich et al. (4) provide an answer to this malignant malaria “mystery” and confirm a prediction that we and our colleagues made earlier (5).
The prognostic value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in pulmonary metastasectomy.

Background Although positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings are prognostic in lung cancer patients, the prognostic value of PET/CT findings in patients with pulmonary metastases has neither been comprehensively investigated nor clarified. The aims of this retrospective study were to evaluate the value of PET/CT and identify novel prognostic indicators for pulmonary metastasectomy. Methods Between May 2004 and February 2017, 178 patients underwent PET/CT and resection of pulmonary metastases. After exclusion of patients who underwent biopsy only or duplicate cases, 142 patients were analyzed. Prognostic indicators, including PET/CT findings and outcomes were investigated. Results The median follow-up time was 42 months. The primary tumor site was colorectal in 76, kidney in 14, head and neck in 13, breast in 12, stomach in 8, urinary tract in 7, and other organs in 12 patients. The median maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was 4.6. The optimal cut-off value, determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, identified the following cut-off values: disease-free interval (DFI) (12 months; SUVmax =4.5). Univariable analysis revealed that DFI ≤12 months, incomplete resection, and SUVmax ≥4.5 were significant for poor outcome. Multivariable analysis revealed incomplete resection and SUVmax ≥4.5 were significant for poor outcome. The 5-year survival rates of patients with SUVmax ≥4.5 and SUVmax <4.5 were 51.6% and 74.0%, respectively. Conclusions Analysis of patients undergoing pulmonary metastasectomy demonstrated that incomplete resection and an SUVmax ≥4.5 are significant prognostic indicators. PET/CT findings should be included in estimations of these patients' prognosis.
Extracting Parallel Paragraphs from Common Crawl

Abstract Most of the current methods for mining parallel texts from the web assume that web pages of web sites share same structure across languages. We believe that there still exists a non-negligible amount of parallel data spread across sources not satisfying this assumption. We propose an approach based on a combination of bivec (a bilingual extension of word2vec) and locality-sensitive hashing which allows us to efficiently identify pairs of parallel segments located anywhere on pages of a given web domain, regardless their structure. We validate our method on realigning segments from a large parallel corpus. Another experiment with real-world data provided by Common Crawl Foundation confirms that our solution scales to hundreds of terabytes large set of web-crawled data.
Generative adverserial networks for geometric surfaces prediction in injection molding: Performance analysis with Discrete Modal Decomposition

Geometrical and appearance quality requirements set the limits of the current industrial performance in injection molding. To guarantee the product's quality, it is necessary to adjust the process settings in a closed loop. Those adjustments cannot rely on the final quality because a part takes days to be geometrically stable. Thus, the final part geometry must be predicted from measurements on hot parts. In this paper, we use recent success of Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) with the pix2pix network architecture to predict the final part geometry, using only hot parts thermographic images, measured right after production. Our dataset is really small and the GAN learns to translate thermography to geometry. We firstly study prediction performances using different image similarity comparison algorithms. Moreover, we introduce the innovative use of Discrete Modal Decomposition (DMD) to analyze network predictions. The DMD is a geometrical parameterization technique using a modal space projection to geometrically describe surfaces. We study GAN performances to retrieve geometrical parameterization of surfaces.
- 0301 INCREMENT-Interactive Cluster Refinement

INCREMENT Interactive Cluster Refinement Logan Adam Mitchell Department of Computer Science, BYU Master of Science We present INCREMENT, a cluster refinement algorithm which utilizes user feedback to refine clusterings. INCREMENT is capable of improving clusterings produced by arbitrary clustering algorithms. The initial clustering provided is first sub-clustered to improve query efficiency. A small set of select instances from each of these sub-clusters are presented to a user for labelling. Utilizing the user feedback, INCREMENT trains a feature embedder to map the input features to a new feature space. This space is learned such that spatial distance is inversely correlated with semantic similarity, determined from the user feedback. A final clustering is then formed in the embedded space. INCREMENT is tested on 9 datasets initially clustered with 4 distinct clustering algorithms. INCREMENT improved the accuracy of 71% of the initial clusterings with respect to a target clustering. For all the experiments the median percent improvement is 27.3% for V-Measure and is 6.08% for accuracy.
SYNAPTICTRANSMISSIONIN THE DENTATE AREA OF THE UNANAESTHETIZED RABBIT FOLLOWING STIMULATION OF THE PERFORANT PATH

SUMMARY 1.Potential changes evoked bystimulation oftheperforant pathhave beenrecorded inthedentate areaofthehippocampal formation in chronically prepared unanaesthetized rabbits. 2.Components attributed toexcitatory synaptic current flowandto action potentials inthegranule cellpopulation weredistinguishable, withcharacteristics largely thesameasinanaesthetized. rabbits.
Different strategies of myocardial protection: the age of perfectionism.

Intraoperative myocardial protection obtained with administration of cardioplegia is one of the crucial aspects that determine the success of modern cardiac surgical procedures. After the onset of “elective” ischemia a cascade of biochemical reactions starts: due to reduced oxygen availability contractile failure of the myocardium can be observed leading to a stimulation of anaerobic metabolism.
Text Neck Epidemic: a Growing Problem for Smart Phone Users in Thailand

- This research study examined the rapid changes in computer user behavior among Thai internet users, and analyzed differences in the computer health risk between desktop users and mobile device users. The emphasis is on “Text Neck” which has become a global epidemic affecting millions of people of all ages using various computer devices. The purpose of this study was to consider the incidence and relationship between health problems, and Thai Internet users’ behavior on computer and smart devices. The main research instrument was an internet-based survey which yielded 642 responses. The research findings reflected that the text neck health problem in Thailand is growing. This survey found that the smart phone device was the most popular computer application rather than desktop computers as almost two thirds of Thais always have their smart phones with them. The research isolated other behaviors of Thai computer users that contribute to health problems as the survey found that almost two thirds of respondents never wear glasses to protect their eyes from the blue light that emanates from computer screens (64.33%). Almost one third of participants continuously worked on the computer without a break (30.84%). On occasions, 62.3 percent of users experienced pain in the neck and/or shoulder regions when working on the computer.
Predictors of motivation for substance abuse treatment in a sample of Iranian addicts

Abstract Motivation to quit substance abuse is a key element in encouraging patients to seek treatment but research to identify factors that may influence motivation has received less attention, particularly on treatment-seeking substance abusers in short-term residential camps. This study investigated predictors of motivation for substance abuse treatment among patients in short-term residential treatment. A total of 317 male substance abusers undergoing residential treatment were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and assessed typically at 5–7 days after admission. Motivation was measured by the Circumstances, Motivation, and Readiness scales (CMR). Using multiple regression analysis, factors considered to potentially predict motivation were assessed. The mean age of participants was 28.6 9 ±6.55 (range: 15–55) years. Participants were predominantly single (47.9%) and most were employed part-time (42.9%). Of the examined factors, perceived social support, drug avoidance self-efficacy, and drug quitting outcome expectancies emerged as important predictors of motivation (F = 9.548 with p < 0.001, R = 0.238), whereas demographic and substance use related variables did not (p > 0.05). Results of this study confirm that cognitive constructs such as perceived avoidance self-efficacy, perceived social support, and outcome expectancies need to be considered in treatment assessment and addressed in treatment implementation.
Bidirectional partial power converter interface for energy storage systems to provide peak shaving in grid-tied PV plants

The ever growing participation of modern renewable resources in electric markets has shaken the paradigm of generation-demand constant match. Most modern renewables add intermittent behaviour and high variability to electric markets, forcing other renewables and themselves to perform power curtailment and/or having extra generating units connected to the network to compensate power, voltage and frequency variations. In order to handle this scenario, Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) have risen as enabling technologies capable to provide backup energy to compensate power, voltage and frequency fluctuations and, at the same time, offer additional benefits as ancillary services, peak shaving, load shifting, base load generation, etc. This paper presents a novel bidirectional Partial Power Converter (PPC), as an interface between a Battery ESS (BESS) and a grid-tied Photovoltaic (PV) plant. To obtain a better understanding of the converter, its mathematical model is presented and its operation modes are explained. The main purpose of this configuration is to provide peak shaving capability to a grid-tied PV plant, while providing a high efficiency BESS. Simulation results show the operation of the full system (grid-tied PV plant and BESS), performing peak shaving under a step-down and up in solar irradiation.
Rumen protozoa and methanogenesis: not a simple cause–effect relationship

Understanding the interactions between hydrogen producers and consumers in the rumen ecosystem is important for ruminant production and methane mitigation. The present study explored the relationships between rumen protozoa, methanogens and fermentation characteristics. A total of six donor sheep harbouring (F, faunated) or not (D, defaunated) protozoa in their rumens (D animals were kept without protozoa for a period of a few months (D − ) or for more than 2 years (D+)) were used in in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro the absence of protozoa decreased NH3 and butyrate production and had no effect on methane. In contrast, the liquid-associated bacterial and methanogens fraction of D+ inocula produced more methane than D − and F inoculum (P < 0·05). In vivo fermentation parameters of donor animals showed the same trend on NH3 and butyrate and showed that D+ animals were high methane emitters, while D − were the lowest ( − 35 %). The concentration of dissolved dihydrogen measured after feeding followed the opposite trend. Methane emissions did not correlate with the relative abundance of methanogens in the rumen measured by quantitative PCR, but there was a trend for higher methanogens concentration in the solid-associated population of D+ animals compared with D − animals. In contrast, PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of methanogens' methyl coenzyme-M reductase A gene showed a clear clustering in liquid-associated fractions for all three groups of donors but fewer differences in solid-associated fractions. These results show that the absence of protozoa may affect differently the methanogen community and methane emissions in wethers.
A Study on the Categories of Internet Mass Events

The complexity of the Internet society determines the complexity of the mass events on the web.But Internet mass events usually have the same core--resistance.According to different subjects and objects of the resistance, Internet mass events have four different social characteristics.The study on the samples of each category indicates that they can be generally defined into different legal and social behaviors.Thus,when we determine the nature of these events,it is irrelevant to describe them as"behavioral disorder"or"improper behavior". Instead,we should dissertate about them within the concept of"social anomie",which will lead to the scientific notion of managing the events.
FABRICATION OF PLANT ARRAY CHIP FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT GERMINATION AND GROWTH RATE SCREENING OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA

This paper presents a novel approach to develop a plant array chip for high-throughput germination screening against various environmental factors applied to solid media. The plant array chip was constructed from poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), which was consisted of 20 vertical channels and 20  20 seed arrays. For plant growth, a precursor of phyto agar containing nutrients and hormones was embedded into the arrays prior to seeding. In this study, we investigated the effects of two different precursor conditions, which contained different concentrations of Murashige and Skoog (MS) media or abscisic acid (ABA), on the rate of plant growth. As expected, the MS media enhanced germination and cell growth, while ABA inhibited both.
Interim Report of Final Year Project HKU-Face : A Large Scale Dataset for Deep Face Recognition

Current development of face recognition usually encounters problems with its training dataset because of the small size and human labelling errors. This project proposes a general dataset construction and filtering process in order to tackle the problem efficiently. Several models in the literature are utilized but for the new purpose to filter the original dataset collected from the website. Current results show the impressive effectiveness of automatic filtering and purity enhancement after filtering. Subsequent research and experiment are needed for the further improvement of filtering process with lower false negative rate. After the completion of the project, facial dataset constructions are expected to accelerate with less human effort. Further studies based on it is expected to contribute more to the unsupervised learning in the general object recognition.