Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Postpartum Hemorrhage : Prevention and Treatment

It is not known nor is it recorded when the first death from postpartum hemorrhage occurred. It is certain, however, that such deaths have been occurring since the dawn of time. Since then, numerous efforts have been made throughout the world to prevent postpartum hemorrhage eg. the establishment of a national training system for midwives in Sweden in the late 1700s under the direction of the Swedish Collegium Medicum.
Analysis of the Swift Gamma‐Ray Bursts duration

Two classes of gamma‐ray bursts have been identified in the BATSE catalogs characterized by durations shorter and longer than about 2 seconds. There are, however, some indications for the existence of a third type of burst. Swift satellite detectors have different spectral sensitivity than pre‐Swift ones for gamma‐ray bursts. Therefore it is worth to reanalyze the durations and their distribution and also the classification of GRBs. Using The First BAT Catalog the maximum likelihood estimation was used to analyzed the duration distribution of GRBs. The three log‐normal fit is significantly (99.54% probability) better than the two for the duration distribution. Monte‐Carlo simulations also confirm this probability (99.2%).
Perceived barriers in the outdoor environment and development of walking difficulties in older people.

SIR—Older people with mobility limitations often report more barriers in their outdoor environment than people with intact mobility [1]. However, it is uncertain whether older people perceive their environment as problematic because of their mobility limitations or whether the environmental barriers precede incident mobility limitation, as most studies have been limited to cross-sectional analyses [2–5]. Only a few longitudinal studies have shown that barriers in the outdoor environment, such as poor street conditions, poor lighting and heavy traffic, increase the risk for overall functional loss [6, 7] and decrease physical activity participation [8]. More knowledge is needed about the characteristics of outdoor environments that threaten the mobility of older people [9]. The aim of the study reported in this letter was to explore whether perceived barriers in the outdoor environment predict development of difficulties in advanced and basic mobility among community-dwelling people who did not have walking difficulties at baseline. (Less)
Development of bio based plastic materials for packaging from soybeans waste

Demands of plastic material which increase with the increasing of human population encourage researchers to find alternative solution to replace petro based plastic. Thus, in the present study, a novel “green bioplastic” packaging was developed using soybean waste which is a major waste in soy sauce food industry. The evaluation of the effect of ratio of starch, soy waste and plasticizer in this bioplastic production was studied and their characteristics were compared with available bioplastics. Characteristics study was done in terms of burning test, water absorption capacity, thermal and tensile strength measurement and the result obtained were analyzed. The glass transition temperature (Tg) for soy waste bioplastic is 117˚C. The water absorption test shows that an increase in mass up to 114.17% which show large amount of water uptake capacity of this bioplastics. And about 38% of percentage loss was observed when compared with other novel bioplastics. The results clearly show that the amount of glycerol as a plasticizer had an inversely proportional relationship with the Glass Transition Temperature (Tg). The average maximum force value for tensile strength test is 6.71 N. The burning test show that the soy wastes bioplastic release a very faint smell of soy and glue-like substance. The flame ignited a Yellowish-Orange colour and released some sparks. Based on the overall results, soy-based have been proven to become an excellent bio-based packaging materials.Demands of plastic material which increase with the increasing of human population encourage researchers to find alternative solution to replace petro based plastic. Thus, in the present study, a novel “green bioplastic” packaging was developed using soybean waste which is a major waste in soy sauce food industry. The evaluation of the effect of ratio of starch, soy waste and plasticizer in this bioplastic production was studied and their characteristics were compared with available bioplastics. Characteristics study was done in terms of burning test, water absorption capacity, thermal and tensile strength measurement and the result obtained were analyzed. The glass transition temperature (Tg) for soy waste bioplastic is 117˚C. The water absorption test shows that an increase in mass up to 114.17% which show large amount of water uptake capacity of this bioplastics. And about 38% of percentage loss was observed when compared with other novel bioplastics. The results clearly show that the amount of glycero.
Space: A Final Frontier for Vacuolar Pathogens

There is a fundamental gap in our understanding of how a eukaryotic cell apportions the limited space within its cell membrane. Upon infection, a cell competes with intracellular pathogens for control of this same precious resource. The struggle between pathogen and host provides us with an opportunity to uncover the mechanisms regulating subcellular space by understanding how pathogens modulate vesicular traffic and membrane fusion events to create a specialized compartment for replication. By comparing several important intracellular pathogens, we review the molecular mechanisms and trafficking pathways that drive two space allocation strategies, the formation of tight and spacious pathogen‐containing vacuoles. Additionally, we discuss the potential advantages of each pathogenic lifestyle, the broader implications these lifestyles might have for cellular biology and outline exciting opportunities for future investigation.
Toward a machine-certified correctness proof of Wand ’ s type reconstruction algorithm

Although there are machine-certified proofs of correctness of Alg. W and Alg. J, the correctness proof of Wand’s type reconstruction has never been machine checked. We give here a brief description of our attempt at machine-certified proof of correctness of Wand’s algorithm. The correctness is essentially given in terms of completeness and soundness with respect to the Hindley-Milner type system. Unlike other works, we do not axiomatize MGUs.
CROCODIAL: Crosslingual Computer-mediated Dialogue

We describe a novel approach to crosslingual dialogue which allows for highly accurate communication of semantically complex content. The approach is introduced through an application in a B2B scenario. We are currently building a browser-based prototype for this scenario. The core technology underlying the approach is natural language generation. We also discuss how the proposed approach can complement Machine Translation-based solutions to crosslingual dialogue.
The pharmacokinetic interaction between mycophenolic acid and cyclosporine revisited: a commentary on “Mycophenolic acid glucuronide is transported by multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 and this transport is not inhibited by cyclosporine, tacrolimus or sirolimus”

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. The pharmacokinetic interaction between mycophenolic acid and cyclosporine revisited: a commentary on ”Mycophenolic acid glucuronide is transported by multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 and this transport is not inhibited by cyclosporine, tacrolimus or sirolimus”. Nicolas Picard
Recent advances in corneal transplantation for keratoconus

From the rise of modern corneal graft surgery in the late 1950s until recently, corneal transplantation for keratoconus almost exclusively consisted of a full‐thickness transplant, termed penetrating keratoplasty. This technique involved the removal of all of the layers of the patient's central cornea and replacement with a full‐thickness graft. Over approximately the past 20 years, a quiet revolution has occurred with the development of several other types of corneal transplantation surgery for keratoconus. In addition to full thickness grafts, several different types of partial thickness, lamellar grafts, have been developed and are viable alternatives to a full‐thickness graft in selected patients. The main aim of these lamellar grafts is to selectively replace the corneal stroma, leaving intact the patient's own Desçemet's membrane and endothelial cells, the main target of allograft transplant rejection. In this article, we review the current options with regard to corneal transplantation for keratoconus and review the evidence comparing newer and more established techniques.
Modeling and characteristics of bistaic scattering from rice canopy

This paper presents bistatic scattering response of rice canopy over growth stages based on a three-layer microwave scattering model, which is developed using the iterative solution of the vector radiative transfer equations up to the second order, and the dense medium phase and amplitude correction theory (DM-PACT) is used to improve the phase matrix taking coherent effects into account. To validate the model, ground-based measurements of backscattering coefficients over an entire rice-growth stage is used. Then, the bistatic scattering response of rice canopy is analyzed in respect of canopy components, including plant height, structure, soil moisture, and surface roughness, as well as their interactions with sensor configurations, such as frequency, polarization, and incident angle. The sensitivity analysis was carried out to demonstrate how the model reacts to changes of each input. The results show that bistatic scattering coefficient varies greatly over different stages, and is strongly dependent on rice plants' structure, including the size, shape, and orientation, especially stems.
Microfluidic drive for flexible brain implants

Abstract Flexible polyimide probes, used for neuronal signal acquisition, are thought to reduce signal deteriorating gliosis, improving the quality of recordings in brain machine interfacing applications. These probes suffer from the disadvantage that they cannot penetrate brain tissue on their own, owing to their limited stiffness and low buckling forces. A microfluidic device as an external micro-drive which aids in the insertion of flexible polyimide neural probes in 0.6% Agarose gel is presented here.
The Structure of the Temp Wage Gap in Slack Labor Markets

As a consequence of the rapid growth of temporary agency employment in Germany the debate on the remuneration of temporary agency workers has intensified recently. The study finds that the temp wage gap in Germany is indeed large. Decomposition reveals that the gap is mainly driven by differences in personal characteristics. Temps already suffer from a marked wage decline before entering the temporary help sector. Nevertheless, temporary help employment does not leave a long-lasting scar. After leaving the sector, workers no longer suffer from a wage penalty. A recent reform set a high incentive for temporary help agencies to pay their workers according to a collective agreement. Surprisingly, the unionization of the sector could not bring the widening wage gap to a halt.
The efficacy of powered toothbrushes following a brushing exercise: a systematic review.

AIM The primary objective was to determine, based on the available published evidence, the efficacy of powered toothbrushing following a brushing exercise and secondary to what magnitude this effect is dependent on the plaque index score, power supply and mode of action. MATERIAL AND METHODS The PubMed-MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched through and up to August 2014 to identify appropriate studies. The outcome measurement was the weighted mean (WM) percentage plaque score reduction of a full-mouth assessment following subject brushing. RESULTS The search yielded 2420 titles and abstracts. Ultimately, 58 articles with 146 brushing exercises as separate legs were selected. The overall effect of a powered brushing exercise provides a 46% WM plaque score reduction. One hundred and six experiments provided data as assessed according to the Quigley and Hein plaque index. The WM reduction from baseline in plaque scores was 36%. A WM plaque score reduction of 65% was observed in 39 experiments using the Navy plaque index. Subanalysis on power supply and mode of action showed WM plaque score reductions ranging from 33% up to 71% depending on plaque index score. CONCLUSION The efficacy in plaque removal following a brushing exercise using a powered toothbrush provides a WM plaque score reduction of 46% on average, with a range of 36-65% dependent on the index scale to score plaque. The available evidence indicates that the power supply (rechargeable or replaceable battery), mode of action, as well as brushing duration and type of instructions are factors which contribute to the variation in the observed efficacy.
Indirect Acquisition of Pain-Related Fear: An Experimental Study of Observational Learning Using Coloured Cold Metal Bars

Background Previous research has demonstrated that pain-related fear can be acquired through observation of another’s pain behaviour during an encounter with a painful stimulus. The results of two experimental studies were presented, each with a different pain stimulus, of which the aim was to investigate the effect of observational learning on pain expectancies, avoidance behaviour, and physiological responding. Additionally, the study investigated whether certain individuals are at heightened risk to develop pain-related fear through observation. Finally, changes in pain-related fear and pain intensity after exposure to the feared stimulus were examined. Methods During observational acquisition, healthy female participants watched a video showing coloured cold metal bars being placed against the neck of several models. In a differential fear conditioning paradigm, one colour was paired with painful facial expressions, and another colour was paired with neutral facial expressions of the video models. During exposure, both metal bars with equal temperatures (-25° or +8° Celsius) were placed repeatedly against participants’ own neck. Results Results showed that pain-related beliefs can be acquired by observing pain in others, but do not necessarily cause behavioural changes. Additionally, dispositional empathy might play a role in the acquisition of these beliefs. Furthermore, skin conductance responses were higher when exposed to the pain-associated bar, but only in one of two experiments. Differential pain-related beliefs rapidly disappeared after first-hand exposure to the stimuli. Conclusions This study enhances our understanding of pain-related fear acquisition and subsequent exposure to the feared stimulus, providing leads for pain prevention and management strategies.
Absent monofilament sensation in a type 2 diabetic feet

Abstract Neuropathy is a common complication which can affect up to 90% of patients with diabetes mellitus. Asymptomatic neuropathy is a common presentation. We present a case that emphasises the importance of foot screening in people with diabetes. It also highlights that patient education is key to prevent development of foot ulceration which can lead to amputations. In addition, pharmacological therapy (as per NICE guidance) can be offered for pain relief. Patients with diabetic neuropathy are at high risk of falling and sustaining fractures.
Effect of Probiotics, Garlic and Neem Leaf Powder Supplementation on Feed Efficiency in Caged Broiler

India being in tropical region of the world, the prevailing macro climatic conditions is mostly congenial to poultry production. Among the many subsectors of agriculture, livestock sector is gaining momentum in India and within the livestock sector, poultry occupies premium position. The contribution of livestock sectors to the country's GDP is $47.33 billion. The value of output from poultry sector is $ 8.26 billion during 2010-11. The organized sector of poultry industry is contributing 70% of its total output. India ranked 4 th largest meat producer in the world and producing about 2.337 million tones of chicken meat annually. Poultry industry in India is growing at the rate of 8 to 15 per cent annum. The per capita availability of poultry meat is 2.15 kg as against the recommendation of the National Institute of Nutrition at 11 kg of meat per annum (Prabakaran, 2012).
Distributed under Creative Commons Cc-by 4.0 the Role of Coral Colony Health State in the Recovery of Lesions

Coral disease literature has focused, for the most part, on the etiology of the more than 35 coral afflictions currently described. Much less understood are the factors that underpin the capacity of corals to regenerate lesions, including the role of colony health. This lack of knowledge with respect to the factors that influence tissue regeneration significantly limits our understanding of the impact of diseases at the colony, population, and community level. In this study, we experimentally compared tissue regeneration capacity of diseased versus healthy fragments of Gorgonia ventalina colonies at 5 m and 12 m of depth. We found that the initial health state of colonies (i.e., diseased or healthy) had a significant effect on tissue regeneration (healing). All healthy fragments exhibited full recovery regardless of depth treatment, while diseased fragments did not. Our results suggest that being diseased or healthy has a significant effect on the capacity of a sea fan colony to repair tissue, but that environmental factors associated with changes in depth, such as temperature and light, do not. We conclude that disease doesn't just compromise vital functions such as growth and reproduction in corals but also compromises their capacity to regenerate tissue and heal lesions.
Complex Glycan Catabolism by the Human Gut Microbiota: The Bacteroidetes Sus-like Paradigm

Trillions of microbes inhabit the distal gut of adult humans. They have evolved to compete efficiently for nutrients, including a wide array of chemically diverse, complex glycans present in our diets, secreted by our intestinal mucosa, and displayed on the surfaces of other gut microbes. Here, we review how members of the Bacteroidetes, one of two dominant gut-associated bacterial phyla, process complex glycans using a series of similarly patterned, cell envelope-associated multiprotein systems. These systems provide insights into how gut, as well as terrestrial and aquatic, Bacteroidetes survive in highly competitive ecosystems.
Targeting PI3K/mTOR Signaling in Cancer

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is very frequently activated in human cancer by a variety of genetic and epigenetic events. This pathway is thought to contribute to many of the hallmarks of cancer and a large array of agents targeting its key components are currently undergoing clinical testing in cancer patients. In addition to rapamycin analogs (“rapalogs”), which are approved for the treatment of multiple cancers, PI3K inhibitors are likely to be soon approved for B-cell malignancies (1, 2). In this research topic, we have assembled a collection of articles describing recent key aspects of the role of the PI3K/mTOR pathway in cancer and the development of targeted therapies. Martini et al. review the role of the different classes of PI3K isoforms as targets in oncology (3). Tzenaki and Papakonstanti focus on the role of the PI3K isoform p110δ in cancer (4). The role of the PI3K/mTOR pathway in cell cycle progression and metabolism is discussed by Vadlakonda and colleagues (5–7). Pardo and Seckl present an overview of S6K2, the p70 ribosomal S6 kinase homolog (8). Porta and colleagues present an up to date overview of the development of selective inhibitors of Akt, mTOR, and PI3K with a focus on the latest clinical trials (9). Weigelt and Downward review the genetic determinants of response to these targeted agents (10). Fox et al. discuss the potential of co-targeting PI3K and the estrogen receptor (ER) in breast cancer (11).
Identification of periodontitis associated changes in the proteome of whole human saliva by mass spectrometric analysis.

AIM Interest in human saliva proteomics for disease-specific biomarker screening increased in the last decade. We used whole saliva samples from periodontally healthy and diseased subjects with chronic periodontitis to screen for disease-associated differences in the protein pattern. MATERIAL AND METHODS We selected 20 periodontally healthy and 20 periodontally diseased subjects from the population-based cross-sectional Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-2 and SHIP-Trend). Saliva collection was performed with commercially available Salivette(®) (Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany). Whole saliva proteins were analysed after trichloroacetic acid (TCA) precipitation and proteolytic digestion with trypsin by LC-MS/MS. MS-data were analysed and quantified using the Rosetta Elucidator software package. RESULTS In whole saliva we identified 344 human protein groups across all samples. For label free quantitation we only considered 152 proteins identified with more than one unique peptide. In total, 20 proteins showed 1.5-fold difference in abundance between controls and patients (p < 0.05); the majority of these proteins showed higher abundance in the periodontally diseased subjects. Functional annotation of proteins linked the periodontally diseased status with acute phase response and inflammatory processes. CONCLUSION Label free proteomic analysis of whole saliva is a powerful tool to characterize the periodontal disease status and differentiate between healthy and periodontally diseased subjects.
Coordination specification in multi-agent systems: from requirements to architecture with the Tropos methodology

The goal of this paper is to propose a new methodology for designing coordination between human agents and software agents and, ultimately, among software agents. The methodology is based on two key ideas. The first is that coordination should be designed in steps, according to a precise software engineering methodology, and starting from the specification of early requirements. The second is that coordination should be modeled as dependency between actors. Two actors may depend on one another because they want to achieve goals, acquire resources or execute a plan. The methodology used is based on Tropos, an agent oriented software engineering methodology presented in earlier papers. The methodology is presented with the help of a case study.