Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis, Design, and Experimentation of an Isolated ZVT Boost Converter With Coupled Inductors

A novel isolated zero-voltage-transition (ZVT) boost converter with coupled inductors is proposed in this paper to satisfy the high power, high step-up, and isolated requirements. In the proposed converter, the input-parallel configuration is adopted to share the large input current and to reduce the conduction losses, while the output-series structure is employed to double the output voltage gain. Consequently, a transformer with a low turns ratio can be applied, which makes the transformer design and optimize easily. Moreover, the active clamp circuits are employed to reduce the switch voltage stress and to recycle the energy stored in the leakage inductance. The ZVT is achieved during the whole switching transition for all the active switches, so the switching losses can be reduced greatly. Furthermore, the diode reverse-recovery problem is partly solved due to the leakage inductance. In addition, the magnetic integration technology is applied to improve the efficiency and to reduce the magnetic component size. Finally, a 48-V input 380-V output 1-kW prototype operating with 100-kHz switching frequency is built and tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
Resting Energy Expenditure and Metabolic Parameters in Small for Gestational Age Moderately Preterm Infants

Aims: The purpose of the present study was to analyze resting energy expenditure (REE), hormonal parameters and lipid profile in small for gestational age (SGA) moderately preterm infants compared to their appropriate for gestational age (AGA) counterparts in the first week after birth. Methods: REE was measured in all participants using indirect calorimetry. Blood samples of all infants were collected at the same study point together with indirect calorimetry measurements. Results: A total of 32 infants including 16 preterm infants born SGA and 16 AGA preterm neonates were recruited for the study, with a mean gestational age of 35 ± 1 weeks in both groups. REE values in the SGA group were significantly increased compared to the AGA group data after birth (p < 0.002). Low-density lipoprotein levels from the AGA group were significantly higher (p = 0.002) when compared to the SGA infants. No other clinical differences in hormonal parameters, lipid profile or blood pressure levels were identified between the two groups. Conclusions: In addition to low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation is associated with a statistically significant increase in REE in SGA moderately premature infants shortly after birth, which requires further investigation when establishing nutritional recommendations in this cohort.
Application of Immobilized Fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium in Removal of Heavy-Metals from Wastewater

Immobilized microbe technologies are expected to be effectively used in wastewater treatment. Removal of heavy-metals from wastewater by immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Pc) with Ca-alginate and iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was studied. The results showed that a biosorbent as Pc immobilized by Ca-alginate and iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles was successfully developed. And the iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles played an important role in the increase of biosorption capacity of Pc. Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analysis confirmed that metal ions adsorbed to the surface of the biosorbents were partly transmitted to the interior of biosorbents, mainly embedded with iron oxide nanoparticles and Ca-alginate. Moreover, it was found that MNPs-Ca-alginate immobilized Pc showed a good affinity to various heavy metals, such as Pb(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) or Mg(II) and so on. The results proved the high efficiency of the biosorbents for heavy-metal removal and its potential application in the treatment of metal-containing wastewater.
Random evolution in massive graphs

Many massive graphs (such as the WWW graph and Call graphs) share certain universal characteristics which can be described by the so-called "power law. " In this paper, we, examine three important aspects of power law graphs, (1) the evolution of power law graphs, (2) the asymmetry of in-degrees and out-degrees, (3) the "scale invariance" of power law graphs. In particular, we give three increasingly general directed graph models and one general undirected graph model for generating power law graphs by adding at most one node and possibly one or more edges at a time. We show that for any given edge density and desired power laws for in-degrees and out-degrees, not necessarily the same, the resulting graph will almost surely have the desired edge density and the power laws for the in-degrees and out-degrees. Our most general directed and undirected models include nearly all known power law evolution models as special cases. Finally, we show that our evolution models generate "scale invariant" graphs. We describe a method for scaling the time in our evolution model such that the power law of the degree sequences remains invariant.
Management of complex spine surgery

Purpose of review The main objective of this article is to present the updated data regarding the perioperative management of patients undergoing major spine surgery in an era where the surgical techniques are changing and there is a high demand for these surgeries in older and high-risk patients. Recent findings Preoperative assessment and stabilization is now more structured protocol and it is based on a multidisciplinary approach to the patient. The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs and the Perioperative Surgical Home on major spine surgery are not yet fully evidence based but it seems that the use of a perioperative optimization of patients and use of a drugs’ bundle is more effective than using single drugs or interventions on the postoperative pain reduction and faster recovery from surgery. Fluid and pain-control protocols combined with an accurate blood management represent the key to success. Summary A tailored approach to patients undergoing major spine surgeries seems to be effective improving the outcome and quality of life of patients. Future studies should aim to understand which elements of the ERAS can be improved to allow the patient to have a long-term good outcome. Video abstract http://links.lww. com/COAN/A45
Standoff Detection Using Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave Spectroscopy

The millimeter (MM) wave and sub-MM wave (30-600 GHz) frequency band contains fundamental rotational and vibrational resonances of many molecular gases composed of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur. The high specificity of rotational spectra to organic molecules affords MM wave spectroscopy having potential use in remotely sensing atmospheric pollutants and the detection of airborne chemicals is important for arms control treaty verification, intelligence collection, and environmental monitoring. This paper considers the sensitivity requirements of radiofrequency receiver systems for measuring MM wave absorption/emission signatures. The significance of receiver sensitivity and material optical depth to sensing is highlighted. A background to the technology needed for sensing at MM and sub-MM wavelengths then provides the basis for a review of MM wave spectroscopy and its role on profiling the concentrations of trace polar molecules and ionized radicals in the high altitude atmosphere. The application of the MM wave spectroscopic technique in ambient conditions is then reviewed and the issues associated with developing the technique for standoff remote sensing is discussed.
Controlled Synthesis and Optical Properties of Colloidal Ternary Chalcogenide CuInS2 Nanocrystals

A facile method for the synthesis of size- and shape-controlled CuInS2 semiconductor nanocrystals was developed by thermolysis of a mixed solution of CuAc, In(Ac)3 (molar ratio of CuAc to In(Ac)3 = 1:1) and dodecanethiol in noncoordinating solvent 1-octadecene (ODE) at 240 °C. CuInS2 nanoparticles with size of 2 to ∼5 nm and nanorods with aspect ratio of 1 to ∼3 were obtained by adjusting the reaction parameters such as temperature and time. The as-prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, UV−vis absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The nanoparticle solutions exhibit tunable absorption and PL spectra with the absorption edge ranging from 550 to 750 nm and PL emission peaks from 600 to 750 nm, indicating a strong size-dependent quantum confinement effect. Optical measurements of the CuI.
Perception and Memory in Chess

No wonder you activities are, reading will be always needed. It is not only to fulfil the duties that you need to finish in deadline time. Reading will encourage your mind and thoughts. Of course, reading will greatly develop your experiences about everything. Reading perception and memory in chess studies in the heuristics of the prodessional eye is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages. The advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.
Hybrid CMOS Rectifier Based on Synergistic RF-Piezoelectric Energy Scavenging

This paper presents a novel CMOS hybrid rectifier that can simultaneously and efficiently scavenge energy from a low-amplitude radio-frequency (RF) signal and a low-frequency, low-energy signal from a piezoelectric (PZT) transducer. The piezoelectric signal is used for biasing a complimentary, cross-coupled rectifier (CCCR) chain to an operating point such that the RF signal energy can be efficiently harvested, even if its amplitude is well below the threshold voltage (VTH) of the rectifier transistors. The device sizes for the proposed design have been optimized to achieve the maximum DC output voltage and the proposed design is shown to effectively eliminate dead-zones in the rectifier response. The measurement results show that a 6-stage hybrid rectifier (HR) can generate up to 1 V DC output voltage at a load current of 3 μA when a 300 mV peak-to-peak, 13.56 MHz RF signal is applied in conjunction with a 10 KHz, 2 V piezoelectric signal. Using measured results from prototypes fabricated in a 90 nm CMOS process, the proposed HR is shown to yield a significant improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) for low levels of input power when compared to a conventional CCCR that has been implemented on the same die.
Optimal Test Distributions for Software Failure Cost Estimation

We generalize the input domain based software reliability measures by E.C. Nelson (1973) and by S.N. Weiss and E.J. Weyuker (1988), introducing expected failure costs under the operational distribution as a measure for software unreliability. This approach incorporates in the reliability concept a distinction between different degrees of failure severity. It is shown how to estimate the proposed quantity by means of random testing, using the Importance Sampling technique from Rare Event Simulation. A test input distribution that yields an unbiased estimator with minimum variance is determined. The practical application of the presented method is outlined, and a detailed numerical example is given. >
Evaluation of the Baxter-MicroScan 4-hour enzyme-based yeast identification system

A new 4-h Yeast Identification Panel (YIP; Baxter-MicroScan, W. Sacramento, Calif.) was compared with the API 20C Yeast Identification System (Analytab Products, Inc., Plainview, N.Y.) in the identification of recent clinical yeast isolates. The YIP had a 94% correlation (288 of 306) in identifying 22 species within the genera Candida, Hansenula, Pichia, Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces, and Torulopsis. Correlation dropped to 65% for those species within the genera of slower growing yeasts, i.e., Blastoschizomyces spp. , Crpytococcus spp. , Geotrichum spp. , Hyphopichia spp. , Phaeococcomyces spp. , Prototheca spp. , and Trichosporon spp. Overall correlation with the API 20C was 92% (365 of 401) for those taxa included in the data base and 85% (373 of 437) for all yeasts encountered in the study. There were 36 (8.2%) discrepant identifications, which were due in part to the limited data base. Expansion of the data base plus the easy inoculation, reading, and rapid results of the YIP should make it an excellent method for yeast identification.
Synergistic Association between Two Alcohol Metabolism Relevant Genes and Coronary Artery Disease among Chinese Hypertensive Patients

Objective Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial and polygenic disease. The aim of this study was to examine the association between six polymorphisms of four alcohol metabolism relevant genes (ADH1B, ADH1C, ALDH1b1, ALDH2) and the risk of CAD in Han Chinese. Methods and Results This was a hospital-based case-control study involving 1365 hypertensive patients. All study subjects were angiographically confirmed. Genotypes were determined with ligase detection reaction method. There was no observable deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for six examined polymorphisms in controls. The genotype and allele distributions of ALDH1b1 rs2073478 and ALDH2 rs671 polymorphisms differed significantly between the two groups (P≤0.005), even after the Bonferroni correction. The most common allele combination was A-C-C-G-C-G (alleles in order of rs1229984, rs1693482, rs2228093, rs2073478, rs886205, rs671) and its frequency was slightly higher in controls than in CAD patients (P = 0.067). After assigning the most common allele combination as a reference, allele combination A-C-C-T-C-A, which simultaneously possessed the risk alleles of rs2073478 and rs671 polymorphisms, was associated with a 1.80-fold greater risk of CAD. Further, a two-locus model including rs2073478 and rs671 that had a maximal testing accuracy of 0.598 and a cross-validation consistency of 10 (P = 0.008) was deemed as the overall best MDR model, which was further validated by classical Logistic regression model. Conclusion Our findings provide clear evidence for both individual and interactive associations of ALDH1b1 and ALDH2 genes with the development of CAD in Han Chinese.
Dendritic Spikes in Sensory Perception

What is the function of dendritic spikes? One might argue that they provide conditions for neuronal plasticity or that they are essential for neural computation. However, despite a long history of dendritic research, the physiological relevance of dendritic spikes in brain function remains unknown. This could stem from the fact that most studies on dendrites have been performed in vitro. Fortunately, the emergence of novel techniques such as improved two-photon microscopy, genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs), and optogenetic tools has provided the means for vital breakthroughs in in vivo dendritic research. These technologies enable the investigation of the functions of dendritic spikes in behaving animals, and thus, help uncover the causal relationship between dendritic spikes, and sensory information processing and synaptic plasticity. Understanding the roles of dendritic spikes in brain function would provide mechanistic insight into the relationship between the brain and the mind. In this review article, we summarize the results of studies on dendritic spikes from a historical perspective and discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the role of dendritic spikes in sensory perception.
Zebrafish as a novel model system to study the function of caveolae and caveolin-1 in organismal biology.

Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) was first identified as a marker protein for the purification of caveolae organelles.1–3 Subsequently, it was later determined that Cav-1 expression is essential for caveolae formation.4,5 Thus, Cav-1(−/−)-deficient mice morphologically lack caveolae organelles. Surprisingly, these mice are viable and fertile.4,5 In striking contrast, zebrafish (Danio rerio) lacking Cav-1 display important developmental abnormalities and embryonic lethality. These novel findings by Fang et al are described and highlighted in this issue of The American Journal of Pathology.6
House vacancy at urban areas in China with nocturnal light data of DMSP-OLS

Night light brightness value by remote sensing has been important data source for urban context studies owning to be objective, real time, low cost and connection with spatial data easily. Housing is a critical issue for urban development. House vacancy can be calculated by two indicators. One of which is using houses, and another one is total houses. Night light data and house price will be employed to do the calculation of house vacancy. The authors of this paper would like to compare data of night light brightness value with DMSP-OLS and house price with statistic report within fifty cities in China, as well as analyze the pops issues of real estate industry among these cities with remote sensing and GIS techniques to get boundaries and the brightness value of them, While correlation and regression analysis will be employed to conducted the result. The conclusion like that: there are big gaps of using house and owing house. Efficient policy for solving housing problem depends on the decisions of local authorities of cities.
Tunable bandstop filters using defected ground structure with active devices

In this paper, tunable bandstop filters using defected ground structure (DGS) sections are presented. The DGS section is obtained by etching the conventional ground plane. To adjust the stopband, voltage controlled variable capacitor diodes (VVC) are equipped on the DGS section. The center frequency of the filter is varied from 1.44 GHz to 3.19 GHz as the reverse bias voltage is changed from 0 V to 20 V. The stopband of the proposed filter has a tunable range of 76%. Using more than two DGS units, deeper suppression and wider tunable bandwidth are yielded. Good agreements between the simulated and measured results are obtained.
Electrical conductivity of waterborne polyurethane/graphene composites prepared by solution mixing

Hydrothermal method was used to convert graphene oxide to graphene in water. Polyvinylpyrrolidone was added to improve dispersion of graphene and form a stable graphene solution with a high concentration. This stable graphene solution was used to mix with waterborne polyurethane (WPU) to prepare WPU/graphene composites. The electrical conductivity of WPU was greatly improved with incorporation of graphene, and when the filling amount of graphene is 4.0 wt%, the conductivity of the composite reaches 8.30 × 10−4 S cm−1, which is a little higher than that of the composite prepared by in situ method.
A CaVβ SH3/Guanylate Kinase Domain Interaction Regulates Multiple Properties of Voltage-gated Ca2+ Channels

Auxiliary Ca2+ channel β subunits (CaVβ) regulate cellular Ca2+ signaling by trafficking pore-forming α1 subunits to the membrane and normalizing channel gating. These effects are mediated through a characteristic src homology 3/guanylate kinase (SH3–GK) structural module, a design feature shared in common with the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family of scaffold proteins. However, the mechanisms by which the CaVβ SH3–GK module regulates multiple Ca2+ channel functions are not well understood. Here, using a split-domain approach, we investigated the role of the interrelationship between CaVβ SH3 and GK domains in defining channel properties. The studies build upon a previously identified split-domain pair that displays a trans SH3–GK interaction, and fully reconstitutes CaVβ effects on channel trafficking, activation gating, and increased open probability (P o). Here, by varying the precise locations used to separate SH3 and GK domains and monitoring subsequent SH3–GK interactions by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), we identified a particular split-domain pair that displayed a subtly altered configuration of the trans SH3–GK interaction. Remarkably, this pair discriminated between CaVβ trafficking and gating properties: α1C targeting to the membrane was fully reconstituted, whereas shifts in activation gating and increased P o functions were selectively lost. A more extreme case, in which the trans SH3–GK interaction was selectively ablated, yielded a split-domain pair that could reconstitute neither the trafficking nor gating-modulation functions, even though both moieties could independently engage their respective binding sites on the α1C (CaV1.2) subunit. The results reveal that CaVβ SH3 and GK domains function codependently to tune Ca2+ channel trafficking and gating properties, and suggest new paradigms for physiological and therapeutic regulation of Ca2+ channel activity.
Functional and Structural Correlates of Motor Speed in the Cerebellar Anterior Lobe

In athletics, motor performance is determined by different abilities such as technique, endurance, strength and speed. Based on animal studies, motor speed is thought to be encoded in the basal ganglia, sensorimotor cortex and the cerebellum. The question arises whether there is a unique structural feature in the human brain, which allows “power athletes” to perform a simple foot movement significantly faster than “endurance athletes”. We acquired structural and functional brain imaging data from 32 track-and-field athletes. The study comprised of 16 “power athletes” requiring high speed foot movements (sprinters, jumpers, throwers) and 16 endurance athletes (distance runners) which in contrast do not require as high speed foot movements. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to identify speed specific regions of interest in the brain during fast and slow foot movements. Anatomical MRI scans were performed to assess structural grey matter volume differences between athletes groups (voxel based morphometry). We tested maximum movement velocity of plantarflexion (PF-Vmax) and acquired electromyographical activity of the lateral and medial gastrocnemius muscle. Behaviourally, a significant difference between the two groups of athletes was noted in PF-Vmax and fMRI indicates that fast plantarflexions are accompanied by increased activity in the cerebellar anterior lobe. The same region indicates increased grey matter volume for the power athletes compared to the endurance counterparts. Our results suggest that speed-specific neuro-functional and -structural differences exist between power and endurance athletes in the peripheral and central nervous system.
The incidences of trisomy 8, trisomy 9 and D20S108 deletion in polycythaemia vera: an analysis of blood granulocytes using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization

We have used interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (IFISH) to detect trisomy 8, trisomy 9 and 20q deletion in circulating granulocytes from patients with polycythaemia vera (PV). Out of 64 PV patients, 15 (23%) exhibited an abnormality. Two patients had trisomy 9, three had trisomy 8 and 10 patients had hemizygous deletion of D20S108 (a locus in the 20q common deleted region). Aberrant nuclei ranged from 10% to 80% in these 15 cases. There was no correlation between the presence of a marker and sex, age, interval between presentation and IFISH analysis, neutrophil or platelet count or therapy. Conventional marrow cytogenetic karyotype results were available in 23 cases and there was concurrence between these and blood IFISH in 16 cases (13 normal and three with 20q/D20S108 deletion by both methods). Three patients with D20S108 deletion by IFISH were normal by previous marrow cytogenetic testing and four cases with 20q deletion by previous marrow cytogenetics had normal blood granulocytes according to IFISH. Thus, we confirm that trisomies 8 and 9 and deletion of 20q are diagnostically useful markers of PV. IFISH analysis of blood granulocytes is a practical method for detecting these markers, but as an adjunct to, not as a substitute for, conventional marrow cytogenetics.