Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutrition of Malaysians: where are we heading ?

Rapid and marked socioeconomic advancements in Malaysia for the past two decades have brought about significant changes in the lifestyles of communities. These include significant changes in the dietary patterns of Malaysians, eg the increase in consumption of fats and oils and refined carbohydrates and a decreased intake of complex carbohydrates. This resulted in a decline in the proportion of energy from carbohydrates, while an increase in the percentage contribution of fat has been observed. Changes in meal patterns are also evident: more families eat out, busy executives skip meals, the younger generation miss breakfasts and rely too much on fast foods. Many Malaysians have the mistaken belief that the taking of vitamin and mineral supplements can make up for the lack of these nutrients in their daily diets. In addition, communities have become generally more sedentary. All these changes have brought about undesirable effects with significant proportions of the affluent segments of the population being afflicted with various non-communicable diseases associated with overnutrition, namely obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease and cancers. Nutrition activities and programmes are now being directed to tackle this increasing trend, whilst still attempting to eliminate the undernutrition problems. The ultimate strategy towards achieving a healthy nation is the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, including inculcating a culture of healthy eating. Comprehensive long term programmes, including a series of Healthy Lifestyle (HLS) Programmes have been carried out by the government. Launched in 1991 for six consecutive years, the first phase of the Programme comprised one thematic campaign each year, commencing with coronary heart disease and ending with diabetes mellitus. To further strengthen this long-term strategy, another series of activities to be carried out under the second phase of the HLS programme from 1997 to 2002 was launched within the framework of the National Plan of Action on Nutrition (NPAN) for Malaysia. The implementation of these programmes is, however, a challenge to health and nutrition workers. There is a need to examine the strategies for nutrition education to ensure more effective dissemination of information. The challenge is to determine how best to promote healthy eating within the present scenerio of rapid urbanisation, "western" dietary pattern influence, a whole barrage of convenience and "health" foods and nutrition misinformation. Malaysia continues to march ahead with its development plans to elevate the nation and its people to an even higher level of socio-economic status. The crucial question is: are we able to arrest the increase in these diet-related chronic diseases ? Or are we heading towards further deterioration in dietary pattern and increase in these diseases ? It will be a difficult and challenging journey ahead, requiring the concerted effort of all in the country. It is hoped that through this conference of sharing experiences with other Asian countries, a better understanding and improved strategies could be arrived at.
Understanding, attitude and environment

Purpose – This paper is written to add to current knowledge of the views of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) discipline early career researchers (ECRs) about creativity. It aims to explore their understandings of and attitudes towards creativity, as well as their perceptions of which environmental factors facilitate creative research. By discussing the findings in the context of earlier work, the paper seeks to challenge developers to re‐examine current practice in developing creativity by suggesting a broader and deeper approach than is currently often taken.Design/methodology/approach – The paper reports on a qualitative study which collected data from semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with STEM researchers. A thematic analysis was performed on the data.Findings – This research demonstrates that young researchers have a complex range of perceptions of creativity, and that negative attitudes towards it are common in the STEM environment. Three key environmental facilitators of cr.
A Systematic Review of Web-Based Interventions for Patient Empowerment and Physical Activity in Chronic Diseases: Relevance for Cancer Survivors

Background Patient empowerment reflects the ability of patients to positively influence their health and health behavior such as physical activity. While interactive Web-based interventions are increasingly used in various chronic disease settings to enhance empowerment and physical activity, such interventions are still uncommon for cancer survivors. Objective The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding interactive Web-based interventions. We focused on interventions aimed at increasing patient empowerment and physical activity for various chronic conditions, and explored their possible relevance for cancer survivors. Methods Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus to identify peer-reviewed papers reporting on randomized controlled trials that studied the effects of Web-based interventions. These interventions were developed for adults with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, or cancer. Intervention characteristics, effects on patient empowerment and physical activity, information on barriers to and facilitators of intervention use, users’ experiences, and methodological quality were assessed. Results were summarized in a qualitative way. We used the recommendations of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) regarding cancer survivorship care to explore the relevance of the interventions for cancer survivors. Results We included 19 papers reporting on trials with 18 unique studies. Significant, positive effects on patient empowerment were reported by 4 studies and 2 studies reported positive effects on physical activity. The remaining studies yielded mixed results or no significant group differences in these outcomes (ie, no change or improvement for all groups). Although the content, duration, and frequency of interventions varied considerably across studies, commonly used elements included education, self-monitoring, feedback/tailored information, self-management training, personal exercise program, and communication (eg, chat, email) with either health care providers or patients. Limited information was found on barriers, facilitators, and users’ experiences. Methodological quality varied, with 13 studies being of moderate quality. The reported Web-based intervention elements appeared to be highly relevant to address the specific needs of cancer survivors as indicated by the IOM. Conclusions We identified 7 common elements of interactive, Web-based interventions in chronic disease settings that could possibly be translated into eHealth recommendations for cancer survivors. While further work is needed to determine optimal intervention characteristics, the work performed in other chronic disease settings provides a basis for the design of an interactive eHealth approach to improve patient empowerment and physical activity in cancer survivors. This may subsequently improve their health status and quality of life and reduce their need for supportive care.
3-D Display by Referenceless Phase Holography

Referenceless phase holography (RELPH) is a new method for generating full optical wavefields with predetermined intensity and phase. The method is based on the interference of two mutually coherent phase fields modulated by two spatial light modulators of the liquid crystal on silicon type. Contrary to classical holography, this approach does not reconstruct twin images, thus it is a promising candidate for future holographic 3-D TV. After introduction into the theory of RELPH, the technical realization is discussed and the first results are presented.
Fuzzy inference system for Internet traffic load forecasting

Conventional statistical analysis of Internet traffic data is often employed to determine traffic distribution, to summarize users behavior patterns, or to predict future network traffic for network management and planning. However, the statistical techniques like autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models fail to capture some peculiar network traffic characteristics like Self-similarity, Long-range dependency (LRD), etc. With rapid growth of Internet, accurate and reliable forecasting is essential for the network resource management. Therefore, the present work explores to utilize computational intelligence techniques like fuzzy logic to predict Internet traffic data pattern. This paper presents the development of Fuzzy inference system (FIS) for one benchmark dataset and one real dataset. The experimental results of the FIS of the benchmark dataset Mackey-Glass series and real dataset JNU LAN traffic data collected for one hour are presented. The performance of the FIS is estimated using cross-validation method by measuring root mean square error (RMSE).
Current Status of Nonculture Methods for Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Infections

SUMMARY The incidence of invasive fungal infections has increased dramatically in recent decades, especially among immunocompromised patients. However, the diagnosis of these infections in a timely fashion is often very difficult. Conventional microbiologic and histopathologic approaches generally are neither sensitive nor specific, and they often do not detect invasive fungal infection until late in the course of disease. Since early diagnosis may guide appropriate treatment and prevent mortality, there has been considerable interest in developing nonculture approaches to diagnosing fungal infections. These approaches include detection of specific host immune responses to fungal antigens, detection of specific macromolecular antigens using immunologic reagents, amplification and detection of specific fungal nucleic acid sequences, and detection and quantitation of specific fungal metabolite products. This work reviews the current status and recent developments as well as problems in the design of nonculture diagnostic methods for invasive fungal infections.
La randonnée vertueuse d’élèves de Grandes Écoles issus de « milieux populaires »

Le sujet de cet article est l’excellence scolaire atypique. A l’issue de l’analyse d’entretiens comprehensifs realises aupres de 45 eleves de Grandes Ecoles issus de « milieux populaires », nous montrons qu’au-dela d’une « affaire de famille », ces excellences scolaires atypiques apparaissent comme le resultat d’un cercle vertueux de la reussite scolaire (CVRS), defini comme un processus cumulatif, spatial et temporel combinant a la fois (f)acteurs familiaux et extra-familiaux. Le CVRS structure par les trois dimensions que sont les orientations, le statut de « bon eleve » et l’engagement, prend plus specifiquement la forme d’une randonnee vertueuse. Au final, nous presentons le potentiel heuristique de l’hypothese du CVRS.
A 0.36 pJ/bit, 0.025 mm${}^{\text{2}}$, 12.5 Gb/s Forwarded-Clock Receiver With a Stuck-Free Delay-Locked Loop and a Half-Bit Delay Line in 65-nm CMOS Technology

This paper describes a power and area-efficient forwarded-clock (FC) receiver and includes an analysis of the jitter tolerance of the FC receiver. In the proposed design, jitter tolerance is maximized according to the analysis by employing a delay-locked loop (DLL) based de-skewing. A sample-swapping bang-bang phase-detector (SS-BBPD) eliminates the stuck locking caused by the finite delay range of the voltage-controlled delay line (VCDL), and also reduces the required delay range of the VCDL by half. The proposed FC receiver is fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology and occupies an active area of 0.025 mm2. At a data rate of 12.5 Gb/s, the proposed FC receiver exhibits an energy efficiency of 0.36 pJ/bit, and tolerates 1.4-UIpp sinusoidal jitter of 300 MHz.
Variation in Incidence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders With Season of Birth

Background: The etiologies of autism spectrum disorder and many neurodevelopmental disorders are largely unknown. The detection of a seasonal variation of birth of children diagnosed with a certain disorder could suggest etiological factors that follow a seasonal pattern. We examined the seasonal variation of births of children diagnosed with any of 4 common childhood neuropsychiatric disorders: autism spectrum disorder, hyperkinetic disorder, Tourette syndrome, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: The study cohort consisted of all children born in Denmark from 1990 through 1999 identified in the Danish Medical Birth Register (n = 669,995). Outcome data consisted of both inpatient and outpatient diagnoses reported to the Danish National Psychiatric Registry from 1995 through 2004 using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, diagnostic coding system. Logistic regression combined with spline (a smoothing method) was used to estimate the variation with season of birth for each disorder. Estimates of risk of each disorder with season of birth were adjusted for differences in follow-up time and change in incidence over time. Results: No convincing variations in season of birth were observed for any of the 4 disorders, or for the autism-spectrum-disorder subtypes. Conclusion: Although we cannot rule out the possibility of seasonal variation of birth for a range of childhood neurodevelopmental disorders, we find little evidence that seasonal environmental factors are related to these disorders.
Trading quality for compile time: ultra-fast placement for FPGAs

The demand for high-speed FPGA compilation tools has occured for three reasons: first, as FPGA device capacity has grown, the computation time devoted to placement and routing has grown more dramatically than the compute power of the available computers. Second, there exists a subset of users who are willing to accept a reduction in the quality of result in exchange for a high-speed compilation. Third, high-speed compile has been a long-standing desire of users of FPGA-based custom computing machines, since their compile time requirements are ideally closer to those of regular computers. This paper focuses on the placement phase of the compile process, and presents an ultra-fast placement algorithm targeted to FPGAs. The algorithm is based on a combination of multiple-level, bottom-up clustering and hierarchical simulated annealing. It provides superior area results over a known high-quality placement tool on a set of large benchmark circuits, when both are restricted to a short run time. For example, it can generate a placement for a 100,000-gate circuit in 10 seconds on a 300 MHz Sun UltraSPARC workstation that is only 33% worse than a high-quality placement that takes 524 seconds using a pure simulated annealing implementation. In addition, operating in its fastest mode, this tool can provide an accurate estimate of the wirelength achievable with good quality placement. This can be used, in conjunction with a routing predictor, to very quickly determine the routability of a given circuit on a given FPGA device.
Orthogonal pulse shape design via semidefinite programming

In digital communications, orthogonal pulse shapes are often used to represent message symbols for transmission through a channel. The design of such pulse shapes is formulated as a convex semidefinite programming problem, from which a globally optimal pulse shape can be efficiently found using interior point methods. The formulation is used to design filters which achieve the minimal bandwidth for a given filter length, and the minimal filter length for a given bandwidth. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by the design of waveforms with substantially improved performance over the 'chip' waveforms specified in the standards for digital mobile telecommunications.
Model-driven Software Refactoring

In this chapter, we explore the emerging research domain of modeldriven software refactoring. Program refactoring is a proven technique that aims at improving the quality of source code. Applying refactoring in a model-driven software engineering context raises many new challenges such as how to define, detect and improve model quality, how to preserve model behavior, and so on. Based on a concrete case study with a state-of-the-art model-driven software development tool, AndroMDA, we will explore some of these challenges in more detail. We propose to resolve some of the encountered problems by relying on well-understood techniques of meta-modeling, model transformation and graph transformation.
Novel KAT6B-KANSL1 Fusion Gene Identified by RNA Sequencing in Retroperitoneal Leiomyoma with t(10;17)(q22;q21)

Retroperitoneal leiomyoma is a rare type of benign smooth muscle tumor almost exclusively found in women and with histopathological features similar to uterine leiomyomas. The pathogenesis of retroperitoneal leiomyoma is unclear and next to nothing is known about the cytogenetics and molecular genetics of the tumor. Here we present the first cytogenetically analyzed retroperitoneal leiomyoma. It had a t(10;17)(q22;q21) as the sole chromosomal abnormality. Using RNA-Sequencing and the ‘grep’ command to search the fastq files of the sequence data we found that the translocation resulted in fusion of the genes KAT6B (10q22) with KANSL1 (17q21). RT-PCR together with direct (Sanger) sequencing verified the presence of a KAT6B-KANSL1 fusion transcript. No reciprocal KANSL1-KAT6B transcript was amplified suggesting that it was either absent or unexpressed. The KAT6B-KANSL1 fusion transcript consists of exons 1 to 3 of KAT6B and exons 11 to 15 of KANSL1, is 3667 bp long, has a 1398 bp long open reading frame, and codes for a 466 amino acid residue protein. The corresponding KAT6B-KANSL1 protein contains the NEMM domain (including the linker histone H1/H5, domain H15) of KAT6B and the PEHE domain of KANSL1. The function of the fusion protein might be regulation of transcription with an affinity for chromatin (linker histone H1/H5) and interaction with the HAT domain of KAT8 (PEHE domain). The tumor expressed HMGA2 and HMGA1 even though 12q14-15 and 6p looked normal by G-banding analysis. The tumor also expressed MED12 in the absence of exon 2 mutations. Overall, the data show that the examined retroperitoneal leiomyoma resembles a subset of uterine leiomyomas in terms of histology and genetics.
Remote operations and interactions for systems of arbitrary-dimensional Hilbert space: State-operator approach

We present a systematic simple method for constructing deterministic remote operations on single and multiple systems of arbitrary discrete dimensionality. These operations include remote rotations, remote interactions, and measurements. The resources needed for an operation on a two-level system are one ebit and a bidirectional communication of two cbits, and for an n-level system, a pair of entangled n-level particles and two classical ``nits. '' In the latter case, there are $n\ensuremath{-}1$ possible distinct operations per n-level entangled pair. Similar results apply for generating interaction between a pair of remote systems, while for remote measurements only one-directional classical communication is needed. We further consider remote operations on N spatially distributed systems, and show that the number of possible distinct operations increases here exponentially, with the available number of entangled pairs that are initially distributed between the systems. Our results follow from the properties of a hybrid state-operator object (stator), which describes quantum correlations between states and operations.
Intermodal Perception and Selective Attention to Intersensory Redundancy: Implications for Typical Social Development and Autism

Introduction The world of objects and events floods our senses with continuously changing multimodal stimulation, but we can attend to only a small portion of this stimulation at any time. The organization of our senses plays a fundamental role in guiding and constraining what we attend to, perceive, learn, and remember from this flux of multimodal stimulation. A fundamental challenge for the infant is to develop economical skills of attentional shifting that maximize the pickup of relevant information, coherent across time and space, and minimize the pickup of information that is irrelevant and incoherent across time and space (E. J. Gibson, 1969). It is critical that we process multimodal stimulation from single, unitary events and follow their flow of action. For example, we must selectively attend to a single person speaking and follow the flow of dialogue, rather than attending to disconnected streams ofaudirory and visual stimulation from unrelated but concurrent events. How do we accomplish these challenging tasks? Tn this chapter, I review what is known aboU(how these skills emerge and develop across infancy. I argue that the overlap across unique forms of stimulation from the different senses plays a powerful role in this developmental process. This overlap provides "amodal" redundant information (such as temporal synchrony, rhyrhm, or intensity, common across more than one sense modality) which guides and constrains what we attend to, perceive, learn, and remember, particularly in early development when atten-tional resources are most limited. Detection of amodal information effectively simplifies and organizes incoming sensory stimulation and provides a basis for perceiving unitary Bahrick, L. E. (2010). Intermodal perception and selective attention to intersensory redundancy: Implications for typical social development and autism. In G. Bremner & T. D. Wachs (Eds.). Blackwell handbook of infant development: 2nd ed. (pp. objects and events rather than the "blooming, buzzing, confusion" postulated long ago by William James (1890, Vol. 2, p. 488). Most perception is "intermodal" (also referred to as intersensory or multi modal) and includes perception of social and nonsocial events, the self, and stimulation from all the senses and their combinations. In order to reduce the scope of [his chapter, I focused on some topics at the expense of others. I include primarily the development of auditory-visual perception (a topic of much infant resea rch) at the expense of tactile, gustatory, and olfactory perception. I also focus on the development of intermodal perception of the self and social …
How do children learn to actively control their explicit biases: The role of recursive reasoning about mental states and group norms?

Navigating the social world requires sophisticated cognitive machinery that, although present quite early in crude forms, undergoes significant change across the lifespan. This book will be the first to report on evidence that has accumulated on an unprecedented scale, showing us what capacities for social cognition are present at birth and early in life, and how these capacities develop through learning in the first years of life. The volume will highlight what is known about the discoveries themselves but also what these discoveries imply about the nature of early social cognition and the methods that have allowed these discoveries ― what is known concerning the phylogeny and ontogeny of social cognition. To capture the full depth and breadth of the exciting work that is blossoming on this topic in a manner that is accessible and engaging, the editors invited 70 leading researchers to develop a short report of their work that would be written for a broad audience. The purpose of this format was for each piece to focus on a single core message: are babies aware of what is right and wrong, why do children have the same implicit intergroup preferences that adults do, what does language do to the building of category knowledge, and so on. The unique format and accessible writing style will be appealing to graduate students and researchers in cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, and social psychology.