Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anomaly detection to evaluate in-class learning process using distance and density approach of machine learning

This study explores k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) on distance approach and local outlier factor (LOF) on density approach for anomaly detection in an in-class evaluation scores dataset. The dataset used for this study is class evaluation scores dataset from Character Building courses performed by a Junior High School in Salatiga, Central Java. The experimentation results show LOF based with density approach outperforms accuracy of k-NN with distance approach in detecting anomalous data from the input dataset.
Dietary Iron , ‘ Mate ’ Intake and Breast Cancer Risk : A Case-Control Study in Uruguay

Copyright: © 2017 Ronco AL, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. *Corresponding author: Alvaro L Ronco, MD, Unit of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Pereira Rossell Women’s Hospital, Montevideo, Uruguay, E-mail: alv.ronco58@gmail.com
War of the Iguanas: conflicting molecular and morphological phylogenies and long-branch attraction in iguanid lizards.

Recent studies based on different types of data (i.e., morphology, molecules) have found strongly conflicting phylogenies for the genera of iguanid lizards but have been unable to explain the basis for this incongruence. We reanalyze published data from morphology and from the mitochondrial ND4, cytochrome b, 12S, and 16S genes to explore the sources of incongruence and resolve these conflicts. Much of the incongruence centers on the genus Cyclura, which is the sister taxon of Iguana, according to parsimony analyses of the morphology and the ribosomal genes, but is the sister taxon of all other Iguanini, according to the protein-coding genes. Maximum likelihood analyses show that there has been an increase in the rate of nucleotide substitution in Cyclura in the two protein-coding genes (ND4 and cytochrome b), although this increase is not as clear when parsimony is used to estimate branch lengths. Parametric simulations suggest that Cyclura may be misplaced by the protein-coding genes as a result of long-branch attraction; even when Cyclura and Iguana are sister taxa in a simulated phylogeny, Cyclura is still placed as the basal member of the Iguanini by parsimony analysis in 55% of the replicates. A similar long-branch attraction problem may also exist in the morphological data with regard to the placement of Sauromalus with the Galápagos iguanas (Amblyrhynchus and Conolophus). The results have many implications for the analysis of diverse data sets, the impact of long branches on parsimony and likelihood methods, and the use of certain protein-coding genes in phylogeny reconstruction.
WFST based Unit Selection for Conc in European Por

The goal of the current work is to use Weighted Finite-State Transducers (WFSTs) to model the unit selection task, in a concatenative Text-to-Speech system. One of the major difficulties is the design of a perceptually meaningful cost function that weights and combines several features of the available inventory units, matching them to the target information. The WFST approach allows for great flexibility, as well as an elegant formulation for the unit selection problem. Although there is a price to pay in terms of processing power and memory, one of its main advantages is that it allowed us to experiment with different approaches to the problem.
The role of NMDA receptor‐dependent activity of noradrenergic neurons in attention, impulsivity and exploratory behaviors

Activity of the brain's noradrenergic (NA) neurons plays a major role in cognitive processes, including the ability to adapt behavior to changing environmental circumstances. Here, we used the NR1DbhCre transgenic mouse strain to test how NMDA receptor‐dependent activity of NA neurons influenced performance in tasks requiring sustained attention, attentional shifting and a trade‐off between exploration and exploitation. We found that the loss of NMDA receptors caused irregularity in activity of NA cells in the locus coeruleus and increased the number of neurons with spontaneous burst firing. On a behavioral level, this was associated with increased impulsivity in the go/no‐go task and facilitated attention shifts in the attentional set‐shifting task. Mutation effects were also observed in the two‐armed bandit task, in which mutant mice were generally more likely to employ an exploitative rather than exploratory decision‐making strategy. At the same time, the mutation had no appreciable effects on locomotor activity or anxiety‐like behavior in the open field. Taken together, these data show that NMDA receptor‐dependent activity of brain's NA neurons influences behavioral flexibility.
Breast Cancer Survivorship: Patient Characteristics and Plans for High-Quality Care

Abstract The number of breast cancer survivors has increased and this increase is expected to continue, likely as a result of population and age growth, the implementation of earlier detection strategies, and the development of more effective therapies. Breast cancer treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and hormonal therapy. Breast cancer survivors may develop various long-term adverse effects from these therapies. Care of the survivor may transition eventually to the primary care physician. Survivorship care plans have been developed to facilitate care transition, guide the content and coordination of posttreatment care, and engender greater self-management of health by cancer survivors. Guidelines for posttreatment follow-up care are discussed in this article, and interventions that patients may practice to promote a healthy lifestyle also are presented.
Exploring Large Scholarly Networks with Hermes

Every year, the number of scientific publications increases, adding complexity to the networks of collaborations, citations, and topics, in which papers are embedded. Analyzing these networks with efficient tools is important to help researchers identify relevant works and understand scientific impact. However, available tools face several limitations, indicating that there is still room for improvement. We present Hermes, a prototype for exploring large and heterogeneous scholarly networks. Hermes allows users to seamlessly navigate diverse types of networks within a single graph, spanning hundreds of millions of nodes and relationships. Our prototype achieves reasonable responsiveness on commodity hardware through: a) comprehensive indexing, b) a careful coupling of a graph database and a search engine, and c) incremental processing of temporal queries. In this demonstration, we explain the techniques we adopt and illustrate how to use Hermes for exploring theMicrosoft Academic Graph.
Clinical Images: A Rare Case of Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis in an Immunocompetent Patient.

Central nervous system (CNS) cryptococcal infection occurs when the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans , normally a harmless airway colonizer, infects the CNS space, resulting in meningitis, encephalitis, or meningoencephalitis. Cryptococcus is rarely the cause of serious infection in
Customer targeting models using actively-selected web content

We consider the problem of predicting the likelihood that a company will purchase a new product from a seller. The statistical models we have developed at IBM for this purpose rely on historical transaction data coupled with structured firmographic information like the company revenue, number of employees and so on. In this paper, we extend this methodology to include additional text-based features based on analysis of the content on each company's website. Empirical results demonstrate that incorporating such web content can significantly improve customer targeting. Furthermore, we present methods to actively select only the web content that is likely to improve our models, while reducing the costs of acquisition and processing.
Feigned neurocognitive deficit: Taxon or dimension?

The purpose of this study was to explore the latent structure of feigned neurocognitive deficit. Scores on the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), Letter Memory Test (LMT), and Victoria Symptom Validity Test (VSVT) served as indicators in a taxometric investigation of 527 compensation-seeking adults using three taxometric procedures—mean above minus below a cut (MAMBAC), maximum covariance (MAXCOV), and latent-mode factor analysis (L-Mode). All three procedures showed evidence of dimensional latent structure. The fact that feigned neurocognitive symptomatology is ordered along a continuum rather than bifurcating into distinct categories has important implications for theory, research, and clinical practice.
A smartphone-based indoor localisation system using FM and Wi-Fi signals

Indoor localisation has the potential to revolutionise the way people navigate indoors, similar to the tremendous impact that GPS has had on outdoor navigation. A number of solutions have been proposed for indoor localisation but most rely on specialised hardware or on the presence of a strong (access point) infrastructure. Many places do not have such infrastructure, thus limiting the use of these indoor localisation technologies. We propose a smartphone-based solution using FM and Wi-Fi signals that uses commercial off-the-shelf hardware which can be connected as and when required and thus addresses some of the potential privacy concerns. We show through our experiments that the proposed system can be used even in areas with low FM and Wi-Fi signal coverage. Our system achieves a mean localisation error of 2.84 m with a 90th percentile error of 4.03 m. In addition, we show the robustness of our system in a realistic and challenging environment by using a 4 month old training database.
The Identity Problem for Matrix Semigroups in SL2(ℤ) is NP-complete

In this paper, we show that the problem of determining if the identity matrix belongs to a finitely generated semigroup of 2 × 2 matrices from the modular group PSL2(ℤ) and thus the Special Linear group SL2(ℤ) is solvable in NP. From this fact, we can immediately derive that the fundamental problem of whether a given finite set of matrices from SL2(ℤ) or PSL2(ℤ) generates a group or free semigroup is also decidable in NP. The previous algorithm for these problems, shown in 2005 by Choffrut and Karhumaki, was in EXPSPACE mainly due to the translation of matrices into exponentially long words over a binary alphabet {s, r} and further constructions with a large nondeterministic finite state automaton that is built on these words. Our algorithm is based on various new techniques that allow us to operate with compressed word representations of matrices without explicit expansions. When combined with the known NP-hard lower bound, this proves that the membership problem for the identity problem, the group problem and the freeness problem in SL2(ℤ) are NP-complete.
A MULTI-LEAF FARADAY CUP ESPECIALLY FOR PROTON THERAPY OF OCULAR TUMORS

For tumor therapy with protons it is crucial to know the beam range with a high accuracy. The Multi-leaf Faraday Cup (MLFC) offers a quick and precise range or energy measurement. To adapt the principle of a MLFC to the eye tumor therapy requirements is a challenging task, due to the necessary accuracy in the sub mm regime. The first prototype has 42 channels; each consists of a 10 μm copper foil, connected to an ammeter, next to a 25 μm Kapton foil. An incoming proton beam creates a current of some pA in a certain channel with respect to its energy.
Sad Man’s Nose: Emotion Induction and Olfactory Perception

Emotional and olfactory processing is frequently shown to be closely linked both anatomically and functionally. Depression, a disease closely related to the emotional state of sadness, has been shown to be associated with a decrease in olfactory sensitivity. The present study focuses on the state of sadness in n = 31 healthy subjects in order to investigate the specific contribution of this affective state in the modulation of olfactory processing. A sad or indifferent affective state was induced using 2 movies that were presented on 2 separate days. Afterward, chemosensory-evoked potentials were recorded after stimulation with an unpleasant (hydrogen sulfide: “rotten eggs”) or a pleasant (phenyl ethyl alcohol: “rose”) odorant. Latencies of N1 and P2 peaks were longer after induction of the sad affective state. Additionally, amplitudes were lower in a sad affective state when being stimulated with the unpleasant odorant. Processing of olfactory input has thus been reduced under conditions of the sad affective state. We argue that the affective state per se could at least partially account for the reduced olfactory sensitivity in depressed patients. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to show influence of affective state on chemosensory event-related potentials.
Social influence of product popularity on consumer decisions: usability study of Flickr camera finder

"Product popularity" is in-depth explored in this paper, regarding its practical role within a consumer's decision process. Specifically, the usability evaluation of a novel product finder service (Flickr Camera Finder) shows that users more frequently consulted it, rather than a standard shopping site, to locate popular products. User comments further revealed their credibility concerns and tendency to trust the "popularity" from social resources. Design implications from the experiment are summarized at the end, indicating suggestive directions to integrate social media data to boost current e-commerce decision tools.
Packetized-LTE Physical Layer Framework for Coexistence Experiments

Spectrum scarcity has been driving cellular operators to utilize unlicensed spectrum in conjunction with licensed bands to deliver mobile data to its Long-Term Evolution (LTE) users, offloading the fully allocated LTE bands. However, the use of LTE in unlicensed spectrum creates numerous challenges as the fair coexistence with other technologies. A myriad of experimental works tackles the problems involved in the coexistence of different radio access technologies (RAT) in unlicensed spectrum, however, they do not cover all aspects of the problem and fail to provide the framework adopted in the experiments for reproducible research. Therefore, in this demo we present a highly configurable packetized-LTE PHY open-source framework for coexistence experiments. The framework allows the evaluation and comparison of different coexistence techniques.
Closed-Loop Efficient Searching of Optimal Electrical Stimulation Parameters for Preferential Excitation of Retinal Ganglion Cells

The ability for visual prostheses to preferentially activate functionally-distinct retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is important for improving visual perception. This study investigates the use of high frequency stimulation (HFS) to elicit RGC activation, using a closed-loop algorithm to search for optimal stimulation parameters for preferential ON and OFF RGC activation, resembling natural physiological neural encoding in response to visual stimuli. We evaluated the performance of a wide range of electrical stimulation amplitudes and frequencies on RGC responses in vitro using murine retinal preparations. It was possible to preferentially excite either ON or OFF RGCs by adjusting amplitudes and frequencies in HFS. ON RGCs can be preferentially activated at relatively higher stimulation amplitudes (>150 μA) and frequencies (2–6.25 kHz) while OFF RGCs are activated by lower stimulation amplitudes (40–90 μA) across all tested frequencies (1–6.25 kHz). These stimuli also showed great promise in eliciting RGC responses that parallel natural RGC encoding: ON RGCs exhibited an increase in spiking activity during electrical stimulation while OFF RGCs exhibited decreased spiking activity, given the same stimulation amplitude. In conjunction with the in vitro studies, in silico simulations indicated that optimal HFS parameters could be rapidly identified in practice, whilst sampling spiking activity of relevant neuronal subtypes. This closed-loop approach represents a step forward in modulating stimulation parameters to achieve appropriate neural encoding in retinal prostheses, advancing control over RGC subtypes activated by electrical stimulation.
Mate-Searching Behaviour of Common and Rare Wasps and the Implications for Pollen Movement of the Sexually Deceptive Orchids They Pollinate

Pollinator behaviour directly affects patterns of pollen movement and outcrossing rates in plants. In orchids pollinated by sexual deception of insects, patterns of pollen movement are primarily determined by the mate-searching behaviour of the deceived males. Here, using a capture-mark-recapture study (CMR) and dietary analysis, we compare mate-searching behaviour in relation to local abundance of two pollinator species and explore the implications for pollen movement in sexually deceptive Drakaea (Orchidaceae). Drakaea are pollinated solely by the sexual deception of male thynnine wasps. The rare Drakaea elastica and widespread D. livida occur sympatrically and are pollinated by the rare but locally common Zaspilothynnus gilesi, and the widespread and abundant Z. nigripes, respectively. Local abundance was significantly different with Z. nigripes twice as abundant as Z. gilesi. For the 653 marked wasps, there was no significant difference in median movement distance between Z. gilesi and Z. nigripes. However, the maximum movement distance was twice as high for Z. gilesi (556 m) compared with Z. nigripes (267 m). This is up to three times greater than previously reported for thynnines in CMR studies. Recapture rates were six times higher in Z. gilesi (57%) compared to Z. nigripes (9%). Pollen loads and wasp longevity were similar, suggesting that this difference in recapture rate arises due to differences in the number of males moving at a scale >500 m rather than through diet or mortality. Differences in the frequency of longer movements may arise due to variation in the spatial distribution of the wingless females. We predict that pollen movement will largely be restricted to within populations of Drakaea (<500 m), with few movements between populations (>500 m).
Preserving Integrity in the Face of Performance Threat

Self-affirmation produces large effects: Even a simple reminder of one’s core values reduces defensiveness against threatening information. But how, exactly, does self-affirmation work? We explored this question by examining the impact of self-affirmation on neurophysiological responses to threatening events. We hypothesized that because self-affirmation increases openness to threat and enhances approachability of unfavorable feedback, it should augment attention and emotional receptivity to performance errors. We further hypothesized that this augmentation could be assessed directly, at the level of the brain. We measured self-affirmed and nonaffirmed participants’ electrophysiological responses to making errors on a task. As we anticipated, self-affirmation elicited greater error responsiveness than did nonaffirmation, as indexed by the error-related negativity, a neural signal of error monitoring. Self-affirmed participants also performed better on the task than did nonaffirmed participants. We offer novel brain evidence that self-affirmation increases openness to threat and discuss the role of error detection in the link between self-affirmation and performance.
Mitochondrial Diseases

Mitochondria contain the respiratory chain enzyme complexes that carry out oxidative phosphorylation and produce the main part of cellular energy in the form of ATP. Although several proteins related with signalling, assembling, transporting, and enzymatic function can be impaired in mitochondrial diseases, most frequently the activity of the respiratory chain protein complexes is primarily or secondarily affected, leading to impaired oxygen utilization and reduced energy production. Mitochondrial diseases usually show a chronic, slowly progressive course and present with multiorgan involvement with varying onset between birth and late adulthood. Neuromuscular system is frequently affected in mitochondrial diseases. Although there is actually no specific therapy and cure for mitochondrial diseases, the understanding of the pathophysiology may further facilitate the diagnostic approach and open perspectives to future in mitochondrial diseases.
First report of a gryporhynchid tapeworm ( Cestoda : Cyclophyllidea ) from New Zealand and from an eleotrid fish , described from metacestodes and in vitro-grown worms

Metacestodes are often found in the body cavity of the common bully (Gobiomorphus cotidianus McDowall), from freshwater habitats in Otago, New Zealand. Identification of metacestodes relies only on the number, size and shape of the rostellar hooks. To attempt species determination, we cultivated metacestodes in vitro for up to 23 days, during which they matured to at least the male stage of development, although female organs were not discernable. Identified as members of the genus Paradilepis Hsü, 1935 (family Gryporhynchidae), these specimens are compared to previously described species, in particular P. minima (Goss, 1940), from Australia, the closest species, both geographically and morphologically. Although the size of scolex, suckers and proglottids differ significantly from those of P. minima, we are cautious about interpreting ‘adults’ grown in vitro, because we are unsure whether the artificial conditions alter development. For this reason, and because of the lack of female organs, we refrain from erecting a new species, and refer to the specimens as Paradilepis cf. minima until such time as the adults are found in the definitive host. With this proviso we present here a description of the in vitro-grown worms and the metacestodes as a preliminary study of this cestode. A molecular analysis of small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequences, shows the position of P. cf. minima and another gryporhynchid, Neogryporhynchus cheilancristrotus (Wedl, 1855), to be equivocal, but confirms their exclusion from the Dilepididae and Hymenolepididae. This is the first record of a gryporhynchid from New Zealand, and the first from the fish family Eleotridae.