Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CRMP2 Participates in Regulating Mitochondrial Morphology and Motility in Alzheimer’s Disease

Mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics (alterations in morphology and motility of mitochondria) play critical roles in neuronal reactions to varying energy requirements in health and disease. In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mitochondria undergo excessive fission and become less motile. The mechanisms leading to these alterations are not completely clear. Here, we show that collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) is hyperphosphorylated in AD and that is accompanied by a decreased interaction of CRMP2 with Drp1, Miro 2, and Mitofusin 2, which are proteins involved in regulating mitochondrial morphology and motility. CRMP2 was hyperphosphorylated in postmortem brain tissues of AD patients, in brain lysates, and in cultured cortical neurons from the double transgenic APP/PS1 mice, an AD mouse model. CRMP2 hyperphosphorylation and dissociation from its binding partners correlated with increased Drp1 recruitment to mitochondria, augmented mitochondrial fragmentation, and reduced mitochondrial motility. (S)-lacosamide ((S)-LCM), a small molecule that binds to CRMP2, decreased its phosphorylation at Ser 522 and Thr 509/514, and restored CRMP2′s interaction with Miro 2, Drp1, and Mitofusin 2. This was paralleled by decreased Drp1 recruitment to mitochondria, diminished mitochondrial fragmentation, and improved motility of the organelles. Additionally, (S)-LCM-protected cultured cortical AD neurons from cell death. Thus, our data suggest that CRMP2, in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, participates in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology and motility, and modulates neuronal survival in AD.
Novel Single Switch DC to DC Converter for PV Applications

In general, the increasing cost in fossil fuel and CO2 emissions has led to the interest in renewable energy resources. Natural resources produce renewable energy which can be replaced or regenerated fast than we use. The benefits of renewable sources are, it reduces some kinds of air pollution and increases the energy supply diversity and decreasing the dependence on imported fuels. Photovoltaic (PV), which is considered as one of the renewable energy resources, using PV materials and equipment solar energy is converted into electrical energy and a cell is a single photovoltaic device. Now a days, photovoltaic technology is becoming more popular as a leading source of renewable energy in various nations, including the United Arab Emirates, India, Sweden, and Germany. The output voltage of PV is the function of irradiance and temperature, operating point and it also causes to vary.
Bounds for discounted stochastic scheduling problems

Suppose that π is a policy for resource allocation in a stochastic environment and π ∗ is an optimal policy. Two existing procedures for policy evaluation are described and compared. Both of these evaluate π by means of upper bounds on R(π ∗) – R(π), the total reward lost when making resource allocations according to π rather than π∗. The bounds developed by these two methods are called Type 1 and Type 2. We demonstrate by example that neither of these procedures dominates the other in the sense of always yielding tighter bounds. A modification to Type 2 bounds is proposed resulting in an improved procedure which always dominates the Type 1 approach.
A VR Enabled Visualization System for Race Suit Design

In this paper, we propose a virtual reality technique enabled visual-ization system for race suits design, allowing designers to observe the design work from a near-real perspective of users. We take the skiing-jumping race suit design as an example to demonstrate the core idea. Firstly, the system automatically constructs a virtual com-petition venue according to the real field settings. A digital avatar scanned from an athlete is dressed in a designed race suit. Then the avatar is given a sequence of preset sports motions to act in the virtual competition venue. The system can synthesize the traditional user's views for designers to observe via virtual reality devices and improve the efficiency of the race suit design workflow.
Robust cycles unfolding from conservative bifocal homoclinic orbits

ABSTRACT We prove that suspended robust heterodimensional cycles and suspended robust homoclinic tangencies can be found arbitrarily close to any non-degenerate bifocal homoclinic orbit of a Hamiltonian vector field. In order to achieve this result, we show that any diffeomorphism with a saddle-node periodic point, which has both quasi-transversal and tangential strong homoclinic intersections, can be approximated by diffeomorphisms with both, robust homoclinic tangencies and a robust heterodimensional cycles. As explained in the paper, Hamiltonian vector fields with non-degenerate bifocal homoclinic orbits are exhibited in the limit family of any generic unfolding of a four-dimensional nilpotent singularity of codimension four. Supported by the achieved results, we conjecture that suspended robust cycles can be generically unfolded from such singularities.
Advances in the Potential Application of 3D Food Printing to Enhance Elderly Nutritional Dietary Intake

The contradiction between the growing demand from consumers for “nutrition & personalized” food and traditional industrialized food production has consistently been a problem in the elderly diet that researchers face and discuss. Three-dimensional (3D) food printing could potentially offer a solution to this problem. This article reviews the recent research on 3D food printing, mainly including the use of different sources of protein to improve the performance of food ink printing, high internal phase emulsion or oleogels as a fat replacement and nutrition delivery system, and functional active ingredients and the nutrition delivery system. In our opinion, 3D food printing is crucial for improving the appetite and dietary intake of the elderly. The critical obstacles of 3D-printed food for the elderly regarding energy supplements, nutrition balance, and even the customization of the recipe in a meal are discussed in this paper. By combining big data and artificial intelligence technology with 3D food printing, comprehensive, personalized, and customized geriatric foods, according to the individual traits of each elderly consumer, will be realized via food raw materials-appearance-processing methods. This article provides a theoretical basis and development direction for future 3D food printing for the elderly.
UAV-Based P-Band SAR Tomography With Long Baseline: A Multimaster Approach

Due to the advantage of flexible and rapid deployment, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based synthetic aperture radar (SAR) tomography (TomoSAR) is a promising technology in 3-D urban mapping. The long baseline is indispensable for P-band SAR systems to achieve high elevation resolution. It will introduce two problems. On the one hand, the unavoidable spatial decorrelation brings serious phase noise and sidelobes in 3-D imaging. On the other hand, the noticeable image distortion fails the image registration and the TomoSAR data stack (TDS) construction. Aiming at the above problems, this article proposes a multimaster (MM) TomoSAR approach via three main contributions. First, the traditional TomoSAR signal model is extended to the MM case to improve the number of baselines and the average image coherence of the TDS and suppress the sidelobes. Second, a short-baseline-recursion image registration method is proposed to achieve high-precision image registration. Third, a TDS optimization processing consisting of interferometric SAR (InSAR) phase screening and baseline sign reassignment is introduced. Moreover, a clustering-based outliers’ elimination method is also adopted to ensure the 3-D imaging quality. Computer simulation and long-baseline P-band UAV-SAR experiment validate the proposed approach.
A STUDY ON ISOENZYME POLYMORPHISM IN THE TSETSE FLY GLOSSINA MORSITANS

Polymorphism was studied for a number of enzyme systems in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans. Enzyme polymorphism was observed for α‐glycerophospate dehydrogenase, aldehyde oxidase and esterases. For esterases, the operation of null alleles was assumed, as otherwise no explanation could be given for the observed frequencies of the variants.
Graph Mutual Mapping Transfer Networks for Machine Fault Diagnosis

Graph neural network (GNN) as the mainstream method of graph processing in deep learning plays an important role in processing non-Euclidean spatial data. However, insufficient training samples weaken the model's transfer performance and feature generalization ability. What is more, the complicated calculations of the convolutional neural network used in GNN lead to low convergence speed. Therefore, this article proposes a novel neural network, named graph mutual mapping transfer network (GMMTN), to improve the transfer effect and increase the convergence rate. The proposed method first maps the source and target domain samples to make the samples evenly distributed in different domains, which improves the overall transfer effect. After that, the graph generation and multireceptive field map convolutional network modeling are carried out. Then, the classifier and domain discriminator are used for unsupervised adaptation to improve model generalization. Experimental results show that the proposed GMMTN method has significant fault diagnosis accuracy.
Image Analysis for Mandibular Molar and Post-Core Prosthesis

A normal mandibular molar and its post-core prosthesis were embedded in periodontal support simulated by composite resin and formed a embedded block with size 18 mm×16 mm×22 mm.By digital optical test,their displacement and strain were obtained under a vertical applied force.Meanwhile,mechanical characteristic were analyzed.Based on the study,the following results are obtained. (1) With loads at the same level,the strain of post-core prosthesis is higher than the strain of original molar;therefore,high occlusion loads should be avoided. (2)By post-core prosthesis,advantage of inherent geometry features of left root can be taken,which is a gradual process of dispersing occlusion loads. (3)It is proved that the digital optical method is an alternative means in stomatology.
Improved Nonlinear Predictor-corrector Interior Point Method for Optimal Power Flow

An improved nonlinear predictor-corrector interior point method is proposed. A hypercube projection technology which has been applied in multiple-centrality-correction interior point method (MCC-IPM) is introduced to the correction stage of the proposed method. The structure of projection space is improved by setting some key parameters rationally to make the method get good iteration step lengths only by one correction calculation. So the method can converge to the optimal solution rapidly. The numerical performance of the proposed method is evaluated on four power systems ranging in size from 14 buses to 118 buses. Computational results demonstrate that this technique is fast, robust, and its iteration time is equal to the MCC-IPM with four centrality-correction for every iteration.
Error Resilience Evaluation of Approximate Storage in the Motion Compensation of VVC Decoders

This paper presents an error resilience evaluation when approximate storage is employed on the Memory of Reconstructed Frames in the Motion Compensation step of VVC decoders. An error injection framework for memory operations is defined to simulate approximate storage using a set of typical DRAM and SRAM Bit Error Rates. Moreover, the resilience of the Motion Compensation is measured considering the final visual quality of the decoded frames. Experimental results demonstrate the resilience to approximation in the context of VVC decoders' motion compensation and indicate the potential of exploiting approximate storage for the Memory of Reconstructed Frames.
Performance Measurement of Distributed Systems via Single-Host Parallel Requesting using (Single, Multi and Pool) Threads

Distributed systems and cloud computing are essential in IT (ICT). Scholars have not contemplated merging distributed systems and cloud computing to measure execution time in milliseconds and capacity in gigabytes. Distributed Systems and Cloud Computing Execute Time and Capacity Methodology This title covered two networking types. Multi-scenario distributed networking begins. A TCP socket links a client-server application (Transmission Control Protocol). This example also networks between computers. In another example, Remote Method Invocation Technology (RMI) links subservers to the main server to handle all client inquiries. Second-generation networking involves distributed systems and cloud computing. Google's API downloaded files to my machine and sent them to the main server. Other examples include using numerous computers or a client server software on the same machine. Multi-client and server threads helped the system find correct results. Pool threads were used elsewhere. This thesis examines execution time and file capacity. The system showed how cloud computing affects distributed systems in two ways to apply many scenarios and draw conclusions (execution time and capacity). This project utilizes TCP sockets, RMI, and API. Threads and a hash table software structure were used to load data into the system between the client and the server.
Underwater Localization of AUVs in Motion Using Two-Way Travel Time Measurements With Unknown Sound Velocity

For an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) underwater localization system based on acoustic two-way travel time measurements, the motion of the AUV during the interrogation-reception time interval, unknown underwater sound velocity, and beacon calibration error affect the performance of the positioning solution. Ignoring these factors significantly deteriorates the performance of the localization system. This paper focuses on the localization problem of AUV in motion with an unknown sound velocity and beacon calibration error. The Cramér–Rao lower bound of the concerned localization problem is first derived as the performance bound of an unbiased estimator. Next, through multi-stage processing, we design a closed-form solution that can attain the corresponding performance bound under small measurement noise conditions. Furthermore, considering that the AUV motion velocity is typically much lower than the sound velocity in practical applications, a simpler and more efficient simplified closed-form solution is proposed, which can guarantee localization performance under the condition that the AUV motion speed is low, as well as small measurement noise. Finally, the theoretical performance and superiority of the proposed solutions were verified through numerical simulation.
Loan guarantees and guarantors’ accounting conservatism: evidence from China

ABSTRACT Listed companies in China have provided large numbers of loan guarantees for borrowers in recent years. The loan guarantee size of A-share Main Board listed companies was about RMB 3.85 trillion at the end of 2017. On the one hand, loan guarantees help borrowers access debt financing, which promotes the development of capital markets. On the other hand, however, loan guarantees can increase the financial risks for guarantors. This study investigates the effects of loan guarantees on guarantors’ accounting conservatism. Based on a large sample of listed companies from 2007 to 2017, we find that loan guarantees have a significant positive effects on guarantors’ accounting conservatism. When firms provide loan guarantees for borrowers, they report more conservative accounting information. Moreover, the effect of loan guarantees on accounting conservatism varies by borrower. Listed companies report more conservative accounting information when they provide guarantees for non-subsidiaries rather than for subsidiaries. Among the companies providing guarantees for non-subsidiaries, the companies engage in higher levels of accounting conservatism when they guarantee the borrowing of controlling shareholders instead of the borrowing of non-controlling shareholders.
LEARNABILITY IN PROBLEMS OF SEQUENTIAL INFERENCE

Given a growing sequence of observations x_1,. ,x_n,. , one is required, at each time step n, to make some inference about the stochastic mechanism generating the sequence. Several problems that have numerous applications in different branches of mathematics and computer science can be formulated in this way. For example, one may want to forecast probabilities of the next outcome x_{n+1} (sequence prediction); to make a decision on whether the mechanism generating the sequence belongs to a certain family $H_0$ versus it belongs to a different family $H_1$ (hypothesis testing); to take an action in order to maximize some utility function. In each of these problems, as well as in many others, in order to be able to make inference, one has to make some assumptions on the probabilistic mechanism generating the data. Typical assumptions are that x_i are independent and identically distributed, or that the distribution generating the sequence belongs to a certain parametric family. The central question addressed in this work is: under which assumptions is inference possible? This question is considered for several problems of inference, including sequence prediction, hypothesis testing, classification and reinforcement learning.
A new integrated state transfer matrix method for coupled vibration of fluid-filled circular cylindrical containers with partially passive constrained layer damping treatment and analysis on damping effects under ground motion

Based on the general linear elastic theory of thin shells and the potential flow theory,considering energy dissipation of passive constrained layer damping(PCLD)due to shear deformation of its viscoelastic core and fluid-solid coupled interaction,a first order integrated differential matrix equation of a circular cylindrical shell with PCLD treatment was derived firstly.Each element in the state vector of the equation had clearly physical means,so it could be convenient-ly applied to solve dynamic problems of a circular cylindrical shell with different boundary conditions.Secondly,through writing the fluid dynamic pressure as an analytical form with undetermined coefficients and applying the fluid-solid interac-tion condition,the homogenous extended capacity precision integration method and the superposition principle,a semi-an-alytical andsemi-numerical method with high efficient and precision was established.Comparing with the analytical solu-tionsof the axis-symmetrical free vibration of a cylindrical shell(no water filled)fully treated with PCLD under simply supported conditions at both ends,the results obtained by this method were effective.Finally,the dynamic responses of fluid-filled cylindrical shells with partially treated PCLD under harmonic ground motion were presented,and damping effects of different thicknesses,lengths,and locations of PCLD and the complex shear modulus model of the viscoelastic rore were studied.
Increased Intake of Vegetables and Fruits Improves Cognitive Function among Chinese Oldest Old: 10-Year Follow-Up Study

Background: In view of the rapidly accelerating aging process in China, this study looked at the associations between vegetables and fruits intake pattens and cognitive function among the oldest old in China using the genetic sub study from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Methods: This study screened respondents who participated in all four surveys of longitudinal data from the CLHLS, and a total of 2454 participants were ultimately included. The relationships of cognitive function with vegetables and fruits intake patterns were examined using Generalized-estimating equations. Results: The prevalence range of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was 14.3% to 16.9% at T1 to T3 and 32.7% at T4. There was a significant increase in the prevalence of MCI from T1 to T4 (β = 0.054; 95% CI, 0.037 to 0.070; p < 0.001; adjusted). The V+/F+ pattern significantly improved cognitive function in Chinese older adults compared with the V−/F− pattern (OR, 1.026; 95% CI, 1.001–1.053; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Older adults who frequently consume both fruits and vegetables experience a reduction in MCI risk relative to those consuming these food groups infrequently—emphasizing the critical importance of the regular intake of both fruits and vegetables in maintaining cognitive function.
Impact of Secondary Control Design on the Microgrid Domain of Stability Considering Reactive Power Sharing

The basic objective of microgrid primary control is to preserve microgrid stability. On the other hand, microgrid secondary control has been proposed for ensuring reactive power-sharing and restoring the frequency and voltages of the microgrid. Therefore, this paper presents a complete model for evaluating the combined impact of primary and secondary control actions on microgrid domain of stability since the impact of the secondary control design on the domain of stability of the microgrid has not been addressed. Further, the developed model is used to assess the impact of reactive power-sharing, secondary controller design parameters, and communication delay on the domain of stability of the microgrid. The domain of stability is a supportive tool for determining the stable operating range for different microgrid droops. Simulation results have been obtained to validate the developed model and the domain of stability analysis. These results demonstrated that secondary control actions have a significant influence on the domain of stability of the microgrid, and thus it is important to consider the secondary control design in the determination of the microgrid’s stable range. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that primary control gains can be severely constrained by reactive power sharing gains.
Novel measurement method to estimate the main resonance of a Power Distribution Network

This paper presents an efficient method to measure the resonance frequency of the Power Distribution Network (PDN) of a microcontroller (MCU). The resonance occurring between the die capacitance and the system parasitic inductance can lead to critical supply voltage variations, and even system failure. Using common measurement instrumentation and the system main phased-lock loop (PLL), the method introduced allows to efficiently estimate the PDN resonance frequency of a commercial MCU. The proposed method is validated in two steps. The first step consists in applying the method to an existing microcontroller and comparing the outcome to a previously validated approach. The second step allows to verify the measurement setup, using a precise current probe to measure the CPU activity.