Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INCORPORATING TANDEM/HATS MLP FEATURES INTO SRI'S CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM

We describe the development of a speech recogn iti n system for conversational telephone speech (CTS) that incorporates acoustic features estimated by multilayer perceptrons (MLPs). The acoustic features are based on frame-level phone posterior probab ilities, obtained by merging two different MLP estimators, one based on PLP-Tandem features, the other based on hidden activation TRAPs (HATs) features. These features had previously been shown to give significant accuracy improvements for CTS recogn itio when used with modest amounts of training data and relatively simple recognition architectures. This paper focuses on the challenges arising when incorporating these nonstandard features into a fullscale speech-to-text (STT) system, as used by SRI in the Fall 2004 DARPA STT evaluations. First, we developed a series of timesaving techniques for training feature MLPs on 1500 hours of speech. Second, we investigated which components of a mu ltipass, multi-front-end recognition system are most profitably augmented with MLP features for best overall performance. The final system obtained achieved a 2% absolute (10% relative) WER reduction over a comparable baseline system that did not include Tandem/HATs MLP features.
Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Berberine in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Berberine Hydrochloride in Normal and Post Inflammation Irritable Bowel Syndrome Rats

In the present study, post inflammation irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) rats were firstly established by intracolonic instillation of acetic acid with restraint stress. Then the pharmacokinetics of berberine in the rat plasma were compared after oral administration of berberine hydrochloride (25 mg/kg) to normal rats and PI-IBS rats. Quantification of berberine in the rat plasma was achieved by using a sensitive and rapid UPLC-MS/MS method. Plasma samples were collected at 15 different points in time and the pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by WinNonlin software. Compared with the normal group, area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve from zero to last sampling time (AUC0–t) and total body clearance (CL/F) in the model group significantly increased or decreased, (2039.49 ± 492.24 vs. 2763.43 ± 203.14; 4999.34 ± 1198.79 vs. 3270.57 ± 58.32) respectively. The results indicated that the pharmacokinetic process of berberine could be altered in PI-IBS pathological conditions.
Spatial Data Mining : From Theory to Practice with Free Software

One of the main challenges in spatial data mining is to automate the data preparation tasks, which consume more than 60% of the effort and time required for knowledge discovery in geographic databases. In this paper we present an extension of the classical open source data mining toolkit Weka to support automatic geographic data preprocessing. We propose WekaGDPM+, which is interoperable with all geographic information systems constructed under OGC specifications. We tested Weka-GDPM+ with geographic databases stored into PostGIS, which is an open source GDBMS and is implemented according to OGC standards.
IMPACT Your Future : Integration , Efficiency & the Eco-Friendly 93 Flexible Printed Circuit ( FPC ) Board for Mobile Antennas Operation

In this paper suggestion FPC for antenna design not only easy to control the antenna pattern on desired direction and radiation magnitude but also effective and quickly solved the complex tuning parameters of antenna application. Flexible printer circuit (FPC) board serves planar wireless antenna design. Effectively to supersede the antenna based on the traditional fixed printer circuit board (PCB) implement, and then provide free dimension of antenna and wireless system integration to designer.
Ceramics With Ultra‐Low Density Fabricated by Gelcasting: An Unconventional View

Gelcasting is conventionally used to acquire high-density ceramic parts; however, in this work, alumina (Al2O3) ceramics with ultra-low density (8%–40% theoretical density) were successfully fabricated by this method. In this research, polymerization of acrylamide was realized in tert-butyl alcohol/Al2O3 slurries with solid loading ranging from 5 to 15 vol%. Green bodies with ultra-low density could be dried with very small shrinkage, and relatively high green strengths (1–3 MPa) were achieved. By choosing different initial solid loadings and sintering temperatures, ceramic microstructures could be effectively controlled, with the porosity ranging from 60% to 92% and pore sizes from 0.1 to 2.2 μm. Sintered Al2O3 showed high open porosity (90%), high specific area (14 m2/g) and high compression strength (>10 MPa), which was attributed to the connection of Al2O3 particles. This technique is considered potentially useful in many applications, and introduces a new application field of gelcasting.
New Mathematical Models for Effective Drug Diffusivity Estimation in 2D

In this paper we propose several new mathematical models for estimating effective diffusivities of a drug released from a cylinder device to an external finite volume. These models can handle problems with ‘initial burst’ and boundary layers. Analytical solutions to the models are derived. To determine the unknown effective diffusivity, time of a initial burst and width of the effective boundary layer, a least-squares method can be used for a given experimental data set. The models were tested using experimental data and the numerical results show the usefulness and accuracy of these models.
Expressional regulation of PpDAM5 and PpDAM6, peach (Prunus persica) dormancy-associated MADS-box genes, by low temperature and dormancy-breaking reagent treatment

The present study investigated the expressional regulation of PpDAM5 and PpDAM6, two of the six peach (Prunus persica) dormancy-associated MADS-box genes, in relation to lateral bud endodormancy. PpDAM5 and PpDAM6 were originally identified as homologues of Arabidopsis SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE/AGAMOUS-LIKE 24 identified in the EVERGROWING locus of peach. Furthermore, PpDAM5 and PpDAM6 have recently been suggested to be involved in terminal bud dormancy. In this study, seasonal expression analyses using leaves, stems, and lateral buds of high-chill and low-chill peaches in field conditions indicated that both genes were up-regulated during the endodormancy period and down-regulated with endodormancy release. Controlled environment experiments showed that the expression of both PpDAM5 and PpDAM6 were up-regulated by ambient cool temperatures in autumn, while they were down-regulated by the prolonged period of cold temperatures in winter. A negative correlation between expression levels of PpDAM5 and PpDAM6 and bud burst percentage was found in the prolonged cold temperature treatment. Application of the dormancy-breaking reagent cyanamide to endo/ecodormant lateral buds induced early bud break and down-regulation of PpDAM5 and PpDAM6 expression at the same time. These results collectively suggest that PpDAM5 and PpDAM6 may function in the chilling requirement of peach lateral buds through growth-inhibiting functions for bud break.
Deadlock Avoidance for Interconnection Networks with Multiple Dynamic Faults

The intensive and continuous use of high-performance computing systems for executing computationally intensive applications, coupled with the large number of elements that make them up, dramatically increase the likelihood of failures during their operation. Clearly, network faults have an extremely high impact because most routing algorithms are not designed to tolerate faults. In such algorithms, just a single fault may lead to deadlocked configurations thus preventing the correct finalization of applications. This paper introduces a new deadlock avoidance mechanism for routing algorithms designed to deal with multiple dynamic faults. The mechanism is based on adding a small-sized buffer and applying a simple set of actions when accessing output buffers with limited free space. Unlike typical static solutions, this proposal allows the design of routing algorithms capable of treating an unbounded number of dynamic faults.
MR volumetry of the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices in drug-refractory temporal lobe epilepsy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The occurrence of damage in the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices in unilateral drug-refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) was investigated with quantitative MR imaging. METHODS Volumes of the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices were measured in 27 patients with unilateral drug-refractory TLE, 10 patients with extratemporal partial epilepsy, and 20 healthy control subjects. All patients with TLE were evaluated for epilepsy surgery and underwent operations. RESULTS In left TLE, the mean volume of the ipsilateral entorhinal cortex was reduced by 17% (P <.001 compared with control subjects) and that of the ipsilateral temporopolar cortex by 17% (P <.05). In right TLE, the mean ipsilateral entorhinal volume was reduced by 13% (P < or =.01), but only in patients with hippocampal atrophy. Asymmetry ratios also indicated ipsilateral cortical atrophy. When each patient was analyzed individually, the volume of the ipsilateral hippocampus was reduced (> or = 2 SD from the mean of controls) in 63% and that of the entorhinal cortex in 52% of patients with TLE. Furthermore, ipsilateral entorhinal (left: r = 0.625, P <.001; right: r = 0.524, P < or =.01), perirhinal (left: r = 0.471, P <.05), and temporopolar (right: r = 0.556, P <.01) volumes correlated with ipsilateral hippocampal volumes. There was no association, however, with clinically or pathologically identified causes of epilepsy, duration of epilepsy, or age at onset of epilepsy. Mean cortical volumes were unaffected in extratemporal partial epilepsy. CONCLUSION Subpopulations of patients with unilateral TLE have ipsilateral damage in the entorhinal and temporopolar cortices. The damage is associated with hippocampal damage.
Wavelets for time series analysis – a survey and new results by

Abstract: In the paper we review stochastic properties of wavelet coefficients for time series indexed by continuous or discrete time. The main emphasis is on decorrelation property and its implications for data analysis. Some new properties are developed as the rates of correlation decay for the wavelet coefficients in the case of longrange dependent processes such as the fractional Gaussian noise and the fractional autoregressive integrated moving average processes. It is proved that for such processes the within-scale covariance of the wavelet coefficients at lag k is O(k2(H−N)−2), where H is the Hurst exponent and N is the number of vanishing moments of the wavelet employed. Some applications of decorrelation property are briefly discussed.
One-dimensional self-assembly of gold nanoparticles for tunable surface plasmon resonance properties

The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) is a collective oscillation of the nanoparticle conduction electrons. LSPR excitation in silver and gold nanoparticles produces strong extinction and scattering spectra that in recent years have been used for important sensing and spectroscopy applications. Tuning the optoelectronic properties by controlling coupled SP modes in metals is one of the major challenges in the area of metal nanomaterials. Here we develop a simple method to fabricate linear-chainlike aggregates of gold nanoparticles (so-called nanochains), tuning the linear optical properties in a wide wavelength range from visible to the near infrared. The aggregation behaviour and linear self-assembly mechanism of citrate-stabilized gold colloids as provoked by the addition of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) are also analysed. The CTAB with appropriate concentration serves as the ‘glue’ that can link the {100} facets of two neighbour Au NPs, which leads to an anisotropic distribution of the residual surface charge, and this extrinsic electric dipole formation is responsible for the linear organization of the gold NPs into short chains.
Virtual Synchrony Guarantees for Cyber-physical Systems

By integrating computational and physical elements through feedback loops, CPSs implement a wide range of safety-critical applications, from high-confidence medical systems to critical infrastructure control. Deployed systems must therefore provide highly dependable operation against unpredictable real-world dynamics. However, common CPS hardware-comprising battery-powered and severely resource-constrained devices interconnected via low-power wireless-greatly complicates attaining the required communication guarantees. VIRTUS fills this gap by providing atomic multicast and view management atop resource-constrained devices, which together provide virtually synchronous executions that developers can leverage to apply established concepts from the dependable distributed systems literature. We build VIRTUS upon an existing best-effort communication layer, and formally prove the functional correctness of our mechanisms. We further show, through extensive real-world experiments, that VIRTUS incurs a limited performance penalty compared with best-effort communication. To the best of our knowledge, VIRTUS is the first system to provide virtual synchrony guarantees atop resource-constrained CPS hardware.
Kidney after Extrarenal Transplantation - The Impact of Alemtuzumab Induction.

Ron Shapiroa, Amit Basua, Henkie P. Tana, Claire Morgana, Vivek Sharmaa, Deanna Blisarda, Parmjeet S. Randhawab, Igor Dvorchika, Jerry McCauleya, Demetrius Ellisc, J. Wallis Marsha, Steven Webberd, Geoffrey Kurlande, Kenneth McCurryf, Kareem AbuElmagda, George Mazariegosa, and Thomas E. Starzla a University of Pittsburgh, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Pittsburgh, PA
Enrichment in a stoichiometric model of two producers and one consumer

We consider a stoichiometric population model of two producers and one consumer. Stoichiometry can be thought of as the tracking of food quality in addition to food quantity. Our model assumes a reduced rate of conversion of biomass from producer to consumer when food quality is low. The model is open for carbon but closed for nutrient. The introduction of the second producer, which competes with the first, leads to new equilibria, new limit cycles, and new bifurcations. The focus of this paper is on the bifurcations which are the result of enrichment. The primary parameters we vary are the growth rates of both producers. Secondary variable parameters are the total nutrients in the system, and the producer nutrient uptake rates. The possible equilibria are: no-life, one-producer, coexistence of both producers, the consumer coexisting with either producer, and the consumer coexisting with both producers. We observe limit cycles in the latter three coexistence combinations. Bifurcation diagrams along with corresponding representative time series summarize the behaviours observed for this model.
Parametric search made practical

In this paper we show that in sorting-based applications of parametric search, Quicksort can replace the parallel sorting algorithms that are usually advocated, and we argue that Cole's optimization of certain parametric-search algorithms may be unnecessary under realistic assumptions about the input. Furthermore, we present a generic, flexible, and easy-to-use framework that greatly simplifies the implementation of algorithms based on parametric search. We use our framework to implement an algorithm that solves the Fréchet-distance problem. The implementation based on parametric search is faster than the binary-search approach that is often suggested as a practical replacement for the parametric-search technique.
Copy Number Variation in the Human Genome and Its Implications for Cardiovascular Disease

Unlocking the information contained within the human genome will likely advance our understanding of cardiovascular (CV) health and disease by leading to discovery of new molecules, pathways, and networks. A central strategy in genetic studies of CV disease has been to correlate human genomic DNA variation with clinical phenotypes, such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and their risk factors, with a range of experimental designs and analytical procedures. The ability to detect genomic differences between individuals is the foundation of this research. Human genomic variation exists in many forms, each of which has unique qualitative and quantitative features. Each form of human genomic variation is composed of many individual variants that occur across the genome. The population frequency of individual variants can range from rare to common. The effect of a specific genomic variant can range from beneficial to neutral to deleterious. To rapidly translate genomic knowledge into diagnosis and treatment of CV disease, it is logical to search for common genomic variants that have a non-neutral impact. In the recent past, one form of genomic variation, the single-nucleotide variant, has dominated the experimental landscape: It is the currency of present genetic CV disease studies. However, recent developments indicate that the focus on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) alone will not capture the full range of meaningful human genomic variation, such as a newly characterized and annotated form called copy number variation (CNV). The main forms of human genomic variation are shown in Figure 1. These include SNPs, which are qualitative in nature and involve only a single nucleotide, and a family of genomic changes collectively called structural variations, which are quantitative in nature because they affect the dosage or copy number of a particular genomic region. Structural variant types include deletions, duplications, inversions, and rearrangements of “chunks” of the …
Influence of performance on gene expression in skeletal muscle: effects of forced inactivity.

Joint immobilization and hindlimb suspension are used to examine muscle protein expression and mRNA quantities in rats. A decrease in protein synthesis was not associated with alteration in alpha-actin mRNA, cytochrome c mRNA, or beta-myosin heavy chain mRNA early in treatment. Percentage declines after seven days are compared with early treatment quantities to determine acute and chronic response to muscular atrophy.
Aberrant Localization of Intracellular Organelles, Ca2+ Signaling, and Exocytosis in Mist1 Null Mice*

Ca2+ signaling and exocytosis are highly polarized functions of pancreatic acinar cells. The role of cellular architecture in these activities and the capacity of animals to tolerate aberrant acinar cell function are not known. A key regulator of acinar cell polarity is Mist1, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor. Ca2+ signaling and amylase release were examined in pancreatic acini of wild type and Mist1 null mice to gain insight into the importance of cellular architecture for Ca2+ signaling and regulated exocytosis. Mist1–/– acinar cells exhibited dramatically altered Ca2+ signaling with up-regulation of the cholecystokinin receptor but minimal effect upon expression of the M3 receptor. However, stimulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production by cholecystokinin and carbachol was inefficient in Mist1–/– cells. Although agonist stimulation of Mist1–/– cells evoked a Ca2+ signal, often the Ca2+ increase was not in the form of typical Ca2+ oscillations but rather in the form of a peak/plateau-type response. Mist1–/– cells also displayed distorted apical-to-basal Ca2+ waves. The aberrant Ca2+ signaling was associated with mislocalization and reduced Ca2+ uptake by the mitochondria of stimulated Mist1–/– cells. Deletion of Mist1 also led to mislocalization of the Golgi apparatus and markedly reduced digestive enzyme content. The combination of aberrant Ca2+ signaling and reduced digestive enzyme content resulted in poor secretion of digestive enzymes. Yet, food consumption and growth of Mist1–/– mice were normal for at least 32 weeks. These findings reveal that Mist1 is critical to normal organelle localization in exocrine cells and highlight the critical importance of maintaining cellular architecture and polarized localization of cellular organelles in generating a propagating apical-to-basal Ca2+ wave. The studies also reveal the spare capacity of the exocrine pancreas that allows normal growth and development in the face of compromised exocrine pancreatic function.
University of Groningen Co-prescription of antiepileptic drugs and contraceptives

Background: Enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives. Little is known of contraceptive practice among reproductive-age women who receive AEDs. Study Design: We explored the use of contraceptive methods among Dutch women aged 15 to 49 years with prescriptions of AEDs using pharmacy dispensing database. Drug dispensing data of AEDs and contraceptives in 2006 was retrieved from the InterAction Database (IADB.nl database). The prevalence of contraceptives use and distribution of different contraceptive methods were calculated. Results: Of women who used enzyme-inducing AEDs in combination with any highly effective contraceptive method, over 40% were on an oral contraceptive (OC) containing b50 mcg estrogen. IUDs and injectable contraception were used in 22.5% of women receiving AEDs in combination with any highly effective contraceptive method, and 33.2% in those receiving enzyme-inducing AEDs in combination with any highly effective contraceptive method. Conclusion: Fertile-age women who received AEDs often relied on less effective contraceptive methods. Prescribers should be more aware of the interaction between AEDs and OCs. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The Schizosaccharomyces pombe sup3‐i suppressor recognizes ochre, but not amber codons in vitro and in vivo.

The inefficient suppressor sup3‐i of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is an ochre suppressor. Sup3‐i was derived from the efficient serine inserting UGA suppressor sup3‐e. The cloning and sequencing of the sup3‐i gene indicate that the suppressor is different from the parent sup3‐e by a C–‐T substitution in the sequence coding for the middle position of the anticodon. In vitro translation assays supplemented with purified sup3‐i tRNA and programmed with Xenopus globin mRNAs lead to the accumulation of a readthrough product in response to UAA termination signals, but not in response to UGA termination codons. Transformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae nonsense mutant strains with plasmid DNA carrying the S. pombe sup3‐i gene, led to ochre, but not amber or UGA suppression in vivo.
Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications Computing Minimum Cycle Bases in Weighted Partial 2-trees in Linear Time 326 Doerr Et Al. Minimum Cycle Bases in Weighted Partial 2-trees

We present a linear time algorithm for computing an implicit linear space representation of a minimum cycle basis in weighted partial 2-trees (i.e., graphs of treewidth at most two) with non-negative edge-weights. The implicit representation can be made explicit in a running time that is proportional to the size of the minimum cycle basis. For planar graphs, Borradaile, Sankowski, and Wulff-Nilsen [Min st-cut Oracle for Planar Graphs with Near-Linear Preprocessing Time, FOCS 2010] showed how to compute an implicit O(n log n) space representation of an minimum cycle basis in O(n log 5 n) time. For the special case of partial 2-trees, our algorithm improves this result to linear time and space. Such an improvement was achieved previously only for outerplanar graphs