Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mobility of NMDA autoreceptors but not postsynaptic receptors at glutamate synapses in the rat entorhinal cortex

NMDA receptors (NMDAr) are known to undergo recycling and lateral diffusion in postsynaptic spines and dendrites. However, NMDAr are also present as autoreceptors on glutamate terminals, where they act to facilitate glutamate release, but it is not known whether these receptors are also mobile. We have used functional pharmacological approaches to examine whether NMDA receptors at excitatory synapses in the rat entorhinal cortex are mobile at either postsynaptic sites or in presynaptic terminals. When NMDAr‐mediated evoked EPSCs (eEPSCs) were blocked by MK‐801, they showed no evidence of recovery when the irreversible blocker was removed, suggesting that postsynaptic NMDAr were relatively stably anchored at these synapses. However, using frequency‐dependent facilitation of AMPA receptor (AMPAr)‐mediated eEPSCs as a reporter of presynaptic NMDAr activity, we found that when facilitation was blocked with MK‐801 there was a rapid (∼30–40 min) anomalous recovery upon removal of the antagonist. This was not observed when global NMDAr blockade was induced by combined perfusion with MK‐801 and NMDA. Anomalous recovery was accompanied by an increase in frequency of spontaneous EPSCs, and a variable increase in frequency‐facilitation. Following recovery from blockade of presynaptic NMDAr with a competitive antagonist, frequency‐dependent facilitation of AMPAr‐mediated eEPSCs was also transiently enhanced. Finally, an increase in frequency of miniature EPSCs induced by NMDA was succeeded by a persistent decrease. Our data provide the first evidence for mobility of NMDAr in the presynaptic terminals, and may point to a role of this process in activity‐dependent control of glutamate release.
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Simulation of the Optical Absorption Spectra of Gold Nanorods as a Function of Their Aspect Ratio and the Effect of the Medium Dielectric Constant

Gold nanorods with different aspect ratios are prepared in micelles by the electrochemical method and their absorption spectra are modeled by theory. Experimentally, a linear relationship is found between the absorption maximum of the longitudinal plasmon resonance and the mean aspect ratio as determined from TEM. It is shown here that such a linear dependence is also predicted theoretically. However, calculations also show that the absorption maximum of the longitudinal plasmon resonance depends on the medium dielectric constant in a linear fashion for a fixed aspect ratio. Attempts to fit the calculations to the experimental values indicate that the medium dielectric constant has to vary with the aspect ratio in a nonlinear way. Chemically, this suggests that the structure of the micelle capping the gold nanorods is size dependent. Furthermore, comparison with the results obtained for rods of different aspect ratios made by systematic thermal decomposition of the long rods further suggests that the medi.
Role of RUNX2 in Breast Carcinogenesis

RUNX2 is a transcription factor playing the major role in osteogenesis, but it can be involved in DNA damage response, which is crucial for cancer transformation. RUNX2 can interact with cell cycle regulators: cyclin-dependent kinases, pRB and p21Cip1 proteins, as well as the master regulator of the cell cycle, the p53 tumor suppressor. RUNX2 is involved in many signaling pathways, including those important for estrogen signaling, which, in turn, are significant for breast carcinogenesis. RUNX2 can promote breast cancer development through Wnt and Tgfβ signaling pathways, especially in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative cases. ERα interacts directly with RUNX2 and regulates its activity. Moreover, the ERα gene has a RUNX2 binding site within its promoter. RUNX2 stimulates the expression of aromatase, an estrogen producing enzyme, increasing the level of estrogens, which in turn stimulate cell proliferation and replication errors, which can be turned into carcinogenic mutations. Exploring the role of RUNX2 in the pathogenesis of breast cancer can lead to revealing new therapeutic targets.
A template-based method for theme information extraction from web pages

The introducing web page templates and DOM technology can effectively extract simple structured information from web information. In reference to previous research achievements of the foundation, this paper presents a new method of inductive web page templates. This method is able to contain various layout elements of the web page templates. The main research contents include the methods based on edit distance, about DOM document similarity judgment, clustering methods focus on web structure, the extraction methods of web page templates and programming a information extraction engine.
Agile customer engagement: a longitudinal qualitative case study

In this longitudinal case study we have followed a small software product company that has turned from a waterfall-like process to evolutionary project management (Evo). The most prominent feature of the new process is the close engagement of customers. We have interviewed both internals and customers to investigate the practicalities, costs, gains and prerequisites of such a transition. We have gathered data from a period of two years covering four consecutive release projects using the new process and analyzed the material in detail. Our findings implicate that close customer engagement does give certain benefits but that it comes with a cost and needs careful attention to management.
Routing and Transmitting Problems in de Bruijn Networks

De Bruijn graphs, both directed and undirected, have received considerable attention as architecture for interconnection networks. In this paper, we focus on undirected de Bruijn networks of radix d and dimension 0, denoted by UB(d, 0). We first discuss the shortest-path routing problem. We present properties of the shortest paths between any two vertices of UB(d, 0) and propose two shortest-path routing algorithms, one of which has linear time complexity. Secondly, we study the transmitting problem. We establish a lower bound for the optimal transmitting time which implies in particular that the optimal transmitting problem is trivial for UB(d, 0) when d/spl ges/5. We present a transmitting scheme on undirected binary de Bruijn networks UB(2, n) with transmitting time n-1 for n/spl ges/5, and conjecture that the optimal transmitting time is n-1 for UB(2, n), and n for U8(3, n) and UB(4, n).
Does Private Schooling Affect Non-Cognitive Skills? International Evidence Based on Test and Survey Effort on PISA

I use Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) data from over 300,000 individual students within 44 countries in 2009 and a historical natural experiment to estimate the causal impact of private schooling on student effort. Since nations with larger shares of Catholics in 1900 tend to have larger shares of private schooling today, the study uses the Catholic share of the population in 1900 as an exogenous instrument to predict whether a given child is in a private school in 2009. The results suggest that private schooling increases student effort on PISA tests, as measured by test decline, while decreasing diligence on student surveys, as measured by careless answer patterns and non-response rates. In addition, I find that private schooling substantially increases PISA test scores, and that stronger non-cognitive skills are associated with higher PISA scores.
Optimal Two Stage Committee Voting Rules

We study option management by committee. Analysis is illustrated by tenure decisions. Our innovations are two-fold: we treat the committee's problem as one of social choice, not information aggregation; and we endogenise the outside option: rejecting a candidate at either the probationary or tenure stage return the committee to a candidate pool. For committees with N members, we find: (1) a candidate's fate depends only on the behaviour of two `weather-vane' committee members - generalised median voters; (2) en- thusiastic assessments by one of these weather-vanes may harm a candidate's chances by increasing others' thresholds for hiring him; and (3) sunk time costs may lead voters who opposed hiring a candidate to favour tenuring him, even after a poor probationary performance. We characterise the opti- mal voting rule when N = 2. A patient or perceptive committee does best with a (weak) majority at the hiring stage and unanimity at the tenure stage. An impatient or imperceptive committee does best under a double (weak) majority rule. If particularly impatient or imperceptive, this rule implies that any hire is automatically tenured. Perversely, the performance of a patient, imperceptive committee improves as its perceptiveness further declines.
Putting the Virtual Back into VR

I will suggest here that although there is now a common practice of associating VR with the theatre as a form of representation with stories, plots and characters, VR actually has more in common with performance (and here I mean performance art or ritual rather than the conventional theatre), music and the visual arts. This is because what we could call the ‘classical’ theatre establishes itself pretty much along conventional lines, within preordained forms of representation. It defers to the past. Performance art and ritual are about transformation and variation, about investigating the unknown and producing the new. Virtual Reality’s commonality with performance and art will therefore not be taken as its mimetic qualities its ‘representation of an action’, so much as its qualities of modulation; its realisation of the objectile, where an object is transformed into an event of “continuous variation” (Deleuze, 1993:19). Virtual Reality will be discussed here in a way which is only slightly concerned with its current, specific technological form (that is, for example, a helmet, glove and a three-dimensional, digitally produced, navigable world). I am more
Dendritic Cell Cross-Priming Is Essential for Immune Responses to Listeria monocytogenes

Cross-presentation is now recognized as a major mechanism for initiating CD8 T cell responses to virus and tumor antigens in vivo. It provides an elegant mechanism that allows relatively few Dendritic cells (DCs) to initiate primary immune responses while avoiding the consumptive nature of pathogenic infection. CD8 T cells play a major role in anti-bacterial immune responses; however, the contribution of cross-presentation for priming CD8 T cell responses to bacteria, in vivo, is not well established. Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria) is the causative agent of Listeriosis, an opportunistic food-borne bacterial infection that poses a significant public health risk. Here, we employ a transgenic mouse model in which cross-presentation is uniquely inactivated, to investigate cross-priming during primary Listeria infection. We show that cross-priming deficient mice are severely compromised in their ability to generate antigen-specific T cells to stimulate MHC I-restricted CTL responses following Listeria infection. The defect in generation of Listeria-elicited CD8 T cell responses is also apparent in vitro. However, in this setting, the endogenous route of processing Listeria-derived antigens is predominant. This reveals a new experimental dichotomy whereby functional sampling of Listeria-derived antigens in vivo but not in vitro is dependent on cross-presentation of exogenously derived antigen. Thus, under normal physiological circumstances, cross-presentation is demonstrated to play an essential role in priming CD8 T cell responses to bacteria.
Theorectical Analysis of Subsequence Time-Series Clustering from a Frequency-Analysis Viewpoint

Although Subsequence Time Series (STS) clustering is one of the most popular pattern discovery techniques from timeseries data, a mathematical methodology for analyzing STS clustering (or pattern discovery from time-series data) has attracted little attention. In the situation, it has had a surprising report [10] that cluster centers obtained using STS clustering closely resemble ”sine waves” with little relation to input time-series data. With this report as a start, establishment of the methodology has been recognized as a significant issue. The contributions of this paper are mainly two folds. 1) We give, for the first time, a theoretical analysis of Subsequence Time Series (STS) clustering from a frequency-analysis viewpoint and identify a mathematical background on which STS clustering generates sine wave patterns. This also gives a novel theoretical analysis methodology for pattern discovery from time-series data, and 2) we propose a clustering algorithm using a phase alignment preprocessing to avoid sine-wave patterns and refer to it as Phase Alignment STS (PA-STS) clustering. PA-STS clustering is the first algorithm, which is based on theoretical analysis, to obtain meaningful clustering results. We present experimental results that show the reliability of the theoretical results and the effectiveness of PA-STS clustering in application to UCR datasets.
Distributed time, conservative parallel logic simulation on GPUs

Logical simulation is the primary method to verify the correctness of IC designs. However, today's complex VLSI designs pose ever higher demand for the throughput of logic simulators. In this work, a parallel logic simulator was developed by leveraging the computing power of modern graphics processing units (GPUs). To expose more parallelism, we implemented a conservative parallel simulation approach, the CMB algorithm, on NVidia GPUs. The simulation processing is mapped to GPU hardware at the finest granularity. With carefully designed data structures and data flow organizations, our GPU based simulator could overcome many problems that hindered efficient implementations of the CMB algorithm on traditional parallel computers. In order to efficiently use the relatively limited capacity of GPU memory, a novel memory management mechanism was proposed to dynamically allocate and recycle GPU memory during simulation. We also introduced a CPU/GPU co-processing strategy for the best usage of computing resources. Experimental results showed that our GPU based simulator could outperform a CPU baseline event driven simulator by a factor of 29.2.
CML: the good, the better, and the difficult choices.

In this issue of Blood , Radich and colleagues from 4 cooperative groups report on the results of a randomized study of dasatinib versus imatinib as initial treatment for patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). [1][1] This study is the sequel to a trial where they first compared
Verifying scheduling point constraints with model checking

In this paper, we propose a method to verify whether a model is consistent to the scheduling point constraints in OSEK specification for non preemptive tasks. A simple operating system model is constructed and used to be the verification object. For verification, we build an auxiliary task set to interact with OS model, which makes the violation of scheduling point constraints appear. The property LTL formulae are generated from the constraints, which are verified by model checker SPIN. It is shown that our method can detect design mistakes.
Enhanced Bee Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Dynamic Economic Dispatch

This paper proposes an enhanced bee swarm optimization method to solve the dynamic economic dispatch problem of thermal units considering the valve-point effects, ramp-rate limits, and the transmission power losses. The bee swarm optimization algorithm unlike most of the population-based algorithms employs different moving patterns to search the feasible solution space. This property makes an effective balance between exploration and exploitation. Different modifications in moving patterns of the bee swarm optimization method are proposed to search the feasible space more effectively. The efficiency of the method is validated using three test systems with 10, 30, and 60 units, including 240, 720, and 1440 design variables. The latter can be considered as a large-scale power system. The results are compared with other reported works in this area and found to be superior.
GutenTag: A Multi-Term Caching Optimized Tag Query Processor for Key-Value Based NoSQL Storage Systems

NoSQL systems are more and more deployed as back-end infrastructure for large-scale distributed online platforms like Google, Amazon or Facebook. Their applicability results from the fact that most services of online platforms access the stored data objects via their primary key. However, NoSQL systems do not efficiently support services referring more than one data object, e.g. the term-based search for data objects. To address this issue we propose our architecture based on an inverted index on top of a NoSQL system. For queries comprising more than one term, distributed indices yield a limited performance in large distributed systems. We propose two extensions to cope with this challenge. Firstly, we store index entries not only for single term but also for a selected set of term combinations depending on their popularity derived from a query history. Secondly, we additionally cache popular keys on gateway nodes, which are a common concept in real-world systems, acting as interface for services when accessing data objects in the back end. Our results show that we can significantly reduces the bandwidth consumption for processing queries, with an acceptable, marginal increase in the load of the gateway nodes.
B in Airway Epithelial Cells k of NF-Virus- and Sendai Virus-Induced Activation Dual Role of NOX2 in Respiratory Syncytial

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, is the most important viral agent of pediatric respiratory tract disease worldwide. Human airway epithelial cells (AEC) are the primary targets of RSV. AEC are responsible for the secretion of a wide spectrum of cytokines and chemokines that are important mediators of the exacerbated airway inﬂammation triggered by the host in response to RSV infection. NF- (cid:1) B is a key transcription factor responsible for the regulation of cytokine and chemokine gene expression and thus represents a potential therapeutic target. In the present study, we sought to delineate the role of RSV-induced reactive oxygen species in the regulation of the signaling pathways leading to NF- (cid:1) B activation. First, we demonstrate that besides the well-characterized I (cid:1) B (cid:2) -dependent pathway, phosphorylation of p65 at Ser 536 is an essential event regulating NF- (cid:1) B activation in response to RSV in A549. Using antioxidant and RNA-interference strategies, we show that a NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-containing NADPH oxidase is an essential regulator of RSV-induced NF- (cid:1) B activation. Molecular analyses revealed that NOX2 acts upstream of both the phosphorylation of I (cid:1) B (cid:2) at Ser 32 and of p65 at Ser 536 in A549 and normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Similar results were obtained in the context of infection by Sendai virus, thus demonstrating that the newly identiﬁed NOX2-dependent NF- (cid:1) B activation pathway is not restricted to RSV among the Paramyxoviridae . These results illustrate a previously unrecognized dual
Technological Advances in the Management of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Fail to Improve Outcome in New York State

Background and Purpose— Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are being identified more frequently and endovascular coil embolization has become an increasingly popular treatment modality. Our study evaluates patient outcomes with changing patterns of treatment of UIA. Methods— We conducted a retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of 3132 hospital discharges for UIA identified from the New York Statewide Database (SPARCS) in 2005 to 2007 and 2200 discharges from 1995 to 2000. The rates of endovascular coiling and surgical clipping were examined along with hospital variables and discharge outcome. Anatomic specifics of UIA were unavailable for analysis. Results— The case rate for treatment of UIA doubled from 1.59 (1995 to 2000) to 3.45 per 100 000 (2005 to 2007, P<0.0001) and increased in the case treatment rate for coiling of UIA (0.36 versus 1.98 per 100 000, P<0.0001). Compared with the old epoch, there were more UIAs clipped at high-volume centers (55.8% versus 78.8%, P<0.0001) but fewer coiled at high-volume centers (94.8% versus 84.5%, P<0.0001) in the new epoch. Coiling and increasing hospital UIA treatment volume were associated with good discharge outcome. However, there was no significant improvement in overall good outcome when comparing 1995 to 2000 versus 2005 to 2007 (79% versus 81%, P=0.168) and a worsening of good outcomes for clipping (76.3% versus 71.7%, P=0.0132). Conclusions— Despite coiling being associated with an increased incidence of good outcome relative to clipping of UIA, the increase in coiling has failed to improve overall patient outcome. The shift in coiling venue from high-volume centers to low-volume centers and decreasing microsurgical volume accompanied by a worsening in microsurgical results contribute to this. This argues for greater centralization of care.
An Approach to Secure Authentication Protocol with Group Signature based Quantum Cryptography

This paper proposes a secure authentication protocol in a new direction with group signature based Quantum cryptography for a networked organization. The group signature setting has a group with copious members and one manager. The proposed protocol uses a trusted centre TC generates a large heap of public/private key pairs. Every member of the group has a different list of unique private keys which is distributed by TC to sign a document. The keys are immunable using quantum key distribution protocol which acquires the properties of quantum mechanics. Group signature is an electronic signature used to authenticate the sender's identity of a message or signer of the document. It ensures the integrity of the message. Group signatures introduced by Chaum and van Heyst (13) in which a member anonymously signs a document on behalf of the group. Group signatures have abundant applications in the space of authentication and privacy. The document gets attestation by trusted third party which the most eminent one for authentication. This paper proposes group signatures based quantum cryptography. Quantum cryptography is an arising technology which emphasizes the phenomena of quantum physics in which two parties can have secure communications over network is based on the invulnerability of the laws of quantum mechanics. The two important elements of quantum mechanics on which quantum cryptography depends are Heisenberg Uncertainty principle and photon polarization principle (14). The Heisenberg Uncertainty principle refers that, certain pairs of physical properties are pertained in such away that measuring one property prevents the eavesdropper from simultaneously knowing the value of the other.