Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Negotiating the Joint Career: Couples Adapting to Alzheimer's and Aging in Place

To understand the impact of memory loss on aging in place, this paper investigated dyads where one spouse had been diagnosed with memory loss. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with ten couples (N = 20). Grounded theory methods were used to collect, code, and analyze data into themes. Data revealed consensus among and between dyads that it was best to focus on living, rather than what had been or might someday be lost. Nonetheless, differences according to gender and cognitive status (e.g., diagnosed or spouse) were reported. Given population aging, identifying the impact of gender roles and social norms on the potential for aging in place with memory loss is critical. Community services and care practices must be sensitive to the ways that couples prioritized and organized their relationship prior to diagnosis in order to encourage positive patterns of care between couples, foster successful adaptation to changing needs, and support in-home arrangements as long as possible.
Assessing and Mobilizing Faith Organizations to Implement Childhood Obesity Prevention Advocacy Strategies

Childhood obesity remains a public health problem requiring mobilization across diverse social and political sectors. The faith-based sector can contribute to obesity prevention advocacy when existing resources are supported and leveraged. This article describes an advocacy resource assessment conducted in six Chicago faith organizations. Key administrators and congregation members were surveyed to identify organizational resources that could be mobilized for childhood obesity prevention advocacy. Survey data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each organization and for all combined. Organizational resources for advocacy were identified, with varying degrees of resources within organizations. Congregation members and faith leaders expressed interest in advocacy training and activities but acknowledged competing organizational priorities. Participating organizations received a stipend to pursue recommended action items based on their assessment. Faith organizations have unique resources and human capital and can be key partners in childhood obesity prevention. Conducting an assessment prior to planning interventions and advocacy approaches can strengthen partnerships, leverage assets among partners, and ensure efforts are relevant and beneficial for faith organizations. It may also be strategic to incorporate funding in grant budgets in order to empower faith organizations to act on findings from the assessment process.
System-level performance of interference alignment

This paper presents analytical expressions that enable quantifying the spectral efficiency of antenna-domain IA (interference alignment) in cellular networks. From these expressions, the benefits of such IA are characterized. Under rather favorable assumptions, IA is found to be beneficial only in very specific and relatively infrequent network situations, and a blanket utilization of IA is altogether detrimental. Applied only in the appropriate situations, IA does bring about benefits that are significant for the users involved but small in terms of average spectral efficiency for the entire network.
Unity within diversity: a social psychological analysis of the internal diversity of the Indignados movement

This article examines the relationships between four categories of motivational characteristics among social movement activists: grievances, identification, beliefs about social problems and group-based emotions. Using data from the Spanish Indignados movement (N = 230), a typology was constructed based on the dimensions of subjective material insecurity and identification with the protests, yielding three different activist profiles (insecure identifiers, secure identifiers and non-identifiers). In linear and typological analyses grievances and identification had independent and additive effects on beliefs about social problems and group-based emotions. Interactive effects also showed that high levels of identification may at times render grievances redundant in predicting concern for social problems and group emotions. Overall, the findings demonstrate a pattern of diversity in terms of grievances and identification coupled with unity regarding social identity content. The implications of different motivational patterns for collective action are discussed.
THERAPEUTIC ROLES OF FLUORIDE RELEASED FROM RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS

Because topical fluoride is considered to be beneficial for oral health, fluoride release and recharge features have been added to various restorative dental materials. These materials act as a rechargeable reservoir that can release fluoride, be recharged with fluoride, and then re-release fluoride, thus ensuring the availability of fluoride over a longer period of time. The ability of these materials to deliver the optimal concentration of fluoride required for various therapeutic actions for dental health has resulted in their popularity. This paper reviews the fluoride releasing materials and the therapeutic effects of the released fluoride.
Antecedents of green purchases: a survey in China

Examines the influence of cultural values, ecological affect and ecological knowledge on the green purchasing behavior of Chinese consumers. Using structural equation modeling to assess the significance that ecological affect and ecological knowledge have on green purchase intention and actual green purchase, the results demonstrate that a strong positive relationship exists. However, other important findings suggest that Chinese people’s level of ecological knowledge is low and actual green purchase behavior minimal. Yet in contrast, Chinese consumers express a positive ecological affect and green purchase intention. In relation to the hypothesis that the Chinese strongly adhere to the cultural value of living in harmony with nature, the relevant descriptive statistic shows that today’s Chinese only pay moderate allegiance to this “man‐nature” orientation. Moreover, this cultural value is only found to exert significant bearing on ecological affect but not ecological knowledge.
Increase in Sensorimotor Cortex Response to Somatosensory Stimulation Over Subacute Poststroke Period Correlates With Motor Recovery in Hemiparetic Patients

Background. Somatosensory input to the motor cortex may play a critical role in motor relearning after hemiparetic stroke. Objective. The authors tested the hypothesis that motor recovery after hemiparetic stroke relates to changes in responsiveness of the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) to somatosensory input. Methods. A total of 10 hemiparetic stroke patients underwent serial functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during tactile stimulation and testing of sensorimotor function over 1 year—at early subacute, late subacute, and chronic poststroke time points. Results. Over the subacute poststroke period, increased responsiveness of the ipsilesional SMC to tactile stimulation of a stroke-affected digit correlated strongly with concurrent gains in motor function. Increased responsiveness of the ipsilesional and contralesional SMC over the subacute period also correlated strongly with motor recovery experienced over the first year poststroke. Conclusions. These findings suggest that increased responsiveness of the SMC to somatosensory stimulation over the subacute poststroke period may contribute to motor recovery.
Strategy-as-practice and dynamic capabilities: Steps towards a dynamic view of strategy

This article identifies an essential research area where a strategy-as-practice approach can make important contributions to the strategic management field: the dynamic process through which organizational assets are developed. It compares strategy-as-practice and dynamic capabilities perspectives and demonstrates how the former may complement the latter in analyzing activities that underpin and may create and modify organizational assets. Several distinct features of the practice approach are identified as fertile ground for examining the micro-foundations of strategy dynamics. It is demonstrated how activity configurations, socio-cultural embeddedness, co-evolution, social interactions, the inclusion of multiple strategists and an awareness of the importance of imagination can complement the dynamic capabilities perspective and may provide suggestions for a dynamic view more generally.
Endogenous bioactive lipids and the regulation of conventional outflow facility

Perturbation of paracrine signaling within the human conventional outflow pathway influences tissue homeostasis and outflow function. For example, exogenous introduction of the bioactive lipids, sphingosine-1-phosphate, anandamide or prostaglandin F2α, to conventional outflow tissues alters the rate of drainage of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork and into Schlemm’s canal. This review summarizes recent data that characterize endogenous bioactive lipids, their receptors and associated signaling partners in the conventional outflow tract. We also discuss the potential of targeting such signaling pathways as a strategy for the development of therapeutics to treat ocular hypertension and glaucoma.
Organ Donor Screening Practices for Trypanosoma cruzi Infection among US Organ Procurement Organizations

Donor‐derived Trypanosoma cruzi infection in solid organ transplant recipients is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Little is known about T. cruzi screening practices among U.S. organ procurement organizations (OPOs). We distributed a questionnaire to all U.S. OPO directors, requesting data on T. cruzi screening strategies, laboratory methods, number of donors screened, disposition of organs from positive donors and attitudes toward screening. Fifty‐eight (100%) U.S. OPOs responded to the survey. Donor screening began in 2002 and is presently performed by 11 (19%) OPOs. Among screening OPOs, four screen all donors and seven use a risk‐based strategy. Three different T. cruzi serology tests are used for donor screening. During 2008, 9/993 (0.9%) donors screened positive by a T. cruzi screening test, 6/9 (66%) had confirmatory tests performed and 4/6 (66%) had positive confirmatory tests. These results led to the nonuse of five donors and 17 organs. Five organs from three seropositive donors were transplanted in 2008 without recognized disease transmission. Variability of T. cruzi donor screening strategies, laboratory methods and disposition of organs from positive donors currently exists. Further research is needed to identify the risk of donor‐derived T. cruzi infections to help inform the best screening strategy.
Adapting Herzberg: A Conceptualization of the Effects of Hygiene and Motivator Attributes on Perceptions of Event Quality

Herzberg suggested that job satisfaction was a function of two types of conditions that he termed hygiene or dissatisfier and motivator or satisfier attributes. This article suggests that these same conditions may contribute to explaining levels of visitor satisfaction with an event. Hygiene attributes are the generic infrastructure elements that form the platform or foundation on which a meaningful event is developed. If their quality is below a given threshold, then dissatisfaction will result, but they have little potential for creating satisfaction with an event. They are a necessary but not a sufficient condition for visitor satisfaction. Satisfaction only results from visitor interaction with the motivator attributes that are the distinctive features of the event that attract people to it.
Semi-autonomous, context-aware, agent using behaviour modelling and reputation systems to authorize data operation in the Internet of Things

In this paper we address the issue of gathering the “informed consent” of an end user in the Internet of Things. We start by evaluating the legal importance and some of the problems linked with this notion of informed consent in the specific context of the Internet of Things. From this assessment we propose an approach based on a semi-autonomous, rule based agent that centralize all authorization decisions on the personal data of a user and that is able to take decision on his behalf. We complete this initial agent by integrating context-awareness, behavior modeling and community based reputation system in the algorithm of the agent. The resulting system is a “smart” application, the “privacy butler” that can handle data operations on behalf of the end-user while keeping the user in control. We finally discuss some of the potential problems and improvements of the system.
Aging Parent-Adult Child Coresidence

Several recent studies have concluded that coresidence between aging parents and their adult children is caused by the children's dependency needs, whereas parental characteristics are irrelevant. We argue that these studies are based on samples that contain insufficient proportions of elderly parents who possess the characteristics that eventuate in coresidence. Such elders, however, represent a large and important segment of the elderly population. Data from the National Long-Term Care Survey, a sample of Medicare beneficiaries, indicate that the probability of coresiding with children is elevated by parents' advanced age, failing health, and absence of a spouse. At the same time, children's characteristics (marital status and employment status) are also important predictors of coresidence.
Voice based biometric authentication using collapsing classes discriminative space transform

A novel method of voice based biometric authentication system is proposed in this paper. The proposed method utilizes the distance between i-vectors to minimize the intra-class variation and maximizing the inter-class variation. This problem is formulated as a convex optimization problem, such that the i-vectors of the same speaker collapsed to a single point. On the other hand, i-vectors of the impostors are pushed away by a large margin. Additionally, the distance matrix is itself learned using the data (i-vectors of the speakers). The transformation matrix obtained herein linearly transforms the input i-vectors into a new discriminative space. The i-vectors in the new transformed space give improved speaker authentication performance. Speaker authentication experiments are conducted on NIST 2004 and YOHO speaker verification databases. Experimental results obtained indicate a reasonable improvement in the performance, when compared to state of the art voice based biometric authentication systems.
Role of the Lateral Habenula in Pain-Associated Depression

Patients with chronic pain have significantly higher incidences of depression and anxiety than the average person. However, the mechanism underlying this link has not been elucidated in terms of how chronic pain causes significant mood changes and further develops into severe anxiety or depression. The serotonergic system in the raphe nuclei is an important component in both pain processing and the pathogenesis of depression. Since the lateral habenular nucleus (LHb) controls the raphe nuclei, it may participate in the regulation of pain-associated depression. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role of the LHb in this pathophysiological process. We used chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats as a model for neuropathic pain and assessed the changes potentially related to the mood disorders. The forced swim test (FST) and sucrose preference test (SPT) were performed to determine the behavioral changes 28 days after pain surgery. Expression of β calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (βCaMKII) in the LHb, cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) activity in the LHb and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and serotonin (5-HT) levels in the DRN were measured. We found an increasing in LHb activity and βCaMKII expression, and a decrease in neuronal activity in the DRN and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)/5-HT ratios in the CCI rats. These effects were accompanied by the depression-like behaviors. Lesions in the LHb improved the pain threshold and depression-like behavior in the rats. These results suggest that the LHb may play a role in pain-associated depression by affecting the activity of 5-HT neurons in the DRN. Furthermore, we showed that increases in the LHb-DRN pathway activity were a common neurobiological mechanisms for pain and depression, which may explain the coexistence of pain and depression.
The sensitivity of face specific ERP components to the nature of stimulus noise

Abstract The processing of any noisy stimuli requires extra means from the nervous system. Several electrophysiological studies have proved that the processing of noise starts approximately 150–200 milliseconds after stimulus onset. This is suggested by the fact that the amplitude of the face-selective N170 component has been reduced and its latency prolonged by adding Gaussian noise to a face stimulus while the earlier P100 component is not influenced by added noise. While previous studies tested the electrophysiological correlates of noisy face perception in humans, the nature of added noise has not been studied yet in relation to face processing. Our goal was to distinguish the effects of added phase-noise from that of another irrelevant, overlapping non-face object (a car) on the electrophysiological correlates of human face processing. Subjects performed a two-alternative gender discrimination task with seven levels of difficulty, equalised between the phase-noise and overlapping object conditions. W.
Stimulus affect valence may influence mapping-rule selection but does not reverse the spatial compatibility effect: reinterpretation of Conde et al. (2011)

Conde et al. (2011) reported a finding that their article title characterized as "stimulus affective valence reverses the spatial compatibility effect. " In their study, participants performed a choice-reaction task in which the stimulus was a soccer player from their "Favorite" team or from a "Rival" team, presented in a left or right location. The team signaled whether a spatially compatible or incompatible keypress was to be made in response to the stimulus location. The Favorite team showed a benefit for the spatially compatible response, but the Rival team showed a benefit for the spatially incompatible response. In the present commentary, the data of Conde et al. are reorganized according to the two mixed-mapping conditions under which participants performed: Favorite→compatible/Rival→incompatible and Rival→compatible/Favorite→ incompatible. This reorganization shows the typical finding of no spatial compatibility effect for mixed mappings in both conditions but an overall advantage for the Favorite→compatible/Rival→incompatible mapping of teams to mapping rules. This compatibility effect for team preference to mapping rule may be a consequence of positive and negative affect, although other accounts are possible. Regardless of its basis, that compatibility effect did not modulate the spatial compatibility effect.
Introduction: The idea of political education

This article considers the current context for renewed concern about 'political education' worldwide and in the UK. The concept 'political education' is analysed, as are normative and positive questions about the relationship between education and political outcomes. The article goes on to consider the history of and reasons for UK exceptionalism as regards this aspect of educational policy-explanations for British antipathy to political education are sought in aspects of British political institutions and political culture.
Analysis of Gene Expression in a Human Cell Line Stably Transduced with Herpesvirus Saimiri

ABSTRACT Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) is the prototype gamma-2 herpesvirus; it has significant homology to the human gammaherpesviruses Kaposi's sarcoma-associated virus and Epstein-Barr virus and the murine gammaherpesvirus murine herpesvirus 68. HVS causes a persistent asymptomatic infection in its natural host, the squirrel monkey. Both subgroups A and C possess the ability to immortalize common marmoset T lymphocytes to interleukin-2-independent proliferation. However, only subgroup C is capable of transforming human, rabbit, and rhesus monkey lymphocytes in vitro. In addition, HVS can stably transduce a variety of human cell lines where the virus persists as a nonintegrating circular episome. In this study, we have developed a system in which the HVS DNA is stably maintained as a nonintegrated circular episome in the human lung carcinoma cell line A549. Virus production can be reactivated using chemical inducing agents, including tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate andn-butyrate, suggesting that the infection in human A549 cells is latent. To analyze virus gene expression in these stably transduced cells, Northern blot analysis was performed using a series of probes produced from restriction fragments spanning the entire coding region of the HVS genome. This demonstrated that an adjacent set of genes containing open reading frames (ORFs) 71 to 73 are expressed in this stably transduced cell line. Moreover, these genes are transcribed as a polycistronic mRNA species produced from a common promoter upstream of ORF 73. This model may serve as a useful tool in the further analysis of the role of ORFs 71 to 73 in gamma-2 herpesvirus latency.
Comparative analysis of RNA-Seq alignment algorithms and the RNA-Seq unified mapper (RUM)

MOTIVATION A critical task in high-throughput sequencing is aligning millions of short reads to a reference genome. Alignment is especially complicated for RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) because of RNA splicing. A number of RNA-Seq algorithms are available, and claim to align reads with high accuracy and efficiency while detecting splice junctions. RNA-Seq data are discrete in nature; therefore, with reasonable gene models and comparative metrics RNA-Seq data can be simulated to sufficient accuracy to enable meaningful benchmarking of alignment algorithms. The exercise to rigorously compare all viable published RNA-Seq algorithms has not been performed previously. RESULTS We developed an RNA-Seq simulator that models the main impediments to RNA alignment, including alternative splicing, insertions, deletions, substitutions, sequencing errors and intron signal. We used this simulator to measure the accuracy and robustness of available algorithms at the base and junction levels. Additionally, we used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Sanger sequencing to validate the ability of the algorithms to detect novel transcript features such as novel exons and alternative splicing in RNA-Seq data from mouse retina. A pipeline based on BLAT was developed to explore the performance of established tools for this problem, and to compare it to the recently developed methods. This pipeline, the RNA-Seq Unified Mapper (RUM), performs comparably to the best current aligners and provides an advantageous combination of accuracy, speed and usability. AVAILABILITY The RUM pipeline is distributed via the Amazon Cloud and for computing clusters using the Sun Grid Engine (http://cbil.upenn.edu/RUM). CONTACT ggrant@pcbi.upenn.edu; epierce@mail.med.upenn.edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The RNA-Seq sequence reads described in the article are deposited at GEO, accession GSE26248.