Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Insights into language processing in aphasia from semantic priming and semantic judgement tasks

The nature of semantic impairment in people with aphasia (PWA) provides the background to the current study, which examines whether different methods of semantic assessment can account for such deficits. Cognitive ability, which has previously been linked to language ability in PWA, may impact on test performance and was therefore also examined. The aims of the current study were to compare performance of control participants and PWA on implicit and explicit assessment of semantics, and to relate it to performance on tests of cognition. The impact of semantically similar versus associative relationship types between test stimuli was also considered. Three experimental semantic tasks were developed, including one implicit measure of semantic processing (Semantic Priming) and two explicit measures (Word to Picture Verification and Word to Picture Matching). Test stimuli were matched in terms of key psycholinguistic variables of frequency, imageability and length, and other factors including visual similarity, semantic similarity, and association. Performance of 40 control participants and 20 PWA was investigated within and between participant groups. The relationship between semantic task performance and existing semantic and cognitive assessments was also explored in PWA. An important finding related to a subgroup of PWA who were impaired on the explicit experimental semantic tasks but demonstrated intact semantic processing via the implicit method. Within tasks some differences were found in the effects of semantically related or associated stimuli. No relationships were found between experimental semantic task performance and cognitive task accuracy. The research offers insights into the role of implicit language testing, the impact of stimuli relationship type, and the complex relationship between semantic processing and cognition. The findings underline the need for valid and accurate measures of semantic processing to be in place to enable accurate diagnosis for PWA, in order to direct appropriate intervention choice and facilitate successful rehabilitation.
Linked Humanities Data: The Next Frontier? A Case-study in Historical Census Data

This paper discusses the use of Linked Data to harmonize the Dutch censuses (1795-1971). Due to the long period they cover, census data is notoriously difficult to compare, aggregate and query in a uniform fashion. In social history, harmonization is the (manual) process of restructuring, interpreting and correcting original data sources to make a comparison possible. We describe a harmonization methodology based on standard Linked Data principles, illustrate how the size and complexity of the resulting linked data source poses new challenges for Semantic Web technology, and discuss potential solutions.
Link Quality Estimator for a Mobile Robot

Abstract : Maintaining link connectivity between a mobile robot and its control station in a non-line-of-sight environment is challenging. One solution is to use intermediate relay radios that the robot can carry and deploy when and where needed to maintain the link. However, the precise placement locations for the relays are not known ahead of time. Therefore, the deployment decision must be formulated online and the relays deployed before the link with the control station breaks. A link-quality estimator is developed based on video throughput and received signal strength indicator data. The estimator takes into account human perception of video quality that is obtained via subjective testing by an operator. The data is used to train the link-quality estimator, which issues an alert that can be used as a trigger for an automatic relay deployment mechanism or to advise the operator to manually deploy relays before the link between the robot and control station fails.
CREB up-regulates long non-coding RNA, HULC expression through interaction with microRNA-372 in liver cancer

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), highly up-regulated in liver cancer (HULC) plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Depletion of HULC resulted in a significant deregulation of several genes involved in liver cancer. Although up-regulation of HULC expression in hepatocellular carcinoma has been reported, the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we used in vivo and in vitro approaches to characterize cancer-dependent alterations in the chromatin organization and find a CREB binding site (encompassing from −67 to −53 nt) in the core promoter. Besides, we also provided evidence that PKA pathway may involved in up-regulation of HULC. Furthermore, we demonstrated HULC may act as an endogenous ‘sponge’, which down-regulates a series of microRNAs (miRNAs) activities, including miR-372. Inhibition of miR-372 leads to reducing translational repression of its target gene, PRKACB, which in turn induces phosphorylation of CREB. Over-expression of miR-372 decreases the association of CREB with the proximal promoter, followed by the dissociation of P300, resulting in a change of the histone ‘code’, such as in deacetylation and methylation. The study elucidates that fine tuning of HULC expression is part of an auto-regulatory loop in which it’s inhibitory to expression and activity of miR-372 allows lncRNA up-regulated expression in liver cancer.
Why are Saving Rates of Urban Households in China Rising?

From 1995 to 2005, the average urban household saving rate in China rose by 7 percentage points, to ¼ of disposable income. We use household-level data to explain the postponing of consumption despite rapid income growth. Tracing cohorts over time indicates virtually no consumption smoothing over the life cycle. Saving rates have increased across all demographic groups, although the age-profile of savings has an unusual U-shaped pattern, with saving rates being the highest among the youngest and oldest households in recent years. These patterns are best explained by the rising private burden of expenditures on housing, education, and health care.
Ontology: the historical review and literature productivity analysis using bibliometric methodology from 1956 to 2008

The objective of this paper is mainly focusing on the historical review of international periodicals and literatures which topics as great renown of "Ontology" on SSCI database from 1956 to 2008. The result indicated that the literature productions related to ontology topic are still growing. The frequency indexes of author productivity distribution didn't follow by Lotca's Law. The applications of ontology are mainly following by research aspects such as philosophy; computer science and information system; information science and library science; psychology, multidisciplinary; history and philosophy of science; ethics and sociology and so on. The literatures of ontology are usually generating by multiple authorship.
A low input offset voltage input stage with base current traced compensation technique

An input stage using Darlington configuration with a lateral PNP and a vertical PNP combination for operational amplifier (Op-Amp) is presented in this paper. The emitter degeneration resistors are added to enhance the slew rate of the amplifier. To decrease the input offset voltage, the base current traced compensation technique is used to balance and compensate the different current component between the two input current branches through the current mirrors. This input stage is fabricated with the standard bipolar process, and the typical input offset voltage of 1mV, temperature coefficient of input offset voltage is around 5μV/°C over -55°C to 125°C, slew rate of 9.2V/μs and low input bias current are achieved without any trimming techniques.
X-ray pre-ionization powered by accretion on the first black holes – I. A model for the WMAP polarization measurement

In this paper we investigate the possibility that there is a first phase of partial ionization due to X-rays produced by black hole (BH) accretion in small-mass galaxies at redshifts 7 < z < 20. This is followed by complete reionization by stellar sources at z ≃ 7. This scenario is motivated by the large optical depth to Thomson scattering, τ e ≃ 0.17 ± 0.04, recently measured by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). However, it is also consistent with the observed Gunn-Peterson trough in the spectra of quasars at z ∼ 5-6. We use a semi-analytic code to explore models with different BH accretion histories and cosmological parameters. We find that 'pre-ionization' by X-rays can increase the intergalactic medium (IGM) optical depth from τ e 0.06 given by stellar sources only, to 0.1 < τ e < 0.2, if a fraction of baryons 10 -5 < ω ac < 10 -4 is accreted on to seed BHs produced in the collapse of low-metallicity, high-mass stars before z ≃ 15. To be effective, pre-ionization requires a non-negligible star formation in the first small-mass galaxies in which seed BHs are formed. By z ∼ 20-25 the IGM is reheated to 10 000 K and the ionization fraction is about 20 per cent. The increase of the IGM Jeans mass is effective in reducing star formation in the smaller mass haloes. Large values of τ e are obtained in models with top-heavy stellar initial mass function only if pair-instability supernovae (SNe) are not important. Seed BHs are assumed to accrete at near the Eddington limit with a duty cycle that decreases slowly with increasing time. Alternatively, a moderate fraction of the black holes must be ejected from the host galaxy or exist without merging into the supermassive BHs in galactic centres. The model predicts that dwarf spheroidal galaxies, if they are preserved fossils of the first galaxies, may host a mass in BHs that is 5-40 per cent of their stellar mass. The redshifted X-ray background produced by this early epoch of BH accretion constitutes about 5-10 per cent of the hard X-ray background in the 2-50 keV bands and roughly half of the currently estimated BH mass density was formed at early times. Moreover, in most models, the photons from the redshifted background are sufficient to fully reionize He II at redshift z ∼ 3 without any additional contribution from quasars at lower redshifts and the temperature of the mean density IGM remains close to 10 4 K down to redshift z ∼ 1.
Recovery in Parallel State-Machine Replication

State-machine replication is a popular approach to building fault-tolerant systems, which relies on the sequential execution of commands to guarantee strong consistency. Sequential execution, however, threatens performance. Recently, several proposals have suggested parallelizing the execution model of the replicas to enhance state-machine replication’s performance. Despite their success in accomplishing high performance, the implications of these models on recovery is mostly left unaddressed. In this paper, we focus on the recovery problem in the context of Parallel State-Machine Replication. We propose two novel algorithms and assess them through simulation and a real implementation.
Paired-associate learning and priming effects in amnesia: a neuropsychological study.

Despite severe deficits of recall and recognition, amnesic patients can exhibit normal priming effects. Amnesic patients have also been reported to perform well on tests of paired-associate learning that involve related word pairs (e.g., table-chair). The present study investigated the role of priming effects in paired-associate learning. Experiment 1 illustrated the distinction between the memory impairment of amnesic patients and their intact priming ability. Amnesic patients were markedly deficient in learning unrelated word pairs, despite exhibiting normal priming as measured by a word-completion test involving the same words. In Experiment 2A, amnesic patients showed good paired-associate learning for related word pairs, though control subjects still performed significantly better. In addition, the good performance by amnesic patients was short-lived, and performance fell to baseline after a 2-hr delay. Control subjects performed well above baseline at all delay conditions. Experiment 2B showed that the forgetting of related word pairs by amnesic patients followed the same time course as the decay of word priming. Experiment 3 showed that amnesic patients were as good as control subjects at learning related word pairs when incidental learning and test procedures were used (a word-association test). The advantage of control subjects over amnesic patients in Experiments 2A and 2B could therefore be attributed to the explicit learning instructions that are standard in paired-associate tests. Finally, Experiment 4 showed that amnesic patients exhibited normal priming when they were asked to "free associate" to words (e.g., child) that were semantically related to previously presented words (e.g., baby). The results indicate that both priming effects and paired-associate learning of related word pairs depend on activation, a process that is preserved in amnesia. Activation can account for the findings of good performance by amnesic patients on tests of word priming (Experiments 1 and 2B), related paired associates (Experiments 2A and 2B), and word association (Experiments 3 and 4). Activation is a transient phenomenon presumed to operate on and facilitate access to preexisting representations. Control subjects can establish new associations and can strengthen preexisting associations by engaging processes that are impaired in amnesia. As a result, when explicit learning instructions are used to test paired-associate learning of related word pairs, control subjects can learn better and can remember longer than can amnesic patients (Experiments 2A and 2B). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Design of 45nm Switched Inverter Scheme (SIS) ADCs for Low Power and High Speed Applications

The Analog to Digital converters (ADC) play a very important role in today’s world of electronic systems. The requirement of present applications demands high speed, low power dissipation, minimum area, low noise and application specific resolution. Out of the various types of ADCs available the flash ADC is most popular for its highest conversion rate and its wide applications. On the down side the flash ADC dissipates high power due to the presence of resistance ladder. The power dissipation further increases with increase in resolution. In this research two different approaches are presented which eliminates the resistor ladder completely and hence reduce the power demand drastically. The first approach is Switched Inverter Scheme (SIS) ADC; it is realized for 3 bits using 7 comparator circuits of varying size in CMOS 45nm technology with Predictive Technology Model (PTM). The test result obtained indicates an offset error of 0.014 LSB. The full scale error is of -0.112LSB. The gain error is of 0.07 LSB, actual full scale range of 0.49V, worst case DNL & INL each of -0.3V. The power dissipation for the SIS ADC is 207.987 µwatts; Power delay product (PDP) is 415.9 fWs, and the area overhead is 1. 89µm 2 . The second approach is Sleep transistor SIS ADC. This approach shows 71% improvement in power dissipation. Whereas PDP is found to be 107.3 fWs and area overhead is 1.94 µm2 for Sleep transistor SIS ADC.
Mutation Testing of "Go-Back" Functions Based on Pushdown Automata

A go-back (GB) function for canceling recent user or system operations and going back to and resuming of previous state(s) is very often used regardless of the application domain. Therefore, faulty handling of them can cause severe damages in those applications. This paper proposes a mutation-based approach to testing GB functions modeled by pushdown automata. Novel mutation operators, recent coverage criteria, and a new algorithm for test case generation are introduced. A case study validates the approach and discusses its characteristics.
Retrieval of 3-D Water Vapor Field Using a Network of Scanning Compact Microwave Radiometers

Quantitative precipitation forecasting is currently limited by the paucity of observations of thermodynamic variables in the troposphere, including water vapor. Specifically, measurements of 3-D water vapor fields are needed at sub-meso-gamma scales in pre- storm conditions. This can be achieved using a network of remote sensors to retrieve the water vapor field with high spatial and temporal resolution. Such measurements may be used for assimilation into and validation of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Conventional measurements of water vapor density profiles are obtained using in-situ probes on-board weather balloons, including radiosondes. Remote sensing techniques to retrieve moisture profiles include ground-based networks receiving Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals, including GPS, and GPS receivers aboard the COSMIC satellite constellation for atmospheric occultation. These methods provide measurements with high vertical resolution but with coarse horizontal resolution. Differential Absorption Lidars (DIAL) can retrieve water vapor with comparable resolution to that of radiosonde observations. However, these lidars are expensive, and their operation is limited to clear-sky conditions due to the high opacity of clouds at optical wavelengths. Inversion of brightness temperatures measured by upward- looking, ground-based microwave radiometers allows the estimation of vertical profiles with high temporal resolution in both clear and cloudy conditions. However, assimilation of retrieved 3-D water vapor fields with improved spatial coverage into NWP models in pre-storm conditions has the potential for substantial impact on numerical weather prediction of convective storm activity. Measurements using a network of multi-frequency microwave radiometers can provide the necessary information to retrieve the 3-D distribution of water vapor in the troposphere.
Information , Advice or Delegation : What Leads to Higher Trust in a Distribution Channel ?

Retailers often solicit assistance from manufacturers in the form of information report about market conditions or advice about retail decisions, or even by requesting manufacturers to make decisions on their behalf. However, the manufacturer's pecuniary incentive often con icts with that of the retailer's, causing concerns about the manufacturer's trustworthiness. We investigate whether and how the form of manufacturer assistance information sharing, advice provision or delegation a ects retailer trust and coordination of channel decisions in this setting. We propose that the form of assistance a ects non-pecuniary motives that give rise to trust and trustworthiness. Speci cally, the extent to which the manufacturer is involved in assisting the retailer will in uence the type of information processing the manufacturer performs, as well as the manufacturer's decision rights to make retail decisions. We conduct laboratory experiments to test our predictions. We nd that the level of trust and coordination decreases as the extent of the manufacturer's involvement increases. Standard theory that is based solely on pecuniary motives cannot explain the observed di erences because it predicts the same outcome complete lack of trust and coordination under all forms of manufacturer assistance. We further nd that, despite the presence of manufacturer opportunism, retailers that are trusting make higher pro ts than retailers lacking in trust. Our results o er insights into how to e ectively manage distribution channels and why some channel arrangements lead to more successful outcomes than others. ∗
Entailment and Projection for Clp(b) and Clp(q) in Sicstus Prolog

The idea of using the CLP framework to reason about CLP programming leads to not only an elegant theory but also to practical and useful applications. Most works rely on abstract top-down or bottom-up interpreters to nitely compute the semantics of abstract programs. A few basic operations, e.g. entailment and projection, are quite common in the structure of such interpreters. This paper presents the deenition, speciication and implementation of ve relations, namely satissable, entail, equivalent, project and copy for the boolean and rational constraint solvers of SICStus Prolog v3-5.
Reoptimizing shortest paths: From state of the art to new recent perspectives

Reoptimizing shortest paths consists in solving a sequence of shortest path problems, where each problem differs only slightly from the previous one, because the origin node has been changed, some arcs have been removed from the graph, or the cost of a subset of arcs has been modified. Each problem could be simply solved from scratch, independently from the previous one, by using either a label-correcting or a label-setting shortest path algorithm. Nevertheless, a clever way to approach it is to design ad hoc algorithms that efficiently use information resulting from previous computations. This paper formally defines the different shortest path reoptimization problems arising in several different scenarios and/or conditions and surveys the most efficient state of the art algorithms to approach them. It also describes some new solution techniques inspired by the dual mathematical formulation of the problems.
Generalization ability of a perceptron with nonmonotonic transfer function

We investigate the generalization ability of a perceptron with nonmonotonic transfer function of a reversed-wedge type in on-line mode. This network is identical to a parity machine, a multilayer network. We consider several learning algorithms. By the perceptron algorithm the generalization error is shown to decrease by the ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{-}1/3}$-law similarly to the case of a simple perceptron in a restricted range of the parameter $a$ characterizing the nonmonotonic transfer function. For other values of $a$, the perceptron algorithm leads to the state where the weight vector of the student is just opposite to that of the teacher. The Hebbian learning algorithm has a similar property; it works only in a limited range of the parameter. The conventional AdaTron algorithm does not give a vanishing generalization error for any values of $a$. We thus introduce a modified AdaTron algorithm that yields a good performance for all values of $a$. We also investigate the effects of optimization of the learning rate as well as of the learning algorithm. Both methods give excellent learning curves proportional to ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The latter optimization is related to the Bayes statistics and is shown to yield useful hints to extract maximum amount of information necessary to accelerate learning processes.
Lane detection based on hough transform and endpoints classification

Road boundary recognition is one of the key technologies of intelligent vehicle based on machine vision and lane lines can be used in road boundary identification. This paper proposes a lane line enhancement method based on the Gaussian distribution. After Hough transform, a method to classify the endpoints that belong to different lane lines and a way to show the lane lines are provided. The experiments results show that the method is effective and reliable.
Differentially private summaries for sparse data

Differential privacy is fast becoming the method of choice for releasing data under strong privacy guarantees. A standard mechanism is to add noise to the counts in contingency tables derived from the dataset. However, when the dataset is sparse in its underlying domain, this vastly increases the size of the published data, to the point of making the mechanism infeasible. We propose a general framework to overcome this problem. Our approach releases a compact summary of the noisy data with the same privacy guarantee and with similar utility. Our main result is an efficient method for computing the summary directly from the input data, without materializing the vast noisy data. We instantiate this general framework for several summarization methods. Our experiments show that this is a highly practical solution: The summaries are up to 1000 times smaller, and can be computed in less than 1% of the time compared to standard methods. Finally, our framework works with various data transformations, such as wavelets or sketches.