Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monosynaptic Tracing using Modified Rabies Virus Reveals Early and Extensive Circuit Integration of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Neurons

General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. SUMMARY Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived dopamine neurons are currently moving toward clinical use for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the timing and extent at which stem cell-derived neurons functionally integrate into existing host neural circuitry after transplantation remain largely unknown. In this study, we use modified rabies virus to trace afferent and efferent connectivity of transplanted hESC-derived neurons in a rat model of PD and report that grafted human neurons integrate into the host neural circuitry in an unexpectedly rapid and extensive manner. The pattern of connectivity resembled that of local endogenous neurons, while ectopic connections were not detected. Revealing circuit integration of human dopamine neurons substantiates their potential use in clinical trials. Additionally, our data present rabies-based tracing as a valuable and widely applicable tool for analyzing graft connectivity that can easily be adapted to analyze connectivity of a variety of different neuronal sources and subtypes in different disease models.
An E�cient Machine Learning and Deep Belief Network Models for Wireless Intrusion Detection System

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have emerged as a critical component of the Internet of Things (IoT), yet despite their obvious bene�ts, security challenges persist. As more devices connect to the internet, new cyber assaults join established ones, posing serious concerns to the con�dentiality, integrity, and accessibility of data in WSNs. Security in WSNs is a critical and di�cult task. Anomaly detection is essential for ensuring the security of WSNs. The detection of abnormal data using a machine learning (ML) algorithm has gained popularity in recent years. Numerous ML classi�ers have been employed in WSNs intrusion detection. However, existing research rarely considered feature dimensionality reduction, which is critical for developing a well-performing intrusion detection system (IDS). The purpose of this study is to develop a hybrid solution for intrusion detection in WSNs. For better results, the hybrid technique employed both principal component analysis and the �re�y algorithm (PCA + FA) for feature dimensionality reduction. We investigated both ML algorithms (random forest, decision tree, Naïve Bayes) and deep belief networks for intrusion detection in WSNs. The experiment was run on the renowned NSL-KDD dataset in addition to the most recent CICIDS2017 and UNSW-NB15 datasets, to create a stable dataset with a proportionate number of regular tra�c and malicious samples. The results demonstrated that the proposed hybrid feature dimensionality reduction techniques PCA + FA-RF, PCA + FA-DT, PCA + FA-NB, and PCA + FA-DBN outperform the individual base models RF, DT, NB, and DBN (without feature dimensionality reduction) in terms of accuracy (ACC), detection rate (DR), and false alarm rate (warning) making the proposed hybrid feature dimensionality reduction a viable option for intrusion detection in WSNs. Additionally, the experimental �ndings in terms of the training time showed that our proposed models train faster than the single individual models on the UNSW-NB15, NSLKDD, and CICIDS2017. On the NSLKDD single-RF requires approximately 2.18 times higher and single-DBN requires approximately 1.99 times higher training time than PCA + FA-RF and PCA + FA-DBN. For the UNSW-NB15 dataset, the individual single-DT requires approximately 1.10 times higher training time than PCA + FA-DT and PCA + FA-NB on the UNSW-NB15 dataset. Individual single-NB requires approximately 1.08 times higher training time than PCA + FA-DT and PCA + FA-NB. On the CICIDS2017 dataset, our proposed models train faster than single individual models (RF, DT, NB, DBN). Individual single-RF on the CICIDS2017 dataset requires roughly 1.97 times higher training time than PCA + FA-RF and PCA + FA-DT. Individual single-DT takes around 1.20 times higher to train than PCA + FA-RF and PCA + FA-DT. The execution time results revealed our model's capability of detecting intrusions with a great DR, ACC, and FAR (warning) rate. Consequently, indicating its advantage over state-of-the-art methods.
Transforming Delivery Of Education In E-Learning Through Laptop: A Study Of Business Students’ Perception In Higher Education

In higher education, students are deemed to be the pivotal customers of universities. In order to succeed from ever increasing competition and to maintain sustainability, satisfying student’s needs and their expectations are the rudimentary elements for universities. This study tends to investigate student’s preferred method for learning in context of mobile devices i.e. particularly laptop, in higher education institutes of developing countries. For this purpose, higher education service (HES) quality indicators by Kwan and Ng (1999), have been utilized in e-learning context of a developing country i.e. Pakistan, particularly to examine student’s preference in terms of learning via laptop or face to face method. By conducting a quantitative survey, the results of present research indicated that majority of students preferred blended learning model for e-learning setting i.e. mixture of both laptop and traditional method. Also, the findings revealed that, students are willing to experience e-learning via other mobile devices’ therefore, further research should be carried out in said context of e-learning in developing countries to enhance student’s satisfaction as well as quality of services provided by universities.
Comparison of testosterone, FSH, LH and E2 hormone levels in infertility suspected males with COVID-19 infection

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that has many adverse impacts on many systems including reproduction. The direct effects of COVID-19 on urogenital system are still open to argue. This study aimed to compare testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2) hormone levels in COVID-19 infected male individuals with infertility suspicion. Methods: One hundred five control (healthy) and 105 COVID-19 infected males aged between 20 to 54 years old were enrolled in the study. All patients were either diagnosed with primary or secondary infertility suspicion. The COVID-19 infection was diagnosed via reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction test. Blood samples from patients were analyzed from the control and COVID-19 group to measure serum testosterone, FSH, LH, and E2 levels. Hormone levels were statistically compared between groups with the Independent T test. Results: In control and COVID-19 patients, no significance was determined for FSH and LH hormone values. Testosterone hormone were significantly decreased and E2 level was statistically increased in COVID-19 patients compared to that in the control group (P < .001). Conclusion: COVID-19 is a viral disease that affects organ including gonads. COVID-19 infection decreased testosterone levels and increased E2 levels, which leading to disorders in male and female reproductivity.
Negative Beliefs About Suicide Disclosure

Abstract This study examined the differences in negative beliefs about disclosing suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) between US Veterans and non-Veterans, and between Veterans who are and are not enrolled in Veterans Health Administration (VHA) care. Participants included 495 adults with a history of suicide ideation who completed an online self-report questionnaire inquiring about history of STBs, STB disclosure, and beliefs about STB disclosures. Group differences in STB disclosure beliefs were analyzed. Results showed that Veterans (vs. non-Veterans) more strongly believed that STB disclosure would result in firearm confiscation. VHA-enrolled (vs. non-VHA enrolled) Veterans reported stronger beliefs that STB disclosures result in involuntary hospitalization. Among VHA-enrolled Veterans, stronger beliefs regarding providers' interest regarding true STB experiences and others' comfort with STB disclosures were associated with lower STB disclosure likelihood. Findings highlight that educating Veterans on the benefits of STB disclosure and limiting misinformation regarding its consequences is paramount, specifically through improved suicide-related communication within the VHA and stigma reduction campaigns.
Hot spots and trends in PCI prognostic research: A bibliometric analysis with CiteSpace

Background: The number of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures is increasing along with the number of studies involving guidelines, prognostic assessments, and cardiac rehabilitation related to PCI strategies. However, fewer studies have reported the mapping of knowledge structure and hotspot analysis in this field. Our goal was to discuss and analyze the current status, hot spots and developmental trends associated with research into the prognosis of patients undergoing PCI, and to provide reference for PCI-related research. Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection and China Knowledge Network were searched for relevant literature from January 2003 to October 2022, and CiteSpace 6.1. R3 software was used to analyze the co-occurrence, clustering, and emerging authors, institutions, and keywords. Results: A total of 2666 English and 2010 Chinese publications were included. The number of publications showed a growing trend. The author with the maximum number of articles was Xu Bo. The institutions with high productivity were Peking Union Medical College and Capital Medical University. Although the number of Chinese articles was high, the cooperation between institutions was low and the impact was small. The results of the analysis suggest a shift in the focus of keywords from coronary artery disease and PCI to studies involving the assessment and intervention of risk factors associated with poor prognosis of PCI. Traditional Chinese Medicine and anxiety represent the emerging direction of PCI prognosis. The assessment of major adverse cardiovascular events and cardiac rehabilitation require careful analysis in post-PCI research. Conclusion: The findings of this bibliometric study present a comprehensive and systematic overview of the PCI prognosis, based on the analysis of the current status and trends in research, which may facilitate the identification of hot topics and new directions for future research.
Meta-analysis of clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture versus conventional treatment for postoperative urinary retention in cervical cancer

Background: To conduct a meta-analysis on the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture in the treatment of postoperative urinary retention in cervical cancer, and to provide a theoretical basis for the promotion of electroacupuncture in the treatment of this disease. Methods: Computer searches of the Cochrane library, Web of science, PubMed, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang database, Wipu database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database database were conducted to find randomized controlled trials on electroacupuncture for postoperative urinary retention recovery in cervical cancer, all from the time of database creation to October 2022. Two evaluators independently evaluated the quality of the included literature and extracted the data. Data were combined and analyzed using RevMan 5.4. Results: A total of 21 Randomized controlled trials with 1532 patients, 789 in the treatment group and 743 in the control group, were included. One descriptive analysis was performed and 20 Meta-analyses were performed. Meta-analysis results showed that: The electroacupuncture group was more effective than the control group in promoting recovery from urinary retention after cervical cancer, with a statistically significant difference [relative risk (RR)] = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI 1.26, 1.39), P < . 00001; The duration of indwelling catheterization was reduced in the electroacupuncture group compared with the control group, with a statistically significant standard mean difference = −1.43, 95% CI (−1.62, −1.24), P < . 00001; The healing rate in the electroacupuncture group was higher than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference [RR] = 1.92, 95% CI (1.59, 2.30), P < . 00001; The rate of urinary tract infection in the electroacupuncture group was lower than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference [RR] = 0.22, 95% CI (0.10, 0.45), P < . 00001. The incidence of urinary retention was lower in the electroacupuncture group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant [RR = 0.26, 95% CI (0.18, 0.39), P < . 01]. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture can promote the recovery of urinary retention after cervical cancer surgery, and can improve the healing rate of patients after surgery, reduce the occurrence of urinary tract infection and shorten the duration of indwelling catheterization.
The predictive value of infrared thermal imaging (IRT) for peripheral artery disease: A systematic review

Background: Medical infrared thermal imaging (IRT) has been applied to research blood flow, breast cancer detection, and human body muscle performance. The benefits of IRT include the fact that it is noninvasive, quick, dependable, non-contact, capable of creating several recordings in a short period of time, and secure for both patients and medical professionals. We aimed to determine the predictive value of IRT for identifying and evaluating any interventional procedure in patients affected by peripheral artery disease (PAD) of any severity. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed on the topic of IRT and PAD until January 20,2023. We excluded gray literature as it is lacking credibility for not undergoing a peer-reviewed process. The search strategy includes the medical topic headings for “infrared thermal imaging” and “peripheral vascular disorders. ” The primary outcome of this systematic review was the variation in tissue perfusion in PAD patients. Each technique’s technical characteristics and therapeutic use within PAD must be described in each included study. Results: This systematic review included 2 case reports and 3 observational studies. By comparing the temperatures of PAD patients hands, legs, and feet, IRT might prove to be an unduly valuable tool for treating vascular illnesses, especially in light of the knowledge gained from the temperature distribution maps. Conclusion: This noninvasive method demonstrated encouraging results in the detection of various areas of foot perfusion and the screening of PAD, and it gave good findings in gauging the effects of any type of intervention.
Effect of 25 hydroxyvitamin D on attention deficit and hyperactivity in school-age children with ADHD

Background: To observe the serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] in healthy school-age children and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to analyze the effects of serum 25 (OH) D on the symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity in school-age children with ADHD. Methods: According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for ADHD in children, 80 healthy children aged 6 years or less than 10 years old and children diagnosed with ADHD in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Department of Physical Examination of our hospital were randomly selected as research subjects. The serum 25 (OH) D level, attention deficit hyperactivity (Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, version IV [SNAP-IV] parental version) score and Conners child behavior (PSQ) index were observed and compared between the 2 groups. In addition, the children with ADHD whose serum 25 (OH) D was lower than normal were treated with supplemental VitD3, and the changes in serum 25 (OH) D, SNAP-IV parental score and PSQ index of ADHD children were observed and compared. Results: Serum 25(OH)D was insufficient or deficient in 26 healthy children, but the SNAP-IV score and PSQ index were normal. Serum 25(OH)D was lower than normal in 69 patients in the ADHD group, which was negatively correlated with SNAP-IV score (r = −0.3479, P = .0034) and negatively correlated with PSQ index (r = −0.3566, P = .0026). After vitamin D3 (VitD3) supplementation in 69 children with serum 25(OH)D levels lower than the normal ADHD group, it was found that the SNAP-IV score (r = −0.4654, P = .0037) and PSQ index (r = −0.5680, P = .0002) of 34 children with ADHD were negatively correlated with the increase in serum 25(OH)D. The SNAP-IV score and PSQ index of the other 35 children with ADHD showed no correlation with the increase in serum 25 (OH) D (P > .05). Conclusion subsections: Serum 25(OH)D levels lower than normal are more common in school-age children, and levels lower than normal are not the key pathogenic factor of ADHD in school-age children, but serum 25(OH)D levels lower than normal may be the upregulation factor of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder expression in some school-age children with ADHD. The lower level of serum 25(OH)D may be closely related to the severity of ADHD symptoms in some children.
Effects of kidney tonic herbs for primary osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Primary osteoporosis (POP) is one of the most common orthopedic conditions with a high risk of fractures. Effective treatment of POP is crucial for reducing disability rates and improving quality of life. Kidney tonic therapy is a classical traditional Chinese medicine approach for treating POP. This study aims to provide a comprehensive and reliable assessment of the clinical evidence of kidney tonic herbs (KTH) in treating POP patients. Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted in 8 electronic databases from their inception through September 30, 2022, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KTH for POP. We included 43 randomized controlled trials with 4349 participants. The qualified studies will be chosen and evaluated separately by 2 researchers. The primary outcome measure was bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 16 were used to carry out the meta-analyses. Results: Our meta-analysis showed 29 studies with significantly increased lumbar BMD (mean difference [MD] = 0.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]; I2 = 98%, P = .003), 18 studies with noticeably higher femoral neck BMD (MD = 0.08; 95% CI; I2 = 98%, P = .0005), 6 studies with significantly increased femoral trochanter BMD (MD = 0.10; 95% CI; I2 = 97%, P = .002), 4 studies with noticeably higher ward’s triangle BMD (MD = 0.13; 95% CI; I2 = 100%, P = .04), and 3 studies with noticeably higher distal radius BMD (MD = 0.06; 95% CI; I2 = 86%, P = .009). One study showed 12 falls and 8 fallers in the intervention group, 28 falls and 17 fallers in the control group at 36 months. 3 studies showed a significant difference in fracture incidence between the intervention group and the control group (95% CI: 0.15-0.81; I2 = 0%, P = .01). Additionally, the meta-analysis demonstrated that KTH offered superior pain relief (8 trials, n = 980; 95% CI: −1.05 to −0.74; I2 = 94%, P < .00001). Besides, KTH found no serious harmful effects. Discussion: KTH may increase BMD and decrease the likelihood of fractures in POP patients. However, further research is necessary to investigate the effectiveness of KTH in reducing falls and fractures.
Climate-change versus landslide origin of fill terraces in a rapidly eroding bedrock landscape: San Gabriel River, California

Fill terraces along rivers represent the legacy of aggradation periods that are most commonly attributed to climate change. In the North Fork of the San Gabriel River, an arid bedrock landscape in the San Gabriel Mountains, California, a series of prominent fill terraces was previously related to climate-change−induced pulses of hillslope sediment supply that temporarily and repeatedly overwhelmed river transport capacity during the Quaternary. Based on field observations, digital topographic analysis, and dating of Quaternary deposits, we suggest instead that valley aggradation was spatially confined to the North Fork San Gabriel Canyon and was a consequence of the sudden supply of unconsolidated material to upstream reaches by one of the largest known landslides in the San Gabriel Mountains. New ^(10)Be-derived surface exposure ages from the landslide deposits, previously assumed to be early to middle Pleistocene in age, indicate at least three Holocene events at ca. 8−9 ka, ca. 4−5 ka, and ca. 0.5−1 ka. The oldest and presumably most extensive landslide predates the valley aggradation period, which is constrained by existing ^(14)C ages and new luminescence ages to ca. 7−8 ka. The spatial distribution, morphology, and sedimentology of the river terraces are consistent with deposition from far-traveling debris flows that originated within, and mined, the landslide deposits. Valley aggradation in the North Fork San Gabriel Canyon therefore resulted from locally enhanced sediment supply that temporarily overwhelmed river transport capacity, but the lack of similar deposits in other parts of the San Gabriel Mountains argues against a regional climatic signal. Our study highlights the potential for valley aggradation by debris flows in arid bedrock landscapes downstream of landslides that occupy headwater areas.
Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Political Stability and Institutional Quality on Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria

his study seeks to empirically investigate the impacts of political stability and institutional quality on economic growth in Nigeria using annual time series spanning 2000 to 2020. �e research employs Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (Bound test) and error correction technique to analyses the relationship. �e result of the ARDL bound test revealed the presence of long relationship where both the political stability and institutional quality were found to have positive and statistically signi�cant impacts on economic growth in the long run. �e result of the associated error correction term was negative, less than one and statistically signi�cant con�rming the existence of long run relationship among the variables used in the study. It is therefore recommended that authorities in Nigeria should work toward further stabilizing the polity and strengthening its institutions for more sustainable growth and development of the economy.
Performance Appraisal And Human Resources Motivation: Challenges And Prospects

There is a growing body of evidence supporting the relationship between performance appraisal systems and employee motivation in an organisation. However, it is not clear why this relationship exists. This paper argues that to provide a convincing explanation of this association, we need to improve our theoretical and analytical framework in the three key areas. There are the nature of human resources, the nature of organizational performance appraisal system and the relationship of both in enhancing human resources motivation and improved productivity. The study adopts a descriptive research design. Data are obtained primarily from secondary sources; government gazettes, news bulletins, past studies, etc. Review of existing literature will help in assessing research gap, challenges and possible prospects on the subject matter discuss.