Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role Relationships and Role Performance: The Male Married Student.

Studies immediately after World War H revealed significant differences between the academic performances of married and single college students which more recent studies have consistently failed to find. This discrepancy suggests the hypothesis that the roles of student and husband are more integrated in the case of the older student who has returned to school than in the case of the younger student who has married while in school. While older married students do have more integrated roles and perform somewhat better, closer examination of the data shows that role integration and academic performance are negatively related. Apparently the economy of sanctions resulting from role integration leads to a selection process slightly adverse from the standpoint of academic ability.
Influence of Elaboration on the Framing of Decision

Abstract Two experimental studies were conducted to examine the influence of elaboration on the framing of a medical decision. Subjects (N = 344) were undergraduate students randomly assigned to one cell of a 2 × 2 design (high- and low-elaboration conditions; positive and negative decision frame versions). In the low-elaboration condition, a framing effect (Tversky & Kahneman, 1981) was observed: Most of the subjects chose the riskless option when decision options were phrased positively in terms of gains, whereas most chose the risky option when options were phrased negatively in terms of losses. However, in the high-elaboration condition, the framing effect was not observed.
Efficient and Secure Batch Exponentiations Outsourcing in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is an emerging computing paradigm in which IT resources and capacities are provided as services over the Internet. Promising as it is, this paradigm also brings forth new challenges for security when users want to securely outsource the computation of cryptographic operations to the untrusted cloud servers. As we know, modular exponentiation is one of basic operations among most of current cryptosystems. In this paper, we present two generic secure outsourcing schemes enabling users to securely outsource the computations of exponentiations to cloud servers. The first one is a secure outsourcing scheme for fixed base-variable exponent exponentiation, while the second is for fixed exponent-variable base exponentiation. With our techniques, a batch of exponentiations (eg. t exponentiations) can be efficiently computed by the user with only (n+t) multiplications, where n is the number of bits of the exponent. Furthermore, there is not any pre-computation on the user side. The schemes are proved to be secure under the Hidden Subset Sum Problem.
Parenting Style and Parent-Adolescent Religious Value Consensus

Three dimensions of parenting are examined as they relate to value consensus between late adolescents and their parents. A sample of 222 college students completed a questionnaire that assessed perceptions of their parents' childrearing practices in terms of control, nurturance, and communication. The parents and students completed a series of items related to religious values or beliefs. It was found that for father-adolescent dyads, father control and nurturance interacted in relation to value consensus. A parenting style characterized as low in control and low in nurturance was associated with significantly less creedal assent and devotionalism consensus than were other styles of parenting. For mother-adolescent dyads, a three-way interaction between mother control, nurturance, and gender of adolescent was found in relation to religious relativism value consensus, and an interaction between mother control and communication was marginally related to creedal assent and devotionalism value consensus. A high control-high nurturance parenting style was associated with greater creedal assent and devotionalism value consensus than were other styles of parenting. A main effect for gender of adolescent was found in relation to devotionalism value consensus. Mothers had greater agreement with their daughters than with their sons.
Silent Development of Memory Progenitor B Cells1

T cell-dependent immune responses generate long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells, both of which express hypermutated Ab genes. The relationship between these cell types is not entirely understood. Both appear to emanate from the germinal center reaction, but it is unclear whether memory cells evolve while obligatorily generating plasma cells by siblings under all circumstances. In the experiments we report, plasma cell development was functionally segregated from memory cell development by a series of closely spaced injections of Ag delivered during the period of germinal center development. The injection series elevated serum Ab of low affinity, supporting the idea that a strong Ag signal drives plasma cell development. At the same time, the injection series produced a distinct population of affinity/specificity matured memory B cells that were functionally silent, as manifested by an absence of corresponding serum Ab. These cells could be driven by a final booster injection to develop into Ab-forming cells. This recall response required that a rest period precede the final booster injection, but a pause of only 4 days was sufficient. Our results support a model of memory B cell development in which extensive affinity/specificity maturation can take place within a B cell clone under some circumstances in which a concomitant generation of Ab-forming cells by siblings does not take place.
Cyclin A2 regulates homologous recombination DNA repair and sensitivity to DNA damaging agents and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in human breast cancer cells

Defects in homologous recombination (HR) repair are found in breast cancers. Intriguingly, breast cancers with defective HR show increased sensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. As such, genes that can affect HR functions have been of high interest in studies aiming to develop biomarkers for predicting response to treatment with these agents. Cyclin A2 is a key component of the core cell cycle machinery. However, whether cyclin A2 dysfunctions could cause HR defect and mediate sensitivity to DNA damaging agents remain unclear. Here we show that loss of cyclin A2 causes high rates of double-strand breaks (DSB) in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The increased DSB was due to defective HR-mediated repair of the breaks, resulting from reduced MRE11 and RAD51 proteins. Cyclin A2 mediates MRE11 abundance through its MRE11 mRNA binding property and RAD51 abundance through inhibition of proteasome degradation of RAD51. Moreover, cyclin A2 depletion hypersensitized the cells to DNA damaging agents, such as cisplatin and melphalan. Our results demonstrate novel roles for cyclin A2 in regulating HR repair and determining sensitivity to DNA cross linkers and PARP inhibitors in breast cancer cells.
Increasing Output and Low Publication Rate of Brazilian Studies Presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meetings

Cancer is the second most frequent cause of death,1 with nearly half a million individuals in Brazil diagnosed with it every year.2 It has been suggested that efforts should be directed at increasing the amount of cancer research performed in Brazil, a country where the epidemiologic burden of the disease is not matched by a proportional increase in related research investments.3 Although the amount of cancer research is increasing in Brazil,4 there is a general impression that clinical research in particular is gaining substantial momentum. This is largely because pharmaceutical companies and contract research organizations have identified Brazil as an attractive site with rapid patient accrual and high quality data collection. Indeed, several recently published major oncology studies have included a substantial number of patients from Brazil, thus ensuring co-authorship of these articles to Brazilian investigators.5–9
Families in congregations: developing methods for studying their demographics, strengths, stressors, and faith behaviors

This article reports the development of a survey instrument for congregations to use in assessment of the strengths, stressors, and faith behaviors of congregational families. The survey was initially conducted with 32 congregations, involving 1977 respondents and four denominations-National Baptists, Presbyterians (USA), Southern Baptists (SBC), and United Methodists. The article describes the relationship structures, interactional processes, stressors, and faith behaviors of the families surveyed and how some congregations responded to and chose to use the findings.
Dynamic (Kinesthetic) Touch Perception in Preschool Children

The preschool years are an important time during which children gain proficiency using the hands for both performatory and perceptual functions that involve dynamic (kinesthetic) touch. We evaluated dynamic touch perception of object extent and found that preschool children are able to discriminate length by dynamic touch early, but perception is not very fine-tuned and perceptual attunement to inertial characteristics increased with age. An analysis comparing the performatory and perceptual functions of the hands showed links between performance and perception in dynamic touch tasks that did not require haptic–visual correspondence. We concluded that whereas dynamic touch is functional early in the preschool years, perceptual acuity is not very precise and haptic–visual correspondence remains immature. In addition, reliance on inertial properties as information to make judgments of length emerges between 3 and 5 years and attunement to inertial properties likely continues to develop throughout childhood because perceptual judgments of 5-year-olds did not reach adult levels. Tight links between the performatory and the perceptual functions of the hand suggest this is an important avenue for future research.
The ankle-foot orthosis improves balance and reduces fall risk of chronic spastic hemiparetic patients.

BACKGROUND Ankle foot orthoses (AFO) are commonly used orthotic device in order to restore the ankle foot function and to improve the balance and gait in post-stroke hemiparetic patients. However, there remain some discussions about their effectiveness on long term hemiparetic patients who had mild to moderate spasticity. AIM To investigate the relative effect of prefabricated thermoplastic posterior leaf spring AFO (PLS-AFO) on balance and fall risk. DESIGN A cross-over interventional study SETTING The Department of PMR of a tertiary hospital. POPULATION Twenty-five chronic post-stroke long duration hemiparetic patients who had Ashworth grade 1-2 spasticity at affected calf muscles and lower limb Brunnstrom stage 2-3 and also able to walk independently without an assistive device. METHODS Berg Balance Scale (BERG), and the postural stability test (PST) and the fall risk test (FRT) of Biodex balance systems were used for the assessments. All of the patients were assessed with AFO and without AFO. All assessments were made with footwear. RESULTS The mean post-stroke duration was 20,32±7,46 months. The BERG scores were 42,12±9,05 without AFO and 47,52±7,77 with AFO; the overall stability scores of FRT were 3,35±1,97 without AFO and 2,69±1,65 with AFO (P<0,001). CONCLUSION It was found that the prefabricated thermoplastic PLS-AFO improve balance and provide fall risk reduction in chronic post-stroke ambulatory hemiparetic patients who had mild to moderate spasticity on their affected lower limb. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT These results encourage the usage of AFO on long duration hemiparetic patients in order to provide better balance and lesser fall risk.
Que fait-on de l’intelligence autistique ?

Resume Cet article presente des caracteristiques de l’intelligence autistique et des moyens d’en optimiser le developpement dans un cadre scolaire. Les resultats recents ont revu a la baisse la place de la deficience intellectuelle dans l’autisme : une proportion notable d’autiste possede une intelligence fluide intacte, independamment de leur niveau expressif verbal. L’intelligence autistique 1. s’exerce sur des systemes de representations auquel elle a ete longuement exposee, 2. comprend un apprentissage implicite des regularites visuo-spatiales et formelles par exposition, 3. ne progresse pas par d’essais et erreurs, 4. manipule des systemes de representations independamment de leur fin ou leur utilite sociale. En revanche, elle serait limitee dans la creation de solutions dont le probleme n’est pas deja pose sous une forme de representation. Dans un cadre scolaire, il convient donc de ne pas exercer de coercition pour la reduction des comportements repetitifs, d’evaluer l’enfant avec des questions fermees, de preferer l’obtention du resultat a la capacite de l’expliquer, de preferer l’inventaire de connaissance a la mesure de l’imagination, et de premunir l’enfant du harcelement par ses pairs.
Goal $ Intent: Goal-Directed Thought and Behavior Are Often Unintentional

Here I focus on two key features of Lewis's proposed model of intentionality: (a) that an individual's (adult as well as infant) behavior may be driven by goal-systems activated directly by environmental events and (b) the implications of this nonconscious goal activation for the concept of intentionality. The essential point for which I argue is that in the course of his interesting and valuable analysis of the development of intentionality, Lewis has unnecessarily assumed an equivalence between the concepts of intentional and goal dir ected, an assumption that is contradicted by a substantial body of research on unintended thought and action.
Psychotherapy of Self-Criticism in a Case of Mixed Anaclitic-Introjective Depression

In this case study, the year-long psychotherapy of a depressed and self-critical 34-year-old women is described. Her depression was conceptualized as a “mixed” anaclitic and introjective type according to the model of Sidney Blatt. Anaclitic depression involves a preoccupation with the integrity of interpersonal relatedness (e.g., issues of dependency and abandonment), whereas introjective depression involves a preoccupation with autonomy and self-esteem (e.g., self-criticism and feelings of worthlessness). Given the potentially destructive nature of self-criticism, the therapist systematically confronted the patient’s use of this trait in a supportive manner. Changes in the patient’s functioning were assessed at the beginning and at the end of treatment using the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition) Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. After 1 year of psychotherapy combining both cognitive and psychodynamic interventions, the patient evidenced significant changes in both anaclitic and introjective personality dimensions and showed significant improvements in adaptive functioning.
Neural Correlates of Fine Depth Discrimination in Monkey Inferior Temporal Cortex

Binocular disparity is an important visual cue that gives rise to the perception of depth. Disparity signals are widely spread across the visual cortex, but their relative role is poorly understood. Here, we addressed the correlation between the responses of disparity-selective neurons in the occipitotemporal (ventral) visual pathway and the behavioral discrimination of stereoscopic depth. We recorded activity of disparity-selective neurons in the inferior temporal cortex (IT) while monkeys were engaged in a fine stereoscopic depth discrimination (stereoacuity) task. We found that trial-to-trial fluctuations in neuronal responses correlated with the monkey's perceptual choice. We suggest that disparity signals in the IT, located in the ventral visual pathway, are functionally linked to the discrimination of fine-grain depth.
Data Compression Techniques for Branch Prediction

Without special handling branch instructions would disrupt the smooth flow of instructions into the microprocessor pipeline. To eliminate this disruption, many modern systems attempt to predict the outcome of branch instructions, and use this prediction to fetch, decode and even evaluate future instructions. Recently, researchers have realized that the task of branch prediction for processor optimization is similar to the task of symbol prediction for data compression. Substantial progress has been made in developing approximations to asymptotically optimal compression methods, while respecting the limited resources available within the instruction prefetching phase of the processor pipeline. Not only does the infusion of data compression ideas result in a theoretical fortification of branch prediction, it results in real and significant empirical improvement in performance, as well. We present an overview of branch prediction, beginning with early techniques through more recent data compression inspired schemes. A new approach is described which uses a non-parametric probability density estimator similar to the LZ77 compression scheme [23]. Results are presented comparing the branch prediction accuracy of several schemes with those achieved by our new approach.
Superconducting fault current limiter to mitigate the effect of DC line fault in VSC-HVDC system

Voltage source converter based HVDC systems involving overhead transmission lines are prone to severe over-voltages during line faults. At present, they find applications only in back to back and/or underground cable transmission, with low power ratings. A conventional HVDC system suppresses the dc fault very well with the controllers and smoothing reactors while the same is not true with voltage source converter based HVDC systems. This necessitates the operation of some kind of protective devices. A superconducting fault current limiter, in this regard, is a possible device which can mitigate the effects of dc line faults. In this work, it is aimed to evaluate the dynamic performance of VSC-HVDC system integrated with a superconducting fault current limiter. The resistive superconducting fault current limiter is modeled in MATLAB and is interfaced with low voltage VSC-HVDC system, in PSCAD/EMTDC environment. The results of analysis for various ac and dc fault conditions are presented.
In vivo radiation response of proneural glioma characterized by protective p53 transcriptional program and proneural-mesenchymal shift

Significance Glioblastoma is one of the most radio-resistant tumors, and the mechanisms of radioresistance are intensely studied. Here, we use a mouse model of proneural glioma to evaluate in vivo radiation-induced gene expression regulation at both the translational and transcriptional levels. We found that p53 and E2F are major regulators of the in vivo radiation response, and that there is little contribution from translational regulation, in contrast to previous in vitro reports. We also found that radiation induces a rapid shift in subtype from proneural to mesenchymal, which may have important implications for attempts to tailor targeted therapy regimens to tumor subtype. Glioblastoma is the most common adult primary brain tumor and has a dismal median survival. Radiation is a mainstay of treatment and significantly improves survival, yet recurrence is nearly inevitable. Better understanding the radiation response of glioblastoma will help improve strategies to treat this devastating disease. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the in vivo radiation response of glioma cells in a mouse model of proneural glioblastoma. These tumors are a heterogeneous mix of cell types with differing radiation sensitivities. To explicitly study the gene expression changes comprising the radiation response of the Olig2+ tumor bulk cells, we used translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) from Olig2-TRAP transgenic mice. Comparing both ribosome-associated and total pools of mRNA isolated from Olig2+ cells indicated that the in vivo gene expression response to radiation occurs primarily at the total transcript level. Genes related to apoptosis and cell growth were significantly altered. p53 and E2F were implicated as major regulators of the radiation response, with p53 activity needed for the largest gene expression changes after radiation. Additionally, radiation induced a marked shift away from a proneural expression pattern toward a mesenchymal one. This shift occurs in Olig2+ cells within hours and in multiple genetic backgrounds. Targets for Stat3 and CEBPB, which have been suggested to be master regulators of a mesenchymal shift, were also up-regulated by radiation. These data provide a systematic description of the events following radiation and may be of use in identifying biological processes that promote glioma radioresistance.
Invariant Manifolds of Dynamical Systems and an application to Space Exploration

In this paper we go over the basics of stable and unstable manifolds associated to the fixed points of a dynamical system. We will start with an overview of stable and unstable sets in general, and then look at some simple examples from linear systems, mostly taken from Proctor (2010). To study some non-linear examples we will use (without proof) the stable manifold theorem and will conclude with an application of these concepts to space exploration following Cain (2003).
Induction of Synaptic Long-Term Potentiation After Opioid Withdrawal

Paradoxical Pain After Opioid Withdrawal Opioids are widely used both by pain patients and substance abusers. Withdrawal from opioids can be complicated by opioid-induced hyperalgesia, a paradoxical amplification of pain by opioids. Drdla et al. (p. 207) detected a novel cellular opioid action that may help to explain this paradoxical pain: the induction of synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) in pain pathways by opioids. In vitro and in vivo µ-opioid receptor agonist withdrawal induced robust LTP at synapses of nociceptive C fibers. This is in contrast to the presynaptic inhibition by opioids at these synapses. Because opioidergic LTP and acute synaptic depression are spatially and mechanistically distinct, it may be possible to treat opioid-induced hyperalgesia selectively without compromising opioid analgesia. Withdrawal from opioids in rats induces an increase in synaptic strength in pain pathways and thereby enhances pain sensitivity. μ-Opioid receptor (MOR) agonists represent the gold standard for the treatment of severe pain but may paradoxically also enhance pain sensitivity, that is, lead to opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). We show that abrupt withdrawal from MOR agonists induces long-term potentiation (LTP) at the first synapse in pain pathways. Induction of opioid withdrawal LTP requires postsynaptic activation of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide–binding proteins and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors and a rise of postsynaptic calcium concentrations. In contrast, the acute depression by opioids is induced presynaptically at these synapses. Withdrawal LTP can be prevented by tapered withdrawal and shares pharmacology and signal transduction pathways with OIH. These findings provide a previously unrecognized target to selectively combat pro-nociceptive effects of opioids without compromising opioid analgesia.