Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approximate Effects of Off-Center Acoustic Sondes and Elliptic Boreholes Upon Full Waveform Logs

Full waveform acoustic well logging has become instrumental to hydrocarbon exploration because of its ability to determine in situ velocity information for P and S waves as well as the attenuation (or absorption) of seismic energy. It is therefore important that the factors infiuencing these logs be understood. In addition to formation properities, Poisson's ratio, the borehole environment, and tool centering can affect the full waveform acoustic logs. These latter factors are evaluated through modeling of elliptic boreholes and de-centralized tools in the borehole. INTRODUCTION A number of factors affect the observed full waveform acoustic log amplitudes. Formation properities play an important role. In addition the borehole environment can cause variations. For example, borehole rugosity impedes the propagation of head waves (Morris et aI., 1964). In areas of' cavitation and washouts, critical refraction may be prevented, resulting in low amplitude waveforms. Lebreton et al. (1978) report a strong reduction in waveform amplitude proportional to an increase in mud cake thickness. Centering of the sonde and a cylindrical borehole are crucial to waveform amplitudes and arrival times. In most full waveform logging systems the tool is held centralized in the borehole by several bow type springs which press against the formation. In other systems, rubber "fingers" keep the tool centralized. The reliability of these methods in keeping the tool centralized in holes with a true circular cross section as well as in irregular holes has not been well documented. The actual amount of "rattle" that the tool experiences is not generally known. Morris estimates that moving the source one quarter of an inch (0.64 cm) off-center decreases the P wave amplitude by one half (Morris et al., 1964). This is a significant effect for such a small displacement. In experiments with a tool placed in a trough to simulate a cased borehole it was determined that moving the centralized source completely against the casing not only decreases the amplitude of the recorded waveform but also increases its complexity and reverses the apparent polarity of the first motion (Riddle, 1962). Studies by Forristall and Ingram (1969) show that an off-centered condition for a fiuid cylinder yields two types of refiected arrivals: one associated with the source waveform, and the other with its derivative.
Employing MPI Collectives for Timing Analysis on Embedded Multi-Cores

Static WCET analysis of parallel programs running on shared-memory multicores suffers from high pessimism. Instead, distributed memory platforms which communicate via messages may be one solution for manycore systems. Message Passing Interface (MPI) is a standard for communication on these platforms. We show how its concept of collective operations can be employed for timing analysis. The idea is that the worst-case execution time (WCET) of a parallel program may be estimated by adding the WCET estimates of sequential program parts to the WCET estimates of communication parts. Therefore, we first analyse the two MPI operations MPI_Allreduce and MPI_Sendrecv. Employing these results, we make a timing analysis of the conjugate gradient (CG) benchmark from the NAS parallel benchmark suite.
Analysis of the Mediterranean Precipitation Associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation ( NAO ) Index via

The state of the atmosphere is governed by the classical laws of fluid motion and exhibits a great deal of correlations in various spatial and temporal scales. The correlations are crucial to understand short and long-term variability in climate. The most significant correlations are recognized as teleconnection patterns. One of those connections is the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) which is associated with anomalous weather patterns in eastern United States, Western Europe and Mediterranean. Although, there is a consensus on physically relationship between the NAO index and precipitation series, the results of statistical analysis drawbacks such strong correlation. The gap between the physical and statistically approach might be filled by integrating through the time of the NAO index and precipitation. After transforming both of the NAO index and precipitation series, each of them behaves as the output of a low-order dynamical system. In this study, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method of Huang is employed to cut up the total NAO index data into different narrow-band frequency components, and then studying each of the components with a resolution harmonized to its scale of which are called Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) of the underlying physical dynamics having advantages over traditional Fourier analysis in analyzing physical situations, where the signal contains discontinuities and sharp spikes in a domain of non-linear and non-stationary space case. The EMD method is performed to extract oscillatory modes in the total NAO index in order to reduce the relationship between the each of the IMFs and large-scale precipitation comparing with the embedding method of non-linear dynamical systems approach. The results show that the total NAO index exhibits substantial organized and correlated structures with precipitation variability over the Mediterranean.
Building confederated web-based services with Priv.io

With the increasing popularity of Web-based services, users today have access to a broad range of free sites, including social networking, microblogging, and content sharing sites. In order to offer a service for free, service providers typically monetize user content, selling results to third parties such as advertisers. As a result, users have little control over their data or privacy. A number of alternative approaches to architecting today's Web-based services have been proposed, but they suffer from limitations such as relying the creation and installation of additional client-side software, providing insufficient reliability, or imposing an excessive monetary cost on users. In this paper, we present Priv.io, a new approach to building Web-based services that offers users greater control and privacy over their data. We leverage the fact that today, users can purchase storage, bandwidth, and messaging from cloud providers at fine granularity: In Priv.io, each user provides the resources necessary to support their use of the service using cloud providers such as Amazon Web Services. Users still access the service using a Web browser, all computation is done within users' browsers, and Priv.io provides rich and secure support for third-party applications. An implementation demonstrates that Priv.io works today with unmodified versions of common Web browsers on both desktop and mobile devices, is both practical and feasible, and is cheap enough for the vast majority users.
SUBSTITUTION: An efficient algorithm for probability skyline queries on discrete uncertain data

In the practical work, uncertain data are very important data type in a lot of applications. The ability to deal with uncertain data is becoming increasingly important for modern database applications. Meanwhile, there is an important analysis technique for certain data named skyline operator which finds the good solution in multidimensional environment. In this paper, the skyline query was introduced into the field of uncertain data, and the skyline queries for discrete uncertain data probability were in-depth studied. This paper researched the instance of discrete uncertain data object, and putted forward a new algorithm for inquires the p-skyline (the object set that object's skyline probability is greater than the threshold p). The algorithm determine whether the uncertain object in the p-skyline set through the way which divide a uncertain object's instance set into several smaller sets, at the same time, and analysis objects use the lower and upper probability bound of skyline. In the experiment section, an extensive experimental evaluation demonstrates both the effectiveness and the efficiency of our technique which choose a part of the real data for NBA player.
A Novel Folding Technique for 3 Bit Flash ADC in Nanoscale

In this paper we design and optimized the low power and high speed 3 bit flash Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) using 45 nm technology. For high speed application Resolution, speed and power are optimized for implemented ADC. High integrated flash ADC is designed at three bit precision with operating voltage in range of 700 mV to 1V. This paper also describe the reduction in size of flash ADC and increase bit size of ADC using folding technique. Interpolation factor of 4 is introduced to reduce the comparators and resisters for generation of reference voltage. Interpolation technique reduces input capacitance, delay and increase the bandwidth of input signal. Lower leakage of 17.76 pW and high speed with minimum delay of 14.25 μs is achieved using folding technique. A noise of 0.86 μ dB and maximum SNR of 59 dB is reported in present paper. Folding and interpolation ADC is best suited for ultra low application.
Asymptotic Behavior and Stability for Solutions of a Biochemical Reactor Distributed Parameter Model

This paper deals with the dynamical analysis of a tubular biochemical reactor. The existence of nonnegative state trajectories and the invariance of the set of all physically feasible state values under the dynamical equation as well as the convergence of the state trajectories to equilibrium profiles are proved. In addition, the existence of multiple equilibrium profiles is analyzed. It is proved that, under physically meaningful conditions, the system has two stable and one unstable equilibrium profiles.
Optimal Interest Margin, Deposit Insurance Premium and Bank Size

This paper models the effect of bank competition and deposit insurance premia on the spread between lending and deposit rates. Low spreads do not always indicate bank efficiency in developing economies, but may be the result of high risk-taking. The optimal intermediation spread is characterized as the outcome of a deposit game played among banks with different asset size. This paper shows that imposing an upper and a lower limit on banks' spreads, and adjusting the deposit insurance premia when violation of these limits occurs, leads to a more stable, but relatively large intermediation cost. In developing economies, such an outcome would be considered as more desirable since it insulates the existing financial intermediaries and the investors against macroeconomic disturbances.
Activity-dependent synaptic localization of processing bodies and their role in dendritic structural plasticity

Summary In neurons, transport of a subset of mRNAs to subcellular regions and their translation has a role in synaptic plasticity. Recent studies have suggested a control mechanism of this local translation through mRNA compartmentalization or degradation. Here we report that processing bodies (P-bodies), which are involved in mRNA degradation or storage, are transported to dendrites by conventional kinesin (KIF5A) as a motor protein. Neuronal activation induced by depolarization increased the colocalization of P-bodies with PSD-95 in dendrites. This neuronal activity increased the release of Nd1 and Arp2 mRNA from the P-bodies and, consequently, reversed the decrease of F-actin (induced by overexpression of Dcp1a) in the dendrites. Our data suggest that the activity-induced redistribution of P-bodies and mRNA release from P-bodies might have a role in synaptic structural plasticity by altering levels of mRNAs that are involved in the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton in dendrites.
Chemical enrichment in cosmological, smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations

We present an implementation of stellar evolution and chemical feedback for smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations. We consider the timed release of individual elements by both massive (Type II supernovae and stellar winds) and intermediate-mass stars (Type Ia supernovae and asymptotic giant branch stars). We illustrate the results of our method using a suite of cosmological simulations that include new prescriptions for radiative cooling, star formation and galactic winds. Radiative cooling is implemented element-by-element, in the presence of an ionizing radiation background, and we track all 11 elements that contribute significantly to the radiative cooling. While all simulations presented here use a single set of physical parameters, we take specific care to investigate the robustness of the predictions of chemodynamical simulations with respect to the ingredients, the methods and the numerical convergence. A comparison of nucleosynthetic yields taken from the literature indicates that relative abundance ratios may only be reliable at the factor of 2 level, even for a fixed initial mass function. Abundances relative to iron are even more uncertain because the rate of Type Ia supernovae is not well known. We contrast two reasonable definitions of the metallicity of a resolution element and find that while they agree for high metallicities, there are large differences at low metallicities. We argue that the discrepancy is indicative of the lack of metal mixing caused by the fact that metals are stuck to particles. We argue that since this is a (numerical) sampling problem, solving it by using a poorly constrained physical process such as diffusion could have undesired consequences. We demonstrate that the two metallicity definitions result in redshift z= 0 stellar masses that can differ by up to a factor of 2, because of the sensitivity of the cooling rates to the elemental abundances. Finally, we use several 5123 particle simulations to investigate the evolution of the distribution of heavy elements, which we find to be in reasonably good agreement with available observational constraints. We find that by z= 0 most of the metals are locked up in stars. The gaseous metals are distributed over a very wide range of gas densities and temperatures. The shock-heated warm–hot intergalactic medium has a relatively high metallicity of ∼10−1 Z⊙ that evolves only weakly, and is therefore an important reservoir of metals. Any census aiming to account for most of the metal mass will have to take a wide variety of objects and structures into account.
Experimental assessment of sparse channel estimations for passive-phase conjugation communications

This paper investigates sparse channel estimations to improve the performance of passive-phase conjugation (PPC) communications. PPC processing achieves pulse compression for time delayed arrivals at the receiver. This property is used for underwater communications with a reduced computational load. The channel estimation is required by PPC. In multipath channels, the sparse channel estimations can be used to improve the communication performance. The dominant arrivals are estimated by matching pursuit (MP) processing for PPC processing and the remained arrivals are treated as zeros. Using experimental data collected in a range dependent acoustic channel, MP processing is assessed in improving the performance of PPC communications.
Inferring Network Topologies in Infrastructure as a Service Cloud

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) clouds are gaining increasing popularity as a platform for distributed computations. The virtualization layers of those clouds offer new possibilities for rapid resource provisioning, but also hide aspects of the underlying IT infrastructure which have often been exploited in classic cluster environments. One of those hidden aspects is the network topology, i.e. the way the rented virtual machines are physically interconnected inside the cloud. We propose an approach to infer the network topology connecting a set of virtual machines in IaaS clouds and exploit it for data-intensive distributed applications. Our inference approach relies on delay-based end-to-end measurements and can be combined with traditional IP-level topology information, if available. We evaluate the inference accuracy using the popular hyper visors KVM as well as XEN and highlight possible performance gains for distributed applications.
Polyhedral classifier for target detection: a case study: colorectal cancer

In this study we introduce a novel algorithm for learning a polyhedron to describe the target class. The proposed approach takes advantage of the limited subclass information made available for the negative samples and jointly optimizes multiple hyperplane classifiers each of which is designed to classify positive samples from a subclass of the negative samples. The flat faces of the polyhedron provides robustness whereas multiple faces contributes to the flexibility required to deal with complex datasets. Apart from improving the prediction accuracy of the system, the proposed polyhedral classifier also provides run-time speedups as a by-product when executed in a cascaded framework in real-time. We evaluate the performance of the proposed technique on a real-world Colon dataset both in terms of prediction accuracy and online execution speed.
Variation in common preschool sleep problems as an early predictor for depression and anxiety symptom severity across time

BACKGROUND Child and adolescent psychopathology has been linked to increased sleep problems, but there has been less investigation of this relationship in younger samples with early-onset psychopathology. This study examined three specific but commonly observed aspects of sleep behaviors in young children - (i) Sleep onset latency, (ii) Refusal to sleep alone, and (iii) Nighttime awakenings - measured during preschool, and investigated whether these sleep problems predicted anxiety and/or depression across the next 6 years until school age (ages 9-13). METHODS Data were analyzed from N = 292 participants from a prospective longitudinal study of preschool-age children (ages 3-6). At baseline, parent-reported clinical interviews of psychiatric symptoms, as well as sleep problems were conducted using the Preschool-Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA). Follow-up clinical interviews were also conducted annually through school age using the Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (CAPA). RESULTS Parent-reported sleep onset latency and refusal to sleep alone were significant independent predictors of MDD and anxiety severity, but not ADHD severity across time, even after controlling for family income-to-needs ratio and maternal internalizing psychopathology. In exploratory analyses using only healthy preschoolers, parent-reported sleep onset latency and refusal to sleep alone also predicted anxiety severity. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that specific, yet relatively common sleep problems predict diagnostic severity of depression and anxiety across time, but not ADHD. Increased clinical attention to and screening for sleep onset latency and refusal to sleep alone during preschool may be warranted.
Smoothing and cleaning up slivers

A sliver is a tetrahedron whose four vertices lie close to a plane and whose perpendicular projection to that plane is a convex quadrilateral with no short edge. Slivers axe both undesirable and ubiquitous in 3-dimensional Delaunay triangulations. Even when the point-set is well-spaced, slivers may result. This paper shows that such a point set permits a small perturbation whose Delaunay triangulation contains no slivers. It also gives deterministic algorithms that compute the perturbation of n points in time O(n logn) with one processor and in time O(log n) with O(n) processors.
Corruption: A Corporate Perspective

This paper offers a framework within which the corporate corruption may be analyzed and a comprehensive road map to understand the role played by corporation on corruption. Despite corruption is a field with a long tradition and a common topic of many researches, disagreements persist about definitions, causes, consequences and policies. Divergences are specially wide in relations with the role played by corporations. This article realizes a literature review about relationship between corporation and corruption, showing causes of discrepancies and it explains and justifies the differences adding to classical explicative elements legality and efficiency, the alignment and the principal-agent problem.
Hemispheric differences in fi gurative language processing : Contributions of neuroimaging methods and challenges in reconciling current empirical fi ndings

The following review critically synthesizes the literature on hemispheric differences in idiom and metaphor comprehension. It has long been debated whether figurative language is inherently different from literal language and is processed specifically in the right hemisphere (RH), or rather, whether figurative and literal language form a continuum rather than a dichotomy, and call upon a similar network of brain areas. In this paper, a number of neuropsychological, behavioral and neuroimaging studies are reviewed in the context of major theoretical accounts of metaphor and idiom comprehension. Specifically, the role played by the RH in metaphor and idiom processing is evaluated, and advancements that neuroimaging methods have made to our understanding of figurative language comprehension are assessed. This review also highlights a number of critical methodological discrepancies between studies, and emphasizes how such inconsistencies in operational definitions, stimuli and tasks pose a serious challenge to reconciling the debate on hemispheric differences, and do not allow for a clear-cut conclusion of which neural networks underlie figurative language processing. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Women’s ways of leading: the environmental effect

Purpose This paper aims to present a model describing how women enact executive leadership, taking into account gendered organizational patterns that may constrain women to perform leadership in context-specific ways. Design/methodology/approach This paper discusses gendered organizations, role congruity theory and organizational culture and work context. These strands of theory are interwoven to construct a model describing ways in which executive-level women are constrained to self-monitor based on context. Findings The pressure on women to conform to an organization’s executive leadership culture is enormous. Executive women in strongly male-normed executive leadership contexts must exercise strong gendered self-constraint to break through the glass ceiling. Women in strongly male-normed contexts using lessened gendered self-constraint may encounter a glass cliff. Women in gender-diverse-normed contexts may still operate using strong gendered self-constraint due to internalized gender scripts. Only in gender-diverse-normed contexts with lessened gendered-self-restraint can executive women operate from their authentic selves. Practical implications Organizational leaders should examine their leadership culture to determine levels of pressure on women to act with gendered self-constraint and to work toward creating change. Women may use the model to make strategic choices regarding whether or how much to self-monitor based on their career aspirations and life goals. Originality/value Little has been written on male-normed and gender-diverse-normed contexts as a marker for how executive-level women perform leadership. This paper offers a model describing how different contexts constrain women to behave in specific, gendered ways.