Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Central role of carotid body chemoreceptors in disordered breathing and cardiorenal dysfunction in chronic heart failure

Oscillatory breathing (OB) patterns are observed in pre-term infants, patients with cardio-renal impairment, and in otherwise healthy humans exposed to high altitude. Enhanced carotid body (CB) chemoreflex sensitivity is common to all of these populations and is thought to contribute to these abnormal patterns by destabilizing the respiratory control system. OB patterns in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients are associated with greater levels of tonic and chemoreflex-evoked sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), which is associated with greater morbidity and poor prognosis. Enhanced chemoreflex drive may contribute to tonic elevations in SNA by strengthening the relationship between respiratory and sympathetic neural outflow. Elimination of CB afferents in experimental models of CHF has been shown to reduce OB, respiratory-sympathetic coupling, and renal SNA, and to improve autonomic balance in the heart. The CB chemoreceptors may play an important role in progression of CHF by contributing to respiratory instability and OB, which in turn further exacerbates tonic and chemoreflex-evoked increases in SNA to the heart and kidney.
Three-level direct torque control of salient pole synchronous motor

The mathematical model of salient pole synchronous motor has been given. The principle of three-level direct torque control of salient pole synchronous motor is analysed. The synthesis method principle of virtual synthesis phase has been given in detail. Some simulation waveforms which based on the virtual synthesis method of three-level direct torque control of salient pole synchronous motor have been given. The simulation results show that the program has some advantages, such as low torque ripple and fast response. So it has some actual value.
IPLB+-tree for Flash Memory Database Systems

Recently, the in-page logging (IPL) scheme has been proposed to improve the overall write performance of flash memory by avoiding costly erase operations that would be caused by small random write requests common in database applications. In this paper, we identify the problems inherent in the existing design of disk-based B-tree index, and present the design and implementation of the IPL B-tree. In this paper, in order to prove the concept of IPL to be a viable and effective solution for flash memory, we show the superior performance of the IPL B-tree index by running it on a real hardware prototype. We then show the IPL B-tree index outperforms traditional B-tree index running on top of an FTL by a factor of two to fifteen. In addition, we introduce the concept of FTL dependency: many existing B tree schemes for flash memory could not control FTL so that their performance might be heavily dependent on the underlying FTL. In contract, IPL does not suffer from such FTL dependency because it does not assume the underlying FTL.
Properties of a Singular Value Decomposition Based Dynamical Model of Gene Expression Data

Recently, data on multiple gene expression at sequential time points were analyzed using the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) as a means to capture dominant trends, called characteristic modes, followed by the fitting of a linear discrete-time dynamical system in which the expression values at a given time point are linear combinations of the values at a previous time point. We attempt to address several aspects of the method. To obtain the model, we formulate a nonlinear optimization problem and present how to solve it numerically using the standard MATLAB procedures. We use freely available data to test the approach. We discuss the possible consequences of data regularization, called sometimes “polishing”, on the outcome of the analysis, especially when the model is to be used for prediction purposes. Then, we investigate the sensitivity of the method to missing measurements and its abilities to reconstruct the missing data. Summarizing, we point out that approximation of multiple gene expression data preceded by SVD provides some insight into the dynamics, but may also lead to unexpected difficulties, like overfitting problems.
Social Misdirection Fails to Enhance a Magic Illusion

Visual, multisensory and cognitive illusions in magic performances provide new windows into the psychological and neural principles of perception, attention, and cognition. We investigated a magic effect consisting of a coin “vanish” (i.e., the perceptual disappearance of a coin after a simulated toss from hand to hand). Previous research has shown that magicians can use joint attention cues such as their own gaze direction to strengthen the observers’ perception of magic. Here we presented naïve observers with videos including real and simulated coin tosses to determine if joint attention might enhance the illusory perception of simulated coin tosses. The observers’ eye positions were measured, and their perceptual responses simultaneously recorded via button press. To control for the magician’s use of joint attention cues, we occluded his head in half of the trials. We found that subjects did not direct their gaze at the magician’s face at the time of the coin toss, whether the face was visible or occluded, and that the presence of the magician’s face did not enhance the illusion. Thus, our results show that joint attention is not necessary for the perception of this effect. We conclude that social misdirection is redundant and possibly detracting to this very robust sleight-of-hand illusion. We further determined that subjects required multiple trials to effectively distinguish real from simulated tosses; thus the illusion was resilient to repeated viewing.
Acquisition of tacit marketing knowledge: A role of human capital and social capital of entrepreneurs in China

Purpose – Focusing on entrepreneurship in China's emerging economy, this paper aims to explore the extent to which the human capital and social capital of Chinese entrepreneurs facilitates their acquisition of tacit marketing knowledge.Design/methodology/approach – Observation and literature review are presented.Findings – The paper proposes a conceptual framework that links tacit marketing knowledge and entrepreneurs' human and social capital. When accessibility of the general knowledge of expertise and professional business in a society is low, Chinese entrepreneurs in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) thus depend on their own resources of human capital and abilities of social capital to acquire tacit knowledge. Both specific and general human capitals facilitate Chinese entrepreneurs' acquisition of tacit marketing knowledge. With a strong awareness of the low level of institutional trust in the current transition economy, Chinese entrepreneurs develop the interpersonal trusting relationship to gain .
GTD-based 2D state-space method and its application to recover shape from range signals

This paper presents a GTD-based 2D state-space algorithm for recovering shape and motion from range based signals. The GTD-based 2D state-space algorithm estimates the range and the range rate simultaneously in one operation using eigen decomposition, thus effectively solving the aliasing problem of the range tracks when the ranges of different scattering centers are overlapped. Compared with Fourier algorithm, the new method is not limited to identifying scatters at range gates, so it could estimate range and rage rate exactly. Meanwhile, three modified invariant-based shape and motion reconstruction algorithms for range data taken form unknown viewpoints are presented in this paper, including a novel sequential factorization method. Experiments using synthetic data illustrate that the state-space could effectively satisfy the demand of reconstruction algorithms for exact range data.
GENETIC STUDIES OF THE AMISH, BACKGROUND AND POTENTIALITIES.

A description of the Amish ( I , 2). Because of their unusual socio-religious tenets and practices, the Old Order Amish are widely known. They eschew personal adornment and follow closely prescribed habits of dress. They resist technologic advances, specifically using the horse and carriage for transportation and using mainly horse-drawn agricultural equipment. Electricity and telephones are not permitted in the home. Most Amish are farmers. Private enterprise with mutual assistance characterizes the Amish economic system. Many Amish, especially in Lancaster County, Pa. , are prosperous and a few are fairly wealthy. Some Amish are trilingual, speaking English, German and “Dutch” (a German dialect of Palatine origin) and all are bilingual. Religious services, conducted in German and “Dutch,” are held in the several homes (or barns) in rotation. Amish religious beliefs are based on literal interpretations of the Bible. A strong system of sanctions, including excommunication and shunning (Meidung) , helps maintain the group. As Anabaptists, the Amish oppose infant baptism. Reception into church membership by baptism is practiced at an age of decision on the part of an individual, usually in the late teens. Footwashing, a symbol of humility and service, is a characteristic part of the Amish communion service held twice a year. No formally educated clergy exists. Bishops, preachers, and deacons, chosen from the laity, are responsible for religious aspects and, indeed, most aspects of community life. The Amish do not want their children educated beyond grade school. They also resist consolidated schools, not necessarily because of fear of corruption of their children through contacts with non-Amish but more because of the teaching of science, gymnasium activities including the wearing of uniforms, and modern facilities. One-room Amish parochial schools staffed by teachers with little formal training persist in many Amish areas of this country. Frequently the Amish get into trouble with the government over matters such as failure to satisfy the minimal require-
Hough transform algorithm for FPGA implementation

A novel algorithm for computing the Hough transform (HT) is introduced. The basic idea consists in using a combination of an incremental method with the usual HT expression to join circuit performance and accuracy requirements. The algorithm is primarily developed to fit field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) implementation that have become a competitive alternative for high performance digital signal processing applications. The induced architecture presents a high degree of regularity, making its VLSI implementation very straight forward. This implementation may be achieved by a generator program, assuring a shorter design cycle and a lower cost. For illustration, implementation results of an HT parameter extractor for 8-bit image pixels is given.
The global fault-tolerance of interconnection networks

In this paper, we introduce a new concept in fault-tolerance, namely the global fault-tolerance of interconnection networks. We pose the problem of characterizing the fault-tolerance of an interconnection network, modelled as an undirected unweighted graph, by a scalar, in a global manner. This can be achieved by defining an adequate metric. In this paper, we propose such a metric and we apply it on two comparative analysis: for three infinite families of minimum broadcast graphs (hypercubes, recursive circulants, and Knodel graphs), and for five families of hypercubic graphs (butterfly, wrapped butterfly, shuffle exchange, de Bruijn, and cube connected cycles)
Thermoacoustic Instability

Continuous combustion processes are prominently encountered in many applications related to power generation, heating and propulsion. Examples include domestic and industrial burners, steam and gas turbines, waste generators, and jet and ramjet engines. Continuous combustion processes exhibit a wide range of dynamics. Of these, conditions which promote coupling with the acoustic field and result in sustained, large amplitude oscillations remain as most challenging in the effort to develop ultra-low emission, lean premixed combustion to its full potential. Paradoxically, near stoichiometric burning in high-speed propulsion systems exhibits similar dynamics.
Comment on “An Update of Wallace’s Zoogeographic Regions of the World”

Holt et al. (Report, 4 January 2013, p. 74) propose substantial modifications of Wallace’s long-standing zoogeographic regions based on clustering of a pairwise similarity matrix of vertebrate assemblages. We worry about their compromised use of phylogenies and show that a fundamental point of their analysis—i.e., the delineation of new realms—is only weakly supported by their results and conceptually flawed.
SVR vs MLP for Phone Duration Modelling in HMM-based Speech Synthesis

In this paper we investigate external phone duration models (PDMs) for improving the quality of synthetic speech in hidden Markov model (HMM)-based speech synthesis. Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) were used for this task. SVR and MLP PDMs were compared with the explicit duration modelling of hidden semi-Markov models (HSMMs). Experiments done on an American English database showed the SVR outperforming the MLP and HSMM duration modelling on objective and subjective evaluation. In the objective test, SVR managed to outperform MLP and HSMM models achieving 15.3% and 25.09% relative improvement in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) respectively. Moreover, in the subjective evaluation test, on synthesized speech, the SVR model was preferred over the MLP and HSMM models, achieving a preference score of 35.93% and 56.30%, respectively.
A T ] 1 0 O ct 2 00 0 PERIODIC COMPLEXES AND GROUP ACTIONS

In this paper we show that the cohomology of a connected CW –complex is periodic if and only if it is the base space of an orientable spherical fibration with total space that is homotopically finite dimensional. As applications we characterize those discrete groups that act freely and properly on R n × S m ; we construct non–standard free actions of rank two simple groups on finite complexes Y ≃ S n × S m ; and we prove that a finite p–group P acts freely on such a complex if and only if it does not contain a subgroup isomorphic to (Z/p) 3 .
Well-possedness of the continuous Neighborhood filter and its reformulation through the decreasing rearrangement

We study the existence and uniqueness of solutions of a time-continuous version of the Neighborhood filter. In the line of previous works [12, 13, 14], we reformulate the usual pixel-based version of the filter introducing functional rearrangements, which are shown to be useful both for the filter analysis and for its fast implementation.
Cache-oblivious polygon indecomposability testing

We examine a cache-oblivious reformulation of the (iterative) polygon indecomposability test of [19]. We analyse the cache complexity of the iterative version of this test within the ideal-cache model and identify the bottlenecks affecting its memory performance. Our analysis reveals that the iterative algorithm does not address data locality and that memory accesses progress with arbitrarily sized jumps in the address space. We reformulate the iterative computations of [19] according to a DFS traversal of the computation tree and obtain, as a result, a cache-oblivious variant which exhibits asymptotically improved spatial and temporal locality over the original one. In particular, we show that the DFS variant ensures spatial locality, and describe quantitatively the asymptotic improvements in spatial and temporal locality. In an extension to this work appearing in [3], the DFS variant is implemented in relation to absolute irreducibility of bivariate polynomials over arbitrary fields, and tested against both the original version as given in [19] and the powerful computer algebra system MAGMA. The results demonstrate significantly improved performance for the DFS variant as indicated by L1 misses, L2 misses, and total execution time.
evelopment of an apparatus and methodology for conducting functional agnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) with pharmacological stimuli in conscious hesus monkeys

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique with significant potential to advance our understanding of multiple brain systems. However, when human subjects undergo fMRI studies they are typically conscious whereas pre-clinical fMRI studies typically utilize anesthesia, which complicates comparisons across studies. Therefore, we have developed an apparatus suitable for imaging conscious rhesus monkeys. In order to minimize subject stress and spatial motion, each subject was acclimated to the necessary procedures over several months. The effectiveness of this process was then evaluated, in fully trained subjects, by quantifying objective physiological measures. These physiological metrics were stable both within and across sessions and did not differ from when these same subjects were immobilized using standard primate handling procedures. Subject motion and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) fMRI measurements were then evaluated by scanning subjects under three different ortisol refrontal cortex nterior cingulate conditions: the absence of stimulation, presentation of a visual stimulus, or administration of intravenous (i.v.) cocaine (0.3 mg/kg). Spatial motion differed neither by condition nor along the three principal axes. In addition, maximum translational and rotational motion never exceeded one half of the voxel size (0.75 mm) or 1.5◦, respectively. Furthermore, the localization of changes in blood oxygenation closely matched those reported in previous studies using similar stimuli. These findings document the feasibility of fMRI data collection in conscious rhesus monkeys using these procedures and allow for the further study of the neural effects of psychoactive drugs.
Proanthocyanidins Extracted from Rhododendron pulchrum Leaves as Source of Tyrosinase Inhibitors: Structure, Activity, and Mechanism

The objective of this study was to assess the structure, anti-tyrosinase activity, and mechanism of proanthocyanidins extracted from Rhododendron pulchrum leaves. Results obtained from mass spectra of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) revealed that proanthocyanidins were complex mixtures of procyanidins, prodelphinidins, propelargonidins, and their derivatives, among which procyanidins were the main components. The anti-tyrosinase analysis results indicated that the mixtures were reversible and mixed competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase. Interactions between proanthocyanidins with substrate (L-tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) and with copper ions were the important molecular mechanisms for explaining their efficient inhibition. This research would provide scientific evidence for the use of R. pulchrum leaf proanthocyanidins as new novel tyrosinase inhibitors.
Cloud computing in mobile networks — Case MVNO

Cloud computing is one of the most widely used terms in IT today. Some experts regard cloud computing as hype, but others believe that clouds will have a longer future. Although web 2.0 companies have warmly welcomed clouds, mobile operators have taken a more cautious approach to this new phenomenon. However, new opportunities are opening up to operators, and a number of steps can be followed to take advantage of this development. First of all, the Open Telco concept underlines the power of open APIs that are important prerequisites for the clouds. Secondly, operators can start to utilize clouds in their own infrastructure. However, the operators that have most to gain from cloud computing are the Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNO), and this paper focuses on them in particular. The research methodology is based on an action research and data analysis. MVNO experts were interviewed twice according to the Delphi method. The main findings were verified with a proof of concept. Finally, the results are critically evaluated, the next research topics are proposed and conclusions are drawn.
A Query Suggestion Workflow for Life Science IR-Systems

Summary Information Retrieval (IR) plays a central role in the exploration and interpretation of integrated biological datasets that represent the heterogeneous ecosystem of life sciences. Here, keyword based query systems are popular user interfaces. In turn, to a large extend, the used query phrases determine the quality of the search result and the effort a scientist has to invest for query refinement. In this context, computer aided query expansion and suggestion is one of the most challenging tasks for life science information systems. Existing query front-ends support aspects like spelling correction, query refinement or query expansion. However, the majority of the front-ends only make limited use of enhanced IR algorithms to implement comprehensive and computer aided query refinement workflows. In this work, we present the design of a multi-stage query suggestion workflow and its implementation in the life science IR system LAILAPS. The presented workflow includes enhanced tokenisation, word breaking, spelling correction, query expansion and query suggestion ranking. A spelling correction benchmark with 5,401 queries and manually selected use cases for query expansion demonstrate the performance of the implemented workflow and its advantages compared with state-of-the-art systems.
Market-oriented reforms, cycles of destruction, creation of production capacity and building up of domestic technological capabilities

This article discusses some of the implications of the market-oriented reforms and the rapid pace of globalisation of the world economy in the 1990s for industrial technological capability building in Latin America. On the one hand, such changes have permitted much better macroeconomic management, allowing governments to curb inflation, and to deal with recurrent fiscal and balance of payments imbalances. These reforms and the process of globalization have also induced the inception of a modern sector of production which has managed to incorporate many new computer-based production organisation technologies and to attain rapid progress in the use of ICTs. New sectors of economic activity have emerged in the economy, many of which now lead in terms of international competitiveness.
Random walk simulations of fossil proxy data

A wealth of palaeoecological studies (e.g. pollen, diatoms, chironomids and macrofossils from deposits such as lakes or bogs) have revealed major as well as more subtle ecosystem changes over decadal to multimillennial timescales. Such ecosystem changes are usually assumed to have been forced by specific environmental changes. Here, we test if the observed changes in palaeoecological records may be reproduced by random simulations, and we find that simple procedures generate abrupt events, long-term trends, quasi-cyclic behaviour, extinctions and immigrations. Our results highlight the importance of replicated and multiproxy data for reliable reconstructions of past climate and environmental changes.
Derivation of Data-Driven Software Models from Business Process Representations

Business process modelling and management approaches are increasingly used and disclosed between organizations as a means to improve their products or services quality and to improve their productivity. If on one hand Business Processes Management and Modelling is becoming increasingly important to organizations, on the other hand, software development teams still have serious difficulties in defining the requirements for the software that supports the business processes which primarily have been based on lists of needs felt by users. As a result, we have software models and applications that are not aligned with business processes. Basing requirements elicitation in the Business Process Modelling would ensure the alignment between Business Processes and software models and applications. The main objective of this research is helping to close the gap between the business processes and the software that supports the business, deriving early software models from business process models1.