Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cooling and Denudation History of the Tsuruga Body of Kojaku Granite, Southwest Japan, Constrained from Multi-system Thermochronology

In this study, multi-system thermochronology, i.e., ﬁssion-track （ FT ） , K-Ar and U-Pb methods are used to identify the cooling and denudation history of the Tsuruga body of K ‾ ojaku granite, southwest Japan. Apatite FT age of 51.8 ± 6.5 Ma, zircon FT age of 70.4 ± 2.0 Ma, biotite K-Ar ages of 66.7 - 62.0 Ma, and zircon U-Pb age of 68.5 ± 0.7 Ma were obtained for granitic samples, whereas plagioclase K-Ar ages of 19.1 - 18.8 Ma and whole-rock K-Ar age of 19.0 ± 2.9 Ma were inferred for the basaltic dyke intruding into the granite. The zircon FT lengths are not signiﬁcantly shorter than their initial lengths, implying rapid cooling at the zircon FT partial annealing zone （ PAZ ） . On the other hand, the apatite FT length distribution shows a typical pattern for granitic pluton without reheating, indicating a slow cooling history at the apatite FT PAZ. Based on the results of these thermochronometric analyses, inverse thermal calculations using the FT data, and simple thermal conduction modeling of the granitic body, the cooling and denudation histories of the Tsuruga body are reconstructed: （ 1 ） the Tsuruga body intruded at ca . 68 Ma, late Cretaceous, at a depth of several kilometers, （ 2 ） rapidly cooled to below the zircon FT PAZ by heat conduction within a few million years or less, and （ 3 ） slowly cooled due to peneplanation during the past 50 – 60 million years. On the other hand, the whole-rock Rb-Sr age previously reported for the K ‾ ojaku body is younger than when the cooling curve of the Tsuruga body obtained by this study intersects with the closure temperature of the whole-rock Rb-Sr system. This may imply a time lag between the formation ages of these bodies, but more thermochronometric studies are required to draw a deﬁnitive conclusion. The K-Ar ages of the basaltic dyke are interpreted as 202 — — its formation age, indicating that dyke intrusion was associated with the Green Tuff movement.
Convective Couplings With Equatorial Rossby Waves and Equatorial Kelvin Waves: 3. Variations of Clouds and Their Radiative Effects

Utilizing spaceborne cloud radar and lidar (CloudSat/CALIPSO) observation products, we examine vertical distributions of clouds and quantify their radiative effects associated with equatorial Rossby and Kelvin waves. The most important result is that the radiative heating substantially increased the generation of the eddy available potential energy by 19% and 40%, in Rossby and Kelvin waves, respectively, adding to the convective latent heating. Composite analyses indicate a simultaneous development between deep‐convective anvil clouds and stratiform clouds of mesoscale convective systems in the Rossby waves, and a transition from low‐level clouds, anvil clouds to stratiform clouds in the Kelvin waves. These are consistent to precipitation characteristics provided by precipitation radar observation, and thus the apparent heat source can be estimated by combining convective heating and radiative heating.
Improving Bionic Limb Control through Reinforcement Learning in an Interactive Game Environment

Enhancing the accuracy and robustness of bionic limb controllers that decode motor intent is a pressing challenge in the field of prosthetics. State-of-the-art research has mostly focused on Supervised Learning techniques to tackle this problem. However, obtaining high-quality labeled data that accurately represents muscle activity during daily usage remains difficult. In this work, we investigate the potential of Reinforcement Learning to further improve the decoding of human motion intent by incorporating usage-based data. We propose a new method which starts with a control policy, pretrained on a static recording of electromyograhic (EMG) ground truth data. We then fine-tune the pretrained classifier with dynamic EMG data obtained during interaction with a game environment developed for this work. We evaluate our approach in real-time experiments, showing substantial improvements for human-in-the-loop performance. The method proves more effective in predicting simultaneous finger movements, doubling the decoding accuracy both during gameplay and in a separate motion test. See our project page for visual demonstrations sites.google. com/view/bionic-limb-rl.
Alterations of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids induced by Balantidium polyvacuolum in the hindgut of Xenocyprinae fishes providing new insights into the relationship among protozoa, gut microbiota and host

Introduction Parasitic ciliates are protozoans with a global distribution. Along with the gut microbiota, they have formed a micro-ecosystem that affects the host’s nutrition, metabolism, and immunity. The interactions and relationships among the three components of this microecosystem (protozoa, gut microbiota, and host) remain only partially understood. Xenocypris fish and the unique ciliate Balantidium polyvacuolum in its hindgut are good materials to study the interplay. Methods In this study, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) identification were used. Network was also constructed to understand their relationships. Results We found that the gut microbiota of B. polyvacuolum-infected X. davidi and X. argentea had higher diversity, richness, and evenness than uninfected ones. B. polyvacuolum could lead to an increase of Fusobacterium and Chloroflexi in both X. davidi and X. argentea, while significantly increase the abundance of genera Romboutsia and Clostridium in X. argentea. Besides, B. polyvacuolum could significantly increase the content of total SCFAs and acetic acid in X. davidi and increase the concentrations of propionic, isobutyric and butanoic acids in X. argentea. Furthermore, correlation analyses showed that B. polyvacuolum may alter SCFAs by affecting key SCFAs-producing bacteria such as Clostridium and Cetobacterium. Discussion This study greatly expands our understanding of relationships among B. polyvacuolum, gut microbiota and host Xenocypris fish, which sheds new insights into the mechanism of interaction among protozoa, gut microbiota and host.
A Novel Dual-Function Nitric Oxide Donor Therapy for Preeclampsia—A Proof-of-Principle Study in a Murine Model

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality for the mother and fetus. Reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and oxidative stress contribute to the maternal and fetal pathophysiology of PE. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a novel dual-function nitric oxide donor/redox modulator, AKT-1005, in reducing PE symptoms in a mouse model of PE. Method: The potential therapeutic effect of AKT-1005 was tested in an animal model of Ad.sFlt-1-induced hypertension, proteinuria and glomerular endotheliosis, a model of PE. Pregnant Ad.sFlt-1-overexpressing CD1 mice were randomized into groups administered AKT-1005 (20 mg/kg) or a vehicle using a minipump on gd11 of pregnancy, and the impact on blood pressure and renal and placental damage were assessed. Results: In healthy female mice, ex vivo treatment of resistance vessels with AKT-1005 induced vasorelaxation, and 6 days of treatment in vivo did not significantly alter blood pressure with or without pregnancy. When given for 6 days during pregnancy along with Ad.sFlt-1-induced PE, AKT-1005 significantly increased plasma nitrate levels and reduced hypertension, renal endotheliosis and plasma cystatin C. In the placenta, AKT-1005 improved placental function, with reduced oxidative stress and increased endothelial angiogenesis, as measured by CD31 staining. As such, AKT-1005 treatment attenuated the Ad.sFlt-1-induced increase in placental and free plasma soluble endoglin expression. Conclusions: These data suggest that AKT-1005 significantly attenuates the sFlt-1-induced PE phenotypes by inhibiting oxidative stress, the anti-angiogenic response, and increasing NO bioavailability. Additional research is warranted to investigate the role of AKT-1005 as a novel therapeutic agent for vascular disorders such as preeclampsia.
EFFECT OF GENDER ON SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT IN MAP WORK

This study is carried out to investigate the effects of gender on Secondary School Students' achievement in map work. One hundred and sixty-four subjects randomly drawn from SSII geography students in Ilesa East and West Local Government Council areas of Osun State, Nigeria, took part in the study. Four types of instruments (one stimulus and three testing instruments) were used to collect relevant data for the study. Data were subjected to both parametric and non-parametric analysis, using mean scores, standard deviation, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multiple classification analysis (MCA). Results showed significant-main effect of gender F(1,163) = 3.671; P˂0.05) in Declarative Knowledge Achievement Test (DKTAT). Gender is also found to have significant main effect in Procedural Knowledge Achievement Test (PKTAT) (F(1,163) = 3.937;P˂0.05). The result is however not significant in map reading and interpretation Achievement Test (MARIAT) (F(1,163) = 0.0566; P˃ 0.05). This implies that while the hypothesis is rejected for both post-test DKAT and PKAT means scores, it is not rejected for post-test MARIAT mean scores, it was therefore concluded that geography is not gender sensitive as we were made to believe over ages, i. e. gender has no effect on students' achievement in geography in general, and map work in particular where differences were found in favour of the female students. Suggestions were finally made on how to encourage the female students to show more interest in the study of geography in general.
The complete mitochondrial genome of a new geographical population of freshwater fish Macropodus hongkongensis (Freyhof & Herder, 2002)

Abstract Macropodus hongkongensis (Freyhof & Herder, 2002), is sparsely distributed in Hong Kong and Guangdong provinces. Recently, a new geographical population of M. hongkongensis was discovered in the Wanquan River in the Hainan province. Therefore, this study focused on sequencing the complete mitochondrial genome of the new geographical population of Macropodus hongkongensis from the Wanquan River. The circular mtDNA molecule was 16,492 bp in size, and the overall base compositions were A (30.30%), C (24.90%), T (29.80%), and G (15.00%), with a slight bias toward A + T. The complete mitogenome encoded 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a control region. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that M. hongkongensis of the Hainan Wanquan River was most closely related to the M. hongkongensis of the Gongdong population. These results provide useful genetic information for species identification and phylogenetic studies of Macropodus species.
Measuring sign complexity: Comparing a model-driven and an error-driven approach

The study of articulatory complexity has proven to yield useful insights into the phonological mechanisms of spoken languages. In sign languages, this type of knowledge is scarcely documented. The current study compares an error-driven measure and a model-driven measure of complexity for signs in French Sign Language (LSF). The former measure is based on error rates of handshape, location, orientation, movement
Delivering time-evolving 3D city models for web visualization

Studying and planning urban evolution is essential to understanding the past and designing the cities of the future and can be facilitated by providing means for sharing, visualizing, and navigating in cities, on the web, in space and in time. Standard formats, methods, and tools exist for visualizing large-scale 3D cities on the web. In this article, we go further by integrating the temporal dimension of cities to geospatial web delivery standard formats. In doing so, we enable interactive visualization of large-scale time-evolving 3D city models on the web. A key characteristic of this article lies in the proposed four-step generic approach. First, we design a generic conceptual model of standard formats for delivering 3D cities on the web. Then, we formalize and integrate the temporal dimension of cities to this generic conceptual model. After that, we specify the conceptual model into the 3D Tiles standard at logical and technical specification levels, resulting in an extension of 3D Tiles for delivering time-evolving 3D city models on the web. Finally, we propose an open-source implementation, experiments, and an evaluation of the propositions and visualization rules. We also give access to reproducibility notes allowing researchers to replicate all the experiments.
A Study on the Impact of Subjective Exercise Experience on the Psychological Capital of College Students

: College students face multiple pressures such as academic challenges, career development, and interpersonal relationships. Understanding and promoting the psychological capital of college students is of great significance in improving their mental health level, enhancing their sense of happiness, helping them achieve career success, and enhancing their socio-economic value. This study focuses on college students and analyzes the impact of subjective exercise experience on capital. There is no significant difference in the level of psychological capital among college students of different genders. Positive well-being has a positive impact on psychological capital and its four core psychological abilities (efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism); Negative psychological distress has no significant impact on psychological capital and its four core competencies; Fatigue is negatively correlated with psychological capital and its two core abilities of hope and optimism.
The influence of isolation on the dynamics of populations and communities

Title of Dissertation: THE INFLUENCE OF ISOLATION ON THE DYNAMICS OF POPULATIONS AND COMMUNITIES Justin Marco Calabrese, Doctor of Philosophy, 2005 Dissertation directed by: Dr. William F. Fagan Department of Biology Isolation is defined as the separation in time or space of individuals, populations, or of species within a community. Though isolation can be the result of many ecological processes, its role in affecting the structure and dynamics of populations and communities is not often acknowledged directly. For example, spatial heterogeneity is a frequently recognized as a significant ecological factor, but the effects of spatial heterogeneity are manifested through the isolation that heterogeneity imposes on the focal populations or communities. Isolation is an important, but hidden, component of many other ecological theories and frameworks as well. In this dissertation, I explore the role of isolation per se as an organizing theme in ecology by studying the effects of isolation in time and in space on both populations and communities. Chapter 1 explores how isolation in time among individuals in a population may affect the population’s dynamics and risk of extinction. Through a combination of modeling and meta-analysis, Chapter 1 demonstrates that reproductive asynchrony, a form of temporal isolation, can have profound negative effects at the population level in species that feature annual lifecycles. Chapter 2 reviews and synthesizes the literature on habitat connectivity, the inverse of spatial isolation, and lays out a novel framework for organizing and understanding the different metrics used to measure the connectivity. Chapter 3 examines the role of spatial isolation among species in an assemblage of Costa Rican bark beetles in mediating species interactions. The chapter uses a combination of modeling and field-collected observational data to test the hypothesis that isolation among species in this bark beetle assemblage results in a community that behaves neutrally. The studies presented in this dissertation represent a broad sweep of the ways in which the concept of isolation may be applied to better understand the dynamics of populations and communities. Individually, each chapter is an original contribution to the ecology literature. Taken together, these papers demonstrate the power of isolation as an organizing theme in ecology and will hopefully stimulate increased research effort and theoretical development around the concept of isolation. THE INFLUENCE OF ISOLATION ON THE DYNAMICS OF POPULATIONS AND COMMUNITIES
Safety assessment of the process Guangxi Wuzhou Guolong Recyclable, based on the Vacunite (EREMA basic and Polymetrix SSP V‐LeaN) technology, used to recycle post‐consumer PET into food contact materials

Abstract The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP) assessed the safety of the recycling process Guangxi Wuzhou Guolong Recyclable (EU register number RECYC310), which uses the VACUNITE (EREMA basic and Polymetrix SSP V‐leaN) technology. The input consists of hot caustic washed and dried poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) flakes, mainly originating from collected post‐consumer PET containers, with no more than 5% PET from non‐food consumer applications. The flakes are pre‐decontaminated in the ■■■■■ at ■■■■■ under ■■■■■ (step 2) before being extruded, pelletised and crystallised (step 3). The ■■■■■ pellets are then ■■■■■ (step 4) and submitted to solid‐state polycondensation (SSP) (step 5) at high temperature under ■■■■■ and ■■■■■. Having examined the challenge tests provided, the Panel concluded that step 2 as well as steps 4 and 5 are critical for determining the decontamination efficiency of the process. The operating parameters to control the performance are temperature, pressure and residence time for steps 2, 4 and 5 as well as the ■■■■■ for steps 4 and 5. It was demonstrated that this recycling process is able to ensure that the level of migration of potential unknown contaminants into food is below the conservatively modelled migration of 0.1 μg/kg food. Therefore, the Panel concluded that the recycled PET obtained from this process is not of safety concern, when used at up to 100% for the manufacture of materials and articles for contact with all types of foodstuffs, including drinking water, for long‐term storage at room temperature or below, with or without hotfill. Articles made of this recycled PET are not intended to be used in microwave and conventional ovens and such uses are not covered by this evaluation.
Small ScaleTurbulence Observed Simultaneously by Radiosondes and the MU Radar

A Japanese-French field campaign devoted to study small-scale turbulence and instabilities in the lower atmosphere was conducted in September 2011 for three weeks at Shigaraki MU observatory (34.85N, 136.15E; Japan). The VHF MU radar was operated in range imaging mode [e.g. 1] for turbulence observations at high temporal ( 25 s) and high range (typically 30 m) resolutions. In addition, 59 balloons instrumented with RS92G Vaisala radiosondes were succesfully launched during the campaign when the radar was operated. Reference [2] showed that turbulence can be detected from raw vertical profiles of temperature measured from standard radiosoundings through the detection of overturns using the so-called Thorpe analysis [3]. In the present work, we shall present some comparison results between radiosonde and MU radar data.
Viral strain-dependent impact of plant developmental stages on the nestedness and modularity of plant-virus interaction matrices

This study examines the specificity of adaptation of lineages of turnip mosaic virus that were experimentally evolved from naïve and preadapted strains to Arabidopsis thaliana plants at various plant developmental stages. We conducted a cross-infection experiment involving three plant developmental stages and assessed the progression of disease and symptoms. We found a significative interaction between the host developmental stage where the virus evolved and the host developmental stage in which the virus was tested. The analysis of the resulting interaction matrices revealed significant nestedness for viruses evolved from the naïve strain, but not for those originating from the preadapted one. Furthermore, there was an absence of modularity across all matrices. Our findings suggest that the past adaptation history of the ancestral strain influences its future evolution, and each plant developmental stage imposes unique selective constraints. The study highlights the complexity of host-parasite interactions and the potential influence of the host's developmental stage on viral adaptation.
OmicsSuite: a customized and pipelined suite for analysis and visualization of multi-omics big data

Abstract With the advancements in high-throughput sequencing technologies such as Illumina, PacBio, and 10X Genomics platforms, and gas/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, large volumes of biological data in multiple formats can now be obtained through multi-omics analysis. Bioinformatics is constantly evolving and seeking breakthroughs to solve multi-omics problems; however, it is challenging for most experimental biologists to analyse data using command-line interfaces, coding, and scripting. Based on experience with multi-omics, we have developed OmicsSuite, a desktop suite that comprehensively integrates statistics and multi-omics analysis and visualization. The suite has 175 sub-applications in 12 categories, including Sequence, Statistics, Algorithm, Genomics, Transcriptomics, Enrichment, Proteomics, Metabolomics, Clinical, Microorganism, Single Cell, and Table Operation. We created the user interface with Sequence View, Table View, and intelligent components based on JavaFX and the popular Shiny framework. The multi-omics analysis functions were developed based on BioJava and 300+ packages provided by the R CRAN and Bioconductor communities, and it encompasses over 3000 adjustable parameter interfaces. OmicsSuite can directly read multi-omics raw data in FastA, FastQ, Mutation Annotation Format, mzML, Matrix, and HDF5 formats, and the programs emphasize data transfer directions and pipeline analysis functions. OmicsSuite can produce pre-publication images and tables, allowing users to focus on biological aspects. OmicsSuite offers multi-omics step-by-step workflows that can be easily applied to horticultural plant breeding and molecular mechanism studies in plants. It enables researchers to freely explore the molecular information contained in multi-omics big data (Source: https://github.com/OmicsSuite/, Website: https://omicssuite.github.io, v1.3.9).
DIVERSITY PATTERNS OF NOTOSUCHIA (CROCODYLIFORMES, MESOEUCROCODYLIA) DURING THE CRETACEOUS OF GONDWANA

Notosuchia is a diverse clade of Crocodyliformes that achieved a remarkable diversity during the Cretaceous. This group is particu- larly abundant in continental deposits of Gondwana throughout the Cretaceous, especially in South America. Notosuchia was first recognized as a distinct group by the early work of Gasparini in the 1970’s and in the last decades numerous discoveries and studies have increased the geographical, temporal and taxonomical scope of this clade. Here we analyze the patterns of diversity of Notosuchia during the Creta- ceous, considering their taxic and phylogenetic diversity, as well as implementing sampling corrections aiming to account for the uneven fossil record of different stages of the Cretaceous. We identify two subsequent pulses of diversification in the late Early Cretaceous and the middle Late Cretaceous, followed by two separate extinction events that occurred during the latest Cretaceous (Campanian/Maastricht- ian). We discuss the contribution of the South American, African, and Malagasy fossil records to the diversity curves, which indicates the African fossil record dominates the first pulse of diversification and the South American fossil record exclusively compose the second pulse of diver- sification. Finally, we analyze the patterns of diversity shown by the different subclades of Notosuchia throughout the Cretaceous, which reveal markedly different evolutionary dynamics of four major groups of notosuchian crocodyliforms.