Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Phase Transition in Latent Networks for Clustering

In this paper, we model the pair-wise similarities of a setof documents as a weighted network with a single cutoffparameter. Such a network can be thought of an ensemble of unweighted graphs, each consisting of edges withweights greater than the cutoff value. We look at this network ensemble as a complex system with a temperature parameter, and refer to it as a Latent Network. Ourexperiments on a number of datasets from two different domains show that certain properties of latent networks like clustering coefﬁcient, average shortest path,and connected components exhibit patterns that are signiﬁcantly divergent from randomized networks. We explain that these patterns reﬂect the network phase transition as well as the existence of a community structure in document collections. Using numerical analysis,we show that we can use the aforementioned networkproperties to predicts the clustering Normalized MutualInformation (NMI) with high correlation (rho > 0.9). Finally we show that our clustering method signiﬁcantlyoutperforms other baseline methods (NMI > 0.5)
Attributional Inference Across Cultures: Similar Automatic Attributions and Different Controlled Corrections

Five studies examined the automatic and controlled components of attributional inference in U.S. and East Asian (EA) samples. Studies 1 through 3 used variations of the “anxious woman” paradigm, manipulating the inferential goal (dispositional or situational) and the normative impact of situational constraint information (discounting or augmenting). In each study, U.S. and EA participants under cognitive load produced strong automatic attributions to the focus of their inferential goal (dispositional or situational). Compared with the U.S. cognitive load participants, U.S. no load participants corrected their attributions according to the normative rules of inference. In contrast, EA no load participants corrected in the direction of situational causality, even when the specific content of the situational information provided should have promoted stronger dispositional inferences. Studies 4 and 5 examined and ruled out alternative accounts. Results are discussed in terms of a situational causality heuristic present in EA individuals.
Early renal insufficiency and late venous thromboembolism after renal transplantation in the United States.

BACKGROUND Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the most common preventable cause of death in hospitalized patients. Patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be at increased risk for PE in comparison to the general population. Whether severe CKD is associated with increased risk for late venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a population of renal transplant recipients has not been determined. METHODS Using the US Renal Data System database, we studied 28,924 patients receiving a kidney transplant from January 1, 1996, to July 31, 2000, with Medicare as primary payer, followed up until December 31, 2000. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate the association of transplant recipient estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula) less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (versus >30 mL/min/1.73 m2) 1 year after renal transplantation with Medicare claims for VTE (either deep-venous thrombosis or PE/infarction) 1.5 to 3 years after renal transplantation. RESULTS The rate of VTE occurring 1.5 to 3 years after transplantation was 2.9 episodes/1,000 person-years. eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 versus higher at the end of the first year after renal transplantation was associated with significantly increased risk for later VTE (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 3.89). CONCLUSION Patients with severe CKD after renal transplantation should be regarded as high risk for late VTE, which is a potentially preventable cause of death in this population.
Attribution Therapy: Effects of Locus of Control and Timing of Treatment.

The reduction of debilitating self-blame following negative events through theuse of attribution therapy was investigated. After receiving harsh personalcriticism from a peer, participants were given information that suggested thisnegative event was caused by an external factor. Results indicated that theeffectiveness of attribution therapy depended on when the intervention oc-curred and the locus of control orientation of the participant. In general, ex-ternals' ratings of self-evaluation were not influenced by the intervention, butinternals evidenced greater self-acceptance when the intervention occurredprior to the negative evaluation or was postponed. It was concluded that at-tribution therapy is most effective when the attributional information is madesalient to the individual.
A framework for program development based on schematic proof

Often, calculi for manipulating and reasoning about programs can be recast as calculi for synthesizing programs. The difference involves often only a slight shift of perspective: admitting metavariables into proofs. We propose that such calculi should be implemented in logical frameworks that support this kind of proof construction and that such an implementation can unify program verification and synthesis. The proposal is illustrated with a worked example developed in L.C. Paulson's (1990) Isabelle system. We also give examples of existent calculi that are closely related to the methodology we are proposing and others that can be profitably recast using the approach. <<ETX>>
Mucopolysaccharidosis I: Management and Treatment Guidelines

OBJECTIVE. Disease management for mucopolysaccharidosis type I has been inconsistent because of disease rarity (∼1 case per 100000 live births), phenotypic heterogeneity, and limited therapeutic options. The availability of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the recent introduction of enzyme replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis I necessitate the establishment of system-specific management guidelines for this condition. METHODS. Twelve international experts on mucopolysaccharidosis I met in January 2003 to draft management and treatment guidelines for mucopolysaccharidosis I. Initial guidelines were revised and updated in 2008, on the basis of additional clinical data and therapeutic advances. Recommendations are based on our extensive clinical experience and a review of the literature. RESULTS.All patients with mucopolysaccharidosis I should receive a comprehensive baseline evaluation, including neurologic, ophthalmologic, auditory, cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal assessments, and should be monitored every 6 to 12 months with individualized specialty assessments, to monitor disease progression and effects of intervention. Patients are best treated by a multidisciplinary team. Treatments consist of palliative/supportive care, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and enzyme replacement therapy. The patient's age (>2 years or ≤2 years), predicted phenotype, and developmental quotient help define the risk/benefit profile for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (higher risk but can preserve central nervous system function) versus enzyme replacement therapy (low risk but cannot cross the blood-brain barrier). CONCLUSION. We anticipate that provision of a standard of care for the treatment of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis I will optimize clinical outcomes and patients' quality of life.
Morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide and morphine-3-glucuronide pharmacokinetics in newborn infants receiving diamorphine infusions.

1. The pharmacokinetics of morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) and morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) were studied in 19 ventilated newborn infants (24-41 weeks gestation) who were given a loading dose of 50 micrograms kg-1 or 200 micrograms kg-1 of diamorphine followed by an intravenous infusion of 15 micrograms kg-1 h-1 of diamorphine. Plasma concentrations of morphine, M3G and M6G were measured during the accrual to steady-state and at steady state of the diamorphine infusion. 2. Following both the 50 micrograms kg-1 or 200 micrograms kg-1 loading doses the mean steady-state plasma concentration (+/- s.d.) of morphine, M3G and M6G were 86 +/- 52 ng ml-1, 703 +/- 400 ng ml-1 and 48 +/- 28 ng ml-1 respectively and morphine clearance was found to be 4.6 +/- 3.2 ml min-1 kg-1. 3. M3G formation clearance was estimated to be 2.5 +/- 1.8 ml min-1 kg-1, and the formation clearance of M6G was estimated to be 0.46 +/- 0.32 ml min-1 kg-1. 4. M3G metabolite clearance was 0.46 +/- 0.60 ml min-1 kg-1, the elimination half-life was 11.1 +/- 11.3 h and the volume of distribution was 0.55 +/- 1.13 l kg-1. M6G metabolite clearance was 0.71 +/- 0.36 ml min-1 kg-1, the elimination half-life was 18.2 +/- 13.6 h and the volume of distribution was 1.03 +/- 0.88 l kg-1. 5. No significant effect of the loading dose (50 micrograms kg-1 or 200 micrograms kg-1) on the plasma morphine or metabolite concentrations or their derived pharmacokinetic parameters was found. 6. We were unable to identify correlations between gestational age of the infants and any of the determined pharmacokinetic parameters. 7. M3G: morphine and M6G: morphine steady-state plasma concentration ratios were 11.0 +/- 10.8 and 0.8 +/- 0.8, respectively. 8. The metabolism of morphine in neonates, in terms of the respective contributions of each glucuronide pathway, was similar to that in adults.
The stormy search for the self : understanding and living with spiritual emergency

At this time many people are undergoing a profound personal transformation associated with spiritual opening. Under favourable circumstances this results in emotional healing, a radical shift in values and an awareness of the mystical dimension of experience. For some, these changes are gradual and relatively smooth, but for others, they can be so rapid and dramatic that they interfere with effective everyday functioning. Unfortunatley, many health professionals do not recognize the positive potential of these crises, but see them as manifestations of mental disease and treat them with suppressive medication. In this work, the authors draw on personal and professional experience with transformative states to explore "spiritual emergence", its complications and the changes in fortune it can bring. This book is for people whose lives are touched by spiritual emergence; for those who have experienced such a crises, for their families and friends and for mental health professionals.
Diffuse Hard X-Ray Sources Discovered with the ASCA Galactic Plane Survey

We found diffuse hard X-ray sources G11.0+0.0, G25.5+0.0, and G26.6-0.1 in the ASCA Galactic plane survey data. The X-ray spectra are featureless with no emission line and are fitted with both models of a thin thermal plasma in nonequilibrium ionization and a power-law function. The source distances are estimated to be 1-8 kpc, using the best-fit NH values under the assumption that the mean density in the line of sight is 1 H cm-3. The source sizes and luminosities are then 4.5-27 pc and (0.8-23) × 1033 ergs s-1. Although the source sizes are typical for supernova remnants (SNR) with young-to-intermediate ages, the X-ray luminosity, plasma temperature, and weak emission lines in the spectra are all unusual. This suggests that these objects are either shell-like SNRs dominated by X-ray synchrotron emission, like SN 1006 or, alternatively, plerionic SNRs. The total number of these classes of SNRs in our Galaxy is also estimated.
Osteochondral Lesions of the Ankle

Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) have been recognized by surgeons since 1738 when Alexander Munro described loose bodies in the ankle joint, proposing trauma as the underlying cause. OLTs remain a difficult and perplexing condition to treat, with presenting signs and symptoms that can be vague and nonspecific. As technology has improved over the years, more options have become available to treating physicians to aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of these osteochondral injuries. The purpose of this review is to present up-to-date information to assist in the diagnosis of OLTs and to discuss evidence-based treatment options for chronic OLTs.
The Artificial Pancreas

The discovery of insulin was lifesaving. However, it converted type 1 diabetes, which had been an acute and lethal disease, into a chronic disease, with its attendant complications. It had long been considered—and was clearly demonstrated in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (1)—that microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy (as well as micro- and macrovascular legacy effects) were improved with intensive glucose control—that is, when circulating glucose levels were closer to those seen in the nondiabetic state. This entailed increased involvement on the part of a person with diabetes in their management: glucose monitoring, frequent insulin injections, or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). It also increased the risk of hypoglycemia. The mitigation of this trade-off, as well as controlling “brittle” diabetes, improving the quality of life of the person with diabetes, and the availability of the necessary technology, has motivated the evolution of self-managed intensive control into automated control. Indeed, the artificial pancreas has been a major goal of research in type 1 diabetes since exogenous insulin became available. Articles on the automated control of glycemia in the absence of endogenous insulin (2,3) were published on (almost) the 50th anniversary of the discovery of insulin. This early version of the artificial pancreas depended on very frequent, automated measurements of blood glucose and an intravenous delivery of insulin. It was also bulky. Nevertheless, over the short term, it could maintain near normoglycemia. Initial versions operated using versions of a proportional (P) controller (4):! [Graphic][1] where uP is the insulin infusion rate, g(t) the blood glucose concentration, gtarget the target concentration, and K 1 the proportionality constant. Subsequent versions incorporated derivative (D) control:! [Graphic][2] Essentially, this allows improved projections of glucose values into the future and thus better control of these future values. Albisser et al. … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
APPLICATION OF SIMULATION-BASED TRAFFIC CONFLICT ANALYSIS FOR HIGHWAY SAFETY EVALUATION

Highway safety evaluation is one of the critical processes for identifying transportation system performance. The capabilities of common used safety assessing methodologies such as naïve before-after comparisons, safety audit, and statistical modelling, etc, are limited due to historical data availability, observation periods, or observer’ experience, and so on. Other than these traditional methods, it has been recognized that the development of traffic conflict techniques in conjugate with micro-simulation model could also offer a potentially innovative way for conducting safety assessment of traffic systems even before safety countermeasures are actually implemented. So in this paper, the application of this new method on highway safety analysis is further investigated. In the meanwhile, most of recent developed safety indicators are reviewed. Inspired by these potential safety indicators in support of traffic conflict analysis, a new time-based indicator is proposed. And the procedure describing the imputation procedure is presented. As an extension of previous study, the new indicator is tested under two different highway models to further highlight its performance. Other than the capability of capturing real crashes’ temporal distribution feature showed in previous study, the comparative results also successfully identified the spatial distribution feature of real crash; especially highlight the most dangerous locations. Thus it is suggested that the new indicator has the capability to be applied for simulation-based safety analysis.
Oblimersen for the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Among adults in Western countries, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent form of leukemia. CLL primarily affects the elderly and may be associated with multiple comorbidities. A cure has not been identified, and new treatment options are needed. Expression of Bcl-2 protein is associated with the pathogenesis of CLL and chemotherapy resistance. Oblimersen, a Bcl-2 antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide, is being evaluated in patients with CLL and other cancers; trials through Phase III have been completed. In the setting of relapsed/refractory CLL, single-agent oblimersen demonstrates modest activity, whereas the addition of oblimersen to fludarabine/cyclophosphamide significantly improves the rate of complete and nodular partial responses; moreover, these responses are durable and associated with clinical benefit. Oblimersen is more efficacious in relapsed rather than refractory patients. The side effect profile of oblimersen, alone or in combination with standard chemotherapy, is favorable compared with currently available chemotherapies. In the first cycle, an infusion reaction with or without tumor lysis syndrome is uncommon, and transient thrombocytopenia is observed. Catheter-related complications are associated with the need for continuous intravenous infusion of oblimersen over several days; other routes of administration are under clinical investigation. Oblimersen is a promising therapeutic approach for patients with relapsed CLL and should be further evaluated in the front-line setting.
The status of Rhoptrobothrium Shipley et Hornell, 1906 (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea), with redescription of the type species, R. myliobatidis, and description of three new species from two species of Aetomylaeus (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from Malaysian Borneo.

As part of a metazoan parasite survey of elasmobranchs from Malaysian Borneo, specimens of Rhoptrobothrium Shipley et Hornell, 1906 were collected from the eagle rays Aetomylaeus maculatus (Gray) and Aetomylaeus niehofii (Bloch et Schneider). The type species is redescribed from its type host, and a neotype specimen is designated. In addition, three new species of Rhoptrobothrium are described: R. chongi sp. n. , R. gambangi sp. n. and R. limae sp. n. Rhoptrobothrium myliobatidis conspicuously differs from the three new species in its lack of a secondary areola; R. limae is distinguished from R. chongi and R. gambangi based on its greater total length; R. chongi possesses conspicuously stalked remi, while R. gambangi possesses short remi, often folded anteriorly. Rhoptrobothrium is somewhat unusual among tetraphyllideans in its possession of a "metascolex," a character it shares with other taxa in the Thysanocephalinae (i.e., Myzocephalus Shipley et Hornell, 1906, Myzophyllobothrium Shipley et Hornell, 1906 and Thysanocephalum Linton, 1889). The morphology of the "metascolex" of Rhoptrobothrium is investigated and new terminology is suggested to standardise the names given to structures constituting a metascolex. As a result, Rhoptrobothrium is considered to possess cephalic peduncle extensions, termed remi. In Rhoptrobothrium, each remus bears, at its distal end, a primary areola, and, in the case of the three new species, also a secondary areola proximal to the primary areola. Myzocephalus and Myzophyllobothrium are tentatively considered to possess remi; the configuration of the "metascolex" of Thysanocephalum, however, is not considered homologous to the condition in the other three genera currently placed in the Thysanocephalinae.
Application of Ad-hoc sensor networks for localization in underground mines

Underground mining is a hazardous industrial activity. The harsh physical environment and distinct topology that make mining dangerous act as a hindrance or constraint to the very techniques and technologies that could improve safety and productivity. Workers safety is of paramount importance and is certainly a moral obligation for any business! Wireless sensor networks monitoring is an application that is very crucial for the safety of mine workers. These sensors can monitor vital life signs of workers which may be very useful during emergency situations. Localization and tracking of moving objects is an essential capacity for a sensor network in many applications. This paper studies the problem of localization in underground mines using ad-hoc sensor networks. We use the DV-hop algorithm to estimate the distance between a mobile node and a fixed anchor and we apply the bounding box technique to estimate the location
Improvement in Quality of Life After Catheter Ablation for Paroxysmal Versus Long‐standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: A Prospective Study With 3‐Year Follow‐up

Background Changes in quality of life (QoL) after catheter ablation for long‐standing persistent atrial fibrillation (LSPAF) are not well described. We sought to compare QoL improvement after catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) versus that after LSPAF. Methods and Results A total of 261 PAF and 126 LSPAF ablation recipients were prospectively followed for arrhythmia recurrence, QoL, hospital stay, and sick leave. In PAF versus LSPAF groups, 1.3±0.6 versus 1.6±0.7 procedures were performed per patient (P<0.00001) during a 3‐year follow‐up. Good arrhythmia control was achieved in 86% versus 87% of patients (P=0.69) and in 69% versus 69% of patients not receiving antiarrhythmic drugs (P=0.99). The baseline QoL was better in the PAF than in the LSPAF group (European Quality of Life Group instrument self‐report questionnaire visual analog scale: 66.4±14.2 versus 61.0±14.2, P=0.0005; European Quality of Life Group 3‐level, 5‐dimensional descriptive system: 71.4±9.2 versus 67.7±13.8, P=0.002). Postablation 3‐year increase in QoL was significant in both groups (all P<0.00001) and significantly lower in PAF versus LSPAF patients (visual analog scale: +5.0±14.5 versus +10.2±12.8, P=0.001; descriptive system: +5.9±14.3 versus +9.3±13.9, P=0.03). In multivariate analysis, LSPAF, less advanced age, shorter history of AF and good arrhythmia control were consistently associated with postablation 3‐year improvement in QoL. Days of hospital stay for cardiovascular reasons and days on sick leave per patient/year were significantly reduced in both groups. Conclusions Patients with LSPAF had worse baseline QoL. The magnitude of QoL improvement after ablation of LSPAF was significantly greater compared with after ablation of PAF, particularly when good arrhythmia control was achieved without the use of antiarrhythmic drugs.
RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND TECHNIQUES

Abstract : Contents: Job analysis problems and procedures; Invention and refinement of aptitude test forms; Problems in determining an adequate criterion; Determining the validity of single tests; Obtaining composite aptitude scores; Problems associated with reliability and reliability determination; Problems in correlation analysis; Sources and control of error in test scores; Training experiments.