Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Altered expression of cell proliferation-related and interferon-stimulated genes in colon cancer cells resistant to SN38

Irinotecan is a topoisomerase I inhibitor widely used as an anticancer agent in the treatment of metastatic colon cancer. However, its efficacy is often limited by the development of resistance. We have isolated a colon carcinoma cell line, HCT116-SN6, which displays a 6-fold higher resistance to SN38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. In this paper, we studied the molecular mechanisms that cause resistance to SN38 in the HCT116-SN6 cell line. First, we analyzed proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, topoisomerase I expression and activity in SN38-resistant (HCT116-SN6) and sensitive (HCT116-s cells). We showed that the SN38-induced apoptosis and the SN38-activated cell cycle checkpoints leading to G2/M cell cycle arrest were similar in both cell lines. Topoisomerase I expression and catalytic activity were also unchanged. Then, we compared mRNA expression profiles in the two cell lines using the Affymetrix Human Genome GeneChip® arrays U133A and B. Microarray analysis showed that among the genes, which were differentially expressed in HCT116-s and HCT116-SN6 cells, 27% were related to cell proliferation suggesting that proliferation might be the main target in the development of resistance to SN38. This result correlates with the phenotypic observation of a reduced growth rate in HCT116-SN6 resistant cells. Furthermore, 29% of the over-expressed genes were Interferon Stimulated Genes and we demonstrate that their over-expression is, at least partially, due to endogenous activation of the p38 MAP kinase pathway in SN38 resistant cells. In conclusion, a slower cell proliferation rate may be a major cause of acquired resistance to SN38 via a reduction of cell cycle progression through the S phase which is mandatory for the cytotoxic action of SN38. This lower growth rate could be due to the endogenous activation of p38.
Predicting complex multi-species phase structure for ionic conduction in nanopores

Using a statistical linear response theory, we present a complex phase structure describing ionic conduction through a nanopore as a function of pore structure. This picture sheds light on the permeation mechanism, and selectivity between ions of alike and differing charge; and is calculated explicitly from first principles via the statistical properties including particle number fluctuations. We therefore expect the theory to be applicable to the functionalisation and design of highly selective nanopores.
The stable 4-genus of knots

The stable 4-genus of a knot K in 3-space is the limiting value of g_4(nK)/n, where g_4 denotes the 4-genus and n goes to infinity. This induces a seminorm on CQ, the concordance group tensored with the rational numbers. Basic properties of the stable genus are developed, as are examples focused on understanding the unit ball under this seminorm for specified subspaces of CQ. Subspaces spanned by torus knots are used to illustrate the distinction between the smooth and topological categories. A final example is given in which Casson-Gordon invariants are used to demonstrate that the stable genus can be a noninteger, something that cannot be detected by classical invariants or those arising from Heegaard-Floer or Khovanov homology. It is unknown if the stable genus determines a norm on CQ and no noninteger value for the stable genus is known.
Nf-kappa B: an important transcription factor in photobiology.

Increased gene expression as a consequence of environmental stress is typically observed in mammalian cells. In the past few years the cis- and trans-acting genetic elements responsible for gene induction by radiation (from UV-C to visible light) started to be well characterized. The molecular mechanisms involved in the cell response to radiation reveal that an important control occurs at the transcriptional level and is coordinated by various transcription factors. Among these transcription factors, the well-known Rel/NF-kappa B family of vertebrate transcription factors plays a pivotal role as it controls both the inflammatory and immune responses. The NF-kappa B family comprises a number of structurally related, interacting proteins that bind DNA as dimers and whose activity is regulated by subcellular location. This family includes many members (p50, p52, RelA, RelB, c-Rel, .), most of which can form DNA-binding homo- or heterodimers. Nuclear expression and consequent biological action of the eukaryotic NF-kappa B transcription factor complex are tightly regulated through its cytoplasmic retention by ankyrin-rich inhibitory proteins known as I kappa B. In the best-characterized example, I kappa B-alpha interacts with a p50/RelA (NF-kappa B) heterodimer to retain the complex in the cytoplasm and inhibit its DNA-binding activity. Upon receiving a variety of signals, many of which are probably mediated by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), I kappa B-alpha undergoes phosphorylation, is then ubiquitinated at nearby lysine residues and finally degraded by the proteasome, while still complexed with NF- kappa B. Removal of I kappa B-alpha uncovers the nuclear localization signals on subunits of NF-kappa B, allowing the complex to enter the nucleus, bind to DNA and affect gene expression. In this paper, we shall show that molecular mechanisms leading to NF-kappa B activation by UV or by photosensitization are initiated by oxidative damage at the membrane level or by the induction of DNA alterations. While the exact nature of the transduction intermediates is still unknown, we shall show that NF-kappa B activation by radiation follows different pathways from those used by pro-inflammatory cytokines.
On-chip Micro-meander-antennas for silicon LSI wireless interconnects

Transmission characteristics of meander antennas, which were fabricated on a silicon substrate, were investigated for wireless signal transmission. Meander antennas with different pitch length, number of turns, and antenna width were fabricated. The effects of length, pitch, width and the number of turns in the radiation efficiency and transmission characteristics were characterized.
Dosiahnutie vysokej dostupnosti v D-Boboxe

ci softverovej chyby, alebo v˝padku spojenia medzi uzlami. V˝padky su problematicke, pretoue ich nasledkom dochadza k naruoeniu v˝poˇ ctu ‐ strate ˇ casti medziv˝sledkov a strate stavu havarovaneho uzlu. To je vo vaˇ pripadov neak
Dense Time Stack Change Detection Analysis of Cropland Phenology Using Images from Unmanned Aerial Systems

Introduction The United States of America is the leading exporter of agricultural goods in the world and accounts for 50 percent of global corn and soybean exports. In order to meet this demand the U.S. has increased production and become first in the world for corn production and third in wheat production (Simpson, 2012). With the population of the world increasing and higher demand for food, the need for large-scale agricultural production is growing exponentially. In the 1980s, the majority of farms had less than 600 crop acres; today the average farm has 1,100 acres and there are many farms with 5 to 10 times as much cropland compared to the 1980s (MacDonald, 2013). As the spatial extent of these farms grows, it becomes harder to manage the health of the crops although monitoring the plants is crucial. Inspections are conducted to ensure that not only are the crops grown in a healthy manner but also to make sure that the farmer is producing the greatest possible yield for the amount of land they own. In doing this, it also helps farmers to understand the overall health of their crops and in turn can change or even reduce the amount of pesticides used to control or eradicate insects and diseases which harm the crops. While conducting an inspection of croplands seems obvious, many farmers are wary of conducting them because, on average, these manual inspections cost $40,000 to $50,000 per year.
Cutting Edge: TNF-α Mediates Sensitization to ATP and Silica via the NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Absence of Microbial Stimulation1

The Nlrp3 inflammasome is critical for the activation of caspase-1 in response to danger signals and particulate matter. However, its role in sterile inflammation remains unclear because prestimulation of phagocytic cells with microbial molecules is required for caspase-1 activation. We show here that exposure of macrophages and dendritic cells to TNF-α promotes ATP- or silica-mediated caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion in the absence of microbial stimulation. The effect of TNF-α was abolished in macrophages deficient in TNF receptor I and II, Nlrp3, or ASC, whereas that induced by TLR ligands required MyD88/Trif. In addition to TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-1β promoted caspase-1 activation via Nlrp3 in response to ATP. Remarkably, macrophages tolerized to TNF-α, but not to LPS, retained full sensitivity to ATP stimulation via Nlrp3. These results provide a mechanism by which danger signals and particulate matter mediate inflammation via the Nlrp3 inflammasome in the absence of microbial infection.
Mid- and late-Holocene shoreline changes along the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland

In response to glacio-isostatic rebound in Estonia, a relative sea level fall occurred during the midand late-Holocene, and as a result, lowland regions in northern Estonia have experienced an evolution from sea to land. The midand late-Holocene shoreline changes along the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland were reconstructed, using litho-, bioand chronostratigraphical proxies from four lakes. The lakes are located within the Gulf of Finland drainage system at different altitudes between 18 and 4 m above the present sea level. The isolation from the sea and the onset of freshwater lacustrine sedimentation occurred in Tänavjärv basin at 5400 cal yr BP, in Klooga basin at 4200 cal yr BP, in Lohja basin at 2200 cal yr BP and in Käsmu basin at 1800 cal yr BP. Through the application of GIS-based analysis, a modern digital terrain model and reconstructed past water level surfaces, we present a series of scenarios of shoreline and palaeogeography changes occurring since 7800 cal yr BP. The land uplift rate, which was approximately 2.8 mm yr-1 7800 cal yr BP in the surroundings of Tänavjärv, has decreased to 2.2 mm yr-1 at present and that at Lohja from 2.4 to ca 2.0 mm yr-1, respectively. The relative sea level curves show a land uplift decrease, which is nearly linear since the mid-Holocene.
The Biology of Bornavirus

Three important phases in studying the basic biology of the neurotropic Borna disease virus (BDV) are, first, clinical expression in animals, second, mechanisms in infected tissue cultures, and third, the molecular biology of BDV. Our groups (as members of the ICTV) have made considerable contributions to all of these –including coining the virus family name: Bornaviridae (8), based on the German city of Borna.
International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research

: This paper analyzed different haze removal methods. Haze causes trouble to many computer graphics/vision applications as it reduces the visibility of the scene. Air light and attenuation are two basic phenomena of haze. air light enhances the whiteness in scene and on the other hand attenuation reduces the contrast. the colour and contrast of the scene is recovered by haze removal techniques. many applications like object detection , surveillance, consumer electronics etc. apply haze removal techniques. this paper widely focuses on the methods of effectively eliminating haze from digital images. it also indicates the demerits of current techniques.
OXPath-Based Data Acquisition for dblp

We demonstrate how the contemporary problems of data acquisition for dblp can be tackled with OXPath. It enables web data extraction and wrapper maintenance for heterogeneous data sources on a simple declarative level. Its features render it a feasible instrument to retrieve the varying and changing web representations of the prototypical substructures in the bibliographic domain.
Is glaucoma associated with motor vehicle collision involvement and driving avoidance?

PURPOSE To evaluate the association between the diagnosis of glaucoma and motor vehicle collision (MVC) involvement and driving avoidance in drivers aged > or =50 years. METHODS Two groups of patients, one with glaucoma and one without, were identified in three university-affiliated eye care practices. Demographic, clinical, and driving characteristics were obtained by chart abstractions and a patient survey. Information regarding MVC involvement was obtained from police records. RESULTS Patients with glaucoma were less likely (relative risk [RR], 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47-0.97) to be involved in collisions than patients without glaucoma. There was no difference between the at-fault crash rates of the patients with glaucoma and those without (RR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.67-2.22). Patients with glaucoma had significantly higher levels of avoidance for driving at night (odds ratio [OR], 2.06; 95% CI, 1.11-3.82), driving in fog (OR, 3.80; 95% CI, 1.93-7.48), driving in the rain (OR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.32-6.76), driving during rush hour (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.16-4.34), driving on the highway (OR, 2.81; 95% CI, 1.19-6.64), and high density driving (OR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.28-6.46). These associations were adjusted for demographic and medical characteristics as well as visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS Older persons with glaucoma drive at least as safely as, if not more safely than, older persons without glaucoma.
MicroRNA–Directed siRNA Biogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

RNA interference (RNAi) is a post-transcriptional silencing process, triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), leading to the destabilization of homologous mRNAs. A distinction has been made between endogenous RNAi–related pathways and the exogenous RNAi pathway, the latter being essential for the experimental use of RNAi. Previous studies have shown that, in Caenorhabditis elegans, a complex containing the enzymes Dicer and the Argonaute RDE-1 process dsRNA. Dicer is responsible for cleaving dsRNA into short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) while RDE-1 acts as the siRNA acceptor. RDE-1 then guides a multi-protein complex to homologous targets to trigger mRNA destabilization. However, endogenous role(s) for RDE-1, if any, have remained unexplored. We here show that RDE-1 functions as a scavenger protein, taking up small RNA molecules from many different sources, including the microRNA (miRNA) pathway. This is in striking contrast to Argonaute proteins functioning directly in the miRNA pathway, ALG-1 and ALG-2: these proteins exclusively bind miRNAs. While playing no significant role in the biogenesis of the main pool of miRNAs, RDE-1 binds endogenous miRNAs and triggers RdRP activity on at least one perfectly matching, endogenous miRNA target. The resulting secondary siRNAs are taken up by a set of Argonaute proteins known to act as siRNA acceptors in exogenous RNAi, resulting in strong mRNA destabilization. Our results show that RDE-1 in an endogenous setting is actively screening the transcriptome using many different small RNAs, including miRNAs, as a guide, with implications for the evolution of transcripts with a potential to be recognized by Dicer.
Dynamic Spectrum Assignment Techniques based on Power Awareness for 6G Wireless Systems

In this article, dynamic spectrum assignment techniques based on power awareness are proposed which aim to achieve high spectrum utilization by allocating experimental licensed 95 GHz Tera-Hertz spectrum to primary mobile service providers (p-MSPs) of India. The proposed techniques (i) consider cognitive radio enabled spectrum assignment (SA) methods viz., interweave SA (IW-SA) and underlay SA (UL-SA) individually, and the combined IW-UL-SA, (ii) evaluate the optimal spectrum amount needed by every p-MSP, and (iii) use p-MSPs to control the small-cells (SCs) transmission power in buildings/homes of every MSP in India. Results show that (i) the proposed methods outperform the static spectrum assignment (SSA) method, (ii) IW-UL-SA outperforms IW-SA and UL-SA irrespective of the considered performance metric, and (iii) the proposed techniques meet the spectrum-efficiency and energy-efficiency needs of the 6G wireless systems since compared to SSA, IW-UL-SA, IW-SA, and UL-SA use approximately 16.66%, 33.33%, and 33.33% lesser number of buildings/homes of the SCs, respectively.
BLOOD—ITS DERIVATIVES AND ITS PROBLEMS—FACTOR VIII

Unfortunately, all of the problems of the hemophiliac have not been solved by the availability of concentrated factor VIII products. Patients still are faced with the crippling effects of arthritis, problems with employment, problems with ignorance (both medical and lay), and an increased risk of premature death even in a sophisticated, treatment-oriented, community (Table 3). It can only be hoped that we can solve the problems of hepatitis transmission, availability, and economics so that concentrated forms of factor VIII can be made available to all patients with hemophilia. It seems appropriate to suggest that our severely affected patients should be placed on some prophylactic programs, since this would ease most of the long-term psychologic and physical disabilities common to this disease.
Age as a Determinant for Dissemination of Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza: An Open Cohort Study of Influenza Outbreaks in Östergötland County, Sweden

An understanding of the occurrence and comparative timing of influenza infections in different age groups is important for developing community response and disease control measures. This study uses data from a Scandinavian county (population 427.000) to investigate whether age was a determinant for being diagnosed with influenza 2005–2010 and to examine if age was associated with case timing during outbreaks. Aggregated demographic data were collected from Statistics Sweden, while influenza case data were collected from a county-wide electronic health record system. A logistic regression analysis was used to explore whether case risk was associated with age and outbreak. An analysis of variance was used to explore whether day for diagnosis was also associated to age and outbreak. The clinical case data were validated against case data from microbiological laboratories during one control year. The proportion of cases from the age groups 10–19 (p<0.001) and 20–29 years old (p<0.01) were found to be larger during the A pH1N1 outbreak in 2009 than during the seasonal outbreaks. An interaction between age and outbreak was observed (p<0.001) indicating a difference in age effects between circulating virus types; this interaction persisted for seasonal outbreaks only (p<0.001). The outbreaks also differed regarding when the age groups received their diagnosis (p<0.001). A post-hoc analysis showed a tendency for the young age groups, in particular the group 10–19 year olds, led outbreaks with influenza type A H1 circulating, while A H3N2 outbreaks displayed little variations in timing. The validation analysis showed a strong correlation (r = 0.625;p<0.001) between the recorded numbers of clinically and microbiologically defined influenza cases. Our findings demonstrate the complexity of age effects underlying the emergence of local influenza outbreaks. Disentangling these effects on the causal pathways will require an integrated information infrastructure for data collection and repeated studies of well-defined communities.
Symmetry in a free boundary problem

We consider a variational formulation of a Bernoulli-type free boundary problem for the Laplacian operator with discontinuous boundary data. We show the existence of a weak solution to the problem. Moreover, we show that the solution has symmetry properties inherited by symmetric data. These results are achieved through the use of comparison arguments, the celebrated method of moving planes, and several elaborated techniques from existing literature.
Transmit Power Control Using Probabilistic Target for DS-CDMA Packet Mobile Radio

Abstract A new transmit power control (TPC) is proposed that changes TPC target randomly in order to obtain the capture effect for DS-CDMA packet mobile radio. The uplink capacity of a DS-CDMA packet mobile radio system with proposed random TPC in a frequency selective fading channel is evaluated by computer simulation. The simulation results show that random TPC provides larger link capacity than with slow TPC irrespective of the number of propagation paths.
A novel hardware architecture design for binary arithmetic decoder engines based on bitstream flow analysis

This paper presents the design and implementation of a dedicated hardware architecture for binary arithmetic decoder (BAD) engines of CABAD, as defined in the H.264/AVC video compression standard. The BAD is the most important CABAD process, which is the main entropy encoding method defined by the H.264/AVC standard. The BAD is composed by tree engines: Regular, Bypass and Terminate. A large set of software experiments was made to profile each engine. Based on bitstream flow analysis a new dedicated hardware architecture was proposed to improve the hardware efficiency of BAD engines. The proposed solution was described in VHDL and synthesized to a Xilinx Virtex2-Pro FPGA. The results show that the developed architecture reaches 103 MHz, and delivers up to 4 bins per cycle in bypass engines, against 2 bins per cycle as exposed in the literature.
Enhancing Sentiment Analysis Accuracy in IMDb Movie Reviews with Deep Learning Models: A Comparative Study of RNN and CNN Models

Sentiment analysis, a key problem in NLP, has enormous relevance in interpreting human emotions and viewpoints from textual data. With a strong emphasis on the transformative function of hyperparameter tuning, we set out on an exhaustive exploration of deep learning models designed for sentiment analysis in this study. Our study covers a range of model designs, from the basic LSTM Model to the complex LSTM + CNN Model with Hyperparameter Tuning. We demonstrate the critical role of hyperparameter optimization on model performance, particularly in improving prediction accuracy, by rigorous experimentation. Among the models examined, the perfectly tuned LSTM and CNN Model stands out as the model with the highest level of accuracy, highlighting the importance of hyperparameter tuning. Readers can gain a thorough grasp of model performances through a thorough accuracy table and a visually appealing Bar Chart for accuracy comparison. As textual data continues to proliferate in the world of digital media, our research shines as a beacon of empirical successes, illuminating the crucial role that hyperparameter tweaking plays in obtaining superior sentiment analysis outcomes. These results not only advance the science of sentiment analysis but also provide insightful information for practical uses where comprehending human emotion is crucial.
NF-M is an essential target for the myelin-directed “outside-in” signaling cascade that mediates radial axonal growth

Neurofilaments are essential for acquisition of normal axonal calibers. Several lines of evidence have suggested that neurofilament-dependent structuring of axoplasm arises through an “outside-in” signaling cascade originating from myelinating cells. Implicated as targets in this cascade are the highly phosphorylated KSP domains of neurofilament subunits NF-H and NF-M. These are nearly stoichiometrically phosphorylated in myelinated internodes where radial axonal growth takes place, but not in the smaller, unmyelinated nodes. Gene replacement has now been used to produce mice expressing normal levels of the three neurofilament subunits, but which are deleted in the known phosphorylation sites within either NF-M or within both NF-M and NF-H. This has revealed that the tail domain of NF-M, with seven KSP motifs, is an essential target for the myelination-dependent outside-in signaling cascade that determines axonal caliber and conduction velocity of motor axons.