Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OCC model-based emotion extraction from online reviews

Extracting emotions from online reviews is crucial to many security-related applications as well as applications in other domains. Traditional approaches to emotion extraction have mainly focused on mining the polarities of opinions or using annotated data to extract emotion types. Emotion theories, which identify the underlying cognitive structure and emotional dimensions that are key to generate emotions, have almost been totally ignored in previous work. To facilitate the automatic extraction of emotions from textual data, in this paper, we propose an emotion model based approach to emotion extraction from online reviews. Informed by the widely used OCC emotion model, we employ a statistical method to extract emotion words with their dimension values from texts, and implement OCC model to obtain emotions based on the emotion-dimension dictionary. We conduct an empirical study using security-related news reviews. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Endogenous microRNA clusters outperform chimeric sequence clusters in Chinese hamster ovary cells

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (∼22 nucleotides) which regulate gene expression by silencing mRNA translation. MiRNAs are transcribed as long primary transcripts, which are enzymatically processed by Drosha/Dgcr8, in the nucleus, and by Dicer in the cytoplasm, into mature miRNAs. The importance of miRNAs for coordinated gene expression is commonly accepted. Consequentially, there is a growing interest in the application of miRNAs to improve phenotypes of mammalian cell factories such as Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Few studies have reported the targeted over-expression of miRNAs in CHO cells using vector-based systems. These approaches were hampered by limited sequence availability, and required the design of “chimeric” miRNA genes, consisting of the mature CHO miRNA sequence encompassed by murine flanking and loop sequences. Here we show that the substitution of chimeric sequences with CHO-specific sequences for expression of miRNA clusters yields significantly higher expression levels of the mature miRNA in the case of miR–221/222 and miR–15b/16. Our data suggest that the Drosha/Dgcr8-mediated excision from primary transcripts is reduced for chimeric miRNA sequences compared to the endogenous sequence. Overall, this study provides important guidelines for the targeted over-expression of clustered miRNAs in CHO cells. See accompanying commentary by Baik and Lee DOI: 10.1002/biot.201300503
Synemin is expressed in reactive astrocytes in neurotrauma and interacts differentially with vimentin and GFAP intermediate filament networks

Immature astrocytes and astrocytoma cells contain synemin and three other intermediate filament (IF) proteins: glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), vimentin and nestin. Here, we show that, after neurotrauma, reactive astrocytes produce synemin and thus propose synemin as a new marker of reactive astrocytes. Comparison of synemin mRNA and protein levels in brain tissues and astrocyte cultures from wild-type, Vim-/- and Gfap-/-Vim-/- mice showed that in the absence of vimentin, synemin protein was undetectable although synemin mRNA was present at wild-type levels. By contrast, in Gfap-/- astrocytes, synemin protein and mRNA levels, as well as synemin incorporation into vimentin IFs, were unaltered. Biochemical assays with purified proteins suggested that synemin interacts with GFAP IFs like an IF-associated protein rather than like a polymerization partner, whereas the opposite was true for synemin interaction with vimentin. In transfection experiments, synemin did not incorporate into normal, filamentous GFAP networks, but integrated into vimentin and GFAP heteropolymeric networks. Thus, alongside GFAP, vimentin and nestin, reactive astrocytes contain synemin, whose accumulation is suppressed post-transcriptionally in the absence of a polymerization partner. In astrocytes, this partner is vimentin and not GFAP, which implies a functional difference between these two type III IF proteins.
Inhibition of Kinesin Synthesis In Vivo Inhibits the Rapid Transport of Representative Proteins for Three Transport Vesicle Classes into the Axon

Abstract: We have previously demonstrated that the in vivo vitreal injection of an antisense oligonucleotide directed to the kinesin heavy chain inhibits retinal kinesin synthesis by 82% and concomitantly inhibits rapid transport of total protein into the optic nerve by 70%. These results establish a major role for kinesin in rapid axonal transport in vivo. Recently, the cloning of a family of kinesin‐like molecules from the mammalian brain has been reported, and some of these proteins are also expressed in neurons. To assign a specific function to the kinesin heavy chain we inhibited the kinesin synthesis with an antisense kinesin oligonucleotide and assessed the axonal transport into the optic nerve of representative proteins from each of three vesicle classes that contain rapidly transported proteins. Marker proteins used were substance P for peptide‐containing synaptic vesicles, the amyloid precursor protein for plasma membrane precursor vesicles, and several integral synaptic vesicle proteins. Our results indicate that the major anterograde motor protein for all three vesicle classes utilizes kinesin heavy chain, although we discuss alternative explanations.
Correlates of lifetime alcohol misuse among older community residents in Brazil

ABSTRACT Background: Little is known about the sociodemographic correlates and health effects associated with lifetime alcohol misuse in community dwelling elderly people in Brazil. Method: Data were obtained from a representative sample of 6961 residents aged 60+ in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The structured interview included a five-item lifetime alcohol use questionnaire addressing abuse and dependence, and questions regarding sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and social support, and health conditions. Results: In the interview, 10.6% respondents (25.3% men, 2.9% women) endorsed at least one lifetime alcohol misuse question. Controlled analyses comparing a gradient of alcohol misuse (none, one or more than one item endorsed), found that men, people aged 60–69 (compared to older persons) and tobacco users were more likely to endorse alcohol misuse items. Persons reporting lower income and who were of non-white race/ethnicity did not differ from their comparison groups with respect to endorsing one item, but they were more likely to endorse two or more items. Endorsing more than one item was associated with impaired activities of daily living, the presence of respiratory problems and psychiatric disorders, but was protective against vascular conditions. Conclusions: Major lifetime alcohol misuse (defined as endorsing more than one of five items reflecting alcohol abuse or dependence) is more common in certain sociodemographic groups (men, younger elderly, lower income, non-whites). With the exception of vascular conditions, it is associated with smoking, poorer functional status, respiratory problems, and psychiatric disorder. Endorsing only one item has a reduced association, significant only for male gender, smoking, and psychiatric disorder.
Bmc Medical Genomics Worldwide Population Differentiation at Disease-associated Snps

Background: Recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies have provided compelling evidence of association between genetic variants and common complex diseases. These studies have made use of cases and controls almost exclusively from populations of European ancestry and little is known about the frequency of risk alleles in other populations. The present study addresses the transferability of disease associations across human populations by examining levels of population differentiation at disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
The complexity of regular expressions and property paths in SPARQL

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recently introduced property paths in SPARQL 1.1, a query language for RDF data. Property paths allow SPARQL queries to evaluate regular expressions over graph-structured data. However, they differ from standard regular expressions in several notable aspects. For example, they have a limited form of negation, they have numerical occurrence indicators as syntactic sugar, and their semantics on graphs is defined in a nonstandard manner. We formalize the W3C semantics of property paths and investigate various query evaluation problems on graphs. More specifically, let x and y be two nodes in an edge-labeled graph and r be an expression. We study the complexities of: (1) deciding whether there exists a path from x to y that matches r and (2) counting how many paths from x to y match r. Our main results show that, compared to an alternative semantics of regular expressions on graphs, the complexity of (1) and (2) under W3C semantics is significantly higher. Whereas the alternative semantics remains in polynomial time for large fragments of expressions, the W3C semantics makes problems (1) and (2) intractable almost immediately. As a side-result, we prove that the membership problem for regular expressions with numerical occurrence indicators and negation is in polynomial time.
How can mariculture better help feed humanity?

Citation: Olsen Y (2015) How can mariculture better help feed humanity? Front. Mar. Sci. 2:46. The primary production of the marine and the terrestrial domains are similar, ∼49 and 56 Gt C year −1 , respectively (Field et al., 1998), and the marine primary production must likely be more readily available for grazing animals because it is primarily in the form of unicellular phytoplankton. We harvest the ocean quite efficiently, perhaps beyond its sustainable yields (Marra, 2005), and it is therefore surprising that only some 2% of human food are from aquatic systems, including marine and freshwater aquaculture and fisheries (Figure 1A, faostat3.fao.org and fao.org/fishery/statistics/en). This number is valid for total weight based food production. For animal meat and for animal products totally (milk and egg included), the aquatic food acquisition is more important, contributing 34 and 12%, respectively, of the total production in terrestrial and aquatic systems (Figures 1A–C). The combined production of global aquaculture in the sea and in freshwater is currently similar to that harvested from the sea (Figure 1B). As much as 96% of the plant production is from marine aquaculture, or mariculture, whereas 44% of the total fish production is cultured. Fish is totally dominant in freshwater aquaculture (>99%). The production of seaweed has increased most rapidly over the last two decades (Olsen, 2011, fao.org/fishery/statistics/en) and the production is presently similar to the sum of mollusks, crustacean and fish (Figure 1C). The production of mollusk has also increased rapidly while crustaceans and fish that need to be fed have increased slower over many decades. There is already a relatively severe limitation in the availability of feed resources of marine origin needed for fish and crustaceans, because almost all species maintained in intensive production are provided with some marine resources in their feed (Tacon and Metian, 2008). Agricultural plant products have gradually been included in feed for fish and shrimps over the last two decades, now representing a substantial type of resources in the feed for these carnivores (Olsen, 2011). It is an ultimate challenge and question if agriculture can supply the food needed by the increasing global human population in the 21st Century, reaching 9.5 (8.3–10.9) billion by 2050 (UN, 2012a), a population showing a steadily increasing buying power. Among the main concerns is supply of freshwater (Oki and Kanae, 2006; Duarte et al., 2009), availability of phosphate as fertilizers (Cordell and White, 2014), new …
Sudden Cardiac Arrest During Sports Activity in Middle Age

Background— Sports-associated sudden cardiac arrests (SCAs) occur mostly during middle age. We sought to determine the burden, characteristics, and outcomes of SCA during sports among middle-aged residents of a large US community. Methods and Results— Patients with SCA who were 35 to 65 years of age were identified in a large, prospective, population-based study (2002–2013), with systematic and comprehensive assessment of their lifetime medical history. Of the 1247 SCA cases, 63 (5%) occurred during sports activities at a mean age of 51.1±8.8 years, yielding an incidence of 21.7 (95% confidence interval, 8.1–35.4) per 1 million per year. The incidence varied significantly by sex, with a higher incidence among men (relative risk, 18.68; 95% confidence interval, 2.50–139.56) for sports SCAs compared with all other SCAs (relative risk 2.58; 95% confidence interval, 2.12–3.13). Sports SCA was also more likely to be a witnessed event (87% versus 53%; P<0.001) with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (44% versus 25%; P=0.001) and ventricular fibrillation (84% versus 51%; P<0.0001). Survival to hospital discharge was higher for sports-associated SCA (23.2% versus 13.6%; P=0.04). Sports SCA cases presented with known preexisting cardiac disease in 16% and ≥1 cardiovascular risk factors in 56%, and overall, 36% of cases had typical cardiovascular symptoms during the week preceding the SCA. Conclusions— Sports-associated SCA in middle age represents a relatively small proportion of the overall SCA burden, reinforcing the idea of the high-benefit, low-risk nature of sports activity. Especially in light of current population aging trends, our findings emphasize that targeted education could maximize both safety and acceptance of sports activity in the older athlete.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder in the eyes of cosmetology students

Introduction: Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is a syndrome characterized by excessive anxiety caused by a non-existent or minimal physical defect. Despite that the disease affects up to 2% of general population, the awareness of this problem seems not widespread. The knowledge of psychodermatology among cosmetology students has not been studied until now. Aim of the study: To assess the knowledge of psychodermatology, and especially BDD among students of cosmetology. Material and methods: A questionnaire survey of 121 students of cosmetology (master course, either full-time or part-time) at the Jagiellonian University Faculty of Pharmacy, Krakow, Poland. Results: The concept of psychodermatology and BDD was known to 106 of 121 students (88%), while 65 respondents (54%) were able to indicate typical symptoms of BDD. The students appreciated the need for cooperation between cosmetologists and dermatologists (120, 99%), psychologists (56, 46%) and plastic surgeons (53, 44%) while only 28 (23%) recognized the need for collaboration with a psychiatrist. Conclusions: The majority of cosmetology students knows the concept of psychodermatology, and more than a half of them can indicate symptoms typical of BDD. They appreciate the need for collaboration with a dermatologist, while underestimating the role of the psychiatrist with this respect.
Systematic review of concepts measured in individuals with lower limb amputation using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health as a reference

Background: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is comprehensive but difficult to use in clinical practice. ICF Core Sets are one method of increasing the use of the ICF in clinical practice. To develop a condition-specific core set requires identification of the concepts measured in current clinical practice. Objective: To identify and quantify concepts contained in functional measurements used in published clinical studies utilising the ICF as a reference, for individuals with an amputation of the lower limb. Study Design: Systematic literature review. Methods: The concepts of published clinical and outcome measures used in individuals with a lower limb amputation were extracted and linked to the categories of ICF. Results: The 113 outcome measures identified in the literature search contained 2210 functional concepts. Of the identified concepts, nearly 90% could be linked to ICF categories. The identified concepts linked to 44 categories in the domain of body functions and structures, 56 categories in the domain of activities and participation and 30 categories in the domain of environment. Conclusions: Using the ICF as a reference, we could identify and quantify the majority of concepts in the outcome measures used in published clinical studies. The ICF categories identified will assist in the development of ICF Core Sets for persons with an amputation. Clinical relevance The ICF is available in over 25 languages. Improving the usefulness of the classification for clinicians will assist in standardising clinical practice and in comparison of outcomes nationally and internationally. ICF Core Sets are designed to use a manageable number of categories from the ICF to allow application in day-to-day clinical practice.
Comparison of a 1450‐nm Diode Laser and a 1320‐nm Nd:YAG Laser in the Treatment of Atrophic Facial Scars: A Prospective Clinical and Histologic Study

BACKGROUND Atrophic scar revision techniques, although numerous, have been hampered by inadequate clinical responses and prolonged postoperative recovery periods. Nonablative laser treatment has been shown to effect significant dermal collagen remodeling with minimal posttreatment sequelae. Although many studies have been published regarding the effectiveness of these nonablative lasers on rhytides, there are limited data demonstrating their specific effects on atrophic scars. OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of long-pulsed 1320-nm Nd:YAG and 1450-nm diode lasers in the treatment of atrophic facial scarring. METHODS A series of 20 patients (skin phototypes I–V) with mild to moderate atrophic facial acne scars randomly received three successive monthly treatments with a long-pulsed 1320-nm Nd:YAG laser on one facial half and a long-pulsed 1450-nm diode laser on the contralateral facial half. Patients were evaluated using digital photography and three-dimensional in vivo microtopography measurements at each treatment visit and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Histologic evaluations of cutaneous biopsies obtained before treatment, immediately after the first treatment, and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the third treatment were performed. Clinical assessment scores were determined at each treatment session and follow-up visit. Patient satisfaction surveys were obtained at the end of the study. RESULTS Mild to moderate clinical improvement was observed after the series of three treatments in the majority of patients studied. Patient satisfaction scores and in vivo microtopography measurements paralleled the photographic and histopathologic changes seen. Side effects of treatment were limited to mild transient erythema, edema, and hyperpigmentation. No scarring or adverse textural changes resulted from the use of either laser system. CONCLUSIONS Nonablative long-pulsed 1320-nm Nd:YAG and 1450-nm diode lasers each offer clinical improvement for patients with atrophic scarring without significant side effects or complications. The 1450-nm diode laser showed greater clinical scar response at the parameters studied. The use of nonablative laser systems is a good treatment alternative for patients with atrophic scarring who are unable or unwilling to endure the prolonged postoperative recovery process associated with ablative laser skin resurfacing procedures.
Investigation and management of IgM and Waldenström‐associated peripheral neuropathies: recommendations from the IWWM‐8 consensus panel

Paraproteinaemic neuropathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders most frequently associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies including Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM). Their consequences are significant for affected patients, and their management challenging for their physicians. The variability in clinical presentation and time course hamper classification and management. The indications for invasive investigations such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis, nerve conduction tests and sensory nerve biopsies are unclear, and the optimum way to measure clinical response to treatment unknown. When to intervene and and how to treat, also present challenges to physicians. As part of its latest deliberations at the International Workshops on WM (IWWM) in London, UK (August 2014), the IWWM8 panel have proposed a consensus approach to the diagnosis and management of peripheral neuropathies associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies, including WM. Importantly, a consensus regarding the use of clinical outcome measures and recommended models of care for this group of patients is discussed, as well as appropriate treatment interventions.
SYNESTHETIC PERCEPTION OF TEMPERATURE AND SOUND DURING NUMERICAL PROCESSING

Synesthesia is a phenomenon found in some individuals wherein a particular sensory stimulus generates a secondary response which is seemingly immaterial to the initial stimulus. This was once believed to be an extremely rare occurrence but in recent years, numerous scientific reports of various forms of synesthesia have emerged. It is most likely that a trait that is retained throughout the course of evolution provides certain benefits to the individual. Subject PP, a 39-year-old mathematics teacher reported that temperatures and/or sounds were frequently evoked during her processing of numbers and operations. We propose that sy ne sthesia may be employed by PP to help in the processing of numbers and mathematical computations. PP was first interviewed by the researchers after she was discovered to be a synesthete. In our experiment, she was presented with notecards containing numbers and operations and was asked to report concurrent perceptions of temperature and sounds in each case. Composite numbers induced a higher average temperature response (7.30 +/1.83 units) compared to prime numbers (5.41 +/2.92 units; two-tailed t-test with unequal variances, p<0.001). Sounds, which may be mentally perceived or physically uttered, were induced more frequently by operations (26%) than by numbers (2%). We conclude that the mathematical property of PP is correlated to the way her synesthetic concurrent is expressed and we propose that synesthesia may be employed by PP to help in the processing of numbers and mathematical computations.
Correlation of Prehypertension with Left Ventricular Mass Assessed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction. The purpose of this observational cross-sectional study was to assess left ventricular mass (LVM) in prehypertensive individuals in comparison to normotensives and to determine if central blood pressure (BP) correlates better with LVM index (LVMI) than brachial BP. Methods and Result. Brachial and central BP measurements were completed at first visit and at 4 weeks in 65 healthy volunteers who were at least 40 years old and not on medication. Subjects were divided into two groups of normotensives and prehypertensives based on JNC-7 criteria and LVM was obtained using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Prehypertensives had significantly higher LVMI compared to normotensives (P < 0.01). Brachial and central BP also both positively correlate with LVMI (r = 0.460, P < 0.01; r = 0.318, P = 0.012, resp.) in both groups and neither method was superior to the other. After multivariate regression analysis and adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, prehypertension remained an independent determinant of LVM. Conclusion. Prehypertension is associated with cardiovascular target organ damage, and central BP was not superior to brachial BP or vice versa for association with LVMI.