Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Performance of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II Scores in Patients with Suspected Infection According to Intensive Care Unit Type

We investigated the prognostic performance of scoring systems by the intensive care unit (ICU) type. This was a retrospective observational study using data from the Marketplace for Medical Information in the Intensive Care IV database. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. We obtained Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II scores in each ICU type. Prognostic performance was evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and was compared among ICU types. A total of 29,618 patients were analyzed, and the in-hospital mortality was 12.4%. The overall prognostic performance of APACHE III was significantly higher than those of SOFA and SAPS II (0.807, [95% confidence interval, 0.799–0.814], 0.785 [0.773–0.797], and 0.795 [0.787–0.811], respectively). The prognostic performance of SOFA, APACHE III, and SAPS II scores was significantly different between ICU types. The AUROC ranges of SOFA, APACHE III, and SAPS II were 0.723–0.826, 0.728–0.860, and 0.759–0.819, respectively. The neurosurgical and surgical ICUs had lower prognostic performance than other ICU types. The prognostic performance of scoring systems in patients with suspected infection is significantly different according to ICU type. APACHE III systems have the highest prediction performance. ICU type may be a significant factor in the prognostication.
A Diurnal Distribution Function for Daily Evaporation

Some deterministic mathematical models of hydrologic processes require an approximate diurnal distribution of evaporation. The problem of estimating the diurnal distribution of evaporation rates is examined when only total daily evaporation is given. Two cases are considered, clear days and cloudy days, and nondimensional distribution functions are developed for each case. Application of the distribution functions requires a knowledge of the time of sunrise and daylength. Operating rules to decide which distribution function to employ are given in terms of alternate data, sunshine hours, solar radiation, and daily evaporation. The preliminary nature of the results is emphasized.
The fluorite deposits in the Dolomite Series of the Marico District, Transvaal, South Africa

The upper part of the Precambrian Dolomite Series is mineralized with fluorite and minor lead-zinc. The deposits show similarities to the Mississippi Valley type but were subsequently metamorphosed in the contact aureole of the Bushveld Igneous Complex. The ore locations are mostly controlled by paleoporosity of the dolomite such as vuggy horizons and paleokarst. On a larger scale the fluorite district is localized on a paleorelief which acted as an ore trap. Several genetic hypotheses are proposed; the most attractive one is precipitation from solutions which derived fluorine from the Dolomite Series and/or Pretoria Series during diagenesis. Economically the fluorite district appears to be one of the largest in the world.
Some properties of Kirkham’s method for drain spacing determination in marshy - gley soil

The aim of this work is to present some peculiarity of Kirkham’s method applied in drain spacing determination in steady state water flow in eugley soil type. The analysis was based on data obtained by measuring water discharge from drains and water table depth. Measurements was carried out on drainage field with drain spacing of 10 m, 20 m and 30 m, representing drainage treatments I, II and III, respectively. The estimation of drain spacing is moved to lower value in all treatments. The results of analysis show meaningful limitation of method, especially in the treatments with wider drain spacing as well as in the cases of deeper ground water.
The SPOT satellites: From SPOT 1 to SPOT 4

Abstract The recently launched SPOT 1 satellite belongs to a family of second generation remote sensing spacecraft which has been designed to ensure more than 10 years of continuity for the corresponding data delivery. Starting with the model 1 of the satellite series, the paper describes successively its sun synchronous orbit, the 2 identical imaging instruments and the other subsystems such as the on board tape recorders, the telemetry package, the stabilization equipments and etc. Special emphasis is given to the technological innovations put into the design of this satellite, and its twin model 2, with respect to the first generation satellites represented by the three first spacecraft of LANDSAT Series. The paper then details the improvements carried out on the design of the 3rd and 4th models, to ensure the service continuity beyond 1990, and to deliver even more powerful data in terms of potential applications.
A circulação oceânica de larga-escala na região oeste do Atlântico Sul com base no modelo de circulação Global OCCAM

The OCCAM (Ocean Circulation and Climate Advanced Modeling Project) is one of the global ocean circulation models which has been commonly used by the Brazilian oceanographic community. In most cases it is associated to regional numerical modeling studies, where it provides initial and boundary conditions for higher resolution models. The aim of this work, based on the concept of water masses, is to compare on an annual basis, the OCCAM with the use of: i) climatological temperature and salinity data from the NODC (National Oceanographic Data Center) and ii) volume transports associated with the water masses and based on values available in the literature. The selected levels of comparison were chosen to represent the core of the main water masses of the South Atlantic and the associated currents, described based on their volume transports. The main results indicate that the model is capable of representing realistically the vertical structure of the main currents and the associated water masses for the study region. In the equatorial portion of the subtropical gyre the model shows, for example, the southward zonal migration of the South Equatorial Current bifurcation with the increase of depth. According to the model and for the Tropical Water level, the bifurcation occurs between 9oS-15oS, moving to 25oS at the level of the South Atlantic Central Water and between 25oS-30oS at the level of the Antarctic Intermediate Water. The North Atlantic Deep Water, which is part of the thermohaline circulation, is represented in the model with a net southward transport between 15 Sv and 20 Sv for the region of study and is in agreement with the literature values.
HtrA3: a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Objective The dysregulation of the human high-temperature requirement A (HtrA) family of serine proteases is associated with many malignancies. However, there are few reports on HtrAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the expression, prognostic value, and biological functions of HtrAs in HNSCC. Methods The RNA-sequencing data and clinical data of HNSCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The GSE30784 and GSE31056 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used for further verification. This study explored the differential expression of HtrAs and assessed their potential impact on the prognosis of HNSCC patients using a survival module. Correlations between clinical characteristics and HtrA expression levels were then explored using a Wilcoxon rank sum test. A Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed using “clusterProfile” in the R software. A Pearson/Spearman correlation test was applied to analyze the relationship between HtrAs and immune infiltration level/checkpoint genes. Validation of HtrA expression levels were carried out by RT-PCR and western blot in human squamous carcinoma cell lines (Fadu and Cal-27) and human non-tumorigenic bronchial epithelium cells (BEAS-2B). Finally, through cell transfection, CCK-8, Ki-67 immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry assays, the effect of HtrA3 knockdown on the malignant biological behavior of HNSCC cells was explored. Results The gene expression levels of HtrAs were significantly upregulated and associated with patient age, TNM stage, clinical stage, and TP53 mutation status in the TCGA-HNSCC cohort. High expressions of HtrA1/3 were associated with shorter overall survival, shorter progress-free interval, and lower disease-specific survival in HNSCC. A nomogram for HtrAs was constructed and validated. HtrA-related genes were significantly enriched in the immune response and cell apoptosis pathway. In addition, the expression of HtrAs showed significant correlations with B cells, M cells, DC cell infiltration, and immune infiltration checkpoint (CD276, TNFRSF14). Validation of HtrA expression was carried out by RT-PCR and western blot. Results of in vitro experiments indicated that HtrA3 gene knockdown inhibits the proliferation of FaDu and Cal-27 cells while concurrently promoting apoptosis. Conclusions HtrA3 shows significant potential as both a prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic target for HNSCC, highlighting its relevance and importance in future research and potential clinical applications.
Changes in the marine-terminating glaciers of central east Greenland, 2000–2010

Marine-terminating outlet glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet have undergone substantial changes over the past decade. The synchronicity of these changes suggest a regional external forcing, such as changes in coastal ocean heat transport and/or increased surface melt and subglacial runoff. A distinct contrast in rates of ice front retreat has been observed between glaciers north and south of 69° N latitude on along the East Greenland coast. This latitude corresponds with the northward limit of subtropical waters carried by the Irminger Current, suggesting variability in ocean heat transport as the dominant forcing. Glacier surging, however, is yet another mechanism of change in this region. In order to provide further spatial and temporal constraint on glacier change across this important oceanographic transition zone, we construct time series of thinning, retreat and flow speed of 37 marine-terminating glaciers along the central east Greenland coast from 2000 to 2010. We assess this dataset for spatial and temporal patterns that may elucidate the mechanisms of glacier change. We confirm that glacial retreat, dynamical thinning, and acceleration have been more pronounced south of 69° N, with a high degree of variability along the Blosseville Coast and little inter-annual change in Scoresby Sound. Our results support the conclusion that variability in coastal ocean heat transport is the primary driver of regional glacier change, but that local factors, such as surging and/or individual glacier morphology, are overprinted on this regional signal.
Towards an integrated ecological–geographical landscape perspective. A review of principal concepts and methods

Landscape studies constitute a highly dynamic field which calls for a comprehensive review. The perspective of this review is ecological–geographical from a mainly Swedish viewpoint. The ongoing changes to ecosystems alter the landscape and affect prerequisites for biodiversity. An increasing awareness of the complicated interactions taking place in the landscape as a whole is reflected in the need for interdisciplinary interaction. Despite the suitability for multidisciplinary integration, most research and management of the landscape is, by tradition, conducted in separate fields. Hence, conceptual perception of landscape is dynamic and differentiated and the approaches to landscape studies are diverse. The present review highlights the need for further integration, as in translating and linking, between concepts and methods on different spatial, temporal and thematic scale levels in landscape-related issues. This is essential if we are to understand the complex processes and patterns in the landscape m.
The mechanical behavior of faulted rock at high temperature and pressure.

THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF FAULTED ROCK AT HIGH TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE by Robert Michael Stesky Submitted to the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences on July 11, 1975, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Frictional sliding in faulted rock was studied at 2 to 6 kbar pressure, 25 to 7000C, and sliding rates of 10-5 to 10 '2 cm/sec. Measurements were made in several different rock types, including two granites, gabbro, peridotite, dunite, anorthosite, and quartzite. Sliding occurred in two wayss by sudden, rapid, and audible slips, called stick-slip, or by smooth sliding, called stable sliding. Stickslip prevailed at low temperature and high pressure but gave way to stable sliding. at high temperature. The transition temperature was somewhat different for different rocks, but generally was near 2000 to 30000 at 3 to 4 kbar pressure. Two exceptions were a quartzite, which showed stick-slip up to 450C, and a peridotitq, which did not show stick-slip at all, even down to 25C. The friction stress for all these rocks was very similar, within ± 10 to 15%, and decreased only slowly' as temperature increased. The sliding stress increased markedly with: ressure, and at low temperatures it closely followed the relationships 2 = a + bcn, where t' is the shear stress on the fault, an is the normal stress, and a and b are parameters which slowly vary with temperature. At high temperatures and pressures, the shear stress increased less markedly with normal stress. At low temperatures the sliding stress was nearly independent of sliding rate, increasing 2 to 3% for three decades increase in sliding rate. The effect of rate is more marked at high temperatures, the stress increasing about 15% for three decades increase in rate. If the fault was held at reduced load for some period of time, the stress for the subsequent initial sliding increased with increasing holdin& time. Acoustic emissions were detected during frictional . slidiing in granite at and 2 kbar pressure and 250 to . 700C. Emissionsoccurred during sliding even at the highest temperature. The b~-value,. or ampli-. tude distribution, was the same at all temperatures. The conclusion of this study was that brittle cracking occurred during stable sliding in granite at all temperatures to 7000C, The deformation mechanisms during stable sliding in granite at high temperature were further studied by measuring the activation energy for sliding at different temperatures and by examination of deformed fault material with optical and transmission electron microscopy. The activation energy was about 30 kcal/mole below 5000C and increased to about 85 kcal/mole at higher temperature. The feldspars, microcline and
A decomposition method on solving the linear arboricity conjecture

A linear forest is a disjoint union of path graphs. The linear arboricity of a graph G $G$ , denoted by la( G ) $\text{la}(G)$ , is the least number of linear forests into which the graph can be partitioned. Clearly, la( G ) ≥⌈Δ( G ) ∕ 2 ⌉ $\text{la}(G)\ge \lceil {\rm{\Delta }}(G)\unicode{x02215}2\rceil $ for any graph of maximum degree Δ( G ) ${\rm{\Delta }}(G)$ . For the upper bound, the long‐standing Linear Arboricity Conjecture (LAC) due to Akiyama, Exoo, and Harary from 1981 asserts that la( G ) ≤⌈(Δ( G ) + 1 ) ∕ 2 ⌉ $\text{la}(G)\le \lceil ({\rm{\Delta }}(G)+1)\unicode{x02215}2\rceil $ . A graph is a pseudoforest if each of its components contains at most one cycle. In this paper, we prove that the union of any two pseudoforests of maximum degree up to 3 can be decomposed into three linear forests. Combining it with a recent result of Wdowinski on the minimum number of pseudoforests into which a graph can be decomposed, we prove that the LAC holds for the following simple graph classes: k $k$ ‐degenerate graphs with maximum degree Δ ≥ 3 k − 1 ${\rm{\Delta }}\ge 3k-1$ , all graphs on nonnegative Euler characteristic surfaces provided the maximum degree Δ ≠ 7 ${\rm{\Delta }}\ne 7$ , and graphs on negative Euler characteristic ϵ $\epsilon $ surfaces provided the maximum degree Δ ≥ 3 5 + 49 − 24 ϵ 4 − 1 ${\rm{\Delta }}\ge 3\unicode{x02308}\frac{5+\sqrt{49-24\epsilon }}{4}\unicode{x02309}-1$ , as well as graphs with no K t ${K}_{t}$ ‐minor satisfying some conditions on maximum degrees.
Seasonal effect on fatty acid composition in phospholipid classes and triacylglycerols of male Capoeta umbla

The seasonal changes in muscle tissue, total lipids and fatty acid composition of phospholipids (PL), triacylglycerol (TAG), and phospholipid classes of male Capoeta umbla were investigated in this study. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and phosphatidylserine (PS) were identified as the major phospholipids (PLs) in the muscle tissue (PS). Triacylglycerols showed high contents of MUFA, 14:0, 16:1n-7, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, and 18:3n-3; while phospholipids presented high contents of AA, DHA, and 18:0. Myristic acid, 16:1n-7, 18:1n-9, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), linoleic acid (18:2n-6), and linolenic acid (18:3n-3) were shown to be present in larger concentrations in TAG than in PL classes. In PL classes, 16:0, 18:0, arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (ΣPUFA) were higher than the TAG fraction. The fatty acid composition of total lipid and lipid classes (TAG and PL) were affected by the seasonal variations and lipid fraction.
Topography, boundary forces, and the Indo‐Australian intraplate stress field

The relative contribution of topographic (e.g., ridge push, continental margins, and elevated continental crust) and plate boundary (e.g., subduction and collisional) forces to the intraplate stress field in the Indo-Australian plate (IAP) is evaluated through a finite element analysis. Two important aspects of the IAP intraplate stress field are highlighted in the present study: (1) if substantial focusing of the ridge push torque occurs along the collisional boundaries (i.e., Himalaya, New Guinea, and New Zealand), many of the first-order features of the observed stress field can be explained without appealing to either subduction or basal drag forces; and (2) it is possible to fit the observed SHmax, (maximum horizontal stress orientation) and stress regime information with a set of boundary conditions that results in low tectonic stress magnitudes (e.g., tens of megapascals, averaged over the thickness of the lithosphere) throughout the plate. This study therefore presents a plausible alternative to previous studies of the IAP intraplate stress field, which predicted very large tectonic stress magnitudes (hundreds of megapascals) in some parts of the plate. In addition, topographic forces due to continental margins and elevated continental material were found to play an important role in the predicted stress fields of continental India and Australia, and the inclusion of these forces in the modeling produced a significant improvement in the fit of the predicted intraplate stresses to the available observed stress information in these continental regions. A central focus of this study is the relative importance of the boundary conditions used to represent forces acting along the northern plate margin. We note that a wide range of boundary conditions can be configured to match the large portion of the observed intraplate stress field, and this nonuniqueness continues to make modeling the IAP stress field problematic. While our study is an important step forward in understanding the sources of the IAP intraplate stress field, a more complete understanding awaits a better understanding of the relative magnitude of the boundary forces acting along the northern plate margin.
Implications of Aging in Place in the Context of the Residential Environment: Bibliometric Analysis and Literature Review

The residential environment’s impact on aging in place is a multidisciplinary field that draws from architecture, urban planning, gerontology, psychology, and sociology. This multidisciplinary nature makes it challenging to comprehensively understand the field and identify the connections and interactions among disciplines. A bibliometric analysis is crucial for exploring the field’s intellectual structure, identifying interdisciplinary collaborations, and tracking the knowledge flow across disciplines and will facilitate cross-disciplinary dialogue, foster collaboration, and encourage research that integrates diverse perspectives. This study reviewed the literature on aging in place in the context of a residential environment, which required adapting theories and methodologies. It analyzed a dataset of 1500 publications retrieved from the Web of Science, applied performance analysis techniques, and utilized VOSviewer to visualize the intellectual structure and evolving research themes. The results emphasize the increasing strength of academic interest and the growing diversity of fields related to the topic. The findings are discussed in terms of productivity, collaboration, and research themes from the past to the future. The results provide a roadmap for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners worldwide who focus on aging in place and acknowledge the importance of considering the physical, social, and cultural aspects of an older adult’s living environment.
Real time handwriting recognition system using CNN algorithms

Abstract— The growing use of digital technologies across various sectors and daily activities has made handwriting recognition a popular research topic. Despite the continued relevance of handwriting, people still require the conversion of handwritten copies into digital versions that can be stored and shared digitally. Handwriting recognition involves the computer's strength to identify and understand legible handwriting input data from various sources, including document, photo-graphs and others. Handwriting recognition pose a complexity challenge due to the diversity in handwriting styles among different individuals especially in real time applications. In this paper, an automatic system was designed to handwriting recognition using the recent artificial intelligent algorithms, the conventional neural network (CNN). Different CNN models were tested and modified to produce a system has two important features high performance accuracy and less testing time. These features are the most important factors for real time applications. The experimental results were conducted on a dataset includes over 400,000 handwritten names; the best performance accuracy results were 99.8% for SqueezeNet model.