Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Panel Data Study of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in China

This study examines the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for 29 provinces of China during the period of 1995-2007. Panel unit root, panel cointegration and Granger causality are employed to infer the causal relationship. The results show there is a panel cointegration relationship between energy consumption and economic growth. The Granger causality results indicate the presence of bi-directional causality running from energy consumption to economic growth with feedback effect. The policy implications are that Chinese government should ensure energy supply safety, improve energy efficiency, definitely put forward the strategy of low Carbon economy. China should build up the low-carbon innovation system, and carry out institution innovation of energy-saving and low-carbon economy. Firms are required to undertake social responsibility and encouraged to take measures to low energy consumption and carbon emission.
Gender Logic and (Un)doing Gender at Work

Doing gender is a popular concept in studies on work and organizations that is used to show how gender is constructed through interactions in organizations. Recently researchers have also started looking at how gender can be undone. This article elucidates two understandings of doing gender based on ethnomethodological and poststructural and discursive approaches and shows how these theoretical approaches lead to diverging ways of undoing gender. These two approaches are critically explored by drawing on qualitative research with information communication technology workers. The article thereby examines how gender might be undone within both ethnomethodological and poststructural and discursive traditions. It makes a contribution towards understanding (un)doing gender approaches at work by highlighting the implications for research on gender, work and organization.
Développement du secteur financier et financement de l’activité agricole dans un contexte de crise alimentaire : quelle place pour la micro-finance ?

Dans un contexte de crise alimentaire grandissante et ou plus d’un milliard de personnes souffrent de la faim, l’etude de l’optimisation du secteur de l’agriculture, au travers du renforcement des moyens de financement en vue de desservir un grand nombre de pauvres, revele toute son importance. Il s’agit ainsi d’analyser la maniere dont la microfinance peut contribuer favorablement a ameliorer le financement de l’agriculture en vue de favoriser une amelioration des conditions de vie des populations pauvres. L’innovation et l’adaptation aux besoins des agriculteurs peuvent etre instrumentees par la microfinance. Les capacites des menages agricoles ont une double influence sur le processus de reduction de la pauvrete, a travers, d’une part, de la productivite des menages agricoles, d’autre part, de la distribution de revenus. De maniere specifique, l’article evalue l’impact que le secteur financier peut avoir sur la productivite agricole, puis celui que cette derniere peut avoir sur la pauvrete. Il ressort de cette analyse que le secteur financier ne contribue pas a ameliorer la productivite, mais il constitue un facteur essentiel qui agit positivement dans le processus de reduction de la pauvrete. De plus, il existe une relation negative et non lineaire entre la productivite agricole et la pauvrete. En vue d’ameliorer l’action du secteur financier aupres des agriculteurs, un cadre qui favorise une intermediation financiere basee sur la microfinance peut etre developpe. Il est necessaire de valoriser et de vulgariser l’action des acteurs de la microfinance aupres des agriculteurs. Le developpement d’un financement adequat et adapte au travers de la microfinance dans le secteur agricole doit d’etre une priorite. Ce qui influence positivement autant la productivite que la reduction de la pauvrete.
Coagulation and fibrinolytic profiles in patients with severe pulmonary hypertension.

STUDY OBJECTIVES Although in situ thrombosis is a prominent finding in lung vessels from patients with primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension, to our knowledge, plasma coagulation factors that might contribute to a hypercoagulable state have not been fully investigated. We hypothesized that the local coagulation environment in the lung vasculature is important to progression if not initiation of pulmonary hypertension. DESIGN Quasi-experimental cross-sectional design with concurrent controls. SETTING Referral clinics and inpatient services of a University Hospital and a Veterans Administration Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS To investigate the role of plasma coagulation factors in severe pulmonary hypertension, we sampled plasma from patients with primary pulmonary hypertension, patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to a discernible etiology, and normal adult control subjects. RESULTS We detected abnormalities of the thrombomodulin/protein C anticoagulant system, evidenced by a decrease in soluble thrombomodulin, in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. In the patients with primary pulmonary hypertension, we found impaired fibrinolytic activity, with a rise in the fibrinolytic inhibitor plasminogen activator 1 and elevated euglobulin lysis time. Lower fibrinolytic activity correlated with high mean pulmonary artery pressure. In contrast, in patients with secondary pulmonary hypertension, von Willebrand factor antigen and fibrinogen levels were increased, and fibrinolytic activity decreased. CONCLUSIONS Different patterns of coagulation and fibrinolytic abnormalities are apparent in plasma from patients with primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension. Although we are unable to address causality with this study, we speculate that abnormalities of these coagulation mechanisms may initiate or play a role in perpetuation of pulmonary hypertension.
Lost in Translation: Pitfalls in Deciphering Plant Alternative Splicing Transcripts

Transcript annotation in plant databases is incomplete and often inaccurate, leading to misinterpretation. As more and more RNA-seq data are generated, plant scientists need to be aware of potential pitfalls and understand the nature and impact of specific alternative splicing transcripts on protein production. A primary area of concern and the topic of this article is the (mis)annotation of open reading frames and premature termination codons. The basic message is that to adequately address expression and functions of transcript isoforms, it is necessary to be able to predict their fate in terms of whether protein isoforms are generated or specific transcripts are unproductive or degraded.
Barriers to Same-Day Discharge of Patients Undergoing Total and Completion Thyroidectomy

Objective Describe barriers to same-day surgery for patients undergoing total and completion thyroidectomy. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Academic health sciences center. Subjects and Methods The subjects were patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or completion thyroidectomy and remained in hospital overnight or longer. A review was performed on patients who were operated on by a single surgeon from July 2005 through June 2013. Results Two hundred and sixty-eight cases were planned for same-day surgery. One hundred patients were not discharged on the same day (37%). Patients observed overnight or admitted to hospital had significantly lower postoperative calcium levels, 8.4 mg/dL (P < .0001), and lower intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH), mean 6.0 pg/mL (P < .0001). Those significantly more likely to require overnight observation were male patients (P = .0117), black patients (P = .0045), those with completion thyroidectomy (P = .0039), and those with a complication of surgery (P = .003). Conclusion Intraoperative PTH less than 10 pg/mL was the most frequent factor (25.7%) precluding same-day discharge, followed by admission for social/financial/transportation reasons (22.6%), large dead space from goiter (15.5%), multiple comorbidities (13.4%), multiple surgical reasons (5.2%), airway observation (5.2%), pain management (3.1%), and intractable nausea due to general anesthetic (2.1%). Hypocalcemia and postoperative bleeding still remain obstacles to outpatient thyroid surgery; however, the use of rapid PTH testing, modern hemostatic techniques, appropriate calcium prophylaxis, and experienced clinical decision making can effectively stratify which patients require overnight observation.
Testing for factorial invariance of the Modified Leadership Scale for Sports: using a Japanese version

The objective of this study was to provide empirical evidence to support psychometric properties of a modified four-dimensional model of the Leadership Scale for Sports (LSS). The study tested invariance of all parameters (i.e., factor loadings, error variances, and factor variances–covariances) in the four-dimensional measurement model between two groups of student-athletes. For testing multi-group invariance of the proposed scale, 335 middle school and 320 high school student-athletes in Japan participated in this study. The modified version of the LSS consists of 35 items representing training instruction, democratic behaviour, positive feedback, and social support. A chi-square difference test was employed for model comparisons. The results supported configural, metric, scalar and factor variance–covariance invariance in the modified LSS across the two student-athlete groups.
Compressional and shear wakes in a two-dimensional dusty plasma crystal.

Wakes composed of compressional and shear waves were studied experimentally in a two-dimensional screened-Coulomb crystal. Highly charged microspheres suspended in a plasma settled in a horizontal monolayer and arranged in a triangular lattice with a repulsive interparticle potential. Wakes were excited by a moving spot of Ar+ laser light. Depending on the laser spot speed, compressional waves formed a Mach cone and multiple lateral or transverse wakes, similar to ship wakes on the water surface, due to a combination of acoustic and dispersive properties. Shear waves, however, formed only a Mach cone, due to their nearly acoustic, i.e., dispersionless character. The experimental results show agreement with a recently developed theory and with molecular dynamics simulations, which assume a binary Yukawa interparticle potential. A generally useful method is presented for calculating the real part of the dispersion relation of the compressional waves based on the analysis of the spatial structure of a phonon wake. Fitting the resulting dispersion relation provides an independent measure of the interparticle potential, parametrized by the screening parameter kappa and particle charge Q.
Teachers' Culture in an English Primary School: continuity and change

Abstract This paper uses ethnographic data to investigate the impact of recent government legislation on primary school teachers. The reactions of one inner city primary school are reported in detail. It is argued that primary schools have distinctive cultures and these shape the response to the legislation. The relationship is dynamic as the legislation also influences the culture. The headteacher's role is undergoing particularly marked changes. Heads are finding it necessary to give considerable reassurance to teachers, stressing continuity rather than repudiation of past practices. Innovation can be seen as a technological, political or cultural process and the implications of these perspectives for teachers’ work are explored.
Book reviews: Smith, S.J. 1986: Crime, space and society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. xii + 255 pp. £25.00, US $42.50 cloth

now harder than ever to trace the spread of the disease because two major strains are cocirculating. Because of this, the cooperation of virologists and epidemiologists is required if we are to forecast future influenza diffusion pathways. The rich variety of modelling procedures offered within this volume constitutes alternative methodologies, and for that reason alone no medical school library should be without a copy of this landmark volume.
Cerebral oedema during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis: are we any nearer finding a cause?

Cerebral oedema remains the leading cause of death and morbidity in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Around seven per thousand episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are complicated by cerebral oedema, and one‐quarter of those children will die from it. The cause or causes of cerebral oedema are still very poorly understood, but lawyers are already keen to implicate various aspects of the management of DKA. There have been many theories as to the pathophysiology of cerebral oedema, and possible contributing factors may be excessive rate of rehydration, falling plasma osmolality (particularly that due to a reduction in plasma sodium concentration), hypoxia and insulin dosage. There is some supportive evidence for all of these factors in some cases, but there have been no sizeable case‐control studies, in part because of the rarity of the condition. Furthermore, cerebral oedema can still occur even when the management of DKA follows current ‘best practice’ guidelines.
An Empirical Evaluation of Entropy-based Anomaly Detection

There is considerable interest in using entropy-based analysis of traffic feature distributions for anomaly detection. Entropy-based metrics are appealing since they provide more fine-grained insights into traffic structure than traditional traffic volume analysis. While previous work has demonstrated the benefits of using the entropy of different traffic distributions in isolation to detect anomalies, there has been little effort in comprehensively understanding the detection power provided by entropy-based analysis of multiple traffic distribution used in conjunction with each other. We compare and contrast the anomaly detection capabilities provided by different entropybased metrics. We consider two classes of distributions: flow-header features (IP addresses, ports, and flow-sizes), and behavioral features (outand in-degree of hosts measuring the number of distinct destination/source IP addresses that each host communicates with). Somewhat surprisingly, we observe that the entropy of the address and port distributions are strongly correlated with each other, and also detect very similar anomalies in our traffic trace. The behavioral and flow size distributions appear less correlated and detect incidents that do not show up as anomalies among the port and address distributions. Further analysis using synthetically generated anomalies also suggests that the port and address distributions have limited utility in detecting scan and bandwidth flood anomalies. Based on our results we derive implications for selecting traffic distributions in entropy-based anomaly detection. In support of the thesis and future work, we present the Datapository Anomaly Detection Testbed, a framework and storage facility for analyzing and developing detection methods, generating and labeling anomalies, and analyzing traffic features with user provided traffic sets or publicly available traffic sets in the Datapository database. Through the collaboration of future users, we hope to expand the set of available detection methods, synthetic anomaly models, and publicly available traffic data and tools for analysis. To the Greeks, whose support and dancing gets me through the day.
Self‐construal types and conflict management styles

The purpose of the current study was to explore the effects of ethnic background, sex, and self‐construal types on conflict styles among African Americans, Asian Americans, European Americans, and Latina(o) Americans. Self‐construal, or self‐image, is composed of two aspects: an independent self and an interdependent self (Markus & Kitayama, 1991, 1994). Four self‐construal types result from a combination of the two components of self: biconstrual, independent, interdependent, and ambivalent. It was predicted and found that self‐construal provides a better explanation of conflict styles than ethnicity or sex. The participants (N = 662) completed a questionnaire that investigated their self‐construals and conflict styles in acquaintance conflicts. The major findings of the study were as follows: (a) biconstruals, independents, and interdependents use integrating and compromising more than ambivalents (as expected); (b) biconstruals use emotional expression more than ambivalents (as expected); (c) biconstruals use dominating more than interdependents and ambivalents (as expected); (d) interdependents and ambivalents use third‐party help more than biconstruals and independents; and (e) ambivalents use neglect more than biconstruals, independents, and interdependents; and (0 males use dominating more than females.
The therapeutic potential of gene transfer for the treatment of peripheral neuropathies

Abstract Peripheral neuropathy is a common medical problem with numerous aetiologies. Unfortunately, for the majority of cases there is no available medical solution for the underlying cause, and the only option is to try to treat the resulting symptoms. Treatment options exist when neuropathy results in positive symptoms such as pain, but there is a significant lack of treatments for negative symptoms such as numbness and weakness. Systemic application of growth factor peptides has shown promise in protecting nerves from neuropathic insults in preclinical animal studies, but translation into human trials has been problematic and disappointing. Significant advancements have been made in the past few years in utilising gene therapy approaches to treat peripheral neuropathy by expressing neuroprotective gene products either systemically or in specific nervous tissues. For example, plasmids expressing vascular endothelial growth factor injected into muscle, or herpes-simplex-virus-based vectors expressing neurotrophin gene products delivered to dorsal root ganglion neurons, have been used to protect peripheral nerve function in animal models of diabetes-associated peripheral neuropathy. Many published studies support the feasibility of this approach, although several questions still need to be addressed as gene therapy to treat peripheral neuropathy moves out of the laboratory and into the clinic.
The Validity and Reliability of the 12-Minute Swim Test in Male Swimmers Ages 13-17

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Cooper 12-min swim test in high school male swimmers ages 13 to 17. Thirty-three boys performed three 12-min swims and 1 maximal graded treadmill test within a 14-day period. One practice swim was conducted 1 week prior to participation in this study. VO2max was assessed by indirect calorimetry with open-circuit spirometry with the Truemax 2400 metabolic cart (Consentius Technologies, Sandy, UT). Test-retest reliability of the 12-min swim assessed via 1-way analysis of variance indicated moderate reliability (R = .66, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .42-.81), whereas concurrent validity assessed via a Pearson product-moment correlation indicated a moderate relation (r = .47, 95% CI = .15-.70, r2 = .22). Results indicate that the Cooper 12-min swimming test is only moderately reliable after 2 practice swims and does not appear to be a valid field test of aerobic capacity in high school male swimmers ages 13 to 17.
Kolmogorov turbulence in a random-force-driven Burgers equation.

The dynamics of velocity fluctuations, governed by the one-dimensional Burgers equation, driven by a white-in-time random force f with the spatial spectrum \ensuremath{\Vert}f(k)${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Vert}}}^{2}$\ensuremath{\propto}${\mathit{k}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, is considered. High-resolution numerical experiments conducted in this work give the energy spectrum E(k)\ensuremath{\propto}${\mathit{k}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\beta}}}$ with \ensuremath{\beta}=5/3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02. The observed two-point correlation function C(k,\ensuremath{\omega}) reveals \ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\propto}${\mathit{k}}^{\mathit{z}}$ with the ``dynamic exponent'' z\ensuremath{\approxeq}2/3. High-order moments of velocity differences show strong intermittency and are dominated by powerful large-scale shocks. The results are compared with predictions of the one-loop renormalized perturbation expansion.
From Higher Education to Work: Public and Professional Sector Employment in Germany and Britain

Comparative analysis of the transition from higher education to work often focuses on cross-national variations of higher education systems to explain country-specific mobility patterns of higher education graduates. The structure of graduate labour markets, however, has received less attention, despite differences across countries. Variations in the structure of public services and the professions are particularly pronounced. This article, therefore, analyses graduate employment patterns in professional and public sector jobs. It develops an explanatory framework based on the concept of internal labour markets and asks whether country-specific degrees of social closure in the public and professional sector influence individual transitions from higher education to work. To answer this question, the study looks at two countries that vary strongly in their institutional organisation of public and professional services – namely, Britain and Germany. Empirically, the transition to public and professional sector employment is studied, as well as between-sector career mobility of higher education graduates. Results indicate that public and professional sector employment is more common in Germany, while further career mobility between these sectors is higher in Britain.
Expanded CD14+ CD16+Monocyte Subpopulation in Patients with Acute and Chronic Infections Undergoing Hemodialysis

ABSTRACT Infections are frequent complications in end-stage renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), and peripheral blood monocytes are important cells in host defense against infections. The majority of circulating monocytes express high levels of lipopolysaccharide receptor antigen CD14 and are negative for the immunoglobulin Fcγ receptor type III (CD16). We studied the occurrence of a minor subpopulation coexpressing low levels of CD14 together with CD16 in HD patients. In healthy controls CD14+ CD16+monocytes account for 8% ± 4% of CD14+ monocytes, with an absolute number of 29 ± 14 cells/μl. In stable HD patients the CD14+ CD16+ subpopulation was significantly elevated (14% ± 3%, or 66 ± 28 cells/μl), while the number of CD14++ monocytes (monocytes strongly positive for CD14) remained constant. In HD patients suffering from chronic infections a further rise in CD14+CD16+ monocytes was observed (128 ± 71 cells/μl;P < 0.01) such that this subpopulation constituted 24% of all blood monocytes. In contrast, numbers of CD14++cells did not change compared to those for stable HD patients, indicating that the CD14+ CD16+ monocyte subpopulation was selectively expanded. During acute infections the CD14+ CD16+ cell subpopulation always expanded. A whole-blood assay revealed that CD14+ CD16+monocytes exhibited a higher phagocytosis rate for Escherichia coli bacteria than CD14++ monocytes, underlining their role during host defense. In addition, CD14+CD16+ monocytes expressed higher levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens (HLA-DR, -DP, and -DQ) and equal amounts of MHC class I antigens (HLA-ABC). Thus, CD14+ CD16+ cells constitute a potent phagocytosing and antigen-presenting monocyte subpopulation, which is expanded during acute and chronic infections commonly observed in chronic HD patients.