Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changing Attitudes Toward Women's Nonfamily Roles

On the assumption that popular sex-role attitudes and beliefs change in response to long-term technologlcal, demographic, and economic trends, this research tests the extent to which attitude change first occurs among collectivities which benefit most, economically, from new conditions. The theory is tested using data on two questions related to women's status which have been replicated between 1938 and 1978 in AIPO, the GSS, and our own 1978 national probability telephone survey. The results provide some support for the theory, as well as evidence of large period effects. The increase in favorable responses in the 1970s appears more as a recovery from the 1960s than as a revolutionary leap forward.
Association Between Portal Vein Color Doppler Findings and the Severity of Disease in Cirrhotic Patients With Portal Hypertension

Background Doppler ultrasound is the accepted gold standard for assessing direction of flow in the portal vein (PV). Moreover, it is non-invasive; therefore, it is well accepted by the patients and does not interfere with flow hemodynamics. Objectives The present study was aimed to evaluate the association between color Doppler findings and the severity of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Patients and Methods The study group included 50 patients referred for ultrasound (US) evaluation over a period of six months from March to August, 2007. The patients were divided into three groups (Child’ A, B and C) based on Child Pugh classification. The direction of flow in the main portal vein (hepatopetal or nonhepatopetal) and peak venous velocity (PVV) in the main portal vein were measured and correlated with the presence or absence of ascites, splenomegaly, splenic and esophageal varices (assessed by Doppler US). These findings were correlated with clinical features and laboratory findings (using Child Pugh’s criteria). Results There was significant association between the decrease of peak portal venous velocity (PVV) and the increase in Child Pugh score. Hepatofugal flow was seen only in patients with more advanced disease. There was also significant association between PVV and splenic varices and ascites, while PVV was not affected by the presence or absence of esophageal varices or splenomegaly. Presence of a recanalized umbilical vein (UV) was associated with increased PVV even in advanced disease. Conclusions Color Doppler is an excellent modality for detecting and characterizing the complex hemodynamics of portal hypertension in cirrhosis and they correlate with the clinical stage of disease.
An analysis of the utilization and effectiveness of non‐financial incentives in small business

This research was conducted in order to determine what variables would give small businesses (defined as any firm with less than 100 employees) an advantage versus larger businesses in attracting and maintaining employees while optimizing their performance. Job enrichment, employee recognition, pay equity and managerial skill do affect employee job satisfaction in small business. However, there was sufficient evidence to indicate that income was, at the very least, a moderating factor with regard to the success of non‐monetary incentives. Therefore, the variables studied are most effective when supplemented with an income that allows employees to meet physiological and security needs for themselves and their families. What this article demonstrates is that by increasing job satisfaction via job enrichment, employee recognition, internal pay equity and the use of skilled managers, smaller firms can increase productivity and attractiveness to existing and potential employees.
Experiment and simulation of torsional vibration based on sensorless detection technology under variable-frequency power sources

Research the effect of stator current of asynchronous motor on shafting torsional vibration under variable-frequency power sources, a simulation model of shafting torsional vibration detection based on MATLAB/SIMULINK is aiming at revealing response and law of stator current on shafting torsional vibration in the event of inverter power supplying, which takes advantage of emulational variable-frequency module of asynchronous motor connected with torsional torque signal of square-wave transformation externally, emulational motor and shafting torsianl vibration of driven devices. A test device driven by the induction motor with a DC generator as load is set up for the simulation of torsional vibration of the shafting. With the rapid on-off changes via computer-controlled load circuit simulating torsional vibration of the shafting, simulation experiments are in coincidence with the simulation results, which confirms the wide application of torsional vibration based on sensorless detection technology under variable-frequency power sources.
PROTOCOLS FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTERS

Most parallel operating systems and most message passing system implementations use the same three way connectionless communication protocol. Unfortunately, this protocol is not very well suited for the needs of most parallel applications, resulting in high latency and poor throughput. This paper analyzes the widely used connectionless protocols and compares them with connection oriented protocols. For this comparison, all these protocols have been implemented in the operating system C OSY and in an event driven simulator. The measurements and simulations clearly show the superiority of the connection-oriented protocols, which deliver a throughput up to eight times higher as the three-way-protocol.
Is attention to detail a similarly strong candidate endophenotype for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

Abstract Objectives. To investigate whether attention to detail is a similarly strong candidate endophenotype of anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), and to explore the incidence and clinical correlates of attention to detail. Methods. A total of 266 women (including AN, BN, recovered AN, unaffected sisters of AN/BN & control women) undertook a thorough clinical assessment and were administered two neuropsychological measures of attention to detail (Group Embedded Figure Test; Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure). Results. Superior attention to detail was found across all AN groups including recovered AN and unaffected AN sisters. Those with BN and their unaffected sisters showed a profile more consistent with poor global integration. The combined effect of superior attention to detail and poor global integration (“weak coherence”) was present in 42.3% of active cases and corresponded with a more severe illness, elevated obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and a higher likelihood of comorbid clinical anxiety and self-harm. Conclusions. Attention to detail is a stronger candidate endophenotype of AN compared to BN, where poor global integration may be more relevant. The unique contribution of both aspects of weak coherence (superior attention to detail/poor global integration) requires further exploration and understanding in both eating disorders. Integrating cognitive remediation of these traits into treatment for the subset of patients it is relevant for may improve outcome.
Securing field learning using a twenty-first century Cook's Tour

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of incorporating digital video into a traditional Cook's Tour as part of a 7-day road trip around the east coast of New Zealand's North Island over a 4-year period. Student-generated video diaries summarized landscape features and processes at fieldsites, empowering students through active learning and small group collaborations. Student response was assessed via pre- and post-fieldtrip questionnaires, focus group and video diary reflection. Marks were analysed before and after the introduction of on-site student video production. Results of this research indicate the positive influence and statistically significant effects of this approach on student learning.
Dual Diagnosis of Substance Abuse and Severe Mental Illness: The Scope of the Problem

ABSTRACT Mental illness and substance use co-occur at an alarmingly high rate. Causes of this comorbidity may include self-medication, genetic vulnerability, environment or lifestyle, underlying shared origins, and/or a common neural substrate. The consequences of dual diagnosis include poor medication compliance, physical comorbidities and poor health, poor self-care, increased suicide risk or aggression, increased sexual behavior, and a higher risk of incarceration. Appropriate screening, assessment, and integrated (mental health and addiction) services for dual diagnosis are key components of care for this complex patient group.
Power Efficient VM Consolidation using Live Migration-A step towards Green Computing

: From past the researchers have seen a brusque changes advent in the field of research areas on maturing the energy efficient large computational resources. Here firstly the basics of Cloud Computing discussed and then green computing with its architectural elements, power efficiency, live migration are presented. A novel Green computing framework is applied to the Cloud in order to meet the goal of minimizing the power consumption. This paper tries to impose efforts on power management with Live Migration. In Live Migration a running VM is moved from one physical host to another. Live migration is attractive to data center providers because moving a VM across distinct physical hosts can be leveraged for a variety of tasks such as power management, maintenance, or fault tolerance. Power consumption has found to be critical come forth in Cloud environment. Also servers take much energy to finish their tasks. Green computing comes up to overcome the energy consumption problem in cloud computing.
Asthma and gastroesophageal reflux

Abstract Gastroesophageal reflux and asthma are common diseases in the developed world, and they often coexist in patients. Animal experiments, epidemiologic data, and clinical studies suggest that gastroesophageal reflux may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma. In addition to classic reflux symptoms, such patients may notice nightly exacerbations of asthma or postprandial worsening of their pulmonary symptoms. Empiric treatment with an acid-suppressive regimen is the most cost-effective approach for asthmatic patients with classic gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, especially if the asthma remains poorly controlled despite conventional treatment. If patients have persistent problems after an adequate duration of acid-suppressive therapy or if they report symptoms indicating complicated reflux disease, such as dysphagia, additional diagnostic studies should be initiated. In most cases, medical therapy should be chosen for the long-term treatment of patients with asthma and gastroesophageal reflux. With the availability of less-invasive laparoscopic surgery, fundoplication may be an alternative in selected, mostly young individuals who have documented reflux and symptoms responsive to appropriate acid-suppressive regimens.
Discrete Models of Slow Voltage Dynamics for Under Load Tap-Changing Transformer Coordination

In this paper, an approach to modeling, analysis, and design of slow distributed voltage control schemes is proposed. In particular, a dynamical voltage model governed by the under load tap-changing transformers as control tools is studied. Rigorous conditions are derived to predict when the LTC based scheme may be poorly coordinated and not able to maintain voltages within the limits. The proposition is that nonconvergence of LTC control scheme is one of the causes of a systemwide voltage collapse.
The effective spin concept to analyze coherent charge transport in mesoscopic systems

The concept of effective spin is introduced to underpin the fundamental isomorphism between two apparently disparate fields of physics—phase coherent charge transport in mesoscopic systems and qubit operations in a spin-based quantum logic gate. Together with the Bloch sphere concept, this isomorphism allows transport problems to be formulated in a language more familiar to workers in spintronics and quantum computing. We exemplify the application of the effective spin concept by formulating several charge transport problems in terms of specific unitary operations (rotations) of a spinor on the Bloch sphere.
Spider Silk Fibers Spun from Soluble Recombinant Silk Produced in Mammalian Cells

Spider silks are protein-based “biopolymer” filaments or threads secreted by specialized epithelial cells as concentrated soluble precursors of highly repetitive primary sequences. Spider dragline silk is a flexible, lightweight fiber of extraordinary strength and toughness comparable to that of synthetic high-performance fibers. We sought to “biomimic” the process of spider silk production by expressing in mammalian cells the dragline silk genes (ADF-3/MaSpII and MaSpI) of two spider species. We produced soluble recombinant (rc)–dragline silk proteins with molecular masses of 60 to 140 kilodaltons. We demonstrated the wet spinning of silk monofilaments spun from a concentrated aqueous solution of soluble rc–spider silk protein (ADF-3; 60 kilodaltons) under modest shear and coagulation conditions. The spun fibers were water insoluble with a fine diameter (10 to 40 micrometers) and exhibited toughness and modulus values comparable to those of native dragline silks but with lower tenacity. Dope solutions with rc–silk protein concentrations >20% and postspinning draw were necessary to achieve improved mechanical properties of the spun fibers. Fiber properties correlated with finer fiber diameter and increased birefringence.
Autonomous Data Ingestion Tuning in Data Warehouse Accelerators

The IBM DB2 Analytics Accelerator (IDAA) is a state-of-the art hybrid database system that seamlessly extends the strong transactional capabilities of DB2 for z/OS with very fast processing of OLAP and analytical SQL workload in Netezza. IDAA copies the data from DB2 for z/OS into its Netezza backend, and customers can tailor data maintenance according to their needs. This copy process, the data load, can be done on a whole table or just a physical table partition. IDAA also offers an incremental update feature, which employs replication technologies for low-latency data synchronization. The accelerator targets big relational databases with several TBs of data. Therefore, the data load is performance-critical, not only for the data transfer itself, but the system has to be able to scale up to a large number of tables, i. e. , tens of thousands to be loaded at the same time, as well. The administrative overhead for such a number of tables has to be minimized. In this paper, we present our work on a prototype, which is geared towards efficiently loading data for many tables, where each table may store only a comparably small amount of data. A new load scheduler has been introduced for handling all concurrent load requests for disjoint sets of tables. That is not only required for a multi-tenant setup, but also a significant improvement for attaching an accelerator to a single DB2 for z/OS system. In this paper, we present architecture and implementation aspects of the new and improved load mechanism and results of some initial performance evaluations.
THE EMERGENCE OF DISTRIBUTED LEADERSHIP IN EDUCATION: WHY NOW?

ABSTRACT: The recent emergence of distributed leadership has been very marked. In England, it has received official endorsement. But the evidence-base which supports this endorsement is weak: there is little evidence of a direct causal relationship between distributed leadership and pupil attainment.What therefore might explain its rise to prominence? Here three possible explanations are considered: first, it accords with the contemporary reform of the public services; second, it is legitimated by an appeal to a culture wherein all categories and classifications are rendered increasingly permeable; and third, it is regarded as functional for the ‘new work order’.
The Performance of Cited References as an Approach to Information Retrieval

This study explored the relationship between the number of cited references used in a citation search and retrieval effectiveness, a relatively unstudied phenomenon. It focused on analyzing, in terms of information retrieval effectiveness, the overlap among postings sets retrieved by various combinations of cited references. The findings from three case studies clearly showed that the more cited references used for a citation search, the better the performance, in terms of retrieving more relevant documents, up to a point of diminishing returns. Generally the overall level of overlap among relevant documents sets was found to be low. Therefore, if only some of the cited references among many candidates are used for a citation search, a significant proportion of relevant documents may be missed. In addition, the characteristics of cited references showed that some variables are good indicators to predict relevance to a given question. The findings of this comprehensive exploratory study are of interest for both theoretical and practical reasons. It should be noted that the three case studies were in only one subject—the library and information science literature—an employed limited data using the 20 most recent citations. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Reduction of the transient outward potassium current in canine x‐linked muscular dystrophy

BackgroundThe xmd dog develops a cardiomyopathy similar to that seen in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. In both the canine and human diseases, ECG abnormalities may precede the development of overt cardiac pathological lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether specific cellular electrical abnormalities occur in dystrophic ventricular tissue. Methods and ResultsAction potentials were recorded in epicardial tissue strips obtained from normal and xmd dogs. Phase 1 amplitude was increased from 86.8±2.7 mV in normal dogs to 94.3± 1.8 mV in xmd dogs (mean±SEM; P<.05). The 4-aminopyridine-sensitive transient outward potassium current (Ito), as recorded in isolated epicardial myocytes using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, was reduced in xmd dogs compared with age-matched normal dogs. Cell capacitance also was reduced significantly in xmd compared with normal cells, as was the current density (3.6±0.3 versus 5.4±0.8 pA/pF, respectively). No differences were observed in the time constants of current decay or in the kinetics of recovery from inactivation between groups. The slope factor (k) of steadystate inactivation was significantly greater in xmd compared with normal cells (7.2±0.9 versus 5.4±0.5, respectively), whereas the V1/2 of inactivation did not differ (−38.2±2.4 versus −36.8±1.6 mV, respectively). ConclusionsThese data indicate that the magnitude of Ito, is reduced in dystrophic epicardial myocytes, resulting in an increase in phase 1 amplitude. The reduction of Ito may alter the balance of inward and outward currents in dystrophic myocardium and thereby contribute to the development of cardiac pathology.
The social environment of the classroom: A Vygotskian perspective on small group process

Many Language Arts educators have argued that teacher‐led discussions of literature limit students' participation and focus their attention on the teacher's agenda rather than enabling them to construct meaning for themselves. Alternative classroom structures, such as small group discussions, have been proposed to empower students in literary analysis and to invest them in classroom discourse. However, researchers have conducted little systematic study of small group process to substantiate them as an alternative. Vygotsky's theory of the social influences on learning provides the framework for an exploratory study of the relationship between patterns of discourse in teacher‐led discussions of literature and in the small group discussions that follow them in an instructional sequence. The data suggest that small groups, when enacted in classrooms in which the teacher's discourse (a) enables students to provide their own broader social and conceptual context for the literature, and (b) explicates analytic .
Platelets, inflammation and anti-inflammatory effects of antiplatelet drugs in ACS and CAD

Summary Platelets play a pivotal role in chronic inflammation leading to progression of atherosclerosis and acute coronary events. Recent discoveries on novel mechanisms and platelet-dependent inflammatory targets underpin the role of platelets to maintain a chronic inflammatory condition in cardiovascular disease. There is strong and clinically relevant crosslink between chronic inflammation and platelet activation. Antiplatelet therapy is a cornerstone in the prevention and treatment of acute cardiovascular events. The benefit of antiplatelet agents has mainly been attributed to their direct anti-aggregatory impact. Some anti-inflammatory off-target effects have also been described. However, it is unclear whether these effects are secondary due to inhibition of platelet activation or are caused by direct distinct mechanisms interfering with inflammatory pathways. This article will highlight novel platelet associated targets that contribute to inflammation in cardiovascular disease and elucidate mechanisms by which currently available antiplatelet agents evolve anti-inflammatory capacities, in particular by carving out the differential mechanisms directly or indirectly affecting platelet mediated inflammation. It will further illustrate the prognostic impact of antiplatelet therapies by reducing inflammatory marker release in recent cardiovascular trials.
New and Improved, but Still Cold and Symbolic

My commentary applauds the authors' cognitive framework for capturing the inferential complexity and flexibility of emotion processing. The framework offers generative powers, as demonstrated by new studies, and an insightful perspective on classic studies. However, at the core, the framework is still symbolic and cold—reflecting its origins in amodal views of the mind. This leads to two troubles. First, the framework cannot incorporate evidence for embodied, modal processing of emotion. Second, the framework overemphasizes conceptual and conscious processing, leading to dismissal of unconscious emotion. I question whether simply updating a symbolic cognitive framework is sufficient to capture the recent empirical and theoretical developments in emotion research. It might be time for a new modal and embodied theory of emotion.
Strong reciprocity and human sociality.

Human groups maintain a high level of sociality despite a low level of relatedness among group members. This paper reviews the evidence for an empirically identifiable form of prosocial behavior in humans, which we call "strong reciprocity", that may in part explain human sociality. A strong reciprocator is predisposed to cooperate with others and punish non-cooperators, even when this behavior cannot be justified in terms of extended kinship or reciprocal altruism. We present a simple model, stylized but plausible, of the evolutionary emergence of strong reciprocity.