Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Effect of Propolis Drops On Oral Pathogens: An In Vitro Study

Antimicrobial Effect of Propolis Drops On Oral Pathogens: An In Vitro Study Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of various propolis drops found easily in Turkey against two oral pathogens; Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis. Methods: Seven different propolis drops (Group 1 to 7: Umay Herbal Organic Propolis, Bee'o Up [15%], Propoli EVSP, Brazilian Green Liquid Propolis, Eğriçayır Propolis, Bee'o Up [30%], Biostore Propolis) were included in the study. Antimicrobial effect of drops was investigated by the agar plate diffusion method. Petri dishes were prepared with Brain-Heart Infusion broth. 100 µl of microorganisms and 10 µl of each propolis were planted to these petri dishes from a broth culture. Inhibition zones formed on the 24th hour were measured in mm's and each experimental group was photographed. Data were compared by Mann Whitney-U test. Results: Only water-based propolis of the present study (Group 1) formed no inhibition zone against both oral pathogens and alcohol-based groups 4 and 5 formed no zone only against the latter. Group 5 showed significantly the highest antimicrobial effect against S. mutans, however that group showed no influence on E. faecalis. Group 6 was found significantly more effective on E. faecalis than other propolis drops (p<0.05). Conclusion: All of the groups showed antimicrobial effect on either one of the oral pathogens except for the water-based propolis drop. Compared to E. faecalis, tested propolis drops had affected S. mutans more. Thus, propolis extracts could be used as a more natural and harmless prevention method to dental caries specifically.
Dynamic modelling of fire spread across a fuel bed

The analysis of laboratory fire experiments led to the development of a reaction-diffusion model for the spread of fire across a fuel bed in windless and slopeless conditions. A method for the determination of coefficients in this model based on the dynamic features of a spreading fire is given. The numerical study of the mathematical problem proposed allows us to predict the rate of spread, the fire front perimeter and the temperature distribution for line-ignition and point-ignition fires. These results are compared with success to experimental data. Furthermore, the model allows us to estimate the acceleration of spread for a point-ignition fire in its initial stage and in the steady-state phase. Resume Une analyse menee sur des experiences de laboratoires nous a permis de proposer un modele de reaction-diffussion pour la propagation du feu sans vent et sans pente au travers d’une litiere. Une methode d’identification des coefficients du modele, a partir des caracteristiques dynamiques de la propagation du feu, est donnee. L’etude numerique du probleme mathematique nous permet de predire la vitesse de propagation, le perimetre du front de feu et la temperature dans le domaine d’etude pour des allumages en ligne et pour des allumages ponctuels. Ces resultats sont compares avec succes a des donnees experimentales. De plus, nous sommes aussi en mesure de decrire l’acceleration du front de feu dans les premiers instants suivant un allumage ponctuel.
Low-Profile, Pattern-Reconfigurable, Electrically Small Antenna Based on Equivalent Even and Odd Modes

A pattern-reconfigurable electrically small antenna (ESA) that radiates circularly polarized broadside pattern and linearly polarized omnidirectional pattern is proposed. The ESA consists of four dipole arms on the top layer and five dipole arms on the bottom layer. The two layers are connected by five vertical shorting pins. The connection states between different dipole arms and pins are electrically controlled by three inserted PIN diodes to generate the equivalent even- and odd-mode states, which correspond to reconfigurable broadside and omnidirectional patterns. The measured results demonstrate that in the odd-mode state, the boresight realized gain (RG) and axial ratio, front-to-back ratio, and radiation efficiency (RE) are 3.22 dBic, 2.57 dB, 6.39 dB, and 65.2%. In the even-mode state, the measured RG, out-of-roundness values, and RE of the omnidirectional pattern are 1.55 dBi, 2.19 dB, and 92.2%. Corresponding to the wavelength of 1.616 GHz, the profile is 0. 04λ0, and the cross-section is π × 0. 152λ02, i.e., ka = 0.98.
Pedestrian Dead Reckoning for Multiple Walking Styles Using Classifier-Based Step Detection

Traditional pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) systems have been designed for scenarios where users walk straight ahead. However, user behavior observation at the museum revealed that users often stop or walk sideways to look at the exhibits. If the user's smartphone is moving when the user is stopped, false step detection may occur. In addition, the correct step or change of direction may not be detected in sideways walking. To solve these problems, we propose a novel PDR system. First, we classify the user's walking style to address the problems of false step detection and undetected changes of direction. Next, we use a classifier to detect when the foot touches the ground from smartphone sensor data and perform step detection. Compared with the existing SmartPDR, our proposed method improved positioning accuracy by 20% in straight walking and 70% in sideways walking.
AI-Enabled Interference Mitigation for Autonomous Aerial Vehicles in Urban 5G Networks †

Integrating autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with fifth-generation (5G) networks presents a significant challenge due to network interference. UAVs’ high altitude and propagation conditions increase vulnerability to interference from neighbouring 5G base stations (gNBs) in the downlink direction. This paper proposes a novel deep reinforcement learning algorithm, powered by AI, to address interference through power control. By formulating and solving a signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) optimization problem using the deep Q-learning (DQL) algorithm, interference is effectively mitigated, and link performance is improved. Performance comparison with existing interference mitigation schemes, such as fixed power allocation (FPA), tabular Q-learning, particle swarm optimization, and game theory demonstrates the superiority of the DQL algorithm, where it outperforms the next best method by 41.66% and converges to an optimal solution faster. It is also observed that, at higher speeds, the UAV sees only a 10.52% decrease in performance, which means the algorithm is able to perform effectively at high speeds. The proposed solution effectively integrates UAVs with 5G networks, mitigates interference, and enhances link performance, offering a significant advancement in this field.
Dysgerminoma in pregnancy

Introduction: Malignant germ cell tumors (MGCTs), as a subtype of rare non-epithelial ovarian cancers (NOEC), are most commonly found in pregnancy. Of all MGCTs, 38% are dysgerminoma. Considering the rarity of these entities, the aim of this paper is to show a rare case of ovarian dysgerminoma presented in pregnancy and its influence on course and outcome of the pregnancy. Patient Review: Patient aged 26, gravida 2, para 1, with one vaginal delivery five years before, was admitted to the Clinic for Gynecology and obstetrics in term pregnancy because of uterine contractions accompanied by left thigh pain and tingling sensation in the left leg. Solid hypoechogenic mass with regular borders, 125x90 mm in diameter adjacent to the left side of the uterus was seen by ultrasound, without free fluid in pelvic cavity. Since regular uterine contractions started, the decision was made to terminate pregnancy by Caesarean section (CS) because of tumor previa. Histopathological examination confirmed ovarian dysgerminoma, but after staging operation which was performed two months after CS, following imaging diagnostics, ovarian dysgerminoma was confirmed with FIGO stage IA, meaning that patient's specific oncological treatment was finished. Conclusion: Diagnosis of ovarian dysgerminoma is in general challenging since up to 50% are asymptomatic or symptoms are non-specific. The management of ovarian cancer in pregnancy should be multidisciplinary and individualized in the best interest of the mother and the fetus. The overall five-year survival rate for ovarian dysgerminoma is favorable in more than 90% of cases. Women diagnosed with dysgerminoma in pregnancy are young and in general have good feto-maternal outcome.
fusion in the JPEG 2000 domain

— This paper presents a novel approach to image fusion in the JPEG 2000 domain. In this scheme, compressed images are fused without the need for full decompression. The proposed method can be integrated with the existing JPEG 2000 tools. It offers several beneﬁts: it avoids error propagation, allows for the development of error correction and protection mechanisms and reduces computational effort. This paper also presents a comparison with commonly used algorithms for image fusion and studies their performance in the presence of compression and transmission losses. The results show that the performance of the proposed method is superior to currently available techniques under noisy conditions
Toward an Optimal Solution to the Network Partitioning Problem

This paper delves into the realm of community detection in network science and graph theory with the overarching objective of unraveling the underlying structures between nodes within a network. In this pursuit, we put forth a novel and comprehensive approach to ascertain the optimal solution to maximizing the renowned community quality metric known as Max-Min Modularity. Through a series of experiments encompassing diverse case studies, we substantiate the efficacy and validity of our proposed approach, further bolstering its credibility.
Online Service Deployment on Mega-LEO Satellite Constellations for End-to-End Delay Optimization

Satellite Edge Computing (SEC), which empowers satellites with computing capabilities, has been regarded as a promising paradigm for 6G alongside the development of mega-Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations. With SEC, tasks traditionally performed on the ground can be offloaded and processed in the sky. Currently, most existing studies assume that the service entities have been deployed on satellites in advance, ignoring the selection of specific serving nodes. However, as the communication and computing resources of satellites vary in accordance with time, selecting the optimal node for deploying the service entity and migrating it at the right time will significantly affect users' quality of experience. In this regard, this article investigates the online service deployment on mega-LEO satellite constellations, taking into account the time-varying on-board resources and limited visible time. We formulate an optimization problem to maximize the number of successful deployments that meet delay requirements for each user under the long-term migration cost constraint. To solve this problem, we transform it into a Markov decision process and propose COMPOSE, an online satellite service deployment scheme based on convolution-proximal policy optimization. COMPOSE dynamically selects the optimal serving node and migrates the service entity in due course. The simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of COMPOSE in terms of delay satisfaction ratio, delay variance, and the number of migrations.
Speed and Agility Training in Female Soccer Players - A Systematic Review

Female soccer players performs between 1350-1650 activity changes, along with jumping, accelerating and decelerating. The ability to repeat these actions identically in competition are essential for success in female soccer. Hence, the study aim was to summarize relevant literature on the effects of speed and agility training in female soccer players. Literature identification were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and in multiple databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, EBSCOhost and Science Direct). Based on the pre-defined inclusion criteria (year of publication (2003-2022), full-text study published in English, the experimental study that had included healthy and injury-free female soccer players as participant sample) database search have identified 23502 potential studies. In the end, a total of seven full-text studies were included, with a total of 165 female participants. There were a variety of experimental programs, such as resisted, assisted and traditional sprint training, high-speed treadmill, speed and agility trainings, and repeated agility and strength group, along with their comparison with strength training group. Likewise, different types of duration, intensity and frequency were observed and resulted overall speed and agility improvements in female soccer players. Authors can conclude that only with well prepared and organized program, especially in pre-season, female soccer players should be able to improve important and specific factors, in order to achieve desired aim and result in terms of speed and agility.
A Semantic Topology Graph to Detect Re-Localization and Loop Closure of the Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping System in a Dynamic Environment

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) plays a crucial role in the field of intelligent mobile robots. However, the traditional Visual SLAM (VSLAM) framework is based on strong assumptions about static environments, which are not applicable to dynamic real-world environments. The correctness of re-localization and recall of loop closure detection are both lower when the mobile robot loses frames in a dynamic environment. Thus, in this paper, the re-localization and loop closure detection method with a semantic topology graph based on ORB-SLAM2 is proposed. First, we use YOLOv5 for object detection and label the recognized dynamic and static objects. Secondly, the topology graph is constructed using the position information of static objects in space. Then, we propose a weight expression for the topology graph to calculate the similarity of topology in different keyframes. Finally, the re-localization and loop closure detection are determined based on the value of topology similarity. Experiments on public datasets show that the semantic topology graph is effective in improving the correct rate of re-localization and the accuracy of loop closure detection in a dynamic environment.
Reversed asymmetrical switch costs in voluntary language switching: Evidence from typed responses

Prior research has put forward that asymmetrical switch costs in language switching do not occur when bilinguals are in a voluntary language-switching context. While several studies have provided evidence along these lines, two very recent studies have put this into question. This study further investigates the possibility that voluntary language switching abolishes asymmetrical switch costs. We presented German-English bilinguals ( n = 79) with pictures that had to be named in either German or English, whichever they chose, by typing. Reaction times (both the latency of the first keystroke and interkeystroke intervals) were analyzed using linear mixed-effects regression modeling with the factors Trial type (switch vs. repetition trial) and Language (German vs. English), whereas the error rates were analyzed using logistic mixed-effects regression modeling. The onset latencies and inter-keystroke intervals both showed larger second-language (English) than first-language (German) switch costs (i.e., reversed asymmetrical switch costs). As switch costs were modulated by language dominance in a voluntary language-switching context, this study provides evidence that voluntary language switching is not a boundary condition for asymmetrical switch costs. In contrast to most previous language-switching studies, we used typed rather than vocal responses in a voluntary language-switching paradigm. In addition, our findings further support and generalize very recent findings of (reversed) asymmetrical switch costs in voluntary language switching. Since asymmetrical switch costs, an important measure of bilingual inhibitory control, are not consistently observed throughout the language-switching literature, it is essential to understand its boundary conditions.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of major lodging resistant factors in hulless barley

Hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.), belonging to the genus Gramineae, has high and steady output and thus considered as a principal food crop by Tibetan people. Hulless barley grain can be used for food, brewing, and functional health product development, while its straw serves as an essential supplementary forage and is a crucial cereal crop. Lodging can reduce the yield and quality of barley grain and straw, and it hinders mechanical harvesting. It is a significant factor affecting high and stable yields of barley. Unlike other Poaceae plants (such as rice, wheat), hulless barley is mainly grown in high-altitude regions, where it is susceptible to low temperatures, strong winds, and heavy rainfall. As a result, its stem lodging resistance is relatively weak, making it prone to lodging during the growth period. In this study, we observed that the lignin concentration and the contents of lignin monomers (H, S, and G), and neutral detergent fibre of the lodging-resistant variety Kunlun14 were substantially greater than those of the lodging-sensitive variety Menyuanlianglan. We performed the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) analysis of both the lodging-resistant and lodging-sensitive varieties. Through transcriptome sequencing analysis at different developmental stages, combined with the previously annotated genes related to lodging resistance, a total of 72 DEGs were identified. Among these DEGs, 17 genes were related to lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose synthesis or regulation, including five transcription factors about NAC, MYB and WRKY. Our results provide a basis for further exploring the molecular mechanism of stem lodging resistance in hulless barley and provide valuable gene resources for stem lodging resistance molecular breeding.
DMLL: Differential-Map-Aided LiDAR-Based Localization

This article presents differential-map-aided LiDAR-based localization (DMLL), a localization framework that combines map-based localization and LiDAR odometry to achieve accurate and reliable robot pose estimation in partially known environments. In DMLL, measurement from map-matching are novelly modeled as differential constraints in the factor graph, rather than absolute constraints. This simplifies the fusion process and avoids initial alignment errors. We design uncertainty quantization for both the LiDAR odometry measurement and the map-matching measurement. Furthermore, we design an adaptive decision mechanism that selectively triggers the map-matching module based on the quantified uncertainty of these measurements. This mechanism achieves a balance between resource consumption and localization accuracy while also being capable of detecting and discarding erroneous data, thus improving the overall localization reliability. Our proposed method is extensively evaluated on both public datasets and our own field-collected data. The result indicates that our method can achieve highly accurate localization in practical scenarios.
Long-Term Research in the Luquillo Mountains: Synthesis and Foundations for the Future

Author(s): Willig, MR; Bloch, CP; Covich, AP; Hall, CAS; Jean Lodge, D; Lugo, AE; Silver, WL; Waide, RB; Walker, LR; Zimmerman, JK | Abstract: © 2012 by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. This chapter examines the causal relationship between disturbance, succession, and ecological changes by considering the biotic feedback mechanisms. It also provides an outline of rippling effects of natural phenomena, agricultural clearings, river flooding, and human-induced disturbances to the Luquillo Mountains and other tropical ecosystems in the world. In this regard, this chapter describes the intellectual and societal motivations that have influenced people to further the forecast of the ecological changes over time.
A novel thermo‐mechanically coupled material model for glass above the glass transition temperature

Thin glass products have a giant field of application in several engineering branches such as for example, electronics, medical equipment, and the automotive industry. The non‐isothermal glass molding is a novel replicative glass processing technology enabling the realization of a cost‐efficient production of surface shapes with high accuracy and complexity. However, the application of this technology to thin glass production still causes shape distortions, cracks, and surface defects in molded parts. Therefore, these glass‐forming processes should be simulated by means of the combination of experimental investigation and mechanical modeling of glass above the glass transition temperature at finite strains. Previous experimental studies have shown that the Maxwell model is a reasonable approach for an appropriate prediction of the material behavior. Based on this viscoelastic formulation, a thermo‐mechanically consistent material law is used enabling the prediction of rheological effects noticed during the experiments. More specifically, the relaxation behavior can be described by a stress‐dependent relaxation time and the dissipation generated is considered as well. Furthermore, isothermal uniaxial compression tests above the glass transition temperature are conducted for different strain rates and temperatures within the experimental investigation. Combining the experimental data with the simulation, a multi‐curve‐fitting leads to suitable material parameters with respect to distinct temperatures employing a nonlinear optimization.
Investigating the lithospheric velocity structures beneath the Taiwan region by nonlinear joint inversion of local and teleseismic P wave data: Slab continuity and deflection

The interaction between two flipping subduction systems shapes the complicated lithospheric structures and dynamics around the Taiwan region. Whether and in what form the Eurasian Plate subducts/deforms under Taiwan Island is critical to the debate of tectonic models. Although an east dipping high‐velocity anomaly down to a depth below 200 km has been reported previously, its detailed morphology remains uncertain and leads to different interpretations. With a two‐step strategy of nonlinear joint inversion, the slab images of the Eurasian Plate were retrieved in a geometry that is hyperthin in the south, becoming massive and steeper in the central, and severely deformed in the north. The possible depth and dimension of a slab break were also investigated through synthetic tests of whether the slab had torn. Moreover, the slab deflection found at ~23.2°N latitude seems to correspond to where the nonvolcanic tremors and recent NW‐SE striking structures have occurred in southern Taiwan.