Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR3 Associates with the Histone Deacetylase HDA15 in Repression of Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Photosynthesis in Etiolated Arabidopsis Seedlings[W][OA]

PIF3 recruits HDA15 to repress chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis gene expression in etiolated seedlings, suggesting that epigenetic regulation is critical for phytochrome- and PIF3-regulated light signal transduction. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism underlying photomorphogenesis in plants. PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR3 (PIF3) is a key basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor of Arabidopsis thaliana that negatively regulates light responses, repressing chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and photomorphogenesis in the dark. However, the mechanism for the PIF3-mediated transcription regulation remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that the REDUCED POTASSIUM DEPENDENCY3/HISTONE DEACETYLASE1-type histone deacetylase HDA15 directly interacted with PIF3 in vivo and in vitro. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis revealed that HDA15 acts mainly as a transcriptional repressor and negatively regulates chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis gene expression in etiolated seedlings. HDA15 and PIF3 cotarget to the genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis in the dark and repress gene expression by decreasing the acetylation levels and RNA Polymerase II–associated transcription. The binding of HDA15 to the target genes depends on the presence of PIF3. In addition, PIF3 and HDA15 are dissociated from the target genes upon exposure to red light. Taken together, our results indicate that PIF3 associates with HDA15 to repress chlorophyll biosynthetic and photosynthetic genes in etiolated seedlings.
The effect of piano lessons on the vocabulary and verbal sequencing skills of primary grade students

A number of studies have reported positive associations between music experience and increased abilities in non-musical (e.g., linguistic, mathematical, and spatial) domains in children. These transfer effects continue to be probed using a variety of experimental designs. The major aim of this quasi-experimental study was to examine the effects of a scaffolded music instruction program on the vocabulary and verbal sequencing skills of two cohorts of second-grade students. One group (n = 46) studied piano formally for a period of three consecutive years as part of a comprehensive instructional intervention program. The second group (n = 57) had no exposure to music lessons, either in school programs or private study. Both groups were assessed on two subtests from the Structure of Intellect (SOI) measure. Results revealed that the experimental group had significantly better vocabulary and verbal sequencing scores at post-test than did the control group. Data from this study will help to clarify the role of music study on cognition and shed light on the question of the potential of music to enhance school performance in language and literacy.
Use of Free Responses and Cluster Analysis to Determine Stereotypes of Eight Groups

A two-part study contrasted the utility of free-response and checklist methodologies for ascertaining ethnic and gender stereotypes. Descriptions of data collection, organization, and cluster and entropy analyses are provided. Results indicate that important differences emerge between data resulting from free-response methodology and those obtained with traditionally employed adjective checklists. These differences include the generation of a large percentage of physical descriptors and within-ethnic-group gender differences in stereotype content. A major finding is the generation of a large number of distinct responses coupled with low-frequency use of any particular response. Study 2 specifically examined whether free-response data are more schematic than checklist data. Results indicate that free-response data have a greater dependency and may thus be indicative of schematic response. This schematic response may, in turn, indicate more automatic processing than is evident with data from checklist methodologies.
Documenting The Crime of Cuba: An Américan Left and the 1933 Cuban Revolution

This article examines the cultural exchange between members of the US Old Left and Cuban Generación del 30 in the context of the 1933 Cuban revolution. US and Cuban radicals agitated for a “new Cuba” in their enlistment of proletarian art and class warfare using modernist devices. Documentary was the primary genre by which to exhibit revolution using a blend of oppositional politics and aesthetic experimentation. In transit were Clifford Odets, John Dos Passos, Walker Evans, Juan Marinello, and Pablo de la Torriente Brau, and journals, periodicals, pamphlets, and photographs where one found documentary to be the favored genre that offered the reader/viewer backstage access to horrific Cuban realities. Carleton Beals’s The Crime of Cuba (1933) is the preeminent documentary text in this oeuvre. But in purporting to discover the “truth” of Cuban conditions, the popular tome also discloses how documentary became another way to reinscribe Cuban alterity by well-intentioned northern radicals, thereby exposing inexorable divides in these gainful exchanges.
Translational Inhibition in Vitro of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 L2 mRNA Mediated through Interaction with Heterogenous Ribonucleoprotein K and Poly(rC)-binding Proteins 1 and 2*

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 belongs to the group of “high risk” HPV types that are frequently detected in anogenital cancers. The expression of HPV-16 late genes encoding the virus capsid proteins L1 and L2 is restricted to terminally differentiated epithelial cells in the superficial layers of the squamous epithelium. We have previously identified negative elements in the 3′ end of L2 RNA that act in cis to reduce mRNA utilization without substantially affecting mRNA levels. The experiments reported here demonstrate the interaction of cellular proteins with an inhibitory sequence present in the coding region of the L2 mRNA. Using RNA gel shift assays and UV cross-linking, we have detected three cellular proteins interacting specifically with the sense strand of the L2 mRNA, two of which were identified as heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) and the poly(rC) binding- protein (PCBP). Recombinant hnRNP K, PCBP-1, and PCBP-2 that were over expressed in bacteria and partially purified bound to the HPV-16 L2 mRNA in a sequence-specific manner. Interestingly, PCBP-1, PCBP-2, and hnRNP K specifically and efficiently inhibited translation of the HPV-16 L2 mRNA in vitro. Therefore, these proteins may play an important role in the regulation of HPV-16 late gene expression and virus production in vivo.
Providing quality of service guarantees without per-flow state

Two approaches have been proposed to improve the quality of service provided by the Internet: integrated services and differentiated services. Integrated services requires per-flow state at each router On the other hand, differentiated services does not require per-flow state, but provides a lower level of quality of service. We present a protocol which provides quality of service similar to that provided by integrated services, but without maintaining per-flow state. To accomplish this, both the signaling protocol and the packet scheduling protocol must function without per-flow state. Our signaling protocol maintains only a constant amount of state at each router In addition, it is accurate, and it is resilient to process and link failures. Our scheduling protocol is a combination of the dynamic packet state technique and flow aggregation techniques. This approach combines the strengths of both techniques and eliminates their weaknesses. Furthermore, our approach is applicable across multiple domains.
A Model Linking Diverse Women’s Child Sexual Abuse History With Sexual Risk Taking

The purpose of our study was to examine the role that child sexual abuse may play in body surveillance and sexual risk behaviors among undergraduate women. First, a measured variable path analysis was conducted, which assessed the relations among a history of child sexual abuse, body surveillance, and sexual risk behaviors. Furthermore, body shame, sexual self-efficacy, and alexithymia were examined as intervening variables. Second, a multigroup path analysis was conducted comparing the hypothesized models applied to data from 556 ethnically diverse women. Within the overall model, results revealed that a history of child sexual abuse and body surveillance were not related to one another, but both variables were directly related to sexual risk behaviors. Moreover, body shame mediated the relationship between body surveillance and alexithymia, and alexithymia mediated the relationship between body shame and sexual self-efficacy. Child sexual abuse history was related directly with body shame and alexithymia. Results from the multigroup path analysis revealed that the model was invariant between African American and White women, although one difference emerged: body surveillance significantly predicted alexithymia in White, but not African American, women. Furthermore, White, Asian/Pacific Islander, and Hispanic/Latina women demonstrated more body shame than African American women, and White women endorsed higher levels of sexual self-efficacy than African American and Asian/Pacific Islander women. Counseling interventions that seek to decrease alexithymic symptoms, body surveillance, and body shame, while also increasing sexual self-efficacy, seem especially warranted.
The Replisome-Coupled E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Rtt101Mms22 Counteracts Mrc1 Function to Tolerate Genotoxic Stress

Faithful DNA replication and repair requires the activity of cullin 4-based E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRL4), but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The budding yeast Cul4 homologue, Rtt101, in complex with the linker Mms1 and the putative substrate adaptor Mms22 promotes progression of replication forks through damaged DNA. Here we characterized the interactome of Mms22 and found that the Rtt101Mms22 ligase associates with the replisome progression complex during S-phase via the amino-terminal WD40 domain of Ctf4. Moreover, genetic screening for suppressors of the genotoxic sensitivity of rtt101Δ cells identified a cluster of replication proteins, among them a component of the fork protection complex, Mrc1. In contrast to rtt101Δ and mms22Δ cells, mrc1Δ rtt101Δ and mrc1Δ mms22Δ double mutants complete DNA replication upon replication stress by facilitating the repair/restart of stalled replication forks using a Rad52-dependent mechanism. Our results suggest that the Rtt101Mms22 E3 ligase does not induce Mrc1 degradation, but specifically counteracts Mrc1’s replicative function, possibly by modulating its interaction with the CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) complex at stalled forks.
African American Women and Eating Disturbances: A Meta-Analysis

Eating disturbances are often portrayed as a problem found mainly among White women and nearly absent among African American women. The relationship between ethnicity and eating disturbances is examined using meta-analysis. Data from 18 studies were included to examine the overall relationship between ethnicity and eating disturbances and the specific relationship between African American women and White women. Although White women had a greater risk of eating disturbances than African American women as a group, the effect size was notably small. Specifically, White women had a slightly greater risk for all eating disturbances combined than African American women. African American women did not differ significantly from White women in their risk for bulimia and binge-eating disorder. Implications are discussed.
Beyond DNA puffs: What can we learn from studying sciarids?

Summary: Members of the Sciaridae family attracted the interest of researchers because of the demonstration that the DNA puff regions, which are formed in the salivary gland polytene chromosomes at the end of the fourth larval instar, constitute sites of developmentally regulated gene amplification. Besides contributing to a deeper understanding of the process of gene amplification, the study of sciarids has also provided important insights on other biological processes such as sex determination, programmed cell death, insect immunity, telomere maintenance, and nucleolar organizing regions (NOR) formation. Open questions in sciarids include among others, early development, the role of noncoding RNAs in gene amplification and the relationship between gene amplification and transcription in DNA puff forming regions. These and other questions can now be pursued with next generation sequencing techniques and experiments using RNAi experiments, since this latter technique has been shown to be feasible in sciarids. These new perspectives in the field of sciarid biology open the opportunity to consolidate sciarid species as important emerging models. genesis 54:361–378, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Admissions to a pediatric intensive care unit for status epilepticus: A 10‐year experience

ObjectiveTo characterize the etiology, course, and prognosis in children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) for status epilepticus. DesignRetrospective, descriptive study. SettingPediatric ICU in a university hospital. PatientsOne hundred forty-seven children admitted with status epilepticus. InterventionsNone. Measurements and Main ResultsStatus epilepticus was defined as a prolonged (>30 mins) or repeated tonic or tonic-clonic seizure with a persistent altered state of consciousness. Over 10 yrs, 147 children 0 to 16 yrs of age (median 1; mean 3.4 ± 3.9 [SD]) were admitted to a pediatric ICU for, or with, 153 episodes of status epilepticus. Status epilepticus was caused most often by epilepsy (n = 52), atypical febrile convulsions (n = 21), bacterial meningitis (n = 20), encephalitis (n = 20), intoxication (n = 8), or a metabolic disorder (n = 12). Two infants, 1 and 3 months of age, and a patient with intoxication by isponiazid, responded to pyridoxine. Among 114 previously normal children, 34 patients displayed a new neurologic problem on discharge from the ICU, among whom, 68% (23/34) still had some neurologic abnormality 1 yr after the episode of status epilepticus. Nine patients died during their ICU stay, mostly from underlying disease rather than from the status epilepticus itself. A normal neurologic status before status epilepticus and age >4 yrs seem to be markers of good prognosis, while encephalitis and meningitis appear to be markers for morbidity and mortality. ConclusionsMost cases of status epilepticus were caused by epilepsy, atypical febrile seizure, encephalitis, meningitis, or metabolic disease. The mortality rate during the ICU stay was 6%. The prognosis was good in most surviving cases, more so if the neurologic development of the child was normal before the status epilepticus. (Crit Care Med 1994; 22:827–832)
Obstructive sleep apnoea in adults

#### Case scenario A 50 year old long distance lorry driver attends for a review of his heavy goods vehicle licence. His body mass index is 30, and he says his wife complains that he snores loudly. The history of loud snoring in this overweight man should raise concern about possible obstructive sleep apnoea. As he is a lorry driver this diagnosis is particularly important. Obstructive sleep apnoea is characterised by snoring, recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep (apnoeas and hypopnoeas), and arousals. The resulting sleep disturbance can cause excessive and disabling daytime sleepiness. The term obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is used for people who have features of obstructive sleep apnoea on a sleep study and also have resulting daytime sleepiness. #### How common is it?
Exploring the Unknown

Empirical studies have found that participation in international service increases learners’ intercultural competence, language skills, appreciation of cultural differences, and tolerance for ambiguity. While previous studies suggest that international service experience is potentially transformative in nature, the present study examined international service experience and explored the factors that encourage transformation. Based on transformative learning and social psychology, the theoretical framework of the present study included three perspectives: environment–person interaction, schema adjustment, and the Johari Window. Data were obtained from 10 international service participants by observation, semistructured interviews, and written documents. Analysis of the data identified three components that enhanced transformation through environment–person interaction in cross-cultural settings: exploring the unknown world, relearning from the basic levels, and the unknown self revealed.
Multilevel Statistical Inference From Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Data During Stroop Interference

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging technique for monitoring the concentration changes of oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin (oxy-Hb and deoxy-Hb) in the brain. An important consideration in fNIRS-based neuroimaging modality is to conduct group-level analysis from a set of time series measured from a group of subjects. We investigate the feasibility of multilevel statistical inference for fNIRS. As a case study, we search for hemodynamic activations in the prefrontal cortex during Stroop interference. Hierarchical general linear model (GLM) is used for making this multilevel analysis. Activation patterns both at the subject and group level are investigated on a comparative basis using various classical and Bayesian inference methods. All methods showed consistent left lateral prefrontal cortex activation for oxy-Hb during interference condition, while the effects were much less pronounced for deoxy-Hb. Our analysis showed that mixed effects or Bayesian models are more convenient for faithful analysis of fNIRS data. We arrived at two important conclusions. First, fNIRS has the capability to identify activations at the group level, and second, the mixed effects or Bayesian model is the appropriate mechanism to pass from subject to group-level inference.
Dietary Probiotic Bacillus subtilis Strain fmbj Increases Antioxidant Capacity and Oxidative Stability of Chicken Breast Meat during Storage

This study was aimed to measure the dietary effects of probiotic Bacillus subtilis strain fmbj (BS fmbj) on antioxidant capacity and oxidative stability of chicken breast meat during storage. Treatment groups were fed the basal diet with BS fmbj at 0 g/kg (CON), 0.2 g/kg (BS-1), 0.3 g/kg (BS-2), or 0.4 g/kg (BS-3) doses without antibiotics. During 8 days of storage at 4°C, BS-2 group showed a significant improvement (P < 0.05) on meat quality (pH, Drip loss, Cooking loss, Shear force, color L*, a*, b*), free radical scavenging activity (DPPH, ABTS+, H2O2), tissues antioxidant enzyme capacity (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GSH, T-SH), mitochondria antioxidant enzyme capacity (MnSOD, GPx, GSH), mRNA expression of antioxidant genes (Nrf2, HO-1, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) and mitochondrial function genes (avUCP, NRF1, NRF2, TFAM, PGC-1α), oxidative damage index (MDA, ROS, PC, 8-OHdG), and MMP level in chicken breast meat as compared to the CON group. These results indicate that dietary BS fmbj in broiler diets can protect breast meat against the storage-induced oxidative stress by improving their free radical scavenging capacity and antioxidant activity during 8 days of storage at 4°C.
Underuse of spirometry by general practitioners for the diagnosis of COPD in Italy.

BACKGROUND The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) underlines that spirometry is the gold standard as the most reproducible, standardised, and objective way of measuring airflow limitation in the diagnosis and assessment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). However, studies undertaken in different countries have suggested a widespread underuse of spirometry by general practitioners to establish the diagnosis of COPD. Precise estimates of the prevalence of physician-diagnosed COPD in Italy are not currently available. In collaboration with the Italian Academy of General practitioners (SIMG) we have investigated the degree of use of spirometry to establish the diagnosis of COPD in Italy. METHODS A standardised questionnaire has been self-administered to a sample of 2425 Italian general practitioners (representing 5% of all the Italian doctors involved in general practice). They have been chosen to cover each of the Italian counties. RESULTS The prevalence of physician-diagnosed COPD was found to be approximately 4%. However, 30% of general practitioners do not use spirometry to establish the diagnosis of COPD. The main reasons given for the failure to use spirometry are (i) that spirometry is not necessary for the diagnosis of COPD or (ii) there are logistical limitations to the access of the patients to lung function laboratories. CONCLUSIONS This data suggests that contrary to GOLD Guidelines, in Italy, as with other countries, spirometry is not always used in the diagnosis of COPD. There is a clear necessity for further education initiatives targeted to this group of physicians.
Memory, emotions and rock 'n' roll: The influence of music in advertising, on brand and endorser perception

This study addresses the extent to which music is capable of modifying the consumer's perception of the endorser and the brand. A sample of 540 subjects was exposed on random to one of four versions of an experimental radio commercial for a fictitious brand of mineral water differing only in the selection of the background music. The results indicate that music in advertising can significantly influence the perception of the brand endorser, and that the impressions of the brand could be manipulated by means of specific music pieces. The findings of the study also emphasize the effect of music in advertising on emotional reactions and memories evoked. Implications for advertising practitioners are discussed. Key words: Music in advertising, memory, emotional reactions, brand perception, endorser impression, brand conditioning, brand attitude.
A Laboratory Study of a Multi-Level Trust Game with Communication

This experimental study explores how communication influences efficiency, trust and trustworthiness in a small group when one member is left out of communication. To study this problem, we introduce a novel three-player trust game where player 1 can send any portion of his endowment to player 2. The amount sent gets tripled. Player 2 decides how much to send to player 3. The amount is again tripled, and player 3 then decides the allocation among the three players. The baseline treatment with no communication shows that on average players 1 and 2 send significant amounts and player 3 reciprocates even though all players are randomly regrouped every period. When we add communication between players 2 and 3, the amounts sent and returned between these two increase. The interesting finding is that there are external effects of communication: player 1 who is outside communication sends 60% more and receives 140% more than in the no communication treatment. As a result, social welfare and efficiency increase from 48% to 73%.