Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Direct Correlation between Rates of Anaerobic Respiration and Levels of mRNA for Key Respiratory Genes in Geobacter sulfurreducens

ABSTRACT The predominance of Geobacter species in environments in which Fe(III) reduction is important has suggested that Fe(III) reduction rates might be estimated in Geobacter-dominated environments by assessing in situ activity with molecular techniques. To determine whether mRNA levels of key respiratory genes might be correlated with respiration rates in Geobacter sulfurreducens, studies were conducted with fumarate as the electron acceptor and acetate as the limiting electron donor in anaerobic continuous cultures. Levels of mRNA for a fumarate reductase gene, frdA, quantified by real-time reverse transcription-PCR were directly correlated with fumarate reduction rates. In similar studies with Fe(III) as the electron acceptor, mRNA levels for omcB, a gene for an outer membrane c-type cytochrome involved in Fe(III) reduction, were positively correlated with Fe(III) reduction rates. Levels of mRNA for frdA and omcB were also positively correlated with fumarate and Fe(III) reduction rates, respectively, when growth was limited by the availability of fumarate or Fe(III), but mRNA levels were higher than in acetate-limited cultures. Levels of mRNA for omcC, which encodes a c-type cytochrome highly similar to OmcB but not necessary for Fe(III) reduction, followed patterns different than those of omcB. This agrees with the previous finding that OmcC is not involved in Fe(III) reduction and suggests that changes in mRNA levels of omcB are related to its role in Fe(III) reduction. These results demonstrate that mRNA levels for respiratory genes might be used to estimate in situ Fe(III) reduction rates in Geobacter-dominated environments but suggest that information on environmental conditions and/or the metabolic state of Geobacter species is also required for accurate rate estimates.
Abscisic acid alleviates iron deficiency by promoting root iron reutilization and transport from root to shoot in Arabidopsis.

Abscisic acid (ABA) has been demonstrated to be involved in iron (Fe) homeostasis, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we found that Fe deficiency induced ABA accumulation rapidly (within 6 h) in the roots of Arabidopsis. Exogenous ABA at 0.5 μM decreased the amount of root apoplastic Fe bound to pectin and hemicellulose, and increased the shoot Fe content significantly, thus alleviating Fe deficiency-induced chlorosis. Exogenous ABA promoted the secretion of phenolics to release apoplastic Fe and up-regulated the expression of AtNRAMP3 to enhance reutilization of Fe stored in the vacuoles, leading to a higher level of soluble Fe and lower ferric-chelate reductase (FCR) activity in roots. Treatment with ABA also led to increased Fe concentrations in the xylem sap, partially because of the up-regulation of AtFRD3, AtYSL2 and AtNAS1, genes related to long-distance transport of Fe. Exogenous ABA could not alleviate the chlorosis of abi5 mutant resulting from the significantly low expression of AtYSL2 and low transport of Fe from root to shoot. Taken together, our data support the conclusion that ABA is involved in the reutilization and transport of Fe from root to shoot under Fe deficiency conditions in Arabidopsis.
Family and Social Relationships and Psychosocial Well-Being in Italian Families With Internationally Adopted and Non-Adopted Children

This study compared mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of family and social relationships (marital relationship quality and social support) and psychosocial well-being (self-esteem, anxiety, child-rearing stress, and satisfaction) in adoptive and non-adoptive families. Participants were 163 Italian international adoptive and 195 non-adoptive couples (mothers and fathers) with children aged between 7 and 11. Adoptive parents reported a higher marital relationship quality, more social support, and better well-being than the non-adoptive parents. Moreover, in both adoptive and non-adoptive families fathers were less anxious than their wives and mothers relied on a broader social network.
Development of Topography within Song Control Circuitry of Zebra Finches during the Sensitive Period for Song Learning

Refinement of topographic maps during sensitive periods of development is a characteristic feature of diverse sensory and motor circuits in the nervous system. Within the neural system that controls vocal learning and behavior in zebra finches, axonal connections of the cortical nucleus lMAN demonstrate striking functional and morphological changes during vocal development in juvenile males. These circuits are uniquely important for song production during the sensitive period for vocal learning, and the overall size of these brain regions and their patterns of axonal connectivity undergo dramatic growth and regression during this time. Axonal connections to and from lMAN are topographically organized in adult males that have already learned song. We wondered whether the large-scale changes seen in lMAN circuitry during the time that vocal behavior is being learned and refined could be accompanied by the emergence of topographic mapping. However, results presented herein demonstrate that most of these song-control circuits show the same broad patterns of axonal connectivity between subregions of individual nuclei at the onset of song learning as seen in adult birds. Thus, coarse topographic organization is not dependent on the types of experience that are crucial for vocal learning. Furthermore, this maintenance of topographic organization throughout the period of song learning is clearly not achieved by maintenance of static axonal arbors. In fact, because the volumes of song-control nuclei are growing (or regressing), topography must be maintained by active remodeling of axonal arbors to adapt to the changes in overall size of postsynaptic targets. A salient exception to this pattern of conserved topography is the projection from lMAN to the motor cortical region RA: this pathway is diffusely organized at the onset of song learning but undergoes substantial refinement during early stages of song learning, suggesting that remodeling of axonal connections within this projection during the period of vocal learning may signify the production of increasingly refined vocal utterances.
Application of radiofrequency treatment in low back pain from different origins and mechanisms

Chronic low back pain (LBP) has become a main cause of absenteeism and disability in industrialized societies and is a major health problem with enormous economic and costs (Andersson, 1999). As many as 80% of adults experience at least one episode of LBP during their lifetime. Only 5% of patients suffering from chronic LBP can find a specific cause such as disc herniation, spondylolisthesis, discitis or spondylitis. No definite evident causes were found in 95% patients with low back pain (Schwarze et al., 1995a, 1995b).
ProCKSi : A Meta-Server for Protein Comparison using Kolmogorov and other Similarity Measures

Motivation: There are many biologically meaningful definitions of protein similarity, and, as this problem is both important and challenging new comparison techniques are constantly being developed and refined. Rather than arbitrarly choosing one comparison technique in detriment of another one we have collected in one unique web server a variety of similarity assessment methods. In this paper we introduce the ProCKSi server for Protein Comparison using Kolmogorov and other Similarity measures. It compares protein structures using a variety of methods, namely the universal similarity metric (USM), a fast metaheuristic that computes the maximum contact map overlap (MAX-CMO), and it also harvests results from external servers. Based on this diverse set of similarity measures, ProCKSi computes a consensus similarity profile for the entire protein set. All results can be clustered, visualised, analysed and easily compared with each other through a simple and intuitive interface. Results: ProCKSi’s core technologies are demonstrated on the Chew-Kedem dataset and recent CASP results where candidate predictions are ranked versus their structural similarity to the target. We find that ProCKSi provides a very intuitive to use interface that allows for the easy creation of consensus similarity assessments that are good at ranking CASP (and others) data sets. Availability: The webserver is availableat http://www.procksi. net. Contact: {natalio.krasnogor, daniel.barthel}@cs.nott. ac.uk
Sport Broadcasting: How to Maximize the Rating Figures

This article analyzed how the profile of the teams and quality of the matches influence the rating figures during the broadcasting of live soccer matches. It confirmed that national teams (Rosenborg in this case) are especially popular, but also that other teams can be extremely popular (Manchester United and Liverpool in this case)-independent of the viewers geographical origin. When such teams are eliminated from a tournament-or do not even qualify-this can hit the TV channels financially. The data also revealed that even if soccer matches attract high rating figures, this is no guarantee that the prematch sections will also attract high rating figures. The median viewer of Champions League matches started to watch when the match was about to start, and thus did not take any interest in the prematch commercials. Hence, the optimal solution for profit maximizing channels may be to start the program shortly before the match. If there are few who watch the long prematch and postmatch sections, then the alt.
Analysis of peer-assisted video-on-demand systems with scalable video streams

In recent years, peer-to-peer (P2P) and peer-assisted streaming have emerged as promising models for low-cost multimedia distribution to large scale user communities. In this paper, we study streaming of scalable video streams over these systems. Scalable video streams are composed of multiple layers and can easily be adapted according to the characteristics and needs of receivers. Thus, they can efficiently support a wide spectrum of heterogeneous peers participating in a P2P streaming system. We present an analytical model for forecasting the long-term behavior of a P2P streaming system with scalable video streams. Our analysis takes as inputs the characteristics of a dynamic P2P streaming system and the video streams. It then analytically computes the expected throughput of the streaming system and the expected video quality delivered to peers. The analysis also provides an upper bound on the maximum number of peers that can be admitted to the system at once (i.e., in flash crowd scenarios), while ensuring a certain video quality. We present a general analysis framework that can be customized to various practical P2P streaming systems with different characteristics. Then, we show the detailed analysis of a typical P2P streaming system and we explain how other systems can be analyzed using our model. We validate our analysis by comparing its results to those obtained from simulations, which confirm the accuracy of our analysis. Our analysis and simulations enable administrators of P2P streaming systems to predict the throughput and the video quality that can be delivered to users.
Distributed Attitude Coordination Control for Spacecraft Formation Flying

A distributed attitude coordination control scheme using terminal sliding mode (TSM) is proposed for a group of spacecraft in the presence of external disturbances. A novel fast terminal sliding manifold is presented, and a robust control term based on the hyperbolic tangent function is employed to suppress bounded external disturbances. The finite-time stability of the overall closed-loop system is guaranteed by a Lyapunov-based approach, and numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller.
T R ] 1 5 Ju l 2 01 0 Empirical Limitations on High Frequency Trading Profitability

Addressing the ongoing controversy over aggressive highfrequency trading practices in financial markets, we report the results of an extensive empirical study estimating the maximum possible profitability of such practices, and arrive at figures that are surprisingly modest. Our findings highlight the tension between execution costs and trading horizon confronted by high-frequency traders, and provide a controlled and large-scale empirical perspective on the high-frequency debate that has heretofore been absent. Our study employs a number of novel empirical methods, including the simulation of an “omniscient” high-frequency trader who can see the future and act accordingly.
Cropland Capture - A Game for Improving Global Cropland Maps

Current satellite-derived global land-cover products, which are crucial for many modelling and monitoring applications, show large disagreements when compared with each another. To help improve global land cover (in particular the cropland class), we developed a game called Cropland Capture. This is a simple cross-platform game for collecting image classifications that will be used to develop and validate global cropland maps in the future. In this paper, we describe the game design of Cropland Capture in detail, including aspects such as simplicity,efficiency in data collection and what mechanisms were implemented to ensure data quality.We also discuss the impact of incentives on attracting and sustaining players in the game.
Overcoming the Odds: High Risk Children from Birth to Adulthood.

This study was a follow-up study of a 1955 cohort of births (614 births) on Kauai island in Hawaii. Follow-up was conducted at birth age one and two years age 10 years age 18 years and 31-32 years. The final sample in adulthood was 505 persons. The sample population was comprised of three ethnic groups (Japanese Filipino and part and full Hawaiian) and 54% grew up in poverty. Births were scored for complications as mild moderate or severe. The interviews conducted with mothers postpartum and at one and two years focused on maternal educational level socioeconomic status and family stability; environmental setting was evaluated as favorable to unfavorable on a five-point scale. The 10 year evaluation assessed school work and school behavioral problems mental abilities and stressful life events and illnesses occurring over the preceding 8 years. The home environment was evaluated on the level of educational stimulation emotional support and socioeconomic status. At 18 years a psychological inventory of self-assurance and interpersonal adequacy was conducted and community records were checked for serious mental health or criminal problems. Quality of life of the home environment was also assessed. The follow-up at age 31-32 years assessed the quality of adult adaptation from community records and interview questions which were self-evaluations of personal success satisfaction with family and social life and psychological well-being. Most of the sample led ordinary lives. Some of the stressful life events in childhood and adolescence were associated with coping problems in adulthood.
Indolent mantle cell leukemia: a clinicopathological variant characterized by isolated lymphocytosis, interstitial bone marrow involvement, kappa light chain restriction, and good prognosis

Background Cases of mantle cell lymphoma with indolent behavior have been reported, but are poorly identified by current clinical risk models. Early studies found peripheral blood involvement to be an adverse prognostic factor; however, cases of a seemingly indolent variant of mantle cell lymphoma, characterized by peripheral blood involvement and minimal nodal disease, have been incompletely described, particularly with regard to bone marrow findings. We report a series of leukemic phase mantle cell lymphomas with a non-progressive or slowly progressive course. Design and Methods Cases presenting with mantle cell lymphoma limited to the peripheral blood/bone marrow from 2000–2010 were identified. Diagnoses were established by morphology, flow cytometric analysis and requisite evidence of IGH-CCND1@ by fluorescence in-situ hybridization or t(11;14)(q13;q32) by cytogenetics. Patients with lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and gastrointestinal symptomatology were excluded. Results Patients (n=8, median age 60.5 years) were asymptomatic with mild lymphocytosis (8.7×109/L; range, 4.5–14.2×109/L) and cytology typical of mantle cell lymphoma. Flow cytometric analysis showed that all expressed CD5, CD19, CD20, variable CD23, and a striking kappa immunoglobulin light chain restriction (7/8 cases). Bone marrow biopsy at diagnosis showed interstitial single or small lymphoid aggregates with similar patterns of CD20 and cyclin D1 immunostaining which were not readily discernable by hematoxylin and eosin stain. SOX11 was negative (4/5) or only weakly expressed (1/5). The median follow-up was 27 months (range, 5–109 months) and all patients, but one, are alive with no clinical evidence of disease. The prevalence of indolent mantle cell lymphoma presenting only with lymphocytosis, among all mantle cell lymphomas diagnosed during the same period, was 3%. Conclusions Leukemic mantle cell lymphoma limited to blood and bone marrow is an indolent variant characterized by mild-moderate lymphocytosis, interstitial low-level bone marrow involvement, simple karyotype, kappa light chain expression, cyclin D1 expression with lack of SOX11, and slow or absent clinical progression. Some cases may represent a mantle cell lymphoma counterpart to chronic lymphocytic leukemia – phenotype monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. Recognition of this variant could inform treatment decisions and possibly avoid unnecessary treatment.
Disorder of personality: DSM-IV and beyond

Partial table of contents: CONCEPTUAL AND CLINICAL FOUNDATIONS. Personality Disorders: Issues, Principles, and Classification. Personality Development: Origins, Sequences, and Outcomes. Personality Therapy: Planning, Modalities, and Integration. PLEASURE--DEFICIENT PERSONALITIES. Avoidant Personality Disorders: The Withdrawn Pattern. INTERPERSONALLY--IMBALANCED PERSONALITIES. Histrionic Personality Disorders: The Gregarious Pattern. Narcissistic Personality Disorders: The Egotistic Pattern. INTRAPSYCHICALLY--CONFLICTED PERSONALITIES. Sadistic Personality Disorders: The Abusive Pattern. Masochistic Personality Disorders: The Aggrieved Pattern. STRUCTURALLY--DEFECTIVE PERSONALITIES. Borderline Personality Disorders: The Unstable Pattern. Decompensated Personality Disorders: The Terminal Pattern. References. Indexes.
Older mothers' experiences of postnatal depression : an interpretative phenomenological analysis

This study uses Interpretative Phenomenology Analysis to explore the lived experience of postnatal depression. The four participants, all aged 30 years or above at the birth of their first child, had never suffered from depression prior to the birth. Each was interviewed on two separate occasions, with a period of 4 to 6 months between interviews. The inductive approach of IPA sought to capture the richness and complexity of participants’ lived emotional world. Six superordinate themes emerged from the interviews: striving to be a perfect mother; feeling a failure; being sucked dry; shame of the others gaze; feeling stuck and overwhelmed and becoming lost. Participants sacrificed themselves in the hopeless pursuit of their own expectations of being the perfect mother and fulfilling all their child’s needs. Not wanting to appear inadequate to others, and desperate to make sense of what was happening to them, they continued to suffer in silence in a context of depleting resources and the loss of their former life, wellbeing and sense of self. The findings suggest that particular themes of postnatal depression exist within older mothers’ experiences. While such themes may be less relevant to younger mothers, their presence suggests a tailored treatment approach for older first-time mothers with PND. Aspects of these findings can be found in previous postnatal depression research with primigravida and multigravida women of varying ages. In a situation where postnatal depression is the most common complication of childbearing in the UK, affecting between ten and fifteen percent of new mothers (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2014) and where the birth rate for women aged 30+ is growing faster than for any other age group in the UK, research that furthers understanding of the experience of postnatal depression for mothers in this age group can help guide interventions and support. (The words ‘postnatal depression’ and ‘postpartum depression’ are used interchangeably in this text).
A case for improved evaluation of query difficulty prediction

Query difficulty prediction aims to identify, in advance, how well an information retrieval system will perform when faced with a particular search request. The current standard evaluation methodology involves calculating a correlation coefficient, to indicate how strongly the predicted query difficulty is related with an actual system performance measure, usually Average Precision. We run a series of experiments based on predictors that have been shown to perform well in the literature, comparing these across different TREC runs. Our results demonstrate that the current evaluation methodology is severely limited. Although it can be used to demonstrate the performance of a predictor for a single system, such performance is not consistent over a variety of retrieval systems. We conclude that published results in the query difficulty area are generally not comparable, and recommend that prediction be evaluated against a spectrum of underlying search systems.
Aurora-C kinase supports mitotic progression in the absence of Aurora-B

Aurora family kinases regulate numerous mitotic processes, and their dysfunction or overexpression can cause aneuploidy, a contributing factor for tumorigenesis. In vertebrates, the Aurora-B kinase regulates kinetochore maturation, destabilization of improper kinetochore-microtubule attachments, the spindle assembly checkpoint, central spindle organization, and cytokinesis. A gene duplication event created the related Aurora-C kinase in mammals. While Aurora-C function is unclear, it has similar structural and localization properties as Aurora-B. Inhibition of either Aurora-B or Aurora-C function causes aneuploidy, while simultaneous inhibition of both causes a higher frequency of aneuploidy. To determine if Aurora-C and –B have overlapping or unique complementary functions during mitosis, we created a system where Aurora-B is replaced by wild-type or kinase-defective mutant Aurora-C in HeLa cells. In this model, Aurora-B protein levels and mitotic functions were suppressed including the regulation of kinetochore-microtubule attachments, the spindle assembly checkpoint, and cytokinesis. Wild-type, but not kinase-defective Aurora-C expression, was able to rescue these functions. Therefore, Aurora-C can perform these essential functions of Aurora-B in mitosis.
Allocation Cost Minimization for Periodic Hard Real-Time Tasks in Energy-Constrained DVS Systems

Energy-efficiency and power-awareness for electronic systems have been important design issues in hardware and software implementations. We consider the scheduling of periodic hard real-time tasks along with the allocation of processors under a given energy constraint. Each processor type could be associated with its allocation cost. The objective of this work is to minimize the entire allocation cost of processors so that the timing and energy constraints are both satisfied. We develop approximation algorithms for processor types with continuous processor speeds or discrete processor speeds. The capability of the proposed algorithms was evaluated by a series of experiments, and it was shown that the proposed algorithms always derived solutions with system costs close to those of optimal solutions in the experiments