Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semi-Targeted Profiling of the Lipidome Changes Induced by Erysiphe Necator in Disease-Resistant and Vitis vinifera L. Varieties

The ascomycete Erysiphe necator is a serious pathogen in viticulture. Despite the fact that some grapevine genotypes exhibit mono-locus or pyramided resistance to this fungus, the lipidomics basis of these genotypes’ defense mechanisms remains unknown. Lipid molecules have critical functions in plant defenses, acting as structural barriers in the cell wall that limit pathogen access or as signaling molecules after stress responses that may regulate innate plant immunity. To unravel and better understand their involvement in plant defense, we used a novel approach of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-MS/MS to study how E. necator infection changes the lipid profile of genotypes with different sources of resistance, including BC4 (Run1), “Kishmish vatkhana” (Ren1), F26P92 (Ren3; Ren9), and “Teroldego” (a susceptible genotype), at 0, 24, and 48 hpi. The lipidome alterations were most visible at 24 hpi for BC4 and F26P92, and at 48 hpi for “Kishmish vatkhana”. Among the most abundant lipids in grapevine leaves were the extra-plastidial lipids: glycerophosphocholine (PCs), glycerophosphoethanolamine (PEs) and the signaling lipids: glycerophosphates (Pas) and glycerophosphoinositols (PIs), followed by the plastid lipids: glycerophosphoglycerols (PGs), monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDGs), and digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDGs) and, in lower amounts lyso-glycerophosphocholines (LPCs), lyso-glycerophosphoglycerols (LPGs), lyso-glycerophosphoinositols (LPIs), and lyso-glycerophosphoethanolamine (LPEs). Furthermore, the three resistant genotypes had the most prevalent down-accumulated lipid classes, while the susceptible genotype had the most prevalent up-accumulated lipid classes.
How Visual Stimuli Evoked P300 is Transforming the Brain–Computer Interface Landscape: A PRISMA Compliant Systematic Review

Non-invasive Visual Stimuli evoked-EEG-based P300 BCIs have gained immense attention in recent years due to their ability to help patients with disability using BCI-controlled assistive devices and applications. In addition to the medical field, P300 BCI has applications in entertainment, robotics, and education. The current article systematically reviews 147 articles that were published between 2006-2021*. Articles that pass the pre-defined criteria are included in the study. Further, classification based on their primary focus, including article orientation, participants’ age groups, tasks given, databases, the EEG devices used in the studies, classification models, and application domain, is performed. The application-based classification considers a vast horizon, including medical assessment, assistance, diagnosis, applications, robotics, entertainment, etc. The analysis highlights an increasing potential for P300 detection using visual stimuli as a prominent and legitimate research area and demonstrates a significant growth in the research interest in the field of BCI spellers utilizing P300. This expansion was largely driven by the spread of wireless EEG devices, advances in computational intelligence methods, machine learning, neural networks and deep learning.
Dewetting rates of thin liquid films

We investigate the dewetting rates of thin liquid films using a lubrication model that describes the dewetting process of polymer melts on hydrophobized substrates. We study the effect of different boundary conditions at the liquid/solid interface, in particular, of the no-slip and the Navier slip boundary condition, and compare our numerical solutions for the no-slip and the slip-dominated cases to available results that originate from scaling arguments, simplified flow assumptions and energy balances. We furthermore consider these issues for an extended lubrication model that includes nonlinear curvature.
Quantifying Fractal Dynamics of Metallogenic Systems with Detrended Fluctuation Analysis

In this paper, we analysed fractional dynamics behavior in metallogenic elements grade series, using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), with the objective to explore and understand the underlying dynamic mechanism. Our results show that the metallogenic elements grade series are the scale invariance and the long-range correlation. As in the case of element grade dynamics, the DFA scaling exponents can be used to discriminate mineral intensity.
Interleukin-27-dependent transcriptome signatures during neonatal sepsis

Human newborns exhibit increased vulnerability and risk of mortality from infection that is consistent with key differences in the innate and adaptive immune responses relative to those in adult cells. We have previously shown an increase in the immune suppressive cytokine, IL-27, in neonatal cells and tissues from mice and humans. In a murine model of neonatal sepsis, mice deficient in IL-27 signaling exhibit reduced mortality, increased weight gain, and better control of bacteria with reduced systemic inflammation. To explore a reprogramming of the host response in the absence of IL-27 signaling, we profiled the transcriptome of the neonatal spleen during Escherichia coli-induced sepsis in wild-type (WT) and IL-27Rα-deficient (KO) mice. We identified 634 genes that were differentially expressed, and those most upregulated in WT mice were associated with inflammation, cytokine signaling, and G protein coupled receptor ligand binding and signaling. These genes failed to increase in the IL-27Rα KO mice. We further isolated an innate myeloid population enriched in macrophages from the spleens of control and infected WT neonates and observed similar changes in gene expression aligned with changes in chromatin accessibility. This supports macrophages as an innate myeloid population contributing to the inflammatory profile in septic WT pups. Collectively, our findings highlight the first report of improved pathogen clearance amidst a less inflammatory environment in IL-27Rα KO. This suggests a direct relationship between IL-27 signaling and bacterial killing. An improved response to infection that is not reliant upon heightened levels of inflammation offers new promise to the potential of antagonizing IL-27 as a host-directed therapy for neonates.
The effect of soursop‐flower‐enriched fried palm olein on some biochemical and hematological parameters of rats

Abstract This work set out to, first, assess the role of soursop flower extracts (SFE) in limiting palm olein oxidation during the production of plantain chips, before ascertaining the effect of these soursop‐flower‐enriched fried palm olein on some biochemical and hematological parameters of rats. The extracts were added to 1.5 kg of oil at 1000, 1400, and 1800 ppm, while BHT at 200 ppm served as a positive control (PO+BHT), and the oil without additives was the negative control (PO). The samples were subjected to 15 frying cycles. Total oxidation values varied between 5.94 ± 0.0 and 31.58 ± 0.37; 8.08 ± 0.25 and 28.24 ± 0.00 and 13.71 ± 0.24 and 42.71 ± 0.40 respectively for palm olein enriched with SFE, for PO+BHT and for PO. Twenty‐one groups each comprising five rats received, through dietary supplementation, oils subjected to 0, and 5, 10 and 15 frying cycles for a duration of 30 days. The alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase of rats fed with oils enriched with SFE at fresh states and at 5 frying cycles was comparable to that of the neutral control group (23.45 ± 2.65 and 93.10 ± 3.53 U/L) and lower than that of the negative control group (52.15 ± 2.01 and 124.07 ± 1.89 U/L). The HDL cholesterol of these animals was also comparable to that of the neutral control group (67.82 ± 4.06 mg/dl) and higher than that of the negative control group (50.25 ± 5.20 mg/dl). White blood cells and mean corpuscular volume of rats fed with fried olein previously enriched with SFE were lower than those fed with fried olein without additives. These extracts are recommended as natural antioxidants for the stabilization of palm olein.
THREE STEP ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS FOR GENERALIZED QUASIVARIATIONAL INCLUSIONS

In this paper, we suggest and analyze some new classes of three step iterative algorithms for solving generalized quasivari- ational inclusions by using the properties of proximal maps. Our results include the Ishikawa, Mann iterations for solving variational inclusions(inequalities) as special cases. The results obtained in this paper represent an improvement and signiflcant reflnement of previously known results (3, 5-8, 10, 14-18).
Diverse Marine T4-like Cyanophage Communities Are Primarily Comprised of Low-Abundance Species Including Species with Distinct Seasonal, Persistent, Occasional, or Sporadic Dynamics

Cyanophages exert important top-down controls on their cyanobacteria hosts; however, concurrent analysis of both phage and host populations is needed to better assess phage–host interaction models. We analyzed picocyanobacteria Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus and T4-like cyanophage communities in Pacific Ocean surface waters using five years of monthly viral and cellular fraction metagenomes. Cyanophage communities contained thousands of mostly low-abundance (<2% relative abundance) species with varying temporal dynamics, categorized as seasonally recurring or non-seasonal and occurring persistently, occasionally, or sporadically (detected in ≥85%, 15-85%, or <15% of samples, respectively). Viromes contained mostly seasonal and persistent phages (~40% each), while cellular fraction metagenomes had mostly sporadic species (~50%), reflecting that these sample sets capture different steps of the infection cycle—virions from prior infections or within currently infected cells, respectively. Two groups of seasonal phages correlated to Synechococcus or Prochlorococcus were abundant in spring/summer or fall/winter, respectively. Cyanophages likely have a strong influence on the host community structure, as their communities explained up to 32% of host community variation. These results support how both seasonally recurrent and apparent stochastic processes, likely determined by host availability and different host-range strategies among phages, are critical to phage–host interactions and dynamics, consistent with both the Kill-the-Winner and the Bank models.
Image-based bolt self-localization and bolt-loosening detection using deep learning and an improved homography-based prospective rectification method

The bolt loosening detection method has been paid attention by engineering and academic scholars. The presented methods only focus on the identification of the bolt based on deep learning, and the problem of bolt localization and the influence of shadow on distortion correction is seldom studied. In this paper, a bolt self-localization method based on YOLOv4 deep learning algorithm is proposed. A bolt numbering rule is established and the deep learning is introduced to identify the number and locate the bolt. A new square bolt gasket is proposed and four corner points are used for distortion correction. In order to reduce the influence of shadows, a grayscale enhancement strategy is proposed to improve the correction stability. Finally, a laboratory flange joint is used to verify the proposed method. The results show that the bolt self-localization method is feasible and the new bolt gasket can effectively improve the stability of distortion correction and bolt loosening detection.
Adequate dietary magnesium intake may protect females but not males older than 55 years from cognitive impairment

ABSTRACT Background Magnesium is an essential nutrient required to maintain brain health throughout life, and adequate magnesium intake is positively associated with cognitive performance in older adults. However, sex differences in magnesium metabolism have not been adequately assessed in humans. Objectives We investigated sex differences in the effect of dietary magnesium intake and the risk of different types of cognitive impairment in older Chinese adults. Methods We collected and assessed dietary data and cognitive function status in people aged 55 years and older in northern China who participated in the Community Cohort Study of Nervous System Diseases from 2018 to 2019 to explore the relationship between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of each type of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in sex-specific cohorts of older adults. Results The study included 612 people: 260 (42.5%) men and 352 (57.5%) women. Logistic regression results showed that for the total sample and women's sample, high dietary magnesium intake reduced the risk of amnestic MCI (ORtotal = 0.300; ORwomen = 0.190) and multidomain amnestic MCI (ORtotal = 0.225; ORwomen = 0.145). The results of restricted cubic spline analysis showed that the risk of amnestic MCI (ptotal = 0.0193; pwomen = 0.0351) and multidomain amnestic MCI (ptotal = 0.0089; pwomen = 0.0096) in the total sample and women's sample gradually decreased with increasing dietary magnesium intake. Conclusions The results suggest that adequate magnesium intake may have a preventive effect against the risk of MCI in older women.
Using Ballistocardiogram and Impedance Plethysmogram for Minimal Contact Measurement of Blood Pressure Based on a Body Weight-Fat Scale

Electronic health (eHealth) is a strategy to improve the physical and mental condition of a human, collecting daily physiological data and information from digital apparatuses. Body weight and blood pressure (BP) are the most popular and important physiological data. The goal of this study is to develop a minimal contact BP measurement method based on a commercial body weight-fat scale, capturing biometrics when users stand on it. The pulse transit time (PTT) is extracted from the ballistocardiogram (BCG) and impedance plethysmogram (IPG), measured by four strain gauges and four footpads of a commercial body weight-fat scale. Cuffless BP measurement using the electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) serves as the reference method. The BP measured by a commercial BP monitor is considered the ground truth. Twenty subjects participated in this study. By the proposed model, the root-mean-square errors and correlation coefficients (r2s) of estimated systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are 7.3 ± 2.1 mmHg and 4.5 ± 1.8 mmHg, and 0.570 ± 0.205 and 0.284 ± 0.166, respectively. This accuracy level achieves the C grade of the corresponding IEEE standard. Thus, the proposed method has the potential benefit for eHealth monitoring in daily application.
Nanoscale quantum dot infrared sensors with photonic crystal cavity

We report high performance infrared sensors that are based on intersubband transitions in nanoscale self-assembled quantum dots combined with a microcavity resonator made with a high-index-contrast two-dimensional photonic crystal. The addition of the photonic crystal cavity increases the photocurrent, conversion efficiency, and the signal to noise ratio (represented by the specific detectivity D*) by more than an order of magnitude. The conversion efficiency of the detector at Vb=–2.6 V increased from 7.5% for the control sample to 95% in the PhC detector. In principle, these photonic crystal resonators are technology agnostic and can be directly integrated into the manufacturing of present day infrared sensors using existing lithographic tools in the fabrication facility.
Multimodality imaging evaluation of arteriovenous fistulas and grafts: a clinical practice review

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and grafts (AVGs) are the preferred forms of vascular access for hemodialysis in patients with severe renal dysfunction. Multimodality imaging plays an important role in the pre-procedural evaluation of these patients. Ultrasound is often used for pre-procedural vascular mapping in preparation for the creation of an AVF or AVG. Pre-procedural mapping includes a comprehensive evaluation of the arterial and venous vasculature including evaluation of vessel diameter, stenosis, course, presence of collateral veins, wall thickness and wall abnormalities. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or catheter angiography are used when sonography is not available or when further characterization of sonographic abnormalities is required. Following the procedure, routine surveillance imaging is not recommended. If there are any clinical concerns or if physical examination is inconclusive, further evaluation with ultrasound is warranted. Ultrasound allows for assessment of vascular access site maturation by evaluating the time-averaged blood flow and helping characterize the outflow vein in the case of an AVF. CT and MRI can play a complementary role to ultrasound. Vascular access site complications include non-maturation, aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, thrombosis, stenosis, steal phenomena or occlusion typically of the outflow vein, infection, bleeding and rarely angiosarcoma. In this article, we review the role of multimodality imaging in the pre- and post-procedural evaluation of patients with AVF and AVG. Additionally, novel technologies of vascular access site creation using endovascular techniques and upcoming non-invasive imaging techniques for evaluation of AVFs and AVGs are discussed.
Young stars in the periphery of NGC 6822

Taking advantage of the wide (42 0 28 0 ) field of the CFH12K camera, we survey the young star population of NGC 6822 to unprecedented radial distances. We determine the age of the young stars by employing Gallart's et al. (1996b) method based on the presence of stars in dierent boxes in the CMD. We find that star formation took place up to 200 Myr ago in a wide area not always matching the current HI cloud. A50 Myr old association is identified, next to the HI void where no young stars are seen.
A Gradient Microstructure Improves the Barrier Properties of Flake-Filled Composite Films: A Computational Study

Composite films of a graded miscrostructure hold the promise of achieving optimal use of the filler material, resulting in composites with improved and application-taylored properties. In the context of barrier materials in which the reinforcing phase comes in the form of flakes or platellets, concentrating the filler particles in certain critical regions is thought to achieve economy in filler usage while ensuring superior barrier performance. The objective of the present article is to quantitatively test this hypothesis and provide guidelines on the expected barrier improvement. A model is developed, according to which a graded miscostructure in a composite film offers a quantitative improvement over an equivalent homogeneous microstructure; this improvement is quantified using a coefficient β, which depends on the form of the graded miscrostructure, specifically the distribution of the number-density of the filler particles across the film. It is shown that β=1 for a uniform microstructure and β>1 for a graded one, indicating that a graded miscrostructure will indeed result in improved barrier properties. Analytical expressions for β are developed for certain typical distributions; for a linear filler distribution, it is shown that β=4/3. This model is tested against detailed multi-particle simulations and is found to be in excellent agreement with computational results.
A Novel Cardiff Model Coefficients Extraction Process Based on Artificial Neural Network

This paper presents a novel way to extract the Cardiff model coefficients. Analysis shows that the Cardiff model is easier for implementation in commercial RF design related software, while the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based behavioral model provides more flexibility for extracting the coefficients of a model, the two methods have been combined. The load-pull setup, implemented in Keysight Advanced Design System (ADS), is used to acquire the pseudo-wave data of the Cree 10W transistor. By using the feedforward ANN structure together with a novel Cardiff model related backpropagation algorithm, a set of accurate coefficients can be extracted, whose Normalized Mean Squared Error (NMSE) is -54.73 dB as shown in this paper.
Peculiarities of temperature-dependent Sellmeier equations for periodically poled KTiOPO4 crystal in the near-infrared and visible ranges

Crystals of periodically poled KTiOPO4 (PPKTP) are considered to be promising candidates for the femtosecond OPOs when compared with conventional periodically poled LiNbO3 (PPLN) crystals that suffer from the large photorefractive effect, thermal damage and high coercive field. In order to design the poling period of PPKTP crystal and to predict the desired wavelength tuning range with required spectral characteristics an accurate calculation using the wavelength- and temperature-dependent Sellmeier equations should be carried out. Although the Sellmeier equations for PPKTP have been published and revised several times, there are still some discrepancies between the measured and the theoretical results. It was reported that a temperature shift of approximately 25 °C has to be introduced in that equation in order to match the experimental results in the near-infrared range. In our work this effect is studied in detail in both the nearinfrared and visible ranges in order to provide an accurate reference for the design of PPKTP crystals for various nonlinear frequency conversion applications.
Parametrizations of linear dynamical systems: Canonical forms and identifiability

We consider the problem of what parametrizations of linear dynamical systems are appropriate for identification (i.e., so that the identification problem has a unique solution, and all systems of a particular class can be represented). Canonical forms for controllable linear systems under similarity transformation are considered and it is shown that their use in identification may cause numerical difficulties, and an alternate approach is proposed which avoids these difficulties. Then it is assumed that the system matrices are parametrized by some unknown parameters from a priori system knowledge. The identiability of such an arbitrary parametrization is then considered in several situations. Assuming that the system transfer function can be identified asymptotically, conditions are derived for local and global identifiability. Finally, conditions for identifiability from the output spectral density are given for a system driven by unobserved white noise.
Unpacking Additive Manufacturing Challenges and Opportunities in Moving towards Sustainability: An Exploratory Study

The global market for Additive Manufacturing (AM) is expected to grow, which may increase the prominence of sustainability aspects in the manufacturing process. A growing number of AM academics and practitioners have started to pay attention to the environmental and societal impacts of AM instead of only focusing on its economic aspect. Yet, AM is still not widely adopted, and the research on AM sustainability is still at the nascent stage. This paper aims to better understand AM’s sustainable adoption and seeks to address three questions: what the sustainability implications of AM are; what challenges may prevent the broad adoption of AM; and what opportunities can enable AM sustainability. The research adopts a multiple case study method to investigate six AM companies that play different roles in the AM ecosystem, including AM design, AM machine, AM material, AM service, AM education, and AM consulting. The results from these studies reveal that AM has the potential to reduce environmental and social impacts; however, it might also cause negative consequences and lead to some rebound effects. We identified 43 categories (synthesized from 199 examples) of key challenges for AM adoption and proposed 55 key solutions in moving AM towards sustainability. It is evident that AM acts as a promising digital technology for manufacturing and has the potential to pave the way for a new era of sustainable manufacturing.