Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Streptozotocin-induced changes in cardiac gene expression in the absence of severe contractile dysfunction.

UNLABELLED Diabetes mellitus alters energy substrate metabolism and gene expression in the heart. It is not known whether the changes in gene expression are an adaptive or maladaptive process. To answer this question, we determined both the time-course and the extent of the alteration of gene expression induced by insulin-deficient diabetes. Transcript analysis with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in rat hearts 1 week (acute group) or 6 months (chronic group) after administration of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg). In the acute group, insulin-dependent diabetes induced a 55-70% decrease of both glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and GLUT4 transcripts, a slight decrease of liver-specific carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I), and no change in muscle-specific CPT I. The uncoupling protein UCP-3 increased three-fold, with no change in UCP-2. These metabolic alterations were accompanied by an isoform switching from the normally expressed alpha myosin heavy chain (MHC) to the fetal isoform betaMHC mRNA, by a 50% decrease of cardiac alpha-actin mRNA, a 30% decrease of the sarcoplasmic Ca++-ATPase mRNA, and a 50% decrease of muscle creatine kinase (P<0.01 v controls). All genomic changes were also present in the chronic group. Genomic markers of ventricular dysfunction [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclo-oxygenase-2] were not affected by chronic diabetes. In both groups, there were no changes in resting left ventricular function by echocardiography. CONCLUSION The heart adapts to insulin-deficient diabetes by a rapid and simultaneous response of multiple genes involved in cardiac metabolism and function. This genomic adaptation resembles the adaptation of cardiac hypertrophy, remains stable over time, and does not lead to major contractile dysfunction.
Epidemiologic Data on Excess Mortality and Life Expectancy in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus — Critical Review1)

Generalizations of prognosis with regard to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in epidemiological statistics are impaired not only by great intraindividual variations, but also due to methodical difficulties. Due to recent prognostic studies IDDM, particular in young age, must be considered as a rather serious disease with a 5 to 10 fold higher excess mortality in comparison with the general population. There are only few exact data about the extent of life shortening. Age of onset represents the most significant factor in life shortening. The younger the patient is at the age of onset the shorter he lives. From about 70 years onward diabetes has little or no effect on longevity. Whether the prognosis of IDDM has improved within the last decades remains uncertain. Long-term studies clearly indicate that IDDM is compatible also with a long life in a good health. Why many diabetics develop life shortening complications and why some patients do not cannot be answered with conclusive evidence.
Symmetry Energy as a Function of Density and Mass

Energy in nuclear matter is, in practice, completely characterized at different densities and asymmetries, when the density dependencies of symmetry energy and of energy of symmetric matter are specified. The density dependence of the symmetry energy at subnormal densities produces mass dependence of nuclear symmetry coefficient and, thus, can be constrained by that latter dependence. We deduce values of the mass dependent symmetry coefficients, by using excitation energies to isobaric analog states. The coefficient systematic, for intermediate and high masses, is well described in terms of the symmetry coefficient values of aaV = (31.5–33.5) MeV for the volume coefficient and aaS = (9–12) MeV for the surface coefficient. These two further correspond to the parameter values describing density dependence of symmetry energy, of L∼95 MeV and Ksym∼25 MeV.
Managerial Resourcefulness: A Reconceptualization of Management Skills

The diverse nature of the prevailing conceptualizations of skills required for successful managerial performance hinders our understanding of the phenomenon. This paper examines the limitations to our understanding of the nature of managerial skills based on the analysis of managerial jobs that are often non-routine, unprogrammed, and ill-structured. A framework that distinguishes between managerial "skills" and "competencies" along several dimensions such as specific-generic, task driven-person driven, and transferable non-transferable is suggested as a possible alternative mode of conceptualization. Competencies representing fundamental generic cognitive characteristics are viewed as managerial resourcefulness. Integrating research from the fields of cognitive, clinical, personality, and social psychology, the paper identifies and explicates various components of resourcefulness which have implications for selection and training of managers. Developing appropriate operationalization, assessment, and training procedures with respect to various components of resourcefulness are suggested as areas for future research.
H2O2 Is the Transferrable Factor Mediating Flow-Induced Dilation in Human Coronary Arterioles

Rationale: Endothelial derived hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a necessary component of the pathway regulating flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in human coronary arterioles (HCAs). However, H2O2 has never been shown to be the endothelium-dependent transferrable hyperpolarization factor (EDHF) in response to shear stress. Objective: We examined the hypothesis that H2O2 serves as the EDHF in HCAs to shear stress. Methods and Results: Two HCAs were cannulated in series (a donor intact vessel upstream and endothelium-denuded detector vessel downstream). Diameter changes to flow were examined in the absence and presence of polyethylene glycol catalase (PEG-CAT). The open state probability of large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels in smooth muscle cells downstream from the perfusate from an endothelium-intact arteriole was examined by patch clamping. In some experiments, a cyanogen bromide–activated resin column bound with CAT was used to remove H2O2 from the donor vessel. When flow proceeds from donor to detector, both vessels dilate (donor:68±7%; detector: 45±11%). With flow in the opposite direction, only the donor vessel dilates. PEG-CAT contacting only the detector vessel blocked FMD in that vessel (6±4%) but not in donor vessel (61±13%). Paxilline inhibited dilation of endothelium-denuded HCAs to H2O2. Effluent from donor vessels elicited K+ channel opening in an iberiotoxin- or PEG-CAT–sensitive fashion in cell-attached patches but had little effect on channel opening on inside-out patches. Vasodilation of detector vessels was diminished when exposed to effluent from CAT-column. Conclusions: Flow induced endothelial production of H2O2, which acts as the transferrable EDHF activating BKCa channels on the smooth muscle cells.
Did the Malaysian Capital Controls Work?

Malaysia recovered from the Asian financial crisis swiftly after the imposition of capital controls in September 1998. The fact that Korea and Thailand recovered in parallel has been interpreted as suggesting that capital controls did not play a significant role in facilitating Malaysia's rebound. However, the financial crisis was deepening in Malaysia in the summer of 1998, while it had significantly eased up in Korea and Thailand. We employ a time-shifted differences-in-differences technique to exploit the differences in the timing of the crises. Compared to IMF programs, we find that the Malaysian policies produced faster economic recovery, smaller declines in employment and real wages, and more rapid turnaround in the stock market.
Self-organization of polymers in bulk and at interfaces

Fully atomistic analysis of polymeric systems is computationally very demanding because the time and length scales involved span over several orders of magnitude. At the same time many properties of polymers are universal in the sense that they do not depend on the chemical nature of the comprising monomers. This makes coarse-grained methods, such as self-consistent field (SCF) modeling, an ideal tool for studying them. In this thesis we employ SCF modeling to study intra- and intermolecular self-organization organization of polymers and ordering of polymers near interfaces. Where possible, the results are compared to experiments and predictions of analytical theories.
Genetics of Hereditary Ataxia in Scottish Terriers

Background Scottish Terriers have a high incidence of juvenile onset hereditary ataxia primarily affecting the Purkinje neuron of the cerebellar cortex and causing slowly progressive cerebellar dysfunction. Objective To identify chromosomal regions associated with hereditary ataxia in Scottish Terriers. Animals One hundred and fifty‐three Scottish Terriers were recruited through the Scottish Terrier Club of America. Materials and Methods Prospective study. Dogs were classified as affected if they had slowly progressive cerebellar signs. When possible, magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological evaluation of the brain were completed as diagnostic aids. To identify genomic regions connected with the disease, genome‐wide mapping was performed using both linkage‐ and association‐based approaches. Pedigree evaluation and homozygosity mapping were also performed to examine mode of inheritance and to investigate the region of interest, respectively. Results Linkage and genome‐wide association studies in a cohort of Scottish Terriers both identified a region on CFA X strongly associated with the disease trait. Homozygosity mapping revealed a 4 Mb region of interest. Pedigree evaluation failed to identify the possible mode of inheritance due to the lack of complete litter information. Conclusion and Clinical Importance This finding suggests that further genetic investigation of the potential region of interest on CFA X should be considered in order to identify the causal mutation as well as develop a genetic test to eliminate the disease from this breed.
Localization of hepatitis C virus antigens in liver and skin tissues of chronic hepatitis C virus–infected patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia

Skin and/or liver biopsy specimens were obtained from the following patients: 15 anti–hepatitis C virus (HCV), HCV RNA–positive patients and 3 anti‐HCV, HCV RNA–negative patients with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC); 7 anti‐HCV, HCV RNA–positive patients with chronic active liver disease (CALD); 5 anti‐HCV, HCV RNA–negative patients with noncryoglobulinemic vasculitis; and 7 anti‐HCV, HCV RNA–negative patients with lichen ruber planus. A pool of murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) developed against c22‐3, c33c, and c100‐3 proteins was used to detect HCV‐related antigens (Ags) by indirect immunohistochemistry. Acid electroelution (AEE) of tissue sections was performed to enhance the sensitivity of the immunohistochemical method. In anti‐HCV–positive MC patients, specific HCV‐related Ags were detected in the small vessels of the skin and in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Prior AEE of biopsy sections allowed detection of HCV Age in 6 of 15 (40%) skin biopsy and in 9 of 14 (64.3%) liver biopsy specimens. HCV immunoreactive deposits in the skin displayed two immunohistochemical patterns: (1) coarse intraluminal material associated with dermal inflammatory infiltrates and intravascular deposition of eosinophilic hyaline material; and (2) reactivity confined to the vessel wall in the context of an apparently normal tissue. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM deposition in the skin showed immunohistochemical features comparable with those found for HCV Ag deposits. In addition, tissue complement reactivity was detected in 6 (40%) of them and was strictly associated with histological and clinical signs of active vasculities. Five of 7 (71.4%) liver biopsy specimens, but none of 7 skin biopsy specimens, from anti‐HCV, HCV RNA–positive patients without circulating cryoglobulins displayed immune reactivity after AEE procedure. Consistently negative results were obtained with skin and liver sections from all anti‐HCV, HCV RNA–negative patients. These findings indicate that, under the experimental conditions used, in 40% of anti‐HCV, HCV RNA–positive patients with MC, skin tissue deposits consist of HCV‐containing immune complexes. In addition, the occurrence of HCV reactivity in apparently normal blood vessels suggests that deposition of viral Ags precedes and possibly initiates tissue damage. Whether in the remaining patients HCV Ags cannot be detected because of the insufficient sensitivity of the method or the involvement of Ags other than those assayed, remains to be determined. (HEPATOLOGY 1995;21:305–312.)
WiRKSam: An Approach To Maximize The Functionality Of Multi-Factor Systems

We introduce in this paper a hospital system as a multifactor model and concentrate on system’s performance. We give a formalization of profit considering service fees and costs and use it to explain the reasoning process of such system that investigates the most efficient setting to to keep a maximal state of profit. The proposed system is domain-specific and considers some relative parameters. However, the approach is general and could be applied to other similar models. The architecture is illustrated in the paper and a discussion on the functionality of this approach in the design is presented.
Interpolated DFT for $\sin^{\alpha}(x)$ Windows

This paper describes interpolated discrete Fourier transform (IpDFT) for parameter estimation of sinusoidal and damped sinusoidal signals analyzed with a sin<sup>α</sup>(x) window. For α = 0,2,4,. sin<sup>α</sup>(x) windows are Rife-Vincent class I (RVI) windows, for which IpDFT algorithms are known. We present a new IpDFTs for α = 1,3,5,. The bias-variance trade-off of the proposed IpDFT fits between results offered by RVI windows, e.g., for α = 1, we get higher noise immunity than Hann (RVI order 1, α = 2) window and lower bias than rectangular (RVI order 0, α = 0) window.
Insensitivity of Salivation to Fear Arousal in Women with Spider Phobias

We examined salivary reactivity in 11 women with simple phobia of spiders and 11 controls in response to a spider and a neutral cue. No differences in salivary reactivity were observed across diagnosis or conditions. Clear reactivity in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and subjective units of distress were observed. Salivary reactivity was unrelated to any other measure of reactivity. These results suggest that a decrease in salivation is not a universal response to acute anxiety.
Splicing Regulators and Their Roles in Cancer Biology and Therapy

Alternative splicing allows cells to expand the encoding potential of their genomes. In this elegant mechanism, a single gene can yield protein isoforms with even antagonistic functions depending on the cellular physiological context. Alterations in splicing regulatory factors activity in cancer cells, however, can generate an abnormal protein expression pattern that promotes growth, survival, and other processes, which are relevant to tumor biology. In this review, we discuss dysregulated alternative splicing events and regulatory factors that impact pathways related to cancer. The SR proteins and their regulatory kinases SRPKs and CLKs have been frequently found altered in tumors and are examined in more detail. Finally, perspectives that support splicing machinery as target for the development of novel anticancer therapies are discussed.
The separate impact of tight control schemes and disease activity on quality of life in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the CAMERA trials.

OBJECTIVES To examine in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) whether quality of life (QoL), independently of disease activity, is affected by tight control treatment strategy schemes. METHODS In the Computer Assisted Management in Early RA (CAMERA) trials, patients with early RA, disease duration <1 year, no prior use of DMARDs) had been randomised to a methotrexate (MTX)-based tight control strategy or usual care (CAMERA study) or to 10 mg/d prednisone or placebo both added from start to a MTX-based tight control strategy (CAMERA-II study). In either study, randomisation to the more intensive strategy resulted in lower disease activity. To assess QoL, the 'Influence of Rheumatic Diseases on General Health and Lifestyle' questionnaire (IRGL) was used. Baseline and 1- and/or 2-year measurements were analysed with regression analyses with the IRGL (sub)scales as outcome variables and treatment strategy and disease activity assessing 28 joints (DAS28) as independent variables, correcting for baseline values of each scale and possible confounders (gender, age, rheumatoid factor status). RESULTS There was no clear association between either of the treatment strategies and QoL, but a decrease in DAS28 was associated with improvement in the majority of QoL (sub)scales. CONCLUSIONS No independent effect of the specific tight control strategies schemes on QoL was found, while there was a clear disease activity related effect. Thus frequent outpatient visits or the inclusion of prednisone in a tight control strategy did not negatively influence QoL.
Complexity of conservative constraint satisfaction problems

In a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), the aim is to find an assignment of values to a given set of variables, subject to specified constraints. The CSP is known to be NP-complete in general. However, certain restrictions on the form of the allowed constraints can lead to problems solvable in polynomial time. Such restrictions are usually imposed by specifying a constraint language, that is, a set of relations that are allowed to be used as constraints. A principal research direction aims to distinguish those constraint languages that give rise to tractable CSPs from those that do not. We achieve this goal for the important version of the CSP, in which the set of values for each individual variable can be restricted arbitrarily. Restrictions of this type can be studied by considering those constraint languages which contain all possible unary constraints; we call such languages conservative. We completely characterize conservative constraint languages that give rise to polynomial time solvable CSP classes. In particular, this result allows us to obtain a complete description of those (directed) graphs H for which the List H-Coloring problem is solvable in polynomial time. The result, the solving algorithm, and the proofs heavily use the algebraic approach to CSP developed in Jeavons et al. [1997], Jeavons [1998], Bulatov et al. [2005], and Bulatov and Jeavons [2001b, 2003].
Feature weighted unsupervised classification algorithm and adaptation for software cost estimation

Multi-attribute data, needed to be clustered may have different consequences of attributes on clustering criteria. In this paper, a new soft clustering technique is proposed in which similarity measures between data points and impact of each attribute is calculated using grey relational analysis. Algorithm provides the flexibility to choose significant number of attributes for classification purpose using feature subset selection. An iterative approach is adopted to find desired number of clusters having more appropriate and unique centroid. In addition, the use of proposed technique is instanced on software cost estimation because inherent uncertainty in software attributes due to the measurement by expert judgment has a significant impact on estimation accuracy. Combination of clustering and regression technique reduces the potential problem in efficacy of predictive assays due to heterogeneity of the data. Clustered approach creates the subsets of data having a degree of homogeneity that elaborate more accurate prediction.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae actin-related protein Arp2 is involved in the actin cytoskeleton

Arp2p is an essential yeast actin-related protein. Disruption of the corresponding ARP2 gene leads to a terminal phenotype characterized by the presence of a single large bud. Thus, Arp2p may be important for a late stage of the cell cycle (Schwob, E., and R.P. Martin, 1992. Nature (Lond.). 355:179-182). We have localized Arp2p by indirect immunofluorescence. Specific peptide antibodies revealed punctate staining under the plasma membrane, which partially colocalizes with actin. Temperature-sensitive arp2 mutations were created by PCR mutagenesis and selected by an ade2/SUP11 sectoring screen. One temperature-sensitive mutant that was characterized, arp2-H330L, was osmosensitive and had an altered actin cytoskeleton at a nonpermissive temperature, suggesting a role of Arp2p in the actin cytoskeleton. Random budding patterns were observed in both haploid and diploid arp2- H330L mutant cells. Endocytosis, as judged by Lucifer yellow uptake, was severely reduced in the mutant, at all temperatures. In addition, genetic interaction was observed between temperature-sensitive alleles arp2-H330L and cdc10-1. CDC10 is a gene encoding a neck filament- associated protein that is necessary for polarized growth and cytokinesis. Overall, the immunolocalization, mutant phenotypes, and genetic interaction suggest that the Arp2 protein is an essential component of the actin cytoskeleton that is involved in membrane growth and polarity, as well as in endocytosis.
Traits of fear resistance and susceptibility in an advanced intercross line

Genetic variability in the strength and precision of fear memory is hypothesised to contribute to the etiology of anxiety disorders, including post‐traumatic stress disorder. We generated fear‐susceptible (F‐S) or fear‐resistant (F‐R) phenotypes from an F8 advanced intercross line (AIL) of C57BL/6J and DBA/2J inbred mice by selective breeding. We identified specific traits underlying individual variability in Pavlovian conditioned fear learning and memory. Offspring of selected lines differed in the acquisition of conditioned fear. Furthermore, F‐S mice showed greater cued fear memory and generalised fear in response to a novel context than F‐R mice. F‐S mice showed greater basal corticosterone levels and hypothalamic corticotrophin‐releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA levels than F‐R mice, consistent with higher hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis drive. Hypothalamic mineralocorticoid receptor and CRH receptor 1 mRNA levels were decreased in F‐S mice as compared with F‐R mice. Manganese‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) was used to investigate basal levels of brain activity. MEMRI identified a pattern of increased brain activity in F‐S mice that was driven primarily by the hippocampus and amygdala, indicating excessive limbic circuit activity in F‐S mice as compared with F‐R mice. Thus, selection pressure applied to the AIL population leads to the accumulation of heritable trait‐relevant characteristics within each line, whereas non‐behaviorally relevant traits remain distributed. Selected lines therefore minimise false‐positive associations between behavioral phenotypes and physiology. We demonstrate that intrinsic differences in HPA axis function and limbic excitability contribute to phenotypic differences in the acquisition and consolidation of associative fear memory. Identification of system‐wide traits predisposing to variability in fear memory may help in the direction of more targeted and efficacious treatments for fear‐related pathology.