Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of patchy ocean fertilization on atmospheric carbon dioxide and biological production

Increasing oceanic productivity by fertilizing nutrient‐rich regions with iron has been proposed as a mechanism to offset anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide. Earlier studies examined the impact of large‐scale fertilization of vast reaches of the ocean for long periods of time. We use an ocean general circulation model to consider more realistic scenarios involving fertilizing small regions (a few hundred kilometers on a side) for limited periods of time (of order 1 month). A century after such a fertilization event, the reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide is between 2% and 44% of the initial pulse of organic carbon export to the abyssal ocean. The fraction depends on how rapidly the surface nutrient and carbon fields recover from the fertilization event. The modeled recovery is very sensitive to the representation of biological productivity and remineralization. Direct verification of the uptake would be nearly impossible since changes in the air‐sea flux due to fertilization would be much smaller than those resulting from natural spatial variability. Because of the sensitivity of the uptake to the long‐term fate of the iron and organic matter, indirect verification by measurement of the organic matter flux would require high vertical resolution and long‐term monitoring. Finally, the downward displacement of the nutrient profile resulting from an iron‐induced productivity spurt may paradoxically lead to a long‐term reduction in biological productivity. In the worst‐case scenario, removing 1 ton of carbon from the atmosphere for a century is associated with a 30‐ton reduction in biological export of carbon.
Mole: A scalable, user-generated WiFi positioning engine

We describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of Molé, a mobile organic localization engine. Unlike previous work on crowd-sourced WiFi positioning, Mole uses a hierarchical name space. By not relying on a map and by being more strict than uninterpreted names for places, Molé aims for a more flexible and scalable point in the design space of localization systems. Molé employs several new techniques, including a new statistical positioning algorithm to differentiate between neighboring places, a motion detector to reduce update lag, and a scalable “cloud”-based fingerprint distribution system. Molé's localization algorithm, called Maximum Overlap (MAO), accounts for temporal variations in a place's fingerprint in a principled manner. It also allows for aggregation of fingerprints from many users and is compact enough for on-device storage. We show through end-to-end experiments in two deployments that MAO is significantly more accurate than state-of-the-art Bayesian-based localizers. We also show that non-experts can use Molé to quickly survey a building, enabling room-grained location-based services for themselves and others.
Socialcircle: A message forwarding technique for pocket switched networks

Changing topology and missing infrastructure makes conventional routing schemes useless. To overcome the communication problem, routing protocols ranging from contact-oblivious to contact-based have been tried for intermittently connected networks. These schemes vary highly in complexity and performance however they share the issue of non-scalability. In this paper we present a lightweight and scalable routing protocol for Pocket Switched Network (PSN) that exploits the limited social circle of a node. It belongs to the category of cluster-based routing schemes that are considered to be scalable and load balancing. Empirically it is observed that other than larger networks the scheme also behaves better than state-of-art schemes including Epidemic and PRoPHET for smaller terrestrial social networks. It is also observed that our proposed protocol - which we call as SocialCircle - outperforms both the SimBet and BubbleRap protocols with respect to latency, delivery ratio and system load measurement metrics.
NineOneOne: Recognizing and Classifying Speech for Handling Minority Language Emergency Calls

In this paper, we describe NineOneOne (9-1-1), a system designed to recognize and translate Spanish emergency calls for better dispatching. We analyze the research challenges in adapting speech translation technology to 9-1-1 domain. We report our initial research towards building the system and the results of our initial experiments.
An automated framework for generating variable-accuracy battery models from datasheet information

Models based on an electrical circuit equivalent have become the most popular choice for modeling the behavior of batteries, thanks to their ease of co-simulation with other parts of a digital system. Such circuit models are actually model templates: the specific values of their electrical elements must be derived by the analysis of the specific battery devices to be modeled. This process requires either to measure the battery characteristics or to derive them from the datasheet. In the latter case, however, very often not all information are available and the model fitting becomes then unfeasible. In this paper we present a methodology for deriving, in a semi-automatic way, circuit equivalent battery models solely from data available in a battery datasheet. In order to account for the different amount of information available, we introduce the concept of “level” of a model, so that models with different accuracy can be derived depending on the available data. The methodology requires only minimal intervention by the designer and it automatically generates MATLAB models once the required data for the corresponding model level are transcribed from the datasheet. Simulation results show that our methodology allows to accurately reconstruct the information reported in the datasheet as well as to derive missing ones.
REDELF

3D integrated circuits (3D ICs) using through-silicon vias (TSVs) allow to envision the stacking of dies with different functions and technologies, using as an interconnect backbone a 3D network-on-chip (NoC). However, partial vertical connection in 3D NoCs seems unavoidable because of the large overhead of TSV itself (e.g., large footprint, low fabrication yield, additional fabrication processes) as well as the heterogeneity in dimension. This article proposes an energy-efficient deadlock-free routing algorithm for 3D mesh topologies where vertical connections partially exist. By introducing some rules for selecting elevators (i.e., vertical links between dies), the routing algorithm can eliminate the dedicated virtual channel requirement. In this article, the rules themselves as well as the proof of deadlock freedom are given. By eliminating the virtual channels for deadlock avoidance, the proposed routing algorithm reduces the energy consumption by 38.9% compared to a conventional routing algorithm. When the virtual channel is used for reducing the head-of-line blocking, the proposed routing algorithm increases performance by up to 23.1% and 6.9% on average.
Modification of the OCFB mode for fast data links

In some communication systems, some of the transmitted symbols are lost or, on the contrary, repeated. Lost or repeated symbols are called slips. In the case of cipher transmission, these slips produce a loss of the synchronization between transmitter and receiver, which is accompanied by the loss of the information being transmitted. Self-synchronizing modes of block ciphers are used for the elimination of this phenomenon. Up to now, the CFB, OCFB and SCFB self-synchronizing modes have been published. In this paper, we describe and analyze a blocked OCFB (so-called BOCFB) mode. This mode is a modification of the self-synchronizing OCFB mode, which consists in the following three adaptations. First, at the beginning of a new keystream generation, the detector of the synchronizing sequence is blocked for the period of transmitting r symbols. Second, if the last r symbols remain in the keystream block, then the generation of a new keystream block is initiated. Third, the synchronization sequence is only one bit long. In the BOCFB mode, there is r-times more time available for the keystream block generation than in the OCFB mode while simultaneously the self-synchronizing ability is preserved. For this reason, the BOCFB mode can be useful in fast data links.
An Analysis of Tournament Structure

This paper explores a novel way for analyzing the tournament structures to find a best suitable one for the tournament under consideration. It concerns about three aspects such as tournament conducting cost, competitiveness development and ranking precision. It then proposes a new method using progress tree to detect potential throwaway matches. The analysis performed using the proposed method reveals the strengths and weaknesses of tournament structures. As a conclusion, single elimination is best if we want to qualify one winner only, all matches conducted are exciting in term of competitiveness. Double elimination with proper seeding system is a better choice if we want to qualify more winners. A reasonable number of extra matches need to be conducted in exchange of being able to qualify top four winners. Round-robin gives reliable ranking precision for all participants. However, its conduction cost is very high, and it fails to maintain competitiveness development.
PENGARUH PRINSIP TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL (TAM) PADA APLIKASI GO-JEK TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN (Studi Pada Pengguna Gojek Di Kota Malang)

Perkembangan tekhnologi informasi dan komunikasi khususnya pada sistem aplikasi dan sosial media telah melahirkan berbagai industri kreatif baru salah satunya adalah di bidang jasa transportasi. Penggunaan aplikasi Aplikasi Go-Jek yang di kembangkan oleh Go-Jek indonesia di dasarkan pada teory Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) yang di perkenalkan oleh davis pada tahun 1989. TAM menunjukkan kegunaan dan kemudahan penggunaan akan mempengaruhi niat individu dalam menggunakan tekhnologi informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh prinsip Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) pada aplikasi Go-Jek terhadap kepuasan pelanggan (studi pada pengguna Go-Jek di kota malang). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, sumber data yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer yaitu sumber data berupa benda, hal atau orang dimana peneliti mengamati, membaca dan bertanya tentang data yang nantinya akan di gunakan sebagai sumber data. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode analisis regresi linier berganda yang berbasis Ordinary Least Square (OLS) dan uji hipotesis menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian yang di peroleh berdasakan uji asumsi klasik menunjukkan bahwa model regresi linier berganda layak untuk di lakukan penelitian. Sedangkan untuk uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa reability (keandalan), flexibility (keluesan), security (keamanan), easy to use (kemudahan penggunaan), privacy (pribadi), dan accesbility (aksebilitas) terdapat pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Go-Jek di kota malang. Selain itu di peroleh nilai R square sebesar 0,707 atau 70,7% yang berarti variabel bebas ((reability (keandalan), flexibility (keluesan), security (keamanan), easy to use (kemudahan penggunaan), privacy (pribadi), dan accesbility (aksebilitas)) memberikan hampir semua informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk memprediksi variasi variabel terikat (kepuasan pelanggan). Sedangkan sisanya sebesar 29,3% dapat di pengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak termasuk dalam model misalnya model tekhnologi lainnya, prinsip obektifitas, dll. Kata kunci:Prinsip Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) dan Kepuasan Pelanggan.
The effect of phosphatases SHP‐1 and SHIP‐1 on signaling by the ITIM‐ and ITAM‐containing Fcγ receptors FcγRIIB and FcγRIIA

Inositol and tyrosine phosphatases have been implicated in inhibitory signaling by an Fc receptor for immunoglobulin G, FcγRIIB, in B cells, mast cells, and monocytes. Here, we propose a role for the Src homology 2 (SH2)‐containing tyrosine phosphatase‐1 (SHP‐1) in FcγRIIB‐mediated inhibition of FcγR signaling. Coexpression of SHP‐1 enhances FcγRIIB‐mediated inhibition of FcγRIIA phagocytosis in COS‐1 cells. SHP‐1 also enhances the reduction in FcγRIIA tyrosine phosphorylation that accompanies this inhibition. Significantly, tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk kinase is substantially inhibited by SHP‐1. Furthermore, the activation of SHP‐1 tyrosine phosphorylation is observed following stimulation of FcγRII in COS‐1 cells and in human monocytes. The SH2 domain containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP), SHIP‐1 also enhances FcγRIIB‐mediated inhibition of FcγRIIA, indicating that FcγRIIB can use more than one pathway for its inhibitory action. In addition, SHP‐1 and SHIP‐1 can inhibit FcγRIIA phagocytosis and signal transduction in the absence of FcγRIIB. The data support emerging evidence that SH2‐containing phosphatases, such as SHP‐1 and SHIP‐1, can modulate signaling by “activating” receptors.
Elevated plasma homocysteine was associated with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, but methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T polymorphism was a risk factor for thrombotic stroke: a Multicenter Case-Control Study in China.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is still controversial whether elevated plasma homocysteine and the C677T polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene are risk factors for stroke. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the 2 factors and stroke in Chinese in a large case-control study. METHODS We recruited 1823 stroke patients (807 cerebral thrombosis, 513 lacunar infarction, 503 intracerebral hemorrhage) and 1832 controls. Total plasma homocysteine was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. C677T polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and HinfI digestion. RESULTS Total plasma homocysteine levels were significantly higher in cases than controls (median, 14.7 versus 12.8 micromol/L; P<0.001) and associated with an increased risk of 1.87-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58 to 2.22) for overall stroke, 1.72-fold (95% CI, 1.39 to 2.12) for cerebral thrombosis, 1.89-fold (95% CI, 1.50 to 2.40) for lacunar infarction, and 1.94-fold (95% CI, 1.48 to 2.55) for intracerebral hemorrhage. The C677T mutation of the MTHFR gene was positively correlated with plasma homocysteine levels in both controls (beta=0.250, P<0.001) and cases (beta=0.272, P<0.001) and more frequently in cases than in controls (47.0% versus 44.2%, P=0.017). The TT genotype was associated with an increased risk for overall stroke (odds ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.56) and thrombotic stroke (odds ratio, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.78). CONCLUSIONS The C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene was associated with increased risk of cerebral thrombotic stroke in Chinese. Total plasma homocysteine was correlated with both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, suggesting potential initiation of homocysteine-lowering therapy in this population.
Systemic Frequency Biases in Ring Oscillator PUFs on FPGAs

Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) are an emerging primitive in hardware security, enabling the identification of computer-chips. A promising type particularly for FPGA implementations is the Ring Oscillator (RO) PUF, where signal delays-stemming from uncontrollable variations in the manufacturing process-are used as device-specific characteristics. Based on experimental results gathered with 38 identical Altera FPGAs, we show the existence of non-device-specific i.e., systemic RO frequency biases, traced back to (1) the internal routing within the RO's look-up tables, (2) the RO locations on the FPGAs, or (3) the non-PUF payload activity. As these biases are the same for all devices, the result is poor inter-device uniqueness and unreliable signatures under changing payloads. After characterizing these biases with a newly developed set of metrics, we suggest a method to overcome them: Using only a small sample of devices, the average bias over all devices for each RO is predicted and the relative differences caused by systemic biases are nullified. We demonstrate the viability of this method by determining the sufficient random sample sizes and showing that the inter-device uniqueness is drastically increased and the PUF signatures become reliable even under changing payload activities.
Pervasive eHealth services a security and privacy risk awareness survey

The human factor is often recognised as a major aspect of cyber-security research. Risk and situational perception are identified as key factors in the decision making process, often playing a lead role in the adoption of security mechanisms. However, risk awareness and perception have been poorly investigated in the field of eHealth wearables. Whilst end-users often have limited understanding of privacy and security of wearables, assessing the perceived risks and consequences will help shape the usability of future security mechanisms. This paper present a survey of the the risks and situational awareness in eHealth services. An analysis of the lack of security and privacy measures in connected health devices is described with recommendations to circumvent critical situations.
Toward Theological Inclusivism: The Effects of a World Religions Course in a Mormon University

ABSTRACT Inclusivist, exclusivist, and pluralist attitudes toward other religions interact in complex ways within the Mormon faith. Hence, a course on the world’s religions at LDS-sponsored Brigham Young University presents an interesting case study in this context. Through survey data and statistical analysis this article attempts to examine the effect of this course over students’ convictions in their own faith, particularly in relation to the inclusivist vs. exclusivist spectrum. Findings suggest that the sympathetic exposure to other religions in this course did not decrease students’ confessional commitment to Mormonism although it reshaped it in a more inclusivist direction. The religious make-up of students’ families and communities of upbringing is also shown to play a role in this conclusion.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Gawai Terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini

This research is motivated by the widespread use of the gadgets in the community, including the use of gadgets by early childhood. This study aims to describe how the effect of the use of the gadget on the social emotional development of early childhood in group B in RA Baiturrahman Cipedes District Tasikmalaya City. The research method used is descriptive method with ex post facto research type. The sample in this study amounted to 23 people. Data collection techniques used were questionnaires, structured observation and unstructured interviews. Statistical analysis technique used is simple linear regression with significance level α = 5% (0,05). Based on the calculation of simple linear regression test, obtained value of significance of 0.184 and the value of coefficient of determination (R Square) of 0.082 or 8.2%. This indicates that the use of the gadget has a positive effect of 8.2% on the social emotional development of early childhood in group B in RA Baiturrahman Kecamatan Cipedes Kota Tasikmalaya. However, the effect is not significant. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya penggunaan gawai di masyarakat, termasuk penggunaan gawai oleh anak usia dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pengaruh penggunaan gawai terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini pada kelompok B di RA Baiturrahman Kecamatan Cipedes Kota Tasikmalaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian ex post facto . Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 23 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket/kuesioner, observasi terstruktur dan wawancara tidak terstruktur. Teknik analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi linier sederhana dengan taraf signifikansi α=5% (0,05). Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji regresi linier sederhana, diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,184 dan nilai koefisien determinasi ( R Square ) sebesar 0,082 atau 8,2%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan gawai memiliki pengaruh positif sebesar 8,2% terhadap perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia dini pada kelompok B di RA Baiturrahman Kecamatan Cipedes Kota Tasikmalaya. Akan tetapi, pengaruh tersebut tidak signifikan.
An Empirical Study of Test Cases Selection by Applying Criteria to Activity Diagram

In principle, structural coverage criterion enables the evaluation of test results and the automation of test execution; however, it is limited in that it cannot be applied to specification based testing. Model-Based Testing is one of the solutions used to overcome this limitation. We propose an approach in which UML activity diagrams are used as a model. Once these activity diagrams are generated from program specifications, test cases are selected systematically according to the coverage criteria identified for the activity diagrams. Applying criteria to specification-based testing is very helpful for programmers who are supposed to write tests before source codes in Agile developments. With our proposed approach, they design tests in accordance with test models rather than their intuition. In this paper, we report on an empirical study conducted in which our approach generated a more effective suite of test cases than that of the Siemens Suite.
Buildings, elliptic curves, and the K (2)-local sphere

We investigate a dense subgroup Γ of the second Morava stabilizer group given by a certain group of quasi-isogenies of a supersingular elliptic curve in characteristic p. The group Γ acts on the Bruhat-Tits building for GL2(ℚ) through its action on the -adic Tate module. This action has finite stabilizers, giving a small resolution for the homotopy fixed point spectrum (EhΓ 2)hGal by spectra of topological modular forms. Here, E2 is a version of Morava E-theory and Gal = Gal().
Brian Lund (2016) Housing Politics in the United Kingdom: Power, Planning and Protest , Bristol: Policy Press, £24.99, pp. 368, pbk.

a new working party on social policy and initiating reports on “The Future of Social Protection” in 1988, inclusion through work, as well as women’s pay equality, resulting in the report on “Closing the Gender Gap” in 2012. The chapter on the EU by Fargion and Mayer focuses on EU support for the Millennium Development Goals. Surender and Urbina-Ferretjans’ chapter on the BRICS shows that South-South government ties have also had some role in global social policy, something few scholars would have even thought about a decade before. In particular, the BRICS donor group has expanded the diversity of funding sources for developing countries, as well as social policy norms and approaches. Even the G20 has played a growing role in global social policy governance, setting norms in the wake of the global financial crisis, as elucidated by Kirton, Kulik, and Bracht. The chapters by Kruse and Martens as well as Nullmeier provide a useful overview of NGO and media involvement, respectively, in global social policy discourse. In short, this book compiles a state-of-the-art perspective on global social policy actors. It also advances understanding of how global policy actors work. It is an important collection of essays by leading scholars in the field that will facilitate widespread understanding of the international dimension of social policy worldwide and inspire new research in this emerging field.