Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neuro inspired reconfigurable architecture for hardware/software co-design

In neuro-inspired computing, cortical columns or microcircuits appear to be the basic unit of computation for recognition related tasks. This paper proposes an integrated framework for an efficient implementation of a cortical column on reconfigurable platform (FPGAs). A novel hardware/software co-design implementation strategy is devised and the functionality is tested in the context of speech recognition application. An overall accuracy of 98% was achieved with the fixed-point hardware/software co-design technique in comparison to the 100% with the floating-point software implementation.
The meteorology of the Western Indian Ocean, and the influence of the East African Highlands

This paper reviews the meteorology of the Western Indian Ocean and uses a state–of–the–art atmospheric general circulation model to investigate the influence of the East African Highlands on the climate of the Indian Ocean and its surrounding regions. The new 44–year re–analysis produced by the European Centre for Medium range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) has been used to construct a new climatology of the Western Indian Ocean. A brief overview of the seasonal cycle of the Western Indian Ocean is presented which emphasizes the importance of the geography of the Indian Ocean basin for controlling the meteorology of the Western Indian Ocean. The principal modes of inter–annual variability are described, associated with El Niño and the Indian Ocean Dipole or Zonal Mode, and the basic characteristics of the subseasonal weather over the Western Indian Ocean are presented, including new statistics on cyclone tracks derived from the ECMWF re–analyses. Sensitivity experiments, in which the orographic effects of East Africa are removed, have shown that the East African Highlands, although not very high, play a significant role in the climate of Africa, India and Southeast Asia, and in the heat, salinity and momentum forcing of the Western Indian Ocean. The hydrological cycle over Africa is systematically enhanced in all seasons by the presence of the East African Highlands, and during the Asian summer monsoon there is a major redistribution of the rainfall across India and Southeast Asia. The implied impact of the East African Highlands on the ocean is substantial. The East African Highlands systematically freshen the tropical Indian Ocean, and act to focus the monsoon winds along the coast, leading to greater upwelling and cooler sea–surface temperatures.
Comparable Ages for the Independent Origins of Electrogenesis in African and South American Weakly Electric Fishes

One of the most remarkable examples of convergent evolution among vertebrates is illustrated by the independent origins of an active electric sense in South American and African weakly electric fishes, the Gymnotiformes and Mormyroidea, respectively. These groups independently evolved similar complex systems for object localization and communication via the generation and reception of weak electric fields. While good estimates of divergence times are critical to understanding the temporal context for the evolution and diversification of these two groups, their respective ages have been difficult to estimate due to the absence of an informative fossil record, use of strict molecular clock models in previous studies, and/or incomplete taxonomic sampling. Here, we examine the timing of the origins of the Gymnotiformes and the Mormyroidea using complete mitogenome sequences and a parametric Bayesian method for divergence time reconstruction. Under two different fossil-based calibration methods, we estimated similar ages for the independent origins of the Mormyroidea and Gymnotiformes. Our absolute estimates for the origins of these groups either slightly postdate, or just predate, the final separation of Africa and South America by continental drift. The most recent common ancestor of the Mormyroidea and Gymnotiformes was found to be a non-electrogenic basal teleost living more than 85 millions years earlier. For both electric fish lineages, we also estimated similar intervals (16–19 or 22–26 million years, depending on calibration method) between the appearance of electroreception and the origin of myogenic electric organs, providing rough upper estimates for the time periods during which these complex electric organs evolved de novo from skeletal muscle precursors. The fact that the Gymnotiformes and Mormyroidea are of similar age enhances the comparative value of the weakly electric fish system for investigating pathways to evolutionary novelty, as well as the influences of key innovations in communication on the process of species radiation.
Abnormal cholesterol uptake, storage, and synthesis in the livers of 2-acetylaminofluorene-fed rats.

Summary Rat livers were tested for both rate of cholesterol synthesis and uptake of a p.o. dose of cholesterol- 3 H after rats were fed 0.06% 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) for either 1 or 2 weeks. For the 2 days prior to the assay, all rats also received 5% cholesterol in the diet. In the control group, the high-cholesterol diet caused almost complete inhibition of cholesterol synthesis, but after AAF treatment the levels of cholesterol synthesis were markedly higher, with considerable variation between individual rats. Uptake of cholesterol- 3 H given p.o. was significantly lower in the AAF group and was also variable, but there was no correlation with sterol synthesis, indicating that impairment of cholesterol uptake is not the critical factor in loss of control. However, liver cholesterol levels in the AAF-fed rats were significantly lower than those in control animals, and there was a highly significant inverse correlation between liver cholesterol levels and sterol synthesis. Therefore, the lack of regulation of cholesterol synthesis induced by AAF appears to be a result of a defect in intracellular storage of cholesterol rather than defective uptake.
Utilization of optimally selected features for car detection in calibrated camera and LRF system

This paper proposes a method for car detection in a calibrated system of camera and Laser Range Finder (LRF). The LRF sensor is used to extract the car candidates by a clustering method. Adjacent points sensed by the LRF are grouped together to form a car candidate. Those car candidates are then filtered out based on their length. Using the property of the calibrated camera and LRF system, region of interests (ROI) on the camera image are defined by the car candidates from LRF data. Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) features are extracted from each ROI. A genetic algorithm (GA) based approach is performed to select the optimal subset of features. Finally, a machine learning based approach is performed to do the validation process. From the experiments, it is shown that the GA based approach enables feature size reduction up to 75% while maintaining the detection performance.
Therapeutic inertia in the treatment of hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review

Therapeutic inertia, defined as the failure to initiate or intensify therapy in a timely manner according to evidence‐based clinical guidelines, is a key reason for uncontrolled hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aims of this systematic review were to identify how therapeutic inertia in the management of hyperglycaemia was measured and to assess its extent over the past decade.
Fabrication and characterization of SU-8 cantilevers with integrated tips designed for dip-pen nanolithography

This thesis presents the fabrication and characterization of SU-8 atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes. A Si mould, covered with 30 nm fluorocarbon as a release layer, is used for the fabrication process sequence. After processing, the SU-8 probes are mechanically removed from the Si mould by using a pair of tweezers. SU-8 is a soft material, E ∼= 4 GPa, which makes it suitable for non-destructive AFM analysis on fragile biological samples such as cells. Furthermore, its surface wettability can be modified by chemical treatments. Therefore, SU-8 is suitable as ink carrier for dip-pen nanolithography. In order to modify the wettability on the surface, SU-8 test samples are treated either with ethanolamine, chrome etchant or UV ozone plasma. The modified SU-8 surface is analyzed by contact angle measurements. The characterization of the SU-8 AFM probes is done in contact and tapping mode. In tapping mode calibrations scans on a 3 μm grid are done. The contact mode is used for detecting varying friction coefficients. Self assembly monolayer of HS-(CH2)15-CH3 molecules and HS-(CH2)10-COOH molecules on Au are used as the sample surface.
Darboux transformations for linear operators on two-dimensional regular lattices

Darboux transformations for linear operators on regular two-dimensional lattices are reviewed. The six-point scheme is considered as the master linear problem, whose various specifications, reductions and sublattice combinations lead to other linear operators together with the corresponding Darboux transformations. The second part of the review deals with multidimensional aspects of (basic reductions of) the four-point scheme, as well as the three-point scheme.
Evaluating Lexical Similarity to build Sentiment Similarity

In this article, we propose to evaluate the lexical similarity information provided by word representations against several opinion resources using traditional Information Retrieval tools. Word representation have been used to build and to extend opinion resources such as lexicon, and ontology and their performance have been evaluated on sentiment analysis tasks. We question this method by measuring the correlation between the sentiment proximity provided by opinion resources and the semantic similarity provided by word representations using different correlation coefficients. We also compare the neighbors found in word representations and list of similar opinion words. Our results show that the proximity of words in state-of-the-art word representations is not very effective to build sentiment similarity.
DUPLICATE WEB PAGES DETECTION WITH THE SUPPORT OF 2 D TABLE APPROACH 1

Duplicate and near duplicate web pages are stopping the process of search engine. As a consequence of duplicate and near duplicates, the common issue for the search engines is raising the indexed storage pages. This high storage memory will slow down the process which automatically increases the serving cost. Finally, the duplication will be raised while gathering the required data from the various sources based on the user’s query. The duplication will definitely slow down the information retrieval process. Duplication is nothing but the similar content or documents located under various sites. Content duplication can be taken place at different forms and levels such as exact document copy, paragraph copy, sentence copy, single word changes and sentence structure changes. Duplication detection is the process of identifying the multiple representations of a same real world object. In this paper, the content duplication is identified using two dimensional (2D) text matrix approach. By using the proposed 2D matrix approach, the system was able to detect duplicate web pages with a high precision value 92% is highlighting that the duplicate web page detection with the 2D technique is performing well Keyword: Near Duplicate Detection, 2D Approach, Information Retrieval, Content Duplicate.
Jaundice-associated acute kidney injury

After spontaneous vaginal delivery, a 32-week-gestation female baby presented immediately with respiratory distress, APGAR scores 0 (1 min) and 2 (5 min), generalized skin oedema and bilateral pleural effusion. The prenatal history was unremarkable. The clinical diagnosis was nonimmune hydrops fetalis, and treatment with mechanical ventilation, surfactant, prostaglandin and supportive measures was initiated. Complications included Escherichia coli sepsis and severe liver dysfunction during the fourth week of life with jaundice (total bilirubin 34.2 mg/dL (0.1–1.0), conjugated bilirubin 24.1 mg/dL (0–0.3), SGOT 231 U/L (8–37), SGPT 86 U/L (8–35), serum albumin 2.9 g/dL (3.5–5.0)). Subsequent acute kidney injury (blood urea nitrogen 184 mg/dL and serum creatinine 1.3 mg/dL) and multiple anuric episodes ensued. The baby died 2 weeks later. At autopsy, the finding of primary pulmonary lymphangiectasia was thought to be the cause of hydrops fetalis. The kidneys were green after formalin fixation (Figure ​(Figure1). 1). Numerous pigmented casts were exclusively present within distal tubules or collecting ducts (Figure ​(Figure2)2) and not within proximal tubules. Most casts were brown red and many had additional greenish-yellow discoloration. A Hall's stain highlights bile pigment in green by converting bilirubin to biliverdin, which confirmed the presence of bile in all casts (Figure ​(Figure22 inset), and supports the diagnosis of jaundice-associated acute kidney injury. Occasional calcium oxalate crystals were also noted within distal nephron segments (not shown) of which some were green tinged. Fig. 1 Conversion of bilirubin to biliverdin after formalin fixation accentuates the green discolouration of the kidney. Fig. 2 Dark red and yellowish-green intratubular casts in the distal nephron segments consist of bile, as confirmed by the Hall's stain (inset, 400×) (H&E, 400×). Acute kidney injury associated with liver dysfunction in jaundiced patients (historically termed cholemic nephrosis) is not fully understood, but tubular injury by direct toxicity of bile salts and bilirubin has been proposed [1–3]. The renal function can recover if the jaundice is managed. The extensive intratubular bile casts observed in our case provide evidence that severe jaundice can lead to intratubular accumulation of bilirubin and bile salts, which may impair renal function either by direct tubular toxicity, nephron obstruction, or both. Conflict of interest statement. None declared.
Notice of RetractionThe mangment of consumer social interactions based on the internet

Consumers' purchase decisions can be influenced by others' opinions, and others' actions. Recent advances in technology have significantly increased the importance of consumer social interactions as a market force. Also information technologies are creating increasing opportunities for firms to facilitate these two types of social interactions. This paper discussed the management of consumer social interactions based on the internet. First, the two types of consumer social interaction were introduced. Then, when and how the seller should adjust its management strategies in response to the two types of consumer social interactions were thought. At last, some management strategies were put forward based on the existing literatures. We find that the seller should pay more attention to consumer social interactions in the period of product production. Providing the existing consumers' observational learning information on their website can benefit the sellers. When deciding whether to provide the platform for consumers to post their product reviews on the seller's website, the seller need to consider the relative size of expert and novice segments. Furthermore, the enterprise should distinguish customers' ranks for their different influence. To different product and marketing conditions, the management strategies should be different. In addition, the third-party reviews, as an important form of word of mouth, can benefit the sellers if they respond to them correctly. In general, we hope that such a study can help an enterprise in its decision making.
Interneuronal Activity in Reflex Pathways from Group II Muscle Afferents Is Monitored by Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract Neurons in the Cat

The main aim of the study was to investigate whether group II muscle afferents contribute to the inhibition of dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT) neurons and thereby modulate information provided by these neurons in the cat. In intracellular recordings, we found disynaptic IPSPs from group II afferents in the majority of DSCT neurons, most often in parallel with IPSPs evoked from group I afferents. In an attempt to identify interneurons that mediate these IPSPs, the second aim of the study, laminas IV–VII in midlumbar segments were searched for interneurons antidromically activated by stimuli applied within Clarke's column. Such interneurons were found in regions in which focal field potentials were evoked by group I and II afferents, or ventral to them, and most were coexcited by these afferents. The input to these interneurons and their location indicate that they belonged to the previously identified population of premotor interneurons in disynaptic pathways between group I and II afferents and hindlimb motoneurons. The study leads thus to the conclusion that inhibitory actions of group II afferents on DSCT neurons are collateral to actions on motoneurons and that DSCT neurons monitor inhibitory actions of group II afferents on motoneurons as closely as they monitor actions of group I afferents. The results also indicate that interneurons mediating disynaptic reflex actions from tendon organ (group Ib) afferents and those mediating disynaptic actions from secondary muscle spindle (group II) afferents to motoneurons may be parts and parcel of the same interneuronal population rather than constitute distinct interneuronal populations.
Visualizing Gene Expression in Living Mammals Using a Bioluminescent Reporter

Abstract— Control of gene expression often involves an interwoven set of regulatory processes. As information regarding regulatory pathways may be lost in ex vivo analyses, we used bioluminescence to monitor gene expression in living mammals. Viral promoters fused to firefly luciferase as transgenes in mice allowed external monitoring of gene expression both superficially and in deep tissues. In vivo bioluminescence was detectable using either intensified or cooled charge‐coupled device cameras, and could be detected following both topical and systemic delivery of substrate. In vivo control of the promoter from the human immunodeficiency virus was demonstrated. As a model for DNA‐based therapies and vaccines, in vivo transfection of a luciferase expression vector (SV‐40 promoter and enhancer controlling expression) was detected. We conclude that gene regulation, DNA delivery and expression can now be noninvasively monitored in living mammals using a luciferase reporter. Thus, real‐time, noninvasive study of gene expression in living animal models for human development and disease is possible.
SHAD: A Human-Centered Security Architecture for the Plan B Operating System

This paper describes SHAD, a novel architecture for security in pervasive computing environments, and a prototype implementation. SHAD is a peer-to-peer and human-centered security architecture. It is based in a general purpose personal device that manages the user's security: the UbiTerm. There are several other systems that, at first sight, seem to provide single sign-on in ubiquitous environments. We argue that they fail to do so in practice, and that SHAD offers for the first time a real SSO that works well in ubiquitous environments that require using multiple machines and services simultaneously. SHAD permits users to share their resources in an easy, natural, and intuitive way, even while being disconnected from the rest of the world. The architecture we propose is able to exploit context information, when it is available. It does not require hard administration tasks, and permits users to manage their own resources. We have been using SHAD for one year. This paper describes our prototype implementation, the experience using it, and some measures that confirm that our approach is reasonable in practice
Severe dysphonia after use of a laryngeal mask airway.

Complications that occur after laryngeal mask airway (LMA) use are usually minor and include an incidence of sore throat occurring in 7-16% of patients; 1,2 More severe complications are anecdotal (i.e. lingual artery compression, 3 transient hypoglossal nerve paralysis 4 and transient bilateral vocal cord paralysis). 5-8 We report three cases of severe dysphonia after anesthesia during which an LMA was used.
Dopaminergic receptor sites in human brain

Positron emission tomography (PET) and 11C-labeled pimozide were used to study the dopaminergic (DA) receptor sites in the human striatum by comparing the latter with the cerebellum, which lacks DA receptors. Although 11C-pimozide concentration was not different in these two brain structures up to 53 minutes after IV injection (thus implying large nonspecific binding), a significant retention of radioactivity in striatum relative to cerebellum was found in controls but not in subjects pretreated with the unlabeled competitor haloperidol. This suggests that the striatal retention seen in controls was due to specific binding of 11C-pimozide to DA receptor sites, whereas prior occupation of the receptor sites by the unlabeled competitor was achieved in pretreated subjects.
An efficient approach for sensor deployments in wireless sensor network

In wireless sensor networks, the number of sensor nodes has direct relation to the cost of total wireless sensor networks, and at the same time, the problem is closely connected to wireless sensor networks' performance, such as robust, fault-tolerance, and furthermore, it is considered at first as wireless sensor networks are designed. Therefore, the research on the number of sensor nodes has significant meanings of theory and practice to design of wireless sensor networks. By computation and analysis, the sensor deployments in the form of equilateral triangle, as a rule, are better than those in the form of square, and the efficient coverage area ratios decrease with increasing number of sensor nodes. Sometime information is incompletely monitored or undetected. This is coverage and connectivity problems. The coverage problem is also one of basic problem in wireless sensor networks. The paper analyzes several sensor deployments and computes their efficient coverage areas and their efficient coverage area ratios. In addition, the relation between the number of sensors and efficient coverage area ratio is discussed.
An overview of current and potential use of information and communication technologies for immunization promotion among adolescents

Information and communication technologies (ICT), such as the Internet or mobile telephony, have become an important part of the life of today’s adolescents and their main means of procuring information. The new generation of the Internet based on social-networking technologies, Web 2.0, is increasingly used for health purposes by both laypeople and health professionals. A broad spectrum of Web 2.0 applications provides several opportunities for healthcare workers, in that they can reach large numbers of teenagers in an individualized way and promote vaccine-related knowledge in an interactive and entertaining manner. These applications, namely social-networking and video-sharing websites, wikis and microblogs, should be monitored in order to identify current attitudes toward vaccination, to reply to vaccination critics and to establish a real-time dialog with users. Moreover, the ubiquity of mobile telephony makes it a valuable means of involving teenagers in immunization promotion, especially in developing countries.