Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surveillance system using cognitive radio approach

Several types of surveillance Systems are available in market, having different functions like security, life savings, and safe driving etc. Currently all available surveillance systems are based on fixed radio access technology. In our work, we evaluate the problems with fixed Radio Access Technology (RAT) based surveillance systems, and then propose a cognitive radio based surveillance system. Now a day's cognitive radio is a symbol of intelligent networks, and lot of work on these types of networks is going on in all over the world. During our tests on fixed RAT based surveillance system, we observe that the fixed RAT based surveillance system is not capable of providing, hundred percent network availability due to signal loss, power loss, hardware theft or due to natural disasters (earth quake, floods etc). We propose a new algorithm to introduce cognition in the existing system.
Management of chronic pain

Until 50 years ago chronic pain was not considered to be a medical condition that required special evaluation and treatment facilities. Pain was considered to be an indicator of tissue damage and appropriate medical or surgical treatment was prescribed for this. The many patients who had continuing pain because of the results of disease or trauma or because acute treatment was unable to relieve the condition were not seen as suffering from a recognised pathological entity. It was not until a doctor, Sicilian-born John J. Bonica, had to pay his debts as a medical student through wrestling professionally, and later suffered persistent pain as a result, that chronic pain became a recognised condition in its own right. Bonica started a pain clinic in Tacoma, Washington State, in 1949 and wrote the first textbook on pain treatment, The Management of Pain, in 1953. There are now 2000-3000 pain clinics in the USA and almost 5000 worldwide. It was recognised early that no single specialist could address all the complexities presented by these patients, and Bonica employed physicians and psychologists in his first pain clinic. The multidisciplinary pain clinic is now considered the ideal facility for the treatment of pain. There are now some 250 pain clinics in the UK but the majority of these are run by anaesthetists with little input from other health care professionals. Although this article is primarily concerned with the psychological and psychiatric aspects of the management of chronic pain, a brief account will be given of techniques used by others in this condition.
Stabilized Sulfonated Aromatic Polymers by in situ Solvothermal Cross-Linking

The cross-link reaction via sulfone bridges of sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SPEEK) by thermal treatment at 180 °C in presence of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) is discussed. The modifications of properties subsequent to the cross-linking are presented. The mechanical strength as well as the hydrolytic stability increased with the thermal treatment time, i.e., with the degree of cross-linking. The proton conductivity was determined as function of temperature, IEC, degree of cross-linking and hydration number. The memory effect, which is the membrane ability to “remember” the water uptake reached at high temperature also at lower temperature, is exploited in order to achieve high values of conductivity. Membranes swelled at 110 °C can reach a conductivity of 0.14 S/cm at 80°C with a hydration number () of 73.
Parallel Database Processing on a 100 Node PC Cluster: Cases for Decision Support Query Processing and Data Mining

We developed a large scale PC cluster system consisting of one hundred Pentium Pro PCs interconnected by an ATM switch, and examined its performance on data warehouse processing. First, we picked up the most complex query of the standard benchmark, TPC-D, on a 100 GB database. Our PC cluster exhibited much higher performance compared with those in current benchmark reports. Second, we developed a parallel association rule mining algorithm and ran it on the PC cluster. Sufficiently high linearity was obtained. Thus we believe such commodity based PC clusters will play a very important role in large scale database processing.
Multi-Resource Fair Allocation in Heterogeneous Cloud Computing Systems

We study the multi-resource allocation problem in cloud computing systems where the resource pool is constructed from a large number of heterogeneous servers, representing different points in the configuration space of resources such as processing, memory, and storage. We design a multi-resource allocation mechanism, called DRFH, that generalizes the notion of Dominant Resource Fairness (DRF) from a single server to multiple heterogeneous servers. DRFH provides a number of highly desirable properties. With DRFH, no user prefers the allocation of another user; no one can improve its allocation without decreasing that of the others; and more importantly, no coalition behavior of misreporting resource demands can benefit all its members. DRFH also ensures some level of service isolation among the users. As a direct application, we design a simple heuristic that implements DRFH in real-world systems. Large-scale simulations driven by Google cluster traces show that DRFH significantly outperforms the traditional slot-based scheduler, leading to much higher resource utilization with substantially shorter job completion times.
What Trauma Looks Like for Incarcerated Men: A Study of Men's Lifetime Trauma Exposure in Two State Prisons.

Objective While it is understood that high rates of trauma exposure are common among incarcerated male populations, there is limited data on the nature of the trauma exposure. This study sought to develop foundational knowledge about the trauma experiences of incarcerated men in order to provide a basis for further theory building in this area. Method This study used a quantitative-qualitative approach to examine the trauma histories of a randomly selected sample of 67 men incarcerated in the Missouri Department of Corrections. Results The analyses revealed several patterns among study participants, including near universal trauma exposure in adolescence with the most frequent exposures involving witnessing or being proximate to violent deaths of family and friends. The mean age of exposure for all trauma exposure types measured was 17 years old. We found that for this group of incarcerated men, trauma exposures in childhood tended to result more from community violence than child maltreatment (e.g., abuse and neglect by caregivers). Conclusion The study results suggested that further research may be needed into the effects of close proximity to violent death during this particular window in adolescent development. Neuroscience research has shown that this is a "sensitive period" in brain development with potential negative outcomes in early adulthood, including emotional regulation deficits that can potentially lead to increased risk of arrest. Further research on trauma exposure within this population is needed both to appropriately serve men while in prison or in the process of reentering society and to support efforts to reduce mass incarceration.
Analytical evaluation of various frequency reuse schemes in cellular OFDMA networks

In this paper, we present an analytical solution to carry out performance analysis of various frequency reuse schemes in an OFDMA based cellular network. We study the performance in downlink in terms of signal to interference (SIR) ratio and cellular capacity. Analytical models are proposed for integer frequency reuse (IFR), fractional frequency reuse (FFR) and two level power control (TLPC) schemes. These models are based on a fluid model originally proposed for CDMA networks. The modeling key of this approach is to consider the discrete base stations entities as a continuum. To validate our approach, Monte Carlo simulations are carried out. Results of validation study show that results obtained through our analytical method are in conformity with those obtained through simulations. However, compared to time consuming simulations, our model is very time efficient. We also present a comparison between above three frequency reuse scheme.
Temporal learning analytics for computer based testing

Predicting student's performance is a challenging, yet complicated task for institutions, instructors and learners. Accurate predictions of performance could lead to improved learning outcomes and increased goal achievement. In this paper we explore the predictive capabilities of student's time-spent on answering (in-)correctly each question of a multiple-choice assessment quiz, along with student's final quiz-score, in the context of computer-based testing. We also explore the correlation between the time-spent factor (as defined here) and goal-expectancy. We present a case study and investigate the value of using this parameter as a learning analytics factor for improving prediction of performance during computer-based testing. Our initial results are encouraging and indicate that the temporal dimension of learning analytics should be further explored.
A label based MAC for OPS multi-rings

This paper considers optical WDM multi-ring metro networks that can be used to support simultaneously multiple client layers. In each ring, time is slotted and Optical Packet Switching (OPS) is implemented thanks to an out of band control channel. Optical packets are thus transparently transmitted between any two nodes on a given ring. We propose here a novel MAC protocol that supports multiple client layers, multiple QoS classes and modes of operation. The MAC relies on label switching and is thus compatible with a global GMPLS control plane. Time slotting facilitates traffic grooming, which is also enhanced by the proposed packet insertion processes. Multicasting facilities, that are compatible with current IP multicast architectures, are embedded into the multi-ring control plane making such a multi-ring network a promising solution for future optical metropolitan area networks.
Maximum Bounded Rooted-Tree Packing Problem

Given a graph and a root, the Maximum Bounded Rooted-Tree Packing (MBRTP) problem aims at finding K rooted-trees that span the largest subset of vertices, when each vertex has a limited outdegree. This problem is motivated by peer-to-peer streaming overlays in under-provisioned systems. We prove that the MBRTP problem is NP-complete. We present two polynomial-time algorithms that computes an optimal solution on complete graphs and trees respectively.
Racial and ethnic differences in use of mammography between Medicare Advantage and traditional Medicare.

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality for women in all racial/ethnic groups. We compared use of mammography by race/ethnicity in Medicare health maintenance organizations (HMOs), preferred provider organizations (PPOs), and traditional Medicare. METHODS We matched 495 836 women in HMOs and 81 480 women in PPOs who were aged 65 to 69 years during 2009 to women enrolled in traditional Medicare by race/ethnicity, Medicaid eligibility status, and geographic area. We identified mammography use from the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set for Medicare HMOs and PPOs and from claims data for traditional Medicare with the same specifications. We then compared racial/ethnic differences in rates of mammography in HMOs and PPOs to matched populations in traditional Medicare and estimated differences with z tests. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Relative to matched white women, mammography rates were statistically significantly higher for black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander women in HMOs (6.1, 5.4, and 0.9 percentage points, respectively; all P ≤ .003) and statistically significantly lower for all three groups in traditional Medicare (3.3, 7.4, and 7.7 percentage points, respectively; all P < .001). Similar improvements in mammography rates also were observed in PPOs among all minority groups relative to traditional Medicare. CONCLUSIONS Higher rates of mammography in HMOs and PPOs were associated with a reversal of racial and ethnic differences observed in traditional Medicare. These differences may be related to lower patient cost-sharing and better systems to promote preventive services in managed care plans, as well as unmeasured characteristics or beliefs of minority women who enroll in these health plans relative to those in traditional Medicare.
Anthropometric Properties versus Physical Performance in Rugby ::union:: Forwards and Backs - A Systematic Review

Background. Rugby union is a team sport with a high amount of physical contact during match play. The physical performance and anthropometric characteristics required, differ based on the playing position. Objectives. The objective of this systematic review was to relate anthropometric properties with physical performance parameters in Rugby union backs and forwards across different playing levels of Tier 1 nations. Methods. Two electronic searches were performed in MEDLINE on the PubMed and on BISp (German Federal Sports Science Institute) databases from August 2016 to July 2017. All experimental study types in English and German were assessed for eligibility. Inclusion criteria were 15-a-side senior male backs and forwards, with anthropometric and/or physical performance data. Results. In n = 7 studies out of 12 selected, the elite forwards were significantly taller than the elite backs (p < 0.05). This accounted not for lower playing levels. Across all levels the forwards were significantly heavier than the backs. Significantly lower body fat percentages for the backs demonstrated n = 5 out of 6 studies. Consequently, backs were more ectomorphic than forwards. Backs reached significantly lower sprint velocities over short distances and higher ones over longer distances (10 to 40 m). Conclusion. Anthropometric parameters adapt to physical performance requested. In strength and endurance test situations heavier players may be underestimated postulating careful interpretation of those results to avoid misleading conclusion.
Conditions for photovoltaics deployment in the UK: The role of policy and technical developments

Abstract The article discusses the conditions necessary to foster photovoltaic (PV) technologies deployment within the UK electricity sector. It explores the incentives to invest in PV technologies by assessing the financial viability of PV system investments in the UK. The analysis focuses on a set of target PV technologies and applications for the domestic sector. First, it provides a picture of profitability and incentives to invest in the targeted PV systems under current UK market, technical, and regulatory conditions. Then, the analysis looks at the role of policy and potential future technological development by exploring the impact of alternative policy instruments and technology cost reductions on the financial viability of investing in PV. The analysis shows that domestic PV investments are generally not profitable under current cost, market, and regulatory conditions. The initial capital costs are too high and the current policy framework is not enough to make PV systems financially viable. The introduction of high-enough feed-in tariffs, as well as the achievement of target cost reductions, would make PV systems financially attractive and would likely increase PV deployment in the UK.
Memory Bias for Anxiety Prior to Academic Achievement Situations: Influences of Time, Mood, Personality and Post-Event-Processing

6 Zusammenfassung . 7 1 Theoretical Background . 10 1.1 Emotional States . 11 1.1.1 Distinguish between Emotional State and Trait . 11 1.1.2 Distinguish between Emotions and Mood . 12 1.1.3 Anxiety: A Specific Emotion . 13 1.1.4 Social Anxiety . 13 1.2 Memory . 17 1.2.1 Organization of Memory – Episodic and Sematic Memory . 17 1.2.2 Autobiographical Memory . 18 1.2.3 Implicit vs. Explicit Autobiographical Memory. 18 1.3 The Self-Memory-System as a Frame Theory . 19 1.3. 1 Linking the Self-Memory-System to other Theories Concerning Emotional Processing . 21 1.3. 2 Accuracy in Memory for Emotional Events . 22 1.3. 2.1 The Accessibility Model Or: The Time as Basic Variable . 23 1.3. 2.2 Mood-Congruency vs. Mood-Incongruency . 25 1.3. 2.3 Post-Event-Appraisals . 28 1.3. 2.4 Personality and Trait Anxiety . 29 1.3. 3 Integration and Aim of the Current Study . 30 1.4 Hypotheses . 34 2 Study 1 . 37 2.1 Hypotheses . 37 2.2 Method . 39 2.2.1 Participants . 39 2.2.2 Measures . 39 2.2.3 Procedure . 40 2.2.4 Statistical Analyses . 42 2.3 Results . 43 2.3. 1 Preliminary Analysis . 43 2.3. 2 Baseline Latent Change Model. 46 2.3. 3 Linear Structural Models for Neuroticism and Extraversion . 47 2.3. 4 Moderator Models for Neuroticism . 48 2.3. 5 Moderator Models for Extraversion . 53
Crisis experiences and welfare attitudes during the Great Recession: A comparative study on the UK, Germany and Sweden

What motivates welfare attitudes during economic crises? While existing research highlights self-interest, this conclusion rests on a predominant conceptualization of citizens’ crisis experiences as personal job loss. However, during economic downturns, people are likely to also witness colleagues or distant others being laid off, which might affect welfare attitudes for reasons beyond self-interest. This article analyses how personal job loss as well as that of colleagues and acquaintances during the Great Recession is related to welfare attitudes in the UK, Germany and Sweden, where welfare regimes and crisis policies differ systematically. Based on Eurobarometer data from 2010, the findings reveal that the importance of personal job loss as well as that of colleagues and acquaintances varies cross-nationally. In the liberal UK – with its modest crisis response – demand for greater public welfare provision is associated with personal job loss. In social-democratic Sweden – with its active crisis management – demand for greater welfare provision is associated with acquaintances’ job loss. In conservative Germany – with its labour market insider-focused crisis response – no clear picture emerges. These findings support a sociological perspective emphasizing the importance of other-regarding concerns for welfare attitudes and the role of institutions in structuring people’s self-interest and normative orientations.
The DSL Method for Pediatric Hearing Instrument Fitting: Historical Perspective and Current Issues

The Desired Sensation Level (DSL) Method was originally developed in the early 1980s to provide clinicians with a systematic, science-based approach to pediatric hearing instrument fitting that ensures audibility of amplified speech by accounting for factors that are uniquely associated with the provision of amplification to infants and young children who have hearing loss. This review identifies and describes several of the primary factors that have been considered in the development of the DSL Method. Specifically, the issues discussed relate to: (1) the definition and measurement of relevant acoustic, electroacoustic and audiometric variables; (2) how the external ear acoustics of infants and young children are accounted for in the DSL Method for both audiometric assessment and in the fitting of amplification; and (3) how the DSL Method has evolved concurrently with developments in hearing instrument and electroacoustic measurement technologies. Finally, current issues in the field are identified that have motivated the development of version 5.0 of the DSL Method for hearing instrument fitting.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Potentiates Central Vagal Afferent Signaling by Modulating Ryanodine Channels

Disease processes such as infection, leukemia, and autoimmune disorders are often associated with nausea, emesis, and anorexia. A common denominator of these rather disparate states is the production of the early, proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) in significant quantities. Recent studies have shown that TNF may act as a neuromodulator in the hindbrain to produce malaise by potentiating visceral afferent signaling at the central processes of the vagus nerve. However, the mechanism by which TNF produces this signal amplification is not known. Our time-lapse calcium imaging studies of individual central vagal afferent varicosities in the caudal brainstem slice preparation show that, although TNF has minimal direct effects to elevate terminal intracellular calcium levels, TNF does potentiate the terminal afferent responses to other stimuli through a ryanodine-based, calcium-induced calcium release mechanism. Such a scheme may explain how TNF sensitizes visceral as well as somatosensory primary afferents.
An evaluation method of anti-jamming performance to receiver based on sample entropy

Aiming to make a quick and right evaluation of the anti-jamming performance to receiver, an evaluation method is put forward, in which the sample entropy (SampEn) values of input and output sequences of receiver are evaluation indexes. The analysis of simulation signals' SampEn validates the rationality of SampEn substituting for Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), because SampEn does not change with the change of signal's amplitude, and monotonically decreases as SNR increases when SNR is in certain range. The evaluation method is able to solve the problem that the SNR gain is difficult to compute, because of the uncertain relation of signal and noise and the distortion in the receiver process. The method can also avoid the huge statistical computing, which achieves the purpose that the receiver's anti-jamming performance is evaluated only by input and output sequences, without any other conditions. Lastly, an experiment validates the feasibility and effectivity of the proposed evaluation method.
Poverty Analysis Within a General Equilibrium Framework

The main objective of this paper is to show how Social Accounting Matrices (SAM) and Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Models can be used to highlight and address issues related to income distribution and poverty. The paper is divided into two major parts. Part 1 presents the concept of the SAM as a comprehensive, consistent and disaggregated data system and shows how the SAM methodology can be used to analyze issues related to income distribution and, in a much more limited way, poverty. Part 2 is devoted to the presentation of a CGE model calibrated on an archetype African SAM (same as above). One innovation in the specification of the present CGE is that it goes part way in endogenizing the poverty line and the resulting poverty incidence among the different socioeconomic household groups and representing income distribution with a flexible Beta distribution function and using the F-G-T additively decomposable class of poverty measures. The model is used to simulate the impact of two exogenous shocks (a fall in the price of the export crop and an import tariff reform) specifically on poverty.