Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementing of neuro-fuzzy system with high-speed, low-power CMOS circuits in current-mode

This paper presents a new general purpose neuro-fuzzy controller to realize adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) architecture. ANFIS which tunes the fuzzy inference system with a back propagation algorithm based on collection of input-output data makes fuzzy system to learn. To implementing this idea we propose several improved CMOS analog circuits, including Gaussian-like membership function circuit, minimization circuit, and a defuzzification circuit. A two-input/one-output neuro-fuzzy system composed of these circuits is implemented. The control surfaces of controller are obtained by using ANFIS training and simulation results of integrated circuits in less than 0.045mm2 area in 0. 35µm CMOS standard technology. Simulation results show that all the proposed circuits provide characteristics of high operation capacity, high speed, and simple structures. They are very suitable for rapid implementation of high-speed complex neuro-fuzzy system.
Frames containing a Riesz basis and preservation of this property under perturbations

Aldroubi has shown how one can construct any frame $\gtu$ starting with one frame $\ftu $,using a bounded operator U on the space of square summable sequences ${\ell}^2(N)$. We study the overcompleteness of the frames in terms of properties of U. We also discuss perturbation of frames in the sense that two frames are "close" if a certain operator is compact. In this way we obtain an equivalence relation with the property that frames in the same equivalence class have the same overcompleteness. On the other hand we show that perturbation in the Paley--Wiener sense does not have this property. Finally we construct a frame which is norm bounded below but which does not contain a Riesz basis. The construction is based on the delicate difference between the unconditional convergence of the frame representation and the fact that a convergent series in the frame elements need not converge unconditionally.
First identification of Rickettsia helvetica in questing ticks from a French Northern Brittany Forest

Tick-borne rickettsiae are considered to be emerging, but data about their presence in western Europe are scarce. Ixodes ricinus ticks, the most abundant and widespread tick species in western Europe, were collected and tested for the presence of several tick-borne pathogens in western France, a region never previously explored in this context. There was a high tick abundance with a mean of 4 females, 4.5 males, and 23.3 nymphs collected per hour per collector. Out of 622 tested ticks, specific PCR amplification showed the presence of tick symbionts as well as low prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi (0.8%), Bartonella spp. (0.17%), and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (0.09%). The most prevalent pathogen was Rickettsia helvetica (4.17%). This is the first time that this bacteria has been detected in ticks in this region, and this result raises the possibility that bacteria other than those classically implicated may be involved in rickettsial diseases in western France.
Replication data for: Targeting Long Rates in a Model with Segmented Markets

This paper develops a model of segmented financial markets in which the net worth of financial institutions limits the degree of arbitrage across the term structure. The model is embedded into the canonical Dynamic New Keynesian (DNK) framework. Our principle results include the following. First, there are welfare gains to having the central bank respond to the term premium, eg. , including the term premium in the Taylor Rule. But the sign of the preferred response depends upon the type of shocks driving the business cycle. Second, a policy that directly targets the term premium sterilizes the real economy from shocks originating in the financial sector. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, or of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or its staff. We have received excellent research assistance from Dasha Safonova.
A lightweight hybrid hardware/software approach for object-relative memory profiling

Memory profiling is the process of collecting memory address traces during the execution of a program, then analyzing and characterizing the memory behavior of the program offline. With the trend that there will be more and more cores integrated in a processor chip, the “Memory Wall” problem will become more serious in the chip multiprocessor (CMP) system. Thus accurate and effective memory profiling is becoming one of the keys to identify the source of memory system bottlenecks. A large body of work has been contributed to memory profiling, however, most adopts instrumentation, simulator which suffers heavy overhead, or hardware performance counter which is lack of detail trace information. Furthermore, correlating the raw memory address traces with object-relative information allows us to separate regular pattern for certain object from the irregular mixed, thus helps the optimization. In this paper, we propose a lightweight hybrid hardware/software approach for object-relative memory profiling. We monitor physical memory addresses through hardware snooping with negligible overhead; meanwhile we dump Linux kernel page tables of processes, as well as object-relative memory allocation information. Our approach supports not only to collect applications' full memory traces with detail object relative information, but also to identify hardware-generated memory accesses such as page memory walks due to TLB miss at object level. The experimental results on real system show that our approach is highly accurate (the largest error is 2.04%) and low overhead (the average overhead is 1.60%). Furthermore, we profile two multi-thread applications in detail, and successfully identity hot TLB-miss objects. With object-targeted optimization, we can improve applications' performance by nearly 6.86%.
Markov Chain Monte Carlo Analysis of Option Pricing Models

We use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to investigate a large class of continuous-time option pricing models. These include: constant-volatility, stochastic volatility, price jump-diffusions and volatility jump-diffusions. Estimation of these models is difficult or impossible by usual statistical methods. Consequently, there is little consensus which model is best. We propose a new Bayesian method for estimation and model selection, the “Mixture Model MCMC” algorithm. Formal model selection is performed by posterior model probabilities. Probabilities for each model are calculated using historic returns and option prices over the S&P 500 index. The method allow for joint inference of the physical and risk-neutral distribution of parameters. ∗Email: matthewcpollard@berkeley.edu, I would like to thank Tom Smith, Doug Foster and Michael Martin for their invaluable advice, criticism and cuban cigars.
An Evaluation of Complications in Ultrasound-Guided Central Venous Catheter Insertion in the Emergency Department

SUMMARY Objectives In emergency departments, emergency physicians frequently have to perform central venous access. In cases where peripheral venous access is not possible, central venous access is required for dialysis, fulfillment of urgent fluid need, or central venous pressure measurement. This study was carried out to evaluate the emergence of complications in the process of and in the 15 days following the insertion of central venous catheter under ultrasound guidance in the emergency department. Methods For this study, patients who presented to the emergency department over a period of eight months with an urgent need for central catheter were examined prospectively. Age, gender, and accompanying diseases of patients as well as the type, time, duration, and indication of the venous access were recorded. Furthermore, the amount of experience of the physician was taken into consideration. Results In the emergency department, physicians performed ultrasound-guided central venous catheter insertion for 74 patients (40 men and 34 women). For access, internal jugular vein was used in 65 (87.8%) patients, and femoral vein was used in 9 (12.2%) patients. The reason for access was urgent dialysis need in 55 (74.3%), CVP measurement in 3 (4.1%), fluid support due to severe hypovolemia in 6 (8.1%), and difficulty of peripheral venous access in 10 (13.5%) patients. None of the patients developed complications in the process of or after the insertion. Patients did not have infections related to the catheter in 15 days following the insertion. Conclusions Central venous access is frequently required in emergency departments. The risk of complication is little if any in ultrasonographyguided access carried out under appropriate conditions.
The Extracellular Vesicles of the Helminth Pathogen, Fasciola hepatica: Biogenesis Pathways and Cargo Molecules Involved in Parasite Pathogenesis*

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by parasites have important roles in establishing and maintaining infection. Analysis of the soluble and vesicular secretions of adult Fasciola hepatica has established a definitive characterization of the total secretome of this zoonotic parasite. Fasciola secretes at least two subpopulations of EVs that differ according to size, cargo molecules and site of release from the parasite. The larger EVs are released from the specialized cells that line the parasite gastrodermus and contain the zymogen of the 37 kDa cathepsin L peptidase that performs a digestive function. The smaller exosome-like vesicle population originate from multivesicular bodies within the tegumental syncytium and carry many previously described immunomodulatory molecules that could be delivered into host cells. By integrating our proteomics data with recently available transcriptomic data sets we have detailed the pathways involved with EV biogenesis in F. hepatica and propose that the small exosome biogenesis occurs via ESCRT-dependent MVB formation in the tegumental syncytium before being shed from the apical plasma membrane. Furthermore, we found that the molecular “machinery” required for EV biogenesis is constitutively expressed across the intramammalian development stages of the parasite. By contrast, the cargo molecules packaged within the EVs are developmentally regulated, most likely to facilitate the parasites migration through host tissue and to counteract host immune attack.
Understanding Organizational Agility: A Work-Design Perspective

Abstract : This paper introduces a unified theoretical model of organizational agility and investigates the attributes of knowledge-intensive work-design systems, which contribute to achieving and sustaining organizational agility. Even though there has been considerable research on the topic of agility, these studies are not unified regarding their conceptualizations of agility and/or tend to adopt fairly limited views of agility dimensionality. Here, we organize a review of existing definitions and conceptual models of organizational agility, and proceed to advance a relatively comprehensive model built from a work-design perspective. This new model offers a theoretical platform for understanding organizational agility. This paper further investigates those attributes of a work design system that contribute to organizational agility. A knowledge-intensive work-design system is an example of an edge organization. Its governance mechanism "participant engagement governance, network governance, and system dynamic governance" involves three work-design levels: strategic, operational, and episodic. We contend that an entrepreneurial governance pattern has attributes contributing to organization agility, whereby the impetus for its work-design efforts stem not from some deep hierarchical authority pattern, but rather is distributed among participants and through their networking dynamics. These attributes allow each participant positioned at the edge of the system to stay alert and respond to environing trends and forces, on behalf of the system and in concert with the system. Results of an illustrative case study are reported.
2.5-Month-Old Infants' Reasoning about When Objects Should and Should Not Be Occluded

The present research examined 2.5-month-old infants' reasoning about occlusion events. Three experiments investigated infants' ability to predict whether an object should remain continuously hidden or become temporarily visible when passing behind an occluder with an opening in its midsection. In Experiment 1, the infants were habituated to a short toy mouse that moved back and forth behind a screen. Next, the infants saw two test events that were identical to the habituation event except that a portion of the screen's midsection was removed to create a large window. In one event (high-window event), the window extended from the screen's upper edge; the mouse was shorter than the bottom of the window and thus did not become visible when passing behind the screen. In the other event (low-window event), the window extended from the screen's lower edge; although the mouse was shorter than the top of the window and hence should have become fully visible when passing behind the screen, it never appeared in the window. The infants tended to look equally at the high- and low-window events, suggesting that they were not surprised when the mouse failed to appear in the low window. However, positive results were obtained in Experiment 2 when the low-window event was modified: a portion of the screen above the window was removed so that the left and right sections of the screen were no longer connected (two-screens event). The infants looked reliably longer at the two-screens than at the high-window event. Together, the results of Experiments 1 and 2 suggested that, at 2.5 months of age, infants possess only very limited expectations about when objects should and should not be occluded. Specifically, infants expect objects (1) to become visible when passing between occluders and (2) to remain hidden when passing behind occluders, irrespective of whether these have openings extending from their upper or lower edges. Experiment 3 provided support for this interpretation. The implications of these findings for models of the origins and development of infants' knowledge about occlusion events are discussed.
Automatic Multimedia Knowledge Discovery, Summarization and Evaluation

This paper presents novel methods for automatically discovering, summarizing and evaluating multimedia knowledge from annotated images in the form of images clusters, word senses and relationships among them, among others. These are essential for applications to intelligently, efficiently and coherently deal with multimedia. The proposed methods include automatic techniques (1) for constructing perceptual knowledge by clustering the images based on visual and text feature descriptors, and discovering similarity and statistical relationships between the clusters; (2) for constructing semantic knowledge by disambiguating the senses of words in the annotations using WordNet and the images clusters, and finding semantic relations between the senses in WordNet; (3) for reducing the size of multimedia knowledge by clustering similar concepts together; and (4) for evaluating the quality of multimedia knowledge using information and graph theory notions. Experiments show the potential of integrating the analysis of images and annotations for improving the performance of the image clustering and the wordsense disambiguation, the importance of good concept distance measures for knowledge summarization, and the usefulness of automatic measures for evaluating knowledge quality.
Mass loss from dwarf spheroidal galaxies: the origins of shallow dark matter cores and exponential surface brightness profiles

Dwarf spheroidal galaxies have shallow central dark matter density profiles, low angular momentum and approximately exponential surface brightness distributions. Through N-body simulations and analytic calculations we investigate the extent to which these properties can be generated from ‘typical’ΛCDM galaxies, which differ in all of these properties, by the dynamical consequences of feedback. We find that, for a wide range of initial conditions, one impulsive mass-loss event will naturally produce a surface brightness profile in the remaining stellar component of a dwarf spheroidal galaxy (dSph) which is well-fitted over many scalelengths by an exponential, in good qualitative agreement with observations of Local Group dSphs. Furthermore, two impulsive mass-loss phases, punctuated by significant gas re-accretion, are found to be sufficient to transform a central density cusp in the dark matter profile into a near-constant density core. This may then provide the missing link between current cosmological simulations, which predict a central cusp in the dark matter density profile, and current observations, which find much shallower central density profiles. We also look at the angular momentum history of dSphs and demonstrate that if these galaxies have spent most of their lifetime in tidal isolation from massive galaxies then they cannot have formed from high angular momentum gas discs.
A patient-specific biological command based controller for the Human-inspired robotic exoskeleton (HuREx): A case study for gait-swing assistance robot

A biological command based controller designed for the Human-inspired robotic exoskeleton (HuREx) was developed and introduced in this paper. This controller is built upon human's musculoskeletal system which could provide subject-specific parameters for the controller as well as the robot design. There are two layers in the biological command based controller: the outer position controller and the inner force controller which aim to track desired position and force respectively. Desired forces aiming to control the actuators were calculated firstly by the real-time muscle force estimation (RMFE) algorithm using kinematic inputs. Then a model based PID controller was used as the inner force controller to control the pneumatic air muscle actuators directly. The controller was tested by a gait-swing assistance robot. A gait cycle of knee joint was used as desired trajectory for position tracking. The simulation results show that the proposed biological command based controller could track both desired knee angles and desired forces.
Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Compounds Isolated from Flourensia oolepis

The antibacterial and cytotoxic effects of metabolites isolated from an antibacterial extract of Flourensia oolepis were evaluated. Bioguided fractionation led to five flavonoids, identified as 2′,4′-dihydroxychalcone (1), isoliquiritigenin (2), pinocembrin (3), 7-hydroxyflavanone (4), and 7,4′-dihydroxy-3′-methoxyflavanone (5). Compound 1 showed the highest antibacterial effect, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 31 to 62 and 62 to 250 μg/mL, against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. On further assays, the cytotoxic effect of compounds 1–5 was determined by MTT assay on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell lines including their multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotypes. Compound 1 induced a remarkable cytotoxic activity toward ALL cells (IC50 = 6.6–9.9 μM) and a lower effect against CML cells (IC50 = 27.5–30.0 μM). Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle distribution and cell death by PI-labeled cells and by Annexin V/PI staining, respectively. Upon treatment, 1 induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase accompanied by a strong induction of apoptosis. These results describe for the first time the antibacterial metabolites of F. oolepis extract, with 1 being the most effective. This chalcone also emerges as a selective cytotoxic agent against sensitive and resistant leukemic cells, highlighting its potential as a lead compound.
Intervehicle Range Estimation From Periodic Broadcasts

Dedicated short-range communications enables vehicular communication using periodic broadcast messages. We propose to use these periodic broadcasts to perform intervehicle ranging. Motivated by this scenario, we study the general problem of range estimation between pairs of moving vehicles using periodic broadcasts. Each vehicle has its own independent and unsynchronized clock, which can exhibit significant drift between consecutive periodic broadcast transmissions. Consequently, both the clock offsets and drifts need to be taken into account in addition to the vehicle motion to accurately estimate the vehicle ranges. We develop a range estimation algorithm using local polynomial smoothing of the vehicle motion. The proposed algorithm can be applied to networks with arbitrary number of vehicles and requires no additional message exchanges apart from the periodic broadcasts. We experimentally validate our algorithm and show that its performance is close to that of unicast round-trip time ranging. In particular, we are able to achieve submeter ranging accuracies in vehicular scenarios. Our scheme requires additional timestamp information to be transmitted as part of the broadcast messages, and we develop a novel timestamp compression algorithm to minimize the resulting overhead.
Web searching: A process-oriented experimental study of three interactive search paradigms

This article compares search effectiveness when using query-based Internet search (via the Google search engine), directory-based search (via Yahoo), and phrase-based query reformulation-assisted search (via the Hyperindex browser) by means of a controlled, user-based experimental study. The focus was to evaluate aspects of the search process. Cognitive load was measured using a secondary digit-monitoring task to quantify the effort of the user in various search states; independent relevance judgements were employed to gauge the quality of the documents accessed during the search process and time was monitored as a function of search state. Results indicated directory-based search does not offer increased relevance over the query-based search (with or without query formulation assistance), and also takes longer. Query reformulation does significantly improve the relevance of the documents through which the user must trawl, particularly when the formulation of query terms is more difficult. However, the improvement in document relevance comes at the cost of increased search time, although this difference is quite small when the search is self-terminated. In addition, the advantage of the query reformulation seems to occur as a consequence of providing more discriminating terms rather than by increasing the length of queries.
Using Wikipedia Categories for Discovering the Themes of Text Documents

This paper describes a new unsupervised approach for identifying the main themes of any text document with the aid of Wikipedia. In contrast to others, the proposed algorithm relies on merely two main aspects of Wikipedia, namely its articles titles and categories structure. The inner content of the articles of Wikipedia are not employed in our algorithm. We describe in this paper how to build a Term-Categories vector that defines how strong a term is associated to a Wikipedia concept. We also explain how this vector is employed when processing a text document to discover its main themes. We report the performance of our method by attempting to predict the most representative categories for a subset of Wikipedia articles.