Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contraction Accelerates Myosin Heavy Chain Synthesis Rates in Adult Cardiocytes by an Increase in the Rate of Translational Initiation (*)

The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism by which contraction acutely accelerates the synthesis rate of the contractile protein myosin heavy chain (MHC). Laminin-adherent adult feline cardiocytes were maintained in a serum-free medium and induced to contract at 1 Hz via electrical field stimulation. Electrical stimulation of contraction accelerated rates of MHC synthesis 28%, p < 0.05 by 4 h as determined by incorporation of phenylalanine into MHC. MHC mRNA expression as measured by RNase protection was unchanged after 4 h of electrical stimulation. MHC mRNA levels in messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes and translating polysomes were examined by sucrose gradient fractionation. The relative percentage of polysome-bound MHC mRNA was equal at 47% in both electrically stimulated and control cardiocytes. However, electrical stimulation of contraction resulted in a reproducible shift of MHC mRNA from smaller polysomes into larger polysomes, indicating an increased rate of initiation. This shift resulted in significant increases in MHC mRNA levels in the fractions containing the larger polysomes of electrically stimulated cardiocytes as compared with nonstimulated controls. These data indicate that the rate of MHC synthesis is accelerated in contracting cardiocytes via an increase in translational efficiency.
Does clopidogrel with aspirin after acute minor stroke or transient ischemic attack increase the risk of cerebral hemorrhage?

DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20141184 Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China (Zheng HP, Chen CL, Hu ZP and Yang L) Correspondence to: Dr. Yang Li, Department of Neurology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China (Tel: 86-731-85295856. Fax: 86-73185361500. Email: yangli762@gmail.com) The authors declare no conflicts of interests. Clinical practice
Dependence of matrix effect on ionization polarity during LC–ESI–MS analysis of derivatized amino acids in some natural samples

Matrix effect, the influence of co-eluting components on the ionization efficiency of the analyte, affects the trueness and precision of the LC–ESI–MS analysis. Derivatization can reduce or eliminate matrix effect, for example, diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate (DEEMM) derivatives have shown less matrix effect compared to other derivatives. Moreover, the use of negative ion mode can further reduce matrix effect. In order to investigate the combination of derivatization and different ionization modes, an LC–ESI–MS/MS method using alternating positive/negative ion mode was developed and validated. The analyses in positive and negative ion modes had comparable limit of quantitation values. The influence of ESI polarity on matrix effect was investigated during the analysis of 22 DEEMM-derivatized amino acids in herbal extracts and honeys. Sample dilution approach was used for the evaluation of the presence of matrix effect. Altogether, 4 honeys and 11 herbal extracts were analyzed, and the concentrations of 22 amino acids in the samples are presented. In the positive ion mode, matrix effect was observed for several amino acid derivatives and the matrix effect was stronger in honey samples compared to the herbal extracts. The negative ion mode was free from matrix effect, with only few exceptions in honeys (average relative standard deviation over all analytes and matrices was 8%; SD = 7%). The matrix effect was eliminated in the positive ion mode by sample dilution and agreement between concentrations from the two ion modes was achieved for most amino acids. In conclusion, it was shown that the combination of derivatization and negative ion mode can be a powerful tool for minimizing matrix effect in more complicated applications.
CC chemokine receptor polymorphism CCR5Δ32 in Portuguese Behçet's disease patients.

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether CCR5 deletion is associated with susceptibility to Behçet's disease (BD) in a Portuguese population. METHODS A total of 122 BD patients and 227 ethnically-matched controls were studied. Genotyping of the CCR5Δ32 polymorphisms was performed using polymerase chain reaction product sizing. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in the allelic frequencies of CCR532 between patients and controls (OR=0.820; p=0.512). Stratification for gender and for the presence of HLA-B*51 did not reveal any significant differences. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that CCR5Δ32 is unlikely to contribute to susceptibility to BD in Portuguese patients. This may be explained by the known functional redundancy of this signalling system.
Maternal Control of Haplodiploid Sex Determination in the Wasp Nasonia

The Wasps and the Bees Sex development in bees and wasps depends on whether or not they develop from a haploid unfertilized egg (resulting in males) or diploid fertilized egg (resulting in females). Although these ploidy-level developmental processes are conserved among bees and wasps, the mechanisms that direct development down a male or female pathway differ significantly. By examining the sex-determining genes in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia, Verhulst et al. (p. 620) have shown that a maternal messenger RNA (mRNA) is necessary to initiate the female pathway. The mRNA operates in combination with conserved maternal and paternal genes to produce females, which explains why females are diploids. In unfertilized eggs, maternal provisioning of the gene transcript is too low to initiate the female pathway. Femaleness in a parasitoid wasp, unlike in bees, requires male and female input, explaining why diploids are female. All insects in the order Hymenoptera have haplodiploid sex determination, in which males emerge from haploid unfertilized eggs and females are diploid. Sex determination in the honeybee Apis mellifera is controlled by the complementary sex determination (csd) locus, but the mechanisms controlling sex determination in other Hymenoptera without csd are unknown. We identified the sex-determination system of the parasitic wasp Nasonia, which has no csd locus. Instead, maternal input of Nasonia vitripennis transformer (Nvtra) messenger RNA, in combination with specific zygotic Nvtra transcription, in which Nvtra autoregulates female-specific splicing, is essential for female development. Our data indicate that males develop as a result of maternal imprinting that prevents zygotic transcription of the maternally derived Nvtra allele in unfertilized eggs. Upon fertilization, zygotic Nvtra transcription is initiated, which autoregulates the female-specific transcript, leading to female development.
Analysis of intermittent supply systems in water scarcity conditions and evaluation of the resource distribution equity indices

Generally, urban water distribution shortage situations are solved by introducing discontinuous service and rationing the available water resources. This approach is widely adopted, not only in developing countries but also in developed ones, for solving short term scarcity conditions which can be caused by unpredicted drought periods. Intermittent distribution has the advantage of requiring small financial efforts but it leads to network operating conditions that are very far from the usual design ones. With the aim to analyse and describe the water supply network behaviour in intermittent conditions, a network hydraulic model has been set up in which both user and manager dependent regulation structures have been schematised (pumps, private reservoirs, etc.). The analysis allowed evaluating network performance introducing several control strategies so suggesting operational plans for reducing the impact of water scarcity events on population and improving resources distribution equity. The presented model has been applied to the water distribution network of Palermo (Italy).
Optics Design and Optimizations of the Multi-Color TES Bolometer Camera for the ASTE Telescope

Wideband continuum observations at the millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths are of great importance to the understanding of the cosmic history of star-formation across the Hubble time, as well as the thermal and non-thermal aspects of clusters of galaxies through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. To promote such studies, a new TES bolometer camera for the ASTE telescope has been developed. In this article we present the study of the optics system that will couple the camera to the telescope's Cassegrain optics. Two-color simultaneous observation capability and 7.5 ' diameter FoV are achieved. These two focal planes are used for the 270 and 350 GHz bands for Phase I, and the 350 and 670 GHz bands for Phase II configurations. The numbers of pixels are 169, 271, and 919 pixels for 270, 350, and 670 GHz bands, respectively. The shape of the third ellipsoid mirror is optimized, and the designed optics is foreseen to be diffraction limited. The optics is also evaluated via physical optics calculations, and the diameter of the cold pupil is optimized to 85% of the geometrical design. Without filters and Ruze losses, the aperture efficiencies of each beam are ~35%, 35%, and 32%, and the beam sizes are ~28", 22", and 12", for the 270, 350, and 670 GHz bands, respectively.
Functional torque ratios and torque curve analysis of shoulder rotations in overhead athletes with and without impingement symptoms

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the peak torque, functional torque ratios, and torque curve profile of the shoulder rotators in overhead athletes with impingement symptoms so as to examine possible alterations in response to sports training and shoulder pain. Twenty-one overhead athletes with impingement symptoms were compared with 25 overhead athletes and 21 non-athletes, none of whom were symptomatic for impingement. The participants performed five maximal isokinetic concentric and eccentric contractions of medial and lateral shoulder rotations at 1.57 rad · s−1 and 3.14 rad · s−1. Isokinetic peak torque was used to calculate the eccentric lateral rotation-to-concentric medial rotation and the eccentric medial rotation-to-concentric lateral rotation ratios. An analysis of the torque curve profiles was also carried out. The eccentric lateral rotation-to-concentric medial rotation torque ratio of asymptomatic athletes was lower than that of non-athletes at both test velocities. The concentric medial rotation isokinetic peak torque of the asymptomatic athletes, at 3.14 rad · s−1, was greater than that of the non-athletes, and the peak appeared to occur earlier in the movement for athletes than non-athletes. These findings suggest that there may be adaptations to shoulder function in response to throwing practice. The eccentric medial rotation-to-concentric lateral rotation torque ratio was altered neither by the practice of university-level overhead sports nor impingement symptoms.
The Small Group and Public Administration

O UTSTANDING even among the bullish research upturns in the social sciences has been the attention devoted to the small group. This emphasis does not reflect a passing scholarly fancy. There has been sufficient research progress and sufficient demonstration that striking changes can be wrought in group achievement to warrant continued attention to the way people behave in small groups.2 One graphic example is illustrated on the following page (Figure i). It records the average hourly production of a group of workers allowed to come to their own decisions about work goals and processes (top line), compared to other workers in the plant who were exhorted by management to increase output (lower line). To permit detailed descriptions of such cases of small group change, much recent study has been devoted to the relations of persons in ad hoc groups in social laboratories. Such work does not yet permit the construction of a theory which allows us to understand small groups, that is, to predict their behavior and prescribe for their ills. For theory development requires the ability to identify for small groups the characteristics most relevant to their behavior and it also requires the ability to measure differences in these characteristics. Now only a few characteristics have been iso-
Screening and Public Health Strategies for Diabetic Retinopathy in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes mellitus that can cause blindness. As the prevalence of diabetes increases globally and patients live longer, the cases of DR are increasing. To address the visual disabilities due to DR, screening of all diabetics is suggested for early detection. The rationale and principles of DR screening are discussed. Based on the available evidence, the magnitude of DR in countries in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) is presented. Public health strategies to control visual disabilities due to DR are discussed. These include generating evidence for planning, implementing standard operating procedures, periodic DR screening, focusing on primary prevention of DR, strengthening DR management, health information management and retrieval systems for DR, rehabilitating DR visually disabled, using low-cost technologies, adopting a comprehensive approach by integrating DR care into the existing health systems, health promotion/counseling, and involving the community. Although adopting the public health approach for DR has been accepted as a priority by member countries of EMR, challenges in implementation remain. These include limitations in the public health approach for DR compared to that for cataract, few skilled workers, poor health systems and lack of motivation in affecting health-related lifestyle changes in diabetics.Visual disabilities due to DR are likely to increase in the coming years. An organized public health approach must be adopted and all stakeholders must work together to control severe visual disabilities due to DR.
Deepen spectrum notch of CR signals with Partial Response System

Partial Response System (PRS) is introduced to OFDM technology to deepen spectrum notch when some subcarriers are turned off. By this, controllable interference which can be removed in the receiver without enhancing system complexity, is introduced to the cognitive radio (CR) signals. It can change spectrum shape of subcarriers of OFDM signals and deepen the spectrum notch when turning off some subcarriers. Therefore, this method can lower the interference between primary users and secondary ones in CR systems. Some simulation results are shown in this paper to approve the performance of this method.
Trade, skill-biased technical change and wages in Mexican manufacturing ∗

This paper analyses and quantifies the effects of trade liberalisation and skill-biased technical change, both exogenous and trade-induced, on the skill premium and real wages of unskilled and skilled workers in the Mexican manufacturing sector, using industry- and firm-level data for 1984-1990 from the Encuesta Industrial Anual. The novelty of the paper lies in its strategy for identifying causality, which uses differences across industries over time in the relative price of machinery and equipment in the US as an instrument for skill-biased technical change. The effect of trade-induced SBTC on wages, and especially on wage inequality, appears substantial. The regressions show that trade liberalisation and changes in the relative price of equipment in the US, which induce exogenous SBTC in Mexico, explain one quarter of the increase in relative skilled wages between 1984 and 1990. This rise in
6th International Conference on Software Development and Technologies for Enhancing Accessibility and Fighting Infoexclusion (DSAI 2015)

We propose a new paradigm for public participation in urban planning, a field which presents significant challenges for public understanding and participation. Our approach is based on leveraging the rich diversity of meaning associated with cultural gestures, traditions, folklore, and rituals, and using them in augmented reality systems, in order for citizens’ to explore, understand, and communicate the complex, systemic ideas and concepts associated with urban planning. At an immediate level, this approach holds the potential for enabling increased public awareness of what is at stake in urban planning - both on the part of citizens and on the part of public officials, policy-makers, and decision-makers – and consequently enhancing understanding and improving participation in public life and citizenship. It may also open up a new field of research and development in human-computer interaction, to leverage the richness of meaning and modes of expression which exist in various cultures and societies, rather than ignoring them and imposing dumbed-down or prescribed command methods. Thus, it aims to facilitate new levels of empowerment of users in the use of digital systems and data. The active utilization of cultural meaning in
[Eyelid measures before and after upper blepharoplasty--quantitative evaluation].

PURPOSE To evaluate eyelid measures before and after upper blepharoplasty surgery using a digital image system. METHODS Eighteen eyelids of 9 patients with dermatochalasis were evaluated at the Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu-UNESP regarding eyelid measures before and after upper blepharoplasty. All patients were female, aged between 40 and 75 years. The images were acquired by a photographic camera, transferred to a computer and then analyzed by the Scion Image Frame Grabber program. The evaluated parameters were upper eyelid position in primary gaze position, upper palpebral sulcus and lateral eyelid angle. The measures were obtained before and after 60 days of upper dermatochalasis surgery. RESULTS After the surgery, there was an increase of upper eyelid position and upper palpebral sulcus; the lateral palpebral angle did not show any alteration. CONCLUSION Eyelid position changes after blepharoplasty and digital image processing provides quantitative measures of the eyelid, allowing a better quantification of the surgical results.
The Effect of Fabric Type of Common Iranian Working Clothes on the Induced Cardiac and Physiological Strain Under Heat Stress

The present study compared the effect of fabric type of working clothes on heat strain responses in different levels of physical workload and under different kinds of weather conditions. Four kinds of working clothing fabric that are greatly popular in Iranian industry were assessed on 18 healthy male at 2 environments: hot and humid (dry temperature [DBt]: 35°C and relative humidity [RH]: 70%) and hot and dry (DBt: 40°C and RH: 40%). The physiological responses such as heart rate and core body temperature were reported. It was found that there were no significant differences between different types of clothing fabric on cardiac and physiological parameters. It can be recommended that 100% cotton clothing ensemble during low-workload activities and 30.2% cotton–69.8% polyester clothing ensemble during moderate-workload activities is used for Iranian workers to maintain the cardiac and physiological strains as low as possible.
Remittances in the balance of payments framework: current problems and forthcoming improvements

This paper outlines the current definitions and practices for the compilation and dissemination of data on remittances in the balance of payments framework. It outlines shortcomings in this framework as well as additional data needs identified by data users. It completes the picture by outlining the development of improved definitions and concepts – a process about to be completed – as well as setting out the plans for improved compilation guidance.
Diethylstilbestrol and Other Nonsteroidal Estrogens: Novel Class of Store-Operated Calcium Channel Modulators

Background: Compounds with the stilbene pharmacophore and other nonsteroidal estrogens have previously been shown to inhibit thrombin-induced elevation of intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) in human platelets. Thrombin elevates [Ca2+]i in platelets predominantly by activating a store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) mechanism, probably involving STIM1 and Orai1 although other components may be involved. Methods: Human platelets were loaded with the Ca2+ sensitive indicator fura-2, various concentrations of stilbene compounds and other nonsteroidal estrogens were added to the platelets, and thrombin was added to elevate [Ca2+]i. The degree of inhibition by each compound was determined at the peak increase in [Ca2+]i induced by thrombin. Results: The additional compounds that were examined in the present study were analogs of diethylstilbestrol (DES), namely trans-resveratrol, hexestrol, tetrahydrochrysene (THC), indenestrol, isoflavones, flavones, and flavanones. DES, indenestrols, and substituted THC diols had the highest inhibitory activity. Dietary polyphenols were less active, and isoflavones were more active than flavones. Glycosides of flavones, flavanones, and isoflavones were inactive. Equol (a product of isoflavone metabolism) had low activity. Among the compounds with a stilbene moiety the presence of unsubstituted phenyl hydroxyls in the para- position were required for activity. Esterification of hydroxyls and bulky substituents at a hydroxyl group diminished or abolished activity. Presence of the ethyl side chains enhanced activity, and shortening or removal of these side chains was detrimental to activity. Presence of the conjugated double bound was necessary for activity. Reduction of the double bond (in fused rings such as equol, dihydrogenistein, indanestrol, or in open chain stilbene derivatives) or repositioning of this double bond outside the stilbene moiety was detrimental to activity, because phenyl rings are not co-planar and have to be at a certain angle to each other. Conclusion: DES likely represents the pharmacophore of this group of nonsteroidal estrogens as an inhibitor of SOCE in platelets.
A survey of sparse matrix research

This paper surveys the state of the art in sparse matrix research in January 1976. Much of the survey deals with the solution of sparse simultaneous linear equations, including the storage of such matrices and the effect of paging on sparse matrix algorithms. In the symmetric case, relevant terms from graph theory are defined. Band systems and matrices arising from the discretization of partial differential equations are treated as separate cases. Preordering techniques are surveyed with particular emphasis on partitioning (to block triangular form) and tearing (to bordered block triangular form). Methods for solving the least squares problem and for sparse linear programming are also reviewed. The sparse eigenproblem is discussed with particular reference to some fairly recent iterative methods. There is a short discussion of general iterative techniques, and reference is made to good standard texts in this field. Design considerations when implementing sparse matrix algorithms are examined and finally comments are made concerning the availability of codes in this area.