Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Next Best Thing

In what case do you like reading so much? What about the type of the the next best thing book? The needs to read? Well, everybody has their own reason why should read some books. Mostly, it will relate to their necessity to get knowledge from the book and want to read just to get entertainment. Novels, story book, and other entertaining books become so popular this day. Besides, the scientific books will also be the best reason to choose, especially for the students, teachers, doctors, businessman, and other professions who are fond of reading.
Outcomes of Anatomic Reconstruction of Gunshot-Inflicted Lower Face Defects by Free Osteoseptocutaneous Fibula Flap and Expanded or Nonexpanded Temporal Scalp Flap Combination in Males

AbstractReconstruction of gunshot-inflicted composite lower face defects is a challenge for plastic surgeons. Functional and aesthetic repair of such defects mostly requires free or pedicled flap applications or combinations of both.In this study, the authors evaluated 7 males with gunshot-inflicted composite mandibular defects. All patients underwent reconstruction with a free osteoseptocutaneous fibula flap (FOCF) for the composite mandibular defect and a pre or nonexpanded temporal artery-based scalp flap for beardless facial skin. All patients were evaluated aesthetically and functionally with a postoperative evaluation scale. Average patient follow-up time was 3.5 years.All FOCFs survived completely. Expander exposition was observed in 2 preexpanded temporal scalp flaps. The problem was solved by rapid expansion and early flap application. All patients had acceptable functional and aesthetic results.In conclusion, the scalp flap should be considered in male beardless skin reconstruction due to its ease of application, reliability, and proximity to the defect. Preexpansion of this flap can decrease donor area morbidities. Moreover, the FOCF and scalp flap combination is a convenient procedure for gunshot-inflicted lower face defects, and such procedures produce good aesthetic and functional long-term outcomes.
Clustering and exploring search results using timeline constructions

Time is an important dimension of any information space and can be very useful in information retrieval and in particular clustering and exploration of search results. Search result clustering is a feature integrated in some of today's search engines, allowing users to further explore search results. However, only little work has been done on exploiting temporal information embedded in documents for the presentation, clustering, and exploration of search results along well-defined timelines. In this paper, we present an add-on to traditional information retrieval applications in which we exploit various temporal information associated with documents to present and cluster documents along timelines. Temporal information expressed in the form of, e.g., date and time tokens or temporal references, appear in documents as part of the textual context or metadata. Using temporal entity extraction techniques, we show how temporal expressions are made explicit and used in the construction of multiple-granularity timelines. We discuss how hit-list based search results can be clustered according to temporal aspects, anchored in the constructed timelines, and how time-based document clusters can be used to explore search results that include temporal snippets. We also outline a prototypical implementation and evaluation that demonstrates the feasibility and functionality of our framework.
Self-sustained lift and low friction via soft lubrication

Significance Contacting solids that move relative to each other in a fluid environment abound in many settings such as soft contact lenses in eyes, animal joints, and bearings in rotating machinery. Motion is inevitably accompanied by flow and deformation, and raises the question of how these correlate with friction at the interface. A minimal experimental setting, associated with how a cylinder slides and rolls along a soft inclined plane, allows us to see the induction of a self-sustained lift that reduces the friction by nearly an order of magnitude. A simple scaling theory explains our results and suggests a design principle for low-friction interfaces and a partial explanation for phenomena such as reduced wear in animal joints and long-runout landslides. Relative motion between soft wet solids arises in a number of applications in natural and artificial settings, and invariably couples elastic deformation fluid flow. We explore this in a minimal setting by considering a fluid-immersed negatively buoyant cylinder moving along a soft inclined wall. Our experiments show that there is an emergent robust steady-state sliding regime of the cylinder with an effective friction that is significantly reduced relative to that of rigid fluid-lubricated contacts. A simple scaling approach that couples the cylinder-induced flow to substrate deformation allows us to explain the elastohydrodynamic lift that underlies the self-sustained lubricated motion of the cylinder, consistent with recent theoretical predictions. Our results suggest an explanation for a range of effects such as reduced wear in animal joints and long-runout landslides, and can be couched as a design principle for low-friction interfaces.
In-line interrupt handling for software-managed TLBs

The general-purpose precise interrupt mechanism, which has long been used to handle exceptional conditions that occur infrequently, is now being used increasingly often to handle conditions that are neither exceptional nor infrequent. One example is the use of interrupts to perform memory management-e.g., to handle translation lookaside buffer (TLB) misses in today's microprocessors. When modern out-of-order processors handle interrupts precisely, they typically begin by flushing the pipeline. Doing so makes the CPU available to execute handler instructions, but it wastes potentially hundreds of cycles of execution time. However, if the handler code is small, it could potentially fit in the reorder buffer along with the user-level code already there. This essentially in-lines the interrupt-handler code. One good example of where this would be both possible and useful is in the TLB-miss handler in a software-managed TLB implementation. We simulate a lockup free data-TLB facility on a processor model with a 4-way out-of-order core reminiscent of the Alpha 21264. We find that, by using lockup free TLBs, one can get the performance of a fully associative TLB with a lockup free TLB of one fourth the size.
Separable reversible data hiding using Rc4 algorithm

In this paper, the problem of transmitting redundant data over an insecure, bandwidth-constrained communications channel is discussed. A content owner encrypts the original uncompressed image using an encryption key. Then, a data-hider may compress the least significant bits of the encrypted image using a data-hiding key to create a sparse space to accommodate some additional data. Using data hiding key the receiver can extract additional data even the receiver has no information about the original image content. Using the decryption key the receiver can extract data to obtain an image similar to the original one, but cannot extract the additional data. If the receiver has both the data-hiding key and the encryption key, the receiver can extract the additional data and the original imagewithout any loss.
Optimal Planning of PEV Charging Station With Single Output Multiple Cables Charging Spots

Coordinated charging can alter the profile of plug-in electric vehicle charging load and reduce the required amount of charging spots by encouraging customers to use charging spots at off-peak hours. Therefore, real-time coordinated charging should be considered at the planning stage. To enhance charging station’s utilization and save corresponding investment costs by incorporating coordinated charging, a new charging spot model, namely single output multiple cables charging spot (SOMC spot), is designed in this paper. A two-stage stochastic programming model is developed for planning a public parking lot charging station equipped with SOMC spots. The first stage of the programming model is planning of SOMC spots and its objective is to obtain an optimal configuration of the charging station to minimize the station’s equivalent annual costs, including investment and operation costs. The second stage of the programming model involves a probabilistic simulation procedure, in which coordinated charging is simulated, so that the influence of coordinated charging on the planning is considered. A case study of a residential parking lot charging station verifies the effectiveness of the proposed planning model. And the proposed coordinated charging for SOMC spots shows great potential in saving equivalent annual costs for providing charging services.
Current status of acquired syphilis: A hospital-based 5-year study

Introduction: Prevalence of sexually transmitted infection shows regional variations. Though a rising trend of prevalence of viral STI s has been observed, syphilis still continues to remain a commonly diagnosed STI. Aim: To study the current status of acquired syphilis in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of all the cases of acquired syphilis registered in our hospital from 2005 to 2009 was done. Complete epidemiological, clinical, and investigational data were recorded and assessed. Observation: Total of 570 cases attended the STI clinic from year 2005 to 2009. 42 (7.36%) cases were diagnosed as syphilis. There were 32 (74%) males and 11 (26%) were females. 25 (60%) were married. Only two patients were less than 15 years of age. Primary syphilis was diagnosed in 21 (50%), secondary in 10 (24%), and latent in 11 (26%) cases. Two (9.5%) of primary syphilis showed multiple chancre. Concomitant primary chancre and lesions of secondary syphilis were seen in 2 (20%) patients. Secondary syphilis presented as condyloma lata (50%), maculo-papular rash (40%), and lues maligna in one patient who was HIV positive. Mixed infection was diagnosed in eight patients of which herpes genitalis was the commonest. Two patients were serologically positive for HIV. Conclusion: Incidence of syphilis had shown a constant trend over last 5 years. In lieu of change in trends of sexual practices, condyloma was the commonest presentation of secondary syphilis. Pustular syphilis was observed in association with HIV and could be a marker of the immune-deficient state.
Image Cipher Using a New Interactive Two-Dimensional Chaotic Map

In this paper, a new two-dimensional (2D) Tent cascade-Logistic map (2D-TCLM) is introduced. Analysis results demonstrate that it has complex chaotic behaviors. Using 2D-TCLM, a new image encryption algorithm is also proposed. Simulation results and security analysis show that it can encrypt different kinds of digital images into unrecognized random-like images with a high security level.
Complex Visual Adaptations in Squid for Specific Tasks in Different Environments

In common with their major competitors, the fish, squid are fast moving visual predators that live over a great range of depths in the ocean. Both squid and fish show a variety of adaptations with respect to optical properties, receptors and their underlying neural circuits, and these adaptations are often linked to the light conditions of their specific niche. In contrast to the extensive investigations of adaptive strategies in fish, vision in response to the varying quantity and quality of available light, our knowledge of visual adaptations in squid remains sparse. This study therefore undertook a comparative study of visual adaptations and capabilities in a number of squid species collected between 0 and 1,200 m. Histology, magnetic resonance imagery (MRI), and depth distributions were used to compare brains, eyes, and visual capabilities, revealing that the squid eye designs reflect the lifestyle and the versatility of neural architecture in its visual system. Tubular eyes and two types of regional retinal deformation were identified and these eye modifications are strongly associated with specific directional visual tasks. In addition, a combination of conventional and immuno-histology demonstrated a new form of a complex retina possessing two inner segment layers in two mid-water squid species which they rhythmically move across a broad range of depths (50–1,000 m). In contrast to their relatives with the regular single-layered inner segment retina live in the upper mesopelagic layer (50–400 m), the new form of retinal interneuronal layers suggests that the visual sensitivity of these two long distance vertical migrants may increase in response to dimmer environments.
Low-Complexity Multiple-Component Turbo-Decoding-Aided Hybrid ARQ

Previous research has focused on improving the throughput of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) schemes. However, since turbo codes have been introduced into HARQ schemes, their complexity has increased owing to the iterative Bahl-Cocke-Jelinek-Raviv (BCJR) operations that are required following each retransmission. This paper explores the complexity of turbo HARQ schemes and proposes a new early stopping (ES) approach for iterative decoding based on mutual information (MI), which dynamically determines the appropriate number of BCJR operations to be performed following each incremental redundancy (IR) transmission. We demonstrate that the proposed ES-based multiple-component turbo code (MCTC)-aided and systematic twin-component turbo code (TCTC)-assisted HARQ schemes exhibit 60%-85% reduced complexity for signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) below -2 dB without degrading the packet-loss ratio (PLR) and the throughput.
Predicting high vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections.

BACKGROUND Increased mortality, treatment failure, and hospital length of stay have been reported in patients treated with vancomycin for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia when their isolates have a vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 1 μg/mL. Automated testing often fails to identify these isolates. We developed a simple clinical rule to predict vancomycin MIC of 2 μg/mL in patients with MRSA bacteremia. METHODS This cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital and an affiliated acute rehabilitation facility. Consecutive patients with MRSA bacteremia from 2001 through 2007 were prospectively identified. Patient characteristics were examined for their association with high vancomycin MIC and a predictive model was created. RESULTS A total of 296 MRSA bacteremic episodes among 272 patients were identified; 19% of the episodes had isolates with a vancomycin MIC of 2 μg/mL. Variables associated with a vancomycin MIC of 2 μg/mL included older age (odds ratio [OR], 4.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-10.4); prior vancomycin (OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.9-7.6) or daptomycin (OR, 7.9; 95% CI, 1.8-34.0) exposure; the presence of a nontunneled central venous catheter (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1-3.4) or prosthetic heart valve (OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.3-10.0); a history of MRSA bacteremia (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.6-5.6); and the presence of sepsis (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4-5.1) or shock (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1-4.2) at the time of culture. The final predictive rule included age > 50 years (3 points), prior vancomycin exposure (2 points), history of MRSA bacteremia (2 points), history of chronic liver disease (2 points), and presence of a nontunneled central venous catheter (1 point). A score cutoff of ≥ 4 resulted in a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 59% (negative predictive value, 91%; positive predictive value, 30%). CONCLUSIONS Several factors that predict high vancomycin MIC were identified, and a simple predictive tool was created to help clinicians determine which patients are likely to have MRSA isolates with high vancomycin MIC.
Scavenger Receptor in Fish Is a Lipopolysaccharide Recognition Molecule Involved in Negative Regulation of NF-κB Activation by Competing with TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2 Recruitment into the TNF-α Signaling Pathway

Scavenger receptors (SRs) play crucial roles in innate immunity by acting as pattern recognition receptors. Although SRs are widely documented in mammals, data on their occurrence and functions in ancient vertebrates are limited. In this study, we report, to our knowledge, the first cloning and functional characterization of an SR molecule from teleost fish (Tetraodon nigroviridis). This SR (TnSR) was identified as a homolog to mammalian scavenger receptor class A member 5 with the conserved structure of a class A SR. TnSR contained multidomains in a type II transmembrane receptor, including an SR cysteine-rich domain, two coiled-coil collagenous domains, a transmmebrane domain, and a short N-terminal intracellular region with an unexpected TNFR-associated factor 2-binding consensus motif similar to that in human MSR molecules. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that TnSR may be an ancient member of class A SRs resulting from the close relationship between scavenger receptor class A member 5 and macrophage SR in vertebrates associated with the subtle differences in TnSR structure. Subcellular localization analysis showed that TnSR was a cell membrane receptor with homotrimer forms involved in the recognition and internalization of LPS from surface membranes into lysosomes. Functionally, TnSR expression was dramatically induced by LPS stimulation. TnSR served as a negative regulator in LPS-induced NF-κB activation by the competitive recruitment of TNFR-associated factor 2 from the TNF-α signaling pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that SR plays an inhibitory role in LPS-elicited inflammation by cross-talking with the TNF-α inflammatory pathway. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the biological and evolutionary history of the SR family.
An overview of Fog computing and its security issues

Fog computing is a paradigm that extends Cloud computing and services to the edge of the network. Similar to Cloud, Fog provides data, compute, storage and application services to end users. In this article, we elaborate the motivation and advantages of Fog computing and analyse its applications in a series of real scenarios, such as Smart Grid, smart traffic lights in vehicular networks and software defined networks. We discuss the state of the art of Fog computing and similar work under the same umbrella. Distinguished from other reviewing work of Fog computing, this paper further discloses the security and privacy issues according to current Fog computing paradigm. As an example, we study a typical attack, man‐in‐the‐middle attack, for the discussion of system security in Fog computing. We investigate the stealthy features of this attack by examining its CPU and memory consumption on Fog device. In addition, we discuss the authentication and authorization techniques that can be used in Fog computing. An example of authentication techniques is introduced to address the security scenario where the connection between Fog and Cloud is fragile. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
IUCN classification zones concord with, but underestimate, the population genetic structure of the zebra shark Stegostoma fasciatum in the Indo‐West Pacific

The Indo‐West Pacific (IWP), from South Africa in the western Indian Ocean to the western Pacific Ocean, contains some of the most biologically diverse marine habitats on earth, including the greatest biodiversity of chondrichthyan fishes. The region encompasses various densities of human habitation leading to contrasts in the levels of exploitation experienced by chondrichthyans, which are targeted for local consumption and export. The demersal chondrichthyan, the zebra shark, Stegostoma fasciatum, is endemic to the IWP and has two current regional International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List classifications that reflect differing levels of exploitation: ‘Least Concern’ and ‘Vulnerable’. In this study, we employed mitochondrial ND4 sequence data and 13 microsatellite loci to investigate the population genetic structure of 180 zebra sharks from 13 locations throughout the IWP to test the concordance of IUCN zones with demographic units that have conservation value. Mitochondrial and microsatellite data sets from samples collected throughout northern Australia and Southeast Asia concord with the regional IUCN classifications. However, we found evidence of genetic subdivision within these regions, including subdivision between locations connected by habitat suitable for migration. Furthermore, parametric FST analyses and Bayesian clustering analyses indicated that the primary genetic break within the IWP is not represented by the IUCN classifications but rather is congruent with the Indonesian throughflow current. Our findings indicate that recruitment to areas of high exploitation from nearby healthy populations in zebra sharks is likely to be minimal, and that severe localized depletions are predicted to occur in zebra shark populations throughout the IWP region.
Shape Memory Polymers for Smart Textile Applications

Shape memory polymer (SMP) is a genre of smart materials which demonstrate a capability to fix in the temporarily programed shape and to recover the original shape upon exposure to external stimuli. Such unique and amazing properties of SMPs are applied to develop smart textiles by incorporating SMP into the fabric. Various types of stimuliresponsive SMPs such as thermal, light, pH, and moisture have been used in textiles for enhancing or attaining some smart properties. The integration of SMPs in fabric provides many fascinating and improved properties such as good aesthetic appeal, comfort, textile soft display, smart controlled drug release, fantasy design, wound monitoring, smart wetting properties and protection against extreme variations in environmental conditions. In this chapter, we discussed different types of SMP used for this purpose, their functions, and applications in textiles with their potential applications in the near future.
TCP Selective Negative Acknowledgment over IEEE 802.11 Wireless Networks

This paper investigates the performance of the TCP transport protocol over IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. A wireless link is generally characterized by high transmission errors and a varying latency. The erratic packet losses and poor bandwidth utilization which occur as a result limit the TCP's performance, resulting in a curbing of the flow of segments on the TCP connection and a corresponding degradation of the network performance. This paper examines the effects of the 802.11 characteristics on the TCP performance and proposes a scheme to improve the performance of TCP over wireless links. A novel acknowledgement scheme, SNACK, is introduced and a series of ns-2 based simulations are performed to compare its performance against that of other TCP schemes. The simulation results confirm that SNACK provides a better performance than other conventional TCP implementations in 802.11 wireless networks
Effectiveness and Duration of Effect of Open-Label Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Adults With ADHD

Objectives: (a) Evaluate the efficacy and duration of effect of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) in adult ADHD. (b) Assess the reliability and validity of the Adult ADHD Medication Smoothness of Effect Scale (AMSES) and Adult ADHD Medication Rebound Scale (AMRS). Method: Adults (N = 40) with ADHD were treated with LDX for up to 12 weeks. The primary efficacy measure was the ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS). The psychometric properties of the AMSES and AMRS are analyzed and compared with the ADHD-RS, ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) v1.1 Symptom Checklist, and Time-Sensitive ADHD Symptom Scale (TASS). Results: ADHD-RS scores were significantly improved with LDX. The AMSES and AMRS had high internal consistency and were correlated with the ADHD-RS, ASRS v1.1 Symptom Checklist, and TASS. Conclusion: LDX is effective in treating adult ADHD and has a smooth drug effect throughout the day with limited symptom rebound. The AMSES and AMRS are valid and reliable measures.