Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning based Recommendation Systems

Deep Learning based Recommendation Systems by Nishanth Reddy Pinnapareddy The usage of Internet applications, such as social networking and e-commerce is increasing exponentially, which leads to an increased offered content. Recommender systems help users filter out relevant content from a large pool of available content. The recommender systems play a vital role in today’s internet applications. Collaborative Filtering (CF) is one of the popular technique used to design recommendation systems. This technique recommends new content to users based on preferences that the user and similar users have. However, there are some shortcomings to current CF techniques, which affects negatively the performance of the recommendation models. In recent years, deep learning has achieved great success in natural language processing, computer vision and speech recognition. However, the use of deep learning in recommendation domain is relatively new. In this work, we tackle the shortcomings of collaborative filtering by using deep neural network techniques. Although some recent work has employed deep learning for recommendation, they only focused on modeling content descriptions, such as content information of items and auricular features of audios. Moreover, these models ignore the important factor of collaborative filtering, that is the user-item interaction function, but some models still employ matrix factorization, by using inner product on the latent features of items and users. In this project, the inner product is replaced by a neural network architecture, which learns an user-item interaction function from data. To handle any nonlinearities in the user-item interaction function, a multi-layer perceptron is used. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets demonstrate improvements made by our model compared to existing popular collaborative filtering techniques. Empirical evidence shows deep learning based recommendation models have better performance.
Towards Real-time Image Localization with BIM models

: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die technische Versuchsumgebung BIMGaze vorgestellt, welche die experimentelle Beobachtung von Modellierer:innen bei der Erstellung von Building Information Models erlaubt. Für Untersuchungen zum Verständnis der Schnittstelle zwischen Mensch und Maschine haben sich Eyetracking-Systeme bewährt. Insbesondere Usability-Tests und Inter-aktionsanalysen werden mit dieser Technologie erfolgreich durchgeführt und generieren quantitativ auswertbare Forschungsdaten. Das System BIMGaze überträgt diesen Ansatz auf Forschungsfragen der AEC-Branche, die bisher hauptsächlich qualitativ behandelt wurden, sodass mit diesem innova-tiven System neue Erkenntnisse für die Automatisierung des BIM-Prozesses möglich werden. BIMGaze simuliert hard-und softwareseitig eine 3D-CAD-Arbeitsumgebung zur Erstellung von Be-standsmodellen. Kombiniert mit einem Trackingsytem, werden dem Nutzer Bestandsdaten in Form von 2D-Plänen und 3D-Punktwolken bereitgestellt. Dessen Interaktion mit diesen Informationsquellen wird bei der Modellierung eines Gebäudes in Revit detailliert automatisch protokolliert. Somit lassen sich vom Modellierer angewandte Suchstrategien und die damit verknüpfte Aufmerksamkeitssteuerung er-fassen und untersuchen. Die quantitative Auswertung dieser kognitiven Vorgänge wird durch BIMGaze ermöglicht und einer breiteren Forschergruppe zur Analyse zugänglich. Es wird dargelegt, wie die gewonnenen Rohdaten aufbereitet werden und eine intuitive Visualisierung der Ergebnisse erfolgen kann. Dazu wird mittels 2D-Heatmaps und 3D-Heatclouds die Aggregation der Points of Interest des Nutzers durchgeführt. Anschließend erfolgt in einer grafischen Oberfläche die zeitliche Gegenüber-stellung der Aggregationen mit den sukzessiv durchgeführten Modellierungsschritten. Zudem wird die Aufmerksamkeitsverteilung des Probanden über die Versuchsdauer illustriert. So können Einblicke in Lösungsstrategien und den Workflow der Bestandsmodellierung gewonnen werden. Ein eigenes Datenschema erlaubt die einfach auswertbare Archivierung der erhobenen Forschungsartefakte und Protokolle sowie deren Wiederverwendung in weiterführenden Untersuchungen.
System reliability analysis of slopes using multilayer perceptron and radial basis function networks

This paper presents a system reliability analysis method for soil slopes on the basis of artificial neural networks with computer experiments. Two types of artificial neural networks, multilayer perceptrop (MLP) and radial basis function networks (RBFNs), are tested on the studied problems. Computer experiments are adopted to generate samples for constructing the response surfaces. On the basis of the samples, MLP and RBFN are used for establishing the response surface to approximate the limit state function, and Monte Carlo simulation is performed via the MLP and RBFN response surfaces to estimate the system failure probability of slopes. Experimental results on 3 examples show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Large-Scale Two-Dimensional Turbulence in the Atmosphere

Abstract Global FGGE data are used to investigate several aspects of large-scale turbulence in the atmosphere. The approach follows that for two-dimensional, nondivergent turbulent flows which are homogeneous and isotropic on the sphere. Spectra of kinetic energy, enstrophy and available potential energy are obtained for both the stationary and transient parts of the flow. Nonlinear interaction terms and fluxes of energy and enstrophy through wavenumber space are calculated and compared with the theory. A possible method of parameterizing the interactions with unresolved scales is considered. Two rather different flow regimes are found in wavenumber space. The high-wavenumber regime is dominated by the transient components of the flow and exhibits, at least approximately, several of the conditions characterizing homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. This region of wavenumber space also displays some of the features of an enstrophy-cascading inertial subrange. The low-wavenumber region, on the other hand, .
Supplementary Material (esi) for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry

Methods and procedures for gel-phase HR MAS spectroscopy Solution NMR spectra were acquired on a 300 MHz Bruker AC-300P FT spectrometer at 303 K. HR MAS NMR spectra were acquired on a Bruker DRX400 spectrometer at room temperature or below using a Bruker HR MAS microprobe. Rotors containing a suspension of the beads in CDCl 3 were spun at 4 kHz. One-dimensional HR MAS spectra were obtained with 64 scans. CPMG pulse sequence contained 32 or 2000 π-pulses with a repetition time of 30 ms. Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in parts per million relative to residual solvent. It should be noted that some caveats are necessary in the use of this technique. A significant disadvantages of using HR MAS NMR spectroscopy to analyse solid-supported supramolecular systems, is the lack of accurate quantitation methods. This is due to two main factors; firstly, that the HR MAS NMR spectrum cannot be integrated as with standard 1 H NMR, due to the application of the CPMG pulse sequences used. While the CPMG pulse loops successfully filter out any broad resonances due to the bead core, this is indiscriminate and the intensity of signals arising from the tethered components can also be affected, depending on their relaxation properties. Signals broadened by relaxation or exchange processes are particularly affected, sometimes to such an extent that they are not observable in the filtered spectrum. Even relative integrations of individual protons within a single molecule, which are affected by the CPMG pulse sequences, can be anomalous. For example in the tethered pyridyl diimide tethered thread 5, the four pyridine protons are filtered to varying degrees, and therefore do not have the expected 1:1:1:1 integration. Thus integration cannot be relied upon as an accurate indication of the relative loading of different components, and even strategies that might be used which incorporate an 'internal standard' marker proton resonance are not feasible. A more reliable internal comparison of relative integrations can be obtained from the unfiltered spectrum, but this is only feasible for those signals which are not obscured by the large and broad residual peaks arising from the structural components of the beads. The second factor that renders any quantitation difficult, is that the loading of the tethered component on the bead is difficult to ascertain. The average percentage of functional sites on the beads is given by the manufacturer (around 0.46% mmol OH/g for ArgoGel beads), however, …
Degenerative Neurological and Neuromuscular Disease New insights into the clinical evaluation of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis patients : a single center ’ s experience

Correspondence: Ole B Suhr Department of Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, SE 901 85 Umeå, Sweden Tel +46 9 0785 1383 Fax +46 9 0143 986 Email ole.suhr@medicin.umu. se Abstract: Over the last decade, new medical treatment modalities have emerged based on increased insights into amyloid formation. With the increased possibilities for treatment of amyloidosis caused by transthyretin (TTR) amyloid deposits comes the need for diagnostic procedures for early diagnosis and better tools to follow disease progression. This is of particular importance in clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of new treatments. Until recently, the treatment of TTR amyloidosis (ATTR) was based solely on liver transplantation, a procedure that has halted disease progression in many patients. Liver transplantation has been especially effective in patients under the age of 50 years carrying the TTR V30M mutation, whereas the outcome of the procedure has been variable for others, particularly elderly male patients and those carrying a non-V30M mutation. This review concentrates on new insights derived from our center’s experience with liver transplantation, how to implement this experience in evaluation of new treatment modalities for ATTR, and how to facilitate early diagnosis of neuropathy with easily available diagnostic tools. Attention has focused on manifestations of the disease that involve the heart and the peripheral nervous system; change in peripheral nerve function has been the primary endpoint in two controlled clinical trials, one finished and one ongoing. New insights into the amyloid formation process and the lessons learned from liver transplantation give the opportunity to design potentially effective treatment modalities for ATTR. It appears reasonable to suspect that a combination of different treatment modalities may be required to treat the disease, and that different treatment regimes will be designed according to the phenotype of the disease. For the patients and their relatives there is now a solid foundation for optimism, with prospects of several effective medical treatment possibilities within the coming decade.
Transport and Communications Bulletin for Asia and the Pacific, No. 79 "Road Safety"

Fatalities in road accidents in India constitute 8-10 per cent of global road deaths. This phenomenon is like a silent disaster happening every day and it is worse than any other natural or man-made disaster. India has introduced a major road development programme to make travel faster, but the safety outcomes are not satisfactory due to deficiencies in engineering, education and enforcement (the three E’s of traffic engineering and safety management). The characteristics of the accidents and their causal analysis suggest poor discipline in road use coupled with poor enforcement as the main causes of this situation. A more comprehensive road safety programme needs to undertaken to improve the current situation. Considering the magnitude of the problem, a road safety action plan is suggested and the proposed initiatives are discussed. The contribution of the India chapter of the International Road Federation to the cause of road safety is also highlighted.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients with Cerebrovascular Disease in the REACH Registry: The Spanish Contribution

Background: Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) is the world’s largest registry designed to obtain information on the control of vascular disease risk factors (VDRF) and preventive treatment. Methods: 67,888 patients with symptomatic atherothrombosis or a high risk of developing the disease have been recruited from 5,473 outpatient clinics of 44 countries. Results: Of those in the REACH registry, 82% are patients in secondary prevention, and 27% have cerebrovascular disease (CVD). As with the rest of the patients, the control of VDRF in patients with CVD is poor and needs improvement. The characteristics of the Spanish patients do not differ significantly from the rest of the subjects in the registry. Conclusion: The registry carries information not only on the characteristics of patients with CVD and their therapeutic management, but also on the incidence of new vascular complications as well as on the effectiveness of different therapeutic strategies in preventing new complications in standard clinical practice.
Second order embedding and second order false belief

The human cognitive system has the remarkable ability to organize streams of information in such a way that adding more often results in less. In the visual cognitive domain the Necker cube phenomenon is such an example. A single cube can be seen in two ways: the dark side as a front panel of the cube or as a panel in the back. Adding a similar cube should result in a four-way ambiguity: both dark panels in the front, the back or alternating. However, human beings have a really hard time seeing all four “readings”. We seem to see only two readings; either both cubes have the dark panel in front or in both have them in the back of the cube.
Iterative Methods for Solving Systems of Linear Equations: Hyperpower, Conjugate Gradient and Monte Carlo Methods

Today's fastest machines used in High-Performance Computing can have hundreds of thousands of cores. To take advantage of all the available processing power, algorithms that do computations in parallel must be used. Some of the limiting factors of these algorithms are the need for synchronization between different computational units and the amount of communication that has to be done between them. In addition, as the number of cores grows, useful results may not be achievable because of the failure of these cores.In this thesis, named "Iterative Methods for Solving Systems of Linear Equations: Hyperpower, Conjugate Gradient and Monte Carlo Methods" and submitted to the University of Manchester by Lukas Steiblys for the degree of Master of Philosophy in May 2014, modifications to Newton-Schultz iteration and Conjugate Gradient algorithms are investigated for applicability to solving large systems of linear equations that may also have better performance on multi-core machines than then standard versions of the algorithms. The notions of hard-error and soft-error are also explained, a solution for mitigation of soft-errors in the Conjugate Gradient Method is proposed and its efficacy is examined. In the end, a different method for solving systems of linear equations that incorporates random sampling is introduced.
Stable Green Perovskite Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers on Rigid and Flexible Substrates

Solution processed thin film organo-metal halide perovskites are gaining attention as attractive material prospects for low cost visible and near-infrared lasers while benefiting from recent large investments in photovoltaics of this micro/nanocrystalline material class. A number of reports have demonstrated optically pumped laser action in various optical resonator configurations at comparative low thresholds that might ultimately be compatible with corresponding injection currents required for junction lasers. One major question, however, is the inherent material robustness and stability of the perovskites under what are much higher optical and electronic excitation conditions than encountered in photovoltaics, yet typical in the technologically mature epitaxially grown III–V compound semiconductor lasers. Here we assess CH(NH2)2PbBr3 (FAPbBr3) solid thin films embedded within two sputtered planar dielectric HfO2/SiO2 distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) in green perovskite vertical-cavity surface-emitti.
Exoplanet Meteorology: Characterizing the Atmospheres of Directly Imaged Sub-Stellar Objects

The field of exoplanet science has matured over the past two decades with over 3500 confirmed exoplanets. However, many fundamental questions regarding the composition, and formation mechanism remain unanswered. Atmospheres are a window into the properties of a planet, and spectroscopic studies can help resolve many of these questions. For the first part of my dissertation, I participated in two studies of the atmospheres of brown dwarfs to search for weather variations. To understand the evolution of weather on brown dwarfs we conducted a multiepoch study monitoring four cool brown dwarfs to search for photometric variability. These cool brown dwarfs are predicted to have salt and sulfide clouds condensing in their upper atmosphere and we detected one high amplitude variable. Combining observations for all T5 and later brown dwarfs we note a possible correlation between variability and cloud opacity. For the second half of my thesis, I focused on characterizing the atmospheres of directly imaged exoplanets. In the first study Hubble Space Telescope data on HR8799, in wavelengths unobservable from the ground, provide constraints on the presence of clouds in the outer planets. Next, I present research done in collaboration with the Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey (GPIES) team including an exploration of the instrument contrast against environmental parameters, and an examination of the environment of the planet in the HD 106906 system. By analyzing archival HST data and examining the near-infrared colors of HD 106906b, we conclude that the companion shows weak evidence of a circumplanetary dust disk or cloud. Finally, I measure the properties of the low mass directly imaged planet 51 Eridani b. We combined published J , H spectra with updated LP photometry, new K1, K2 spectra, and MS photometry. The new data confirms that the planet has redder than similar
Research in Economics

Does adopting social distancing policies amid a health crisis, e.g., COVID-19, hurt economies? Using a machine learning approach at the intermediate stage, we applied a generalized synthetic control method to answer this question. We utilize state policy re- sponse differences. Cross-validation, a machine learning approach, is used to produce the “counterfactual” for adopting states—how they “would have behaved” without lockdown orders. We categorize states with social distancing as the treatment group and those without as the control. We employ the state time-period for ﬁxed effects, adjusting for selec- tion bias and endogeneity. We ﬁnd signiﬁcant and intuitively explicable impacts on some states, such as West Virginia, but none at the aggregate level, suggesting that social dis- tancing may not affect the entire economy. Our work implies a resilience index utilizing the magnitude and signiﬁcance of the social distancing measures to rank the states’ re- silience. These ﬁndings help governments and businesses better prepare for shocks.
Search for Gravitational Wave Bursts from Soft Gamma Repeaters

We present the results of a LIGO search for short-duration gravitational waves (GW) associated with soft gamma repeater (SGR) bursts. This is the first GW search sensitive to neutron star f-modes, usually considered the most efficient GW emitting modes. We find no evidence of GWs associated with any SGR burst in a sample consisting of the 2004 December 27 giant flare from SGR 1806-20 and 190 lesser events from SGR 1806-20 and SGR 1900+14 which occurred during the first year of LIGO's fifth science run. GW strain upper limits and model-dependent GW emission energy upper limits are estimated for individual bursts using a variety of simulated waveforms. We find upper limit estimates on the model-dependent isotropic GW emission energies (at a nominal distance of 10 kpc) between 3x10^45 and 9x10^52 erg depending on waveform type, detector antenna factors and noise characteristics at the time of the burst. These upper limits are within the theoretically predicted range of some SGR models. We also propose a new method which extends the initial SGR burst search, exploring the possibility that SGR sources emit similarly in GWs from burst to burst by"stacking"potential GW signals. We show that gains in GW energy sensitivity of N^{1/2} are possible, where N is the number of stacked SGR bursts. Estimated sensitivities for a mock search for GWs from the 2006 March 29 storm from SGR 1900+14 are presented for two stacking scenarios: a"fluence-weighted"scenario and a"flat"(unweighted) scenario. Finally, we present a method for calibrating gravitational wave detectors via photon actuators. The photon calibrators' nominal 2-sigma confidence error bars are currently estimated to be ~3%. They have provided a valuable check on the official calibration, uncovering problems that may otherwise have gone unnoticed.
Crystallization Papers Biological Crystallography Crystallization and Preliminary X-ray Diffraction Analysis of the Nad-dependent Non-phosphorylating Gapdh of the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermoproteus Tenax

Recombinant non-phosphorylating NAD +-dependent glyceralde-hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPN) of the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote Thermoproteus tenax has been overexpressed, puri®ed and crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion technique. Crystals of different habits were obtained from several precipitant solutions (salts and polyethylene glycols). Preliminary X-ray analysis was performed with crystals grown in ammonium formate, which belonged to the primitive hexagonal space group P622, and had unit-cell parameters a = b = 184.8, c = 133.0 A Ê , = 120. Assuming a molecular weight of 55 kDa, a Matthews parameter of 3.3 A Ê 3 Da À1 is calculated assuming two molecules per asymmetric unit. The diffraction limit of these crystals is 2.5 A Ê resolution.
Title Urban Density Estimation From Polarimetric SAR Images Based on a POA Correction Method

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