Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hyperlinking Lyrics: A Method for Creating Hyperlinks Between Phrases in Song Lyrics

We describe a novel method for creating a hyperlink from a phrase in the lyrics of a song to the same phrase in the lyrics of another song. This method can be applied to various applications, such as song clustering based on the meaning of the lyrics and a music playback interface that will enable a user to browse and discover songs on the basis of lyrics. Given a song database consisting of songs with their text lyrics and songs without their text lyrics, our method first extracts appropriate keywords (phrases) from the text lyrics without using audio signals. It then finds these keywords in audio signals by estimating the keywords’ start and end times. Although the performance obtained in our experiments has room for improvement, the potential of this new approach is shown.
Acute hyperglycemia impairs IL‐6 expression in humans

Normal glucose metabolism is critical to immune function but the effects of short‐term hyperglycemia on immunity are not well described. To study this phenomenon, we induced hyperglycemia in healthy subjects for 2 h with intravenous dextrose and octreotide. An RNA‐seq analysis of whole blood RNA demonstrated alterations in multiple immune pathways and transcripts during acute hyperglycemia including decreased transcription of IL‐6, an important component of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Additional in vitro studies of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to high glucose confirmed decreased IL‐6 expression, most prominently in CD14+CD16+ intermediate monocytes. Hyperglycemia also reduced IL‐17A expression suggesting further impairment of immune responses during acute hyperglycemia. These findings demonstrate multiple defective immune responses in acute hyperglycemia and suggest a novel role for intermediate monocytes as metabolically sensitive innate immune cells.
Effect of marination on the quality characteristics and microstructure of chicken breast meat cooked by different methods.

Marination is a simple technological treatment used to improve the tenderness and flavor of meat by soaking it in an aqueous solution which composed of different ingredients. The effect of marination and different cooking methods (microwave,roasting, boiling, and frying) on the chemical composition, quality characteristics (i.e., PH value, meat color (L*, a*, and b*), cooking loss, water holding capacity(WHC), andMicrostructure characteristics (i.e.,myofibril of pectoralis major) of chicken breast meat were analysed. The present study demonstrated that the use of marination process together with cooking methods significantly modified the chemical composition of chicken breast meat. Also quality characteristics were evaluated and they were significantly different (P≤0.05) between the marinated cooked chicken breast and the other unmarinated cooked (control). In addition transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations illustrated changes in myofibril units (sarcomeres) of pectoralis major of chicken muscle Fragmentation, physical disruptions, and gaps or splitting occurring within these myofibril, especially in the regions adjacent to the Z-lines and within the A-band and I-band myosin/actin are associated with tenderization. Finally our results indicate that marination process is a good technique to improve the quality of chicken breast meat cooked by different methods.
Ways of dealing with science learning: a study based on Swedish early childhood education practice

ABSTRACT The Swedish school system offers curriculum-based early childhood education (ECE) organised as preschool (for 0–5-year-olds) and preschool class (for 6-year-olds). The intention to create a playful and educational environment based on children’s perspectives, interests, and questions is strongly based on historical and cultural traditions. This article develops knowledge of ECE teachers’ approaches to science-learning situations. The study applies a phenomenographic approach. The analysis is based on approximately 9.5 hours of video documentation of teacher-led and child-initiated Swedish ECE science activities. We identified two descriptive categories and four subcategories dealing with science-learning situations: (A) making anything visible, containing the three subcategories (Aa) addressing everyone, (Ab) addressing everything, and (Ac) addressing play and fantasy; and (B) creating a shared space for learning (Ba) addressing common content. These categories are related to how efforts to take advantage of children’s perspectives are interpreted and addressed in educational practice. The article discusses and exemplifies the use of various categories and their potential implications for ECE learning practice.
The phosphorylation code is implicated in cell type-specific trafficking of PIN-FORMEDs

The subcellular polarity of PIN-FORMEDs (PINs) is critical for directional cell-to-cell transport of auxin. Phosphorylation of PIN proteins plays an important role in generating and maintaining specific PIN polarity. In a recent study, we have shown that phosphorylation in certain conserved residues of the PIN3 hydrophilic loop (HL) modulates its subcellular localization and polarity in a cell type-specific manner in different root tissues. Here, we additionally show that the phosphorylation code of PIN3-HL is operational for the determination of PIN3 polarity in the Arabidopsis guard cell and is deciphered in a differential way even in a single tobacco cell for the intracellular trafficking of PIN3. On the other hand, PIN3 localization often remained unaltered in certain cell types irrespective of its phosphorylation status. These findings, together with previous reports, indicate that the phosphorylation code of the PIN-HL along with cell type-specific factors, kinases, and developmental/environmental cues is instrumental for the PIN trafficking to different subcellular compartments as well as different plasma membrane domains.
Evaluation of prognostic utility of MIB-1 and p53 expression in pituitary adenomas: correlations with clinical behaviour and follow-up results

Pituitary adenomas (PAs) show a broad clinicomorphological spectrum. The proliferation activity, evaluated by MIB-1 labelling index (LI), and p53 expression have been pointed as predictive markers for invasiveness and progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferation rate and p53 expression and to look for any relationships with the clinical behaviour and follow-up results in a series of Bulgarian patients with PAs. A total of 93 patients with PAs (81 hormone-secreting, 12 non-functioning), who were operated on and followed up for a period of five years, were included. The MIB-1 LI and p53 expressions were determined by immunohistochemistry and correlated with various clinical and tumour variables. The whole group of PAs showed a low proliferation rate with evident variations in a small number of cases (MIB-1 LI – 0.50 ± 0.56, from 0.1 to 3.30). MIB-1 LI correlated with tumour size (p = 0.012) and was positively related with male gender (p = 0.23) and partial surgical resection (p = 0.036). We found no significant differences regarding the age, functional activity, invasion (n = 33), expansion (n = 37) and tumour recurrences (seven cases). Only 10 cases (10.8%) showed a focal, nuclear p53 immunoreactivity. The p53 positive tumours had higher proliferation rate (p = 0.0001) but no relationship with the other clinical and tumour variables. Among all cases, there was only one case with higher MIB-1 LI (3.3%), positive p53 expression and tumour recurrence after surgery. Our results show that most PAs have a low proliferation rate and lack of p53 expression, as well as no relationship with tumour invasion or postsurgical progression.
NaMgF 3 : A low-pressure analog of MgSiO 3

[1] Using first principles computations we show that NaMgF3 perovskite undergoes the same series of phase transitions as MgSiO3 perovskite, that is, the postperovskite transition and the dissociation into CsCl-type NaF and cotunnite-type MgF2. These fluorides also undergo the same series of phase transitions as MgO and SiO2, the dissociation products of MgSiO3. Since the phase transformations in NaMgF3 are not accompanied by any soft mode, we compute quasi-harmonic free energies and the respective phase boundaries. They have positive and negative Clapeyron slopes, respectively, like MgSiO3. However, the transition pressures in NaMgF3 are much lower and could be easily achieved in diamond anvil experiments. Therefore NaMgF3 should be a good lowpressure analog of MgSiO3. Citation: Umemoto, K. , R. M. Wentzcovitch, D. J. Weidner, and J. B. Parise (2006), NaMgF3: A low-pressure analog of MgSiO3, Geophys. Res. Lett. , 33, L15304, doi:10.1029/2006GL026348.
Can positive mood or mindfulness interventions increase body satisfaction

CAN POSITIVE MOOD OR MINDFULNESS INTERVENTIONS INCREASE BODY SATISFACTION? by Gabrielle M. Rodgers Research has indicated that body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and eating disorder interventions have historically targeted clinically diagnosed individuals. These interventions target specific predicting risk factors such as negative affect and body dissatisfaction. The current study focused on the relationship between negative affect and body dissatisfaction for a nonclinical population. The central questions were (i) whether the posited relationship between negative affect and body dissatisfaction could be replicated for a nonclinical population and (ii) if interventions that target mood would also lead to increases in self-perceived body satisfaction. The efficacy of mood interventions as a means to target body dissatisfaction was investigated. Experiment 1 demonstrated the effectiveness of the negative mood manipulation in decreasing mood and body satisfaction. In contrast, Experiment 2 demonstrated the effectiveness of the positive mood manipulation in increasing mood and body satisfaction. Experiment 3 examined the effectiveness of the proposed body dissatisfaction interventions, a positive mood induction and a body scan mindfulness meditation, in increasing mood and body satisfaction. Positive affect and body satisfaction significantly increased over time following the proposed body dissatisfaction interventions and the control manipulation. Implications of the results and future directions are discussed.
Optimal Detection of Sources on a Homogeneous and Isotropic Background

This paper introduces the use of pseudofilters that optimize the detection/extraction of sources on a background. We assume as a first approach that such sources are described by a spherical (central) profile and that the background is represented by a homogeneous and isotropic random field. We make an n-dimensional treatment, placing emphasis on astrophysical applications for spectra, images, and volumes, for the cases of exponential and Gaussian source profiles and scale-free power spectra to represent the background.
Value-Based Care in the Worldwide Battle Against Cancer

Globally, an increasing and aging population is contributing to the prevalence of cancer. To be effective, cancer care needs to involve the coordination of multidisciplinary specialties, and also needs to be affordable, accessible, and capable of producing optimal patient outcomes. Porter and Teisberg (2006) have postulated that shifting current healthcare strategies from volume-based to patient-centric care redirects economic competition to providing treatments which promote the best patient outcomes while driving down costs. Therefore, the value in value-based healthcare (VBH) is defined as patient outcome per currency spent on providing care. Based on the experiences of healthcare organizations currently transitioning to the value-based system, this review details actionable guidelines to transition current cancer care practices to the value-based system in four main steps: by defining universal clinical and patient-reported measures, creating cancer-specific units that provide the full care cycle, establishing a data capture model to routinely determine the value of the care delivered, and continually improving treatment strategies through research. As healthcare providers in more developed countries move to value-based care, those located in less developed countries should also be assisted in their transition to relieve the cancer burden globally.
TYPE INFERENCE WITH RECURSIVE TYPES AT DIFFERENT RANKS

We consider a polymorphic type system (System F) with recursive types for the lambda calculus with constants. We use Leivant’s notion of rank to delimit the boundaries for decidable and undecidable type inference in our system. More precisely, we show that type inference in our system is undecidable at rank k ≥ 3. Similar results are known to hold for System F without recursive types. Our undecidability result is obtained by a reduction from a particular adaptation of the semi-unification problem (so-called “regular semi-unification”) whose undecidability is, interestingly, obtained by methods totally different from those used in the case of standard (or finite) semi-unification. Type inference for a rank-1 restriction of our system is known to be decidable. A simple modification to the way unification is performed (so-called “regular unification”) is all that is required. We also conjecture that type inference at rank-2 is decidable and equivalent to finding regular solutions for instances of a particular form of semi-unification known as “acyclic semi-unification”.
SLEEP AND METABOLIC CONTROL: WAKING TO A PROBLEM?

1 The aim of the present review is to outline: (i) the association between sleep and metabolism; (ii) how sleep duration influences the development of disease; and (iii) how sex differences, ageing and obesity may potentially influence the relationship between sleep, metabolic control and subsequent disease. 2 Sleep is associated with a number of endocrine changes, including a change in insulin action in healthy young individuals. Sleep duration shows a prospective U‐shaped relationship with all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes. 3 Chronic sleep restriction is becoming more common. Experimental sleep restriction impedes daytime glucose control and increases appetite. 4 The sex hormones oestrogen and testosterone influence sleep duration and quality and may account for sex differences in the prevalence of sleep‐related disorders. 5 Ageing is associated with a decreased sleep duration, decreased muscle mass and impaired insulin action. 6 Obesity impairs insulin action and is associated with the incidence and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea. 7 Sleep plays an integral role in metabolic control. Consequently, insufficient sleep may represent a modifiable risk factor for the development of Type 2 diabetes. The challenge ahead is to identify how sex differences, ageing and obesity could potentially influence the relationship between sleep and metabolism.
Diagnostic Issues in Tinnitus: A Neuro-Otological Perspective

Arriving at a diagnosis to account for tinnitus begins with the patient’s description of the percept, because in some cases the quality of the tinnitus will make the diagnosis (e.g., clicking) and in other cases it will give direction to the diagnostic evaluation (e.g., pulsatile). With the exception of dural arteriovenous malformations, the source of pulsatile tinnitus can be determined without conventional cerebral angiography. Establishing a diagnosis for nonspecific tinnitus is difficult because 1) tinnitus is common in the general population, 2) for any disease not all subjects will develop tinnitus, and 3) tinnitus can be multi-factorial. Unilateral tinnitus with nonspecific characteristics must be suspect for an acoustic neuroma. In the absence of stress or intense sound exposure, if tinnitus is intermittent, fluctuates widely in loudness or location, or has a di-urnal pattern, then somatic influences upon tinnitus from the head or upper cervical region should be suspected. Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of an external sound. As such, it is a symptom and may have many diverse causes. The purpose of this article is to describe an approach to establishing the origin of this symptom. For this reason, we use the presenting complaint as the organizing principle, because this is what confronts the clinician upon encountering the tinnitus patient.
Adolescents’ musical relaxation: understanding related affective processing

ABSTRACT Music listening promotes adolescents’ well-being and relaxation in daily life. Relaxation is linked to affective self-regulation, but little is known about the specific affective processes of musical relaxation. The current study aimed to elaborate the affective dimension of adolescents’ musical relaxation, through detailed exploration of the related affect regulation goals, strategies, and induction mechanisms. A qualitative study with 55 adolescents (42 girls, 13 boys), aged 15, was conducted. Participants listened to self-selected relaxation music for 20 min, once in a laboratory and once at home, and provided written descriptions of their experience. A total of 110 episode descriptions were analyzed using summative, directed, content analysis for identifying typical patterns and interactions between the underlying concepts. Three major strategies (processing, distraction, induction) and two mechanisms (musical and mental) were identified. Processing was supported by both mechanisms, while distraction and induction predominantly by the musical mechanism. Change from negative to positive mood was particularly realized through musical distraction, while pure positive emotion induction was equally supported by all strategies and mechanisms. The analysis revealed clear patterns of how affect regulation strategies and induction mechanisms interrelate and serve different outcomes as part of adolescents’ relaxation. The findings provide conceptual clarification and theoretical grounds for understanding how affective processes function in musical relaxation. The discussion is performed in light of prior research and broader understanding of music as part of adolescents’ affective processing and self-regulation.
Design and Analysis of a Continuous-Time Common-Mode Feedback Circuit Based on Differential-Difference Amplifier

The main purpose of this study is to introduce a new continuous-time Common-mode Feedback Circuit (CMFB) based on Differential-Difference Amplifier (DDA) in order to achieve high speed, high loop- gain, and simultaneously low distortion characteristics. Two control voltages with opposite variations used in the proposed CMFB make the loop-gain and speed enhancement of the circuit. Additionally, reducing the dc level and input signal amplitude of the CMFB by using source follower circuits helps to increase the effective voltage of differential pairs and hence the linearity performance of the circuit. HSPICE simulation based on 0.35 :m CMOS process is done in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed CMFB circuit and the results indicate that the proposed CMFB is faster than the typical one and has lower odd and even harmonics in comparison with the conventional CMFB.
Application of Ontology to Question-Answer Knowledge Management System

Knowledge Management (KM) has become an important success factor for enterprises and organizations. The knowledge is organized as "Subject-Action-Object" form in this paper. And the five procedures of KM: knowledge creation, knowledge extraction, knowledge classification, knowledge retrieval and knowledge sharing and reuse are discussed in this paper. The user query will be expanded based on Ontology during the process of knowledge retrieval and more semantic related results will be gotten. The knowledge can be efficiently searched and thus reusable by the proposed method.
A non-distillability criterion for secret correlations

Within entanglement theory there are criteria which certify that some quantum statescannot be distilled into pure entanglement. An example is the positive partial trans-position criterion. Here we present, for the first time, the analogous thing for secretcorrelations. We introduce a computable criterion which certifies that a probability dis-tribution between two honest parties and an eavesdropper cannot be (asymptotically)distilled into a secret key. The existence of non-distillable correlations with positive se-crecy cost, also known as bound information, is an open question. This criterion maybe the key for finding bound information. However, if it turns out that this criteriondoes not detect bound information, then, a very interesting consequence follows: anydistribution with positive secrecy cost can increase the secrecy content of another dis-tribution. In other words, all correlations with positive secrecy cost constitute a usefulresource.
Accelerometer for mobile robot positioning

An evaluation of a low-cost, small sized solid state accelerometer is described in this paper. The sensor is intended for positioning of a mobile robot or platform. The acceleration signal outputted by the sensor is doubly integrated with time which yields the traveled distance. Bias offset drift exhibits in the acceleration signal is accumulative and the accuracy of the distance measurement deteriorates with time due to the integration. A Kalman filter is used to reduce errors caused by random noises. The random bias drift of the accelerometer was found by experiment to be 2.5 mg. The accelerometer was moved back and forth three times for a distance of 40 cm with an acceleration of 8 m/s/sup 2/. The final distance error accumulated was -1.08 cm. The bias drift rate due to temperature was 0.108 /spl mu/g/s when the accelerometer was placed at room temperature. The results show that the accelerometer could be a viable solution as a short duration distance-measuring device for a mobile robot or platform.
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE VARIATION ON THE ESTIMATION OF LOW FLOWS USED TO PROTECT WATER QUALITY: A NATIONWIDE ASSESSMENT 1

ABSTRACT: Historical flow records are used to estimate the regulatory low flows that serve a key function in setting discharge permit limits through the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System, which provides a nationwide mechanism for protecting water quality. Use of historical records creates an implicit connection between water quality protection and climate variability. The longer the record, the more likely the low flow estimate will be based on a broad set of climate conditions, and thus provides adequate water quality protection in the future. Unfortunately, a long record often is not available at a specific location. This analysis examines the connection between climate variability and the variability of biologically based and hydrologically based low flow estimates at 176 sites from the Hydro‐Climatic Data Network, a collection of stream gages identified by the USGS as relatively free of anthropogenic influences. Results show that a record of 10 to 20 years is necessary for satisfactory estimates of regulatory low flows. Although it is possible to estimate a biologically based low flow from a record of less than 10 years, these estimates are highly uncertain and incorporate a bias that undermines water quality protection.