Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of outcomes after appendectomy in First Nations and non–First Nations patients in Northern Alberta

Background: Internationally, Indigenous Peoples experience worse surgical outcomes than non-Indigenous patients, but equity of surgical care is less well studied in Canada. This study compares outcomes after appendectomy in First Nations and non–First Nations patients. Methods: In this population-based study, we reviewed administrative data of patients who underwent appendectomy between Apr. 1, 2004, and Mar. 31, 2017, in Northern Alberta. Demographic variables and characteristics of surgical care for First Nations and non–First Nations patients were collected. We identified adverse outcomes by the presence of predefined administrative codes. We identified variables related to a complex postoperative course (at least 1 of wound dehiscence, surgical site infection, abscess, bowel obstruction, pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis, sepsis, emergency department visit, readmission or death within 30 d after appendectomy) through a logistic regression model, and those related to longer length of stay using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: A total of 28 453 patients met the selection criteria, of whom 1737 (6.1%) had First Nations status. Compared to non–First Nations patients, First Nations patients were younger, lived farther away from the hospital of their appendectomy, were in lower socioeconomic quintiles, and had higher rates of obesity and diabetes (all p < 0.001). After adjustment for age, sex, distance to hospital, socioeconomic deprivation and comorbidities, First Nations status remained independently associated with higher rates of adverse outcomes (odds ratio 1.548, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.384–1.733) and longer lengths of stay (hazard ratio 0.877, 95% CI 0.832–0.924). Conclusion: Although rurality, comorbidities and socioeconomic status contributed to worse outcomes after appendectomy for First Nations patients, First Nations status remained independently associated with worse surgical outcomes. Surgical care, an integral component of health care delivery, must be improved for First Nations patients in order to achieve equitable health care.
Extending “Deep Blue” aerosol retrieval coverage to cases of absorbing aerosols above clouds: Sensitivity analysis and first case studies

Cases of absorbing aerosols above clouds (AACs), such as smoke or mineral dust, are omitted from most routinely processed space‐based aerosol optical depth (AOD) data products, including those from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). This study presents a sensitivity analysis and preliminary algorithm to retrieve above‐cloud AOD and liquid cloud optical depth (COD) for AAC cases from MODIS or similar sensors, for incorporation into a future version of the “Deep Blue” AOD data product. Detailed retrieval simulations suggest that these sensors should be able to determine AAC AOD with a typical level of uncertainty ∼25–50% (with lower uncertainties for more strongly absorbing aerosol types) and COD with an uncertainty ∼10–20%, if an appropriate aerosol optical model is known beforehand. Errors are larger, particularly if the aerosols are only weakly absorbing, if the aerosol optical properties are not known, and the appropriate model to use must also be retrieved. Actual retrieval errors are also compared to uncertainty envelopes obtained through the optimal estimation (OE) technique; OE‐based uncertainties are found to be generally reasonable for COD but larger than actual retrieval errors for AOD, due in part to difficulties in quantifying the degree of spectral correlation of forward model error. The algorithm is also applied to two MODIS scenes (one smoke and one dust) for which near‐coincident NASA Ames Airborne Tracking Sun photometer (AATS) data were available to use as a ground truth AOD data source, and found to be in good agreement, demonstrating the validity of the technique with real observations.
Traveltime and Attenuation Tomography of CO2 Plume at Sleipner

Within the European project CO2ReMoVe traveltime and attenuation tomography have been applied on one of the high resolution seismic line acquired in 2006 on the Sleipner CO2 geological storage site. The aim is to gain an accurate model in depth, of both velocities and attenuation, to constrain better the quantification studies. The results obtained from the tomographyc inversion of traveltimes and spectral-centroid frequency shift, respectively, confirm the cumulation of CO2 in the uppermost layer of the reservoir, whereas within the plume, lateral variations of both velocity and quality factor values are observed. The presence of fine shale lenses, and their impact on the CO2 distribution within the plume may be the reason for these lateral variations. Through the comparison of the velocity and Q tomographic values with the theoretical curves from petrophysics studies, it will be possible to interpretate them in terms of effective variations in CO2 saturation and heterogeneities within the plume.
Feasibility of a 3-Minute Mindful Breathing Intervention for Enhancing Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses' Resilience During COVID

COVID created a perfect storm of conditions leading to excessive and prolonged stress on already vulnerable nurses. This study examines the feasibility of enhancing psychiatric mental health nurses' (PMHNs') resilience by practicing a 3-minute mindfulness-based intervention. In this pilot study, we explored if PMHNs could be recruited and retained for intervention implementation, intervention acceptability, and measurement of any notable changes over the prescribed period. Study feasibility is reflected in high participant retention and increased postintervention resilience scores. Given the positive outcomes, a larger-scale study is warranted. Additional areas of opportunity include strategies for increasing participant uptake, and, due to limited acceptability feedback, the introduction of a usefulness scale.
Cmah deficiency blunts cellular senescence in adipose tissues and improves whole‐body glucose metabolism in aged mice

Cytidine monophosphate‐N‐acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) hydroxylase (Cmah) is an enzyme, which converts Neu5Ac to the sialic acid Neu5Gc. Neu5Gc is thought to increase inflammatory cytokines, which are, in part, produced in senescent cells of adipose tissues. Cellular senescence in adipose tissues induces whole‐body aging and impaired glucose metabolism. Therefore, we hypothesized that Cmah deficiency would prevent cellular senescence in adipose tissues and impaired glucose metabolism.
An Analysis of Negative One-star Patient Reviews and Complaints for Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeons throughout the United States: A Retrospective Study

Objective: Patients commonly use physician review websites when choosing a surgeon for an elective procedure. Although data exist regarding other orthopaedic specialties, no study has investigated one-star reviews for pediatric orthopaedic surgeons. The goal of this retrospective study was to classify the factors contributing to one-star reviews of pediatric orthopaedic surgeons to identify which areas contribute to lower patient satisfaction. Methods: Patient ratings on a 5-star system and comments about pediatric orthopaedic surgeons were collected from the state with the most physicians registered in the “Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North American” database for each of the 9 geographical regions of the United States as defined by the Association of American Medical Colleges. One-star reviews that included comments were classified as either surgical or nonsurgical. These comments were then further classified based on their content. Results: Three hundred fifty-four one-star reviews with 700 complaints were included in this study. Of these complaints, 481 (68.7%) were from nonsurgical patients and 219 (31.3%) were from surgical patients. Nonsurgical patients were significantly more likely to reference the amount of time spent with the physician (12.9% to 6.6%, P = 0.026), wait time (11.9% to 0.0%, P < 0.001), and bedside manner (41.2% to 22.8%, P < 0.001). Patients who said they had undergone a surgical procedure in their one-star review were significantly more likely to reference a disagreement with the physician’s decision or plan (35.3% to 17.5%, P < 0.001), and uncontrolled pain (21.6% to 5.2%, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the comments that referenced medical staff or institutional complaints between surgical and nonsurgical patients (13.8% to 11.4%, P = 0.424). Conclusion: Most one-star reviews of pediatric orthopaedic surgeons referenced interpersonal skills and other nonclinical aspects of a clinical encounter, with bedside manner being the most frequent complaint. Patients who had undergone surgical procedures were less likely to leave a one-star review, but if they did, their comment was usually about a disagreement with the physician’s plan. Clinical Relevance: Prognostic studies III.
The safety of canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and autoinflammatory diseases in pediatric patients: a multicenter study

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the safety of canakinumab using real-world data in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and autoinflammatory diseases (AID). Research design and methods This was a cross-sectional observational, multicenter study. Patients diagnosed with AID and sJIA treated with canakinumab were included in the study. The participating 13 centers retrospectively collected their patients’ data. Results A total of 335 patients were involved in the study. Among these patients, 280 were in the AID group and 55 were in the sJIA group. Canakinumab was administered at a median dose of 3 (2.5–4) mg/kg. The median total exposure time to canakinumab was 1.9 (0.8–3.2) years, corresponding to 759.5 patient-years. Seven hundred and seventy-nine total adverse events (AE) were identified. The total incidence of AE, and serious adverse events (SAE) throughout the study period was 1.02 per patient-years. The upper respiratory tract infection rate was 0.7 per patient-years, while the other infection rate was 0.13 per patient-years. While no death was observed in any patient, SAE were observed in 8 patients. Interstitial lung disease, anaphylaxis, or anaphylactoid reactions were not observed in any patient. Conclusions Real-life data from a large cohort of patients suggests that canakinumab is as safe as claimed in clinical trials.
Using monazite and zircon petrochronology to constrain the P–T–t evolution of the middle crust in the Bhutan Himalaya

The growth and dissolution behaviour of accessory phases (and especially those of geochronological interest) in metamorphosed pelites depends on, among others, the bulk composition, the prograde metamorphic evolution and the cooling path. Monazite and zircon are arguably the most commonly used geochronometers for dating felsic metamorphic rocks, yet crystal growth mechanisms as a function of rock composition, pressure and temperature are still incompletely understood. Ages of different growth zones in zircon and monazite in a garnet‐bearing anatectic metapelite from the Greater Himalayan Sequence in NW Bhutan were investigated via a combination of thermodynamic modelling, microtextural data and interpretation of trace‐element chemical ‘fingerprint’ indicators in order to link them to the metamorphic stage at which they crystallized. Differences in the trace‐element composition (HREE, Y, EuN/Eu*N) of different phases were used to track the growth/dissolution of major (e.g. plagioclase, garnet) and accessory phases (e.g. monazite, zircon, xenotime, allanite). Taken together, these data constrain multiple pressure–temperature–time (P–T–t) points from low temperature (<550 °C) to upper amphibolite facies (partial melting, >700 °C) conditions. The results suggest that the metapelite experienced a cryptic early metamorphic stage at c. 38 Ma at <550 °C, ≥0.85 GPa during which plagioclase was probably absent. This was followed by a prolonged high‐T, medium‐pressure (~600 °C, 0.55 GPa) evolution at 35–29 Ma during which the garnet grew, and subsequent partial melting at >690 °C and >18 Ma. Our data confirm that both geochronometers can crystallize independently at different times along the same P–T path and that neither monazite nor zircon necessarily provides timing constraints on ‘peak’ metamorphism. Therefore, collecting monazite and zircon ages as well as major and trace‐element data from major and accessory phases in the same sample is essential for reconstructing the most coherent metamorphic P–T–t evolution and thus for robustly constraining the rates and timescales of metamorphic cycles.
The association between constipation and subsequent risk of atopic dermatitis in children: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

Background No study has examined the association between constipation and atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants and toddlers. We aimed to explore that association in toddlers using the data from a nationwide birth cohort study. Methods From the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a nationwide prospective birth cohort study that began in 2011, children born in a singleton live birth were analyzed. Participants completed questionnaires containing questions related to bowel movements and AD, during 1.5 to 3 years after birth. Constipation at 1 year of age was defined as having ≤2 bowel movements per week. AD was defined based on participant’s responses to the modified ISAAC questionnaire and/or self-reported physician’s diagnosis. Outcome was defined as the cumulative number of AD cases that occurred until 3 years of age. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for development of AD were calculated by a multivariable logistic regression. Results From a total of 62,777 participants who met the study inclusion criteria, 14,188 children (22.6%) were affected by AD between the ages of 1.5 and 3 years. The adjusted OR of developing AD for the presence versus absence of constipation at 1 year of age was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.01–1.38). Conclusion Constipation at 1 year of age was associated with a slightly higher risk of AD until 3 years of age. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1265/ehpm.23-00103.
RETRIEVAL OF ANNUAL PRECIPITATION IN YELLOW RIVER BY RS

The precipitation is one of the basic inputs of basin hydrological cycle system and plane precipitation is obtained by means of extending the point precipitation in the traditional hydrological method. Accordingly, it is presented high demand for the density of precipitation stations. By international superior remote sensing (RS) technology, the plane precipitation model is presented according to the regression relationship of cloud and point precipitation. The plane precipitation in Yellow River is retrieved from GMS image in 2000 by RS technology. It has clear physical mechanism because it combines the information of ground precipitation observation station and aerial rain cloud in the process of directional retrieval. It is indicated from the verified result that the precision achieved 90% in the mass for the subvalley. It can be concluded that the RS technology supplies an advantage approach for acquiring area precipitation data in the unpaged basin. 
Clinical Value and Operational Risks of MRI in ICU patients – A Retrospective Analysis Performed at a University Medical Center

Abstract Purpose Intensive care unit (ICU) patients have a high risk of developing complications when leaving the ICU for diagnostic procedures or therapeutic interventions. Our study examined the frequency of adverse events associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of intensive care patients and the extent of changes in therapy due to the MRI scan to weigh the risks associated with the scan against the potential benefits of an MR scan, using a change in therapy as an indicator of benefit. Materials and Methods 4434 ICU patients (January to December 2015) were identified by Hospital Information System (SAP-R/3 IS-H, Walldorf, Germany), ICU patient data management system Metavision (iMDsoft, Israel), and Radiology Information System (Nexus.medRIS, Version 8.42, Nexus, Germany). All intensive care and medical records (HIS) and MRI reports (RIS) were matched and further evaluated in a retrospective case-to-case analysis for biometric data, mechanical ventilation, ICU requirements, planned postoperative vs. emergency diagnostic requirements, complications and impact on further diagnosis or therapy. Results Out of 4434 ICU patients, 322 ICU patients (7.3 %) underwent a total of 385 MRI examinations. 167 patients needed a total of 215 emergency scans, while 155 patients underwent 170 planned postoperative MRI exams. 158 (94.6 %) out of 167 emergency scan patients were ventilated under continuous intravenous medication and monitoring. In the planned postoperative group, only 6 (3.9 %) out of 155 were ventilated, but a total of 38 (24.5 %) were under continuous medication. 111 patients were accompanied by nurses only during MRI. Only one severe adverse event (0.3 %) was noted and was attributed to study preparation (n = 385). In 8 MRI examinations (2.1 %), the examination was interrupted or cancelled due to the patients’ condition. While all MRI examinations in the planned group were completed (n = 170, 100 %) (e. g., postoperative controls), only 207 out of 215 (96.3 %) could be performed for emergency diagnostic reasons. MRI influenced the clinical course with a change in diagnosis or therapy in 74 (19.2 %) of all 385 MRI examinations performed, and in the emergency diagnostic group it was 31.2 % (n = 67/215). Conclusion Nearly 20 % of MRI examinations of ICU patients resulted in a change of therapy. With only one potentially life-threatening adverse event (0.3 %) during transport and the MRI examination, the risk seems to be outweighed by the diagnostic benefit. Key Points: The risk of adverse events associated with MRI scans in ICU patients is low. The rate of premature termination of ICU patients’ MRI scans is low. Almost 20 % of ICU patients’ MRI scans lead to a change of therapy.
Impact of aversive affect on neural mechanisms of categorization decisions

Many theories contend that evidence accumulation is a critical component of decision‐making. Cognitive accumulation models typically interpret two main parameters: a drift rate and decision threshold. The former is the rate of accumulation, based on the quality of evidence, and the latter is the amount of evidence required for a decision. Some studies have found neural signals that mimic evidence accumulators and can be described by the two parameters. However, few studies have related these neural parameters to experimental manipulations of sensory data or memory representations. Here, we investigated the influence of affective salience on neural accumulation parameters. High affective salience has been repeatedly shown to influence decision‐making, yet its effect on neural evidence accumulation has been unexamined.
GIS-based optimal localisation of beekeeping in rural Kenya

A Geographic Information System (GIS) based multi-criteria site suitability evaluation provides the means to locate potential beekeeping areas in rural Kenya. The criteria considers specific environmental and socio-economic variables. The resulting suitability maps analyse several locations where environmental variables aim to favour the location of beekeepers close to protected areas and forests, while socio-economic variables target isolated villages, and small farmers.
Design Method of a Smart Rehabilitation Product Service System Based on Virtual Scenarios: A Case Study

The development of artificial intelligence and virtual reality technology has enabled rehabilitation service systems based on virtual scenarios to provide patients with a multi-sensory simulation experience. However, the design methods of most rehabilitation service systems rarely consider the physician–manufacturer synergy in the patient rehabilitation process, as well as the problem of inaccurate quantitative evaluation of rehabilitation efficacy. Thus, this study proposes a design method for a smart rehabilitation product service system based on virtual scenarios. This method is important for upgrading the rehabilitation service system. First, the efficacy of rehabilitation for patients is quantitatively assessed using multimodal data. Then, an optimization mechanism for virtual training scenarios based on rehabilitation efficacy and a rehabilitation plan based on a knowledge graph are established. Finally, a design framework for a full-stage service system that meets user needs and enables physician–manufacturer collaboration is developed by adopting a “cloud-end-human” architecture. This study uses virtual driving for autistic children as a case study to validate the proposed framework and method. Experimental results show that the service system based on the proposed methods can construct an optimal virtual driving system and its rehabilitation program based on the evaluation results of patients’ rehabilitation efficacy at the current stage. It also provides guidance for improving rehabilitation efficacy in the subsequent stages of rehabilitation services.
Genome-Wide Identiﬁcation and Expression Analysis of the Copper Transporter ( COPT / Ctr ) Gene Family in Kandelia obovata , a Typical Mangrove Plant

: The copper transporter ( COPT / Ctr ) gene family plays a critical part in maintaining the balance of the metal, and many diverse species depend on COPT to move copper (Cu) across the cell membrane. In Arabidopsis thaliana , Oryza sativa , Medicago sativa , Zea mays , Populus trichocarpa , Vitis vinifera , and Solanum lycopersicum, a genome-wide study of the COPT protein family was performed. To understand the major roles of the COPT gene family in Kandelia obovata ( Ko ), a genome-wide study identiﬁed four COPT genes in the Kandelia obovata genome for the ﬁrst time. The domain and 3D structural variation, phylogenetic tree, chromosomal distributions, gene structure, motif analysis, subcellular localization, cis-regulatory elements, synteny and duplication analysis, and expression proﬁles in leaves and Cu were all investigated in this research. Structural and sequence investigations show that most KoCOPTs have three transmembrane domains (TMDs). According to phylogenetic research, these KoCOPTs might be divided into two subgroups, just like Populus trichocarpa . KoCOPT gene segmental duplications and positive selection pressure were discovered by universal analysis. According to gene structure and motif analysis, most KoCOPT genes showed consistent exon–intron and motif organization within the same group. In addition, we found ﬁve hormones and four stress-and seven light-responsive cis-elements in the KoCOPTs promoters. The expression studies revealed that all four genes changed their expression levels in response to copper (CuCl 2 ) treatments. In summary, our study offers a thorough overview of the Kandelia obovata COPT gene family’s expression pattern and functional diversity, making it easier to characterize each KoCOPT gene’s function in the future.