Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
User Association in HetNets: Impact of Traffic Differentiation and Backhaul Limitations

Operators, struggling to continuously add capacity and upgrade their architecture to keep up with data traffic increase, are turning their attention to denser deployments that improve spectral efficiency. Denser deployments make the problem of user association challenging, and much work has been devoted to finding algorithms that strike a tradeoff between user quality of service, and network-wide performance (load-balancing). Nevertheless, the majority of these algorithms typically consider simple setups with a single type of traffic, usually elastic non-guaranteed bit rate (GBR). They also focus on the radio access part, ignoring the backhaul topology and potential capacity limitations. Backhaul constraints are emerging as a key performance bottleneck in future networks, partly due to the continuous improvement of the radio interface, and partly due to the need for inexpensive backhaul links to reduce capital and operational expenditures. To this end, we propose an analytical framework for user association that jointly considers radio access and backhaul network performance. Specifically, we derive an algorithm that takes into account spectral efficiency, base station load, backhaul link capacities and topology, and two traffic classes (GBR and non-GBR) in both the uplink and downlink directions. We prove analytically an optimal user association rule that ends up maximizing either an arithmetic or a weighted harmonic mean of the achieved performance along different dimensions (e.g., uplink and downlink performances or GBR and non-GBR performances). We then use extensive simulations to study the impact of: 1) traffic differentiation; and 2) backhaul capacity limitations and topology on key performance metrics.
Multiagent and event driven based dynamic collision avoidance for an autonomous mobile robot

Obstacle avoidance and other functional behaviors for autonomous mobile robot navigation usually play an independent role in a robot system. The cooperation between two or more functional behavior modules is loose relatively. As the navigation system becomes more complicated, the codes for various functional behaviors may become immense and redundant. In this paper, we propose a multiagent with event driven obstacle avoidance system (MEDOAS) for mobile robot navigation. The MEDOAS decomposes a behavior module, such as obstacle avoidance, into several primitive processing agents. The agent cooperates with others by communicating through a shared information memory. A central controller switches the agent activity by event driving rules. Based on MEDOAS more behavior modules can be achieved by adding new primitive agent to cooperate with the existing agents. Experimental results demonstrate the MEDOAS system capable of navigating a mobile robot through the cluttered environment efficiently.
With a little help from my friends: maternal social support, via parenting, promotes willingness to share in preschoolers born to young mothers

Little is known about prosocial behaviours in children of young mothers. This longitudinal study involved 44 young mother (age <20 years at birth of first child) families and 44 older mother families, who were carefully matched for child age and gender, as well as for family structure (number of children, lone-parent status) and socio-economic background (maternal education, head-of-household unemployment, low family income). At the first time-point (M child age = 2.45 years), mothers listed family members or friends who provided practical and/or emotional support; videos of mother–child interaction in play and tidy-up were coded for positive and negative parenting. Two years later (M child age = 4.32 years), children's prosocial behaviours were assessed via (i) an experimental task of willingness to share and (ii) video-based ratings of sharing and helping during dyadic play with friends. T-tests showed few group differences in prosocial behaviours. Regression analyses showed that, for young mother families only, reduced negative parenting mediated associations between support from friends and preschoolers' willingness to share. Support from friends, via parenting, may promote willingness to share in children born to young mother families. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Can music help to improve parent-child communication? Learning music with parents – an Argentine experience

How often do parents have the opportunity to share an organised activity with their children throughout the school year? How often do parents have the chance to be part of their children's musical socialisation? Those were some of the questions that led us to consider the idea of a musical programme for parents to share with their children and called ‘Playing music with mum or dad’. This paper reports about the consequences of this programme implemented for the first time in Argentina at the Collegium Musicum of Buenos Aires in 1991. Although the initial intention was just to offer a musical experience for parents to share with their children once a week throughout the school term, in the course of time the real benefit of this activity showed up, revealing that through this proposal, parents began to relate to their children in a dimension far beyond music. Communication became one of the most important – although underlying aims – of this programme. The idea was also to evaluate if this could be a good starting point for parents to understand their educational function, to be aware of the value of music education and the value of educating for freedom and love.
School-located vaccination for adolescents: Past, present, and future and implications for HPV vaccine delivery

ABSTRACT Adolescents were first specifically targeted for school-located vaccination (SLV) in the 1990s when hepatitis B catch-up vaccination was recommended for all adolescents. SLV affords the opportunity to access adolescents at a time when their activities have developmental import and the patients have the capacity to decline repeatedly missing school and extracurricular events to get vaccinated. As noted above, SLV has been primarily reserved for brief catch-up interventions among youth, with routine vaccination recommendations quickly defaulting to the primary care provider. Now in 2016, with relatively disappointing adolescent immunization rates for the routinely recommended human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, the SLV option is one that could potentially help increase vaccination rates for a particularly effective, life-saving, 3-dose vaccination series. This article will serve as a brief review of the successful use of SLV in other countries, lessons learned when SLV was employed to immunize adolescents against hepatitis B in the United States in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and the current hopes and challenges for the future of adolescent SLV programming in the United States. Overall, the shift to the use of SLV to administer routinely recommend vaccine for adolescents will require careful planning to implement known strategies for accessing youth and in addition to new strategies designed to assure appropriate reimbursement for cost-effect SLV services. While not the best option for all adolescents, SLV provides an important opportunity to immunize youth with limited access to healthcare services in the community at large.
Progressive multi gray-leveling: a voice spam protection algorithm

As voice over IP gains popularity, it is easy to imagine that Internet hacking and other security problems we currently face with email spam will attack the VoIP environment. In contrast to email protocols represented by SMTP, VoIP does not tolerate any negotiation in its signaling steps or screening content due to the delay limitation. Thus, it is difficult to implement voice spam protection or control algorithms by just mimicking popular email spam protection algorithms. This article proposes a voice spam control algorithm called progressive multi gray-leveling (PMG) that fits in VoIP settings. PMG progressively calculates the "gray level" of a caller and determines whether the call will be connected or blocked based on previous call patterns. Based on experiments, it turns out that PMG can learn a spammer's calling pattern and block massive spam attacks from them effectively
Contraction Modulates the Capacity for Protein Synthesis During Growth of Neonatal Heart Cells in Culture

Neonatal ventricular myocytes that were incubated in a well-defined serum-free medium containing 50 mM KCl did not contract and maintained stable cell size, as assessed by the protein/DNA ratio. The present study utilized KCl-arrested cells to examine the effect of constant rates of synchronous contraction in normal [K+]± (4 mM) as a physiological stimulus for myocyte growth. Cell growth increased following the onset of contraction when measured over 3 days. The rate of protein synthesis was accelerated in parallel by contraction, but the rate of protein degradation remained similar to rates in noncontracting cells. The capacity for protein synthesis was estimated by total RNA content and was increased in contracting as compared with KCl-arrested cells. This increase was accompanied by faster rates of RNA synthesis as determined from the incorporation of [3H]uridine into RNA and the specific activity of the cellular UTP pool. The rate of RNA degradation was accelerated during contraction but the difference between the rates of RNA synthesis and degradation resulted in net RNA accumulation of 49percent; after 3 days. These data demonstrated that 1) contractile activity stimulated myocyte growth through an increased capacity for protein synthesis and 2) the increased capacity for protein synthesis involved acceleration of the rate of RNA synthesis. Since enhancement of protein synthetic capacity is a common feature of myocyte hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro, this model can be used to examine the regulation of ribosome synthesis during hypertrophic growth.
The Difference between Blackstone-Like Error Ratios and Probabilistic Standards of Proof

Statements regarding the ratio of erroneous acquittals to erroneous convictions are often thought to have clear implications for standards of proof. For example, Blackstone's comment that “it is better that ten guilty persons escape, than that one innocent suffer’ is believed by many to imply a precise numerical value for proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Specifically, jurors should vote to convict only if they are at least 91 % certain of the defendant's guilt. Unfortunately, the belief that this decision threshold will lead to the desired ratio of judicial errors is simply incorrect. Depending on (a) the accuracy with which juries discriminate between truly innocent and truly guilty defendants and (b) the proportion of defendants who are truly guilty, this probabilistic standard of proof may lead to any ratio of judicial errors, including those favoring conviction of the innocent over acquittal of the guilty. Although standards of proof cannot be equated with error ratios in a simple manner, the problem lies not with probabilistic decision thresholds but with the desire to achieve a certain error ratio. Statements regarding the ratio of erroneous acquittals to erroneous convictions are often thought to have clear implications for standards of proof. For example, Blackstone's comment that “it is better that ten guilty persons escape, than that one innocent suffer” is believed by many to imply a precise numerical value for proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Specifically, jurors should vote to convict only if they are at least 91% certain of the defendant's guilt. Unfortunately, the belief that this decision threshold will led to the desired ratio of judicial errors is simply incorrect. Depending on (a) the accuracy with which juries discriminate between trdy innocent and truly guilty defendants and (b) the proportion of defendants who are truly guilty, this probabilistic standard of proof may iead to any ratio of judicial errors, zncluding those favoring conwiction of the innocent over acquittal of the guilty. Although standards of proof cannot be equated with error ratios in a simple manner, the problem lies not with probabilistic decision thresholds but with the desire to achieve a certain error ratio.
A new non‐invasive technique for assessment of superficial femoral artery obstruction

A transcutaneous technique is described utilizing two ultrasonic Doppler‐shift flow‐velocity meters simultaneously at sites down the arterial system of the leg in patients with superficial femoral disease. The change in shape of the blood‐velocity/time wave‐form over the cardiac cycle and the pulse propagation time between the two sites are measured. The transit time and change in pulse shape are used to assess limb viability. This method is compared with two other non‐invasive techniques: whole‐limb flow measured by a strain‐gauge plethysmograph and with the systolic pressure difference between the arm and the calf. It is shown that as the pulse propagation time and the degree of damping of the blood‐velocity/time wave‐form increase, then limb perfusion decreases, and a nomogram is presented relating these parameters.
Establishing cooperation between Israel and Poland to save Auschwitz Concentration Camp: globalising the responsibility for the Massacre

This paper highlights the rationale for collaboration to prevent the deterioration of heritage sites. It is argued that due to the characteristics of heritage sites (arising from their economic, political and symbolic importance) and difficulties in preserving them, collaboration is essential to prevent these sites from ruin. Taking Auschwitz Concentration Camp as an example, it is postulated that collaboration between Israeli and Polish government agencies is required to prevent the site from irreparable deterioration. This collaboration is based on the symbolic meanings and political importance Auschwitz has and the possibility of emphasising the site's connection to the former Allied nation's heritage.
Fast and accurate battery model applicable for EV and HEV simulation

The need to reduce fuel consumption, minimize emissions, and improve levels of safety, comfort, and reliability is expected to result in a much higher demand for electric power in future cars. In order to develop the needed control algorithms and to optimize the required components some kind of virtual prototype environment is needed. Even so for most components good models already exist, an adequate model for the battery is still missing. However, this is needed since the battery has a large impact on the efficiency of the total system. Therefore this work presents a battery model applicable for EV and HEV simulations.
Optimum Tradeoffs Between the Error Exponent and the Excess-Rate Exponent of Variable-Rate Slepian–Wolf Coding

We analyze the optimal tradeoff between the error exponent and the excess-rate exponent for variable-rate Slepian-Wolf codes. In particular, we first derive upper (converse) bounds on the optimal error and excess-rate exponents, and then lower (achievable) bounds, via a simple class of variable-rate codes which assign the same rate to all source blocks of the same type class. Then, using the exponent bounds, we derive bounds on the optimal rate functions, namely, the minimal rate assigned to each type class, needed in order to achieve a given target error exponent. The resulting excess-rate exponent is then evaluated. Iterative algorithms are provided for the computation of both bounds on the optimal rate functions and their excess-rate exponents. The resulting Slepian-Wolf codes bridge between the two extremes of fixed-rate coding, which has minimal error exponent and maximal excess-rate exponent, and average-rate coding, which has maximal error exponent and minimal excess-rate exponent.
Disentangling Brain Networks in Adult ADHD: Studies with fMRI and TMS

textabstractAttention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is not only limited to young patients. It is increasingly diagnosed in adults. Although the estimated prevalence in Europe ranges between 2 and 3% (48), the knowledge about adult ADHD pathophysiology and its neurobiological basis developed only in the past two decades, primarily stimulated by the rapid developments in modern genetic and imaging techniques. ADHD in adulthood leads to an array of major psychosocial problems such as social maladaptation, academic underachieving, antisocial and aggressive behaviour, relation problems, high risk sexual behaviour and car accidents (11,12;55;67;66). These factors in total lead to a negative impact on social and economic well-being of the individual.
Academic Stress among Undergraduate Students: Measuring the Effects of Stress Inoculation Techniques

The study investigated the Effects of Stress Inoculation Techniques in Fostering Adjustment to Academic Stress among Undergraduate Students of University of Ado Ekiti, Emmanuel Alayande Campus Oyo, Symptoms of stress and various stressors in Academic work of students were identified.480 students participated in this study. Data was collected using Student Academic Stress scale (SASS) Independent samples, t-test statistical analysis was utilized to process the data of the hypotheses tested while simple percentage was used to analyse symptoms of stress and various stress in academic work.Results of the findings indicated that Stress Inoculation Techniques was effective in fostering adjustment to academic stress among undergraduate students. Experimental group were better adjusted to academic stress than the control group. Results also indicated that undergraduates in their second year were better adjusted to academic stress than their first year counterparts. Male participants differ significantly in their level of adjustment to academic stress than the female participants. Again, treatment was effective on participants that attended public secondary schools than those that attended private secondary schools.Implications for lecturers, counselors, and university administrators were also discussed. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n27p599
Neuroprotective activity of cannabinoid receptor‐2 against oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat pups having experimentally‐induced congenital hypothyroidism

In this study, it was aimed to show the cannabinoid receptor‐2 (CB2) role, which is a part of neuroprotective endocannabinoidal system, against increasing nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS, eNOS) levels and the apoptotic activity (caspase‐3, caspase‐9, and DNA in situ fragmentation) within the postnatal critical period in pups of pregnant rats with artificially induced maternal thyroid hormone (TH) deficiency. Each of the three groups established comprised one male and two female rats, and they were coupled. Their pups were used. In the first two groups, the mothers were treated with 0.025% MMI during the critical period of the pregnancy. In the third group, as the control group, the mothers and pups were not treated. Euthanasia was applied to the pups in Group I on Day 10, and to the pups in Groups II and III on Day 21. In the biochemical analyses, total T4 levels of both mothers and pups in Group I and II were found to be lower than those of the control group. Histopathologically, karyopyknosis in migrating neurons and demyelinization were observed in both groups. Caspase‐3 and −9 expressions and TUNEL reactions showed parallelism to these findings. eNOS and iNOS activities were also increased in Groups I and II. CB2 receptor activity was observed in the fore and mid brain in Group I, and in the whole brain in Group II. In conclusion, apoptosis was triggered via oxidative stress in hypothyroid pups. Accordingly, neuroprotective activity of CB2 receptors were motivated spontaneously to resist to CNS lesions during the first 3 weeks of postnatal period. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 1334–1347, 2017
Renal Anomalies Associated with Ectopic Neurohypophysis

Objective: Although the etiology of ectopic neurohypophysis that leads to pituitary hormone deficiencies is not yet clearly understood, birth trauma or genetic factors have been considered responsible. Concurrent cranial and extracranial congenital anomalies have been reported in such cases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of renal anomalies in nonsyndromic cases with ectopic neurohypophysis. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of 20 patients with ectopic neurohypophysis who were followed up between January 1990 and December 2007 in a tertiary University Hospital. Results: Renal anomalies were identified in three (15%) cases including unilateral renal agenesis in one case, renal hypoplasia in one case, and double collecting system and unilateral renal agenesis in one case. Conclusions: In the present study, the increased frequency of renal anomalies in cases of ectopic neurohypophysis was highlighted, and it was emphasized that there might be common genetic factors that lead to such associations. Conflict of interest:None declared.
Blogging and the creative process

ABSTRACT Blogging as a learning space in higher education is a relatively new phenomenon. But with an increasing number of professional writers using blogs to explore their own process, could the interactivity of the blogosphere become a tool for creative development for students of television, radio and creative writing? This piece tiptoes into the playground of cyberspace and argues that the gaze, however cursory, is searing enough to sharpen your game.
Transition from Waveguide to Two Microstrip Lines with Slot Radiators in the Millimeter-Wave Band

Many kinds of microstrip array antennas have been developed in the millimeter-wave band. In order to avoid feeding loss and the decrease of antenna gain by beam shift due to frequency changes, center-fed array antennas are advantageous. In this case, the element spacing around the feeding circuit of the transition from the waveguide to two microstrip lines is larger than one wavelength. Therefore, the sidelobe level grows significantly. In order to suppress the sidelobe level, we propose transitions with slot radiators. Moreover, any polarization angles can be achieved by changing the slot angle. A wide variety from 1.5% to 70% of slot radiator coupling powers can be achieved. To investigate the performance of the proposed transition, 10, 22 and 30-element center-fed microstrip comb-line antennas with the proposed transition were developed at 76.5GHz, and measured performance was evaluated in the millimeter-wave band.
Understanding Shoulder Surfing in the Wild: Stories from Users and Observers

Research has brought forth a variety of authentication systems to mitigate observation attacks. However, there is little work about shoulder surfing situations in the real world. We present the results of a user survey (N=174) in which we investigate actual stories about shoulder surfing on mobile devices from both users and observers. Our analysis indicates that shoulder surfing mainly occurs in an opportunistic, non-malicious way. It usually does not have serious consequences, but evokes negative feelings for both parties, resulting in a variety of coping strategies. Observed data was personal in most cases and ranged from information about interests and hobbies to login data and intimate details about third persons and relationships. Thus, our work contributes evidence for shoulder surfing in the real world and informs implications for the design of privacy protection mechanisms.