Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ancient origin of the integrin-mediated adhesion and signaling machinery

The evolution of animals (metazoans) from their unicellular ancestors required the emergence of novel mechanisms for cell adhesion and cell–cell communication. One of the most important cell adhesion mechanisms for metazoan development is integrin-mediated adhesion and signaling. The integrin adhesion complex mediates critical interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix, modulating several aspects of cell physiology. To date this machinery has been considered strictly metazoan specific. Here we report the results of a comparative genomic analysis of the integrin adhesion machinery, using genomic data from several unicellular relatives of Metazoa and Fungi. Unexpectedly, we found that core components of the integrin adhesion complex are encoded in the genome of the apusozoan protist Amastigomonas sp. , and therefore their origins predate the divergence of Opisthokonta, the clade that includes metazoans and fungi. Furthermore, our analyses suggest that key components of this apparatus have been lost independently in fungi and choanoflagellates. Our data highlight the fact that many of the key genes that had formerly been cited as crucial for metazoan origins have a much earlier origin. This underscores the importance of gene cooption in the unicellular-to-multicellular transition that led to the emergence of the Metazoa.
Improvements on transducing syllable lattice to word lattice for keyword search

This paper investigates a weighted finite state transducer (WFST) based syllable decoding and transduction method for keyword search (KWS), and compares it with sub-word search and phone confusion methods in detail. Acoustic context dependent phone models are trained from word forced alignments and then used for syllable decoding and lattice generation. Out-of-vocabulary (OOV) keyword pronunciations are produced using a grapheme-to-syllable (G2S) system and then used to construct a lexical transducer. The lexical transducer is then composed with a keyword-boosted language model (LM) to transduce the syllable lattices to word lattices for final KWS. Word Error Rates (WER) and KWS results are reported for 5 different languages. It is shown that the syllable transduction method gives comparable KWS results to the syllable search and phone confusion methods. Combination of these three methods further improves OOV KWS performance.
Counterconditioning Treatment for Misophonia

Misophonia is a recently identified discrete and independent condition that cannot be classified using DSM-V criteria. With misophonia, a trigger stimulus elicits a reaction starting with irritation or disgust that immediately escalates. The trigger stimulus can be any typically occurring sound. The reaction is both extreme and irrational, and can include feelings of hate, anger, rage, and disgust. This response is perceived as involuntary, and individuals report feeling a loss of self-control. Misophonia can be conceptualized as a conditioned response to the trigger stimulus. This article describes a counterconditioning treatment of a middle-aged woman for misophonia that involved pairing a positive stimulus with a reduced trigger stimulus. Under these conditions, the misophonic response to the stimulus progressively weakened. Four distinct trigger stimuli were addressed in a multiple baseline treatment format. The overall severity of misophonia and the strength of the misophonic responses to triggers reduced over the course of the treatment, based on client self-assessments. These indicated large reductions in severity of misophonia and response to individual triggers, both at the end of treatment and at 10 months posttreatment. During treatment, responses to low intensity trigger stimuli were purely physical and independent of any emotional response. This demonstrated that, in this case, misophonia included a conditioned physical reflex to the trigger stimulus. It is proposed that misophonia consists of an aversive physical reflex elicited by the trigger stimulus and an emotional response elicited by the aversive physical reflex.
Characterization of an Arabidopsis Lipoxygenase Gene Responsive to Methyl Jasmonate and Wounding

A cDNA corresponding to the gene AtLox2 was isolated from an Arabidopsis thaliana library using a lipoxygenase (LOX) probe from soybean. AtLox2 encodes a 102-kD protein, AtLOX2, which has 42 to 45% amino acid sequence identity with other plant LOX sequences. The AtLOX2 sequence is more than 30 amino acids longer at the amino terminus than other plant LOX sequences, and this extension has features reminiscent of chloroplast transit peptides, suggesting that AtLOX2 may be chloroplast localized. AtLox2 mRNA levels are high in leaves and inflorescences but very low in seeds, roots, and stems. AtLox2 mRNA accumulation is rapidly induced in leaves in response to methyl jasmonate. Leaves that have been wounded and adjacent leaves on the same plant also accumulate AtLox2 mRNA.
The capacity per unit energy of large wireless networks

We study the scaling of the capacity per unit energy of a wireless network as a function of the number of nodes and the deployment area. We show that in a network of n nodes located randomly in a region of area scaling linearly with n and communicating over Gaussian fading channels with power pathloss exponent α, the per-node capacity per unit energy scales essentially as Θ(n<sup>1−α/2</sup>) in the low path-loss regime (2 ≤ α ≤ 3) and essentially as Θ(n<sup>−1/2</sup>) in the high path-loss regime (α ≥ 3); while if the area is held constant, it scales essentially as Θ(n) and Θ(n<sup>(α−1)/2</sup>) in the low and high path-loss regimes, respectively. We propose a novel communication scheme, phase-aligned amplify-and-forward, which is shown to be order-optimal in the low path-loss regime—no other known scheme achieves the same scaling. We show that the well-known multi-hop scheme is order-optimal in the high path-loss regime.
High performance data analysis for particle physics using the Gfarm file system

The Belle experiment at the KEKB asymmetric e+e− collider has provided 24.6 TB of B physics summary data, which are analyzed by collaborators repeatedly to obtain new physics results. Currently, such a large-scale data analysis is performed using 1,140 nodes of a PC cluster, where time is mostly spent in file I/O to read tens of terabytes of data from a storage system instead of the data analysis itself. This paper discusses how to obtain parallel scalable file I/O performance to speed up the large-scale data analysis using existing KEKB computing facilities. We introduce a Gfarm file system for this purpose, and evaluate performance of file I/O and Belle data analysis. Using 1,112 compute nodes, 52.0 GB/sec of parallel file read performance, which is almost the peak disk I/O bandwidth in the total system, is achieved. A physics analysis with the Belle analysis software achieves 24.0 GB/sec of data rate using 704 compute nodes. It provides the possibility of deduction of the turn around of the analysis in Belle to one day or so, and the contribution for a rapid advance in not only physics but also various field of sciences.
Rhombohedral superhard structure of BC2N

Ab initio evolutionary algorithm was employed to resolve the crystal structure of the observed superhard BC2N. We uncovered two polymorphs with rhombohedral (2 f.u./cell) and orthorhombic (2 f.u./cell) symmetries, with which the experimental x-ray diffraction pattern is well reproduced. Analysis of the total energy results and the simulated energy-loss near-edge spectroscopy suggests that the rhombohedral structure is the best candidate for the superhard BC2N. We further demonstrated that earlier proposed high density and low density forms are likely from this single rhombohedral phase.
The causal interaction within attention networks and emotion network: A fMRI study

fMRI studies have suggested that there are two different attention networks: the dorsal attention network (DAN) and the ventral attention network (VAN). The emotion network has also been discovered by some researches. The dorsal attention network controls goal-oriented top-down deployment of attention; the ventral attention network controls stimulus-driven bottom-up deployment of attention; the emotion network will feed back the stimulus especially fearful expressions from the environment. The interaction within these networks has been noticed but few studies have been carried out. The purpose of this study is to explore the interaction within these networks. The regions of interest were acquired by using the GLM analysis after which the granger causality among these ROIs was calculated. Connections among ROIs were considered as causal when their respective granger causality value is greater than the mean value of all granger causalities. According to the results, there is interaction within the three networks, which suggested that the ventral attention network may distract the dorsal attention network and that the emotion network may influence both attention networks.
RESILIENCE IN OUR SCHOOLS: DISCOVERING MENTAL HEALTH AND HOPE FROM THE INSIDE-OUT

The National Resilience Resource Center (NRRC) joins resilience research and practice using Resilience/Health Realization to increase protective factors in school and community systems by enhancing the health of the helper. Resilience theory and practice are discussed in the context of prevention science and persistently safe schools. Principles of Resilience/ Health Realization employed by NRRC to systemically enhance student and staff mental health and well-being are summarized.
LONGITUDINAL INDICATORS OF WOMEN'S IDENTITY AND FAMILY SELF AND DAUGHTERS' CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON RELATIONSHIPS WITH NONALCOHOLIC AND ALCOHOLIC PARENTS

LONGITUDINAL INDICATORS OF WOMEN’S IDENTITY AND FAMILY SELF AND DAUGHTERS’ CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON RELATIONSHIPS WITH NONALCOHOLIC AND ALCOHOLIC PARENTS Mary Orosz Vail, M.S. Change and stability on identity and family self indicators, first studied in 1989, are documented among 54 women aged 47.26 (SD=8.44) years; 26 of these women were interviewed in 1997 as well. The present study examined daughters’ perceptions of relationships with parents and their influences on women’s identities, self-perceptions, and vulnerabilities to distress. Categorizing women by parents’ alcoholism status and respondents’ concurrent therapeutic activities explained a modest proportion of variance on identity and family self in 1989. By 1997 there were no longer significant differences between alcoholics’ daughters and nonalcoholics’ daughters. Variance attributable to 1989 group categorization was considerably reduced. Phenomenological themes revealed among daughters’ reflections included the importance of parents’ time and attention with striking differences on relating with parents in alcoholics’ families and nonalcoholics’ families. Essential features of perspective taking experiences explain similarities and differences in daughters’ felt closeness to parents influencing women’s identities, self-perceptions, and therapeutic activities. Incongruity between sociocultural ideals and lived experience evidently exacerbate women’s existential struggles.
The acquisition of Jamaican Creole: Null subject phenomenon

ABSTRACT This article provides the first systematic analysis of early subject omission in a creole language. Basing our analysis on a longitudinal corpus of natural production of Jamaican Creole (JC), we observe that early subject drop is robustly attested for several months. Early subject omission is basically confined to the clause initial position, being virtually absent from instances of wh-preposing, as has been observed for other languages. The acquisition of JC thus provides empirical support for the claim that early null subjects are a case of the “Privilege of the Root,” and for the Truncation Hypothesis (Rizzi 1992, 1993/94, 2006). However, the occurrence of subject-drop following null interrogative operators in null wh-questions and yes/no questions suggests that the mechanism of truncation needs fine-tuning. To respond to this challenge, we suggest an approach to the privilege of the root and truncation that capitalizes on the spell-out mechanism, rather than on structure-building operations.
Work as the contemporary limit of life: Capitalism, the death drive, and the lethal fantasy of ‘work–life balance’

This article introduces contemporary discourses of ‘work–life balance’ as a cultural fantasy revolving self-hood around employment and organizations. To do so, it draws on the Lacanian interpretation of the Freudian ‘death drive’ to highlight the importance of ‘disequilibrium’ for the construction of the subject and individual identification therein. More precisely, it reflects on the ways this structuring of self-hood associated with the impossible pursuit of ‘equilibrium’ maps out onto present desires for ‘work–life balance’ and its subsequent production of a regulated ‘imbalanced’ subject. It argues that individuals are maintained as subjects through their identification with and paradoxical enjoyment, or jouissance, from being ‘imbalanced’. Consequently, capitalist work and organizations stand as the contemporary limit of ‘life’ through their fundamental role in producing and sustaining this ‘imbalanced’ subject in search of ‘balance’. It is ironically in this longing to overcome this ‘imbalance’, to ‘work to live’, that individuals remain even more strongly a capitalist and organizational ‘subject of desire’. They literally cannot go on subjectively ‘living’ without capitalist work.
Does tomorrow ever come? Disaster narrative and public perceptions of climate change

The film The Day After Tomorrow depicts the abrupt and catastrophic transformation of the Earth’s climate into a new ice age, playing upon the uncertainty surrounding a possible North Atlantic thermohaline circulation (Gulf Stream) shutdown. This paper investigates the impact of the film on people’s perception of climate change through a survey of filmgoers in the UK. Analysis focuses on four issues: the likelihood of extreme impacts; concern over climate change versus other global problems; motivation to take action; and responsibility for the problem of climate change. It finds that seeing the film, at least in the short term, changed people’s attitudes; viewers were significantly more concerned about climate change, and about other environmental risks. However, while the film increased anxiety about environmental risks, viewers experienced difficulty in distinguishing science fact from dramatized science fiction. Their belief in the likelihood of extreme events as a result of climate change was actually reduced. Following the film, many viewers expressed strong motivation to act on climate change. However, although the film may have sensitized viewers and motivated them to act, the public do not have information on what action they can take to mitigate climate change.
A matrix-based fast calculation algorithm for estimating network capacity of MANETs

In this paper, we study capacity estimation for mobile ad hoc networks, (MANETs) using directional antennas. A matrix-based fast calculation algorithm is proposed to calculate the network capacity in a network scenario in which there is no channel sharing among multiple sessions and there is an end-to-end delay constraint between each source and destination pair The algorithm calculates the network capacity in terms of the maximum number of k-hop paths based on the k-hop adjacency matrix of the network. Through numerical and simulation results, we show that our proposed algorithm can estimate network capacity much faster than the brute-force search algorithm with the same accuracy. In addition, our proposed algorithm can also be adapted to a transmission environment using omni-directional antennas.
Biventricular capture verification by means of morphological analysis of intracardiac electrogram.

AIMS The aim of this study is to develop a new feature for automatic biventricular capture verification in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices, by means of morphological analysis of the intracardiac electrogram (IEGM). METHODS AND RESULTS The algorithm performs capture classification based on a novel adaptive signed correlation index (ASCI), which measures morphological similarity between the post-pace IEGM and a template waveform representing captured paces. To evaluate the performance of the algorithm, CRT pacemakers were implanted in six dogs. During a mean follow-up of 23 days, 175 biventricular threshold tests were conducted with various configurations of pace/sense polarities. Biventricular IEGMs were recorded and downloaded for offline analysis. Template signals for each pace/sense configuration in each chamber were created for individual dogs during the first follow-up. Each pace was annotated for capture or non-capture by visual examination of the IEGM. A total of 9991 capture paces and 4474 non-capture paces were included for morphological analysis. The calculated ASCI values were well separated for capture and non-capture paces irrespective of right/left pacing chambers, pace/sense configurations, pacing amplitude, individual dogs, and temporal proximity of the capture templates. Overall, the classification accuracy of the algorithm remained ≥99% for any ASCI cut-off value choosing between 0.18 and 0.52. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility to perform automatic biventricular capture verification based on morphological analysis of the IEGM.
Shame! Self-stigmatisation as an obstacle to sick doctors returning to work: a qualitative study

Objective To explore the views of sick doctors on the obstacles preventing them returning to work. Design Qualitative study. Setting Single participating centre recruiting doctors from all over the UK. Participants Doctors who had been away from work for at least 6 months with physical or mental health problems, drug or alcohol problems, General Medical Council involvement or any combination of these, were eligible. Eligible doctors were recruited in conjunction with the Royal Medical Benevolent Fund, the General Medical Council and the Practitioner Health Programme. These organisations approached 77 doctors; 19 participated. Each doctor completed an in-depth semistructured interview. We used a constant comparison method to identify and agree on the coding of the data and the identification of a number of central themes. Results The doctors described that being away from work left them isolated and sad. Many experienced negative reactions from their family and some deliberately concealed their problems. Doctors described a lack of support from colleagues and feared a negative response when returning to work. Self-stigmatisation was central to the participants’ accounts; several described themselves as failures and appeared to have internalised the negative views of others. Conclusions Self-stigmatising views, which possibly emerge from the belief that ‘doctors are invincible’, represent a major obstacle to doctors returning to work. From medical school onwards cultural change is necessary to allow doctors to recognise their vulnerabilities so they can more easily generate strategies to manage if they become unwell.
10 networking papers: recommended reading

In the last issue ACM Computer Communication Review, Christophe Diot, the Editor-in-Chief kicked off a series of contributions to CCR by members of our technical community on networking papers that they would recommend to others. Of course, we all have our lists of favourites (I have 4 book lists on Amazon! ), but this is more than just stamp collecting. Search engines and citation indexes have several problems, including: it is hard to balance recency of an article with popularity – a single dimension index doesn't really tell you whether a paper is seminal or just popular; some material is not available (too old, or not there any more; the average of everyone's opinion may not be as useful as a subjective view by someone you trust (or distrust); one day, these problems may be solved by contextualizing information that is retrieved and presenting the recommendation network that your retrieval was made by (Some search engines like http://beta.previewseek.com/ are starting to do this). Until that day, lists like this are a good substitute, and they are also fun starting points for discussion. My list is explicitly not my " top ten " papers ever. Rather, it represents a sample made at a snapshot. These are papers that came up in recent discussions in PhD supervision, research project work, and in reviewing papers for conferences. For each paper, I've given some indication of the value I got from the paper. In some cases, I also give the context that I first saw the paper. Here they are, in random order: • " Experience with Grapevine: the growth of a distributed system, " [Schroeder 1984]. This has so many ideas in how to actually do things right (compared say to DNS) and includes some things people have forgotten about 10 times (including later work that used both epidemic models and control theory applied to the update traffic). We used to work on Directory Systems at UCL in the 1980s – we also worked on comparing early DNS implementations (Berkeley BIND and Stanford's DRUID). The baseline for all of these, though, was GrapeVine. Paul Dourish (now at Irvine) visited us in UCL from Xerox's European PARC, round then and told us the stories of epidemic problems that showed up in this paper. • " The Design and Implementation of an Operating System to Support Distributed Multimedia Applications, " [Leslie 2000]. It's a shame so …
The Security of Chaang and Winnowing

This paper takes a closer look at Rivest's cha ng-and-winnowing paradigm for data privacy. We begin with a de nition which enables one to determine whether a given scheme quali es as \cha ng-and-winnowing. " We then analyze Rivest's schemes to see what quality of data privacy they provide. His bit-by-bit scheme is easily proven to meet a standard notion of privacy under chosen-plaintext attack, but is ine cient. His more e cient scheme |based on all-or-nothing transforms (AONTs)| can be attacked under Rivest's de nition of security of an AONT. However we show that by using OAEP as the AONT one can prove security, and also present a di erent scheme, still using AONTs, that is equally e cient and easily proven secure even under a relatively weak notion of security of AONTs.
Pathogenic Role of SEF14, SEF17, and SEF21 Fimbriae in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Infection of Chickens

ABSTRACT Very little is known about the contribution of surface appendages of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis to pathogenesis in chickens. This study was designed to clarify the role of SEF14, SEF17, and SEF21 fimbriae in serovar Enteritidis pathogenesis. Stable, single, defined sefA (SEF14), agfA (SEF17), andfimA (SEF21) insertionally inactivated fimbrial gene mutants of serovar Enteritidis were constructed. All mutant strains invaded Caco-2 and HT-29 enterocytes at levels similar to that of the wild type. Both mutant and wild-type strains were ingested equally well by chicken macrophage cell lines HD11 and MQ-NCSU. There were no significant differences in the abilities of these strains to colonize chicken ceca. The SEF14− strain was isolated in lower numbers from the livers of infected chickens and was cleared from the spleens faster than other strains. No significant differences in fecal shedding of these strains were observed.
Recent progress in orexin/hypocretin physiology and pharmacology

Abstract Orexin peptides and their cognate receptors were discovered 14 years ago. They soon took a very central position in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. Active studies have further elucidated these functions as well as the role of orexins in, for instance, appetite, metabolism, analgesia, addiction, and stress response. This review summarizes all the important fields but especially aims at focusing on novel findings and future directions.