Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of De Novo Malignancies on Long-Term Survival after Lung Transplantation

Simple Summary Lung transplant recipients are at high risk of malignancies. Despite the continuous improvements in lung transplant outcomes over time, limited knowledge exists about the real impact of de novo malignancies developing in lung transplant recipients on their long-term survival. For this reason, we aimed to assess the prevalence of de novo malignancies in a large cohort of lung transplant recipients, their influence on long-term survival, and whether malignancies were an independent risk factor for mortality. We found that 12% of the overall series developed some type of malignancy, with malignancy-related mortality for almost half of the patients developing malignancies. This finding reflects the magnitude of the problem. Furthermore, we observed that de novo lung cancers were the most lethal, affecting the native lungs of recipients receiving single lung transplants. This observation makes it necessary to reconsider performing single lung transplants, especially in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Abstract (1) Background: Malignancies are an important cause of mortality after solid organ transplantation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence of malignancies in patients receiving lung transplants (LT) and their influence on patients’ survival. (2) Methods: Review of consecutive LT from 1994 to 2021. Patients with and without malignancies were compared by univariable and multivariable analyses. Survival was compared with Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. (3) Results: There were 731 LT malignancies developed in 91 patients (12.4%) with related mortality of 47% (n = 43). Native lung cancer, digestive and hematological malignancies were associated with higher lethality. Malignancies were more frequent in males (81%; p = 0.005), transplanted for emphysema (55%; p = 0.003), with cyclosporine-based immunosuppression (58%; p < 0.001), and receiving single LT (65%; p = 0.011). Survival was worse in patients with malignancies (overall) and with native lung cancer. Risk factors for mortality were cyclosporine-based immunosuppression (OR 1.8; 95%CI: 1.3–2.4; p < 0.001) and de novo lung cancer (OR 2.6; 95%CI: 1.5–4.4; p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Malignancies are an important source of morbidity and mortality following lung transplantation that should not be neglected. Patients undergoing single LT for emphysema are especially at higher risk of mortality due to lung cancer in the native lung.
Recent progress on underwater soft robots: adhesion, grabbing, actuating, and sensing

The research on biomimetic robots, especially soft robots with flexible materials as the main structure, is constantly being explored. It integrates multi-disciplinary content, such as bionics, material science, mechatronics engineering, and control theory, and belongs to the cross-disciplinary field related to mechanical bionics and biological manufacturing. With the continuous development of various related disciplines, this area has become a hot research field. Particularly with the development of practical technologies such as 3D printing technology, shape memory alloy, piezoelectric materials, and hydrogels at the present stage, the functions and forms of soft robots are constantly being further developed, and a variety of new soft robots keep emerging. Soft robots, combined with their own materials or structural characteristics of large deformation, have almost unlimited degrees of freedom (DoF) compared with rigid robots, which also provide a more reliable structural basis for soft robots to adapt to the natural environment. Therefore, soft robots will have extremely strong adaptability in some special conditions. As a type of robot made of flexible materials, the changeable pose structure of soft robots is especially suitable for the large application environment of the ocean. Soft robots working underwater can better mimic the movement characteristics of marine life in the hope of achieving more complex underwater tasks. The main focus of this paper is to classify different types of underwater organisms according to their common motion modes, focusing on the achievements of some bionic mechanisms in different functional fields that have imitated various motion modes underwater in recent years (e.g., the underwater sucking glove, the underwater Gripper, and the self-powered soft robot). The development of various task types (e.g., grasping, adhesive, driving or swimming, and sensing functions) and mechanism realization forms of the underwater soft robot are described based on this article.
Smart Wheelchair Design for the Disables to Worship at the Mosque

Persons with disabilities with limited walking (leg disabilities) need assistive devices in carrying out life routines, especially praying at the Mosque. Current data show that 10% of the world's population or 65 million people are those with walking limitations (foot disabilities). Therefore, it is necessary to design a wheelchair that is more innovative and responsive so that the movement of people with disabilities is more assisted and flexible. This article will discuss how the author designs and manufactures wheelchairs to help people with disabilities perform prayers at the mosque. The name for the product made is Wheelchair design. To design the product the author uses the prototype method, this method is carried out by identifying problems, analyzing user needs, designing products according to user needs, making products that have been planned. This design is one of the technological development innovations in Islam as a religion that teaches its people to innovate in various scientific aspects. Besides that, this tool is actually very helpful for people with disabilities in making it easier for them to carry out worship at the mosque.
Fluage à haute température d'un superalliage monocristallin : expérimentation in situ en rayonnement synchrotron

Les superalliages monocristallins a base de nickel sont utilises en aeronautique pour les aubes de turbines. Cette etude est consacree a la modelisation du comportement en fluage du superalliage monocristallin AM1 apres mise en radeaux, au cours d’essais isothermes a contrainte variable. Des diffractogrammes (200) ont ete obtenus in situ par diffractometrie trois axes en rayonnement synchrotron, a haute temperature (950-1150°C) pour des paliers de contrainte entre 0 et 300MPa. Pour chaque phase, les deformations elastiques se deduisent de la position des pics et les contraintes, deformations plastiques et vitesses de deformation sont obtenues par la mesure du desaccord parametrique, en utilisant un modele composite en serie. Ces resultats sont combines a une caracterisation post mortem en microscopie electronique : morphologie des phases, densite et nature des dislocations. La mesure in situ du desaccord parametrique donne acces a la densite instantanee de dislocations aux interfaces y/y’. Dans la phase ylors d’increments de la contrainte appliquee, la contrainte de Von Mises augmente, puis se relaxe jusqu’a une contrainte seuil. Cette contrainte est en accord avec la contrainte d’Orowan et les largeurs des couloirs mesurees post mortem. La deformation plastique de la phase y’ est produite par montee de dislocations de vecteur de Burgers perpendiculaire a l’axe de traction sous l’action de la seule contrainte transverse et controlee par l’entree de dislocations depuis les interfaces. Une simulation des pics de diffraction permet de reproduire l’evolution de leur largeur en fonction de la nature et de la repartition des dislocations aux interfaces et dans la phase y'
Electrical Resistivity of Tropical Peat

Peat represents the extreme form of soft soil. Using electro-osmotic techniques to improve the peat entails evaluating electrical properties of the soil. Electrical resistivity and conductivity of peat soil regarding to its pore fluid, organic content, temperature, and degree of humification were investigated to conceptualize electro-osmotic phenomena. The results of the study revealed that the electrical resistivity of the peat decreased as the water content or the temperature increased. The resistivity of the humified peat was lower than the unhumified peat, meaning a higher degree of peat decomposition resulted in a lower peat resistivity. The study showed that the resistivity of peat increased as the organic content increased. The electrical conductivity of the humified peat was higher than the electrical conductivity of the unhumified peat. The electrical conductivity of peat decreased as the organic content increased. The study thus far showed that a highly decomposed peat could be a better candidate for using electro-osmotic techniques in comparison with unhumified peat.
The Impact of Routine Vaccinations on Alzheimer’s Disease Risk in Persons 65 Years and Older: A Claims-Based Cohort Study using Propensity Score Matching

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that adult vaccinations can reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Alzheimer’s disease related dementias. Objective: To compare the risk for developing AD between adults with and without prior vaccination against tetanus and diphtheria, with or without pertussis (Tdap/Td); herpes zoster (HZ); or pneumococcus. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed using Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database. Included patients were free of dementia during a 2-year look-back period and were≥65 years old by the start of the 8-year follow-up period. We compared two similar cohorts identified using propensity score matching (PSM), one vaccinated and another unvaccinated, with Tdap/Td, HZ, or pneumococcal vaccines. We calculated the relative risk (RR) and absolute risk reduction (ARR) for developing AD. Results: For the Tdap/Td vaccine, 7.2% (n = 8,370) of vaccinated patients and 10.2% (n = 11,857) of unvaccinated patients developed AD during follow-up; the RR was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.68–0.72) and ARR was 0.03 (95% CI, 0.02–0.03). For the HZ vaccine, 8.1% (n = 16,106) of vaccinated patients and 10.7% (n = 21,417) of unvaccinated patients developed AD during follow-up; the RR was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.73–0.76) and ARR was 0.02 (95% CI, 0.02–0.02). For the pneumococcal vaccine, 7.92% (n = 20,583) of vaccinated patients and 10.9% (n = 28,558) of unvaccinated patients developed AD during follow-up; the RR was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.71–0.74) and ARR was 0.02 (95% CI, 0.02–0.03). Conclusion: Several vaccinations, including Tdap/Td, HZ, and pneumococcal, are associated with a reduced risk for developing AD.
Administrative Sanctions in State Contracting Processes: Reflections on the Peruvian Case

Purpose: The framework of the actions of the Peruvian State Contracting Tribunal (TCE), it was proposed to reflect on the causes of the ineffectiveness of the regulatory framework of state contracting processes, seeking to disaggregate them to offer solutions to the problem of increase in the procedural burden in this court. Methodology: A systematic narrative review was carried out using a qualitative research approach. Using Atlas Ti®, 31 categories were obtained, which were grouped into three groups: Factors associated with the origin of the contract, Concomitant measures to the actions of the TCE, and Deficiency of the jurisprudence in support of the rulings of the TCE. Result: It was concluded that, to the extent that it takes time for the integration of administrative management systems and systematization of the information generated by the sources associated with the State Procurement Law to guarantee better processes for updating the regulations, the number of cases that are treated in the TEC would continue to increase. Conclusion: The review and analysis of this work, the authors consulted agree that it is imperative to review and systematize the information generated from the sources associated with the regulations of the state procurement law, as well as the review of the regulatory hierarchies that should be considered to regulate the procedures that are resolved in the TCE.
Exploring Species-Specificity in TLR4/MD-2 Inhibition with Amphiphilic Lipid A Mimicking Glycolipids

The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) complex is a key receptor of the innate immune system and a major driver of inflammation that is responsible for the multifaceted defense response to Gram-negative infections. However, dysfunction in the tightly regulated mechanisms of TLR4-mediated signaling leads to the uncontrolled upregulation of local and systemic inflammation, often resulting in acute or chronic disease. Therefore, the TLR4/MD-2 receptor complex is an attractive target for the design and development of anti-inflammatory therapies which aim to control the unrestrained activation of TLR4-mediated signaling. Complex structure–activity relationships and species-specificity behind ligand recognition by the TLR4/MD-2 complex complicate the development of MD-2-specific TLR4 antagonists. The restriction of the conformational flexibility of the disaccharide polar head group is one of the key structural features of the newly developed lipid A—mimicking glycophospholipids, which are potential inhibitors of TLR4-mediated inflammation. Since phosphorylation has a crucial influence on MD-2–ligand interaction, glycolipids with variable numbers and positioning of phosphate groups were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit TLR4-mediated pro-inflammatory signaling in human and murine immune cells. A bis-phosphorylated glycolipid was found to have nanomolar antagonist activity on human TLR4 while acting as a partial agonist on murine TLR4. The glycolipid inhibited mTLR4/MD-2-mediated cytokine release, acting as an antagonist in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but at the same time induced low-level cytokine production.
Violence Prevention Climate and Health-Oriented Leadership in German Emergency Departments

Emergency departments (EDs) are high-risk environments for workplace violence. Research into techniques to prevent violence has less frequently explored the influence of leadership. This study aims to analyze the association of leadership with the prevention of violence using the concepts of health-oriented leadership (HoL) and the violence prevention climate (VPC). This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted through online surveys between November 2021 and March 2022 across Germany. A sample of 370 doctors and nurses working in German EDs were recruited. Perceptions towards VPC and HoL were compared between groups divided according to profession and position using independent t-tests or Mann–Whitney U tests. Separate multiple linear regression models for supervisors and employees analyzed the association between different profiles of HoL with VPC. Supervisors and employees showed significant differences in supervisor staff-care and VPC. Regression analysis demonstrated that supervisors’ self-care and employees’ assessment of supervisor’s staff-care positively predicted all dimensions of VPC. This empirical study provides insights into the variable perceptions of different groups and the association of leadership profiles with the perceptivity of VPC. The results of this study can be used to emphasize the importance of HoL training for both employees and supervisors to improve communication and health-promoting behavior.
Dazomet changes microbial communities and improves morel mushroom yield under continuous cropping

Morels (Morchella spp.) are highly prized and popular edible mushrooms. The outdoor cultivation of morels in China first developed at the beginning of the 21st century. Several species, such as Morchella sextelata, M. eximia, and M. importuna, have been commercially cultivated in greenhouses. However, the detriments and obstacles associated with continuous cropping have become increasingly serious, reducing yields and even leading to a complete lack of fructification. It has been reported that the obstacles encountered with continuous morel cropping may be related to changes in the soil microbial community. To study the effect of dazomet treatment on the cultivation of morel under continuous cropping, soil was fumigated with dazomet before morel sowing. Alpha diversity and beta diversity analysis results showed that dazomet treatment altered the microbial communities in continuous cropping soil, which decreased the relative abundance of soil-borne fungal pathogens, including Paecilomyces, Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Acremonium, increased the relative abundance of beneficial soil bacteria, including Bacillius and Pseudomonas. In addition, the dazomet treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of morel mycelia in the soil and significantly improved morel yield under continuous cropping. These results verified the relationship between the obstacles associated with continuous cropping in morels and the soil microbial community and elucidated the mechanism by which the obstacle is alleviated when using dazomet treatment.
Manufacturing of graphene based synaptic devices for optoelectronic applications

Neuromorphic computing systems can perform memory and computing tasks in parallel on artificial synaptic devices through simulating synaptic functions, which is promising for breaking the conventional von Neumann bottlenecks at hardware level. Artificial optoelectronic synapses enable the synergistic coupling between optical and electrical signals in synaptic modulation, which opens up an innovative path for effective neuromorphic systems. With the advantages of high mobility, optical transparency, ultrawideband tunability, and environmental stability, graphene has attracted tremendous interest for electronic and optoelectronic applications. Recent progress highlights the significance of implementing graphene into artificial synaptic devices. Herein, to better understand the potential of graphene-based synaptic devices, the fabrication technologies of graphene are first presented. Then, the roles of graphene in various synaptic devices are demonstrated. Furthermore, their typical optoelectronic applications in neuromorphic systems are reviewed. Finally, outlooks for development of synaptic devices based on graphene are proposed. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding of graphene fabrication technologies and graphene-based synaptic device for optoelectronic applications, also present an outlook for development of graphene-based synaptic device in future neuromorphic systems.
Islamic Religious Education Teacher Learning Methods During the Covid-19 Pandemic Period in Junior High Schools

The Islamic Religious Education learning method is an important component of learning. In providing learning materials the teacher must have preparation so the teacher must know the appropriate learning methods to apply when teaching. The purpose of this study was to find out what learning methods were applied at Sijunjung 19 Public Junior High School during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach, data sources were taken from sixteen informants consisting of teachers and students through direct interviews using a set of interview protocols. All data were analyzed thematically using NVivo 12 software. The research findings show that there are three Islamic Religious Education learning methods that are often applied by teachers, namely: i) Lecture method, ii) recitation, and iii) group discussion.
Robinson Crusoe in the Pacific: REFUGIO by Roger Palmer and the Marxian theory of economic character masks

ABSTRACT Robinson Crusoe is among the world’s most mythologized fictional characters. As homo economicus, economic man, Crusoe is a byword for rugged individualism. Crusoe has been linked to the emergent bourgeois individual, and this role offers a way to reconsider, after 300 years of circulation, an alternate economic reading of the character. This article rereads Crusoe’s role in Marx’s theory of commodity fetishism, prompted by an art installation, REFUGIO – after Selkirk, after Crusoe by Roger Palmer, which explores a visually doubled figure of Crusoe relocated to the Pacific Ocean. This trope of doubling is reinterpreted with Marx’s concept of “economic character masks” and J.M. Coetzee’s postcolonial re-imagining of the Crusoe story, Foe, showing that Crusoe’s economic character mask continues to operate in the capitalist world while his body is absent. Homo economicus is a fiction that obscures the capitalist individual’s imbrication with globalizing networks of exchange, accumulation, and exploitation.
Estimation with pairwise observations

The paper introduces a new estimation method for the standard linear regression model. The procedure is not driven by the optimisation of any objective function rather, it is a simple weighted average of slopes from observation pairs. The paper shows that such estimator is consistent for carefully selected weights. Other properties, such as asymptotic distributions, have also been derived to facilitate valid statistical inference. Unlike traditional methods, such as Least Squares and Maximum Likelihood, among others, the estimated residual of this estimator is not by construction orthogonal to the explanatory variables of the model. This property allows a wide range of practical applications, such as the testing of endogeneity, i.e., the correlation between the explanatory variables and the disturbance terms.
A Comprehensive Review of Land Use and Land Cover Change Based on Knowledge Graph and Bibliometric Analyses

Land use and land cover (LULC) changes are of vital significance in fields such as environmental impact assessment and natural disaster monitoring. This study, through an analysis of 1432 papers over the past decade employing quantitative, qualitative, bibliometric analysis, and knowledge graph techniques, aims to assess the evolution and current landscape of deep learning (DL) in LULC. The focus areas are: (1) trend analysis of the number and annual citations of published articles, (2) identification of leading institutions, countries/regions, and publication sources, (3) exploration of scientific collaborations among major institutions and countries/regions, and (4) examination of key research themes and their development trends. From 2013 to 2023 there was a substantial surge in the application of DL in LULC, with China standing out as the principal contributor. Notably, international cooperation, particularly between China and the USA, saw a significant increase. Furthermore, the study elucidates the challenges concerning sample data and models in the application of DL to LULC, providing insights that could guide future research directions to accelerate progress in this domain.