Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Labeling 3D scenes for Personal Assistant Robots

Inexpensive RGB-D cameras that give an RGB image together with depth data have become widely available. We use this data to build 3D point clouds of a full scene. In this paper, we address the task of labeling objects in this 3D point cloud of a complete indoor scene such as an office. We propose a graphical model that captures various features and contextual relations, including the local visual appearance and shape cues, object co-occurrence relationships and geometric relationships. With a large number of object classes and relations, the model's parsimony becomes important and we address that by using multiple types of edge potentials. The model admits efficient approximate inference, and we train it using a maximum-margin learning approach. In our experiments over a total of 52 3D scenes of homes and offices (composed from about 550 views, having 2495 segments labeled with 27 object classes), we get a performance of 84.06% in labeling 17 object classes for offices, and 73.38% in labeling 17 object classes for home scenes. Finally, we applied these algorithms successfully on a mobile robot for the task of finding an object in a large cluttered room.
Intraoperative ketorolac is an effective substitute for fentanyl in children undergoing outpatient adenotonsillectomy

Background : In this prospective randomized double‐blind study, we compared the incidence of emesis and 48‐h recovery profiles after a single dose of ketorolac vs fentanyl in dexamethasone‐pretreated children undergoing ambulatory adenoidectomy and laser‐assisted tonsillectomy (ADLAT). We evaluated the hypothesis that avoiding the use of opioids and replacing them with an equianalgesic dose of ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, would reduce the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
Challenges in Managing NSAID-Associated Gastrointestinal Tract Injury

The use of non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and/or aspirin is associated with upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract injury, particularly in high-risk patients (e.g. those with prior upper GI ulcers and ulcer complications, individuals ≧ 65 years, or those using high-dose or multiple non-selective NSAIDs). Important management issues regarding NSAID-associated upper gastrointestinal toxicity include: (1) the optimal therapeutic approach to accelerate the healing of gastroduodenal ulcers that may become clinically apparent while using NSAIDs and (2) approaches to prevent the development of gastroduodenal ulcers and ulcer complications associated with their continued use. Clinical trials have reproducibly demonstrated that the healing of NSAID-associated gastric and duodenal ulcers is accelerated with the use of acid suppressive agents (e.g. histamine-2-receptor antagonists, H2RAs, and proton pump inhibitors, PPIs), even with the continued use of the NSAID. The risk of developing gastroduodenal ulcers or ulcer complications with the continued and long-term use of NSAIDs is now well recognised as an important problem commonly encountered in daily clinical practice. Clinical trials have shown that co-prescription of misoprostol, high-dose H2RAs or PPIs can effectively prevent or reduce the rate of gastroduodenal mucosal damage associated with the use of non-selective NSAIDs. Approaching the problem in a different way, COX-2-selective inhibitors circumvent the problem; based on their mechanism of action, these agents are less ulcerogenic in UGI tract as compared with non-selective NSAIDs. In a recently reported trial conducted in high-risk patients (past history of a NSAID-associated UGI ulcer bleed), the use of a COX-2-selective inhibitor or the combination of non-selective NSAID with a PPI resulted in similar efficacy and both strategies reduced the risk of a recurrent UGI event as compared to historical controls. Aspirin is an independent risk factor for UGI tract injury, even at the low doses used for cardiovascular prophylaxis. While a tremendous amount of research supports the use of preventative therapies and interventions to reduce and /or avoid NSAID- or aspirin-associated ulcers and ulcer complications in the UGI tract, these strategies are often times under-utilized, sub- optimally dosed, and/or are associated with poor patient compliance. This reinforces the need for continued clinician and patient education to improve our outcomes of care.
Interaction between Lexical Base and Ontology with Formal Concept Analysis

An ontology describes conceptual knowledge in a specific domain. A lexical base collects a repository of words and gives independent definition of concepts. In this paper, we propose to use FCA as a tool to help constructing an ontology through an existing lexical base. We mainly address two issues. The first issue is how to select attributes to visualize the relations between lexical terms. The second issue is how to revise lexical definitions through analysing the relations in the ontology. Thus the focus is on the effect of interaction between a lexical base and an ontology for the purpose of good ontology construction. Finally, experiments have been conducted to verify our ideas.
Frame Semantic Tree Kernels for Social Network Extraction from Text

In this paper, we present work on extracting social networks from unstructured text. We introduce novel features derived from semantic annotations based on FrameNet. We also introduce novel semantic tree kernels that help us improve the performance of the best reported system on social event detection and classification by a statistically significant margin. We show results for combining the models for the two aforementioned subtasks into the overall task of social network extraction. We show that a combination of features from all three levels of abstractions (lexical, syntactic and semantic) are required to achieve the best performing system.
THE HIGH ALBEDO OF THE HOT JUPITER KEPLER-7 b

Hot Jupiters are expected to be dark from both observations (albedo upper limits) and theory (alkali metals and/or TiO and VO absorption). However, only a handful of hot Jupiters have been observed with high enough photometric precision at visible wavelengths to investigate these expectations. The NASA Kepler mission provides a means to widen the sample and to assess the extent to which hot Jupiter albedos are low. We present a global analysis of Kepler-7 b based on Q0–Q4 data, published radial velocities, and asteroseismology constraints. We measure an occultation depth in the Kepler bandpass of 44 ± 5 ppm. If directly related to the albedo, this translates to a Kepler geometric albedo of 0.32 ± 0.03, the most precise value measured so far for an exoplanet. We also characterize the planetary orbital phase light curve with an amplitude of 42 ± 4 ppm. Using atmospheric models, we find it unlikely that the high albedo is due to a dominant thermal component and propose two solutions to explain the observed planetary flux. First, we interpret the Kepler-7 b albedo as resulting from an excess reflection over what can be explained solely by Rayleigh scattering, along with a nominal thermal component. This excess reflection might indicate the presence of a cloud or haze layer in the atmosphere, motivating new modeling and observational efforts. Alternatively, the albedo can be explained by Rayleigh scattering alone if Na and K are depleted in the atmosphere by a factor of 10–100 below solar abundances.
Control by fibroblast growth factor of differentiation in the BC3H1 muscle cell line

The regulation of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) expression by polypeptide growth factors has been examined in the clonal mouse muscle BC3H1 cell line. After arrest of cell growth by exposure to low concentrations of serum, BC3H1 cells accumulate high levels of muscle- specific proteins including CPK. The induction of this enzyme is reversible in the presence of high concentrations of fetal calf serum, which cause quiescent, differentiated cells to reenter the cell cycle. Under these conditions, the rate of CPK synthesis is drastically reduced. We show in the present communication that either pituitary- derived fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or brain-derived FGF are as effective as serum in repressing the synthesis of CPK when added to quiescent, differentiated cells. The decrease in the rate of synthesis of CPK occurs within 22 h after the addition of pituitary FGF to the cells. Pituitary FGF had very little effect, if any, on the rate CPK degradation. The overall rate of protein synthesis and the pattern of synthesis of the major polypeptides made by these cells was not altered by the addition of FGF. Although pituitary FGF was mitogenic for BC3H1 cells, the rate of cell growth was not absolutely correlated with the extent of repression of CPK. Brain-derived FGF fully repressed CPK induction under conditions where it showed no significant mitogenic activity. These results show that the expression of a muscle-specific protein, CPK, can be controlled by a single defined polypeptide growth factor in fully differentiated cultures, and that initiation of cell division is not required for their regulation to take place.
Identifying Emotion from Natural Walking

Emotion identification from gait aims to automatically determine persons affective state, it has attracted a great deal of interests and offered immense potential value in action tendency, health care, psychological detection and human-computer(robot) interaction.In this paper, we propose a new method of identifying emotion from natural walking, and analyze the relevance between the traits of walking and affective states. After obtaining the pure acceleration data of wrist and ankle, we set a moving average filter window with different sizes w, then extract 114 features including time-domain, frequency-domain, power and distribution features from each data slice, and run principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce dimension. In experiments, we train SVM, Decision Tree, multilayerperception, Random Tree and Random Forest classification models, and compare the classification accuracy on data of wrist and ankle with respect to different w. The performance of emotion identification on acceleration data of ankle is better than wrist.Comparing different classification models' results, SVM has best accuracy of identifying anger and happy could achieve 90:31% and 89:76% respectively, and identification ratio of anger-happy is 87:10%. The anger-neutral-happy classification reaches 85%-78%-78%. The results show that it is capable of identifying personal emotional states through the gait of walking.
Characterization of the inner enamel epithelium in the enamel-free area based on the ability to secrete enamel protein demonstrated by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry.

Both the expression of amelogenin mRNA and secretion of amelogenin were investigated in rat molars by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Probes were designed by multiple-labeling of oligonucleotide probes for in situ hybridization. Amelogenin mRNA first appeared in differentiating ameloblasts of the distal region and some inner enamel epithelial cells of enamel-free area (EFA cells) of the second cusp at postnatal day 0. At the same time, amelogenin protein was detected in the extracellular matrix between dentin and differentiating ameloblasts and in some EFA cells of the second cusp. At postnatal day 1-3, amelogenin was expressed in the secretory ameloblasts, and in the matrix beneath these cells. Both amelogenin mRNA and amelogenin were detected in the EFA cells and their extracellular matrix. After postnatal day 5, amelogenin mRNA and amelogenin were detected in the secretory ameoloblasts and extracellular matrix in the enamel-forming region, respectively. At this time, amelogenin mRNA was not detected in the EFA cells, but a small amount of amelogenin was found in the matrix beneath the EFA cells. These findings suggest that EFA cells differentiate into amelogenin-secreting cells, i.e. ameloblasts, but that the secretion lasts for only a short period at the early stage of tooth development.
A comparison of techniques for robust gender recognition

Automatic gender classification of face images is an area of growing interest with multiple applications. Appropriate classifiers should be robust against variations such as illumination, scale and orientation that occur in real world applications. This can be achieved by normalizing the images in order to reduce those variations (alignment, re-scaling, histogram-equalization, etc.), or by extracting features from the original images which are invariant respect to those variations. In this work we perform a robust comparison of eight different classifiers across 100 random partitions of a set of frontal face images. Four of them are state-of-the-art methods in automatic gender classification that use image normalization (SVMs, Neural Networks, ADABOOST and PCA+LDA). The other four strategies use invariant features extracted by SIFT (BOW, Evidence Random Trees, NBNN and Voted Nearest-Neighbor). The best strategies are SVM using normalized images and NBNN, the latter having the advantage that no strong image pre-processing is needed.
Does malaria suffer from lack of memory?

Summary: It is widely perceived that immunity to malaria is, to an extent, defective and that one component of this defective immune response is the inability to induce or maintain long‐term memory responses. If true, this is likely to pose problems for development of an effective vaccine against malaria. In this article, we critically review and challenge this interpretation of the epidemiological and experimental evidence. While evasion and modulation of host immune responses clearly occurs and naturally acquired immunity is far from optimal, mechanisms to control blood‐stage parasites are acquired and maintained by individuals living in endemic areas, allowing parasite density to be kept below the threshold for induction of acute disease. Furthermore, protective immunity to severe pathology is achieved relatively rapidly and is maintained in the absence of boosting by re‐infection. Nevertheless, there are significant challenges to overcome. The need for multiple infections to acquire immunity means that young children remain at risk of infection for far too long. Persistent or frequent exposure to antigen seems to be required to maintain anti‐parasite immunity (premunition). Lastly, pre‐erythrocytic and sexual stages of the life cycle are poorly immunogenic, and there is little evidence of effective pre‐erythrocytic or transmission‐blocking immunity at the population level. While these problems might theoretically be due to defective immunological memory, we suggest alternative explanations. Moreover, we question the extent to which these problems are malaria‐specific rather than generic (i.e. result from inherent limitations of the vertebrate immune system).
Age-related increase of baseline frequencies of sister chromatid exchanges, chromosome aberrations, and micronuclei in human lymphocytes.

Intra- and interindividual variations of baseline frequencies of cytogenetic end points in lymphocytes of human populations have been reported by various authors. Personal characteristics seem to account for a significant proportion of this variability. Several studies investigating the role of age as a confounding factor in cytogenetic biomonitoring found an age-related increase of micronucleus (MN) frequency, whereas contradictory results were reported for chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs). We have quantitatively evaluated the effect of age on SCE, CA, and MN through the analysis of a population sample that included data from several biomonitoring studies performed over the last few decades in 12 Italian laboratories. The large size of the data set, i.e., more than 2000 tests for each end point, allowed us to estimate the independent effect of age, taking into account other covariates, such as sex, smoking habits, occupational exposure, and inter- and intralaboratory variability. A greater frequency of the mean standardized values by increasing of age was observed for all of the end points. A leveling off was evident in the last age classes in the trend of MN frequencies. Frequency ratios (FRs), which express the increase of the cytogenetic damage with respect to the first age classes, i.e., 1-19 years, were estimated using Poisson regression analysis after adjustment for the potential confounding factors and confirmed the increasing trend by age class for all three end points. The most dramatic increase was observed for MN, with a FR that approaches the value of 2 at the age class 50-59 (FR, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.43-2.71) and remains substantially unchanged thereafter. The trend of FRs for CA is more homogeneous, with a constant rise even in the older classes, whereas the frequency of SCE increases with age to a lesser extent, reaching a plateau in the age class 40-49 and the maximum value of FR in the age class over 70 (FR, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.23). In conclusion, our results point to an age-related increase of the chromosome damage in lymphocytes and emphasize the need to take into account the potential confounding effect of this variable in the design of biomonitoring studies based on chromosome damage.
Genes Do Not Play a Role in Abnormal Cell Cycle Regulation in Breast Cancers Lacking p 53 Mutations 1

Seventy-five to 80% of breast cancers are negative for p53 gene mutations. We have investigated the possibility that altered WAFJ genes provide an alternative mode of cell cycle disruption in these tumors. DNA from a total of 85 primary breast tumors and cell lines from both the United States and Australia were examined for WAFJ and p53 mutations. With the exception of one primary tumor contaming the polymorphic codon 31 (AGC-*AGA), no missense mutations in the WAFJ gene were found in 33 primary tumors or in the 19 cell lines from the United States. By contrast, 2 of 33 tumors from Australia contained tumorspecific missense mutations in the WAFJ gene, while an additional six cases contained the AGC-AGA polymorphic 31st codon in the WAFJ gene. The p53 mutation frequency in the Australian cohort (18%) was found to be similar to that reported by us (Glebov et aL, Cancer Res., 54: 37033709, 1994; Runnebaum et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88: 10657-10661, 1991) in the tumors of United States patients (13%) with sporadic breast cancer. Thus, mutations in the WAFJ gene are rare in tumors with or without p5.3 mutations, suggesting that except in a minor population of breast cancer patients of Caucasian origin, cell cycle dysregulation by mutated p53 or WAFJ genes may not contribute to breast tumor initiation or progression.
Local Antiglycan Antibody Responses to Skin Stage and Migratory Schistosomula of Schistosoma japonicum

ABSTRACT Schistosomiasis is a tropical disease affecting over 230 million people worldwide. Although effective drug treatment is available, reinfections are common, and development of immunity is slow. Most antibodies raised during schistosome infection are directed against glycans, some of which are thought to be protective. Developing schistosomula are considered most vulnerable to immune attack, and better understanding of local antibody responses raised against glycans expressed by this life stage might reveal possible glycan vaccine candidates for future vaccine research. We used antibody-secreting cell (ASC) probes to characterize local antiglycan antibody responses against migrating Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula in different tissues of rats. Analysis by shotgun Schistosoma glycan microarray resulted in the identification of antiglycan antibody response patterns that reflected the migratory pathway of schistosomula. Antibodies raised by skin lymph node (LN) ASC probes mainly targeted N-glycans with terminal mannose residues, Galβ1-4GlcNAc (LacNAc) and Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc (LeX). Also, responses to antigenic and schistosome-specific glycosphingolipid (GSL) glycans containing highly fucosylated GalNAcβ1-4(GlcNAcβ1) n stretches that are believed to be present at the parasite's surface constitutively upon transformation were found. Antibody targets recognized by lung LN ASC probes were mainly N-glycans presenting GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc (LDN) and GlcNAc motifs. Surprisingly, antibodies against highly antigenic multifucosylated motifs of GSL glycans were not observed in lung LN ASC probes, indicating that these antigens are not expressed in lung stage schistosomula or are not appropriately exposed to induce immune responses locally. The local antiglycan responses observed in this study highlight the stage- and tissue-specific expression of antigenic parasite glycans and provide insights into glycan targets possibly involved in resistance to S. japonicum infection.
A Distinct Structure inside the Galactic Bar

We present the result of a near-infrared (JHKs) survey along the Galactic plane, -10. °5 ≤ l ≤ 10. °5 and b = +1°, with the IRSF 1.4 m telescope and the SIRIUS camera. Ks versus H - Ks color-magnitude diagrams reveal a well-defined population of red clump stars whose apparent magnitude peak changes continuously along the Galactic plane, from Ks = 13.4 at l = -10° to Ks = 12.2 at l = 10° after dereddening. This variation can be explained by the barlike structure found in previous studies, but we find an additional inner structure at ∣ l ∣ ≲ 4°, where the longitude-apparent magnitude relation is distinct from the outer bar and where the apparent magnitude peak changes by only ≈0.1 mag over the central 8°. The exact nature of this inner structure is as yet uncertain.
Settling time of mesochronous clock re-timing circuits in the presence of timing jitter

It is well known that timing jitter can degrade the bit error rate (BER) of receivers that recover clock information from the input data. In this paper, we show that timing jitter can also result in an indefinite increase in the settling time of clock recovery circuits, particularly in low swing mesochronous systems. Mesochronous clock retiming circuits are used to recover a clock of the correct phase from a clock of the correct frequency. Such receivers are required for repeaterless on-chip interconnects and in off-chip interconnects that use a forwarded clock. We first show how timing jitter can result in large increase in the settling time of the clock recovery circuit. Next, we model the circuit as a Markov chain with absorbing states. Here, the mean time of absorption of the Markov chain, which represents the mean settling time of the circuit, is determined. The model is validated by confirming its predictions with behavioural simulations of the circuit. Using insights provided by the model, techniques for reducing the settling time are proposed and their efficacy is confirmed with circuit level simulations.
Nisin treatment for inactivation of Salmonella species and other gram-negative bacteria

Nisin, produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, has a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive bacteria and is generally recognized as safe in the United States for use in selected pasteurized cheese spreads to control the outgrowth and toxin production of Clostridium botulinum. This study evaluated the inhibitory activity of nisin in combination with a chelating agent, disodium EDTA, against several Salmonella species and other selected gram-negative bacteria. After a 1-h exposure to 50 micrograms of nisin per ml and 20 mM disodium EDTA at 37 degrees C, a 3.2- to 6.9-log-cycle reduction in population was observed with the species tested. Treatment with disodium EDTA or nisin alone produced no significant inhibition (less than 1-log-cycle reduction) of the Salmonella and other gram-negative species tested. These results demonstrated that nisin is bactericidal to Salmonella species and that the observed inactivation can be demonstrated in other gram-negative bacteria. Applications involving the simultaneous treatment with nisin and chelating agents that alter the outer membrane may be of value in controlling food-borne salmonellae and other gram-negative bacteria.