Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Missed opportunities: childhood learning disabilities as early indicators of risk among homeless adults with mental illness in Vancouver, British Columbia

Objectives It is well documented that early-learning problems and poor academic achievement adversely impact child development and a wide range of adult outcomes; however, these indicators have received scant attention among homeless adults. This study examines self-reported learning disabilities (LD) in childhood as predictors of duration of homelessness, mental and substance use disorders, physical health, and service utilisation in a sample of homeless adults with current mental illness. Design This study was conducted using the baseline sample from a randomised controlled trial (RCT). Setting Participants were sampled from the community in Vancouver, British Columbia. Participants The total sample included 497 adult participants who met criteria for absolute homelessness or precarious housing and a current mental disorder based on a structured diagnostic interview. Learning disabilities in childhood were assessed by asking adult participants whether they thought they had an LD in childhood and if anyone had told them they had an LD. Only participants who responded positively to both questions (n=133) were included in the analyses. Outcome measures Primary outcomes include current mental disorders, substance use disorders, physical health, service utilisation and duration of homelessness. Results In multivariable regression models, self-reported LD during childhood independently predicted self-reported educational attainment and lifetime duration of homelessness as well as a range of mental health, physical health and substance use problems, but did not predict reported health or justice service utilisation. Conclusions Childhood learning problems are overrepresented among homeless adults with complex comorbidities and long histories of homelessness. Our findings are consistent with a growing body of literature indicating that adverse childhood events are potent risk factors for a number of adult health and psychiatric problems, including substance abuse. Trials registration number This trial has been registered with the International Standard Randomised Control Trial Number Register and assigned ISRCTN42520374.
Instrinsic oscillations of polymerizing antiparallel microtubules in a motor bath

We analyse the dynamics of overlapping antiparallel treadmilling microtubules in the presence of crosslinking processive motor proteins that counterbalance an external force. We show that coupling the force-dependent velocity of motors and the kinetics of motor exchange with a bath in the presence of treadmilling leads generically to oscillatory behavior. In addition we show that coupling the polymerization kinetics to the external force through the kinetics of the crosslinking motors can stabilize the oscillatory instability into finite-amplitude nonlinear oscillations and may lead to other scenarios, including bistability.
A Workflow Decomposition Algorithm Based on Invariants ∗

An efficient decomposition algorithm for a workflow model based on Petri net invariants is presented in this paper. The algorithm is a new kind of simplification strategy that decomposes a complex and sound Workflow net (WF-net) to a class of simple subnets that are able to describe the business cases. The existence of T-invariants and the coverage sets of WF-net transitions are analyzed and verified in detail. The advantages of the algorithm include its complexity, and avoidance of state space explosion. It can overcome the shortage of the methods based on a depth traversal algorithm. Furthermore, it is readily comprehensible, and can be extended easily to allow parallel processing. The usability of the research results is illustrated by an example.
Genetic Characterization of the Influenza A Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus Isolates from India

Background The Influenza A pandemic H1N1 2009 (H1N1pdm) virus appeared in India in May 2009 and thereafter outbreaks with considerable morbidity and mortality have been reported from many parts of the country. Continuous monitoring of the genetic makeup of the virus is essential to understand its evolution within the country in relation to global diversification and to track the mutations that may affect the behavior of the virus. Methods H1N1pdm viruses were isolated from both recovered and fatal cases representing major cities and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of six concatenated whole genomes and the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of seven more isolates from May-September 2009 was performed with reference to 685 whole genomes of global isolates available as of November 24, 2009. Molecular characterization of all the 8 segments was carried out for known pathogenic markers. Results The first isolate of May 2009 belonged to clade 5. Although clade 7 was the dominant H1N1pdm lineage in India, both clades 6 and 7 were found to be co-circulating. The neuraminidase of all the Indian isolates possessed H275, the marker for sensitivity to the neuraminidase inhibitor Oseltamivir. Some of the mutations in HA are at or in the vicinity of antigenic sites and may therefore be of possible antigenic significance. Among these a D222G mutation in the HA receptor binding domain was found in two of the eight Indian isolates obtained from fatal cases. Conclusions The majority of the 13 Indian isolates grouped in the globally most widely circulating H1N1pdm clade 7. Further, correlations of the mutations specific to clade 7 Indian isolates to viral fitness and adaptability in the country remains to be understood. The D222G mutation in HA from isolates of fatal cases needs to be studied for pathogenicity.
SURVEY ON VARIOUS UI DESIGN APPROACHES

User Interface (UI) is the prime factor that decides the usability of any products. Nowadays the developer must direct their effort towards the development of UI that function effortlessly . The research in UI design has gained a high attraction due to importance of interactive application and to enhance the user experience. Tremendous approaches are there to design effective UI. Each design approaches have their own special design aspects. In this paper an attempt has been made to review the research studies on various design approaches in the field of UI Design.
A C ] 3 A pr 2 00 6 Attached primes and Matlis duals of local cohomology modules

Let J be an ideal of a noetherian local ring R. We show new results on the set of attached primes AttR(H l J(R)) of a local cohomology module H l J(R). To prove our results we establish and use new relations between the set AttR(H l J(R)) of attached primes of a local cohomology module and the set AssR(D(H l J(R))) of associated primes of the Matlis dual of the same local cohomology module. The notions of attached primes and secondary decomposition of a module were developed by MacDonald [15]. Attached primes of local cohomology modules have been studied by MacDonald and Sharp. They proved ([16, theorem 2.2]) AttR(H dim(M) m (M)) = {p ∈ AssR(M)| dim(R/p) = dimM} for every finite R-module M , where R is a noetherian local ring. Dibaei and Yassemi generalized ([5, theorem A]) this result to AttR(H dim(M) a (M)) = {p ∈ AssR(M)| cd(a, R/p) = dim(M)} for every finite R-module M and every ideal a of R. Besides reproving this result (we remark that our new proof of this result is conceptual to some degree), our main results are AttR(H n−1 J (R)) = {p ∈ Spec(R)| dim(R/p) = n− 1, √
When Gossip is Good: Distributed Probabilistic Inference for Detection of Slow Network Intrusions

Intrusion attempts due to self-propagating code are becoming an increasingly urgent problem, in part due to the homogeneous makeup of the internet. Recent advances in anomaly-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have made use of the quickly spreading nature of these attacks to identify them with high sensitivity and at low false positive (FP) rates. However, slowly propagating attacks are much more difficult to detect because they are cloaked under the veil of normal network traffic, yet can be just as dangerous due to their exponential spread pattern. We extend the idea of using collaborative IDSs to corroborate the likelihood of attack by imbuing end hosts with probabilistic graphical models and using random messaging to gossip state among peer detectors. We show that such a system is able to boost a weak anomaly detector D to detect an order-of-magnitude slower worm, at false positive rates less than a few per week, than would be possible using D alone at the end-host or on a network aggregation point. We show that this general architecture is scalable in the sense that a fixed absolute false positive rate can be achieved as the network size grows, spreads communication bandwidth uniformly throughout the network, and makes use of the increased computation power of a distributed system. We argue that using probabilistic models provides more robust detections than previous collaborative counting schemes and allows the system to account for heterogeneous detectors in a principled fashion.
LIKELIHOOD-FREE MODEL CRITICISM APPLIED TO STOCHASTIC MODELS OF PROTEIN NETWORK EVOLUTION

Various models of network evolution are used in systems biologywith little or no statistical justification. These may be described as generative as they are framed in terms of incremental network growth, node-by-node, on an abstract, discrete timeline, and neglect the actual history of the proteome. However, despite their simplicity the likelihood of an observed network is computationally difficult to calculate; thus goodness-of-fit and model criticism are difficult to perform and rarely attempted. Here, we provide a general Bayesian framework for model criticism and apply it to two real PIN data sets using different models of network evolution. Using novel statistical techniques appropriate for the analysis of generativemodels of network evolution with network data, our results support the view that (1) even in abstract terms network evolution cannot be understood as a process of repeated preferential attachment and that (2) a better appreciation of the various forms of measurement error and the reported data are essential to making inference of existing network data.
A Low Power 8-Bit Asynchronous SAR ADC Design Using Charge Scaling DAC

This paper instigates a "design of an 8-bit Asynchronous-Successive Approximation Register (ASAR) ADC (analog-to-digital converter) employing a Charge Scaling DAC (digital-to-analog converter)". The design itemizes the word asynchronous, which claims it to be independent of the external clock signal. The proposed design is composed of a Comparator, Charge Scaling DAC and a digital SAR logic block. The design was simulated using 180nm CMOS technology and operated on a single 1 V power supply which dissipated a power of 32. 419μW which is much lesser compared to the other existing architecture such as current scaling DAC and voltage scaling DAC.
Metrics For Attributed Graphs Based On The Maximal Similarity Common Subgraph

Two distance measures for attributed graphs are presented that are based on the maximal similarity common subgraph of two graphs. They are generalizations of two existing distance measures based on the maximal common subgraph. The new measures are superior to the well-known measures based on elementary edit transformations in that no particular edit operations (together with their costs) need to be defined. Moreover, they can deal not only with structural distortions, but also with perturbations of attributes. It is shown that the new distance measures are metrics.
Large Vessel Adventitial Vasculitis Characterizes Patients with Critical Lower Limb Ischemia with as Compared to without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Objectives Whether a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated vasculitis in-part accounts for occlusive large artery disease remains uncertain. We aimed to identify the histopathological features that characterize large vessel changes in HIV sero-positive as compared to sero-negative patients with critical lower limb ischemia (CLI). Materials and Methods Femoral arteries obtained from 10 HIV positive and 10 HIV negative black African male patients admitted to a single vascular unit with CLI requiring above knee amputation were subjected to histopathological assessment. None of the HIV positive patients were receiving antiretroviral therapy. Results As compared to HIV negative patients with CLI, HIV positive patients were younger (p<0.01) and had a lower prevalence of hypertension (10 vs 90%, p<0.005) and diabetes mellitus (0 vs 50%, p<0.05), but a similar proportion of patients previously or currently smoked (80 vs 60%). 90% of HIV positive patients, but no HIV negative patient had evidence of adventitial leukocytoclastic vasculitis of the vasa vasorum (p<0.0001). In addition, 70% of HIV positive, but no HIV negative patient had evidence of adventitial slit-like vessels. Whilst T-lymphocytes were noted in the adventitia in 80% of HIV positive patients, T-lymphocytes were noted only in the intima in HIV negative patients. The presence of femoral artery calcified multilayered fibro-atheroma was noted in 40% of HIV positive and 90% of HIV negative patients with CLI. Conclusions An adventitial vasculitis which characterizes large artery changes in CLI in HIV-infected as compared to non-infected patients, may contribute toward HIV-associated occlusive large artery disease.
Normative Data for Cortical Evoked Response Audiometry of a Heterogeneous Indian Population and Its Comparison with Behavioral Audiometry

Objective: The objective of the study is to establish normative values of cortical evoked response audiometry (CERA) in a heterogeneous Indian population and correlate CERA threshold with pure tone audiometric (PTA) threshold values. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 31 volunteers (n = 62) who had no otological or neurological complaints. Two study groups were formed; Group 1 with individuals from 20 to 40 years (mean age of 29.1 years) and Group 2 with individuals from 41 to 60 years (mean age of 46.2 years). The latencies and amplitudes of the waves of P1, N1, and P2 at threshold and 70 dBnHL were measured. Results: Twenty-nine participants (94% of the ears) had CERA threshold within 20 dB of true behavioral threshold with only 6% having a difference of >20 dB with their PTA thresholds. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) at 70 dB in amplitudes for waves P1, N1, and P2 at 2 kHz and additionally at 1 kHz for N1 between the two groups. Conclusion: Normative values for CERA in a heterogeneous Indian population at 70 dB nHL using tone burst stimulus was found to have an average latency of 46.5, 90.1, and 155.5 ms for P1, N1, and P2, respectively. The average amplitude of P1 at 70 dB nHL was 4.3 μV, N1, was 6.5 μV and P2 was 3.2 μV. Hearing threshold obtained with CERA gave a good indication of the actual behavioral hearing threshold of the normal controls, and the age of an individual had a significant effect on the values obtained during CERA testing with N1 being significantly larger at 1 kHz and 2 kHz in older adults when compared to young adults.
The Representation of the "Science" Construct in the Diagnostic manuals. An Exploratory Research on the Use of the Scientific Term in the ICD-10, in the DSM-5 and in the PDM

Disciplines and theoretical approaches are characterized by the research of a defined scientific status in order to legitimate them. To understand psychological phenomena in the heterogeneous field of clinical psychology, different linguistic expressions and scientific criteria can be found, as well as many pragmatic consequences. In this research we tried to explore the meanings related to the use of the term “scientific” in some diagnostic manuals: the icd-10, the dsm-5 and the pdm. The method used was that of perspicuous representation, i.e. a system of linguistic analysis aimed at identifying some symbolic units present in the manuals. The results allowed to highlight the meanings related to the different understandings of science and to advance some operative suggestions. In conclusion, it can be highlighted how the use of the construct “science” and the linguistic expressions related to it are very different in the three manuals investigated and refers to fields of meaning very different from each other. Finally, the importance of founding the construct “science” according to its own specific conceptual references is underlined.
Localizing Grasp Affordances in 3-D Points Clouds Using Taubin Quadric Fitting

Perception-for-grasping is a challenging problem in robotics. Inexpensive range sensors such as the Microsoft Kinect provide sensing capabilities that have given new life to the effort of developing robust and accurate perception methods for robot grasping. This paper proposes a new approach to localizing enveloping grasp affordances in 3-D point clouds efficiently. The approach is based on modeling enveloping grasp affordances as a cylindrical shells that corresponds to the geometry of the robot hand. A fast and accurate fitting method for quadratic surfaces is the core of our approach. An evaluation on a set of cluttered environments shows high precision and recall statistics. Our results also show that the approach compares favorably with some alternatives, and that it is efficient enough to be employed for robot grasping in real-time.
Metabolic Signatures of Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome and Protective Effects of Two Herbal Extracts in Rats Using GC/TOF MS

Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndrome (KDS-Yang), a typical condition in Chinese medicine, shares similar clinical signs of the glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome. To date, the underlying mechanism of KDS-Yang has been remained unclear, especially at the metabolic level. In this study, we report a metabolomic profiling study on a classical model of KDS-Yang in rats induced by hydrocortisone injection to characterize the metabolic transformation using gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. WKY1, a polysaccharide extract from Astragalus membranaceus and Lycium barbarum, and WKY2, an aqueous extract from a similar formula containing Astragalus membranaceus, Lycium barbarum, Morinda officinalis, Taraxacum mongolicum, and Cinnamomum cassia presl, were used separately for protective treatments of KDS-Yang. The changes of serum metabolic profiles indicated that significant alterations of key metabolic pathways in response to abrupt hydrocortisone perturbation, including decreased energy metabolism (lactic acid, acetylcarnitine), lipid metabolism (free fatty acids, 1-monolinoleoylglycerol, and cholesterol), gut microbiota metabolism (indole-3-propionic acid), biosynthesis of catecholamine (norepinephrine), and elevated alanine metabolism, were attenuated or normalized with different degrees by the pretreatment of WKY1 or WKY2, which is consistent with the observations in which the two herbal agents could ameliorate biochemical markers of serum cortisone, adrenocorticotropic (ACTH), and urine 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS).
Cellular robotic system (CEBOT) as one of the realization of self-organizing intelligent universal manipulator

The authors propose an optimal structure decision method which can determine cell type, arrangement, degree of freedom, and link length. It can be used for fixed-base and mobile-base manipulators, so that universal/modular manipulators can be made. Simulation results show the differences in evaluation for different candidates and tasks and also demonstrate that the structure decision method works efficiently. With respect to the software structure, optimal knowledge allocation is one of the most important issues for CEBOT. The authors propose a method of optimal knowledge allocation based on the amount of communication among cells. Communication among cells for the control proposed is described. <<ETX>>
Next Generation Data Warehouse Design with OLTP and OLAP Systems Sharing same Database

Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems have been using the traditional relational Database management system for many years. Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) system for analytical reporting is optimized to aggregate many records which involve more read operations. Hence to enhance the performance in OLAP systems various modeling options like star schema, extended star schema was implemented. But with the latest innovations in hardware technologies like availability of multi core dual processors, availability of 64 bit processors, decreasing cost of main memory and software technology innovations like In-Memory computing, Columnar storage and other with various other new features now there is less concern towards the performance degradation and performance optimization in a data warehouse system. If there is an option to use same database for the OLTP and OLAP systems then the business intelligence system can get the real time data for the analytical query reporting. This document presents the overview of the next generation data warehouse architecture which shares the database along with OLTP and discuss how it is going to use the in memory capability to apply real time analytics.
Title: Cancer Stem Cells and Brain Tumors

Besides the role that normal stem cells play in organogenesis, cancer stem cells are thought to be crucial for tumorigenesis. Most current research on human tumors is focused on the molecular and cellular analysis of the bulk tumor mass. However, evidence in leukemia and, more recently, in solid tumors suggests that the tumor cell population is heterogeneous. During the last years, several groups have described the existence of a cancer stem cell population in different brain tumors. These neural cancer stem cells (NCSC) can be isolated by cell sorting of dissociated suspensions of tumor cells for the neural stem cell marker CD133. These CD133 cells, which also express nestin, an intermediate filament that is another neural stem cell marker, represent a minority fraction of the entire brain tumor population. The stem-like cancer cells appear to be solely responsible for propagating the disease in laboratory models. A promising new approach to treat glioblastoma proposes targeting cancer stem cells. Here, we summarize progress in delineating NCSC and the implications of the discovery of this cell population in human brain tumors.
A Concept of Vector Clock Utilization in an Iterative Tracing Approach for Distributed Embedded Systems

Tracing is an inevitable concept for assessing system behavior and optimizing resource utilization in parallel embedded real-time architectures. In the last decades, tracing and trace-recording analysis gained increasing importance due to more complex, computation intense and especially parallel applications spread across a variety of domains. Safety requirements, load balancing, effective memory utilization, product line engineering, heterogeneous targets or demands of common standards are just some of the occurring challenges. Our work addresses iterative system augmentation among models, performance-optimizing features and tracing in order to increase system performance and allow advanced analysis processes. Along with this automatic approach, development results benefit from lower costs and efforts, optimized parallelization, more effective resource utilization and reduced time-to-markets. By replacing a chain of different tools and corresponding manual data transformation and data adaptation with our iterative and comprehensive concept, we provide an advanced, integrated and highly adaptable solution for embedded system development. Furthermore, we illustrate the utilization of vector clocks instead of timestamps for process synchronization and trace analysis. Causal order determination as well as constraint derivation are described among examples and benefits are outlined correspondingly.