Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Government Social Media Engagement and Health Perceptions During the COVID-19 Crisis: A Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Government social media (GSM) accounts were increasingly used by governments worldwide to support strategic crisis communication efforts during the global COVID-19 pandemic, particularly to influence people’s perceptions and behaviors. However, little is known about the potential connections between users’ engagement on GSM platforms and their own health perceptions regarding COVID-19 and related preventive behaviors. Adopting an interdisciplinary perspective and drawing on the Health Belief Model (HBM), the present study employed a survey research method to collect data from 2,163 Facebook followers of the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) in Lebanon. The collected data was subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate Pearson’s correlation tests. The findings reveal a significant association between active information-seeking on the MoPH Facebook page and all HBM constructs (perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, and barriers), while passive exposure was associated with three of these constructs. GSM participation, including liking, commenting, and sharing, was significantly associated with perceived severity and benefits. These novel insights represent an initial step towards a deeper understanding of the purposeful and influential use of GSM during health crises. Theoretical contributions and policy implications are discussed in detail.
Clast assemblages of possible deep-seated /77517/ and immiscible-melt /77538/ origins in Apollo 17 breccias

Breccia samples 77517 and 77538 are composed of abundant mineral and lithic clasts set in porous, poorly sintered matrices. Clast assemblages in the two rocks are of contrasting composition and origin. Breccia 77517 has Mg-rich olivine and pyroxene and calcic plagioclase clasts, indicating limited, almost exclusively ANT-suite parentage. A significant feature is the presence of an assemblage (aluminous enstatite, forsterite, anorthite, aluminous spinel) corresponding to spinel cataclasite, a rock type of deep-seated (about 60 km) crustal origin. Breccia 77538 contains Fe-rich pyroxene and rather sodic plagioclase clasts, indicative of predominantly KREEP and/or mare derivation. An important feature is the occurrence of high-K and high-Fe lithic clasts whose compositions resemble those of immiscible-melts produced during late-stage magmatic crystallization, and which probably originated via silicate liquid immiscibility in a KREEP or mare basalt magma. Both rocks contain numerous fine-grained breccia clasts which represent material that has been modified by impact processes at or very near the moon's surface.
Wavelet-based target detection using multiscale directional analysis

Efficient processing of imagery derived from remote sensing systems has become ever more important due to increasing data sizes, rates, and bit depths. This paper proposes a target detection method that uses a special class of wavelets based on highly frequency-selective directional filter banks. The approach helps isolate object features in different directional filter output components. These components lend themselves well to the application of powerful denoising and edge detection procedures in the wavelet domain. Edge information is derived from directional wavelet decompositions to detect targets of known dimension in electro optical imagery. Results of successful detection of objects using the proposed method are presented in the paper. The approach highlights many of the benefits of working with directional wavelet analysis for image denoising and detection.
Hyperspectral Imaging and Selected Biological Control Agents for the Management of Fusarium Head Blight in Spring Wheat

Fusarium spp. are important pathogens on cereals, capable of causing considerable yield losses and significantly reducing the quality of harvested grains due to contamination with mycotoxins. The European Union intends to reduce the use of chemical-synthetic plant protection products (csPPP) by up to 50% by the year 2030. To realize this endeavor without significant economic losses for farmers, it is crucial to have both precise early detection of pathogens and effective alternatives for csPPP. To investigate both the early detection of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and the efficacy of selected biological control agents (BCAs), a pot experiment with spring wheat (cv. ‘Servus’) was conducted under semi-field conditions. Spikes were sprayed with different BCAs prior to inoculation with a mixture of F. graminearum and F. culmorum conidia. While early detection of FHB was investigated by hyperspectral imaging (HSI), the efficiency of the fungal (Trichoderma sp. T10, T. harzianum T16, T. asperellum T23 and Clonostachys rosea CRP1104) and bacterial (Bacillus subtilis HG77 and Pseudomonas fluorescens G308) BCAs was assessed by visual monitoring. Evaluation of the hyperspectral images using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) resulted in a pathogen detection nine days post inoculation (dpi) with the pathogen, and thus four days before the first symptoms could be visually detected. Furthermore, support vector machines (SVM) and a combination of LDA and distance classifier (DC) were also able to detect FHB symptoms earlier than manual rating. Scoring the spikes at 13 and 17 dpi with the pathogen showed no significant differences in the FHB incidence among the treatments. Nevertheless, there is a trend suggesting that all BCAs exhibit a diminishing effect against FHB, with fungal isolates demonstrating greater efficacy compared to bacterial ones.
Neural dynamics of visual processes in challenging visibility conditions

In our daily visual experience, our brain effortlessly categorizes countless objects, enabling us to perceive and interpret the world around us. This core object recognition process is vital for our survival and adaptive behavior, allowing us to recognize objects despite variations in appearance. The incredible speed at which we accomplish this task is a testament to the efficiency of our visual system and the significance of visual processing is evident in the allocation of nearly half of the neocortex in primates to this function. Unraveling the intricacies of how the human visual system tackles this complex challenge has long been a goal in visual neuroscience. Researchers have explored the mechanisms underlying object recognition and the role of the neocortex, employing various studies and experiments. But how does our brain recognize objects in challenging visual conditions? In our study, we conducted a visual experiment to examine participants’ ability to recognize a target amidst a rapid series of images, creating a challenging visibility condition. Our findings revealed a noteworthy distinction in the processing of seen (visible) and unseen (invisible) stimuli. Specifically, we observed a significant divergence in processing occurring later in the timeline, ∼170 milliseconds after the target onset, while no significant differences were detected during the initial stages of processing. These results suggest that early processing stages exhibit similar characteristics for both visible and invisible stimuli, indicative of feedforward processing. Feedforward processing involves the transmission of information from lower to higher levels within the visual hierarchy. However, our findings highlight the importance of late recurrent processes, which involve the transmission of information within the same area or from higher to lower levels of the visual hierarchy. The substantial disparity observed in the later stages of processing indicates that these recurrent processes play a crucial role in visibility under challenging conditions.
Effect of Blood Viscosity Variation on the Flow of Blood in an Artery Having Time Dependent Stenosis

The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of blood viscosity variation on the flow of blood in a diseased artery having time-dependent stenosis. The viscosity of blood is axial co-ordinate dependent so that the viscosity of the blood increases up to the highest point of stenosis in the whole artery after which it decreases. Analytical methods have been used to explore the problem. The equations of volumetric rate of flow, resistance to flow, wall shear stress, and axial velocity have been obtained. It is noticed that as stenosis height increases, the resistance to flow and the wall shear stress increases. Also, investigation has been done to investigate how the wall sheer stress and flow resistance vary with different time-related parameters and varying viscosity index values.
Coseismic Deformation of Chi-Chi Earthquake as Detected by Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry and GPS Data

A rupture in the Chelungpu fault caused an Mw 7.6 earthquake on 21 September 1999 near Chi-Chi in central Taiwan. This earthquake was the most destructive experienced in Taiwan for the past century along this fault. In this study, we examined the earthquake-induced surface deformation pattern using differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (D-InSAR) combined with global positioning system (GPS) data regarding the footwall of the Chelungpu fault. Six synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scenes, approximately 100×100 km each, recorded by the European Remote Sensing Satellite 2 (ERS-2), spanning the rupture area, were selected for study. The data were used to generate a high-resolution, wide-area map of displacements in flat or semi-flat areas. Interferograms show radar line contours indicating line-of-sight (LOS) changes corresponding to surface displacements caused by earthquake ruptures. These results were compared to synthetic interferograms generated from GPS data. Displacements shown by GPS data were interpolated onto wide-area maps and transformed to coincide with the radar LOS direction. The resulting coseismic displacement contour map showed a lobed pattern consistent with the precise GPS based displacement field. Highly accurate vertical displacement was determined using D-InSAR data using the coordinate transform method, while GPS data was effective in showing the horizontal component. Thus, this study confirmed the effectiveness of the D-InSAR method for determining the coseismic deformation caused by the Chi-Chi earthquake at the footwall of the Chelungpu fault.
Buddhism and Vipassana Meditation: A Scientific Method for Mental and Social Growth in the Modern Age

Vipassana meditation, discovered by Buddha approximately 2500 years ago, is one of the oldest meditation techniques in India. This meditation technique is a non-denominational scientific technique of self-transformation through self-observation in society. This leads human society to a progressive and better insight and a positive health 1appearance. Vipassana meditation is a moral and social path that sees and develops humans from within nature through the outline of their mind and body. Hence, the main objective of this study is to examine the effect of Vipassana meditation on mental health as well as to determine how its practice leads to the social development of society. Consequently, how is it beneficial to society and how does this meditation technique affect mental and physical health in society? Hence it can be said that through the practice of this meditation technique, a powerful and peaceful message can be delivered to the human mind. This paper shows that Vipassana meditation provides a variety of physical and mental benefits that greatly improve human well-being. These benefits include decreased stress, improved immune system function, decreased blood pressure and heart rate, increased sleep quality, and decreased chronic pain. Thus, the practice of Vipassana meditation has the potential to bring about profound transformative changes in human life.
Effect of Germinated Sorghum Extract on the Physical and Thermal Properties of Pre-Gelatinized Cereals, Sweet Potato and Beans Starches

Starches from different botanical sources are affected in the presence of enzymes. This study investigated the impact of α-amylase on several properties of pre-gelatinized starches derived from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), and sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.). Specifically, the water holding capacity, freezable water content, sugar content, and water sorption isotherm (adsorption and desorption) properties were examined. The source of α-amylase utilized in this study was a germinated sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) extract (GSE). The starch samples were subjected to annealing at temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 °C for durations of either 30 or 60 min prior to the process of gelatinization. A significant increase in the annealing temperature and GSE resulted in a notable enhancement in both the water-holding capacity and the sugar content of the starch. The ordering of starches in terms of their freezable water content is as follows: Chickpea starch (C.P.S) > white beans starch (W.B.S) > wheat starch (W.S) > chickpea starch (C.S) > sweet potato starch (S.P.S). The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) model was only employed for fitting the data, as the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) model had a low root mean square error (RMSE). The application of annealing and GSE treatment resulted in a shift of the adsorption and desorption isotherms towards greater levels of moisture content. A strong hysteresis was found in the adsorption and desorption curves, notably within the water activity range of 0.6 to 0.8. The GSE treatment and longer annealing time had an impact on the monolayer water content (mo), as well as the C and K parameters of the GAB model, irrespective of the annealing temperature. These results can be used to evaluate the applicability of starch in the pharmaceutical and food sectors.
Apparent water resistivity, porosity, and water temperature of the Madison Limestone and underlying rocks in parts of Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming

Dl Introduction 1 Analysis of borehole geophysical data 5 Results of analysis 8 Red River Formation (Ordovician) 9 Apparent water resistivity 9 Porosity and rock type 9 Temperature of water 10 Thermal gradient . __. ___. ______. _ 10 Interlake Formation (Uppermost Ordovician and Silurian). 11 Apparent water resistivity _______________. ' 11 Porosity 11 Temperature of water 11 Duperow Formation (Upper Devonian) 12 Apparent water resistivity 12 Page Results of analysis Continued Duperow Formation (Upper Devonian) Continued Porosity and rock type -- _. 12 Temperature of water 12 Birdbear Formation (Upper Devonian) 12 Apparent water resistivity 12 Porosity and rock type . _. __. __. _. __. 12 Temperature of water - _ 12 Madison Limestone interval M-7 to M-8.5 (Mississippian) 13 Apparent water resistivity 13 Porosity -_. __. ___. __. __. ___. _ 13 Temperature of water _. 13 Summary and conclusions 13 References ----. ____. ___. _. _. _. _. ____. 14
How Did COVID-19 Affect Mental Health and Access to Care in Persons With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract The coronavirus disease pandemic globally affected public health and the world economy, leading to an increase in mental health symptoms, thought to be due in part to periods of quarantining, restrictions, and other interventions used to curb ongoing transmission of the virus. It is well established that persons with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have significantly higher rates of depression and anxiety than the general population and that mental health symptoms can exacerbate disease severity. For persons with IBD, psychological distress was correlated with challenges in accessing medical care. In the early stages of the pandemic, endoscopy suites were closed, leading to fewer colonoscopies, although this rebounded the following year. This likely led to fewer diagnoses of IBD initially as people avoided the health care system, and also a reduction in IBD-related dysplasia being detected during colonoscopy. Many hospitals and health care clinics adjusted by delivering telemedicine for ambulatory care. Persons with IBD had increased stress about accessing both their health care provider and gastroenterologist during the pandemic, although many had increased satisfaction with the level of care they received virtually. Telemedicine is now being used in most clinics in conjunction with in-person care, to help deliver care, and can be cost-effective. Additional research is needed to assess whether heightened levels of mental health symptoms have led to worsening disease activity, and further, if a delay in health care access including colonoscopies and surgeries, or the perceived decreased access to health care professionals for some will have detrimentally affected the disease course for persons with IBD.
Lung Organotypic Slices Enable Rapid Quantification of Acute Radiotherapy Induced Toxicity

To rapidly assess healthy tissue toxicities induced by new anti-cancer therapies (i.e., radiation alone or in combination with drugs), there is a critical need for relevant and easy-to-use models. Consistent with the ethical desire to reduce the use of animals in medical research, we propose to monitor lung toxicity using an ex vivo model. Briefly, freshly prepared organotypic lung slices from mice were irradiated, with or without being previously exposed to chemotherapy, and treatment toxicity was evaluated by analysis of cell division and viability of the slices. When exposed to different doses of radiation, this ex vivo model showed a dose-dependent decrease in cell division and viability. Interestingly, monitoring cell division was sensitive enough to detect a sparing effect induced by FLASH radiotherapy as well as the effect of combined treatment. Altogether, the organotypic lung slices can be used as a screening platform to rapidly determine in a quantitative manner the level of lung toxicity induced by different treatments alone or in combination with chemotherapy while drastically reducing the number of animals. Translated to human lung samples, this ex vivo assay could serve as an innovative method to investigate patients’ sensitivity to radiation and drugs.
The Performance Analysis of Jalan Tengku Sulung in Botania, Batam Indonesia

Jalan Tengku Sulung in Botania is a secondary collector road with traffic density. The dense population causes the traffic density on Jalan Tengku Sulung in Botania in Botania, damage to road access, and parking activities on the road. For this reason, a study was conducted to analyze the level of road performance on Jalan Tengku Sulung in Botania. The method used in this study is a survey and data analysis method using IHCM 1997. The data used in this study is the primary data in the form of location conditions, road dimensions, number and speed of vehicles. Secondary Data is required in the form of map location, population data, and land use. Based on the analysis that has been done, the degree of saturation at the intersection is 1.43 with LOS F. In contrast, the results of road performance analysis obtained the highest volume of vehicles occurred at 06:45-07: 00 with a total of 600,6 pcu/hour. Saturation degree value 0.92 with LOS E.
Classification of snow cover and precipitation using the special sensor microwave imager

The special sensor microwave imager (SSMI) is a seven-channel microwave radiometer which has dual polarized channels at 19, 37, and 85 GHz and a vertically polarized channel at 22 GHz. A detailed evaluation of all SSMI channels is made in arriving at the optimum channel selection for the global identification of precipitation and snow cover without the use of any ancillary information. The resulting algorithm takes the form of a decision tree which uses the dual polarized channels at 19 GHz and the vertically polarized channels at 22 and 85 GHz. These four channels enable the identification of precipitation from all other atmospheric and surface features, including snow cover.
Active rifting, magmatism and volcanism in the Afar Depression, Ethiopia

The Afar Depression forms a topographic low in north-eastern Ethiopia at the triple junction of the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden and Main Ethiopian Rifts at the northern end of the East African Rift system. This setting is one of few locations where active continental breakup and the transition to oceanic crust can be observed on land and serves as a unique natural laboratory to understand the processes involved (Makris and Ginzburg. 1987). The margins of the Afar Depression are marked by the Ethiopian plateau to the west, Somali plateau to the southeast and Danakil Highlands to the northeast. Since the emplacement of the Ethiopian Trap Basalts ~ 31-29 Ma, the Arabian plate has been moving away from the Nubian plate to form the Red Sea (Ebinger et al., 1993; Hofmann et al., 1997; Wolfenden et al., 2005). The inland continuation of the Red Sea extension is displayed in en-echelon ~ 60 km-long discrete magmatic rift segments which are foci for volcanic and tectonic activity: Erta’Ale, Tat’Ale, Alayta and Dabbahu-Manda Hararo (Acocella et al., 2008; Ebinger and Casey, 2001; Hayward and Ebinger, 1996). The Dabbahu-Manda Hararo magmatic segment is the southernmost segment to display the north-west – south-east orientation of the Red Sea Rift in Afar and therefore marks the propagating tip of the Red Sea Rift
The Impact of Job Training on Recruitment and Employability Skills Among Graduates

Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the impact of job training on recruitment and employability skills among graduates by utilizing the self-perceived employability scale. Theoretical framework: the study is based on the evidence from the literature, we provide valuable insights through a literature review into the significance of job training for graduates in terms of recruitment and employability skills. Design/methodology/approach: This study used a sample of 190 graduate students who underwent job training with a specific company. Employability was measured by descriptive analysis using SPSS to assess questionnaire stability. The analysis also utilized Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through the Smart-PLS 4.0 program. Findings: The findings of this study indicated a positive and significant relationship between job training and employment within the same company. This suggests that graduates who received training courses in their final year showed increased interest and likelihood of obtaining employment within the training company. Additionally, a significantly positive impact was found of job training on employability, highlighting the contribution of job training to the development and enhancement of employability skills among graduates. Research, Practical & Social implications: The results of this study strengthen employability skills among graduates, which holds implications for graduates seeking employment and organizations designing training programs to improve recruitment outcomes and employability skills within a company. Originality/value: The research value of this study is that it can positively grow the management and business domain, it has beneficial effects on both employed and unemployed individuals, with a greater impact on increasing employment opportunities for the unemployed.