Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fermionic R-Operator and Algebraic Structure of 1D Hubbard Model: Its Application to Quantum Transfer Matrix

The algebraic structure of the 1D Hubbard model is studied by means of the fermionic R -operator approach. This approach treats the fermion models directly in the framework of the quantum inverse scattering method. Compared with the graded approach, this approach has several advantages. First, the global properties of the Hamiltonian are naturally reflected in the algebraic properties of the fermionic R -operator which is a local operator acting on fermion Fock spaces. In particular, S O (4) symmetry and the invariance under the partial particle-hole transformation are shown. Second, a genuinely fermionic quantum transfer matrix (QTM) can be constructed in terms of the fermionic R -operator. By use of the algebraic Bethe ansatz, the fermionic QTM is diagonalized and its properties are discussed.
Trends in Atmospheric Properties of Neptune-size Exoplanets

Precise atmospheric observations have been made for a growing sample of warm Neptunes. Here, we investigate the correlations between these observations and a large number of system parameters to show that, at 95% confidence, the amplitude of a warm Neptune’s spectral features in transmission correlates with either its equilibrium temperature (Teq) or its bulk H/He mass fraction (fHHe)—in addition to the standard scaling. These correlations could indicate either more optically thick, photochemically produced hazes at lower Teq and/or higher-metallicity atmospheres for planets with smaller radii and lower fHHe. We derive an analytic relation to estimate the observing time needed with JWST/NIRISS to confidently distinguish a nominal gas giant’s transmission spectrum from a flat line. Using this tool, we show that these possible atmospheric trends could reduce the number of expected TESS planets accessible to JWST spectroscopy by up to a factor of eight. Additional observations of a larger sample of planets are required to confirm these trends in atmospheric properties as a function of planet or system quantities. If these trends can be confidently identified, the community will be well-positioned to prioritize new targets for atmospheric study and eventually break the complex degeneracies between atmospheric chemistry, composition, and cloud properties.
Spectrum of the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process on a periodic lattice—bulk eigenvalues

We consider the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) on a periodic one-dimensional lattice of L sites. Using the Bethe ansatz, we derive parametric formulas for the eigenvalues of its generator in the thermodynamic limit. This allows us to study the curve delimiting the edge of the spectrum in the complex plane. A functional integration over the eigenstates leads to an expression for the density of eigenvalues in the bulk of the spectrum. The density vanishes with an exponent 2/5 close to the eigenvalue 0.
Very light jets - I. Axisymmetric parameter study and analytic approximation

M. Krause, 'Very light jets: I. Axysymmetric parameter study and analytic approximation', Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 398(1): 113-125, January 2003, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20021649. © ESO 2003
A uniform metallicity in the outskirts of massive, nearby galaxy clusters

Suzaku measurements of a homogeneous metal distribution of Z similar to 0.3 Solar in the outskirts of the nearby Perseus cluster suggest that chemical elements were deposited and mixed into the intergalactic medium before clusters formed, likely over 10 billion years ago. A key prediction of this early enrichment scenario is that the intracluster medium in all massive clusters should be uniformly enriched to a similar level. Here, we confirm this prediction by determining the iron abundances in the outskirts (r > 0.25r(200)) of a sample of 10 other nearby galaxy clusters observed with Suzaku for which robust measurements based on the Fe-K lines can be made. Across our sample, the iron abundances are consistent with a constant value, Z(Fe) = 0.316 +/- 0.012 Solar (chi(2) = 28.85 for 25 degrees of freedom). This is remarkably similar to the measurements for the Perseus cluster of Z(Fe) = 0.314 +/- 0.012 Solar, using the Solar abundance scale of Asplund et al.
Primordial magnetic fields from cosmological first order phase transitions

We give an improved estimate of primordial magnetic fields generated during cosmological first order phase transitions. We examine the charge distribution at the nucleated bubble wall and its dynamics. We consider instabilities on the bubble walls developing during the phase transition. It is found that damping of these instabilities due to viscosity and heat conductivity caused by particle diffusion can be important in the QCD phase transition, but is probably negligible in the electroweak transition. We show how such instabilities together with the surface charge densities on bubble walls excite magnetic fields within a certain range of wavelengths. We discuss how these magnetic seed fields may be amplified by magneto hydrodynamics effects in the turbulent fluid. The strength and spectrum of the primordial magnetic field at the present time for the cases where this mechanism was operative during the electroweak or the QCD phase transition are estimated. On a 10 Mpc comoving scale, field strengths of the order 10{sup {minus}29} G for electroweak and 10{sup {minus}20} G for QCD, could be attained for reasonable phase transition parameters. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
MeerKLASS: MeerKAT Large Area Synoptic Survey

We discuss the ground-breaking science that will be possible with a wide area survey, using the MeerKAT telescope, known as MeerKLASS (MeerKAT Large Area Synoptic Survey). The current specifications of MeerKAT make it a great fit for science applications that require large survey speeds but not necessarily high angular resolutions. In particular, for cosmology, a large survey over $\sim 4,000 \, {\rm deg}^2$ for $\sim 4,000$ hours will potentially provide the first ever measurements of the baryon acoustic oscillations using the 21cm intensity mapping technique, with enough accuracy to impose constraints on the nature of dark energy. The combination with multi-wavelength data will give unique additional information, such as exquisite constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity using the multi-tracer technique, as well as a better handle on foregrounds and systematics. Such a wide survey with MeerKAT is also a great match for HI galaxy studies, providing unrivalled statistics in the pre-SKA era for galaxies resolved in the HI emission line beyond local structures at z > 0.01. It will also produce a large continuum galaxy sample down to a depth of about 5\,$\mu$Jy in L-band, which is quite unique over such large areas and will allow studies of the large-scale structure of the Universe out to high redshifts, complementing the galaxy HI survey to form a transformational multi-wavelength approach to study galaxy dynamics and evolution. Finally, the same survey will supply unique information for a range of other science applications, including a large statistical investigation of galaxy clusters as well as produce a rotation measure map across a huge swathe of the sky. The MeerKLASS survey will be a crucial step on the road to using SKA1-MID for cosmological applications and other commensal surveys, as described in the top priority SKA key science projects (abridged).
Extended Gamma-Ray Emission from the G25.0+0.0 Region: A Star-forming Region Powered by the Newly Found OB Association?

We report a study of extended γ-ray emission with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, which is likely to be the second case of a γ-ray detection from a star-forming region (SFR) in our Galaxy. The LAT source is located in the G25 region, 1. °7 × 2. °1 around (l, b) = (25.°0, 0.°0). The γ-ray emission is found to be composed of two extended sources and one pointlike source. The extended sources have similar sizes of about 1. °4 × 0. °6. An ∼0. °4 diameter subregion of one has a photon index of Γ = 1.53 ± 0.15, and is spatially coincident with HESS J1837−069, likely a pulsar wind nebula. The other parts of the extended sources have a photon index of Γ = 2.1 ± 0.2 without significant spectral curvature. Given their spatial and spectral properties, they have no clear associations with sources at other wavelengths. Their γ-ray properties are similar to those of the Cygnus cocoon SFR, the only firmly established γ-ray detection of an SFR in the Galaxy. Indeed, we find bubble-like structures of atomic and molecular gas in G25, which may be created by a putative OB association/cluster. The γ-ray emitting regions appear confined in the bubble-like structure; similar properties are also found in the Cygnus cocoon. In addition, using observations with the XMM-Newton, we find a candidate young massive OB association/cluster G25.18+0.26 in the G25 region. We propose that the extended γ-ray emission in G25 is associated with an SFR driven by G25.18+0.26. Based on this scenario, we discuss possible acceleration processes in the SFR and compare them with the Cygnus cocoon.
Mitochondrial Factor C20orf7 Facilitates the EMT-Mediated Cancer Cell Migration and the Proliferation of Colon Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo

Colon cancer is a major malignant neoplasm with a low survival rate for late-stage patients. Therefore, the investigation of molecules regulating colon cancer progression and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets is critical. Mitochondria play a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of cells. Abnormal mitochondrial metabolism alterations and the induction of glycolysis can facilitate tumor growth; therefore, targeting mitochondrial molecules is suggested to be a promising strategy for cancer treatment. In this study, we investigated the role of this largely unknown mitochondrial factor, chromosome 20 open reading frame 7 (C20orf7), in colon cancer progression. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology was utilized for C20orf7 depletion, and functional assays were performed to examine the regulation of C20orf7 in colon cancer cells. We demonstrated that C20orf7 facilitates epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated cell migration and promotes the proliferation of colon cancer. The anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was also applied, and C20orf7 was targeted with a combination of 5FU treatment, which could further enhance the anti-cancer effect in the colon cancer cell line and the xenograft mice model. In summary, this study demonstrated, for the first time, that C20orf7 plays a promotional role in cancer tumorigenesis and could be a promising therapeutic target in colon cancer treatment.
Amenable L2-theoretic methods and knot concordance

We introduce new obstructions to topological knot concordance. These are obtained from amenable groups in Strebel's class, possibly with torsion, using a recently suggested $L^2$-theoretic method due to Orr and the author. Concerning $(h)$-solvable knots which are defined in terms of certain Whitney towers of height $h$ in bounding 4-manifolds, we use the obstructions to reveal new structure in the knot concordance group not detected by prior known invariants: for any $n>1$ there are $(n)$-solvable knots which are not $(n.5)$-solvable (and therefore not slice) but have vanishing Cochran-Orr-Teichner $L^2$-signature obstructions as well as Levine algebraic obstructions and Casson-Gordon invariants.
A Search for Radio Emission from Supernovae with Ages from about 1 Week to More than 80 Years

We report Very Large Array radio observations of 29 supernovae (SNe) with ages ranging from 10 days to about 90 yr past explosion. These observations significantly contribute to the existing data pool on such objects. Included are detections of known radio SNe 1950B, 1957D, 1970G, and 1983N, the suspected radio SN 1923A, and the possible radio SN 1961V. None of the remaining 23 observations resulted in detections, providing further evidence to support the observed trend that most SNe are not detectable radio emitters. To investigate the apparent lack of radio emission from the SNe reported here, we have followed standard practice and used Chevalier's "standard model" to derive (upper limits to) the mass-loss rates for the supernova progenitors. These upper limits to the fluxes are consistent with a lack of circumstellar material needed to provide detectable radio emission for SNe at these ages and distances. Comparison of the radio luminosities of these supernovae as a function of age past explosion to other well-observed radio SNe indicates that the Type II SNe upper limits are more consistent with the extrapolated light curves of SN 1980K than of SN 1979C, suggesting that SN 1980K may be a more typical radio emitter than SN 1979C. For completeness, we have included an appendix where the results of analyses of the non-SN radio sources are presented. Where possible, we make (tentative) identifications of these sources using various methods.
Energy Dependent Intensity Variation of the Persistent X-ray Emission of Magnetars Observed with Suzaku

Emission mechanism of the magnetars is still controversial while various observational and theoretical studies have been made. In order to investigate mechanisms of both the persistent X-ray emission and the burst emission of the magnetars, we have proposed a model that the persistent X-ray emission consists of numerous micro-bursts of various sizes. If this model is correct, intensity Root Mean Square (RMS) variations of the persistent emission exceed the values expected from the Poisson distribution. Using $Suzaku$ archive data of 11 magnetars (22 observations), the RMS intensity variations were calculated from 0.2 keV to 70 keV. As a result, we found significant excess RMS intensity variations from all the 11 magnetars. We suppose that numerous mircro-bursts constituting the persistent X-ray emission cause the observed variations, suggesting that the persistent X-ray emission and the burst emission have identical emission mechanisms. In addition, we found that the RMS intensity variations clearly increase toward higher energy bands for 4 magnetars (6 observations). The energy dependent RMS intensity variations imply that the soft thermal component and the hard X-ray component are emitted from different regions far apart from each other.
Higher Gauge Theory and M-Theory

In this thesis, the emerging field of higher gauge theory will be discussed, particularly in relation to problems arising in M-theory, such as selfdual strings and the so-called (2,0) theory. This thesis will begin with a Nahm-like construction for selfdual strings using loop space, the space of loops on spacetime. This construction maps solutions of the Basu-Harvey equation, the BPS equation arising in the description of multiple M2-branes, to solutions of a selfdual string equation on loop space. Furthermore, all ingredients of the construction reduce to those of the ordinary Nahm construction when compactified on a circle with all loops restricted to those wrapping the circle. The rest of this thesis, however, will not involve loop space. We will see a Nahm-like construction for the case of infinitely many selfdual strings, suspended between two M5-branes. This is possible since the limit taken renders the fields describing the M5-branes abelian. This avoids the problem which the rest of this thesis focuses on: What fields describe multiple M5-branes? The answer is likely to involve higher gauge theory, a categorification of gauge theory which describes the parallel transport of extended objects. Any theories which involves 3-algebras, including current M2-brane models and the Lambert-Papageorgakis M5-brane model, are examples of higher gauge theories. Recently, a class of models with N=(1,0) supersymmetry have been found, with significant overlap with algebraic structures in higher gauge theory. This overlap suggests that the full N=(2,0) theory could involve semistrict $L_\infty$-algebras. Finally, we will see some explicit selfdual string solutions, which may fit into these frameworks.
Toward simulation of quark and diquark fragmentations in the Quark-Gluon String Model (QGSM)

Within the Quark-Gluon String Model A.B. Kaidalov found a behaviour of quark and diquark fragmentation functions for $z\rightarrow 0$ and $z\rightarrow 1$, and proposed interpolation formulae for the functions in the whole region of $z$. These functions must be a solution of the well-known system of the integral equations. A simplified Monte Carlo estimation of the functions, based on usage of the fragmentation functions at $z\rightarrow 1$ as the kernel functions of the system, does not reproduce Kaidalov's results. An improvement of the Monte Carlo simulations is proposed in this paper. It can be implemented in Monte Carlo event generators such as Los Alamos QGSM, QGSJet-II and the Geant4 QGS model. It will improve a description of experimental data in the models, especially, the description of the latest NA61/SHINE Collaboration data on $\pi{\rm C}$ interactions. Description of the data is a problem in DPMJet, QGSJet, EPOS and Sibyll models.
“ CONCEPTUALIZING AND MEASURING INTANGIBLE CAPITAL USING EXISTING SURVEY DATA SOURCES IN THE EUROPEAN STATISTICAL SYSTEM

Intangible capital is becoming increasingly important in economic research, especially due to its contribution to firm productivity growth. At the moment there is no official definition nor measurement approach or systematic measurement to capturing intangible investment. This paper presents a methodological exercise, which proposes conceptualization and measurement of intangible capital based on existing survey data sources in the European statistical system. Detailed conceptualization is presented, followed by an application of the proposed methodology to Slovenia, which is part of the European statistical system. The results show that the majority of components could be measured, although there are challenges in the existence of a clear and unified definitions of categories and lack of data on selected values of investments. Using existing Eurostat data would allow an efficient collection of data, minimizing time and cost effort of NSIs and respondents, and higher data quality. However, relying on different surveys and merging data opens several problems. In the long run, problems such as periodicity, definitions and do call for a preparation of a unified survey on intangible investment that could replace one-off (national) surveys.
Cavity enhanced Faraday rotation of semiconductor quantum dots

Dielectric vertical cavities are used to study the spin dynamics of molecularly self-assembled colloidal CdSe quantum dots (QDs). A quality factor dependent enhancement of Faraday rotation (∼25×) is observed and attributed to optically excited spins interacting with multiple passes of the cavity photons. This enables dynamical measurements at extremely low powers on relatively small numbers of quantum confined spins. In CdSe QDs, measurements reveal that spectroscopic contributions from exciton and electron spin precession depend on the power of excitation. We demonstrate that this scheme is amenable to chemically synthesized systems as a means to increase detection sensitivity.
Pseudoscalar decay constants in staggered chiral perturbation theory

In a continuation of an ongoing program, we use staggered chiral perturbation theory to calculate the one-loop chiral logarithms and analytic terms in the pseudoscalar meson leptonic decay constants, $f_{\pi^+_5}$ and $f_{K^+_5}$. We consider the partially quenched, ``full QCD'' (with three dynamical flavors), and quenched cases.
Branes in N=2,D=4 sugra and the conformal field theory limit

In this article we summarise the brane solutions (instantons, black holes and strings) in 4 dimensions when embedded in N=2 supergravity. Like in 10 dimensions these solutions are related by duality transformations (T-duality, c-map). For the case that the graviphoton has no magnetic charge, we discuss the conformal field theory description of the near-horizon geometry. The decoupling of the massless modes in the matrix limit of the M-theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau threefold is discussed.
A Dynamical Study of Galaxies in the Hickson Compact Groups

To investigate dynamical properties of spiral galaxies in the Hickson compact groups (HCGs), we present rotation curves of 30 galaxies in 20 HCGs. We found as follows: (1) There is no significant relation between dynamical peculiarity and morphological peculiarity in HCG spiral galaxies. (2) There is no significant relation between the dynamical properties and the frequency distribution of nuclear activities in HCG spiral galaxies. (3) There are no significant correlations between the dynamical properties of HCG spiral galaxies and any group properties (i.e., size, velocity dispersion, galaxy number density, and crossing time). (4) Asymmetric and peculiar rotation curves are more frequently seen in the HCG spiral galaxies than in field spiral galaxies or in cluster ones. However, this tendency is more obviously seen in late-type HCG spiral galaxies. These results suggest that the dynamical properties of HCG spiral galaxies do not strongly correlate with the morphology, the nuclear activity, and the group properties. Our results also suggest that more frequent galaxy collisions occur in the HCGs than in the field and in the clusters.
Properties of magnetically supported dissipative accretion flow around black holes with cooling effects

We investigate the global structure of the advection dominated accretion flow around a Schwarzschild black hole where the accretion disc is threaded by toroidal magnetic fields. We consider synchrotron radiative process as an effective cooling mechanism active in the flow. With this, we obtain the global transonic accretion solutions by exploring the variety of boundary conditions and dissipation parameters, namely accretion rate (${\dot m}$) and viscosity ($\alpha_B$). The fact that depending on the initial parameters, steady state accretion flows can possess centrifugally supported shock waves. These global shock solutions exist even when the level of dissipation is relatively high. We study the properties of shock waves and observe that the dynamics of the post-shock corona (hereafter, PSC) is regulated by the flow parameters. Interestingly, we find that shock solution disappears completely when the dissipation parameters exceed their critical values. We calculate the critical values of viscosity parameter ($\alpha^{\rm cri}_B$) adopting the canonical values of adiabatic indices as $\gamma=4/3$ (ultra-relativistic) and $1.5$ (semi-non-relativistic) and find that in the gas pressure dominated domain, $\alpha^{\rm cri}_B \sim 0.4$ for $\gamma=4/3$ and $\alpha^{\rm cri}_B \sim 0.27$ for $\gamma=1.5$, respectively. We further show that global shock solutions are relatively more luminous compared to the shock free solutions. Also, we have calculated the synchrotron spectra for shocked solutions. When the shock is considered to be dissipative in nature, it would have an important implication as the available energy at PSC can be utilized to power the outflowing matter escaped from PSC. Towards this, we calculate the maximum shock luminosity and discuss the observational implication of our present formalism.
Revivals, collapses, and magnetic-pulse generation in quantum rings

Using a microscopic theory based on the density matrix formalism we investigate quantum revivals and collapses of the charge polarization and charge current dynamics in mesoscopic rings driven by short asymmetric electromagnetic pulses. The collapsed state is utilized for sub-picosecond switching of the current and associated magnetization, enabling thus the generation of pulsed magnetic fields with a tunable time structure and shape asymmetry which provides a new tool to study ultrafast spin-dynamics and ratchet-based effects.