Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Gender and the Collaborative Learning Experience of University of Technology Students

Abstract Diversity influences students’ learning experience and their ability to learn. Gender is one of the characteristics of student diversity that could affect students’ attitudes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences manifest in men and women students’ experience of collaborative learning. An existing questionnaire was used to collect data from 186 Hospitality Financial Management 1 students (2016) who participated in collaborative learning classes. Data were analysed using the chi-squared test for independence to determine the relationship between gender and the components of collaborative learning. The results indicated that the majority of men and women students were satisfied with the collaborative learning experience. There was a statistically significant difference between men and women students on the statements “Collaborative learning activities made an important contribution to my learning” and “It is easy to organise and distribute tasks and responsibilities among collaborative learning members. ” Significantly more women students (17.65%) disagreed that it had contributed to their learning than men students (4.29%). The findings can be interpreted as meaning that although there were differences in how men students experienced collaborative learning compared with women students, these differences were limited and the general tendency between these groups were similar.
The Versatility and Diagnostic Potential of VOC Profiling for Noninfectious Diseases

A variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced and emitted by the human body every day. The identity and concentration of these VOCs reflect an individual’s metabolic condition. Information regarding the production and origin of VOCs, however, has yet to be congruent among the scientific community. This review article focuses on the recent investigations of the source and detection of biological VOCs as a potential for noninvasive discrimination between healthy and diseased individuals. Analyzing the changes in the components of VOC profiles could provide information regarding the molecular mechanisms behind disease as well as presenting new approaches for personalized screening and diagnosis. VOC research has prioritized the study of cancer, resulting in many research articles and reviews being written on the topic. This review summarizes the information gained about VOC cancer studies over the past 10 years and looks at how this knowledge correlates with and can be expanded to new and upcoming fields of VOC research, including neurodegenerative and other noninfectious diseases. Recent advances in analytical techniques have allowed for the analysis of VOCs measured in breath, urine, blood, feces, and skin. New diagnostic approaches founded on sensor-based techniques allow for cheaper and quicker results, and we compare their diagnostic dependability with gas chromatography- and mass spectrometry-based techniques. The future of VOC analysis as a clinical practice and the challenges associated with this transition are also discussed and future research priorities are summarized.
Ionized gas in the halos of edge-on starburst galaxies: Evidence for supernova-driven superwinds

Supernova-driven galactic winds ({open_quote}{open_quote}superwinds{close_quote}{close_quote}) have been invoked to explain many aspects of galaxy formation and evolution. Such winds should arise when the supernova rate is high enough to create a cavity of very hot shock-heated gas within a galaxy. This gas can then expand outward as a high-speed wind that can accelerate and heat ambient interstellar or circum-galactic gas causing it to emit optical line radiation and/or thermal X-rays. Theory suggests that such winds should be common in starburst galaxies and that the nature of the winds should depend on the star formation rate and distribution. In order to systematize our observational understanding of superwinds (determine their incidence rate and the dependence of their properties on the star formation that drives them) and to make quantitative comparisons with the theory of superwinds, we have analyzed data from an optical spectroscopic and narrow-band imaging survey of an infrared flux-limited ({ital S}{sub 60 {mu}m}{ge}5.4 Jy) sample of about 50 IR-warm ({ital S}{sub 60 {mu}m}/{ital S}{sub 100 {mu}m}{approx_gt}0.4), starburst galaxies whose stellar disks are viewed nearly edge-on ({ital b}/{ital a}{approx_gt}2). This sample contains galaxies with infrared luminosities from {approx_equal}10{sup 10}{endash}10{sup 12} {ital L}{sub {circle_dot}} and allows us to determine the properties of superwindsmore » over a wide range of star formation rates. We have found that extraplanar emission-line gas is a very common feature of these edge-on, IR-bright galaxies and the properties of the extended emission-line gas are qualitatively and quantitatively consistent with the superwind theory. We can summarize these properties as morphological, ionization, dynamical, and physical. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Astronomical Society. }« less
Fabrication of a Dual-Drug-Loaded Smart Niosome-g-Chitosan Polymeric Platform for Lung Cancer Treatment

Changes in weather conditions and lifestyle lead to an annual increase in the amount of lung cancer, and therefore it is one of the three most common types of cancer, making it important to find an appropriate treatment method. This research aims to introduce a new smart nano-drug delivery system with antibacterial and anticancer capabilities that could be applied for the treatment of lung cancer. It is composed of a niosomal carrier containing curcumin as an anticancer drug and is coated with a chitosan polymeric shell, alongside Rose Bengal (RB) as a photosensitizer with an antibacterial feature. The characterization results confirmed the successful fabrication of lipid-polymeric carriers with a size of nearly 80 nm and encapsulation efficiency of about 97% and 98% for curcumin and RB, respectively. It had the Korsmeyer–Peppas release pattern model with pH and temperature responsivity so that nearly 60% and 35% of RB and curcumin were released at 37 °C and pH 5.5. Moreover, it showed nearly 50% toxicity against lung cancer cells over 72 h and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. Accordingly, this nanoformulation could be considered a candidate for the treatment of lung cancer; however, in vivo studies are needed for better confirmation.
Spatio-Temporal Filtering Approach for Tomographic SAR Data

Synthetic aperture radar tomography (TomoSAR) has recently received particular interest from the remote-sensing community, due to its ability to provide 3-D reconstructions of environments with complex structures. Unfortunately, different forms of decorrelations and processing errors affect the quality of the resulting 2-D/3-D images. One way to cope with the impact of these nuisances is to apply appropriate filtering to the interferometric data stack as a preprocessing step. The first obstacle to be dealt with, especially in urban areas, is to define a filter whose parameters have to be set in such a way as to improve smoothing capabilities while preserving edges. To this aim, the main objective of this article is twofold: 1) the application of a spatio-temporal contextual filter whose parameters depend on 3-D quality indicators of the multibaseline interferometric image stack and 2) evaluation of the denoising effect on the application of nonparametric spectral estimation and detection algorithms. For that, we consider several quantitative metrics to assess, on the one hand, the filtering performances, and, on the other hand, its impact on the reflectivity function recovered from conventional tomographic inversion and detection methods. Experimental results from a set of TerraSAR-X (TSX) images highlight the efficiency of the filtering process by improving the scatterers’ detection and height localization, of a man-made structure.
Dynamic Parameters Identification of Robotic Manipulator using Momentum

The paper presents a momentum-based regressor by using Hamiltonian dynamics representation for robotic manipulator. It has an advantage in that the proposed regressor does not require the acceleration measurement for the identification of dynamic parameters. Also, the identification algorithm is newly suggested by solving a minimization problem with constraint. The developed algorithm is easy to implement in real-time. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed momentum-based regressor and identification method is shown through numerical simulations.
Effect of the Slope Gradient of Submerged Breakwaters on Wave Energy Dissipation

Abstract: This paper presents the results of studies on the effects of the slope gradient of a fully permeable submerged breakwater. A newly developed numerical model is used, which is able to consider the flow through a porous medium with inertial, linear and nonlinear resistance terms. The model is therefore able to directly simulate the interaction between the wave-structure and the sand-seabed for a submerged breakwater. The model can also determine the eddy viscosity with the LES turbulence model in a 2-dimensional wave field. The developed model was validated by comparison with existing experimental data for wave deformations caused by the rectangular permeable submerged breakwater. It was later used for various numerical experiments which investigated the complicated hydrodynamics associated with the varying slope gradient of a permeable submerged breakwater. Numerical results revealed that the reflection and transmission coefficients decrease simultaneously with a decrease in slope gradient and the wave breaking over the crown of the submerged breakwater tends to move towards the offshore side with the steep slope gradient of the breakwater. In addition, clockwise circulation flow is generated behind the submerged breakwater, and its magnitude increases with the slope of the structure.
Shared Perceptions of Fatigue Management in Workgroups: A Cross-Level Moderator of the Negative Impact of Work Spillover on Custodial Officer Outcomes

Custodial officers perform unique and challenging work tasks making it a profession with predictable work-to-home spillover. Drawing on Spillover and Safety Climate theories, we hypothesized that work-to-home spillover would be associated with higher psychological distress, sleep disturbance, binge drinking, and commuting incidents, and that these individual-level effects would be buffered in workgroups with a shared perception that fatigue was managed well. Using a mixed-methods design, multilevel quantitative data (498 employees nested in 72 workgroups across 12 Australian prisons) and qualitative data (from 63 structured interviews) were collected. Results supported predicted main effects for psychological distress, sleep disturbance, and commuting incidents, and a cross-level buffering effect on the positive relationship between custodial work spillover and psychological distress that occurs when workgroups perceive their organization is managing fatigue well. We found qualitative support for relationships via the emergence of six themes including how custodial officers experience a collective sense of fatigue management.
Angle-of-Arrival Sensing Using a Machine Learning Enhanced Amplitude-Only System

A low-cost, low-complexity amplitude-only angle-of-arrival (AoA) sensor system is experimentally demonstrated. The sensor embeds a machine learning (ML)-in-the-loop procedure as the processing algorithm to extract both azimuth and elevation AoA information from a planar circular array. This has not been demonstrated in the open literature with the traditional AoA approaches, the same sensor’s dimensionality, field-of-view, or with as low system complexity. A four-channel receiver is designed, built, and assembled behind a simple four-element monopole array. The sensing components and ML algorithm are integrated to experimentally validate the hypothesis that both azimuth and elevation information can be determined from this simple, low-cost sensor. Moreover, a systematic procedure is introduced for the design of a deep neural network for the amplitude-only direction-finding application. Following this approach, major system complexity reductions are found—over 99% for the azimuth network and 98% for the elevation network, while still achieving 0.75° root mean square error (RMSE) in azimuth and 1.1° RMSE in elevation. Experimental results show up to 20% accuracy improvement in azimuth estimation, and 93% accuracy improvement in elevation, when compared to a lookup table-based method.
Riemann–Stieltjes Optimal Control Problems for Uncertain Dynamic Systems

Motivated by uncertain parameters in nonlinear dynamic systems, we define a nonclassical optimal control problem where the cost functional is given by a Riemann–Stieltjes “functional of a functional. ” Using the properties of Riemann–Stieltjes sums, a minimum principle is generated from the limit of a semidiscretization. The optimal control minimizes a Riemann–Stieltjes integral of the Pontryagin Hamiltonian. The challenges associated with addressing the noncommutative operations of integration and minimization are addressed via cubature techniques leading to the concept of hyper-pseudospectral points. These ideas are then applied to address the practical uncertainties in control moment gyroscopes that drive an agile spacecraft. Ground test results conducted at Honeywell demonstrate the new principles. The Riemann–Stieltjes optimal control problem is a generalization of the unscented optimal control problem. It can be connected to many independently developed ideas across several disciplines: search theory.
Formal Neuron Based on Adaptive Parametric Rectified Linear Activation Function and its Learning

The paper proposes an adaptive activation function (AdPReLU) for deep neural networks which is generalization of rectified unit family, differing by opportunity of online tuning its parameters during the learning process of neural network. The learning algorithm of formal neuron with adaptive activation function which is generalization of delta-rule and in which parameters of the function tune simultaneously with synaptic weights, based on error back-propagation is developed. The proposed algorithm of tuning is optimized for increasing of operating speed. Computational experiments confirm the effectiveness of the approach under consideration.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Powerpoint Interaktif terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas V SDN pada Materi Kegiatan Ekonomi

Abstract: This study aims to determine the effectiveness and effect of applying a problem-based learning model using PowerPoint interactive media on the critical thinking skills of students at SDN Bandulan 4 Malang grade 5 on the material of economic activities. A quantitative approach was used in this research design using the Pre-Experimental Design and One Group Pretest-Posttest Design methods as the type of research design. The sample size for this study was 29 students using the saturated sampling technique. Data collection methods used include observation, interviews, tests and documentation. The Wilcoxon nonparametric statistical test was used as a data analysis method. The results of data analysis were obtained using the Wilcoxon test with sig. 0.000 less than 0.05. This means that the interactive media PowerPoint to assist the application of problem-based learning models have a significant effect on the critical thinking skills of 5th graders at SDN Bandulan 4 Malang on the material of economic activities. Abstrak: Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan serta pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan menggunakan media interaktif PowerPoint pada kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa SDN Bandulan 4 Malang kelas 5 pada materi kegiatan ekonomi. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan pada rancangan penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode Pre-Experimental Design dan One Group Pretest-Posttest Design sebagai jenis desain penelitian. Besar sampel untuk penelitian ini adalah 29 siswa dengan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi, wawancara, tes dan dokumentasi. Uji statistik nonparametrik Wilcoxon digunakan sebagai metode analisis data. Hasil analisis data diperoleh dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dengan sig. 0,000 kurang dari 0,05. Artinya dengan adanya media interaktif PowerPoint untuk membantu penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas 5 SDN Bandulan 4 Malang pada materi kegiatan ekonomi.
1830–211 – a flat-spectrum radio source with double structure

Les deux composantes sont separees de 1 arc sec environ et leur densite de flux est du meme ordre de grandeur; de plus, le spectre est plat et empeche la classification nette de cet objet non identifie optiquement. Diverses interpretations sont envisagees et discutees pour expliquer la nature de cette radiosource double, dont un phenomene de mirage gravitationnel non satisfaisant en raison des resultats d'observations
Thermogram analysis and classification in breast cancer diagnostics

The question of effectiveness of the infrared thermal imaging for population screening and the early breast cancer detection has become topical again in last few years. The reason is that we have new ways how to replace the subjective classification, performed by a trained physician and based on ill-defined thermo-pathological features, by semi-automated classification performed on digital thermograms with a sophisticated computer program. Our purpose is to solve the task of a pattern classifier design that would work as a core of such a program, and also try to answer the question of the effectiveness. We describe the regions of interest (whole breasts in frontal picture) by number of about 40 features quantifying all fundamental properties of ROI - from an average temperature up to texture descriptors. Feature selection procedures helped us to define the essential quantitative thermo-pathological features. We used the final feature space to design several types of classifiers with supervised learning.
Mapping a Thunderstorm Anvil Flow by Doppler Radar

Abstract The mean motion of particles in a thunderstorm anvil has been measured at various heights and elevation angles by Doppler radar, using the velocity-azimuth scanning mode of Lhermitte and Atlas with the harmonic analysis scheme of Browning and Wexler. An error analysis indicated that the measurement accuracy, even at elevation angles as high as 80°, is comparable to the inherent radar resolution of 0.9° in direction and 0.6 m sec−1 in speed. The scale of temporal and spatial variability of wind at anvil height was more than an order of magnitude greater than the errors; consequently, the measurements of anvil winds obtained by Doppler radar are considered to be significantly informative. Estimates of divergence, on the other hand, were quite unreliable at elevation angles >50° and not especially trustworthy at any of the smaller elevation angles. All measurements of divergence, however, showed a trend of increase with greater height in the anvil. Pronounced anomalies in the measured wind component.
Mechanism of B diffusion in crystalline Ge under proton irradiation

B diffusion in crystalline Ge is investigated by proton irradiation in thin layers with B delta doping under different fluences $(1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{15}\char21{}10\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{15}\text{ }{\text{H}}^{+}/{\text{cm}}^{2})$, fluxes $(6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{11}\char21{}35\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{11}\text{ }{\text{H}}^{+}/{\text{cm}}^{2}\text{ }\text{s})$, and temperatures of the implanted target (from $\ensuremath{-}196$ to $550\text{ }\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\text{C}$), both during and after irradiation. B migration is enhanced by several orders of magnitude with respect to equilibrium. Moreover, B diffusion is shown to occur through a point-defect-mediated mechanism, compatible with a kick-out process. The diffusion mechanism is discussed. These results are a key point for a full comprehension of the B diffusion in Ge.
Decomposition and nondifferentiable optimization with the projective algorithm

This paper deals with an application of a variant of Karmarkar's projective algorithm for linear programming to the solution of a generic nondifferentiable minimization problem. This problem is closely related to the Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition technique used in large-scale convex programming. The proposed method is based on a column generation technique defining a sequence of primal linear programming maximization problems. Associated with each problem one defines a weighted potential function which is minimized using a variant of the projective algorithm. When a point close to the minimum of the potential function is reached, a corresponding point in the dual space is constructed, which is close to the analytic center of a polytope containing the solution set of the nondifferentiable optimization problem. An admissible cut of the polytope, corresponding to a new supporting hyperplane of the epigraph of the function to minimize, is then generated at this approximate analytic center. In the primal space this new cut translates into a new column for the associated linear programming problem. The algorithm has performed well on a set of convex nondifferentiable programming problems.
Effect of gain lineshape on amplification of localized modes in active random media

The model based on the method of finite-difference time-domain is applied to calculate the general feature of localized modes in active random media. The evolution of the localized modes from passive random media to active ones is investigated. By varying the gain lineshape for an active random medium, we have observed a selective excitation of localized modes, including both single-mode and multi-mode excitations. When the eigenfrequencies for some localized modes are near the centre of the gain spectrum, the optical gain offers coherent amplification to them so that they can obtain more amplification and have stronger field amplitude than other modes. The pumping level dependence of the field amplitude of the localized modes exhibits a threshold behaviour.