Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Effective Population Size in the Sapsaree: A Korean Native Dog (Canis familiaris)

Effective population size (Ne) is an important measure to understand population structure and genetic variability in animal species. The objective of this study was to estimate Ne in Sapsaree dogs using the information of rate of inbreeding and genomic data that were obtained from pedigree and the Illumina CanineSNP20 (20K) and CanineHD (170K) beadchips, respectively. Three SNP panels, i.e. Sap134 (20K), Sap60 (170K), and Sap183 (the combined panel from the 20K and 170K), were used to genotype 134, 60, and 183 animal samples, respectively. The Ne estimates based on inbreeding rate ranged from 16 to 51 about five to 13 generations ago. With the use of SNP genotypes, two methods were applied for Ne estimation, i.e. pair-wise r2 values using a simple expectation of distance and r2 values under a non-linear regression with respective distances assuming a finite population size. The average pair-wise Ne estimates across generations using the pairs of SNPs that were located within 5 Mb in the Sap134, Sap60, and Sap183 panels, were 1,486, 1,025 and 1,293, respectively. Under the non-linear regression method, the average Ne estimates were 1,601, 528, and 1,129 for the respective panels. Also, the point estimates of past Ne at 5, 20, and 50 generations ago ranged between 64 to 75, 245 to 286, and 573 to 646, respectively, indicating a significant Ne reduction in the last several generations. These results suggest a strong necessity for minimizing inbreeding through the application of genomic selection or other breeding strategies to increase Ne, so as to maintain genetic variation and to avoid future bottlenecks in the Sapsaree population.
CPN based GAE performance prediction framework

Google App Engine (GAE) is one of the most popular PAAS type cloud platform for database transaction systems. When we plan to run those systems on GAE, performance prediction is one of the obstacles, since only a little performance information on GAE is available. In addition, the structure of GAE is not opened to general public. This paper proposes a Colored Petri Net (CPN) based simulation framework, based on the performance parameters obtained through the measurement by user written programs. The framework is build focusing on the application structure, which consists of a series of GAE APIs, and GAE works as a mechanism to produce the probabilistic process delay. The framework has high modularity to plug-in any kinds of applications easily.
Verifying and Fixing Password Authentication Protocol

Password authentication protocol (PAP) is widely used in the wireless fidelity point-to-point protocol to authenticate an identity and password for a peer. This paper uses a new knowledge-based framework to verify the PAP protocol and a fixed version. Flaws are found in both the original and the fixed versions. A new enhanced protocol is provided and the security of it is proved. The whole process is implemented in a mechanical reasoning platform, Isabelle. It only takes a few seconds to find flaws in the original and the fixed protocol and to verify that the enhanced version of the PAP protocol is secure
Helping Adolescents And Adults To Build Self Esteem A Photocopiable Resource Book

Thank you very much for downloading helping adolescents and adults to build self esteem a photocopiable resource book. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their favorite books like this helping adolescents and adults to build self esteem a photocopiable resource book, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful bugs inside their desktop computer.
Assessing the Effect of Estimation Error on Population Viability Analysis: an Example Using the Black-capped Vireo Assessing the Effect of Estimation Error on Population Viability Analysis: an Example Using the Black-capped Vireo Final Report List of Figures Preface

The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position, unless so designated by other authorized documents. Figure 1. Probability of persistence over 100 years under the no-uncertainty assumption for both unmanaged and conservation scenarios . Figure 6. Hypothetical representation of explicitly adding uncertainty in estimates of factors out of management control to the conservation scenario under no uncertainty The purpose was to quantitatively assess the impact of error and uncertainty on the evaluation of endangered species population viability. (2001). " Assessing the effect of estimation error on population viability analysis: An example using the black-capped vireo, " ERDC/EL MP-01-1, U. The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products.
Using polarization to determine intrinsic surface properties

Among properties computer vision attempts to extract from images are: local shape, intrinsic reflection parameters, and roughness because they are all crucial to the success of image interpretation in general and to realistic surface modeling in particular. We seek light reflection phenomena and reflectance models that could better capture the relation of reflected light parameters to the local properties of the observed surface. In addition to the relation intensity -- shape studied in computer vision for a long time, we study the relation of other light characteristics to local shape. We started by focusing on light polarization state. We found that the generalization of the Lambert's reflectance model based on Fresnel coefficients, as proposed by Wolff, correctly predicts the polarization state of light reflected on smooth dielectrics. Both the light incidence and the viewer plane orientations may be measured to estimate the surface normal if light position relative to the observer is known. It is demonstrated that inter-reflections between surfaces play an important role, especially near the shadow boundary where the body reflection component is very weak.
Parasites in Paraguay: An Analysis of the Presentation and Management of Intestinal Parasites by Short-Term Medical Mission Volunteers in Paraguay

Introduction. International medical aid in the form of short-term medical missions (STTMs) receives more than $250 million in annual donations. Needs assessments prior to the STTM and outcomes analysis for improvement are often lacking. Objective. Describe the patient population attended to during a one-week STTM in Paraguay, South America, while examining “parasites” as a presenting concern, as a diagnosis by the providers, and the prescription of antiparasitic treatment. This analysis identified variance in intestinal parasite presentation and management by age, gender, and location. The administration frequency of antiparasitic medication was considered as prophylactic versus disease-treatment based. Methods. This study was a chart review of de-identified clinic records from a temporary primary care clinic in the Capital District, Paraguay, in June, 2011. Results. Thirty percent of patients presented with “parasites,” most prevalent among females and adults (p = 0.0520 and p = 0.0730, respectively). Forty-six percent of patients were diagnosed with “parasites” and 51% were prescribed antiparasitic medication. Females more frequently received antiparasitic medication (p = 0.0660). Seventy-eight percent of patients were indicated for prophylactic antiparasitic administration; only 48% received medication. Eightyeight percent of patients indicated for antiparasitic administration (either prophylactically or by diagnosis) received medication. Conclusion. Antiparasitic medication prescription tended toward treating newly diagnosed clinical disease, as opposed to broad prophylactic administration of antiparasitic medication to at-risk populations. Future STMMs should focus on an approach to the prevention, treatment, 4 PARASITES IN PARAGUAY and eradication of intestinal parasites via education, improved sanitation, and longitudinal presence in conjunction with local medical infrastructure.
Molecular and Biologic Analysis of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors with Diverse Specificities

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are anticancer agents that induce hyperacetylation of histones, resulting in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional changes. In addition, nonhistone proteins, such as the chaperone protein Hsp90, are functionally regulated through hyperacetylation mediated by HDACis. Histone acetylation is thought to be primarily regulated by HDACs 1, 2, and 3, whereas the acetylation of Hsp90 has been proposed to be specifically regulated through HDAC6. We compared the molecular and biologic effects induced by an HDACi with broad HDAC specificity (vorinostat) with agents that predominantly inhibited selected class I HDACs (MRLB-223 and romidepsin). MRLB-223, a potent inhibitor of HDACs 1 and 2, killed tumor cells using the same apoptotic pathways as the HDAC 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 inhibitor vorinostat. However, vorinostat induced histone hyperacetylation and killed tumor cells more rapidly than MRLB-223 and had greater therapeutic efficacy in vivo. FDCP-1 cells dependent on the Hsp90 client protein Bcr-Abl for survival, were killed by all HDACis tested, concomitant with caspase-dependent degradation of Bcr-Abl. These studies provide evidence that inhibition of HDAC6 and degradation of Bcr-Abl following hyperacetylation of Hsp90 is likely not a major mechanism of action of HDACis as had been previously posited. Mol Cancer Ther; 12(12); 2709–21. ©2013 AACR.
Network MIMO: Transmitters with no CSI can still be very useful

In this paper1 we consider the Network MIMO channel under the so-called Distributed Channel State Information at the Transmitters (D-CSIT) configuration. In this setting, the precoder is designed in a distributed manner at each Transmitter (TX) on the basis of local versions of Channel State information (CSI) of various quality. Although the use of simple Zero-Forcing (ZF) was recently shown to reach the optimal DoF for a Broadcast Channel (BC) under noisy, yet centralized, CSI at the TX (CSIT), it can turn very inefficient when faced with D-CSIT: The number of Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF) achieved is then limited by the worst CSI accuracy across TXs. To circumvent this effect, we develop a new robust transmission scheme improving the DoF. A surprising result is uncovered by which, in the regime of so-called weak CSIT, the proposed scheme is shown to be DoF-optimal and to achieve a centralized outerbound consisting in the DoF of a genie-aided centralized setting in which the CSIT versions of all TXs are available everywhere. Building upon the insight obtained in the weak CSIT regime, we develop a general D-CSIT robust scheme for the 3-user case which improves over the DoF obtained by conventional robust approaches for any arbitrary CSIT configuration.
Sparse spanners vs. compact routing

Routing with <i>multiplicative</i> stretch 3 (which means that the path used by the routing scheme can be up to three times longer than a shortest path) can be done with routing tables of Θ(√<i>n</i>) bits per node. The space lower bound is due to the existence of dense graphs with large girth. Dense graphs can be sparsified to subgraphs, called spanners, with various stretch guarantees. There are spanners with additive stretch guarantees (some even have constant additive stretch) but only very few additive routing schemes are known. In this paper, we give reasons why routing in unweighted graphs with <i>additive</i> stretch is difficult in the form of space lower bounds for general graphs and for planar graphs. We prove that any routing scheme using routing tables of size μ bits per node and addresses of poly-logarithmic length has additive stretch Ω(√<i>n</i>/μ) for general graphs, and Ω(√<i>n</i>/μ) for planar graphs. Routing with tables of size <i>O</i>(<i>n</i><sup>1/3</sup>) thus requires a polynomial additive stretch Ω(<i>n</i><sup>1/3</sup>), whereas spanners with average degree <i>O</i>(<i>n</i><sup>1/3</sup>) and constant additive stretch exist for all graphs. Spanners, however sparse they are, do not tell us how to route. These bounds provide the first separation of sparse spanner problems and compact routing problems. On the positive side, we give an almost tight upper bound: we present the first non-trivial compact routing scheme with <i>o</i>(log<sup>2</sup><i>n</i>)-bit addresses, additive stretch <i>O</i>(<i>n</i><sup>1/3</sup>), and table size <i>O</i>(<i>n</i><sup>1/3</sup>) bits for all graphs with linear local tree-width such as planar, bounded-genus, and apex-minor-free graphs. Note: Asymptotic notation in this abstract suppresses factors logarithmic in n.
Simulation experiment of continuous double auction stock market based on multi-agent model

This paper uses the agent-based modeling approach to construct an artificial stock market with the continuous double auction mechanism. In this market, several psychological effects that described in behavioral finance (such as anchoring effect, mental accounting and disposition effect), are introduced into the decision process of agent to illustrate the impact of agent's psychological factors. Base on this model, this paper mainly studied the nonlinear dynamical characteristics of stock market, the comparison of two trading strategies, as well as the relationship between the tick size and the trading volume, under the influence of agent's psychological factors.
Circuit Techniques for Low-Power Data Drivers of TFT-LCDs

A stepwise driving method was used for reducing the AC power consumption in a TFT-LCD. The AC power takes the largest portion of the total power consumption of a TFT-LCD. Experimental results confirmed that the AC power saving efficiency reached up to 75% when a 5-stepwise driving with each step time of 2μ sec was applied to a 14.1 inch- diagonal XGA TFT-LCD. The second largest component of power consumption called the DC power comes from the quiescent currents in Op-amps. A simple and efficient architecture was proposed in this work to reduce this DC power consumption: Half of the Op-amps have the 5V-supplies, and the rest half have the 10V-supplies, and two Op-amps are shared by adjacent two channels. Measurements of test circuits showed that this simple method could reduce over 40% of the DC power consumption.
A Syntactic Characterization of the Equality in Some Models for the Lambda Calculus

An equality relation on the terms of the A-calculus is an equivalence relation closed under the (syntactical) operations of application and A-abstraction. We may distinguish between syntactic and semantic ways of introducing equality relations, /^-equality is introduced syntactically; it is the least equality relation satisfying the equations for aand ^-conversion. For a more subtle way of introducing equality relations syntactically, consider the relations =f and =h of §5 of this paper. To give a semantic characterization of an equality relation, we simply take the relation ' has the same value in £>', where D is some model for the A-calculus. Of course, no equality relation is of interest to the intended interpretation of the A-calculus, unless it extends /^-equality. An equality relation is inconsistent if and only if it sets all terms equal; otherwise it is consistent. It is maximal consistent if and only if it is consistent and has no consistent proper extensions. In this paper we consider a class of continuous lattice models for the A-calculus, and a particular model, the Graph model. The same equality is induced by all the continuous lattice models; we shall refer to them as the Scott models (see [3], where they were first constructed). For the history of the Graph model see [4]. We shall give, in this paper, syntactic characterizations of the equality induced by the Scott models, and by the Graph model; and we shall show that the equality induced by the Scott models is the unique maximal consistent equality relation, extending the relation = H, which was proved consistent in [1]. We use x, y,z, w . for variables, and M,N, P . for terms of the A-calculus (with subscripts as necessary). D will refer to whatever model or models are under consideration. The content of our Theorem 5.4 (a) has been discovered independently by C. P. Wadsworth.
Performance analysis of grid connected PV array with H-bridge inverter controlled by angular modulation scheme

This paper presents a modular cascaded H-bridge multilevel photovoltaic (PV) inverter for three-phase grid-connected solar cell. An angular controlled modulation scheme has been proposed for Modular Multilevel Converter in this application. To maximize the solar energy extraction in various irradiance, Incremental Conductance algorithm for maximum power point tracking is used, which allows independent control of each solar cell voltage. The performance of the system has also been analyzed at variable irradiance on the each cell. A simulation model of three-phase seventeen-level cascaded H-bridge inverter has been built by using twenty four number of H-bridge modules (eight modules per phase). Each H-bridge module is connected to a 270-W solar panel. Simulation results are presented to verify the feasibility of the proposed approach where on an average 1.5% THD is achieved in load phase voltage.
Multi-Label Informed Feature Selection

Multi-label learning has been extensively studied in the area of bioinformatics, information retrieval, multimedia annotation, etc. In multi-label learning, each instance is associated with multiple interdependent class labels, the label information can be noisy and incomplete. In addition, multilabeled data often has noisy, irrelevant and redundant features of high dimensionality. As an effective data preprocessing step, feature selection has shown its effectiveness to prepare high-dimensional data for numerous data mining and machine learning tasks. Most of existing multi-label feature selection algorithms either boil down to solving multiple single-labeled feature selection problems or directly make use of imperfect labels. Therefore, they may not be able to find discriminative features that are shared by multiple labels. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-label informed feature selection framework MIFS, which exploits label correlations to select discriminative features across multiple labels. Specifically, to reduce the negative effects of imperfect label information in finding label correlations, we decompose the multi-label information into a low-dimensional space and then employ the reduced space to steer the feature selection process. Empirical studies on real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed framework.
On Some Properties of the Optimally Refined Proportional Sampling Strategy

The optimally refined proportional sampling strategy has been recommended as a better alternative to random testing, when dividing the input domain into equal-sized partitions is easy. This paper investigates some properties of the optimally refined proportional sampling strategy. This investigation provides some useful information on how well the optimally refined proportional sampling strategy outperforms random testing.
Deal or deceit: detecting cheating in distribution channels

Distribution channel is a system that partners move products from manufacturer to end users. To increase sales, it is quite common for manufacturers to adjust the product prices to partners according to the product volume per deal. However, the price adjustment is like a double-edged sword. It also spurs some partners to form a cheating alliance, where a cheating seller applies for a falsified big deal with a low price and then re-sells the products to the cheating buyers. Since these cheating behaviors are harmful to a healthy ecosystem of distribution channel, we need the automatic method to guide the tedious audit process. Thus, in this study we propose the method to rank all partners by the degree of cheating, either as seller or buyer. It is mainly motivated by the observation that the sales volumes of a cheating seller and its corresponding cheating buyer are often negatively correlated with each other. Specifically, the proposed framework consists of three parts: 1) an asymmetric correlation measure which is needed to distinguish cheating sellers from cheating buyers; 2) a systematic approach which is needed to remove false positive pairs, i.e., two partners whose sale correlation is purely coincident; 3) finally, a probabilistic model to measure the degree of cheating behaviors for each partner. Based on the 4-year channel data of an IT company we empirically show how the proposed method outperforms the other baseline ones. It is worth mentioning that with the proposed unsupervised method more than half of the partners in the resultant top-30 ranking list are true cheating partners.
Machine Vision Based Vehicular Cabin Activity Analysis 2. Activities during Naturalistic Driving

1. Why cabin view? Vision for intelligent vehicles is a growing area of research [6] for many practical reasons including the relatively inexpensive nature of camera sensing units and even more the non-contact and non-intrusive manner of observation. The latter is of critical importance when observing occupants inside the vehicle cockpit because no sensing unit should impede the primary task of driving. Conventionally, observation of occupants inside the vehicle has been limited to drivers of the vehicle since the state of driver directly affects the task of driving [1, 3]. However, the holistic state of the driver is better represented by observing the entire situation inside the cabin, including the passengers. As illustrated in Figure 1, passengers and drivers jointly exhibit a variety of behaviors which affects the state of driver and therefore the quality of driving. In the top image, the passenger is verbally communicating information to the driver which translates to a certain percentage of the driver's mental workload. In the second image, the passenger and driver are jointly observing the contents of a cell phone causing the driver to be visually and mentally distracted. To this end, vision based activity analysis of vehicular cabin occupants is of particular interest for at least two reasons: first it has the potential to save lives and second it posses interesting and challenging research problems from the computer vision and machine learning perspective. In this study, we lay the ground work for analyzing activities inside the vehicle cabin by describing the steps for proper data collection, in defining activities of interest, on extracting reliable vision based features and for modeling joint activities. Using camera sensing units, there are multiple ways to observe occupants inside the vehicle. The options include the number of cameras, their perspective and their characteristics. One possibility is a distributed set of cameras, at least one for each of the occupants. Advantages of such a set Figure 1. Sample instances taken from naturalistic driving illustrating the interactions between passenger and driver. Detecting and analyzing activities inside the vehicle cabin is a vision challenging problem. up include minimizing occlusion due to camera placement and perspective and due to large head or body movements [5]. Disadvantages include limitations in synchronized capture of, possibility of decreased frame rate due to and real-time processing of frames from multiple cameras. The other possibility is as illustrated in Figure 1, where a single wide …