Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Individuality, Belonging, and Children's Self Concepts: A Motivational Spiral Model of Self-Evaluation, Performance, and Participation in Physical Activities

Problematique. Ce projet avait pour objectif d’etudier les fondements sociaux et personnels des images de soi des enfants en rapport avec les activites physiques selon le modele de la motivation de l’apprentissage en spirale. Ce modele rapproche l’image de soi des enfants, leurs sentiments, leurs choix, leurs strategies de resolution de problemes et leurs performances, tout ce qui peut stimuler et contraindre les motivations des enfants a participer a des activites physiques dans les annees a venir. Methode. La premiere etude a porte sur de jeunes enfants (N= 40. Age: m = 6,3; σ= 1,1), mais aussi sur des moins jeunes (N= 36. Age : m = 10,2; σ= 1,2). La seconde concernait des enfants de 4 a 11 ans (N= 56. Age : m = 8; σ= 2,1). Resultats. Dans la premiere etude, les bases personnelles et sociales des images de soi variaient selon l’âge et les images des soi n’etaient pas necessairement en rapport avec les performances observees. Dans la deuxieme etude, les images de soi et les sentiments relatifs aux activites incitaient a une participation ulterieure fournissant aux enfants des occasions de developper leurs capacites et leur strategies cognitives. Conclusion. Les resultats confirment les fondements hypothetiques personnels et sociaux des images de soi, ce qui est essentiel dans le modele de l’apprentissage en spirale des motivations des enfants. Il en ressort qu’il existe des pistes communes et diversifiees qui conduisent les enfants a s’adonner a des activites physiques, ce qui a des retombees importantes sur les programmes cliniques et educatifs concernant la sante et le bien-etre des enfants. This project examined the personal and social bases of children's self concepts about movement within the Motivational Spiral Model. The model relates children's self concepts, feelings, choices, task strategies, and performance that feed forward to support and constrain children's motivations to participate in physical movement in subsequent years. Study 1 was with younger (N= 40, age 6.3, SD 1.1 years) and older children (N= 36, age 10.2, SD 1.2 years). Study 2 was with 4- to 11-year-old children (N= 56, age 8.0, SD 2.1). In Study 1, personal and social bases of self concepts varied for younger and older children, and their self concepts were not necessarily associated with actual performance. In Study 2, children's self concepts and feelings about movement feed forward to subsequent participation providing children with opportunities to develop their task strategies and skills. Results support the proposed personal and social bases to self concepts that are central to the Motivational Spiral Model. The findings suggest common and diverse pathways to children's participation in physical activities, that have important applications in educational and clinical programmes for children's health and well-being.
Drought Tolerance Conferred in Soybean (Glycine max. L) by GmMYB84, a Novel R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor

MYB-type transcription factors (MYB TFs) play diverse roles in plant development and stress responses. However, the mechanisms underlying the actions of MYB TFs during stress response remain unclear. In this study we identified a R2R3-MYB TF in soybean (Glycine max), denoted GmMYB84, which contributes to drought resistance. Expression of GmMYB84 was induced by drought, salt stress, H2O2 and ABA. Compared with the wild type (WT), GmMYB84-overexpressing soybean mutants (OE lines) exhibited enhanced drought resistance with a higher survival rate, longer primary root length, greater proline and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, higher antioxidant enzyme activities [peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], a lower dehydration rate and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. We also found that ROS could induce SOD/POD/CAT activity in OE lines. In particular, we found that the optimal level of ROS is required for GmMYB84 to modulate primary root elongation. Some ROS-related genes were up-regulated under abiotic stress in GmMYB84 transgenic plants compared with the WT. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and luciferase reporter analysis demonstrated that GmMYB84 binds directly to the promoter of GmRBOHB-1 and GmRBOHB-2 genes. Based on this evidence, we propose a model for how GmMYB84, H2O2 and antioxidant enzymes work together to control root growth under both optimal and drought stress conditions.
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of the Large Magellanic Cloud Field around SN 1987A: Distance Determination with Red Clump and Tip of the Red Giant Branch Stars

We have used Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 multiband observations of a field around SN 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud to measure its distance from the Sun. The observations allowed us to carefully determine the interstellar extinction along the line of sight to a large number of stars and to measure the LMC distance by using two stellar distance indicators: the red clump (RC) and the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB). From an application of the red clump method, we obtain a distance modulus of (m - M) = 18.59 ± 0.04 ± 0.08 mag (statistical plus systematic error), in good agreement with the distance derived by using the TRGB stars, namely, (m - M) = 18.69 ± 0.25 ± 0.06 mag (statistical plus systematic error). Both values agree well with the distance to SN 1987A as determined from a study of its inner ring fluorescent echo [(m - M)SN 1987A = 18.55 ± 0.05 mag], thus excluding distance moduli lower than 18.43 to a 99.7% significance level. Differences with respect to previous results obtained using the same distance indicators are discussed.
Online SVM learning: from classification to data description and back

The paper presents two useful extensions of the incremental SVM in the context of online learning. An online support vector data description algorithm enables application of the online paradigm to unsupervised learning. Furthermore, online learning can be used in the large-scale classification problems to limit the memory requirements for storage of the kernel matrix. The proposed algorithms are evaluated on the task of online monitoring of EEG data, and on the classification task of learning the USPS dataset with a-priori chosen working set size.
The proteomics of lipid droplets: structure, dynamics, and functions of the organelle conserved from bacteria to humans

Lipid droplets are cellular organelles that consists of a neutral lipid core covered by a monolayer of phospholipids and many proteins. They are thought to function in the storage, transport, and metabolism of lipids, in signaling, and as a specialized microenvironment for metabolism in most types of cells from prokaryotic to eukaryotic organisms. Lipid droplets have received a lot of attention in the last 10 years as they are linked to the progression of many metabolic diseases and hold great potential for the development of neutral lipid-derived products, such as biofuels, food supplements, hormones, and medicines. Proteomic analysis of lipid droplets has yielded a comprehensive catalog of lipid droplet proteins, shedding light on the function of this organelle and providing evidence that its function is conserved from bacteria to man. This review summarizes many of the proteomic studies on lipid droplets from a wide range of organisms, providing an evolutionary perspective on this organelle.
Breakfast, midday meals and academic achievement in rural primary schools in Uganda: implications for education and school health policy

Background Underachievement in schools is a global problem and is especially prevalent in developing countries. Indicators of educational performance show that Uganda has done remarkably well on education access-related targets since the introduction of universal primary education in 1997. However, educational outcomes remain disappointing. The absence of school feeding schemes, one of the leading causes of scholastic underachievement, has not been given attention by the Ugandan authorities. Instead, as a national policy, parents are expected to provide meals even though many, especially in the rural areas, cannot afford to provide even the minimal daily bowl of maize porridge. Objective To assess and demonstrate the effect of breakfast and midday meal consumption on academic achievement of schoolchildren. Design, Materials and Methods We assessed household characteristics, feeding patterns and academic achievement of 645 schoolchildren (aged 9–15 years) in Kumi district, eastern Uganda, in 2006–2007, using a modified cluster sampling design which involved only grade 1 schools (34 in total) and pupils of grade four. Household questionnaires and school records were used to collect information on socio-demographic factors, feeding patterns and school attendance. Academic achievement was assessed using unstandardized techniques, specifically designed for this study. Results Underachievement (the proportion below a score of 120.0 points) was high (68.4%); in addition, significantly higher achievement and better feeding patterns were observed among children from the less poor households (p<0.05). Achievement was significantly associated with consumption of breakfast and a midday meal, particularly for boys (p<0.05), and a greater likelihood of scoring well was observed for better nourished children (all OR values>1.0). Conclusion We observed that underachievement was relatively high; inadequate patterns of meal consumption, particularly for the most poor, significantly higher scores among children from ‘less poor’ households and a significant association between academic achievement and breakfast and midday meal consumption.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Is a Differentiation Factor for Postmitotic CNS Stem Cell-Derived Neuronal Precursors: Distinct Actions from Those of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been reported previously to promote the proliferation, survival, and maturation of sympathetic neuroblasts, the genesis of retinal neurons, and the survival of CNS projection and motor neurons. Here we asked whether IGF-I could promote the in vitro differentiation of postmitotic mammalian CNS neuronal precursors derived from multipotent epidermal growth factor (EGF)-responsive stem cells. In the absence of IGF-I, virtually no neurons were present in cultured stem cell progeny, whereas IGF-I increased neuron number by eight- to 40-fold. Brief exposures (2 hr) to IGF-I were sufficient to allow for neuronal differentiation without affecting proliferation or survival. IGF-I actions could be mimicked by insulin and IGF-II at concentrations that correspond to the pharmacology of the IGF-I receptor, the latter for which the mRNA was detected in undifferentiated stem cell progeny. Although ineffectual alone at low concentrations (10 nm) that would activate its own receptor, insulin was able to potentiate the actions of IGF-I by acting on mitotically active neural precursors. When neuronal precursor differentiation by IGF-I was examined in relation to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), two important observations were made: (1) BDNF could potentiate the differentiating actions of IGF-I plus insulin, and (2) BDNF could act on a separate population of precursors that did not require IGF-I plus insulin for differentiation. Taken together, these results suggest that IGF-I and BDNF may act together or sequentially to promote neuronal precursor differentiation.
Do superior colliculus projection zones in the inferior pulvinar project to MT in primates?

In order to determine the relationship of superior colliculus inputs to thalamic neurons projecting to the middle temporal visual area (MT), injections of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase were placed in the superior colliculus of three owl monkeys, with injections of Fast Blue in the MT. The locations of labelled terminals and neurons in the posterior thalamus were related to four architectonically distinct nuclei of the inferior pulvinar (Stepniewska & Kaas, Vis. Neurosci.14, pp.1043–1060, 1997). Fast Blue injections in the MT labelled neurons largely in the medial nucleus of the inferior pulvinar. A few labelled neurons were found in the adjoining central medial nucleus of the inferior pulvinar, as well as in the lateral pulvinar and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Superior colliculus inputs were most dense in the posterior and medial nuclei of the inferior pulvinar. There were sparser inputs to the central lateral nucleus of the inferior pulvinar, locations in the lateral and medial pulvinar, and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. The results indicate that the medial nucleus of the inferior pulvinar, the major projection zone to the MT, does not receive a significant input from the superior colliculus.
Extrahepatic hepatitis C virus after transplantation: Diabetes and renal dysfunction

1 Insulin resistance is associated with hepatitis C virus infection and plays a role in the progression of hepatitis C virus–related liver disease and fibrosis. 2 Treating insulin resistance and achieving glycemic control will be important for improving post–liver transplant morbidity and mortality: control of the hepatitis C virus will help to accomplish this. 3 The main renal complication of hepatitis C virus is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and this occurs most commonly in the setting of mixed cryoglobulinemia.
The hairless stem phenotype of cotton (G. barbadense) is linked to a copia-like retrotransposon insertion in homeodomain leucine zipper gene (HD1)

1. The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zheji ang Province, College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’ an, Zhejiang, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Anyang, Henan, China 3. Nanosphere, Inc, 4088 Commercial Drive, Northbrook IL, USA 4. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China 5. Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
The Formalization and Testing of Concepts of Growth Poles in a Spatial Context

This paper commences with a discussion of the formal characteristics that economic growth in a spatial setting must possess in order to be legitimately regarded as polarized growth. The conditions both for the case of a single growth pole and for the case of several growth poles are considered. A method is then outlined for determining whether or not spatially polarized growth does occur in a particular context, the method being illustrated by use of employment growth data for thirteen cities in the western United States.
Daughter cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from old mothers display a reduced life span

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae typically divides asymmetrically to give a large mother cell and a smaller daughter cell. As mother cells become old, they enlarge and produce daughter cells that are larger than daughters derived from young mother cells. We found that occasional daughter cells were indistinguishable in size from their mothers, giving rise to a symmetric division. The frequency of symmetric divisions became greater as mother cells aged and reached a maximum occurrence of 30% in mothers undergoing their last cell division. Symmetric divisions occurred similarly in rad9 and ste12 mutants. Strikingly, daughters from old mothers, whether they arose from symmetric divisions or not, displayed reduced life spans relative to daughters from young mothers. Because daughters from old mothers were larger than daughters from young mothers, we investigated whether an increased size per se shortened life span and found that it did not. These findings are consistent with a model for aging that invokes a senescence substance which accumulates in old mother cells and is inherited by their daughters.
An introduction to methodological issues when including non‐randomised studies in systematic reviews on the effects of interventions

Methods need to be further developed to include non‐randomised studies (NRS) in systematic reviews of the effects of health care interventions. NRS are often required to answer questions about harms and interventions for which evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is not available. Methods used to review randomised controlled trials may be inappropriate or insufficient for NRS.
Analysis, simulation and measurement in large-scale packet networks

The authors review analysis, simulation and measurement techniques, the three fundamental methods for performance evaluation in packet networks, looking at what's known, what's new and some outstanding issues. In trying to avoid re-reviewing material which has already been well summarised elsewhere, the authors concentrate on areas that are relatively new or possibly less generally well appreciated. So, under analysis, the focus is on models for network topologies and connectivity, and on wireless access. In the simulation section the focus is on techniques for scalable simulation for large-scale packet networks. Compared to the other two areas measurement is relatively new anyway, and more time is spent on motivation, techniques and some recently discovered limitations.
ZENO MODE CONTROL OF UNDERACTUATED MECHANICAL SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATION TO PENDUBOT STABILIZATION AROUND THE UPRIGHT POSITION

Switched control synthesis is developed for underactuated mechanical systems. In order to locally stabilize an underactuated system around an unstable equilibrium, its output is specified in such a way that the corresponding zero dynamics is locally asymptotically stable. Once such an output has been chosen, the desired stability property of the closed-loop system is provided by applying a Zeno mode controller, driving the system to the zero dynamics manifold in finite time. Although the present synthesis exhibits the Zeno behavior with an infinite number of switches on a finite time interval, it does not rely on the generation of sliding modes, while providing robustness features similar to those possessed by their sliding mode counterparts. Theoretical results are supported by a simulation study made for a Pendubot. C pyright c ©2005 IFAC
Genotyping of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in DNA Isolated from Serum Using Sequenom MassARRAY Technology

Background Large epidemiologic studies have the potential to make valuable contributions to the assessment of gene-environment interactions because they prospectively collected detailed exposure data. Some of these studies, however, have only serum or plasma samples as a low quantity source of DNA. Methods We examined whether DNA isolated from serum can be used to reliably and accurately genotype single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using Sequenom multiplex SNP genotyping technology. We genotyped 81 SNPs using samples from 158 participants in the NYU Women’s Health Study. Each participant had DNA from serum and at least one paired DNA sample isolated from a high quality source of DNA, i.e. clots and/or cell precipitates, for comparison. Results We observed that 60 of the 81 SNPs (74%) had high call frequencies (≥95%) using DNA from serum, only slightly lower than the 85% of SNPs with high call frequencies in DNA from clots or cell precipitates. Of the 57 SNPs with high call frequencies for serum, clot, and cell precipitate DNA, 54 (95%) had highly concordant (>98%) genotype calls across all three sample types. High purity was not a critical factor to successful genotyping. Conclusions Our results suggest that this multiplex SNP genotyping method can be used reliably on DNA from serum in large-scale epidemiologic studies.
NMS in the elderly–an under‐recognized problem

Since Caroff s seminal paper on neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) was published in 1980 (Caroff, 1980), there has been an expanding recognition of this potentially lethal disorder in which patients on neuroleptics develop elevated temperature, extrapyramidal symptoms, confusion, labile blood pressure, tachycardia, incontinence, diaphoresis, elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and leukocytosis (Addonizio et al., 1987). Initially, NMS was thought to be a disorder of young adults as most reported cases involved this age group. The geriatric literature remained relatively silent while cases in the elderly gradually began to mount (Addonizio, 1987). One recent review of 288 published cases reports discovered that 15% of the cases were at least 60 years old (Addonizio and Susman, 1991). While many of these were being treated with relatively large doses of neuroleptic, it was notable that some episodes of NMS were initiated by as little as 2 mg of haloperidol. All diagnostic categories were involved including Alzheimer’s disease. There are many reasons why psychogeriatricians may have been slow to recognize the occurrence of NMS in the elderly (Addonizio and Susman, 1991). Many of the individual signs and symptoms of NMS are frequently observed in geriatric patients and may not raise the same red flag that they would in a young population. Rigidity and tremor, essential signs of NMS, may incorrectly be ascribed to Parkinson’s disease or parkinsonian symptoms in a patient with a degenerative dementia. In the same vein, confusion may too easily be seen purely as an element of dementia. While incontinence is fairly uncommon in young adults, it is often seen in the elderly and may not arouse any suspicion. As thermoregulation may be impaired in the older patient (Collins, 1985), difficulty in developing a very high temperature may make NMS less apparent. Diaphoresis, a common feature of NMS, may not be so dramatic in the elderly, who may not be able to sweat profusely under-recognized problem
The treatment of microscopic residual ovarian cancer with intraperitoneal interferon: a clinical and flow cytometric study

A 29-year-old woman presented in 1981 with post-coital bleeding and an abnormal smear. Colposcopy was negative and a diagnostic cone biopsy was performed. Histology of the specimen revealed a well differentiated Stage la papillary adenocarcinoma of the cervix which was treated by extended total abdominal hysterectomy; both ovaries were preserved. In February, 1988, a mass at the vaginal vault was noted at routine follow-up. At laparotomy, a mobile 10 cm x 12 cm right ovarian tumour was found. Frozen section examination of the neoplasm suggested a primary serous papillary adenocarcinoma; this was later confirmed on paraffin sections. A radical oophorectomy, consisting of a bilateral salpingo-ophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy, multiple biopsies and washings, was carried out. Peritoneal washings taken at the time of laparotomy contained adenocarcinoma cells, but diaphragmatic brushings were negative. The tumour was staged as Stage l c according to the FIG0 criteria. Comparison with sections from the cone biopsy in 198 1 did not suggest concordance between the two tumours. Intermittent chlorambucil(l0 mg/day) was given for a total of 12 weeks, but although at subsequent laparoscopy no macroscopic abnormality was identified, peritoneal washings were again positive. After five cycles of intraperitoneal carboplatin (400 mg/m’ every 4 weeks), peritoneal washings still contained malignant cells. Laparoscopy was otherwise normal, as were abdominal and pelvic CT scans. In August, 1989, she began treatment with intraperitoneal a 2 interferon (Intron A, Kirby-Warwick). Fifty million units were instilled in 1 . 5 litres of warmed dialysate via a Tenchkoff catheter, weekly for 16 weeks. Before each course of treatment peritoneal washings were taken for cytological and flow cytometric examination. Toxicity predominantly consisted of influenza-like symptoms: fever, fatigue and muscular aches. While most of these symptoms abated within 72 h each week, fatigue persisted