Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
D G ] 2 0 D ec 2 00 1 Attaching handles to Bryant surfaces

1 Introduction Complete minimal surfaces and constant mean curvature surfaces in Euclidean or hyperbolic space have been the object of much attention in recent years and particular efforts have been devoted in understanding the moduli space of such surfaces. More precisely, the surfaces we are interested in are complete, noncompact surfaces which may or may not be embedded but enjoy the somehow weaker, and slightly different, property to be Alexandrov embedded (since we do not need this notion later on in the paper, we simply refer to [6] or [11] for a precise definition of Alexandrov embeddedness). In the case of minimal surfaces of the Euclidean 3-space R 3 , a fairly good picture of the space of complete Alexandrov embedded minimal surfaces with finite total curvature is now available. We will denote by g the genus of such a surface and by n its number of ends, which are all known to be of catenoidal type [6]. To begin with, we can use the Weierstrass representation theory to obtain the existence of these surfaces for any number of ends n ≥ 2, when the genus is 0 [12], [14], and also to obtain some examples for higher genus [2]. Let us also mention the recent result of S.D. Yang which provides a wealth of new examples be settling a connected sum theory for these surfaces. This construction allows one to add as many ends as one wants to a given minimal surface and also to connect sum any two of such surfaces. However, and to our knowledge, it is not known whether such minimal surfaces always exist for any number of ends n ≥ 2 and any genus g ≥ 1, though these surfaces are conjectured to exist. C.P. Cosin and A. Ros have completed the classification of these minimal surfaces when all the ends have their axis in the same plane and when the genus is 0. Finally, let us mention that J. Perez and A. Ros have determined the structure of the moduli space of these surfaces [26]. In the case of complete Alexandrov embedded constant mean curvature surfaces in the Eu-clidean 3-space R 3 , beside the well known one parameter family of surfaces obtained by Delaunay [7] in the middle of the nineteenth century, examples have been obtained by N. Kapouleas [13], K. Grosse-Brauckmann [10] and R. Mazzeo and F. Pacard [19]. Let us also …
Robotic Simulation of the Docking and Path Following of an Autonomous Small Grain Harvesting System

Researchers around the world have focused on autonomous agriculture, with systems encompassing greenhouse, orchard, field and other applications. Research has shown the potential and ability of the technology to allow a vehicle or selection of vehicles to follow a specified task. In this study, one aspect of the problem, that of operating a tractor-cart combination in conjunction with a small-grain combine harvester, was investigated. The tractor-cart combination and combine harvester application was selected because of the high fatigue and long duration aspects of the problem. The system was simulated using two iRobot Magellan Pro robots in an indoor environment. The differential drive robots were software constrained to match the dynamics of typical agricultural vehicles. Position feedback was supplied by odometry. A small towed trailer was added to one robot to simulate a typical grain cart.
Prediction of heart disease using a hybrid technique in data mining classification

Heart disease prediction is treated as most complicated task in the field of medical sciences. Thus there arises a need to develop a decision support system for detecting heart disease of a patient. In this paper, we propose efficient genetic algorithm hybrid with the back propagation technique approach for heart disease prediction. Today medical field have come a long way to treat patients with various kind of diseases. Among the most threatening one is the Heart disease which cannot be observed with a naked eye and comes instantly when its limitations are reached. Bad clinical decisions would cause death of a patient which cannot be afforded by any hospital. To achieve a correct and cost effective treatment computer-based and support Systems can be developed to make good decision. Many hospitals use hospital information systems to manage their healthcare or patient data. These systems produce huge amounts of data in the form of images, text, charts and numbers. Sadly, this data is rarely used to support the medical decision making. There is a bulk of hidden information in this data that is not yet explored which give rise to an important query of how to make useful information out of the data. So there is necessity of creating an excellent project which will help practitioners predict the heart disease before it occurs. The main objective of this paper is to develop a prototype which can determine and extract unknown knowledge (patterns and relations) related with heart disease from a past heart disease database record. It can solve complicated queries for detecting heart disease and thus assist medical practitioners to make smart clinical decisions which traditional decision support systems were not able to. By providing efficient treatments, it can help to reduce costs of treatment.
A hyperluminous galaxy at z = 2.8 found in a deep submillimetre survey

We present a detailed study of SMM 02399–0136, a hyperluminous, active galaxy selected from a submm survey of the distant Universe. This galaxy is the brightest source in the fields of six rich, lensing clusters, with a total area of 0.01 deg2, that we have mapped with a sensitivity of ∼ 2 mJy beam−1 at 850 μm. We identify a compact optical counterpart with an apparent magnitude of B ∼ 23 and a low surface-brightness companion ∼ 3 arcsec away. Our spectroscopy shows that both components have the same redshift; z = 2.803 ± 0.003. The emission line widths, FWHM ≃ 1000–1500 km s−1, and line ratios, along with the compact morphology and high luminosity (MB ≃ −24.0) of the galaxy, indicate that SMM 02399–0136 contains a rare dust-embedded, narrow-line or type-2 active galactic nucleus (AGN). The source is gravitationally lensed by the foreground cluster, amplifying its apparent luminosity by a factor of 2.5, and our detailed lens model allows us to accurately correct for this. Taking the amplification into account, we estimate that SMM 02399–0136 is intrinsically a factor of five times more luminous than IRAS F 10214+4724. Its far-infrared (FIR) and Hα luminosities and low surface-brightness radio emission are indicative of an interaction-induced starburst, and the star formation rate (SFR) could be several thousand solar masses per year. This assumes that the starburst is the dominant source of energy, but we cannot yet determine reliably the relative contributions of the starburst and the buried AGN. A dust mass of 5–7 × 108 M⊙ is indicated by our data for a dust temperature of 40–50 K, independent of the dominant energy source. We estimate the possible space density of such luminous submm sources, and find that while a large population of these obscured sources could be detected in future wide-field submm surveys, they are unlikely to dominate the faint counts in this waveband. Galaxies such as SMM 02399–0136 and F 10214+4724 cannot easily be detected in conventional AGN/QSO surveys, and so estimates of the prevalence of AGN in the early Universe may require significant revision.
Decoction and Fermentation of Selected Medicinal Herbs Promote Hair Regrowth by Inducing Hair Follicle Growth in Conjunction with Wnts Signaling

It is well recognized that regulating the hair follicle cycle in association with Wnt signaling is one of the most interesting targets for promoting hair regrowth. In this study, we examined whether selected herbal medicines processed by decoction and fermentation promote hair growth by upregulating the number and size of hair follicles and Wnt signaling, including activation of β-catenin and Akt in telogen-synchronized C57BL/6N mice. The results revealed that the fermented extract after decoction (FDE) more effectively promoted hair growth than that of a nonfermented extract (DE). Notably, FDE effectively enhanced formation of hair follicles with clearer differentiation between the inner and outer root sheath, which is observed during the anagen phase. Mechanistic evidence was found for increased β-catenin and Akt phosphorylation levels in dorsal skin tissue along with elevated expression of hair regrowth-related genes, such as Wnt3/10a/10b, Lef1, and fibroblast growth factor 7. In conclusion, our findings suggest that FDE plays an important role in regulating the hair cycle by increasing expression of hair regrowth-related genes and activating downstream Wnt signaling targets.
Touch-Aware Communication for Portable Devices

We have constructed an electronic circuit that makes a device touch-aware: it can communicate with a user’s wearable device if the user completes an electric circuit by touching it. Touch-aware devices are useful in ubiquitous computing environments for distinguishing between multiple individuals and devices. Our design is inspired by recent work by Zimmerman and by Matsushita in intrabody signaling. We have augmented our original transceiver with a vibration sensor to avoid spurious communication when a device is not touched. Our experiments show 1) that the vibration sensor prevents most spurious communication, and 2) that a handshaking protocol we designed can be effective for distinguishing multiple people.
Age-Specific Epigenetic Drift in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease

Despite an enormous research effort, most cases of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) still remain unexplained and the current biomedical science is still a long way from the ultimate goal of revealing clear risk factors that can help in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the disease. Current theories about the development of LOAD hinge on the premise that Alzheimer's arises mainly from heritable causes. Yet, the complex, non-Mendelian disease etiology suggests that an epigenetic component could be involved. Using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in post-mortem brain samples and lymphocytes, we have performed an analysis of DNA methylation across 12 potential Alzheimer's susceptibility loci. In the LOAD brain samples we identified a notably age-specific epigenetic drift, supporting a potential role of epigenetic effects in the development of the disease. Additionally, we found that some genes that participate in amyloid-β processing (PSEN1, APOE) and methylation homeostasis (MTHFR, DNMT1) show a significant interindividual epigenetic variability, which may contribute to LOAD predisposition. The APOE gene was found to be of bimodal structure, with a hypomethylated CpG-poor promoter and a fully methylated 3′-CpG-island, that contains the sequences for the ε4-haplotype, which is the only undisputed genetic risk factor for LOAD. Aberrant epigenetic control in this CpG-island may contribute to LOAD pathology. We propose that epigenetic drift is likely to be a substantial mechanism predisposing individuals to LOAD and contributing to the course of disease.
An Approach for Solving Systems of Parametric Polynomial Equations

1.1 Abstract An approach for solving nonlinear polynomial equations involving parameters is proposed. A distinction is made between parameters and variables. The objective is to generate from a system of parametric equations, solved forms from which solutions for speciic values of parameters can be obtained without much additional computations. It should be possible to analyze the parametrized solved forms so that it can be determined for diierent parameter values whether there are in-nitely many solutions, nitely many solutions, or no solutions at all. The approach is illustrated for two diierent symbolic methods for solving parametric equations { Grr obner basis computations and characteristic set computations. These methods are illustrated on a number of examples. Many complex phenomena can be modeled using nonlinear polynomial equations. Examples include imaging transformations in computer vision , computing geometric invariants, geometric and solid modeling, constraint-based modeling, reasoning about geometry problems, properties of chemical equilibrium, kinematics, robotics; an interested reader may consult 13, 14, 7, 5] for many examples. Variables in these equations can be classiied into two subsets: independent variables and dependent variables. Independent variables often correspond to input to a phenomenon or the features of a physical subsystem in a phenomenon. Henceforth, independent variables will also be called parameters; dependent variables will be called just variables. For diierent parameter values, dependent variables have diierent behavior. A designer is usually interested in studying the phenomenon on a wide range of parameter
The Promise of Integrins as Effective Targets for Anticancer Agents

This review will briefly describe integrin function, address why integrins are attractive targets for chemotherapeutic drug design, and discuss some ongoing studies aimed at inhibiting integrin activity. Integrins are cell surface heterodimeric receptors. They modulate many cellular processes including: growth, death (apoptosis), adhesion, migration, and invasion by activating several signaling pathways. Many potential chemotherapeutic agents target integrins directly (eg, polypeptides, monoclonal antibodies, adenovirus vectors). These agents may be clinically useful in controlling the metastatic spread of cancer.
Comparison of Boolean Satisfiability Encodings on FPGA Detailed Routing Problems

We compare 12 new encodings for representing of FPGA detailed routing problems as equivalent Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problems against the only 2 previously used encodings. We also consider two symmetry-breaking heuristics. Compared to other methods for FPGA detailed routing, SAT-based approaches have the advantage that they can prove the unroutability of a global routing for a particular number of tracks per channel, and that they consider all nets simultaneously. The experiments were run on the standard MCNC benchmarks. The combination of one new encoding with a new symmetry-breaking heuristic resulted in speedup of 3 orders of magnitude or 1,139x of the total execution time on the collection of benchmarks, when proving the unroutability of FPGA global routings. The maximum obtained speedup was 9,499x on an individual benchmark. On the other hand, most of the encodings had comparable and very efficient performance when finding solutions for configurations that were routable. The availability of many SAT encodings, that can each be combined with various symmetry-breaking heuristics, opens the possibility to design portfolios of parallel strategies - each a combination of a SAT encoding and a symmetry- breaking heuristic - that can be run in parallel on different cores of a multicore CPU in order to reduce the solution time, with the rest of the runs terminated as soon as one of them returns an answer. We found that a portfolio of three particular parallel strategies produced additional speedup of more than 2x.
Activity Recognition from Mobile Phone Data : State of the Art , Prospects and Open Problems

Activity recognition aims to automatically determine what people do from a series of observations. With several billion subscribers and multiple sensors, the mobile phone is an obvious opportunity for activity recognition. We give an overview of mobile-phone-based activity recognition along two directions – recognised activities and inference techniques. We show that existing systems can be classified in two categories depending on whether they are locationor motion-driven. A new generation of smartphones is inspiring many research efforts. However, the current framework for mobile-phone-based activity recognition has reached certain limits. We anticipate changes in the field and identify obstacles to further development.
A Developmental Approach for Integrated Architectures

In this paper a new proposal of architecture for autonomous systems is discussed. This architecture shows most characteristics of situated systems: reactivity , environmental interaction, animate perception, etc., but it shifts the meaning of learning from an \adaptation to the environment" to a \develop-ment in the environment". Structurally, the architecture evolves from three basic kinds of elements: sensors, actuators and instincts. The development consists in the hierarchical creation of new elements useful for problem solving and reusable in order to learn new ones. In the paper, the architecture mechanisms of problem solving and learning are discussed and the basic elements of the architecture are showed in detail.
Optimal Fixed-Size Controllers for Decentralized POMDPs

Solving decentralized partially observable Markov decision processes (DEC-POMDPs) is a diﬃcult task. Exact solutions are intractable in all but the smallest problems and approximate solutions provide limited optimality guarantees. As a more principled alternative, we present a novel formulation of an optimal ﬁxed-size solution of a DEC-POMDP as a nonlinear program. We discuss the beneﬁts of this representation and evaluate several optimization methods. While the methods used in this paper only guarantee locally optimal solutions, a wide range of powerful nonlinear optimization techniques may now be applied to this problem. We show that by using our formulation in various domains, solution quality is higher than a current state-of-the-art approach. These results show that optimization can be used to provide high quality solutions to DEC-POMDPs while maintaining moderate memory and time usage.
Caspar: Hardware patching for multicore processors

Ensuring correctness of execution of complex multi-core processor systems deployed in the field remains to this day an extremely challenging task. The major part of this effort is concentrated on design verification, where different pre- and post-silicon techniques are used to guarantee that devices behave exactly as stated in the specification. Unfortunately, the performance of even state-of-the-art validation tools lags behind the growing complexity of multi-core designs. Therefore, subtle bugs still slip into released components, causing incorrect computational results, or even compromising the security of the end-user systems. In this work we present Caspar - an approach for in-the-field patching of the memory subsystem hardware in multi-core chips. Caspar relies on a checkpointing system, which periodically logs the state of the chip, and a novel error detection and recovery scheme, which uses a simplified mode of operation to bypass cache coherence and consistency errors. The implementation of Caspar employs hardware detectors: on-die programmable circuits to identify system's configurations that may lead to bugs, and to trigger recovery and bypass. Our experimental results show that Caspar can be used effectively to detect and bypass a variety of memory subsystem bugs, with as little as 2% performance impact and 6% area overhead during bug-free operation.
Fibroblast growth factor 10 upregulates the expression of mucins in rat conjunctival epithelial cells

Purpose This in vitro study aimed to gain insight into the function of fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) on the ocular surface, especially its effect on mRNA expression of the mucins Muc1, Muc4, and Muc5ac, and mucin protein synthesis. Methods We isolated primary cultured rat conjunctival epithelial cells (Cj-ECs) and treated them with FGF10 (1 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml, and 200 ng/ml) and basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2; 10 ng/ml) for 24 h or 48 h. The proliferation of Cj-ECs was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS). mRNA levels of Muc1, Muc4, and Muc5ac were determined by real-time PCR. Synthesis levels of MUC1 and MUC4 were measured by western blot. Flow cytometry and Annexin V/PI double staining revealed degrees of apoptosis. Results In primary culture, the epithelial cells were compact and cobblestone pavement in shape. Most of the cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK). FGF10 and FGF2 significantly stimulated Muc1, Muc4, and Muc5ac mRNA expression, cell proliferation, and synthesis of MUC1 and MUC4 proteins. FGF10 was more potent than FGF2 in these regards. FGF10 did not restrain the apoptosis of Cj-ECs. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated that FGF10 is associated with the promotion of Cj-EC proliferation and mucin production. The effects of FGF10 on Cj-ECs support a rationale to investigate its therapeutic potential for ocular surface diseases.
Why bother with writers? Towards "good enough" technologies for supporting individuals with dyslexia

Existing technological solutions to aid writing do not consider how the text is produced.Most available tools are targeting a final product and the correctness of this product, and often fail to support the production of the text. Popular alternatives such as LaTeXmay help the writer to focus on the text, and are one step towards separating writing and formatting. However, there is no explicit support for writing flow. The system needs to consider when a writer needs feedback. No writer likes to be interrupted when searching for an expression, or finishing a sentence or a phrase. However spell checkers do not wait until a writer has finished a sentence before a spelling error is underlined with red. This is related to another problem; the abundance of negative feedback and a matching scarcity of positive feedback given by spell checkers. We argue that the potential for development of writing skills is not currently supported by existing tools, and this may be a serious shortcoming for people with Specific Learning Disabilities (sld) associated with reading and writing. In a broad sense, writing always has involved technology. The term technology—originating from the Greek word Techne, “craftsmanship”—has been applied to historical phenomena that span from the introduction of the alphabet to digital solutions that underlie writing tools. The digital age has put forwardnewpossibilities for the support of writing,mainly throughoptions linked to digital word processors. Word processing makes changing and revising text a much easier and less costly activity. However, there has been a tendency for the design anddevelopment of digitalwriter-support tools to be drivenbywhat technologypermits rather thanwhatwritersneed.Dixonet al. (2004, chapter 4) discuss this in relation to computer interfaces for text production. The wysiwyg has become themodel for directmanipulation interface that arguably has design advantages as well as psychological advantages, but for text production it puts quite high expectations on the user for understanding and handling the