Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Elemental characterization of bronze age copper objects by micro-beam measurements

Investigations on the composition of Bronze Age objects recovered from sites in Romania were performed by Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Fluorescence and microParticle Induced X-ray Emission, to compare their elemental patterns with previous results on regional copper sources from Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania. We discuss elemental composition, correlation and profiles in relation with the possible origin of the copper used and the metallic microstructure.
Gated Recurrent Neural Network with Tensor Product

In the machine learning fields, Recurrent Neural Network (RNNs) has become a primary choice for modeling sequential data such as text, speech, etc. To deal with long-term dependency in the long sequence, RNN utlizes gating mechanism to improve the gradient flow between multiple time-steps and avoid exploding/vanishing gradient problem. In the other hand, we would like to improve the representation power from RNN by using more expressive operation compared to standard matrix multiplication and summation. In this paper, we proposed a new RNN architecture with gating mechanism and tensor product between an input layer, a previous hidden layer, and a 3-rd rank tensor weight and we called it as gated recurrent neural tensor network (GRURNTN).
Functional Maximum Autocorrelation Factors

Purpose. We aim at data where samples of an underlying function are observed in a spatial or temporal layout. Examples of underlying functions are reflectance spectra and biological shapes. We apply functional models based on smoothing splines and generalize the functional PCA in [2] to functional maximum autocorrelation factors (MAF) [3, 1]. We apply the method to biological shapes as well as reflectance spectra.
Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Hydrogen Inhalation in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Single-Arm, Retrospective Study

Aim To evaluate the real-life effectiveness and safety of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving hydrogen inhalation (HI) treatment as a supplementary treatment. Methods This retrospective, multicenter, observational 6-months clinical study included T2DM patients maintaining HI, visited at 4 time points. The primary outcome is the mean change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at the end of the study compared to baseline. The secondary outcome is analyzing the mean change of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), weight, lipid profile, insulin dose and homeostasis model assessment. Linear regression and logistics regression are applied to evaluate the effect of HI after the treatment. Results Of the 431 patients comprised, it is observed a significant decrease in HbA1c level (9.04±0.82% at baseline to 8.30±0.99% and 8.00±0.80% at the end, p<0.001), FPG (165.6±40.2 mg/dL at baseline to 157.1±36.3mg/dL and 143.6±32.3mg/dL at the end, p<0.001), weight (74.7±7.1kg at baseline to 74.8±10.0kg and 73.6±8.1kg at the end, p<0.001), insulin dose (49.3±10.8U/d at baseline to 46.7±8.0U/d and 45.2±8.7U/d, p<0.001). The individuals in subgroup with higher baseline HbA1c and longer daily HI time duration gain greater HbA1c decrease after 6 months. Linear regression shows that higher baseline HbA1c level and shorter diabetes duration are significantly in relation to greater HbA1c reduction. Logistics regression reveals that lower weight is associated with a higher possibility of reaching HbA1c<7%. The most common adverse event is hypoglycemia. Conclusion HI therapy significantly improves glycemic control, weight, insulin dose, lipid metabolism, β-cell function and insulin resistance of patients with type 2 diabetes after 6 months. Higher baseline HbA1c level and shorter diabetes duration is related to greater clinical response to HI.
ARIMA Model in Predicting Banking Stock Market Data

Banking time series forecasting gains a main rule in finance and economics which has encouraged the researchers to introduce a fit models in forecasting accuracy. In this paper, the researchers present the advantages of the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model forecasting accuracy. Banking data from Amman stock market (ASE) in Jordan was selected as a tool to show the ability of ARIMA in forecasting banking data. Therefore, Daily data from 1993 until 2017 is used for this study. As a result this article shows that the ARIMA model has significant results for short-term prediction. Therefore, these results will be helpful for the investments.
Mitigation Solutions for the Magnetic Field Produced by MFDC Spot Welding Guns

Among the different welding technologies, portable welding guns are one of the most critical devices in relation to human exposure to electromagnetic fields. This paper focuses on medium frequency (MF) direct current guns proposing two actions aimed to the mitigation of the magnetic field generated during the welding process. The first action consists in the adoption of a passive shield for the on-board MF transformer. The analysis points out that the transformer alone produces a magnetic field that can exceed the prescribed limits. Therefore, a suitable mitigation system is identified. The second action aims to mitigate the predominant magnetic field that is generated by the electrodes of the welding gun. The analysis of the field waveforms shows that the rise time of the welding current pulse is the main parameter affecting the exposure index. The effect of the increase of the rise time is investigated through experimental and numerical analyses. The results prove that a small increase of the rise time causes a significant reduction of the exposure level. It is noteworthy that the two mitigation actions can be adopted on both existing and newly developed welding guns as they do not require any structural modification of the welding device.
Enhancement of Performance and Energy Efficiency of Air Conditioning System Using Evaporatively Cooled Condensers

ABSTRACT This paper presents an experimental investigation of the reduction of energy consumption in a split air-conditioning system employing evaporative cooling of ambient air flowing over the condenser coil. Direct evaporative cooling is employed at the air-cooled condenser of a split air-conditioning system to cool the air flowing over the condenser coils. Different ambient conditions of air were simulated using a heater to mimic typical high temperature environments. The effect of the cooling pad thickness on the performance of the system was investigated by varying the pad thickness from 5 cm to 15 cm in step size of 5 cm. Result shows that the temperature drop experienced by the air is dependent on the thickness of the pad, as well as the condition of the inlet air to the pad. Conditions of the exit air from the pad shows that evaporative cooling can be employed as a stand-alone method for cooling of data centers, with adequate humidity control systems in place, or its output can be used to augment the performance of existing mechanical cooling systems. A decrease in power consumption of the unit is observed, with concomitant increase in coefficient of performance (COP). In addition, results obtained show that up to 44% increase in COP, and a 20% decrease in power consumption can be achieved by employing evaporative cooling. Additionally, the COP was found to increase by about 4% for every 1°C drop in refrigerant condensing temperature. Moreover, a 1°C drop in ambient air temperature causes a drop of 0.6°C in condensing temperature of the refrigerant.
Reprogramming of PD-1+ M2-like tumor-associated macrophages with anti–PD-L1 and lenalidomide in cutaneous T cell lymphoma

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a disfiguring and incurable disease characterized by skin-homing malignant T cells surrounded by immune cells that promote CTCL growth through an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Preliminary data from our phase I clinical trial of anti–programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti–PD-L1) combined with lenalidomide in patients with relapsed/refractory CTCL demonstrated promising clinical efficacy. In the current study, we analyzed the CTCL TME, which revealed a predominant PD-1+ M2-like tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) subtype with upregulated NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways and an aberrant cytokine and chemokine profile. Our in vitro studies investigated the effects of anti–PD-L1 and lenalidomide on PD-1+ M2-like TAMs. The combinatorial treatment synergistically induced functional transformation of PD-1+ M2-like TAMs toward a proinflammatory M1-like phenotype that gained phagocytic activity upon NF-κB and JAK/STAT inhibition, altered their migration through chemokine receptor alterations, and stimulated effector T cell proliferation. Lenalidomide was more effective than anti–PD-L1 in downregulation of the immunosuppressive IL-10, leading to decreased expression of both PD-1 and PD-L1. Overall, PD-1+ M2-like TAMs play an immunosuppressive role in CTCL. Anti–PD-L1 combined with lenalidomide provides a therapeutic strategy to enhance antitumor immunity by targeting PD-1+ M2-like TAMs in the CTCL TME.
Boundedness of Solutions to a Parabolic-Elliptic Keller–Segel Equation in ℝ2 with Critical Mass

Abstract We consider the Cauchy problem for a parabolic-elliptic system in ℝ2{\mathbb{R}^{2}}, called the parabolic-elliptic Keller–Segel equation, which appears in various fields in biology and physics. In the critical mass case where the total mass of the initial data is 8⁢π{8\pi}, the unboundedness of nonnegative solutions to the Cauchy problem was shown by Blanchet, Carrillo and Masmoudi [7] under some conditions on the initial data, on the other hand, conditions for boundedness were given by Blanchet, Carlen and Carrillo [6] and López-Gómez, Nagai and Yamada [23]. In this paper, we investigate further the boundedness of nonnegative solutions.
Effect of sotagliflozin on albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease

Albuminuria in patients with/without diabetes is associated with risk for adverse renal and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT)2 inhibitors reduce albuminuria and risk of CV and kidneyrelated outcomes. In the SCORED trial, the dual SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibitor, sotagliflozin, significantly reduced risk of CV outcomes in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This treatment was associated with a non-significant reduction (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46, 1.08) in the prespecified kidneyrelated composite endpoint, probably attributable to the small event numbers during the abbreviated follow-up period. The effect of sotagliflozin on albuminuria has not been assessed in SCORED. In post hoc analyses, the aim was to determine the effect of sotagliflozin on urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) andUACR-related outcomes in patientswith T2DandCKD.
The locus of curves with Dn-symmetry inside Mg

The aim of this paper is to determine the irreducible components of Mg(Dn) ,t he locus inside Mg of the curves admitting an effective action by the dihedral group Dn . T his is done by classifying pairs (H, H � ) of distinct subgroups of the mapping class group Mapg, such that both H and Hare isomorphic toDn and the fixed point locus of H inside the Teichmuller space Tg is contained in the fixed point locus of H � .
Modelling the distinct roles of epithelial and stromal androgen receptor in the regulation of prostate epithelial dynamics

The prostate is an androgen‐responsive organ, but the complex cellular and molecular interactions that mediate these responses remain incompletely defined. Here, I synthesise the existing literature to derive a simple conceptual framework describing the androgen‐dependent regulation of prostate epithelial dynamics. In this framework, epithelial androgen receptor (AR) cell‐autonomously controls luminal cell height, whereas stromal AR regulates the synthesis of growth factors that promote luminal cell survival and proliferation. With the additional aid of a reanalysis of single‐cell RNA‐seq data, I also propose that insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF1) functions as a key androgen‐dependent growth factor coordinating stromal‐to‐epithelial paracrine communication. A novel mathematical model based on this framework was able to quantitatively fit experimental data describing prostate regression and regeneration. Model analysis demonstrates how the luminal cell population can maintain a stable equilibrium size via competition for and degradation of stroma‐derived IGF1 and how this population size can be controlled by androgen levels, without a requirement for distinct luminal cell subsets. Moreover, model simulations were able to qualitatively recapitulate experimental observations in inflammatory and cancerous states, thereby providing insights into potential disease mechanisms. This simple model could therefore serve as a foundation for more comprehensive modelling of both the healthy and diseased prostate.
Polyploidy-associated autophagy promotes larval tracheal histolysis at Drosophila metamorphosis

ABSTRACT Polyploidy is an extended phenomenon in biology. However, its physiological significance and whether it defines specific cell behaviors is not well understood. Here we study its connection to macroautophagy/autophagy, using the larval respiratory system of Drosophila as a model. This system comprises cells with the same function yet with notably different ploidy status, namely diploid progenitors and their polyploid larval counterparts, the latter destined to die during metamorphosis. We identified an association between polyploidy and autophagy and found that higher endoreplication status correlates with elevated autophagy. Finally, we report that tissue histolysis in the trachea during Drosophila metamorphosis is mediated by autophagy, which triggers the apoptosis of polyploid cells. Abbreviations: APF: after pupa formation; Atg: autophagy related; btl: breathless; CycE: Cyclin E; DT: dorsal trunk; fzr: fizzy-related; L3: larval stage 3; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; RI: RNAi; Tr: tracheal metamere; yki: yorkie.
Calreticulin: Endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ gatekeeper

Abstract Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal Ca2+ is vital for the function of the ER and regulates many cellular processes. Calreticulin is a highly conserved, ER‐resident Ca2+ binding protein and lectin‐like chaperone. Over four decades of studying calreticulin demonstrate that this protein plays a crucial role in maintaining Ca2+ supply under different physiological conditions, in managing access to Ca2+ and how Ca2+ is used depending on the environmental events and in making sure that Ca2+ is not misused. Calreticulin plays a role of ER luminal Ca2+ sensor to manage Ca2+‐dependent ER luminal events including maintaining interaction with its partners, Ca2+ handling molecules, substrates and stress sensors. The protein is strategically positioned in the lumen of the ER from where the protein manages access to and distribution of Ca2+ for many cellular Ca2+‐signalling events. The importance of calreticulin Ca2+ pool extends beyond the ER and includes influence of cellular processes involved in many aspects of cellular pathophysiology. Abnormal handling of the ER Ca2+ contributes to many pathologies from heart failure to neurodegeneration and metabolic diseases.
Orbit Determination of KOMPSAT-1 and Cryosat-2 Satellites Using Optical Wide-field Patrol Network (OWL-Net) Data with Batch Least Squares Filter

The optical wide-field patrol network (OWL-Net) is a Korean optical surveillance system that tracks and monitors domestic satellites. In this study, a batch least squares algorithm was developed for optical measurements and verified by Monte Carlo simulation and covariance analysis. Potential error sources of OWL-Net, such as noise, bias, and clock errors, were analyzed. There is a linear relation between the estimation accuracy and the noise level, and the accuracy significantly depends on the declination bias. In addition, the time-tagging error significantly degrades the observation accuracy, while the time-synchronization offset corresponds to the orbital motion. The Cartesian state vector and measurement bias were determined using the OWL-Net tracking data of the KOMPSAT-1 and Cryosat-2 satellites. The comparison with known orbital information based on two-line elements (TLE) and the consolidated prediction format (CPF) shows that the orbit determination accuracy is similar to that of TLE. Furthermore, the precision and accuracy of OWL-Net observation data were determined to be tens of arcsec and sub-degree level, respectively.
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Clinical Mastitis-Associated Escherichia coli Strains, of Sequence Type 101 and Novel Sequence Type 13054, Isolated from Dairy Cows in Bangladesh

Here, we report the draft genome sequences of two Escherichia coli strains that were isolated from raw milk samples obtained from lactating cows with mastitis in Bangladesh. One strain was assigned to a novel sequence type 13054, and the other strain belonged to sequence type 101. ABSTRACT Here, we report the draft genome sequences of two Escherichia coli strains that were isolated from raw milk samples obtained from lactating cows with mastitis in Bangladesh. One strain was assigned to a novel sequence type 13054, and the other strain belonged to sequence type 101.
Predictors of diagnostic conversion from major depression to bipolar disorder: a Swedish national longitudinal study

Abstract Background It is clinically important to predict the conversion of major depression (MD) to bipolar disorder (BD). Therefore, we sought to identify related conversion rates and risk factors. Methods This cohort study included the Swedish population born from 1941 onward. Data were collected from Swedish population-based registers. Potential risk factors, including family genetic risk scores (FGRS), which were calculated based on the phenotypes of relatives in the extended family and not molecular data, and demographic/clinical characteristics from these registers were retrieved. Those with first MD registrations from 2006 were followed up until 2018. The conversion rate to BD and related risk factors were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. Additional analyses were performed for late converters and with stratification by sex. Results The cumulative incidence of conversion was 5.84% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 5.72–5.96] for 13 years. In the multivariable analysis, the strongest risk factors for conversion were high FGRS of BD [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.73, 95% CI 2.43–3.08], inpatient treatment settings (HR = 2.64, 95% CI 2.44–2.84), and psychotic depression (HR = 2.58, 95% CI 2.14–3.11). For late converters, the first registration of MD during the teenage years was a stronger risk factor when compared with the baseline model. When the interactions between risk factors and sex were significant, stratification by sex revealed that they were more predictive in females. Conclusions Family history of BD, inpatient treatment, and psychotic symptoms were the strongest predictors of conversion from MD to BD.
Characteristics of white matter alterations along fibres in patients with bulimia nervosa: A combined voxelwise and tractography study

Accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that white matter (WM) abnormalities are involved in the pathophysiology of bulimia nervosa (BN); however, findings from in vivo neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the possible brain WM alterations, including WM volume and microstructure, in patients with BN. We recruited 43 BN patients and 31 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent structural and diffusion tensor imaging. Differences in WM volume and microstructure were evaluated using voxel‐based morphometry, tract‐based spatial statistics, and automated fibre quantification analysis. Compared with HCs, BN patients showed significantly decreased fractional anisotropy in the middle part of the corpus callosum (nodes 31–32) and increased mean diffusivity in the right cranial nerve V (CN V) (nodes 27–33 and nodes 55–88) and vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF) (nodes 58–85). Moreover, we found decreased axial diffusivity in the right inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus (node 67) and increased radial diffusivity in the CN V (nodes 22–34 and nodes 52–89) and left VOF (nodes 60–66 and nodes 81–85). Meanwhile, WM microstructural changes were correlated with patients' clinical manifestations. We did not find any significant differences in WM volume and the main WM fibre bundle properties between BN patients and HCs. Taken together, these findings provide that BN shows significant brain WM reorganization, but primarily in microstructure (part of WM fibre bundle), which is not sufficient to cause changes in WM volume. The automated fibre quantification analysis could be more sensitive to detect the subtle pathological changes in a point or segment of the WM fibre bundle.
Laplacian magic windows

A transparent sheet, flat to unaided vision but with a gentle surface relief, can concentrate light onto a screen with intensity reproducing any desired image: the sheet is a ‘magic window’. When the ray deflections are sufficiently small that there are no caustics between the window and the screen, the image intensity is the Laplacian function of the relief height function—a very simple approximation to general freeform optics. Therefore the desired relief is obtained by solving Poisson’s equation. Numerical simulations indicate that the Laplacian image approximation will apply to realistic situations.
Gallium nitride vertical power devices on foreign substrates: a review and outlook

Vertical gallium nitride (GaN) power devices have attracted increased attention due to their superior high-voltage and high-current capacity as well as easier thermal management than lateral GaN high electron mobility transistors. Vertical GaN devices are promising candidates for next-generation power electronics in electric vehicles, data centers, smart grids and renewable energy process. The use of low-cost foreign substrates such as silicon (Si) substrates, instead of the expensive free-standing GaN substrates, could greatly trim material cost and enable large-diameter wafer processing while maintaining high device performance. This review illustrates recent progress in material epitaxy, device design, device physics and processing technologies for the development of vertical GaN power devices on low-cost foreign substrates. Although the device technologies are still at the early stage of development, state-of-the-art vertical GaN-on-Si power diodes have already shown superior Baliga’s figure of merit than commercial SiC and Si power devices at the voltage classes beyond 600 V. Furthermore, we unveil the design space of vertical GaN power devices on native and different foreign substrates, from the analysis of the impact of dislocation and defects on device performance. We conclude by identifying the application space, current challenges and exciting research opportunities in this very dynamic research field.