Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beyond-line-of-sight Perception Enhancement via Information Interaction in Connected Autonomous Driving Environment

On account of occlusion and limited visual range, the independent perception of the single vehicle is restricted, which cannot meet the requirements of high-level autonomous driving. In view of the characteristics of information interaction in connected environment, a vehicle-vehicle based beyond-line-of-sight fusion perception framework is proposed. Effective data fusion of multi-source heterogeneous sensor is realized based on D-S evidence theory. Precise object detection and recognition is achieved based on lightweight object detection Faster R-CNN algorithm with backbone used MobileNetV2. Finally, the beyond-line-of-sight perception enhancement method in typical scenes is verified and analyzed on Prescan. Results show that the presented method helps autonomous vehicles make full use of sensory data effectively, expand perception scope, avoid blind fields, which plays a supporting role in the safe and efficient operation of autonomous vehicles.
Breast Cancer and Screening Prevention Programmes: Perceptions of Women in a Multicultural Community in Southern Thailand

Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide and in Thailand. Objective: To explore perceptions of breast cancer and screening prevention programmes among a group of at-risk women in a multicultural setting in southern Thailand. Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used for data collection with 30 at-risk group women. Women from Muslim and Buddhist backgrounds were purposively included in this study. The thematic analysis method was used to analyse the data. Results: Four themes were identified from our data: perceptions of breast cancer, being diagnosed with breast cancer and anxiety, stigma: effects of breast cancer, and breast self-screening and prevention of breast cancer. The participants had some knowledge about the risk factors for breast cancer. However, participants perceived that breast cancer could occur to individual women at any time and that it was not possible to entirely prevent the disease, even when following a breast self-examination programme. However, most participants perceived that whether one would be afflicted by breast cancer depended also on Allah and their own karma. All participants were encouraged to attend breast self-screening training by healthcare providers of local health centres, but they had no confidence to perform self-screening soon after finishing the training programme. This became the reason for a lack of regular self-screening with responsibility left to health practitioners. Although participants were aware that breast self-screening should be their routine practice, there were multiple barriers to this, including accurate knowledge about breast cancer, belief, self-awareness, screening skills and healthcare facilities. Breast self-screening was recognised as an important means of early detection. However, most women did not perform this regularly, which could increase their risk of developing breast cancer. Conclusions: Public health providers need to be more concerned about the perceptions, beliefs and practices regarding breast cancer and develop prevention practices that work better for women living in more diverse cultural locations so that they may be able to follow preventive practices and reduce their vulnerability to breast cancer.
Bipolar carrier transport in a conjugated polymer by complex admittance spectroscopy

We report for the first time the bipolar transport properties of the LUMATION* 1300 Series green emitting polymer investigated by means of admittance spectroscopy. Analysis of the inductive response in single carrier polymer diodes yields electron and hole mobilities which are in excellent agreement with the results of independent measurements. Admittance measurements in dual injection diodes provide evidence that the dual injection diodes operate in spacecharge-limited regime, indicative of strong recombination within the material. Our results provide strong evidence that the space-charge-related admittance response of dual carrier diodes is dominated by combined electron-hole response, which corresponds to the sum of electron and hole mobilities. This implies that electron and hole mobilities cannot be obtained separately from admittance measurements in space-charge-limited dual carrier devices.
MDABP: A Novel Approach to Detect Cross-Architecture IoT Malware Based on PaaS

With the development of internet technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely used in several aspects of human life. However, IoT devices are becoming more vulnerable to malware attacks due to their limited computational resources and the manufacturers’ inability to update the firmware on time. As IoT devices are increasing rapidly, their security must classify malicious software accurately; however, current IoT malware classification methods cannot detect cross-architecture IoT malware using system calls in a particular operating system as the only class of dynamic features. To address these issues, this paper proposes an IoT malware detection approach based on PaaS (Platform as a Service), which detects cross-architecture IoT malware by intercepting system calls generated by virtual machines in the host operating system acting as dynamic features and using the K Nearest Neighbors (KNN) classification model. A comprehensive evaluation using a 1719 sample dataset containing ARM and X86-32 architectures demonstrated that MDABP achieves 97.18% average accuracy and a 99.01% recall rate in detecting samples in an Executable and Linkable Format (ELF). Compared with the best cross-architecture detection method that uses network traffic as a unique type of dynamic feature with an accuracy of 94.5%, practical results reveal that our method uses fewer features and has higher accuracy.
An Accelerated Variance Reduction Stochastic ADMM for Nonconvex Nonsmooth Optimization

The variance reduction technique-based Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) has attracted a lot of attention due to its simplicity and practicability to provide an acceleration characteristic of various machine learning models. Most stochastic ADMM-type methods focus on convex models, however, it is not clear whether accelerated SVRG-ADMM (ASVRG-ADMM) for solving widely used nonconvex models has a similar acceleration feature or convergence rate as in the convex setting. To fill this gap, we consider a general nonconvex nonsmooth optimization problem and study the convergence of ASVRG-ADMM with momentum acceleration. By using a well-defined potential energy function, we establish its sublinear convergence rate. A number of experiments validate that the proposed ASVRG-ADMM performs better than some state-of-the-art algorithms.
Safety Helmet Monitoring System Based on Improved YOLOv5

In construction site, it is necessary to ensure that everyone wears helmet. Using object detection methods to do the supervising work is much more efficient than any other ways. First, this paper proposes a new helmet detection method based on improved YOLOv5 that can get better detection results in construction site. Second, this paper designs an automatically tracking and monitoring system to implement the real-time detection of the input. Third, this paper designs a UI interface to show all the details of the detection process. The monitoring system mainly includes the image processing module and the helmet detection module which are based on PyTorch framework and OpenCV image processing library. The dataset that we used for training and validation is SHWD.
The ICON (ICOsahedral Non‐hydrostatic) modelling framework of DWD and MPI‐M: Description of the non‐hydrostatic dynamical core

This article describes the non‐hydrostatic dynamical core developed for the ICOsahedral Non‐hydrostatic (ICON) modelling framework. ICON is a joint project of the German Weather Service (DWD) and the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI‐M), targeting a unified modelling system for global numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate modelling. Compared with the existing models at both institutions, the main achievements of ICON are exact local mass conservation, mass‐consistent tracer transport, a flexible grid nesting capability and the use of non‐hydrostatic equations on global domains. The dynamical core is formulated on an icosahedral‐triangular Arakawa C grid. Achieving mass conservation is facilitated by a flux‐form continuity equation with density as the prognostic variable. Time integration is performed with a two‐time‐level predictor–corrector scheme that is fully explicit, except for the terms describing vertical sound‐wave propagation. To achieve competitive computational efficiency, time splitting is applied between the dynamical core on the one hand and tracer advection, physics parametrizations and horizontal diffusion on the other hand. A sequence of tests with varying complexity indicates that the ICON dynamical core combines high numerical stability over steep mountain slopes with good accuracy and reasonably low diffusivity. Preliminary NWP test suites initialized with interpolated analysis data reveal that the ICON modelling system already achieves better skill scores than its predecessor at DWD, the operational hydrostatic Global Model Europe (GME), and at the same time requires significantly fewer computational resources.
Improvement of loperamide-hydrochloride-induced intestinal motility disturbance by Platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharides through effects on gut microbes and colonic serotonin

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal symptom characterized by intestinal motility disorder. The effects of Platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharides (PGP) on intestinal motility have not been confirmed. We established a rat model of constipation induced by loperamide hydrochloride to elucidate the therapeutic effect of PGP on intestinal motility disorder and to explore the possible mechanism. After PGP treatment (400 and 800 mg/kg) for 21 d, PGP clearly relieved gastrointestinal motility, including fecal water content, gastric emptying rate, and intestinal transit rate. Moreover, the secretion of motility-related hormones, gastrin and motilin, were increased. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence results confirmed that PGP significantly increased the secretion of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and the expression of related proteins, such as tryptophan hydroxylase 1, 5-HT4 receptor, and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that PGP significantly increased the relative abundance of Roseburia, Butyricimonas, and Ruminiclostridium, which were positively correlated with 5-HT levels. However, the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus were decreased. PGP improved intestinal transport by regulating the levels of 5-HT, which interacts with the gut microbiota and the intestinal neuro-endocrine system, further affecting constipation. Overall, PGP is a potential supplement for the treatment of constipation.
EUS-Guided Vascular Interventions

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has numerous advanced applications as a diagnostic and therapeutic modality in contemporary medicine. Through intraluminal placement, EUS offers a real-time Doppler-guided endoscopic visualization and access to intra-abdominal vasculature, which were previously inaccessible using historical methods. We aim to provide a comprehensive review of key studies on both current and future EUS-guided vascular applications. This review details EUS-based vascular diagnostic techniques of portal pressure measurements in the prognostication of liver disease and portal venous sampling for obtaining circulating tumor cells in the diagnosis of cancer. From an interventional perspective, we describe effective EUS-guided treatments via coiling and cyanoacrylate injections of gastric varices and visceral artery pseudoaneurysms. Specific attention is given to clinical studies on efficacy and procedural techniques described by investigators for each EUS-based application. We explore novel and future emerging EUS-based interventions, such as liver tumor ablation and intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement.
Exploring Neural Mechanisms of Reward Processing Using Coupled Matrix Tensor Factorization: A Simultaneous EEG–fMRI Investigation

Background: It is crucial to understand the neural feedback mechanisms and the cognitive decision-making of the brain during the processing of rewards. Here, we report the first attempt for a simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG)–functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study in a gambling task by utilizing tensor decomposition. Methods: First, the single-subject EEG data are represented as a third-order spectrogram tensor to extract frequency features. Next, the EEG and fMRI data are jointly decomposed into a superposition of multiple sources characterized by space-time-frequency profiles using coupled matrix tensor factorization (CMTF). Finally, graph-structured clustering is used to select the most appropriate model according to four quantitative indices. Results: The results clearly show that not only are the regions of interest (ROIs) found in other literature activated, but also the olfactory cortex and fusiform gyrus which are usually ignored. It is found that regions including the orbitofrontal cortex and insula are activated for both winning and losing stimuli. Meanwhile, regions such as the superior orbital frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex are activated upon winning stimuli, whereas the inferior frontal gyrus, cingulate cortex, and medial superior frontal gyrus are activated upon losing stimuli. Conclusion: This work sheds light on the reward-processing progress, provides a deeper understanding of brain function, and opens a new avenue in the investigation of neurovascular coupling via CMTF.
Theoretical Study on the Gas-Phase and Aqueous Interface Reaction Mechanism of Criegee Intermediates with 2-Methylglyceric Acid and the Nucleation of Products

Criegee intermediates (CIs) are important in the sink of many atmospheric substances, including alcohols, organic acids, amines, etc. In this work, the density functional theory (DFT) method was used to calculate the energy barriers for the reactions of CH3CHOO with 2-methyl glyceric acid (MGA) and to evaluate the interaction of the three functional groups of MGA. The results show that the reactions involving the COOH group of MGA are negligibly affected, and that hydrogen bonding can affect the reactions involving α-OH and β-OH groups. The water molecule has a negative effect on the reactions of the COOH group. It decreases the energy barriers of reactions involving the α-OH and β-OH groups as a catalyst. The Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamic (BOMD) was applied to simulate the reactions of CH3CHOO with MGA at the gas-liquid interface. Water molecule plays the role of proton transfer in the reaction. Gas-phase calculations and gas-liquid interface simulations demonstrate that the reaction of CH3CHOO with the COOH group is the main pathway in the atmosphere. The molecular dynamic (MD) simulations suggest that the reaction products can form clusters in the atmosphere to participate in the formation of particles.
Piranha solution treatment: A facile method for improving the antithrombotic ability and regulating smooth muscle cell growth on blood contact materials

Blood contact materials require strong anti-fouling capabilities to avoid thrombus formation. Recently, TiO2-based photocatalytic antithrombotic treatment has gained focus. Nevertheless, this method is restricted to titanium materials with photocatalytic abilities. This study offers an alternative solution that can be applied to a broader range of materials: piranha solution treatment. Our findings revealed that the free radicals generated by the treatment effectively altered the surface physicochemical properties of various inorganic materials, enhancing their surface hydrophilicity and oxidizing organic contaminants, thus improving their antithrombotic properties. Additionally, the treatment resulted in contrasting effects on the cellular affinity of SS and TiO2. While it significantly reduced the adhesion and proliferation of SMCs on SS surfaces, it significantly enhanced these on TiO2 surfaces. These observations suggested that the impact of the piranha solution treatment on the cellular affinity of biomaterials was closely tied to the intrinsic properties of the materials. Thus, materials suitable for piranha solution treatment could be selected based on the functional requirements of implantable medical devices. In conclusion, the broad applicability of piranha solution surface modification technology in both blood-contact and bone implant materials highlights its promising prospects.
Characterization of the USDA Cucurbita pepo, C. moschata, and C. maxima germplasm collections

The Cucurbita genus is home to a number of economically and culturally important species. We present the analysis of genotype data generated through genotyping-by-sequencing of the USDA germplasm collections of Cucurbita pepo, C. moschata, and C. maxima. These collections include a mixture of wild, landrace, and cultivated specimens from all over the world. Roughly 1,500 - 32,000 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were called in each of the collections, which ranged in size from 314 to 829 accessions. Genomic analyses were conducted to characterize the diversity in each of the species. Analysis revealed extensive structure corresponding to a combination of geographical origin and morphotype/market class. Genome-wide associate studies (GWAS) were conducted using both historical and contemporary data. Signals were observed for several traits, but the strongest was for the bush (Bu) gene in C. pepo. Analysis of genomic heritability, together with population structure and GWAS results, was used to demonstrate a close alignment of seed size in C. pepo, maturity in C. moschata, and plant habit in C. maxima with genetic subgroups. These data represent a large, valuable collection of sequenced Cucurbita that can be used to direct the maintenance of genetic diversity, for developing breeding resources, and to help prioritize whole-genome re-sequencing.
Constraint-Driven Complexity-Aware Data Science Workflow for AutoBDA

The Internet of Things, privacy, and technical constraints increase the demand for edge-based data-driven services, which is one of the major goals of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. Big data analysis (BDA) is the preferred approach to unleash hidden knowledge. However, BDA consumes excessive resources and time. These limitations hamper the meaningful adoption of BDA, especially the time and situation critical edge use cases, and hinder the goals of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. Automating the BDA process at the edge is a cognitive approach to address the aforementioned concerns. Data science workflow is an indispensable challenge for successful automation. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature survey on data science workflow platforms as the first contribution. Moreover, we learned that the BDA workflow depends on diversified constraints and undergoes rigorous data-mining stages. These caused an increase in the solution space, dynamic constraints, complexity issues, and NP-hardness of BDA workflow. Graphplan is a heuristic AI-planning technique that can address concerns associated with BDA workflow. Therefore, as the second contribution, we adopted the graphplan to generate a workflow for edge-based BDA automation. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieved our objectives.
Development of a Measure: Internet Behaviors Scale

Background and aims: Previous studies had documented that Social Networking Sites (S.N.S) has pathological effect on its users. A multi dimension syndrome, called problematic Internet use (PIU), causing behavioral and cognitive symptoms, which results in negative impact on different aspect s of life like social, professional or academic. Because of increased attention to PIU, some measure had been made, but they seem to be inadequate, due to new issue of the internet interactions. Therefore the necessity and importance of standard, valid and reliable tools to assess PIU and the related behaviors is clear. In a survey conducted by Morahan-Martin and Schumacher on differences between lonely and non-lonely in internet behaviors, “Internet Behaviors scale” was used. The paper was frequently cited as a source by different researchers, but no validity or reliability for that scale was reported. The scale evaluates the different aspects of internet behavior which seems to be a quite helpful tool for PIU assessment. Method: This survey presented results of a study that evaluate reliability and validity of “Internet Behaviors Scales” with Iranian university student s . This questionnaire was completed by 156 volunteer students of Shiraz University. To assess reliability coefficient α and test retest method was conducted. To assess validity exploratory factor analysis and convergent and discriminant validity was conducted. Results: Factor Analysis indicated three dimensions of this scale: social aspects, negative impact and competency and convenience aspect. “The internet Behaviors Scale” as the results indicate showed acceptable reliability and validity with Iranian students. Discussion: The internet Behaviors Scale as the results indicated could be used as a standard scale (valid and reliable) to evaluate PIU and related behaviors. It is important that validity and reliability of this scale be measured by other means.
Simulation of two-phase flows by domain decomposition

This thesis deals with numerical simulations of compressible fluid flows by implicit finite volume methods. Firstly, we studied and implemented an implicit version of the Roe scheme for compressible single-phase and two-phase flows. Thanks to Newton method for solving nonlinear systems, our schemes are conservative. Unfortunately, the resolution of nonlinear systems is very expensive. It is therefore essential to use an efficient algorithm to solve these systems. For large size matrices, we often use iterative methods whose convergence depends on the spectrum. We have studied the spectrum of the linear system and proposed a strategy, called Scaling, to improve the condition number of the matrix. Combined with the classical ILU preconditioner, our strategy has reduced significantly the GMRES iterations for local systems and the computation time. We also show some satisfactory results for low Mach-number flows using the implicit centered scheme. We then studied and implemented a domain decomposition method for compressible fluid flows. We have proposed a new interface variable which makes the Schur complement method easy to build and allows us to treat diffusion terms. Using GMRES iterative solver rather than Richardson for the interface system also provides a better performance compared to other methods. We can also decompose the computational domain into any number of subdomains. Moreover, the Scaling strategy for the interface system has improved the condition number of the matrix and reduced the number of GMRES iterations. In comparison with the classical distributed computing, we have shown that our method is more robust and efficient.
Epigenetic Changes Occurring in Plant Inbreeding

Inbreeding is the crossing of closely related individuals in nature or a plantation or self-pollinating plants, which produces plants with high homozygosity. This process can reduce genetic diversity in the offspring and decrease heterozygosity, whereas inbred depression (ID) can often reduce viability. Inbred depression is common in plants and animals and has played a significant role in evolution. In the review, we aim to show that inbreeding can, through the action of epigenetic mechanisms, affect gene expression, resulting in changes in the metabolism and phenotype of organisms. This is particularly important in plant breeding because epigenetic profiles can be linked to the deterioration or improvement of agriculturally important characteristics.