Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study on Surface Absorption Dynamic Mechanism due to the Addition of a Surfactant in Cellulosic Combustibles

In the case of Seo-Moon market in Deagu (2005), fire relapse after fire suppression has led the accident to a large fire due to secondary fire occurred because the fire fighting water did not penetrate until deep place. Thus, in the case of using a common fire fighting water extinguish a fire in the place where a large amount of cellulosic combustibles is loaded, there is a risk of fire relapse and that has digestive limitations for a combustion in the deep of cellulosic combustibles. However, a standard exist only on the surface tension in the current domestic wetting agent technology standards, so it is difficult to the performance evaluation of the wetting agent through the standard. Therefore, in this study, surface absorption mechanism were studied by measuring that wetting speed and wetting area according to the concentration of the surfactant for cellulosic combustibles(the paper and textile). Through this study, Depending on the degradation of the surface tension by surfactant addition, it was confirmed that the absorptiveness is improved on the surface.
rough deal: a gene required for proper mitotic segregation in Drosophila

We describe a genetic locus rough deal (rod) in Drosophila melanogaster, identified by mutations that interfere with the faithful transmission of chromosomes to daughter cells during mitosis. Five mutant alleles were isolated, each associated with a similar set of mitotic abnormalities in the dividing neuroblasts of homozygous mutant larvae: high frequencies of aneuploid cells and abnormal anaphase figures, in which chromatids may lag, form bridges, or completely fail to separate. Surviving homozygous adults are sterile, and show cuticular defects associated with cell death, i.e., roughened eyes, sparse abdominal bristles, and notched wing margins. The morphological process of spermatogenesis is largely unaffected and motile sperm are produced, but meiocyte aneuploidy is common. The nature of the observed abnormalities in mitotic cells suggests that the reduced fidelity of chromosome transmission to the daughter cells is due to a failure in a mechanism involved in assuring the proper release of sister chromatids.
Oxidative Stress Delays Prometaphase/Metaphase of the First Cleavage in Mouse Zygotes via the MAD2L1-Mediated Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

In zygotes, DNA damage delays the first cleavage to enable repair. Our previous study found that 0.03 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was the minimum concentration required for induction of oxidative DNA damage in mouse zygotes and that this represented the most similar situation to the clinical phenomenon. In this study, we quantified the cleavage rates of cells in blastocysts at different developmental stages, followed by immunofluorescence to detect activation of γ-H2A histone family member X (a marker of DNA damage) in zygotes to confirm that oxidative DNA damage was induced in H2O2-treated zygotes. Monitoring H3S10P (phosphorylation of Ser10 on histone H3; a prometaphase/metaphase marker) levels at different hour postinsemination revealed that treatment of zygotes with 0.03 mM H2O2 resulted in a prometaphase/metaphase delay. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining for mitotic arrest deficient 2-like 1 and the protein kinase TTK, components of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), suggested that this delay possibly involved SAC activation. These studies of the relationships between oxidative stress and SAC can promote the success rate of in vitro fertilization.
Active learning to improve the detection of unknown computer worms activity

Detecting unknown worms is a challenging task. We propose an innovative technique for detecting the presence of an unknown worm based on the computer measurements extracted from the operating system. We designed an experiment to test the new technique employing several computer configurations and background applications activity. During the experiments 323 computer features were monitored. Four feature selection measures were used to reduce the number of features. We applied support vector machines on the resulting feature subsets. In addition, we used active learning as a selective sampling method to increase the performance of the classifier and improve its robustness in noisy data. Our results indicate that using the proposed approach resulted in a mean accuracy in excess of 90%, and for specific unknown worms accuracy reached above 94%, using just 20 features while maintaining a low false positive rate.
Quality of life at the end of primary treatment of breast cancer: first results from the moving beyond cancer randomized trial.

BACKGROUND During the last decade, survival rates for breast cancer have increased as a result of earlier detection and increased use of adjuvant therapy. Limited data exist on the psychosocial aspects of the transitional period between the end of primary treatment and survivorship. We investigated the baseline psychosocial status of women enrolled in a randomized trial testing two psychosocial interventions for women at the end of primary treatment. METHODS Participants, identified within 1 month after surgery (registration), provided demographic information and limited measures of quality of life. They were followed until they finished primary treatment (enrollment), at which time they completed a mailed baseline survey that included standardized measures of quality of life (including standardized scales of physical and emotional functioning), mood, symptoms, and sexual functioning. A total of 558 patients (mean age = 56.9 years) were enrolled in the study between July 1, 1999, and June 30, 2002. Health outcomes were examined according to treatment received: mastectomy with and without chemotherapy, and lumpectomy with and without chemotherapy. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Among all treatment groups, patients who had a mastectomy had the poorest physical functioning at registration (P<.001) and at enrollment (P=.05). At enrollment, mood and emotional functioning were similar among all patients, with no differences by type of treatment received. At enrollment, symptoms, including muscle stiffness, breast sensitivity, aches and pains, tendency to take naps, and difficulty concentrating, were common among patients in all groups and were statistically significantly associated with poor physical functioning and emotional well-being. Sexual functioning was worse for women who received chemotherapy than for those who did not, regardless of type of surgery (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS At the end of primary treatment for breast cancer, women in all treatment groups report good emotional functioning but report decreased physical functioning, particularly among women who have a mastectomy or receive chemotherapy. Clinical interventions to address common symptoms associated with treatment should be considered to improve physical and emotional functioning at the end of primary treatment for breast cancer.
Computational design of mixed-initiative human–robot teaming that considers human factors: situational awareness, workload, and workflow preferences

Advancements in robotic technology are making it increasingly possible to integrate robots into the human workspace in order to improve productivity and decrease worker strain resulting from the performance of repetitive, arduous physical tasks. While new computational methods have significantly enhanced the ability of people and robots to work flexibly together, there has been little study of the ways in which human factors influence the design of these computational techniques. In particular, collaboration with robots presents unique challenges related to the preservation of human situational awareness and the optimization of workload allocation for human teammates while respecting their workflow preferences. We conducted a series of human subject experiments to investigate these human factors, and provide design guidelines for the development of intelligent collaborative robots based on our results.
Structural Mechanism of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Type 1 Partial Agonism

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors belong to a family of ionotropic glutamate receptors that contribute to the signal transmission in the central nervous system. NMDA receptors are heterotetramers that usually consist of two GluN1 and GluN2 monomers. The extracellular ligand-binding domain (LBD) of a monomer is comprised of discontinuous segments that form the functional domains D1 and D2. While the binding of a full agonist glycine to LBD of GluN1 is linked to cleft closure and subsequent ion-channel opening, partial agonists are known to activate the receptor only sub-maximally. Although the crystal structures of the LBD of related GluA2 receptor explain the mechanism for the partial agonism, structures of GluN1-LBD cannot distinguish the difference between full and partial agonists. It is, however, probable that the partial agonists of GluN1 alter the structure of the LBD in order to result in a different pharmacological response than seen with full agonists. In this study, we used molecular dynamics simulations to reveal an intermediate closure-stage for GluN1, which is unseen in crystal structures. According to our calculations, this intermediate closure is not a transient stage but an energetically stable conformation. Our results demonstrate that the partial agonist cannot exert firm GluN1-LBD closure, especially if there is even a small force that disrupts the LBD closure. Accordingly, this result suggests the importance of forces from the ion channel for the relationship between pharmacological response and the structure of the LBD of members of this receptor family.
Enhanced cell motility and invasion of chicken embryo fibroblasts in response to JUN over‐expression

Malignant tumor cells exhibit a number of distinct properties involved not only with deregulated cell proliferation but also enhanced migration and invasion. The Jun oncogene has been well studied in regard to its role in cell proliferation. Many of the target genes deregulated by Jun encode matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) such as MMP1, MMP3 and MMP9. These targets implicate a prominent role for Jun in tumor cell invasion, in addition to its role in growth transformation. To investigate this possibility, we have examined the effect of over‐expression of transforming and non‐transforming versions of Jun on motility and invasion of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs). We found that over‐expression of either form of Jun results in elevated intrinsic cellular motility as well as increased motility in response to several different chemo‐attractants, including 3T3‐conditioned media, basic fibroblast growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor and Matrigel. The capacity of these cells to invade through Matrigel is also elevated as a result of Jun over‐expression. In addition to these effects, CEFs expressing Jun secrete factors that stimulate the motility of a human tongue carcinoma cell line. Our results suggest that Jun plays an important role in the potentiation of cell motility and invasion through multiple mechanisms. Int. J. Cancer 81:404–410, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diversity in epilepsy and a newly recognized benign childhood syndrome

Epilepsy affects 1 to 2% of the population in developed countries.1 Epilepsy is not a single disorder but rather a label for many heterogeneous syndromes characterized by underlying etiology, age at onset, seizure type, EEG patterns, and prognosis.2,3⇓ Accurate diagnosis of each syndrome is necessary for both evaluation and treatment. A prime example of this heterogeneity is the class of idiopathic disorders with age-related onset. One of the best known and most common of these is benign rolandic epilepsy (BRE). The recognition of this heterogeneity within the epilepsies has been formalized in the International League Against Epilepsy’s (ILAE) classification of the epilepsies.2 This system is under revision to reflect advances in our understanding of the epilepsies and to include new syndromes as they become …
Hydraulic permeabilities of PET and nylon 6 electrospun fiber webs

The morphological and hydraulic properties of electrospun fiber webs were investigated and compared with those of spunbond nonwoven fabrics. In this study, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), hydrophobic polymer, and nylon 6, with some hydrophilic groups (amide groups), were used as the polymer materials to prepare spunbonds and electrospun fiber webs. The water permeabilities of PET and nylon 6 spunbonds followed the Darcy's law, but those of PET and nylon 6 electrospun fiber webs showed proper- ties that deviated from the Darcy's law. On the other hand, the wicking phenomenon was observed in both nylon 6 spunbond and electrospun fiber webs, but no such phenom- enon was observed in PET spunbond and electrospun fiber webs. The water vapor transport rates of PET and nylon 6 electrospun fiber webs were higher than those of PET and nylon 6 spunbonds. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 167-177, 2006
Novel Biomarkers Distinguishing Active Tuberculosis from Latent Infection Identified by Gene Expression Profile of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Background Humans infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) can delete the pathogen or otherwise become latent infection or active disease. However, the factors influencing the pathogen clearance and disease progression from latent infection are poorly understood. This study attempted to use a genome-wide transcriptome approach to identify immune factors associated with MTB infection and novel biomarkers that can distinguish active disease from latent infection. Methodology/Principal Findings Using microarray analysis, we comprehensively determined the transcriptional difference in purified protein derivative (PPD) stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in 12 individuals divided into three groups: TB patients (TB), latent TB infection individuals (LTBI) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 4 per group). A transcriptional profiling of 506 differentially expressed genes could correctly group study individuals into three clusters. Moreover, 55- and 229-transcript signatures for tuberculosis infection (TB&LTBI) and active disease (TB) were identified, respectively. The validation study by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) performed in 83 individuals confirmed the expression patterns of 81% of the microarray identified genes. Decision tree analysis indicated that three genes of CXCL10, ATP10A and TLR6 could differentiate TB from LTBI subjects. Additional validation was performed to assess the diagnostic ability of the three biomarkers within 36 subjects, which yielded a sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 89%. Conclusions/Significance The transcription profiles of PBMCs induced by PPD identified distinctive gene expression patterns associated with different infectious status and provided new insights into human immune responses to MTB. Furthermore, this study indicated that a combination of CXCL10, ATP10A and TLR6 could be used as novel biomarkers for the discrimination of TB from LTBI.
High dynamic range multispectral imaging using liquid crystal tunable filter

Using conventional camera to capture natural scenes with high dynamic range generally results in saturation as well as underexposure, because of their limited dynamic range. And moreover, the image of conventional RGB camera with RGB color filter lacks color accuracy. We present a promising solution - a high dynamic range multispectral camera placing a Liquid Crystal Tunable Filter (LCTF) between lens and gray level imaging sensor. For each bands, gray level images with different exposures are acquired separately and are combined into a multispectral high dynamic range image afterwards. The high dynamic range multispectral image has higher color accuracy and greater dynamic range than the images of the traditional RGB camera.
Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein Is Expressed by Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Upregulated by Interleukin 4

ABSTRACT The bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) is an antibiotic- and endotoxin-neutralizing protein of granulocytes and epithelial cells. Constitutive expression of BPI, which increases upon interleukin 4 stimulation, by human dermal fibroblast was demonstrated, suggesting an important role of BPI in gram-negative bacterial clearance and a dampened response to endotoxin in the skin.
Virtual Glassboat: For looking under the Ground

In many augmented reality (AR) systems, 3D position trackers or cameras are used to get the exact location of users and objects, and seethrough head mounted displays (HMD) are used to provide stereoscopic computer graphics. These devices are usually large, heavy, expensive, and very difficult to calibrate and register [1]. Even when only flat surfaces such as floors or walls are the target to augment the reality, 3D sensors or cameras are usually used to track the user’s position.
Total variation based Fourier reconstruction and regularization for computer tomography

The paper develops a tomographic reconstruction and regularization method based on a total variation minimization constrained by the knowledge of the input intervals the Fourier coefficients belong to. Experiments show that the approach outperforms classical reconstruction methods such as direct Fourier method (DFM), filtered back-projection (FBP) and Tikhonov iterative method (TIM), both in terms of PSNR (an objective mean-square error) and visual quality, especially in the case of noisy or sparse data. In addition the resulting algorithm requires a number of operations of O(N/sup 2/ log N) only, and is therefore faster than ordinary iterative methods, such as space-based TIM.
Ego-lane estimation for downtown lane-level navigation

We present an ego-lane estimation algorithm for downtown lane-level navigation. It is capable of determining the currently used lane reliably, using sensors available in a modern production vehicle, such as odometry, GPS, visual lane-marking detection, and radar-based object detection. The method employs a particle filter with a novel step that combines the importance weight update and sampling. This step avoids performance deterioration in case of sparse particle sets even when the likelihood is very tight compared to the predicted particle set. Preprocessed odometry data allow for a further performance increase. In an extensive test in downtown scenarios on real roads with up to seven lanes, it achieves error probabilities below 1% in the 95th percentile at availabilities above 95%.
Cooperative Distributed Problem Solving for Controlling Semi-Autonomous and Autonomous Oceanographic Sampling Networks

Abstract : This report covers the final portion of the second phase of a long-term collaborative project between the Department of Computer Science, University of Maine, and The Autonomous Undersea Systems Institute (AUSI). This program is focused on developing an intelligent control mechanism for an autonomous oceanographic sampling networks (AOSN). An AOSN [4] is defined as a group of underwater vehicles and instrument platforms (VIPs) that can autonomously or semi-autonomously work together to carry out long-term sampling missions in an area of interest. The long-term goal is to develop an AOSN control mechanism that can autonomously or semi-autonomously control an AOSN as it conducts long-term, complex missions. A part of this goal is to develop a language that can be used among the VIPs as they accomplish a defined task within the AOSN. This AOSN control scheme will allow the components of an AOSN to be deployed, then have them autonomously self-organize into an AOSN that can effectively carry out a mission. Related work, also funded by ONR (grant number N0001-14-98-1-0648), focuses on assigning mission tasks to VIPs within the AOSN and on selecting an appropriate organizational structure (e.g., a hierarchy) to use to conduct the mission given a specific mission, environment, and AOSN composition (i.e., which vehicles and instrument platforms are present and functional).
An Intelligence Approach for Porosity and Permeability Prediction of Oil Reservoirs using Seismic Data

the main challenge is to obtain a method for the estimation of key reservoir parameters with the lowest possible estimation error. Accurate reservoir characterization requires the integration of core and log data to understand the variation in hydraulic properties such as porosity, permeability and capillary pressure. Time-lapse seismic can be used as an important tool in reservoir characterization, monitoring and management. Reservoir parameters are converted to seismic parameters by using the rock physics models. This paper presents an analysis and explanation of an approach of developing rock physics model, and explains how the input data can be obtained to the model. And also this study presents an intelligence approach for the oil reservoir characterization by using seismic elastic properties and rock physics model together with minimum estimation error.
Monoclonal antibodies show that kinase C phosphorylation of GAP-43 during axonogenesis is both spatially and temporally restricted in vivo

To study the role of kinase C phosphorylation in the distribution and function of GAP-43 we have generated a panel of mAbs that distinguish between GAP-43 that has been phosphorylated by kinase C and forms that have not. One class of antibodies, typified by 2G12/C7, reacts with only the phosphorylated form of GAP-43; it recognizes the peptide IQAS(PO4)FR equivalent to residues 38-43 that includes the single kinase C phosphorylation site at serine. Another, exemplified by 10E8/E7, reacts with both phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms. We have used the antibodies to study the distribution of kinase C- phosphorylated GAP-43 during axonogenesis and in the adult nervous system. Two major findings emerge. First, there is a lag between the initiation of axon outgrowth and the phosphorylation of GAP-43 by kinase C. The extent of this lag period varies between the different structures studied. In some cases, e.g., the trigeminal nerve, our result suggest that kinase C phosphorylation may be correlated with proximity of the growing axon to its target. Second, kinase C- phosphorylated GAP-43 is always spatially restricted to the distal axon. It is never seen either proximally or in cell bodies, even those with high levels of GAP-43 protein. This result also implies that GAP- 43 is axonally transported in the non-kinase C phosphorylated form. Thus, kinase C phosphorylation of GAP-43 is not required for axon outgrowth or growth cone function per se and may be more related to interactions of the growth cone with its environment.
Class 1 conditions depending on the minimum degree and the number of vertices of maximum degree

A graph is called Class 1 if the chromatic index equals the maximum degree. We prove sufficient conditions for simple graphs to be Class 1. Using these conditions we improve results on some edge-coloring theorems of Chetwynd and Hilton. We also improve a theorem concerning the 1-factorization of regular graphs of high degree.
The Mii and the Wii: Emphasizing the Individual and the Group in Console Gaming

In this paper, we present results from a study of collocated group console gaming. We focus, in particular, on observed gaming practices that emphasized the individual gamer within a gaming group as well as practices that emphasized the gaming group as a whole. We relate each of these practices, where possible, to specific elements of the game design, including game mechanics, interaction design, and special effects design. We argue that the classic distinction between competitive and cooperative modes of gameplay does not transfer to fully account for the interpersonal dynamics of collocated gaming groups.