Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Semi-Supervised Multiple Instance Learning and its application in visual tracking

In this paper, a novel Semi-Supervised Multiple Instance Learning (Semi-MIL) approach is presented. Compared with conventional approaches, we utilize a kind of “bag of instances” representation in the semi-supervised learning process, which provides an effective way to use the unlabeled data in multiple instance learning problem. We formulate the problem with a graph model based on the Minimax kernel. In addition, the Semi-MIL algorithm is readily applied for visual tracking, which can resolve the ambiguities during the tracking process. The presented approach is validated on several benchmark videos for visual tracking and MUSKs dataset for classification, the competitive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Awareness about common diseases in selected female college students of Karachi.

OBJECTIVE To determine the level of awareness about five common diseases, namely: Tuberculosis (TB), Typhoid, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS among college female students of Karachi. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of female students aged 16-21 years from three colleges selected by convenient sampling method was conducted from January to May 2004. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS A large number of students (71%) knew that typhoid spreads by eating contaminated food and drinking infected water. Majority (84%) knew about cough as a mode of spread for TB whereas 69% thought that TB could spread through sneeze of a TB patient. Regarding AIDS, 90% knew that it is sexually transmitted. Majority (87%) knew about the association of hepatitis B and contaminated needles; 64% were aware of hepatitis C and abuse of contaminated needles; 88% knew about the spread of HIV by the use of contaminated needles. A large number (92%) mentioned television as their main source of information. CONCLUSION The general level of awareness regarding HIV/AIDS transmission was satisfactory among college girls in this study. The level of awareness of the young educated females about the modes of spread of typhoid, TB, hepatitis B and C is low. This study emphasizes the effectiveness of health education campaign regarding common infectious diseases, especially in young girls.
Changes in the Labor Supply Behavior of Married Women: 1980–2000

Using March Current Population Survey data, we investigate married women’s labor supply from 1980 to 2000. We find a large rightward shift in their labor supply function for annual hours in the 1980s, with little shift in the 1990s. These shifts account for most of the slowdown in the growth of labor supply during this period. A major development was the dramatic decrease in the responsiveness of married women’s labor supply to their own and husbands’ wages: their own wage elasticity fell by 50%–56%, while their cross wage elasticity fell by 38%–47% in absolute value.
Robust MAC-lite and soft header recovery for packetized multimedia transmission

This paper presents an enhanced permeable layer mechanism useful for highly robust packetized multimedia transmission. Packet header recovery at various protocol layers using MAP estimation is the cornerstone of the proposed solution. The inherently available intra-layer and inter-layer header correlation proves to be very effective in selecting a reduced set of possible header configurations for further processing. The best candidate is then obtained through soft decoding of CRC protected data and CRC redundancy information itself. Simulation results for WiFi transmission using DBPSK modulated signals over AWGN channels show a substantial (4 to 12 dB) link budget improvement over classical hard decision procedures. We also introduce a sub-optimal and hardware realizable version of the proposed algorithm.
Controlling Conflict from Interfering Long-term Memory Representations

Remembering is more than an activation of a memory trace. As retrieval cues are often not uniquely related to one specific memory, cognitive control should come into play to guide selective memory retrieval by focusing on relevant while ignoring irrelevant information. Here, we investigated, by means of EEG and fMRI, how the memory system deals with retrieval interference arising when retrieval cues are associated with two material types (faces and spatial positions), but only one is task-relevant. The topography of slow EEG potentials and the fMRI BOLD signal in posterior storage areas indicated that in such situations not only the relevant but also the irrelevant material becomes activated. This results in retrieval interference that triggers control processes mediated by the medial and lateral PFC, which are presumably involved in biasing target representations by boosting the task-relevant material. Moreover, memory-based conflict was found to be dissociable from response conflict that arises when the relevant and irrelevant materials imply different responses. The two types of conflict show different activations in the medial frontal cortex, supporting the claim of domain-specific prefrontal control systems.
RECENT ADVANCES ON THE IMMERSED STRUCTURAL POTENTIAL METHOD FOR FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION HAEMODYNAMIC APPLICATIONS

Abstract. In this paper, recent advances on the Immersed Structural Potential Method (ISPM) are presented. This methodology, based on the original Immersed Boundary Method, was introduced with the purpose of modelling Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) haemodynamic problems. The ISPM presents an alternative approach to compute the equivalent fluid-structure interaction forces at the fluid mesh, accounts for a sophisticated viscoelastic fibre-reinforced constitutive model to better describe the mechanics of cardiovascular tissues and utilises a novel time-integration methodology for the computation of the deformation gradient tensor which ensures compliance with the incompressibility constraint. Comparison of the ISPM with alternative existing immersed methodologies will be presented as well as various idealised cardiovascular numerical examples in order to demonstrate the robustness and applicability of this numerical technique.
Sin and Addiction: Conceptual Enemies or Fellow Travelers?

The addiction recovery metaphor of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and the sin/salvation metaphor of Protestant heritage have a lot more in common than people realize. On the surface, of course, it seems that the addiction recovery process is quite the opposite of what is assumed to be a religious approach to addiction. Many assume that religion takes a moralistic or judgmental attitude to addiction, focusing on intentional wrong-doing, lack of will power, or sin, i.e., offending God, self and others. Instead, from a theological perspective, sin and addiction are not the opposites generally assumed. The identification of alienation from God, and the focus on spirituality and healing are core issues for both concepts. Understanding this congruence can facilitate a very productive conversation between theologians, religious believers, and recovering persons.
Content and process specificity in the effects of prior experiences

Introducing a new hobby for other people may inspire them to join with you. Reading, as one of mutual hobby, is considered as the very easy hobby to do. But, many people are not interested in this hobby. Why? Boring is the reason of why. However, this feel actually can deal with the book and time of you reading. Yeah, one that we will refer to break the boredom in reading is choosing content and process specificity in the effects of prior experiences as the reading material.
Novel TARDBP Sequence Variant and C9ORF72 Repeat Expansion in a Family With Frontotemporal Dementia

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a genetically heterogenous syndrome and has been associated most recently with a hexanucleotide repeat expansion within the C9ORF72 gene. Pathogenic TDP-43 gene (TARDBP) mutations have been identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, but the role of TARDBP mutations in FTLD is more contradictory. To investigate the role of TARDBP mutations in a clinical series of Finnish FTLD patients, we sequenced TARDBP exons 1 to 6 in 77 FTLD patients. No evident pathogenic mutations were found. We identified a novel heterozygous c. 876_878delCAG sequence variant in 2 related patients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia without amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The variant is predicted to cause an amino acid deletion of serine at position 292 (p.Ser292del). However, p.Ser292del was also found in 1 healthy middle-aged control. Interestingly, both patients carried the C9ORF72 expansion. Therefore, the TARDBP variant p.Ser292del might be considered a rare polymorphism and the C9ORF72 repeat expansion the actual disease-causing mutation in the family. Our results suggest that TARDBP mutations are a rare cause of FTLD. However, the interaction of several genetic factors needs to be taken into account when investigating neurodegenerative diseases.
ANFIS application to infer student performance in English learning using affective factors

Teaching and learning practices are essentially meant to equip students with necessary competences. In assessing student learning, few teaching and learning practices consider the role of affective factors. Assessment relying solely on cognitive factors could impact teaching and learning effectiveness although marginal work exists exploring affective factors to enhance teaching and learning effectiveness. The current study considers using affective factors to infer student learning of English skills. Student affective factors, such as motivation, attitude, introversion, extroversion, anxiety, and self-esteem are measured using questionnaires. The data obtained is then used to model student in learning using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) with a different set of parameters. Evaluation of the models is based on Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE). The result from the experiment shows that the model is able to infer student learning by 0.076 (MAE) and 0.008 (MSE) respectively. In addition, the proposed model that is not too general nor too complex and with fewer training iteration numbers shows the lowest error among other proposed models.
School and Personal Adjustment in Adolescence: The Role of Academic Self-Concept and Perceived Social Support

En este trabajo se somete a verificacion un modelo estructural segun el cual el ajuste escolar y el personal (satisfaccion con la vida) durante la adolescencia dependen del autoconcepto academico del alumnado, ejerciendo el apoyo social percibido (tanto el familiar como el del circulo de amistades) un efecto fundamental tanto sobre el autoconcepto como sobre el ajuste psicosocial. Participaron en el estudio 858 estudiantes, de entre 13 y 22 anos, de la ciudad de Iquique (Chile), de los cuales el 39.08% eran hombres mientras que 60.92% eran mujeres. Los resultados confirman la importancia que el apoyo familiar ejerce tanto sobre el ajuste escolar como sobre el ajuste personal mientras que no sucede lo mismo con el apoyo del grupo de amigos; asimismo el autoconcepto academico se muestra como variable mediadora asociada al ajuste escolar y en menor medida a la satisfaccion con la vida. Estos datos se discuten tanto desde perspectivas educativas como en orden a futuras investigaciones.
Order Flow and Exchange Rate Dynamics in Electronic Brokerage System Data

We analyze the association between order flow and exchange rates using a new dataset representing a majority of global interdealer transactions in the two most-traded currency pairs at the one minute frequency over a six-year time period. This long span of high-frequency data allows us to gain new insights about the joint behavior of these series. We first confirm the presence of a substantial association between interdealer order flow and exchange rate returns at horizons ranging from 1Â min to two weeks, but find that the association is substantially weaker at longer horizons. We study the time-variation of the association between exchange rate returns and order flow both intradaily and over the long term, and show that the relationship appears to be stronger when market liquidity is lower. Overall, our study supports the view that liquidity effects play an important role in the relationship between order flow and exchange rate changes. This by no means rules out a role for order flow as a channel by which fundamental information is transmitted to the market, as we show that our findings are quite consistent with a recent model by Bacchetta and Van Wincoop (2006: Can information heterogeneity explain the exchange rate determination puzzle? American Economic Review, 96, pp. 552-576.) that combines both liquidity and information effects.
Idiopathic Gingival Hyperplasia

Gingival hyperplasia is a rare condition but it is important for cosmetic and mechanic reasons and because of its potential as an indicator of systemic disease. Gingival fibromatosis may exist as an isolated abnormality or as part of a syndrome. In this article a case that was diagnosed clinically and histologically as idiopathic gingival fibromatosis is presented. Patient with gingival hyperplasia should be examined to exclude other reasons to determine the idiopathic gingival fibromatosis or not. Treatment is not required in all cases of idiopathic gingival hyperplasia. Surgical excision is indicated if mechanical problems exist. Recurrence has not been reported.
Ubiquitous Usage of a Broad Coverage French Corpus: Processing the Est Republicain corpus

In this paper, we introduce a set of resources that we have derived from the EST REPUBLICAIN CORPUS, a large, freely-available collection of regional newspaper articles in French, totaling 150 million words. Our resources are the result of a full NLP treatment of the EST REPUBLICAIN CORPUS: handling of multi-word expressions, lemmatization, part-of-speech tagging, and syntactic parsing. Processing of the corpus is carried out using statistical machine-learning approaches - joint model of data driven lemmatization and part- of-speech tagging, PCFG-LA and dependency based models for parsing - that have been shown to achieve state-of-the-art performance when evaluated on the French Treebank. Our derived resources are made freely available, and released according to the original Creative Common license for the EST REPUBLICAIN CORPUS. We additionally provide an overview of the use of these resources in various applications, in particular the use of generated word clusters from the corpus to alleviate lexical data sparseness for statistical parsing.
A transmitting knowledge of calculus of processes

In MAS (Multi-Agent System), communicating among agents is an important characteristic as it's important in transmitting information among agents, recognizing the status changing, and scheduling and accomplishing cooperation tasks. Different from the research in the field of computer science or others, communicating is to transmit knowledge in MAS. The existed works about transmitting knowledge of communicating were seldom. This paper proposed a transmitting knowledge of calculus of processes based on Robin Milner's CCS and studied its semantic features. This work constructs a fundament for the further developing of MAS formal semantics.
Repeated Cocaine Administration Increases Voltage-Sensitive Calcium Currents in Response to Membrane Depolarization in Medial Prefrontal Cortex Pyramidal Neurons

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a critical role in cocaine addiction. However, evidence to elucidate how the mPFC is functionally involved in cocaine addiction remains incomplete. Recent studies have revealed that repeated cocaine administration induces various neuroadaptations in pyramidal mPFC neurons, including a reduction in voltage-gated K+ currents (VGKCs) and a possible increase in voltage-sensitive Ca2+ currents (ICa). Here, we performed both current-clamp recordings in brain slices and voltage-clamp recordings in freshly dissociated cells to determine whether ICa is altered in mPFC pyramidal neurons after chronic cocaine treatment with a short-term or long-term withdrawal. In addition, a critical role of VGKCs in regulating the generation of Ca2+ plateau potential was also studied in mPFC neurons. Repeated cocaine administration significantly prolonged the duration of evoked Ca2+ plateau potentials and increased the whole-cell ICa in mPFC neurons after a 3 d withdrawal. Selective blockade of L-type Ca2+ channels by nifedipine not only significantly increased the threshold but also reduced the duration and amplitude of Ca2+ plateau potentials in both saline- and cocaine-withdrawn mPFC neurons. However, there was no significant difference in the increased threshold, reduced duration, and decreased amplitude of Ca2+ potentials between saline- and cocaine-withdrawn neurons after blockade of L-type Ca2+ channels. Moreover, an increase in amplitude was also observed, whereas the prolonged duration persisted, in Ca2+ potentials after 2-3 weeks of withdrawal. These findings indicate that chronic exposure to cocaine facilitates the responsiveness of ICa, particularly via the activated L-type Ca2+ channels, to excitatory stimuli in rat mPFC pyramidal neurons.
Application of energy reduction techniques using niched pareto GA of energy analzyer for HPC applications

Energy consumption of High Performance Computing (HPC) architectures, on the path to exa-scale systems, is still a challenging problem among the HPC community owing to the technological issues, such as, power limitations of processor technologies, increased degree of parallelism (both in a node level and in a system level), and a hefty cost of communication which arises while executing applications on such architectures. In addition, the increased electrical billing and the other ensuing ecological hazards, including climate changes, have urged several researchers to focus much on framing solutions that address the energy consumption issues of future HPC systems. Reducing the energy consumption of HPC systems, however, is not an easy task due to its assorted nature of muddled up complicated issues that are tightly dependent on the performance of applications, the energy efficiency of hardware components, and the energy consumption of the compute center infrastructure. This paper presents Niched Pareto Genetic Algorithm (NPGA) based application of energy reduction techniques, namely, code version selection mechanism and compiler optimization switch selection mechanism, for HPC applications using Energy Analyzer tool. The proposed mechanism was tested with HPC applications, such as, MPI-C based HPCC benchmarks, Jacobi, PI, and matrix multiplication applications, on the HPCCLoud Research Laboratory of our premise. This paper could be of an interest to various researchers, namely, HPC application developers, performance analysis tool developers, environmentalist, and energy-aware hardware designers.
Architecture of SystemC based emulator for ReMAP

A SystemC based emulator architecture optimized for reconfigurable array processor is proposed. With novel architecture, the emulator support performance evaluation, rtl co-simulation as well as system software development. The emulator has been used in the development of a reconfigurable multimedia application processor (ReMAP) which has been successfully fabricated under SMIC 0.18um processing1.
The Relationship of Student Attitude Toward Instrumental Music to Beginning Instructional Grade and Grade Level Organization.

Subjects included 2249 seventh grade band students ftom 45 schools who were surveyed to determine their attitude toward band participation in an attempt to seek relationships between these attitudes and beginning instruction grade. Further, two types of grade level organizations were compared with student attitude: schools that housed (a) grades five and six in the same building (unified setting); and (b) fifth and sixth grades in separate buildings (split setting). Results indicated that (a) in split school settings, seventh grade students who began instruction in the sixth grade had a slightly more positive attitude toward instrumental music than those who began in fifth grade; and (b) in unified school settings, students' attitudes were similar regardless of the starting grade of instruction.
Activation of multiple pathways during photoreceptor apoptosis in the rd mouse.

PURPOSE The primary purpose of this study was to characterize photoreceptor apoptosis in the rd mouse. Given that apoptosis is the final common pathway in many cases of retinal degeneration, the ability to retard or even arrest this process may ameliorate retinal disorders such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The absence of any recognized therapy emphasizes the fact that a detailed knowledge of the molecular events involved is necessary to identify rational targets for therapeutic intervention. METHODS Flow cytometry was used to measure physical and chemical characteristics in the photoreceptor population. Individual cells flow in suspension past one or more lasers, scattering light and emitting fluorescence. Western blot techniques demonstrated cleavage of calpain-specific substrates. Retinal explant cultures were used for inhibitor studies. Postnatal day 10 (P(10)) rd retinas were cultured without retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) attached up to P(17). RESULTS This study demonstrated calcium overload in the cytosol and subsequently in mitochondria. Mitochondrial membrane depolarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected later, during the peak of cell death. Analysis of downstream events indicated early activation of calcium-activated calpains. Treatment of rd retinal explants with the calpain inhibitor N-acetyl-Leu-Leu-Nle-CHO (ALLN) successfully inhibited calpain-induced alpha-fodrin cleavage, yet it did not protect against photoreceptor degeneration. Finally, the results demonstrate an increase in the levels of both precursor and processed forms of the aspartate protease cathepsin D. CONCLUSIONS Excessive calcium influx is an early event that initiates the activation of calcium-activated proteases. However, these proteases are not singularly the cause of death, because their inhibition does not prevent apoptosis. Indeed, the results presented herein suggest that multiple pathways are involved and that each of these components may have to be addressed for cell death to be successfully inhibited.
Co-Evolving Influence Map Tree Based Strategy Game Players

We investigate the use of genetic algorithms to evolve AI players for real-time strategy games. To overcome the knowledge acquisition bottleneck found in using traditional expert systems, scripts, or decision trees we evolve players through co-evolution. Our game players are implemented as resource allocation systems. Influence map trees are used to analyze the game-state and determine promising places to attack, defend, etc. These spatial objectives are chained to non-spatial objectives (train units, build buildings, gather resources) in a dependency graph. Players are encoded within the individuals of a genetic algorithm and co-evolved against each other, with results showing the production of strategies that are innovative, robust, and capable of defeating a suite of hand-coded opponents