Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Customer Service and Students' Enrollment Into Private Universities

Students’ enrollment into private universities is becoming highly competitive, thereby forcing universities to develop strategies that will not only retain current students but also prospective students’ enrollment decision. This study examined the relationship between customer service and student enrollment in a leading Nigerian private university, as well as the readiness of the already enrolled students to make recommendations about the private university to others. A survey of 125 undergraduate students of American University of University (AUN), Yola was conducted in order to find out the dimensions that are considered important by students in their enrolment decision, and the relationship between the services offered by the university and enrollment decision. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between customer service and students’ enrolment as hypothesized in the study. It was found that faculty expertise, friendly attitude by faculty and staff, convenience, accessibility and environment are the favourable dimensions regarded by students as constituting good customer service that influence enrolment into private universities. Overall, the study found a significant positive relationship between customer service and students’ enrolment decision. The study showed that customer relation has great impact on the enrolment of students into private universities in Nigeria as well as making favourable word-of-mouth recommendations to future enrollees. The study recommends that private universities should incorporate a greater customer care orientation into their strategic planning and frequently revise working relations tools to determine their effectiveness in order to have a competitive advantage and gain a big market share of the higher education industry.
Deletion of Rac in Mature Osteoclasts Causes Osteopetrosis, an Age‐Dependent Change in Osteoclast Number, and a Reduced Number of Osteoblasts In Vivo

Rac1 and Rac2 are thought to have important roles in osteoclasts. Therefore, mice with deletion of both Rac1 and Rac2 in mature osteoclasts (DKO) were generated by crossing Rac1flox/flox mice with mice expressing Cre in the cathepsin K locus and then mating these animals with Rac2‐/‐ mice. DKO mice had markedly impaired tooth eruption. Bone mineral density (BMD) was increased 21% to 33% in 4‐ to 6‐week‐old DKO mice at all sites when measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) and serum cross‐linked C‐telopeptide (CTx) was reduced by 52%. The amount of metaphyseal trabecular bone was markedly increased in DKO mice, but the cortices were very thin. Spinal trabecular bone mass was increased. Histomorphometry revealed significant reductions in both osteoclast and osteoblast number and function in 4‐ to 6‐week‐old DKO animals. In 14‐ to 16‐week‐old animals, osteoclast number was increased, although bone density was further increased. DKO osteoclasts had severely impaired actin ring formation, an impaired ability to generate acid, and reduced resorptive activity in vitro. In addition, their life span ex vivo was reduced. DKO osteoblasts expressed normal differentiation markers except for the expression of osterix, which was reduced. The DKO osteoblasts mineralized normally in vitro, indicating that the in vivo defect in osteoblast function was not cell autonomous. Confocal imaging demonstrated focal disruption of the osteocytic dendritic network in DKO cortical bone. Despite these changes, DKO animals had a normal response to treatment with once‐daily parathyroid hormone (PTH). We conclude that Rac1 and Rac2 have critical roles in skeletal metabolism. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Introduction: China's Managerial Revolution

In recent years, the reform of Chinese management has been high on the PRC government's agenda. Since 1978, China has been moving from a command economy to a socialist market economy. As part of this process, it has had to turn its economic cadres into managers. In this edited collection, we first look at the ways in which the Dengist market-driven management model has been introduced, first at the macro level and then at the micro, enterprise level. Then we look at how old state-owned ‘dinosaur’ firms are being reformed, which has potentially enormous implications for managers. The ‘contract responsibility’ system, another theme we analyse, has, for example, increased managers' autonomy in decision making. We also look at specific examples of such reforms in the construction industry and in sales management. In addition, themes such as setting up a joint venture, managerial and organizational learning, as well as managers' motivation and HRM, are discussed.
Biochemical characterization of four novel mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor β gene in patients with resistance to thyroid hormone

In resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH), decreased tissue responsiveness to thyroid hormones is usually caused by mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor β (THRB) gene. Subsequently, in serum the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is not suppressed despite increased concentrations of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). In our laboratory, DNA sequences of exon 7 to 10 in the THRB gene have been analysed in individuals with biochemical signs of RTH. Four novel point mutations were identified (I250T, A279E, T327A and L440P) and their effects on T3 binding activity characterized. The mutations were introduced into a vector carrying the wild‐type THRB cDNA by in vitro mutagenesis. T3‐binding activity was measured by a filter‐binding assay procedure in receptors generated from the vector by in vitro transcription and translation. Specific binding was calculated as total activity subtracted by non‐specific activity. The association constants (Ka) of the wild‐type (WT) and mutant receptors were determined by Scatchard analysis. No specific T3‐binding was observed for the receptor with the A279E mutation. The binding affinity was reduced by 74 % in the T327A mutant and by about 50 % in the I250T and L440P mutants compared to the WT receptor (Ka = 4.2×1010 L/mol). The reduction of T3‐binding affinity caused by the four mutations in our study is comparable to the effects of THRB gene mutations found in other patients with RTH and supports the assumption that the signs of RTH observed in our patients are caused by the mutations.
A study on Management of cultural diversity through understanding the problems of foreign Students

We are today witnessing globalization in education on a scale never seen before. As a consequence cultural diversity has increased which has paved way for strong and effective diversity management skills. Diversity Management activities includes educating the group and providing support for the acceptance of and respect for various racial, cultural, societal, economic and political background. Cultural diversity leads to Cultural Dissonance. Foreign students constitute an important cluster in any University. Cultural differences faced by the foreign students become challenging job, as academicians are not trained to handle such students along with the host country students. In the present scenario higher education gaining importance and with the increase of foreign students it has become curial to manage cultural diversity of different countries it is more imperative to welcome the foreign students to encourage a global relationship which helps in fostering and ensuring that globalization and to take it to a higher level in education sector and also aim at enhancing the level of employability to integrate them along with the corporate culture. This paper attempts to understand the problems faced by foreign students and manage effectively the cultural diversity and also gives a scope for educational sector to foster global education
GENETIC COMPONENTS TO CASTE ALLOCATION IN A MULTIPLE‐QUEEN ANT SPECIES

Reproductive division of labor and the coexistence of distinct castes are hallmarks of insect societies. In social insect species with multiple queens per colony, the fitness of nestmate queens directly depends on the process of caste allocation (i.e., the relative investment in queen, sterile worker and male production). The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic components to the process of caste allocation in a multiple‐queen ant species. We conducted controlled crosses in the Argentine ant Linepithema humile and established single‐queen colonies to identify maternal and paternal family effects on the relative production of new queens, workers, and males. There were significant effects of parental genetic backgrounds on various aspects of caste allocation: the paternal lineage affected the proportion of queens and workers produced whereas the proportions of queens and males, and females and males were influenced by the interaction between parental lineages. In addition to revealing nonadditive genetic effects on female caste determination in a multiple‐queen ant species, this study reveals strong genetic compatibility effects between parental genomes on caste allocation components.
The Role of University Characteristics in Determining Post-Graduation Outcomes: Panel Evidence from Three Canadian Cohorts

À partir des cohortes de l’Enquête nationale auprès des diplômés, nous analysons les revenus des Canadiens détenteurs d’un baccalauréat cinq ans après l’obtention de leur diplôme. Nos résultats montrent qu’il y a un lien important entre les revenus et l’université qui décerne le diplôme, puisque nous observons des corrélations entre les revenus et les caractéristiques des universités fréquentées. Par exemple, le nombre plus élevé d’étudiants de premier cycle, qui entraîne possiblement un enseignement de qualité moins élevée, est lié à des revenus inférieurs. Chez les hommes, mais pas chez les femmes, un ratio professeurs-étudiants plus élevé est lié à des revenus significativement plus élevés. Quand on ne tient pas compte de la majeure des étudiants, qui peut être liée de façon endogène à l’université fréquentée, l’effet des caractéristiques des universités est encore plus marqué. Notons toutefois que les caractéristiques des universités ne sont pas fortement liées à la probabilité d’obtenir un emploi après l’obtention d’un diplôme.
Characterization of the Mouse Cyp1B1 Gene

Transcriptional activation of theCyp1B1 gene in rodents is stimulated by both polycyclic hydrocarbons and cAMP. The mouse Cyp1B1 gene structure contains three exons, of which the second nucleotide of exon 2 is the translation start site. Primer extension analysis identified a transcription start domain defining an exon 1 of 371 base pairs. The sequence 1.075 kilobases upstream of the transcription start site showed 11 xenobiotic-responsive elements (XRE) (T n GCGTG or GCGTG) that are putative aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-binding sites and three steroidogenic factor-1 motifs that are associated with cAMP-mediated transcriptional activation of genes. A transiently transfected Cyp1B1-luciferase construct, composed of exon 1 and 1.075 kilobases of 5′-flanking region, was induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; 10.0 ± 3.0-fold, n = 6) in C3H10T1/2 cells, which exclusively express Cyp1B1. The 90-base pair basal promoter contains two SP-1 sites, one SF-1 site, and a TATA-like box. TCDD induction and basal expression were dependent on positive regulatory elements present between −1075 and −810. Five XRE motifs localized in the enhancer region were completely conserved between mouse and humanCYP1B1 sequences. Similar inductions were seen in Hepa-1 cells, which express Cyp1A1 but not Cyp1B1. However, basal Cyp1B1 promoter activities were 4–10-fold higher in C3H10T1/2 cells providing the enhancer region was present, partially reproducing the in vivo cell-specific expression of Cyp1B1. Gel shift experiments established that TCDD stimulates AhR binding to the downstream XRE in the enhancer region. However, oligonucleotides that encompass two other XREs show a high affinity complex of similar size that is evident even without TCDD treatment and that does not contain either the AhR or AhR nuclear translocator. The fourth XRE is immediately adjacent to an E-box, and this oligonucleotide formed a smaller complex that was dependent on this E-box sequence. Negative regulatory sequences have been located between the promoter and TCDD-responsive enhancer regions. Constitutive expression of the Cyp1B1 gene was lost in AhR-deficient cells and was restored by transfected AhR cDNA. Reporter constructs function in a parallel manner, demonstrating the key role of the AhR in constitutive as well as TCDD-induced expression of Cyp1B1in mouse embryo fibroblasts.
Visceral adiposity index is highly associated with adiponectin values and glycaemic disturbances

Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is a gender‐specific mathematical index estimated with the use of simple anthropometric (body mass index and waist circumference) and biochemical (triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol) parameters. Recent studies have shown that VAI reflects accurately the degree of visceral adiposity and insulin resistance. However, up to now, VAI has not been evaluated if it correlates with carbohydrate metabolism disorders, as well as with adipokine secretion from the fat mass.
Input subsidy programs in sub-Saharan Africa: a synthesis of recent evidence

Input subsidy programs have once again become a major plank of agricultural development strategies in Africa. Ten African governments spend roughly US$1 billion annually on input subsidy programs (ISPs), amounting to 28.6% of their public expenditures on agriculture. This article reviews the microlevel evidence on ISPs undertaken since the mid 2000s. We examine the characteristics of subsidy beneficiaries, crop response rates to fertilizer application and their influence on the performance of subsidy programs, the impacts of subsidy programs on national fertilizer use and the development of commercial input distribution systems, and finally the impact of ISPs on food price levels and poverty rates. The weight of the evidence indicates that the costs of the programs generally outweigh their benefits. Findings from other developing areas with a higher proportion of crop area under irrigation and with lower fertilizer prices—factors that should provide higher returns to fertilizer subsidies than in Africa—indicate that at least a partial reallocation of expenditures from fertilizer subsidies to R&D and infrastructure would provide higher returns to agricultural growth and poverty reduction. However, because ISPs enable governments to demonstrate tangible support to constituents, they are likely to remain on the African landscape for the foreseeable future. Hence, the study identifies ways in which benefits can be enhanced through changes in implementation modalities and complementary investments within a holistic agricultural intensification strategy. Among the most important of these are efforts to reduce the crowding out of commercial fertilizer distribution systems and programs to improve soil fertility to enable farmers to use fertilizer more efficiently. The challenges associated with achieving these gains are likely to be formidable.
The impact of transformational labor leadership on members' willingness to participate in union activities in Korea: exploration of universality and substitutability for antagonism

Korean labor movement was known as militant and dynamic, historically it was based on antagonistic social psychology against military government and employer. This study explored empirically the main impact of transformational leadership on union members' willingness to participate in union activities as well as role substitutability between transformational leader behavior and members' ideological psychology over the impacts on members' willingness to participate in union activities, based on Korean labor contexts. The elements of members' ideological psychology that are introduced in this study are ‘them and us attitude’ and ‘union instrumentality’. The empirical results are as follows. The main impact of transformational leadership on members' willingness to participate in union activities was positive, and the interactional impacts of leadership and social psychology of members on members' willingness to participate in union activities were significantly negative. This result suggests that transformational leadership and members' ideological psychology are acting as substitutes over the impact on members' willingness to participate in union activities. This implies that modern union activation may be more dependent on the dyadic relationships between leader and member rather than ideological psychology of members against employers which has reflected the antagonistic employment relations.
Infanticide risk and the evolution of male–female association in primates

Year–round association between adult males and females is common in primates, even though internal gestation and lactation predispose males to mate–desertion in the majority of mammals. Because there is little a priori support for alternative explanations, we hypothesized that permanent male–female association in primates serves to reduce the risk of infanticide by strange males whenever females and infants are closely associated. For a phylogenetic test of this hypothesis, we reconstructed the evolution of male–female and female–infant association among primates. The results of Maddison's concentrated changes test confirmed the prediction that mother–infant association, as opposed to infant parking, and female–male association did not evolve independently. Changes in litter size and activity, in contrast, were not significantly associated with evolutionary changes in male–female association. Thus, we demonstrate a fundamental link between primate life history and social behaviour, explain the most basic type of variation in primate social organization, and propose an additional determinant of social organization that may also operate in other mammals.
Duration of Alphavirus neutralizing antibody in naturally infected birds.

Native birds, mostly passerine species, ecologically associated with Culiseta melanura, the enzootic vector of eastern equine encephalomyelitis and Highlands J viruses in the eastern United States, were examined over a 12-year period in southeastern Massachusetts. These studies concentrated on those individual birds known, by banding returns, to be residents of large wooded swamps where both eastern equine encephalomyelitis and Highlands J viruses were known to be enzootic. Of 8,417 birds sampled, 1,227 (14.6%) were recaptured one or more times (mean 2.7 times). Antibody profiles on individuals nesting or feeding in enzootic areas were determined from serial blood samples drawn from these recaptured birds. The duration of detectable neutralizing antibody in these birds was found to be ephemeral in some species (e.g., black-capped chickadees) and extremely longlasting in others (e.g., gray catbirds, swamp sparrows). The significance of these findings to arbovirus surveillance programs is discussed.
Jobs or amenities? Destination choices of migrant engineers in the USA*

The paper analyses factors influencing the destinations chosen by 13 different categories of migrant engineers in the USA between 1994 to 1999. Migration patterns are analysed with the aid of fractional-response regression models. The objective is to assess the relative weight of employment opportunities and selected amenities in guiding the migratory shifts of these workers. Engineers are divided into two categories representing individuals of working age and those who are either retired or are close to retirement. The results indicate that local employment opportunities have a dominant impact on the destinations chosen by the former group and that amenities play virtually no role in this regard. However, warmer winters have some modest positive effect on destinations chosen by the latter group. Copyright (c) 2009 the author(s). Journal compilation (c) 2009 RSAI.
Post‐artesunate delayed haemolysis in severe imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria

A female wildlife conservation worker based in South Africa presented with severe malaria (hypotensive shock and 30% parasitaemia level). She had not been on malaria prophylaxis. Six months earlier she had a febrile illness after a tick bite, which was treated with doxycycline with complete resolution. Blood tests revealed renal impairment, abnormal liver function tests with coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia without intravascular haemolysis. Systemic examination was unremarkable.
Price Competition between International Airline Alliances

This paper develops a model of price competition between two international airline alliances, with consumers' preferences vertically differentiated by the number of stops. Alliances benefit the interline passengers. Alliances with antitrust immunity do not benefit interline passengers more than those without antitrust immunity, in contrast to the Cournot-type settings. While antitrust immunity leads to higher fares for non-stop travel between hubs of alliance partners, granting it might be necessary to induce consolidation between carriers. Formation of alliances with antitrust immunity is consistent with the proposed model, even though such is likely to decrease individual carriers' profit.
The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rapid‐acting insulin analogues and their clinical consequences

Postprandial glucose excursions can inhibit achievement of good glycaemic control, and possibly have a specific effect on the risk of vascular comorbidities. Rapid‐acting analogues control these excursions better than human insulin because their pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profile is closer to that of meal‐time endogenous insulin secretion. Review of the findings of PK/PD studies and clinical trials suggests that the three marketed rapid‐acting analogues—insulin lispro, insulin aspart and insulin glulisine—are equally efficacious and safe. In comparison with human insulin when using the same basal insulin, they provide comparable glycaemic control with a reduced risk of hypoglycaemia, although the combination of rapid‐acting and basal analogues reduces glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) more than human meal‐time insulin combined with neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. Some studies have suggested that insulin glulisine has a slightly faster onset of action compared with insulin lispro or insulin aspart, but this has not been translated into demonstrable clinical benefit. Treatment satisfaction in patients with diabetes has been higher when therapy with a rapid‐acting analogue is used instead of human insulin, perhaps due to differences in advised timing of injection. The largest benefits in efficacy, hypoglycaemia incidence, treatment satisfaction and quality of life have occurred when patients receive an all‐analogue meal‐time plus basal regimen as compared with an all‐human insulin regimen. No new safety issues have been identified with the marketed rapid‐acting analogues, and their insulin‐like growth factor 1receptor affinity and mitogenic activity are comparable to human insulin.