Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Clickbait Headlines on User Responses: An Empirical Investigation

This study investigates the influence of a conventional method of delivering news headlines, clickbait, on online users’ perceptions and responses. An experiment was conducted on two groups of news headlines—traditional news and clickbait— to provide empirical evidence of the effects of clickbait on online users. The findings suggest that clickbait headlines can evoke users’ arousal and curiosity. In addition, the results from structural equation modeling fill the gap in the literature by providing evidence of the factors influencing users’ intention to read and share online news. The results reveal that while the major determinant of users’ intention to read news stories is curiosity, perceived knowledge quality appears to be the main factor users consider when sharing online news stories.
A new method to achieve tens of nm axial super-localization based on conical diffraction PSF shaping

We present a method for Z-super-localization in fluorescence microscopy, based on conical diffraction. By using a thin biaxial crystal, the Point Spread Function (PSF) shape of an objective is made to depend strongly on the z coordinate. This z dependence is then exploited to localize fluorescent emitters axially with a great precision. We study how this method can be used for single molecule imaging with a global assessment by Fisher information analysis. Preliminary experiments demonstrate that this technique can obtain resolutions of tens of nm with the use of high NA objectives.
Infinite horizon stable predictive control

Terminal constraints guarantee the stability of predicted trajectories and form the basis of predictive control algorithms with guaranteed stability. Earlier work in the literature uses terminal constraints which define sufficient but not necessary conditions for the stability of predicted trajectories. In this paper we deploy conditions which are both necessary and sufficient and hence release more degrees of freedom for optimizing performance and/or meeting constraints. Also an alternative means of computing the implied infinite horizon GPC cost, avoiding the need for solving a Lyapunov equation, is presented.
Accurate Design of Output Filter for DC–DC PWM Buck Converter and Derived Topologies

This paper presents an analysis of an LCR second-order low-pass filter capacitor to achieve a specified ripple output voltage in Buck, forward, Zeta, and Ćuk PWM DC-DC power converters for continuous-conduction mode (CCM). Current and voltage waveforms across output filter components are derived. Using the waveform of the ac component of the output voltage, an expression for the ripple voltage is developed in terms of the filter capacitance and equivalent series resistance. The results can be used for all PWM converters with the LCR output filter, such as Buck, forward, Zeta, and Ćuk PWM DC-DC converters. Theoretical results were in good agreement with simulation and experimental results.
Multi-Targeting Intranasal Nanoformulation as a Therapeutic for Alzheimer’s Disease

Melatonin, insulin, and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) have been shown to reverse cognitive deficits and attenuate neuropathologies in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) when used individually. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic properties of long-term intranasal treatment with a novel nanoformulation containing melatonin, insulin, and THC in aged APPswe/PS1ΔE9 (APP/PS1) mice, a transgenic model of AD. Transgenic mice at the age of 12 months were intranasally administered with a new nanoformulation containing melatonin, insulin, and THC at doses of 0.04, 0.008, and 0.02 mg/kg, respectively, once daily for 3 months. The spatial memory of the mice was assessed using the radial arm water maze (RAWM) test before and after drug treatment. Brain tissues were collected at the end of the treatment period for the assessment of Aβ load, tauopathy state, and markers of mitochondrial function. The RAWM test revealed that the treatment with the melatonin–insulin–THC (MIT) nasal spray improved the spatial learning memory of APP/PS1 mice significantly. Results of protein analyses of brain homogenates indicated that MIT treatment significantly decreased the tau phosphorylation implicated in tau toxicity (p < 0.05) and the expression of CKMT1 associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, MIT significantly decreased the expression of two mitochondrial fusion-related proteins, Mfn2 and Opa1 (p < 0.01 for both), while increasing the expression of a mitophagy regulator, Parkin, suggesting a compensatory enhancement of mitophagy due to MIT-promoted mitochondrial fusion. In conclusion, this study was the first to demonstrate the ability of an MIT nanoformulation to improve spatial memory in AD mice through its multi-targeting effects on Aβ production, tau phosphorylation, and mitochondrial dynamics. Thus, MIT may be a safe and effective therapeutic for AD.
Dual-band frequency reconfigurable 5G microstrip antenna

Microstrip Antenna is widely developed and used in modern telecommunications equipment because of its advantages. Microstrip antenna is also used in 5G development which is expected to increase communication capacity and also be able to provide very large data rates. The frequency used in 5G is 28, 38, and 78 GHz. However, the 5G network with high frequency has a weakness: transmitted waves are vulnerable to weather because of their dense waveform. Therefore, the multiband is used to support different frequencies in one antenna. Furthermore, antenna reconfiguration is used to set the antenna to work on a different frequency and adjust different radiation patterns depending on the needs without changing the form of the antenna. This paper proposes the dual-band frequency reconfigurable antenna with RT Duroid 5880 as its substrate using PIN diodes placed between the main patch and secondary patch element and simulated on CST software for 28 GHz and 38 GHz with two conditions, ON and OFF. Both simulated and measured results show that the antenna can work well as intended. During the OFF condition, the antenna only works at 38 GHz, while in the ON condition, the antenna works at 28 GHz and 38 GHz, respectively.
A study of the multi-canonical Monte Carlo method

We present a study of the multi-canonical Monte Carlo method which constructs and exploits Monte Carlo procedures that sample across an extended space of macrostates. We examine the strategies by which the sampling distribution can be constructed, showing, in particular, that a good approximation to this distribution may be generated efficiently by exploiting measurements of the transition rate between macrostates, in simulations launched from sub-dominant macrostates. We explore the utility of the method in the measurement of absolute free energies, and how it compares with traditional methods based on path integration. We present new results revealing the behaviour of the magnetization distribution of a critical finite-sized magnet, for magnetization values extending from the scaling region all the way to saturation.
Identifications of Surfactin-Type Biosurfactants Produced by Bacillus Species Isolated from Rhizosphere of Vegetables

Surfactins are cyclic lipopeptides consisting of a β-hydroxy fatty acid of variable chain length and a peptide ring of seven amino acids linked together by a lactone bridge, forming the cyclic structure of the peptide chain. These compounds are produced mainly by Bacillus species and are well regarded for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. For their surfactin production profiling, several Bacillus strains isolated from vegetable rhizospheres were identified by their fatty acid methyl ester profiles and were tested against phytopathogen bacteria and fungi. The isolates showed significant inhibition against of E. amylovora, X. campestris, B. cinerea, and F. culmorum and caused moderate effects on P. syringae, E. carotovora, A. tumefaciens, F. graminearum, F. solani, and C. gloeosporioides. Then, an HPLC-HESI-MS/MS method was applied to simultaneously carry out the quantitative and in-depth qualitative characterisations on the extracted ferment broths. More than half of the examined Bacillus strains produced surfactin, and the MS/MS spectra analyses of their sodiated precursor ions revealed a total of 29 surfactin variants and homologues, some of them with an extremely large number of peaks with different retention times, suggesting a large number of variations in the branching of their fatty acid chains.
Comparison of diamond‐like carbon to diamond for applications

We note that many potential applications of diamond do not require single crystalline diamond, but use nano‐crystalline diamond, in order to have a smooth surface at low cost. We thus compare the possible use of amorphous diamond‐like carbon which is smooth, inert and can be deposited at high rate even at room temperature. These applications include most protective coatings and in future could include bio‐sensors, provided that high quality semiconducting properties are not needed. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Parasitic signals in the receiving band of the Sub-Harmonic Arc Detection system on JET ICRF Antennas

When testing the SHAD system on JET ICRF antennas, parasitic signals in the detection band (5–20MHz) were detected. We have identified emission from grid breakdown events in the Neutral Beam injectors, and Ion Cyclotron Emission from the plasma. Spurious signals in the band 4–10 MHz are also often observed at the onset of ELM events. Such parasitic signals could complicate the design and operation of SHAD in ICRF systems for fusion devices.
Generalized linear regression on sampled signals and curves: a P -spline approach

We consider generalized linear regression with many highly correlated regressors—for instance, digitized points of a curve on a spatial or temporal domain. We refer to this setting as signal regression, which requires severe regularization because the number of regressors is large, often exceeding the number of observations. We solve collinearity by forcing the coefficient vector to be smooth on the same domain. Dimension reduction is achieved by projecting the signal coefficient vector onto a moderate number of B splines. A difference penalty between the B-spline coefficients further increases smoothness-the P-spline framework of Eilers and Marx. The procedure is regulated by a penalty parameter chosen using information criteria or cross-validation.
Factors Affecting the Nutritional, Health, and Technological Quality of Durum Wheat for Pasta-Making: A Systematic Literature Review

Durum wheat is one of the most important food sources in the world, playing a key role in human nutrition, as well as in the economy of the different countries in which its production areas are concentrated. Its grain also represents a staple and highly versatile ingredient in the development of health foods. Nonetheless, the aspects determining durum wheat’s health quality and their interactions are many, complex, and not entirely known. Therefore, the present systematic literature review aims at advancing the understanding of the relationships among nutritional, health, and technological properties of durum wheat grain, semolina, and pasta, by evaluating the factors that, either positively or negatively, can affect the quality of the products. Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched utilising sets of keywords following the PRISMA guidelines, and the relevant results of the definitive 154 eligible studies were presented and discussed. Thus, the review identified the most promising strategies to improve durum wheat quality and highlighted the importance of adopting multidisciplinary approaches for such purposes.
First-principles study of the structural phase transformation of hafnia under pressure

We investigate the phase transformation of ${\mathrm{HfO}}_{2}$ under hydrostatic pressure through first-principles pseudopotential calculations within the local-density-functional approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). We find that with increasing of pressure, ${\mathrm{HfO}}_{2}$ undergoes a series of structural transformations from monoclinic to orthorhombic I and then to orthorhombic II, consistent with experiments. The calculated transition pressures within the GGA are in good agreement with the measured values, while they are severely underestimated by the LDA. Analyzing the distribution of electron densities for the high-pressure phases, we find that the electron densities of the orthorhombic-II phase are more homogeneous than for the orthorhombic-I phase. Due to this distinct difference in the homogeneity of electron densities, the energy difference between the orthorhombic-I and orthorhombic-II phases is enhanced in the GGA; thus, the transition pressure between the two phases increases significantly.
A real-time computer vision-based platform for fabric inspection part 1: algorithm

Developing an efficient real-time detection algorithm is quite important for an automated inspection system. This paper presents a practical method based on local singular value decomposition (SVD) and normalised cross-correlation (NCC) for real-time defect detection in woven fabrics. As fabric-textured images exhibit high periodicity among the repeated sub-patterns, non-defective or normal image samples (image patches) can be efficiently approximated as a linear combination of the basis vectors (BVs) obtained via SVD. Since these BVs are recovered from normal samples, they will only capture the key structural features of the non-defective images. When using the BVs to model new samples, we can expect defective or abnormal samples with structural features not found in normal cases will incur substantial approximation errors. Therefore, complex defect detection can be converted to a template matching problem, where the robust NCC is utilised to measure disparities between the original and its approximation for defect identification. Experimental results on various real-world fabrics exhibit accurate defect detection with low false alarm rate, and we also conduct a comparison with a feature extraction-based method to further confirm the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Photometry of Variables from Dome A, Antarctica

Abstract Dome A on the Antarctic plateau is likely one of the best observing sites on Earth (Saunders et al. 2009). We used the CSTAR telescope (Yuan et al. 2008) to obtain time-series photometry of 104 stars with i>14.5 mag during 128 days of the 2008 Antarctic winter season (Wang et al. 2011). During the 2010 season we observed 2 × 104 stars with i>15 mag for 183 days (Wang et al. 2012). We detected a total of 262 variables, a 6 × increase relative to previous surveys of the same area and depth carried out from temperate sites (Pojmanski 2004). Our observations show that high-precision, long-term photometry is possible from Antarctica and that astronomically useful data can be obtained during 80% of the winter season.
Environmental effects of Maersk Line’s global container shipping operation

ABSTRACT This article investigates emissions from a container ship fleet’s worldwide operation regarding spatial distribution and negative externality on regional ports. It is the first to study the adverse effects of a mega operator’s transport activities. A bottom-up model is developed to compute emissions using ships’ voyage data and applied in the service network of Maersk Line, the world’s biggest carrier. The fleet of 653 units (3.52 m TEUs) serves a global network with a weekly travelling distance of 1,043,845 miles. Such large-scale activities result in weekly emissions of 683,428 tonnes of CO2 and other pollutants, equivalent to an external cost of €202.3 m. Emissions are primarily released on the focal East-West shipping network to connect East Asia, Europe, and North America. The fleet serves 353 ports in all continents, but focuses mainly on a few strategic spots, leading to most in-port emissions in East Asia, Europe, and the Mediterranean Sea.
Vaccine Formulation Strategies and Challenges Involved in RNA Delivery for Modulating Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Race from Laboratory to Market

It has been demonstrated that noncoding RNAs have significant physiological and pathological roles. Modulation of noncoding RNAs may offer therapeutic approaches as per recent findings. Small RNAs, mostly long noncoding RNAs, siRNA, and microRNAs make up noncoding RNAs. Inhibiting or promoting protein breakdown by binding to 3’ untranslated regions of target mRNA, microRNAs post-transcriptionally control the pattern of gene expression. Contrarily, long non-coding RNAs perform a wider range of tasks, including serving as molecular scaffolding, decoys, and epigenetic regulators. This article provides instances of long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs that may be a biomarker of CVD (cardiovascular disease). In this paper we highlight various RNA-based vaccine formulation strategies designed to target these biomarkers—that are either currently in the research pipeline or are in the global pharmaceutical market—along with the physiological hurdles that need to be overcome.
Impact of Obesity on Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Obesity may result in increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and affect clinical outcomes of patients with IAH and/or ACS. This study aims to establish the impact of obesity on the clinical outcomes of IAH and ACS patients. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, and Scopus was performed in August 2022. Nine studies comprising 9938 patients were included. There were 65.1% males (n = 6250/9596). Patient demographics, comorbidities, and morbidities were analyzed in correlation with obesity and IAP. Obese patients had a higher risk of IAH (OR 8.5, p < 0.001). Obesity was associated with the need for renal replacement therapy, intensive care unit-acquired infections, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome, length of hospital stay, and mortality. This review highlights the lacunae in the existing literature to underpin the direct impact of obesity, independent of obesity-associated comorbidities, on the clinical outcomes of IAH and ACS.
Observations of radiation from an electron beam artificially injected into the ionosphere

This paper reports the observations of waves generated by a controlled beam of particles artificially injected into the ionosphere and magnetosphere. The measurements were made during the Electron Echo 1 experiment, in which an electron accelerator was carried to a height of 350 km in the ionosphere from Wallops Island, Virginia, on an Aerobee 350 sounding rocket. It injected into the earth's magnetic field over 3000 16-ms pulses of electrons with 40-keV energy and a current of 70 mA at pitch angles between 70° and 110°. The ejected fiber glass nose cone carried antennas and receivers to measure the electric field of waves generated by the beam. Associated with the electron beam was radiation detected at frequencies near the electron plasma frequency of the background ionosphere, near twice the electron cyclotron frequency in the whistler mode, and near zero frequency. Associated with the operation of an argon plasma generator used to keep the accelerator neutralized were continuous emissions detected at frequencies near the lower-hybrid resonance (LHR). All of these wave modes have low phase velocities and hence can interact strongly with particles emitted from the rocket. A surprising result is that the amplitude of many of the emissions reaches a peak a few milliseconds after the start of a gun pulse and then falls to a much lower value, roughly consistent with incoherent emission, by the end of the pulse. The amplitude of the emissions at the LHR frequency and the electron cyclotron harmonic can only be accounted for by instabilities or coherent emission. The beam loses no significant power to waves, and close to the rocket, radiation does not play an important part in the dynamics of the beam generation. Even so, many wave modes can be observed at distances up to a few kilometers from the beam. No radiation from electrons returning from the conjugate region was detected, and no radiation associated with the experiment was detected on the ground.
A Low Phase Noise Oscillator Employing Weakly Coupled Cavities Using SISL Technology

A Ku-band low-phase noise oscillator, using a weakly coupled cavities resonator (WCCR), is proposed based on substrate-integrated suspended line (SISL) technology. Different from using a bandpass filter as the frequency selector for the feedback oscillator, we use weak coupling between resonators to form a resonator with a higher <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The theoretical analysis of weak coupling is derived. Under weak coupling, the equivalent <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and insertion loss of the WCCR is given based on the mathematical deduction. The proposed WCCR can double the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> factor of the single cavity resonator (SCR) at the expense of an increase in the insertion loss. Two oscillators using WCCR and SCR are designed and fabricated to verify the theoretical analysis. The measured results show that the loaded <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of WCCR increases by 80% compared with the SCR. The proposed oscillator has a low measured phase noise of −137.36 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the carrier frequency of 12.355 GHz, and the FOM is −207.12 dBc/Hz. Compared with the oscillator using SCR, the measured phase noise is improved by 5.13 dB. Moreover, the proposed oscillator based on SISL technology has the advantages of low cost, compact size, and self-packaging properties.
FKF1 Interacts with CHUP1 and Regulates Chloroplast Movement in Arabidopsis

Plants have mechanisms to relocate chloroplasts based on light intensities in order to maximize photosynthesis and reduce photodamage. Under low light, chloroplasts move to the periclinal walls to increase photosynthesis (accumulation) and move to the anticlinal walls under high light to avoid photodamage, and even cell death (avoidance). Arabidopsis blue light receptors phot1 and phot2 (phototropins) have been reported to regulate chloroplast movement. This study discovered that another blue light receptor, FLAVIN-BINDING KELCH REPEAT F-BOX1 (FKF1), regulates chloroplast photorelocation by physically interacting with chloroplast unusual positioning protein 1 (CHUP1), a critical component of the chloroplast motility system. Leaf cross-sectioning and red-light transmittance results showed that overexpression of FKF1 compromised the avoidance response, while the absence of FKF1 enhanced chloroplast movements under high light. Western blot analysis showed that CHUP1 protein abundance is altered in FKF1 mutants and overexpression lines, indicating a potential regulation of CHUP1 by FKF1. qPCR results showed that two photorelocation pathway genes, JAC1 and THRUMIN1, were upregulated in FKF1-OE lines, and overexpression of FKF1 in the THRUMIN1 mutant weakened its accumulation and avoidance responses, indicating that JAC1 and THRUMIN1 may play a role in the FKF1-mediated chloroplast avoidance response. However, the precise functional roles of JAC1 and THRUMIN1 in this process are not known.