Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Goes Around Comes Around

This paper provides a summary of 35 years of data model proposals, grouped into 9 different eras. We discuss the proposals of each era, and show that there are only a few basic data modeling ideas, and most have been around a long time. Later proposals inevitably bear a strong resemblance to certain earlier proposals. Hence, it is a worthwhile exercise to study previous proposals. In addition, we present the lessons learned from the exploration of the proposals in each era. Most current researchers were not around for many of the previous eras, and have limited (if any) understanding of what was previously learned. There is an old adage that he who does not understand history is condemned to repeat it. By presenting “ancient history”, we hope to allow future researchers to avoid replaying history. Unfortunately, the main proposal in the current XML era bears a striking resemblance to the CODASYL proposal from the early 1970’s, which failed because of its complexity. Hence, the current era is replaying history, and “what goes around comes around”. Hopefully the next era will be smarter.
TECHNICALREPORTS:METHODS Revisiting the Fundamental Analytical Solutions of Heat and Mass Transfer: The Kernel of Multirate and Multidimensional Diffusion

There are two types of analytical solutions of temperature/concentration in and heat/mass transfer through boundaries of regularly shaped 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D blocks. These inﬁnite-series solutions with either error functions or exponentials exhibit highly irregular but complementary convergence at different dimensionless times, t d . In this paper, approximate solutions were developed by combining the error-function-series solutions for early times and the exponential-series solutions for late times and by using time partitioning at the switchover time, t d 0 . The combined solutions contain either the leading term of both series for normal-accuracy approximations (with less than 0.003 relative error) or the ﬁrst two terms for high-accuracy approximations (with less than 10 2 7 relative error) for 1-D isotropic (spheres, cylinders, slabs) and 2-D/3-D rectangular blocks (squares, cubes, rectangles, and rectangular parallelepipeds). This rapid and uniform convergence for rectangular blocks was achieved by employing the same time partitioning with individual dimensionless times for different directions and the product of their combined 1-D slab solutions. The switchover dimensionless time was determined to minimize the maximum approximation errors. Furthermore, the analytical solutions of ﬁrst-order heat/mass ﬂux for 2-D/3-D rectangular blocks were derived for normal-accuracy approximations. These ﬂux equations contain the early-time solution with a three-term polynomial in ﬃﬃﬃﬃ t d p and the late-time solution with the limited-term exponentials for rectangular blocks. The heat/mass ﬂux equations and the combined temperature/ concentration solutions form the ultimate kernel for fast simulations of multirate and multidimensional heat/mass transfer in porous/fractured media with millions of low-permeability blocks of varying shapes and sizes.
Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer Rolls in Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery

Marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) roll plays an important role in the turbulent exchange of momentum, sensible heat, and moisture throughout MABL of tropical cyclone (TC). Hence, rolls are believed to be closely related to TC’s development, intensification, and decay processes. Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides a unique capability to image the sea surface imprints of quasi-linear streaks induced by the MABL rolls within a TC. In this study, sixteen SAR images, including three images acquired during three major hurricanes: Irma, Jose, and Maria in the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, were utilized to systematically map the distribution and wavelength of MABL rolls under the wide range of TC intensities. The images were acquired by SAR onboard RADARSAT-1/2, ENVISAT, and SENTINEL-1 satellites. Our findings are in agreement with the previous one case study of Hurricane Katrina (2005), showing the roll wavelengths are between 600 and 1,600 m. We also find that there exist roll imprints in eyewall and rainbands, although the boundary layer heights are shallower there. Besides, the spatial distribution of roll wavelengths is asymmetrical. The roll wavelengths are found to be the shortest around the storm center, increase and then decrease with distance from storm center, reaching the peak values in the range of d 22d , where d is defined as the physical location to TC centers normalized by the radius of maximum wind. These MABL roll characteristics cannot be derived using conventional aircraft and land-based Doppler radar observations.
Pyrocumulonimbus lightning and fire ignition on Black Saturday in southeast Australia

A number of devastating wildfires occurred in southeast Australia on 7 February 2009, colloquially known as Black Saturday. Atmospheric responses to this extreme fire event are investigated here with a focus on convective processes associated with fire activity (i.e., pyroconvection). We examine six different fire complexes on Black Saturday, finding three clearly distinct pyrocumulonimbus storms, the largest of which reached heights of 15 km on that day and generated hundreds of lightning strokes. The first lightning stroke was recorded near the largest fire complex 5 h after fire ignition. One of the pyrocumulonimbus storms was initiated close to midnight due to mesoscale influences, consistent with extreme fire behavior observed at that time for that particular fire. As another example of fire‐atmosphere interactions, a fire that started late on Black Saturday is examined in relation to ignition caused by pyrogenic lightning, with implications for understanding the maximum rate of spread of a wildfire. Results are discussed in relation to another pyrocumulonimbus event associated with the 2003 Canberra fires. Our findings are intended to provide a greater understanding of pyroconvection and fire‐atmosphere feedback processes, as well as help enhance wildfire response capabilities. We also demonstrate the potential for using lightning, radar, and satellite remote sensing in combination with thermodynamic analyses as well as synoptic and mesoscale dynamics to provide enhanced real‐time guidance for dangerous fire conditions associated with pyroconvection, as well as for the risk of new fire ignitions from pyrogenic lightning.
Sandtray and Sandplay in the Treatment of Trauma with Children and Adolescents: A Systemic Review

Experiencing a traumatic event during a developmental stage, such as childhood and adolescence, is related to an increased risk of physical and mental health problems during the rest of life. Given the high prevalence of traumatic experiences in childhood, there is a need for techniques such as Sandplay, which allows working with trauma in a way that is adapted to these children. The objective of this review is to compile the existing evidence on the efficacy of Sandplay Therapy (ST) in the treatment of trauma in children and adolescents. The results show a significant effect of ST on post-traumatic, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms, as well as on adolescents' adherence to therapy and on the well-being of children who have suffered collective traumatization (natural disasters, bombings, etc.). Although the studies in this review show encouraging evidence, there is a lack of studies, and it is necessary to subject Sandplay Therapy to more research with different populations and contexts. This way, the benefit that this tool can bring to the treatment of childhood trauma in the field of clinical psychology and child protection services will be confirmed.
Effect of Topical Atropine on Wound Contraction in Swiss Albino Mice : A preliminary report

The influence of topical application of atropine ointment was studied in artificially wounded Swiss albino mice. Full thickness excision wounds were made surgically on the dorsum of mice. One mm thick layer of atropine ointment was applied topically on the whole area of wound daily, till the healing of wound. The topical application of atropine ointment significantly delayed the contraction of wound in the atropine treated group when compared with the untreated controls. There was a significant delay in the mean wound healing time (HTM) in the atropine treated group when compared to untreated control group.
Morphometric Comparison and Prognostic Analysis of Permanent Maxillary Central Incisors with Eruption Disturbances—A Cross-Sectional Study

Aims: The aim of this study was to retrospectively compare the morphometrics of permanent maxillary central incisors with and without eruption disturbances, while simultaneously evaluating prognosis based on different factors. Materials and Methods: Seventy patients with unilateral permanent maxillary central incisor eruption disturbances were included. Within a group of 70 subjects, measurements were taken for both normally erupted central incisors and central incisors with eruption disturbances to determine the length of the roots and the volume of the teeth. Various factors, such as angulation of impaction, and vertical height of impaction, were assessed to investigate their correlation with surgical intervention. Results: Both the root length and tooth volume were significantly smaller in the eruption disturbance incisors than in the normally erupted incisors (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, there was a statistically significant increase in surgical intervention among cases with no clear physical barrier (primary retention) (p < 0.05) or when adjacent normally erupted central incisors exhibited more than 2/3 of root development (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study numerically demonstrated the delayed tooth development of the permanent maxillary central incisors with unilateral eruption disturbances compared to appropriately erupted incisors by measuring root length and tooth volume. The absence of obstacles and the degree of root development in adjacent erupted incisors might serve as factors for clinicians to determine the necessity and timing of surgical intervention.
Roles of CcDFR and CcOMT9 in the cyanidin biosynthesis and development of Cordyceps cicadae

Introduction Cordyceps cicadae is a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus known for its rich production of bioactive substances, particularly cyanidin, an anthocyanin commonly found in plants with notable anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antiviral, and antibacterial properties. This study revealed two key genes, CcDFR and CcOMT9, affecting cyanidin biosynthesis in C. cicadae. Methods The roles of these genes in cyanidin production, growth, and development were elucidated through the gene knockout method, phenotypic analysis, transcriptomics, and metabolomics. Results CcDFR deletion led to reduced cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), suppressed expression of cyanidin biosynthesis genes, impaired synnemata formation, decreased polysaccharide and adenosine content, and diminished chitinase activity. Meanwhile, the ΔCcOMT9 mutant exhibited an increase in C3G production, promoted expression of cyanidin biosynthesis genes and rising bioactive compounds, suppressed RNA methylation, and led to phenylalanine accumulation with no effect on fruiting body formation. Discussion We revealed a distinct anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in C. cicadae and identified two genes with opposite functions, laying the foundation for future genetic modification of cyanidin-producing strains using modern biological techniques. This will shorten the production period of this valuable compound, facilitating the industrial-scale production of cyanidin.
High Quality Silicon Carbide Epitaxial Growth by Novel Fluorosilane Gas Chemistry For Next Generation High Power Electronics

vi LIST OF TABLES . xi LIST OF FIGURES . xii LIST OF SYMBOLS . xviii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xix CHAPTER 1: SILICON CARBIDE . 1 1.
Modeling Stencils in a Multi-Level Intermediate Representation

Stencil computations arise in a wide variety of applications, from climate simulation to machine learning and image processing. In this report, we present a compiler intermediate representation speciﬁcally designed to express common constructs in stencil computational kernels. We describe the underlying principles of this intermediate representation and we show that it can be used to express complex stencils in the context of climate and weather simulation.
Decomposition of skill scores for conditional veriﬁcation – Impact of AMO phases on the predictability of decadal temperature forecasts

We present a decomposition of skill scores for the conditional veriﬁcation of weather and climate forecast systems. Aim is to evaluate the performance of such a system individually for predeﬁned subsets with respect to the overall performance. The overall skill score is decomposed into: (1) the subset skill score assessing the performance of a forecast system compared 5 to a reference system for a particular subset; (2) the frequency weighting accounting for varying subset size; (3) the reference weighting relating the performance of the reference system in the individual subsets to the performance of the full data set. The decomposition and its interpretation is exempliﬁed using a synthetic data set. Subsequently we use it for a practical example from the ﬁeld of decadal climate prediction: An evaluation of the Atlantic-European near-surface temperature forecast from the German initiative Mittelfristige Klimaprognosen (MiKlip) decadal prediction system conditional on different Atlantic Merid-10 ional Oscillation (AMO) phases during initialization. With respect to the chosen Western European North Atlantic sector, the decadal prediction system preop-dcpp-HR performs better than the un-initialized simulations mostly due to performance gain during a positive AMO phase. Compared to the predecessor system ( preop-LR ), no overall performance beneﬁts are made in this region, but positive contributions are achieved for initialization in neutral AMO phases. Additionally, the decomposition reveals a strong imbalance among the subsets (deﬁned by AMO phases) in terms of reference weighting allowing for so-15 phisticated interpretation and conclusions. This skill score decomposition framework for conditional veriﬁcation is a valuable tool to analyze the effect of physical processes on forecast performance and consequently supports model development and improvement of operational forecasts.
The diversity, community composition and seasonality of native and introduced ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in northern New Zealand

Although there are only eleven native ant species in New Zealand, little is known about their biology. This paper examines the diversity, community composition and seasonality of native and introduced ants at seven native forest sites in northern New Zealand using leaf litter sampling, pitfall trap sampling and foliage beating. A total of seven native, and five introduced ant species were caught in this study. Litter sampling yielded an average of 5.1 ants and 1.6 species per 1 × 1 m quadrat. Fifty five percent of quadrats had only one species and 88% of quadrats had two species. Pitfall sampling also caught few species, with a catch rate of only 0.215 ants per pitfall trap per day. The composition of ant species was similar throughout the year and also across sites. A simple seasonal pattern (i.e., based on day length) explained much of the variation in abundance (R 2 = 83%) and species richness (R 2 = 77%) of ants. In both litter and pitfall sampling, three species contributed > 90% of the abundance of all ants. The two most common ant species are predators, Hetero-ponera brounii (F OREL , 1892) and Pachycondyla castaneicolor (D ALLA T ORRE , 1893). Only five ant specimens were collected from foliage beating samples from twelve monthly samples of 40 plants. The lack of a diverse and abundant ant fauna could have significantly influenced the evolution of the New Zealand biota, but this remains to be investigated.
The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Employment , Capital and Productivity Dynamics : Evidence from the Uruguayan Manufacturing Sector July 2003

This paper studies the impact of trade liberalization on labor and capital gross flows and productivity in the Uruguayan Manufacturing Sector. Uruguay opened its economy in the presence of strong –at least initiallyunions and structural different industry concentration levels. Higher international exposure implied a slightly higher job creation and an important increase in job and capital destruction. Unions were able to ameliorate this effect. Although not associated with higher creation rates, unions were effective in reducing job and capital destruction. Industry concentration also was found to mitigate the destruction of jobs but had no effect on job creation nor in capital dynamics. The changes in the use of labor and capital brought an increase in total factor productivity specially in sectors where tariff reductions were larger and unions were not present. We found no evidence of varying productivity dynamics across different industry concentration levels. 1 The authors thank Marcel Vaillant and Inés Terra for providing the measures of trade liberalization. This paper benefited from comments from the participants to the IADB Seminar “Market Institutions, Labor Market Dynamics, Growth and Productivity” at CEMFI, Madrid, and from participants at internal workshops at the DE, FCS, Universidad de la República and Universidad ORT Uruguay. The usual disclaimer holds.
FROM MOON TO COMET LANDING: RE-IMAGINING (SCIENTIFIC) MEDIA EVENTS IN THE AGE OF TWITTER

The Apollo 11 space mission took place 46 years ago. It was an international event covered by the largest media sources of the time. The global participation to this scientific and technological achievement is commonly considered a turning point in the history of media. In a near-perfect comparison to the famous 1969 event, on November 12 2014, the European Space Agency's (ESA) Rosetta spacecraft and Philae made history landing for the first time on a comet. Launched toward Comet 67P/C-G in 2004, Rosetta traveled about 4 billion miles through the solar system before reaching the comet in August. The lander successfully made it to the surface of comet and Philae's landing signal was received by Earth communication stations at 16:03 UTC On November 12. One minute later 1 , the Philae Lander Twitter account published the following update “Touchdown! My new address: 67P! #CometLanding”, putting an end to the dramatic waiting of users watching the live broadcast provided by ESA and NASA’s website. #CometLanding was therefore a (1) live transmission, (2) of a pre-planned event, (3) framed in time and space, (4) featuring a heroic personality or group, (5) having high dramatic significance. All but one “(6) the force of a social norm which makes viewing mandatory” of the necessary conditions identified by Katz as the basic ingredients of a media event, are clearly met (1980). While even traditional well established events such as the broadcast of the Olympic Games are increasingly facing challenges in fitting the original definition of the concept (Rivenburgh 2002), it is clear that a media event must, by definition, interrupt daily lives. Both broadcasters and the audience adjust their schedules to attend the event. Was this the case for #CometLanding? Can we still talk about media events when the audience feeling viewing as mandatory is a globally scattered elite, instead of the masses? How the traditional role played by the media changes when internet’s disintermediation make it possible for the creator of a media event to also act as narrator? In this proposal we present the preliminary results of an ongoing study on these issues. Results are based on the analysis of Twitter live commentary collected during the hours immediately before and after the landing of the rover on the comet.
Communication through Images: What the Word 'Use' Implies in the Rock Art of Chinamwali, South-Central Africa

* Leslie F. Zubieta (PhD) Postdoctoral Fellow Centre National de Préhistoire, Périgueux leslazu@gmail.com Abstract Communication through images: what the word ‘use’ implies in the rock art of Chinamwali, south-central Africa A particular white painted tradition of south-central Africa (Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique) is explored in this paper as an active component of people’s lives. Possibly it was used to communicate important secrets of girls’ initiation ceremonies until the middle of the last century. The ancestors of the Chewa women decided to communicate lessons through the paintings until they stopped, but despite many challenges and external influences, women still perform their Chinamwali girls’ initiation ceremonies in which they use a variety of plastic art, clay figurines that resemble in shape some of the motifs depicted in the rock art. In this paper I propose the possible ways in which the women used the paintings in the past to pass on various messages such as the knowledge of fertility and gender roles to the oncoming generations.
Recent Start-Up Techniques Intended for TEG Energy Harvesting: A Review

The growing number of energy-autonomous applications raises the need for reliable DC energy harvesting techniques such as Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs). One key issue, however, is the minimum voltage (40–60 mV) required for start-up in small TEG energy harvesting sources. We review in this paper recent start-up solutions for TEG energy harvesting technologies. Different solutions have been categorized into 5 main approaches: external battery, extra-fabrication-process-based, transformers, multisource energy harvesting, and DC-AC-DC conversion using oscillators. The “DC-AC-DC conversion ring oscillators” approach is then shown to be the most promising solution in line with DC energy harvesting applications because it offers several advantages over other approaches, such as allowing full integration with good performance, compatibility with regular CMOS technology, and lower cost. Then, its different implementations are discussed and a detailed analysis is provided to identify their respective advantages and limitations.
Contribution of eastern North Pacific tropical cyclones and their remnants on flooding in the western United States

Recent studies have focused on identifying the spatial coverage of heavy rainfall associated with tropical cyclones (TCs) and their remnants (TC‐events) throughout the southwestern United States from eastern North Pacific storms. Yet little is known about the larger spatial contribution of these storms among extreme floods over the western United States. This paper examines the spatial and fractional contribution of 103 TC‐events among annual maximum streamflow at 1,429 long‐term U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages with at least 30 years of daily discharge data over the 1958–2010 water years. The highest fractional contributions to annual daily maxima by these storms (~5–14%) are found in southern California, Arizona, southernmost Nevada and Utah, southern and western New Mexico, central Colorado, and Texas. While nearly 32% of the streamgages have at least one annual maximum that was generated by a TC‐event, TC‐events play a limited role in contributing to the upper tail of the flood peak distribution across the western United States.