Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impedance components in longitudinal direction in the guinea‐pig taenia coli.

1. When the tissue impedance of the guinea‐pig taenia coli was measured across a 2 mm sucrose gap in a longitudinal direction, the impedance locus could be fitted by two different circular arcs. Their characteristic frequencies were about 0‐6 and 240 Hz after 60 min superfusion with sucrose solution. From the effects of changing the width of sucrose gap and of transection of tissue, and also from taking the difference between impedances measured at two distances, it was concluded that the low‐frequency locus corresponds to the transverse impedance of the plasma membrane and the high‐frequency locus to the longitudinal tissue impedance. 2. A change in the longitudinal tissue impedance was measured during superfusion with sucrose solution, using a frequency range between 5 Hz and 10 kHz. The admittance decreased with time of superfusion and this time course could be expressed by the sum of three exponential terms. The fastest component, having a time constant of 1‐3 min at 10 kHz, was interpreted to correspond to a process of wash‐out of extracellular medium. 3. Admittances at zero and infinite frequencies were obtained from the impedance locus. The decrease in these admittances with the time was analysed and the values at the start of washing were obtained by extrapolating the admittance change to zero time. 4. From these values it was estimated that the myoplasmic resistance was 214 omega cm, the junctional resistance 372 omega cm, and the junctional capacity 3‐1 muF/cm at 25 degrees C. In these calculations the equivalent circuit of tissue was assumed to be expressed by two components in series: one for the myoplasmic resistance and the other for the junction which has the junctional resistance and capacity in parallel. 5. After 90 min superfusion with sucrose solution, the total tissue impedance measured at zero frequency was increased from 586 to 3034 omega cm. In the total impedance the myoplasmic resistance was increased from 214 to 914 omega cm and the junctional resistance from 372 to 2120 omega cm. Thus, the change in junctional resistance was greater than that in myoplasmic resistance during superfusion of sucrose solution.
Metaanálisis de la prevalencia de Chlamydia trachomatis entre hombres y mujeres militares

Introduccion: La Chlamydia trachomatis constituye la primera causa de infecciones de transmision sexual en el mundo. Los grupos de riesgo son adultos jovenes y se postula que es mayor en militares y en mujeres. Sin embargo, la evidencia es heterogenea. Objetivo: Realizar un metaanalisis de la prevalencia de infeccion por Chlamydia trachomatis en hombres y mujeres militares. Metodologia: Revision sistematica con metaanalisis. Se aplico un protocolo con criterios de inclusion, exclusion, evaluacion de la calidad metodologica y reproducible. Se calculo la prueba Z para diferencia de proporciones, prevalencias con sus intervalos de confianza del 95 %, razones de prevalencia y analisis de sensibilidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron 11 articulos con 108.856 militares de ocho paises diferentes. La prevalencia oscilo entre 15,4 % (IC 95 % 11,6- 19,3) y 3,0 % (IC 95 % 0,4 - 0,5). La prevalencia global fue 5,5 % (IC 95 % 5,3 - 5,6) con diferencias significativas entre hombres 2,5 % (IC 95 % 2,4 - 2,7) y mujeres 9,5 % (IC 95 % 9,2 - 9,7). En el metaanalisis de medidas indirectas se hallo una razon de prevalencia 3,7 (IC 95 % 3,5 - 3,9) y una diferencia de proporciones de 6,9 (IC 95 % 6,6 - 7,2). Conclusion: La prevalencia de infeccion en militares es superior a lo hallado en otros grupos poblacionales con mayor proporcion en las mujeres. Se evidencia la necesidad de implementar programas de tamizacion al momento del ingreso a las fuerzas armadas, realizar vigilancia periodica e implementar investigaciones posteriores que estudien la doble vulnerabilidad de la mujer militar.
Soluble P selectin levels in chronic liver disease: relationship to disease severity.

BACKGROUND/AIMS Thrombocytopenia and platelet function abnormalities are problems commonly found in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Despite lack of widespread recognition as to the clinical significance of Soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), in that increased levels of sP-selectin have been described in patients with CLD, it has been proposed as a marker of in-vivo platelet activation. The study's aim was to determine whether levels of sP-selectin in patients with CLD increase in accordance with the degree of liver failure, the likelihood of CLD patients with high sP-selectin levels being more prone to thrombosis, as well as investigating the coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters related to the sP-selectin. METHODOLOGY This study was comprised of two groups: 40 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension (28 males and 12 females); and a control group of 10 healthy volunteers (6 males and 4 females). In both groups, biochemical parameters, sP-selectin, coagulation and fibrinolytic activity levels were measured and a Doppler ultrasound was performed. RESULTS Plasma sP-selectin levels were found to be higher in the patients compared to those of the control group (p < 0.01), while at the same time significant differences were observed with respect to the stage of disease. Patients with low platelet counts were found to have higher sP-selectin levels than those with normal platelet counts (p < 0.01). Seven patients (17.5%) were seen to have portal vein thrombosis upon doppler ultrasound examination, while sP-selectin levels were significantly lower in those patients with thrombosis than those without (p < 0.05). It was our finding that sP-selectin levels inversely correlated with anti thrombin III. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, sP-selectin levels related to the degree of liver disease and thrombosis are seen together with low platelet and sP-selectin levels in patients with cirrhosis.
Supplemental Data S 1 Birdsong Memory : A Neural Dissociation between Song Recognition and Production

Subjects and Surgery The 17 adult male zebra finches used in this study were reared at the central animal facility of Utrecht University. Juveniles stayed with both parents in individual cages (80 3 40 3 40 cm) until 100 days after hatching, after which they were transported to same-sex aviaries. These aviaries were located in a different room from the breeding cages, preventing visual or auditory contact between fathers and sons. Experiments started (day 0; the day of surgery) at mean age 413 (621, SEM) days after hatching (range: 247–601). Ten subjects received bilateral ibotenic acid lesions in the NCM; 2 subjects received control lesions in the hippocampus, dorsal to the NCM; and 5 subjects underwent a sham procedure, during which vehicle was injected into the NCM. Two hours prior to surgery, birds received one dose of Meloxicam (Metacam, Boehringer Ingelheim; 0.03 ml, 0.15 mg/ml, given orally in combination with a 0.5 ml 5% sucrose solution), a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug that is thought to have analgesic effects in birds. Birds were anesthetized with Isoflurane (IsoFlo, Abbott Laboratories) and placed in a custom stereotaxic apparatus. Lidocaine (Emla crème, AstraZeneca) was applied to the scalp and a small incision was made in the skin and skull overlying the NCM and 110 nl ibotenic acid (1% dissolved in 0.1 M NaOH) or 0.1 M NaOH (controls) was injected into both hemispheres, targeted at the NCM (1 mm lateral from the bifurcation of the midsaggital sinus; 1.25 mm below the dura mater). Ibotenic acid or vehicle was injected through a glass micropipette attached to a Nano-2000 microinjector (World Precision Instruments) in doses of approximately 10 nl at a time with 30 s between injections. Visual inspection of the level of fluid in the pipette during injections confirmed the successful application of ibotenic acid or vehicle. The pipette was left in place for 5 min after the last dose to prevent backflow along the pipette track. Because there were no significant behavioral differences between the birds with control lesions and the sham-operated birds, the results of those two control groups were taken together. All experimental procedures were in accordance with Dutch law and approved by the Animal Experiments Committee of Utrecht University (DEC 03/160).
Maternity and Family Leave Policy

Maternity and family leave policies enable mothers to take time off work to prepare for and recover from childbirth and to care for their new children. While there is substantial variation in the details of these policies around the world, the existing research yields the following general conclusions. First, despite important barriers to the take-up of leave, both the implementation of new programs and extensions of existing ones increase leave-taking rates among new parents. Second, leave entitlements less than one year in length can improve job continuity for women and increase their employment rates several years after childbirth; longer leaves can negatively influence women’s earnings, employment, and career advancement. Third, extensions in existing paid leave policies have no impact on measures of child well-being, but the introduction of short paid and unpaid leave programs can improve children’s short- and long-term outcomes. Fourth, while more research is needed, the current evidence shows minimal impacts of existing U.S. state-level programs on employer-level outcomes such as employee productivity, morale, profitability, turnover rates, or the total wage bill.
Serum and Ascitic Fluid High Sensitive C Reactive Protein As Prognostic Marker In Patients With Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

7 13 June 2019 Volume 25 Issue 3 www.zumj. journals.ekb. eg Original Article SERUM AND ASCITIC FLUID HIGH SENSITIVE C REACTIVE PROTEIN AS PROGNOSTIC MARKER IN PATIENTS WITH SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS Mahmoud Abdou Ashour, Hanaa Hosny Elsaid, Ahmed Fathy Gomaa, Ahmed Adel Mahmoud Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt 3 Internal Medicine Department, Al-Ahrar Teaching Hospital, Zagazig, Egypt
[18F]FDOPA PET as an endophenotype for Parkinson's Disease linkage studies

Parkinson disease (PD) is a late onset disorder with age‐dependent penetrance that may confound genetic studies, since affected individuals may not demonstrate clinical manifestations at the time of evaluation. The use of endophenotypes, biologic surrogates for clinical disease diagnoses, may permit more accurate classification of at‐risk subjects. Positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of 6‐[18F]fluorodopa ([18F]FDOPA) uptake indicate nigrostriatal neuronal integrity and may provide a useful endophenotype for PD linkage studies. We performed [18F]FDOPA PET in 11 members of a large, multi‐incident Amish family with PD, 24 normals and 48 people with clinically definite idiopathic PD (PD controls). Clinical diagnoses in the Amish were clinically definite PD in four, clinically probable in one, clinically possible in five, and normal in one. Abnormal [18F]FDOPA posterior putamen uptake was defined as less than 3 standard deviations below the normal mean. The criteria were applied to the Amish sample to determine a PET endophenotype for each. We performed genetic simulations using SLINK to model the effect phenoconversion with the PET endophenotype had on logarithm of odds (LOD) scores. PET endophenotype confirmed the status of two clinically definite subjects. Two clinically definite Amish PD subjects had normal PETs. Two possible PD were converted to “PET definite PD. ” The remainder had normal PETs. The average maximum LOD score with the pre‐PET was 6.14 ± 0.84. Simulating phenoconversion of subjects with unknown phenotypes increased the LOD score to 7.36 ± 1.23. The [18F]FDOPA PET endophenotype permits phenoconversion in multi‐incident PD families and may increase LOD score accuracy and power of an informative pedigree. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Computer Vision Tools for Low-Cost and Noninvasive Measurement of Autism-Related Behaviors in Infants

The early detection of developmental disorders is key to child outcome, allowing interventions to be initiated which promote development and improve prognosis. Research on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that behavioral signs can be observed late in the first year of life. Many of these studies involve extensive frame-by-frame video observation and analysis of a child's natural behavior. Although nonintrusive, these methods are extremely time-intensive and require a high level of observer training; thus, they are burdensome for clinical and large population research purposes. This work is a first milestone in a long-term project on non-invasive early observation of children in order to aid in risk detection and research of neurodevelopmental disorders. We focus on providing low-cost computer vision tools to measure and identify ASD behavioral signs based on components of the Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI). In particular, we develop algorithms to measure responses to general ASD risk assessment tasks and activities outlined by the AOSI which assess visual attention by tracking facial features. We show results, including comparisons with expert and nonexpert clinicians, which demonstrate that the proposed computer vision tools can capture critical behavioral observations and potentially augment the clinician's behavioral observations obtained from real in-clinic assessments.
Development of spinal neurons and tracts in the zebrafish embryo

We have analyzed pathfinding by growth cones in the spinal cord of the early zebrafish embryo, because it is an extremely simple system. At 18–20 hours of development the spinal cord contains approximately 18 lateral and presumably post‐mitotic cell bodies per hemisegment. Of these 8–11 have projected growth cones by 18 hr of development and fall into five classes of neurons (Bernhardt et al., J. Comp. Neurol, preceding paper), including a set of mechanosensory (RB) neurons, three classes of interneurons (DoLA, ascending commissural, and VeLD), and previously characterized primary motor neurons (Eisen et al., '86: Nature 320:269–271). Of these five classes we analyzed pathfinding by the RB, DoLA, early ascending commissural, and VeLD neurons. These neurons are distinguishable at the earliest stages of axonogenesis based on the location of their somata and the number and initial directionality of their growth cones. In each case they follow stereotyped, cell‐specific pathways to reach their termination sites. Up through larval stages exuberant axons have not been observed.
The Use of Adaptive Mechanisms for Selection of Search Strategies in Document Retrieval Systems

A document retrieval system can incorporate many types of flexibility. One example of this is the ability to choose a search strategy that is appropriate for a particular user and query. This paper investigates the use of adaptive mechanisms to control the selection of search strategies. The experimental results indicate that, although an adaptive mechanism is capable of learning the appropriate response in simple situations, there are serious problems with using them to make complex decisions in a document retrieval system.
Globally Convergent Accelerated Proximal Alternating Maximization Method for L1-Principal Component Analysis

In this paper, we consider a ℓ1-PCA problem under the large-scale data sample scenario, which has extensive applications in science and engineering. Previous algorithms for the problem either are not scalable or do not have good convergence guarantees. Our contribution is threefold. First, we develop a novel accelerated version of the proximal alternating maximization method to solve the ℓ1-PCA problem. Second, by exploiting the Kurdyka-Łojasiewicz property of the problem, we show that our proposed method enjoys global convergence to a critical point, which improves upon existing convergence guarantees of other first-order methods for the ℓ1-PCA problem. Third, we demonstrate via numerical experiments on both real-world and synthetic datasets that our proposed method is scalable and more efficient and accurate than other methods in the literature.
Upsortable: Programming TopK Queries Over Data Streams

Top-k queries over data streams is a well studied problem. There exists numerous systems allowing to process continuous queries over sliding windows. At the opposite, non-append only streams call for ad-hoc solutions, e.g. tailor-made solutions implemented in a mainstream programming language. In the meantime, the Stream API and lambda expressions have been added in Java 8, thus gaining powerful operations for data stream processing. However, the Java Collections Framework does not provide data structures to safely and conveniently support sorted collections of evolving data. In this paper, we demonstrate Upsortable, an annotation-based approach that allows to use existing sorted collections from the standard Java API for dynamic data management. Our approach relies on a combination of pre-compilation abstract syntax tree modifications and runtime analysis of bytecode. Upsortable offers the developer a safe and time-efficient solution for developing top-k queries on data streams while keeping a full compatibility with standard Java.
Time synchronisation and calibration of odometry and range sensors for high-speed mobile robot mapping.

Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) implementations are typically based upon integration of multiple sensors. One of the most common configurations for SLAM is the combination of odometry and range sensors. However, these sensors usually capture measurements at different times and thus introduce additional time synchronisation error when their data are fused together directly. As a robot moves faster, this error becomes more significant. The overall aim is to allow the robot to travel quickly and yet still be capable of obtaining accurate localisation and mapping results. This paper presents techniques for time synchronisation of multiple sensors taking into account clock drifts, inaccuracy of timestamps, and other unexpected communication and operating system delays. This paper also introduces a method of calibrating odometry and range sensors to ensure an accurate data fusion. Experimental results with and without synchronisation are shown to illustrate and validate the improvements.
Radioactivity of neutron deficient isotopes in the region N>82>Z.

The {alpha} decay characteristics of 88 decay lines emanating from 74 isotopes are presented, including new {alpha} decay lines identified in the neutron deficient nuclides {sup 158}Ta ({ital E}{sub {alpha}}=5969{plus_minus}8 keV, {ital t}{sub 1/2}=46{plus_minus}4 ms), {sup 159}Ta ({ital E}{sub {alpha}}=5516{plus_minus}5 keV, {ital t}{sub 1/2}=1100{plus_minus}100 ms), {sup 160}Ta ({ital E}{sub {alpha}}=5313{plus_minus}5 keV, {ital t}{sub 1/2}=1700{plus_minus}200 ms), {sup 168}Ir ({ital E}{sub {alpha}}=6323{plus_minus}8 keV, {ital t}{sub 1/2}=161{plus_minus}21 ms, {ital b}{sub {alpha}}=82{plus_minus}14{percent}), and {sup 170}Ir ({ital E}{sub {alpha}}=6083{plus_minus}11 keV, {ital t}{sub 1/2}=830{plus_minus}300 ms, {ital b}{sub {alpha}}=36{plus_minus}10{percent}). Their correlations with other decay lines are discussed. The alpha decay of a high-spin isomer in {sup 157}Ta has been discovered, with an energy of 7744{plus_minus}8 keV and a half-life of 1.7{plus_minus}0.1 ms, while the half-life of the corresponding isomeric alpha decay line of {sup 158}W has been measured for the first time as 160{plus_minus}50 {mu}s. First half-life and branching ratio measurements are also reported for the 5454{plus_minus}4 keV {sup 156}Lu line ({ital t}{sub 1/2}=494{plus_minus}12 ms), {sup 162}Re ({ital b}{sub {alpha}}=85{plus_minus}9{percent}), {sup 163}Os ({ital t}{sub 1/2}=12{sub {minus}7}{sup +11} ms), {sup 166}Ir ({ital t}{sub 1/2}=12{plus_minus}1 ms), {sup 167}Ir ({ital t}{sub 1/2}=34{plus_minus}4 ms), the 6227{plus_minus}15 keV {sup 168}Ir line ({ital t}{sub 1/2}=125{plus_minus}40 ms), and {sup 171}Ir ({ital b}{sub {alpha}}=58{plus_minus}11{percent}). Newmore » decay measurements for the proton emitter {sup 156}Ta ({ital E}{sub {ital p}}=1108{plus_minus}8 keV, {ital t}{sub 1/2}=375{plus_minus}54 ms, {ital b}{sub {ital p}}=4.2{plus_minus}0.9{percent}; {ital E}{sub {ital p}}=1007{plus_minus}5 keV, {ital t}{sub 1/2}=144{plus_minus}24 ms) are presented. (Abstract Truncated)« less
Using AI to solve business problems in scholarly publishing

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are widely used today in many areas, and are now being introduced into scholarly publishing. This article provides a brief overview of present-day AI and machine learning as used for text-based resources such as journal articles and book chapters, and provides an example of its application to identify suitable peer reviewers for manuscript submissions. It describes how one company, UNSILO, has created a tool for this purpose, and the underlying technology used to deliver it. The article also offers a glimpse into a future where AI will profoundly change the way that academic publishing will work.
gTangle

Tangles are a form of structured pen-and-ink 2D art characterized by repeating, recursive patterns. We present a method to procedurally generate tangle drawings, seen as recursively split sets of arbitrary 2D polygons with holes, with anisotropic and non-stationary features. We formally model tangles with group grammars, an extension of set grammars, that explicitly handles the grouping of shapes necessary to represent tangle repetitions. We introduce a small set of expressive geometric and grouping operators, showing that they can respectively express complex tangles patterns and sub-pattern distributions, with relatively simple grammars. We also show how users can control tangle generation in an interactive and intuitive way. Throughout the paper, we show how group grammars can, in few tens of seconds, produce a wide variety of patterns that would take artists hours of tedious and time-consuming work. We then validated both the quality of the generated tangles and the efficiency of the control provided to the users with a user study, run with both expert and non-expert users.
The measurement of species selection on evolving characters

Many processes can contribute to macroevolutionary change. This fact is the source of the wide variety of macroevolutionary change across time and taxa as well as the bane of pale-obiological research trying to understand how macroevolution works. Here, I present a general framework for understanding the variety of macroevolutionary phenomena. Based on Price’s theorem, this framework provides a simple quantitative means to understand (1) the macroevolutionary processes that are possible and (2) the way those processes interact with each other. The major qualitative features of macroevolution depend first on the number of processes that co-occur and then on the magnitudes and evolutionary directions of those processes. Species selection, the major macroevolutionary process, consists of patterns of differential rates of speciation and extinction. Its macroevolutionary efficacy depends on the presences of sufficient microevolutionary change. Conversely, microevolutionary change is limited in power by the independent evolution of species, and species selection acting across populations of species can amplify or suppress microevolution. Non-trends may result if species selection sufficiently neutralizes microevolution and may yield stable macroevolutionary patterns over many millions of years.