Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Características de una muestra de niños con sospecha de abuso sexual en un dispositivo especializado andaluz

Objetivo: Describir las caracteristicas mas relevantes de los casos con sospecha de abuso sexual evaluado por un equipo especializado. Aporta informacion sobre la fuente de deteccion, tipologias de abuso, situacion administrativo-legal de los ninos; caracteristicas de estos y sus familias; relacion entre victima y ofensor y caracteristicas de los ofensores. Metodo: Se realizo un analisis retrospectivo de 198 casos evaluados entre los anos 1998 y 2001. Se recoge informacion sobre 250 ninos, 198 madres, 350 parejas victima ofensor y 277 supuestos ofensores. Se extrajo informacion relativa a 128 variables. Resultados: La fuente de deteccion mas frecuente fue la madre. Predomina la alegacion de abuso sexual intrafamiliar. Algo menos de la mitad de los ninos provenian de proteccion infantil. Un tercio fueron preescolares. Casi la mitad no convivia con su padre biologico. La relacion entre la supuesta victima y el ofensor mas frecuente fue la de padre biologico. La conducta abusiva mas general fue tocamientos en genitales. Entre los supuestos ofensores predominan los varones de edad comprendida entre 18 y 40 anos. Conclusiones: Se confirma la presencia de varias caracteristicas senaladas como factores de riesgo por la literatura. Se discute la mayor representacion de algunas de estas caracteristicas y su similitud o diferenciacion con las encontradas en ninos victimas de maltrato y/ o abuso sexual.
Educating Late Arrival High School Immigrant Students: A Call for a More Democratic Curriculum

Examining the vital relation between immigrants' race or ethnicity, language, documented or undocumented legal status, and multicultural citizenship education is essential in the reconceptualization of current curricula and practice. The analysis provides relevant critiques of the traditional American History and citizenship curricula that are often enacted in increasingly ubiquitous late arrival high school immigrant centers. The tensions provide educators with an opportunity to define and redefine American citizenship as a unique cultural, historical, and transformative learning opportunity via the broader use of World Geography Studies.
Post-stroke dyskinesias

Strokes, whether ischemic or hemorrhagic, are among the most common causes of secondary movement disorders in elderly patients. Stroke-related (vascular) movement disorders, however, are uncommon complications of this relatively common disease. The spectrum of post-stroke movement disorders is broad and includes both hypo- and hyperkinetic syndromes. Post-stroke dyskinesias are involuntary hyperkinetic movements arising from cerebrovascular insults and often present with mixed phenotypes of hyperkinesia which can sometimes be difficult to classify. Nevertheless, identification of the most relevant motor phenotype, whenever possible, allows for a more specific phenomenological categorization of the dyskinesia and thus helps guide its treatment. Fortunately, post-stroke dyskinesias are usually self-limiting and resolve within 6 to 12 months of onset, but a short-term pharmacotherapy might sometimes be required for symptom control. Functional neurosurgical interventions targeting the motor thalamus or globus pallidus interna might be considered for patients with severe, disabling, and persistent dyskinesias (arbitrarily defined as duration longer than 12 months).
Offloadable Apps using SmartDiet: Towards an analysis toolkit for mobile application developers

Offloading work to cloud is one of the proposed solutions for increasing the battery life of mobile devices. Most prior research has focused on computation-intensive applications, even though such applications are not the most popular ones. In this paper, we first study the feasibility of method-level offloading in network-intensive applications, using an open source Twitter client as an example. Our key observation is that implementing offloading transparently to the developer is difficult: various constraints heavily limit the offloading possibilities, and estimation of the potential benefit is challenging. We then propose a toolkit, SmartDiet, to assist mobile application developers in creating code which is suitable for energy-efficient offloading. SmartDiet provides fine-grained offloading constraint identification and energy usage analysis for Android applications. In addition to outlining the overall functionality of the toolkit, we study some of its key mechanisms and identify the remaining challenges.
Rights, Responsibilities, and Future Persons

The current awakening to the existence and significance of ecological structures has generated discussion of a number of philosophical questions. This is so in part for the reason that concern for the maintenance of ecological balance is in several senses related to concern about the quality of life in the future. It is not only the immediate future which is at stake here but the future and quality of life of generations yet unborn. Accordingly, problems concerning our moral relations to people of the future have arisen or become more pressing; of these, the question I wish to consider is whether we have responsibilities to people who do not yet exist or, as it is frequently put, whether nonexistent people have rights now. The thesis of my paper is that undue moral importance has been accorded this question, since the quality of our answer does not materially affect the nature of our responsibilities. This thesis is supported by the argument that to suppose negative and affirmative answers to the question imply differences in our responsibilities seems (a) to suppose incorrectly that having responsibilities is always a matter of having responsibilities directed to some person or persons other than oneself and (b) to deny conditions for responsibility very like those which all of us grant as sufficient in certain circumstances in the present. I argue for responsibilities concerning ecology, even though these are not conceived as responsibilities to future persons. I have ignored the issue of the meaningfulness of the question, since treating it as meaningful seems to me to be illuminating with respect to decidedly meaningful problems surrounding it which concern our existence in time.
Arctic sea ice trends, variability and implications for seasonal ice forecasting

September Arctic sea ice extent over the period of satellite observations has a strong downward trend, accompanied by pronounced interannual variability with a detrended 1 year lag autocorrelation of essentially zero. We argue that through a combination of thinning and associated processes related to a warming climate (a stronger albedo feedback, a longer melt season, the lack of especially cold winters) the downward trend itself is steepening. The lack of autocorrelation manifests both the inherent large variability in summer atmospheric circulation patterns and that oceanic heat loss in winter acts as a negative (stabilizing) feedback, albeit insufficient to counter the steepening trend. These findings have implications for seasonal ice forecasting. In particular, while advances in observing sea ice thickness and assimilating thickness into coupled forecast systems have improved forecast skill, there remains an inherent limit to predictability owing to the largely chaotic nature of atmospheric variability.
The international Patchwork: introducing reflexivity into the business curriculum

This article describes the introduction of Patchwork on a Masters-level research methods course at Ashcroft International Business School at Anglia Polytechnic University. The writers evaluate the Patchwork in the light of whether it met three objectives of helping students achieve a coherent grasp of the research process, whether they developed the ability to reflect on their learning, and whether it could break down cross-cultural barriers. The voices of the two teachers and the students are presented to tell the story. The writers conclude that the Patchwork provides a very useful model in meeting these three aims, but that in order for Patchwork to achieve its potential, there is a degree of openness and humility needed (on behalf of the teachers) to break out of the traditional authority expectations of the student–teacher relationship – and thereby to encourage a greater sharing of diverse experiences.
The Experience of Gambling and its Role in Problem Gambling

This paper reports on the results of a psychological study conducted in Ontario, Canada, that attempted to answer the question of why some people develop gambling problems while others do not. A group of social gamblers (n = 38), sub-clinical problem gamblers (n = 33) and pathological gamblers (n = 34) completed a battery of questionnaires. Compared to non-problem gamblers, pathological gamblers were more likely to report experiencing big wins early in their gambling career, stressful life events, impulsivity, depression, using escape to cope with stress and a poorer understanding of random events. We grouped these variables into three risk factors: cognitive/experiential, emotional and impulsive and tested the extent to which each risk factor could differentiate non-problem and pathological gamblers. Each risk factor correctly identified about three-quarters of the pathological gamblers. More than half (53%) of the pathological gamblers had elevated scores on all three risk factors. Interestingly, 60% of the sub-clinical cases had elevated scores on only one risk factor. The results are interpreted in terms of a bio-psycho-social model of gambling addiction.
Virtual Rehabilitation in an Activity Centre for Community-Dwelling Persons with Stroke

Background: The main purpose of this study was to place a virtual reality (VR) system, designed to assess and to promote motor performance in the affected upper extremity in subjects after stroke, in a nonhospital environment. We also wanted to investigate if playing computer games resulted in improved motor function in persons with prior stroke. Methods: The intervention involved 11 patients after stroke who received extra rehabilitation by training on a computer 3 times a week during a 4-week period. The control group involved 11 patients after stroke who continued their previous rehabilitation (no extra computer training) during this period. The mean age of all was 68 years (range = 47–85) and the average time after stroke 66 months (range = 15–140). The VR training consisted of challenging games, which provided a range of difficulty levels that allow practice to be fun and motivating. An additional group of 11 right-handed aged matched individuals without history of neurological or psychiatric illnesses served as reference subjects. Results: All the participants reported that they were novel computer game players. After an initial introduction they learned to use the VR system quickly. The treatment group demonstrated improvements in motor outcome for the trained upper extremity, but this was not detected in real-life activities. Conclusions: The results of this research suggest the usefulness of computer games in training motor performance. VR can be used beneficially not only by younger participants but also by older persons to enhance their motor performance after stroke.
Million-Degree Plasma Pervading the Extended Orion Nebula

Most stars form as members of large associations within dense, very cold (10 to 100 kelvin) molecular clouds. The nearby giant molecular cloud in Orion hosts several thousand stars of ages less than a few million years, many of which are located in or around the famous Orion Nebula, a prominent gas structure illuminated and ionized by a small group of massive stars (the Trapezium). We present x-ray observations obtained with the X-ray Multi-Mirror satellite XMM-Newton, revealing that a hot plasma with a temperature of 1.7 to 2.1 million kelvin pervades the southwest extension of the nebula. The plasma flows into the adjacent interstellar medium. This x-ray outflow phenomenon must be widespread throughout our Galaxy.
Equilibrium Value Method for the Proof of QIP=PSPACE

We provide an alternative proof of \class{QIP}=\class{PSPACE} to the recent breakthrough result. Unlike solving some semidefinite programs that captures the computational power of quantum interactive proofs, our method starts with one \class{QIP}-Complete problem which computes the diamond norm between two admissible quantum channels. The key observation is that we can convert the computation of the diamond norm into the computation of some equilibrium value. The later problem, different from the former semidefinite programs, is of better form, easier to solve and could be interesting for its own sake. The multiplicative weight update method is also applied to solve the equilibrium value problem, however, in a relatively simpler way than the one in the original proof. As a direct byproduct, we also provide a NC algorithm to compute the diamond norm of a class of quantum channels. Furthermore, we provide a generalized form of equilibrium value problems that can be solved in the same way as well as comparisons to semidefinite programs.
Applying the Cognitive Interview Procedure to Child and Adult Eyewitnesses of Road Accidents

Dans la premiere de deux etudes, des etudiants visionnerent des videocassettes de differents accidents de la route et furent ensuite interviewes afin de comparer les procedures du Standard Interview (SIP) et du Cognitive Interview (CIP). Le SIP est regulierement employe par les officiers de police pour recueillir de l'information sur les accidents de la circulation; a la verite, il est utilise aussi dans beaucoup d'autres circonstances legales. Le CIP est une procedure d'entretien relativement innovatrice qui semble considerablement augmenter la somme d'informations correctes reconnues comme valables par les interviewes. Dans l'etude I le CIP elicita de maniere signific-ativement plus correcte des items informatifs sur les accidents de vehicules de la route que ne le fit le SIP; et les deux procedures rapporterent des quantites semblables et peu importantes d'informations incorrectes. Le CIP a rarement ete appliquea des temoins oculaires enfants et dans l'etude II des groupes âges de 4/5 ans, de 9/10 ans, et de 14/15 ans visionnerent les memes video-cassettes sur les accidents de la route et furent aussi interviewes pour comparer le SIP et le CIP. Parmi les enfants de tous âges le CIP elicita significativement des items informatifs plus corrects que ne le fit le SIP. II recuellit aussi une information moins incorrecte chez les groupes des 4/5 ans et des 14/15 ans, tandis que chez les 9/10 ans une quantite semblable d'information incorrecte fut elicitee tant avec le SIP que le CIP. L'article conclut sur le fait que le CIP est interessant a utiliser avec les temoins oculaires d'accidents de la route, qu'ils soient adultes ou enfants. In the first of two studies, 48 university students watched video-recordings of genuine road accidents and were subsequently interviewed to compare a Standard Interview Procedure (SIP) and the Cognitive Interview Procedure (CIP). The SIP is invariably employed by police officers to gain information about traffic accidents; and, indeed, it is used in many other legal contexts too. The CIP is a relatively innovative interview procedure which seems consistently to increase the amount of correct information made available by interviewees. In Study I the CIP elicited significantly more correct information concerning the road-vehicle accidents than did the SIP; and the two procedures yielded similar, low amounts of incorrect information. The CIP has seldom been applied to child eyewitnesses, and in Study II 4/5-year-olds, 9/10-year-olds, and 14/15-year-olds watched the same video-recordings of road accidents and were likewise interviewed to compare the SIP and CIP. Across children of all ages the CIP elicited significantly more correct items of information than did the SIP. It also elicited less incorrect information for 4/5-year-olds and 14/15-year-olds, although for the 9/10-year-olds similar amounts of incorrect information were elicited through the CIP and the SIP. It is argued that the CIP is useful for both adult and child eyewitnesses of road-vehicle accidents.
Photoreceptor layer regeneration is detectable in the human retina imaged by SD-OCT after laser treatment using subthreshold laser power.

PURPOSE We evaluated the morphologic changes in retinal structure after laser photocoagulation using supra- and subthreshold laser fluence. METHODS In a prospective cohort study 10 consecutive patients received scatter laser photocoagulation. Treatment was performed using a semiautomated patterned scanning laser system. In a study area adjacent to the temporal vessel arcades, 2 × 2 pattern laser spots were applied with halving the flux of the laser power in a stepwise manner starting from a power producing a typical grayish lesion. The study areas then were imaged on days one, three, and seven, and on months one, two, three, and six using color fundus photography, autofluorescence (AF), infrared (IR) imaging, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). RESULTS The starting threshold power lesions each were visible on color fundus photography, IR, and AF in all patients, and showed characteristic changes on OCT throughout the follow-up period. The halved flux laser burns (first step) were undetectable ophthalmoscopically during the laser session, but during the follow-up always were detectable on IR and AF images, and sometimes on fundus photography. On OCT they showed changes similar to the suprathreshold laser scars, but were much smaller in diameter, and in some instances an inward migration of the photoreceptor layer was observed. CONCLUSIONS Subthreshold laser burns with halved energy flux produced similar morphologic changes in the retina as threshold power, but with a smaller size. They induced less collateral damage to the neuroretina, and permit a level of reorganization in the outer retina. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00682240.).
Comparing Separate Process and Intertwined Models for Reactance

This investigation compares whether an intertwined or a separate process model better explains message failure incurred by threat to freedom. The current project extends the intertwined model proposed by Dillard and Shen (2005) by considering the additional persuasive message elements of weak argument and insult. Results indicate that the intertwined model provides not only a better fit but also a more general model of message resistance than previously considered.
Charismatic Urban Leaders and Economic Development: Good Mayors and Bad Mayors in Europe

The paper argues that decisions by strong mayors or council leaders can have a significant impact on their cities' economic fortunes. Good decisions include urban marketing exercises, the attraction of hallmark events and good land-use and infrastructural planning: bad decisions include engaging in political conflict with central government and engaging in illegal activity. Data from 16 European cities approximately arranged in matched national pairs to standardise for the degree of power decentralised to city government, and further standardised to take into account economic structure, suggest that good mayoral decisions have a marginally positive effect on economic growth but poor decisions have a significantly negative effect.
What Do We Really Know About Cognitive Dysfunction, Affective Disorders, and Stress in Multiple Sclerosis? A Practitioner's Guide

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients often present with difficult neuropsychological and emotional problems. This article describes work undertaken by the psychology specialty panel in conjunction with a June 1993 Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC),sponsored conference entitled "What Do We Really Know About MS? " We summarize our critical review of one hundred seven controlled studies of cognitive dysfunction, affective disorders, and stress in MS, emphasizing what we know, what we believe we know, and what we do not know but need to know. We also present results of a survey of seventy-six MS practitioners (neurologists and mental health practitioners) covering beliefs about these topics and clinical practices, and we highlight discrepancies between our empirical knowledge and current clinical practices. Based on our literature review and practitioner survey, we identify critical gaps in our knowledge, highlighting the need for research on treatments for MS-related cognitive dysfunction, assessment of affective disturbance in MS, and effects of stress on disease activity.
A Learning-Based Framework for Supervised and Unsupervised Image Segmentation Evaluation

Image segmentation is a fundamental task in automatic image analysis. However, there is still no generally accepted effectiveness measure which is suitable for evaluating the segmentation quality in every application. In this paper, we propose an evaluation framework which benefits from multiple stand-alone measures. To this end, different segmentation evaluation measures are chosen to evaluate segmentation separately, and the results are effectively combined using machine learning methods. We train and implement this framework in our brand-new segmentation dataset which contains images of different contents with segmentation ground truth and Weizmann segmentation database (WSD). In addition, we provide human evaluation of image segmentation pairs to benchmark the evaluation results of the measures. Experimental results show a better performance than the stand-alone methods.
Children Living With Domestic Violence: Research Foundations For Early Intervention

The impact of violence between parents or caregivers on a child’s inner world is complex. Over recent years, researchers have gained vital knowledge about the workings of trauma in children induced by family violence. Of particular power has been definitive evidence about the potential for interspousal trauma to disrupt neurological and biochemical pathways in the developing child. From their respective vantage points, clinicians and researchers name the imperative for the early identification of children traumatised by domestic violence, in the service of preventing acute trauma symptoms from becoming embedded in development, at all levels of the child’s functioning. This paper reviews recent evidence about the developmental impact on children of living in violent homes, with the aim of establishing a research-based rationale for early intervention.
Protective role of intestinal flora against infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice: influence of antibiotics on colonization resistance

Swiss white mice were given ampicillin, clindamycin, kanamycin, metronidazole, or streptomycin in drinking water for a period of 3 weeks. One week after the initiation of antibiotic administration, the treated mice and untreated control mice were challenged orally with approximately 10(8) viable, streptomycin-resistant (SR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. All five of the antibiotics decreased the resistance of the mice to intestinal colonization with SR P. aeruginosa, as reflected by an increased fecal carriage of the organism and an increase in population levels of SR P. aeruginosa in feces as compared with untreated controls. Metronidazole was least effective in this regard. The antibiotics lowered the dose of SR P. aeruginosa that resulted in implantation in 50% of the mice ID50 to various degrees. Administration of streptomycin, the most effective antibiotic, caused a 10,000-fold decrease in ID50 as compared with untreated controls. Oral inoculation of approximately 10(8) organisms of SR P. aeruginosa resulted in translocation of the organism to the mesenteric lymph nodes, spleens, or livers of 13 or 17 streptomycin-treated mice, 1 of 20 clindamycin-treated mice, and 1 of 14 metronidazole-treated mice. Translocation was not observed, however, in ampicillin- or kanamycin-treated animals. Antibiotic activity was detected in the cecal contents of streptomycin-, kanamycin, and clindamycin-treated mice but not in the cecal contents of ampicillin- or metronidazole-treated animals.