Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MAPKAP1 rs10118570 Polymorphism Is Associated with Anti-Infection and Anti-Hepatic Fibrogenesis in Schistosomiasis Japonica

Chronic infection with Schistosoma japonicum is an important cause of hepatic fibrosis (HF). Human 9q33.3 is one of the most important loci for stress-related diseases. We examined the potential associations of 43 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with S. japonicum infection and HF in epidemic region in China. We identified a SNP (rs10118570 GG in mitogen-activated protein kinase associated protein 1, MAPKAP1) contributes to anti-infection (adjusted OR = 0.35) and anti-fibrogenesis (adjusted RR = 0.44) in the discovery study. Replicative and combined studies showed consistent protective quality for this genotype (replicative: adjusted OR = 0.37 for anti-infection, and adjusted RR = 0.40 for anti-fibrogenesis; Combined: adjusted OR = 0.45 for anti-infection, and adjusted RR = 0.42 for anti-fibrogenesis). Univariate and multivariate analysis in the discovery, replicative and combined studies, suggested that durations (years), splenomegaly, serum ALB and rs10118570 were independent predictors influencing the fibrogenesis. The analysis of gene-gene interaction showed rs10118570 functions independently. We conclude that MAPKAP1 may represent a novel anti-infection and anti-fibrogenesis genomic locus in chronic schistosomiasis japonica. And rs10118570 may be a potential biomarker and target for the treatment of this life-threatening ancient disease.
Achieving permanence for older children and youth in foster care

Acknowledgments Introduction Part I: Describing the Problem 1. Foster Youth in Context, by Fred Wulczyn2. A Comparative Examination of Foster Youth Who Did and Did Not Achieve Permanency, by Penelope L. Maza3. Outcomes for Older Youth Exiting the Foster Care System in the United States, by Mark E. Courtney4. Outcomes for Youth Exiting the Foster Care System: Extending What We Know and What Needs to Be Done with Selected Data, by Peter J. Pecora5. Permanence and Impermanence for Youth in Out-of-Home Care, by Richard P. Barth and Laura K. Chintapalli6. Permanence Is a State of Security and Attachment, by Gretta Cushing and Benjamin Kerman Part II: Policy Responses to the Permanency Needs of Youth 7. Permanence for Older Children and Youth: Law, Policy, and Research, by Madelyn Freundlich8. Federal Law and Child Welfare Reform: The Research-Policy Interface in Promoting Permanence for Older Children and Youth, by Rosemary J. Avery9. Guardianship and Youth Permanence, by Robert B. Hill10. A Fine Balancing Act: Kinship Care, Subsidized Guardianship, and Outcomes, by Aron Shlonsky11. Dependency Court Reform Addressing the Permanency Needs of Youth in Foster Care: National Evaluation of the Court Improvement Program, by Karl Ensign, Sabrina A. Davis, and Elizabeth Lee12. Facilitation of Systems Reform: Learning from Model Court Jurisdictions, by Shirley A. Dobbin Part III: Practice Responses to the Permanency Needs of Youth 13. Permanent Families for Adolescents: Applying Lessons Learned from a Family Reunification Demonstration Program, by Barbara A. Pine and Robin Spath14. Youth Permanence Through Adoption, by Ruth G. McRoy and Elissa Maddenn15. Family-Involvement Meetings with Older Children in Foster Care: Promising Practices and the Challenge of Child Welfare Reform, by David Crampton and Joan Pennell16. Developmentally Appropriate Community-Based Responses to the Permanency Needs of Older Youth Involved in the Child Welfare System, by Sandra Stukes Chipungu, Laura G. Daughtery, and Benjamin Kerman17. Social and Life Skills Development: Preparing and Facilitating Youth for Transition into Young Adults, by Hewitt B. Clark and Kimberly A. Crosland18. From Research to Practice: Improving Permanency Outcomes for Youth in Foster Care, by Madelyn Freundlich, Lauren Frey, Benjamin Kerman, and Sarah B. Greenblatt Afterword: Making Families Permanent and Cases Closed? Concluding Thoughts and Recommendations Contributors Index
Virtual and Actual Humanoid Robot Control with Four-Class Motor-Imagery-Based Optical Brain-Computer Interface

Motor-imagery tasks are a popular input method for controlling brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), partially due to their similarities to naturally produced motor signals. The use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in BCIs is still emerging and has shown potential as a supplement or replacement for electroencephalography. However, studies often use only two or three motor-imagery tasks, limiting the number of available commands. In this work, we present the results of the first four-class motor-imagery-based online fNIRS-BCI for robot control. Thirteen participants utilized upper- and lower-limb motor-imagery tasks (left hand, right hand, left foot, and right foot) that were mapped to four high-level commands (turn left, turn right, move forward, and move backward) to control the navigation of a simulated or real robot. A significant improvement in classification accuracy was found between the virtual-robot-based BCI (control of a virtual robot) and the physical-robot BCI (control of the DARwIn-OP humanoid robot). Differences were also found in the oxygenated hemoglobin activation patterns of the four tasks between the first and second BCI. These results corroborate previous findings that motor imagery can be improved with feedback and imply that a four-class motor-imagery-based fNIRS-BCI could be feasible with sufficient subject training.
Credal Sets 2 . 1 Definition and Relation with Lower Previsions

This report1 presents probabilistic graphical models that are based on imprecise probabilities using a simplified language. In particular, the discussion is focused on credal networks and discrete domains. It describes the building blocks of credal networks, algorithms to perform inference, and discusses on complexity results and related work. The goal is to have an easy-to-follow introduction to the topic.
Deep Convolutional Neural Network and Multi-view Stacking Ensemble in Ali Mobile Recommendation Algorithm Competition: The Solution to the Winning of Ali Mobile Recommendation Algorithm

We proposed a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach and a Multi-View Stacking Ensemble (MVSE) method in Ali Mobile Recommendation Algorithm competition Season 1 and Season 2, respectively. Specifically, we treat the recommendation task as a classical binary classification problem. We thereby designed a large amount of indicative features based on the logic of mobile business, and grouped them into ten clusters according to their properties. In Season 1, a two-dimensional (2D) feature map which covered both time axis and feature cluster axis was created from the original features. This design made it possible for CNN to do predictions based on the information of both short-time actions and long-time behavior habit of mobile users. Combined with some traditional ensemble methods, the CNN achieved good results which ranked No. 2 in Season 1. In Season 2, we proposed a Multi-View Stacking Ensemble (MVSE) method, by using the stacking technique to efficiently combine different views of features. A classifier was trained on each of the ten feature clusters at first. The predictions of the ten classifiers were then used as additional features. Based on the augmented features, an ensemble classifier was trained to generate the final prediction. We continuously updated our model by padding the new stacking features, and finally achieved the performance of F-1 score 8.78% which ranked No. 1 in Season 2, among over 7,000 teams in total.
Integrated Test-Architecture Optimization and Thermal-Aware Test Scheduling for 3-D SoCs Under Pre-Bond Test-Pin-Count Constraint

We propose a layout-driven test-architecture design and optimization technique for core-based system-on-chips (SoCs) that are fabricated with three-dimensional (3-D) integration technology. In contrast to prior work, we consider the pre-bond test-pin-count constraint during optimization since these pins occupy large silicon area that cannot be used in functional mode. In addition, the proposed test-architecture design takes the SoC layout into consideration and facilitates the sharing of test wires between pre-bond tests and post-bond test, which significantly reduces the routing cost for test-access mechanisms. In addition, a thermal-aware test scheduling algorithm is proposed to eliminate hot spots during manufacturing test. Experimental results for the ITC'02 SoC benchmarks circuits demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Two-Photon Correlation Spectroscopy in Single Dendritic Spines Reveals Fast Actin Filament Reorganization during Activity-Dependent Growth

Two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (2P-FCS) within single dendritic spines of living hippocampal pyramidal neurons was used to resolve various subpopulations of mobile F-actin during activity-dependent structural changes such as potentiation induced spine head growth. Two major classes of mobile F-actin were discovered: very dynamic and about a hundred times less dynamic F-actin. Spine head enlargement upon application of Tetraethylammonium (TEA), a protocol previously used for the chemical induction of long-term potentiation (cLTP) strictly correlated to changes in the dynamics and filament numbers in the different actin filament fractions. Our observations suggest that spine enlargement is governed by a mechanism in which longer filaments are first cut into smaller filaments that cooperate with the second, increasingly dynamic shorter actin filament population to quickly reorganize and expand the actin cytoskeleton within the spine head. This process would allow a fast and efficient spine head enlargement using a major fraction of the actin filament population that was already present before spine head growth.
Morphometric Analysis of Brain Shape in Children With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate

The purpose of this study was to test for differences in brain shape among children with cleft palate only (n = 22), children with cleft lip and palate (n = 35), and controls (n = 39) using Euclidean distance matrix analysis. Sixteen percent of interlandmark distances differed between children with cleft palate only and controls, 10% differed between children with cleft lip and palate and controls, and 10% differed between children with cleft palate only and children with cleft lip and palate. Major differences in brain shape associated with cleft lip and/or palate included posterior expansion of the occipital lobe, reorientation of the cerebellum, heightened callosal midbody, and posterior displacement of the caudate nucleus and thalamus. Differences in brain shape unique to cleft palate only and to cleft lip and palate were also identified. These results expand upon previous volumetric studies on brain morphology in individuals with cleft lip and/or palate and provide additional evidence that the primary defect in cleft lip and/or palate results in both facial and brain dysmorphology.
A Framework towards the Unification of Ensemble Classification Methods

Multiple classifier systems, also known as classifier ensembles, have received great attention in recent years because of the improved classification accuracy in different applications. A large variety of ensemble methods have been proposed in order to exploit strengths of individual classifiers. In this paper, we present a unifying framework for multiple classifier systems, which unites most classification methods by an ensemble of classifiers. Specifically, we link two research lines in machine learning: multiclass classification based on the class binarization techniques and the strategies of ensemble classification. With the proposed framework, the various ensemble classification strategies will be broadly categorized into four main approaches. Then, we provide a brief survey of ensemble methods based on these main approaches as well as principle techniques proposed to combine them.
Conditional correlation analysis for safe region-based memory management

Region-based memory management is a popular scheme in systems software for better organization and performance. In the scheme, a developer constructs a hierarchy of regions of different lifetimes and allocates objects in regions. When the developer deletes a region, the runtime will recursively delete all its subregions and simultaneously reclaim objects in the regions. The developer must construct a consistent placement of objects in regions; otherwise, if a region that contains pointers to other regions is not always deleted before pointees, an inconsistency will surface and cause dangling pointers, which may lead to either crashes or leaks. This paper presents a static analysis tool RegionWiz that can find such lifetime inconsistencies in large C programs using regions. The tool is based on an analysis framework that generalizes the relations and constraints over regions and objects as conditional correlations. This framework allows a succinct formalization of consistency rules for region lifetimes, preserving memory safety and avoiding dangling pointers. RegionWiz uses these consistency rules to implement an efficient static analysis to compute the conditional correlation and reason about region lifetime consistency; the analysis is based on a context-sensitive, field-sensitive pointer analysis with heap cloning. Experiments with applying RegionWiz to six real-world software packages (including the RC compiler, Apache web server, and Subversion version control system) with two different region-based memory management interfaces show that RegionWiz can reason about region lifetime consistency in large C programs. The experiments also show that RegionWiz can find several previously unknown inconsistency bugs in these packages.
Process of a Schizophrenic’s Dialogues in a Beautiful Mind Movie. Faculty of Language and Art. State University of Medan. 2013.

This study concerns with the analysis of transitivity system which focusing on the types of process uttered by the schizophrenic character in A Beautiful Mind movie, John Nash. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. There are six types of process in transitivity system. The results of data analysis showmaterial process 44.67%, mental process 18.83%, relational process 28.03%, behavioral process 1.17%, verbal process 4.53% and existential process 2.77%. The most dominant process is material process, that is the process which indicates action; activities and events, things happen and people or other actors do things or make them happen. The indication reflects Nash’s activities with real people and hallucination people especially when his hallucination friends: Charles, Parcher and Marcee. Nash intensively met them so that hetalked much with them and kept their memories in his mind.
Memory Errors Reveal a Bias to Spontaneously Generalize to Categories

Much evidence suggests that, from a young age, humans are able to generalize information learned about a subset of a category to the category itself. Here, we propose that-beyond simply being able to perform such generalizations-people are biased to generalize to categories, such that they routinely make spontaneous, implicit category generalizations from information that licenses such generalizations. To demonstrate the existence of this bias, we asked participants to perform a task in which category generalizations would distract from the main goal of the task, leading to a characteristic pattern of errors. Specifically, participants were asked to memorize two types of novel facts: quantified facts about sets of kind members (e.g., facts about all or many stups) and generic facts about entire kinds (e.g., facts about zorbs as a kind). Moreover, half of the facts concerned properties that are typically generalizable to an animal kind (e.g., eating fruits and vegetables), and half concerned properties that are typically more idiosyncratic (e.g., getting mud in their hair). We predicted that-because of the hypothesized bias-participants would spontaneously generalize the quantified facts to the corresponding kinds, and would do so more frequently for the facts about generalizable (rather than idiosyncratic) properties. In turn, these generalizations would lead to a higher rate of quantified-to-generic memory errors for the generalizable properties. The results of four experiments (N = 449) supported this prediction. Moreover, the same generalizable-versus-idiosyncratic difference in memory errors occurred even under cognitive load, which suggests that the hypothesized bias operates unnoticed in the background, requiring few cognitive resources. In sum, this evidence suggests the presence of a powerful bias to draw generalizations about kinds.
Optimal Location Area Design to Minimize Registration Signaling Traffic in Wireless Systems

A new scheme is developed for optimal location area design in wireless systems. New algorithms based on intercell traffic prediction and traffic-based cell grouping are used to select the optimal set of cells for location areas (LAs). The expected intercell movement patterns of mobiles are determined by using the new intercell traffic prediction algorithm. Further, the cells are partitioned into LAs by applying the new traffic-based cell grouping algorithm where the cell pairs with higher intercell mobile traffic are grouped into the same LA. Hence, the inter-LA mobile traffic is decreased by increasing the intra-LA mobile traffic. Experimental results show that this cell grouping algorithm reduces the number of location updates by 27 percent to 36 percent on average compared to proximity-based cell grouping schemes.
Screening a peptidyl database for potential ligands to proteins with side‐chain flexibility

The three key challenges addressed in our development of SPECITOPE, a tool for screening large structural databases for potential ligands to a protein, are to eliminate infeasible candidates early in the search, incorporate ligand and protein side‐chain flexibility upon docking, and provide an appropriate rank for potential new ligands. The protein ligand‐binding site is modeled by a shell of surface atoms and by hydrogen‐bonding template points for the ligand to match, conferring specificity to the interaction. SPECITOPE combinatorially matches all hydrogen‐bond donors and acceptors of the screened molecules to the template points. By eliminating molecules that cannot match distance or hydrogen‐bond constraints, the transformation of potential docking candidates into the ligand‐binding site and the shape and hydrophobic complementarity evaluations are only required for a small subset of the database. SPECITOPE screens 140,000 peptide fragments in about an hour and has identified and docked known inhibitors and potential new ligands to the free structures of four distinct targets: a serine protease, a DNA repair enzyme, an aspartic proteinase, and a glycosyltransferase. For all four, protein side‐chain rotations were critical for successful docking, emphasizing the importance of inducible complementarity for accurately modeling ligand interactions. SPECITOPE has a range of potential applications for understanding and engineering protein recognition, from inhibitor and linker design to protein docking and macromolecular assembly. Proteins 33:74–87, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protein Translation and Signaling in Human Eosinophils

We have recently reported that, unlike IL-5 and GM-CSF, IL-3 induces increased translation of a subset of mRNAs. In addition, we have demonstrated that Pin1 controls the activity of mRNA binding proteins, leading to enhanced mRNA stability, GM-CSF protein production and prolonged eosinophil (EOS) survival. In this review, discussion will include an overview of cap-dependent protein translation and its regulation by intracellular signaling pathways. We will address the more general process of mRNA post-transcriptional regulation, especially regarding mRNA binding proteins, which are critical effectors of protein translation. Furthermore, we will focus on (1) the roles of IL-3-driven sustained signaling on enhanced protein translation in EOS, (2) the mechanisms regulating mRNA binding proteins activity in EOS, and (3) the potential targeting of IL-3 signaling and the signaling leading to mRNA binding activity changes to identify therapeutic targets to treat EOS-associated diseases.
Supporting the shared experience of spectators through mobile group media

Interesting characteristics of large-scale events are their spatial distribution, their extended duration over days, and the fact that they are set apart from daily life. The increasing pervasiveness of computational media encourages us to investigate such unexplored domains, especially when thinking of applications for spectator groups. Here we report of a field study on two groups of rally spectators who were equipped with multimedia phones, and we present a novel mobile group media application called mGroup that supports groups in creating and sharing experiences. Particularly, we look at the possibilities of and boundary conditions for computer applications posed by our findings on group identity and formation, group awareness and coordination, the meaningful construction of an event experience and its grounding in the event context, the shared context and discourses, protagonism and active spectatorship. Moreover, we aim at providing a new perspective on spectatorship at large scale events, which can make research and development more aware of the socio-cultural dimension.
Phosphorylation of Heat Shock Protein 27 is Increased by Cast Immobilization and by Serum-free Starvation in Skeletal Muscles

[Purpose] Cast immobilization- and cell starvation-induced loss of muscle mass are closely associated with a dramatic reduction in the structural muscle proteins. Heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones that are constitutively expressed in several eukaryotic cells and have been shown to protect against various stressors. However, the changes in the phosphorylation of atrophy-related heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) are still poorly understood in skeletal muscles. In this study, we examine whether or not phosphorylation of HSP27 is changed in the skeletal muscles after cast immobilization and serum-free starvation with low glucose in a time-dependent manner. [Methods] We undertook a HSP27 expression and high-resolution differential proteomic analysis in skeletal muscles. Furthermore, we used western blotting to examine protein expression and phosphorylation of HSP27 in atrophied gastrocnemius muscle strips and L6 myoblasts. [Results] Cast immobilization and starvation significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of HSP27 in a time-dependent manner, respectively. [Conclusion] Our results suggest that cast immobilization- and serum-free starvation-induced atrophy may be in part related to changes in the phosphorylation of HSP27 in rat skeletal muscles.