Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Odorant receptor specificities and receptor combinatorials: implications for olfactory coding.

The perception and discrimination of thousands of different odorants by the vertebrate olfactory system results from the activation of specific olfactory neurons within the olfactory epithelium of the nose (reviewed in Buck, 2000; Firestein, 2001). Activity from these cells is then interpreted by the brain to discern the molecular identity of a given odorant stimulus. How is this process of molecular recognition accomplished? The first step in olfactory discrimination resides at the level of the interaction of odorous ligands with odorant receptors. How many different odorants can bind to an individual receptor, and how many different receptors are employed to identify a given ligand as a discrete odor percept? In one model, discrimination may occur by the use of relatively few receptors, each capable of interacting with numerous odorants. The discrimination of one odorant from another would then be achieved by combining or blending the inputs from these relatively non-selective, low affinity receptors. Alternatively, the olfactory system may employ a large number of receptors, each capable of binding to a more restricted subset of odorants.
Simultaneous Representations of Semilattices by Lattices with Permutable Congruences

The Congruence Lattice Problem (CLP), stated by R. P. Dilworth in the forties, asks whether every distributive {∨, 0}-semilattice S is isomorphic to the semilattice Conc L of compact congruences of a lattice L. While this problem is still open, many partial solutions have been obtained, positive and negative as well. The solution to CLP is known to be positive for all S such that |S|≤ℵ1. Furthermore, one can then take Lwith permutable congruences. This contrasts with the case where |S|≥ℵ2, where there are counterexamples S for which Lcannot be, for example, sectionally complemented. We prove in this paper that the lattices of these counterexamples cannot have permutable congruences as well. We also isolate finite, combinatorial analogues of these results. All the "finite" statements that we obtain are amalgamation properties of the Conc functor. The strongest known positive results, which originate in earlier work by the first author, imply that many diagrams of semilattices indexed by the square22 can be lifted with respect to the Conc functor. We prove that the latter results cannot be extended to the cube, 23. In particular, we give an example of a cube diagram of finite Boolean semilattices and semilattice embeddings that cannot be lifted, with respect to the Conc functor, by lattices with permutable congruences. We also extend many of our results to lattices with almost permutable congruences, that is, α∨β=αβ ∪βα, for all congruences α and β. We conclude the paper with a very short proof that no functor from finite Boolean semilattices to lattices can lift the Conc functor on finite Boolean semilattices.
Perceptions regarding oral rehydration solutions for the management of diarrhea in Guatemalan children: implications for diarrheal management in the Americas.

OBJECTIVE To describe knowledge and perceptions regarding the use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) for the management of diarrheal diseases among formal and informal health care providers and community caregivers in the Guatemalan department of Santa Rosa, and to recommend strategies to increase ORS use for management of diarrhea in children. METHODS From July to September 2008, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with formal health care providers; open-ended interviews were conducted with informal health care providers; and focus group discussions and pile sorting were carried out with community caregivers. RESULT The study participants attributed episodes of diarrhea in children to culturally recognized or folk ailments (empacho, cuajo, and varillas) that are primarily treated by traditional healers. There were knowledge deficits about 1) dehydration as a manifestation of diarrhea, and 2) management of dehydration, including the use of ORS and the need to continue feedings during diarrheal episodes. Caregivers perceived bottled/ready-made ORS products and the more expensive over-the-counter antidiarrheal medications as superior to ORS packets in the treatment of diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS In Guatemala, folk etiologies of disease differ from those of the biomedical establishment and influence the decisions made by caregivers when treating ill children, including those related to the use of ORS. Public health campaigns addressing the treatment and management of diarrheal diseases in Santa Rosa should recognize the ailments known as empacho, cuajo, and varillas and target them for ORS use by community caregivers as well as health care providers in both the formal and informal health sectors.
Flavivirus Cell Entry and Membrane Fusion

Flaviviruses, such as dengue virus and West Nile virus, are enveloped viruses that infect cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis and fusion from within acidic endosomes. The cell entry process of flaviviruses is mediated by the viral E glycoprotein. This short review will address recent advances in the understanding of flavivirus cell entry with specific emphasis on the recent study of Zaitseva and coworkers, indicating that anionic lipids might play a crucial role in the fusion process of dengue virus [1].
Bounded relational width

We prove that CSP(A) for an idempotent algebra A has bounded relational width if and only if var(A) omits the unary and affine types. If it has bounded relational width it has relational width at most 3. The problem, given a relational structure A, decide if CSP(A) has bounded relational width (equivalently, if the variety generated by the corresponding algebra omits the Boolean and affine types) is polynomial time.
Association between Type II Diabetes and Colon Cancer among Japanese with Reference to Changes in Food Intake

Many epidemiological studies have provided support for the hypothesis that type II diabetes can increase the risk of colorectal cancer, but time trends, geographical distributions and host factors for the two diseases remain largely to be clarified. To address these issues, we investigated the epidemic pattern of colon cancer and type II diabetes among Japanese in Japan (J-Japanese), with consideration of the westernization of dietary habits. Over the last three decades, the increase in crude mortality rates of colon cancer from the Vital Statistics has closely paralleled the increment in prevalence rates (PRs) from hospital based surveys of diabetes. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) for colon cancer among Japanese in the United States (US-Japanese) were higher than those among J-Japanese and almost the same as those among US-Whites, while PRs for type II diabetes among US-Japanese were the highest in the three populations. Correlation analysis showed that PRs for type II diabetes had a positive association with ASIRs for colon cancer among the combination of Japanese and US-Japanese (r=0.79, p<0.01). Since 1950, intake of milk, meat, eggs and fat/oil has increased, while that of rice and potatoes has gradually decreased. Our findings indicate that the increment of ASIRs for colon cancer among J-Japanese might be closely associated with the increment of PRs for type II diabetes, reflecting the westernization of food intake.
An iterative approach for global requirements elicitation: A case study analysis

Requirements Elicitation phase in Requirements Engineering (RE) is found to be very complex and demands more attention when software development is performed on the global scale. The available approaches of requirements elicitation require vigilant application in different scenarios of GSD and may need further improvement when considering challenges of distributed development. In this paper, a comprehensive survey of requirements elicitation approaches and challenges is performed which describes the limitations in applying the current elicitation approaches in GSD scenarios. Considering these constraints, an iterative framework for elicitation (IRE) in Requirements engineering is proposed. The case study analysis of the proposed model shows the effectiveness of iterative approach. The results show that IRE approach is more effective in satisfying the customer requirements than existing elicitation approaches.
Visual Servoing of a 5-DOF Mobile Manipulator Using a Panoramic Vision System

In this paper, a novel visual servoing technique for a S-DOF mobile manipulator with an eye-to-hand camera configuration is introduced. The proposed technique can be categorized as an image based (or 2D) visual servoing using a fixed camera in conjunction with a conic mirror (aka, an omni-directional camera system) providing panoramic vision. Two fictitious landmarks mounted on robot's end-effector along with their mirror reflections, when viewed by the camera, provide enough information for 3D reasoning based on the four points viewed on the image plane. Instead of directly using the image features associated with these four points, five new image features are chosen to make the image Jacobian of full rank. A dual estimation/control strategy based on Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is utilized to (I) estimate camera's intrinsic and extrinsic parameters, and (2) track the coordinates of the landmarks and their reflections on the image plane. The relationship between the translational and rotational velocity of a frame attached to the robot's end-effector and rate of change of the proposed image features are fully formulated The robustness of the proposed visual servoing technique is illustrated through computer simulations.
Research Paper: Enhancing Text Categorization with Semantic-enriched Representation and Training Data Augmentation

OBJECTIVE Acquiring and representing biomedical knowledge is an increasingly important component of contemporary bioinformatics. A critical step of the process is to identify and retrieve relevant documents among the vast volume of modern biomedical literature efficiently. In the real world, many information retrieval tasks are difficult because of high data dimensionality and the lack of annotated examples to train a retrieval algorithm. Under such a scenario, the performance of information retrieval algorithms is often unsatisfactory, therefore improvements are needed. DESIGN We studied two approaches that enhance the text categorization performance on sparse and high data dimensionality: (1) semantic-preserving dimension reduction by representing text with semantic-enriched features; and (2) augmenting training data with semi-supervised learning. A probabilistic topic model was applied to extract major semantic topics from a corpus of text of interest. The representation of documents was projected from the high-dimensional vocabulary space onto a semantic topic space with reduced dimensionality. A semi-supervised learning algorithm based on graph theory was applied to identify potential positive training cases, which were further used to augment training data. The effects of data transformation and augmentation on text categorization by support vector machine (SVM) were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Semantic-enriched data transformation and the pseudo-positive-cases augmented training data enhance the efficiency and performance of text categorization by SVM.
Drugs affecting sleep and wakefulness: a review

According to Stahl’s textbook of essential psychopharmacology, sleep is considered to be “vital sign” related to psychiatry and is considered equally important and in the same league by psychopharmacologists as pain, while evaluating the psychiatric health of an individual. The evidence is there supporting the fact that inappropriate sleep may not only affect an individual’s mental and physical balance but can even go up to an extent that the person may depart from putting up a civilized behavior in the society and exhibiting appropriate moral principles.
Intention of Hospital Managers in Implementing the Balanced Scorecard

Achieving the implementation of a hospital's vision and mission depends on the strategies that used and the management of human resources. Balanced scorecard (BSC) is one of the strategic tools that are in great demand today to be applied in the health sector. The interest or intention in implementing of BSC depends on individual attitudinal factors, subjective norms and behavioral controls that refer to Planned Behavior (TPB). The aim of this study is to determine the intention of hospital managers in implementing the balanced scorecard. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with a cross sectional approach and the sampling technique used purposive sampling. The methods of data collecting used questionnaires, interviewed and analyzed by multiple linear regression. The results of the 90 samples showed an influence on attitudinal variables, subjective norms and simultaneous behavioral control as indicated by Sig = 0,000. While partially attitudinal variables (Sig = 0.029<0.05), subjective norm (Sig = 0.011<0.05) and behaviour control have effect on intention (Sig = 0.036<0.05).
Will You "Reconsume" the Near Past? Fast Prediction on Short-Term Reconsumption Behaviors

The short-term reconsumption behaviors, i.e. “reconsume” the near past, account for a large proportion of people’s activities every day and everywhere. In this paper, we firstly derived four generic features which influence people’s short-term reconsumption behaviors. These features were extracted with respect to different roles in the process of reconsumption behaviors, i.e. users, items and interactions. Then, we brought forward two fast algorithms with the linear and the quadratic kernels to predict whether a user will perform a short-term reconsumption at a specific time given the context. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithms are more accurate in the prediction tasks compared with the baselines. Meanwhile, the time complexity of online prediction of our algorithms is O(1), which enables fast prediction in real-world scenarios. The prediction contributes to more intelligent decision-making, e.g. potential revisited customer identification, personalized recommendation, and information re-finding.
Bargaining towards maximized resource utilization in video streaming datacenters

Datacenters can be used to host large-scale video streaming services with better operational efficiency, as the multiplexing achieved by virtualization technologies allows different videos to share resources at the same physical server. Live migration of videos from servers that are overloaded to those that are under-utilized may be a solution to handle a flash crowd of requests, in the form of virtual machines (VMs). However, such migration has to be performed with a well-designed mechanism to fully utilize available resources in all three resource dimensions: storage, bandwidth and CPU cycles. In this paper, we show why the challenge of maximizing resource utilization in a video streaming datacenter is equivalent to maximizing the joint profit in the context of Nash bargaining solutions, by defining utility functions properly. Having servers participating as players to bargain with each other, and VMs as commodities in the game, trades conducted after bargaining govern VM migration decisions in each server. With extensive simulations driven by real-world traces from UUSee Inc., we show that our new VM migration algorithm based on such Nash bargaining solutions increases both the resource utilization ratio and the number of video streaming requests handled by the datacenter, yet achievable in a lightweight fashion.
The Correlation Between Students’ Habit In Listening Song And Students’ English Listening Skill

The purpose of this research is to find out The Correlation between Students’ Habit in Listening Song and Student’s English Listening Skill. The research conducted at the senior high school of Trampil for the twelve grade students. The school is located in East Jakarta. The method used is a survey with correlational analysis. The result of the research are there is positive and significant correlation between students’ habit in listening song and English listening skill. It is shown in the score of Fobserved is 39.286 and Sig is 0.000. The score of Fobserved is more than Ftable (> 3.25), and the score of Sig is less than 0.05 (<0.05). Based on that, we can conclude that the better of students’ habit in listening song, the better students’ listening
INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR SEMIAUTOMATIC FACIAL ANIMATION

In this paper we propose a system for designing and generating person specific facial animation. In order to make the process of facial animation design easier, we want to provide a user with a facial expressions script language. With use of this script language, user can design facial animations without any knowledge about psychology, physiology of the face or computer graphics. Our definition of the facial expressions script language is based on Facial Action Coding System (FACS) developed by P. Ekman and F.W. Friesen and based on Action Units (AUs), which correspond to visual changes on the human face. We also present a generic parametric model for facial animation, which is used in our system. This model of the face is directly based on AUs and can be easily adapted to a specific person. It combines the advantages of parametric animation models such as wireframe model independency with the accuracy of face movements reproduction (cloning) obtained in performance driven models. This model can also be used separately from the whole system.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological interventions to promote treatment adherence in children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic illness.

OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of recent adherence-promoting interventions for youth with chronic health conditions. METHODS Peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials of adherence-promoting interventions for youth with a chronic illness published between 2007 and 2013 (n = 23) were reviewed. Intervention delivery (in-person vs. technology-based) and outcome measurement (e.g., self-report) were examined as potential moderators of treatment effects. RESULTS Mean effect sizes were small at posttreatment (d = 0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.31, n = 23) and follow-up (d = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.43, n = 9). Intervention delivery and outcome measurement did not account for variation in treatment effects (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS The small treatment effects of recent adherence-promoting intervention (APIs) reflect the methodological limitations of the included studies and the need to reexamine the delivery and mechanisms of adherence-promoting interventions.
Stopband-enhanced and size-miniaturized low-pass filters using high-impedance property of offset finite-ground microstrip line

The uniform finite-ground microstrip line (FGMSL) and its constituted circuit elements are thoroughly characterized via self-calibrated method of moments for innovative design of a stopband-enhanced and size-miniaturized low-pass filter (LPF). Firstly, an offset FGMSL is modeled and extracted to quantitatively exhibit its capacity in achieving higher characteristic impedance compared to the infinite-ground microstrip line (MSL) counterpart. Secondly, the finite-extended FGMSL section with equally widened strip/ground or offset narrow strip/ground conductors is studied in terms of an equivalent T- or /spl pi/-network, thereby constructing the modified MSL shunt capacitive or series inductive element. By making effective use of enlarged series inductance of an offset FGMSL with shorter electrical length, two novel LPF blocks are designed on a basis of cascaded circuit networks. Predicted S-parameters show widened and deepened stopband beyond the low passband. Furthermore, it is confirmed by measurement.
There Is No Association between MicroRNA Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Triple Negative Breast Cancer in a Chinese Han Population

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the lack of the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). It is characterized by aggressive behavior, poor prognosis and lack of targeted therapies. MicroRNA (miRNA) as a novel modulator of gene expression has played an important regulatory role in the malignancy. Dysregulation and/or mutation of the miRNAs may also contribute to the TNBC susceptibility since it is associated with the expression of ER, PR and HER2. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNAs may be extremely relevant for TNBC. We tried to validate the hypothesis that genetic variations in miRNA are associated with TNBC development, and identify candidate biomarkers for TNBC susceptibility and clinical treatment. We screened the genetic variants in all miRNA genes listed in the public database miRBase and NCBI. A total of 23 common SNPs in 22 miRNAs, which tagged the known common variants in the Chinese Han people with a minor allele frequency greater than 0.05, were genotyped. This case-control study involved 191 patients with TNBC and 192 healthy female controls. Frequencies of SNPs were compared between cases and controls to identify the SNPs associated with TNBC susceptibility. No significant association was found between TNBC risk and the SNPs in the miRNA genes in the Chinese Han people (P>0.05), but this warrants further studies.
Asymptotically optimal block quantization

In 1948 W. R. Bennett used a companding model for nonuniform quantization and proposed the formula D \: = \: \frac{1}{12N^{2}} \: \int \: p(x) [ E(x) ]^{-2} \dx for the mean-square quantizing error where N is the number of levels, p (x) is the probability density of the input, and E \prime (x) is the slope of the compressor curve. The formula, an approximation based on the assumption that the number of levels is large and overload distortion is negligible, is a useful tool for analytical studies of quantization. This paper gives a heuristic argument generalizing Bennett's formula to block quantization where a vector of random variables is quantized. The approach is again based on the asymptotic situation where N , the number of quantized output vectors, is very large. Using the resulting heuristic formula, an optimization is performed leading to an expression for the minimum quantizing noise attainable for any block quantizer of a given block size k . The results are consistent with Zador's results and specialize to known results for the one- and two-dimensional cases and for the case of infinite block length (k \rightarrow \infty) . The same heuristic approach also gives an alternate derivation of a bound of Elias for multidimensional quantization. Our approach leads to a rigorous method for obtaining upper bounds on the minimum distortion for block quantizers. In particular, for k = 3 we give a tight upper bound that may in fact be exact. The idea of representing a block quantizer by a block "compressor" mapping followed with an optimal quantizer for uniformly distributed random vectors is also explored. It is not always possible to represent an optimal quantizer with this block companding model.