Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coarse-grained molecular dynamics modeling of the kinetics of lamellar BCP defect annealing

Directed self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) is a process that has received great interest in the field of nanomanufacturing in the past decade, and great strides towards forming high quality aligned patterns have been made. But state of the art methods still yield defectivities orders of magnitude higher than is necessary in semi-conductor fabrication even though free energy calculations suggest that equilibrium defectivities are much lower than is necessary for economic semi-conductor fabrication. This disparity suggests that the main problem may lie in the kinetics of defect removal. This work uses a coarse-grained model to study the rates, pathways, and dependencies of healing a common defect to give insight into the fundamental processes that control defect healing and give guidance on optimal process conditions for BCP-DSA. It is found that infinitely thick films yield an exponential drop in defect heal rate above χN ~ 30. Below χN ~ 30, the rate of transport was similar to the rate at which the transition state was reached so that the overall rate changed only slightly. The energy barrier in periodic simulations increased with 0.31 χN on average. Thin film simulations show no change in rate associated with the energy barrier below χN ~ 50, and then show an increase in energy barrier scaling with 0. 16χN. Thin film simulations always begin to heal at either the free interface or the BCP-underlayer interface where the increased A-B contact area associated with the transition state will be minimized, while the infinitely thick films must start healing in the bulk where the A-B contact area is increased. It is also found that cooperative chain movement is required for the defect to start healing.
Workplace violence against nursing interns and patient safety: The multiple mediation effect of professional identity and professional burnout

Most nursing interns have suffered some form of workplace violence in clinical settings, which has been linked to the jeopardizing of patient safety. Although previous research studies have examined the effect of workplace violence on patient safety, few studies have examined whether workplace violence is associated with patient safety through professional identity and professional burnout among nursing interns.
Semi-Global Leaderless Output Consensus of Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems With Input Saturations

This paper studies the semi-global leaderless output consensus problem for heterogeneous multi-agent systems with input saturations. To solve the consensus problem under the input saturations, the consensus trajectory should be bounded such that the control inputs of all agents are not saturated. However, generating a bounded trajectory satisfying this condition is not an easy problem. Accordingly, we construct the modified reference generator to generate the bounded trajectory for any bounded initial states, and two types of distributed controllers depending on the available information are proposed to track the generated trajectory. Specifically, we construct the distributed controllers using the state feedback and the output feedback based on the output regulation approach, respectively. Then, utilizing the low gain method, we show the existence of the solution for the semi-global output consensus problem. Finally, we provide numerical examples to demonstrate the theoretical results.
Studies of minority carrier diffusion length increase in p-type ZnO:Sb

Minority electron diffusion length was measured in p-type, Sb-doped ZnO as a function of temperature using the electron beam induced current technique. A thermally induced increase of electron diffusion length was determined to have an activation energy of 184±10meV. Irradiation with a low energy (5kV) electron beam also resulted in an increase of diffusion length with a similar activation energy (219±8meV). Both phenomena are suggested to involve a SbZn–2VZn acceptor complex. Saturation and relaxation dynamics of minority carrier diffusion length are explored. Details of a possible mechanism for diffusion length increase are presented.
Atomically-thin crystalline films and ribbons of bismuth telluride

The authors report on “graphene-like” exfoliation of the large-area crystalline films and ribbons of bismuth telluride with the thicknesses of a few atoms. It is demonstrated that Bi2Te3 crystal can be mechanically separated into its building blocks—Te–Bi–Te–Bi–Te atomic fivefolds—with the thickness of ∼1 nm and even further—to subunits with smaller thicknesses. The atomically-thin films can be structured into suspended crystalline ribbons providing quantum confinement in two dimensions. The quasi two-dimensional crystals of bismuth telluride revealed high electrical conductivity and low thermal conductivity. The proposed atomic-layer engineering of bismuth telluride opens up a principally new route for drastic enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit.
A Shortest Path Graph Attention Network and Non-traditional Multi-deep Layouts in Robotic Mobile Fulfillment System

The rapid development of E-commerce has forced warehouse operations to develop towards a robotics-based system named Robotic Mobile Fulfillment System (RMFS), in which shortest path planning and conflict recognition play a vital role in enhancing the operational efficiency under multiple mobile robots movement. Compared to the traditional double-deep layout in Automatic Guided Vehicle (AGV) system, this paper proposes multi-deep based layouts in RMFS, including the modification of Flying-V, Fishbone and Chevron layouts. Under these circumstances, this paper further adopts the shortest path graph attention network in RMFS. This paper considers the Dijkstra algorithm as a baseline and compares it with Biased Cost Pathfinding methods, Anytime Repairing A-star and Flow-Annotation Re-planning methods. The shortest path graph attention network adoption in RMFS should enhance the overall operational efficiency and effectiveness under different layouts scenarios with different path planning methods.
Sublattice Effects in Magnetic Resonance

The resonance frequencies of a system containing two or four magnetic sublattices with different gyro-magnetic ratios are calculated. It is found that in many cases the results reduce to the standard formulas of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic resonance; they are stated, however, in terms of an effective gyromagnetic ratio equal to the quotient of the net magnetic moment and the net angular momentum of the system. Line splitting due to the existence of several normal modes of nearly equal frequencies, and the effect of the sublattice structure upon the anisotropy contribution to the line width are also discussed. The calculated values of effective $g$ values and line widths as a function of composition are compared with the experimental results for the nickel ferrite-aluminates.
Solution for Spin-Up from Rest of Liquid with a Free Surface

The problem of spin-up from rest of a liquid in a partially filled circular cylinder is considered. The Ekman number of the system, E = I//H/? 2, is much smaller than unity. Numerical solutions to the governing Navier-Stokes equations have been secured. The numerical results provide descriptions of the evolving free surface shape, as well as the time-dependent three-component (w, v, vt>) velocity field. Particular attention is given to the task of verifying the capabilities of the earlier analytical models. Numerical results for four prototypical flow configurations are examined. For all four cases, close agreement is noted in the free surface contour and azimuthal velocity field between the present numerical results and the predictions of the analytical model. Utilizing the numerical data, time-dependent meridional flowfields are depicted. These are consistent with the fundamental notions embedded in the analytical model. The present numerical study is supportive of the basic contentions of the model.
Using Custom Fault Models to Improve Understanding of Silicon Failures

In lower technology nodes, cases are rising where silicon behavior is unexpected under the applications of a traditional fault model-based test vector. For example, a Transition Delay Fault (TDF) based test vector expected to catch timing sensitive defects which should have frequency dependency. The expected behavior would be a reducing error counts (even a small passing region) with higher voltage and lower frequency. But often hard/static failures (no passing region across voltage/Frequency) are being observed with TDF pattern set. A hard failure may indicate a cell internal open defect which is accidently triggered by TDF two cycle patterns. To understand these silicon failures, it is important to generate test vectors targeting special input combinations for all the standard cells in the design. EDA industry provides the solution using the proposed ‘Cell Aware’ fault model. However, in this paper, we talk about different types of in-house custom fault modelling which can be generated in ‘logical space’. The paper talk in details of the methodology of these in-house fault models, compares them, and finally use failure analysis (FA) to prove the effectiveness of the fault model.
LPV observer for leakage detection of the pipeline system

This work presents a Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) observer for the leak diagnosis problem in a water pipeline system. First, the LPV representation of the system is derived from the nonlinear model of a pipeline. Then LPV observer is designed via solving Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). To assess the performance of the proposed approach, the proposed observer is applied to detect the leak of a real pipeline system. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Put Your Money Where Your Mouth is: A Values-Based Evaluation Tool for Collections Decisions

Abstract As libraries and communities consider institutional values and ethical standards, there is a need to scrutinize how those values and standards connect with collections decisions. An existing body of literature about the contents of the collections exists, with respect to issues like decolonization and open access, but little about the business relationships libraries maintain in order to acquire these collections. In this paper, librarians from Purdue University take a critical approach to identifying the values of their institution at multiple levels, including a newly released Libraries strategic plan, to create a values-based evaluation tool for future collection assessment.
Glassy Dielectric Processes in Reduced Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Trifluoroethylene) Copolymer System

Dynamic processes in relaxorlike reduced poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) copolymer have been studied by measurements of the temperature- and frequency-dependent linear and third-order nonlinear dielectric response. Analysis of the experimental data reveals that relaxor dielectric dynamics, which is here not influenced by processes in the amorphous matrix, is almost identical to that observed in classical relaxor systems and, furthermore, reminiscent of the dynamic behaviour observed in various spin glasses. Furthermore, a clear indication was obtained that all polar dynamic processes terminate down to ≈100 K and that below this temperature only non-polar contributions govern the dielectric response.
Precise Position Control of a Multi-rotor UAV with a Cable-suspended Mechanism During Water Sampling

This paper addresses the problem of water sampling by using a multirotor UAV with a cable-suspended mechanism. In order to ensure the safe execution of the sampling procedure and the stabilization of the vehicle, the disturbances, induced by the water flow and transferred through the cable, have to be identified. Specifically, an estimate of the disturbances is extracted by integrating a depth sensor, a load cell, an ultrasonic sensor and a downward-looking camera into the UAV's sensor suite and fusing the respective measurements. Gaussian Processes are afterwards employed so as to learn the uncertain disturbances in real time and in a non-parametric manner. The predicted disturbances are incorporated into a geometric control scheme which is capable of stabilizing the UAV above the desired sampling position while compensating for the aforementioned disturbances. The performance of the proposed control strategy is demonstrated through both simulation and experimental results.
Augmented Reality Assisted Mathematics Learning Media in The Covid-19 Pandemic

Utilization of cultural literacy is still low in the school environment. However, learning at Veterans Vocational High School is done online due to the Covid-19 pandemic which requires students to study at their respective homes. Augmented Reality as an alternative media for learning mathematics. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of cultural literacy as a medium for learning mathematics assisted by augmented reality in Veterans Vocational School. The design of this research is qualitative research. In this study, researchers tried to describe, identify, and classify the use of mathematics learning media in Veterans Vocational School. By taking a sample of 1 mathematics teacher and 9 students of class XI AKL. The researcher used the instrument in this study was a non-test instrument. The application of augmented reality learning media is only at the learning theory stage in the stimulus stage where mathematics learning material geometric transformation can be done by applying learning media using Cultural Literacy, namely "Batik Trusmi", in the learning process after students are given an understanding of geometric transformation students will be given examples of problem cases which usually happens in real life and is evident in Trusmi's batik art. The learning process is expected to be able to make students better understand the material of geometric transformation because students analyze problems that can be encountered in real life regarding the material
Analysis and Measurements of an Urea Biosensor Based on Instrumentation Amplifier Chip With Cross-Coupled Technique

In this work, we design a high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) and low unity gain frequency (UGF) cross-coupled instrumentation amplifier (CCIA). This design was implemented by the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process technology. By using the three proposed cross-coupled operational amplifier, the CCIAs was designed with the power supply of +1.8 and −1.8 V. The instrumentation amplifier (IA) achieved a voltage gain of 56.92 dB with a CMRR of 126.08 dB. This IA was applied on an arrayed RuO2 urea biosensor as a readout circuit. Moreover, the sensing characteristics of the urea biosensor were analyzed. The experimental results show that our arrayed RuO2 urea biosensor combined with CCIA has a good average sensitivity of 2.933 mV/(mg/dL) and a linearity of 0.998. With the proposed IA, an effective measurement system can be achieved due to simplicity, convenience, and low cost.
A Novel Opto Electro Mechanical Interrogation System for Measuring Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensors

Here, we describe a novel FBG interrogation system in which FBGs are used as both sensing and reference elements. The reference FBGs is bonded to a mechanical flexure system having a linear amplification of 1:3.5, which is actuated using a piezo-actuator by applying a 0–150 V ramp. The lengths of the reference gratings decide the maximum strain that can be applied to the reference grating, which in turn decides that strain range which can be interrogated. The main advantages of the present system are the on-line measurement of the wavelength shifts, small size, good sensitivity, multiplexing capability and low cost.
Kernel Estimates for Categorical Data

A new method of estimation of the smoothing parameters of the Aitchison and Aitken kernel method for categorical data is proposed. This is based on minimizing an unbiased estimator of the mean squared error, and it provides a natural approach to multivariate estimation, thus allowing for the interaction structure of data in a simple way. The kernel smoothing technique is shown theoretically to offer a potential improvement over the direct use of cell frequencies, by means of an existence theorem akin to that used by Hoerl and Kennard for ridge regression. The proposed smoothing parameter estimates are compared with competing methods by means of a simulation in the simple binomial case and are illustrated on a set of multivariate data used in Titterington (1980). A property of invariance to the reversal of estimate formation and marginalization is proved for any multivariate kernel and estimation procedure.
On the Order and Attainable Intervals of Periodicity of Explicit Nyström Methods for $y'' = f(t,y)$

We consider the class of m-stage explicit Nystrom methods for $y'' = f(t,y)$ which are at least order one. We first show that the length of the interval of periodicity (see our definition in § 2) scaled by dividing by m for any such method cannot exceed two. While there exist methods of order one and two possessing this optimal length of interval of periodicity; we show that if a method of order higher than two possessses an interval of periodicity, then the length of its scaled interval of periodicity is less than two.
Towards Adaptive Continuous Control of Soft Robotic Manipulator using Reinforcement Learning

Although the soft robot is gaining considerable popularity in dexterous and safe manipulation, accurate motion control is still an open problem to be explored. Recent investigations suggest that reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising solution but lacks efficient adaptability for Sim2Real transfer or environment variations. In this paper, we present a deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG)-based control system for the continuous task-space manipulation of soft robots. Domain randomization is adopted in simulation for fast control-policy initialization, while an offline retraining strategy is utilized to update the controller parameters for incremental learning. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed RL controller can track a moving target accurately (with RMSE of 1.26 mm), and accommodate to external varying load effectively (with ~30% RMSE reduction after retraining). Comparisons among the proposed RL controller and other supervised-learning-based controllers in handling additional tip load were also conducted. The results support that our RL method is appropriate for automatic learning such that there is no need of manual interference for data processing, particularly in cases with external disturbances and actuation redundancy.
Comparative Study of Dimension Reduction Methods for Highly Imbalanced Overlapping Churn Data

Retention of possible churning customer is one of the most important issues in customer relationship management, so companies try to predict churn customers using their large-scale high-dimensional data. This study focuses on dealing with large data sets by reducing the dimensionality. By using six different dimension reduction methods? Principal Component Analysis (PCA), factor analysis (FA), locally linear embedding (LLE), local tangent space alignment (LTSA), locally preserving projections (LPP), and deep auto-encoder? our experiments apply each dimension reduction method to the training data, build a classification model using the mapped data and then measure the performance using hit rate to compare the dimension reduction methods. In the result, PCA shows good performance despite its simplicity, and the deep auto-encoder gives the best overall performance. These results can be explained by the characteristics of the churn prediction data that is highly correlated and overlapped over the classes. We also proposed a simple out-of-sample extension method for the nonlinear dimension reduction methods, LLE and LTSA, utilizing the characteristic of the data.
A more efficient algorithm for the min-plus multiplication

The (min, + ) product C of two n × n matrices A and B is defined as C ij = min1≦k≦n A ik + B kj . This paper presents an algorithm to compute the (min, +) product of two n × n matrices. The algorithm follows the approach described by Fredman, but is faster than Fredman's own algorithm: its time complexity is either O(n 3/√log2 n) or even O(n 2.5√log2 n), if one adheres to the uniform-cost RAM model faithfully. This result implies the existence of O(n 3/√log2 n) algorithms for the problems that (min, +) matrix multiplication is equivalent to, such as the all-pairs shortest paths problem. As the presented algorithm uses operations on sets, the formal analysis of its time complexity raises a few interesting questions about the applicability of the standard RAM complexity model.
Effect of Hesperetin on the Antidepressant Activity of Electroconvulsive Therapy in an Enforced Reserpine Model of Depression in Male Rats

Background: Depression is a common and debilitating disorder of the brain. Many pharmacological therapies, including many plant components (such as flavonoids), are used to treat depression. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a useful method for depressed patients who do not respond to medication. However, this method has some side effects. Hence, investigators have tried to improve ECT’s positive points by diminishing its side effects. Objectives: We investigated the effect of hesperetin (a flavonoid component) on the antidepressant activity of ECT in an enforced reserpine model of depression in male rats. Methods: Eighty male rats (230 - 250 g) were randomly divided into control, ECT + reserpine (Res), Res + hesperetin (Hes; 10 or 20 mg/kg), Res + ECT, and Res + ECT + Hes (10 or 20 mg/kg) groups. The effects of hesperetin were evaluated by the forced swimming test (FST), sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze test (EPMT), as well as by measurement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and oxidative stress biomarkers [ie, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH)] in the prefrontal cortex area. Results: The outcomes of the behavioral experiments showed that Hes + ECT treatment could raise the percentage of open arm entrance in EPMT, anhedonia in SPT, and decrease immobilization time in FST compared to the groups treated with ECT (P < 0.05) or hesperetin alone. Our biochemical research also illustrated a significant reduction in MDA in the groups treated with ECT + Hes (10 or 20 mg/kg; P < 0.01 and P < 0.001) and ECT or hesperetin, as well as a significant increase in GSH, SOD, and BDNF in the ECT + Hes (20 mg/kg) animal group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In depressed rats, the ECT linked to the application of hesperetin could significantly elevate BDNF, GSH, and SOD reduction in depressed male rats.