Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
African archives in the Caribbean: the Yoruba tradition, cultural experts, and the unmaking of religious knowledge in twentieth-century Trinidad

ABSTRACT Attending to how religious custodians, colonial agents, and scholars have exchanged knowledge across sites in Africa and the Caribbean during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this article raises questions about continuities and ruptures in religious traditions that challenge perceptions of homelands as sites of stable, originary knowledges/heritages and diasporas as sites of improvised and severed knowledges/heritages. Highlighting the Yoruba-Orisa1 religion in Trinidad as a rich diasporic site to work through these issues, I employ a transdisciplinary methodology to argue that historicizing and theorizing African heritage religions that have unfolded around and in the wake of the events of the transatlantic slave trade require comparative research methods – historical, sociolinguistic, phenomenological, decolonial, material cultural studies – that facilitate critical explorations of the multidirectional circulation of expert religious knowledge between Africa and its diasporas. In so doing, we can examine the Caribbean and the Americas not only as sites of African diasporic archives and religious history but also as archival diasporas of African continental religious and socio-political history.
Application of ultrasound in the management of TRASH (the radiographic appearance seemed harmless) fractures in preschool children: A review

Elbow fracture is one of the most common fractures in preschool children, and the secondary ossification center appears regularly with age increasing. Transphyseal separation of the distal humerus, medial humeral condyle fracture, lateral humeral condyle fracture, radial head osteochondral separation, and Monteggia fracture (minimal ulnar bow type) are difficult to diagnose based on X-ray films alone because of the unossified secondary ossification center or a suspicious non-alignment of the anatomical cartilage of the elbow joint in preschool children. These 5 fractures above are defined as The Radiographic Appearance Seemed Harmless fractures in preschool children (TRASH-PS). The TRASH-PS fractures must be taken into consideration when there is swelling at the injured site without fracture feature on X-ray. Additionally, relevant misdiagnosis or unsuitable management can lead to elbow dysfunction and deformity. Therefore, this work reviews the application of ultrasound in the management of TRASH-PS fractures.
The inversion effect on the cubic humanness-uncanniness relation in humanlike agents

The uncanny valley describes the typically nonlinear relation between the esthetic appeal of artificial entities and their human likeness. The effect has been attributed to specialized (configural) processing that increases sensitivity to deviations from human norms. We investigate this effect in computer-generated, humanlike android and human faces using dynamic facial expressions. Angry and happy expressions with varying degrees of synchrony were presented upright and inverted and rated on their eeriness, strangeness, and human likeness. A sigmoidal function of human likeness and uncanniness (“uncanny slope”) was found for upright expressions and a linear relation for inverted faces. While the function is not indicative of an uncanny valley, the results support the view that configural processing moderates the effect of human likeness on uncanniness and extend its role to dynamic facial expressions.
Citizen Science Project, Weather-it, in Science Education: The Scientific Attitudes of Junior High School Students

Formal education increasingly includes citizen science projects. There is clear evidence of the benefits of citizen science projects for science learning, where one of the goals of science education is to foster a logical mindset and add information to students. This study aimed to measure changes in scientific attitude and the addition of knowledge acquired by students. This project is named Weather-it, which consists of activities to investigate the weather and identify clouds. Thirty junior high school students were involved in this study. Research data were obtained from semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. The experts have verified the 23 statement items on the questionnaire sheet. The results showed that 77% of students were in the good category for the indicator of curiosity, 67% in the sufficient category for the indicator of respect for data, 93% for the sufficient category for the indicator of critical thinking, and 77% for the sufficient category for the indicator of open-mindedness and cooperation. Furthermore, students explained the knowledge they gained through the citizen science project, Weather-it, including knowledge about clouds, technology, the use of Microsoft Excel in processing data, the use of weather in aviation, and the duties of a meteorologist.
Consistency between two subjective assessments of activities of daily living: Patient- and occupational therapist-reported judgments

Purpose To examine the consistency between patient- and occupational therapist-reported judgments of patients’ ability and change in ADL abilities. Materials Patient- and therapist-reported ADL abilities were assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale, whilst the changes in patients’ ADL abilities were reported by patients and therapists using a 15-point Likert-type scale. Methods Repeated assessments at a 3-week interval were used. 88 inpatients with stroke and 16 occupational therapists were recruited from rehabilitation wards in a medical center. Results Moderate correlations (rs = .53–.56) were found between the patient- and therapist-reported ADL abilities. The patient-reported scores were significantly lower (ds = .45; ps < .001 at follow-up) than the therapist-reported scores. Only low correlation (r = .33) was found for the change scores. Conclusions Our findings indicated that there was only a moderate to low correlation between the patients' reports and the therapists' judgments regarding the patients' ADL ability and its change. Because both patients’ reports and therapists’ judgments affect decisions on rehabilitation, frequent communication may be beneficial for reaching consensus and helpful in managing the interventions.
Mineralkvävedynamik och växtnäringsutlakning i handels/stallgödslade odlingssystem med och utan fånggröda

I foreliggande rapport presenteras resultaten fran atta forsoksar (1990-1997) vid Mellby forsoksstation i Halland. I forsoket studeras de langsiktiga effekterna pa mark och miljo av odling av fanggroda samt med aren aterkommande stallgodseltillforsel. Forsok vid Mellby utgor en av fyra forsoksplatser i sodra Sverige, dar utlakningsstudier bedrivs med medel fran Jordbruksverket och som har samma overgripande forsokssyfte. Studier av utlakningsforhallanden i detta langsiktiga forsok vid Mellby har bedrivits sedan 1983. Resultat fran tidigare forsoksar har presenterats av Torstensson et al., 1992; Linden et al., 1993; Aronsson, 1994; Aronsson, 1995 och Aronsson, 1996.
Smartphones app as portable colorimetric sensor for low-cost quantification of safranin dye in aqueous solutions

ABSTRACT. An android smartphone-based digital image colorimeter was proposed as a novel, fast, cheap, and portable colorimetric sensor for quantification of safranin in aqueous solutions via built-in-house light-boxes photography. Smartphone application known as RGB color detector app that uses an image-matching algorithm via using of take photo (TP) and live camera (LC) to analyze colorful solutions. The color values including red (R), green (G), and blue (B) parameters can be measured with the aid of the app and used for quantifying colorful solutions. The influence of various experimental factors has been optimized. Under optimal conditions, analytical curves were 1.0-10.0 and 2.0-30.0 µg/mL of safranin using G and B parameters, respectively. The obtained signal via the G channel also presented greater sensitivity and linearity, therefore preferred to be the best working channel. The obtained linear range, correlation coefficient, limit of detection, and limit of quantification were 1.00-10.00 µg/mL, 0.9889, 0.15 µg/mL, and 0.51 µg/mL via the GTP-25 method, and 1.00-10.00 µg/mL, 0.9961, 0.13 µg/mL, and 0.44 µg/mL via GLC-25 method, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for evaluation of the dye removal. Results were in good agreement with those recorded by UV-Visible spectrophotometer/reference method. KEY WORDS: Smartphone, App, Portable, Colorimetric, Sensor, Safranin Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1065-1080. DOI: https://dx.doi. org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5. 1
Developments in survey research in the past 25 years

In recognition of Survey Methodology ’s silver anniversary, this paper reviews the major advances in survey research that have taken place in the past 25 years. It provides a general overview of developments in: the survey research profession; survey methodology – questionnaire design, data collection methods, handling missing data, survey sampling, and total survey error; and survey applications – panel surveys, international surveys, and secondary analysis. It also attempts to forecast some future developments in these areas.
Working Papers in Economics : 1907 EFFICIENT ESTIMATION OF NONPARAMETRIC REGRESSION IN THE PRESENCE OF DYNAMIC HETEROSKEDASTICIT

We study the effi cient estimation of nonparametric regression in the presence of heteroskedasticity. We focus our analysis on local polynomial estimation of nonparametric regressions with conditional heteroskedasticity in a time series setting. We introduce a weighted local polynomial regression smoother that takes account of the dynamic heteroskedasticity. We show that, although traditionally it is adviced that one should not weight for heteroskedasticity in nonparametric regressions, in many popular nonparametric regression models our method has lower asymptotic variance than the usual unweighted procedures. We conduct a Monte Carlo investigation that confirms the effi ciency gain over conventional nonparametric regression estimators in finite samples. JEL classifications: C13, C14
A web observatory for the machine processability of structured data on the web

General human intelligence is needed in order to process Linked Open Data (LOD). On the Semantic Web (SW), content is intended to be machine-processable as well. But the extent to which a machine is able to navigate, access, and process the SW has not been extensively researched. We present LOD Observer, a web observatory that studies the Web from a machine processor's point of view. We do this by reformulating the five star model of LOD publishing in quantifiable terms. Secondly, we built an infrastructure that allows the model's criteria to be quantified over existing datasets. Thirdly, we analyze a significant snapshot of the LOD cloud using this infrastructure and discuss the main problems a machine processor encounters.
A Comparative Study on the Growth Performance and Gut Microbial Composition of Duroc and Yorkshire Boars

The intestinal microbiota is required for maintaining the development and health of the host. However, the gut microbiota contributing to the regulation of the growth performance and health of Duroc and Yorkshire boars remains largely unknown. In this study, we first evaluated the difference in the growth performance between Duroc and Yorkshire boars when their body weight reached 100 kg. Relative to Duroc boars, Yorkshire boars weighed 100 kg at a younger age and exhibited a significantly lower backfat thickness and eye muscle area. Microbial analysis of the fecal samples revealed a marked difference in gut microbiota composition between the two pig models and remarkably increased α-diversity in Yorkshire boars compared to Duroc boars. Further analysis indicated that Bacteroidota, Prevotellaceae, and Ruminococcaceae might be associated with the growth performance and lean meat rate of Yorkshire boars. Taken together, these results highlight that Yorkshire boars exhibit a faster growth rate and higher lean meat rate compared to Duroc boars, and these differences may be attributed to the influence of the gut microbiota, thereby providing valuable insight into optimizing pig breeding systems and selecting terminal paternal sires to enhance overall productivity and quality.
Assessment of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Central Sensitization Related to Shoulder Osteoarthritis and Rotator Cuff Tears Using the Central Sensitization Inventory: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shoulder Surgery Patients

Shoulder disorders occasionally cause intractable pain. Central sensitization (CS) may be involved in such pain. Identifying risk factors associated with CS is crucial for effective pain control. This study aimed to determine the effects of shoulder osteoarthritis and rotator cuff tears (RCT) on CS and associated factors. This study included patients evaluated for CS using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) before surgery for shoulder osteoarthritis, RCT, or cuff tear arthropathy. Patients with a CSI score of 40 or higher were defined as having CS. The relationships between glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA), RCT size, and CS were statistically analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the factors affecting CSI scores. Subjects included 167 patients: 131 patients had RCT without GHOA, 23 had GHOA with RCT, and 13 had GHOA without RCT. The GHOA group had a significantly higher CSI score (27.5 [10.8–40.5] vs. 18.0 [10.0–27.5]) and CS prevalence (27.8% vs. 8.4%) than the RCT without GHOA group. There was no significant correlation between RCT size and CSI scores. Multiple regression analysis showed that female sex, severe pain, and long pain duration were associated with higher CSI scores. Considering the risk factors for CS might be helpful in shoulder treatment.
Life Science Workflow Services (LifeSWS): motivations and architecture

Data driven science requires manipulating large datasets coming from various data sources through complex workflows based on a variety of models and languages. With the increasing number of big data sources and models developed by different groups, it is hard to relate models and data and use them in unanticipated ways for specific data analysis. Current solutions are typically ad-hoc, specialized for particular data, models and workflow systems. In this paper, we focus on data driven life science and propose an open service-based architecture, Life Science Workflow Services (LifeSWS), which provides data analysis work-flow services for life sciences. We illustrate our motivations and rationale for the architecture with real use cases from life science.
General Equilibrium Effects of ( Improving ) Public Employment Programs : Experimental Evidence from India ∗

Public employment programs play a major role in the anti-poverty strategy of many developing countries, but their impact on poverty reduction could be attenuated or amplified by changes they induce in private labor market wages and employment. We estimate these general equilibrium effects using a large-scale experiment that randomized the roll-out of a technological reform, which significantly improved the implementation of India’s public employment scheme. We find that this reform increased the earnings of low-income households by 12.7%, and reduced an income-based measure of poverty by 17.2% despite no increase in fiscal outlays on the program. These income gains were overwhelmingly driven by higher private-sector earnings (90%) as opposed to earnings increases directly from the program (10%). We find that improving implementation of the public employment scheme led to a 6.2% increase in private market wages for rural unskilled labor, a similar increase in reservation wages, and a 7.1% reduction in days without work. We find no evidence of changes in private employment, migration, or land use. Our results highlight the importance of accounting for general equilibrium effects in evaluating programs, and also illustrate the feasibility of using large-scale experiments to study such effects. JEL codes: D50, D73, H53, J38, J43, O18
Extending Spectral Factorization to Array Pattern Synthesis Including Sparseness, Mutual Coupling, and Mounting-Platform Effects

With reference to the mask-constrained power synthesis of shaped beams, we extend the spectral factorization method to both uniformly and nonuniformly spaced linear arrays wherein mutual coupling and mounting-platform effects are present. The overall design procedure does not rely on any restriction on the nature and the shape of the fields, and it is cast as a couple of convex optimizations plus a polynomial factorization. Moreover, it allows one to ascertain the actual feasibility of the radiating system before performing the synthesis, and it is able to identify very many different array-excitation solutions all corresponding to the desired power pattern. The given theory is supported by numerical experiments concerning the full-wave synthesis of realistic arrays affected by mutual coupling and mounting-platform effects.
Splitting Kronecker squares, 2-decomposition numbers, Catalan Combinatorics, and the Saxl conjecture

While there has been some progress on the decomposition of Kronecker products of characters of the symmetric groups in recent times, results on the symmetric and alternating part of Kronecker squares are still scarce. Here, new results (and conjectures) are presented on this splitting of the squares that contribute to a refined understanding of the Kronecker squares. Furthermore, connections to 2-modular decomposition numbers, Catalan combinatorics, and to the Saxl conjecture are discussed which further motivate the study of these splittings.
Setswana Parts of Speech Tagging: Indirect Relative

Setswana relatives have been shown to have a wide range of structures compared to other qualificatives. They can take negation, tense and can be recursively extended using other qualificatives, adverbs, noun phrases, and verb phrases. Studies have also shown that the structure of indirect relatives is more challenging as it is less regular compared to that of direct relatives. As a result, proposed Setswana Relatives taggers performed badly on indirect relatives. In this study, we propose the use of noun phrase and verb phrase constructs to represent the structure of indirect relatives at a high level. This approach shows that indirect relatives are also regular making them also amenable to the use of regular expressions for their identification in a sentence. This study investigates the extent to which noun phrases and verb phrases could be used to construct a regular structure for indirect relatives. We developed patterns for indirect relatives which we then implemented in Python NLTK regular expressions. The proposed tagger has a recall of 69% and precision of 62%. The tagger fails in some instances due to challenges in identifying its sub-components of noun phrases, verb phrases, and qualificatives.
CHAPTER trade , investment , and Climate Change in asia and the pacific 7

asia and the pacific is on the frontline of climate change, with the region subjected to more extreme weather events and many people working and living in low-lying coastal cities�103 Asia is experiencing the highest temperatures in the last 30 years, with average temperatures in 2021 reaching 0.86°C above the 1981– 2010 average, and 2020 the warmest year on record since 1900 (WMO 2022). Extreme precipitation events such as storms, floods, and landslides, which led to over 48 million people directly affected and 4,000 lives lost in 2021 in the region, are becoming more frequent (WMO 2022). Almost 40% of disasters worldwide have occurred in Asia, much higher than just over 20% each in Africa and the Americas (Figure 7.1). Southeast Asia, East Asia, and South Asia are the most affected subregions. The Pacific is increasingly affected by rising sea levels as many Pacific island countries are low-lying or just a few feet above sea level.
Enhancing divergent thinking in visual arts education: Effects of explicit instruction of meta-cognition.

BACKGROUND The main purposes of visual arts education concern the enhancement of students' creative processes and the originality of their art products. Divergent thinking is crucial for finding original ideas in the initial phase of a creative process that aims to result in an original product. AIMS This study aims to examine the effects of explicit instruction of meta-cognition on students' divergent thinking. SAMPLE AND METHOD A quasi-experimental design was implemented with 147 secondary school students in visual arts education. In the experimental condition, students attended a series of regular lessons with assignments on art reception and production, and they attended one intervention lesson with explicit instruction of meta-cognition. In the control condition, students attended a series of regular lessons only. Pre-test and post-test instances tests measured fluency, flexibility, and originality as indicators of divergent thinking. RESULTS Explicit instruction of meta-cognitive knowledge had a positive effect on fluency and flexibility, but not on originality. CONCLUSIONS This study implies that in the domain of visual arts, instructional support in building up meta-cognitive knowledge about divergent thinking may improve students' creative processes. This study also discusses possible reasons for the demonstrated lack of effect for originality.
Investigation on the Effect of Drained Strength when Designing Sheet Pile Walls

Long sheet pile walls are constructed in the cities as an integrated part of deep excavations for e.g. parking lots, pumping stations, reservoirs, and cut and cover tunnels. To minimise costs, the strength of the soil needs to be determined in the best possible way. The drained strength of clay expressed by c′ and φ ′ is often estimated as c10% = 10% ·cu, and found by estimations based on the soil describtion, respectively. However, due to possible slicken slides and tension cracks, c′ = 0 is used on the back side of the sheet pile wall. This reduces the strength significantly. A parametric study is made on the effective cohesion to investigate the influence of c′ when designing sheet pile walls. Aalborg Clay is used as a case material. The parametric study is made in both a commercial finite element program and by use of Brinch Hansen’s earth pressure theory. In both studies, the analyses are made based on soil pressures only. The finite element analyses show that the safety factors increase with increasing cohesion. The safety factor is defined as the ratio of the surface load applied on the back side to the surface load applied at failure. Brinch Hansen’s earth pressure theory indicates that the height, anchor force, and the maximum bending moment in the wall can be lowered significantly when the effective cohesion is increased above zero. However, as the cohesion increases, the drop in the moment levels off, which implies that the benefit obtained from investigations increasing the cohesion more than c10% is small.