Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Profiles of Adolescent Substance Abstainers, Users, and Abusers.

Psychoactive drugs are widely available in the United Statcas. Many, such as coffee, cigarettes, and alcohol, are used commonly ana acceptably by adults. For children and adolescents sorting through the complex messages about both licit and illicit drugs is difficult. Previous research examined differences between substance users and abusers With groupings based on adverse consequence variables, personality, and psychological health. This study examined adolescent substance use with abstainers, users, and abusers for both consequence and frequency of use groupings. Self-report behavioral data (N=426) indicated robust and comprehensive differences among the three groups for both consequence and frequency of use paradigms. Distinctions observed among the three groups by using the consequence grouping paradigm were paralleled by distinctions among the three groups using the frequency of use paradigm. The implication of this finding is that when one method is economically or otherwise unsuitable to identify clinically at-risk adolescents, the other approach can be used with equal utility. Through these related but distinct dimensions a more comprehensive appreciation of these group differences emerges. The results also provide useful information about variables over which clinicians have both an interest and influence. For both clirical research and practice it is important to be attentive to behavioral risk factors as they are differentially expressed by the profiles of the three groups. (ABL) *************************************t*************RW***W************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** Ntryne State Univenity College of Education Detroit. Michigan 48202 Division of Theoretical and Behavioral Foundations Educational and Clinical Psychology Laboratory for Research on Adolescence PROFILES OF ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABSTAINERS, USERS, AND ABUSERS CA STEPHEN B. HILLMAN SHLOMO S. SAWILOWSK Y C't Educational Evaluation & Educational & Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory For Research On Adolescence College of Education Wayne State University Paper presented at the 99th annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Division 12, Clinical Psychology, San Francisco, California, August, 1991
Implementing a Night-Shift Clinical Nurse Specialist

Night-shift nurses receive fewer educational opportunities and less administrative support than do day-shift staff, tend to be newer, with less experience and fewer resources, and experience greater turnover rates, stress, and procedural errors. In an attempt to bridge the gap between day- and night-shift nursing, a night-shift clinical nurse specialist (CNS) position was created in a midsized, community teaching hospital. The goal was to provide an advanced practice presence to improve patient outcomes, communication, education, and cost-effectiveness. The night-shift CNS participated in nursing education and skill certifications, communicated new procedures and information, and created a communication committee specifically for night-shift nurses. Through regular rounding and on-call notification, the CNS was available to every area of the hospital for consultation and clinical assistance and assisted with rapid responses, codes, and traumas. Providing education during night shift reduced overtime costs and increased morale, positively affecting turnover rates. The night-shift CNS position has improved morale and equalized support for night-shift nurses. More research, most notably in specific night-shift metrics, is necessary, and with the implementation of the role in additional facilities, more can be understood about improving patient care and nursing staff satisfaction during night shift.
A methodological approach relating the classification of gesture to identification of human intent in the context of human-robot interaction

In order to infer intent from gesture, a broad classification of types of gestures into five main classes is introduced. The classification is intended as a generally applicable basis for incorporating the understanding of gesture into human-robot interaction (HRI). Examples from human-robot interaction show the need to take into account not only the kinematics of gesture, but also the interactional context. Requirements for the operational classification of gesture by a robot interacting with humans are suggested and initial steps in its deployment are discussed.
Smart Programming Playgrounds

Modern IDEs contain sophisticated components for inferring missing types, correcting bad syntax and completing partial expressions in code, but they are limited to the context that is explicitly defined in a project's configuration. These tools are ill-suited for quick prototyping of incomplete code snippets, such as those found on the Web in Q&A forums or walk-through tutorials, since such code snippets often assume the availability of external dependencies and may even contain implicit references to an execution environment that provides data or compute services. We propose an architecture for smart programming playgrounds that can facilitate rapid prototyping of incomplete code snippets through a semi-automatic context resolution that involves identifying static dependencies, provisioning external resources on the cloud and injecting resource bindings to handles in the original code fragment. Such a system could be potentially useful in a range of different scenarios, from sharing code snippets on the Web to experimenting with new ideas during traditional software development.
Challenges and Directions for Monitoring P2P File Sharing Networks - or - Why My Printer Received a DMCA Takedown Notice

We reverse engineer copyright enforcement in the popular BitTorrent file sharing network and find that a common approach for identifying infringing users is not conclusive. We describe simple techniques for implicating arbitrary network endpoints in illegal content sharing and demonstrate the effectiveness of these techniques experimentally, attracting real DMCA complaints for nonsense devices, e.g., IP printers and a wireless access point. We then step back and evaluate the challenges and possible future directions for pervasive monitoring in P2P file sharing networks.
Vehicle Motion Planning with Time-Varying Constraints

Introduction With the growing emphasis on vehicle autonomy, the problem of planning a trajectory in an environment with obstacles has become increasingly important. This task has been of particular interest to roboticists and computer scientists, whose primary focus is on kinematic motion planning [1]. Typical kinematic planning methods fall into two main categories, roadmap methods and incremental search methods, both of which find collision-free paths in the state space. Roadmap methods generate and traverse a graph of collision-free connecting paths spanning the state space, while incremental search methods, including dynamic programming [2] and potential field methods [3], perform an iterative search to connect the initial and goal states. For the purely geometric path planning problem, deterministic algorithms have been created that are complete, i.e., they will find a solution if and only if one exists. Unfortunately, these suffer from high computational costs which are exponential in system degrees of freedom. This cost has motivated the development of iterative randomized path planning algorithms that are probabilistically complete, i.e., if a feasible path exists, the probability of finding a path from the initial to final conditions converges to one as the number of iterations goes to infinity. The introduction of the Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRTs) of LaValle and Kuffner [4] allowed both for computationally efficient exploration of a complicated space as well as incorporation of system dynamics. The RRT grows a tree of feasible trajectories from the initial condition, or root node. Each node, or waypoint, on the tree represents a system state and has possible trajectories branching from it. Through use of an embedded planning routine, the tree incrementally builds itself in random direcSenior Member of Technical Staff, currently at The Aerospace Corporation, 15049 Conference Center Drive, Suite 1029, Chantilly, VA 20151, Member AIAA Assistant Professor, Coordinated Sciences Laboratory, 1308 West Main Street, Urbana, IL 61801 Associate Professor, Department of Aerospace Engineering, 104 South Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801, Associate Fellow AIAA
FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETER METHOD USING SCATTERING X-RAYS IN X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS

A new fundamental parameter method which employs measured Comptonand Thomson scattered characteristic tube line intensities for the estimation of non-measuring matrix elements has been developed. The concept of substituting a compound matrix by a single element of average atomic number has been efficiently applied to the analysis of biological samples, polymers, liquids, and powders where the non-measuring elements were unknown. It was found that the divergence of the primary x-ray beam and the resulting range of scattering angles should be accounted for in the calculation of scattering intensities. A computational model using Monte Carlo simulations has been developed which considers the distribution of scattering angles for each geometrical location of the sample, and is used in the quantification routine for actual analysis. INTRODUCTION Standardless analysis using fundamental parameter methods is a key method for x-ray fluorescence analysis. However, if unknown non-measurable elements are present in samples such as polymers and biological materials and the elemental composition of the non-measuring elements is not known, accurate analysis was not easily possible. The proposed new method estimates the unknown matrix by measuring Comptonand Thomson scattered characteristic x-ray intensities from the x-ray tube and assumes an element of a corresponding average atomic number to represent an equivalent matrix effect for the analysis in that sample. The idea of average atomic numbers was reported by several authors. However, it was found in our studies that the divergence of the primary x-ray beam and the resulting range of scattering angles should be accounted for in the calculation of scattering intensities. A Monte Carlo simulation model has been developed to consider the distribution of scattering angles for each geometrical location within the detectable region of the sample and is used for the standardless quantification routine.
Long‐Term Efficacy of Subcutaneous Sweat Gland Suction Curettage for Axillary Hyperhidrosis: A Prospective Gravimetrically Controlled Study

BACKGROUND Subcutaneous sweat gland suction curettage (SSGSC) is gaining acceptance as a therapy for axillary hyperhidrosis. Despite its acceptance, there remains a lack of prospective data describing the efficacy and long-term outcome of SSGSC. OBJECTIVE We examined the sweat rates and patients' satisfaction of 12 months following SGSC in 28 patients with axillary hyperhidrosis. METHODS Axillary sweat rates were determined by semiquantitative gravimetry. A questionnaire was used to determine patients' satisfaction. RESULTS A 58% reduction in sweat rate under resting conditions and an 85% reduction during aerobic exercise in sweat rates was observed. A subdivision of patients into three groups based on their baseline preoperative sweat rates (<25, 25–50, and >50 mg/min) showed that patients with resting sweat rates over 25 mg/min benefited particularly from this procedure, whereas patients with less than 25 mg/min did not. CONCLUSION SSGSC produces a significant reduction in the preoperative sweat rates. A low complication rate and a high degree of patient satisfaction were observed. Long-term follow-up evaluations demonstrate a low number of relapses, making SSGSC a convenient and satisfactory method of treating axillary hyperhidrosis. It should be considered in patients refractory to conventional therapies with baseline sweat rates greater than 25 mg/min.
The influence of abutment screw tightening on screw joint configuration.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Limiting abutment-to-implant hexagonal discrepancies and rotational movement of the abutment around the implant to less than 5 degrees would result in a more stable screw joint. However, the exact relationship after abutment screw tightening is unknown, as is the effect of a counter-torque device in limiting abutment movement during screw tightening. PURPOSE This study examined the orientation of the abutment hexagon to the implant hexagon after tightening of the abutment screw for several abutment systems with and without the use of a counter-torque device. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty conical self-tapping implants (3.75 x 10.0 mm) and 10 wide-platform Brånemark System implants (5.0 x 10.0 mm), along with 10 abutment specimens from the CeraOne, Estheticone, Procera, and AuraAdapt systems, were selected for this investigation. The implants were placed in a holding device prior to tightening of the abutments. When the tightening torque recommended for each abutment system was reached with the use of a torque controller, each implant abutment specimen was removed from the holding device and embedded in a hard resin medium. The specimens were sectioned in a horizontal direction at the level of the hexagons and cleansed of debris prior to examination. The hexagon orientations were assessed as the degree and direction of rotation of the abutment hexagon around the implant hexagon. RESULTS The range of the maximum degrees of rotation for all 4 abutment groups tightened with or without the counter-torque device was slightly more than 3.53 degrees. The absolute degrees of rotation for all 4 abutment groups were less than 1.50 degrees with or without the use of the counter-torque device. CONCLUSION The hexagon-to-hexagon orientation measured as rotational fit on all abutment systems was below the 5 degrees suggested as optimal for screw joint stability. The absolute degrees of rotation for all 4 abutment groups were less than 1.50 degrees regardless of whether the counter-torque device was used.
Phonetic alignment: speech synthesis based vs. hybrid HMM/ANN

In this paper we compare two different methods for phonetically labeling a speech database. The first approach is based on the alignment of the speech signal on a high quality synthetic speech pattern, and the second one uses a hybrid HMM/ANN system. Both systems have been evaluated on French read utterances from a speaker never seen in the training stage of the HMM/ANN system and manually segmented. This study outlines the advantages and drawbacks of both methods. The high quality speech synthetic system has the great advantage that no training stage is needed, while the classical HMM/ANN system easily allows multiple phonetic transcriptions. We deduce a method for the automatic constitution of phonetically labeled speech databases based on using the synthetic speech segmentation tool to bootstrap the training process of our hybrid HMM/ANN system. The importance of such segmentation tools will be a key point for the development of improved speech synthesis and recognition systems.
Keeping Watch: Exploring Wearable Technology Designs for K-12 Teachers

Emerging wearable technologies (or wearables) are promising in different contexts, but continuing research is needed to explore their utility. One such context is K-12 classrooms where teachers engage in "classroom orchestration" to manage activities and information, monitor student activity, and track their own curricular plans. In order to explore how wearables might support teachers with classroom orchestration, we used the Apple Watch as a technology probe where we co-designed three use cases with teachers. These use cases involved sending teachers activity notifications about student activity, lesson reminders about teachers' pedagogical activity, and allowing moment capture, where teachers photographed classroom events for further study. The technology probe illustrates how the watch fits with teachers' practice, and details teachers' new ideas for supporting classroom orchestration. We also outline design implications and objectives for wearable design.
Rain Attenuation Prediction Model for Satellite Communications in Tropical Regions

This paper proposes a model for predicting rain attenuation in the tropical region. Slant path rain attenuation measurements were carried out in Singapore by analyzing the beacon signals from two satellites, namely WINDS and GE23, operating at frequencies of 18.9 and 12.75 GHz, respectively. Rainfall rates at the location of the beacon receivers were recorded. The cumulative distributions of the rainfall rate and the corresponding rain attenuation are presented and analyzed. It is found that the cumulative distribution of the measured rainfall rate is close to that predicted by the ITU-R model. Measurement data from a total of nine countries are compared with four existing rain attenuation prediction models, namely the Yamada, DAH, Karasawa, and Ramachandran models. Results show that although three of these models have relatively good prediction capability for the tropical region, they could be improved. Therefore, in this paper, a slant path rain attenuation model suitable for the tropical region is proposed. This is done by using the complementary cumulative distributions of rain attenuation for satellite links measured in Singapore and five other tropical countries. The proposed model is found to outperform exisitng models.
Novel Self-categorization Overrides Racial Bias: A Multi-level Approach to Intergroup Perception and Evaluation

People engage in a constant and reflexive process of categorizing others according to their race, gender, age or other salient social category. Decades of research have shown that social categorization often elicits stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination. Social perception is complicated by the fact that people have multiple social identities and self-categorization with these identities can shift from one situation to another, coloring perceptions and evaluations of the self and others. This dissertation provides evidence that self-categorization with a novel group can override ostensible stable and pervasive racial biases in memory and evaluation and examines the neural substrates that mediate these processes. Experiment 1 shows that self-categorization with a novel mixed-race group elicited liking for ingroup members, regardless of race. This preference for ingroup members was mediated by the orbitofrontal cortex – a region of the brain linked to subjective valuation. Participants in novel groups also had greater fusiform and amygdala activity to novel ingroup members, suggesting that these regions are sensitive to the current self-categorization rather than features associated with race. Experiment 2 shows that preferences for ingroup members are
Gem GTPase and Tau

A series of observations have indicated that tau, one of the major microtubule-associated proteins, is involved in neuronal cell morphogenesis and axonal maintenance. Tau is also the major component of paired helical filaments found in brains affected by Alzheimer's disease. To explore an as yet unidentified role of tau in vivo, ∼11,000 mRNAs were profiled from tau-deficient mouse brains and compared with those from control brains at the same ages. The expression of Gem GTPase, a small GTP-binding protein of the ras superfamily, was significantly increased in the brains of tau-deficient mice at 8 weeks of age. Because Gem GTPase is a negative regulator of the Rho-Rho kinase pathway for cytoskeletal organization, this protein was transiently overexpressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells that do not express tau. Overexpression of Gem GTPase induced a marked elongation of Chinese hamster ovary cells, and simultaneous expression of tau eliminated this effect, although tau did not bind directly to Gem GTPase. This anti-elongation activity of tau was attributed to its microtubule-binding domain, and homologous domains of microtubule-associated proteins 2 and 4 exhibited similar antagonistic activities. Taken together, the present results indicate that the level of Gem GTPase and its cell elongation activity are modulated by tau and suggest that tau may be involved in a Gem GTPase-mediated signal transduction pathway.
NeuroD1 Regulates Expression of Thyroid Hormone Receptor β2 and Cone Opsins in the Developing Mouse Retina

The correct patterning of opsin expression in cone photoreceptors is critical for normal color vision. Thyroid hormone, and one of its receptors [thyroid hormone receptor β2 (TRβ2)], is an important regulator of opsin expression during cone photoreceptor development. Mice have two genes, encoding medium-wavelength (M) and short-wavelength (S) cone opsins. Targeted deletion of TRβ2 leads to a uniform expression of S-opsin in all cone photoreceptors and a loss of M-opsin. The control of expression of TRβ2 is therefore central to cone differentiation, yet there is little known about its regulation in the retina. We now report that the proneural bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) transcription factor, NeuroD1, is necessary for sustained expression of TRβ2 in immature cone photoreceptors. Mice deficient in NeuroD1 develop an opsin phenotype virtually identical with that of TRβ2-deficient mice: all cones express S-opsin, and none expresses M-opsin. The introduction of NeuroD1 into embryonic retinal explants from NeuroD1−/− mice restores TRβ2 expression. NeuroD1 binds an E-box in the intron control region of the TRβ2 gene that mediates cone-specific expression, suggesting that NeuroD1 is a critical contributory factor to the expression of TRβ2 in cones. These results thus connect the proneural pathway with opsin selection to ensure correct cone patterning during retinal development.
O Poder Local entre Centro e Periferias

Dote d'une legitimite qu'il n'avait jamais connu, le pouvoir local issu de 1974 et consacre constitutionnellement, a ete concu pour jouer un role central dans les efforts de developpement et pour la vie democratique au Portugal. Bien qu'un cadre normatif avance lui ait ete accorde et qu'il ait inspire a ses acteurs un ensemble d'espoirs dont temoigne la production de ces 20 dernieres annees, une recherche ample et continue sur le pouvoir local n'a pas eu lieu pour qu'on puisse l'evaluer a la lumiere des caracteristiques qui marquent la societe portugaise dans sa generalite. Pour cette raison, ou bien on rencontre sur la realite municipale des analyses qui se limitent a gloser sur l'ideal vers lequel son fonctionnement devrait tendre, ou bien on a affaire a une rhetorique de ressentiment face aux manques qui frustrent les ambitions dont est porteur son cadre juridique. La persistance du centralisme, de la personnalisation du pouvoir ou de l'enfermement des elites sur elles-memes, entre autres facteurs, sont examines dans le present article qui pretend contribuer a l'insertion du pouvoir local dans le contexte plus elargi de la societe portugaise dans laquelle il fonctionne.