Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reuterin, Phenyllactic Acid, and Exopolysaccharides as Main Antifungal Molecules Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Scoping Review

The primary goal of this scoping review is to collect, analyze, and critically describe information regarding the role of the main compounds (reuterin, phenyllactic acid, and exopolysaccharides) produced by LAB that possess antifungal properties and provide some suggestions for further research. The use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to mitigate spoilage and extend the shelf life of foodstuffs has a long history. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the unique properties of these additions to the foodstuffs in which they are applied. In recent studies regarding biopreservation, significant attention has been given to the role of these microorganisms and their metabolites. This fascinating recent discipline aims not only to replace traditional preservation systems, but also to improve the overall quality of the final product. The biologically active by-products produced by lactic acid bacteria are synthesized under certain conditions (time, temperature, aerobiosis, acidity, water activity, etc.), which can be enacted through one of the oldest approaches to food processing: fermentation (commonly used in the dairy and bakery sectors). This study also delves into the biosynthetic pathways through which they are synthesized, with a particular emphasis on what is known about the mechanisms of action against molds in relation to the type of food.
Microwave Antenna-Assisted Machine Learning: A Paradigm Shift in Non-Invasive Brain Hemorrhage Detection

Brain hemorrhages have become increasingly common and can be fatal if left untreated. Current methods for monitoring the progression of the disorder that rely on MRI and PET scans are inconvenient and costly for patients. This has spurred research toward portable and cost-effective techniques for predicting the current stage and malignancy of the hemorrhages. In this study, simulated S-parameter data obtained from a two-antenna system placed over the head is used in conjunction with machine learning to detect the dielectric changes in the brain caused by hemorrhage non-invasively. Several machine learning classifiers are used to analyze the data, and their performance metrics are compared to determine the optimal classifier for this case. The study revealed that Decision Tree, KNN, and Random Forest classifiers are better than SVM and MLP classifiers in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall in predicting Brain hemorrhage at the most probable locations. Contrary to conventional microwave imaging systems requiring several antennas for brain hemorrhage detection, this study demonstrates that integrating machine learning with microwave sensors enables accurate solutions with a reduced antenna count. The results present a transformative strategy for monitoring systems in clinics, where a simple, safe, and low-cost microwave antenna-based system can be intelligently integrated with machine learning to diagnose the presence of Brain hemorrhage.
Emerging Roles of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways in the Regulation of Fruit Ripening and Postharvest Quality

Fleshy fruit ripening is a unique biological process that involves dramatic changes in a diverse array of cellular metabolisms. The regulation of these metabolisms is essentially mediated by cellular signal transduction of internal (e.g., hormones) and external cues (i.e., environmental stimuli). Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play crucial roles in a diverse array of biological processes, such as plant growth, development and biotic/abiotic responses. Accumulating evidence suggests that MAPK signaling pathways are also implicated in fruit ripening and quality formation. However, while MAPK signaling has been extensively reviewed in Arabidopsis and some crop plants, the comprehensive picture of how MAPK signaling regulates fruit ripening and quality formation remains unclear. In this review, we summarize and discuss research in this area. We first summarize recent studies on the expression patterns of related kinase members in relation to fruit development and ripening and then summarize and discuss the crucial evidence of the involvement of MAPK signaling in fruit ripening and quality formation. Finally, we propose several perspectives, highlighting the research matters and questions that should be afforded particular attention in future studies.
Organizational Structure as a Determinant of Performance : Evidence From Mutual Funds 1

This paper develops and tests a model of how organizational structure influences organizational performance. Organizational structure, conceptualized as the decision-making structure among a group of individuals, is shown to affect the number of initiatives pursued by organizations, and the omission and commission errors (Type I and II errors, respectively) made by organizations. The empirical setting are over 150,000 stock-picking decisions made by 609 mutual funds. Mutual funds offer an ideal and rare setting to test the theory, as detailed records exist on the projects they face, the decisions they make, and the outcomes of these decisions. The independent variable of the study, organizational structure, is coded from fund management descriptions made by Morningstar, and the estimates of the omission and commission errors are computed by a novel technique that uses bootstrapping to create measures which are comparable across funds. The findings suggest that organizational structure has relevant and predictable effects on a wide range of organizations. Applications include designing organizations that compensate for individual’s biases, and that achieve a given mix of exploration and exploitation.
Plume Current Change by Seawall Construction for a Harbor Development in South Korea

ABSTRACT Kim, M. -J.; Kim, C. -S. ; Choi, B. -J., and Lee, S. -H. , 2018. Plume Current Change by Seawall Construction for a Harbor Development in South Korea. In: Shim, J.-S. ; Chun, I. , and Lim, H.S. (eds.), Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2018 (Busan, Republic of Korea). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 85, pp. 126–130. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The present study investigates the effects of a seawall construction on the nearfield plume dispersal and surface circulation in the west coast of Korea where the Saemangeum tide dike (33 km long) had been constructed from 1993 to 2006 to reclaim the wide tidal flat in the riverine estuary. The plume water has since flowed out by the gate operation from the two sluices (11 km apart) in the southern dike to the offshore, which altered source location of the plume in the coastal sea. Recently a 3.5 km long seawall was constructed at 4 km offshore from the northern sluice. The changes of the plume current and surface circulation near the newly constructed seawall were examined using data set of High Frequency Radar-derived current (HFR-current), wind and sluice-outflow velocity in summer 2010 (before the seawall construction) and summer 2014 (under the seawall construction). It was found that construction of seawall evidently changed tidal plume dispersal pattern and nearfield distribution of monthly-mean plume current. Complex correlation and Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analyses on the subinertial surface current, wind, and sluice-outflow velocity in summer 2010 and summer 2014 revealed that wind and outflow velocity are dominant factors controlling variations of the plume extension and coastal current.
Forming the Character of a Physically Healthy Young Generation Through Military Education

This activity aims to develop the character of the young generation with good physical health through military education at Dodik Belanegara Rindam III Siliwangi, West Bandung. The methods applied include the preparation and implementation of the program, involving the entire academic community. The evaluation results show that the activity went smoothly, and the participants successfully achieved the set goals, showing improvements in physical health and character strengthening through discipline and teamwork. The discussion covers the program's success, involvement of all parties, and benefits felt by the participants. Limitations in logistics and the need for more in-depth evaluation are identified as areas for improvement. Meanwhile, suggestions for further development include the application of comprehensive evaluation methods, increased inter-institutional collaboration, and the development of a more contextual curriculum. Key findings from this study include the program's success in shaping the character and health of the younger generation, highlighting the importance of military education as a means of holistic character formation at the higher education level. These findings provide a basis for the development of similar programs in the future, with a focus on the necessary improvements to enhance their positive impact.
Mobile Smart Contracts: Exploring Scalability Challenges and Consensus Mechanisms

Mobile smart contracts (MSCs) are essential to facilitate quick, safe, and decentralized transactions on mobile blockchain networks. Scalable blockchain solutions facilitate the establishment of a mobile blockchain ecosystem characterized by enhanced resilience and adaptability. This encourages an increase in the number of users and, thus, spreads the adoption of blockchain technology in the mobile domain. With the inception of blockchain technology, a wide range of applications use smart contracts due to their high customizability. However, problems with scalability and resource-intensive consensus procedures prevent their general use. Therefore, this work seeks to identify and analyze these constraints by conducting a systematic survey using Kitchenham’s guidelines for available scalable blockchains and consensus methods. Out of a preliminary pool of 2,073 publications, our study, which consists of 25 selected studies, identifies 12 consensus mechanisms and 13 scalable blockchain systems. Our investigation shows that, despite the wide range of techniques, no blockchain solution provides the scalability and lightweight operating requirements to implement smart contracts on mobile devices. This realization draws attention to a significant gap in academic and industry-driven blockchain research that may have implications for creating MSCs. Our findings encourage academics to explore scalable and energy-efficient blockchain technology, targeting creating more approachable smart contracts designed with mobile devices in mind.
Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Compounds Isolated from Plants of Euphorbia Genus

Euphorbia is a large genus of the Euphorbiaceae family. Around 250 species of the Euphorbia genus have been studied chemically and pharmacologically; different compounds have been isolated from these species, especially diterpenes and triterpenes. Several reports show that several species have anti-inflammatory activity, which can be attributed to the presence of diterpenes, such as abietanes, ingenanes, and lathyranes. In addition, it was found that some diterpenes isolated from different Euphorbia species have anti-cancer activity. In this review, we included compounds isolated from species of the Euphorbia genus with anti-inflammatory or cytotoxic effects published from 2018 to September 2023. The databases used for this review were Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Springer, and Google Scholar, using the keywords Euphorbia with anti-inflammatory or cytotoxic activity. In this review, 68 studies were collected and analyzed regarding the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of 264 compounds obtained from 36 species of the Euphorbia genus. The compounds included in this review are terpenes (95%), of which 68% are diterpenes, especially of the types ingenanes, abietanes, and triterpenes (approximately 15%).
Potential use of low-copy nuclear gene Xdh at lower taxonomic levels based on phylogenetic analysis of the nominal section of Dendrobium

Dendrobium is a large group of Orchidaceae, counting more than 1,100 species, whose classification, both within the genus and individual sections, is not straightforward. Therefore, the aim of our study was to perform phylogenetic analyses for representatives of a nominal section of Dendrobium and to test the usefulness of a low-copy nuclear gene encoding a xanthine dehydrogenase protein for reconstructing phylogeny. We also wish to compare the utility of two nuclear markers, Xdh and ITS. To realize this, we analyzed the diversity of the two markers and the reliability of the resulting trees. Our results indicate that the nuclear ITS region shows higher variability and clade credibility in trees, in closely related species, and between sections than the low-copy nuclear gene. Xdh may be more reliable at higher taxonomic levels, but confirmation of this requires further research.
STUDY OF WATER FLOW AND RETENTION IN CLAY-SAND LINERS

This research paper presents a simulation study to predict the percolation of water through soil liners using numerical modeling with HYDRUS-2D. The soil liners included compacted clay/sand mixtures of 0 to 25% clay at 5 to 30 cm thickness. The cumulative water flux or hydraulic barrier at drain layer at the end of simulation period reached a ratio of 0.81, 0.54, 0.29 and 0.09 of water flux at a top profile with no soil liner. The soil liners of 25 and 30 cm thickness with 20% and 15% clay had lesser percolation or water flux at drain layer by about 0.21 and 0.44 compared to water flux at top layer with no soil liner. Using a modeling approach efficient liner systems can be designed for use in water harvesting projects or landfill covers. The modeling and simulation are dependent on the hydraulic conductivity of the compacted soil liner, soil water characteristics curves as well as irrigation and rainfall rates.
The influence of professional mission on the professional quality of college teachers: The intermediary role of job burnout and the regulating role of social support

Purpose: This study seeks to explore the influence of a professional mission on university teachers specifically examining the mediating role of job burnout and the moderating impact of social support. Design/Methodology/Approach: Data from university teachers were collected for this study using a questionnaire survey method and the results were carefully analysed using the relevant statistical techniques. Findings: The study finds a positive relationship between a strong professional mission and high professional quality in university teachers. Job burnout and social support serve as intermediaries and regulators. Increased burnout weakens the mission's influence while reduced burnout correlates with enhanced professional quality. A strong social network enhances a professional mission's beneficial effects. Conclusion: This study explores the relationship between a professional mission and university professors highlighting the mediating effects of social support and job burnout. The findings offer valuable insights for improving educational quality and supporting teachers' personal growth. This research significantly contributes to understanding key factors in the career development of college teachers, providing enlightening perspectives for educators and policymakers. Limitations/Significance: This study ignores personal variables in favour of examining only the effects of professional missions on university teachers' professional development. Observations and interviews are two unique methodologies that are necessary for a thorough understanding relying solely on surveys may introduce subjectivity. Practical Significance: Findings guide institutions and policymakers to boost education quality by supporting teachers' professional development through training and social support and addressing burnout. Contributions to the Literature: The study fills gaps by confirming the beneficial influence of professional missions on the careers of teachers and guiding the improvement of education.
Collective Allocator Abstraction to Control Object Spatial Locality in C++

Disaggregated memory is promising for improving memory utilization in computer clusters in which memory demands significantly vary across computer nodes under utilization. It allows applications with high memory demands to use memory in other computer nodes. However, disaggregated memory is not easy to use for implementing data structures in C++ because the C++ standard does not provide an adequate abstraction to use it efficiently in a high-level, modular manner. Because accessing remote memory involves high latency, disaggregated memory is often used as a far-memory system, which forms a kind of swap memory where part of local memory is used as a cache area, while the remaining memory is not subject to swapping. To pursue performance, programmers have to be aware of this nonuniform memory view and place data appropriately to minimize swapping. In this work, we model the address space of memory-disaggregated systems as the far-memory model, present the collective allocator abstraction, which enables us to specify object placement aware of memory address subspaces, and apply it to programming aware of the far-memory model. The far-memory model provides a view of the nonuniform memory space while hiding the details. In the model, the virtual address space is divided into two subspaces; one is subject to swapping and the other is not. The swapping subspace is further divided into even-sized pages, which are units of swapping. The collective allocator abstraction forms an allocator as a collection of sub-allocators, each of which owns a distinct subspace, where every allocation is done via sub-allocators. It enables us to control object placement at allocation time by selecting an appropriate sub-allocator according to different criteria, such as subspace characteristics and object collocation. It greatly facilitates implementing container data structures aware of the far-memory model. We develop an allocator based on the collective allocator abstraction by extending the C++ standard allocator for container data structures on the far-memory model and experimentally demonstrate that it facilitates implementing containers equipped with object placement strategies aware of spatial locality under the far-memory model in a high-level, modular manner. More specifically, we have successfully implemented B-trees and skip lists with the combined use of two placement strategies. The modifications therein for the original implementations are fairly modest: addition is mostly due to specifying object placement; deletion and modification are at most 1.2 % and 3.2 % of lines of the original code, respectively. We have experimentally confirmed that the modified implementations successfully have data layouts suppressing swapping. We forecast that the collective allocator abstraction would be a key to high-level integration with different memory hardware technologies because it straightforwardly accommodates new interfaces for subspaces.
Quadriceps muscle reaction time in obese children

This study aimed to determine the influence of obesity, according to body mass index (BMI) and fat mass percentage, on quadriceps muscle reaction times. The study utilized a cross-sectional design. The sample size consisted of 42 schoolchildren (54.5% girls) aged 11 to 12 years old. Participant measurements included weight and height, which were used to categorize individuals based on BMI. Additionally, the electrical bioimpedance technique was employed to categorize participants based on their body fat percentage. A sudden destabilization test of the lower limb was performed to assess the reaction time of the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, and vastus lateralis muscles. The results show that overweight/obese children have a longer muscle reaction time for both the rectus femoris (β = 18.13; p = 0.048) and the vastus lateralis (β = 14.51; p = 0.042). Likewise, when the children were classified by percentage of body fat the results showed that overfat/obese children have a longer muscle reaction time for both the rectus femoris (β = 18.13; p = 0.048) and the vastus lateralis (β = 14.51; p = 0.042). Our results indicate that BMI and fat mass classification negativity alter the muscle reaction time in children. Overweight/obese or overfat/obese children showed longer reaction times in the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles compared to children with normal weight. Based on these findings, it is suggested that in overweight and obese children, efforts not only focus on reducing body weight but that be complemented with training and/or rehabilitation programs that focus on preserving the normal physiological function of the musculoskeletal system.
Two-stage problems of optimal location and distribution of the humanitarian logistics system’s structural subdivisions

Purpose. To ensure the rational organization of the evacuation of people from a region affected by an emergency by developing a mathematical and algorithmic toolkit that will allow for the early distribution of transport and material resources, maximizing coverage of the affected areas while minimizing evacuation time. Methodology. System analysis of evacuation processes; mathematical modeling, the theory of continuous problems of optimal partitioning of sets, non-differentiable optimization. Findings. The object of the study is the two-stage evacuation logistic processes that occur when serving the population of areas affected by emergencies of a natural or technogenic nature. The research considers the possibility of optimally distributing human flows within the transportation system, the structural subdivisions of which are first-stage centers (first aid stations that carry out the reception of citizens from areas affected by the disaster) and second-stage centers (specialized units of the emergency aid system that provide further services to the evacuated population). The proposed mathematical model deals with the problem of optimally partitioning a continuous set with the placement of subset centers and additional connections. Methods for its solution have been described. We demonstrate the versatility of these models, as they can be used to describe logistic evacuation processes, organize assembly points, intermediate locations, evacuation reception points, and those providing primary assistance to the affected population. We calculate the appropriate number of essential products and deliver them from existing warehouses through distribution centers to the affected areas. Originality. As preventive measures to increase the level of population safety during an emergency, we consider the optimal placement of rescue facilities and the zoning of the territory to distribute evacuation traffic. We also address the problem of the optimal distribution of human flows in the transport and logistics system. Practical value. The presented models, methods, and algorithms enable the solution of many practical problems related to the development of preventive measures and the planning of rescue operations to ensure the population’s safety in case of emergencies. The theoretical results obtained are translated into specific recommendations that can be utilized when addressing logistical problems related to the organization of primary evacuation of the population from affected areas and their subsequent transportation to safer locations for further assistance.