Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Description of quasiparticle and satellite properties via cumulant expansions of the retarded one-particle Green's function

A cumulant-based GW approximation for the retarded one-particle Green's function is proposed, motivated by an exact relation between the improper Dyson self-energy and the cumulant generating function. We explore qualitative aspects of this method within a simple one-electron independent phonon model, where it is seen that the method preserves the energy moment of the spectral weight while also reproducing the exact Green's function in the weak-coupling limit. For the three-dimensional electron gas, this method predicts multiple satellites at the bottom of the band, albeit with inaccurate peak spacing. But, its quasiparticle properties and correlation energies are more accurate than both previous cumulant methods and standard G0W0. These results point to features that may be exploited within the framework of cumulant-based methods and suggest promising directions for future exploration and improvements of cumulant-based GW approaches.
The effect of multiple heat sources on exomoon habitable zones

With dozens of Jovian and super-Jovian exoplanets known to orbit their host stars in or near the stellar habitable zones, it has recently been suggested that moons the size of Mars could offer abundant surface habitats beyond the solar system. Several searches for such exomoons are now underway, and the exquisite astronomical data quality of upcoming space missions and ground-based extremely large telescopes could make the detection and characterization of exomoons possible in the near future. Here we explore the effects of tidal heating on the potential of Mars- to Earth-sized satellites to host liquid surface water, and we compare the tidal heating rates predicted by tidal equilibrium model and a viscoelastic model. In addition to tidal heating, we consider stellar radiation, planetary illumination and thermal heat from the planet. However, the effects of a possible moon atmosphere are neglected. We map the circumplanetary habitable zone for different stellar distances in specific star-planet-satellite configurations, and determine those regions where tidal heating dominates over stellar radiation. We find that the “thermostat effect” of the viscoelastic model is significant not just at large distances from the star, but also in the stellar habitable zone, where stellar radiation is prevalent. We also find that tidal heating of Mars-sized moons with eccentricities between 0.001 and 0.01 is the dominant energy source beyond 3–5 AU from a Sun-like star and beyond 0.4–0.6 AU from an M3 dwarf star. The latter would be easier to detect (if they exist), but their orbital stability might be under jeopardy due to the gravitational perturbations from the star.
One loop effects of natural SUSY in third generation fermion production at the ILC

Within the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, we investigate the 1-loop effects of supersymmetric particles on the third-generation fermion-pair production at the ILC. Three sets of the SUSY parameters are proposed which are consistent with the observed Higgs mass, the muon g-2, the Dark Matter abundance and the decay branching ratio of B meson. We discuss on the possibility of discovering the signals consistent with SUSY as well as of experimentally distinguishing the proposed sets of SUSY parameters.
Scientometric review of global squaraine dye research

Squaraines are organic dyes with a wide range of applications ranging from solar cells to medical imaging. The main objective of this study is to analyse the pattern of squaraine dyes research scientometrically. The study, based on the data collected from citation databases, Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus, reveals that the research on squaraine dyes shows a positive growth rate. The highest number of publications are from the United States of America, followed by China. Three Asian countries, China, Japan, and India, accounted for about half of all global research output. The most productive institute is CSIR-NIIST-India in terms of the number of papers published and citations received per paper (CPP) among the top fifteen institutes. In addition to solar cell-related applications of squaraine dyes, bioimaging, drug delivery, and photodynamic therapy are also receiving sufficient attention from researchers. Since the number of studies and researchers involved in this field has been found to be less, efforts should be undertaken to strengthen the research on squaraine dyes to explore the wide range of its applications
SIMULATING THE COMMON ENVELOPE PHASE OF A RED GIANT USING SMOOTHED-PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS AND UNIFORM-GRID CODES

We use three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations to study the rapid infall phase of the common envelope (CE) interaction of a red giant branch star of mass equal to 0.88 M☉ and a companion star of mass ranging from 0.9 down to 0.1 M☉. We first compare the results obtained using two different numerical techniques with different resolutions, and find very good agreement overall. We then compare the outcomes of those simulations with observed systems thought to have gone through a CE. The simulations fail to reproduce those systems in the sense that most of the envelope of the donor remains bound at the end of the simulations and the final orbital separations between the donor's remnant and the companion, ranging from 26.8 down to 5.9 R☉, are larger than the ones observed. We suggest that this discrepancy vouches for recombination playing an essential role in the ejection of the envelope and/or significant shrinkage of the orbit happening in the subsequent phase.
Dynamics and thermalization in correlated one-dimensional lattice systems

We review exact approaches and recent results related to the relaxation dynamics and description after relaxation of various one-dimensional lattice systems of hard-core bosons after a sudden quench. We first analyze the integrable case, where the combination of analytical insights and computational techniques enable one to study large system sizes. Thermalization does not occur in this regime. However, after relaxation, observables can be described by a generalization of the Gibbs ensemble. We then utilize full exact diagonalization to study what happens as integrability is broken. We show that thermalization does occur in finite nonintegrable systems provided they are sufficiently far away from the integrable point. We argue that the onset of thermalization can be understood in terms of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
Constraints on the box-shaped cosmic ray electron feature from dark matter annihilation with the AMS-02 and DAMPE data

Precise measurements of spectra of cosmic ray electrons and positrons can effectively probe the nature of dark matter (DM) particles. In a class of models where DM particles initially annihilate into a pair of intermediate particles which then decay into standard model particles, box-shaped spectra can be generated. Such spectra are distinct from astrophysical backgrounds and can probably be regarded as characteristic features of the DM annihilation. In this work, we search for such a feature in the total electron plus positron spectrum measured by AMS-02 and DAMPE. No significant evidence for such a DM annihilation component has been found. The 95% confidence level upper limits of the velocity-weighted annihilation cross section are derived, which range from similar to 10(-26) cm(3) s(-1) for DM mass of 50 GeV to similar to 10(-23) cm(3) s(-1) for DM mass of 10 TeV.
THE COOL INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM IN ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES. II. GAS CONTENT IN THE VOLUME-LIMITED SAMPLE AND RESULTS FROM THE COMBINED ELLIPTICAL AND LENTICULAR SURVEYS

We report new observations of atomic and molecular gas in a volume-limited sample of elliptical galaxies. Combining the elliptical sample with an earlier and similar lenticular one, we show that cool gas detection rates are very similar among low-luminosity E and S0 galaxies but are much higher among luminous S0s. Using the combined sample we revisit the correlation between cool gas mass and blue luminosity which emerged from our lenticular survey, finding strong support for previous claims that the molecular gas in ellipticals and lenticulars has different origins. Unexpectedly, however, and contrary to earlier claims, the same is not true for atomic gas. We speculate that both the active galactic nucleus feedback and merger paradigms might offer explanations for differences in detection rates, and might also point toward an understanding of why the two gas phases could follow different evolutionary paths in Es and S0s. Finally, we present a new and puzzling discovery concerning the global mix of atomic and molecular gas in early-type galaxies. Atomic gas comprises a greater fraction of the cool interstellar medium in more gas-rich galaxies, a trend which can be plausibly explained. The puzzle is that galaxies tend to cluster around molecular-to-atomic gas mass ratios near either 0.05 or 0.5.
Semi-empirical seismic relations of A-F stars from COROT and Kepler legacy data

Asteroseismology is witnessing a revolution thanks to high-precise asteroseismic space data (MOST, CoRoT, Kepler, BRITE), and their large ground-based follow-up programs. Those instruments have provided an unprecedented large amount of information, which allows us to scrutinize its statistical properties in the quest for hidden relations among pulsational and/or physical observables. This approach might be particularly useful for stars whose pulsation content is difficult to interpret. This is the case of intermediate-mass classical pulsating stars (i.e. gamma Dor, delta Scuti, hybrids) for which current theories do not properly predict the observed oscillation spectra. Here we establish a first step in finding such hidden relations from Data Mining techniques for these stars. We searched for those hidden relations in a sample of delta Scuti and hybrid stars observed by CoRoT and Kepler (74 and 153, respectively). No significant correlations between pairs of observables were found. However, two statistically significant correlations emerged from multivariable correlations in the observed seismic data, which describe the total number of observed frequencies and the largest one, respectively. Moreover, three different sets of stars were found to cluster according to their frequency density distribution. Such sets are in apparent agreement with the asteroseismic properties commonly accepted for A-F pulsating stars.
E pur si muove: Galilean-invariant cosmological hydrodynamical simulations on a moving mesh

Hydrodynamic cosmological simulations at present usually employ either the Lagrangian smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) technique or Eulerian hydrodynamics on a Cartesian mesh with (optional) adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). Both of these methods have disadvantages that negatively impact their accuracy in certain situations, for example the suppression of fluid instabilities in the case of SPH, and the lack of Galilean invariance and the presence of overmixing in the case of AMR. We here propose a novel scheme which largely eliminates these weaknesses. It is based on a moving unstructured mesh defined by the Voronoi tessellation of a set of discrete points. The mesh is used to solve the hyperbolic conservation laws of ideal hydrodynamics with a finite-volume approach, based on a second-order unsplit Godunov scheme with an exact Riemann solver. The mesh-generating points can in principle be moved arbitrarily. If they are chosen to be stationary, the scheme is equivalent to an ordinary Eulerian method with second-order accuracy. If they instead move with the velocity of the local flow, one obtains a Lagrangian formulation of continuum hydrodynamics that does not suffer from the mesh distortion limitations inherent in other mesh-based Lagrangian schemes. In this mode, our new method is fully Galilean invariant, unlike ordinary Eulerian codes, a property that is of significant importance for cosmological simulations where highly supersonic bulk flows are common. In addition, the new scheme can adjust its spatial resolution automatically and continuously, and hence inherits the principal advantage of SPH for simulations of cosmological structure growth. The high accuracy of Eulerian methods in the treatment of shocks is also retained, while the treatment of contact discontinuities improves. We discuss how this approach is implemented in our new code arepo, both in 2D and in 3D, and is parallelized for distributed memory computers. We also discuss techniques for adaptive refinement or de-refinement of the unstructured mesh. We introduce an individual time-step approach for finite-volume hydrodynamics, and present a high-accuracy treatment of self-gravity for the gas that allows the new method to be seamlessly combined with a high-resolution treatment of collisionless dark matter. We use a suite of test problems to examine the performance of the new code and argue that the hydrodynamic moving-mesh scheme proposed here provides an attractive and competitive alternative to current SPH and Eulerian techniques.
Defect detection of solar cells based on Haar feature and kernel fuzzy c-means clustering

The detection of micro cracks on the surface of solar cells is very important to improve the durability of photovoltaic modules. In this paper, Haar feature extraction and kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms are proposed to detect the defects of solar cells. Haar extended template is used to extract the edge features as training samples, combined with kernel fuzzy c-means clustering (KFCM) algorithm and improved Xie Beni index to detect the surface defects of solar cells. The recognition rate of no defects is 98%, and the recognition rate of vertical finger defects is 97%, The recognition rate of microcrack is 93%, and that of fracture is 92%.
Feature extraction and analysis of switch machine curves based on one-dimensional residual convolutional auto-encoder

Railway switch machine circuit action Curve feature is essential for railway turnout control system fault diagnosis research. In recent research, manual extraction of curve features or supervised learning based on data sets with fault labels to construct diagnostic models has been most adopted, which requires enormous energy and time. Therefore, a method based on one-dimensional residual convolutional Auto-encoder is proposed for curve features extraction in this paper, which can decrease the workload of manual annotation of data sets and lower the influence of the minor duration difference of the switch curves data on code over-fitting through the flexibility of unsupervised learning auto-encoder and convolutional neural network. According to the experiments, the proposed model can effectively extract key switch machine curve features and can featuring strong adaptability.
Landscape Spatial Analysis for Sustainable Land Use Planning: A Two-Scale Approach to the Seville Metropolitan Area

Metropolitan areas are complex, dynamic spatial systems. This paper sets out a spatial analysis methodology suitable to address the internal complexity of metropolitan landscape change and which results could be useful for decision making in the context of sustainable land use planning. A two-scale approach is adopted for the analysis of recent land use changes in the metropolitan area of Seville (Spain), being the methodology applied to both the whole metropolitan area and two different landscape units. Distinct landscape change patterns and urban growth models are identified for the units studied. On the basis of the results, the convenience of a multiscale planning approach is highlighted.
Sflavor mixing map viewed from a high scale in supersymmetric SU(5)

We study flavor violation in a supersymmetric SU(5) grand unification scenario in a model-independent way employing mass insertions. We examine how the quark and the lepton sector observables restrict sfermion mixings. With a low soft scalar mass, a lepton flavor violating process provides a stringent constraint on the flavor structure of right-handed down-type squarks. In particular, ? e? turns out to be highly susceptible to the 1-3 and 2-3 mixings thereof, due to the radiative correction from the top Yukawa coupling to the scalar mass terms of 10. With a higher scalar mass around the optimal value, in contrast, the quark sector inputs such as B-meson mixings and hadron electric dipole moment, essentially determine the room for sfermion mixing. We also discuss the recent deviation observed in Bs mixing phase, projected sensitivity of forthcoming experiments, and ways to maintain the power of leptonic restrictions even after incorporating a solution to fix the incorrect quark-lepton mass relations.
Disk failure prediction via Lightgbm model

Disk failure prediction has become a major concern with the rapid expansion of data centers and the demand for reliable storage systems. Based on extremely unbalanced positive and negative samples in the disk data set, this paper proposes a fast and accurate disk failure prediction model. Target disks are selected from the actual disk data set, and the correlation matrix is used to filter the features with high correlation coefficients, which makes the model easy to fit. Aiming at the imbalance of positive and negative samples, an under-sampling strategy is implemented through Mini Batch K-Means clustering, and the Focal Loss function is introduced into the LightGBM model to reduce the impact of the imbalance data. Compared with several traditional machine learning models, the effectiveness of the proposed prediction model is verified on the public real data set.
Unattended monitoring system based on edge computing

With the geometric increase in the number of surveillance cameras and the sharp increase in video data, the traditional monitoring method that only relies on manual real-time viewing of surveillance information needs to be changed. The unattended system is an intelligent monitoring system that does not require a lot of manual intervention. It can automatically detect specific targets in the video and alert the staff through early warning. This paper designs a set of the simplified neural network combined with an unattended platform on the edge computing end. Through the optimization, compression, and conversion of the neural network model, the NPU is used to accelerate the realization of fast and accurate target detection, early warning and data return at the mobile edge.
Open system dynamics with non-Markovian quantum jumps

We discuss in detail how non-Markovian open system dynamics can be described in terms of quantum jumps [J. Piilo et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 180402 (2008)]. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to have a jump description contained in the physical Hilbert space of the reduced system. The developed non-Markovian quantum jump approach is a generalization of the Markovian Monte Carlo wave function (MCWF) method into the non-Markovian regime. The method conserves both the probabilities in the density matrix and the norms of the state vectors exactly and sheds new light on non-Markovian dynamics. The dynamics of the pure state ensemble illustrates how local-in-time master equation can describe memory effects and how the current state of the system carries information on its earlier state. Our approach solves the problem of negative jump probabilities of the Markovian MCWF method in the non-Markovian regime by defining the corresponding jump process with positive probability. The results demonstrate that in the theoretical description of non-Markovian open systems, there occurs quantum jumps which recreate seemingly lost superpositions due to the memory.
Electrical modulation of superconducting critical temperature in liquid-gated thin niobium films

We demonstrate that the superconducting critical temperature (Tc) of thin niobium films can be electrically modulated in a liquid-gated geometry device. Tc can be suppressed and enhanced by applying positive and negative gate voltage, respectively, in a reversible manner within a range of about 0.1 K. At a fixed temperature below Tc, we observed that the superconducting critical current can be modulated by gate voltage. This result suggests a possibility of an electrically controlled switching device operating at or above liquid helium temperature, where superconductivity can be turned on or off solely by the applied gate voltage.
New Probe of Gravity: Strongly Lensed Gravitational-wave Multimessenger Approach

Strong gravitational lensing by galaxies provides us with a unique opportunity to understand the nature of gravity on galactic and extra-galactic scales. In this paper, we propose a new multimessenger approach using data from both the gravitational wave (GW) and the corresponding electromagnetic (EM) counterpart to infer the constraint of the modified gravity (MG) theory denoted by the scale dependent phenomenological parameter. To demonstrate the robustness of this approach, we calculate the time-delay predictions by choosing various values of the phenomenological parameters and then compare them with that from general relativity (GR). For the third generation ground-based GW observatory, with one typical strongly lensed GW+EM event, and assuming that the dominated error from the stellar velocity dispersions is 5%, the GW time-delay data can distinguish an 18% MG effect on a scale of tens of kiloparsecs with a 68% confidence level. Assuming GR and a Singular Isothermal Sphere mass model, there exists a simplified consistency relationship between time-delay and imaging data. This relationship does not require the velocity dispersion measurement, and hence can avoid major uncertainties. By using this relationship, the multimessenger approach is able to distinguish an 8% MG effect. Our results show that the GW multimessenger approach can play an important role in revealing the nature of gravity on galactic and extra-galactic scales.
Is the misalignment of the Local Group velocity and the 2MASS Redshift Survey dipole typical in a LambdaCDM model

We predict the acceleration of the Local Group generated by the 2MASS Redshift Survey within the framework of {lambda} cold dark matter and the halo model of galaxies. We show that as the galaxy fluctuations derived from the halo model have more power on small scales compared with the mass fluctuations, the misalignment angle between the CMB velocity vector and the 2MASS Redshift Survey dipole is in reasonable agreement with the observed 21 deg. This statistical analysis suggests that it is not necessary to invoke a hypothetical nearby galaxy or a distant cluster to explain this misalignment.