Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patients' experience with a diabetes support programme based on an interactive electronic medical record: qualitative study

Abstract Objective To describe the experiences of patients with type 2 diabetes in a web based disease management programme based on an interactive electronic medical record. Design Qualitative analysis of semistructured interviews with patients enrolled in a diabetes care module that included access to their electronic medical record, secure email, ability to upload blood glucose readings, an education site with endorsed content, and an interactive online diary for entering exercise, diet, and medication. Setting Patients' homes in Washington state, United States. Participants Nine participants aged 45-65 completed interviews before and after they used the programme. Results Six themes emerged: feeling that non-acute concerns are uniquely valued; enhanced sense of security about health and health care; frustration with unmet expectations; feeling more able to manage; valuing feedback; and difficulty fitting the programme into activities of daily life. Three themes—valuing non-acute concerns, feeling secure, and unmet expectations—have particular relevance to the design and use of web based tools for care of patients with diabetes and chronic medical conditions. Conclusion Participants' experiences support further study of open access to the electronic medical record and online communication between patients and their care providers. The development of web based disease management programmes should take into account the specific needs and expectations of patients, and patients and providers should have candid discussions about what web based care can and cannot provide.
Patient perspectives on health advice posted on Internet discussion boards: a qualitative study

Background Use of the Internet for health information by patients is growing, and there have been diverse responses to this both within the research community and the medical and health‐related professions. The use of Internet discussion boards are one way that people living with long‐term conditions can interact with their peers and offer and seek advice, support and information. We report patient perspectives on using a discussion board within a wider pilot study of an Internet‐based self‐management system for diabetes.
Leadership techniques for nurturing worker garden variety creativity

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a model for how leaders can nurture and develop worker garden variety creativity.Design/methodology/approach – This model was created by synthesizing existing research and literature on leadership and garden variety creativity.Findings – Findings' synthesis yielded a testable and implementable model for improving worker garden creativity through leader interventions.Originality/value – This paper provides a specific examination of leader potential for garden variety creativity enhancement. This focus is different from most research that examines organizational structure interventions, high‐level creativity, or both.
Summed Probability Distribution of 14C Dates Suggests Regional Divergences in the Population Dynamics of the Jomon Period in Eastern Japan

Recent advances in the use of summed probability distribution (SPD) of calibrated 14C dates have opened new possibilities for studying prehistoric demography. The degree of correlation between climate change and population dynamics can now be accurately quantified, and divergences in the demographic history of distinct geographic areas can be statistically assessed. Here we contribute to this research agenda by reconstructing the prehistoric population change of Jomon hunter-gatherers between 7,000 and 3,000 cal BP. We collected 1,433 14C dates from three different regions in Eastern Japan (Kanto, Aomori and Hokkaido) and established that the observed fluctuations in the SPDs were statistically significant. We also introduced a new non-parametric permutation test for comparing multiple sets of SPDs that highlights point of divergences in the population history of different geographic regions. Our analyses indicate a general rise-and-fall pattern shared by the three regions but also some key regional differences during the 6th millennium cal BP. The results confirm some of the patterns suggested by previous archaeological studies based on house and site counts but offer statistical significance and an absolute chronological framework that will enable future studies aiming to establish potential correlation with climatic changes.
Improved Quality of Life After Transtibial Amputation in Patients With Diabetes-Related Foot Complications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate health-related quality of life after major lower-extremity amputation in a cohort of patients with diabetes mellitus. We evaluated 81 patients with diabetes and transtibial amputation (TTA) who had a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. Of these 81 patients, 50.6% completed the Short Form Survey (SF-36) and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) preoperatively and postoperatively. Outcome measures before and after TTA were compared using Welch’s ANOVA for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. There was significant improvement in all 8 subscales of the SF-36, physical component summary (PCS) score, mental component summary (MCS) score, and the FAAM. The median SF-36 PCS score improved from 26.2 to 36.6 preoperatively versus postoperatively (P < .0005). The postoperative PCS score improved in 75.6% of patients and worsened in 24.4%. The median SF-36 MCS score improved from 43.7 to 56.1 preoperatively versus postoperatively (P < .0005). Both the FAAM activities of daily living (ADL; P < .005) and FAAM sports scores (P < .05) improved significantly. The postoperative FAAM general/ADL score improved in 75.6% of patients and worsened in 24.4%. Patients who were nonambulatory postoperatively had significantly lower SF-36 general health subscale scores and lower FAAM scores than patients who were ambulatory postoperatively. In select patients with nonfunctional lower extremities resulting from instability and/or chronic infection, TTA can result in significant improvement in quality of life and lower-extremity function. We acknowledge that 25% of patients had a reduction in self-reported quality of life; however, 75% of patients improved their quality of life.
The complexity of co-opetitive networks

Purpose Many firms engage in co-opetitive projects during which they have simultaneously competitive and collaborative relationships with many rivals in a complex network. A co-opetitive network offers them access to a large volume of resources and knowledge, for example, to support new markets and/or territories. So, does the network grow with the scope of the co-opetition project? The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach An empirical study of 106 French boating intermediate-sized enterprises (ETIs) and small and medium enterprises provides a descriptive and explanatory analysis of co-opetitive networks. Findings The results support this definition of a complex co-opetitive network only when the objectives of a firm are part of the geographical expansion of its activities. In contrast, these relations remain simple (dyadic) when a firm favours a strategy of diversifying its activities while maintaining its unique local geographical market. Research limitations/implications First, the work is based on a quantitative methodology, so is static. It would be interesting to analyze the process of the building of co-opetitive relationships and opportunism between rival firms, for example, through a qualitative study. Second, this work focusses on boating companies in France. It may be appropriate to consider the sanctions placed on the opportunism of foreign firms in co-opetition. Third, future work could increase understanding, not only of the nature of reprisals inflicted on individualistic co-opetitors, but also on the structure, objectives and results of these reprisals. Originality/value The study deepens our knowledge of the definition, composition and determinants of co-opetitive networks.
Intimate Violations: Women and the Ajusticiamiento of Dictator Rafael Trujillo, 1944-1961

The foundation of social order, the primary essence and basic nucleus of every political organization, rests in the family, without whose stable and healthy development, the prosperity of the nation is impossible. On the afternoon of August 10, 1959, several dozen Dominican and Cuban women gathered in the streets of Havana. Dressed in black as though headed to a funeral, they mourned the political situation in the neighboring Dominican Republic. Specifically, they targeted the dictator Rafael Trujillo, calling him the “Jackal of the Caribbean. ” As they paraded through the streets carrying placards and visiting newspaper offices, tliey were focusing attention on their specific struggles as women and motliers. Their posters read, “Dominican Women Support the Revolutionary Government”; “We Ask for the Expulsion of Trujillo from the OAS”; and “We Represent the Mourning of the Assassinations Committed by Trujillo. ”
How Instructor Immediacy Behaviors Affect Student Satisfaction and Learning in Web-Based Courses

In this study I investigated whether instructor classroom behaviors, called "imme diacy behaviors," are significantly associated with student learning and satisfaction in Web-based MBA courses. Immediacy behaviors represent instructors' attempts to reduce the social distance between themselves and their students. While my study found that immediacy behaviors were positive predictors of student learning and course satisfaction, such other factors as student attitudes toward course soft ware, the length of a course, and prior student and instructor experience with Web-based courses were also significant predictors. These findings suggest that both structural characteristics of MBA programs and instructor behavior merit attention for Web-based courses to successfully deliver graduate management education.
Aligning an Early Childhood Assessment to State Kindergarten Content Standards: Application of a Nationally Recognized Alignment Framework

This article describes an alignment study conducted to evaluate the alignment between Indiana's Kindergarten content standards and items on the Indiana Standards Tool for Alternate Reporting. Alignment is the extent to which standards and assessments are in agreement, working together to guide educators' efforts to support children's learning and development. The alignment process in this study represented a modification of Webb's nationally recognized method of alignment analysis to early childhood assessments and standards. The alignment panel (N = 13) in this study consisted of early childhood educators and educational leaders from all geographic regions of the state. Panel members were asked to rate the depth of knowledge (DOK) stage of each objective in Kindergarten standards; rate the DOK stage for each item on the ISTAR rating scale; and identify the one or two objectives from the standards to which each ISTAR item corresponded. Analysis of the panel's responses suggested the ISTAR inconsistently conformed to Webb's DOK consistency and ROK correspondence criteria for alignment. A promising finding was the strong alignment of the ISTAR Level F1 and F2 scales to the Kindergarten standards. This result provided evidence of the developmental continuum of skills and knowledge that are assessed by the ISTAR items.
Diego and friends play again

The formation of properly differentiated organs often requires the planar coordination of cell polarization within the tissues. Such planar cell polarization (PCP) events are best studied in Drosophila, where many of the key players, known as PCP genes, have already been identified. Genetic analysis of the PCP genes suggests that the establishment of polarity consists of three major steps. The first step involves the generation of a global polarity cue; this in turn promotes the second step, the redistribution of the core PCP proteins, leading to the formation of asymmetrically localized signaling centers. During the third step, these complexes control tissue‐specific cellular responses through the activation of cell type specific effector genes. Here we discuss some of the most recent advances that have provided valuable new insight into each of the three major steps of planar cell polarization.
T‐Type Ca2+ Channels in Cerebral Arteries: Approaches, Hypotheses, and Speculation

Cerebral blood flow is controlled by a network of resistance arteries that dilate and constrict to mechanical and chemical stimuli. Vasoactive stimuli influence arterial diameter through alterations in resting membrane potential and the influx of Ca2+ through voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels. Historically, L‐type Ca2+ channels were thought to be solely expressed in cerebral arterial smooth muscle. Recent studies have, however, challenged this perspective, by providing evidence of T‐type Ca2+ channels in vascular tissues. This perspective piece will introduce T‐type Ca2+ channels, their electrophysiological properties, and potential roles in arterial tone development. We begin with a brief overview of Ca2+ channels and a discussion of the approaches used to isolate this elusive conductance. We will then speculate on how the two T‐type Ca2+ channels expressed in cerebral arterial smooth muscle might differentially influence arterial tone. This discovery of T‐type Ca2+ channels alters our traditional understanding of Ca2+ dynamics in vascular tissue and fosters new avenues of research and insight into the basis of arterial tone development.
CHAPTER 3 Affective Influences on Cognition Mood Congruence , Mood Dependence , and Mood Effects on Processing Strategies

The interplay between feeling and thinking has been a subject of scholarly discussion and spirited debate since antiquity. The last few decades have witnessed a mounting interest in the impact of affective or mood states on learning, memory, decision making, and allied cognitive processes. Much of this interest has initially focused on two phenomena: mood-congruent cognition —the observation that a given mood promotes the processing of information that possesses a similar affective tone or valence, and mood-dependent memory —the observation that information encoded in a particular mood is most retrievable in that mood, irrespective of the information’s affective valence. More recently, and especially since the publication of the previous edition of this Handbook , numerous studies have found that positive and negative moods can also influence memory due to their effects on information processing styles or strategies. This chapter examines the
Internet Appendix to " The International Transmission of Bank Liquidity Shocks : Evidence from an Emerging Market " 1

A. Model of International Lenders Response To Liquidity Shocks The objective of my model is to formalize the idea that bank ownership a¤ects the provision of nancing after a liquidity shock. The key assumption in the model is that owners can control the investment decisions of banks in which they have equity holdings, but arms-length lenders cannot. This assumption is motivated by the di¢ culty to verify or monitor bank investment decisions at arms length. The intuition of the model is that the control of bank investment decisions becomes more important as the cost of nancing increases, leading to di¤erent responses by owners and arms-length lenders after a liquidity shock. More formally, I assume that the only business activity of banks is to nance investment projects. All investment projects are of the same size and are normalized to one. There are two types of projects, safe and risky. If a bank invests in a safe project, the project yields S > 1. If the bank invests in a risky project, the project yields R > S with probability p, and zero with probability (1 p). Risky projects have a lower expected value than safe projects, such that pR < S. I make this assumption to allow for risk shifting by banks. Banks re nance investment projects by borrowing from international lenders. There are two types of international lenders, arms-length lenders and owners, and two types of banks, foreignand domestically owned banks. Banks are operated by managers who maximize the value of bank equity. Suppose a domestically owned bank (e.g., Banco Wiese) borrows one unit of capital from an armslength lender (e.g., UBS) and promises to repay D. If the manager invests in safe projects, then the payo¤ is (S D). If the manager invests in risky projects, then the expected payo¤ is p(R D). The manager maximizes the bank equity value and therefore invests in safe projects if and only if D S pR (1 p) . I summarize this result as the rst Proposition IA.1, where D = (1 + r) such that r denotes the interest rate on arms-length lending.
Inside/Outside: International Relations as Political Theory

Preface 1. International relations as political theory 2. The Prince and 'the pauper' 3. Ethics, modernity, community 4. History, structure, reification 5. Realism international relations to world politics 6. The territorial state and the theme of Gulliver 7. On the spatio-temporal conditions of democratic practice 8. Sovereign identities and the politics of forgetting Notes Bibliography Index.
H-inf channel estimation for MIMO-OFDM systems in the presence of carrier frequency offset

An H-infinity (H-inf) channel estimation algorithm is proposed for estimating the channels in MIMO-OFDM systems in the presence of carrier frequency offset (CFO). The goal is to contribute to an algorithm with low complexity, good estimate performance and better suppression to CFO. For this purpose, the H-inf with simplified objective function is first developed, and then, its computational load is reduced by using the iterative expectation maximization (EM) process. To resistant the CFO, we derive a precise equivalent signal model (ESM) to identify the channels. It is observed that the H-inf estimator could be regarded as a substitute for optimal maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator, but with much less complexity. At the same time, by using ESM, a remarkable improvement for the performance degradation caused by CFO will appear.
The Value Concept in Sociology

Values may be seen as absolutes, as inherent in objects, as present within man, and as identical with his behavior. Absolutes are inaccessible to science. Values in objects cannot be discovered apart from human behavior relating to the objects. Internal states cannot be observed apart from action. Thus, what people do is all that can be known about their values. The meaning of an action can be grasped without recourse to any other kind of value concept if meaning is understood as the probability of other events preceding, accompanying, or following it. Norms can be seen as sets of verbal and non-verbal behavior.
Prevention of the Cardiovascular and Neuroendocrine Response to Electroconvulsive Therapy: I. Effectiveness of Pretreatment Regimens on Hemodynamics

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) under anesthesia is associated with hypertension and tachycardia. The cardiovascular effects of ECT were studied after pretreatment of 10 patients with esmolol (1.0 mg/kg), fentanyl (1.5 μg/kg), labetalol (0.3 mg/kg), lidocaine (1.0 mg/kg), and saline solution (control), using a double-blind, randomized block-design. Each patient received all five pretreatment regimens over the course of five ECT sessions. During control studies, arterial blood pressure and heart rate increased significantly in all patients after ECT (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). The rate-pressure product increased by an average of 336% ± 14% (P < 0.01). There were appreciable individual differences in the cardiovascular response to ECT, independent of pretreatment (P < 0.01). Pretreatment with esmolol and labetalol significantly reduced the hemodynamic response to ECT, compared with fentanyl, lidocaine, or saline solution (P < 0.05). Esmolol attenuated arterial blood pressure to a larger extent than did labetalol (P < 0.05). Compared with saline solution (control), pretreatment with labetalol, fentanyl, or lidocaine significantly reduced seizure duration (P < 0.05) and increased the frequency with which a second electrical stimulus was required. In contrast, esmolol pretreatment did not significantly affect seizure duration. Esmolol (1 mg/kg), administered 1 min before induction of anesthesia, produced significant amelioration of the cardiovascular response to ECT with minimal effect on seizure duration.
Virtual Screening and Biological Evaluation of Piperazine Derivatives as Human Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

The piperazine derivatives have been shown to inhibit human acetylcholinesterase. Virtual screening by molecular docking of piperazine derivatives 1-(1,4-benzodioxane-2-carbonyl) piperazine (K), 4-(4-methyl)-benzenesulfonyl-1-(1,4-benzodioxane-2-carbonyl) piperazine (S1), and 4-(4-chloro)-benzenesulfonyl-1-(1,4-benzodioxane-2-carbonyl) piperazine (S3) has been shown to bind at peripheral anionic site and catalytic sites, whereas 4-benzenesulfonyl-1-(1,4-benzodioxane-2-carbonyl) piperazine (S4) and 4-(2,5-dichloro)-benzenesulfonyl-1-(1,4-benzodioxane-2-carbonyl) piperazine (S7) do not bind either to peripheral anionic site or catalytic site with hydrogen bond. All the derivatives have differed in number of H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions. The peripheral anionic site interacting molecules have proven to be potential therapeutics in inhibiting amyloid peptides aggregation in Alzheimer's disease. All the piperazine derivatives follow Lipinski's rule of five. Among all the derivatives 1-(1,4-benzodioxane-2-carbonyl) piperazine (K) was found to have the lowest TPSA value.
Functional Role of Phosphodiesterase 3 in Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis: Implication in Heart Failure

Background—Myocyte apoptosis plays an important role in pathological cardiac remodeling and the progression of heart failure. cAMP signaling is crucial in the regulation of myocyte apoptosis and cardiac remodeling. Multiple cAMP-hydrolyzing phosphodiesterases (PDEs), such as PDE3 and PDE4, coexist in cardiomyocytes and elicit differential temporal/spatial regulation of cAMP signaling. However, the role of PDE3 and PDE4 in the regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis remains unclear. Although chronic treatment with PDE3 inhibitors increases mortality in patients with heart failure, the contribution of PDE3 expression/activity in heart failure is not well known. Methods and Results—In this study we report that PDE3A expression and activity were significantly reduced in human failing hearts as well as mouse hearts with chronic pressure overload. In primary cultured cardiomyocytes, chronic inhibition of PDE3 but not PDE4 activity by pharmacological agents or adenovirus-delivered antisense PDE3A promoted cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Both angiotensin II (Ang II) and the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol selectively induced a sustained downregulation of PDE3A expression and induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Restoring PDE3A via adenovirus-delivered expression of wild-type PDE3A1 completely blocked Ang II– and isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, suggesting the critical role of PDE3A reduction in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Moreover, we defined a crucial role for inducible cAMP early repressor expression in PDE3A reduction–mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Conclusions—Our results suggest that PDE3A reduction and consequent inducible cAMP early repressor induction are critical events in Ang II– and isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and may contribute to the development of heart failure. Drugs that maintain PDE3A function may represent an attractive therapeutic approach to treat heart failure.