Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An introduction to quantized Lie groups and algebras

We give a self-contained introduction to the theory of quantum groups according to Drinfeld, highlighting the formal aspects as well as the applications to the Yang-Baxter equation and representation theory. Introductions to Hopf algebras, Poisson structures and deformation quantization are also provided. After defining Poisson Lie groups we study their relation to Lie bialgebras and the classical Yang-Baxter equation. Then we explain in detail the concept of quantization for them. As an example the quantization of sl2 is explicitly carried out. Next we show how quantum groups are related to the Yang-Baxter equation and how they can be used to solve it. Using the quantum double construction we explicitly construct the universal R matrix for the quantum sl2 algebra. In the last section we deduce all finite-dimensional irreducible representations for q a root of unity. We also give their tensor product decomposition (fusion rules), which is relevant to conformal field theory.
Metformin's Effect on First-Year Weight Gain: A Follow-up Study

BACKGROUND: The impact of metformin medication in pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome on weight gain during pregnancy and after delivery and the impact on growth of the offspring are essentially unexplored. METHODS: This is a follow-up study of a randomized controlled trial (The Metformin treatment in pregnant PCOS women study), conducted in 11 secondary care centers. Women with PCOS were randomized to metformin (2000 mg daily) or placebo from first trimester to delivery. Questionnaires were sent to 256 participants 1 year postpartum. Maternal weight development in pregnancy and the first year after delivery and offspring anthropometry at birth and weight 1 year postpartum were registered. RESULTS: Women randomized to metformin gained less weight during pregnancy compared with those in the placebo group. In the newborns, there was no difference between the 2 groups in weight or length. One year postpartum, women who used metformin in pregnancy lost less weight and their infants were heavier than those in the placebo group (10.2 ± 1.2 kg vs 9.7 ± 1.1 kg, P = .003). CONCLUSIONS: Women randomized to metformin were heavier in the first trimester, gained less weight in pregnancy, and lost less weight in the first year postpartum compared with women randomized to placebo. Children exposed to metformin weighed more at 1 year of age.
Determining Analyticity for Parameter Optimization of the Gegenbauer Reconstruction Method

The Gegenbauer reconstruction method effectively eliminates the Gibbs phenomenon and restores exponential accuracy to the approximations of piecewise smooth functions. Recent investigations show that its success depends upon choosing parameters in such a way that the regularization and the truncation error estimates are equally considered. This paper shows that the underlying analyticity of the function in smooth regions plays a critical role in the regularization error estimate. Hence we develop a technique that first analyzes the behavior of the function in its regions of smoothness and then applies this knowledge to refine the regularization error estimate. Such refinement yields better parameter choices for the Gegenbauer reconstruction method, and is confirmed both by better accuracy and more robustness in the approximation of piecewise smooth functions.
Improving College Access at Low-Income High Schools? The Impact of GEAR UP Iowa on Postsecondary Enrollment and Persistence

GEAR UP (Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs) is a federal program designed to promote college access and success for students from low-income backgrounds. Although some literature has examined K–12 outcomes, little research has explored the extent to which GEAR UP achieves its intended postsecondary objectives. The present study used a difference-in-differences design with a sample of 17,605 students to explore the impact of GEAR UP Iowa on college enrollment and persistence. The findings indicate that GEAR UP Iowa promotes the college enrollment of high school graduates by 3 to 4 percentage points, whereas it appears to have no effect on college persistence. Results are similar regardless of students’ socioeconomic status, race/ethnicity, sex, and K–12 special education status.
Credibility judgments in context: effects of emotional expression, presentation mode, and statement consistency

ABSTRACT In this study, we examined the effects of complainant emotionality, presentation mode, and statement consistency on credibility judgments in an intimate partner abuse case. Male and female police trainees (N = 172) assessed the credibility of a domestic abuse complainant who appeared either live or on video, and behaved in an emotional (displaying sadness and distress) or a neutral manner. In addition, the consistency of the statement with other evidence was manipulated. Live (vs. video) and consistent (vs. inconsistent) statements were perceived as more credible, and the presentation mode effect was mediated by participants’ felt compassion and approach/avoidance tendencies toward the complainant. As predicted, emotional (vs. neutral) demeanor increased perceived credibility through its effect on expectancy confirmation, but this effect appears to have been masked by other mechanisms (compassion and approach/avoidance) operating in the opposite direction. These findings highlight the need to consider multiple, sometimes conflicting, mechanisms underlying extra-legal influences on credibility judgments. Legal implications are discussed.
How are habits formed: Modelling habit formation in the real world

To investigate the process of habit formation in everyday life, 96 volunteers chose an eating, drinking or activity behaviour to carry out daily in the same context (for example 'after breakfast') for 12 weeks. They completed the self-report habit index (SRHI) each day and recorded whether they carried out the behaviour. The majority (82) of participants provided sufficient data for analysis, and increases in automaticity (calculated with a sub-set of SRHI items) were examined over the study period. Nonlinear regressions fitted an asymptotic curve to each individual's automaticity scores over the 84 days. The model fitted for 62 individuals, of whom 39 showed a good fit. Performing the behaviour more consistently was associated with better model fit. The time it took participants to reach 95% of their asymptote of automaticity ranged from 18 to 254 days; indicating considerable variation in how long it takes people to reach their limit of automaticity and highlighting that it can take a very long time. Missing one opportunity to perform the behaviour did not materially affect the habit formation process. With repetition of a behaviour in a consistent context, automaticity increases following an asymptotic curve which can be modelled at the individual level. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of Bicarbonate, Ammonium Chloride, and Acetazolamide on Hepatic and Renal SLC26A4 Expression

SLC26A4 encodes pendrin, a transporter exchanging anions such as chloride, bicarbonate, and iodide. Loss of function mutations of SLC26A4 cause Pendred syndrome characterized by hearing loss and enlarged vestibular aqueducts as well as variable hypothyroidism and goiter. In the kidney, pendrin is expressed in the distal nephron and accomplishes HCO3- secretion and Cl- reabsorption. Renal pendrin expression is regulated by acid-base balance. The liver contributes to acid-base regulation by producing or consuming glutamine, which is utilized by the kidney for generation and excretion of NH4+, paralleled by HCO3- formation. Little is known about the regulation of pendrin in liver. The present study thus examined the expression of Slc26a4 in liver and kidney of mice drinking tap water without or with NaHCO3 (150 mM), NH4Cl (280 mM) or acetazolamide (3.6 mM) for seven days. As compared to Gapdh transcript levels, Slc26a4 transcript levels were moderately lower in liver than in renal tissue. Slc26a4 transcript levels were not significantly affected by NaHCO3 in liver, but significantly increased by NaHCO3 in kidney. Pendrin protein expression was significantly enhanced in kidney and reduced in liver by NaHCO3. Slc26a4 transcript levels were significantly increased by NH4Cl and acetazolamide in liver, and significantly decreased by NH4Cl and by acetazolamide in kidney. NH4Cl and acetazolamide reduced pendrin protein expression significantly in kidney, but did not significantly modify pendrin protein expression in liver. The observations point to expression of pendrin in the liver and to opposite effects of acidosis on pendrin transcription in liver and kidney.
Fast Modeling of Curved Object from Two Images

A method of modeling curved object from two images is proposed. 3D curved object is represented by the standard parametric surface. The silhouettes of the images photographed from the frontal and lateral position can be obtained by user interaction. They are inputted as the linear constraints of the quadratic object function to find the smoothest curved surfaces of the object. In order to reduce the amount of user interaction, Gaussian mixture model based image segmentation algorithm is used to obtain the silhouettes. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in modeling real curved objects.
Generative Learning Processes of the Brain

This article presents a functional model of learning from teaching that, in contrast to structural models of schemata and knowledge representation, focuses on the neural and cognitive processes that learners use to generate meaning and understanding from instruction. Wittrock's model of generative learning (Wittrock, 1974a, 1990) consists of four major processes: (a) attention, (b) motivation, (c) knowledge and preconceptions, and (d) generation. Each of these processes involves generative brain functions studied in neural research and generative cognitive functions studied in knowledge-acquisition research. In this model of generative learning, the brain is a model builder. It does not transform input into output. Instead, it actively controls the processes of generating meaning and plans of action that make sense of experience and that respond to perceived realities. Within this framework, teaching becomes the process of leading learners to use their generative processes to construct meanings and plans .
Validation of Reference Genes Aiming Accurate Normalization of qRT-PCR Data in Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro

Background Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro distributes widely in subtropical areas and plays vital roles as valuable natural resources. The transcriptome sequencing for D. latiflorus Munro has been performed and numerous genes especially those predicted to be unique to D. latiflorus Munro were revealed. qRT-PCR has become a feasible approach to uncover gene expression profiling, and the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained depends upon the proper selection of stable reference genes for accurate normalization. Therefore, a set of suitable internal controls should be validated for D. latiflorus Munro. Results In this report, twelve candidate reference genes were selected and the assessment of gene expression stability was performed in ten tissue samples and four leaf samples from seedlings and anther-regenerated plants of different ploidy. The PCR amplification efficiency was estimated, and the candidate genes were ranked according to their expression stability using three software packages: geNorm, NormFinder and Bestkeeper. GAPDH and EF1α were characterized to be the most stable genes among different tissues or in all the sample pools, while CYP showed low expression stability. RPL3 had the optimal performance among four leaf samples. The application of verified reference genes was illustrated by analyzing ferritin and laccase expression profiles among different experimental sets. The analysis revealed the biological variation in ferritin and laccase transcript expression among the tissues studied and the individual plants. Conclusions geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper analyses recommended different suitable reference gene(s) for normalization according to the experimental sets. GAPDH and EF1α had the highest expression stability across different tissues and RPL3 for the other sample set. This study emphasizes the importance of validating superior reference genes for qRT-PCR analysis to accurately normalize gene expression of D. latiflorus Munro.
Public perception and attitudes about social work in Turkey

The purpose of this study is to examine public perception and attitudes about the social work profession. This research is a cross-sectional study, carried out with 500 individuals over the age of 18 in the city center of Manisa, Turkey. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire based on self-reports of participants via face-to-face interviews in December 2015. Results show that more than half of the participants had never heard of the social work profession before. Traditional fields such as child protection and care of the elderly are the most known working fields. Participants generally demonstrate a positive attitude about the profession.
Efficacy of RTS,S/AS01E vaccine against malaria in children 5 to 17 months of age.

BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a pressing global health problem. A previous study of the malaria vaccine RTS,S (which targets the circumsporozoite protein), given with an adjuvant system (AS02A), showed a 30% rate of protection against clinical malaria in children 1 to 4 years of age. We evaluated the efficacy of RTS,S given with a more immunogenic adjuvant system (AS01E) in children 5 to 17 months of age, a target population for vaccine licensure. METHODS We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial of RTS,S/AS01E vaccine as compared with rabies vaccine in children in Kilifi, Kenya, and Korogwe, Tanzania. The primary end point was fever with a falciparum parasitemia density of more than 2500 parasites per microliter, and the mean duration of follow-up was 7.9 months (range, 4.5 to 10.5). RESULTS A total of 894 children were randomly assigned to receive the RTS,S/AS01E vaccine or the control (rabies) vaccine. Among the 809 children who completed the study procedures according to the protocol, the cumulative number in whom clinical malaria developed was 32 of 402 assigned to receive RTS,S/AS01E and 66 of 407 assigned to receive the rabies vaccine; the adjusted efficacy rate for RTS,S/AS01E was 53% (95% confidence interval [CI], 28 to 69; P<0.001) on the basis of Cox regression. Overall, there were 38 episodes of clinical malaria among recipients of RTS,S/AS01E, as compared with 86 episodes among recipients of the rabies vaccine, with an adjusted rate of efficacy against all malarial episodes of 56% (95% CI, 31 to 72; P<0.001). All 894 children were included in the intention-to-treat analysis, which showed an unadjusted efficacy rate of 49% (95% CI, 26 to 65; P<0.001). There were fewer serious adverse events among recipients of RTS,S/AS01E, and this reduction was not only due to a difference in the number of admissions directly attributable to malaria. CONCLUSIONS RTS,S/AS01E shows promise as a candidate malaria vaccine. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00380393.)
Star formation triggered by SN explosions: an application to the stellar association of β Pictoris

In the present study, considering the physical conditions that are relevant in interactions between supernova remnants (SNRs) and dense molecular clouds for triggering star formation we have built a diagram of SNR radius versus cloud density in which the constraints above delineate a shaded zone where star formation is allowed. We have also performed fully 3D radiatively cooling numerical simulations of the impact between SNRs and clouds under different initial conditions in order to follow the initial steps of these interactions. We determine the conditions that may lead either to cloud collapse and star formation or to complete cloud destruction and find that the numerical results are consistent with those of the SNR-cloud density diagram. Finally, we have applied the results above to the Pictoris stellar association which is composed of low-mass post-T Tauri stars with an age of 11 Myr. It has been recently suggested that its formation could have been triggered by the shock wave produced by an SN explosion localized at a distance of about 62 pc that may have occurred either in the Lower Centaurus Crux or in the Upper Centaurus Lupus which are both nearby older subgroups of that association (Ortega and co-workers). Using the results of the analysis above we have shown that the suggested origin for the young association at the proposed distance is plausible only for a very restricted range of initial conditions for the parent molecular cloud, that is, a cloud with a radius of the order of 10 pc and density of the order of 20 cm -3 and a temperature of the order of 50-100 K.
Nanowires precisely grown on the ends of microwire electrodes permit the recording of intracellular action potentials within deeper neural structures.

AIMS Nanoelectrodes are an emerging biomedical technology that can be used to record intracellular membrane potentials from neurons while causing minimal damage during membrane penetration. Current nanoelectrode designs, however, have low aspect ratios or large substrates and thus are not suitable for recording from neurons deep within complex natural structures, such as brain slices. MATERIALS & METHODS We describe a novel nanoelectrode design that uses nanowires grown on the ends of microwire recording electrodes similar to those frequently used in vivo. RESULTS & DISCUSSION We demonstrate that these nanowires can record intracellular action potentials in a rat brain slice preparation and in isolated leech ganglia. CONCLUSION Nanoelectrodes have the potential to revolutionize intracellular recording methods in complex neural tissues, to enable new multielectrode array technologies and, ultimately, to be used to record intracellular signals in vivo.
Little Emperors : Behavioral Impacts of China ’ s One-Child Policy

clicking here. colleagues, clients, or customers by , you can order high-quality copies for your If you wish to distribute this article to others here. following the guidelines can be obtained by Permission to republish or repurpose articles or portions of articles ): July 26, 2013 www.sciencemag. org (this information is current as of The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag. org/content/339/6122/950.full. html version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag. org/content/suppl/2013/02/20/339.6122. 950.DC1. html can be found at: Supporting Online Material http://www.sciencemag. org/content/339/6122/950.full. html#ref-list-1 , 9 of which can be accessed free: cites 28 articles This article http://www.sciencemag. org/content/339/6122/950.full. html#related-urls 2 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag. org/cgi/collection/molec_biol Molecular Biology subject collections: This article appears in the following
Flexible Functional Split Design for Downlink C-RAN With Capacity-Constrained Fronthaul

In cloud radio access networks, functional split refers to a division of signal processing functionalities between the baseband unit (BBU) pool and remote radio heads (RRHs). The functionality of baseband signal precoding can either be performed by the BBU pool or RRHs, which corresponds to different functional splits. The compression-after-precoding (CAP) and data-sharing (DS) strategies are the realizations of these two functional splits. In this paper, we propose a flexible functional split design to enable the dynamic functional configuration of each active RRH to use either CAP or DS strategy. Our goal is to minimize the aggregate power consumption, while taking into account limited fronthaul capacity, fronthaul power consumption, and quality-of-service requirement. We formulate a joint RRH mode (i.e., CAP, DS, and sleep) selection, precoding design, and fronthaul compression problem. The formulated problem is a non-convex quadratically constrained combinatorial optimization problem. Through sequential convex programming and $\ell _1$-norm convex relaxation, the problem is transformed into a sequence of semidefinite programming problems. An efficient algorithm based on the majorization–minimization scheme is developed to solve the problem. Simulations demonstrate the importance of considering the limited fronthaul capacity and the performance improvement of the proposed algorithm compared with the pure CAP and DS strategies.
A precise definition of basic relational notions and of the relational algebra

This paper presents a precise definition of basic relational notions as well as a precise and general definition of the relational algebra. The paper also illustrates a method for developing semi-formal definitions of data models. A nearly formal definition of relations with unordered attributes is given, and algebraic operations are described as operating on and producing relations thus defined. The definition of algebric operations contains, as a special case, the "classical" definition of the algebra (see e.g. [CODD72]). But, in addition, several operations are generalized. The closure of the algebra is characterized precisely, with the help of an operation for renaming relation attributes.
A design procedure for slotted waveguide antennas with specified sidelobe levels

Slotted waveguide antenna (SWA) arrays offer clear advantages in terms of their design, weight, volume, power handling, directivity, and efficiency. For broad-wall SWAs, the slot displacements from the wall centerline determine the antenna's sidelobe level (SLL). This paper presents an inventive procedure for the design of broadwall SWAs with desired SLLs. For a specified number of identical longitudinal slots, this procedure finds the slots length, width, locations along the length of the waveguide, and displacements from the centerline. Illustrative examples, based on Taylor, Chebyshev and the binomial distributions are given. In these examples, elliptical slots are considered, since their rounded corners are more robust for high power applications.