Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Positive Alpha and Negative Beta (A Strategy for Counteracting Systematic Risk)

Undiversifiable (or systematic risk) has long been an enemy of investors. Many countercyclical strategies have been developed to counter this. However, like all insurance types, these strategies are generally costly to implement, and over time can significantly reduce portfolio returns in long and extended bull markets. In this paper, we discuss an alternative technique, founded on the premise of physiological bias and risk-aversion. We take a behavioral discussion in order to contextualize the insurance like characteristics of option pricing and discuss how this can lead to a mispricing of the asymmetric relationship between the VIX and the S&P 500. To test this, we perform studies in which we find statistical inefficiencies, thereby making it possible to implement a method of hedging index option premium in a way that has displayed no monthly drawdowns in bullish periods, while still providing large returns in major sell-offs. The three versions of the strategy discussed have negative betas to the S&P 500, while exhibiting similar risk-adjusted excess returns over both bull and bear markets. Further, the performance generated over the entire period, for all three strategies, is highly statistically significant. The results challenge the weak form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis and provide evidence that the methods of hedging could be a valuable addition to an equity rich portfolio for the purpose of counteracting systematic risk.
Local Rule Switching Mechanism for Viral Shell Geometry

In a previous paper [Berger et al., PNAS 91 7732, 1994], a theory of virus shell formation was proposed in which shell assembly is directed by local interactions of the coat and sca olding subunits. This theory requires that the same chemical subunits assume di erent, stable conformations depending on their position in the shell. During assembly, the conformation of a protein subunit dictates the conformations of its neighboring subunits. It was shown that these local interactions could be designed so as to generate shells that have the same geometric structure as virus capsids. Di erent sets of local interactions, or local rules, were designed to produce di erent nal shell geometries. In this paper, local rules are given that assemble a T = 7 shell such that a small change in these rules produces a T = 4 shell. This is intriguing since evidence has been accumulating that some T = 7 shells are closely related to T = 4 shells. These local rules also predict that hexamers in the assembled procapsid would have approximate two-fold rotational symmetry. This symmetry is exempli ed by the elongation of hexamers observed in many T = 7 viruses. These rules also provide a possible explanation for spiraling and tubular malformations. Mathematics Department and Laboratory for Computer Science, MIT. AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ.
Design and Analysis of P & O and IP & O MPPT Techniques for Photovoltaic System

Photovoltaic (PV) energy is the most important energy resource since it is clean, pollution free, and inexhaustible. Due to rapid growth in the semiconductor and power electronics techniques, it is important to operate PV energy conversion systems near the maximum power point to increase the output efficiency of PV arrays. The output power of PV arrays is always changing with weather conditions, which mean solar irradiation and atmospheric temperature. Some MPPT techniques are available in that perturbation and observation (P&O) and improved perturbation and observation (IP&O). A P&O method is the most simple, which moves the operating point toward the maximum power point periodically increasing or decreasing the PV array voltage. It was proved that the P&O method control system sometimes deviates from the maximum operating point. When the MPP is reached, the P&O method will oscillate around it in case of constant or slowly varying atmospheric conditions. This problem can be solved to decrease the perturbation step; however, the tracking response will be slower. In case of rapidly changing atmospheric conditions, the P&O method can occasionally make the system operation point far from the MPP. Perturbation and observation (P&O) is that the operating point oscillates around the maximum power point (MPP). The improved P&O method is introduced, based on hysteresis band and auto-tuning perturbation step. There is trade-off between dynamic response and steady state due to the selection of “dv”. The Improved perturbation and observation (IP&O) has the tracking response will be higher. IP&O method has rapidly changing atmospheric conditions then the unpredictable performance with oscillations around maximum power point (MPP). In IP&O has high reliability and it is very complexity. A Mat labSimulink based simulation study of PV cell/PV module/PV array is carried out and presented.
Evidence for a New Class of Extreme Ultraviolet Sources

Most of the sources detected in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV; 100-600 A) by the ROSAT/WFC and EUVE all-sky surveys have been identified with active late-type stars and hot white dwarfs that are near enough to the Earth to escape absorption by interstellar gas. However, about 15 per cent of EUV sources are as yet unidentified with any optical counterparts. We examine whether the unidentified EUV sources may consist of the same population of late-type stars and white dwarfs. We present Band R photometry of stars in the fields of seven of the unidentified EUV sources. We detect in the optical the entire main-sequence and white dwarf population out to the greatest distances where they could still avoid absorption. We use colour­ magnitude diagrams to demonstrate that, in most of the fields, none of the observed stars has the colours and magnitudes of late-type dwarfs at distances less than 100 pc. Similarly, none of the observed stars is a white dwarf within 500 pc that is hot enough to be a EUV emitter. The unidentified EUV sources we study are not detected in X-rays, while cataclysmic variables, X-ray binaries, and active galactic nuclei generally are. We conclude that some of the EUV sources may be a new class of nearby objects, which are either very faint at optical bands or which mimic the colours and magnitudes of distant late-type stars or cool white dwarfs. One candidate for optically faint objects is isolated old neutron stars, slowly accreting interstellar matter. Such neutron stars are expected to be abundant in the Galaxy, and have not been unambiguously detected.
A hybrid recommendation procedure for new items using preference boundary

As new items are frequently released nowadays, item providers and customers need the recommender system which is specialized in recommending new items. Because most of previous approaches for recommender system have to rely on the usage history of customers, collaborative filtering is not directly applicable to solve the new item problem. Therefore they have suggested content-based recommender system using feature values of new items. However it is not sufficient to recommend new items. This research aims to suggest hybrid recommendation procedures based on preference boundary of target customer. We suggest TC, BC, and NC algorithms to determine the preference boundary. TC is an algorithm developed from contents-based filtering, whereas BC and NC are algorithms based on collaborative filtering, which incorporates neighbors, similar customers to a target customer. We evaluate the performances of suggested algorithms with real mobile image transaction data set. Experimental test results that the performances of BC and NC is better than that of TC, which means that the suggested hybrid procedures are more effective than the content-based approach.
Analgesic Effects of Paracetamol and Morphine After Elective Laparotomy Surgeries

Background: Opioids have been traditionally used for postoperative pain control, but they have some unpleasant side effects such as respiratory depression or nausea. Some other analgesic drugs like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are also being used for pain management due to their fewer side effects. Objectives: The aim of our study was to compare the analgesic effects of paracetamol, an intravenous non-opioid analgesic and morphine infusion after elective laparotomy surgeries. Patients and Methods: This randomized clinical study was performed on 157 ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology) I-II patients, who were scheduled for elective laparotomy. These patients were managed by general anesthesia with TIVA technique in both groups and 150 patients were analyzed. Paracetamol (4 g/24 hours) in group 1 and morphine (20 mg/24 hours) in group 2 were administered by infusion pump after surgery. Postoperative pain evaluation was performed by visual analog scale (VAS) during several hours postoperatively. Meperidine was administered for patients complaining of pain with VAS > 3 and repeated if essential. Total doses of infused analgesics, were recorded following the surgery and compared. Analysis was performed on the basis of VAS findings and meperidine consumption. Results: There were no differences in demographic data between two groups. Significant difference in pain score was found between the two groups, in the first eight hours following operation (P value = 0.00), but not after 12 hours (P = 0.14) . The total dose of rescue drug (meperidine) and number of doses injected showed a meaningful difference between the two groups (P = 0.00). Also nausea, vomiting and itching showed a significant difference between the two groups and patients in morphine group, experienced higher levels of them. Conclusions: Paracetamol is not enough for postoperative pain relief in the first eight hour postoperatively, but it can reduce postoperative opioid need and is efficient enough for pain management as morphine after the first eight hours following surgery.
Hemogram and antibody profiles of local and broiler chickens under different vaccination programs.

The assessment of maternal immunity of poultry birds transferred to young chicks was carried out using both local breed and broiler chickens, with an objective to determine the antibody level pattern and hematological parameters of chickens in the first thirty one (31) days of life. One hundred and twenty birds were used for the study. Ninety (90) broilers and thirty (30) local breed chickens were grouped into four of 30 birds per group. Group 1 was local breed chickens only (LC), group 2 was vaccinated with “Primer” Newcastle disease virus (SIM), group 3 was vaccinated with Primer and booster (Lasota) dose of Newcastle disease virus (DIM) and group 4 was non vaccinated broilers (NIM). Chickens were fed with standard feeds and adequate water ad libitum. Venous blood samples were collected from the groups at every 72 hour interval using standard methods. The leukocyte count was higher among the groups, packed cell volume was unstable, but increased gradually with age, heterophil / lymphocyte (H/L) ratio was decreasing with age among groups. Unlike NIM and SIM, Immunoglobulin Y was raised following vaccination on day 21 in DIM group; it was gradually increased in LC with age. Immunoglobulin M was not significant between the groups. The maternal antibody in LC and DIM were statistically significant but there was no significant difference in hematological parameters of the birds used in this study irrespective of the species. NDV vaccination had no effect on packed cell volume and hemogram. H/L ratio and antibody level decreased with age, given that the birds were not immunologically challenged.
Representing linguistic phonetic structure

1.1 Limiting the scope of phonology. Kinds of information conveyed by speech Sociolinguistic differences are not the same as linguistic differences What counts as a linguistic contrast 1.2 Non-linguistic aspects of speech\ Speaker attitudes, style, peronal identity Spoken language and written language The role of intonation 1.3 Universal phonetics and phonology Equating sounds in different languages IPA categories and phonological feaures Innate features The number of possible contrasting sounds 1.4 Language as a social institution The mental nature of language Language as a self-organizing social institution Filling holes in patterns Phonemes as linguistic constructs
Design and Development of Blind Navigation System using GSM and IR Sensor

Blindness means lack of visibility. Blindness can be partial or complete. Partial blindness means limited vision. Where complete blindness means one cannot see anything or does not see light. In this paper we have proposed to make a navigation unit for visually challenged persons that is fixed in a walking stick and acts as an Electronic eye for the Blind person so that he/she can move freely and safely. There are so many smart sticks available using ultrasonic, RFID etc. but they have some drawbacks. In this paper we propose a Blind unit that will be helpful for both indoor and outdoor purpose since it has IR sensor for detecting obstacle and it has GSM feature so that the visually impaired person can communicate with customer care unit and can make calls to the near and dear ones. It has a Bluetooth wireless headset also. When the blind person gets an obstacle or reaches the destination appropriate message can be heard over the headset.
Lessons Learned From Using the RIPE Atlas Platform for Measurement Research

We reflect upon our experience in using the RIPE Atlas platform for measurement-based research. We show how in addition to credits, control checks using rate limits are in place to ensure that the platform does not get overloaded with measurements. We show how the Autonomous System (AS)-based distribution of RIPE Atlas probes is heavily skewed which limits possibilities of measurements sourced from a specific origin-AS. We discuss the significance of probe calibration and how we leverage it to identify load issues in older hardware versions (38.6% overall as of Sep 2014) of probes. We show how performance measurement platforms (such as RIPE Atlas, SamKnows, BISmark and Dasu) can benefit from each other by demonstrating two example use-cases. We also open discussion on how RIPE Atlas deployment can be made more useful by relaying more probe metadata information back to the scientific community and by strategically deploying probes to reduce the inherent sampling bias embedded in probe-based measurement platforms.
Unsystematic Risk Analysis with special reference to Maharatna, Navratna and Miniratna CPSEs companies in India: An observational study on Business Risk and Financial Risk

In today's dynamic business situation, the management of risk becomes very complicated. Making right and appropriate strategies to manage risk in accomplishing the wealth maximization objective of the corporate is utmost important. In the post liberalization era the drastic changes have been taken place in the policies concerning business of corporate which gives the paradigm shift to manage the business and financial risk. The present research study has been focusing on the analysis of the business and financial risk of the selected Maharatna, Navratna and Miniratna CPSEs companies of India; during the period of financial year 2008-2012. The purpose of this paper is to have an empirical examination regarding business and financial risk because of the changing environment of Indian economy. Successful supervision of risks and their forecast ought to help in lessen failures and losses. In that aspect, this paper focuses on Unsystematic Risk Analysis perspectives on India's selected Maharatna, Navratna and Miniratna CPSEs companies for the period 2008-2012.
An attempt in modelling early intervention in autism using neural networks

We present a solution to a problem of early intervention in autistic learning. This is an addition to our model of autism which is based on Kohonen self-organizing maps extended with the source familiarity filter and the attention shift mechanism. In particular we study the feature map formation when attention shift is restricted by familiarity preference. The network learns the stimuli from the source with the lowest variability in great detail at the expense of the other source. The early intervention neural controller modifies the probabilities of presenting stimuli from a given source in response to the attention shift acceptance/rejection signals.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses regarding enteral nutrition at a military hospital

Background and objectives: Enteral nutrition (EN) support plays a vital role in reducing malnutrition in hospitalised patients, and its provision is primarily a nurse’s role. Therefore, nurses need to have adequate knowledge and a positive attitude regarding EN. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) regarding enteral nutrition of nursing personnel at 1 Military Hospital and to determine the need for updated in-service training. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with an analytical component was used to collect data from military nurses through a validated self-administered questionnaire. A score of 80% and above was rated as adequate knowledge. Descriptive statistics were employed to describe the results and correlations were used to determine relationships between continuous variables. Results: In total, 207 (86.2% response rate) questionnaires were completed. The median knowledge score was 46.3% (mean 45.8 ± 13.7%, range 6.3–81.2%). Only one participant achieved the target score of ≥ 80%, and 16.3% scored ≥ 60%. No significant differences were found between knowledge and professional rank (p = 0.14) and knowledge and years of working experience (r = −0.01; p = 0.85). A positive attitude towards EN was found and 96.1% of participants expressed the need for additional in-service training. Conclusion: The nursing personnel have inadequate EN knowledge, irrespective of their professional rank and experience. However, they are perceived to have positive attitudes towards the importance and administration of EN. Therefore, in-service training should be conducted regularly to mitigate the gap in knowledge.
Asymptotics of Maximum Composite Likelihood Estimation for Geostatistical Data

Parameter estimation and inference in a geostatistical model is often made challenging due to the strong dependence between nearby observations. For large sample sizes, maximum likelihood estimation quickly becomes computationally expensive to perform, so other estimation approaches such as maximum composite likelihood estimation have been proposed as alternatives. In this thesis, we investigate the statistical and computational performance of maximum composite likelihood estimation relative to maximum likelihood estimation for the Gaussian exponential covariance model. As the main contribution of this work, we derive and analyse the exact closed-form expressions for the sandwich covariance matrix of various composite likelihoods in one-dimensional space. These new results are found under a hybrid asymptotic framework, which unifies the traditional expanding domain and infill frameworks seen in the geostatistical literature. We then demonstrate the practical implementation of maximum composite likelihood approaches for estimation and inference, as well as perform a data-motivated simulation study of their statistical performance in a two-dimensional setting with irregularly-spaced observations.
A survey on Short text analysis in Web

With the recent explosive growth of Short text in the Internet and blog-sphere, Short text classification and analysis has been identified as a booming research topic in recent times. Short text classification is a challenge due to its sparse nature, noise words, syntactical structure and colloquial terminologies used. It is usually difficult for traditional similarity measures to detect intrinsic relationship among Short text snippets as they contain very limited common words. Although there are several reviews done on Text classification in general, there are no systematic reviews on Short text classification and analysis. This survey discusses the existing works on Short text analysis and the related issues and challenges. The effectiveness of these algorithms have been analysed by using standard analytical measures.
Un análisis empírico de la práctica presupuestaria en las grandes empresa

espanolLas numerosas limitaciones atribuidas a lagestion presupuestaria tradicional, principalmente exteriorizadas desde en ambito profesional a lo largo de las dos ultmas decadas, ha dado paso a la propuesta de un nuevo marco presupuestario que defiende la idea de evolucionar hacia una practica presupuestaria mucho mas perfeccionada, adaptativa y descentralizada. Con el proposito de comprobar si esta maniobra evolutiva hacia este nuevo marco se viene materializando en la empresa, nos proponemos en este trabajo analizar empiricamente en que medida se han superado algunas de las principales deficiencias imputadas a la practica presupuestaria, aun hoy sometidas a evaluacion. Para alcanzar el objetivo propuesto, hemos trabajado con una muestra de 135 empresas de gran tamano localizadas en Espana, y hemos comparado la informacion obtenida con determinados indicadores de referencia extraidos de diferentes estudios previos de caracter internacional orientados a estudiar la practica presupuestaria empresarial. Los resultados logrados demuestran que aun hoy se siguen detectando ciertas insuficiencias en la practica presupuestaria, pero que en terminos generales, la superacion de algunas de las principales limitaciones atribuidas a la misma ponen de manifiesto una expresa intencion de por parte de las empresas de evolucion hacia un nuevo marco presupuestario mas acorde con las exigencias del actual contexto productivo EnglishThe numerous shortcomings attributed to the traditional budgeting, in particular voiced by professional over last two decades, have led to a new budgetary framework that supports the idea of moving towards a more flexible, adaptive and decentralized budgeting approach. In this paper, in order to check whether this change has resulted in the business world, we propose to analyze empirically what extent have been overcame the major of shortcomings attributed to the budgetary practice, still under evaluation. To achieve this goal, we have worked with a sample of 135 large companies located in Spain, and we have compared the information obtained with the specific benchmarks drawn from several previous international studies aimed at studying business budgeting practice. Results shows that even today are detected a large number of weaknesses in budgetary practice, but overall, overcoming of some major limitations attributed to the traditional budgeting approach, show the intention by the companies to evolve into a new budgetary framework consistent with the requirements of the real productive context.
The interplay of information structure and the placement of after and before

In this paper we show how information structure affects the text coherence for before/after-sentences in a discourse. We analyse information structure with respect to the question of how information is presented on the sentence level and how the presented information can be connected to the preceding discourse. In particular, we raise the question of when a preposed temporal clause is felicitous in a given discourse context. Since we are concerned with the subordinative temporal connectives before and after, two alternatives of presenting the meaning expressed are conceivable: either the temporal clause follows the main clause (e.g. (1)) (which is the unmarked case) or the temporal clause is preposed (e.g. (2)):