Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Irinotecan plus cisplatin therapy and S-1 plus cisplatin therapy for advanced or recurrent gastric cancer in a single institution.

BACKGROUND From the results of the JCOG9912 and SPIRITS trials, S-1 plus cisplatin (CDDP) therapy (SP) has been recognized as the standard chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer in Japan. However, in their subsets of patients with the target lesion, irinotecan (CPT-11) plus CDDP therapy (IP) resulted in longer survival than 5-fluorouracil alone while SP exhibited a survival similar to S-1 alone. The objective of this study was to clarify the safety and efficacy of these two regimens. METHODS Forty-four patients were treated with IP and 32 with SP between September 2002 and July 2006 at Shizuoka Cancer Center. In IP, 70 mg/m(2) CPT-11 was administered on Days 1 and 15, 80 mg/m(2) CDDP on Day 1, repeated every 4 weeks. In SP, 40-60 mg S-1 depending on the patient's body surface area was given orally twice daily for 21 days and 60 mg/m(2) CDDP intravenously on Day 8, repeated every 5 weeks. RESULTS The response rate, progression-free survival and median survival were 47% (17 of 36), 170 and 444 days in IP, and 80% (21 of 26), 235 and 469 days in SP. In patients with target lesions, those were 47%, 170 and 431 days in IP, and 80%, 235 and 442 days in SP. The incidence of Grade 3 or 4 toxicity was similar in both groups, but patient refusal of treatment was more frequent for IP than for SP. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a better efficacy and feasibility of SP than IP for advanced gastric cancer patients, with or without a target lesion.
The Primates of Park Avenue

Imagine a world where competitive parenting is ramped up to the level of an Olympic sport, where there's no sneaking the kids to school in a pair of battered leggings that you haven't changed since your early morning yoga class. we're talking about a world where a full hair salon appointment needs to be timed with contractions so you look good in the 'birth photographs'! No you have not wandered accidentally into some re-run of Dallas or a bizarre 'Real Housewives' event. this is the world author and anthropologist Wednesday Martin found herself in when she moved to the wilds of Park Avenue, New York.
Glucagon Like Peptide-1-Induced Glucose Metabolism in Differentiated Human Muscle Satellite Cells Is Attenuated by Hyperglycemia

Background Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreas but also has extra-pancreatic effects. GLP-1 may stimulate glucose uptake in cultured muscle cells but the mechanism is not clearly defined. Furthermore, while the pancreatic effects of GLP-1 are glucose-dependent, the glucose-dependency of its extra-pancreatic effects has not been examined. Methods Skeletal muscle satellite cells isolated from young (22.5±0.97 yr), lean (BMI 22.5±0.6 kg/m2), healthy males were differentiated in media containing either 22.5 mM (high) or 5 mM (normal) glucose for 7 days in the absence or presence of insulin and/or various GLP-1 concentrations. Myocellular effects of GLP-1, insulin and glucose were assessed by western-blot, glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis. Results We firstly show that the GLP-1 receptor protein is expressed in differentiated human muscle satellite cells (myocytes). Secondly, we show that in 5 mM glucose media, exposure of myocytes to GLP-1 results in a dose dependent increase in glucose uptake, GLUT4 amount and subsequently glycogen synthesis in a PI3K dependent manner, independent of the insulin signaling cascade. Importantly, we provide evidence that differentiation of human satellite cells in hyperglycemic (22.5 mM glucose) conditions increases GLUT1 expression, and renders the cells insulin resistant and interestingly GLP-1 resistant in terms of glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis. Hyperglycemic conditions did not affect the ability of insulin to phosphorylate downstream targets, PKB or GSK3. Interestingly we show that at 5 mM glucose, GLP-1 increases GLUT4 protein levels and that this effect is abolished by hyperglycemia. Conclusions GLP-1 increases glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis into fully-differentiated human satellite cells in a PI3-K dependent mechanism potentially through increased GLUT4 protein levels. The latter occurs independently of the insulin signaling pathway. Attenuation of both GLP-1 and insulin-induced glucose metabolism by hyperglycemia is likely to occur downstream of PI3K.
Teaching in hunter–gatherer infancy

A debate exists as to whether teaching is part of human nature and central to understanding culture or whether it is a recent invention of Western, Educated, Industrial, Rich, Democratic cultures. Some social–cultural anthropologists and cultural psychologists indicate teaching is rare in small-scale cultures while cognitive psychologists and evolutionary biologists indicate it is universal and key to understanding human culture. This study addresses the following questions: Does teaching of infants exist in hunter–gatherers? If teaching occurs in infancy, what skills or knowledge is transmitted by this process, how often does it occur and who is teaching? The study focuses on late infancy because cognitive psychologists indicate that one form of teaching, called natural pedagogy, emerges at this age. Videotapes of Aka hunter–gatherer infants were used to evaluate whether or not teaching exists among Aka hunter–gatherers of central Africa. The study finds evidence of multiple forms of teaching, including natural pedagogy, that are used to enhance learning of a variety of skills and knowledge.
Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 Cfr Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 12-month Finding on a Petition to List the American Pika as Threatened or Endangered Background

contains documents other than rules or proposed rules that are applicable to the public. Notices of hearings and investigations, committee meetings, agency decisions and rulings, delegations of authority, filing of petitions and applications and agency statements of organization and functions are examples of documents appearing in this section. Wildlife Service (Service), announce a 12-month finding on a petition to list the American pika (Ochotona princeps) as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. After review of all available scientific and commercial information, we find that listing the American pika, at the species level or any of the five recognized subspecies (O. p. princeps, O. p. saxatilis, O. p. fenisex, O. p. schisticeps, and O. p. uinta), is not warranted at this time. However, we ask the public to submit to us any new information that becomes available concerning the threats to the American pika, the five subspecies, or its habitat at any time. DATES: The finding announced in this document was made on [insert date of Federal Register publication]. 84119. Please submit any new information, materials, comments, or questions concerning this finding to the above address. Ecological Services Field Office (see ADDRESSES); by telephone at 801-975-3330; or by facsimile at 801-975-3331. Persons who use a telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD) may call the Federal Information Relay Service (FIRS) at 800-877-8339.
Adaptive HyperMan : A Customizable Hypertext System for Reference Manuals

We are interested in facilitating information access from large volume of reference information contained in technical and operational manuals. When a large volume of information is used on an everyday basis to perform one's job, the problem for users is to build and maintain an accurate cognitive model of the information in order to access it quickly. The problem is not to perform a search to discover new information, since they have already learned the information during their training. We have developed an adaptive hypertext system to help Space Shuttle flight controllers access operations documents in mission control center. We describe this intelligent system, called Adaptive HyperMan, which lets users incorporate their representation of the content and organization of documents over time. It provides sophisticated annotations and hyperlinking capabilities to end-users, and integrates an adaptive indexing and retrieval engine for managing annotations. This novel feature lets users assign topics to annotations, retrieve annotations by topics, and provide relevance feedback over time. Besides memorizing user inputs, the indexing engine also learns to generalize user inputs in order to facilitate retrieval from similar topics. We describe the Adaptive HyperMan system, then show how it provides a virtual "goody book" facility to flight controllers, and supports collaborative work.
Youth as Interviewers: Methods and Findings of Participatory Peer Interviews in a Youth Garden Project

The process of conducting peer interviews has not been widely reported on as a participatory method. Youth gardens are known to support individual and community health and well-being. Producing for the Future utilized the principles of community-based participatory research within a gardening and microenterprise program for low-income youth. In addition to several mixed-methods data collection techniques, a process was implemented in which youth participants designed, conducted, and debriefed peer interviews in order to address their own questions about program impacts. Participants in the peer interview process observed four emergent themes, which were not identified elsewhere in the data, focusing on individual outcomes and the successes and challenges of implementation within unique community settings. A methodological discussion of the process of peer interviewing within a participatory research project is presented. Researchers found that the benefits of the peer interview process included high levels of youth engagement in research, shared learning and new ideas generated by youth, and building youth capacity for critical social awareness. Researchers present lessons learned from the peer interviewing process, as well as implications for using peer interviewing in future participatory research and evaluation projects.
Governing the entrepreneurial mindset: Business students’ constructions of entrepreneurial subjectivity

Promoting entrepreneurship education to develop the entrepreneurial competences and mindsets of citizens has become an important mission on the supranational educational policy agenda. This endeavour constructs the ideal of a self-guided entrepreneurial subject who is active, adaptable and capable of tolerating uncertainty. Using the theorizations of governmentality, we attempt to discover in this study how entrepreneurial subjectivity is being constructed and negotiated among university-level business students. The data consist of the writing assignments of a group of students (N = 24) enrolled in entrepreneurship studies in a Finnish university. The findings illustrate how entrepreneurial discourse, as a culturally appropriate manner to express oneself as a self-disciplined and self-governed subject, is adopted by students and reproduced in the practices of entrepreneurship education. We suggest that among educators the aim to educate entrepreneurial subjects should be recognised as a political, moral and, hence, negotiable objective, rather than as a value-neutral or imperative goal.
Bayesian estimation of dynamic systems function expansions

Orthonormal function expansions have been used extensively in the context of linear and nonlinear systems identification, since they result in a significant reduction in the number of required free parameters. In particular, Laguerre basis expansions have been used in the context of biological/physiological systems identification, due to the exponential decaying characteristics of the Laguerre orthonormal basis, the rate of which is determined by the Laguerre parameter α. A critical aspect of the Laguerre expansion technique is the selection of the model structural parameters, i.e., polynomial model order for nonlinear systems, number of Laguerre functions and value of the Laguerre parameter α. This selection is typically made by trial-and-error procedures on the basis of the model prediction error. In the present paper, we formulate the Laguerre expansion technique in a Bayesian framework. Based on this formulation, we derive analytically the posterior distribution of the α parameter and the model evidence, in order to perform model order selection. We also demonstrate the performance of the proposed method by simulated examples and compare it to alternative statistical criteria for model order selection.
International Differences in the Links between Obesity and Physiological Dysregulation: The United States, England, and Taiwan

Excess weight has generally been associated with adverse health outcomes; however, the link between overweight and health outcomes may vary with socioeconomic, cultural, and epidemiological conditions. We examine associations of weight with indicators of biological risk in three nationally representative populations: the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, and the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study in Taiwan. Indicators of biological risk were compared for obese (defined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference) and normal weight individuals aged 54+. Generally, obesity in England was associated with elevated risk for more markers examined; obese Americans also had elevated risks except that they did not have elevated blood pressure (BP). Including waist circumference in our consideration of BMI indicated different links between obesity and waist size across countries; we found higher physiological dysregulation among those with high waist but normal BMI compared to those with normal waist and normal BMI. Americans had the highest levels of biological risk in all weight/waist groups. Cross-country variation in biological risk associated with obesity may reflect differences in health behaviors, lifestyle, medication use, and culture.
Introduction: Identity, Transdisciplinarity, and the Good Language Teacher

What constitutes a 'good teacher' and 'good teaching' has come under much scrutiny in an age of globalization, transnationalism, and increased demands for accountability. It is against this evolving landscape and the pathbreaking work of the Douglas Fir Group (DFG, 2016) that this special issue engages the following two broad questions: (a) In what ways is language teaching 'identity work'? and (b) To what extent does a transdisciplinary approach to language learning and teaching offer insight into language teacher identity? We begin this Introduction with a discussion on identity research in second language acquisition and applied linguistics, and then address innovations in language teacher identity research, exploring how this work has been advanced methodologically through narratives, discourse analysis, and an ethical consideration of research practices. We then consider how the transdisciplinary framework of the DFG, and its focus on macro, meso, and micro dimensions of language learning at the ideological, institutional, and classroom levels, respectively, might contribute to our understanding of language teacher identity. In the final section, we argue that the host of complementary theories adopted by the six contributors supports the view that a transdisciplinary approach to language teacher identity is both productive and desirable. Further, the contributors advance the language teacher identity research agenda by taking into consideration (a) how teacher identity intersects with the multilingual (Higgins and Ponte) and translingual (Zheng) realities of contemporary classrooms, (b) the investment of teachers in developing the semiotic repertoires of learners (Stranger-Johannessen and Norton) and a socially inclusive learning environment (Barkhuizen), and (c) the emotions (Wolff and De Costa) and ethical practices (Miller, Morgan, and Medina) of teachers. Central to all articles in this special issue is the need to recognize the rich linguistic and personal histories that language teachers bring into the classroom in order to promote effective language learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Target shape dependence in a simple model of receptor-mediated endocytosis and phagocytosis

Significance Most previous work on endocytosis (the way cells ingest particles) has focused on engulfment of spherical targets. However, this is rarely relevant outside the laboratory, where cells must engulf a huge variety of target shapes, from capped cylinders (like many bacteria) to hourglasses (such as dividing cells). Here, we map this problem to the well-studied physics problem of the freezing of water. This allows us to study a wide range of different, biologically relevant shapes. In particular, for the first time, to our knowledge, it allows us to examine the orientation dependence of phagocytosis, to explain the shape dependence of phagocytosis and receptor-meditated endocytosis, and to explain why nonspherical targets often engulf faster when the most highly-curved tip is engulfed first. Phagocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis are vitally important particle uptake mechanisms in many cell types, ranging from single-cell organisms to immune cells. In both processes, engulfment by the cell depends critically on both particle shape and orientation. However, most previous theoretical work has focused only on spherical particles and hence disregards the wide-ranging particle shapes occurring in nature, such as those of bacteria. Here, by implementing a simple model in one and two dimensions, we compare and contrast receptor-mediated endocytosis and phagocytosis for a range of biologically relevant shapes, including spheres, ellipsoids, capped cylinders, and hourglasses. We find a whole range of different engulfment behaviors with some ellipsoids engulfing faster than spheres, and that phagocytosis is able to engulf a greater range of target shapes than other types of endocytosis. Further, the 2D model can explain why some nonspherical particles engulf fastest (not at all) when presented to the membrane tip-first (lying flat). Our work reveals how some bacteria may avoid being internalized simply because of their shape, and suggests shapes for optimal drug delivery.
Analysis of Several 2:1 Multiplexer Circuits at 90nm and 45nm Technologies

The increasing prominence of portable system and the need of limit power consumption in very high density VLSI chip have led to rapid and innovative development in low-power design during the recent years. A multiplexer, sometimes referred to as a "MUX", is a device that selects between a numbers of input signals. This paper represents the simulation of different 2:1 MUX configurations and their comparative analysis on different parameters such as Power Supply Voltage, Operating Frequency and Temperature etc.
On Carlitz Compositions

This paper deals with Carlitz compositions of natural numbers (adjacent parts have to be different). The following parameters are analysed: number of parts, number of equal adjacent parts in ordinary compositions, largest part, Carlitz compositions with zeros allowed (correcting an erroneous formula from Carlitz). It is also briefly demonstrated that so-called 1-compositions of a natural number can be treated in a similar style.
Using the Instructional Beliefs Model to Examine Instructional Feedback in the Classroom

Using the Instructional Beliefs Model to Examine Instructional Feedback in the Classroom Melissa F. Tindage The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the role that instructional feedback plays in student engagement using Weber, Martin, and Myers’s (2001) Instructional Beliefs Model (IBM). The proposed IBM for this dissertation included first-order constructs (i.e., instructional feedback, course workload, course difficulty, and students’ feedback orientation), a second-order construct (i.e., feedback self-efficacy), and a third-order construct (i.e., student engagement). As hypothesized, instructional feedback (i.e., developmental, fairness) is positively associated with feedback self-efficacy, while course workload and course difficulty are negatively associated with feedback selfefficacy. However, only two dimensions of students’ feedback orientation (i.e., utility, retention) were positively associated with feedback self-efficacy. Overall, in regard to the hypothesized relationships with student engagement, instructional feedback, students’ feedback orientation, and feedback self-efficacy were positively associated with student engagement. Course workload and course difficulty were negatively associated with student engagement. Furthermore, students’ feedback self-efficacy does not indirectly affect the relationship between instructional feedback, course workload, course difficulty, students’ feedback orientation, and student engagement. The results were discussed in light of research on instructional feedback, self-efficacy, and student engagement. These findings should be taken with caution due to three limitations: measurement error, the data collection procedures, and the theoretical framework.
The constrained via minimization problem for PCB and VLSI design

A novel via minimization approach is presented for two-layer routing of printed-circuit boards and VLSI chips. The authors have analyzed and characterized different aspects of the problem and derived an equivalent graph model for the problem from the linear-programming formulation. Based on the analysis of their unified formulation, the authors pose a practical heuristic algorithm. The algorithm can handle both grid-based and gridless routing. Also, an arbitrary number of wires is allowed to intersect at a via, and both Manhattan and knock-knee routings are allowed. <<ETX>>
Towards a Home Application Server

The emergence of smart devices, especially in the home context, will change the way we interact with our environment. However, implementing and maintaining home-control applications is still far from easy. This paper discusses the difficulties encountered during the development of a home gateway. It then introduces a framework that sets the basics of a home application server and allows an easy development of home applications. An implementation is subsequently presented to validate the approach and its benefits.
Multi-label Semi-supervised Classification Applied to Personality Prediction in Tweets

Social media allow web surfers to produce and share content about different subjects, exposing their activities, opinions, feelings and thoughts. In this context, online social media has attracted the interest of data analysis researchers seeking to infer behaviors and trends, besides creating statistics involving social sites. A possible research involving these data is known as personality analysis, which aims to understand the user's behavior in a social media. Thus, this paper uses machine learning techniques to predict personality traits in groups of tweets. In traditional approaches of personality prediction the analysis is made in the users' profiles and their tweets. However, in this paper the approach arises from the fact that the personality analysis is performed in groups of tweets. The prediction is based on the Big Five Model, also called Five Factor Model, which divides personality traits into five dimensions and uses linguistic information to identify these traits. This paper uses TV shows from Brazilian stations for benchmarking. The system achieved an average accuracy of 84%.