Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monitoring feedback-controlled processes using adaptive T 2 schemes

The integration of engineering process control (EPC) and statistical process control (SPC) has drawn wide attention because of its capability to minimize long-term process variation and improve product quality. However, dynamic shift patterns are usually observed when feedback-control loops exist, which consequently lead to poor charting performance. In this paper, the dynamic patterns in mean shifts of proportional integral (PI) controlled and minimum mean square error (MMSE) controlled processes are formulated and analysed. In conjunction with a model-free forecasting algorithm, an adaptive T 2 charting procedure is applied to improve detection power. This adaptive procedure is constructed upon the uniformly most powerful (UMP) unbiased test with the consideration of time-varying patterns. Monte Carlo simulations have shown that the proposed strategy possesses significantly improved detection sensitivity over intended shift ranges.
Cross-language and Cross-encyclopedia Article Linking Using Mixed-language Topic Model and Hypernym Translation

Creating cross-language article links among different online encyclopedias is now an important task in the unification of multilingual knowledge bases. In this paper, we propose a cross-language article linking method using a mixed-language topic model and hypernym translation features based on an SVM model to link English Wikipedia and Chinese Baidu Baike, the most widely used Wiki-like encyclopedia in China. To evaluate our approach, we compile a data set from the top 500 Baidu Baike articles and their corresponding English Wiki articles. The evaluation results show that our approach achieves 80.95% in MRR and 87.46% in recall. Our method does not heavily depend on linguistic characteristics and can be easily extended to generate crosslanguage article links among different online encyclopedias in other languages.
DNA damage signaling induced by the G-quadruplex ligand 12459 is modulated by PPM1D/WIP1 phosphatase

The triazine derivative 12459 is a potent G-quadruplex ligand that triggers apoptosis or delayed growth arrest, telomere shortening and G-overhang degradation, as a function of its concentration and time exposure to the cells. We have investigated here the DNA damage response induced by 12459 in A549 cells. Submicromolar concentrations of 12459 triggers a delayed Chk1-ATR–mediated DNA damage response associated with a telomeric dysfunction and a G2/M arrest. Surprisingly, increasing concentrations of 12459 leading to cell apoptosis induced a mechanism that bypasses the DNA damage signaling and leads to the dephosphorylation of Chk1 and γ-H2AX. We identified the phosphatase Protein Phosphatase Magnesium dependent 1D/Wild-type P53-Induced Phosphatase (PPM1D/WIP1) as a factor responsible for this dephosphorylation. SiRNA-mediated depletion of PPM1D/WIP1 reactivates the DNA damage signaling by 12459. In addition, PPM1D/WIP1 is activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by 12459. ROS generated by 12459 are sufficient to trigger an early DNA damage in A549 cells when PPM1D/WIP1 is depleted. However, ROS inactivation by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) treatment does not change the apoptotic response induced by 12459. Because PPM1D expression was recently reported to modulate the recruitment of DNA repair molecules, our data would suggest a cycle of futile protection against 12459, thus leading to a delayed mechanism of cell death.
Soft Decoding for Vector Quantization Over Noisy Channels with Memory

We provide a general treatment of optimal soft decoding for vector quantization over noisy channels with finite memory. The main result is a recursive implementation of optimal decoding. We also consider an approach to suboptimal decoding, of lower complexity, being based on a generalization of the Viterbi algorithm. Finally, we treat the problem of combined encoder-decoder design. Simulations compare the new decoders to a decision-based approach that uses Viterbi detection plus table lookup decoding. Optimal soft decoding significantly outperforms the benchmark decoder. The introduced suboptimal decoder is able to perform close to the optimal and to outperform the benchmark scheme at a comparable complexity.
Divergent evolution during an experimental adaptive radiation

How repeatable a process is evolution? Comparative studies of multicellular eukaryotes and experimental studies with unicellular prokaryotes document the repeated evolution of adaptive phenotypes during similar adaptive radiations, suggesting that the outcome of adaptive radiation is broadly reproducible. The goal of this study was to test this hypothesis by using phenotypic traits to infer the genetic basis of adaptation to simple carbon–limited environments in an extensive adaptive radiation. We used a clone of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens to found two sets of experimental lines. The first set of lines was allowed to adapt to one of 23 novel environments for 1100 generations while the second set of lines was allowed to accumulate mutations by drift for 2000 generations. All lines were then assayed in the 95 environments provided by Biolog microplates to determine the phenotypic consequences of selection and drift. Replicate selection lines propagated in a common environment evolved similar adaptive components of their phenotype but showed extensive variation in non–adaptive phenotypic traits. This variation in non–adaptive phenotypic traits primarily resulted from the ascendance of different beneficial mutations in different lines. We argue that these results reconcile experimental and comparative approaches to studying adaptation by demonstrating that the convergent phenotypic evolution that occurs during adaptive radiation may be associated with radically different sets of beneficial mutations.
Non-Gaussian density fluctuations from entropically generated curvature perturbations in ekpyrotic models

We analyze the non-Gaussian density perturbations generated in ekpyrotic/cyclic models based on heterotic M theory. In this picture, two scalar fields produce nearly scale-invariant entropic perturbations during an ekpyrotic phase that are converted into curvature modes after the ekpyrotic phase is complete and just before the big bang. Both intrinsic nonlinearity in the entropy perturbation and the conversion process contribute to non-Gaussianity. The range of the non-Gaussianity parameter f{sub NL} depends on how gradual the conversion process is and the steepness of the scalar field potential during the ekpyrotic phase. Although a wider range is possible, in principle, natural values of the ekpyrotic parameters combined with a gradual conversion process lead to values of -50 < or approx. f{sub NL} < or approx. +200, typically much greater than slow-roll inflation but within the current observational bounds.
Analyst Forecast Consistency

We show empirically that analysts who display more consistent forecast errors have greater ability to affect prices, and that this effect is larger than that of stated accuracy. These results lead to three implications. First, consistent analysts are less likely to be demoted and are more likely to be nominated All Star analysts. Second, analysts strategically deliver downward-biased forecasts to increase their consistency (if at the expense of stated accuracy). Finally, the benefits of consistency and of “lowballing” (accuracy) are increasing (decreasing) in institutional investors’ presence.
Effect of Complementary Product Fit and Brand Awareness on Brand Attitude After M&As: Word of Mouth as a Moderator

The main purpose of this study was to examine how complementary product fit and awareness influence brand attitude after Mergers and acquisitions (M&As). The study also examined the moderating effect of word of mouth. A survey was conducted with 411 respondents (162 males and 249 females), who completed a questionnaire in Chinese. The results indicated that brand awareness had a positive influence on brand attitude. Regarding the product fit effect, the product fit did not show any significant effect on brand attitude. The results also indicated that WOM had a significant influence on product fit and brand awareness. A few studies have evaluated the effect of brand awareness, product fit and WOM on brand attitude after M&A. The contribution of this research is to help managers understand the potential effects of brand awareness and WOM on the acquirerâ€™s image
Large Topographic Rises on Venus: Implications for Mantle

Topographic rises on Venus have been identified that are interpreted to be the surface manifestation of mantle upwellings. These features are classified into groups based on their dominant morphology. Atla and Beta Regiones are classified as rift-dominated, Dione, western Eistla, Bell, and Imdr Regiones as volcano-dominated, and Themis, eastern Eistla, and central Eistla Regiones as corona-dominated. At several topographic rises, geologic indicators were identified that may provide evidence of uplifted topography (e.g., volcanic flow features trending upslope). We assessed the minimum contribution of volcanic construction to the topography of each rise, which in general represents less than 5% of the volume of the rise, similar to the volumes of edifices at terrestrial hotspot swells. The total melt volume at each rise is approximated to be 104-106 km3. The variations in morphology, topography, and gravity signatures at topographic rises are not interpreted to indicate variations in stage of evolution of a mantle upwelling. Instead, the morphologic variations between the three classes of topographic rises are interpreted to indicate the varying influences of lithospheric structure, plume characteristics, and regional tectonic environment. Within each class, variations in topography, gravity, and amount of volcanism may be indicative of differing stages of evolution. The similarity between swell and volcanic volumes for terrestrial and Venusian hotspots implies comparable time-integrated plume strengths for individual upwellings on the two planets.
Analog-type millimeter-wave phase shifters based on MEMS tunable high-impedance surface and dielectric rod waveguide

Millimeter-wave phase shifters are important components for a wide scope of applications. An analog-type phase shifter for W-band has been designed, analyzed, fabricated, and measured. The phase shifter consists of a reconfigurable high-impedance surface (HIS) controlled by micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) varactors and placed adjacent to a silicon dielectric rod waveguide. The analog-type phase shift in the range of 0–32° is observed at 75 GHz whereas applying bias voltage from 0 to 40 V to the MEMS varactors. The insertion loss of the MEMS tunable HIS is between 1.7 and 5 dB, depending on the frequency.
Detecting real life anger

Acoustic anger detection in voice portals can help to enhance human computer interaction. A comprehensive voice portal data collection has been carried out and gives new insight on the nature of real life data. Manual labeling revealed a high percentage of non-classifiable data. Experiments with a statistical classifier indicate that, in contrast to pitch and energy related features, duration measures do not play an important role for this data while cepstral information does. Also in a direct comparison between Gaussian Mixture Models and Support Vector Machines the latter gave better results.
Molecular polymorphism of lumican during corneal development.

PURPOSE To evaluate the expression of lumican and decorin, the major proteoglycans of the adult corneal stroma, during the acquisition of corneal transparency in developing chick embryos. METHODS mRNA levels of decorin and lumican were measured in total RNA extracted from corneas of days 9 to 18 of development by Northern blot analysis using a 32P-labeled cDNA clone to each proteoglycan. The synthesis lumican and decorin precursor proteins were determined by biosynthetically radiolabeling corneas from day 7 to 18 chick embryos with 35S-methionine, and then using antibodies specific for lumican and decorin core proteins to precipitate the radiolabeled precursor proteins. The accumulation of lumican and decorin was determined by fractionating extracts of day 7 to 18 embryonic corneas by DEAE chromatography into glycoprotein and proteoglycan fractions, and then analyzing each fraction by Western blot using antibodies to lumican and decorin. RESULTS Lumican and decorin mRNA increased from day 9 to day 18, with respect to beta-actin. The rate of decorin precursor protein synthesis remained relatively low and constant throughout development, but lumican precursor protein synthesis increased dramatically between days 7 and 9 of embryonic development, to a value 80-fold higher than that of decorin, and then decreased exponentially through day 18. Lumican with polylactosamine (nonsulfated keratan sulfate) side chains was detected in extracts of corneas as early as day 7 of embryonic development, and continued to accumulate within the cornea through day 18. Decorin and lumican with sulfated glycosaminoglycan side chains (ie, proteoglycans), however, were not detected in corneal extracts until day 15, when transparency starts to increase, and then accumulated considerably within the cornea by day 18. CONCLUSIONS The results of these studies suggest that decorin and lumican expression are independently regulated during the period of acquisition of corneal transparency. The switch in production of the polylactosamine form of lumican to the proteoglycan form of lumican at the onset of increasing corneal transparency suggests that the sulfation of lumican may be important for the development of corneal transparency.
The Relationship Between Geometric Shape and Slope for the Representation of a Goal Location in Pigeons (Columba livia)

Verner Bingman, Advisor The ability to use the geometric shape of the environment to orient in space and locate a goal has been shown in many vertebrate groups. Experimentally, however, spatial tasks are typically carried out on a horizontal surface. The present study explored the importance of the vertical dimension for representing a goal location and how solving a geometry task is affected by the presence of a vertical component in the environment. In a reference memory task, pigeons were trained to find a goal in an acute corner of an isosceles trapezoid arena, which could be placed on a flat or on an inclined surface. In Experiment 1, learning the task on a slope proceeded more rapidly than on a flat surface, presumably because of the additional kinesthetic, vestibular and visual information extractable from the inclined surface. Although the geometric shape of the arena was encoded, pigeons trained on a slope were almost exclusively relying on a goal representation based on the vertical and orthogonal axes of the slope to solve the task. In Experiment 2, pigeons learned the geometric shape of the arena at a similar pace whether training occurred on a slope or not, indicating a lack of cue competition between slope and shape geometry. In Experiment 3, pigeons were trained with three different orientations of the arena on the slope. Subjects encoded the shape of the environment; however, when tested in a novel arena orientation, pigeons did not generalize what they learned and did not choose the geometric correct corner. Surprisingly, however, they made systematic errors to the other acute, mirror image corner. It is hypothesized that this
Spectrum Decision in Wireless Sensor Networks Employing Machine Learning

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) employ ISM spectrum bands for communication, which are overloaded due to various technologies such as WLANs and other WSNs. Therefore, such networks must employ intelligent methods such as Cognitive Radio to coexist with other networks. This study evaluates the use of Supervised Machine Learning (ML) for channel selection in WSNs, considering the channel quality and communication metrics. The methods were evaluated experimentally and compared with energy-based methods. The results show that ML-based methods increase the communication performance by reducing the number of transmission attempts and therefore also reducing the delivery delay.
Fifty years of self-assembly experimentation

In this paper, we review half a century of research on the design of systems displaying (physical) self-assembly of macroscopic components. We report on the experience gained in the study of 22 such systems, exhibiting components ranging from passive mechanical parts to mobile robots.We discuss the systems with regard to physical and electrical design characteristics, outcome and analysis of self-assembly experimentation, process control, and functionality
Planar Interconnect Technology for Power Module System Integration

The recent developments in power semiconductor devices and increasing demands on reliability as well as on operation performance require innovative package technologies. Such a novel package technique based on a Planar Interconnect Technology (SiPLIT®) for power modules is introduced in this work. This package features thick Cu interconnects on a high-reliable insulating film for power semiconductor chip top contacts. Due to the conductor structure and contact technology, on-resistance and stray inductances are very low compared to state-of-the-art Al wire bonds. In addition, large area contacting improves the power cycling capability and surge current robustness significantly. These remarkable properties have been verified on several prototype modules where the manufacturing process has also been optimised in terms of cost-effectiveness, system integration and maturity for series production.
The Beta-Amyloid Protein of Alzheimer's Disease: Communication Breakdown by Modifying the Neuronal Cytoskeleton

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent severe neurological disorders afflicting our aged population. Cognitive decline, a major symptom exhibited by AD patients, is associated with neuritic dystrophy, a degenerative growth state of neurites. The molecular mechanisms governing neuritic dystrophy remain unclear. Mounting evidence indicates that the AD-causative agent, β-amyloid protein (Aβ), induces neuritic dystrophy. Indeed, neuritic dystrophy is commonly found decorating Aβ-rich amyloid plaques (APs) in the AD brain. Furthermore, disruption and degeneration of the neuronal microtubule system in neurons forming dystrophic neurites may occur as a consequence of Aβ-mediated downstream signaling. This review defines potential molecular pathways, which may be modulated subsequent to Aβ-dependent interactions with the neuronal membrane as a consequence of increasing amyloid burden in the brain.
Tuberculosis and Indoor Biomass and Kerosene Use in Nepal: A Case–Control Study

Background In Nepal, tuberculosis (TB) is a major problem. Worldwide, six previous epidemiologic studies have investigated whether indoor cooking with biomass fuel such as wood or agricultural wastes is associated with TB with inconsistent results. Objectives Using detailed information on potential confounders, we investigated the associations between TB and the use of biomass and kerosene fuels. Methods A hospital-based case–control study was conducted in Pokhara, Nepal. Cases (n = 125) were women, 20–65 years old, with a confirmed diagnosis of TB. Age-matched controls (n = 250) were female patients without TB. Detailed exposure histories were collected with a standardized questionnaire. Results Compared with using a clean-burning fuel stove (liquefied petroleum gas, biogas), the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for using a biomass-fuel stove was 1.21 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.48–3.05], whereas use of a kerosene-fuel stove had an OR of 3.36 (95% CI, 1.01–11.22). The OR for use of biomass fuel for heating was 3.45 (95% CI, 1.44–8.27) and for use of kerosene lamps for lighting was 9.43 (95% CI, 1.45–61.32). Conclusions This study provides evidence that the use of indoor biomass fuel, particularly as a source of heating, is associated with TB in women. It also provides the first evidence that using kerosene stoves and wick lamps is associated with TB. These associations require confirmation in other studies. If using kerosene lamps is a risk factor for TB, it would provide strong justification for promoting clean lighting sources, such as solar lamps.
Traffic Classification with Sampled NetFlow

Application identification in network traffic has recently become a hard challenge for network operators. In this paper, we face this problem with Sampled NetFlow data, which is an extended scenario but scarcely investigated. We present an application identification method that, although being slightly less accurate (≈90%) than previous packetbased methods, can be applied using only NetFlow v5 features. We also present a Machine Learning process that does not rely on any human intervention and study the impact of traffic sampling on the accuracy of our classification method.
Sharing Expertise: Challenges for Technical Support

Introduction Knowledge is an important resource in economy these days. It is typically distributed among different actors and embodied in various artefacts (cf. on the level of national economies as well as on the level of an individual organizations, it is important to find innovative ways to stimulate learning by sharing knowledge among humans. There are mainly two-often intertwined-ways on how to share knowledge. On the direct way, human actors of different kinds of expertise can communicate and help each other to construct new knowledge. On the second, mediated way, the actors with a higher level of expertise can create artifacts, that may initiate and facilitate knowledge construction processes of others. Humans in need for learning usually face the problem of either finding the appropriate material or the right expert. For tackling these problems, networked computer applications can play an important role. They can support the finding of and the communication with a dislocated expert as well as allow the creation of artefacts, which represent and give access to information with the aim of stimulating learning. Within the field of CSCW, learning processes in organizations have been studied both empirically and also with regard to the design of information systems (cf. is an early approach which tries to bridge the gap between the sharing of learning material and the search for experts. In this chapter we challenge certain assumptions on which computer support in knowledge and expertise sharing is typically based. We look at two companies that represent opposite ends of the organizational spectrum and show how their work practices prevent the assembly and sharing of knowledge that is key to the company. Our first case study looks at a traditional industrial firm whose physical infrastructure has been maintained for a century. The division of labor involved in plant maintenance within this firm ensures that a comprehensive databank of maintenance documentation would be opposed to the individual interests of most of the involved employees. A second case study looks at a progressive network of high-powered consultants, collaborating virtually. There, a key knowledge domain involves the distribution of expertise, so that the right people can be connected with potential