Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantification of the contribution of equatorial Kelvin waves to the QBO wind reversal in the stratosphere

Both global scale waves (e.g., Kelvin, equatorial Rossby, or Rossby‐gravity waves) and mesoscale gravity waves contribute to the wind reversals of the quasi biennial oscillation (QBO). The relative contributions of the different wave types are highly uncertain. In our work we quantify the contribution of equatorial Kelvin waves to the reversal from stratospheric easterlies to westerlies averaged over two QBO cycles in the period 2002–2006. Our analysis is based on longitude‐time spectra of temperatures measured by the SABER satellite instrument, as well as temperatures from ECMWF operational analyses. Kelvin waves of zonal wavenumber 1–6 and periods longer than 2.5 days are covered. It is found that the contribution of Kelvin waves is about 30–50% of the observed wind reversal and only 20–35% of the expected total wave forcing. The larger part of the wave forcing therefore has to be contributed by other waves, likely mesoscale gravity waves.
Fast Location Opposite Update Scheme for Minimizing Handover Latency over Wireless / Mobile Networks

Mobile IP (Internet Protocol) allows a mobile node to send and receive packets with its home IP address, regardless of the IP address of its current point of attachment in the Internet. Since Mobile IP induces the handover latency due to mobility management operations, fast handover algorithms have been studied to reduce the latency. In this paper, we optimize the handover procedure in Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) scheme using reverse Binding mechanism. We will explain and discuss the scheme that supports a fast handover effectively in standard Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6 by optimizing the associated data and the flow of the signal during handover. A new signaling messages, Fast Packet Binding Update (PBU), and Reverse PBU, are defined and utilized to hasten the handover procedure.
Bioinformatics Original Paper Identification of Humoral Immune Responses in Protein Microarrays Using Dna Microarray Data Analysis Techniques

Motivation: We present a study of antigen expression signals from a newly developed high-throughput protein microarray technique. These signals are a measure of antibody–antigen binding activity and provide a basis for understanding humoral immune responses to various infectious agents and supporting vaccine and diagnostic development. Results: We investigate the characteristics of these expression profiles and show that noise models, normalization, variance estimation and differential expression analysis techniques developed in the context of DNA microarray analysis can be adapted and applied to these protein arrays. Using a high-dimensional dataset containing measurements of expression profiles of antibody reactivity against each protein (295 antigens and 9 controls) in 42 malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) protein arrays derived from 22 donors with various clinical presentations of malaria, we present a methodology for the analysis and identification of significantly expressed antigens targeted by immune responses for individual sera, groups of sera and across stages of infection. We also conduct a short study highlighting the top immunoreactive antigens where we identify three novel high priority antigens for future evaluation. Availability: All software programs (in R) used for the analysis described in this paper are freely available for academic purposes at
BDNF and CGRP interaction: Implications in migraine susceptibility

Objectives: Migraine pathophysiology involves several pathways. Our aims were to explore a possible role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) in migraine susceptibility; to study, for the first time, the calcitonin gene-related peptide gene (CGRP); and a possible interaction between the two. Methods: Using a case-control approach, four tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs7124442, rs6265, rs11030107, and rs2049046) of BDNF and one tagging SNP—rs1553005—of CGRP were analyzed in 188 cases and 287 controls. A multivariable logistic regression was performed, adjusting for gender. Allelic and haplotypic frequencies were estimated. Interaction was assessed by a stepwise multivariable-logistic regression and confirmed by a multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis. Results: No significant main effects were found; however, a significant interaction was found between BDNF and CGRP, showing an increased risk for the AT-genotype of rs2049046 and the GC-genotype of rs1553005 (odds ratio = 1.88, 95% confidence interval: 1.20–2.93) for migraineurs. Conclusion: Our data support the hypothesis of an interaction between BDNF and CGRP in migraine susceptibility that should be further explored.
Scale dependence of the bias investigated by weak lensing

The statistical analysis of the lensing effects cou- pled with the statistical analysis of the number counts is a tool to probe directly the relation between the mass and the light. In particular, some properties of the bias parameter can be investi- gated. The correlation between the shear of a given population of galaxies, and the number counts of a different population of galaxies along the same line of sight is calculated for the linear and the non-linear power spectra of density fluctuations for dif- ferent cosmologies. The estimator R defined as the ratio of this correlation and the variance of the number counts is inversely proportional to the bias parameter. The signal-to-noise ratio of R shows a significant decrease in the non-linear regime where the number of galaxies per smoothing area is small. At these scales, the noise is dominated by the intrinsic ellipticities of the galaxies and by the shot noise, the cosmic variance playing a minor role. Hence, only galaxy samples larger than one square degree may allow a precise determination of R. Unfortunately, R is highly dependent on the cosmological model, which makes a direct measure of the bias quite difficult. However, it is showed that Rb is independent on the power spectrum and the smooth- ing scale, thus R is a direct measure of the inverse of the bias times a function of the cosmological parameters. From R ,an ew estimator R is defined which is only sensible to the scale depen- dence of the bias. It is showed that with a sample of 25 square degrees, one can measure a scale variation of the bias larger than 20% in the 1 0 to 10 0 scale range, almost independently of the cosmological parameters, the redshift distribution of the galax- ies, and the power spectrum, which affect the estimate of the variation of b from R by less than 2%.
EFFECT OF COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT AT THE PLANNING PHASE ON PROJECT SUSTAINABILITY IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY

The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of community engagement at different project phases on projects sustainability. To achieve this, the study specifically investigated the effect of engaging the community during the planning, implementation and monitoring and evaluation phases of project management towards achieving sustainability. Data was collected from 200 different people who had been involved with JKUAT sponsored community projects. This represented 10% of the entire population. Case study research design was applied. Primary data was collected using self-administered questionnaire while secondary data was collected from JKUAT’s annual reports, journals, books, researches, thesis, dissertations, articles, working papers, and the internet. Data was collected by drop and pick method. The questionnaire were evaluated for content validity and reliability. Data presentation was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. From the findings, it was deduced that the community was not fully involved in all the stages of projects development. In the project planning phase, the respondents indicated minimal involvement where a majority of the respondents disagreed in community engagement in the identification of community based projects. In the project implementation stage, majority of the respondents disagreed on involvement of the community in the coordination of the project activities. The findings also indicated lack of community engagement in the evaluation and monitoring stage which was evidenced by the fact that most of the respondents disagreed that the community formed the evaluation team and helped develop the performance indicators. The study concluded that sustainability had neither been mainstreamed nor prioritized in each phase. It was recommended that there was need for community members to identify their own needs, analyze the factors that lead to the needs, and draw up community action plans and schedules to address the needs. The study also recommended that before the implementing parties commence on the project, there should be exhaustive and detailed approach to mainstream and prioritize project sustainability in all the phases with specific steps deliberately taken to entrench long-term project benefits. Key Words: Community Engagement, Planning, Monitoring, Evaluation and Sustainability
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR MONITORING AND DIAGNOSIS OF SENSOR FAULT AND DETECTION IN THE IEA-R1 RESEARCH REACTOR AT IPEN

An apparatus for dispensing a liquid, for instance gasoline and the like fuel to vehicles, especially in the manner of the so-called "full tank dispensation", includes a dispensing nozzle with a liquid level sensor at the tip end thereof and a circuit for receiving signals from the level sensor to control flow-out of fuel from the nozzle, the circuit issuing a signal to stop the flow-out in response to receipt of a fuel detection signal from the level sensor after a predetermined time period has lapsed, issuing another signal to recommence the flow-out and if it receives from the level sensor a signal indicating the absence of fuel.
Inside the whale (and how to get out of there): Moving on from two decades of creative industries research

In keeping with the spirit of this Special Issue, this article takes a retrospective view – analysing two decades of research on local, city-based cultural economies in the dominant context of the ‘creative industries’ policy paradigm. We begin by exploring our own position in the field – as early arbiters for the cultural industries – and the political and economic context which informed our own (shared) efforts to further progressive claims for culture, amidst the transforming post-industrial city of the 1990s. The subsequent rise of a creative industries discourse – in the United Kingdom and beyond – had a transformative effect on those progressive claims, not least in bringing to the fore a more economistic, capital-driven model of urban renewal which served to undermine many of the promises that had been invested in popular urban culture under social democracy. How this shift was played out in the academic literature – and its political consequences – is the theme of the remainder of the article. This article forms part of the Special Issue ‘On the Move’, which marks the 20th anniversary of the European Journal of Cultural Studies. It also heads up a special online dossier on ‘Creative Industries in the European Journal of Cultural Studies’.
Analytical methods for microbiological water quality testing

A fundamental limiting factor in the assessment of microbial quality of waters, and especially drinking water, is often the very low number of each organism present. Therefore, it is important to note that most microbiological procedure consists of: concentration/enrichment, detection and quantification (Table 8.1). A consequence of this multi-step approach is that technological advancement of any one step (such as detection) while possibly revolutionary, may be of limited value if the target group can not be satisfactorily concentrated before being subjected to the detection system.
Clinical outcome after coronary events in patients treated with HIV-protease inhibitors.

The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996 has resulted in dramatic improvements in the immune status of HIVinfected patients. As a result, the spectrum of the cardiac manifestations encountered has turned from pericardial and myocardial opportunistic infections occurring in about 5% of patients to miscellaneous cardiac side-effects of drugs among which acute coronary events related to the use of HIV-protease inhibitors are increasingly recognized. In a cohort of 700 HIV-infected patients treated with a combination of two reverse transcriptase inhibitors and one protease inhibitor (HAART), nine (1·3%) suffered acute coronary events between February 1996 and September 1999. All were men (mean age: 40·4 7·6 years), infected with the HIV for several years (first positive HIV-test: 6·9 1·3 years previously) and four of them had experienced previous opportunistic infections before highly active antiretroviral therapy was begun. Their past history also included mild hypercholesterolaemia in one patient, hypertension in another and eight of them were smokers. At presentation for the coronary event, highly active antiretroviral therapy (ritonavir:4; indinavir:5, saquinavir:2) lasted for 17·8 6·6 months and resulted in a complete viral control (HIV viral load 2·3 Log) in eight patients and partly failed in the remaining one (viral load: 5·3 Log). Mean CD4-T-cell count was 200 104/mm. During the period of time ranging from the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy and the coronary events, the average peakcholesterol level of patients was 8·07 3·13 mmol . l 1 and the mean peak triglyceride level was 6·6 5·4 mmol . l , i.e. a 168% and 500% increase from mean baseline values, respectively.
Issues In Food Safety Economics Consumer Acceptance of Irradiated Meat and Poultry Products

The potential market for irradiated foods expanded in February 2000 when the Federal Government added raw meat and meat products to the list of foods that can be irradiated to control pathogenic microorganisms. Food manufacturers are now permitted to irradiate beef, lamb, and other red meats as well as other approved foods (including poultry, pork, and spices) in order to reduce or eliminate potentially dangerous pathogens (see box, “Food Irradiation,” p. 2). The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has estimated that foodborne pathogens are responsible for 76 million illnesses in the United States each year, resulting in 5,000 deaths (Mead et al., 1999). Consumer acceptance of irradiated meat and poultry has important public health implications because irradiation can prevent foodborne illnesses that occur when consumers handle or eat meat or poultry contaminated by microbial pathogens (see box, “Foodborne Illness Due to Raw Meat and Poultry,” p. 3). Although many food manufacturers are interested in using irradiation to control foodborne pathogens, a recent survey by CDC’s Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) found that only half of consumers were willing to buy irradiated meat or poultry, and only a fourth were willing to pay a premium for such products, which are likely to cost more than comparable nonirradiated products. The low level of consumer demand suggests that the impact of food irradiation on public health will be limited unless more consumers decide that irradiation increases the safety and value of raw meat and poultry. The Federal Government first approved irradiation as a method for controlling foodborne pathogens in 1983, although the procedure was initially restricted to spices and dried vegetable seasonings. Approval for using irradiation for pathogen control was subsequently extended to dry enzyme preparations in 1985, to raw pork (for controlling Trichinella spiralis parasites) in 1986, and to raw poultry in 1992. The recent approval of irradiation for raw meat and meat products covers both refrigerated and frozen products. Temporary approval was also granted for irradiating prepackaged meat and poultry products using any of the
Application of array-comparative genomic hybridization in tetralogy of Fallot

Abstract To explore the underlying pathogenesis and provide references for genetic counseling and prenatal gene diagnosis, we analyzed the chromosome karyotypes and genome-wide copy number variations (CNVs) in 86 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) by G-banding karyotype analysis and array-comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), respectively. And then quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate these candidate CNVs. Based on their different properties, CNVs were categorized into benign CNVs, suspiciously pathogenic CNVs, and indefinite CNVs. Data analysis was based on public databases such as UCSC, DECIPHER, DGV, ISCA, and OMIM. The karyotype was normal in all the 86 patients with TOF. CNVs were detected in 11 patients by aCGH and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Patient no. 0001, 0010, and 0029 had 2.52-Mb deletion in the chromosome 22q11.21 region; patient no. 0008 had both 595- and 428-kb duplications, respectively, in 12p12.3p12. 2 and 14q23.2q23. 3 regions; patient no. 0009 had 1.46-Mb duplication in the 1q21.1q21. 2 region; patient no. 0016 had 513-kb duplication in the 1q42.13 region; patient no. 0024 had 292-kb duplication in the 16q11.2 region; patient no. 0026 had 270-kb duplication in the 16q24.1 region; patient no. 0028 had 222-kb deletion in the 7q31.1 region; patient no. 0033 had 1.73-Mb duplication in the 17q12 region; and patient no. 0061 had 5.79-Mb deletion in the 1p36.33p36. 31 region. aCGH can accurately detect CNVs in the patients with TOF. This is conducive to genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for TOF and provides a new clue and theoretical basis for exploring the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease.
Enhancement of Power Quality using active power filter in a Medium-Voltage Distribution Network switching loads

-This paper Discuss about the problem occurring in the medium voltage distribution network such problems reactive power, harmonics and unbalanced load current compensation of Medium voltage Distribution systems. It proposes a simple and inexpensive solution to enhance power quality when a particular connection to the high voltage transmission network. It presents the design of a active power filter and BLDC motor connected to MV level of power distribution system it main task is to regulate 132 kV voltage level. Reconfiguration of the power delivery network imposes new constraints in a distribution substation so that the reactive compensation should be increased. The topology of a shunt hybrid active filter is analyzed. The possibility of different levels of reactive power compensation is implemented. The proposal shows very good performance for different load demands. This scheme is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK for Brushless DC (BLDC) motor loads. Results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the control of sinusoidal by using active power filter (APF).
Cloning and Characterization of the WAX2 Gene of Arabidopsis Involved in Cuticle Membrane and Wax Production Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.010926.

Insertional mutagenesis of Arabidopsis ecotype C24 was used to identify a novel mutant, designated wax2, that had alterations in both cuticle membrane and cuticular waxes. Arabidopsis mutants with altered cuticle membrane have not been reported previously. Compared with the wild type, the cuticle membrane of wax2 stems weighed 20.2% less, and when viewed using electron microscopy, it was 36.4% thicker, less opaque, and structurally disorganized. The total wax amount on wax2 leaves and stems was reduced by >78% and showed proportional deficiencies in the aldehydes, alkanes, secondary alcohols, and ketones, with increased acids, primary alcohols, and esters. Besides altered cuticle membranes, wax2 displayed postgenital fusion between aerial organs (especially in flower buds), reduced fertility under low humidity, increased epidermal permeability, and a reduction in stomatal index on adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces. Thus, wax2 reveals a potential role for the cuticle as a suppressor of postgenital fusion and epidermal diffusion and as a mediator of both fertility and the development of epidermal architecture (via effects on stomatal index). The cloned WAX2 gene (verified by three independent allelic insertion mutants with identical phenotypes) codes for a predicted 632–amino acid integral membrane protein with a molecular mass of 72.3 kD and a theoretical pI of 8.78. WAX2 has six transmembrane domains, a His-rich diiron binding region at the N-terminal region, and a large soluble C-terminal domain. The N-terminal portion of WAX2 is homologous with members of the sterol desaturase family, whereas the C terminus of WAX2 is most similar to members of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family. WAX2 has 32% identity to CER1, a protein required for wax production but not for cuticle membrane production. Based on these analyses, we predict that WAX2 has a metabolic function associated with both cuticle membrane and wax synthesis. These studies provide new insight into the genetics and biochemistry of plant cuticle production and elucidate new associations between the cuticle and diverse aspects of plant development.
Workspace Analysis of a 6-DOF Cable Robot for Hardware-in-the-Loop Dynamic Simulation

This paper describes the study of the force-closure workspace of a 6-DOF, cable-driven, parallel robot for the application in a hardware-in-the-loop dynamic simulator, which is used for simulating microgravity contact dynamics of spacecraft or robotic systems. The workspace under study is defined as the set of all end-effector poses satisfying force-closure condition. Force-closure also means that the inverse dynamics problem of the manipulator has a feasible solution. Since there is no limitation on the external wrench and the dynamic motion of the end-effector, such a workspace is the most desirable (or nonrestricted) workspace for the intended application simulating low-speed impact-contact dynamics. A systematic method of determining whether or not a given end-effector's pose is inside the workspace is proposed with mathematical proof. Based on this method, the shape, boundary, dimensions, and volume of the workspace of a 6-DOF cable robot are displayed and discussed
A Collaborative Recommender System : Lexicographic Consensus and Web Usage Mining Approach

Collaborative filtering (CF) is one of the most successful and widely used methods of automated product recommendation domain [1, 2, 3]. However, cardinal scale generally used for representing the preference intensity is also ineffective owing to its increasing estimation errors. In this paper, we propose a new CF-based recommendation methodology that constructs an ordinal scale-based customer profile under the implicit ratings condition. An experiment with the Web transaction data from a real online shopping mall shows that the proposed method performs better than existing CF methodologies.
A study of cost-effective conductive ink for inkjet-printed RFID application

In this paper, the cost performance of the commercially available inkjet printing conductive inks is evaluated for the UHF RFID tag application. For the same printing technique, the cost mainly depends on 2 factors; the cost of the conductive ink and the printed ink volume. The simulation results indicated that lower ink volume is required for the greater conductivity conductive ink in order to achieve the same level of the antenna efficiency. However, the cost is not consistently reduced together with the volume. The smart selection of the conductive ink with the proper cost and electrical conductivity can save more than 90% for the inkjet-printed UHF RFID tag antenna fabrication.