Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrating Software Security Into The Software Development Lifecycle

Applications make up the core of any system--for example small applications serving critical roles (e.g. Basic Input/Output System); word processors; firewalls; e-mail servers; and operating systems--and, as a result, applications must be written both in a secure fashion and with security in mind or they may become the weakest link, allowing the circumvention of various physical and logical access controls. Currently, many in management are unsure of where to integrate security in their programs, unsure of the impact to cost and schedule, and unsure of how to build security into their programs. Furthermore, many designers and developers are too worried about making a product work and tight deadlines to think about security if they are not specifically directed to do so. Thanks to the above, many times installation and operation documentation neglect security and the measures that the administrator, operator, and owner of the software should take to ensure that the application is secure. In this vein, this work helps all members of a project understand where security should be integrated into a general software development lifecycle, illustrates why security should exist at these points, and shows how to keep software safe no matter the stage in the lifecycle. By separating the lifecycle into responsibilities as well as incorporating the stages, all personnel will understand both the responsibilities of all other personnel (as well as themselves) and when to perform their responsibilities. This work also helps all personnel to understand why each responsibility is important, how to properly execute that responsibility, and what the impacts may be to the project if something is not performed or is given an inappropriately low amount of attention.
Principles of finance

The exam will include multiple choice questions and problems. If you have worked and understand the end-ofchapter problems that were assigned, you should be able to work the problems on the exam. Please take a look at the review sheet that is posted on the course webpage. Following is some additional information that might help you when studying,  Chapter 9—Capital Budgeting Techniques o All of the capital budgeting techniques that employ the time value of money (TVM) must provide the same accept/reject decision. In other words, if one TVM technique indicates that a project is acceptable, then the others must also indicate that the project is acceptable. Thus, if we know that a project has a net present value (NPV) greater than zero—that is, NPV > 0—then we know the following must also be true:  The project’s internal rate of return (IRR) must be greater than the firm’s required rate of return.  The project’s discounted payback period (DPB) must be less its useful life.  The project’s modified internal rate of return (MIRR) must be greater than the firm’s required rate of return. o If multiple independent projects are being evaluated, it doesn’t matter which TVM capital budgeting technique is used to determine whether the projects are acceptable, because the firm should invest in all acceptable projects regardless of how acceptable they are. o If multiple mutually exclusive projects are being evaluated, the firm should invest in the acceptable project that increases the value of the firm the greatest. To ensure the correct decision is made, the NPV technique should be used in this case.  Chapter 10—Project Cash Flows and Risk o In capital budgeting analysis, to be considered relevant—that is, a relevant cash flow—a cash flow must change if the firm purchases the project. o Depreciation is not a cash flow. However, depreciation affects cash flows because it is an expense that affects the amount of taxes the firm pays. Everything else equal, greater depreciation results in lower taxes paid by the firm. For example, if a project increases the firm’s depreciation by $10,000 and the firm has a marginal tax rate equal to 40 percent, the firm would pay $4,000 less in taxes. The following shows that his is correct: Without Depreciation With Depreciation Operating income before depreciation $25,000 $25,000 Depreciation ( 0) (10,000) Operating income $25,000 $15,000 Taxes on operating income (40%) (10,000) ( 6,000)
Automatic caption extraction of news video and its implementation

Text information retrieval is an important field in content-based retrieval of video. In this paper a new advanced algorithm is presented. This algorithm detects video shots and text events firstly, and then locates the caption region with the adaptive method and projection method respectively. In order to get enhanced character, frame averaging method is employed in a series of video frames with captions. Finally, the obtained colorful character area is segmented with Fuzzy c-means method. Experimental results show that this caption detection scheme is effective and robust.
Automatic Generation of Metadata for Indexing, Searching and Navigating in an Intranet

ii iii Abstract This report describes how I built an experimental search system to perform more accurate information retrieval. The aim is to get a more relevant hit list when searching for documents on an intranet, with the least amount of effort for the user. The work includes the development of a metadata keywords component, that automatically extracts relevant words out of (text) documents and then adds them explicitly into the documents as metadata keywords, so that the Microsoft Site Server then can be used to index the data. A World Wide Web search page is also built, which uses the index in its search. On the implemented search site a user can choose to only search for some specific indexed metadata, to narrow the search down and get a more accurate search result. iv Acknowledgements
Direction finding of propagator method using adaptive cultural algorithm in the impulsive noise

A virtual multi-element uniform linear array is constructed through covariation matrix of the minimum redundant array in the presence of impulsive noise. Based on virtual multi-element uniform linear array and reconstructed covariation matrix, a novel orthogonal propagator method (OPM) is proposed. The proposed algorithm utilized few virtual elements and expanded the number of effective aperture array, while significantly improving the performance of the original OPM algorithms. In order to fit the proposed direction finding algorithm based on the minimum redundant array and covariation matrix, an adaptive cultural algorithm is designed for objective function of direction finding. Monte-Carlo simulations have proved that the proposed method has some good performance such as high resolution in the presence of impulse noise and the capability of using a small number of elements to find more signal sources.
On the Declarative Structure of Quantum Concepts: States and Observables (Distilled Tutorial)

This tutorial documents our opinion that quantum concepts are declarative in nature, and that using imperative programming for quantum computation is a conceptual mismatch. We show how to construct a purely functional framework that describes a methodologically more correct (in our opinion) model of quantum entities. We refrain from representing explicitly, as data structures, such objects as states which cannot be analysed without being destroyed. We suggest that a declarative, purely functional approach gives formal tools that are more adequate for reasoning about the computational sense/contents of quantum entities, and in general of several mathematical constructs considered abstract. We show that this approach can be used in practice, and we suggest that it also can shed some light on the sense of the linearity -- the geometric property of vector spaces -- within the quantum framework.
Forecasting market shares using VAR and BVAR models: A comparison of their forecasting performance

This paper develops a Bayesian vector autoregressive model(BVAR) for the leader of the Portuguese car market to forecast the market share. The model includes five marketing decision variables.The Bayesian prior is selected on the basis of the accuracy of the out-of-sample forecasts. We find that our BVAR models generally produce more accurate forecasts of market share. The out-of-sample accuracy of the BVAR forecasts is also compared with that of forecasts from an unrestricted VAR model and of benchmark forecasts produced from univariate (e.g., Box-Jenkins ARIMA) models. Additionally, competitive dynamics of the market place are revealed through variance decompositions and impulse response analysis.
Safe Zone for Retractor Placement to the Lumbar Spine via the Transpsoas Approach

Purpose. To measure anatomic variations of the lumbar plexus within the psoas in relation to the L2/3, L3/4, and L4/5 disc spaces and to delineate a safe zone to avoid nerve injury during retractor placement via the transpsoas approach. Methods. Six male and 6 female cadavers (24 psoas/lumbar plexuses) aged 35 to 74 years were dissected. The lumbar plexus was isolated bilaterally. The L2, L3, and L4 nerve roots were identified and isolated without disturbing their natural anatomic course. The anteroposterior (AP) diameter of each intervertebral disc at L2/3, L3/4, and L4/5 was used as a reference. Four measurements were made using a caliper: the AP and mediolateral (ML) diameters of the psoas and AP and ML excursions of each nerve root. Percentages were calculated for the 4 measurements using the reference of the AP diameter of the intervertebral disc at each level. Comparison between left and right sides, between males and females, and between excursions of nerve roots were made. Results. The AP diameter of the psoas increased from L2 to L4, with a mean vertebral body coverage of 80%, 86%, and 85% at L2/3, L3/4, and L4/5, respectively. Both the L2 and L3 nerve roots demonstrated substantial anterior trajectories as they coursed distally in the lumbar spine. No nerve root encroached anteriorly beyond 33% of the intervertebral disc space at L2 to L5. Conclusion. The lumbar plexus area corresponding to the anterior half of the intervertebral disc was the safe zone. Procedures to the lumbar spine via the transpsoas approach should be performed within the safe zone to avoid nerve injury.
Empirical analysis and comparison of IPv4-IPv6 traffic: A case study on the campus network

With the exhaustion of global IPv4 address, IPv6 technologies have attracted increasing attention and have been deployed widely. Meanwhile, new applications running over IPv6 networks will change the traditional traffic characteristics of IPv4 networks. In this paper, we present a measurement study on the traffic features and behaviors of the users over IPv4 and IPv6 in the campus network of XJTU. We shall investigate the differences between IPv4 and IPv6 traffic features in terms of the distribution of the average packet size, flow size, flow duration, and self-similarity of the packet size and traffic volume. As to the user's behaviors, we employ the connection degree to capture the behavior characteristics and Renyi entropy to measure behavior dynamics. The experimental results based on the traffic traces collected from the Northwest Regional Center of CERNET (China Education and Research Network) indicate that there exists distinct differences between IPv4 and IPv6 traffic due to the newly-emerged applications. The analysis results provide strategic guidance for traffic management and exhibit great potential in abnormal behavior detection in next generation network.
A Sub-1V 15-ppm / C CMOS Band Gap Voltage Reference

A sub-1-V CMOS band gap voltage reference requiring no low threshold voltage device is introduced in this paper. In a CMOS technology with vthn=vthp=0 9 V at 0 C, the minimum supply voltage of the proposed voltage reference is 0.98 V, and the maximum supply current is 18 A. A temperature coefficient of 15 ppm/ C from 0 C to 100 C is recorded after trimming. The active area of the circuit is about 0.24 mm2.
3R- Reach, Recruit, Reform: Working with the Grand Rapids Community to Meet the Volunteer Needs of the Heartside Gleaning Initiative

The purpose of this project is to address the volunteer needs of the Heartside Gleaning Initiative, a nonprofit organization founded by Grand Valley State University professor Lisa Sisson. The mission of the Heartside Gleaning Initiative is to “empower the Heartside community to become healthier through nutrition education and improving accessibility of healthy foods” (Heartside, 2014). Members of the Heartside Gleaning Initiative are currently working to give people living in the Heartside community of Grand Rapids access to fresh produce. Volunteers glean the produce from local farmers at the Fulton Street Farmers Market and then deliver it to shelters in the Heartside neighborhood. This work is also a part of a larger goal to fight the national issue of food insecurity, which affects millions of people living in the United States. For this project, our group chose to focus on volunteer recruitment. Volunteers are the backbone of the Heartside Gleaning Initiative and a necessary component for the work being done. We have begun to work with several Grand Rapids schools and local churches in the Heartside neighborhood to generate awareness about the initiative and to try and fill this need for volunteers. The organization specifically needs a core group of four to five volunteers who can consistently work with the initiative. Though we have generated interest among community members to volunteer for a weekend, we struggled to establish this core group of leaders. This proved to be our biggest challenge with the project, and finding a group of leaders will continue to be a task for the initiative in the future, though we have several suggestions that may help their efforts. The final goal for this project was to provide the Heartside Gleaning Initiative with recruitment materials. We recreated a pamphlet for the organization to give to potential volunteers. It includes information about the goals and the mission of the organization and contact information. It can be used to generate awareness and knowledge about the Heartside Gleaning Initiative. We also provided the organization with a list of the local churches and schools with interested members. We hope the initiative will be able to use these materials to continue to recruit a stable group of volunteers.
Improving software quality based on relationship among the change proneness and object oriented metrics

With the demand of increasing functionality and arrival of defects, software goes through a lot of changes therefore its quite challenging task to maintain the quality of the software. In this paper we developed models to predict the change proneness of the classes in the object oriented system by analyzing the relationship between the object oriented metrics and change proneness. The model proposed is also validated by object oriented open source software. We have analyzed our results by the Receiver Operator Characteristics Curve. The results thus obtained shows that there is a significance relationship between the object oriented metrics and change proneness. We have analyzed statistical as well as machine learning techniques and the results shows that machine learning techniques are the good predictors of the change proneness. Rigorous testing of these change prone classes may improve the quality of the software and it may also reduce our work at the maintenance phase.
Boosting objectness: Semi-supervised learning for object detection and segmentation in multi-view images

This paper presents a method to detect and segment recurring object from multi-view images. Given a sequence of images of an object captured by multiple cameras, the method firstly detects sparse object-like regions utilizing generic region proposals. We propose a semi-supervised framework to exploit both appearance cues learned from rudimentary detections of object-like regions, and the intrinsic geometric structures within multi-view data. This framework generates a diverse set of object proposals in all views which underpins a robust object segmentation method to handle objects with complex shape and topologies, as well as scenarios where the object and background exhibit similar color distributions.
Corporate communication in the emerging network economy

This paper draws on ideas in economics and game theory to develop a new theory of marketing in the emerging network economy. The paper argues that in a network economy, firms and consumers will confront “coordination problems”. With the emerging network economy all this becomes urgent because the availability and cost of information decreases. Also, timing issues become urgent as millions of people get access to the same information simultaneously. That explains why events where masses of viewers simultaneously participate in the same events become so important. The paper introduces a simple game theoretic model and discusses marketing applications and possible strategies. These strategies imply considerable use of communication resources in order to fulfil the common knowledge requirements.
Geometrical analysis of two-transistor circuits with more than three operating points

This paper presents a new geometrical motivated approach to analyse resistive networks decomposable into two 3-pole subnetworks. Especially, networks composed of two MOSTs or BJTs that can have more than three operating points are analysed with this method. All results are verified additionally with a homotopy method realisable with standard circuit simulators.
Node-Disjointness-Based Multipath Routing for Mobile Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks have the potential to dramatically reduce the cost of deploying communication infrastructure. However, the nature of this technology limits the capacity of radio links. Thus, it is important to utilize them as efficiently as possible. Routing in ad hoc sensor networks is a complicated task because of many reasons. For traffic engineering, multipath capabilities are important. In this paper, a source routing based multi-path OLSR (SR-MPOLSR) protocol is proposed. In this protocol, MPRs (multi-point relays) are used to obtain the network topology effectively and multiple Dijkstra algorithms are used to calculate multiple routes and to allocate the loads in a weighted round-robin fashion. Data transmission at the source is carried out through predetermined multiple paths (hence source routing). Our experiments have shown that SR-MPOLSR can, to some extent, increase the utility of network resources and network throughput, improve robustness and reliability of the transmission service, and reduce the average transmission delay
An Approach to GA-Driven Automatic Refactoring Based on Design Patterns

Refactoring is a process of applying behavior-preserving transformations to improve the design, readability, structure, performance, abstraction, and maintainability of existing code. This paper presents an approach to genetic algorithm-driven refactoring for Java programs to automatically judge the qualities of programs based on design patterns. If a program is judged to be bad, refactoring will be further recommended so that the program can be transformed using an appropriate design pattern.
Reflecting on the Ability of Enterprise Security Policy to Address Accidental Insider Threat

An enterprise's information security policy is an exceptionally important control as it provides the employees of an organisation with details of what is expected of them, and what they can expect from the organisation's security teams, as well as informing the culture within that organisation. The threat from accidental insiders is a reality across all enterprises and can be extremely damaging to the systems, data and reputation of an organisation. Recent industry reports and academic literature underline the fact that the risk of accidental insider compromise is potentially more pressing than that posed by a malicious insider. In this paper we focus on the ability of enterprises' information security policies to mitigate the accidental insider threat. Specifically we perform an analysis of real-world cases of accidental insider threat to define the key reasons, actions and impacts of these events -- captured as a grounded insider threat classification scheme. This scheme is then used to performa review of a set of organisational security policies to highlight their strengths and weaknesses when considering the prevention of incidents of accidental insider compromise. We present a set of questions that can be used to analyse an existing security policy to help control the risk of the accidental insider threat.
Varied Metaheuristics for Uniform Parallel Machine to Minimize Total Weighted Completion Time

In this paper, we consider the problem of scheduling n independent jobs on m uniform parallel machines such that total weighted completion time is minimized. We present two meta-heuristics and two hybrid meta-heuristics to solve this problem. Based on a set of instances, a comparative study has been realized in order to evaluate these approaches.
Growth retardation and delayed puberty in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common joint disorder in developing children. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is difficult to diagnose and treat. In some patients, signs and symptoms can be frustratingly inconsistent, contradictory or idiosyncratic. Short stature in patients with JIA is usually due to reduced growth in the lower extremities, and only rarely due to reduced growth in the spinal column. In some studies, children with JIA were found to have infantile body proportions. Puberty is delayed in children with JIA. In children with chronic arthritic disorders, there is a strong correlation between the activity of the disease and the age of puberty. The main goals in reducing growth retardation in children with JIA are promoting timely remission and reducing the duration and dosage of corticosteroid treatment. It is important to regularly monitor physical development. Further improvements to the treatment protocol depend on continued interdisciplinary research involving paediatricians, rheumatologists and clinical anthropologists.