Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementing Persistent Object Systems in Distributed Shared Virtual Memory

As the software community begins to realize the promise of persistent, distributed objects, the pragmatic issue of providing a base platform for constructing such object systems is becoming increasingly important. Unfortunately, the question of how best to provide such a platform is, as yet, largely unanswered. The complexity of managing distributed persistent objects is great due to the large number of separate but related subsystems (persistent storage, distributed name services, concurrency control, cache consistency, etc.) that must interact efficiently and effectively. Further, attempts at backwards compatibility hinder implementation efforts. We propose a Distributed Shared Virtual Memory System (DSVMS) that provides a uniform view of the persistent “object space” in memory across multiple interconnected machines. This provides system users with the simplest possible programming environment by hiding both access to secondary storage and distribution. DSVM also provides a focal point for object management in the virtual memory operations of the system. This focus is exploited to ameliorate object management complexity in the resulting Persistent Object System (POS). The DSVMS proposed in this paper has been made feasible by recent technological advances including wide address space machines. Processors are currently available with 64 bit addressing and it seems likely that this will increase over the next decade. 64 bit addressing permits access to an object space which is sufficient to accomodate even the largest applications currently running. The growing acceptance of high speed, switched networks (e.g. ATM) and recent work in weak consistency models also support the practicality of our DSVMS. Storing objects in a DSVMS also offers several benefits over other forms of POSs besides transparent distribution. For example, object method invocations are accomplished by simple subroutine calls without swizzling. Additionally, support for such advanced features as nested object transactions may be transparently provided. The DSVM approach provides a simple, intuitive programming environment where object management is simplified by unification with memory management.
A high performance, race eliminated, two phase nonoverlapping clocked All-N-Logic for both strong and subthreshold designs

In this paper, a new structure of ANL logic, named TPANL, is presented to achieve higher performance, lower power consumption and eliminating glitches. Different ANL logics suffer from output glitches due to race problem. Our proposed TPANL logic by two phase nonoverlapping clocks eliminates output glitches and reduces glitch power. TPANL logic speedup is mainly due to reduced capacitance at each evaluation node of a dynamic circuit. This logic works in both operational region of strong inversion and subthreshold region, with 10GHz to 12.5MHz respectively. In spite of NonInv. /Inv. pipeline in ANL logics, TPANL is based on NonInv. /NonInv. pipeline and therefore it solves the voltage drops on NMOS Inv. stages in subthreshold regions. The simulation results of 4-bit CLA adder show 27% and 72.9% power consumption reduction, also, 60% and 50% performance improvement, in strong inversion region rather than ANL and DPANL respectively. The 4-bit CLA adder with TPANL logic in the subthreshold region has about 92nW power consumption.
Cancer classification using clustering based gene selection and artificial neural networks

In this investigation, a cancer classification approach is presented using clustering based gene selection and artificial neural networks. To address the so called `curse of dimensionality' a T-statistic feature selection method, one of the univariate filter techniques, is used to select the most informative genes. However, instead of selecting a small group of relevant genes at once from the whole range of data, the genes are clustered into a number of groups and then the intended gene subset is formed incorporating top ranked members from each group. This process is adopted not only to ensure the selection of the most relevant and informative genes but also to bring information diversity in the selected genes. Three different clustering algorithms, namely, K-means clustering, Fuzzy C-means clustering and self-organizing map (SOM) are used. Samples classification is then carried out using a multi-layered perceptron (MLP) neural network trained with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The performance of the approach is evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity and found to be comparable with that of the non-clustering based approach.
Server-aided digital signature protocol based on password

Digital signature is a cryptographic mechanism widely used in secure communications. Although there are many digital signature schemes with firm mathematical foundations, one of the biggest concerns is how to protect the private keys from disclosure in applications. To counter this problem, we suggest splitting the signature private key into two parts and storing in two well-protected servers, and the client may get signatures through the protocol SADS proposed in this paper. With SADS, the client only needs to provide a password to get a message to be signed with the help of the two severs. The private key is not exposed if only one of the servers is compromised or misused by the server administrator, which greatly decreases the possibility of the corruption of a signature private key and facilitates the mobility of the signing services. Furthermore, various signing policies can be enforced in the servers, such as revocation of the private key, delegation of signature rights, signature with tune constraints, content-sensitive signatures.
Quality of Service-Driven Requirements Analysis for Component Composition: A Two-Level Grammar+Approach

Abstract : Component-based software engineering provides developers the opportunity to assemble entire systems from components. When applied to Distributed Real-Time and Embedded (DRE) systems, which components to assemble and how to assemble them are determined not only from functional correctness criteria but also assurance of the system's quality of service (QoS). This paper presents a grammatical QoS-driven approach to optimizing component assembly by reducing the search space of assembly alternatives through the elimination of infeasible components, with feasible components selected based on reasoning about nonfunctional requirements. The reasoning is realized through a rule engine with a knowledge base derived from the requirements phase of the software life cycle. In addition, the grammatical approach introduces well-defined semantics among the components being composed. The semantics assist in precisely and efficiently evaluating the individual component QoS, as well as system-wide QoS in a programmable fashion. The result is to facilitate straightforward and manageable component composition analyses from the perspective of QoS requirements.
ABA Is an Essential Signal for Plant Resistance to Pathogens Affecting JA Biosynthesis and the Activation of Defenses in Arabidopsis[W]

Analyses of Arabidopsis thaliana defense response to the damping-off oomycete pathogen Pythium irregulare show that resistance to P. irregulare requires a multicomponent defense strategy. Penetration represents a first layer, as indicated by the susceptibility of pen2 mutants, followed by recognition, likely mediated by ERECTA receptor-like kinases. Subsequent signaling of inducible defenses is predominantly mediated by jasmonic acid (JA), with insensitive coi1 mutants showing extreme susceptibility. In contrast with the generally accepted roles of ethylene and salicylic acid cooperating with or antagonizing, respectively, JA in the activation of defenses against necrotrophs, both are required to prevent disease progression, although much less so than JA. Meta-analysis of transcriptome profiles confirmed the predominant role of JA in activation of P. irregulare–induced defenses and uncovered abscisic acid (ABA) as an important regulator of defense gene expression. Analysis of cis-regulatory sequences also revealed an unexpected overrepresentation of ABA response elements in promoters of P. irregulare–responsive genes. Subsequent infections of ABA-related and callose-deficient mutants confirmed the importance of ABA in defense, acting partly through an undescribed mechanism. The results support a model for ABA affecting JA biosynthesis in the activation of defenses against this oomycete.
Is There “One” DLPFC in Cognitive Action Control? Evidence for Heterogeneity From Co-Activation-Based Parcellation

The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has consistently been implicated in cognitive control of motor behavior. There is, however, considerable variability in the exact location and extension of these activations across functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments. This poses the question of whether this variability reflects sampling error and spatial uncertainty in fMRI experiments or structural and functional heterogeneity of this region. This study shows that the right DLPFC as observed in 4 different experiments tapping executive action control may be subdivided into 2 distinct subregions-an anterior-ventral and a posterior-dorsal one -based on their whole-brain co-activation patterns across neuroimaging studies. Investigation of task-dependent and task-independent connectivity revealed both clusters to be involved in distinct neural networks. The posterior subregion showed increased connectivity with bilateral intraparietal sulci, whereas the anterior subregion showed increased connectivity with the anterior cingulate cortex. Functional characterization with quantitative forward and reverse inferences revealed the anterior network to be more strongly associated with attention and action inhibition processes, whereas the posterior network was more strongly related to action execution and working memory. The present data provide evidence that cognitive action control in the right DLPFC may rely on differentiable neural networks and cognitive functions.
A new approach to dynamic all pairs shortest paths

We study novel combinatorial properties of graphs that allow us to devise a completely new approach to dynamic all pairs shortest paths problems. Our approach yields a fully dynamic algorithm for general directed graphs with non-negative real-valued edge weights that supports any sequence of operations in O(n2log3n) amortized time per update and unit worst-case time per distance query, where n is the number of vertices. We can also report shortest paths in optimal worst-case time. These bounds improve substantially over previous results and solve a long-standing open problem. Our algorithm is deterministic, uses simple data structures, and appears to be very fast in practice.
Contributing Factors to Health Anxiety in Older and Young Adults

Contributing Factors to Health Anxiety in Older and Young Adults Lindsay A. Gerolimatos Researchers have acknowledged overlap in features of health anxiety (HA) and the anxiety disorders. At present, little research on HA exists, especially in its less severe forms, and few studies have examined HA in older adults. Using self-report surveys, the present study examined how anxiety-related constructs contribute to HA in older and young adults and whether these variables differentially account for HA in both age groups. Results showed that young adults reported higher levels of HA than older adults. For both age groups, anxiety sensitivity accounted for illness likelihood and negative consequences, and intolerance of uncertainty contributed to negative consequences. Reappraisal accounted for illness likelihood in older adults, and moderated the relation between anxiety sensitivity and negative consequences in young adults. Anxiety control moderated the relation between anxiety sensitivity and negative consequences in older adults. Overall, results suggest that anxiety sensitivity and intolerance of uncertainty predispose older and young adults to HA, which is influenced by coping strategies. Implications for the conceptualization of HA in both age groups are discussed. iii Acknowledgments I would like to thank my advisor and committee chairperson Barry Edelstein for guidance in the design and completion of this study, as well as feedback on drafts of this manuscript. Thank you, as well, to Kevin Larkin and Aaron Metzger for comments and suggestions as thesis committee members. I would like to thank Christine Gould for her comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Finally, I would like to thank my parents, Anthony and Barbara Gerolimatos, as well as Jack and Brenda Molloy and Dan and Florence Molloy for their assistance in recruiting a geographically diverse sample of older adults. iv Table of
Impact of Reclassification on Thyroid Nodules with Architectural Atypia: From Non-Invasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas to Non-Invasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features

Background The follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer (FVPTC), especially the encapsulated non-invasive subtype, is a controversial entity. Recent study suggested using ‘non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP)’ for these indolent carcinomas. We evaluated the impact of reclassification from non-invasive encapsulated FVPTCs (EFVPTCs) to NIFTPs in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules with architectural atypia. Methods We reviewed 1301 thyroid nodules with architectural atypia in core needle biopsy (CNB) specimens obtained from March 2012 to February 2013. Nodules were classified into atypia of undetermined significance with architectural atypia (AUS-A, 984, 76%) or follicular neoplasm/suspicious for a follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN, 317, 24%). Among them, diagnostic surgery was performed in 384 nodules (30%). Results In total, 160 nodules (42%) presented final malignant diagnoses including 39 non-invasive encapsulated FVPTCs (10%). The malignancy rate was estimated to be 7–35% in AUS-A nodules and 28–49% in FN/SFN nodules. After reclassification, the malignancy rate was much decreased and estimated to be 5–24% in AUS-A nodules, and 23–39% in FN/SFN nodules. Thyroid nodules with final malignant diagnoses were significantly more likely to have a FN/SFN CNB diagnosis, malignant US features and concomitant nuclear atypia in CNB specimens. However, these factors could not differentiate NIFTPs from other malignancies. Conclusions After reclassification of non-invasive EFVPTCs to NIFTPs, the malignancy rate of thyroid nodules with architectural atypia in CNB specimens was decreased. However, there were no preoperative factors differentiating other malignancies from NIFTPs. The presence of malignant US features or concomitant nuclear atypia might help clinicians deciding diagnostic surgery but, these features also might indicate NIFTPs.
VisDB: database exploration using multidimensional visualization

Discusses how the VisDB system supports the query specification process by representing the result visually. The main idea behind the system stems from the view of relational database tables as sets of multidimensional data where the number of attributes corresponds to the number of dimensions. In such a view, it is often unclear. In this system, each display pixel represents one database item. Pixels are arranged and colored to indicate the item's relevance to a user query and to give a visual impression of the resulting data set. <<ETX>>
Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Is Critical for Wallerian Degeneration and Functional Recovery after Peripheral Nerve Injury

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) bind specific components conserved among microorganisms as well as endogenous ligands produced by necrotic cells, injured axons, and the extracellular matrix. Here, we investigated whether TLRs are involved in regulating the immune response, Wallerian degeneration (WD), and nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve lesion. Early expression of interleukin-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was compromised in the sciatic nerve distal stump of mice deficient in TLR signaling. In addition, significantly fewer macrophages were recruited and/or activated in the sciatic nerve distal stump of TLR2-, TLR4-, and MyD88-deficient mice compared with wild-type littermates, whereas WD, axonal regeneration, and recovery of locomotor function were impaired. In contrast, animals that received a single microinjection of TLR2 and TLR4 ligands at the site of sciatic nerve lesion had faster clearance of the degenerating myelin and recovered earlier than saline-injected control rats. Finally, rats that had altered innate immune response through dexamethasone treatment exhibited three times more myelin debris in their sciatic nerve distal stump and a significant delay in recovery of locomotor function. Our results provide strong evidence that TLR signaling plays a critical role in orchestrating the innate immune response leading to efficient and rapid clearance of inhibitory myelin debris and nerve regeneration.
Characterizing Order Processes of (s,S) and (r,nQ) Policies

In this paper we provide a novel approach to characterize the order process of an (s,S) and an (r,nQ) inventory policy. These inventory policies are commonly used when a fixed order cost is present. We provide two distinct perspectives. First, we analyze the time between subsequent replenishments, as well as the size of the replenishment orders, and characterize the distribution of both. Second, we look at the number of units ordered over an interval t, and compare it with the demand observed over the same period. Both perspectives are complementary and provide useful information for the upstream supplier observing this order process. We are in particular interested in the impact of the batching parameter (Q or S - s) on the order variance amplification ratio. It is commonly accepted in the supply chain literature that batching of orders creates a bullwhip effect. Our analysis shows that the answer is more subtle. For instance, the squared coefficient of variation (scv) of time between subsequent orders is smaller than or equal to the scv of time between subsequent demand arrivals for both policies. The order quantities can exhibit either variance amplication or dampening, compared to the demand quantities, depending on the distribution of the demand sizes and the value of the batching parameter. The bullwhip ratio, defined as the variance of the number of units ordered compared to the variance of the number of units demanded, strongly depends on the time window in which these numbers are observed. Our methodology is based on the properties of the batch-Markovian arrival process.
Dual Effects of miR156-Targeted SPL Genes and CYP78A5/KLUH on Plastochron Length and Organ Size in Arabidopsis thaliana[W][OA]

Leaves of flowering plants are produced from the shoot apical meristem at regular intervals, with the time that elapses between the formation of two successive leaf primordia defining the plastochron. We have identified two genetic axes affecting plastochron length in Arabidopsis thaliana. One involves microRNA156 (miR156), which targets a series of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) genes. In situ hybridization studies and misexpression experiments demonstrate that miR156 is a quantitative, rather than spatial, modulator of SPL expression in leaf primordia and that SPL activity nonautonomously inhibits initiation of new leaves at the shoot apical meristem. The second axis is exemplified by a redundantly acting pair of cytochrome P450 genes, CYP78A5/KLUH and CYP78A7, which are likely orthologs of PLASTOCHRON1 of rice (Oryza sativa). Inactivation of CYP78A5, which is expressed at the periphery of the shoot apical meristem, accelerates the leaf initiation rate, whereas cyp78a5 cyp78a7 double mutants often die as embryos with supernumerary cotyledon primordia. The effects of both miR156-targeted SPL genes and CYP78A5 on organ size are correlated with changes in plastochron length, suggesting a potential compensatory mechanism that links the rate at which leaves are produced to final leaf size.
Luminous Compact Galaxies at Intermediate Redshifts: Progenitors of Bulges of Massive Spirals?

VLT spectra of 14 luminous compact galaxies (LCGs) reveal strong metallic absorption-line systems as well as narrow and intense emission lines. Their gas extinction is found to be large (AV ~ 1.5 mag), leading to an upward revision of their star formation rate (SFR) to an average value of ~40 M☉ yr-1. Large extinction values are also supported by the large rate of detection in one field observed by the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). Gas metal abundances in LCGs have about half the solar value. LCG absorption spectra can be synthesized with a mix of a few gigayears old and relatively metal-rich (generally solar to oversolar values) stellar population and a younger stellar population (less than 5 × 108 yr) having a metal abundance similar to that of the gas. We argue that LCGs are the progenitors of present-day spiral bulges. LCGs have masses and light concentrations similar to those of present-day bulges. They could have been formed entirely during a period of a few gigayears prior to the epoch of their observations if the star formation has been sustained at the observed rate. As in present-day galactic bulges, LCG stars show a wide range of abundances. Thus, observing LCGs allows us to witness directly an important stage in the formation of a massive galaxy, the building of the bulge prior to that of the disk. The gas needed to feed the observed star formation is likely to be falling in from the outskirts of the galaxy, being tidally pulled out from interacting companion galaxies. An infall scenario naturally explains the gas metal abundance, which is generally lower than that of the older stellar component. At least for the strongest star-forming LCGs, there is clear imaging evidence for the presence of companions. Some LCGs also show evidence for the beginning of a disk formation. If the above scenario holds for most LCGs, we estimate that at least 20% of present-day spiral galaxies have formed the bulk of their stars at relatively recent epochs, during the last 8-9 Gyr, at redshifts less than ~1. Since they are heavily extincted, we predict their IR luminosities to be relatively large, around LIR = 1011 L☉, i.e., near or slightly below the luminosities of the galaxies detected by ISO in the same redshift range. Taking into account the integrated IR luminosity of the LCG galaxy population can lead to a significant upward revision of the cosmic SFR density in the redshift range from 0.5 to 1.
Transcription from the intron-containing chicken histone H2A.F gene is not S-phase regulated.

The nucleotide sequence of an 8.2 kb BamHI fragment containing the entire chicken histone H2AF gene has been determined. Unlike the majority of histone genes, the coding region is interrupted by four intervening sequences. While sequencing the 8.2 kb BamHI fragment it was found that the promoter and first exon of an unidentified non-histone gene lies immediately downstream of the H2AF gene. Studies of H2AF gene transcription show that, unlike the major core and H1 histone genes, it is not coupled to DNA synthesis.
A gradient system on the quantum information space that realizes the Karmarkar flow for linear programming

In the paper of Uwano (Czech. J. of Phys., vol.56, pp.1311-1316 (2006)), a gradient system is found on the space of density matrices endowed with the quantum SLD Fisher metric (to be referred to as the quantum information space) that realizes a generalization of a gradient system on the space of multinomial distributions studied by Nakamura (Japan J. Indust. Appl. Math., vol.10, pp.179-189 (1993)). On motived by those papers, the present paper aims to construct a gradient system on the quantum information space that realizes the Karmarkar flow, the continuous limit of the Karmarkar projective scaling algorithm for linear programming.