Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Single-graded CIGS with narrow bandgap for tandem solar cells

Abstract Multi-junction solar cells show the highest photovoltaic energy conversion efficiencies, but the current technologies based on wafers and epitaxial growth of multiple layers are very costly. Therefore, there is a high interest in realizing multi-junction tandem devices based on cost-effective thin film technologies. While the efficiency of such devices has been limited so far because of the rather low efficiency of semitransparent wide bandgap top cells, the recent rise of wide bandgap perovskite solar cells has inspired the development of new thin film tandem solar devices. In order to realize monolithic, and therefore current-matched thin film tandem solar cells, a bottom cell with narrow bandgap (~1 eV) and high efficiency is necessary. In this work, we present Cu(In,Ga)Se2 with a bandgap of 1.00 eV and a maximum power conversion efficiency of 16.1%. This is achieved by implementing a gallium grading towards the back contact into a CuInSe2 base material. We show that this modification significantly improves the open circuit voltage but does not reduce the spectral response range of these devices. Therefore, efficient cells with narrow bandgap absorbers are obtained, yielding the high current density necessary for thin film multi-junction solar cells.
Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use Among Midwestern Rural Adolescents

ABSTRACT Prescription drug misuse has been an increasing problem in the United States, yet few studies have examined the protective factors that reduce risk of prescription drug abuse among rural adolescents. Using social control theory as a theoretical framework, we test whether parent, school, and community attachment reduce the likelihood of lifetime and 30-day prescription drug misuses among rural youths in Nebraska (N = 18,050). Results indicated that higher levels of parental and school attachment and having fun and legal things to do in the community were significantly associated with reduced odds of using. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Polymer–Fullerene Bulk‐Heterojunction Solar Cells

Solution‐processed bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices have gained serious attention during the last few years and are established as one of the leading next generation photovoltaic technologies for low cost power production. This article reviews the OPV development highlights of the last two decades, and summarizes the key milestones that have brought the technology to today’s efficiency performance of over 7%. An outlook is presented on what will be required to drive this young photovoltaic technology towards the next major milestone, a 10% power conversion efficiency, considered by many to represent the efficiency at which OPV can be adopted in wide‐spread applications. With first products already entering the market, sufficient lifetime for the intended application becomes more and more critical, and the status of OPV stability as well as the current understanding of degradation mechanisms will be reviewed in the second part of this article.
Exploring the Limits of Methane Storage and Delivery in Nanoporous Materials

The physical limits for methane storage and delivery in nanoporous materials were investigated, with a focus on whether it is possible to reach a methane deliverable capacity of 315 cm3(STP)/cm3 in line with the adsorption target established by the ARPA-E agency. Our efforts focused on how both geometric and chemical properties, such as void fraction (Vf), volumetric surface area (Sv), and heat of adsorption (Qst), impact methane deliverable capacity, i.e., the amount of methane adsorbed at some storage pressure minus the amount adsorbed at the delivery pressure. With the aid of grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations, we studied methane adsorption and delivery properties in a population of 122 835 hypothetical pcu metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and 39 idealized carbon-based porous materials. From the simulation results, we developed an analytical equation that helped us delimit the necessary material properties to reach specific methane deliverable capacity targets. The maximum deliverable capaci.
Bidirectionality in synesthesia: evidence from a multiplication verification task.

Color-grapheme synesthetes automatically perceive achromatic numbers as colored (e.g., 7 is turquoise). Up until recently, synesthesia was believed to be unidirectional. For instance, the number 7 gives rise to the percept of turquoise but the perception of turquoise does not trigger the number 7. However, some recent studies argue for bidirectional connections Cohen Kadosh et al., 2005; Johnson et al., 2007; Knoch et al., 2005). In this study, a multiplication verification task (e.g., 7 x 2 = 14, true/false? ) was used to test bidirectionality. In agreement with previous studies we observed that the presentation of colors evokes numerical magnitudes. The current findings add two important notions to previous studies: (a) The influence of color on the processing of numerical information can be extended to multiplication verification tasks and (b) The perception of color can both facilitate and interfere with the processing of digit-related information.
More Than Friends and Family? Estimating the Direct and Indirect Effects of Religiosity on Substance Use in Emerging Adulthood

Religiosity tends to negatively influence substance use among emerging adults because religious communities can serve as pro-social reference groups and provide alternative resources for coping with stress and negative life events. The relationship may also be mediated, however, by differences in family attachments and drug- and alcohol-using peer associations. With data from a nationally representative panel study, I implemented longitudinal structural equation modeling to simultaneously assess both direct and indirect effects of religiosity on substance use. While a substantive portion of its effect is mediated by substance-using peers, it is mostly direct, and increasingly so as individuals transition from late adolescence to emerging adulthood. Furthermore, religion appears to be a particularly effective social institution, as religiosity decreases contemporary substance use but is not itself affected by prior substance use. Religiosity may thus be beneficial with regard to certain short- and long-term health outcomes related to substance use during emerging adulthood.
Visualisation of periprostatic neurovascular bundles before and after radical prostatectomy by means of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), with clinical correlations

Poster: "ECR 2017 / C-2924 / Visualisation of periprostatic neurovascular bundles before and after radical prostatectomy by means of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), with clinical correlations" by: "A. J. Cybulski1, V. Di Paola2, R. Negrelli1, S. Brancato1, E. Boninsegna1, R. Manfredi1, R. Pozzi-Mucelli1; 1Verona/IT, 2Legnano/IT"
Environmental Health Criteria 240 PRINCIPLES AND METHODS FOR THE RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICALS IN FOOD

Acceptable Enzyme preparations: Used to describe enzymes that are obtained from edible tissues of animals or plants commonly used as foods or are derived from microorganisms that are traditionally accepted as constituents of foods or are normally used in the preparation of foods. Such enzyme preparations are considered to be acceptable provided that satisfactory chemical and microbiological specifications can be established.
The Bonny method of guided imagery and music (BMGIM)

Innen musikkterapeutisk arbeid finnes det to hovedretninger. Den ene innfallsvinkelen bygger pa aktiv musikkutovelse, mens den andre retningen er knyttet til musikklytting. Innenfor en slik musikklyttende (reseptiv) tilnaerming, er det forskjellige retninger og fremgangsmater (Grocke & Wigram 2007). Denne teksten setter fokus pa lyttemetoden The Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (BMGIM), som kan kalles “Ledsaget musikkreise” pa norsk (Trondalen 2006a). Under verdenskonferansen i musikkterapi Washington i 1999, ble BMGIM presentert som en av de fem store modellene innen musikkterapeutisk arbeid. I teksten fokuseres BMGIM gjennom et historisk omriss fra oppstarten pa 1970-tallet og frem til utbredelsen i Norge i dag. Videre presenteres BMGIM som lyttemetode gjennom a synliggjore gangen i en BMGIM sesjon, for vi setter sokelyset pa selve musikken i denne reseptive metoden. Deretter folger et eksempel fra en BMGIM sesjon, for en kort diskusjon og oppsummering.
Interleaving Techniques for W-CDMA Linear Equalization Receivers

This paper focuses on the use of specific interleaving techniques for use in W-CDMA (wideband code division multiple access). The linear equalization algorithm usually performs a matrix inversion on a matrix with a high level of sparseness, and such sparseness shouldn't be compromised with the use of a random interleaver; specific interleaver designs should be employed in order to keep the complexity of the equalization algorithm down to an acceptable level. The used equalizer is based on the linear MMSE (minimum mean square error) algorithm and is tested using the UMTS (universal mobile telecommunications system) HSDPA (high speed downlink packet access) standard as a basis, including the reference UMTS environments.
Could Navigation Be the Key to Language ?

This article analyses navigation and language parsing as tw o instances of the same abstract computation, and suggests that the tool needed may have evolved to se rve the former task, and was then reused for the latter. Supporting evidence for the idea, based on th e authors’ concept of ‘songline’ navigation, is discussed in the context of current linguistic, psy chological and neuroscience research. The discussion is concluded with an outline of a number of experi m nts that could shed further light on the subject.
Different Income Information as an Indicator for Health Inequality among Japanese Adults

BACKGROUND There are several alternative indicators of income information, which is a fundamental measure of individual socioeconomic position. In this study, we compared the degrees of associations of four types of income information with health variables among Japanese adults. METHODS Using a nationally representative sample of 29,446 men and 32,917 women aged 20 years and over, the associations between four income indicators and health variables were examined using the odds ratio in logistic regression analysis and the concentration index by sex and age group (20-59 years and 60+ years). Income indicators consisted of total household income, equivalent household income, total household expenditure, and equivalent household expenditure. Current smoking and self-rated health statuses were used as health variables. RESULTS A low income was associated with a high prevalence of smoking and fair/poor self-rated health, with some differences among sex and age groups and income indicators, but less difference among methods of statistical analyses. Total and equivalent incomes were similarly and more markedly associated with smoking and self-rated health statuses, whereas equivalent expenditure showed the smallest degree of health difference. For the population aged 60+ years, the degree of health differences in smoking was similar between income and expenditure. CONCLUSIONS Although the degree of income-related health differences is dependent on health outcome and both sex and age group, this study suggests that either crude or equivalent household income is a useful indicator for health inequality among Japanese adults.
Association of ATM and BMI‐1 genetic variation with breast cancer risk in Han Chinese

We tested the hypothesis that genetic variation in ATM and BMI‐1 genes can alter the risk of breast cancer through genotyping 6 variants among 524 breast cancer cases and 518 cancer‐free controls of Han nationality. This was an observational, hospital‐based, case–control association study. Analyses of single variant, linkage, haplotype, interaction and nomogram were performed. Risk was expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). All studied variants were in the Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium and were not linked. The mutant allele frequencies of rs1890637, rs3092856 and rs1801516 in ATM gene were significantly higher in cases than in controls (P = .005, <.001 and .001, respectively). Two variants, rs1042059 and rs201024480, in BMI‐1 gene were low penetrant, with no detectable significance. After adjustment, rs189037 and rs1801516 were significantly associated with breast cancer under the additive model (OR: 1.37 and 1.52, 95% CI: 1.10‐1.71 and 1.14‐2.04, P: .005 and .005, respectively). In haplotype analysis, haplotypes A‐C‐G‐G (in order of rs189037, rs3092856, rs1801516 and rs373759) and A‐C‐A‐A in ATM gene were significantly associated with 1.98‐fold and 6.04‐fold increased risk of breast cancer (95% CI: 1.36‐2.90 and 1.65‐22.08, respectively). Nomogram analysis estimated that the cumulative proportion of 3 significant variants in ATM gene was about 12.5%. Our findings collectively indicated that ATM gene was a candidate gene in susceptibility to breast cancer in Han Chinese.
Novel Approach to Predict Cardiovascular Disease Using Incremental SVM

Now a days medical science has huge amount of data for various diagnosis of patient. With the help of data mining technique it will find out hidden information in the data. Getting medical attention early helps to take effective decision. In this paper data mining classification techniques Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Incremental SVM are analyzed on cardiovascular disease dataset. The result shows that Incremental SVM model, classify datasets based upon cardiovascular disease with less error and gives more accurate result.
A Concept Selection Method for Designing Climbing Robots

This paper presents a concept selection methodology, inspired by the Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) model and Pugh's weighted matrix method, for designing climbing robots conceptually based on an up-to-date literature review. The proposed method is illustrated with a case study of ongoing research, the investigation of an adaptable and energetically autonomous climbing robot, in Loughborough University.
Heterogeneity among Homologs of Cutinase-Like Protein Cut5 in Mycobacteria

The study of genomic variability within various pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of mycobacteria provides insight into their evolution and pathogenesis. The mycobacterial genome encodes seven cutinase-like proteins and each one of these exhibit distinct characteristics. We describe the presence of Cut5, a member of the cutinase family, in mycobacteria and the existence of a unique genomic arrangement in the cut5 gene of M. tuberculosis (Mtb) strains. A single nucleotide (T) insertion is observed in the cut5 gene, which is specific for Mtb strains. Using in silico analysis and RT-PCR, we demonstrate the transcription of Rv3724/cut5 as Rv3724a/cut5a and Rv3724b/cut5b in Mtb H37Rv and as full length cut5 in M. bovis. Cut5b protein of Mtb H37Rv (MtbCut5b) was found to be antigenically similar to its homologs in M. bovis and M. smegmatis, without any observed cross-reactivity with other Mtb cutinases. Also, the presence of Cut5b in Mtb and its homologs in M. bovis and M. smegmatis were confirmed by western blotting using antibodies raised against recombinant Cut5b. In Mtb H37Rv, Cut5b was found to be localized in the cell wall, cytosol and membrane fractions. We also report the vast prevalence of Cut5 homologs in pathogenic and non pathogenic species of mycobacteria. In silico analysis revealed that this protein has three possible organizations in mycobacteria. Also, a single nucleotide (T) insertion in Mtb strains and varied genomic arrangements within mycobacterial species make Rv3724/Cut5 a potential candidate that can be exploited as a biomarker in Mtb infection.
Chapter 2 HLA Class I Expression in Human Cancer

Loss or down-regulation of HLA class I antigens in tumor cells has been frequently observed in a variety of human malignancies and it represents an important cancer immune escape mechanism (Garrido et al. 1997a ; Marincola et al. 2000 ; Campoli et al. 2002 ; Chang et al. 2005 ; Aptsiauri et al. 2007 ). Viruses use similar mechanism to avoid recognition and elimination by the immune system (Ploegh 1998 ). The fi rst description of MHC class I loss was done in a mouse model (Gardener lymphoma) in Dr. Festenstein laboratory in 1976 (Garrido et al. 1976a , b ). The production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against HLA molecules (Barnstable et al. 1978 ) made possible to analyze HLA expression in human cell lines and solid tumors. At fi rst, the reported percentage of HLA class I loss was low (10–30 %) (Garrido et al. 1993 ), since only monomorphic monoclonal antibodies (recognizing an epitope common to all HLA class I molecules) were available at that time. These studies were able to detect only total loss of tumor HLA class I expression and due to low incidence these fi ndings did not attract much attention and were not considered to be signifi cant. Later on, with the appearance of more specifi c monoclonal antibodies (anti-locus-A, -B and anti-allele-specifi c antibodies), which recognize polymorphic portions of these molecules, the incidence of HLA altered expression in cancer has been found to be much higher, increasing the relevance of these defects in the immune response against tumor. Using a broad panel of monoclonal antibodies on cryostat tumor tissue sections these alterations have been found in 60–90 % of tumors depending on the histological type of cancer (Blades et al. 1995 ; Cabrera et al. 1996 , 1998 , 2000 ; Koopman et al. 2000 ; Kageshita et al. 2005 ). Unfortunately, the number of available allele-specifi c monoclonal antibodies is still limited. Therefore, the true percentage of HLA class I defects, especially allelic losses, may perhaps be much higher in different types of malignancy. Thus, early studies using immunohistological analysis of different tumors showed a very low frequency of allelic loss. However, with the arrival of other techniques, such as the study of microsatellites to detect loss of heterozygosity Chapter 2 HLA Class I Expression in Human Cancer
Low-Noise Biopotential Recording Circuit with Correlated Timeshare Sampling

Low-noise biopotential readout circuit for CMOS front-end micro system is presented using correlated double sampling (CDS) technology. CDS technology provides an excellent method for the reduction of KTC noise and 1/f noise in low-frequency signal processing, and because of its simple circuit structure it can be a widespread application for neural signal recording. The proposed readout circuit consists of close-loop bioamplifier with active DC-offset suppression and output stage of standard switched-capacitors (SC) circuit. As demonstrated by the simulation results, the readout circuit with CDS significantly suppresses low-frequency noise which focuses in the biopotential signal range from 10Hz to 10 KHz. The power spectrum is plotted in the low frequency range.
A Feature-Rich Workflow Description Language that Supports Resource Co-allocations

A very important topic in the effort of deploying workflow applications in grid environments is finding a means to describe the complex application structures that is simple for users yet expressive enough to provide the workflow scheduler with the information needed to make (good) scheduling decisions. A workflow description language defines syntax and semantics for specifying workflow tasks and their relationships; thus it provides an abstract and formalized representation of the complex workflow structures in text format. But the existing workflow description languages focus on expressiveness with respect to describing the data and control flow of workflow structures. They lack the ability to specify resource request information in support of resource allocations for workflow tasks by the scheduler. In addition, we have found that many of the features requested by end users are not, or are only partially supported in current workflow languages. In this paper, we present a high-level abstract language for domain scientists to describe workflow applications in grid environments, the Grid Application Modeling and Description Language (GAMDL). GAMDL associates resource request information with a workflow description so that a workflow scheduler can make resource co-allocation requests based only on the workflow description itself. In terms of expressiveness, GAMDL is able to describe data-flow structures of complex domain problems, and also allows the definition of control-flow logic within the data-flow. Designed to be intuitive and suitable for users without a background in grid computing, GAMDL provides features that are not available in other languages.
Management of airway mucus hypersecretion in chronic airway inflammatory disease: Chinese expert consensus (English edition)

Airway mucus hypersecretion is one of the most important characteristics of chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Evaluating and managing airway mucus hypersecretion is of great importance for patients with chronic airway inflammatory diseases. This consensus statement describes the pathogenesis, clinical features, and the management of airway mucus hypersecretion in patients with chronic airway inflammatory diseases in the People’s Republic of China. The statement has been written particularly for respiratory researchers, pulmonary physicians, and patients.
Is age associated with size of adult extrahepatic bile duct: sonographic study.

PURPOSE To determine if the size of the extrahepatic bile duct increases with age in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 258 consecutive patients 18 years and older, without known biliary or pancreatic disease, who were fasting to undergo routine abdominal sonography were examined. The transverse and anteroposterior dimensions of the extrahepatic bile duct were measured proximally at the porta hepatis, at the middle above the head of the pancreas, and distally at the head of the pancreas. Simple linear regression of the average of these measurements against age tested the hypothesis of a slope of 1.0 mm per decade. RESULTS The sample included a wide variety of ages: 55 years +/- 16 (mean +/- SD), with a range of 20-92 years, including 151 men and 107 women. One-tenth of the cohort were younger than 35 years old and one-tenth were older than 77 years old. The six measurements were proximal-transverse 3.5 mm +/- 1.0, proximal-anteroposterior 2.9 mm +/- 1.1, middle-transverse 3.9 mm +/- 1.2, middle-anteroposterior 3.4 mm +/- 1.2, distal-transverse 4.1 mm +/- 1.2, distal-anteroposterior 3.5 mm +/- 1.2. Least squares regression slope differed significantly from 0.1 mm per year (95% CI; -0.000703, +0.00110) and in fact contained zero. CONCLUSION Findings were not able to help confirm an association between age and size of the extrahepatic bile duct in an asymptomatic adult population.
Noncoding RNA:RNA Regulatory Networks in Cancer

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute the majority of the human transcribed genome. This largest class of RNA transcripts plays diverse roles in a multitude of cellular processes, and has been implicated in many pathological conditions, especially cancer. The different subclasses of ncRNAs include microRNAs, a class of short ncRNAs; and a variety of long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), such as lincRNAs, antisense RNAs, pseudogenes, and circular RNAs. Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of these ncRNAs in competitive regulatory interactions, known as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, whereby lncRNAs can act as microRNA decoys to modulate gene expression. These interactions are often interconnected, thus aberrant expression of any network component could derail the complex regulatory circuitry, culminating in cancer development and progression. Recent integrative analyses have provided evidence that new computational platforms and experimental approaches can be harnessed together to distinguish key ceRNA interactions in specific cancers, which could facilitate the identification of robust biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and hence, more effective cancer therapies and better patient outcome and survival.