Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The treatment of acute schizophrenia without drugs: an investigation of some current assumptions.

proaches to schizophrenia have been used for years ·f and have provided a rich source of information on phe-:~ nomenology and treatment effects. However, in the ab-;i, sence of rigorous research methodology this informa-;~ tion base is often dismissed as anecdotal, and the influ-:. ; ;jJ ence of psychoanalysis and related psychological; approaches on the treatment of schizophrenic patients l : has waned. There are formidable intricacies involved;: in developing appropriate measures of change specifi-. ;~ cally relevant to the aims of psychotherapy, and until '~ recently little attention has been paid to such assess: ment problems (4-8). Thus. for example. it is possible) to demonstrate that drugs are more effective than psy-J chotherapy in reducing a paranoid patient's bellig-j erency. but there is no way to assess the effectiveness~:1 of either mode of treatment on this palient's capacity~ for i n t i m a c y. i Pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia is ex-}; traordinarily important in psychiatry. We bel ieve, however er, that the treatment of schizophrenia has become ~ so extensively drug oriented that a significant impediment has a,:isen to the exploration of alternati ve therapeutic approaches. The situation has reversed from;l~ the 1950s, when a commitment to psychological treat-'~ ment philosophies posed a serious resistance to phar-t macological innovations. Klein (9) has noted that the A automatic and immediate administration of neurolep-' tics to disturbed patients often precedes and precludes even a diagnostic evaluation. This widespread and premature foreclosure on the optimal treatment of schizo-phrenia is reflected by the fact that millions of people take neuroleptics as the only important component of their treatment. " LIMITATIONS IN KNOWLEDGE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA This narrowing of our clinical approach is especially~ alarming considering how little we know about schizoq phrenia. These limitations include the following: I. We know virtually nothing about the etiology 0 schizophrenia. Despite evidence for a genetic contrib tion in some forms of schizophrenia, we know nothi about the nature of this component, how it may con tribute to vulnerability, or to what extent it account for the variance in manifest schizophrenia. At present The authors examine the course of49 acute schizophrenic patients in a program at the National Institutes a/Health (NIH) emphasizing psychosocial treatment and sharply limiting the use ofmedication and contrast it with that oI73 similar patients receiving "usual" treatment in a separate study. Follow-up of the NIH group at one year and the other …
Effect of Sex, Bird Size and Marination on Duck Breast Meat Quality

Several factors may affect poultry breast meat quality, both intrinsic characteristics (age, sex, size and strain) and external influences (carcass aging time postmortem before deboning, fillet marination and cooking method). Commercial duck processors are now expanding into the deboned breast meat markets but very little research is available on duck meat quality as compared to other poultry species. Therefore, the following study was conducted to determine the effect of duck sex, size and fillet marination on breast meat quality. Duck rearing, processing and carcass deboning were conducted at a commercial facility. Carcasses were kept separate by sex and were then sized to 1.6 kg (S), 2.0 kg (M) and 2.5 kg (L) after chilling. After 6 h aging on the carcass, breast fillets were removed and half of the fillets from each sex-size category were marinated while the other half of the fillets (unmarinated) were held as controls. A total of 360 fillets were produced, 30 in each of 12 categories (2 sexes X 3 sizes X 2 treatments). At the laboratory, fillets were weighed, evaluated for raw color, cooked, reweighed, evaluated for cooked color and sheared via WarnerBratzler (WB). Uncooked and cooked fillet weights were significantly affected by bird size (p<0.05). Marination increased fillet cook yield compared to control fillets (73.5% versus 69.1%, respectively) and decreased WB shear values (2.2 kg versus 3.2 kg, respectively). Less force was required to shear the first slice using WB as compared to the second WB slice (2.4 and 3.0 kg, respectively). Lightness (L*) and yellowness (b*) values were lower in uncooked fillets from females than males ducks and marination decreased raw fillet L* values and cooked b* values for both sexes. Results showed that sex, carcass size and marination affect duck breast meat quality.
A static resource allocation framework for Grid‐based streaming applications

A number of applications increasingly rely on, or can potentially benefit from, analysis and monitoring of data streams. To support the processing of streaming data in a Grid environment, we have been developing a middleware system called GATES (Grid‐based AdapTive Execution on Streams). Our target applications are those involving high‐volume data streams and requiring distributed processing of data arising from a distributed set of sources. This paper addresses the problem of resource allocation in the GATES system. Although resource discovery and resource allocation have been active topics in Grid community, the pipelined processing and real‐time constraint required by distributed streaming applications pose new challenges. We present a resource allocation algorithm that is based on minimal spanning trees. We evaluate the algorithm experimentally and demonstrate that it results in configurations that are very close to optimal, and significantly better than most other possible configurations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Presence of E6 and E7 mRNA from Human Papillomavirus Types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45 in the Majority of Cervical Carcinomas

ABSTRACT The oncogenic potential of the human papillomavirus (HPV) early genes E6 and E7 is well established and a source of interest with regard to HPV testing for cervical carcinoma. Here we present a study performed with 204 histologically confirmed invasive cervical squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in which we evaluated the HPV E6 and E7 mRNA detection assay PreTect HPV-Proofer for detection of high-risk HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45. For further evaluation, detection of E6 and E7 mRNA from HPV types 35, 52, and 58 by real-time multiplex nucleic acid sequence-based amplification was also included. For comparison and to assess the overall prevalence of various HPV types, samples were also tested for HPV DNA by both consensus and type-specific PCR, reverse line blotting, sequencing, and in situ hybridization. The overall prevalence of HPV was 97%. HPV E6 and E7 transcripts were detected in 188 of 204 (92%) biopsy specimens, of which 181 contained one of the following HPV types: 16, 18, 31, 33, or 45. Consensus PCR and type-specific PCR detected HPV in 187 of 204 and 188 of 204 (92%) specimens, respectively. In conclusion, this study verifies the presence of HPV E6 and E7 mRNA in SCCs and demonstrates that HPV infections among Norwegian women with SCCs are limited mainly to the five high-risk types, 16, 18, 31, 33, and 45. This, together with the fact that PreTect HPV-Proofer detects the HPV oncogenic transcripts, suggests that the assay is a valuable approach in the field of HPV detection in cervical carcinoma.
Determinantes da qualidade da informação contábil no contexto internacional The determinants of the quality of accounting information in the international context Determinantes de la calidad de la información contable en el contexto internacional

The objective of the study is to analyze the influence of the degree of internationalization of companies, together with regulatory standards and business incentives, the quality of accounting. For this purpose, descriptive, documentary and quantitative survey was conducted with 1,406 companies located in twelve countries. The sample considered companies released information about their income and assets abroad, in addition to other information needed to operationalize the attributes quality of accruals, persistence, predictability and smoothing. After individual measurement of each attribute by company, elaborated a ranking of the quality of accounting information, from the multi-criteria analysis method TOPSIS and entropy technique. The results indicated that, when considering the legal environment, the level of perception of corruption and the legal origin of the host countries of companies, lower financial leverage and the greater intensity in the internationalization of companies have proved decisive factors for the better position in the ranking the quality of accounting information.
VPL: an active, declarative visual programming system

VPL is a visual programming language and environment for interactive image processing. VPL uses a novel system architecture which separates interaction and computation components in order to provide a highly interactive visual programming user-interface. VPL is based on a declarative, demand driven dataflow model of computation. It is a practical, usable visual programming system, integrating tools for browsing, inspecting and editing components and documentation. VPL also provides data persistence and data import/export mechanisms. The visual programming model supports both function extensibility and higher order functions, allowing users to build their own program dataflow structures within the VPL environment. <<ETX>>
Behavioural Responses to Thermal Conditions Affect Seasonal Mass Change in a Heat-Sensitive Northern Ungulate

Background Empirical tests that link temperature-mediated changes in behaviour (activity and resource selection) to individual fitness or condition are currently lacking for endotherms yet may be critical to understanding the effect of climate change on population dynamics. Moose (Alces alces) are thought to suffer from heat stress in all seasons so provide a good biological model to test whether exposure to non-optimal ambient temperatures influence seasonal changes in body mass. Seasonal mass change is an important fitness correlate of large herbivores and affects reproductive success of female moose. Methodology/Principal Findings Using GPS-collared adult female moose from two populations in southern Norway we quantified individual differences in seasonal activity budget and resource selection patterns as a function of seasonal temperatures thought to induce heat stress in moose. Individual body mass was recorded in early and late winter, and autumn to calculate seasonal mass changes (n = 52 over winter, n = 47 over summer). We found large individual differences in temperature-dependent resource selection patterns as well as within and between season variability in thermoregulatory strategies. As expected, individuals using an optimal strategy, selecting young successional forest (foraging habitat) at low ambient temperatures and mature coniferous forest (thermal shelter) during thermally stressful conditions, lost less mass in winter and gained more mass in summer. Conclusions/Significance This study provides evidence that behavioural responses to temperature have important consequences for seasonal mass change in moose living in the south of their distribution in Norway, and may be a contributing factor to recently observed declines in moose demographic performance. Although the mechanisms that underlie the observed temperature mediated habitat-fitness relationship remain to be tested, physiological state and individual variation in thermal tolerance are likely contributory factors. Climate-related effects on animal behaviour, and subsequently fitness, are expected to intensify as global warming continues.
The glycine reuptake inhibitor Org 25935 decreases ethanol intake and preference in male wistar rats.

UNLABELLED Previous findings from our group indicate that accumbal glycine receptors (GlyRs) are involved in mediating the dopamine (DA) activating effects of ethanol (EtOH), and that administration of glycine locally into the nucleus accumbens (nAc) reduces EtOH consumption in EtOH high-preferring rats. AIMS The present study examines the influence of a systemically administered glycine reuptake inhibitor, Org 25935, on EtOH preference and intake, in male Wistar rats with an EtOH preference >60% (during continuous access to a bottle of EtOH, 6% v/v, and a bottle of water), called EP>60 rats, as well as in animals with an EtOH preference <60%, called EP<60 rats. Org 25935 is an inhibitor of the glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) protein with negligible action on the glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2) protein. METHODS Both EP>60 and EP<60 rats were limited to drink 2.5 h/day. Org 25935 or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally approximately 40 min before the rats were presented to a choice of drinking EtOH or water. RESULTS Org 25935 decreased EtOH intake and EtOH preference, as compared with vehicle, whereas water intake was unaffected. This effect was dose-dependent, developed gradually and was sustained for up to 40 days, also after introduction of an alcohol deprivation period. CONCLUSION It is suggested that Org 25935, and possibly also other GlyT1 inhibitors, can represent a new pharmacological treatment principle for alcohol dependence or abuse.
One-way fluxes of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Trans effects and effects of sodium and potassium

One-way fluxes in the steady state and one-way influxes at zero intracellular concentrations were measured for alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells at 32 degrees C. The one-way fulxes show trans effects in the concentration of AIB and are dependent on sodium levels. The one-way fluxes for initial influx and for the steady state were fitted with the equations derived for the frequently used two-state carrier model. Estimates of the parameters of these equations were obtained with use of nonlinear least squares. These gave relatively good fits of the flux data and the data on steady-state distribution ratios. The two-state carrier model predicted a trans inhibition of one-way influx and a trans stimulation of one-way efflux. The former phenomenon has been demonstrated for AIB transport in Ehrlich ascites cells and there is evidence, through less firm, for the latter.
Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neurone disease (FALS): a review of current developments.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neurone disease (MND) is a relatively common neurodegenerative condition with a prevalence of approximately 5 per 100 000 and is char-acterised by loss of motor neurones in the spinal cord, brain stem, and motor cortex. Approximately 5 to 10% of ALS cases are familial. The familial form is indistinguishable from the sporadic form with a mean age of onset of 50 years and a rapid progression of approximately three years duration. Recently, mutations in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) have been identified in a subpopulation of familial cases and this has stimulated an enormous amount of interest. This finding has opened the way to investigating potential pathogenic mechanisms and de-veloping treatment rationales. However, the picture is still incomplete as SOD-1 mutations have only been detected in a minority of cases (fig 1) and the value of identifying subjects at risk in the subgroup is debatable. The aim of this review is to provide a summary ofthe most recent developments in FALS research which give an insight into the possible mechanisms underlying the disease and their implications and expectations for affected subjects.
“It’s a Business”: Student Affairs Practitioners’ Transition From a Not-for-Profit to For-Profit Institution of Higher Education

In this phenomenological inquiry the author examined the experience of transitioning from student affairs work at not-for-profit colleges and universities to work in institutions of higher education that generate revenue or dividends for owners, investors, or shareholders, commonly called for-profit institutions. Multiple interviews with 11 participants yielded 5 themes: a focus on business, the purpose of student affairs work, position role and responsibilities, the supervisory relationship, and alternate preparation for for-profit work. Implications are addressed, including the process, setting, and context of work; making one’s philosophy explicit; the role of graduate preparation programs; and position level and gender.
Myeloma Cells and Their Interactions With the Bone Marrow Endothelial Cells

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy characterized by a monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM), secretion of paraprotein in serum, development of osteolytic bone lesions and angiogenesis in the BM. In the BM, MM cells receive signals to survive and proliferate due to the existence of functional, mutual interactions between the MM cells and the BM stromal cells. This stroma not only offers protection against apoptosis and leads to growth stimulation, but also has a role in the clinical very relevant drug resistance. As such, it became clear that the BM stroma can also become a therapeutical target in addition to the MM cells. In the past, the BM fibroblasts were considered to be the main stromal cells that interact with the MM cells. However, since the observation of a myeloma associated angiogenesis in patients and in the 5TMM mouse model, it became clear that the endothelial cells (EC) are also an important participant of the BM stromal cells. BMEC are involved in the specific homing of MM cells and are a source of paracrine growth factors. In this review, the interaction between BMEC and MM cells will be dis-
Superior Multi-Class Classification Through a Margin-Optimized Single Binary Problem

The problem of multiclass-to-binary reductions in the context of classification with kernel machines continues to attract considerable attention. Indeed, the current understanding of this problem is rather limited. Despite the multitude of proposed solutions no single method is known to be consistently superior to others. We developed a new multi-class classification method that reduces the multi-class problem to a single binary classifier (SBC). Our method constructs the binary problem by embedding smaller binary problems into a single space. We show that the construction of a good embedding, which allows for large margin classification, can be reduced to the task of learning linear combinations of kernels. We observe that a known margin generalization error-bound for standard binary classification applies to our construction. Our empirical examination of the new method indicates that it can outperform one-vs-all, all-pairs and the error-correcting output coding scheme.
TIGER 700 RMRS Construction as Treebank Conversion

This paper documents the TIGER 700 RMRS Treebank which has been obtained as the result of a software project. The treebank is a semantic projection from a subset of the TIGER Dependency Bank and was derived automatically, using treebank conversion methods. In a second phase, it will be manually validated and corrections will be made as necessary, supported by an interactive editing tool.
Enveloping Operads and Bicolored Noncrossing Configurations

An operad structure on certain bicolored noncrossing configurations in regular polygons is studied. Motivated by this study, a general functorial construction of enveloping operad, with input a colored operad and output an operad, is presented. The operad of noncrossing configurations is shown to be the enveloping operad of a colored operad of bubbles. Several suboperads are also investigated and described by generators and relations.
Augmented Reality for Realistic Simulation Using Improved Snake and Picking Algorithm by Proportional Relational Expression

In realistic simulation of mobile Augmented Reality, essential point is how to best depict occluded area in such a way that the user can correctly infer the depth relationships between real and virtual objects. However, if the constructed 3D map of real world is not accurate or the density is not sufficient to estimate the object boundary, it is very difficult to determine the occluded area. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a new method for calculating the occlusion area using the improved snake algorithm and picking algo-rithm by the proportional relational expression. First, we generated the wireframe by the DEM in the experimental region and mapped to CCD real image using visual clues. And then, we calculated the 3D information at the point where occlusion problem for a moving virtual target by the proposed method. Experimental results show the validity of the proposed approach under the environment in which partial occlusions occur.
Fighting Phishing Attacks: A Lightweight Trust Architecture for Detecting Spoofed Emails

We present a novel key distribution architecture and a novel use of a particular identity-based digital signature scheme for making email trustworthy. Like typical digital signatures, our solution fights email-based phishing attacks and mitigates spam by detecting spoofed emails. Unlike typical digital signatures, our approach requires no complex, preestablished public-key infrastructure nor cooperation between email domains. Furthermore, it provides just enough trust to make email useful again, but not too much: email remains repudiable. All current legitimate uses of email – alternate email personalities, alternate outgoing mail servers, PGP or S/MIME encryption, sending attachments, web-based email etc. . – remain fully functional. The end-to-end nature of email is preserved: the only requirements are an upgraded email client and at least one keyserver. We call this approach a Lightweight Trust Architecture.
Towards big ideas of science education

This article makes a case for expressing the aims of science education in terms of the development of a relatively small number of "big ideas" of science and about science. It considers the principles and criteria for guiding selection of the ideas and the reasons for describing them in narrative form. It discusses progression and implications for classroom practice in relation to choice of curriculum content, teaching and assessment. It draws on a publication that resulted from an international seminar involving a group of experienced science educators, scientists and engineers from different parts of the world.
Neuroticism and the brain : Neuroimaging and genetic imaging studies on the personality trait neuroticism

Het doel van dit proefschrift is het onderzoeken van de neurale mechanismen, die ten grondslag liggen aan neuroticisme, om beter te begrijpen waarom hoog scorende mensen op deze persoonlijkheidstrek kwetsbaarder zijn om psychiatrische stoornissen te ontwikkelen. Om dit doel te bereiken, hebben we meta-analytische, neuroimaging en genetic imaging studies uitgevoerd. Tijdens rust zien we al dat de hersenen van hoog scorende mensen op neuroticisme een andere functionele netwerkorganisatie hebben, dan die van laag scorende mensen. Om precies te zijn, laten we zien dat subnetwerken gerelateerd aan het verwerken van emoties een prominentere rol spelen binnen het netwerk van deze hoog scorende mensen, dan subnetwerken die deze emoties juist moeten reguleren en cognitief controleren. Dit zien we ook terug in de resultaten van de meta-analyse en de taken die wij hebben onderzocht. Verder vonden we ook dat genen wellicht een effect hebben op de functionele netwerkorganisatie, tevens in associatie met neuroticisme. Samenvattend, de bevindingen van dit proefschrift kunnen mogelijkerwijs i) meer licht werpen op de relatie tussen neuroticisme en psychiatrische stoornissen en ii) helpen bij het ontwikkelen van meer toegespitste behandelingen, die kunnen voorkomen dat hoog scorende mensen op neuroticisme een transitie maken van een gezonde staat naar een klinische staat.