Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ATM switching and IP routing integration: the next stage in Internet evolution

User demand for more bandwidth and QoS support has fuelled interest in the use of ATM as an underlying link-layer technology in the Internet. The challenge is how best to exploit the potential benefits of ATM while maintaining the inherent strengths of the IP layer that have made the Internet so successful. The suitability of various schemes with regard to meeting these goals is described. In particular we focus on work that tightly integrates the IP and ATM layers to produce hybrid (or integrated) ATM switch/IP routers with very favourable characteristics.
Nitric oxide and hyperoxic acute lung injury

Hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI) refers to the damage to the lungs secondary to exposure to elevated oxygen partial pressure. HALI has been a concern in clinical practice with the development of deep diving and the use of normobaric as well as hyperbaric oxygen in clinical practice. Although the pathogenesis of HALI has been extensively studied, the findings are still controversial. Nitric oxide (NO) is an intercellular messenger and has been considered as a signaling molecule involved in many physiological and pathological processes. Although the role of NO in the occurrence and development of pulmonary diseases including HALI has been extensively studied, the findings on the role of NO in HALI are conflicting. Moreover, inhalation of NO has been approved as a therapeutic strategy for several diseases. In this paper, we briefly summarize the role of NO in the pathogenesis of HALI and the therapeutic potential of inhaled NO in HALI.
Comparisons with spatial autocorrelation and spatial association rule mining

Spatial autocorrelation is a very general statistical property of economic variables, it indicates correlation of a variable with itself through space. Spatial association rule mining, discovery of interesting, meaningful rules in spatial databases, ignores autocorrelation of the spatial data, or just generalizes the spatial data into attribute data currently. In order to compare the results between spatial autocorrelation and spatial association rule mining, in this paper, the spatial association rules were mined by Apriori algorithm and it's development algorithm. Then, spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial regression analysis were implemented on the same spatial data set. The experimental data is about the county-level revenue and population, education state, health state and social security state in China from 2000 to 2005. The results of the spatial association rules mining proves that economic level such as per capita revenue and social security have stronger correlation. The result of spatial autocorrelation is that from 2000 to 2005, national county-level per capita revenue, education, health and social security present positive spatial correlation. There is little interannual change in the spatial distribution of per capita revenue, and low economic level applies to almost all counties all over the nation. Education, the situation that low value areas are surrounded by high value areas universally exists, which shows that little significant positive influence from high level areas is exerted on low level areas. At the same time, the interprovincial education gap is gradually increasing. Health, in the year 2000 to 2005, there is a growing aggregation trend in China's county-level health spatial pattern, and there are more low value areas in health. Social security, in the research years, the aggregation trend is gradually decreasing. While spatial heterogeneity is increasing.
A Cross-Sectional and Temporal Analysis of Information Consumption on Twitter

We report on an exploratory analysis of the similarities and differences among three different forms of information consumption on Twitter viz., following, listing and subscribing. We construct a crosssectional and temporal framework to analyze the relationships among these three forms. Our analysis reveals several interesting patterns of information consumption on Twitter. First, we find that people not only consume information by following others explicitly but also by listing and subscribing to lists and that the people they list or subscribe to are not the same as the ones they follow. Second, we find that listing and following are more similar to each other than listing and subscribing or subscribing and following. Using temporal analysis, we find that initially, people prefer to use following as a form of information consumption while subscription is a more volatile form of information consumption than following or listing.
Distributions and stoichiometry of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in the iron-fertilized region near Kerguelen (Southern Ocean)

Abstract. During KEOPS2 (Kerguelen Ocean and Plateau Compared Study 2), we determined dissolved inorganic and organic nitrogen and phosphorus species in the naturally fertilized region of Kerguelen Island (Southern Ocean). Above 150 m, stations were clearly separated by the polar front (PF), with concentrations of NO3-, NO2- and PO43- overall lower north of the PF than south. Though less pronounced, a similar trend was detectable for dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP). At all stations offshore and above the plateau, a subsurface maximum of NH4+ was observed between 50 and 150 m. We examined nutrient stoichiometry by calculating the linear combination N* = [NO3-]-16 [PO43-]. The majority of stations and depths revealed N* close to −3 μM; however, for surface waters north of the PF, N* increased up to 6 μM. This suggests a preferential uptake of PO43- versus NO3- by fast-growing diatoms. Using the tracer TNxs = [TDN]-16[TDP] (TDN, total dissolved nitrogen; TDP, total dissolved phosphorus) revealed that the dissolved organic fraction significantly contributed to changes in TNxs. TNxs values were negative for most stations and depths, and relatively constant in the 0–500 m layer. As for N*, the stations north of the PF had higher TNxs in the 0–100 m layer. We discuss this stoichiometric anomaly with respect to possible external sources and sinks of N and P. Additional data collected in February 2013 at two sites revealed the occurrence of a subsurface minimum of N* located just below the pycnocline, which denotes a layer where remineralization of particulate organic matter with low N : P ratio P, possibly associated with preferential remineralization of P versus N, persists throughout the season.
A CUSUM approach for online change-point detection on curve sequences

Anomaly detection on sequential data is common in many domains such as fraud detection for credit cards, intrusion detection for cyber-security or military surveillance. This paper addresses a new CUSUM- like method for change point detection on curves sequences in a context of preventive maintenance of transit buses door systems. The proposed approach is derived from a specific generative modeling of curves. The system is considered out of control when the parameters of the curves density change. Experimental studies performed on realistic world data demonstrate the promising behavior of the proposed method.
DESIGNING ADMISSION CONTROL POLICIES TO MINIMIZE BLOCKING/FORCED-TERMINATION IN MULTIMEDIA CELLULAR NETWORKS

The spectacular growth and transformation of mobile cellular networks poses a great challenge in the design and engineering of such networks. More traffic is to be carried, different service types with different Quality of Service (QoS) requirements are to be handle. Moreover, a minimum QoS guarantee should be maintained even when the user moves across several cells during a session. Performing an efficient radio resource management (RRM) is mandatory in order to meet the above requirements constrained by the scarcity of the spectrum. A very important mechanism for RRM is Session Admission Control (SAC). In this chapter we explore the design and evaluation of SAC for mobile cellular networks following, for the most part, an analytical approach.
The domestic panopticon: location tracking in families

We present a qualitative study examining Location-Based Service (LBS) usage by families and how it is integrated into everyday life. We establish that LBS, when used for tracking purposes, affords a means of digital nurturing; that said, we discuss how LBS surveillance has the potential to undermine trust and serve as a detriment to nurturing.
Technological Innovation and Multiple- and Single-Sourcing Policies In the Automobile Parts Trade

The single sourcing policy, in which an automobile manufacturer purchases identical or similar parts from one supplier, has an advantage of scale economy. Meanwhile, multiple sourcing policy, which allows procuring similar parts from multiple suppliers, has benefits of dispersing risks and promoting competition among suppliers. This paper analyzes the procurement policies by presenting a model of the Japanese automobile parts trade. It concludes that maturity of technology involved should be taken into account besides above-mentioned factors which have traditionally been recognized. For parts produced using evolving technologies, the single sourcing enhances purchaser’s benefits because of the scale economy in learning process. In the meantime, multiple sourcing is more beneficial to the purchaser if the parts are based on mature technologies. In either policy, if the technology involved is evolving, motivating suppliers by returning a great part of cost reduction as a reward to them may eventually increase profit for the purchaser. The conclusion supports the situation where the number of suppliers is being cut down as the trend of modularization and system deliveries of parts progresses in the auto parts industry, and suggests that returning part of benefits to parts suppliers may be encouraged from the viewpoint of auto manufacturers’ own interest.
A modified self-correction subpixel registration algorithm for passive millimeter wave images

For multi-frame image super-resolution, an accurate subpixel registration algorithm is necessary. In this paper, a modified self-correction registration algorithm for passive millimeter wave images is proposed for accurate robust registration. This algorithm uses the feature region to realize registration other than the whole image for computationally efficient. After obtained the feature points by Harris corner detector, the normalized cross-correlation feature matching is done for feature region pairs extraction. Then, the least-squares method and the extension of phase correlation algorithm are employed to accomplish the pixel and subpixel registration of regions respectively. At last, the spatial cluster is introduced for self-correction to ensure the robustness and accuracy. Simulation results show that the algorithm has good robustness and the accuracy has reached to 0.01 pixels.
Ginger-Video-3D - Adaptação de uma ferramenta de rendering gráfico/codificação

Grid computing is a concept usually associated with institution-driven networks assembled with a clear purpose, namely to address complex calculation problems or when heterogeneity and geographical dispersion of the participants is a key factor. In this context, and given the cost of setting up such an infrastructure, a regular home user willing to take advantage of distributed processing is left without a viable option. Even if Grid access was open to the general public, a home user would not be able to express task decomposition without clearly understanding the program internals. In Ginger, this issue is addressed in a different manner. Users are not required to modify an application they already use, needing instead to access an available format description of the application input/output, in order to decompose a job in smaller tasks that may be distributed and executed in cycle-sharing machines. In the context of this research, an architecture is proposed on which an application can be transparently adapted based solely on input and output data formats. A first phase analyses content and builds sub-tasks that are deployed over the network. In converse fashion, results are analyzed and aggregated according to the output format. The work was tested with a video compression application as well as a ray-tracing renderer, with positive results, especially in the last one, since it is a CPU-intensive application and its I/O has a smaller data load when compared with video compression.
A 2V, 2.3/4.6 GHz dual-band CMOS frequency synthesizer

This paper describes the design of a CMOS frequency synthesizer for 2.3/4.6 GHz wireless applications. This synthesizer provides dual band output signals by means of a novel frequency doubling technique. Output frequency of the proposed synthesizer ranges from 1.87 GHz-2.3 GHz and 3.74 GHz-4.6 GHz. Fabricated in a 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS process, this chip consumes a total power of 80 mW from a single 2 V supply. Chip size is 3210 /spl mu/m/spl times/2410 /spl mu/m.
Synthesizing Routing Protocols for Ad-Hoc Mobile Networks

We investigate the impact of different mobility rates on the performance of routing protocols in ad-hoc mobile networks. Based on our investigation, we design a new protocol that results from the synthesis of the well known protocols: ZRP and RUNNERS . We have implemented the new protocol as well as the original two protocols and conducted an extensive, comparative simulation study of their performance. The new protocol behaves well both in networks of diverse mobility motion rates, and in some cases even outperforms the original ones by achieving lower message delivery delays.
Failure in shear bands for granular materials: thermo-hydro-chemo- mechanical effects

The failure of geomaterials in localised shear bands is one of the most common features in geomechanics. Early studies have provided the necessary criteria for the conditions of localisation, inclination angle with respect to the loading axes and thickness of the shear bands, when loaded at room temperature. This work extends these criteria for the problem of simple shear of a chemically active granular cohesionless material at higher temperatures, where thermal or chemical pressurisation may set in and influence the response of the material. It is deduced that failure occurs at higher positive values of the hardening modulus as temperature increases, that the shear band thickness also depends on the chemical reaction characteristics and that micro-inertia due to grain translations and rotations introduce the necessary rate dependency to regularise the system.
Language, Ideology and Power: Language Learning among the Muslims of Pakistan and North India

This is the first book-length study of the history of language teaching and learning among South Asian Muslims. It looks at language teaching policies and texts to prove that they are meant to support certain ideologies which, in turn, support certain power structures. It also argues that, in most cases, people learn language to empower themselves by equipping themselves for powerful jobs.
Feature Extraction Techniques in Speaker Recognition : A Review

This paper presents a brief survey on various feature extraction techniques like Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficients (LPCC), Perceptual Linear Prediction Coefficients (PLPC), and Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) to extract the effective and efficient features from speech signal for speaker recognition. We also discuss the problems associated with well-known methods of feature extraction. We conclude with the some future areas in which the work can be done in order to extract efficient speech features to increase the accuracy of speaker recognition system.
Alcohol attenuates activation in the bilateral anterior insula during an emotional processing task: a pilot study.

AIMS Alcohol acutely reduces agitation and is widely used in social situations, but the neural substrates of emotion processing during its intoxication are not well understood. We examine whether alcohol's social stress dampening effect may be via reduced activity in the cortical systems that subserve awareness of bodily sensations, and are associated with affective distress. METHODS Blood oxygen level-dependent activation was measured through 24 functional magnetic resonance imaging sessions in 12 healthy volunteers during an emotional face-processing task following ingestion of a moderate dose of alcohol and a placebo beverage. RESULTS Results revealed that bilateral anterior insula response to emotional faces was significantly attenuated following consumption of alcohol, when compared with placebo (clusters >1472 μl; corrected P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Attenuated response in the anterior insula after alcohol intake may explain some of the decreased interoceptive awareness described during intoxication.
Universities, ratings, and market: Institutional effects of ranking in higher education

The article analyzes the effects of introducing the institute of ranking into the higher education system. The function of ratings is to remedy market failures, to create incentives for competition, and for the efficient choice of education institution by customers. However, the research of the last decade dealing with the influence of ratings on the behavior of universities shows that ratings gained symbolic power in the education service market, by which they provide advantages to certain institutions to the detriment of others. That has created a lack of trusts to ratings and even their boycott by a number of institutions. The consideration of university rankings as a social comparison practice can elucidate the mechanism of influence of ratings on the behavior of universities.
Amniotic membrane transplantation with or without limbal allografts for corneal surface reconstruction in patients with limbal stem cell deficiency.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT), in preparing the perilimbal stroma, enhances the success of allograft limbal transplantation (ALT). METHODS Thirty-one eyes of 26 consecutive patients had cytologically proven limbal deficiency resulting from chemical burns (14 eyes); Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, or pseudopemphigoid (5 eyes); contact lens-induced keratopathy (3 eyes); aniridia (3 eyes); multiple surgical procedures (2 eyes); atopy (2 eyes); or an unknown cause (2 eyes). Based on the severity of limbal deficiency, group A (mild), comprising 10 eyes, received AMT alone; group B (moderate), comprising 7 eyes, received AMT and ALT; and group C (severe), comprising 14 eyes, received AMT, ALT, and penetrating keratoplasty. All patients except those in group A received continuous oral cyclosporine. RESULTS Except for the 2 eyes with atopy, all amniotic membrane-covered surfaces showed rapid epithelialization (in 2 to 4 weeks) and reduced inflammation, vascularization, and scarring, and the surfaces became smooth and wettable. For the mean follow-up period of 15.4 months, 25 (83%) of 30 eyes showed visual improvement, consisting of 6 or more lines (13 eyes), 4 to 5 lines (6 eyes), or 1 to 3 lines (6 eyes). Visual improvement decreased with the severity of limbal deficiency from 8 (100%) of 8 eyes in group A to 5 (71%) of 7 eyes in group B and 11 (79%) of 14 eyes in group C. In group C, corneal graft rejection occurred in 9 (64%) of 14 eyes, and reversible early limbal allograft rejection was noted in 3 (14%) of 21 eyes of groups B and C. CONCLUSIONS For partial limbal deficiency with superficial involvement, AMT alone is sufficient and hence superior to ALT because there is no need to administer cyclosporine. For total limbal deficiency, additional ALT is needed, and AMT helps reconstruct the perilimbal stroma, with reduced inflammation and vascularization, which collectively may enhance the success of ALT.
Effectiveness of Pelvic Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Technique on Facilitation of Trunk Movement in Hemiparetic Stroke Patients

Background: As the pelvic motion comes from trunk muscles, a specific use of pelvic pattern not only exercises the pelvis for mobility and stability but also facilitate trunk motion and stability.Objective: To determine the effect of Pelvic Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation(PNF) technique on facilitation of trunk movement in hemiparetic stroke patients.Interventions: Thirty hemiparetic stroke patients were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received pelvic PNF while the control group received conventional physiotherapy in the form of truncal exercises for 30 minutes. Along with these both group received regular physiotherapy in the form of tonal management and range of motion exercises for the affected limbs for 30 minutes. Intervention was given once in a day for five days/week for four weeks.Outcome Measures: Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), Trunk Lateral Flexion Range of Motion (TLF ROM), and Tinetti Test (TT). Results: Post-intervention, both the groups shows improvement on trunk performance, range of motion, balance and gait but the experimental group shows more improvement than control group (changes in mean score between group comparison for TIS 3.4 (1.8); TLF ROM for affected and non-affected side 0.734 & 3.666 (0.267 & 2.533); Balance 3.534 (2.266) and Gait 2.2 (1)). The level of significance was set at p < 0.05 and highly significance at p < 0.01.
Traditional Marketing, Online Communication and Market Outcomes Essay 1: Marketing Activity, Blogging and Sales. Essay 2: Consumers' Social Learning about Videogame Consoles through Multi-Website Browsing. Essay 3: Co-evolution of Network Growth and Group Formation

The recent growth of consumer generated media (CGM), also known as “new” media, has changed the nature of interaction between consumers and firms from unidirectional to bidirectional. This research addresses two key issues does CGM affect consumer behavior and market outcomes and, is there any relationship between managerial communication and CGM? The most prevalent form of new media is blogs. Thus, we first investigate whether blogging activity leads to (differential) market outcomes. We then examine whether managerial communication (TV advertising) and blogging are synergistic. We assemble a unique data set from Japan containing market outcomes (sales), new media (blogs) and traditional media (TV advertising) for green tea drinks, movies and cellular phone service. Each category has at least one product launch during the duration of our sample periods. We specify a simultaneous equation log-linear system for market outcomes and the volume of blogs. Our results suggest that blogs are predictive of market outcomes, new and traditional media act synergistically, pre-launch TV advertising spurs blogging activity but become less effective post-launch and that market outcomes have some effect on blogging. We find detailed support for some of these findings via a unique and novel text mining analysis. We discuss the managerial implications of our findings.