Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Methotrexate Induces an Antioxidant Hormetic Response in Primary Rat Astrocytes

Neurodegenerative diseases have increased worldwide in recent years. Their relationship with oxidative stress has motivated the research to find therapies and medications capable of suppressing oxidative damage and therefore slowing the progression of these diseases. Glutathione (GSH) is the most important cellular antioxidant in living beings and is responsible for regulating the cellular redox state. However, GSH cannot be administered by any route of administration, so molecules that increase its levels by activating Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway are explored; since Nrf2 regulates the main genes involved in GSH de novo synthesis and recycling. Astrocytes are the most important cell-type in the antioxidant cell response and are responsible for providing GSH and other substrates for neurons to have an efficient antioxidant response. Methotrexate (MTX) is an anti-inflammatory agent that has different cellular effects when administered at low or high concentrations. So in this study, we used MTX different concentrations and exposure times to induce a hormetic antioxidant response in rat primary astrocytes. Our results showed that 20 nM MTX pre-conditioning for 12 h augmented the GSH/GSSG ratio and protected cellular viability against a toxic MTX and H2O2 insult, which was abrogated when Nrf2 was inhibited by brusatol. Hence, MTX subsequent studies as a drug to counteract the progression of some stress-associated neurodegenerative diseases are suggested.
Sur des chaînes à liaisons complètes

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Imaging laser radar performance assessment against various naturally occurring and manmade terrestrial objects

Summary form only given. Northrop Grumman (US) and Defense Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) (UK) report upon a program to characterize the performance of its (OASYS) Obstacle Avoidance Imaging Laser Radar System against various terrestrial targets. High resolution laser radar images of various naturally occurring and manmade terrestrial objects were obtained and their properties measured. These objects include 1) wires of various diameter and reflectivity, 2) trees and vegetation, 3) large and small vertical objects including transmission towers and poles, 4) buildings and structures, and 5) various terrain types. OASYS can discriminate and identify objects against a complementary background. This allows realization of objects that cannot otherwise be seen using other active and passive detection systems.
Constructing squares as a mathematical problem solving process in pre-school

Could problem solving bethe object of teaching in early education? Could children’s engagement inproblem solving processes lead to skills and conceptual understandingdevelopment? Could appropriate teaching interventions scaffold children’sefforts? The sample consisted of 25 children attending public pre-school inCyprus. The children were asked to construct differentsized squares. Findings show that children responded positively to the problemand were successful in solving it. During the problem solving process childrendemonstrated development of skills and conceptual understanding.Teacher-children and children-children interactions played an important role inthe positive outcome of the activity.
Feasibility Study of a Compatible Design Method for Asphalt Concrete-Based Track Substructure Considering Viscoelastic Properties

An evaluation is needed as to whether the constant thickness for the formation layer of 0.4 m and the bottom layer of 2.3 m in China’s current subgrade design is appropriate for the asphalt trackbed given its viscoelastic properties. This paper presents numerical research on the compatible design of roadbed thickness for asphalt concrete-based track (AC-based track) with SBS-25, using finite element modeling (FEM). Accordingly, a compatible design method for the substructure of an AC-based track was proposed following field and data investigation, material and numerical testing, as well as optimization and field testing with soundness verification. Compared with the traditional design, the formation layer needs to be strengthened, and the bottom layer thickness can be appropriately reduced or replaced with building solid waste. The dynamic stress attenuation rate and dynamic-static stress ratio are taken as the design standards of formation and bottom layers, respectively. The optimal design scheme at 20°C is determined when the asphalt track is 300 mm thick, the formation layer of 0.50 m and the bottom layer of 1.87 m are matched. However, at 40°C, the dynamic deformation control fails to pass the verification. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the thickness of the asphalt trackbed or change the types of asphalt binder to carry out the numerical test again if applied in a high-temperature region. The findings contribute to the AC-based track substructure design; however, the proposed design method still needs further improvement and verification from the field or full-scale indoor tests.
Real-Time Electricity Retail Pricing Dual Optimization With Context-Based Fuzzy Optimal Algorithm

Abstract Despite its bright prospect to promote affordable energy, one of the main concerns of real-time retail pricing for electricity is price volatility that would create potential bill shocks especially for low-income consumers. This would demotivate consumers to participate in real-time pricing scheme or to act as responsive participants to reduce peak demand. As a motivation to address this concern, this article proposes dual optimization method with fuzzy optimal algorithm to solve the optimization problem presented in the real-time pricing model with the aims to reduce price volatility and to lower the minimum price further. The fuzzy optimal algorithm applies a context-based fuzzy inferencing and a gradient adjustment to arrive at the optimal retail price for every time interval. Context-based fuzzy inferencing allows fuzzy value redefinition so that the desired level of precision is preserved. Gradient adjustment simplifies the derivation of the optimal retail price via a series of iterations. Simulation results reveal that price fluctuations are able to be reduced which would create stability and avoid undesired price spikes. At the same time, the results confirm that further reduction in the minimum retail price can be achieved which would improve welfare benefits while maintaining the desired level of consumer satisfaction.
The galaxy population of the z = 1 cluster of galaxies MG2016+112

A photometric redshift analysis of galaxies in the field of the wide-separation gravitational lens MG2016+112 reveals a population of 69 galaxies with photometric redshifts consistent with being in a cluster at the redshift of the giant elliptical lensing galaxy z = 1.00. The Ks-band luminosity function of the cluster galaxies is well represented by the Schechter function with a characteristic magnitude K ∗ s = 18.90 +0.45 −0.57 and faint-end slope α =− 0.60 +0.39 −0.33 , consistent with what is expected for a passively evolving population of galaxies formed at high redshift, zf > 2. From the total Ks-band flux of the cluster galaxies and a dynamical estimate of the total mass of the cluster, the rest-frame Ks-band mass-to-light ratio of the cluster is derived to be M/LKs = 27 +64 h50(M/LKs)� , in agreement with the upper limit derived earlier from Chandra X-ray observations and the value derived locally in the Coma cluster. The cluster galaxies span a red sequence with a considerable scatter in the colour‐magnitude diagrams, suggesting that they contain young stellar populations in addition to the old populations of main-sequence stars that dominate the Ks-band luminosity function. This is in agreement with spectroscopic observations which show that 5 out of the 6 galaxies in the field confirmed to be at the redshift of the lensing galaxy have emission lines. The projected spatial distribution of the cluster galaxies is filamentary-like rather than centrally concentrated around the lensing galaxy, and shows no apparent luminosity segregation. A handful of the cluster galaxies show evidence of merging/interaction. The results presented in this paper suggest that a young cluster of galaxies is assembling around MG2016+112.
Ninety-seven cases of experiences with the left thoracotomy approach for off-pump conventional revascularization: a retrospective cohort study

Background Minimally invasive coronary surgery–coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) is well adopted in clinical practice. However, this procedure did not really achieve conventional complete revascularization. The present study aimed to explore the feasibility and safety of conventional revascularization via the left thoracotomy (8–10 cm) approach. Methods From January 2020 to March 2022, a total of 97 consecutive patients who needed coronary artery revascularization were operated on using this technique. The patients’ preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative, and follow-up data were collected. Perioperative variables were compared between the single graft and non-single graft groups. All patients received dual-source computerized tomographic angiography at 1-week postoperatively to evaluate the graft patency and detect pulmonary embolism and aortic dissection. The patients were followed up for 3–27 months. Results The mean age of the entire cohort was 61.5±8.8 years, there were 16 (16.5%) female patients, and 1–4 grafts were performed per patient. There were no conversions to median sternotomy or on-pump CABG. The average number of grafts was 1.9±0.9, and that of the non-single graft group was 2.5±0.6. Among the 97 included patients, one patient in the single graft group suffered from aspiration pneumonia after a stroke and died. The 30-day mortality was 1.0% (one patient), one patient required re-exploration for bleeding (1.1%), and a total of 191 grafts were performed. All grafts were unobstructed except for one graft to the obtuse marginal branch (OM) (0.5%). Follow-up was performed by phone or via outpatient visits and was available for 92 patients (95%). During the follow-up period, 1 (1.1%) patient suffered an acute myocardial infarction and received percutaneous coronary intervention with no redo-surgery. All patients are alive and angina-free. Conclusions Left thoracotomy for conventional revascularization is a safe procedure for appropriately selected patients, with few early complications and good early and mid-term results. More cases are ongoing and long-term results are in observation.
Constraints on Pulsed Emission Model for Repeating FRB 121102

Recent localization of the repeating Fast Radio Burst (FRB) 121102 revealed the distance of its host galaxy and luminosities of the bursts. We investigated constraints on the young neutron star (NS) model, that (a) the FRB intrinsic luminosity is supported by the spin-down energy, and (b) the FRB duration is shorter than the NS rotation period. In the case of a circular cone emission geometry, conditions (a) and (b) determine the NS parameters within very small ranges, compared with that from only condition (a) discussed in previous works. Anisotropy of the pulsed emission does not affect the area of the allowed parameter region by virtue of condition (b). The determined parameters are consistent with those independently limited by the properties of the possible persistent radio counterpart and the circumburst environments such as surrounding materials. Since the NS in the allowed parameter region is older than the spin-down timescale, the hypothetical GRP-like model expects a rapid radio flux decay of $\lesssim1$ Jy within a few years as the spin-down luminosity decreases. The continuous monitoring will give a hint of discrimination of the models. If no flux evolution will be seen, we need to consider an alternative model, e.g., the magnetically powered flare.
VLBI astrometry of two millisecond pulsars

Abstract We present astrometric results on two millisecond pulsars, PSR B1257+12 and PSR J1022+1001, as carried out through VLBI. For PSR B1257+12, a model-independent distance of 710−38+43 pc and proper motion of (μα = 46.44 ± 0.08 mas/yr, μδ=−84.87 ± 0.32 mas/yr) were obtained from 5 epochs of VLBA and 4 epochs of EVN observations, spanning about 2 years. The two dimensional proper motion of PSR J1022+1001 (μα~−10.13 mas/yr, μδ~16.89 mas/yr) was also estimated, using 3 epochs of EVN observations. Based on our results, the X-ray efficiency of PSR B1257+12 should be in the same range as other millisecond pulsars, and not as low as previously thought.
ICRF Heating Experiments on DIII‐D

Experiments utilizing rf power in the 32–60 MHz range to heat the DIII‐D tokamak plasma are reviewed. In the first set of experiments, a two‐element array of loop antennas oriented in the toroidal direction was used to launch ion Bernstein waves (IBW) either directly or by mode transformation from the electron plasma wave. No evidence of efficient ion heating in the central region of the plasma was found, despite an exhaustive exploration of IBW heating regimes in both limiter and diverter discharges. A strong interaction between the edge plasma and the injected rf power was observed, including perpendicular ion heating of the edge plasma correlated with parametric decay of the pump wave fields. Strong parametric decay activity and associated edge ion heating are observed under conditions theoretically expected to optimize direct IBW excitation. Detailed analysis of antenna loading data has yielded evidence of ponderomotive modification of the density profile in front of the antenna, which is theoreticall.
Weighted Gibbs sampling for mixture modelling of massive datasets via coresets

Massive datasets are increasingly encountered in modern research applications, and this presents tremendous new challenges for statisticians. In settings where the aim is to classify or cluster data via finite mixture modelling, such as in satellite image analysis, the large number data points to be analysed can make fitting such models either infeasible, or simply too time‐consuming to be of practical use. It has been shown that using a representative weighted subsample of the complete dataset to estimate mixture model parameters can lead to much more time‐efficient and yet still reasonable inference. These representative subsamples are called coresets. Naturally, these coresets have to be constructed carefully as the naive approach of performing simple uniform sampling from the dataset could lead to smaller clusters of points within the dataset being severely undersampled, and this would in turn result in very unreliable inference. It has previously been shown that an adaptive sampling approach can be used to obtain a representative coreset of data points together with a corresponding set of coreset weights. In this article, we explore how this idea can be incorporated into a Gibbs sampling algorithm for mixture modelling of image data via coresets within a Bayesian framework. We call the resulting algorithm a Weighted Gibbs Sampler. We will illustrate this proposed approach through an application to remote sensing of land use from satellite imagery. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constraints of $\Delta\mu/\mu$ based on H$_2$ observations in QSO spectra at high redshifts

This article summarizes the latest results on the proton-to-electron mass ratio $\mu$ derived from H$_2$ observations at high redshift in the light of possible variations of fundamental physical constants. The focus lies on UVES observations of the past years as enormous progress was achieved since the first positive results on $\Delta\mu/\mu$ were published. With the better understanding of systematics, dedicated observation runs, and numerous approaches to improve wavelength calibration accuracy, all current findings are in reasonable good agreement with no variation and provide an upper limit of $\Delta\mu/\mu < 1\times 10^{-5}$ for the redshift range of $2 <$ z $< 3$.
Effect of the Pauli exclusion principle in the electric dipole moment of 
Be9
 with 
|ΔS|=1
 interactions

We calculate the contribution of the $|\Delta S|=1$ $K$ meson exchange process generated by the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix to the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the $^9$Be nucleus by considering the $\alpha n - \alpha \Lambda$ channel coupling. It is found that the effect of the Pauli exclusion principle is not important intermediate $S=-1$ state, and that the result is consistent with the EDM of $^9$Be calculated with the $|\Delta S|=1$ interactions as a perturbation without considering the nucleus-hypernucleus mixing. Our result suggests that the effect of the $|\Delta S|=1$ interactions is neither suppressed nor enhanced in nuclei, if the difference of binding energies between the nucleus and the hypernucleus is small compared to the hyperon-nucleon mass difference.
Effect of annealing treatment on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of ZnSe thin films grown by spray pyrolysis.

Many investigations and reviews show that II-VI compound semiconductor 1-D nanostructures have a great potential for the future electronic and optoelectronic applications. As an important II-VI semiconductor, ZnSe is one of the most significant materials with prominent applications in this issue. In the present work, we firstly provide a comprehensive investigation of the magnetic properties like magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of ZnSe nanostructures as a 1-D quantum many body. The magnetic study of this metal reveals a ferromagnetic-antifferomagnetic transition upon cooling. Magnetization shows a step-like behavior with pronounced plateaus in a specific magnetic field interval at low temperature. This subject has not been investigated in the previous works. In the experimental part, thin films of ZnSe are deposited on glass substrates (at two different substrate temperature) by the spray pyrolysis technique and annealed in vacuum at $400^\circ$C for 1 hour. Hereby, we investigate the morphology, structural and optical properties of ZnSe thin films using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis spectrophotometer measurements. XRD analysis reveal that annealed films grown on glass substrate at $400^\circ$C are polycrystalline in nature with cubic zincblene structure. By annealing, the grains size, the diameter and density of the particles increase. The UV-vis measurements display a red-shift of the absorption edge from the as-deposited to annealed ZnSe thin films as compared to its value for the ZnSe thin films. The band-gaps of the annealed samples are estimated about 2.71 eV, which are in consistence with the band gap of ZnSe thin films. The average transmittance of the annealed samples are over 80 $\%$ close to the infrared wavelength range.
COTUNNELING AT RESONANCE FOR THE SINGLE-ELECTRON TRANSISTOR

We study electron transport through a small metallic island in the perturbative regime. Using a diagrammatic real-time technique, we calculate the occupation of the island as well as the conductance through the transistor to fourth order in the tunneling matrix elements, a process referred to as cotunneling. Our formulation does not require the introduction of a cutoff. At resonance we find significant deviations from previous theories and quantitative agreement with recent experiments.
On the Consistency of Joint and Paired Tests for Non-Nested Regression Models

This paper examines the consistency properties of some tests of a null model against a single non-nested alternative and against multiple non-nested alternatives (paired and joint tests, respectively). Consistency of the tests is evaluated. First, even when all possible paired comparisons are made, paired tests may be inconsistent unless the true alternative is used. A joint test can be consistent when the paired Wald test based on the comprehensive model may be inconsistent, thereby formalizing the notion that a joint test may be more widely consistent then a paired test. Finally we show that when a fixed alternative for the paired test is true, the power of a joint test can never exceed that of the paired test.
Temporal Signal Processing by Inference Bayesian Approach for Detection of Abrupt Variation of Statistical Characteristics of Noisy Signals

 Abstract — In fields such as neuroscience and especially in cognition modeling of mental processes, uncertainty processing in temporal zone of signal is vital. In this paper, Bayesian online inferences in estimation of change-points location in signal are constructed. This method separated the observed signal into independent series and studies the change and variation of the regime of data locally with related statistical characteristics. We give conditions on simulations of the method when the data characteristics of signals vary, and provide empirical evidence to show the performance of method. It is verified that correlation between series around the change point location and its characteristics such as Signal to Noise Ratios and mean value of signal has important factor on fluctuating in finding proper location of change point. And one of the main contributions of this study is related to representing of these influences of signal statistical characteristics for finding abrupt variation in signal. There are two different structures for simulations which in first case one abrupt change in temporal section of signal is considered with variable position and secondly multiple variations are considered. Finally, influence of statistical characteristic for changing the location of change point is explained in details in simulation results with different artificial signals.