Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Novel Flux-Weakening Control of an IPMSM for Quasi Six-Step Operation

This paper proposes a novel flux-weakening control algorithm of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor for 'quasi' six-step operation. The proposed method is composed of a feed forward and a feedback path. The feedforward path consists of 1-dimensional look-up table, and the feedback is based on the difference between the reference voltage updated by current regulator and the output voltage limited by the over- modulation. Using this method, the flux-weakening and the anti- windup control can be achieved simultaneously. And also, the quasi six-step operation can be obtained. That is, the available maximum output torque in the flux-weakening region is close to that in the six-step operation while the ability of the current control is maintained. The effectiveness of this method is proved by the experimental results.
Sudden and Unexpected Deaths in Infants: Histology and Virology

The histological appearance of lungs of children whose death had been sudden and unexpected has been studied in relation with the viruses found at necropsy. Fifty-one children were investigated and in 33 the lungs had the histological appearance widely accepted as characteristic of the condition previously termed “cot death. ” Sixteen had the histological appearance of lymphocytic bronchiolitis, and it was from this group only that viruses were isolated. The viruses isolated were those associated with respiratory infections. Two patients showed the histological appearance of bacterial bronchopneumonia. Viruses are probably responsible for a substantial proportion of unexpected sudden deaths in infancy.
An Improved Method for the Modeling of Frequency-Dependent Amplitude-Versus-Offset Variations

A proper description of the frequency-dependent seismic amplitude variation versus offset (AVO) responses should consider the effect of both the layered structure of a reservoir and the dispersive and attenuated property of the media in the reservoir. We propose an improved method to seamlessly link the rock physics modeling and the calculation for frequency-dependent reflection coefficients based on propagator matrix method. The improved AVO modeling method is implemented in frequency-wavenumber domain, and can accurately considers dispersion and attenuation that described by complex and frequency-dependent elastic properties predicted by rock physic models. Therefore, the improved method avoids errors resulting from truncating imaginary parts of the elastic properties as adopted by the conventional Zoeppritz-equation-based method. Moreover, the proposed method considers the intrinsic contribution of the layered structure to frequency-dependence of AVO responses, which has been ignored by current conventional methods. In addition, the method provides an efficient way to calculate seismograms for a dispersive and attenuated layered model. Finally, modeling results show the applicability of the improved method for the interpretation of complex frequency-dependent abnormalities, and indicate the potential for fluid detection in a layered reservoir.
A Scheduling and Management Algorithm about Proxy Based on AFEC

The proxy is one of the important parts of the Internet. The proxy can reduce the data flow and release the load of the servers. Because of the unpredictable problem of the network, the proxies have great influence on the video QoS. Through the perfect algorithm, within the acceptable scope, the proxy can improve the performance of the system. In the video service system, the proxy can improve the scalability of the system and improve the QoS. In this paper, a new cache replace strategy based on AFEC is proposed, which can employee the characteristics of the proxy and can improve the system performance within the normal resource.
Bradykinin (Bk) increases cytosolic calcium in cultured rat myenteric neurons via Bk-2 type receptors coupled to mobilization of extracellular and intracellular sources of calcium: evidence that calcium influx is prostaglandin dependent.

We examined the effect of bradykinin (Bk) on cytosolic calcium ([Ca++]i) in cultured rat ileal myenteric neurons. The receptor subtype(s) and calcium pool(s), e.g., extracellular and/or intracellular calcium that mediate Bk's effect on [Ca++]i in myenteric neurons, have not been reported. Superfusion with Bk (10 nM) increased [Ca++]i by 96 +/- 10 nM over basal levels in approximately 80% of the neurons tested that were not affected by a Bk-1 receptor antagonist but were inhibited 72% by a Bk-2 receptor antagonist. The Bk-generated increase in [Ca++]i was reduced by 45% and 52% of control response in calcium-free buffer and indomethacin, respectively, supporting involvement of extracellular and intracellular pools of calcium and mediation, in part, by a prostaglandin-dependent pathway. Bk increased [Ca2++]i by 54 +/- 6 nM in calcium-free buffer that was indomethacin insensitive, suggesting that Bk stimulation of extracellular calcium influx was mediated by a prostaglandin-dependent pathway. Bk (1 microM) increased tissue prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by 62% over basal levels in isolated rat ileal myenteric ganglia. Finally, superfusion with PGE2 (10 microM) increased [Ca++]i by 105 +/- 16 nM over basal levels that were blocked in calcium-free buffer. In summary, our studies suggest that cultured rat ileal myenteric neurons express the Bk-2 receptor subtype that is coupled to mobilization of extracellular and intracellular pools of calcium. Bk stimulates influx of extracellular calcium via a prostaglandin-dependent pathway.
Design and Management of Complex Technical Processes and Systems by Means of Computational Intelligence Methods on the Choice of the Offspring Population Size in Evolutionary Algorithms on the Choice of the Offspring Population Size in Evolutionary Algorithms

Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) generally come with a large number of parameters that have to be set before the algorithm can be used. Finding appropriate settings is a difficult task. The influence of these parameters on the efficiency of the search performed by an evolutionary algorithm can be very high. But there is still a lack of theoretically justified guidelines to help the practitioner find good values for these parameters. One such parameter is the offspring population size. Using a simplified but still realistic evolutionary algorithm, a thorough analysis of the effects of the offspring population size is presented. The result is a much better understanding of the role of offspring population size in an EA and suggests a simple way to dynamically adapt this parameter when necessary.
Basic ecology of the Oaxacan Spiny-tailed Iguana Ctenosaura oaxacana (Squamata: Iguanidae), in Oaxaca, Mexico.

The Oaxacan Spiny-tailed Iguana Ctenosaura oaxacana is a restricted species to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Southern Oaxaca, Mexico. This reptile is one of the less known iguanid species. We census-tracked a population in the South ofNiltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico from May 2010 to April 2011. Throughout one year, a total of 10 line transects were situated and recorded in the study area to determine relative abundance and density, and habitat type use (dry forest, Nanchal, grassland, riparian vegetation, and mangrove) by the species. This study reports a new C. oaxacana population on the Southeastern limit of species range. Although this species has a very restricted distribution and is in danger of extinction, C. oaxacana has a high population density when compared to other Ctenosaura species. A total of 108 individuals were recorded throughout the study. Dry forest (33.75ind/ha) and Nanchal (18.75ind/ha) were the habitats with higher densities. Comparisons between habitat types showed no significant differences between dry forest and Nanchal (W=15, p=0.0808). Results between seasons were similar. The Oaxacan Spiny tailed Iguana preferred first the dry forest, and then Nanchal, while avoided grassland, riparian vegetation, and mangroves. There was no difference in habitat use between males and females. Mean perch heights were 1.23 +/- 0.32 (n=30) in Nanchal, 2.11 +/- 0.30 (n=9) in grassland, 1.90 +/- 0.56 (n=54) in dry forest, 1.91 +/- 0.28 (n=9) in mangrove and 2.30 +/- 0.37 (n=6) in riparian vegetation. Species observed as refuge and perch were B. crassifolia (Nanchal); C. alata (grassland); Tabebuia sp. , Genipa americana, G. sepium, Acacia sp. , Ficus sp. and Haematoxylon sp. (dry forest); G. sepium, Acacia sp. and Guazuma ulmifolia (riparian vegetation); and C. erecta (mangrove). Live trees hollows and branches were used by species. Main threats to the species are excessive hunting and habitat loss. Furthermore, grassland fires are still common in the study area during the dry season, which can result in habitat loss and territorial displacement of individuals.
The Investigation of Quality of Life in 87 Chinese Patients with Disorders of Sex Development

Objective. In the process of care for disorders of sex development (DSD), clinical decisions should focus on the long-term quality of life (QOL). We sought to investigate the QOL of patients with DSD in China. Design. Case-control study was carried out. Patients. 90 patients of DSD participated in the study. Finally, 87 patients were analyzed including Turner's syndrome (23), Noonan syndrome (2), androgen insensitivity syndrome (22), testicular regression syndrome (2), congenital adrenal hyperplasia (16), and pure gonadal dysgenesis (22). Measurements. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was chosen for the present investigation. Four domain scores were analyzed independently including physical, psychological, and social relationship and environmental domains. Results. The average age of the DSD group is 22.34 ± 4.97 years, and only 13.79% patients ever had sexual life. The scores of psychological and environmental domains were lower than that of the physical and social relationship domains, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Compared with the Chinese urban population, the QOL scores of DSD patients in China were not significantly lower. Conclusions. With proper treatment, including the follow-up and psychological support, the QOL of DSD patients cannot be significantly reduced. For DSD patients, more attention should be paid to the potential psychological and sexual problems.
Training Classifiers with Shadow Features for Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition

In this paper, a novel training/testing process for building/using a classification model based on human activity recognition (HAR) is proposed. Traditionally, HAR has been accomplished by a classifier that learns the activities of a person by training with skeletal data obtained from a motion sensor, such as Microsoft Kinect. These skeletal data are the spatial coordinates (x, y, z) of different parts of the human body. The numeric information forms time series, temporal records of movement sequences that can be used for training a classifier. In addition to the spatial features that describe current positions in the skeletal data, new features called ‘shadow features’ are used to improve the supervised learning efficacy of the classifier. Shadow features are inferred from the dynamics of body movements, and thereby modelling the underlying momentum of the performed activities. They provide extra dimensions of information for characterising activities in the classification process, and thereby significantly improve the classification accuracy. Two cases of HAR are tested using a classification model trained with shadow features: one is by using wearable sensor and the other is by a Kinect-based remote sensor. Our experiments can demonstrate the advantages of the new method, which will have an impact on human activity detection research.
The Arabidopsis Nitrate Transporter NRT1.8 Functions in Nitrate Removal from the Xylem Sap and Mediates Cadmium Tolerance[C][W]

Environmental stresses affect the nitrate distribution between roots and shoots, and transporters that remove nitrate from the xylem sap are essential for long-distance nitrate transport. This study shows that the nitrate transporter NRT1.8 is induced by cadmium and removes nitrate from xylem vessels and furthermore establishes a correlation between nitrate allocation and cadmium tolerance. Long-distance transport of nitrate requires xylem loading and unloading, a successive process that determines nitrate distribution and subsequent assimilation efficiency. Here, we report the functional characterization of NRT1.8, a member of the nitrate transporter (NRT1) family in Arabidopsis thaliana. NRT1.8 is upregulated by nitrate. Histochemical analysis using promoter-β-glucuronidase fusions, as well as in situ hybridization, showed that NRT1.8 is expressed predominantly in xylem parenchyma cells within the vasculature. Transient expression of the NRT1.8:enhanced green fluorescent protein fusion in onion epidermal cells and Arabidopsis protoplasts indicated that NRT1.8 is plasma membrane localized. Electrophysiological and nitrate uptake analyses using Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that NRT1.8 mediates low-affinity nitrate uptake. Functional disruption of NRT1.8 significantly increased the nitrate concentration in xylem sap. These data together suggest that NRT1.8 functions to remove nitrate from xylem vessels. Interestingly, NRT1.8 was the only nitrate assimilatory pathway gene that was strongly upregulated by cadmium (Cd2+) stress in roots, and the nrt1.8-1 mutant showed a nitrate-dependent Cd2+-sensitive phenotype. Further analyses showed that Cd2+ stress increases the proportion of nitrate allocated to wild-type roots compared with the nrt1.8-1 mutant. These data suggest that NRT1.8-regulated nitrate distribution plays an important role in Cd2+ tolerance.
Billund builds music: An engineering education initiative in Danish Kindergartens

In a recent educational initiative in Billund, Denmark, almost every student between the ages of three to eighteen years participated in Billund Builds Music, a one-week municipality-wide project to explore music and engineering by designing and creating musical instruments. This endeavor was a collaboration between the Tufts University Center for Engineering Education and Outreach (CEEO), the LEGO Foundation, and Billund's Capital of Children, and LEGO Foundation partner which represents children's voices in civic projects. Approximately 4,000 students and 300 educators from 10 schools across Billund took part in the project. This paper presents preliminary trends and findings from two participating Kindergartens. Results show that in this open-ended Danish Kindergarten setting, 3-5 year-old children were able to build musical instruments and play at least one unique sound on them.
AT&T Research at TRECVID 2013: Surveillance Event Detection

T his paper present s a gener al surveillance event detection system that participates in the interactive Surveillance Event Detection ( i SED) task of TRECVID 2013 . In the proposed system, a set of spatio - temporal features including Space - Time Interest Points (STIP) and Dense Trajectories are extracted, and a sliding temporal window is empl oyed as the detection unit. Fisher Vector is used to encode lo w - level features as the representation of each sliding window. Both feature - level and decision - level fusion s are used to combine multiple features . In order to deal with the highly imbalanced nature of surveillance data, the system performs detections usin g the CascadeSVMs algorithm according to each specific event and camera view . Two different interactive environments are evaluated, one focuses on high throughput and the other includes related result expansion. In the primary run evaluations, o ur system r anks the top in 2 out of 7 event detection tasks.
MHC class II expression on myeloid cells inversely correlates with disease progression in early rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether MHC class II expression on myeloid cells of patients with treatment-naive early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) correlates with disease progression. METHODS Monocytes were isolated by negative selection from the peripheral blood of 15 patients with early RA (disease duration < or =12 months), differentiated to macrophages and analysed for MHC class II expression by flowcytometry. The phenotypical data were correlated with clinical disease progression for up to 45 months. RESULTS Before treatment was initiated, in vitro differentiated macrophages of 10/15 early RA patients expressed MHC class II comparable with macrophages from healthy controls. In sharp contrast, macrophages of the remaining five patients expressed significantly fewer MHC class II molecules. In contrast to patients with normal levels of myeloid cell MHC class II expression, who developed a smouldering, non-progressive disease, patients with decreased expression of MHC class II on macrophages early in their disease developed a continuously active disease as demonstrated by persistently increased disease activity scores (chi(2) = 4.54, P < 0.02) and progressive bone destructions (chi(2) = 5.66, P < 0.02) despite aggressive therapy. CONCLUSION The level of myeloid cell MHC class II expression in recent onset RA allows a reliable distinction between patients who develop active and destructive RA and patients with a smouldering, slowly progressive disease.
Using Collaged Data Augmentation to Train Deep Neural Net with Few Data

Introduction Object recognition has achieved great breakthrough thanks to the development of Deep Neural Network (DNN). Although many proposed networks can derive scene information on pixel level, they require a large amount of finely annotated data for training. However, datasets for robot-assisted surgery are difficult to acquire. There are many shortcomings when training deep network with limited data. For examples, overfitting and degraded network performance are two significant shortcomings. In this work, we propose a data augmentation technique, called collaged data augmentation(CDA), which synthesizes new training data by the components extracted from original training data. We evaluated the effectiveness of collage approach in the endoscopy surgery scenario, and compared it with other commonly used data augmentation technique. Experiment results show that proposed data augmentation can improve network performance better than other commonly used data augmentation methods. Experiment results show that data augmentation can increase mIoU for up 14.6% for PSPNet and up to 39.83% for DeepLab networks.
Is Texture Predictive for Age and Sex in Brain MRI?

Deep learning builds the foundation for many medical image analysis tasks where neuralnetworks are often designed to have a large receptive field to incorporate long spatialdependencies. Recent work has shown that large receptive fields are not always necessaryfor computer vision tasks on natural images. We explore whether this translates to certainmedical imaging tasks such as age and sex prediction from a T1-weighted brain MRI scans.
Grey-Box Concolic Testing on Binary Code

We present grey-box concolic testing, a novel path-based test case generation method that combines the best of both white-box and grey-box fuzzing. At a high level, our technique systematically explores execution paths of a program under test as in white-box fuzzing, a.k. a. concolic testing, while not giving up the simplicity of grey-box fuzzing: it only uses a lightweight instrumentation, and it does not rely on an SMT solver. We implemented our technique in a system called Eclipser, and compared it to the state-of-the-art grey-box fuzzers (including AFLFast, LAF-intel, Steelix, and VUzzer) as well as a symbolic executor (KLEE). In our experiments, we achieved higher code coverage and found more bugs than the other tools.
Ultra-low-power, ultra-low-voltage 2.12 GHz colpitts oscillator using inductive gate degeneration

An oscillator design technique for low-power and low-voltage applications is presented. The circuit is based on the classical common-gate Colpitts oscillator with additional positive feedback provided by an inductive gate degeneration. This technique decreases the required transconductance to startup oscillations, which makes possible to reduce the minimum supply voltage, and hence the power consumption. A prototype was designed in a standard 0.13 μm CMOS process using a zero-threshold transistor. The post-layout simulation results show an oscillation frequency of 2.12 GHz, with a power consumption of 4 μW under a 40-mV supply voltage.
QuorUM: An Error Corrector for Illumina Reads

Motivation Illumina Sequencing data can provide high coverage of a genome by relatively short (most often 100 bp to 150 bp) reads at a low cost. Even with low (advertised 1%) error rate, 100 × coverage Illumina data on average has an error in some read at every base in the genome. These errors make handling the data more complicated because they result in a large number of low-count erroneous k-mers in the reads. However, there is enough information in the reads to correct most of the sequencing errors, thus making subsequent use of the data (e.g. for mapping or assembly) easier. Here we use the term “error correction” to denote the reduction in errors due to both changes in individual bases and trimming of unusable sequence. We developed an error correction software called QuorUM. QuorUM is mainly aimed at error correcting Illumina reads for subsequent assembly. It is designed around the novel idea of minimizing the number of distinct erroneous k-mers in the output reads and preserving the most true k-mers, and we introduce a composite statistic π that measures how successful we are at achieving this dual goal. We evaluate the performance of QuorUM by correcting actual Illumina reads from genomes for which a reference assembly is available. Results We produce trimmed and error-corrected reads that result in assemblies with longer contigs and fewer errors. We compared QuorUM against several published error correctors and found that it is the best performer in most metrics we use. QuorUM is efficiently implemented making use of current multi-core computing architectures and it is suitable for large data sets (1 billion bases checked and corrected per day per core). We also demonstrate that a third-party assembler (SOAPdenovo) benefits significantly from using QuorUM error-corrected reads. QuorUM error corrected reads result in a factor of 1.1 to 4 improvement in N50 contig size compared to using the original reads with SOAPdenovo for the data sets investigated. Availability QuorUM is distributed as an independent software package and as a module of the MaSuRCA assembly software. Both are available under the GPL open source license at http://www.genome. umd.edu. Contact gmarcais@umd.edu.
A Low-Cost Integrated Approach for Balancing an Array of Piezoresistive Sensors for Mass Production Applications

Offset error is inherently present in piezoresistive sensors. This is caused by a heterogeneous excitation response and static resistance of different sensing elements. Such an error makes applications with multiple sensors difficult because a proper calibration or normalization scheme is desired. A low-cost integrated approach which can provide a closed form mathematical solution for normalizing an array of piezoresistive sensors is presented in this paper. The proposed solution just needs a few external resistors and hence is most suitable for mass commercial applications. Necessary and sufficient conditions to derive the solution are considered. This technique could be used offline so that the sensors array could be used directly after going through the normalization procedures.