Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resource-Aware Multi-Target Tracking in Distributed Sensor Networks ∗

The ability to track targets is essential in many applications. Well-established military applications include missile defense and battlefield situational awareness. Civilian applications are ever-growing, ranging from traditional applications such as air traffic control and building surveillance to emerging applications like supply chain management and wildlife tracking. In all of these applications, target tracking addresses the problem of combining sensed data and target history to provide accurate and timely knowledge of the location of one or more moving objects.
Nonnegativity constraints in numerical analysis

A survey of the development of algorithms for enforcing nonnegativity constraints in scientific computation is given. Special emphasis is placed on such constraints in least squares computations in numerical linear algebra and in nonlinear optimization. Techniques involving nonnegative low-rank matrix and tensor factorizations are also emphasized. Details are provided for some important classical and modern applications in science and engineering. For completeness, this report also includes an effort toward a literature survey of the various algorithms and applications of nonnegativity constraints in numerical analysis.
Attacks and improvements to an RIFD mutual authentication protocol and its extensions

In WiSec'08, Song and Mitchell proposed an RFID mutual authentication protocol. Song also extended this protocol for RFID tag ownership transfer. These two protocols are designed to have the most security properties in the literature. We discover that, however, the mutual authentication protocol is vulnerable to both tag impersonation attack and reader impersonation attack, which enable an adversary to impersonate any legitimate reader or tag. We also discover that the ownership transfer protocol is vulnerable to a de-synchronization attack, which prevents a legitimate reader from authenticating a legitimate tag, and vice versa. We analyze the vulnerabilities of these protocols and propose our revisions to eliminate the vulnerabilities with comparable storage and computational requirements.
MATHEMATICAL ENGINEERING TECHNICAL REPORTS Spectrally weighted Common Spatial Pattern algorithm for single trial EEG classification

We propose a simultaneous spatio-temporal filter optimization algorithm for the single trial ElectroEncephaloGraphy (EEG) classification problem. The algorithm is a generalization of the Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) algorithm, which incorporates non-homogeneous weighting of the cross-spectrum matrices. We alternately update the spectral weighting coefficients and the spatial projection. The cross validation results of our SPECtrally-weighted CSP (SPEC-CSP) algorithm on 162 EEG datasets show significant improvements when compared to wide-band filtered CSP and similar accuracy as Common Sparse Spectral Spatial Pattern (CSSSP), however, with far less computational cost. The proposed method is at the same time highly interpretable and modular because the temporal filter is parameterized in the frequency domain. The possibility of incorporating any prior filter opens up the applicability of the method far beyond brain signals.
A Direct vs. An Indirect Approach in Measuring Marital Adjustment

T HE PROBLEM is that of social measurement as a tool to help evaluate intimate personal relationships in the field of marital adjustment. So far the direct approach has been used almost exclusively in measuring marital adjustment, the better known standardized scales being those by Burgess and Cottrell, Terman, Locke, Popenoe, Adams, and Wallin. They are based on such inquiries as: "Do you and your spouse engage in outside interests together? " "Do you kiss your spouse every day, almost every day, quite frequently, etc.? " "Does your spouse confide in you? "' Although the indirect approach type of scale is no longer a novelty, its value has not been thoroughly explored. How adequate is an indirect approach? Can it really get at personal and intimate issues any better than the direct approach? What inherent advantages does the indirect promise over the direct approach scale? These questions have not been adequately answered. It is assumed as a working hypothesis that the indirect approach promises a more reliable and valid tool for marital measurement than the direct approach. Direct, specific, intimate questions are often useless because they will not be answered honestly or because they antagonize the examinee. The direct approach, because it relies heavily upon such explicit questions, is satisfactory only in those situations in which the examinee is cooperative and relatively disinterested in his score. For example, if a man applying for a job knew that his being hired depended upon his presenting a picture of marital tranquillity, he would tend, both consciously and unconsciously, to try
Randomized placebo‐controlled trial of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating‐factor support for dose‐intensive cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cisplatin

This is a double‐blind randomized placebo‐controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating‐factor (GM‐CSF) after dose‐intensive cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and cisplatin (DICEP). Fifty‐six patients with lymphoma or breast carcinoma were randomized to receive GM‐CSF 250 μg/m2 or placebo subcutaneously (SC) every 12 hr after each course of DICEP until recovery of absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 1.5 × 109/L. Each patient was to receive three courses of DICEP. There were 28 patients in each group. The median duration of ANC below 0.5 × 109/L was 10 versus 12 days for Course 1 (P = 0.010), 10 versus 12 days for Courses 2 (P = 0.248), and 16.5 versus 15 days for Course 3 (P = 0.126); platelet counts below 20 × 109/L was 4 versus 4 days for Course 1 (P = 0.586), 8.5 versus 7 days for Course 2 (P = 0.013), and 23.5 versus 10.5 days for Course 3 (P = 0.104); hospitalization for patients readmitted with cytopenic fever were 4 versus 8 days for Course 1 (P = 0.035); 7 versus 6 days for Course 2 (P = 0.692); and 8 versus 12 days for Course 3 (P = 0.884) in the GM‐CSF and placebo group, respectively. GM‐CSF significantly shortens the duration of neutropenia and readmission only during the first course of DICEP. There was a delay in platelet recovery and an increase in transfusion requirement during subsequent courses in the GM‐CSF group. The result cautions the routine use of lineage specific hematopoietic growth factors in supporting repeated cycles of dose‐intensive chemotherapy. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A dynamic reasoning architecture for computer network management

This work focuses on improving network management and monitoring by the adoption of artificial intelligence techniques. In order to allow automated reasoning on networking concepts, we defined an accurate ontological model capable of describing as better as possible the networking domain. The thorough representation of the domain knowledge is used by a logical reasoner, which is an expert system capable of performing high-level management tasks.
An Evaluation of the Accuracy of Capturing User Intent for Information Retrieval

This paper reports our evaluation of the accuracy of capturing a user’s intent in an informationseeking task. Specifically, we would like to assess how accurately a user’s short-term goals, methods, and context in an information seeking task have been captured. Our method is to compare a machine-generated model against a human-generated model with 5 users using the CACM collection. Our results demonstrate a good coverage of human-generated user models by machinegenerated models in terms of short-term goals, methods and context. The similarity between a real user and our approach in terms of context agrees with the similarities of human -generated ontologies using the same metrics in existing studies from the ontology community. Furthermore, our results show that the similarities between a human and machine in terms of short term goals and methods, which affect the relevancy assessment process, agree with the overlap among people while assessing relevancy documents in the existing study from the information retrieval community.
Jacobsen syndrome due to an unbalanced translocation between 11q23 and 22q11.2 identified at age 40 years

A woman with psychomotor developmental delay, congenital glaucoma, and distinctive facial features, and a short neck was diagnosed with Jacobsen syndrome (JBS) at age 40 years. A previously reported balanced translocation between chromosome 11 and 22 instead showed an unbalanced translocation by a microarray‐based comparative hybridization analysis with the final karyotype of 46,XX,der(11)t(11;22)(q23.3;q11.21),del(22)(q11.21) dn. The breakpoint of chromosome 11 was determined to be at TECTA and not near the apolipoprotein gene cluster site or the fragile site (FRA11B), which are commonly seen in patients with t(11;22) and patients with typical 11q deletions, respectively. Although the phenotypic features of the patient, including psychomotor developmental delay, distinctive features, and mild thrombocytopenia, were consistent with JBS, congenital glaucoma, which is an uncommon finding of JBS, was the most prominent condition during her natural history. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cytokine profile and proteome analysis in bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with sarcoidosis, pulmonary fibrosis associated with systemic sclerosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

The aim of this study was to analyze the type of immune response (Th1, Th2) and protein composition of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with sarcoidosis, pulmonary fibrosis associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Flow cytometry analysis of intracellular cytokines revealed different patterns: in IPF and SSc Th2 profiles were predominant, whereas in sarcoidosis Th1 prevailed. The proteomic analysis of BAL fluid (BALF) showed that there were quantitative differences between the three diseases. These were more evident between sarcoidosis and IPF, confirming our previous observations, whereas SSc had an intermediate profile between the two, however with some peculiarities. Comparison of BALF protein maps, constructed with the same quantity of total proteins, enabled us to identify the main profiles of the three diseases: an increase in plasma protein prevalent in sarcoidosis and also present in SSc, though for fewer proteins with respect to IPF and a greater abundance of low molecular weight proteins, mainly locally produced, in IPF. These findings are in line with the different pathogenesis of these diseases: IPF is considered a prevalently fibrotic disorder limited to the lung, with intense local production of functionally different proteins, whereas sarcoidosis and SSc are systemic immunoinflammatory diseases.
Variation Between Observers in Describing Mucosal Appearances in Proctocolitis*

The appearances of the recto-sigmoid mucosa in proctocolitis are so diverse that it is difficult to establish generally applicable and precisely defined descriptive terms. As these appearances are used in diagnosis and as an indication of the course of the disease, it is important that the overall visual impression should be analysed into its various components and that the observer variation in describing them should be known. We have made such an analysis and measured the observer variation in describing each component. As might be expected, we have found that observer-variation for graded characteristics ? for example, shades of red? is high and that for the few discontinuous variables? for example, the presence or absence of blood in the lumen? it is low. Using the best of these criteria, it may be possible to describe mucosal appearances in a more consistent way.
MQMF: Multiple Quality Measure Factors for Trust Computation and Security in MANET

Identification of the mobile ad hoc network node in a secure, reliable communication is a very important factor. It will be a node in the service of reconciliation and node behaviour leads to uncertainty. It is always challenge to manage node security and resource due to the complexity of high mobility and resource constraints. Trust based security provides light-weight security computing for individual node trust to provide reliable and quality of service. In this paper we present a multiple quality measure factors (MQMF) approach for computing node trust to improvise the quality of service. It compute four quality measure factors based on node throughput and packet drop during communication to measure the node individual trustworthiness. It prevent the network from anomalous and malicious nodes to improvise the security and throughput. The evaluation measures shows an improvisation in throughput with less packet drop and computational overload in compare to existing protocols.
A randomized trial of tenecteplase versus alteplase for acute ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND Intravenous alteplase is the only approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Tenecteplase, a genetically engineered mutant tissue plasminogen activator, is an alternative thrombolytic agent. METHODS In this phase 2B trial, we randomly assigned 75 patients to receive alteplase (0.9 mg per kilogram of body weight) or tenecteplase (0.1 mg per kilogram or 0.25 mg per kilogram) less than 6 hours after the onset of ischemic stroke. To favor the selection of patients most likely to benefit from thrombolytic therapy, the eligibility criteria were a perfusion lesion at least 20% greater than the infarct core on computed tomographic (CT) perfusion imaging at baseline and an associated vessel occlusion on CT angiography. The coprimary end points were the proportion of the perfusion lesion that was reperfused at 24 hours on perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and the extent of clinical improvement at 24 hours as assessed on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS, a 42-point scale on which higher scores indicate more severe neurologic deficits). RESULTS The three treatment groups each comprised 25 patients. The mean (±SD) NIHSS score at baseline for all patients was 14.4±2.6, and the time to treatment was 2.9±0.8 hours. Together, the two tenecteplase groups had greater reperfusion (P=0.004) and clinical improvement (P<0.001) at 24 hours than the alteplase group. There were no significant between-group differences in intracranial bleeding or other serious adverse events. The higher dose of tenecteplase (0.25 mg per kilogram) was superior to the lower dose and to alteplase for all efficacy outcomes, including absence of serious disability at 90 days (in 72% of patients, vs. 40% with alteplase; P=0.02). CONCLUSIONS Tenecteplase was associated with significantly better reperfusion and clinical outcomes than alteplase in patients with stroke who were selected on the basis of CT perfusion imaging. (Funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council; Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12608000466347.).
Urban Options for Psychological Restoration: Common Strategies in Everyday Situations

Objectives Given the need for knowledge on the restorative potential of urban settings, we sought to estimate the effects of personal and contextual factors on preferences and restoration likelihood assessments for different urban activities-in-environments. We also sought to study the generality of these effects across different countries. Methods We conducted a true experiment with convenience samples of university students in the Netherlands (n = 80), Sweden (n = 100), and the USA (n = 316). In each country, the experiment had a mixed design with activities-in-environments (sitting in a park, sitting in a cafe, walking in a shopping mall, walking along a busy street) manipulated within-subjects and the need for restoration (attentional fatigue, no attentional fatigue) and immediate social context (in company, alone) manipulated between-subjects. The manipulations relied on previously tested scenarios describing everyday situations that participants were instructed to remember and imagine themselves being in. For each imagined situation (activity-in-environment with antecedent fatigue condition and immediate social context), subjects provided two criterion measures: general preference and the likelihood of achieving psychological restoration. Results The settings received different preference and restoration likelihood ratings as expected, affirming that a busy street, often used in comparisons with natural settings, is not representative of the restorative potential of urban settings. Being with a close friend and attentional fatigue both moderated ratings for specific settings. Findings of additional moderation by country of residence caution against broad generalizations regarding preferences for and the expected restorative effects of different urban settings. Conclusions Preferences and restoration likelihood ratings for urban activity-environment combinations are subject to multiple personal and contextual determinants, including level of attentional fatigue, being alone versus in company, and broader aspects of the urban context that vary across cities and countries. Claims regarding a lack of restorative quality in urban environments are problematic.
Interleukin‐4 and Interleukin‐13 Stimulate the Osteoclast Inhibitor Osteoprotegerin by Human Endothelial Cells Through the STAT6 Pathway

Introduction: Endothelial cells of the bone vasculature modulate development, remodeling, and repair of bone by secreting osteotropic cytokines and hormones, which can act on osteoblastic and osteoclastic lineage cells. RANKL is the essential factor for differentiation, activation, and survival of osteoclasts, whereas osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a soluble decoy receptor and inhibitor for RANKL.
Aesthetics Electrified: An Analysis of Descriptive Symmetry and Evaluative Aesthetic Judgment Processes Using Event-Related Brain Potentials

An event-related brain potential (ERP) study comparing descriptive and evaluative judgment processes is reported. Using identical stimuli to isolate perceptual from judgmental processes, the two judgment types were operationalized by employing symmetry and aesthetic judgments. Electrophysiological activity was recorded while participants viewed newly designed two-dimensional patterns in a pre-cued task setting. Judgment analyses of a Phase I test and performance in the main experiment revealed detailed paramorphic models of the individual judges' cognitive systems as well as group models. Symmetry showeda strong positive correlation with judgments and was the most important cue in every case. Descriptive judgments were performed faster than evaluative judgments. The ERPs revealed a phasic frontal negativity in the non-aesthetic condition as well as a sustained posterior negativity in the symmetrical condition. All conditions showed late positive potentials (LPP). Evaluative judgment LPPs revealed a more pronounced right lateralization. It was concluded that descriptive symmetry judgment and evaluative aesthetic judgment processes differ dramatically and recruit, at least in part, different neural machinery.
Responsibility for Children under the Age of Three Years Recommendations of the German-Speaking Association for Infant Mental Health (GAIMH) for the care and teaching of infants and toddlers in daycare centers Contents

These recommendations have been approved and published by the board of GAIMH. The basis for these recommendations are the result of work done in April 2008 during an intensive day-long session involving invited experts and members of GAIMH internal working groups. This session involved intensive interdisciplinary discussions of findings and experience from the research and practice of invitees from GAIMH’s member countries -Germany, Austria, and Switzerland -based on international studies on the development of infants and toddlers.
Bacterioplankton Secondary Production Estimates for Coastal Waters of British Columbia, Antarctica, and California

The principal objective of this study was to quantify the rate of heterotrophic bacterioplankton production. Production was estimated by two approaches: (i) measurement of increasing bacterial abundance with time in filtered (3-μm pore size) seawater and (ii) estimation of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by tritiated thymidine incorporation in unfractionated seawater. The two approaches yielded comparable results when used at the Controlled Ecosystem Population Experiment (Saanich Inlet, British Columbia, Canada), at McMurdo Sound (Antarctica), and off Scripps Pier (La Jolla, Calif.). Estimated bacterioplankton production was lower in Antarctic samples (ranging from ∼0 to 2.9 μg of C liter−1 day−1) than in those from the other two sites (ranging from 0.7 to 71 μg of C liter−1 day−1). In all three regions studied, it appeared that a significant fraction of the total primary production was utilized by the bacterioplankton and that substantial growth could occur in the absence of large particles. These results support the conclusion that bacterioplankton are a quantitatively important component of coastal marine food webs.
Automaticity and the Processing of Artistic Photographs

Participants viewed black and white artistic photographs. They used a visual scale to indicate their preferences for the photographs while performing a concurrent digit preload memory recall task. They also rated the photographs using 27 semantic differential items in order to assess the attributes used to form their impressions of the photographs. The results showed that digit recall and preference ratings changed little when digit load increased, providing evidence that an automatic mode of cognitive processing was likely used when making preference judgments. The results from the rating task showed that participants preferred photographs that were pleasant, clear, interesting, and easy to process and understand. The results provide important evidence for the existence of dual mechanism processes in aesthetic appreciation.
Double-Strand Breaks from a Radical Commonly Produced by DNA-Damaging Agents

Double-strand breaks are widely accepted to be the most toxic form of DNA damage. Molecules that produce double-strand breaks via a single chemical event are typically very cytotoxic and far less common than those that form single-strand breaks. It was recently reported that a commonly formed C4′-radical produces double-strand breaks under aerobic conditions. Experiments described herein indicate that a peroxyl radical initiates strand damage on the complementary strand via C4′-hydrogen atom abstraction. Inferential evidence suggests that a C3′-peroxyl radical induces complementary strand damage more efficiently than does a C4′-peroxyl radical. Complementary strand hydrogen atom abstraction by the peroxyl radical is efficiently quenched by thiols. This mechanism could contribute to the higher than expected yield of double-strand breaks produced by ionizing radiation.