Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The development of an evidence-based treatment: Regulation-Focused Psychotherapy for Children with externalising behaviours (RFP-C)

There is a critical need for the development, evaluation and implementation of evidence-based psychodynamic treatments for children and adolescents. Currently, there are no empirically supported, manualised psychodynamic treatments for children and adolescents with disruptive behaviour problems. The field of manualised psychodynamic treatments with measurable equivalence or superiority to other established forms of psychotherapy is in its nascent stage. This paper details a novel, manualised, time-limited psychodynamic treatment approach for children who manifest disruptive behaviours and emotional dysregulation. Regulation-Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C) conceptualises children’s disruptive and acting out behaviours as expressions of maladaptive emotion regulation. Externalising symptoms are conceptualised as attempts to defend against painful emotions and thus protect the child from disturbing feelings such as sadness, shame and guilt. This paper provides the theoretical basis for the treatment approach and through the use of a clinical example demonstrates the systematic application of RFP-C in a single case.
Models of Fetal Brain Injury, Intrauterine Inflammation, and Preterm Birth

Intrauterine infection and inflammation are known risk factors for brain damage in the neonate irrespective of the gestational age. Infection‐induced maternal immune activation leads to a fetal inflammatory response mediated by cytokines that has been implicated in the development of not only periventricular leukomalacia and cerebral palsy but also a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia (Behav Brain Res 2009; 204:313, Ann Neurol 2005; 57:67, Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 182:675). A common link among the neurobehavioral disorders associated with intrauterine inflammation appears to be the evidence for immune dysregulation in the developing brain (Behav Brain Res 2009; 204:313). The timing of the immune challenge with respect to the gestational age and neurologic development of the fetus may be crucial in the elicited response (J Neurosci 2006; 26:4752). Studies involving animal models of maternal inflammation serve a key role in elucidation of mechanisms involved in fetal brain injury associated with exposure to the maternal milieu. These animal models have been shown to result in fetal microglial activation, neurotoxicity as well motor deficits and behavioral abnormalities in the offspring (J Neurosci 2006; 26:4752, J Neurosci Res 2010; 88:172, Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 201:279, Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008; 199:651). A better understanding of the mechanisms of perinatal brain injury will allow discoveries of novel neuroprotective agents, better outcomes following preterm birth and stratification of fetuses and neonates for therapies in cases of preterm birth, preterm premature rupture of membranes, and chorioamnionitis.
e-Achievable and Delay-Limited Capacities of Shadowed Multi-Antenna Channels

This paper considers theoretical link spectral efficiency limits of multi-antenna channels with composite Rayleigh multipath fading and log-normal shadowing. The relevant limits include epsiv-achievable and delay-limited link spectral efficiencies which are defined with respect to the availability of the channel state information at the transmitter and the receiver. The numerical results suggest that the shadowing seriously limits the achievable link spectral efficiencies. The difference between epsiv-achievable link spectral efficiencies in non-shadowed and shadowed channels is approximately linearly proportional to the minimum number of antennas. Furthermore, the availability of the channel state information at the transmitter, in addition to the receiver, significantly increases the epsiv-achievable link spectral efficiency in shadowed channels. In non-shadowed channels the respective increase of the epsiv-achievable link spectral efficiency is less pronounced.
Adaptive and Mutational Resistance: Role of Porins and Efflux Pumps in Drug Resistance

SUMMARY The substantial use of antibiotics in the clinic, combined with a dearth of new antibiotic classes, has led to a gradual increase in the resistance of bacterial pathogens to these compounds. Among the various mechanisms by which bacteria endure the action of antibiotics, those affecting influx and efflux are of particular importance, as they limit the interaction of the drug with its intracellular targets and, consequently, its deleterious effects on the cell. This review evaluates the impact of porins and efflux pumps on two major types of resistance, namely, mutational and adaptive types of resistance, both of which are regarded as key phenomena in the global rise of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic microorganisms. In particular, we explain how adaptive and mutational events can dramatically influence the outcome of antibiotic therapy by altering the mechanisms of influx and efflux of antibiotics. The identification of porins and pumps as major resistance markers has opened new possibilities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies directed specifically against these mechanisms.
Harmonic content in VSI operated with homogeneous pulse width

Operation of inverters requires a subsystem to generate the gating signals for the semiconductor switches. In the case of simple modulating schemes such as PWM the gating signals can be obtained from inexpensive analog or digital electronic hardwired logic. In other situations a DSP or other kind of device with high computing power is needed. Then it is usual to have a control program that requires an homogeneous sampling period. In such cases, the actuation signal is kept constant for the whole duration of the sampling period. This is is in sharp contrast with methods that modulate via pulse width. In this paper a geometrical analysis is made over the set of waveforms that can be generated this way. The interest is in the harmonic content of the resulting voltage. The study identifies the key factors regarding harmonic content and provides bounds on the minimum harmonic content achievable by any homogeneous pulse width technique. Other related issues such as commutation losses are also considered.
Comparative Gamma Delta T Cell Immunology: A Focus on Mycobacterial Disease in Cattle

A theme among many pathogenic mycobacterial species affecting both humans and animals is a prolonged asymptomatic or latent period that can last years to decades. The mechanisms that favor progression to active disease are not well understood. Pathogen containment is often associated with an effective cell-mediated or T-helper 1 immune profile. With certain pathogenic mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, a shift to active clinical disease is associated with loss of T-helper 1 immunity and development of an ineffective humoral or T-helper 2 immune response. Recently γδ T cells have been shown to play a role early in mycobacterial infections and have been hypothesized to influence disease outcome. The purpose of this paper is to compare recent advancements in our understanding of γδ T cells in humans, cattle, and mice and to discuss roles of γδ T cells in host response to mycobacterial infection.
Cyclic prefix based time synchronization and comb type channel estimation for SC-FDMA systems over time-varying channels

In the long term evolution (LTE) uplink systems, reference signals based on Zadoff-Chu sequences are employed for time synchronization and block type channel estimation because the pilots are inserted into all the subcarriers of one single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol with a certain period. The block-type channel estimation can be adopted for slowly fading channel while the channel can be considered as stationary within a certain period of SC-FDMA symbols. However, in practice, a wideband radio channel is time-variant and the channel estimation errors based on block-type channel estimation will significantly degrade the performance of SC-FDMA systems in fast fading environments. Therefore, in this paper, the maximum likelihood (ML) time synchronization and comb-type channel estimation for SC-FDMA systems is presented. We demonstrated that the proposed system has significant bit error rate (BER) advantages over fast varying environments.
Stability and sensitivity of nursing home quality indicators.

HE issues of stability and sensitivity of indicators toactually detect differences in quality of care in nursingfacilities are not only of concern to researchers, but alsoto public policy makers, who are reporting indicators toproviders and now to consumers. Our research team at theUniversityofMissouri-Columbiarecentlycompletedastudyof 92 randomly selected nursing homes with a range ofquality. Quality of care measurement was based ona statewide analysis of 23 quality indicators (QIs) currentlyused by the federal government to evaluate quality of care innursing homes (see Table 1). The study examined the cost,stafﬁng, and quality of care information from the nursinghome Minimum Data Set (MDS) and Medicaid cost reportlarge data sets with processes of care data collected fromon-site participant observations of each facility (1). Thisresearch brief explains what we learned in our study aboutstability and sensitivity of the MDS QIs.B
Low Bone Mineral Content in Summer‐Born Compared with Winter‐Born Infants

Summary Possible seasonal differences in newborn bone mineral content (BMC) have not been studied. Adult studies show seasonal variations with lower BMC in winter versus summer. Assuming that BMC variations may relate in part to vitamin D status, we hypothesized that newborn BMC would be lower in winter than summer. BMC of one third distal radius was measured in 55 healthy term newborns using a single beam photon absorptiometer [coefficient of variation (CV) for phantom standard 2.1%]. Infants were enrolled during summer (July-September, 1988) and winter (January-March, 1989) for a longitudinal nutrition study. Contrary to our hypothesis, there was a 12% lower BMC in summer versus winter (mean ± SD 75.94 ± 17.42 vs. 86.55 ± 17.54 mg/cm, respectively; p = 0.035). The difference remained significant after controlling for possible race and gender effects (p = 0.02). We conclude that BMC is lower in summer- compared with winter-born infants. Since any seasonal effects on fetal bone are presumably related to effects through the mother, we speculate that if maternal vitamin D status influences fetal bone mineralization, the effect (possible sunshine deprivation in winter) may operate especially in early pregnancy, thus resulting in lower BMC, evident at birth in summer.
Correlation between ventilatory threshold and endurance capability in marathon runners.

The purpose of the study was to develop an index of endurance capability [i.e., "the ability to sustain a high fractional utilization of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) for a prolonged period of time"]. The index was based on the linear reduction of fractional utilization of VO2max with total running time greater than 7 min plotted on a log scale. The endurance index estimated from VO2max, running efficiency and the marathon performance of 18 male runners (30 +/- 7 yr old; VO2max = 66 +/- 5 ml.kg-1.min-1) ranged between -4.07 and -9.96% VO2max.1 nt-1 (mean +/- SD = -6.40 +/- 1.50) and was not related to VO2max (r = 0.107) or speed in the marathon race (r = 0.354). However, the endurance index was closely related (r = 0.853) to the fractional utilization of VO2max at ventilatory threshold (breakaway of the excess CO2 elimination curve) which occurred at 76.1 +/- 5.5% VO2max in response to a graded treadmill test. These results indicate that: (i) running time on long distance races is not, per se, an adequate measure of endurance capability because of the major contribution of VO2max to long distance running performance; (ii) the endurance index expressed as %VO2max.1n t-1 is an objective and independent index of endurance capability; and (iii) runners with a high endurance capability tend to hyperventilate at higher relative workload during a graded treadmill test.
Genomic Sequence Diversity and Population Structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Assessed by RAD-seq

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is important for human food production and as a model organism for biological research. The genetic diversity contained in the global population of yeast strains represents a valuable resource for a number of fields, including genetics, bioengineering, and studies of evolution and population structure. Here, we apply a multiplexed, reduced genome sequencing strategy (restriction site−associated sequencing or RAD-seq) to genotype a large collection of S. cerevisiae strains isolated from a wide range of geographical locations and environmental niches. The method permits the sequencing of the same 1% of all genomes, producing a multiple sequence alignment of 116,880 bases across 262 strains. We find diversity among these strains is principally organized by geography, with European, North American, Asian, and African/S. E. Asian populations defining the major axes of genetic variation. At a finer scale, small groups of strains from cacao, olives, and sake are defined by unique variants not present in other strains. One population, containing strains from a variety of fermentations, exhibits high levels of heterozygosity and a mixture of alleles from European and Asian populations, indicating an admixed origin for this group. We propose a model of geographic differentiation followed by human-associated admixture, primarily between European and Asian populations and more recently between European and North American populations. The large collection of genotyped yeast strains characterized here will provide a useful resource for the broad community of yeast researchers.
Obstructions on Fundamental Groups of Plane Curve Complements

We survey various Alexander-type invariants of plane curve com- plements and, in relation to a question of Serre, we emphasize certain ob- structions on the type of groups that can arise as fundamental groups of com- plements to complex plane curves. These obstructions are then discussed on special classes of examples. In particular, we give new explicit computations of higher-order degrees of curves, which are invariants defined in a previous paper of the authors.
Reliable ESB and Distributed Transactional Memory for SOA

Service oriented architecture (SOA) is a paradigm for the realization and maintenance of business processes that span large distributed systems. Organizations often face difficulties when building the IT system based on SOA. the most common problem is poor reliability including service qualities and performance issues. in this article, we propose solutions to the problems described and merge them into a comprehensive architectural model for the reliable services provision in SOA. in order to overcome problems related to poor reliability, our architectural model requires the use of adjusted ESB (Enterprise Service Bus). Furthermore, we propose that all data transfer between web services and backend goes in form of TO (Transactional Objects), which are accessed by transactions in distributed transactional memory and allow us a uniform data access and manipulation, regardless of the data source. as the best approach to improve performances of the data access, our model introduces caching in the system binding with TOs. the proposed model is also loosely coupled, which means that the organizations can use only parts of the whole solution that correspond to their specific needs.
Exploring Locally Adaptive Dimensionality Reduction for Hyperspectral Image Classification: A Maximum Margin Metric Learning Aspect

The high-dimensional data space generated by hyperspectral sensors introduces challenges for the conventional data analysis techniques. Popular dimensionality reduction techniques usually assume a Gaussian distribution, which may not be in accordance with real life. Metric learning methods, which explore the global data structure of the labeled training samples, have proved to be very efficient in hyperspectral fields. However, we can go further by utilizing locally adaptive decision constraints for the labeled training samples per class to obtain an even better performance. In this paper, we present the locally adaptive dimensionality reduction metric learning (LADRml) method for hyperspectral image classification. The aims of the presented method are: 1) first, to utilize the limited training samples to reduce the dimensionality of data without a certain distribution hypothesis; and 2) second, to better handle data with complex distributions by the use of locally adaptive decision constraints, which can assess the similarity between a pair of samples based on the distance changes before and after metric learning. The experimental results obtained with a number of challenging hyperspectral image datasets demonstrate that the proposed LADRml algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art dimensionality reduction and metric learning methods.
Joint channel and data estimation for MIMO communications using sparse pilots

We present a joint channel and data estimation algorithm for communication across multiple antenna channels, and illustrate its performance by example of a 2 × 1 Alamouti Space-Time Code (STC) scheme as well as a 2 × 2 Spatial Multiplexing (SMX) scheme. The dedicated trellis tracking algorithm allows to estimate multiple channel coefficients in parallel while simultaneously performing a posteriori Probability (APP) detection of the transmitted bits. Link layer simulations show that the ergodic capacity can be gradually approached with incremental a priori knowledge, as stemming from an outer channel decoder, even in situations with very sparsely distributed pilot symbols, where conventional channel estimators would fail.
SMALL GAPS BETWEEN PRIMES OR ALMOST PRIMES

Let p n denote the n th prime. Goldston, Pintz, and Yildirim recently proved that li m in f (pn+1 ― p n ) n→∞ log p n = 0. We give an alternative proof of this result. We also prove some corresponding results for numbers with two prime factors. Let q n denote the n th number that is a product of exactly two distinct primes. We prove that lim inf(qn+1―q n ) n→∞ 26. If an appropriate generalization of the Elliott-Halberstam Conjecture is true, then the above bound can be improved to 6.
The train now leaving.... the challenges of educating information professionals for the twenty first century

Issues of professional education in the information area have been much debated over the past several decades. However, increasingly the knowledge base and skills required to equip students to take advantage of the ever-increasing range of employment opportunities, are not always found in traditional ‘library schools’. A major challenge for emerging information departments, it is suggested, is to focus upon delivering curricula that are attractive both to students and their prospective employers. Failure to respond to this challenge will see other academic disciplines, particularly those based in business schools, moving to exploit the burgeoning market for information and knowledge practitioners.
Effects of training on quality of peer review: randomised controlled trial

Abstract Objective To determine the effects of training on the quality of peer review. Design Single blind randomised controlled trial with two intervention groups receiving different types of training plus a control group. Setting and participants Reviewers at a general medical journal. Interventions Attendance at a training workshop or reception of a self taught training package focusing on what editors want from reviewers and how to critically appraise randomised controlled trials. Main outcome measures Quality of reviews of three manuscripts sent to reviewers at four to six monthly intervals, evaluated using the validated review quality instrument; number of deliberate major errors identified; time taken to review the manuscripts; proportion recommending rejection of the manuscripts. Results Reviewers in the self taught group scored higher in review quality after training than did the control group (score 2.85 v 2.56; difference 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.44; P = 0.001), but the difference was not of editorial significance and was not maintained in the long term. Both intervention groups identified significantly more major errors after training than did the control group (3.14 and 2.96 v 2.13; P < 0.001), and this remained significant after the reviewers' performance at baseline assessment was taken into account. The evidence for benefit of training was no longer apparent on further testing six months after the interventions. Training had no impact on the time taken to review the papers but was associated with an increased likelihood of recommending rejection (92% and 84% v 76%; P = 0.002). Conclusions Short training packages have only a slight impact on the quality of peer review. The value of longer interventions needs to be assessed.
Transverse and longitudinal beam dynamics studies at the Fermilab photoinjector

The Fermilab photoinjector produces electron bunches of 1-12 nC charge with an energy of 16-18 MeV. Detailed measurements and optimization of the transverse emittance have been carried out for a number of beam line optics conditions, and at a number of beam line locations. The length of the bunches has also been measured, first for an uncompressed beam (as a function of the charge) and then for a compressed beam of 8 nC charge (as a function of the 9-cell cavity phase). These measurements are presented and compared with the simulation codes HOMDYN and ASTRA.
Intelligibility and Perceptual Ratings after Treatment for Laryngeal Cancer: Laryngectomy Versus Radiotherapy

In Sweden the most common treatment for T3‐T4 laryngeal carcinoma is radical radiotherapy (with surgery for salvage), because the voice is thus preserved. A Swedish study showed that surgery yielded a significantly better 5‐year survival and locoregional control at 3 years in T4 laryngeal carcinoma than radical radiotherapy. With these results in mind, we wanted to compare the different modes of treatment (surgery with a tracheoesophageal [TE] fistula and radical radiotherapy) with respect to the patients' speech proficiency. Twenty‐eight subjects (with 14 patients in each treatment group) were judged by inexperienced and experienced listeners according to intelligibility by transcription and three perceptual ratings. From the perceptual ratings of speech intelligibility, voice quality, and speech acceptability we conclude that there is a significant difference, the irradiated speakers being rated higher than the tracheoesophageal speakers. It is also clear that most of the TE and irradiated laryngeal speaking patients are comparable to normal laryngeal speakers in intelligibility by transcription. Experienced and inexperienced listeners are able to rate TE and irradiated laryngeal speech reliably and similarly according to intelligibility by transcription. The inexperienced listeners rated the TE speakers significantly higher than did the experienced listeners.
Presentation of protective antigen to the mouse immune system: immune sequelae

Protective antigen (PA), the major protective component of the existing vaccine, is a potent immunogen. Protective antigen in alhydrogel induced a high serum IgG titre (> log10 4) in both the C57B16 and Balb/c mouse and the predominant subclass of antibody induced was IgG1, indicating that the response to PA was predominantly Th2 directed. When plasmid DNA encoding PA was used to immunize the Balb/c mouse, a low serum IgG titre was detected (≤log10 1), which was slightly increased by boosting with plasmid DNA. However, when mice immunized with plasmid DNA were later boosted with rPA, a significant and rapid increase in titre (up to threefold) was observed. Priming mice with PA‐encoding plasmid DNA may be a mechanism of enhancing and accelerating the immune response to PA.