Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TBF: A memory-efficient replacement policy for flash-based caches

The performance and capacity characteristics of flash storage make it attractive to use as a cache. Recency-based cache replacement policies rely on an in-memory full index, typically a B-tree or a hash table, that maps each object to its recency information. Even though the recency information itself may take very little space, the full index for a cache holding N keys requires at least log N bits per key. This metadata overhead is undesirably high when used for very large flash-based caches, such as key-value stores with billions of objects. To solve this problem, we propose a new RAM-frugal cache replacement policy that approximates the least-recently-used (LRU) policy. It uses two in-memory Bloom sub-filters (TBF) for maintaining the recency information and leverages an on-flash key-value store to cache objects. TBF requires only one byte of RAM per cached object, making it suitable for implementing very large flash-based caches. We evaluate TBF through simulation on traces from several block stores and key-value stores, as well as evaluate it using the Yahoo! Cloud Serving Benchmark in a real system implementation. Evaluation results show that TBF achieves cache hit rate and operations per second comparable to those of LRU in spite of its much smaller memory requirements.
Effects of HMGB-1 Overexpression on Cell-Cycle Progression in MCF-7 Cells

High mobility group-1 (HMGB-1) enhances the DNA interactions and possesses a transcriptional activation potential for several families of sequence-specific transcriptional activators. In order to examine the effect of HMGB-1 on the cell cycle progression in MCF-7 cells, the HMGB-1 expression vector was transfected into synchronized MCF-7 cells, and the effect of HMGB-1 overexpression on the cell cycle was examined. The HMGB-1 protein level in the transfected cells increased 4.87-fold compared to the non-transfected cells. There were few changes in the cell cycle phase distribution after HMGB-1 overexpression in the MCF-7 cells. Following the estrogen treatment, the cell cycle progressed in both the HMGB-1 overexpressed MCF-7 and the mock-treated cells. However, a larger proportion of HMGB-1 overexpressing MCF-7 cells progressed to the either S or G2 phase than the mock-treated cells. The mRNA levels of the cell cycle regulators changed after being treated with estrogen in both the HMGB-1 overexpressing MCF-7 and the mock-treated cells, but the changes in the expression level of the cell cycle regulator genes were more prominent in the HMGB-1 overexpressing MCF-7 cells than in the mock-treated cells. In conclusion, HMGB-1 overexpression itself does not alter the MCF-7 cell cycle progression, but the addition of estrogen to the HMGB-1 overexpressing MCF-7 cells appears to accelerate the cell cycle progression.
Consistency Encounters Contingency . The Application of PowerPoint for Knowledge Management Purposes and Its Differentiation as a Genre of Organizational Communication .

In this paper, PowerPoint presentations are analyzed in their application as project documents for knowledge management purposes. The analysis is conducted by means of an empirical case study in co-operation with an international business consulting firm. By drawing on the Luhmann’s theory of social systems (1995; 2000) as well as the distinction between media and genres of organizational communication (Yates & Orlikowski, 1992), it can be shown that the application of PowerPoint presentations in project documentation leads to the emergence of a genre conflict between consistency and contingency-centered modes of communication. From a knowledge management perspective, the focus on a consistent narrative can be considered as suboptimal if mistakes and alternatives to decisions are masked – all of which can embed highly relevant knowledge for future decisions on similar project matters.
Comparison between Proteome and Transcriptome Response in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Leaves Following Potato Virus Y (PVY) Infection

Plant diseases caused by viral infection are affecting all major crops. Being an obligate intracellular organisms, chemical control of these pathogens is so far not applied in the field except to control the insect vectors of the viruses. Understanding of molecular responses of plant immunity is therefore economically important, guiding the enforcement of crop resistance. To disentangle complex regulatory mechanisms of the plant immune responses, understanding system as a whole is a must. However, integrating data from different molecular analysis (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, smallRNA regulation etc.) is not straightforward. We evaluated the response of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) following the infection with potato virus Y (PVY). The response has been analyzed on two molecular levels, with microarray transcriptome analysis and mass spectroscopy-based proteomics. Within this report, we performed detailed analysis of the results on both levels and compared two different approaches for analysis of proteomic data (spectral count versus MaxQuant). To link the data on different molecular levels, each protein was mapped to the corresponding potato transcript according to StNIB paralogue grouping. Only 33% of the proteins mapped to microarray probes in a one-to-one relation and additionally many showed discordance in detected levels of proteins with corresponding transcripts. We discussed functional importance of true biological differences between both levels and showed that the reason for the discordance between transcript and protein abundance lies partly in complexity and structure of biological regulation of proteome and transcriptome and partly in technical issues contributing to it.
A novel framework of text-independent speaker verification based on utterance transform and iterative cohort modeling

A novel framework for text-independent speaker verification is proposed. The framework is based on a new interpretation of Universal Background Model. The UBM in our framework actually defines a transform which maps the variable length observation into a fixed dimensional supervector(supervector space). Each speech utterance is then mapped into a point in this supervector space. The similarity measure in this vector space is progressively refined via an iterative cohort modeling scheme. The experiments on NIST 2002 corpus show the effectiveness of this new framework. Overall the EER drops from the baseline system(with TNorm) 9.21% to final improved system(without T-Norm) 8.07%. The new framework can effectively reduce the data dependence in the final output score which is clearly indicated in the second sets of experiments. The EER after T-Norm of final system marginally increases by relatively 1.73% compared to the EER of baseline system drops 16.12% relatively after T-Norm. Also, the relative improvement of DCF after T-Norm is marginal for the final improved system (2.47%) compared to 33.68% in baseline system. It clear shows that the iterative cohort modeling effectively reduce the data dependence of the final scores, so that T-Norm will not further improve the system performance. Also, the performance of novel frame clearly increases as the iteration grows which suggest that the framework progressively refine the similarity measure on the supervector space with the iterative cohort modeling. Index Terms: speaker verification, utterance transform, iterative cohort modeling.
Dual-band frequency selective structure with large frequency band ratio

A dual-band bandpass frequency selective structure (FSS) with large frequency band ratio is presented in this paper. The proposed FSS consists of an array of three-layer printed circuit boards and a number of inserted metallic rods and plates. Under a linearly polarized incident wave with its electric field perpendicular to the printed circuit boards, two propagation paths with four resonators are constructed, providing dual-band performance. Furthermore, the two operating passbands are determined by resonators in the two propagation paths, respectively, which can be designed independently. In order to verify our concept, a design example is given and its simulated results show that the proposed FSS exhibits stable dual-band performance with large band spacing under a large variation of incident angle.
Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus

For most clinicians, status epilepticus brings to mind a state of ongoing convulsions, often with marked morbidity and mortality. Less well recognized are ongoing epileptic seizures with little or no evidence of movement. Such states, often with mild or minimal obtundation, are some of the more difficult conditions to diagnose, especially early in their course. In antiquity, wandering confused patients were given the diagnosis of "somnambulism," a condition that was subsequently attributed to certain famous people such as Galen and Socrates, and in the Middle Ages to others believed to be "p~ssessed . "~~~ More recently, Charcot in France was among the first to provide a medical underpinning to the condition, making the connection between epileptic states and ongoing confusion. In January, 1888, at the first of several Tuesday morning lectures at the Salp6triBre Hospital entitled "Ambulatory Automatisms: a Diagnosis of Epilepsy," Charcot described the perambulations of a delivery man around Paris, ascribing them to seizures. He was able at subsequent presentations to offer an evaluation of the effect of potassium bromide, an early antiepileptic drug.2 Well before the advent of the electroencephalogram (EEG), Charcot promulgated the concept that bizarre behavioral episodes could be part of epilepsy proper, although Gowers in England believed, rather, that such episodes were postictal in nature. Writing in 1901, Gowers stated, "After epileptic fits of moderate severity, the patient may pass into a condition of mental automatism, in which various acts are performed in an apparently conscious matter, but at which no recollection is afterwards retained. "3 Lectures of the sort given by Charcot became media events of the time, attracting writers, novelists, painters, hypnotists, and physicians who later became famous, such as Pierre Marie, Gilles de la Tourette, Babinski, and F r e ~ d . ~ Cases such as the "Somnambulist" captured and permeated the public fancy in a subsequent era of mesmerism and hypnosis. Such conditions, with their connotation of an ambulatory ictal confusional state, have long captivated physicians. Subsequently, dramatic epileptic fugue states with extended periods of poriomania, or epileptic wandering, were delineated. Lost husbands, the wandering-confused, or even the criminally charged could, or would, evoke an ambulatory epileptic state as an explanation for their behavior. Following the coining of the term "Ctat de ma1 Cpileptique" referring to repeated grand ma1 seizures, the concept rapidly found its way into the English language as "status epilepticus. " Meanwhile, the appreciation of the existence of different seizure types as well as durations of epileptic states led to classifications promulgated by the International League Against Epilepsy, but it was not until the advent of EEG and Lennox's description in 1938 of his cousin who had continuous spike-wave activity that nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) was demon~trated. ~
IndoTrack

Indoor human tracking is fundamental to many real-world applications such as security surveillance, behavioral analysis, and elderly care. Previous solutions usually require dedicated device being carried by the human target, which is inconvenient or even infeasible in scenarios such as elderly care and break-ins. However, compared with device-based tracking, device-free tracking is particularly challenging because the much weaker reflection signals are employed for tracking. The problem becomes even more difficult with commodity Wi-Fi devices, which have limited number of antennas, small bandwidth size, and severe hardware noise. In this work, we propose IndoTrack, a device-free indoor human tracking system that utilizes only commodity Wi-Fi devices. IndoTrack is composed of two innovative methods: (1) Doppler-MUSIC is able to extract accurate Doppler velocity information from noisy Wi-Fi Channel State Information (CSI) samples; and (2) Doppler-AoA is able to determine the absolute trajectory of the target by jointly estimating target velocity and location via probabilistic co-modeling of spatial-temporal Doppler and AoA information. Extensive experiments demonstrate that IndoTrack can achieve a 35cm median error in human trajectory estimation, outperforming the state-of-the-art systems and provide accurate location and velocity information for indoor human mobility and behavioral analysis.
Parity Lost and Parity Regained

RAID storage systems protect data from storage errors, such as data corruption, using a set of one or more integrity techniques, such as checksums. The exact protection offered by certain techniques or a combination of techniques is sometimes unclear. We introduce and apply a formal method of analyzing the design of data protection strategies. Specifically, we use model checking to evaluate whether common protection techniques used in parity-based RAID systems are sufficient in light of the increasingly complex failure modes of modern disk drives. We evaluate the approaches taken by a number of real systems under single-error conditions, and find flaws in every scheme. In particular, we identify a parity pollution problem that spreads corrupt data (the result of a single error) across multiple disks, thus leading to data loss or corruption. We further identify which protection measures must be used to avoid such problems. Finally, we show how to combine real-world failure data with the results from the model checker to estimate the actual likelihood of data loss of different protection strategies.
Leaving Flatland: Efficient real‐time three‐dimensional perception and motion planning

In this article we present the complete details of the architecture and implementation of Leaving Flatland, an exploratory project that attempts to surmount the challenges of closing the loop between autonomous perception and action on challenging terrain. The proposed system includes comprehensive localization, mapping, path planning, and visualization techniques for a mobile robot to operate autonomously in complex three‐dimensional (3D) indoor and outdoor environments. In doing so we integrate robust visual odometry localization techniques with real‐time 3D mapping methods from stereo data to obtain consistent global models annotated with semantic labels. These models are used by a multiregion motion planner that adapts existing two‐dimensional planning techniques to operate in 3D terrain. All the system components are evaluated on a variety of real‐world data sets, and their computational performance is shown to be favorable for high‐speed autonomous navigation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chondrosarcoma of the Proximal Humerus Secondary to Ollier Disease: An 8-Year Follow-Up of Successful Resection of the Tumor With Endoprosthetic Replacement of the Proximal Humerus

We present a 25-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of multiple enchondromatosis, who developed chondrosarcoma on the proximal humerus of the right upper limb. The patient had the pre-existing lesions of Ollier’s disease discovered during his childhood. The patient underwent wide resection of the sarcoma with a prosthetic replacement of the proximal humerus. So far we have followed up the patient for 8 years with no evidence of local recurrence and/or metastasis. The therapeutic results have been satisfied with a good functional recovery of the treated limb, enabling the patient to return to the pre-disease daily living and occupational activities. The reconstructive procedures represent an effective surgical strategy for limb salvage in the treatment of large segmental defects after resection of humeral tumors, substantially solving the functional and esthetic problems due to such a wide resection, and significantly improving the quality of life for the patient.
Data Mining of Gene Arrays for Biomarkers of Survival in Ovarian Cancer

The expected five-year survival rate from a stage III ovarian cancer diagnosis is a mere 22%; this applies to the 7000 new cases diagnosed yearly in the UK. Stratification of patients with this heterogeneous disease, based on active molecular pathways, would aid a targeted treatment improving the prognosis for many cases. While hundreds of genes have been associated with ovarian cancer, few have yet been verified by peer research for clinical significance. Here, a meta-analysis approach was applied to two carefully selected gene expression microarray datasets. Artificial neural networks, Cox univariate survival analyses and T-tests identified genes whose expression was consistently and significantly associated with patient survival. The rigor of this experimental design increases confidence in the genes found to be of interest. A list of 56 genes were distilled from a potential 37,000 to be significantly related to survival in both datasets with a FDR of 1.39859 × 10−11, the identities of which both verify genes already implicated with this disease and provide novel genes and pathways to pursue. Further investigation and validation of these may lead to clinical insights and have potential to predict a patient’s response to treatment or be used as a novel target for therapy.
Information Literacy at Community Colleges

Information literacy, or information competency as it is also called, includes the ability to access, evaluate, and use information from a variety of sources. According to the Association of American College & Research Libraries, ‘‘information literacy is a set of abilities requiring individuals to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information. ’’ To be information literate requires critical thinking and research skills as well as computer, technological, and library skills courses are often available, and in some cases are required. Librarians have been working with other faculty in various ways, including teaching faculty about their college library and other information sources, working together to integrate information literacy skills into class lectures and assignments, and creating general or subject specific Internet-based tutorials and distance education classes that emphasize information literacy skills. The citations below include descriptions of recent research and standards related to information literacy. ERIC documents (references with ‘‘ED’’ numbers) may be read on microfiche at approximately 900 libraries worldwide. To identify your local ERIC Resource Collection, connect to: http:==www.ed.gov=BASISDB=EROD=eric=SF. In addition, most documents may be ordered on microfiche or in paper copy from the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS) at (800) 443-ERIC. Citations preceded by an asterisk (*) refer to journal articles or other material unavailable from EDRS. Journal articles may be acquired through regular library channels, from the originating journal publisher, or for a fee from the following article reproduction vendor, Ingenta; email ushelp@ingenta.composite, phone (617) 395-4046, toll-free 1-800-296-2221, URL:http:==www.ingenta. com=. Other material may be available either directly through the publishing agency, or from out-of-print vendors. For more information about our products and services, please contact the ERIC Clearinghouse for Communtiy Colleges by telephone at (800) 832-8256, or via the Internet at ericcc@ucla.edu.
BOUNDARY VALUES AND THE TRANSFORMATION PROBLEM FOR CONSTANT PRINCIPAL STRAIN MAPPINGS

We initiate a study of homeomorphisms f with constant principal strains (cps) between smoothly bounded planar domains D , D ′ . An initial result shows that in order for there to be such a mapping of a given Jordan domain D onto D ′ , a certain condition of an isoperimetric nature must be satisfied by the latter. Thereafter, we establish the fundamental fact that principal strain lines (characteristics) of such mappings necessarily have well-defined tangents where they meet ∂ D . Using this, we obtain information about the boundary values of the Jacobian transformation of f , and finally we determine the class of all cps-homeomorphisms of a half-plane onto itself.
CKD of Uncertain Etiology: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Epidemics of CKD of uncertain etiology (CKDu) are emerging around the world. Highlighting common risk factors for CKD of uncertain etiology across various regions and populations may be important for health policy and public health responses. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases to identify published studies on CKDu. The search was generated in January of 2015; no language or date limits were used. We used a vote-counting method to evaluate exposures across all studies. RESULTS We identified 1607 articles, of which 26 met inclusion criteria. Eighteen (69%) were conducted in known CKDu-endemic countries: Sri Lanka (38%), Nicaragua (19%), and El Salvador (12%). The other studies were from India, Japan, Australia, Mexico, Sweden, Tunisia, Tanzania, and the United States. Heavy metals, heat stress, and dietary exposures were reported across all geographic regions. In south Asia, family history, agrochemical use, and heavy metal exposures were reported most frequently, whereas altitude and temperature were reported only in studies from Central America. Across all regions, CKDu was most frequently associated with a family history of CKDu, agricultural occupation, men, middle age, snake bite, and heavy metal exposure. CONCLUSIONS Studies examining etiologies of CKDu have reported many exposures that are heterogeneous and vary by region. To identify etiologies of CKDu, designing consistent and comparative multisite studies across high-risk populations may help elucidate the importance of region-specific versus global risk factors.
Leader-Contention-Based User Matching for 802.11 Multiuser MIMO Networks

In multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) LANs, the achievable throughput of a client depends on who is transmitting concurrently with it. Existing MU-MIMO MAC protocols, however, enable clients to use the traditional 802.11 contention to contend for concurrent transmission opportunities on the uplink. Such a contention-based protocol not only wastes lots of channel time on multiple rounds of contention but also fails to maximally deliver the gain of MU-MIMO because users randomly join concurrent transmissions without considering their channel characteristics. To address such inefficiency, this paper introduces MIMOMate, a leader-contention-based MU-MIMO MAC protocol that matches clients as concurrent transmitters according to their channel characteristics to maximally deliver the MU-MIMO gain while ensuring all users fairly share concurrent transmission opportunities. Furthermore, MIMOMate elects the leader of the matched users to contend for transmission opportunities using traditional 802.11 CSMA/CA. It hence requires only a single contention overhead for concurrent streams and can be compatible with legacy 802.11 devices. A prototype implementation in USRP N200 shows that MIMOMate achieves an average throughput gain of 1.42× and $1.52× over the traditional contention-based protocol for two- and three-antenna AP scenarios, respectively, and also provides fairness for clients.