Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Projection Micro-Stereolithography to Manufacture a Biocompatible Micro-Optofluidic Device for Cell Concentration Monitoring

In this work, a 3D printed biocompatible micro-optofluidic (MoF) device for two-phase flow monitoring is presented. Both an air–water bi-phase flow and a two-phase mixture composed of micrometric cells suspended on a liquid solution were successfully controlled and monitored through its use. To manufacture the MoF device, a highly innovative microprecision 3D printing technique was used named Projection Microstereolithography (PμSL) in combination with the use of a novel 3D printable photocurable resin suitable for biological and biomedical applications. The concentration monitoring of biological fluids relies on the absorption phenomenon. More precisely, the nature of the transmission of the light strictly depends on the cell concentration: the higher the cell concentration, the lower the optical acquired signal. To achieve this, the microfluidic T-junction device was designed with two micrometric slots for the optical fibers’ insertion, needed to acquire the light signal. In fact, both the micro-optical and the microfluidic components were integrated within the developed device. To assess the suitability of the selected biocompatible transparent resin for optical detection relying on the selected working principle (absorption phenomenon), a comparison between a two-phase flow process detected inside a previously fully characterized micro-optofluidic device made of a nonbiocompatible high-performance resin (HTL resin) and the same made of the biocompatible one (BIO resin) was carried out. In this way, it was possible to highlight the main differences between the two different resin grades, which were further justified with proper chemical analysis of the used resins and their hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature via static water contact angle measurements. A wide experimental campaign was performed for the biocompatible device manufactured through the PμSL technique in different operative conditions, i.e., different concentrations of eukaryotic yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (with a diameter of 5 μm) suspended on a PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) solution. The performed analyses revealed that the selected photocurable transparent biocompatible resin for the manufactured device can be used for cell concentration monitoring by using ad hoc 3D printed micro-optofluidic devices. In fact, by means of an optical detection system and using the optimized operating conditions, i.e., the optimal values of the flow rate FR=0.1 mL/min and laser input power P∈{1,3} mW, we were able to discriminate between biological fluids with different concentrations of suspended cells with a robust working ability R2=0.9874 and Radj2=0.9811.
New Thought about the Tectonic Evolution of the South China:with Discussion on Several Problems of the Cathaysian Old Land

During the Neoproterozoic to the Early Paleozoic, the South China was a marginal basin captured by the Yangtze active continental margin, filled with very thick flysch, sandstone, and shale sediments. At the end of the Early Paleozoic, the Fujian coast arc collided with the Wuyi arc and then both of them collided with the active continental margin of the Yangtze Block, which was called as an orogeny of the South China. These resulted in the metamorphism of the marginal basin sediments of the South China and intense tectonic deformation, then formed a series of nappe structures and granite magmatism. Accordingly, the South China was an Early Paleozoic orogenic belt instead of the Cathaysian Block (Paleocontinent). However, as there are still some scholars continuing to use this old term (the Cathaysian Block), it brings on the argument whether the South China is an orogenic belt or the Cathaysian Block. Professional term reflects scholars' academic ideology and research direction, therefore it is necessary to discuss the tectonic property of the South China. This paper discusses some problems of the Cathaysian Block and briefly points out the basic principles of the nomenclature about the geologic structural units.
Cooking with the Seasons for Health (CwS4H): An Innovative Intervention That Links Nutrition Education, Cooking Skills, and Locally Grown Produce to Increase Vegetable Intake among Limited-Resource Parent–Child Dyads in Rural Washington

Although children from limited-resource families in rural areas are at great risk for nutrition-related chronic diseases, few hands-on programs have been implemented that simultaneously engage both parents and children and include local produce in a single program. This study reports on the development, implementation, and evaluation of Cooking with the Seasons for Health (CwS4H). Parent–child pairs participated in six sessions (two weekly sessions during each of three growing seasons), which included food tasting, a spotlight vegetable, interactive mini nutrition lesson, a child-focused cooking lesson, hands-on meal preparation, distribution of materials as family guides, and a take-home bag of fresh produce. Pre- and postprogram survey data were collected from 23 parents and 22 children. Children reported improvements in nutrition knowledge, vegetable preference, and self-efficacy in food preparation and cooking. Parents reported gains in nutrition knowledge, nutritional behaviors, vegetable preference, attitude toward food preparation/cooking, involvement of the child in food preparation/cooking, confidence in preparing vegetables, and the child’s vegetable intake. Parents commented on the value children placed on food preparation and produce selection and how the program enhanced the parent–child relationship. By focusing CwS4H on a variety of fresh vegetables, this intervention helped to impact children’s vegetable intake behaviors by engaging children in preparing and choosing the food they eat.
Elaboration and Characterization of Dulce de Leche with Reduced Sugar Content

Dulce de leche is a South American traditional dairy product. However, due to the high sugar content, it is unsafe for consumers with special physiological conditions, such as diabetes. Light foods were developed to meet those demands whilst maintaining the sensory characteristics. The present study aimed to develop and characterize a formulation of light dulce de leche, using sweeteners to substitute sucrose, and gums as thickening and stabilizing agents. The physicochemical assays follow the AOAC manual, and the microbiological parameters were set according to MERCOSUL’s legislation. Thirty potential consumers perform the nine-point hedonic scale for product acceptance and the seven-point scale for buying intention. Compared to the traditional formulation, the product had better rheological properties, but a lighter color. All the raw materials and final products were considered safe by the recommended microbiological and toxicological standards; however, the product showed discrepancies to the physicochemical requirements. The formulation had an overall medium acceptance and low buying intention. The product had deficiencies, needing other compounds to reach the desired characteristics. Even though it leads to a more expensive final product, it is possible to adjust the product and allow access to more selective consumers or with restrictions.
The Value of Policies to Conserve Native Pollinating Bees in Northern Thailand – A Discrete Choice Experiment

This study attempts at estimating, with a discrete choice experiment, the preference of longan (Dimocarpus longan) farmers for changes in the population of native bees and for three (widely recognized) strategies to conserve them in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Thereby, the part-worth utilities of these policy attributes were estimated with a conditional logit model, indicating a positive contribution, ceteris paribus, of the analyzed policy elements to the probability of a conservation policy profile being chosen. The inclusion of a cost attribute allowed the calculation of willingness to pay estimates. Significant taste heterogeneity was also identified within a mixed logit model.
Signal Reduction of Signature Blocks for Transient Fault Debugging

Debugging is becoming increasingly important to identify functional errors of SoC caused by transient faults and to ensure system reliability. However, due to the complexity of a SoC, locating faulty signals and cycles can be challenging. Debugging flow and tool, e.g., EQED [1], applies signature blocks (MISR circuits) to capture errors and uses bounded model checking to identify transient fault candidates. In this paper, we proposed a reduction method to select essential signals for inserting and connecting signature blocks. The method identifies the propagation condition of faults and constructs a fault propagation graph (a tree of equivalent propagated faults) for the selection of essential transient faults. In our experiments of a RISC-V core, we can reduce the selected signals to about 2% on average, while maintaining more than 99% of debugging coverage.
Elaboration of Nanostructured Levan-Based Colloid System as a Biological Alternative with Antimicrobial Activity for Applications in the Management of Pathogenic Microorganisms

Considering the documented health benefits of bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs), specifically of bacterial levan (BL), including its intrinsic antimicrobial activity against certain pathogenic species, the current study concentrated on the development of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the form of colloid systems (CoSs) containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) employing in-house biosynthesized BL as a reducing and capping agent. The established protocol of fermentation conditions implicating two species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), i.e., Streptococcus salivarius K12 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides DSM 20343, ensured a yield of up to 25.7 and 13.7 g L−1 of BL within 72 h, respectively. An analytical approach accomplished by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy allowed for the verification of structural features attributed to biosynthesized BL. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the crystalline morphology of biosynthesized BL with a smooth and glossy surface and highly porous structure. Molecular weight (Mw) estimated by multi-detector size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) indicated that BL biosynthesized using S. salivarius K12 has an impressively high Mw, corresponding to 15.435 × 104 kilodaltons (kDa). In turn, BL isolated from L. mesenteroides DSM 20343 was found to have an Mw of only 26.6 kDa. Polydispersity index estimation (PD = Mw/Mn) of produced BL displayed a monodispersed molecule isolated from S. salivarius K12, corresponding to 1.08, while this was 2.17 for L. mesenteroides DSM 20343 isolate. The presence of fructose as the main backbone and, to a lesser extent, glucose and galactose as side chain molecules in EPS hydrolysates was supported by HPLC-RID detection. In producing CoS-BL@AgNPs within green biosynthesis, the presence of nanostructured objects with a size distribution from 12.67 ± 5.56 nm to 46.97 ± 20.23 was confirmed by SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The prominent inhibitory potency of elaborated CoS-BL@AgNPs against both reference test cultures, i.e., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus and those of clinical origin with multi-drug resistance (MDR), was confirmed by disc and well diffusion tests and supported by the values of the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations. CoS-BL@AgNPs can be treated as APIs suitable for designing new antimicrobial agents and modifying therapies in controlling MDR pathogens.
Comprehensive study and analysis for StarGAN and StarGAN-v2 in the task of image generation

With the continuous development of deep learning and artificial intelligence industry, more and more neural networks have been developed. Among them, one typical network widely used is StarGAN. It solves the problem of requiring multiple generators and discriminators for multiple domains and style transitions. In this article, we will analyze and explore StarGAN v1 and StarGAN v2. including StarGAN’s development history, advantages and disadvantages in the application, etc. At the same time, we will compare StarGAN with other neural networks such as CycleGAN and MSGAN through some discrimination criteria, and clearly demonstrate the influence of different networks on the generation of image data sets through quantitative and qualitative analysis. In addition, we also found a representative code on some of the actual uses of StarGAN for hair replacement through online sources. Since this code may be used to confuse the use of StarGAN v1 and v2, we will also improve this code in the article and put forward suggestions for changes. In this paper, we carried out the specific analysis of StarGAN’s loss function based on the existing data and put forward some relevant insights. By taking the data we searched for StarGAN, it can be found that StarGAN could use as few resources as possible to achieve clearer and more varied results during the image generation task
Phylogenetic Analyses of Lizards from the Chilean Humboldt Archipelago Reveal a New Species for the Chañaral Island (Squamata: Liolaemidae)

Simple Summary Within the genus Liolaemus, the zapallarensis group is restricted to semi-arid and arid coastal habitats of the Atacama Desert in north-central Chile. While lizards of the zapallarensis group inhabit various islands of the Humboldt Archipelago, knowledge regarding the specific identification of their species is limited. To address this gap, we conducted phylogenetic analyses and examined morphological characteristics to shed light on the lizard species inhabiting these islands. Our findings reveal that lizards from the Damas, Choros, and Gaviota islands belong to Liolaemus silvai. In contrast, the lizards on Chañaral Island formed a distinct and previously unknown species and were clearly distinctive from Liolaemus silvai. In light of our phylogenetic and morphological results, we postulate that the lizards inhabiting Chañaral Island constitute a novel species which we have described as Liolaemus carezzae sp. nov. This study offers valuable insights into the unique endemic biodiversity found in Chile. Abstract The Humboldt Archipelago, situated on Chile’s north-central coast, is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity. However, lizards of the Liolaemus genus are a particularly understudied group in this archipelago. Liolaemus genus is divided into two clades: chiliensis and nigromaculatus. Within the nigromaculatus clade the zapallarensis group is restricted to the semi-arid and arid coastal habitats of the Atacama Desert in north-central Chile. While it has been reported that lizards from the zapallarensis group inhabit various islands within the Humboldt Archipelago, there has been limited knowledge regarding their specific species identification. To identify the lizard species inhabiting these islands, we conducted phylogenetic analyses using a mitochondrial gene and examined morphological characteristics. Our findings reveal that lizards from the Damas, Choros, and Gaviota islands belong to Liolaemus silvai. In contrast, the lizards on Chañaral Island form a distinct and previously unrecognised group, clearly distinguishable from Liolaemus silvai. In conclusion, our study not only confirms the presence of L. silvai on the Damas, Choros, and Gaviota islands but also describes a new lizard species on Chañaral Island named Liolaemus carezzae sp. nov. These findings contribute valuable insights into the biodiversity of these islands and introduce a newly discovered endemic taxon to the region, enriching our understanding of Chile’s unique island ecosystems.
Convergence and Shared Reflective Equilibrium

We build a model of the reflective equilibrium method to better understand under what conditions a community of agents would achieve a shared equilibrium. We find that, despite guaranteeing that agents individually reach equilibrium and numerous constraints on how agents deliberate, it is surprisingly difficult for a community to converge on a small number of equilibria. Consequently, the literature on reflective equilibrium has underestimated the challenge of coordinating intrapersonal convergence and interpersonal convergence.
Asymmetric Frequency Shift in a Single Time-Modulated Cavity

We investigate the unconventional transmission properties of a single cavity experiencing concurrent index and amplitude modulation. Such a device can yield complete asymmetric frequency conversion without additional insertion loss, which remains elusive in a single cavity. Under optimal modulation parameters, the frequency conversion efficiency is enhanced through the redistribution of sideband energy. The phase difference between the two modulations plays a crucial role in realizing this unique behavior. Furthermore, it also achieves tunable carrier suppression, making it a promising candidate for efficient frequency shifters. We derive an exact solution of the time-rate equation governing the dynamics of the modulator and elaborate on the conditions for optimal asymmetric conversion.
Imbalanced Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on RFH-GAN and PSA-DRSN

Bearings in actual working environments typically operate in healthy conditions, resulting in an imbalance in the data collected data. The majority of the collected data are related to bearings in healthy conditions, with insufficient data related to faults. This imbalance leads to accuracy and stability issues in deep learning models used for diagnosis purposes. To address this issue, we propose employing a residual factorized hierarchical search-based generative adversarial network (RFH-GAN) and a residual shrinkage network with pyramidal squeezed attention (PSA-DRSN) for unbalanced fault diagnosis. The process involves transforming vibration signals collected from bearings into time-frequency (TF) domain images through the utilization of the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The enhanced RFH-GAN generates synthetic fault samples with authentic characteristics, while the PSA-DRSN performs fault diagnosis. The experimental findings substantiate that our method improves the quality of the generated samples, mitigates the data imbalance issues that are inherent in conventional diagnosis methods, and attains heightened precision and efficacy in fault diagnosis tasks.
Heavy mineral distribution in Weichselian drift successions in eastern Denmark

The use of heavy mineral content in Weichselian drift units as a stratigraphic tool has been investigated. A total of 26 heavy mineral analyses of representativ e samples from the four Weichselian kinetostratigraphic units in eastern Denmark are presented with data on both non-opaque and opaque mineral content. The heavy mineral content from inferred source areas has been deduced, partly from published data and partly from studies carried out by the author. The data indicate that heavy mineral analyses cannot be used as a general stratigraphic tool. However, the heavy mineral distribution indicates the occurrence of two distinct Weichselian heavy mineral provinces, a northern and a southern. The reasons why clast petrography studies may supply more reliable stratigraphic information are discussed.
BARNES–HUT/MULTIPOLE FAST ALGORITHM IN THE LAGRANGIAN VORTEX METHOD

New modification of the fast algorithm based on the Barnes–Hut (BH) and fast multipole method (FMM) is developed for the problem of velocities calculation in vortex particle method. It provides a quasilinear computational complexity and allows for the accuracy flexible adjustment, similar to the classic Barnes–Hut method. Four schemes are developed with a different number of terms being held in multipole and local expansions. All the necessary formulae are presented, expressed in terms of operations with complex numbers. If extremely high accuracy is not required, the proposed algorithm is more efficient in comparison to the traditional FMM methods.
The 1837 Maps of Henry Drury Harness

Historical cartography usually concerns matters prior to 1800 and as a consequence the story of the beginnings of modern cartographic technique largely exists only in fragmentary outline. There have been, to be sure, numerous chronicles of the development of modern survey and the detailed mapping of the land, but the birth and growth of small scale or "geographie cartography" and its relation to other cultural change is fully as fascinating as the other elements of cartographic history. The methodology of small scale cartography is commonly assumed to have had a slow and steady development from crude beginnings to its present supposed high state. A cursory examination shows this not to be the case. The period 1835-1855 might well be termed a "golden age" of the development of geographie cartography. Certainly this period witnessed one of the more remark? able "spurts" in development that has occurred in recent cartographic history. During this twenty-year period almost every technique now known for representing population numbers, distribution, density and movements seems to have come into being. The combination of the industrial revolution, the rise of mechanical trans? portation, the initiation of the great topographic surveys, the institution of censuses, and the proliferation of physical and social science investigation and education all combined to produce an environment in which geographical cartography would naturally fiourish. This paper is not the place to examine in detail the origins of statistical and population cartography, but a short resume of the status of our knowledge is appropriate.1 Secondary sources are few and by no means complete.2 For example, they tell us that no map of population distribution or density is known before almost mid-nineteenth century; flow maps are said to have originated in 1844, graduated circles on maps somewhat later; the dasymetric technique is sup? posed to have originated towards the end of the nineteenth century; and, with but a few exceptions, the statistical cartographic techniques are stated as having their origin on the continent. We can now trace our origins back somewhat further in these respects (and others), for each of these techniques was employed earlier in England on a series of maps which, in my opinion, qualifies as one of the more remarkable sets of maps ever made. They were constructed in 1837 to accompany the Second Report of the Irish Railway Commissioners. 3
The deep roots of the western Pyrenees revealed by full waveform inversion of teleseismic P waves

Imaging the architecture of mountain roots is required to understand the support of topography and for kinematic reconstructions at convergent plate boundaries, but is still challenging with conventional seismic imaging approaches. Here we present a three-dimensional model of both compressional and shear velocities in the lithosphere beneath the western Pyrenees (southwest Europe), obtained by full waveform inversion of teleseismic P waves. This tomographic model reveals the subduction of the Iberian crust beneath the European plate, and the European serpentinized subcontinental mantle emplaced at shallow crustal levels beneath the Mauleon basin. The rift-inherited mantle wedge acted as an indenter during the Pyrenean convergence. These new results provide compelling evidence for the role of rift-inherited structures during mountain building in Alpine-type orogens.