Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toward new perspectives on the interaction of iron and sulfur metabolism in plants

The deficiency of nutrients has been extensively investigated because of its impact on plant growth and yield. So far, the effects of a combined nutrient limitation have rarely been analyzed, although such situations are likely to occur in agroecosystems. Iron (Fe) is a prerequisite for many essential cellular functions. Its availability is easily becoming limiting for plant growth and thus higher plants have evolved different strategies to cope with Fe deficiency. Sulfur (S) is an essential macro-nutrient and the responses triggered by shortage situations have been well characterized. The interaction between these two nutrients is less investigated but might be of particular importance because most of the metabolically active Fe is bound to S in Fe–S clusters. The biosynthesis of Fe–S clusters requires the provision of reduced S and chelated Fe in a defined stoichiometric ratio, strongly suggesting coordination between the metabolisms of the two nutrients. Here the available information on interactions between Fe and S nutritional status is evaluated. Experiments with Arabidopsis thaliana and crop plants indicate a co-regulation and point to a possible role of Fe–S cluster synthesis or abundance in the Fe/S network.
A Novel Type of Thioredoxin Dedicated to Symbiosis in Legumes1[W][OA]

Thioredoxins (Trxs) constitute a family of small proteins in plants. This family has been extensively characterized in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), which contains six different Trx types: f, m, x, and y in chloroplasts, o in mitochondria, and h mainly in cytosol. A detailed study of this family in the model legume Medicago truncatula, realized here, has established the existence of two isoforms that do not belong to any of the types previously described. As no possible orthologs were further found in either rice (Oryza sativa) or poplar (Populus spp.), these novel isoforms may be specific for legumes. Nevertheless, on the basis of protein sequence and gene structure, they are both related to Trxs m and probably have evolved from Trxs m after the divergence of the higher plant families. They have redox potential values similar to those of the classical Trxs, and one of them can act as a substrate for the M. truncatula NADP-Trx reductase A. However, they differ from classical Trxs in that they possess an atypical putative catalytic site and lack disulfide reductase activity with insulin. Another important feature is the presence in both proteins of an N-terminal extension containing a putative signal peptide that targets them to the endoplasmic reticulum, as demonstrated by their transient expression in fusion with the green fluorescent protein in M. truncatula or Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. According to their pattern of expression, these novel isoforms function specifically in symbiotic interactions in legumes. They were therefore given the name of Trxs s, s for symbiosis.
The 3B20D Processor & DMERT operating system: 3B20D Processor memory systems

The memory system supplied with the 3B20D Processor provides a high-reliability, high-performance, main-frame memory for use by the 3B20D Central Control and Input/Output system. The memory system is designed using a collection of high-speed, static and dynamic memory devices and appropriate logic controllers. In addition to providing basic on-line storage for program text and data, the memory system provides hardware assistance for virtual-to-physical address translation, access protection, memory resource arbitration, and performance enhancement utilizing a high-speed cache memory. The technology used in implementing these functions includes state-of-the-art 64K dynamic random access memory devices and high-speed TTL-compatible gate-array integrated circuits.
Rhythm map: Extraction of unit rhythmic patterns and analysis of rhythmic structure from music acoustic signals

This paper discusses an approach to extract constituent percussive bar-long patterns in a music piece given as acoustic signal and to analyze the music structure with a map of constituent rhythmic patterns. Possible applications include music genre classification, music information retrieval (MIR) and music modification such as replacing rhythmic patterns with others. We propose a mathematical method based on One-pass DP algorithm and k-means clustering to extract unit percussive rhythmic patterns. As the result of identifying and localization the unit patterns in the entire piece, we obtained a music structure in the form of a map of rhythmic patterns.
P2P-TV Systems under Adverse Network Conditions: A Measurement Study

In this paper we define a simple experimental set- up to analyze the behavior of commercial P2P-TV applications under adverse network conditions. Our goal is to reveal the ability of different P2P-TV applications to adapt to dynamically changing conditions, such as delay, loss and available capacity, e.g., checking whether such systems implement some form of congestion control. We apply our methodology to four popular commercial P2P-TV applications: PPLive, SOPCast, TVants and TVUPlayer. Our results show that all the considered applications are in general capable to cope with packet losses and to react to congestion arising in the network core. Indeed, all applications keep trying to download data by avoiding bad paths and carefully selecting good peers. However, when the bottleneck affects all peers, e.g., it is at the access link, their behavior results rather aggressive, and potentially harmful for both other applications and the network.
Scatter Balance: An Angle-Based Supervised Dimensionality Reduction

Subspace selection is widely applied in data classification, clustering, and visualization. The samples projected into subspace can be processed efficiently. In this paper, we research the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and maximum margin criterion (MMC) algorithms intensively and analyze the effects of scatters to subspace selection. Meanwhile, we point out the boundaries of scatters in LDA and MMC algorithms to illustrate the differences and similarities of subspace selection in different circumstances. Besides, the effects of outlier classes on subspace selection are also analyzed. According to the above analysis, we propose a new subspace selection method called angle linear discriminant embedding (ALDE) on the basis of angle measurement. ALDE utilizes the cosine of the angle to get new within-class and between-class scatter matrices and avoids the small sample size problem simultaneously. To deal with high-dimensional data, we extend ALDE to a two-stage ALDE (TS-ALDE). The synthetic data experiments indicate that ALDE can balance the within-class and between-class scatters and be robust to outlier classes. The experimental results based on UCI machine-learning repository and image databases show that TS-ALDE has a lower time complexity than ALDE while processing high-dimensional data.
Cancer Prevention and Treatment with Resveratrol: From Rodent Studies to Clinical Trials

Resveratrol (3,4′,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a dietary polyphenol derived from grapes, berries, peanuts, and other plant sources. During the last decade, resveratrol has been shown to possess a fascinating spectrum of pharmacologic properties. Multiple biochemical and molecular actions seem to contribute to resveratrol effects against precancerous or cancer cells. Resveratrol affects all three discrete stages of carcinogenesis (initiation, promotion, and progression) by modulating signal transduction pathways that control cell division and growth, apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The anticancer property of resveratrol has been supported by its ability to inhibit proliferation of a wide variety of human tumor cells in vitro. These in vitro data have led to numerous preclinical animal studies to evaluate the potential of this drug for cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy. This review provides concise, comprehensive data from preclinical in vivo studies in various rodent models of human cancers, highlighting the related mechanisms of action. Bioavailability, pharmacokinetic, and potential toxicity studies of resveratrol in humans and ongoing interventional clinical trials are also presented. The conclusion describes directions for future resveratrol research to establish its activity and utility as a human cancer preventive and therapeutic drug.
Three groups of interneurons account for nearly 100% of neocortical GABAergic neurons

An understanding of the diversity of cortical GABAergic interneurons is critical to understand the function of the cerebral cortex. Recent data suggest that neurons expressing three markers, the Ca2+‐binding protein parvalbumin (PV), the neuropeptide somatostatin (SST), and the ionotropic serotonin receptor 5HT3a (5HT3aR) account for nearly 100% of neocortical interneurons. Interneurons expressing each of these markers have a different embryological origin. Each group includes several types of interneurons that differ in morphological and electrophysiological properties and likely have different functions in the cortical circuit. The PV group accounts for ∼40% of GABAergic neurons and includes fast spiking basket cells and chandelier cells. The SST group, which represents ∼30% of GABAergic neurons, includes the Martinotti cells and a set of neurons that specifically target layerIV. The 5HT3aR group, which also accounts for ∼30% of the total interneuronal population, is heterogeneous and includes all of the neurons that express the neuropeptide VIP, as well as an equally numerous subgroup of neurons that do not express VIP and includes neurogliaform cells. The universal modulation of these neurons by serotonin and acetylcholine via ionotropic receptors suggests that they might be involved in shaping cortical circuits during specific brain states andbehavioral contexts. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 45–61, 2011
CORS - A Cost Optimized Resource Reservation Scheme for Grid

— The basic objective of grid computing is to support resource sharing among individuals and institutions within a networked infrastructure. Managing various resources in highly dynamic grid environments is a complex and challenging problem. Some approaches apply algorithms for resource management to grid but fails to provide any generalized solutions. Most of the approaches are based on a simple architecture considering computer as the main resource. But the real architecture of grid computing is a complex one especially if we consider various resources of a computer (e.g., processor, memory etc.) during resource management. In grids, sometimes assurance is needed for successful completion of jobs on shared resources. Such guarantees can only be provided by reserving resources in advance. So resource reservation is an integral part of resource management system for grid. Moreover the cost for providing resource as services will play a signiﬁcant role in near future when resource sharing will be popular and inevitable. In this paper we provide a future reservation supported and cost optimized novel resource management system (CORS) for grid environment considering its real complex architecture. We further conduct a detailed performance evaluation with comparison on real workload traces for grid.
Peripheral Circadian Clock Rhythmicity Is Retained in the Absence of Adrenergic Signaling

Objective—The incidence of heart attack and stroke undergo diurnal variation. Molecular clocks have been described in the heart and the vasculature; however it is largely unknown how the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) entrains these peripheral oscillators. Methods and Results—Norepinephrine and epinephrine, added to aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in vitro, altered Per1, E4bp4, and dbp expression and altered the observed oscillations in clock gene expression. However, oscillations of Per1, E4bp4, dbp, and Per2 were preserved ex vivo in the aorta, heart, and liver harvested from dopamine &bgr;-hydroxylase knockout mice (Dbh−/−) that cannot synthesize either norepinephrine or epinephrine. Furthermore, clock gene oscillations in heart, liver, and white adipose tissue phase shifted identically in Dbh−/− mice and in Dbh+/− controls in response to daytime restriction of feeding. Oscillation of clock genes was similarly preserved ex vivo in tissues from Dbh+/− and Dbh−/− chronically treated with both propranolol and terazosin, thus excluding compensation by dopamine in Dbh−/− mice. Conclusions—Although adrenergic signaling can influence circadian timing in vitro, peripheral circadian rhythmicity is retained despite its ablation in vivo.
Watertight Floor Plans Generated from Laser Range Data

We describe an approach to automatically generate a floor plan for the interior environment of a building using laser scan data. This floor plan is meant to accurately indicate the positions of walls within an area of interest in the building. The proposed algorithm separates the floors of a building scan, selects a representative sampling of wall scans for each floor, and triangulates these samples to develop a watertight representation of the walls for each of the scanned areas. Curves and straight line segments are fit to these walls, in order to mitigate any registration errors from the original scans. This method is not dependent on the scanning system and can successfully process noisy scans with non-zero registration error. Most of the processing is performed after a dramatic dimensionality reduction, yielding a scalable approach. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a three-story point cloud from a commercial building as well as on the lobby and hallways of a hotel.
A simple tracing algorithm for binary fingerprinting code under averaging attack

When a binary fingerprinting codeword is embedded into digital contents using a spread-spectrum (SS) watermarking scheme, the marking assumption is not valid anymore because it is difficult for colluders to perform the symbol-wise attack for their codewords. As discussed in the SS-type fingerprinting schemes, veraging their copies is the cost-effective attack from the signal processing point of view. In this paper, we propose an optimal detector under the averaging attack and addition of white Gaussian noise. If the detector knows the number of colluders in advance, it first estimates the variance of additive noise, and then calculates the correlation scores using a log-likelihood-based approach. However, the number of colluders is not given in a real situation. We discover in this study that the characteristic of parameters for generating codewords enables us to eliminate the number of colluders as well as the estimation of the variance of noise at the calculation of correlation score, and propose a simplified detector by analyzing the scoring function in the optimal detector. We evaluate the performance of the simplified detector through simulation using not only codewords, but also a digital image.
A smart cushion for real-time heart rate monitoring

This paper presents a smart cushion for real time heart rate monitoring. The cushion comprises of an integrated micro-bending fiber sensor, which records the BCG (Ballistocardiogram) signal without direct skin-electrode contact, and an optical transceiver that does signal amplification, digitization, and pre-filtering. To remove the artifacts and extract heart rate from BCG signal, a computationally efficient heart rate detection algorithm is developed. The system doesn't require any pre-training and is highly responsive with the outputs updated every 3 sec and initial response within first 10 sec. Tests conducted on human subjects show the detected heart rate closely matches the one from a commercial SpO2 device.
p73: Structure and function

Alteration of the p53 tumor suppressor gene is a common, if not general, observation in human malignant tumors. p73 Is a novel member of the p53 family at chromosome 1p36.3, at which locus frequent defects are seen in many tumors including neuroblastoma. Besides structural similarities, the fact that p73 functions in the regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis promotes the expansion of the research field concerning p53‐associated tumor progression. In this paper, we review the structure and function of p73 as well as the mutational status in various human tumors. In addition, possibilities for new therapeutic applications with p73 for cancer cell control are discussed.
PRIMARY ANTIBODY RESPONSE IN VITRO IN PERITONEAL CELLS

Peritoneal cells (PC), from nonimmunized mice, incubated in a carboxymethyl cellulose gum containing sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and guinea pig complement (following the technique of Ingraham and Bussard) start to produce plaques of hemolysis 20 hr after the beginning of incubation at 37°C. In contrast, spleen cells from immunized mice complete their plaque-forming activity in 6 hr. The fact that formation of plaques by previously uncommitted cells is related to the life of the leukocytes, and is complement dependent brings evidence that we are dealing with an immunological phenomenon. Puromycin suppresses the formation of plaque. Previous incubation of the PC with SRBC in liquid medium, before incorporation in the detection system, reduces the lag in the production of plaques. This indicates that a phase of stimulation precedes the phase of expression (manifested by plaque formation). The immunological activity of the peritoneal cell suspension is highly dependent on the concentration of the suspension, which indicates that this activity results from a cooperative process. Actinomycin D, which does not suppress the production of plaques by cells from immunized animals, stops completely the in vitro induction. It is concluded that we have probably observed a primary immune response induced in vitro.
Role of Androgens in Mediating Renal Injury in Aging SHR

Abstract—Men have an increased risk of cardiovascular and renal diseases and develop greater renal injury despite similar levels of blood pressure when compared with women. The mechanisms responsible for this predisposition are unknown. Using the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), we have found that androgens play an important role in the development of hypertension in young male SHR. However, the role that androgens play in age-related renal injury and dysfunction in SHR is unknown. Our hypothesis was that despite reductions in serum testosterone with age, androgens mediate renal injury and dysfunction in male SHR. Male SHR were castrated at 8 months of age, studied at 18 months of age, and compared with age-matched, intact males and young intact males (4 months). Serum testosterone was reduced by 30% in aging males compared with young SHR. With castration, blood pressure (mean arterial pressure [MAP]) was decreased by >20 mm Hg compared with old males, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was increased by >35%, and renal vascular resistance (RVR) was reduced by >40%. MAP, GFR, and RVR in castrated, old males were similar to values in young males. With castration, glomerular sclerosis was reversed and proteinuria was also decreased by >80% when compared with old intact males. In addition, in castrated old males, plasma renin activity was decreased by 30% compared with old males and by 60% compared with young rats. The data support the hypothesis that despite a reduction in testosterone with age, androgens play an important role in age-related renal injury and dysfunction in SHR.
Anticonvulsant activity of aqueous fraction of Carissa edulis root bark

Abstract Context: Carissa edulis Vahl (Apocynaceae) is used in Nigerian folk medicine to manage a plethora of diseases including epilepsy, cancer, and inflammation; its efficacy is widely acclaimed among communities of northern Nigeria. Objective: This study establishes anticonvulsant activities of aqueous fraction of ethanol root bark extract of Carissa edulis (RAF) and sub-fractions (S1 and S2) in animal models. Materials and methods: We evaluated the acute toxicity of the RAF, S1 and S2, and the anticonvulsant activity using pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), picrotoxin, strychnine, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), isoniazid (INH), and aminophylline-induced seizures in mice. Their effects on maximal electroshock (MES) and kindling-induced seizures were studied in chicks and in rats, respectively, and in the electrophysiological study. The doses used for RAF were 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg while S1 and S2 were 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. Both RAF and sub-fractions were administered once during the experiment. Results: The intraperitoneal LD50 of the RAF was estimated to be 2222.61 mg/kg and that of the S1 and S2 were above 5000 mg/kg. RAF protected the mice by 50% while sub-fractions by 16.67% against PTZ-induced seizures. RAF offered 33.33 and 16.67% protection against strychnine and NMDA models, respectively. However, RAF offered 66.67–33.33% protections against aminophylline-induced seizures at doses of 150 and 600 mg/kg, but RAF, S1, and S2 had no effect on MES-induced seizures. Discussion and conclusion: Our results validate the use of the plant traditionally in the management of epilepsy, thus supporting the appraisal of biologically active components of this plant as antiepileptic agents.
The holodeck ray cache: an interactive rendering system for global illumination in nondiffuse environments

We present a new method for rendering complex environments using interactive, progressive, view-independent, parallel ray tracing. A four-dimensional holodeck data structure serves as a rendering target and caching mechanism for interactive walk-throughs of nondiffuse environments with full global illumination. Ray sample density varies locally according to need, and on-demand ray computation is supported in a parallel implementation. The holodeck file is stored on disk and cached in memory by a server using a least-recently-used (LRU) beam-replacement strategy. The holodeck server coordinates separate ray evaluation and display processes, optimizing disk and memory usage. Different display systems are supported by specialized drivers, which handle display rendering, user interaction, and input. The display driver creates an image from ray samples sent by the server and permits the manipulation of local objects, which are rendered dynamically using approximate lighting computed from holodeck samples. The overall method overcomes many of the conventionl limits of interactive rendering in scenes with complex surface geometry and reflectance properties, through an effective combination of ray tracing, caching, and hardware rendering.
Energy efficient virtual machines placement in IP over WDM networks

Virtual machines (VMs) offer an economic and scalable solution to efficiently utilize the physical resources. In this paper, we investigate the optimization of VM placement in IP over WDM core networks considering a VM workload that varies with the number of users served by the VM. Our results show that the optimal VM placement in distributed clouds yields up to 23% total power saving compared to a single cloud.