Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of osteoblast-derived extracellular vesicles on aggressiveness, redox status and mitochondrial bioenergetics of MNNG/HOS osteosarcoma cells

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy. The crosstalk between osteosarcoma and the surrounding tumour microenvironment (TME) drives key events that lead to metastasization, one of the main obstacles for definitive cure of most malignancies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), lipid bilayer nanoparticles used by cells for intercellular communication, are emerging as critical biological mediators that permit the interplay between neoplasms and the tumour microenvironment, modulating re-wiring of energy metabolism and redox homeostatic processes. We previously showed that EVs derived from the human osteosarcoma cells influence bone cells, including osteoblasts. We here investigated whether the opposite could also be true, studying how osteoblast-derived EVs (OB-EVs) could alter tumour phenotype, mitochondrial energy metabolism, redox status and oxidative damage in MNNG/HOS osteosarcoma cells.These were treated with EVs obtained from mouse primary osteoblasts, and the following endpoints were investigated: i) cell viability and proliferation; ii) apoptosis; iii) migration and invasive capacity; iv) stemness features; v) mitochondrial function and energy metabolism; vi) redox status, antioxidant capacity and oxidative molecular damage. OB-EVs decreased MNNG/HOS metabolic activity and viability, which however was not accompanied by impaired proliferation nor by increased apoptosis, with respect to control. In addition, OB-EV-treated cells exhibited a significant reduction of motility and in vitro invasion as compared to untreated cells. Although the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine reverted the cytotoxic effect of OB-EVs, no evidence of oxidative stress was observed in treated cells. However, the redox balance of glutathione was significantly shifted towards a pro-oxidant state, even though the major antioxidant enzymatic protection did not respond to the pro-oxidant challenge. We did not find strong evidence of mitochondrial involvement or major energy metabolic switches induced by OB-EVs, but a trend of reduction in seahorse assay basal respiration was observed, suggesting that OB-EVs could represent a mild metabolic challenge for osteosarcoma cells. In summary, our findings suggest that OB-EVs could serve as important means through which TME and osteosarcoma core cross-communicate. For the first time, we proved that OB-EVs reduced osteosarcoma cells’ aggressiveness and viability through redox-dependent signalling pathways, even though mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism did not appear as processes critically needed to respond to OB-EVs.
Stent-assisted coiling vs. coiling alone of ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms: A contemporary cohort study in a high-volume center

Objective This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coiling (SAC) with those of coiling alone (CA) for the treatment of ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms. Methods We enrolled 245 patients with ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms treated with coil embolization. Patients were grouped into SAC and CA groups. Baseline characteristics, periprocedural complications, clinical outcomes, and angiographic results were compared between the two groups. In addition, a subgroup analysis was conducted in the SAC group, and patients were regrouped into low-profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS) and laser-cut groups to compare the perioperative procedure-related complications and clinical and angiographic follow-up outcomes. Results All baseline characteristics were equivalent between the two groups except for aneurysm size and dome-to-neck aspect ratio. The rates of overall procedure-related complications, intraprocedural rupture, postoperative early rebleeding, intraprocedural thrombosis, postprocedural thrombosis, and procedure-related mortality were comparable between the two groups (P = 0.105, 0.145, 0.308, 1.000, 1.000, 0.160, respectively). Nevertheless, the rate of hemorrhagic complication in the SAC group was significantly higher (P = 0.023). The angiographic follow-up outcomes showed that the SAC group had a higher complete occlusion rate and lower recurrence rate (88.2 vs. 67.1%, 5.4 vs. 15.2%, P = 0.001). The clinical outcomes at discharge and follow-up between the two groups demonstrated no significant differences (P = 0.192 and P = 0.085, respectively). For subgroup analysis, LVIS stents were associated with a significantly higher rate of complete occlusion (P = 0.014) and a lower rate of intraprocedural rupture (p = 0.021). Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that there were no predictors for the overall, hemorrhagic, and ischemic procedure-related complications, while Raymond class was an independent predictor of retreatment (OR = 3.508, 95% CI 1.168–11.603; P = 0.029). Conclusion Stent-assisted coiling may increase the incidence of hemorrhagic events with favorable angiographic results and comparable clinical outcomes compared with stand-alone coiling. Nevertheless, LVIS stent could improve the safety compared with lazer-cut stent. Simultaneously, considering the better long-term effect, LVIS stent-assisted coiling may be a preferable choice for ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms.
Does central executive training and/or inhibitory control training improve emotion regulation for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? A randomized controlled trial

Introduction Approximately 48–54% of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impairing difficulties with emotion regulation, and these difficulties are not ameliorated by first-line ADHD treatments. Working memory and inhibitory control represent promising intervention targets given their functional, if not causal, links with ADHD-related emotion dysregulation. Methods This preregistered randomized controlled trial tested whether two digital therapeutic training protocols that have been previously shown to improve working memory (Central Executive Training [CET]) and inhibitory control (Inhibitory Control Training [ICT]) can improve emotion regulation in a sample of 94 children with ADHD aged 8–13 years (M = 10.22, SD = 1.43; 76% White/non-Hispanic; 29 girls). Results Results of Bayesian mixed model ANOVAs indicated both treatment groups demonstrated significant decreases in emotion dysregulation relative to pre-treatment at immediate post-treatment (parent report; d = 1.25, BF10 = 8.04 × 1013, p < 0.001), at 1–2 months after completing treatment (teacher report; d = 0.99, BF10 = 1.22 × 106, p < 0.001), and at 2–4-months follow-up (parent report; d = 1.22, BF10 = 1.15 × 1014, p < 0.001). Contrary to our hypotheses, the CET and ICT groups demonstrated equivalent reductions in emotion dysregulation and maintenance of effects. Exploratory analyses revealed that results were robust to control for informant expectancies, ADHD medication status/changes, in-person vs. at-home treatment, child age, and time from treatment completion to post-treatment ratings. Discussion To determine whether working memory and inhibitory control are causally linked with ADHD-related emotion dysregulation, future studies should include active control conditions that do not train executive functions prior to making decisions about the clinical utility of CET/ICT for the treatment of emotion dysregulation in ADHD. Clinical trial registration [https://clinicaltrials.gov/], identifier [NCT03324464].
Walkability assessment of metro catchment area: A machine learning method based on the fusion of subject-objective perspectives

China's metro system is developing rapidly. Walking is the most frequently adopted mode to connect to the metro, the attributes of the pedestrian-built environment around the stations directly influence people's willingness to use the metro. However, few studies have paid attention to the comprehensive assessments of the built environment in the metro catchment area. Thus, this paper attempts to construct a walkability evaluation model that combines subjective and objective perspectives. We collected field data of the built environment factors affecting on walkability in the 800 m buffer zone of eight case metro stations in Dalian city, China. We also collected on-site interviews from 867 passengers to evaluate the walkability. A machine learning-based approach was developed to calculate the weights of walkability variables, followed by constructing a Score-Effectiveness framework to identify the built environment factors in the metro catchment area that need to be improved. The study found that the shading facilities, obstacle barriers, and resting seats around pedestrian walkways are the most efficient and imbalanced variables recognized by the crowd. The convenience of overpasses and underpasses are additional efficient imbalance-type variables for leisure and commuting populations, respectively. This indicates that the current level of construction of the above five built environment factors is relatively low, but the construction has a significant impact on the degree of friendliness in supporting pedestrian walkability. In this paper, improvement measures are proposed in a targeted manner in order to achieve the effect of effectively improving the current level of metro catchment area's walkability. The results of the study can provide references to provide strategies for precise pedestrian planning in the metro catchment area, leading to a pedestrian environment with high walking quality.
Impact of food safety supervision efficiency on preventing and controlling mass public crisis

Food safety has received unprecedented attention since the COVID-19 outbreak. Exploring food safety regulatory mechanisms in the context of cluster public crises is critical for COVID-19 prevention and control. As a result, using data from a food safety regulation survey in the Bei-jing-Tianjin-Hebei urban cluster, this paper investigates the impact of food safety regulation on the prevention and control of COVID-19. The study found that food safety regulation and cluster public crisis prevention and control have a significant positive relationship, with the ability to integrate regulatory resources acting as a mediator between the two. Second, industry groups argue that the relationship between regulatory efficiency and regulatory resource integration should be moderated in a positive manner. Finally, industry association support positively moderates the mediating role of regulatory re-source integration capacity between food safety regulatory efficiency and cluster public crises, and there is a mediating effect of being moderated. Our findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the roles of regulatory efficiency, resource integration capacity, and industry association support in food safety, and they serve as a useful benchmark for further improving food safety regulations during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Diffusion-weighted imaging-based radiomics in epithelial ovarian tumors: Assessment of histologic subtype

Background Epithelial ovarian tumors (EOTs) are a group of heterogeneous neoplasms. It is importance to preoperatively differentiate the histologic subtypes of EOTs. Our study aims to investigate the potential of radiomics signatures based on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for categorizing EOTs. Methods This retrospectively enrolled 146 EOTs patients [34 with borderline EOT(BEOT), 30 with type I and 82 with type II epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)]. A total of 390 radiomics features were extracted from DWI and ADC maps. Subsequently, the LASSO algorithm was used to reduce the feature dimensions. A radiomics signature was established using multivariable logistic regression method with 3-fold cross-validation and repeated 50 times. Patients with bilateral lesions were included in the validation cohort and a heuristic selection method was established to select the tumor with maximum probability for final consideration. A nomogram incorporating the radiomics signature and clinical characteristics was also developed. Receiver operator characteristic, decision curve analysis (DCA), and net reclassification index (NRI) were applied to compare the diagnostic performance and clinical net benefit of predictive model. Results For distinguishing BEOT from EOC, the radiomics signature and nomogram showed more favorable discrimination than the clinical model (0.915 vs. 0.852 and 0.954 vs. 0.852, respectively) in the training cohort. In classifying early-stage type I and type II EOC, the radiomics signature exhibited superior diagnostic performance over the clinical model (AUC 0.905 vs. 0.735). The diagnostic efficacy of the nomogram was the same as that of the radiomics model with NRI value of -0.1591 (P = 0.7268). DCA also showed that the radiomics model and combined model had higher net benefits than the clinical model. Conclusion Radiomics analysis based on DWI, and ADC maps serve as an effective quantitative approach to categorize EOTs.
Decrementally cost-effective health technologies in non-inferiority studies: A systematic review

Background: HTA guidance has generally been driven by situations where innovative and usually more expensive technologies are compared to the prevailing standards of care. Cheaper and less efficacious interventions have received scarce attention, although strategies with minimal individual efficacy losses might produce collective health gains when savings are redistributed. Purpose: This systematic review of health economic evaluations identified interventions that are both cost and outcome reducing to procure a list of candidate decrementally cost-effective technologies. Data Sources: English language searches were performed in PubMed, EMBASE and ClinicalTrials.gov covering 2005 to September 2021. Study Selection: Full economic evaluations reporting in English decrementally cost-effective health technologies based on RCT data, modelling or mixed methods. Data Synthesis: After filtering 4,975 studies found through the systematic database search, 107 decrementally cost-effective health technologies (HTs) were identified. Nearly a third were services (n = 29) and similarly for drugs (n = 31). For over half of the studies (n = 54) health outcomes were measured in QALYs and the cost-utility ratios varied from €140 to €5 million saved per QALY lost, albeit with time horizons varying from 4 days of follow-up to lifetime extrapolations. Less than a quarter of the studies were carried out from the societal perspective. Limitations: Despite including ClinicalTrials.gov as data source, unpublished studies may have been missed. Conclusions: Our results show a growth in recent years in the number of economic publications demonstrating decrementally cost-effective HTs. Economic tools are needed to facilitate the adoption of such HTs by policy-makers at the national level to maximise health outcomes at the population level. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=95504, identifier CRD42018095504.
Developing a Mobile App for Young Adults with Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Prototype Feedback Study

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) affects approximately 13% of young adults. Though evidence-based treatments for NSSI exist, most young adults do not receive treatment. Digital interventions can provide access to evidence-based treatments for NSSI at scale. Further, preliminary research suggests the acceptability, feasibility, and potential efficacy of digital interventions for NSSI. To date, however, there are few publicly available digital interventions developed specifically for young adults who engage in NSSI. The aim of this study was to solicit young adults’ impressions of early app prototypes to identify ways of improving interactive features and content needs. Building on a prior interview study which explored young adults’ self-management of NSSI and their use of technology in self-management, this study involved three waves of iterative app prototype feedback sessions with 10 young adults with past month NSSI. In general, participants responded favorably and provided feedback to augment the app to better meet their needs, including adding new features and functionality as well as increasing opportunities for personalization. We discuss two key design challenges related to the roles of tracking and temporality in digital interventions for NSSI, and then frame design considerations related to these challenges within the lived informatics model.
Label-Free Electrical Biosensor Arrays: A New Challenge for TFT Technology

Biotechnology is in great need of low-cost intelligent biochips capable of massive parallel detection to be used in portable instrumentation. One way this may be achieved is to exploit mature semiconductor technologies for the development of biosensor arrays. We review here two highly promising techniques for label-free electrical detection of biomolecular interactions: potentiometric and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Thin film transistor technology can play an important role in the development of these techniques in biosensor microarrays.
Shareholder Structure of Major Technology Companies: A Graph Analytics Study during COVID-19 and Beyond

During financial crises or other unexpected events, investors often seek to include lower-risk assets in their portfolios. Some assets are more sensitive than others to such phenomena. In the equities markets, adjustments tend to be made to the shareholdings of companies that are associated with a higher level of uncertainty. In this work, we explore the evolution of shareholder structure of various well-known companies in the technology sector during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. We model, as graphs, shareholder ownership data about twenty US-listed companies between 2020 and 2022. We use freely available tools to explore the bipartite interactions and generate a wide range of topologies that facilitate the identification of how shareholding structures have evolved during the pandemic. In addition, we study the role that some nodes play in the network topology and the process of change that is observed. Our findings include that (1) most investors reduced the amount invested in technology stocks during the pandemic and that these investments tended to bounce back in the post-pandemic era;(2) Vanguard Group, Inc., is the most influential investor in the network;(3) Apple has the highest market capitalization of all technology stocks for all quarters in this study, Microsoft Corp has a significantly lower market capitalization, but a significantly higher number of investors;and (4) While investors for Apple and Microsoft tend to be from London and New York, companies such as Oracle have investors from a variety of locations. © 2022 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
ArtifactID: identifying artifacts in low �eld MRI using deep learning

Most MR images contain artifacts such as wrap-around and Gibbs ringing, which negatively a�ect the diagnostic quality and, in some cases, may be confused with pathology. This work presents ArtifactID, a deep learning based tool to help MR technicians to identify and classify artifacts in datasets acquired with low-eld systems. We trained binary classi�cation models to accuracies greater than 88% to identify wrap-around and Gibbs ringing artifacts in T brain images. ArtifactID can help novice MR technicians in low resource settings to identify and mitigate these artifacts.
Prediction of torsional buckling behaviour of single-walled SiC nanotubes based on molecular mechanics

Purpose – Based on the molecular mechanics approach, the purpose of this paper is to analytically investigate the torsional buckling behavior of single-walled silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNTs) with different values of diameter and chiral angles. Design/methodology/approach – To this end, the mechanical properties and atomic structure of a silicon carbide (SiC) sheet are evaluated based on the density functional theory (DFT) within the framework of the generalized gradient approximation. After that force constants of the total potential energy are theoretically obtained through establishing a linkage between the viewpoints of the quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics. Explicit expressions are presented to obtain the critical buckling shear strain corresponding to different types of chirality. The present model is capable to calculate the torsional buckling behavior of SiCNTs related to various chiral angles. The critical buckling shear strain is obtained for various types of chirality and compared wit.
Photospheric and Coronal Currents in Solar Active Regions

Using photospheric line-of-sight magnetograms from the National Solar Observatory (NSO) Kitt Peak and coronal X-ray images from the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope (SXT), we have determined the value of the constant α of the linear force-free field model (𝛁 × = α) that gives the best visual fit to the overall coronal X-ray structure (αc) of 34 flare-productive active regions of relatively simple bipolar morphology. Vector magnetograms for 24 of these active regions are available from the Haleakala Stokes Polarimeter at Mees Solar Observatory. For each of them, we determine the single best-fit value of α in the photosphere (αp) by three quite different methods and show that these methods give statistically consistent values. By combining this data set with that of the NSO and SXT, we are able to compare for the first time quantitatively and statistically the observed values of α in the photosphere and corona of these regions. We find that the distribution of αp and αc values is fully consistent with the hypothesis that the overall twist density of the magnetic fields of active regions, as measured by the linear force-free field parameter α, is the same in the photosphere and the corona. We therefore conclude that the electric currents that create the nonpotential structure of such solar coronal active regions are of subphotospheric origin and pass without significant modification through the photosphere.
Lexical Analysis of The Quran using Frequent Itemset Mining

This paper presents an analysis of the frequency of presence of words in different chapters of the Quran. It also presents an analysis of the repetition of verses in the Quran. For this purpose we have introduced a novel algorithm. Our research is based on a fundamental concept of frequent pattern mining: that, with regard to some collection of documents, the lexical frequency profiles of individual documents are a good indicator of their conceptual content. The results obtained here show that the proposed approach produces results that are useful in getting onto the fundamental concepts of the Quran and can be of much help to the people of theology and to those who are interested in objective study of religious scriptures.
A 1-D reactive Burger-Diehl settler model for SST denitrification considering clarifier geometry

: A reactive settler model is pursued in order to better study the possible denitrification in secondary settling tanks (SSTs) and use it to reduce the pumping energy consumption for the internal nitrate recycle. The developed model is based on the industry standard 1-D Burger-Diehl (BD) settler model with explicit consideration of the clarifier geometry. The variation of surface area with depth needs to be implemented into the settler model for good prediction of the biomass concentration profile, total sludge mass and the reaction rates. If not, unrealistic changes in model parameters are required to fit the data, ultimately leading to errors in further scenario analysis and system operation.