Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cladistic analysis of the Middle Jurassic ammonite radiation

Cladistic analysis of the Middle Jurassic ammonite radiation shows how the Aalenian-age ancestral stock, known variously as the Hammatocerataceae or Hammatoceratinae, gave rise to numerous new groups in Bajocian times. Cladistic analysis shows this ancestral stock is not a single lineage but two: the ‘Erycites group’, which gave rise to the Stephanocerataceae, and the ‘Hammatoceras group’, from which all other Bajocian groups derived.
2.5D Route Planning for Unmanned Aircraft in a Windy Urban Environments using Sustainability and Safety Metrics

The paper discusses a 2.5-dimensional trajectory or route planning tool for the operation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in urban environments that considers not only the distance travelled, but also the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) performance (e.g., accuracy, integrity, continuity, and availability), separation to static and dynamic (i.e. traffic), energy expanded, time cost, impact of wind, impact of UAS noise, and various other criteria. GNSS availability will drive the necessity to include alternative navigation sensors to meet the required navigation performance necessary for urban operations. Furthermore, UAS operating in urban environments need to manage the prevailing urban wind effects like gusts and local vortices that constitute a high potential risk for failure and safety. This paper will discuss the tool’s general structure and then provide some resulting using a subset of the above criteria to find the optimal trajectory, namely time cost (distance and speed), wind, energy expanded and the expected GNSS navigation performance along the trajectory. The energy used will consider the wind within the urban environment.
Pertumbuhan dan Biomassa Albizia saponaria yang Diinokulasi Fungi Arbuskula Mikoriza Lokal Sulawesi Tenggara

The study of effect of local AMF species from Southeast Sulawesi on A. saponaria was not yet conducted. The aim of this research was to know the effectiveness of local AMF species. A completely randomized design with three replications -1 was used in this research. The treatments tried were no inoculation of AMF (A), inoculated with AMF inoculum 10 g. polybag (B), and 20 g. -1 polybag (C). The seedling parameters observed were height, diameter, number of leaves, shoot biomass, root biomass, total biomass, number of nodule and percentage of root colonization. Result of the research showed that the application of AMF inoculum 10 g. -1 polybag (B) 20 g. -1 and polybag (C) tended to give the best effect on increasing all of the parameters observed compared of control treatment.
Obtaining, Analysis and Visualization of Mobility and Traffic data in Quito – Ecuador

The increase of traffic in large cities cause serious problems, such as traffic accidents, delays at workplaces, stress and other problems, it makes it necessary to use new technologies to identify these zones and make a better decision on vehicular circulation. This work proposes to collect data using a Drone, analyze this data and predict traffic in a sector from patterns, using traffic and weather photographs. Using Python code, through an ETL the data is extracted from a non-relational database, then loaded into MongoDB, the downloaded images will be passed to an object detection tool that will be used to locate vehicles in each image, a type of traffic (heavy, medium, low, empty) is assigned based on the number of vehicles found in the image, with this data, predictive models can be tested. The model will finally perform traffic forecasts using data visualization tools to better reflect the days and times of traffic flow in the sector. The initial results show great effectiveness in identifying areas with high vehicular flow, which will allow an adequate management when circulating in these areas.
Framing Analysis of Reporting on Electric Transportation Subsidies in Indonesia during 2023 by Tirto ID

The purpose of this study is to determine the Framing Analysis of Reporting on Electric Transportation Subsidies in Indonesia during 2023 by Tirto ID. EV becoming more discussed in today’s digital age, and some online in-depth news outlet is picking this discourse as part of participating in voicing the accurate news, which includes Tirto ID. With framing analysis, we can see how good, phrased news is still lacking in geographic source value despite the good narration in contributing to their media opinion. The topic itself is still warm material to be discussed for their upcoming policy. Electric transportation policies vary significantly between different countries as governments strive to reduce carbon emissions, promote energy efficiency, and transition to more sustainable modes of transportation. These policies encompass a range of measures, including incentives for electric vehicle (EV) adoption, infrastructure development, emissions regulations, and research funding.
Scientific and technological considerations in water resources policy

Most important domestic problems faced in the United States today are affected by policies for the management of our water resources. Energy, the environment, food production, regional economic development, even our international balance of trade, are all affected directly or indirectly by water resources management. Often there is too much or too little management, or it occurs in the wrong place, at the wrong time, or in the wrong way to serve the many demands. The combination of all these inadequacies constitutes what is generally referred to as ‘the water problem. ’ The nature of the problem and our perception of it have been changing over time. In part, this is because our understanding of the physical, chemical, biological, economic, and social aspects of water resources has grown rapidly. Long-term climatic variations, for example, have become much more important to us, since we perceive that our water uses are encroaching more demandingly upon available supply. And the relations of organisms to their environment have become more important as we have come to note the magnitude of our pollution discharges and the interdependencies between man and his environment. In part, the change results as well from the fact that values, as well as relevant organizational and institutional structures, have been in flux. Increased concern for environmental protection, for example, has resulted in changing attitudes toward and demands on our water resources.
Filtering and Ranking of Code Regions for Parallelization via Hotspot Detection and OpenMP Overhead Analysis

Many high-performance computing applications reach millions of code lines and hundreds of code regions. Analyzing all code regions for parallelization with OpenMP is neither efficient nor necessary. To facilitate this task and minimize the effort by the user, the code regions of the application need to be filtered and ranked. We provide a simple filtering method to detect the critical code regions by clearly defining a hotspot. Afterward, we identify parallelizable loops by analyzing their data dependencies using an automatic tool. As the number of parallel opportunities can be high and the users must verify these parallel suggestions, we suggest a ranking strategy based on parallelization overhead to help them prioritize their endeavors and present a set of OpenMP microbenchmarks for overhead analysis. We calculate optimistic expected benefits using overhead estimations as ranking metrics and show how our ranking provides an improvement on the ranking based on serial runtime.
Moraine preservation and boulder erosion in the tropical Andes: interpreting old surface exposure ages in glaciated valleys

Cosmogenic dating provides a long‐awaited means of directly dating glacial deposits that pre‐date the last glacial cycle. Although the potential benefits of longer chronologies are obvious, the greater uncertainty associated with older cosmogenic ages may be less readily apparent. We illustrate the challenges of developing and interpreting a long chronology using our data from the Peruvian Andes. We used surface exposure dating with cosmogenic radionuclides (CRNs; 10Be and 26Al) to date 140 boulders on moraines in valleys bordering the Junin Plain (11° S, 76° W) in central Peru. Our chronology spans multiple glacial cycles and includes exposure ages greater than 1 million years, which indicate that long‐term rates of boulder erosion have been very low. Interpreting the chronology of moraines for glaciations that predate the last glacial cycle is complicated by the need to consider boulder erosion and exhumation, surface uplift, and inheritance of CRNs from previous exposure intervals. As an example, we recalculate exposure ages using our boulder erosion rates (0.3–0.5 metres per million years) and estimated surface uplift rates to emphasise both the challenges involved in interpreting old surface exposure ages and the value of chronological data, even with large uncertainties, when reconstructing the palaeoclimate of a region. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Floristic Composition, Diversity and Structure of the Kimboza Forest in Morogoro Region, Tanzania

Kimboza forest reserve in Morogoro region, is an important biodiversity hotspot among the Eastern Arc forests of Tanzania. High population pressure and encroachment threatens its conservation values. This is based on a study which aimed at investigating the composition, diversity, and structure of the tree community in the forest. All trees with DBH ≥ 10cm were inventoried from 0.72ha in a total of 18 plots of 20m × 20m placed randomly from the forest edge to the interior. Most important families and species were determined using familial importance value (FIV) and species importance value (IVI) indices, respectively. Diversity was analyzed using species richness, Shannon-Wiener, Fisher-α, and Simpson’s indices. A total of 52 species belonging to 22 families were identified. The family Fabaceae had the highest FIV (66.70) and species richness (15 species) while Khaya anthotheca had the highest IVI value (48.11). The Shannon-Wiener (3.40), Simpson (20.60), and the Fisher-α (18.80) indices were very high signifying high floristic diversity within the forest. 69% of the species were rare, occurring in less than 20% of the surveyed plots. The mean density and basal area of trees were 390 stems ha-1 and 24 m2 ha-1, respectively. The species accumulation curve revealed an escalating trend suggesting that more sample plots could result to a number of species in the forest. In summary, the study suggests for proper management, protection, and wise utilization of the forest resources so that it sustains its original biodiversity and ecological processes for future generations.
PREDICTING STUDENT PERFORMANCE: AN APPLICATION OF DATA MINING METHODS WITH THE EDUCATIONAL WEB-BASED SYSTEM LON-CAPA

Newly developed web-based educational technologies offer researchers unique opportunities to study how students learn and what approaches to learning lead to success. Web-based systems routinely collect vast quantities of data on user patterns, and data mining methods can be applied to these databases. This paper presents an approach to classifying students in order to predict their final grade based on features extracted from logged data in an education web-based system. We design, implement, and evaluate a series of pattern classifiers and compare their performance on an online course dataset. A combination of multiple classifiers leads to a significant improvement in classification performance. Furthermore, by learning an appropriate weighting of the features used via a genetic algorithm (GA), we further improve prediction accuracy. The GA is demonstrated to successfully improve the accuracy of combined classifier performance, about 10 to 12% when comparing to non-GA classifier. This method may be of considerable usefulness in identifying students at risk early, especially in very large classes, and allow the instructor to provide appropriate advising in a timely manner.
The excavation of three archaeological sites on Moreton Island: First Ridge and the Little Sandhills

The three sites reported herein were excavated in 1980 as part of more detailed examination of sites found during an archaeological survey of Moreton Island in 1979 (Robins 1983, also this volume). Two of them are at First Ridge on the northeastern side and the other is located in the Little Sandhills in the southwestern coast. Â They were excavated for three reasons. Â First, as they were originally identified as small piles of shell, a site type not previously recorded in coastal southeast Queensland, I wished to demonstrate that small scale excavation should, in certain circumstances, be incorporated into site surveys undertaken to identify and describe the basic characteristics of the archaeological record. Â Third, I wanted to illustrate the fact that sites which are often rated low in archaeological significance due to their small size, lack of stratigraphy, disturbed condition, etc., may often be of considerable value.
Observing forest biomass globally

Terrestrial biomass is considered as an essential indicator for the monitoring of the Earth's ecosystem and climate. In recent years, many regional biomass datasets have been produced. These were obtained using a wide range of methods - from pure remote sensing RS to the collection of field measurements. The Biomass Geo-Wiki is a new tool from the family of Geo-Wiki.org, which has been launched to bring together different biomass datasets so that they can be viewed and compared with high resolution imagery on Google Earth. The ultimate goal is to perform gap analysis, cross-product validation, harmonization and hybrid product development leading to improved global biomass datasets in the future.
Sound Indicators: A Review for the Puget Sound Partnership

The Washington State Academy of Sciences (WSAS) is an organization of Washington State's leading scientists and engineers dedicated to serving the state with scientific counsel. Formed as a working academy, not an honorary society, WSAS is modeled on the National Research Council. Its mission is twofold: To provide expert scientific and engineering analysis to inform public policy making in Washington State, and To increase the role and visibility of science in the state. Washington and duly appointed by the governor. In April 2007, WSAS was constituted by the Secretary of State as a private, independent 501(c)(3). State University) provided useful suggestions that the Committee incorporated into the final report.
The past 800 ka viewed through Antarctic ice cores

The later parts of the Quaternary are of particular importance for assessing out ability to understand the future operation of the Earth because the main boundary conditions are similar to those of today, and because we have a density of data that allows hypotheses to be tested rigorously. An. important source of such data is Antarctic ice cores, now extending back 800 ka, and containing signals both of climate, and of climate forcing factors. The Antarctic ice core deuterium record, representing Antarctic temperature, is one of the iconic Quaternary records. It shows, in common with other palaeoclimate records such as the marine benthic isotope stack, a dominant 100 ka periodicity of short warm interglacials and long, cold, glacial periods. There appear to be two different styles of interglacial. Within the glacials a millennial scale variability is dominant, manifested as the rapid Dansgaard-Oeschger events it? the north, and as subdued out-of-phase counterparts in the south. The trace gases, carbon dioxide and methane, also show a remarkably similar pattern to that of the climate records. They certainly played a role in amplifying small changes in insolation into large climate swings, and their signals are diagnostic of the operation of different processes in the ocean and the terrestrial biosphere.
Exploring the Lived Experiences of Vulnerable Females from a Low-Resource Setting during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The onset of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the mental health and well-being of women in vulnerable settings. Currently, there is limited evidence that explores the wellness of elderly women under the associated restrictions. This study explores the lived experiences of elderly women in a vulnerable community in Durban, South Africa. A face-to-face, in-depth qualitative approach was implemented to interview 12 women aged 50 years and over. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings suggest that social interactions, the effect of a high death rate, and financial strain predominantly affect stress and anxiety levels. Despite the women being in receipt of pensions and/or other grants, their supplementary income was reduced. This, together with the additional expenses incurred during the lockdown, resulted in anxiety over finances. The lack of social interaction, with limits on visiting family and other loved ones when they were ill, along with the limit on the number of people attending the funerals of loved ones were also stressful. This study also reports on the resulting coping mechanisms, which included using hobbies such as baking and sewing as a means of self-care. Religious beliefs also relieved stress while home remedies were used as preventative measures during the lockdown restrictions due to COVID-19.
Salt transport in the near‐surface layer in the monsoon‐influenced Indian Ocean using HYCOM

Salt advection in the top 5 m layer of the monsoon‐influenced Indian Ocean has been studied with high resolution HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) simulated sea surface salinity (SSS) during 2003‐06. The effect of monsoon reversals and roles of Ekman drift and geostrophic currents are emphasized. The Ekman drift component is found to be more important than the geostrophic component in exchange of salt in the basins; an indication of the influence of winds and the associated surface currents. The strongest differences in the salt advection terms occurred in the Bay of Bengal (BoB), an indication of the significant role of advection for the distribution of freshwater and the Ekman processes. The Inter‐Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is seen to influence advection patterns via Ekman drift along the equatorial region. This results in the creation of two salt advection bands whose positions vary seasonally. This study will help to interpret data from the recently launched Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) and future Aquarius salinity missions for the Indian Ocean.
Molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from subclinical mastitis of water buffaloes in Guangdong Province, China

Intramammary infections (IMI) in animals reared for milk production can result in large economic losses and distress to the animals. Staphylococcus aureus is an important causative agent of IMI in dairy cows, but its prevalence in water buffaloes has not been determined. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in water buffaloes and the antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes and biofilm formation abilities of Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from water buffaloes in Guangdong, China. Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated from milk samples of water buffaloes with subclinical mastitis, and twofold microdilution, PCR and crystal violet staining methods were used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility, distributions of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes and biofilm formation ability, respectively. Our results indicated that 29.44% of water buffaloes were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis, and the most prevalent pathogens were Escherichia coli (96.17%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (67.60%) and S. aureus (28.57%). Most S. aureus isolates showed resistance to bacitracin, doxycycline, penicillin, florfenicol, and tetracycline but were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, ceftizoxime, cefoquinoxime, and ofloxacin. Moreover, 63.72% of S. aureus isolates were positive for tetM, and the prevalence of msrB, blaZ, mecA, fexA, and tetK ranged from 21.24 to 6.19%. All S. aureus isolates harbored clfB and icaA genes, and the virulence genes hla (93.8%), hld (91.15%), clfA (90.27%), fnbA (86.73%), and hlb (83.19%), and tsst, icaD, sec, see, fnbB, and sea showed a varied prevalence ranging from 3.5 to 65.49%. All S. aureus isolates possessed the ability to form biofilms, and 30.09% of isolates showed strong biofilm formation abilities, while 19.47% of isolates were weak biofilm producers. Our results indicated that subclinical mastitis is prevalent in water buffaloes in Guangdong, China, and S. aureus is prevalent in samples from water buffaloes with subclinical mastitis. Most S. aureus isolates were susceptible to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones; thus, ceftizoxime and cefoquinoxime can be used to treat subclinical mastitis in water buffaloes.
Comparative Analysis of Future Landslide Susceptible Areas Based on Climate Change Scenario Applications

Background and objective: Landslides have inflicted significant damage to human lives and property for many years, leading to substantial socio-economic costs and environmental degradation. With the advent of climate change, the increase and intensification of rainfall exacerbate the risk of landslides. Considering this scenario, understanding the priorities in landslide response becomes crucial. This study aims to compare methods of predicting future landslide-prone areas, explore accurate forecasting techniques, and determine the landslide response priorities at the municipal level in the study Methods: (1) Collection and development of the landslide inventory map and landslide conditioning factors. (2) Constructing the landslide susceptibility model (LSM) using the landslide inventory map and conditioning factors. (3) Projecting rainfall data from periods B and C onto the LSM of past period A. (4) Comparing and analyzing landslide-prone areas for each scenario and year. (5) Identifying areas vulnerable to landslides based on the scenario with the most frequent occurrence of landslide-prone areas during the rainy seasons in periods B and C.Results: From the LSM, the landslide susceptible area (LSA) for period A was identified as 31,902 ㎢. All Supply-side platform(SSP) scenarios displayed an increasing trend in landslide-prone areas, with the SSP5-8.5 scenario displaying the most significant increase. Taking this into consideration, landslide response priorities were established, with Goseong County in South Gyeongsang ranking first with an LSA ratio of 88.4%. This suggests that this area should be prioritized for future landslide risk mitigation.Conclusion: The study provides a foundational model for future landslide response strategies which consider environmental changes. limitations of the study were challenges in considering landslide conditioning factors other than rainfall when analyzing future landslide susceptibility. Future studies will aim to provide more reliable information through higher resolution analysis and damage scale predictions and to discern response priorities.