Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diurnal Pattern of Translocation and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Source Leaves of Beta vulgaris L.

Transitions in carbohydrate metabolism and translocation rate were studied for evidence of control of export by the sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. Klein E.) source leaf. Steady-state labeling was carried out for two consecutive 14-hour light periods and various quantities related to translocation were measured throughout two 24-hour periods. Starch accumulation following illumination was delayed. Near the end of the light period, starch stopped accumulating, whereas photosynthesis rate and sucrose level remained unchanged. At the beginning of the dark period there was a 75-minute delay before starch was mobilized. The rate of import to the developing sink leaves at night was similar to that during the day, whereas export decreased considerably at night.Starch accumulation and degradation seemed to be initiated in response to the level of illumination. Cessation of starch accumulation before the end of the light period was initiated endogenously. Exogenous control appeared to be mediated by the level of sucrose in the source leaf while endogenous control seemed to be keyed to photoperiod or photosynthetic duration.
The temporal evolution of acute respiratory distress syndrome following shock

Background and objective The objective of this review is to provide an comprehensive overview of the evolution of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in cellular, animal and human models with specific reference to sepsis and haemorrhage. Within this work we have attempted to describe the temporal evolution of the disease process. ARDS is a complication of pulmonary and systemic disease and it can follow sepsis or haemorrhage. The definition of this condition states an acute onset and this review seeks to clarify the time course of that onset following sepsis and haemorrhage. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms include activation of the immune response, neutrophil activation and sequestration of these into the alveolus with subsequent tissue damage and hypoxia. Results The biological evolution of these processes from sepsis or haemorrhage has been well described and the earliest measurable changes in the process occur within 15 min with the clinical manifestations of the syndrome occurring within 12 h. The rapid development of this condition should be considered during the treatment of haemorrhagic or septic shock.
Multiscale analysis and nonlinear dynamics : from genes to the brain

Introduction - Multiscale Analysis: Modeling, Data, Networks, and Dynamics I. MULTIRESOLUTION ANALYSIS Mathieu Desbrun, Roger D. Donaldson, Houman Owhadi: Discrete Geometric Structures in Homogenization and Inverse Homogenization Isaac Z. Pesenson: Multiresolution Analysis on Compact Riemannian Manifolds II. NONLINEAR DYNAMICS of TRANSCRIPTION NETWORKS and SYNTHETIC BIOCHEMICAL CIRCUITS Elisa Franco, Jongmin Kim, Friedrich Simmel: Dynamics of synthetic transcription networks Raphael Plasson, Yannick Rondelez: Synthetic biochemical dynamic circuits III. NONLINEAR DYNAMICS: THE BRAIN AND THE HEART Paul L. Nunez, Ramesh Srinivasan, Lester Ingber: Theoretical and experimental electrophysiology in human neocortex: multiscale dynamic correlates of conscious experience Danielle S. Bassett, Felix Siebenhuhner: Multiscale network organization in the human brain Michel Le Van Quyen, Vicente Botella-Soler, Mario Valderrama: Neuronal oscillations scale up and scale down the brain dynamics Michael X. Cohen, Bradley Voytek: Linking nonlinear neural dynamics to single-trial human behavior Etienne Hugues, Juan R. Vidal, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Gustavo Deco: Brain dynamics at rest: how structure shapes dynamics Misha Z. Pesenson: Adaptive multiscale encoding - a computational function of neuronal synchronization Zhilin Qu, Michael Nivala: Multi-scale nonlinear dynamics in cardiac electrophysiology: from sparks to sudden death Connor Houghton, Thomas Kreuz: Measures of spike train synchrony: from single neurons to populations
Distortion-free delta-sigma beamforming

We have analyzed a compact, digital delay- and-sum beamformer using 1-bit delta-sigma A/D converters, where dynamic delays are applied directly to the delta-sigma modulated bitstream. It has previously been shown that the introduction of this time-variant operation into the time-invariant delta-sigma demodulator distorts the output signal, and several methods for minimizing this effect have been suggested. We have described the effect using standard system terminology. Based on this description, a new method for removing the distortion without any significant increase in system complexity is introduced. Its advantages, performance-wise, are supported by theoretical assessments and simulations.
Inactivation of the endoplasmic reticulum protein translocation factor, Sec61p, or its homolog, Ssh1p, does not affect peroxisome biogenesis

Peroxisomes are single membrane-bound organelles present in virtually all eukaryotes. These organelles participate in several important metabolic processes, and defects in peroxisome function and biogenesis are a significant contributor to human disease. Several models propose that peroxisomes arise from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a process that involves the translocation of “group I” peroxisomal membrane proteins into the ER, the exit of these group I peroxisomal membrane proteins from the ER by vesicle budding, and the formation of nascent peroxisomes from vesicles containing the group I peroxisomal membrane proteins. A central prediction of these models is that the formation of nascent peroxisomes requires protein translocation into the ER. Sec61p is an essential component of the ER translocon, and we show here that loss of Sec61p activity has no effect on peroxisome biogenesis. In addition, loss of the SEC61-related gene, SSH1, also has no effect on peroxisome biogenesis. Although some proteins may enter the ER independently of Sec61p or Ssh1p, none are known, leading us to propose that peroxisome biogenesis may not require protein import into the ER, and by extension, transfer of proteins from the ER to the peroxisome.
Knowledge, institutions, and evolution in economics

Foreword Preface Acknowledgements 1. The Problem of Knowledge 2. Selection and Evolution 3. Cognition and Institutions 4. Capabilities 5. Transactions and Governance 6. Economics Organisation 7. Understanding Markets 8. The division of Labour and the Growth of Knowledge Bibliography Index
A High Density Consensus Genetic Map of Tetraploid Cotton That Integrates Multiple Component Maps through Molecular Marker Redundancy Check

A consensus genetic map of tetraploid cotton was constructed using six high-density maps and after the integration of a sequence-based marker redundancy check. Public cotton SSR libraries (17,343 markers) were curated for sequence redundancy using 90% as a similarity cutoff. As a result, 20% of the markers (3,410) could be considered as redundant with some other markers. The marker redundancy information had been a crucial part of the map integration process, in which the six most informative interspecific Gossypium hirsutum×G. barbadense genetic maps were used for assembling a high density consensus (HDC) map for tetraploid cotton. With redundant markers being removed, the HDC map could be constructed thanks to the sufficient number of collinear non-redundant markers in common between the component maps. The HDC map consists of 8,254 loci, originating from 6,669 markers, and spans 4,070 cM, with an average of 2 loci per cM. The HDC map presents a high rate of locus duplications, as 1,292 markers among the 6,669 were mapped in more than one locus. Two thirds of the duplications are bridging homoeologous AT and DT chromosomes constitutive of allopolyploid cotton genome, with an average of 64 duplications per AT/DT chromosome pair. Sequences of 4,744 mapped markers were used for a mutual blast alignment (BBMH) with the 13 major scaffolds of the recently released Gossypium raimondii genome indicating high level of homology between the diploid D genome and the tetraploid cotton genetic map, with only a few minor possible structural rearrangements. Overall, the HDC map will serve as a valuable resource for trait QTL comparative mapping, map-based cloning of important genes, and better understanding of the genome structure and evolution of tetraploid cotton.
DNA Damage-Dependent Nuclear Dynamics of the Mre11 Complex

ABSTRACT The Mre11 complex has been implicated in diverse aspects of the cellular response to DNA damage. We used in situ fractionation of human fibroblasts to carry out cytologic analysis of Mre11 complex proteins in the double-strand break (DSB) response. In situ fractionation removes most nucleoplasmic protein, permitting immunofluorescent localization of proteins that become more avidly bound to nuclear structures after induction of DNA damage. We found that a fraction of the Mre11 complex was bound to promyelocyte leukemia protein bodies in undamaged cells. Within 10 min after gamma irradiation, nuclear retention of the Mre11 complex in small granular foci was observed and persisted until 2 h postirradiation. In light of the previous demonstration that the Mre11 complex associated with ionizing radiation (IR)-induced DSBs, we infer that the protein retained under these conditions was associated with DNA damage. We also observed increased retention of Rad51 following IR treatment, although IR induced Rad51 foci were distinct from Mre11 foci. The ATM kinase, which phosphorylates Nbs1 during activation of the S-phase checkpoint, was not required for the Mre11 complex to associate with DNA damage. These data suggest that the functions of the Mre11 complex in the DSB response are implicitly dependent upon its ability to detect DNA damage.
Empty justice : one hundred years of law, literature and philosophy : existential feminist and normative perspectives in literary jurisprudence

Utilising literature as a serious source of challenges to questions in philosophy and law, this book provides a fresh perspective not only upon the inculcation of the legal subject, but also upon the relationship between modernism, postmodernism and how such concepts might evolve in the construction of community ethics. The creation and role of the legal subject is just one aspect of jurisprudential enquiry now attracting much attention. How do moral values act upon the subject? How do moral 'systems' impinge upon the subject - jurist and judged - throughout the 20th century, when religious values are called into question, when 'existential' doubt prevails? To what extent do issues of gender and identity inform these questions? Many sources can provide insights into these issues: this book intends to concentrate upon fiction as just such a resource. However it is not just another law and literature compilation. Spanning the last century, each chapter will attempt to fulfil four objectives: to identify key texts in relation to a given period; to look for linked legal and philosophical developments from that period; to establish fresh links from these sources regarding concrete doctrinal, or practical legal questions, and finally draw a more general inference about the legal subject and the frequently less evident feminine citizen-subject. Central to this approach will be the consideration of contemporary case law and legal materials as social documents of the relationship between law and the wider community.
The assessment of job satisfaction of hospitality educators.

THE ASSESSMENT OF JOB SATISFACTION OF HOSPITALITY EDUCATORS SEPTEMBER, 1990 CLAYTON W. BARROWS, B.S., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHSETTS M.S., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS Ed.D. , UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS Directed by: Professor Ronald Hambleton Job satisfaction has been studied extensively for many years now. Many different occupational groups have been studied yet satisfaction of university faculty has just recently gained the attention of researchers. Much of the research has been limited in scope and generalizability because it has centered on single institutions at one point in time. A recent review of the literature of satisfaction among university faculty suggests that overall satisfaction is decreasing and that faculty are least satisfied with compensation, working conditions, and university administration. The purpose of the current study was: (1) to develop and validate an instrument suitable for measuring the satisfaction of university faculty and (2) to assess the satisfaction levels of faculty employed at four-year hospitality management programs in the United States and Canada. An instrument, which was based on several existing instruments, was developed and mailed to all four-year
Synchrovis: 3D visualization of monitoring traces in the city metaphor for analyzing concurrency

The increasing code complexity in modern software systems exceeds the capabilities of most software engineers to understand the system's behavior by just looking at its program code. The addition of concurrency issues through the advent of multi-core processors in the consumer market further escalates this complexity. A solution to these problems is visualizing a model of the system to ease program comprehension. Especially for the comprehension of concurrency issues, static information is often not sufficient. For this purpose, profiling and monitoring can provide additional information on the actual behavior of a system. An established visualization approach is the 3D city metaphor. It utilizes the familiarity with navigating a city to improve program comprehension. In this paper, we present our trace-based SynchroVis 3D visualization approach for concurrency. It employs the city metaphor to visualize both static and dynamic properties of software systems with a focus on illustrating the concurrent behavior. To evaluate our approach, we provide an open source implementation of our concepts and present an exemplary dining philosophers scenario showing its feasibility.
The Time Course and Characterization of Myocardial Hemorrhage After Coronary Reperfusion in the Anesthetized Dog

We quantitated hemorrhage associated with reperfusion after varying periods of myocardial ischemia and examined the flow characteristics that accompany reperfusion hemorrhage. Anesthetized dogs were reperfused after 2, 6 or 24 hours of circumflex occlusion. A control group underwent coronary occlusion without reperfusion. Radioactive microspheres were injected before and 5 minutes and 24 hours after reperfusion. The papillary muscles were analyzed for hemoglobin content, flow during myocardial ischemia and flow early and 24 hours after reperfusion. Myocardial creatine kinase activity was assayed to determine the severity of myocardial necrosis in the papillary muscles. Hemorrhage into the posterior papillary muscle was dependent upon the duration of coronary artery occlusion. Posterior papillary hemoglobin averaged 14 mglg in the 2-hour group, 28 mg/g in the 6-hour group and 36 mg/g in the group reperfused 24 hours after occlusion, compared with 8.7 mg/g in the control group.Myocardial hemorrhage was associated with severe depression in myocardial CK and marked depression in flow to the ischemic area (i.e., collateral flow) during the occlusion. Early reflow averaged 112 ml/min/100 g in the 2-hour group, 61 ml/min/100 g in the 6-hour group and only 5.8 ml/min/lO0 g in the 24- hour group. Therefore, myocardial hemorrhage induced by reperfusion of the acutel ischemic myocardium is associated with severe ischemia during occlusion and severe myocardial necrosis, but does not depend upon the magnitude of early reflow. Myocardial hemorrhage may occur even though initial reflow values are markedly decreased.
MiR-214 Targets β-Catenin Pathway to Suppress Invasion, Stem-Like Traits and Recurrence of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The down-regulation of miR-214 has previously been observed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we demonstrated the down-regulation of miR-214 is associated with cell invasion, stem-like traits and early recurrence of HCC. Firstly, we validated the suppression of miR-214 in human HCC by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) in 20 paired tumor and non-tumor liver tissues of HCC patients and 10 histologically normal liver tissues from colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases. Further qRT-PCR analysis of 50 HCC tissues from an independent cohort of HCC patients of whom 29 with early recurrent disease (<2 years) and 21 with late recurrent disease demonstrated that the suppression of miR-214 was significantly more suppressed in samples from HCC patients with early recurrent disease compared those from patients with no recurrence. Re-expression of miR-214 significantly suppressed the growth of HCC cells in vitro and reduced their tumorigenicity in vivo. The enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) and β-catenin (CTNNB1) was identified as two potential direct downstream targets of miR-214 through bioinformatics analysis and experimentally validated the miRNA-target interactions with a dual-firefly luciferase reporter assay. In corroborate with this, both EZH2 and CTNNB1 are found to be significantly overexpressed in human HCC biopsies. Since EZH2 can regulate CTNNB1, CTNNB1 can also be an indirect target of miR-214 through EZH2. Silencing EZH2 or CTNNB1 expression suppressed the growth and invasion of HCC cells and induced E-cadherin (CDH1), known to inhibit cell invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, the silencing of miR-214 or overexpression of EZH2 increased EpCAM+ stem-like cells through the activation of CTNNB1. Interestingly, the up-regulation of EZH2, CTNNB1 and the down-regulation of CDH1 in HCC patients correlated with early recurrent disease and can be an independent predictor of poor survival. Therefore, miR-214 can directly or indirectly target CTNNB1 to modulate the β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC.
The pathology of an epizootic of acquired immunodeficiency in rhesus macaques.

A syndrome of acquired immunodeficiency within a group of outdoor-housed rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) with unusually high mortality has been identified at the California Primate Research Center. The cause of death for most of the affected animals included septicemia and/or chronic diarrhea with wasting, often complicated by other problems. In many cases, multiple or unusual infectious agents were isolated or recognized, including cytomegalovirus, Cryptosporidium spp. , and Candida albicans. Septicemias due to usually innocuous agents such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Alcaligenes faecalis were seen. Two animals developed cutaneous fibrosarcomas. Affected animals had generalized lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, with depletion of T-cell populations, initially follicular hyperplasia followed by depletion, and absence of plasma cells. This spontaneous disease syndrome in nonhuman primates has similarities to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans, providing an animal model for the study of the complex factors modulating the immune system.
Robust Transmission for Massive MIMO Downlink With Imperfect CSI

In this paper, the design of robust linear precoders for the massive multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) downlink with imperfect channel state information (CSI) is investigated. The imperfect CSI for each UE obtained at the BS is modeled as statistical CSI under a jointly correlated channel model with both channel mean and channel variance information, which includes the effects of channel estimation error, channel aging, and spatial correlation. The design objective is to maximize the expected weighted sum-rate. By combining the minorize–maximize (MM) algorithm with the deterministic equivalent method, an algorithm for robust linear precoder design is derived. The proposed algorithm achieves a stationary point of the expected weighted sum-rate maximization problem. To reduce the computational complexity, two low-complexity algorithms are then derived. One for the general case, and the other for the case when all the channel means are zeros. For the later case, it is proved that the beam domain transmission is optimal, and thus the precoder design reduces to the power allocation optimization in the beam domain. Simulation results show that the proposed robust linear precoder designs apply to various mobile scenarios and achieve high spectral efficiency.
Classical Structures in Topological Quantum Computing

Classical structures are a mathematical tool for describing quantum algorithms and protocols at a more abstract level than that of individual qubits. This approach is similar to using high-level programming languages with classical computers. We seek to use these tools to understand topological quantum computing, a implementation strategy for quantum computing that stores quantum information in topologically protected states and manipulates quantum information using robust topological operations. In this thesis, we identify all classical structures within the toric code, one of the simplest and best-understood models of topological quantum computation. After constructing complementary pairs of classical structures in the toric code (that is, pairs that obey a useful algebraic property), we discuss applications of these structures to implementing quantum algorithms and protocols in the toric code. Thesis Supervisors: Dr. Jamie Vicary and Professor Bob Coecke
Wnt signaling determines ventral spinal cord cell fates in a time-dependent manner

The identity of distinct cell types in the ventral neural tube is generally believed to be specified by sonic hedgehog (Shh) in a concentration-dependent manner. However, recent studies have questioned whether Shh is the sole signaling molecule determining ventral neuronal cell fates. Here we provide evidence that canonical Wnt signaling is involved in the generation of different cell types in the ventral spinal cord. We show that Wnt signaling is active in the mouse ventral spinal cord at the time when ventral cell types are specified. Furthermore, using an approach that stabilizes β-catenin protein in small patches of ventral spinal cord cells at different stages, we show that Wnt signaling activates different subsets of target genes depending on the time when Wnt signaling is amplified. Moreover, disruption of Wnt signaling results in the expansion of ventrally located progenitors. Finally, we show genetically that Wnt signaling interacts with Hh signaling at least in part through regulating the transcription of Gli3. Our results reveal a novel mechanism by which ventral patterning is achieved through a coordination of Wnt and Shh signaling.
Quantum cellular automata: the physics of computing with arrays of quantum dot molecules

We discuss the fundamental limits of computing using a new paradigm for quantum computation, cellular automata composed of arrays of coulombically coupled quantum dot molecules, which we term quantum cellular automata (QCA). Any logical or arithmetic operation can be performed in this scheme. QCA's provide a valuable concrete example of quantum computation in which a number of fundamental issues come to light. We examine the physics of the computing process in this paradigm. We show to what extent thermodynamic considerations impose limits on the ultimate size of individual QCA arrays. Adiabatic operation of the QCA is examined and the implications for dissipationless computing are explored. <<ETX>>