Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypermedia operating systems: a new paradigm for computing

Hypermedia is often viewed as either a paradigm for human-computer interaction or information organization. Human-computer interaction provides a view of hypermedia that involves the creation, manipulation, and access of information through a “point-and-click” navigation mechanism. Information organization provides a view of hypermedia that involves the storage of information as a set of data and metadata objects, where metadata objects capture structural relationships among information objects. This paper describes a third view of hypermedia — hypermedia as a computing paradigm. In this paper, we explore the implications of pushing hypermedia beyond its traditional role in human-computer interaction and information organization into the computer’s core operating environment. We believe the resulting hypermedia operating systems provide a new paradigm for computing — one in which human-computer interaction, information storage and retrieval, programming, and control are integrated in a common conceptual framework. We discuss the basic concepts of hypermedia operating systems and describe a general hypermedia operating system architecture and prototype. While this work represents only a beginning, we feel that viewing hypermedia as a computing paradigm offers a broad new field of research.
Optimized Virtual Channel Assignment in the Cray XT Dennis Abts Deborah Weisser Jim Nowicki Robert Alverson

The Cray XT is an MPP system that scales up to 32K nodes using a bidirectional 3-dimensional torus interconnection network. Four virtual channels are used to provide point-to-point flow control and deadlock avoidance. Using virtual channels avoids unnecessary head-of-line (HoL) blocking for different network traffic flows, however, the extent to which virtual channels improves network utilization depends on the distribution of packets among the virtual channels. This paper investigates the virtual channel balance—relative traffic carried on each virtual channel– and its importance on network utilization. We discuss the routing algorithm and use of virtual channel datelines to avoid deadlocks around the torus links, and heuristics to balance the packet load across the virtual channels. We present network performance results from an 11×12×16 3D torus network.
Compactly supported tight a ne spline frames in L 2 ( IRd )

The theory of RS2] is applied to yield compactly supported tight aane frames (wavelets) in L 2 (IR d) from box splines. The wavelets obtained are smooth piecewise-polynomials on a simple mesh; furthermore, they exhibit a wealth of symmetries, and have a relatively small support. The number of \mother wavelets", however, increases with the increase of the required smoothness. Two bivariate constructions, of potential practical value, are highlighted. In both, the wavelets are derived from four-direction mesh box splines that are reenable with respect to the dilation matrix 1 1 1 ? 1 .
Harmonic Hopping, and Both Punctuated and Gradual Evolution of Acoustic Characters in Selasphorus Hummingbird Tail-Feathers

Models of character evolution often assume a single mode of evolutionary change, such as continuous, or discrete. Here I provide an example in which a character exhibits both types of change. Hummingbirds in the genus Selasphorus produce sound with fluttering tail-feathers during courtship. The ancestral character state within Selasphorus is production of sound with an inner tail-feather, R2, in which the sound usually evolves gradually. Calliope and Allen's Hummingbirds have evolved autapomorphic acoustic mechanisms that involve feather-feather interactions. I develop a source-filter model of these interactions. The ‘source’ comprises feather(s) that are both necessary and sufficient for sound production, and are aerodynamically coupled to neighboring feathers, which act as filters. Filters are unnecessary or insufficient for sound production, but may evolve to become sources. Allen's Hummingbird has evolved to produce sound with two sources, one with feather R3, another frequency-modulated sound with R4, and their interaction frequencies. Allen's R2 retains the ancestral character state, a ∼1 kHz “ghost” fundamental frequency masked by R3, which is revealed when R3 is experimentally removed. In the ancestor to Allen's Hummingbird, the dominant frequency has ‘hopped’ to the second harmonic without passing through intermediate frequencies. This demonstrates that although the fundamental frequency of a communication sound may usually evolve gradually, occasional jumps from one character state to another can occur in a discrete fashion. Accordingly, mapping acoustic characters on a phylogeny may produce misleading results if the physical mechanism of production is not known.
Panel on "Knowledge Compilation and Approximation": Terminology, Questions, References

It is well known that problems in Logic, Automated Deduction and Artiicial Intelligence are very much demanding from the computational point of view. Two of the techniques that have been proposed for addressing such computational diiculties are Knowledge Compilation and Knowledge Approximation. The central idea of the former technique is to split the goal of answering to the question whether a query is logically entailed by a knowledge base in two phases: In the rst one the knowledge base is preprocessed, thus obtaining an appropriate data structure (such a phase is sometimes called oo-line reasoning); in the second phase, the query is actually answered using the output of the rst phase (such a phase is sometimes called on-line reasoning). The goal of preprocessing is to make on-line reasoning computationally easier wrt query answering in the case when no preprocessing at all is done. In Knowledge Approximation the central idea is to give up either soundness or completeness when answering to a logical query. Obviously, also in this case one aims at using less computational resources than in the sound and complete case. The two techniques can be used together: In such a case we have a method for approximate Knowledge Compilation. The purpose of this panel is to discuss issues related to Knowledge Compilation, both exact and approximate .
Effective theories and black hole production in warped compactifications

We investigate aspects of the four-dimensional (4D) effective description of brane world scenarios based on warped compactification on anti-de Sitter space. The low-energy dynamics is described by visible matter gravitationally coupled to a “dark” conformal field theory. We give the linearized description of the 4D stress tensor corresponding to an arbitrary 5D matter distribution. In particular a 5D falling particle corresponds to a 4D expanding shell, giving a 4D interpretation of a trajectory that misses a black hole only by moving in the fifth dimension. Breakdown of the effective description occurs when either five-dimensional physics or strong gravity becomes important. In scenarios with a TeV brane, the latter can happen through the production of black holes near the TeV scale. This could provide an interesting experimental window on quantum black hole dynamics.
Influence of Some Process Parameters on Build Time , Material Consumption , and Surface Roughness of FDM Processed Parts : Inferences Based on the Taguchi Design of Experiments

The rapid prototyping (RP) paradigm has prompted the emergence of rapid manufacturing processes that have gained popularity for the development of parts, tools and dies as well as prototypes. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the RP technology that forms 3-D objects from CAD-generated solid or surface models. RP is used to save time and cut costs at every stage of the product development process. A challenging research issue in RP is how to shorten the build time and improve the surface accuracy, especially where numerous interactive process parameters are present. In this study, a parametric investigation is performed for the evaluation of various process parameters such as slice height, road width, raster angle, number of contours, air gap, STL deviation, and STL angle within a FDM process. The Taguchi design of experiments approach is adopted, and analytic tools such as main effect and the signal to noise (S/N) ratio are implemented for an impact assessment of the process parameters on performance measures that include build time, material consumption and surface roughness. This study is tested and validated with the help of a test model, and the results are provided in the paper. The outcome of this study will help RP users in creating parts with a higher level of accuracy and provides the means for generating smoother surface finishes.
Cause and Effect: Type Systems for Effects and Dependencies

Type systems commonly used in practice today fail to capture essential aspects of program behavior: The effects and dependencies of the programs. In this paper, we examine a prototypical effect type system in the style of Gifford et al., and a canonical example of a dependency type system based upon the work of Zdancewic. Finally, we show how these two type systems can be embedded in a more general framework, a monadic type system as developed by Pfenning and Davies. Comments University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science Technical Report No. MSCIS-05-05. This technical report is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn. edu/cis_reports/129 Cause and Effect: Type Systems for Effects and Dependencies Geoffrey Washburn geoffw@cis.upenn. edu Technical Report MS-CIS-05-05 (Revision  ) Department of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania November th, 
A Change Impact Size Estimation Approach during the Software Development

Modern software development is iterative and encourages frequent interactions between the software development team and the stakeholders of the software. These interactions will generate change requests as the requirements gradually evolve to meet the stakeholders expectations or due sudden shifts in circumstances. However, during the development, software developers have to assess the impact of these change requests with respect to incomplete status of software artefacts. This situation presents one important aspect when considering a change request, which is how to estimate the size of change impact that is required by a requirement change, given inconsistent states of artefacts across the project. Therefore, this paper introduces a new Change Impact Size Estimation (CISE) approach for the software development phase. Further on that, a prototype tool has been developed to support the implementation of the approach and evaluation. The case study method used for evaluating this approach corroborated the functionality and accuracy of this approach for estimating the change impact size.
Impact of Risk-Benefit Perception and Trust on Medical Technology Acceptance in Relation to Drug and Device Lag: A Tripartite Cross-Sectional Survey

Background New drug and medical device introduction in Japan usually lags behind that in the West. Many reports indicate that in Japan, the associated risks are considered greater than the benefits recognized in other countries. This study aimed to compare the relationship between risk-benefit perception and acceptance of medical technologies in 3 leading markets. Methods A tripartite cross-sectional survey of the general public was used. In total, 3345 adults in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan participated, and sexes and age groups were equally represented. Questions about the perception of risk, benefit, and acceptance of medical and other scientific technologies, and trust of medical product providers or regulatory authorities were included. Results Five-step Likert coding for risk/benefit/acceptance of 4 medical items (x-rays, antibiotics, vaccines, and cardiac pacemakers) and 6 general items (such as automobiles and airplanes) were collected. Relationships between benefit perception and acceptance were linear for 4 medical technologies. The relationship had a similar slope but was shifted downward in Japan compared with the UK and US ( P <.01), suggesting a lower acceptance in Japan for all benefit perceptions. The trend was the same between risk perception and acceptance, except for slopes that were negative. Correspondence analysis showed a strong correlation among acceptance of medical technologies, benefits of medical technologies, trust in doctors, and trust in the Department of Health. The UK and US attributes were clustered with positive responses such as “useful,” “acceptable,” and “trustworthy,” whereas Japan was clustered with intermediate to negative responses such as “neither” and “untrustworthy. ” Conclusions Acceptance of medical technologies was low in Japan because of significant differences in trust for doctors and authorities compared with that in the UK and US. This is a possible basis for delays of 24 to 60 months for medical product approval in Japan.
Prosody in Portuguese Children with High Functioning Autism

There is a lack of research investigating prosody in Portuguese children with autism. In this chapter, we analyze 15 Portuguese children aged 5–9 years with high-functioning autism (HFA) in comparison to their typically developing peers. We also evaluated nonverbal intelligence, vocabulary, phonological awareness, pragmatics, attention, and executive functions. Statistical analyses, using pairwise matching of nonverbal intelligence and chronological age, suggested that children with HFA have difficulties perceiving and imitating prosodic patterns, as well as difficulties understanding or effectively producing some of the communicative functions conveyed by prosody. Findings suggested a significant positive correlation between prosody and other language domains. Additionally, two case studies were conducted to further discuss the prosodic impairments.
What Surgeons Should Know About Non–Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants: A Review

Importance Non–vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are increasingly prescribed for patients to treat or prevent arterial or venous thromboembolism. The following 4 NOAC agents are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for clinical use: dabigatran etexilate, apixaban, edoxaban tosylate, and rivaroxaban. A good understanding of these agents’ pharmacologic properties is important for surgeons given their marked differences compared with warfarin sodium. This review highlights key practical issues surrounding the use of NOACs in the perioperative setting. Observations The PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were searched for English-language studies from May 1, 2009, until May 1, 2017, for randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, observational studies, and clinical guidelines. From a systematic review of the published literature that included 70 articles and 166 404 patients, this study identified 5 key practical issues surrounding the use of NOACs in the perioperative setting. These include patient populations for which NOAC use is indicated and contraindicated, the timing of NOAC treatment cessation before invasive interventions, management of NOAC-treated patients requiring urgent interventions, the need for “bridging,” and the timing of NOAC treatment’s reinitiation after invasive interventions. Important findings are as follows: NOAC agents are not recommended for patients with mechanical heart valves or advanced kidney disease (creatinine clearance, <15 mL/min); minimal to no anticoagulant effect remains when therapy with a NOAC is withheld for 48 to 72 hours before surgery in the context of normal kidney function; a reversal agent is clinically available for dabigatran, while reversal agents for apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban are under regulatory review; and laboratory testing of the anticoagulant effects of NOACs are not routinely available. There is a paucity of high-quality data on the optimal timing of NOAC cessation and resumption in the perioperative period, particularly for patients who undergo procedures with high bleeding risk. Conclusions and Relevance The anticoagulant effect of NOAC agents is predictable but not readily measurable in routine clinical practice. A number of uncertainties remain surrounding the use of these agents in the perioperative setting. Ongoing prospective studies and randomized clinical trials will provide greater clarity on these management issues in the near future.
Targeting Renin–Angiotensin System Against Alzheimer’s Disease

Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) is a hormonal system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance through a coordinated action of renal, cardiovascular, and central nervous systems. In addition to its hemodynamic regulatory role, RAS involves in many brain activities, including memory acquisition and consolidation. This review has summarized the involvement of RAS in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the outcomes of treatment with RAS inhibitors. We have discussed the effect of brain RAS in the amyloid plaque (Aβ) deposition, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and vascular pathology which are directly and indirectly associated with AD. Angiotensin II (AngII) via AT1 receptor is reported to increase brain Aβ level via different mechanisms including increasing amyloid precursor protein (APP) mRNA, β-secretase activity, and presenilin expression. Similarly, it was associated with tau phosphorylation, and reactive oxygen species generation. However, these effects are counterbalanced by Ang II mediated AT2 signaling. The protective effect observed with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) could be as the result of inhibition of Ang II signaling. ARBs also offer additional benefit by shifting the effect of Ang II toward AT2 receptor. To conclude, targeting RAS in the brain may benefit patients with AD though it still requires further in depth understanding.
Intestinal Development and Function of Broiler Chickens on Diets Supplemented with Clinoptilolite

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of natural clinoptilolite (NCLI) and modified clinoptilolite (MCLI) on broiler performance, gut morphology, intestinal length and weight, and gut digestive enzyme activity. A total of 240 d-old male chicks were randomly assigned to 3 treatments, each of which comprised 8 pens of 10 chicks per pen. Birds in the control group were fed the basal diet, while those in the experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with NCLI at 2% (NCLI group), or MCLI at 2% (MCLI group), respectively, for 42 d. Compared with the control, supplementation with NCLI or MCLI had no significant (p>0.05) effects on productive parameters from d 1 to 42. Supplementation with NCLI or MCLI had no influence on the relative length and weight of small intestine at d 1 to 21. But supplementation with NCLI or MCLI significantly reduced the relative weight of duodenum. Supplementation with MCLI and NCLI was associated with greater (p<0.05) villus height in the jejunal and ileal mucosa compared with those areas in the controls from d 1 to 42. However, supplementation with NCLI and MCLI had no significant (p>0.05) influence on the crypt depth in the jejunal and ileal mucosa compared with those in the controls. The addition of either NCLI or MCLI to the diet improved the activities of total protease, and amylase in the small intestinal contents. In conclusion, supplementation with NCLI or MCLI in diets improved intestinal morphology, increased the intestinal length and weigh and gut digestive enzyme activity.
Picard-Fuchs equations for relative periods and Abel-Jacobi map for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces

We study the variation of relative cohomology for a pair consisting of a smooth projective hypersurface and an algebraic subvariety in it. We construct an inhomogeneous Picard-Fuchs equation by applying a Picard-Fuchs operator to the holomorphic top form on a Calabi-Yau hypersurface in toric variety, and deriving a general formula for the $d$-exact form on one side of the equation. We also derive a double residue formula, giving a purely algebraic way to compute the inhomogeneous Picard-Fuchs equations for the Abel-Jacobi map, which has played an important role in the recent study of D-branes (by Morrison and Walcher). Using the variation formalism, we prove that the relative periods of toric B-branes on Calabi-Yau hypersurface satisfy the enhanced GKZ-hypergeometric system proposed in physics literature (by Alim, Hecht, Mayr, and Mertens), and discuss the relations between several works in the recent study of open string mirror symmetry. We also give the general solutions to the enhanced hypergeometric system.
Rediscovering Paideia and the Meaning of a Scholarly Career

I very much welcome the opportunity to offer a rejoinder to Arbaugh, Fornaciari, and Hwang (2016) as I would like to frame the challenge they set—in relation to scholarly contributions and their overall impact in advancing the business and management education field—as more than one of legitimation. Although I very much understand and admire their analysis and insights in an area where our impact as scholars is being questioned, our response matters even more. Our “action takeaway” should not be simply how we choose to focus our research based on the characteristics of contributions that are deemed “successful” merely in terms of citation. I feel strongly, as I have argued elsewhere (Aguinis, Shapiro, Antonacopoulou, & Cummings, 2014; Antonacopoulou, 2009, 2010a, 2010b) that this invitation (not challenge, as I choose to see it) to account for our impact is an opportunity to realize impact both individually and collectively. I use the word realize in its
A new algorithm for reachability testing of concurrent programs

One approach to testing concurrent programs, called reachability testing, generates test sequences automatically, and on-the-fly, without constructing any static models. To ensure that every partially-ordered synchronization sequence of a program with a given input is exercised exactly once, existing reachability testing algorithms need to save and search through the history of synchronization sequences that have already been exercised, which is impractical for many applications. In this paper, we present a new reachability testing algorithm which does not save any synchronization sequences but still guarantees that every partially-ordered sequence will be exercised exactly once. We describe a reachability testing tool called RichTest and report some empirical results, including a comparison between RichTest and a partial order reduction based tool called VeriSoft. RichTest performed significantly better for the programs in our study
Sliding-Mode Control of a Charger/Discharger DC/DC Converter for DC-Bus Regulation in Renewable Power Systems

Stand-alone power systems based on renewable energy sources are used to replace generators based on fossil fuels. Those renewable power systems also require Energy Storage Devices (ESD) interfaced by a charger/discharger power converter, which consist of a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and a DC bus. This paper proposes a single sliding-mode controller (SMC) for the charger/discharger DC/DC converter to provide a stable DC bus voltage in any operation condition: charging or discharging the ESD, or even without any power exchange between the ESD and the DC bus. Due to the non-linear nature of the power converter, the SMC parameters are adapted on-line to ensure global stability in any operation condition. Such stability of the adaptive SMC is mathematically demonstrated using analytical expressions for the transversality, reachability and equivalent control conditions. Moreover, a design procedure for the adaptive SMC parameters is provided in order to ensure the dynamic response required for the correct operation of the load. Finally, simulations and experimental tests validate the proposed controller and design procedure.