Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation in Heterogeneous OFDMA-PONs Featuring Intelligent LTE-A Traffic Queuing

A heterogeneous, optical/wireless dynamic bandwidth allocation framework is presented, exhibiting intelligent traffic queuing for practically controlling the quality-of-service (QoS) of mobile traffic, backhauled via orthogonal frequency division multiple access-PON (OFDMA-PON) networks. A converged data link layer is presented between long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) and next-generation passive optical network (NGPON) topologies, extending beyond NGPON2. This is achieved by incorporating in a new protocol design, consistent mapping of LTE-A QCIs and OFDMA-PON queues. Novel inter-ONU algorithms have been developed, based on the distribution of weights to allocate subcarriers to both enhanced node B/optical network units (eNB/ONUs) and residential ONUs, sharing the same infrastructure. A weighted, intra-ONU scheduling mechanism is also introduced to control further the QoS across the network load. The inter and intra-ONU algorithms are both dynamic and adaptive, providing customized solutions to bandwidth allocation for different priority queues at different network traffic loads exhibiting practical fairness in bandwidth distribution. Therefore, middle and low priority packets are not unjustifiably deprived in favor of high priority packets at low network traffic loads. In addition the protocol adaptability allows the high priority queues to automatically over perform when the traffic load has increased and the available bandwidth needs to be rationally redistributed. Computer simulations have confirmed that following the application of adaptive weights the fairness index of the new scheme (representing the achieved throughput for each queue), has improved across the traffic load to above 0.9. Packet delay reduction of more than 40 ms has been recorded as a result for the low priority queues, while high priorities still achieve sufficiently low packet delays in the range of 20 to 30 ms.
A new beacon order adaptation algorithm for IEEE 802.15.4 networks

The new IEEE 802.15. 4 standard enables deployment of low-rate low-power personal area networks. It provides a mechanism for adaptation of the protocols duty cycle during runtime. In this paper we propose BOAA, a new algorithm for beacon order adaptation in IEEE 802.15. 4 star-topology networks. By observing the communication frequency, the coordinator in such a network determines the required duty cycle and adapts the beacon interval accordingly. Investigations reveal that the algorithm enables power saving with a trade-off according to message delay
Study on EM scattering from 1D random rough surface using hybrid FEM/BIE

In this paper, hybrid FEM/BIE is firstly applied into scattering from conducting rough surface. Boundary integral equation (BIE) is used as the termination condition for the unbounded computation space, while the finite element method (FEM) is used to solve the governing equation in the region surrounded by the rough surface and the artificial boundary. Tapered wave incidence is employed to cancel the so called “edge effect”. Hybrid FEM/BIE formulation for generalised one dimensional conducting rough surface scattering is presented, as well as examples that evaluates its validity by comparing with MOM. Bistatic scattering coefficient of Gaussian rough surface are calculated, for TM case. Conclusions are achieved after analysing scattering from rough surface with different rms height and correlation length.
Mapping the assembly pathways that specify formation of the trilaminar kinetochore plates in human cells

We report the interactions amongst 20 proteins that specify their assembly to the centromere–kinetochore complex in human cells. Centromere protein (CENP)-A is at the top of a hierarchy that directs three major pathways, which are specified by CENP-C, -I, and Aurora B. Each pathway consists of branches that intersect to form nodes that may coordinate the assembly process. Complementary EM studies found that the formation of kinetochore trilaminar plates depends on the CENP-I/NUF2 branch, whereas CENP-C and Aurora B affect the size, shape, and structural integrity of the plates. We found that hMis12 is not constitutively localized at kinetochores, and that it is not essential for recruiting CENP-I. Our studies also revealed that kinetochores in HeLa cells contain an excess of CENP-A, of which ∼10% is sufficient to promote the assembly of normal levels of kinetochore proteins. We elaborate on a previous model that suggested kinetochores are assembled from repetitive modules (Zinkowski, R.P., J. Meyne, and B.R. Brinkley. 1991. J. Cell Biol. 113:1091–110).
Multi-Input Multi-Output Fading Channel Equalization with Constellation Selection and Space-Time Precoders

We consider multiplexing systems in correlated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channels with equal power allocated to each transmit antenna. Under several constraints, the number and subset of transmit antennas together with the transmit symbol constellations are determined assuming knowledge of the channel correlation matrices. The maximum outage data rate of the SCR receiver is seen to be close to the outage channel capacity. Identification of the channel matrix is of main concern in wireless multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. To maximize the SNR, the best way to utilize a MIMO system is to communicate on the top singular vectors of the channel matrix. In this paper we addresses t several issues and the problem of channel tracking and equalization for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) time-varying frequency-selective channels. These channels model the effects of inter-symbol interference (ISI), co-channel interference (CCI), and noise. Via singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis, the precoder is used to be shown to outperform the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) precoder in bit-error-rate (BER), transmission rate, and receiver implementation.
Walking parameters estimation through channel state information preliminary results

Stride rate and length are monitored by physicians to identify abnormalities in the patients' gait. These are also important parameters for athletes. Lab based video recordings are used for monitoring while new methods utilize inertial sensors. These sensors require a lot of sensed data processing consequently power is utilized. A new class of methods using wireless sensing has been introduced recently. These methods either require a lot of sensing nodes or are non-ubiquitous while others have used received signal strength as monitoring parameter which is quite unstable. We have proposed a novel ubiquitous node deployment on the human body itself to minimize the environmental noise interference. Walking parameters like stride rate, stride length have been estimated using wireless sensing physical layer channel state information (CSI). The human body acts as an obstacle for the wireless signals due to frequency selective multipath fading. We argue that this fading has a unique signature respective to the activity performed by humans which can be estimated using CSI. This signature should be best observed when both the sender and receiver nodes are deployed on the body due to decreased environmental interference. We have trained the system to identify these signatures and deduce corresponding gait parameters. In this paper we are only able to summarize the new idea with initial findings. We are in the process to understand the signal morphology for finer measurements.
Prime-boost vectored malaria vaccines: Progress and prospects

The difficulty of inducing protective immunity through antibodies against sporozoites led to efforts to assess vectored vaccines as a means of inducing protective T cell immunity against the malaria liver-stage parasite. Although DNA vectored vaccines used alone were poorly immunogenic and not protective, high levels of parasite clearance in the liver has been achieved with viral vectored vaccines used in heterologous prime-boost regimes. Such vectored vaccination regimes represent one of only two approaches that have induced repeatable partial efficacy in human P. falciparum subunit vaccine trials. Interestingly, vectors expressing the TRAP antigen have been consistently been more immunogenic and protective than vectors expressing the circumsporozoite protein in human trials. However, sterile protection requires induction of very potent T cell responses that are currently only achievable with heterologous prime-boost regimes. Recently, simian adenoviruses have been assessed as priming agents in Adenovirus-MVA regimes in both phase I and phase IIa trials in the UK, based on very promising pre-clinical results showing better immunogenicity and efficacy than previous prime-boost regimes. The same vectors are also being assessed clinically expressing blood-stage antigens, attempting to induce both protective antibodies and T cells as recently demonstrated in murine efficacy studies. These viral vectors now provide a major option for inclusion in a high efficacy multi-stage malaria vaccine that should achieve deployable levels of efficacy in endemic settings.
Experimental evaluation of digital predistortion with FBMC and OFDM signals

In this paper we would like to point out one open issue related with filtered bank multi-carrier signals (FBMC). The experiment was trying to give an answer whether the FBMC signals would keep their beneficial properties even whilst real non-linear power amplifiers were employed. As one of the merits that have been used were error vector magnitude (EVM) and adjacent channel power (ACP). Due to higher sensitivity to angle rotations the digital predistortion have been employed in order to evaluate the importance of linearization.
Object Recognition, Tracking and Trajectory Generation in Real-Time Video Sequence

 Abstract —The aim of tracking is to detect objects through images. This paper focuses on detection of moving objects in a scene and tracking of the objects as long as they remain in camera view. Initially noise removal and image enhancement is carried out. The objects are detected from the supervised Euclidean segmentation of the image frames. An object recognition algorithm then classifies the segmented objects by employing minimum distance classifiers approach, and by comparing various length and shape descriptors. Finally, object trajectory is generated based on centroid location of geometric object. For the case study, we have considered tracking of a tennis ball and shown its trajectory after tracking. This method assures accurate image segmentation via specifying color intensities of the object. Although median based approach gives much better results but it’s rather much more expensive. Same case is with Census Transform method that is computationally expensive and is complex if multiple objects are there per frame.
Winner Determination in Sequential Majority Voting

Preferences can be aggregated using voting rules. We consider here the family of rules which perform a sequence of pairwise majority comparisons between two candidates. The winner thus depends on the chosen sequence of comparisons, which can be represented by a binary tree. We address the difficulty of computing candidates that win for some trees, and then introduce and study the notion of fair winner, i.e. candidates who win in a balanced tree. We then consider the situation where we lack complete informations about preferences, and determine the computational complexity of computing winners in this case.
Advances in Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology How to Perform and Interpret Provocative Testing for the Diagnosis of Brugada Syndrome, Long-QT Syndrome, and Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is predominantly related to coronary artery disease and its sequelae, cardiomyopathy, and congenital or valvular heart disease. No structural abnormalities are detectable in 5–8% of SCDs.1 Identified ion channelopathies such as Brugada syndrome, long-QT syndrome (LQTS), and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) contribute to this incidence. The diagnosis requires a high level of suspicion because of a resting ECG that is often borderline, intermittently normal, or frankly normal. Genetic testing does not provide a simple solution to this issue, as it is often neither sensitive nor specific even when the phenotype points to a specific entity and may yield results that are difficult to interpret (ie, variants of unknown significance). Pharmacological and/or exercise testing by manipulation/stressing the cardiac action potential can accentuate the desired abnormality or provoke a characteristic arrhythmia response. A systematic approach to clinical testing that includes drug provocation results in unmasking of the cause of apparently unexplained aborted SCD in 50% of patients and is very helpful in directing genetic testing of the index case and family to diagnose genetically mediated arrhythmia syndromes.2 This review will seek to highlight the clinical utility of provocative testing and describe how to perform and interpret provocative testing for the diagnosis of Brugada syndrome, LQTS, and CPVT.
Environmental Injustice: An Ohio Case Study

Valuation of environmental regulations and policy changes is usually focused on the achievement of economic efficiency or potential Pareto improvement (PPI): a proposed change or policy is accepted if those who gain from carrying out a specific project or policy could, in principle, compensate those who lose from implementing that policy so no one is worse off. Aggregate measures of value such as aggregate willingness to pay are common measures of economic efficiency. However, in reality, compensations by the gainers to the losers of a policy seldom take place and the disadvantaged must bear most if not all the cost of the adverse effects of the policy change or environmental degradation. Furthermore, willingness to pay is largely dependent on the ability to pay and as such, environmental resources are not shifted to those who only value them the most, but to those who value and can afford them as well. This article focuses on studying the distributional impacts of river contamination and clean up including stated preference evaluation of environmental improvements. Particularly, the issue of concern is whether poor and minority households in the study area have been unjustly exposed to contamination in the river; and therefore, whether the application of different weighting schemes to the benefits (costs) of different demographic groups (especially, minority and low-income) would be justified.
Routing and Scheduling Algorithms for WirelessHART Networks: A Survey

Wireless communication is a trend nowadays for the industrial environment. A number of different technologies have emerged as solutions satisfying strict industrial requirements (e.g., WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, WIA-PA). As the industrial environment presents a vast range of applications, adopting an adequate solution for each case is vital to obtain good performance of the system. In this context, the routing and scheduling schemes associated with these technologies have a direct impact on important features, like latency and energy consumption. This situation has led to the development of a vast number of routing and scheduling schemes. In the present paper, we focus on the WirelessHART technology, emphasizing its most important routing and scheduling aspects in order to guide both end users and the developers of new algorithms. Furthermore, we provide a detailed literature review of the newest routing and scheduling techniques for WirelessHART, discussing each of their features. These routing algorithms have been evaluated in terms of their objectives, metrics, the usage of the WirelessHART structures and validation method. In addition, the scheduling algorithms were also evaluated by metrics, validation, objectives and, in addition, by multiple superframe support, as well as by the redundancy method used. Moreover, this paper briefly presents some insights into the main WirelessHART simulation modules available, in order to provide viable test platforms for the routing and scheduling algorithms. Finally, some open issues in WirelessHART routing and scheduling algorithms are discussed.
Discrete Almost-Symmetric Wave Packets and Multiscale Geometrical Representation of (Seismic) Waves

We discuss a multiscale geometrical representation of (seismic) waves through a decomposition into wave packets. Wave packets can be thought of as certain localized “fat” plane waves. Here, we construct discrete almost-symmetric 3-D wave packets by using the unequally spaced fast Fourier transform. The resulting discrete transform is unitary, implying that the reconstruction operator is simply the adjoint of the decomposition operator. Another relevant aspect of the discretization scheme is the appearance of parameters that control the tiling of the phase space that corresponds with the dyadic parabolic decomposition, preserving the relative parabolic scaling while adapting to the physical problem at hand. We consider applications in exploration and global seismology, in particular for higher dimensional data regularization, seismic map migration, denoising, directional regularity analysis, and feature extraction.
Pulmonary Vasodilatory Action of Testosterone: Evidence of a Calcium Antagonistic Action

Recent evidence supports a beneficial effect of testosterone on the cardiovascular system. Testosterone acts as a coronary vasodilator and reduces myocardial ischemia in men with coronary heart disease. The aim of the current study was to determine whether testosterone has a similar vasodilatory action in the pulmonary circulation and to characterize the underlying mechanism of action. The vasodilatory action of testosterone was studied in pulmonary arteries (n = 132, mean internal diameter = 344 ± 8 &mgr;m) isolated from male rats (n = 48, mass = 396 ± 7 g) mounted in a small vessel wire myograph and loaded to a tension equivalent to 17.5 mm Hg. Micromolar concentrations of testosterone induced dilatation in pulmonary arteries preconstricted with prostaglandin F2&agr; (100 &mgr;M) within seconds of application. Dilatation to testosterone was similar in vessels treated with N-&ggr;-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) (10 &mgr;M) or vehicle (5 &mgr;l distilled water), −38.2 ± 2.9%, and −38.1 ± 3.4%, respectively, and in vessels treated with indomethacin (10 &mgr;M), flutamide (10 &mgr;M), or vehicle (5 &mgr;l ethanol), −35.5 ± 2.8%, −43.2 ± 3.6%, and −35.7 ± 4.6%, respectively (all p > 0.05). Maximal dilatation to testosterone occurred following preconstriction with agents that activated voltage-gated calcium channels such as prostaglandin F2&agr; (−34.6 ± 5.0%), BAY K8644 (−32.9 ± 8.7), or potassium chloride (−26.7 ± 1.5%), compared with calcium-independent protein kinase C activation by phorbol dibutyrate (−14.7 ± 1.6%) or capacitative calcium entry via thapsigargin (−5.1 ± 0.9%). This study demonstrates that testosterone induces pulmonary dilatation via a mechanism that is independent of the classic androgen receptor and also of the release of nitric oxide or dilator prostaglandins. The data support a calcium antagonistic action for testosterone in the pulmonary circulation, primarily against voltage-gated calcium channels.
ACV: an arithmetic circuit verifier

Based on a hierarchical verification methodology, we present an arithmetic circuit verifier ACV, in which circuits expressed in a hardware description language, also called ACV, are symbolically verified using binary decision diagrams for Boolean functions and multiplicative binary moment diagrams (BMDs) for word-level functions. A circuit is described in ACV as a hierarchy of modules. Each module has a structural definition as an interconnection of logic gates and other modules. Modules may also have functional descriptions, declaring the numeric encodings of the inputs and outputs, as well as specifying their functionality in terms of arithmetic expressions. Verification then proceeds recursively, proving that each module in the hierarchy having a functional description, including the top-level one, realizes its specification. The language and the verifier contain additional enhancements for overcoming some of the difficulties in applying BMD-based verification to circuits computing functions such as division and square root. ACV has successfully verified a number of circuits, implementing such functions as multiplication, division, and square root, with word sizes up to 256 bits.
An Integrated System for Medical Diagnosis of Human Facial Perception

We present an integrated system for medical diagnosis of the human facial perception in human brain. The human facial perception is an important function in the human visual system. The diagnosis of the human facial perception is an important issue to be tackled in the medical field because some neurological diseases including the autism are supposed to be caused by un-ordinal behavior of the human facial perception. The behavior can be observed through electro-magnetophysiology tests using test images. However, the generation of the test images is tedious work because various types of test images are needed to perform the tests. The system automates the process of the test image generation. The system also has an integrated database to manage various types of experimental data. They are test image data, image filtering parameters, time-varying signal data gotten by medical equipments, and other experimental information. The system stores the data in an integrated database to make the tests easy. We evaluated the system in corporation with medical researchers. The implementation and evaluation of the system are explained in this paper
Critical periods of vulnerability for the developing nervous system: evidence from humans and animal models.

Vulnerable periods during the development of the nervous system are sensitive to environmental insults because they are dependent on the temporal and regional emergence of critical developmental processes (i.e., proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis, myelination, and apoptosis). Evidence from numerous sources demonstrates that neural development extends from the embryonic period through adolescence. In general, the sequence of events is comparable among species, although the time scales are considerably different. Developmental exposure of animals or humans to numerous agents (e.g., X-ray irradiation, methylazoxymethanol, ethanol, lead, methyl mercury, or chlorpyrifos) demonstrates that interference with one or more of these developmental processes can lead to developmental neurotoxicity. Different behavioral domains (e.g., sensory, motor, and various cognitive functions) are subserved by different brain areas. Although there are important differences between the rodent and human brain, analogous structures can be identified. Moreover, the ontogeny of specific behaviors can be used to draw inferences regarding the maturation of specific brain structures or neural circuits in rodents and primates, including humans. Furthermore, various clinical disorders in humans (e.g., schizophrenia, dyslexia, epilepsy, and autism) may also be the result of interference with normal ontogeny of developmental processes in the nervous system. Of critical concern is the possibility that developmental exposure to neurotoxicants may result in an acceleration of age-related decline in function. This concern is compounded by the fact that developmental neurotoxicity that results in small effects can have a profound societal impact when amortized across the entire population and across the life span of humans. ImagesFigure 2Figure 3Figure 4Figure 5Figure 6Figure 8Figure 9Figure 12Figure 14Figure 16Figure 17