Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Extensive Maxilla, Zygoma and Orbital Wall Osteonecrosis Caused by Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis-A Case Report

Mucormycosis is caused by zygomycetes. This fungus can cause a variety of infections in human beings, particularly in the immunocompromised patients. Zygomycetes impinge into the vascular network, resulting in thrombosis and necrosis of the surrounding tissues. Acute necrosis of maxilla is not frequently seen, and extensive facial bone involvement is rare in patients with oral mucormycosis. Sinus mucormycosis is often accompanied by a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate (46%). Therefore aggressive surgical intervention with antifungal therapy is usually necessary. In this report, we presented a case of rhino-orbital mucormycosis in a 60-year-old man with diabetes mellitus. Besides antifungal treatment, this patient also received several surgeries to remove all necrotic tissues, including the palate, maxilla, zygoma and orbital floor and lateral wall. Pre-bent titanium mesh on a 3D prototyping model and a temporalis muscle flap were used to do reconstruction and the results have been uneventful so far.
Optimal aggregation of affine estimators

We consider the problem of combining a (possibly uncountably infinite) set of affine estimators in non-parametric regression model with heteroscedastic Gaussian noise. Focusing on the exponentially weighted aggregate, we prove a PAC-Bayesian type inequality that leads to sharp oracle inequalities in discrete but also in continuous settings. The framework is general enough to cover the combinations of various procedures--such as the least square regression, the kernel ridge regression, the shrinkage estimators, etc.--used in the literature on statistical inverse problems. As a consequence, we show that the proposed aggregate provides an adaptive estimator in the exact minimax sense without neither discretizing the range of tuning parameters nor splitting the set of observations. We also illustrate numerically the good performance achieved by the exponentially weighted aggregate.
Building a 50M Corpus of Tajik Language

Paper presents by far the largest available computer corpus of Tajik Language of the size of more than 50 million words. To obtain the texts for the corpus two different approaches were used. The paper brings a description of both of them, discusses their advantages and disadvantages and shows some statistics of the two respective partial corpora. Then the paper characterizes the resulting joined corpus and finally discusses some possible future improvements.
The Homeotic Protein SIX3 Suppresses Carcinogenesis and Metastasis through Recruiting the LSD1/NuRD(MTA3) Complex

The homeodomain transcription factor SIX3 was recently reported to be a negative regulator of the Wnt pathway and has an emerging role in cancer. However, how SIX3 contributes to tumorigenesis and metastasis is poorly understood. Methods: We employed affinity purification and mass spectrometry (MS) to identify the proteins physically associated with SIX3. Genome-wide analysis of the SIX3/LSD1/NuRD(MTA3) complex using a chromatin immunoprecipitation-on-chip approach identified a cohort of target genes including WNT1 and FOXC2, which are critically involved in cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Also, we used flow cytometry, growth curve analysis, EdU incorporation assay, colony formation assays, trans-well invasion assays, immunohistochemical staining and in vivo bioluminescence assay to investigate the function of SIX3 in tumorigenesis. Results: We demonstrate that the SIX3/LSD1/NuRD(MTA3) complex inhibits carcinogenesis in breast cancer cells and suppresses metastasis in breast cancer. SIX3 expression is downregulated in various human cancers and high SIX3 is correlated with improved prognosis. Conclusion: Our study revealed an important mechanistic link between the loss of function of SIX3 and tumor progression, identified a molecular basis for the opposing actions of MTA1 and MTA3, and may provide new potential prognostic indicators and targets for cancer therapy.
Segmentation from 97% to 100%: Is It Time for Some Linguistics?

Many tasks in natural language processing (NLP) require \emph{segmentation} algorithms: segmentation of paragraph into sentences, segmentation of sentences into words is needed in languages like Chinese or Thai, segmentation of words into syllables (\emph{hyphenation}) or into morphological parts (e.g.\ getting word stem for indexing), and many other tasks (e.g.\ tagging) could be formulated as segmentation problems. We evaluate methodology of using \emph{competing patterns} for these tasks and decide on the complexity of creation of space-optimal (minimal) patterns that completely (100\,\%) implement the segmentation task. We formally define this task and prove that it is in the class of \emph{non-polynomial} optimization problems. However, finding space-efficient competing patterns for real NLP tasks is feasible and gives efficient scalable solutions of segmentation task: segmentation is done in \emph{constant} time with respect to the size of segmented dictionary. Constant time of access to segmentations makes competing patterns attractive data structure for many NLP tasks.
Identification of T‐cell epitopes from benzylpenicillin conjugated to human serum albumin and implication in penicillin allergy

There is in vitro evidence that T cells from allergic patients react to benzylpenicillin‐human serum albumin (BP‐HSA) bioconjugates. Our group has recently shown the existence of naïve CD4+ T cells recognizing BP‐HSA in healthy donors. However, BP‐haptenated peptides from HSA participating in the immunization of allergic patients have never been identified. The purpose of the present study is to identify immunodominant BP‐haptenated peptides from HSA involved in immunization of patients to BP and to refine the frequency calculation of naïve CD4+ T cells recognizing BP.
Bayesian population size estimation using Dirichlet process mixtures

We introduce a new Bayesian nonparametric method for estimating the size of a closed population from multiple‐recapture data. Our method, based on Dirichlet process mixtures, can accommodate complex patterns of heterogeneity of capture, and can transparently modulate its complexity without a separate model selection step. Additionally, it can handle the massively sparse contingency tables generated by large number of recaptures with moderate sample sizes. We develop an efficient and scalable MCMC algorithm for estimation. We apply our method to simulated data, and to two examples from the literature of estimation of casualties in armed conflicts.
Assessment of tibial fracture healing using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

The assessment of fracture healing is largely a matter of clinical judgement, often based on observing x-rays showing the formation of bridging callus or obscuration of the fracture line and an impression of fracture stiffness obtained by manual loading. In circumstances where these assessment methods are compromised, for example in fractures stabilised using either external fixation or intramedullary nailing, the determination of healing can be problematic. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) provides a quick, non-invasive and quantitative method of measuring bone density, which could enable the change in mineral content at a healing site to be monitored. This study evaluated the viability of using DXA to assess the healing of tibial fractures stabilised using intramedullary nails and external fixators. Trials have been undertaken on a Lunar DPX-L scanner situated at South Cleveland Hospital, Middlesbrough. Aluminium and hydroxyapatite phantoms have been used to determine the accuracy, sensitivity and reproducibility of the DXA measurements. Small fracture gaps of less than 0.05 mm were detectable on both simulated transverse and oblique fractures. BMD values which one might expect at a fracture site could be accurately measured down to 0.16 g cm(^-2)14 Patients with tibial fractures (6 with intramedullary nails and 8 with external fixators) have been measured at 4 week intervals following trauma. The bone mineral density (BMD) at regions of interest along the fractured tibial shaft were compared to the non-fractured contra-lateral. Anatomical landmarks were used to relocate the regions of interest between scans and good reproducibility of results (coefficient of variation = 3.36 %) was obtained. After an initial fall in the first month, the BMD at the fracture site gradually increased to the original unfractured value by approximately the fifth month post-fracture. Proximal and distal to the trauma site there was a gradual decrease in BMD in all of the patients, which persisted for about 5 months post-fracture.
Optimizing Inbound Baggage Handling at Airports

In this paper we consider the planning and scheduling of inbound baggage that is picked up by passengers at the baggage claim hall. Although this is a standard process at airports, to our knowledge there has been no mathematical model proposed in the literature optimizing the inbound baggage handling process. As the inbound baggage handling problem turns out to be NP-hard, we propose a hybrid heuristic combining a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure with a guided fast local search and path-relinking. We demonstrate how we implemented the algorithm at Munich’s Franz Josef Strauss Airport where it is in use to operate the inbound baggage handling process. In a case study, we compare the results of the mathematical model with the solutions of the hybrid heuristic and the solutions provided by the airport. The proposed algorithm reduces baggage peaks at the baggage carousels by 38% and waiting times for passengers by 11%. All computational results are based on an extensive simulation incorporating rea.
Oral cancer: A multicenter study

Background To determine the prevalence and clinicopathologic features of the oral cancer patients. Material and Methods Biopsy records of the participating institutions were reviewed for oral cancer cases diagnosed from 2005 to 2014. Demographic data and site of the lesions were collected. Sites of the lesion were subdivided into lip, tongue, floor of the mouth, gingiva, alveolar mucosa, palate, buccal/labial mucosa, maxilla and mandible. Oral cancer was subdivided into 7 categories: epithelial tumors, salivary gland tumors, hematologic tumors, bone tumors, mesenchymal tumors, odontogenic tumors, and others. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using SPSS software version 17.0. Results Of the 474,851 accessioned cases, 6,151 cases (1.30%) were diagnosed in the category of oral cancer. The mean age of the patients was 58.37±15.77 years. A total of 4,238 cases (68.90%) were diagnosed in males, whereas 1911 cases (31.07%) were diagnosed in females. The male-to-female ratio was 2.22:1. The sites of predilection for oral cancer were tongue, labial/buccal mucosa, gingiva, palate, and alveolar mucosa, respectively. The three most common oral cancer in the descending order of frequency were squamous cell carcinoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Conclusions Although the prevalence of oral cancer is not high compared to other entities, oral cancer pose significant mortality and morbidity in the patients, especially when discovered late in the course of the disease. This study highlights some anatomical locations where oral cancers are frequently encountered. As a result, clinicians should pay attention to not only teeth, but oral mucosa especially in the high prevalence area as well since early detection of precancerous lesions or cancers in the early stage increase the chance of patient being cured and greatly reduce the mortality and morbidity. This study also shows some differences between pediatric and elderly oral cancer patients as well as between Asian and non-Asian oral cancer patients. Key words:Oral cancer, prevalence, clinic-pathologic features, retrospective study.
Listeria monocytogenes wall teichoic acid decoration in virulence and cell‐to‐cell spread

Wall teichoic acid (WTA) comprises a class of glycopolymers covalently attached to the peptidoglycan of gram positive bacteria. In Listeria monocytogenes, mutations that prevent addition of certain WTA decorating sugars are attenuating. However, the steps required for decoration and the pathogenic process interrupted are not well described. We systematically examined the requirement for WTA galactosylation in a mouse oral‐virulent strain by first creating mutations in four genes whose products conferred resistance to a WTA‐binding bacteriophage. WTA biochemical and structural studies indicated that galactosylated WTA was directly required for bacteriophage adsorption and that mutant WTA lacked appreciable galactose in all except one mutant – which retained a level ca. 7% of the parent. All mutants were profoundly attenuated in orally infected mice and were impaired in cell‐to‐cell spread in vitro. Confocal microscopy of cytosolic mutants revealed that all expressed ActA on their cell surface and formed actin tails with a frequency similar to the parent. However, the mutant tails were significantly shorter – suggesting a defect in actin based motility. Roles for the gene products in WTA galactosylation are proposed. Identification and interruption of WTA decoration pathways may provide a general strategy to discover non‐antibiotic therapeutics for gram positive infections. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
F-spondin Is Essential for Maintaining Circadian Rhythms

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the master pacemaker that drives circadian behaviors. SCN neurons have intrinsic, self-sustained rhythmicity that is governed by transcription-translation feedback loops. Intrinsic rhythms within the SCN do not match the day-night cycle and are therefore entrained by light-derived cues. Such cues are transmitted to the SCN by a class of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). In the present study, we sought to identify how axons from ipRGCs target the SCN. While none of the potential targeting cues identified appeared necessary for retinohypothalamic innervation, we unexpectedly identified a novel role for the extracellular matrix protein F-spondin in circadian behavior. In the absence of F-spondin, mice lost their ability to maintain typical intrinsic rhythmicity. Moreover, F-spondin loss results in the displacement of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing neurons, a class of neurons that are essential for maintaining rhythmicity among SCN neurons. Thus, this study highlights a novel role for F-spondin in maintaining circadian rhythms.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the development of multiple myeloma and drug resistance

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy of mature antibody‐secreting plasma cells. Currently, MM is incurable, but advances in drug treatments have increased patient lifespan. One of the characteristics of MM is the excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulin (also referred to as paraprotein). This high level of protein production induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and proteasomal degradation of the paraprotein is required to avoid ER stress‐induced cell death. Consequently, proteasomal inhibitors such as bortezomib have been particularly effective therapies. Unfortunately development of resistance to bortezomib is common. In this review, we address how control of endoplasmic reticulum stress is important in the development of MM and how the unfolded protein response and its associated stress response pathways are involved in the development of bortezomib resistance.
Detecting Semantic Shifts in Slovene Twitterese

This paper presents ﬁrst results of automatic semantic shift detection in Slovene tweets. We use word embeddings to compare the semantic behaviour of common words frequently occurring in a reference corpus of Slovene with their behaviour on Twitter. Words with the highest model distance between the corpora are considered as semantic shift candidates. They are manually analysed and classiﬁed in order to evaluate the proposed approach as well as to gain a better qualitative understanding of the nature of the problem. Apart from the noise due to preprocessing errors (45%), the approach yields a lot of valuable candidates, especially the novel senses occurring due to daily events and the ones produced in informal communication settings.
Pain-related anxiety and opioid misuse in a racially/ethnically diverse young adult sample with moderate/severe pain

Abstract Pain problems are of significant public health concern, and with opioid-related problems and death due to overdose at an all-time high, there is significant public health importance to identify risk factors that link instances of pain to opioid misuse among persons with pain whether or not they have been prescribed opioids for pain management. Severe pain and pain-related problems have been associated with increased risk for opioid misuse, and recent research indicates that pain-related anxiety (worry about the negative consequences of pain) may contribute to a more debilitating pain experience. Additionally, pain-related anxiety has previously been linked to substance use motives and dependence for cannabis and tobacco. However, little research has examined pain-related anxiety as a transdiagnostic risk factor for opioid misuse. The current study examined the relationship between pain-related anxiety and self-reported opioid misuse (addiction, prescription denial, family concerns, detox) in a racially/ethnically diverse sample of young adults (N = 256, M age = 22.84) reporting moderate to severe bodily pain over the previous four weeks. Results indicated that pain-related anxiety was significantly related to several indicators of opioid misuse as well as an increased number of opioid-related problems. Findings from the current study suggest that targeting pain-related anxiety may be one therapeutic strategy to reduce opioid misuse.
Paclitaxel plus nedaplatin vs. paclitaxel plus carboplatin in women with epithelial ovarian cancer: A multi-center, randomized, open-label, phase III trial

The multi-center, randomized, open-label, phase III trial discussed in the present study was performed to compare the clinical outcomes of nedaplatin (NDP) plus paclitaxel, and carboplatin (CBP) plus paclitaxel for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In the current study, 182 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage II–IV EOC were randomly assigned to receive NDP plus paclitaxel or CBP plus paclitaxel at 3-week intervals for a total of six courses. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival rate (PFS) and overall survival rate (OS). The secondary endpoints were toxicity profiles. The median follow-up was 44.63 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 33.67–46.47 months] for the NDP group and 47.63 months (95% CI 45.13–49.07 months) for the CBP group. Overall, there was no significant difference in PFS or OS between the two groups (P=0.09 for PFS, and P=0.65 for OS). For the patients with FIGO stage III–IV EOC, the NDP plus paclitaxel regimen significantly prolonged PFS (P=0.02) but did not result in improved OS (P=0.53) when compared with the CBP group. The patients in the NDP plus paclitaxel group also exhibited a lower incidence rate of grade 3 or 4 leucopenia (P=0.03). Other hematological and non-hematological toxicity profiles were similar between the two groups. Compared with CBP plus paclitaxel regimens, NDP plus paclitaxel regimens achieved comparable survival outcomes and similar toxicity profiles. However, patients of FIGO stage III–IV EOC may experience more clinical benefits from NDP plus paclitaxel treatment, including a prolonged PFS and a lower incidence rate of leucopenia. Therefore, an NDP-based regimen may be an alternative choice when using platinum-based agents to treat EOC.
Associations of Injurious Falls and Self-Reported Incapacities: Analysis of the National Health Interview Survey

Purpose To determine the associative value of selected questions from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for screening adults older than 18 years at risk of injurious falls. Methods Data from adults 18 years of age and older were extracted from the NHIS for 2011 relevant to an injurious fall within the preceding year. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine associations of self-reported injurious falls with key social-demographic, health, and physical function variables. Outcomes were reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Self-reported injurious fall within the preceding year was associated with difficulty climbing 10 steps without special equipment (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 2.32–4.46), loss of dependence for an activity of daily living (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.17–2.91), pain in legs and below the knees (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.23–2.30), and moderate visual impairment (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.18–2.15). Women were at greater risk than men and those aged 75 years and older (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.02–2.09). Conclusions A subset of the NHIS questions are positively associated with injurious falls in the previous 12 months and may be of use in identifying adults at greater risk of future falls. The NHIS questions may serve to identify persons in need of targeted preventive services.
Implementation of an IMU Aided Image Stacking Algorithm in a Digital Camera for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Images acquired with a long exposure time using a camera embedded on UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) exhibit motion blur due to the erratic movements of the UAV. The aim of the present work is to be able to acquire several images with a short exposure time and use an image processing algorithm to produce a stacked image with an equivalent long exposure time. Our method is based on the feature point image registration technique. The algorithm is implemented on the light-weight IGN (Institut national de l’information géographique) camera, which has an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) sensor and an SoC (System on Chip)/FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array). To obtain the correct parameters for the resampling of the images, the proposed method accurately estimates the geometrical transformation between the first and the N-th images. Feature points are detected in the first image using the FAST (Features from Accelerated Segment Test) detector, then homologous points on other images are obtained by template matching using an initial position benefiting greatly from the presence of the IMU sensor. The SoC/FPGA in the camera is used to speed up some parts of the algorithm in order to achieve real-time performance as our ultimate objective is to exclusively write the resulting image to save bandwidth on the storage device. The paper includes a detailed description of the implemented algorithm, resource usage summary, resulting processing time, resulting images and block diagrams of the described architecture. The resulting stacked image obtained for real surveys does not seem visually impaired. An interesting by-product of this algorithm is the 3D rotation estimated by a photogrammetric method between poses, which can be used to recalibrate in real time the gyrometers of the IMU. Timing results demonstrate that the image resampling part of this algorithm is the most demanding processing task and should also be accelerated in the FPGA in future work.