Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular profiling of tumor-specific TH1 cells activated in vivo

The central role of tumor-specific TH1 cells in anticancer immune responses is becoming increasingly appreciated. However, little is known about how these cells are generated in vivo. Here, we used flow cytometry and gene expression microarrays to characterize the primary activation and TH1 differentiation of naïve tumor-specific CD4+ T cells in a mouse model of cancer immunosurveillance. We took advantage of T-cell receptor-transgenic mice in which CD4+ T cells recognize a tumor-specific antigen secreted by MHC class II-negative MOPC315 myeloma cells. Cancer cells were injected subcutaneously and T-cell activation was analyzed in draining lymph nodes and at the incipient tumor site 8 d later. Upon activation and migration to incipient tumor sites, tumor-specific CD4+ T cells exhibited the upregulation of 29 cell-surface molecules (CD2, CD5, CD11a, CD18, CD25, CD28, CD44, CD45, CD49d, CD51, CD54, CD69, CD71, CD83, CD86, CD90, CD95, CD102, CD122, CD153, CD166, CD200, CD249, CD254, CD274, CD279, Ly6C, MHC class I and CCR7) and the downregulation of five (CD27, CD31, CD45RB, CD62L and CD126). Activated CD4+ T cells produced interferon γ, a cytokine consistent with a TH1-polarized response, tumor necrosis factor α as well as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-3 and IL-10. The activation of naïve tumor-specific CD4+ T cells in draining lymph nodes resulted in the upregulation of 609 genes and the downregulation of 284 genes. The bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed genes identified functional pathways related to tumor-specific TH1 cell activation. This study may represent a useful resource to guide the development of TH1-based immunotherapies against cancer.
A 40 nm 512 kb Cross-Point 8 T Pipeline SRAM With Binary Word-Line Boosting Control, Ripple Bit-Line and Adaptive Data-Aware Write-Assist

This paper presents a cross-point 512 kb 8 T pipeline static random-access memory (SRAM). The cross-point structure eliminates write half-select disturb to facilitate bit-interleaving architecture for enhanced soft error immunity. The design employs boosted word-line (WL) for improving both read performance and write-ability. A ripple bit-line (RiBL) structure provides 30%-44% read access performance improvement and 2 ×-3.5 × variation immunity at 0.7 V compared with the conventional hierarchical bit-line (HiBL) schemes. An adaptive data-aware write-assist (ADAWA) with VCS tracking is employed to further enhance the write-ability while ensuring adequate stability for half-selected cells on the selected bit-lines. An adaptive voltage detector (AVD) with binary boosting control is used to mitigating gate electric over-stress. The design is implemented in UMC 40 nm low-power (40LP) CMOS technology. The 512 kb test chip operates from 1.5 V to 0.65 V, with maximum operation frequency of 800 MHz@1.1 V and 200 MHz@0.65 V. The measured power consumption is 0.5 mW/MHz (active) and 4.4 mW (standby) at 1.1 V, and 0.107 mW/MHz (active) and 0.367 mW (standby) at 0.65 V.
Using Context Information to Re-architect a System

Successful software systems cope with complexity by organizing classes into packages. However, a particular organization may be neither straightforward nor obvious for a given developer. As a consequence, classes can be misplaced, leading to duplicated code and ripple effects with minor changes effecting multiple packages. We claim that contextual information is the key to rearchitecture a system. Exploiting contextual information, we propose a technique to detect misplaced classes by analyzing how client packages access the classes of a given provider package. We define locality as a measure of the degree to which classes reused by common clients appear in the same package. We then use locality to guide a simulated annealing algorithm to obtain optimal placements of classes in packages. The result is the identification of classes that are candidates for relocation. We apply the technique to three applications and validate the usefulness of our approach via developer interviews.
A Novel Algorithm based on Fuzzy Optimization for Antenna Arrays used in Radio Mobile Communications

In view of the rapid development in the use of mobile phones, it is becoming increasingly crucial to combat the growing threat of co-channel interference (CCI) . An adaptive antenna consisting of an array of spatially distributed antennas can be used to reject CCI . By properly combining the outputs of such antenna , it is possible to extract the individual desirable signal waveforms from the received superposition , even if they all occupy the same frequency band . The new algorithm proposed in this paper is based on the knowledge of users' location which is non deterministic thus resulting a significant improvement in the reception of the desired signal from the co-channel signals. Such improvement is achieved through the utilization of a fuzzy algorithm in combination with an adaptive array . Computer simulations are carried out for testing the proposed technique in urban areas where there is more CCI due to the increased scattering. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed scheme has indeed a great potential in rejecting CCI .
A Review of Software Risk Management for Selection of Best Tools and Techniques

The aim of this research paper is to study risk management system and to find some tools and techniques recommended by different journals and articles. We have gone through different approaches in context of risk management. We have taken risk management paradigm introduced by Software Engineering Institute as our standard to analyze different techniques and tools. Different features have been mined out from those models and trying to show shortcoming as well as asset qualities of those. Our approach is to find out best or suitable tools for software risk management in software development industries.
Fine-grained mobility in the Emerald system

Emerald is an object-based language and system designed for the construction of distributed programs. An explicit goal of Emerald is support for object mobility; objects in Emerald can freely move within the system to take advantage of distribution and dynamically changing environments. We say that Emerald has fine-grained mobility because Emerald objects can be small data objects as well as process objects. Fine-grained mobility allows us to apply mobility in new ways but presents implementation problems as well. This paper discusses the benefits of tine-grained mobility, the Emerald language and run-time mechanisms that support mobility, and techniques for implementing mobility that do not degrade the performance of local operations. Performance measurements of the current implementation are included.
Smoking cessation improves both direct and indirect airway hyperresponsiveness in COPD

Smoking induces chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). It has not been studied in COPD whether direct (methacholine) and indirect (adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP)) stimuli are associated with airway inflammation and neither whether smoking cessation improves these features. The current authors cross-sectionally investigated the relationship of AHR to methacholine and AMP with lung function and inflammatory cells in the sputum of 33 smokers with COPD. In addition, changes in these parameters were prospectively assessed in 14 smokers who successfully quit smoking for 1 yr. The presence of AHR to both methacholine and AMP was associated with lower lung function, but not with sputum inflammation. AHR to methacholine and AMP improved significantly after a 1-yr smoking cessation, yet this was unrelated to changes in sputum cell counts. The numbers of neutrophils and epithelial cells significantly increased with smoking cessation. Both direct and indirect airway hyperresponsiveness are associated with lower lung function, but not with sputum inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Interestingly, 1-yr smoking cessation improved both direct and indirect airway hyperresponsiveness, yet without a significant association with changes in lung function or sputum inflammation. Thus, other factors are likely to induce these improvements, e.g. a reduction in stimulation of irritant receptors, airway wall changes or mucus hypersecretion.
Modeling of photovoltaic array and control of grid connected photovoltaic system to provide quality power to grid

Delivering quality power is the important issue of grid connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system. The generation of quality power from the proposed system is influenced by the intermittent nature of solar photovoltaic power, power electronic converters used and the nonlinear loads connected to the system. To understand and analyze the system an accurate modeling is required. This paper deals with modeling of PV array of 100kWp grid connected photovoltaic system in the direction of providing quality power mainly related to harmonic issues at low irradiation level. The proposed system is analyzed with the help of MATLAB/SIMULINK.
ChemPad : A Pedagogical Tool For Exploring Handwritten Organic Molecules

Molecules are inherently three-dimensional objects that are represented by chemists on paper and classroom blackboards by a system of two-dimensional notations. A major hurdle for aspiring chemists in college courses is to be able to visualize the actual 3D structure from the dimensionally-deficient 2D drawings. ChemPad, a new Tablet PC application with a pedagogical focus was designed and implemented to generate 3D molecular structures from hand drawn digital ink. This paper addresses the ChemPad system, the algorithms involved in interpreting 3D molecular structure from 2D ink, and the pedagogical design of the software.
Geographical survey of beta S-globin gene haplotypes: evidence for an independent Asian origin of the sickle-cell mutation.

The haplotypes of 152 beta S-chromosomes were characterized in six different population groups. The chromosomes of individuals from Nigeria and from the southwest of the Arabian peninsula have the haplotype - - - - + + - + previously found in west African, Jamaican, and U.S. American blacks, whereas those from the eastern oases of Saudi Arabia and from the west and the east coast of India showed a different haplotype not found in Africa (+ + - + + + + -). These data are most consistent with an independent Asian origin of the sickle-cell mutation and provide further information about the geographic distribution of beta S-haplotypes in the Old World. The distribution of the Asian beta S-haplotype corresponds to the reported geographic distribution of a mild clinical phenotype of homozygous SS disease.
Peripheral oscillators: the driving force for food‐anticipatory activity

Food‐anticipatory activity (FAA) and especially the food‐entrained oscillator (FEO) have driven many scientists to seek their mechanisms and locations. Starting our research on FAA we, possibly like many other scientists, were convinced that clock genes held the key to the location and the underlying mechanisms for FAA. In this review, which is aimed especially at discussing the contribution of the peripheral oscillators, we have put together the accumulating evidence that the clock gene machinery as we know it today is not sufficient to explain food entrainment. We discuss the contribution of three types of oscillating processes: (i) within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), neurons capable of maintaining a 24‐h oscillation in electrical activity driven by a set of clock genes; (ii) oscillations in metabolic genes and clock genes in other parts of the brain and in peripheral organs driven by the SCN or by food, which damp out after a few cycles; (iii) an FEO which, we propose, is a system built up of different oscillatory processes and consisting of an as‐yet‐unidentified network of central and peripheral structures. In view of the evidence that clock genes and metabolic oscillations are not essential for the persistence of FAA we propose that food entrainment is initiated by a repeated metabolic state of scarcity that drives an oscillating network of brain nuclei in interaction with peripheral oscillators. This complex may constitute the proposed FEO and is distributed in our peripheral organs as well as within the central nervous system.
Delay in initiation and termination of muscle contraction, motor impairment, and physical disability in upper limb hemiparesis

The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between the delay in initiation and termination of muscle contraction and clinical measures of motor impairment and physical disability in the affected upper limb of patients with hemiparesis. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of 26 long‐term survivors of stroke was recorded during isometric wrist flexion and extension. Upper limb motor impairment and disability were assessed with the Fugl‐Meyer motor assessment (FMA) and arm motor ability test (AMAT), respectively. Delay in initiation and termination of muscle contraction was significantly prolonged in the paretic arm. However, the delay was not significantly affected by stroke type, stroke level, side of hemiparesis, or presence of aphasia. Delay in initiation and termination of muscle contraction correlated significantly with FMA and AMAT. Abnormally delayed initiation and termination of muscle contraction may contribute to hemiparetic upper limb motor impairment and physical disability in hemiparetic patients. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 25: 000–000, 2002
Exploring the Neural Basis of Cognitive Reserve

There is epidemiologic and imaging evidence for the presence of cognitive reserve, but the neurophysiologic substrate of CR has not been established. In order to test the hypothesis that CR is related to aspects of neural processing, we used fMRI to image 19 healthy young adults while they performed a nonverbal recognition test. There were two task conditions. A low demand condition required encoding and recognition of single items and a titrated demand condition required the subject to encode and then recognize a larger list of items, with the study list size for each subject adjusted prior to scanning such that recognition accuracy was 75%. We hypothesized that individual differences in cognitive reserve are related to changes in neural activity as subjects moved from the low to the titrated demand task. To test this, we examined the correlation between subjects’ fMRI activation and NART scores. This analysis was implemented voxel-wise in a whole brain fMRI dataset. During both the study and test phases of the recognition memory task we noted areas where, across subjects, there were significant positive and negative correlations between change in activation from low to titrated demand and the NART score. These correlations support our hypothesis that neural processing differs across individuals as a function of CR. This differential processing may help explain individual differences in capacity, and may underlie reserve against age-related or other pathologic changes.
Microscopic Structure of Water Flow through Carbon Nanotubes

We have conducted molecular dynamics simulations of steady state water flow through (6,6), (7,7), (8,8), (12,12), (16,16), and (20,20) carbon nanotubes and analyzed the tube diameter dependence of microscopic flow structure at ambient temperature. Results show that the peaks of the atomic density profiles become more acute when a pressure gradient generates water flow through the nanotubes. In most cases, such profiles tend to shift closer to the tube wall compared to those in equilibrium conditions. We have also found that, using the velocities investigated here, the streaming velocity does not reduce the number of hydrogen bonds per water molecule regardless of the tube diameter.
HIV-Infected or -Exposed Children Exhibit Lower Immunogenicity to Hepatitis B Vaccine in Yaoundé, Cameroon: An Appeal for Revised Policies in Tropical Settings?

Background Since 2005, anti-hepatitis B virus (anti-HBV) vaccine is part of the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) for infants born in Cameroon, with 99% anti-HBV coverage. In a context of generalized HIV epidemiology, we assessed paediatric anti-HBV vaccine response according to HIV status, feeding option and age in a tropical context. Methodology Prospective, observational and cross-sectional study conducted among 82 children (27 [IQR: 9–47] months, min-max: 6–59), after complete anti-HBV vaccination (Zilbrix Hepta: 10μg AgHBs) at the Essos Health Centre in Yaounde, Cameroon, classified as group-A: HIV unexposed (28), group-B: HIV-exposed/uninfected (29), group-C: HIV-infected (25). Quantitative anti-HBs ELISA was interpreted as “no”, “low-” or “protective-response” with <1, 1–10, or ≥10 IU/L respectively; with p-value<0.05 considered significant. Results Children were all HBV-unexposed (AcHBc-negative) and uninfected (HBsAg-negative). Response to anti-HBV vaccine was 80.49% (66/82), with only 45.12% (37/82) developed a protective-response (≥10IU/L). According to HIV status, 60.71% (17/28) developed a protective-response in group-A, vs. 51.72% (15/29) and 20% (5/25) in group-B and group-C respectively, Odds Ratio (OR): 2.627 [CI95% 0.933–7.500], p = 0.041. According to feeding option during first six months of life, 47.67% (21/45) developed a protective-response on exclusive breastfeeding vs. 43.24% (16/37) on mixed or formula feeding, OR: 1.148 [CI95% 0.437–3.026], p = 0.757. According to age, protective-response decreased significantly as children grow older: 58.33% (28/48) <24 months vs. 26.47% (9/34) ≥24 months, OR: 3.889 [CI95% 1.362–11.356], p = 0.004; and specifically 67.65% (23/34) ≤6 months vs. 0%, (0/5) 33–41 months, p = 0.008. Conclusions Anti-HBV vaccine provides low rate of protection (<50%) among children in general, and particularly if HIV-exposed, infected and/or older children. Implementing policies for early vaccination, specific immunization algorithm for HIV-exposed/infected children, and monitoring vaccine response would ensure effective protection in tropical settings, pending extensive/confirmatory investigations.
Structure - degradation relationships of flavonoids and their correlation to human bioavailability

1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 3 Introduction 3 Dissertation Organization 5 LITERATURE REVIEW 6 A. Chemistry and Sources of Flavonoids 6 B. Function of Flavonoids 11 C. Biosynthesis of Flavonoids 13 D. Dietary Intake 17 E. Biological and Health Effects 18 a. Estrogenic Activity 18 b. Antioxidant Effects 25 c. Flavonoids and Steroid Hormone Dependent Cancers 29 d. Flavonoids and Atherosclerosis 34 F. Metabolism and Bioavailability 39 a. Hydrolysis and Absorption 40 b. Hepatic Metabolism 43 c. Gut Microbial Metabolism 45 d. Bioavailability 54
Traffic Engineering with Segment Routing: SDN-Based Architectural Design and Open Source Implementation

Traffic Engineering (TE) in IP carrier networks is one of the functions that can benefit from the Software Defined Networking paradigm. However traditional per-flow routing requires a direct interaction between the SDN controller and each node that is involved in the traffic paths. Segment Routing (SR) may simplify the route enforcement delegating all the configuration and per-flow state at the border of the network. In this work we propose an architecture that integrates the SDN paradigm with SR based TE, for which we have provided an open source reference implementation. We have designed and implemented a simple TE/SR heuristic for flow allocation and we show and discuss experimental results.
A Novel Method for Compensating Inverter Nonlinearity Effects in Carrier Signal Injection-Based Sensorless Control From Positive-Sequence Carrier Current Distortion

In conventional rotating carrier signal injection-based sensorless method, a positive-sequence carrier current has no use, and only the negative-sequence carrier current is used to estimate the rotor position information. The inverter nonlinearity effects, however, distort the negative-sequence carrier current and result in inaccurate position estimation. With the aid of theoretical analysis and experimental measurement, it is proven in this paper that the positive-sequence carrier current distortion resulting from inverter nonlinearity effects can be used to compensate the influence of inverter nonlinearity on negative-sequence carrier current. Hence, a new online postcompensation scheme is developed in this paper by utilizing the distortion of positive-sequence carrier current due to inverter nonlinearity effects. The proposed method can be easily implemented on standard voltage source inverter without any offline commissioning process or hardware modification. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in suppressing the influence of inverter nonlinearity on the rotor position estimation.
Robust adaptive subspace detectors for space time processing

We consider the problem of detecting a subspace signal when there is uncertainty in the subspace. Such uncertainty usually causes a mismatch between the detector and the signal to be detected, which may lead to significant loss in performance. To improve the robustness of the detection procedure we apply robust adaptive subspace detectors based on extending the dimension of the signal subspace. We consider two types of adaptive constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector structures for the extended subspace detectors: CFAR generalized likelihood ratio detector (CFAR GLR) and CFAR matched subspace detector (CFAR MSD). Using Monte-Carlo simulations, we study the performance of the robust adaptive subspace detectors for space time processing.
Parallelization of Maximum Entropy POS Tagging for Bahasa Indonesia with MapReduce

In this paper, MapReduce programming model is used to parallelize training and tagging proceess in Maximum Entropy part of speech tagging for Bahasa Indonesia. In training process, MapReduce model is implemented dictionary, tagtoken, and feature creation. In tagging process, MapReduce is implemented to tag lines of document in parallel. The training experiments showed that total training time using MapReduce is faster, but its result reading time inside the process slow down the total training time. The tagging experiments using different number of map and reduce process showed that MapReduce implementation could speedup the tagging process. The fastest tagging result is showed by tagging process using 1,000,000 word corpus and 30 map process.
Learner TMLS Provider Elements created by interaction between Learner and Provider Effects induced by the TMLS Process Perspective Structural Perspective Results Perspective

The evaluation of Technology-Mediated Learning Services (TMLS) has been a major topic for both researchers and practitioners. Nevertheless, inconsistent research results can be observed within TMLS research, leading to the question which determinants and output variables should be used for TMLS evaluation. Therefore, this study examined 85 articles published in peer-reviewed outlets on determinants on learning success and satisfaction within TMLS scenarios. The research was collected from various disciplines, such as IS, psychology, education and business. Thereby, this study systematically examines variables from perspectives such as learner, TMLS provider, process and result. The current state of research in the field of TMLS is presented, focusing on TMLS specific variables which have been researched for (1) at least three times, classified as experimental variables providing research potentials, and (2) at least five times, classified as variables which have been constantly examined. We identified a set of 31 determinants which have a significant or strong significant effect on satisfaction and learning success as well as 34 variables which showed inconsistent effects or provide research potentials. By this means, we identified a significant foundation for TMLS evaluation, as well as inconsistent or not yet extensively examined research results, i.e. future research potentials.