Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic identification of storytelling responses to past‐behavior interview questions via machine learning

Structured interviews often feature past ‐ behavior questions, where applicants are asked to tell a story about past work experience. Applicants often experience difficulties producing such stories. Automatic analyses of applicant behavior in responding to past ‐ behavior questions may constitute a basis for delivering feedback and thus helping them improve their performance. We used machine learning algorithms to predict storytelling in transcribed speech of participants responding to past ‐ behavior questions in a simulated selection interview. Responses were coded as to whether they featured a story or not. For each story, utterances were also manually coded as to whether they described the situation, the task/action performed, or results obtained. The algorithms predicted whether a response features a story or not (best accuracy: 78%), as well as the count of situation, task/ action, and response utterances. These findings contribute to better automatic identification of verbal responses to past ‐ behavior questions and may support automatic provision of feedback to applicants about their interview performance.
Using Rational Choice Theory to Explore Factors Impacting Contact Tracing Application Adoption

ABSTRACT Effective contact tracing is an important tool in trying to control the spread of highly infectious diseases. Utilizing the theory of reasoned action and rational choice theory, this study explores factors impacting the adoption of mobile contact tracing application. Findings indicate that perceived benefits of usage and perceived costs of non-usage positively impact an individual’s attitude toward usage intention, while information security concern as perceived cost of usage has a negative effect.
Finite Element Model Updating of Bridge Structures Based on Improved Response Surface Methods

An accurate and reasonable finite element model is essential for bridge structural health monitoring and safety assessment. To improve the accuracy and efficiency of the finite element model updating, this paper proposes a finite element model updating method for bridge structures based on an improved response surface method. By introducing the radial basis function as the augmentation term of the polynomial function, a response surface model based on the augmentation polynomial is established, and the fitting accuracy of the global response surface model is improved. The convergence speed and accuracy of the response surface model optimization solution are improved by improving the regression step and annealing strategy in the simulated annealing algorithm. The method is validated using the numerical case of a simply supported beam and the finite element model of the main bridge of the Tonghe Songhua River Highway Bridge (Tonghe Bridge), and the safety condition of the main bridge of the Tonghe Bridge is evaluated using the updated finite element model. The results show that the maximum relative error of the updated parameters of the simply supported beam decreased from 13.011% before improvement to 0.719% after improvement, and the maximum relative error of the natural frequencies decreased from 0.728% before improvement to 0.225% after improvement; the maximum relative error of the natural frequencies of the finite element model of the Tonghe Bridge main bridge decreased from 21.68% before improvement to 4.23% after improvement. In April, May, and June of 2021, the main bridge of the Tonghe Bridge operated well and had a good security reserve.
On the effect of velocity gradients on the depth of correlation in μPIV

The present work revisits the effect of velocity gradients on the depth of the measurement volume (depth of correlation) in microscopic particle image velocimetry (μPIV). General relations between the μPIV weighting functions and the local correlation function are derived from the original definition of the weighting functions. These relations are used to investigate under which circumstances the weighting functions are related to the curvature of the local correlation function. Furthermore, this work proposes a modified definition of the depth of correlation that leads to more realistic results than previous definitions for the case when flow gradients are taken into account. Dimensionless parameters suitable to describe the effect of velocity gradients on μPIV cross correlation are derived and visual interpretations of these parameters are proposed. We then investigate the effect of the dimensionless parameters on the weighting functions and the depth of correlation for different flow fields with spatially constant flow gradients and with spatially varying gradients. Finally this work demonstrates that the results and dimensionless parameters are not strictly bound to a certain model for particle image intensity distributions but are also meaningful when other models for particle images are used.
The different ripple formation mechanism

Experiments in an open channel were conducted to investigate the formation of ripples on an erodible sand bed by varying the roughness, the mass density of the uniform grain material and the history of the bed evolution. A first set ofexperiments was conducted by gradually increasing the slope in small increments from a value at which no transport occurred to one at which ripples started forming. In a supplementary set. the same slope change was achieved rapidly in a single step. Visualizations showed that two types of ripple formation exist, depending on how fast the slope rate was increased. A third type is observed for fine and heavy bed material (lead) at high bed load transport. The results can be interpreted by using a coherent structure model for the turbulent flow. In the framework of such a concept, the initial disturbances can be interpreted as transport relics of so-called sweep events, and the initial wave length is related to the sweep “periods”.
Dynamic Stabilization of a Centralized Weak Grid-Tied VSC System Considering PV Generator Dynamics

This paper addresses the instabilities and dynamic interactions in a centralized vector-controlled voltage-source converter interfacing a single-stage utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) generator to a high-impedance grid system. The dynamic resistance of the PV generator is considered, and effective active stabilization methods to guarantee the entire system's stability are proposed. Further, a complete state-space linearized model is developed, and different operating conditions alongside the maximum-power operation (MPO) are considered, such as fixed-voltage operation (FVO) and fixed-current operation (FCO). It is found that with the change of the PV generator operation from the FVO or MPO to the FCO region under the weak grid and nominal dc-link capacitance conditions, the dominant eigenmodes are relocated to the open-right-half-plane of the S-plane. This eventually induces inevitable high- and low-frequency oscillation instabilities. Further, it is found that medium-frequency oscillation instability is induced in the FVO region under a weak grid and reduced dc-link capacitance conditions. Active compensators are proposed to reduce the interaction dynamics and stabilize the entire system by reshaping the converter transfer functions; hence, the Nyquist stability criterion is maintained. Finally, detailed nonlinear time-domain simulation results are provided, showing the effectiveness of the proposed method in preserving the system's stability under a wide range of operation conditions.
Calculating a Factorial ANOVA From Means and Standard Deviations

In this article, I present an alternative formula for the calculation of a factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), which requires only the mean, standard deviation, and size for each cell of the design, rather than the individual scores. This new method allows a modern hand-held calculator to do most of the work, while still giving students the educational experience of working directly with data. An example is given, in which the new method is applied to a published table of data from a two-way unbalanced ANOVA design. I argue that the new formula is not just easier to use than the traditional (raw-score) calculation formula (especially when dealing with higher order factorial designs), but that it is a better teaching tool, and it conveniently allows estimation of effect sizes from means and standard deviations even when the original authors do not present the corresponding F ratios. Although it seems that instructors are moving away from teaching ANOVA calculation in favor of focusing on the interpreta.
Assessing the Diagnostic Accuracy of SD BIOLINE for Detection of Hepatitis C Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a globally widespread ribonucleic acid virus that transmits through blood and sexual contact. Its morbidity and mortality are particularly higher in economically underdeveloped areas. Therefore, an economical and effective diagnostic method for detection of HCV is urgently needed. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the SD BIOLINE rapid diagnostic test for HCV detection. We searched for studies related to SD BIOLINE and HCV in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library and then designed inclusion and exclusion criteria. After extracting valid data, the included literature was evaluated with the quality assessment tool Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. After our data analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic accuracy, summary receiver operating characteristic curve, funnel plot, box plot, and Fagan plot of the diagnostic method were determined. Nine articles with nine sets of data were finally included. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.94 and 0.98, respectively, the positive likelihood ratio was 79.53, the negative likelihood ratio was 0.05, the diagnostic odds ratio was 1590.32, and the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.9958. The SD BIOLINE test has the advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity, low cost, and easy operation for diagnosing HCV. Therefore, we recommend using SD BIOLINE for rapid and effective screening of HCV, which is especially applicable for economically underdeveloped areas.
Sticking to the Subject: Multifunctionality in Microbial Adhesins

Bacterial and fungal adhesins mediate microbial aggregation, biofilm formation, and adhesion to host. We divide these proteins into two major classes: professional adhesins and moonlighting adhesins that have a non-adhesive activity that is evolutionarily conserved. A fundamental difference between the two classes is the dissociation rate. Whereas moonlighters, including cytoplasmic enzymes and chaperones, can bind with high affinity, they usually dissociate quickly. Professional adhesins often have unusually long dissociation rates: minutes or hours. Each adhesin has at least three activities: cell surface association, binding to a ligand or adhesive partner protein, and as a microbial surface pattern for host recognition. We briefly discuss Bacillus subtilis TasA, pilin adhesins, gram positive MSCRAMMs, and yeast mating adhesins, lectins and flocculins, and Candida Awp and Als families. For these professional adhesins, multiple activities include binding to diverse ligands and binding partners, assembly into molecular complexes, maintenance of cell wall integrity, signaling for cellular differentiation in biofilms and in mating, surface amyloid formation, and anchorage of moonlighting adhesins. We summarize the structural features that lead to these diverse activities. We conclude that adhesins resemble other proteins with multiple activities, but they have unique structural features to facilitate multifunctionality.
Non-goniometric scatterometry: a review

During the past decades a lot of research in the field of scatterometry and its applications has been done. Along with the goniometer devices such as the CASI several non-goniometrical approaches have been developed and investigated. Among these one main principle is the mapping of at least parts of the hemisphere onto planar sensors without the need of mechanical movements. This mapping can be realized using dioptrical, catoptrical and catadioptrical systems. In recent years we followed these three principles and built a series of devices based on the continuous optical mapping of the hemisphere to the plane, tested against a reference goniometer system (CASI). The functionality of these devices has been shown for coherent and non-coherent illumination, over VIS, NIR, SWIR and TIR. Monochromatic and hyperspectral measurements have been performed. The current paper gives a review on these systems and introduces some generalization of the optical properties of these devices, concluding in easy-to-handle design rules and concepts.
A Correlation-Based Methodology to Predict the Flow Structure of Flows Emanating from Cylindrical Holes with Application to Film Cooling

Film cooling flows and the proper prediction of their cooling effect play an important role in today’s gas turbine designs. Empirical correlations for laterally veraged film cooling effectiveness are commonly used to predict the cooling effect of the film. These cor relations are applied along streamlines computed from CFD solutions of uncooled flow. However, this a pproach has some inherent flaws, such as neglecting the interaction between the emanating fil m cooling flows and the main flow in the 3D-CFD model or limited confidence in the applicability o f c rrelations developed under experimental conditions to real engine flow situations with stron g secondary flows. Baldauf [2001] has shown that film cooling effectiveness is influenced by a large number of parameters, not all of which are well-known when designing gas turbine components. A sen sitivity study by auf dem Kampe and Völker [2009] shows that even the least significant paramet ers play an important role predicting film cooling effectiveness.
The linearized treatment of general forced gas oscillations in tubes

A general linear theory is presented to describe oscillatory flows of gases and liquids in a tube of circular cross-section, including the effects of radial and tangential pressure gradients as well as the temperature. The basic equations are solved by separation of variables. The resulting eigenvalue equation is extensively discussed whereby the splitting of the eigenvalues into ‘bands’ is obtained in a natural way. A systematic analysis of a number of simplified cases leads to analytic approximations for the eigenvalues over an extended domain of parameter variation (frequency, friction) so that a complete survey of all the eigenvalues is established. Then the problem of satisfying simultaneously arbitrary end-conditions for all flow variables with the obtained bands of eigenfunctions is formulated in a way to allow the application of Galerkin's method. Finally the theory is applied to a few examples of ‘end-layers’ and radial resonance, which cannot be treated by previous theories.
The Role of Oxidative Stress Enhanced by Adiposity in Cardiometabolic Diseases

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), including cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The growing prevalence of CVD is mostly attributed to the aging population and common occurrence of risk factors, such as high systolic blood pressure, elevated plasma glucose, and increased body mass index, which led to a global epidemic of obesity, MetS, and T2D. Oxidant–antioxidant balance disorders largely contribute to the pathogenesis and outcomes of CMDs, such as systemic essential hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, and MetS. Enhanced and disturbed generation of reactive oxygen species in excess adipose tissue during obesity may lead to increased oxidative stress. Understanding the interplay between adiposity, oxidative stress, and cardiometabolic risks can have translational impacts, leading to the identification of novel effective strategies for reducing the CMDs burden. The present review article is based on extant results from basic and clinical studies and specifically addresses the various aspects associated with oxidant–antioxidant balance disorders in the course of CMDs in subjects with excess adipose tissue accumulation. We aim at giving a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge, knowledge gaps, and future perspectives for further basic and clinical research. We provide insights into both the mechanisms and clinical implications of effects related to the interplay between adiposity and oxidative stress for treating and preventing CMDs. Future basic research and clinical trials are needed to further examine the mechanisms of adiposity-enhanced oxidative stress in CMDs and the efficacy of antioxidant therapies for reducing risk and improving outcome of patients with CMDs.
A time-domain network for laser speech bandwidth extension

In the process of signal acquisition by laser microphones, the high frequency components of speech are missing due to nonadditive distortion. In this paper, we proposed an end-to-end speech bandwidth extension (BWE) approach to recover narrow-band speech acquired by laser microphones. Our preliminary research showed that speech enhancement algorithms based on log-magnitude spectrogram in the frequency domain could not achieve satisfactory performance for this task. Therefore, we designed a speech BWE model in time domain, this model was modified by Wave-U-Net structure, we introduced the time convolution module (TCM), the dilation of convolution is helpful to increase receptive field, improves speech long-range correlation, at the same time introduced the multi-resolution loss function (LMSTFT) instead of the mean square error (MSE), the time-domain Wave-U-Net method avoided the decoupling of magnitude and phase in the frequency domain. The results showed that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of speech was improved significantly compared with approach in the frequency domain, and obtained elaborate high-frequency components than frequency-domain convolutional recurrent network (CRN). We chose laser speech to test the model in an actual scene, which further verifies the practicability of the structure through the speech spectrum analysis, and had better performance and generalization ability than the original Wave-U-Net model.
A result on the convolution of distributions

In a recent paper (1), Jones extended the definition of the convolution of two distributions to cover certain pairs of distributions which could not be convolved in the sense of the previous definition. The convolution ω1 * ω2 of two distributions ω1 and ω2 was defined as the limit of the sequence ω1n * ω2n, provided the limit ω exists in the sense that for all fine functions φ in the terminology of Jones (2) where and τ is an infinitely differentiate function satisfying the following conditions:
SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION FROM MULTI-VALUED GRID DATA

The paper presents a graph based combinatorial approach for reconstruction of multi- valued surfaces from the data given in the form of a grid. The input is assumed to be given in the form of a set of quintuplets (i,j,x,y,z) where (i,j) are the grid indices and (x,y,z) are the coordinates of the corresponding point. The given points are first grouped into the sets with identical i-values and sets with identical j-values. For each such set then a novel graph-based curve-fitting algorithm is employed which can generate curves with branch points and discontinuities. These sets of curves are then combinatorially matched to obtain networks of loops, which on tessellation gives the reconstructed surface. The illustrative examples demonstrate that even for apparently simple data set, a topologically wide variety of surfaces can be generated. The present method can handle single valued, multi-valued, manifold, non-manifold surfaces with or without holes.
Matching bias in conditional reasoning : Do we understand it after 25 years ?

The phenomenon known as “matching bias” consists of a tendency to see cases as relevant in logical reasoning tasks when the lexical content of a case matches that of a propositional rule, normally a conditional, which applies to that case. Matching is demonstrated by use of the “negations paradigm”— that is by using conditionals in which the presence and absence of negative components is systematically varied. The phenomenon was first published in 1972 and the present paper reviews the history of research and theorising on the problem in the subsequent 25 years. Theories of matching bias considered include those based on several broad frameworks including the heuristic-analytic theory, the mental models theory, the theory of optimal data selection, and relevance theory as well as the specific processing-negations account. The ability of these theories to account for a range of phenomena is considered, including the effects of linguistic form, realistic content, and explicit negation on the matching bias e.
Examination of Factors Associated With Informal Caregivers’ Reactions to Different Problem Behaviors Among Persons With Alzheimer’s Disease

Problem behaviors among persons with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) have a significant impact on caregivers. However, caregivers’ subjective reaction to the problem behaviors better predicts the caregiving outcomes than the objective frequency of problem behaviors. With a sample recruited from community agencies serving Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) caregivers (n = 108), this study examined the effect of various factors on the caregivers ’reaction to different types of problem behaviors, including demographics, caregivers’ knowledge about the AD, and resilience level, controlling for the frequency of problem behaviors and other caregiving context factors. Caregivers’ reaction to problem behaviors was measured by the Revised Memory and Behavior Problem Checklist. Findings indicated that African American caregivers had a lower level of reactions to disruptive (B = −3.956; p < .01) and depressive behaviors (B = −2.443; p < .05) than white caregivers, but not for memory-loss problems. Age, being spousal caregivers, and knowledge of AD only affected reactions to memory-loss problems but not for other types of behaviors. No effects were observed for personal resilience. Intervention should be tailored to the varied needs of family caregivers to deal with problem behaviors among people with AD to delay institutionalization. More training/resources at the skill level over the information-only caregiver intervention should be promoted.
Analytical evaluation of the Dnestrovskii functions occurring in weakly relativistic, magnetized, and thermal plasmas

In this paper, we established an effective formula for Dnestrovskii functions based on the binomial expansion theorem which frequently appears in a weakly relativistic loss cone distribution, relativistic, magnetized, and thermal plasmas. The obtained formulas are expressed in terms of binomial coefficients and incomplete Gamma functions. Therefore, the proposed approach is a fully useful method to evaluate Dnestrovskii functions and related physical properties of plasmas. Calculation results of the Dnestrovskii functions are compared with other numerical and theoretical models and indicated acceptable agreement. The results of the calculations demonstrate that the derived formula is valid for a wide range of parameters.