Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Death & Morality: The Effect of Mortality Salience on Moral Reasoning

We combine ideas from terror management and moral foundations theories to analyze the role of existential concerns in the amplification of moral concerns. Terror management theory (TMT) is a broad integrative theory involving the role of existential fear in human motivation. TMT posits that humans buffer our inevitable death anxiety by investing in a cultural worldview. TMT research has shown that, when people are reminded of their death, the need to defend their worldview is heightened. Politically, people’s attitudes typically shift toward conservatism when mortality is made salient. Moral foundations theory (MFT) posits that cultures have moral systems that function to suppress or regulate selfishness and make civilized life possible, either by protecting individuals directly or by strengthening (binding) groups and institutions. Across studies, liberals consistently show greater endorsement and use of the individualizing foundations, whereas conservatives endorse all foundations more equally, hence placing comparatively greater value on the binding foundations. Recognizing that morals are an important component of a cultural worldview, we hypothesized that mortality salience would cause a conservative shift in moral concerns by increasing concern for the binding moral foundations. Additionally, we hypothesized that imminent death reminders would have a different effect on moral concerns, causing a decrease in group concerns and therefore less binding morals. Results supported our hypotheses. Implications and future directions will be discussed. Faculty Mentor: Brian L. Burke
Examination of the Dual Processing Model of Psychological Resilience among University Athletes

This study investigated the dual processing model of psychological resilience among university athletes. Participants were 162 university athletes (male ＝ 55, female ＝ 107, mean age ＝ 19.7, SD ＝ 1.2), who were asked to complete a questionnaire containing questions on psychological resilience, self-esteem, burnout, self-evaluation of competitive performance, and athletic growth. Results of structure equation modeling indicated that psychological resilience was negatively associated with burnout via self-esteem and positively associated with athletic growth through self-evaluation of competitive performance. The findings of this study support our hypothesis that university athletes’ psychological resilience promotes growth and reduces burnout.
A high stopband-rejection LTCC filter with multiple transmission zeros

A low-temperature-cofired ceramic (LTCC) bandpass filter with high stopband rejection is presented for multistandard coexisted wireless communication applications, such as the integrated wireless local area network (WLAN)/wavelength code-division multiple access handset, the dual-band triple-mode WLANs, and the global system for mobile communications/global positioning system receivers. By improving the filter cell structure, 2n transmission zeros can be generated to achieve wide-band suppression from cascading n filter cells. The presented method provides the design flexibility of locating these transmission zeros distributed in the lower and upper stopbands. An LTCC bandpass filter with four transmission zeros has been implemented for experimental demonstration. The measured insertion loss is less than 1.5 dB at 2500 MHz, and four transmission zeros are obtained at 1.64, 1.88, 4.36, and 5.32 GHz, respectively. These result in 48-59 dB for lower stopband suppression and 38-55 dB for higher stopband reduction. This paper demonstrates that the proposed filter is extremely suitable for the multiband RF transceivers where the cross-band interference must be adequately reduced.
A New Advanced Backcross Tomato Population Enables High Resolution Leaf QTL Mapping and Gene Identification

Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping is a powerful technique for dissecting the genetic basis of traits and species differences. Established tomato mapping populations between domesticated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and its more distant interfertile relatives typically follow a near isogenic line (NIL) design, such as the S. pennellii Introgression Line (IL) population, with a single wild introgression per line in an otherwise domesticated genetic background. Here, we report on a new advanced backcross QTL mapping resource for tomato, derived from a cross between the M82 tomato cultivar and S. pennellii. This so-called Backcrossed Inbred Line (BIL) population is comprised of a mix of BC2 and BC3 lines, with domesticated tomato as the recurrent parent. The BIL population is complementary to the existing S. pennellii IL population, with which it shares parents. Using the BILs, we mapped traits for leaf complexity, leaflet shape, and flowering time. We demonstrate the utility of the BILs for fine-mapping QTL, particularly QTL initially mapped in the ILs, by fine-mapping several QTL to single or few candidate genes. Moreover, we confirm the value of a backcrossed population with multiple introgressions per line, such as the BILs, for epistatic QTL mapping. Our work was further enabled by the development of our own statistical inference and visualization tools, namely a heterogeneous hidden Markov model for genotyping the lines, and by using state-of-the-art sparse regression techniques for QTL mapping.
Hydrological controls on denitrification in riparian ecosystems

Abstract. Nitrous oxide fluxes and denitrification rates were measured in situ over a year at a riparian site in the UK. An exponential relationship was found between denitrification rates and soil moisture, with a sharp increase in denitrification rate at a water-filled pore space of 60–80%. Similar relationships were found in other studies compiled for comparison. The present study is unique in measuring denitrification in an "intact" ecosystem in the field, rather than in cores in the field or the lab. The exponential relationship between denitrification rate and soil moisture, with a "threshold" at 60–80% water-filled pore space (20–40% gravimetric moisture), has proven to be comparable across a wide range of ecosystems, treatments and study conditions. Whereas moisture content determines the potential for denitrification, the absolute rate of denitrification is determined by available nitrate (NO3-), dissolved organic carbon and temperature. As a first approximation, denitrification rates can be simply modelled by using a general exponential relationship between denitrification potential and water-filled pore space (or volumetric/gravimetric water content) multiplied by a constant value determined by the nitrogen status of the site. As such, it is recommended that the current relationship used in INCA to relate denitrification to soil moisture be amended to an exponential form, with a threshold of approximately 70% for the onset of denitrification. Keywords: nitrous oxide, denitrification, soil moisture, nitrogen, eutrophication, riparian
Assessment of multi-source remote sensing DEMs with RTK-GPS and levelling surveys

High resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) have been used in many applications such as civic planning, military mapping and navigation, natural hazard risk assessment, to name only a few. It has been a long history of using photogrammetry and dense ground surveys to draw the contour lines of the terrain and create the elevation model. Nowadays high precision DEMs with the vertical resolution from several meters to several centimeters can be derived using various remote sensing techniques, such as photogrammetry, radar interferometry, airborne laser scanning (ALS) and high resolution space imaging. Ground control points (GCPs) that are normally obtained using traditional surveying methods and Global Positioning System (GPS) are used for DEM calibration and validation. This paper demonstrated the use of realtime kinematic GPS (RTK-GPS) to measure the elevation of terrain over an open unobstructed area, together with traditional levelling survey data for validating various high precision DEMs. One photogrammetric DEM with 1 arc-second resolution, two repeat-pass interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) DEMs derived from both Cand L-band satellite data, the C-band Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) DEM and lastly a ALS DEM were compared against the RTK-GPS and levelling surveys. The results showed that ALS DEM has the highest height accuracy with a RMS error of less than 0.2m, followed by photogrammetric and SRTM DEMs with the RMS errors of less than 7m and 12m respectively. Finally the repeatpass InSAR DEMs have the RMS errors between 10~30m. The sensitivity of C-band InSAR DEM to the vegetation can also be identified in the results.
Zinc supplementation for treating diarrhea in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE To update the available evidence about zinc use for treating diarrhea in children and to assess its effect on the malnourished population, a subgroup that has not been fully explored in previous analyses. METHODS A systematic review was performed of randomized clinical trials that assessed children up to 5 years old with acute diarrhea who received zinc supplementation. Controls received a placebo or oral rehydration therapy. After searching the main databases, without language restrictions, two independent reviewers selected eligible studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analyses were calculated using Mantel-Haenszel or inverse variance random effects. RESULTS Eighteen of 1 041 studies retrieved were included in the review (n = 7 314 children). Zinc was beneficial for reducing the duration of diarrhea in hours (mean difference [MD] = -20.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -29.15 to -11.09, I² = 91%). The effect was greater in malnourished children (MD = -33.17, 95% CI = -33.55 to -27.79, I² = 0%). Diarrhea prevalence on days 3, 5, and 7 was lower in the zinc group. The incidence of vomiting was significantly greater in the group that received zinc than in the control group. Included randomized controlled trials were of low risk of bias in most domains assessed. CONCLUSIONS Oral zinc supplementation significantly decreases diarrhea duration and has a greater effect on malnourished children. Zinc supplementation seems to be an appropriate public health strategy, mainly in areas of endemic deficiencies.
A Model Based Approach for Policy Tool Generation and Policy Analysis

We outline an approach to policy specification and analysis in which an information model is used as the starting point for semi-automated generation of an integrated suite of languages, tools and an ontology. The suite includes separate domain-specific languages for the specification of systems structure and policies respectively, editors and checkers for these languages, and a baseline ontology that can be augmented with semantic information to support policy analyses processes. We describe a prototypical realisation of the approach, showing how the languages, tools and ontology are used to support policy transformation and conflict detection processes.
Party Identification, Realignment, and Party Voting: Back to the Basics

The argument is presented for defining party identification by the root question, “Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, a Democrat, an independent, or what? ” With this definitional base, the partisan balance between Democrats and Republicans between 1952 and 1980 shows no evidence of realignment outside the South, belying the implications of the Markus-Converse and Fiorina analyses that suggest volatility in response to short-term influences. It also appears that the correlation between party identification and voter choices for president are very constant over time in the South as well as outside the South. Party line voting by party identifiers varies by region and party but did not decrease between 1952 and 1988.
The intermediate-age open cluster NGC 2158

ABSTRA C T We report on UBVRI CCD photometry of two overlapping fields in the region of the intermediate-age open cluster NGC 2158 down to Va 21. By analysing colour ‐colour (CC) and colour ‐magnitude diagrams (CMDs) we infer a reddening EOB 2 VUa0:55 ^ 0:10, a distance of 3600 ^ 400 pc, and an age of about 2 Gyr. Synthetic CMDs constructed with these parameters (but fixing EOB 2 VUa0:60 andâFe=Haa20:60U, and including binaries, field contamination and photometric errors, yield a good description of the observed CMD. The elongated shape of the clump of red giants in the CMD is interpreted as resulting from a differential reddening of about DEOB 2 VUa0:06 across the cluster, in the direction perpendicular to the Galactic plane. NGC 2158 turns out to be an intermediate-age open cluster with an anomalously low metal content. The combination of these parameters, together with the analysis of the cluster orbit, suggests that the cluster belongs to the old thin disc population.
KNOWLEDGE CAPTURE MECHANISMS IN BIOVENTURE CORPORATIONS: A CASE STUDY

Mechanisms of knowledge transfer from academia to industry have long been debated. The knowledge inputs required may stem from research conducted many years prior to a technology being adopted and adapted by industry, and a supporting base of knowledge is required to facilitate this. In this case study we utilise the publishing and patenting history of an individual scientist, and link their output to the technologies with which the scientist is involved. A detailed description of knowledge sources of these technologies is discussed, including the role absorptive capacity plays in priming their development. This study addresses the contributions of the researcher, particularly in relation to the contributions of their academic and industrial co-authors and co-inventors. We find clear linkages, and varied degrees of knowledge transformation, between the technologies in their present form and long-past outputs of the individual, via the publications of the inventor and the literature cited by the patent applications. We also find that the individual demonstrates a high level of absorptive capacity, incorporating and adapting exogenous knowledge into their own knowledge base.
Compromised Outer Membrane Integrity in Vibrio cholerae Type II Secretion Mutants

ABSTRACT The type II secretion (T2S) system of Vibrio cholerae is a multiprotein complex that spans the cell envelope and secretes proteins important for pathogenesis as well as survival in different environments. Here we report that, in addition to the loss of extracellular secretion, removal or inhibition of expression of the T2S genes, epsC-N, results in growth defects and a broad range of alterations in the outer membrane that interfere with its barrier function. Specifically, the sensitivity to membrane-perturbing agents such as bile salts and the antimicrobial peptide polymyxin B is increased, and periplasmic constituents leak out into the culture medium. As a consequence, the σE stress response is induced. Furthermore, due to the defects caused by inactivation of the T2S system, the Δeps deletion mutant of V. cholerae strain N16961 is incapable of surviving the passage through the infant mouse gastrointestinal tract. The growth defect and leaky outer membrane phenotypes are suppressed when the culture medium is supplemented with 5% glucose or sucrose, although the eps mutants remain sensitive to membrane-damaging agents. This suggests that the sugars do not restore the integrity of the outer membrane in the eps mutant strains per se but may provide osmoprotective functions.
Eco‐evolutionary feedback promotes Red Queen dynamics and selects for sex in predator populations

Although numerous hypotheses exist to explain the overwhelming presence of sexual reproduction across the tree of life, we still cannot explain its prevalence when considering all inherent costs involved. The Red Queen hypothesis states that sex is maintained because it can create novel genotypes with a selective advantage. This occurs when the interactions between species induce frequent environmental change. Here, we investigate whether coevolution and eco‐evolutionary feedback dynamics in a predator‐prey system allows for indirect selection and maintenance of sexual reproduction in the predator. Combining models and chemostat experiments of a rotifer‐algae system we show a continuous feedback between population and trait change along with recurrent shifts from selection by predation and competition for a limited resource. We found that a high propensity for sex was indirectly selected and was maintained in rotifer populations within environments containing these eco‐evolutionary dynamics; whereas within environments under constant conditions, predators evolved rapidly to lower levels of sex. Thus, our results indicate that the influence of eco‐evolutionary feedback dynamics on the overall evolutionary change has been underestimated.
A Survey of Research on Automated Trust Negotiation

The proliferation of the Internet has given opportunities on different entities to share resources or conduct business transactions. However, how to establish trust among strangers without prior relationship and common security domain posed much difficulty for these activities. To resolve these problems, a promising approach known as Automated Trust Negotiation (ATN), which establishes trust between strangers with iteratively disclosure of credentials and access control policies, was proposed. In this paper, a comprehensive survey of research on ATN was presented, and some basic techniques, e.g. negotiation model and architecture, access control policy specification, credential description and credential chain discovery, were introduced and compared. Then based on the analysis to the shortcomings and problems of these techniques, the trend of research and application was discussed. All these work may contribute to the further work on trust establishment for entities with privacy protection and autonomy in open internet.
Concluding Essay: Social Activism Against Austerity – The Conditions for Participatory and Deliberative Forms of Democracy

By concluding this special issue on social movements in the transnational public sphere, I want to focus on two core concepts for understanding social mobilization of citizens and the frame of reference in which they are active – citizenship and civic organizations. However, I start with a selective summary of some of the conclusions concerning democracy, participation, and emancipation, which I find most prominent in the articles published in the issue. The first and probably most important conclusion to draw from the empirical analyses presented in this issue concerns the perception of democracy. The experiences and practices of the social movements and activists involved clearly demonstrate that representative democracy is insufficient. There is a strong demand for a participatory and deliberative culture of democracy with more inclusive forms of representation (García Agustín, 2017; Bourne, 2017; Feenstra, 2017): a democratic culture that empowers the citizens with rights as well as duties to be actively involved in decisions that directly affect their living conditions. A meaningful democratic system is a system involving all groups of citizens in a continuous debate and decision-making process concerning the economic, social, and cultural conditions for their living. Most important in this respect is it that the conditions for involving citizens are organized in a way that first of all makes it possible for all individuals to participate irrespective of differences in economic resources, ethnic background, gender, age, and education. Additionally, the claim for democracy also includes a demand for control of governing bodies at local, national, regional, and transnational level. There is a need for redefining politics in the national democratic system reflecting the decisions taken in other countries and transnational institutions (Feenstra, 2017). Here, modern communication technology has created completely new forms of publicity. The public sphere today is not limited to certain enclaves or forced to take place within a narrow geographical and organizational framework. It can easily be developed globally and thus disconnected from the local context and does not have to be tied to a particular public (David & Côrte-Real Pinto, 2017; Bourne, 2017). Another and related conclusion to draw from the empirical studies is the declining confidence in the traditional channels of public decision-making through the representative democratic institutions and by collaborations between the political agencies (Baumgarten & Díez García, 2017; Dunphy, 2017). The activists and their demands do not reject democracy but want ‘real democracy’ and real involvement of ‘the 99% of the population’
Shape functions and power corrections to the event shapes

We show that the leading power corrections to the event shape distributions can be resummed into nonperturbative shape functions that do not depend on the center-of-mass energy and measure the energy flow in the final state. In the case of the thrust variable, the distribution is given by the convolution of the perturbative spectrum with the shape function. Choosing the simplest ansatz for the shape function we find that our predictions for the thrust distribution provide a good description of the data throughout a wide range of energies.
Lafayette Strong: A Content Analysis of Grief and Support Online Following a Theater Shooting

On July 23, 2015, in the Grand 16 Theatre in Lafayette, Louisiana, a gunman opened fire in the 7 o’clock showing of the movie, Trainwreck. Mayci Breaux, 21, and Jillian Johnson, 33, both received fatal wounds. Nine others were injured. As part of a community healing event following the shooting, a Tagboard was established around the hashtag LafayetteStrong. This study was conducted using a content analysis of 493 photographs and images among these posts. Goffman’s dramaturgical analysis provides a framework for these findings to better comprehend the online performance of self for a grieving community. The images of people, objects, and digital images present evidence of an authentic self to a grieving community in the wake of a local tragedy.
Endogenous Trade Policy with Heterogeneous Firms

The present paper modifies the \Protection for Sale" model of Grossman and Helpman (1994) to account for heterogeneous firms lobbying for non-tariff barriers to trade, such as technical standards or certification requirements. They raise the fixed costs of market access for both domestic producers and foreign exporters, force the least efficient firms to exit and shift profits to the most efficient firms. Non-tariff barriers to trade shift profits both within and across countries, but not necessarily to the country in which firms are more productive on average. They decrease social welfare as they reduce competition and product variety, but may nevertheless be implemented if only the largest domestic firms lobby the government. When variable trade costs fall or foreign firms become relatively more competitive, the potential for profit shifting and hence non-tariff barriers to trade decrease. The paper also analyzes the case of international trade negotiations, and it addresses the issue of endogenous lobby formation.