Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of remission as a combination of symptomatic and functional remission and adequate subjective well-being in 2960 patients with schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE Recently, the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group proposed symptomatic remission criteria and pointed to the lack of data regarding functional remission and quality of life in schizophrenia. This post hoc analysis of data from German patients in the Schizophrenia Outpatient Health Outcomes study assessed rates and predictors of symptomatic and functional remission as well as adequate subjective well-being/quality of life in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia. METHOD Data were collected in an observational 24-month follow-up study of 2960 patients with DSM-IV-defined schizophrenia recruited between January and December 2001. Complete remission required that patients achieved symptomatic remission mirroring the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group criteria, functional remission, and a level of adequate subjective well-being over at least 6 months. RESULTS At endpoint, 47.2% of the patients achieved symptomatic remission, 26.6% achieved functional remission, and 42.2% achieved adequate subjective well-being. At endpoint, 12.8% were in complete remission. In 35.1% of patients, none of the 3 remission criteria were achieved. Only 8.7% of early nonremitted cases achieved remission at endpoint. Each single remission component as well as complete remission was mainly predicted by early remission within the first 3 months. First-line treatment with atypical antipsychotics increased the likelihood of complete remission compared to conventional antipsychotics. CONCLUSIONS Despite advances in pharmacologic and psychosocial treatments in schizophrenia, close to 90% of the patients in this study did not fulfill the combined remission criteria. This was in part attributable to the low functional remission rate, particularly the low employment rate. The finding that the course of the disorder depends on early outcome not only in previously untreated but also in more chronically ill patients points toward a critical "window of opportunity" in the course of treatment.
Power awareness for multi-voltage island X-clock tree construction with double-via insertion

This paper proposes an algorithm to construct an X-clock tree with double via insertion that connects several voltage islands for power minimization. We first construct the X-clock tree for each voltage island and make double via insertion for this tree to improve yield and reliability. Then we combine these X-clock trees based on a well-defined connection with inserted level shifters to reduce power. The delay effect due to total number of vias is also accounted. Experimental results show that X-clock tree based on multi-voltage islands has 22.46% and 5.41% respectively in power and delay less than that of single voltage island.
Marked Variability in Reported Minimal Residual Disease Lower Level of Detection of 4 Hematolymphoid Neoplasms: A Survey of Participants in the College of American Pathologists Flow Cytometry Proficiency Testing Program.

CONTEXT Flow cytometry is often applied to minimal residual disease (MRD) testing in hematolymphoid neoplasia. Because flow-based MRD tests are developed in the laboratory, testing methodologies and lower levels of detection (LODs) are laboratory dependent. OBJECTIVES To broadly survey flow cytometry laboratories about MRD testing in laboratories, if performed, including indications and reported LODs. DESIGN Voluntary supplemental questions were sent to the 549 laboratories participating in the College of American Pathologists (CAP) FL3-A Survey (Flow Cytometry-Immunophenotypic Characterization of Leukemia/Lymphoma) in the spring of 2014. RESULTS A total of 500 laboratories (91%) responded to the supplemental questions as part of the FL3-A Survey by April 2014; of those 500 laboratories, 167 (33%) currently perform MRD for lymphoblastic leukemia, 118 (24%) for myeloid leukemia, 99 (20%) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and 91 (18%) for plasma cell myeloma. Other indications include non-Hodgkin lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, neuroblastoma, and myelodysplastic syndrome. Most responding laboratories that perform MRD for lymphoblastic leukemia reported an LOD of 0.01%. For myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and plasma cell myeloma, most laboratories indicated an LOD of 0.1%. Less than 3% (15 of 500) of laboratories reported LODs of 0.001% for one or more MRD assays performed. CONCLUSIONS There is major heterogeneity in the reported LODs of MRD testing performed by laboratories subscribing to the CAP FL3-A Survey. To address that heterogeneity, changes to the Flow Cytometry Checklist for the CAP Laboratory Accreditation Program are suggested that will include new requirements that each laboratory (1) document how an MRD assay's LOD is measured, and (2) include the LOD or lower limit of enumeration for flow-based MRD assays in the final diagnostic report.
CYP26, a Novel Mammalian Cytochrome P450, Is Induced by Retinoic Acid and Defines a New Family*

A novel member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, CYP26, which represents a new family of cytochrome P450 enzymes, has been cloned. CYP26 mRNA is up-regulated during the retinoic acid (RA)-induced neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells in vitro and is transiently expressed by embryonic stem cells undergoing predominantly non-neural differentiation. CYP26 transcript is detectable as early as embryonic day 8.5 in mouse embryos, suggesting a function for the gene in early development. CYP26 is expressed in mouse and human liver, as expected for a cytochrome P450, and is also expressed in regions of the brain and the placenta. Acute administration of 100 mg/kg all-trans-RA increases steady-state levels of transcript in the adult liver, but not in the brain. CYP26 is highly homologous to a Zebrafish gene, CYPRA1, which has been proposed to participate in the degradation of RA, but is minimally homologous to other mammalian cytochrome P450 proteins. Thus, we report the cloning of a member of a novel cytochrome P450 family that is expressed in mammalian embryos and in brain and is induced by RA in the liver.
The Autonomic Nervous System in Cardiac Electrophysiology: An Elegant Interaction and Emerging Concepts

The autonomic nervous system plays an integral role in the modulation of normal cardiac electrophysiology. This is achieved via a complex network of pre- and postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers that synapse on extrinsic and intrinsic cardiac ganglia and ultimately directly innervate cardiac myocytes. Alterations in autonomic tone may induce changes in local cellular electrophysiology that may manifest clinically in a number of ways, ranging from changes in heart rate to changes in heart rhythm. These relationships between autonomic tone and the evolution of cardiac dysrhythmias are areas of evolving research, with increasing evidence for a key role for autonomic ganglia in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation and sympathetic nerves in the predilection toward ventricular tachycardia in areas of myocardial scar. In this review, we highlight what is known about the anatomy and physiology of the cardiac autonomic nervous system, the evidence supporting the relationship of autonomic tone to clinically significant arrhythmias, and a variety of mechanisms (eg, direct ion channel effects) and diagnostic tools that exist to help define this relationship. Further emphasized are potential future avenues of research needed to elucidate the relationship between changes in normal autonomic tone and the pathogenesis of cardiac arrhythmias.
Correlation of Rates of Calcium Entry and Release of Endogenous Norepinephrine in Rat Brain Region Synaptosomes

Abstract: Voltage‐dependent 45Ca2+ uptake and endogenous norepinephrine (NE) release were measured simultaneously in synaptosomes isolated from rat hypothalamus, brainstem, and cerebellum at 1, 3, 5, 15, and 30 s. In synaptosomes depolarized by 125 mM KCl, 45Ca2+ uptake and NE release exhibited fast and slow components. Rates of NE release and 45Ca2+ uptake were fastest from 0 to 1 s. NE release and 45Ca2+ uptake rates from 1 to 5 s were <15% of 0–1 s rates. Both resting (5 mM KCl) and depolarization‐induced (125 mM KCl) NE release paralleled 45Ca2+ uptake from 1 to 30 s. Voltage‐dependent NE release was approximately 1% and 2% of total synaptosomal NE content at 1‐ and 30‐s measurement intervals, respectively, and did not differ between the three brain regions studied. Calcium and potassium dependence studies showed that NE release was stimulated by increased potassium and that depolarization‐induced NE release was dependent on the presence of external calcium. These results show that calcium‐dependent NE release from synaptosomes is correlated with calcium entry. Both processes exhibit fast and slow temporal components.
Obtaining Utility Estimates of the Health Value of Commonly Prescribed Treatments for Asthma and Depression

Background. Comparing the costs and health value associated with alternative quality improvement efforts is useful. This study employs expert panel methodology to elicit numerical estimates based on a 0 to 1 utility scale of the health benefit of usual treatment patterns for 2 medical conditions. Method. The approach includes development of clinical profiles and derivation of treatment benefit estimates via the elicitation of utility ratings before and after treatment. Clinical profiles specified characteristics of patient groups, treatments to be rated, and their combinations. A panel of 13 asthma and depression experts made a series of utility ratings (before any new treatment, 1 or 3 mo later with no treatment, 1 or 3 mo after initiating various common treatments) for adult patient groups with depression or asthma. The panel convened to discuss discrepancies and subsequently made final ratings. Treatment benefit estimates were derived from the ratings made by the panelists after the panel meeting. Results. The treatment benefit estimates had face validity and minimal variability, indicating considerable consensus among experts. Treatment benefit estimates ranged from −0.03 to 0.25 for depression and from −0.04 to 0.24 for asthma. There was minimal variation in the estimates for both conditions (the estimates' standard deviations ranged from 0.01 to 0.06). Comparisons of the treatment benefit estimates before and after the expert panel meeting indicated substantial convergence, and evidence suggests that the benefit estimates are comparable across the 2 health conditions. Conclusion. Comparable estimates of treatment benefit for distinct health conditions can be obtained from experts using the expert panel methodology.
Do Investors Use the Olympics as a Category for Investment and Should They?

There is a seven year period between the time that a country first learns that it has won a bid to host the Olympics to the playing of the games. We investigate whether investors use the Olympics as a category for investment over this time period. We examine two hosting countries: China in 2008 and the UK in 2012, and identify a set of stocks from a broad range of industries that are mentioned by media outlets as either directly or indirectly involved in the Olympics. We find that in both countries, Olympic stocks exhibit increases in comovement of returns after the Olympics are announced and declines in comovement after the games are played. We also find that Olympic stocks earn large excess returns when the stock market has performed well, consistent with investors moving funds into these stocks after observing strong past stock price performance. However, these excess returns are lost in subsequent market downturns. Further, evidence suggests that the Olympic Games have little impact on cash flows or earnings. Overall, our evidence suggests that Olympic "euphoria" is sufficient in both China and the UK to influence stock returns and valuations but the overall fundamental benefits of the Olympics are small.
The Structure of Multidimensional Perfectionism: Support for a Bifactor Model With a Dominant General Factor

ABSTRACT Evidence suggests perfectionism is a multidimensional construct composed of 2 higher order factors: perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns. However, the substantial overlap between perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns is problematic, as are the unanswered questions regarding the structure of perfectionism following removal of common variance. This research addressed this through bifactor modeling. Three student samples (N = 742) completed Hewitt and Flett's (1991) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Frost, Marten, Lahart, and Rosenblate's (1990) Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and Slaney, Rice, Mobley, Trippi, and Ashby's (2001) Almost Perfect Scale–Revised. Greater support was consistently found for the bifactor model, relative to the 2-factor model. Results suggest the bifactor model best represents the structure of perfectionism and provide preliminary support for the use of a general factor score. Researchers are cautioned that removal of general variance may render the reliability of specific factors (i.e., perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns) suspect.
National Prevalence and Incidence Study: 6‐Year Sequential Acute Care Data

OBJECTIVETo provide health care organizations with a benchmark to measure pressure ulcer prevalence and incidence. SUBJECTSMedical, surgical, and intensive care unit patients at participating health care organizations. DESIGNPressure ulcer prevalence was measured during a predetermined 24-hour period at each participating health care organization, using a standardized data collection form. Incidence was measured over the average length of stay determined for each participating health care organization. Patient demographics, pressure ulcer stages, pressure ulcer locations, and contributing factors were collected during the study. Collected data forms were audited prior to being submitted to a central site for database entry, analysis, and report generation. RESULTSPressure ulcer prevalence ranged from a low of 14% (2001 and 2002) to a high of 17% (1999). Incidence ranged from a low of 7% (2001, 2003, 2004) to a high of 9% (2000). Comprehensive reports were delivered to the participating health care organizations, with each health care organization's data compiled to create a comparison database. CONCLUSIONA standardized methodology for prevalence and incidence study data collection/reporting has been developed and used in successive studies and years. This provides a tool to help health care organizations measure the effectiveness of interventions, improve patient outcomes on an ongoing basis, and begin trending analysis.
Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Increase Fibrosis in the Liver of Patients With Genotype 1 HCV Infection

OBJECTIVES:Metabolic factors may affect the course of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Insulin resistance (IR) determines steatosis, but its direct role in affecting progression of hepatic fibrosis is less clear. We aimed to assess whether increasing degrees of IR, up to overt diabetes, are linked to steatosis and higher stages of fibrosis in patients with CHC resulting from genotype 1 HCV (G1-HCV). METHODS:Two hundred one consecutive patients with G1-HCV infection were evaluated by liver biopsy and anthropometric and metabolic measurements, including IR, by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Nondiabetic patients were defined as insulin resistant if HOMA-IR was >2.7. All biopsies were scored by one pathologist for staging and grading (Scheuer), and graded for steatosis.RESULTS:Ninety-six patients were noninsulin resistant (group 1), 76 were insulin resistant without diabetes (group 2), and 29 were diabetic (group 3). At multivariate analysis, fibrosis of ≥3 was independently associated with high necroinflammatory activity (odds ratio [OR] 2.994, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.422–6.098), low platelets (OR 0.994, 95% CI 0.981–0.999), low cholesterol (OR 0.987, 95% CI 0.976–0.998), high ferritin (OR 1.002, 95% CI 1.001–1.004), and a high prevalence of IR (OR 2.692, 95% CI 1.463–4.954). Diabetic patients were twice as likely to have severe fibrosis (60%) than those with IR but no diabetes (30%) (P = 0.006). The degree of steatosis and that of fibrosis were weakly associated with each other (P = 0.42). CONCLUSIONS:In subjects with CHC resulting from G1-HCV, IR and overt diabetes are major determinants of advanced fibrosis, regardless of the degree of steatosis, mainly in the presence of severe necroinflammation.
Human Capital Development Strategies for the Tourism, Hospitality, and Leisure Industry

Human Capital Development Strategies for the Tourism, Hospitality, and Leisure Industry by Abimbola Peter Alamu MSc, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK, 2010 MEM, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 2008 PGDip, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, 2000 BTech, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, 1997 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University June 2016 Abstract A shortage of skilled labor could cost the tourism, hospitality, and leisure industry (THL) a loss of $610 billion and 14 million jobs by 2024. The literature contains the contributions of specialist THL institutions but not that of the industry leaders to ameliorating this human capital (HC) challenge. The purpose of this multicase study was to explore the HC productivity strategies used by THL business leaders in Nigeria thatA shortage of skilled labor could cost the tourism, hospitality, and leisure industry (THL) a loss of $610 billion and 14 million jobs by 2024. The literature contains the contributions of specialist THL institutions but not that of the industry leaders to ameliorating this human capital (HC) challenge. The purpose of this multicase study was to explore the HC productivity strategies used by THL business leaders in Nigeria that improved employee productivity despite the lack of specialist THL institutions. The human capital theory (HCT) was the conceptual framework of the study. Coding of data derived from semistructured interviews with 3 THL industry leaders followed the modified Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method. Triangulation of the interview data, site observations and company documents resulted in 5 strategy themes. The study indicated that recruiting persons with essential social capital, inducting them into high ethical standards, providing in-house training, motivating with reward and recognition, and adoption of affordable technologies are key industry strategies for THL HC development. The study findings can be adopted into THL organizations human resource management strategies and as input for training managers in the THL industry. The results of this study may contribute to social change by keeping more people gainfully engaged, increasing the dignity and prosperity of THL employees and their families, and reducing the undesirable effects of unemployment such as the high crime rate in southern Nigeria. Human Capital Development Strategies for the Tourism, Hospitality, and Leisure Industry by Abimbola Peter Alamu MSc, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK, 2010 MEM, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, 2008 PGDip, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, 2000 BTech, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, 1997 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration
Molecular Biology of Degenerative Disc Disease

THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC is a complex anatomic and biochemical structure. It is composed primarily of fibrocytes and chondrocytes that are anatomically segregated in an elaborate avascular macromolecular matrix of collagen and proteoglycans. Degenerative processes associated with aging and trauma result in morphological and molecular changes to the disc. Morphological changes are observed as dehydration, fissuring, and tearing of the nucleus, annulus, and endplates. On the molecular level, degenerative changes include decreased diffusion, decreased cell viability, decreased proteoglycan synthesis, and alteration in collagen distribution. The role of inflammatory mediators in these processes, and the potential use of growth factors to delay or reverse the degenerative cascade, is poorly understood. However, these areas are under active investigation, the results of which may soon contribute significantly to our understanding of degenerative disc disease.
Multi-function logic synthesis of silicon and beyond-silicon ultra-low power pass-gates circuits

Pass-gates logic is known to be intrinsically more energy efficient than static CMOS. This feature attracted the research interest over the years and many working implementations have been demonstrated. Recent works, in particular, have shown that pass-gates logic is well suited for ultra-low power adiabatic circuits mapped on emerging technologies. Despite the progress made, several design issues still prevent pass-gates logic circuits reaching large scale integration. In this work we deal with the lack of synthesis tools and methodologies. We propose a multi-function decomposition engine that yields (i) an efficient abstract circuit modeling through a more compact data-structure, the Multi-Function Pass Diagram (MFPD) and (ii) an effective multi-gate area/delay-driven low-power synthesis&optimization flow. Simulation results conducted on different technologies, i.e., silicon and graphene, demonstrate that logic circuits synthesized with the proposed tool are smaller in size and depth, hence less power consuming and faster than circuits obtained through conventional synthesis flows based on Binary Decision Diagrams.
Hyperexpression of Foxp3 and IDO During Acute Rejection of Islet Allografts

Background. We investigated the hypothesis that Foxp3+ cells are an integral component of antiallograft immunity but are dominated by pathogenic effectors. Methods. Wild-type H-2b C57BL/6 (B6) mice or B6 mice with a targeted disruption of c-Rel gene (c-Rel−/−) were used as recipients of islet grafts from allogeneic DBA/2 (H-2d) mice or syngeneic B6 mice. We developed kinetic quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays and measured intragraft expression of mRNA for Foxp3, IDO, cytolytic molecules, proinflammatory cytokines, and chemokines/receptors. Results. Intraislet levels of mRNA for Foxp3, IDO, CD3, CD25, tumor necrosis factor-&agr;, RANTES, IP-10, and CXCR3 were highest in DBA/2 islet allografts from WT B6 recipients compared to DBA/2 islet allografts from c-Rel−/− B6 recipients or syngeneic B6 islet grafts from WT B6 mice. The ratio of granzyme B or IFN-gamma to Foxp3 was higher with the DBA/2 islet allografts from the WT B6 recipients compared to DBA/2 islet allografts from c-Rel−/− B6 recipients or B6 islet grafts from WT B6 recipients. Conclusions. Foxp3+ cells are an integral component of acute rejection of allografts but may be dominated by pathogenic effectors.
Social Networks and Protest Participation: Evidence from 93 Million Twitter Users

Pinning down the role of social ties in the decision to protest has been notoriously elusive, largely due to data limitations. The era of social media and its global use by protesters offers an unprecedented opportunity to observe real-time social ties and online behavior, though often without an attendant measure of real-world behavior. We collect data on Twitter activity during the 2015 Charlie Hebdo protests in Paris which, unusually, record both real-world protest attendance and high-resolution network structure. We specify a theory of participation in which an individual’s decision depends on her exposure to others’ intentions, and network position determines exposure. Our findings are strong and consistent with this theory, showing that, relative to comparable Twitter users, protesters are significantly more connected to one another via direct, indirect, triadic, and reciprocated ties. These results offer the first large-scale empirical support for the claim that social network structure influences protest participation.