Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early Intervention Experiences of Families of Children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Qualitative Pilot Study.

The purpose of this study was to obtain an understanding of the unique experiences of families who have a young child at risk for or identified with an autism spectrum disorder and their experiences with early intervention. Thirty-nine parents of children with or at risk for an autism spectrum disorder receiving Part C services in a state in the southeastern United States participated in the study. Responses to four openended questions regarding experiences with early intervention were analyzed using qualitative research methodology. Results suggested that families have different experiences related to their participation in services and interactions with service providers, as well as varying feelings about services. Implications for service providers are discussed in relation to recognizing the importance of family participation, matching services to the needs of the family, and incorporating interpersonal skills into early intervention practice with families of young children with autism spectrum disorder.
Motor current signatures and their envelopes as tools for fault diagnosis

AbstractInduction motor inter-turn short circuit stator fault is identified using motor current signals with the help of Discrete Wavelet Transform along with Power Spectral Density. This methodology is adopted for motor current signals and their envelopes in order to identify a better tool for fault diagnosis. First, the analysis is performed using the original stator current signal, which has the fundamental frequency components along with the slip frequency and other harmonic/fault components. The fundamental component in the stator current can be eliminated by using the envelope of the signal. The transient in the wavelet decomposition can be suppressed by modifying the current envelope. This is done by pre-multiplying the original envelope with the Tukey window. The Power Spectral Density is calculated for both the signatures. Comparison of these two methods show that the proposed analysis based on modified envelope using Discrete Wavelet Transform along with Power Spectral Density offers better resu.
Investigating different challenges in construction projects

Article history: Received May 12, 2013 Received in revised format 25 June 2013 Accepted 27 June 2013 Available online June 29 2013 One of the most important issues on construction projects is to make sure that the project is completed on time. In this paper, we present an empirical investigation to verify the effects of four factors namely procedures, technical factors, financial strength and domestic affairs on creating delay on completion of projects. The study uses two measures of Pearson and Spearman correlation tests to examine all hypotheses of the survey. The study designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 40 experts chosen from managers and specialists in railroad construction projects in Iran. The results have confirmed that all four factors influence on creating possible delay on such project, significantly. © 2013 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Characterization and comparative evaluation of novel planar electromagnetic sensors

The characterization of three types of novel planar electromagnetic sensors: 1) meander; 2) mesh; and 3) interdigital configuration, has been studied and their comparative performance has been evaluated based on their areas of applications. All of them are suitable for inspection and evaluation of system properties without destroying them. The experiments on fabricated sensors have been conducted and the results are presented here. The target application is to use a mixture of different types of sensors to detect plastic landmines.
Urban Principals: A Critical Perspective on the Context of Minority Student Dropout

This research builds on the school effects literature concerning student dropout and critically examines the views of urban principals on student dropout. This study explores three interrelated questions: How do principals define the problem of student dropout? What are their current practices and proposed solutions to address student dropout? and How does the perceived context of the dropout problem inform these practices and solutions? Using a combination of theoretical perspectives, the authors analyzed principal interviews and questionnaire data in eight racially diverse secondary schools. The findings suggest that principals' perceptions and accompanying silence or actions may perpetuate relationships that contribute to student dropout and unequal power relations in society.
A CMOS IC-based multisite measuring system for stimulation and recording in neural preparations in vitro

In this report, we describe the system integration of a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit (IC) chip, capable of both stimulation and recording of neurons or neural tissues, to investigate electrical signal propagation within cellular networks in vitro. The overall system consisted of three major subunits: a 5.0 × 5.0 mm CMOS IC chip, a reconfigurable logic device (field-programmable gate array, FPGA), and a PC. To test the system, microelectrode arrays (MEAs) were used to extracellularly measure the activity of cultured rat cortical neurons and mouse cortical slices. The MEA had 64 bidirectional (stimulation and recording) electrodes. In addition, the CMOS IC chip was equipped with dedicated analog filters, amplification stages, and a stimulation buffer. Signals from the electrodes were sampled at 15.6 kHz with 16-bit resolution. The measured input-referred circuitry noise was 10.1 μ V root mean square (10 Hz to 100 kHz), which allowed reliable detection of neural signals ranging from several millivolts down to approximately 33 μ Vpp. Experiments were performed involving the stimulation of neurons with several spatiotemporal patterns and the recording of the triggered activity. An advantage over current MEAs, as demonstrated by our experiments, includes the ability to stimulate (voltage stimulation, 5-bit resolution) spatiotemporal patterns in arbitrary subsets of electrodes. Furthermore, the fast stimulation reset mechanism allowed us to record neuronal signals from a stimulating electrode around 3 ms after stimulation. We demonstrate that the system can be directly applied to, for example, auditory neural prostheses in conjunction with an acoustic sensor and a sound processing system.
The Tyranny of localism: Indigenous participation in community-based environmental management

Abstract This paper examines the claim that community-based environmental management is fairer and more democratic than so-called ‘top-down’ approaches. The paper examines the experience of Australian indigenous peoples with a national, community-based environmental management programme. The analysis of the programme reveals systemic marginalization of indigenous peoples. The paper suggests that ‘bottom-up’ governance serves to magnify the importance of local material and symbolic contests in which indigenous groups are engaged. Community-based environmental management can fail precisely because of what many of its advocates take to be its more democratic quality: its localism.
The response of the lymphatic tissue to the microbial flora. Studies on germfree mice.

The qualitative and quantitative morphologic pattern of lymph nodes and spleen in germfree and conventional mice has been investigated by histologic, histochemical and immunocytochemical techniques. Particu-lar attention has been given to those elements which differ in germfree and conventional mice and, therefore, reflect the influence of the microbial flora. The definition of these morphologic manifestations of physiologic reactions in relation to the environment has been the specific ob-jective of this study. a medullary plasma
A origem do homem americano vista a partir da América do Sul: uma ou duas migrações?

Ate meados da decada de 1990, predominava na literatura especializada que o Novo Mundo teria sido colonizado por tres levas distintas, todas com origem no nordeste asiatico. Na segunda metade da decada, dois modelos alternativos comecaram a desfrutar de grande popularidade entre a comunidade academica internacional. O primeiro deles, denominado "Modelo dos Dois Componentes Biologicos Principais", baseado na variabilidade craniometrica de populacoes nativas americanas extintas, sugere que a America teria sido colonizada por pelo menos duas populacoes morfologicamente distintas vindas do nordeste asiatico. O segundo, gerado por pesquisas sobre a variabilidade do DNA mitocondrial e do cromossomo Y de populacoes indigenas atuais, defende que o continente americano teria sido colonizado por apenas uma migracao, tambem de origem asiatica. Alguns especialistas acreditam que a compatibilizacao desses dois modelos e simples: as duas morfologias que se sucederam no tempo no Novo Mundo sao resultado de um processo microevolutivo local, independente daquele que ocorreu, em paralelo, na Asia. Uma outra maneira de compatibilizar os dois cenarios e assumir que morfologia craniana e linhagens de DNA sao entidades evolutivamente independentes, com historias, modos, tempos e tendencias proprias. Este trabalho apresenta novas evidencias de que dois padroes morfologicos cranianos de fato se sucederam no Novo Mundo. Um relacionado as populacoes mais antigas (paleoindias) e um relacionado a populacoes arcaicas e agrocerâmicas. Esses resultados sao analisados a luz da discussao acima caracterizada.
Flipping a genetic switch by subunit exchange

The bacteriophage T4 AsiA protein is a multifunctional protein that simultaneously acts as both a repressor and activator of gene expression during the phage life cycle. These dual roles with opposing transcriptional consequences are achieved by modification of the host RNA polymerase in which AsiA binds to conserved region 4 (SR4) of σ70, altering the pathway of promoter selection by the holoenzyme. The mechanism by which AsiA flips this genetic switch has now been revealed, in part, from the three‐dimensional structure of AsiA and the elucidation of its interaction with SR4. The structure of AsiA is that of a novel homodimer in which each monomer is constructed as a seven‐helix bundle arranged in four overlapping helix—loop—helix elements. Identification of the protein interfaces for both the AsiA homodimer and the AsiA—σ70 complex reveals that these interfaces are coincident. Thus, the AsiA interaction with σ70 necessitates that the AsiA homodimer dissociate to form an AsiA—SR4 heterodimer, exchanging one protein subunit for another to alter promoter choice by RNA polymerase.
Biomolecular Force Field Parameterization via Atoms-in-Molecule Electron Density Partitioning

Molecular mechanics force fields, which are commonly used in biomolecular modeling and computer-aided drug design, typically treat nonbonded interactions using a limited library of empirical parameters that are developed for small molecules. This approach does not account for polarization in larger molecules or proteins, and the parametrization process is labor-intensive. Using linear-scaling density functional theory and atoms-in-molecule electron density partitioning, environment-specific charges and Lennard-Jones parameters are derived directly from quantum mechanical calculations for use in biomolecular modeling of organic and biomolecular systems. The proposed methods significantly reduce the number of empirical parameters needed to construct molecular mechanics force fields, naturally include polarization effects in charge and Lennard-Jones parameters, and scale well to systems comprised of thousands of atoms, including proteins. The feasibility and benefits of this approach are demonstrated by computing free energies of hydration, properties of pure liquids, and the relative binding free energies of indole and benzofuran to the L99A mutant of T4 lysozyme.
Effects of observer's own status on reactions to a high achiever's failure: Deservingness, resentment, schadenfreude, and sympathy

This study used deservingness theory to investigate the effects of assigned status on reactions to a high achiever's success and on both pleasure or schadenfreude and sympathy following the high achiever's failure. Deservingness was manipulated by varying the amount of effort, high or low, associated with performance outcome. Participants were 251 undergraduates who role-played a student whose academic performance status was either low, average, or high. Results showed that lower assigned status was associated with more resentment and less pleasure concerning the performance outcomes of both role-player and high achiever, and with more reported schadenfreude and less sympathy for the failed high achiever. Schadenfreude was also predicted by resentment and displeasure related to the deservingness of the high achiever and by a wish to denigrate the high achiever.
Pondering Purpose: The Search for Meaning in Life as Motivated Social Cognition

The search for meaning in life has been considered a fundamental human motivation (Frankl, 1963). Although research has pointed toward the importance of the search for meaning in life, the basic processes through which it emerges remain unclear. Because the search for meaning entails schema formation in which one connects individual experiences into a coherent framework (Steger, Oishi, & Kesebir, 2011), and abstract thought instigates the organization of information into such knowledge structures (Trope & Liberman, 2010), we predicted that abstract thought would increase the search for meaning in life. Moreover, we predicted that figuratively removing oneself from the here and now would also heighten the search for meaning. Importantly, we predicted that because schema formation is effortful (Shallice & Burgess, 1996), abstract thought and psychological distance would increase the search for meaning to a greater extent when willingness to exert effort is high rather than low. Nine experiments corroborated these predictions, supporting a view of the search for meaning as motivated social cognition.
Evolutionary Dynamics of Insertion Sequences in Helicobacter pylori

ABSTRACT Prokaryotic insertion sequence (IS) elements behave like parasites in terms of their ability to invade and proliferate in microbial gene pools and like symbionts when they coevolve with their bacterial hosts. Here we investigated the evolutionary history of IS605 and IS607 of Helicobacter pylori, a genetically diverse gastric pathogen. These elements contain unrelated transposase genes (orfA) and also a homolog of the Salmonella virulence gene gipA (orfB). A total of 488 East Asian, Indian, Peruvian, and Spanish isolates were screened, and 18 and 14% of them harbored IS605 and IS607, respectively. IS605 nucleotide sequence analysis (n = 42) revealed geographic subdivisions similar to those of H. pylori; the geographic subdivision was blurred, however, due in part to homologous recombination, as indicated by split decomposition and homoplasy tests (homoplasy ratio, 0.56). In contrast, the IS607 populations (n = 44) showed strong geographic subdivisions with less homologous recombination (homoplasy ratio, 0.2). Diversifying selection (ratio of nonsynonymous change to synonymous change, ≫1) was evident in ∼15% of the IS605 orfA codons analyzed but not in the IS607 orfA codons. Diversifying selection was also evident in ∼2% of the IS605 orfB and ∼10% of the IS607 orfB codons analyzed. We suggest that the evolution of these elements reflects selection for optimal transposition activity in the case of IS605 orfA and for interactions between the OrfB proteins and other cellular constituents that potentially contribute to bacterial fitness. Taken together, similarities in IS elements and H. pylori population genetic structures and evidence of adaptive evolution in IS elements suggest that there is coevolution between these elements and their bacterial hosts.
The spread of EIL: a testing time for testers

This article argues that recent changes in both users and uses of English have become so far-reaching that a major rethink of English language teaching teaching goals is called for. It goes on to claim, however, that this will first require a substantial overhaul of English language testing, given that teachers and learners alike will be reluctant to embrace any curriculum change that is not reflected in the targets set by the major examination boards.
Play as Exploratory Learning: Studies of Curiosity Behavior

The 'make-believe' nature of play-the realisation that the player is only temporarily committed to a particular set of circumstancesmakes it a useful therapeutic device for handicapped children and adolescents who are made anxious by the 'for keeps' demands of the real world. Such children also respond to carefully structured play in which their development can proceed at an individual pace. Written by six occupational therapists, this book (whose title is misleading) contributes to an awareness of the importance of play for the 'deficit child' and to the actual implementation of therapeutic play. Shirley Michelman provides a Play Agenda to ensure that the development of sensory, perceptual and intellectual behaviour will be fostered in a balanced manner. Nancy Takata offers a model for taking a Play History for a child; based on this, an individualized Play Prescription can be devised to direct the therapist's efforts more effectively. Susan Knox, recognizing that play reflects general development, presents a Play Scale of what can be expected at different levels of maturity. Janith Hurff addresses the middle-childhood period with an inventory that determines whether a child performsfour kinds of play skills acceptably or unacceptably. Phillip Shannon is concerned with decision-making play as a means of helping emotionally-immature adolescents to choose a future occupation. In addition, there are three lengthy prefatory chapters by the book's editor. These are historical and theoretical and are of potential interest to persons like myself who find the subject of play fascinating and provocative because of its implications for an understanding of art and creativity. Mary Reilly is aware of the significance of play not only for individual therapy but in a broader sense; for example, she describes ways in which play is important to survival. She considers leisure, along with education, to be of crucial importance for contemporary social transformationand she asserts that play provides numerous opportunities for changing as well as adapting to reality. Her survey of biological, psychological and socio-cultural explanations given for behaviour of play is wide-ranging and up-to-date and the implications for play of systems analysis and game theory are included in her purview. Unfortunately, the complex subject is made more perplexing by confused syntax, faulty grammar, atrocious jargon, befuddled presentation and many minor errors. These shortcomings are regrettable, for the field of play can offer insight into many subjects, some of them of vital significance to human life.
The Relevance of Micro Places to Citywide Robbery Trends: A Longitudinal Analysis of Robbery Incidents at Street Corners and Block Faces in Boston

Robbery, and the fear it inspires, has a profound effect on the quality of life in certain urban neighborhoods. Recent advances in criminological research suggest that there is significant clustering of crime in micro places, or ‘‘hot spots,’’ that generate a disproportionate amount of criminal events in a city. In this article, the authors use growth curve regression models to uncover distinctive developmental trends in robbery incidents at street segments and intersections in Boston over a 29-year period. The authors find that robberies are highly concentrated at a small number of street segments and intersections rather than spread evenly across the urban landscape over the study time period. Roughly 1 percent and 8 percent of street segments and intersections in Boston are responsible for nearly 50 percent of all commercial robberies and 66 percent of all street robberies, respectively, between 1980 and 2008. Our findings suggest that citywide robbery trends may be best understood by examining micro-level trends at a relatively small number of places in urban environments.
Evidence for the distinction between “consonantal-/r/” and “vocalic-/r/” in American English

Abstract We examine the distinction between “consonantal-r” and “vocalic-r” in American English, terms encountered in the speech pathology literature but rarely in phonetic studies. We review evidence from phonetics, phonology and therapy, and describe our own study which measured percentage rhoticity in pre- and post-vocalic /r/. We suggest that the evidence supports a view that there is no more variation between pre-vocalic and post-vocalic /r/ than found in many other consonants. We also evaluate the different transcription traditions for post-vocalic /r/ in American English (as a consonant or a vowel), and describe a preliminary study demonstrating that these transcriptions are not equivalent, and denote different realisations.
All you need is trust? A critical review of the trust and entrepreneurship literature

This article critically reviews the literature pertaining to trust and entrepreneurship, highlighting the diversity and complexity of this construct. In addition, the interdependency of trust with context, as well as its dual nature in relation to control and as a sanctioning mechanism, is explored. Trust can be both a dispositional and a behavioural outcome; ‘genuine’ (personal) trust, sanctions and control coexist and co-evolve within and across different contexts. Trust influences entrepreneurship, not always positively, but entrepreneurial behaviour also has an impact on levels of personal and institutional trust. Future studies of trust and entrepreneurship need to acknowledge the bright and dark sides of trust, its duality and the different contexts in which it occurs. Ultimately, we need to develop a far more critical analysis of the importance and role of trust in the context of entrepreneurship.
New formulation for an industrial robot force controller: Real-time implementation on a KUKA robot

In this paper, a new formulation is proposed for the design of a force controller for an industrial robot. The model takes into account the complete kinematics of the system and the position response of the industrial robot controller. The proposed formulation is used to design and implement a PI controller on a KUKA robot for two different stiffness environments. Good results are obtained by using dominant pole placement method for the controller design.
Wide-band microwave propagation parameters using circular and linear polarized antennas for indoor wireless channels

Results of experiments using a variety of antennas inside several buildings are presented. Path loss models for the 1.3 GHz and 4.0 GHz bands that show little difference in indoor path loss throughout the low-microwave region are discussed. Results show that line-of-sight (LOS) channels offer significantly more cross-polarization discrimination than obstructed channels. A profound result is that directional circularly polarized (CP) antennas always reduce RMS delay spread when compared to omnidirectional and directional linearly polarized (LP) antennas in LOS. The variation of RMS delay spread as a mobile moves over several wavelengths is also greatly reduced when CP antennas are used. >