Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Le taux d'escompte à long terme en tenant compte de la production

The thesis explores the impact of heterogeneous beliefs on the equilibrium characteristics prevailing in economies made of irrational agents. In the first part, an economy providing investment opportunities in production of unrestricted supply and a bond of zero supply to both an optimist and a pessimist is analyzed at the equilibrium. The optimist's (pessimist's) optimal investment in the production and the bond turn out higher (lower) and lower (higher), respectively, than in the rational case. The equilibrium risk free rate is a wealth share weighted average of the homogeneous rates, the rates prevailing in the single agent economies, and it undergoes pro-cyclical fluctuations within bounds defined by the optimist's (upper) and the pessimist's rate (lower). Higher divergence of beliefs not only leads to larger fluctuations of the risk free rate but also increases the fraction of total wealth invested in the bond. Finally, an agent's impact on the equilibrium characteristics is highest for near zero personal wealth. In the second part, the equilibrium characteristics of an economy made of agents, with subjective and heterogeneous beliefs, are studied. The agents, as a group rational, share an endowment driven by two sources of risk. The market prices of risk and the risk free rate are consumption share weighted averages of their analogues arising in the single agent economies. They are on average equal to their rational values and exhibit cyclical behaviours, pro- or counter-cyclical, depending on the belief setup. Higher belief divergence leads not only to more uncertainty on asset prices but also to higher volatility of the equilibrium characteristics.
Content Distribution Technique with in Virtual Organization(VO) based peering CONTENT Delivery Network

Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a system where computers networked together across the Internet. Contents (especially large media content) are replicated from the origin server to cache servers scattered over the world in order to deliver content to end users in a reliable and timely manner. Cooperation and coordination among them can solve many problems of a particular CDN and is achieved by Virtual Organization (VO). We tried to define an efficient content distribution technique for VO based CDN which is Similar Content Distribution Technique. Implementing this solution within VO will be able to increase performance by providing higher data transfer rate.
Post-transfusion hepatitis.

number of compounds and pharmaceutical agents, our own studies on the effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) have indicated that the degree of interference caused by this drug is much greater than they suggest. Using serum and whole blood specimens to which varying amounts of the drug were added, we found that at a (therapeutic) paracetamol concentration of 25 mg 1 the interference was equivalent to 06 mmol'l (108 mg/100 ml) glucose. The effect was linear up to at least 300 mg/l paracetamol, when the glucose result displayed was falsely elevated by 7 2 mmol/l (129 7 mg/100 ml), and was found to be independent of the true glucose concentration of the sample-that is, the interference was not a percentage of the glucose level but an increment dependent only on the amount of paracetamol present. The same effect was noted with three different production batches of immobilised glucose oxidase membranes, and virtually identical results were obtained by a colleague using his own YSI glucose analyser. We have since studied blood specimens taken from patients following paracetamol ingestion, and have compared the results given by the instrument with those obtained by an alternative glucose method' not subject to paracetamol interference. These investigations indicated a similar degree of interference by paracetamol. We have contacted the manufacturers about this problem, through their British agents, and have been given an assurance that work is in progress to modify the immobilised glucose oxidase membranes used in the instrument to reduce paracetamol interference to an acceptable level. Meanwhile, we recommend caution in the use of the YSI analyser to measure blood glucose levels in patients suspected of paracetamol overdosage. J A FLEETWOOD SHEELAGH M A ROBINSON
Die Finanzsituation norddeutscher Universitäten: Ökonomische und politische Schlussfolgerungen auf der Basis eines Ausstattungsvergleichs

Auf der Basis eines Datensatzes uber die Finanzsituation norddeutscher Universitaten wird untersucht, welche Einflusse auf die staatliche Mittelzuteilung und welche auf die Drittmitteleinwerbung wirken. Fur die Gesamtheit von 41 Fachern an 17 Institutionen gilt, dass in beiden Dimensionen neben anderen Faktoren auch die jeweilige Situation der Gesamtinstitution eine bestimmende Rolle spielt. Im Fall der Ausstattung wird dies mit Effekten politischer Gestaltung, bei den Drittmitteln hauptsachlich mit Unterschieden in der ortlichen Forschungskultur erklart.
Determination of optimal angiographic viewing angles: basic principles and evaluation study

Foreshortening of vessel segments in angiographic (biplane) projection images may cause misinterpretation of the extent and degree of coronary artery disease. The views in which the object of interest are visualized with minimum foreshortening are called optimal views. The authors present a complete approach to obtain such views with computer-assisted techniques. The object of interest is first visualized in two arbitrary views. Two landmarks of the object are manually defined in the two projection images. With complete information of the projection geometry, the vector representation of the object in the three-dimensional space is computed. This vector is perpendicular to a plane in which the views are called optimal. The user has one degree of freedom to define a set of optimal biplane views. The angle between the central beams of the imaging systems can be chosen freely. The computation of the orientation of the object and of corresponding optimal biplane views have been evaluated with a simple hardware phantom. The mean and the standard deviation of the overall errors in the calculation of the optimal angulation angles were 1.8 degrees and 1.3 degrees , respectively, when the user defined a rotation angle.
Hazardous Waste Siting and Democratic Choice

Editor's IntroductionThe NIMBY Phenomenon and Approaches to Facility SitingDon Munton Part 1: Getting Beyond NIMBY: CasesVoluntary Siting of Hazardous Waste Facilities in Western CanadaGeoffrey Castle and Don Munton Alternatives to NIMBY Gridlock: Voluntary Approaches to Radioactive Waste Facility Siting in Canada and the United StatesBarry Rabe, William C. Gunderson, and Peter T. Harbage Democratic Dialogue and Acceptable Risks: The Politics of High-Level Nuclear Waste Disposal in the United StatesMichael Kraft Hazardous Waste Management and Facility Siting in California David Morell Siting Hazardous Waste Facilities, Japanese Style Don Munton Siting of Hazardous Waste Incinerators in Germany: From Political Imposition to Public InvolvementRobert Seeliger Part 2: Public Perceptions Community Risk Perception and Waste Management in Three Communities at Different Stages in the Siting ProcessClyde Hertzman and Aleck Ostry Worrying About Waste: Diagnosis and PrescriptionSusan Elliott and S. Martin Taylor Part 3: Options and Strategies Using Co-Management to Build Community Support for Waste FacilitiesAlun Richards Voluntary Procedures for Siting Noxious Facilities: Lotteries, Auctions and Benefit-SharingHoward Kunreuther Directions for Engineering Contributions to Successfully Siting Hazardous Waste FacilitiesChristopher Zeiss Conclusion
The Pic Protease of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Promotes Intestinal Colonization and Growth in the Presence of Mucin

ABSTRACT Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is increasingly being recognized as a cause of diarrheal disease in diverse populations. No small animal model is currently available to study this pathogen. We report here that conventional mice orally inoculated with prototype EAEC strain 042 generally became colonized, though the abundance of organisms cultured from their stool varied substantially among individual animals. In contrast, mice whose water contained 5 g/liter streptomycin consistently became colonized at high levels (ca. 108 CFU/g of stool). Neither conventional nor streptomycin-treated mice developed clinical signs or histopathologic abnormalities. Using specific mutants in competition with the wild-type strain, we evaluated the contribution of several putative EAEC virulence factors to colonization of streptomycin-treated mice. Our data suggest that the dispersin surface protein and Pic, a serine protease autotransporter secreted by EAEC and Shigella flexneri, promote colonization of the mouse. In contrast, we found no role for the aggregative adherence fimbriae, the transcriptional activator AggR, or the surface factor termed Air (enteroaggregative immunoglobulin repeat protein). To study Pic further, we constructed a single nucleotide mutation in strain 042 which altered only the Pic catalytic serine (strain 042PicS258A). Fractionation of the tissue at 24 h and 3 days demonstrated an approximate 3-log10 difference between 042 and 042PicS258A in the lumen and mucus layer and adherent to tissue. Strains 042 and 042PicS258A adhered similarly to mouse tissue ex vivo. While no growth differences were observed in a continuous-flow anaerobic intestinal simulator system, the wild-type strain exhibited a growth advantage over 042PicS258A in a culture of cecal mucus and in cecal contents in vitro; this difference was manifest only after 6 h of growth. Moreover, enhanced growth of the wild type was observed in comparison with that of the mutant in minimal medium containing mucin but not in the absence of mucin. The data suggest a novel metabolic role for the Pic mucinase in EAEC colonization.
Investigating the potential impact of non-personalized recommendations in the OPAC: Amazon vs. WorldCat.org

Recent research into the functionality of Online Public Access Catalogues (OPACs) has led to a call for such systems to incorporate functionality to facilitate resource discovery, and replicate the information search experience users encounter elsewhere on the Web. Recommendations represent one such feature. Developments so far in this area indicate that non-personalized or item-level recommendations are most suited to the OPAC environment. Whilst a number of such systems have been developed and implemented, research has yet to investigate fully the impact of such recommendations on user performance, search behavior, and system perceptions. This paper presents the results of an exploratory laboratory-based study comparing user behavior in Amazon, which offers non-personalized recommendations, and WorldCat.org, which does not. An analysis of task performance and participant interactions with the systems reveals that the presence of non-personalized recommendations improves resource discovery, search efficiency, and perceived usability.
Factors Critical to the Success of Implementing Vintage Trolley Operations

Vintage trolleys currently serve tourists and shoppers destinedfor recreation, tourism, shopping, and convention facilities in 26 cities in North America and have become community icons and significant cultural heritage tourism attractions. This article reports the findings of a study to determine the factors critical to the success of vintage trolleys. Eight vintage trolley operations were investigated, and case studies of each operation were completed. A cross case analysis identified a total of 12 factors as either common to all operations or present in a majority of the vintage trolley operations.
Spinal muscular atrophy: Diagnosis and management in a new therapeutic era

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) describes a group of disorders associated with spinal motor neuron loss. In this review we provide an update regarding the most common form of SMA, proximal or 5q‐SMA, and discuss the contemporary approach to diagnosis and treatment. Electromyography and muscle biopsy features of denervation were once the basis for diagnosis, but molecular testing for homozygous deletion or mutation of the SMN1 gene allows efficient and specific diagnosis. In combination with loss of SMN1, patients retain variable numbers of copies of a second similar gene, SMN2, which produces reduced levels of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein that are insufficient for normal motor neuron function. Despite the fact that understanding of how ubiquitous reduction of SMN protein leads to motor neuron loss remains incomplete, several promising therapeutics are now being tested in early‐phase clinical trials. Muscle Nerve 51: 157–167, 2015
Strategies for Success in Management Information Systems

In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid to processes through which more useful management information systems (MIS's) might be developed. This attention is due to the widespread realisations, which developed in the second and third decades of the computer era, that many computer‐based information systems were failing to fulfil the purpose for which they were intended, or failing to live up to the expectations of potential users.
Acceptance, acceptability and environmental justice: the role of community benefits in wind energy development

Conflict around wind farm development has stimulated interest in ‘community benefits’ – the provision of financial or material benefits by the developers to the area affected by these facilities. By and large, both policy makers and researchers have couched the rationale for community benefits in instrumental terms, i.e. that an increased flow of community benefits will improve the social acceptability of these facilities and thereby expedite planning consent. This paper questions this conventional rationale. Proponents of this rationale neglect the institutionally structured terrain of the planning process; the provision of community benefits can shift in significance depending on whether or not the ‘affected community’ has any significant influence over wind farm projects. Similarly, our discourse analysis conducted in Wales shows that community benefits are seen predominantly as compensation for impacts, without any clear implication that they should change social attitudes. Our conclusion is that the dominant, instrumental rationale for community benefits obscures other, equally important justifications: the role of community benefits in promoting environmental justice; and how flows of community benefits might better serve the long-term sustainability of wind farm development areas.
Healthy, wealthy and wise?: The relationship between health, employment and earnings in Australia

Health is wealth, goes the adage. The message is clear: those who are healthy are likely to earn more. Is this old adage still applicable in Australia today? Are people with better health able to earn more than their peers with poorer health? How big is the gap? This 23rd issue of the AMP.NATSEM Income and Wealth Report series examines how health underpins the employment and earnings of working-age Australians.
A New Approach for the Design of Wideband Digital Integrator and Differentiator

This brief presents a general theory of the Newton-Cotes digital integrators which is derived by applying the z-transform technique to the closed-form Newton-Cotes integration formula. Based on this developed theory, a new wideband third-order trapezoidal digital integrator is found to be a class of trapezoidal digital integrators. The novel wideband third-order trapezoidal integrator accurately approximates the ideal integrator over the whole Nyquist frequency range and compares favourably with existing integrators. Based on the designed wideband third-order trapezoidal integrator, a new wideband digital differentiator is designed, which approximates the ideal differentiator reasonably well over the whole Nyquist frequency range and compares favourably with existing differentiators. The low orders and high accuracies of the novel wideband trapezoidal integrator and the new wideband differentiator make them attractive for real-time applications
Use of Wishart Prior and Simple Extensions for Sparse Precision Matrix Estimation

A conjugate Wishart prior is used to present a simple and rapid procedure for computing the analytic posterior (mode and uncertainty) of the precision matrix elements of a Gaussian distribution. An interpretation of covariance estimates in terms of eigenvalues is presented, along with a simple decision-rule step to improve the performance of the estimation of sparse precision matrices and associated graphs. In this, elements of the estimated precision matrix that are zero or near zero can be detected and shrunk to zero. Simulated data sets are used to compare posterior estimation with decision-rule with two other Wishart-based approaches and with graphical lasso. Furthermore, an empirical Bayes procedure is used to select prior hyperparameters in high dimensional cases with extension to sparsity.
Histogenesis of lymphoid organs in larvae of the South African clawed toad, Xenopus laevis (Daudin).

Before embarking on a study of the lymphoid system of an amphibian larva, it is necessary to realize that lymphoid tissue may occur in many organs of the body and that in all immature vertebrates and in adult poikilotherms separation of lymphoid tissue from myeloid tissue is incomplete (Yoffey, 1960). Jordan (1938) reviewed the early work on the haemopoietic tissues of Amphibia. Cooper (1967 a , b ) and Baculi & Cooper (1967) made a thorough investigation of the lymphomyeloid and lymphoepithelial organs of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana , in the branchial region of the larva and in the ventral neck region of the adult. In the larva they found three pairs of ventral cavity bodies and one pair of lymph glands; in the adult, propericardial bodies, procoracoid bodies, epithelial bodies and jugular bodies were present. Cooper (1967 a ) reviewed the literature on these organs and discussed their nomenclature.
Familial spastic paraparesis syndrome associated with HTLV-I infection.

HUMAN T-cell lymphotropic virus Type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus identified as the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma.1 , 2 More recently, HTLV-I infection has been implicated in the causation of chronic progressive myelopathies, such as tropical spastic paraparesis3 , 4 and HTLV-I—associated myelopathy.5 HTLV-I—associated myelopathy affects patients from southern Japan, which has a temperate climate, whereas tropical spastic paraparesis affects persons from tropical areas. Despite these differences, the two conditions resemble each other,6 prompting some to suggest that they are different names for the same disease.7 HTLV-I has been implicated in the development of these conditions, because affected persons have .
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and dental school performance.

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) was administered to 256 dental students, representing four classes, at the University of Florida College of Dentistry. The results of this psychological instrument were then correlated with overall dental school performance based on results from the National Dental Board Examinations Part I and II (NB-I, NB-II), yearly class rank, and specific academic difficulties as measured by the Student Performance Evaluation Committee. Introverted students were found to display a significantly increased performance on NB-I (p = .038) and NB-II (p = .044). They were also found, however, to demonstrate a progressively lower class rank over the four-year period than extroverted students and were more likely to experience major academic difficulties as well. Judging and sensing individuals were found to earn a higher class rank over the four-year period than perceiving and intuitive students, respectively. Perceiving students were found to exhibit major difficulties or were placed on probation more often than judging individuals. These results may prove useful in counseling students to recognize potential problems before they commence their dental education or to anticipate and address specific weaknesses during the course of their education.
Surgical Repair of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears: A Prospective Long-Term Study

Background: Rotator cuff disease or injury is one of the most frequently seen orthopaedic conditions, and surgical repair of rotator cuff tears is a common procedure. A prospective analysis of the operation, with consistent assessment of patient characteristics, variables associated with the rotator cuff tear and repair techniques, and outcome factors, was performed. Methods: One hundred and five shoulders with a chronic rotator cuff tear underwent open surgical repair and acromioplasty between 1975 and 1983. The patients were followed for an average of 13.4 years (range, two to twenty-two years). There were sixteen small tears, forty medium tears, thirty-eight large tears, and eleven massive tears. The tears were repaired directly (seventy-two tears), by V-Y plasty (twelve), by tendon transposition (twenty), or by reinforcement with a fascia lata graft (one). The long head of the biceps had been previously torn in eleven shoulders and was tenodesed in three other shoulders. In fifty-six shoulders, the distal part of the clavicle was excised for treatment of degenerative arthritic changes, often associated with osteophyte formation. Results: Satisfactory pain relief was obtained in ninety-six shoulders (p < 0.0001). There was significant improvement in active abduction (p < 0.001) and external rotation (p < 0.007) as well as in strength in these directions of movement (p < 0.03 and p < 0.002, respectively). At the latest follow-up evaluation, the result was rated as excellent for sixty-eight shoulders, satisfactory for sixteen, and unsatisfactory for twenty-one. Tear size was the most important determinant of outcome with regard to active motion, strength, rating of the result, patient satisfaction, and need for a reoperation. Older age, less preoperative active motion, preoperative weakness, distal clavicular excision, and a transposition repair technique were all associated with larger tear size. There were eight reoperations; five were for rerepair of a persistent or recurrent rotator cuff tear. Conclusions: Standard tendon repair techniques combined with anterior acromioplasty, postoperative limb protection, and monitored physiotherapy can produce consistent and lasting pain relief and improvement in range of motion. Improving the results of this procedure will depend upon the development of new techniques to address the active motion and strength deficiencies following repair of massive rotator cuff tears.
Predicting purchase preferences using semi-supervised one-class SVM with graph kernels

This paper provides a method for predicting purchase preferences of customers for a specific target store based on their past purchase transactions as well as on their demographic information. We use a kernel-based semi-supervised learning approach in which Laplacian kernel matrices are exploited. Unlike the conventional kernel-based approaches such as support vector machines, the proposed method makes predictions by solving a system of sparse linear equations. We demonstrate that the proposed method can be applied to real world data sets with a huge number of customers very efficiently, and that the accuracy of the method is reasonably high compared with the conventional decision tree approaches.