Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study Load Balance Algorithms for Map Reduce Environment

MapReduce is a famous model for data-intensive parallel computing in shared-nothing clusters. One of the main issues in MapReduce is the fact of depending its performance mainly on data distribution. MapReduce contains simple load balance technique based on FIFO job scheduler that serves the jobs in their submission order but unfortunately it is insufficient in real world cases as it missed many factors that impact the performance such as heterogeneity factor and data skewness, so Load balancing is important to make all resources utilized evenly and more efficiently. There are two main schemes in load balancing aStatic Load Balancing Schemes bDynamic load balancing. The main aim of this work is to study and compare existing Load Balance algorithms also to illustrate the features of Load Balance algorithms Keyword Static Load Balance, Map reduce,Dynamic Load Balance,static load balance,comparative study
Ising model from fermionic realization

We develop a new field theoretical approach to the classical two dimensional Ising model (2DIM), which is simple to apply for calculation of various correlation functions. We calculate the partition function of 2DIM within the developed framework. Determinant representation of spin-spin correlation functions is derived using fermionic realization for the Boltzmann weights. The approach also allows formulation of the partition function of 2DIM in the presence of an external magnetic field. 1 e-mail:shah@mail.yerphi. am 2 e-mail:sedrak@mail.yerphi. am 1
HeyStaks: a real-world deployment of social search

The purpose of this paper is to provide a deployment update for the HeyStaks social search system which uses recommendation techniques to add collaboration to mainstream search engines such as Google, Bing, and Yahoo. We describe our the results of initial deployments, including an assessment of the quality of HeyStaks' recommendations, and highlight some lessons learned in the marketplace
A Randomized Control Trial of the Effects of the Tennessee Voluntary Prekindergarten Program on Children’s Skills and Behaviors through Third Grade Executive Summary

The mission of the Peabody Research Institute is to conduct research aimed at improving the effectiveness of programs for children, youth, and families. Using field research, program evaluation, and research synthesis (meta-­‐analysis), our faculty and staff help determine which programs are actually making a difference in the lives of the people they serve. Disclaimer The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions and positions of the Institute of Education Sciences of the U. S. for assistance in obtaining and interpreting data from the Tennessee education data system. Special thanks and acknowledgement go to several individuals who have been invaluable to this project over many years: Carol Bilbrey who served as the Project Manager during the first five years of the project and whose insights and skills in coordinating with school systems were immeasurably helpful; Janie Hughart who stepped in to lead the project when Dr. Bilbrey retired; Nianbo Dong who served as a data analyst for three years of the project; and Georgine Pion whose assistance with the multiple imputations cannot be overvalued.
Modular and decentralized supervisory control of concurrent discrete event systems using reduced system models

This paper investigates the supervisor synthesis for concurrent systems based on reduced system models with the intention of complexity reduction. It is assumed that the expected behavior (specification) is given on a subset of the system alphabet, and the system behavior is reduced to this alphabet. Supervisors are computed for each reduced subsystem employing the modular approach in Komenda et al. (2005) and the decentralized approach in Lee and Wong (2002). Depending on the chosen architecture, we provide sufficient conditions for the consistent implementation of the reduced supervisors for the original system
Correlation of vascular permeability and blood flow with monoclonal antibody uptake by human Clouser and renal cell xenografts.

The specific uptake of 125I-A6H antibody by xenografts of the human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) TK177G in the athymic mouse was considerably greater than that seen for other human tumor xenografts and their associated antibodies (e.g., 125I-B6.2 uptake by the human breast carcinoma, Clouser). In addition the A6H-RCC model also demonstrated both greater localization indices and absolute amount of antibody bound than did the B6.2-Clouser model. Several physiological factors were studied to assess whether they might play a role in this greater specific uptake. Vascular volume was determined using the in situ labeling of red blood cells with 99mTc. Vascular permeability was determined by measuring the amount of 125I-labeled bovine serum albumin and 131I-labeled nonspecific IgG1 (anti-horseradish peroxidase) extravasated out of the tumor vasculature during 1 hr. Relative blood flow to the tumor was determined using the 86Rb method. Blood flow and vascular permeability were found to be significantly greater in the RCC tumor xenografts than in Clouser tumors. Differences in vascular permeability were especially dramatic, showing the vasculature of the RCC xenograft was twice as permeable as that of the Clouser tumor. Animals bearing either RCC or Clouser xenografts were injected with a monoclonal antibody to human major histocompatibility complexes (125I-labeled anti-human histocompatibility complex A, B, C). Tumor uptake of 125I-labeled anti-human histocompatibility complex A, B, C was found to be 5 times greater in RCC than Clouser xenografts. These results, therefore, suggest that the differences seen in the physiological factors studied can account for some of the greater specific 125I-A6H uptake by the RCC tumor than 125I-B6.2 uptake by the Clouser xenograft.
Turbulent transport in hydromagnetic flows

The predictive power of mean-field theory is emphasized by comparing theory with simulations under controlled conditions. The recently developed test-field method is used to extract turbulent transport coefficients both in the kinematic and the nonlinear or quasi-kinematic cases. A striking example of the quasi-kinematic method is provided by magnetic buoyancy-driven flows that produce an α effect and turbulent diffusion.
WORKFARE VS. WELFARE: INCENTIVE ARGUMENTS FOR WORK REQUIREMENTS IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMS

Whether those who claim benefits should face a work requirement has been an issue of long-standing social concern. Important examples of schemes which require work are the Californian workfare program, Indian food security schemes and the English Poor Law of 1834. We present two arguments for demanding work for benefits: first, a work requirement can scree the truly needy from those who are not in need of support and second, it can provide incentives for people to invest in skills which enable them to avoid poverty. In the context of a simple model of a target population with two ability types we find conditions under which a work requirement reduces the costs of poor relief, and those when it does not. We concentrate on a case when work done in return for benefits has no social value, showing that even if this is true, work requirements may be a valuable policy tool. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)
A Framed Field Experiment on the Effect of Feedback on Antibiotics Provision in Pediatrics

Whether feedback is an effective means to improve the quality of health care is empirically not well understood. We analyze the causal effect of expert feedback on individual physicians’ decisions on antibiotic therapies in pediatrics. We employ a novel randomized, controlled framed field experiment with pediatricians in tertiary pediatric care units in Germany (N=73). Pediatricians decide on the length of antibiotics therapy for a series of stylized routine cases. In the intervention group, pediatricians receive feed- back in form of the aggregate length of therapy recommended by directors of pediatric departments. Feedback significantly reduces the length of therapy, by about one day on average. We also find that the pediatricians’ gender, clinical experience, personality traits, and risk attitudes significantly affect decisions on the length of therapy. The feedback effect is robust when controlling for individual characteristics.
The interplay between natural and sexual selection in the evolution of sexual size dimorphism in Sceloporus lizards (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae)

Abstract Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) evolves because body size is usually related to reproductive success through different pathways in females and males. Female body size is strongly correlated with fecundity, while in males, body size is correlated with mating success. In many lizard species, males are larger than females, whereas in others, females are the larger sex, suggesting that selection on fecundity has been stronger than sexual selection on males. As placental development or egg retention requires more space within the abdominal cavity, it has been suggested that females of viviparous lizards have larger abdomens or body size than their oviparous relatives. Thus, it would be expected that females of viviparous species attain larger sizes than their oviparous relatives, generating more biased patterns of SSD. We test these predictions using lizards of the genus Sceloporus. After controlling for phylogenetic effects, our results confirm a strong relationship between female body size and fecundity, suggesting that selection for higher fecundity has had a main role in the evolution of female body size. However, oviparous and viviparous females exhibit similar sizes and allometric relationships. Even though there is a strong effect of body size on female fecundity, once phylogenetic effects are considered, we find that the slope of male on female body size is significantly larger than one, providing evidence of greater evolutionary divergence of male body size. These results suggest that the relative impact of sexual selection acting on males has been stronger than fecundity selection acting on females within Sceloporus lizards.
Politica europeana de vecinatate. Cazul Republicii Moldova si al Ucrainei - European Neighborhood Policy. The Case of the Republic Of Moldavia and Ukraine (Romanian Version)

Summary: Moldavia and Ukraine in close proximity to the European Union Expectations of Moldavia and Ukraine across the European Union European Neighborhood Policy as an alternative to EU enlargement The role and importance of the European Neighborhood Policy in Eastern Europeanisation Moldavia and Ukraine part of the European Neighborhood Policy Opportunities opened by participation in the ENP Limits of the European Neighborhood Policy Romania’s role as a border country of the European Union No.pg. 113
Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Drug Release Properties of Simvastatin-loaded PLGA Microspheres

Microspheres formulated from poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolide) (PLGA), a biodegradable polymer, have been extensively evaluated as a drug delivery system. In this study, the preparation, characterization and drug release properties of the PLGA microspheres were evaluated. Simvastatin (SIM)-loaded PLGA microspheres were prepared by oil-in-water emulsion/solvent evaporation method. The microspheres were then frozen to −80 °C, they were freeze dried for 24 h. Characterization of SIM-loaded PLGA microspheres was evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Drug release potential was evaluated by UV-spectrophotometry. The experimental results revealed that SIM-loaded PLGA microspheres can be successfully obtained through solvent evaporation method with appropriate morphologic characteristics and high encapsulation efficiency. The drug release pattern from polymeric microspheres in the phosphate buffered saline medium was measured during a 21-day period using UV-spectrophotometry. The correlation coefficient value (r2= 0.9878) of the trend lines of the graph showed that the SIM-loaded PLGA microspheres best fit with zero order release pattern. No burst release was observed with polymeric matrix. The drug release characteristic of the microspheres ascertained that the release was about 27% for SIM-loaded microspheres, which occurred within the first 6 days after maintaining the microspheres in phosphate buffer saline. Also, the microspheres successfully presented a slow release and the duration of the release lasted for more than 21 days. It can be concluded that SIM-loaded PLGA microspheres hold great promise for using as a drug-delivery system in biomedical applications, especially in drug delivery systems and tissue engineering.
On using genetic algorithms for multimodal relevance optimisation in information retrieval

This paper presents a genetic relevance optimisation process performed in an information retrieval system. The process uses genetic techniques for solving multimodal problems (niching) and query reformulation techniques commonly used in information retrieval. The niching technique allows the process to reach different relevance regions of the document space. Query reformulation techniques represent domain knowledge integrated in the genetic operators structure in order to improve the convergence conditions of the algorithm. Experimental analysis performed using a TREC sub-collection validates our approach.
Integral invariants in N = 4 SYM and the effective action for coincident D-branes

The construction of supersymmetric invariant integrals is discussed in a superspace setting. The formalism is applied to D = 4, N = 4 SYM and used to construct the F2, F4 and (F5+∂2F4) terms in the effective action of coincident D-branes. The results are in agreement with those obtained by other methods. A simple derivation of the abelian ∂4F4 invariant is given and generalised to the non-abelian case. We also find some double-trace invariants. The invariants are interpreted in terms of superconformal multiplets: the F2 and F4 terms are given by one-half BPS multiplets, the (F5+∂2F4) arises as a full superspace integral of the Konishi multiplet K and the abelian ∂4F4 term comes from integrating the fourth power of the field strength superfield. Counterparts of the abelian invariants are exhibited for the D = 6, (2,0) tensor multiplet and the D = 3, N = 8 scalar multiplet. The method is also applied to D = 4, N = 8 supergravity. All invariants in the linearised theory (with SU(8) symmetry) which arise from partial superspace integrals are constructed.
Transformer less Inverter for Single-Phase Photovoltaic Systems

When no transformer is used in a grid- connected photovoltaic (PV) system, a galvanic connection between the grid and PV array exists. In these conditions, dangerous leakage currents (common-mode currents) can appear through the stray capacitance between the PV array and the ground. In order to avoid these leakage currents, different inverter topologies that generate no varying common-mode voltages, such as the half-bridge and the bipolar pulse width modulation (PWM) full-bridge topologies, have been proposed. The bipolar PWM full bridge requires a lower input voltage but exhibits a low efficiency. This paper proposes a new high-efficiency topology that generates no varying common-mode voltage and requires the same low-input voltage as the bipolar PWM full bridge.
Agroforestry experiences in the Brazilian Amazon : constraints and opportunities

This study analyzes the constraints for a fuller deployment of agroforestry systems in the Brazilian Amazon. The report examines possibilities for overcoming these constraints, identifying specific cases, and the achievement of a better balance of land use in the region. Socioeconomic factors are the primary constraints , since commercial interest rates in Brazil are too high for those interested in processing agricultural products, coupled with the lack of government subsidized credit programs to target agroforestry effectively. Furthermore, Amazonia is disadvantaged to compete in a global marketplace, due to its inadequate infrastructure, lack of agroindustries, incipient farmer organizations, and insufficiently funded research and development systems. Some constraints could be removed through adequate policy and institutional reforms. Areas to benefit from such reforms include: information on costs and prices on agroforestry products, which inhibits credibility. In addition, poor processing methods undermine the regionally based agroindustries, yet promising solutions are being presented in the study. Funding for agricultural research and development should be explored, to be targeted at development of crops, product processing, and markets. It is suggested that public extension agencies should lead the way, forging partnerships for assuring key research findings.
Default Risk and Aggregate Fluctuations in an Economy with Production Heterogeneity

We study aggregate ‡uctuations in an economy where …rms have persistent dierences in total factor productivities, capital and debt or …nancial assets. Investment is funded by retained earn- ings and non-contingent debt. Firms may default upon loans, and this risk leads to a unit cost of borrowing that rises with the level of debt and falls with the value of collateral. On average, larger …rms, those with more collateral, have higher levels of investment than smaller …rms with less collateral. Since large and small …rms draw from the same productivity distribution, this implies an insu¢ cient allocation of capital in small …rms and thus reduces aggregate total factor productivity, capital and GDP. We consider business cycles driven by shocks to aggregate total factor productivity and by credit shocks. The latter are …nancial shocks that worsen …rms'cash on hand and reduce the fraction of collateral lenders can seize in the event of default. In equilibrium, our nonlinear loan rate sched- ules drive countercyclical default risk and exit, alongside procyclical entry. Because a negative productivity shock raises default probabilities, it leads to a modest reduction in the number of …rms and a deterioration in the allocation of capital that ampli…es the eect of the shock. The recession following a negative credit shock is qualitatively dierent from that following a produc- tivity shock, and more closely resembles the 2007 U.S. recession in several respects. A rise in default and a substantial fall in entry yield a large decline in the number of …rms. Measured TFP falls for several periods, as do employment, investment and GDP, and the ultimate declines in investment and employment are large relative to that in TFP. Moreover, the recovery following a credit shock is gradual given slow recoveries in TFP, aggregate capital, and the measure of …rms.
Maximum-likelihood CFO estimation for MIMO/OFDM uplink using superimposed trainings

We address the problem of superimposed training (ST)-based maximum-likelihood (ML) carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation for multiple-input multiple-output/orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO/OFDM) systems. With the specifically designed training signals, the effect due to the unknown information sequence is fully cancelled in time-domain and, the CFO estimation is performed by using one pilot sample of each distinct user. We also present a performance analysis of the CFOs estimation and derive an approximated closed-form CFO estimation variance. It is shown that with the judiciously designed training sequences, the performance of the proposed ST based-ML CFO estimator approaches the Cramer-Rao bound for high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) scenario. Simulation results illustrate the merits of the proposed approach.
3D Automatic Building Footprints Generation 

—Virtual building modeling became an increasingly urgent need for computer graphics, simulation, games, films and virtual reality. However, this is an exhaustive task and requires much more time and effort. There are many researches, which state this problem, but most of them concentrate on grammar-based generation. Grammar-based generation researches require more time to learn and are not suitable for non-qualified users. Our paper presents a new framework to generate automatic and extensive 3D solid building models procedurally relying on a set of methods called modules; these modules are offset, ellipse, L-system, smoother, polygon reduction, polygon division, transformation, and extrusion. Our building model can be created either automatically or semi-automatically. Each building model consists of some or all of our modules, these modules are specified either by an automatic model generator or by users to create a special model (using the wizard or writing an xml file). Model modules declare how the building footprints, floors and geometries will be generated. Our framework generates different building models using the same modules with different parameters’ values, while the modules remain small and simple, which means less time to learn and enables non-technical users to create wonderful solid building models. Our framework can generate trivial and non-trivial buildings’ types according to certain rules.
eCultura, a semantically-enriched web-based approach to manage cultural contents

The eCultura project aims to provide a complete set of services and applications to access and integrate diverse web-based contents of the cultural domain. Semantic web technologies have enabled sharing information such services, as well as providing interoperability within external applications. The goal is to extend over the web the knowledge base of cultural institutions, building user communities around it and preparing for its exploitation in educational environments. Common W3C representation languages and ontologies have been used to describe common concepts of the cultural domain to provide a linked, interoperable environment. The semantic knowledge is stored on a shared OWL repository gathering the semantics of diverse cultural fields, including the CIDOC reference model, the FRBR ontology and the MusicOntology.
Migration Decision for Hybrid Mobility in Reconfigurable Virtual Machines

Virtual machine (VM) is an important mechanism to multiplex computer resource. The increasing popularity of Grid computing and Peer-to-Peer systems has renewed research interests in dynamic and adaptive virtual machines. Service migration is a vital technique to construct reconfigurable VMs. By incorporating mobile agent technology, VM systems can improve their resource utilization, load balancing and fault tolerance significantly via hybrid mobility of services and computational agents. This paper focuses on the decision problem of hybrid mobility for load-balancing in reconfigurable VMs. We tackle this problem from three aspects: migration candidate determination, migration timing and destination server selection. The service migration timing and destination server selection are formulated as two optimization models. We derive the optimal migration policy for heterogenous distributed systems based on stochastic optimization theories. Renewal processes are applied to model the dynamics of migration. We model the agent migration problem by dynamic programming and extend the optimal service migration timing by considering dynamic composition of agents. Our decision policy is complementary to the existing service and agent migration techniques. Its accuracy is verified by simulations.