Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A DRONE SYSTEM FOR AUTONOMOUS MAPPING FLIGHTS INSIDE A FOREST – A FEASIBILITY STUDY AND FIRST RESULTS

Abstract. In recent years, drones have gained wide popularity in forest research and operational applications. Over the forest canopy, where Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are available, the flights are already highly automated. However, under the canopy of dense forests, the flights still need active manual control by a human pilot due to missing GNSS signal and obstacles. The objective of this study was to design and implement a prototype of a drone autonomously flying inside a forest for future boreal forest research purposes by utilizing open-source algorithms. Based on a literature survey, EGO-Planner-v2 with VINS-Fusion localization and stereo-depth camera-based mapping was chosen as the base of the implemented prototype. The algorithms were first tested in a simulator and later a custom drone hardware was built to evaluate the performance and suitability in real boreal forest environments. The evaluation criteria for the performance were the success of the mission, the reliability of the obstacle avoidance, and the accuracy of the localization. Based on the results, the performance of the prototype was promising, but in dense forests, the sensing of small needleless branches and leafless understory vegetation needs to be improved to increase reliability. In a dense spruce forest, nine of 19 test flights were successful, when approximate flight distances varied between 35 m and 80 m. In the longest of those test flights, the error of the VINS-Fusion estimate of the trajectory length was approximately 1 m.
Hereditary Transthyretin Amyloidosis: How to Differentiate Carriers and Patients Using Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography

Background: Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis is a rare disease caused by transthyretin (TTR) gene mutations. The aim of our study was to identify early signs of cardiac involvement in patients with a TTR gene mutation in order to differentiate carriers from patients with neurological or cardiac disease. Methods: A case–control study was carried out on 31 subjects with the TTR mutation. Patients were divided into three groups: 23% with cardiac amyloidosis and polyneuropathy (group A), 42% with only polyneuropathy (group B) and 35% carriers (group C). Speckle-tracking echocardiography (left-ventricular global longitudinal strain—GLS, atrial stiffness) was performed in all patients. The apical/basal longitudinal strain ratio (SAB) and relative apical sparing (RAS) were assessed in all subjects. Results: Analyzing groups C and B, we only found a significant difference in the SAB (p-value 0.001) and RAS (p-value 0.039). These parameters were significantly more impaired in group A compared to group B (SAB p-value 0.008; RAS p-value 0.002). Also, atrial stiffness was significantly impaired in groups A and B compared to group C. Conclusions: Our study suggests the diagnostic role of the SAB and RAS in cardiac amyloidosis. The SAB and RAS showed a gradual increase from carriers to patients with neurological and cardiac diseases. Thus, these parameters, in addition to atrial stiffness, could be used to monitor carriers. More extensive data are needed.
Impact of Quick Response Code Training on Clinical Competency and Perception among First Year Nursing Students

Background: Uses of quick response codes in medical education were largely aligned to different themes. These themes involved enhancing member involvement, simulation training, and just-in-time learning. Aim: To determine impact of quick response code training on clinical competency and perception among first year nursing students. Design : A quasi-experimental design (study-control) was used. Setting: The study was conducted at clinical laboratory skills and the lecture hall for the first year nursing students in Faculty of Nursing-Menoufia University. Subjects : A convenient sample of 640 first year nursing students who were enrolled in first semester of Fundamental nursing course in 2022-2023. Tools: four tools were utilized (1) structural interviewing questionnaire, (2) Nursing students’ knowledge sheet, (3) students’ perception of QR code learning, and (4) observational checklist using competency. Results: 0.3% and 1.2% of study and control groups respectively had good knowledge level at pre QR code training that were highly significantly improved among study group to 86.6% compared to 9.4% of control group post QR code training. Also; there were significant improvement of the mean scores of perception and clinical competency level of vital signs among study group compared to control group post QR code training. Conclusion: there was a significant improvement of knowledge level about QR code learning, students' perception of using QR Code in their studying activities and they had more competent performance after QR code training. Recommendations: Developing QR codes for different units of nursing curriculum to make learning more expressive, interesting and less time consuming as well as replication of the study on other activities using greater sample to allow for generalizability of results.
Subcortical restructuring as a function of multilingualism: Insights from monolinguals, bilinguals, trilinguals and quadrilinguals

Subcortical structures implicated in language control and processing adapt structurally with increasing language experience. However, the adaptation patterns across different subcortical structures remain unclear. Previous findings from bilinguals and multilinguals reveal renormalisation patterns, lending support to the Dynamic Restructuring Model (Pliatsikas, 2020). These patterns are composed of increasing volumes during the initial stages of language learning, and subsequent reductions as experience increases. T1-weighted images from 14 English monolinguals, 14 bilinguals, 14 trilinguals, and 14 quadrilinguals were obtained. The volumes of five subcortical regions implicated in language control and processing were compared amongst the groups. The findings showed group differences for every structure – caudate nucleus, nucleus accumbens, putamen, globus pallidus and thalamus. Complex patterns were unveiled for each structure, suggesting expansions and renormalisations that differ in trajectory for each group. These findings highlight the dynamic progression of subcortical adaptations, and support the notion of structural renormalisation as language experience grows.
Bile Acids Promote Hepatic Biotransformation and Excretion of Aflatoxin B1 in Broiler Chickens

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a hazardous mycotoxin that often contaminates animal feed and may potentially induce severe liver damage if ingested. The liver is the primary organ responsible for AFB1 detoxification through enzyme-catalyzed xenobiotic metabolism and bile acid (BA)-associated excretion. In this study, we sought to investigate whether exogenous BA improves hepatic AFB1 detoxification to alleviate AFB1-induced liver injury in broiler chickens. Five-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to three groups. CON and AFB1 received a basal diet; AFB1 + BA received a basal diet with 250 mg/kg BA for 20 days. After a 3-day pre-feed, AFB1 and AFB1 + BA were daily gavaged with 250 μg/kg BW AFB1, while CON received gavage solvent for AFB1 treatment. Dietary BA supplementation protected chickens from AFB1-induced hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress. The hepatic biotransformation of AFB1 to its metabolite AFBO was improved, with accelerated excretion to the gallbladder and cecum. Accordantly, AFB1-induced down-regulation of detoxification genes, including cytochrome P450 enzymes, glutathione S-transferases, and the bile salt export pump, was rescued by BA supplementation. Moreover, liver X receptor α, suppressed by AFB1, was enhanced in BA-treated broiler chickens. These results indicate that dietary BA supplementation improves hepatic AFB1 detoxification and excretion through LXRα-involved regulation of xenobiotic enzymes.
Integrated comparative transcriptome and physiological analysis reveals the metabolic responses underlying genotype variations in NH4 + tolerance

Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain NH4 + toxicity. However, the core information about the biochemical regulation of plants in response to NH4 + toxicity is still lacking. In this study, the tissue NH4 + concentration is an important factor contributing to variations in plant growth even under nitrate nutrition and NH4 + tolerance under ammonium nutrition. Furthermore, NH4 + led to the reprogramming of the transcriptional profile, as genes related to trehalose-6-phosphate and zeatin biosynthesis were downregulated, whereas genes related to nitrogen metabolism, camalexin, stilbenoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were upregulated. Further analysis revealed that a large number of genes, which enriched in phenylpropanoid and stilbenoid biosynthesis, were uniquely upregulated in the NH4 +- tolerant ecotype Or-1. These results suggested that the NH4 +-tolerant ecotype showed a more intense response to NH4 + by activating defense processes and pathways. Importantly, the tolerant ecotype had a higher 15NH4 + uptake and nitrogen utilization efficiency, but lower NH4 +, indicating the tolerant ecotype maintained a low NH4 + level, mainly by promoting NH4 + assimilation rather than inhibiting NH4 + uptake. The carbon and nitrogen metabolism analysis revealed that the tolerant ecotype had a stronger carbon skeleton production capacity with higher levels of hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, and glutamate dehydrogenase activity to assimilate free NH4 +, Taken together, the results revealed the core mechanisms utilized by plants in response to NH4 +, which are consequently of ecological and agricultural importance.
Hybrid Learning Model Analytics to Predict Learning Style Behavior Clusters of Post-COVID-19 Learners in Higher Education

- The impact of COVID-19 has forced the learning process to be organized into a hybrid learning environment that requires online and onsite learning services. Therefore, this research has three main objectives: 1) to cluster learners corresponding to learners' learning behaviors with a hybrid learning model, 2) to generate a predictive model for learner learning behavior clusters, and 3) to test the effectiveness of a predictive model for learning behavior clusters. The population and research sample consisted of 24 students enrolled in the course 221203[1] Technology for Business Application at the School of Information and Communication Technology, University of Phayao, in the second semester of the 2022 academic year. Research tools using supervised and unsupervised machine learning include K-Means, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Neural Networks, Generalized Linear Model, and Support Vector Machine. The cross-validation approach and confusion matrix techniques were used to test the model with four metrics: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1-Score. The research results showed that the learner clustering was appropriate with three clusters and consistent with the learning achievement of the learners. In addition, it was found that the cluster prediction model had a very high level of accuracy, with an accuracy of 96.67% and an S.D. of ±10.54%. Therefore, disseminating research findings in the public interest is appropriate.
Investigating Local Patterns of Mumps Virus Circulation, Using a Combination of Molecular Tools

Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by the mumps virus (MuV). However, MuV has re-emerged in many countries with high vaccine coverage. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends molecular surveillance based on sequencing of the small hydrophobic (SH) gene. Additionally, the combined use of SH and non-coding regions (NCR) has been described in different studies, proving to be a useful complement marker to discriminate general patterns of circulation at national and international levels. The aim of this work is to test local-level usefulness of the combination of SH and MF-NCR sequencing in tracing hidden transmission clusters and chains during the last epidemic wave (2015–2020) in Spain. A database with 903 cases from the Autonomous Community of Madrid was generated by the integration of microbiological and epidemiological data. Of these, 453 representative cases were genotyped. Eight different SH variants and thirty-four SH haplotypes were detected. Local MuV circulation showed the same temporal pattern previously described at a national level. Only two of the thirteen previously identified outbreaks were caused by more than one variant/haplotype. Geographical representation of SH variants allowed the identification of several previously undetected clusters, which were analysed phylogenetically by the combination of SH and MF-NCR, in a total of 90 cases. MF-NCR was not able to improve the discrimination of geographical clusters based on SH sequencing, showing limited resolution for outbreak investigations.
Passive ultrasonic irrigation on postoperative pain after endodontic treatment: a randomized clinical trial

Objective:This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) protocol employed during endodontic treatment on the incidence of postoperative pain. Methods: Sixty adult patients with non-vital asymptomatic premolar and molars were included. The treatments were performed using ProTaper Universal instruments with working length set 1.0 mm short of the apical foramen. The patients were randomly divided to receive one of the following two final cleansing protocols (n = 30): PUI - the canals were rinsed with 2.5% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, and 1.0% NaOCl sequentially, with 3 cycles of 20 seconds in each irrigation solution, under ultrasonic agitation; Control (CON) - similar final irrigation protocol was employed without any agitation. To evaluate postoperative pain, a numerical rating scale was applied every 24 hours until the fifth day. Data were statically analyzed with Pearson's Chi-square, Friedman's and ANOVA tests with 5% of significance. Results: There were no significant differences in any of the periods (P=0.46). The great majority of patients in both groups showed no pain symptoms. No patient reported severe pain (≥ 7), with moderate pain occurring in only 2 patients in the CON group (7.4%) and 4 patients in the PUI group (16.7%), exclusively in the first 24 hours. Conclusions: The use of passive ultrasonic irrigation protocol did not influence the occurrence of postoperative pain in patients submitted to endodontic treatment.
The effect of involution in China society on vicious competition in the workplace --Leadership style as the mediating variable and Leadership-employee Collaboration as the moderating variable

This paper examines the influence of social involution on workplace competition in China, emphasizing the mediating role of leadership style and the moderating role of leadership-employee collaboration. This framework provides a foundation for understanding the Chinese context's complex interplay between social involution, leadership, and vicious competition in the workplace. In the workplace, competition is a motivating and innovative driver, but escalating internal competition can lead to negative consequences, such as heightened anxiety and unethical behavior. This study explores how leadership styles and leader-employee collaboration influence and potentially mitigate the harmful effects of intense internal competition. This study highlights the importance of leadership in managing the impact of social trends and provides insights for optimizing organizational dynamics.
Modern Coal Mining Affected to Underground Water Deposit Environment in West China Mining Area

In order to effectively protect and develop the underground water resources in the ecological frail zone of West China Area,according to the modern coal mining affected to the overburden strata structure and the underground water deposit environment,taking the super large fully mechanized coal mining face in Shendong Mining Area as an example,a modern high precision geophysical detection and analysis method was applied to establish a multi attribute data volume with high precision 4D seismic multi attribute data as a core.The paper represented the overburden strata variation process of the seam mining under the conditions before the mining operation,in the middle period of the mining face,at the mining terminal period and the strata stabilized period.The paper pointed out that overburden strata above the seam mining would have opened multi strata seepage structure and layered self recovered tendency,which could provide the theoretical basis to the underground water resources protection under the modern coal mining technology in West China Area.
Assessment of the Impacts of Plant Growth-Promoting Micro-Organisms on Potato Farming in Different Climatic Conditions in Morocco

Environmental concerns are gradually reducing the global yield capacity of agricultural systems, with climate change representing the most significant challenge. Globally, Potatoes are the most essential non-cereal crop. Therefore, understanding the potential impacts of climate change on potato production is crucial for maintaining future global food security. This study aims to explore the roles played by PGPMs in two distinct regions, which are characterized by different climatic conditions, to assess their influence on two potato varieties, namely Siena and Bellini. Inoculation with these strains, particularly the Aureobasidium pullulans strains Ach1-1 and Ach1-2, resulted in significant improvements in growth and yield. In 2018, impressive yields of 194.1 kg/0.05 ha and 186.6 kg/0.05 ha were recorded for the two strains, with the Ain Taoujdate site achieving yields of 157.1 kg/0.05 ha and 151.1 kg/0.05 ha for each of the two strains. Additionally, further observations revealed that the Siena variety is more susceptible to rot than the Bellini variety. However, Ach1-1 and Ach1-2 strains had a significant effect on this rot, showcasing their potential to mitigate this negative issue in the Bellini variety. These promising results underscore the potential of PGPMs to enhance potato production in the Fez–Meknes region of Morocco, contributing to global food security amid climate change.
Fenomena Fatherless dari Sudut Pandang Wellbeing Remaja (Sebuah Studi Fenomenologi)

The emergence of the fatherless phenomenon is often due to a parenting paradigm that is influenced by patriarchal culture. Where it is said that the process of taking care of children is borne by the mother and fathers should not take care of children or be involved in parenting. The impact of fatherless will be different at each stage of the age of the child left behind, especially closely related to subjective well-being and especially in adolescents who are in a crucial period in their developmental stages. This study aims to find out how the description of subjective well-being in fatherless adolescents? The research uses qualitative research methods using semi-structured interviews and observation. Informants in this study are adolescents aged 15-18 years with the characteristics of adolescents from fatherless families. The results of this study state that the description of subjective well-being in fatherless adolescents is known in the affective component characterized by the presence of various kinds of negative and positive emotions related to the fatherless experiences they experience. In addition, the cognitive life evaluation component is characterized by global satisfaction and domain-specific satisfaction. The involvement of the role of father figures in the family is able to help assist adolescents in their crucial periods, especially in the affective aspect in the form of positive emotions and life satisfaction.
Frequency of strongyloidiasis and associated factors: Analysis of 13 years of laboratory results in a tertiary referral hospital in Honduras, 2010-2022

Abstract Introduction. The frequency of detected strongyloidiasis is affected by the selected laboratory method in the studied population. Considering that Honduras has few community-based studies, the analysis of the laboratory record data can provide information helping to understand this parasitosis. Objective. To estimate the frequency and to identify the factors associated with strongyloidiasis, analyzing the laboratory records of the Servicio de Parasitología at Hospital Escuela in Tegucigalpa (Honduras) between 2010 and 2022. Materials and methods. We carried out a descriptive, cross-sectional, analytical study. The laboratory diagnosis consisted of stool samples’ examination by direct smear and modified Baermann technique. We estimated frequencies and percentages. The statistical association was calculated with prevalence ratios and a 95% confidence interval. Software R, version 4.2.0, and epiR package, version 2.0. 46, were used to perform the analysis. Results. The frequency of strongyloidiasis was 0.29% (112/38,085). It was higher with the modified Baermann technique (0.87%; 40/4,575) among male patients (0.44%; 70/15,758). Regarding the age, strongyloidiasis was higher in the 20-40 years old group (0.41%; 28/6,886) with direct smear and 41-61 years old (1.14%; 14/1,232) group with the modified Baermann technique. Among the factors associated with strongyloidiasis were age between 20 and 61 years old (PR=2.26, CI 95%=1.53-3.31), male patients (PR=2.34, CI 95%=1.60-3.44), mucus (PR=1.86, CI 95%=1.22-2.83) and Charcot-Leyden crystals in stool (PR=8.47, CI 95%=5.14-13.96); watery stool (PR=2.39, CI 95%=1.55-3.68), and other helminthiases (PR=6.73, CI 95%=3.98-11.38). Associated factors to cases detected with the modified Baermann technique were outpatient consultation (PR=4.21, CI 95%=1.91-9.28) and formed stools (PR=3.99, CI95% =1.94-8.19). Conclusions. The modified Baermann technique increased the detection of strongyloidiasis almost four times. Most cases were distributed among male adults. The cases diagnosed exclusively with the modified Baermann technique have differences from those with observed larvae in the direct smear. It is necessary to develop community-based population studies.
Surface Modification of Polylactic Acid Bioscaffold Fabricated via 3D Printing for Craniofacial Bone Tissue Engineering

Bone tissue engineering is a promising solution for advanced bone defect reconstruction after severe trauma. In bone tissue engineering, scaffolds in three-dimensional (3D) structures are crucial components for cell growth, migration, and infiltration. The three-dimensional printing technique is well suited to manufacturing scaffolds since it can fabricate scaffolds with highly complex designs under good internal structural control. In the current study, the 3D printing technique was utilized to produce polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds. BMSCs were seeded onto selected scaffolds, either hydrogel-mixed or not, and cultivated in vitro to investigate the osteogenic potential in each group. After osteogenic incubation in vitro, BMSC-seeded scaffolds were implanted onto rat cranium defects, and bone regeneration was observed after 12 weeks. Our results demonstrated that BMSCs were able to seed onto 3D-printed PLA scaffolds under high-resolution observation. Real-time PCR analysis showed their osteogenic ability, which could be further improved after BMSCs were mixed with hydrogel. The in vivo study showed significantly increased bone regeneration when rats’ cranium defects were implanted with a hydrogel-mixed BMSC-seeded scaffold compared to the control and those without cell or hydrogel groups. This study showed that 3D-printed PLA scaffolds are a feasible option for BMSC cultivation and osteogenic differentiation. After mixing with hydrogel, BMSC-seeded 3D-printed scaffolds can facilitate bone regeneration.