Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Estudio de los subtipos moleculares de cáncer de mama en un programa de cribado poblacional.

ObjetivosIntroduccionEl cancer de mama (CM) ya no se considera una sola enfermedad, sino que es una entidad heterogenea que engloba varios subtipos geneticos y moleculares, que presentan un comportamiento clinico-patologico diferente.La clasificacion tradicional del CM basada en caracteristicas histopatologicos ofrece un limitado valor pronostico.La correlacion entre los hallazgos radiologicos y los subtipos moleculares de CM ha sido reportada en la literatura con resultados variables y heterogeneos [1,2,3]. Estudios basados en perfiles de expresion genica han identificado dos grupos principales de pacientes segun tengan receptores hormonales positivos o no. Aquellos con receptores hormonales positivos se subdividen a su vez en dos tipos: (a) Luminal A-like Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 , (b) Luminal B-like Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 que muestran diferencias considerables en cuanto a pronostico y a su sensibilidad a terapias citotoxicas[4]. Se han determinado dos grupos adicionales, que son aquellos tumores (c) que sobreexpresan el "human epidermal growth factor receptor 2", HER2+ Fig.10 Fig.11 , y (d) los tipo Basal-like Fig.7 Fig.8 Fig.9 que habitualmente son Triple-Negativo (TN) por lo que en el uso clinico de cada dia se consideran sinonimos aunque no lo son . Los tumores TN, frecuentemente presentan mayor tamano (>2cm), afectacion ganglionar y alto grado histologico en comparacion a otros subetipos de CM al momento del diagnostico[3]. Esta clasificacion es clinicamente relevante, debido a que aporta informacion de caracter pronostico y predictivo de la agresividad de la enfermedad. Asimismo, permite realizar una estratificacion de riesgo e individualizar las opciones terapeuticas sistemicas (hormonoterapia, quimioterapia y tratamiento dirigidocontra el receptor HER2). El HER2 es un proto-oncogen, cuya amplificacion resulta en un incremento de la agresividad celular y crecimiento tumoral mas rapido. Los tumores que muestran amplificacion del oncogene HER2/neu responden a drogas dirigidas el receptor HER2, como el trastuzumab, reduciendo la tasa de recurrencia ymortalidad de la enfermedad.Actualmente, se realiza amplificacion genica de HER2 en CM invasivos para identificar los pacientes que se beneficiarian de esta terapia. ObjetivosDeterminar la frecuencia de los subtipos moleculares de CM en nuestro programa de cribado poblacional de CM y correlacionarlos con diferentes factores patologicos, clinicos y radiologicos.
Performance of quadrature spatial modulation with imperfect channel information over correlated α-μ fading channels

In this paper, we analyze multiple-input multiple-output quadrature spatial modulation (QSM-MIMO) systems that operate under imperfect channel information over correlated α-μ fading channels. A simple and closed-form expression for the pairwise error probability (PEP) is provided. Based on the obtained PEP, a closed-form upper bound expression for the average bit error probability (BEP) is obtained. The obtained results clearly show the effect of the fading parameters on the average BEP. In case of the α-μ fading channels, increasing a has larger negative impact on the average BEP compared to increasing μ. In addition, the results demonstrate that the correlation coefficient of the transmit-antennas significantly deteriorates the average BEP when compared to the correlation coefficient of the receive-antennas.
Gene family evolution in green plants with emphasis on the origination and evolution of Arabidopsis thaliana genes.

Gene family size variation is an important mechanism that shapes the natural variation for adaptation in various species. Despite its importance, the pattern of gene family size variation in green plants is still not well understood. In particular, the evolutionary pattern of genes and gene families remains unknown in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana in the context of green plants. In this study, eight representative genomes of green plants are sampled to study gene family evolution and characterize the origination of A. thaliana genes, respectively. Four important insights gained are that: (i) the rate of gene gains and losses is about 0.001359 per gene every million years, similar to the rate in yeast, Drosophila, and mammals; (ii) some gene families evolved rapidly with extreme expansions or contractions, and 2745 gene families present in all the eight species represent the 'core' proteome of green plants; (iii) 70% of A. thaliana genes could be traced back to 450 million years ago; and (iv) intriguingly, A. thaliana genes with early origination are under stronger purifying selection and more conserved. In summary, the present study provides genome-wide insights into evolutionary history and mechanisms of genes and gene families in green plants and especially in A. thaliana.
Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultative autotroph isolated from a freshwater lake.

A novel facultatively autotrophic bacterium, designated strain sk43H(T), was isolated from water of a freshwater lake in Japan. Cells of the isolate were curved rods, motile and gram-reaction-negative. Strain sk43H(T) was facultatively anaerobic and autotrophic growth was observed only under anaerobic conditions. The isolate oxidized thiosulfate, elemental sulfur and hydrogen as sole energy sources for autotrophic growth and could utilize nitrate as an electron acceptor. Growth was observed at 8-32 °C (optimum 25 °C) and 6.4-7.6 (optimum pH 6.7-6.9). Optimum growth of the isolate occurred at NaCl concentrations of less than 50 mM. The G+C content of genomic DNA was around 67 mol%. The fatty acid profile of strain sk43H(T) when grown on acetate under aerobic conditions was characterized by the presence of C(16 : 0) and summed feature 3 (C(16 : 1)ω7c and/or iso-C(15 : 0) 2-OH) as the major components. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain was a member of the class Betaproteobacteria showing highest sequence similarity with Georgfuchsia toluolica G5G6(T) (94.7 %) and Denitratisoma oestradiolicum AcBE2-1(T) (94.3 %). Phylogenetic analyses were also performed using genes involved in sulfur oxidation. On the basis of its phylogenetic and phenotypic properties, strain sk43H(T) ( = DSM 22779(T) = NBRC 105852(T)) represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed.
Homotopy nilpotent groups

We study the connection between the Goodwillie tower of the identity and the lower central series of the loop group on connected spaces. We define the simplicial theory of homotopy n-nilpotent groups. This notion interpolates between infinite loop spaces and loop spaces. We prove that the set-valued algebraic theory obtained by applying $\pi_0$ is the theory of ordinary n-nilpotent groups and that the Goodwillie tower of a connected space is determined by a certain homotopy left Kan extension. We prove that n-excisive functors of the form $\Omega F$ have values in homotopy n-nilpotent groups.
The effect of dosage form on absorption of vitamin A into lymph.

Some effects of dosage form on absorption of vitamin A into thoracic duct were studied in rats fed vitamin A. Forty-five % of administered vitamin A was recovered in lymph when vitamin A was given in micellar solution form, while 29% of administered vitamin A was recovered when vitamin A was given in triolein solution form. The time courses of appearance of vitamin A in lymph of these two kinds of preparation were very different one another. Vitamin A appearance in lymph showed a sharp peak between 1 and 2 hr after the administration in micellar solution form and indicated the almost complete absorption of vitamin A, while it showed a broad band over 4 hr after the administration in oily solution form. The time courses of vitamin A in serum did not exactly reflect those in lymph.
Semantic Analysis of Conversations and Fuzzy Logic for the Identification of Behavioral Profiles on Facebook Social Network

In this article we describe a new multi-agent approach for the accompaniment and follow-up of learners (tutoring) in collaborative social networks via network technologies. To assist learners in their collaborative learning process, the system we propose offers the possibility to identify the sociological behavioral’ profile of each learner on the basis of the automatic analysis of the asynchronous textual conversations exchanged between learners. To achieve our aims, we first describe the sociological profiles that we use in our model. Then, we expose the approach used for the semantic analysis of the messages exchanged (full text), as well as the proposed indicators for the determination of these profiles. After, we present the results of the implementation of the system developed as part of an experiment that we conducted with the students of the Master Program “Software Quality” in the Ibn Tofail University of Kenitra, Morocco. We did indeed obtain very good performances during tests on corpora of messages.
A Proposal of a Simulation-Based Approach for Service Level Agreement in Cloud

Clouds offer resources as services, which are charged on the basis of their actual usage. An approach that is currently spreading, to face possible problems linked to a low quality of service offered, is the adoption of Service Level Agreements (SLAs). In this paper we propose the adoption of a simulation-based approach for supporting a framework in charge of SLA management in cloud applications. The idea stems from the consideration that to face the inevitable impact on QoS of the cloud elasticity, it is necessary to evaluate in a predictive way the performance properties of the many different configurations among which the automatic cloud management can choose to allocate resources to customers. This paper proposes the architecture of the framework for SLA management in clouds, identifying the requirements implied by the simulation to be performed and suggesting the adoption of a simulation engine that fits with the proposed requirements.
An Experimental Study of the Skype Peer-to-Peer VoIP System

Despite its popularity, relatively little is known about the traffic characteristics of the Skype VoIP system and how they differ from other P2P systems. We describe an experimental study of Skype VoIP traffic conducted over a five month period, where over 82 million datapoints were collected regarding the population of online clients, the number of supernodes, and their traffic characteristics. This data was collected from September 1, 2005 to January 14, 2006. Experiments on this data were done in a black-box manner, i.e., without knowing the internals or specifics of the Skype system or messages, as Skype encrypts all user traffic and signaling traffic payloads. The results indicate that although the structure of the Skype system appears to be similar to other P2P systems, particularly KaZaA, there are several significant differences in traffic. The number of active clients shows diurnal and work-week behavior, correlating with normal working hours regardless of geography. The population of supernodes in the system tends to be relatively stable; thus node churn, a significant concern in other systems, seems less problematic in Skype. The typical bandwidth load on a supernode is relatively low, even if the supernode is relaying VoIP
Calcium, vitamin D and the vitamin D receptor: impact on prostate and breast cancer in preclinical models.

Epidemiological, molecular, and cellular studies have implicated vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the development and/or progression of cancer. The activation of vitamin D in the kidney is intricately linked to dietary calcium, another nutrient that has been associated with cancer risk in epidemiological studies. While calcium and vitamin D interact in the maintenance of skeletal health, it is now recognized that these nutrients exert independent effects on cell behavior, including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In addition to the kidney, many tissues contain VDR and express vitamin D-metabolizing enzymes. The regulation of these enzymes is likely tissue specific and unrelated to calcium status. This short review will focus on data generated from animal, cell, and molecular studies that have assessed the interactions between calcium and vitamin D on breast and prostate cancer.
Towards simultaneous interpreting: the timing of incremental machine translation and speech synthesis

In simultaneous interpreting, human experts incrementally construct and extend partial hypotheses about the source speaker’s message, and start to verbalize a corresponding message in the target language, based on a partial translation – which may have to be corrected occasionally. They commence the target utterance in the hope that they will be able to finish understanding the source speaker’s message and determine its translation in time for the unfolding delivery. Of course, both incremental understanding and translation by humans can be garden-pathed, although experts are able to optimize their delivery so as to balance the goals of minimal latency, translation quality and high speech fluency with few corrections. We investigate the temporal properties of both translation input and output to evaluate the tradeoff between low latency and translation quality. In addition, we estimate the improvements that can be gained with a tempo-elastic speech synthesizer.
Optimal Detection for Diffusion-Based Molecular Timing Channels

This work studies optimal detection for communication over diffusion-based molecular timing (DBMT) channels. The transmitter simultaneously releases multiple information particles, where the information is encoded in the time of release. The receiver decodes the transmitted information based on the random time of arrival of the information particles, which is modeled as an additive noise channel. For a DBMT channel without flow, this noise follows the L\'evy distribution. Under this channel model, the maximum-likelihood (ML) detector is derived and shown to have high computational complexity. It is also shown that under ML detection, releasing multiple particles improves performance, while for any additive channel with $\alpha$-stable noise where $\alpha<1$ (such as the DBMT channel), under linear processing at the receiver, releasing multiple particles degrades performance relative to releasing a single particle. Hence, a new low-complexity detector, which is based on the first arrival (FA) among all the transmitted particles, is proposed. It is shown that for a small number of released particles, the performance of the FA detector is very close to that of the ML detector. On the other hand, error exponent analysis shows that the performance of the two detectors differ when the number of released particles is large.
Cellular sources of IL‐17 in psoriasis: a paradigm shift?

Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease that results from interplay between the immune system and the epithelium. In the light of very successful anticytokine therapies for psoriasis, the focus has been directed towards the adaptive immune system. Expression studies, genetic studies and treatments specifically targeting players of the IL‐23/IL‐17 pathway, point at an important role for IL‐17 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. IL‐17 stimulates the keratinocytes to produce psoriasis‐associated molecules, eventually leading to chronic skin inflammation. The current opinion is that IL‐17 is mainly produced by T cells, so‐called T‐helper 17 (Th17) cells, in psoriasis. However, evidence is accumulating that cells of the innate immune system, like neutrophils, mast cells, γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells are the main source of IL‐17 in psoriasis, rather than T cells. The paradigm in this field of research is shifting. With this viewpoint article, we will address this novel concept by critically summarizing the current literature on this subject. In psoriatic arthritis and atherosclerosis, important conditions related to psoriasis, it was also found that the majority of IL‐17 is associated with cells of the innate immune system. This new concept changes our view of IL‐17. Blocking IL‐17 with targeted treatments might be more far‐reaching than previously thought; not only IL‐17 production by T cells but also by innate immune cells is blocked. Furthermore, therapies specifically targeting IL‐17 may not only improve psoriasis, but also comorbidity that is associated with the IL‐17 pathway, hereby preventing serious complications on the long term.
Penalties of shifting weight

The general view seems to be that most adults maintain a more or less steady weight. This belief is based on epidemiological data from large population groups. In reality people fluctuate in their weight, but the average of the group is constant because the gainers and losers tend to cancel out. For example, in a study in Finland the average weight gain over five years among 6504 men was 600 g, and among 6165 women (excluding those who were pregnant during the study) it was even less—only 60 g.1 However, a sixth of the men and slightly fewer of the women had gained more than 5 kg between examinations, while a tenth of the men and an eighth of the women had had similar losses of weight. Rapid gains and losses were not confined to the obese; they occurred in thin people, too. Many studies in Britain2 and the United States3 have shown that, compared with those of stable weight, people with a very variable weight have a …
Circle criterion in linear control design

This paper presents a method for higher-order controller design with improved low-frequent disturbance rejection properties. Given a default PID-based controller, the circle criterion is used to construct an extra controller part that deals with resonances resulting from closing the loop. The advantage is twofold. First, a closed-loop shaping method is obtained that is straightforward, graphically-supported, and intuitively clear. Second, it applies to existing control designs and therefore exploits (or even further extends) the design freedom and low-frequency performances therein. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated using examples from the wafer scanning industry.
Efficient filtering with the CoVector Processor

This paper describes the mapping of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) and Decimation filters on a new DSP architecture: the Co-Vector Processor (CVP) developed by Philips. This architecture is targeting the baseband signal processing algorithms for the third generation mobile communication (3G). CVP is a Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW) architecture with functional units supporting vector parallelism. To exploit efficiently the architecture, a large portion of the targeted DSP algorithms must be properly vectorized. In this paper, different vectorization strategies for FIR and Decimation filters for the CVP architecture are investigated. The approach used is to restructure the original sequential1 algorithms into block forms 2 that are suitable for parallel processing. In addition, the vectorization should fully utilize the Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) structure. It is shown that for the targeted filters, several good vectorization strategies can be applied. The benchmark results obtained using the proposed strategies outperform results of other architectures previously reported. Keywords— Vectorization; FIR; Decimation; Co-Vector Processor (CVP); vector parallelism.
[Renal scintigraphy in children with urinary tract infections].

BACKGROUND/AIM To determine the incidence of abnormal Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (Tc99m DMSA) renal scintigraphy findings in the children with urinary tract infection (UTI), and to evaluate the difference between the children with UTI and vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR), and the children with UTI without VUR. METHODS Tc99m DMSA renal scintigraphy was performed in 170 children with UTI, mean age 7.07 years (1 month to 14 years, 137 were girls and 33 were boys). In 88 of the children, VUR was proved by micturating cystouretherography (MCU), while in 82 VUR could not be detected by MCU. VUR was graded in accordance with MCU recommended by the intemational study of VUR. In 13 of the children the grade of VUR was grade I, in 30 was grade II, in 23 grade III, in 17 grade IV, while the grade V was in 5 of the children. Findings of Tc99m DMSA renal scintigraphy were classified as: 1--normal, 2--probably normal, 3--equivocal, 4--probably abnormal, and 5--abnormal. The degree of the significance of the difference of the findings was estimated using chi2, taking p < 0.01 as the limit of statistical significance. RESULTS Of the total number of 170 studied children, the abnormal findings were detected in 30% (51/170), normal findings in 62% (106/170), and equivocal in 8% (13/170). In the children with UTI and VUR, the incidence of abnormal findings was 49% (43/88), of normal 43% (38/88), and of equivocal findings 8% (7/88). All the children with VUR grade V had the abnormal findings (the incidence of the abnormal findings was 100%). In the children with VUR grade IV, the abnormal findings were 71%. In the children with VUR grade I, 77% of the findings were normal, in the children with VUR grade II 53% of the findings were normal and in the children with VUR grade III, 30% otfthe findings of renal scintigraphy were normal. In the children with UTI without VUR, the incidence of abnormal findings was 10% (8/82), of normal findings 83% (68/82), and of equivocal findings 7% (6/82). The incidence of abnormal findings was significantly higher in the children with UTI and VUR than in those with UTI without VUR (p < 0.01). Also, the incidence of the abnormal findings was higher in the children with VUR grades IV and V than in the children with VUR grade I (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION DMSA renal scintigraphy in the children with ITU revealed the abnormal findings in 30% of the cases. The incidence of the abnormallfindings was signficantly higher when VUR was present, as well as if the grade of VUR was higher. Our results confirmed that Tc99m DMSA renal scintigraphy was a very important technique in the evaluation of the children with ITU.
Morphological dependance of charge transport in nanostructured ZnO-based dye sensitized solar cells

Zinc oxide (ZnO) photoanodes of two different morphologies — nanorods and nanosheets are used to fabricate dye sensitised solar cells in order to study the influence of morphology on device performance. Characteristics such as dye loading capacity and light scattering ability of the photoanodes depend on the morphology to a large extent. This leads to change in the electron transport properties, which in turn affects power conversion efficiency. Here we report the difference in the charge transport properties of these morphologies evaluated using the time resolved photocurrent measurements. The photocurrent transients for ZnO nano-rod film exhibited dual peak behaviour, whereas transients for ZnO nano-sheet film exhibited only one peak as the time delayed second peak corresponding to slow electron diffusion was totally suppressed. The transient photocurrent decay also indicates that the charge transport rate is much faster in the ZnO nano-sheets, which allows the efficient charge collection over much larger thickness compared to other ZnO nano-rod film. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices was found to be 1.6% and 1.5 % for the ZnO-nano-rod and nano-sheet based dye sensitized solar cells respectively. A comparative study is performed and the photovoltaic parameters obtained in each case are correlated with the photocurrent transients enabling better understanding of the impact of morphology.
Smoldering type adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma effectively treated with mogamulizumab (anti‐CC chemokine receptor 4 monoclonal antibody)—A case report

The use of mogamulizumab needs careful consideration because of severe adverse reactions such as graft‐vs‐host disease. However, refractory specific skin lesions of smoldering type adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma can be effectively treated with mogamulizumab when patients have no opportunity to receive hematopoietic stem cell transplantation like our case.