Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive study of optical tweezers

This article introduces the development of optical tweezers through some examples. There is not much difference between traditional and new type of optical tweezers, the principle is similar, only that other techniques and instruments are added on the basis to help carry out some deeper investigation, for example, the principle of optical microscope is to use the optical system to magnify the image of an object, so that we can observe the tiny structures and details that are invisible to the naked eye, the principle of this kind of microscope is based on the properties of refraction and reflection of light, by focusing the light Focus on the sample, and then magnify it to our eyes or camera to form a clear image, the light will be refracted when passing through a transparent medium, the speed of light propagates at different speeds in different media, the direction of propagation of light will change when it enters from one medium to another, the phenomenon is one of the principles of the optical microscope. Other examples will be specified in this paper to illustrate the role of optical tweezers.
Safety and Efficacy of Subcutaneous Daratumumab in Systemic AL Amyloidosis

Introduction Systemic AL amyloidosis, a plasma cell dyscrasia, is characterized by the production of misfolded immunoglobulin light chain. These misfolded proteins aggregate into amyloid fibrils and deposit throughout the body, resulting in widespread organ dysfunction and ultimately death. Achieving rapid and maximal elimination of the plasma cell clone is crucial to long-term survival. Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody delivered intravenously, has been swiftly incorporated into standard first-line treatment regimens. A novel formulation of daratumumab has been developed that can be injected subcutaneously. Areas Covered As a retrospective qualitative review of prior publications involving daratumumab, this work briefly summarizes the existing data regarding the safety and efficacy of subcutaneous (SC) daratumumab, compared to intravenous (IV) daratumumab. SC daratumumab appears to deliver the same disease benefit as IV daratumumab to patients with decreased infusion-related reactions (IRRs), decreased time for administration, and similar rates of adverse events (AEs) intrinsically related to daratumumab. Expert Opinion SC daratumumab is preferred over IV daratumumab, but the clinical situation ultimately should determine route of administration. Further investigation into cost-effectiveness benefit is warranted.
Inferring ocean circulation during the last glacial maximum and last deglaciation using data and models

Since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ~ 20,000 years ago) air temperatures warmed, sea level rose roughly 130 meters, and atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide increased. This thesis combines global models and paleoceanographic observations to constrain the ocean's role in storing and transporting heat, salt, and other tracers during this time, with implications for understanding how the modem ocean works and how it might change in the future. – By combining a kinematic ocean model with "upstream" and "downstream" deglacial oxygen isotope time series from benthic and planktonic foraminifera, I show that the data are in agreement with the modem circulation, quantify their power to infer circulation changes, and propose new data locations. – An ocean general circulation model (the MITgcm) constrained to fit LGM sea surface temperature proxy observations reveals colder ocean temperatures, greater sea ice extent, and changes in ocean mixed layer depth, and suggests that some features in the data are not robust. – A sensitivity analysis in the MITgcm demonstrates that changes in winds or in ocean turbulent transport can explain the hypothesis that the boundary between deep Atlantic waters originating from Northern and Southern Hemispheres was shallower at the LGM than it is today.
Analysis of urban built-up areas and surface urban heat island using downscaled MODIS derived land surface temperature data

Abstract Regional scale urban built-up areas and surface urban heat islands (SUHI) are important for urban planning and policy formation. Owing to coarse spatial resolution (1000 m), it is difficult to use Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land surface temperature (LST) products for mapping urban areas and visualization, and SUHI-related studies. To overcome this problem, the present study downscaled MODIS (1000 m resolution)-derived LST to 250 m resolution to map and visualize the urban areas and identify the basic components of SUHI over 12 districts of Punjab, India. The results are compared through visual interpretation and statistical procedure based on similarity analysis. The increased entropy value in the downscaled LST signifies higher information content. The temperature variation within the built-up and its environs is due to difference in land use and is depicted better in the downscaled LST. The SUHI intensity analysis of four cities (Ludhiana, Patiala, Moga and Vatinda) indicates that mean temperature in urban built-up core is higher (38.87 °C) as compared to suburban (35.85 °C) and rural (32.41 °C) areas. The downscaling techniques demonstrated in this paper enhance the usage of open-source wide swath MODIS LST for continuous monitoring of SUHI and urban area mapping, visualisation and analysis at regional scale. Such initiatives are useful for the scientific community and the decision-makers.
Unraveling University Students’ Socio-Psychological Needs in Chinese Cultural Context: Grounded in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Abraham Maslow, a pioneer and founder of humanistic psychology, put forward Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs which comprises five stages: Physiological Needs, Needs for Safety, Needs for Love and Social belongings, Needs for Respect, and Needs for Self-Actualization. Hierarchy is one of the noteworthy features of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Given the cultural context of Chinese universities where students are inherently influenced by Confucianism and collectivist national culture, attending to their needs at each of the five stages is instrumental for their success in life. To better tackle the psychological issues that students from universities may have, leaders at universities need to establish organizational policies and provide efficient counseling services to students from universities in China.
Factors Affecting Lecturers’ Intention to use Simulation Technology Applications in Teaching Activities at the Tertiary Level

This paper aims to examine the impact of different factors on lecturers’ behavior related to the intention to use simulation technology applications in teaching activities in the context of the 4.0 industrial revolution in all fields around the world. The research employs a mixed-method approach, comprising qualitative in-depth interviews and group discussions, followed by a quantitative survey using SPSS-V.22 to assess the impact of lecturers’ intention-related factors on use of simulation applications in teaching activities. Based on the analysis results, the study identifies the factors that promote the intention to use simulation applications in teaching activities. The practical implications of this research are significant, as the findings provide valuable insights to curriculum developers, educators, administrators, policymakers, and developers of simulations in school instruction. Enhancing the intention to use simulation applications can contribute to improving the quality of teaching and training. This study adds to the current body of knowledge by offering a new perspective on the use of simulation applications in teaching activities.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TENSORIAL MODEL TO REPRESENT THE POROUS VOLCANIC ROCK DEFORMATION COUPLED TO THE FLOW OF FLUID

In this paper we present the initial development of an operational Tensorial Model to represent the deformation of porous volcanic rocks. The fundamental equation of the model is the total flow of mass, solid plus fluid, in a porous rock which conduces to a natural generalization of Darcy=s Law for a deformable medium. The total stress tensor is the sum of the tensor acting on the solid rock plus the tensional force acting on the fluid. This total stress tensor must satisfy some classical equilibrium conditions. Assuming that the geothermal rock is only subjected to small deformations, a linear Hooke=s Law can be used to represent the relationship between strains and stresses. In the most general case an elastic matrix of 49 elements will be obtained in this way. All its elastic coefficients must be determined experimentally. Those coefficients could be constants or be some functions of pressure and temperature. Some practical assumptions can lead to simplify this general model. Simplified models could be adapted to well known fluidenergy flow simulators just by including into its fundamental equations the Terzaghi=s effect which states that in saturated rock the effective stresses acting in the pores will be decreased by the pore-water pressure. These results can be useful in the study of enhanced hydrothermal reservoirs, in hot dry rock systems and in the interpretation of microseismicity data.
Understanding Fertilizer Effectiveness and Adoption on Maize in Zambia

As populations continue to rise and land becomes scarcer in Africa’s rural areas, there is increasing urgency for farmers to adopt land management practices that sustainably raise land and labor productivity. Considerable effort has focused on promoting inorganic fertilizers, but it is increasingly recognized that smallholder farmers’ demand for fertilizer can be depressed by soil conditions that reduce crop response to and the profitability of fertilizer use. This article quantifies the impacts of soil characteristics on maize response to fertilizer in Zambia using a nationally representative sample of 1,453 fields. In addition to economic and farm management surveys, composite soil samples were collected and analyzed for several characteristics at the Zambia Agricultural Research Institute.
A Computational Prediction Model of Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration Based on Machine Learning Approaches

—Within the field of medical sciences, addressing brain illnesses such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and brain tumors poses significant difficulties. Despite thorough investigation, the search for truly successful neurotherapies continues to be challenging to achieve. The blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is currently a major area of research, restricts the passage of medicinal substances into the central nervous system (CNS). It is crucial in the field of neuroscience to create drugs that can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and treat cognitive disorders. The objective of this study is to improve the accuracy of machine learning models in predicting BBB permeability, which is a critical factor in medication development. In recent times, a range of machine learning models such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Random Forests (RF) have been utilized for BBB. By employing descriptors of varying dimensions (1D, 2D, or 3D), these models demonstrate the potential to make precise predictions. However, the majority of these studies are biased to the nature of datasets. To accomplish our objective, we utilized three BBB datasets for training and testing our model. The Random Forest (RF) model has shown exceptional performance when used on larger datasets and extensive feature sets. The RF model attained an overall accuracy of 90.36% with 10-fold cross-validation. Additionally, it earned an AUC of 0.96, a sensitivity of 77.73%, and a specificity of 94.74%. The assessment of an external dataset resulted in an accuracy rate of 91.89%, an AUC value of 0.94, a sensitivity rate of 91.43%, and a specificity rate of 92.31%.
Title: Comparing the Effectiveness of Couple Therapy with Imago-therapy and Feldman's Integrated Approach on Marital Commitment of Conflicting Spouses

Background: Marriage has always been considered as the beginning of family formation and hence is a complex and very delicate human relationship. Commitment is one of the critical predictors of individuals' willingness to stay in the marriage and a determinant factor regarding its time and quality. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of couple therapy with Imago-therapy and Feldman's integrated approach on couples' marital commitment in Tehran. Materials and Methods: This research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design and a follow up with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all of the conflicted couples who referred to the Office of Women's Affair of the Post Bank of the 6th District Municipality and the Psychology Clinic of the District 22 of Tehran Municipality in 2018. Thirty couples among them divided into an experimental group (each group of 15 couples) and control group (15 couples). For this purpose, Barati and Sanei's marital conflicts questionnaire (1998) and Adams & Jones (1997) marital commitment questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysed by covariance
Modern biophysical view of electromagnetic processes of the phenomenon of life of living biological systems as a promising basis for the development of complex medicine: towards the concept of Bioelectronic Medicine

The publication of the results of a theoretical study on the conceptualization of Bioelectronic Medicine continues a series of articles on the role of electromagnetic processes in the implementation of the phenomenon of life. The authors, based on modern biophysical fundamental knowledge about the structure and functioning of the human body at the micro level of its structure (nanolevel and deeper) and the concepts of the Magnetoelectrochemical theory of metabolism, developed the main ideological concepts of the scientific direction “Bioelectronic Medicine” as a component for the further development of complex medicine. General scientific methods and theoretical methods were used in this theoretical study. The result of this theoretical research was the extrapolation of modern biophysical fundamental data on the structure of the microcosm of matter to medical knowledge about humans. It is proposed to call the resulting scientific direction the term “Bioelectronic medicine”. A conceptualization of the obtained fundamental ideas was made, three basic concepts and seven main aspects of “Bioelectronic Medicine” were formulated.
Microencapsulated propolis in chewing gum production

Propolis is a resin with high antibacterial and antioxidant properties that honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) gather and then harmonize through their metabolic secretions. Propolis is beneficial to dental health because it contains antibacterial activity against the Streptococcus mutans, which causes tooth decay. The aim of this study is to use microencapculated propolis extract (MPE) in chewing gum formulation for the first time, in order to protect propolis from environmental effects during production and to ensure controlled release in mouth. Spray drying method was applied where maltodextrin acted as coating material. The particle structure of MPE was investigated by scanning electron microscope. The encapsulation efficiency was determined as 62.19%. The hygroscopicity and moisture content of the MPE particles was found as 31.50% and 7.98% respectively. The DPPH scavenging ability, total flavonoid and total phenolic content of the MPE appeared lower than propolis extract. The total flavonoid content of MPE was calculated as 29.06 mg/kg and total phenolic content as 89.17 mg/kg. In vitro antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans of 9% MPE containing gum samples was measured highest with 4.20 mm zone diameter. Hunter b* value increased with increasing MPE concentration. The final MPE incorporated chewing gum appear to be highly functional. Keywords: Propolis; Spray drying; Chewing gum; Functional food
Hospital Care for Adult Patients with Congenital Heart Diseases.

OBJECTIVE The ideal type of hospital to care for adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients is not well known. Hospital competitiveness, clinical volume and market structure can influence clinical outcomes. We sought to understand how hospital competitiveness affects clinical outcomes in ACHD patients in the era prior to the Adult Congenital Heart Association accreditation program. METHODS Patient discharges with ACHD diagnosis codes were filtered between 2006-2011 from an all-payer inpatient healthcare database. Hospital-level data was linked to market structure patient flow. A common measure of market concentration used to determine market competitiveness-the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI)-was stratified into: more competitive (HHI ≤25th percentile), moderately competitive (HHI 25th to <75th percentile), and less competitive (HHI ≥75th percentile) hospital. Any complication, home discharge and mortality were analyzed with clustered mixed effects logistic regression. The combined impact of HHI and any complication on mortality by interaction was assessed. RESULTS A total of 67,434 patient discharges were isolated. More competitive hospitals discharged the least number of patients (N = 15,270, 22.6%) versus moderately competitive (N = 36,244, 53.7%) and less competitive (N = 15,920, 23.6%) hospitals. The adjusted odds of any complication or home discharge were not associated with hospital competitiveness strata. Compared to more competitive hospitals, mortality at moderately competitive hospitals (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66-0.94) and less competitive hospitals (AOR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63-0.98) were lower (p = 0.025). Age, race, elective admission, transfer status, and payer mix were all significantly associated with adjusted odds of any complication, home discharge and mortality (p ≤ 0.05). Having any complication independently increased the adjusted odds of mortality more than 6-fold (p < 0.001), and this trend was independent of HHI strata. Failure to rescue an ACHD patient from mortality after having any complication is highest at less competitive hospitals. Sensitivity analysis which excluded the transfer status variable, showed that any complication (p = 0.047) and mortality (p = 0.01) were independently associated with HHI strata. CONCLUSIONS Whether lower competition allow hospitals to focus more on quality of care is unknown. Hospital competitiveness and outcome seem to have an inverse trend relationship among ACHD patients. Since medical care is frequently provided away from the home area, hospital selection is an important issue for ACHD patients. Further research is needed to determine why competitiveness is linked to surgical outcomes in this population.
Layer stripping FWI for surface waves

In this study, an innovative layer stripping approach for FWI specifically adapted to the physics of surface waves is investigated, to mitigate the cycle skipping problem. A combined high-to-low frequency filtering with gradually increasing offset ranges, are applied to observed and calculated data to update gradually deeper layers of the shear velocity model. Successful results for a synthetic data example are presented.
Degradation of groundwater quality of quaternary aquifer at Qena, Egypt

Summary Qena area, Upper Egypt has a limited water resources represented by the River Nile, irrigation canals and groundwater resources. The Quaternary groundwater aquifer is the main water source in the study area. Urbanization and agricultural activities in the study area constitute the main pollution sources of groundwater. Pollution sources in the study area include mixing from wastewater and agrochemicals from agricultural activities. Results of hydrochemical analysis of thirty groundwater samples collected from the study area revealed that groundwater sources are polluted by nitrates, phosphates, ammonia and E.Coli bacteria. Groundwater quality in the study area varied from locality to another concerning its suitability for drinking purposes according to the World Health Organization and Egyptian standards. Most of the collected groundwater samples are not suitable for drinking purposes. On the other hand, groundwater is suitable for irrigation purposes with limited restriction. The present study recommended management of pollution sources including application of agrochemicals and controlling the seepage of wastewater from rural areas as well as management of wastewater treatment plants.
Short periodicities in low‐frequency plasma waves at Saturn

Short‐period amplitude modulations (~60 min period) have been detected in the ~100 Hz plasma wave emissions observed by the Radio Plasma Wave Science instrument on the Cassini spacecraft in orbit around Saturn. These periodicities were detected throughout the mission from mid‐2004 to the present, and this is the first statistical study of them. The modulations are observed throughout the magnetosphere and can last from ~2 h to ~20 h, although the duration may be biased by spacecraft observing conditions. The periodicities are statistically much more likely to be seen at high latitudes, both north and south, and at local times between dusk and midnight. When corrected for latitude and local time, the occurrence frequency has declined in time since 2005. Considering all observations, the mean period of these events is 65.3 ± 20.7 min, with a peak (modal value) at 63.3 min. The period has no dependence on local time or latitude. Alfvén waves have interhemispheric transit times commensurate with the mean periods and should thus be considered principal candidates for their production.
Accounting for ecosystem services and biodiversity in Limburg province, the Netherlands

Ecosystem services and biodiversity are important for human well-being. Ecosystem services are the contributions of ecosystems to benefits used in economic and other human activity. This thesis aims to empirically assess how spatial models for ecosystem service flows and biodiversity can be applied in the context of ecosystem accounting, management and conservation for Limburg province, the Netherlands. Ecosystem accounting is a systematic approach to measure and monitor ecosystems, ecosystem services and their contribution to human and economic activity. Biophysical models are developed to analyze seven ecosystem services for ecosystem accounting. Based on the biophysical models, the ecosystem services are valued in monetary terms, using methods that are consistent with national economic accounting. In addition, this thesis examines how ecosystem contributions (i.e. the ecosystem services) and human contributions to human benefits can be distinguished. In addition, different biodiversity indicators are spatially modelled and analyzed for Limburg, to assess their applicability in biodiversity accounting. Scenario analysis is applied to measure the effects budget limitations on the further development of Limburg’s biodiversity conservation network, and the effects of including ecosystem services into the network. This thesis contributes substantially to operationalizing ecosystem accounting by empirically testing applicable indicators, spatial modelling methods and monetary valuation methods, delineating caveats and assessing uncertainties. The research stresses the importance of accounting for ecosystem services in both biophysical and monetary terms, and including additional information on biodiversity. Ecosystem accounting, management and conservation are all necessary to ensure the safeguarding of natural and managed ecosystems and for sustaining human well-being.