Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computing lower bounds on functional units before scheduling

Presents a new algorithm for computing lower bounds on the number of functional units (FUs) required to schedule a data flow graph in a specified number of control steps. We use a formal approach to compute the bounds that can be proven to be tighter than those produced by existing methods, and that considers the interdependencies of the bounds on the different FU-types. This quick, yet accurate estimation of the number of FUs is used to generate resource constraints for a design, and thus reduce the design space. <<ETX>>
Classification by Association Rules : The Importance of Minimal Rule Sets

Building a classification system using datamining techniques has shown lower error rates than traditional algorithms such as decision trees. However, because the number of possible association rules in general is very large, algorithms are usually complicated and prone to overfitting. In this paper, we present a new algorithm that generates and uses a minimum set of association rules to form the classifier. Experiments show this algorithm obtains lower error rates than other two popular algorithms in 17 of 26 benchmark datasets, among which 6 to 8 have confidence levels of more than 95%.
Dickkopf-1, an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, is regulated by progesterone in human endometrial stromal cells.

CONTEXT Some members of the Wnt family, including ligands, receptors, inhibitors, and signaling components, are expressed in human endometrium. Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1), a potent inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, was recently found to be up-regulated in decidualizing endometrial stromal cells during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, suggesting regulation by progesterone. OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that progesterone regulates Dkk-1 expression in human endometrial stromal cells, we investigated the following effects on stromal cell expression of Dkk-1 mRNA and protein: decidualizing stimuli (progesterone or cAMP), RU486 (an inhibitor of progesterone action), and withdrawal of progesterone. RESULTS Short-term treatment (up to 72 h, which corresponds to the full decidualized phenotype in response to cAMP and an early response to progesterone) did not reveal regulation of Dkk-1 mRNA or protein by cAMP but did show induction of Dkk-1 expression when the cells were treated with progesterone, an effect that was blocked by RU486. In long-term cultures (from 14 to 23 d, which corresponds to the full decidualized phenotype in response to progesterone), a significant increase in Dkk-1 mRNA and protein production was observed. Addition of RU486 or withdrawal of progesterone after long-term decidualization resulted in a decrease of Dkk-1 mRNA and protein to control levels. Estradiol alone had no effect on stromal Dkk-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly support regulation by progesterone of Dkk-1 mRNA synthesis and protein expression in human endometrial stromal cells and that the response is specific for progesterone and independent of cAMP and estradiol.
Co‐translational trimerization of the reovirus cell attachment protein.

The reovirus cell attachment protein, sigma1, is a trimer with a ‘lollipop’ structure. Recent findings indicate that the N‐terminal fibrous tail and the C‐terminal globular head each possess a distinct trimerization domain. The region responsible for N‐terminal trimerization (formation of a triple alpha‐helical coiled‐coil) is located at the N‐terminal one‐third of sigma1. In this study, we investigated the temporality and ATP requirement of this trimerization event in the context of sigma1 biogenesis. In vitro co‐synthesis of the full‐length (FL) and a C‐terminally truncated (d44) sigma1 protein revealed a preference for homotrimer over heterotrimer formation, suggesting that assembly at the N‐terminus occurs co‐translationally. This was corroborated by the observation that polysome‐associated sigma1 chains were trimeric as well as monomeric. Truncated proteins (d234 and d294) with C‐terminal deletions exceeding half the length of sigma1 were found to trimerize post‐translationally. This trimerization did not require ATP since it proceeded normally in the presence of apyrase. In contrast, formation of stable FL sigma1 trimers was inhibited by apyrase treatment. Collectively, our data suggest that assembly of nascent sigma1 chains at the N‐terminus is intrinsically ATP independent, and occurs co‐translationally when the ribosomes have traversed past the midpoint of the mRNA.
Privacy Preserving Ranked Multi-Keyword Search for Multiple Data Owners in SaaS Cloud Computing

The innovation in cloud computing has encouraged the data owners to outsource their data managing system from local sites to profitable public cloud to increase affordability of services. But people can like full benefit of cloud computing, if we are able to report very real secrecy and security concerns that come with loading sensitive personal information then we have to increase security, privacy. In view of the huge number of data users, documents in the cloud, it is important for the search facility to agree multi keywords query and arrange for result comparison ranking to meet the actual need of data recovery search and not regularly distinguish the search results. Related mechanisms on searchable encryption emphasis on single keyword search or Boolean keyword search, and often sort the search outcomes. In our system, we explain and solve the interesting problem of privacy preserving multi keywords ranked search over encrypted cloud data, and create a set of strict privacy necessities for such a safe cloud data application system to be effected in real. We can add Document owner accounts, Cloud Server account, Admin account and grant permission to various privileges to different user.
Validating the Patient Safety Indicators in the Veterans Health Administration: Do They Accurately Identify True Safety Events?

Background:The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Patient Safety Indicators (PSIs) use administrative data to detect potentially preventable in-hospital adverse events. However, few studies have determined how accurately the PSIs identify true safety events. Objectives:We examined the criterion validity, specifically the positive predictive value (PPV), of 12 selected PSIs using clinical data abstracted from the Veterans Health Administration (VA) electronic medical record as the gold standard. Methods:We identified PSI-flagged cases from 28 representative hospitals by applying the AHRQ PSI software (v.3.1a) to VA fiscal year 2003 to 2007 administrative data. Trained nurse-abstractors used standardized abstraction tools to review a random sample of flagged medical records (112 records per PSI) for the presence of true adverse events. Interrater reliability was assessed. We evaluated PPVs and associated 95% confidence intervals of each PSI and examined false positive (FP) cases to determine why they were incorrectly flagged and gain insight into how each PSI might be improved. Results:PPVs ranged from 28% (95% CI, 15%−43%) for Postoperative Hip Fracture to 87% (95% CI, 79%−92%) for Postoperative Wound Dehiscence. Common reasons for FPs included conditions that were present on admission (POA), coding errors, and lack of coding specificity. PSIs with the lowest PPVs had the highest proportion of FPs owing to POA. Conclusions:Overall, PPVs were moderate for most of the PSIs. Implementing POA codes and using more specific ICD-9-CM codes would improve their validity. Our results suggest that additional coding improvements are needed before the PSIs evaluated herein are used for hospital reporting or pay for performance.
Office of Trade and Labor Affairs Contract Research Program Do Community-based Interventions Improve Risk Sharing? Evidence from Malawi

The views expressed here are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views or official positions of the U.S. Abstract We study whether community based interventions improve risk sharing in rural Malawi. We focus on improvements in risk sharing arising as a result of design features of these interventions. We use a 2 year panel dataset collected within a cluster randomised trial to investigate whether two community based interventions-a participatory women's group intervention and a home-based infant feeding intervention-targeted at improving reproductive and infant health, improve risk sharing amongst households following crop losses. We find strong evidence that such interventions help protect household consumption against a crop loss. Investigation of underlying channels rules out direct health effects and income smoothing, and suggests that increased social interactions due to the interventions may be the main driver. Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the Bureau of International Labor Affairs at the Department of Labor for both their financial support and comments on the manuscript. The data used in this paper was collected thanks to the financial support of grant RES‐183‐25‐008 jointly awarded by The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and The Economic and Social Research Council. All errors are the responsibility of the authors. We thank the Mai Mwana team, especially
Design of a maneuverable swimming robot for in-pipe missions

Autonomous underwater robots provide opportunities to perform missions in confined environments such as water pipe networks. They can carry sensors in these pipes and perform tasks such as mapping and inspection. Those robots must have a high level of maneuverability in order to navigate through complex networks of pipes with irregularities due to rust and calcite deposition. We propose a fully integrated, untethered robot capable of carrying sensors and maneuver into water pipe networks. The objective of this paper is to present (i) the optimal shape design and (ii) a propulsion system selection and sizing procedure for such robots. A prototype is built to demonstrate the basic elements of maneuverability, including following straight lines and making sharp turns.
Disparities in Survival with Bystander CPR following Cardiopulmonary Arrest Based on Neighborhood Characteristics

The American Heart Association reports the annual incidence of out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrests (OHCA) is greater than 300,000 with a survival rate of 9.5%. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) saves one life for every 30, with a 10% decrease in survival associated with every minute of delay in CPR initiation. Bystander CPR and training vary widely by region. We conducted a retrospective study of 320 persons who suffered OHCA in South Florida over 25 months. Increased survival, overall and with bystander CPR, was seen with increasing income (p = 0.05), with a stronger disparity between low- and high-income neighborhoods (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03, resp.). Survival with bystander CPR was statistically greater in white- versus black-predominant neighborhoods (p = 0.04). Increased survival, overall and with bystander CPR, was seen with high- versus low-education neighborhoods (p = 0.03). Neighborhoods with more high school age persons displayed the lowest survival. We discovered a significant disparity in OHCA survival within neighborhoods of low-income, black-predominance, and low-education. Reduced survival was seen in neighborhoods with larger populations of high school students. This group is a potential target for training, and instruction can conceivably change survival outcomes in these neighborhoods, closing the gap, thus improving survival for all.
Long Term Background Reference Based Satellite Video Coding

Video transmission from satellites to terrestrial devices usually requires a large amount of channel resources due to the huge amount of satellite video data. Subject to limited transmission bandwidth in space environment, the video encoder for video satellite calls for higher coding efficiency. In this paper, we propose a high efficiency satellite video coding method based on long term background reference (LTBR) to eliminate redundancy caused by periodical revisit. Firstly, data of Google Earth is used to provide prior information for establishing LTBR. Then a novel intra prediction method guided by pixels’ cluster information from LTBR is introduced. Experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms HEVC and H.264 , in terms of rate-distortion, BD-PSNR and BD-Rate performance.
Inanspruchnahme einer Anschlussrehabilitation nach orthopädischer Operation – Beeinflusst die Fallschwere das Rehabilitationssetting (ambulant vs. stationär)?

Zusammenfassung Ziel Ziel der Untersuchung war es, Prädiktoren für das Rehabilitationssetting (ambulant vs. stationär) nach Akutaufenthalt zu bestimmen, um Hinweise auf die Bedeutung der Fallschwere beim Zugang zu einer bestimmten Rehabilitationsform zu erhalten. Methode Für die Auswertungen wurden Patienten2 ausgewählt, bei denen zwischen 2005 und 2010 eine Totalendoprothese (TEP) an Hüfte oder Kniegelenk implantiert oder eine Bandscheibenoperation vorgenommen wurde. Anhand anonymisierter Routinedaten der AOK Baden-Württemberg sowie der Deutschen Rentenversicherungen Bund und Baden-Württemberg wurde mittels logistischer Regression die Wahrscheinlichkeit modelliert, eine stationäre Anschlussrehabilitation (AR) durchzuführen. Ergebnisse Über alle 3 Operationsgruppen hinweg führten Patienten, die unmittelbar nach dem Akutaufenthalt zur AR kamen, eher eine stationäre Maßnahme durch, als Patienten, die nach einer häuslichen Übergangszeit zur Rehabilitation kamen. Mit zunehmendem Alter sowie bei Komorbiditäten wurde häufiger eine stationäre AR in Anspruch genommen. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer stationären Durchführung nahm im Zeitraum zwischen 2005 und 2009 ab. Schlussfolgerung Neben der Fallschwere scheinen Kontextfaktoren für das Setting der AR eine Rolle zu spielen. Bei der bedarfsorientierten Zugangssteuerung zu einer bestimmten Rehabilitationsform sind individuelle Rahmenbedingungen, wie bspw. die Versorgung durch das familiäre Umfeld bzw. die Erreichbarkeit therapeutischer, pflegerischer und medizinischer Angebote, und medizinische Parameter, d. h. die Erkrankungsschwere, gegeneinander abzuwägen.
Redox Regulation of the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase

UNLABELLED Redox state is a critical determinant of cell function, and any major imbalances can cause severe damage or death. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to determine if AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a cellular energy sensor, is activated by oxidants generated by Berberine in endothelial cells (EC). METHODS Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were exposed to Berberine. AMPK activity and reactive oxygen species were monitored after the incubation. RESULTS In BAEC, Berberine caused a dose- and time-dependent increase in the phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) at Ser79, a well characterized downstream target of AMPK. Concomitantly, Berberine increased peroxynitrite, a potent oxidant formed by simultaneous generation of superoxide and nitric oxide. Pre-incubation of BAEC with anti-oxidants markedly attenuated Berberine-enhanced phosphorylation of both AMPK and ACC. Consistently, adenoviral expression of superoxide dismutase and pretreatment of L-N(G)-Nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME; a non-selective NOS inhibitor) blunted Berberine-induced phosphorylation of AMPK. Furthermore, mitochondria-targeted tempol (mito-tempol) pretreatment or expression of uncoupling protein attenuated AMPK activation caused by Berberine. Depletion of mitochondria abolished the effects of Berberine on AMPK in EC. Finally, Berberine significantly increased the phosphorylation of LKB1 at Ser307 and gene silencing of LKB1 attenuated Berberine-enhanced AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation in BAEC. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that mitochondria-derived superoxide anions and peroxynitrite are required for Berberine-induced AMPK activation in endothelial cells.
The Prevalence of Partial Changes in the Condylar Head in the Patients with Osteoarthritis: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study

Abstract Introduction: The present study aimed to review the condylar changes in the patients with osteoarthritis using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Methods: In this study, 80 CBCT images of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pertaining 20 patients with osteoarthritis and 20 healthy individuals were evaluated, as well as the CBCT images that were obtained for other reasons. The images were reviewed in the coronal and sagittal sections. Considering the higher prevalence of osteoarthritis in women and after eliminating gender-based interventions, all the female patients were enrolled in the study. Chi-square was used to evaluate the correlations between the changes in the condylar head by the grouping of the patients, and the significance level was considered at 0.05. Results: The correlation of condylar head flattening (P=0.051) and Ely’s cysts (P=0.544) was assessed in the control group and osteoarthritis patients, and no significant difference was observed between the two variables and patient classification. In addition, the association between erosion (P<0.001) and osteophyte (P=0.002) of the condylar head was evaluated in the control group and osteoarthritis patients, and the presence or absence of these conditions had a significant correlation with disease grouping. Conclusion: According to the results, the presence of osteophyte and erosion was more significant in the osteoarthritis group compared to the healthy subjects. The most prevalent bony changes in the condylar head were due to flattening, and the less prevalent changes were associated with Ely’s cysts. Moreover, osteophyte and erosion were more prevalent in the patients with osteoarthritis.
Polyploidy and novelty: Gottlieb's legacy

Nearly four decades ago, Roose & Gottlieb (Roose & Gottlieb 1976 Evolution 30, 818–830. (doi:10.2307/2407821)) showed that the recently derived allotetraploids Tragopogon mirus and T. miscellus combined the allozyme profiles of their diploid parents (T. dubius and T. porrifolius, and T. dubius and T. pratensis, respectively). This classic paper addressed the link between genotype and biochemical phenotype and documented enzyme additivity in allopolyploids. Perhaps more important than their model of additivity, however, was their demonstration of novelty at the biochemical level. Enzyme multiplicity—the production of novel enzyme forms in the allopolyploids—can provide an extensive array of polymorphism for a polyploid individual and may explain, for example, the expanded ranges of polyploids relative to their diploid progenitors. In this paper, we extend the concept of evolutionary novelty in allopolyploids to a range of genetic and ecological features. We observe that the dynamic nature of polyploid genomes—with alterations in gene content, gene number, gene arrangement, gene expression and transposon activity—may generate sufficient novelty that every individual in a polyploid population or species may be unique. Whereas certain combinations of these features will undoubtedly be maladaptive, some unique combinations of newly generated variation may provide tremendous evolutionary potential and adaptive capabilities.
Monitoring of Bone Marrow Cell Homing Into the Infarcted Human Myocardium

Background—Intracoronary transfer of autologous bone marrow cells (BMCs) promotes recovery of left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Although the mechanisms of this effect remain to be established, homing of BMCs into the infarcted myocardium is probably a critical early event. Methods and Results—We determined BMC biodistribution after therapeutic application in patients with a first ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction who had undergone stenting of the infarct-related artery. Unselected BMCs were radiolabeled with 100 MBq 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) and infused into the infarct-related coronary artery (intracoronary; n=3 patients) or injected via an antecubital vein (intravenous; n=3 patients). In 3 additional patients, CD34-positive (CD34+) cells were immunomagnetically enriched from unselected BMCs, labeled with 18F-FDG, and infused intracoronarily. Cell transfer was performed 5 to 10 days after stenting. More than 99% of the infused total radioactivity was cell bound. Nucleated cell viability, comparable in all preparations, ranged from 92% to 96%. Fifty to 75 minutes after cell transfer, all patients underwent 3D PET imaging. After intracoronary transfer, 1.3% to 2.6% of 18F-FDG–labeled unselected BMCs were detected in the infarcted myocardium; the remaining activity was found primarily in liver and spleen. After intravenous transfer, only background activity was detected in the infarcted myocardium. After intracoronary transfer of 18F-FDG–labeled CD34-enriched cells, 14% to 39% of the total activity was detected in the infarcted myocardium. Unselected BMCs engrafted in the infarct center and border zone; homing of CD34-enriched cells was more pronounced in the border zone. Conclusions—18F-FDG labeling and 3D PET imaging can be used to monitor myocardial homing and biodistribution of BMCs after therapeutic application in patients.
An Attempt to Improve the Quantitative Epitope Prediction by Modelling Alternative Binding Modes

Motivation: A good quantitative epitope prediction, i.e. a reliable prediction of the strength of the MHC-epitope binding, is decisive in order to better understand the immune system response. The prediction is often performed by means of the scoring-matrix method that usually assumes a single binding configuration: each amino acid of the epitope binds to a specific pocket of the MHC molecule, in a way independent from other bindings. Results: We have put forward the assumption, suggested by the allosteric Monod framework, that a number of alternative states exist, each one characterised by an interaction energy expressed by a scoring matrix. We have developed and suitably evaluated an algorithm for epitope prediction based on such assumption, and we finally discuss the results and the possible reasons why such results unexpectedly appear to be unsatisfactory.
Model-independent reionization observables in the CMB

We represent the reionization history of the universe as a free function in redshift and study the potential for its extraction from CMB polarization spectra. From a principal component analysis, we show that the ionization history information is contained in 5 modes, resembling low-order Fourier modes in redshift space. The amplitude of these modes represent a compact description of the observable properties of reionization in the CMB, easily predicted given a model for the ionization fraction. Measurement of these modes can ultimately constrain the total optical depth, or equivalently the initial amplitude of fluctuations to the 1% level regardless of the true model for reionization.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR SHELL AND SPATIAL STRUCTURES: J. IASS

Mobile deployable scissor structures are transportable and can be transformed rapidly from a compact folded state offering a huge volume expansion. Intended geometrical incompatibilities during transformation can be introduced as a design strategy to obtain bistability, which allows instantaneously achieving some structural stability in the deployed state. In such bistable deployable structures, these incompatibilities result in the elastic bending of some specific members that are under compression with a controlled snap-through behaviour. Attempts to optimally design deployable bistable structures remain scarce, since the underlying structuralmechanical concepts are complex. Furthermore, the requirement of flexibility during deployment while ensuring some structural stability in the deployed state prevents the use of simple design methodologies relying on the structural behaviour under service loads only. In this contribution, the trends and challenges of using computational tools in the structural analysis and design process of deployable bistable structures are discussed. Computational tools are crucial for the geometrical and structural design, for the definition of a rigorous design methodology and for a deeper understanding of the complex transformation behaviour of these structures.