Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
NONLINEAR MID-FREQUENCY DISTURBANCE COMPENSATION IN HARD DISK DRIVES

Abstract In single-stage hard disk drives (HDDs), it is difficult to suppress mid-frequency narrow band disturbances caused by disk flutter or windage effectively. This article presents a nonlinear compensation scheme to deal with narrow band disturbance around 1 kHz. The nonlinear compensator that provides additional phase lead without degrading the magnitude characteristic is proposed. This scheme is used to compensate for phase loss due to narrow band filter and enhance the mid-frequency disturbance suppression capability. Settling performance is verified not to be degraded significantly due to harmonics from the nonlinear element. Our results show that the peak value of power spectra of NRRO due to disk vibration are decreased by 99% and position error signal 3σ value is improved 68%.
Cryogenic optomechanics with a Si3N4 membrane and classical laser noise

We demonstrate a cryogenic optomechanical system comprising a flexible Si3N4 membrane placed at the center of a free-space optical cavity in a 400 mK cryogenic environment. We observe a mechanical quality factor Q > 4 × 106 for the 261 kHz fundamental drum-head mode of the membrane, and a cavity resonance halfwidth of 60 kHz. The optomechanical system therefore operates in the resolved sideband limit. We monitor the membrane's thermal motion using a heterodyne optical circuit capable of simultaneously measuring both of the mechanical sidebands, and find that the observed optical spring and damping quantitatively agree with theory. The mechanical sidebands exhibit a Fano lineshape, and to explain this we develop a theory describing heterodyne measurements in the presence of correlated classical laser noise. Finally, we discuss the use of a passive filter cavity to remove classical laser noise, and consider the future requirements for laser cooling this relatively large and low-frequency mechanical element to very near its quantum mechanical ground state.
Reassortant influenza A viruses in wild duck populations: effects on viral shedding and persistence in water

Wild ducks of the genus Anas represent the natural hosts for a large genetic diversity of influenza A viruses. In these hosts, co-infections with different virus genotypes are frequent and result in high rates of genetic reassortment. Recent genomic data have provided information regarding the pattern and frequency of these reassortant viruses in duck populations; however, potential consequences on viral shedding and maintenance in the environment have not been investigated. On the basis of full-genome sequencing, we identified five virus genotypes, in a wild duck population in northwestern Minnesota (USA), that naturally arose from genetic reassortments. We investigated the effects of influenza A virus genotype on the viral shedding pattern in Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and the duration of infectivity in water, under different temperature regimens. Overall, we found that variation in the viral genome composition of these isolates had limited effects on duration, extent and pattern of viral shedding, as well as on the reduction of infectivity in water over time. These results support that, in wild ducks, functionally equivalent gene segments could be maintained in virus populations with no fitness costs when genetic reassortments occur.
An evaluation of reverse engineering tool capabilities

Reverse engineering tools support software engineers in the process of analysing and understanding complex software systems during maintenance, re-engineering or re-architecturing. The functionality of such tools varies from editing and browsing capabilities to the generation of textual and graphical reports. There are several commercial reverse engineering tools on the market providing different capabilities and supporting specific source code languages. We evaluated four reverse engineering tools that analyse C source code: Refine/C, Imagix 4D, SNiFF+ and Rigi. We investigated the capabilities of these tools by applying them to a real-world embedded software system as a case study. We identified benefits and shortcomings of these tools and assessed their applicability for embedded software systems, their usability and their extensibility. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On Modelling Multicore Clusters

Multicore architectures are an important contribution in computing technology since they are capable of providing more processing power with better cost-benefit than single-core processors. Cores execute instructions independently but share critical resources such as L2 cache memory and data channels. Clusters using multicore architectures or multiprocessors chips (MPC's) suggest a hierarchical memory environment. Parallel applications should take advantage of such memory hierarchy to achieve high performance. This paper presents a performance analysis of a synthetic application in a multicore cluster and introduces a preliminary architecture model that considers communication through both shared memory and data channels and its impact on the application performance.
Characterization of apoptosis in PER.C6® batch and perfusion cultures

Preventing or delaying cell death is a challenge in mammalian cell cultures for the development and optimization of production processes for biopharmaceuticals. Cell cultures need to be maintained highly viable for extended times in order to reach maximum production yields. Moreover, programmed cell death through apoptosis is often believed to occur without being detected by classical viability measurements. In this study, we characterized cell death in PER.C6® batch and perfusion cultures using three flow cytometry techniques measuring different steps of the apoptosis cascade: DNA fragmentation, caspases activation and phosphatidylserine externalization. We showed that apoptosis is the main pathway of PER.C6® cell death in batch cultures after depletion of main carbon sources. In high cell density perfusion cultures fed at a constant specific perfusion rate, both high viability and very limited apoptosis were observed. When extending this perfusion process far beyond standard operations, cultures were exposed to suboptimal process conditions, which resulted in an increase of apoptotic cell death. Moreover, we showed that the reference viability measurement using trypan blue exclusion properly assesses the level of cell death in PER.C6® cultures. This study is a first step in understanding the mechanisms of PER.C6® cell death, which will be helpful to support applications of the cell line. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2015;112: 569–578. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Robot navigation in hand-drawn sketched maps

Many navigation systems for mobile robots use a metrical map for localization and trajectory planning. In several situations, however, building such a map upfront is hard or even impossible. In this paper, we present a combined approach for robot localization and navigation solely relying on a hand-drawn sketch of the environment. In our work we model the sketch as a two-dimensional manifold with an unknown metric. We use Monte Carlo Localization for estimating the state of the robot in combination with the local deformation of the sketch. Accordingly, our approach can track both, the pose of the robot and the local metric properties of the drawing. Furthermore, we couple the pose tracker with a path planner that uses the global information of the sketch and the estimated local metric to robustly perform navigation tasks in real world environments.
Internet based vascular risk factor management for patients with clinically manifest vascular disease: randomised controlled trial

Objective To investigate whether an internet based, nurse led vascular risk factor management programme promoting self management on top of usual care is more effective than usual care alone in reducing vascular risk factors in patients with clinically manifest vascular disease. Design Prospective randomised controlled trial. Setting Multicentre trial in secondary and tertiary healthcare setting. Participants 330 patients with a recent clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis in the coronary, cerebral, or peripheral arteries and with at least two treatable risk factors not at goal. Intervention Personalised website with an overview and actual status of patients’ risk factors and mail communication via the website with a nurse practitioner for 12 months; the intervention combined self management support, monitoring of disease control, and drug treatment. Main outcome measures The primary endpoint was the relative change in Framingham heart risk score after 1 year. Secondary endpoints were absolute changes in the levels of risk factors and the differences between groups in the change in proportion of patients reaching treatment goals for each risk factor. Results Participants’ mean age was 59.9 (SD 8.4) years, and most patients (n=246; 75%) were male. After 1 year, the relative change in Framingham heart risk score of the intervention group compared with the usual care group was −14% (95% confidence interval −25% to −2%). At baseline, the Framingham heart risk score was higher in the intervention group than in the usual care group (16.1 (SD 10.6) v 14.0 (10.5)), so the outcome was adjusted for the separate variables of the Framingham heart risk score and for the baseline Framingham heart risk score. This produced a relative change of −12% (−22% to −3%) in Framingham heart risk score for the intervention group compared with the usual care group adjusted for the separate variables of the score and −8% (−18% to 2%) adjusted for the baseline score. Of the individual risk factors, a difference between groups was observed in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.3, −0.5 to −0.1, mmol/L) and smoking (−7.7%, −14.9% to −0.4%). Some other risk factors tended to improve (body mass index, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, renal function) or tended to worsen (glucose concentration, albuminuria). Conclusion An internet based, nurse led treatment programme on top of usual care for vascular risk factors had a small effect on lowering vascular risk and on lowering of some vascular risk factors in patients with vascular disease. Trial registration Clinical trials NCT00785031.
High performance complementary Ge peaking FinFETs by room temperature neutral beam oxidation for sub-7 nm technology node applications

Ge peaking n- and p-FinFETs have been demonstrated by adopting neutral beam etching (NBE) and anisotropic neutral beam oxidation (NBO) processes. The irradiation-free NB processes not only suppress surface roughness but also guarantee low defect generation on the etched Ge surface. The fabricated Ge peaking FinFETs possess several unique features: (1) A peaking fin configuration with a 6-nm top-gate formed by an anisotropic NBO process at room temperature. (2) Nearly defect-free three dimensional channel surfaces by NB processes. (3) Ion and Gm improvement by NB processes as compared to that by conventional inductively coupled plasma etching (ICP). (4) Recorded high Ion/Ioff ratio and low subthreshold swing (S.S. ∼ 70 mV/dec.) of Ge n-FinFETs. (5) Excellent immunity for short channel effect of Ge FinFETs.
Environmental measures for hotels' environmental management systems : ISO 14001

Purpose – Implementation of environmental management systems (EMS) in hotels is gaining popularity world‐wide. ISO 14001, which is the only certifying document in the ISO 14000 series, provides guidelines to set up an EMS. However, there is a paucity of information about the actual environmental measures implemented in ISO 14001 certified hotels. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify and generalize the environmental measures undertaken by studied hotels and to evaluate the performance of these environmental measures.Design/methodology/approach – Three case studies were carried out to identify the green measures undertaken in ISO 14001‐certified hotels. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed. Then, regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between monthly utilities input (electricity, gas, fuel oil and water) and activity parameters.Findings – A total of 113 measures were identified, nearly half of which concern energy conservation. Results of m.
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and fresh fruit intake are associated with improved asthma control

Background: The traditional Mediterranean diet is claimed to possess antioxidant and immune‐regulatory properties in several chronic diseases. Typical Mediterranean foods have recently been associated with improvement of symptoms of asthma and rhinitis in children. However the effect of adherence to Mediterranean diet on adult asthma outcomes is unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to Mediterranean diet and asthma control.
Earlier nesting by loggerhead sea turtles following sea surface warming

The onset of spring, noted by the timing of wildlife migratory and breeding behaviors, has been occurring earlier over the past few decades. Here, we examine 15 years of loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, nesting patterns along a 40.5 km beach on Florida's Atlantic coast. This small section of beach is considered to be the most important nesting area for this threatened species in the western hemisphere. From 1989 to 2003, the annual number of nests fluctuated between 13 000 and 25 000 without a conspicuous trend; however, based on a regression analysis, the median nesting date became earlier by roughly 10 days. The Julian day of median nesting was significantly correlated with near‐shore, May sea surface temperatures that warmed an average of 0.8°C over this period. This marine example from warm temperate/subtropical waters represents another response of nature to recent climate trends.
Ageing of impregnated polypropylene film for capacitor application under combined electrical and thermal stress

In order to establish the service reliability of PP (polypropylene) film with new capacitor impregnants, life evaluation studies were conducted on scaled-down models of impregnated capacitor elements. The results of aging studies conducted under accelerated electrical and thermal stresses are discussed. The effect of combined stress aging on the electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the PP film has also been examined. It is shown that the use of the Eyring model appears appropriate for estimation of capacitor dielectric under multifactor stress. The effect of temperature on this dielectric system beyond 80 degrees C is predominant. <<ETX>>
UV-B-Responsive Association of the Arabidopsis bZIP Transcription Factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 with Target Genes, Including Its Own Promoter[W][OPEN]

The bZIP transcription factor HY5 plays an important role in the UV-B photoreceptor-regulated signaling pathway. This work shows that UV-B enhances the binding of HY5 to the promoters of UV-B-responsive genes and that HY5, as well as its homolog HYH, interact directly with the cis-regulatory T/G-box of the HY5 promoter to mediate UV-B-induced transcriptional activation of HY5. In plants subjected to UV-B radiation, responses are activated that minimize damage caused by UV-B. The bZIP transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) acts downstream of the UV-B photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8) and promotes UV-B-induced photomorphogenesis and acclimation. Expression of HY5 is induced by UV-B; however, the transcription factor(s) that regulate HY5 transcription in response to UV-B and the impact of UV-B on the association of HY5 with its target promoters are currently unclear. Here, we show that HY5 binding to the promoters of UV-B-responsive genes is enhanced by UV-B in a UVR8-dependent manner in Arabidopsis thaliana. In agreement, overexpression of REPRESSOR OF UV-B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS2, a negative regulator of UVR8 function, blocks UV-B-responsive HY5 enrichment at target promoters. Moreover, we have identified a T/G-box in the HY5 promoter that is required for its UV-B responsiveness. We show that HY5 and its homolog HYH bind to the T/GHY5-box cis-acting element and that they act redundantly in the induction of HY5 expression upon UV-B exposure. Therefore, HY5 is enriched at target promoters in response to UV-B in a UVR8 photoreceptor-dependent manner, and HY5 and HYH interact directly with a T/G-box cis-acting element of the HY5 promoter, mediating the transcriptional activation of HY5 in response to UV-B.
A Serine Protease from a Detergent-soluble Extract of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis

Abstract Proteases mediate important crucial functions in parasitic diseases, and their characterization contributes to the understanding of host-parasite interaction. A serine protease was purified about 43-fold with a total recovery of 60% from a detergent-soluble extract of promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis. The purification procedures included aprotinin-agarose affinity chromatography and gel filtration high performance liquid chromatography. The molecular mass of active enzyme was 110 kDa by native gel filtration HPLC and by SDSPAGE gelatin under non-reducing conditions. Under conditions of reduction using SDSPAGE gelatin analyses the activity of enzyme was observed in two proteins of 60 and 45 kDa, suggesting that the enzyme may be considered as a dimer. The Leishmania protease was not glycosylated, and its isoelectric point (pI) was around 4.8. The maximal protease activity was at pH 7.0 and 28 °C, using α-N-ᵨ-tosyl-ʟ-arginyl-methyl ester (ʟ-TAME) as substrate. Assays of thermal stability indicated that this enzyme was totally denatured after pre-treatment at 42 °C for 12 min and preserved only 20% of its activity after pre-treatment at 37 °C for 24 h, in the absence of substrate. Hemoglobin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), ovalbumin and gelatin were hydrolyzed by Leishmania protease. Inhibition studies indicated that the enzyme belonged to a serine protease class because of a significant impediment by serine protease inhibitors such as benzamidine, aprotinin, and antipain. The activity of the present serine protease is negatively modulated by calcium and zinc and positively modulated by manganese ions. This is the first study that reports the purification of a protease from a detergent-soluble extract of Leishmania species.
High Performance Natural Language Processing on Semantic Network Array Processor

This paper describes a natural language processing system developed for the Semantic Network Array Processor (SNAP). The goal of our work is to develop a scalable and high-performance natural language processing system which utilizes the high degree of parallelism provided by the SNAP machine. We have implemented an experimental machine translation system as a central part of a real-time speech-to-speech dialogue translation system. It is a SNAP version of the Φ DMDIAIOG speech-to-speech translation system. Memory-based natural language processing and syntactic constraint network model has been incorporated using parallel marker-passing which is directly supported from hardware level. Experimental results demonstrate that the parsing of a sentence is done in the order of milliseconds.
An approximation scheme for stochastic linear programming and its application to stochastic integer programs

Stochastic optimization problems attempt to model uncertainty in the data by assuming that the input is specified by a probability distribution. We consider the well-studied paradigm of 2-stage models with recourse: first, given only distributional information about (some of) the data one commits on initial actions, and then once the actual data is realized (according to the distribution), further (recourse) actions can be taken. We show that for a broad class of 2-stage linear models with recourse, one can, for any ε > 0, in time polynomial in 1/ε and the size of the input, compute a solution of value within a factor (1+ε) of the optimum, in spite of the fact that exponentially many second-stage scenarios may occur. In conjunction with a suitable rounding scheme, this yields the first approximation algorithms for 2-stage stochastic integer optimization problems where the underlying random data is given by a “black box” and no restrictions are placed on the costs in the two stages. Our rounding approach for stochastic integer programs shows that an approximation algorithm for a deterministic analogue yields, with a small constant-factor loss, provably near-optimal solutions for the stochastic generalization. Among the range of applications, we consider are stochastic versions of the multicommodity flow, set cover, vertex cover, and facility location problems.
Data De-Duplication with Adaptive Chunking and Accelerated Modification Identifying

The data de-duplication system not only pursues the high de-duplication rate, which refers to the aggregate reduction in storage requirements gained from de-duplication, but also the de-duplication speed. To solve the problem of random parameter-setting brought by Content Defined Chunking (CDC), a self-adaptive data chunking algorithm is proposed. The algorithm improves the de-duplication rate by conducting pre-processing de-duplication to the samples of the classified files and then selecting the appropriate algorithm parameters. Meanwhile, FastCDC, a kind of content-based fast data chunking algorithm, is adopted to solve the problem of low de-duplication speed of CDC. By introducing de-duplication factor and acceleration factor, FastCDC can significantly boost de-duplication speed while not sacrificing the de-duplication rate through adjusting these two parameters. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can improve the de-duplication rate by about 5 %, while FastCDC can obtain the increase of de-duplication speed by 50 % to 200 % only at the expense of less than 3 % de-duplication rate loss.
Correlation of Radionuclide Estimates of Myocardial Infarction Size and Release of Creatine Kinase‐MB in Man

Creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme release (CK-MB-g-Eq) was correlated with left ventricular (LV) radionuclide gated blood pool wall motion estimates of percent abnormally contracting regions (%ACR), ejection fraction (EF) and quantitative thallium-201 (Tl-201) LV perfusion scintigraphy (Tl-201 perfusion index) during evolving myocardial infarction (MI). Of the 35 patients, 14 had no evidence of either prior MI or right ventricular (RV) MI, and the CK-MB-g-Eq showed reasonable correlation with %ACR (r = 0.72; SEE = 18.28), with EF (r = −0.78; SEE = 0.07) and with the TI-201 perfusion index (r = 0.65; SEE = 7.93). In the six patients with prior MI there was no significant correlation between CK-MB-g-Eq and %ACR, EF or Tl-201 perfusion index. Eight other patients had a RVEF that was less than one-half of the LVEF, as well as regional RV wall motion abnormalities, suggesting a combination ofLV and RV necrosis. In these patients, there was no significant correlation between CK-MB-g-Eq and %ACR, LVEF or TI-201 perfusion index. In seven patients with two peaks to their CK-MB release curve, before CK-MB returned to baseline, CKMB- g-Eq was associated with early %ACR (r = 0.71; SEE = 21.06), EF (r = −0.81; SEE = 0.14) and with the early Tl-201 perfusion index (r = 0.78; SEE = 6.46), suggesting either that small extensions are beyond the resolution of the radionuclide assessment techniques used in this study or that these patients represent a variant CK-MB release pattern unassociated with extension. These independent radionuclide and enzymatic data suggest that radionuclide techniques may be a reliable clinical method for assessing the extent of LV necrosis during MI. However, limitations may exist in certain cases when either concurrent RV necrosis or prior MI are present.