Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
COX-Independent Mechanisms of Cancer Chemoprevention by Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitors, reduce the risk of developing cancer. Experimental studies in human cancer cell lines and rodent models of carcinogenesis support these observations by providing strong evidence for the antineoplastic properties of NSAIDs. The involvement of COX-2 in tumorigenesis and its overexpression in various cancer tissues suggest that inhibition of COX-2 is responsible for the chemopreventive efficacy of these agents. However, the precise mechanisms by which NSAIDs exert their antiproliferative effects are still a matter of debate. Numerous other studies have shown that NSAIDs can act through COX-independent mechanisms. This review provides a detailed description of the major COX-independent molecular targets of NSAIDs and discusses how these targets may be involved in their anticancer effects. Toxicities resulting from COX inhibition and the suppression of prostaglandin synthesis preclude the long-term use of NSAIDs for cancer chemoprevention. Furthermore, chemopreventive efficacy is incomplete and treatment often leads to the development of resistance. Identification of alternative NSAID targets and elucidation of the biochemical processes by which they inhibit tumor growth could lead to the development of safer and more efficacious drugs for cancer chemoprevention.
Sources and light absorption of water-soluble organic carbon aerosols in the outflow from northern China

Abstract. High loadings of anthropogenic carbonaceous aerosols in Chinese air influence the air quality for over one billion people and impact the regional climate. A large fraction (17–80%) of this aerosol carbon is water-soluble, promoting cloud formation and thus climate cooling. Recent findings, however, suggest that water-soluble carbonaceous aerosols also absorb sunlight, bringing additional direct and indirect climate warming effects, yet the extent and nature of light absorption by this water-soluble "brown carbon" and its relation to sources is poorly understood. Here, we combine source estimates constrained by dual carbon isotopes with light-absorption measurements of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) for a March 2011 campaign at the Korea Climate Observatory at Gosan (KCOG), a receptor station in SE Yellow Sea for the outflow from northern China. The mass absorption cross section at 365 nm (MAC365) of WSOC for air masses from N. China were in general higher (0.8–1.1 m2 g−1), than from other source regions (0.3–0.8 m2 g−1). However, this effect corresponds to only 2–10% of the radiative forcing caused by light absorption by elemental carbon. Radiocarbon constraints show that the WSOC in Chinese outflow had significantly higher fraction fossil sources (30–50%) compared to previous findings in S. Asia, N. America and Europe. Stable carbon (δ13C) measurements were consistent with aging during long-range air mass transport for this large fraction of carbonaceous aerosols.
W-Band Characterizations of Printed Circuit Board Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide Multi-Resonator Method

This paper provides a broadband measurement method at W-band for printed circuit board (PCB) properties using multiple substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) resonators, i.e., SIW multi-resonator method. Eight SIW resonators are designed in series fed by a rectangular waveguide through coupling slots. All resonators operate at TE101 mode with different resonant frequencies. Multi-resonator Foster form is employed to obtain unloaded resonant frequency of each SIW cavity. After introducing the testing procedure, a number of samples based on different PCBs are fabricated and accurately measured to verify the feasibility of this method.
Exploring the Developmental Overnutrition Hypothesis Using Parental–Offspring Associations and FTO as an Instrumental Variable

Background The developmental overnutrition hypothesis suggests that greater maternal obesity during pregnancy results in increased offspring adiposity in later life. If true, this would result in the obesity epidemic progressing across generations irrespective of environmental or genetic changes. It is therefore important to robustly test this hypothesis. Methods and Findings We explored this hypothesis by comparing the associations of maternal and paternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) with offspring dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)–determined fat mass measured at 9 to 11 y (4,091 parent–offspring trios) and by using maternal FTO genotype, controlling for offspring FTO genotype, as an instrument for maternal adiposity. Both maternal and paternal BMI were positively associated with offspring fat mass, but the maternal association effect size was larger than that in the paternal association in all models: mean difference in offspring sex- and age-standardised fat mass z-score per 1 standard deviation BMI 0.24 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22 to 0.26) for maternal BMI versus 0.13 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.15) for paternal BMI; p-value for difference in effect < 0.001. The stronger maternal association was robust to sensitivity analyses assuming levels of non-paternity up to 20%. When maternal FTO, controlling for offspring FTO, was used as an instrument for the effect of maternal adiposity, the mean difference in offspring fat mass z-score per 1 standard deviation maternal BMI was −0.08 (95% CI: −0.56 to 0.41), with no strong statistical evidence that this differed from the observational ordinary least squares analyses (p = 0.17). Conclusions Neither our parental comparisons nor the use of FTO genotype as an instrumental variable, suggest that greater maternal BMI during offspring development has a marked effect on offspring fat mass at age 9–11 y. Developmental overnutrition related to greater maternal BMI is unlikely to have driven the recent obesity epidemic.
A Novel 3D Model Retrieval Method Based on the Object Outline of Image

To compensate the drawbacks of traditional 3D model retrieval methods which adopt several keywords or a sample model, the paper proposes a novel retrieval method based on the image which contains user's desired object. Since object's outline can efficiently describe its content especially its shape, we first extract the object outline from image and then obtain the set of shape points from the outline. Through comparing the shape feature of the outlines of 3D model's multiple 2D projections with that of the desired object's outline, the related 3D models are returned. The experiments conducted on a classical 3D model database, Princeton Shape Benchmark, show that our method can efficiently retrieve the desired models according to the images obtained from web and digital camera.
RFID Multiple Access Methods

Due to their limitless possibilities and low cost, RFID systems are powerful object identication tools well-suited in everyday applications. When attempting to identify multiple RFID tags from densely populated elds within the shortest timeframe possible , the typical design characteristics of RFID systems lead to a problematic lack of adequate resources to eciently do so. After a brief introduction to RFID we present several forms of the multiple-access protocol Aloha known from networking to resolve collisions, with special focus on the variants thereof which make them attractive for deploying in RFID systems. We then review a series of commercially available or standards-dened RFID systems, and liken the contention resolution protocols used to the presented Aloha variants. The problematic of comparing the systems' performance will be addressed, and several systems briey put against one-another.
Effects of Age- Related Stereotype Threat on Memory and Executive Function

Author(s): Fourquet, Natasha Y. | Advisor(s): Knowlton, Barbara J | Abstract: Recall performance is greatly affected when older adults are presented with stereotype threat regarding memory (See Lamont et al., 2015 for a review). Stereotype threat is a concern that one’s performance will confirm negative stereotypes about one’s group. In Study 1 (Chapter 2), we examined the effect of threat on metamemory processes and memory selectivity for high value information. Our findings showed that threat affected calibration (i.e., bets-recall, p=.045) and total score (p=.03), both which require metacognitive control. Our threat manipulation did not affect value. That is, both groups placed bets and recalled more high-value words than low and medium value words (pg.05). Metacognition goes hand in hand with executive control, thus it is possible that threat burdened both cognitive processes. Moreover, the effect of value was stronger than that of threat. In Study 2 (Chapter 3), we were interested in testing the effect of threat when the manipulation was done after encoding (i.e., prior to retrieval). We found no differences across groups in free recall or cued recall with this manipulation. However, we cannot refute the plausible effect of threat on retrieval given differences in experimental conditions (i.e., encoding time) between the current study and previous research. Taken together, our results provide partial support for executive function (See Chapter 2) as a possible mechanism of stereotype threat’s effect on memory performance.We were interested in contributing to the growing body of literature on the cognitive mechanisms that underlie this disruption in performance. Study 3 (Chapter 4) aimed to assess the effect of different types of threat on executive function. Older adults were assigned to one of three conditions: a neutral, memory threat, or processing speed threat condition. Participants completed a task-switching paradigm, in which global, local, and alternating switch costs were examined. Reaction time and accuracy were used as dependent measures. Overall, participants displayed a pattern of performance that is consistent with the task switching literature. That is, older adults showed global and local switch costs (e.g., Mayr, 2001). Participants in the memory threat condition did not differ greatly from those in the neutral condition, while participants in the processing speed threat condition were significantly faster than the other two groups, (p=.03). We did not observe an interaction between trial type and group for local switch costs (pg.05). Group differences only emerged for global switch trials. It is possible that our processing speed threat manipulation may have prompted a reminder about the objective of the task. Taken together, incorporating value-based tasks into neuropsychological assessments would provide an improved objective measure of memory performance. Also, as suggested by Study 3 deemphasizing memory prior to a task of executive function may improve performance.
Investigation into the reasons for preventable drug related admissions to a medical admissions unit: observational study

Objective: To describe the drugs and types of medicine management problems most frequently associated with preventable drug related admissions to an acute medical admissions unit. Design: Observation study. Setting: Medical admissions unit in a teaching hospital in Nottingham, UK. Participants: 4093 patients seen by pharmacists on the medical admissions unit between 1 January and 30 June 2001. Main outcome measures: Proportion of admissions that were drug related and preventable, classification of the underlying causes of preventable drug related admissions, and identification of drugs most commonly associated with preventable drug related admissions. Results: Of the admissions seen by pharmacists, 265 (6.5%) were judged to be drug related and 178 (67%) of these were judged to be preventable. Preventable admissions were mainly due to problems with prescribing (63 cases (35%)), monitoring (46 cases (26%)), and adherence to medication (53 cases (30%)). The drugs most commonly implicated were NSAIDs, antiplatelets, antiepileptics, hypoglycaemics, diuretics, inhaled corticosteroids, cardiac glycosides, and beta-blockers. Conclusions: Potentially preventable drug related morbidity was associated with 4.3% of admissions to a medical admissions unit. In 91% of cases these admissions were related to problems with either prescribing, monitoring, or adherence.
When God Beckons: Stories of the ‘Call’ in a Pentecostal Church

Abstract The biblical narratives are inspired texts to the Pentecostals, as they are to many other Christians. Most Pentecostals accept that these biblical narratives offer the guiding templates through which a religious worldview is constructed. This paper is informed by how ‘narratives’ are positioned within Pentecostalism, and similarly adopts ‘narrative’ as a methodological heuristic mechanism. To this end the narratives of a small group of individuals are used as a heuristic device to understand the ‘call’ to ministry, as received and understood by them as they go on to assume pastoral duties within the Church that they belong to. It is felt that such calls to ministry offer a rare window into a decidedly understudied phenomenon within black ministry.
Academic Coping Styles, Self-Concept, and Stress.

College students employ a number of cognitive strategies to help them cope with stress and anxiety. Some students expect to do well and have done well in the past (optimists), while others have done well in the past but expect to perform poorly on future tasks (defense-pessimists). Such coping strategies have been presumed to cushion self-esteem from threatening situations. This study questioned the assumption that coping strategies primarily cushion global self-esteem by examining which specific components or facets of self-concept differentiate optimists from defensive-pessimists. The relative strengths of 13 components of self-concept were compared between groups of college students (N=209) living on campus at a nofthwestern university, utilizing distinct coping strategies. The results indicated that strategies may have differential costs in the form of levels of stress. This study provides a new view of the dynamics and implications of coping styles used In academic situations. Rather than assume that coping styles are cushioning strategies for "self-esteem" per se, it is just as likely that they have more specificity and cushion weak or poorly developed facets of the self. Regarding stress, indeed defensive-pessimists and those without consistent coping strategies showed themselves to be more stressed that optimists. Although non-optimistic strategies may work, they may not be worth the price of long term stress. (Author/ABL) ********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. * ********************************************************************** ACADEMIC COPING STYLES, SELFCONCEPT, AND STRESS Charles R. Morrison, Joan Pulakos, & Steve A. Saladin University of Idaho Student Counseling Center U.S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and improvemen! EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) "'This document has been reproduced as received from the perSon or organization mnafing it p Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction duality Points of view or opinions staled in this clixu men, do not necessarily represent official OERI posiNon or poky Contact: Charles R. Morrison, Ph.D. Student Counseling Center University of Idaho Moscow, Idaho 83843 Ph. (208) 885-6716 "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY 73? / /e'. 6 f /170/1/ 50 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)" Presented at the 99th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association at San Francisco, Saturday, August 17, 1991. BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 Academic Coping Styles, Self-Concept, and Stress
Strategic navigation: a comparative study of Black male scholar athletes’ experiences at a Historically Black College/University (HBCU) and Historically White University (HWU)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine and contrast the experiences of Black male scholar athletes at a Division I historically Black college/university (HBCU) and historically White university (HWU) and identify key contributors to their positive transitional experiences (academic, athletic, and social) in college. Two focus groups, 8 individual interviews, and an eight-item demographic questionnaire were conducted with 12 Black male scholar athletes. An anti-deficit achievement framework and critical race methodology were incorporated to better understand the processes by which participants’ experienced positive transitional outcomes in two distinct racial, sociocultural, and educational milieus. Findings revealed key similarities as well as distinct differences in the navigational strategies and institutional influences that facilitated each group’s positive experiences. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Viewpoint-based Text Categorization and Summarization

科学技術や文化の急速な発展によって,言葉や事柄についてWorld Wide Web上のツールを用い て調べる機会が増えている. 検索エンジンは情報の量が多いものの,情報が統制されておらず質が 低い. 人手で編集する事典は情報の質が高いものの,情報の量が制限される. 両者の長所を統合 するために,筆者らは,Web情報や特許情報から説明テキストを抽出し,体系化する研究を行っ ている. 本研究は,ある見出し語について説明した複数のテキストを観点に基づいて分類するこ とで,多面的な要約を生成する手法を提案する. 動物名や病名といった見出し語の種類によって 説明に必要な観点が異なるため,人手による手法では大規模化が困難である. そこで,Wikipedia から見出し語の種類ごとに観点の構造に関するテンプレートを抽出する. さらに,Wikipediaの 記事を機械学習のデータとして利用して,与えられた説明テキストを適切な観点に分類する. 評 価実験によって本手法の有効性を示す.
Quantitation of a transformation-sensitive, adhesive cell surface glycoprotein. Decrease of several untransformed permanent cell lines

We have quantitated the transformation-sensitive, cell surface LETS glycoprotein on many untransformed cell types. By SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, this trypsin-sensitive iodinatable glycoprotein comprises 1-3% of total cellular protein of the seven early passage cell types tested. In contrast, it constitutes less than 0.15% of the protein in four of six continuous cell lines. This decrease is reflected in alterations both in [14C]glucosamine labeling and in the immunofluorescent staining of early passage vs. these four permanent cell lines. These results help to clarify previous experiments in which CSP, a purified LETS protein, partially restored a fibroblastic phenotype to cells transformed by tumor viruses. These findings also indicate that a major decrease in this cell surface glycoprotein can occur in the establishment of a continuous cell line without resulting in cellular transformation.
The Promising Potential of Menstrual Stem Cells for Antenatal Diagnosis and Cell Therapy

Menstrual-derived stem cells (MenSCs) are a new source of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the menstrual fluid. Currently, there is a growing interest in their clinical potential due to fact that they are multipotent, highly proliferative, and easy to obtain in a non-invasive manner. Sampling can be repeated periodically in a simplified and reproducible manner devoid of complications that no existing cell source can match. MenSCs are also free of ethical dilemmas, and display novel properties with regard to presently known adult derived stem cells. This review details their distinctive biological properties regarding immunophenotype and function, proliferation rate, differentiation potential, and paracrine effects mediated by secreted factors. Their possible role in antenatal diagnosis is also discussed. While more insight on their immunomodulatory and diagnostic properties is needed, the impact of clinical and epidemiological factors, such as age, use of contraceptives, or hormonal status still requires further investigations to properly assess their current and future use in clinical application and diagnosis.
Expert Finding for Question Answering via Graph Regularized Matrix Completion

Expert finding for question answering is a challenging problem in community-based question answering (CQA) systems, arising in many real applications such as question routing and identification of best answers. In order to provide high-quality experts, many existing approaches learn the user model from their past question-answering activities in CQA systems. However, the past activities of users in most CQA systems are rather few, and thus the user model may not be well inferred in practice. In this paper, we consider the problem of expert finding from the viewpoint of missing value estimation. We then employ users' social networks for inferring user model, and thus improve the performance of expert finding in CQA systems. In addition, we develop a novel graph-regularized matrix completion algorithm for inferring the user model. We further develop two efficient iterative procedures, GRMC-EGM and GRMC-AGM, to solve the optimization problem. GRMC-EGM utilizes the Extended Gradient Method (EGM), while GRMC-AGM applies the Accelerated proximal Gradient search Method (AGM), for the optimization. We evaluate our methods on the well-known question answering system Quora, and the popular social network Twitter. Our empirical study shows the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in comparison to the state-of-the-art expert finding algorithms.
Dietary shift of an invasive predator: rats, seabirds and sea turtles

Summary 1 Rats have reached about 80% of the world's islands and are among the most successful invasive mammals. Rats are opportunistic predators that are notorious for their impact on a variety of animal and plant species. However, little documented evidence on the complexities of these interactions is available.2 In our study, we assessed the impact of black rats Rattus rattus introduced on a small uninhabited island with a relatively simple ecosystem, Surprise Island, New Caledonia. We also compared the diet of R. rattus in the presence and absence of breeding seabirds, assessing the dietary compensation for this potentially important food source. From 2002 to 2005, we used live trapping studies combined with stable isotope analysis and conventional diet analyses (direct observations, gut and faecal contents) to characterize the diet of rats.3 Our results suggest a heavy predatory impact on seabirds, which could constitute as much as 24% of the rat diet. Moreover, in the absence of birds, rats compensated marginally by preying more heavily on other components of their diet but mostly acquired a new resource. They shifted their diet by preying heavily upon another endangered species, the hatchlings of sea turtles Chelonia mydas, which could constitute the main resource in the diet of R. rattus in those periods. Abundance, body condition and distribution of the rats were consistent with heavy predation upon this additional resource.4 Synthesis and applications. In island ecosystems invasive rats prey mainly upon seabird eggs and chicks, thereby threatening their populations. Although rats are certainly capable of surviving on terrestrial foods outside the seabird nesting season, their ability to prey upon ephemeral but abundant resources, such as hatchling sea turtles, may contribute to maintaining their populations. This may explain their success on Surprise Island, an ecosystem of extreme conditions, and suggests that biologists and managers working with threatened species should be aware of the possibility of temporary diet shifts by introduced rodents that may cause unexpected heavy predation on these species. This dietary shift from one endangered taxa to another has major implications for the conservation of seabirds and sea turtles world‐wide and more generally for the biodiversity of invaded insular communities.