Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of data logger using lossless data compression method for Internet of Things

Internet of Things (IoT) has the ability to monitor and control various electronic devices. This technology need M2M device that serves as the middleware. The data logger can be developed into M2M devices on the IoT. These devices have limited external data storage memory, which can be useful as a data storage when a transmission failure due to limited network. In the monitoring process with a lot of sensors, data logger capable of transmitting and storing data in memory with limited data. The memory capacity of the data logger limited size can increase the size by using the method of data compression. Compression method used in this device is lossless. Lossless compression method used for data compression in the data logger. This method can restore the size of data that has been compressed to the size of the original. In this study, we obtained the compression ratio (CR) is 50% for the compression method used in the data logger. Time sampling that can be set in data logger is more than ± 1518ms.
Time-optimal Control of Spin Systems

The paper discusses various aspects of time-optimal control of quantum spin systems, modelled as right-invariant systems on a compact Lie group G. The main results are the reduction of such a system to an equivalent system on a homogeneous space G/H, and the explicit determination of optimal trajectories on G/H in the case where G/H is a Riemannian symmetric space. These results are mainly obtained by using methods from Lie theory and geometric control.
Governance of shared service centers in public administration: dilemmas and trade-offs

Governments are seeking ways to improve the service provisioning to their citizens by using the Internet, whilst at the same time reducing the operational costs in their back-office and IT. The implementation of shared service centers is claimed to be a valuable organizational redesign that will lead to less redundancy in operations, less staff and more concentrated knowledge accumulation. However, the decision making and subsequent implementation is a complex task full of risks on failure. This is partly due to migration of legacy IT systems, but diverse expectations and interests among the actors involved appear to be most decisive. Triggered by the failure of P-Direct, a major shared service center for HRM within the Dutch central government, this paper discusses the risks involved and the dilemma's one faces in design and implementation of shared service centers. There are various scenarios one can think of for decision-making and implementation, that lie in the spectrum from central top-down steering to bottom-up emergent process growth. The authors propose a framework for strategic choice that may guide in the search for a successful implementation strategy, and that may help future empirical research in developing "best practices".
Inhibition of Sympathetic Neurotransmission in Canine Blood Vessels by Adenosine and Adenine Nucleotides

SUMMARY Adenosine and the adenine nucleotides caused a greater relaxation of strips of canine saphenous vein and tibial artery when they had been contracted by nerve stimulation than by exogenous norepinephrine. An infusion of adenosine into the dogs' lateral saphenous vein, perfused at constant flow, caused a greater relaxation of this vein when constricted by electrical stimulation of the lumbar sympathetic chain than by exogenous norepinephrine. That this difference was due to inhibition by these compounds of the output of neurotransmirter from the sympathetic nerve endings was demonstrated by column chromatographic analysis of the radioactivity in the supervision fluid of vein strips, previously incubated with tritiated norepinephrine. Both adenosine and adenosine triphosphate (10-5 M) reduced the efflux of 3H-norepinephrine during nerve stimulation with electrical impulses. Adenosine also reduced the efflux caused by potassium (30 mM), but not that caused by tyramine (6 × 10-6 M). Theophylline antagonized the inhibitory effect of adenosine on the sympathetic neurotransmission. We found that at 4 × 10-4 M adenosine triphosphate still caused a decreased efflux of neurotransmitter during electrical stimulation, but with adenosine the 3H-norepinephrine efflux no longer decreased and the overflow of deaminated compounds increased. Furthermore, the same concentration of adenosine increased the efflux of 3H-norepinephrine and deaminated compounds in unstimulated strips, and the increase of 3H-norepinephrine was enhanced after mono-amine oxidase inhibition. Thus, we conclude that at higher concentrations adenosine increases the intraneuronal leakage of norepinephrine out of the storage vesicles.
Dynamic configuration management of cloud-based applications

Cloud-based applications are multi-tenant aware, whereas customers (i.e., tenants) share hardware and software resources. Offering highly configurable applications to thousands of tenants in a shared cloud environment demands for scalable configuration management. Based on an example scenario taken from the Indenica project, we identify requirements for applying methods from software product line (SPL) engineering to configure cloud-based multi-tenant aware applications. Using an extended feature model (EFM) to express variability of functionality and service qualities, we propose a concept for dynamic configuration management to address the identified requirements. Our proposed configuration management includes an adaptive staged configuration process that is capable of adding and removing stakeholders dynamically and that allows for reconfiguration of variants as stakeholders' objectives change.
The Cost of Biased Insurer Ratings

Numerous firms offer competing ratings of insurer financial condition. Insurance consumers, producers, and others commonly puzzle over which rating is more accurate. A 1994 Government Accounting Office (GAO) report judged the performance of a group of these insurance rating agencies. That report focused on Type I error (i.e., too high a rating on an insurer that defaults) rather than an appropriate balance between Type I and Type II error (i.e., too low a rating on an insurer that is financially stronger than indicated by the rating). This study investigates the consequences of focusing on Type I errors. We assume that both the demand and supply of insurance are related to an insurer’s rating. Using these assumptions, a model demonstrates the theoretical existence of a set of optimal insurer ratings and the societal cost imposed by rating-induced deviations from this set.
Using individual differences to test the role of temporal and place cues in coding frequency modulation.

The question of how frequency is coded in the peripheral auditory system remains unresolved. Previous research has suggested that slow rates of frequency modulation (FM) of a low carrier frequency may be coded via phase-locked temporal information in the auditory nerve, whereas FM at higher rates and/or high carrier frequencies may be coded via a rate-place (tonotopic) code. This hypothesis was tested in a cohort of 100 young normal-hearing listeners by comparing individual sensitivity to slow-rate (1-Hz) and fast-rate (20-Hz) FM at a carrier frequency of 500 Hz with independent measures of phase-locking (using dynamic interaural time difference, ITD, discrimination), level coding (using amplitude modulation, AM, detection), and frequency selectivity (using forward-masking patterns). All FM and AM thresholds were highly correlated with each other. However, no evidence was obtained for stronger correlations between measures thought to reflect phase-locking (e.g., slow-rate FM and ITD sensitivity), or between measures thought to reflect tonotopic coding (fast-rate FM and forward-masking patterns). The results suggest that either psychoacoustic performance in young normal-hearing listeners is not limited by peripheral coding, or that similar peripheral mechanisms limit both high- and low-rate FM coding.
Automatic transcription of parliamentary meetings and classroom lectures - A sustainable approach and real system evaluations -

Applications of automatic speech recognition (ASR) have been extended to a variety of tasks and domains, including spontaneous human-human speech. We have developed an ASR system for the Japanese Parliament (Diet), which is deployed this year. By exploiting official records made by human stenographers, we have realized an efficient training scheme of acoustic and language models, which does not require faithful transcripts and thus is scalable to enormous data. Evaluation results of the semi-automated model update are presented. We are also working on an ASR system for classroom lectures, which is intended for assisting hearing impaired students. As the classroom lectures in universities are very technical, efficient adaptation methods of acoustic and language models are investigated. A trial of realtime captioning for a hearing impaired student in our university is reported.
Active and passive damping based on piezoelectric elements -controllability issues-

Piezoelectric elements are widely used for damping micro-vibrations in mechanical structures. Active damping can be realised robustly by means of collocated actuator-sensor-pairs, controlled so as to extract vibration energy. Excellent damping performance is possible as long as sufficient controllability is assured. Passive damping based on a single piezoelectric element can be realised by the use of a resistive shunt. Damping performance however is very poor, due to the lack of controllability. A single piezoelectric element can also be used actively, in a self-sensing configuration, so as to improve controllability and damping performance. The non-linear capacitance of a piezoelectric element however endangers the robustness of the control scheme.
GEO 387 H : Approaches and Challenges in Ice Sheet Modelling

This is a review of some of the recent history of ice sheet modelling. A large source of uncertainty in future climate projections is the fate of the cryosphere: when, where, and how much ice will melt, and what effects that will have. The uncertainty is a function of the difficulty in modelling ice, both due to its complicated nature and due to our lack of information about the conditions within and beneath the ice sheets. This review will describe the rheology of ice, as well as the various boundary conditions that may be present at the edges of ice sheets. Next will follow a brief description of attempts to describe these interactions with models, beginning with one of the first tractable yet useful models, the shallow ice approximation (SIA). The two models that inform the IPCC’s recent predictions about future melting are SIA models: these models, and experiments coupling them to global climate models (GCMs) will be discussed. Recent, more advanced models will be briefly described, and possible future directions of ice sheet modelling will be suggested.
Green Handover with a Hybrid Satisfaction Mechanism

Green communications have emerged as one of the most important trends in wireless communications because of its several advantages of interference reduction, battery life increase and electrical bill cut. Its application to handover mechanisms is a crucial operation for its integration in practical systems, as handover is one of the most resource-consuming operations in the system, and it has to be optimized under the objective of green communications. On the other hand, a decrease in the energy consumption should not mean lower performance for the operator and customers. Therefore, this paper will present a hybrid handover mechanism where two conflict objectives of load balancing and energy consumption are tackled, where the operator’s objective is to balance the data load among its macroand small-cells, while the user equipment objective is to decrease the consumed energy in order to guarantee a larger battery life. Interesting conclusions are obtained about the presented approach through computer simulations.
Anti-Arthritic and Analgesic Effect of NDI10218, a Standardized Extract of Terminalia chebula, on Arthritis and Pain Model

The fruit of Terminalia chebula Retzius has been used as a panacea in India and Southeast Asia but its biological activities have not been fully elucidated. Here we report anti-arthritic and analgesic effect of NDI10218, a standardized ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula, on collagen-induced arthritis and acetic acid-induced writhing model, respectively. Arthritis was induced in DBA/1J mice by immunizing bovine type II collagen and mice were treated with NDI10218 daily for 5 weeks after the onset of the disease. NDI10218 reduced the arthritis index and blocked the synovial hyperplasia in a dose-dependent manner. The serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were significantly reduced in mice treated with NDI10218. Production of the inflammatory IL-17, but not immunosuppressive IL-10, was also inhibited in splenocytes isolated from NDI10218-treated arthritis mice. Administration of NDI10218 markedly decreased the number of T cell subpopulations in the regional lymph nodes of the arthritis mice. Finally, NDI10218 reduced the number of abdominal contractions in acetic acid-induced writhing model, suggesting an analgesic effect of this extract. Taken together, these results suggest that NDI10218 can be a new therapeutic candidate for the treatment of rheuma-toid arthritis.
Cost-Effectiveness of Stroke Unit Care Followed by Early Supported Discharge

Background and Purpose— Stroke places a significant burden on the economy in England and Wales with the overall societal costs estimated at £7 billion per annum. There is evidence that both stroke units (SUs) and early supported discharge (ESD) are effective in treating patients with stroke. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of the combination of these 2 strategies and compares it with the care provided in SU without ESD and in a general medical ward without ESD. The objective of this study was to model the long-term (10 years) cost-effectiveness of SU care followed by ESD. Methods— The study design was cost-effectiveness modeling. The study took place in SUs in the coverage area of the South London Stroke Register, UK. The modeled population was incident ischemic stroke cases (N=844) observed between 2001 and 2006. SU care followed by ESD was compared with SU care without ESD and general medical ward care without ESD. Main outcome measures were health service and societal costs and cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained. Results— Using the cost-effectiveness threshold of £30 000, as commonly used in the UK, SU care followed by ESD is the cost-effective strategy compared with the other 2 options. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of SU care followed by ESD is £10 661 compared with the general medical ward without ESD care and £17 721 compared with the SU without ESD. Conclusion— SU care followed by ESD is both an effective and a cost-effective strategy with the main gains in years of life saved.
Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 2001–2007

In Africa, incidence and prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis have been assumed to be low. However, investigation after a 2005 outbreak of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, found that the incidence rate for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal was among the highest globally and would be higher if case-finding efforts were intensified.
On the tightness of an SDP relaxation of k-means

Recently, Awasthi et al. introduced an SDP relaxation of the $k$-means problem in $\mathbb R^m$. In this work, we consider a random model for the data points in which $k$ balls of unit radius are deterministically distributed throughout $\mathbb R^m$, and then in each ball, $n$ points are drawn according to a common rotationally invariant probability distribution. For any fixed ball configuration and probability distribution, we prove that the SDP relaxation of the $k$-means problem exactly recovers these planted clusters with probability $1-e^{-\Omega(n)}$ provided the distance between any two of the ball centers is $>2+\epsilon$, where $\epsilon$ is an explicit function of the configuration of the ball centers, and can be arbitrarily small when $m$ is large.
Textual Representations and Knowledge Support-Systems in Research Intensive Networks

Serious consideration of this contradistinction between ‘the lifeworld’ and the more focused and harder work of science, poses some daunting intellectual and practical challenges. We aim to explore some of these challenges in this chapter. In so doing, we will cross over a multitude of perspectives and boundaries. In doing this, we are interested in unpacking some of the theoretical inter-relationships between lifeworlds and science, and between constructivism and realism.But first we ask – can these particular cross-paradigmatic perspectives be reasonably represented and reconciled in textual form? We think that attempts to do so are worthy of the greatest effort and that the reason for doing this is self-evident. Ideas are refined and improved through the process of writing. But beyond this, creation of textual representations of knowledge is of fundamental importance to the effective functioning of research intensive networks. To support the increased efficacy and efficiency of research intensive networks and their impact in the world, we claim there is a need to expand the context of knowledge systems associated with research intensive networks. This idea for us involves the development of a public knowledge imperative. We suggest that textual representations expressed as knowledge claims can no longer be hidden away from the eyes of public scrutiny when there are important matters of public interest either implicitly or explicitly at stake. The recent catastrophe in the Gulf of Mexico provides an example of how particular types of knowledge, for example procedures associated with offshore oil rigs, can rise up to become of the highest public priority almost overnight. To neglect the potency of such knowledge through a lack of public scrutiny can have devastating consequences as the whole world has found out.We set out to provide a rationale as to why we think a public knowledge imperative is so important. To give expression to this imperative, we think there is a need for a new type of institutional and regulatory framework to protect and enhance the role of public knowledge. We call this framework a public knowledge space. It is public by virtue of the fact that it relies on semantic technologies and web-publishing principles. But more importantly, in order to understand the multiple functions of a public knowledge space, we suggest it is first necessary to develop a detailed ontology of knowledge itself. Our ontology outlined in this chapter is broadly based because we emphasise the value of experience and lifeworlds as much as we do the importance of rigorous critiquing and transparent review. By extension, our views are slightly orthogonal to prevailing perspectives of the semantic web.
Coupling constants for a degenerate Fermi gas confined to a quasi-one-dimensional harmonic trap

A theory for the coupling constants between spin-polarized degenerate fermionic atoms is developed for the case of atoms confined to a quasi-one-dimensional harmonic trap. Exploiting the presence of the Fermi edge and the large number of fermions, it is shown that the resulting effective one-dimensional interaction can be parametrized by three sets of interaction coefficients, two for forward scattering and one for backward scattering. In the case of identical fermions, backscattering dominates, because the contact part of the effective one-dimensional interaction must be subtracted. Analytic expressions for the interaction coefficients for the effective contact interaction, which is relevant for the inter-component interactions, and for the 'p-wave' interaction appearing in next order, are given. As an example, we calculate and discuss in detail the effective coupling constants for the marginally long ranged dipole–dipole interaction.
Chemistry for Context Awareness (C2A)

Awareness is a necessary aspect of interaction of present day devices and communications in pervasive environments. Awareness is dependant on the information of surroundings that is seen as 'Context'. The sources of context have grown exponentially in the recent past and with growing device and sensing capabilities will continue to grow. Pervasive context awareness shares a lot of analogies with chemistry and chemical reactions. In this paper we propose a chemical reaction model based on the assumption of applying chemistry related concepts to context and awareness.
Practical Functional Encryption for Bilinear Forms

We present a practically efficient functional encryption scheme for the class of functionalities that can be expressed via bilinear forms over the integers. Bilinear forms are a general class of quadratic functions that includes, for instance, multivariate quadratic polynomials. Our realization works over asymmetric bilinear groups and is surprisingly simple, efficient and easy to implement. For instance, in our scheme the public key and each ciphertext consist of 2n+1 and 4n+2 group elements respectively, where n is the dimension of the encrypted vectors, while secret keys are only two group elements. The scheme is proved secure under the standard (adaptive) indistinguishability based security notion of Boneh, Sahai and Waters (TCC 2011). The proof is rather convoluted and relies on the so-called generic bilinear group model. Specifically, our proof comes in two main stages. In a preliminary step, we put forward and prove a new master theorem to argue hardness in the generic bilinear group model of a broad family of interactive decisional problems, which includes the indistinguishability-based security game for our functional encryption scheme. Next, the more technically involved part of the proof consists in showing that our scheme actually fits the requirements of our master theorem.
Algorithmic Analysis of Invisible Video Watermarking using LSB Encoding Over a Client-Server Framework

Video watermarking is extensively used in many media-oriented applications for embedding watermarks, i.e. hidden digital data, in a video sequence to protect the video from illegal copying and to identify manipulations made in the video. In case of an invisible watermark, the human eye can not perceive any difference in the video, but a watermark extraction application can read the watermark and obtain the embedded information. Although numerous methodologies exist for embedding watermarks, many of them have shortcomings with respect to performance efficiency, especially over a distributed network. This paper proposes and analyses a 2-bit Least Significant Bit (LSB) parallel algorithmic approach for achieving performance efficiency to watermark and distribute videos over a client-server framework.