Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding Lifelong Factors and Prediction Models of Social Functioning After Psychosis Onset Using the Large-Scale GROUP Cohort Study

Abstract Background and hypothesis Current rates of poor social functioning (SF) in people with psychosis history reach 80% worldwide. We aimed to identify a core set of lifelong predictors and build prediction models of SF after psychosis onset. Study design We utilized data of 1119 patients from the Genetic Risk and Outcome in Psychosis (GROUP) longitudinal Dutch cohort. First, we applied group-based trajectory modeling to identify premorbid adjustment trajectories. We further investigated the association between the premorbid adjustment trajectories, six-year-long cognitive deficits, positive, and negative symptoms trajectories, and SF at 3-year and 6-year follow-ups. Next, we checked associations between demographics, clinical, and environmental factors measured at the baseline and SF at follow-up. Finally, we built and internally validated 2 predictive models of SF. Study results We found all trajectories were significantly associated with SF (P < .01), explaining up to 16% of SF variation (R2 0.15 for 3- and 0.16 for 6-year follow-up). Demographics (sex, ethnicity, age, education), clinical parameters (genetic predisposition, illness duration, psychotic episodes, cannabis use), and environment (childhood trauma, number of moves, marriage, employment, urbanicity, unmet needs of social support) were also significantly associated with SF. After validation, final prediction models explained a variance up to 27% (95% CI: 0.23, 0.30) at 3-year and 26% (95% CI: 0.22, 0.31) at 6-year follow-up. Conclusions We found a core set of lifelong predictors of SF. Yet, the performance of our prediction models was moderate.
Population Aging and Heat Exposure in the 21st Century: Which U.S. Regions Are at Greatest Risk and Why?

Abstract Background and Objectives The co-occurring trends of population aging and climate change mean that rising numbers of U.S. older adults are at risk of intensifying heat exposure. We estimate county-level variations in older populations’ heat exposure in the early (1995–2014) and mid (2050) 21st century. We identify the extent to which rising exposures are attributable to climate change versus population aging. Research Design and Methods We estimate older adults’ heat exposure in 3,109 counties in the 48 contiguous U.S. states. Analyses use NASA NEX Global Daily Downscaled Product (NEX-GDDP-CMIP6) climate data and county-level projections for the size and distribution of the U.S. age 69+ population. Results Population aging and rising temperatures are documented throughout the United States, with particular “hotspots” in the Deep South, Florida, and parts of the rural Midwest. Increases in heat exposure by 2050 will be especially steep in historically colder regions with large older populations in New England, the upper Midwest, and rural Mountain regions. Rising temperatures are driving exposure in historically colder regions, whereas population aging is driving exposure in historically warm southern regions. Discussion and Implications Interventions to address the impacts of temperature extremes on older adult well-being should consider the geographic distribution and drivers of this exposure. In historically cooler areas where climate change is driving exposures, investments in warning systems may be productive, whereas investments in health care and social services infrastructures are essential in historically hot regions where exposures are driven by population aging.
STAT2 act a prognostic biomarker and associated with immune infiltration in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma

Renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is a malignancy of the renal epithelial cells with poor prognosis. Notably, the JAK-STAT pathway mediates cell proliferation and immune response. Accumulating evidence suggests that STATs act as immune checkpoint inhibitors in various cancers. Nonetheless, the role of STAT2 in KIRC remains elusive. Herein, analyses were performed using a series of interactive web databases including Oncomine, GEPIA and TIMER. In sub-group analyses, STAT2 was upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels in KIRC patients. Besides, KIRC patients with high STAT2 expression exhibited a poor overall survival. Moreover, Cox regression analysis revealed that STAT2 expression, nodal metastasis and clinical stage were independent factors affecting the prognosis of KIRC patients. There was a significant positive correlation between STAT2 expression, and the abundance of immune cells as well as the expression of immune biomarker sets. In addition, STAT2 was found to be implicated in immune response, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Also, several cancer-related kinases, miRNAs, and transcription factors associated with STAT2 were identified. Conclusively, we revealed that STAT2 is a potential prognosis biomarker and associated with immune infiltration in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. This study offers additional data that will help in further research on the roles of STAT2 protein in carcinogenesis.
Landmark-based robust navigation for tactical UGV control in GPS-denied communication-degraded environments

Control of current tactical unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) is typically accomplished through two alternative modes of operation, namely, low-level manual control using joysticks and high-level planning-based autonomous control. Each mode has its own merits as well as inherent mission-critical disadvantages. Low-level joystick control is vulnerable to communication delay and degradation, and high-level navigation often depends on uninterrupted GPS signals and/or energy-emissive (non-stealth) range sensors such as LIDAR for localization and mapping. To address these problems, we have developed a mid-level control technique where the operator semi-autonomously drives the robot relative to visible landmarks that are commonly recognizable by both humans and machines such as closed contours and structured lines. Our novel solution relies solely on optical and non-optical passive sensors and can be operated under GPS-denied, communication-degraded environments. To control the robot using these landmarks, we developed an interactive graphical user interface (GUI) that allows the operator to select landmarks in the robot’s view and direct the robot relative to one or more of the landmarks. The integrated UGV control system was evaluated based on its ability to robustly navigate through indoor environments. The system was successfully field tested with QinetiQ North America’s TALON UGV and Tactical Robot Controller (TRC), a ruggedized operator control unit (OCU). We found that the proposed system is indeed robust against communication delay and degradation, and provides the operator with steady and reliable control of the UGV in realistic tactical scenarios.
Coordinated control for multi-UUV formation motion on a set of given paths

This paper addresses the problem of multi-UUV along given spatial paths with a given forward speed profile while holding a desired formation pattern in three-dimensional space.The decentralized controller is proposed to realize the coordinated path tracking of multi-UUV.In the path tracking control problem of a single UUV,we introduce line of sight navigation algorithm to design path tracking controller,making the tracking error converges to zero asymptotically;introduce graph theory to design coordination controller,making the multi-UUV reach consensus under the provisions formation along the position of desired path and speed,reaching coordination between multi-UUV,without affecting the path tracking performance in spatial domain.
Cyclic Phytosphingosine-1-Phosphate Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice

Background and Objectives O-cyclic phytosphingosine-1-phosphate (cP1P) is a synthetic chemical and has a structure like sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is known to promote cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and anti-apoptosis through hippocampal signals. However, S1P mediated cellular-, molecular mechanism is still remained in the lung. Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by excessive immune response, increased vascular permeability, alveolar-peritoneal barrier collapse, and edema. In this study, we determined whether cP1P primed human dermal derived mesenchymal stem cells (hdMSCs) ameliorate lung injury and its therapeutic pathway in ALI mice. Methods and Results cP1P treatment significantly stimulated MSC migration and invasion ability. In cytokine array, secretion of vascular-related factors was increased in cP1P primed hdMSCs (hdMSCcP1P), and cP1P treatment induced inhibition of Lats while increased phosphorylation of Yap. We next determined whether hdMSCcP1P reduce inflammatory response in LPS exposed mice. hdMSCcP1P further decreased infiltration of macrophage and neutrophil, and release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were reduced rather than naïve hdMSC treatment. In addition, phosphorylation of STAT1 and expression of iNOS were significantly decreased in the lungs of MSCcP1P treated mice. Conclusions Taken together, these data suggest that cP1P treatment enhances hdMSC migration in regulation of Hippo signaling and MSCcP1P provide a therapeutic potential for ALI/ARDS treatment.
A random approach of test macro generation for early detection of hotspots

Multiple-Patterning Technology (MPT) is still the preferred choice over EUV for the advanced technology nodes, starting the 20nm node. Down the way to 7nm and 5nm nodes, Self-Aligned Multiple Patterning (SAMP) appears to be one of the effective multiple patterning techniques in terms of achieving small pitch of printed lines on wafer, yet its yield is in question. Predicting and enhancing the yield in the early stages of technology development are some of the main objectives for creating test macros on test masks. While conventional yield ramp techniques for a new technology node have relied on using designs from previous technology nodes as a starting point to identify patterns for Design of Experiment (DoE) creation, these techniques are challenging to apply in the case of introducing an MPT technique like SAMP that did not exist in previous nodes. This paper presents a new strategy for generating test structures based on random placement of unit patterns that can construct more meaningful bigger patterns. Specifications governing the relationships between those unit patterns can be adjusted to generate layout clips that look like realistic SAMP designs. A via chain can be constructed to connect the random DoE of SAMP structures through a routing layer to external pads for electrical measurement. These clips are decomposed according to the decomposition rules of the technology into the appropriate mandrel and cut masks. The decomposed clips can be tested through simulations, or electrically on silicon to discover hotspots. The hotspots can be used in optimizing the fabrication process and models to fix them. They can also be used as learning patterns for DFM deck development. By expanding the size of the randomly generated test structures, more hotspots can be detected. This should provide a faster way to enhance the yield of a new technology node.
Basal NAD(H) redox state permits hydrogen peroxide‐induced mesenteric artery dilatation

Smooth muscle voltage‐gated K+ (Kv) channels in resistance arteries control vascular tone and contribute to the coupling of blood flow with local metabolic activity. Members of the Kv1 family are expressed in vascular smooth muscle and are modulated upon physiological elevation of local metabolites, including the glycolytic end‐product l‐lactate and superoxide‐derived hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Here, we show that l‐lactate elicits vasodilatation of small‐diameter mesenteric arteries in a mechanism that requires lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Using the inside‐out configuration of the patch clamp technique, we show that increases in NADH that reflect LDH‐mediated conversion of l‐lactate to pyruvate directly stimulate the activity of single Kv1 channels and significantly enhance the sensitivity of Kv1 activity to H2O2. Consistent with these findings, H2O2‐evoked vasodilatation was significantly greater in the presence of 10 mM l‐lactate relative to lactate‐free conditions, yet was abolished in the presence of 10 mM pyruvate, which shifts the LDH reaction towards the generation of NAD+. Moreover, the enhancement of H2O2‐induced vasodilatation was abolished in arteries from double transgenic mice with selective overexpression of the intracellular Kvβ1. 1 subunit in smooth muscle cells. Together, our results indicate that the Kvβ complex of native vascular Kv1 channels serves as a nodal effector for multiple redox signals to precisely control channel activity and vascular tone in the face of dynamic tissue‐derived metabolic cues.
Evaluation of model‐based bioequivalence approach for single sample pharmacokinetic studies

In a traditional pharmacokinetic (PK) bioequivalence (BE) study, a two‐way crossover study is conducted, PK parameters (namely the area under the time‐concentration curve [AUC] and the maximal concentration [ Cmax ]) are obtained by noncompartmental analysis (NCA), and the BE analysis is performed using the two one‐sided test (TOST) method. For ophthalmic drugs, however, only one sample of aqueous humor, in one eye, per eye can be obtained in each patient, which precludes the traditional BE analysis. To circumvent this issue, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has proposed an approach coupling NCA with either parametric or nonparametric bootstrap (NCA bootstrap). The model‐based TOST (MB‐TOST) has previously been proposed and evaluated successfully for various settings of sparse PK BE studies. In this paper, we evaluate, via simulations, MB‐TOST in the specific setting of single sample PK BE study and compare its performance to NCA bootstrap. We performed BE study simulations using a published PK model and parameter values and evaluated multiple scenarios, including study design (parallel or crossover), sampling times (5 or 10 spread across the dosing interval), and geometric mean ratio (of 0.8, 0.9, 1, and 1.25). Using the simulated structural PK model, MB‐TOST performed similarly to NCA bootstrap for AUC. For Cmax , the latter tended to be conservative and less powerful. Our research suggests that MB‐TOST may be considered as an alternative BE approach for single sample PK studies, provided that the PK model is correctly specified and the test drug has the same structural model as the reference drug.
A GREY-BOX IDENTIFICATION APPROACH FOR THERMOACOUSTIC NETWORK MODELS

This work discusses from a system theoretic point of view the low order modeling and identification of the acoustic scattering behavior of a ducted flame.In this context, one distinguishes between black-box and grey-box models. The former rely on time series data only and do not require any physical modeling of the system that is to be identified. The latter exploit prior knowledge of the system physics to some extent and in this sense are physically motivated.For the case of a flame stabilized in a duct, a grey-box model is formulated that comprises an acoustic part as well as sub-models for the flame dynamics and the jump conditions for acoustic variables across the region of heat release. Each of the subsystems can be modeled with or without physical a priori knowledge, in combination they yield a model for the scattering behavior of the flame.We demonstrate these concepts by analyzing a CFD model of a laminar conical premixed flame. The grey-box approach allows to optimize directly the scattering behavior of the identified model. Furthermore, we show that the method allows to estimate heat release rate fluctuations as well as the flame transfer function from acoustic measurements only.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Recanalization of external iliac artery occlusion in a patient with spinal stenosis using medications: a case report

Background Iliac artery occlusion accompanied by spinal canal stenosis is rare. All reported cases were treated with endovascular stenting for iliac artery occlusion. We report the first case of external iliac artery occlusion accompanied by spinal stenosis, which was successfully treated with conservative treatment. Case presentation A 66-year-old man with lower extremity pain and claudication visited the outpatient spine clinic. He complained of a tingling sensation in the L5 dermatome of the right leg and L4 dermatome of the left leg. Magnetic resonance imaging showed central stenosis in at the L4–5 and L5–S1 levels, and lateral recess stenosis at the L5–S1 level. The patient's symptoms were ambiguous with mixed neurological claudication and vascular claudication. Computed tomography of the lower extremity artery showed complete occlusion in the right external iliac artery. Conservative treatment with clopidogrel and beraprost sodium was performed. After treatment, his symptoms gradually improved. Clopidogrel and beraprost sodium were continued for 4 years. Follow-up computed tomography at 4 years showed recanalization of the right external iliac artery occlusion. Conclusions We describe a rare case of external iliac artery occlusion and spinal stenosis. External iliac artery occlusion may be successfully treated only with conservative treatment using medication.
Mortality and risk factors associated with peptic ulcer bleeding among adult inpatients of Damascus Hospital, Syria: A cross-sectional study

Peptic ulcer bleeding is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, while monitoring mortality is extremely beneficial to public health, and the latest estimates date back to 2010 for the Syrian population. This study aims to estimate the in-hospital mortality rate and risk factors associated with peptic ulcer bleeding among adult inpatients at Damascus Hospital, Syria. A cross-sectional study with systematic random sampling. Sample size (n) was calculated using the proportional equation: [n = Z2 P (1 − P)/d2], with the following hypothesis: Z = 1.96 for the 95% confidence level, P = . 253 for mortality in patients hospitalized with complicated peptic ulcers, a margin of error (d) = 0.05, 290 charts were reviewed, and the Chi-square test (χ2 test) was used for categorical variables, and the t test for continuous data. We reported the odds ratio in addition to mean and standard deviation with a 95% confidence. A P value less than . 05 was considered statistically significant. Data were analyzed using a statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). The mortality rate was 3.4%, and the mean age was 61.76 ± 16.02 years. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease. The most commonly used medications were NSAIDs, aspirin, and clopidogrel. 74 patients (25.52%) were using aspirin with no documented indication P < . 01, odds ratio = 6.541, 95% CI [2.612–11.844]. There were 162 (56%) Smokers. Six patients (2.1%) suffered from recurrent bleeding, and 13 (4.5%) needed surgery. Raising awareness about the risks of using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce the occurrence of peptic ulcers and, as a result, peptic ulcer complications. Larger, nationwide studies are needed to estimate the real mortality rate in complicated peptic ulcer patients in Syria. There is a lack of some critical data in the patients’ charts, which necessitates action to correct.
A fuzzy-logic-based approach to multi-objective decision making and its application in flood dispatching

In this paper an effective approach based on the theory of fuzzy logic is presented for multi objective decision making.The values of objectives and weights are firstly fuzzified,then fuzzy inference is operated,and crisp evaluation of each alternative is obtained by means of defuzzification.The approach is applied to a flood dispatching for the Fengman reservoir,which demonstrates the practicability and validity of this approach.
A maximum kernel-based association test to detect the pleiotropic genetic effects on multiple phenotypes

Abstract Motivation Testing the association between multiple phenotypes with a set of genetic variants simultaneously, rather than analyzing one trait at a time, is receiving increasing attention for its high statistical power and easy explanation on pleiotropic effects. The kernel-based association test (KAT), being free of data dimensions and structures, has proven to be a good alternative method for genetic association analysis with multiple phenotypes. However, KAT suffers from substantial power loss when multiple phenotypes have moderate to strong correlations. To handle this issue, we propose a maximum KAT (MaxKAT) and suggest using the generalized extreme value distribution to calculate its statistical significance under the null hypothesis. Results We show that MaxKAT reduces computational intensity greatly while maintaining high accuracy. Extensive simulations demonstrate that MaxKAT can properly control type I error rates and obtain remarkably higher power than KAT under most of the considered scenarios. Application to a porcine dataset used in biomedical experiments of human disease further illustrates its practical utility. Availability and implementation The R package MaxKAT that implements the proposed method is available on Github https://github.com/WangJJ-xrk/MaxKAT.
Cinematic Virtual Reality for Educating Health Care Providers About Type 2 Diabetes, Disability, and Elder Abuse and Neglect: A Pilot Study

Background: Diabetes care for older adults is complex and must consider geriatric syndromes, disability, and elder abuse and neglect. Health care providers would benefit from professional training programs that emphasize these risks. One new educational approach is cinematic virtual reality (cine-VR). We conducted a pilot study to evaluate a cine-VR training program based on an older patient with type 2 diabetes and multiple geriatric syndromes who is at risk for elder abuse and neglect. Methods: We employed a single-arm, pre-post-test study to assess changes in attitudes to disability and self-efficacy in identifying and managing elder abuse and neglect. Results: Thirty health care providers completed the pilot study (83.3% women, 86.7% white, 56.7% physicians, 43.4% practiced in outpatient clinics). We observed change in attitudes toward discrimination (Z = −2.628, P = .009, Cohen’s d = .62). In addition, we observed changes in six of the eight self-efficacy items, including how participants would ask questions about abuse (Z = −3.221, P = .001, Cohen’s d = .59) and helping an older patient make a report to the police or social services (Z = −2.087, P = .037, Cohen’s d = .52). In addition, we observed positive changes in understanding the documentation needed to complete whether a patient reports abuse (Z = −3.598, P < .001) as well as the legal knowledge for how to report elder abuse and neglect (Z = −2.556, P = .011). Conclusion: Findings from this pilot study suggest that cine-VR training may increase health care providers’ awareness of discrimination and improve self-efficacy toward identifying and managing elder abuse and neglect. Research with a proper control condition is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Reliability of estimated global radiation for crop model input

There are several estimation methods to calculate daily global radiation using different input data. The Szasz method uses the daily sum of sunshine hours, the Ritchie-Fodor method uses the daily thermal oscillation. It was investigated whether global radiation estimated by the Szasz method or Ritchie-Fodor method can substitute the measured global radiation for biomass and yield predictions in the 4M crop simulation model. The reliability of estimated global radiation is much greater if the data is used for yield prediction than for biomass prediction. The global radiation estimated by the Szasz method can substitute measured data in 4M and other CERES based crop models with 89-96% of reliability, when yield prediction is the goal. The Ritchie-Fodor method made less reliable radiation estimations. This method needs further development.