Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Adaptive Monitoring of Java EE Applications

Continuous monitoring of software systems under production workload provides valuable data about application runtime behavior and usage. An adaptive monitoring infrastructure allows to control, for instance, the overhead as well as the granularity and quality of collected data at runtime. Focusing on application-level monitoring, this paper presents how we extended the monitoring framework Kieker by reconfiguration capabilities based on JMX technology. The extension allows to change the instrumentation of software operations in monitored distributed Java EE applications. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate the adaptive monitoring of a distributed sample Java EE application deployed to a JBoss application server. Keywords-Continuous monitoring, adaptive monitoring, aspectoriented programming, Java EE, JMX
Functions of MiRNA-128 on the Regulation of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth and Apoptosis

Background Incidence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has continuously increased in past years while its survival rate has not been significantly improved. There is a critical need to better understand the genetic regulation of HNSCC tumorigenesis and progression. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the function of miRNA-128 (miR-128) in the regulation of HNSCC growth and its putative targets in vitro and in vivo systems. Methods The function and targets of miR-128 were investigated in human HNSCC cell lines (JHU-13 and JHU-22), which were stably transfected with the miR-128 gene using a lentiviral delivery system. The expression levels of miR-128 and its targeted proteins were analyzed with qRT-PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry. The binding capacity of miRNA-128 to its putative targets was determined using a luciferase report assay. MTT, colony formation, and a tumor xenograft model further evaluated the effects of miR-128 on HNSCC growth. Results We generated two miR-128 stably transfected human HNSCC cell lines (JHU-13miR-128 and JHU-22miR-128). Enforced expression of miR-128 was detected in both cultured JHU-13miR-128 and JHU-22miR-128 cell lines, approximately seventeen to twenty folds higher than in vector control cell lines. miRNA-128 was able to bind with the 3′-untranslated regions of BMI-1, BAG-2, BAX, H3f3b, and Paip2 mRNAs, resulting in significant reduction of the targeted protein levels. We found that upregulated miR-128 expression significantly inhibited both JHU-13miR-128 and JHU-22miR-128 cell viability approximately 20 to 40%, and the JHU-22miR-128 tumor xenograft growth compared to the vector control groups. Conclusions miR-128 acted as a tumor suppressor inhibiting the HNSCC growth by directly mediating the expression of putative targets. Our results provide a better understanding of miRNA-128 function and its potential targets, which may be valuable for developing novel diagnostic markers and targeted therapy.
Status of Nathusius' pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii) in Britain

Nathusius' pipistrelle tPipistrellus nathusii Keyserling & Blasius) is a small temperate zone vespertilionid bat. It is found throughout northern continental Europe, extending westwards into France. and eastwards into Russia. It is common in the Baltic states and extends into Sweden and Finland. The southern limit to the distributir-» is the northern coast of the Mediterranean Sea (Stebbings & Griffiths, 1986; Stebbings, 1988). In Britain it is classed as a vagrant (Stebbings, 1988; Greenaway & Hutson, 1990). there being only three documented records up to 1987 (Stebbings, 1970; Banks, Clark & Newton, 1983; Stebbings, 1986), and a fourth record from a North Sea oil platform which was not formally recorded (PAR/JRS unpubl.) but mentioned in Stebbings (1986).
Measurement-Based Thermal Modeling Using Laser Thermography

There have been several studies in using infrared thermography for nondestructive evaluation and testing of materials. Some studies have explored the potential of using thermography for classification of materials based on their thermal response. However, the modeling behind these efforts is rather simplistic, and in some ways not corresponding well with practical applications. This paper presents a realistic model-based approach for characterizing unknown materials using laser thermography. The process being modeled is laser excitation step thermography with finite but not infinitesimal excitation length and uniform distribution over a finite radius. A mathematical model, based on the heat equation that governs the flow of heat in materials, is introduced to characterize objects based on their response to thermal excitation. Experimental results consistently demonstrated the ability of the proposed approach to classify different materials based on their thermal properties. This contactless characterization method might prove to be suitable for a range of applications including teleoperation, haptic mapping and multimodal human computer interaction.
Phylogenetic perspectives on the evolution of locust phase polyphenism

Abstract Locust phase polyphenism is a spectacular example of density-dependent phenotypic plasticity. It is generally interpreted as an adaptation to heterogeneous environmental conditions brought on by high population density. However, several nonlocust species are known to express phase-like traits, which is difficult to explain from an adaptive perspective alone. Here I attempt to explain this phenomenon by 1) taking a reaction norm perspective in understanding the mechanisms underlying locust phase and 2) taking a phylogenetic perspective to study how individual reaction norms of locust phase might have evolved. I argue that locust phase polyphenism is a complex syndrome resulting from interactions among different density-dependent plastic reaction norms, each of which can follow a separate evolutionary trajectory, which in turn can be reflected in a phylogeny. Using a phylogeny of Cyrtacanthacridinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae), I explore the evolution of plasticity in density-dependent color change. I demonstrate that locusts and closely related nonlocusts, express similar phenotypic plasticity due to phylogenetic conservatism. Finally, I argue that it is crucial to study the evolution of locust phase polyphenism from both adaptive and phylogenetic perspectives.
Inactivation of the E‐Cadherin Gene in Primary Gastric Carcinomas and Gastric Carcinoma Cell Lines

We investigated the E (epithelial)‐cadherin gene for mutations and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 24 primary gastric carcinomas (12 differentiated and 12 undifferentiated types, including 3 signet‐ring cell carcinomas), as well as 4 gastric carcinoma cell lines of the undifferentiated type (MKN‐45, GCIY, HGC‐27 and GT3TKB). We utilized PCR‐SSCP and RT‐PCR followed hy direct sequencing to detect gene mutations and skipped exons, and RT‐PCR‐SSCP to examine LOH. In primary carcinomas, gene mutations or skipped exons, were detected in 4 of 9 (44%) undifferentiated carcinomas of the scattered type, including 2 signet‐ring cell carcinomas, and in none of the 3 undifferentiated carcinomas of the adherent type and 12 differentiated carcinomas. Demonstrated mutations of the E‐cadherin gene included an 18 bp deletion (codon 418‐423) and a 3 bp deletion (codon 400, calcium‐binding domain), both located in exon 9. Skipping of exon 9 with a 1 bp insertion at codon 337, and skipping of exon 8 with a 1 bp deletion at codon 336, also were detected. LOH was confirmed in all of the carcinomas in which gene mutations or skipped exons (3/3 informative cases) were demonstrated. The MKN‐45 cell line exhibited an 18 bp deletion at the exon 6‐intron 6 boundary with loss of the wild‐type allele, and 2 of the remaining 3 cell lines (HGC‐27 and GT3TKB) had lost expression without detectable structural alteration of the E‐cadherin gene. These data provide support for classic two‐hit inactivation of the E‐cadherin gene in a high percentage of undifferentiated carcinomas of the scattered type.
Silencing of the CD44 Gene by CpG Methylation in a Human Gastric Carcinoma Cell Line

We analyzed 8 human gastric carcinoma cell lines for the expression of CD44 by northern blot analysis and reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), and identified 1 cell line MKN‐28 that did not express CD44. In an attempt to clarify the mechanism responsible for the inactivation of CD44 gene expression in this cell line, we investigated the methylation status around the promoter region of CD44 gene by digestion of the DNA with the methylation‐sensitive restriction enzyme Hpa II. The promoter region of CD44 in MKN‐28 revealed hypermethylation, whereas other CD44‐positive cell lines did not. Furthermore, treatment of MKN‐28 with the demethylating agent 5‐azacytidine restored the expression of the gene. These results suggest that CD44 expression is controlled by a DNA hypermethylation mechanism in MKN‐28.
Integrating HIV clinical services into primary health care in Rwanda: a measure of quantitative effects

Abstract Background. With the intensive scale-up of care and treatment for HIV/AIDS in developing countries, some fear that intensified attention to HIV programs may overwhelm health care systems and lead to declines in delivery of other primary health care. Few data exist that confirm negative or positive synergies on health care provision generally resulting from HIV-dedicated programs. Methods. Using a retrospective observational design we compare aggregate service data in Rwandan health facilities before and after the introduction of HIV care on selected measures of primary health care. The study tests the hypothesis that non-HIV care does not decrease after the introduction of basic HIV care. Findings. Overall, no declines were observed in reproductive health services, services for children, laboratory tests, and curative care. Statistically significant increases were found in utilization and provision of some preventive services. Multivariate regression, including introduction of HIV care and two important health care financing initiatives in Rwanda, revealed positive associations of all with observed increases. Introduction of HIV services was especially associated with increases in reproductive health. While hospitalization rates increased for the whole sample, declines were observed at health facilities that offered basic HIV care plus highly active antiretroviral therapy. Interpretation. Our results partially counter fears that HIV programs are producing adverse effects in non-HIV service delivery. Rather than leading to declines in other primary health care delivery, our findings suggest that the integration of HIV clinical services may contribute to increases.
Diet and food availability: implications for foraging and dispersal of Prince of Wales northern flying squirrels across managed landscapes

Abstract Where dispersal is energetically expensive, feeding and food availability can influence dispersal success. The endemic Prince of Wales northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus griseifrons) inhabits a landscape mosaic of old-growth, 2nd-growth, and clear-cut stands, with the latter 2 representing energetically expensive habitats. We estimated the diet of flying squirrels using stable isotope and fecal analyses, determined whether food availability varies among forest stands, and assessed the likelihood of foraging across a managed landscape given the distribution of foods on Prince of Wales Island (POW), Alaska. Both stable isotope and fecal analyses revealed that conifer seeds, lichens, and fungi were the main dietary items consumed and assimilated by flying squirrels. Similarly, soil macroinvertebrates were consumed by squirrels, whereas berries were not. Nonetheless, although examination of stable isotope data suggested that squirrels assimilated few nutrients from truffles, this food source was among the most frequent diet items in feces, probably because flying squirrels assimilate elements other than nitrogen from fungi. Our surveys showed that conifer seeds, truffles, and lichens were more prevalent in old-growth than 2nd-growth and clear-cut habitats. Thus, our results indicate that diet and availability of food items on POW may influence foraging success and dispersal movements of G. sabrinus across fragmented landscapes because of limited availability of food resources in the managed habitats.
The Economics of Dowry and Brideprice

Payments between families at the time of marriage have existed throughout the history of most developed countries and are currently pervasive in many areas of the developing world. These payments can be substantial enough to affect the welfare of women and a society's distribution of wealth. Recent estimates document transfers per marriage amounting to four to six times annual household income. This paper first establishes some basic facts about the prevalence and magnitude of marriage payments. It then discusses how such patterns vary across countries depending upon economic conditions, societal structures, institutions, and family characteristics. Marriage payments have evolved within societies over time: in some periods, payments have risen sharply; in some cases, payments have shifted from the grooms' side to the brides', and vice versa; sometimes, property rights over such payments shift between marrying partners and parental generations. The second part of this paper discusses the economic literature devoted to explaining these facts.
A restatement of the natural science evidence base concerning neonicotinoid insecticides and insect pollinators

There is evidence that in Europe and North America many species of pollinators are in decline, both in abundance and distribution. Although there is a long list of potential causes of this decline, there is concern that neonicotinoid insecticides, in particular through their use as seed treatments are, at least in part, responsible. This paper describes a project that set out to summarize the natural science evidence base relevant to neonicotinoid insecticides and insect pollinators in as policy-neutral terms as possible. A series of evidence statements are listed and categorized according to the nature of the underlying information. The evidence summary forms the appendix to this paper and an annotated bibliography is provided in the electronic supplementary material.
CHICAGO PRISONERS' EXPERIENCES RETURNING HOME

NANCY G. LA VIGNE CHRISTY VISHER JENNIFER CASTRO he Urban Institute, in 2001, launched a four-state, longitudinal study entitled Returning Home: Understanding the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry in order to examine the experiences of released prisoners returning to communities in Maryland, Illinois, Ohio, and Texas. This research brief presents findings from the Returning Home study in Chicago, Illinois. The first phase of the Illinois study involved an analysis of preexisting corrections data to describe incarceration and reentry characteristics in Illinois (see sidebar “A Portrait of Prisoner Reentry in Illinois”). The second phase involved a series of interviews with male prisoners returning to Chicago, once before and three times after their release. In addition, interviews were conducted with prisoners’ family members and focus groups were held with residents of four Chicago communities that are home to the highest concentrations of returning prisoners (see sidebar “Returning Home Study Methodology” for more details about data collection and analysis). This research brief documents findings from phase two, the original data collection effort, and describes the experiences of prisoners returning to Chicago. In a previous research brief entitled Illinois Prisoners’ Reflections on Returning Home, we described the prerelease experiences and expectations of prisoners in our sample.1 In this research brief, we expand on that information by comparing it to the experiences of those prisoners after release. We present key findings on a range of reentry challenges and describe the factors related to postrelease success or failure, such as employment, substance use, attitudes and beliefs, health challenges, criminal histories, and family and community contexts. This research brief is intended to serve as a foundation for policy discussions about how released prisoners can successfully reintegrate into their communities, whether in Chicago or in similar cities around the country. KEY FINDINGS
Rafts: Scale‐Dependent, Active Lipid Organization at the Cell Surface

Rafts have been conceptualized as lateral heterogeneities in the organization of cholesterol and sphingolipids, endowed with sorting and signaling functions. In this review we critically examine evidence for the main tenet of the ‘raft hypothesis’, namely lipid‐dependent segregation of specific membrane components in the plasma membrane. We suggest that conventional approaches to studying raft organization wherein membranes are treated as passive, thermally equilibrated systems are unlikely to provide an adequate framework to understand the mechanisms of raft‐organization in vivo. An emerging view of raft organization is that it is spatio‐temporally regulated at different scales by the cell. This argues that rafts must be defined by simultaneous observation of components involved in particular functions. Recent evidence from the study of glycosylphosphatidyl inositol‐anchored proteins, a common raft‐marker, supports this picture in which larger scale, more stable rafts are induced from preexisting small‐scale lipid‐dependent structures actively maintained by cellular processes.
Utilization of soft computing to improve cooperative management efficiency

Provision of collaborative services requires cooperation among various entities of an organization. Furthermore, efficient management of any complex system, such as large enterprises or modern enterprise networks, depends on understanding the roles of its constituents and their interactions with one another. Interaction of humans is partially or fully dictated by their level of awareness of the capacity that others have in supporting them in fulfilling the tasks at hand. As such, awareness modelling and levels can play significant roles in improving the management efficiency. The awareness levels in human beings and managers have a fuzzy nature with linguistic variables extensively used in their characterizations and communications. Noting the underlying fuzziness, this paper explores how soft computing can be used to improve awareness modelling to achieve more effective cooperative management. This is further demonstrated through its application to an illustrative example that utilizes fuzzy proximity networks.
Characteristic spectra of Munsell colors

The 1257 reflectance spectra of the chips in the Munsell Book of Color-Matte Finish Collection (Munsell Color, Baltimore, Md., 1976) were measured with a rapid acousto-optic spectrophotometer. Measured spectra were sampled from 400 to 700 nm at 5-nm intervals. The correlation matrix of this sample set was formed, and the characteristic vectors of this matrix were computed. It is shown, contradictory to earlier recommendations [Psychon. Sci. 1, 369 (1964)], that as many as eight characteristic spectra are needed to achieve good representation for all spectra.
PREVALENCE OF DIFFERENT PATHOLOGICAL AFFECTIONS OF UTERUS IN BUFFALOES (BUBALUS BUBALIS) IN THE MALWA REGION OF MADHYA PRADESH

A total number of 504 buffaloes were examined for different affections of ovaries collected from the Cantonment Board Slaughter House, Mhow (M.P). The present study indicated that out of the total buffaloes examined, 33 animals showed various pathological conditions of the ovary. Various ovarian affections observed during the present study revealed par ovarian cyst, ovarian hypoplasia, ovarian sclerosis, ovarian cysts i.e. follicular cyst and luteal cyst, embeded corpus luteum, intra follicular heamorrhage and oophoritis. Out of the total affected buffaloes, the incidence of par ovarian cyst was the highest (2.7%) followed by follicular cyst (1.78%), oophoritis (0.59%), ovarian Sclerosis (0.39%), embeded corpus luteum (0.39%), ovarian hypoplasia (0.19%), luteal cyst (0.19%) and intra follicular heamorrhage (0.19%).
COMMENTS ON PAPERS BY JORDI GALÍ AND BY STEFANIA ALBANESI

The theme of these comments is that we need to remain vigilant against the possibility that “standard” modeling conventions in macroeconomics, originally introduced as experimental or tentative, start to be used unquestioningly, despite serious drawbacks. It is in a sense unfair to focus such comments on the papers presented in this session, since the conventions to be criticized are not at all special to these papers, but there must be some point at which we step back and consider where the conventions in our literature are headed, and a quinquennial World Congress seems as appropriate an occasion as any for doing this. I will consider the papers by Galí and by Albanesi, Chari and Christiano (henceforth ACC) that appear in this volume, and also the empirical paper (Galí and Gertler, 1999) that forms the foundation for much of the paper in this volume that Jordi Galí presented.
Investigation of the Efficacy of Different Physiotherapy Methods for Neck Pain

Objectives This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of mobilization, Kinesio tape [KT], and classic treatment methods in patients with neck pain. Methods Sixty patients with neck pain were enrolled. The patients were divided into three groups with 20 patients in each, for classic therapy, classic therapy plus mobilization, and classic therapy plus KT administered respectively to the first, second, and third groups. Pain levels and effects of the pain on daily life were assessed, respectively, with a visual analog scale and neck disability index [NDI]. Results Following the treatment, decreases were observed in pain and NDI scores in all three groups [P<0.001]. However, no significant difference was observed in the inter-group comparison [P>0.05]. While all three groups individually responded significantly to treatment, none of the groups superseded the others. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that KT and mobilization may be helpful as an alternative treatment in neck pain. Multi-centered studies in which the efficacy of KT and mobilization can be compared more objectively would be beneficial.
Internal audit quality: a polysemous notion?

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to characterize how those who perform (internal auditors), mandate (audit committee (AC) members), use (AC members and external auditors) and normalize (the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA)) internal audit work, respectively make sense of the notion of “internal audit quality” (IAQ). Design/methodology/approach - – This study is predicated on the meta-analysis of extant literature on IAQ, 56 interviews with internal auditors and AC members of public or para-public sector organizations in Canada, and archival documents published by the IIA, analyzed in the light of framing theory. Findings - – Four interpretative schemes (or frames) emerge from the analysis, called “manager,” “eminence grise,” “professional” and “watchdog. ” They respectively correspond to internal auditors’, AC members’, the IIA’s and external auditors’ viewpoints and suggest radically different perspectives on how IAQ should be defined and controlled (via input, throughput, output or professional controls). Research limitations/implications - – Empirically, the authors focus on rare research data. Theoretically, the authors delineate four previously undocumented competing frames of IAQ. Practical implications - – Practically, the various governance actors involved in assessing IAQ can learn from the study that they should confront their views to better coordinate their quality control efforts. Originality/value - – Highlighting the contrast between these frames is important because, so far, extant literature has predominantly focussed on only one perspective on IAQ, that of external auditors. The authors suggest that IAQ is more polysemous and complex than previously acknowledged, which justifies the qualitative and interpretive approach.