Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Temperature and Supply-Voltage Insensitive CMOS Current Reference

In this work, a CMOS on-chip current reference circuit for memory, operational amplifiers, comparators, and data converters is proposed. The reference current is nearly insensitive to temperature and supply-voltage variations. In the proposed circuit, the current component with a positive temperature coefficient cancels that with a negative temperature coefficient each other. While conventional current reference circuits are based on bipolar transistors in BiCMOS, bipolar, or CMOS processes, the proposed circuit can be integrated on a single chip with other digital and analog circuits using a standard CMOS process and extra masks are not required. Measured results are demonstrated for two different prototypes. The first is fabricated employing a 1. 0μm p-well double-poly double-metal CMOS process and operates at 5V nominally. The second, based on a 0. 6μm n-well process, is optimized for 3V to 5V operation. The latter prototype achieves the temperature coefficient of 98 ppm/◦C over a temperature range from −25◦C to 75◦C and the output variation of ±1.5% with the supply-voltage changes from 2.5V to 5.5V. A simple calibration technique for reducing output current variations improves circuit yield. key words: current reference, CMOS, low-cost, low-voltage,
Functional Convergence of Dopaminergic and Cholinergic Input Is Critical for Hippocampus-Dependent Working Memory

Although Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder, in many patients cognitive dysfunction is an important clinical sign. It is not yet clear whether this is attributable solely to a decrease in dopamine levels, or whether other neurotransmitter systems might be involved as well. In the present study, the importance of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway and a possible convergence with forebrain cholinergic projections to neocortex and hippocampus in the regulation of learning and memory abilities were investigated by using specific lesion paradigms in one or both systems. Lesioning of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area resulted in an impaired performance in the reference memory task, whereas the execution of the working memory tasks appeared to be unaffected in the Morris water maze. Analysis of the swim paths revealed that the dopamine-depleted animals were capable of adapting a search strategy on a given testing day but failed to transfer this information to the next day, suggesting a deficit in information storage and/or recall. In contrast, cholinergic lesions alone were without effect in all test paradigms. However, when both dopamine and acetylcholine were depleted, animals were also impaired in the working memory task, indicating that a functional convergence of the inputs from these systems was critical for acquisition of spatial memory. Interestingly, such an additional acquisition deficit appeared only after hippocampal cholinergic depletion regardless of a concurrent disruption of basalo cortical cholinergic afferents. Thus, further analyses of cholinergic alterations may prove useful in better understanding the cognitive symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
Towards a Conceptual and Service-Based Adaptation Model

Current practice in adaptation modeling assumes that concepts and relationships between concepts are the fundamental building blocks of any adaptive course or adaptive application. This assumption underlies many of the mismatches we nd between the syntax of an adaptation model and the semantics of the `realworld' entity it is trying to model, e.g. procedural knowledge modeled as a single concept and services or activities modeled as pockets of intelligent content. Furthermore, it results in adaptation models that are devoid of truly interactive services with work ow and data ow between those services; it is impossible to capture the semantics of a process-oriented application, e.g. activity-based learning in education and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in the workplace. To this end, we describe a representation of a conceptual and service-based adaptation model. The most signi cant departure from existing representations for adaptation models is the rei cation of services. The goal is to allow for the adaptation of the process itself and not just its constituent parts, e.g. an SOP can be adapted to the role or job function of a user. This expressive power will address the mismatches identi ed above and allow for activity-based and process-oriented adaptive applications.
AgentDiscover: A Multi-Agent System for Knowledge Discovery from Databases

AgentDiscover is a multi-agent based intelligent recommendation system, supporting real-time control and feedback, for building and execution workflows for knowledge discovery from databases (KDD). The aim of the proposed system is to deal with the complexity of KDD processes and to offer a tool that supports both researchers exploring KDD methods and non-expert users looking for quick results in this field. A prototype was developed in JADE and the approach was tested for a medical dataset.
Accommodating binary and count variables in mediation

The existence of several accessible sources has led to a proliferation of mediation models in the applied research literature. Most of these sources assume endogenous variables (e.g., M, and Y) have normally distributed residuals, precluding models of binary and/or count data. Although a growing body of literature has expanded mediation models to include more diverse data types, the nonlinearity of these models presents a substantial hurdle to their implementation and interpretation. The present study extends the existing literature (e.g., Hayes & Preacher, 2010; Stolzenberg, 1980) to propose conditional indirect effects as a useful tool for understanding mediation models that include paths estimated using the Generalized Linear Model (e.g., logistic regression, Poisson regression). We briefly review the relevant literature, culminating in a discussion of conditional indirect effects and their importance when examining nonlinear associations. We present a simple extension of the equations presented by Hayes and Preacher (2010) and provide an applied example of the technique.
Securing Official Account Twitter Using Social Media Management System: Accuracy of the Data and Information Publish with Twitter

Twitter is one of the many social media accessible to users in Indonesia. The official account in one of these organizations is very dangerous if the official account is used by many users that do tweet and the data is not store who, what time doing it. Moreover, if the official account is already too much to millions. This paper propose a framework can work on recording data i.e. who, what time all tweets. Desktop pc and smartphone to u. s. clients do not directly access the official twitter account of its organization, so the official twitter account of security can be maintained secret username and password. This paper shows a user indirect access to official accounts of the organization, i.e. username password email user using LDAP access organization, can record the user be who and what time at the time of tweet, and for the community is that followers will trust the accuracy of the information which is posted on the official accounts of the organization, because only someone who just registered on social media management system for post and chosen by the manager level before it is posted.
Architectural requirements prioritization and analysis applied to software technology evaluation

In this short paper, we summarize an industrial project in which we developed and applied the Attribute Hierarchy-based Evaluation of Architectural Designs (AHEAD) method for selecting a software technology to form the basis for the next-generation architecture of a complex commercial software application. AHEAD leverages the Software Engineering Institute's Attribute-Driven Design (ADD) method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for evaluating software technologies that have important architectural impact. The core activities of AHEAD include elicitation, prioritization, and analysis of architectural requirements. The goal of these requirements activities was to establish and apply objective criteria for selecting, prototyping, and evaluating software technology alternatives. We found that using AHEAD brought greater objectivity to prioritization of architectural requirements and to the technical judgments of the software technology options.
A reduced set of RUP roles to small software development teams

Software projects are always increasing their complexity. The complexity of projects arises due to the increased sophistication of software applications and of their implemented features. However, most of the projects are developed by small organizations. Since these companies have a reduced dimension, the number of individuals that constitute each software development teams will also be significantly reduced. This paper describes a Rational Unified Process (RUP) configuration composed by a reduced set of RUP roles. This configuration may easily be adopted by a small software development team during the project execution period. Additionally, we have characterized each role in this reduced model by identifying the corresponding activities in charge and by creating individual sheets detailing their responsibilities. An initial assessment of the effectiveness of this RUP configuration was performed using CMMI-DEV maturity level 2 (ML2) as a reference model.
Fast Boolean optimization by rewiring

This paper presents a very efficient Boolean logic optimization method. The boolean optimization is achieved by adding and removing redundant wires in a circuit. Our algorithm applies the reasoning of Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) which can detect redundancy efficiently. During the ATPG process, mandatory assignments are assignments which must be satisfied. Our algorithm analyzes different characteristics of mandatory assignments during the ATPG process. New theoretical results based on the analysis are presented which lead to significant performance improvements. The fast run time and the excellent scaling to large problems make our Boolean optimization method practical for industrial applications. Experiments show that the optimization results are comparable to those of Kunz and Pradhan (1994) while the run time is two orders of magnitude faster (average 126/spl times/ speed up). Furthermore, we report optimization results for several large examples, which were previously thought to be too large to be handled by Boolean optimization methods.
Whole-session evaluation of interactive information retrieval systems Compilation of Homework

This paper points out a number of major challenges in the evaluation of Interactive IR. The main problems identified with current approaches include: (i) user/task models are not adequately captured, (ii) information continually changes over time, (iii) IIR tasks are often very complex and thus hard to model as they evolve, and may not have fixed endpoints, and (iv) IIR often occurs over time and across sessions. While the paper doesn't provide any concrete solutions to these problems, the most promising suggestion is the use of a "living laboratory". The development of such a living lab that is open to researchers would certainly provide a number of ways to evaluate users in the wild-over coming some of the pragmatic problems typically associated with evaluation. These two works suggest that we should focus on the sequence in which users experience, encounter and process information. Bookstein tries to model the retrieval process as a sequence in order to develop a better retrieval system (and is perhaps a precursor to the Interactive Probability Ranking Principle). On the other hand, Tague-Sutclifee tries to measure the informativeness of the process (where informativeness is akin to the novelty and diversity measures being developed). Key in these works is the focus on the order in which the users examine documents. This paper provides a novel an potentially interesting solution to evaluation across a session. In some respects this work blends developments in HCI with IR. Specifically taking a GOMS like approach by Card and Moran along with Dunlop's work on time, relevance and interaction modelling to produce a "probabilistic GOMS" for IR where the main actions in the search process are assigned a time, and a probability is assigned to these actions. This provides an interesting way to examine and explore a range of potential interactions with the system-as a way to cater for the variety of ways that users interact with systems. In terms of evaluating the whole session, I have been particularly interested in developing measures that examine how well a user uses an application. The fundamental idea is that, what should be evaluated is the sequence of interactions and documents that the user examines and inspects during the process (i.e. following on from Bookstein and Tague-Sutcliffee, along with Norman's idea of the user experience is defined by the sequence of interactions.) The experience, whether it be, engagement, utility, fun, etc. at any particular point …
Feellight: a communication device for distant nonverbal exchange

This paper describes a methodology of a bidirectional I/O device design and introduces a unique nterface <i>FeelLight</i>, which enables a simple and seamless communication among people in istant places. The authors focused on the following key issues of the development of interface for elepresence systems: (i) simplicity: simple tool and communication method (ii) affordability: affordance nd embodiment of the interface, (iii) synchronicity: intuitiveness and connectedness, and (iv) creativity: mergence of communication.
Applying Simple Performance Models to Understand Inefficiencies in Data-Intensive Computing

New programming frameworks for scale-out parallel analysis, such as MapReduce and Hadoop, have become a cornerstone for exploiting large datasets. However, there has been little analysis of how these systems perform relative to the capabilities of the hardware on which they run. This paper describes a simple analytical model that predicts the theoretic ideal performance of a parallel dataflow system. The model exposes the inefficiency of popular scale-out systems, which take 3–13× longer to complete jobs than the hardware should allow, even in well-tuned systems used to achieve record-breaking benchmark results. Using a simplified dataflow processing tool called Parallel DataSeries, we show that the model’s ideal can be approached (i.e., that it is not wildly optimistic), coming within 10–14% of the model’s prediction. Moreover, guided by the model, we present analysis of inefficiencies which exposes issues in both the disk and networking subsystems that will be faced by any DISC system built atop standard OS and networking services. Acknowledgements: We thank the members and companies of the PDL Consortium (including APC, EMC, Facebook, Google, HewlettPackard Labs, Hitachi, IBM, Intel, LSI, Microsoft Research, NEC Laboratories, NetApp, Oracle, Riverbed, Samsung, Seagate, STEC, Symantec, VMWare, and Yahoo! Labs) for their interest, insights, feedback, and support. This research was sponsored in part by an HP Innovation Research Award and by CyLab at Carnegie Mellon University under grant DAAD19–02–1–0389 from the Army Research Office.
Hypothalamic attack area-mediated activation of the forebrain in aggression

It is believed that aggressive attacks are activated by a downward stimulatory stream that includes the medial amygdala, hypothalamic attack area, and periaqueductal grey. However, the hypothalamic attack area (from which attacks can be induced by electrical stimulation) sends projections to the forebrain, the significance of which is unknown. Here we report that the unilateral stimulation of the hypothalamic attack area per se induced an unilateral c-Fos activation of most brain nuclei involved in attack, and that attacks occurred only when cortical regions were also activated, and the activation of the medial amygdala and hypothalamic attack area were bilateral. This suggests that the hypothalamic attack area not only transmits information to lower brain structures but also activates forebrain structures involved in attack.
Denisovan Ancestry in East Eurasian and Native American Populations

Although initial studies suggested that Denisovan ancestry was found only in modern human populations from island Southeast Asia and Oceania, more recent studies have suggested that Denisovan ancestry may be more widespread. However, the geographic extent of Denisovan ancestry has not been determined, and moreover the relationship between the Denisovan ancestry in Oceania and that elsewhere has not been studied. Here we analyze genome-wide SNP data from 2493 individuals from 221 worldwide populations, and show that there is a widespread signal of a very low level of Denisovan ancestry across Eastern Eurasian and Native American (EE/NA) populations. We also verify a higher level of Denisovan ancestry in Oceania than that in EE/NA; the Denisovan ancestry in Oceania is correlated with the amount of New Guinea ancestry, but not the amount of Australian ancestry, indicating that recent gene flow from New Guinea likely accounts for signals of Denisovan ancestry across Oceania. However, Denisovan ancestry in EE/NA populations is equally correlated with their New Guinea or their Australian ancestry, suggesting a common source for the Denisovan ancestry in EE/NA and Oceanian populations. Our results suggest that Denisovan ancestry in EE/NA is derived either from common ancestry with, or gene flow from, the common ancestor of New Guineans and Australians, indicating a more complex history involving East Eurasians and Oceanians than previously suspected.
Psychometric Versus Actuarial Interpretation of Intelligence and Related Aptitude Batteries

Interpretation of intelligence tests involves making various inferences about the individual based on their performance. Because there are many different scores within intelligence tests reflecting different levels (Full Scale, factors, subtests) and there are many different comparisons provided in test manuals and the extant literature, there is a multitude of possible inferences. This chapter is concerned with reviewing the various available scores and comparisons with suggested interpretations and a review of the empirical investigations of their psychometric fitness (reliability, validity, utility). Differentiation of psychometric interpretation versus actuarial interpretation methods is presented, as well as a review of research related to each. Most intelligence test interpretation methods are considered psychometric in nature, and most lack sufficient reliability, validity, or utility for individual clinical use; improvements in the clinical assessment of intelligence may result from greater development and use of actuarial approaches.
Probing Gene Expression in Live Cells, One Protein Molecule at a Time

We directly observed real-time production of single protein molecules in individual Escherichia coli cells. A fusion protein of a fast-maturing yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and a membrane-targeting peptide was expressed under a repressed condition. The membrane-localized YFP can be detected with single-molecule sensitivity. We found that the protein molecules are produced in bursts, with each burst originating from a stochastically transcribed single messenger RNA molecule, and that protein copy numbers in the bursts follow a geometric distribution. The quantitative study of low-level gene expression demonstrates the potential of single-molecule experiments in elucidating the workings of fundamental biological processes in living cells.
Emotional Intelligence in Adolescence and Early Adulthood.

This chapter considers why EI might be helpful for adolescents and young adults. Young people’s capacity to successfully adapt to adversity (stressors) is important for maintaining mental health and educational achievement. It is suggested that EI represents a cluster of skills and emotion-related self-perceptions that could be useful for buffering the effects of stress in young people. The notion of resilience is examined together with a review of current evidence linking EI to mental health and academic success. Inconsistent stress-buffering effects are found for EI; these appear contingent on the type of stressor encountered, outcome measured, and type/level of EI examined. It is suggested that EI may operate indirectly to support other resources useful for combating stressors including coping, social support/social competence, cognitive skills and mood regulation. Directions for future research are suggested alongside a cautionary note about the potential costs of having high levels of EI.
Single and Multi Objective Airfoil Design Using Genetic Algorithms and Arti cial Intelligence

Transonic airfoil design problems are solved using a Genetic Algorithm GA based optimizer At the desired operating point the minimum drag and constant lift targets are achieved through either a scalarized objective function involving an arbitrary weighting factor or the Pareto technique For the optimization of an airfoil at two operating points similar approaches are used The CPU cost of the optimizer is kept low through Arti cial Intelligence A multilayer perceptron is trained using already evaluated individuals and provides good though approximate tness predictions With the regularly trained network the direct ow solver calls are noticeably reduced
Predicting Condom Use Outcomes via the Information Motivation Behavioral Skills Model: An Analysis of Young Black Men

ABSTRACT Objectives: This study examines the relationships between information motivation behavioral skills model constructs and their associations with consistent condom use and condom use problems among young Black men. Methods: The authors use baseline data collected from 702 participants in a randomized controlled trial. Analyses involved path modeling and bootstrapped standard errors to estimate associations. Results: Motivation had the largest association with consistent condom use, whereas condom application skills had the largest association with condom use problems. Conclusion: Motivation is the most important predictor of consistent condom use, whereas condom application skills are the most important predictor of condom use problems.
Synthesis of Power-Efficient Memory-Intensive Systems-on-Chip ∗

Recent commercial trends combining computer, personal communication, and commodity electronics have resulted in a new set of system design requirements focusing on power minimization and design reuse. We have developed a new modular synthesis technique for the design of core-based memory-intensive application-specific systems-on-chip optimized for power. The power optimization occurs during hardware-software co-synthesis through compilation and resource allocation. The compilation techniques include reduction of instruction cache misses and placement of frequently executed sequential blocks of code in consecutive Gray code addressed memory locations. The resource allocation technique conducts a search for a near-optimal power-efficient processor and instruction and data cache configuration, while meeting real-time performance demands. In order to bridge the gap between the profiling and modeling tools from two traditionally disjoint synthesis domains (architecture and computer-aided design), we have developed a new synthesis and evaluation platform. The platform integrates the existing modeling, profiling, and simulation tools with system-level synthesis tools. The effectiveness of the synthesis approach is demonstrated on a variety of modern multimedia and communication applications.