Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of an electric field on the Bohm-Aharonov oscillations in the electronic spectrum of a quantum ring

We have studied the effects of an external electric field on the electronic and optical spectra of a semiconductor quantum ring threaded by a magnetic flux. The calculations were performed within a single-particle formalism using the effective-mass approximation. An electric field applied in the ring plane destroys the rotational invariance, mixing the states with different angular momentum and suppressing the oscillations of the ground-state energy as a function of the magnetic field. However, for excited states whose electronic wave function are allowed to spread out along the ring, periodic Bohm-Aharonov-type oscillations are found. The range of energies for which these oscillations occur can be controlled by changing the electric-field strength. To explore the possibility that this effect can be observed in future optical measurements we have calculated the absorption coefficient for different configurations of magnetic and electric fields. Our results show very rich spectra for quantum rings in the presence of electric fields, which effectively displays the signature of the Bohm-Aharonov effect.
rPPG Signal Measurement Based on Time-do-main Attention Network

The measurement of heart rate without touching the object being measured is referred to as “non-contact heart rate estimation. ” Telemedicine, education, and a variety of other fields can all benefit from this approach, which is capable of achieving continuous heart rate measurement under certain conditions. The video segmentation network and the backbone network are cascaded in this paper’s cascaded heart rate estimation model. Adding temporal attention based on the existing 3D convolutional network model, the video segmentation network divides the video into multiple segments and fuses the relevant temporal features. It then sends the fusion results to the backbone network with the temporal attention mechanism. Mechanisms and modules like spatiotemporal convolution to make heart rate measurement more reliable and use a custom joint loss function to cut out other kinds of periodic signals’ influence. The trial results show the way that the proposed calculation can successfully lessen movement ancient rarity and light change clamor.Additionally, the dataset UBFC-rPPG demonstrates the model’s efficacy.
The estimate one-two-sided confidence intervals for mean of spectral reflectance of the vegetation

This paper studies the problem on the estimate one-two-sided confidence intervals for mean of spectral reflectance of the vegetation. For this, the theory and methodology of mathematical statistics, algorithms and technologies of remote sensing, and a wide review of modern scientific literature are involved. As a result, for mean of spectral reflectance of the vegetation was estimated left-right-two-sided confidence intervals under realistic, optimistic, and pessimistic scenarios. And left-right-two-sided inequalities are given for mean of spectral reflectance of the vegetation.
Dynamic properties analysis of ball screw feed system based on improved hybrid model

Ball screws are widely used as feed systems for machine tools due to their high transmission efficiency and long service life. However, the large inertia force generated by the ball screw in high-speed motion will excite its flexible mode and cause system vibration. In the actual working condition, the dynamics of the system will also change with the nut position and workpiece mass. In order to further study the modeling method and dynamic properties of the ball screw feed system, this paper firstly improves the traditional hybrid model by introducing an energy loss factor to modify the hysteresis damping of the model. Further, the rationality of the improved model is verified by hammer test. Finally, the model was used to analyze the dynamic properties of the system and to obtain the influence law of workpiece mass and nut position on the system natural frequency.
Design of Low-Power High-Speed Double-Tail Dynamic Comparator Based on Charge-Steering Concept

In this thesis, a low-power dissipation high-speed double-tail dynamic comparator is designed. Based on the principles of charge-steering, a clock charge pump is used at the tail of the latch stage to replace the clock current source, which reduce the output swing and kick-back noise of the comparator. Meanwhile, digital logic is added to the pre-amplification stage to eliminate quiescent current and further reduce power consumption. Based on the SMIC 28nm CMOS process, the proposed comparator is simulated and verified. The results show that under the condition of 0.9V supply voltage and 1MHz sampling frequency, the power dissipation is 5. 4μW, the delay is 245ps, and the offset voltage is 6.9mV. Compared with a high-speed comparator, under the premise of achieving the same performance, the power consumption is reduced by 69%.
Optimal Control of Microgrid Integrated with PV, WT and BESS

Distributed renewable sources (DES) are widely deployed to satisfy the requirements of increasing energy demand, slowing down the consumption traditional energy and reducing the side effect on environment. However, with the increasing amount of DES connected into the microgrid, the stability, robustness and economy of grid will encounter with some challenges. So, this paper will discuss the energy management system (EMS) of microgrid integrated with wind turbine (WT) system, photovoltaics (PV) system and battery energy storage systems (BESS) to realize the stability, enhance the robustness and reduce the cost of microgrid. This paper first reviews the current relative works. Secondly, the mathematical model of microgrid is constructed which is followed by the different microgrid control strategies. Then, the simulation with results is provided.
Secondary instability of cross-flow vortices in Falkner–Skan–Cooke boundary layers

Linear eigenvalue calculations and spatial direct numerical simulations (DNS) of disturbance growth in Falkner–Skan–Cooke (FSC) boundary layers have been performed. The growth rates of the small-amplitude disturbances obtained from the DNS calculations show differences compared to linear local theory, i.e. non-parallel effects are present. With higher amplitude initial disturbances in the DNS calculations, saturated cross-flow vortices are obtained. In these vortices strong shear layers appear. When a small random disturbance is added to a saturated cross-flow vortex, a low-frequency mode is found located at the bottom shear layer of the cross-flow vortex and a high-frequency secondary instability is found at the upper shear layer of the cross-flow vortex. The growth rates of the secondary instabilities are found from detailed analysis of simulations of single-frequency disturbances. The low-frequency disturbance is amplified throughout the domain, but with a lower growth rate than the high-frequency disturbance, which is amplified only once the cross-flow vortices have started to saturate. The high-frequency disturbance has a growth rate that is considerably higher than the growth rates for the primary instabilities, and it is conjectured that the onset of the high-frequency instability is well correlated with the start of transition.
Influence of lightculture on obtaining planting material of Ipomoea batatas (L.) in vitro

The current article presents the results of the influence of lighting conditions on the morphogenetic potential of Ipomoea batatas (L.) microcuttings in vitro. The studied objects were 4 sweet potato cultivars - Jewel, Purple, Porto Rico, Vinnitsa pink. Microcuttings of I. batatas were cultivated in vitro. We used nutrient medium with mineral salts (according to the prescription of Murashige and Skoog (MS)) and medium only with distilled water (without mineral salts). All nutrient media contained sucrose 2% and agar 0.7%. Hormones were not added to the nutrient media. We studied the influence of the different red (R) and far red (FR) ratios, as well as the red and blue light spectrum on the formation of microshoots and the root system. It was shown that the lighting regimes (R and FR ratio) had a stimulating effect on the roots and shoots growth regardless of the medium composition. Moreover, significant results were obtained under conditions of complete nutrition (mineral salts according to MS) in contrast to the control treatment (fluorescent lamps) and the treatment without salts. The best results were obtained at the R=FR treatment. This light treatment can be recommended for inclusion in the technology of clonal micropropagation of sweet potato. When red and blue spectra were added to normal illumination in different proportions, it did not lead to an increase in the morphogenetic potential of cultivated explants. The growth rate (μ) of the main shoot from axillary buds was about 2 times less than in the control treatment.
Impacts of first- and second-order optimization in deep learning of turbulent fluctuations from gas puff imaging

Following the results of [1], which demonstrates a novel method to translate 2-dimensional measurements of HeI line radiation on turbulent scale into local plasma fluctuations via an integrated deep learning framework, this manuscript investigates the results when applying two separate techniques for optimization: Adam and L-BFGS. Fundamentally, the two approaches apply the same set of constraints and loss functions that combine neutral transport physics and collisional radiative theory for the 33D − 23P (587.6 nm line) transition in atomic helium whilst training the networks. The impact of these first- and second-order optimization techniques are investigated to examine their influence on numerical convergence and stability when seeking to analyze turbulent dynamics via gas puff imaging in experimental plasmas.
Film-Cooling Effectiveness Downstream of a Single Row of Holes With Numberical Modeling in ANSYS-Fluent

With the increasing thrust of aero-engine, the temperature of turbine leading edge gradually exceeded the limit that materials can bear. Therefore, it is a common way to cool the turbine blades with a reasonable structure of film cooling. In this paper, the single exhaust film hole is taken as the main research object, and the effects of jet mass flow ratio, different temperature of mainstream and jet flow on the cooling effect are studied. The main research method is numerical modeling, and the modeling results are compared with the existing experimental results. The results show that the results have some error in jet’s flow situation and fluctuation in cooling efficiency, but there are still some errors in the calculation of heat transfer efficiency, which may be related to boundary layer separation phenomenon and the accuracy of the corresponding turbulence model.
Wasserstein Distance

Familiar examples of polyhedral norms are || · ||∞ and || · ||1, where the unit ball B is the cube and the crosspolytope respectively. Polyhedral norms are very important in optimal transport theory, where one uses Wasserstein norm on the space of probability distributions. This will be our main application in this lecture, and it will be discussed in detail later on. We begin our discussion with a general polyhedral norm, that is, we allow B to be an arbitrary full-dimensional centrally symmetric polytope in R. The boundary of B consists of faces whose dimensions range from 0 to n − 1. We use the dot · for the standard inner product on R. Recall that a subset F of B is a face if there exists l ∈ R\{0} such that
Application of two-axial rolling for multicore Bi(2223)/Ag tapes

Multicore Ag-sheathed Bi(2223) tapes have been prepared by OPIT technique using the two-axial rolling deformation by active `Turk's head' roller. In comparison to wire drawing, the presented technique allows one to avoid the tensile stress during composite deformation and to increase the BSCCO-core density. A better homogeneity of filaments has been obtained by two-axial rolling. The transport critical current and its angular dependencies have been measured for single and 36 filament rectangular wires and tapes. Total tape widening influences the transport current density considerably but anisotropy at 0.1 T and 77 K is affected only slightly. Reduced anisotropy has been measured in a single core wire which has texturing of grains in two perpendicular rolling planes.
Infall patterns around rich clusters of galaxies

The pattern of infall velocities induced by a rich cluster of galaxies is considered, using an infall model based on the Friedmann solution to determine the exact implicit dependence of the peculiar velocity on the density enhancment and the mean cosmological mass density, Omega(0). An analytic model for the distribution of galaxies around a cluster core in redshift space is developed. The high-density caustics in redshift space are shown to appear as envelopes around rich clusters. Assuming that the galaxies trace the matter distribution, low Omega(0) models can explain observational data obtained for four clusters. The present results support the prediction that light traces mass in the infall region. 26 refs.
A minimax problem for graphs and its relation to generalized doubly stochastic matrices

A general approach to a class of minimax problems for graphs is formulated. Let Gbe a simple graph 8(G) the set of all nonnegative valuations Cis of the set of edges of Gthe sum of the valuations of which is equal to the number of edges. Properties of the minimum for Ce 8(G)h(G) of the maximum eigenvalue of the Laplacian of G(endowed by the valuation C) are investigated, in particular, for bipartite graphs and trees. For bipartite giaphs, a close relationship with t he generalized doubly stochastic matrices is shown.
Proposed experiment to investigate use of heated optical fibers for tokamak diagnostics during D‐T discharges

A collaborative JET/TFTR study has been undertaken to investigate attenuation and luminescence effects due to neutron irradiation of optical fibers heated to 400{degrees}C. It is expected that a significant improvement in fiber behavior will be observed due to thermal annealing. This technique may be important for use in fiber-related, tokamak diagnostics exposed to high neutron flux. The study will make use of aluminum jacketed, 600 {mu}m diameter, all silica (F-doped cladding) fibers in lengths of 150 m. The fibers are prepared in 1 foot coils. Of the coils to be irradiated, one is heated constantly to 400{degrees}C, a second is not heated, and a third is heated periodically. A fourth fiber coil is not to be irradiated. Spectrally and temporally resolved transmission and luminescence data under neutron irradiation during D-T discharges on TFTR will be obtained. An investigation of permanent and short term effects will be made. Experimental details along with initial results will be presented.
Large scale two-dimensional arrays of magnesium diboride superconducting quantum interference devices

Magnetic field sensors based on two-dimensional arrays of superconducting quantum interference devices were constructed from magnesium diboride thin films. Each array contained over 30 000 Josephson junctions fabricated by ion damage of 30 nm weak links through an implant mask defined by nano-lithography. Current-biased devices exhibited very large voltage modulation as a function of magnetic field, with amplitudes as high as 8 mV.
Metaheuristic Approaches to Realistic Portfolio Optimization

We investigate the application of two heuristic methods, genetic algorithms and tabu/scatter search, to the optimisation of realistic portfolios. The model is based on the classical mean-variance approach, but enhanced with floor and ceiling constraints, cardinality constraints and nonlinear transaction costs which include a substantial illiquidity premium. It is shown that genetic algorithms can optimise such portfolios effectively and within reasonable times. This approach also copes easily with extensive modifications such as the addition of more intricate constraints, discontinuous variables and more complex objective functions. The results indicate that that both floor and ceiling constraints have a substantial negative impact on portfolio performance and should be examined critically. Another insight is that nonlinear transaction costs which are comparable in magnitude to forecast returns will tend to diversify portfolios; the effect of these costs on portfolio risk is, however, ambiguous, depending on the degree of diversification required for cost reduction. The number of assets in a portfolio invariably increases as a result of constraints, costs and their combination. The implementation of cardinality constraints is essential for finding the best-performing portfolio. The ability of the heuristic method to deal with cardinality constraints is one of its most powerful features.
The magnetoelectric effect in pulsed magnetic fields

A measurement method for studying the magnetoelectric effect in pulsed magnetic fields was developed. Besides magnetization, the system allows the measurement of magnetostriction (using strain gauges) and the magnetoelectric effect. For measuring the magnetoelectric effect a special sample holder with fixed contacts and compensation coils was developed to ensure the reproducibility of the measurements. The magnetoelectric effect can be measured by two different methods: (i) During the application of a magnetic field pulse when the voltage appearing on the sample is directly recorded and (ii) As a function of a high frequency (f=10kHz) ac field superimposed to the main field pulse. In this way an ac voltage appears in the sample which is proportional to the charge change ΔQ=Q0sin(wt+Φ). This voltage is measured using a fast analog lock-in amplifier. A detailed description of the total system is provided. The magnetoelectric effect on well known composites of cobalt ferrite and barium titanate was measured .
A modified extended method to find a series of exact solutions for a system of complex coupled KdV equations

In this paper an algebraic method is devised to uniformly construct a series of complete new exact solutions for general nonlinear equations. For illustration, we apply the modified proposed method to revisit a complex coupled KdV system and successfully construct a series of new exact solutions including the soliton solutions and elliptic doubly periodic solutions.
Childrenʼs language abilities predict success in remote communication contexts

Remote communicative contexts are part of everyday social, familial, and academic interactions for the modern child. We investigated the ability of second-graders to engage in remote discourse, and we determined whether language ability, theory of mind, and shy temperament predicted their success. Fifty 7-to-9-year-old monolingual English speakers with a wide range of language abilities participated in standardized testing and an expository discourse task in which they taught two adults to solve the Tower of London, one in an audiovisual condition to simulate video chat and a second in an audio-only condition to simulate phone communication. The discourse was scored with a rubric of 15 items deemed relevant to the explanation. Children included 27% to 87% of the items, with more items communicated via gesture than spoken word in both conditions. Gesture scores and spoken scores were highly correlated. Children specified more rubric items overall in the audio condition and more rubric items in the spoken modality when in the audio condition than the audiovisual condition. Performance in both conditions was positively associated with scores on independent measures of language ability. There was no relationship between performance and theory of mind, shy temperament, ability to solve the Tower of London, age, or sex. We conclude that 7-to-9-year-olds adjust the modality and content of their message to suit their remote partner’s needs, but their success in remote discourse contexts varies significantly from individual to individual. Children with below-average language skills are at risk for functional impairments in remote communication.
Exploration of college teachers’ psychological adaptation to online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic using potential profile analysis

The present study used a person-centered approach to examine college teachers’ psychological adaptation to online teaching and its relationship with demographic variables. A total of 2104 college teachers were surveyed using the Psychological Adaption to Online Teaching Scale between March 25 and March 31, 2020. Data were analyzed using latent profile analysis, chi-square test, and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Based on their psychological adaptation during online teaching immediately after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, college teachers were divided into three latent profiles: common, maladaptive, and positive. Among these, the common type accounted for the largest proportion (56.1%), while the maladaptive type accounted for the smallest (10.9%). There were significant differences in the distribution of psychological adaptation latent types in college teachers with different educational backgrounds and professional titles. A better educational background and higher professional title is closely related with college teachers’ psychological adaptation to online teaching.
F-box receptor mediated control of substrate stability and subcellular location organizes cellular development of Aspergillus nidulans

Fungal growth and development are coordinated with specific secondary metabolism. This coordination requires 8 of 74 F-box proteins of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. F-box proteins recognize primed substrates for ubiquitination by Skp1-Cul1-Fbx (SCF) E3 ubiquitin RING ligases and degradation by the 26S proteasome. 24 F-box proteins are found in the nuclear fraction as part of SCFs during vegetative growth. 43 F-box proteins interact with SCF proteins during growth, development or stress. 45 F-box proteins are associated with more than 700 proteins that have mainly regulatory roles. This corroborates that accurate surveillance of protein stability is prerequisite for organizing multicellular fungal development. Fbx23 combines subcellular location and protein stability control, illustrating the complexity of F-box mediated regulation during fungal development. Fbx23 interacts with epigenetic methyltransferase VipC which interacts with fungal NF-κB-like velvet domain regulator VeA that coordinates fungal development with secondary metabolism. Fbx23 prevents nuclear accumulation of methyltransferase VipC during early development. These results suggest that in addition to their role in protein degradation, F-box proteins also control subcellular accumulations of key regulatory proteins for fungal development.