Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Seasonality and Upwelling on Coral Reef Functioning in Tayrona National Natural Park, Colombian Caribbean

Coral reefs are subjected to physical changes in their surroundings including wind velocity, water temperature and water currents that can affect ecological processes on different spatial and temporal scales. However, the dynamics of these physical variables in coral reef ecosystems are poorly understood. In this context, Tayrona National Natural Park (TNNP) in the Colombian Caribbean is an ideal study location, because it contains coral reefs and is exposed to seasonal upwelling that strongly changes all key physical factors mentioned above. This study therefore investigated wind velocity and water temperature over two years, as well as water current velocity and direction for representative months of each season at a windand wave-exposed and a -sheltered coral reef site in one exemplary bay of TNNP using meteorological data, temperature loggers, and an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) in order to describe the
Scene Visual Art Aided Design Based on Virtual Reality Technology

With the rapid development of multimedia technology, art and design tend to be combined with computer technology, and various comprehensive auxiliary design tools and software have emerged. However, scene visual art design is influenced by various factors, and if there are some problems in the design of scene visual art, it will lead to the design results not achieving the expected results. Therefore, establishing a virtual reality based environmental visual art design system is the main problem currently facing. Through experiments on the interaction rate between users and the system, it can be seen that the scene visual art design system based on virtual reality technology can not only generate three-dimensional scenes, but also achieve high interaction between users and scenes, with an interaction rate of over 90%. Compared with the situational visual art design designed in this article, the interaction rate of traditional situational visual art is much lower. Therefore, designing a scene visual art assistance system based on virtual reality technology is of great significance.
Geostatistical modelling of salt-water aquifer pollution due to evaporite-domes leaching in the Maragota area

In the south of Portugal, saline contamination may occur due to evaporite-domes leaching. The study of this diffuse pollution has been neglected in the past in spite of the extension of the hazardous areas and of the serious problems for human health. Furthermore, as the phenomenon occurs near the coast the problem can be wrongly evaluated in those aquifers where some saline contamination is caused by sea-water intrusion. In order to evaluate the extension of this phenomenon and the causes of this pollution in the Maragota area (Algarve region) we have performed a complete non-parametric geostatistical analysis of chloride-concentration data and of geophysical anomalies obtained during a proton-magnetometer survey. The study encompassed the following phases: 1) several thresholds and indicators of the saline variable were built, and a structural analysis was performed; 2) conditional probabilities according to the distance, i.e. the probabilities that exceed a specific threshold when entering the domain of a lower threshold, were calculated on the basis of the ratios between the cross-variograms of two indicators and their simple variograms; 3) for decision purposes, isoprobability contour maps of the chloride content exceeding a specific threshold value were drawn, 4) a comparative analysis of the detected magnetic anomalies with the saline anomalies has clearly pointed to the saline deposits as the most plausible groundwater-pollution source.
Protists in hypoxic waters of Jinhae Bay and Masan Bay, Korea, based on metabarcoding analyses: emphasizing surviving dinoflagellates

Hypoxia can indeed impact the survival of protists, which play a crucial role in marine ecosystems. To better understand the protistan community structure and species that can thrive in hypoxic waters, we collected samples from both the surface and bottom waters during the hypoxic period in Jinhae and Masan Bays and the non-hypoxic period in Jinhae Bay. Subsequently, we utilized metabarcoding techniques to identify the protistan species. During hypoxia, with dissolved oxygen concentrations of 0.8 mg L-1 in Jinhae Bay and 1.8 mg L-1 in Masan Bay within the bottom waters, the phylum Dinoflagellata exhibited the highest amplicon sequence variants richness among the identified protist phyla. Following the Dinoflagellata, Ochrophyta and Ciliophora also displayed notable presence. In hypoxic waters of Jinhae and Masan Bays, we identified a total of 36 dinoflagellate species that exhibited various trophic modes. These included one autotrophic species, 14 mixotrophic species, 9 phototrophic species with undetermined trophic modes (either autotrophic or mixotrophic), 2 kleptoplastidic species, and 10 heterotrophic species. Furthermore, the hypoxic bottom water exhibited a greater number of heterotrophic dinoflagellate species compared to the non-hypoxic surface water within the same water column or the non-hypoxic bottom water. Therefore, feeding by mixotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates may be partially responsible for their dominance in terms of the number of species surviving in hypoxic waters. This study not only introduces the initial documentation of 26 dinoflagellate species surviving in hypoxic conditions but also establishes a foundation for a more comprehensive understanding of the ecophysiology of dinoflagellates in hypoxic marine environments.
Role of Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Generation: Reviewing Energy Saving Applications, Solutions, and Insights

Renewable energy sources (RES) are typically unscheduled, much smaller when compared to conventional energy sources, and frequently connected to the distribution system of electricity rather than the transmission system. Electricity networks must take special care when integrating such time-varying “distributed” or “embedded” sources. All rotating masses directly connected to the grid have historically been considered when calculating the inertia of power systems. Since integrating RES, notably photovoltaic (PV) installations and wind power plants, power systems have changed tremendously. At the grid interface, most renewable energy sources incorporate power electronics, which is essentially to blame for this transformation. Flexible ac transmission systems (FACTSs) and voltage-source converters with sophisticated dynamic controllers are being more widely used to improve the quality of electricity. Distributed FACTSs are crucial for enhancing power quality, maximizing energy efficiency, and ensuring effective energy management using renewable energy sources in smart grids. The analysis of power systems' stability and reliability is significantly impacted overall. Power systems need new strategies that modify conventional generation control algorithms as they become more dynamic. Increasing power electronics-based renewable generation can drastically reduce modern power systems' inertia levels. Due to developments in semiconductors and control, power electronics might become an enabling technology for inertia control in future power systems. This paper discusses some of the challenges and issues related to power electronic converters in renewable energy. Some of the solutions regarding this issue are also explained.
3D printed electrolyte-supported solid oxide cells based on Ytterbium-doped scandia-stabilized zirconia

Solid oxide cells (SOC) are an efficient and cost-effective energy conversion technology able to operate reversibly in fuel cell and electrolysis mode. Electrolyte-supported SOC have been recently fabricated employing 3D printing to generate unique geometries with never-explored capabilities. However, the use of the state-of-the-art electrolyte based on yttria-stabilized zirconia limits the current performance of such printed devices due to a limited oxide-ion conductivity. In the last years, alternative electrolytes such as scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) became more popular to increase the performance of electrolyte-supported cells. In this work, stereolithography 3D printing of Ytterbium-doped ScSZ was developed to fabricate SOC with planar and corrugated architectures. Symmetrical and full cells with about 250 μm- thick electrolytes were fabricated and electrochemically characterized using impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic studies. Maximum power density of 500 mW cm−2 in fuel cell mode and an injected current of 1 A cm−2 at 1.3 V in electrolysis mode, both measured at 900 °C, were obtained demonstrating the feasibility of 3D printing for the fabrication of high-performance electrolyte-supported SOC. This, together with excellent stability proved for more than 350 h of operation, opens a new scenario for using complex-shaped SOC in real applications.
Data-driven prediction model and performance analysis based on optimized neural network

This paper studies the prediction and performance comparison based on BP, PSO-BP and SA-BP models. Taking real estate as an example, because of the complex and nonlinear relationship between its influencing factors, the accuracy of traditional prediction methods is low. Therefore, this paper proposes an innovative prediction model based on SA-BP neural network, and verifies its effectiveness through 110 sets of real estate transaction data in Shenyang from 2021 to 2022. The experimental results show that the prediction accuracy of PSO-BP and SA-BP models is better than that of BP model, and SA-BP model performs best. This study fills the research gap in related fields and provides valuable reference for market decision-making such as real estate.
Psychological intervention priorities according to perinatal women who experienced suicidal thoughts and perinatal mental health professionals: a Q-methodology study

Introduction Suicide is the leading direct cause of maternal death in the year following birth and the second leading cause during pregnancy, in the UK and Ireland. Currently no evidence-based psychological interventions exist specifically designed to reduce mothers’ suicidal experiences during the perinatal period. Reducing suicidal ideation and behaviour in mothers is a priority to prevent deaths and lessen the distress felt by mothers and their families. As Q-methodology measures the consensus and disagreement between individuals on a given topic, the current study used Q-methodology to elicit the priorities for a future psychological intervention aimed at reducing suicidal ideation and behaviour during the perinatal period, from the collective perspectives of both mothers and professionals. Method As part of this Q-methodology study, we developed a Q-set of 75 statements pertaining to possible elements of a psychological intervention that might help reduce a mother’s suicidal ideation and behaviour during the perinatal period. Mothers and professionals were recruited via perinatal mental health services and social media advertisements. Results Twenty-one mothers and 11 perinatal mental health professionals ranked each Q-set statement depending on its perceived importance in developing a new intervention. A centroid factor analysis was conducted and two factors, which accounted for 42% of the overall variance, were identified: Factor 1 “supporting the mother to create distance between herself and the appeal of suicide” and Factor 2 “establishing positive connections with the therapist, the baby and motherhood. ” All participants believed that developing plans to keep the mother safe from suicide was the most important aspect for inclusion in a future intervention. Participants who loaded onto Factor 1 also prioritised supporting mothers to learn more about triggers for their suicidal ideation and behaviour. Ensuring a robust therapeutic alliance was more important for those who loaded onto Factor 2. Conclusion This is the first study using Q-methodology to explore the psychological intervention priorities of mothers and professionals. Findings indicate clear priorities in terms of planning and coping during a crisis, endorsed by all participants, and provide an initial step in the development of a new perinatal suicide prevention intervention.
The Potential of a Stratified Approach to Drug Repurposing in Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by the build-up of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. While multiple theories explaining the aetiology of the disease have been suggested, the underlying cause of the disease is still unknown. Despite this, several modifiable and non-modifiable factors that increase the risk of developing AD have been identified. To date, only eight AD drugs have ever gained regulatory approval, including six symptomatic and two disease-modifying drugs. However, not all are available in all countries and high costs associated with new disease-modifying biologics prevent large proportions of the patient population from accessing them. With the current patient population expected to triple by 2050, it is imperative that new, effective, and affordable drugs become available to patients. Traditional drug development strategies have a 99% failure rate in AD, which is far higher than in other disease areas. Even when a drug does reach the market, additional barriers such as high cost and lack of accessibility prevent patients from benefiting from them. In this review, we discuss how a stratified medicine drug repurposing approach may address some of the limitations and barriers that traditional strategies face in relation to drug development in AD. We believe that novel, stratified drug repurposing studies may expedite the discovery of alternative, effective, and more affordable treatment options for a rapidly expanding patient population in comparison with traditional drug development methods.
UAV and TLS for monitoring a creek in an alpine environment, Styria, Austria

ABSTRACT Flood events often endangered and damaged the small town of Oberwölz (Styria, Austria) and its nearby surroundings. In 2011 the last bigger flood occurred. After that, the main watercourse, the Schöttlbach creek, became a centre of a national funded research project. A wide variety of methods were applied together with intra- and extra-universitarian project partners to investigate that creek from a fluvial-geomorphological point of view. Apart from hydrological, meteorological, and geophysical methods, both, terrestrial and airborne remote-sensing techniques were applied. In particular, terrestrial laser scanning data as well as terrestrial and aerial photographs were frequently recorded since 2012. On the one hand the terrestrial monitoring focused on some representative erosion sites to quantify detailed erosion rates. On the other hand recording the sediment catchment output at the flood detention basin was intended. The aerial-based monitoring included three flight campaigns using mainly a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle to cover approximately an area of about 170 ha that corresponds roughly to the major parts of the Schöttlbach creek. The main focus of the study lies on the adequate processing, georeferencing, and qualitative and quantitative comparison of the recorded elevation data. This was primarily done by using structure from motion photogrammetry and geodetic measurements. The resulting point clouds, digital elevation models, and orthophotos allow a visualization and quantification of morphodynamic processes. As a main outcome of this study, the combined usage of the mentioned methods can be seen. In this way, data recording from diverse perspectives is possible and allows a consideration of the varying terrain inclination. In addition, the significance of the resulting data for a geomorphological interpretation was assessed by describing the uncertainties. Beyond that, this methodology meets the need for observation at different scales.
Energy balance at the soil atmospheric interface

Soil atmospheric interactions play an important role within the thermal energy balance and seasonal temperature variations of the ground. This paper presents a formulation for the surface boundary conditions related to interactions between soil and atmosphere. The boundary condition formulated considers heat flow at the soil–atmosphere interface through mechanisms of shortwave radiation, long-wave radiation, sensible radiation and latent heat radiation. The effects of surface moisture flux on energy balance at the interface are explicitly included in the formulation. The developed boundary condition has been implemented in a numerical model for coupled thermal, hydraulic and mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils. The evaporation component of the model is tested, and the results are compared with data from an experimental study at the surface of an area of agricultural land reported in the literature. The results of modelling have been found to compare favourably with the reported data set. The formulation developed for the soil atmospheric boundary condition allows climatic variables, including solar radiation, ambient air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, rainfall and evaporation, to be incorporated in the long-term analysis of energy balance. This also enables a further detailed inspection of the climate’s role in ground thermal behaviour of ground source heat systems.
The ileal microbiome and mucosal immune profiles in response to dietary supplementation of ultra-grinded Astragalus membranaceus in weaned goats

Weaning goats are susceptible to diarrhea and have weakened immune functions due to physiological, dietary and environmental stresses. Astragalus membranaceus (A. membranaceus), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has been shown to improve growth performance and immunity in weaned ruminants. However, the influence mechanism of A. membranaceus on intestinal microbiota and mucosal immunity in weaned goats is still unknown. This study investigated the effects of ultra-grinded A. membranaceus (UGAM) on the immune function and microbial community in the ileum of weaned goats. Eighteen healthy weaned Xiangdong black goats (BW, 5.30 ± 1.388 kg) were used in a study of completely randomized block design with 28 days long. The animals were randomly assigned to either a basal diet supplemented with 10 g/d of milk replacer (CON, n = 9) or the CON diet supplemented with 10 g/head UGAM (UGAM, n = 9). Supplementation of UGAM increased (p < 0.05) the plasma concentrations of total protein and albumin. Meanwhile, the addition of UGAM reduced (p < 0.05) the relative mRNA expression of the IL-6 gene (a marker of inflammation), indicating the potential immunomodulatory effect of UGAM. Moreover, the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobiota and Mycoplasma were lower (p < 0.05) in the ileum of goats supplemented with UGAM than CON. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation of UGAM may have enhanced the ileum health of weaned goats by reducing inflammation factor expression and reducing the relative abundance of pathogenic microbes. The observed beneficial effects of ultra-grinded A. membranaceus on ileal mucosal immune and the community of ileal microbiota indicate its potential to be used as a viable option for promoting the well-being of weaned goats under weaning stress.
AdapTV+: Enhancing Model-Based Test Adaptation for Smart TVs through Icon Recognition

Our previous approach to test adaptation in smart TVs had a limitation in handling UI elements that lack associated text. To address this issue, we created a dataset and trained a classifier to label frequently used icons found in smart TVs, which can be recognized without an associated text. In cases where a UI element lacks associated text, we utilize the classifier to label the element, enabling the identification of "equivalent states". This paper presents the development, training process, and potential impact of this classifier on our test adaptation technique. Evaluation results show that our classifier significantly improves metrics like success rate, adaptation rate, and test length overhead. Our proposed methodology, combined with the trained classifier, offers practical solutions to enhance test adaptation processes in smart TVs.
Multilevel Heterogeneity of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis

Simple Summary Liver metastasis remains a major hurdle to the long-lasting survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). When CRC spreads to the liver, tumor cells undergo a series of changes to adapt to the new environment, leading to evident heterogeneity. Therefore, understanding the features of metastatic tumor cells in the liver is valuable for the overall control of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM). In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the spatial heterogeneity of CRLM at different molecular levels, including genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolism, and immune levels. While genetic heterogeneity may not be apparent, the other four levels demonstrate significant heterogeneity. Compared to primary CRC, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins are significantly altered. Moreover, the metabolic activity is enhanced and the infiltration of immuno-suppressive cells is increased in CRLM. All these changes promote the metastasis and colonization of CRC cells. Based on these findings, we also summarize preclinical therapeutic modalities targeting the heterogeneity of CRLM, aiming to provide new directions for clinical interventions and improve the survival rates of these patients. Abstract Colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) is a highly heterogeneous disease. Therapies that target both primary foci and liver metastasis are severely lacking. Therefore, understanding the features of metastatic tumor cells in the liver is valuable for the overall control of CRLM patients. In this review, we summarize the heterogeneity exhibited in CRLM from five aspects (gene, transcriptome, protein, metabolism, and immunity). In addition to genetic heterogeneity, the other four aspects exhibit significant heterogeneity. Compared to primary CRC, the dysregulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins, the enhanced metabolic activity, and the increased infiltration of immunosuppressive cells are detected in CRLM. Preclinical evidence shows that targeting the EMT process or enhancing cellular metabolism may represent a novel approach to increasing the therapeutic efficacy of CRLM.
Identification and Measurement of Sea Cucumber Based on YOLOv7 and GrabCut-RGBD

The sea cucumber fishing ROV needs to select and grade the sea cucumber when it is fishing the sea cucumber. However, refraction and image quality seriously affect the recognition of sea cucumber by sea cucumber fishing ROV and the accurate measurement of sea cucumber size. This paper presents a new method of sea cucumber identification and size measurement based on YOLOv7 and GrabCut-RGBD. On the left eye correction image, the pretrained YOLOv7 sea cucumber detection model was used to identify the sea cucumber and locate the region of interest. A GrabCut-RGBD image segmentation method was used to segment two-dimensional sea cucumber objects on the region of interest, so as to obtain two-dimensional sea cucumber dimensions. The three-dimensional coordinates are obtained by triangulation, and the optimal size measurement point is found on the target image of sea cucumber to realize automatic size measurement of sea cucumber. The experimental results show that the accuracy of sea cucumber identification is 97%, and the average error of sea cucumber size measurement is 6%, which is better than the traditional method in sea cucumber identification and size measurement.