Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contrast Data Mining: Concepts, Algorithms, and Applications

A Fruitful Field for Researching Data Mining Methodology and for Solving Real-Life ProblemsContrast Data Mining: Concepts, Algorithms, and Applications collects recent results from this specialized area of data mining that have previously been scattered in the literature, making them more accessible to researchers and developers in data mining and other fields. The book not only presents concepts and techniques for contrast data mining, but also explores the use of contrast mining to solve challenging problems in various scientific, medical, and business domains. Learn from Real Case Studies of Contrast Mining ApplicationsIn this volume, researchers from around the world specializing in architecture engineering, bioinformatics, computer science, medicine, and systems engineering focus on the mining and use of contrast patterns. They demonstrate many useful and powerful capabilities of a variety of contrast mining techniques and algorithms, including tree-based structures, zero-suppressed binary decision diagrams, data cube representations, and clustering algorithms. They also examine how contrast mining is used in leukemia characterization, discriminative gene transfer and microarray analysis, computational toxicology, spatial and image data classification, voting analysis, heart disease prediction, crime analysis, understanding customer behavior, genetic algorithms, and network security.
Class Consciousness, Service Work: youth and class in Nanjing vocational secondary schools

This essay discusses an interesting paradox forming in urban China today. Using a Weberian framework, it argues that recent changes in state policy, educational structures, and forms of social status are producing new social classes. Yet at the same time, the very processes and policies that enable these new class formations also mitigate against the development of class consciousness. Based on a year of ethnographic research in two vocational secondary schools in Nanjing, this essay looks closely at the ways in which young people who are preparing to enter the lower echelons of the urban service economy are potentially part of a new social class, but one with very limited potential to develop class consciousness.
Evaluation of a Mental Toughness Training Program for Youth-Aged Australian Footballers: I. A Quantitative Analysis

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different psychological skills training (PST) packages in enhancing mental toughness among three youth-aged (under 15 years old) Australian football teams. We compared a program targeting the keys to mental toughness identified previously (Gucciardi, Gordon, & Dimmock, 2008) with a more traditional PST program targeting self-regulation, arousal regulation, mental rehearsal, attentional control, self-efficacy, and ideal performance state as well as a control group. Overall, both intervention groups reported more positive changes in subjective ratings of mental toughness, resilience, and flow than the control group. Similar ratings for mental toughness were reported by the parents and coaches. Both PST packages appeared to be equally effective in enhancing mental toughness.
How much does word sense disambiguation help in sentiment analysis of micropost data?

This short paper describes a sentiment analysis system for micro-post data that includes analysis of tweets from Twitter and Short Messaging Service (SMS) text messages. We discuss our system that makes use of Word Sense Disambiguation techniques in sentiment analysis at the message level, where the entire tweet or SMS text was analysed to determine its dominant sentiment. Previous work done in the area of Word Sense Disambiguation does not throw light on its influence on the analysis of social-media text and micropost data, which is what our work aims to achieve. Our experiments show that the use of Word Sense Disambiguation alone has resulted in an improved sentiment analysis system that outperforms systems built without incorporating Word Sense Disambiguation.
Posterior and anterior contribution of hand-movement preparation to late CNV.

The late part of the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) is assumed to be a composite potential, reflecting both movement preparation and several other processes. To assess the contribution of hand–motor preparation to overall CNV, 3 S1–S2 experiments were performed. Replicating earlier results that have been interpreted as demonstrating hand–motor preparation, Exp 1 showed that CNV gets larger centro–parietally under speed instruction. Exps 2 and 3 compared preparation for hand responses to preparation for ocular responses varying the effector system either between blocks (Exp 2) or between trials (Exp 3) and also comparing these preparation situations to no preparation (Exp 3). Ss consisted of 10 medical students aged 23–29 yrs in Exp 1, 12 Ss aged 23–31 yrs in Exp 2, and 11 Ss in Exp 3. Hand–motor preparation was reflected in CNV getting larger fronto–centrally, with this topography being different from the effect in Exp1. Thus, 2 different kinds of motor preparation appear to be reflected by CNV. One kind may consist of assembling and maintaining the stimulus–response links appropriate to the expected S2 patterns, the other is for activating the hand–motor area. These 2 motor contributions to CNV might reflect the 2 aspects of the parieto–frontal motor system.
Design and Analysis of a Double-Stator Cup-Rotor Directly Driven Permanent Magnet Wind Power Generator

This paper presents a new double-stator cup-rotor directly driven permanent magnet machine for wind power generation. The machine configuration is so unique that it can significantly improve the torque density with small cogging torque. Because of the nature of double-stator windings, the machine can flexibly change their connections, hence providing a constant output voltage over a wide speed range for battery changing. Computer simulation is conducted by using the time-stepping finite element method. Both simulation and experimental results are given to verify the validity of the proposed machine
Investigating the Mobility of Light Autonomous Tracked Vehicles using a High Performance Computing Simulation Capability

Abstract : This paper is concerned with the physics-based simulation of light tracked vehicles operating on rough deformable terrain. The focus is on small autonomous vehicles, which weigh less than 100 lb and move on deformable and rough terrain that is feature rich and no longer representable using a continuum approach. A scenario of interest is, for instance, the simulation of a reconnaissance mission for a high mobility lightweight robot where objects such as a boulder or a ditch that could otherwise be considered small for a truck or tank, become major obstacles that can impede the mobility of the light autonomous vehicle and negatively impact the success of its mission. Analyzing and gauging the mobility and performance of these light vehicles is accomplished through a modeling and simulation capability called Chrono::Engine. Chrono::Engine relies on parallel execution on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) cards.
Three Generations of Automatically Designed Robots

The difficulties associated with designing, building, and controlling robots have led their development to a stasis: Applications are limited mostly to repetitive tasks with predefined behavior. Over the last few years we have been trying to address this challenge through an alternative approach: Rather than trying to control an existing machine or create a general-purpose robot, we propose that both the morphology and the controller should evolve at the same time. This process can lead to the automatic design of special-purpose mechanisms and controllers for specific short-term objectives. Here we provide a brief review of three generations of our recent research, which underlies the robots shown on the cover of this issue: Automatically designed static structures, automatically designed and manufactured dynamic electromechanical systems, and modular robots automatically designed through a generative DNA-like encoding.
High Dimensional Function Approximation ( Regression, Hypersurface Fitting ) by an Active Set Least Squares Learning Algorithm

1 1 Basics of Developing Regression Models from Data 3 1.1 Classic Regression Support Vector Machines Learning Setting 3 2 Active Set Method for Solving QP Based SVMs’ Learning 11 3 Active Set Least Squares (AS-LS) Regression 15 3.1 Implementation of the Active Set Least Squares Algorithm 19 3.1.1 Basics of Orthogonal Transformation 20 3.1. 2 An Iterative Update of the QR Decomposition by Householder Reflection 21 3.2 An Active Set Least Squares with Weights Constraints – Bounded LS Problem 26 4 Comparisons of SVMs and AS-LS Regression 29 4.1 Performance of an Active Set Least Squares (AS-LS) without Constraints 32 4.2 Performance of a Bounded Active Set Least Squares (AS-BLS) with Constraints 33
Finds No Evidence to upport the Use of Antibiotics for Pain Relief in rreversible Pulpitis ames

e l b c t p p c p bstract he Cochrane Systematic Review promotes evidenceased outcomes studies. The review summarized here as conducted in an attempt to achieve reliable evience concerning the effectiveness, or otherwise, of rescribing antibiotics for patients having irreversible ulpitis. A competent search strategy was developed nd used across several databases including MEDLINE o identify randomized controlled trials for inclusion. ssessment of methodological quality was based on riteria defined by The Cochrane Collaboration. Clinical utcome, expressed in terms of pain relief, was examned. There was a relative dearth of research providing high level of evidence. Only one methodologically ound trial was found that compared pain relief with ystemic antibiotic/analgesic treatment against a plaebo/analgesic combination during the acute preopertive phase of irreversible pulpitis. Although the seected study used a relatively small, low-powered ample, it did provide some evidence that there is no ignificant difference in pain relief for patients with ntreated irreversible pulpitis who received antibiotics ersus those who did not. These findings increase the ationale to investigate the teaching of safe and effecive antibiotic prescribing in endodontics and to adance the development of appropriate evidence-based linical guidelines. (J Endod 2006;32:87–92)
Arabidopsis Histone Methyltransferase SET DOMAIN GROUP8 Mediates Induction of the Jasmonate/Ethylene Pathway Genes in Plant Defense Response to Necrotrophic Fungi1[W][OA]

As sessile organisms, plants have to endure a wide variety of biotic and abiotic stresses, and accordingly they have evolved intricate and rapidly inducible defense strategies associated with the activation of a battery of genes. Among other mechanisms, changes in chromatin structure are thought to provide a flexible, global, and stable means for the regulation of gene transcription. In support of this idea, we demonstrate here that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) histone methyltransferase SET DOMAIN GROUP8 (SDG8) plays a crucial role in plant defense against fungal pathogens by regulating a subset of genes within the jasmonic acid (JA) and/or ethylene signaling pathway. We show that the loss-of-function mutant sdg8-1 displays reduced resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and Botrytis cinerea. While levels of JA, a primary phytohormone involved in plant defense, and camalexin, a major phytoalexin against fungal pathogens, remain unchanged or even above normal in sdg8-1, induction of several defense genes within the JA/ethylene signaling pathway is severely compromised in response to fungal infection or JA treatment in mutant plants. Both downstream genes and, remarkably, also upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase genes MKK3 and MKK5 are misregulated in sdg8-1. Accordingly, chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis shows that sdg8-1 impairs dynamic changes of histone H3 lysine 36 methylation at defense marker genes as well as at MKK3 and MKK5, which normally occurs upon infection with fungal pathogens or methyl JA treatment in wild-type plants. Our data indicate that SDG8-mediated histone H3 lysine 36 methylation may serve as a memory of permissive transcription for a subset of defense genes, allowing rapid establishment of transcriptional induction.
Cooperative Formats in Pretend Play Among Young Children

Knowledge construction takes place through children's activities in their sociocultural environment, which provides the tools and the means to progress. The social environment intervenes in the regulation of behavior and through exchanges, provides the child with help needed in the construction processes (see, e.g., Perret-Clermont & Nicolet, 1988; Resnick, Levine, & Teasley, 1991; Richards & Light, 1986). A general mechanism of sociocognitive acquisition underlies various interpersonal dynamics: They are based on the encounter of action and thought that generates questions or new ideas and on social validation of ideas or activities. Questions produce a state of disequilibrium in the knowledge system and engage the child in a reorganization process that makes the integration of new information and ideas possible. Reorganization can be the outcome of individual regulation or of collaboration with others, adults or peers. There is abundant evidence that peer interaction plays a role in the knowledge construction process. A rapidly expanding body of literature shows that acquisition in symmetrical exchanges takes place through different modes of co-elaboration in school-age children as well as in preschoolers (e.g., Beaudichon, Verba, & Winnykamen, 1988). Observation and imitation, co-construction by opposition of point of view or by cooperation without conflict, and guidance or scaffolding by a more competent partner can all generate cognitive progress, either in a task proposed by an adult or in spontaneous activities organized by children themselves (e.g., Cooper, Marquis, & Edward, 1986; Gilly, Fraisse, & Roux, 1988; Pontecorvo, 1987). Research on the organization of shared activities among preschoolers shows that these modes of cognitive elaboration can be activated separately or combined over the course of dyadic interaction as a function of the situation. Interpersonal exchange in goal-directed situations can take on different forms in asymmetrical and in symmetrical contexts, as a function of competence and power relationships between the partners (Verba, in press; Verba & Winnykamen, 1992).
Nitrogen-doped porous graphitic carbon as an excellent electrode material for advanced supercapacitors.

An advanced supercapacitor material based on nitrogen-doped porous graphitic carbon (NPGC) with high a surface area was synthesized by means of a simple coordination-pyrolysis combination process, in which tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), nickel nitrate, and glucose were adopted as porogent, graphitic catalyst precursor, and carbon source, respectively. In addition, melamine was selected as a nitrogen source owing to its nitrogen-enriched structure and the strong interaction between the amine groups and the glucose unit. A low-temperature treatment resulted in the formation of a NPGC precursor by combination of the catalytic precursor, hydrolyzed TEOS, and the melamine-glucose unit. Following pyrolysis and removal of the catalyst and porogent, the NPGC material showed excellent electrical conductivity owing to its high crystallinity, a large Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (SBET =1027 m(2) g(-1) ), and a high nitrogen level (7.72 wt %). The unusual microstructure of NPGC materials could provide electrochemical energy storage. The NPGC material, without the need for any conductive additives, showed excellent capacitive behavior (293 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) ), long-term cycling stability, and high coulombic efficiency (>99.9 % over 5000 cycles) in KOH when used as an electrode. Notably, in a two-electrode symmetric supercapacitor, NPGC energy densities as high as 8.1 and 47.5 Wh kg(-1) , at a high power density (10.5 kW kg(-1) ), were achieved in 6 M KOH and 1 M Et4 NBF4 -PC electrolytes, respectively. Thus, the synthesized NPGC material could be a highly promising electrode material for advanced supercapacitors and other conversion devices.
Der Körper als Botschafter

Die Behandlung von Patienten mit so− matoformen Störungen erfordert eine störungsorientierte Adaptation der psy− chodynamischen Behandlungstechnik. Diese orientiert sich an der Symptoma− tik des Patienten, seinem somatischen Krankheitsverständnis, den bewussten und unbewussten Bewertungsprozessen, aber auch an den Ich−strukturellen Be− einträchtigungen und Konflikten. Es wird ein stufenweises psychodynamisches Be− handlungsmodell vorgestellt, das ein dif− ferenziertes Vorgehen in Abhängigkeit von der Mentalisierungsfähigkeit des Patienten ermöglicht.
Slow growth , winners and losers in the EU

Since the mid-1980s, the mismanagement of Europe’s economic policy has appeared as one of the main causes of the distortion between European and American growth rates. The EMS was functioning asymmetrically and the countries with weak currencies beard the adjustment costs burden. In 1985, instead of bringing solutions to the identified blocking factors, it was decided to use market forces to re-launch Europe with the Single Market programme. According to the already prevailing liberal approach, growth and innovation were to be encouraged by both the completion of a large domestic market and the reinforcement of competition. At the end of the 1980s, financial liberalisation and the increasingly rigid EMS mechanisms made a change of the monetary regime necessary. The single currency prevailed without the obvious consequences in terms of economic policy organisation being ever envisaged. The project was shaky from the very beginning. However, the benefits of the single currency were thought to be determining and its costs largely underestimated. Furthermore, the transitory measures towards the single currency adopted in Maastricht in December 1991, added to the aftermath of the German reunification, contributed to the halt of European growth during the long 1992-1998 transition period. After the brief 1998-2000 recovery, the blocking factors were fully at play again and the economic slide reappeared. The welfare systems which were specific to each country and appeared as one of the pillars of European societies have since then been gradually questioned. The EU is all the more up against the wall as its enlargement to Eastern Europe represents an additional challenge. The European Constitution project was a tentative of answer, largely open to criticism, which explained its rejection. The “simplified” treaty of Lisbon is mainly a new version of the same text. The EU is still suffering from persistent paralysis and is locked into a slow growth process (1). However the reasons of such a persistent blocking since twenty years must be understood. European construction can be regarded in another way as a “major success with only dark sides”. High unemployment is persistent in many countries, wage share is at a historical low level and inequalities are increasing, both at individual and regional levels. There are many losers, but also winners. Some countries are catching up, others have faced the new challenge with success, financial incomes have reached summits, high income share has improved, some large European firms are doing well. This contrasted assessment can explain the European apparent paralysis which is profitable to some (2). The sustainability of this unequal and low growth regime, mainly led by finance, can be questioned. At short and medium term, apart from financial instability, this regime could remain, but long term sustainability in the world competition is more problematic (3).
Understanding the Impact of Household End Users' Privacy and Risk Perceptions on Online Behavior

This book examines practical research and case studies on such benchmark topics as biometric and security technology, protection of digital assets and information, multilevel computer self-efficacy, and end-user Web development. It offers library collections a critical mass of research into the advancement, productivity, and performance of the end user computing domain
Comparison of greedy routing protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is a research field that is attracting growing attention. Rapid topology changes and frequent link disconnection makes it difficult to design an efficient routing protocol for routing data among vehicles. Because of these characteristics, routing protocols based on greedy forwarding are known to be very suitable for VANET. This paper introduces major greedy routing protocols for VANET, and defines some issues and possible directions for VANET routing protocols.
Multivariate Profiles of Selected versus Non-Selected Elite Youth Brazilian Soccer Players

Abstract This study determined whether a multivariate profile more effectively discriminated selected than non-selected elite youth Brazilian soccer players. This examination was carried out on 66 youth soccer players (selected, n = 28, mean age 16.3 ± 0.1; non-selected, n = 38, mean age 16.7 ± 0.4) using objective instruments. Multivariate profiles were assessed through anthropometric characteristics, biological maturation, tactical-technical skills, and motor performance. The Student’s t-test identified that selected players exhibited significantly higher values for height (t = 2.331, p = 0.02), lean body mass (t = 2.441, p = 0.01), and maturity offset (t = 4.559, p < 0.001), as well as performed better in declarative tactical knowledge (t = 10.484, p < 0.001), shooting (t = 2.188, p = 0.03), dribbling (t = 5.914, p < 0.001), speed – 30 m (t = 8.304, p < 0.001), countermovement jump (t = 2.718, p = 0.008), and peak power tests (t = 2.454, p = 0.01). Forward stepwise discriminant function analysis showed that declarative tactical knowledge, running speed –30 m, maturity offset, dribbling, height, and peak power correctly classified 97% of the selected players. These findings may have implications for a highly efficient selection process with objective measures of youth players in soccer clubs.
A High Performance, Inexpensive Setup for Simultaneous Multisite Recording of Electrophysiological Signals and Wide-Field Optical Imaging in the Mouse Cortex

Simultaneous recording of optical and electrophysiological signals from multiple cortical areas may provide crucial information to expand our understanding of cortical function. However, the insertion of multiple electrodes into the brain may compromise optical imaging by both restricting the field of view, and interfering with the approaches used to stabilize the specimen. Existing methods that combine electrophysiological recording and optical imaging in vivo implement either multiple surface electrodes or a single electrode for deeper recordings. To address such limitation, we built a microelectrode array (hyperdrive) compatible with wide-field imaging that allows insertion of up to 12 probes into a large brain area (8 mm diameter). The developed hyperdrive is comprised of a circle of individual microdrives where probes are positioned at an angle leaving a large brain area unobstructed for wide-field imaging. Multiple tetrodes and voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDI) were used for simultaneous registration of spontaneous and evoked cortical activity. The electrophysiological signals were used to extract local field potential (LFP) traces, multiunit and single-unit spiking activity. To demonstrate our approach, we compared LFP and VSD signals over multiple regions of the cortex and analyzed the relationship between single-unit and global cortical population activities. The study of the interactions between cortical activity at local and global scales, such as the one presented in this work, can help to expand our knowledge of brain function.