Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Psychological processes involved during acrobatic performance: A review

Acrobatic performance has provided a particularly rich context for sport science research. Currently a high number of publications on acrobatic performance are represented in domains such as biomechanics, physiology and traumatology. However, at present, no research synthesis has yet been reached in the psychology domain. The aim of this article is to review literature on models and empirical research linked to the psychological processes involved in acrobatic performance. This review demonstrates the improvement of scientific knowledge in sport psychology on acrobatic practice. Following literature searches 66 articles were found to combine acrobatic performance and sport psychology. These articles were inductively analysed to reveal three main research themes: (a) the organization of performance, (b) the preparation of performance and (c) the subjects’ transformation by the practice of acrobatics. These articles are reviewed and further suggestions for future research advances are made.
Profiling 976 ToxCast Chemicals across 331 Enzymatic and Receptor Signaling Assays

Understanding potential health risks is a significant challenge due to the large numbers of diverse chemicals with poorly characterized exposures and mechanisms of toxicities. The present study analyzes 976 chemicals (including failed pharmaceuticals, alternative plasticizers, food additives, and pesticides) in Phases I and II of the U.S. EPA’s ToxCast project across 331 cell-free enzymatic and ligand-binding high-throughput screening (HTS) assays. Half-maximal activity concentrations (AC50) were identified for 729 chemicals in 256 assays (7,135 chemical–assay pairs). Some of the most commonly affected assays were CYPs (CYP2C9 and CYP2C19), transporters (mitochondrial TSPO, norepinephrine, and dopaminergic), and GPCRs (aminergic). Heavy metals, surfactants, and dithiocarbamate fungicides showed promiscuous but distinctly different patterns of activity, whereas many of the pharmaceutical compounds showed promiscuous activity across GPCRs. Literature analysis confirmed >50% of the activities for the most potent chemical–assay pairs (54) but also revealed 10 missed interactions. Twenty-two chemicals with known estrogenic activity were correctly identified for the majority (77%), missing only the weaker interactions. In many cases, novel findings for previously unreported chemical–target combinations clustered with known chemical–target interactions. Results from this large inventory of chemical–biological interactions can inform read-across methods as well as link potential targets to molecular initiating events in adverse outcome pathways for diverse toxicities.
Empirical analyses of BOLD fMRI statistics. I. Spatially unsmoothed data collected under null-hypothesis conditions.

Temporal autocorrelation, spatial coherency, and their effects on voxel-wise parametric statistics were examined in BOLD fMRI null-hypothesis, or "noise," datasets. Seventeen normal, young subjects were scanned using BOLD fMRI while not performing any time-locked experimental behavior. Temporal autocorrelation in these datasets was described well by a 1/frequency relationship. Voxel-wise statistical analysis of these noise datasets which assumed independence (i.e., ignored temporal autocorrelation) rejected the null hypothesis at a higher rate than specified by the nominal alpha. Temporal smoothing in conjunction with the use of a modified general linear model (Worsley and Friston, 1995, NeuroImage 2: 173-182) brought the false-positive rate closer to the nominal alpha. It was also found that the noise fMRI datasets contain spatially coherent time signals. This observed spatial coherence could not be fully explained by a continuously differentiable spatial autocovariance function and was much greater for lower temporal frequencies. Its presence made voxel-wise test statistics in a given noise dataset dependent, and thus shifted their distributions to the right or left of 0. Inclusion of a "global signal" covariate in the general linear model reduced this dependence and consequently stabilized (i.e., reduced the variance of) dataset false-positive rates.
On-chip antennas using standard CMOS technology: A brief overview

This paper depicts the present status of on on-chip antennas in standard CMOS technology. Antenna is the key component of RF front-end circuit. At higher frequencies, size of the antenna is reduced to few millimeters that makes integration of the antenna feasible with other electronic components on the same substrate (silicon). The on-chip antenna needs to meet various requirements such as compact size, good operating bandwidth and good radiation efficiency. This paper focuses on the challenges for on-chip antenna design. The main purpose of the paper is to give an overview of the current research works carried out in the recent past. This will help the readers to implement a true ‘system-on-chip’ (SoC) for general purpose communication, RF sensor application etc.
Making A* Run Faster than D*-Lite for Path-Planning in Partially Known Terrain

Focused D* and D*-Lite are two popular incremental heuristic search algorithm amenable to goal-directed navigation in partially known terrain. Recently it has been shown that, unlike commonly believed, a version of A* is in many cases faster than D*-Lite, posing the question of whether or not there exist other variants of A* which could outperform algorithms in the D* family on most problems. In this paper we present Multipath Adaptive A* (MPAA*), a simple, easy-to-implement modification of Adaptive A* (AA*) that reuses paths found in previous searches to speed up subsequent searches, and that almost always outperforms D*Lite. We evaluate MPAA* against D*-Lite on random maps and standard game, room, and maze maps, assuming partially known terrain. In environments comparable to indoor and outdoor navigation (room and game maps) MPAA* is 35% faster than D*Lite on average, while on random maps MPAA* is over 3 times faster than D*Lite. D*Lite is faster than MPAA* only in mazes; notwithstanding, we show that if a small percentage of obstacle cells in a maze are made traversable, MPAA* outperforms D*Lite. In addition, we prove MPAA* is optimal and that it finds a solution if one exists. We conclude that for most real-life goal-directed navigation applications MPAA* should be preferred to D*Lite.
Tissue Sources for Accurate Measurement of Germline DNA Genotypes in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Radical Prostatectomy

Benign tissue from a tumor‐containing organ is commonly the only available source for obtaining a patient's unmutated genome for use in cancer research. While it is critical to identify histologically normal tissue that is independent of the tumor lineage, few additional considerations are applied to the choice of this material for such measurements.
ARF suppresses hepatic vascular neoplasia in a carcinogen‐exposed murine model

Hepatic haemangiosarcoma is a deadly malignancy whose aetiology remains poorly understood. Inactivation of the CDKN2A locus, which houses the ARF and p16INK4a tumour suppressor genes, is a common event in haemangiosarcoma patients, but the precise role of ARF in vascular tumourigenesis is unknown. To determine the extent to which ARF suppresses vascular neoplasia, we examined the incidence of hepatic vascular lesions in Arf‐deficient mice exposed to the carcinogen urethane [intraperitoneal (i.p.), 1 mg/g]. Loss of Arf resulted in elevated morbidity and increased the incidence of both haemangiomas and incipient haemangiosarcomas. Suppression of vascular lesion development by ARF was heavily dependent on both Arf gene‐dosage and the genetic strain of the mouse. Trp53‐deficient mice also developed hepatic vascular lesions after exposure to urethane, suggesting that ARF signals through a p53‐dependent pathway to inhibit the development of hepatic haemangiosarcoma. Our findings provide strong evidence that inactivation of Arf is a causative event in vascular neoplasia and suggest that the ARF pathway may be a novel molecular target for therapeutic intervention in haemangiosarcoma patients. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accelerating Pathways to College

Objective: The proportion of high school students taking college courses (e.g., dual credit) is increasing and state and local policies are expanding, yet little is known about the effect of dual credit policies on key educational outcomes, including the effects for low-income students and students of color. The purpose of this study was to examine how dual credit policies differentially influence college access and completion. Method: This study used propensity score matching to examine the impact of community college dual credit policy in Illinois using a large sample of students (n = 41,727) who completed high school in spring 2003. Drawing from Perna and Thomas’ Conceptual Model of Student Success and Rawls’ notion of justice as fairness, the study examined effect heterogeneity to determine differential effects for low-income students and students of color on two educational outcomes: college enrollment and college completion. Results: The analyses showed that dual credit policies positively affect all students, but smaller effect sizes were detected for low-income students and students of color compared with average estimates suggesting that existing dual credit policies are inequitable. Contributions: Policy implications and recommendations include assessing state policies and integrating non-cognitive and psychosocial supports into dual credit programs to support underserved students.
Notch signaling induces EMT in OSCC cell lines in a hypoxic environment

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an early step in the acquisition of invasiveness by malignant tumors. It has been clarified that the tumor microenvironment affects malignancy in a number of different carcinomas, in particular, that a hypoxic environment induces EMT. Activation of Notch signaling induces EMT, but it remains unclear how the Notch pathway is involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) under hypoxia. Three OSCC cell lines were cultured for examination under hypoxic (1% O2) and normoxic (21% O2) conditions. Expression of E-cadherin was investigated as a hallmark of EMT by immunohistochemical examination. Cell motility and invasion were examined by wound-healing and invasion assays, respectively. The expression of Notch pathway molecules was analyzed by qPCR. Hypoxia increased the mRNA expression of Notch receptors, ligands and target genes, and Snail. Hypoxia decreased the expression of E-cadherin, and increased the motility and invasiveness of OSCC cell lines. γ-secretase inhibitor, a Notch-specific inhibitor, prevented these effects caused by h-ypoxia. These findings suggest that hypoxia induces EMT in OSCC cell lines via activation of Notch signaling, and inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway to suppress EMT may be a useful approach for the treatment of OSCC.
Novel Structures for a 2-Bit per Cell of Nonvolatile Memory Using an Asymmetric Double Gate

A 2-bit operational metal/silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (MONOS/SONOS) nonvolatile memory using an asymmetric double-gate (ASDG) MOSFET was studied to double flash memory density. The 2-bit programming and erasing was performed by Fowler-Nordheim (FN) tunneling in a NAND array architecture using individually controlled gates. A threshold voltage shift of programmed states for the 2-bit operation was investigated with the aid of a SILVACO® simulator in both sides of the gate by changing gate workfunctions and tunneling oxide thicknesses. In this paper, the scalability of the device down to 30 nm was demonstrated by numerical simulation. Additionally, guidelines of the 2-bit ASDG nonvolatile memory (NVM) structure and operational conditions were proposed for "program," "read," and "erase".
Problematic assumptions have slowed down depression research: why symptoms, not syndromes are the way forward

Major depression (MD) is a highly heterogeneous diagnostic category. Diverse symptoms such as sad mood, anhedonia, and fatigue are routinely added to an unweighted sum-score, and cutoffs are used to distinguish between depressed participants and healthy controls. Researchers then investigate outcome variables like MD risk factors, biomarkers, and treatment response in such samples. These practices presuppose that (1) depression is a discrete condition, and that (2) symptoms are interchangeable indicators of this latent disorder. Here I review these two assumptions, elucidate their historical roots, show how deeply engrained they are in psychological and psychiatric research, and document that they contrast with evidence. Depression is not a consistent syndrome with clearly demarcated boundaries, and depression symptoms are not interchangeable indicators of an underlying disorder. Current research practices lump individuals with very different problems into one category, which has contributed to the remarkably slow progress in key research domains such as the development of efficacious antidepressants or the identification of biomarkers for depression. The recently proposed network framework offers an alternative to the problematic assumptions. MD is not understood as a distinct condition, but as heterogeneous symptom cluster that substantially overlaps with other syndromes such as anxiety disorders. MD is not framed as an underlying disease with a number of equivalent indicators, but as a network of symptoms that have direct causal influence on each other: insomnia can cause fatigue which then triggers concentration and psychomotor problems. This approach offers new opportunities for constructing an empirically based classification system and has broad implications for future research.
Secure Key Generation for Static Visual Watermarking by Machine Learning in Intelligent Systems and Services

The Service-Oriented Architecture SOA demands supportive technologies and new requirements for mobile collaboration across multiple platforms. One of its representative solutions is intelligent information security of enterprise resources for collaboration systems and services. Digital watermarking became a key technology for protecting copyrights. In this article, the authors propose a method of key generation scheme for static visual digital watermarking by using machine learning technology, neural network as its exemplary approach for machine learning method. The proposed method is to provide intelligent mobile collaboration with secure data transactions using machine learning approaches, herein neural network approach as an exemplary technology. First, the proposed method of key generation is to extract certain type of bit patterns in the forms of visual features out of visual objects or data as training data set for machine learning of digital watermark. Second, the proposed method of watermark extraction is processed by presenting visual features of the target visual image into extraction key or herein is a classifier generated in advance by the training approach of machine learning technology. Third, the training approach is to generate the extraction key, which is conditioned to generate watermark signal patterns, only if proper visual features are presented to the classifier. In the proposed method, this classifier which is generated by the machine learning process is used as watermark extraction key. The proposed method is to contribute to secure visual information hiding without losing any detailed data of visual objects or any additional resources of hiding visual objects as molds to embed hidden visual objects. In the experiments, they have shown that our proposed method is robust to high pass filtering and JPEG compression. The proposed method is limited in its applications on the positions of the feature sub-blocks, especially on geometric attacks like shrinking or rotation of the image.
Intake of fried meat and risk of cancer: A follow‐up study in finland

It has been suggested that mutagens in fried meat may be involved in the cancer process. Therefore the relationships between intake of fried meat and subsequent risk of cancers at different sites were studied among 9,990 Finnish men and women, 15–99 years of age and initially free of cancer. The baseline study was carried out in 1966–1972, and cases of cancer were identified through data linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry. During a 24‐year follow‐up, 853 cancer cases were diagnosed. The intake of fried meat was estimated from a dietary history interview covering the total diet of the participants during the previous year. There was a positive association between fried meat intake and the risk of female‐hormone‐related cancers, i.e., cancer of the breast, endometrium and ovary combined. The relative risk of these cancers combined between persons in the highest and lowest tertiles of daily intake of fried meat adjusted for age, personal characteristics and intake of other main food groups was 1.77 (95% confidence interval = 1.11–2.84). Pancreatic and nervous system cancers also presented non‐significant suggestive associations. No associations were observed with respect to other single cancer sites studied or to all sites of cancer combined. Further epidemiological efforts are needed to ascertain the potential link between fried‐food mutagens and cancer risk.
Institutional Logics

The phrase, ‘institutional logic’ has become somewhat of a buzz-word. Buzz words are over used; as a result their meanings often get distorted and overextended and they burn-out of existence. Mizruchi and Fein (1999) showed in the institutional theory literature how meanings get distorted and then taken for granted. To avoid misunderstandings of the institutional logic concept and to build on research in this genre, now is the time to reflect on definitions and the theoretical and methodological contributions this perspective brings to the analysis of institutions. We begin by defining the concept of an institutional logic and how it emerged as part of the development of institutional theory since the 1970s. Second, we illustrate the institutional logics approach as both a metatheory and a method of analysis. Third, we present a select review of the literature emphasizing how the institutional logics approach makes headway in addressing several limitations and tensions identified by scholars of institutional analysis. In this review we focus on an analysis of the implicit and explicit social mechanisms employed in these studies, not on the description or strength of their empirical findings. Last, we critique the literature on institutional logics and suggest how the approach can be used to further advance the study of organizations and institutions. The research on institutional logics represents an impressive variety of empirical contexts, from thrifts (Haveman and Rao, 1997), higher education publishing (Thornton and Ocasio, 1999), health care organizations (Scott et al., 2000), colleges and universities (Gumport, 2000), consumer research (Moorman, 2002), mutual funds (Lounsbury, 2002), French cuisine (Rao, Monin, and Durand, 2003), equity markets (Zajac and Westphal, 2004), accounting firms (Thornton, Jones, and Kury, 2005), occupational prestige rankings (Zhou, 2005), and architects (Jones and Livne-Tarandach (Forthcoming), among others. Given the incredible diversity of research topics, what are institutional logics?
Theophylline and the respiratory muscles: where are we?

Improving respiratory muscle function would be beneficial in a variety of situations relevant to clinical respiratory medicine including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [13], respiratory failure [4, 5), and weaning patients from artificial ventilation [6, 7]. In recent years, several drugs have been claimed to beneficially alter the function of the respiratory muscles, among which theophylline and other methylxanthines have received considerable attention [8-12]. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms of their effects [10-12), their relevance to clinical medicine [13-18), and the dosage at which these effects would be obtained, all remain a matter of controversy [19, 20). Several recent studies have re-examined the effect of theophylline on respiratory muscles in vitro and they throw new light on the mechanisms involved. The evidence supporting the claim for improved respiratory muscle "contractility" was recently reviewed in this journal [19]. It consists of data obtained in vitro [19, 21, 22), in whole animals [2326], in normal subjects [9, 27) and in patients [3, 28]. Although some of these observations have been disputed by other investigators [19], they essentially show that theophylline amplifies force production at low stimulation frequencies in both fresh and fatigued diaphragm. In three observations [3, 9, 29], it was implied that maximal tetanic force also increased with theophylline, but since the latter is likely to be determined by the intrinsic strength of contractile material during maximal actinmyosin cross-bridge interaction [30], this cannot be interpreted as an effect on the muscle itself. In contrast, other studies failed to demonstrate a theophyllineinduced increase in force production at in vivo attainable serum levels on the diaphragm [20, 31, 32] or on other skeletal muscles [3335). The issue of the magnitude of the effect, its reproducibility and the question of whether or not it is achieved at in vivo attainable serum levels was more than adequately addressed in the aforementioned review [19]. The present paper will focus on what basic alterations in the contractile machinery of the muscle may be responsible for this "improved contractility". In the aforementioned studies, the term "improved contractility" apparently meant increased twitch tension or increased unfused tetanic force in response to low
A Response to Weisel-Barth and Bodnar

I consider first the value of reinstating narrative at the center of the psychoanalytic process. I go on to examine how the analytic field encompasses multiple self-states and multiple cultures in a drive toward unity. I want to begin by expressing my appreciation of the thoughtful commentaries by Joye Weisel-Barth and Susan Bodnar, which offer not so much a criticism of the ideas expressed in this paper as an expansion and gentle questioning of them. I want to thank Weisel-Barth in particular for pointing out that my article was an attempt to pick up a vanishing strain in psychoanalysis. Freud (1913) enjoined his patients to say whatever came to mind, and in turn he would try to listen with even hovering attention in order to sift out the unconscious derivations without prejudice. When intense feelings for the analyst got in the way of what was meant to be a scientific and neutral process, Freud trained his “instrument” on the relationship, and analyzing transference became integral to the method. But the purpose of the enterprise was always to cure through reconstruction, to enable patients to remember rather than to relive. From its inception, the process of psychoanalysis involved piecing together a hitherto unarticulated account of the patient’s experiences—in short, a narrative. We may no longer believe that we can precisely replicate the past in words, we may no longer trust the objectivity and authority of the analyst, and certainly the drive-conflict genre has lost much of its persuasive power, but when we forget that we are helping people tell their stories, we lose a shared sense of purpose. Few of us come to therapy to have a relationship, although we usually end up in one.