Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Neurophysics of Human Behavior: Explorations at the Interface of Brain, Mind, Behavior, and Information

Introduction THE STANDARD THEORY: PATTERN-ENTROPY DYNAMICS OF MATTER AND ENERGY INTERACTION The Five Missing Pieces: Advances Toward a Unified Science of Neuro-Cognitive Intervention The Ubiquity of Pattern in Man and Nature: Exploring the Fundamental Properties of Brain, Mind, Behavior, Information and Change Hidden Order and the Origins of Pattern: Thermodynamics, Pattern, and the Human Brain Memetics: The Behavior of Information Patterns The Life of the Mind: Infogenesis and Information Translation in the Language of Pattern NEUROPRINT AND THE STANDARD THEORY OF PATTERN-ENTROPY DYNAMICS NeuroPrint -- Purpose and Preliminaries Developing a NeuroPrint of Cognitive Neurodynamics NeuroPrint Analysis: Understanding Cognitive-Neurodynamics Intervention and Change Appendix I, Understanding Cognitive-Neurodynamic States, Experiences, and Cognitive Phenomena Appendix 2, Submodal Behaviors (Submodalities) Appendix 3, Classification and Organization of Intervention Tools and Methods: NLP, Eye Movement Methods, and Energy Psychology Appendix 4, NeuroPrint Templates for Data Collection and Organization TOOLS FOR INTERVENTION: MODELING, INFLUENCING, AND CHANGING COGNITIVE-NEURODYNAMICS I. Preliminary Considerations for Modeling Human Expertise The Science and Practice of Human Performance Modeling and Engineering 2. Performance Modeling and Tools of Intervention Neuro-Cognitive Modeling: The Art and Science of Capturing the Invisible Foundations of Neuro-Cognitive Modeling: Eye Movement, A Window to the Brain 3. Information Processing, Representation, Organization, and Destabilization in the Human Brain Neocortical Dynamics of Persuasion and Influence Submodalities, Cognitive-Neurodynamics, and Change Neocortical Dynamics of Metaphor The Neurophysics of Hypnosis 4. Performance Engineering: Tools and Principles of Neurocognitive Pattern Modification Life, Death, and Anchoring Neurophysics and the Principles of Anchoring Neurophysics, Self-Organization, and Anchoring Epilogue 5. Glossary of Neurophysics, Nonlinear Science, and Dynamical Systems Terminology Glossary Suggested Readings and Resource Guide Index
A boy with autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia

We describe a 9 year old Iranian boy with tuberous xanthomas, elevated LDL-cholesterol levels of 15.5 mmol /L , and vague complaints of chest pain while playing soccer. The consanguineous parents of the boy had normal cholesterol concentrations, which indicated an autosomal recessive disorder rather than autosomal dominant familial hypercholesterolemia. The diagnosis of autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) was confirmed by the presence of a mutation in the phosphotyrosine binding domain of a putative adaptor protein, which prevents normal internalisation of the L D L receptor (LDLR) in the liver. The clinical phenotype of A R H is similar to that of classical homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia caused by defects in the LDLR gene, but it is more variable, generally less severe, and more responsive to lipid lowering therapy. The patient's complaints of chest pain were not caused by ischemia as was tested by an exercise and 24-hours electrocardiogram and by a myocardial perfusion scan. His LDL C reduced by about 60% after being treated with a combination of 40 mg atorvastatin and 10 mg ezetimibe.
Visual Salience and Reference Resolution in Situated Dialogues: A Corpus-based Evaluation

Dialogues between humans and robots are necessarily situated. Exophoric references to objects in the shared visual context are very frequent in situated dialogues, for example when a human is verbally guiding a tele-operated mobile robot. We present an approach to automatically resolving exophoric referring expressions in a situated dialogue based on the visual salience of possible referents. We evaluate the effectiveness of this approach and a range of different salience metrics using data from the SCARE corpus which we have augmented with visual information. The results of our evaluation show that our computationally lightweight approach is successful, and so promising for use in human-robot dialogue systems.
Robust damping control of mobile manipulators

A novel robust control technique, robust damping control (RDC), is introduced. An RDC controller is further developed for the motion control of a mobile manipulator subject to kinematic constraints. The knowledge of dynamic parameters of the mobile manipulator is assumed to be completely unknown. The proposed RDC controller is capable of disturbance-rejection in the presence of unknown bounded disturbance, without requiring the knowledge of its bound. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed. The controller has a simple structure and can be easily implemented in applications. Experimental tests on a 2-DOF robotic manipulator illustrate that the proposed control is significantly better than conventional robust control.
Histology, age and sex distribution, and pathologic correlations of Hodgkin's disease. A study of 184 cases observed in rome, italy

The Rye classification has been applied to 184 cases of Hodgkin's disease diagnosed in one of the largest hospitals of Rome, Italy, over a period of three years. Mixed cellularity was the most common histologic type. Nodular sclerosis had an intermediate frequency, while lymphocyte predominance and lymphocyte depletion showed the lowest incidence. There was a male predominance in almost all age groups, reflecting a total male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The most frequent sites of primary involvement were cervical, supraclavicular, and axillary nodes, while mediastinal nodes were found primarily involved in a limited number of cases. Incidence, results, and anatomic distribution of lesions were evaluated in 120 untreated patients who underwent staging procedures. A correlation was found between increasing histologic malignancy and abdominal spread of the disease. The most common form of abdominal disease was the simultaneous involvement of two or more tissues, and the association most frequently observed was that of lymph nodes and the spleen. Separate infiltration of the liver was rare, while involvement of bone marrow only was never observed.
Finite-Time Synchronization of Coupled Networks With Markovian Topology and Impulsive Effects

This note considers globally finite-time synchronization of coupled networks with Markovian topology and distributed impulsive effects. The impulses can be synchronizing or desynchronizing with certain average impulsive interval. By using M-matrix technique and designing new Lyapunov functions and controllers, sufficient conditions are derived to ensure the synchronization within a setting time, and the conditions do not contain any uncertain parameter. It is demonstrated theoretically and numerically that the number of consecutive impulses with minimum impulsive interval of the desynchronizing impulsive sequence should not be too large. It is interesting to discover that the setting time is related to initial values of both the network and the Markov chain. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.
Assessing Career Search Expectations: Development and Validation of the Career Search Efficacy Scale

An instrument was developed to assess the career search efficacy of individuals who are interested in finding careers or jobs, changing careers or jobs, or reentering the job market. Principal components analysis of the 35-item Career Search Efficacy Scale (CSES; Solberg, Good, & Nord, 1991) yielded four factors: (a) Job Exploration, (b) Interviewing, (c) Networking, and (d) Personal Exploration Efficacy. Internal consistency for the subscales ranged from . 87 to . 95 indicating very good internal consistency. Convergent and discriminant validity of the CSES was also assessed. A principle component analysis indicated that the CSES converged with indices of career self-efficacy and discriminated from personality measures (e.g., assertiveness, interpersonal skills, and instrumentality). Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Observation des pratiques d'ingénierie en Asie du Sud

L’article compare les pratiques d’ingenierie dans le premier monde aux difficultes rencontrees par les ingenieurs dans le tiers monde, dans les rues des megapoles asiatiques. Il postule que l’ingenierie peut etre consideree comme un levier qui amplifie l’effet des investissements economiques. L’ingenierie etant concue comme l’application de principes scientifiques et mathematiques, l’hypothese implicite est qu’un investissement donne en ingenierie devrait produire les memes avantages partout ou elle est mise en œuvre. Observant les pratiques d’ingenierie en Asie du Sud et en Australie, l’auteur montre que cette hypothese est discutable. L’heterogeneite sociale des pratiques d’ingenierie et l’economie politique (l’enchevetrement des reseaux de l’ingenierie avec les structures sociales et politiques), dont fait partie l’ingenierie, influencent les performances des investissements en ingenierie, provoquant de grandes differences en termes de service rendu. L’article passe brievement en revue l’observation des pratiques d’ingenierie en comparant trois types de situation : les services publics d’approvisionnement en eau, la construction metallique et les telecommunications. Les performances dans les deux premiers secteurs semblent moindres en Asie du Sud qu’en Australie. Cependant, le succes inattendu de l’ingenierie en telecommunications donne une lueur d’espoir et souleve des questions concernant les differences de pratiques d’ingenierie d’une situation a l’autre. L’article affirme que nous devrions mieux comprendre les pratiques d’ingenierie et l’influence des facteurs sociaux, economiques et politiques, rarement mentionnes que ce soit dans la formation ou dans les discours manageriaux. Il conclut que les enjeux lies aux pratiques d’ingenierie fournissent une partie au moins de l’explication de la pauvrete qui perdure. [1]
Palaeoclimates: the first two billion years

Earth's climate during the Archaean remains highly uncertain, as the relevant geologic evidence is sparse and occasionally contradictory. Oxygen isotopes in cherts suggest that between 3.5 and 3.2 Gyr ago (Ga) the Archaean climate was hot (55–85 °C); however, the fact that these cherts have experienced only a modest amount of weathering suggests that the climate was temperate, as today. The presence of diamictites in the Pongola Supergroup and the Witwatersrand Basin of South Africa suggests that by 2.9 Ga the climate was glacial. The Late Archaean was relatively warm; then glaciation (possibly of global extent) reappeared in the Early Palaeoproterozoic, around 2.3–2.4 Ga. Fitting these climatic constraints with a model requires high concentrations of atmospheric CO2 or CH4, or both. Solar luminosity was 20–25% lower than today, so elevated greenhouse gas concentrations were needed just to keep the mean surface temperature above freezing. A rise in O2 at approximately 2.4 Ga, and a concomitant decrease in CH4, provides a natural explanation for the Palaeoproterozoic glaciations. The Mid-Archaean glaciations may have been caused by a drawdown in H2 and CH4 caused by the origin of bacterial sulphate reduction. More work is needed to test this latter hypothesis.
Assessing attachment in school-age children

The School-age Assessment of Attachment (SAA) is a newly developed clinical tool to identify pattern of attachment using the Dynamic-Maturational Model of attachment and adaptation (DMM). Seven picture cards were used to elicit fantasy stories and recalled episodes. The transcribed discourse was analyzed to yield one of 13 DMM attachment classifications, together with possible unresolved traumas and losses, and modifiers (depression and intrusions). In this article, we outline the steps necessary to validate an assessment tool, describe the development of the SAA, and report data from a preliminary clinical study testing the SAA’s reliability, validity, and utility. Concurrent construct, familial, and discriminant validity were evaluated in terms of mental health status and exposure to danger on a sample of 5—12-year-old children, drawn from clinical ( n = 51) and normative (n = 40) populations. The SAA (a) differentiated children referred for psychiatric diagnosis from those in the normative population; (b) accounted for 31% of the variance (46% when family variables were added); (c) identified risk children in the normative sample; and (d) suggested risk factors associated with children’s psychiatric disorder.
Full information estimator for output regulation based on internal model principle

Full information (FI) control for output regulation based on the internal model principle requires that the state vectors of the plant and reference models be available for both feed-forward and feedback controllers. However in practice neither of the state vectors is available, and often only the tracking error between the plant output and reference trajectory can be measured. This gives rise to the estimation problem for the FI control law based on the tracking error, and to the control problem for using the estimated FI control law to achieve both the zero tracking error and internal stability of the feedback system. We derive the necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such an estimator and controller, and provide a synthesis procedure for the required feedback controller.
Friendly Habitat, Endangered Species

This article presents a case study examining the demise of a high school Mandarin language program in a school district that appeared to offer an exceptionally friendly habitat for its survival. Though members of the school board majority who voted against funding the program offered rational explanations for their decision (e.g., insufficient fiscal and human resources), other case evidence revealed the influence of emerging political polarization. Using policy ecology theory and event ecology analytic lenses, evidence indicated the fundamental cause of program failure to be political climate change within the district ecosystem resulting from years of community conflict over a high school renovation proposal. The climate shift led to the election of a factionalized school board, whose first budgetary action was to cancel funding for the Mandarin program, despite its popularity and established position within district strategic planning. We argue that much present and prior theory on organizational action lacks the dynamic perspective necessary to account for the type of climate and policy changes described in the present case. Our study thus highlights the usefulness of ecological theory in understanding the threats posed to small yet valued policy species by emerging, politically toned policy streams, school board factionalism, and ideological voting patterns. We argue that this phenomenon poses particular risks for local public school governance during times of resource uncertainty.
Urban Teachers’ Professed Classroom Management Strategies

Thirteen urban educators teaching from 1st through 12th grade selected from 7 cities across the United States were interviewed in this qualitative research study to determine if the classroom management strategies they use reflect the research on culturally responsive teaching. Participants revealed using several management strategies that reflect culturally responsive teaching: development of personal relationships with students, creation of caring communities, establishment of business-like learning environments, use of culturally and ethnically congruent communication processes, demonstrations of assertiveness, and utilization of clearly stated and enforced expectations. Questions arise concerning the ability of teacher education programs to effectively prepare preservice teachers for successful classroom management in urban schools.
HIV-1 envelope attracts dendritic cells to cross the human intestinal epithelium and sample luminal virions via engagement of the CCR 5

2013 The Authors. Published by John Wiley and Sons, the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (C in any medium, provided the original work is properly cite The gastrointestinal tract is a principal route of entry and site of persistence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The intestinal mucosa, being rich of cells that are the main target of the virus, represents a primary site of viral replication and CD4þ T-cell depletion. Here, we show both in vitro and ex vivo that HIV-1 of R5 but not X4 phenotype is capable of selectively triggering dendritic cells (DCs) to migrate within 30 min between intestinal epithelial cells to sample virions and transfer infection to target cells. The engagement of the chemokine receptor 5 on DCs and the viral envelope, regardless of the genetic subtype, drive DC migration. Viruses penetrating through transient opening of the tight junctions likely create a paracellular gradient to attract DCs. The formation of junctions with epithelial cells may initiate a haptotactic process of DCs and at the same time favour cell-to-cell viral transmission. Our findings indicate that HIV-1 translocation across the intestinal mucosa occurs through the selective engagement of DCs by R5 viruses, and may guide the design of new prevention strategies.
A Nonspecific Disturbance of the Gonadostat in Women with Transsexualism and Isolated Hypergonadotropism in the Male-to-Female Disturbance of Gender Identity

Principal parameters of gonadostat function were determined in 15 female-to-male (F-M) and 7 male-to-female (M-F) transsexual patients (T), all homosexuals. The data were compared with normal heterosexual controls of the respective sex. Anamnesis revealed prolongation of the menstrual cycles in F-M patients, mainly in those taking previously medication with depot-testosterone. However, also in patients with no previous medication the basal body temperature chart revealed anovulatory cycles (all 4 examined patients). In 8 of 9 patients (82.2%) with no previous medication an elevation of serum testosterone was found (63-600 ng/dl). No disturbances in gonadal functions were found in M-F group (semen analysis), serum testosterone was normal (328-710 ng/dl) except 1 case with reduced testosterone level (200 ng/ml). Both women and men with transsexualism revealed significantly higher mean basal serum concentration of LH in comparisons to controls (F-M: 23.14 +/- 16.16 vs 7.56 +/- 4.23; M-F 15.30 +/- 6.49 vs 5.75 +/- 3.66). No changes in basal serum FSH concentration were present. GnRH test (100 micrograms i.v.) revealed decreased evocability of LH in woman with T and exaggerated LH response in men with T. FSH hyperresponse to GnRH was nonsignificant in F-M and significant in M-F T. It is concluded that F-M transsexualism is associated with nonspecific disturbances of gonadostat since hypergonadotropism coexists with the signs of impaired gonadal function. In M-F T and isolated hypergonadotropism coexisted with specific, increased sensitivity of the pituitary to GnRH.
An international comparative analysis of marriage patterns and social stratification

An international comparative analysis of marriage patterns and social stratification measures based on the occupations of married and cohabiting partners, considering how close or far they are from each other socially as indicated by relative rates of inter‐marriage. Presents preliminary findings from six countries: Australia, UK, Germany, Hungary, Ireland and the USA. Outlines some of the problems involved in creating such measures and their potential solution. Looks at national differences in the strength of the relationship between marriage patterns and social stratification, as well as in the location of particular occupational groups.
A Compact Transactional Memory Multiprocessor System on FPGA

In this paper we present a rapid prototyping platform on a single Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with support for software transactional memory. The system is composed only by off-the-shelf cores and is useful for porting and early validation of programs to the transactional memory programming model. We discuss the implementation of the software layer of this platform, propose an analysis of the system and compare it to a hardware lock based multiprocessor architecture, showing the trade-offs in terms of performance and programming complexity.
Cortical Reorganization after Damage to the Central Nervous System

Findings regarding cortical reorganization have raised hope for the development of new rehabilitation therapies in brain damaged patients. Powerful therapeutic concepts have been developed. However, as the understanding of cortical reorganization has evolved, limits of cortical reorganization have become also more evident. In humans, the knowledge about cortical reorganization relies mainly on functional imaging methods that infer changes in activation patterns of the brain. Based on studies that have been performed by the authors, it is discussed whether altered activity patterns in brain damaged patients are indeed related to cortical reorganization and to the recovery of brain functions.
Theory of mind in schizophrenia: A critical review

Introduction. Frith's (1992) neuropsychological theory of schizophrenia posits a number of fundamental cognitive impairments underpinning the characteristic symptoms of this disorder. One of these is an impairment in the ability to correctly interpret and predict the mental states of other people, so-called theory of mind (ToM). There is already a substantial body of evidence that ToM is impaired in people with schizophrenia. Our aim was to critically review this literature. Method. A narrative review of the research literature was completed. Electronic searches of both Medline and PsycInfo were conducted to locate relevant articles. The bibliographies of relevant articles were scrutinised and in some cases researchers were contacted directly. Results. A total of 30 studies that all examined some aspect of ToM in people with schizophrenia were located. These were summarised and key issues on this topic were identified. Conclusions. There is considerable evidence that ToM is impaired in people with schizophrenia. However, this is perhaps the only unequivocal finding on the topic to date. Issues that demand further clarification include: Is the deficit a state or a trait? How to measure ToM in schizophrenia research, and whether certain symptoms or groups of symptoms are associated with the ToM deficit. These issues are considered and the evidence evaluated. Some priorities for future research are suggested.
A Mesh-of-Trees Interconnection Network for Single-Chip Parallel Processing

There is a recent surge of interest in single-chip parallel processors. In such machines, it is crucial to implement a high-throughput low-latency interconnection network to connect the on-chip components, especially the processing units and the memory units. In this paper, we propose a new mesh of trees (MoT) implementation of the interconnection network and evaluate it relative to metrics such as wire area, total switch delay and maximum throughput taking into account latencythroughput trade-offs. We show that on-chip interconnection networks can provide higher bandwidth between processors and shared first-level cache than previously considered possible, facilitating greater scalability of memory architectures that require that. MoT is also compared, both analytically and experimentally, to some other traditional network topologies, such as hypercube, butterfly, fat trees and butterfly fat trees. When we evaluate a 64-terminal MoT network at 65nm technology, concrete results show that MoT provides higher throughput and lower latency especially when the input traffic (or the on-chip parallelism) is high, at the cost of larger area. A recurring problem in networking and communication is that of achieving good sustained throughput in contrast to just high theoretical peak performance that does not materialize for typical work loads. Our quantitative results demonstrate a clear advantage of the proposed MoT network in the context of single-chip parallel processing.