Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Robust Detection of Anomaly Types in Energy Consumption Data

Improving the energy consumption in buildings is an ongoing problem. One of the ways to improve the energy consumption in buildings is by detecting the moment when faults occur in the data. The moment when faults occur can be detected with anomaly detection techniques and it is the first step in diagnosing the problem. There exist several anomaly detection techniques and there are several techniques applied to energy consumption data. However, none of them makes a clear distinction between general anomaly types that can occur in the data and they are mostly focused on point anomalies. This paper introduces different anomaly types based on the anomalies that occur in energy consumption data and presents a robust method to detect them. The anomaly types occur in the context of the outside temperature and the time in hours. They are detected with a robust method that consists of finding a regression model of the data with the context and an anomaly detection rule based on the robust residuals of the regression model. The regression model for the anomalies in the context of the outside temperature used a robust linear regression model and different robust linear regression models are compared. The regression model for the anomalies in the context of the time in hours used a nonlinear model, an artificial neural network and support vector regression are compared. The results shows that the robust linear regression model MM-estimation is the most suitable model for the detection of the anomalies in the context of the temperature. The results show that either an artificial neural network or support vector regression could be used for the detection of the anomalies in the context of the time in hours. Furthermore, the results show that the general anomaly detection approach could be used for the detection of anomaly types in energy consumption data.
Microtubule integrity is necessary for the epithelial barrier function of cultured thyroid cell monolayers.

Vectorial transport in the thyroid epithelium requires an efficient barrier against passive paracellular flux, a role which is principally performed by the tight junction (zonula occludens). There is increasing evidence that tight junction integrity is determined by integral and peripheral membrane proteins which interact with the cell cytoskeleton. Although the contribution of the actin cytoskeleton to tight junction physiology has been intensively studied, less is known about possible interactions with microtubules. In the present study we used electrophysiological and immunohistochemical approaches to investigate the contribution of microtubules to the paracellular barrier in cultured thyroid cell monolayers which displayed a high transepithelial electrical resistance (6000-9000 ohm.cm2). Colchicine (1 microM) caused a progressive fall in electrical resistance to < 10% of baseline after 6 h and depolarization of the transepithelial electrical potential difference consistent with a significant increase in paracellular permeability. The effect of colchicine on TER was not affected by agents which inhibit the major apical conductances of thyroid cells but was reversed upon removal of the drug. Immunofluorescent staining for tubulin combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated that thyroid cells possessed a dense microtubule network extending throughout the cytoplasm which was destroyed by colchicine. Colchicine also produced changes in the localization of the tight junction-associated protein, ZO-1: its normally continuous junctional distribution was disrupted by striking discontinuities and the appearance of many fine strands which extended into the cytoplasm. A similar disruption in E-cadherin staining was also observed, but colchicine did not affect the distribution of vinculin associated with adherens junctions nor the integrity of the perijunctional actin ring. We conclude that microtubules are necessary for the functional and structural integrity of tight junctions in this electrically tight, transporting epithelium.
Listeria monocytogenes cell invasion: a new role for cofilin in co‐ordinating actin dynamics and membrane lipids

Actin reorganization, mediated by the actin dynamizing protein cofilin, is essential for host cell invasion by the intracellular pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. During invasion, the InlB bacterial surface ligands closely interact with host cell Met receptors to induce phagocytosis. In this issue of Molecular Microbiology, Han et al., 2011 clearly demonstrate that phospholipase D (PLD)‐dependent production of membrane phosphatidic acid is required for invasion. They further show that the phosphorylated form of cofilin, which is inactive in actin binding, is necessary for the activation of the PLD1 isoform. Although cofilin‐independent PLD2 can also mediate internalization, it is a phospho‐cofilin‐dependent balanced production of phosphatidic acid that is required for optimal Listeria internalization. Cofilin‐dependent membrane lipid remodelling has important implications for cofilin function that go well beyond its direct effects on actin.
Sheaf theory for stacks in manifolds and twisted cohomology for S 1 -gerbes

In this paper we give a sheaf theory interpretation of the twisted cohomology of manifolds. To this end we develop a sheaf theory on smooth stacks. The derived push-forward of the constant sheaf with value R along the structure map of a U.1/ gerbe over a smooth manifold X is an object of the derived category of sheaves on X . Our main result shows that it is isomorphic in this derived category to a sheaf of twisted de Rham complexes. 46M20; 14A20
Paramyxovirus fusion (F) protein and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein interactions: intracellular retention of F and HN does not affect transport of the homotypic HN or F protein.

To investigate a possible intracellular coassociation of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (SV5) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3) fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoproteins in a living cell, without resorting to chemical crosslinking and antibody coimmunoprecipitation, we tagged the cytoplasmic N-terminus of SV5 HN with a RRRRR motif and HPIV-3 HN with a RRR motif for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention. In addition, we tagged the cytoplasmic C-terminus of SV5 and HPIV-3 F with a KK motif. The RRR- or RRRRR-tagged HN molecules were coexpressed in mammalian cells together with the homologous wt F proteins, and the KK-tagged F molecules were coexpressed with the homologous wt HN proteins, and in each case the transport of the wt F or HN molecules was investigated. The data suggest that an association of F and HN of sufficient affinity to alter the transport of the reporter molecule does not occur intracellularly in the ER or the Golgi apparatus.
BLOCKING EFFECT OF LANTHANUM ON DELAYED-RECTIFIER K+ CURRENT IN DROSOPHILA NEURONS

The delayed-rectifier potassium current (IKDR) is important in regulating neuronal excitability. The authors characterized the neurotoxic effect of lanthanum on IKDR. The conventional whole-cell patch-clamp technique was applied to cultured Drosphila neurons derived from embryonic neuroblasts. IKDR was measured from neurons before and after application of 0.1 mM lanthanum to the external saline. IKDR was smaller in the lanthanum-containing saline (441 ± 57 pA) than in the control saline (680 ± 35 pA) (p < .001). Activation and inactivation of IKDR were unchanged by lanthanum. Because these results suggest that lanthanum acts as a potent blocker of IKDR, neuronal excitability may be altered during lanthanum neurotoxicity
Fuzzy Recognition of Offline Handwritten Numeric Characters

Offline handwritten character recognition involves the recognition of handwritten character patterns in digital images. This is a challenging computational problem mainly due to the vast differences associated with the handwritten patterns of different individuals. Fuzzy logic plays a major role in both offline and online handwritten character recognition, since a fuzzy system with an automatically generated rule base possesses the features of flexibility, efficiency and online adaptability. This paper presents an online adaptable fuzzy method for offline handwritten numeric character recognition
Agents in development for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, and accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy seems to occur as a result of an interaction between metabolic and haemodynamic factors, which activate common pathways that lead to renal damage. In the past, the treatment of diabetic nephro-pathy has focused on the control of hyperglycaemia. Newer targets, some of which are linked to glucose-dependent pathways, appear to be a major focus of new treatments directed against the development and progression of renal damage as a result of diabetes. It is anticipated that additional thera-peutic approaches that inhibit both metabolic and haemodynamic pathways will include strategies that target growth factors, cytokines and intracellular second messengers. Such an approach is expected to lead to improved therapies for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Auto- and Cross-Regulation of the hnRNP L Proteins by Alternative Splicing

ABSTRACT We recently characterized human hnRNP L as a global regulator of alternative splicing, binding to CA-repeat and CA-rich elements. Here we report that hnRNP L autoregulates its own expression on the level of alternative splicing. Intron 6 of the human hnRNP L gene contains a short exon that, if used, introduces a premature termination codon, resulting in nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). This “poison exon” is preceded by a highly conserved CA-rich cluster extending over 800 nucleotides that binds hnRNP L and functions as an unusually extended, intronic enhancer, promoting inclusion of the poison exon. As a result, excess hnRNP L activates NMD of its own mRNA, thereby creating a negative autoregulatory feedback loop and contributing to homeostasis of hnRNP L levels. We present experimental evidence for this mechanism, based on NMD inactivation, hnRNP L binding assays, and hnRNP L-dependent alternative splicing of heterologous constructs. In addition, we demonstrate that hnRNP L cross-regulates inclusion of an analogous poison exon in the hnRNP L-like pre-mRNA, which explains the reciprocal expression of the two closely related hnRNP L proteins.
Exploring Dimensions of Critical Reflection in Activist–Facilitator Practice

This article explores how 14 diverse, Canadian activist–facilitators working in international development experience and understand critical reflection as a component of participatory methodologies in facilitation practices. The findings, based on my doctoral study, demonstrate that although critical reflection is often discussed as integral to participatory approaches of facilitation using critical pedagogies, understandings and experiences of what that means in practice vary. For example, study participants often expressed practicing critical reflection through technical-rational approaches and seldom distinguished between critical reflection, reflexivity, and reflection. The findings illustrate three main challenges to applying critical reflection in practice: (1) time and value given to critical reflection; (2) institutional requirements; and (3) personal vulnerability. The results have implications for critical feminist pedagogies, including the development of critically reflective practices that challenge dominant ideologies and hierarchical power structures. The study demonstrates lessons for deepening pedagogical practices around critical reflection and reflexivity.
Metabolic inhibitors and subcellular distribution of GABA

Experimental procedures are described which are believed to yield results that reflect, within certain limits, the in vivo changes of the size of the GABA pool in nerve endings in comparison with those of all other GABA pools. Two irreversible GABA‐T inhibitors, vinyl GABA and acetylenic GABA, two GAD inhibitors, 3‐mercaptopropionic acid and pyridoxal phosphate glutamyl‐γ‐hydrazone, and di‐n propylacetate, a clinically useful anticonvulsant, have been studied to determine their effects on GABA compartmentalization in mouse brain cortex.
Design, fabrication and implementation of smart three axis compliant interconnects for ultra-thin chip stacking technology

This paper reports the current status of a novel MEMS based ultra-high density compliant interconnect technology that was proposed in the last Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC). This MEMS-based interconnect, which we call smart three axis compliant (STAC) interconnects are directly fabricated onto electrical contact pads or thru-silicon vias on die at the wafer-level. These interconnects are initially bound to the die by a chemically soluble release layer. The "free" end of the interconnect is bonded to a contact pad on a package substrate or other die at the wafer level or die level, and the release layer is dissolved to free the interconnect from the substrate, thereby permitting it to accommodate relative displacements. The paper will clearly show successfully fabricated STAC interconnects at 50micron pitch on a silicon die bonded onto an ultra-thin glass die
Injection of anticentromere antibodies in interphase disrupts events required for chromosome movement at mitosis

We have used autoantibodies to probe the function of three human centromere proteins in mitosis. These antibodies recognize three human polypeptides in immunoblots: CENP-A (17 kD), CENP-B (80 kD), and CENP-C (140 kD). Purified anticentromere antibodies (ACA-IgG) disrupt mitosis when introduced into tissue culture cells during interphase. We have identified two execution points for antibody inhibition. Antibodies injected into the nucleus greater than or equal to 3 h before mitosis prevent the chromosomes from undergoing normal prometaphase movements in the subsequent mitosis. Antibodies injected in the nucleus during late G2 cause cells to arrest in metaphase. Surprisingly, antibodies introduced subsequent to the beginning of prophase do not block mitosis. These results suggest that the CENP antigens are involved in two essential interphase events that are required for centromere action in mitosis. These may include centromere assembly coordinate with the replication of alpha-satellite DNA at the end of S phase and the structural maturation of the kinetochore that begins at prophase.
De l'utilité de s'éduquer : remise en question de la linéarité du rendement de l'éducation sur le salaire en France

The rate of return of education on wage is a well-known problem in economics since the 60's with the works of G. Becker and J. Mincer. The present master thesis discusses one of the main assumption of Mincer equation: the linearity of the rate of return of education. Working on the FQP 2003 dataset of the INSEE, we show that with an appropriate specification, an educational year leading to a degree has a higher rate of return than another without diploma.
Allgemeine Psychoedukation in der Akutpsychosomatik am Beispiel einer Tagesklinik

Im psychiatrischen Kontext gibt es eine lange Tradition der Psychoedukation, speziell bei schizophrenen Erkrankungen, wobei eine störungsübergreifende Psychoedukation auch im akutpsychiatrischen Behandlungskontext eher selten ist (Rabovsky u. Stoppe 2006). In der Psychosomatik werden vor allem bei Rehabilitationsbehandlungen psychoedukatorische Elemente eingesetzt (Paar et al. 2011). Bei der Beschreibung stationärer psychosomatischer Krankenhausbehandlung werden psychoedukative Gruppenverfahren zwar erwähnt (Schauenburg u. Hildenbrand 2011), es bleibt unklar, inwieweit dieses Behandlungselement genau implementiert und seine Wirkung evaluiert wurde. Eine Medline-Recherche mit den Stichpunkten „Psychoeducation“ und „Psychosomatic(s)“ ergab keine entsprechenden Publikationen zum Thema. Im Gegensatz zu dem scheinbar geringen Stellenwert des Themas „allgemeine Psychoedukation“ in der psychosomatischen Krankenhausbehandlung, sind psychoedukative Elemente Bestandteil störungsspezifischer Therapiemanuale wie bei der komplexen posttraumatischen Störung (Reddemann 2008) oder der somatoformen Schmerzstörung (Nickel et al. 2007). Der Grund für die geringe Beschäftigung mit allgemeinen edukativen Elementen mag in der Tradition psychosomatischer Stationen begründet liegen, welche anfangs vor allem psychoanalytisch konzeptualisiert waren, während heute multimodale, schulenübergreifend-integrative Konzepte vorherrschen.
Characterization and source identification of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a heavy pollution episode in Beijing, China

ambient VOC species were measured online by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionization detector (GC/MS-FID) at an urban site in Beijing during a heavy pollution episode in December 2014. VOC sources were identified by correlation analysis of particular species pairs. The interspecies correlations of benzene-acetylene, toluene-acetylene, isobutane-propane and ethane-propane were analyzed by calculating the correlation coefficients. Major sources were concluded by comparing the linear regression slopes with previous studies. Alkanes provided the largest contribution to ambient VOCs, accounting for 38.9% of total VOCs; followed by alkenes and alkynes, accounting for 28.7% and 11.8%, respectively. The most abundant VOC species include ethene, ethane, acetylene and propane, with hourly average mixing ratios of 14.85, 14.47, 9.69 and 7.27 ppbv, respectively. VOC groups including alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, and the most abundant species followed a similar pattern of average diurnal variation. VOC mixing ratios decreased after sunrise and reached a minimum value at noon (12:00-14:00), then increased in the afternoon and reached a peak value at night (22:00-23:00). This likely resulted from a descending boundary layer at night and possible night emissions. There was no pronounced diurnal variation in oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs). LPG-related sources and combustion sources were major VOC sources in this heavy pollution episode.
Adaptation for enriching services taking into account mobile contextual features

One of the current challenges in information technology is to provide instant access to relevant information, without being limited by the location of the user or the device used to retrieve it. Current technologies allow users to access an overwhelming amount of data. This is an undesirable situation, since it is very difficult for users to obtain relevant information from these data. Enriching the user experience, which means, adding criteria such as user preferences and characteristics of his/her mobile context of use (e.g., location, access device features), can solve the aforementioned problem, since the information can be better adjusted to user needs and space-time situation, reducing the volume of information received by the user and avoiding information overloading. This paper presents an approach to enrich the user experience called Agents for Enrichment Services (AES), an adaptation framework based on agents that provides users with information tailored to their specific needs, features, devices, and context, with the purpose of giving relevant information at the right moment, place, and device.
SOFTWARE DEFECT DATA - PREDICTABILITY AND EXPLORATION

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Rattikorn Hewett, my advisor, for funding my graduate research and for helping me work on my thesis. I would specially like to thank her efforts in ensuring the quality and technical accuracy of the thesis. I would also like to thank Dr. Shin for providing valuable suggestions and service as committee members. I am grateful to the staff of Texas Tech at Abilene for providing excellent facilities and encouragement.
The Value of Troponin Measurement in Assessment of Anthracycline Induced Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients

Purpose: Anthracyclines are the most frequent cause of treatment induced cardiotoxicity affecting about 7-15% of patients receiving more than 450-500 mg/m2, cumulative dose [16]. The aim of the present study is to determine the efficacy of a new biochemical marker, cardiac troponin (cTnI), in the diagnosis of acute cardiac myocyte injury by anthracycline contaning chemotherapy and to compare its value versus the standard echoparameters. Material and Methods: The study included 31 premenopausal breast cancer patients presented to NEMROCK during the period September 98 to June 99. Only 26 patients completed the full course of chemoradiotherapy protocol (6 cycles of FAC and concomitant radical RT) with serial serum monitoring of Troponin-1 performed 24 hrs after each cycle. In addition to serial serum CK-MB and echocardiogram on cycles 2,4 and 6. Results: Analysis of variance with repeated measures revealed high statistical significance between the baseline serum troponin I and subsequent measures after each cycle. Serial values of CK-MB concentrations revealed no statistical significant change from the base line measurement. Also, there was statistical significance between the baseline fractional shortening and those values after the second, fourth and sixth cycle of treatment. Multivariate analysis of various risk factors related to cardiotoxicity revealed statistically significant difference between the mean dose of irradiation delivered to the heart volume and serum troponin I after the 2nd cycle (p =0.02) and this may be explained by the combined effect of chemoradiation. Also, there was a high statistically significant relationship between the adriamycin dose and the serum troponin I level after the 5th cycle of chemotherapy due to the cumulative effect of anthracyclines (p =0.0004).
The non‐haematopoietic biological effects of erythropoietin

In the haematopoietic system, the principal function of erythropoietin (Epo) is the regulation of red blood cell production, mediated by its specific cell surface receptor (EpoR). Following the cloning of the Epo gene (EPO) and characterization of the selective haematopoietic action of Epo in erythroid lineage cells, recombinant Epo forms (epoetin‐alfa, epoetin‐beta and the long‐acting analogue darbepoetin‐alfa) have been widely used for treatment of anaemia in chronic kidney disease and chemotherapy‐induced anaemia in cancer patients. Ubiquitous EpoR expression in non‐erythroid cells has been associated with the discovery of diverse biological functions for Epo in non‐haematopoietic tissues. During development, Epo–EpoR signalling is required not only for fetal liver erythropoiesis, but also for embryonic angiogenesis and brain development. A series of recent studies suggest that endogenous Epo–EpoR signalling contributes to wound healing responses, physiological and pathological angiogenesis, and the body’s innate response to injury in the brain and heart. Epo and its novel derivatives have emerged as major tissue‐protective cytokines that are being investigated in the first human studies involving neurological and cardiovascular diseases. This review focuses on the scientific evidence documenting the biological effects of Epo in non‐haematopoietic tissues and discusses potential future applications of Epo and its derivatives in the clinic.