Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF THE MORPHEME BURGER IN AMERICAN ENGLISH

The present study is aimed at an analysis and description of formations containing the morpheme burger which has developed into a prolific word-forming element in present-day American English. Usually, burger is regarded as a suffix, for it appears in situations typical of a bound morpheme. Some authors, however, prefer to call it 'word element', thus leaving the door open for its possible revaluation as a free morpheme. (And, indeed, recent years have yielded several examples of its independent use.) Moreover, there have been differences in opinion concerning the word-forming processes that might have contributed in establishing this new morpheme in American English. Our notes are based on an analysis of 189 burger formations excerpted from several word-lists (published predominantly in American Speech} and from books and articles dealing with American neologisms, or found on posters, advertisements, drive-in signs and menus of restaurants, lunch counters, drive-ins and cafeterias in a period of twelve months (1966-67).
Avaliação da qualidade da atenção básica em 37 municípios do centro-oeste paulista: características da organização da assistência

No Estado de Sao Paulo, existe uma rede extensiva de servicos de Atencao Basica (AB) com perfil organizacional heterogeneo e pouco conhecido. Este estudo objetiva caracterizar a organizacao dos servicos de AB em 37 municipios do Centro-oeste paulista, como primeira etapa de um projeto de avaliacao da qualidade desses servicos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal conduzido mediante questionario estruturado, autorrespondido pelos gerentes e equipes locais, com questoes que abordam caracteristicas institucionais e de organizacao e gerencia do trabalho. Esses questionarios foram enviados para 131 UBS, distribuidas em 37 municipios. Obteve-se resposta de 113 unidades (87%) localizadas em 32 municipios (86,4%). Do total de unidades, 57 (50%) sao UBS tradicionais, 26 (22,8%), Unidades de Saude da Familia, e 31, (27,2%) organizadas segundo formas mistas. A maioria dos servicos (62%, 70/113) nao trabalha com area de abrangencia delimitada de modo planejado. Os servicos se polarizam entre aqueles que realizam entre 70 e 100% de consultas medicas agendadas (37,6%, 41/109), e aqueles que realizam entre 70 e 100% de nao agendadas (39,4%, 43/109). Nao possuem conselhos locais organizados 65 unidades (63,7%, 65/102). Os dados coletados permitem discutir as caracteristicas dos principais programas, procedimentos e acoes realizados pelos servicos. Os perfis organizacionais predominantes apontam a presenca de deficiencias de estrutura e processo em relacao as diretrizes do SUS. O desenvolvimento de instrumentos de autoavaliacao permite que as equipes se apropriem, de forma critica, de seu trabalho, e possam elaborar novos arranjos tecnologicos para melhoria da qualidade.
Regulation of cigarette smoke‐mediated mucin expression by hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α via epidermal growth factor receptor‐mediated signaling pathways

Cigarette smoking is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mucus hypersecretion is the key manifestation in patients with COPD and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is a major component of airway mucus. Hypoxia inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1) is a transcriptional factor which can be stimulated to bind to the MUC5AC promoter and induce MUC5AC promoter activation. Previous studies have reported that activation of HIF‐1α pathways by cigarette smoke contributes to the development of COPD. We hypothesize that cigarette smoke up‐regulates HIF‐1α production and HIF‐1 activity through epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐activated signal cascades pathways, leading to mucin production in human airway epithelial cells (16HBE). We show that cigarette smoke increases HIF‐1α production, HIF‐1 activity and MUC5AC expression. These effects are prevented by small interfering RNA (siRNA) for HIF‐1α, indicating that cigarette smoke‐induced mucin production is HIF‐1α‐dependent. Cigarette smoke activates extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K) signal pathways, both of which are inhibited by gefitinib (an inhibitor of EGFR), suggesting that cigarette smoke‐activated signal pathways are mediated by EGFR in 16HBE cells. Furthermore, pretreatment with gefitinib and the pharmacological inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002) and ERK1/2 (PD98059) prevented cigarette smoke‐mediated Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation responses, HIF‐1α production, HIF‐1 activity and MUC5AC expression. These observations demonstrate an important role for EGFR‐mediated signaling pathways in regulating cigarette smoke‐induced HIF‐1 activation and MUC5AC expression. Our results suggest that cigarette smoke activates EGFR‐mediated signaling pathways, leading to HIF‐1α production and HIF‐1 activation, resulting in mucin expression in human airway epithelial cells. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prediction of Heart Disease using Supervised Learning Algorithms

The diagnosis of disease is difficult but critical task in medicine. Data mining is the process of extracting hidden interesting patterns from massive database. In the healthcare industry it plays a significant task for predicting the disease. Heart disease is a single largest cause of death in developed countries and one of the main contributors to disease burden in developing countries. Data mining is a more convenient tool to assist physicians in detecting the diseases by obtaining knowledge and information regarding the disease from patient’s data. By using data mining techniques it takes less time for the prediction of the disease with more accuracy. This paper aims at analyzing the various data mining techniques namely Decision Trees, Naive Bayes, Neural Networks, Random Forest Classification and Support Vector Machine by using the Cleveland dataset for Heart disease prediction. Few of the supervised learning algorithms are used for the prediction of heart disease. It provides a quick and easy understanding of various prediction models in data mining and helps to find the best model for further work
Study on Sensor Fusion for Predicting Human's Thermal Comfort Accounting for Individual Differences by Using Neural Network.

This paper presents a method for utilizing sensor networks to predict human’s thermal comfort and sensation. A neural network is dynamically organized on the basis of correlations between the thermal sensation of office occupants and a number of values measured by the sensor network, and the structure of the neural network is cyclically updated. By way of an example, the air-conditioning system in an office is used. We place a number of temperature sensors and participants in this indoor environment, and conduct an experiment where the sensor readings and the thermal sensation of the participants are monitored concurrently. From the experimental results it can be seen that the various sensors are selected correctly and can be used to predict the desired system behavior.
Automatic 3D Segmentation and Quantification of Lenticulostriate Arteries from High-Resolution 7 Tesla MRA Images

We propose a novel hybrid approach for automatic 3D segmentation and quantification of high-resolution 7 Tesla magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) images of the human cerebral vasculature. Our approach consists of two main steps. First, a 3D model-based approach is used to segment and quantify thick vessels and most parts of thin vessels. Second, remaining vessel gaps of the first step in low-contrast and noisy regions are completed using a 3D minimal path approach, which exploits directional information. We present two novel minimal path approaches. The first is an explicit approach based on energy minimization using probabilistic sampling, and the second is an implicit approach based on fast marching with anisotropic directional prior. We conducted an extensive evaluation with over 2300 3D synthetic images and 40 real 3D 7 Tesla MRA images. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation shows that our approach achieves superior results compared with a previous minimal path approach. Furthermore, our approach was successfully used in two clinical studies on stroke and vascular dementia.
Pearson's Test, Trend Test, and MAX Are All Trend Tests with Different Types of Scores

Pearson's test is one of the most commonly used statistics for testing genetic association of case‐control data. The trend test is another one which assumes a dose‐response model between the risk of the disease and genotypes. To apply the trend test, a set of ordered scores is assigned a priori based on the underlying genetic model. Pearson's test is model‐free and robust, but is less powerful for common genetic models. MAX is another robust test statistic, which takes the maximum of the trend tests over a family of scientifically plausible genetic models. We show that the three test statistics are all trend tests but with different types of scores; whether the scores are prespecified or data‐driven, or whether the scores are ordered (restricted) or not ordered (unrestricted). We then provide insights into power performance of the three tests when the underlying genetic model is unknown and discuss which test to use for the analyses of case‐control genetic association studies.
Association of QCT Bone Mineral Density and Bone Structure With Vertebral Fractures in Patients With Multiple Myeloma

Computed tomography (CT) is used for staging osteolytic lesions and detecting fractures in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). In the OsteoLysis of Metastases and Plasmacell‐infiltration Computed Tomography 2 study (OLyMP‐CT) study we investigated whether patients with and without vertebral fractures show differences in bone mineral density (BMD) or microstructure that could be used to identify patients at risk for fracture. We evaluated whole‐body CT scans in a group of 104 MM patients without visible osteolytic lesions using an underlying lightweight calibration phantom (Image Analysis Inc., Columbia, KY, USA). QCT software (StructuralInsight) was used for the assessment of BMD and bone structure of the T11 or T12 vertebral body. Age‐adjusted standardized odds ratios (sORs) per SD change were derived from logistic regression analyses, and areas under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUCs) analyses were calculated. Forty‐six of the 104 patients had prevalent vertebral fractures (24/60 men, 22/44 women). Patients with fractures were not significantly older than patients without fractures (mean ± SD, 64 ± 9.2 versus 62 ± 12.3 years; p = 0.4). Trabecular BMD in patients with fractures versus without fractures was 169 ± 41 versus 192 ± 51 mg/cc (AUC = 0.62 ± 0.06, sOR = 1.6 [1.1 to 2.5], p = 0.02). Microstructural variables achieved optimal discriminatory power at bone thresholds of 150 mg/cc. Best fracture discrimination for single microstructural variables was observed for trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) (AUC = 0.72 ± 0.05, sOR = 2.4 (1.5 to 3.9), p < 0.0001). In multivariate models AUCs improved to 0.77 ± 0.05 for BMD and Tb.Sp, and 0.79 ± 0.05 for Tb.Sp and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th). Compared to BMD values, these improvements of AUC values were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). In MM patients, QCT‐based analyses of bone structure derived from routine CT scans permit discrimination of patients with and without vertebral fractures. Rarefaction of the trabecular network due to plasma cell infiltration and osteoporosis can be measured. Deterioration of microstructural measures appear to be of value for vertebral fracture risk assessment and may indicate early stages of osteolytic processes not yet visible. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Rat ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF): Gene structure and regulation of mRNA levels in glial cell cultures

The structure of the rat ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) gene and the regulation of CNTF mRNA levels in cultured glial cells were investigated. The rat mRNA is encoded by a simple two‐exon transcription unit. Sequence analysis of the region upstream of the transcription start‐site did not reveal a typical TATA‐box consensus sequence. Low levels of CNTF mRNA were detected in cultured Schwann cells, and CNTF mRNA was not increased by a variety of treatments. Three‐week‐old astrocyte‐enriched cell cultures from new‐born rat brain contained easily detectable CNTF mRNA. In astrocyte‐enriched cultures, upregulation of CNTF mRNA levels was observed after treatment with IFN‐γ. CNTF mRNA levels were down‐regulated in these cells by treatments that elevate intracellular cyclic AMP and by members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. The implications of these results for potential in vivo functions of CNTF are discussed. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Big Data und der Fluch der Dimensionalität: Die effiziente Suche nach Quasi-Identifikatoren in hochdimensionalen Daten

In smarten Umgebungen werden haufig grose Datenmengen durch eine Vielzahl von Sensoren erzeugt. In vielen Fallen werden dabei mehr Informationen generiert und verarbeitet als in Wirklichkeit vom Assistenzsystem benotigt wird. Dadurch lasst sich mehr uber den Nutzer erfahren und sein Recht auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung ist verletzt. Bestehende Methoden zur Sicherstellung der Privatheitsanspruche von Nutzern basieren auf dem Konzept sogenannter Quasi-Identifikatoren. Wie solche Quasi-Identifikatoren erkannt werden konnen, wurde in der bisherigen Forschung weitestgehend vernachlassigt. In diesem Artikel stellen wir einen Algorithmus vor, der identifizierende Attributmengen schnell und vollstandig erkennt. Die Evaluierung des Algorithmus erfolgt am Beispiel einer Datenbank mit personenbezogenen Informationen.
Decentralized longitudinal tracking control for Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control systems based on multiple V2V communication

This paper presents a novel control law for Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC) Approach: multiple V2V communication-based tracking law. Compared to tpe existent CACC system, the communication between the host vehicle and the front vehicles is added to design the expected velocity and acceleration which improve the tracking capacity and string stability comprehensively. A sufficient and necessary frequency-domain criterion of string stability is applied. It is shown that for a velocity-dependent inter-vehicle spacing policy, the string stability is related to the headway time. To validate the theoretical results, numerous simulation of a heterogeneous platoon of five vehicles is depicted by adopting a variable transmission delay and data loss. The results are discussed which indicates the advantages of the design of the new decentralized tracking system.
Immunological Effects of Interleukin-2 Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Subjects

A variety of immune-based therapies are under consideration to improve immunological functions in human immunodeﬁciency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Whereas several therapeutic approaches have failed to improve immunological parameters or provide a clear clinical beneﬁt, the use of inter-leukin-2 (IL-2)-based therapies has been supported by several in vitro and in vivo studies (23, 59). IL-2 is a cytokine that is produced by antigen or mitogen-activated T cells and that has been shown to exert a key role in the immune system. Production of IL-2 by these cells is the ﬁnal event following various second-messenger intracellular pathways that integrate signals from surface receptors. In fact, antigen-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation is initiated via the engagement of the T-cell receptor complex that triggers IL-2 and IL-2 receptor production, and the following autocrine interaction of IL-2 and IL-2R allows T-cell proliferation to occur. This is permitted by a switch in T cells from the G 1 phase to proliferative phases of the cell cycle (60). In addition, IL-2 plays a complex immuno-regulatory role by inducing activated cells to enter a preapop-totic phase, increasing the levels of production of proinﬂam-matory cytokines, and inﬂuencing T-cell differentiation (8, 45, 60). These
Aging and Postural Control: Postural Perturbations Caused by Changing the Visual Anchor

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of modifying the stable visual anchor on the postural stability of older individuals. The visual anchor was changed by opening doors similar to those found in an elevator cage. Lighting intensities inside and outside the cage were varied to create increasing or decreasing luminosity conditions. The effect of adding a cognitive load (counting backwards) was also tested.
The relationship between sexual dysfunction and quality of marital relationship in genital and breast cancers women

INTRODUCTION: The concept of sexual dysfunction is dysfunction in desire and emotional – social that it is Impact on the sexual response cycle and can cause stress and interpersonal difficulties. Quality of marital relationship is one of the important factors predicting sexual function disorders, which varies among different cancers. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between sexual dysfunction and quality of marital relationship in genital and breast cancers in women. METHODS: This correlational study was conducted on 150 breast and genital cancers in women referred to Sayedoshohada and Milad hospitals in Isfahan city through a two-stage sampling method. Participants completed questionnaires about demographic/disease and sexual function questionnaire (44 questions) and quality of marital relationship (11 questions). Collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 14 software, statistical test such as, Pearson correlation coefficient tests independent t- student, one way ANOVA. RESULTS: The results showed that 70.7% of women had breast cancer and 29.3% had gynaecological cancer. 60% of patient had good quality of marital relationship and 19.3% sexual dysfunction. There was a significant correlation between sexual function and quality of marital relationship (P = <0.001). CONCLUSION: There was a significant correlation between sexual function disorder and quality of marital relationship. The inclusion of patients educational programs and couple therapy in cancer disease rehabilitation program is important in order to improve the quality of marital relationship and subsequent sexual dysfunction in cancer patients.
THE USE OF SYSTEMIC METHODOLOGIES IN WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT

ABSTRACT Workflow management using workflow management systems (WMS) not only facilitates electronic commerce, but also allows virtual enterprises to collaboratively manage business processes. The support of a WMS allows various participants to collaborate in effectively managing workflow-controlled business processes. The participants represent particular positions in a company or particular companies in a supply chain and in practice they possess different needs and levels of authority when obtaining information on business processes. To facilitate effective workflow management, a WMS should provide various participants with adequate process information. This paper focuses on improving the modeling of the virtual workflow process using Systemic Methodologies such as the Problem Structure Methodology (PSM), Strategic Assumption Surfacing & Testing (SAST), Interactive Planning (IP), and Metasystems approach. The methodologies’ target is to correctly analyze and form the model and in parallel to improve it. The systemic methodologies concentrate on the human factor that is evolving in those systems and they constitute a very valuable tool helping us to understand and define the system functions. Thus the model’s usability and agility is improved, having a reduced abstraction level and giving the business high and realizable functionality. Keywords: Workflow management; Process modeling; Problem Structure Methodology (PSM); Strategic Assumption Surfacing & Testing (SAST); Interactive Planning (IP); Metasystems approach; Strategic management.
User centric complex event processing based on service oriented architectures

Current Complex Event Processing (CEP) systems require considerable technical efforts for event pattern definition and event stream implementation. In this paper, we present a service oriented framework that provides a user centric way to define complex event patterns and implement the patterns automatically. We extend the Business Event Modeling Notations (BEMN) to allow the business users to describe their complex events with graphical notations. Member event specifications in such event patterns refer to services that deliver them. We then transform the event pattern into a stream query, subscribe to relevant services and obtain event streams required. Finally, we evaluate the query over primitive event streams to obtain results as complex events.
Unifying Lexical Resources

This paper describes our efforts to create a Unified Lexicon by extracting information from a variety of external resources, namely our XLE syntactic lexicon, WordNet, Cyc, and VerbNet. The UL is built in several steps: first the information is extracted from the resources; then it is merged into lexical entries based on word stem, syntactic subcategorization frame, meaning concept, and WordNet class; finally, patch files are run over the UL to create a cleaner version. The patched version of the UL is used to extract semantics to KR mapping rules, including default rules for where gaps occur in the external resources. This paper focuses on unifying lexical resources for verbs.
Psicologia das emoções: uma proposta integrativa para compreender a expressão emocional

O presente trabalho realizou uma revisao da literatura das principais teorias sobre o funcionamento emocional: jamesianas, psicoevolucionistas, cognitivas e sociais. Com objetivo de integrar as propostas, foi desenvolvido um modelo constituido por aspectos cognitivos na avaliacao do evento eliciador que conduzem a possiveis reacoes (impressao subjetiva, comportamento expresso e/ou alteracoes fisiologicas) e retroalimentam a interpretacao. Esse modelo foi usado como base para apresentar caracteristicas de expressao das emocoes, sendo que seis emocoes basicas foram discutidas (alegria, medo, surpresa, tristeza, nojo e raiva) com foco em seus aspectos expressivos faciais e cognitivos. Foi possivel concluir que uma abordagem integrativa do fenomeno emocional pode trazer informacoes importantes para o trabalho do psicologo.
Microdata Protection Method Through Microaggregation: A Median-Based Approach

ABSTRACT Microaggregation for statistical disclosure control (SDC) is a family of methods to protect microdata from individual identification. SDC seeks to protect microdata in such a way that they can be published and mined without providing any private information that can be linked to specific individuals. The aim of SDC is to modify the original microdata in such a way that the modified data and the original data are similar. Microaggregation works by partitioning the microdata into groups, also called clusters of at least k records, and then replacing the records in each group with the centroid of the group. In this work we introduce a new microaggregation method where the centroid is considered as median. The new method guarantees that the microaggregated data and the original data are similar by using statistical tests. Another contribution of this work is that we propose a distance metric, called absolute deviation from median (ADM), to evaluate the amount of mutual information among records in microdata. We showed that ADM is always less than the most commonly used measure of distortion called sum of squares of errors (SSE) for any dataset. Thus, ADM causes the least information loss and can be used as a measure of information loss for a microaggregated microdata set.