Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Igniting the Harmonious Passion among Fast Moving Consumer Goods Companies’ Frontline Employees: The Role of Relationship-oriented Leadership

The primary purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of relationship-oriented leadership on harmonious passion based on Self-Determination Theory. Self-efficacy is taken as a mediator between the relationship-oriented leadership style and harmonious passion. A conscientious personality trait is integrated as a moderator to check whether it moderates the effect of relationship-oriented leadership on harmonious passion. The data were collected using a cross-sectional research design, and the study population is the front-line employees of fast-moving consumer goods companies in Pakistan. The research model was tested using a questionnaire survey instrument, and the sample size was 487. PLS-SEM was used for testing the hypotheses. Similarly, Hays process macro was used for testing mediating and moderating effects. Results revealed that employees increase their Harmonious Passion in the presence of relationship-oriented leadership. Self-efficacy mediates the relationship between relationship-oriented leadership and Harmonious Passion. Conscientiousness personality trait significantly acts as a moderator between relationship-oriented leadership and Harmonious Passion. As research on this leadership style and employee passion is scarce, this paper will help get a proper understanding of the specific leadership style necessary for cultivating harmonious passion. This study also concludes that fast-moving consumer goods companies should consider this leadership style and motivate their managers to adopt this particular style to increase their employees’ harmonious passion for better outcomes.
New Measurements of the Ionizing Ultraviolet Background over 2 < z < 5 and Implications for Hydrogen Reionization

We present new measurements of the intensity of the ionizing ultraviolet background and the global emissivity of ionizing photons over 2 4, and possibly at all redshifts z > 2.4. Our results suggest that the globally-averaged ionizing "efficiency" of star-forming galaxies increases substantially with redshift over 3.2 5.
Fluctuations and entanglement spectrum in quantum Hall states

The measurement of quantum entanglement in many-body systems remains challenging. One experimentally relevant fact about quantum entanglement is that in systems whose degrees of freedom map to free fermions with conserved total particle number, exact relations hold relating the full counting statistics associated with the bipartite charge fluctuations and the sequence of Rényi entropies. We draw a correspondence between the bipartite charge fluctuations and the entanglement spectrum, through the Rényi entropies. In the case of the integer quantum Hall effect, we show that it is possible to reproduce the generic features of the entanglement spectrum from a measurement of the second charge cumulant only. Additionally, asking whether it is possible to extend the free fermion result to the ν = 1/3 fractional quantum Hall case, we provide numerical evidence that the answer is negative in general. We further address the problem of quantum Hall edge states described by a Luttinger liquid, and derive expressions for the spectral functions of the real space entanglement spectrum at a quantum point contact realized in a quantum Hall sample.
p-Adic scaled space filling curve indices for high dimensional data

Space filling curves are widely used in Computer Science. In particular Hilbert curves and their generalisations to higher dimension are used as an indexing method because of their nice locality properties. This article generalises this concept to the systematic construction of p-adic versions of Hilbert curves based on affine transformations of the p-adic Gray code, and develops an efficient scaled indexing method for data taken from high-dimensional spaces based on these new curves, which with increasing dimension is shown to be less space consuming than the optimal standard static Hilbert curve index. A measure is derived which allows to assess the local sparsity of a data set, and is tested on some data.
Formation of Galaxy Clusters

Formation of galaxy clusters corresponds to the collapse of the largest gravitationally bound overdensities in the initial density field and is accompanied by the most energetic phenomena since the Big Bang and by the complex interplay between gravity-induced dynamics of collapse and baryonic processes associated with galaxy formation. Galaxy clusters are, thus, at the cross-roads of cosmology and astrophysics and are unique laboratories for testing models of gravitational structure formation, galaxy evolution, thermodynamics of the intergalactic medium, and plasma physics. At the same time, their large masses make them a useful probe of growth of structure over cosmological time, thus providing cosmological constraints that are complementary to other probes. In this review, we describe our current understanding of cluster formation: from the general picture of collapse from initial density fluctuations in an expanding Universe to detailed simulations of cluster formation including the effects of galaxy formation. We outline both the areas in which highly accurate predictions of theoretical models can be obtained and areas where predictions are uncertain due to uncertain physics of galaxy formation and feedback. The former includes the description of the structural properties of the dark matter halos hosting clusters, their mass function, and clustering properties. Their study provides a foundation for cosmological applications of clusters and for testing the fundamental assumptions of the standard model of structure formation. The latter includes the description of the total gas and stellar fractions and the thermodynamical and nonthermal processes in the intracluster plasma. Their study serves as a testing ground for galaxy formation models and plasma physics. In this context, we identify a suitable radial range where the observed thermal properties of the intracluster plasma exhibit the most regular behavior and, thus, can be used to define robust observational proxies for the total cluster mass. Finally, we discuss the formation of clusters in nonstandard cosmological models, such as non-Gaussian models for the initial density field and models with modified gravity, along with prospects for testing these alternative scenarios with large cluster surveys in the near future.
Roles of External Forcing and Internal Variability in Precipitation Changes of a Sub‐Region of the U.S. Mid‐Atlantic During 1979–2019

Observations of the seasonal mean precipitation averaged over a sub‐region of the U.S. mid‐Atlantic show significant increases in summer but no changes in winter during 1979–2019. Clarifying the drivers of these observed changes is important for understanding and interpreting future projections of regional precipitation by climate models. This study examines the relative effects of external forcing and internal variability in the observed multi‐decadal changes using the historical and RCP8.5/SSP585 simulations from 37 models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5), 35 models in CMIP6, as well as large ensemble simulations from 6 models, each including more than 20 members. During 1979–2019, enhanced warming over land relative to ocean due to external forcing induces low pressure anomalies over land that contribute to the wetting summer. While similar wetting also occurs during winter, such effect is offset by the drying associated with the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in recent decades. Internal variability produces large uncertainty in the multi‐decadal precipitation changes simulated by climate models through changes in large‐scale circulation associated with the NAO in winter and the North Atlantic Subtropical High in summer. These multi‐decadal relationships between precipitation and large‐scale circulation under internal variability also manifest on inter‐annual timescale. These relationships highlight enhanced moisture transport from the Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic in winter and near the mid‐Atlantic coast in summer that modulates precipitation change in the study region.
The Quantum Liouville Equation is non-Liouvillian

The Hamiltonian flow of a classical, time-independent, conservative system is incompressible, it is Liouvillian. The analog of Hamilton's equations of motion for a quantum-mechanical system is the quantum-Liouville equation. It is shown that its associated quantum flow in phase space, Wigner flow, is not incompressible. It gives rise to a quantum analog of classical Hamiltonian vector fields: the Wigner phase space velocity field~$\bm w$, the divergence of which can be unbounded. The loci of such unbounded divergence form lines in phase space which coincide with the lines of zero of the Wigner function. Along these lines exist characteristic pinch points which coincide with stagnation points of the Wigner flow.
Dressing of ultracold atoms by their Rydberg states in a Ioffe–Pritchard trap

We explore how the extraordinary properties of Rydberg atoms can be employed to impact the motion of ultracold ground state atoms. Specifically, we use an off-resonant two-photon laser dressing to map features of the Rydberg states on ground state atoms. It is demonstrated that the interplay between the spatially varying quantization axis of the considered Ioffe–Pritchard field and the fixed polarizations of the laser transitions provides the possibility of substantially manipulating the ground state trapping potential.
Detecting measurement-induced relative-position localization

The theory of decoherence explains how classicality emerges from an underlying quantum reality. An additional interpretation to this has been proposed in which scattering events induce the localization of relative observables (Rau et al 2003 Science 301 1081). An interesting consequence of this process is that it involves the build-up of certain robust entanglements between the observables being localized. To date the weakness of this interpretation has been the lack of a clear experimental signature that allows it to be tested. Here we provide a simple experimentally accessible scheme that enables just that. We also discuss a Bayesian technique that could, in principle, allow experiments to confirm the localization to any desired degree of accuracy and we present precision requirements that are achievable with current experiments. Finally, we extend the scheme from its initial one dimensional proof of principle to the more real world scenario of three dimensional localization.
Experiences of occupational therapy clinicians on the assessment and evaluation of adult handgrip strength

Introduction: Handgrip strength (HGS) is commonly measured to assess hand function, however, little is known about how and why occupational therapists assess and interpret HGS. This study aimed to explore the experiences of occupational therapists who work with HGS. Additionally, the study explored what biological and functional factors occupational therapists believe influence adult HGS. Method: A qualitative study design utilising purposive sampling identified occupational therapy clinicians within Queensland, Australia who assess HGS. Data were collected from 19 participants using a semi-structured interview process. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Variations of the American Society of Hand Therapists HGS testing procedure were used by the participants based on experience. When evaluating HGS, comparison to normative data was not always completed or seen to be valuable. Biological and functional factors such as height, hand length, occupation and lifestyle factors were considered to influence HGS. Conclusion: The results of this study provide insight into the various ways occupational therapists assess and evaluate HGS according to experience and practice context. These variations in assessment and evaluation of HGS along with the influence of an individual’s biological and functional factors need to be considered when interpreting HGS results.
Cool horizons for entangled black holes

General relativity contains solutions in which two distant black holes are connected through the interior via a wormhole, or Einstein‐Rosen bridge. These solutions can be interpreted as maximally entangled states of two black holes that form a complex EPR pair. We suggest that similar bridges might be present for more general entangled states. In the case of entangled black holes one can formulate versions of the AMPS(S) paradoxes and resolve them. This suggests possible resolutions of the firewall paradoxes for more general situations.
The properties of XO-5b and WASP-82b redetermined using new high-precision transit photometry and global data analyses

This paper presents new transit photometry from the Isaac Newton Telescope of two transiting exoplanetary systems, XO-5 and WASP-82. In each case the new transit light curve is more precise than any other of that system previously published. The new data are analysed alongside previously-published photometry and radial velocities, resulting in an improved orbital ephemeris and a refined set of system parameters in each case. The observational baseline of XO-5 is extended by very nearly four years, resulting in a determination of the orbital period of XO-5b to a precision of just 50 ms. The mass and radius of XO-5b are 1.19$\pm$0.03 and 1.14$\pm$0.03 times those of Jupiter, respectively. The light curve of WASP-82 is only the second published for this system. The planetary mass is 1.25$\pm$0.05 $M_{\rm Jup}$, and the radius is 1.71$\pm$0.08 $M_{\rm Jup}$.
Measuring stellar rotation periods with Kepler

We measure rotation periods for 12151 stars in the Kepler field, based on the photometric variability caused by stellar activity. Our analysis returns stable rotation periods over at least six out of eight quarters of Kepler data. This large sample of stars enables us to study the rotation periods as a function of spectral type. We find good agreement with previous studies and vsini measurements for F, G and K stars. Combining rotation periods, B-V color, and gyrochronology relations, we find that the cool stars in our sample are predominantly younger than ~1Gyr.
Research on the prediction of bearing life based on EMD and PF

Bearings are widely used in industrial production lines and rotating machinery equipment, and bearing failure may prevent the operation of the entire system, so its reliability is very important. It is particularly important to repair and maintain bearings before failure, so we need to accurately know the residual life of bearings and assess the degradation state of bearings. Therefore, this paper puts forward a bearing life prediction method based on EMD(empirical mode decomposition) and PF (particle filter). First, aiming at the non-linear and non-stationary features of vibration signals of bearings, EMD is conducted for signals, which mainly eliminates the noise mixed in the original signals effectively through effective component reconstruction, analyzes the intrinsic mode component obtained and extract its energy entropy, and take the energy entropy feature as the degradation characteristics indicating the heath state of bearings. Second, the performance degradation model of bearings is built according to the trend characteristics, and PFis used to update the parameters of the performance degradation model of bearings for predicting the remaining life. In order to verify its effectiveness, the method proposed is verified with two groups of whole-life data of bearings and compared with the traditional ARIMA model. The experimental results show that the RMSE value calculated by the proposed EMD-PF prediction model is significantly smaller than that of the ARIMA model, and the prediction error decreases gradually with the degradation process. The prediction model proposed has stable convergence and can effectively predict the degradation process of bearings.
Near-Infrared K Corrections of Type Ia Supernovae and their Errors

In this paper we use near-infrared (NIR) spectral observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) to study the uncertainties inherent in NIR K corrections. To do so, 75 previously published NIR spectra of 33 SNe Ia are employed to determine K-correction uncertainties in the YJHKs passbands as a function of temporal phase and redshift. The resultant K corrections are then fed into an interpolation algorithm that provides mean K corrections as a function of temporal phase and robust estimates of the associated errors. These uncertainties are both statistical and intrinsic—i.e., due to the diversity of spectral features from object to object—and must be included in the overall error budget of cosmological parameters constrained through the use of NIR observations of SNe Ia. Intrinsic variations are likely the dominant source of error for all four passbands at maximum light. Given the present data, the total Y-band K-correction uncertainties at maximum are smallest, amounting to ± 0.04 mag at a redshift of z = 0.08. The J-band K-term errors are also reasonably small (± 0.06 mag), but intrinsic variations of spectral features and noise introduced by telluric corrections in the H-band currently limit its total K-correction errors at maximum to ± 0.10 mag at z = 0.08. Finally, uncertainties in the Ks-band K terms at maximum amount to ± 0.07 mag at this same redshift. These results are largely constrained by the small number of published NIR spectra of SNe Ia, which do not yet allow spectral templates to be constructed as a function of the light curve decline rate.
Dark matter-baryons separation at the lowest mass scale: The bullet group

We report on the X-ray observation of a strong lensing selected group, SL2S J08544-0121, with a total mass of 2.4±0.6×1014 M⊙ which revealed a separation of 124±20 kpc between the X-ray emitting collisional gas and the collisionless galaxies and dark matter (DM), traced by strong lensing. This source allows to put an order of magnitude estimate to the upper limit to the interaction cross-section of DM of 10 cm2 g-1. It is the lowest mass object found to date showing a DM-baryons separation, and it reveals that the detection of bullet-like objects is not rare and confined to mergers of massive objects opening the possibility of a statistical detection of DM-baryons separation with future surveys. © 2014 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.
COLLISIONLESS ISOTROPIZATION OF THE SOLAR-WIND PROTONS BY COMPRESSIVE FLUCTUATIONS AND PLASMA INSTABILITIES

Compressive fluctuations are a minor yet significant component of astrophysical plasma turbulence. In the solar wind, long-wavelength compressive slow-mode fluctuations lead to changes in and in , where and are the perpendicular and parallel temperatures of the protons, B is the magnetic field strength, and is the proton density. If the amplitude of the compressive fluctuations is large enough, crosses one or more instability thresholds for anisotropy-driven microinstabilities. The enhanced field fluctuations from these microinstabilities scatter the protons so as to reduce the anisotropy of the pressure tensor. We propose that this scattering drives the average value of away from the marginal stability boundary until the fluctuating value of stops crossing the boundary. We model this “fluctuating-anisotropy effect” using linear Vlasov–Maxwell theory to describe the large-scale compressive fluctuations. We argue that this effect can explain why, in the nearly collisionless solar wind, the average value of is close to unity.
From standard radiography to whole-body MRI: 30 years of progress in multiple myeloma imaging

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic cancer characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells within the bone marrow. It is the most serious form of plasma cell dyscrasias, whose complications—hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, and lytic bone lesions—are severe and justify the therapeutic management. Imaging of bone lesions is a cardinal element in the diagnosis, staging, study of response to therapy, and prognostic evaluation of patients with MM. Historically, the skeletal radiographic workup (SRW), covering the entire axial skeleton, has been used to detect bone lesions. Over time, new imaging techniques that are more powerful than SRW have been evaluated. Low-dose and whole-body computed tomography (CT) supplants SRW for the detection of bone involvement, but is of limited value in assessing therapeutic response. Bone marrow MRI, initially studying the axial pelvic-spinal skeleton and more recently the whole body, is an attractive alternative. Beyond its non-irradiating character, its sensitivity for the detection of marrow damage, its capacity to evaluate the therapeutic response and its prognostic value has been demonstrated. This well-established technique has been incorporated into disease staging systems by many health systems and scientiﬁc authorities. Along with positron emission tomography (PET)-18 ﬂuorodeoxyglucose CT, it constitutes the current imaging of choice for MM. This article illustrates the progress of the MRI technique over the past three decades and situates its role in the management of patients with MM.
Novel patterns for vector mesons from the large- N c limit

We report on a relation between the decay constants of {rho}-like J{sup PC}=1{sup --} vector mesons, which arises solely from the perturbative analysis of the , and correlators at O({alpha}{sub s}{sup 0}) in the large-N{sub c} limit. We find f{sub V}{sup T}/f{sub V}=1/{radical}(2) for highly excited states together with a pattern of alternation in sign. Quite remarkably, recent lattice determinations reported f{sub {rho}}{sup T}({mu})/f{sub {rho}}=0.72(2) at {mu}=2 GeV, in excellent agreement with our large-N{sub c} result. This seems to suggest a pattern like f{sub Vn}{sup T}/f{sub Vn}=(-1){sup n}/{radical}(2) for the whole (1{sup --}) states. In order to test this conjecture in real QCD we construct a set of spectral sum rules, which turn out to comply nicely with this scenario.
Multiscale modeling and analysis for some special additive noises driven stochastic partial differential equations

This paper is concerned with some special additive noises driven stochastic partial differential equations with multiscale parameters. Then, the constraint energy minimizing generalized multiscale finite element method with a novel multiscale spectral representation of the noise is constructed to solve the multiscale models. The corresponding convergence analysis and error estimates are derived, and the effects of noises on the accuracy of the multiscale computation are demonstrated. Some numerical examples are provided to validate our theoretic analysis, and numerical results show the highly efficient computational performance of our method, which is a beneficial attempt to deal with the noises in the complex multiscale stochastic physical system.