Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of phase noise in FBAR resonators

Phase noise of micromachined bulk acoustic wave resonators is investigated. A measurement bench, able to characterize the phase noise of a single resonator on-wafer, is set up. The experimental data demonstrate the existence of a 1/f phase noise component, the amplitude of which is strongly dependent on the resonator geometry. Particularly, the apodized resonators have shown the best phase noise performance, with no degradation of the Q factor
The Political Gender Gap: Gender Bias in Facial Inferences that Predict Voting Behavior

Background Throughout human history, a disproportionate degree of political power around the world has been held by men. Even in democracies where the opportunity to serve in top political positions is available to any individual elected by the majority of their constituents, most of the highest political offices are occupied by male leaders. What psychological factors underlie this political gender gap? Contrary to the notion that people use deliberate, rational strategies when deciding whom to vote for in major political elections, research indicates that people use shallow decision heuristics, such as impressions of competence solely from a candidate's facial appearance, when deciding whom to vote for. Because gender has previously been shown to affect a number of inferences made from the face, here we investigated the hypothesis that gender of both voter and candidate affects the kinds of facial impressions that predict voting behavior. Methodology/Principal Finding Male and female voters judged a series of male and female political candidates on how competent, dominant, attractive and approachable they seemed based on their facial appearance. Then they saw a series of pairs of political candidates and decided which politician they would vote for in a hypothetical election for President of the United States. Results indicate that both gender of voter and candidate affect the kinds of facial impressions that predict voting behavior. All voters are likely to vote for candidates who appear more competent. However, male candidates that appear more approachable and female candidates who appear more attractive are more likely to win votes. In particular, men are more likely to vote for attractive female candidates whereas women are more likely to vote for approachable male candidates. Conclusions/Significance Here we reveal gender biases in the intuitive heuristics that voters use when deciding whom to vote for in major political elections. Our findings underscore the impact of gender and physical appearance on shaping voter decision-making and provide novel insight into the psychological foundations underlying the political gender gap.
Serum amyloid A is a better predictor of clinical outcomes than C-reactive protein in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes.

BACKGROUND Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with adverse outcomes in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS); however, the prognostic significance of serum amyloid A (SAA), also an important inflammatory marker, remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS The ability of SAA, in combination with CRP, to predict clinical outcomes was evaluated in 277 patients with NSTE-ACS. Patients were classified according to the presence or absence of elevated SAA (>0.8 mg/dl) and elevated high-sensitivity CRP (>0.200 mg/dl) on admission: group 1, both SAA and CRP normal (n=133); group 2, SAA normal, but CRP elevated (n=30); group 3, SAA elevated, but CRP normal (n=28); and group 4, both SAA and CRP elevated (n=86). In groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, the rates of combined endpoints including death, (re)infarction, or urgent target-vessel revascularization at 30 days were 8%, 3%, 25%, and 23%, respectively (p=0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that as compared with group 1, the odds ratios for combined endpoints in groups 2, 3, and 4 were 0.50 (p=0.30), 1.95 (p=0.038), and 1.86 (p=0.044), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Regardless of the level of CRP, elevated SAA is associated with adverse 30-day outcomes in patients with NSTE-ACS, so SAA is a better predictor of clinical outcome than CRP in these patients.
3D polyomino puzzle

This paper presents a computer-aided geometric design approach to realize a new genre of 3D puzzle, namely the 3D Polyomino puzzle. We base our puzzle pieces on the family of 2D shapes known as polyominoes in recreational mathematics, and construct the 3D puzzle model by covering its geometry with polyominolike shapes. We first apply quad-based surface parametrization to the input solid, and tile the parametrized surface with polyominoes. Then, we construct a nonintersecting offset surface inside the input solid and shape the puzzle pieces to fit inside a thick shell volume. Finally, we develop a family of associated techniques for precisely constructing the geometry of individual puzzle pieces, including the ring-based ordering scheme, the motion space analysis technique, and the tab and blank construction method. The final completed puzzle model is guaranteed to be not only buildable, but also interlocking and maintainable.
Application of satellite, unmanned aircraft system, and ground-based sensor data for precision agriculture: a review

Abstract. Data resources for precision agriculture applications are expanding. Image capturing satellite constellations are growing in number, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are seeing widespread use as they become more powerful and easier to use, and ground-based units are becoming less expensive to produce. Moreover, the different sensors types that can be used with these three platforms are increasing in variety and capability. Although, the three different remote sensing platforms can supply some similar types of data, each system delivers some unique capabilities suitable for specific uses. This review seeks to demonstrate the potential benefits and shortcomings of data gathered from satellites, UAS, and ground sensors, and how they can be used for different applications. Satellite data can be obtained at varying spatial and temporal resolutions, but the data is easily corrupted by cloud cover. It can also be several days between usable flight paths. Small UAS provide flexibility regarding sensor types and flight timings, and they produce imagery at a higher spatial resolution. These platforms have a wide range in cost and most cannot be used during rain or high wind; moreover, the data quality can be influenced by light conditions. Ground sensors can produce ultra-high resolution data that is less affected by environmental conditions but gathering the data is labor intensive and time consuming. Out of the three systems, UAS are the most versatile, but there are circumstances where data from the other two is more suitable for specific applications.
A new cluster validity index for data with merged clusters and different densities

Several cluster validity measures have been proposed for evaluating clustering results. However, existing methods may not work well for the following two kinds of data sets. The first one is that the data set contains cluster groups with different densities. The second one is that some of the cluster groups are closely positioned. In this paper, we introduce a new cluster validity index. In this method, we define the index as the ratio between the squared total length of the data eigen-axes and the between-cluster separation. Compared with existing cluster validity indices, the proposed index produces more accurate results and is able to handle the two kinds of data sets mentioned above.
On Efficient Content Matching in Distributed Pub/Sub Systems

The efficiency of matching structures is the key issue for content publish/subscribe systems. In this paper, we propose an efficient matching tree structure, named CobasTree, for a distributed environment. Particularly, we model a predicate in each subscription filter as an interval and published content value as a data point. The CobasTree is designed to index all subscription intervals and a matching algorithm is proposed to match the data points to these indexed intervals. Through a set of techniques including selective multicast by bounding intervals, cost model-based interval division, and CobasTree merging, CobasTree can match the published contents against subscription filters with a high efficiency. We call the whole framework including CobasTree and the associated techniques as COBAS. The performance evaluation in simulation environment and PlanetLab environment shows COBAS significantly outperforms two counterparts with low cost and fast forwarding.
Equal Oxygen Consumption Rates of Isovolumic and Ejecting Contractions with Equal Systolic Pressure‐Volume Areas in Canine Left Ventricle

Left ventricular systolic pressure-volume area (PVA) has been found to be highly linearly correlated with cardiac oxygen consumption rate per beat (Vo2) in a given canine heart with a stable inotropic background. PVA is a specific area in the pressure-volume (P-V) diagram that is bounded by the end-systolic and end-diastolic P-V relationship lines and the systolic segment of the P-V loop, consisting of the sum of external mechanical work and what Is considered the end-systolic elastic potential energy in the ventricular wall. In this study, we compared VO2's of steady state entirely isovolumic and variously ejecting contractions that were made to have equal PVA's in the canine left ventricle. We found that Vo2's of these Isovolumic and ejecting contractions with equal PVA's (isovolumic vs. ejecting - 1008 ± 64 (SB) vs. 1022 ± 62 mm Hg ml/beat, n = 32 pairs in 10 hearts) were equal to each other (0.0376 ± 0.0021 vs. 0.0368 ± 0.0021 ml O2/beat) regardless of the marked differences in stroke volume (0 vs. 9.8 ± 0.6 ml), end-diastolic volume (20.3 ± 0.8 vs. 23.7 ± 0.9 ml), end-systolic volume (20.3 ± 0.8 vs. 13.9 ± 0.7 ml), peak pressure (123 ± 5 vs. 88 ± 5 mm Hg), stroke work (0 vs. 636 ± 36 mm Hg ml/beat), and calculated peak total wall force (1688 ± 77 vs. 1077 ± 72 g). Therefore, we conclude that PVA can serve as a reliable predictor of Vos in a given canine left ventricle with a stable inotropic background whether the contraction mode is isovolumic or ejecting.
The Behavioral Approach to Study Rural Youth Problems

In the article the necessity of the behavioral approach to study rural youth problems of Republic of Bashkortostan is grounding. An analysis of social and economical development of a rural region in 2008-2012 is presented. The negative dynamics of economical indices of the majority of rural territories of Republic causes the considerable deterioration of social components. Using the behavioral approach to study the agrarian sphere permits to provide the importance of behavioral factors in the sustainable development of rural territories. Rural youth is a reproductive foundation and strategic reserves of the sustainable development of agrarian sphere. The role of social factors in the achievement of effectiveness of agricultural production is considered.
PENENTUAN JALUR LOCAL BASE SERVICES SMK DI KABUPATEN DAN KOTA PEKALONGAN

PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI AUGMENTED REALITY BERBASIS PERANGKAT BERGERAK DENGAN DIKOMBINASIKAN DENGAN GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS), DAPAT DIGUNAKAN UNTUK MEMBANTU MENENTUKAN LOKASI SMK DI KABUPATEN DAN KOTA PEKALONGAN. TERLIHAT DARI 46 LOKASI SMK DI KABUPATEN DAN KOTA PEKALONGAN DENGAN RANGE RADIUS 20 KM, TERTANGKAP SEBANYAK 39 LOKASI. HAL INI DIKARENAKAN KARENA ADA BEBERAPA TITIK YANG BERADA DI LUAR RANGE RADIUS YANG DITENTUKAN. NAMUN JIKA DILIHAT DARI PERBANDINGAN PENYIMPANGAN YANG TERJADI DARI PENENTUAN LOKASI DENGAN RUMUS GOOGLE MAP DENGAN AR BROWSER LAYAR VISION, DIPEROLEH RATA-RATA PENYIMPANGANNYA ADALAH 2.6 KM ARTINYA RATA-RATA POI BERGESER SEBANYAK 2643,1 M. JADI JIKA INGIN MENENTUKAN JALUR SEBENARNYA LEBIH BAIK MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE MAP, KARENA MENGAMBARKAN JALUR SESUNGGUHNYA DARI PERMUKAAN BUMI. DAN JIKA INGIN MENCARI LOKASI SECARA REAL-TIME DENGAN JALUR YANG BELUM DITENTUKAN GUNAKANLAH AR BROWSER LAYAR VISION, KARENA TITIK POI YANG DIKETAHUI SEOLAH-OLAH KELUAR KE DALAM DUNIA NYATA
Incidence of Insects, Diseases, and other Damaging Agents in Oregon Forests

Dunham, Paul A. 2008. Incidence of insects, diseases, and other damaging agents in Oregon forests. Resour. Bull. PNW-RB-257. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 89 p. This report uses data from a network of forest inventory plots sampled at two points in time, annual aerial insect and disease surveys, and specialized pest damage surveys to quantify the incidence and impact of insects, diseases, and other damaging agents on Oregon’s forests. The number and volume of trees damaged or killed by various agents is summarized. Differences in the frequency and severity of damaging agents between various ownership categories and geographic regions of the state are investigated.
Probabilistic Conditional Preference Networks

This paper proposes a "probabilistic" extension of conditional preference networks as a way to compactly represent a probability distributions over preference orderings. It studies the probabilistic counterparts of the main reasoning tasks, namely dominance testing and optimisation from the algorithmical and complexity viewpoints. Efficient algorithms for tree-structured probabilistic CP-nets are given. As a by-product we obtain a linear-time algorithm for dominance testing in standard, tree-structured CP-nets.
Pretargeted Molecular Imaging and Radioimmunotherapy

Pretargeting is a multi-step process that first has an unlabeled bispecific antibody (bsMAb) localize within a tumor by virtue of its anti-tumor binding site(s) before administering a small, fast-clearing radiolabeled compound that then attaches to the other portion of the bsMAb. The compound's rapid clearance significantly reduces radiation exposure outside of the tumor and its small size permits speedy delivery to the tumor, creating excellent tumor/nontumor ratios in less than 1 hour. Haptens that bind to an anti-hapten antibody, biotin that binds to streptavidin, or an oligonucleotide binding to a complementary oligonucleotide sequence have all been radiolabeled for use by pretargeting. This review will focus on a highly flexible anti-hapten bsMAb platform that has been used to target a variety of radionuclides to image (SPECT and PET) as well as treat tumors.
Influence of the injection conditions and load on the combustion chamber resonance in DI Automotive Diesel Engines

Introduction Currently, one of the major drawbacks of Diesel engines compared to classic gasoline engines is their noise. Legislation on maximum noise levels is becoming more stringent all over the world, and the demand for quiet engine designs is growing day by day. For these reasons, many efforts are being undertaken in order to reduce this disadvantage, especially as acoustical comfort now belongs to those features which play an essential role in the customer’s purchasing decision.
Experience with Fagan's inspection method

Fagan's inspection method was used by a software development group to validate requirements specifications for software functions. The experiences of that group are described in this paper. In general, they have proved to be favourable. Because the costs of fixing errors in software were known, the payback for every hour invested in inspection was shown to be a factor 30. There are also other benefits that are much more difficult to quantify directly but whose effect is significant in terms of the overall quality of the software.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANKLE PLANTAR FLEXOR POWER AND EMG MUSCLE ACTIVITY DURING GAIT

It is thought that the ankle power (A2) burst observed in human gait is solely generated by rapid concentric contraction of the ankle plantar flexors. Recent work, however, suggests that the return of elastic energy may play a role. This study investigated the temporal relationship between the maximum electromyographic activity (EMG) of the ankle plantar flexors and A2. The natural gait of eight young adults were recorded across level ground. Collectively, the maximum EMG of the Soleus, Gastrocnemius and Peroneus Longus fell 92 ms before A2. The period between maximum EMG and A2 were longer than the electromechanical delay reported in the literature (e.g. 8 to 45 ms). It is reasonable to conclude, therefore, that it may be partly produced by the return of elastic energy stored in the musculotendinous units of the plantar flexors during the A1 absorption period.
The Elusive Pathophysiology of Neurally Mediated Syncope

Syncope is defined as a sudden transient loss of consciousness and postural tone due to cerebral hypoperfusion. Although no permanent medical sequelae should result from syncope itself, isolated or recurrent events are often dramatic and disrupt the lifestyle of affected individuals. Syncope is a common clinical problem that affects up to 3.5% of the general population.1 Strikingly, in close to 40% of cases, the exact cause of syncope remains elusive, and ≈30% of affected patients will experience recurrent episodes.1 Neurally mediated syncope (NMS) is a common type of syncope (Figure 1⇓); clinical descriptions of it have been present in the medical literature for >100 years. Despite its prevalence, significant gaps in our understanding of its pathophysiology and treatment remain. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate proposed theories that attempt to explain the pathophysiological mechanisms of NMS. Figure 1. Causes of syncope. NMS and orthostatic intolerance (OI) are the most frequent causes of unexplained syncope. Other causes may be hypoadrenergic (HypoAdr), cardiac (Card), neurological (Neurol), psychiatric (Psych), and/or idiopathic (Idiop). The development of arterial vasodilation in the setting of relative or absolute bradycardia characterizes NMS. This syndrome has also been known as vasovagal reaction, neurocardiogenic syncope, emotional fainting, or reflex syncope. Related processes include situational fainting (ie, shaving syncope), hyperadrenergic and hypoadrenergic conditions, and hypotensive reactions resulting from drug administration. We have classified NMS into several categories. These include central (for example, occurring in response to strong emotional stimulation), postural (associated with the upright position), and situational (after the specific stimulation of sensory or visceral afferents). Another classification considers the final hemodynamic characteristics of the patient and includes categories such as vasodepressor, bradycardic, or mixed NMS.2 One other classification relates to the clinical characteristics of the syncope and its response to treatment. This categorization includes malignant …
Quality of Service based Performance Metrics on Routing Strategies in MANET with Few Nodes

Routing strategy in MANET is a tedious job due to changing its backbone over time. Since mobile ad hoc network is a set of independent nodes move freely through radio signals, from which all of them are created for the purpose of data transfer. We need efficient routing protocol is needed to guide signals from source to destination through multiple hops with less delay and several routing strategies were proposed in ad-hoc network for routing of packets through many links. In this paper, we obtain results of performance comparison of four routing strategies used to determine efficiency from thoroughly running simulations on analyzer and produce relative values of specified proactive type routing protocols and specified reactive type routing protocols with few nodes. Finally we were check out performance evaluation of the routing protocols on limited mobile nodes have been serviced to achieve Quality of routing using Qual-Net Simulator and summarize the results.
Hierarchical Segmentation Satisfying Constraints

A new hierarchical segmentation algorithm is described. Its computational complexity and memory requirements are detailed, showing it to be practicably applicable to images of useful size. A simple modification of the algorithm adapts it to produce hierarchical segmentations that satisfy a constraint set. Results are given showing that this adapted algorithm can be used as the basis of a semi-automatic object definition tool or as the interface between a low-level image description module and a high-level module coding for knowledge and expectation.
The influence of delivery vectors on HIV vaccine efficacy

Development of an effective HIV/AIDS vaccine remains a big challenge, largely due to the enormous HIV diversity which propels immune escape. Thus novel vaccine strategies are targeting multiple variants of conserved antibody and T cell epitopic regions which would incur a huge fitness cost to the virus in the event of mutational escape. Besides immunogen design, the delivery modality is critical for vaccine potency and efficacy, and should be carefully selected in order to not only maximize transgene expression, but to also enhance the immuno-stimulatory potential to activate innate and adaptive immune systems. To date, five HIV vaccine candidates have been evaluated for efficacy and protection from acquisition was only achieved in a small proportion of vaccinees in the RV144 study which used a canarypox vector for delivery. Conversely, in the STEP study (HVTN 502) where human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) was used, strong immune responses were induced but vaccination was more associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition than protection in vaccinees with pre-existing Ad5 immunity. The possibility that pre-existing immunity to a highly promising delivery vector may alter the natural course of HIV to increase acquisition risk is quite worrisome and a huge setback for HIV vaccine development. Thus, HIV vaccine development efforts are now geared toward delivery platforms which attain superior immunogenicity while concurrently limiting potential catastrophic effects likely to arise from pre-existing immunity or vector-related immuno-modulation. However, it still remains unclear whether it is poor immunogenicity of HIV antigens or substandard immunological potency of the safer delivery vectors that has limited the success of HIV vaccines. This article discusses some of the promising delivery vectors to be harnessed for improved HIV vaccine efficacy.
Develop Inverse Models to Track Environmental Pollutants Using Mass Conservation Law for Both Normal and Anomalous Transport

When pollutants are found in the environment (such as indoor air, land surface, rivers, and aquifers), one of the major challenges is to identify the source position(s) or the release history of the pollutants. This issue can be most efficiently addressed by the inverse modelling approach, which can direct ly back track the pollutant’s previous location(s) given the current location and travel time, o r calculate the pollutant’s release history given the current and initial positions. It is, however, not trivial to develop the inverse model. Most importantly, both normal and anomalous transport can occur for pollutants in different systems, and how to build inverse models to efficiently back track these quite different transport dynamics using a unified, physically reasonable approach remains a historical challenge. This study develops inverse models for pollutants undergoing either normal transport or super-diffusive, anomalous transport using the well-known and universal mass conservation law. Results show that the combination of the mass balance law with reversing time and the standard Tayler series expansion leads to the inverse model for normal transport, while the mass balance law combined with the Grünwald approximation of fractional derivative builds the inverse model for anomalous transport. Numerical solvers are also developed to approximate the forward and inverse models, so that this study provides convenient tools to identify environmental po llutants with a wide range of intrinsic heterogeneity.