Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Occipital Cortex of Blind Individuals Is Functionally Coupled with Executive Control Areas of Frontal Cortex

In congenital blindness, the occipital cortex responds to a range of nonvisual inputs, including tactile, auditory, and linguistic stimuli. Are these changes in functional responses to stimuli accompanied by altered interactions with nonvisual functional networks? To answer this question, we introduce a data-driven method that searches across cortex for functional connectivity differences across groups. Replicating prior work, we find increased fronto-occipital functional connectivity in congenitally blind relative to blindfolded sighted participants. We demonstrate that this heightened connectivity extends over most of occipital cortex but is specific to a subset of regions in the inferior, dorsal, and medial frontal lobe. To assess the functional profile of these frontal areas, we used an n-back working memory task and a sentence comprehension task. We find that, among prefrontal areas with overconnectivity to occipital cortex, one left inferior frontal region responds to language over music. By contrast, the majority of these regions responded to working memory load but not language. These results suggest that in blindness occipital cortex interacts more with working memory systems and raise new questions about the function and mechanism of occipital plasticity.
Achilles tendon rupture: physiotherapy and endoscopy-assisted surgical treatment of a common sports injury

Although the Achilles tendon (AT) is the strongest tendon in the human body, rupture of this tendon is one of the most common sports injuries in the athletic population. Despite numerous nonoperative and operative methods that have been described, there is no universal agreement about the optimal management strategy of acute total AT ruptures. The management of AT ruptures should aim to minimize the morbidity of the injury, optimize rapid return to full function, and prevent complications. Since endoscopy-assisted percutaneous AT repair allows direct visualization of the synovia and protects the paratenon that is important in biological healing of the AT, this technique becomes a reasonable treatment option in AT ruptures. Furthermore, Achilles tendoscopy technique may decrease the complications about the sural nerve. Also, early functional postoperative physiotherapy following surgery may improve the surgical outcomes.
A Molecular and Co-Evolutionary Context for Grazer Induced Toxin Production in Alexandrium tamarense

Marine dinoflagellates of the genus Alexandrium are the proximal source of neurotoxins associated with Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning. The production of these toxins, the toxin biosynthesis and, thus, the cellular toxicity can be influenced by abiotic and biotic factors. There is, however, a lack of substantial evidence concerning the toxins' ecological function such as grazing defense. Waterborne cues from copepods have been previously found to induce a species-specific increase in toxin content in Alexandrium minutum. However, it remains speculative in which context these species-specific responses evolved and if it occurs in other Alexandrium species as well. In this study we exposed Alexandrium tamarense to three copepod species (Calanus helgolandicus, Acartia clausii, and Oithona similis) and their corresponding cues. We show that the species-specific response towards copepod-cues is not restricted to one Alexandrium species and that co-evolutionary processes might be involved in these responses, thus giving additional evidence for the defensive role of phycotoxins. Through a functional genomic approach we gained insights into the underlying molecular processes which could trigger the different outcomes of these species-specific responses and consequently lead to increased toxin content in Alexandrium tamarense. We propose that the regulation of serine/threonine kinase signaling pathways has a major influence in directing the external stimuli i.e. copepod-cues, into different intracellular cascades and networks in A. tamarense. Our results show that A. tamarense can sense potential predating copepods and respond to the received information by increasing its toxin production. Furthermore, we demonstrate how a functional genomic approach can be used to investigate species interactions within the plankton community.
Highly Automated Driving on Highways Based on Legal Safety

This paper discusses driving system design based on traffic rules. This allows fully automated driving in an en-vironment with human drivers, without necessarily changing equipment on other vehicles or infrastructure. It also facilitates cooperation between the driving system and the host driver dur-ing highly automated driving. The concept, referred to as legal safety, is illustrated for highly automated driving on highways with distance keeping, intelligent speed adaptation, and lane-changing functionalities. Requirements by legal safety on perception and control components are discussed. This paper presents the actual design of a legal safety decision component, which predicts object trajectories and calculates optimal subject trajectories. System implementation on automotive electronic control units and results on vehicle and simulator are discussed.
Comparison of Software Quality Metrics for Object-Oriented System

According to the IEEE standard glossary of software engineering, Object-Oriented design is becoming mor e important in software development environment and software Metrics are essential in software engineer g for measuring the software complexity, estimating size, quality and project efforts. There are various approaches t rough which we can find the software cost estimation and predicates on various kinds of deliverable items. T he tools are used for measuring the estimations are lines of codes, function points, and object points. This paper high light mostly the classification of metrics like software quality metrics and the object-oriented metrics or all the software quality metrics like the HALSTEAD metrics, size mer ics, quality metrics and all the object oriented metrics which are proposed from 90’s like CK metrics, Moose Metrics, QMOOD Metrics, GQM, MOOSE, EMOOSE and maintain the comparison table through which we can easily an alyze the difference between all the object-oriented metr ics.
Early Start Denver Model. Un modello Evidence Based per l’intervento educativo precoce nei Disturbi Dello Spettro Autistico

The Autism Spectrum Disorders represents one of the most complex developmental disabilities for the massive deficit of communication competences. The social disability related to disorders is the main objective of the intervention of the Early Start Denver Model – ESDM (Rogers & Dawson, 2010), which can be considered as one of the most advanced models for early educational intervention according the perspective of Evidence Based Education. In this paper the theoretical foundations of the model are presented and its implications for a modern inclusive education are discussed.
Evolution of dispersion in the cosmic deuterium abundance

Deuterium is created during big bang nucleosynthesis, and, in contrast to the other light stable nuclei, can only be destroyed thereafter by fusion in stellar interiors. In this Letter, we study the cosmic evolution of the deuterium abundance in the interstellar medium (ISM) and its dispersion using realistic galaxy evolution models. We find that models that reproduce the observed metal abundance are compatible with observations of the deuterium abundance in the local ISM and z ∼ 3 absorption line systems. In particular, we reproduce the low astration factor which we attribute to a low global star formation efficiency. We calculate the dispersion in deuterium abundance arising from different structure formation histories in different parts of the Universe. Our model also predicts a tight correlation between deuterium and metal abundances which could be used to measure the primordial deuterium abundance.
Does it take a village? Fostering gender equity among early adolescents in Nepal

Abstract Background Gender inequity contributes to a range of poor health outcomes. Early adolescence presents a window of opportunity for gender transformative interventions to shift inequitable gender norms, attitudes and behaviors. Objective The objective of this study is to evaluate a set of individual, family and community interventions to increase gender equity among very young adolescents (VYAs) in rural Nepal. Methods Two communities received the individual-level Choices intervention as well the family and community Voices and Promises interventions (CVP). Two comparison communities received only Choices. Samples of 1200 VYAs and 600 parents were interviewed at baseline before implementation and at end line 1 year later. Results In both CVP and Choices only areas most measures of gender norms, attitudes, and behaviors improved, suggesting a positive effect of the individual-level intervention. Increases in norms, attitudes, and behaviors reported by VYAs were generally greater in CVP areas compared to Choices areas, suggesting an added benefit from the family and community interventions. Parent-reported measures did not demonstrate an intervention effect of the family and community interventions. Uneven evaluation results, particularly among parents, may reflect implementation challenges such as the compressed 3-month intervention period due to the 2015 earthquakes and subsequent political unrest. Conclusion Overall findings are encouraging and suggest that adding family and community interventions may improve gender equity.
Balanced dynamics of deep and shallow Hadley circulations in the tropics

This paper examines the dynamics of large‐scale overturning circulations in the tropical atmosphere using an idealized zonally symmetric model on the equatorial β‐plane. Under certain simplifications of its coefficients, the elliptic partial differential equation for the transverse circulation can be solved by first performing a vertical transform to obtain a horizontal structure equation, and then using Green's function to solve the horizontal structure equation. When deep diabatic heating is present in the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), the deep Hadley circulation is of first‐order importance. In the absence of deep diabatic heating, the interior circulation associated with Ekman pumping cannot penetrate deep into the troposphere because the resistance of fluid parcels to horizontal motion (i.e., inertial stability) is significantly smaller than their resistance to vertical motion (i.e., static stability). In this scenario, only a shallow Hadley circulation exists. The shallow overturning circulation is characterized by meridional velocities as large as 7 m s−1 at the top of the boundary layer, in qualitative agreement with observations in the tropical eastern Pacific. The meridional asymmetry between the winter and summer deep and shallow Hadley cells is attributed to the anisotropy of the inertial stability parameter, and as the ITCZ widens meridionally or as the forcing involves higher vertical wave numbers, the asymmetry between the winter and summer cells increases.
Effects of sample mass and macrofossil type on radiocarbon dating of arctic and boreal lake sediments

Dating lake sediments by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C analysis of terrestrial plant macrofossils overcomes one of the main problems associated with dating bulk sediment samples, i.e., the presence of old organic matter. Even so, many AMS dates from arctic and boreal sites appear to misrepresent the age of the sediment. To understand the nature of these apparent dating anomalies better, we conducted a series of 14C dating experiments using samples from Alaskan and Siberian lake-sediment cores. First, to test whether our analytical procedures introduced a sample-mass bias, we obtained 14C dates for different-sized pieces of single woody macrofossils. In these sample-mass experiments, statistically equivalent ages were found for samples as small as 0.05 mg C. Secondly, to assess whether macrofossil type influenced dating results, we conducted sample-type experiments in which 14C dates were obtained for different macrofossil types sieved from the same depth in the sediment. We dated materials from multiple levels in sediment cores from Upper Capsule Lake (North Slope, northern Alaska) and Grizzly Lake (Copper River Basin, southern Alaska) and from single depths in other records from northern Alaska. In several of the experiments there were significant discrepancies between dates for different plant tissues, and in most cases wood and charcoal were older than other macrofossil types, usually by several hundred years. This pattern suggests that 14C dates for woody macrofossils may misrepresent the age of the sediment by centuries, perhaps because of their longer terrestrial residence time and the potential in-built age of longlived plants. This study identifies why some 14C dates appear to be inconsistent with the overall age-depth trend of a lake-sediment record, and it may guide the selection of 14C samples in future studies.
Template for COSC 575 Research Papers

We consider the problem of detecting rooftops in overhead images, which is one processing step in a building detection system. Currently, the system uses a hand-configured linear classifier to select the most promising rooftop candidates for further processing. We present results from an empirical study in which we used machine learning methods to acquire the selection criteria for rooftops. ROC analysis demonstrated that a naive Bayesian classifier performed better than the hand-configured solution, using area under the ROC curve as the measure of performance.
Wireless Power Transmission

The aim of this research work is to give an overview of recent researches and development in the field of wireless power transmission. The methods applied for wireless power transmission like Induction, Electromagnetic transmission, wave coupling, Electrodynamics induction, Radio and microwave, are discussed. This study also focuses on the latest technologies, merits and demerits in this field. The economic aspects are briefly discussed
A Constraint on the Expressive Timing of a Melodic Gesture: Evidence from Performance and Aesthetic Judgment

Discussions of music performance often stress diversity and artistic freedom, yet there is general agreement that interpretation is not arbitrary and that there are standards that performances can be judged by. However, there have been few objective demonstrations of any extant constraints on music performance and judgment, particularly at the level of expressive microstructure. This study illustrates such a constraint in one specific case: the expressive timing of a melodic gesture that occurs repeatedly in Robert Schumann9s famous piano piece, "Traumerei. " Tone onset timing measurements in 28 recorded performances by famous pianists suggest that the most common " temporal shape" of this (nominally isochronous) musical gesture is parabolic and that individual variations can be described largely by varying a single degree of freedom of the parabolic timing function. The aesthetic validity of this apparent constraint on local performance timing was investigated in a perceptual experiment. Listeners judged a variety of timing patterns (original parabolic, shifted parabolic, and nonparabolic) imposed on the same melodic gesture, produced on an electronic piano under control of a Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI). The original parabolic patterns received the highest ratings from musically trained listeners. (Musically untrained listeners were unable to give consistent judgments.) The results support the hypothesis that there are classes of optimal temporal shapes for melodic gestures in music performance and that musically acculturated listeners know and expect these shapes. Being classes of shapes, they represent flexible constraints within which artistic freedom and individual preference can manifest themselves.
Towards a Language for Rule-Enhanced Business Process Modeling

Business process modeling is a commonlyused approach in the development of serviceorientedarchitectures. The previous research onthis topic demonstrated that process-oriented modelsmight be too rigid for dynamic adaptations ofthe business logic. Rule-based approaches are consideredan alternative, which offers more flexibilitythanks to the declarative nature of rules and theirunderlying reasoning algorithms. However, modelinga business process through rules is a tediousprocess for developers in terms of the overall businessprocess comprehension. In this paper, we proposea hybrid solution – a modeling language thatintegrates both rule- and process-oriented modelingperspectives. The language (Rule-based BPMN –rBPMN) is based on the integration of the BusinessProcess Modeling Notation with the REWERSERule Markup Language. In this paper, after introducingrBPMN, we report on the experience inmodeling of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA)from the perspective of message exchange patterns.
Fault Diagnosis of Discrete Event Systems Using Components Fault-Free models

This paper presents a Boolean discrete event model -bas d approach for Fault Detection and Isolation of manufacturing systems. This approach c onsiders a system as a set of components composed of discrete actuators and their associated discrete s nsors. Each component model is only aware of its local desired, fault-free, behavior. The occurrence of any fault entailing the violation of the desire d behavior is detected and the potential responsible candidates are isolated using event sequences, time delays between correlated events and state conditio s, characterized by sensors readings and control signals issued by the controller. An application ex ample is used to illustrate the approach.
Face Recognition Based on City-Block and Mahalanobis Cosine Distance

In this paper we propose a new powerful face recognition method to increase the performance of face recognition algorithms. In our idea we integrate two dissimilarity measures namely City-block and Mahalanobis Cosine distance. The experiments are performed on the ORL database and YALE database. The results indicate the interest of the proposed technique compared to others methods of literature.
PID control strategy for sensor random packet dropouts in networked control system

In this paper the control strategy for networked control systems is proposed that is able to deal with the problem of data packet dropout at the sensor-controller link. The PID control structure implemented in Simatic S7-200 programmable logical controller is considered. The control design is based on the generalized predictive control (GPC) where the sequence of future control inputs sequence up to a given horizon is calculated at each sampling instant which can be stored and used at next sampling instants in case the current output value is not available. The PID controller tuning rules are obtained by equating the PID control law with the pole-placement control structure of GPC given some conditions on the plant model orders. The proposed control strategy is implemented as switched control system where two or more control laws are switched arbitrarily often. The closed loop stability is investigated using the concept of quadratic stability.
Thermoelectric micro converter for energy harvesting systems

 Abstract - This paper presents a solution for energy microgeneration through energy harvesting by taking advantage of temperature differences that are converted into electrical energy using the Seebeck effect. A thermoelectric micro converter for energy scavenging systems that can supply low-power electronics was fabricated using thin-films of bismuth and antimony tellurides. Thin-films of a n-type bismuth (Bi2Te3) and p-type antimony (Sb2Te3) tellurides were obtained by thermal co-evaporation with thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) at room temperature of 0.84 and 0.5, and power factors, PF10 -3 (WK -1 m -2 ), of 4.87 and 2.81, respectively. The films were patterned by photolithography and wet-etching techniques. The goal for this thermoelectric micro converter is to supply individual EEG modules composed by an electrode, processing electronics and an antenna, where the power consumptions ranges from cents of W to a few mW. Also, these wireless EEG modules allow patients to maintain their mobility while simultaneously having their electrical brain activity monitored.
Characteristics of Children Who Lost the Diagnosis of Autism: A Sample from Istanbul, Turkey

Aim. The aim of this study was to describe a group of children who lost a diagnosis of autism following participation in early educational programs. Method. This is a descriptive study reporting the characteristics of children (n: 39) who lost their diagnosis of autism and explaining the educational programs that these children followed. The data were collected by reviewing the participants' files and through examinations. Results. All of the children were placed at regular psychiatric follow-ups. The mean age at referral was 2.39±0.75 years, whereas the mean age at the time of optimal outcome reported was 5.11 ± 1.95 years. Two of the children were in early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI), and the rest were in a comprehensive naturalistic behavioral program. The childhood autism rating scale (CARS) total scores at baseline and final were 32.75 ± 3.15 and 18.01 ± 1.76, respectively. The mean IQ of the group at final examination was 116.70 ± 18.88. Conclusion. It could be concluded that a group of children with an autism diagnosis could lose the diagnosis of autism upon early intervention. High IQ and the development of communicative and language skills at an early age could be the most powerful factors contributing to an optimal outcome.
A versatile Body Sensor Network for health care applications

This paper presents the development of a Body Sensor Network, called the meditBSN, for health monitoring applications. It is designed around a MSP430F1611 micr meditBSN ocontroller and a CC1101 433 MHz ISM band transceiver IC. A Bioimpedance Spectroscopy measurement condition monitoring application has been developed using the meditBSN. It incorporates three 3-D accelerometers and a skin temperature probe. Additionally, a PDA software was developed to control BIS measurements as well as to analyze and save the data from the meditBSN.
Automated Scoring for the Assessment of Common Core Standards

David M. Williamson, Senior Research Director, Applied Research and Development, ETS Randy E. Bennett, Frederiksen Chair, Assessment Innovation, ETS Stephen Lazer, Vice President, Student and Teacher Assessments, ETS Jared Bernstein, Founder of Ordinate (now Knowledge Technologies), Consultant to Knowledge Technologies, Assessment and Information Group Peter W. Foltz, Vice President for Product Development, Pearson Knowledge Technologies, Pearson Thomas K. Landauer, Vice President for Research, Pearson Knowledge Technologies, Pearson David P. Rubin, Senior Vice President, Engineering, Pearson Knowledge Technologies, Pearson Walter D. Way, Senior Vice President, Psychometric and Research Services, Pearson Kevin Sweeney, Executive Director, Psychometrics, The College Board