Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SPECIAL COLLECTION: INNOVATIONS IN REMOTE INSTRUCTION Triggering STEM Interest With Minecraft in a Hybrid Summer Camp

We investigated the application of Minecraft in the context of both in-person and hybrid summer camps for informal science learning. Our work focuses on determining the ways in which digital game-based learning experiences can act as triggers of interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Campers were invited to explore simulations of hypothetical versions of Earth (e.g., What if the Moon did not exist? ), make observations of how these worlds are different from our own, and build habitats suitable for survival on these and other alien worlds. Multiple forms of data, including ﬁ eld notes, interviews, game log data, and in-game knowledge assessments, suggest that many different aspects of the game and informal learning contributed to interest development. In particular, learners were found to have their interest triggered by various in-game and contextual aspects of the learning experiences, such as instructional conversation, novelty, ownership, and challenge. These interest triggers remained constant across in-person and remote camp settings with no consistent differences emerging between the two settings.
International Journal of Biological & Medical Research Platelet Count, Mean Platelet Volume, Serum Creatinine and Delayed Clotting Time as Surrogate Markers of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Original Article

; Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia resulting in complications affecting the nerves, kidneys, eyes and micro-and macrovascular structures. It has been suggested that abnormal platelet functions and endothelial damage may play a role in pathogenesis of microangiopathy in diabetes mellitus. Platelet size is predictor for recurrent myocardial infarction. Abnormalities of mean platelet volume have been observed in diabetic patients. Aims:This study evaluates platelet count and mean platelet volume correlated to fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, body mass index, serum creatinine and clotting time and duration of diabetes mellitus. This study been carried out prior to the onset of vascular complications and can be used as a diagnostic & prognostic test in the management of diabetes mellitus. Method: About 1000 diabetics were screened and 60 uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were selected & compared to 60 healthy subjects. Blood was drawn for estimation of blood sugar. The platelet count & mean platelet volume was estimated by using cell Dyne 1700 automatic cell analyzer. Result: The mean platelet volume was correlated to fasting blood sugar (r-0.6755 & p<0.0001) and post prandial blood sugar(r-0.5416 & p<0.0001) which is highly significant as compared to controls . There was significant increase in p value for clotting time (p<0.04254 & r 0.1048),serum creatinine(p 0.0333 & r-0.2757). Mean platelet volume showed no significant correlation with body mass index (p 0.0517 & r-0.2525) nor with duration of diabetes (p 0.731 & r-0.979). Platelet count from uncomplicated NIDDM showed no significant rise as compared to normal healthy controls. Conclusion: Mean platelet volume, serum creatinine and delayed clotting time can be taken as surrogate markers of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
SPECIAL COLLECTION: BEHAVIORAL ADDICTION TO TECHNOLOGY Development of a Novel Method of Assessing Potential Loss of Control in Internet Gaming Disorder

As video game play has increased in popularity, so too have reports that a subset of individuals play games in a way that causes negative consequences to their lives, which has resulted in the proposed inclusion of internet gaming disorder (IGD) as a formal mental health diagnosis. Given the mass popularity of video games, it is critical that screening materials for this proposed disorder are suf ﬁ ciently sensitive to ensure that individuals who suffer harm are identi ﬁ ed, while those who do not are not mislabeled as such. Here, we examined the extent to which participants ’ responses to a typical IGD questionnaire predicted academic behaviors that couldbeassociatedwithharm.Werecruited42collegestudentsandtrackedtheirgamingandstudyinghabitsweeklyoverthecourseofonesemester,takingparticularnoteofweeksinwhichparticipantsdidordidnothaveexams.Wepredictedthatcollegestudents overall would spend less time engaging with video games and more time with academics when they had exams, but such modulations would be smaller among individuals with more initial IGD symptoms (i.e., the “ more IGD symptoms ” group, as compared to the “ fewer IGD symptoms ” group, would show loss of control). We did not ﬁ nd that college students overall spent less timeengagingwithvideogamesandmoretime withacademicswhentheyhadexams,butposthoceffectsizeanalysesindicatedthat our study was underpowered. Implications of potential results using this methodology are discussed and estimates of powerful sample sizes are provided.
Impact Factor : 3 . 449 ( ISRA ) , Impact Factor : 2 . 114

s One of rivers that suffer from the effect of pollutants is Diyala River, due to the untreated effluents from Rustimiyah wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and from other contaminants sources such as Army Canal Outfall. These outfalls are discharged continuously to the river and located at different positions along the lower reach of the river. In this context, a two-dimensional mathematical model is provided to simulate the distribution of pollutants transport in the river. Strong coupling between K-ε turbulent model and advection-dispersion equation. The mathematical model has been implemented with COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5a, which is a versatile computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package that solves coupled PDEs based on the Finite Element Method. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Chloride (Cl-), and Heavy Metals (Fe, Cr), are selected as principal indicators of pollutants transport in the case study. Sensitivity analysis was performed to study the effect of different parameters on the results predicted by application the two-dimensional model. The calibration of the model indicates that the best roughness height is 0.024m and the best water slope is 9cm/km. The verification indicates that a good agreement between the observed and the predicted data with a percentage error less than 10%.
Impact Factor : 3 . 449 ( ISRA ) , Impact Factor : 2 . 114

s The application of steel tubes especially with close tolerances and good dimensional accuracy, in hydraulic cylinders for different applications makes in a point of interest for various designers. In this paper effect of different parameters like die entry angle, coefficient of friction and cross section reduction of the tube was studied with a 3D model of seamless cold drawing process using ABAQUS 6.10. Simulations were carried out with two sets of data, one comprising of different levels of die entry angle and cross section reduction and other set comprising of different levels of die entry angle and coefficient of friction. The effect of these parameter on process and material behavior was studied. Model was validated through the data obtained from the industry. The developed models have given important contribution to the understanding of how different parameters affect the drawing process. It also helps in determining the condition of failure. These models can further b used to carry out other process improvement studies and analysis.
International Journal of Biological & Medical Research Correlation between Antimicrobial Consumption and Changes in Susceptibility Patterns of Enterobacteriacae over Three Years in a Tertiary Care Hospital A* B C

Keywords: Aminopenicillin Antibiotic Susceptibility testing Chi square test for trend Defined daily dose Occupancy index Original Article Aims: To evaluate the antibacterial resistance pattern in the three financial years, to determine annual consumption of antibacterial agents, and to find out the trend of antibacterial resistance pattern with respect to annual consumption of antibacterial agents. Methods: The present study is an observational, longitudinal, descriptive type of drug utilization studyover the three financial years conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Central India.Antimicrobial resistance pattern and the annual consumption of the antimicrobial agents is obtained from the hospital data & compared by appropriate analytic methodusing Graph Pad Prism version 5.01 and EpiInfo version 3.5 software. Results: Total 52,344 biological samples tested for culture positivity, out of which only 10,542 (20%) were showed growth of bacteria. Out of these 10,542 samples 69.3% were from the Enterobacteriacae family. The annual consumption of Aminopenicillin and Fluoroquinolone was high as compared to other antimicrobial agents. When the resistance pattern and annual consumption were compared with each other, positive trend was found in Aminopenicillin, Gentamicin and Cefotaxime group with statistical significance of p<0.5. Conclusion: The observations of present study can help to improve the rational use of ABAs in indoor patients and also to curtail the economic burden of our tertiary care hospital. Hence, we expect that such type of studies should be done in every hospital to provide a base for formulating the local antibacterial guideline.
International Journal of Biological & Medical Research a Rare Variation of Plantaris Muscle *a B C Original Article International Journal of Biological and Medical Research Www.biomedscidirect.com Int J Biol Med Res

During routine dissection for undergraduate medical students, we observed two separate heads of plantaris muscle on left lower limbs of a 80 years old donated embalmed male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy, K. J. Somaiya Medical College, Sion, Mumbai, INDIA. Both the heads of the plantaris muscle were composed of a thick muscle belly and a long thin tendon. One head of the plantaris muscle originated from the lower part of the lateral supracondylar line of the femur superior to the origin of the lateral head of gastrocnemius while the other head of the plantaris muscle originated from the oblique popliteal ligament. The tendons of both the heads of the plantaris muscle ran downwards inferomedially posterior to the knee joint. Both the tendons united to form common tendon and ran along the medial side of the tendo calcaneus. The common tendon of both the heads of the plantaris muscle got inserted separately into the medial side of the calcaneus bone. The photographs of the variations were taken for proper documentation and for ready reference.The variations of plantaris muscle are very rare and not found in literature. The plantaris muscle is vestigial in human beings and has much clinical importance. The plantaris muscle is absent in 7–10% of the human population. Injury of the plantaris muscle causes the painful calf. It may occur at the myotendinous junction with or without an associated hematoma and partial tear of the soleus or the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. Injuries of the plantaris muscle and tendon is called as 'tennis leg'. The long, thin tendon of the plantaris is humorously called 'the freshman's nerve', as it is often mistaken for a nerve by first-year medical students. Knowledge of anatomical variations of the plantaris muscle is important for physiotherapists, plastic surgeons performing tendon transfer operations, clinicians diagnosing muscle tears and radiologists interpreting MRI scans.
An improved method of automatically identifying micro tectonics in watersheds

Summary In the exploration and development of oil and gas fields, the nature of the local micro tectonics is one of the key factors that determines the distribution of remaining oil. In general, micro tectonics can be divided into positive microscopic structural and negative microscopic categories. The former is considered to be an area with abundant remaining oil and the second category is an area that is poor in oil and gas reserves or is easily flooded by water. In this paper, we propose an automatic method to identify positive micro structural regimes, and calculate related parameters. The proposed method generalizes a watershed transformation - an image segmentation technique based on the simulation of flooding of a landscape - into the field of seismic exploration. The method not only improves the recognition accuracy of positive micro tectonics, but greatly reduces the manual participation, which, in turn, provides reliable data for injection-production schemes and calculation of remaining reserves. Finally, we illustrate the proposed method using one real 3-D seismic data set. The results show that improved models based on the watershed theory can identify positive micro tectonics with high accuracy.
Geotechnical and geochemical investigations of the Marquês de Pombal landslide at the Portuguese continental margin

The inherent mechanisms and factors governing slope stability and submarine landslides are known because of extensive research carried out by academia and industry, however, the temporal and spatial variability of landslide processes remain poorly understood. In fact, the exact trigger mechanisms of only a few submarine landslides are known with certainty (Mienert et al. 2003). In general, submarine landslides occur due to an increase in loading on a sediment-laden slope, which may in turn lead to an increase in shear stress, or a reduction in shear strength. Possible trigger mechanisms for submarine landslides include sea level change, high sedimentation rates, oversteepening of the slope gradient, wave activity (especially during storm events), gas hydrate dissociation, pore pressure increase, tsunamis, and earthquakes.
Principle and application of the double cacheable and gradually deformable supporting shells for soft rock tunneling

The large rheological deformation of surrounding rock caused by the high ground stress is an important factor that affects the safety and stability of deep soft roadways. Deformation and failure mechanism of weak surrounding rock at the west roadway of Coal Mine of Yangquan Coal Mining Group No.1 are analysed. A finite element model is developed which can address the local geological conditions and the initial design scheme. Based on the field monitoring deformation data and rock borehole results, the mechanical parameters and creep parameters of the surrounding rock are obtained through a back analysis. A new support scheme,which consists of double cacheable and gradually variable supporting shells, is proposed for deep soft-rock tunnelling. The scheme is implemented through hierarchically grouting reinforcement according to the damage condition of the surrounding rock and setting up a U-steel support in the external area to form deformable buffer layer. Finite element method for simulating the new support scheme is developed. Using the parameters obtained from the back analysis, deformation of surrounding rock is predicted. By comparing the numerical results with the field monitoring data, the effectiveness of the new support scheme is verified.
Lipids in Health and Disease

There is a predominance of small and dense LDL cholesterol particles in familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH). The lipoprotein lipase gene could exert an influence in these circumstances. To study the relationship of pattern B LDL and lipids with N291S polymorphism of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in FCH patients. Lipid profile, apolipoproteins, diameter of LDL and N291S polymorphism were determined in 93 patients with FCH and 286 individuals from the general population. FCH patients with N291S polymorphism showed a lower mean diameter of LDL. FCH patients with pattern B LDL showed higher concentrations of triglycerides, VLDLc, non-HDLc and apo B100 and lower levels of HDLc than those with pattern A. Of FCH patients with polymorphism 87.5% presented pattern B and 12.5% pattern A, while patients without polymorphism presented pattern A in 69.2% cases and pattern B in 30.8% cases, with differences being statistically significant (p < 0.004). The prevalence of this mutation in our FCH patients was 9.7%. The prevalence of N291S mutation in our FCH patients was similar to the 9.3% described in Dutch FCHL patients but clearly higher than the 2–5% described for other Caucasian populations. No polymorphism was found in our general population sample. FCH patients with phenotype B of LDL possessed an atherogenic lipid profile. The relationship between small and dense LDL and the presence of the N291S mutation may identify patients with high cardiovascular risk. Background A common form of dyslipemia associated with insulin resistance (obesity, diabetes mellitus, familial combined hyperlipidemia) is constituted by the presence of the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype, characterized by elevated levels of triglycerides, small LDL particles and reduced HDL cholesterol [1]. This lipid triad frequently occurs in patients with premature coronary disease [2]. Published: 31 March 2009 Lipids in Health and Disease 2009, 8:12 doi:10.1186/1476-511X-8-12 Received: 12 January 2009 Accepted: 31 March 2009 This article is available from: http://www.lipidworld. com/content/8/1/12 © 2009 López-Ruiz et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Psychometric properties of the Farsi translation of Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire(MAPP-QOL).

Background and Objective Many studies have been conducted in Iran on the postpartum quality of life, and the majority have used the general quality of life questionnaire. With a specific tool in this context, the dimensions of maternal postpartum quality of life can be more accurately determined. The present study was conducted to determine psychometric properties and validation of the Farsi version of Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life (MAPP-QOL). Materials and Methods The present methodological study was conducted in 2018. The original version of MAPP-QOL was translated into Farsi by backward method. Ina cross-sectional study, the Farsi version was completed by 407 eligible postpartum women with 1-3 weeks infant, aged 18 to 47 living the city of Tehran. Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and retest. For construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used. Results The MAPP-QOL showed good content validity; content validity ratio (CVR) ranged from 0.6 to 1.00 and content validity index (CVI) ranged from 0.7 to 1.00. Using exploratory factor analysis, five factors were extracted, including Socioeconomic; Relational/Family-Friends; Psychological/Baby; and Health & Functioning ; relational/ spouse-partner. which together explained 78.84% of total variance. After modifications of CFA, all goodness of fit indices confirmed the model fit (χ2 = 1677.57; N = 200; df= 644, P < 0.001; PCFI = 0.831; PNFI = 0.786; CMIN/DF = 2.604; RMSEA = 0.051; IFI = 0.908, CFI = 0.907) . The Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega, Composit reliability and maximum reliability H of the five extracted factors were excellent (0.9<). Also the AIC values of factors were good (between 0.721 to 0.859) . All of factors had an convergent and divergent validity. Conclusion Appropriate psychometric properties and factor construct of the questionnaire were confirmed. Hence, MAPP-QOL can be used as a suitable tool in Iranian postpartum women.
The Potential for Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Subsurface Geological Formations

Fossil fuels are projected to serve as the major source of energy worldwide in the decades to come. Emissions to the atmosphere of green house gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by the consumption of energy derived from fossil fuels are now comparable to the natural carbon cycle. Such emissions are already beginning to exert an observable influence on climate change, perturbing natural climate stability. Carbon sequestration has been proposed to gradually reduce and eventually eliminate anthropogenic emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere. The success of sequestration depends on the identification and manipulation of appropriate storage sites where CO2 can be sequestrated over long periods of time. Deep saline aquifers are the preferred storage sites because of their potential for secure sequestration over long periods of time as well as their abundance and large capacity. The primary mechanism for long-term sequestration in saline aquifers is solubility trapping associated with the dissolution of CO2 into brine. The solution of saline water and dissolved CO2 is negatively buoyant within the subsurface environment. The positively buoyant-free CO2 is thus trapped and loses its ability to escape from the aquifer. The key aspect of solubility trapping is gravitational convection associated with the unstable density stratification of dissolved CO2. The rate of mixing of free CO2 with brine is enhanced significantly as a result of gravitational convection compared with the extremely slow process of diffusion limited mixing. The strength of convection depends on solubility, which is a function of temperature and pressure and brine salinity. Dissolution of CO2 into brine leads further to the formation of carbonic acid that provides carbonate ions needed for the formation of mineral precipitates. This process of mineral trapping of CO2 is considered to be the most permanent form of sequestration. The objective of this study is to provide a perspective on the progress made thus far toward the modeling of the solubility of CO2 in brine and the dependence of pH on the saturated mole fraction as a function of pressure, temperature, and salinity. This study is an attempt to facilitate the development of an integrated model for the prediction of the amount of CO2 that can be safely sequestered in saline aquifers. Keywords: fossil fuels; energy; emissions; saline aquifers; gravitational convection
Driving Cross-Reality Experiences for Future Mobility

Automated vehicles at SAE level 5 will remove the necessity for a human driver, enabling passengers to engage in non-driving activities, like accessing infotainment services or conducting office tasks. Previous studies have explored the use of non-driving content on windshield displays; however, this approach has limitations due to restricted placement and visibility from just one viewpoint, resulting in perspective issues. To address this, our proposal involves separating the content from the windshield and employing the augmented reality space to visualize immersive content to passengers by using cross-reality technology. In a virtual reality pilot study, we investigated how passengers positioned infotainment content windows, along with their specific characteristics, in the available space using VR controllers while seated in the front of a fully automated vehicle. The results show that particularly engaging video content was preferred to be placed on an AR windshield display, while other content placements were influenced by traditional vehicle interface designs.