Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The exploration of personality traits among adolescents addicted to the internet

Background: According to previous studies, some personality traits are associated with internet addiction. The purpose of this study was to compare the personality traits of adolescents who are addicted to the internet with those normal adolescents. Methods: 4342 male and female students in high schools and pre-university schools across 11 provinces of Iran through multistage cluster sampling for this study were selected. NEO personality questionnaires and Yangs’ internet addiction scale was used. For data analysis both descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (MANOVA) were employed. Results : While there was significant difference between first and second adolescents groups in the four subscales of neuroticism, extroversion, open to experience and agreeableness (P=0/001), there was no statistically significant difference between groups on subscale of conscientious (P=0/348). Conclusion: Adolescents who are addicted to the internet compared to the normal adolescents obtain higher scores on the subscales of neuroticism and open to experience, instead, they aquired lower scores on subscales of extroversion and conscientious. As a result, according to the personality profile of individuals susceptible to internet addiction providing the required training on the use of cyberspace seems to be essential.
Value of Two–dimensional Echocardiography in Endomyocardial Disease With and Without Eosinophilia: A Clinical and Pathologic Study

Ten patients (six women and four men) with endomyocardial disease, four with and six without hypereosinophilia, were studied by two-dimensional echocardiography (2-D echo). Eight had biventricular congestive heart failure and two had atypical chest pain with ischemic electrocardiographic changes. The patients were 15–50 years old (mean 40 years) and duration of illness was 2–9 years (mean 4.4 years). Nine had cardiac catheterization and three pathologic examination. Characteristic 2-D echo findings included apical obliteration of one or both ventricles by echogenic material suggestive of fibrosis or thrombosis; bright, specular echoes at the cavity surface of the apical obliteration suggesting patchy calcification; preserved left apical systolic inward motion, which differed significantly from the dyskinetic motion of thrombotic apical obliteration of ischemic or Chagasic origin (p < 0.001); involvement of the papillary muscles and posterior atrioventricular valve; preserved ventricular contractile function in most patients; and the combination of normal-to-small ventricles with large atria. None of 14 subjects with secondary hypereosinophilia followed for 15.4 months developed similar 2-D echo findings. We conclude that both forms of endomyocardial disease had a 2-D echo pattern useful for noninvasive recognition and differentiation from patients who have valvular heart disease, constrictive pericarditis and cardiomyopathies of other origins.
América Latina frente a la desigualdad educativa y su efecto en los ingresos laborales

The essay explains how the inequality of income per capita in Latin America is one of the largest in the world, is directly related to the large wage differentials. In other words, comes not only from differences between capital owners and workers, but the income gap between the workers themselves. Large wage differentials reflect, among other principal factors unequally distributed in the quantity and quality of education, and is directly influencing the quality of life, gender differences and a conceptual separation of formal and informal employment.
Familial dilated cardiomyopathy in the United Kingdom.

OBJECTIVES--To determine the frequency and mode of inheritance of familial dilated cardiomyopathy in the United Kingdom. BACKGROUND--Two recent prospective studies have suggested that familial forms of dilated cardiomyopathy are common but have been limited by selective screening methods, inadequate diagnostic criteria, and low rates of ascertainment. METHODS--Prospective screening study of 236 relatives from 40 families of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Screening consisted of clinical examination, 12 lead electrocardiogram, and two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography. Relatives with systemic hypertension and other cardiac diseases were excluded from the study. All echocardiograms were performed by an experienced echocardiographer who was blinded to clinical information. Relatives were classified as having dilated cardiomyopathy, left ventricular enlargement (method of Henry), depressed fractional shortening, or as being normal. Relatives with abnormal investigations underwent further evaluation as appropriate. RESULTS--Twenty five cases of dilated cardiomyopathy were identified and came from 10 (25%) of the 40 families screened. Pedigree analysis was most consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance and variable penetrance (65-95%). Of the remaining apparently healthy relatives, 37 (18%) were found to have left ventricular enlargement and nine (4%) depressed fractional shortening; these values were significantly higher than those observed in 239 healthy controls (24 (10%), P = 0.02 and one (0.4%), P = 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS--Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy commonly have an affected family member and a high proportion of apparently healthy relatives with minor echocardiographic abnormalities. Segregation analysis suggests that familial dilated cardiomyopathy is the result of the transmission of a rare autosomal dominant gene. Further studies are currently underway to characterise the molecular basis of familial dilated cardiomyopathy and identify early disease within these families.
Adquisición/aprendizaje de lenguas: el problema terminológico

The terms "acquIsitIOn" and "learning" hm'e been widely used in the literature. However, thi' reader is faced with a lack (I! consistency in the use of both lexical iti'ms, this resulting in the fact that one and the same phenomenon is termi'd dijferently by different authors. The presi'nt papi'r is an altempt to put some order in this terminological conji.lsion. First, we will propose a set of variables according to 11'hich it is possible tu distinguish different ways (! f inti'rnalizing a language. Secondly, the distinction between aC(/liisition and learning will be seen against this background. We conclude by proposing the criteria to be taken into accuunt . Iilr the difj'erentiation between acquisition and learning. These criteria are summarized in a table.
Documenting the diversity of learner achievements in Asian Languages using common measures

While there have been a number of studies exploring the impact of time-on-task and language background on language achievement for both English and other languages, the Student Achievement in Asian Languages Education (SAALE) project constitutes the first systematic attempt to gather empirical evidence of these effects for four Asian languages (Chinese, Indonesian, Japanese and Korean) in Australian schools. The paper focuses on the approach adopted to measure and exemplify the diverse nature of learner achievements in the context of concern. This approach involved a) the gathering of information about the language background and prior learning experience of the study's participants in order to establish learner sub-groups for subsequent analysis, b) the use of common assessment procedures at each level of schooling to compare levels of achievement across learner sub-groups and c) the analysis of samples of each sub-group's performance by teams of teacher experts to develop rich descriptions of achievement reflecting the different dimensions of diversity relevant to each language. The paper outlines the methodology adopted for the study, and reports briefly on the overall findings, Particular attention is paid to the challenges encountered in undertaking the research and to the further efforts that are needed to build on the project outcomes.
Variance Reduction via Antithetic Markov Chains

We present a Monte Carlo integration method, antithetic Markov chain sampling (AMCS), that incorporates local Markov transitions in an underlying importance sampler. Like sequential Monte Carlo sampling, the proposed method uses a sequence of Markov transitions to guide the sampling toward influential regions of the integrand (modes). However, AMCS differs in the type of transitions that may be used, the number of Markov chains, and the method of chain termination. In particular, from each point sampled from an initial proposal, AMCS collects a sequence of points by simulating two independent, but antithetic Markov chains, which are terminated by a sample-dependent stopping rule. Such an approach provides greater flexibility for targeting influential areas while eliminating the need to fix the length of the Markov chain a priori. We show that the resulting estimator is unbiased and can reduce variance on peaked multimodal integrands that challenge current methods.
Study of intermodulation in RF MEMS variable capacitors

This paper provides a rigorous study of the causes and physical origins of intermodulation distortion (IMD) in RF microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) capacitors, its analytical dependence on the MEMS device design parameters, and its effects in RF systems. It is shown that not only third-order products exist, but also fifth order and higher. The high-order terms are mainly originated by the nonlinear membrane displacement versus applied voltage and, in the case considered in this study, with an additional contribution from the nonlinear dependence of the reflection coefficient phase on the displacement. It is also shown that the displacement nonlinear behavior also contributes to the total mean position of the membrane. In order to study these effects in depth, an analytical frequency-dependent IMD model for RF MEMS based on a mobile membrane is proposed and particularized to the case of a MEMS varactor-a device for which IMD can be significant. The model is validated, up to the fifth order, theoretically (using harmonic balance) and empirically (the IMD of a MEMS varactor is measured). To this end, a two-tone IMD reflection measurement system for MEMS is proposed.
Mesenchymal stem cells facilitate axon sorting, myelination, and functional recovery in paralyzed mice deficient in Schwann cell‐derived laminin

Peripheral nerve function depends on a regulated process of axon and Schwann cell development. Schwann cells interact with peripheral neurons to sort and ensheath individual axons. Ablation of laminin γ1 in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) arrests Schwann cell development prior to radial sorting of axons. Peripheral nerves of laminin‐deficient animals are disorganized and hypomyelinated. In this study, sciatic nerves of laminin‐deficient mice were treated with syngenic murine adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs). ADSCs expressed laminin in vitro and in vivo following transplant into mutant sciatic nerves. ADSC‐treatment of mutant nerves caused endogenous Schwann cells to differentiate past the point of developmental arrest to sort and myelinate axons. This was shown by (1) functional, (2) ultrastructural, and (3) immunohistochemical analysis. Treatment of laminin‐deficient nerves with either soluble laminin or the immortalized laminin‐expressing cell line 3T3/L1 did not overcome endogenous Schwann cell developmental arrest. In summary, these results indicate that (1) laminin‐deficient Schwann cells can be rescued, (2) a cell‐based approach is beneficial in comparison with soluble protein treatment, and (3) mesenchymal stem cells modify sciatic nerve function via trophic effects rather than transdifferentiation in this system. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biphasic Development of the Mammalian Ventricular Conduction System

Rationale: The ventricular conduction system controls the propagation of electric activity through the heart to coordinate cardiac contraction. This system is composed of specialized cardiomyocytes organized in defined structures including central components and a peripheral Purkinje fiber network. How the mammalian ventricular conduction system is established during development remains controversial. Objective: To define the lineage relationship between cells of the murine ventricular conduction system and surrounding working myocytes. Methods and Results: A retrospective clonal analysis using the &agr;-cardiac actinnlaacZ/+ mouse line was carried out in three week old hearts. Clusters of clonally related myocytes were screened for conductive cells using connexin40-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein expression. Two classes of clusters containing conductive cells were obtained. Mixed clusters, composed of conductive and working myocytes, reveal that both cell types develop from common progenitor cells, whereas smaller unmixed clusters, composed exclusively of conductive cells, show that proliferation continues after lineage restriction to the conduction system lineage. Differences in the working component of mixed clusters between the right and left ventricles reveal distinct progenitor cell histories in these cardiac compartments. These results are supported by genetic fate mapping using Cre recombinase revealing progressive restriction of connexin40-positive myocytes to a conductive fate. Conclusions: A biphasic mode of development, lineage restriction followed by limited outgrowth, underlies establishment of the mammalian ventricular conduction system.
Automatic Face Recognition Using Facial Attractiveness การรู้จำหน้าคนแบบอัตโนมัติโดยใช้ความมีเสน่ห์ของใบหน้า

In this paper, we propose a system for automatic face recognition using a novel set of face features derived from facial attractiveness. The motivations for this technique come from psychological studies about the effects of facial attractiveness on human face recognition abilities and the ability of the Golden Mask to define ideal faces. A set of features is calculated from critical points on the face archetype and their corresponding points on the actual face. A neural network model is then used to identify an individual. Experimental evaluations using face images of 70 persons, with certain variations in light, background, image size, and facial expressions result in a recognition rate of 92.86%. บทความนนำเสนอระบบรจำหนาคนแบบอตโนมตโดยใชคณลกษณะรปแบบใหมทสกดจากความมเสนหของใบหนา วธการนไดแรงบนดาลใจมาจากการศกษาทางจตวทยาเกยวกบอทธพลของความมเสนหของใบหนาตอความสามารถในการจดจำหนาของคนและความสามารถของหนากาก Golden Mask ในการปรบรปใบหนาใหมความงดงาม ชดของคณลกษณะดงกลาวจะคำนวณจากตำแหนงอางองบนใบหนาจรงและบนใบหนาทไดรบการปรบใหมเสนหในอดมคต และเครอขายประสาทเทยมถกใชเปนตวแบบในการระบตวบคคล จากการทดลองกบรปหนาของกลมตวอยางจำนวน 70 คน ซงมความแปรปรวนของ แสง พนหลง ขนาดของภาพ และอารมณของใบหนา พบวาวธการทนำเสนอมความถกตองของการรจำถง 92.86 เปอรเซน
Ethical Decision Making About End-of-life Care Issues by Pediatric Oncologists in Economically Diverse Settings

Purpose: Pediatric cancer represents 1% to 4% of all cancers worldwide, with the majority of diagnoses in developing countries where mortality remains much higher than that in high-income countries. We sought to describe differences in ethical decision-making at the end of life among an international sample of pediatric oncologists practicing in countries with a variety of income levels and resource settings. Methods: Pediatric oncologists subscribing to an educational international oncology Web site were invited to complete a 38-item web-based survey investigating ethical domains related to end-of-life care: level of care, fiduciary responsibility, decision making, and justice. Results: Responses were received from 401 physicians in 83 countries, with most respondents practicing in middle-income or high-income countries. Significant differences in attitudes toward ethical issues existed across the national developmental indices. Conclusions: Further education on ethical principles is warranted in pediatric oncology, particularly among oncologists practicing in low-income or middle-income countries.
The Effect of Using Celebrities in Advertising on the Buying Decision "An Empirical Study on Students in Dr.M.G.R.University”

This study is based on a field work, of which population included B,tech student in Dr.M. G.R. University. Other student Categories were not included in the study. The study used a convenience sample of 50 students from the above mentioned university. The researcher used a very common method to collect the data needed in the research, that is a questionnaire. This questionnaire was designed to measure the effect of using celebrities on buying decision; it contains two main sections concerning the main variables of the study. The first section intended to measure consumer attitudes towards the attractiveness of celebrities. The second section designed to assess the influence of celebrities on consumers' brand choice behaviour. The important research findings of the study include the followings: 1. The Television advertising, which uses celebrities is attractive, this means the hypothesis one is accepted, this indicate to The Television advertising, which uses celebrities, is attractive. 2. There is effect of using the celebrities on the buying decision, this means the hypothesis two is accepted, this indicate to the using the celebrities have a significant effect on the buying decision. Keywords- Celebrities, Buying decision, Advertising, consumer, Brand
Nitric Oxide Protects Cardiac Sarcolemmal Membrane Enzyme Function and Ion Active Transport against Ischemia-induced Inactivation*

Nitric oxide (NO.) generated from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms bound to cellular membranes may serve to modulate oxidative stresses in cardiac muscle and thereby regulate the function of key membrane-associated enzymes. Ischemia is known to inhibit the function of sarcolemmal enzymes, including the (Na+ + K+)-ATPase, but it is unknown whether concomitant injury to sarcolemma (SL)-associated NOS isoforms may contribute to this process by reducing the availability of locally generated NO. Here we report that nNOS, as well as eNOS (SL NOSs), are tightly associated with cardiac SL membranes in several different species. In isolated perfused rat hearts, global ischemia caused a time-dependent irreversible injury to cardiac SL NOSs and a disruption of SL NO. generation. Pretreatment with low concentrations of the NO. donor 1-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-(N-3-methyl-aminopropyl)-3-methyl-1-triazene (NOC-7) markedly protected both SL NOS and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase functions against ischemia-induced inactivation. Moreover, ischemia impaired SL Na+/K+ binding, and NOC-7 significantly prevented ischemic injury to the ion binding sites on (Na+ + K+)-ATPase. These novel findings indicate that NO. can protect cardiac SL NOSs and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase against ischemia-induced inactivation and suggest that locally generated NO. may serve to regulate SL Na+/K+ ion active transport in the heart.
Institutional report-Thoracic oncologic Tyrosine kinase expression in pulmonary metastases and paired primary tumors

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors against the receptors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR), epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and the platelet derived growth factor (PDGFR) are increasingly used in the treatment of progressive cancers. However, the expression of these receptors especially in lung metastases has not been examined. Tissue specimen from 35 lung metastases of 33 patients with renal cell carcinoma (ns8), sarcoma (ns10), colorectal carcinoma (ns6), otolaryngologic carcinoma (OLC, ns4), testicular and endometrial cancer (ns1 each), malignant melanoma (ns1), adrenal cancer (ns2), malignant fibrous histiocytoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (ns1 each) have been immunohistochemically tested for the expression of PDGFR ayb, VEGFR and EGFR. None of the patients had been pretreated with angiogenic inhibitors prior to metastasectomy. PDGFRa was expressed in all metastases; 31% stained negative for PDGFRb, 86% negative for VEGFR and 45% negative for EGFR. Primary tumors revealed positive staining for PDGFRa in 88%, for PDGFRb in 59%, for VEGFR in 0% and for EGFR in 18%. Our investigation of a pilot character represents a ‘biomarker-based’ analysis of pulmonary metastases of different primary tumors; we conclude that an immediate ‘tumor profiling’ at initial diagnosis should be considered in order to guide tumor therapy individually. 2010 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.
Human Gene Name Normalization using Text Matching with Automatically Extracted Synonym Dictionaries

The identification of genes in biomedical text typically consists of two stages: identifying gene mentions and normalization of gene names. We have created an automated process that takes the output of named entity recognition (NER) systems designed to identify genes and normalizes them to standard referents. The system identifies human gene synonyms from online databases to generate an extensive synonym lexicon. The lexicon is then compared to a list of candidate gene mentions using various string transformations that can be applied and chained in a flexible order, followed by exact string matching or approximate string matching. Using a gold standard of MEDLINE abstracts manually tagged and normalized for mentions of human genes, a combined tagging and normalization system achieved 0.669 F-measure (0.718 precision and 0.626 recall) at the mention level, and 0.901 F-measure (0.957 precision and 0.857 recall) at the document level for documents used for tagger training.
Cytochalasin B slows but does not prevent monomer addition at the barbed end of the actin filament

We used Limulus sperm acrosomal actin bundles to examine the effect of 2 microM cytochalasin B (CB) on elongation from both the barbed and pointed ends of the actin filament. In this paper we report that 2 microM CB does not prevent monomer addition onto the barbed ends of the acrosomal actin filaments. Barbed end assembly occurred over a range of actin monomer concentrations (0.2-6 microM) in solutions containing 75 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 10 mM Imidazole, pH 7.2, and 2 microM CB. However, the elongation rates were reduced such that the rates at the barbed end were approximately the same as those at the pointed end. The association and dissociation rate constants were 8- to 10-fold smaller at the barbed end in the presence of CB along with an accompanying twofold increase in critical concentration at that end. Over the time course of experimentation there was little evidence for potentiation by CB of the nucleation step of assembly. CB did not sever actin filaments; instead its presence increased the susceptibility of actin filaments to breakage from the gentle shear forces incurred during sample preparation. Under these experimental conditions, the assembly rate constants and critical concentration at the pointed end were the same in both the presence and the absence of CB.