Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Neuro Virtual Reality-based Version of the Multiple Errands Test for the Assessment of Executive Functions

The purpose of this study was to establish ecological validity and initial construct validity of the Virtual Reality (VR) version of the Multiple Errands Test (MET) (Shallice & Burgess, 1991; Fortin et al., 2003) based on the NeuroVR software as an assessment tool for executive functions. In particular, the MET is an assessment of executive functions in daily life, which consists of tasks that abide by certain rules and is performed in a shopping mall-like setting where items need to be bought and information needs to be obtained. The study population included three groups: post-stroke participants (n = 5), healthy, young participants (n = 5), and healthy, older participants (n = 5). Specific objectives were (1) to examine the relationships between the performance of three groups of participants in the Virtual Multiple Errands Test (VMET) and at the traditional neuropsychological tests employed to assess executive functions and (2) to compare the performance of post-stroke participants to those of healthy, young controls and older controls in the VMET and at the traditional neuropsychological tests employed to assess executive functions.
AKAGI-S UGENO M ODEL

In this paper a robust controller for attitude stabilization of a Quadrotor UAV is proposed. For this we design a Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) model for Quadrotor modelling, and then we use Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI), and PDC (Parallel Disturbance Compensation) technique to design a nonlinear state feedback controller with pole placement in a pre-specified region of the operating space.The stabilityof the whole closed-loop system is investigated using quadratic Lyapunovfunction.To demonstrateits usefulness, the proposed design methodology is applied to the problem ofQuadrotor attitude stabilization. Simulation results show that the proposedLMI-based design methodology yields good transient performance.In addition, it is observed that the proposed state feedback controller provides superior stability robustness againstparameter variationsand measurement noise.
Lack of hepatic transferrin receptor expression in hemochromatosis

The major part of hepatocellular iron is derived from uptake of transferrin‐bound iron by means of nonspecific fluid‐phase endocytosis and specific, saturable binding on high‐affinity transferrin receptors. We investigated the expression of transferrin receptors on hepatocytes in liver biopsies of 22 cases of hemochromatosis (21 primary hemochromatosis and 1 secondary hemochromatosis), using immunohistochemical demonstration of the human transferrin receptor with the specific monoclonal antibody OKT9. Fifty liver biopsies (normal and pathological) without demonstrable iron storage (Perls' stain negative) served as controls. In the controls, membranous and/or cytoplasmic transferrin receptor expression was always present on hepatocytes, albeit in variable numbers and patterns without obvious relation to the underlying liver disease. In 19 of 22 hemochromatosis cases with severe iron overload, OKT9 immunoreactivity on hepatocytes was completely absent. Three hemochromatosis cases showed few hepatocytes positive for OKT9. One showed mild iron overload, while the second, a successfully treated case, was free of iron. The remaining hemochromatosis case was a known alcoholic with severe iron overload. Since OKT9 binding to the transferrin receptor is not blocked by previous binding of transferrin, the findings show that in advanced hemochromatosis hepatocytes do not express transferrin receptors. This finding is in keeping with the inverse relation between transferrin receptor expression and exogenous iron supply in various cell cultures.
Chemical changes in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain in magnesium deficiency

NEUROLOGIC DISTURBANCES, particularly convulsions, constitute the most prominent clinical feature of magnesium deficiency in animals and man. '-" The rapidly growing young rat, deprived of adequate dietary magnesium (Mg) , develops a pathognomonic syndrome, consisting initially of fluctuating generalized vasodilatation, skin lesions, and mild exophthalmos. Shortly thereafter, the normal susceptibility of these animals to sound-induced convulsions is unmasked,l2J3 and the severity of and mortality following both spontaneous and experimentally produced seizures are dramatically increased. We have attempted to clarify some of the possible pathogenetically important chemical changes underlying the previously neglected neurologic manifestations of the acute phase of the magnesium deficiency syndrome in young rats and to obtain additional data on the quantitative interrelationship between Mg in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and intracellular fluid compartment of the brain. The results of these studies along with some observations in human beings are reported in this paper. The experiments detailed below were designed to investigate the possible correlation between [l] some manifestations of the deficiency syndrome in rats (growth response, (Br). In addition, the effect of an acutely administered parenteral load of Mg and of realimentation with the Mg-supplemented diet on the alterations noted in some of the above chemical parameters were studied. Finally, the concentrations of Mg and calcium (Ca) were measured in plasma as was the lumbar CSF from three patients with hypomagnesemia.
Differential Protein Synthesis by Murine Peritoneal Macrophages Elicited by Various Stimuli

Protein synthetic patterns of murine peritoneal macrophages were analyzed by two‐dimensional Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D PAGE) of 35S methionine‐labeled proteins. While the protein synthetic patterns exhibited by resident, inflammatory, and activated macrophages had numerous common features that distinguished them from the other normal non‐macrophage cell types examined, unique proteins also characterized each macrophage population from the others. The accumulation by resident macrophages of proteins 23, 25, and 37 distinguished them from elicited cells, as did the former's more abundant synthesis of proteins 54 and 52. The protein synthetic patterns of inflammatory thioglycollate‐ and proteose peptone‐elicited macrophages were strikingly similar, save for the former's greater levels of accumulation of proteins 14 and 28, and the letter's more pronounced expression of p23.5. Peritoneal macrophages elicited by treatment with heat‐killed Propionibacterium acnes, the live, attenuated Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG, Listeria monocytogenes, and the protozoan flagellate Trypanosoma rhodesiense, all exhibited tumoricidal activity in 16‐h or 72‐h functional assays. They shared a common protein synthetic profile that differentiated them from the synthetic patterns characteristic of the non‐tumoricidal resident and inflammatory macrophages. These tumoricidal macrophages were unique in synthesizing a protein(s) of approximate molecular weight 26,000 daltons. A time‐course study employing P. acnes‐activated peritoneal macrophages indicated that p26 accumulation decayed with tumoricidal capacity as a function of time in culture, although no direct correlation between lytic activity and p26 expression could be definitively established. Peritoneal macrophages elicited with proteose peptone were not directly tumoricidal but were rendered so upon in vitro treatment with nanogram amounts of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. The accumulation of low levels of p26 by the newly explanted proteose peptone‐elicited macrophages suggests the possibility that this protein characterizes macrophage populations primed as well as triggered for tumoricidal activity.
Investigation of Firn Aquifer Structure in Southeastern Greenland Using Active Source Seismology

In spring of 2011, a perennial storage of water was observed in the firn of the southeastern Greenland ice sheet, a region of both high snow accumulation and high melt. This aquifer is created through percolation of surface meltwater downward through the firn, saturating the pore space above the ice-firn transition. The aquifer may play a significant role in sea level rise through storage or draining freshwater into the ocean. We carried out a series of active source seismic experiments using continuously refracted P-waves and inverted the first P-arrivals using a transdimensional Bayesian approach where the depth, velocity, and number of layers are allowed to vary to identify the seismic velocities associated with the base of the aquifer. When our seismic approach is combined with a radar sounding of the water table situated at the top of the firn aquifer, we are able to quantify the volume of water present. In our study region, the base of the aquifer lies on average 27.7±2.9 m beneath the surface, with an average thickness of 11.5±5.5 m. Using a Wyllie average for porosity, we found the aquifer has an average water content of 16±8%, with considerable variation in water storage capacity along the studied east-west flow line, 40 km upstream of the Helheim glacier terminus. Between 2015 and 2016, we observed a 1-2 km uphill expansion of the aquifer system, with a site dry in summer 2015 exhibiting a water content of 530 kg m-2 in summer 2016. We estimate the volume of water stored in the aquifer across the entire region upstream of Helheim glacier to be 4.7±3.1 Gt, approximately 3% of the total water stored in firn aquifers across the Greenland ice sheet. Elucidating the volume of water stored within these recently discovered aquifers is vital for determining the hydrological structure and stability of the southeastern Greenland ice sheet.
Gynostemma pentaphyllum protects mouse male germ cells against apoptosis caused by zearalenone via Bax and Bcl-2 regulation

The objective of this study was to explore the effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum on Zearalenone-induced apoptosis in mouse male germ cells. Fifty Kunming male mice at 25-days-old were classified into five groups: group A was the control (10% ethanol, 0.5 ml/day); group B with 10 µg Zearalenone/day; group C with 10 µg Zearalenone and 50 mg/kg/day Gynostemma pentaphyllum; group D with 10 µg Zearalenone and 100 mg/kg/day Gynostemma pentaphyllum; and group E with 10 µg Zearalenone and 200 mg/kg/day Gynostemma pentaphyllum. It was found that Gynostemma pentaphyllum has a marked effect on protecting male germ cells against Zearalenone-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by a reduced apoptosis rate of male germ cells and Bax expression as well as an enhancement of Bcl-2 expression in Gynostemma pentaphyllum-treated groups compared to the control. In addition, Gynostemma pentaphyllum remarkably improved pathologic changes of testicular tissue, reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) caused by Zearalenone. Taken together, these results suggest that Gynostemma pentaphyllum protects against toxicity caused by Zearalenone through anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis via the regulation of Bax and Bcl-2 expression.
Antecedents, descriptions and consequences of wandering in cognitively-impaired adults and the Safe Return (SR) program

Unattended wandering is a major problem in cognitivelyimpaired (CI) individuals and can result in those individuals becoming lost in the community. The purpose of this study was to identify important characteristics of unattended wandering and important prevention strategies. Data were compiled from registration files and missing and discovery reports collected through the Safe Return (SR) program. These data were analyzed to determine where individuals were found, who found them, from what setting they left, what mode of transportation they used, and what circumstances surrounded the unattended wandering. The study highlights the unpredictable and varied nature of unattended wandering. Recommendations are provided for communities to develop strategies to minimize unattended wandering and to determine effective methods of locating CI individuals when they become lost.
Do sex and site matter? Different age distribution in melanoma of the trunk among Swedish men and women

Background Recent research on cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) points to the coexistence of several biological pathways linked to the anatomical site of the lesion, which could lead to this neoplasm. Although the different anatomical distribution of CMM by sex is usually attributed to gender‐specific patterns of sun exposure, it has been suggested that an alternative explanation might lie in gender‐specific site susceptibility.
Prion protein is ubiquitinated after developing protease resistance in the brains of scrapie‐infected mice

Although the key event in the pathology of prion diseases is thought to be the conversion of cellular prion protein (PrPC) to the protease‐resistant scrapie species termed PrPSc, the factors that contribute to neurodegeneration in scrapie‐infected animals are poorly understood. One probable determinant could be when the accumulation of PrPSc in infected brain overwhelms the ubiquitin–proteasome system and triggers the degenerative cascade. In the present study, it was found that in mouse brains infected with the ME7 scrapie strain, the level of ubiquitin protein conjugates increased significantly at ∼144 days post‐infection (pi) when clinical signs first become apparent. This elevation correlated with the detection of protease‐resistant PrPSc and a decline in two endopeptidase activities associated with proteasome function. However, ubiquitination of PrP was only detected at the terminal stage, 3 weeks after the development of clinical symptoms (∼165 days pi). These results suggest that ubiquitination of PrP is a late event phenomenon and this conjugation occurs after the formation of protease‐resistant PrPSc. Whether this post‐translational modification and the impairment of proteasome function are pivotal events in the pathogenesis of prion diseases remains to be determined. Copyright © 2004 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney in a puerperal woman

Puerperal pyrexia is still rampant, especially in third world countries, and is usually due to puerperal sepsis, urinary tract infections, upper respiratory infection, and breast infection. Rarely, in third world countries like India, it may be due to tuberculosis, malaria, typhoid, and so on, which are also rampant in the general population. Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney (MESTK) is a recently recognized subset of renal tumors composed mainly of smooth muscle cells in which epithelial structures are embedded. It usually occurs in middle aged and older women. In the present case report, a 36‐year‐old woman presented with puerperal pyrexia, possibly due to tuberculosis and with an incidental mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney causing complex ascitis and fever, which required nephrectomy that was followed by full recovery. This case report highlights the importance of keeping MESTK in mind even in younger women with asymptomatic renal mass. It also highlights the importance of keeping renal tumors in mind as a possibility and to perform proper investigations for adequate treatment and recovery.
Lamivudine or lamivudine combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin in prophylaxis of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation: a meta‐analysis

There is a controversy over whether the different outcomes of prophylaxis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence are attributable to different treatments. A systematic review and a meta‐analysis were conducted to evaluate lamivudine monotherapy and combined therapy of lamivudine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in HBV infected liver recipients. A fixed effects model was used for statistical pooling of relative risks (RR) for the different outcomes. Six articles (551 patients) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Statistically significant differences were observed between lamivudine monotherapy and lamivudine + HBIG therapy in hepatitis B recurrence [P < 0.0001; RR = 0.38; 95% CI (0.25, 0.58)], YMDD mutant [P = 0.002; RR = 0.40; 95% CI (0.23, 0.72)] and hepatitis B recurrence in HBV‐DNA positive patients before orthotopic liver transplantation [P < 0.00001; RR = 0.31; 95% CI (0.21, 0.45)]. No significant differences were observed in patient survival [P = 0.59; RR = 1.02; 95% CI (0.95, 1.09)], graft survival [P = 0.56; RR = 1.02; 95% CI (0.95, 1.09)] and diseases leading to death between the two groups [HBV recurrence leading to death: P = 0.05; RR = 0.47; 95% CI (0.22, 1.02); hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence leading to death: P = 0.13; RR = 0.34; 95% CI (0.09, 1.36)]. In conclusion, combination of lamivudine and HBIG can effectively decrease the recurrence rate of HBV and the incidence of YMDD mutant, but it can not improve patient survival and graft survival significantly. Well‐designed large‐sample trials are needed to evaluate the efficiency of combined therapy of lamivudine and HBIG in prophylaxis of HBV recurrence in liver graft recipients.
[Minority versus majority: intergroup discrimination in the minimal group paradigm].

The present study was conducted to investigate the intergroup behaviour from the perspective of social identity theory. It was predicted that (a) when group membership was based on trivial categorization (e.g., by drawing lots), minority group members would be more conscious of their social identity, and favour their own group more in reward distribution than majority group members; (b) when based on value-loaded categorization (e.g., by social attitudes), both minority group and majority group members would favour their own group; (c) both minority group and majority group members would perceive converted members, who move away from their initial attitudes, as a threat to their social identity, and discriminate them. Results from three experiments under the minimal group paradigm, with undergraduate students, supported these predictions. Findings were discussed in terms of salience of social identity in categorization of minority versus majority, and the impact of anonymity in the minimal group paradigm. They were also discussed to compare the theory with belief congruence theory, which argues that attraction due to similarity of belief is the cause of ingroup favoritism.
Signal Processing for Improved Detection of Trapped Victims Using UWB Radar

Detection of trapped victims using ultrawideband radar is considered a highly challenging task due to multiple unknown parameters and generally very low signal-to-noise-and-clutter ratio (SNCR) conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel detection algorithm which is designed for detection of periodic motion caused by, e.g., respiratory motion of the victim for low SNCR conditions. The aim is to separate the respiratory-motion response of a trapped victim from nonstationary clutter originating from moving objects in the scene of interest. The algorithm performs stationary-clutter removal, high-level noise, and nonstationary-clutter suppression, indicates presence of the trapped victim, and estimates its range. The performance of the algorithm is investigated, both by means of simulation and experimental verification. The results show improved detection capabilities in low SNCR over an existing algorithm proposed by Zaikov et al.
Mutation analysis of relational database schemas

The schema is the key artefact used to describe the structure of a relational database, specifying how data will be stored and the integrity constraints used to ensure it is valid. It is therefore surprising that to date little work has addressed the problem of schema testing, which aims to identify mistakes in the schema early in software development. Failure to do so may lead to critical faults, which may cause data loss or degradation of data quality, remaining undetected until later when they will prove much more costly to fix. This thesis explores how mutation analysis – a technique commonly used in software testing to evaluate test suite quality – can be applied to evaluate data generated to exercise the integrity constraints of a relational database schema. By injecting faults into the constraints, modelling both faults of omission and commission, this enables the fault-finding capability of test suites generated by different techniques to be compared. This is essential to empirically evaluate further schema testing research, providing a means of assessing the effectiveness of proposed techniques. To mutate the integrity constraints of a schema, a collection of novel mutation operators are proposed and implementation described. These allow an empirical evaluation of an existing data generation approach, demonstrating the effectiveness of the mutation analysis technique and identifying a configuration that killed 94% of mutants on average. Cost-effective algorithms for automatically removing equivalent mutants and other ineffective mutants are then proposed and evaluated, revealing a third of mutation scores to be mutation adequate and reducing time taken by an average of 7%. Finally, the execution cost problem is confronted, with a range of optimisation strategies being applied that consistently improve efficiency, reducing the time taken by several hours in the best case and as high as 99% on average for one DBMS.
DETERMINAN KEPATUHAN PADA KETENTUAN PENGUNGKAPAN WAJIB LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH (Studi Pada Kabupaten/Kota Di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat)

This research aimed to analyze the determinants of compliance toward the provisions of mandatory disclosure of financial statements of local governments (LKPD) throughout districts / cities in West Nusa Tenggara Province which consists of eight regencies and two Cities. This research is quantitative in nature. The data used is secondary data sourced from Audit Reports on LKPD by the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK), overview of the results of BPK and data of the Central Bureau of Statistics for the period of 2011 to 2013. Data were collected by using documentation technique and literature. The analytical method used is panel data regression using the software eviews 8. The results of the research indicate that the wealth of the region, the level of dependence, the age of administrative local government, the number of legislators, total SKPD and deviation rate based BPK audit results have significant influence on the level of disclosure of financial statements of local governments, while the population and the number of audit findings do not have a significant influence on the level of disclosure LKPD .
An Analysis of Teacher Knowledge and Emotional Sharing in a Teacher Blog Community

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the findings of a research study analyzing knowledge and emotional sharing in a self-generated online teacher community. Although active informal learning occurs in online communities of teachers, scant information is available about the knowledge and emotions teachers share in these communities. The authors conducted a content analysis of 1,709 entries in a self-generated blog community and examined the types of activities teachers were engaged in. The data revealed that over 29% of entries were related to lesson plans or teaching resources. In addition, over 17% of the postings addressed teachers’ positive or negative emotions. The authors argue that teacher participation in online communities should be promoted and encouraged since online communities help teachers with informal learning and emotional sharing.