Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intertrochanteric Femoral Fractures: A Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes Between Talon Intramedullary Nail and Intertan Nail

Introduction Hip fractures in the elderly constitute a significant health concern, and their incidence is on the rise. It has been reported that intertrochanteric femoral fractures comprise a large portion of hip fractures, and they are especially prevalent among women. Over 75% of these types of fractures in the elderly occur as a result of simple falls. Surgical intervention must be performed for these fractures to expedite the healing process in patients. The application of a proximal femoral nail (PFN) is conducted using a minimally invasive technique after the fracture has been reduced using closed techniques. This technique maintains the fracture hematoma while minimizing the occurrence of consequences such as surgical trauma, hemorrhaging, infection, and issues with the wound site. This study aimed to assess the radiologic and functional outcomes among the groups following surgical procedures utilizing two distinct PFNs. Methods Between November 2021 and June 2023, a total of 96 individuals (38 males and 58 females) who underwent surgery for ITF using PFN were included in the study. Our surgical team utilized the Talon™ DistalFix™ PFN system (Orthopedic Designs North America Inc., FL, USA) and the Trigen InterTAN® nail (Smith & Nephew). Results The surgery time (number of scopes) for the Talon PFN was recorded as 25 (25-30), while it was 30 (30-35) in the InterTAN group (p<0.001). No nail protrusion was observed in the InterTAN group, whereas nail protrusion was observed in 12 patients (31.6%) in the Talon PFN group (p<0.001). Nail jamming was observed in two (5.3%) patients in the Talon PFN group, while none was observed in the InterTAN group (p<0.07). Conclusion In ITF fractures, the InterTAN nail is a more reliable implant. The shorter surgery time, reduced radiation exposure, and more minimally invasive nature of the Talon PFN might be preferred for geriatric patient populations with comorbidities where prolonged anesthesia could elevate mortality risks or for fractures of two or three pieces (Evans-Jansen Type 1 and Type 2). However, for more unstable fractures (Evans-Jensen Type 3) and in the active elderly patient group, we recommend the use of the InterTAN nail.
Agricultural Tenancy in Some Irrigation Command Areas of North Gujarat

In the pre-independence period, Gujarat the Rayatwari system was predominant in the presidencies where land rights were with the tillers, who were subjected to regular payment of revenue. Tenants in Gujarat and Saurashtra were mostly Patidars by caste. They had become politically powerful by the time of Independence due to participation in the Indian freedom movement under Gandhi. Since they were the beneficiaries of reforms, they had enacted progressive laws. , land reforms have met with mixed success in achieving equitable distribution of land. The intermediaries between the state and the actual tillers have been removed, but efforts to provide land to the tiller have not been successful even though the distribution of land has become a little less unequal. Although the number of tenants has come down, unwritten contractual arrangements have increased. Thus, large-scale concealed tenancy still exists. So is the case with reverse tenancy-leasing-out land by marginal and small farmers to medium and large farmers, incidents which have increased in recent time.
DAAED: A Deep Autoencoder based Adversarial Example Detection Technique

Deep Learning based intrusion detection systems are susceptible to adversarial examples which are maliciously perturbed data samples that can cause a trained intrusion detection system to misclassify. The original data sample is generally a malicious data sample which is carefully perturbed to an extent that it retains its malicious properties but, due to perturbations, causes the deep learning-based intrusion detection system to misclassify it as benign. This may have disastrous consequences for security critical systems like intrusion detection systems. In this paper, we propose a deep autoencoder based adversarial example detection technique which effectively detects adversarial examples by analyzing the mismatch between the reconstruction error of an adversarial example, and its predicted class by a trained model. Our experimental results on the five different adversarial example generation techniques: FGSM, Deepfool, PGD, BIM and JSMA, depicts the efficiency of our proposed detection technique with upto 97.8% accuracy and very few false positives. The experiments are performed on CICIDS2017 dataset and depict high detection accuracy of adversarial examples.
Current annotation strategies for T cell phenotyping of single-cell RNA-seq data

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has become a popular technique for interrogating the diversity and dynamic nature of cellular gene expression and has numerous advantages in immunology. For example, scRNA-seq, in contrast to bulk RNA sequencing, can discern cellular subtypes within a population, which is important for heterogenous populations such as T cells. Moreover, recent advancements in the technology allow the parallel capturing of the highly diverse T-cell receptor (TCR) sequence with the gene expression. However, the field of single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis is still hampered by a lack of gold-standard cell phenotype annotation. This problem is particularly evident in the case of T cells due to the heterogeneity in both their gene expression and their TCR. While current cell phenotype annotation tools can differentiate major cell populations from each other, labelling T-cell subtypes remains problematic. In this review, we identify the common automated strategy for annotating T cells and their subpopulations, and also describe what crucial information is still missing from these tools.
DNA Content of Various Fluids and Tissues of the Human Body

Due to the scarcity of literature data on the DNA content of different human tissues, this study aimed to isolate DNA from different tissues and fluids of the human body together with the determination of its content in the samples studied. Material was collected and tests were performed between 1990 and 2010, during autopsies performed for prosecutor’s offices in the Department of Forensic Medicine. Goiter and thyroid cancer tissues were obtained from the Department of General Surgery, Gastroenterology and Endocrinology of Wroclaw Medical University. Isolated samples were measured spectrophotometrically, yielding an R 260/280 nm between 1.5 and 1.6. In some cases (when a sufficiently pure preparation could not be obtained), isolation was continued using the silica-based commercial QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen). If the sampling tissues showed signs of decomposition such as bad odour or colour, the results were calibrated by Real-Time PCR, using the Quantifiler DNA assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Applied Biosystems). The results have shown that the maximum amount of genetic material was obtained from hair roots, adrenal glands, gonads and lymph nodes. The lowest DNA content per gram or milliliter of tissue or body fluid was found in adipose tissue, blood, saliva, bile, sweat, tears and the vitreous body of the eye. The presented findings indicate the best sources of high-quality DNA from the human body: gonads, kidneys, muscle (including heart), blood and bones (after decalcification).
Thorax Disease Classification Based on the Convolutional Network SqueezeNet

Chest radiography allows a detailed inspection of a patient's thorax via an imaging modality, but requires specialized training for proper interpretation. With the advent of high performance general purpose image analysis and computer vision algorithms, the accurate automated analysis of chest radiographs is becoming increasingly of interest to researchers. In this paper, we propose a classification algorithm distinguishing between chest radiographs performed on people with or without lung disease. The dataset used as the input to the SqueezeNet neural network is Chest X-ray. The only pre-processing phase applied to the dataset is the resize to 224×224 and the conversion to grayscale. The accuracy percentage obtained during the network testing phase is 94%.
Synthesizing Virtual World Palace Scenes on OpenStreetMap

Virtual worlds have gained significant popularity in recent years, offering immersive experiences and vast opportunities for various applications. With the rapid advancement of computer graphics and virtual reality technologies, the demand for realistic and immersive virtual environments has significantly increased. One critical aspect of virtual world creation is the procedural generation of realistic scenes. Recently, researchers proposed some automatic virtual urban environment synthesis approaches based on OpenStreetMap (OSM), which is a widely-used collaborative mapping platform that provides rich and diverse geospatial datasets. In this paper, we propose a novel technical approach for synthesizing virtual world palace scenes using OSM data. By applying geometry extraction, geometric modeling, and texturing techniques, our proposed approach is able to leverage OSM’s geometric information to generate realistic, immersive, and highly detailed 3D palaces with different architectural styles in the world. In the end, we test our approach to convert modern urban scenes into world palace scenes with different architectural styles within the same urban layout.
Prevalencia de enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias en el servicio de pacientes con necesidades especiales de la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de diagnósticos médicos de las enfermedades infecciosas y/o parasitarias de pacientes que acudieron al servicio de Estomatología en Pacientes Especiales (EPE) de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Material y métodos: La población (n = 38) estuvo conformada por el número de diagnósticos médicos de pacientes con enfermedades infecciosas y/o parasitarias que acudieron al servicio de EPE durante los años 2015 y 2016. La información se trasladó a una base de datos en el programa Excel 2017, para posteriormente ser procesada y analizada de acuerdo con lo requerido por el programa Stata 12. Resultados: De un total de 1718 diagnósticos médicos, las enfermedades infecciosas y/o parasitarias tuvieron una prevalencia de 2,21 % (n = 38). Dentro de este grupo de enfermedades, el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) fue el más prevalente con 63,2 % (n = 24), siendo el sexo masculino el más prevalente con 79 % (n = 19); y dentro del grupo etario de 21 a 40 años de edad, el segundo diagnóstico específico más prevalente fue la hepatitis A con un 15,8 % (n = 6), en donde el sexo femenino fue el más prevalente con 83 % (n = 5). Conclusiones: El diagnóstico específico, dentro del grupo de las enfermedades infecciosas y/o parasitarias, con mayor prevalencia fue el VIH con un 63,2 % (n = 24).
MPFFNet:Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Image Buildings Based on Multipath Feature Fusion

The buildings with variable scales and complex background information in remote sensing images often result in missed and misclassified segmentation of buildings. To address this issue, this paper designs an multipath feature fusion network (MPFFNet). MPFFNet has an overall encoding and decoding structure, embedded with an residual depth Inception block(RDI) module to extract multi-scale features. At the same time, MPFFNet uses the multipath residual channel attention (MPRCA) module to expand the Receptive field of the feature map to obtain rich multi-scale context information. The validity of the proposed algorithm is proved on the WHU Buildings data set, with F1 reaching 94.70%, IOU reaching 89.93%, and Recall reaching 94.98%.
Estimation of physiological exercise thresholds based on dynamical correlation properties of heart rate variability

Aerobic and anaerobic thresholds of the three-zone exercise model are often used to evaluate the exercise intensity and optimize the training load. Conventionally, these thresholds are derived from the respiratory gas exchange or blood lactate concentration measurements. Here, we introduce and validate a computational method based on the RR interval (RRI) dynamics of the heart rate (HR) measurement, which enables a simple, yet reasonably accurate estimation of both metabolic thresholds. The method utilizes a newly developed dynamical detrended fluctuation analysis (DDFA) to assess the real-time changes in the dynamical correlations of the RR intervals during exercise. The training intensity is shown to be in direct correspondence with the time- and scale-dependent changes in the DDFA scaling exponent. These changes are further used in the definition of an individual measure to estimate the aerobic and anaerobic threshold. The results for 15 volunteers who participated in a cyclo-ergometer test are compared to the benchmark lactate thresholds, as well as to the ventilatory threshods and alternative HR-based estimates based on the maximal HR and the conventional detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Our method provides the best overall agreement with the lactate thresholds and provides a promising, cost-effective alternative to conventional protocols, which could be easily integrated in wearable devices. However, detailed statistical analysis reveals the particular strengths and weaknessess of each method with respect to the agreement and consistency with the thresholds—thus underlining the need for further studies with more data.
Wildlife diversity and community structure in northern deciduous forest of Bangladesh

Monitoring wildlife communities in protected areas is pivotal to successful conservation efforts. This study employed a direct observations-based approach to examine the diversity and community structure of wildlife in four protected deciduous national parks (Ramsagar, Birganj, Singra, and Nawabganj) in the northern Dinajpur district of Bangladesh. This study assessed the wildlife assemblage structures by measuring α diversity and β diversity. This research recorded a total of 159 wildlife species under 29 orders. Singra National Park displayed the highest species richness (N=73) and was found to be more diverse (H=3.36 ± 0.16) and even in distribution (J=0.9 ± 0.01). Analysis of Similarity test showed significant differences across all study sites (R=0.5216; p=0.0001). Whittaker Plot ranked Dendrocygna javanica as dominating, species making the community uneven. We found significant differences in species richness among seasons (F2, 9=17.8, p=0.0001). For example, winter and rainy seasons were significantly richer over summer. This study identified profound human intrusions, which could potentially impact wildlife communities in the study area. Our findings underscore the conservation efforts to safeguard the threatened species in the study area. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 47(2); 249-265: December 2023
Toward multi-parameter records (ring width, 13 C, 18 O) from tropical tree-rings - A case study on Tectona grandis from Java, Indonesia

Climate in Indonesia is mainly dominated by the equatorial monsoon system and tends to be linked to ENSO warm events which result in extensive droughts over the Indonesian archipelago (Hackert and Hastenrath 1986). Hence, dendroclimatological studies from this region carry a great potential to improve land-based rainfall proxy records. The potential of tropical tree species as recorders of climate variability has not been fully exploited due to the frequent lack of visible, annual growth rings. However, as one of a few tropical tree species Teak (Tectona grandis) shows distinct annual growths boundaries. In earlier studies ring-width chronologies from Indonesian teak have been established and used for climatic reconstructions (e.g., Berlage 1931; D Arrigo et al. 1994; D Arrigo et al. 2006). Multi-parameter studies, comprising wood anatomy or tree-ring stable isotopes, are still scarce in the tropics and the influence of climate and other environmental factors on tree-ring stable isotope ratios of Indonesian teak has not been studied in detail, yet. Here we present the first stable isotope (C and O) records back to AD 1900 developed from Indonesian teak. These parameters as well as tree-ring width chronologies from the same material were compared with climate data in order to test their potential for climate reconstructions.
A 5G NB-IoT Framework for Secure Transmission and Intelligent Demand-Side Data Analysis in Smart Grids

The concept of the Energy Internet (EI) is a novel approach aimed at enhancing smart grids through the integration of diverse energy sources into a highly flexible and efficient system. In this study, We've looked at how IoT apps are being built to help with things like smart metering, smart cities, and smart homes to help with energy management and smart grids. As the IoT is considered to be a key driving force behind the EI, these applications are viewed as significant areas of interest for the EI concept. Furthermore, we have explored several important research domains, as well as the challenges and issues that must be addressed, and we have identified potential directions for future investigations related to the IoT-based EI concept.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Drift-free humanoid state estimation fusing kinematic, inertial and LIDAR sensing

—This paper describes an algorithm for the probabilistic fusion of sensor data from a variety of modalities (inertial, kinematic and LIDAR) to produce a single consistent position estimate for a walking humanoid. Of speciﬁc interest is our approach for continuous LIDAR-based localization which maintains reliable drift-free alignment to a prior map using a Gaussian Particle Filter. This module can be bootstrapped by constructing the map on-the-ﬂy and performs robustly in a variety of challenging ﬁeld situations. We also discuss a two-tier estimation hierarchy which preserves registration to this map and other objects in the robot’s vicinity while also contributing to direct low-level control of a Boston Dynamics Atlas robot. Extensive experimental demonstrations illustrate how the approach can enable the humanoid to walk over uneven terrain without stopping (for tens of minutes), which would otherwise not be possible. We characterize the performance of the estimator for each sensor modality and discuss the computational requirements.
Parents’ perceptions of affordances for children in nature / La percepción que tienen los padres de las oportunidades para los niños en la naturaleza

Abstract Parents’ actions as either as promoters or as restrictors of affordances depend upon their own perception of the environment in which they identify the affordances that are possible for children to access or not. From this theoretical standpoint, the present study aimed to describe parents’ perception of nature as a place that offers affordances that children may access. In a public park in Florianópolis (Brazil), 105 parents were interviewed face-to-face, guided by open- and closed-ended questions about 26 affordances. The closed-ended questions corresponded to affordances perceived as possible and not possible for children to access in nature. The open-ended questions were about the places in nature where it would be possible for children to access the affordances. The results showed that parents evoked resources as trees, grass and sand, and places such as a lagoon, in a variety of affordances that can be accessed by children. Such results corroborate other studies that have identified the use of nature in children’s play.
Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia

The knowledge development and technology advancement have encouraged the use of technology in teaching and learning process. In order to provide an effective learning process, the utiliza - tion of technology should be maximized as a teaching media. Vocabulary cards are teaching media that are used to improve basic level BIPA students by using those vocabulary as a topic discussed and topic of conversation. This research uses Classroom Action Research design that is focused on the implementation of vocabulary flashcards. Wardhani (2008: pp. 14) explains that the classroom action research is a research conducted by teachers in order to improve both the teacher’s per formance and learning outcomes. Basically, teaching media is categorized into two; linier media and interactive or multimedia media. Linier media is defined as a media that is not required a controller. Meanwhile, interactive media is equipped with a controller that can respond to user input. As a result, the use of interactive media can facilitate the language learning and teaching process in order to improve language skills, especially for vocabulary building in Bahasa Indonesia. Hence, the use of vocabulary flashcard is expected to support the teaching and learning process and improving Bahasa Indonesia mastery for BIPA students in many ways including (a) facilitating the learners to memorize basic vocabulary, (b) stimulating the learners to produce sentences in speaking, and (c) decreasing the use of incorrect vocabulary and structures in speaking .
Measuring Relationship Changes During COVID-19

This study draws on data gathered from an undergraduate student sample to understand perceptions of how the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic impacted relationship functioning and how those perceptions are associated with current individual and relational well-being. Drawing on the stress process model and life course theory, we surveyed an online sample of 160 undergraduate students enrolled in Canadian universities who were in an intimate relationship during the onset of the pandemic (March 2020). Results showed that the three most common areas of couple functioning that were affected by the pandemic were time spent together, communication, and their sex lives. Those who reported the pandemic having a greater positive impact on their relationship reported higher life satisfaction, positive affect, positive relationship quality, and relationship confidence compared to those who reported the pandemic having less of a positive impact on their relationship. Results are consistent with other findings on intimate relationships during the early days of the pandemic.
Determining the effectiveness of stress management program by using hair cortisol concentration

Many studies have shown that healthcare workers are exposed to higher levels of stress than other occupations. However, little research has been conducted on the use of biomarker tools to assess chronic stress and assess the effectiveness of stress management programs for healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness of a Stress Management Program by measuring Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) scores and hair cortisol concentration (HCC) levels of healthcare workers in public healthcare facilities. This study was a three-group, quasi-experiment study with pre- and post-study assessment sessions. A total of 119 healthcare workers (28 from Group A, 21 from Group B, and 70 from Group C) were followed for 6 months. Significant favorable intervention effects on DASS-21 scores were found in Group A (Effect size =0.6) as compared to Group B (Effect size=0.2) and Group C (Effect size =02) at the end of the program. Time and group interaction effects were examined using the repeated measure ANOVA test in which there was a significant group *time interaction and effect size of 0.2 (p-value <0.01) across all the groups with a reduction in hair cortisol concentrations following the program. The study showed that stress management under healthy communities, building the nation (KOSPEN PLUS) program was successful in reducing stress levels, as seen through a decrease in both stress scores and hair cortisol levels. This is the first study in Malaysia to use hair cortisol as a biomarker for stress management, suggesting its reliability.