Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact Assessment of The Covid-19 Pandemic on Service Performance of Sofia Airport

The main objective of the research presented in the paper is to examine the impact of the COVID pandemic on the volume of passenger and freight traffic and the quality of the services provided by Sofia Airport, as well as to examine the factors influencing the demand for air freight transport and the extent of their impact. The authors focus on using two approaches, namely SERVPERF and SERVQUAL, in studying factors influencing the demand for transport. The study analyses a system of indicators with independent influences on the demand for air transport, but they are all related to the development of macroeconomic indicators at the national level under the influence of the COVID pandemic. The study of the impact of the pandemic on the service performance and quality of services provided by Sofia Airport allows us to predict the volume of transport activity and to plan the activities of airlines and ground operators, their transport capacity, as well as the need for adopting measures for recovery of the airport from the negative impacts of the pandemic and the necessary investments in airport facilities. The authors argue that evaluating the service performance and the quality of services could contribute to developing appropriate measures for recovery. They summarized appropriate measures based on the leading quality indicators for air transport services. Keywords: Air Transport, Impact Assessment, COVID pandemic, Service Performance, Service Quality.
Moderate galaxy–galaxy lensing

We study moderate gravitational lensing where a background galaxy is magnified substantially, but not multiply imaged, by an intervening galaxy. We focus on the case where both the lens and source are elliptical galaxies. The signatures of moderate lensing include isophotal distortions and systematic shifts in the Fundamental Plane and Kormendy relation, which can potentially be used to statistically determine the galaxy mass profiles. These effects are illustrated using Monte Carlo simulations of galaxy pairs where the foreground galaxy is modelled as a singular isothermal sphere model and observational parameters appropriate for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. The range in radius probed by moderate lensing will be larger than that by strong lensing, and is in the interesting regime where the density slope may be changing.
An alternative to the Euler--Maclaurin formula: Approximating sums by integrals only

The Euler--Maclaurin (EM) summation formula is used in many theoretical studies and numerical calculations. It approximates the sum $\sum_{k=0}^{n-1} f(k)$ of values of a function $f$ by a linear combination of a corresponding integral of $f$ and values of its higher-order derivatives $f^{(j)}$. An alternative (Alt) summation formula is proposed, which approximates the sum by a linear combination of integrals only, without using high-order derivatives of $f$. Explicit and rather easy to use bounds on the remainder are given. Possible extensions to multi-index summation are suggested. Applications to summing possibly divergent series are presented. It is shown that the Alt formula will in most cases outperform, or greatly outperform, the EM formula in terms of the execution time and memory use. One of the advantages of the Alt calculations is that, in contrast with the EM ones, they can be almost completely parallelized. Illustrative examples are given. In one of the examples, where an array of values of the Hurwitz generalized zeta function is computed with high accuracy, it is shown that both our implementation of the EM formula and, especially, the Alt formula perform much faster than the built-in Mathematica command HurwitzZeta[].
Maxwell’s Equal Area Law and the Hawking-Page Phase Transition

We study the phases of a Schwarzschild black hole in the Anti-deSitter background geometry. Exploiting fluid/gravity duality, we construct the Maxwell equal area isotherm in the temperature-entropy plane, in order to eliminate negative heat capacity BHs. The construction we present here is reminiscent of the isobar cut in the pressure-volume plane which eliminates unphysical part of the Van der Walls curves below the critical temperature. Our construction also modifies the Hawking-Page phase transition. Stable BHs are formed at the temperature , while pure radiation persists for . turns out to be below the standard Hawking-Page temperature and there are no unstable BHs as in the usual scenario. Also, we show that, in order to reproduce the correct BH entropy , one has to write a black hole equation of state, that is, , in terms of the geometrical volume .
Analysis of molecular resistance to azole and echinocandin in Candida species in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis

Background and Purpose: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is considered the most common mucosal infection caused by Candida species. Azoles were considered the first-line treatment for VVC or recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) in both healthy and immunocompromised populations. Recently, azole-resistant isolates, especially among non-albicans Candida samples have been encountered. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida spp. isolated from VVC or RVVC patients and assess the molecular resistance mechanism of Candida spp. to azole and echinocandin. Materials and Methods: Point mutation analysis was performed on the ERG11 and FKS candidate genes of azole- and caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans and Candida glabrata isolates. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to gain insight into the differential expression of ERG11 mRNA. Results: Variations in the amino acid D116E were observed in fluconazole- and itraconazole-resistant C. albicans strains, and changes in amino acid E517Q were observed only in fluconazole-resistant C. albicans strains. No polymorphisms were observed in the complete sequence alignment of the ERG11 gene in one azole-resistant C. glabrata isolate. The mutation triggered the changes in the amino acid serine in the reference gene FKS1 by the leucine at position 642 (S642L) of the isolates. Conclusion: In patients with persistent or recurrent infection, the choice of an antifungal agent is often challenging and requires monitoring of the antifungal susceptibility of the colonizing strain. C. albicans and C. glabrata isolates can be resistant to azole and caspofungin antifungal agents without mutations in the ERG 11 and HS1 regions of the FKS1 gene.
Asymptotically Efficient Quantum Karatsuba Multiplication

We improve the space complexity of Karatsuba multiplication on a quantum computer from $O(n^{1.427})$ to $O(n)$ while maintaining $O(n^{\lg 3})$ gate complexity. We achieve this by ensuring recursive calls can add their outputs directly into subsections of the output register. This avoids the need to store, and uncompute, intermediate results. This optimization, which is analogous to classical tail-call optimization, should be applicable to a wide range of recursive quantum algorithms.
Topological model of the anemone microflares in the solar chromosphere

Context. The chromospheric anemone microflares, which were discovered by Hinode satellite about a decade ago, are specific transient phenomena starting from a few luminous ribbons on the chromospheric surface and followed by an eruption upward. While the eruptive stage was studied in sufficient detail, a quantitative theory of formation of the initial multi-ribbon structure remains undeveloped until now. Aims. We construct a sufficiently simple but general model of the magnetic field sources that is able to reproduce all the observed types of luminous ribbons by varying only a single parameter. Methods. As a working tool, we employed the Gorbachev–Kel’ner–Somov–Shvarts (GKSS) model of the magnetic field, which was originally suggested about three decades ago to explain fast ignition of the magnetic reconnection over considerable spatial scales by tiny displacements of the magnetic sources. Quite unexpectedly, this model turns out to be efficient for the description of generic multi-ribbon structures in the anemone flares as well. Results. As follows from our numerical simulation, displacement of a single magnetic source (sunspot) with respect to three other sources results in a complex transformation from three to four ribbons and then again to three ribbons, but with an absolutely different arrangement. Such structures closely resemble the observed patterns of emission in the anemone microflares.
Search for exoplanets and brown dwarfs with VLBI

The main aim of this work is to estimate possible radio GHz emission of extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs and to check if such radiation can be detected by Very Large Baseline Interferometers (VLBI). In the estimation we assume that the emission may originate in processes similar to those observed in the Jupiter system. The frequency of the radio emission that is produced in this system depends mostly on the magnetic field strength. Jupiter's magnetic field ($\sim 9$ G on average) allows for radiation from kHz frequencies up to 40 MHz. This is well below the frequency range of VLBI. However, it was demonstrated that the magnetic field strength in massive and young object may be up to two orders of magnitude higher than for Jupiter, which is especially relevant for planets around short-lived A type stars. This should extend the range of the emission up to GHz frequencies. We calculated expected flux densities of radio emission for a variety of hypothetical young planetary systems. We analysed two different emission scenarios, and found that the radiation induced by moons (process similar to Jupiter-Io interactions) appears to be less efficient than the emission generated by a stellar wind on a planetary magnetosphere. We also estimated hypothetical emission of planets and brown dwarfs located around relatively young and massive main sequence A-type stars. Our results show that the emission produced by stellar winds could be detected by currently operating VLBI networks.
Is CGCS 5926 a symbiotic X-ray binary?

We report on multiwavelength (X-ray to optical) follow-up observations of the carbon star CGCS 5926. These were motivated by the fact that this star is positionally coincident with a faint X-ray emitting object belonging to the ROSAT catalog of sources, thus suggesting a possible symbiotic X-ray binary (SyXB) nature for it. Our spectrophotometric optical data confirm the giant carbon star nature of the object and allow us to classify its spectral type as C(6,2). This classification places CGCS 5926 at a distance of ∼5 kpc from Earth. BVRCIC photometry of the star shows that it displays a variability of ∼0.3 mag on timescales of months, with the star getting bluer when its brightness increases. Our photometric data indicate a periodicity of 151 days, which we explain as due to radial pulsations of CGCS 5926 on the basis of its global characteristics. The source is not detected at X-rays with Swift/XRT down to a0 . 3−10 keV band luminosity of ≈3 × 10 32 erg s −1 . This nondetection is apparently in contrast with the ROSAT data; however we show that, even if the probability that CGCS 5926 can be a SyXB appears quite low, the present information does not completely rule out such a possibility, while it makes other interpretations even more unlikely if we assume that the ROSAT detection was real. This issue might thus be settled by future, more sensitive, observations at high energies.
Temperature dependence of the resonance and low-energy spin excitations in superconducting FeTe0.6Se0.4

We use inelastic neutron scattering to study the temperature dependence of the low-energy spin excitations in single crystals of superconducting FeTe0.6Se0. 4 (T-c = 14 K). In the low-temperature superconducting state, the imaginary part of the dynamic susceptibility at the electron and hole Fermi-surfaces nesting wave vector Q = (0.5, 0.5), chi '' (Q, omega), has a small spin gap, a two-dimensional neutron spin resonance above the spin gap, and increases linearly with increasing (h) over bar omega for energies above the resonance. While the intensity of the resonance decreases like an order parameter with increasing temperature and disappears at temperature slightly above T-c, the energy of the mode is weakly temperature dependent and vanishes concurrently above T-c. This suggests that in spite of its similarities with the resonance in electron-doped superconducting BaFe2-x (Co, Ni)(x)As-2, the mode in FeTe0.6Se0. 4 is not directly associated with the superconducting electronic gap.
ELABORATION OF WHOLE BODY VIBRATION

In this review, we first discussed the method of action as well as the influence aspects of whole-body vibration training. We also discussed what is whole body vibration, what are its effect and uses in different conditions, how it works, benefits of using whole body vibration. This review work gives us idea about current knowledge of effect and uses of whole body vibration in physiotherapy, sports, and medical aspects, also how WBV is used in different conditions (like- Knee osteoarthritis , Knee Extensor Tendon Stiffness in Hemi paretic Stroke Patients, osteoporosis, muscle spasticity of people with CNS disorders etc). This revive also states that work on a shaking programme are secured, practicable, and agreed by patients with various conditions, except its ultimate effects.
Tidal evolution of close-in giant planets : Evidence of Type II migration?

It is well accepted that ‘hot Jupiters’ and other short-period planets did not form in situ, as the temperature in the protoplanetary disc at the radius at which they now orbit would have been too high for planet formation to have occurred. These planets, instead, form at larger radii and then move into the region in which they now orbit. The exact process that leads to the formation of these close-in planets is, however, unclear and it seems that there may be more than one mechanism that can produce these short-period systems. Dynamical interactions in multiple-planet systems can scatter planets into highly eccentric orbits which, if the pericentre is sufficiently close to the parent star, can be tidally circularised by tidal interactions between the planet and star. Furthermore, systems with distant planetary or stellar companions can undergo Kozai cycles which can result in a planet orbiting very close to its parent star. However, the most developed model for the origin of short period planets is one in which the planet exchanges angular momentum with the surrounding protoplanetary disc and spirals in towards the central star. In the case of ‘hot Jupiters’, the planet is expected to open a gap in the disc and migrate in, what is known as, the Type II regime. If this is the dominant mechanism for producing ‘hot Jupiters’ then we would expect the currect properties of observed close-in giant planets to be consistent with an initial population resulting from Type II migration followed by evolution due to tidal interactions with the central star. We consider initial distributions that are consistent with Type II migration and find that after tidal evolution, the final distributions can be consistent with that observed. Our results suggest that a modest initial pile-up at a � 0.05 au is required and that the initial eccentricity distribution must peak at e � 0. We also suggest that if higher-mass close-in exoplanets preferentially have higher eccentricities than lower-mass exoplanets, this difference is primordial and is not due to subsequent evolution.
DELAYED ONSET OF HIGH-ENERGY EMISSIONS IN LEPTONIC AND HADRONIC MODELS OF GAMMA-RAY BURSTS

The temporal–spectral evolution of the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts is simulated numerically for both leptonic and hadronic models. For weak enough magnetic fields, leptonic models can reproduce the few seconds delay of the onset of GeV photon emission observed by Fermi-LAT, due to the slow growth of the target photon field for inverse Compton scattering. For stronger magnetic fields, the GeV delay can be explained with hadronic models, due to the long acceleration timescale of protons and the continuous photopion production after the end of the particle injection. While the FWHMs of the MeV and GeV light curves are almost the same in one-zone leptonic models, the FWHMs of the 1–30 GeV light curves in hadronic models are significantly wider than those of the 0.1–1 MeV light curves. The amount of the GeV delay depends on the importance of the Klein–Nishina effect in both the leptonic and hadronic models. In our examples of hadronic models the energies of the escaped neutrons are comparable to the gamma-ray energy, although their contribution to the ultra high-energy cosmic rays is still subdominant. The resulting neutrino spectra are hard enough to avoid the flux limit constraint from IceCube. The delay of the neutrino emission onset is up to several times longer than the corresponding delay of the GeV photon emission onset. The quantitative differences in the light curves for various models may be further tested with future atmospheric Cerenkov telescopes whose effective area is larger than that of Fermi-LAT, such as CTA.
Topological and symmetry broken phases of ZN parafermions in one dimension

We classify the gapped phases of ZN parafermions in one dimension and construct a representative of each phase. Even in the absence of additional symmetries besides parafermionic parity, parafermions may be realized in a variety of phases, one for each divisor n of N. The phases can be characterized by spontaneous symmetry breaking, topology, or a mixture of the two. Purely topological phases arise if n is a unitary divisor, i.e. if n and N/n are co-prime. Our analysis is based on the explicit realization of all symmetry broken gapped phases in the dual ZN-invariant quantum spin chains.
Rado's Conjecture and its Baire version

Rado’s Conjecture is a compactness/reflection principle that says any nonspecial tree of height [Formula: see text] has a nonspecial subtree of size [Formula: see text]. Though incompatible with Martin’s Axiom, Rado’s Conjecture turns out to have many interesting consequences that are also implied by certain forcing axioms. In this paper, we obtain consistency results concerning Rado’s Conjecture and its Baire version. In particular, we show that a fragment of [Formula: see text], which is the forcing axiom for Baire Indestructibly Proper forcings, is compatible with the Baire Rado’s Conjecture. As a corollary, the Baire Rado’s Conjecture does not imply Rado’s Conjecture. Then we discuss the strength and limitations of the Baire Rado’s Conjecture regarding its interaction with stationary reflection principles and some families of weak square principles. Finally, we investigate the influence of Rado’s Conjecture on some polarized partition relations.
Spousal dependence and intergenerational transmission of body mass index

ABSTRACT Obesity and overweight have become increasingly prevalent in developing countries like China. This paper explores the evolvement of body mass index (BMI) of the Chinese population using a nationally representative sample. Focusing on familial transmission of BMI, we model married couple’s BMI jointly and explore how parents’ BMI affect children’s BMI. In particular, we use spousal and parental characteristics as proxy variables to account for potential omitted variables bias and explicitly model common couple effect with the correlated random-effects model for couple’ BMI. Our analysis suggests strong and positive spousal dependence and intergenerational transmissions of BMI in Chinese families. The influences of spousal BMI, parental BMI and a variety of social economic characteristics are found to depend on gender, region of residence (urban versus rural) and evolve over time. We find positive effects of spousal BMI that are significant, asymmetric (greater for wife than for husband), and generally vary across regions. For grown children, we find parental BMI to be the most important predictors for children’s BMI. Since families can play an essential role in preventing obesity, our results can be useful for developing health intervention programs and promoting healthy lifestyle.
Anxiety and Depression among Men Undergoing Treatment for Infertility - A Clinic Based Study

Background: Anxiety and depression are major psychological issues that infertile couples face. Most of the studies on this subject have been done with reference to women. Objectives: To study whether the male partners in infertile couples suffer from anxiety and depression. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 253 men of couples undergoing infertility treatment in Pattambi, Kerala. Socio demographic data Sheet, Sinha Anxiety Scale and becks depression inventory are used as measures. Results: Depression - 5.5% severe, 9.1% moderate, 15.8% mild and 69.6% minimal. Age, education status, economic activity (occupation), duration of married life, infertility factor (Male, Female, Combined and unexplained) and religion do not show any correlation with the level of Depression. Anxiety - 0.4% show high level, 26.5% medium level. 73.1% low level. Age, occupation (economic activity), duration of married life, infertility factors or religion don’t show any relationship with anxiety.Educational levels influence the level of anxiety. Lower educational levels result in higher levels of anxiety. Anxiety and Depression levels show a direct positive correlation. Conclusion: Psycho socially infertility affects not only women but men also. This study shows that among infertile couples men also suffer from anxiety and depression.
Self-referencing a continuous-wave laser with electro-optic modulation

We phase-coherently measure the frequency of continuous-wave (CW) laser light by use of optical-phase modulation and f-2f nonlinear interferometry. Periodic electro-optic modulation (EOM) transforms the CW laser into a continuous train of picosecond optical pulses. Subsequent nonlinear-fiber broadening of this EOM frequency comb produces a supercontinuum with 160 THz of bandwidth. A critical intermediate step is optical filtering of the EOM comb to reduce electronic-noise-induced decoherence of the supercontinuum. Applying f-2f self-referencing with the supercontinuum yields the carrier-envelope offset frequency of the EOM comb, which is precisely the difference of the CW laser frequency and an exact integer multiple of the EOM pulse repetition rate. Here we demonstrate absolute optical frequency metrology and synthesis applications of the self-referenced CW laser with <5E-14 fractional accuracy and stability.
Genetic algorithm-based multi-objective optimization model for software bugs prediction

The accuracy and reliability of software are critical factors for consideration in the operation of any electronic or computing device. Although, there exist several conventional methods of software bugs prediction which depend solely on static code metrics without syntactic structures or semantic information of programs which are more appropriate for developing accurate predictive models. In this paper, software bugs are predicted using a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based multi-objective optimization model implemented in MATLAB on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) dataset comprising thirty-eight distinct factors reduced to six (6) major factors via the use of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm with SPSS, after which a linear regression equation was derived. The developed GA- based multi-objective optimization model was well-tried and tested. The accuracy and sensitivity level were also analyzed for successful bug detection. The results for optimal values ranging from 95% to 97% were recorded at an average accuracy of 96.4% derived through MATLAB-implemented measures of critical similarities. The research findings reveal that the model hereto proposed will provide an effective solution to the problem of predicting buggy software in general circulation.