Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Educational Resources Broker System for Collaborative Sharing of Knowledge-Centric Content

Widespread connectivity of the internet over PCs and Laptops has increased the use of the World Wide Web for educational purposes. There are educational resources broker systems based on educational meta-data standards, which search, locate and deliver educational resources. In this paper, we justify the need of a broker system that can also provide collaborative sharing of educational resources, along with knowledge representation behind those educational resources among and within educational institutions. This system especially caters to two usage scenarios: (a) one where it will assist students in locating resources and (b) one where it will assist students in exploring the concepts behind a given educational resource. We have described the system's functional and process architecture and provided some screens of the implemented system for both contributors and users. Finally, the system's educational implications are stated as summery of benefits along with future directions.
Photonic Crystal-Based Sensing and Imaging of Potassium Ions

We report on a method for selective optical sensing and imaging of potassium ions using a sandwich assembly composed of layers of photonic crystals and an ion-selective membrane. This represents a new scheme for sensing ions in that an ionic strength-sensitive photonic crystal hydrogel layer is combined with a K+-selective membrane. The latter consists of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) doped with the K+-selective ion carrier, valinomycin. The film has a red color if immersed into plain water, but is green in 5 mM KCl and purple at KCl concentrations of 100 mM or higher. This 3D photonic crystal sensor responds to K+ ions in the 1 to 50 mM concentration range (which includes the K+ concentration range encountered in blood) and shows high selectivity over ammonium and sodium ions. Sensor films were also imaged with a digital camera by exploiting the RGB technique.
The effects of walking speed on target acquisition on a touchscreen interface

Studies have reported negative effects of walking on mobile human---computer interaction when compared to standing or sitting. However, the quantitative relationship between walking speed and user performance is unknown. In the study described here, we varied walking speed on a treadmill and measured effects on discrete aiming movements on a touchscreen interface. Their relationship was found to be non-linear with a local optimum: when walking at 40--80% of one's preferred walking speed (PWS), target acquisition performance plateaus, indicating optimal trade-off between speed and interaction. Accelerometer data showed that, despite increasing hand oscillation, users were able to maintain stable interaction performance at 74% of PWS. Interestingly, this speed coincides with the speed users spontaneously walk when interacting with a mobile device.
Automatic generation of systemc transactors from graphical FSM

To specify, design, and implement complex system-on-chip (SoC), a new modeling method, transaction level modeling (TLM), has been proposed recently. TLM allows designers to focus on functionality while abstracting implementation details. At the register transfer level (RTL), however, different modules communicate through detailed pin level signaling. SoC design methodologies involve the integration of different intellectual property (IP) blocks modeled at different levels of abstraction. Therefore a special module or channel is needed in order to link modules, IPs, designed at different abstraction levels. This module, called transactor, can be modeled using a finite state machine (FSM) providing a functional specification of the protocol's behavior. In this paper, we propose a methodology to specify transactors using graphical finite state machine (FSM). This technique enables an automatic generation of SystemC TLM-RTL transactors via an intermediate translation of the user-defined FSM to the Abstract State Machines Language (AsmL). The UTOPIA standard protocol is provided as an illustration of this approach.
Volleyball coaches behavior assessment through systematic observation

The purpose of this study was to record and evaluate the practice behaviors of 12 Greek Volleyball National Division coaches, mean age 47.36 (SD=6.1) through feedback that they provided to their athletes throughout the 2010-11 seasons. Verbal and non verbal behaviors were video recorded during four practices, of each coach. A total of 13.400 behaviors were observed and were coded using the Revised Coaching Behavior Recording Form which corresponded to the 12 categories of the instrument. The analyses of videotaped behaviors were made by two trained observers who were checked in the internal and external reliability. Results indicated that there were 279.11 coded coaching behaviors in each training session. A large proportion of reported coaching behaviors 17.38% (n=48.34) were about "Tactical Instruction", followed by "General Instruction" 15.92% (n=44.45) and "Technical Instruction" 12.42% (n=34.68). "Encouragement" and "Motivation" were 10.76% and 10.73% respectively. "Other Comments" (8.67%) and "Demonstration" (8.26%) were in lower rate. ANOVA revealed that there were not differences between 1st and 2nd division coaching behavior, instead of "Criticism" (p < 0.05) with 2nd division coaches have more comments and "Non verbal reward" (p < 0.05) which 1st division coaches were used more often.
WORKING PAPER No . 07 / 2006 DIFFERENTIAL TIME AND MONEY PRICING AS A MECHANSIM FOR IN-KIND REDISTRIBUTION

We propose a mechanism to implement the distributional goal of “specific egalitarianism”, or that allocation of a good be independent of income, but increasing in relative strength of preference or need. Governments could offer the good at multiple “outlets” that charge different money and time prices. Individuals would self-select between outlets based on time opportunity cost. We show conditions under which differential pricing achieves specific egalitarianism more efficiently than uniform public provision funded from income tax, with or without optional private purchase. Differential pricing becomes more efficient than uniform provision as 1) the relative importance of the good rises, 2) the elasticity of substitution between goods falls, 3) variation in preferences increases and 4) income inequality rises or the proportion of the poor falls.
Estimating the Heavy Tail Index from Scaling

This paper deals with the estimation of the tail index for empirical heavy-tailed distributions, such as have been encountered in telecommunication systems. We present a method (called the \scaling estimator") based on the scaling properties of sums of heavy-tailed random variables. It has the advantages of being nonparametric, of being easy to apply, of yielding a single value, and of being relatively accurate on synthetic datasets. Since the method relies on the scaling of sums, it measures a property that is often one of the most important eeects of heavy-tailed behavior. Most importantly, we present evidence that the scaling estimator appears to increase in accuracy as the size of the dataset grows. It is thus particularly suited for large datasets, as are increasingly encountered in measurements of telecommunications and computing systems.
Privacy-Enhanced Methods for Comparing Compressed DNA Sequences

In this paper, we study methods for improving the efficiency and privacy of compressed DNA sequence comparison computations, under various querying scenarios. For instance, one scenario involves a querier, Bob, who wants to test if his DNA string, $Q$, is close to a DNA string, $Y$, owned by a data owner, Alice, but Bob does not want to reveal $Q$ to Alice and Alice is willing to reveal $Y$ to Bob \emph{only if} it is close to $Q$. We describe a privacy-enhanced method for comparing two compressed DNA sequences, which can be used to achieve the goals of such a scenario. Our method involves a reduction to set differencing, and we describe a privacy-enhanced protocol for set differencing that achieves absolute privacy for Bob (in the information theoretic sense), and a quantifiable degree of privacy protection for Alice. One of the important features of our protocols, which makes them ideally suited to privacy-enhanced DNA sequence comparison problems, is that the communication complexity of our solutions is proportional to a threshold that bounds the cardinality of the set differences that are of interest, rather than the cardinality of the sets involved (which correlates to the length of the DNA sequences). Moreover, in our protocols, the querier, Bob, can easily compute the set difference only if its cardinality is close to or below a specified threshold.
Trade-offs in a Tempest: Stakeholder Influence on Hurricane Evacuation Decisions

Stakeholders often control vital resources for decision makers, and this can lead decision makers to take stakeholder opinions into account when making important decisions. This process can be complicated by a number of factors. First, many important decisions involve risk and uncertainty. When the outcome is uncertain, how does a decision maker take the views of stakeholders into account? Second, many decision makers are accountable to multiple different stakeholder groups with different preferences. How do these heterogeneous stakeholder groups affect the process of decision making? More generally, do these stakeholder considerations lead to decisions that are not socially optimal? We explore these and related questions by focusing on a specific type of high-stakes decision making in a context featuring significant risk and heterogeneous stakeholders—the decision to evacuate a community during the threat of a hurricane hitting land. There is research on weather forecasting techniques and individual evacuation behavior; however, there is no research on the behavior of local officials in making hurricane evacuation decisions. These decisions provide an excellent context for an exploration into the specific processes by which stakeholder considerations may affect the process of decision making.This study offers a simple model of the process underlying evacuation decision making. The model focuses on how the evacuation threshold is set based on the anticipated costs of Type I versus Type II errors. We then use the model—supplemented with rich qualitative and quantitative data—to offer a series of propositions about the conditions under which nonsocially optimal evacuation decisions may be made. This paper contributes to the literature on decision making by offering a simple model that integrates decision making and stakeholder considerations and by offering specific and novel propositions about this integration.
Design Opportunity Tree of Capability Improve for Level-up and Software Process Improvement

There are many risk items of the project development that cause the process maturity level occurring in the quality problems during process management and project progress. This paper designs the opportunity tree that level-up the current environments and their problems solution as well. For the similar projects, we can estimate defects and prepare to solve them by using domain expert knowledge and the opportunity tree, which can greatly improve the software process. And this paper reference ISO/IEC 15504 as the international standard. Also, this paper is intended to develop the relationship between process improvement and their causes to introduce. Therefore, using defect causes, we understand the associated relationship between AHP and design opportunity tree to level-up.
Gamma-Ray Pulsars and Massive Stars in the Solar Neighborhood

We revisit the association of unidentified Galactic plane EGRET sources with tracers of recent massive star formation and death. Up-to-date catalogs of OB associations, supernova remnants (SNRs), young pulsars, H II regions, and young open clusters were used in finding counterparts for a recent list of EGRET sources. It has been argued for some time that EGRET source positions are correlated with SNRs and OB associations as a class; we extend such analyses by finding additional counterparts and assessing the probability of individual source identifications. Among the several scenarios relating EGRET sources to massive stars, we focus on young neutron stars as the origin of the γ-ray emission. The characteristics of the candidate identifications are compared to the known γ-ray pulsar sample and to detailed Galactic population syntheses using our outer gap pulsar model of γ-ray emission. Both the spatial distribution and luminosity function of the candidates are in good agreement with the model predictions; we infer that young pulsars can account for essentially all of the excess low latitude EGRET sources. We show that with this identification, the γ-ray point sources provide an important new window into the history of recent massive star death in the solar neighborhood.
Adversarial Biometric Recognition : A review on biometric system security from the adversarial machine-learning perspective

In this article, we review previous work on biometric security under a recent framework proposed in the field of adversarial machine learning. This allows us to highlight novel insights on the security of biometric systems when operating in the presence of intelligent and adaptive attackers that manipulate data to compromise normal system operation. We show how this framework enables the categorization of known and novel vulnerabilities of biometric recognition systems, along with the corresponding attacks, countermeasures, and defense mechanisms. We report two application examples, respectively showing how to fabricate a more effective face spoofing attack, and how to counter an attack that exploits an unknown vulnerability of an adaptive face-recognition system to compromise its face templates.
Broadcast Channel Coding with Multiple Transmit Antennae

A vehicle towbar assembly includes a pair of face plates fastened to the towbar frame and abutting the front bumper of a towed vehicle. A slide adjustment member secured to the face plate rests on the top of the bumper to hold the towbar frame up. Tow chains are used to secure the vehicle frame to the towbar frame. The slide adjustment member has a body portion and a T-shaped slot defined by a pair of fingers which extend from the body portion of the adjustment member. The face plate is disposed within the slot with the fingers encompassing the face plate. When the slide adjustment member is substantially perpendicular to the face plate, the adjustment member will readily slide up and down on the face plate. When the slide adjustment member is canted on the face plate, the face plate will bind in the slide and remain in a fixed position.
Insights into the role of iron in immature rat model of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury

This study aimed to investigate the role of iron in the occurrence and development of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) in immature rat models using 3-day-old Sprague Dawley rats. Normal control (NC), hypoxic-ischemic (HI), anemia, HI + ischemia, early iron treatment and late iron treatment groups were established. Rat brain tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and pathologically evaluated. Iron content and mRNA expression levels of iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) and transferrin receptor in the brain tissues were measured. Ultrastructural changes in the actin, microtubules, myelin and mitochondria of oligodendrocytes and axons were examined by electron microscopy. Numbers of viable myelin sheaths and oligodendrocytes in the periventricular area were also observed. Pathological damage of brain tissue in the HI group was markedly increased compared with that in the NC group. Furthermore, there was a higher iron content and reduced number of viable oligodendrocytes in the periventricular area of the HI group compared with the NC group. No significant difference in iron content was observed between the HI + anemia and NC groups. The number of viable oligodendrocytes in the HI + anemia group was increased compared with that in the HI group, and the number in the HI + anemia group with late iron treatment was lower compared with that in the NC group and increased compared with that in the HI + anemia group. Electron microscopy revealed a significantly higher number of myelin sheaths in the HI + anemia group than in the HI group. IRP2 mRNA expression levels in the brain tissues were significantly decreased in the HI + anemia group compared with the HI group. The results suggest that anemia may reduce the rate of increase of iron content of the brain following HI. However, the early occurrence of anemia may protect against HIBI.
Modeling Tumor Growth for Kidney Cancer Based on Nuclei Clusters of Pathology Slides

—Descriptive features of nuclei positions from tumor tissue samples are studied to construct mathematical models for tumor growth. Extracted from kidney cancer patients, tumorous tissue pieces are implanted in the flanks of mice to measure the course of tumor mass, which are then sampled on glass slides. H&E slides are digitized under light microscope and analyzed to identify the structure of nuclei positions. Using k-means clustering method, the nuclei locations of each H&E slide are evaluated. The cluster features are used as inputs to our artificial intelligence based personalized tumor growth parameter computation method, called PReP-C. The exponential linear tumor growth model parameters and the corresponding growth curves computed by PReP-C are compared to the preclinical tumor volume measurements. The correlation between the computed results and the measurements from 14 H&E pathology slides is encouraging to build personalized mathematical models for tumor growth.
Unwanted SMTP Paths and Relays

Based on the social interactions of an email user, incoming email traffic can be divided into different categories such as, telemarketing, Opt-in family members and friends. Due to a lack of knowledge in the different categories, most of the existing spam filters are prone to high false positives and false negatives. Moreover, a majority of the spammers obfuscate their email content inorder to circumvent the content-based spam filters. However, they do not have access to all the fields in the email header. Our classification method is based on the path traversed by email (instead of content analysis) since we believe that spammers cannot forge all the fields in the email header. We based our classification on three kinds of analyses on the header: i) EndToEnd path analysis, which tries to establish the legitimacy of the path taken by an email and classifies them as either spam or non-spam; ii) Relay analysis, which verifies the trustworthiness of the relays participating in the relaying of emails; iii) Emails wantedness analysis, which measure the recipients wantedness of the senders emails. We use the IMAP message status flags such as, message has been read, deleted, answered, flagged, and draft as an implicit feed back from the user in Emails wantedness analysis. Finally we classify the incoming emails as i) socially close (such as, legitimate emails from family, and friends), ii) socially distinct emails from strangers, iii) spam emails (for example, emails from telemarketers, and spammers) and iv) opt-in emails. Based on the relation between spamminess of the path taken by spam emails and the unwantedness values of the spammers, we classify spammers as i) prospective spammers, ii) suspects, iii) recent spammers and iv) serial spammers. Overall, our method resulted in far less false positives compared to current filters like SpamAssassin. We achieved a precision of 98.65% which is better than the precisions achieved by SPF and DNSBL blacklists.
General Automatic Learning Mail Filtering System

There is a lack of general mail filtering system, which is not only compatible with several content-based filtering methods but also can realize automatic learning function by mail client. In this connection, this paper proposes GALMFS (general automatic learning mail filtering system). GALMFS realizes general design of mail filtering system through separating content-based filtering methods from mail filtering system. And it achieves automatic learning function of mail filtering system. Furthermore, it uses thread pool technology and windows overlapped I/O events communication pattern to keep efficient and stable communication between mail client and mail server. Experiments show that GALMFS can improve accuracy in spam filtering constantly by automatic learning function and meet filtering requirement of users.
Global modes for the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation

Linear global modes, which are time-harmonic solutions with vanishing boundary conditions, are analysed in the context of the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation with slowly varying coefficients in doubly infinite domains. The most unstable modes are shown to be characterized by the geometry of their Stokes line network: they are found to generically correspond to a configuration with two turning points issued from opposite sides of the real axis which are either merged or connected by a common Stokes line. A region of local absolute instability is also demonstrated to be a necessary condition for the existence of unstable global modes.
Baryonic matter in holographic QCD

We study baryons and baryonic matter in holographic QCD with $D4/D8/\bar{D8}$ multi-$D$ brane system. In large-$N_c$ holographic QCD, the baryon appears as a topologically non-trivial chiral soliton, which is called ``brane-induced Skyrmion''. We also analyze the features of the baryonic matter in holographic QCD by investigating the system of single brane-induced Skyrmion on a three-dimensional closed manifold $S^3$. We propose a new interesting picture of ``pion dominance'' near the critical density.
The Yersinia enterocolitica Ysa type III secretion system is expressed during infections both in vitro and in vivo

Yersinia enterocolitica biovar 1B maintains two type III secretion systems (T3SS) that are involved in pathogenesis, the plasmid encoded Ysc T3SS and the chromosomally encoded Ysa T3SS. In vitro, the Ysa T3SS has been shown to be expressed only at 26°C in a high‐nutrient medium containing an exceptionally high concentration of salt – an artificial condition that provides no clear insight on the nature of signal that Y. enterocolitica responds to in a host. However, previous research has indicated that the Ysa system plays a role in the colonization of gastrointestinal tissues of mice. In this study, a series of Ysa promoter fusions to green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) were created to analyze the expression of this T3SS during infection. Using reporter strains, infections were carried out in vitro using HeLa cells and in vivo using the mouse model of yersiniosis. Expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) was measured from the promoters of yspP (encoding a secreted effector protein) and orf6 (encoding a structural component of the T3SS apparatus) in vitro and in vivo. During the infection of HeLa cells GFP intensity was measured by fluorescence microscopy, while during murine infections GFP expression in tissues was measured by flow cytometry. These approaches, combined with quantification of yspP mRNA transcripts by quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), demonstrate that the Ysa system is expressed in vitro in a contact‐dependent manner, and is expressed in vivo during infection of mice.
Color harmony for clothing image

Color harmony is very important for clothing image. In this paper, we describe a new computational approach, which aims to support such a color harmony. First, colors are transformed from RGB space to HSV space. Next, we compute the scalar moment for each color region in the HSV color space. Finally, we adjust the color's saturation and value according to the scalar moment and area. Experiment result shows that our approach can generate higher quality clothing image with color harmony.