Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Functional Perspective on the Emergence of Dominant Designs

Models of long-term product innovation depict the trajectory of products through an evolutionary selection metaphor in which product designs converge toward a dominant design. The product innovation literature favors trajectory descriptions based on the physical architecture of products while neglecting to account for the functional architecture. This paper offers a new way to explain the life cycle of product innovation by identifying motifs that describe a product's functions. Functional motifs are recurrent function blocks across multiple generations of designs for a product. A collection of functional motifs defines the functional architecture of the product. Using some key examples from innovations in sewing machines, the paper illustrates the occurrence of motifs as the basis for detecting the emergence of a dominant design. Patents related to the sewing machine over 177 years are analyzed to identify functional motifs characterizing the evolution and convergence toward a dominant design. Results show that motifs do not change over long periods once a dominant design emerges, even though components continue to change. This observation confirms a view of dominant designs as a technological frame but refutes the notion that design no longer matters in the era of incremental change. These motifs refine our understanding of how designs evolve along a particular path over the course of product innovation.
Faecal Coliform Levels in Mountain Streams of Winter Recreation Zones in the Cairngorms National Park, Scotland

ABSTRACT This study aims to establish the spatial distribution of stream water faecal coliform (FC) concentrations in specific winter recreation areas in the Northern Corries of the Cairngorm Mountains, Scotland. A total of 207 water samples were collected from 10 sites during two winter seasons (2007–2008 and 2008–2009) and analysed by Colilert® 24 for the presence of FC, specifically Escherichia coli (E. coli). E. coli was not detected at Sites 1–7, above 635 m. Sites 8, 9 and 10 (below 635 m) had positive detection rates for E. coli, these being 32%, 35% and 31%, respectively. Results provide important data on the level of faecal bacteria in selected Scottish mountain streams, whilst also providing comparative benchmark data for similar studies proposed in other UK upland recreational hotspots.
PERAN LITERASI DIGITAL DAN GROWTH MINDSET PADA UJI MODEL PENERIMAAN APLIKASI PEMBELAJARAN KOLABORATIF

Indonesia akan memasuki masa keemasan pada tahun 2045. Setidaknya terdapat dua hal esensial yang sangat mempengaruhi Indonesia di tahun 2045 yaitu bonus demografi dan kemajuan pesat perkembangan teknologi. Oleh karena itu kualitas tenaga kerja menjadi faktor penting kesuksesan Indonesia di tahun 2045. Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana sebuah teknologi dapat diimplementasikan serta faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi, diperlukan sebuah model yang komprehensif untuk memotret penerimaan teknologi tersebut sehingga proses transformasi digital dapat dipercepat. Salah satu model penerimaan teknologi yang sudah ada yaitu The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan model penerimaan Teknologi Digital dalam Pembelajaran Kolaboratif melalui Pendekatan UTAUT pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar dan Menengah di Indonesia dengan mempertimbangkan variabel Literasi Digital dan Growth Mindset. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji model menggunakan SEM-PLS. Partisipan penelitian ini berjumlah 298 siswa di jenjang SD hingga SMA pada sekolah-sekolah di daerah Jakarta, Tangerang, dan Bekasi. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan signifikansi peran Perfomance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy dan Social Influence terhadap minat siswa menggunakan aplikasi pembelajaran kolaboratif. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa Literasi Digital secara signifikan berkontribusi pada Effort Expectancy siswa sedangkan Growth Mindset berkontribusi signifikan pada Performance Expectancy. Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan untuk dapat menyediakan ekosistem pembelajaran kolaboratif yang mengoptimalisasi penggunaan teknologi demi menghasilkan generasi-generasi unggul untuk menyambut Indonesia Emas 2045.
Institutional Ownership, Capital Structure and Performance of SMEs in China

This article examines the relationship between ownership, leverage, and performance for Chinese small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Our study sheds light on how institutional ownership affects the performance of Chinese SMEs. We use agency and the pecking order perspective as background theories for analysing the relationships between institutional ownership, capital structure, and firm performance. We use a range of regression estimations for robustness checks and include Quantile regression, static and dynamic panel regression models, and a two-step system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach to explore data covering 2009–2015. Our findings show that institutional investor’s ownership affects the performance of Chinese SMEs positively and significantly. The negative relationship between leverage and performance indicates the dominance of family ownership in Chinese SMEs, where firms rely more on retained earnings for financing, which aligns with the pecking order theory (POT) perspective. The results also suggest that institutional ownership could mitigate agency issues in Chinese SMEs. JEL Classification: G30, G38, G39
Dual-Side Closed-Loop Control, Stability Analysis, and Parameter Design of Two-Stage LCC-LCC WPT

In the LCC-LCC wireless power transfer (WPT) system with the secondary buck converter, the overvoltage (OV), and overcurrent (OC) faults occur when the secondary buck converter is shut down suddenly. To ensure safety, this issue is analyzed at the transient level and the dual-side indirect closed-loop control strategy is proposed to achieve the closed-loop control of the terminal voltage and the secondary dc bus voltage. The secondary dc bus voltage is under the indirect control by the closed-loop control of the primary inverter current and this conclusion is proven in the transient level. Under the dual-side closed-loop control strategy, the two-stage WPT system forms a cascade system and there is the instability problem. The integrated design criteria of the dual-side controller parameters based on the cascade system stability theory are given. The feasibility and practicability of the proposed control strategy and parameter design method are verified by the experiments.
Remote Sensing of Mangrove Wetlands: Relating Canopy Spectra to Site-Specific Data

Remote sensing was examined as a tool to describe the spectral and structural changes within and between mangrove species and community types. To accomplish this goal, high-resolution canopy reflectance spectra were obtained at 21 mangrove sites in southwest Florida. This was in addition to leaf spectra, canopy closure, height, and species composition from a number of these sites. High relative variability typified measurements of canopy reflectance spectra, canopy height, and percent species composition, while leaf reflectance variances within species (black or red, about 0.04 to 0.06 percent) were higher than between species (about 0.02 percent). Mean reflectances were generated for the blue, green, red, and near-infrared (NIR) wavelength regions from the obtained canopy reflectance spectra by using either user-defined bandwidths or bandwidths defined for the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer, Thematic Mapper, and XMS (SPOT) sensors.
The Improved Coordinated Control Method of Islanding and Grid-Connected Operations for DC Microgrids

The DC microgrid plays an essential role in realizing smart power supply systems for the DC loads. It combines various distributed generations and transmits the power to the loads or the utility grid through the DC bus. It attaches great importance to energy management because of the load and photovoltaic power fluctuations. This paper proposes an improved coordinated control based on the characteristics of various distributed generations and utility grids. The proposed method can realize the stabilization of bus voltage when the system switches between multiple operating modes in grid-connected and island mode due to the change of energy. Compared with the present ways, the proposed method provides a further optimization on the design of charging for energy storage units in the grid-connected mode and the current sharing with the backup storage units in the islanded mode which is conducted by SoC balancing droop control. Finally, the DC microgrid simulation platform is built to verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed method.
Design of Active Integrated GNSS Antenna Based on the Impedance Transforming Quadrature Four-Feed Network

In the paper, a wideband miniaturized impedance-transforming quadrature four-feed network with a flat output phase difference is presented and applied to the design of an active integrated GNSS antenna where no extra impedance matching circuit is needed. The features of impedance transformation and flat output phase difference are achieved by the proposed miniaturized rat-race coupler. When combining the proposed rat-race coupler with two trans-directional (TRD) couplers, a four-feed network with stable sequential quadrature phase shifts is obtained in the whole GNSS band. Since the quadrature four-feed network has the feature of impedance transformation, integration with a low-noise amplifier (LNA) can be realized without extra impedance matching circuits, which reduce the overall size and losses. For validation, a simple rectangular patch is applied as the radiator, and the active prototype is fabricated. Measurement results show that over the entire GNSS band from 1.164 GHz to 1.610 GHz, the miniaturized integrated antenna exhibits a return loss of more than 10 dB, an axial ratio of less than 3 dB axial ratio, and a gain of greater than 16 dBic.
Genome-wide association study for charcoal rot resistance in soybean harvested in Kazakhstan

Charcoal rot (CR) caused by the fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina is a devastating disease affecting soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill. ) worldwide. Identifying the genetic factors associated with resistance to charcoal rot is crucial for developing disease-resistant soybean cultivars. In this research, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using different models and genotypic data to unravel the genetic determinants underlying soybean resistance to сharcoal rot. The study relied on a panel of 252 soybean accessions, comprising commercial cultivars and breeding lines, to capture genetic variations associated with resistance. The phenotypic evaluation was performed under natural conditions during the 2021–2022 period. Disease severity and survival rates were recorded to quantify the resistance levels in the accessions. Genotypic data consisted of two sets: the results of genotyping using the Illumina iSelect 6K SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) array and the results of whole-genome resequencing. The GWAS was conducted using four different models (MLM, MLMM, FarmCPU, and BLINK) based on the GAPIT platform. As a result, SNP markers of 11 quantitative trait loci associated with CR resistance were identified. Candidate genes within the identified genomic regions were explored for their functional annotations and potential roles in plant defense responses. The findings from this study may further contribute to the development of molecular breeding strategies for enhancing CR resistance in soybean cultivars. Marker-assisted selection can be efficiently employed to accelerate the breeding process, enabling the development of cultivars with improved resistance to сharcoal rot. Ultimately, deploying resistant cultivars may significantly reduce yield losses and enhance the sustainability of soybean production, benefiting farmers and ensuring a stable supply of this valuable crop.
Challenges and Opportunities in One Health: Google Trends Search Data

Google Trends data can be informative for zoonotic disease incidences, including Lyme disease. However, the use of Google Trends for predictive purposes is underutilized. In this study, we demonstrate the potential to use Google Trends for zoonotic disease prediction by predicting monthly state-level Lyme disease case counts in the United States. We requested Lyme disease data for the years 2010–2021. We downloaded Google Trends search data on terms for Lyme disease, symptoms of Lyme disease, and diseases with similar symptoms to Lyme disease. For each search term, we built an expanding window negative binomial model that adjusted for seasonal differences using a lag term. Performance was measured by Root Mean Squared Errors (RMSEs) and the visual associations between observed and predicted case counts. The highest performing model had excellent predictive ability in some states, but performance varied across states. The highest performing models were for Lyme disease search terms, which indicates the high specificity of search terms. We outline challenges of using Google Trends data, including data availability and a mismatch between geographic units. We discuss opportunities for Google Trends data for One Health research, including prediction of additional zoonotic diseases and incorporating environmental and companion animal data. Lastly, we recommend that Google Trends be explored as an option for predicting other zoonotic diseases and incorporate other data streams that may improve predictive performance.
Enhanced Biogas Production from Rice Husks and Okra Stalks by Co-digestion with Ostrich Dung and Cow Manure

In this study, two sides were studied. First one included single and combined pretreatment which were performed to treat milled rice husks compared to increase the production of biogas untreated rice husks. The other side included investigate the effect of two types of mixing: mixing rice husks and okra stalks using three mixing ratios inoculated with ostrich dung compared to rice husks and okra stalks inoculated with ostrich dung separately and mixing ostrich dung and cow manure using three mixing ratios with rice husks compared to using rice husks inoculated with ostrich dung and cow manure separately. The ten reactors, which were carried out in this study, were in batch mode. Single pretreatment included hydrothermal and oxidative pretreatment with 50% (v/v) H2O2, while combined pretreatment consisted of both hydrothermal and H2O2 pretreatment. The cow manure was used as inoculum in this anaerobic co-digestion process. The results clarified that the increase of biogas productions were by 5.42%, 48.05%, and 59.07% for hydrothermal, H2O2, and combined pretreatment of hydrothermal and H2O2, respectively. For first mixing, 25:75 ratio (rice husks: okra stalks) was better than other ratios in the production of biogas (48.77 ml/g VS). In the second case of mixing, 75:25 ratio (ostrich dung: cow manure) was better than other ratios in the production of biogas (21.85 ml/g VS). Kinetic study was applied using modified Gompertz model, and there was well agreement between the predicted and measured values of the all pretreatments with correlation coefficient > 0.95. The pretreatment samples of rice husks and the mixing of materials improve the production of biogas and methane.
Preliminary 3D Assessment of Coastal Erosion by Data Integration between Airborne LiDAR and DGPS Field Observations

ABSTRACT Song, D.S. , Kim, I.H. and Lee, H.S. , 2013. Preliminary study of 3D Assessment of Coastal Erosion by Data Integration between Airborne LiDAR and DGPS Field Observations The airborne Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) system has been allowed in monitoring various natural hazards, so highly accurate and airborne LiDAR data have been used in the field of oceanic sciences, including a digital terrain modeling and bathymetric mapping. In this study, we adopted airborne LiDAR measurements to assess coastal erosion for the first time. The airborne LiDAR data were acquired along the east coastal zone of Korea (shoreline is about 205km). The 3D topographical data and digital orthophotos, which were obtained from aerial LiDAR with a digital camera, were integrated with the beach profiles conducted by the VRS-based DGPS surveying. The integrated dataset were relocated into a developed flight simulator module, which is a Dynamic geographical information system solution with Digital AirScape (D-DAS), for the 3D visual analysis of erosion status. The 3D visual result of seasonal and yearly variability with respect to beach width is validated to understand the evolution trends of the coastal environment on the test areas. Preliminary result from this study shows the potential availability of LiDAR data and the additional opportunities within the 3 dimensional monitoring of coastal evolution, for a detailed evaluation of erosion supported by the Coastal Erosion Monitoring Program (CEMP). Additionally, we expect that the early introduction of the airborne LiDAR Bathymetry (ALB) system in Korea, such as Scanning Hydrographic Operational Airborne Lidar Survey (SHOALS), will be used for more effective and deliberative monitoring of coastal erosion in the coastal zone management program.
Water-rock Interaction Simulation of Ground water in the Plain of Manasi River Basin, Xinjiang

In the plain of Manasi River Basin, chemical evolution is complex comparatively. From upstream to downstream area, the variation characteristics are mainly that the content of Na+ , Ca2+, HCO3 , SO42- and the value of TDS change between high and low by turns. The water-rock interaction simulation has been applied to study the mechanism of it, the simulation results indicate as followes: (1) Dissolution/precipitation of minerals, evaporation and dilution control the chemical evolution of groundwater jointly; (2) In study area, from upstream area to downstream area, because lithology granularity becomes fine gradually, the dissolution/ precipitation amount of minerals in groundwater increases gently, the water-rock interaction becomes intense accordingly; (3) The water-rock interaction in upstream area undergoes the influence of surface water or irrigation water recharge chiefly, and in middle reaches and downstream area undergoes the influence of evaporation mainly; (4) Because of the large recharge of surface water or irrigation water, the chemical evolution in some areas sometimes doesn't accord with general orderliness, even changes into reverse direction, TDS Value becomes lower, and produces complex middle chemical types.
Effect of Crystal Morphology on Electrochemical Performances of IRH-2 and IRH-2/PANI Composite for Supercapacitor Electrodes

In the context of recent progress in designing metal–organic framework (MOF)-based supercapacitor electrodes, we report herein the successful growth of two different crystal morphologies of a cerium-based MOF, octahedral crystals named IRH-2-O and elongated square-bipyramidal crystals named IRH-2-ESBP (IRH = Institute de Recherche sur l’Hydrogène). The identical crystal structure of both materials was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray mapping analysis corroborated this fact and showed the crystal shape variation versus the surface composition of synthesized materials. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, and PXRD were used to confirm the purity of pristine MOFs as well as desired MOF//PANI composites. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy highlighted the effect of crystal shape on the electrochemical performance of IRH-2 MOFs; the specific capacitance tripled from 43.1 F·g–1 for IRH-2-O to 125.57 F·g–1 for IRH-2-ESBP at 5 mV·s–1. The cycling stability was notably ameliorated from 7 K for IRH-2-O to 20 K for IRH-2-ESBP. Regarding the composites, the cell voltage was notably ameliorated from 1.8 to 1.95 V. However, the electrochemical performance of IRH-2/PANI composites was drastically decreased due to instability in the acidic media. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first work that related the MOF crystal shape and the electrochemical performance.
Trawl fishery of penaeid shrimps along Mandapam coast of Palk Bay, Tamil Nadu, southern Ind

The shrimp fishery of Palk Bay is unique, being mostly supported by a single species Penaeus semisulcatus throughout the year. The estimated total landing of penaeid shrimps by trawls at Mandapam coast of Palk Bay Tamil Nadu during 2016 was 1652 t. The shrimp landings at Mandapam comprised twelve species viz, Penaeus semisulcatus, P. latisulcatus, P. indicus, P. merguiensis, P. japonicus, P. canaliculatus, P. monodon, Kishinouyepenaeopsis maxillipedo, Metapenaeus moyebi, M. stridulans, M. tolensis and Megokris granulosus. Along this coast, shrimps are landed round the year with a peak landing in June. P. semisulcatus dominated the catch (1077.2 t) followed by P. latisulcatus (161.06 t), M. moyebi (109.61 t), M. stridulans (91.19 t) and P. maxillipedo (89.83 t). The peak season for the shrimp fishery usually starts from June and continues up to August, contributing 75-80% of the total annual shrimp landings. The annual average catch per hour (CPH) for shrimps was estimated at 10.7 kg and maximum CPH (21.9 kg) was observed in February. Mean length, size range and sex ratio as well as gut contents of penaeid shrimps landed during the study period were also analysed. The findings of the present study provide information for framing management measures for sustaining the shrimp fishery in future.Keywords: Catch per hour, Fishery, Management, Palk Bay, Penaeid shrimps
Smart School Routing Problem for the New Normality

The Smart Mobility Plan in Monterrey’s metropolitan area seeks to generate mobility strategies for the city that are sustainable and make dynamic use of data (with the support of ICTs). This initiative aims to improve the mobility in the region's universities and their surrounding zones as pilot tests and then scale them to larger city districts or to other schools around the world. As part of the university mobility plans, universities such as Universidad de Monterrey (UDEM), offers dedicated transportation services to its community (i.e. students and employees). However, recent studies show a low utilization of this service. This problem gets worse by the drastic social behavior changes caused by the COVID19 pandemic and the decreased service capacity in response to the healthy distance constraints, on the eve of back to school under the new normality. The methodology followed in this work is Intervention Scientific Research, according to its Classic classification, implementing the Hypothetic-Deductive Method. This project uses UDEM university as a case study to develop a comprehensive mobility proposal for school routes within the new normality’s operational conditions, such as potential demand increase, capacity decrease, demand patterns change, and real-time demand information. © IEOM Society International.