Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive Performance of Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE) for Survival after Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The prediction of outcomes following cardiac arrest continues to provide significant difficulties. A preferred strategy involves adopting a multimodal approach, which encompasses the careful evaluation of the biomarker neuron-specific enolase (NSE). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to gather and summarize new and existing evidence on the prediction effect of neuron-specific enolase for survival to hospital discharge among adult patients with cardiac arrest. We searched PubMed Central, Scopus, EMBASE databases, and the Cochrane Library without language restrictions from their inceptions until 30 October 2023 and checked the reference lists of the included studies. Pooled results were reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) and were presented with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge (SHD). Eighty-six articles with 10,845 participants were included. NSE showed a notable degree of specificity in its ability to predict mortality as well as neurological status among individuals who experienced cardiac arrest (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates the ability to predict fatality rates and neurological outcomes, both during the time of admission and at various time intervals after cardiac arrest. The use of NSE in a multimodal neuroprognostication algorithm has promise in improving the accuracy of prognoses for persons who have undergone cardiac arrest.
IN-SITU CORROSION DAMAGE DETECTOR USING ACOUSTIC EMISSION

This paper aims to present the newly designed acoustic emission AE instrument for the in-situ monitoring of corrosion damages of aircraft structures. The work was theoretically based on the combination of modal AE theory and AE parameter analysis technique. Previous research had shown that identification of corrosion AE and background noise by modal acoustic emission(MAE) technique was possible and that evaluating calendar damages of aircraft main structures using AE testing was also possible. The instrument uses advanced DSP, FPGA and PCI technology to form a compact and robust apparatus to give reliable information on corrosion conditions of the structures under supervision.
Sensitivity of Azuki Bean and Control of Multiple Herbicide-Resistant Canada Fleabane With Saflufenacil Herbicide Mixtures

During 2021 and 2022, four experiments were conducted to ascertain the sensitivity of azuki bean to saflufenacil herbicide mixtures, and five experiments were conducted to determine the control of multiple herbicide-resistant (MHR) Canada fleabane with various saflufenacil herbicide mixtures applied preplant (PP) in soybean at various locations in southwestern Ontario, Canada. At 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after emergence (WAE), glyphosate + saflufenacil caused 2-5% azuki bean injury. The addition of metribuzin, bromoxynil, halauxifen-methyl, or 2,4-D ester caused 2-7%, 2-4%, 4-9%, and 2-4% azuki bean injury, respectively. Glyphosate + saflufenacil + bromoxynil plus either metribuzin, halauxifen-methyl, or 2,4-D ester caused 3-7%, 5-11%, and 3-6% azuki bean injury, respectively. Saflufenacil mixtures evaluated had no adverse effect on azuki bean stand, biomass m-1, biomass plant-1, height, seed moisture content, or yield. At 4 and 8 weeks after application (WAA), glyphosate + saflufenacil control MHR Canada fleabane 93 and 87%, respectively; there was no improvement in MHR Canada fleabane control with the glyphosate + saflufenacil mixtures evaluated. At 8 WAA, saflufenacil herbicide mixtures evaluated reduced MHR Canada fleabane density 43-95% and biomass 47-96%; differences were not statistically significant. MHR Canada fleabane interference reduced soybean yield 50%; however, reduced MHR Canada fleabane interference with all glyphosate + saflufenacil mixtures evaluated resulted in soybean yield that was similar to the weed-free control. This study concludes that saflufenacil herbicide mixtures evaluated have the potential to be used for the control MHR Canada fleabane in azuki bean.
Managing land for carbon: a guide for farmers, land managers and advisors

This booklet aims to help land managers be as carbon efficient as possible within the boundaries of their own farming system. Developed in the Lake District National Park (LDNP), it summarises information on carbon in a range of habitats, and suggests management practices to favour and those to avoid. For each habitat, it provides a table for you to complete to help you estimate how much carbon is stored in the soil and vegetation on your farm. Thinking about managing land for carbon across the whole farm will help you determine which options best suit your farming system and provide the most carbon benefits. While some areas of the farm will be used more intensively, you can still improve your carbon footprint by managing some areas really well for carbon and making small alterations across the farm wherever they are possible. Some alterations increase productivity too.
Supporting 11 to 13 year old students’ reading: perceptions of parents

In New Zealand, during the last decade, there has been a focus on improving home-school partnerships to help raise literacy achievement. When parents are aware of what is happening in the classroom to support their child’s reading development and learning, parents can put strategies in place to further endorse learning in the home environment. The article explores the issues surrounding the role of parents in the literacy learning of their children, particularly those of young adolescent students. Twenty seven parents of students in years seven and eight were randomly selected by the principals at six New Zealand schools. The schools represented a wide range of school types. The parents were interviewed using a semi - structured schedule. The research found that there was a link between parents who enjoyed reading and modeled this in their home environment to their child’s perceived interest and success in reading achievement. Fathers often were a powerful model for their children, more particularly their sons, when in developing attitudes towards the value and interest in reading for leisure or information.
Structural equation modelling: validation of career readiness model using psychological constructs

The career readiness model is needed as a reference source for relevant parties, especially universities, to implement various career development and interventions initiatives. This study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of personality, career efficacy, career readiness skills along with indicators using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling in forming a career readiness model. Results show that each construct achieved good reliability and validity through composite reliability (CR) readings recorded between 0.78 and 0.92 to measure internal consistency reliability, while convergent validity through average variance extracted (AVE) readings exceeded 0.5. The construct of this model had also achieved discriminant validity through the recorded readings of cross loading, Fornell-Larcker and HTMT confidence intervals which did not contain the value of 1. The findings also indicate that career efficacy and career readiness skills are accurate and relevant constructs for developing a career readiness model.
Malicious Data Classification in Packet Data Network Through Hybrid Meta Deep Learning

Advancements in wireless network technology have provided a powerful tool to boost productivity and serve as a vital communication method that overcomes the limitations of wired networks. However, because of using wireless networks, security is an increasing concern in the community. At the time of our study, people rely on machine learning techniques to create a trustworthy networking system. However, it hinders the development of a reliable network as the number of publicly available malicious data is insufficient to train a model correctly. In real life, people are not very keen to share this data as they are sensitive. In order to deal with this issue, we primarily aim to develop a solution that provides a reliable intrusion detection system despite being trained with a small amount of data. This paper proposes a novel idea of hybrid meta deep learning in detecting malicious packet data. We use a combination of Siamese and Prototypical networks where the Siamese network is used for binary classification and the Prototypical network for multi-class classification. Both approaches are based on meta learning techniques, requiring a minimal amount of data for most attack classes. Utilizing these meta learning characteristics, we could train our model with just 3000 data samples and achieve more than 90% accuracy for both meta learning tactics. Our study aims to provide a secure and trustworthy network domain that enhances communication between end users.
Impact of COVID-19 on Social Policy: A Literature Review in the Social and Human Sciences

COVID-19 has paralysed many countries’ social and economic lives. COVID-19 has pushed the world towards drastic social distancing and sterilisation measures to limit the spread and impact of the infection. However, it remains unclear what the long-term physical, psychological, socio-economic, and political decisions will be and their consequences. Scientists today have a great responsibility to study this period. Therefore, expert data contributes to the individual and collective development of citizens. The analytical method used in this study involved a theoretical analysis of publications on social and human sciences from the Scopus database, mainly focusing on the year 2020, to develop a framework for understanding the societal repercussions of the pandemic. The study defines a wide range of social consequences and effects of COVID-19, shows the impact pandemic on education in the context of social policy, establishes the socio-political and economic consequences of COVID-19, and sub-stantiates psychological reactions to COVID-19. A review of the literature can help determine the impact of COVID-19 on social policy. Based on the analysis of the papers, it can be concluded that COVID-19 has increased inequality, widened the gap between the rich and the poor, and threatened the stability of society in low-income countries.
Brand Awareness and Promotion in Social Networks Based on the Example of a Lithuanian Supermarket Chain

With the rapid spread of technology, consumers spend most of their free time on computers, smartphones, and social networks. It is becoming increasingly difficult for businesses to reach the consumer directly, and more and more businesses are reorganizing all or part of the electronic space. This process was particularly evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. Merchants are discovering ever new ways to present their goods and services. Thus, the changing needs of the user also change the means of promotion. However, the question constantly arises, what factors influence one or another consumer's choice, what increases the brand awareness, how to promote it most effectively on social networks? We carried out a systematic and comparative analysis of the concepts published in the scientific literature, a study of the brand, brand awareness, brand promotion concepts, and factors increasing brand awareness. The article aims to identify the factors that increase brand awareness and, based on the results of the Eye-tracking system research, to make suggestions for increasing brand awareness on social networks. Research methods: a systematic and comparative analysis of concepts and methods published in the scientific literature, statistical processing, expert survey, research of the Eye-tracking system, multicriteria evaluation
Advances in real-time phase-contrast flow MRI and multi-echo radial FLASH

The conventional multi-echo radial fast flow angle shot (FLASH) utilizes bipolar readout gradients with the same amplitude and duration to sample echoes in a fly-back-and-forth manner. This strategy is inefficient with respect to k-space coverage and temporal resolution. Therefore, in this thesis, a multi-echo multi-spoke radial FLASH sequence, i.e., capable of acquiring multiple echoes with different spatial encodings per radio-frequency excitation, is developed for the purposes of faster k-space sampling and better temporal and/or spatial resolution. This sequence, most importantly, can advance various applications of real-time MRI, e.g., dynamic quantitative T2* mapping, water-fat separation, functional imaging, and quantitative susceptibility mapping. On the other hand, a model-based image reconstruction, especially for real-time phase-contrast flow MRI, is developed in this thesis. Model-based image reconstruction emerges as a novel reconstruction technique that estimates maps of interest in MR signal models directly from the acquired data. In phase-contrast flow MRI, two reconstruction steps are typically involved. First, the measurements with different velocity encodings are treated as independent streams and reconstructed separately via parallel imaging reconstruction methods. Second, the phase-difference calculation between the reconstructed images is used to obtain phase-contrast velocity maps. The second step, however, induces severe random phase noise in no or low MR signal areas (e.g. air and lung), which can hamper the lumen definition, especially in the case of highly undersampled acquisitions. To ameliorate the situation, a novel model-based reconstruction technique, which directly estimates and regularizes the phase-contrast map from the measured datasets based on a proper signal modeling and hence ensures zero phase in the areas without MR signals, is developed.
A patent perspective of antiangiogenic agents

ABSTRACT Introduction Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in the development of numerous vascular structures and is involved in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes, including psoriasis, diabetic retinopathy, and especially cancer. By obstructing the process of angiogenesis, these therapies effectively inhibit the progression of the disease. Consequently, anti-angiogenic agents were subsequently developed. Areas covered This review provides a comprehensive summary of the anti-angiogenic inhibitors developed in the past five years in terms of chemical structure, biochemical/pharmacological activity and potential clinical applications. A literature search was conducted using utilizing the databases Web of Science, SciFinder and PubMed with the key word ‘anti-angiogenic agents’ and ‘angiogenesis inhibitor. ’ Expert opinion This is despite the fact that the concept of antiangiogenesis has been proposed for more than 50 years and angiogenesis inhibitors are extensively employed in clinical practice. However, significant challenges continue to confront them. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of patents focusing on angiogenesis inhibitors. These patents aim to enhance the selectivity of drugs against VEGF/VEGFR, explore new targets to overcome drug resistance, and explore potential drug combinations, thereby expanding the therapeutic possibilities in this field.
Investigation of metallic iron for water defluoridation

Fluorosis is a significant ailment that affects millions of humans and animals, especially in low income countries. It has been the focus of past and present scientific endeavours to research and develop efficient and deployable technologies, especially in these low-income communities. In this work, metallic Iron (Fe0 ) is a promising technology, and its filters have successfully addressed both safe drinking water and sanitation and are frugal. The recalled science of Fe0 filters is demonstrated with the lingering design investigations. This study aimed at the critical assessment on defluoridation efficiencies under conventional metallic iron aqueous systems; where at first, Fe0 materials were characterized with 1,10 Phenanthroline (Phen) in aqueous condition, and later batch studies were realized at the laboratory scale for two days under varied experimental conditions of: (a) 0.1 g and 1.0 g of iron mass, (b) Equimolar contamination, 23±2.0 mg/L, of co-solutes, i.e. NO3, PO4, SO4, HCO3, Cl, (c) Initial pH values of 4.5, 7.0 and 9.5, and (d) Disturbed and non-disturbed treatments. Characterization results proved the potential of 1,10-Phenanthroline as a sole Fe0 novel and facile characterization method. Defluoridation results revealed a maximum of 94% and 47% for quantitative (involving co precipitation, adsorption and occasionally size-exclusion remediations) and non-quantitative (associated with adsorption as major remediation means) fluoride removal efficiencies, respectively. Thus, a conventional metallic iron aqueous system requires incorporating suggested nano-scale practices towards enhancing efficiency for affordable defluoridation achievements in future continuous system designs.
Synergistic effects of temperature extremes, hypoxia, and increases in CO2 on marine animals: From Earth history to global change

Currently rising CO2 levels in atmosphere and marine surface waters as well as projected scenarios of CO2 disposal in the ocean emphasize that CO2 sensitivities need to be investigated in aquatic organisms, especially the most sensitive, animals. Moreover, to understand causes and effects, we need to identify the physiological processes sensitive to CO2 in animals. While the number of animals acutely sensitive to moderate CO2 increments may be small, long-term effects may have already begun in a wide range of species and these could drive shifts in ecological equilibria. Such effects not only include a disturbance in calcification. Recent studies of invertebrate fauna pre-adapted to oscillating CO2 levels in their habitat revealed a depression of metabolic rate associated with a reduction in ion exchange and protein synthesis rates as well as a shift in metabolic equilibria, resulting in a slowing of growth. Enhanced mortality has also been observed under long-term moderate hypercapnia with as yet unidentified cause and effect relationships. In a climate change scenario, simultaneous changes in temperature, CO2, and hypoxia levels would enhance sensitivity to environmental extremes relative to a change in only one of these variables. Some of these interactions are elicited through effects on the same physiological mechanisms, and need to be considered in estimating effects of atmospheric CO2 entry into the ocean. They also need to be considered in currently discussed mitigation scenarios such as direct injection of CO2 in the deep ocean or fertilizing the surface ocean with Fe, which reduces subsurface O2 contents. With changing CO2 levels, ecosystem shifts may develop progressively rather than beyond specific thresholds such that effects parallel CO2 oscillations. It is presently unclear, to what extent and how quickly species may adapt to permanently elevated CO2 levels by micro-evolutionary compensatory processes.
Guiding Documents for Engaging with Remote Chronic Disease Management Programs as a Healthcare Provider: A Scoping Review

Introduction: Chronic disease management programs (CDMP) that include education and exercise enhance outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. Remote CDMP have the potential to provide convenient, cost-effective, and accessible options for individuals, but it is unclear how to best implement programs that include education and exercise. This review identified and synthesized resources for implementing remote CDMP programs that incorporate education and exercise. Methods: Peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically searched from January 1998 to May 2022. Covidence software was used for screening and extraction. The data were synthesized and presented in a narrative and tabular format. Results: Six peer-reviewed manuscripts and six grey literature documents published between 2006–2022 were included. All resources described individual programs targeting various chronic conditions. Provider training, consent, participant screening, and safety considerations were identified. Conclusions: Guidelines for remote CFMP programs are lacking. Additional work is needed to design remote CDMP guidelines incorporating education and exercise.
Case Report: Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma in the hand: a rare clinical presentation and diagnostic challenge

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare tumor of mesenchymal origin occurring in young adults. Based on its clinical course, it is said to have an intermediate potential. We present a case of a 59-year-old woman with AFH in the hand that was difficult to diagnose. A benign soft tissue tumor was suspected on magnetic resonance imaging, and its size and open biopsy suggested nodular fasciitis or inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. A diagnosis of AFH was eventually made based on the analysis of the resected specimens. The characteristic findings of histopathology and immunohistochemistry in this case were relatively poor, so fluorescence in situ hybridization contributed to making the correct diagnosis. Considering its prognosis, careful follow-up was decided upon without additional surgery. Our case is a challenging one because of its atypical presentation and inconclusive imaging and histopathological findings.
3. MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHIC CALIBRATION OF THE LATE OLIGOCENE CLIMATE TRANSITION

Magnetic polarity stratigraphy and stable isotope data from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 202 Core 202-1237B-31H allow calibration of the late Oligocene climate transition to the geomagnetic polarity timescale (GTS 2004). Oxygen isotope (δ18O) values in the benthic foraminifer Cibicidoides mundulus decrease from ~2.20‰ in upper Chron 9n (Oi2b) to ~1.90‰ in upper Chron 8r. The mean decrease is smaller than suggested by a recent compilation of benthic foraminifer δ18O records. The decrease occurs in three steps from 323 to 321 meters composite depth (mcd) within Chron 8r (27.027–26.554 Ma), and is here termed the “Chron 8r δ18O shift. ” Linear interpolation within Chron 8r estimates an age of 26.35 Ma for the final decrease to lower values marking initiation of the late Oligocene climatic optimum. The initial decrease at ~26.7 Ma is closely associated with the last occurrence of Paragloborotalia opima (P21/P22 planktonic foraminifer zonal boundary) between 322.51 and 322.76 mcd in lowermost Chron 8r. This study is a modest step toward an integrated magnetic polarity and astronomical chronostratigraphy for the late Oligocene based on Site 1237.
Driver Distraction From the EEG Perspective: A Review

A large proportion of car accidents are caused by distracted drivers. Thus, comprehensive analysis and understanding on driver distraction is essential for traffic safety improvement. Driver distraction can be revealed from their facial expression in images. However, this is easily affected by complex light distribution on faces or by low illumination during nighttime. Differently, drivers’ physiological signals, such as electroencephalography (EEG), have been convinced to be one of the most reliable and direct tools for driver distraction studies, either for deeper understanding on driver distraction or for effective detection of driver distraction. Therefore, this article comprehensively reviews multiple aspects of driver distraction from the EEG perspective. First, the research progress on distracted driving is reviewed from three aspects: the definition of distraction, the types of distraction, and the main datasets of distracted driving. Second, computer signal processing is summarized into four aspects: signal acquisition, signal pretreatment, EEG main frequency bands, and EEG characteristics, and analyzed in turn. Third, the variation trends of EEG frequency bands under different distraction types were analyzed and compared. Fourth, the methods of feature extraction and detection of EEG in distracted driving are reviewed from the perspective of methodology. Finally, a new distraction detection method based on EEG integration with other physiological signals is summarized, and future development trends and technical challenges are prospected.