Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the geometry and dynamics of diffeomorphisms of surfaces

This article was widely circulated as a preprint, about 12 years ago. At that time the Bulletin did not accept research announcements, and after a couple of attempts to publish it, I gave up, and the preprint did not find a home. I very soon saw that there were many ramifications of this theory, and I talked extensively about it in a number of places. One year I devoted my graduate course to this theory, and notes of Bill Floyd and Michael Handel from that course were circulated for a while. The participants in a seminar at Orsay in 1976-1977 went over this material, and wrote a volume [FLP] including some original material as well. Another good general reference, from a somewhat different point of view, is a set of notes of lectures by A. Casson, taken by S. Bleiler [CasBlei]. There are by now several alternative ways to develop the classification of diffeomorphisms of surfaces described here. At the time I originally discovered the classification of diffeomorphism of surfaces, I was unfamiliar with two bodies of mathematics which were quite relevant: first, Riemann surfaces, quasiconformal maps and Teichmiiller's theory; and second, Nielsen's theory of the dynamical behavior of surface at infinity, and his near-understanding of geodesic laminations. After hearing about the classification of surface automorphisms from the point of view of the space of measured foliations, Lipman Bers [Bersl] developed a proof of the classification of surface automorphisms from the point of view of Teichmüller theory, generalizing Teichmiiller's theorem by allowing the Riemann surface to vary as well as the map. Dennis Sullivan first told me of some neglected articles by Nielsen which might be relevant. This point of view has been discussed by R. Miller, J. Gilman, M. Handel and me. The analogous theory, of measured laminations and 2-dimensional train tracks in three dimensions, has been considerable development. This has been applied to reinterpret some of Haken's work, to classify incompressible surfaces in particular classes of 3-manifolds in papers by me, Hatcher, Floyd, Oertel and others in various combinations. Shalen, Morgan, Culler and others have developed the related theory of groups acting on trees, and its relation to measured laminations, to define and analyze compactifications of representation spaces of groups in SL(2, C) and SO(n, 1); this has many interesting applications, including the theory of incompressible surfaces in 3-manifolds.
Semantic similarity analysis model for CND policy and measure

In order to effectively deal with large-scale attacks on computer networks, Computer Network Defense (CND) policy refinement based on descriptive language is wildly used. However, it's very difficult to figure out the semantic discrepancies between the measures and the predefined policy after the calculation with symbols by computers. A new method is presented to solve the discordance of semantic between the measures and the predefined policy automatically. Based on the establishment of the ontology of CND policy and measure (CNDPM), the CND policy and measure semantic similarity analysis model (CNDPMSSAM) is established, and then the termination of the two main components of CNDPMSSAM are proofed by the putdown automaton, and the prototype system of CNDPMSSAM is implemented. At last, we validate the validity of this method on analyzing semantic similarity of transferring from Computer Network Defense Policy Specification Language (CNDPSL) to Defense Measure Description Language (DMDL) with experiments.
Temporal Lobe Sclerosis Associated With Hippocampal Sclerosis in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Neuropathological Features

Widespread changes involving neocortical and mesial temporal lobe structures can be present in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis. The incidence, pathology, and clinical significance of neocortical temporal lobe sclerosis (TLS) are not well characterized. We identified TLS in 30 of 272 surgically treated cases of hippocampal sclerosis. Temporal lobe sclerosis was defined by variable reduction of neurons from cortical layers II/III and laminar gliosis; it was typically accompanied by additional architectural abnormalities of layer II, that is, abnormal neuronal orientation and aggregation. Quantitative analysis including tessellation methods for the distribution of layer II neurons supported these observations. In 40% of cases, there was a gradient of TLS with more severe involvement toward the temporal pole, possibly signifying involvement of hippocampal projection pathways. There was a history of a febrile seizure as an initial precipitating injury in 73% of patients with TLS compared with 36% without TLS; no other clinical differences between TLS and non-TLS cases were identified. Temporal lobe sclerosis was not evident preoperatively by neuroimaging. No obvious effect of TLS on seizure outcome was noted after temporal lobe resection; 73% became seizure-free at 2-year follow-up. In conclusion, approximately 11% of surgically treated hippocampal sclerosis is accompanied by TLS. Temporal lobe sclerosis is likely an acquired process with accompanying reorganizational dysplasia and an extension of mesial temporal sclerosis rather than a separate pathological entity.
Home Care Expert Systems for Ambient Assisted Living: A Multi-Agent Approach

The ageing process of population of the First World countries is increasing the interest towards solutions to improve the quality of life of elderly or disabled people and their families, providing an economically sustainable healthcare. Thus Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) and Ambient Intelligence (AmI) are moving towards the Artificial Intelligence field to develop modular, adaptable and intelligent systems to cope with changing needs that characterize the life of people with chronic diseases. These systems should find smart and simple ways to improve the patient quality of life, enhancing at the same time the communication between the system, the assisted person, his family and the medical staff, acting also as a filter of information that provides useful and significant data. This paper introduces the basic architecture of an expert system for AAL: the Virtual Carer (VC). It has to be understood as an IT system modelling a distributed, reliable and modular sensor network composed by biometric and ambient sensors, being able to communicate with an assisted person, to monitor his health conditions and to control the environment around him. The main goal of the system is to help an elderly patient with his daily activities ensuring his security. The proposed system is based on a multi-agent architecture to ensure its flexibility and interoperability: new devices or sensors can be added simply adding new agents, thanks to the standardization of agent communication. The system includes also a reasoning part based on Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) paradigm, trying to model the behaviours of a human caregiver.
A WHD-Based Method for Printer Identification

Printed document examination plays an important role in public security. A printer identification system is designed for the purpose of identifying the printer which created a suspect printed document. It consists of image acquisition, image preprocessing and character matching. An optical instrument is developed for document image observation and acquisition under high resolution. Normalized printed characters are obtained and recognized in preprocessing. A WHD-Based algorithm is applied to character image matching and distance between printed documents is calculated. Finally the minimum distance classifier is applied to printer identification. Experiments are carried out in a database including 45 Laser printers and very promising results are achieved.
What Does Feeling Like Crying When Listening to Music Feel Like

Music often makes people feel like crying (get a lump in their throat and tears in their eyes) or actually cry. Because crying can co-occur with so many emotions, the present study explored what feeling like crying feels like. A sample of 892 adults reported whether they could remember a time when they cried or felt like crying when listening to music; people who recalled an event then rated it on a wide range of emotional states. A latent class analysis identified 2 underlying clusters of experiences: a 'sad' class defined by feeling sad, upset, and depressed, and an 'awe' class defined by feeling euphoric, amazed, happy, and inspired. People high in openness to experience were more likely to recall an event in the 'awe' class; people high in neuroticism were more likely to recall an event in the 'sad' class. These findings illustrate that feeling like crying from music can reflect different underlying states, and it adds to the growing literature on the complexity of powerful and transcendent aesthetic experiences.
Local dominance and controlling dominance area of solutions in multi and many objectives EAs

This work presents local dominance with alignment of principle search direction and control of dominance area of solutions to enhance selection of MOEAs, aiming to improve their performance on multi and many objectives combinatorial problems. We show that the methods used independently can substantially improve either diversity or convergence. Also, by including control of dominance area of solutions within the local dominance algorithm, we show that diversity and convergence can improve simultaneously while reducing the computational cost of the algorithm.
Cell aggregation promotes pyoverdine-dependent iron uptake and virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

In Pseudomonas aeruginosa the Gac signaling system and the second messenger cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) participate in the control of the switch between planktonic and biofilm lifestyles, by regulating the production of the two exopolysaccharides Pel and Psl. The Gac and c-di-GMP regulatory networks also coordinately promote the production of the pyoverdine siderophore, and the extracellular polysaccharides Pel and Psl have recently been found to mediate c-di-GMP-dependent regulation of pyoverdine genes. Here we demonstrate that Pel and Psl are also essential for Gac–mediated activation of pyoverdine production. A pel psl double mutant produces very low levels of pyoverdine and shows a marked reduction in the expression of the pyoverdine-dependent virulence factors exotoxin A and PrpL protease. While the exopolysaccharide-proficient parent strain forms multicellular planktonic aggregates in liquid cultures, the Pel and Psl-deficient mutant mainly grows as dispersed cells. Notably, artificially induced cell aggregation is able to restore pyoverdine-dependent gene expression in the pel psl mutant, in a way that appears to be independent of iron diffusion or siderophore signaling, as well as of recently described contact-dependent mechanosensitive systems. This study demonstrates that cell aggregation represents an important cue triggering the expression of pyoverdine-related genes in P. aeruginosa, suggesting a novel link between virulence gene expression, cell–cell interaction and the multicellular community lifestyle.
Explorer Problems with the mapping of magic tricks

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Rigid or Flexible? A New Navigation Approach for Better Consumer Service Based on Knowledge Enhancement

With the rapid development of the Internet and E-commerce, online shopping sites are becoming a popular platform for products selling. Shopping sites such as amazon.com, dangdang.com provide consumers with a hierarchical navigation for selecting products easily from overwhelming amount of products. However, those man-made navigations are so general and professional that consumers still need to spend much time in filtering out their own undesired products personally. Shopping sites provide abundant textual product descriptions for most products, which describes the details of the product. In this paper, we propose a novel model to build a topic hierarchy from the detailed product descriptions, which can automatically model words into a tree structure by hierarchical Latent Dirichlet Allocation (hLDA), besides, our model can also augment words level allocations with the conceptual relation between words in WordNet automatically. Each node in the hierarchical tree contains some relevant keywords of product descriptions, thus clarifying the meaning of the concept in the node. Therefore, consumers can pick out their interested products by using the discovered descriptive and valuable navigation of products. The experimental results on amazon.com, one of the most popular shopping sites in America, demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed model.
NEURAL NETWORK BASED MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR PROCESSES WITH TIME DELAY

This paper investigates neural network Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) for processes with time delay. The main emphasis of the paper is on the design of the neural controller input conflguration. A method based on the linear pole placement technique using measured input/output process data is proposed for the controller input vector selection and to assist the design of the reference model. The complexity of using dynamic back propagation to adjust the controller parameters is shown to be dependent on the time delay. This dependence does not occur for static back propagation, which can also ofier the beneflt of not requiring a process model for implementation. Hence, static back propagation is used for controller adaptation. An in-line pH non- linear chemical process is chosen for case studies, and results presented illustrate the efiectiveness of the proposed design. Finally, the neural network MRAC is compared with an adaptive linear controller and is shown to provide signiflcant improved performance.
Accelerated reliability testing approach for high-reliablity software based on the reinforced operational profile

Testing under the actual operational profile (OP) for high-reliability software can be expensive, time consuming or even infeasible in situations where performance of a system is dominated by infrequent but highly critical events. To solve this problem, testing using importance sampling was put forward for usage-based software reliability demonstration testing (SRDT). An extended research based on OP for software reliability growth testing (SRGT) is proposed. Firstly, the reinforced OP based on changing the probabilities of critical operations is suggested. Secondly, the principle of accelerated SRGT is proposed. Then an implementing framework is proposed. Finally, the accelerated method is applied on a software system. The experimental results indicate: compared with the growth testing approach based on original OP, the accelerated growth testing approach based on the reinforced OP can not only significantly decrease the required testing time and the required test cases, but also obtain the same testing conclusion and the unbiased estimation result.
Spectrum Actigraphy Sleep and Caregiver Wellbeing

There is a critical need to better understand the circadian rhythms of caregivers in older adult continuing care retirement centers (CCRC). Projected demographic changes globally of persons over 65 years highlight the need of a healthy caregiver workforce to address emerging population increases of older adults (Guseh, 2016). Circadian rhythms are 24-hour body clock cycles which are important for human health and are influenced by light exposure, physical activity and other factors. Light has been demonstrated to influence human health through the periodic exposure to light sources over a 24-hour period known as the circadian rhythm cycle. Lightness and darkness influence gene expression, which in turn regulates human biological systems as part of the circadian rhythm cycle (Stevens & Rea, 2001; Davis & Mirick, 2006). Research suggests that shiftwork may be related to adverse health effects and these risks increase with the age of the worker (Akerstedt, 2003; Drake et al., 2004). There is a need to better understand how specific work environments such as CCRCs with varied exposure to natural light during work shifts, may influence these risks (Ramin et al., 2014).
A low-voltage high-frequency CMOS LC-VCO using a transformer feedback

The paper describes a 0.18-mum CMOS 8.5-GHz LC-tank VCO using a technique of reducing parasitic capacitances. Compared to the traditional crossed coupled method with more parasitic capacitances, in this work a symmetry transformer introduced by a transformer on feedback currents from the active components is employed to reduce parasitic capacitances in the VCO. The proposed oscillator can easily arrive at the requirement for high-frequency operation with the tuning range of 8.32 to 8.75 GHz (5%) at 0.7 V supply. With operating at 8.5-GHz frequency, the measured phase noise is -121.6 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset under the power dissipation of 6 mW.
Loss of transporter protein, encoded by the TAP-1 gene, is highly correlated with loss of HLA expression in cervical carcinomas

Malignant tumor cells can escape CD8+ cytotoxic T cell killing by downregulating class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression. Stable class I MHC surface expression requires loading of the heavy chain/light chain dimer with antigenic peptide, which is delivered to class I MHC molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum by the presumed peptide transporter, encoded by the transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP) 1 and 2 genes. We have investigated whether loss of class I MHC expression frequently observed in different cancers could result from interference with TAP function. A polyclonal antiserum, raised against a bacterial glutathione S-transferase/human TAP-1 fusion protein, was used for the immunohistochemical analysis of TAP-1 expression in 76 cervical carcinomas. Results showed loss of TAP- 1 expression in neoplastic cells in 37 out of 76 carcinomas. Immunohistochemical double staining procedures in combination with HLA- specific antibodies revealed congruent loss at the single cell level of TAP-1 and HLA-A/B expression in 28 out of 37 carcinomas. The remaining samples expressed HLA(-A) in the absence of TAP-1 (n = 6) or showed loss of HLA(-A/B) while TAP-1 was expressed (n = 3). These data strongly indicate that inhibition of peptide transport by downregulation of TAP-1 is a potential strategy of malignant cells to evade immune surveillance.
The effect of exposure route on the distribution and excretion of hexachloronaphthalene in rats

ObjectivesPolychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), like other persistent organic pollutants (POPs), are widespread, global environmental contaminants. These compounds still represent a great environmental problem, mostly because of the risk of secondary air pollution. They are characterized by long durability and tendency to bioaccumulate, which means that they are practically ubiquitous in all environmental media and ecosystems. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and excretion of hexachloronaphthalene (HxCN) in rats following a single intraperitoneal or intragastrical administration.Materials and MethodsExperiments were performed on male outbred Wistar rats with body weight of 220–240 g. They were given [14C]-HxCN intraperitoneally (i.p.) or intragastrically (p.o.) in a single dose of 0.3 mg (150 kBq) per rat. The distribution of radioactivity in blood and selected organs or tissues, as well as urine and faeces excretion were traced following the administration.ResultsThe decline of [14C]-HxCN in plasma was biphasic and the calculated half-lives for phases I and II were ∼6 and 350 h, respectively. Following 120 h after administration, ∼51% (intragastrical) and ∼34% (intraperitoneal) of the dose were excreted with faeces. Regardless of the administration route, the highest HxCN concentrations were found in liver and adipose tissue, where the compound showed high retention: the highest retention in liver was found 24 h after intragastrical (32%) and intraperitoneal (38%) administration while in adipose tissue ∼30% retention was observed 120 h after HxCN administration regardless of its route.ConclusionsFollowing the calculation of the balance of total [14C]-HxCN excreted and stored, it was found that hexachloronaphthalene belongs to the compounds of a slow turnover rate, and in the case of repeated exposure it may accumulate in the rat body.
Entropy localization and extensivity in the semiclassical black hole evaporation

I aim to quantify the distribution of information in the Hawking radiation and inside the black hole in the semiclassical evaporation process. The structure of relativistic quantum field theory does not allow one to define a localized entropy unambiguously, but rather forces one to consider the shared information (mutual information) between two different regions of space-time. Using this tool, I first show that the entropy of a thermal gas at the Unruh temperature underestimates the actual amount of (shared) information present in a region of the Rindler space. Then, I analyze the mutual information between the black hole and the late time radiation region. A well-known property of the entropy implies that this is monotonically increasing with time. This means that in the semiclassical picture it is not possible to recover the eventual purity of the initial state in the final Hawking radiation through subtle correlations established during the whole evaporation period, no matter the interactions present in the theory. I find extensivity of the entropy as a consequence of a reduction to a two dimensional conformal problem in a simple approximation. However, the extensivity of information in the radiation region in a full four dimensional calculation seems not tomore » be guaranteed on general grounds. I also analyze the localization of shared information inside the black hole finding that a large amount of it is contained in a small, approximately flat region of space-time near the point where the horizon begins. This gives place to large violations of the entropy bounds. I show that this problem is not eased by backscattering effects and argue that a breaking of conformal invariance is necessary to delocalize the entropy. Finally, I indicate that the mutual information could lead to a way to understand the Bekenstein-Hawking black hole entropy which does not require a drastic reduction in degrees of freedom in order to regulate the entanglement entropy. On the contrary, a large number of field degrees of freedom at high energies giving place to a Hagedorn transition implements a natural distance cutoff in the mutual information, which may in consequence turn out to be bounded. « less