Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conjugation of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Deoxycholic Acid for the Development of a New Oral Anticoagulant Agent

Background—Heparin administration is usually limited to intravenous or subcutaneous injection. Oral delivery of heparin is an alternative to this and has been in great demand for treating patients who are at a high risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. In this study, new heparin derivatives were synthesized to enhance the oral absorption of heparin in the gastrointestinal tract. Methods and Results—By using heparin of 3000 Da [LMWH(3 kDa)], heparin of 6000 Da [LMWH(6 kDa)], and unfractionated heparin (UFH), we synthesized 3 kinds of conjugates of heparin and deoxycholic acid (DOCA): LMWH(3 kDa)-DOCA, LMWH(6 kDa)-DOCA, and UFH-DOCA. After oral administration of 100 mg/kg of heparin-DOCA, the maximum activated partial thromboplastin times of the LMWH(3 kDa)-DOCA, LMWH(6 kDa)-DOCA, and UFH-DOCA were 31.0±6.0, 87.8±11.1, and 51.0±8.7 seconds, respectively. The peak plasma concentrations of LMWH(3 kDa)-DOCA, LMWH(6 kDa)-DOCA, and UFH-DOCA were 0.06±0.02, 0.76±0.15, and 0.41±0.13 IU/mL, respectively. The bioavailability of LMWH(6 kDa)-DOCA at the 20-mg/kg dosage was calculated to be 7.8%. Conclusions—LMWH(6 kDa)-DOCA was found to have a high anticoagulant effect when administered orally and could be used as a new oral anticoagulant agent. Furthermore, the present work proposed a new method for oral delivery of macromolecules and polysaccharide drugs.
Impact of A Short-Term, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program on the Well-Being of Infertile Women: A Mixed-Method Study

Background Mind-body skills groups represent an experiential approach to teaching antistress techniques that can enable a person to achieve mindfulness, self-awareness and self-reflection, to engage in self-care. This study examined whether a short-term mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program improved the well-being of infertile women. Methods A cohort of 25 women was enrolled at a public academic center of reproductive medicine, while on the waiting list for in vitro fertilization (IVF). The MBSR intervention consisted of 12 weekly sessions of mindfulness meditation, relaxation, autogenic training, biofeedback and guided imagery. The participants completed a qualitative, open-ended questionnaire and the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) questionnaire to assess anxiety, depressed mood, positive well-being, self-control, general health and vitality, before and after the intervention period. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and by 95% confidence interval. Results The qualitative analysis revealed 5 central themes in patients’ responses to the questionnaires: connections, self-discovery, stress relief, learning and consciousness. Total PGWBI score increased by 17% (mean difference 14.1 ± 3.9 points, p<0.01), and all subscales improved after the intervention course compared with the preintervention values. Conclusions Both qualitative and quantitative assessment suggest that a 12-week MBSR program may improve the general well-being of infertile women awaiting IVF.
Longitudinal pathways from early maternal depression to children’s dysregulated representations: a moderated mediation analysis of harsh parenting and gender

ABSTRACT There is some evidence linking maternal depression, harsh parenting, and children’s internal representations of attachment, yet, longitudinal examinations of these relationships and differences in the developmental pathways between boys and girls are lacking. Moderated mediation growth curves were employed to examine harsh parenting as a mechanism underlying the link between maternal depression and children’s dysregulated representations using a nationally-representative, economically-vulnerable sample of mothers and their children (n = 575; 49% boys, 51% girls). Dysregulation representations were measured using the MacArthur Story Stem Battery at five years of age (M = 5.14, SD = 0.29). Harsh parenting mediated the association between early maternal depression and dysregulated representations for girls. Though initial harsh parenting was a significant mediator for boys, a stronger direct effect of maternal depression to dysregulated representations emerged over time. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for intervention efforts aimed at promoting early supportive parenting.
The Criminal Career Paradigm

Criminal careers have long occupied the imaginations of criminologists. Since the 1986 publication of the National Academy of Sciences report on criminal careers and career criminals, a variety of theoretical, empirical, and policy issues have surfaced. Data on key criminal career dimensions of prevalence, frequency, specialization, and desistance have raised theoretical questions regarding the patterning of criminal activity over the life course. Recent research has identified important methodological issues, including the relationship between past and future criminal activity, and potential explanations for this relationship: state dependence and persistent heterogeneity. Advanced statistical techniques have been developed to address these challenges. Criminal career research has identified important policy issues such as individual prediction of offending frequency and career duration, and has shifted the focus toward the interplay between risk and protective factors.
Therapy for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy--in reply.

In Reply Drs Abbott and Zee comment on the possibility of lower urinary melatonin levels serving as a marker for underlying circadian misalignment related to cumulative shift work. We have also contemplated the possibility that melatonin levels are simply a reporter of circadian alignment rather than a marker for abnormal glucose metabolism. Melatonin levels among individuals in the NHS have been shown to be inversely associated with the number of night shifts performed in the 2 weeks preceding the measurement,1 whereas no association was found between melatonin levels and the total number of years of previous shift work for individuals in the NHS.2 This suggests that shift work likely does not have a sustained effect on melatonin secretion. Additionally, the association of increased shift work with increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes shown in the NHS cohort appeared to be largely mediated by increased body mass index,3 whereas the association of melatonin with incident type 2 diabetes in our study was independent of body mass index. Nevertheless, we think that Abbott and Zee raise an important issue about the relationship between other forms of chronic circadian misalignment and melatonin secretion. If the low levels of nocturnal melatonin secretion within our cohort were indeed attributable to circadian misalignment due to factors other than prior or current shift work, then the association between low melatonin secretion and incident type 2 diabetes could simply represent an association of circadian misalignment and incident type 2 diabetes. Careful studies are needed to delineate which circadian intervention may be suited to beneficially affect glucose metabolism and whether melatonin levels are a modifiable risk factor.
Athena - A Web Powered Mentoring Solution in the Milieu of Higher Education

In this paper, a web powered solution to the growing inaccessibility of expertise and support in the form of academic and career counseling to a large section of the student community, especially in developing nations, has been proposed. A prototypical implementation of the model solution has been studied and a few envisaged extensions have been enumerated.
Does Immigration Policy Affect the Education-Occupation Mismatch? Evidence from Australia

This paper analyses the impact of a change in Australia's immigration policy, introduced on 1st July 1999, on migrants' probability of being over-/under-educated or correctly matched. The policy change consists of stricter entry requirements about age, language ability, education, and work experience. The results indicate that those who entered under more stringent conditions – the second cohort – have a lower probability to be overeducated and a correspondingly higher probability of being better matched than those in the first cohort. The policy change appears to have reduced the incidence of over-education among women, enhanced the relevance of being educated in Australia to be correctly matched, and attracted a higher proportion of immigrants that were already under-utilised (or over-achieving) in their home countries. Overall, the policy appears to have brought immigrants that reduced the over-under-education of Australia's labour market.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COGNITIVE EMOTION REGULATION STRATEGIES WITH DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS IN STUDENTS

هديكچ شهوژپ اـب ناجيه يتخانش ميظنت ياهدربهار هطبار يسررب فده اب رضاح قـيقحت شور زا هدافتـسا اـب نايوجشناد رد سرتسا و بارطضا ،يگدرسفا دش ماجنا يگتسبمه ـ يفيصوت . نيدب شور هب روظنم هنومن يفداـصت يريگ يا هـشوخ 235 يوجـشناد ) 102 و رـسپ 133 رـتخد ( روـن ماـيپ هاگـشناد هاشنامرك يگنايم اب ينس ن 31 / 23 راـيعم فارـحنا و 53 / 2 و دندـش باـختنا ناجيه يتخانش ميظنت همانشسرپ ) CERQ ( بارطضا ،يگدرسفا سايقم و سرتسا و ) DASS-21 ( دندومن ليمكت ار . ياه شور زا هدافتسا اب اه هداد لـيلحت و هيزجت يگتسبمه سيرتام و يريغتم دنچ سنايراو ليلحت يرامآ دندش . طابترا زا يكاح جياتن تـبثم زـكرمت اـب يگدرسفا نيب يفنم / هـمانرب تبثم يايزرا و يزير / دوـب رـت عيـسو هاگدـيد . ،يگدرـسفا نيـب نيـنچمه ناـجيه يتخانـش ميـظنت دـمآراكان ياهدربهار همه اب سرتسا و بارطضا ) شريذـپ و يرادنپ هعجاف ،يركف راوخشن ،دوخ شنزرس ،نارگيد شنزرس ( دمآ تسد هب تبثم يگتسبمه . فلؤم نيب زا ،ناـجيه يتخانـش ميظنت ياه ه و رـسپ نايوجـشناد نيـب يرادانعم توافت يركف راوخشن ي هفلؤم رد طقف تشاد دوجو رتخد . نايوجـشناد سرتـسا و بارطـضا ،يگدرسفا نازيم نيب تشادن دوجو يتوافت زين رتخد و رسپ . ،قوف جياتن نتفرگ رظن رد اب رـظن هـب و يـناور ،ينامـسج تملاس شيازفا يارب دسر يم ،نايوجـشناد يعاـمتجا يزير همانرب رب زكرمتم ناجيه ميظنت يتخانش ياهدربهار شزومآ / زـكرمت تسا يرورض رايسب تبثم ددجم يبايزرا و تبثم .
Radiation Changes the Metabolic Profiling of Melanoma Cell Line B16

Radiation therapy can be an effective way to kill cancer cells using ionizing radiation, but some tumors are resistant to radiation therapy and the underlying mechanism still remains elusive. It is therefore necessary to establish an appropriate working model to study and monitor radiation-mediated cancer therapy. In response to cellular stress, the metabolome is the integrated profiling of changes in all metabolites in cells, which can be used to investigate radiation tolerance mechanisms and identify targets for cancer radiation sensibilization. In this study, using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance for untargeted metabolic profiling in radiation-tolerant mouse melanoma cell line B16, we comprehensively investigated changes in metabolites and metabolic network in B16 cells in response to radiation. Principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis indicated the difference in cellular metabolites between the untreated cells and X-ray radiated cells. In radiated cells, the content of alanine, glutamate, glycine and choline was increased, while the content of leucine, lactate, creatine and creatine phosphate was decreased. Enrichment analysis of metabolic pathway showed that the changes in metabolites were related to multiple metabolic pathways including the metabolism of glycine, arginine, taurine, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis. Taken together, with cellular metabolome study followed by bioinformatic analysis to profile specific metabolic pathways in response to radiation, we deepened our understanding of radiation-resistant mechanisms and radiation sensibilization in cancer, which may further provide a theoretical and practical basis for personalized cancer therapy.
GENETIC LOAD: THREE VIEWVS' 1. The Concept of Genetic Load: A Critique

CURRENT METHODS of assessment of genetic hazards of radiation in man depend on answering satisfactorily three broad questions. The first question requires information on the incidence of diseases, defects, and deaths primarily of genetic origin, an estimate of our hereditary burden. The second question relates to an ascertainment of the fraction of this burden that is dependent for its maintenance on recurrent mutation. The third question is concerned with determination of relationships between a given dose of radiation and a corresponding increase in mutation rates under a variable set of physical and biological conditions. The available evidence from observations in man and experimental organisms is largely restricted to answering the first and the third questions. The second question has given rise to theoretical thinking, some speculation and some controversy. (United Nations, 1962). If our hereditary burden is maintained by recurrent mutation, any permanent increase in current radiation levels would proportionately increase such illeffects eventually. Muller (1950) presented a most illuminating thesis along this line. An alternative mechanism has long been known to students of population genetics which could maintain, in theory, a major fraction of this burden without necessarily relying on recurrent mutation (Fisher, 1930; Wright, 1931; Haldane, 1932; Ford, 1940). Linder the simplest genetic model of a population, with segregation of two allelic genes A and a at a locus, this mechanism depends upon a selective advantage of the intermediate genotype
Reversed Facial Images and the Mere-Exposure Hypothesis

The mere-exposure hypothesis was tested in a new context in which the plausibility of a demand-characteristics explanation was minimized. It was assumed that Person has more frequently been exposed to her mirror image than true image, whereas Person's Friend or Lover has more frequently been exposed to Person's true image than mirror image. According to the mere-exposure hypothesis, Person should prefer her mirror image, whereas her Friend or Lover should prefer Person's true image. A single frontal facial photograph of Person was printed in such a way that one print corresponded to Person's true image and another to her mirror image. In two studies, Person was found reliably to prefer her mirror image over her true image, whereas the reverse tendency characterized preferences of Person's Friend or Lover. The "mere-exposure" hypothesis (Zajonc, than other stimuli, suggesting that partici1968), that the mere repeated exposure of an pants' intuition could possibly account for individual to a stimulus is a sufficient condi- the exposure-affect relationship found in the tion for the enhancement of stimulus evalu- other studies. Stang suggested that the variation, has been studied extensively. In the ables investigated be more carefully embedded basic within-participants design, individuals in plausible cover stories and, at the very initially view unfamiliar stimuli, such as non- least, that postexperimental inquiries regardsense words, ideographs, or facial photographs, ing demand characteristics be made. Morea varying number of times and subsequently land and Zajonc (1976) recently addressed rate these materials along either good/bad or the demand issue in a study in which exlike/dislike dimensions. Typically, the stimuli posure frequency was a between-partid pants that are seen more frequently receive more manipulation. Participants appeared to have favorable evaluations, in accord with the ex- been unaware of the experimental hypothesis posure hypothesis. as revealed by postexperimental inquiries, A serious problem in nearly all of the and the mere-exposure hypothesis was corstudies involving the experimental manipula- roborated.
Labour market issues

The continuing low employment rates and general labour market disadvantage of Indigenous Australians have been well documented (Altman & Nieuwenhuysen 1979; Daly 1995; Hunter 2004a). However, our understanding of the reasons for this labour market disadvantage is constrained by the limited data available for the Indigenous population. This lack of understanding hampers the development of labour market and related policies to improve labour market outcomes for Indigenous Australians.
Enhanced Induction of T Cell Immunity Using Dendritic Cells Pulsed with HIV Tat and HCMV-pp65 Fusion Protein In Vitro

Background Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) appear to play an important role in the control and prevention of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. The pp65 antigen is a structural protein, which has been defined as a potential target for effective immunity against HCMV infection. Incorporation of an 11 amino acid region of the HIV TAT protein transduction domain (Tat) into protein facilitates rapid, efficient entry into cells. Methods To establish a strategy for the generation of HCMV-specific CTLs in vitro, recombinant truncated N- and C-terminal pp65 protein (pp65 N&C) and N- and C-terminal pp65 protein fused with Tat (Tat/pp65 N&C) was produced in E.coli system. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with pp65 N&C or Tat/pp65 N&C protein and immune responses induced was examined using IFN-γ ELISPOT assay, cytotoxicity assay and tetramer staining. Results DCs pulsed with Tat/pp65N&C protein could induce higher T-cell responses in vitro compared with pp65N&C. Moreover, the DCs pulsed with Tat/pp65 N&C could stimulate both of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses. The T cells induced by DCs pulsed with Tat/pp65 N&C showed higher cytotoxicity than that of pp65-pulsed DCs against autologous lymphoblastoid B-cell line (LCL) expressing the HCMV-pp65 antigen. Conclusion Our results suggest that DCs pulsed with Tat/pp65 N&C protein effectively induced pp65-specific CTL in vitro. Tat fusion recombinant protein may be useful for the development of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy and DC-based vaccines.
Predictive control of a three-phase power converter coupled with LCL filter

A predictive control scheme to control the phase currents of a three-phase power converter coupled to the electric grid by means of an LCL network is developed. This kind of coupling offers several advantages when compared to pure inductive coupling networks, namely a greater attenuation of switching harmonics and a smaller size. Equations that model the behavior of the current through the LCL network in terms of the applied voltages are, however, more complicated to obtain. In this paper the difference equations required to implement a discrete predictive control scheme are obtained and tested by simulations when it is operated as an inverter and as a controlled rectifier.
Outsourcing of innovation

This paper looks at the outsourcing of research and development (R&D) activities. We consider cost reducing R&D and allow manufacturing firms to decide whether to outsource the project to research subcontractors or carry out the research in-house. We use a principal-agent framework and consider fixed and revenue-sharing contracts. We solve for the optimal contract under these constraints. We find that allowing for revenue-sharing contracts increases the chance of outsourcing and improves economic efficiency. However, the principal may still find it optimal to choose a contract that allows the leakage to occur—a second-best outcome when leakage cannot be monitored or verified. Stronger protection of trade secrets can induce more R&D outsourcing without inhibiting technology diffusion and increase economic efficiency, as long as it does not significantly lengthen the product cycle.
Hope and mood changes throughout the primary brain tumor illness trajectory.

BACKGROUND The ambiguity of defining hope impacts the level of readiness faced by health care professionals treating patients with glioma, a disease with unpredictable outcomes. This study describes the report of hope and the relationship between hope and mood in adult brain tumor patients at various points in the illness trajectory. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study with data collection including use of the Herth Hope Index (HHI), the Profile of Mood States-Short Form (POMS-SF), and clinical information. Descriptive statistics were used to report sample characteristics. Spearman's rho and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare and differentiate scores. RESULTS Eighty-two patients ranging in age from 22 to 78 years (median, 44.5 y) participated in the study. Patients were primarily male (57.3%), married (76.8%), and had a high-grade glioma (35.4%). Nearly half had recurrence, and more than 20% were on active treatment. The overall HHI total score for the sample was 41.32 (range: 13-48). Patients with recurrence had a lower HHI interconnectedness (median = 14.00) score and higher total mood disturbance (median = 14.00) compared with patients without recurrence (median = 15.00 and median = 0.00, respectively; P < .05). All negative mood states on the POMS-SF were negatively correlated with HHI subscales. CONCLUSIONS Overall, patients reporting more hope also reported less overall mood disturbance As expected, patients with tumor recurrence reported lower hope and higher mood disturbance than those who were newly diagnosed or without recurrence. Targeting interventions specifically tailored to an individual's needs for improvement in quality of life throughout the disease course may include measures to address hope in order to facilitate positive coping strategies.
Distributed data centric similarity storage scheme in wireless sensor network

Due to the sensor hardware inaccuracy and deviation of environmental parameter, detection of imprecise data by sensor is very likely. Hence, similarity searching problem is receiving significant consideration and became an important problem to resolve. However, most of the state-of-the-art Data Centric Storage (DCS) Schemes lack optimization for similarity query of the events. This paper proposes a distributed metric based data centric similarity storage scheme (DMDCS). DMDCS takes the advantage of the idea of a vector index method, called iDistance and transforms the issue of similarity searching into the problem of interval search in one dimension. Experimental results show that DMDCS yields significant improvements on the efficiency of data querying compared with existing approaches.
Gauging Performance of Contractual Employees. Developing and Proposing a Conceptual Model

Current business trends have an immense focus on the performance management of contingent work force. Almost all organizations hire contractual employees to support the core employees. So gauging the performance of contractual employees is an obvious requirement for the globalised organizations. In this paper, certain important facets which can contribute to performance of contractual employees will be discussed thus enhancing motivation of contractual employees. Supportive communication climate, Proactive Knowledge Sharing, Workplace safety, Performance based pay, Team work, Person- Environment fit(P-E Fit) and Training are crucial factors which can accelerate the performance of contractual employees thus leading to organization's success. The immense focus on these areas will aid in developing strategies for not only benefiting but also retaining the contractual employees. This study will be a valuable addition to the understudied aspect of enhancing and motivating contractual workforce.