Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Imaging Algorithm of Missile-Borne SAR

Compared with the tradition synthesis aperture radar (SAR), the missile borne SAR has the characteristics including big squint angle, non-straight movement with non-constant velocity and high flight speed, which bring forward a crucial great of requirements for real time performance and the precision of the motion compensation. The proposed algorithm based on chirp scaling for high squint missile borne SAR imaging processing accommodates the condition of movements and the validity is showed with simulations.
The Density and Length of Root Hairs Are Enhanced in Response to Cadmium and Arsenic by Modulating Gene Expressions Involved in Fate Determination and Morphogenesis of Root Hairs in Arabidopsis

Root hairs are tubular outgrowths that originate from epidermal cells. Exposure of Arabidopsis to cadmium (Cd) and arsenic [arsenite, As(III)] increases root hair density and length. To examine the underlying mechanism, we measured the expression of genes involved in fate determination and morphogenesis of root hairs. Cd and As(III) downregulated TTG1 and GL2 (negative regulators of fate determination) and upregulated GEM (positive regulator), suggesting that root hair fate determination is stimulated by Cd and As(III). Cd and As(III) increased the transcript levels of genes involved in root hair initiation (RHD6 and AXR2) and root hair elongation (AUX1, AXR1, ETR1, and EIN2) except CTR1. DR5::GUS transgenic Arabidopsis showed a higher DR5 expression in the root tip, suggesting that Cd and As(III) increased the auxin content in the root tip. Knockdown of TTG1 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased root hair density and decreased root hair length compared with the control (Col-0) on 1/2 MS media. This phenotype may be attributed to the downregulation of GL2 and CTR1 and upregulation of RHD6. By contrast, gem mutant plants displayed a decrease in root hair density and length with reduced expression of RHD6, AXR2, AUX1, AXR1, ETR1, CTR1, and EIN2. Taken together, our results indicate that fate determination, initiation, and elongation of root hairs are stimulated in response to Cd and As(III) through the modulation of the expression of genes involved in these processes in Arabidopsis.
Recombinant pediocin in L actococcus lactis: increased production by propeptide fusion and improved potency by co‐production with PedC

We describe the impact of two propeptides and PedC on the production yield and the potency of recombinant pediocins produced in Lactococcus lactis. On the one hand, the sequences encoding the propeptides SD or LEISSTCDA were inserted between the sequence encoding the signal peptide of Usp45 and the structural gene of the mature pediocin PA‐1. On the other hand, the putative thiol‐disulfide oxidoreductase PedC was coexpressed with pediocin. The concentration of recombinant pediocins produced in supernatants was determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The potency of recombinant pediocins was investigated by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentration by agar well diffusion assay. The results show that propeptides SD or LEISSTCDA lead to an improved secretion of recombinant pediocins with apparently no effect on the antibacterial potency and that PedC increases the potency of recombinant pediocin. To our knowledge, this study reveals for the first time that pediocin tolerates fusions at the N‐terminal end. Furthermore, it reveals that only expressing the pediocin structural gene in a heterologous host is not sufficient to get an optimal potency and requires the accessory protein PedC. In addition, it can be speculated that PedC catalyses the correct formation of disulfide bonds in pediocin.
Why Do Parents Become Involved? Research Findings and Implications

A decade ago, Hoover‐Dempsey and Sandler offered a model of the parental involvement process that focused on understanding why parents become involved in their children’s education and how their involvement influences student outcomes. Since then, we and others have conducted conceptual and empirical work to enhance understanding of processes examined in the model. In this article (companion to Walker and colleagues’ article about scale development on the model in this issue), we review recent work on constructs central to the model’s initial question: Why do parents become involved in children’s education? Based on this review, we offer suggestions for (1) research that may deepen understanding of parents’ motivations for involvement and (2) school and family practices that may strengthen the incidence and effectiveness of parental involvement across varied school communities.
Remodeling of Membrane Properties and Dendritic Architecture Accompanies the Postembryonic Conversion of a Slow into a Fast Motoneuron

The postembryonic acquisition of behavior requires alterations in neuronal circuitry, which ultimately must be understood as specific changes in neuronal structure, membrane properties, and synaptic connectivity. This study addresses this goal by describing the postembryonic remodeling of the excitability and dendritic morphology of an identified motoneuron, MN5, which during the metamorphosis ofManduca sexta (L.) changes from a slow motoneuron that is involved in larval-crawling behavior into a fast adult flight motoneuron. A fivefold lower input resistance, a higher firing threshold, and an increase in voltage-activated K+current contribute to a lower excitability of the adult MN5, which is a prerequisite for its newly acquired behavioral role. In addition, the adult MN5 displays larger Ca2+ currents. The dendrites of MN5 undergo extensive remodeling. Drastic regression of larval dendrites during early pupal stages is followed by rapid growth of new dendrites. Critical changes in excitability take place during the onset of adult dendrite formation. Larval Ca2+currents are absent when dendritic remodeling is most dramatic but increase markedly during later development. Changes in Ca2+ and K+ currents follow different time courses, allowing the transient occurrence of Ca2+ spikes during pupal stages when new dendritic branching ceases. The adult MN5 can produce prolonged Ca2+ spikes after K+ currents are reduced. We suggest that alterations in Ca2+ and K+ currents are necessary for the participation of MN5 in flight behavior and that the transient production of Ca2+ spikes may influence postembryonic dendritic remodeling.
From the baker to the bedside: yeast models of Parkinson's disease

The baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been extensively explored for our understanding of fundamental cell biology processes highly conserved in the eukaryotic kingdom. In this context, they have proven invaluable in the study of complex mechanisms such as those involved in a variety of human disorders. Here, we first provide a brief historical perspective on the emergence of yeast as an experimental model and on how the field evolved to exploit the potential of the model for tackling the intricacies of various human diseases. In particular, we focus on existing yeast models of the molecular underpinnings of Parkinson’s disease (PD), focusing primarily on the central role of protein quality control systems. Finally, we compile and discuss the major discoveries derived from these studies, highlighting their far-reaching impact on the elucidation of PD-associated mechanisms as well as in the identification of candidate therapeutic targets and compounds with therapeutic potential.
Schedule Table Generation for Time-Triggered Mixed Criticality Systems

Recent research in real-time scheduling for mixed criticality systems has centered on an event-triggered/prioritydriven approach to scheduling. Current practice in many safetycritical domains, however, favors a time-triggered approach. We present here an effective and flexible approach for applying mode changes for time-triggered systems to handle mixed criticality job sets. It is based on a heuristic search algorithm for constructing schedule tables for the different criticalities: a change of criticality levels results in a change in the schedule table that is being used. The sequence of steps in case of a change of criticality level is known beforehand. We present a search-tree based framework for our heuristic search, and derive a heuristic function for guiding the search that significantly reduces the search space for backtracking by swapping search decisions over several levels in the search tree.
WHO IS THE LEADER? DYNAMIC ROLE ALLOCATION THROUGH COMMUNICATION IN A POPULATION OF HOMOGENEOUS ROBOTS

The field of collective robotics has been raising increasing interest in the last few years. In the vast majority of works devoted to collective robotics robots play all the same function, while less attention has been paid to groups of robots with different roles (teams). In this paper we evolve a population of homogeneous robots for dynamically allocating roles through bodily and communicative interactions. Evolved solutions are not only able to efficiently decide who is the leader, but are also robust to changes in team’s size, demonstrating the ability of Evolutionary Robotics to find efficient and robust solution to difficult design challenges by relying on self-organizing principles. Our evolved system might be used for improving robots’ performance in all the cases in which robots have to accomplish collective tasks for which the presence of a leader might be useful.
SocialNLP 2017 The Fifth International Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Social Media Proceedings of the Workshop AFNLP SIG SocialNLP

This paper presents a survey on hate speech detection. Given the steadily growing body of social media content, the amount of online hate speech is also increasing. Due to the massive scale of the web, methods that automatically detect hate speech are required. Our survey describes key areas that have been explored to automatically recognize these types of utterances using natural language processing. We also discuss limits of those approaches.
Metric learning by active crowdsourcing

Introduction Effective systems for visual reasoning must cope with input variability caused by many different factors. In response, a variety of approaches have attempted to learn image representations that are invariant to photometric and geometric distortions. Methods like Boost-SSC/PSH [1], variants of Neighborhood Components Analysis (NCA) [2, 3, 4] and Dimensionality Reduction by Learning an Invariant Mapping (DrLIM) [5] use supervised learning to map high-dimensional images to a low-dimensional space in which nearest neighbors are easily computable, and observations that are perceptually similar have high measurable similarity. However, these methods employ a binary notion of pairwise similarity, either through predefined classes or by thresholding real-valued labels. Such labelings are expensive to obtain, often difficult to define and cannot represent graded similarity which may benefit learning. In recent years, Amazon Mechanical Turk and other crowd-sourcing platforms have emerged as a way of accelerating vision and other tasks, often for rapid labeling of massive image datasets. Most of these techniques ask the participants to explicitly provide desired segmentations, feature points, configurations, pose, or class labels. For continuous domains, especially for similarity measures, people have more difficulty supplying consistent labels. We propose a new paradigm for learning invariant mappings: active crowd sourcing through imitation. Consider the problem of learning an embedding in which people in similar pose lie close-by. The first step in this task is to obtain many images of people in similar pose but with different clothing, backgrounds, lighting and other appearance changes. Obtaining this data is time-consuming. Moreover, judging the degree of similarity between observations is non-trivial and inconsistent across observers. Other works (e.g. [1, 6, 7]) have used synthetic renderings to a modest degree of success, but we believe there is a better source of real data that exhibits the same amount of variability a model would observe at test time. Given an image of a person in pose, people have a remarkable ability to mimic its content. Therefore, we can exploit the abundance of webcams to quickly crowd-source a massive dataset of people in similar pose by asking people to imitate images (Fig. 1a). A key aspect of our approach is the use of temporal coherence in video to both increase the number of similar examples and introduce graded similarity, which we demonstrate improves the quality of the embedding. Temporal coherence has been used to learn invariant features [9] but in a very different context. These methods directly learn from frames of video while we use video only as a source of seed images presented to users. Our model learns only from user-contributed imitations, many of which could correspond to a single frame of the original video. We use scene cuts and correspondence by frame number to determine the graded similarity of the imitations.
Drug Abuse Among The Youth In Kenya

Drug abuse is one of the top problems confronting the nation today especially among the youth. Incidences of drug and alcohol abuse and related anti-social behaviour have tremendously increased in recent years. This has become a matter of concern to the government, parents, teachers, Non-governmental organisations and all other relevant agencies. The Kenya government has recognised the seriousness of the drug problem and initiated the National Campaign against Drug Abuse (NACADA) in early 2001. This organisation is charged with the responsibility of coordinating activities of individuals and organisations in the campaign against drug abuse. Its mandate is to initiate public education c ampaign and develop an action plan aimed at curbing drug abuse by the youth. The study found that drug use and abuse among youth is increasing despite the control mechanisms that have been put in place. The paper recommended that as a first step to prevent and control drug abuse, parents should be sensitised on the dangers of drug abuse, the attendant problems and their functions as role models; schools should have a drug prevention curriculum from Kindergarten onwards teaching that drug use is wrong and harmful and that there is need for initiation of rehabilitation programmes for drug dependent persons. Key Terms: Addiction, Drug abuse, Effects, youth ————————————————————
New Integrated Case And Relation Based (CARE) Page Rank Algorithm

Information retrieval mechanisms from the web become tedious as the amount of content is growing dynamically every day. The semantic web has an idea of connecting, integrating and analyzing data from various data sources and forming a new information flow, hence a web of databases connected with each other and machines interacting with other machines to yield results which are user oriented and precise. A New Integrated Case And Relation Based Page Rank Algorithm have been proposed to rank the results of a search system based on a user's topic or query. This paper proposes an optimized semantic searching of keywords represent by simulation an ontology with a proposed algorithm which ramifies the effective semantic retrieval of information which is easy to access and time saving.
A family of PFC voltage regulator configurations with reduced redundant power processing

This paper discusses a systematic method for deriving basic converter configurations that achieve power factor correction (PFC) and voltage regulation. The discussion begins with a general three-port representation of power supplies that provide PFC and voltage regulation. Based on this representation and a power flow consideration, a systematic procedure is derived to generate all possible minimal configurations. Among these configurations, only a few have been known previously and used in practice. It is found that the efficiency of PFC voltage regulators can be improved by reducing the amount of redundant power to be processed by the constituent converters. A systematic circuit synthesis procedure is proposed for creating PFC voltage regulators with reduced redundant power processing. Experimental measurements verify the improved efficiency.
Character-focused Narrative Planning

Because narrative plays such a key role in the understanding of events in our daily lives, the ability to generate narrative can be of great use in virtual reality systems whose purpose is to entertain, train, or educate their users. Narrative generation, however, is complicated by the conflicting goals of plot coherence – the appearance that events in the narrative lead towards the narrative’s outcome – and character believability – the appearance that events in the narrative are driven by the traits of the story world characters. Many systems are capable of achieving either one or the other; we present a new approach to narrative generation in the Actor Conference system, which is capable of generating narratives with both plot coherence and character believability.
Locus of Enterocyte Effacement: A Pathogenicity Island Involved in the Virulence of Enteropathogenic and Enterohemorragic Escherichia coli Subjected to a Complex Network of Gene Regulation

The locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) is a 35.6 kb pathogenicity island inserted in the genome of some bacteria such as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic E.coli, Citrobacter rodentium, and Escherichia albertii. LEE comprises the genes responsible for causing attaching and effacing lesions, a characteristic lesion that involves intimate adherence of bacteria to enterocytes, a signaling cascade leading to brush border and microvilli destruction, and loss of ions, causing severe diarrhea. It is composed of 41 open reading frames and five major operons encoding a type three system apparatus, secreted proteins, an adhesin, called intimin, and its receptor called translocated intimin receptor (Tir). LEE is subjected to various levels of regulation, including transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulators located both inside and outside of the pathogenicity island. Several molecules were described being related to feedback inhibition, transcriptional activation, and transcriptional repression. These molecules are involved in a complex network of regulation, including mechanisms such as quorum sensing and temporal control of LEE genes transcription and translation. In this mini review we have detailed the complex network that regulates transcription and expression of genes involved in this kind of lesion.
Using fixed-priority scheduling with deferred preemption to exploit fluctuating network bandwidth

Fixed Priority Scheduling with Deferred Preemption (FPDS) offers a balance between Fixed Priority Non-preemptive Scheduling (FPNS) and Fixed Priority Preemptive Scheduling (FPPS), by allowing preemptions only at specified preemption points. It provides finer grained preemptions than FPNS, improving the schedulability of higher priority tasks, and a coarser grain preemptions than FPPS, reducing switching overhead incurred during arbitrary preemptions. In this paper we investigate the extent of improvement of FPDS with respect to FPPS and qualify the costs of switching multiple resources under FPPS and FPDS, and the cost of a preemption point. It forms a starting point for our research into employing FPDS in an industrial case study, to improve an existing multimedia processing system from the surveillance domain. We focus on extending FPDS with optional preemption points, to guarantee resource provisions to tasks in spite of fluctuating resource availability, in the context of reservation-based multi-resource sharing.
Catching‐Up and Technological Progress of the ASEAN Economies

Total factor productivity growth of the five ASEAN founding members is estimated by decomposing total factor productivity growth into technical efficiency and technological progress. By using the stochastic frontier model with individual‐specific temporal pattern of technical efficiency for the period of 1981–2003, the present paper identifies the unique temporal pattern of productivity changes in each country, to analyze the relationship between country characteristics and the inherent efficiency and productivity changes. The empirical results indicate that over the study period, growth in Singapore and Malaysia was largely driven by both technological progress and input accumulation, whereas growth in Thailand was induced by an improvement in technical efficiency and through input accumulation.
Measuring the representativeness of index terms in literary texts: an experiment on the Quran

Concept hierarchy is a hierarchically organized collection of domain concepts. It is particularly useful in many applications such as information retrieval, document browsing and document classification. One of the important tasks in the construction of concept hierarchy is the identification of suitable terms with appropriate size of domain vocabulary. One way of achieving such a size is by using term reduction. The aim of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of the reduction approach to reduce the size of vocabulary using term selection methods. An experiment has been conducted on the Quran which is assumed to be a literary text. The experiment compares the entropy method, the transition point method and the hybrid of transition point and entropy methods with the Vector Space Model (VSM). Results indicate the effectiveness of the Transition Point method as compared to the others in reducing the size of the vocabulary but at the same time preserve those important terms that exist in the literary documents.
Stakeholder’s requirements and perspectives for future collaboration in solar projects -Applied on Chalmers university campus using Backcasting methodology and stakeholder management

The current conventional energy production and forecast for fulfilling the demand of future energy need with conventional energy production pose a serious threat to the humanity. With abundant energy source and huge technology advancement, solar energy is one of many magic pills that could drive the world towards sustainable energy use. This thesis explores the possibilities of new collaboration and strengthening the existing collaboration between stakeholders involved in Chalmers University, especially stakeholders involved in solar energy projects. The thesis uses Backcasting as a methodology to find the problems in the current system (Chalmers university campus) and also uses some of the stakeholder management concepts to map and analyse the requirements of stakeholders involved in the Chalmers university campus solar projects. The thesis is divided into two parts. Part1 describes Challenge lab process and Part2 describes the collaboration of stakeholders for solar energy on Chalmers university campus. In Part2 mapping of stakeholders’ involved in Chalmers campus is done and also the perspectives of different stakeholders are pointed out. Finally, dialogue between various stakeholders conducted as part of trust building activity and also to share the perspectives and ideas between stakeholders so as to lay a foundation for future collaborative sustainable solar projects is discussed. The outcome of dialogue and information gained from the dialogue by the stakeholders set a base for results of this thesis and also suggestions to the stakeholders for future collaborative projects.