Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Coordinating Gene Expression and Axon Assembly to Control Axon Growth: Potential Role of GSK3 Signaling

Axon growth requires the coordinated regulation of gene expression in the neuronal soma, local protein translation in the axon, anterograde transport of synthesized raw materials along the axon, and assembly of cytoskeleton and membranes in the nerve growth cone. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) signaling has recently been shown to play key roles in the regulation of axonal transport and cytoskeletal assembly during axon growth. GSK3 signaling is also known to regulate gene expression via controlling the functions of many transcription factors, suggesting that GSK3 may be an important regulator of gene transcription supporting axon growth. We review signaling pathways that control local axon assembly at the growth cone and gene expression in the soma during developmental or regenerative axon growth and discuss the potential involvement of GSK3 signaling in these processes, with a particular focus on how GSK3 signaling modulates the function of axon growth-associated transcription factors.
How Nearly do Arriving Customers See Time-Average Behavior?

Customers arriving at a queue do not usually see its time-average behavior unless arrivals occur according to a Poisson process. In this article we study how nearly customers see time-average behavior. We give total variation error bounds for comparing the distance between the time- and customer-average distributions of a queueing system in terms of properties of the interarrival distribution. Some refinements are given for special cases and numerical computations are used to demonstrate the performance of the inequalities.
Künstliche Intelligenz: Special Issue on Companion Technologies Interview with David E. Smith

David E. Smith is a senior Researcher in the Intelligent Systems Division at NASA Ames Research Center. He received his Ph.D. in 1985 from Stanford University, and spent time as a Research Associate at Stanford, a Scientist at the Rockwell Palo Alto Science Center, and a Visiting Scholar at the University of Washington before joining NASA in 1997. Beginning in 1999, he served as the lead of the 18 member planning and scheduling group at NASA Ames for six years before abdicating to devote more time to research. Much of his research has focused on pushing the boundaries of AI planning technology to handle richer models of time, concurrency, exogenous events, uncertainty, and oversubscription. Smith served as an Associate Editor for the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR) from 2001-2004, and as Guest Editor for the JAIR Special Issue and Special Track on the 3rd and 4th International Planning Competitions. He served on the JAIR Advisory Board 2004-2007. Smith was recognized as a AAAI Fellow in 2005, and served on the AAAI Executive Council 2007-2010.
Lyapunov and Riccati equations of discrete-time descriptor systems

In this paper, we further develop the generalized Lyapunov equations for discrete-time descriptor systems given by Bender. We associate a stable discrete-time descriptor system with a Lyapunov equation which has a unique solution. Furthermore, under the assumptions of reachability and observability, the solutions are guaranteed to be positive definite. All results are valid for causal and noncausal descriptor systems. This provides a unification of Lyapunov equations and theories established for both normal and descriptor systems. Based on the developed Lyapunov equation, a Riccati equation is also obtained for solving the state-feedback stabilization problem.
Selling Price and Marketing Time in the Residential Real Estate Market

This paper examines the complex relationship between selling price, listing price, housing features, housing market conditions, and marketing time in a large sample of single-family homes. A key finding is that, for houses of equal quality, marketing time varies with the level of contract mortgage rates. Overpricing by sellers is not a successful strategy, however, even under market conditions in which houses in general sell relatively quickly. Finally, marketing time is significantly shorter for newer homes, particularly those in medium or high price ranges, but a home's size has no significant effect on the number of days it remains on the market.
Binary planetary nebulae nuclei towards the Galactic bulge - II. A penchant for bipolarity and low-ionisation structures

Considerable effort has been applied towards understanding the precise shaping mechanisms responsible for the diverse range of morphologies exhibited by planetary nebulae (PNe). At least 10–20% of PNe have central stars (CSPN) with a close binary companion thought responsible for heavily shaping the ejected PN during common-envelope (CE) evolution, however morphological studies of the few available examples found no clear distinction between PNe and post-CE PNe. The discovery of several new binary central stars (CSPN) from the OGLE-III photometric variability survey has significantly increased the number of post-CE PNe available for morphological analysis to 30 PNe. High quality Gemini South narrow-band images are presented for most of the OGLE sample, while some previously known post-CE PNe are reanalysed with images from the literature. Nearly 30% of nebulae have canonical bipolar morphologies, however this could be as high as 60% once inclination effects are incorporated with the aid of geometric models. This is the strongest observational evidence yet linking CE evolution to bipolar morphologies. A higher than average proportion of the sample shows low-ionisation knots, filaments or jets suggesting they have a binary origin. These features are also common in nebulae around emission-line nuclei which may be explained by speculative binary formation scenarios for H-deficient CSPN.
Field stop IGBTs with dynamic clamping capability - a new degree of freedom for future inverter designs?

In this paper the dynamic clamping properties and design aspects of modern IGBT devices are discussed, a detailed characterization of a dynamic clamping optimized single IGBT chip is shown as well as the way to the integration into a big high current IGBT module. The upcoming possible advantages both for the designer of an inverter as well as for the chip producer are addressed. Also hints are given concerning the topics to solved before product introduction like suitable diode design as well as all reliability aspects
The Consequences of Spatial Structure for the Evolution of Pathogen Transmission Rate and Virulence

The distribution of organisms in space can be an important mediator of species interactions, but its evolutionary effects on those interactions are only beginning to be explored. These effects may be especially relevant to pathogen‐host interactions. A detailed understanding of how and when spatial structure will affect the evolution of pathogen traits is likely to aid our ability to control rapidly emerging infectious diseases. Here we review a growing body of theoretical studies suggesting that spatial structure can lead to the evolution of an intermediate pathogen transmission rate and virulence. We explain the results of these studies in terms of a competition‐persistence trade‐off. These studies strongly suggest that local host interactions, local host dispersal, and relatively low host reproduction rates create a host population spatial structure that enforces this trade‐off and leads to the evolution of lower pathogen transmission rates and virulence. They also suggest that when spatial structure exists, it can dominate over the shape of the transmission‐virulence trade‐off in determining pathogen traits. We also identify important areas of future research, including quantifying pathogen fitness in a spatial context in order to gain a more mechanistic understanding of the effects of spatial structure and observationally and experimentally testing theoretical predictions.
Notice of RetractionStudy on the volunteers management of non-profit organization in China

Volunteers are not only important production resources of the society, but also most unique human resources of non-profit organization. With the developing of non-profit organization in China, volunteers are playing an increasingly important role in non-profit organizations. As a form of social organization, if non-profit organizations want to seek the development in transitional period of China, they must emphasize the management of volunteers in the non-profit organization. Therefore, this paper analyses volunteers management problems of the current non-profit organization in China, and attempts to solve them from the following aspects: first, we should develop good internal and external environment to attract talented volunteers; second, non-profit organizations should improve the management efficiency of the volunteers; third, perfect the system of volunteers training mechanism; fourth, we should develop effective measures to motivate volunteers.
The Homeopathic Preparation Nervoheel N can Offer an Alternative to Lorazepam Therapy for Mild Nervous Disorders

In an open-label, prospective non-randomized cohort study, we compared the effectiveness and tolerability profiles of the homeopathic remedy Nervoheel N with those of the benzodiazepine, lorazepam, in 248 patients with insomnia, distress, anxieties, restlessness or burnout and similar nervous conditions (‘mild nervous disorders’). Patients were treated with Nervoheel N or lorazepam at the recommended doses for a maximum of 4 weeks. Dose variations were allowed if in the patient's best interest. Treatment effects were evaluated by the practitioner in a dialogue with the patient at the start of treatment, after 2 weeks and after maximally 4 weeks of treatment. Tolerability data were recorded as adverse events. At baseline, lorazepam patients were on average slightly older and there was a somewhat greater percentage of men in this group than in the Nervoheel group. Both treatment groups reported significant symptomatic improvements of similar magnitude during the course of the study. The sum of symptom scores improved by 4.4 points with Nervoheel N and by 4.2 points with lorazepam. The differences between the treatment groups were not significant. All differences between treatments were within 10% of the maximum score ranges, demonstrating non-inferiority of Nervoheel N. Both treatments were well tolerated, with few adverse events and very good self-assessed tolerability ratings by the patients. Thus, in patients who opt for a homeopathic treatment regimen for the short-term relief of mild nervous disorders, the effects of Nervoheel N are non-inferior to those of lorazepam.
LSE Precoders for Massive MIMO with Hardware Constraints: Fundamental Limits

This paper proposes the nonlinear Least Square Error (LSE) precoders for multiuser MIMO broadcast channels. The output signals of LSE Precoders are limited to be chosen from a predefined set which let these precoders address several constraints such as peak power limitation, constant envelope transmission and discrete constellations. We study the large-system performance of these precoders via the replica method from statistical physics, and derive a closed-form expression for the asymptotic distortion. Our results demonstrate that an LSE precoder with the output peak-to-average power ratio of $3~{\rm dB}$ can track the performance of the Regularized Zero Forcing (RZF) precoder closely. As the peak-to-average power ratio reduces to one, the constant envelope precoder is recovered. The investigations depict that the performance of the RZF precoder is achieved by the constant envelope precoder with $20\%$ of more transmit antennas. For $M$-PSK constellations, our analysis gives a lower-bound on the asymptotic distortion which is tight for moderate antenna-to-user ratios and deviates as the ratio grows. We improve this bound by deriving the replica solution under one-step of replica symmetry breaking. Our numerical investigations for this case show that the bound is tight for antenna-to-user ratios less than $5$.
Time recognition of video clock for live event alert system

In this paper, we propose an algorithm to recognize the time of video clock in broadcast soccer videos. A naive OCR approach to the problem will be confounded by standard image segmentation issues such as merged digits and low-resolution. In contrast, our methods achieve robustness by exploiting the domain knowledge governing clock digit transitions. The time periodicity information enables the reliable recognition of overlaid digit video clock and also facilitates self-consistency checks. A robust time recognition algorithm was presented in our previous papers. However, that algorithm requires the precise ROI (Region Of Interest) as its input. Besides inheriting the existing techniques this paper proposes two new ones to overcome the impreciseness of ROIs. The first one is the extended-ROI digit transit periodicity detection. It can correctly detect the second transit even though the known ROI is not precise. The second one is a Hough-like search for precise second ROI in digit-sequence similarity measure. Experimental results on 70 soccer video clips confirm that our methods can achieve the accurate results.
Determining the disparity-blur equation and deriving its concurrent algorithm

This paper derives the disparity-blur equation, which describes an explicit relationship between stereo disparity and blur and thereby suggests a method for depth estimation by combining the two quantities. Because disparity and blur are two different aspects of the same 3D point, a direct geometric relationship in the image plane exists between them. The disparity-blur equation can be used as a constraint for computing disparity and blur together.
The >, ⊥ approach for truncated semantics

In previous work [1] we argue that in order for temporal logic to be useful in incomplete verification methods such as simulation or bounded model checking, it is necessary to define semantics over truncated paths. A truncated path is a path which is finite, but not necessarily maximal. The semantics on truncated paths is based on three views: the weak view, the neutral view and the strong view. In [1] we have defined the semantics explicitly for each view. That is, the semantics of formulas is interpreted over a pair consisting of a word over 2 (where P is the set of atomic propositions) and a view which is either weak or neutral or strong. Here we suggest an alternative, more concise, approach for giving the semantics, which is achieved by interpreting the formulas over words from the alphabet 2 ∪ {>,⊥} where > and ⊥ are
Cognitive Screening for the Safe Driving Competence of Older People with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Early Dementia

With a predictable relationship between driving safety and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early dementia yet to be firmly established, this project aimed first to describe the on-road driving preformance of a group of older people with MCI or early dementia, and second to validate a new cognitive screening instrument, the Maze Task, developed to indicate the likely competence of older drivers with MCI or early dementia. 115 community-dwelling older drivers with MCI or early dementia were recruited through their association with the Memory Clinic, RGH. Partcipants completed the Maze Task, and immediately thereafter, a standardized on-road driving test. 70% of participants failed the on-road test, most broke an important road law, and nearly half required physical intervention to prevent a car crash. Almost 50% of those with MCI failed the driving test, while 75% of those with early dementia failed the same test. On-road driving faults were related to poor planning and observation skills, an inability to monitor and control the speed of the car, poor car positioning, confusion with pedals, and a lack of anticipatory or defensive driving. These results raise concern about the safe driving competence of older drivers with MCI or early dementia, and highlight the need for cognitive screening of driving ability. The Maze Task was found to be simple, brief to administer and score, and safe and acceptable to study participants. Maze Task scores were not influenced by sociodemographic variables. The association between the Maze Task and known measures of attention, visuoconstructional skills, and executive functions of planning and foresight may explain its predicitve validity. That is, the Maze Task discriminated with high accuracy those participants who passed the on-road test from those who failed the same test. Cognitive screening of older drivers in the primary care setting, with the Maze Task, requires further investigation. Notes • ATSB reports are disseminated in the interest of information exchange. • The views expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the Australian Government.
Adaptive fault-tolerant data flooding for energy-aware sensor networks

Flooding technique is widely using to manipulate sensor network essential activities such as synchronization, data gathering, network query and in-network information processing. Reliable and low latency data broadcasting is the primary goat in design of appropriate quality of service aware flooding algorithm. This paper proposes a new error rate adaptive reliable data flooding strategy. Energy consumption which is the main limitation in sensor network, has been considered in optimal presented scheme. Also the tradeoff between reliability, power consumption and latency has been cared to achieve the finest devise. The simulation results have shown significant enhancement in quality of data transmission compared with traditional flooding and conventional wireless reliable transmission algorithm.
A Computational Profiling of Changes in Gene Expression and Transcription Factors Induced by vFLIP K13 in Primary Effusion Lymphoma

Infection with Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has been linked to the development of primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that is characterized by loss of expression of most B cell markers and effusions in the body cavities. This unique clinical presentation of PEL has been attributed to their distinctive plasmablastic gene expression profile that shows overexpression of genes involved in inflammation, adhesion and invasion. KSHV-encoded latent protein vFLIP K13 has been previously shown to promote the survival and proliferation of PEL cells. In this study, we employed gene array analysis to characterize the effect of K13 on global gene expression in PEL-derived BCBL1 cells, which express negligible K13 endogenously. We demonstrate that K13 upregulates the expression of a number of NF-κB responsive genes involved in cytokine signaling, cell death, adhesion, inflammation and immune response, including two NF-κB subunits involved in the alternate NF-κB pathway, RELB and NFKB2. In contrast, CD19, a B cell marker, was one of the genes downregulated by K13. A comparison with K13-induced genes in human vascular endothelial cells revealed that although there was a considerable overlap among the genes induced by K13 in the two cell types, chemokines genes were preferentially induced in HUVEC with few exceptions, such as RANTES/CCL5, which was induced in both cell types. Functional studies confirmed that K13 activated the RANTES/CCL5 promoter through the NF-κB pathway. Taken collectively, our results suggest that K13 may contribute to the unique gene expression profile, immunophenotype and clinical presentation that are characteristics of KSHV-associated PEL.
Reachability-based Impact as a Measure for Insiderness

Insider threats pose a difficult problem for many organisations. While organisations in principle would like to judge the risk posed by a specific insider threat, this is in general not possible. This limitation is caused partly by the lack of models for human behaviour, partly by restrictions on how much and what may be monitored, and by our inability to identify relevant features in large amounts of logged data. To overcome this, the notion of insiderness has been proposed, which measures the degree of access an actor has to a certain resource. We extend this notion with the concept of impact of an insider, and present different realisations of impact. The suggested approach results in readily usable techniques that allow to get a quick overview of potential insider threats based on locations and assets reachable by employees. We present several variations ranging from pure reachability to potential damage to assets causable by an insider.
Debrisoquine hydroxylase polymorphism in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.

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Increasing the Locality of Iterative Methods and Its Application to the Simulation of Semiconductor Devices

Irregular codes are present in many scientific applications, such as finite element simulations. In these simulations the solution of large sparse linear equation systems is required, which are often solved using iterative methods. The main kernel of the iterative methods is the sparse matrix—vector multiplication which frequently demands irregular data accesses. Therefore, techniques that increase the performance of this operation will have a great impact on the global performance of the iterative method and, as a consequence, on the simulations. In this paper a technique for improving the locality of sparse matrix codes is presented. The technique consists of reorganizing the data guided by a locality model instead of restructuring the code or changing the sparse matrix storage format. We have applied our proposal to different iterative methods provided by two standard numerical libraries. Results show an impact on the overall performance of the considered iterative method due to the increase in the locality of the sparse matrix—vector product. Noticeable reductions in the execution time have been achieved both in sequential and in parallel executions. This positive behavior allows the reordering technique to be successfully applied to real problems. We have focused on the simulation of semiconductor devices and in particular on the BIPS3D simulator. The technique was integrated into the simulator. Both sequential and parallel executions have been analyzed extensively in this paper. Noticeable reductions in the execution time required by the simulations are observed when using our reordered matrices in comparison with the original simulator.