Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reference-free harmonic regression technique to remove EEG-fMRI ballistocardiogram artifacts

Obtaining high quality electroencephalogram (EEG) data simultaneously with functional MRI (fMRI) recordings is increasingly relevant for the study of cognitive and clinical brain states - as EEG-fMRI offers uniquely high spatiotemporal resolution imaging of brain activity. However, the utility of this technique is limited by ballistocardiogram (BCG) artifacts induced in the EEG by cardiac pulsation and head movement inside the magnetic field. In this paper, we introduce a novel model-based harmonic regression technique to remove BCG artifacts from EEG recorded in the MR scanner. Our technique uses physically motivated parametric models of the BCG artifact and the true EEG signal, and incorporates maximum likelihood approaches to identify model parameters, estimate and subtract the BCG from corrupted EEG measurements. We show that this method effectively removes BCG artifacts from EEG recorded in the MR scanner, restores simulated oscillatory signatures and enables over 20-fold improvement in SNR in bands of interest. Further, unlike common BCG removal techniques that rely on cardiac or motion reference signals, our approach is reference-free and thus is useful when reference signals are corrupted or difficult to acquire.
Cochlear nerve projections to the small cell shell of the cochlear nucleus: The neuroanatomy of extremely thin sensory axons

Labeling cochlear nerve fibers in the inner ear of chinchillas with biotinylated dextran polyamine was used to trace the thin fibers (Type II), which likely innervate outer hair cells. These axons, 0.1–0.5 μm in diameter, were distinguished from the thicker Type I, fibers innervating inner hair cells, and traced to small‐cell clusters in the cochlear nucleus. This study provided two major new insights into the outer hair cell connections in the cochlear nucleus and the potential significance of very thin axons and synaptic nests, which are widespread in the CNS. 1) EM serial reconstructions of labeled and unlabeled material revealed that Type II axons rarely formed synapses with conventional features (vesicles gathered at junctions). Rather, their endings contained arrays of endoplasmic reticulum and small spherical vesicles without junctions. 2) Type II axons projected predominantly to synaptic nests, where they contacted other endings and dendrites of local interneurons (small stellate and mitt cells, but not granule cells). Synaptic nests lacked intrinsic glia and, presumably, their high‐affinity amino acid transporters. As functional units, nests and their Type II inputs from outer hair cells may contribute to an analog processing mode, which is slower, more diffuse, longer‐lasting, and potentially more plastic than the digital processors addressed by inner hair cells. Synapse 33:83–117, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A research on complex network of Chinese interprovincial migration based on the fifth population census

Based on complex network analysis methods, this paper uses the fifth census data and 2005 national 1% population sample survey data to preliminarily compare and analyse the structure characteristics and network complexity of Chinese interprovincial migration network. We calculate three network indices of complex network model: centrality degree, clustering coefficient, and dispersion. We estimate whether or not Chinese interprovincial migration network has complex network characteristics. The results show: (1) Chinese interprovincial migration network has a certain complex network characteristics; (2) The destinations of migration usually concentrate in the eastern coastal areas, and the origins of migration usually concentrate in the central areas, while population mobility of the western areas is low; (3) A few “hub” nodes, such as Beijing, Guangzhou, and so on support Chinese interprovincial migration network; (4) The distribution between degrees and province number has “long tail” distribution characteristics, Chinese interprovincial migration network is a scale-free network.
Union Wage Differentials in the Face of Changes in the Economic and Legal Environment

This paper examines changes in union wage differentials in Britain between 1980 and 1984 on the basis of two comparable establishment-level data sets. This period saw considerable economic and legislative change with potential effects on the outcomes of collective bargaining. Despite these changes, the mean differential has little change between these two years, and what there is is attributable to compositional changes, such as the shift away from the manufacturing sector and the downward shift in the establishment size distribution. The impact of the changes in unemployment and union coverage that took place is found to be minimal. Copyright 1991 by The London School of Economics and Political Science.
Do Broad‐Based Employee Ownership, Profit Sharing and Stock Options Help the Best Firms Do Even Better?

This article analyses the linkages among group incentive methods of compensation (broad-based employee ownership, profit sharing and stock options), labour practices, worker assessments of workplace culture, turnover and firm performance in firms that applied to the ‘100 Best Companies to Work For in America’ competition from 2005 to 2007. Although employers with good labour practices self-select into the 100 Best Companies firms sample, which should bias the analysis against finding strong associations among modes of compensation, labour policies and outcomes, we find that employees in the firms that use group incentive pay more extensively participate more in decisions, have greater information sharing, trust supervisors more and report a more positive workplace culture than in other companies. The combination of group incentive pay with policies that empower employees and create a positive workplace culture reduces voluntary turnover and increases employee intent to stay and raises return on equity.
Identification of Monetary Policy Shocks: A graphical causal approach

This paper develops a structural VAR methodology based on graphical models to identify the monetary policy shocks and to measure their macroeconomic effects. The advantage of this procedure is to work with testable overidentifying models, whose restrictions are derived by the partial correlations among residuals plus some institutional knowledge. This permits to test some restrictions on the reserve market used in several approaches existing in the literature. The main findings are that neither VAR innovations to federal funds rate nor innovations to nonborrowed reserves are good indicators of monetary policy shocks.
Bisphenol A, phthalate metabolites and glucose homeostasis in healthy normal-weight children

Introduction Bisphenol A and several of the most commonly used phthalates have been associated with adverse metabolic health effects such as obesity and diabetes. Therefore, we analyzed these man-made chemicals in first morning urine samples from 107 healthy normal-weight Danish children and adolescents. Method This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited as part of the Copenhagen Puberty Study. The subjects were evaluated by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, direct oxygen uptake measurement during cycle ergometry and fasting blood samples. First morning urine was collected and phthalate metabolites and BPA were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) with prior enzymatic deconjugation. Individual chemical concentrations were divided into tertiles and analyzed in relation to biological outcome. Results Children in the lowest tertile of urinary BPA had significantly higher peak insulin levels during OGTT (P = 0.01), lower insulin sensitivity index (P < 0.01), higher leptin (P = 0.03), triglyceride (P < 0.01) and total cholesterol levels (P = 0.04), lower aerobic fitness (P = 0.02) and a tendency toward higher fat mass index (P = 0.1) compared with children in the highest tertile for uBPA. No significant differences in anthropometrics, body composition or glucose metabolism were associated with any of the phthalate metabolites measured. Conclusion This pilot study on healthy normal-weight children suggests an inverse association between BPA and insulin resistance. Our findings contrast other cross-sectional studies showing a positive association for BPA, which may be due to confounding or reverse causation because diet is an important source of both BPA exposure and obesity.
Exploring the Elements of Housing Price in Malaysia

This informative study explores the elements of housing price in Malaysia and found the price is affected by many factors. This study of great practical significance has shown that house prices are determined by the demand for attributes, not only of the dwelling units themselves, but also of the region in which the units are located. There are many structural, neighborhood and locational attributes that could have brought impacts on house prices (Chin, Chau, & Ng, 2004). Structural characteristics, location-specific factors, and neighbourhood characteristics may define various sub-markets. Sub-markets may be deﬁned by structure type (e.g. single-family detached, row house, town home, and condominium), by structural characteristics (property age housing consumers may have strong preferences for newly constructed properties or for historic properties), or by neighbourhood characteristics (e.g., public education and public safety). Results show that the housing price in Malaysia evidently depends on population, demand and supply, location, physical characteristic, accessibility, developer, cost of material and income. It is also influenced by neighbourhood factors as people nowadays will likely choose a better neighbourhood. These factors determine whether the housing price will be high or low. In summary, the government must take an active role to monitor and take appropriate measures to control property prices.
Does the Gravity Model Explain South Koreas's Trade Flows?

This paper applies the gravity model to explain South Korea's bilateral trade flows and to extract practical trade policy applications. A trade structure and an Asian‐Pacific trade network are included in the gravity equation to characterize the peculiarity of South Korea's trade patterns. The empirical result shows that South Korea's trade follows a Heckscher–Ohlin model more than an increasing returns or a product differentiation model. South Korea has large unrealized trade potentials with Japan and China, suggesting that they are desirable partners for an FTA. North–South Korean trade will expand markedly if bilateral relation normalizes and North Korea participates in APEC.
The role of Power Doppler ultrasonography in comparison with biological markers in the evaluation of disease activity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of Power Doppler Ultrasonography (PDUS) compared with biological markers, in the assessment of disease activity in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). METHODS Forty hospital visits were studied comprising 32 patients with JIA, during one year of follow-up. Each patient underwent clinical, laboratory and ultrasound (PDUS) evaluation. The physician global assessment score on the visual analog scale (PhGA) was used as a standard for assessing disease activity, based on previous studies. The PDUS signal was scored according to a semiquantitative four grade scale (0-3). RESULTS PDUS assessment of synovial vascularisation was more sensitive than erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or C-reactive protein (CRP) in identification of the active disease: 90.4% vs. 57% and 28.5% respectively. CRP had a higher specificity (94%) in comparison with PDUS (89.5%). A significant association between clinical examination (PhGA) and PDUS score or ESR was found. Kappa statistics revealed a high level of agreement between PhGA and PDUS score (k=0.799) and a low level of agreement between PhGA and biological markers (k=0.356 and k=0.225 respectively). Patients with higher PDUS score (>or=2), ESR>or=30 mm/h or CRP>or=2 mg/dl were more likely to have active disease. CONCLUSION Laboratory tests used today are not sufficiently sensitive for the prediction of active disease. PDUS assessment of synovial vascularisation is a technique with good sensitivity and specificity, thus it may be a beneficial criteria for evaluating disease activity in JIA, completing conventional clinical examination.
HR as business partner during mergers and acquisitions

Purpose – This paper seeks to highlight the important role human resource (HR) plays in organizations during mergers and acquisitions.Design/methodology/approach – The paper looks at the role of HR in various organizations that have undergone mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and captures the criticality of HR getting involved early during the process.Findings – The paper provides case studies illustrating that if HR is involved from the early stages of the M&A deal, the chances of success are higher than if HR gets involved only after the merger has taken place.Practical implications – The paper includes a number of case studies of successful and failed M&As and draws out the lessons for HR.Social implications – The paper draws out the factors that help to ensure that mergers and acquisitions are good for the companies and employees involved, as well as for society as a whole.Originality/value – The paper looks at the process of mergers and acquisitions from a mainly Indian context.
Relay Selection in Two-Way Full-Duplex Energy-Harvesting Relay Networks

In this paper, we investigate the optimization of the power splitting factor and the relay selection problem in two-way full-duplex (FD) relay networks, where the relays are wirelessly powered by harvesting a portion of the received signal power from the sources. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that the two-way FD relays with simultaneous wireless and information transfer (SWIPT) capabilities are investigated. For each relay, we prove the quasi- convexity of the power splitting (PS) factor optimization and obtain the optimal PS factor in terms of the outage probability by linear search. We propose two relay selection schemes that minimize the outage probability and maximize the sum capacity respectively. The performance improvement over the random selection scheme and the all- participate scheme is demonstrated by simulations.
Becoming a profession: crafting professional identities in public relations

Since its beginnings in the WWI propaganda machine, public relations (PR)has had a murky image as the influential force at the sidelines of powerful groups in society. Despite this shadowy existence, the predominant professional body for PR, the Chartered Institute of Public Relations (CIPR)has looked to professionalise the industry. This research explores how these tensions and ontradictions play out in the construction of professional identities by examining the on-going construction, contestation and attempted closure of a professional body within a wider web of power relations, and its relationship and resonance with those practicing PR. Utilising a combination of interviews, participant observation and document analysis, the thesis argues that discourses circulating in texts generated by the CIPR constructs the subject position of the PR professional as someone who is committed to continual development and learning through the professional body’s credentialised resources. Nevertheless, this professional subject position isn’t always salient in practitioners’ identity work where the majority of ractitioners draw on alternative discourses that centre on their level of experience and access to powerful networks. The dominant subject position that PR practitioners construct in their identity work is that of shapeshifter: someone who continually adapts their performance of identity with different audiences in order to do their job. This indicates that the CIPR needs to consider how its professional subject position can reflect practitioners’ experience of their work as centring on relationships and adaptation to different contexts. As such, this research contributes to the literature on identities and knowledge work by highlighting the importance of the shapeshifter identity whilst also providing a more nuanced appreciation of how ambiguity operates in knowledge workers’ identity construction. It also contributes to the sociology of the professions by demonstrating that closure and credentialism are not the most salient discourses for the modern professional. Keywords: identities, profession, knowledge work, becoming, PR
Isotype profiles of anti-influenza antibodies in mice bearing the xid defect

The humoral response to influenza A/PR8 virus was examined in the CBA/N and C3J.xid strains of mice, both of which bear an X-linked genetic defect (xid), and in strains lacking this defect. Hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titers and measurement of virus-specific antibodies by solid-phase radioimmunoassay indicated that the xid defect does not impair the production of an adequate anti-influenza antibody response. However, investigation of the isotypes of PR8 virus-specific antibodies disclosed a relative decrease in the levels of IgG3 and IgG1 in the xid-bearing strains. This was observed after both intraperitoneal immunization and aerosol infection. The isotype differences were not reflected in the susceptibility of these strains to influenza virus infection.
Corporate climate change‐related governance practices and related disclosures: evidence from Australia

This paper investigates the climate change-related corporate governance disclosure practices of five major Australian energy-intensive companies over a 16-year period. In doing so, a content analysis instrument is developed to identify disclosures made in relation to various policies and procedures the organisations have in place for addressing the issues associated with climate change. This instrument is applied to the respective companies' annual reports and sustainability reports. An increasing trend is found in companies' climate change-related corporate governance disclosures over time; however, in many instances the disclosures provide limited insights into the climate change-related risks and opportunities confronting the sample companies.
Potassium Fluxes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (II. Compartmental Analysis)

42K+ and 86Rb+ were used to determine the subcellular distribution of potassium in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by compartmental analysis. In both wild type and a mutant strain, three distinct compartments (referred to as I, II, and III) were apparent. Using 42K+, we found that these had half-lives for K+ exchange of 1.07 min, 12.8 min, and 2.9 h, respectively, in wild-type cells and 0.93 min, 14.7 min, and 9.8 h, respectively, for the mutants. Half-lives were not significantly different when 86Rb+ was used to trace K+. Compartments I and II probably correspond to the cell wall and cytoplasm, respectively. Based on the lack of a large central vacuole in Chlamydomonas, the effect of a dark pretreatment on the kinetic properties of compartment III and the similarity between the [K+] of compartment III and that of isolated chloroplasts, this slowly exchanging compartment was identified as the chloroplast. Growth of wild-type cells at 100 [mu]M (instead of 10 mM K+) caused no change of cytoplasmic [K+] but reduced chloroplast [K+] very substantially. The mutants failed to grow at 100 [mu]M K+.
Strategic Management of Intangible Assets and Value Drivers in R&D Organizations

This paper takes a resource-based view of the R&D process. Based on the literature, we forward a theory that allows us to predict the dynamic interaction and transformation of five key resources, namely human, relational, organizational, monetary, and physical. Utilizing visualization tools allows us to test this theory on various levels in order to draw insights from the data. The output of the analysis improves the strategic understanding of an organization. In particular, it improves the understanding of how intangible resources drive the value creation in an R&D organization. Further analysis of the data allows us to identify resources that are either under utilized or over utilized, which might indicate inefficiencies in the organizational performance.
New methods for assessing response in acute myeloid leukemia

Purpose of reviewPatients with acute myeloid leukemia typically are monitored with bone marrow biopsy 7–10 days after completion of induction therapy. However, this test has relatively poor sensitivity and specificity for classifying patients likely to have long-term cure or even patients who will need additional therapy to achieve complete remission. Several new methods of assessing response are being studied and are summarized in this review. Recent findingsMany new methods are being used to evaluate response assessment. Emerging data suggest that various types of clinical, chemical, and imaging biomarkers, as well as more sensitive techniques to measure minimal residual disease, can all help provide more accurate response assessment and prognostic information. SummaryNew techniques will improve the way we assess response to acute myeloid leukemia therapy. Larger confirmatory studies utilizing these novel markers of response to change treatment and to improve clinical outcomes are urgently needed.
Learning short-option valuation in the presence of rare events

We present a neural-network valuation of financial derivatives in the case of fat-tailed underlying asset returns. A two-layer perceptron is trained on simulated prices taking into account the well-known effect of volatility smile. The prices of the underlier are generated using fractional calculus algorithms, and option prices are computed by means of the Bouchaud-Potters formula. This learning scheme is tested on market data; the results show a very good agreement between perceptron option prices and real market ones.
Dual-Band LC VCO Architecture With a Fourth-Order Resonator

A dual-band LC voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) architecture suitable for GSM/PCS/DCS applications is presented. The VCO utilizes a fourth-order resonance tank and avoids quality-factor-deteriorating switches. The paper outlines the design tradeoffs and the VCO when using a fourth-order resonator. The 0.8-GHz/1.8-GHz test chip was fabricated in the 0.5-mum IBM-5AM SiGe process and has achieved phase noise of -134 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz frequency offset from the carrier, with 56-MHz and 121-MHz tuning ranges in the corresponding bands. The VCO core consumes 15 mW from a 2.5-V power supply