Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lexical-Functional Syntax

Acknowledgements. Prologue. Part I: On the Architecture of Universal Grammar:. 1. Nonconfigurationality. 2. Movement Paradoxes. 3. Lexicality and Argument Structure. Part II: Formally Modelling the Architecture:. 4. A Formal Model of Syntactic Structure. 5. Monotonicity and Some of Its Consequences. Part III: Inflectional Morphology and Phrase Structure Variation:. 6. A Theory of Structure-Function Mappings. 7. Endocentricity and Heads. 8. Pronoun Incorporation and Agreement. 9. Topicalization and Scrambling. Part IV: On Functional Structures: Binding, Predication, and Control:. 10. Basic Binding Theory. 11. Types of Bound anaphors. 12. Predication Relations. 13. Anaphoric Control. 14. From Argument Structure to Functional Structure. Problem Sets and Solutions. References. Index.
Development of a low‐cost hydrogel microextrusion printer based on a Kossel delta 3D printer platform

The core of bioprinting related research aims to reduce the gap between ex vivo cell cultures and in vivo cellular tissue models to further its application within the biomedical field. While additive manufacturing is touted as disruptive technology, bioprinter equipment costs exceed limited resource budgets of many research laboratories restricting the scope for further development for biomedical research and potential medical application. In line with this, a relatively low‐cost bioprinter (SidneV1, SV1) was successfully designed and manufactured using a low‐cost, commercially available FDM Delta 3D printer as a prototype base with a successfully custom designed and manufactured micro‐extrusion printhead. Printing accuracies assessed were 65% (for width measurements) and 64% (for height measurements). This study aimed to demonstrate a way to achieve low‐cost cell‐free hydrogel printing and establish the basis for future system modifications and refinements such that this technology becomes more accessible to under‐funded research groups in resource limited laboratories globally. Optimization of printing parameters, hydrogel and formulations and sterilization techniques will allow for the patterning and engineering of three‐dimensional macroscale scaffolds using this low‐cost printing technology.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards artificial intelligence among young pediatricians: A nationwide survey in France

Objective To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards artificial intelligence (AI) among young pediatricians in France. Methods We invited young French pediatricians to participate in an online survey. Invitees were identified through various email listings and social media. We conducted a descriptive analysis and explored whether survey responses varied according to respondents’ previous training in AI and level of clinical experience (i.e., residents vs. experienced doctors). Results In total, 165 French pediatricians participated in the study (median age 27 years, women 78%, residents 64%). While 90% of participants declared they understood the term “artificial intelligence”, only 40% understood the term “deep learning”. Most participants expected AI would lead to improvements in healthcare (e.g., better access to healthcare, 80%; diagnostic assistance, 71%), and 86% declared they would favor implementing AI tools in pediatrics. Fifty-nine percent of respondents declared seeing AI as a threat to medical data security and 35% as a threat to the ethical and human dimensions of medicine. Thirty-nine percent of respondents feared losing clinical skills because of AI, and 6% feared losing their job because of AI. Only 5% of respondents had received specific training in AI, while 87% considered implementing such programs would be necessary. Respondents who received training in AI had significantly better knowledge and a higher probability of having encountered AI tools in their medical practice (p < 0.05 for both). There was no statistically significant difference between residents’ and experienced doctors’ responses. Conclusion In this survey, most young French pediatricians had favorable views toward AI, but a large proportion expressed concerns regarding the ethical, societal, and professional issues linked with the implementation of AI.
Numerical simulation of turbomolecular pump over a wide range of gas rarefaction

A gas flow through a turbomolecular pump is modeled by the direct-simulation Monte Carlo method over a wide range of gas rarefaction covering the free-molecular, transitional, and hydrodynamic regimes. Several values of the rotor speed are considered. The main characteristics of the pump, such as maximum pumping speed and compression ratio, are reported. It is pointed out that in the range between the free-molecular and transitional regimes, the pump characteristics change slightly, but they vary significantly in the hydrodynamic regime. It is shown that the pumping speed increases in the hydrodynamic regime when the rotor speed is high, but it decreases for a small value of the speed. The compression ratio always decreases when approaching the hydrodynamic regime.
Vertical integration of anatomy curriculum in the undergraduate clinical education period: medical students’ perspectives

Objectives: The adaptation of the knowledge and skills acquired in preclinical medical education to the clinics by vertical integration would be more permanent when combined with clinical skills. The aim of the study was to determine the needs of the students in clinical internship education on anatomy and to plan the relevant anatomy subjects before clinical internships by rearranging the curriculum as needed. Methods: The study was carried out on a questionnaire form applied to 4th, 5th, and 6th-grade students of Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine. In addition to demographic information, 16 multiple-choice and open-ended evaluation questions were asked in the questionnaire. Results: 335 students participated in the study. 84.4% of the participants reported that they had needed basic anatomy knowledge and they had to study again before the clinical internship. 69.59% of the participants stated that among the courses taken in the basic sciences education period, anatomy should be integrated into the clinical internships. 88.24% of the participants stated that anatomy education should be integrated before starting clinical internships in the surgical departments. Conclusion: As a result of the feedback received from the students with the current study, it was seen that some of the anatomy information obtained during the preclinical basic sciences period was forgotten until the clinical internship period and they should be remembered again. We support that integrated clinical anatomy lessons should be taken into the clinical education period.
Thermodynamic Analysis of the Solubility of Sulfadiazine in (Acetonitrile 1-Propanol) Cosolvent Mixtures from 278.15 K to 318.15 K

Drug solubility is one of the most significant physicochemical properties as it is related to drug design, formulation, quantification, recrystallization, and other processes, so understanding it is crucial for the pharmaceutical industry. In this context, this research presents the thermodynamic analysis of the solubility of sulfadiazine (SD) in cosolvent mixtures {acetonitrile + 1-propanol} at 9 temperatures (278.15 K–318.15 K), which is a widely used drug in veterinary therapy, and two solvents of high relevance in the pharmaceutical industry, respectively. The solubility of SD, in cosolvent mixtures {acetonitrile + 1-propanol} is an endothermic process where the maximum solubility was reached in pure acetonitrile at 318.15 K and the minimum in 1-propanol at 278.15 K. Although the solubility parameters of acetonitrile and propanol were similar, the addition of acetonitrile to the cosolvent mixture leads to a positive cosolvent effect on the solubility of DS. As for the thermodynamic functions of the solution, the process is strongly influenced by enthalpy, and according to the enthalpy–entropy compensation analysis, the process is enthalpy-driven in intermediate to rich mixtures in 1-propanol and entropy-driven in mixtures rich in acetonitrile.
A Procedure to Estimate the Population Mean In Random Effects Models

A general procedure for estimating the population mean in random effects models of the nested and/of classification type is considered. The suggested estimator is unbiased and consistent (with respect to the structure of the experimental design). It is also optimal with respect to a particular quadratic, location-sensitive criterion. Finally, for experimental designs which contain a certain degree of structural balance, the suggested estimator coincides with the sample mean.
Wrong flowers? The evolutionary puzzle of Jongkindia (Passifloraceae s.l.), a new monotypic genus and tribe from Liberia, West Africa

Jongkindia, a small tree species endemic to a local area in southeast Liberia, is described as a new monotypic genus of Passifloraceae sens. lat. Its only species Jongkindia mulbahii combines floral characteristics of the Turneraceae and fruit characteristics of the Passifloraceae s.s. (or subfamily Passifloroideae in APG) and can therefore be regarded to occupy an isolated morphological position. This is confirmed here by DNA sequence-based phylogenetic analyses including most Passifloracean genera, which places it as sister to Passifloroideae. We delineate 16 morphological characters and their states and optimise them on our reconstructed phylogenetic tree. Based on these results we consider the Passifloraceae fruit characteristics (berries with arilled seeds) as synapomorphic for Passifloroideae. The monotypic Pibiria and Jongkindia are predominantly characterised by autapomorphies. On the other hand, the Adenia/Passiflora clade is characterised by polymorphisms. We place Jongkindia in a new tribe Jongkindieae Breteler & F.T. Bakker. A draft plastome sequence for Jongkindia mulbahii is presented and evidence for two mitome to plastome (mtpt) fragment transfers is discussed. Structurally the Jongkindia plastome appears similar to that of Populus, Adenia, Mitostemma, Dilkea, and Passiflora pittieri, but not to contain the previously-described major inversions within other, more derived, Passiflora plastomes.
Continuous time model predictive control design using orthonormal functions

Model predictive control has received wide attention from researchers in both industry and universities over the last two decades. Most approaches, however, were derived on the basis of discrete time models, and their corresponding continuous counter part is still in a relatively immature state of development because of obstacles in obtaining predictions and imposing constraints on the control variable. This paper shows that by using orthonormal functions to describe the trajectory of the control variable, these obstacles can be readily overcome and continuous time predictive control can be solved in a similar framework to the corresponding discrete time case. In addition, because of the parsimonious representation of the control trajectory, the algorithm developed here is computationally efficient. It is also easy to tune the closed-loop performance using two explicit tuning parameters. For several case studies, less than three parameters are required in the optimization procedure, which suggests that this procedure could offer substantial advantages when used in an on-line environment for both continuous and discrete cases.
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer in Two-phase Flow Boiling

In this article, an experimental investigation is performed to measure the boiling heat transfer coefficient of water flow in a microchannel with a hydraulic diameter of 500 μm. Experimental tests are conducted with heat fluxes ranging from 100 to 400 kW/m2, vapor quality from 0 to 0.2, and mass fluxes of 200, 400, and 600 kg/m2s. Also, this study has modified the liquid Froude number to present a flow pattern transition toward an annular flow. Experimental results show that the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient is not dependent on mass flux and vapor quality but on heat flux to a certain degree. The measured heat transfer coefficient is compared with a few available correlations proposed for macroscales, and it is found that previous correlations have overestimated the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient for the test conditions considered in this work. This article proposes a new correlation model regarding the boiling heat transfer coefficient in mini- and microchannels using boiling number, Reynolds number, and modified Froude number.
Multi-layered see-through movie in diminished reality

This paper presents generating a multi-layered see-through movie for an auto-stereoscopic display. This work is based on Diminished Reality (DR), which is one of the research fields of Augmented Reality (AR). In the usual AR, some virtual objects are added on the real world. On the other hand, DR removes some real objects from the real world. Therefore, the background is visualized instead of the real objects (obstacles) to be removed. We use multiple color cameras and one TOF depth camera. The areas of obstacles are defined by using the depth camera based on the distance of obstacles. The background behind the obstacles is recovered by planarprojection of multiple cameras. Then, the recovered background is overlaid onto the removed obstacles. For visualizing it through the auto-stereoscopic display, the scene is divided into multiple layers such as obstacles and background. The pixels corresponding to the obstacles are not visualized or visualized semi-transparently at the center viewpoints. Therefore, we can see that the obstacles are diminished according to the viewpoints.
A Complex Heterogeneous Network Model of Disease Regulated by Noncoding RNAs: A Case Study of Unstable Angina Pectoris

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important types of noncoding RNAs, and there is a lack of holistic and systematic understanding of the functions they play in disease. We proposed a research strategy, including two parts network analysis and network modelling, to analyze, model, and predict the regulatory network of miRNAs from a network perspective, using unstable angina pectoris as an example. In the network analysis section, we proposed the WGCNA & SimCluster method using both correlation and similarity to find hub miRNAs, and validation on two datasets showed better results than the methods using correlation or similarity alone. In the network modelling section, we used six knowledge graph or graph neural network models for link prediction of three types of edges and multilabel classification of two types of nodes. Comparative experiments showed that the RotatE model was a good model for link prediction, while the RGCN model was the best model for multilabel classification. Potential target genes were predicted for hub miRNAs and validation of hub miRNA-target gene interactions, target genes as biomarkers and target gene functions were performed using a three-step validation approach. In conclusion, our study provides a new strategy to analyze and model miRNA regulatory networks.
Opioid‐induced microbial dysbiosis disrupts irinotecan (CPT‐11) metabolism and increases gastrointestinal toxicity in a murine model

Opioids are commonly used for the management of cancer‐associated pain and chemotherapy‐induced diarrhoea. The chemotherapeutic irinotecan (CPT‐11) causes severe gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity due to deconjugation of inactive metabolite SN‐38 glucuronide (SN‐38G) by bacterial β‐glucuronidases to the active 7‐ethyl‐10‐hydroxycamptothecin (SN‐38). Opioids are known to cause gut microbial dysbiosis, this study evaluated whether CPT‐11 anti‐tumour efficacy and GI toxicity are exacerbated by opioid co‐administration.
The Remote Sensing of Thin Cirrus Cloud Using Satellites, Lidar and Radiative Transfer Theory

Abstract The problem of retrieving cirrus cloud optical depth from radiance measurements made by instruments aboard operational meteorological satellites is addressed. A method is proposed that exploits the relationship between observed differences in the near infrared (NIR) and infrared (IR) window radiances (expressed in terms of brightness temperature differences ΔT) and the optical depth of the cloud. The approach designed to test this method relies on the simultaneous collection of ground-based lidar and infrared radiometric (LIRAD) data, radiosonde data and bispectral satellite images. Two case studies are described for which independent estimates of satellite pixel and coincident time-averaged LIRAD optical depths are compared with radiative transfer calculations made for hypothetical clouds characterized by distributions of spherical ice particles. Such comparative analyses yield information about cloud microphysics and enable the selection of representative theoretical relationships between estim.
Rear‐edge daylily populations show legacies of habitat fragmentation due to the Holocene climate warming

Quaternary climate changes dramatically affected species' distributions and thus impacted genetic diversity patterns, particularly for rear‐edge populations. Empirical studies have shown the southernmost (rear‐edge), fragmented populations of Japanese woody plants can harbour high genetic diversity owing to their origin in southern glacial refugia. The effect of Holocene climate warming on rear‐edge populations has, however, rarely been demonstrated. We assessed whether the genetic structure of populations of temperate plants in Japan can be interpreted to show legacies of both icy (Last Glacial Maximum, LGM) and warm (Holocene) climates.
Multiscale coherent structures in tokamak plasma turbulence

A 12-tip poloidal probe array is used on the HT-7 superconducting tokamak [Li, Wan, and Mao, Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 42, 135 (2000)] to measure plasma turbulence in the edge region. Some statistical analysis techniques are used to characterize the turbulence structures. It is found that the plasma turbulence is composed of multiscale coherent structures, i.e., turbulent eddies and there is self-similarity in a relative short scale range. The presence of the self-similarity is found due to the structural similarity of these eddies between different scales. These turbulent eddies constitute the basic convection cells, so the self-similar range is just the dominant scale range relevant to transport. The experimental results also indicate that the plasma turbulence is dominated by low-frequency and long-wavelength fluctuation components and its dispersion relation shows typical electron-drift-wave characteristics. Some large-scale coherent structures intermittently burst out and exhibit a very long pol.
Theoretical Emission-Line Profiles of Active Galactic Nuclei and the Unified Model. I. The Face-on Torus

Theoretical emission-line profiles are obtained for active galactic nuclei (AGNs) taking into account the presence of an obscuring torus around the central energy source. For the sake of simplicity, the torus is represented by a cylindrical shell characterized by the inner and outer radius and the opening angle. In this paper we discuss the results with angle of sight equal to 0, i.e., for a face-on torus. Different line profiles are obtained following the torus parameters. The line profiles may show more than one peak and bumps, depending on the torus dimensions. The main parameter determining the number of peaks or bumps is the opening angle. Thus, the observed line shape may be a good indicator of the torus characteristics. As an example, the fit to the observed [O III] λ5007 emission line of NGC 4151 is presented. The model reproduces the FWHM and the asymmetrical bumps observed.
A Theory of Product-Form Strategy: When to Market Know-How, Components, or Systems?

Commercializing technological innovations is a strategic goal in entrepreneurial ventures and established firms. A fundamental decision that remains understudied in this context is the form in which the innovation is to be commercialized. The authors term this decision the firm's “product-form strategy” for the innovation. In Study 1, they employ a theories-in-use approach and, using in-depth interviews and field observations with technology entrepreneurs and angel investors, develop a theory of product-form strategy—to market the innovation as know-how, a component, or a system—and identify the primary drivers of this choice. The theory is tested using a multimethod, multicontext approach. In Study 2, the authors use proprietary investment proposals generated by entrepreneurial ventures when they seek support from angel investors. In Study 3, they test the theory using video transcriptions of technology proposals from the television show Shark Tank. In Study 4, the authors assess the internal validity of the theory with active angel investors as subjects. They find consistent support for their theory and conclude with implications for theory and managerial practice.
Propagation effects in the radio interferometry of polarized radiation: I. Spatial Fourier components of the Stokes parameters

Abstract We have analysed the spatial coherence of polarized radiation scattered in a random magnetoplasma. The major result is the prediction of a relative enhancement of the linear polarization fraction of received radiation for higher-order spatial harmonics. This is due to the scattering on the magnetic field irregularities in a random magnetoplasma. This effect may be detectable in the case of propagation of linearly polarized radiation through the terrestrial magnetosphere, or Jovian ionosphere, or the solar chromosphere. The relative enhancement in the content of linear polarization is due to a general property, namely chirality of the magnetoplasma, and hence may have general applications to chiral media, specifically as a means of analysing the spatial distribution in material specimens.
Ultrasonic Properties of Lead Zirconate Titanate Thin Films in UHF-SHF Range

We describe the ultrasonic properties of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films prepared by the sol-gel method. It is shown that the PZT thin film exhibits efficient transduction of bulk and surface acoustic waves in UHF-SHF range. A conversion loss of less than 4 dB is achieved for bulk wave excitation and detection at 1.7 GHz, where the electromechanical coupling factor k t reaches 30%. This indicates that the PZT thin film is promising for use in the development of large-bandwidth resonators and filters in modern communication systems as well as for high-frequency ultrasonic transducer applications.
Wavelets in the domain decomposition method for transient heat conduction equation

We solve the transient heat conduction equation in an L- shaped region using domain decomposition and boundary integrals. The iterations need to be carried out only on the interfaces between the subdomains unlike finite difference or finite element methods where the iterations are to be performed in the entire domain. Numerically, the problem reduces to the multiplication of dense matrices by vectors of boundary or initial values. The DAUB4 wavelet transform is used to compress the matrices which leads to computational advantage without loss of accuracy. This procedure, capable of parallel implementation, is an extension of the work of Zarantonello and Elton for Laplace equation in overlapping circular discs.