Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Engagement and Cooperation in Social Networks: Do Benefits and Rewards Help?

Engagement serves as an important metrics in judging the success of any online social network. It is thus important to identify how specific mechanisms can help build engagement. In this work, we investigate how rewarding members for their honesty can offer better engagement and raise the level of cooperativeness in the society. We define a write-rate game to simulate activities in an online forum like setting and conduct experiments with it. Our results show that providing right reward for honest actions promotes engagement and cooperation in the society.
X-ray spectral properties of high-redshift radio-loud quasars beyond redshift 4 - first results *

We present the results of X-ray spectroscopic observations with XMM-We present the results of X-ray spectroscopic observations with XMM-Newton for four high-redshift radio-loud quasars at z > 4. Among these, three objects, namely GB B1508 + 5714, PMN J0324 - 2918 and PKS B1251 - 407, do not show soft X-ray spectral flattening; the derived upper limits on assumed intrinsic absorption are (3.3-17.3) x 10(21) cm(-2), the least of which is among the most stringent limits for z > 4 quasars. There is a tentative indication for soft X-ray spectral flattening in PMN J1451 - 1512 at z = 4.76, though the significance is not high. These observations more than double the number of z > 4 radio-loud quasars that have X-ray spectroscopic data to seven, which compose a significant subset of a flux-limited sample of z > 4 radio-loud quasars. Based on this subset, we show, in the second part of this paper, some preliminary results on the overall X-ray spectral properties of the sample. Soft X-ray spectral flattening, which is thought to arise from intrinsic X-ray absorption, was found in about half of the sample (3/7 or 4/7). We give a preliminary distribution of the absorption column density N-H. For those with detected X-ray absorption, the derived N-H values fall into a very narrow range ( around a few times 10(22) cm(-2) for 'cold' absorption), suggesting a possible common origin of the absorber. This N-H distribution is consistent with that in the redshift range of 2-4, though the data are sparse. Those that do not show X-ray absorption are constrained to have upper limits on the N-H broadly consistent in general with the lower end of the distribution of the detected N-H. Compared to lower redshift samples at z 4, and an increase of the fraction of radio-loud quasars showing X-ray absorption towards high redshifts. These results indicate a cosmic evolution effect, which seems to be the strongest at redshifts around 2. There is a tentative tendency that objects showing X-ray absorption have X-ray fluxes systematically higher than those showing apparently no absorption. After the spectral flattening is accounted for, the rest frame 1-50 keV continua have photon indices with a mean of 1.64 and a standard deviation of 0.11 (or a mean of 1.67 and a standard deviation of 0.14 for a Gaussian fit). Variability appears to be common on time-scales from a few months to years in the quasar rest frame, sometimes in both fluxes and spectral slopes.
Outflows in Infrared-Luminous Starbursts at z < 0.5. II. Analysis and Discussion

We have performed an absorption-line survey of outflowing gas in 78 starburst-dominated, infrared-luminous galaxies. This is the largest study of superwinds at z ≲ 3. Superwinds are found in almost all infrared-luminous galaxies, and changes in detection rate with SFR—winds are found twice as often in ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) as in less-luminous galaxies—reflect different wind geometries. The maximum velocities we measure are 600 km s-1, though most of the outflowing gas has lower velocities (100-200 km s-1). (One galaxy has velocities exceeding 1000 km s-1.) Velocities in LINERs are higher than in H II galaxies, and outflowing ionized gas often has higher velocities than the neutral gas. Wind properties (velocity, mass, momentum, and energy) scale with galaxy properties (SFR, luminosity, and galaxy mass), consistent with ram-pressure driving of the wind. Wind properties increase strongly with increasing galactic mass, contrary to expectation. These correlations flatten at high SFR (≳10-100 M☉ yr-1), luminosities, and masses. This saturation is due to a lack of gas remaining in the wind's path, a common neutral gas terminal velocity, and/or a decrease in the efficiency of thermalization of the supernovae energy. It means that mass entrainment efficiency, rather than remaining constant, declines in galaxies with SFR > 10 M☉ yr-1 and MK < -24. Half of our sample consists of ULIRGs, which host as much as half of the star formation in the universe at z ≳ 1. The powerful, ubiquitous winds we observe in these galaxies imply that superwinds in massive galaxies at redshifts above unity play an important role in the evolution of galaxies and the intergalactic medium.
Ultrasonic transducer array design for medical imaging based on MEMS technologies

Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (pMUT) is a new approach to form high frequency arrays for real-time 3-D medical imaging. pMUT arrays based on SOI-Si bonding and PZT-coated membrane structures have been designed in this paper. After simulation, the 6×6 ultrasonic transducer array was fabricated and characterized. The total array area is approximately 2.0 mm by 2.0 mm. The micrograph of the device shows that the physical parameters are consistent with the designed value. The impedance-frequency spectrum of the pMUT was measured by HP 4194A impedance phase analyzer. Resonance frequency and effective electro-mechanical coupling coefficient can be deduced from it. The resonance frequency is 980 KHz, and the effective electro-mechanical coupling coefficient is about 4.64%. Due to its performance, it is promising for medical ultrasonic imaging applications.
A novel 3D surface construction approach: Application to three-dimensional endoscopic data

Video-endoscopy is the standard clinical procedure for visual exploration of internal walls of hollow organs. For the bladder, the lesion diagnosis is complex because the endoscopic images are bi-dimensional and cover only small bladder areas. 3D endoscopes, based on stereoscopic active vision principles, were recently proposed and validated. This paper presents a 3D reconstruction algorithm using 2D texture images and a few 3D points located on the internal wall surfaces provided by such endoscopes. The algorithm constructs a 3D panoramic surface using the 3D reconstruction method guided by 2D image registration. We show on realistic bladder phantoms that the algorithm is able to reconstruct 3D points and surfaces with a sub-millimetre accuracy.
Dynamic resource provisioning in Cloud Computing environment using priority based virtual machine's

Today, Cloud Computing become one of the most promising an emerging technology which will has a significant impact on IT Infrastructure. Still, Cloud Computing is infancy. In the current cloud computing environment there is numerous of application, consist of millions of module, these application serve from large quantity of users and user request becomes dynamic. So there must be provision that all resources are dynamically made available to satisfy the needs of requesting a user in a situation where the resource contention fierce is occurs. In this paper, we propose scheduling heuristic to allocate resource and schedule request for cloud system. An aim of proposed scheduling heuristic is to schedule request on Virtual Machine (VM) based on agreed Service Level Agreements (SLA) and creating new VM on physical resources based on availabilities of resources which considered priority based VM allocation, Load Balancing and Preemption Mechanism. And the experimental results of proposed heuristic helps to optimize performance and at the same time reduce the possibilities of SLA violations.
Programming spatio-temporal data streaming applications with high-level specifications

In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of PILOTS, a ProgrammIng Language for spatiO-Temporal data Streaming applications. Using PILOTS, application developers can easily program an application that handles spatio-temporal data streams by writing a high-level declarative program specification. Whereas spatio-temporal data is available with various spatial density and time frequency depending on data sources (e.g., weather forecast data can be given hourly/-daily for a vast geographic area, while GPS data can be given every second or at a higher frequency for a specific geographic location), applications often need to process data at a constant frequency. To view such heterogeneous data streams as homogeneous data streams, PILOTS specifically provides first-class support for data selection and interpolation so that applications can get data consistently regardless of the data's original spatio-temporal heterogeneity. To enable reasoning about errors in correlated spatio-temporal data streams, we introduce the notion of error signatures, patterns in output data streams that appear when input data is erroneous. These patterns are produced thanks to a mathematical model that explicitly specifies the redundancy exhibited in the input data. PILOTS applications readily produce error signatures, which can be an important tool to semi-automatically detect data error conditions and enable better decision support systems. As a motivating application, we illustrate a PILOTS program that receives as input data: the airspeed, the ground speed, and the wind speed for a flight. We then compute the error signatures exhibited by failing the airspeed data stream simulating a pitot tube icing scenario (such as the one occurring in Air France flight 447 in June 2009 ultimately killing all people onboard), and by failing the ground speed data stream simulating a GPS constellation shutdown.
Long-term follow-up of 246 adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: social function, relationships and sexual activity.

OBJECTIVE To examine social function, relationships and sexual activity in adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred and forty-six adults identified with long-standing JIA had an average disease duration of 28.3 yr. Specific information was sought on marital status, offspring, age at first sexual encounter, and problems related to disease in sexual activity and pregnancy. RESULTS Fewer patients (42.8%) were in stable relationships than their siblings (55.3%). The percentage of patients with children was 27.5. Twenty-three per cent of all known pregnancies ended in miscarriage. Of the women who had had a Caesarean, 78.9% had either reduced hip mobility or short stature. JIA had a detrimental effect on body image in 50.7% of patients but relationships were affected in only 28.2%. The percentage of patients who were sexually active or had had previous sexual experience was 83.3; 58.3% of these had disease-related sexual problems. CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of individuals are sexually active before transfer to adult rheumatology care at the age of 18 yr. This highlights the need to introduce sexual counselling in adolescent clinics. The high incidence of psychological sexual problems may benefit from appropriate counselling and training.
Enhanced Responsiveness to Novelty and Cocaine Is Associated with Decreased Basal Dopamine Uptake and Release in the Nucleus Accumbens: Quantitative Microdialysis in Rats under Transient Conditions

Male rats were screened for their response to a novel environment and designated as high responders (HRs) or low responders (LRs). They then received daily injections of saline or cocaine (20 mg/kg, i.p.). Basal and cocaine-evoked extracellular dopamine (DAext) levels as well as basal DA uptake rate and cocaine-evoked inhibition of uptake in the nucleus accumbens were determined on abstinence day 3 using quantitative microdialysis under transient conditions. The kinetics of uptake, dopamine transporter (DAT) expression, and [3H](−)-2-β-carbomethoxy-3-β-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate ([3H]WIN35428) binding were also examined. The locomotor activating effects of cocaine and the magnitude of behavioral sensitization were greater in HRs. Saline-treated HRs had lower basal uptake than LRs. DA uptake after cocaine challenge was also lower in these animals. Although basal DAext did not differ, cocaine-evoked DAext was greater in HRs. The Km andVmax of DA uptake were higher in naive HRs than LRs, as were the Kd andBmax of [3H]WIN35428 binding. DAT protein expression did not differ. Previous cocaine exposure decreased basal DA uptake. It increased cocaine-evoked DAext and decreased the cocaine-induced inhibition of uptake, especially in HRs, indicating greater DA release during cocaine challenge in this phenotype. We hypothesize that lower basal uptake in HRs results from a decrease in DAT binding affinity that is compensated for, in part, by an increased number of plasma membrane binding sites. Basal uptake, but not DAext, was lower in HRs, indicating lower basal DA release in HRs. The finding that cocaine-evoked DAext is higher in naive and cocaine-exposed HRs suggests that the greater responsiveness of DA neurons in HRs may underlie the enhanced behavioral responses that characterize this phenotype.
Genetic mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance identified in Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Enteroccocus spp. isolated from U.S. food animals

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AR) in bacteria isolated from U.S. food animals has increased over the last several decades as have concerns of AR foodborne zoonotic human infections. Resistance mechanisms identified in U.S. animal isolates of Salmonella enterica included resistance to aminoglycosides (e.g., alleles of aacC, aadA, aadB, ant, aphA, and StrAB), β-lactams (e.g., blaCMY−2, TEM−1, PSE−1), chloramphenicol (e.g., floR, cmlA, cat1, cat2), folate pathway inhibitors (e.g., alleles of sul and dfr), and tetracycline [e.g., alleles of tet(A), (B), (C), (D), (G), and tetR]. In the U.S., multi-drug resistance (MDR) mechanisms in Salmonella animal isolates were associated with integrons, or mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as IncA/C plasmids which can be transferred among bacteria. It is thought that AR Salmonella originates in food animals and is transmitted through food to humans. However, some AR Salmonella isolated from humans in the U.S. have different AR elements than those isolated from food animals, suggesting a different etiology for some AR human infections. The AR mechanisms identified in isolates from outside the U.S. are also predominantly different. For example the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are found in human and animal isolates globally; however, in the U.S., ESBLs thus far have only been found in human and not food animal isolates. Commensal bacteria in animals including Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. may be reservoirs for AR mechanisms. Many of the AR genes and MGEs found in E. coli isolated from U.S. animals are similar to those found in Salmonella. Enterococcus spp. isolated from animals frequently carry MGEs with AR genes, including resistances to aminoglycosides (e.g., alleles of aac, ant, and aph), macrolides [e.g., erm(A), erm(B), and msrC], and tetracyclines [e.g., tet(K), (L), (M), (O), (S)]. Continuing investigations are required to help understand and mitigate the impact of AR bacteria on human and animal health.
Return on Experience About Implementing Knowledge Management Systems in Software Engineering: Motivations, Opportunities and Challenges

The implementation of Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) in a long and hard process that requires resources, time and budget. As a return of an experience of a project of an implementation of KMS in a software engineering organization, this paper synthetizes the motivations, the opportunities and the challenges that have to be considered in such a project. This paper focuses also on the solutions that we have adopted during our experience to address the challenges of this kind of projects.
Shape-induced frustration of hexagonal order in polyhedral colloids.

The effect of a nonspherical particle shape and shape polydispersity on the structure of densely packed hard colloidal particles was studied in real space by confocal microscopy. We show that the first layer at the wall of concentrated size-monodisperse but shape-polydisperse polyhedral colloids exhibits significant deviations from a hexagonal lattice. These deviations are identified as bond-orientational fluctuations which lead to percolating "mismatch lines. " While the shape-induced geometrical frustration of the hexagonal symmetry suppresses translational order, bond-orientational order is clearly retained, indicating a hexaticlike structure of the polyhedral colloids.
The impact of emotional involvement on online service buying decisions: an event-related potentials perspective

When examining a buying process, changes in human brain signals and their event-related potential (ERP) components can be considered a reflection of the consumers’ emotions. In this experiment, participants were shown 12 products and related services that were available for purchase. After recording ERP components, we used a questionnaire to measure the individuals’ emotional involvement toward the services (i.e. the same services shown in the stimuli) of the 12 products to measure the emotional valence of the services. The emotional ERP components and the late positive potential (LPP) were elicited under the service conditions and distributed over the left frontal regions. We determined that the services may evoke an LPP and that services with a high emotional value may evoke a larger LPP, which suggests that positive emotion may be measured using the LPP amplitude in the left frontal regions. This result helps elucidate whether positive emotions are stimulated during the product-service system decision-making process and helps understand the emotional valences of different services. Our analysis of the emotional motivation of the consumer suggests that the LPP may be useful as an emotional indicator for measuring consumers’ evaluation of services that provides a neural view of product-service system buying decisions.
Modeling and altitude control of quad-rotor UAV

This paper deals with the modeling and altitude control of a quad-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). First, we derive a quad-rotor model using Euler-Lagrange equations and perform experiment to identify model parameter. Second, we design the altitude controller of a quad-rotor based on dynamic surface control (DSC) method. From the Lyapunov stability theory, we prove that all signals of a quad-rotor system are uniformly ultimately bounded(UUB). Finally, we present the simulation and experimental results to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Sympathetic Renal Denervation for the Treatment of Hypertension: A Review of Current Progress, Limitations, Techniques, and the Future

Although the etiology of hypertension is complicated and multifactorial, the role of sympathetic overactivity as part of the pathogenesis in essential hypertension has been well described in the literature. A promising new treatment modality of Renal Sympathetic Denervation has become prominent with very enthusiastic support. This paper suggests that while the support may be overhyped, this new treatment modality may, with further research, become a powerful tool for a specific patient population. The history, benefits, and limitations of the procedure are discussed including, but not limited to, proper screening methodology, technical aspects, and procedural complications.
The discovery of two new divergent STLVs has implications for the evolution and epidemiology of HTLVs

We have isolated and characterised two divergent simian T‐lymphotropic viruses (STLV), not belonging to the established human and simian T‐lymphotropic virus lineages HTLV‐1/STLV‐1 and HTLV‐2. STLV‐L, from an Eritrean sacred baboon (Papio hamadryas), has been typed as a third type of simian T‐lymphotropic virus, distinct from HTLV‐1/STLV‐1 and HTLV‐2. The other virus, isolated from Congolese bonobos (Pan paniscus), is a distinct member of the HTLV‐2 clade and has been designated STLV‐2. The isolation of these two simian viruses shows that the spectrum of HTLVs/STLVs is larger than previously expected. Our data indicate that the two lineages STLV‐L and HTLV‐2/STLV‐2 are of African origin, while the HTLV‐1/STLV‐1 lineage has been shown to be of Asian origin. These data, together with our phylogenetic analyses, suggest an African origin of the HTLV/STLV ancestor, which provides new clues about virus dissemination. Furthermore, the atypical serological profiles exhibited by STLV‐L or STLV‐2 infected animals in western blot, raise questions about the efficiency of current screening methods to type highly divergent HTLVs/STLVs. Considering the growing interest in xenotransplantations, more epidemiological and biological knowledge of simian and human T‐lymphotropic viruses is necessary to estimate the risk of interspecies transmissions. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
UNSW GNSS Interference Detection Device

The radio frequency signals transmitted by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have very low power and are susceptible to radio frequency interference. Most GNSS receivers do not measure and quantify any interference they may be suffering; they just do what they can with the signals they receive. Interference can lead to poor receiver positioning performance and, if severe, such as in a jamming environment, complete positioning failure. Interference monitoring could be beneficial in areas such as airports where GNSS positioning will soon be more critical and interference could be present. This paper outlines the work to date on developing an interference detection device based around the Namuru GNSS receiver platform developed at the University of New South Wales (UNSW). The detection device is a hardware and embedded software realization of detection schemes and algorithms developed at UNSW. The detection technique is briefly explained followed by a discussion of the hardware design, software implementation, testing and results, some conclusions and finally, a discussion of possible future activities.
Entrepreneurial Activities in a Regional Context

Considers the uneven regional distribution ofentrepreneurial activities and variables influencing regional activity.Discusses which regional factors influence the decision to start a firm, thedynamics that can be observed, and consequently, how regional disparities inentrepreneurial activities emerge. In addition to general environmental conditions, such as financial capitalor human capabilities, it is argued that regionally shared cognitiverepresentations and information processes that moderate agents' decision makingaffect entrepreneurial activities or regional activities and development ingeneral. Examines the relationship between shared cognitive representations anddecision making (behavioral patterns), and the impact of proximity and regionalnetworks on the formation of shared cognitive representations - i.e., impact oflearning by imitation, the means by whichshared cognitive representationsinfluence start-ups in regions, andhow the regional disparities inentrepreneurial activities occur in relation to the presence of positiveexamples. A model is presented to show how regional entrepreneurs serve as positiveexamples for other agents and thus change behavior through learning processes.Concludes that only by taking into account the direct impact of generalenvironmental conditions and the influence of shared cognitive representationsand information can the actual decision to start up a new business beappropriately analyzed. Such a view will answer the question of why regionswith similar general environments can have different start-uprates. (TNM)