Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sex-dependent, lateralized engagement of anterior insular cortex inputs to the dorsolateral striatum in binge alcohol drinking

How does alcohol consumption alter synaptic transmission across time, and do these alcohol-induced neuroadaptations occur similarly in both male and female mice? Previous work shows that anterior insular cortex (AIC) projections to the dorsolateral striatum (DLS) are uniquely sensitive to alcohol-induced neuroadaptations in male, but not female mice, and play a role in governing binge alcohol consumption in male mice. Here, by using high-resolution behavior data paired with in-vivo fiber photometry, we show how similar levels of alcohol intake are achieved via different behavioral strategies across sex, and how inter-drinking session thirst states predict future alcohol intakes in females, but not males. Further, we show how presynaptic calcium activity recorded from AIC synaptic inputs in the DLS across 3 weeks of water consumption followed by 3 weeks of binge alcohol consumption change across, fluid, time, sex, and brain circuit lateralization. By time-locking presynaptic calcium activity from AIC inputs to the DLS to peri-initiation of drinking events we also show that AIC inputs into the left DLS robustly encode binge alcohol intake behaviors relative to water consumption and AIC inputs into the right DLS in males, but not females. These findings suggest a fluid-, sex- and lateralization-dependent role for the engagement of AIC inputs into the DLS that encode binge alcohol consumption behaviors and further contextualize alcohol-induced neuroadaptations at AIC inputs to the DLS.
ShinyGPA: An interactive visualization toolkit for investigating pleiotropic architecture using GWAS datasets

effect sizes [1, 4], which is called polygenecity, becuase these genetic variants might not be identified via traditional statistical tests based on genetic study for a single phenotype. As a result, information from a significant number of associated variants is actually ignored in this approach. Thus, there is an urgent need for a statistically rigorous approach for analyzing pleiotropy. In order to address these limitations, multiple statistical approaches to analyze pleiotropy have been proposed, including the genetic analysis incorporating pleiotropy and annotation (GPA) framework [3], the degree of surprise (DS) approach [5], the conditional false discovery rate approach [2], a risk-score profiling method [6], and a correlation-based method [7], among others. However, most of these methods require researchers to a priori select traits that might be genetically correlated with each other and are jointly analyzed, which is not a straightforward task in practice. This problem becomes even more challenging if the pleiotropic architecture among a large number of phenotypes is of interest. Furthermore, most of these tools also require to use command lines and/or write a code to run analyses of interest and this can become additional burden for the researchers. In order to address these challenges, in this paper, we propose ShinyGPA which provides a flexible and dynamic visualization of pleiotropic architecture using an intuitive user interface, along with the joint association mapping functionality that allows biological understanding of the pleiotropic architecture. Notably, ShinyGPA requires that researchers provide only the summary statistics (genotype-phenotype association p-values) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This reduces researchers’ burden significantly and also allows wider application of this tool because summary statistics are often publicly available for various genetic studies. We believe that ShinyGPA will not only allow more effective analyses of genetic studies, but also potentially improve the design of future genetic studies.
NEDD9 overexpression predicts poor prognosis in solid cancers: a meta-analysis

Background: The oncogenicity of neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 9 (NEDD9) has been demonstrated in multiple cancer types. However, the prognostic value of NEDD9 in some solid cancers remains controversial. Thus, this meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between NEDD9 expression survival rates in solid tumors. Method: Our meta-analysis included studies searched from various search engines with speci ﬁ c inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Combined HRs for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) or progression-free survival (PFS) or recurrence-free survival (RFS) or cancer-speci ﬁ c survival (CSS) were assessed using ﬁ xed-effects and random-effects models. The source of heterogeneity was identi ﬁ ed by subgroup analysis. Additionally, publication bias was assessed using funnel plot and Egger ’ s regression asymmetry test. Result: Eighteen studies with a total of 2,476 patients were retrieved for analysis. Pooled HRs and 95% CIs were calculated. Both OS (HR=1.82; 95% CI: 1.43 – 2.31) and DFS/PFS/ RFS/CSS (HR=2.54; 95% CI: 1.93 – 3.33) indicated that NEDD9 overexpression is associated with poor OS in cancer patients with solid tumors. Conclusion: NEDD9 overexpression might be a potential marker to predict prognosis in solid cancer patients.
Strippable coal reserves of Illinois. Part 5B. Mercer, Rock Island, Warren, and parts of Henderson and Henry Counties

This report, Part 5B, i s one of a series i n which strippable coal reserves, defined a s coal 18 inches or more thick and with overburden not exceeding 150 feet, in Illinois have been described and evaluated. Reserves i n Mercer. Rock Island, Warren, and parts of Henderson and Henry Counties, included i n this study, are confined to the Rock Island (No. 1) Coal. Areas of reserves of the Colchester (No. 2) Coal Member within these counties are includedin Parts 4 and 5A of the report series. A map showing the boundary of Pennsylvanian strata. outcrop of the Rock Island (No. 1) Coal Member, outcrop of the No. 2 Coal, coal thicknesses, overburden limit of 150 feet, and mined-out areas has been prepared on a scale of one-half inch to themile. The stratigraphic relations of coal deposits i n the area are shown on a series of north-south and east-west c r o s s sections. Tonnage estimates, based on average coal thickness, have been made for each of the counties in the report where sufficient data are available. A total of approximately 200 million tons of strippable coal reserves i n the ground, a s defined in this study, are estimated. Several other local occurrences of coal of minable thickness are described, but no estimate of strippable reserves has been made for them because of the known and inferred limited areal extent of these c o a l s .
Edinburgh Research Explorer Time-resolved fluorescence of 2-aminopurine in DNA duplexes in the presence of the EcoP15I Type III restriction-modification enzyme

EcoP15I is a Type III DNA restriction and modiﬁcation enzyme of Escherichia coli . We show that it contains two modiﬁcation (Mod) subunits for sequence-speciﬁc methylation of DNA and one copy of a restriction endonuclease (Res) subunit for cleavage of DNA containing unmethylated target sequences. Previously the Mod 2 dimer in the presence of cofactors was shown to use nucleotide ﬂipping to gain access to the adenine base targeted for methylation (Reddy and Rao, J. Mol. Biol. 298 (2000) 597–610. ). Surprisingly the Mod 2 enzyme also appeared to ﬂip a second adenine in the target sequence, one which was not subject to methylation. We show using ﬂuorescence lifetime measurements of the adenine analogue, 2-aminopurine, that only the methylatable adenine undergoes ﬂipping by the complete Res 1 Mod 2 enzyme and that this occurs even in the absence of cofactors. We suggest that this is due to activation of the Mod 2 core by the Res subunit. (cid:2) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
Développement d'un magnétomètre à balayage à température cryogénique basé sur la résonance du spin électronique du centre coloré NV du diamant

Le developpement de systemes d'imagerie magnetique a l'echelle nanometrique a ete au coeur de nombreuses avancees scientifiques, en nanomagnetisme notamment. Une partie des enjeux actuels se portent sur des materiaux ne presentant des proprietes magnetiques qu'a basse temperature. L'imagerie dans ces conditions impose donc une augmentation des contraintes sur les dispositifs preexistants, majorant ainsi les enjeux experimentaux. Ces dernieres annees ont vu le developpement de microscopes de champ magnetique a balayage bases sur la resonance du spin electronique du centre NV, un centre colore du diamant. Ces dispositifs, combinant une grande sensibilite et une excellente resolution spatiale en champ magnetique, ont apporte de nombreux resultats pour la communaute du nanomagnetisme a temperature ambiante. Cette technique repose sur la mesure d'un deplacement Zeeman entre deux sous-niveaux du spin electronique d'un centre NV unique et peut etre adaptee a temperature cryogenique, portant ainsi de nombreuses promesses dans l'imagerie resolue et sensible de champ magnetique. Cette these decrit la realisation d'un tel microscope a temperature cryogenique.Dans un premier temps, nous presenterons le contexte dans lequel se place ce travail, notamment concernant l'etude des parois de domaines magnetiques, concept tres etudie ces dernieres annees dans l'optique de realiser des applications dans le domaine des memoires magnetiques. Apres avoir discute de quelques techniques d'imagerie magnetique a temperature cryogenique, nous presenterons l'utilisation du centre NV comme capteur magnetique. Le chapitre 2 sera devoue a la presentation du developpement experimental a temperature cryogenique ainsi que des techniques d'imagerie accessibles avec ce dispositif. Le magnetometre a centre NV a temperature cryogenique sera ensuite utilise pour l'etude de (Ga,Mn)(As,P), un semiconducteur ferromagnetique porteur d'espoirs en vue du developpement d'architectures de memoires performantes. Nous presenterons les premieres imageries de parois de domaines ainsi que l'etude de l'homogeneite de l'aimantation a saturation dans ce materiau. La derniere partie du manuscrit sera allouee a l'etude des processus mis en jeu dans la relaxation du centre NV dans les nanodiamants, dans l'optique de l'utiliser comme capteur de champ fluctuants.
endoscopic bronchial valve treatment: patient selection and special considerations

: As well as lung volume reduction surgery, different minimally invasive endoscopic techniques are available to achieve lung volume reduction in patients with severe emphysema and significant hyperinflation. Lung function parameters and comorbidities of the patient, as well as the extent and distribution of the emphysema are factors to be considered when choos-ing the patient and the intervention. Endoscopic bronchial valve placement with complete occlusion of one lobe in patients with heterogeneous emphysema is the preferred technique because of its reversibility. The presence of high interlobar collateral ventilation will hinder successful treatment; therefore, endoscopic coil placement, polymeric lung volume reduction, or bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation as well as lung volume reduction surgery can be used for treating patients with incomplete fissures. The effect of endoscopic lung volume reduction in patients with a homogeneous distribution of emphysema is still unclear and this subgroup should be treated only in clinical trials. Precise patient selection is necessary for interventions and to improve the outcome and reduce the risk and possible complications. Therefore, the patients should be discussed in a multidisciplinary approach prior to determining the most appropriate treatment for lung volume reduction.
THE SCHENGEN REGIME AND THE NEW EU'S INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL BOUNDARIES IN CENTRAL-EASTERN EUROPE

This article seeks to explore the effects of the introduction of the Schengen regime on the Central-Eastern European border areas, and offers relevant data on cross-border mobility, referring to Slovenian border areas as well. It deals with integration perspectives on two levels: "regional globalization", namely the integration of an increasing number of Central European countries in a wider trans-continental dimension and local aspects of cross-border co-operation.
A randomised controlled trial to test the feasibility of a collaborative care model for the management of depression in older people.

BACKGROUND Depression is the most common mental health disorder in people aged over 65 years. Late-life depression is associated with chronic illness and disability. AIM To investigate the feasibility of a collaborative care model for depression in older people in a primary care setting. DESIGN OF STUDY Randomised controlled trial with 16-weeks follow up. SETTING A primary care trust in Manchester. METHOD Participants were 105 people aged 60 years or older who scored 5 or more on the Geriatric Depression Scale; 53 were randomly allocated to an intervention group and 52 to a usual care group. The intervention group received care managed by a community psychiatric nurse who delivered an intervention comprising a facilitated self-help programme with close liaison with primary care professionals and old-age psychiatry according to a defined protocol. The usual care group received usual GP care. A nested qualitative study explored the views of the health professionals and patients regarding the acceptability and effectiveness of the intervention. RESULTS The main outcome measure was recovery from depression. Patients in the intervention group were less likely to suffer from major depressive disorder at follow up compared with usual care (0.32, 95% confidence = interval = 0.11 to 0.93, P = 0.036). The qualitative component of the study demonstrated the acceptability of the intervention to patients. CONCLUSION A model of collaborative care for older people with depression, used in a primary care setting with a facilitated self-help intervention is more effective than usual GP care. This study demonstrates that the implementation of a collaborative care model is feasible in UK primary care and that the intervention is effective and acceptable to patients.
Identification of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Blood and Semen of a Bull with Clinical Paratuberculosis

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis was identified by nested polymerase chain reaction in the blood and semen of a 4year-old Holstein breeding bull that exhibited clinical signs of paratuberculosis and was serologically positive for the organism by agar gel immunodiffusion and ELISA, although three fecal cultures were negative for the organism. The animal subsequently died, but a necropsy could not be performed for collection of tissues for histopathologic confirmation of the presence of the organism. M. avium subsp paratuberculosis may disseminate hematogenously to the male reproductive tract and semen as an extraintestinal site and agent reservoir.
Simulation des grandes échelles des transferts thermo-convectifs dans les écoulements turbulents d'un fluide non-Newtonien en conduite cylindrique

Cette these est une contribution a la simulation numerique des transferts de quantite de mouvement et de chaleur dans les ecoulements turbulents de fluides non-Newtoniens dans une conduite cylindrique fixe. La viscosite du fluide utilise est decrite par la loi d'Ostwald de Waele. Deux modeles sous-mailles dans l'approche des simulations des grandes echelles ont ete consideres : le modele dynamique de Germano et al. (1991) et le modele de Smagorinsky non-Newtonien. Ils sont utilises pour decrire les mecanismes physiques mis en jeu dans les ecoulements isothermes de ces fluides a rheologie complexe. Les transferts thermiques sont simules avec le modele de Smagorinsky non-Newtonien. Ces derniers sont traites en deux parties. La premiere concerne les echanges de chaleur sans influence sur la distribution des vitesses. Il s'agit des ecoulements non-thermo dependants ou ecoulements isothermes. La deuxieme partie concerne la resolution des ecoulements thermo dependants qui mettent l'accent sur les modifications induites par le couplage vitesse-temperature. Les champs turbulents sont analyses statistiquement en moyennant dans le temps et dans l'espace (suivant les directions periodiques) les champs instantanes de vitesse et de temperature pour etablir les profils moyens de vitesse et de temperature, les rms, la tension de Reynolds, les flux de chaleur, les moments d'ordre plus eleve (coefficients de dissymetrie et d'aplatissement), les pdf (fonction de densite de probabilte), les jpdf (fonction de densite de probabilite jointe), le coefficient de frottement, le nombre de Nusselt. Ces differentes grandeurs sont analysees en fonction des divers parametres qui gouvernent le probleme: les nombres de Reynolds et de Prandtl, l’indice d'ecoulement et le nombre de Pearson
Morphological and genetic differentiation of 11 populations of the African catfish Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus (Siluroidei; Claroteidae), with consideration of their biogeography

Eleven samples of Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus and one sample of C. maurus were studied using morphometrics and enzyme polymorphism. Samples from opposite areas in the range of the species were most differentiated morphologically (Dagana in Senegal and Selingue in Mali, on one hand, and Bas Kouilou in Congo, on the other hand). In the sample from Bas Kouilou, most specimens overlap those from Ebrie Lagoon in Cote d'Ivoire. The populations from Cote d'Ivoire are genetically the most variable and have the highest number of alleles in common with the sample of C. maurus (ancestral alleles). The samples from the limits of the species' range (Dagana, Bas Kouilou) are those that have the least polymorphism (both monomorphs) and the fewest alleles in common with C. maurus. On the basis of these results we present a hypothetical scenario for the colonization of basins by populations of C. nigrodigitatus after the last glaciation. Colonization started in the area between Cote d'Ivoire and Benin. From this region of.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) A closer look at learning relations from text

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The Combined Effects of Vertical and Horizontal Shear Instabilities in Stellar Radiative Zones

Shear instabilities can be the source of significant amounts of turbulent mixing in stellar radiative zones. Past attempts at modeling their effects (either theoretically or using numerical simulations) have focused on idealized geometries, where the shear is either purely vertical or purely horizontal. In stars, however, the shear can have arbitrary directions with respect to gravity. In this work, we use direct numerical simulations to investigate the nonlinear saturation of shear instabilities in a stably stratified fluid, where the shear is sinusoidal in the horizontal direction and either constant or sinusoidal in the vertical direction. We find that in the parameter regime studied here (nondiffusive, fully turbulent flow), the mean vertical shear does not play any role in controlling the dynamics of the resulting turbulence, unless its Richardson number is smaller than 1 (approximately). As most stellar radiative regions have a Richardson number much greater than 1, our result implies that the vertical shear can essentially be ignored in the computation of the vertical mixing coefficient associated with shear instabilities for the purpose of stellar evolution calculations, even when it is much larger than the horizontal shear (as in the solar tachocline, for instance).
Integrated Approach of Gearbox Fault Diagnosis

Gearbox fault diagnosis is one of the most important parts in any industrial systems. Failure of components inside gearbox can lead to a catastrophic failure, uneven breakdown, and financial losses in industrial organization. In that case intelligent maintenance of the gearbox comes into context. This paper presents an integrated gearbox fault diagnosis approach which can easily deploy in online condition monitoring. This work introduces a nonparametric data preprocessing technique i.e., calculus enhanced energy operator (CEEO) to preserve the characteristics frequencies in the noisy and inferred vibrational signal. A set of time domain and spectral domain features are calculated from the raw and CEEO vibration signal and inputted to the multiclass support vector machine (MCSVM) to diagnose the faults on the system. An effective comparison between raw signal and CEEO signal are presented to show the impact of CEEO in gearbox fault diagnosis. The obtained results of this work look very promising and can be implemented in any type of industrial system due to its nonparametric nature.
A Novel Multiscale Attention Feature Extraction Block for Aerial Remote Sensing Image Classification

Classification of very high-resolution (VHR) aerial remote sensing (RS) images is a well-established research area in the RS community as it provides valuable spatial information for decision-making. Existing works on VHR aerial RS image classification produce an excellent classification performance; nevertheless, they have a limited capability to well-represent VHR RS images having complex and small objects, thereby leading to performance instability. As such, we propose a novel plug-and-play multiscale attention feature extraction block (MSAFEB) based on multiscale (MS) convolution at two levels with skip connection, producing discriminative/salient information at a deeper/finer level. The experimental study on two benchmark VHR aerial RS image datasets (AID and NWPU) demonstrates that our proposal achieves a stable/consistent performance (minimum standard deviation (SD) of 0.002) and competent overall classification performance (AID: 95.85% and NWPU: 94.09%).
Nitazoxanide: pharmacokinetics and metabolism in man.

OBJECTIVES Nitazoxanide (N), a new broad-spectrum parasiticidal agent, is rapidly deacetylated to tizoxanide (T). The objective of the study was to determine if metabolites other than T are present in the plasma and excreted after single dose oral administration of radiocarbon-labelled N in healthy subjects. METHODS Six healthy volunteers received a single 500 mg oral dose of N labelled with 2.92 MBq radiocarbon. The radioactivity in blood, plasma, urine, feces and expired air was monitored at scheduled intervals for up to 10 days. Selected samples were assayed by HPLC for T and submitted to metabolite identification by mass spectrometry. In vitro experiments were also conducted (incubation with animal and human microsomes, deacetylation kinetics). Plasma and bile samples obtained in a patient treated with N for sporozoal infection were also assayed for T. RESULTS Elimination of radiocarbon occurred both in the urine (31.5% of the dose on average) and in the feces (66.2% on average). T and T-glucuronide contributed 15% of total urine radioactivity. N was found to deacetylate extremely rapidly to T in plasma (half-life of about 6 minutes at 37 degrees C) as well as in presence of liver microsomes. T was the only species obtained by incubation with human microsomes while rat microsomes yielded hydroxylated T in addition. The main species identified in human plasma, urine and bile was T-glucuronide, the identification of which was confirmed by comparison with an authentic sample. No species other than T was detected in feces, indicating intensive intestinal deconjugation, while radioactivity and absorbance detectors showed largely unresolved clusters.