Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Information Invasion in Enterprise Systems: Modelling, Simulating and Analysing System-Level Information Propagation

With the proliferation of internet-based technologies within and between organisations, large-scale enterprise systems are becoming more interconnected than ever before. A significant problem facing these organisations is how their information systems will cope with inconsistency being introduced from external data sources. Major problems arise when low quality information enters an authoritative enterprise system from these external sources, and in so doing gains credibility. This problem is compounded by the propagation of this information to other systems and other enterprises, potentially 'invading' an inter-enterprise network. In this paper we will introduce and examine this behaviour, which we term 'information invasion'. Characterisation of systems that are most vulnerable from such an occurrence is provided, and details of an experiment are given which simulates information invasion on an example network topology.
Consistent Multitask Learning with Nonlinear Output Relations

Key to multitask learning is exploiting relationships between different tasks to improve prediction performance. If the relations are linear, regularization approaches can be used successfully. However, in practice assuming the tasks to be linearly related might be restrictive, and allowing for nonlinear structures is a challenge. In this paper, we tackle this issue by casting the problem within the framework of structured prediction. Our main contribution is a novel algorithm for learning multiple tasks which are related by a system of nonlinear equations that their joint outputs need to satisfy. We show that the algorithm is consistent and can be efficiently implemented. Experimental results show the potential of the proposed method.
Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Related Receptors in the Brain: Potential Interactions with Estrogen Signaling

In addition to their well-known role in the female reproductive system, estrogens can act in the brain to regulate a wide range of behaviors and physiological functions in both sexes. Over the past few decades, genetically modified animal models have greatly increased our knowledge about the roles of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling in the brain in behavioral and physiological regulations. However, less attention has been paid to the estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), the members of orphan nuclear receptors whose sequences are homologous to ERs but lack estrogen-binding ability. While endogenous ligands of ERRs remain to be determined, they seemingly share transcriptional targets with ERs and their expression can be directly regulated by ERs through the estrogen-response element embedded within the regulatory region of the genes encoding ERRs. Despite the broad expression of ERRs in the brain, we have just begun to understand the fundamental roles they play at molecular, cellular, and circuit levels. Here, we review recent research advancement in understanding the roles of ERs and ERRs in the brain, with particular emphasis on ERRs, and discuss possible cross-talk between ERs and ERRs in behavioral and physiological regulations.
INFLUENCE OF MAGMATIC ASSIMILATION ON MINERAL GROWTH AND ZONING

AssrRAcr We explore the potential effects of magmatic assimilation on mineral growth and mineral zoning in an alkali olivine basaltic magma using both equilibrium thermodynamics and kinetics. The equilibrium-model calculations simulate fractional crystallization alone (closed system) and coupled assimilation - fractional crystallization (AFC) (open system); the models predict the assemblages ofmagmatig minsrals elpsgted and the ranges ofmineral compositions. The AFC simulations are varied to show the consequences of bulk assimilation of granite versas the selective assimilation of minerals of the same granite. The resulting paths are strongly affected by the nature and type 6f 4ssimil6fie1; differences befween the paths are reflected in the predicted patterns of compositional zoning in feldspar and pyroxene. These results strongly support the concept of using patlems of mineral zoning a) to identi! open-system behavior, b) to restrict the identity or nature of the assimilant, and c) to constrain the extent of assimilation. In particular, these results could provide important constraints in determinations of ratios of assim'ilation to crystallization in the context of trace-element and isotopic studies of AFC. Mineral zoning may also help to identifu the specific mechanisms that control how xenoliths react with their host magmas, since kinetic models indicate that in most cases, magmatic assimilation operates selectively. Integration of kinetic constraints with current thermodynamic models of magmatic phase-equilibria should ult'mately produce accurate chemical models of magmatic assimilation and a greater understanding of mineral-zoning patterns.
Non-linear control of an autonomous ground vehicle

In this paper, in order to select a speed controller for a specific non-linear autonomous ground vehicle, proportional-integral-derivative (PID), Fuzzy, and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controllers were designed. Here, in order to carry out the tuning of the above controllers, a multicomputer genetic algorithm (MGA) was designed. Then, the results of the MGA were used to parameterize the PID, Fuzzy and LQR controllers and to test them under laboratory conditions. Finally, a comparative analysis of the performance of the three controllers was conducted.
Inpatient Quality Improvement Interventions for Asthma: A Meta-analysis

In this study, we will review the literature for asthma interventions initiated in the inpatient setting and assess the impact of these interventions to reduce subsequent health care use. CONTEXT: Despite the availability of evidence-based guidelines for the management of pediatric asthma, health care utilization remains high. OBJECTIVE: Systematically review the inpatient literature on asthma quality improvement (QI) and synthesize impact on subsequent health care utilization. DATA SOURCES: Medline and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (January 1, 1991–November 16, 2016) and bibliographies of retrieved articles. STUDY SELECTION: Interventional studies in English of inpatient-initiated asthma QI work. DATA EXTRACTION: Studies were categorized by intervention type and outcome. Random-effects models were used to generate pooled risk ratios for health care utilization outcomes after inpatient QI interventions. RESULTS: Thirty articles met inclusion criteria and 12 provided data on health care reutilization outcomes. Risk ratios for emergency department revisits were: 0.97 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06–14.47) <30 days, 1.70 (95% CI: 0.67–4.29) for 30 days to 6 months, and 1.22 (95% CI: 0.52–2.85) for 6 months to 1 year. Risk ratios for readmissions were: 2.02 (95% CI: 0.73–5.61) for <30 days, 1.68 (95% CI: 0.88–3.19) for 30 days to 6 months, and 1.27 (95% CI 0.85–1.90) for 6 months to 1 year. Subanalysis of multimodal interventions suggested lower readmission rates (risk ratio: 1.49 [95% CI: 1.17–1.89] over a period of 30 days to 1 year after the index admission). Subanalysis of education and discharge planning interventions did not show effect. LIMITATIONS: Linkages between intervention and outcome are complicated by the multimodal approach to QI in most studies. CONCLUSIONS: We did not identify any inpatient strategies impacting health care reutilization within 30 days of index hospitalization. Multimodal interventions demonstrated impact over the longer interval.
Back pain and fever: when the diagnosis becomes crystal clear

In April 2015, a 61-year-old man presented to a tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia, with generalised weakness and left knee pain. He had a past history of type-2 diabetes and gout. Clinical examination revealed a warm, tender left knee with effusion. Laboratory findings included an elevated serum uric acid 679 μmol/L (normal 180–420 μmol/L), C-reactive protein (CRP) 215 mg/L (normal 0–5 mg/L) and creatinine 138 μmol/L (normal 66–105 μmol/L). Joint aspirate of the left knee revealed monosodium urate crystals. Prednisolone (50 mg/daily) resulted in symptomatic and biochemical improvement. Allopurinol (50 mg/daily) was introduced on day 17 while prednisolone was tapered. Over the following fortnight, he developed worsening thoracolumbar back pain associated with episodic pyrexia and hypotension. Pertinent laboratory findings included CRP up to 329 mg/L. Serology and cultures of blood, urine and
CD4+ AND CD8+ T-CELLS EXPRESSING INTERFERON GAMMA IN ACTIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem. Immune response through CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is needed to produce Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), a cytokine eliminate Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We aimed to compare the cellular immune response based on the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing interferon gamma in active pulmonary tuberculosis patients before and after 2 months of tuberculosis treatment. Methods: It is a longitudinal cohort study included 12 patients with new active pulmonary TB of the Pulmonary Hospital, Surabaya. The CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing interferon gamma was measured by flow cytometry method. Results: The mean CD4+ interferon gamma percentage of new active pulmonary TB before treatment was higher than 2 months after tuberculosis treatment (4.48% vs. 1.52%) and there was a significantly decreased (p = 0.025). The mean CD8+ interferon gamma percentage of new active pulmonary TB before treatment was higher than 2 months after tuberculosis treatment (3.56% vs. 2.89%) but not significantly decreased (p = 0.186). Conclusions: The mean CD4+ IFN-γ percentage of new active pulmonary TB before treatment was higher than 2 months after treatment, suggesting that CD4+ T cells expressing IFN-γ play a role in protection against pulmonary TB infection.
ResNet Sparsifier: Learning Strict Identity Mappings in Deep Residual Networks

A family of super deep networks, referred to as residual networks or ResNet, achieved record-beating performance in various visual tasks such as image recognition, object detection, and semantic segmentation. The ability to train very deep networks naturally pushed the researchers to use enormous resources to achieve the best performance. Consequently, in many applications super deep residual networks were employed for just a marginal improvement in performance. In this paper, we propose epsilon-ResNet that allows us to automatically discard redundant layers, which produces responses that are smaller than a threshold epsilon, with a marginal or no loss in performance. The epsilon-ResNet architecture can be achieved using a few additional rectified linear units in the original ResNet. Our method does not use any additional variables nor numerous trials like other hyper-parameter optimization techniques. The layer selection is achieved using a single training process and the evaluation is performed on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, SVHN, and ImageNet datasets. In some instances, we achieve about 80% reduction in the number of parameters.
Randomised controlled trial of compliance therapy

Background A randomised controlled trial was conducted in an acute treatment setting to examine the effectiveness of compliance therapy, a brief pragmatic intervention targeting treatment adherence in psychotic disorders, based on motivational interviewing and recent cognitive approaches to psychosis. Method Seventy-four patients with psychotic disorders according to DSM–III–R criteria recruited from consecutive admissions to an acute in-patient unit, received 4–6 sessions of either compliance therapy or non-specific counselling, and were followed-up over 18 months. The principal outcome measures were observer-rated compliance, attitudes to treatment, insight and social functioning. Results Significant advantages were found for the compliance therapy group post-treatment on measures of insight, attitudes to treatment and observer-rated compliance which were retained over the follow-up period. Global social functioning improved relatively more over time in the compliance therapy group compared with the control group. Survival in the community prior to readmission was significantly longer in the compliance therapy group. Conclusions The results support the effectiveness of compliance therapy in improving functioning and community tenure after an acute psychotic episode.
An Eighteen-Membered Macrocyclic Ligand for Actinium-225 Targeted Alpha Therapy.

The 18-membered macrocycle H2 macropa was investigated for 225 Ac chelation in targeted alpha therapy (TAT). Radiolabeling studies showed that macropa, at submicromolar concentration, complexed all 225 Ac (26 kBq) in 5 min at RT. [225 Ac(macropa)]+ remained intact over 7 to 8 days when challenged with either excess La3+ ions or human serum, and did not accumulate in any organ after 5 h in healthy mice. A bifunctional analogue, macropa-NCS, was conjugated to trastuzumab as well as to the prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeting compound RPS-070. Both constructs rapidly radiolabeled 225 Ac in just minutes at RT, and macropa-Tmab retained >99 % of its 225 Ac in human serum after 7 days. In LNCaP xenograft mice, 225 Ac-macropa-RPS-070 was selectively targeted to tumors and did not release free 225 Ac over 96 h. These findings establish macropa to be a highly promising ligand for 225 Ac chelation that will facilitate the clinical development of 225 Ac TAT for the treatment of soft-tissue metastases.
Mitigating Asymmetric Nonlinear Weight Update Effects in Hardware Neural Network Based on Analog Resistive Synapse

Asymmetric nonlinear weight update is considered as one of the major obstacles for realizing hardware neural networks based on analog resistive synapses, because it significantly compromises the online training capability. This paper provides new solutions to this critical issue through co-optimization with the hardware-applicable deep-learning algorithms. New insights on engineering activation functions and a threshold weight update scheme effectively suppress the undesirable training noise induced by inaccurate weight update. We successfully trained a two-layer perceptron network online and improved the classification accuracy of MNIST handwritten digit data set to 87.8%/94.8% by using 6-/8-b analog synapses, respectively, with extremely high asymmetric nonlinearity.
Factors Associated With 30-Day Mortality Rate in Respiratory Infections Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae

In multivariable analysis of associations between initial antibiotic therapy and clinical outcomes in 5005 patients with microbiologically confirmed Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, "discordant" empiric antibiotic therapy was not associated with 30-day mortality rate (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, .67-1.32).
Sarcopenia: The Role of poptosis and Modulation by Caloric Restriction

The mechanisms of sarcopenia have been slowly unraveled and likely involve activation of apoptosis. It is hypothesized that caloric restriction may, in part, attenuate sarcopenia by affecting apoptotic signaling. The signaling pathways responsible for the execution of apoptosis in aging muscle and the modulation of these pathways by caloric restriction are discussed.
The relationship between oxidised LDL, endothelial progenitor cells and coronary endothelial function in patients with CHD

Objective The balance between coronary endothelial dysfunction and repair is influenced by many protective and deleterious factors circulating in the blood. We studied the relationship between oxidised low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and coronary endothelial function in patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods 33 patients with stable CHD were studied. Plasma oxLDL was measured using ELISA, coronary endothelial function was assessed using intracoronary acetylcholine infusion and EPCs were quantified using flow cytometry for CD34+/KDR+ cells. Results Plasma oxLDL correlated positively with the number of EPCs in the blood (r=0.46, p=0.02). There was a positive correlation between the number of circulating EPCs and coronary endothelial function (r=0.42, p=0.04). There was no significant correlation between oxLDL and coronary endothelial function. Conclusions Plasma levels of oxLDL are associated with increased circulating EPCs in the blood of patients with CHD, which may reflect a host-repair response to endothelial injury. Patients with stable CHD had a high prevalence of coronary endothelial dysfunction, which was associated with lower numbers of circulating EPCs, suggesting a mechanistic link between endothelial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Identifying Dietary Patterns Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Korean Adults Using Reduced Rank Regression

Diet plays a crucial role in cognitive function. Few studies have examined the relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive functions of older adults in the Korean population. This study aimed to identify the effect of dietary patterns on the risk of mild cognitive impairment. A total of 239 participants, including 88 men and 151 women, aged 65 years and older were selected from health centers in the district of Seoul, Gyeonggi province, and Incheon, in Korea. Dietary patterns were determined using Reduced Rank Regression (RRR) methods with responses regarding vitamin B6, vitamin C, and iron intakes, based on both a one-day 24-h recall and a food frequency questionnaire. Cognitive function was assessed using the Korean-Mini Mental State Examination (K-MMSE). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between dietary pattern score and the risk of mild cognitive impairment. A total of 20 (8%) out of the 239 participants had mild cognitive impairment. Three dietary patterns were identified: seafood and vegetables, high meat, and bread, ham, and alcohol. Among the three dietary patterns, the older adult population who adhered to the seafood and vegetables pattern, characterized by high intake of seafood, vegetables, fruits, bread, snacks, soy products, beans, chicken, pork, ham, egg, and milk had a decreased risk of mild cognitive impairment compared to those who did not (adjusted odds ratios 0.06, 95% confidence interval 0.01–0.72) after controlling for gender, supplementation, education, history of dementia, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and duration of sleep. The other two dietary patterns were not significantly associated with the risk of mild cognitive impairment. In conclusion, high consumption of fruits, vegetables, seafood, and protein foods was significantly associated with reduced mild cognitive impairment in older Korean adults. These results can contribute to the establishment of dietary guidelines targeting older Korean adults to reduce mild cognitive impairments. Future prospective cohort studies are warranted to examine the effect of the seafood and vegetable dietary pattern on reducing mild cognitive impairment to prove the cause–effect relationship between dietary patterns and cognitive function.
Analysis of 'sensitive' periods of fetal and child growth.

BACKGROUND Birth weight and weight gain in infancy and early childhood are commonly studied as risk factors for later cardiometabolic diseases. In this study, we explore methods for quantifying weight gain during different age periods and for comparing the magnitude of the associations with later blood pressure. METHODS Based on data from a birth cohort study nested within a large cluster-randomized trial with repeated measures of weight from birth to 16 years of age, we compared the results of four analytic approaches to assess sensitive periods of growth in relation to blood pressure at age 16 years. RESULTS Approaches based on z-scores of weight or weight gain velocity (both standardized for age and sex) or on regression-based conditional weight standardized residuals yielded more coherent results than an approach based on absolute weight gain velocity. Weight gain standardized by sex and age was positively associated with blood pressure at 16 years at all postnatal age periods, but the magnitude of association was larger during adolescence (11.5-16 years) than during earlier intervals (0-3 months, 3-12 months, 1-6.5 years or 6.5-11.5 years). CONCLUSIONS Standardization of weight and weight gain by age and sex, or regression-based standardized residuals based on conditional weight, reflects relative gain and thus accounts for the rapid weight gains normally observed in early infancy and puberty. Adolescence appears to be a more sensitive period for relative weight gain effects on later blood pressure than earlier periods, even those of similar duration.
A 16-Gb/s injection-locked CDR in embedded clock receiver

This paper presents a 16-Gb/s clock and data recovery circuit incorporates injection-locking technique to achieve high-speed operation with low power. The proposed receiver achieves fast locking and low power. This circuit achieves CDR bandwidth of220MHz and locking range of 150MHz. Frequency acquisition time is less than 60ns. The power consumption is 1.65mW/Gb/s from a 1.2-V supply.
Human Behavior Recognition in Shopping Settings

This paper presents a new application that improves communication between digital media and customers at a point of sale. The system uses several methods from various areas of computer vision such as motion detection, object tracking, behavior analysis and recognition, semantic description of behavior, and scenario recognition. Specifically, the system is divided in three parts: low-level, mid-level, and high-level analysis. Low-level analysis detects and tracks moving object in the scene. Then mid-level analysis describes and recognizes behavior of the tracked objects. Finally high-level analysis produces a semantic interpretation of the detected behavior and recognizes predefined scenarios. Our research is developed in order to build a real-time application that recognizes human behaviors while shopping. Specifically, the system detects customer interests and interactions with various products at a point of sale.
Prophylaxe und Therapie der Malaria: aktuelle Empfehlungen

Was ist neu? Epidemiologie Weltweit sind die Malaria-Inzidenzen rückläufig. Die Zahl der nach Deutschland importierten Fälle blieb zuletzt auf hohem Niveau stabil. Von größter Bedeutung ist es gut bekannte Risikogruppen mit Beratungsangeboten zu erreichen, z. B. Reisende auf Verwandtenbesuch in Endemiegebieten. Prophylaxe Mefloquin steht seit 2013 in Deutschland nur noch als Einzelimport zur Verfügung, bleibt jedoch für bestimmte Personengruppen weiter ein wichtiges Prophylaktikum. Die notfallmäßige Selbsttherapie der Malaria, die gängige Praxis für Reisende in Länder mit niedrigem und mittlerem Übertragungsrisiko ist, wird in der Reisemedizin zunehmend kritisiert und sollte zielgerichteter eingesetzt werden. Therapie der Malaria tropica Patienten mit einem höheren Körpergewicht müssen nach einer Therapie engmaschig nachbeobachtet werden, da sie ein höheres Risiko einer Rekrudeszenz haben. Artesunat ist Mittel der Wahl zur Therapie der komplizierten Malaria tropica. Auch hier ist eine konsequente Kontrolle nach Therapieende notwendig, um eine mit Artesunat assoziierte hämolytische Anämie frühzeitig zu erfassen. Malaria tertiana Seit 2014 gab es in Deutschland eine Zunahme von Patienten mit einer Malaria tertiana, insbesondere bei Migranten aus Eritrea. Aufgrund der unzureichenden Gesundheitsversorgung der Flüchtenden haben nicht alle Patienten die bei Plasmodium vivax notwendige Rezidivprophylaxe mit Primaquin erhalten.