Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Solar Power Management System for Self-Powered IoT Node

An efficient micro-scale solar power management architecture for self-powered Internet-of-Things node is presented in this paper. The proposed architecture avoids the linear regulator and presents a complete on-chip switched capacitor-based power converter in order to achieve higher end-to-end efficiency. Unlike traditional architectures, where the harvested energy processes twice, the proposed architecture processes the harvested energy only once before it reaches to the load circuit, irrespective of the ambient conditions. The system efficiency has been improved by ~12% over the traditional architecture. The entire power management system has been designed using 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS technology node, and the circuit simulations demonstrate that the proposed architectural changes bring in a system efficiency of 82.4% under different light conditions. In addition to that, a hardware setup is created using commercially available ICs and photovoltaic cells, to validate that the proposed power management system is practically realizable.
The Analysis of High-Tech Achievements Transformation Based on Value Chain

High-tech achievements transformation process is a complex process which is related with many factors; in order to acquire the ability of the transformation, the process of high-tech achievements transformation must be clearly understood. Firstly, this paper describes the meaning of high-tech achievements transformation, the theory of value chain which is used to analyze the high-tech achievements transformation and its significance of analyzing the process. Secondly, the theory of value chain analyzes the process of high-tech achievements transformation that includes five main bodies, providers, users, intermediaries, investment and financing institutions and governments, which involves the achievements, information, fund, policies and other resources flow. Finally, through the above analysis, raise some measures to increase the efficiency of the high-tech achievements transformation process.
The comparison of two negative‐pressure wound therapy systems in a porcine model of wound healing

The purpose of this study was to compare two negative‐pressure wound healing systems (NPWT), −75 mmHg with a silicone‐coated (SC) dressing and −125 mmHg with polyurethane foam dressing (standard of care). In addition, this study compared the effects of two different dressing interfaces, SC dressing and gauze, with −75 mmHg pressure. For both comparisons, two groups of five pigs were evaluated over a 21‐day time course. Two excisional wounds were made on each animal and NPWT dressings were applied. A canvas saddle was constructed to hold the NPWT device so the animal had free range of the pen. Dressings were changed twice a week and wound measurements were taken. Specimens for histology and gene expression analyses were taken on day 7 and 21. These data show that there is increased expression in a few genes associated with remodeling and inflammatory processes in the NPWT‐125 with polyurethane foam as compared with the NPWT‐75 with SC dressing. These two systems, however, are equivalent with respect to wound healing, histology, and gene expression over 21 days of healing. Further, we demonstrate that there is no difference in measure of healing between the SC dressing and a basic gauze dressing.
High Stability Er-Doped Superfluorescent Fiber Source Improved by Incorporating Bandpass Filter

A Faraday rotator mirror incorporating a Gaussian bandpass filter was used as the reflected end of an Er-doped superfluorescent fiber source to improve its mean wavelength thermal stability. Several different filters were modeled in this fiber source system, and the optimal central wavelength was chosen to be 1558 nm with the bandwidth of 15 nm. With a Faraday rotator mirror incorporating such a filter in an Er-doped fiber source, the mean wavelength variation was measured to be 8 ppm from -40°C to 60°C . The bandwidth reached 16 nm. The pump power was 70 mW at 974.2 nm and the output power reached 18 mW with 6-m Er-doped fiber.
A low-molecular-weight protein from rat liver that resembles ligandin in its binding properties.

A protein of S20,W 1.6S and mol.wt. 14000, which binds covalently a metabolite of the aminoazodye carcinogen NN-dimethyl-4-amino-3'-methylazobenzene, was isolated from rat liver cytosol from both carcinogen-treated and normal rats. The protein binds non-covalently palmitoyl-CoA, fatty acids, bilirubin, sex steroids and their sulphates, bile acids and salts, bromosulphophthalein, diethylstilboestrol and 20-methylcholanthrene with a wide range of affinities. The protein is isolated as three components with isoelectric points of 5.0, 5.9 and 7.6 by a method involving isoelectric focusing. All three components have closely similar amino acid analyses, tryptic-peptide 'maps' and u.v. spectra. Each single component redistributes into all three on further electrophoresis. However, the three forms differ in their binding characteristics, the form of pI 7.6 having much the highest affinity for compounds bound non-covalently. The protein was identified immunologically in rat liver, small intestine, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, myocardium and testis. The protein was compared with other hepatic binding-protein preparations of similar molecular weight.
Effect of dysthymia on receipt of HAART by minority HIV-infected women

AbstractBACKGROUND: Receipt of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) differs by gender and racial/ethnic group and may reflect an effect of mood disorders. OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of dysthymia and major depression on HAART use by 6 groups defined by gender and race/ethnicity (white, black, Hispanic). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Self-reported HAART use in the past 6 months. DATA SOURCE: Interview data from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study (HCSUS). Independent variables measured in or before the first half of 1997, and HAART use measured in the second half of 1997. ANALYSES: Multivariate logistic regression of depression and dysthymia on HAART use by 6 patient groups. PARTICIPANTS: One thousand nine hundred and eighty-two HIV-infected adults in HIV care in 1996 and with a CD4 count <500 in 1997. RESULTS: Highly active antiretroviral therapy receipt was the highest for white men (68.6%) and the lowest for Hispanic women (52.7%) and black women (55.4%). Dysthymia was more prevalent in women (Hispanic, 46%; black, 27%; white, 31%) than men (Hispanic, 23%; black, 18%; white, 15%). The prevalence of major depression was greater in whites (women, 35%; men, 31%) than minorities (women, 26%; men, 21%). Compared with white men without dysthymia, the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of HAART were significantly lower for black women (0.50 [95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.29 to 0.87]) and Hispanic women (0.45 [95% CI 0.25, 0.79]). Among patients with depression and no dysthymia, minority women had HAART use (AOR=1.28 [95% CI 0.48 to 3.43]) similar to white men. LIMITATIONS: Self-report data from the early era of HAART use; causation cannot be proven; mental health diagnoses may not meet full DSM IV criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Dysthymia is highly prevalent in minority women and associated with a 50% reduction in the odds of receiving HAART. This underrecognized condition may contribute more than depression to the “gender disparity” in HAART use.
Diversity of bladed Bangiales (Rhodophyta) in western Mediterranean: recognition of the genus Themis and descriptions of T. ballesterosii sp. nov., T. iberica sp. nov., and Pyropia parva sp. nov.

The diversity of the bladed species of the red algal order Bangiales from the Iberian Mediterranean shores has been reassessed after a detailed study of this region. Prior to this study, 11 bladed species of Bangiales had been reported from Mediterranean waters: Porphyra atropurpurea, P. cordata, P. coriacea, P. dioica, P. linearis, P. purpurea, P. umbilicalis, Pyropia leucosticta, Pyropia koreana (as P. olivii), Py. elongata (as P. rosengurttii) and Py. suborbiculata. A combined analysis of the nuclear nSSU and the plastid rbcL genes together with detailed morphological studies has confirmed the presence of species within the genera Porphyra and Pyropia and also revealed a third, undescribed genus, Themis gen. nov. Porphyra linearis, Pyropia elongata and the introduced Pyropia koreana had been previously listed for the Mediterranean and were recorded in this study. An additional four species, including the introduced Pyropia suborbiculata and three new species: Pyropia parva sp. nov., Themis ballesterosii sp. nov., and Themis iberica sp. nov. were also observed. Hence, most of the Porphyra species traditionally reported along these shores were not reported in this survey. This new floristic Bangiales composition confirms the importance of the Mediterranean basin as a hotspot for biodiversity, possible endemics of ancient origin and high proportion of introductions. Our data also continue to confirm the extent of Bangiales diversity at regional and worldwide levels.
Rating exotic price coverage in crop revenue insurance

This paper considers exotic price coverage in crop insurance. The issue is similar to the pricing of options on extrema which are commonly called exotic options. Consideration is made of individual monthly average prices leading to a multivariate distribution with important dependencies. Additionally, the problem is approached in terms of the joint distribution of a maximum over an interval and the harvest time price.
4-Amino-6-hydroxypyrazolo [3,4-d]pyrimidine (AHPP) conjugated PEG micelles: Water soluble polymeric xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is the major source of superoxide anion (O2−) that is associated with various reactive oxygen species (ROS) related diseases. 4-amino-6-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (AHPP) is a potent XO inhibitor discovered in Maeda’s laboratory, which is now being developed for the treatment of ischemia reperfusion injury and inflammatory diseases. However, the poor aqueous solubility of AHPP at physiological pH hampers its clinical development. To overcome this drawback, in the present study water soluble polyethyleneglycol conjugated AHPP (AHPP-PEG) was synthesized via two different approaches, which resulted in two derivatives of AHPP-PEG, namely, mono-AHPP-PEG and bis-(AHPP)-PEG depending on the number of AHPP on PEG chain. We characterized both conjugates by UV, FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Dynamic light scattering and Sephadex G-100 chromatography studies revealed mean particle size of 164.1 and 218.8 nm and Mw. equivalent to 107 and 126 kDa for mono-AHPP-PEG and bis-(AHPP)-PEG, respectively. Further, XO inhibitory activity for mono-AHPP-PEG and bis-(AHPP)-PEG were found with Ki of 0.23 ± 0.03 and 0.21 ± 0.03 µM, respectively. In vivo pharmacokinetic study showed longer circulation time of AHPP-PEG conjugates compared to free AHPP. These results indicate AHPP-PEG conjugates have better potentials with supramolecular assemblies in aqueous medium and may become a good candidate for the treatment of ROS related diseases.
Basic study on the most relaxing respiration period in children to aid the development of a respiration-leading stuffed toy

Following natural disasters, accidents, and shocking incidents, some children experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The respiration control method, which relaxes the body and mind, may efficiently prevent PTSD. Therefore, we developed a stuffed toy that leads children's respiration using the up-and-down movement of the abdomen to help them relax. We investigated the most appropriate respiration period for children's relaxation. Data from studies on heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback training suggest that breathing at the respiration period at which HRV is the highest is effective for improving chronic diseases. Therefore, we measured the relationship between the respiration period and physiological indices, including HRV. The participants were 10 children aged 5-12 years. HRV was the highest at a 10-12-s respiration period in all 10 children. However, the most suitable respiration period for smooth breathing and relaxation was different from that at which HRV is the highest. Therefore, the most relaxing respiration periods for children need to be determined by indices other than HRV.
Impact of coronary artery disease presence on the long-term follow-up of carotid artery stenting.

BACKGROUND Carotid artery stenting (CAS) has become an alternative for carotid endarterectomy in the treatment of carotid artery atherosclerosis, due to limited injury and comparable periprocedural risk. The impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on long-term follow-up after CAS needs to be reconsidered due to the intensification of aggressive pharmacotherapy in CAD in recent years. AIM To assess the impact of CAD presence on the long-term follow-up of patients after CAS. METHODS Data of 130 symptomatic and asymptomatic patients undergoing CAS with cerebral protection systems from December 2002 to December 2010 were divided into two groups: those with and those without CAD. Major adverse cardio- and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) during follow-up were defined as the combination of death (cardiac and non-cardiac), myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Long-term outcomes of patients were stratified based on the history of CAD. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 66 ± 9 years, and the majority of patients were male (80.2%). Long-term follow-up data were available in 86.2% of patients. During mean follow-up of 71.9 ± 31.7 months the all-cause mortality rate was 19.3%. The rates of MI, stroke/TIA, and MACCE were 16.7%, 12.3%, and 36.3%, respectively. The frequency of MACCE during long-term follow-up was higher in patients with CAD vs. without CAD (40.8% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.01), and the mortality rate in the two groups was 22.2% vs. 0%, (p = 0.07), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenosis are high-risk individuals. The presence of CAD increases the risk of MACCE in such patients during long-term follow-up.
Grounds of discrimination

Discrimination is only unlawful if the treatment occurs 'on the ground of ' a consideration or 'attribute' which has been proscribed by law. For example, discrimination on the ground of race has been proscribed by both the Racial Discrimination Act and the Anti-Discrimination Act (AD Act), and so is unlawful. Discrimination on the ground of where a person went to school is not covered by any law. The meaning of 'on the ground of ' is discussed on page 2.
Basic fibroblast growth factor and Shiga toxin-O157:H7-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome.

The hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy that occurs in about 15% of children infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and in an unknown fraction of cases after infection with other Shiga toxin (Stx)–producing Escherichia coli (STEC). HUS is characterized by nonimmune
Motor Cortical Correlates of Arm Resting in the Context of a Reaching Task and Implications for Prosthetic Control

Prosthetic devices are being developed to restore movement for motor-impaired individuals. A robotic arm can be controlled based on models that relate motor-cortical ensemble activity to kinematic parameters. The models are typically built and validated on data from structured trial periods during which a subject actively performs specific movements, but real-world prosthetic devices will need to operate correctly during rest periods as well. To develop a model of motor cortical modulation during rest, we trained monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to perform a reaching task with their own arm while recording motor-cortical single-unit activity. When a monkey spontaneously put its arm down to rest between trials, our traditional movement decoder produced a nonzero velocity prediction, which would cause undesired motion when applied to a prosthetic arm. During these rest periods, a marked shift was found in individual units' tuning functions. The activity pattern of the whole population during rest (Idle state) was highly distinct from that during reaching movements (Active state), allowing us to predict arm resting from instantaneous firing rates with 98% accuracy using a simple classifier. By cascading this state classifier and the movement decoder, we were able to predict zero velocity correctly, which would avoid undesired motion in a prosthetic application. Interestingly, firing rates during hold periods followed the Active pattern even though hold kinematics were similar to those during rest with near-zero velocity. These findings expand our concept of motor-cortical function by showing that population activity reflects behavioral context in addition to the direct parameters of the movement itself.
Assessing speech perception in Swedish school-aged children: preliminary data on the Listen–Say test

Abstract To meet the need for a linguistic speech perception test in Swedish, the ‘Listen-Say test’ was developed. Minimal word pairs were used as speech material to assess seven phonetic contrasts in two auditory backgrounds. In the present study, children’s speech discrimination skills in quiet and in four-talker (4T) speech background were examined. Associations with lexical-access skills and academic achievement were explored. The study included 27 school children 7–9 years of age. Overall, the children discriminated phonetic contrasts well in both conditions (quiet: Mdn 95%; 4T speech; Mdn 91% correct). A significant effect of 4T speech background was evident in three of the contrasts, connected to place of articulation, voicing and syllable complexity. Reaction times for correctly identified target words were significantly longer in the quiet condition, possibly reflecting a need for further balancing of the test order. Overall speech discrimination accuracy was moderately to highly correlated with lexical-access ability. Children identified as having high concentration ability by their teacher had the highest speech discrimination scores in both conditions followed by children identified as having high reading ability. The first wave of data collection with the Listen-Say test indicates that the test appears to be sensitive to predicted perceptual difficulties of phonetic contrasts particularly in noise. The clinical benefit of using a procedure where speech discrimination, lexical-access ability and academic achievement are taken into account is discussed as well as issues for further test refinement.
Clinical Investigation : Genitourinary Cancer Role of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Predicting Sensitivity to Chemoradiotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Role of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Predicting Sensitivity to Chemoradiotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Soichiro Yoshida, M.D., Ph.D.,* Fumitaka Koga, M.D., Ph.D.,* Shuichiro Kobayashi, M.D.,* Chikako Ishii, M.D., Ph.D.,y Hiroshi Tanaka, M.D., Ph.D.,y Hajime Tanaka, M.D.,* Yoshinobu Komai, M.D., Ph.D.,* Kazutaka Saito, M.D., Ph.D.,* Hitoshi Masuda, M.D., Ph.D.,* Yasuhisa Fujii, M.D., Ph.D.,* Satoru Kawakami, M.D., Ph.D.,* and Kazunori Kihara, M.D., Ph.D.* *Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, and yDepartment of Radiology, Ochanomizu Surugadai Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
Modelos de predicción y métodos de estimación de la producción de proteína microbiana en el rumen

La proteina microbiana en el rumen se expresa en el rendimiento o la eficiencia de sintesis y se relaciona con la cantidad de energia en forma de ATP utilizada durante dicho proceso, la cantidad de sustrato fermentado o el nitrogeno disponible en el rumen. Estas dos ultimas medidas se ven afectadas por la tasa de crecimiento de los microorganismos y por los factores que influyen en la sintesis microbiana. La confiabilidad de los modelos de prediccion de la sintesis de proteina microbiana se incrementa al tener en cuenta los factores que influyen en la sintesis microbiana. Sin embargo, resulta riesgoso extrapolar los resultados experimentales a situaciones reales de produccion, por lo que se deben desarrollar modelos a partir de resultados obtenidos en estas condiciones. Para lograr estimados confiables de la produccion de proteina microbiana, se ha desarrollado el metodo no invasivo de los derivados puricos, como marcadores microbianos medidos en la orina. La combinacion de la tecnica de produccion de gas in vitro con marcadores microbianos o con la determinacion del sustrato verdaderamente degradado y el llamado factor de particion son otras formas de estimar la eficiencia de sintesis microbiana. Los resultados obtenidos han estado restringidos, debido a las limitaciones de estos metodos. Ademas, la mayoria de los modelos se han desarrollado en las condiciones de paises templados (raza de los animales, alimentacion y clima), lo que reduce sus posibilidades de aplicacion en el tropico. Es precisamente en esta region donde se hace mas necesaria la busqueda y evaluacion de nuevas fuentes de alimento. Ante esta realidad se imponen nuevos retos en el desarrollo y aplicacion de metodos in vitro que, combinados con tecnicas moleculares, permitan dilucidar los mecanismos de las interacciones microbianas y predecir procesos in vivo.
Clinical Aspects of the Ketogenic Diet

Summary: The ketogenic diet remains a valuable therapeutic option for patients with intractable epilepsy. Clinical aspects of the diet's success may provide insights into epileptogenesis and anticonvulsant action. The diet's efficacy has been established primarily through large case series. The diet has been used successfully in patients with many different epilepsy syndromes in countries around the world. Potential adverse effects can be avoided with careful attention during the diet's initiation and maintenance phases. In the last decade, variations to the classical ketogenic diet have been utilized. Ketogenic diets now are being used for diseases other than epilepsy. This critical analysis of the diet should provide the impetus for further clinical and basic research into the diet's application and mechanisms of action.
Gestational Length Affects a Change in the Transepithelial Voltage and the rNKCC2 Expression Pattern in the Ascending Thin Limb of Henle's Loop

To examine whether the functional and morphologic conversion of the neonatal ascending thin limb (ATL) of Henle's loop is related to gestational length, we evaluated the transepithelial voltages (Vts) of ATLs in perinatal mouse, hamster, rabbit, and rat kidneys. In isolated microperfused tubule preparations, Vts of neonatal ATLs were 23.8 ± 1.4 in mouse, 25.7 ± 2.2 in hamster, and 18.2 ± 1.6 mV in rabbit. The influence of gestational length on the Vts and rat Na-K-Cl cotransporter (rNKCC2) expression pattern was also examined in perinatal rats subjected to a prolonged gestation due to either a daily s.c. injection of 5 mg progesterone or ligation of the extremities of the uterine horn. Vts of d 3 neonates were 2.9 ± 1.0 (p < 0.0001 versus d 0); Vts of d 23 fetuses subjected to ligation were 4.9 ± 0.8 (p < 0.005 versus d 0); and Vts of d 23 fetuses given progesterone were 3.4 ± 1.7 mV (p < 0.001 versus d 0). rNKCC2 expression tended to disappear in the renal papillae of d 23 fetuses. Our data demonstrate that the perinatal conversion of the ATL is a phenomenon commonly observed among rodents; furthermore, it is dependent on the gestational length, but unrelated to the birth process.