Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vitro fluid secretion by epithelium from polycystic kidneys.

The size of the kidneys in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is due in large measure to the accumulation of secreted fluid within thin-walled epithelial sacs. We measured the net transepithelial movement of liquid in response to forskolin in isolated, intact cysts excised from the surface of human ADPKD kidneys and in cultured, polarized monolayers of epithelial cells derived from ADPKD cysts. 10 excised cysts bathed symmetrically in control culture medium secreted fluid at a rate of 0.19 +/- 0.03 microliter/cm2 per hour after stimulation with forskolin (10 microM). Ouabain (100 microM) addition to the cavity fluid did not change the rate of fluid secretion of 10 forskolin-treated cysts, but addition of the glycoside to the external bathing medium fluid of nine cysts decreased secretion to -0.004 +/- 0.05 microliter/cm2 per hour. 24 monolayers absorbed fluid (range -0.029 to -0.412 microliter/cm2 per hour); by contrast, fluid was secreted (range 0.074 to 1.242 microliters/cm2 per hour) after stimulation with forskolin (10 microM). Ouabain (0.1 microM) in the basolateral but not in the apical medium inhibited fluid secretion. Forskolin increased the intracellular cyclic AMP content of ADPKD and MDCK monolayers by 236 and 196%, respectively. Six ADPKD monolayers had stable lumen negative transepithelial electrical potential differences (PDte) of -1.4 +/- 0.3 mV, positive short circuit currents (SCC) of 11.9 +/- 2.1 microAmp/cm2 and a tissue resistance (Rte) of 116 +/- 14 ohm.cm2. Forskolin increased SCC to 15.5 +/- 1.9 microAmp/cm2 (P < 0.005) and decreased Rte to 95 +/- 13 ohm.cm2 (P < 0.05); PDte remained stable at -1.4 +/- 0.3 mV. Ouabain (10 microM) had no effect when added to the apical medium, but in the basolateral medium decreased SCC to 1.7 +/- 0.3 microAmp/cm2 and PDte to -0.2 +/- 0.1 mV. We conclude that ADPKD cells in surface cysts have the potential to absorb or to secrete solutes and fluid. cAMP-mediated fluid secretion from the basolateral medium into the lumen of surface ADPKD cysts may be driven by anion transport.
Learning Analytics: A Survey

Learning analytics is a research topic that is gaining increasing popularity in recent time. It analyzes the learning data available in order to make aware or improvise the process itself and/or the outcome such as student performance. In this survey paper, we look at the recent research work that has been conducted around learning analytics, framework and integrated models, and application of various models and data mining techniques to identify students at risk and to predict student performance. Learning Analytics is a research field related to Educational Data Mining (EDM), and is gaining increasing popularity since Horizon Report 2012 described it as a forthcoming trend. Learning analytics (LA) refers to the application of Big Data methodologies and techniques to improvise the learning. LA is based on analyzing the learning behavior of students using a wide data set that takes into consideration- the student enrollment data, the previous academic record of students, student surveys through questionnaires about courses and teaching methods, data from online discussion forums and such. In predicting and analyzing student performance, there are a no. of techniques that could be used such as classification algorithms - Eg: decision tree methods- C4.5, RepTree and J48, k-nearest neighbor classifier, Naive Bayes, Multi-layer perceptron (neural networks), Sequential Minimal Optimization and clustering methods - Eg: Latent Semantic Analysis and K-means clustering methods. There could be various reasons for a student to fail or drop out from the course such as financial issues, health problems, family issues, time-management, under-preparedness etc. The educational institutions are, however, interested only in the predictor variables that come under the institutional purview or control which is lack of preparation on student front. If the institution is able to identify early, the students who would need help in completing their course, it can put forth some preventive actions such as customizing the course material for the targeted students or provide additional coaching. To this front, learning analytics plays a key role in predicting student performance which would benefit both the students and educational institutions. In this survey paper, we look at the recent research work surrounding the field of learning analytics. Detailed survey follows in the next section.
AN ANALYSIS OF SURFACE CRACKING DURING ORTHOGONAL MACHINING OF GLASS

It has been proposed that a rough–semi-finish–finish strategy may be possible in the machining of glass and other brittle materials to achieve higher productivity than is realized through either grinding or ductile-mode machining, both of which have been studied extensively to date. A previously presented experimental study of orthogonal glass cutting exhibited clear transitions in machining modes as the uncut chip thickness is increased. One of those modes involves ductile-mode chip formation combined with surface damage in the form of surface cracks that protrude down into the machined surface and ahead of the cutting edge. Here, a model is formulated and exercised to better understand this surface-cracking damage. The finite element method is used with a custom written re-meshing subroutine employed under a commercial software package. The analysis focuses on the crack depth and lead (ahead of the tool) as a function of the normalized process force and the fracture toughness of the work material. It is found that load ratio, the ratio of the cutting (surface-tangential) force to the thrust (surface-normal) force, plays a significant role in the crack growth problem, as does the manner in which the thrust load is distributed relative to the cutting load. It is shown that point-wise application of the loads produces results far off from the experimental results, whereas distributed loads can produce results well aligned with the experiments. Given that ductile-mode chip formation occurs during surface cracking, the load distributions found to work well exhibit qualitatively the same characteristics that one would expect based on extending the well-known mechanics of metal cutting.
A Java Hybrid Compiler for Shared Memory Parallel Programming

The purpose of this paper is to design and implement a hybrid compiler that combines JOMP's directives with javar's annotations in order to obtain a more performing compiler. This is an original approach and consists of pooling the advantages of those two compilers while fixing some of their issues. However the achievement of this aim is facing the issue of the difference of implementation of these two compilers because JOMP is implemented in Java while javar is implemented in C language. We propose to entirely reimplement javar in Java by using JavaCC. Thereafter, we present the implementation of the hybrid compiler. In the experiments, we propose to parallelize the matrix sort program by using this hybrid compiler. The results of experiments and the mathematical demonstration lead us to state that dealing with this hybrid compiler gives performances better or equal to the best one between javar and JOMP.
Applying the CBSE paradigm on real-time systems

Component Based Software Engineering (CBSE) is an excellent candidate to achieve greater software understanding, reuse and reliability. In this paper, we present how this paradigm can be applied in the design of realtime systems. In particular, we describe our component architecture, the different contractual specifications to be associated with each component, the compatibility tests to be performed for guaranteeing correctness of a configuration of components and the schedulability analysis to be carried out on the system using timed-automata.
An Accurate and Robust Range Image Registration Algorithm for 3D Object Modeling

Range image registration is a fundamental research topic for 3D object modeling and recognition. In this paper, we propose an accurate and robust algorithm for pairwise and multi-view range image registration. We first extract a set of Rotational Projection Statistics (RoPS) features from a pair of range images, and perform feature matching between them. The two range images are then registered using a transformation estimation method and a variant of the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. Based on the pairwise registration algorithm, we propose a shape growing based multi-view registration algorithm. The seed shape is initialized with a selected range image and then sequentially updated by performing pairwise registration between itself and the input range images. All input range images are iteratively registered during the shape growing process. Extensive experiments were conducted to test the performance of our algorithm. The proposed pairwise registration algorithm is accurate, and robust to small overlaps, noise and varying mesh resolutions. The proposed multi-view registration algorithm is also very accurate. Rigorous comparisons with the state-of-the-art show the superiority of our algorithm.
A Tunable Photonic Double Heterostructure Cavity on Ferroelectric Barium Titanate

We designed a photonic double heterostructure cavity on rectangular lattice with an incorporated slot waveguide, which shows high quality factor for both TE and TM modes despite an absence of complete bandgap. The confinement capability of the cavity has been studied using the finite difference time domain method. The ferroelectric barium titanate (BaTiO3) is used as the base material of the proposed cavity. The dispersive and absorptive natures of the material have been incorporated in the calculations. The presence of the slot waveguide improved the quality factor of the cavity, confirming the existing results. Despite the absorptive nature of BaTiO3, the finite extent of the photonic crystal and absence of complete bandgap, the calculated quality factor compares favorably with values reported previously in the literature.
Genomic characterization of the virus causing infectious salmon anemia in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): an orthomyxo-like virus in a teleost

The genome of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV), which infects farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), is characterized here. The virus has an RNA genome, as shown by using specific DNA virus metabolic inhibitors and radioactive in vivo labeling of ISAV nucleic acid. Electrophoresis of [14C]uridine-labeled ISAV RNA revealed that the ISAV genome is segmented. The genome consists of eight segments that range from 1.0 to 2.3 kb, with a total molecular size of approximately 14.5 kb. One ISAV-specific molecular clone, corresponding to the smallest genome segment, was obtained by cDNA cloning of mRNA from an ISAV-infected cell culture. This clone gave a positive hybridization signal on Northern blots of pelleted ISAV. Pretreatment of the ISAV pellet with RNase A resulted in the disappearance of the positive hybridization signal, demonstrating that the genome is single stranded. Reverse transcriptase PCR with primers corresponding to sequences from the molecular clone and target RNA from ISAV-infected and noninfected fish tissues gave specific positive reactions. Alignments of the nucleotide sequence of the molecular clone did not reveal significant homology with any other available sequence in databases. However, the data presented here, together with morphological and replicational properties previously described, indicate that ISAV has a strong resemblance to members of the Orthomyxoviridae family. This is the first thoroughly characterized orthomyxo-like virus isolated from a teleost.
On Universal Classes of Extremely Random Constant-Time Hash Functions

A family of functions F that map [0,n]- 1, that can be evaluated in constant time for the standard random access model of computation. Simple extensions give comparable behavior for larger domains. As a consequence, many probabilistic algorithms can for the first time be shown to achieve their expected asymptotic performance for a feasible model of computation. This paper also establishes a tight tradeoff in the number of random seeds that must be precomputed for a random function that runs in time T and is h-wise independent.
FRANC: A Lightweight Java Framework for Wireless Multihop Communication

Simulation and emulation are popular means for evaluating wireless Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) protocols. Since MANETs are highly dependant on their physical environment, these techniques offer only a partial understanding of factors that may influence performance. Deploying real-life MANETs is therefore an indispensable complementary step for the advancement of MANETs. This paper presents FRANC, a dedicated extensible Java framework for the development, deployment and evaluation of applications and algorithms for wireless mobile ad hoc networks.
A Meta‐analysis of Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Dyslexia

Reading and phonological processing deficits have been the primary focus of neuroimaging studies addressing the neurologic basis of developmental dyslexia, but to date there has been no objective assessment of the consistency of these findings. To address this issue, spatial coordinates reported in the literature were submitted to two parallel activation likelihood estimate (ALE) meta‐analyses. First, a meta‐analysis including 96 foci from nine publications identified regions where typical readers are likely to show greater activation than dyslexics: two left extrastriate areas within BA 37, precuneus, inferior parietal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, thalamus, and left inferior frontal gyrus. Right hemisphere ALE foci representing hypoactivity in dyslexia were found in the fusiform, postcentral, and superior temporal gyri. To identify regions in which dyslexic subjects reliably show greater activation than controls, 75 foci from six papers were entered into a second meta‐analysis. Here ALE results revealed hyperactivity associated with dyslexia in right thalamus and anterior insula. These findings suggest that during the performance of a variety of reading tasks, normal readers activate left‐sided brain areas more than dyslexic readers do, whereas dyslexia is associated with greater right‐sided brain activity. The most robust result was in left extrastriate cortex, where hypoactivity associated with dyslexia was found. However, the ALE maps provided no support for cerebellar dysfunction, nor for hyperactivity in left frontal cortex in dyslexia, suggesting that these findings, unlike those described above, are likely to be more varied in terms of their reproducibility or spatial location.
Orientation-based Interaction for Mobile Devices

Our team has been exploring the possibilities of orientationbased sensors on mobile devices. We constructed a prototype system for delivering 3D acceleration and magnetic compass data to a Pocket PC and developed trial applications. One class of applications relied on the tilt sensors to provide a gesture interface to an application. A second class of applications used the magnetic sensors to create a style of portable augmented reality interaction called "Searchlight". Through our user studies, we learned that orientation-based user interfaces are fun and have the potential to improve the usability of mobile devices, but require a high degree of personalization.
Bertrand Competition in Markets with Network Effects and Switching Costs

Abstract We analyze Bertrand duopoly competition in markets with network effects and consumer switching costs. Depending on the ratio of switching costs to network effects, our model generates four different market patterns: monopolization and market sharing, which can be either preserved or reversed. A critical mass effect where one firm becomes the monopolist for sure only occurs for intermediate values of the ratio, whereas for large switching costs market sharing is the unique equilibrium. For large network effects, both monopoly and market sharing equilibria exist. Our welfare analysis reveals a conflict between maximization of consumer surplus and social welfare when network effects are large. We also analyze firms’ incentives for compatibility and incentives to increase switching costs and examine how market outcomes are affected by market expansion and cost asymmetries. Finally, in a dynamic extension of our model, we show how competition depends on agents’ discount factors.
A model of computation for continuous-time /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators

In this paper, a formal model of computation is proposed to perform time-efficient simulations of continuous-time /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators. It is based on the state-space representation of the modulator. The formal character of the model makes it suited for implementation in an arbitrary language. It is explained how different models of the building blocks can easily be included in the model. To show the validity of the model, some simulation results with an implementation in the MATLAB/spl trade/ programming language are presented.
ATP‐diphosphophydrolase activity in rat heart tissue

Extracellular nucleotides interact with specific receptors on the cell surface and are locally metabolized by ecto‐nucleotidases. Biochemical characterization of the ATPase and ADPase activities detected in rat heart sarcolemma, under conditions where mitochondrial ATPase and adenylate kinase were blocked, supports our proposal that both activities correspond to a single enzyme, known as ATP‐diphosphohydrolase or apyrase. The physiological function of this enzyme could be dephosphorylation of the nucleotides present in the interstitial heart compartment acting together with 5′‐nucleotidase. Both hydrolytic activities have similarities in: sarcolemma localization, bivalent metal ion dependence, optimum pH, effect of several amino acid residue modifiers, competitive inhibition of nucleotide analogs, and broad nucleoside di‐and triphosphate specificity. The ATPase activity could not be separated from the ADPase either through isoelectrofocusing or electrophoresis under acid conditions.
Ballpoint pen like pressure sensor with liquid metal electrodes

This study demonstrates a ballpoint-pen-like pressure sensor for endoscopic palpation, which can conduct continuous pressure measurement at different locations while a metal ball on the tip rotates. This device is a capacitive-typed pressure sensor with liquid metal electrodes on the cylindrical sides. The experiment was conducted on the fabricated device, in which loads were applied from three different directions while the capacitances of the equipped capacitors were measured. As a result, it was observed that the only capacitance ratios of the capacitor which was applied force increased and this device was verified to be able to detect the magnitude and direction of the applied force in all directions.
Cardiovascular Complications of Novel Multiple Myeloma Treatments

Case presentation: A 75-year-old woman was referred to cardiology for optimization of cardiovascular risk factors before starting a new cancer treatment. She was diagnosed with IgG-κ multiple myeloma (MM) 2 years previously that progressed after her previous treatments. Her medical history also included type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and a remote history of deep vein thrombosis treated with a “blood thinner” for 6 months. Her hematologist has determined that a combination of carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone is the best treatment option for this patient but is concerned about the risk of cardiovascular complications from the new treatment and wants the patient to undergo evaluation by a cardiologist. MM is a plasma cell malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow microenvironment, monoclonal protein in the blood or urine, and associated organ dysfunction.1 MM accounts for 1% of all cancers and ≈13% of all hematologic malignancies. Approximately 86 000 new cases of MM occur annually worldwide and affect primarily older individuals with a median age of diagnosis of ≈70 years.2 Over the past few decades, overall survival has improved from an age-adjusted 5-year relative survival of 35.6% in 1998 to 2001 to 44% in 2006 to 2009.3 This improvement is due largely to increased use of autologous stem cell transplantation and the introduction of novel agents, including immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs; ie, thalidomide [Thalomid], lenalinomide [Revlimid], and pomalidomide [Pomalyst]) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs; ie, bortezomib [Velcade] and carfilzomib [Kyprolis]). Figure 1 shows the milestones in MM treatment. Figure 1. Milestones in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment. The treatment paradigm of multiple myeloma treatment shifted with the introduction of 2 categories of novel treatment, immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors (PIs), which significantly improved survival in patients with MM. Cancer is associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolic …
Relation-Centric Semantic Annotation using Semantic Role Labeling and Coreference Resolution

Automatic semantic annotation based on domain-specific ontologies is a one of the critical issues for the success of the semantic web. Most existing approaches focused on the detection of concepts such as named entities, dates, monetary amounts. This study explores automatic semantic annotation techniques for applications using relation-centric ontologies which represent domain knowledge using a set of concepts with many inter-class relations. We propose a framework to detect event-based concepts and inter-concept relations using semantic role labeling and coreference resolution techniques. We gave an illustration of the processes by a semantic annotation application using CIDOC-CRM as the underlying ontology. Experiments using archives with a large number of image descriptions were conducted. The primitive results show that the accuracy is about 80% or so.
RESEARCH Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Cervical Cancer among Rural Community Women in Northeast Thailand

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy among women worldwide, and women of reproductive age in Thailand. However, information on the behavior regarding cervical cancer in rural community Thailand is sparse. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding cervical cancer (CC) among rural community women in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, using predesigned structured questionnaires. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 8 villages of Non Sung district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand, during January to April 2015. Bloom’s taxonomy was used as a framework for the study. 265 women aged between 30-60 years old were selected by simple random sampling. All participants completed predesigned questionnaires with 4 parts: demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding cervical cancer. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis in this study. Results: The majority of participants were in the age group of 41-50 years old (42.6%) with senior secondary school level of education (32.1%), marriage status (85.0%), agricultural employment (59.6%), and family income between 6,000-10,000 baht per month (54.3%). Some 63.4% and 68.7% participants had high knowledge and moderate level of attitudes regarding CC, while 41.1%, 48.7%, and 10.2% had neem regularly, irregularly or never screened for CC, respectively. The main reasons for not screening were were shyness (44.4%) and no time (55.6%). Vaginal discharge and itching were the common signs and symptoms of participants who were screened at a health promotion hospital of sub-district. Conclusions: CC is still a health problem in the rural community. Therefore, health education is required, particularly for those who have never undergone screening.