Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
lectrocardiogram and B-type natriuretic peptide as creening tools for left ventricular systolic ysfunction in a population-based sample of 75-ear-old men and women

ackground Plasma concentration of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been suggested as a powerful screening ool for left ventricular systolic dysfunction. However, there are reports indicating that the 12-lead electrocardiogram ECG) could be just as powerful. We aimed to evaluate the 12-lead ECG and BNP as screening tools for left ventricular ystolic dysfunction in an elderly, unselected population. ethods In a randomly selected population-based sample of 75-year-old men and women (n 407), diagnostic haracteristics were evaluated for the ECG and plasma concentration of BNP to detect left ventricular systolic dysfunction. esults Sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values for the ECG to detect left ventricular sysolic dysfunction were 96%, 79%, 100%, and 26%, respectively. The corresponding values for the BNP (cut-off value 28 g/mL) were 93%, 55%, 99%, and 13%. In participants without major abnormalities in the ECG, left ventricular systolic ysfunction was found in 1% (1/302), irrespective of BNP concentrations. In participants with abnormal ECGs, systolic ysfunction was more prevalent in persons with abnormal BNP concentrations than in those with normal concentrations 35% vs 3%, difference 32%, 95%CI for the difference 16%–44%) onclusions In 75-year-old subjects both the ECG and the plasma concentration of BNP are highly efficient in exluding left ventricular systolic dysfunction. However, compared with the BNP, the ECG yields a lower number of false ositive cases. In screening for left ventricular systolic dysfunction, the BNP has a diagnostic value in addition to the ECG, ut only in individuals with abnormal ECGs. (Am Heart J 2004;148:524–9.)
Development of a validated strategy for the determination of tryptamine in human cerebrospinal fluid in the presence of competitors using molecularly imprinted polymers.

This study presents a validated strategy for the determination of tryptamine in the presence of its competitors, which involves the molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorimetric detection. Tryptamine-imprinted microscale sorbent was produced from 4-vinylbenzoic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate in methanol by precipitation polymerization, and its imprinting factor was equal to 15.4 in static experiments or 18.6 in dynamic binding experiments. The method for tryptamine determination in the presence of serotonin and l-tryptophan was validated using a complex matrix of bovine serum albumin yielding the recoveries of tryptamine that ranged between 98.7 and 107.0%. Very low limits of detection and limits of quantification for tryptamine (19.9 and 60.3 nmol/L, respectively) allow the quantification of tryptamine in human cerebrospinal fluid in the presence of tryptophan and serotonin.
Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Zishen Yutai Pill, Ameliorates Precocious Endometrial Maturation Induced by Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation and Improves Uterine Receptivity via Upregulation of HOXA10

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) is widely used in assisted reproductive technology (ART), but it often leads to precocious maturation of the endometrium such that it impairs embryonic implantation and limits pregnancy rates. Previous studies have shown the traditional Chinese medicine, the Zishen Yutai pill (ZYP), to be effective in treatment of threatened as well as recurrent miscarriages, and it can improve embryonic implantation rates in patients undergoing IVF treatment. In the present study, the ZYP has been found to ameliorate precocious endometrial maturation in a mouse model of different COH. Molecular evaluations, real-time PCR, relative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry have indicated that the ZYP increased the expression of HOXA10, an important marker of uterine receptivity. Elevation of HOXA10 led to further upregulation of its target gene, integrin β3, and downregulation of EMX2, two additional markers of uterine receptivity. In this way, the ZYP may mitigate COH-induced precocious maturation of the endometrium and improve uterine receptivity by upregulating HOXA10.
Empfehlungen für die Gestaltung von Erratbarkeitsstudien zur Ermittlung von benutzerdefinierten Gesten

Während die Eingabe durch Freihandgesten seit deren Präsentation in frühen Systemen wie Put-That-There [Bolt 1980] in den achtziger Jahren eine lange Tradition in der MenschComputer-Interaktionsforschung hat, werden seit kurzem entsprechende Eingabesysteme auch einem breiteren Personenkreis zugänglich gemacht. Vorangetrieben durch die Spieleindustrie mit neuen Eingabekonzepten für Videospielkonsolen wie z.B. der Playstation EyeToy, der Nintendo Wii, und der Microsoft Kinect wurden Systeme mit Gesteneingabe in den letzten Jahren allgegenwärtiger. Mit neuen Eingabegeräten wie der LEAP Motion oder der Myo 1 tritt diese Technologie ihren Weg von der Nische im Wohnzimmer in unser tägliches Leben an. Die dahinterstehende Idee ist, durch die Gesteneingabe die Tür zu natürlicheren Benutzungsschnittstellen aufzustoßen [Wigdor & Wixon 2011], um so die intuitive Nutzung von Computertechnologie zu erlauben.
Elliptical Lagrange-Based NLOS Tracking Localization Scheme

This paper presents a novel tracking localization scheme that requires only a single dominant non-line-of-sight (NLOS) path and its corresponding scattering point. The position of the scattering point arising out of the dominant one bounce NLOS scattering path can be estimated using the proposed two-step elliptical Lagrange constrained optimization method if the initial position of the mobile device (MD) can be estimated or when the MD transits from line-of-sight (LOS) to a NLOS region. With the dominant NLOS path and corresponding scattering point, the subsequent trajectory of the MD can be estimated. Simulation and empirical data through channel measurement experimentation in two different multipath environments have shown that our proposed NLOS localization scheme surpassed existing NLOS localization schemes by significant margins, especially at high TOA and AOA noise due to, e.g., low bandwidth and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
Judging a by its cover and its contents: The representation of polysemous and homophonous meanings in four-year-old children

Cognitive Psychology 62 (2011) 245–272 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cognitive Psychology journal homepage: www.elsevier. com/locate/cogpsych Judging a book by its cover and its contents: The representation of polysemous and homophonous meanings in four-year-old children Mahesh Srinivasan a, ⇑ , Jesse Snedeker b a b Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, United States Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Accepted 23 March 2011 Keywords: Lexical representation Semantic development Lexical semantics Polysemy Homophony Lexical ambiguity a b s t r a c t Unlike homophonous meanings, which are semantically unrelated (e.g., the use of bat to refer to a baseball bat and a ﬂying rodent), polysemous meanings are systematically related to one another (e.g., the use of book, CD, and video to refer to physical objects, as in ‘the leather book’, or to the intellectual content they contain, as in ‘the profound book’). But do perceived relations among poly- semous meanings reﬂect the presence of generative lexical or con- ceptual structures that permit the meanings of these words to shift? If so, these structures may also support children’s early rep- resentations of polysemous meanings. In four studies, we demon- strate (1) that four-year-old children can understand both the concrete and abstract meanings of words like book, (2) that when taught a novel label for one of these meanings, children can readily understand an extension of that label to the other meaning, and (3) that extension does not occur between two homophonous mean- ings, which share a common phonological form but are otherwise unrelated. We conclude that the polysemous meanings of words like book rely on a common representational base early in develop- ment, and suggest that this may be the result of foundational, gen- erative properties of the lexicon or conceptual system. O 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ⇑ Corresponding author. Address: Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, Mandler Hall, Rm. 3535, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0109, United States. E-mail address: maheshs@ucsd.edu (M. Srinivasan). 0010-0285/$ - see front matter O 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych. 2011.03. 002
Circuit Evaluation for Finite Semirings

The circuit evaluation problem for finite semirings is considered, where semirings are not assumed to have an additive or multiplicative identity. The following dichotomy is shown: If a finite semiring R (i) has a solvable multiplicative semigroup and (ii) does not contain a subsemiring with an additive identity 0 and a multiplicative identity 1 ! = 0, then its circuit evaluation problem is in the complexity class DET (which is contained in NC^2). In all other cases, the circuit evaluation problem is P-complete.
A New And Secure Chaos Based Multimedia Encryption Scheme

There has been a sudden rise in the usage of Multimedia data in the digital world. Be it images, videos or audios, there has been a high demand in their usage and transfer. Lots of applications are based on this type of Multimedia data. And this gives rise to the need for their protection. Data security has seen many types of traditional algorithms for the protection purpose but they have struggled to combat multimedia data as compared to regular textual data. A separate group of Algorithms based on SubstitutionPermutation techniques have been used widely in the security. This paper proposes a scheme based on a new permutation technique and chaos based substitution method. The scheme works well on normal as well as highly redundant images. Various types of attacks like statistical, differential and visual have been performed on the algorithm and observations have been reported. The result shows improvements over recent schemes in the field of Multimedia Security.
The Contribution of Apoptosis-inducing Factor, Caspase-activated DNase, and Inhibitor of Caspase-activated DNase to the Nuclear Phenotype and DNA Degradation during Apoptosis*

We have assessed the contribution of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (ICAD) to the nuclear morphology and DNA degradation pattern in staurosporine-induced apoptosis. Expression of D117E ICAD, a mutant that is resistant to caspase cleavage at residue 117, prevented low molecular weight (LMW) DNA fragmentation, stage II nuclear morphology, and detection of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase staining. However, high molecular weight (HMW) DNA fragmentation and stage I nuclear morphology remained unaffected. On the other hand, expression of either D224E or wild type ICAD had no effect on DNA fragmentation or nuclear morphology. In addition, both HMW and LMW DNA degradation required functional executor caspases. Interestingly, silencing of endogenous AIF abolished type I nuclear morphology without any effect on HMW or LMW DNA fragmentation. Together, these results demonstrate that AIF is responsible for stage I nuclear morphology and suggest that HMW DNA degradation is a caspase-activated DNase and AIF-independent process.
PAC-Bayes risk bounds for sample-compressed Gibbs classifiers

We extend the PAC-Bayes theorem to the sample-compression setting where each classifier is represented by two independent sources of information: a compression set which consists of a small subset of the training data, and a message string of the additional information needed to obtain a classifier. The new bound is obtained by using a prior over a data-independent set of objects where each object gives a classifier only when the training data is provided. The new PAC-Bayes theorem states that a Gibbs classifier defined on a posterior over sample-compressed classifiers can have a smaller risk bound than any such (deterministic) sample-compressed classifier.
Acculturation, Gender, and Health Among Middle Eastern Immigrants in the United States

This study uses data from the 2002-12 National Health Interview Surveys and binary logistic regression techniques to examine the association between acculturation and health for Middle Eastern (ME) immigrants in the United States. Particular attention is given to the gender-specific acculturation-health relationship. Results indicate that, in general, ME immigrants are healthier than U.S.-born whites; ME immigrant men are, on average, healthier than ME immigrant women. The study finds evidence of an association between acculturation and self-rated health. However, the acculturation pattern holds neither for activity limitation nor for chronic health conditions. Male and female ME immigrants of all acculturation levels are less likely to report any activity limitations or any chronic health conditions compared to their U.S.-born counterparts. Findings suggest that future research on ME immigrants and on other immigrant groups should take into account different levels of acculturation when examining the relationship between acculturation and self-rated health by gender.
The Revised IBA Guidelines on Conflicts of Interest in International Arbitration

The present article analyzes the recent revision of the International Bar Association Guidelines on Conflicts of Interest in International Arbitration, which were approved by the IBA in late October 2014. First introduced in 2004, the guidelines have become an essential tool relied upon by arbitration practitioners, institutions and courts when assessing questions of impartiality and independence of arbitrators and the extent of disclosure requirements. The goal of this paper is not only to highlight those aspects of the revised guidelines which are new or clarified, but also to provide a comprehensive analysis of the guidelines as a whole. To that end, the authors have identified a number of key topic areas relating to conflicts of interest in arbitration which have been the subject of recurring debate and were also to a considerable extent at the core of the discussion during the revision process. These topic areas serve as a framework to analyze and better comprehend the impact of the various provisions of the guidelines. In particular, the article addresses in detail the following specific subject matters: duties of disclosure and enquiry for arbitrators, administrative secretaries and parties, relationship-based conflicts (including third-party funding), issue conflicts, and waivers of conflicts of interest (including advance waivers).
Lipid Metabolism and HCV Infection

Chronic infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to severe liver disease and is a global healthcare problem. The liver is highly metabolically active and one of its key functions is to control the balance of lipid throughout the body. A number of pathologies have been linked to the impact of HCV infection on liver metabolism. However, there is also growing evidence that hepatic metabolic processes contribute to the HCV life cycle. This review summarizes the relationship between lipid metabolism and key stages in the production of infectious HCV.
Systematic and optimal design of CMOS two-stage opamps with hybrid cascode compensation

This paper presents a systematic and optimal design of hybrid cascode compensation method which is used in fully differential two-stage CMOS operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs). The closed loop analysis results are given to obtain a design procedure. A simple design procedure for the minimum settling time of the hybrid cascode compensation technique for a two-stage class A/AB amplifier is proposed. Optimal design issues of power dissipation are considered to achieve the lowest power consumption for the required settling time. Finally, a design example is presented to show both the usefulness of the hybrid cascode compensation and the proposed design procedure. The proposed design technique can help circuit designers as well as it can be used in computer aided circuit design tools
Creation of a bottom-up corpus-based ontology for Italian Linguistics

This paper describes the steps of construction of a shallow lexical ontology of Italian Linguistics, set to be used by a meta-search engine for query refinement. The ontology was constructed with the software Protégé 4.0. 2 and is in OWL format; its construction has been carried out following the steps described in the well-known Ontology Learning From Text (OLFT) layer cake. The starting point was the automatic term extraction from a corpus of web documents concerning the domain of interest (304,000 words); as regards corpus construction, we describe the main criteria of the web documents selection and its critical points, concerning the definition of user profile and of degrees of specialisation. We describe then the process of term validation and construction of a glossary of terms of Italian Linguistics; afterwards, we outline the identification of synonymic chains and the main criteria of ontology design: top classes of ontology are Concept (containing taxonomy of concepts) and Terms (containing terms of the glossary as instances), while concepts are linked through part-whole and involved-role relation, both borrowed from Wordnet. Finally, we show some examples of the application of the ontology for query refinement.
Characteristics of auditory processing disorder in primary school-aged children

The aims of this research were to identify and compare auditory processing, speech intelligibility, cognitive, listening, language and communication abilities in (i) typically developing, mainstream school (MS) children (n = 122) for direct comparison with (ii) children presenting to clinical services with auditory processing disorder (APD) (n = 19) or specific language impairment (SLI) (n = 22), and in (iii) a large population sample (n = 1469) who were categorised by their functional listening and communication abilities according to parental report rather than clinical diagnosis. All had normal hearing sensitivity. The clinically referred APD and SLI groups shared many behavioural characteristics across the broad range of measures. Both clinical groups significantly underperformed compared to the MS children, and the APD and SLI groups were virtually indistinguishable. This suggests diagnosis was based more on the referral route than on the actual differences. There was little association of auditory processing deficits with listening or language problems in either the clinical or the population sample after accounting for nonverbal IQ. The only exceptions were backward masking and frequency discrimination, the AP tests with the highest cognitive load. Poor general cognitive abilities were evident in those children with listening or language problems. These results suggest that top-down processing influences listening and language more than bottom-up sensory processing. It is argued that the term APD is a misnomer and should be renamed listening impairment. The co-occurrence of APD, or listening impairment, with both language impairment and autistic behaviours in the clinical and population samples suggests that APD is not a discrete and categorical disorder. Instead, APD as it is currently conceptualised, is dimensional, positioned more towards the language than the autistic extreme. Children with listening impairment who attend Audiology or ENT clinics should be screened for functional everyday measures of language and autistic behaviours to ensure appropriate onward referrals.
Outcome in adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a quality of life study.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate quality of life (QOL) in adults with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), using validated measures of functional disability and generic health status, and to quantify their educational attainment and employment status. METHODS The adult rheumatology departmental database was used to identify patients. Functional disability and generic health status/QOL were assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the Short Form 36-item health profile (SF-36), respectively. Educational achievement and employment status were assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS Complete data were available for 82 of the 101 patients identified. The median age of patients was 30 years, and the median disease duration was 21 years. No deaths were recorded. All subtypes of JIA were represented. Thirty-nine percent of patients had active disease (based on the physician global assessment scale score). The median HAQ score was 1.125 (range 0-3). SF-36 scores for bodily pain, general health, physical functioning, vitality, emotion, and social isolation were significantly worse in patients compared with controls, and this trend increased with increasing age of the patients and disease duration. The SF-36 mental summation scores of patients were low compared with those of controls, for all subtypes of JIA, and this finding was independent of the degree of functional disability (by HAQ and SF-36 physical summation scores). The educational attainment of patients was comparable to that of local controls, but unemployment rates for patients were 3-fold higher than those for controls. CONCLUSION This is the largest study in which the SF-36 was used to assess generic health status and QOL in adults with JIA. Many patients had active disease in adulthood, and although the physical outcome of adults with JIA is relatively good, a profound effect on generic health status and QOL was demonstrated for all types of JIA. Furthermore, despite excellent educational attainment, there was a high rate of unemployment among patients.
Automated GUI refactoring and test script repair

To improve the overall user experience, graphical user interfaces (GUIs) of successful software systems evolve continuously. While the evolution is beneficial for end users, it creates several problems for developers and testers. Developers need to manually change the GUI code. Testers need to manually inspect and repair highly fragile test scripts. This is time-consuming and error-prone. The state-of-the-art tools for automatic GUI test repair use a black-box approach: they try to infer the changes between two GUI versions and then apply these changes to the test scripts. However, inferring these changes is challenging. We propose a white-box approach where the GUI changes are automated and knowledge about them is reused to repair the test cases appropriately. We use GUI refactorings as a means to encode the evolution of the GUIs. We envision a smart IDE that will record these refactorings precisely as they happen and will use them to change the GUI code and to repair test cases. We illustrate our approach through an example, discuss challenges that should be overcome to turn our vision into reality, and present a research agenda to address these challenges.
Capacity analysis for noncooperative interference environments

To enhance the wireless bandwidth utilization, new forms of innovative spectrum policies, dynamically sharing channels over time and space, have been discussed. Dynamic spectrum access lets systems share the spectrum, to achieve better bandwidth utilization and trunking gains. In this work, we consider a case where such access is performed in an uncoordinated fashion. The paradigm shift to open frequency bands implies a need to investigate and verify resulting capacity gains. Herein, we give a general method for evaluating system capacity subject to outage probability constraints over fading channels, in an unlicensed band environment with uncoordinated systems. The channel fading effects include both attenuation, shadowing and multipath propagation and we end up with expressions, which are solved by numerical integration. The spectrum sharing is here performed by means of autonomous dynamic channel allocation (DCA), and we compare two DCA methods, maximum SIR DCA and random DCA.