Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knockdown of Y-box binding protein 1 induces autophagy in early porcine embryos

Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) plays important roles in RNA stabilization, translation, transcriptional regulation, and mitophagy. However, its effects on porcine preimplantation embryos remain unclear. In this study, we knocked down YBX1 in the one-cell (1C) stage embryo via small interfering RNA microinjection to determine its function in porcine embryo development. The mRNA level of YBX1 was found to be highly expressed at the four-cell (4C) stage in porcine embryos compared with one-cell (1C) and two-cell (2C) stages. The number of blastocysts was reduced following YBX1 knockdown. Notably, YBX1 knockdown decreased the phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (PRKN) mRNA levels. YBX1 knockdown also decreased PINK1, active mitochondria, and sirtuin 1 levels, indicating reduced mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, YBX1 knockdown increased the levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and calnexin, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Additionally, YBX1 knockdown increased autophagy and apoptosis. In conclusion, knockdown of YBX1 decreases mitochondrial function, while increasing ER stress and autophagy during embryonic development.
REAL TIME OBJECT TRACKING USING MEAN SHIFT ALGORITHM - A REVIEW

In the field of computer vision object tracking is one of the crucial research area. In order to evaluate the final tracking position of a target, target representation and locations are important. Mean shift algorithm is one of the accurate and fast objects tracking algorithm the modified mean shift algorithm which has been proposed here aims at continuous tracking in complex situations, such as the shape and the change in illumination of an object. The mean shift algorithm emphasizes on determining the object target region, and then a judgment on the tracking effect is made. In case of tracking failure, the object area is matched with the target model and a new track position is determined. Another option is to update target model periodically according to the state change of the moving object. Our emphasis will be there on experimentally showing that the proposed method can effectively track an object under the condition of varying illumination and shape deformation.
Environmental filtering in marine fish communities is weakened during severe

4 Compositional variation among local communities reflects the differences in abiotic 5 environments, though the extent of the influence varies in natural systems. Generally, the 6 environmental filtering is expected to be strong if the environmental gradient encompasses 7 severe habitats where species sorting is highly likely to work. However, this hypothesis has 8 rarely been tested in dynamic systems, where the higher dispersal ability of species allows
WIDER Annual Lecture 10 Global Patterns of Income and Health : Facts , Interpretations , and Policies

established by the United Nations University as its first research and training centre and started work in Helsinki, Finland in 1985. The purpose of the Institute is to undertake applied research and policy analysis on structural changes affecting the developing and transitional economies, to provide a forum for the advocacy of policies leading to robust, equitable and environmentally sustainable growth, and to promote capacity strengthening and training in the field of economic and social policy making. Its work is carried out by staff researchers and visiting scholars in Helsinki and through networks of collaborating scholars and institutions around the world.
Enhanced Identification of Internal Casting Defects in Vehicle Wheels Using YOLO Object Detection and X-Ray Inspection

In the rapidly evolving automobile industry, the safety and quality of individual vehicle components have gained paramount importance. Among these, aluminum wheels are particularly critical, given their susceptibility to internal casting defects. This study presents a novel approach to identify these defects non-destructively, employing X-ray inspection and harnessing the power of YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection. Images of vehicle aluminum wheels were obtained via X-ray inspection, revealing the presence of internal defects. Subsequently, a periodic noise e.limination algorithm, underpinned by morphological filtering and adaptive image processing weights, was utilized to enhance the image clarity. The application of a composite cascade filter further improved the image resolution. The enhanced images were then processed using YOLO object detection, a cutting-edge technology renowned for its precision in object detection tasks. This study explores the efficacy of different YOLO model architectures in detecting and identifying internal casting defects in aluminum wheels. Our research contributes to the development of a highly accurate system for the detection of internal casting defects in vehicle wheels, offering potential improvements in vehicle safety. This methodology, pairing X-ray inspection with advanced object detection algorithms, provides a robust approach for defect identification in the production process, laying the groundwork for future advancements in vehicle component quality control.
GSTM1 null genotype in COPD and lung cancer: evidence of a modifier or confounding effect?

Background: Studies over the past two decades have reported associations between GSTM1 (glutathione S-transferase mu 1) null genotype and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or lung cancer. However, a modifier or confounding effect from COPD mediating the GSTM1 association with lung cancer has not been previously explored. Aim and methods: This variant was examined in a case-control study of current or former smokers with COPD (n = 669), lung cancer (n = 454), or normal lung function (n = 488). Sex, age, and smoking history were comparable between groups. Results: The GSTM1 null genotype was found to be more frequent in smokers with COPD alone (odds ratio [OR] 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.66, P = 0.031) and lung cancer (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.96–1.65, P = 0.083) than in matched smokers with normal lung function (62%, 61%, and 56%, respectively). However, when smokers with lung cancer were subgrouped according to the presence of COPD, then the association with all COPD subjects (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07–1.70, P = 0.010) and with COPD and lung cancer (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.06–2.12, P = 0.018) continued to be significant while that with lung cancer only was reduced (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.78–1.56, P = 0.55). These associations were independent of age, sex, height, lung function, and smoking history. Conclusion: Findings suggest that COPD is an important subphenotype of lung cancer and may underlie previously reported associations with the GSTM1 null genotype.
Near Infrared -Visible Photonic Bandgap in One-Dimensional Periodic Photonic Crystal Structure Composed of Tio2/Te Layers

In this present paper, we consider some features of the states of one-dimensional photonic crystals. Form the numerical results performed by transfer matrix method in periodic multilayer structure made of titanium dioxide and tellurium material, it is found that the structure possesses a photonic band gap it was determined that the structure has a photonic band gap in the borderline visible and infrared spectral region. Our predictions were in good agreement with the photonic bandgap tuning. Our simple model can also predict and explain the effect of incidence angle and wavelength and number of layers on the photonic bandgap. We expect such structures to play an important role in micromechanical tunable optical sensors and filters.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN BELIEVABILITY AND USEFULNESS OF COVID-19 RELATED INFORMATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA

Abstract: COVID-19 is one of the most threatening pandemics in recent times. People worldwide became terrified because of the risk of contagion, the high rate of fatality, particularly among the elderly, and the effects on people's social, economic, political, and cultural lives. Despite the risk associated with the Pandemic, the Nigerian populaces have different attitudes regarding the usefulness of information and believability, especially on social media. This study examines gender differences in Covid-19 attitudes towards related information on social media among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. The study employed a qualitative approach, and interviews were used to collect data. Purposive sampling techniques were used in selecting respondents. The participants consist of six female students and six male students. Overall, twelve students were selected to respond to the interview questions. Purposive sampling techniques were used in selecting respondents. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings showed an insignificant gender difference in Covid-19 attitudes and beliefs among students. The result further indicated that females do not value Covid-19 related information posted on social media by individuals. Keywords: Attitude; COVID-19; Disinformation; Fake News; Gender; Nigeria; Social Media
A Proposed Multifactor Authentication Framework for SME in Cloud Computing Environment

Different services are provided via cloud computing over the Internet to benefit Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). In order to suit client needs, the cloud computing environment consists of hardware and software resources housed in data centres that provide a range of services across a network or the Internet. However, due to the difficulties in adopting cloud computing, SMEs are unable to use the technology extensively. In cloud-based contexts, authentication security issues are the most significant obstacles. The security of the cloud environment’s current authentication technique is geared toward massive enterprises and organizations. Therefore, it would not be cost-effective for SMEs to adopt the suggested multifactor authentication(MFA) framework. Single sign-on (SSO) is the basis for the authentication security provided and is vulnerable to several cyber-attacks. This study determines the necessary requirements for developing the framework for multifactor authentication requirements for the cloud computing environment from an SME perspective. This study uses a systematic literature review and preliminary investigation with experts from SMEs to identify the required components. The study will benefit SMEs using cloud computing and elevate many SMEs’ operational levels to minimize the cost and additional resources. Additionally, the increased demand for cloud computing services explains the requirement for SME businesses to have cloud services that are more efficient, safe, and well-maintained.
Asymmetric exchange rate pass-through to consumer prices in Egypt

This paper investigates the exchange rate pass-through to consumer prices in Egypt during the period (1960-2020). A Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lags (NARDL) model is employed to isolate domestic currency depreciations from its appreciations and to account for the potential asymmetry in the impact of the exchange rate on consumer prices. The results of the study show evidence of asymmetric pass-through to consumer prices in the long run. The exchange rate pass-through effect is found to be positive but incomplete in the periods of domestic currency depreciation and statistically insignificant in the periods of currency appreciation. These results are consistent with the stickiness of prices downwards. Accordingly
Development and Test of Measuring Scale of Famous-brand Cluster Effects-- Study on Famous-brand Cluster Effects Based on Cluster Brands

The cluster and its effects of many famous brands within the cluster play an important part during cluster brand formation. The paper intends to explore the effects on cluster brand formation of famous-brand cluster from the angle of cluster brands, and develop a set of quantitative measuring scale. The paper generalizes the famous-brand cluster effects during cluster brand formation as four key dimensions: centralization and diffuseness effects, collaboration and competition effects, according to the literature study and the results of deeply interviews. Simplification has been done by pre-test, pilot test and questionnaire etc. The results of empirical analysis show that the measuring scale we developed has better reliability and validity.
Cross-Media Retrieval Based on Two-Level Similarity and Collaborative Representation

In the exploration of cross-media retrieval encompassing images and text, an advanced method incorporating two-level similarity and collaborative representation (TLSCR) is presented. Initially, two sub-networks were designed to handle both global and local features, facilitating enhanced semantic associations between images and textual content. Whole images, along with regional image sectors, served as representations for images, while textual content was depicted both through complete sentences and select keywords. An innovative two-level alignment approach was introduced to segregate and then amalgamate the global and local depictions of paired images and texts. Subsequently, employing collaborative representation (CR) technology, each experimental image was collaboratively reconstructed by utilising the entirety of the training images, and every experimental text by incorporating all the training texts. The collaborative coefficients derived were subsequently employed as congruent dimensional representations for both images and texts. Upon completion of these operations, cross-media retrieval between the two modalities was conducted. Experimental outcomes on datasets like Wikipedia and Pascal Sentence confirm the superior precision of the proposed method, surpassing conventional cross-media retrieval methodologies.
Estimation of source signatures from air guns fired at various depths: A field test of the source scaling law

ABSTRACTRecent advances in marine broadband seismic data acquisition have led to a range of new air-gun source configurations. The air-gun arrays have conventionally been kept at a constant depth, but to attenuate the source-side ghost reflection, new source strategies involving multiple source depths have been proposed. The bubble-time period for an air-gun bubble is dependent on, among many parameters, the firing depth. We use quasi near-field measurements of air-gun signatures to validate a version of the well-known source scaling law in which the characteristic bubble-time period is used as the scale. We find that the source scaling law can be used to estimate a source signature from one depth knowing the source signature at a different depth from the same gun. Furthermore, we derive a correction term to the Rayleigh-Willis bubble-time equation to correct for the fact that interaction between the bubble and free surface reduces the bubble-time period. This correction term improves our results signific.
Role of high‑sensitivity C‑reactive protein in patients with sarcoma

Immunotherapy has shown promising results in lung cancer and melanomas; however, the responses have been poor in patients with sarcoma. Understanding the relationship between the immune system and sarcoma is essential to develop improved immunotherapy approaches. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been proposed as a prognostic marker in other cancer types; however, to the best of our knowledge, the association between hs-CRP levels and mortality in patients with sarcoma has not been investigated. The present prospective, non-randomised, non-interventional explorative study investigated the prognostic value of hs-CRP in patients with sarcoma. Patients referred to the sarcoma centre of Aarhus University Hospital (Aarhus, Denmark) were included between April 2014 and December 2020. Clinical data were obtained from the national quality sarcoma database and biomarkers other than hs-CRP were obtained from the clinical laboratory information system. The study cohort consisted primarily of patients with localised sarcoma. hs-CRP was significantly higher in patients with bone sarcoma (P=0.022) and soft tissue sarcoma (STS; P<0.001) compared with control patients. For STS, grade III tumours but not metastatic disease were associated with a higher hs-CRP level (P=0.0001). Elevated hs-CRP levels were associated with increased overall mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 1.91; 95% CI, 1.33–2.75; P=0.001]. Furthermore, elevated hs-CRP levels were also associated with decreased progression-free survival (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.17–2.29; P=0.004). Furthermore, for patients with hs-CRP <8 mg/l, higher hs-CRP was associated with an increased risk of recurrent disease and reduced overall survival compared with those of patients with low hs-CRP. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that hs-CRP was a prognostic factor for overall mortality and progression-free survival in patients with localised sarcoma at the time of diagnosis. Further studies are required to investigate the mechanism behind the association between hs-CRP and sarcoma prognosis and its potential use in clinical practice.
Electric Field Effects on Curved Graphene Quantum Dots

The recent and continuous research on graphene-based systems has opened their usage to a wide range of applications due to their exotic properties. In this paper, we have studied the effects of an electric field on curved graphene nanoflakes, employing the Density Functional Theory. Both mechanical and electronic analyses of the system have been made through its curvature energy, dipolar moment, and quantum regeneration times, with the intensity and direction of a perpendicular electric field and flake curvature as parameters. A stabilisation of non-planar geometries has been observed, as well as opposite behaviours for both classical and revival times with respect to the direction of the external field. Our results show that it is possible to modify regeneration times using curvature and electric fields at the same time. This fine control in regeneration times could allow for the study of new phenomena on graphene.
Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction Based on Multi-Scale and Attention Mechanisms

In order to improve the reconstruction quality of magnetic resonance imaging under undersampling, this paper proposes improvements based on the VS-Net network, which incorporates multi-scale residual convolution and attention mechanism modules into the network to achieve the reconstruction algorithm of magnetic resonance imaging under undersampling. This paper proposes a multi-scale feature MCRB module, which extracts and merges features from different scale feature maps to enhance the reconstruction of details and improve the resolution of reconstructed images. In addition, the CBAM attention mechanism module is incorporated into the network to amplify the detailed information and remove redundant features. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach in this paper can reconstruct magnetic resonance images with higher quality and clearer texture details, indicating its high practical value.
Students’ mathematical literacy skill in term of gender differences: A comparative study

The emergence of the 21st century requires the younger generation to be able to face increasingly fierce global competition. One of the skills needed by the younger generation in this century is mathematical literacy. This ability needs to be improved in learning at school. One important factor that must be considered in learning mathematics literacy is gender differences. Therefore, this study aims to identify students' literacy abilities and find out the differences between male and female students at Madiun State Middle School. This research uses a quantitative approach in the form of a comparative study. The research sample of 336 students was analyzed using descriptive analysis and the Mann-Whitney test. The results of the study concluded that the ability of female students’ mathematical literacy was much higher than that of male students. Female students excel in terms of representation, modeling, mathematical communication, and problem posing and solving skills. Meanwhile, male students excel in terms of using math symbols and mathematical thinking and reasoning.
Human Palaeontology and Prehistory Amerindians: testing the hypothesis about their homogeneity

Abstract One of the postulates of the most accepted models about the peopling of theAmericas proposes thatAmerindians constitutea homogeneous population. The aim of the present study is to assess the homogeneity of the craniofacial morphology of SouthAmerican Amerindians in a worldwide context. Variance of each geographical region and F ST values among local populationswere obtained. Results indicate that the southern Amerindians present a high level of morphologic variation, even whengeographically closer populations are compared. The origin of Amerindians as well as micro evolutionary processes, whichwould explain the high variability, is discussed. To cite this article: M.L. Sardi et al., C. R. Palevol 3 (2004). © 2004 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. ResumeAmerindiens : evaluation de l’hypothese sur leur homogeneite. Les modeles les plus acceptes pour expliquer lepeuplementdesAmeriquessupposentquelesAmerindiensconstituentunepopulationhomogene.L’objectifdecetteetudeestdetester l’homogeneite de la morphologie crâniofaciale des groupes Amerindiens de l’Amerique du Sud par rapport a unechantillon mondial. Nous avons calcule la variance pour chaque region geographique, ainsi que les