Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Terminating iterative solution of simultaneous equations in distributed message passing systems

An efficient algorithm for synchronized termination of iterative solution of simultaneous equations in a distributed message passing system is presented. The algorithm is based on an assumption that distributed processors are connected via unidirectional channels into a strongly connected network, in which no central controller exists. The number of processors and the network configuration are not known a priori. Simultaneous equations are widely used for modelling of large scale systems in science and engineering. In many applications, a modelled system is composed of local models highly interdependent on each other. In particular, a cooperative computation consists of an aggregate of local modules being developed and Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission. maintained by a number of organizationally and geographically dispersed groups [5]. Integrating local models into a global system on a single computer would require solving iteratively simultaneous equations from all the local models. It would result in a large sparse coefficient matrix and a system of equations which is inefficient to solve. Instead, a distributed solution can be used, where the dense clusters of variables in each local model are solved iteratively locally and the local solutions are communicated to other models repeatedly until global convergence of the communicated variables is attained. Distributed solution supports the geographical dispersal of specialists, the testing and integration with real life data, and finally the parallelism needed to complete computation in a reasonable time. Distributed solutions should allow for independent development of local models, their testing without linkage to other models and then experimentation with progressively growing numbers of models being connected together. To achieve that, the use of a very high level language MODEL [6] along with underlying compiler and configurator has been proposed [7]. The compiler generates programs for individual models from specifications independently developed by each local group of users. Based on simple, graph-oriented description of a network of models, the configurator 287
Disentangling passion and engagement: An examination of how and when passionate employees become engaged ones

While anecdotal industry evidence indicates that passionate workers are engaged workers, research has yet to understand how and when job passion and engagement are related. To answer the how question, we draw from person-environment fit theory to test, and find support for, the mediating roles of perceived demands–abilities (D–A) fit and person–organization (P–O) fit in the relationships between passion and job engagement, and between passion and organizational engagement, respectively. Also, because the obsessive form of passion is contingency-driven, we answer the when question by adopting a target-similarity approach to test the contingent role of multi-foci trust in the obsessive passion-to-engagement relationships. We found that when obsessively passionate workers trust their organization, they report greater levels of organizational engagement (because of increased P–O fit). In contrast, when these workers trust both their co-workers and supervisor simultaneously, they report greater levels of job engagement (because of increased D–A fit).
CAMBIO DE CÓDIGO Y USO DE OTRAS LENGUAS POR PARTE DE LOS ALUMNOS EN CLASE DE ESPAÑOL L2

The paper discusses the results of observations centered on students’ code-switching in Spanish classes. Concerning the definition of a bilingual and the multilingual person, we consider it should be based on a broad perspective, defined by sociolinguistics. The observations took place in a public center for adult education in Spain, in November 2016. The effectiveness of the use of L1 in L2 or FL classes is a subject extensively discussed among researchers and teachers. Here we present some of the work centered on this subject in the context of teaching different languages, Spanish in particular. We consider that this use can be effective both in teaching and learning the TL, but we are also aware of its potential inconvenience in case it is not developed in a strategic manner. Research is needed in order to define which strategies of use of L1, and other languages, are appropriate and beneficial for teaching and learning L2 and FL. Key words: teaching Spanish, code-switching, bilingualism, multilingualism.
Capsid framework: Towards next-generation network of distributed content

This paper introduces a new paradigm regarding the relationship between content and application. We propose to aggregate content and application in a new abstraction level called Capsid and we show its benefits. In this paradigm, documents are considered as live objects, distributed in a next-generation network. Duplication, tracking and security issues are studied. A name resolution scheme is defined so that remote Capsids can be referenced. This paper also presents technical details on the implementation of a Capsid framework.
Recombinant interleukin-1β dilates steelhead trout coronary microvessels: effect of temperature and role of the endothelium, nitric oxide and prostaglandins

ABSTRACT Interleukin (IL)-1β is associated with hypotension and cardiovascular collapse in mammals during heat stroke, and the mRNA expression of this pro-inflammatory cytokine increases dramatically in the blood of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) at high temperatures. These data suggest that release of IL-1β at high temperatures negatively impacts fish cardiovascular function and could be a primary determinant of upper thermal tolerance in this taxa. Thus, we measured the concentration-dependent response of isolated steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) coronary microvessels (<150 μm in diameter) to recombinant (r) IL-1β at two temperatures (10 and 20°C). Recombinant IL-1β induced a concentration-dependent vasodilation with vessel diameter increasing by approximately 8 and 30% at 10−8 and 10−7 mol l−1, respectively. However, this effect was not temperature dependent. Both vessel denudation and cyclooxygenase blockade (by indomethacin), but not the nitric oxide (NO) antagonist L-NIO, inhibited the vasodilator effect of rIL-1β. In contrast, the concentration-dependent dilation caused by the endothelium-dependent calcium ionophore A23187 was completely abolished by L-NIO and indomethacin, suggesting that both NO and prostaglandin signaling mechanisms exist in the trout coronary microvasculature. These data: (1) are the first to demonstrate a functional link between the immune and cardiovascular systems in fishes; (2) suggest that IL-1β release at high temperatures may reduce systemic vascular resistance, and thus, the capacity of fish to maintain blood pressure; and (3) provide evidence that both NO and prostaglandins play a role in regulating coronary vascular tone, and thus, blood flow. Summary: The pro-inflammatory cytokine (r)interleukin-1β dilates isolated coronary microvessels of steelhead trout in a concentration-dependent manner: an effect that is not influenced by incubation at high temperature (20°C) and is partially mediated by prostaglandins.
The Acquisition of Performatives Prior to Speech.

Why does a child learn to talk? Where does he get the idea of communication in the first place? The vast majority of developmental language studies are addressed to the internal structure of early speech, or to the nature of adult linguistic input to children. The child's entry into this same communicative network is hence taken for granted. In this study, we have examined the onset of intentional communication before speech begins, and traced it to the very first uses of speech. In particular, we were interested in the cognitive and social developments that prepare the child for the discovery of com munication. As a framework for research on the development of communica tive intentions, we have based our study on recent work in philosophy of language and linguistic semantics, in an area referred to as "speech act theory" or "performative analysis. " The impetus for this work comes in large measure from the philosopher J. Austin (1962). Austin stressed the inadequacy of traditional analyses of sentences into propositions which must either be true or false. Instead, he sug gested that some sentences are not descriptions of events, but events in themselves—acts that are carried out when a sentence is used
A RELIABLE NODE-DISJOINT MULTIPATH ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR MANET

INTRODUCTION: A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a self-configuring infrastructure less network of mobile devices connected by wireless. Ad hoc is Latin and means "for this purpose". Each device in a MANET is free to move independently in any direction, and will therefore change its links to other devices frequently. Each must forward traffic unrelated to its own use, and therefore be a router. The primary challenge in building a MANET is equipping each device to continuously maintain the information required to properly route traffic. Such networks may operate by themselves or may be connected to the larger Internet.
Investigation of bandwidth allocation based on rat selection in a wireless heterogeneous network for smart home application

Smart homes have gained a lot of attention in recent years. People are looking forward to receiving an opportunistic network, where they can gather communication devices within a wireless heterogeneous network. The most important issue in a wireless heterogeneous network is to manage bandwidth, due to the scarcity of this resource in wireless links, compared to wired networks. Bandwidth management inefficiency may result in an unsatisfactory performance of a network. This paper investigates bandwidth allocation based on Radio Access Technology (RAT) selection in a wireless heterogeneous smart home environment that integrates different RATs considered in the study, which are Bluetooth, cellular 3G, and Wi-Fi. The nodes/users in a smart home are served through a RAT that best fits the service requirements; with adequate bandwidth that guarantees Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. We will demonstrate the comparison between the bandwidth occupancy of each RAT using two types of service admission procedures. From the results, the bandwidth occupied by different RATs show a variation distribution depending on the service admission control procedure used. We advocate the notion of bandwidth allocation with adequate bandwidth for service application requests as a criterion to quantify the state of balance in future heterogeneous multi-RAT environments.
Why Regularized Auto-Encoders learn Sparse Representation?

While the authors of Batch Normalization (BN) identify and address an important problem involved in training deep networks-- \textit{Internal Covariate Shift}-- the current solution has certain drawbacks. For instance, BN depends on batch statistics for layerwise input normalization during training which makes the estimates of mean and standard deviation of input (distribution) to hidden layers inaccurate due to shifting parameter values (especially during initial training epochs). Another fundamental problem with BN is that it cannot be used with batch-size $ 1 $ during training. We address these drawbacks of BN by proposing a non-adaptive normalization technique for removing covariate shift, that we call \textit{Normalization Propagation}. Our approach does not depend on batch statistics, but rather uses a data-independent parametric estimate of mean and standard-deviation in every layer thus being computationally faster compared with BN. We exploit the observation that the pre-activation before Rectified Linear Units follow Gaussian distribution in deep networks, and that once the first and second order statistics of any given dataset are normalized, we can forward propagate this normalization without the need for recalculating the approximate statistics for hidden layers.
CpG oligodeoxynucleotide nanomedicines for the prophylaxis or treatment of cancers, infectious diseases, and allergies

Unmethylated cytosine-guanine dinucleotide-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs), which are synthetic agonists of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), activate humoral and cellular immunity and are being developed as vaccine adjuvants to prevent or treat cancers, infectious diseases, and allergies. Free CpG ODNs have been used in many clinical trials implemented to verify their effects. However, recent research has reported that self-assembled CpG ODNs, protein/peptide–CpG ODN conjugates, and nanomaterial–CpG ODN complexes demonstrate higher adjuvant effects than free CpG ODNs, owing to their improved uptake efficiency into cells expressing TLR9. Moreover, protein/peptide–CpG ODN conjugates and nanomaterial–CpG ODN complexes are able to deliver CpG ODNs and antigens (or allergens) to the same types of cells, which enables a higher degree of prophylaxis or therapeutic effect. In this review, the author describes recent trends in the research and development of CpG ODN nanomedicines containing self-assembled CpG ODNs, protein/peptide–CpG ODN conjugates, and nanomaterial–CpG ODN complexes, focusing mainly on the results of preclinical and clinical studies.
Demo Abstract : Scalable Visual Codes for Embedding Digital Data in the Physical World

Visual codes, such as QR codes, offer a low-cost alternative to RF technology when digital data needs to be embedded in objects in the physical world. However, in order to support receivers with a poor visual channel, e.g. low-resolution cameras, most visual codes are designed for low data capacity and short reading distances. We present our work-in-progress on Focus, a visual code that avoids earlier work’s explicit trade-off between code capacity and channel quality. Rather than encoding the payload directly into individual pixels, Focus encodes the payload over a range of spatial frequencies. As a result, even a receiver with a very poor channel (e.g., with low-resolution camera or motion blur) can still partly decode a Focus code, because the code’s low-frequency components are robust to common channel impairments. A receiver with a good channel can decode all data from the same code. In our demo, we will present a prototype of Focus for smartphones and showcase how it deals with common impairments of the visual channel.
Topography independent InSAR coherence estimation in a multiresolution scheme

The main advantage of multidimensional SAR data is the possibility to perform quantitative remote sensing in order to characterize the Earth surface. In most of the cases, the quantitative retrieval of physical parameters is performed on the basis of the correlation properties of the set of SAR images, measured by the correlation coefficients and coherence parameters. As demonstrated, coherence estimation is affected by several problems as the presence of biases or the loss of spatial resolution with respect to the original SAR images. The scope of this paper is to characterize accurately the coherence parameter, especially in the case of interferometric SAR data, by considering a new model for speckle noise in multidimensional SAR data proposed by the authors. Results with experimental data are presented.
A New Solution Approach for Simultaneous Mobility Issues in Seamless Handover

This paper proposes a new solution approach for the simultaneous mobility issues in seamless handover. An alternative scheme is designed to minimize handover latency between two different networks with location management support while simultaneous handover occurs. One of the most emerging techniques in recent research projects for mobility management is mobile Stream Transmission Control Protocol (mSCTP). The multi-homing feature of Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) and dynamic address reconfiguration (DAR) extension of SCTP are applied in the proposed solution to achieve improved seamless performance. We used an additional Location Server (LS) to ensure location management between simultaneously moving mobile nodes (MNs) while simultaneous handover occurs. This research is dedicated to design a new model of simultaneous mobility based on 'Step_length' and the implementation of the model i.e., mSCTP with LS to solve the simultaneous mobility issues. 'Step_length' is defined as the random distance travelled by the simultaneously moving MNs in each step when location changes. The proposed scheme implemented on NS2 and performance evaluations are scrutinized to demonstrate the comparison of proposed simultaneous handover latency with LS and in absence of LS. The results show that our proposed approach has improved performance in reducing handover delay as well as handling simultaneous mobility issues in seamless handover.
Link Analysis Application in Personalized E-learning Environment

Personalized e-learning is a hot research topic. It can obviously improve the learning efficiency. A perfect e-learning system can recommend right learning content for right learner at right time. In order to find profit contents for different users, a network which describes the relationships among learners is constructed first. Then, the learners owning similar learning interests are found by community detection. At last, right contents are recommended to learners by the collaborative filtering method. This paper also proposes a method to introduce one or several persons to help a learner when he/she meets difficulty by link analysis. With our methods, users belonging to one community can share the proper learning contents and a learner can get valid help as well. E-learning systems can further improve their efficiencies through these methods.
A comparative survey on load balancing algorithms in cloud computing

Clouds are high configured infrastructure delivers platform, software as service, which helps customers to make subscription for their requirements under the pay as you go model. Cloud computing is spreading globally, due to its easy and simple service oriented model. The numbers of users accessing the cloud are rising day by day. Generally cloud is based on data centers which are powerful to handle large number of users. The reliability of clouds depends on the way it handles the loads, to overcome such problem clouds must be featured with the load balancing mechanism. The goal of balancing the load of virtual machines is to reduce energy consumption and provide maximum resource utilization thereby reducing the number of job rejections. This paper is a brief discussion on the existing load balancing techniques in cloud computing and further compares them based on various parameters like response time and Data processing time etc. The results discussed in this paper, based on existing Round Robin and Throttled scheduling algorithms.
MR imaging of Fe-Co nanoparticles, magnetotactic bacteria and Fe3O4 microparticles for future drug delivery applications

Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of novel potential drug delivery agents are investigated. Candidate carriers considered in this study are iron-cobalt (Fe-Co) nanoparticles, magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), and magnetite (Fe3O4) microparticles. The micro and nanoparticles are highly magnetic and can be steered using gradient coils. MTB, on the other hand, are microorganisms that naturally follow the magnetic field lines through a mechanism called magnetotaxis. These carriers share the capability to be controlled by magnetic field and to be detected on MR images.
The effect of victim description and receiver vulnerability in threat appeal on crime prevention behavior

多種類の災厄のリスクが伴っている。 このため,政府 などの公的主体によって公衆の予防行動を促進するた めの広報啓発や教育が行われている。 その中で犯罪対 策は厳罰化や監視など加害者を志向しがちであるが, 犯罪予防行動は犯罪被害リスクを低減する(Rountree, Land, & Miethe, 1994)ことから,犯罪領域でも潜在被 害者の予防行動の促進が重要である。 公的主体による公衆の予防行動の促進に用いられる 手段の 1つが脅威アピール(threat appeal)である。 脅威アピールとは,「対処行動の勧告を受け入れなかっ た場合に起きる不快な事象を叙述することによる説得 的なメッセージ」(Witte, 1992)であり,災厄の脅威 に関する情報と,脅威を低減するための対処行動に関 する情報とを対提示し,対処行動を取るよう勧告する ものである。 脅威アピールの背景理論には,防護動機理論 (Rogers, 1975),修正防護動機理論(Maddux & Rogers, 1983),拡張平行過程モデル(Witte, 1992)がある。 これらはいずれも,メッセージの受け手の内部に脅威 評価と対処評価の 2つの心理過程を仮定し,両者の評 価との間に交互作用効果を仮定している。 すなわち, 脅威評価で受け手の脅威認知が十分に高められ,かつ, 対処評価で対処行動の効果性が認知された場合にの み,勧告が受容されるとする。 この交互作用効果は, 喫煙防止(Sturges & Rogers, 1996),乳がんの自己検 脅威アピールでの被害の記述と受け手の脆弱性が 犯罪予防行動に与える影響 1, 2
Competition with Dynamic Spectrum Leasing

Dynamic spectrum leasing can greatly enhance the spectrum efficiency and encourage more flexible services in the spectrum market. This paper presents a detailed analytical study of the strategic interactions of two competing secondary network operators (duopoly) who need to make optimal investment (leasing) and pricing decisions while taking secondary endusers' heterogeneous wireless characteristics into consideration. The operators need to determine how much to lease from the spectrum owner, and compete to sell the spectrum to secondary users to maximize their individual profits. We model the system as a three-stage multi-leader dynamic game. Both the operators' equilibrium investment and pricing decisions turn out to have nice threshold properties. Each secondary user receives a fair equilibrium resource allocation that only depends on the leasing cost of the operators and is independent of other users' channel conditions and transmission powers. To further understand the impact of competition, we compare the duopoly equilibrium result with the coordinated case where the two operators cooperate to maximize the total profit. We show that the Price of Anarchy of the two operators' total profit is 82% with symmetric leasing costs, i.e., the maximum loss of the total profit due to competition is no larger than 18%. We also show that competition always leads to better payoffs for users compared with the coordinated case.
Wearable exoskeletons for the physical treatment of children with quadriparesis

Quadriparesis, caused by a number of congenital and acquired neuropathologies, affects children with the symptoms of weakness and motor impairment in all four limbs. The physical treatment of this disease could be hypothetically improved by the use of wearable exoskeletons which would contribute to avoiding the side effects of the permanent sitting position: scoliosis, osteoporosis, spasticity, respiratory disorders, blood circulation problems, among others. Overall, the use of a wearable exoskeleton would contribute substantially to the improvement of these children's quality of life. This paper presents the first pédiatrie wearable exoskeleton for the physical treatment of this disease. The paper shows the main components of the device and the laboratory proof of concept in two voluntary subjects.
Handwritten Farsi character recognition using evolutionary fuzzy clustering

In this paper, a Fuzzy clustering method based on Fuzzy c-Means clustering(FCM) and Evolutionary Strategies (ES) is proposed for handwritten Farsi character recognition. Experimental result showed that not only this algorithm can represent accurately the ambiguity of handwritten characters but also it outperforms the classical crisp based methods especially when word recognition is the main concern.