Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parametric Learning of Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Deep neural networks have recently been showing great potential on visual recognition tasks. However, it is also considered difficult to tune its parameters, and it has high training cost. This work focuses on analysis of several learning methods and properties of multinomial logistic regression deep convolutional network. We implemented a scalable deep neural network, compared the efficiency of different methods and how parameters affect the learning process. We propose an efficient method of performing back-propagation with limited kernel functions on GPU and achieved better efficiency. Our conclusions can be applied to train deep networks more efficiently. We achieved the recognition rate of over 0.95 without image preprocessing and fine tuning, within 10 minutes on a single machine.
Cyber security: A game-theoretic analysis of defender and attacker strategies in defacing-website games

The rate at which cyber-attacks are increasing globally portrays a terrifying picture upfront. The main dynamics of such attacks could be studied in terms of the actions of attackers and defenders in a cyber-security game. However currently little research has taken place to study such interactions. In this paper we use behavioral game theory and try to investigate the role of certain actions taken by attackers and defenders in a simulated cyber-attack scenario of defacing a website. We choose a Reinforcement Learning (RL) model to represent a simulated attacker and a defender in a 2×4 cyber-security game where each of the 2 players could take up to 4 actions. A pair of model participants were computationally simulated across 1000 simulations where each pair played at most 30 rounds in the game. The goal of the attacker was to deface the website and the goal of the defender was to prevent the attacker from doing so. Our results show that the actions taken by both the attackers and defenders are a function of attention paid by these roles to their recently obtained outcomes. It was observed that if attacker pays more attention to recent outcomes then he is more likely to perform attack actions. We discuss the implication of our results on the evolution of dynamics between attackers and defenders in cyber-security games.
H-TCP : A framework for congestion control in high-speed and long-distance networks

In this paper we present a new AIMD congestion control algorithm, H-TCP, that is suitable for deployment in high speed and long distance networks as well as conventional networks. H-TCP generalises the AIMD strategy to significantly improve the manner in which responsiveness and efficiency scale with path bandwidth-delay product and level of queue provisioning within the network. The performance of H-TCP is demonstrated via experimental measurements across a range of network conditions.
Randomness, lowness and degrees

Abstract We say that A ≤LRB if every B-random number is A-random. Intuitively this means that if oracle A can identify some patterns on some real γ, oracle B can also find patterns on γ. In other words, B is at least as good as A for this purpose. We study the structure of the LR degrees globally and locally (i.e., restricted to the computably enumerable degrees) and their relationship with the Turing degrees. Among other results we show that whenever ∝ is not GL2 the LR degree of ∝ bounds degrees (so that, in particular, there exist LR degrees with uncountably many predecessors) and we give sample results which demonstrate how various techniques from the theory of the c.e. degrees can be used to prove results about the c.e. LR degrees.
A perspective of end-of-life care education in undergraduate medical and nursing students in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

BACKGROUND The goals of this study were to evaluate: (1) the experiences and attitudes after exposure to dying patients in undergraduate medicine and nursing students with lack of training in end-of-life care issues; (2) whether or not exposure to terminally ill patients (TIPs) influences attitudes in students who had no training in end-of-life care; (3) students wishes regarding their future care of TIPs; and (4) if medicine and nursing students are indeed interested in receiving training in end-of-life care. MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey was administered to students in the first and last year in schools of medicine and nursing, comprising seven universities in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and surrounding areas. Data were collected during the 2005 to 2010 time period. Data from 730 students were analyzed. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION We found that nursing and medical undergraduate students at nursing and medicine schools in the city of Buenos Aires and surrounding areas: (a) come in direct contact with TIPs and perceive their suffering; and (b) have a highly positive attitude toward these patients, even though some of them referred to that relationship as arduous and in some cases they tended to avoid emotional involvement because they did not feel well trained. We also found that (c) this wish for avoidance was increased in final-year medical and nursing students who had been exposed to a higher number of TIPs; and (d) students unanimously manifested the opinion that the teaching about caring of TIPs should be included in the curricula and they would be well disposed to receive it. For all these reasons, we consider that the teaching of caregiving to TIPs in the academic degree programs of nursing and medicine should not be presented as a marginal issue.
Fuzzy systems modeling of in situ bioremediation of chlorinatedsolve n ts

A large-scale vadose zone-groundwater bioremediationdemonstration was conducted at the Savannah River Site (SRS) by injectingseveral types of gases (ambient air, methane, and nitrous oxide andtriethyl phosphate mixtures) through a horizontal well in the groundwaterat a 175 ft depth. Simultaneously, soil gas was extracted through aparallel horizontal well in the vadose zone at a 80 ft depth Monitoringrevealed a wide range of spatial and temporal variations ofconcentrations of VOCs, enzymes, and biomass in groundwater and vadosezone monitoring boreholes over the field site. One of the powerful modernapproaches to analyze uncertain and imprecise data chemical data is basedon the use of methods of fuzzy systems modeling. Using fuzzy modeling weanalyzed the spatio-temporal TCE and PCE concentrations and methanotrophdensities in groundwater to assess the effectiveness of differentcampaigns of air stripping and bioremediation, and to determine the fuzzyrelationship between these compounds. Our analysis revealed some detailsabout the processes involved in remediation, which were not identified inthe previous studies of the SRS demonstration. We also identified somefuture directions for using fuzzy systems modeling, such as theevaluation of the mass balance of the vadose zone - groundwater system,and the development of fuzzy-ruled methods for optimization of managingremediation activities, predictions, and risk assessment.
A 58–65 GHz Neutralized CMOS Power Amplifier With PAE Above 10% at 1-V Supply

A 60-GHz band, three-stage pseudo-differential power amplifier (PA) is implemented with input and output baluns on-chip. Each stage consists of a neutralized common-source amplifier pair. Neutralization mitigates the intrinsic gate-drain feedback of each transistor for increased power gain and reverse isolation. Shielded transformers couple the gain stages and allow low supply voltage operation. Fabricated in a 65-nm bulk CMOS process, the measured small-signal gain of the 0.13 × 0.41 mm2 PA is 16 dB at 60 GHz with 3-dB bandwidth more than 8.5 GHz, while consuming 50 mW from a 1-V supply. Reverse isolation is better than 42 dB from 55 to 65 GHz. Maximum saturated output power is 11.5 dBm with a peak PAE of 15.2% measured at 62 GHz; from 58 to 65 GHz, the measured PAE is above 10%.
Prenatal and postnatal development of GABA‐accumulating cells in the occipital neocortex of rat

The development of the 3H‐GABA‐accumulating cells in the neocortex has been followed by light microscopical autoradiography, and after resectioning of the original autoradiograms, by electron microscopy. The validity of the methods used are discussed. The study has been limited to the primary visual cortex and its precursors of rat, from embryonic day (E) 15 to adult.
Learning-Assisted Automated Planning: Looking Back, Taking Stock, Going Forward

This article reports on an extensive survey and analysis of research work related to machine learning as it applies to automated planning over the past 30 years. Major research contributions are broadly characterized by learning method and then descriptive subcategories. Survey results reveal learning techniques that have extensively been applied and a number that have received scant attention. We extend the survey analysis to suggest promising avenues for future research in learning based on both previous experience and current needs in the planning community.
Wave Atoms Decomposition Based Fingerprint Image Compression

Summary In spite of rapid progress in mass storage density, processor speeds, demand for image compression, data storage capacity and data-transmission bandwidth continues to excel the capabilities of the available technologies. Image compression primarily aims at reducing size and space for storing the image data. Modern fingerprint image compression and reconstruction procedures used by the US Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) are based upon the popular 9/7 discrete wavelet transform. In this paper we have devised a new technique for fingerprint image compression based on wave atoms decomposition. Wave atoms decomposition has been designed for augmentation representation of oscillatory patterns to convey temporal and spatial information. In this paper we considered linear vector quantization of decomposed wave atoms representation of fingerprint images. Subsequently quantized information is encoded with arithmetic entropy scheme. The proposed method produced better performs than FBI fingerprint image compression technique and the wavelet scalar quantization (WSQ).
L'attention visuelle sélective : pertinence, saillance, résistance à l'interférence

Cette these portait sur l'attention visuelle selective, dans le domaine non-spatial, c'est-a-dire la capacite a favoriser le traitement perceptif de certains objets de la scene visuelle au detriment des autres. En particulier, l'objectif etait d'etudier, a l'aide de tâches de recherche visuelle, les differentes interactions possibles entre les processus endogenes (lies aux intentions et connaissances du sujet) et les processus exogenes (lies aux caracteristiques perceptives des objets). Une premiere serie d'experiences demontrait que la saillance pouvait presenter des effets relativement durables. Cependant, ces effets de saillance pouvaient etre favorises ou contrecarres par des processus endogenes (induits par indicage portant sur la taille), et modules par l'amorcage perceptif. Une seconde serie d'experiences demontrait que la resistance a l'interference induite par un distracteur saillant dependait de ressources attentionnelles centrales, et etait modulee par la charge perceptive. Enfin, la troisieme serie d'experiences validait l'hypothese d'une integration entre des signaux endogenes et exogenes compatibles mais strictement distincts. La falsification de l'inegalite de Miller (1982) precisait que cette integration reposait sur une coactivation effective, non sur une simple facilitation statistique entre signaux strictement independants. Le locus cognitif de cette integration semble etre le systeme perceptif. L'ensemble des donnees presentees souligne la flexibilite du controle attentionnel, et invite a developper un modele general de l'attention visuelle selective base sur l'hypothese de competition biaisee (Desimone & Duncan, 1995).
Lévy Walks Evolve Through Interaction Between Movement and Environmental Complexity

Animals’ movements may not only respond to the environment, but may also shape it, and thus affect fitness. Ecological theory predicts that animal movement is shaped by its efficiency of resource acquisition. Focusing solely on efficiency, however, ignores the fact that animal activity can affect resource availability and distribution. Here, we show that feedback between individual behavior and environmental complexity can explain movement strategies in mussels. Specifically, experiments show that mussels use a Lévy walk during the formation of spatially patterned beds, and models reveal that this Lévy movement accelerates pattern formation. The emergent patterning in mussel beds, in turn, improves individual fitness. These results suggest that Lévy walks evolved as a result of the selective advantage conferred by autonomously generated, emergent spatial patterns in mussel beds. Our results emphasize that an interaction between individual selection and habitat complexity shapes animal movement in natural systems.
Efficient Resource Allocation for Parallel and Distributed Systems

The resource requirements characteristics of parallel scientific and commercial applications are quite diverse. In order to achieve the expected levels of high availability and faster service, new methods for resource allocation and management are needed. In this paper, we developed a new analytical model for resource allocation. The model includes the major system and application parameters that affect their performance. The model can detect and take into account the contention that may occur in shared device. It also includes the effect of the transient behavior and the type of the application service distribution. We use the model to examine the performance characteristics of these parameters and their effect on resource allocation. Our results show that the service distribution, the transient behavior and any resources’ contention have a significant impact on resource allocation.
A new Rac target POSH is an SH3‐containing scaffold protein involved in the JNK and NF‐κB signalling pathways

The Rho, Rac and Cdc42 GTPases coordinately regulate the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Mutational analysis of Rac has previously shown that these two activities are mediated by distinct cellular targets, though their identity is not known. Two Rac targets, p65PAK and MLK, are ser/thr kinases that have been reported to be capable of activating the JNK pathway. We present evidence that neither is the Rac target mediating JNK activation in Cos‐1 cells. We have used yeast two‐hybrid selection and identified a new target of Rac, POSH. This protein consists of four SH3 domains and ectopic expression leads to the activation of the JNK pathway and to nuclear translocation of NF‐κB. When overexpressed in fibroblasts, POSH is a strong inducer of apoptosis. We propose that POSH acts as a scaffold protein and contributes to Rac‐induced signal transduction pathways leading to diverse gene transcriptional changes.
Evaluating the Authority in a Weblog Community Evaluando la Autoridad en una Comunidad Weblog

The weblog medium while fundamentally is an innovation in personal publishing has also come to engender a new form of social interaction on the web: a massively distributed but completely connected conversation covering every imaginable topic of interest. A product of this ongoing communication is the set of hyperlinks made between weblogs in the exchange of dialog, a form of social acknowledgement on the part of authors. The purpose of this paper is to understand the social implications of linking in the community, drawing from the hyperlink citations collected by the Blogdex project over three years. Social network analysis is employed to describe the resulting social structure, and two measures of authority are explored: popularity, as measured by webloggers’public affiliations and influence measured by citation of each others writing. These metrics are evaluated with respect to each other and with the authority conferred by references in the popular press.
A Security Threat Analysis for the Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPLs)

This document presents a security threat analysis for the Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPLs). The development builds upon previous work on routing security and adapts the assessments to the issues and constraints specific to low-power and lossy networks. A systematic approach is used in defining and evaluating the security threats. Applicable countermeasures are application specific and are addressed in relevant applicability statements.
An Operational Semantics for Network Datalog

Network Datalog (NDlog) is a recursive query language that extends Datalog by allowing programs to be distributed in a network. In our initial efforts to formally specify NDlog’s operational semantics, we have found several problems with the current evaluation algorithm used, including unsound results, unintended multiple derivations of the same table entry, and divergence. In this paper, we make a first step towards correcting these problems by formally specifying a new operational semantics for NDlog and proving its correctness for the fragment of non-recursive programs. Our formalization uses linear logic with subexponentials. We also argue that if termination is guaranteed, then the results also extend to recursive programs. Finally, we identify a number of potential implementation improvements to NDlog.
Fathers of a Certain Age: The Joys and Problems of Middle-Aged Fatherhood

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A spatiotemporal characterization method for the dynamic cytoskeleton

The significant gap between quantitative and qualitative understanding of cytoskeletal function is a pressing problem; microscopy and labeling techniques have improved qualitative investigations of localized cytoskeleton behavior, whereas quantitative analyses of whole cell cytoskeleton networks remain challenging. Here we present a method that accurately quantifies cytoskeleton dynamics. Our approach digitally subdivides cytoskeleton images using interrogation windows, within which box‐counting is used to infer a fractal dimension (Df) to characterize spatial arrangement, and gray value intensity (GVI) to determine actin density. A partitioning algorithm further obtains cytoskeleton characteristics from the perinuclear, cytosolic, and periphery cellular regions. We validated our measurement approach on Cytochalasin‐treated cells using transgenically modified dermal fibroblast cells expressing fluorescent actin cytoskeletons. This method differentiates between normal and chemically disrupted actin networks, and quantifies rates of cytoskeletal degradation. Furthermore, GVI distributions were found to be inversely proportional to Df, having several biophysical implications for cytoskeleton formation/degradation. We additionally demonstrated detection sensitivity of differences in Df and GVI for cells seeded on substrates with varying degrees of stiffness, and coated with different attachment proteins. This general approach can be further implemented to gain insights on dynamic growth, disruption, and structure of the cytoskeleton (and other complex biological morphology) due to biological, chemical, or physical stimuli. © 2016 The Authors. Cytoskeleton Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The sensitivity to replacement and displacement of the eyes region in early adolescence, young and later adulthood

Recent evidence suggests a rather gradual developmental trajectory for processing vertical relational face information, lasting well into late adolescence (de Heering and Schlitz, 2008). Results from another recent study (Tanaka et al., 2014) indicate that children and young adolescents use a smaller spatial integration field for faces than do adults, which particularly affects assessment of long-range vertical relations. Here we studied sensitivity to replacement of eyes and eyebrows (F), variation of inter-eye distance (H), and eye height (V) in young adolescents (11–12 years), young (21–25 years), and middle-age adults (51–62 years). In order to provide a baseline for potential age effects the sensitivity to all three types of face manipulations was calibrated to equal levels for the young adults group. Both the young adolescents and the middle-age adults showed substantially lower sensitivity compared to young adults, but only the young adolescents had selective impairment for V relational changes. Their inversion effects were at similar levels for all types of face manipulations, while in both adult groups the inversion effects for V were considerably stronger than for H or F changes. These results suggest that young adolescents use a limited spatial integration field for faces, and have not reached a mature state in processing vertical configural cues. The H–V asymmetry of inversion effects found for both adult groups indicates that adults integrate across the whole face when they view upright stimuli. However, the notably lower sensitivity of middle-age adults for all types of face manipulations, which was accompanied by a strong general “same” bias, suggests early age-related decline in attending cues for facial difference.
Wearable sensors: can they benefit patients with chronic kidney disease?

ABSTRACT Introduction: This article ponders upon wearable medical measurement devices in relation to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and its’ associated comorbidities – and whether these might benefit CKD-patients. We aimed to map the intersection(s) of nephrology and wearable sensor technology to help technologists understand medical aspects, and clinicians to understand technological possibilities that are available (or soon will become so). Areas covered: A structured literature search on main comorbidities and complications CKD patients suffer from, was used to steer mini-reviews on wearable sensor technologies clustered around 3 themes being: Cardiovascular-related, diabetes-related and physical fitness/frailty. This review excludes wearable dialysis – although also strongly enabled by miniaturization – because that highly important theme deserves separate in-depth reviewing. Expert commentary: Continuous progress in integrated electronics miniaturization enormously lowered price, size, weight and energy consumption of electronic sensors, processing power, memory and wireless connectivity. These combined factors boost opportunities for wearable medical sensors. Such devices can be regarded as enablers for: Remote monitoring, influencing human behaviour (exercise, dietary), enhanced home care, remote consults, patient education and peer networks. However, to make wearable medical devices succeed, the challenge to fit them into health care structures will be dominant over the challenge to realize the bare technologies themselves.