Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on solving Traveling Salesman Problem based on virtual instrument technology and genetic-annealing algorithms

TSP (Travelling Salesman Problem) is a typical issue of combinatorial optimization problem in the domain of mathematics, which aims at finding the shortest pathway among the given cities, and visit each city only once. This essay introduces an efficient way to solve TSP based on virtual instrument technology, combining the genetic algorithm and annealing algorithm. Because it takes the advantage of global and local optimization of the two algorithms. Finally, this paper proves that using the genetic algorithm result as the initial condition of the annealing algorithm method is a better way to obtain the best pathway. The visible result displays and testes the validity of this method.
Oncogenic transformation of Drosophila somatic cells induces a functional piRNA pathway

Here, Fagegaltier et al. investigate how the piRNA pathway contributes to oncogenesis and show that oncogenic Ras combined with loss of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway reactivates a primary piRNA pathway in Drosophila somatic cells undergoing oncogenic transformation. Reducing Piwi expression inhibits proliferation of these transformed cells, suggesting that the piRNA pathway may play a role in tumorigenesis.
H.264/AVC Video Encoder Algorithm Optimization Based on TI TMS320DM642

Compared with the previous standards, H.264 adopted some new technologies to improve the coding efficiency and coding performance at the cost of higher computational complexity. We should do some changes to better fit for implementation based on DM642. In the paper, we reviewed the H.264 algorithm and looked for the crucial points for implementation based on DM642. We introduce searching algorithm and half-pixel interpolation algorithm optimization, the emphasis is put on the assembly optimization for Intra- prediction, DCT, Quantization(Q). Our H.264 encoder can encode real-time for QCIF resolution video, 12- 18 frames per second(fps) for CIF resolution video. The decoded video pictures provide high subjective and objective quality.
Nanomechanical testing of thin films to 950 °C

Nanomechanical testing has been a revolutionary technique in improving our fundamental understanding of the basis of mechanical properties of thin film systems and the importance of the nanoscale behaviour on their performance. However, nanomechanical tests are usually performed in ambient laboratory conditions even if the coatings being developed are expected to perform at high temperature in use. It is important to measure nanomechanical and tribological properties of materials under test conditions that are closer to their operating conditions where the results are more relevant. We can then better understand the links between properties and performance and design advanced materials systems for increasingly demanding applications. However, high temperature nanomechanics is highly challenging experimentally and a high level of instrument thermal stability is critical for reliable results. To achieve this stability the NanoTest Vantage has been designed with (i) active heating of the sample and the indenter (ii) horizontal loading to avoid convection at the displacement sensor (iii) patented stage design and thermal control method. By separately and actively heating and controlling the temperatures of both the indenter and test sample there is minimal/no thermal drift during the high temperature indentation and measurements can be performed as reliably as at room temperature. Illustrative results are presented for TiAlN, TiFeN, DLC and MAX-phase coatings. Above 500 °C it is necessary to use Argon purging to limit oxidation of samples and the diamond indenter, although the efficiency of this decreases over 750 °C. To test at higher temperatures without indenter or sample oxidation an ultra-low drift high temperature vacuum nanomechanics system (NanoTest Xtreme) has been recently developed. Results with the vacuum system are presented up to 950 °C.
Significance of eosinophil accumulation in the thrombus and decrease in peripheral blood in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Background and aims It is well known that the interaction between platelets (PLTs), endothelial cells, and leukocytes contributes to thrombosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of PLTs and eosinophils (EOS) in coronary arterial thrombi. Methods PLT count, mean PLT volume, PLT mass, EOS count, EOS percentage, and troponin I level in peripheral blood were determined in 81 patients with angina pectoris (AP) and 49 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A total of 12 thrombus specimens from AMI patients were submitted for histopathological analysis. EOS presence in thrombectomy specimens were checked by hematoxylin–eosin staining and confirmed by Luna staining. Results Results showed that EOS were present in all 12 samples (100%). Cell count and percentage of EOS in peripheral blood of patients with AMI were lower than those in patients with AP (both P<0.00001). A higher PLT count was observed in AMI patients (243±70), especially among female patients or those who were older than 60 years, when compared with AP patients (216±60; all P<0.05). According to the troponin I level, we divided AMI patients into groups I (≥20 ng/ml) and II (<20 ng/ml). Group I had a lower EOS percentage compared with group II (P=0.0496). PLT count was also lower in group I with no statistical difference found (P=0.1202). Moreover, there was an inverse correlation between the EOS percentage and the troponin I level (r=−0.434). Conclusion In conclusion, patients with AMI presented with a decreased EOS percentage and an increased PLT count. The decreased EOS percentage suggested serious myocardial damage. The study indicated that EOS play an important role in thrombosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Generalized eigen-combining algorithm for adaptive array systems in a co-channel interference environment

This paper presents a generalized eigen-combining algorithm for an adaptive array system that provides a diversity gain in angular spread, and a maximum signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) in the presence of strong interference. The proposed technique generates the maximum ratio of signal components distributed in the spatial channel subspace using channel bases that span the signal subspace and nullify the interference. Through extensive computer simulations, it is shown that the proposed algorithm represents a breakthrough in preventing performance saturation caused by strong co-channel interference.
Round-trip delay indoor ranging experiments with OFDM signals

Ranging accuracy and reliability is crucial for any cooperative- and non-cooperative positioning system indoors. State of the art systems exploit received signal strength (RSS) from WiFi devices, or ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) timing based range estimation. RSS proved to be unreliable in rich multipath environments. UWB combats multipath at the cost of high bandwidth and specialized hardware which is not integrated in state of the art mobile radio transceivers, e.g., in mobile phones. We tackle this problem with round-trip delay (RTD) based range estimation with orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) modulated signals which are widely used in WiFi and 3GPP-LTE. In this paper, we present our measurement setup, specifically the developed prototype and two different indoor environments with varying multipath conditions. Measurements along ground truth points are collected for each environment and post-processed. We apply four different estimators, two based on cross-correlation and interpolation, and two based on Maximum-likelihood (ML) multipath estimation. Furthermore, we analyze differences for each estimator in each measurement environment. This analysis reveals that a simple correlation based estimator with interpolation and smart thresholding is sufficient and a very good trade-off between computational complexity and accuracy compared to ML multipath estimators. These indoor experiments show that our simple ranging technique is suitable for indoor distance estimation with low bandwidth, low transmit power, and can be exploited for LTE Direct with low complexity.
Modelling of damage development and ductile failure in welded joints

(03/01/2019) Modelling of damage development and ductile failure in welded joints This thesis focuses on numerical analysis of damage development and ductile failure in welded joints. Two types of welds are investigated here. First, a study of the localization of plastic flow and failure in aluminum sheets, welded by the relatively new Friction Stir (FS) Welding method, has been conducted ([P1], [P2], [P7]-[P9]). The focus in the thesis is on FS-welded 2xxx and 6xxx series of aluminum alloys, which are attractive, for example, to the aerospace industry, since the 2024 aluminum in particular, is typically classified as un-weldable by conventional fusion welding techniques. Secondly, a study of the damage development in Resistance SpotWelded joints, when subject to the commonly used static shear-lab or cross-tension testing techniques, has been carried out ([P3]-[P6]). The focus in thesis is on the Advanced High Strength Steels, Dual-Phase 600, which is used in for example, the automotive industry due to its good mechanical properties. Both welding techniques are known to result in a significant change of the microstructure in the weld region. Thus, some experimental investigations have been conducted to estimate the variation of the model parameters across the weld as well as to obtain experimental measurements for comparison with the developed models ([P3], [P7]-[P9]). However, the main focus in this thesis is on modelling the large material deformation in the weld region that eventually leads to ductile failure, as loading is applied. All numerical models developed in this thesis are based on the classical micromechanical Gurson model (Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model), which approximates the ductile failure mechanism by nucleation, growth and coalescence of spherical micro-voids through a set of constitutive equations. Extensions to this classical model that account for the void shape evolution (the Gologanu-Leblond-Devaux model) and failure during low triaxiality shearing (the Nahshon-Hutchinson shear modification) have also been applied to predict failure in welded joints.
A pile-up of edge dislocations to relax Misfit strain

It is shown that very large stresses may be present in the thin films that comprise integrated circuits and magnetic disks and that these stresses can cause deformation and fracture of the material. For a crystalline film on a non-deformable substrate, a key problem involves the movement of dislocations in the thin film. An analysis of this problem provides insight into both the formation of misfit dislocations in epitaxial thin films and the high strengths of thin metal films on substrates. We develop in this paper, theoretical calculations for dislocation nucleation phenomena in nanomaterials obtained by hetero-epitaxial growth of thin films on substrates having lattice mismatch defects. Atomic force microscopy observations showed the nucleation of dislocations from free lateral surfaces to relax the "misfit" strain, here we explain the principle of nucleating edge dislocations from these surfaces by the theoretical calculation, using the method of image stress and energy study. We begin, by treating the case of a single dislocation and then generalize the work at a pile-up of n interface dislocations.
Book Review: Glutamate on Demand: Astrocytes as a Ready Source

The past decade of studies has changed our view of the integrative capacities and roles of glia. A picture is emerging in which neurons and astrocytes, a subtype of glial cell, are in a continuous regulatory dialogue. Initial studies demonstrated that chemical transmitters, which are released from neurons, induce elevations of astrocytic calcium. Furthermore, stimulation of neuronal afferents at modest frequencies induces a calcium response in astrocytes that is graded with stimulation frequency. The consequence of this astrocytic calcium response is now beginning to be appreciated in that changes in calcium level can induce the release of the chemical transmitter glutamate from this nonneuronal cell. During the past few years, it has been shown that by releasing glutamate, astrocytes can regulate synaptic transmission and contribute to certain forms of synaptic plasticity. The roles played in information processing by this glial feedback loop remain to be determined. However, it is likely that the results of these recent studies will signal a new way of thinking about the nervous system, in which the glial cell comes to the forefront of our attention.
Genetic Variation Suggests Interaction between Cold Acclimation and Metabolic Regulation of Leaf Senescence1[W][OA]

The extent to which leaf senescence is induced by nitrogen deficiency or by sugar accumulation varies between natural accessions of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Analysis of senescence in plants of the Bay-0 × Shahdara recombinant inbred line (RIL) population revealed a large variation in developmental senescence of the whole leaf rosette, which was in agreement with the extent to which glucose (Glc) induced senescence in the different lines. To determine the regulatory basis of genetic differences in the Glc response, we investigated changes in gene expression using Complete Arabidopsis Transcriptome MicroArray (CATMA) analysis. Genes whose regulation did not depend on the genetic background, as well as genes whose regulation was specific to individual RILs, were identified. In RIL 310, a line that does not show the typical senescence response to Glc, stress response genes, especially those responding to cold stress, were induced by Glc. We therefore tested whether cold acclimation delays senescence by reducing sugar sensitivity. In cold-acclimated plants, leaf senescence was severely delayed and Glc did not induce the typical senescence response. Together, our results suggest that cold acclimation extends rosette longevity by affecting metabolic regulation of senescence, thereby allowing vernalization-dependent plants to survive the winter period. The role of functional chloroplasts and of nitrogen and phosphate availability in this regulation is discussed.
Разработка технологических решений при производстве напитков профилактической направленности Development of technological solutions for the beverage industry preventive orientation

Summary. Market demand for foods with low fat content has been expanding, but for low-fat foods good organoleptic properties need new food ingredients and solutions. Food hydrocolloids, polysaccharides and milk proteins, now are widely used in various industries, including the dairy industry, performing various functions: to thicken aqueous solutions, foaming and stabilizing foams and others. We studied the functional and technological properties and developed technology of new types of oxygencontaining beverages (smoothies) on the basis of cheese whey, natural fruit and berry juices and purees and dietary fibres «Citri-Fi», including non-starch polysaccharides (guar gum and xanthan gum), contributing to the formation of a specific texture and drink as stabilizers oxygen foam. When creating new kinds of smoothies performed construction flavored beverage profile, the definition of rational parameters of preparation and entering dietary fibres; selection of the optimal concentration of dietary fiber for the formation of the desired consistency (texture) drink; study of quality and safety of new types of drinks and justification expiration dates. Based on the studies found that the use as stabilizers structure oxygen smoothie dietary fibres «Citri-Fi» in concentrations of 0.8 – 1 % and non-starch polysaccharides at concentrations of 0.1 - 0.3 % contributes to the production of foams drinks with a sufficiently high magnification. Increasing the dose of dietary fibres in making smoothies viscosity increases and weighting s ystem, drink bad whipped, there is separation of the product into phases, the system becomes thermodynamically unstable. Production technology and recipes for new types of smoothies with dietary fibres. Preventive orientation developed oxygenated drinks allows to include them in the diet of patients with chronic heart failure, which is confirmed by appropriate investigations.
Tetrahedral mesh generation by Delaunay refinement

Given a complex of vertices, constraining segments, and planar straight-line constraining facets in E3, with no input angle less than 90’. an algorithm presented herein can generate a conforming mesh of Delaunay tetrahedra whose circumradius-to-shortest edge ratios are no greater than two. The sizes of the tetrahedra can provably gr<ade from small to large over a relatively short distance. An implementation demonstrates that the algorithm generates excellent meshes, generally surpassing the theoretical bounds, and is effective in eliminating tetrahedra with small or large dihedral angles, although they are not all covered by the theoretical guarantee.
Wide - Sense Nonblocking logd(N; 0; p) Networks

One of the common architectures that are used in high-speed photonic and electronic switching networks is the log d (N, m, p) switching network [1,2]. In this paper we consider a special case of such network, log d (N, 0, p) network. Usually, the architecture is accompanied with the control algorithm that works online, i.e. after arrival of a connection request, a path through the network is assigned that connects the input and output of the new connection [3,4]. A switching network is wide sense nonblocking (WSNB) if a new call is always routable as long as all previous requests were routed according to a given routing algorithm [5]. WSNB switching networks were first introduced by Beneš [6] for symmetric 3−stage Clos network. He proved that C(n, m, 2) is WSNB if and only if m ≥ ⌊
A Dynamic Programming Method for Segmentation of Online Cursive Uyghur Handwritten Words into Basic Recognizable Units

Correct and efficient segmentation of Uyghur words into characters is crucial to the successful recognition. However, little work has been done in this area. There are many connected characters in cursive Uyghur handwriting, which makes the segmentation and recognition of Uyghur words very difficult. To enable large vocabulary Uyghur word recognition using character models, we propose a character segmentation method using dynamic programming in online cursive Uyghur handwriting. Firstly, after removing delayed strokes from the handwritten words, potential breakpoints are detected from concavities and ligatures by temporal and shape analysis of the stroke trajectory. Then, a dynamic programming method is applied to find the best segmentation point for each character. Our preliminary experiments on an online Uyghur word dataset demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve good performance in segmenting cursive handwritten Uyghur characters.
Contracts, Biases and Consumption of Access Services

We study theoretically and empirically the consumption of access services. We demonstrate that consumption is affected by contract structure pay-per-use versus three-part tariffs even if the optimal consumption plans are identical. We find that, although there is extensive individual heterogeneity, on average, consumers' choices follow a structure that is similar to a nearly optimal heuristic and correctly react to imbalances between the number of free calls and call opportunities remaining. However, consumers use the free units too quickly, leading to overconsumption and lost surplus. These errors are partially driven by mistaken beliefs about the value distribution. We also measure subjects' willingness to pay for a contract with free access units, and we find that nearly half of subjects are willing to pay at least the full per-unit price, with a substantial fraction willing to overpay. In response, the optimal firm strategy offers a three-part tariff at a very small discount, which increases revenue by 8%--14% compared to only offering a pay-per-use contract. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1287/mnsc.2013. 1889 . This paper was accepted by Teck-Hua Ho, behavioral economics.
Properly Learning Poisson Binomial Distributions in Almost Polynomial Time

We give an algorithm for properly learning Poisson binomial distributions. A Poisson binomial distribution (PBD) of order $n$ is the discrete probability distribution of the sum of $n$ mutually independent Bernoulli random variables. Given $\widetilde{O}(1/\epsilon^2)$ samples from an unknown PBD $\mathbf{p}$, our algorithm runs in time $(1/\epsilon)^{O(\log \log (1/\epsilon))}$, and outputs a hypothesis PBD that is $\epsilon$-close to $\mathbf{p}$ in total variation distance. The previously best known running time for properly learning PBDs was $(1/\epsilon)^{O(\log(1/\epsilon))}$. As one of our main contributions, we provide a novel structural characterization of PBDs. We prove that, for all $\epsilon >0,$ there exists an explicit collection $\cal{M}$ of $(1/\epsilon)^{O(\log \log (1/\epsilon))}$ vectors of multiplicities, such that for any PBD $\mathbf{p}$ there exists a PBD $\mathbf{q}$ with $O(\log(1/\epsilon))$ distinct parameters whose multiplicities are given by some element of ${\cal M}$, such that $\mathbf{q}$ is $\epsilon$-close to $\mathbf{p}$. Our proof combines tools from Fourier analysis and algebraic geometry. Our approach to the proper learning problem is as follows: Starting with an accurate non-proper hypothesis, we fit a PBD to this hypothesis. More specifically, we essentially start with the hypothesis computed by the computationally efficient non-proper learning algorithm in our recent work~\cite{DKS15}. Our aforementioned structural characterization allows us to reduce the corresponding fitting problem to a collection of $(1/\epsilon)^{O(\log \log(1/\epsilon))}$ systems of low-degree polynomial inequalities. We show that each such system can be solved in time $(1/\epsilon)^{O(\log \log(1/\epsilon))}$, which yields the overall running time of our algorithm.
Sine Systemate Chaos? A Versatile Tool for Earthworm Taxonomy: Non-Destructive Imaging of Freshly Fixed and Museum Specimens Using Micro-Computed Tomography

In spite of the high relevance of lumbricid earthworms (‘Oligochaeta’: Lumbricidae) for soil structure and functioning, the taxonomy of this group of terrestrial invertebrates remains in a quasi-chaotic state. Earthworm taxonomy traditionally relies on the interpretation of external and internal morphological characters, but the acquisition of these data is often hampered by tedious dissections or restricted access to valuable and rare museum specimens. The present state of affairs, in conjunction with the difficulty of establishing primary homologies for multiple morphological features, has led to an almost unrivaled instability in the taxonomy and systematics of certain earthworm groups, including Lumbricidae. As a potential remedy, we apply for the first time a non-destructive imaging technique to lumbricids and explore the future application of this approach to earthworm taxonomy. High-resolution micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanning of freshly fixed and museum specimens was carried out using two cosmopolitan species, Aporrectodea caliginosa and A. trapezoides. By combining two-dimensional and three-dimensional dataset visualization techniques, we demonstrate that the morphological features commonly used in earthworm taxonomy can now be analyzed without the need for dissection, whether freshly fixed or museum specimens collected more than 60 years ago are studied. Our analyses show that μCT in combination with soft tissue staining can be successfully applied to lumbricid earthworms. An extension of the approach to other families is poised to strengthen earthworm taxonomy by providing a versatile tool to resolve the taxonomic chaos currently present in this ecologically important, but taxonomically neglected group of terrestrial invertebrates.