Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Channel Aware Scheduling Algorithms for 3GPP LTE Downlink

Long Term Evolution (LTE), the standard specified by 3GPP on the way towards the fourth generation mobile networks, is intended to deliver high speed data and multimedia services to next generation mobile users. LTE is an all IP packet system in which guaranteeing QoS is a real challenge. The MAC scheduler is an important and crucial entity of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and is responsible for efficiently allocating the radio resources among mobile users who have different QoS demands. The scheduler takes different considerations into account such as throughput and fairness when deciding the allocation of the scarce radio resources. This paper makes an attempt to study and compare the performance of PF, MLWDF, EXP/PF and FLS scheduling algorithms. The evaluation is considered for a single cell with interference scenario for different flows such as Best effort, Video and VoIP in a pedestrian and vehicular environment using the LTE-Sim network simulator (1). The comparative study is conducted in terms of system throughput, fairness index, delay, packet loss ratio (PLR) and total cell spectral efficiency.
Developmental control via GATA factor interplay at chromatin domains

Despite the extraordinary task of packaging mammalian DNA within the constraints of a cell nucleus, individual genes assemble into cell type‐specific chromatin structures with high fidelity. This chromatin architecture is a crucial determinant of gene expression signatures that distinguish specific cell types. Whereas extensive progress has been made on defining biochemical and molecular mechanisms of chromatin modification and remodeling, many questions remain unanswered about how cell type‐specific chromatin domains assemble and are regulated. This mini‐review will discuss emerging studies on how interplay among members of the GATA family of transcription factors establishes and regulates chromatin domains. Dissecting mechanisms underlying the function of hematopoietic GATA factors has revealed fundamental insights into the control of blood cell development from hematopoietic stem cells and the etiology of pathological states in which hematopoiesis is perturbed. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pannexin1 Drives Multicellular Aggregate Compaction via a Signaling Cascade That Remodels the Actin Cytoskeleton*

Background: Panx1 is a novel gap junction protein with tumor-suppressive properties. Results: Panx1 channels release ATP to initiate a cascade that drives actomyosin-mediated assembly of multicellular aggregates. Conclusion: Expression of Panx1 can directly alter the biomechanical properties of three-dimensional tumor aggregates. Significance: Panx1 channels through P2X7 signaling help regulate three-dimensional biomechanics of tumor suppression. Pannexin 1 (Panx1) is a novel gap junction protein shown to have tumor-suppressive properties. To model its in vivo role in the intratumor biomechanical environment, we investigated whether Panx1 channels modulate the dynamic assembly of multicellular C6 glioma aggregates. Treatment with carbenoxolone and probenecid, which directly and specifically block Panx1 channels, respectively, showed that Panx1 is involved in accelerating aggregate assembly. Experiments further showed that exogenous ATP can reverse the inhibitive effects of carbenoxolone and that aggregate compaction is sensitive to the purinergic antagonist suramin. With a close examination of the F-actin microfilament network, these findings show that Panx1 channels act as conduits for ATP release that stimulate the P2X7 purinergic receptor pathway, in turn up-regulating actomyosin function. Using a unique three-dimensional scaffold-free method to quantify multicellular interactions, this study shows that Panx1 is intimately involved in regulating intercellular biomechanical interactions pivotal in the progression of cancer.
Identification of a novel macrophage population in the normal mouse corneal stroma.

PURPOSE To examine the normal murine corneal stroma for the presence of bone marrow-derived leukocytes. METHODS Wholemounts of paraformaldehyde-fixed corneal stroma from normal mice at 5 to 16 weeks of age were examined in single- and double-color immunomorphologic studies performed with confocal microscopy. The phenotype, morphology, distribution, and density of immunopositive cells were determined. RESULTS Numerous CD45(+) cells with pleomorphic and dendriform morphology were found within the pericentral and central region of the corneal stroma (200-300 cells/mm(2)). Dual-color immunostaining demonstrated that 100% of the CD45(+) cells coexpressed CD11b and 50% coexpressed F4/80. Approximately 30% of the total cells and 50% of the F4/80(+) cells coexpressed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens. Very small to negligible numbers of cells expressed markers of dendritic cells (CD11c) or granulocytes (Ly6G). Markers for T-cells and NK cells were absent from the corneal stroma, indicating that all the cells identified in the stroma were of the myeloid lineage. CONCLUSIONS The normal murine corneal stroma contains a significant number of CD45(+) leukocytes. Most these cells express the CD11b marker, but not other dendrite, granulocyte, T-cell, or NK markers, placing them in the monocyte/macrophage lineage.
“We Can't Eat a Road:” Asset-Based Community Development and The Gedam Sefer Community Partnership in Ethiopia

Asset-based community development strategy (ABCD) is a development that recognizes and builds upon the strengths and assets of individuals, associations, and institutions to address the felt needs of the local community. As the application of ABCD in an urban area of Africa, The Gedam Sefer Community Partnership (GSCP) was formed to improve the lives of poor families living in a slum neighborhood of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Five building blocks of ABCD from the literature are used to analyze and evaluate the 5-year formation and implementation of the GSCP. The article examines the process of engagement between community and university members, the difficulties encountered in attempting to implement ABCD through an international university–community partnership, and the formation of the community's own new association. To sustain hope and build community and organizational capacity, the practical and symbolic value of short-term development activities with immediately visible results are outlined. Findings are discussed in relation to engagement with the community; the use of communication to connect ideas, assets, and people; and ABCD from the inside out and bottom up.
The Communicative Turn in Urban Planning: Unravelling Paradigmatic, Imperialistic and Moralistic Dimensions

The emerging paradigm of communicative or collaborative planning has dominated theoretical discourse since the early 1980s. Rather than one coherent position, there are a variety of schools that vary in their emphasis on different aspects of social and critical theory and their mixture of analyses and prescription. Critiques of communicative planning have been scarce and have challenged or questioned specific aspects rather than critiquing the paradigm as a whole. We identify six broad themes in the paper from a variety of sources and explore their relationship to communicative planning theory. These critiques do not, in our opinion, threaten to undermine communicative planning but present questions that need to be addressed. In undertaking a dialectical engagement with such critiques, communicative planning theory will be strengthened and made more attractive to practitioners--an audience that so far has been less than willing to take up such ideas.
Modeling Visual Saliency in Images and Videos

Visual saliency, which distinguishes “interesting” visual content from others, plays an important role in multimedia and computer vision applications. This chapter starts with a brief overview of visual saliency as well as the literature of some popular models to detect salient regions. We describe two methods to model visual saliency – one in images and the other in videos. Specifically, we introduce a graph-based method to model salient region in images in a bottom-up manner. For videos, we introduce a factorization based method to model attention object in motion, which utilizes the top-down knowledge of cameraman for model saliency. Finally, future directions for visual saliency modeling and additional reading materials are high-lighted to familiarize readers with the research on visual saliency modeling for multimedia applications
Stiffness modeling of industrial robots for deformation compensation in machining

In robotic machining applications, the precision of the robot is of great importance. In heavy machining process, the lower stiffness of industrial robots results in greater position errors than that of the CNC machine executing the same process. In this contribution, a new stiffness model with 36 degrees of freedom and nonlinear descriptions are presented together with a new identification method. Experimental results outline the potential of the model in machining application.
Obesity-Associated Changes in Insulin Secretion : A Risk Factor for Diabetes Mellitus in Dogs and Cats ?

Obesity and diabetes mellitus are common diseases in humans, dogs and cats and their prevalence is increasing. Obesity has been clearly identified as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes in humans and cats but recent data are missing in dogs, although there is evidence that the unprecedented rise in canine obesity in the last decade has led to a rise in canine diabetes of similar magnitude. The insulin resistance of obesity has often been portrayed as major culprit in the loss of glucose control; however, insulin resistance alone is not a good indicator of progression to diabetes in people or pets. A loss of beta cell function is necessary to provide the link to impaired fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose. Increased endogenous glucose output by the liver is also a prerequisite for the increase in fasting blood glucose when non-diabetic obese humans and pets develop diabetes. This may be due to decreased hepatic insulin sensitivity, decreased insulin concentrations, or a combination of both. While inflammation is a major link between obesity and diabetes in humans, there is little evidence that a similar phenomenon exists in cats. In dogs, more studies are needed to examine this important issue.
Initial Experiments on Laser-Based Electron Acceleration at RRCAT, Indore

Initial experiments on electron acceleration in self- modulated laser wake-field acceleration regime have been carried out at the Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore, India, using a 6-TW 45-fs Ti:sapphire laser. The laser beam was focused to an intensity >1018 W/cm2 on a supersonic helium gas jet. Total charge and spatial profile of the electron beam produced were measured using an integrating current transformer and a phosphor screen, respectively. For a plasma density of 5 times 1019-1020 cm-3, electron beam was produced with a high charge of 2.5-2.7 nC/shot and a divergence of ~10-~100 mrad.
The Effect of Information Seeking Behavior on an Online Purchase Intention

This paper reports a research in progress to study the effect of information seeking behavior on an online purchase intention. There are several strategies people use to find information in the Internet, whether information of interest is known or unknown. Furthermore, before conducting a search, people may have plans on how they will gather information or simply browsing the Web without having any plan at all. During an information seeking period, people may perceived more information than they first intended to have. These perceived information might, in turn, influence their willingness to buy things online. Perceived information considered on this study are secure payment system, product quality, after-sales support, and company trustworthiness. It combines Theory of Planned Behavior and Technology Acceptance Model. Survey will be conducted to test the hypotheses stated on this study.
Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein Loads as a Separate Factor onto DNA Lesions

ABSTRACT Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the main DNA repair pathway in mammals for removal of UV-induced lesions. NER involves the concerted action of more than 25 polypeptides in a coordinated fashion. The xeroderma pigmentosum group A protein (XPA) has been suggested to function as a central organizer and damage verifier in NER. How XPA reaches DNA lesions and how the protein is distributed in time and space in living cells are unknown. Here we studied XPA in vivo by using a cell line stably expressing physiological levels of functional XPA fused to green fluorescent protein and by applying quantitative fluorescence microscopy. The majority of XPA moves rapidly through the nucleoplasm with a diffusion rate different from those of other NER factors tested, arguing against a preassembled XPA-containing NER complex. DNA damage induced a transient (∼5-min) immobilization of maximally 30% of XPA. Immobilization depends on XPC, indicating that XPA is not the initial lesion recognition protein in vivo. Moreover, loading of replication protein A on NER lesions was not dependent on XPA. Thus, XPA participates in NER by incorporation of free diffusing molecules in XPC-dependent NER-DNA complexes. This study supports a model for a rapid consecutive assembly of free NER factors, and a relatively slow simultaneous disassembly, after repair.
Nano-vectors for effi cient liver specifi c gene transfer

Recent progress in nanotechnology has triggered the site specifi c drug/gene delivery research and gained wide acknowledgment in contemporary DNA therapeutics. Amongst various organs, liver plays a crucial role in various body functions and in addition, the site is a primary location of metastatic tumor growth. In past few years, a plethora of nano-vectors have been developed and investigated to target liver associated cells through receptor mediated endocytosis. This emerging paradigm in cellular drug/gene delivery provides promising approach to eradicate genetic as well as acquired diseases affecting the liver. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of potential of various delivery systems, viz., lipoplexes, liposomes, polyplexes, nanoparticles and so forth to selectively relocate foreign therapeutic DNA into liver specifi c cell type via the receptor mediated endocytosis. Various receptors like asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGP-R) provide unique opportunity to target liver parenchymal cells. The results obtained so far reveal tremendous promise and offer enormous options to develop novel DNA- based pharmaceuticals for liver disorders in near future.
Heritable Influence of DBH on Adrenergic and Renal Function: Twin and Disease Studies

Background Elevated sympathetic activity is associated with kidney dysfunction. Here we used twin pairs to probe heritability of GFR and its genetic covariance with other traits. Methods We evaluated renal and adrenergic phenotypes in twins. GFR was estimated by CKD-EPI algorithm. Heritability and genetic covariance of eGFR and associated risk traits were estimated by variance-components. Meta-analysis probed reproducibility of DBH genetic effects. Effect of DBH genetic variation on renal disease was tested in the NIDDK-AASK cohort. Results Norepinephrine secretion rose across eGFR tertiles while eGFR fell (p<0.0001). eGFR was heritable, at h2 = 67.3±4.7% (p = 3.0E-18), as were secretion of norepinephrine (h2 = 66.5±5.0%, p = 3.2E-16) and dopamine (h2 = 56.5±5.6%, p = 1.8E-13), and eGFR displayed genetic co-determination (covariance) with norepinephrine (ρG = −0.557±0.088, p = 1.11E-08) as well as dopamine (ρG = −0.223±0.101, p = 2.3E-02). Since dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) catalyzes conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, we studied functional variation at DBH; DBH promoter haplotypes predicted transcriptional activity (p<0.001), plasma DBH (p<0.0001) and norepinephrine (p = 0.0297) secretion; transcriptional activity was inversely (p<0.0001) associated with basal eGFR. Meta-analysis validated DBH haplotype effects on eGFR across 3 samples. In NIDDK-AASK, we established a role for DBH promoter variation in long-term renal decline rate (GFR slope, p = 0.003). Conclusions The heritable GFR trait shares genetic determination with catecholamines, suggesting new pathophysiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards disorders of GFR as well as CKD. Adrenergic activity may play a role in progressive renal decline, and genetic variation at DBH may assist in profiling subjects for rational preventive treatment.
Emotional Health and Weight Gain: A Prospective Study of Midlife Women

Purpose. Investigate the extent to which risk of weight gain is affected by emotional health. Also, determine the influence of age, baseline weight, physical activity (PA), energy intake, and changes in PA and energy intake on the relationship between emotional health and weight gain. Design. Prospective cohort. Setting. Two metropolitan areas in the Mountain West. Subjects. Total of 256 middle-aged, apparently healthy women. Measures. Emotional health was assessed using the General Well-Being Schedule. PA was measured using Actigraph accelerometers. Energy intake was measured using 7-day weighed food records. All assessments were taken at baseline and again at the follow-up approximately 2 years later. Analysis. Relative risk (RR) was calculated using incidence data. Results. With no variables controlled, women with less than positive (LTP) emotional health had 59% greater risk of weight gain (≥ 2 kg) than women with positive emotional health (RR, 1.59; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.04–2.44). After adjustments for each potential confounder individually, risk of weight gain did not change significantly. However, adjusting for all of the potential confounders simultaneously weakened the risk of weight gain (RR, 1.43; 95% CI, .93–2.21). Risk of weight gain (≥ 2 kg) was no greater in depressed women compared with their counterparts. Conclusion. Middle-aged women with LTP emotional health are at significantly increased risk of weight gain over time compared with women with positive emotional health.
Comparison of I-123 and I-131 for Whole-Body Imaging After Stimulation by Recombinant Human Thyrotropin: A Preliminary Report

Purpose Many studies have established I-123 whole-body scanning (WBS) as an alternative to I-131 WBS in the evaluation of differentiated thyroid cancer. Similarly, recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) has been shown to be an effective alternative to thyroid hormone withdrawal in the stimulation of TSH levels for WBS. The purpose of the current investigation was to compare the ability of rhTSH-stimulated I-123 WBS to that of rhTSH-stimulated I-131 WBS in the evaluation of thyroid cancer. Methods The reports of 101 consecutive I-123 WBS and 101 consecutive I-131 WBS were analyzed. All patients had undergone near-total thyroidectomy, were considered to have a low risk for recurrence, and had rhTSH-stimulated serum thyroglobulin levels measured at the time of imaging. Findings of an examination were considered positive if either residual thyroid tissue was detected on imaging or the serum thyroglobulin level was greater than 2 ng/dl. Results The results of rhTSH-stimulated I-123 scans and thyroglobulin levels were concordant in 91 (90%) cases, whereas the results of rhTSH-stimulated I-131 scans and thyroglobulin levels were concordant in 85 (84%) cases. I-123 WBS detected 9 foci of disease in 6 patients, whereas I-131 WBS detected 10 foci of disease in 9 patients. Conclusion The results of this preliminary investigation are promising regarding the utility of rhTSH-stimulated I-123 WBS as an alternate approach to rhTSH-stimulated I-131 WBS in patients at low risk for recurrence.
Lobbying from Inside the System

Why do cities spend scarce resources lobbying the federal government? The hierarchy of U.S. government provides various pathways for local representation. Nevertheless, cities regularly invest in paid representation. This presents a puzzle for American democracy. Why do cities lobby, and do they lobby strategically? We quantify for the first time the extent of this phenomenon and examine its determinants using new data on 498 cities across forty-five states from 1998 to 2008. We find that economic distress pushes cities to lobby, but does not impact expenditures. Cities in competitive congressional districts, and therefore crucial to national politics, spend more on lobbying.
Relighting of Dynamic Video

We present a novel method to relight video sequences for multimedia applications given known surface shape and original illumination. The method preserves fine visual details. It requires single view video frames, approximate 3D shape and known illumination only, making it applicable for multimedia and studio production. The technique is demonstrated for relighting video sequences of faces.
Cocreated Idealization in the Winnicott/Khan Analysis: Commentary on Paper by Joyce Slochower

Joyce Slochower's paper applies relational thinking in a new conceptualization of idealization and denigration, which she sees as cocreated. Building on a thorough review of the analytic literature on the clinical experience of idealization, she suggests that idealization, helpful at first, often leads to therapeutic failure. She utilizes historical material about Donald Winnicott and his analyses of Masud Khan and Harry Guntrip to open a space for discussion of a previously unexplored topic, the idealization of the patient by the analyst. Slochower suggests that Winnicott's personal vulnerability to experiences of idealization contributed to failure in his analysis of Khan and to less severe problems in the Guntrip analysis. I focus on the Khan analysis and suggest that the problem was not the idealization, which may have been inevitable, but Winnicott's apparent failure to understand and make use of it. I also suggest that, with the very same understanding, the analytic community in general would benefit from thinking about the community's idealization of Winnicott.
MPACT OF V ARIABLE T RANSMISSION R ANGE ON MANET P ERFORMANCE

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is generally established in areas where infrastructural facilities such as base station, routers etc. do not exist or have been destroyed due to natural calamity. Due to their infrastructure-less nature they have several constrains such as bandwidth, computational capacity and battery power of each node. Power conservation is crucial to proper operations of MANET. Various researchers have provided several mechanisms to reduce the power consumption. One such mechanism is to take variable transmission range of nodes into account. This paper studies the impact of the same by designing a simulator in MATLAB. We observe a marked impact of variable transmission range on power saving.