Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Noncoherent Multiuser Space-Time Communications: Optimum Receivers and Signal Design

The jointly optimum noncoherent receiver is obtained for multiuser communications in a frequency non-selective Rayleigh fading channel with transmit antennas per user and receive antennas. Based on a general analysis of quadratic receivers in zero-mean com- plex Gaussian vectors, we derive asymptotically (for high SNR) tight expressions for the pair-wise error probabilities for some cases of interest. This analysis yields the impor- tant result that the number of dimensions needed for each of the users to achieve full diversity order is , which is independent of the size of the users' codebooks. Our asymptotic analysis also yields a perfor- mance criterion to design noncoherent multiuser signals for space-time channels. We give an example of such a de- sign. Gains in spectral efficiency are more difficult to real- ize for noncoherent (as compared to coherent) channels. I. INTRODUCTION In a companion paper (1), we obtained and analyzed co- herent multiuser space-time receivers for linear and nonlinear modulation and developed code-design criteria for the design of CDMA signature sequences and multiuser block codes over the complex field. In that work, it was assumed that the fad- ing channels for all the user-antenna pairs are independent and perfectly known at the base station receiver. These assump- tions are reasonable for rich scattering environments and sta- tionary or slow moving communicators where relatively short and infrequent pilot transmissions suffice for channel estima- tion algorithms to track the slow variations in the channel ac- curately.
Effect of 450 Mg.kg BW Branched-Chain Amino Acid

The purpose of this research was the effects of 450 mg. kg BW of Branched-Chain Amino Acid 1 (BCAA) Supplementation on muscle serum damage indices. 40 young wrestlers were randomly selected and divided into same two groups. All subjects were participated in resistance exercise (4 sets, 10 repetitions, 80% 1RM). The BCAA was given at doses of 450 mg. kg BW for BCAA group, 30 minutes before and after to 1 exercise test and dextrin was given at dose of 210 mg. kg BW for placebo group. To identify enzymes activity 1 (IU/L), venous blood samples were obtained 30 min prior to exercise and at 24 and 48 hrs post exercise. Data were statistically analyzed using independent and paired T test ( 0.05). Based on this study results, CK, LDH, CK activity were significantly increased (p<0.05 (in each two groups. CK, LDH, CK indices having the MB MB highest activity in the placebo group, but there were no significant differences between groups. provide evidence that the use of 450 mg. kg BW BCAA supplement could not decrease muscle damage associated 1 with resistance exercise.
Spatial Information for Sustainable Resource Management

This paper promotes the involvement of spatial information as an important contribution to decision making as an integrated process within a multidisciplinary network. Geoinformation (GI) is not any more a single tool of a small community of Surveyors and Geographers focusing on Spatial Information Management. GI has crossed the gap between individuals and enterprises, but there are still some shortcomings in using spatial information.
Pharmacophore Design , Homology and Docking Studies on 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors

Inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis has been extensively studied as a potential for the development of novel therapies for inflammation, respiratory diseases and, in particular, for asthma. We have designed specific functional inhibitors against 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) using several virtual screening techniques like homology modeling, MD simulations, docking and pharmacophore studies. The best 5LOX inhibitor model consists of 1) two hydrogen bond acceptors and 2) two hydrophobic groups. The Hypo-1 model was used to screen an in-house database of ~1 M molecules and have resulted in 3000 compounds. A homology model of 5-LOX was constructed using the X-ray crystal structure of soyabean lipoxygenase-3 as template. The modeled structure was further refined upto 1 nanosecond using molecular dynamics simulations. Molecular docking studies were performed, subsequently, on the cluster representatives of 220 hits from 3000 compounds. We have suggested 6 novel inhibitors of 5LOX as potential leads based on their physicochemical properties and their predicted activities. Keywords-5-Lipoxygenase; Pharmacophore; Autodock; Molecular dynamics; Docking
Using models of lexical style to quantify free indirect discourse in modernist fiction

Modernist authors such as Virginia Woolf and James Joyce greatly expanded the use of ‘free indirect discourse’, a form of third-person narration that is strongly influenced by the language of a viewpoint character. Unlike traditional approaches to analyzing characterization using common words, such as those based on Burrows (1987), the nature of free indirect discourse and the sparseness of our data require that we understand the stylistic connotations of rarer words and expressions which cannot be gleaned directly from our target texts. To this end, we apply methods introduced in our recent work to derive information with regards to six stylistic aspects from a large corpus of texts from Project Gutenberg. We thus build high-coverage, finely grained lexicons that include common multiword collocations. Using this information along with student annotations of two modernist texts, Woolf’s To The Lighthouse and Joyce’s The Dead , we confirm that free indirect discourse does, at a stylistic level, reflect a mixture of narration and direct speech, and we investigate the extent to which social attributes of the various characters (in particular age, class, and gender) are reflected in their lexical stylistic profile.
Survival of fecal microorganisms in marine and freshwater sediments

The survival of culturable fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, and Clostridium perfringens spores in freshwater and marine sediments from sites near sewage outfalls was studied. In laboratory studies, the inhibition of protozoan predators with cycloheximide allowed the fecal coliforms to grow in the sediment whereas the presence of predators resulted in a net die-off. C. perfringens spores did not appear either to be affected by predators or to die off throughout the duration of the experiments (28 days). Studies using in situ membrane diffusion chambers showed that, with the exception of C. perfringens, die-off of the test organisms to 10% of their initial numbers occurred in both marine and freshwater sediments within 85 days. The usual exponential decay model could not be applied to the sediment survival data, with the exception of the data for fecal streptococci. It was concluded that application of the usual decay model to the fecal coliform data was confounded by the complex relationship between growth and predation. The survival of seeded Escherichia coli in marine sediment was studied by using an enumeration method which detected viable but nonculturable bacteria. Throughout the duration of the experiment (68 days), the same proportion of E. coli organisms remained culturable, suggesting that sediment provides a favorable, nonstarvation environment for the bacteria.
Compact and Accurate Models of Large Single-Wall Carbon-Nanotube Interconnects

Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been proposed for very large scale integration interconnect applications and their modeling is carried out using the multiconductor transmission line (MTL) formulation. Their time-domain analysis has some simulation issues related to the high number of SWCNTs within each bundle, which results in a highly complex model and loss of accuracy in the case of long interconnects. In recent years, several techniques have been proposed to reduce the complexity of the model whose accuracy decreases as the interconnection length increases. This paper presents a rigorous new technique to generate accurate reduced-order models of large SWCNT interconnects. The frequency response of the MTL is computed by using the spectral form of the dyadic Green's function of the 1-D propagation problem and the model complexity is reduced using rational-model identification techniques. The proposed approach is validated by numerical results involving hundreds of SWCNTs, which confirm its capability of reducing the complexity of the model, while preserving accuracy over a wide frequency range.
Design and fabrication of a shape memory alloy actuated exoskeletal microarm

This paper reports the design and fabrication process and control system of an exoskeletal microarm. The research of the microarm is part of a new concept of endoscopes designed for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) operation. This novel ESD endoscope has two suction grippers to hold the lesion skin, and a cautery knife to cut. The grippers and cautery knife are actuated by shape memory alloy (SMA). SMA is known for its high work output unit volume and its high power/mass ratio. Plus, its exoskeletal link mechanism enables to calculate the position of its end tip, necessary for the control of the grippers and the knife. The microarm is composed of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using soft lithography technique. The microarm is coated with hardening epoxy polymer, leaving only the joint part of the microarm uncoated. The microarm's bending angle is controlled by PID control system where SMA's electrical resistance change is used as a feedback parameter. The fabricated exoskeletal microarm successfully bent in a joint, and its angle was able to control under the PID control system.
Efficient RSS-based collaborative localisation in wireless sensor networks

This paper presents a new collaborative location estimation method for wireless sensor networks WSN, referred to as an iterative tree search algorithm I-TSA. The proposed method is based on the grid search least square estimator LSE, which provides efficient estimation in the presence of noisy received signal strength RSS range measurements. The complexity analysis of the I-TSA algorithm showed that the computational requirement by each unknown-location sensor node scales linearly with the number of its neighbouring nodes, and that only a small communication overhead is required until its location estimate converges. This, in contrast to centralised methods, such as maximum likelihood estimator MLE and multidimensional scaling MDS, provides a feasible solution for distributed computation in large scale WSN. Furthermore, the performance of I-TSA, is evaluated with reference to the Cramer-Rao bound CRB and compared with MLE, MDS and MDS-MLE methods. The results showed that I-TSA achieves lower standard deviations and biases for various simulation scenarios.
Far from action-blind: Representation of others' actions in individuals with Autism

It has been suggested that theory of mind may rely on several precursors including gaze processing, joint attention, the ability to distinguish between actions of oneself and others, and the ability to represent goal-directed actions. Some of these processes have been shown to be impaired in individuals with autism, who experience difficulties in theory of mind. However, little is known about action representation in autism. Using two variants of a spatial compatibility reaction time (RT) task, we addressed the question of whether high-functioning individuals with autism have difficulties in controlling their own actions and in representing those of others. Participants with autism showed automatic response activation and had no difficulties with response inhibition. When two action alternatives were distributed among pairs of participants, participants with autism represented a co-actor's task, showing the same pattern of results as the matched control group. We discuss the possibility that in high-functioning individuals with autism, the system matching observed actions onto representations of one's own actions is intact, whereas difficulties in higher-level processing of social information persist.
Isolation of the Genome Sequence Strain Mycobacterium avium 104 from Multiple Patients over a 17-Year Period

ABSTRACT The genome sequence strain 104 of the opportunistic pathogen Mycobacterium avium was isolated from an adult AIDS patient in Southern California in 1983. Isolates of non-paratuberculosis M. avium from 207 other patients in Southern California and elsewhere were examined for genotypic identity to strain 104. This process was facilitated by the use of a novel two-step approach. In the first step, all 208 strains in the sample were subjected to a high-throughput, large sequence polymorphism (LSP)-based genotyping test, in which DNA from each strain was tested by PCR for the presence or absence of 4 hypervariable genomic regions. Nineteen isolates exhibited an LSP type that resembled that of strain 104. This subset of 19 isolates was then subjected to high-resolution repetitive sequence-based PCR typing, which identified 10 isolates within the subset that were genotypically identical to strain 104. These isolates came from 10 different patients at 5 clinical sites in the western United States, and they were isolated over a 17-year time span. Therefore, the sequenced genome of M. avium strain 104 has been associated with disease in multiple patients in the western United States. Although M. avium is known for its genetic plasticity, these observations also show that strains of the pathogen can be genotypically stable over extended time periods.
A New Family Satisfying the Intersection Graph Conjecture

A chord diagram is a degree three graph with a designated outer circle. It looks like a circle with lines going across it. The intersection graph of a chord diagram is a graph that shows how the lines inside the circle cross each other. Many chord diagrams can share an intersection graph. The intersection graph conjecture asks, “If two chord diagrams share an intersection graph are they equal for a sense of equality of chord diagrams? ” I found a new family of intersection graphs for which the answer to this question is “yes. ” I have included some artwork that I produced while discovering this result.
Fall Risk in Older Adults Transitioning between Different Flooring Materials

As there is lack of understanding about the effect of transitioning between different flooring materials on the gait of older adults, this study investigated the effect of transitioning between a carpeted floor and a vinyl floor on the gait characteristics of older adults. Fourteen older (65 years old and over) and 14 younger (18 to 35 years old) adults walked on different transitional floors by measuring various gait parameters. While the older participants had greater toe clearance than their younger counterparts, the older participants had smaller toe clearance on a carpeted floor than on a vinyl floor, which would increase the probability of a trip-induced fall. Further, the study found the slower transitional acceleration of the whole body COM and the increased friction demand, especially during the toe-off phase, rather than heel contact phase, which will lead to a slip-induced fall on a vinyl floor shortly after transitioning from a carpeted floor to a vinyl floor. Although the increased likelihood of a slip or trip accident was found throughout the changes in gait parameters, the older participants did not perceive of slipping and tripping much. Therefore, older adults are recommended to be made aware of the danger of slipping and tripping while transitioning between different flooring materials.
Unison Source Separation

In this work we present a new scenario of analyzing and separating linear mixtures of musical instrument signals. When instruments are playing in unison, traditional source separation methods are not performing well. Although the sources share the same pitch, they often still differ in their modulation frequency caused by vibrato and/or tremolo effects. In this paper we propose source separation schemes that exploit AM/FM characteristics to improve the separation quality of such mixtures. We show a method to process mixtures based on differences in their amplitude modulation frequency of the sources by using non-negative tensor factorization. Further, we propose an informed warped time domain approach for separating mixtures based on variations in the instantaneous frequencies of the sources.
Clinical efficacy of mammographic screening in the elderly.

PURPOSE To compare mammographic screening results for women aged 65 years and older (elderly group) with those for women aged 50-64 years (younger group). MATERIALS AND METHODS Mammography was performed in 32,140 women aged 50 years and older (10,914 elderly, 21,226 younger). Parameters studied included demographic data, screening interpretations, disposition of abnormal interpretations, results of biopsies, and characteristics of breast cancers. RESULTS The cancer detection rate is substantially higher in elderly women (9.2 per 1,000 women) than in younger women (5.7 per 1,000 women). The median size of cancers in elderly women is 11 mm (vs 12 mm in younger women). Axillary nodal status is 93% node negative in elderly women (vs 88% node negative in younger women). Cancer stage is earlier in elderly women than it is in younger women (84% stage 0 or 1 vs 75% stage 0 or 1). CONCLUSION Mammographic screening is at least as effective in detecting cancers for which there is a favorable prognosis in women aged 65 years and older as it is in women aged 50-64 years. Because the efficacy of screening in younger-group women has already been proved, it may be inferred that screening also benefits elderly-group women.
Academic Performance and Nutritional Status - A Case Study on College Students in North Tripura.

The development of any nation or community depends largely on the quality of education of such a nation. Understanding the nature of the causal relationship between health and education is important to determine the exact relation between them. The mechanism by which health and nutrition influence educational achievement is not well established, but poor health and malnutrition in early childhood may affect cognitive abilities, necessary for learning process and consequently educational achievement. This study shows that that, firstly, the tribal students have lower BMI values than their nontribal counterparts which may be due to dietary differences - tribal students have less access to convenience foods and as such may have less consumption of these type of empty calorie containing foods. Also the academic achievements of tribal students are a little lower than their nontribal counterparts which again comes out in the regression and negative correlation of BMI with academic achievement.
Preliminary results of a new expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent-graft for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedures.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of our study was to evaluate the feasibility and the safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) with a new expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent and the influence of the covering on occlusion rate. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Twenty cirrhotic patients (57 +/- 11 years old) admitted with a history of esophageal variceal bleeding (n = 11), refractory ascites (n = 5), or both (n = 4) were included. Five of the patients were treated for TIPS revision, and 15 as de novo TIPS placements. The endoprostheses used were composed of a 2-cm noncovered nitinol stent and a 4- to 8-cm expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene graft covering, and were placed from the portal vein to the ostium of the hepatic vein. Patients underwent Doppler sonography at discharge and again at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months and underwent venography with portosystemic pressure gradient measurement at 6 months and whenever necessary. RESULTS At the time of this writing, complications included three TIPS restenoses and one recurrent ascites successfully treated by balloon dilation, two cases of segmentary liver ischemia, and one patient with encephalopathy that required shunt reduction. After TIPS placement, the portosystemic pressure gradient dropped from 18 +/- 5 to 5 +/- 4 mm Hg. Primary and secondary patency rates were 80% and 100%, respectively, at 387 days. CONCLUSION These results clearly show the feasibility of TIPS placement with the Gore TIPS endoprosthesis stent-graft and its improved patency compared with results in the literature for bare stents. These preliminary results must be certified further with randomized comparative trials between covered and noncovered TIPS stents.
Perceptual system using spiking neural network for an intelligent robot

This paper discusses a integrated perceptual system for intelligent control of a service robot. The robot should be able to perceive the environment flexibly to realize intelligent behavior. We focus on the perceptual system based on the perceiving-acting cycle discussed in ecological psychology. We propose a perceptual system composed of the retinal model and the spiking-neural network to realize concept of the perceiving-acting cycle. The proposed method is applied to the robot arm equipped with a 3D-range camera. This proposed method features the robot detects the invariant information of a dish, for example the contrast of a distance Information or a luminance information. As experiments, we discuss about the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing different input.
Disseminated Breast Cancer Cells Acquire a Highly Malignant and Aggressive Metastatic Phenotype during Metastatic Latency in the Bone

Background Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow may exist in a dormant state for extended periods of time, maintaining the ability to proliferate upon activation, engraft at new sites, and form detectable metastases. However, understanding of the behavior and biology of dormant breast cancer cells in the bone marrow niche remains limited, as well as their potential involvement in tumor recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the tumorigenicity and metastatic potential of dormant disseminated breast cancer cells (prior to activation) in the bone marrow. Methodology/Principal Findings Total bone marrow, isolated from mice previously injected with tumorspheres into the mammary fat pad, was injected into the mammary fat pad of NUDE mice. As a negative control, bone marrow isolated from non-injected mice was injected into the mammary fat pad of NUDE mice. The resultant tumors were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers. Mouse lungs, livers, and kidneys were analyzed by H+E staining to detect metastases. The injection of bone marrow isolated from mice previously injected with tumorspheres into the mammary fat pad, resulted in large tumor formation in the mammary fat pad 2 months post-injection. However, the injection of bone marrow isolated from non-injected mice did not result in tumor formation in the mammary fat pad. The DTC-derived tumors exhibited accelerated development of metastatic lesions within the lung, liver and kidney. The resultant tumors and the majority of metastatic lesions within the lung and liver exhibited a mesenchymal-like phenotype. Conclusions/Significance Dormant DTCs within the bone marrow are highly malignant upon injection into the mammary fat pad, with the accelerated development of metastatic lesions within the lung, liver and kidney. These results suggest the acquisition of a more aggressive phenotype of DTCs during metastatic latency within the bone marrow microenvironment.