Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Running title : Metastasis signature Methylation Signature of Lymph Node Metastases in Breast Cancer Patients

3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s Ho pital, University of Basel, Switzerland. 4 Department of Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Bio therapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Cheng du, China; 5 Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichu an University, Chengdu, China. 6 Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, New York Un iversity School of Medicine / Institute Universitai re de Médecine Sociale et Preventive, CHUV, Lausanne 7 Department of Oncology, Umeå University Hospital S -90185 Umeå
Heterozygous disruption of Flk-1 receptor leads to myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury in mice: application of affymetrix gene chip analysis

This study addresses an important clinical issue by identifying potential candidates of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signalling through the Flk‐1 receptor that trigger cardioprotective signals under ischaemic stress. Isolated working mouse hearts of both wild‐type (WT) and Flk‐1+/− were subjected to global ischaemia (I) for 30 min. followed by 2 hrs of reperfusion (R). Flk‐1+/− myocardium displayed almost 50% reduction in Flk‐1 mRNA as examined by quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR at the baseline level. Flk‐1+/− mouse hearts displayed reduction in left ventricular functional recovery throughout reperfusion (dp/dt 605 versus 884), after 2 hrs (P < 0.05). Coronary (1.9 versus 2.4 ml) and aortic flow (AF) (0.16 versus 1.2 ml) were reduced in Flk‐1+/− after 2 hrs of reperfusion. In addition, increased infarct size (38.4%versus 28.41%, P < 0.05) and apoptotic cardiomyocytes (495 versus 213) were observed in Flk‐1+/− knockout (KO) mice. We also examined whether ischaemic preconditioning (PC), a novel method to induce cardioprotection against ischaemia reperfusion injury, through stimulating the VEGF signalling pathway might function in Flk‐1+/− mice. We found that knocking down Flk‐1 resulted in significant reduction in the cardioprotective effect by PC compared to WT. Affymetrix gene chip analysis demonstrated down‐regulation of important genes after IR and preconditioning followed by ischaemia reperfusion in Flk‐1+/− mice compared to WT. To get insight into the underlying molecular pathways involved in ischaemic PC, we determined the distinct and overlapping biological processes using Ingenuity pathway analysis tool. Independent evidence at the mRNA level supporting the Affymetrix results were validated using real‐time RT‐PCR for selected down‐regulated genes, which are thought to play important roles in cardioprotection after ischaemic insult. In summary, our data indicated for the first time that ischaemic PC modifies genomic responses in heterozygous VEGFR‐2/Flk‐1 KO mice and abolishes its cardioprotective effect on ischaemic myocardium.
Síndrome de desgaste emocional en investigadores mexicanos

The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of burnout on researchers of Yucatan, Mexico, also to describe their view prevailing of institutional conditions. A questionnaire was administered to 109 researchers to measured the 3 dimensions of the Burnout. The questionnaire contain a section of open questions for evaluate his perception about the institutional conditions and its labor situation. Results indicated a relative absence of this syndrome, although some risks were identified among workers that have between 10 and 20 years in their institution. Qualitative information collected, suggested that some factors related to stress in these researchers was the multiple roles demanded, the lack of consolidated groups to work with, the lack of administrative infrastructure and the systems of continuous evaluation they must undergo.
WebQuilt and Mobile Devices: A Web Usability Testing Analysis Tool for the Mobile Internet

Given the difficult design challenge posed by mobile devices, the WebQuilt and Mobile Devices project involved extending WebQuilt [8], a Web site testing and analysis tool, to work with PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) and Internet phones. This included background research regarding the principles of Human Computer Interaction and usability testing, understanding WebQuilt, and researching mobile technologies, mobile Web site design, and how to best serve mobile designers with WebQuilt. The necessary changes were implemented to allow for PDA proxying and visualization and similar changes were started for Internet phones. The project involved designing and building the framework for deploying the tests to mobile users, and running usability tests to gauge the effectiveness of WebQuilt for mobile devices. The tests showed that WebQuilt has potential for helping mobile Web site designers find usability problems.
On the Use of Comparable Corpora to Improve SMT performance

We present a simple and effective method for extracting parallel sentences from comparable corpora. We employ a statistical machine translation (SMT) system built from small amounts of parallel texts to translate the source side of the non-parallel corpus. The target side texts are used, along with other corpora, in the language model of this SMT system. We then use information retrieval techniques and simple filters to create French/English parallel data from a comparable news corpora. We evaluate the quality of the extracted data by showing that it significantly improves the performance of an SMT systems.
Waarom doet opleiding ertoe? Een verklaring voor het effect van het hoogst bereikte opleidingsniveau op de arbeidsmarktpositie van schoolverlaters

In dit artikel onderzoeken we enkele mechanismen waarmee schoolverlaters in Nederland worden toegewezen aan een positie op de arbeidsmarkt. Ons voornaamste doel is om vast te stellen in hoeverre het effect van het hoogst bereikte opleidingsniveau op de arbeidsmarktpositie van schoolverlaters kan worden toegeschreven aan ouderlijke hulpbronnen, cognitief vermogen en motivatie zoals aanwezig aan het begin van de loopbaan in het voortgezet onderwijs en in hoeverre aan verworven vaardigheden die sindsdien zijn opgedaan in het onderwijs. Gegevens van het Voortgezet Onderwijs Cohort Leerlingen 1989 (VOCL'89) zijn gebruikt voor de empirische analyse. De resultaten laten zien dat de arbeidsmarktpositie van schoolverlaters grotendeels wordt bepaald door het hoogst bereikte opleidingsniveau. Een deel van dit opleidingseffect kan worden verklaard door verschillen in ouderlijke hulpbronnen, cognitief vermogen en motivatie tussen schoolverlaters. Het restant schrijven we toe aan verschillen in opgedane vaardigheden in het onderwijs. Verschillende indicatoren voor ouderlijke hulpbronnen, cognitief vermogen en motivatie spelen ook een directe rol bij het succes van schoolverlaters op de arbeidsmarkt.
Digital Image Sharing by Diverse Image Media

Conventional visual secret sharing (VSS) schemes hide secret images in shares that are either printed on transparencies or are encoded and stored in a digital form. The shares can appear as noise-like pixels or as meaningful images; but it will arouse suspicion and increase interception risk during transmission of the shares. Hence, VSS schemes suffer from a transmission risk problem for the secret itself and for the participants who are involved in the VSS scheme. To address this problem, we proposed a natural-image-based VSS scheme (NVSS scheme) that shares secret images via various carrier media to protect the secret and the participants during the transmission phase. The proposed (n,n)- NVSS scheme can share one digital secret image over n-1 arbitrary selected natural images (called natural shares) and one noise-like share. The natural shares can be photos or hand-painted pictures in digital form or in printed form. The noise-like share is generated based on these natural shares and the secret image. The unaltered natural shares are diverse and innocuous, thus greatly reducing the transmission risk problem. We also propose possible ways to hide the noise-like share to reduce the transmission risk problem for the share. Experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is an excellent solution for solving the transmission risk problem for the VSS schemes.
Concept Granule-Based Granular Lattice and Application in Knowledge Retrieval

In this paper, from the viewpoint of granular computing, information granule and concept granule are introduced to information systems, and then structure of concept granules and their distance, concept granular entropy and significance degree are presented. The concept of concept granule-based granular lattice is proposed in information systems. The representation and operation rules of complete granular lattice are given. Moreover, some important properties and propositions about these concepts presented above are discussed as well, whose performances are shown through an illustrative example. Finally, a conceptual framework of knowledge retrieval with granular lattice using concept granules may help to understand the nature of granules and granular hierarchical structures, and further enlarge the application areas of granular computing.
Partitioning the Boolean Lattice into Chains of Large Minimum Size

Let 2n] denote the Boolean lattice of order n, that is, the poset of subsets of {1, ? , n} ordered by inclusion. Recall that 2n] may be partitioned into what we call the canonical symmetric chain decomposition (due to de Bruijn, Tengbergen, and Kruyswijk), or CSCD. Motivated by a question of Furedi, we show that there exists a function d(n)~12n such that for any n? 0, 2n] may be partitioned into (n? n/2? ) chains of size at least d(n). (For comparison, a positive answer to Furedi's question would imply that the same result holds for some d(n)~? /2n. ) More precisely, we first show that for 0? j? n, the union of the lowest j+1 elements from each of the chains in the CSCD of 2n] forms a poset Tj(n) with the normalized matching property and log-concave rank numbers. We then use our results on Tj(n) to show that the nodes in the CSCD chains of size less than 2d(n) may be repartitioned into chains of large minimum size, as desired.
Wie wirksam sind leistungsorientierte Budgetierungsverfahren an deutschen Hochschulen

Formelgebundene Finanzierungsverfahren werden an Hochschulen zumeist in der Erwartung leistungsfordernder Effekte eingesetzt. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob dieses Ziel in der Praxis erreicht wird: Fuhren die derzeit in den Bundeslandern und an den Hochschulen umgesetzten Verfahren nachweislich zu Veranderungen des Leistungsverhaltens? Es zeigt sich, dass insbesondere von der mit Mittelverteilungsmodellen verbundenen Offenlegung von Leistungsdaten sowie der damit einhergehenden Kommunikation uber Leistungen z.B. zwischen Hochschulleitung und Fakultaten Anreizwirkungen ausgehen. Der Aspekt der finanziellen Umverteilung ist hingegen zumeist von untergeordnter Bedeutung. 06.07. 2008 | Michael Jaeger (Hannover)
Locality and applications to subsumption testing and interpolation in $\mathcal{EL}$ and some of its extensions

In this paper we show that subsumption problems in lightweight description logics (such as $\mathcal{EL}$ and $\mathcal{EL}^+$) can be expressed as uniform word problems in classes of semilattices with monotone operators. We use possibilities of efficient local reasoning in such classes of algebras, to obtain uniform PTIME decision procedures for CBox subsumption in $\mathcal{EL}$, $\mathcal{EL}^+$ and extensions thereof. These locality considerations allow us to present a new family of (possibly many-sorted) logics which extend $\mathcal{EL}$ and $\mathcal{EL}^+$ with $n$-ary roles and/or numerical domains. As a by-product, this allows us to show that the algebraic models of ${\cal EL}$ and ${\cal EL}^+$ have ground interpolation and thus that ${\cal EL}$, ${\cal EL}^+$, and their extensions studied in this paper have interpolation. We also show how these ideas can be used for the description logic $\mathcal{EL}^{++}$.
The Relation between Periodontitis and Anemia Associated Parameters

Associate professor, Department of the periodentology, Dental material research center and Implant, Dental School, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Assistant professor, Department of the periodontology, Dental material research center and Implant, Dental School, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Dentist, Amol, Iran Physician, Department of Non-communicable Pediatric Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Undergraduate student, Department of the periodontology, Dental material research center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
Cooperative inhibition of RIP1-mediated NF-κB signaling by cytomegalovirus-encoded deubiquitinase and inactive homolog of cellular ribonucleotide reductase large subunit

Several viruses have been found to encode a deubiquitinating protease (DUB). These viral DUBs are proposed to play a role in regulating innate immune or inflammatory signaling. In human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), the largest tegument protein encoded by UL48 contains DUB activity, but its cellular targets are not known. Here, we show that UL48 and UL45, an HCMV-encoded inactive homolog of cellular ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) large subunit (R1), target receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1) to inhibit NF-κB signaling. Transfection assays showed that UL48 and UL45, which binds to UL48, interact with RIP1 and that UL48 DUB activity and UL45 cooperatively suppress RIP1-mediated NF-κB activation. The growth of UL45-null mutant virus was slightly impaired with showing reduced accumulation of viral late proteins. Analysis of a recombinant virus expressing HA-UL45 showed that UL45 interacts with both UL48 and RIP1 during virus infection. Infection with the mutant viruses also revealed that UL48 DUB activity and UL45 inhibit TNFα-induced NF-κB activation at late times of infection. UL48 cleaved both K48- and K63-linked polyubiquitin chains of RIP1. Although UL45 alone did not affect RIP1 ubiquitination, it could enhance the UL48 activity to cleave RIP1 polyubiquitin chains. Consistently, UL45-null virus infection showed higher ubiquitination level of endogenous RIP1 than HA-UL45 virus infection at late times. Moreover, UL45 promoted the UL48-RIP1 interaction and re-localization of RIP1 to the UL48-containing virion assembly complex. The mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV)-encoded DUB, M48, interacted with mouse RIP1 and M45, an MCMV homolog of UL45. Collectively, our data demonstrate that cytomegalovirus-encoded DUB and inactive R1 homolog target RIP1 and cooperatively inhibit RIP1-mediated NF-κB signaling at the late stages of HCMV infection.
The evolving experience with therapeutic TNF inhibition in sepsis: considering the potential influence of risk of death

Introduction: Septic shock is highly lethal and its incidence is increasing. Although TNF-α plays a key role in sepsis pathogenesis, past efforts to therapeutically inhibit it had limited success. However, there is continued interest in such therapies and there are now ongoing Phase II sepsis trials testing the effects of AZD9773, a TNF-directed polyclonal antibody fragment preparation. Experience with anti-inflammatory agents suggested that their efficacy may relate to sepsis-associated risk of death. Areas covered: An overview of the biology of TNF and experimental data implicating TNF as a key mediator in sepsis pathogenesis; a review of the earlier clinical experience with anti-TNF therapies demonstrating that when examined across 12 trials, these agents had a highly consistent overall effect which although not reaching significance, was on the side of benefit; a review of data showing that sepsis-associated risk of death may influence the efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents like anti-TNF ones and a review of the rational and clinical experience to date with AZD9773 and its precursor, CytoFab. Expert opinion: Discusses variables that may need to be accounted for to maximize the success of clinical trials in sepsis testing agents that modulate host inflammation.
Semiparametric location estimation under non‐random sampling

We study a class of semiparametric skewed distributions arising when the sample selection process produces non‐randomly sampled observations. Based on semiparametric theory and taking into account the symmetric nature of the population distribution, we propose both consistent estimators, i.e. robust to model mis‐specification, and efficient estimators, i.e. reaching the minimum possible estimation variance, of the location of the symmetric population. We demonstrate the theoretical properties of our estimators through asymptotic analysis and assess their finite sample performance through simulations. We also implement our methodology on a real data example of ambulatory expenditures to illustrate the applicability of the estimators in practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experiences in Design and Development of Context-Aware IMS-Based Multimedia Services for Ubiquitous Environments

In the recent past there has been a growing trend in delivering rich, interactive, multimedia and context aware services over wireless networks to intelligent mobile devices. In addition, context awareness has been on the evolution road map of all the next generation technologies, theories and concepts. The goal, common to all ideas, is to enable personalization and intelligent response/reaction spectrum to next generation systems. One such technology, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) has proven to be a huge step towards interactive and personalized communication along with other features. In this paper we analyse the IMS-MBMS framework test-bed designed and developed within the C-MOBILE project. The implementation enables context aware multimedia services for user groups and communities. End-to-end user trails were conducted and the experiences and results are presented along with some crucial development aspects identified during this research and development exercise.
Timing of CMV‐specific effector memory T cells predicts viral replication and survival after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

The aim of this study was to characterize timing, kinetic, and magnitude of CMV‐specific immune response after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and its ability to predict CMV replication and clinical outcomes. Using cell surface and intracellular cytokine staining by flow cytometry, CMV‐specific T‐cell response was measured in blood, while CMV viral load and chimerism were determined by real‐time PCR. Patients that reconstituted CMV‐specific T‐cell response within 6 weeks after Allo‐SCT showed a more robust immune response (CD8+: 0.7 cells/μl vs. 0.3/μl; P‐value = 0.01), less incidence of CMV replication (33% vs. 89.5%; P‐value = 0.007), reduced viral loads (1.81 log copies/ml vs. 0 copies/ml; P‐value = 0.04), and better overall survival (72%; CI: 0.53–0.96 vs. 42% CI: 0.24–0.71; P‐value = 0.07) than patients with a delayed immune reconstitution. Viremic patients had significantly higher transplant‐related mortality than nonviremic patients after 1 year (33% CI: 0.15–0.52 vs. 0% CI: 0.05–0.34; P‐value = 0.01). Risk factors independently associated with viral replication were receptor pretransplant CMV‐positive serostatus (P‐value = 0.02) and acquiring CMV‐specific T‐cell response after 6 weeks post‐transplantation (P‐value = 0.009). In conclusion, timing of acquiring a positive CMV‐specific T‐cell immune response after transplantation may identify patients with different risk for viral replication and different clinical outcomes, including survival.
Pathogenesis of infantile haemangioma

Haemangioma is a vascular tumour of infancy that is well known for its rapid growth during the first weeks to months of a child's life, followed by a spontaneous but slow involution. During the proliferative phase, the vessels are disorganized and composed of immature endothelial cells. When the tumour involutes, the vessels mature and enlarge but are reduced in number. Fat, fibroblasts and connective tissue replace the vascular tissue, with few, large, feeding and draining vessels evident. Both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis have been proposed as mechanisms contributing to the neovascularization in haemangioma tumours. In recent years, several of the ‘building blocks’, the cells comprising the haemangioma, have been isolated. Among them are haemangioma progenitor/stem cells, endothelial cells and pericytes. This review focuses on these cell types, and the molecular pathways within these cells that have been implicated in driving the pathogenesis of infantile haemangioma.
Effect Heterogeneity and Bias in Main-Effects-Only Regression Models

The overwhelming majority of OLS regression models estimated in the social sciences, and in sociology in particular, enter all independent variables as main effects. Few regression models contain many, if any, interaction terms. Most social scientists would probably agree that the assumption of constant effects that is embedded in main-effectsonly regression models is theoretically implausible. Instead, they would maintain that regression effects are historically and contextually contingent; that effects vary across individuals, between groups, over time, and across space. In other words, social scientists doubt constant effects and believe in effect heterogeneity. But why, if social scientists believe in effect heterogeneity, are they willing to substantively interpret main-effects-only regression models? The answer—not that it’s been discussed explicitly—lies in the implicit assumption that the main-effects coefficients in linear regression represent straightforward averages of heterogeneous individual-level causal effects. The belief in the averaging property of linear regression has previously been challenged. Angrist [1998] investigated OLS regression models that were correctly specified in all conventional respects except that effect heterogeneity in the main treatment of interest remained unmodeled. Angrist showed that the regression coefficient for this treatment variable gives a rather peculiar type of average—a conditional variance weighted average of the heterogeneous individual-level treatment effects in the sample. If the weights differ greatly across sample members, the coefficient on the treatment variable in an otherwise well-specified model may differ considerably from the arithmetic mean of the individual-level effects among sample members. In this paper, we raise a new concern about main-effects-only regression models. Instead of considering models in which heterogeneity remains unmodeled in only one effect, we consider standard linear path models in which unmodeled heterogeneity is potentially pervasive. Using simple examples, we show that unmodeled effect heterogeneity in more than one structural parameter may mask confounding and selection bias, and thus lead to biased estimates. In our simulations, this heterogeneity is indexed by latent (unobserved) group membership. We believe that this setup represents a fairly realistic scenario—one in which the analyst has no choice but to resort to a main-effects-only regression model because she cannot include the desired interaction terms since group-membership is un