Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-Deception in Clinical Nursing Practice: A Concept Analysis

In this paper, we explore the phenomenon of “self-deception” within the context of nursing, focusing on how nurses employ this coping mechanism when faced with dissonance, distress, and conflicting situations in clinical settings. Our primary objective is to examine the phenomenon of self-deception using Rodgers’ evolutionary method of concept analysis. Focusing on nurses’ experiences in challenging situations, our analysis highlights how self-deception is often employed as a coping strategy. According to our conceptual analysis, self-deception in nursing clinical practice highlights tensions between different paradigms and expectations in healthcare settings. These tensions stem from the power dynamics and subservience that nurses often face, which can hinder their ability to advocate for themselves, their patients, and the nursing profession.
Module-Based Polyketide Synthase Engineering for de Novo Polyketide Biosynthesis

Polyketide retrobiosynthesis, where the biosynthetic pathway of a given polyketide can be reversibly engineered due to the colinearity of the polyketide synthase (PKS) structure and function, has the potential to produce millions of organic molecules. Mixing and matching modules from natural PKSs is one of the routes to produce many of these molecules. Evolutionary analysis of PKSs suggests that traditionally used module boundaries may not lead to the most productive hybrid PKSs and that new boundaries around and within the ketosynthase domain may be more active when constructing hybrid PKSs. As this is still a nascent area of research, the generality of these design principles based on existing engineering efforts remains inconclusive. Recent advances in structural modeling and synthetic biology present an opportunity to accelerate PKS engineering by re-evaluating insights gained from previous engineering efforts with cutting edge tools.
Phenotype and endotype based treatment of preschool wheeze

ABSTRACT Introduction Preschool wheeze (PSW) is a significant public health issue, with a high presentation rate to emergency departments, recurrent symptoms, and severe exacerbations. A heterogenous condition, PSW comprises several phenotypes that may relate to a range of pathobiological mechanisms. However, treating PSW remains largely generalized to inhaled corticosteroids and a short acting beta agonist, guided by symptom-based labels that often do not reflect underlying pathways of disease. Areas covered We review the observable features and characteristics used to ascribe phenotypes in children with PSW and available pathobiological evidence to identify possible endotypes. These are considered in the context of treatment options and future research directions. The role of machine learning (ML) and modern analytical techniques to identify patterns of disease that distinguish phenotypes is also explored. Expert opinion Distinct clusters (phenotypes) of severe PSW are characterized by different underlying mechanisms, some shared and some unique. ML-based methodologies applied to clinical, biomarker, and environmental data can help design tools to differentiate children with PSW that continues into adulthood, from those in whom wheezing resolves, identifying mechanisms underpinning persistence and resolution. This may help identify novel therapeutic targets, inform mechanistic studies, and serve as a foundation for stratification in future interventional therapeutic trials.
Controls on reservoir quality in the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone of the Irish Sea

The Lower Triassic Sherwood Sandstone Group constitutes the principal reservoir target in the East Irish Sea Basin. Interpretation of sedimentary facies allows recognition of major low sinuosity braided fluvial channel, minor ephemeral fluvial channel, aeolian dune and sandsheet, unconfined fluvial sheetflood and playa lake deposits that are discussed in terms of facies associations. Reservoir quality is highly variable, with porosity and permeability data revealing significant differences between fluvial, sheetflood and aeolian facies associations. The latter, in particular, preserve very high reservoir quality reflecting an open grain fabric and paucity of blocky cements. Variations in porosity between the facies associations relate primarily to the distribution of quartz cement which is significantly more abundant in fluvial channel sandstones than other facies. Authigenic illite, while severely limiting permeabilities in some reservoir zones, is not facies specific and does not contribute to the observed variations. It is suggested that the disparity in the abundance of quartz cement between facies associations relates to two distinct grain types that correlate broadly with fluvial and aeolian associations, respectively, and probably derive from different provenances. The evolution of the basin, in controlling the distribution of the major facies, influenced the distribution of the two grain populations and, thus, also the reservoir quality of the sandstones.
Enthusiastic and Grounded, Avoidant and Cautious: Understanding Public Receptivity to Data and Visualizations

Despite an abundance of open data initiatives aimed to inform and empower “general” audiences, we still know little about the ways people outside of traditional data analysis communities experience and engage with public data and visualizations. To investigate this gap, we present results from an in-depth qualitative interview study with 19 participants from diverse ethnic, occupational, and demographic backgrounds. Our findings characterize a set of lived experiences with open data and visualizations in the domain of energy consumption, production, and transmission. This work exposes information receptivity — an individual's transient state of willingness or openness to receive information —as a blind spot for the data visualization community, complementary to but distinct from previous notions of data visualization literacy and engagement. We observed four clusters of receptivity responses to data- and visualization-based rhetoric: Information-Avoidant, Data-Cautious, Data-Enthusiastic, and Domain-Grounded. Based on our findings, we highlight research opportunities for the visualization community. This exploratory work identifies the existence of diverse receptivity responses, highlighting the need to consider audiences with varying levels of openness to new information. Our findings also suggest new approaches for improving the accessibility and inclusivity of open data and visualization initiatives targeted at broad audiences. A free copy of this paper and all supplemental materials are available at https://OSF.IO/MPQ32.
Self-regulation of effort for a better health-related quality of life: a multidimensional activity pacing model for chronic pain and fatigue management

Abstract Purpose To propose a comprehensive multidimensional model of activity pacing that improves health-related quality of life and promotes sustained physical activity engagement among adults with chronic conditions. Materials and methods A narrative review was conducted to examine the existing literature on activity pacing, health-related quality of life, pain and fatigue management, and physical activity promotion in chronic conditions. Results The literature revealed a lack of a cohesive approach towards a multidimensional model for using activity pacing to improve health-related quality of life. A comprehensive multidimensional model of activity pacing was proposed, emphasizing the importance of considering all aspects of pacing for sustained physical activity engagement and improved health-related quality of life. The model incorporates elements such as rest breaks, self-regulatory skills, environmental factors, and effective coping strategies for depression/anxiety. It takes into account physical, psychological, and environmental factors, all of which contribute significantly to the enhancement of health-related quality of life, physical function, and overall well-being, reflecting a holistic approach. Conclusions The model offers guidance to researchers and clinicians in effectively educating patients on activity pacing acquisition and in developing effective interventions to enhance physical activity engagement and health outcomes among adults with chronic conditions. Additionally, it serves as a tool towards facilitating discussions on sustained physical activity and a healthy lifestyle for patients, which can eventually lead to improved quality of life.
Effects of silver nanoparticles prepared by aqueous extract of Ferula communis on the developing mouse embryo after maternal exposure

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from aqueous silver nitrate has been achieved using an extract of Ferula communis leaf as a capping, reducing, and stabilizing agent. The formation and stability of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles in the colloidal solution were monitored by absorption measurements. Silver nanoparticles were characterized by different analyses such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and FT-IR spectroscopy. The average particle size of silver nanoparticles was determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. In this experiment, pregnant female mice were divided into four groups (G); G1 was the control and received phosphate-buffered saline, G2 received orally aqueous extract of F. communis leaf, G3 received orally AgNPs chemically prepared by NaBH4, and G4 received orally AgNPs prepared by aqueous extract of F. communis leaf. The diameter of AgNPs was 20 nm. AgNPs exhibited good catalytic reduction ability toward methyl orange in the presence of sodium borohydride with a rate constant of 2.95 x 10−4 s−1. The results revealed the occurrence of resorbed embryos in G2, G3, and G4 with different percentages. The livers of mothers and embryos at E14.5 in G2, G3, and G4 showed different levels of histopathological alteration and increase in GFAP and CTGF expressions compared with the control group. The study concluded that the oral administration of small-sized AgNPs (20 nm) prepared by Ferula extract had less toxicity than those prepared by the chemical method.
In vitro effects of omeprazole in combination with antifungal compounds against Malassezia pachydermatis

Abstract Background Fungal and yeast infections, including those caused by Malassezia spp. , are becoming increasingly difficult to treat, likely due to the occurrence of drug resistance. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal effects of omeprazole (OME), a proton pump inhibitor, against antifungal‐resistant Malassezia pachydermatis and to investigate the potential synergistic effects between OME and other antifungal compounds. Methods In total, 15 samples of M. pachydermatis isolated from the skin of dogs were tested. The susceptibility of M. pachydermatis to itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, terbinafine and OME was assessed using a modified broth microdilution (BM) method. The in vitro efficacy of OME alone and in combination with other antifungal compounds was evaluated for all isolates using the BM chequerboard method. The data obtained were analysed using the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI). Results The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of antifungal compounds and OME against quality control strain (M. pachydermatis CBS1879) were lower than the MIC90 values of same drugs against clinically collected strains. There was no significant difference in MIC values between drugs alone and combination. According to the analysis by the FICI method, no interaction was observed with OME and antifungal compounds. Conclusions Most M. pachydermatis strains were resistant to azole antifungal compounds. OME exerted antifungal effects against Malassezia spp. and even showed good effects on antifungal‐resistant strains. No synergistic effects were observed between the antifungal compounds and OME.
Validating the Communicating Care Needs Tool for HIV (CCNT-HIV)

Health literacy has been identified as an influential factor affecting the HIV care continuum and HIV epidemic, but recent systematic reviews found mixed relationships between health literacy and HIV medication adherence. This may be partially due to discrepancies between health literacy conceptualizations, health literacy measures, and the lifeworld, day-to-day challenges that persons with HIV (PWH) face as they seek and receive care. To address these challenges, a new health literacy tool, Communicating Care Needs Tool for HIV (CCNT-HIV), was developed. With survey responses from 118 PWH, the current study compares CCNT-HIV with the Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool (BRIEF) and the All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale (AAHLS) by conducting a principal component analysis. Six principal components were identified for CCNT-HIV; one principal component was identified for BRIEF; and three principal components were identified for AAHLS. With a correlation analysis, relevance among principal components across the three tools validated CCNT-HIV. This study extended the scope of health literacy measures by emphasizing the relational, multi-variable, collaborative impacts stakeholders make on patients’ health management. Practical implications for how health literacy tools, like the CCNT-HIV, can be used to directly benefit patients and their health management are also discussed.
Surgical accuracy of CAD/CAM splints using virtual surgical planning in orthognathic surgery: policy implications for healthcare in Australia

This study examines post‐surgical outcomes of maxillary position using virtual surgical planning (VSP) with computer designed and manufactured surgical splints, without the use of costly patient specific implants (PSI), in the treatment of routine nonsyndromic orthognathic patients. The cost of these personalized medical devices and their impact in the setting of cranio‐maxillofacial surgery is currently under review by The Department of Health and Aged Care in Australia.
Proteomic profiling and network biology of colorectal cancer liver metastasis

ABSTRACT Introduction Tissue-based proteomic studies of colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis have delivered fragmented results, with very few therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers moving beyond the discovery phase. This situation is likely due to the difficulties in obtaining and analyzing large numbers of patient-derived metastatic samples, the own heterogeneity of CRC, and technical limitations in proteomics discovery. As an alternative, metastatic CRC cell lines provide a flexible framework to investigate the underlying mechanisms and network biology of metastasis for target discovery. Areas Covered In this perspective, we comment on different in-depth proteomic studies of metastatic versus non-metastatic CRC cell lines. Identified metastasis-related proteins are introduced and discussed according to the spatial location in different cellular fractions, with special emphasis on membrane/adhesion proteins, secreted proteins, and nuclear factors, including miRNAs associated with liver metastasis. Moreover, we analyze the biological significance and potential therapeutic applications of the identified liver metastasis-related proteins. Expert Opinion The combination of protein discovery and functional analysis is the only way to accelerate the progress to clinical translation of the proteomic-derived findings in a relatively fast pace. Patient-derived organoids represent a promising alternative to patient tissues and cell lines, but further optimizations are still required for achieving solid and reproducible results.
Targeted metagenomic assessment reflects critical colonization in battlefield injuries

ABSTRACT Current diagnostics and clinical management strategies for combat wounds are based on decisions made by expert clinicians. However, even in the hands of experienced surgeons, wounds from combat injuries can exhibit failed healing and complications related to limitations in the rapid and comprehensive generation of diagnostic information. Previous studies have demonstrated the possible use of genomic sequencing approaches to detect microbial signatures involved in combat casualty care. While effective, whole metagenome sequencing is limited by the depth required to confidently detect all relevant signatures. To address this, we developed a targeted capture sequencing panel to detect microbial signatures relevant to wound healing. These targets include known microbial nosocomial pathogens, wound colonizers, and genes involved in virulence and antimicrobial resistance. A bioinformatics pipeline was built to identify genomic regions of interest and over 8,000 oligonucleotide probes were designed for capture. The panel was synthesized and validated using control reference genomes in human background and on wound-effluent samples from a cohort of combat-injured U.S. service members. Our panel was sensitive against wound-colonizing species, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and was specific in detecting corresponding virulence and antimicrobial-resistance genes as well as other pathogenic species present in microflora mixtures. Random forest feature permutation confirmed the prevalence of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas in critically colonized wounds and wounds that failed to heal, respectively. Our results demonstrate the capability of targeted sequencing tools and analysis platforms to profile and deliver information on pathogenic factors influencing wound progression, thereby guiding therapeutic intervention. IMPORTANCE Microbial contamination in combat wounds can lead to opportunistic infections and adverse outcomes. However, current microbiological detection has a limited ability to capture microbial functional genes. This work describes the application of targeted metagenomic sequencing to profile wound bioburden and capture relevant wound-associated signatures for clinical utility. Ultimately, the ability to detect such signatures will help guide clinical decisions regarding wound care and management and aid in the prediction of wound outcomes. Microbial contamination in combat wounds can lead to opportunistic infections and adverse outcomes. However, current microbiological detection has a limited ability to capture microbial functional genes. This work describes the application of targeted metagenomic sequencing to profile wound bioburden and capture relevant wound-associated signatures for clinical utility. Ultimately, the ability to detect such signatures will help guide clinical decisions regarding wound care and management and aid in the prediction of wound outcomes.
Interannual variability of the Indonesian Throughflow transport: A revisit based on 30 year expendable bathythermograph data

Based on 30-year repeated expendable bathythermograph (XBT) deployments between Fremantle, Western Australia and the Sunda Strait, Indonesia from 1984 to 2013, interannual variability of geostrophic transport of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) and its relationships with El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) are investigated. The IOD induced coastal Kelvin waves propagate along the Sumatra-Java coast of Indonesia, and ENSO induced coastal Kelvin waves propagate along the northwest coast of Australia, both influencing interannual variations of the ITF transport. The ITF geostrophic transport is stronger during La Nina phase and weaker during El Nino phase, with the Nino3.4 index leading the ITF variability by 7 months. The Indian Ocean wind variability associated with the IOD to a certain extent offset the Pacific ENSO influences on the ITF geostrophic transport during the developing and mature phases of El Nino and La Nina, due to the co-varying IOD variability with ENSO. The ITF geostrophic transport experiences a strengthening trend of about 1 Sv every 10 years over the study period, which is mostly due to a response to the strengthening of the trade winds in the Pacific during the climate change hiatus period. Decadal variations of the temperature-salinity relationships need to be considered when estimating the geostrophic transport of the ITF using XBT data. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Amortized Variational Inference: Towards the Mathematical Foundation and Review

The core principle of Variational Inference (VI) is to convert the statistical inference problem of computing complex posterior probability densities into a tractable optimization problem. This property enables VI to be faster than several sampling-based techniques. However, the traditional VI algorithm is not scalable to large data sets and is unable to readily infer out-of-bounds data points without re-running the optimization process. Recent developments in the ﬁeld, like stochastic, black box-and amortized-VI, have helped address these issues. Generative modeling tasks nowadays widely make use of amortized VI for its eﬃciency and scalability, as it utilizes a parameterized function to learn the approximate posterior density parameters. With this paper, we review the mathematical foundations of various VI techniques to form the basis for understanding amortized VI. Additionally, we provide an overview of the recent trends that address several issues of amortized VI, such as the amortization gap, generalization issues, inconsistent representation learning, and posterior collapse. Finally, we analyze alternate divergence measures that improve VI optimization.
Navigating ICT In-House Procurement in Finland: Evaluating Legal Frameworks and Practical Challenges

In-house procurement is a controversial issue in the field of public procurement. Simply put, such procurement allows overlooking certain aspects of fair and equal treatment of vendors. This paper presents qualitative research on in-house ICT procurement within Finnish municipalities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather insights from municipal stakeholders. Using grounded theory approach, data analysis shows intricate dynamics between Finnish municipalities and in-house entities associated with them. Still, it is clear that the legal framework governing in-house procurement remains intricate and debated.
Fluid-gravity correspondence and causal first-order relativistic viscous hydrodynamics

The fluid-gravity correspondence is a duality between anti-de Sitter Einstein gravity and a relativistic fluid living at the conformal boundary. We show that one can accommodate the causal first-order viscous hydrodynamics recently developed by Bemfica, Disconzi, Noronha, and Kovtun in this framework, by requiring a set of natural conditions for the geometric data at the horizon. The latter hosts an induced Carrollian fluid, whose equations of motion are shown to be tightly tied to the ones describing the fluid at the boundary. Functional expressions for the transport coefficients are found --with those associated to viscosity and heat flux uniquely determined--, satisfying a set of known causality requirements for the underlying equations of motion.