Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response time and accuracy revisited: converging support for the interactive race model.

The interactive race model embodies 2 central claims: that divided attention is best described as a race between separately processed codes and that the 2 types of design contingency to which the model is sensitive affect different processing stages. Previous support for the model has come from a series of redundant-target tasks examining reaction time (RT) (J.T. Mordkoff & S. Yantis, 1991). We tested both central claims using near-threshold, accuracy tasks. This approach capitalizes on a known difference between RT and accuracy measures: that (in simple tasks) accuracy is sensitive only to perceptual manipulations, whereas RT is affected by both perceptual and postperceptual factors (J.L. Santee & H.E. Egeth, 1982). The results from 3 experiments provide converging support for the proposed loci of the 2 contingency-sensitive mechanisms within the interactive race model, as well as additional evidence concerning the differential sensitivities of RT and accuracy measures.
Frequency-Dependent Inactivation of Mammalian A-Type K+ Channel KV1.4 Regulated by Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase

Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) and protein phosphatase 2B (calcineurin) are key enzymes in the regulation of synaptic strength, controlling the phosphorylation status of pre- and postsynaptic target proteins. Here, we show that the inactivation gating of the Shaker-related fast-inactivating KV channel, Kv1.4 is controlled by CaMKII and the calcineurin/inhibitor-1 protein phosphatase cascade. CaMKII phosphorylation of an amino-terminal residue of KV1.4 leads to slowing of inactivation gating and accelerated recovery from N-type inactivated states. In contrast, dephosphorylation of this residue induces a fast inactivating mode of KV1.4 with time constants of inactivation 5 to 10 times faster compared with the CaMKII-phosphorylated form. Dephosphorylated KV1.4 channels also display slowed and partial recovery from inactivation with increased trapping of KV1.4 channels in long-absorbing C-type inactivated states. In consequence, dephosphorylated KV1.4 displays a markedly increased tendency to undergo cumulative inactivation during repetitive stimulation. The balance between phosphorylated and dephosphorylated KV1.4 channels is regulated by changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration rendering KV1.4 inactivation gating Ca2+-sensitive. The reciprocal CaMKII and calcineurin regulation of cumulative inactivation of presynaptic KV1.4 may provide a novel mechanism to regulate the critical frequency for presynaptic spike broadening and induction of synaptic plasticity.
The change of correlation structure across industries:an analysis in the regime-switching framework

This paper studies changes of correlation structure across industries in the United States equities market in the regime-switching framework. To capture the irreversible structural change and to separate it from the recurring boomingrecession switches, we introduce two Markov chains. We empirically identify the timing of the structural change and confirm that, after the change, the asset return correlations across industries increased. Moreover, the impact of the structural change on correlations is stronger in a recession period than in a booming period.
Escholarship@umms Program in Systems Biology Publications and Presentations Program in Systems Biology the Yeast Genome Undergoes Significant Topological Reorganization in Quiescence Repository Citation the Yeast Genome Undergoes Significant Topological Reorganization in Quiescence This Work Is Lice

The yeast genome undergoes significant topological reorganization in quiescence" (2015). ABSTRACT We have examined the three-dimensional organization of the yeast genome during quiescence by a chromosome capture technique as a means of understanding how genome organization changes during development. For exponentially growing cells we observe high levels of inter-centromeric interaction but otherwise a predominance of intrachromosomal interactions over interchromosomal interactions, consistent with aggregation of centromeres at the spindle pole body and compartmentalization of individual chromosomes within the nucleoplasm. Three major changes occur in the organization of the quies-cent cell genome. First, intrachromosomal associations increase at longer distances in quiescence as compared to growing cells. This suggests that chromosomes undergo condensation in quiescence, which we confirmed by microscopy by measurement of the intrachromosomal distances between two sites on one chromosome. This compaction in quiescence requires the condensin complex. Second , inter-centromeric interactions decrease, consistent with prior data indicating that centromeres disperse along an array of microtubules during qui-escence. Third, inter-telomeric interactions significantly increase in quiescence, an observation also confirmed by direct measurement. Thus, survival during quiescence is associated with substantial topological reorganization of the genome.
Hunting and Monitoring: Community-Based Research in Xerente Indigenous Land, Brazilian Cerrado

Community-based research that involves participatory monitoring has been increasingly used in studies on hunting activity in traditional societies of the Neotropics, particularly in the rainforest environment. We present the results from a year-long study of participatory monitoring of hunting in 10 villages in Xerente indigenous land in the Brazilian Cerrado, an initiative to build a sustainable-use program for local hunting. Fifty-two hunters recorded data on 390 hunts involving 451 kills and 5,878 kg of estimated biomass from 34 game species. Mediumand large-sized mammals were the most hunted species, while hunting activities were predominant in forest environments. Indigenous hunting techniques associated with collective hunts using fire are no longer used, and the use of traditional weapons such as the bow and arrow is now uncommon; firearms were the main weapon used. The data revealed current patterns of wildlife use as well as hunting activities. The implications of these results for future research on the management and conservation of wildlife hunting in Xerente indigenous land are presented. We present our findings to facilitate improved preparation of new monitoring programs in traditional societies that live in the Cerrado.
Tell Me Who, and I’ll Tell You How Fair: A Model of Agent Bias in Justice Reasoning

A salient and underresearched aspect of un/fair treatment in organizations can be the source of justice, in terms of a specific justice agent. We propose a model of agent bias to describe how and when characteristics of the agent enacting justice are important to justice reasoning. The agent bias is defined as the effect on overall event justice perceptions of specific agent characteristics, over and above the effect via distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. For justice recipients to focus on agent characteristics rather than on the event being evaluated in terms of fairness is an unexplored bias in justice judgments. Agent warmth, competence, and past justice track record (entity justice) are identified as agent characteristics that influence justice judgments. Agent characteristics can influence overall event justice perceptions positively or negatively, depending on the ambiguity in terms of justice of the event and on its expectedness from a particular justice agent. Finally, we propose that agent bias is stronger when justice recipients use intuitive versus analytic information processing of event information. Our model of agent bias has important theoretical implications for theories of organizational justice and for other literatures, as well as important practical implications for organizations and managers.
Behavioural observations of the bodyguard mite Ensliniella parasitica

In a mutualistic relation between a potter wasp, Allodynerus delphinalis (Giraud) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), and its specific parasitic mite, Ensliniella parasitica Vitzthum (Winterschmidtiidae), behaviour of the mite guarding the wasp and attacking their common natural enemy, Melittobia acasta (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) , was examined.While mite attacks to M. acasta occurred by accidental physical contact, the counterattack by the parasitoid occurred 24 h after both were released onto their mutual host. The two organisms fought until one of them died in our experimental arena, which the parasitoid could not escape from to avoid combat. It was not possible to determine what the behaviour of the parasitoid would be had it been able to escape. Mite phoretic behaviour was also examined to understand the mechanism by which both the host wasp and the mite could reap reciprocal benefits from the presence of acarinaria on the wasp. The results suggested that the newly emerged host wasp might have an attractant to collect the necessary number of mites in an acarinarium, which would later function as guards of its offspring, given that around 46% of mite deutonymphs were able to migrate into one of the acarinaria within only 10 min after they were put together in an experimental arena. To more fully understand the strategy of each organism involved in this mutualism, further observation on their behaviour is needed.
Extracting and evaluating general world knowledge from the Brown Corpus

We have been developing techniques for extracting general world knowledge from miscellaneous texts by a process of approximate interpretation and abstraction, focusing initially on the Brown corpus. We apply interpretive rules to clausal patterns and patterns of modification, and concurrently abstract general "possibilistic" propositions from the resulting formulas. Two examples are "A person may believe a proposition", and "Children may live with relatives". Our methods currently yield over 117,000 such propositions (of variable quality) for the Brown corpus (more than 2 per sentence). We report here on our efforts to evaluate these results with a judging scheme aimed at determining how many of these propositions pass muster as "reasonable general claims" about the world in the opinion of human judges. We find that nearly 60% of the extracted propositions are favorably judged according to our scheme by any given judge. The percentage unanimously judged to be reasonable claims by multiple judges is lower, but still sufficiently high to suggest that our techniques may be of some use in tackling the long-standing "knowledge acquisition bottleneck" in AI.
Social Group Identification and Clustering

Some methods for object group identification applicable for social group identification are compared. We suppose that people are characterized by their actions, for example the deputies are characterized by their voting habits. We are interested in binary data analysis (e.g. the result of voting is yes or not). The dataset consisting of the roll-call votes records in the Russian parliament in 2004 was analyzed. Methods of hierarchical and fuzzy clustering, and Boolean factor analysis are applied. In the first case, we propose two-step analysis in which factor loadings (as result of factor analysis of objects) obtained in the first step are interpreted by cluster analysis in the second step. For the cluster number determination both traditional and modified coefficients are used. Further, we suggest using Hopfield-like neural network based Boolean factor analysis for this purpose. This proposed method gives the best results in the case of deputies grouping.
Image based control of a space surveillance robot

The paper deals with the image-based control of a space surveillance robot. The position of the robot is obtained by the Simplified General Perturbations model and its orientation by simulating its dynamic and kinematic models. For known position and orientation of the robot the images are obtained using Google Earth. The orientation of the robot is governed by reaction wheels which produce the required moments to the robot. The image based control law using image extraction features is applied to achieve automatic reference point observation on the Earth surface. Simulated experimental results with realistic assumptions are provided to demonstrate the operation of the proposed approach.
Looking forward to helping: The effects of prospection on prosocial intentions and behavior

Three experiments were conducted to further examine how prospection (i.e., thinking about the future) fosters prosociality. In Study 1 (n = 238), participants who wrote about the future expressed significantly stronger prosocial intentions than people who wrote about the past. In a similar study (n = 87), participants who wrote about the future were significantly more likely to behave prosocially than those who wrote about the past. In Study 3 (n = 203), mediational analyses revealed that prospection and optimism each predicted positive affect, which then predicted stronger prosocial intentions. These findings extend previous work by demonstrating that prospection enhances general prosocial intentions, that this effect extends to prosocial behavior, and that the effect is partially mediated by positive affect.
Suppression of Unsteady Vortex Shedding From a Circular Cylinder by Using a Passive Jet Flow Control Method

A passive jet flow control method was employed to suppress the unsteady vortex shedding from a circular cylinder at the Reynolds number level of Re = (0.18∼1.1)×105. The passive jet flow control was achieved by blowing jets from the holes near the rear stagnation point of the cylinder, which are connected to the in-take holes located near the front stagnation point through channels embedded inside the cylinder. Since a part of the oncoming flow would inhale into the in-take holes, flow through the embedded channels, and blow out from the holes near the rear stagnation point to suppress/manipulate the alternating vortex shedding in the wake flow behind the circular cylinder, the present passive jet flow control method does not require any additional energy inputs for the flow control. In the present study, the aerodynamic force (i.e., both lift and drag) acting the circular cylinder model with and without the passive jet flow control were compared quantitatively at different Reynolds numbers (i.e., different inlet mean speed). It was found that, in addition to almost eliminating the fluctuations of the lift forces acting on the cylinder, the passive jet flow control method was also found to reduce the mean drag acting on the cylinder model greatly. The instantaneous vorticity distributions and corresponding streamline patterns were used to reveal the underlying physics about why and how the passive jet flow control method can be used to suppress the alternating vortex shedding and induce a symmetrical wake pattern behind the cylinder model.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Analysis of multi-interpretable ecological monitoring information

In this paper logical techniques developed to formalize the analysis of multi-interpretable information, in particular belief set operators and selection operators, are applied to an ecological domain. A knowledge-based decision support system is described that determines the abiotic (chemical and physical) characteristics of a site on the basis of samples of plant species that are observed. The logical foundation of this system is described in terms of a belief set operator and a selection operator.
L’ÉMERGENCE DU CONTRÔLE DE GESTION DANS LES UNIVERSITÉS SÉNÉGALAISES

Resume Cet article traite des pratiques et outils de controle de gestion dans les universites senegalaises. En effet, dans un contexte de reformes, l’application d’outils de controle de gestion est devenue une necessite pour la performance des universites, neanmoins nous constatons une insuffisance des pratiques. Dans le cadre de notre travail, nous avons adopte une demarche qualitative pour analyser la structuration du controle de gestion dans les universites senegalaises. Nos resultats montrent qu’il existe certaines pratiques de controle de gestion meme si elles sont tres recentes. Mots cles : New Public Management - Controle de gestion - Universite. Abstract This paper deals with practical and managerial control tools in Senegalese universities. Indeed, in a context of reforms the application of management control tools has become necessary for the performance of universities, however, we see a lack of practice. As part of our work, we adopted a qualitative approach to analyze the structure of management control in Senegalese universities. Our results show that there are some management control practices even if they are very recent. Keywords :New Public Management - Management Control - University.
Detection of K-ras point mutation at codon 12 in pancreatic diseases: a study in a Brazilian casuistic.

OBJECTIVE To clarify the sensitivity and the validity of K-ras point mutational analysis at codon 12 in Brazilian patients with pancreatic diseases, and the possible correlation between the presence of the mutation and the histopathological findings. PATIENTS Ninety-seven Brazilian patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and chronic pancreatitis were enrolled in this study. Forty-five patients (46%) were female and 52 patients (54%) were male, having an average age of 60.2+/-9.2 years for adenocarcinoma (n=52), 45.1+/-19.4 years for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (n=20), and 46.4+/-11.2 years for chronic pancreatitis (n=25). DNA extracted from 11 normal human peripheric lymphocytes was utilized as a control. RESULTS The sensitivity of K-ras mutational analysis was 83.3% (25/30) in paraffin-embedded samples and 72.7% (16/22) in surgically resected specimens of the malignancy. On the other hand, no mutations were found in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors or in chronic pancreatitis. Regarding the histopathological grading, the higher positivity rate was found in poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma (100%), and progressively decreased in moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma (72.2%), and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (66.6%). The positivity rate in non-classified adenocarcinoma was 81.8%. CONCLUSION K-ras point mutation, in our study, is notably prevalent in malignancies and is absent in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. These results encourage us to consider the possibility of treatment strategies for this oncogene in the future.
Do Party Lists Matter? Political Party Strategies in Legislative Candidate Nominations

In electoral systems with closed party lists, it is argued that the importance of central party organisation increases at the expense of individual candidates’ role in candidate nomination processes. This logic also underestimates individuals’ electoral potential and focuses on individuals’ allegiance to the leadership as the main asset for increasing their chances of being nominated. We argue that forming a party-list is a strategic decision based on the principle of furthering the interest of the party as a whole rather than rewarding individuals’ commitment to the party and is conditional on inter-party competition. We conveyed an original dataset of candidate lists for major parties in Turkey’s parliamentary elections between 1999 and 2015 and found empirical evidence for the significance of candidate lists as being used as strategic tools in inter-party electoral competition.
Norges Teknisk-naturvitenskapelige Universitet Approximate Bayesian Inference for Multivariate Stochastic Volatility Models Approximate Bayesian Inference for Multivariate Stochastic Volatility Models

In this report we apply Integrated Nested Laplace approximation (INLA) to a series of multivariate stochastic volatility models. These are a useful construct in financial time series analysis and can be formulated as latent Gaussian Markov Random Field (GMRF) models. This popular class of models is characterised by a GMRF as the second stage of the hierarchical structure and a vector of hyperparameters as the third stage. INLA is a new tool for fast, deterministic inference on latent GMRF models which provides very accurate approximations to the posterior marginals of the model. We compare the performance of INLA with that of some Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms run for a long time showing that the approximations, despite being computed in only a fraction of time with respect to MCMC estimations, are practically exact. The INLA approach uses numerical schemes to integrate out the uncertainty with respect to the hy-perparameters. In this report we cope with problems deriving from an increasing dimension of the hy-perparameter vector. Moreover, we propose different approximations for the posterior marginals of the hyperparameters of the model. We show also how Bayes factors can be efficiently approximated using the INLA tools thus providing a base for model comparison.
Time Minimal Trajectories for two-level Quantum Systems with Drift

On a two-level quantum system driven by an external field, we consider the population transfer problem from the first to the second level, minimizing the time of transfer, with bounded field amplitude. On the Bloch sphere (i.e. after a suitable Hopf projection), this problem can be attacked with techniques of optimal syntheses on 2-D manifolds. Let (−E,E) be the two energy levels, and [equacion] the bound on the field amplitude. For each values of E and M, we provide the explicit expression of the time optimal trajectory steering the state one to the state two in terms of a parameter that should be computed numerically. For M << E, every time optimal trajectory is bang-bang and in particular the corresponding control is periodic with frequency of the order of the resonance frequency ωR= 2E. On the other side, for M > E the time optimal trajectory steering the state one to the state two is bang-bang with exactly one switching. Fixed E we also prove that for M →∞ the time needed to reach the state two tends to zero. Finally we compare these results with some known results of Khaneja, Brockett and Glaser and with those obtained in the Rotating Wave Approximation.
Enumerative geometry of hyperelliptic plane curves

We recursively compute the Gromov-Witten invariants of the Hilbert scheme of two points in the plane. By studying the space of stable maps and computing virtual contributions, we use these invariants to enumerate hyperelliptic plane curves of degree d and genus g passing through 3d+1 general points.
Hedging, Speculation and Shareholder Value

We document that firms in the gold mining industry have consistently realized economically significant cash flow gains from their derivatives transactions. We conclude that these cash flows have increased shareholder value since there is no evidence of an offsetting adjustment in firms' systematic risk. This finding contradicts a central assumption in the risk management literature, that derivatives transactions have zero NPV, and highlights an important motive for firms to use derivatives that the literature has hitherto ignored. We find considerable evidence of selective hedging in our sample, but the cash flow gains from selective hedging are small at best.