Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acting Out of Affections: Embodiment, morality and (post) modernity

This article discusses how the epistemological emphasis given to instrumental reason and cognitive classification (mathesis) during modernity resulted in the disparagement of the role of embodiment in constructions of the moral and spiritual self. I show how the disenchantment and desacralisation of nature which accompanied this shift led to an internalisation of the sources of moral action. I suggest that what is now required is a similar attention to embodiment that the medieval Christian tradition of affective imitation and ritual expression encouraged. Drawing primarily from the work of Durkheim, Bauman, and Mestrovic, I discuss how recent sociological work examines and endorses this need to rediscover the sources of moral and spiritual development in authentic somatic experience.
Organization of cellulose synthase complexes involved in primary cell wall synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

In all land plants, cellulose is synthesized from hexameric plasma membrane complexes. Indirect evidence suggests that in vascular plants the complexes involved in primary wall synthesis contain three distinct cellulose synthase catalytic subunits (CESAs). In this study, we show that CESA3 and CESA6 fused to GFP are expressed in the same cells and at the same time in the hypocotyl of etiolated seedlings and migrate with comparable velocities along linear trajectories at the cell surface. We also show that CESA3 and CESA6 can be coimmunoprecipitated from detergent-solubilized extracts, their protein levels decrease in mutants for either CESA3, CESA6, or CESA1 and CESA3, CESA6 and also CESA1 can physically interact in vivo as shown by bimolecular fluorescence complementation. We also demonstrate that CESA6-related CESA5 and CESA2 are partially, but not completely, redundant with CESA6 and most likely compete with CESA6 for the same position in the cellulose synthesis complex. Using promoter-β-glucuronidase fusions we show that CESA5, CESA6, and CESA2 have distinct overlapping expression patterns in hypocotyl and root corresponding to different stages of cellular development. Together, these data provide evidence for the existence of binding sites for three distinct CESA subunits in primary wall cellulose synthase complexes, with two positions being invariably occupied by CESA1 and CESA3, whereas at least three isoforms compete for the third position. Participation of the latter three isoforms might fine-tune the CESA complexes for the deposition of microfibrils at distinct cellular growth stages.
Controversial Issues in Kyphoplasty and Vertebroplasty in Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures

Kyphoplasty (KP) and vertebroplasty (VP) have been successfully employed for many years for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. The purpose of this review is to resolve the controversial issues raised by the two randomized trials that claimed no difference between VP and SHAM procedure. In particular we compare nonsurgical management (NSM) and KP and VP, in terms of clinical parameters (pain, disability, quality of life, and new fractures), cost-effectiveness, radiological variables (kyphosis correction and vertebral height restoration), and VP versus KP for cement extravasation and complications profile. Cement types and optimal filling are analyzed and technological innovations are presented. Finally unipedicular/bipedicular techniques are compared. Conclusion. VP and KP are superior to NSM in clinical and radiological parameters and probably more cost-effective. KP is superior to VP in sagittal balance improvement and cement leaking. Complications are rare but serious adverse events have been described, so caution should be exerted. Unilateral procedures should be pursued whenever feasible. Upcoming randomized trials (CEEP, OSTEO-6, STIC-2, and VERTOS IV) will provide the missing link.
A Monte Carlo method for exponential hedging of contingent claims

Utility based methods provide a very general theoretically consistent approach to pricing and hedging of securities in incomplete financial markets. Solving problems in the utility based framework typically involves dynamic programming, which in practise can be difficult to implement. This article presents a Monte Carlo approach to optimal portfolio problems for which the dynamic programming is based on the exponential utility function U(x)=-exp(-x). The algorithm, inspired by the Longstaff-Schwartz approach to pricing American options by Monte Carlo simulation, involves learning the optimal portfolio selection strategy on simulated Monte Carlo data. It shares with the LS framework intuitivity, simplicity and flexibility.
A hybrid teleoperation control scheme for a single-arm mobile manipulator with omnidirectional wheels

In this paper, an hybrid position-position and position-velocity teleoperation control scheme for a generic mobile manipulator is presented and discussed. The mobile manipulator is composed by a mobile platform and a 5 dof arm, and the proposed control scheme allows the simultaneous control of both the devices by means of a single haptic device characterized by an open kinematic chain and not specifically designed for mobile manipulators teleoperation (e.g. a Phantom Omni). The proposed teleoperation controller overcomes the mismatch of the control signals to be sent to the arm (position) and to the mobile platform (velocity) through a proper partition of the master device workspace. Tests have been performed both by simulation and with a real setup. The setup is composed by a 6 dof Phantom Omni haptic device acting as master, and a single-arm Kuka youBot omnidirectional manipulator acting as slave. Experimental results related to a pick and place task, performed on the real setup and involving the motion of both the arm and the platform are reported and commented.
Learning from mistakes: Inducing analogous solution failures to a source problem produces later successes in analogical transfer

In 4 experiments we investigated the use of analogical problem solving to facilitate the solution to a problem that usually results in persistent solution failures without hints. The results of Experiments 1-3 indicate that spontaneous transfer was facilitated by a manipulation of the surface form of the source problem that tends to induce initial solution failures analogous to those produced to the target problem. Surface similarity of content words and diagrams had no effect on transfer in Experiments 1-3. In Experiment 4, facilitation of spontaneous transfer was not obtained when source solution failures were prevented. The importance of failed solutions in problem representation and the relationship between problem representation and surface similarity are discussed
Eficacia de un programa de entrenamiento en atención en la esquizofrenia : un estudio piloto

Attention impairment is a core cognitive deficit in schizophrenia. The aim of the present article was to assess the efficacy of an individualized attention training program, which focuses on selective attention and sustained attention. The sample was formed by 32 outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia, assigned to the experimental group or the control group. Attention, social functioning and subjective perception of cognitive deficits were assessed before and after training, and in a six-month follow up. In the post-treatment assessment, the experimental group patients obtained higher scores in attention, and in the isolation factor of the social functioning scale. There were no differences in the subjective perception of deficits. The attention training program proved effective in improving attention capacity as well as in some areas of social functioning; however, there were no changes in the subjective perception of their own deficits.
Interest group–party linkage in the twenty‐first century: Evidence from Denmark, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom

This article systematically investigates interest group–party interactions in the Netherlands, Denmark and the United Kingdom based on cross-national surveys with responses from 1,225 interest groups. The findings show that interest groups and parties still interact in the beginning of the twenty-first century, but that the vast majority of their interaction involves a low degree of institutionalisation. Using fractional logit analysis, it is demonstrated that the strength of interest group–party linkage is primarily affected by systematic differences in state–society structures and organisational group characteristics. Moreover, differences are found in what conditions different types of interaction. Whereas historical legacies and partisan origin influence an interest group's structural party links, group resources make interactions of a less institutionalised, ad hoc nature more likely.
Induction of Bcl-2 by functional regulation of G-protein coupled receptors protects from oxidative glutamate toxicity by increasing glutathione

Glutamate treatment depletes hippocampal HT22 cells of glutathione, which renders the cells incapable to reduce reactive oxygen species and ultimately cumulates in cell death by oxidative stress. HT22 cells resistant to glutamate displayed increased phosphorylation of cAMP-response-element binding (CREB) and decreased ERK1/2 suggestive of differences in signal transmission. We investigated the amount of candidate G-protein-coupled receptors involved in this resistance and found an increase in mRNA for receptors activated by the vasoactive intestinal peptide VIP (VPAC2, 12.6-fold) and glutamate like the metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu1 (5.3-fold). Treating cells with VIP and glutamate led to the same changes in protein phosphorylation observed in resistant cells and induced the proto-oncogene Bcl-2. Bcl-2 overexpression protected by increasing the amount of intracellular glutathione and Bcl-2 knockdown by small interfering RNAs (siRNA) increased glutamate susceptibility of resistant cells. Other receptors upregulated in this paradigm might represent useful targets in the treatment of neurological diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Intelligent Intrusion Detection in Computer Networks Using Fuzzy Systems

The Internet and computer networks are exposed to an increasing number of security threats. With new types of attacks appearing continually, developing flexible and adaptive security oriented approaches is a severe challenge. Intrusion detection is a significant focus of research in the security of computer systems and networks. The security of computer networks plays a strategic role in modern computer systems. In order to enforce high protection levels against threats, a number of software tools are currently developed. In this paper, we have focused on intrusion detection in computer networks by combination of fuzzy systems and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. Fuzzy rules are desirable because of their interpretability by human experts. PSO algorithm is employed as meta-heuristic algorithm to optimize the obtained set of fuzzy rules. Results on intrusion detection dataset from KDD-Cup99 show that the proposed approach would be capable of classifying instances with high accuracy rate in addition to adequate interpretability of extracted rules.
Asymptotics, frequency modulation, and low regularity ill-posedness for canonical defocusing equations

In a recent paper, Kenig, Ponce and Vega study the low regularity behavior of the focusing nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS), focusing modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV), and complex Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equations. Using soliton and breather solutions, they demonstrate the lack of local well-posedness for these equations below their respective endpoint regularities. In this paper, we study the defocusing analogues of these equations, namely defocusing NLS, defocusing mKdV, and real KdV, all in one spatial dimension, for which suitable soliton and breather solutions are unavailable. We construct for each of these equations classes of modified scattering solutions, which exist globally in time, and are asymptotic to solutions of the corresponding linear equations up to explicit phase shifts. These solutions are used to demonstrate lack of local well-posedness in certain Sobolev spaces, in the sense that the dependence of solutions upon initial data fails to be uniformly continuous. In particular, we show that the mKdV flow is not uniformly continuous in the L 2 topology, despite the existence of global weak solutions at this regularity. Finally, we investigate the KdV equation at the endpoint regularity H -¾ , and construct solutions for both the real and complex KdV equations. The construction provides a nontrivial time interval [- T, T ] and a locally Lipschitz continuous map taking the initial data in H -¾ to a distributional solution u ∈ C 0 ([- T, T ]; H -¾ ) which is uniquely defined for all smooth data. The proof uses a generalized Miura transform to transfer the existing endpoint regularity theory for mKdV to KdV.
The separation of synaptic vesicles from nerve-ending particles ('synaptosomes').

When brain tissue is homogenized in media iso-osmotic to plasma, the club-like presynaptic nerve endings resist disruption and are snapped or torn off from their attachments to form discrete particles (nerve-ending particles) in which all the main structural features of the nerve ending are preserved. For these particles we propose the name ' synaptosomes' in order to emphasize their relative homogeneity and their resemblance in physical properties to other subcellular organelles. They can be separated as a distinct fraction by differential and density-gradient centrifuging (Gray & Whit-Since acetylcholine is now well established, by all the classical criteria, as a central as well as a peripheral transmitter (for a review see Gaddum, 1961), it seems reasonable to conclude that the particle-bound acetylcholine and choline acetyltransferase of the fraction represent acetylcholine and enzyme localized within synaptosomes derived from chol-inergic neurones. Similarly, the 5-hydroxytrypt-amine and noradrenaline in this fraction are probably due to the presence of synaptosomes derived from neurones containing these amines. This view has been strengthened by the findings of Carlsson, Falck & Hillarp (1962), who have obtained histo-chemical evidence for the neuronal localization of these amines in the brain. The nerve endings and the synaptosomes derived from them have a complex fine structure when examined under the electron microscope with positive staining and thin sectioning (see review by Whittaker & Gray, 1962) or negative staining (Home & Whittaker, 1962). They are seen to consist (Plate 1 d) of thin-walled bags containing cytoplasm packed with synaptic granules or; frequently (though not in this example) one or more mitochondria are also present. The region of the post-synaptic membrane immediately adjacent to the ending is thickened; on homogenization it may remain adherent and accompany the synaptosome through the various steps of the fractionation procedure. Synaptic vesicles appear to be of at least three main kinds: 'hollow', 'dense-cored' and 'compound' (Plate 1 d). They have been proposed as the actual binding sites of transmitters within the nerve endings (De and as the morphological counterpart of the 'quantized' release of acetylcholine detected electrophysiologically (Fatt & Katz, 1952). The dense-cored vesicles are numerous in peripheral adrenergic nerve endings, and have there been proposed as the binding sites of noradrenaline. We have for some time been studying the disruption of synaptosomes with the object of obtaining , as separate fractions, synaptic vesicles, intraneuronal mitochondria, external and post-synaptic membranes and the soluble constituents of the nerve-ending cytoplasm for …
The Teacher’s Role in Classroom Discourse: A Review of Recent Research Into Mathematics Classrooms

Current curriculum initiatives in mathematics call for the development of classroom communities that take communication about mathematics as a central focus. In these proposals, mathematical discourse involving explanation, argumentation, and defense of mathematical ideas becomes a defining feature of a quality classroom experience. In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive and critical review of what it is that mathematics teachers actually do to deal with classroom discourse. Synthesizing the literature around a number of key themes, the authors critically assess the kinds of human infrastructure that promote mathematical discourse in the classroom and that allow students to achieve desirable outcomes. From the findings, they conclude with implications for teachers.
Popular Music in Audio-visual Advertising: A Study of the Roles and Functions of Lyrics in TV-commercials

The use of popular songs is one of the most common methods in connecting with the audience in mass advertising. Advertisers are in search for the right melody or a song that can best connect a product and a brand to consumers’ aspirations. The extant literature advocates the importance of a match or congruency between the song in the advertisement and a brand to avoid misinterpretation of the advertising message. Based on the analysis of 96 Levi’s TV commercials, the current study looked at how lyrics in popular music of TV commercials are used and how they fit with the overall brand message and related elements of the commercial.
Leadership and Satisfaction in Athletics

This study investigated (a) the differences between the offensive and defensive personnel of football teams in preferred leadership, perceived leadership, and satisfaction with leadership, and (b) the relationships among preferred and perceived leadership, their congruence, and satisfaction with leadership. The study employed hierarchical regression procedures to test the congruence hypothesis derived from the multidimensional model of leadership. The results showed that defensive players preferred and perceived greater amounts of democratic behavior, autocratic behavior, and social support than did offensive players. Also, the congruence of preferred and perceived leadership in the dimension of social support was critical to enhancing member satisfaction. On the other hand, perceived leadership (i.e., the actual behaviors) in training and instruction as well as positive feedback were stronger determinants of satisfaction with leadership than either the preferred leadership or the congruence of preferred .
Low Power Nonlinear Active Devices Based on Intrinsic Metal Nonlinearities

In this paper, we report a novel low-power nonlinear plasmonic nanoswitch mainly based on optical nonlinearity of centro-symmetric metals. We consider metal nonlinear terms including electrical and magnetic parts of Lorentz force and convective effect, due to the free electron mobility and Lorentz oscillator for bound electrons. We use hydrodynamic model for free electrons of metal to describe nonlinear terms that play more significant role in the second and third harmonic generation processes. We study the impact of each individual term. Our simulation results show that the convective term is much more effective than the others. We simulate the second harmonic generation of 2-D nanopillar and plasmonic switch by the 2-D finite difference time domain method. The required powers for exciting the intrinsic metal nonlinearities due to the free and bound electrons are less than those of other kinds of nonlinearities such as Kerr effect in dielectrics. In our nanoswitch, fundamental frequency as a pump signal controls each output ports and switching performance.
Eighteen-month-olds learn novel words through overhearing

The prototypical word learning situation in western, middle-class cultures is dyadic: an adult addresses a child directly, ideally in a manner sensitive to their current focus of attention. But young children also seem to learn many of their words in polyadic situations through overhearing. Extending the previous work of Akhtar and colleagues, in the current two studies we gave 18-month-old infants opportunities to acquire novel words through overhearing in situations that were a bit more complex: they did not socially interact with the adult who used the new word before the word learning situation began, and the way the adult used the new word was less transparent in that it was neither a naming nor a directive speech act. In both studies, infants learned words equally well (and above chance) whether they were directly addressed or had to eavesdrop on two adults. Almost from the beginning, young children employ diverse learning strategies for acquiring new words.
Neurofilament subunit NF-H modulates axonal diameter by selectively slowing neurofilament transport

To examine the mechanism through which neurofilaments regulate the caliber of myelinated axons and to test how aberrant accumulations of neurofilaments cause motor neuron disease, mice have been constructed that express wild-type mouse NF-H up to 4.5 times the normal level. Small increases in NF-H expression lead to increased total neurofilament content and larger myelinated axons, whereas larger increases in NF-H decrease total neurofilament content and strongly inhibit radial growth. Increasing NF-H expression selectively slow neurofilament transport into and along axons, resulting in severe perikaryal accumulation of neurofilaments and proximal axonal swellings in motor neurons. Unlike the situation in transgenic mice expressing modest levels of human NF-H (Cote, F., J.F. Collard, and J.P. Julien. 1993. Cell. 73:35-46), even 4.5 times the normal level of wild-type mouse NF-H does not result in any overt phenotype or enhanced motor neuron degeneration or loss. Rather, motor neurons are extraordinarily tolerant of wild-type murine NF-H, whereas wild-type human NF-H, which differs from the mouse homolog at > 160 residue positions, mediates motor neuron disease in mice by acting as an aberrant, mutant subunit.
Unrestricted and finite model reasoning in class-based representation formalisms

vii 1 Representing Structured Information 1 1.1 Semantic Networks and Frame Based Systems . 2 1.2 Description Logics . 2 1.3 Semantic Data Models . 5 1.4 Object-Oriented Data Models . 6 1.5 Goal of the Thesis and Main Results . 6 1.6 Structure of the Thesis . 8 2 Representing Intensional Knowledge by L-Schemata 9 2.1 Syntax and Semantics of L-Languages . 9 2.1.1 The Core Language (L0, L−) . 10 2.1.2 Disjunction (LU) . 11 2.1.3 Qualified Existential Quantification (LE) . 11 2.1.4 Number Restrictions (LN , LF , LQ) . 12 2.1.5 Inverse Attributes (LI) . 13 2.1.6 General Negation (LC) . 13 2.1. 7 Arbitrary Links (LL, LD, L∆, LV) . 14 2.1. 8 Structured Objects (LO) . 15 2.1. 9 Achieving Maximum Expressivity (LT , LT −) . 17 2.1.10 Summary . 17 2.2 L-Schemata . 20 2.2.1 Cycles in L-Schemata . 20 2.2.2 Primitive L-Schemata . 21 2.2.3 Free L-Schemata . 21 2.2.4 Summary and Examples . 21 2.3 Schema Level Reasoning . 23 2.3.1 Reasoning Services . 24 2.3.2 Equivalence of Schemata . 26 2.4 Finite versus Unrestricted Models . 27 3 Modeling Known Formalisms 29 3.1 Comparison with Description Logics . 29 3.2 Modeling Frame Based Systems . 30 3.2.1 Syntax of Frame Based Systems . 30 3.2.2 Semantics of Frame Based Systems . 31 3.2.3 Relationship between Frame Based Systems and L-Schemata . 32 3.3 Modeling Semantic Data Models . 34 3.3.1 Syntax of the Entity-Relationship Model . 34 3.3.2 Semantics of the Entity-Relationship Model . 36 3.3.3 Relationship between ER-Schemata and L-Schemata . 37