Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Can Climate Change Anxiety Induce Both Pro-Environmental Behaviours and Eco-Paralysis? The Mediating Role of General Self-Efficacy

While it has been shown that climate change anxiety (emotional distress response to climate change) can enhance pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) in some subjects, in others it can induce eco-paralysis, thus leading individuals to avoid any form of engagement in actions against climate change. This study aims to clarify which factors influence the relationship between climate change anxiety and the disposition to PEBs, focusing on the role of self-efficacy as a mediating factor. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 394 healthy subjects living in Italy who completed the Pro-Environmental Behaviours Scale (PEBS), the General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE), and the Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS). As a result, the mediation model showed a positive direct effect of the cognitive impairment subscale of CCAS on PEBS and an indirect negative effect of the cognitive impairment subscale of CCAS on PEBS mediated by GSE. These findings show that climate change anxiety has simultaneously two different effects on individuals: it directly encourages PEBs, and indirectly may have detrimental effects on PEBs such as eco-paralysis. Consequently, therapeutic approaches to treat climate change anxiety should not be aimed at rationalising irrational thoughts but rather at helping patients develop coping strategies such as PEBs which, in turn, foster self-efficacy.
The Electrical State of the Sun

The magnetic field due to the rotation of our galaxy is calculated, and it is shown (a) that electricity cannot be annihilated in the sun or stars; (b) that the net electrical charge on the sun or a typical star cannot exceed 1 coulomb. The electric fields, space-charge, and potentials of the solar atmosphere are calculated from data relating to the solar anomalous rotation and numerical values given. The negative surface charge on the sun is calculated to be of the order of 109 e.m. u. The problem of the maintenance of the solar electric field is touched upon. (The paper is published in full in Phys. Rev., v. 37, 983–989, April 15, 1931.)
THE RESOLUTION OF COMBINED EFFECTS, WITH APPLICATIONS TO GRAVITATIONAL AND MAGNETIC DATA

A simple but rigorous and quite general mathematical method is given for finding the minimum separation of two nearby bodies at which their observed combined effect indicates the presence of two separate bodies. Geophysical applications of the method are illustrated by investigating the resolution of gravity and torsion balance data for the two limiting cases of spheres and infinite horizontal cylinders, the resolution of the vertical magnetic intensity for infinite rectangular plugs, and the direct interpretation of the infinite horizontal rectangular block. The possible usefulness of such analysis in the selection of a geophysical field method and in the choice of station spacing is discussed.
Effects of Different Drying Methods on the Selenium Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Activity of Cardamine violifolia

Understanding the effects of drying on the selenium (Se) content and Se bioaccessibility of Se-rich plants is critical to dietary supplementation of Se. The effects of five common drying methods (far-infrared drying (FIRD), vacuum drying (VD), microwave vacuum drying (MVD), hot air drying (HD), and freeze vacuum drying (FD)) on the content and bioaccessibility of Se and Se species in Cardamine violifolia leaves (CVLs) were studied. The content of SeCys2 in fresh CVLs was the highest (5060.50 μg/g of dry weight (DW)); after FIRD, it had the lowest selenium loss, with a loss rate of less than 19%. Among all of the drying processes, FD and VD samples had the lowest Se retention and bioaccessibility. FIRD, VD, and FD samples have similar effects on antioxidant activity.
Microfabricated arrays of elastomeric posts to study cellular mechanics

We present an approach to fabricate an array of elastomer posts in order to dynamically measure the traction forces exerted by living cells on a surface with a micrometer lateral resolution. Arrays of closely spaced vertical microposts are made in silicone elastomer [poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)] by molding a Silicon substrate that has been machined by deep Si etching after standard photolithography. The surface of the micropillars was modified to allow cell culture. Deflections of the calibrated posts were dynamically followed by direct obervation with an optical microscope. By using this set-up, we could dynamically draw up a cartography of the local traction forces exerted by the cells.
OCT Findings in Patients with Methamphetamine Use Disorder

Purpose: In the present study, the purpose was to examine the results of optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements in patients diagnosed with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) by comparing them with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: A total of 114 eyes were evaluated in this study (27 patients and 30 control group participants). After detailed biomicroscopic examinations of all participants by the same ophthalmologist, both eyes were evaluated by OCT. The retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) and macular thickness were calculated from OCT. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected between the demographic data of the patient and control groups (p > 0.05). When OCT findings were evaluated, macular thickness and volume were not different between the groups (p > 0.05). With respect to RNFL, the left eye superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal quadrants, as well as the left eye’s total measurements were found to be thicker than those of controls (p < 0.05). In both eyes, the left eye nasal quadrant and APIS total score were negatively correlated, the total RNLF measurement of the right eye and APIS motivation subscale score were negatively correlated, central macular thickness and the APIS motivation subscale score were positively correlated, and the APIS substance use characteristics subscale score and left eye temporal quadrant RNLF measurement were positively correlated. Conclusion: Our study is the first to evaluate addiction severity and OCT findings in MUD. However, this study needs to be supported by further studies so that OCT findings, which can be used as an effective method for demonstrating possible neurodegeneration in methamphetamine use disorder, gain importance.
Evaluating a Framework for Implementing IT Governance in Uganda's Higher Institutions of Learning

The reliance on IT in day-to-day organization activities raises concern about how to deal with its increasing complexity. Managing IT necessitates implementing IT governance to realize the benefits of IT use. However, there is a lack of suitable frameworks to implement IT governance. For higher institutions of learning (HILs) in Uganda, the case is not different; hence, there is need to provide a framework to implement IT governance in Uganda's HILs. This paper therefore applies design science research principles to evaluate a framework for implementing IT governance in HILs in the context of Uganda. It was mainly achieved using a previous study in this environment as a basis. Framework evaluation was conducted using case study and expert opinion methods. Contrarily, the evaluation criteria was based on the framework understandability, ease of use, usefulness, and completeness. Results from the evaluation showed the framework satisfactorily implements IT governance in Uganda's HILs.
Taxonomic revision of the genus Delorhachis Karsch 1896 (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae)

ABSTRACT This paper presents the first comprehensive revision of the Afrotropical genus Delorhachis Karsch, 1896. Through the utilisation of integrative taxonomic methods (external morphology, dissections of genitalia and DNA barcoding), we distinguish five species groups within the genus and herein describe 11 new species and one new subspecies: D. meyi sp. nov., D. nimbaensis sp. nov., D. pallidifascia sp. nov., D. parvinota sp. nov., D. smithi sp. nov., D. wetzelae sp. nov., D. wetzelae shambaa ssp. nov., D. manuelae sp. nov., D. tommasoi sp. nov., D. bakossi sp. nov., D. baaka sp. nov., and D. zambica sp. nov. We also remove D. charopa Bethune-Baker, 1909 stat. rev. from synonymy with D. viridiplaga Karsch, 1896. Several new taxonomic combinations are proposed: Chrysamma syntomoctena Tams, 1929 is transferred to Delorhachis (D. syntomoctena (Tams, 1929) comb. nov.) and Delorhachis amator Hering, 1928, D. amica Hering, 1928 and D. purpurea Hering, 1928 are transferred to Miresa (M. amator (Hering, 1928) comb. nov., M. amica (Hering, 1928) comb. nov., and M. purpurea (Hering, 1928) comb. nov.). Delorhachis schultzei Aurivillius, 1905 is synonymised with Hilipoda gravidipes Karsch, 1896 syn. nov. Miresa strigivena Hampson, 1910 is synonymised with D. nigrivenosa Karsch, 1896 syn. nov. Delorhachis denisae Dufrane, 1945 and Chrysamma erythrochrysa Tams, 1929 are synonymised with M. purpurea syn. nov. The females of D. viridiplaga and D. charopa and the male of D. chlorodaedala Tams, 1929 are described and illustrated for the first time. DNA barcodes were obtained for 55 specimens representing 14 taxa, and analyses were performed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches; a tree resulting from the latter is provided. Pairwise distances of barcodes between taxa are provided where available. The adults and genitalia of all taxa, their habitats and distribution are illustrated in 182 colour figures and five distribution maps. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0DED3725-84D8-4F0B-9219-F0EB25671194
A sequential conjugate gradient method for the stable numerical solution to inverse heat conduction problems

In this paper we propose a new numerical method for solving noncharacteristic Cauchy problems (NCCPs) for parabolic equations, namely a time-stepping sequential variant of the conjugate gradient method (CGM). In contrast to other related papers, we do not assume that the initial condition is given. Moreover, we allow that the coefficients in the parabolic equations are nonsmooth and may depend on time. The purpose of this paper is to present the method and to show a few numerical results. A detailed analysis of the method will be carried out in a forthcoming paper. The CGM itself applied to linear ill-posed problems has optimal regularization properties as it is shown by Nemirovskii [23]. Our sequential variant of the CGM proceeds similarly to the well-known Beck method (see [3]). It computes the solution of the associated direct problems only in a short time interval of – say – r time steps but takes, as a result, only the solution at the next (discrete) time. The latter is then used as the starting valu.
Effects of Core Training on Sport-Specific Performance of Athletes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Improving athletes’ performance is a major topic of interest in studies on competitive sports. Core training has been used as a training method in daily life and rehabilitation, and recently, in competitive sports, with positive results. Previous experimental studies showed that core training can improve the fitness level of athletes (e.g., balance, core stability, etc.), but offer no consistent conclusions on whether it can improve sport-specific performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of core training on the sport-specific performance of athletes through a meta-analysis. Relevant studies on randomized controlled trials were selected, and we calculated the effect size using standardized mean difference values and the random effects model. Results showed that core training had almost no effect on athletes’ power and speed, while agility showed a medium effect size but no statistical significance. On the other hand, there was a large effect on general athletic performance, such as core endurance and balance. Consequently, core training had a great effect on the core endurance and balance of athletes, but little effect on sport-specific performance. This result implies that more elaborate core training programs should be designed to improve the sport-specific performance of athletes.
Fair compensation of crowdsourcing work: the problem of flat rates

ABSTRACT Compensating crowdworkers for their research participation often entails paying a flat rate to all participants, regardless of the amount of time they spend on the task or skill level. If the actual time required varies considerably between workers, flat rates may yield unfair compensation. To study this matter, we analyzed three survey studies with varying complexity. Based on the United Kingdom minimum wage and actual task completion times, we found that more than 3 in 4 (76.5%) of the crowdworkers studied were paid more than the intended hourly wage, and around one in four (23.5%) was paid less than the intended hourly wage when using a flat rate compensation model based on estimated completion time. The results indicate that the popular flat rate model falls short as a form of equitable remuneration, when perceiving fairness in the form of compensating one’s time. Flat rate compensation would not be problematic if the workers’ completion times were similar, but this is not the case in reality, as skills and motivation can vary. To overcome this problem, the study proposes three alternative compensation models: Compensation by Normal Distribution, Multi-Objective Fairness, and Post-Hoc Bonuses.
Does maximum emotional intelligence facilitate team organizational citizenship behaviors: A perspective of integrating strategic core roles and multilevel theory

Abstract This study examines how maximum emotional intelligence (EI) members can contribute to the emergence of team-level organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). Based on integrating a strategic core role and multilevel theory, we developed and tested a model in which the maximum EI score in teams results in intrateam trust and consequently impacts team OCB and examined whether the indirect effect of maximum EI on team OCB through intrateam trust would be moderated by EI diversity and trust divergence in teams. The results from 129 project teams showed that the relationship of maximum EI with team OCB is mediated by intrateam trust and this relationship is stronger for lower levels of EI diversity and trust divergence than for higher levels of diversity and divergence. The findings advance our understanding of the role of EI in team settings. Our research has important implications for organizations attempting to develop the applied value of EI.
Fall Detection Based on Parallel 2DCNN-CBAM With Radar Multidomain Representations

With the rapid development of population aging, fall detection based on the radar manifests great application value in the field of medicine and health. Focusing on the problem of the false alarm and missing alarm during the detection, this article proposes a fall detection method based on the parallel 2-D convolutional neural network and convolutional block attention module (2DCNN-CBAM) with radar multidomain representations. Specifically, the means makes use of pulse compression, Doppler-fast Fourier transform (FFT), capon beamforming, and target status update to form four types of representations in different domains from the radar echo signal for the purpose of constituting the multidomain representations, and then, the images are sent into the parallel 2DCNN-CBAM for recognition. According to the network structure in this article, the parallel 2DCNN is utilized to extract the characteristics from the corresponding type of representation independently, and then, the extracted features are screened and optimized by the CBAM that is connected to the corresponding 2DCNN in series. Finally, the features in representations are fused to realize the multidomain characterization of the target behavior, which is able to enhance the classification rate. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed method can effectively decrease the probability of false alarm and missing alarm. Besides, the proposed methodology improves the average accuracy of five typical human behaviors by at least 4.2% and promotes the classification rate of fall by at least 2.2% compared with other contrastive methods.
Single-Inductor Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output Converter for CubeSats Electric Power System

State-of-the-art CubeSat electric power system (EPS) architectures employ multiple dc-dc converters to regulate the load voltage and maximize the solar energy harvest. However, this leads to the use of multiple bulky inductors in the CubeSat EPS which is much constrained by strict volume and weight restrictions. With the aim of achieving smaller EPS footprint, this paper presents a new single-inductor based multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) converter for CubeSat EPS. The operational principles of the proposed converter and its steady-state analysis are discussed, and converter modeling is performed. A control strategy is developed to achieve voltage regulation of the CubeSat loads and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for the photovoltaic (PV) panels under a wide-range of irradiation conditions. An experimental prototype based on the 1 U CubeSat specifications is developed to validate the performance of the proposed MIMO converter.
Assessment of digital maturity: the role of resources and capabilities in digital transformation in B2B firms

Digital transformation is a major organisational challenge for manufacturing firms due to the extremely low success rate of such transformations to date. Capability Maturity theory suggests that firms need to develop digital transformation capability incrementally by focusing on a ‘vital few’ improvement priorities for advancing progress. The practitioner literature lacks empirical studies that validate extant capability maturity models (CMM) for digital transformation despite their importance. Moreover, there is a lack of assessment methods, and those that exist do not specify improvement points explicitly, nor prioritise them. Our research aims to address this gap through a systematic, quantitative analysis of digital capability by understanding the deployment of IT-enabled resources. Based on a sample of 302 manufacturing firms, results indicate that the digital transformation stages are punctuated by various resource-capability combinations. Results highlight that strategy- and organisation-related IT-enabled resources are the key drivers of digital transformation. We also observe that as a firm’s digital capability grows at each maturity stage, successively greater IT-enabled resources are required to support this in a stepwise function. To succeed, firms should be incentivised and supported to think beyond technology and develop five specific digital capabilities simultaneously. We also indicate the limitations that underlie our empirical work.
Optical emission from shock waves. I. Abundances in N49

From models of plane-parallel radiating shock waves and the observations of Osterbrock and Dufour, the abundances of oxygen, nitrogen, neon and sulfur (and indirectly, or carbon) are derived for the Large Magellanic Cloud supernova remnant N49. These are somewhat smaller than solar values, and it is concluded that the discrepancies between these and values derived for the LMC H II regions reflect the composition of ''ice'' grains with low sublimation temperatures which are destroyed in the supernova event. (AIP)
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Promotes Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases 1 and 3 in Spinal Cord Astrocytes following Gecko Tail Amputation.

BACKGROUND The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that play a variety of physiological and pathological roles in development, remodeling of tissues and diseases, mainly through degradation of various components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Particularly, the MMPs have increasingly been found to mediate neuropathology following spinal cord injury (SCI). Proinflammatory mediators are potent activators of the MMPs. However, how the spinal cord regenerative vertebrates circumvent MMPs-mediated neuropathogenesis following SCI remains unclear. METHODS Following the establishment of gecko tail amputation model, the correlation of MMP-1 (gMMP-1) and MMP-3 (gMMP-3) expression with that of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in gecko (gMIF) was assayed by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Transcriptome sequencing of primary astrocytes was performed to analyze the intracellular signal transduction of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The effects of MMP-1 and MMP-3 induced by MIF on astrocyte migration were assessed by transwell migration assay. RESULTS The expression of gMIF significantly increased at lesion site of the injured cord, in parallel with those of gMMP-1 and gMMP-3 in the gecko astrocytes (gAS). Transcriptome sequencing and in vitro cell model revealed that gMIF efficiently promoted the expression of gMMP-1 and gMMP-3 in gAS, which in turn contributed to the migration of gAS. Inhibition of gMIF activity following gecko SCI remarkably attenuated astrocytic expression of the two MMPs, and further influenced gecko tail regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Gecko SCI following tail amputation promoted production of gMIF, which induced the expression of gMMP-1 and gMMP-3 in gAS. The gMIF-mediated gMMP-1 and gMMP-3 expression was involved in gAS migration and successful tail regeneration.
AMPLIFICATION PHENOMENA UNDER CHAOTIC DRIVING IN A MODEL OF CHEMICAL CHAOS

Certain chaotic systems can exhibit phenomena of signal amplification when they are subjected to unidirectional chaotic driving. By studying a particular model, it is shown how this behavior is tied to system invariance properties under a particular type of continuous transformation. Such amplification phenomena can be uniformly stable, or asymptotically stable depending on the coupling arrangement. In the first case the degree of amplification is determined by the initial conditions, while in the second it is tunable from the driving arrangement.
Effect of thermal lens on beam quality and mode matching in LD pumped Er–Yb-codoped phosphate glass microchip laser

The theoretical values of the thermal focal length and laser beam waist are derived from the theoretical model and transformation theory, respectively. The values of thermal focal length, laser beam waist and the far field divergence angle were experimentally measured in a laser diode (LD) pumped erbium–ytterbium(Er–Yb)-codoped phosphate microchip glass laser. As an extension of thermal effect studies, we investigate the role of thermal lens on beam quality and the mode matching between the pump and the laser, which affects laser efficiency in TEM00 operation. The study shows that the experimental data are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.