Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study of Hemodynamics and Coronary Blood Flow in Man with Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary blood flow was measured by the nitrous oxide method, and cardiac output was measured by the Fick principle, in a series of 31 human subjects with the clinical diagnosis of angina pectoris. Coronary arteriography was carried out on the same subjects as a part of the same procedure, and the extent and severity of the coronary artery lesions was determined. A numerical value was assigned to the severity of the coronary artery disease, an attempt was made to correlate the severity of coronary artery disease with the measured coronary blood flow and with various hemodynamic parameters which traditionally describe the systemic and pulmonary circulation. There was no correlation between any of the parameters measured and the severity of coronary artery disease demonstrated by angiography. It is concluded, therefore, that the nitrous oxide method for measuring coronary blood flow is not helpful in separating subjects with normal coronary arteries from those with coronary artery disease, nor are resting hemodynamic observations helpful.Maximum flow through the coronary arteries of the dog heart was measured by postmortem perfusion. This flow rate is sufficient to provide a considerable factor of safety as far as constriction of the major coronary arteries is concerned. If these data are extrapolated to the coronary vessels of man, it would seem that a very large “safety factor” exists, and this may explain why severe coronary disease is not revealed by studies of coronary blood flow.
Degenerative patterns in the aging human vestibular neuro-epithelia.

Quantitative analyses of the vestibular hair cell populations from individuals of different ages were performed using the surface specimen technique. There is as much as a 20% reduction of the hair cell populations of the maculae with increasing age. The conesponding figure of the reduction found in the cristae ampullares from old individusls is about 40 %. In macula utriculi a pronoanced degezeration is found in a small, medial area. Otherwise, the reduction is uniform throughout the macultl, as is also the case with macula sacculi. The cristae ampullares exhibit a more pronounced degeneration in a central area on the summit of the cristae than in the periphery. It has been shown by other authors that there is a reduced vestibular excitability in old Feople. The effect on equilibrium of the vestibnlar degeneration described in this paper is difficult to establish, but there is every reason to believe that there is an interrclation between sensory cell loss and reduced vestibular excitability.
Bowel Perforation After Placement of Tubal Occlusion Contraceptive

BACKGROUND: The tubal occlusion contraceptive provides a hysteroscopic technique for female sterilization. Efficacy of the tubal occlusion contraceptive relies on proper placement within the proximal aspect of the fallopian tubes. As long-term data become available, rates of complications are better defined. CASE: This is a case of a patient who underwent placement of a tubal occlusion contraceptive. As a result of persistent pain and nausea, imaging was performed and malposition of the tubal occlusion contraceptive was identified. During laparoscopy, bowel perforation at the terminal ileum was diagnosed. Laparoscopic ileocecectomy was performed. CONCLUSION: There should be a low threshold for evaluation of complications after tubal occlusion contraceptive placement. Although rare, bowel perforation after placement of the tubal occlusion contraceptive can occur. Laparoscopic management should be considered.
Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum: addressing fundamental questions in bacteriology sixty years on from the 9R vaccine

ABSTRACT Sixty years on from Smith’s seminal work on Fowl Typhoid vaccines, there is renewed interest in experimental avian salmonellosis and in particular the use of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum as a tool to understand key features of bacterial evolution and host adaptation. In this short review we outline some of the recent advances in avian salmonellosis research that have coupled both the power of whole genome analysis and new tools to understand the host response to existing experimental infection models. These approaches are underpinning a fundamental understanding of Salmonella biology relevant to both the chicken and other avian and mammalian species.
Relation Graphs and Partial Clones on a 2-Element Set

In a recent paper, the authors show that the sublattice of partial clones that preserve the relation {(0,0),(0,1),(1,0)} is of continuum cardinality on 2. In this paper we give an alternative proof to this result by making use of a representation of relations derived from {(0,0),(0,1),(1,0)} in terms of certain types of graphs. As a by-product, this tool brings some light into the understanding of the structure of this uncountable sublattice of strong partial clones.
Accuracy and reproducibility of the measurement of actively circulating blood volume with an integrated fiberoptic monitoring system.

OBJECTIVE Bedside monitoring of circulating blood volume has become possible with the introduction of an integrated fiberoptic monitoring system that calculates blood volume from the changes in blood concentration of indocyanine green dye 4 mins after injection. The aim of this investigation was to compare the blood volume estimate of the integrated fiberoptic monitoring system (group 1) with the standard methods of blood volume measurement using Evans blue (group 2), and indocyanine green measured photometrically (group 3). DESIGN Prospective laboratory study. SETTING Animal laboratory of a University's institute for experimental surgery. SUBJECTS Eleven anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated piglets. INTERVENTIONS A central venous catheter was used for the injection of the indicator dyes (Evans blue and indocyanine green). A fiberoptic thermistor catheter was advanced into the thoracic aorta. The fiberoptic catheter detects indocyanine green by reflection densitometry for the estimation of blood volume of the integrated fiberoptic monitoring system. Samples for the determination of Evans blue and indocyanine green concentrations were drawn from an arterial catheter in the femoral artery over a period of 17 mins after injection. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Measurements were performed during normovolemia, hypovolemia (blood withdrawal of < or = 30 mL/kg), and hypervolemia (retransfusion of the withdrawn blood plus an infusion of 10% hydroxyethyl starch [45 mL/kg]). Linear regression, correlation, and bias were calculated for the comparison of the blood volume estimates by the fiberoptic monitoring system (group 1) vs. the total blood volume estimates using Evans blue (group 2) and indocyanine green (group 3): group 1 = 0.82. group 2-26 mL; r2 = 82.71%; r = . 91; n = 40; group 1-group 2 +/- 1 SD = -435 +/- 368 mL; group 1 = 0.79. group 3 + 50 mL; r2 = 74.81%; r = . 87; n = 28; group 1-group 3 +/- 1 SD = -506 +/- 374 mL. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that the blood volume estimate of the fiberoptic monitoring system (group 1) correlates closely with the total blood volume measurement using Evans blue (group 2) and indocyanine green (group 3). Trapped indicator in the packed red cell column after centrifugation of the blood samples may account for an overestimation of group 2 and group 3 of approximately 10% to 14%, but there still remains a proportional difference of 10% between group 1 vs. group 2 and vs. group 3. This difference is due to the longer mixing times of group 3 (16 mins) and group 2 (17 mins), during which they are distributed in slowly exchanging blood pools. It seems that the blood volume estimate of the fiberoptic monitoring system (group 1) represents the actively circulating blood volume and may be useful for bedside monitoring.
The Impact of Multiple Traumatic Victimization on Disclosure and Coping Mechanisms for Black Women

The experiences and impact of sexual victimization are often complex, with recent research suggesting the need for deeper consideration of how sexual assault coupled with additional stressors may affect Black women’s disclosure of sexual assault and their coping strategies. Utilizing Black feminist criminology as a theoretical framework, we conducted a narrative case analysis of qualitative interviews with nine Black women to understand how multiple traumatic events impact their disclosure and coping patterns. The findings of this study show the need for scholars and policy makers to address these unique issues faced by Black women.
Nonperturbative renormalization group for Einstein gravity with matter

We investigate the exact renormalization group (RG) in Einstein gravity coupled to N-component scalar field, working in the effective average action formalism and background field method. The truncated evolution equation is obtained for the Newtonian and cosmological constants. We have shown that screening or antiscreening behaviour of the gravitational coupling depends crucially on the choice of scalar-gravitational coupling ξ and the number of scalar fields.
Characterization of an Isogenic Mutant ofStreptococcus pyogenes Manfredo Lacking the Ability To Make Streptococcal Acid Glycoprotein

ABSTRACT An isogenic mutant of Streptococcus pyogenes Manfredo that lacks the ability to make streptococcal acid glycoprotein (SAGP) has been constructed by inserting a deletion in the sagpgene using the method of allelic exchange. An assay of cell extracts (CE) prepared from the wild-type and mutant Manfredo strains for the enzyme arginine deiminase (AD) showed that significant activity was present in wild-type CE but none could be detected in mutant CE. These findings confirm our earlier conclusion that SAGP has AD activity (B. A. Degnan, J. M. Palmer, T. Robson, C. E. D. Jones, M. Fischer, M. Glanville, G. D. Mellor, A. G. Diamond, M. A. Kehoe, and J. A. Goodacre, Infect. Immun. 66:3050–3058, 1998). Wild-type CE but not mutant CE potently inhibited human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation in response to phytohemagglutinin, and this inhibition was overcome by the addition ofl-arginine to proliferation assay mixtures. Invasion assays showed that the isogenic mutant organisms lacking SAGP, and thus AD activity, were between three and five times less able to enter epithelial cells (Hep-2C and A549) than were the wild-type streptococci. Both wild-type and mutant S. pyogenesbacteria were extremely sensitive to low pH. However,l-arginine (1 mM or above) significantly increased the viability of the wild type but not the isogenic mutant organisms under acidic conditions. The difference in acid susceptibility between wild-type and mutant bacteria may explain the reduced capacity of the isogenic mutant bacteria to invade and survive intracellularly.
Towards the automatic optimisation of procedural content generators

Procedural generation is important to modern game development as both an artistic implement and an engineering tool. However, developing procedural generators and understanding how they work are both difficult tasks, and even more so for novice developers. In this paper we describe Danesh, a tool to help in analysing, changing and exploring procedural content generators. In particular, we describe several features in Danesh which help a user optimise their procedural generator towards a certain kind of output by automatically changing parameters and evaluating the effect it has on the generator. We compare different approaches to these tasks and describe our future intentions for Danesh's automated features.
Secret Transmission: A Relative Intimacy Hypothesis

The transmission of another’s secret is likened to self-disclosure, and further predictions are set forth based on a relative intimacy hypothesis. This hypothesis maintains that individuals will be more likely to transmit private information gathered from a lower-level intimate to a higher-level intimate (upward transmission) rather than from a higher-level intimate to a lower-level intimate (downward transmission). This pattern of behavior also is predicted to be normatively enforced. Results of three studies support these assertions. Participants were more likely to communicate upward rather than downward in both imagined (Study 1) and actual (Study 2) instances of secret transmission. In addition, individuals in Study 3 evaluated a secret relayer more negatively when he or she passed the secret from a higher-level intimate to a lower-level intimate.
Syntactic Type Soundness Results for the Region Calculus

The region calculus of Tofte and Talpin is a polymorphically typed lambda calculus with annotations that make memory allocation and deallocation explicit. It is intended as an intermediate language for implementing Hindley-Milner typed functional languages such as ML without traditional trace-based garbage collection. Static region and effect inference can be used to annotate a statically typed ML program with memory management primitives. Soundness of the calculus with respect to the region and effect system is crucial to guarantee safe deallocation of regions, i.e., deallocation should only take place for objects, which are probably dead. The original soundness proof by Tofte and Taplin required a complex co-inductive safety relation. In this paper, we present two small-stop operational semantics for the region calculus and prove their type soundness with respect to the region and effect system. Following the standard syntactic approach of Wright, Felleisen, and Harper, we obtain simple inductive proofs. The first semantics is store-less. It is simple and elegant and gives rise to perspicuous proofs. The second semantics provides a store-based model for the region calculus. Albeit slightly more complicated, its additional expressiveness allows us to model operations on references with destructive update. A pure fragment of both small-step semantics is then proven equivalent to the original big-step operational approach t Tofte and Taplin. This leads to an n alternative soundness proof for their evaluation-style formulation.
Miscibility and influence on each other of a UV photo-initiated thermosetting polymer blend of radical and cationic systems

Lefebvre, Kevin, "Miscibility and influence on each other of a UV photo-initiated thermosetting polymer blend of radical and cationic systems" (2013). Thermoset blends engage an interest into polymer materials using photopolymerization. Our work is inscribed within a project which consists to control the degree of crosslinking in three dimensions during UV photo-curing. Two different reaction mechanisms were considered to enlarge the control of properties. The goal of this thesis was to check the miscibility between two thermosetting polymers using radical and cationic chemical mechanisms. Then their influence on each other was studied by thermal analysis. The experimental system was Bisphenol A propoxylate diacrylate for the radical curing and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3,4-cyclohexanecarboxylate for the cationic. They were initiated by 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone and Triarylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate salts mixed respectively. Several polymer blends were manufactured and influence of weight proportions and process temperature were studied. As a result, high thermal stability and properties were determined and homogeneity of these materials was verified by Thermogravimetric Analysis. Differential Scanning Calorimetry showed that thermal properties of blended materials didn't follow any linear blending law. It was also noticed that the temperature needs to be highly considered. The cationic resin, which used to be post-cured to reach a high degree of curing, was highly cured at 80°C. But the radical network, which used to crosslink very fast at ambient temperature, didn't fully cure. We concluded that some interactions occur between the two systems but the presence of Interpenetrating Polymer Networks was not confirmed. iii Acknowledgments I would like to thank everyone who helped me and shared my life during my master's degree. My first personal acknowledgment goes to Dr. Tan. Li, there is no word to express you all my thankfulness, gratitude and respect. Even though we sometimes had a hard time to get along together, I truly appreciated your advices and your way to share your experience. Thank you for helping me to find myself and get more self-confident. Dr. Negahban, thank you for your directions, your help and your reassurance all along my experience in your department. Dr. Saiter, I can never thank you enough for allowing and pushing me to take part of this program. This amazing experience made me more open-minded and grown up. To Dr. Delpouve, thank you so much for your managing, your patience and sharing your passion. Your directions helped me to be more organized and enjoy my work better. Thank you to …
International Trade and Retailing

The New Trade Theory predicts that international trade lowers prices for consumers and expands the choices available to them. This study shows that both predictions may no longer hold once adjustments in the retail sector are taken into account. I present a new model of retailing in general equilibrium and explore its implications for a number of different shocks. The results demonstrate that retail assortments may remain constant if consumers have a low preference for diversity, and that consumer prices can even rise if the retail density is sufficiently low.
Evaluating Healthcare Reform: The Challenge of Evaluating Changing Policy Environments

Evaluators in the health sector struggle to develop effective mechanisms with which to evaluate healthcare reform programmes. Evaluation of these programmes is difficult because they are entangled in complex, inherently political processes and often shift away from their original aims and objectives as a result of policy changes within the health system. This article describes the evaluation of a healthcare reform process occurring in South Australia and discusses some of the methodological challenges encountered in evaluating a case study of continuous change with shifting policy objectives. It describes how the evaluators have attempted to address these challenges through a flexible and dynamic action-research approach. The article concludes by discussing the role of the evaluator, as intelligent observer, in reflecting on and documenting change in the highly political and complex field of healthcare reform.
Middle managers as followers and leaders

This small-scale but unusual research compares middle managers in three very different settings: heads of department in schools, warrant officers in the armed services, and managers of hotel facilities. It sets out templates for comparing and contrasting their functions in the middle management role. It deals with middle managers' abilities to relate to followers in order to maximise institutional effectiveness
The Ewing's sarcoma EWS/FLI-1 fusion gene encodes a more potent transcriptional activator and is a more powerful transforming gene than FLI-1

EWS/FLI-1 is a chimeric protein formed by a tumor-specific 11;22 translocation found in both Ewing's sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood. EWS/FLI-1 has been shown to be a potent transforming gene, suggesting that it plays an important role in the genesis of these human tumors. We now demonstrate that EWS/FLI-1 has the characteristics of an aberrant transcription factor. Subcellular fractionation experiments localized the EWS/FLI-1 protein to the nucleus of primitive neuroectodermal tumor cells. EWS/FLI-1 specifically bound in vitro an ets-2 consensus sequence similarly to normal FLI-1. When coupled to a GAL4 DNA-binding domain, the amino-terminal EWS/FLI-1 region was a much more potent transcriptional activator than the corresponding amino-terminal domain of FLI-1. Finally, EWS/FLI-1 efficiently transformed NIH 3T3 cells, but FLI-1 did not. These data suggest that EWS/FLI-1, functioning as a transcription factor, leads to a phenotype dramatically different from that of cells expressing FLI-1. EWS/FLI-1 could disrupt normal growth and differentiation either by more efficiently activating FLI-1 target genes or by inappropriately modulating genes normally not responsive to FLI-1.
Client Satisfaction With Mental Health Treatment

This article critically assesses the evaluation of consumer satisfaction in mental health treatment settings. Methodological problems addressed include uniformity myths, inclu sion of items not measuring satisfaction, ambiguity in response alternatives, lack of precision in the use of terminology, failure to distinguish dissatisfaction and lack of satisfaction, failure to sufficiently probe, poor psychometric practice, the absence of accepted measures, failure to identify norms for satisfaction, lack of control over proce dure, sampling bias, biasing responses, the lack of variability in responses, and primitive design , analyses, and reporting. Consumer satisfaction emerges as an important indicator of the quality of care, but one that must be interpreted with caution.
Contrasting the genetic architecture of 30 complex traits from summary association data

Variance components methods that estimate the aggregate contribution of large sets of variants to the heritability of complex traits have yielded important insights into the disease architecture of common diseases. Here, we introduce new methods that estimate the total variance in trait explained by a single locus in the genome (local heritability) from summary GWAS data while accounting for linkage disequilibrium (LD) among variants. We apply our new estimator to ultra large-scale GWAS summary data of 30 common traits and diseases to gain insights into their local genetic architecture. First, we find that common SNPs have a high contribution to the heritability of all studied traits. Second, we identify traits for which the majority of the SNP heritability can be confined to a small percentage of the genome. Third, we identify GWAS risk loci where the entire locus explains significantly more variance in the trait than the GWAS reported variants. Finally, we identify 55 loci that explain a large proportion of heritability across multiple traits.
Engulfment during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis is governed by a multi‐protein complex containing tandemly acting autolysins

The conversion of a growing cell into an endospore in Bacillus subtilis involves a phagocytic‐like process in which the developing spore (the forespore) is wholly engulfed by the adjacent mother cell. A prerequisite for engulfment is the removal of peptidoglycan from the septum that separates the forespore from the mother cell, a process that depends on the autolysin SpoIID and two proteins of unknown function, SpoIIM and SpoIIP. Here we present evidence that SpoIIP is also an autolysin, that it acts in tandem with SpoIID, and that all three proteins are in a complex with each other. We further show that the members of the complex exhibit a hierarchical relationship in which SpoIIM is responsible for localization to the septal membrane, SpoIIP localizes to the septal membrane by interacting with SpoIIM, and SpoIID, in turn, localizes by interacting with SpoIIP. Finally, we show that localization of SpoIIM depends on a fourth protein SpoIIB, raising the possibility that the complex contains an additional component and creating an overall hierarchy of the form: SpoIIB→SpoIIM→SpoIIP→SpoIID.