Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and management of first-aid skills between medical and non-medical students at King Saud University

Objectives: The study aims to determine the knowledge of first-aid management in medical and non-medical students and how they will act in certain situations. Methods: A cross-sectional study has been conducted on a convenience sampling of 375 (medical and non-medical) students. The research proposal was approved by the IRB Committee of King Saud University. The data has been obtained randomly by a validated questionnaire in a sample of 381 participants. The questionnaire had items related to knowledge and management of first-aid skills. The study was conducted from August 2020 to May 2021 in King Saud University. Results: The participants in the current study were medical (53.02%) and non-medical students (46.98%). Overall results showed that all students possessed a good knowledge of first-aid management, but medical students possessed more knowledge in comparison to non-medical students. The awareness of students related to first-aid management was found to be 32.02% 'high', 56.43% 'middle' and 11.54% 'low'. Moreover, results illustrated that medical students are more interested to attend first-aid courses than non-medical students by 60.4% and 43.6% respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed the participants' knowledge and management were not adequate. A statistically significant association was found between being a medical student and having a high level of knowledge about first aid. Awareness campaigns must be conducted to increase awareness among the non-medical community about first-aid knowledge, and how it is essential for every individual.
Analyzing Natural Language Knowledge Uncertainty

The article considers an overview of means for describing and formally denoting natural language text knowledge within uncertainty. We consider the family of classic attribute languages and logics based on them, their properties, problems, and means of reasoning over them. Based on the considered logical constructions, we describe the syntax and set-theory interpretation of n-ary description logic (DL) that provides a means for describing concept intersection, union, complement, value restrictions, and qualitative and quantitative constraints. We consider means for solving key problems of reasoning over such logics: executability, augmentation, equivalence, disjunctivity, and an algorithm for calculation of executability degree.
PRODUCTION OF BLAZED HOLOGRAMS

The concept of the blazed hologram as a special case of the Denisyuk hologram is discussed. Experimental production of blazed holograms is described. Blazed diffraction gratings, a form of blazed hologram, have been produced with 73% of the diffracted light concentrated in one first‐order maximum.
Melatonin Mitigates iNOS-Related Effects of HEMA and Camphorquinone in Human Dental Pulp Cells: Relevance for Postoperative Sensitivity Mechanism in Type 2 Diabetes

High elution and diffusion of 2-hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and camphorquinone (CQ) through dentinal tubules may induce pulp injury and postoperative sensitivity. We aimed to investigate the melatonin protective effect in HEMA- and CQ-treated human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) as well as its relevance in a mechanism for postoperative sensitivity in diabetic patients. hDPCs were exposed to HEMA (5 mM) and/or CQ (1 mM) in the absence and presence of melatonin (MEL) (0.1 mM and 1 mM). Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), NADPH oxidase-4 (NOX4), BCL-2-associated X-protein (BAX), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and caspase-3 (CASP3) gene expression levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in hDPCs while inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and melatonin protein expression were measured in human dental pulp as well, by RT-PCR, by ELISA, and spectrophotometrically. Bioinformatic analyses were performed by using the ShinyGO (v.0.75) application. Type 2 diabetic patients showed a higher incidence of postoperative sensitivity and lower melatonin and higher iNOS content in dental pulp tissue compared with non-diabetic patients. Melatonin, when co-added in hDPC culture, reverses HEMA and CQ cytotoxic effects via anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory/antioxidant iNOS-related effects. Enrichment analyses showed that genes/proteins, altered by HEMA and CQ and normalized by melatonin, are the most prominently overrepresented in type 2 diabetes mellitus pathways and that they share subcellular localization in different oligomeric protein complexes consisting of anti- and pro-apoptotic regulators. This is the first evidence of the ability of melatonin to counteract iNOS-mediated inflammatory and stress effects in HEMA- and CQ-treated hDPCs, which could be of significance for the modulation of presently observed immediate postoperative sensitivity after composite restoration in type 2 diabetic patients.
WALL-ET: Assistance in Supermarkets and Warehouses through Social Cognitive Robots

This paper and the accompanying demonstration video show our use case of WALL-ET, a social, cognitive, mobile robot platform with a height-adjustable table unit, which assists workers in warehouses or supermarkets when performing unergonomic tasks. With the help of Augmented Reality-glasses and a camera-based activity detection, the system can infer a worker’s intention of lifting boxes from a specified shelf region.
A Low Profile, Ultrawideband PUMA Array with Metasurfaces loading

Tightly coupled dipole array (TCDA) possesses the advantages of ultrawideband and wide scanning, which can meet the higher requirements of modern communication systems. In order to improve the impedance matching and scanning performance of the antenna, it is necessary to load a dielectric substrate above the antenna serve as the wide-angle impedance matching (WAIM) layer, which will increase the weight and profile of the antenna. In this paper, based on the designed ultrawideband PUMA array, we use metasurfaces instead of the thick dielectric substrate as WAIM layer, so as to reduce the weight and profile of the antenna without affecting the performance of the antenna. The planar ultrawideband modular antenna (PUMA) array with 16.2:1 bandwidth and $60\ {}^{\circ}$ and $40\ {}^{\circ}$ scanning angles on E and H planes is designed, and the profile is reduced to $0.0364\lambda_{\text{low}}$.
Radiation induced modification in nanoscale hardness of ZnO cone structures

In this paper, the effect of ion irradiation on nanoscale hardness of ZnO microcones is reported. The hardness of ZnO cones determined by nanoindentation using atomic force microscope initially increases from 4.7±1.4 to 9.5±1.6 GPa after irradiation with 1.2 MeV Ar+8 ions at an ion fluence of 1015 ions cm−2 and then decreases with increasing ion fluence. This change in mechanical hardness has been correlated with the residual stress of the sample revealed by Raman peak shift in the E2(H) mode. These results show that the generally reported radiation-hard nature of ZnO depends critically on irradiation conditions, especially the irradiation temperature.
Chatting about ChatGPT: How May AI and GPT Impact Academia and Libraries?

Purpose This paper aims to provide an overview of key definitions related to ChatGPT, a public tool developed by OpenAI, and its underlying technology, Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT). Design/methodology/approach This paper includes an interview with ChatGPT on its potential impact on academia and libraries. The interview discusses the benefits of ChatGPT such as improving search and discovery, reference and information services; cataloging and metadata generation; and content creation, as well as the ethical considerations that need to be taken into account, such as privacy and bias. Findings ChatGPT has considerable power to advance academia and librarianship in both anxiety-provoking and exciting new ways. However, it is important to consider how to use this technology responsibly and ethically, and to uncover how we, as professionals, can work alongside this technology to improve our work, rather than to abuse it or allow it to abuse us in the race to create new scholarly knowledge and educate future professionals. Originality/value This paper discusses the history and technology of GPT, including its generative pretrained transformer model, its ability to perform a wide range of language-based tasks and how ChatGPT uses this technology to function as a sophisticated chatbot.
Comparison of Hemodynamic Response between Patients with Systolic Heart Failure Differing in Serum Aldosterone Concentrations during and after a 6-Minute Walk Test

Aldosterone regulates hemodynamics, including blood pressure (BP), and is involved in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, including systolic heart failure (HF). While exercise intolerance is typical for HF, neither BP nor heart rate (HR) have specific characteristics in HF patients. This study compares BP and HR profiles during and after standardized exercise between patients with systolic HF with either lower or higher aldosterone concentrations. We measured BP and HR in 306 ambulatory adults with systolic HF (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50%) during and after a 6 min walk test (6MWT). All patients underwent a resting transthoracic echocardiography, and venous blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses. The patients were also divided into tertiles of serum aldosterone concentration: T1 (<106 pg/mL), T2 (106 and 263 pg/mL) and T3 (>263 pg/mL), respectively. Individuals from T1 and T2 were combined into T1–T2 as the reference group for comparisons with patients from T3. The individuals from T3 had significantly lower systolic, mean and diastolic BPs at rest, at the end and at 1 and 3 min post-6MWT recovery, as well as a more dilated left atrium and right ventricle alongside a higher concentration of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Higher serum aldosterone concentration in HF patients with an LVEF < 50% is associated with a lower 6MWT BP but not an HR profile.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides New Insights into the Molecular Basis of Thermal-Induced Parthenogenesis in Silkworm (Bombyx mori)

Simple Summary Parthenogenesis is a reproductive mode by which an oocyte goes into development without fertilization, which is common in insects and plays an important role in evolution, sociality, and ecology. However, the molecular mechanism of parthenogenesis in insects remains to be expanded. The silkworm Bombyx mori is an economically important insect. The artificial parthenogenesis induced in vitro using thermal stimuli has been well used in silkworm breeding as a sex control method. A better understanding of parthenogenesis and its regulatory mechanisms could benefit sericultural production. Meanwhile, silkworm provides a good material for parthenogenesis development research as a lepidopteran model. In this study, iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics were carried out to compare the protein expression profile between a fully parthenogenetic line (PL) and its parent amphigenetic line (AL). We identified 274 increased abundance proteins and 211 decreased abundance proteins before thermal induction, and 97 increased abundance proteins and 187 decreased abundance proteins after thermal induction in PL. Function analysis uncovered the molecular signatures underlying the two different reproductive modes, and the proteins and pathways involved in a meiosis process response to thermal stimuli. The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying silkworm parthenogenesis. Abstract Artificial parthenogenetic induction via thermal stimuli in silkworm is an important technique that has been used in sericultural production. However, the molecular mechanism underlying it remains largely unknown. We have created a fully parthenogenetic line (PL) with more than 85% occurrence and 80% hatching rate via hot water treatment and genetic selection, while the parent amphigenetic line (AL) has less than 30% pigmentation rate and less than 1% hatching rate when undergoing the same treatment. Here, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based analysis were used to investigate the key proteins and pathways associated with silkworm parthenogenesis. We uncovered the unique proteomic features of unfertilized eggs in PL. In total, 274 increased abundance proteins and 211 decreased abundance proteins were identified relative to AL before thermal induction. Function analysis displayed an increased level of translation and metabolism in PL. After thermal induction, 97 increased abundance proteins and 187 decreased abundance proteins were identified. An increase in stress response-related proteins and decrease in energy metabolism suggested that PL has a more effective response to buffer the thermal stress than AL. Cell cycle-related proteins, including histones, and spindle-related proteins were decreased in PL, indicating an important role of this decrease in the process of ameiotic parthenogenesis.
MODIFIED KPSS TESTS FOR NEAR INTEGRATION

This note suggests a simple modification to the Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt, and Shin (1992, Journal of Econometrics, 54, 159–178) test (KPSS test) so that it is applicable to testing the null hypothesis of near integration against a unit root alternative. The modified KPSS test is shown not to suffer from the asymptotic size distortion problems of the original KPSS test that are described by Müller (2005, Journal of Econometrics 128, 195–213). The test also has good asymptotic and finite-sample properties relative to the point optimal tests of Müller (2005) and Elliott and Müller (2006, Journal of Econometrics 135, 285–310).
A novel evolution to remodulated WDM-PON based on DPSK/ASK orthogonal modulation

A novel evolution scheme from legacy TDM-PON to the next generation WDM-PON with DPSK/ASK orthogonal modulation is proposed. The new WDM-PON is added into the existing PON infrastructure and coexisting with the current TDM-PON. To eliminate any change requirement for the existing TDM-PON, DPSK is applied for WDM-PON downstream. Meanwhile, upstream remodualtion is applied to achieve colorless ONU in WDM-PON. The application of DPSK/ASK reduces both crosstalk from coexisting and remodulation. The experiment results show the crosstalk is very little. Good performance is achieved for both unchanged coexisting TDM-PON and WDM-PON upstream signals in our proposed scheme.
Molecular Analysis of the Genes Responsible for Catalysing Intracellular Steps of Aurofusarin Biosynthesis in Fusarium culmorum

: Fusarium culmorum produces polyketide-structured aurofusarin and its precursor metabolites. Aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway is catalysed by the products of eleven genes located in gene cluster. In this study, the effects of the expression levels of Pks12 , Gip6 , and
Mechanism of Wuyao–Ginseng Medicine Pair in the Prevention and Treatment of Diarrhea-Type Irritable Bowel Syndrome Based on Gene Expression Omnibus Chip Data

Based on a Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) chip analysis combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, in this study we explored the molecular targets and mechanism of the wuyao–ginseng medicine pair in the prevention and treatment of diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) was used to search for the chemical constituents and targets of wuyao and ginseng. The UniProt database was used to search for the target gene name. In the GEO database, IBS was searched to obtain GSE36701 and GSE14841 microarray data. We imported the intersection targets into the STRING database to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (Go) pathway analyses were performed using the Metascape database. A total of 30 active ingredients of wuyao–ginseng, 171 drug targets, 1257 IBS differentially expressed genes, and 20 drug-disease intersection genes were obtained from the GEO data. We screened the results and obtained the core active ingredients beta-sitosterol, DMPEC, Boldine, etc.; the core targets NCOA2, EGFR, VEGFA, etc.; and the key pathways P13K-Akt, MAPK, etc. The wuyao–ginseng medicine pair may be involved in inflammation-related signaling pathways, acting on disease targets such as NCOA2, EGFR, and VEGFA as well as pathways such as P13K-Akt and MAPK, thereby playing a key role in the prevention and treatment of IBS-D.
Improving the Ablation Properties of Liquid Silicone Rubber Composites by Incorporating Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphonitrile

The ablative properties of epoxy-modified vinyl silicone rubber (EMVSR) composites containing hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphonitrile (HPCTP) have been systematically studied. The strength of the ablation char layer was greatly enhanced with the addition of HPCTP, which induced the formation of a more complete, denser, and thicker char during oxyacetylene ablation tests. Moreover, the HPCTP-containing EMVSR composites demonstrated lower thermal conductivity and pyrolysis rate when compared with those without HPTCP. At the same time, the thermal insulation properties of HPCTP-filled composites were improved under low heat flow ablation scenarios. The reduction of graphitic carbon content, the formation of phosphate-like crystals as well as the increase of SiC content contributed to strengthening the char layer, which was critical for improving the ablation properties. The optimum char layer strength and thermal insulation properties were achieved when the content of HPCTP was 15 phr, whereas an optimum ablation resistance was achieved at 25 phr HPCTP. This suggests that HPCTP-modified EMVSR composites can be used for thermal protection purposes, especially in the fields of aerospace and aeronautics.
High-Energy Excimer Annealing of Nanodiamond Layers

Here, we aimed to achieve exposure of a nanodiamond layer to a high-energy excimer laser. The treatment was realized in high-vacuum conditions. The carbon, in the form of nanodiamonds (NDs), underwent high-temperature changes. The induced changes in carbon form were studied with Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and we searched for the Q-carbon phase in the prepared structure. Surface morphology changes were detected by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). NDs were exposed to different laser energy values, from 1600 to 3000 mJ cm−2. Using the AFM and SEM methods, we found that the NDs layer was disrupted with increasing beam energy, to create a fibrous structure resembling Q-carbon fibers. Layered micro-/nano-spheres, representing the role of diamonds, were created at the junction of the fibers. A Q-carbon structure (fibers) consisting of 80% sp3 hybridization was prepared by melting and quenching the nanodiamond film. Higher energy values of the laser beam (2000 and 3000 mJ cm−2), in addition to oxygen bonds, also induced carbide bonds characteristic of Q-carbon. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of a diamond (sp3) phase and a low-intensity graphitic (G) peak occurring in the Q-carbon form samples.
OpenXtract: A Blender Add-On for the Accelerated Extraction of the Objects of Interest

In this contribution, we extended and evaluated five open source point cloud partition algorithms. The extensions leverage the edges of a mesh in order to approximate geodesic distances. They achieved higher accuracies and partition sizes as their point cloud counterpart due to more precise eigenfeatures. The usage of the extensions is recommended in order to get sharper edges. The partition algorithms are made open source and can be used in Python and C++. In addition, we propose an open source Blender add-on, called OpenXtract, where the partition algorithms and a PointNet++ semantic segmentation can be applied. We validated the usability of OpenXtract by interviewing three 3D experts. According to the interviews, OpenXtract is extendable and can be integrated into 3D design workflows.
First-principles study of the thermal expansion of Be(1010)

We present a first-principles study of the thermal expansion of Be(1010) surface, within the quasiharmonic approximation (QHA). The maximum temperature studied (T=700 K) is well below melting and QHA is adequate in this regime. Many layers are involved in the thermal relaxation of this surface, and in order to apply QHA to this complex system we developed a method for the efficient computation of the third-order derivatives of the total energy in a metallic system using the density-functional perturbation theory. Computer codes for this method are made available on the web. We find that as the temperature increases the short interlayer spacings near the surface contract and the long interlayer spacings expand. The mechanism leading to this behavior is disclosed and compared with that for Mg(1010) and Al(110) surfaces, where a similar effect was previously observed.
Near-field second harmonic generation by using uncoated silicon tips

The authors present a concept of a scanning near-field optical microscope for second harmonic imaging. The microscope is based on uncoated silicon atomic force microscope tips, which provide high intensity transmission in the midinfrared spectral range. An approximately three times larger contrast was found for the second harmonic compared to the linear signal. By using a lithographically designed sample of an array of gold nanoparticles the capability of imaging structures much smaller than the fundamental and second harmonic wavelength is demonstrated.
Evaluation of lion (Panthera leo) scat as a wild dog (Lycaon pictus) deterrent on game farms

ABSTRACT Context. The conservation of the Endangered African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) poses a major challenge to conservationists because outside the boundaries of protected areas, wild dogs are prone to conflict with farmers. Mitigation measures appropriate for game farmers are scarce, leaving them with limited options to reduce wild dog impact. As a result, targeted persecution is a common occurrence. However, wild dogs are subject to intraguild competition with dominant competitors, often resulting in their suppression and spatial displacement. Therefore, olfactory cues of lion presence may trigger an adverse reaction in wild dogs, and could be a means to manage wild dog movements across the landscape to prevent conflict with farmers. Aims. We aimed to evaluate whether wild dogs can be deterred by simulating lion presence. Methods. By using translocated scent cues in the form of lion scat deployed along the perimeter of plots, lion presence was simulated on game farms where lions were absent. The rate and duration of incursions by wild dogs, collared with GPS trackers, into control and treatment plots (‘group’) were evaluated. Key results. Wild dog incursion rate dropped by 55.5%, and duration of incursion events dropped by 72.7%, after lion scat was deposited. Control and treatment plots were equally affected with no significant effect of the grouping on wild dog movement. The magnitude of the treatment effect differed between packs. Conclusion. The significant decline of wild dog movement after implementation of treatment suggests a deterrence effect. The insignificant effect of group on wild dog movement indicates large-scale avoidance triggered by a change in the wild dogs’ risk perception across the landscape following treatment. The fact that the magnitude of the treatment effect differed between packs indicates that the response to predator cues is likely to be context-dependent. Implications. The findings present a novel approach to managing free-roaming wild dogs by utilising biologically relevant cues, which may benefit wild dog conservation. There is a need for further research to develop the emerging field of scent studies to provide non-lethal solutions and progress towards evidence-based large carnivore management practices.