Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Off-Label Prescribing in Pediatric Population—Literature Review for 2012–2022

Off-label prescribing is widespread among pediatricians, and it is unlikely that this trend will soon be bound by a uniform legal framework. This is necessitated by the fact that there are four variables: the patient’s health condition, the physician’s experience and knowledge, the legislative measures (laws, directives, guidelines, and recommendations), and finally, the pharmaceutical industry. There is considerable concern worldwide about the use of off-label medicines in children. We may call it an enormous global problem that is much talked about and written about; however, we should not forget that the goal around which everyone should unite is the patient’s life. For healthcare providers, the most important thing will always be the health and preservation of the patient’s life, particularly when it comes to children with life-threatening conditions in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units (NICU and PICU). The study aimed to examine the prevalence of off-label drug use in pediatrics. Literature research was conducted, and we included studies from 2012 to 2022 that evaluated off-label drug prevalence in various pediatric patient populations.
Decoding the Language of Care: A Typology of Caregiver Utterances and Their Influence on Assistive Technology Use

: Amid a global caregiver shortage and a growing reliance on assistive technology, this research investigates the intricate interactions between caregivers and care recipients in elder care settings, primarily focusing on caregivers' verbal utterances and the conditions under which these exchanges occur. Drawing on Weiner's causal attribution theory, we developed a typology of caregiver utterances that prompt shifts in care recipients' attributions during the use of assistive technology. This typology—comprised of 'praise', 'affirmation /acceptance', 'confirmation', and 'feedback' categories—illuminates key links between caregiver communication strategies and care recipients' perception shifts. Notably, 'confirmation' utterances tend to align with attributions to 'ability', whereas 'feedback' utterances correspond more closely with 'effort'. Our analysis of temporal fluctuations revealed significant changes in the frequency of these utterances throughout various stages of assistive technology usage. By offering a holistic understanding of these complex dynamics, this study seeks to shape the development of more effective caregiver communication strategies. Such enhancements are pivotal to optimize care recipients' experiences and engagement with assistive technology, thus addressing the ongoing caregiver deficit. Future research endeavors will expand our dataset and examine the potential generalizability of our findings to other caregiving environments.
Enhancing Gesture Recognition for Sign Language Interpretation in Challenging Environment Conditions: A Deep Learning Approach

: Gesture recognition systems have gained popularity as an effective means of communication, leveraging the simplicity and effectiveness of gestures. With the absence of a universal sign language due to regional variations and limited dissemination in schools and media, there is a need for real-time translation systems to bridge the communication gap. The proposed system aims to translate American Sign Language (ASL), the predominant sign language used by deaf communities in real-time in North America, West Africa, and Southeast Asia. The system utilizes SSD Mobilenet FPN architecture, known for its real-time performance on low-power devices, and leverages transfer learning techniques for efﬁcient training. Data augmentation and preprocessing procedures are applied to improve the quality of training data. The system’s detection capability is enhanced by adapting color space conversions, such as RGB to YCbCr and HSV, to improve the segmentation for varying lighting conditions. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s Accessibility and non-invasiveness, achieving high accuracy in recognizing ASL signs.
Comparative Assessment of Nutritional Composition, Polyphenol Content and Antioxidative Properties of Edible and Medicinal Mushroom: Coriolus versicolor

In recent years, edible and medicinal mushrooms have a very important position in functional food and bioactive components. Mushrooms attract the attention of the medical industry with their nutritional properties as well as their benefits for consumer health. The objectives of this research was to to reveal the nutritional composition, antioxidant potential, phenolic and flavonoid content of the commercially edible and medicinal mushroom Coriolus versicolor and to evaluate its anti-cancer effect against HT-29 cells. In this context, the nutrient composition was analyzed in accordance with the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) procedure. C. versicolor showed a high nutritional value with protein, carbohydrate, dietary fiber and glucan content. The total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) of the water, ethanol and methanol extracts of the specified mushroom were determined, and it was found that the ethanol extract had the highest TPC (172.80±2.35 mg GAE/g dw) and TFC (48.72±2.89 mg QE/g dw) values among the three extract types. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of extracts was compared with different methods (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC). The ethanol extract showed the highest DPPH (39.16±0.82 µM TE/g dw), ABTS (29.19±1.30 µM TE/g dw) and CUPRAC (37.17±0.79 µM TE/g dw) activities among the other extracts, while FRAP (21.01±1.62 µM TE/g dw) activity for water extract was determined to be the highest. Finally, when the anti-cancer effects of these extracts were evaluated against HT-29 cells, it was observed that ethanol, methanol and water extract inhibited 82.43%, 79.15% and 65.56%, respectively, at the end of 48 hours.
Effect of Red Light on the Expression of the Phytochrome Gene Family and the Accumulation of Glycoside Alkaloids in Potatoes

Potatoes are the fourth major food crop in the world. Higher levels of glycoside alkaloids (GAs) lead to detrimental effects on the edibility and processing qualities. GAs are largely influenced by light; however, the mechanisms of this regulation by light are not well understood. By analyzing the bioinformatics of the phytochrome genes (PHYs) in potatoes, its expression level, the content of GAs and the correlation between them under different lights, this study aims to reveal the specific mechanism of light-regulated GAs accumulation and provide a theoretical basis for improved potato processing. Results based on high-performance liquid chromatography and imaging mass microscopy showed that red light induced a significant increase in α-chaconine and α-solanine accumulation compared to white light, but there was almost no accumulation in the dark within 12 days. Meanwhile, a bioinformatic analysis of PHY gene family members was performed, and the results showed that the five StPHYs were distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 7 and 10, with amino acid counts ranging from 704 to 1130. StPHYs genes have abundant light-responsive elements. Also, the expression patterns of StPHYs were dramatically induced by red light. Additionally, a correlation analysis showed that the GAs accumulation was significantly correlated with StPHYs expression. This research is useful for comprehending the metabolism of GAs regulated by light and monitoring food safety in potatoes.
Organic carbon transformation along a salinity gradient in Louisiana wetland soils.

Wetlands constitutes one of the major sources of global terrestrial carbon (C) pool and play an important role in global carbon cycle. In this study, organic C transformation and its relation to C gas and N2O emissions in wetland soils of a forest swamp (FS), freshwater marsh (FM) and saline marsh (SM) in coastal Louisiana were studied. Molecular C compositions of bulk soils and purified humic acids were determined using NMR and pyrolysis GC/MS. Carbon gas emissions and the impacts of electron acceptors were investigated through incubations. The three wetland soils exhibited distinctive molecular C characteristics with more polyphenols in FS as compared to more lignin in FM. Both NO3 and SO4 2inhibited CH4 production but only NO3 decreased CO2 production from FM soil under anaerobic condition. On the other hand, FM soil tended to yield greater incomplete denitrification, which could result in higher emission of N2O. Higher contents of phenolics and aldhydes/ketonics in SOM, however, decreased denitrification in these wetland soils.
An On-Line Full-Parameters Calibration Method for SINS/DVL Integrated Navigation System

In this article, an on-line calibration method for strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS)/Doppler velocity log (DVL) based integrated navigation system is proposed to jointly estimate the calibration parameters of SINS and DVL, where the DVL lever arm and gyroscope scale factor error are considered. The full-parameters, including the gyroscope scale factor error, gyroscope bias, accelerometer bias, DVL installation misalignment angle, and DVL lever arm, are modeled as calibration parameters. A new state–space model for on-line calibration of SINS/DVL integrated navigation system is established, which also introduces the measurements of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and celestial navigation system (CNS) to improve the observability of calibration parameters. To suppress the effects of nonlinear error introduced by large installation error between SINS and DVL, a full-parameters feedback correction scheme is proposed. In addition, a special trajectory for the proposed on-line calibration method is designed based on the observability analysis results and the actual motion conditions of the ship, which ensures those calibration parameters in the calibration model can be observed. Simulation results and semi-physical simulation results illustrate that the proposed on-line calibration method can achieve better calibration results than existing methods compared in this article, and the full-parameters can be jointly calibrated online, even in the case of large installation errors between SINS and DVL.
Architecture of marine rift-basin successions

Marine rift basins represent a continuum ranging from mixed nonmarine/marine through shallow marine to deep marine, or from partly emergent through partly submergent to completely submergent basin types. These rift basin types have strongly variable synrift sedimentary architectures because of temporal changes in relative sea level, accommodation creation, and sediment supply throughout the rift cycle. Accommodation changes are controlled mainly by local basin-floor rotation, basinwide background subsidence, and, to a lesser degree, by eustatic changes. Sediment supply determines how much of the accommodation is filled and in what manner, and is controlled by the distance to the main hinterland areas, and the size and sediment- yield potential of any local fault-block source area. Marine siliciclastic synrift successions, whether dominantly shallow or deep marine in nature, are classified in terms of sediment supply as overfilled, balanced, underfilled, and starved. Sediment-overfilled and sediment-balanced infill types are characterized by a threefold sandstone-mudstone- sandstone synrift sediment-infill motif; the sediment-underfilled type is represented by a two-fold conglomerate-sandstone-mudstone motif; and the sediment-starved type commonly is represented by a one-fold mudstone motif. The sequential development, linked depositional systems, and stratigraphic signatures of the early synrift, the rift climax, and the late synrift to early postrift stages vary significantly between these rift basin infill types, as do the tectonic significance (timing of initiation and duration) of stratal surfaces, such as footwall unconformities, nondepositional hiatuses, and marine condensed sections. The construction of the fourfold rift basin infill classification scheme provides a first basis and a strong tool for predicting the distribution and geometry of synrift reservoir and source rock types, despite the inherent variability of the marine synrift infills.
Occupational Exposure to Biological Agents in a Typical Restaurant Setting: Is a Photocatalytic Air Purifier Helpful?

According to many national legislations, biological agents represent an occupational hazard that must be managed in order to ensure safety at workplace. Bioaerosols have been associated to many pathological conditions but, despite many efforts, precise threshold limit values (TLV) are still undefined. We planned and conducted an environmental study concerning a typical restaurant that aimed to evaluate: (1) the occupational exposure to bacterial and fungal bioaerosol; (2) the efficacy of a photocatalytic air purifier device in mitigating such exposure. This observational study evaluated two dining rooms (Area 1 and Area 2) of a restaurant which can be considered typical during two consecutive weeks. Based on a national protocol, we monitored total bacterial and mycotic loads searching for two typologies of bacteria, psychrophilic bacteria (environmental contamination) along with mesophilic bacteria (human or animal origin source), and two types of fungi, mold and yeast. Baseline total bacterial load was 346.8 CFU/m3 for Area 1 and 412.9 CFU/m3 for Area 2. When the sanitizing device was operative, the total bacterial load decreased to 202.7 CFU/m3 (−41.50%—p value: <0.01) for Area 1 and to 342.2 CFU/m3 (−17.10%—p value: 0.06) for Area 2. Considering the fungal load, the mean baseline value was 189.7 CFU/m3 for Area 1 and 141.1 CFU/m3 for Area 2. When the device was kept on, the total fungal load was 108.0 CFU/m3 (−43.10%—p value: 0.055) for Area 1 and 205.0 CFU/m3 (+45.30%—p value: 0.268) for Area 2. Our findings supported the conclusion that, concerning the occupational risk derived from biological agents, a typical restaurant should be considered relatively safe. In order to mitigate or limit any possible increase of such risk, a photocatalytic device may be helpful, but not against the pollution caused by mold or yeasts. Our research also reaffirmed the need of further research assessing the kind of relationship between diseases and exposure levels, before considering the need of setting precise threshold limit values.
Addressing Entity Change in Procedural Ontologies

: Ontologies model a domain by representing the entities, concepts, and the relations between them. The domain of interest in this position paper is the biochemistry experimental procedure. These procedures are composed of procedure steps. These steps represent actions. Actions cause change, a concept being implicitly modelled in this type of ontology. We argue that entities undergoing change need to be properly captured in the ontology. The biochemistry procedure Alkaline Agarose Gel Electrophoresis is used to demonstrate the generality of this procedural ontology.
Antagonist Coactivation of Muscles of Ankle and Thigh in Post-Stroke vs. Healthy Subjects during Sit-to-Stand Task

This study aims to analyse the coactivation of antagonist muscles of the thigh and ankle during the sit-to-stand task in post-stroke subjects, specifically during forward and antigravity sub-phases. A group of 18 healthy subjects and another with 18 subjects with a history of stroke participated voluntarily in this study. Bilateral surface electromyography (EMGs) of the soleus, gastrocnemius medialis, tibialis anterior, rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles were collected synchronously with ground reaction forces (GRF) during the sit-to-stand task. The magnitude of electromyographic (EMG) activity was analysed during forward translation and antigravity sub-phases which were determined through GRF signals. The coactivation was calculated to quantify the degree of antagonist coactivation according to the role of the muscles during the task. Statistically significant values were found between antagonist coactivation on both sub-phases of the sit-to-stand task when comparing healthy and post-stroke subjects (healthy with ipsilesional (IPSI); healthy with contralesional (CONTRA); and healthy with IPSI and with CONTRA limbs) in all muscle pairs analysed (p < 0.01), except on thigh muscles (p > 0.05), in the antigravity sub-phase. When comparing IPSI with CONTRA sides in post-stroke subjects, no statistically significant differences were found. Increased values of antagonist coactivation were observed in post-stroke subjects compared to healthy subjects (both IPSI and CONTRA limb) in the two sub-phases analysed. The forward sub-phase CONTRA limb showed higher antagonist coactivation compared to IPSI, while in the antigravity sub-phase, IPSI antagonist coactivation was higher than in the CONTRA. In conclusion, post-stroke subjects presented an antagonist coactivation more dysfunctional at the ankle joint muscles compared to the thigh segment. So, it seems that the distal segment could express more accurately the central nervous system dysfunction in post-stroke subjects, despite the need for further studies to achieve a better spatiotemporal understanding of the variability on coactivation levels.
From Surviving to Living (on): A Grounded Theory Study on Coping in People with Pancreatic Cancer

Little research has been conducted on the experience of pancreatic cancer from a patient's perspective. Several factors suggest that trajectory models of chronic illness or other cancers cannot be applied to pancreatic cancer. Within this grounded theory study, 26 problem-centred interviews were conducted with people with pancreatic cancer from Germany. A cancer-specific trajectory model was developed, depicting both curative and palliative courses. Two successive phases form the core: Immediately after diagnosis, there is an acute phase in which patients focus on mere survival, attempt to overcome the short-term consequences of pancreatic cancer and search for information. This initial phase is followed by a circular phase of living on with pancreatic cancer, characterized by adaptation to the long-term consequences of the disease and a repeated experience of fear of recurrence or progression and threat in the context of follow-up examinations. Understanding disease trajectories from a patient's perspective enables health professionals better to understand patients’ needs, concerns, and fears and better support them in coping. Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00020251, 13.01. 2020.
A Review on: Comparative study of motion blurred images using different filters

Motion blur can significantly degrade the quality of an image. The images become blurred due to camera movements, object movements or displacements of pixels. This paper attempts to undertake the study of motion blurred images by using three types of techniques of deblurring images as median filter, wieners filter and curvelet transform and accuracy measurement using peak signal to noise ratio and mean square error. Curvelet transformation is a multi-scale transformation technique which is most suitable for the objects with curves.
Novel Microsynthesis of High-Yield Gold Nanoparticles to Accelerate Research in Biosensing and Other Bioapplications

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) exhibit unique properties that make them appealing for applications in biosensing and other emerging fields. Despite the availability of numerous synthesis methods, important questions remain to be addressed regarding the volume effect on the synthesis yield and quality of AuNPs in the light of biosensing research. The present study addresses these issues by developing a novel microvolumetric citrate-reduction method to improve the synthesis of AuNPs, which were characterized by electronic microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, zeta potential and colorimetric analysis. A comparison of the novel microsynthesis method with the standard Turkevich method demonstrated its superior performance in terms of yield, monodispersity, rapidity (in one step), reproducibility, and stability. The analytical behavior of AuNPs-based aptasensors prepared by microsynthesis was investigated using kanamycin detection and showed higher reproducibility and improved detection limits (3.4 times) compared to those of Turkevich AuNPs. Finally, the effect of pH was studied to demonstrate the suitability of the method for the screening of AuNP synthesis parameters that are of direct interest in biosensing research; the results showed an optimal pH range between 5.0 and 5.5. In summary, the approach described herein has the potential to improve research capabilities in biosensing, with the added benefits of lowering costs and minimizing waste generation in line with current trends in green nanotechnology.
High Filamin a Expression in Adrenocortical Carcinomas Is Associated with a Favourable Tumour Behaviour: A European Multicentric Study

The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) promotes cell growth by overactivating the IGF system in an autocrine loop in adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs). The cytoskeleton protein filamin A (FLNA) acts as a repressor of IGF2 mitogenic signalling in ACC cells. The aims of this study were to test FLNA expression by immunohistochemistry in 119 ACCs and 26 adrenocortical adenomas (ACAs) and to evaluate its relationship with clinicopathological features and outcome in ACCs. We found that 71.4% of ACCs did not express FLNA, whereas FLNA absence was a rare event in ACAs (15.4%, p < 0.001 vs. ACCs). In addition, the expression of FLNA was associated with a less aggressive tumour behaviour in ACCs. Indeed, the subgroup of ACCs with high FLNA showed a lower ENSAT stage, Weiss score, and S-GRAS score compared to ACCs with low FLNA expression (p < 0.05). Moreover, patients with high FLNA had a longer overall survival than those with low FLNA (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our data suggest that FLNA may represent a “protective” factor in ACCs, and the integration of FLNA immunohistochemical expression in ACC tissues along with other clinical and molecular markers could be helpful to improve diagnostic accuracy and prognosis prediction in ACCs.
Ontology-Driven Extraction of Contextualized Information from Research Publications

: We present transformer-based methods for extracting information about research processes from scholarly publications. We developed a two-stage pipeline comprising a transformer-based text classifier that predicts whether a sentence contains the entities sought in tandem with a transformer-based entity recogniser for finding the boundaries of the entities inside the sentences that contain them. This is applied to extracting two different types of entities: i) research activities, representing the acts performed by researchers, which are entities of complex lexico-syntactic structure, and ii) research methods, representing the procedures used in performing research activities, which are named entities of variable length. We also developed a system that assigns semantic context to the extracted entities by: i) linking them according to the relation employs(Activity,Method) using a transformer-based binary classifier for relation extraction; ii) associating them with information extracted from publication metadata; and iii) encoding the contextualized information at the output into an RDF Knowledge Graph. The entire workflow is ontology-driven, based on Scholarly Ontology, specifically designed for documenting scholarly work. Our methods are trained and evaluated on a dataset comprising 12,626 sentences, manually annotated for the task at hand, and shown to surpass simpler transformer-based methods and baselines.