Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Local Suppression of T Cell Responses by Arginase-Induced L-Arginine Depletion in Nonhealing Leishmaniasis

The balance between T helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cell responses is a major determinant of the outcome of experimental leishmaniasis, but polarized Th1 or Th2 responses are not sufficient to account for healing or nonhealing. Here we show that high arginase activity, a hallmark of nonhealing disease, is primarily expressed locally at the site of pathology. The high arginase activity causes local depletion of L-arginine, which impairs the capacity of T cells in the lesion to proliferate and to produce interferon-γ, while T cells in the local draining lymph nodes respond normally. Healing, induced by chemotherapy, resulted in control of arginase activity and reversal of local immunosuppression. Moreover, competitive inhibition of arginase as well as supplementation with L-arginine restored T cell effector functions and reduced pathology and parasite growth at the site of lesions. These results demonstrate that in nonhealing leishmaniasis, arginase-induced L-arginine depletion results in impaired T cell responses. Our results identify a novel mechanism in leishmaniasis that contributes to the failure to heal persistent lesions and suggest new approaches to therapy.
A survey on pneumatic wall-climbing robots for inspection

The aim of this article is to present a survey on inspection applications of Pneumatic Wall-Climbing Robots (PWCR). In general, a PWCR utilizes negative pressure as its adhesion method, through mainly suction cups or negative pressure thrust-based mechanisms. Their main advantage being their ability to climb non-ferromagnetic surfaces, such as glass and composite materials, in comparison with climbing robots based on magnetic adhesion methods. A growing application area is the utilization of PWCRs for inspection purposes for accelerating the otherwise time consuming procedures of manual inspection, while offering the important advantage of protecting human workers from hazardous and/or unreachable environments. This article will summarize the key enabling inspection applications of PWCRs in the following areas: a) Construction, b) Industrial Infrastructures, as well as c) Aircraft applications.
Mechanisms in Cognitive Science

This chapter subsumes David Marr’s levels of analysis account of explanation in cognitive science under the framework of mechanistic explanation: Answering the questions that define each one of Marr’s three levels is tantamount to describing the component parts and operations of mechanisms, as well as their organization, behavior, and environmental context. By explicating these questions and showing how they are answered in several different cognitive science research programs, this chapter resolves some of the ambiguities that remain in Marr’s account, and shows that many different areas and traditions of cognitive scientific research can be unified under the mechanistic framework.
Content-based routing for wireless sensor network using intelligent agents

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) and Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) are two highly active research areas in the field of computer science. In one side, MANETs provide an alternative way to wired infrastructure networks and manage the wireless communication, whereas MASs allow distributed systems to be designed and implemented in an autonomous way by optimizing the development process. Using autonomous objects provides new mechanisms for efficient processor and memory usage while enabling low-power consumption in communication. We have presented a content-based networking protocol to solve some inherent problems in wireless sensor networks, especially in communication. Content-based protocols are mainly maximized the rate of suitable message delivery and minimize the energy consumption by using techniques to maintain shortest paths. The proposed protocol sends data using agent-based platform, and each sensor can make its decision individually. This mechanism prolongs life time of the network. After some nodes die, system can automatically construct new paths for data dissemination. As an experimental work, the performance analysis and evaluations are conducted in terms of some main efficiency metrics, which are first node dies and half of the nodes alive. As an energy-aware system, the total remaining energy level also be calculated, and this metric can be used for estimating the lifetime of the system.
Forest fire scar detection in the boreal forest with multitemporal SPOT-VEGETATION data

Disturbance events, such as fire, have a major impact on boreal forest dynamics, succession, and the global carbon cycle. Methods using satellite imagery are well established for detecting forest fires in real time and mapping the burned area (fire scars) within one year of the fire. This paper focuses on the detection of older fire disturbance-regeneration patterns in the boreal forests of Canada. Previous work found that shortwave-infrared image segmentation proved particularly good at creating uniform regions that were easy to associate with fire scars. Our findings suggest it is possible to detect fire scars up to ten years old using SPOT-VEGETATION data from a single year and that the use of a vegetation index based on near- and shortwave-infrared reflectance is critical to this success. We demonstrate how the use of short-term multitemporal imagery can enhance segmentation results and present a threshold-based procedure for a posteriori identification of fire scar segments. The resulting fire scar probability map showed a good correspondence with records of fire scars mapped by the Canadian Forest Service for 1980-1992 and "hot spots" from the FireM3 Information System for 1994-1998.
Appareil gestionnaire et travail ou de la lacune comme opportunité

Les chercheurs en gestion ont progressivement abandonne l'idee selon laquelle il serait possible de definir un modele, fonde sur la planification, l'instrumentalisation et la previsibilite, permettant de predeterminer et de piloter l'ensemble des actes de la production. L'auteur explique que les lacunes laissees par l'appareil gestionnaire ne peuvent pas etre comblees par une structuration toujours plus fine, mais doivent plutot etre considerees comme autant d'occasions de produire de nouveaux acteurs susceptibles de jouer un role d'interface et de rechercher des compromis, grâce a un dispositif autorisant a la fois l'examen des regles de comportement et leur modification eventuelle.
Lung Cancer Detection on CT Images by Using Image Processing

Lung cancer seems to be the common cause of death among people throughout the world. Early detection of lung cancer can increase the chance of survival among people. The overall 5-year survival rate for lung cancer patients increases from 14 to 49% if the disease is detected in time. Although Computed Tomography (CT) can be more efficient than X-ray. However, problem seemed to merge due to time constraint in detecting the present of lung cancer regarding on the several diagnosing method used. Hence, a lung cancer detection system using image processing is used to classify the present of lung cancer in an CT-images. In this study, MATLAB have been used through every procedures made. In image processing procedures, process such as image pre-processing, segmentation and feature extraction have been discussed in detail. We are aiming to get the more accurate results by using various enhancement and segmentation techniques.
Trichostatin A Exacerbates Atherosclerosis in Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Deficient Mice

Objective—Histone acetylation has been shown to be involved in expression of a restricted set of cellular genes including various proinflammatory molecules. We aimed to investigate the relationship between histone acetylation and atherosclerosis. Methods and Results—In low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient (Ldlr−/−) mice fed an atherogenic diet for 4 or 8 weeks, trichostatin A (TSA), a specific histone deacetylase inhibitor, exacerbated atherosclerosis without alteration on plasma lipid profiles. When we assayed the effects of TSA on expressions of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) receptors on RAW264.7 macrophage, we found that TSA increased CD36 mRNA and protein, as well as cell surface expression of CD36. TSA also increased acetylation at the CD36 promoter region. The uptake of 1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine percholate (Dil)-labeled oxLDL was enhanced in RAW264.7 macrophage by TSA. Furthermore, TSA treatment increased CD36 mRNA expression in aorta, and SRA, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-&agr;, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were also elevated, whereas IL-6 and IL-1&bgr; expressions were decreased. Conclusions—Our findings suggest that histone acetylation could play some role in atherogenesis by modulating expressions of oxLDL receptor and some proatherogenic genes. Therefore, our results indicate that increased histone acetylation may affect the progress of atherosclerosis.
User-Product Experience and Emotions

The history of a product that we buy at shops goes through many phases. The whole history is named product development process (PDP). Marketing experts are those who trigger the process: they perform research on consumer preferences and expectations aiming to find out new needs and motivations for a new product. Subsequently, a rough idea of the open space for the new product potentially available on the market is illustrated to the product designers, who start creating concepts representing the new product, including the definition of its shape, architecture, materials, functions, and also address some issues like ergonomics and usability. The typical subsequent step consists of the product designers and the marketing experts analyzing and evaluating the concepts together, and agreeing on the selection of one concept, which will be the future product, which is transferred to the engineering designers, who check the feasibility and costs, and transform the concept into detailed technical specifications [1]. The concept proposed by the product designers may be subject to many modifications, mainly because engineers have to cope with various technical, economical and production constraints that may contrast the designers' choices. But an additional key issue to consider is the fact that marketing experts and designers express their idea about a product and its features by means of abstract, vague, and non-detailed descriptions, or even through similarities with the features of other products. Therefore, the probability that the product eventually detailed by the engineering designers is the one that marketing experts and product designers had in their mind is very unlikely, at least at the first design round. For the above mentioned reasons it is paramount to set up a validation practice, which can be used to review and modify the design, if necessary. The product development process includes many loops, back and forth between the various phases, which are required by the necessity to change the design due to engineering constraints, or because of non-satisfactory validation results. The validation practice can address product technical characteristics and performances, as well issues more related to users. In particular, when dealing with products for the consumer markets, which are interactive, some considerations about consumers, i.e. the future users of the product, and their relation with products are necessary as well. In fact, users interact with products, during their daily use but often already during the purchase moment. And both these aspects are important to be considered from a marketing analysis point of view. With this respect, the interest of both industry and research is recently focusing on the study of the user’s emotional reac-
Spoken Document Retrieval Experiments for SpokenQuery&Doc at Ryukoku University (RYSDT)

In this paper, we describe spoken document retrieval systems in Ryukoku University, which were participated in NTCIR-9 IR for Spoken Documents (“SpokenDoc”) task. In NTCIR-9 “SpokenDoc” task, there are two subtasks: “Spoken term detection (STD) subtask” and “Spoken document retrieval (SDR) subtask”. We participated in the both subtasks as team RYSDT. In this paper, first, our STD systems are described, and then, our SDR systems are described.
Supply Chain Management: After Business Process Re-Engineering

This paper is prepared to provide a review of how an automotive manufacturer, ISUZU HICOM Malaysia Co. Ltd. sustained the supply chain management after business process re-engineering in 2007. One of the authors is currently undergoing industrial attachment and has spent almost 6 months researching in the production and operation management system of the company. This study was carried out as part of the tasks in the attachment program. The result shows that delivery lateness and outsourcing are the main barriers that affected productivity. From the gap analysis, the authors found that new business process operation had improved suppliers delivery performance.
PENGARUH KEPRIBADIAN DAN SITUASI TERHADAP PEMILIHAN MAKANAN PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT PERTAMA

This study aims to: (1) identify the habits of vegetable consumption among the first grade students before and after entering the dormitory; (2) analyze the personality, situation, and the food choices based on gender; and (3) analyze the factors that influence the food choices among the first grade students. This study included 288 students in the first grade (121 male students and 167 female students) that selected by cluster random sampling. Data were collected by self-administered methods. Variables measured consist of characteristic samples (allowance, age, and gender), vegetable consumption habits, personality (neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), the situation (places to eat), and the food choices (vegetables). This study found that personality (extraversion, openness to experience, and agreeableness) and situations (eating at home) had a positive influence on the food choices (vegetables). This means that the sample which had good socialize (extraversion), creative and imaginative (openness to experience), friendly and environmentally sensitive (agreeableness) would increase the choose to eat vegetables. Moreover, sample more ate vegetables when they were at home.
Design optimization of PMSM by particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm

One of the electric power researches is the design optimization studies of permanent magnet synchronous motors. The main advantages of design optimizations of permanent magnet synchronous motors are to contribute to comfort, cost, and especially to energy savings. Although absence of rotor windings affects efficiencies of permanent magnet synchronous motors, stringent selection of values of geometrical design parameters affects the efficiency. Artificial intelligence techniques are satisfactory in choosing of design parameters of electric motors. This study aims to provide the design optimization of surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor thus. First of all geometrical design parameters of the motor were identified and then preliminary analytical design and design optimization by using genetic algorithm and particle swarm algorithm were studied. The obtained efficiency results were compared with each others and the results is satisfactory.
Src Tyrosine Kinase Activation by 4-Hydroxynonenal Upregulates p38, ERK/AP-1 Signaling and COX-2 Expression in YPEN-1 Cells

4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), a major end product of lipid peroxidation, is highly reactive and involved in various cellular processes, such as inflammatory signaling. However, to date, the mechanistic roles of 4-HNE in inflammatory signaling related to protein tyrosine kinases have not been elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the interaction between 4-HNE and Src (a non-receptor tyrosine kinase) for its involvement in the molecular modulation of the inflammatory signaling pathway utilizing the YPEN-1 cell system. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that 4-HNE phosphorylates (activates) Src at Tyr416 via adduct formation. In addition, LC-MS/MS and a docking simulation model revealed an addiction site at the Cys248 residue of Src, resulting in the stimulation of downstream p38, ERK/AP-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) signaling in YPEN-1 cells. The role of 4-HNE-activated Src in downstream inflammatory signaling was further investigated using dasatinib (a Src inhibitor) and by siRNA knockdown of Src. p38 and ERK were directly regulated by Src, as revealed by immunoblotting of the phosphorylated forms of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which are key elements in the signaling transduction pathway initiated by Src. The study also shows that Src modulates the HNE-enhanced activation of AP-1 and the expression of COX-2 (a target gene of AP-1). Together, the results of this study show that 4-HNE stimulates Src tyrosine kinase in activation of the inflammation process.
Direct Sigma Delta GMSK modulator modeling and design for 2.5 G TX applications

This paper proposes a new Simulink modeling technique for an SD kind of modulator. In fact the system analysis for this kind of design cannot use the standard tools used to design classical analog transmitters. In this solution the digital section is predominant on the analog one, but the analog behavior of the TX path has to be evaluated as a function of different analog and digital parameters. In particular the model has been used to study the impact of the analog transfer function of the PLL on a GMSK modulation. The model allows us to find the right pre emphasis filter and implementation. Different kinds of Sigma Delta have been analyzed and a 1-1-1 Mash structure has been selected. This model has been used to study and define a direct Sigma Delta modulator for 2.5 G applications and the measurements on the implemented TX section show very good agreement with the model results.
A framework of multivariant statistical model based tool using particle swarm optimization with fuzzy data for the classification of yeast data

Yeast is one of the major components for the formation of different medicines and various chemical products. So, yeast data classification is one of the major bioinformatics task. If the type of yeast can be categorized at primary stages based on initial characteristics of it, a lot of technical procedure can be avoided in the preparation of chemical and medical products. In this paper, an effort has been taken to classify yeast data. The yeast dataset, obtained from UCI machine learning laboratories, is used. Here, 50 selected data samples have been chosen for case study. At first Total effect of each selected samples has been calculated with Factor analysis (FA) and principal component analysis (PCA). On the basis of average error of FA and PCA, Total Effect obtained from factor analysis has been chosen for applying two soft computing models, they are Fuzzy Time Series model (FTS), and Particle Swarm Optimization model respectively. The performance of these two soft computing models is then evaluated using residual analysis.
Resource Discovery Protocols for Bluetooth-Based Ad-hoc Smart Spaces: Architectural Considerations and Protocol Evaluation

Ad-hoc smart spaces aim at resource-rich mobile devices sharing resource and context data with others near them spontaneously. Thus, a device may, e.g., obtain a more complete context model by utilizing sensor data of its neighbors via wireless communication, such as Bluetooth. The highly dynamic device neighborhood challenges resource discovery, as the devices have to organize themselves autonomously. This paper evaluates different resource discovery protocols in Bluetooth-based ad-hoc smart spaces. We simulate the protocols in different scenarios taking into account the scatternet structure of the network. We suggest request flooding for small settings and random replication for medium to large spaces.
Performance Analysis of Optical CDMA systems with PPM Signaling

Abstract - An optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) system with M-ary pulse-position modulation (PPM) signaling is investigated. Latin-Square based optical orthogonal codes (OOCs) are proposed to be used in conjunction with modified prime codes as address sequences in our system. A union lower bound on the bit error rate (BER) is derived and the performance characteristics are then discussed with a variety of system parameters. In the presence of multiuser interference (MUI) and receiver shot noise, our results show that the performance, in terms of the BER, of the proposed system is significantly improved by PPM coding compared with that of the system with unmodulated signaling . Key Words: Optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA), pulse-position modulation (PPM), Latin Square, optical orthogonal codes (OOCs), modified prime codes, bit error rate (BER), multiuser interference (MUI). I. I NTRODUCTION Optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) systems have become more attractive in the field of all-optical communications as multiple users can access the network asynchronously and simultaneously without strict wavelength controls [1], [2]. Theoretical analysis of optical CDMA systems has shown that the performance was limited to date by multiuser interference (MUI) from correlation between different user codes. Code sequences with fixed in-phase cross correlation (such as
Morphological Hippocampal Markers for Automated Detection of Alzheimer Disease and MCI converters in MR Images

Objective: To investigate the use of hippocampal shape-based markers for automatic detection of Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients and converted mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients (MCI-c). Material: Three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of 50 ADs, 50 age-matched controls, 15 MCI-c and 15 MCI-non-converters (MCI-nc). Manual delineations of both hippocampi were obtained from normalized images. Fully automatic shape modeling was used to generate comparable meshes for both structures. Method/Results: Repeated permutation tests, run over a randomly sub-sampled training set (25 controls and 25 ADs), highlighted shape-based markers, mostly located in the CA1 sector, which consistently discriminated ADs and controls. Support vector machines (SVMs) were trained, using markers from either one or both hippocampi, to automatically classify controls and ADs. Leave-1-out cross-validations over the remaining 25 ADs and 25 controls resulted in an optimal accuracy of 90% (sensitivity 92%), for markers in the left hippocampus. The same morphological markers were used to train SVMs for MCI-c vs. MCI-nc classification: markers in the right hippocampus reached an accuracy (and sensitivity) of 80%. Due to the pattern recognition framework, our results statistically represent the expected performances of clinical setups, and compare favorably to analyses based on hippocampal volumes.