Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural Dynamic Conditional Correlation

In the literature of identifcation through autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity, Weber (2008) developed the structural constant conditional correlation (SCCC) model. Besides determining linear simultaneous in uences between several variables, this model considers interaction in the structural innovations. Even though this allows for common fundamental driving forces, these cannot explain time variation in correlations of observed variables, which still have to rely on causal transmission e ects. In this context, the present paper extends the analysis to structural dynamic conditional correlation (SDCC). The additional fexibility is shown to make an important contribution in the estimation of empirical real-data examples.
The intimate relation between the low T/W instability and the corotation point

We study the low T/W instability associated with the f-mode of dierentially rotating stars. Our stellar models are described by a polytropic equation of state and the rotation prole is given by the standard j-constant law. The properties of the relevant oscillation modes, including the instability growth time, are determined from time evolutions of the linearised dynamical equations in Newtonian gravity. In order to analyse the instability we monitor also the canonical energy and angular momentum. Our results demonstrate that the l = m = 2 f-mode becomes unstable as soon as a co-rotation point develops inside the star (i.e. whenever there is a point where the mode’s pattern speed matches the bulk angular velocity). Considering various degrees of dierential rotation, we show that the instability grows faster deep inside the corotation region and deduce an empirical relation that correlates the mode frequency and the star’s parameters, which captures the main features of the l = m = 2 f-mode growth time. This function is proportional to the product of the kinetic to gravitational energy ratio and the gradient of the star’s spin, strengthening further the relationship between the co-rotation point and the low T/W instability. We briey consider also the l = m = 2 r-mode and demonstrate that it never moves far inside the co-rotation region even for signicant dierential rotation.
Theory of Transport Phenomena in Coherent Quantum Hall Bilayers

We argue that all anomalous transport properties of coherent quantum quantum Hall bilayers can be understood in terms of a mean-field transport theory in which the condensate phase is nearly uniform across the sample, and the strength of condensate coupling to interlayer tunneling processes is substantially reduced compared to the predictions of disorder-free microscopic mean-field theory. These ingredients provide a natural explanation for recently established I-V characteristics which feature a critical current above which the tunneling resistance abruptly increases and a non-local interaction between interlayer tunneling at the inner and outer edges of Corbino rings. We propose a microscopic picture in which disorder is the main agent responsible for the reduction of the effective interlayer tunneling strength.
Ultracold atoms in microfabricated magnetic traps near surfaces and inside optical resonators

Microfabricated magnetic traps (“microtraps”) for ultracold atoms allow the creation of complex, precisely-controlled, and sharply-varying potentials that hold great promise for a variety of new quantum devices for atomic matter waves. We present two experiments that examine the capabilities and also the fundamental limits of microtraps. In the first experiment, we investigate the stability of magnetically trapped BoseEinstein condensates and thermal clouds near the transition temperature at distances of 0.5-10 microns from a microfabricated silicon chip. Near a copper film, the trap lifetime is limited by spin flips due to the coupling of the atoms’ electronic spins to magnetic field fluctuations produced by the thermal motion of electrons in the copper (Johnson noise). We present a simple formula that can account for this observed loss process with no free parameters. A dielectric surface has no adverse effect on the trapped atoms until they are brought so close to the surface that the attractive Casimir-Polder potential reduces the trap depth, which leads to loss of atoms. In the second experiment, we implement sensitive atom detection for atoms in the microtrap through the use of a medium-finesse, macroscopic optical resonator integrated with the chip. As detection methods, we employ both fluorescence into the cavity and atom-induced reduction in cavity transmission. In fluorescence, we register 2.0 photon counts per atom, which allows us to detect single atoms with 75% efficiency in 250 μs. In absorption, we measure transmission attenuation of 3.3% per atom, which allows us to count small numbers of atoms with a resolution of about 1 atom. We also demonstrate shot-noise-limited atom preparation down to 1 atom.
How to Welcome First-year Students: Best Practice of a Gamified Orientation Day

Various difficulties characterise students’ adaptation to university. It is crucial to engage first-year students from the first moment of university entrance, to support their transition from secondary to higher education, and to facilitate their learning experiences and learning outcomes. This study starts from the dual premise that orientation activities offer first-year students important transitional support to cope with the stressful challenges while enabling a sense of community, and that, as students sometimes consider orientation activities as tedious, gamification might make participation more enjoyable, while stimulating students’ motivation and information retention. Based on educational literature on gamification of learning settings, this study presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of a gamified orientation day, organised for first-year students. The design of the gamified orientation day is based on the eight gamification features of Apostol, Zaharescu and Alexe (2013): players, story, goals, rules, problem solving, feedback, safe environment, and sense of mastery. The objectives of the orientation day and its practical implementation are explained on the theoretical basis of these eight features. Qualitative survey data (N=1326) were collected to evaluate the strengths of the orientation day and the areas for further improvement. The data show that students perceive the gamified orientation day as a pleasant learning experience. Students appreciate collaborating with peer students and their active participation in knowledge acquisition. This study provides evidence-based best practices for the gamification of orientation days, and aims to inspire other universities in adapting their strategy on facilitating the transition and orientation of first-year students.
General relativity as the equation of state of spin foam

Building on recent significant results of Frodden, Ghosh and Perez (FGP) and Bianchi, I present a quantum version of Jacobsonʼs argument that the Einstein equations emerge as the equation of state of a quantum gravitational system. I give three criteria a quantum theory of gravity must satisfy if it is to allow Jacobsonʼs argument to be run. I then show that the results of FGP and Bianchi provide evidence that loop quantum gravity satisfies two of these criteria, and argue that the third should also be satisfied in loop quantum gravity. I also show that the energy defined by FGP is the canonical energy associated with the boundary term of the Holst action.
Optimisation-based wavefront sensorless adaptive optics for microscopy

Microscopy is an essential tool for life sciences. Thanks to the development of confocal and multiphoton microscopy, scientists are able to obtain high-resolution 3D views of biological specimens. Nevertheless, spatial variations in the index of refraction within specimens cause aberrations that degrade the quality of the 3D views. One can tackle this issue by implementing adaptive optics (AO) techniques, whereby an active element such as a deformable mirror (DM) is used to suppress the aberrations. In this thesis we consider the problem of estimating aberrations in microscopy. Well-established methods to measure aberrations, such as Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing, cannot be easily applied due to the lack of well-defined reference wavefronts within specimens. Instead, one can consider wavefront sensorless AO (WFSless-AO), where aberrations are estimated indirectly using a suitable image quality metric. In practice, a series of trial aberration corrections are applied with the DM until the image quality metric is maximised. One can reduce the number of necessary trial corrections by modelling the image quality metric, so that the overall image acquisition time is minimised, and side effects such as photobleaching and phototoxicity are curtailed. Quadratic polynomials have been used extensively to model image quality metrics in microscopy. In the first part of this thesis, the problem of computing the parameters of the polynomial directly from input-output measurements is solved using a mathematical optimisation. Once the parameters are known, the aberration estimation problem is formulated into a linear least-squares optimisation, which requires a minimum of N + 1 trial corrections to estimate N orthogonal aberration modes, such as Zernike polynomials. Both the computation of the parameters and the aberration estimation are validated experimentally using an optical breadboard. In the second part of this thesis, we implement a WFSless-AO algorithm in a second-harmonic microscope. To achieve a more refined aberration correction, we compute the least-squares estimate of the aberration by solving a non-convex optimisation problem. Aberration correction experiments are performed using a biologically relevant specimen. In the last part of this thesis, we consider using a phase retrieval algorithm to correct aberrations. We propose an algorithm that uses three measurements of the point-spread function of the optical system. The phase retrieval problem is formulated using the extended Nijboer-Zernike theory, and it is solved using PhaseLift, a signal recovery method based on convex optimisation. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated by performing aberration correction experiments using an optical breadboard.
Radiative and pionic transitions from the $D_{s1}(2460)$ to the $D_{s0}^\ast(2317)$

We estimate the partial widths for the radiative and pionic transitions from the ${D}_{s1}(2460)$ to the ${D}_{s0}(2317)$ in a molecular scenario, in which the ${D}_{s1}(2460)$ and ${D}_{s0}^{*}(2317)$ are considered as hadronic molecular states of $DK$ and ${D}^{*}K$, respectively. The partial widths for the ${D}_{s1}(2460)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s0}^{*}(2317){\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ and ${D}_{s1}(2460)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s0}^{*}(2317)\ensuremath{\gamma}$ are evaluated to be about 0.19--0.22 and 3.0--3.1 keV, respectively. In addition, the ratio of the ${D}_{s1}(2460)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s0}(2317)\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and ${D}_{s1}(2460)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{*}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ is estimated to be about $(6.6--10.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, which is safely under the measured upper limit.
Hypertension and its risk factors among the Shabar tribe: A community-based cross-sectional study in Odisha, India

In developing countries like India, the increasing trend of hypertension is one of the significant public health problems. In recent times, the Indian tribes are also experiencing a similar trend, which is rarely documented and less emphasized. The objectives of the present study are to assess the prevalence of hypertension among the Shabar tribe and to understand the association with some selected biological, behavioural and socio-economic factors. The data were collected from 816 individuals (389 males and 427 females, aged 20 to 60 years) in the Khurda and Cuttack districts of Odisha. Conventional methodologies were used to collect the cross-sectional data of blood pressure and other parameters. It was found that 9.2% of the respondents suffered from hypertension (SBP ≥ 140 and DBP ≥ 90 mmHg), and 12.3% had high normal blood pressure (SBP ≥ 130 and DBP ≥ 85 mmHg). The unadjusted odd ratios showed that the proportion of hypertension increased significantly as age increased. High normal blood pressure and hypertension were significantly higher in females and people who belonged to the high-income group and consumed more fat. The Shabar people who suffered from overweight and obesity, took extra salt during meals, smokers, smokeless tobacco chewers, and alcoholics were more vulnerable to hypertension and high blood pressure. Interestingly, the participants who perceived their fatty bodies and engaged in light activities were more likely to be hypertensive than their counterparts. Shabar people residing in Odisha state have shown increasing frequencies of hypertension with advancing age. A significant co-occurrence of higher body mass index (BMI), fewer physical activities, increased fat consumption, and changing habits relating behaviour to hypertension may be designated as potential risk factors.
Recent Developments regarding Exergames and Individuals with Disabilities

Exergames are digital interactive games that require physical movements of upper and lower limbs by the users to achieve simulation with the game screen. Their effects regarding the maintenance of fitness levels and the improvement of their overall health, is proven to be positive. Due to attractiveness, they offer an innovative way to increase physical activity levels of individuals with disabilities. Exergaming may provide both entertainment and multiple benefits for the users while their engagement with the games may produce a positive mood state, socialization, improvement of well-being and good outcomes. Digital environment provides the possibility for the users to participate at the games on equal terms, regardless of academic performance and type of disability. Individuals with disabilities are less physically active compared to individuals without disabilities. As a result, their fitness levels appear to be lower compared to general population and that may cause cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity and depression. The main reason for this is the absence of motivation to participate in physical education programs. Therefore, it might be meaningful to increase their physical activity levels using exergames. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible benefits of exergames on individuals with disabilities. To achieve this, an extensive research and record of relevant publications in recent years took place. Results indicate that exergames had positive effects on individuals with disabilities and although they should not replace their participation at exercise programs in real environments, they can be used in combination with exercise programs adapted to their needs. More specifically, results suggest that exergames are useful, attractive, and efficient tools for enhancing physical activity levels and attitudes. Additionally, studies reveal social, emotional, and motor benefits as well as improvements in communication skills contributing positively to the quality of their life.
Life insurance model: concept, structure and assessment of financial stability

The Institute of Life Insurance is actively growing all over the world and especially in developing countries in order to provide an increase in the duration and quality of life of the population. The increasing role of life insurance in the economic and social sphere of the country requires a theoretical understanding of its place in the system of market relations and effective implementation. The purpose of the study is to develop the theoretical and methodological basis of life insurance, substantiate methodological approaches to its study in the context of a systematic approach through the prism of various models functioning. As a result of the study theoretical determinants of life insurance model are revealed, and a methodology for determining the financial stability of the applied life insurance model has been developed.
Non-Quasi-Static Intrinsic GaN-HEMT Model

This article presents a small-signal model of intrinsic gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor (GaN HEMT) for non-quasi-static analysis. The model is derived from the charge-based approach presented in the EPFL HEMT analytical model. The results are obtained in the form of trans-admittance parameters for a two-port network. The model takes into account the current continuity equation in the frequency domain and ignores short-channel effects. The results have been compared in a wide frequency range with technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulation and show perfect agreement in all operating regions from linear to pinch-off.
A unifying framework for global regulation via nonlinear output feedback

This paper presents a unifying framework for the problem of robust global regulation via output feedback for nonlinear systems with integral input-to-state stable (iISS) inverse dynamics, subject to possibly unknown control direction. The contribution of the paper is two-fold. Firstly, we consider the problem of global regulation, instead of global asymptotic stabilization (GAS), for systems with generalized dynamic uncertainties. It is shown by an elementary example that GAS is not solvable using conventional smooth output feedback. Secondly, we reduce the stability requirements for the disturbance and demand relaxed assumptions for the system. Using our framework, most of the known classes of output feedback form systems are broadened in several directions: unmeasured states and unknown parameters can appear non-linearly, restrictive matching and growth assumptions are removed, the dynamic uncertainty satisfies the weaker condition of Sontag's integral input-to-state stability, and the sign of high-frequency gain may be unknown. A constructive strategy is proposed to design a dynamic output feedback control law, that drives the state to the origin while keeping all other closed-loop signals bounded.
CREATING CONTEXTUAL VIEW OF CMMS ASSETS USING GEOSPATIAL 2D/3D DATA

Abstract. Computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS) aim to assist administration and maintenance agents in their asset maintenance tasks (e.g., building, network, air conditioning, faucets maintenance). In this context, geospatial data can help to have a better understanding of the assets they represent by providing additional information: spatial, thematic, temporal, or inter-object relationships. Using such information often leads to interoperability issues as different domains describe them with different data models, like Building Information Modeling (using the Industry Foundation Classes format) and Geographic Information System (using the CityGML format). Spatial information, and particularly 2D or 3D geometry, are stored using heterogeneous representations (e.g., triangle soup, boundary representation, sweep volume, composite solids). Visualization and navigation in the information provided by multiple data sources remain a problem, as there is a need to understand the domains, languages, and models used to describe them. Furthermore, there is a need for solutions to integrate geometric data to manage and visualize existing 2D or 3D representations of assets in geospatial data stores while being able to retrieve additional information using semantic data stores. We propose, in this paper, a methodology to integrate heterogeneous geospatial data in the same viewer by transforming geometric data to a standardized format while keeping a link to sources, in order to navigate in the context of an asset by visualizing its spatial and thematic information.
Scroll Compressor: Thrust Bearing Design Under Laminar Conditions

The paper presents the results of a theoretical study of the scroll compressor orbiting thrust bearing. The boundary conditions have been derived for the orbiting motion at the bearing surfaces, A" Reynolds equation under incompressible laminar condition with constant viscosity is derived from the Navier-Stokes equations. The effects of the squeeze film velocity is considered. The equation is solved by finite difference methods. For a given average film thickness and attitude angle of the scroll plate a pressure profile in the bearing film is generated. The resultant force and tilting moment developed in the bearing are then computed. NOMENCLATURE F ~ oil film restoring force Ff = friction force h = local film thickness h1, h,, h 3 , h, =film thickness at mean radius p ~ pressure in clearance space p 1 pressure at the inner radius of the bearing p 2 pressure at the outer radius of the bearing Q lubricant flow r radial coordinate R1 inside radius of bearing R2 outside radius of bearing R8 radial coordinate with shaft center as reference u radial velocity component v tangential velocity component w squeeze velocity component (z direction) W5 = scroll plate local squeeze velocity component X, Y, Z = Cartesian coordinate system w = angular velocity tangential coordinate ~ lubricant viscosity ¢ velocity phase angle
PRIME RADICALS OF FORMAL POWER SERIES RINGS

In this note we study the prime radicals of formal power series rings, and the shapes of them under the condition that the prime radical is nilpotent. Furthermore we observe the condition structurally, adding related examples to the situations that occur naturally in the process. 1. Formal power series rings Throughout this paper all rings are associative with identity. Given a ring R, the prime radical is denoted by P (R); the polynomial ring and the formal power series ring over R are denoted by R(x) and R((x)) with x the indeterminate, respectively; also R(X) and R((X)) denote the polynomial ring and the formal power series ring over R with X a set of commuting indeterminates (possibly infinite) over R, respectively. In this section we obtain some informations for the prime radicals of formal power series rings.
Trapping characteristics of Al2O3/HfO2/SiO2 stack structure prepared by low temperature in situ oxidation in dc sputtering

In this work, a dielectric stack with Al2O3/HfO2/SiO2 (1.8 nm/1.6 nm/2.5 nm) trilayer structure prepared by low temperature in situ natural oxidation during dc sputtering is investigated. We study the electrical characteristics, including the dielectric leakage of 10−8 A/cm2 at Vg=−2 V, the current transport mechanism and trap distributions through the trilayer dielectric stack. The Fowler–Nordheim barrier height of the prepared Al2O3 (ϕFN,Al2O3) was extracted as 3.06±0.15 eV. The current variation ratios [ΔJg/Jg(0)] during constant voltage stressing were found to decrease with raising gate stress voltages for the trilayer stack in comparison with that [ΔJg/Jg(0)] increase with raising gate stress voltages for the two-layer HfO2/SiO2 stack. Shallow traps located in HfO2 were supposed to be major trapping centers within the trilayer stack. The proposed method of in situ oxidation during dc sputtering is of merit and low in process temperature. The trilayer dielectric stacks are an alternative option for no.