Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large-Scale and Highly Efficient Production of Ultrafine PVA Fibers by Electro-Centrifugal Spinning for NH3 Adsorption

Ultrafine Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers have an outstanding potential in various applications, especially in absorbing fields. In this manuscript, an electrostatic-field-assisted centrifugal spinning system was designed to improve the production efficiency of ultrafine PVA fibers from PVA aqueous solution for NH3 adsorption. It was established that the fiber production efficiency using this self-designed system could be about 1000 times higher over traditional electrospinning system. The produced PVA fibers establish high morphology homogeneity. The impact of processing variables of the constructed spinning system including rotation speed, needle size, liquid feeding rate, and voltage on fiber morphology and diameter was systematically investigated by SEM studies. To acquire homogeneous ultrafine PVA fiber membranes, the orthogonal experiment was also conducted to optimize the spinning process parameters. The impact weight of different studied parameters on the spinning performance was thus provided. The experimental results showed that the morphology of micro/nano-fibers can be well controlled by adjusting the spinning process parameters. Ultrafine PVA fibers with the diameter of 2.55 μm were successfully obtained applying the parameters, including rotation speed (6500 rpm), needle size (0.51 mm), feeding rate (3000 mL h−1), and voltage (20 kV). Furthermore, the obtained ultrafine PVA fiber mat was demonstrated to be capable of selectively adsorbing NH3 gas relative to CO2, thus making it promising for NH3 storage and other environmental purification applications.
ENTANGLED QUANTUM STATES, QUANTUM TELEPORTATION AND QUANTUM INFORMATION

Stările cuantice neseparabile (incâlcite) reprezintă elemente de importanţă fundamentală in informatica cuantică. Acest articol prezintă esenţa stărilor neseparabile, unele experimente care au demonstrat existenţa acestora, in principal pe baza dezbaterii de peste 70 de ani provocată de “paradoxul Einstein, Podolsky, Rosen (EPR)”, precum si principalele experimente care au atenuat considerabil disputa. Se descriu cele mai importante experimente de teleportare cuantică si se prezintă unele implicaţii ale acesteia in transmiterea informaţiei. The paper presents the essentials concerning the quantum entangled states as a fundamental resource for quantum informatics. The treatment roughly follows the debate of over 70 years generated by the Einstein, Podolsky, Rosen paper formulating what was later called “the EPR paradox”, and presents the celebrated experiments that settled the debate. Recent experiments on the application of entangled states such as quantum teleportation and its relevance for quantum communications are discussed.
Control theorems for Selmer groups of nearly ordinary deformations

Let p be an odd prime and let us fix the embeddings of the algebraic closure Q̄ of the field of rationals into C and the algebraic closure Q̄p of the field of p-adic numbers. Let T be a p-adic family of rank two Galois representations, that is, T is a free module of rank two over a complete local noetherian ring R of characteristic zero with finite residue field of characteristic p on which the absolute Galois group GF of a number field F acts continuously. We fix a Zariski-dense subset S of Homcont(R, Q̄p). We assume that the triple (T , R, S) satisfies the following properties: (1) The action of GF on T is unramified outside a finite set of places Σ. (2) For each κ ∈ S, the GF -representation Tκ = T ⊗R κ(R) is a lattice of the p-adic étale realization Vκ is of a pure motive Mκ which is critical in the sense of [De79]. (3) For every κ ∈ S, the complex L-function L(Mκ, s) is meromorphically continued to the whole complex plane.
Society-Centered and DAO-Powered Sustainability in Transportation 5.0: An Intelligent Vehicles Perspective

As economic and social activities continue to increase, transportation is increasingly contributing to climate change, air pollution and other environmental damage. The growing concerns about the sustainability of transportation are forcing everyone in this field to think about solutions to keep our mobility environmentally, economically and socially sustainable. To provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and experiences from industry, academia and the public sector, we have recently held a series of seminars and the first Distributed/Decentralized Hybrid Workshop on Sustainability for Transportation and Logistics (DHW-STL), part of Distributed/Decentralized Hybrid Symposia on Sustainability for Transportation and Logistics (DHS-STL), and Distributed/Decentralized Hybrid Conferences on Sustainability for Transportation and Logistics (DHC-STL). This letter provides a brief report of the First DHW-STL and discusses the potentials, possibilities and perspectives driven by Intelligent Vehicles (IV) technologies to achieve sustainable intelligent systems for transportation and logistics.
A local attenuation filter for accurate photometry of near-infrared bright stars

I have developed a special ND filter (Local Attenuation Filter) for observing bright near-infrared stars. This filter is a 60mm diameter with a 4mm thickness, on which an attenuation (0.02% transparency) patch with an 8mm diameter is coated. This filter is expected to be installed near the focal plane of telescope, and the flux through this patch is attenuated. Using this filter, we can observe the attenuated bright star together with not affected field stars as reference for relative photometry. This filter has been installed to the IRSF 1.4m telescope and used for the monitoring of NIR bright stars, for example, η Car.
Fast Energy-Harvesting TEG-Supplied Charging Regulator Microsystem

This article presents a fast hysteretic switched-inductor charging regulator (SLCR) microsystem. It is powered by on-chip thermoelectric generators (TEGs) to supply Internet-of-Things (IoT) wireless microsensors. On-chip TEGs are appealing because they are 12–1400× smaller than off-chip ones. IoT sensors mostly idle in low-power mode and transmit data wirelessly only in high-power mode on demand. This requires CMOS SLCRs to respond quickly to abrupt load dumps caused by IoT sensors. State-of-the-art (SoA) SLCRs respond to load dumps in 100 μs–2.5 ms. This time duration amounts to a significant portion of the IoT sensor's data transmission time (500 μs–7 ms). This slow response time jeopardizes the quality of data transmission. This article presents a fast hysteretic control that responds in 9.6 μs. This control adopts nested hysteretic architecture and requires only three comparators and simple combinational logics, which is appealing, considering the low power budget limited by on-chip TEGs. Moreover, this article contributes detailed stability analysis, derives response time and accuracy, and provides intuitive and accurate system design equations. Measured results of a 180-nm CMOS prototype validate that the proposed system shortens response time by 10–260× compared with the SoA.
An encryption scheme based on DNA

Using the technologies of DNA synthesis,DNA clone,PCR and DNA chip and the theory of computational complexity,an encryption scheme is formed.In the scheme,encryption is to confect a specially designed DNA mixture and decryption is the hybridization of DNA sequances on a DNA chip(microarray). Thousands of billions of DNA probes are hybridized and identified according to the Watson-Crick complementarity on a DNA chip simultaneously.The great potential of DNA in vast parallelism computation and extraordinary information density is shown in this scheme to some degree.The limitations of current DNA technology and computational technology are the double guarantee for this scheme.
Improved dyadic wavelet transform with fuzzy logic for diagnosing oscillating process variable

The oscillation of a process variable is a common indication of poor performance in a chemical plant. It is usually caused by three major problems, i.e. external sinusoid disturbance, mistuned controller, and valve stiction. The problem should be diagnosed to eliminate this oscillation. This paper presents a new method to diagnose the oscillation. This method is based on discrete dyadic wavelet transform combined with fuzzy logic for decision analysis. It is evaluated by oscillating the process of variable data sets. The data sets are simulated in first order plus delay time control loop in five different conditions. The evaluation results show that this method can diagnose the oscillation correctly
Professionalism in small group learning between face-to-face and virtual settings: a mixed-methods study

Objectives To explore whether and how preclinical medical students changed perceptions and behaviors related to professionalism in small group learning activities from face-to-face to virtual during the pandemic. Methods The study used a mixed-methods sequential research design. We first retrospectively examined quantitative data from 101 medical students who completed mandatory peer evaluation surveys assessing professional behaviors of small group members in two courses (one face-to-face, the other online). Differences between student perceptions in two settings were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Findings from the quantitative stage were probed further using focus groups at the qualitative stage. Six focus groups (n = 27) were conducted using purposeful sampling. Interviews were transcribed and inductive thematic coding was used to identify emerging themes. Results We found a significant decrease in perceptions of punctuality and attendance in the virtual setting compared to face-to-face learning (Z=-6.211, p<.001), despite lower expectations of their peers in online learning. Five major themes emerged from the qualitative data: punctuality/participation, camera usage, dress code/conversational style, multitasking, and engagement/accountability. Participants showed sensitivity when conceptualizing professional conduct, indicating the dynamic process of professional identity formation at the early stage of their career. Conclusions Results show that students’ perceptions of professionalism become contextualized, significantly influenced by the background of the virtual learning environment. Intentional communication about professionalism within specific sociocultural and educational contexts is vital for individual professional identity formation. These findings support of the importance of considering context when educational programs develop curricula and establish expectations related to professionalism.
The Pharmacological Treatment of Chronic Pain: From Guidelines to Daily Clinical Practice

In agreement with the International Association for the Study of Pain, chronic pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. To date, there are several types of pain: nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic. In the present narrative review, we evaluated the characteristics of the drugs used for each type of pain, according to guidelines, and their effects in people with comorbidity to reduce the development of severe adverse events.
Automated detection of HER 2 amplification status in FISH images using object localization networks

The HER2 gene amplification status is important for therapy assessment in breast and gastric cancer. It is routinely assessed visually by pathologists based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) imaging. To improve the accuracy and objectivity of this procedure, we have developed a two-step pipeline for the detection, localization and classification of interphase nuclei and fluorescence signals based on RetinaNet-based object detection networks. We demonstrate that the nucleus-level detection accuracy of this pipeline is on par with a team of pathologists and achieves a 96% accuracy for the classification of whole FISH slides. Moreover, by classifying each nucleus twice, our system provides rich medical reports increasing both robustness and interpretability. Our pipeline is a first step in automating the evaluation of the HER2 status of tumors using FISH images and in optimizing the documentation of each tumor sample by automatically annotating and reporting of the HER2 gene amplification status. For more details, refer to (Zakrzewski et al., 2019).
Geometry ofplasma dynamics II: Lie algebra of Hamiltonian vector fields

We introduce natural differential geometric structures underlying the Poisson-Vlasov equations in momentum variables. First, we decompose the space of all vector fields over particle phase space into a semi-direct product algebra of Hamiltonian vector fields and its complement. The latter is related to dual space of the Lie algebra. We identify generators of homotheties as dynamically irrelevant vector fields in the complement. Lie algebra of Hamiltonian vector fields is isomorphic to the space of all Lagrangian submanifolds with respect to Tulczyjew symplectic structure. This is obtained as tangent space at the identity of the group of canonical diffeomorphisms represented as space of sections of a trivial bundle. We obtain the momentum-Vlasov equations as vertical equivalence, or representative, of complete cotangent lift of Hamiltonian vector field generating particle motion. Vertical representatives can be described by holonomic lift from a Whitney product to a Tulczyjew symplectic space. We show that vertical representatives of complete cotangent lifts form an integrable subbundle of this Tulczyjew space. We exhibit dynamical relations between Lie algebras of Hamiltonian vector fields and of contact vector fields, in particular; infinitesimal quantomorphisms on quantization bundle. Gauge symmetries of particle motion are extended to tensorial objects including complete lift of particle motion. Poisson equation is then obtained as zero value of momentum map for the Hamiltonian action of gauge symmetries for kinematical description.
MultiComBat: ComBat harmonization of multiple batch variables

Background: ComBat is a promising harmonization method for biomedical imaging data acquired on multiple scanners, but it cannot harmonize by multiple batch effects. In this work, we generalize the ComBat model to incorporate multiple batch effects and modify the estimation algorithm to estimate the corresponding corrections. We evaluate our method, which we refer to as MultiComBat, in simulated data and demonstrate effective harmonization. Methods: In MultiComBat, the standard ComBat model is generalized to incorporate multiple batch variables by taking the sum and product of location and scale parameters across all batch memberships for a sample. The estimation algorithm for MultiComBat frames the method of moments estimation for the hyperparameters of the prior distributions for the location and scale parameters as a system of equations solvable with least squares. The hyperparameters are then used in posterior estimation for the location and scale correction factors needed for final data adjustment. We evaluate the MultiComBat approach by adding simulated batch effects for multiple batch variables to simulated radiomic features. Results: MultiComBat reduced the number of features with significant distribution differences due to multiple batch variables and resulted in more visually similar feature distributions, indicating successful correction of multiple batch effects. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that MultiComBat can be used to harmonize by multiple batch effects and is superior to standard ComBat. Larger studies are warranted to fully validate these findings.
Diversity of Pholcus Spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) in China’s Lüliang Mountains: An Integrated Morphological and Molecular Approach

Simple Summary Pholcus is the most diverse spider genus in Pholcidae, and is widely distributed in the Palaearctic, Indo-Malayan, Afrotropical, and Australasian Regions. Previously, the Pholcus spiders have not been recorded from the Lüliang Mountains of North China. We undertook an expedition there for the first time. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data from four gene fragments (COI, H3, wnt, 28S) suggested that Pholcus from the Lüliang Mountains were grouped into nine well-supported clades. We adopted an integrative approach, including morphology and four methods of molecular species delimitation (ABGD, GMYC, bPTP, and BPP), to investigate species boundaries. Such analyses identified the nine clades as nine separate species, of which eight are new to science. All of them belong to the P. phungiformes species group. Abstract Spiders of the genus Pholcus were collected for the first time during an expedition to the Lüliang Mountains in Shanxi Province, North China. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data from COI, H3, wnt, and 28S genes allowed us to group them into nine well-supported clades. We used morphology and four methods of molecular species delimitation, namely Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), the Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC), Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP), and Bayesian Phylogenetics and Phylogeography (BPP), to investigate species boundaries. These integrative taxonomic analyses identified the nine clades as nine distinct species, comprising Pholcus luya Peng & Zhang, 2013 and eight other species new to science: Pholcus jiaocheng sp. nov., Pholcus linfen sp. nov., Pholcus lishi sp. nov., Pholcus luliang sp. nov., Pholcus wenshui sp. nov., Pholcus xiangfen sp. nov., Pholcus xuanzhong sp. nov., and Pholcus zhongyang sp. nov. The species occur in geographic proximity and show many morphological similarities. All of them belong to the P. phungiformes species group. The records from the Lüliang Mountains represent the westernmost distribution limit of this species group.
Net Portal Appearance of Amino Acids in Iberian and Landrace Pigs Fed Different Protein Content in the Diet

Simple Summary Iberian pig (Sus mediterraneus) is a rustic breed that thrives in the Mediterranean forest in the Southwest of the Iberian Peninsula, traditionally raised in open range, grazing acorn and grass. The information on nutrient requirements of Iberian pigs compared with modern breeds is scarce and derived from modern breeds, even though there are evidences that they have distinct metabolic and nutritional features, showing a much lower growth rate and protein deposition. This study attempts to shed light on this issue. By using net portal appearance, the intestinal absorption of nutrients is considered, and therefore the nutrient availability for pig growth is estimated. The present study focused on the net portal appearance of amino acids in Iberian pigs compared to a modern breed known as Landrace. Iberian pigs showed a lower net portal appearance of amino acids than Landrace pigs, regardless of the content of protein in the diet. Differences in net portal appearance of amino acids may partially explain the lower growth rate of Iberian pigs compared to modern breeds, maybe as result of a greater use of amino acids by the gastrointestinal tract. Strategies supplementing key gut amino acids in support of gut function may improve pig performance during the productive period. Abstract Iberian pigs have low rates of muscle protein deposition compared with modern breeds. Differences in net portal appearance (NPA) of amino acids (AA) might partially explain that. NPA of AA was measured in six Iberian and six Landrace gilts (28 kg) fitted with catheters in portal and mesenteric (para-aminohippuric acid infusion) veins, and carotid artery. Blood samples from porta and artery were simultaneously taken at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, and 6-h after feeding two isoenergetic diets (14–14.5 MJ metabolizable energy/kg dry matter) with different crude protein (145 (LCP) and 187 (HCP) g/kg dry matter) content. NPA of essential AA (EAA) and non-essential AA (NEAA) was lower (p < 0.05) in Iberian than Landrace pigs, and in LCP than HCP diet. Fractional absorption (NPA/AA intake) of EAA, NEAA, and total AA was, respectively, 36, 49, and 44% lower in LCP than HCP diet in Iberian pigs; and 8, 2, and 4% greater in Landrace pigs. Fractional absorption of EAA, NEAA, and total AA was 42, 68, and 60% lower in Iberian than Landrace pigs fed LPC diet; and 1, 36, and 26% when fed the HCP diet. NPA of AA may partially explain the low growth rate of Iberian pigs.
Compares the effectiveness of the bagging method in classifying spices using the histogram of oriented gradient feature extraction technique

Spice classification is a crucial task in the food industry to ensure food safety and quality. This study focuses on the classification of spices using the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HoG) feature extraction method and bagging method. The objective of this research is to compare the performance of three different models of bagging method, including Bootstrap Aggregating (Bagging), Random Forests, and Extra Tree Classifier, in classifying spices. The evaluation metrics used in this research are Precision, Recall, F1-Score, F2-Score, Jaccard Score, and Accuracy. The results show that the Random Forest model achieved the best performance, with precision, recall, F1-score, F2-Score, Jaccard, and Accuracy values of 0.861, 0.8633, 0.8587, 0.8607, 0.7694, and 0.8733 respectively. On the other hand, the Extra Tree Classifier had the lowest performance with precision, recall, F1-score, F2-Score, Jaccard, and Accuracy values of 0.7034, 0.7958, 0.7037, 0.7047, 0.5635, and 0.72 respectively. Overall, the results indicate a fairly good success rate in classifying spices using the HoG feature extraction method and bagging method. However, further evaluation is needed to improve the accuracy of the classification results, such as increasing the number of training data or considering the use of other feature extraction methods. The findings of this research may have significant implications for the food industry in ensuring the quality and safety of food products.
White Wine Quality Prediction and Analysis with Machine Learning Techniques

The wine originated 7,500 years ago, and it is one of the most popular alcoholic beverages in the world today. With modern advances in production processes, the quality of wine has been significantly improved. White wines can be graded by measuring various physical and chemical quantities. In reality, it is very rare for white wines to have dramatic quality differences, so precisely capturing these important characteristics will be difficult. In addition, the available dataset for wine quality is relatively small and imbalanced, so it is not easy to train a machine learning model for wine quality prediction. This paper explores the applicability of applying logistic regression machine learning models for wine quality prediction. The Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) algorithm is applied to address the imbalanced data issue. The key features in wine production are analyzed to the physical or chemical quantities that are most likely to influence the quality of white wines. In several tests, the random forest model gives good results, and free sulfur dioxide, chlorides, and fixed acidity are the most likely characteristics to influence the quality of white wines.