Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recommending Framework Extension Examples

The use of software frameworks enables the delivery of common functionality but with significantly less effort than when developing from scratch. To meet application specific requirements, the behavior of a framework needs to be customized via extension points. A common way of customizing framework behavior is by passing a framework related object as an argument to an API call. Such an object can be created by subclassing an existing framework class or interface, or by directly customizing an existing framework object. However, to do this effectively requires developers to have extensive knowledge of the framework's extension points and their interactions. To aid the developers in this regard, we propose and evaluate a graph mining approach for extension point management. Specifically, we propose a taxonomy of extension patterns to categorize the various ways an extension point has been used in the code examples. Our approach mines a large amount of code examples to discover all extension points and patterns for each framework class. Given a framework class that is being used, our approach aids the developer by following a two-step recommendation process. First, it recommends all the extension points that are available in the class. Once the developer chooses an extension point, our approach then discovers all of its usage patterns and recommends the best code examples for each pattern. Using five frameworks, we evaluate the performance of our two-step recommendation, in terms of precision, recall, and F-measure. We also report several statistics related to framework extension points.
Mini Review Article

Early life stress and hippocampal neurogenesis in the neonate: sexual dimorphism, long term consequences and possible mediators Adverse early life experience decreases adult hippocampal neurogenesis and results in increased vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite that the effects of postnatal stress on neurogenesis have been widely studied in adult individuals, few efforts have been done to evaluate its immediate effects on the developing hippocampus. Moreover, it is not clear whether postnatal stress causes a differential impact in hippocampus development in male and female neonates that could be related to emotional deficits in adulthood. It has been proposed that the long term effects of early stress exposure rise from a persistent HPA axis activation during sensitive time windows; nevertheless the exact mechanisms and mediators remain unknown. Here, we summarize the immediate and late effects of early life stress on hippocampal neurogenesis in male and female rat pups, compare its later consequences in emotionality, and highlight some relevant mediator peptides that could be potentially involved in programming.
Cooperation in Delay-Tolerant Networks With Wireless Energy Transfer: Performance Analysis and Optimization

We consider a delay-tolerant network (DTN) whose mobile nodes are assigned to collect packets from data sources and deliver them to a sink (i.e., a gateway). Each mobile node operates by using energy transferred wirelessly from the gateway. For such a network, two main issues are studied. First, when a mobile node is at the data source, this node must decide on whether to accept the packet received from the data source or not. In contrast, whenever a mobile node is at the gateway, it has to decide on whether to transmit the packets collected from the data sources or to request wireless energy transfer. Second, multiple mobile nodes can cooperate and form coalitions to help one another in the delivery of packets from their associated data sources. However, this cooperation may not be always beneficial due to the limited buffer and energy resources. Moreover, some mobile nodes may secretly decide to deviate from a given coalition, thus taking advantage of the other innocent mobile nodes. To address these two issues, this paper introduces a performance analysis and optimization framework, which is based on a joint optimization and game-theoretic framework. The optimization model is used to obtain the packet delivery policy of each individual mobile node. Then, a novel game-theoretic model, namely a repeated coalition formation game, is developed to analyze the cooperation strategies of multiple mobile nodes.
Computer-based decision support for railway traffic scheduling and dispatching: A review of models and algorithms

This paper provides an overview of the research in railway scheduling and dispatching. A distinction is made between tactical scheduling, operational scheduling and re-scheduling. Tactical scheduling refers to master scheduling, whereas operational scheduling concerns scheduling at a later stage. Re-scheduling focuses on the re-planning of an existing timetable when deviations from it have occurred. 48 approaches published between 1973 and 2005 have been reviewed according to a framework that classifies them with respect to problem type, solution mechanism, and type of evaluation. 26 of the approaches support the representation of a railway network rather than a railway line, but the majority has been experimentally evaluated for traffic on a line. 94 % of the approaches have been subject to some kind of experimental evaluation, while approximately 4 % have been implemented. The solutions proposed vary from myopic, priority-based algorithms, to traditional operations research techniques and the application of agent technology.This paper provides an overview of the research in railway scheduling and dispatching. A distinction is made between tactical scheduling, operational scheduling and re-scheduling. Tactical scheduling refers to master scheduling, whereas operational scheduling concerns scheduling at a later stage. Re-scheduling focuses on the re-planning of an existing timetable when deviations from it have occurred. 48 approaches published between 1973 and 2005 have been reviewed according to a framework that classifies them with respect to problem type, solution mechanism, and type of evaluation. 26 of the approaches support the representation of a railway network rather than a railway line, but the majority has been experimentally evaluated for traffic on a line. 94 % of the approaches have been subject to some kind of experimental evaluation, while approximately 4 % have been implemented. The solutions proposed vary from myopic, priority-based algorithms, to traditional operations research techniques and the application of agent technology.
Correlation and compatibility between surface respiratory electromyography and transesophageal diaphragmatic electromyography measurements during treadmill exercise in stable patients with COPD

Purpose To evaluate the compatibility and correlation between noninvasive surface respiratory electromyography and invasive transesophageal diaphragmatic electromyography measurements as facilitating indicators of neural respiratory drive (NRD) evaluation during treadmill exercise. Patients and methods Transesophageal diaphragmatic electromyogram activity (EMGdi,es) and surface inspiratory electromyogram (EMG) activity, including surface diaphragmatic EMG activity (EMGdi,sur), surface parasternal intercostal muscle EMG activity (EMGpara), and surface sternocleidomastoid EMG activity (EMGsc), were detected simultaneously during increasing exercise capacity in 20 stable patients with COPD. EMGdi,es, EMGdi,sur, EMGpara, and EMGsc were quantified using the root mean square (RMS) and were represented as RMSdi,es, RMSdi,sur, RMSpara, and RMSsc, respectively. Results There was a significant association between EMGdi,es and EMGdi,sur (r=0.966, p<0.01), EMGpara (r=0.967, p<0.01), and EMGsc (r=0.956, p<0.01) in the COPD patients during exercise. Bland-Altman plots showed that the lowest mean bias value was between EMGdi,es and EMGpara compared with the bias values between EMGdi,es and the other two EMG parameters. In comparing the estimation of EMGdi,es, we observed the lowest bias values (−1%) and the lowest limits of agreement values (−10% to −12%). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between EMGdi,es and EMGdi,sur was 0.978 (p<0.01), between EMGdi,es and EMGpara was 0.980 (p<0.01), and between EMGdi,es and EMGsc was 0.868 (p<0.01). Conclusion RMSdi,sur, RMSpara, and RMSsc could provide useful physiological markers of NRD in COPD. RMSpara shows the best compatibility and correlation with transesophageal diaphragmatic electromyography during treadmill exercise in stable patients with COPD.
Transitioning Manual System Test Suites to Automated Testing: An Industrial Case Study

Visual GUI testing (VGT) is an emerging technique that provides software companies with the capability to automate previously time-consuming, tedious, and fault prone manual system and acceptance tests. Previous work on VGT has shown that the technique is industrially applicable, but has not addressed the real-world applicability of the technique when used by practitioners on industrial grade systems. This paper presents a case study performed during an industrial project with the goal to transition from manual to automated system testing using VGT. Results of the study show that the VGT transition was successful and that VGT could be applied in the industrial context when performed by practitioners but that there were several problems that first had to be solved, e.g. testing of a distributed system, tool volatility. These problems and solutions have been presented together with qualitative, and quantitative, data about the benefits of the technique compared to manual testing, e.g. greatly improved execution speed, feasible transition and maintenance costs, improved bug finding ability. The study thereby provides valuable, and previously missing, contributions about VGT to both practitioners and researchers.
Performance of multiprocessor interconnection networks

A tutorial is provided on the performance evaluation of multiprocessor interconnection networks, to guide system designers in their design process. A classification of parallel/distributed systems is followed by a classification of multiprocessor interconnection networks. Basic terminology for performance evaluation is presented. The performance of crossbar interconnection networks, multistage interconnection networks, and multiple-bus systems is then addressed, and a comparison is made along them. <<ETX>>
Daclatasvir and reduced‐dose sofosbuvir: An effective and pangenotypic treatment for hepatitis C in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min

Sofosbuvir is a key agent for HCV treatment. It is not recommended for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min. We report real‐life experience of treating a cohort of CKD patients with eGFR <30 mL/min using daclatasvir and half‐daily dose of sofosbuvir.
The template and multiple inheritance approach into attribute grammars

Formal methods for describing programming language semantics, such as attribute grammars, operational semantics and denotational semantics, are not widely used since they are not modular, extensible and reusable. A novel modular, extensible and reusable approach for specifying programming languages with attribute grammars is presented. The concepts from object oriented programming, i.e. templates and multiple inheritance, have been integrated with attribute grammers. A template in attribute grammar is an abstraction of a semantic rule parameterized with attribute occurrences. On the other hand, the whole attribute grammar is a subject of multiple inheritance and specialization. With the proposed approach, a language designer has the chance to design incrementally a language or reuse some fragments from other programming language specifications. Templates and multiple inheritance have been implemented in our compiler generator tool LISA version 2.0.
Modeling and validation of a flywheel energy storage lab-setup

This work deals with the modeling, control and experimental validation of a flywheel test bench which is part of IREC's lab-scale microgrid. The storage device has been designed as a proof of concept. It is based on a low-speed rotating disk mechanically coupled to a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine. The electrical power is exchanged with the external grid by means of a set of back-to-back power converters. These power electronics control the speed of the machine, and thus the active power absorbed or injected by the device, and also regulate the reactive power at the point of common coupling with the external grid. Vector control techniques are used for designing the converter controllers: a field oriented vector control algorithm is implemented for governing the servomotor while the instantaneous power theory-based algorithm is used to manage the active and reactive currents flowing from the grid side converter. The control implementation in the experimental setup has been carried out by means of programming Digital Signal Processors (DSP's). The modeling and control system design has been validated after executing several experiments.
Plant snoRNA database

The Plant snoRNA database (http://www.scri.sari.ac.uk/plant_snoRNA/) provides information on small nucleolar RNAs from Arabidopsis and eighteen other plant species. Information includes sequences, expression data, methylation and pseudouridylation target modification sites, initial gene organization (polycistronic, single gene and intronic) and the number of gene variants. The Arabidopsis information is divided into box C/D and box H/ACA snoRNAs, and within each of these groups, by target sites in rRNA, snRNA or unknown. Alignments of orthologous genes and gene variants from different plant species are available for many snoRNA genes. Plant snoRNA genes have been given a standard nomenclature, designed wherever possible, to provide a consistent identity with yeast and human orthologues.
A RGB-D sensor and speech interaction based object manipulation system with improved CBR-BDI reasoning

We design a kind of object manipulation system, which is based on Robot Operating System (ROS) distributed processing framework. This system can communicate with human beings; can percept the 3D environment by RGB-D sensor; has the ability of reasoning; can transfer the natural language intention to machine instruction to control the movement of manipulator. In particular, an improved Case-Based Reasoning-Belief-Desire-Intention (CBR-BDI) reasoning method is proposed. Three parts are added on the CBR-BDI reasoning system, which are map matching, desire analysis and guidance. Such an improvement makes the reasoning engine can carry out in-depth reasoning actively when the user's intention is incomplete and/or mismatched with actual scene. The system could analysis the information which user inputted, interact with human and environment, guide user by conversation, improve user's beliefs, finally get the standardization of complete intention and transfer the intention to machine instructions. Experiment results prove the validity and practicability of our proposed method.
Design framework for high-performance optimal sampled-data control with application to a wafer stage

Control design for high-performance sampled-data systems with continuous time performance specifications is investigated. Direct optimal sampled-data control design explicitly addresses both the digital controller implementation and the intersample behaviour. The model that is required for direct optimal sampled-data control should evolve in continuous time. Accurate models for control design, however, generally evolve in discrete time since they are obtained by means of system identification techniques. The purpose of this paper is the development of a control design framework that enables the usage of models delivered by system identification techniques, while explicitly addressing both the digital controller implementation and the intersample behaviour aspects. Thereto, the incompatibility of the models delivered by system identification techniques and the models used in sampled-data control is analysed. To use models delivered by system identification techniques in conjunction with optimal sampled-data control, tools are employed that stem from multirate system theory. For the actual control design, key theoretical issues in sampled-data control, which include the linear periodically time-varying nature of sampled-data systems, are addressed. The control design approach is applied to the -optimal feedback control design of an industrial high-performance wafer scanner. Experimental results illustrate the necessity of addressing the intersample behaviour in high-performance control design.
Cut times for Simple Random Walk Cut times for Simple Random Walk

Let S(n) be a simple random walk taking values in Z d. A time n is called a cut time if S0; n] \ Sn + 1; 1) = ;: We show that in three dimensions the number of cut times less than n grows like n 1? where = d is the intersection exponent. As part of the proof we show that in two or three dimensions PfS0; n] \ Sn + 1; 2n] = ;g n ? ; where denotes that each side is bounded by a constant times the other side.
Latent Semantic Analysis for Computer Vocabulary

In the work described in this paper we undertook a fundamental, proof-of-concept exploration of an unsupervised technique for extracting and representing word meanings, called Latent Semantic Analysis. In this paper we detail an implementation of LSA for the purpose of vocabulary acquisition and report preliminary results from testing it on English vocabulary tests akin to the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). We encountered several difficulties, which are also described.
Evolution of Safety Management and Systems in a Steel Production Organization

The objective of this research was to examine the development of safety management in case company Production division. The emphasis is on the present situation and the purpose was to give a general view of safety management. The idea was also to create practical implications as development focuses for the future. The theoretical background of this research is based on organizations, management and leadership, safety culture, safety management systems and risk management. The safety management systems and methods and the historical background were reviewed. The case description is based on ten interviews made in four production sites of the case organisation. The interviews were used to create a description of the historical development and the applications of different sectors of safety management. The most important strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are summarized by applying SWOT analysis. The present situation of the corporate safety and security was assessed by means of an applied version of Capability Maturity Model Integration. The future development focuses were created on the basis of theory, interviews, SWOT analysis and CMMI model. Personnel safety, crime prevention, security of premises and safety in case of non- domestic activity are on a low level. Occupational and Environmental safety are on a highest level. Safety actions should be more proactive and systematic.
Liver glycogen in man--the effect of total starvation or a carbohydrate-poor diet followed by carbohydrate refeeding.

Liver glycogen content was determined in specimens obtained by repeated percutaneous biopsies during starvation and under various dietary conditions in 19 human subjects. During rest and following an overnight fast, there was a decrease in liver glycogen content by a mean of 0.30 mmol glucosyl units per kg wet liver tissue per min during a further 4 hours' starvation. Prolonged starvation or carbohydrate-poor normocaloric diet decreased the liver glycogen from a mean of 232 to 24–55 mmol glucosyl units per kg within 24 hours. During an additional period of up to 9 days on the carbohydrate-poor diet the liver glycogen remained at a low level. Refeeding with a carbohydrate-rich diet gave a rapid increase of the liver glycogen to supernormal values, 424–624 mmol glucosyl units per kg wet liver tissue.
Anti-CTLA-4 therapy results in higher CD4+ICOShi T cell frequency and IFN-γ levels in both nonmalignant and malignant prostate tissues

Cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) blockade is an active immunotherapeutic strategy that is currently in clinical trials in cancer. There are several ongoing trials of anti-CTLA-4 in the metastatic setting of prostate cancer patients with reported clinical responses consisting of decreases in the prostate specific antigen (PSA) tumor marker for some patients. Immunologic markers that correlate with these clinical responses are necessary to guide further development of anti-CTLA-4 therapy in the treatment of cancer patients. We recently reported that CD4+ inducible co-stimulator (ICOS)hi T cells that produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ) are increased in the peripheral blood and tumor tissues of bladder cancer patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 antibody. Here we present data from the same clinical trial in bladder cancer patients demonstrating a higher frequency of CD4+ICOShi T cells and IFN-γ mRNA levels in nonmalignant prostate tissues and incidental prostate tumor tissues removed at the time of radical cystoprostatectomy. Our data suggest immunologic markers that can be used to monitor prostate cancer patients who receive anti-CTLA-4 therapy and indicate that the immunologic impact of anti-CTLA-4 antibody can occur in both tumor and nonmalignant tissues. These data should be taken into consideration for evaluation of efficacy as well as immune-related adverse events associated with anti-CTLA-4 therapy.
Garment vs. bed-sheet sensors: to deal with pressure dispersion cushion use in pressure ulcer prevention

Our project is estimating and reducing the risk of pressure ulcers using bed-sheet-type textile pressure sensors. However, body-pressure dispersion cushions interfere with accurate sensing and cause such problems as indistinct body-pressure changes, blurred body shape, and unmeasurable body-pressure changes. To solve these issues, we implement a garment-type pressure sensor that measures the pressures that are directly added to the human skin. Our sensor successfully detected the body-pressure changes that are overlooked by bed-sheet-type sensors, avoided body-pressure shape vagueness, and measured the pressure increase depending on the body part lift-up by cushion use through an experiment with 20 subjects.
Multichannel Acoustic Echo Cancellation in the Wave Domain With Increased Robustness to Nonuniqueness

Acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) is significantly more challenging in the case of multichannel reproduction compared to the single-channel case. This is mainly due to the so-called nonuniqueness problem, which becomes especially severe for massive multichannel reproduction systems like, e.g., wave field synthesis systems or higher-order ambisonics, where the different loudspeaker signals are often strongly correlated. In this paper, a multichannel wave-domain AEC structure is proposed that maintains robustness without altering the loudspeaker signals, as is commonly required to preserve the reproduction quality. The proposed method exploits the dominance of certain couplings in the wave-domain representation of the loudspeaker-enclosure-microphone system. In this representation, preferring a strong weight of the dominant couplings in the identified system improves the system identification performance. A modification of the well-known generalized frequency-domain adaptive filtering algorithm is then presented to implement the proposed approach, including a self-contained description of all necessary components. An experimental evaluation compares the proposed method to competing approaches and shows that the proposed method compares well in terms of convergence behavior while avoiding the performance degradation, which is intrinsic to other approaches.