Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wilderness Is the Prototype of Nature Regardless of the Individual’s Connection to Nature. An Empirical Verification of the Solastalgia Effect

(1) Background: Connectedness with Nature is a personality trait that influences our relationship with Nature. But Nature is not all the same. Wilderness is Nature in its original form, the form within which human beings have evolved as a species, while what we refer to as domesticated and urban Nature are relatively recent products of our interaction with the environment. (2) Aim: The main purpose of this study was to verify whether the individual trait “connection to Nature” influences the perception of restoration, preference for and familiarity with three types of Nature: wilderness, domesticated and urban. (3) Results: Regardless of the level of connection to Nature, wilderness is always perceived as more restorative than the domesticated or urban environment. Individuals with higher connectedness prefer wilderness more than others, and they are able to recognise the restorative value of domesticated environments more than those with medium or low levels of connectedness. Less connected individuals tend to prefer domesticated environments, although wilderness is more familiar to them. (4) Conclusions: This study shows that, despite our detachment from Nature, wilderness is the prototype of Nature, and this finding offers a plausible evolutionary explanation of solastalgia.
A Bibliometric Review of Trends in Indigenous Tourism

Indigenous tourism has become a rapidly increasing trend due to its potential to improve the marginalised economic status and political power of Indigenous people. Over the last 45 years, research on Indigenous tourism has grown rapidly. However, the review of existing Indigenous tourism study trends is limited. Thus, the purpose of this study is to furnish an overview of the evolution of scientific research on Indigenous tourism from 1977 to 2022 and to determine the direction of future research. A bibliometric approach was employed to analyse 1733 samples retrieved from the Scopus database. VOSviewer, Harzing’s Publish or Perish, and Microsoft Excel were utilised to analyse the data. Thereby, this study highlighted the current trends, prominent countries, institutions, and authors in Indigenous tourism. In addition, the prevalent theme and direction of further research were also discussed. This study provides a complete evaluation of the Indigenous tourism review, which could aid others in understanding Indigenous tourism development, research trends, and its institutional scientific collaboration.
Shipboard DC Systems—A Critical Overview: Challenges in Primary Distribution, Power-Electronics-Based Protection, and Power Scalability

This article gives an overview of challenges in primary distribution, protections, and power scalability for shipboard dc systems. Given that dc technology is in development, several aspects of shipboard systems have not yet been sufficiently devised to ensure the protection and efficiency demanded. Several issues in dc systems arise from the lack of complete relevant standardization from different regulation bodies. Unipolar and bipolar bus architectures have application-specific advantages that are discussed and compared. The placement of power electronics in dc systems creates opportunities for switchboard design, and this article compares the centralized and distributed approaches. Likewise, protection architectures for shipboard dc systems have challenges. Breaker-based protection utilizes slow fuses, mechanical circuit breakers, and solid-state circuit breakers. In addition, power-electronics-based protection embeds the protective circuit in the power converters, but its development lags. This article compares the state-of-the-art technologies, reviewing their main features. Finally, the power requirement of various applications and the low production rate of vessels force the designers to utilize commercial off-the-shelf converters to scale up power. The misuse of such converters, the modular topologies, and power electronics building blocks are exposed highlighting challenges and opportunities toward the mass adoption of dc systems onboard maritime vessels.
Physiological, growth, yield, and quality responses of hot pepper due to shade level

ABSTRACT High temperatures, high relative humidity, and frequent rainfall limit productivity and quality of red chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L) with 30,000 to 50,000 Scoville units. Growers in greenhouses use shading screens to limit incidence radiation in order to avoid the issue of too high temperatures and high radiation. A pot experiment was conducted to assess growth, physiology, yield, and quality responses of three pepper varieties under four shade levels. The combined effects of shade level and pepper variety affected days to 50% flowering, days to breaker stage, plant height, node number, internode length, branch number, relative growth rate, leaf number, leaf area, transpiration rate, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, fruit length, fruit weight per plant, total soluble solids, marketable fruit yield, cull fruit yield, total fresh fruit yield, and total dry fruit yield. Shade levels from 25% to 50% positively affected chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, fruit yield, and quality parameters; above this shade level, these parameters were negatively affected in all pepper varieties. Light and shade influenced growth, physiology, yield, and quality of hot peppers. The hot pepper variety Mareko Fana, grown under 25% shade, improved its productivity and pod quality.
Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Cold-Brew Method for Developing Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)-Based Tisane with High Antioxidant Activity

Edible flowers, including roselle, contain a varied composition of phenolic compounds that may inhibit the oxidative stress mechanism. Roselle-based tisane with appealing sensory properties is commonly consumed worldwide. However, the conventional hot-brew method may ruin the stability of thermolabile phenolic compounds during the tisane preparation. Hence, this study aimed to develop a new alternative brewing method linked with the new cold-brew method, which involves a lower temperature and applying ultrasound to maximize the extraction of phenolic compounds and to avoid degradation during the tisane preparation. The brewing factors, including particle size (10, 20, 30 mesh), temperature (4, 15, 26 °C), time (10, 20, 30 min), and ultrasound amplitude (20, 60, 100% of the maximum amplitude) have been optimized simultaneously using Box–Behnken design in conjunction with response surface methodology. Seven major phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC-DAD and classified into hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (HCA) and flavonoids. The optimum extraction condition to reach the highest level of the studied phenolic compounds was set to brew roselle with particle size of 30 ± 3.25 mesh at 26 ± 1.32 °C for 18 ± 2.00 min applying 78 ± 5.64% ultrasound amplitude. This method successfully extracted almost all HCA and flavonoid during the first cycle with less than 10% CV and provided higher antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH (IC50 9.77 ± 0.01 µg mL−1), ABTS (IC50 8.05 ± 0.02 µg mL−1), and FRAP (IC50 10.34 ± 0.03 µg mL−1) than the roselle tisane prepared using the conventional method. Additionally, the resulting cold-brew product was stable for up to five days of storage.
Efficient atom selection strategy for iterative sparse approximations

We propose a low-computational strategy for the efficient implementation of the "atom selection step" in sparse representation algorithms. The proposed procedure is based on simple tests enabling to identify subsets of atoms which cannot be selected. Our procedure applies on both discrete or continuous dictionaries. Experiments performed on DOA and Gaussian deconvolution problems show the computational gain induced by the proposed approach.
Australian English speakers’ attitudes to fricated coda /t/

ABSTRACT The fricated allophone of coda /t/ is a variant in which full occlusion of the alveolar stop is not achieved, resulting in the consonant instead being produced via frication. Fricated /t/ is attested in several varieties of English from the British Isles and Southern Hemisphere. While awareness of the variant can be found in Australian popular culture, it has been the focus of few sociophonetic studies. Here we report on an experiment which investigated the social meanings that Australian English (AusE) speakers ascribe to fricated /t/. We used an online matched guise paradigm in which listeners were presented with short utterances from six speakers that had been acoustically manipulated to differ only in the variant of phrase-final /t/. Using a series of sliding scales, 100 listeners recorded their impressions of the speakers, both in terms of the speakers’ social identity and favourability. We hypothesized that AusE listeners would associate fricated /t/ with the descriptors ‘urban’ and ‘educated’, and that, for the three male speakers, fricated and released /t/ would be associated with the description ‘gay’. Partially consistent with the first hypothesis, results revealed that tokens were rated significantly more educated in the fricated guise than the unreleased guise, but this effect was driven by one male speaker who was also rated ‘straight’ and ‘rural’. Guise did not significantly predict ratings of ruralness, nor were male speakers rated significantly more gay in any specific guise. Additionally, straight males rated the accent of the gayest rated male speaker least like their own, unlike gay males or females and others. It is posited that the articulation associated with fricated /t/ situates it within an indexical field pointing to education, but that the effect of this is modulated by the presence of other indicators or markers.
Multilevel Context Feature Fusion for Semantic Segmentation of ALS Point Cloud

Semantic segmentation of airborne laser scanning (ALS) point clouds using deep learning is a hot research in remote sensing and photogrammetry. A current trend is to aggregate contextual features from different scales for boosting network generalization and diversity discrimination capabilities. One main challenge is how to achieve effective fusion with multiscale information. In this letter, we propose a multilevel context feature fusion network (MCFN) for semantic segmentation of ALS point cloud based on an encoder–decoder structure. More specifically, we design the squeeze-expansion shared multilayer perceptron (SE-MLP) module following kernel point convolution (KPConv) in the encoding stage, which can extend the receptive field of KPConv. To aggregate low-level features and high-level representations, we establish channel self-attention between skip connections. In the decoding stage, we develop a cross-layer attention fusion (CAF) module to generate additional discriminative channel features by fusing multiscale features at different upsampling layers. Experiments on the ISPRS and LASDU datasets demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method. Code: https://github.com/SC-shendazt/MCFN.
Mobile and web based applications for supporting locating of hospital services: a case of micro-health initiative organization

Tanzania has various health policies and strategic plans including the digital health strategy 2019 - 2024". However, these policies mainly address systematic issues to ensure better availability and delivery of health services. The adoption of technology on the health sectors in Tanzania is growing rapidly. Other factors such as income and health insurance status also affect utilization of health services, and are not as widely captured. This study aimed at improving health services seeking behavior through the development of mobile applications and web applications that help patients identify health facilities near their locations, the services available at these facilities and the cost of services. The study employed quantitative research method where data were collected from community and health workers using questionnaires and observations. The data were analyzed using Jupiter python. The results indicated that both mobile and web applications improved accessibility of patients get to know nearby hospitals, services the hospital provides, prices of the services on different hospital. Therefore, it is easy for patient to decide depending on the money he or she have. The other key finding is that patients to be able to book the appointment depending on the hospital services chosen. Hence, provides easiness to the community for patients or anyone who need hospital services.
The effect of using group-averaged or individualized brain parcellations when investigating connectome dysfunction in psychosis

Abstract Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used to investigate functional coupling (FC) disturbances in a range of clinical disorders. Most analyses performed to date have used group-based parcellations for defining regions of interest (ROIs), in which a single parcellation is applied to each brain. This approach neglects individual differences in brain functional organization and may inaccurately delineate the true borders of functional regions. These inaccuracies could inflate or underestimate group differences in case-control analyses. We investigated how individual differences in brain organization influence group comparisons of FC using psychosis as a case study, drawing on fMRI data in 121 early psychosis patients and 57 controls. We defined FC networks using either a group-based parcellation or an individually tailored variant of the same parcellation. Individualized parcellations yielded more functionally homogeneous ROIs than did group-based parcellations. At the level of individual connections, case-control FC differences were widespread, but the group-based parcellation identified approximately 7.7% more connections as dysfunctional than the individualized parcellation. When considering differences at the level of functional networks, the results from both parcellations converged. Our results suggest that a substantial fraction of dysconnectivity previously observed in psychosis may be driven by the parcellation method, rather than by a pathophysiological process related to psychosis.
Star-Specific Key-Homomorphic PRFs From Learning With Linear Regression

We introduce a novel method to derandomize the learning with errors (LWE) problem by generating deterministic yet sufficiently independent LWE instances that are constructed by using linear regression models, which are generated via (wireless) communication errors. We also introduce star-specific key-homomorphic (SSKH) pseudorandom functions (PRFs), which are defined by the respective sets of parties that construct them. We use our derandomized variant of LWE to construct a SSKH PRF family. The sets of parties constructing SSKH PRFs are arranged as star graphs with possibly shared vertices, i.e., the pairs of sets may have non-empty intersections. We reduce the security of our SSKH PRF family to the hardness of LWE. To establish the maximum number of SSKH PRFs that can be constructed — by a set of parties — in the presence of passive/active and external/internal adversaries, we prove several bounds on the size of maximally cover-free at most <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-intersecting <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-uniform family of sets <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathcal {H}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where the three properties are defined as: (i) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-uniform: <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\forall A \in \mathcal {H}: |A| = k$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, (ii) at most <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-intersecting: <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\forall A, B \in \mathcal {H}, B \neq A: |A \cap B| \leq t$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, (iii) maximally cover-free: <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\begin{aligned} \forall A \in \mathcal {H}: A \not \subseteq \bigcup \limits _{\substack {B \in \mathcal {H} \\ B \neq A}} B \end{aligned}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. For the same purpose, we define and compute the mutual information between different linear regression hypotheses that are generated from overlapping training datasets.
Prediction of Oil Consumption and Oil Access of Countries in The European Union Region with Machine Learning

-Depending on the pandemic process, there are some problems around the world. One of them is the problem of fuel consumption and access to fuel. As a result of breakdowns in supply chains, accessibility and consumption processes for oil have changed. Accordingly, it is of great importance that future oil production, consumption, and access to oil can be predicted by some methods. Artificial intelligence stands out as a tool that can be used in this prediction. In current studies, artificial intelligence is often used for predictive purposes. In this study, it is tried to predict the future change in oil consumption and access to oil in the European Union region and candidate countries. Decision trees, Naive Bayes, Support vector machines (SVM), K nearest neighbour (k-NN), and Ensemble Boosted trees were used as methods from supervised and unsupervised machine learning approaches. Depending on the different test parameters of the methods used, the estimation successes were observed, and the results were reported.
A Phenomenological Gradient Approach to Generalized Constitutive Equations for Isotropic Fluids

An extension of the linear irreversible thermodynamics is proposed through the inclusion of the first gradients of velocity and of the classical local state parameters as additional independent variables in the fundamental energy state equation of a fluid system. We show that consistency of this hypothesis with the energy balance equation leads to generalized nonlinear constitutive equations, which we discuss in terms of an isotropic non-Newtonian viscous fluid.
Exposure to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Increases Estradiol Levels and Induces an Antioxidant Response in Antral Ovarian Follicles In Vitro

The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) in consumer products is increasing, raising concern about their potential toxicity to human health. Nanoparticles have endocrine disrupting effects and can induce oxidative stress, leading to biomolecule oxidation and cell dysfunction. The ovary is one of the most important endocrine organs in female reproduction. Nanoparticles accumulate in the ovary, but it is unknown whether and how exposure to these materials disrupts antral follicle functions. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that the in vitro exposure to ZnO NPs affects the steroidogenic pathway and induces oxidative stress in ovarian antral follicles. Antral follicles from CD-1 mice were cultured with ZnO NPs (5, 10, and 15 µg/mL) for 96 h. ZnO NP exposure did not affect apoptosis and cell cycle regulators at any of the tested concentrations. ZnO NP exposure at low levels (5 µg/mL) increased aromatase levels, leading to increased estradiol levels and decreased estrogen receptor alpha (Esr1) expression. ZnO NP exposure at 15 µg/mL induced an antioxidant response in the antral follicles as evidenced by changes in expression of antioxidant molecules (Nrf2, Cat, Sod1, Gsr, Gpx) and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species. Interestingly, ZnO NPs dissolve up to 50% in media and are internalized in cells as soon as 1 h after culture. In conclusion, ZnO NPs are internalized in antral follicles, leading to increased estrogen production and an antioxidant response.
Thin film organic photodetectors for indirect X-ray detection demonstrating low dose rate sensitivity at low voltage operation

Developments in the field of organic semiconductors have generated organic photodetectors with high quantum efficiency, wide spectral sensitivity, low power consumption, and unique form factors that are flexible and conformable to their substrate shape. In this work, organic photodetectors coupled with inorganic CsI(Tl) scintillators are used to showcase the low dose rate sensitivity that is enabled when high performance organic photodetectors and scintillator crystals are integrated. The detection capability of these organic-inorganic coupled systems to high energy radiation highlights their potential as an alternative to traditional photomultiplier tubes for nuclear spectroscopy applications. When exposed to Bremsstrahlung radiation produced from an X-ray generator, SubPc:C60, AlPcCl:C70, and P3HT:PC61BM thin film photodetectors with active layer thicknesses less than 100 nm show detection of incident radiation at low and no applied bias. Remarkably low dose rates, down to at least 0.18 μGy/s, were dete.
SEVERAL FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES OF DCCA CROSS-CORRELATION COEFFICIENT

The (detrended cross-correlation analysis) DCCA cross-correlation coefficient was proposed to measure the level of long-range cross-correlations between two non-stationary time series on multiple time scales. It has been applied to diverse areas of interest, although many properties of this method are not clear. In this paper, we theoretically study several fundamental properties of the DCCA cross-correlation coefficient, which contributes to acquiring more statistical characteristics of this measure. We resort to a synthetic time series that is followed by the integration and the detrending procedures of the DCCA cross-correlation coefficient, which divide the steps to estimate the coefficient into two portions. The former portion, including the integration and the detrending, is proved to be a linear transformation. The second portion is devoted to measuring Pearson’s r between two synthetic time series. We confirm that the DCCA cross-correlation coefficient is also a linear measure by definition. The simulations including the ARFIMA processes and the multifractal binomial measures are numerically analyzed, which confirm the theoretical analysis.
Neurological and Psychiatric Manifestations of Long COVID-19 and Their [18F]FDG PET Findings: A Review

For more than two years, lingering sequalae of COVID-19 have been extensively investigated. Approximately 10% of individuals infected by COVID-19 have been found to experience long-term symptoms termed “long COVID-19”. The neurological and psychiatric manifestations of long COVID-19 are of particular concern. While pathogenesis remains unclear, emerging imaging studies have begun to better elucidate certain pathological manifestation. Of specific interest is imaging with [18F]FDG PET which directly reflects cellular glycolysis often linked to metabolic and inflammatory processes. Seeking to understand the molecular basis of neurological features of long COVID-19, this review encompasses the most recent [18F]FDG PET literature in this area.