Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Hardware-Engine for Layer-2 classification in low-storage, ultra high bandwidth environments

Ethernet is the most common layer-2 network protocol, and it is currently being deployed beyond the tight borders of LANs. In order to accommodate the needs of MANs and WANs, several QoS mechanisms employed at the MAC sublayer of Ethernet have been proposed. These QoS mechanisms require identification of network flows and the classification of Ethernet packets according to certain Ethernet header fields. In this paper, we propose a classification engine employed at the MAC sublayer which uses an innovative hashing scheme and internal replacement of MAC vendor IDs; the hash based classification engine (HBCE) compacts the tables containing the rules associated with certain MAC addresses and supports extremely high speed decisions - at a rate of more than 100Gb/sec -, while its memory needs are significantly lower compared to those of the similar schemes currently used. This engine has been implemented in hardware utilizing less than 0.1mm2 in a state of the art CMOS technology. As a result HBCE is a very promising candidate for the next-generation Ethernet equipments that need to support classification at data link layer at multi-gigabit per second network speeds, whereas due to its very low memory requirements and low implementation complexity, it can also be employed very efficiently in lower-bandwidth wireless environments that utilize MAC mechanisms
Performance analysis of turbo-equalized systems over frequency-selective block-fading channels

In this paper, we investigate the finite-length system performance of turbo-equalized systems over frequency-selective block-fading channels for packet data transmissions. First, we derive a tight upper bound on the frame error rate (FER) performance of the system under maximum-likelihood sequence estimation based on an approximation of the Euclidean distance distribution at the output of the noiseless inter-symbol interfering channel. Then, we show that the intersymbol interference can be viewed as an additional fading factor depending on the channel selectivity, but also on the coding scheme and the interleaver type. By introducing the interference-to-fading ratio, we evaluate the impact of the interference in the performance degradation compared to the effect of the fading. We show that a two-stage interleaver structure is needed to achieve coding diversity and turbo-equalization gain.
Systematic construction of recombination operators for the vehicle routing problem

The paper presents a way of systematic construction of recombination ope- rators for the vehicle routing problem by global convexity tests. It describes the vehicle routing problem and defines similarity measures for its solutions, and presents the results of global convexity tests; it has been demonstrated here that strong global convexity exists in almost all instances of the problem. Based on results of the tests some distance preserving recombination operators are defined. Computational experiments with a genetic local search indicate that these operators significantly ameliorate the search process and generate very good solutions. It is also shown that preservation, by an operator, of both of important features of solutions found in global convexity tests speeds up computation. The paper is, therefore, another evidence that systematic construction of recombination operators is a good means of adaptation of the genetic local search to a problem.
Occupation Measurements Supporting Dynamic Spectrum Allocation for Cognitive Radio Design

Efficient use of radio spectrum is a necessity for future wireless systems. This can, for example, be accomplished by cognitive radios. An important point for designing future systems is to gain knowledge about the occupation of the frequency bands which may be used by the cognitive radio. This includes the general characterization of the traffic density at the frequency bands as well as a detailed analysis of the temporal frequency occupation. Thus, this paper describes measurements taken in the GSM network at three different scenarios. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the measurement results is presented including statistical as well as spectral occupation analysis.
Challenges in protecting personnel information in social network space

Social networking sites have become the lifeline for communication among individuals. Social network is a graph between the actors. Actors are represented as nodes. The links between the nodes represent the relationship between the actors. Social networking sites are one form of social media technology. Social media technology provides opportunity for synchronous and asynchronous communication. Various social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter allow users to communicate and discuss their opinions. Social media has benefits and disadvantages. This paper elucidates various cyber issues such as cyber-bullying, Internet banging and cyber-attacks. The different methods used by the attackers have been discussed. It includes a review of the privacy issues which arise due to the lack of privacy knowledge and skills or the ignorance of the actors of social network graph. Finally, the solutions to privacy attacks have been discussed in this paper.
Segmentación consenso y matriz de co-ocurrencia ordinal en el reconocimiento del iris

In recent years, the biometric identification of people has gained great importance in the world from its applications in multiple scenarios, especially those applications aimed at border security, access controls Revista Cubana de Ciencias Informáticas Vol. 11, No. 1, Enero-Marzo, 2017 ISSN: 2227-1899 | RNPS: 2301 http://rcci.uci.cu Pág. 58-72 Editorial “Ediciones Futuro” Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas. La Habana, Cuba rcci@uci.cu 59 and forensics. In this article, a brief introduction to the systems of recognition of people by the iris is made and two of their subjects are addressed, which are currently under research. The process of segmentation of the iris, in an image taken from the eye of a person, is approached from the description of the investigations that the authors have developed in the subject of the fusion of segmentations and their improvement. In this theme the concept of consensus segmentation is used to improve the robustness of the iris recognition with respect to the simple segmentation. The process of iris feature extraction is addressed by describing a representation proposed by the authors based on the ordinal features of the co-occurrence matrix, for an iris recognition system, which raises accuracy in recognition. The experimental results described and performed on international databases of references, show the relevance and robustness of these proposals.
Micro-algal Technology for Sustainable Energy Production: State of the Art

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel currently derived from vegetable oils and animal fats. One of the limiting factors for the growth of the biodiesel market is the availability and price of feedstock. Feedstock for biodiesel has to compete with the food crops for land and water. Hence, alternative feedstock's that are not also food crops need to be found. One such renewable energy sources are microalgae. Microalgae are capable of fixing CO2 using sunlight to produce biofuel and other chemical compounds with numerous additional technological advantages. This present study highlights the concept of algal biofuel production using open raceway ponds and a closed photo bioreactor. This article addresses its current status and future prospects of biodiesel production from micro-algae.
How Reliable is Your Workflow: Monitoring Decay in Scholarly Publications

Scientific workflows play an important role in computational research, as the essential artifacts for communicating the methods used to produce the research findings. We are witnessing a growing number of efforts of treating workflows as first-class artifacts for sharing and exchanging actual scientific knowledge, either as part of scholarly articles or as stand-alone objects. However, workflows are not born to be reliable, which can seriously damage their reusability and trustworthiness as knowledge exchange instruments. Scientific workflows are commonly subject to decaying, which consequently undermines their reliability. In this paper, we propose the hypothesis that reliability of workflows can be notably improved by advocating scientists to preserve a minimal set of information that is essential to assist the interpretations of these workflows and hence improve their reproducibility and reusability. By measuring and monitoring the completeness and stability of this information over time, we are then able to indicate the reliability of scientific workflows, which is critical for establishing trustworthy reuse of these important scientific artifacts and supporting the claims in related publications.
Diamonds are a girl’s best friend …? Examining gender and careers in the jewellery industry

Using Acker’s concept of ‘inequality regimes’, this article examines the practices and processes of gender inequality in the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter, highlighting the complex and subtle nature of discrimination sometimes at play and the strategies used by those who progress within this context. The project involved in-depth interviews during which participants recounted their career stories. Our research study examines the ways in which men and women in the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter account for their careers in order to examine the underlying gender regimes that influence the everyday practices of workers in this context. Our findings suggest that contrary to contemporary images of the creative industries, jewellery making remains deeply traditional with structures and processes that both overtly and covertly disadvantage women workers. Empirically, this article enhances our understanding of the way that this creative cluster operates and examines how that disadvantages particular groups of workers. Theoretically, this article contributes to our knowledge of the use of the concept of gender regimes at a cluster level.
Transmit Antenna Selection in Fading Mobile Telecommunication Systems

an increase in the number of antennas used results in an increase in the system complexity. In this proposal the performance of a mobile wireless communication system with transmit antenna selection is studied. Antenna selection is applied so as to reduce the system complexity but still achieving the required goal of improved system performance. Maximum-ratio combining (MRC) is used at the receiver end. In this, a single transmit antenna which maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver is selected. The number of receiving antennas will be restricted to two due to the size and power limitations of hand-held mobile devices. Since much research has been done on system performance under Rayleigh fading channel, this study will be focusing on Weibull fading channel. Space-time block (STB) codes will be used due to their simplicity. Performance parameters that will be studied are the bit-error-rate (BER), channel capacity and pairwise-error-probability (PEP). The performance comparison between a full complexity multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system and a transmit antenna selective MIMO system will then be presented.
Is There a Hold-Up Problem?

Most literature on the hold-up problem starts from the assumption that ex post bargaining outcomes are insensitive to prior investment costs. We argue that this approach is unsatisfactory. If the bargaining procedure is relatively symmetric, it typically admits multiple perfect equilibria, some of which give the investor a high enough payoff to sustain efficient investment. Even if the bargaining procedure is asymmetric and rigged against the investor, there may be investment if agents are driven by moral concerns or if communication creates commitment. Laboratory experiments indicate that communication is necessary and sufficient for agents to coordinate on efficient outcomes when the bargaining game is symmetric. When the bargaining game is rigged against the investor, the hold-up problem is mitigated, but not eliminated, by moral behavior. Communication is quite credible, and we find that promises are more believable that threats.
Study of gearbox fault diagnosis based on a modified PSO algorithm

Particle swarm optimization algorithm with adaptive velocity (VPSO) has been proposed, based on the moving maximum limited velocity set in original particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, in this paper. The testing results by neural network show that this algorithm is better than original PSO in convergent speed and accuracy, and its parameters selection is flexible and is easily realized. The modified algorithm has been applied to fault diagnosis system of neural network for an experimental gearbox, and compared to the PSO and back propagation neural network (BP) algorithm. The conclusion is that VPSO applying to fault diagnosis system not only has higher discrimination for gearbox faults, but also greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis.
Augmenting the city: the design of a context-aware mobile web site

We present the design of "Just-for-Us" - a context-aware web site for mobile devices augmenting the social experience of the city. Informing design, field studies of social groups' situated social interactions were carried out in a new civic space in Melbourne, Australia followed by paper prototyping and implementation of a functional mobile web site. The produced solution augments the city through web-based access to a digital layer of information about people, places and activities adapted to users' physical and social context and their history of social interactions in the city. The system was evaluated in lab and field, validating the fundamental idea but also identifying a number of shortcomings.
Nonprogressive behavioural frontotemporal dementia: recent developments and clinical implications of the 'bvFTD phenocopy syndrome'.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The clinical features of behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) are well established; however, recent work has identified patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria for the disease who do not appear to progress clinically. This review describes means of distinguishing this group at an early stage from patients who are likely to deteriorate. RECENT FINDINGS Despite indistinguishable clinical profiles, studies in a cohort of bvFTD patients showed a particularly good prognosis in a subgroup of predominantly male patients in whom initial structural imaging was normal. This could not be explained by differences in disease duration, and was confirmed by subsequent PET studies. Retrospective review of clinical data in these groups verified that the current clinical diagnostic criteria are both insensitive to true progressive bvFTD, particularly in the early stages, and also poorly specific. In contrast, measures of activity of daily living performance, executive function and tests of social cognition appear to have better discriminatory value for patients who show clear clinical progression, with many individual diagnoses verified by post mortem examination in this group. SUMMARY It remains doubtful that the nonprogressive group have a neurodegenerative disease. The implication for the current clinical diagnostic criteria and their proposed revision is discussed.
An a posteriori strategy for enhancing gene discovery in anonymous cDNA microarray experiments

MOTIVATION Because of the high cost of sequencing, the bulk of gene discovery is performed using anonymous cDNA microarrays. Though the clones on such arrays are easier and cheaper to construct and utilize than unigene and oligonucleotide arrays, they are there in proportion to their corresponding gene expression activity in the tissue being examined. The associated redundancy will be there in any pool of possibly interesting differentially expressed clones identified in a microarray experiment for subsequent sequencing and investigation. An a posteriori sampling strategy is proposed to enhance gene discovery by reducing the impact of the redundancy in the identified pool. RESULTS The proposed strategy exploits the fact that individual genes that are highly expressed in a tissue are more likely to be present as a number of spots in an anonymous library and, as a direct consequence, are also likely to give higher fluorescence intensity responses when present in a probe in a cDNA microarray experiment. Consequently, spots that respond with low intensities will have a lower redundancy and so should be sequenced in preference to those with the highest intensities. The proposed method, which formalizes how the fluorescence intensity of a spot should be assessed, is validated using actual microarray data, where the sequences of all the clones in the identified pool had been previously determined. For such validations, the concept of a repeat plot is introduced. It is also utilized to visualize and examine different measures for the characterization of fluorescence intensity. In addition, as confirmatory evidence, sequencing from the lowest to the highest intensities in a pool, with all the sequences known, is compared graphically with their random sequencing. The results establish that, in general, the opportunity for gene discovery is enhanced by avoiding the pooling of different biological libraries (because their construction will have involved different hybridization episodes) and concentrating on the clones with lower fluorescence intensities.
Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Unexpected Subgenomic Diversity of Magnetotactic Bacteria within the Phylum Nitrospirae

ABSTRACT A targeted metagenomic approach was applied to investigate magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) within the phylum Nitrospirae in Lake Miyun near Beijing, China. Five fosmids containing rRNA operons were identified. Comparative sequence analysis of a total of 172 kb provided new insights into their genome organization and revealed unexpected subgenomic diversity of uncultivated MTB in the phylum Nitrospirae. In addition, affiliation of two novel MTB with the phylum Nitrospirae was verified by fluorescence in situ hybridization. One of them was morphologically similar to “Candidatus Magnetobacterium bavaricum,” but the other differed substantially in cell shape and magnetosome organization from all previously described “Ca. Magnetobacterium bavaricum”-like bacteria.
Integration of Chemical Sensors with LSI Technology - History and Applications -

Chemical sensors are one of the oldest fields of research closely related to the semiconductor technology. From the IonSensitive Field-Effect Transistors (ISFET) in the 70’s, through MicroElectro-Mechanical-System (MEMS) sensors from the end of the 80’s, chemical sensors are combining in the 90’s MEMS technology with LSI intelligence to devise more selective, sensitive and autonomous devices to analyse complex mixtures. A brief history of chemical sensors from the ISFET to the nowadays LSI integrated sensors is first detailed. Then the states-of-the-art of LSI integrated chemical sensors and their wide range of applications are discussed. Finally the authors propose a brand-new usage of integrated wireless MEMS sensors for remote surveillance of chemical substances, such as food-industry or pharmaceutical products, that are stored in closed environment like a bottle, for a long period. In such environment, in-situ analyse is necessary, and electrical cables, for energy supply or data transfer, cannot be used. Thanks to integrated MEMS, an autonomous long-term in-situ quality deterioration tracking system is possible. key words: chemical sensors, MEMS technology, MEMS LSI integration, monolithic integration, wireless sensors
Statistical Modelling Of Pronunciation: It's Not The Model, It's The Data

In this paper we describe a method to model pronunciation for ASR in the German VERBMOBIL task. Our ndings suggest that a simple model, i.e. pronunciation variants modelled by SAM-PA units and weighted with a-posteriori probabilities, can be used successfully for ASR, if there is a su cient amount of reliably transcribed speech data available. Manual segmentation and labelling of speech (especially spontaneous speech, as in the scheduling task of VERBMOBIL) is very expensive and time consuming and requires carefully trained experts and supervisors. Even with considerable e ort it is not possible to produce broad phonetic transcripts for more than a small part of today customary speech databases. Therefore, as a rst step in our approach we developed the fully automatic segmentation and labelling tool MAUS ('Munich AUtomatic Segmentation') for spontaneous German speech. The rst part of our presentation will give a concise description of the MAUS method as well as an evaluation by comparing the results of MAUS with inter-labeller agreements of three expert phoneticians on the same data. The results show that MAUS operates within the range of human experts in terms of transcription while the timing information still lacks the quality of human segmenters. In a second step we used the MAUS system to segment and label 32h of speech in the 1996 VERBMOBIL acoustic evaluation to obtain more 320.000 transcribed words from the scheduling task. A simple counting, pruning and discounting technique (similar to that used for language modelling) is used to derive a probabilistic model of pronunciation. It provides a varying number of pronunciation variants per lexical entity together with the a-posteriori probability P (V jW ) that a variant V is uttered given the lexical entity W . A baseline system using HTK was set up for the 1996 VERBMOBIL evaluation task using monophones and a 'most likely' pronunciation dictionary (the 'most likelihood' was judged by a human expert NOT by empiric data). A second system with statistical modelling of pronunciation together with a proper re-training of the acoustic models showed signi cant better results on the same task in terms of word accuracy. From these ndings we conclude that there's more to be done to achieve reliable and precisely labelled and segmented speech data than to investigate into very complex models which are usually prone to over-generalisation and lexical ambiguity. 1. AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION WITH MAUS
Using causality analysis in the beef quality information tracing

Causal relation analysis is a promising application in product quality tracking and tracing. Considering the quality safety problems in China beef production, the causal relation analysis was introduced into the beef quality safety tracing system and a causal approach-based tracing method was proposed. Considering the implicity, complexity and dynamic characteristics in beef quality safety causal relations, based on its mechanisms, a beef quality safety event representation method was studied based on the extended spanning tree structure. And the detection algorithm was developed based on an improved minimum spanning tree method. With consideration of the time relations, hierarchical relations and causal relation between the beef quality safety events, an approach was proposed for the output of hierarchy view and solution of the causal tracing problems. Finally, through the investigation in the beef production manufactures, the proposed method got sound validation.