Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assembly and disassembly of the Golgi complex: two processes arranged in a cis-trans direction

We have studied the disassembly and assembly of two morphologically and functionally distinct parts of the Golgi complex, the cis/middle and trans cisterna/trans network compartments. For this purpose we have followed the redistribution of three cis/middle- (GMPc-1, GMPc-2, MG 160) and two trans- (GMPt-1 and GMPt-2) Golgi membrane proteins during and after treatment of normal rat kidney (NRK) cells with brefeldin A (BFA). BFA induced complete disassembly of the cis/middle- and trans- Golgi complex and translocation of GMPc and GMPt to the ER. Cells treated for short times (3 min) with BFA showed extensive disorganization of both cis/middle- and trans-Golgi complexes. However, complete disorganization of the trans part required much longer incubations with the drug. Upon removal of BFA the Golgi complex was reassembled by a process consisting of three steps: (a) exist of cis/middle proteins from the ER and their accumulation into vesicular structures scattered throughout the cytoplasm; (b) gradual relocation and accumulation of the trans proteins in the vesicles containing the cis/middle proteins; and (c) assembly of the cisternae, and reconstruction of the Golgi complex within an area located in the vicinity of the centrosome from which the ER was excluded. Reconstruction of the cis/middle-Golgi complex occurred under temperature conditions inhibitory of the reorganization of the trans- Golgi complex, and was dependent on microtubules. Reconstruction of the trans-Golgi complex, disrupted with nocodazole after selective fusion of the cis/middle-Golgi complex with the ER, occurred after the release of cis/middle-Golgi proteins from the ER and the assembly of the cis/middle cisternae.
DevOps culture and its impact on cloud delivery and software development

DevOps presents a significant broader perspective in delivering software solutions. The perception of DevOps being a mere tool has been formulated into a change in culture, paradigms in automation, clarity in measuring risks and facilitating ease of sharing. DevOps has been responsible for companies to move from a monolithic pace of software releases to an agile mindset. This paper discovers the significance of DevOps and tries to explore the process of transformation from a legacy method and onto the impact of the change on overall architecture and software scale out. The transformation from a legacy mindset to agile mindset requires a formidable change to the organizational setup. The journey of adoption of such a culture requires various degrees of effort and techniques. In this paper, we cover the concepts, adoption strategies and the impact of such adoption strategies.
Selecting an optimum number of system phases for an integrated, fault tolerant permanent magnet machine and drive

Aerospace systems require high power density as well as high availability. An integrated permanent magnet machine and drive has been considered. System integration aids achieving high power density in aerospace applications whereas fault tolerance increases availability, mostly by increasing system phase count. This increase in the number of system phases has certain, differing effects on various elements of the design. To facilitate fault tolerance, unity inductance is required, which is also taken into account in the analysis. Key system losses are considered. By analyzing these key system design elements in the electrical machine and drive, an optimal phase count can be derived.
A distributed component framework for science data product interoperability

Correlation of science results from multi-disciplinary communities is a difficult task. Traditionally data from science missions is archived in proprietary data systems that are not interoperable. The Object Oriented Data Technology (OODT) task at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory is working on building a distributed product server as part of a distributed component framework to allow heterogeneous data systems to communicate and share scientific results.
Multicore implementation of LDPC decoders based on ADMM algorithm

Alternate direction method of multipliers (ADMM) technique has recently been proposed for LDPC decoding. Even though it improves the error rate performance compared with traditional message passing (MP) techniques, it shows a higher computation complexity. In this article, the ADMM decoding algorithm is first described. Then, its computation complexity is analyzed. Finally, an optimized version which benefits from the multi-core processors architecture as well as the ADMM algorithm's parallelism is presented. The optimized version of the ADMM decoder can achieve up to 30 Mbps for standardized LDPC codes on a laptop x86 processor. Therefore, it could guide an efficient GPU implementation for real-time and high-throughput decoding systems requiring correction performances beyond MP-Sum Product Algorithm (SPA) capabilities.
Learning of Abstract Concepts through Full-Body Interaction: A Systematic Review

Over the past ten years several learning environments based on novel interaction modalities have been developed. Within this field, Full-body Interaction Learning Environments open promising possibilities given their capacity to involve the users at different levels, such as sensorimotor experience, cognitive aspects and affective factors. However, Full-body Interaction is still a young field and research on design and assessment methods offers a fragmented panorama from which it is not possible to derive clear research solutions. Starting from this necessity, we present a systematic review of educational applications developed as Full-body Interaction and the results of their empirical evaluation. Our analysis offers instruments to systematize the multiple aspects involved in the design and assessment of Full-body Interaction Learning Environments and provides guidelines for novel research paths.
Interventions on parenting styles of hearing parents parenting children with a hearing loss: a scoping review

ABSTRACT Many studies on parenting styles with children with disabilities exist; however, few investigate parenting styles of hearing parents whose children have a hearing loss. The aim of this review is to explore the limited previous literature on interventions targeting this phenomenon. Data was extracted from search engines, Ebscohost (Academic Search Complete, MedLine, PsycARTICLES, SocIndex, Greenfile, Masterfile Premier), Science Direct and Springer Link. Just five studies were found to address issues relating to parenting styles in this demographic, which is surprisingly few. Studies reviewed in this paper were conducted in the United Kingdom Israel, Germany and South Africa. These five articles describe interventions that provide hearing parents with specific knowledge and skills to parent children with a hearing loss. The findings of those studies are explained here, with the purpose being to provide direction for much needed further research into this topic.
Non-linear smoothers for discrete-time, finite-state Markov chains

The problem of enhancing the quality of system state estimates is considered for a special class of dynamical systems. Specifically, a system characterized by a discrete-time, finite-state Markov chain state and observed via conditionally Gaussian measurements is assumed. The associated mean vectors and covariance matrices are tightly intertwined with the system state and a control input selected by a controller. Exploiting an innovations approach, finite-dimensional, non-linear approximate MMSE smoothing estimators are derived for the Markov chain system state. The resulting smoothers are driven by a control policy determined by a stochastic dynamic programming algorithm, which minimizes the MSE filtering error, and was proposed in our earlier work. An application of the smoothers derived in this paper is presented for the problem of physical activity detection in wireless body sensing networks, which illustrates the performance enhancement due to smoothing.
Chemical and enzymatic changes associated with mouse liver necrosis in vitro.

Chemical and enzymatic changes have been studied in mouse liver undergoing necrosis or autolysis in vitro by incubating pieces of liver under controlled conditions of temperature, humidity, and sterility. Succinoxidase and cytochrome oxidase activity disappeared in 24 hours, while loss of activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase, esterase, and peptidase continued over a period of 72 hours. Free amino acids, acid-soluble nitrogen, and acid-soluble phosphorus increased up to 48 hours and then declined. Protein nitrogen, PNA, and DNA decreased steadily up to 48 hours and then remained relatively constant. PNA and DNA fell to much lower levels than the other constituents studied; the lipid content changed the least.
Prostaglandin Release From Isolated Rabbit Cerebral Cortex Micro-Vessels - Comparison of 6-Keto PGFla and PGE2 Release From Micro-Vessels Incubated in 100% O2, Room Air and 95% N2: % CO2

Prostaglandin release from microvessels isolated from the rabbit cerebral cortex was deter- mined under three different atmospheric conditions: 100% O2 ("O2") room air, and 95% N2=5% CO2("N2-COj"). Initial studies with homogenates prepared from rabbit cerebral microvessels (RCMV) indi- cated two pathways of enzymatic PGH2 transformation, namely PGI2 synthase and GSH-dependent PGH- PGE isomerase. We measured the release of the principal products of these pathways, 6-keto PGF|a and PGE, from freshly prepared RCMV. The release of 6-keto PGF|a exceeded that of PGE^ in all three protocols. RCMV incubated in "N2-CO2" exhibited a reduction in the release of 6-keto PGFla compared to room air or "O2" incubated RCMV, evident at 30-60 min of incubation. No significant differences in the release of PGE2 were observed among the three incubation protocols. In all three incubation protocols the ratio of 6-keto PGF|a to PGE2 did not differ during the initial 10 minutes of each incubation. After 30 to 60 min of incubation, this ratio did not change from the "O2" or room air treated RCMV, but decreased significantly for the "N2-CO2" treated group. To determine the reversibility of the apparent "N2-CO2" induced decline in 6-keto PGF|a release, microvessels were removed from the nitrogen atmosphere and incubated in room air. Release was measured during the initial 10 min following reintroduction to room air and was compared to room air pretreated controls treated in an identical manner. Complete recovery of 6- keto PGF|a production was observed, and an enhanced ratio of 6-keto PGFlo to PGE2 observed in the "N2- CO2" treated RCMV. In view of the opposing actions of PGI2 (vasodilator) and PGE2 (mild vasoconstrictor) on cerebrovascular tone, this study suggests that release of prostaglandins by the microvasculature may participate in the cerebrovascular response to ischemia. In addition, this study suggests that the release of 6- keto PGF|n and PGE2 by cerebral microvessels may be regulated independently. Stroke Vol 15, No 4, 1984
Collective Behavior

The resurgence of interest in collective behavior is in large part due to tools recently made available for conducting laboratory experiments on groups, statistical methods for analyzing large data sets reflecting social interactions, the rapid growth of a diverse variety of online self-organized collectives, and computational modeling methods for understanding both universal and scenario-specific social patterns. We consider case studies of collective behavior along four attributes: the primary motivation of individuals within the group, kinds of interactions among individuals, typical dynamics that result from these interactions, and characteristic outcomes at the group level. With this framework, we compare the collective patterns of noninteracting decision makers, bee swarms, groups forming paths in physical and abstract spaces, sports teams, cooperation and competition for resource usage, and the spread and extension of innovations in an online community. Some critical issues surrounding collective behavior are then reviewed, including the questions of "Does group behavior always reduce to individual behavior? ""Is 'group cognition' possible? " and "What is the value of formal modeling for understanding group behavior? "
Exploring the formation of spheroidal galaxies out to z∼ 1.5 in GOODS

The formation of massive spheroidal galaxies is studied on a visually classified sample extracted from the Advanced Camera for Surveys/Hubble Space Telescope (ACS/HST) images of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey north and south fields, covering a total area of 360 arcmin 2 . The sample size (910 galaxies brighter than i F775W = 24) allows us to explore in detail the evolution over a wide range of redshifts (0.4 10 11 M ⊙ galaxies by a factor of 2 between z = 1 and 0, in contrast with a factor of ∼50 for lower mass galaxies (10 10 < M s /M ⊙ < 10 11 ). One-quarter of the whole sample of early types are photometrically classified as blue galaxies. On a volume-limited sample out to z < 0.7, the average stellar mass of the blue ellipticals is 5 x 10 9 M ⊙ compared to 4 x 10 11 M ⊙ for red ellipticals. On a volume-limited subsample out to z = 1.4 probing the brightest galaxies (M V < -21), we find the median redshift of blue and red early types: 1.10 and 0.85, respectively. Blue early types only amount to 4 per cent of this sample (compared to 26 per cent in the full sample). The intrinsic colour distribution correlates overall bluer colours with blue cores (positive radial gradients of colour), suggesting an inside-out process of formation. The redshift evolution of the observed colour gradients is incompatible with a significant variation in stellar age within each galaxy. The slope of the Kormendy relation in the subsample of massive galaxies does not change over 0.4 < z < 1.4 and is compatible with z = 0 values. The 'zero-point' of the Kormendy relation (i.e. the surface brightness at a fixed half-light radius) is 1 mag fainter (in the B band) for the subsample of low-mass (Ms < 3.5 x 10 10 M ⊙ ) early types.
Flotillins in Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling and Cancer

Flotillins are highly conserved proteins that localize into specific cholesterol rich microdomains in cellular membranes. They have been shown to be associated with, for example, various signaling pathways, cell adhesion, membrane trafficking and axonal growth. Recent findings have revealed that flotillins are frequently overexpressed in various types of human cancers. We here review the suggested functions of flotillins during receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and in cancer. Although flotillins have been implicated as putative cancer therapy targets, we here show that great caution is required since flotillin ablation may result in effects that increase instead of decrease the activity of specific signaling pathways. On the other hand, as flotillin overexpression appears to be related with metastasis formation in certain cancers, we also discuss the implications of these findings for future therapy aspects.
MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO NANO-RHEOLOGY

Over the last 15 years molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have become one of the important tools to tackle many of the complex problems that are faced by rheologists and engineers. The advent of modern areas of science such as nanotechnology and the need to understand physical phenomena including rheology and tribology at the molecular scale have helped the growth of research both experimentally and computationally at nano-scales. Molecular dynamics simulations among other molecular simulation methods have been used for computational research in those areas. Application of molecular dynamics to rheology has helped to understand the behaviour of polymers qualitatively; also important progress has been made in predicting quantitative rheological properties such as the viscosity of simpler liquids (such as alkanes). In particular the application of MD to the behaviour of confined fluids and lubricants at nano-scales has revealed some important properties and explained the underlying physics of observed phenomena that include enhanced viscosity and relaxation times and the role of normal stress differences in supporting large loads. MD has been a valuable tool in studying the relationship of the molecular structure and the rheological properties. In this review we will give an introduction about the method and will discuss some of the progress made to date. Our main focus will be on the application of MD in the nano-rheology of ultra-thin confined films.
Heritage and identity: technology, values and visitor experiences

ABSTRACT This editorial examines the notions of identity, visitor experience, values and technology in the context of heritage tourism. In particular, in highlighting the contributions of the special issue, it points out how important these concepts are within the context of heritage cuisine-based tourism and identity meaning-making in leisure and family-oriented consumption of traditional foods. As well, it focuses on the use of technology in enhancing the visitor experience and how visitors identify with heritage places, museum branding as a means of fostering identity and a sense of belonging and the use of crowdfunding as an alternative means of heritage funding that can enhance the heritage identity and facilitate a more democratic way of managing heritage resources.
Modularity, working memory and language acquisition

The concept of modularity is used to contrast the approach to working memory proposed by Truscott with the Baddeley and Hitch multicomponent model. This proposes four sub components comprising the central executive, an executive control system of limited attentional capacity that utilises storage based on separate but interlinked temporary storage subsystems. One, the phonological loop, is concerned with the temporary storage of verbal materials and another, the visuo-spatial sketchpad stores visual information. A fourth component, the episodic buffer, allows the various components to interact and enables their content to become available to conscious awareness. After a brief description of the relevance of the model to language acquisition, an account is given of the way in which it has developed in recent years and its relationship to other approaches to working memory.
The Topological and Electrical Structure of Power Grids

Numerous recent papers have found important relationships between network structure and risks within networks. These results indicate that network structure can dramatically affect the relative effectiveness of risk identification and mitigation methods. With this in mind this paper provides a comparative analysis of the topological and electrical structure of the IEEE 300 bus and the Eastern United States power grids. Specifically we compare the topology of these grids with that of random [1], preferential-attachment [2] and small-world [3] networks of equivalent sizes and find that power grids differ substantially from these abstract models in degree distribution, clustering, diameter and assortativity, and thus conclude that these abstract models do not provide substantial utility for modeling power grids. To better represent the topological properties of power grids we introduce a new graph generating algorithm, the minimum distance graph, that produces networks with properties that more nearly match those of known power grids. While these topological comparisons are useful, they do not account for the physical laws that govern flows in electricity networks. To elucidate the electrical structure of power grids, we propose a new method for representing electrical structure as a weighted graph. This analogous representation is based on electrical distance rather than topological connections. A comparison of these two representations of the test power grids reveals dramatic differences between the electrical and topological structure of electrical power systems.
Power grid correction using sensitivity analysis

Power grid voltage integrity verification requires one to check if all the voltage drops on the grid are less than a certain threshold. This paper addresses the problem of correcting the grid when some voltage drops exceed this threshold, by making minor modifications to the existing design. The method uses current constraints that capture the uncertainty about the underlying circuit behavior to find the maximum voltage drop on the grid, and then to estimate the voltage drop as a function of the metal widths on the grid. It formulates a non-linear optimization problem and finds the required change in widths that reduces the maximum voltage drop below the threshold while keeping the total area cost at a minimum.
Cell Segmentation with Adaptive Region Growing

The cell segmentation presented in this paper is part of current research work on an automated cell tracking project. Its aim is the tracking of the movement of representative cells in a 3D collagen gel in order to determine the activity of the cell after the injection of certain medical substances. A major requirement for this project is an efficient and robust method for the segmentation of cell images. Here we present an automated method based on region growing with a local adaptive threshold. For preprocessing we use an optimized rational filter for edge preserving noise smoothing. The experimental results show that the presented method is suitable for the segmentation of melanoma cells (tumor cells) as well as lymphocytes (blood cells) in a 3D collagen gel.
Congestion { Dependent Pricing of On-line InternetServices 1

We consider a service provider (SP) who provides access to a communication network or some other form of on-line services. Users initiate calls that belong to a set of diverse service classes. The SP charges a fee per call, which can depend on the current congestion level, and which aaects users' demand for calls. We provide a dynamic programming formulation of the problems of revenue and welfare maximization, and derive qualitative properties of the optimal solution. We show that the performance of an optimal pricing strategy is closely matched by a suitably chosen static price, which does not depend on instantaneous congestion. We establish that static pricing is asymptotically optimal in a number of limiting regimes, including one of many, relatively small, users. In nonstationary demand conditions this leads to the easily implementable time-of-day pricing. Throughout, we compare the alternative formulations involving revenue or welfare maximization, respectively, and draw some qualitative conclusions. In this paper, we consider a service provider (SP) who provides access to a communication network, such as the Internet, or some other form of on-line services. Users access the network and initiate calls that belong to a set of diverse service classes, diiering in resource requirements, demand pattern, and call duration. The SP charges a fee per call, which can depend on the current congestion level, and which aaects users' demand for calls. We are interested in the problem of determining an optimal pricing strategy, that maximizes an appropriate performance measure such as social welfare or the provider's revenue. For the case of a revenue maximizing provider, we have essentially a problem of yield management, similar to the problems that arise in the airline and other service industries 2]. The common element in such problems is that the marginal cost of serving an additional customer , e.g., an airline passenger or a new call, is negligible once a ight has been scheduled or a communications infrastructure is in place. The pricing problem in communication networks, such 1 A full version of the paper is in 1]. as the Internet, is complex and multifaceted, because one needs to take into account engineering issues (compatibility with existing or planned protocols), nancial issues (cost recovery), a diverse set of desired services (e.g., elastic versus real-time traac with or without quality of service requirements), and other considerations (such as simplicity, social welfare, etc.). The current Internet relies on technical means to …