Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genetic structure of the population of wild-growing vines of the Utrish Nature Reserve

Grapes are one of the most common agricultural crops in the world. Currently, the analysis of genotypes directly at the DNA level is considered to be the most accurate method for studying the plant gene pool. The study of wild vines and ancient varieties in various regions of viticulture is an important direction of research in this field. The purpose of this work was to study the population of wild grapes growing on the territory of the Utrish Nature Reserve on the Black Sea coast of Krasnodar Region. The territory of the reserve is of interest as it is a site of ancient settlements, and the environmental conditions are suitable for the growth of wild grapes. During the survey of the territory, 24 samples of wild grapes were found, which were described according to the main morphological characteristics and analyzed by the molecular genetic method. The found vines were genotyped using 15 DNA markers, including nine commonly used for DNA fingerprinting (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD25, VVMD27, VVMD28, VVMD32, VrZAG62, VrZAG79) and VVIb23, which allows determining hermaphrodite and dioecious vines. Statistical processing of microsatellite loci polymorphism data was carried out using the GenAlEx 6.5 program. The genetic relationships of the studied vines were evaluated using the PAST 2.17c program. The samples were found to be morphologically and genetically polymorphic. The number of alleles identified in the sample varied from 5 to 18 and averaged 8 alleles per locus. Statistical processing of DNA analysis data made it possible to identify two genetically different populations among the wild discovered vines. An assessment of genetic similarity of the found vines with some local varieties of geographically close viticulture regions, rootstocks and representatives of Vitis sylvestris from other territories was made. One of the populations found in the Utrish Nature Reserve is close to a number of V. sylvestris genotypes, the DNA profiles of which are presented in the Vitis International Variety Catalogue.
Missing data — mechanisms and possible solutions / Datos ausentes: mecanismos y posibles soluciones

Abstract One of the most common problems facing empirical researchers is when a portion of the data is missing. We will review three different types of ‘missingness’, namely missing completely at random, missing at random and missing not at random, and we will discuss how missing data can affect data analysis. We review methods to deal with missing data, including the simple ‘complete-case analysis’ approach, in which we only use the observations in the data set for which all the data is available, and the more sophisticated ‘multiple imputation’ approach, in which we repeat the analysis using multiple (completed) copies of the data set, and obtain the estimates of interest by averaging across all analyses. We will demonstrate how to implement solutions to missing data and review the limitations of the methods.
TINGKAT STABILITAS HASIL PRODUKSI JAGUNG DI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

Hasil produksi jagung di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dalam dua dasawarsa terakhir (2001-2021) mengalami fluktuasi yang cukup tinggi, namun setelah digalakkan Upsus Pajale (mulai tahun 2015), koefisien keragaman hasil jagung cukup kecil, yaitu sebesar 4,556%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat stabilitas hasil produksi jagung di Provinsi NTB dalam kurun waktu 2015-2021 termasuk dalam katagori “stabil”. Meski demikian, secara spasial tingkat stabilitas hasil pada masing-masing kabupaten/kota cukup variatif dengan tingkat stabilitas hasil termasuk dalam kategori “sedang” dan “rendah”. Apabila tingkat keragaman hasil dapat diperkecil hingga 2,5 %, maka dalam kurun waktu 2015 – 2021, maka rata-rata hasil produksi jagung di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat yang dapat diselamatkan setiap tahunnya adalah sebesar 35.514,637 ton atau sekitar 2,011% dari total produksi
Gorenstein coresolving categories

ABSTRACT Let 𝒜 be an abelian category. A subcategory 𝒳 of 𝒜 is called coresolving if 𝒳 is closed under extensions and cokernels of monomorphisms and contains all injective objects of 𝒜. In this paper, we introduce and study Gorenstein coresolving categories, which unify the following notions: Gorenstein injective modules [8], Gorenstein FP-injective modules [20], Gorenstein AC-injective modules [3], and so on. Then we define a resolution dimension relative to the Gorenstein coresolving category 𝒢ℐ𝒳(𝒜). We investigate the properties of the homological dimension and unify some important properties possessed by some known homological dimensions. In addition, we study stability of the Gorenstein coresolving category 𝒢ℐ𝒳(𝒜) and apply the obtained properties to special subcategories and in particular to module categories.
The Use of Credit Ratings in the Delegated Management of Fixed Income Assets

Investment mandates of fixed income funds constrain managers’ portfolio decisions, often employing credit ratings to classify asset risk. We categorize U.S. and European fixed income funds’ mandates using textual analysis and measure the use of ratings. Over the past two decades, despite the weaknesses of ratings revealed in the global financial crisis, ratings use has increased significantly. Since 2010, the fraction of funds not using ratings in any way has fallen by almost half in both the United States and Europe. By 2020, 94% of U.S. funds and 65% of European funds used ratings. These patterns fit agency-based models of investment mandates and point to a lack of practically useful alternatives. This paper was accepted by Tomasz Piskorski, finance. Funding: This work was supported by the Nasdaq Nordic Foundation. Supplemental Material: The data files and e-companion are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023. 4848 .
Examining accent bias towards Turkish speakers of Dutch

This contribution investigates the attitudes of Flemish first language speakers towards Turkish-Flemish speakers of Dutch as a second language. We conducted a 2 x 2 x 2 speaker evaluation experiment measuring the effects of accent (native vs. Turkish), language variety (standard vs. colloquial) and name (Flemish vs. Turkish) on attitudes vis-à-vis male speakers of Belgian Dutch. Our findings provide no consistent evidence of a negative bias vis-à-vis Turkish names in Flanders. While this result could be attributed to a social desirability bias, consistent downgrading of the Turkish accent on Superiority provides an indication of the existence of an accent bias that penalises ethnic minority accents in competence-related judgements.
An Engineered Heat-Inducible Expression System for the Production of Casbene in Nicotiana benthamiana

Plants respond to heat stress by producing heat-shock proteins. These are regulated by heat-shock promoters containing regulatory elements, which can be harnessed to control protein expression both temporally and spatially. In this study, we designed heat-inducible promoters to produce the diterpene casbene in Nicotiana benthamiana, through a multi-step metabolic pathway. To potentially increase gene transcription, we coupled heat-shock elements from Arabidopsis thaliana Hsp101 or Glycine max GmHsp17.3-B promoters, CAAT and TATA boxes from CaMV 35S, and the 5′UTR from the tobacco mosaic virus. The resulting four chimeric promoters fused to a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter showed that the variant Ara2 had the strongest fluorescent signal after heat shock. We next created a 4-gene cassette driven by the Ara2 promoter to allow for exogenous synthesis of casbene and transformed this multigene construct along with a selectable marker gene into Nicotiana benthamiana. Metabolic analysis on the transgenic lines revealed that continuous heat outperforms heat shock, with up to 1 μg/mg DW of casbene detected after 32 h of uninterrupted 40 °C heat. These results demonstrate the potential of heat-inducible promoters as synthetic biology tools for metabolite production in plants.
Performance enhancement of small-scale wind turbine based on artificial neural network

Small-scale wind turbine is typically designed to resisted extreme wind; this work aims to adjust their pitch angle based on simulations that use standardization codes for wind turbines. Proportional integral derivative (PID) and artificial neural network (ANN) controllers are used to control the speed of wind turbines. The ideal action for controlling the blade pitch angle can be attained by providing the controller with speed information ahead of time, allowing the controller to provide the best action for blade pitch angle control. The results of this work represent the relationship between the turbine speed with respect to time at different pitch angle. It has been concluded that the ANN controller produced the best time response as compared with the PID controller.
Influence of Anti-Coccidial Compounds and Phytogenic Saponin Extracts on In Vitro and In Vivo Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production of Cattle

Simple Summary There is rising interest globally in reducing the use of antibiotics in livestock feeding regimens. Phytogenic feed additives have been evaluated for their potential use to replace compounds such as ionophores in finishing cattle diets. The effects of saponin-containing extracts from Yucca schidigera (YSE) on ruminal fermentation, average daily gain, and feed efficiency appear to be similar to monensin; however, YSE is not approved for the control or prevention of coccidiosis in cattle. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate sources and levels of anti-coccidial compounds and saponins, individually or in combination, on in vitro and in vivo ruminal fermentation and CH4 production. In summary, the combination of decoquinate with YSE did not influence in vivo CH4 production but tended to increase ruminal propionate proportion. Monensin inclusion decreased in vitro CH4 production and the acetate:propionate. Increasing saponin inclusion increased the propionate proportion in vitro but was not accompanied by a reduction in CH4 production. Abstract Four experiments were conducted to evaluate sources of anti-coccidial compounds and phytogenic saponin extracts on in vitro and in vivo ruminal fermentation and CH4 production at multiple inclusion levels. In experiment 1, eight steers were fed either a finishing diet or a finishing diet supplemented with 0.5 mg/kg BW decoquinate (DCQ) and 3.33 mg/kg BW Yucca schidigera extract (YSE), and respiratory gas exchange was measured. In experiment 2, four ruminally-cannulated steers were fed the same treatments as experiment 1, and ruminal fermentation was evaluated. Anti-coccidial sources (experiment 3; monensin, DCQ, amprolium) and saponin sources (experiment 4; YSE, Quillaja saponaria extract) and levels were evaluated for effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation and CH4 production. DCQ + YSE supplementation did not influence (p ≥ 0.24) in vivo respiratory gas consumption/production, in situ DM degradation, or liquid passage kinetics. Ruminal propionate proportion tended to increase (p = 0.09) with DCQ + YSE. Monensin decreased (p ≤ 0.04) in vitro acetate:propionate and CH4 production; saponin supplementation linearly increased (p < 0.01) propionate proportion but did not influence (p ≥ 0.38) in vitro CH4 production. Saponins and non-antibiotic anti-coccidials did not influence in vitro or in vivo CH4 production with finishing diets.
The Physical, Mechanical, and Nutritional Properties of Freshly Harvested Paddy Rice Varieties Dried at Different Temperatures

Rice has become a major food in Nigeria, but the acceptance of the local varieties are low due to the presence of impurities traceable, poor processing, and low quality. This study investigates the effect of drying temperature on selected properties of Ofada white and Boromo paddy rice. Using standard methods, selected physical, mechanical, and nutritional properties of the rice varieties were estimated when freshly harvested and after drying at 50, 60, and 80oC to 14% moisture content (wet basis). The drying temperature had a significant effect on the length, width, thickness, arithmetic diameter, geometric diameter, equivalent diameter, sphericity, grain volume, surface area, bulk density, true density, porosity, angle of repose, and thousand-grain weight, bending strength, compressive strength, fracture energy, carbohydrate content, crude protein, and amylose content. This study concludes that drying temperature significantly affects rice properties and should be considered in the design and selection of processing machines.
Comparison between mixed and spatially separated remote phosphor fabricated via a screen-printing process

Abstract. We developed a fabrication method for remote phosphor by a screen-printing process, using green phosphor, red phosphor, and thermally stable glass frit. The glass frit was introduced for long-term stability. The optical properties of the remote phosphor were observed via an integrating sphere; the photoluminescence spectrum dramatically changed on incorporating a minor amount of the red phosphor. These unique optical properties were elucidated using four factors: phosphor ratio, scattering induced by packing density, light intensity per unit volume, and reabsorption. The thermal stability of the remote phosphor was investigated at 500°C, demonstrating its outstanding thermal properties.
Computer vision and machine learning for the detection and classification of pavement cracks Técnicas de visión artificial y aprendizaje de máquinas para la detección y clasificación de grietas

For road maintenance and rehabilitation, it is important to develop procedures to evaluate pavement condition. Imaging methods can be used to obtain data to analyze a pavement surface. A methodology for crack detection is presented in this paper that is based on image processing techniques and artificial neural networks. The methodology is implemented in four stages: 1. image acquisition, 2. image processing, 3. feature extraction, and 4. classification using an artificial neural network. The methodology was used to detect deterioration in the form of longitudinal cracks, potholes
Emerging Automotive Sector in Hungary: A Comparative Study

One of the pillars of the economy in Hungary is the automotive industry; despite going through ups and downs due to the pandemic in 2020, the new car market in Hungary shrank by almost a fifth, with a total of 128,000 vehicles purchased at various brand levels. The study focused on a comparative analysis of revenue towards four car brands with a relatively large market share in Hungary both in the provision of production units and spare part units regarding OEMs, namely Audi Hungary, Opel Szentgotthárd, Magyar Suzuki, and Mercedes-Benz. Using the ANOVA model, this research deployed a quantitative approach by analyzing panel revenue data for the four-car brands from 2017-2021. The results of this study place Audy as the car brand that generates the most revenue and Mercedes-Benz the least. Based on Post Host Tests analysis with the Tukey method, it shows that the nominal value of the income relationship between Opel Szentgotthárd and Magyar Suzuki is not significant with a Tukey HSD value greater than 0.05, which means placed second and third in revenue over five years. The increase in revenue growth from the four car brands is undoubtedly the main driving force for the Hungarian economy, which has been growing and developing amidst the current European economic crisis. Therefore, the government can certainly further develop the automotive industry in a more sustainable direction which is also a challenge for the government in overcoming the energy crisis. Even though foreign companies still dominate Hungary's automotive sector, this positively impacts employment.
Semimetal-Insulator transition without a condensate

We study a lattice field theory model containing two flavors of massless staggered fermions with an onsite four-fermion interaction. The symmetry of the model forbids non-zero fermion bilinear order parameters that can generate a fermion mass. At weak couplings, we expect a massless fermion (Semimetal) phase. At strong couplings, we can argue for the existence of massive fermions (Insulator phase) without the formation of any fermion bilinear condensate. Using Monte Carlo calculations in three space-time dimensions, we find evidence for a direct second order phase transition between the two phases.
Korean Version of the Nursing Student Attitudes and Knowledge toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Patients Scale

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the reliability and validity of a Korean version of the Nursing Student Attitudes and Knowledge Toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Patients (K-NAKL) Scale, which measures health and heterosexual attitudes toward LGBT individuals. Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals often face discrimination and a lack of care experience on the part of healthcare professionals. Introduction: In South Korea, the current knowledge and attitude measurement tools for medical staff regarding LGBT individuals are limited, as they only focus on homosexuality and do not account for different sexual orientations. Methods: The participants were 217 nursing college students aged 18–25. The item–total correlations method and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were used to analyze internal consistency reliability. Face validity, content validity, construct validity, and criterion validity testing were conducted to establish scale validity. We made sure to follow STROBE guidelines when carrying out this research. Results: The K-NAKL is a culturally appropriate instrument used to measure the attitudes and knowledge of Korean nursing students when it comes to LGBT health. Discussion: As LGBT health is increasingly gaining social interest, the nursing education curriculum needs to produce culturally competent graduates to meet the health needs of this vulnerable and marginalized population. The current study contributes to that goal. Conclusion: The K-NAKL is a valid and reliable tool with which to measure attitudes and knowledge regarding LGBT health among Korean nursing students. Implications for nursing: The K-NAKL can enable Korean nursing students to increase their knowledge and improve their attitudes when caring for the LGBT population. Implications for nursing policy and health policy: The study highlights the importance of incorporating LGBT-related health education into nursing curricula and developing inclusive policies to improve the quality of care and health outcomes for LGBT individuals.
An alternative view of the Look Elsewhere Effect

The Look Elsewhere Effect, which influences the significance of a potential signal of a particle with a priori unknown mass, has a striking counterpart in searches for the presence of a modulation of unknown frequency in a time series of experimental data. In this work, the formulation of the problem in the frequency domain is outlined and the methodology is illustrated using the time series data of the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino experiment. The parallelism between the mass and frequency domains will be highlighted.
RF Phase Noise Analyzer Based on Phase Estimation Algorithm With Undersampling Samples

A radio frequency (RF) phase noise analyzer (PNA) based on a phase estimation algorithm with undersampling samples is proposed and investigated. The signal under test (SUT) is digitally sampled by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that has a sampling rate lower than the frequency of the SUT. The undersampling samples are processed by the phase estimation algorithm, which divides the samples into groups and establishes a system of linear equations in terms of the in-phase and quadrature (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I / Q)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> components of the SUT for each group. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I / Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> components are estimated as the least-squares solution of the linear equations, and the phase is obtained with the estimated <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I / Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> components. The experimental results verify the feasibility of the phase estimation algorithm and the PNA. Ultrahigh measurement accuracy is achieved at low offset frequencies, while the accuracy at high offset frequencies is a little degraded due to the low-pass filtering effect on phase fluctuation. The sensitivity of the PNA is theoretically and experimentally investigated, which shows that the sensitivity is mainly limited by the sampling jitter and the quantizing noise of the ADC. A dual-channel PNA with a cross-correlation technique is established to enhance the sensitivity. With 1000-times average, the sensitivity of the dual-channel PNA is better than −130 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz for a 1-GHz carrier frequency.
A Parallel SLA-Based Algorithm for Global Mesoscale Eddy Identification

AbstractThis paper proposes a new algorithm for parallel identification of mesoscale eddies from global satellite altimetry data. By simplifying the recognition process and the sea level anomaly (SLA) contours’ search range, the method improves identification efficiency compared with the previous SSH-based method even in the single-threaded process. The global SLA map is divided into several regions. These regions are identified simultaneously with a new SSH-based method. All the eddy identification results of these regions are merged seamlessly into a global eddy map. A β-plane approximation is used to calculate the geostrophic speed in the equatorial band. Compared with the computation complexity of the previous SSH-based method, which is , the computation complexity of the new method is , where K is the number of threads and L is the number of regional SLA maps. When applying the new method to the global SLA map, the computation is ~100 times faster than the previous SSH-based method on an average comp.
Burden of Disease and Unmet Needs in the Diagnosis and Management of Atopic Dermatitis in the Arabic Population of the Middle East

Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects diverse ethnic groups with significant disparities in prevalence, disease progression, clinical outcomes, and access to care. There are limited data on AD in the Arabic population of the Middle East, yet there is a substantial economic and psychosocial burden of AD in this region with a large unmet need with regards to disease management that is critical to address. There is a trend of increasing prevalence of AD in the Arab Middle East; however, due to the large environmental, socioeconomic, and sociocultural heterogeneity of this region, prevalence varies greatly across and within countries. Similarly, clinical differences in disease presentations exist across the region, although data are limited. In this review, we will present clinical phenotypes of AD common in different regions of the Arab Middle East, and data on prevalence, genetic variations, and challenges of treatment. Further studies exploring molecular biomarkers, genetic polymorphisms, immune factors, and the microbiome of patients in the region will help to elucidate the mechanism behind ethnic differences in AD in this population as well as to understand susceptibilities and treatment response.