Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INSTANTANEOUS NEARSHORE WATER LEVELS DURING TYPHOONS,

The manuscript is generally fairly well written (but with frequent grammatical errors), although it does seem to be conflicted about its focus. It’s hard to discern what this is; is it to introduce the implementation of AGRIF into another ocean code, characterise the physics of the Bay of Brest region or further demonstrate the benefits of 2-way nesting. If the former two, then I think the paper falls short. If the latter, then this is not entirely new. The discussion section reads as if the object of the paper is indeed this improvement over 1-way nesting. However, the configuration chosen to make these comparisons is hardly unique, and the 1-way configuration to which the 2-way is compared seems set up to fail. Similar objectives of resolution placement and computational cost may be achieved by exercising the curvilinear capabilities of 1-way grid, for example, a polar-style curvilinear application may similarly achieve high resolution at the coast but decrease resolution at the seaward open boundaries. Such an application may provide equivalent dynamical advantages to the 2-way approach. Also, compared to the continuous resolution transition across scales afforded by unstructured models, the two-way approach presents a rather brutal interface that requires work (e.g., sponge zones, restriction operators) to produce a viable solution. In this sense the unstructured approach is a more elegant and dynamically consistent approach. If benefits of 2-way nesting are the focus, it would be interesting to compare to, or at least consider, a tailored curvilinear grid or unstructured approach at the same resolution in the target area. My guess is the solutions would be similar in all cases if grid/meshes are carefully constructed, so benefits would come down to throughput. This would make for an interesting paper, but probably not within scope of what’s tractable here. An important advantage of 1-way nesting is that once the open boundary files have been generated, then they can be re-used at no cost, whereas for 2-way nesting the parent must be also run every time the child is optimised, or an additional experiment performed. Since the child obviously runs faster than the parent+child, in terms of overall throughput this may be a more efficient system if many runs of the child are required. The re-use of child OBC conditions probably deserves consideration. Regardless, if comparative 1/2-way approaches are considered, then a more rigorous consideration of throughput could be included alongside dynamical benefits, and optimized 1-way configurations should be explored.
Evaluation of the Online Sport-Specific Mindfulemotions Program in a Population of Scandinavian Elite Athletes Measuring Psychological Parameters

Professional athletes are often affected by public pressure, choking under pressure, depression, anxiety, stress, or burnout. Mindfulness training seems to be a valuable tool for reducing those symptoms. Due to the general interest in online applications and the constraints of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the future of mindfulness training might be digital, and the expansion of such interventions is inevitable. Therefore, we translated and digitalised the German sports-specific mindfulness program called mindfulemotions (https://mindful-motions.de/) and evaluated it with a psychological randomised controlled trial pilot study in a population of Scandinavian elite athletes making it the first English online mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for professional athletes. 28 athletes started the involvement, and 12 athletes finished the participation. The athletes completed several self-report questionnaires, a diary at the end of the intervention and follow-up questions after one year assessing psychological parameters before and after the mindfulness practices and website feedback. The results suggest that the web-based online program seems at the first glance feasible, comprehensible, and applicable. The nonparametric post-test analyses eventuated in an increase in mindfulness and self-compassion scores for the intervention group, but not for the control group. Overall, due to the small sample size, it is difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the feasibility of the web-based online program, but the website’s establishment and the program’s implementation were successful. This research supports the need to execute a more extensive and comprehensive investigation of the online mindfulemotion program and its potential for elite athletes.
Multi-sensor data fusion and bidirectional-temporal attention convolutional network for remaining useful life prediction of rolling bearing

Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is crucial in the field of engineering, which can reduce the frequency of accidents and the maintenance cost of machinery. With the increasing complexity of rotating machinery, the data analysis methods based on deep learning have become the mainstream methods of prediction work. However, most of the current RUL prediction methods only use single-sensor data as input, which cannot effectively use multi-sensor data. In addition, as an advanced deep learning prediction method, temporal convolutional network (TCN) only uses the past time information of vibration data to determine the current health status of bearings, while ignoring the importance of future time information of vibration data. To solve the above problems, a bearing RUL prediction method based on multi-sensor data fusion and bidirectional-temporal attention convolutional network (Bi-TACN) is proposed in this paper. In multi-sensor data fusion, multi-sensor data are combined into multi-channel data, and a channel-weighted attention is designed to emphasize the importance of each sensor data. Compared with traditional multi-sensor data fusion, the proposed fusion method allows deep prediction networks to learn more useful feature information from multi-sensor data. Then, Bi-TACN is developed to predict the RUL of bearings. Bi-TACN is mainly composed of the forward TCN block and the backward TCN block, both of which can learn the past and future time information of multi-sensor data simultaneously. Moreover, a temporal attention mechanism is embedded in Bi-TACN to adaptively calibrate the weights of the two TCN blocks, so as to achieve dynamic feature fusion of past and future time information. RUL prediction experiments are carried out through Xi’an Jiao tong University bearing dataset and PHM 2012 bearing dataset respectively. Compared with the advanced prediction methods, the proposed method can accurately predict the RUL of more types of bearings and has low prediction errors.
A Unified Formulation for Laminated Composite and Sandwich Plates Subject to Thermal Load Using Various Plate Theories

This paper proposes several normalized and non-normalized displacement fields based on hybrid and trigonometric hyperbolic shear strain shape functions in order to solve the analytical thermoelastic problem of simply-supported laminated composite and sandwich plates using the Carrera unified formulation (CUF) as strategy. The equivalent single layer (ESL) governing equations for laminated composite plate are obtained by employing the principle of virtual displacement (PVD) and are solved using Navier’s method solution. Linear and nonlinear temperature distributions through the plate thickness are taken into account. A hybrid and trigonometric hyperbolic shear strain shape functions are introduced in normalized and non-normalized form in the mathematical model. The obtained results are compared with the classical polynomial ones for several order of expansion. Interesting approximations with 3D solution are shown for low and high order of expansion.
Nanopore-based electrokinetic purification of oil-in-water emulsions with temperature and pH modulation

Efficient purification of oil-in-water emulsions is significant for protecting global water resources. Nevertheless, the traditional passive technologies for handling oil-in-water emulsions suffer from the drawback of low cost-effectiveness due to the use of robust filtration membranes. In our previous research, an active electrokinetic-based oil droplet filtration technique was developed that relied on the negative dielectrophoretic phenomenon induced by the huge difference between the dielectric properties of oil and water. However, the effects of the temperature and pH of wastewater on the electrokinetic filtration efficiency of oil droplets have never been clarified. In the present work, a multi-physical theoretical model of electrokinetic purification of oil-in-water emulsions with modulation of temperature and pH is constructed. The dimensionless ratio of dielectrophoretic force over hydrodynamic (HD) force on an oil droplet is an essential criterion for its dynamic behavior, and it exhibits a positive correlation with purification effectiveness of oil-in-water emulsions. From numerical modeling, the magnitude of the dielectrophoretic force to HD force ratio on an oil droplet is enhanced by decreasing temperature, increasing ion concentration and a neutral pH (pH = 7.0) of oily wastewater. Then, the critical direct current voltage for realizing successful oil droplet filtration through an insulated nanopore under electrokinetics is analyzed under different parameters, with the results indicating that the amount of energy required for purification of oil-in-water emulsions can be reduced by reducing the temperature and neutralizing the pH of the aqueous solution. This work offers a theoretical understanding of electrokinetic purification of oil-in-water emulsions, contributing to its development for industrial applications.
Oximetry using multispectral imaging: theory and application

Multispectral imaging (MSI) is a technique for measurement of blood oxygen saturation in vivo that can be applied using various imaging modalities to provide new insights into physiology and disease development. This tutorial aims to provide a thorough introduction to the theory and application of MSI oximetry for researchers new to the field, whilst also providing detailed information for more experienced researchers. The optical theory underlying two-wavelength oximetry, three-wavelength oximetry, pulse oximetry, and multispectral oximetry algorithms are described in detail. The varied challenges of applying MSI oximetry to in vivo applications are outlined and discussed, covering: the optical properties of blood and tissue, optical paths in blood vessels, tissue auto-fluorescence, oxygen diffusion, and common oximetry artefacts. Essential image processing techniques for MSI are discussed, in particular, image acquisition, image registration strategies, and blood vessel line profile fitting. Calibration and validation strategies for MSI are discussed, including comparison techniques, physiological interventions, and phantoms. The optical principles and unique imaging capabilities of various cutting-edge MSI oximetry techniques are discussed, including photoacoustic imaging, spectroscopic optical coherence tomography, and snapshot MSI.
Production of Tetraploid Plants from Cotyledons of Diploid Melia volkensii Gürke

Polyploidy was induced in Melia volkensii (Mukau), a valuable native tree from the semi-arid regions of East Africa. Cotyledons of diploid M. volkensii (2n = 2x = 28) were treated with oryzalin for 0 (control), 1, 2, or 3 h with or without pretreatment with 1.1 µM thidiazuron. Cotyledons treated with 10 mg·L−1 oryzalin for three hours yielded 40% tetraploids. Pretreatment of cotyledons with thidiazuron for 18 days followed by treatment with oryzalin increased tetraploid plant production to 52.5%, but this also yielded more mixoploids. Compared to diploid M. volkensii, the tetraploid in vitro and young potted plants were compacter, with thicker stems, wider leaves, and a low density of longer and wider stomata. In the coming years, tetraploid M. volkensii plants will be observed in field trials and serve as a basis for further breeding efforts.
Lattice Boltzmann methods for direct numerical simulation of turbulent fluid flows

We study the use of lattice Boltzmann (lb) methods for simulation of turbulent fluid flows motivated by their high computational throughput and amenability to highly parallel platforms such as graphics processing units (gpus). Several algorithmic improvements are unearthed including work on non-unit Courant numbers, the force operator, use of alternative topologies based on face and body centered cubic lattices and a new formulation using a generalized eigendecomposition that allows a new freedom in tuning the eigenvectors of the linearised collision operator. Applications include a variable bulk viscosity and the use of a stretched grid, our implementation of which reduces errors present in previous efforts. We present details for numerous lattices including all required matrices, their moments the procedures and programs used to generate these and perform linear stability analysis. Small Mach number flows where density variations are negligible except in the buoyancy force term allow the use of a highly accurate finite volume solver to simulate the evolution of the buoyancy field which is coupled to the lb simulation as an external force. We use a multidimensional flux limited third order flux integral based advection scheme. The simplified algorithm we have devised is easier to implement, has higher performance and does not sacrifice any accuracy compared to the leading alternative. Our algorithm is particularly suited to an outflow based implementation which furthers the stated benefits. We present numerical experiments confirming the third order accuracy of our scheme when applied to multidimensional advection. The coupled solver is implemented in a new code that runs in parallel across multiple machines using gpus. Our code achieves high computational throughput and accuracy and is used to simulate a range of turbulent flows. Details regarding turbulent channel flow and sheared convective boundary layer simulations are presented including some new insight into the scaling properties of the latter flow. Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Associate Professor Michael Kirkpatrick. He has been a constant figure of guidance, support, inspiration and wisdom. I would also like to mention his patience in reading my writing and providing feedback. I would also like to thank Professor Steven Armfield who has also been a continued source of guidance, support, inspiration and wisdom. I would also like to express my gratitude for the financial support of the Australian Postgraduate Award and for the additional finiancial support provided by my supervisor as well as the school of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering for their support of this thesis and for providing part time employment during this time. Finally I would like to thank my partner Jessica Cheok for her support and understanding during this time.
Screening of a new candidate coxsackievirus B1 vaccine strain based on its biological characteristics

Coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1) is one of the significant pathogens causing viral myocarditis, hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and aseptic meningitis, and it has been associated with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). No effective antiviral drugs against CVB1 infection or preventive vaccines are available. Due to the success of two inactivated vaccines against enterovirus 71 and poliovirus, an inactivated Vero cell-based CVB1 vaccine could be developed. In this study, we isolated a high-growth CVB1 virus strain KM7 in Vero cells and developed a Vero-adapted vaccine candidate strain KM7-X29 via three rounds of plaque purification and serial passages. The KM7-X29 strain was grouped into the GII sub-genotype, which belonged to the Chinese epidemic strain and grew to a titer of more than 107 CCID50/ml in Vero cells. The inactivated CVB1 vaccine produced by the KM7-X29 strain induced an effective neutralizing antibody response in BALB/c mice, and maternal antibodies were able to provide a 100% protective effect against lethal challenges with a CVB1 strain in suckling BALB/c mice. Thus, the KM7-X29 strain might be used as a new candidate coxsackievirus B1 vaccine strain. The neonatal murine model of CVB1 infection will contribute to the development of the CVB1 vaccine.
Structural Vulnerability and Toxicity Experiences in the Uruguayan Soybeanisation Process

Fuelled by agribusiness, transgenic soybean crops, genetically modified to withstand pesticide use, have increased in use during the last 20 years in the Southern Cone of Latin America. Plantations are understood as examples of ‘modular simplifications’ in ‘patchy Anthropocene’ landscapes (Tsing et al. 2019), where the attempt to reduce diversity may have social and ecological feral effects as diseases and toxins spread. In Uruguay, as an agro-exporter country, soybean expansionist processes correlate with an increased use of pesticides. Based on an ethnographic study (2016–2018) carried out in the main Uruguayan agricultural region, this Research Article seeks to analyse the experiences of toxicity among agricultural workers and rural inhabitants in the soybeanisation context. I propose that pesticide effects transcend biomedical diagnoses of ‘intoxication’. I also contend that the experience of toxicity can be understood as occurring along a continuum in the daily life of sufferers, which encompasses chemical and biological processes, their affects, intersectional conflicts, lay concepts of illnesses, informal self-care networks, and unequal access to health services. This ethnography demonstrates that the experience of toxic suffering embodies inequalities in environmental health in the time of the Anthropocene and is shaped by structural vulnerabilities and politics of exposure.
Unsteady Aerodynamic Forces on NACA 0015 Airfoil in Harmonic Translatory Motion

The unsteady two-dimensional aerodynamic forces acting on a NACA 0015 airfoil undergoing harmonic translatory motions have been investigated experimentally and theoretically/numerically. The focus of the experimental investigations was to determine the factors that influence the aerodynamic damping of harmonic translatory motion. Specifically, measurements of unsteady pressure distributions were undertaken at a range of incidences, movement directions, amplitudes and reduced frequencies matching real life conditions for the flap and lead-lag motion of wind turbine rotors. From the experimental results it was seen that the maximum negative aerodynamic damping take place at moderate stall at an incidence of about 15, at a movement direction close to the chordwise direction, and that the aerodynamic damping at 15 and 20 for the stalling cases decreases as the reduced frequency is decreased. The dependance on the amplitude of the motion was weak. Up to three distinctively different stall modes occurring in both steady and unsteady experiments at incidences 15 ≤ α ≤ 20 was observed. Both the mean and dynamic characteristics was found to differ from mode to mode. As a part of the theoretical work an unsteady panel code was implemented. This code was used to investigate the differences in the dynamic response of an airfoil undergoing heaving motion and pitching motion. Another application of the panel code was to compute the effect of the imposition of wind tunnel walls on the dynamic response of the airfoil. From these results dynamic tunnel corrections was derived. A different part of the theoretical work concerned the development of a new heuristic stall model, which can be considered an ‘interpolation’ between quasi-stationary theory and unsteady potential theory. Comparison with the experimental results shows very good agreement in the attached cases, but the new model fails to reproduce the features of the moderately and deeply stalled flows due to the assumption of similarity between the dynamics in the attached and stalling cases. Comparison of results obtained with a Navier-Stokes solver showed excellent agreement with the experimental data for incidences up to 8. Fully turbulent flow was assumed in the Navier-Stokes simulations. The differences between the results for incidences 12 and above were caused by too late predicted onset of stall in the simulations, and that the Navier-Stokes solver predicted a strong effect from vortex shedding at incidence 20, which was not found in the experiments. The overall features of the aerodynamic damping was captured correctly for incidences up to 15. The discrepancies at 20 was caused by the strong vortex dynamics in the predictions.
An implicit finite wear contact formulation based on dual mortar methods

Finite deformation contact problems with frictional effects and finite shape changes due to wear are investigated. To capture the finite shape changes, a third configuration besides the well‐known reference and spatial configurations is introduced, which represents the time‐dependent worn state. Consistent interconnections between these states are realized by an arbitrary Lagrangean–Eulerian formulation. The newly developed partitioned and fully implicit algorithm is based on a Lagrangean step and a shape evolution step. Within the Lagrangean step, contact constraints as well as the wear equations are weakly enforced following the well‐established mortar framework. Additional unknowns due to the employed Lagrange multiplier method for contact constraint enforcement and due to wear itself are eliminated by condensation procedures based on the concept of biorthogonality and the so‐called dual shape functions. Several numerical examples in both 2D and 3D are provided to demonstrate the performance and accuracy of the proposed numerical algorithm. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adaptive Detection of a Moving Target Undergoing Illumination Changes against a Dynamic Background

A detection algorithm, based on the combined local-global (CLG) optical-flow model and Gaussian pyramid for a moving target appearing against a dynamic background, can compensate for the inadaptability of the classic Horn–Schunck algorithm to illumination changes and reduce the number of needed calculations. Incorporating the hypothesis of gradient conservation into the traditional CLG optical-flow model and combining structure and texture decomposition enable this algorithm to minimize the impact of illumination changes on optical-flow estimates. Further, calculating optical-flow with the Gaussian pyramid by layers and computing optical-flow at other points using an optical-flow iterative with higher gray-level points together reduce the number of calculations required to improve detection efficiency. Finally, this proposed method achieves the detection of a moving target against a dynamic background, according to the background motion vector determined by the displacement and magnitude of the optical-flow. Simulation results indicate that this algorithm, in comparison to the traditional Horn-Schunck optical-flow algorithm, accurately detects a moving target undergoing illumination changes against a dynamic background and simultaneously demonstrates a significant reduction in the number of computations needed to improve detection efficiency.