Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi Gilliam to gamma interferon in cultured mouse cells

Recombinant rodent gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) inhibited the infection of cultured BALB/3T3 mouse fibroblasts by Rickettsia tsutsugamushi Gilliam, apparently mainly by clearance of intracellular rickettsiae. No significant effect on rickettsial entry into the cells was noted; IFN-gamma was toxic to infected cells, as measured by the capacity of treated, infected cells to attach to the surfaces of culture vessels. In a small proportion of IFN-gamma-treated cells, rickettsial replication appeared to persist at normal levels. A fraction (28%) of rickettsiae clonally isolated from cultures treated with IFN-gamma was resistant to IFN-gamma-mediated inhibition, but four serial passages of these resistant clones in the absence of additional IFN-gamma resulted in the loss of resistance. In several respects, therefore, the IFN-gamma-mediated inhibition of scrub typhus rickettsiae in cultured fibroblasts was similar to that reported for Rickettsia prowazekii.
Depressive Symptomatology and Medical Co-Morbidity in a Primary Care Clinic

Most primary care patients exhibiting significant depressive symptomatology fail to meet DSM-III criteria for a major depressive disorder (MDD). Yet, such patients have substantial morbidity and dysfunction attributable to their affective syndrome. Since surprisingly little is known about this group's clinical characteristics, we studied 618 general medicine patients aged eighteen to sixty-four years. In this population, fifty-seven (9.2%) scored quite high when screened on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (≥ 27) while not meeting MDD criteria on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Membership in the “depression symptoms only” (DSO) group was predicted by a logistic regression model including female gender, more severe medical illness, higher likelihood of operative procedures, and less frequent cardiovascular diagnoses. Our findings suggest that the DSO state is associated with substantial “medical” morbidity. Prospective studies of subclinical depression in the primary care setting are urged to clarify etiologic and treatment concerns.
Risk Factors for Hamstring Injuries in Male Soccer Players: A Systematic Review of Prospective Studies

Hamstring injuries are common injuries in soccer players. In view of the high incidence and the serious consequences, identifying risk factors related to hamstring injuries is essential. The aim of this systematic review was therefore to identify risk factors for hamstring injuries in male adult soccer players. PubMed, Embase/Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched, and prospective studies investigating risk factors for hamstring injuries in adult male soccer players were included. The methodological quality of the included articles was assessed using a standardized set of predefined criteria. Seven of the 11 studies identified, involving a total of 1775 players and 344 hamstring injuries, met the inclusion criteria. All but one of the included studies met at least five of nine methodological criteria, causing them to be qualified as ‘high quality’. The included studies used univariate as well as multivariate analyses to identify risk factors for hamstring injury. The results from the multivariate analyses suggest that previous hamstring injury is most strongly related to hamstring injury. Conflicting evidence is found for age and hamstring length or flexibility as risk factors for the occurrence of hamstring injuries.
Functional status of centenarians in Tokyo, Japan: developing better phenotypes of exceptional longevity.

BACKGROUND Centenarians are sometimes said to be representative of lifelong healthy aging. Whether they are, in fact, examples of healthy aging remains a subject of debate. The existence of heterogeneity in functional status has been reported repeatedly in previous studies of centenarians. However, there is as yet no standardized classification system with which to describe their functional phenotype. METHODS As part of a dynamic cohort study, we studied 304 centenarians (65 men and 239 women) living in Tokyo. Their functional status (sensory, physical, and cognitive), which we used to represent their phenotype, was assessed and subsequently classified by standard assessment methods (simple questionnaire, Barthel index, Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Clinical Dementia Rating, respectively). RESULTS We classified participants into 4 categories according to their functional status. Only 5 (2%) were classified as "Exceptional," with all of their functions graded as excellent, and 56 (18%) were "Normal," exhibiting maintenance of fine cognitive and physical functions. One hundred sixty-seven (55%) were "Frail," exhibiting impairment of either cognitive or physical functions, and the remaining 76 (25%) were "Fragile," exhibiting deterioration of both physical and cognitive functions. CONCLUSIONS The relationships between biochemical marker, mortality rates, lifestyle, and functional phenotypes demonstrated by this classification method indicate that the system is reliable to address the functional status of extremely old persons. Thus, this framework would be a useful tool for exploring the factors that contribute to exceptional longevity as well as those that help to maintain the functional status of the extremely old population.
Social Impact Theory: A Field Test of Source Strength, Source Immediacy and Number of Targets

In light of the recent controversy regarding Social impact Theory (Jackson, 1986; Mullen, 1985, 1986), a test of certain crucial features of the theory was undertaken. High-strength and high-immediacy sources were found to exert more impact than low-strength and low-immediacy sources respectively, thus supporting Social impact Theory. Additional tenets of the theory concerning number of targets were also supported. However, more complex predictions of Social impact Theory concerning the multiplicative effects of source, immediacy, and number of targets were not confirmed.
Kaempferol‐induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells is mediated by activation of MEK‐MAPK

A vast variety of naturally occurring substances have been shown to protect against experimental carcinogenesis and an increasing amount of evidence suggests that kaempferol may have cancer chemopreventative properties. However, the precise underlying protective mechanisms are poorly understood. To elucidate these mechanisms, we challenged human lung cancer cell line A549 with kaempferol and investigated its effects upon cellular growth and signal transduction pathways. Treatment of A549 cells with kaempferol resulted in a dose‐ and time‐dependent reduction in cell viability and DNA synthesis with the rate of apoptosis equivalent to 0.9 ± 0.5, 5.2 ± 1.5, 16.8 ± 2.0, 25.4 ± 2.6, and 37.8 ± 4.5% on treatment with 0, 17.5, 35.0, 52.5, and 70.0 μM kaempferol, respectively. Concomitantly, kaempferol treatments led to a 1.2‐, 2.7‐, 3.3‐, and 3.4‐fold increase in Bax. Similar elevations were also observed in Bad which increased 1.2‐, 3.3‐, 3.7‐, and 4.7‐fold, respectively, as compared to control. Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xL expression were inhibited in a dose‐dependent fashion. While the Akt‐1 and phosphorylated Akt‐1 were inhibited, the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) was activated upon kaempferol treatment. Kaempferol induced apoptosis was associated with the cleavage of caspase‐7 and poly ADP‐ribose polymerase (PARP). Inhibition of MEK1/2 but not PI‐3 kinase blocked kaempferol‐induced cleavage of caspase‐7, PARP cleavage, and apoptosis. The results suggest that inactivation of Akt‐1 and alteration of Bcl‐2 family of proteins are not sufficient for kaempferol to induce apoptosis and activation of MEK‐MAPK is a requirement for kaempferol‐induced cell death machinery in A549 cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 197: 110–121, 2003© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Support vector machine model with discriminant graph regularization term

Traditional SVM classification model constructs linear discriminant function by maximizing the margin between two classes, and the weight vector of the discriminant function is only related to a small number of support vectors near the decision boundary. The small amount of support vectors is hard to describe the global distributive information when the distributions of the samples are nonlinear manifolds structure. To solve this problem, the graph regularization term with discrimination information is introduced into the objective function of SVM model. Experimental results on public data sets show that the classification accuracy of this method has improved significantly compared to traditional SVM models.
The Teaching-Research Nexus: Applying a Framework to University Students' Learning Experiences.

The question of whether there is a nexus between the teaching and research roles of academics can be an emotive one, but it is one which goes to the heart of academic work. Hence, it is not surprising that commentaries on the teaching-research nexus abound. However, empirical investigations, predominantly survey based, have provided no conclusive evidence for a link between the two roles (Feldman, 1987; Finkelstein, 1984; Friedrich & Michalak, 1983; Jensen, 1988). This paper reports the findings of a study with undergraduate and postgraduate students on their views about their teaching and learning experiences at university and their contact with university research. The aim of the study is to examine the degree to which students are aware of academics' research role and whether the conduct of research, in their view, has any impact on the teaching and learning they experience. This study forms part of a broader investigation on the nature of academic work in Australian universities which examines the perceptions academics hold of their core work roles-teaching, research and scholarship-and the influence of academic and disciplinary cultures in shaping these beliefs. Previous work (Neumann, 1993a, 1993b, 1992) has focused on senior academic administrators-vice-chancellors and their deputies, deans and heads of department-from the humanities, sciences, social sciences and professional areas. These senior academic administrators were from universities with a well-developed research role across a broad range of disciplines. The study takes into account the differing historical backgrounds of the universities and hence other stages are examining the perceptions of senior academic administrators in the newer universities created by the Unified National System, as well as academics from professor to associate lecturer in non-administrative positions. The incorporation of students in the academic spectrum is considered vital to complete the range. The teaching role exists to serve students, and so they are a key source for investigating whether a connection between teaching and research is perceived to exist in the teaching and learning they experience. In previous studies of the teaching-research nexus, investigators have generally focused on surveys of, and to a lesser extent interviews with, academics, in order to correlate work preferences, time usage and perceptions of the reward system (see for example, Adamson, 1980; Bassis & Guskin, 1986; Genn, 1980; Halsey, 1992; Halsey & Trow, 1971; Haneman, 1975; Powell et al., 1983). Student views have been indirectly considered in studies correlating student evaluations of 323
Conflicts with Authority: Children's Feelings, Actions, and Justifications.

Children's views of authority interactions were examined in 144 children from 6 to 11 years of age. Vignettes describing everyday conflicts between children and adult authorities (parent, teacher, police, lifeguard, store manager, and librarian) were used. A subjects factor was introduced into the log-linear analyses. The children were reported as feeling bad, as complying, and as anticipating negative consequences for noncompliance. There was a positive correlation between compliance and the anticipation of negative consequences. Although the children saw the authority interactions as coercive, their justifications did not refer primarily to coercion. The children viewed authority relations as involving an interplay between coercion and legitimate reasons for compliance. Age changes were found in reported feelings and in a small set of justifications
Inherited variation at MC1R and ASIP and association with melanoma‐specific survival

Melanocortin‐1 receptor (MC1R) is a marker of melanoma risk in populations of European ancestry. However, MC1R effects on survival are much less studied. We investigated associations between variation at MC1R and survival in an international, population‐based series of single primary melanoma patients enrolled into the Genes, Environment, and Melanoma study. MC1R genotype data was available for 2,200 participants with a first incident primary melanoma diagnosis. We estimated the association of MC1R genotypes with melanoma‐specific survival (i.e., death caused by melanoma) and overall survival using COX proportional hazards modeling, adjusting for established prognostic factors for melanoma. We also conducted stratified analyses by Breslow thickness, tumor site, phenotypic index, and age. In addition, we evaluated haplotypes involving polymorphisms near the Agouti signaling protein gene (ASIP) locus for their impacts on survival. Melanoma‐specific survival was inversely associated with carriage of MC1R variants in the absence of consensus alleles compared to carriage of at least one consensus allele (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.60; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.40, 0.90). MC1R results for overall survival were consistent with no association. We did not observe any statistical evidence of heterogeneity of effect estimates in stratified analyses. We observed increased hazard of melanoma‐specific death among carriers of the risk haplotype TG near the ASIP locus (HR = 1.37; 95% CI: 0.91, 2.04) when compared to carriers of the most common GG haplotype. Similar results were noted for overall survival. Upon examining the ASIP TG/TG diplotype, we observed considerably increased hazard of melanoma‐specific death (HR = 5.11; 95% CI: 1.88, 13.88) compared to carriers of the most common GG/GG diplotype. Our data suggest improved melanoma‐specific survival among carriers of two inherited MC1R variants.
Human and viral interleukin-10 in acute Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis.

Human interleukin 10 (hIL-10), a product of monocytes, T cells, and B cells, shares extensive structural and functional similarity with viral IL-10 (vIL-10), a product of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) replication. With two ELISAs, one that recognizes both hIL-10 and vIL-10 and the other specific for vIL-10, IL-10 was measured in serum or plasma and in saliva from 50 patients with acute EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis and from 19 normal subjects. In serum or plasma, 60% of the patients had measurable hIL-10 and/or vIL-10 and 18% had measurable vIL-10. In saliva, 20% of the patients had detectable hIL-10 and/or vIL-10 and none had detectable vIL-10. In contrast, hIL-10 and/or vIL-10 was undetectable in all 19 normal serum or plasma samples (P < .001 vs. patient samples). Among normal saliva samples, 21% had detectable hIL-10 and/or vIL-10 but none had detectable vIL-10. Thus, most patients with acute EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis transiently have abnormally high levels of circulating IL-10.
Bilateral pyramid based pansharpening of multispectral satellite images

A new fusion method based on bilateral pyramid for multispectral and panchromatic images is presented. The fused image is obtained by two different rules: substitutive and additive methods. Bilateral pyramid is a multiscale decomposition method which decomposes an input image into a base layer representing the low frequency content and several detail layers representing the high frequency part of the image. In substitutive method, both MS and PAN images are decomposed using bilateral pyramid. The detail layers of the PAN image are added to the base layer of the MS image. In additive method, the detail layers of the PAN image are directly added to the MS image. The proposed method is compared with the widely used IHS (intensity-hue-saturation), ATWT substitutive and ATWT additive fusion methods. The resulting images as well as evaluation metrics demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has better performance.
Au-delà de la transparence de l'information, contrôler la liquidité

Analyste de la finance et des mecanismes de speculation, l’economiste s’interroge ici sur la demande unanime de regulation, car le terme recouvre bien des malentendus ! La crise actuelle appelle veritablement a changer de schema intellectuel et a reconnaitre qu’un surcroit de transparence ne suffira pas en lui-meme car il faut remettre en cause l’indifferenciation entre marches qui rend possible une liquidite generalisee.
Phyllodes tumours

Phyllodes tumours are rare fibroepithelial lesions that account for less than 1% of all breast neoplasms. With the non-operative management of fibroadenomas widely adopted, the importance of phyllodes tumours today lies in the need to differentiate them from other benign breast lesions. All breast lumps should be triple assessed and the diagnosis of a phyllodes tumour considered in women, particularly over the age of 35 years, who present with a rapidly growing “benign” breast lump. Treatment can be by either wide excision or mastectomy provided histologically clear specimen margins are ensured. Nodal metastases are rare and routine axillary dissection is not recommended. Few reliable clinical and histological prognostic factors have been identified. Local recurrence occurs in approximately 15% of patients and is more common after incomplete excision. It can usually be controlled by further surgery. Repeated local recurrence has been reported without the development of distant metastases or reduced survival. Approximately 20% of patients with malignant phyllodes tumours develop distant metastases. Long term survival with distant metastases is rare. The role of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormonal manipulation in both the adjuvant and palliative settings remain to be defined.
Grasp the implicit features: Hierarchical emotion classification based on topic model and SVM

Microblog post has been a hot research source for emotion classification in recent years. However, due to bloggers' free narrative style and topics' timeliness, the data from microblog post is usually implicit and imbalanced. In this paper, the problems of emotion classification in Chinese microblog posts are solved in a hierarchical way using a knowledge-based topic model and Support Vector Machine(SVM). Based on topic model, an implicit feature detection algorithm is proposed to identify the latent emotions underlying the microblog posts. Meanwhile, a hierarchical emotion structure is employed to classify emotions into 19 classes of four levels by SVM. This structure can meet different research requirements at three granularities. The experiment results validate that our model can achieve better performance in terms of precision, recall and F-scores.
Successful void free gap fill of 3µm, high AR via middle, Through Silicon Vias at wafer level

This paper presents challenges encountered in the fabrication of high aspect ratio (AR) via middle, Through Silicon Vias (TSV), of 3μm top entrant critical dimension (CD) and 50μm depth. Higher AR TSV integration is explored due to the lower stress influence of TSVs observed in adjacent CMOS devices.
Elementary, Middle, and High School Student Perceptions of Tension in Music

School-age students from Grades 2, 5, 8, and 11/12 (N = 112) were asked to listen to a recording of the first movement of Haydn's Symphony No. 104. All subjects were asked to record their perception of “tension ” in the music using a Continuous Response Digital Interface (CRDI) dial. As in previous studies of this type (Fredrickson, 1995; Madsen & Fredrickson, 1993), no definition of the term in question was given, allowing subjects to, in essence, create their own definition. Graphic analysis showed that even though the magnitude of group responses varied widely, there are some striking similarities in the timing of major group responses. Pearson correlations between groups ranged from . 98 between the fifth and eighth graders to . 71 between the second graders and a population of professional musicians from a previous study who responded to the same musical recording. In general, younger subjects tended to use a wider range of the dial, whereas older and more musically experienced subjects were much more conservative. These results were consistent with results of previous studies and indicated a perceptual consistency regarding an entity that a fairly wide variety of populations define as tension in this piece of music.
Hybrid Batch Bayesian Optimization

Bayesian Optimization aims at optimizing an unknown non-convex/concave function that is costly to evaluate. We are interested in application scenarios where concurrent function evaluations are possible. Under such a setting, BO could choose to either sequentially evaluate the function, one input at a time and wait for the output of the function before making the next selection, or evaluate the function at a batch of multiple inputs at once. These two different settings are commonly referred to as the sequential and batch settings of Bayesian Optimization. In general, the sequential setting leads to better optimization performance as each function evaluation is selected with more information, whereas the batch setting has an advantage in terms of the total experimental time (the number of iterations). In this work, our goal is to combine the strength of both settings. Specifically, we systematically analyze Bayesian optimization using Gaussian process as the posterior estimator and provide a hybrid algorithm that, based on the current state, dynamically switches between a sequential policy and a batch policy with variable batch sizes. We provide theoretical justification for our algorithm and present experimental results on eight benchmark BO problems. The results show that our method achieves substantial speedup (up to %78) compared to a pure sequential policy, without suffering any significant performance loss.
PERIODIC CHANGES IN RATE OF AMINO ACID UPTAKE DURING YEAST CELL CYCLE

Uptake of amino acids is a complex process but in cells growing with ammonia as sole nitrogen source the initial uptake rate of amino acids is a measure of the transport capacity of the uptake system (permease). In synchronous cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae amino acids were transported at all stages of the cell cycle. However, for any one amino acid the initial uptake rate was constant for most of the cycle and doubled during a discrete part of the cycle. Thus, for a variety of amino acids the functioning amino acid transport capacity of the membrane doubles once per cycle at a characteristic stage of the cycle. Arginine, valine, and phenylalanine exhibit periodic doubling of uptake rate at different stages of the cell cycle indicating that the transport of these amino acids is mediated by three different systems. Serine, phenylalanine, and leucine exhibit periodic doubling of the uptake rate at the same stage of the cycle. However, it is unlikely that serine and phenylalanine share the same transport system since the uptake of one is not inhibited by the other amino acid. This phenomenon is analogous to the periodic synthesis of soluble enzymes observed in S. cerevisiae.