Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Management of pediatric tonsillectomy pain: a review of the literature

: Tonsillectomy is associated with significant pain and postoperative pain control is often unsatisfactory. We discuss the various strategies that have been investigated to control pain following tonsillectomy. Codeine is a weak analgesic frequently used in children for the treatment of mild-to-moderate pain, however, due to adverse events related to its metabolism, it has been contraindicated for postoperative pain in children since 2013. Intravenous morphine is frequently used for moderate-to-severe pain in children, however, its active metabolite can lead to respiratory depressant and other undesirable side effects. Hydromorphone is a commonly used alternative that has been studied infrequently. Alternatives to narcotic pain strategies have also been studied. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective as analgesics, yet many practitioners avoid their use given the concern for postoperative bleeding. Intraoperative acetaminophen has been shown to improve postoperative pain and decrease recovery room time. Dexamethasone has been shown to improve postoperative pain, vomiting, and decrease airway swelling, and seems to be effective for use during tonsillectomy surgery. Ketamine has been shown to decrease analgesic requirements without adverse affects of hallucinations. Direct injection of local anesthetic into the tonsillar bed has been shown to be effective in improving pain control, however, there is concern that local anesthetic could be erroneously injected into the carotid artery and lead to devastating consequences. Optimal pain control regimens following pediatric tonsillectomy continue to be a challenge for both anesthesiologists and otorhinolaryngologists. Opioids are the most commonly used but are associated with significant side effects, especially postoperative respiratory depression. Adjuncts may be safely used in the perioperative period and may have narcotic sparing effects as well as improved cost effectiveness. Further research into additional analgesics strategies is necessary to improve the perioperative course.
LV shape and motion: B-spline-based deformable model and sequential motion decomposition

In this paper, we extend a previous work by J. Park and propose a uniform framework to reconstruct left ventricle (LV) geometry/motion from tagged MR images. In our work, the LV is modeled as a generalized prolate spheroid, and its motion is decomposed into four components-global translation, polar radial/z-axis compression, twisting, and bending. By formulating model parameters as tensor products of B-splines, we develop efficient algorithms to quickly reconstruct LV geometry/motion from extracted boundary contours and tracked planar tags. Experiments on both synthesized and in vivo data are also reported.
A New Method for Estimating Flow Duration Curves : an Application to the Burdekin River Catchment, North Queensland, Australia

This paper presents a new method of representing flow duration curves (FDC) using a logarithmic transformation. The FDC has been defined using two parameters – the ‘cease to flow’ point, and the slope of the FDC. This method for defining the FDC has been applied to 23 sub-catchments of the Burdekin River in North Queensland, Australia. The two parameters defining the FDC have been related to the area, mean annual precipitation, drainage density and total stream length of the catchments under consideration. Finally, a regionalisation procedure has been developed whereby the FDC for an ungauged catchment can be predicted based on the attributes of that catchment. Significant landuse change such as dam construction can have a significant impact on the FDC, implying that the FDC may be used as an indicator of landuse change in a catchment. Finally, the mirror-image nature of the FDC may imply that it is possible to predict high flows in a particular catchment based on analysis of low flows in that catchment.
Cyberbullying Behaviors and Impact to Adolescence in Indonesia

Technological advances are currently growing rapidly; the internet is more easily accessible to everyone. The use of the Internet has become a basic need for people, especially teenagers in Indonesia. However, it also gives a bad impact such as cyberbullying, which experienced by most teenagers who use the internet. The objective of this study are to identify cyberbullying behaviors and analyze the impacts toward both bulliers and victims. The method used in this research is study of literature by reviewing from books, articles and Scientific’s journals related to cyberbullying in adolescence. The result shown that internet consumption in Indonesia mostly are teenager in age 15-19 years old, based on We Are Social and Hootsuite research in 2017 the growth of internet users Indonesia reached 51% per year that is the highest number in the world. According to various studies related to cyberbullying behavior not only affects the victim but it also gives negative impact to those who bullied others. Victims can get a bad mental health and also affects to their social activities which can leading them to become withdrawn and depressed, anxious and insecure. Kids who bullied others tend to do another criminal actions even in the real world. Keywords: Adolescence, Cyberbullying, Mental Health, Social Media, Technology
Studies on lexical inferencing and inter comprehension of Italian as a foreign language in a Swedish setting

This dissertation is a collection of three studies in which the main focus is on the role of Swedish L1 speakers’ background languages for the comprehension of written Italian at a lexical level. Italian is one of the foreign languages that Swedish pupils in upper secondary school can choose to study. Previous research on third language acquisition and the role of the background languages in the Swedish context has mainly concerned oral production. With the studies in this thesis we intend to contribute to research on third language acquisition regarding comprehension of Italian both as an L3 and an unknown language. The first study, written in Italian, is a licenciate thesis. It examines the lexical inferencing procedures of 12 upper secondary school pupils studying Italian as a beginner’s language when they are trying to translate as much as possible of an Italian text into Swedish by means of think-aloud protocols. The second study is an intercomprehension study, which means that the three participants did not have any knowledge of Italian. The role of the participants’ background languages when translating Italian text into Swedish was examined, with focus on which language(s) were mainly activated and used and the use of which language(s) led to the highest success rate. As in the first study, the method used was think-aloud protocols. The third study had 60 participants divided into three groups. Neither of the participants had any knowledge of Italian. One group translated, in writing, a short Italian text into L2 English, the second group into L3 Spanish and the third into L3 French. The results of the three studies indicate that all the languages that the participants know are to some extent activated and used for the comprehension of Italian. Furthermore, it appears that the language into which the participants were asked to translate had an impact on the activation of the background languages. If they were asked to translate into another foreign language instead of Swedish, Swedish was not activated and used to the same extent. (Less)
The Role of Fatty Acid Oxidation in the Metabolic Reprograming of Activated T-Cells

Activation represents a significant bioenergetic challenge for T-cells, which must undergo metabolic reprogramming to keep pace with increased energetic demands. This review focuses on the role of fatty acid metabolism, both in vitro and in vivo, following T-cell activation. Based upon previous studies in the literature, as well as accumulating evidence in allogeneic cells, I propose a multi-step model of in vivo metabolic reprogramming. In this model, a primary determinant of metabolic phenotype is the ubiquity and duration of antigen exposure. The implications of this model, as well as the future challenges and opportunities in studying T-cell metabolism, will be discussed.
Mining Scholarly Semantic Networks from the Web

With the increased usage of the Web and its availability of data, various scholarly information is now available on the Web. Extraction, aggregation, and visualization of such information is crucial for using our collective scholarly knowledge and expertise. Semantic network technology is prominent in structuring such knowledge. Our research project is designed to construct a scholarly semantic network from publicly available data that will be useful for researchers, business people in industry, and public servants in governmental organizations who are expected to make decisions appropriately. In this paper, we propose a practical architecture to construct a scholarly semantic network that integrates different scholarly entities such as researchers, papers, and keywords by taking into consideration ontological and web mining perspectives. We also provide an overview of our social network extraction system, which is used as an underpinning to build the architecture. The system, called POLYPHONET, employs several advanced web mining and semantic technologies to extract relations of researchers, to detect groups of researchers, and to obtain keywords for a researcher. The public installation of the system at several academic conferences provides evidence of the system's usability and potential to facilitate the discovery of scholarly knowledge.
Examining End-user Perceptions of Information Risks: An Application for the Repertory Grid Technique

This paper proposes a research method that investigates the risk perceptions of computer endusers relating to organisational Information Security (InfoSec) and the situational factors that influence these perceptions. This method uses the Repertory Grid Technique (RGT) within recorded semi-structured interviews to elicit computer end-user perceptions, thoughts, beliefs and views pertaining to information security risks and threats. The suitability and appropriateness of using the RGT for this task is also discussed.
. 00 32 0 v 1 [ qu an tph ] 1 M ay 2 01 9 Observation of multi-component atomic Schrödinger cat states of up to 20 qubits

Chao Song, Kai Xu, Hekang Li, Yuran Zhang, Xu Zhang, Wuxin Liu, Qiujiang Guo, Zhen Wang, Wenhui Ren, Jie Hao, Hui Feng, Heng Fan, Dongning Zheng, Dawei Wang, H. Wang, and Shiyao Zhu 1 Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, 2 Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, 3 Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, 4 CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, 5 Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100094, China, 6 Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China (Dated: May 2, 2019)
DETC 2001 / DAC-21087 DESIGN OF PASSIVE RECONFIGURABLE MANIPULATION ASSISTIVE AIDS

Multi-jointed mechanical systems typically possess excess degrees-of-freedom, which often are neither required nor used in performing typical manipulation tasks. These excessive degrees of freedom then need to be reduced by application of constraints, either actively by suitable control or passively in hardware, prior to task performance. Our interest is in creating articulated manipulation assistive aids, which combine the motion flexibility due to the multiple articulations with the simplicity of reduced degree-offreedom control and actuation due to the presence of hardware mechanical constraints. Specifically we investigate the process of design and prototyping of such reduced-degree-of-freedom manipulators to closely approximate desired planar paths. We then examine design enhancements to permit easy reconfiguration for different sets of paths. Finally, special attention is paid to the creation of a prototype with the ability to be reconfigured for multiple sets of paths, by a controlled variation of the principal structural parameters.
Protein-2 Inhibits TLR 4-Mediated Lung Alternatively Spliced Myeloid Differentiation

We previously identified a novel alternatively spliced isoform of human myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2s) that competitively inhibits binding of MD-2 to TLR4 in vitro. In this study, we investigated the protective role of MD-2s in LPS-induced acute lung injury by delivering intratracheally an adenovirus construct that expressed MD-2s (Ad-MD-2s). After adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, MD-2s was strongly expressed in lung epithelial cells and readily detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Compared to adenovirus serotype 5 containing an empty vector lacking a transgene control mice, Ad-MD-2s delivery resulted in significantly less LPS-induced inflammation in the lungs, including less protein leakage, cell recruitment, and expression of proinflammatory cyto-kines and chemokines, such as IL-6, keratinocyte chemoattractant, and MIP-2. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from Ad-MD-2s mice transferred into lungs of naive mice before intratracheal LPS challenge diminished proinflammatory cytokine levels. As house dust mite (HDM) sensitization is dependent on TLR4 and HDM Der p 2, a structural homolog of MD-2, we also investigated the effect of MD-2s on HDM–induced allergic airway inflammation. Ad-MD-2s given before HDM sensitization significantly inhibited subsequent allergic airway inflammation after HDM challenge, including reductions in eosinophils, goblet cell hyperplasia, and IL-5 levels. Our study indicates that the alternatively spliced short isoform of human MD-2 could be a potential therapeutic candidate to treat human diseases induced or exacerbated by TLR4 signaling, such as Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin-induced lung injury and HDM-triggered allergic lung inflammation. A n essential component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, LPS induces a powerful inflammatory response that can lead to septic shock and death (1). LPS signals through TLR4 by binding to its coreceptor myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2; LY96) and other accessory molecules , including LPS-binding protein and CD14. Among these molecules, LPS-binding protein and CD14 are important for enhancing LPS binding to MD-2 but are not essential for triggering TLR4 signaling (2, 3). MD-2 is an essential component of the signaling receptor complex that recognizes and initiates the innate immune response to bacterial LPS (4). MD-2 is both a membrane bound and a secreted glycoprotein that binds both LPS and the ectodomain of TLR4, forming the TLR4/MD-2/LPS complex (5, 6). Loss-of-function approaches (knockdown and mutation) demonstrated that MD-2 is indispensable for LPS-induced immune cell activation (7–9) in both mouse and human models (10, 11). Upon LPS binding , a receptor multimer composed of two copies of the TLR4/MD-2/LPS complex is formed (10, 12), which triggers a downstream signaling cascade, …
Local and Global Tone Mapping Operators in HDR Image Processing with Amalgam Technique

High Dynamic range HDR images are achieved even in mobile phone, due to the recent advances in the field of HDR. Tone mapping operator converts the HDR image into LDR images which can be visualized clearly There are various operators available in the HDR tool box In. this paper we have demonstrated the all the tone mapping operators dividing them as local and global as given in the early literature studies. The various results of the operators are shown in the paper with the subjective analysis. A new hybrid method is proposed with local and global operator and the evaluation is done. By examining all the combination of the operators the global combination with the same global method gives a promising result. Compared with the individual local and global tone mapping operators the combinational hybrid operator gives a better performance.
Patterns of cognitive decline in presymptomatic Alzheimer disease: a prospective community study.

BACKGROUND Specific patterns of decline over time were evaluated across a spectrum of cognitive measures in presymptomatic Alzheimer disease (AD) within a community sample. METHODS A total of 551 individuals completed a battery of standard cognitive tests 3.5 and 1.5 years before outcome (clinical onset of AD vs continued nondemented status) within a prospective community-based study of AD. Test score changes in 68 cases (who subsequently developed symptomatic AD) and 483 controls (who remained nondemented) on each of 15 cognitive measures were transformed into z scores adjusted for age, sex, and education. A case-control rate ratio of the proportions of individuals who showed "cognitive decline" on each test was calculated, representing the relative magnitude of cognitive decline on each test in presymptomatic AD compared with normal aging. RESULTS Declines in Trail-Making Tests A and B and Word List delayed recognition of originals and third immediate learning trial had the highest rate ratios, larger than 3.0 (P<.01). These were followed by Word List delayed recognition of foils and delayed recall, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Praxis, Clock Drawing, the Boston Naming Test, and Orientation, with rate ratios between 1.7 and 3.0 (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Memory and executive dysfunction showed the greatest decline over time in individuals who would clinically manifest AD 1.5 years later. These findings might help us understand the underlying evolution of the early neurodegenerative process. They highlight the importance of executive dysfunction early in the disease process and might facilitate early detection of AD.
Biofilm formation on silicone tympanostomy tubes with polyvinylpyrrolidone coating.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether biofilm formation on silicone tympanostomy tubes (TTs) is prevented by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) coating. DESIGN In vitro microbiologic study. SUBJECTS Silicone TTs with and without a PVP coating. INTERVENTION The TTs were exposed to blood or phosphate-buffered saline and cultured with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus. After 4 days, antibiotics were added to kill planktonic bacteria. Biofilm formation was assessed by quantitative bacterial counts and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS Human blood enhanced S aureus biofilm formation on TTs with and without PVP (P < .001). Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation was similar on TTs with and without PVP coating. Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation was less on TTs with PVP coating after exposure to phosphate-buffered saline (P = .04), but this difference was not significant after blood exposure (P = .19). CONCLUSIONS Polyvinylpyrrolidone coating of TTs imparts resistance to P aeruginosa biofilm formation. The clinical impact of PVP on TTs may be attenuated by exposure to blood, but this will require study in clinical trials.
Face Recognition through Combined SVD and LBP Features

number of global and local methods are available for the representation of face images, still no single approach is found to be suitable in most of the situations. As the information conveyed by these two feature sets, is different hence the techniques that combine the global and local features together are necessary to obtain the optimal results. In this paper, we have developed an approach to combine two feature sets obtained from SVD and LBP approaches. SVD approach is able to efficiently represent the global variations of face images whereas the LBP is one of the most useful descriptors to extract the local variation of face images. In order to analyse the effectiveness of the proposed approach obtained by the fusion of SVD and LBP approaches, various experiments have been carried out on ORL and Yale face databases. The proposed approach has also been compared to some existing techniques and from the detailed experiments it has been observed that the results obtained by the proposed method are far better than these approaches.
Integrating Pathway Data for Systems Pathology

The HumanPSD database on the complete proteomes of human, mouse and rat has been integrated with the databases TRANSFAC on gene regulation and TRANSPATH on signal transduction to provide a comprehensive systems biological platform for these organisms. As a next step, integration with PathoDB and PathoSign on pathologically relevant mutations is planned together with an extension beyond the limits of the individual cell, towards intercellular networks, by integrating the database EndoNet on hormonal networks as well. The overall aim is to come up with a platform that is suitable to provide knowledge for systems pathology, i. e. a system-wide modeling of pathological states and their development.
Hotspots and a clumpy disc: variability of brown dwarfs and stars in the young σ Ori cluster

The properties of accretion discs around stars and brown dwarfs in the σ Ori cluster (age 3 Myr) are studied based on near-infrared (IR) time series photometry supported by mid-IR spectral energy distributions (SEDs). We monitor ∼30 young low-mass sources over eight nights in the J and K band using the duPont telescope at Las Campanas. We find three objects showing variability with J-band amplitudes ≥0.5 mag; five additional objects exhibit low-level variations. All three highly variable sources have been previously identified as highly variable; thus, we establish the long-term nature of their flux changes. The light curves contain periodic components with time-scales of ∼0.5–8 d, but have additional irregular variations superimposed – the characteristic behaviour for classical T Tauri stars. Based on the colour variability, we conclude that hotspots are the dominant cause of variations in two objects (#19 and #33), including one likely brown dwarf, with spot temperatures in the range of 6000–7000 K. For the third one (#2), a brown dwarf or very low-mass star, inhomogeneities at the inner edge of the disc are the likely origin of variability. Based on mid-IR data from Spitzer, we confirm that the three highly variable sources are surrounded by circum-(sub)-stellar discs. They show typical SEDs for T Tauri-like objects. Using SED models, we infer an enhanced scaleheight in the disc for the object #2, which favours the detection of disc inhomogeneities in light curves and is thus consistent with the information from variability. In the σ Ori cluster, about every fifth accreting low-mass object shows persistent high-level photometric variability. We demonstrate that estimates for fundamental parameters in such objects can be significantly improved by determining the extent and origin of the variations.
VLSI architecture designs for effective H.264/AVC variable block-size motion estimation

In this paper, two hardware-oriented fast motion estimation algorithms and their implementations into a 2D systolic array for variable block size motion estimation architecture are presented. Two hardware oriented algorithms are proposed to increase the coding speed and reduce the computation complexity of the fast motion estimation (FME) algorithm. The results show that the proposed FME algorithm can speed up 71% coding time of the original standard with slightly PSNR loss and bit rate increase. Therefore, the hardware architecture designs for the proposed algorithms with considerations of both motion vector cost and the sum of absolute difference (SAD) distortion are implemented. The chip, which is realized in CMOS TSMC 0.13 mum 1P8M technology, can be operated at 200 MHz with gate count 191k including the memory modules.