Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Self-stabilizing spin superfluid.

Spin superfluidity is sought after as a potential route to long-range spin transport in ordered spin systems. Signatures of spin superfluidity have recently been observed in antiferromagnets, however, dipolar interactions have been predicted to destabilize the superfluid state and its realization in ferromagnets remains a challenge. Using micromagnetic simulations, we find that spin superfluidity can in fact be achieved in extended thin ferromagnetic films. We identify two unconventional superfluid states beyond the Landau instability. We uncover a surprising two-fluid state, in which spin superfluidity co-exists with and is stabilized by spin waves, as well as a soliton-screened superfluid at high biases. The results of this study advance our understanding of spin superfluidity and provide guidance for its experimental realization.
Normative Decision Rules in 1 Changing Environments 2

8 Models based on normative principles have played a major role in our understanding of how the 9 brain forms decisions. However, these models have typically been derived for simple, stable 10 conditions, and their relevance to decisions formed under more naturalistic, dynamic conditions 11 is unclear. We previously derived a normative decision model in which evidence accumulation is 12 adapted to ﬂuctuations in the evidence-generating process that occur during a single 13 decision ( Glaze et al., 2015 ), but the evolution of commitment rules (e.g., thresholds on the 14 accumulated evidence) under dynamic conditions is not fully understood. Here we derive a 15 normative model for decisions based on changing contexts, which we deﬁne as changes in 16 evidence quality or reward, over the course of a single decision. In these cases, performance 17 (reward rate) is maximized using decision thresholds that respond to and even anticipate these 18 changes, in contrast to the static thresholds used in many decision models. We show that these 19 adaptive thresholds exhibit several distinct temporal motifs that depend on the speciﬁc predicted 20 and experienced context changes and that adaptive models perform robustly even when 21 implemented imperfectly (noisily). We further show that decision models with adaptive 22 thresholds outperform those with constant or urgency-gated thresholds in accounting for human 23 response times on a task with time-varying evidence quality and average reward. These results further link normative and neural decision-making while expanding our view of both as dynamic, adaptive processes that update and use expectations to govern both deliberation and commitment.
Binary Time Series

Abstract : This research dealt with higher order crossings, quantities which were defined and proved to be useful in discrimination in time series. In particular the Higher Order Crossings Theorem has been proved and a new goodness of fit and discrimination statistic has been suggested and applied in testing model adequacy in ARIMA processes, and in discrimination in EEG data. A connection with an application to particles arrangements in physics has been found and a quantity called an m'th order unit has been defined. This has been applied in finding the distribution of rare events in Binary Series.
Large scale high-frequency wavefield reconstruction with recursively weighted matrix factorizations

Acquiring seismic data on a regular periodic fine grid is challenging. By exploiting the low-rank approximation property of fully sampled seismic data in some transform domain, low-rank matrix completion offers a scalable way to reconstruct seismic data on a regular periodic fine grid from coarsely randomly sampled data acquired in the field. While wavefield reconstruction have been applied successfully at the lower end of the spectrum, its performance deteriorates at the higher frequencies where the low-rank assumption no longer holds rendering this type of wavefield reconstruction ineffective in situations where high resolution images are desired. We overcome this shortcoming by exploiting similarities between adjacent frequency slices explicitly. During low-rank matrix factorization, these similarities translate to alignment of subspaces of the factors, a notion we propose to employ as we reconstruct monochromatic frequency slices recursively starting at the low frequencies. While this idea is relatively simple in its core, to turn this recent insight into a successful scalable wavefield reconstruction scheme for 3D seismic requires a number of important steps. First, we need to move the weighting matrices, which encapsulate the prior information from adjacent frequency slices, from the objective to the data misfit constraint. This move considerably improves the performance of the weighted low-rank matrix factorization on which our wavefield reconstructions is based. Secondly, we introduce approximations that allow us to decouple computations on a row-by-row and column-by-column basis, which in turn allow to parallelize the alternating optimization on which our low-rank factorization relies. The combination of weighting and decoupling leads to a computationally feasible full-azimuth wavefield reconstruction scheme that scales to industry-scale problem sizes. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed parallel algorithm on a 2D field data and on a 3D synthetic dataset. In both cases our approach produces high-fidelity broadband wavefield reconstructions from severely subsampled data.
Characterizing the molecular impact of KMT2D variants on the epigenetic and transcriptional landscapes in Kabuki Syndrome

Kabuki Syndrome (KS) is a rare, multisystem disorder with a variable clinical phenotype. The majority of KS is caused by dominant loss-of-function mutations in KMT2D (lysine methyltransferase 2D). KMT2D mediates chromatin accessibility by adding methyl groups to lysine residue 4 of histone 3, which plays a critical role in cell differentiation and homeostasis. The molecular underpinnings of KS remain elusive partly due to a lack of histone modification data from human samples. Consequently, we profiled and characterized alterations in histone modification and gene transcription in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 33 patients with KMT2D mutations and 36 unaffected healthy controls. Our analysis identified unique enhancer signatures in H3K4me1 and H3K4me2 in KS compared to controls. Reduced enhancer signals were present for promoter-distal sites of immune-related genes for which co-binding of PBMC-specific transcription factors was predicted; thirty-one percent of super-enhancers of normal blood cells overlapped with disrupted enhancers in KS, supporting an association of reduced enhancer activity of immune-related genes with immune deficiency phenotypes. In contrast, increased enhancer signals were observed for promoter-proximal regions of metabolic genes enriched with EGR1 and E2F2 motifs, whose transcriptional levels were significantly increased in KS. Additionally, we identified approximately 100 de novo enhancers in genes, such as in MYO1F and AGAP2. Together, our results underscore the effect of KMT2D haploinsufficiency on (dys)regulation of enhancer states and gene transcription and provide a framework for the identification of therapeutic targets and biomarkers in preparation for clinical trial readiness.
Classification of 
3+1D
 Bosonic Topological Orders (II): The Case When Some Pointlike Excitations Are Fermions

We call a topological order of 3+1-dimensional bosonic systems an all-boson (AB) topological order if all emergent point-like excitations are bosons. It was shown that AB topological orders, $\mathcal C^4_{AB}$, are classified by unitary pointed fusion 2-categories with only trivial 1-morphisms. In fact, AB topological orders can all be realized by Dijkgraaf-Witten gauge theories. In this paper, we consider emergent-fermion (EF) topological orders for 3+1D bosonic systems where some emergent point-like excitations are fermions. We show that all the EF topological orders, $\mathcal C^4_{EF}$, are classified by 2+1D anomalous topological orders $\mathcal A_b^3$ on the canonical boundary of the 3+1D topological order. The anomalous topological orders $\mathcal A_b^3$ is described by a unitary pointed 2-fusion category with only one invertible fermionic 1-morphism for each object. $\mathcal A_b^3$ sometimes also has quantum-dimension-$\sqrt 2$ 1-morphisms (which correspond to Majorana-zero-modes). By studying the mathematical structures of $\mathcal A^3_b$, we show that the EF topological orders $\mathcal C^4_{EF}$ are classified by 3+1D fermionic symmetry protected topological (SPT) orders with a finite unitary symmetry group after gauging all the symmetry group. We further propose that the general classification of 3+1D topological orders with symmetries can be obtained by gauging or partially gauging the finite symmetry group of 3+1D SPT phases of bosonic and fermionic systems.
Measures Used with Populations with Food Insecurity: A Call for Increased Psychometric Validation

H OW DO RESEARCHERS KNOW WHAT THEY ARE measuring when they use questionnaires? Confidence in the ability of measures to appropriately capture intended constructs for a particular population is essential to scientific rigor and a challenge for the social sciences. Parnarouskis and colleagues bring up a critical point in their Discussion about the limitations of using a measure for which the validation samples may not have adequately represented specific groups of interest. We appreciate the opportunity to continue this important conversation because it is a topic that is of high importance to the study of food insecurity and eating-related behaviors. It is common for researchers to use psychometrically validated measures in populations that were not systematically included (or were even systematically excluded) in measures’ initial validation studies. This occurs because measures may be validated in samples with lower diversity in important variables like race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, gender, and sexual orientation. Further, even when there is diversity represented within an overall sample, studies may be underpowered to test measure performance differences in sample subgroups. Consequently, measures are often used to assess questions for populations in which they have yet to be validated. It is often not practical for measure developers to conduct an in-depth psychometric validation using all potential populations before releasing a measure. However, it is critical that measurement validation work continues beyond the initial validation to establish that measures function appropriately in populations of interest, which will increase confidence in conclusions drawn from research. For a measure to have adequate psychometric properties, it must be both reliable and valid. Reliability refers to the extent to which measurement scores replicate across different populations, across time, and across different components of the measure itself. Validity is the extent to which a psychometric tool measures what it was designed to measure. When researchers develop a new measure, they often conduct an initial study in participants from the general population to establish internal consistency, testeretest reliability, and construct validity, as well as to identify the factor structure. The measure may then be tested within a specific subpopulation of interest. Below, we describe some challenges with applying measures to novel populations for whom such measures have not been psychometrically validated and—to help equip researchers with the necessary psychometric toolbox—outline some methodological approaches to determine whether measures perform similarly across novel populations.
Signatures of synchrotron radiation from the annihilation of dark matter at the Galactic Centre

We propose a fermionic dark matter model by extending Standard Model with a Dirac fermion and a real pseudoscalar. The fermion dark matter particle interacts with the Standard Model sector via the Higgs portal through a dimension five interaction term as also through a pseudoscalar interaction term. The parameter space of the model is then constrained by using the vacuum stability and perturbativity condition as also with the LHC constraints. They are finally constrained by the PLANCK results for dark matter relic densities. The direct detection limits are then ensured to have satisfied by the model. We then explore within the framework of the model, the possible signatures of synchrotron radiation from the annihilations of dark matter in the Galactic Centre region when the end product is e+e−. We consider the observational data from the radio telescopes namely SKA, GMRT and Jodrell Bank telescopes and compare our calculated synchrotron flux density with them and also with the results predicted by these experiments. We predict that if the low frequency radio telescopes like GMRT, SKA operate at the peak frequencies obtained from our calculations should get a better r.m. s sensitivity.
Entry Mode Choice and Performance of Foreign Direct Investment Firms in Emerging Economies: Micro-evidence from Viet Nam

 Corresponding author. Bui Khac Linh, address: Institute of World Economics and Politics, Viet Nam Academy of Social Sciences. 176 Thai Ha Str. , Dong Da Dist. , Hanoi, Viet Nam. E-mail: linhbk.iwep@vass.gov. vn. § This research was conducted as a part of a project: “Global Market Entry, Survival, and Exit of Firms: Understanding the Process and the Effects” of the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA). The authors gratefully acknowledge constructive discussions by Arlan Brucal, Shujiro Urata, Ju Hyun Pyun, Nobu Yamashita, Chandra Putra at ERIA’s workshops. The opinions expressed in this paper are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not reflect the views of ERIA. Abstract: Does the right entry mode choice help foreign direct investment (FDI) firms to perform efficiently in emerging economies? This study attempts to answer this question by examining the impact of the entry mode choice made by FDI firms on their post-entry performance in emerging markets. Using a dataset derived from specific firms for the period 2002–2016, this study accounts for the selection biases and inherent differences of FDI firms that affect their selection of entry strategies. The study found that, with regard to the manufacturing sector, the ownership type with a wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) had negative impacts on either the technical efficiency or the total factor productivity (TFP) of firms. Conversely, regarding all sectors in the economy, the WOS is likely to have a positive role on technical efficiency and TFP. It is also interesting to see that for firms with an equity joint venture (EJV) type, the higher proportion of capital contribution from domestic firms might lead to lower technical efficiency and TFP. It implies that the higher degree of management and control by the domestic firms compared with foreign firms would have negative impacts on the EJV firms’ performance.
Charge filling induced quasi-two dimensional charge/spin density wave channel in a ballistic transport device

Charge filling controlled mean field metal–insulator phase transition is examined in the context of two dimensional Fermi surface nesting and van Hove singularity induced charge density wave (CDW), spin density wave (SDW) condensates. In the framework of a coherent ballistic transport model utilizing the Non-Equilibrium Green Function approach (NEGF), a three terminal device with metallic gate, source, drain and CDW/SDW channel is simulated and studied. Within the validity of mean field approximation, we exposit the commensurability and boundary effects. The efficacy of the Hubbard model for (quasi) two dimensional Charge and Spin Density Wave materials is discussed. A two orbital generalization of the effective Hamiltonian is proposed for transport calculations in rare earth Tellurides RTe 3.
Cross case analysis on internal early preparation of stakeholder engagement for infrastructure projects

Characterised as uncertain, complex, politically-sensitive, and extensive in nature define a mega infrastructure project which counting multiple stakeholders with various interest. Common problems during construction on stakeholder conflict were due to project stakeholders have different interests. Such problems are reworks, disagreements, cost overruns, lack of communication. As the project getting complex and massive, the importance of stakeholder engagement element in project management process is undeniable. The stakeholders in infrastructure project must be efficiently engaged and need earlier involvement during the pre-construction phase either direct or indirectly. This paper aims to recommend improvement to the initial process in stakeholder engagement in infrastructure which involved the internal preparation of engaging the stakeholder before later stage of consultation take place. Two case studies across New Zealand and Malaysia applies through a comparative qualitative analysis and observations. This research obtained information from project documentation and interviews. Such documents are engagement reports, public engagement report and project documentation. The result from the comparative analysis shows the attributes obtained from two case studies during the initial early preparation process of large/mega infrastructure projects. Lesson learnt derived from these two case studies will adding on the improvement to the stakeholder engagement process for an infrastructure project. The findings provide insight into how the factors of engaging stakeholders and public early and closely, improve transparency of information, and understanding of the design concept would help in improving international early preparation of stakeholder in both projects. The paper provides a point of reference for project owner and project team to assist them in emerging best practices of stakeholder engagement in major infrastructure construction projects.
Numerical analysis of shear resistance on composite beams.

The part of the preparation of experimental verification of shear connectors is also numerical analysis of the examined problem. The main subject of this research is the FEM analysis of a chosen experiment, the push-out test. For FEM analysis, we have opted for Abaqus/CAE software. This piece of work will focus on the modeling of the push-out test via the software stated above.
Early-age strains and stresses in bi-axially restrained expansive concrete elements

Practical application of expansive concretes in reinforced concrete structures needs the rational design model for assessment the early-age stress-strain parameters of self-stressing concrete elements under any restraint conditions during the expansion stage. Various strategies are used to calculate the restrained expansion strains and self-stresses but, in most cases, disregarding the elastic-plastic behaviour of expansive concrete at early ages. It’s noticeable that in case of bi-axial restraint conditions both the elastic-plastic parameters of expansive concrete and the influence of restraint in orthogonal directions should be taken into consideration. To achieve a reliable solution a design model for estimation the restrained expansion strains and self-stresses in self-stressed structural elements under bi-axial restraint conditions (2D MSDM) at expansion stage has been developed. The proposed design model is based on the MSDM for the case of uniaxial restraint arrangement. The validation of 2D MSDM was confirmed by the experimental results of expansive concrete elements under 2D confinement carried out by authors as well as obtained by other researchers.
Non-local gravity and comparison with observational datasets

We study the cosmological predictions of two recently proposed non-local modifications of General Relativity. Both models have the same number of parameters as ΛCDM, with a mass parameter m replacing the cosmological constant. We implement the cosmological perturbations of the non-local models into a modification of the CLASS Boltzmann code, and we make a full comparison to CMB, BAO and supernova data. We find that the non-local models fit these datasets very well, at the same level as ΛCDM. Among the vast literature on modified gravity models, this is, to our knowledge, the only example which fits data as well as ΛCDM without requiring any additional parameter. For both non-local models parameter estimation using Planck +JLA+BAO data gives a value of H0 slightly higher than in ΛCDM.
Polypharmacy and medical intensive care unit (MICU) admission and 10-year all-cause mortality risk among hospitalized patients with and without HIV

Objective Medical intensive care unit (MICU) admissions have been declining in people with HIV infection (PWH), but frequency of outpatient polypharmacy (prescription of ≥5 chronic medications) has increased. Among those hospitalized, we examined whether outpatient polypharmacy is associated with subsequent 1-year MICU admission or 10-year all-cause mortality, and if the association varies by HIV status. Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods Using a national electronic health record cohort of Veterans in care, we ascertained outpatient polypharmacy during fiscal year (FY) 2009 and followed patients for 1-year MICU admission and 10-year mortality. We assessed associations of any polypharmacy (yes/no and categorized ≤4, 5–7, 8–9, and ≥10 medications) with 1-year MICU admission and 10-year mortality using logistic and Cox regressions, respectively, adjusted for demographics, HIV status, substance use, and severity of illness. Results Among 9898 patients (1811 PWH) hospitalized in FY2010, prior outpatient polypharmacy was common (51%). Within 1 year, 1532 (15%) had a MICU admission and within 10 years, 4585 (46%) died. Polypharmacy was associated with increased odds of 1-year MICU admission, in both unadjusted (odds ratio (OR) 1.36 95% CI: (1.22, 1.52)) and adjusted models, aOR (95% CI) = 1.28 (1.14, 1.43) and with 10-year mortality in unadjusted, hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) = 1.40 (1.32, 1.48), and adjusted models, HR (95% CI) = 1.26 (1.19, 1.34). Increasing levels of polypharmacy demonstrated a dose-response with both outcomes and by HIV status, with a stronger association among PWH. Conclusions Among hospitalized patients, prior outpatient polypharmacy was associated with 1-year MICU admission and 10-year all-cause mortality after adjusting for severity of illness in PWH and PWoH.
Mechanisms and origins of half-metallic ferromagnetism in CrO2

Chromium dioxide (CrO2) offers a rare example of metallic ferromagnetism among stoichiometric transition-metal oxides. What makes it even more remarkable is the half-metallic electronic structure. Today, CrO2 is widely used in magnetorecording and regarded as a promising spintronic material. Nevertheless, the key question "Why is it ferromagnetic? " remains largely unanswered, despite general interest to the problem and practical importance of CrO2. In the present work we challenge this question by combining first-principles electronic structure calculations with the model Hamiltonian approach and modern many-body methods for treating electron correlations. Our analysis demonstrates that the problem is indeed highly nontrivial: at the first glance, the ferromagnetism in CrO2 can be easily explained by Hund's rule related exchange processes in the narrow t2g band. However, the electron correlations, rigorously treated in the frameworks of dynamical mean-field theory, tend to destabilize this state. The ferromagnetism reemerges if, besides conventional kinetic energy changes in the t2g band, to consider other mechanism, involving direct exchange and magnetic polarization of the oxygen band. We show how all these contributions can be evaluated using first-principles electronic structure calculations. Our results explain the overall stability of the ferromagnetic state and provide the firm microscopic basis for understanding the magnetism of CrO2.