Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation of conjugate heat transfer in a heat exchanger equipped with cross-combined ellipsoidal dimple tubes

At present, most numerical methods consider the tube walls as the same constant temperature in the simulations of the heat exchanger, and only the external fluid outside the tubes is considered. To investigate the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger in the real running state, a conjugate heat transfer simulation is performed for a heat exchanger equipped with cross-combined ellipsoidal dimple tubes in this paper. The k-? standard turbulence model is selected to simulate the heating process of tube bank. The distributions of the temperature field and flow field are analyzed carefully. The results indicate that the temperature distribution and the heat flux on the tube wall are uneven, which is different from the case regarding the wall boundaries as a constant temperature. The heat transfer performance of the dimpled tube is higher than that of the smooth tube in the heat exchanger, and the heat transfer performance for aligned arrangement is better than that for staggered arrangement. In addition, the influences of geometric and flowing parameters on heat transfer are discussed.
Metode Real-Time Berbasis Android Dalam Membangun Sistem Monitoring Kualitas Udara Untuk Proses Sanitasi Rumah Sakit

Rumah Sakit merupakan salah satu fasilitas kesehatan perorangan yang dapat difungsikan sebagai penyelengggara pelayanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Maka dari itu kualitas udara ruang kegiatan yang terdapat di Rumah Sakit merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam menjaga kesehatan sanitasi Rumah Sakit. Standar baku mutu parameter fisik untuk menjamin kualitas udara ruangan tidak hanya berdasarkan parameter suhu, kelembaban, pencahayaan, namun juga memperhatikan kandungan gas pencemar udara yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kesehatan manusia seperti Carbon Monoksida (CO) / Carbon Dioksida (CO2). Sistem akan memberikan hasil pengawasan pembacaan data secara real-time serta dapat diakses kapanpun dan di mana saja. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk membangun sistem monitoring kondisi kualiatas udara dengan metode real-time berbasis Android dalam mendukung proses sanitasi lingkungan Rumah Sakit. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa sistem monitoring kualitas udara telah berfungsi dengan baik ditandai dengan sistem dapat menampilkan data suhu, kelembaban, intensitas cahaya serta kadar CO2 pada Thinger IO secara real-time. Pengujian dilakukan sebanyak 7x percobaan, pada pengujian suhu atau temperatur udara diperoleh nilai rata-rata error sebesar 0.32 %. Selanjutnya pada pengujian kelembaban udara diperoleh nilai rata-rata error sebesar 1.3 %. Selanjutnya pengujian kadar CO diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 0.985 ppm, sedangkan data intensitas cahaya diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 199.75 lux.
Solar Space Weather as a Factor in the Origin of the Biosphere

The first steps in the evolution of life on Earth may be safely assumed to have taken place before the first appearance of the earliest available microfossils. For the formation of the atmosphere and the biosphere, where the emergence of life took place, the Solar Space Weather (SSW) played a significant role in determining the specific environmental conditions on the early Earth (Tehrany et al., 2002). Therefore SSW is relevant even before the earliest stages of chemical evolution in the ’primordial soup’. Based on recent solar models and the derived time evolution of particle and photon fluxes (Guinan et al., 2003, Sackmann and Boothroyd, 2003), in this work we analyze the relevant effects at different stages of life evolution on the Earth.
Spontaneous Imbibition and Evaporation in Rocks at the Nanometer Scale

Understanding multiphase fluid displacement dynamics in porous media is of great importance in efficiently designing hydrogen storage projects in porous reservoirs. During gas injection and extraction, cyclic evaporation and spontaneous imbibition processes have an impact on storage efficiency. In both imbibition and evaporation, capillary films on the surface of grains play a role in the transport of water through the pore space. In this study, we use atomic force microscopy to study the formation of these films in carbonate rock during imbibition and their dynamic behavior during evaporation. The imbibition dynamics are related to pore-scale processes determined by micro-CT experiments. We find that imbibition through the mesoporous structure of the grains is slower compared to imbibition in macropores. The formation of the water film on the outer grains is also slower, indicating that a film is evolving due to water flow through intragranular mesopores rather than film flow around the grains. Evaporation experiments reveal that the film shows both local swelling and shrinkage behavior, which we relate to pore-scale processes causing disconnection of the water film. Our results show the close relationship between pore-scale processes and water film dynamics during both spontaneous imbibition and evaporation. This work forms a basis for a more quantitative study of the impact of pore structure on wetting and drying dynamics and can be extended to reactive flow processes.
Bounded PCA based Multi Sensor Image Fusion Employing Curvelet Transform Coefficients

The fusion of thermal and visible images acts as an important device for target detection. The quality of the spectral content of the fused image improves with wavelet-based image fusion. However, compared to PCA-based fusion, most wavelet-based methods provide results with a lower spatial resolution. The outcome gets better when the two approaches are combined, but they may still be refined. Compared to wavelets, the curvelet transforms more accurately depict the edges in the image. Enhancing the edges is a smart way to improve spatial resolution and the edges are crucial for interpreting the images. The fusion technique that utilizes curvelets enables the provision of additional data in both spectral and spatial areas concurrently. In this paper, we employ an amalgamation of Curvelet Transform and a Bounded PCA (CTBPCA) method to fuse thermal and visible images. To evidence the enhanced efficiency of our proposed technique, multiple evaluation metrics and comparisons with existing image merging methods are employed. Our approach outperforms others in both qualitative and quantitative analysis, except for runtime performance. Future Enhancement-The study will be based on using the fused image for target recognition. Future work should also focus on this method’s continued improvement and optimization for real-time video processing.
Hybrid Excitable Spiking Neural Network for Cardiovascular Disease Prediction

The functional interactions between the brain and heart through analysis of electrical activity (EEG and ECG) provide effective bio-markers for cognition, emotions, and morbidity. Conventional computational models designed for the brain and heart can be modified to understand the bidirectional interactions as the brain-heart interface for further clarification and treatment of morbidity. In this work, hybrid excitable cell model of neuron and cardiac myocyte is proposed and simulated with adrenergic features. The accuracy of proposed model observed 86% in terms of coincidence factor and 83% in terms of firing rate coefficient when compared with state-of-the-art computational models. The proposed model extended to the network of cardiac myocytes and electrical activity is recorded. The major findings of the study include i. Cardiac action potential heterogeneity is a significant factor in heart rate variability. ii. Spiking neural networks can accurately predict heart rate variability in real time from electrophysiological data of the cardiac network. iii. The electrical activity of the heart can be monitored and controlled by processing electrophysiological data of cardiac myocytes with spiking neural networks coupled with ion channels as voltage regulators to reduce the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality. This work provides the initial phase of the brain-heart interface as a tool for the diagnosis of cardiac morbidity in real-time. The recent advancements in nano and bioelectronics will make it possible to deploy a brain-heart interface as a nano-chip to monitor and control the electrophysiological abnormality of the brain and heart by integrating nano-regulators with ion channels for stimulation.
The support of multidimensional approaches in integrate monitoring for SEA: a case of study

Abstract. During the centuries, the seaside has represented a crucial pole for future human development and civilization. The use of the sea for transport and trade and the overwhelming availability of food derived from coastal waters have encouraged and strengthened the growth of urban settlements. In the same time, the human pressure menaces to destroy coastal habitats and consequently their carrying capacity that allows for many essential functions. Low-impact activities are often replaced, on the surface, by new intensive ones that are attractive in the short term, but that in the long term undermine by reducing the resilience of the coast. It is clear that, in a perspective of sustainable development, economically efficient and socially equitable use of coastal areas need to be supported inside strategies to correct these weaknesses. The definition of such strategies and their implementation in the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is an essential tool for supporting decisions and of monitoring. The issues of monitoring, more in particular, have been the subject of study and modelling by the use of Dynamic Spatial Data Analysis (DSDA), in the case of the SEA of the Coastal Plan of the Italian Apulia Region, as an information instrument for regulating the anthropogenic changes; a possibility to implement the analysis of environmental sensitivity and propensity to Coastal erosion has been explored, in order to control the level of human pressure on land. The monitoring system should provide an automatic "alert" when the dimension and the velocity of the change of land use overpass some threshold of environmental pressure.
Linear Instability of a Zonal Jet on an f Plane

Abstract The linear instability of a zonal geostrophic jet with a cosh−2 meridional profile on an f plane is investigated in a reduced-gravity, shallow-water model. The stability theory developed here extends classic quasigeostrophic theory to cases where the change of active-layer depth across the jet is not necessarily small. A shooting method is used to integrate the equations describing the cross-stream structure of the alongstream wave perturbations. The phase speeds of these waves are determined by the boundary conditions of regularity at infinity. Regions exist in parameter space where the waves that propagate along the jet will grow exponentially with time. The wavelength of the most unstable waves is 2πR, where R is the internal deformation radius on the deep side, and their e-folding time is about 25 days. The upper-layer thickness of the basic state in the system has a spatial structure resembling that of the isopycnals across the Gulf Stream. The unstable waves obtained in the present analysis.
Quantitative Appraisal of Biomass Energy of Main Crop Straw Resources and Its Geographical Distribution in Henan Province

By using the statistical data of 2006-2010 year from Henan Province,This paper has a quantitative measure of the reserves,available amount,energy density of the main crop straw biomass resources in Henan Province,studies its geographic distribution pattern and aims at providing a reference for Henan Province' relevant industrial policies.The results show that:(1) the straw physical reserves is 8.97x1011t,straw biomass energy physical reserves potentiality is 1.34x1018 J,theoretically available amount is 1.14 x1018 J.Crop straw distributed mainly in Zhumadian,Zhoukou,Nanyang,Shangqiu and Xinyang district. (2) Based on the particular condition of the straw resources and its distribution,Henan Province is divided into the key development and utilization district(Zhumadian,Zhoukou,Nanyang,Shangqiu and Xinyang),moderate development and utilization district(Xinxiang,Anyang,Kaifeng,Xuchang,Luoyang,Puyang,Pingdingshan,Jiaozuo,Zhengzhou,Luohe),the inappropriate district(Hebi,Sanmenxia,Jiyuan),and the different measures in development and utilization of these resources to every district are put forward.
Seismic geomorphology and high-resolution seismic stratigraphy of inner-shelf fluvial, estuarine, deltaic, and marine sequences, Gulf of Thailand

Pleistocene fluvial, estuarine, marine, and deltaic depositional systems were identified in the uppermost 80 m (262 ft) of the central Gulf of Thailand modern continental shelf, situated approximately 70 m (230 ft) below sea level. Integration of offshore three-dimensional (3-D) seismic reflection data, high-resolution shallow-penetration two-dimensional (2-D) seismic reflection sparker and boomer profiles, and shallow geotechnical borehole measurements enabled the identification of seven depositional sequences. The 3-D plan-view images at successive time slices exhibit single meandering channels (as much as 600 m [1969 ft] wide) and channel belts (as much as 10 km [6.2 mi] wide) deposited in the shelf during times of subaerial exposure. Additional geomorphic features imaged include incised valleys, interfluves, oxbow lakes, neck and chute cutoffs, and point-bar meander scrolls showing evidence of expansion and translation. The high-resolution 2-D profiles, with a tuning thickness of approximately 25 cm (9.8 in.), enabled the discrimination of high-frequency stratigraphic discontinuities (sequence boundaries) and allowed a detailed bed-scale seismic facies characterization of fluvial (point bars), deltaic (clinoforms), estuarine, and marine deposits within a sequence-stratigraphic context. The complete succession shows that most fluvial systems lie within incised valleys in the lower parts of each depositional sequence, fluvial channels show a degradational stacking pattern, and no evidence of fluvial aggradation is observed; aggradation is limited to hemipelagic sedimentation during marine incursions. A shallow (35 m [115 ft]) single-story incised valley was described in detail, placing particular emphasis on the recognition criteria and the controls on valley formation and preservation potential of different systems tracts in an inner-shelf location. The 3-D characterization of this system allowed differentiation of sand-prone point-bar deposits and mud-prone abandonment channel facies. The sinuous but continuous mud-filled channel may act as a lateral muddy barrier or baffle that can potentially subdivide a reservoir system into discrete compartments.
SEISMIC WAVE PROPAGATION IN A MULTI-LAYERED GEOLOGICAL REGION, PART II: TRANSIENT CASE

The Two-dimensional problem of the transient wave propagation in elastic multi-layered half-space is studied by the Direct Boundary Integral Equation Method (DBIEM) combined with the finite difference procedure applied to the time variable. By means of the Wilson-q method the equations of motion are transformed into a set of elliptic partial differential equations, and then, the DBIE-procedure is applied. The present hybrid formulation employs the fundamental solution depending neither on the frequency nor on the time variable. This is the main advantage of the proposed method. The theoretical seismograms in the time domain are obtained on the free surfaces of two real geological situations for a multi-layered soil region with existence of salt ore deposits.
The EMEP data assimilation system: Further development and integrity test results

Satellite products of chemical species have a big potential to improve the accu- racy of chemical transport models via data assimilation (DA). This report de- scribes the basic building blocks and the 3D variational DA (3D-VAR) system developed around the EMEP/MSC-W model. Preliminary results illustrate the semi-operational usage of some of the forecast components, the system perfor- mance with respect to satellite observations, and the overall current state of the system development. When finished, the 3D-VAR system will allow operational assimilation of ground and air borne observations of chemical gaseous species and particulate matter (PM), as well as satellite observations of tropospheric column of chemical gaseous species and aerosol optical depth (AOD). The current design of the 3D-VAR system allows the extension to assimilate sun photometer and lidar observations, depending on data availability. This Note also documents the recent developments and improvements in the EMEP/MSC-W model with respect to AOD calculations.
Response of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to Trickle Irrigation under Different Irrigation Intervals, N Application Rate and Crop Geometry

Field experiments were conducted on the sandy loam soils of Center for Protected Cultivation Technology (CPCT), Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India during October - February seasons for 2 years (2008-2010) to evaluate the economic feasibility of trickle irrigation in combination with different irrigation intervals, N application rate and crop geometry for lettuce crop. Reference evapo-transpiration for lettuce crop was estimated using FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method. The net irrigation volume (V) was determined after deducting the effective rainfall. The plan of experiment included three crop geometries [45×30 (G1); 30×30 (G2) and 17.5×30 (G3) (Row × Plant spacing in cm)], two irrigation schedules [2 day (I1) and 4 day (I2) interval] and 2 levels of nitrogen application [60 kg ha-1 (N1) and 100 kg ha-1 (N2)]. For both the experiments, three replications were given. The study indicated that 2 day irrigation interval with 100 kg N ha-1 application in 17.5 × 30cm crop geometry gave the highest yield (41.4 t ha-1) with 6 per cent increase in yield as compared to rest of the treatments. The same treatment has resulted into maximum net seasonal income, benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and lowest payback period for both the years, respectively.
Construction and application of milk-feed price ratio model - based on data from large scale dairy farms in China

Despite rapid development, the Chinese dairy industry still faces problems such as the lack of pricing power for dairy farmers, high fluctuations in raw milk and feed prices, imbalances between supply and demand, and low farming motivation. As an indicator with important geographical characteristics, the milk-feed price ratio (MF) is a critical reference indicator for setting raw milk prices and measuring farm profitability. The main aim of this study is to construct an appropriate milk-feed ratio model for China using statistical data for 2018-2020, which provides references for other developing countries. A vector error correction model was used to illustrate the long-term covariance between raw milk prices and feed prices in China and to analyze the feed structure of large-scale Chinese farms. The study found that the price weights of corn, soybean meal, corn silage, and alfalfa were 27%, 17%, 30%, and 26%, respectively, which are significantly different from those of developed countries, and the parameters of the model for the MF in different production areas in China also varied significantly. The milk-feed ratio in China has remained above 1.89 in the last three years. Seasonal variations in raw milk prices lead to a U-shaped trend in the MF. In recent years the MF in China has changed from a low level to a medium level, showing an upward trend, with large-scale farms at a profitable level. Keywords: Application of MF; Granger causality test; MF model; Large scale farm
2005 Kansas land cover patterns : phase II - final report

Funding Sources: The land cover mapping project was co-funded by the Kansas GIS Policy Board with funds from the Kansas Water Plan that are administered by the Kansas Water Office under the grant titled " Kansas Next-Generation Land Use/Land Cover Mapping Initiative " and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) under the research project titled " Understanding and Forecasting Ecological Change: Causes, Trajectories and Consequences of Environmental Change in the Central Plains. "
Improving FMEA Comprehensibility via Common-Sense Knowledge Graph Completion Techniques

The Failure Mode Effect Analysis process (FMEA) is widely used in industry for risk assessment, as it effectively captures and documents domain-specific knowledge. This process is mainly concerned with causal domain knowledge. In practical applications, FMEAs encounter challenges in terms of comprehensibility, particularly related to inadequate coverage of listed failure modes and their corresponding effects and causes. This can be attributed to the limitations of traditional brainstorming approaches typically employed in the FMEA process. Depending on the size and diversity in terms of disciplines of the team conducting the analysis, these approaches may not adequately capture a comprehensive range of failure modes, leading to gaps in coverage. To this end, methods for improving FMEA knowledge comprehensibility are highly needed. A potential approach to address this gap is rooted in recent advances in common-sense knowledge graph completion, which have demonstrated the effectiveness of text-aware graph embedding techniques. However, the applicability of such methods in an industrial setting is limited. This paper addresses this issue on FMEA documents in an industrial environment. Here, the application of common-sense knowledge graph completion methods on FMEA documents from semiconductor manufacturing is studied. These methods achieve over 20% MRR on the test set and 70% of the top 10 predictions were manually assessed to be plausible by domain experts. Based on the evaluation, this paper confirms that text-aware knowledge graph embedding for common-sense knowledge graph completion are more effective than structure-only knowledge graph embedding for improving FMEA knowledge comprehensibility. Additionally we found that language model in domain fine-tuning is beneficial for extracting more meaningful embedding, thus improving the overall model performance.
Thermodynamics Analysis and Optimization of Abadan Combined Cycle Power Plant

Background/Objectives: The welfare and comfort of people in the world is directly related to consuming energy and its economic supply, which depends on quantity of energy resources. This has been turned into an important challenge with respect to rapid growth at level of request for energy in the world. Methods/Statistical analysis: In this multiobjective optimization that has been carried out by Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), two objective functions of exergy efficiency and produced power costs composing of the cost of injected fuel into combustion chamber and duct burner as well as exergy loss cost and investment cost have been studied. Findings: The efficiency of Abadan combined cycle power plant depends on design parameters including gas turbine input temperature, compressor pressure ratio, and pinch point temperature and any change occurring in these parameters may lead to noticeable change in objective functions, so that the efficiency of this power plant is increased after optimization up to 7.12 % and heat rate is correspondingly reduced from 7503 (kJ/kWh) to 7149 (kJ/kWh). Similarly, exergy destruction in total system shows 8.37 reduction. Applications/Improvements: In this research Abadan combined cycle power plant has been perfectly modeled in terms of thermodynamics and the given results were compared with output data from Thermo-Flow Software in order to ensure the validity of the modeling code.