Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Encoding information into precipitation structures

Material design at submicron scales would be profoundly affected if the formation of precipitation patterns could be easily controlled. It would allow the direct building of bulk structures, in contrast to traditional techniques which consist of removing material in order to create patterns. Here, we discuss an extension of our recent proposal of using electrical currents to control precipitation bands which emerge in the wake of reaction fronts in A+ + B– → C reaction–diffusion processes. Our main result, based on simulating the reaction–diffusion–precipitation equations, is that the dynamics of the charged agents can be guided by an appropriately designed time-dependent electric current so that, in addition to the control of the band spacing, the width of the precipitation bands can also be tuned. This makes straightforward the encoding of information into precipitation patterns and, as an amusing example, we demonstrate the feasibility by showing how to encode a musical rhythm.
Harnessing metadata characteristics for efficient deduplication in distributed storage Systems

As storage capacity requirements grow, storage systems are becoming distributed, and that distribution poses a challenge for space savings processes. In this thesis, I design and implement a mechanism for storing only a single instance of duplicated data within a distributed storage system which selectively performs deduplication across each of the independent computers, known as nodes, used for storage. This involves analyzing the contents of each node for objects with characteristics more likely to have duplicates elsewhere, particularly using duplication within a node as the indicative property an object duplicated many times in a dataset will likely be duplicated at least once in some node. An inter-node system is responsible for efficiently collecting and distributing the information of these potential duplicates. A test implementation was built and run on several data sets characteristic of common storage workloads where deduplication is important, while distributing across 128 nodes. The efficiency of this implementation was analyzed and compared against the savings when distributed across 128 nodes with deduplication performed only between duplicate objects within each node, without inter-node deduplication. The inter-node deduplication was found to increase the space saved by a factor of four to six times. This represented in one case, a file storage server, only a quarter of potential savings due to the majority of potential savings being in files with only a few duplicates. This left a low probability of locating duplication within a single node. However in another case, a collection of over 100 virtual machine images, nearly all potential duplicates were found due to the high number of duplicates for each object, providing an example of where this inter-node mechanism can be most useful. Thesis Supervisor: Robert T. Morris Title: Professor Thesis Supervisor: Jiri Schindler Title: NetApp ATG
Thermal performance analysis of photoelectric parameters on high-power LEDs packaging modules

Compared with incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps, nowadays LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) are power saving, environment-friendly, and have the advantages of long lifetime and flexible color output. Therefore, LEDs are being widely used in many fields. In this paper, three high-power LEDs packaging modules with different packaging structures were selected to do the performance analysis based on the experiments. In the measurement, the LED junction temperature was controlled at seven levels (25°C, 50°C, 65°C, 75°C, 85°C, 95C, 100°C) in sequence. The thermal variation of some photoelectric parameters for LED packaging modules, such as forward voltage, relative flux output, correlated color temperature (CCT), color rending index (Ra), luminous efficiency and spectrum, were focused on and analyzed here. The experimental results demonstrated that the luminous flux, luminous efficacy and forward voltage of LEDs decreased with the increase of the junction temperature, but these three LEDs packaging modules have different varieties on CRI, CCT and spectrum. The related reasons were analyzed briefly in this paper.
Artificial Associative Memory Using Quantum Processes

This paper discusses an approach to constructing an artificial quantum associative memory (QuAM). The QuAM makes use of two quantum computational algorithms, one for pattern storage and the other for pattern recall. The result is an exponential increase in the capacity of the memory when compared to traditional associative memories such as the Hopfield network. Further, the paper argues for considering pattern recall as a non-unitary process and demonstrates the utility of non-unitary operators for improving the pattern recall performance of the QuAM.
Copernicus and the Asr Challenge | W Aiting for Kepler | 1. Thoughts on Asr Research 1.1. Asr and the History O F Astronomy When Copernicus

When Copernicus1 introduced a heliocentric model of the solar system, assuming circular trajectories of planets around the sun, his model yielded larger errors than the well-known and rather successful Ptolemaic model (for which the sun and stars were modeled as moving around the earth in a complicated orbit). Fortunately for Humanity, these large errors did not discourage Copernicus from using his new and elegant concept. However, in order to convince his colleagues of the viability of his model, he had to apply an \engineering tweak": he postulated \epicycles", or small planetary revolutions that occurred in addition to the larger orbital motions. These tweaks, which also been used in the old Ptolemaic system, reduced the error for the new model so that it was competitive with the \successful" Ptolemaic model. Kepler later proposed a better model with elliptic planetary trajectories, which eliminated the need for the \tweak" [18].
Predict Treatment Success ? Intramuscular Electrical Stimulation for Shoulder Pain in Hemiplegia : Does Time From Stroke Onset

http://nnr.sagepub. com/content/21/6/561 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/1545968306298412 2007 21: 561 originally published online 16 March 2007 Neurorehabil Neural Repair Zorowitz and Zi-Ping Fang John Chae, Alan Ng, David T. Yu, Andrew Kirsteins, Elie P. Elovic, Steven R. Flanagan, Richard L. Harvey, Richard D. Predict Treatment Success? Intramuscular Electrical Stimulation for Shoulder Pain in Hemiplegia: Does Time From Stroke Onset
Learning in asynchronous discussion groups: a multilevel approach to study the influence of student, group and task characteristics

The research reported in the current article studies the impact of learning in asynchronous discussion groups on students' final exam scores and levels of knowledge construction. Multilevel analyses were applied to uncover the specific influence of student, group and task variables. The results indicate that the impact of student characteristics on both dependent variables is of higher significance than characteristics of the discussion group students are allocated to. With regard to levels of knowledge construction, task characteristics also appear to be of importance. With regard to final exam scores the analyses reveal a significant impact from student learning style, attitude towards task-based learning, the number of student contributions and the level of knowledge construction in these contributions. No significant group characteristics were observed. As to levels of knowledge construction, the analyses revealed that the amount of contributions and the attitude towards the online learning environment are significant predictors. The intensity of the interaction in a group had a significant impact. As to task characteristics, significant differences were found between consecutive themes. These disappeared when taking into account task complexity.
Projection Vector Machine: One-stage learning algorithm from high-dimension small-sample data

The presence of fewer samples and large number of input features increases the complexity of the classifier and degrades the stability. Thus, dimension reduction was always carried before supervised learning algorithms such as neural network. This two-stage framework is somewhat redundant in dimension reduction and network training. This paper proposes a novel one-stage learning algorithm for high-dimension small-sample data, called Projection Vector Machine (PVM), which combines dimension reduction with network training and removes the redundancy. Through dimension reduction operation such as singular vector decomposition (SVD), we not only reduce the dimension but also obtain the size of single-hidden layer feedforward neural network (SLFN) and input weight values simultaneously. This size-fixed network will become linear programming system and thus the output weights can be determined by simple least square method. Unlike traditional backpropagation feedforward neural network (BP), parameters in PVM don't need iterative tuning and thus its training speed is much faster than BP. Unlike extreme learning machine (ELM) proposed by Huang [G. -B. Huang, Q. -Y. Zhu, C. -K. Siew, Extreme learning machine: theory and applications, Neurocomputing 70 (2006) 489–501] which assigns input weights randomly, PVM's input weights are ranked by singular values and select the optimal weights order by singular value. We give proof that PVM is a universal approximator for high-dimension small-sample data. Experimental results show that the proposed one-stage algorithm PVM is faster than two-stage learning approach such as SVD+BP and SVD+ELM.
Postura corporal e distribuição das pressões plantares na paralisia cerebral espástica

Monograph Specialization Postgraduate Course in Physical Rehabilitation Motor Federal University of Santa Maria POSTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLANTAR PRESSURE IN CEREBRAL PALSY Author: Eduardo Cabral da Silva Coordinator: Profa. Dra. Claudia Morais Trevisan Co-Supervisor: Ft. Ms. Juliana Alves Souza. Date and Place of Defense: Santa Maria, July 16, 2014. Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent developmental disorders of movement and posture, because of a non-progressive disorder that occurs during the development of fetal or infant brain and may contribute to limitations in the functionality of the person's profile. The aim of this study was to investigate the posture, the distribution of plantar pressures in spastic CP. Was characterized as a observational descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the Division of Physiotherapy, Sector Outpatient Pediatric Rehabilitation Neurofunctional the University Hospital of Santa Maria RS. Children with spastic CP were included in level I and II of the Gross Motor Function Classification System E & R, whose responsible adults signed a consent form.Postural alignment was assessed subjectively, based on Kendall, Maccreary and Provance (1998), the anteroposterior and lateral views (right and left). Plantar pressures were analyzed using a baropodometer Footwork Pro® brand and type of the foot was calculated by the index Chipaux Smirak (ICS). Postural changes were observed,where all body segments analyzed were placed. The anteroposterior and lateral views of all kinds spastic PC. The hemiparesis and diparetic showed a distribution close to normal plantar pressures while quadripareticos showed higher anterior and right pressure. For all samples was the predominance of the flat foot. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. In this group of children with spastic CP body posture, plantar pressures and the kind of foot shown to be altered.
Pulsed Radiofrequency Treatment for Trigeminal Neuralgia

Background: Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) treatment is defined as the delivery of short pulses of radiofrequency via a needle tip, which does not result in an actual thermal lesions. There are mixed views regarding the use of PRF for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). In our opinion, one of the main reasons for the contrasting views is the insufficient PRF dose employed in previous studies. In a recent study on the effects of PRF on resiniferatoxin-induced neuropathic pain in an animal model, the anti-allodynic effects of PRF were significantly greater when the PRF exposure duration was increased from 2 to 6 minutes. Objectives: The primary objective of this retrospective study is to report the results for 36 consecutive patients who underwent PRF treatment for TN, for 6 minutes at 45 V at a pulsed frequency of 4 Hz and a pulse width of 10 ms. Patients and Methods: For the study, we obtained procedural records of 36 consecutive patients. Their current state of pain was evaluated over a telephonic survey and the post-procedural data at 2, 6, and 12 months were retrieved thereafter from the patient records. The main outcome measure was excellent pain relief (more than 80%), which was assessed at 2, 6, and 12 months. Results: The percentages of patients who showed excellent pain relief (> 80% pain relief) at 2, 6, and 12 months were 73.5% (25/34), 61.8% (21/34), and 55.9% (19/34), respectively. The percentages of patients showing satisfactory pain relief (50–80% pain relief) at 2, 6, and 12 months were 14.7% (5/34), 17.6% (6/34), and 17.6% (6/34), respectively, and those of patients showing less than satisfactory pain relief (< 50% pain relief) at 2, 6, and 12 months were 11.8% (4/34), 20.6% (7/34), and 23.5% (8/34), respectively. No complications were reported, and none of the patients required hospitalization. Conclusions: PRF of the trigeminal ganglion should be further evaluated as an alternative treatment method for TN.
Segmentation of Monologues in Audio Books for Building Synthetic Voices

One of the issues in using audio books for building a synthetic voice is the segmentation of large speech files. The use of the Viterbi algorithm to obtain phone boundaries on large audio files fails primarily because of huge memory requirements. Earlier works have attempted to resolve this problem by using large vocabulary speech recognition system employing restricted dictionary and language model. In this paper, we propose suitable modifications to the Viterbi algorithm and demonstrate its usefulness for segmentation of large speech files in audio books. The utterances obtained from large speech files in audio books are used to build synthetic voices. We show that synthetic voices built from audio books in the public domain have Mel-cepstral distortion scores in the range of 4-7, which is similar to voices built from studio quality recordings such as CMU ARCTIC.
Overview of self-determination theory: An organismic-dialectical perspective.

In the classical, Aristotelian, view of human development, people arc assumed to possess an active tendency toward psychological growth and integration. Endowed with an innate stT·h~ng to exercise and elaborate their interests, individuals tt:nd naturally to seck challenges, to discover new perspectives, and 10 actively internalize and transform cultural practices. By stretching thei.r capacities and expressing thei.r talents and propensities, people actualize their human potentials. Within this perspective, active growth is complemented by a tendency toward synthesis, organization, or relative unity of both knowledge and personality. Moreover, the integration of that which is experienced providt-s the basis for a coherent sense of selfa sense of wholeness, vitalit}\ and integrity. To the degree that individuals have attained a sense of self, they can act in accord "~th, or be "true" to, that seU: T his general view of an active, integrating organism with the potential to a.ct from a coherent sense of self can be found in psychodynamic and humanistic theories of personality and in cognitive theories of development. For example, psychoanalytic theorists posit inherent activity and a synthetic function of the ego (Freud, 1927; Nun berg, 1931; Meissner, 1981; White, 1963), and humani. ~tic psyclJOlogists postulate an actualizing tendency (Angyal, 1963; Maslow, 1955; Rogers, 1963). Similarly, many cognitive d<:vclopmcntal theories emphasize an organizational or imcgrativc tendency as an endogenous feature of the organism, proposing that development is clmracterized by an overarching organization function through which new self-extensions are brought into coherence with other cognitive stmctures (Piagct, 1971; 'vVerncr, 1948).
Semantics for Locking Specifications ( extended abstract )

Lock-based synchronization disciplines, like Java’s @GuardedBy, are widely used to prevent concurrency errors. However, their semantics is often expressed informally and is consequently ambiguous. This article highlights such ambiguities and overcomes them by formalizing two possible semantics of @GuardedBy, using a reference operational semantics for a core calculus of a concurrent Java-like language. It also identifies when such annotations are actual guarantees against data races. Our work aids in understanding the annotations and supports the development of sound tools that verify or infer them.
Interleukin-6 Facilitates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Disruption in Working Memory and Expression of Other Proinflammatory Cytokines in Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Layers

Proinflammatory cytokines inhibit learning and memory but the significance of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in acute cognitive deficits induced by the peripheral innate immune system is not known. To examine the functional role of IL-6 in hippocampus-mediated cognitive impairments associated with peripheral infections, C57BL6/J (IL-6+/+) and IL-6 knock-out (IL-6−/−) mice were trained in a matching-to-place version of the water maze. After an acquisition phase, IL-6+/+ mice injected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exhibited deficits in working memory. However, IL-6−/− mice were refractory to the LPS-induced impairment in working memory. To determine the mechanism by which IL-6 deficiency conferred protection from disruption in working memory, plasma IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), c-Fos immunoreactivity in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), and steady-state levels of IL-1β and TNFα mRNA in neuronal layers of the hippocampus were determined in IL-6+/+ and IL-6−/− mice after injection of LPS. Plasma IL-1β and TNFα and c-Fos immunoreactivity in the NTS were increased similarly in IL-6+/+ and IL-6−/− mice after LPS, indicating high circulating levels of IL-1β and TNFα and activation of vagal afferent pathways were not sufficient to disrupt working memory in the absence of IL-6. However, the LPS-induced upregulation of IL-1β and TNFα mRNA that was evident in hippocampal tissue of IL-6+/+ mice was greatly attenuated or entirely absent in IL-6−/− mice. Collectively, these data suggest that humoral and neural immune-to-brain communication pathways are intact in IL-6-deficient mice but that, in the absence of IL-6, the central cytokine compartment is hyporesponsive.
DTAD: A Dynamic Taint Analysis Detector for Information Security

Information infection and information leakage in computer systems are mainly caused by insecure network access. Considering the particularity of network security, a tool DTAD (dynamic taint analysis detector) for information flow security detection is designed and implemented, aiming at the problem of data security in network access. This tool performs log recording and state controlling for malicious access and virus vulnerability using the state-control characteristic of virtual machines. Defense systems capture network data by executing applications to determine whether these accesses (i.e. target jumping, function address and instruction access) are legitimate or not. Once an attack is detected, the tool records states of the virtual machine at the process level as well as the kernel level. For attacks caused by malicious code, the tool injects its own diagnostic code into the process space of running programs to substitute the malicious code, as a result, related information for the attacked process is collected. The tool is able to generate precise signatures for network intrusion detection by associating and comparing network data recorded in log files with process information collected by the virtual machine, the whole process is finished automatically. The tool can also precisely identify attack types and provide effective protection measures through fast signature releasing. Experiments have validated the efficiency of the tool in attack recognition and information protection, and indicated that this detection and protection system is effective in recognizing, tracking and processing taint data.
Chemical resistance of carbon, basalt, and glass fibers used in FRP reinforcing bars

One of the most important fields of research dealing with the use of carbon-, basalt-, and glass-fiber composites in the civil construction industry is their behavior under various chemical exposure conditions. Fiber-reinforced-polymer composites used as internal and external reinforcement in various structural applications can be subjected to widely differing pH situations. This study investigated the chemical durability of various carbon, basalt and glass fibers. The fibers were immersed in four types of solutions with acid, saline, alkaline, and deionized-water conditioning schemes. The fiber mass loss and surface damage along with changes due to chemical reactions were observed through weight-loss measurements and scanning electron microscopy. A criterion was developed to characterize the performance of fibers as very good, good, fair, and poor. This methodology can also be used by manufacturers as a quick quality-control tool for evaluating the chemical resistance of different fibers prior to large-volume production. The results reveal that the carbon fibers exhibited higher chemical resistance than the basalt and glass fibers based on weight loss and evidence of chemical reactions. Moreover, the determination of the fiber chemical composition before and after conditioning in acid and alkaline solutions clearly shows that the E-glass fibers, which are known to contain boron, were very sensitive to chemical corrosion. The ECR-glass fibers showed excellent chemical durability, even better than the basalt fibers.
Using transformer parasitics for resonant converters - a review of the calculation of the stray capacitance of transformers

Parasitic capacitances of conventional transformers can be used as resonant elements in resonant DC-DC converters in order to reduce the overall system size. For predicting the values of the parasitic capacitors without building the transformer different approaches for calculating these capacitances are compared. A systematic summary of the known approaches is given and missing links between the different theories and missing equations are added. Furthermore, a new simple procedure for modelling parasitic capacitances which is based on the known approaches is proposed. The resulting equations are verified by measurements on four different high voltage transformers.