Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mindfulness-Based Decentering Technique Increases the Cognitive Accessibility of Health and Weight Loss Related Goals

Previous research has shown that a mindfulness-based decentering technique can help individuals resist eating chocolate over a 5-day period. However, it is unclear how this technique exerts its effect. This study explored one potential mechanism; that decentering increases the cognitive accessibility of relevant goals. Male and female participants (n = 90) spent 5 min practicing either a decentering or relaxation (control) technique. They then viewed a picture of a chocolate bar for 3 min whilst either applying the decentering technique or letting their mind wander (control). Finally, all participants completed 20 letter strings, rated their motivation for weight loss and for healthy eating, and indicated whether or not they were dieting to lose weight. As predicted, those who had applied the decentering technique produced a greater number of health and weight loss related words when completing the letter strings, compared to those who had simply let their mind wander (p < 0.001). However, contrary to predictions, these effects were not significantly greater amongst those who were more motivated to lose weight or eat healthily, or amongst those who were dieting to lose weight, though the means were in the predicted directions. The results suggest that this particular mindfulness technique may increase the accessibility of relevant goals. Further research would be needed to (a) compare effects with other strategies that prompt individuals to remember their goals, (b) examine other potential mechanisms of action, and (c) confirm that effects on self-control are mediated by increased goal accessibility.
Is early reconstruction necessary for all anterior cruciate ligament tears?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is necessary to prevent knee instability (giving way) during sports activities, in particular those that require planting and pivoting-type maneuvers. Episodes of giving way typically occur during athletic activity but can also occur with activities of daily living. In young athletes with an ACL injury, early reconstruction has been advocated to improve their quality of life, by allowing them to return to high-demand sports, as well as to avoid further damage to the knee's articular cartilage and menisci, which often accompanies these episodes of instability.1–3 Approximately 200,000 ACL reconstructions are performed each year in .
Tensor Power Method for Efficient MAP Inference in Higher-order MRFs

We present a new efficient algorithm for maximizing energy functions with higher order potentials suitable for MAP inference in discrete MRFs. Initially we relax integer constraints on the problem and obtain potential label assignments using higher-order (tensor) power method. Then we utilise an ascent procedure similar to the classic ICM algorithm to converge to a solution meeting the original integer constraints.
Evaluation of specific metabolic rates of major organs and tissues: Comparison between men and women

The specific resting metabolic rates (Ki, in kcal/kg per day) of major organs and tissues in the Reference Man were suggested in 1992 by Elia: 200 for liver, 240 for brain, 440 for heart and kidneys, 13 for skeletal muscle, 4.5 for adipose tissue and 12 for the residual mass. However, it is unknown whether gender influences the Ki values. The aim of the present study was to compare the Ki values observed in nonelderly nonobese men to the corresponding values in women.
Learning to Grasp with Primitive Shaped Object Policies

Towards the automation of assembly tasks using industrial robot manipulators, improving the robotic grasping is essential. In this paper, we employed a reinforcement learning method based on the policy search algorithm, call Guided Policy Search, to learn policies for the grasping problem. The goal was to evaluate if policies trained solely using sets of primitive shaped objects, can still achieve the task of grasping objects of more complex shapes. The results show that even using simple shaped objects; the method can learn policies that generalize to more complex shapes. Additionally, a robustness test was conducted to show that the visual component of the policy helps to guide the system when there is an error in the estimation of the target object pose.
Allele‐specific imbalance mapping at human orthologs of mouse susceptibility to colon cancer (Scc) loci

Colorectal cancer (CRC) can be classified into different types. Chromosomal instable (CIN) colon cancers are thought to be the most common type of colon cancer. The risk of developing a CIN‐related CRC is due in part to inherited risk factors. Genome‐wide association studies have yielded over 40 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with CRC risk, but these only account for a subset of risk alleles. Some of this missing heritability may be due to gene‐gene interactions. We developed a strategy to identify interacting candidate genes/loci for CRC risk that utilizes both linkage and RNA‐seq data from mouse models in combination with allele‐specific imbalance (ASI) studies in human tumors. We applied our strategy to three previously identified CRC susceptibility loci in the mouse that show evidence of genetic interaction: Scc4, Scc5 and Scc13. 525 SNPs from genes showing differential expression in the mouse and/or a previous role in cancer from the literature were evaluated for allele‐specific imbalance in 194 paired human normal/tumor DNAs from CIN‐related CRCs. One hundred three SNPs showing suggestive evidence of ASI (31 variants with uncorrected p values < 0.05) were genotyped in a validation set of 296 paired DNAs. Two variants in SNX10 (SCC13) showed significant evidence of allelic selection after multiple comparisons testing. Future studies will evaluate the role of these variants in combination with interacting genetic partners in colon cancer risk in mouse and humans.
Influence of Indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains on Higher Alcohol Content in Malvazija Istarska Wines

Istria is one of the most remarkable wine growing regions in Croatia. The main white grape variety is Malvasia from Istria (Malvazija istarska). Commercial yeast inocula, generally Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are widely used as starters today, however it might be preferable to use selected indigenous strains, which may have optimum abilities and may be better adapted to ferment the must of each area. Production and final concentration of higher alcohols is one of the strains most important oenological properties. In this research we extensively studied three indigenous S. cerevisiae strains during three years, isolated from the Istra wine region. Content of higher alcohols (1-propanol, 1-hexanol, Isobutanol, 1-butanol, Isoamyl alcohol and 2-phenyl ethanol were analyzed using GC- SHS. Compared to the control strain all tested indigenous yeast strains produced significantly lower concentration of 1 propanol while only the strain RO 1203 produced higher concentration of Hexanol, Isobutanol and 2-phenyl ethanol in all investigated years. In the 2000 and 2001. wines produced with strain RO1172 had the lowest total higher alcohol amount while in the year 2002 there were no difference between tested strains. Sensory evaluation carried out by Buxbaum method pointed out good enological properties and positive influence on final wine quality of all three tested S. cerevisae indigenous strains.
An elementary proof of the vanishing of the second cohomology of the Witt and Virasoro algebra with values in the adjoint module

Abstract. By elementary and direct calculations the vanishing of the (algebraic) second Lie algebra cohomology of the Witt and the Virasoro algebra with values in the adjoint module is shown. This yields infinitesimal and formal rigidity or these algebras. The first (and up to now only) proof of this important result was given 1989 by Fialowski in an unpublished note. It is based on cumbersome calculations. Compared to the original proof the presented one is quite elegant and considerably simpler.
A simulation model for the mixed traffic system in Vietnam

Simulation models have been used successfully to model traffic systems, test various traffic control algorithms and solve traffic problems in many developed countries. However, they are unlikely to produce reliable results if applied to Vietnam's mixed traffic conditions, where motorbikes are the principle means of transportation. This paper models and simulates the mixed traffic system. Accordingly, the traffic system is characterised and the logic of the simulation model is introduced briefly. In order to validate and demonstrate the usefulness of the simulation model, a case study is presented. Finally, some conclusions and suggestions are proposed.
Primary Mitochondrial Disease and Secondary Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Importance of Distinction for Diagnosis and Treatment

Mitochondrial disease refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders resulting in defective cellular energy production due to abnormal oxidative phosphorylation (oxphos). Primary mitochondrial disease (PMD) is diagnosed clinically and ideally, but not always, confirmed by a known or indisputably pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA (nDNA) mutation. The PMD genes either encode oxphos proteins directly or they affect oxphos function by impacting production of the complex machinery needed to run the oxphos process. However, many disorders have the ‘mitochondrial' phenotype without an identifiable mtDNA or nDNA mutation or they have a variant of unknown clinical significance. Secondary mitochondrial dysfunction (SMD) can be caused by genes encoding neither function nor production of the oxphos proteins and accompanies many hereditary non-mitochondrial diseases. SMD may also be due to nongenetic causes such as environmental factors. In our practice, we see many patients with clinical signs of mitochondrial dysfunction based on phenotype, biomarkers, imaging, muscle biopsy, or negative/equivocal mtDNA or nDNA test results. In these cases, it is often tempting to assign a patient's phenotype to ‘mitochondrial disease', but SMD is often challenging to distinguish from PMD. Fortunately, rapid advances in molecular testing, made possible by next generation sequencing, have been effective at least in some cases in establishing accurate diagnoses to distinguish between PMD and SMD. This is important, since their treatments and prognoses can be quite different. However, even in the absence of the ability to distinguish between PMD and SMD, treating SMD with standard treatments for PMD can be effective. We review the latest findings regarding mitochondrial disease/dysfunction and give representative examples in which differentiation between PMD and SMD has been crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
Lithium fails to enhance neurogenesis in subventricular zone and dentate subgranular zone after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats

Abstract Objective: Application of lithium induces neurogenesis in the damaged brain in the global cerebral ischemia rat model. In a previous study of rats subjected to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), we have found that lithium treatment improves functional recovery and reduces acute brain swelling. In this follow-up study, we investigate whether the known beneficial effect of lithium on functional recovery after ICH can be explained by neurorestorative effect. Methods: Intracerebral hemorrhage was induced using infusion of collagenase into the striatum in adult rats. Rats were treated by intraperitoneal injection with lithium chloride (1, 2, or 4 mEq/kg/day) or saline for 2 weeks leading to and 2 weeks following ICH induction. From post-ICH days 4–14, 5-bromo-20-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was administered daily. At 2 weeks post-ICH, immunohistochemical staining was performed for BrdU and doublecortin (Dcx). Results: The neurological scores for lithium-treated rats improved significantly at 2 weeks post-ICH compared to saline-treated rats. In the subgranular zone (SGZ) and lateral subventricular zone (SVZ), numbers of BrdU-positive cells were not significantly different between the saline-treated and pooled lithium-treated groups. No significant differences in numbers of BrdU-positive cells in the SVZ were detected between the saline-treated and any of the lithium-treated groups. No significant differences in numbers of BrdU-positive cells in the SGZ were detected between the saline-treated and 1 mEq/kg lithium-treated group. Rats treated with ≧ 2 mEq/kg lithium had lower numbers of BrdU-positive cells in the SGZ than did rats treated with saline, although this difference was not statistically significant. Numbers of Dcx-positive cells in the medial striatum were not significantly different between the 1 mEq/kg lithium-treated and saline-treated groups. Conclusion: The present study shows that lithium does not enhance neurogenesis after ICH in rats, and high dose lithium suppresses neurogenesis in the SGZ. Functional recovery after ICH may be attributable to neuroprotective effect, not neuroregenerative effect of lithium.
Block chain based data security enhanced IoT server platform

In this paper, we propose a new IoT server platform by introducing a block chain and store sensor data in a block chain. Mobius selected IoT server platform, Mobius authenticates IoT devices conforming to oneM2M standard, receives real-time sensor data, stores information and data in Mysql server and manages it. However, Mysql's Mobius configuration has many vulnerabilities and threats to security, and many of them have not been addressed yet. This paper propose a data storage method by constructing a block chain as a database instead of a general / conventional server construction method such as Mysql server in the server configuration method by introducing such a block chain.
Hyaluronan Regulates Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7-dependent Prevention and Reversal of Myofibroblast Phenotype

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) can prevent/reverse fibrosis, but mechanisms are unclear. Results: BMP7 prevents/reverses myofibroblast formation through cell-surface hyaluronan internalization into catalytic endosomes. Hyaluronidase-2 and variant CD44v7/8 mediate this process. Conclusion: Alterations in hyaluronan are critical in prevention/reversal of myofibroblast differentiation. Significance: A novel mechanism of BMP7 action is described and identifies CD44v7/8 and hyaluronidase-2 as potential targets in preventing fibrotic pathology. Hyaluronan (HA) promotes transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-driven myofibroblast phenotype. However, HA can also have disease-limiting activity. Bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) is an antifibrotic cytokine that antagonizes TGF-β1, and isolated studies have demonstrated that HA can both mediate and modulate BMP7 responses. In this study, we investigated whether BMP7 can modulate HA in a manner that leads to prevention/reversal of TGF-β1-driven myofibroblast differentiation in human lung fibroblasts. Results demonstrated that BMP7 prevented and reversed TGF-β1-driven myofibroblast differentiation through a novel mechanism. BMP7 promoted the dissolution and internalization of cell-surface HA into cytoplasmic endosomes. Endosomal HA co-localized with the HA-degrading enzymes, hyaluronidase-1 and hyaluronidase-2 (Hyal2). Moreover, BMP7 showed differential regulation of CD44 standard and variant isoform expression, when compared with TGF-β1. In particular, BMP7 increased membrane expression of CD44v7/8. Inhibiting CD44v7/8 as well as blocking Hyal2 and the Na+/H+ exchanger-1 at the cell-surface prevented BMP7-driven HA internalization and BMP7-mediated prevention/reversal of myofibroblast phenotype. In summary, a novel mechanism of TGF-β1 antagonism by BMP7 is shown and identifies alteration in HA as critical in mediating BMP7 responses. In addition, we identify Hyal2 and CD44v7/8 as new potential targets for manipulation in prevention and reversal of fibrotic pathology.
A novel hyperspectral image anomaly detection method based on low rank representation

This paper presents a novel method for anomaly detection in hyperspectral image(HSI) based on low-rank representation. In the observed HSI, the anomalies can be separated from the background. Since each pixel in the background can be approximately represented by a background dictionary, and the representation coefficients of the background pixels are correlative, a low-rank representation model is used to model the background part. Besides, to gain robust representation coefficient, the sum-to-one constraint is added. The advantage of the proposed low-rank representation sum-to-one (LRRSTO) method is that it makes use of the global correlation of the background and strength the robustness of the representation. Experiments results have been conducted using both simulated and real data sets. These experiments indicated that our algorithm achieves very promising performance.
Successful Endovascular Removal of a Perforated Inferior Vena Cava Filter Complicated by a Large Retroperitoneal Hematoma: Pitfall of Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis

Abstract Symptomatic caval perforation is rare complication after inferior vena cava (IVC) filter insertion. A 44-year-old woman developed back pain after the placement of retrieval IVC filter during catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT). Her computed tomography showed a large right-sided retroperitoneal hematoma. After 2 weeks, endovascular removal of the perforated filter was successfully performed without complication. Because thrombolytic agents can accelerate bleeding caused by endovascular procedures, the bleeding rate of the IVC filter deployment during CDT might be higher than expected.
Managing drug resistant tuberculosis

#### Summary points Antituberculosis drug resistance is increasing both in the United Kingdom and internationally.1 2 It has come to greater public attention with the emergence of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (box 1) in South Africa, where an outbreak proved rapidly fatal among people with advanced HIV infection.3 In this article we review recent global and UK trends in drug resistant tuberculosis and summarise its diagnosis, treatment, and control. Few data are available from randomised controlled trials to guide treatment of drug resistant tuberculosis, and none for multidrug resistant tuberculosis; this review is based primarily on data from observational epidemiological studies and on national and international guidelines. #### Box 1 Definitions relating to tuberculosis and drug resistance
Improvement of Shear Strength of Sandy Soil by Cement Grout with Fly Ash

The effects of the permeation cement grout with fly ash on the sandy soil skeleton were studied in the present work in two phase; first phase the shear strength parameters, and the second phase effect of these grouted materials on volume grouted zone by injection (51) cm³ of slurry in sandy soil placed in steel cylinder model with dimension 15 cm in diameter and 30 cm in height. The soil sample was obtained from Karbala city and it is classified as poorly graded sand (SP) according to USCS. The soil samples were improved by cement grout with three percentages weight of water cement ratio (w:c); (0.1w:0.9c, 0.8w:0.2c, and 0.7w:0.3c), while the soil samples were dehydrated for one day curing time. Fly ash class (F) was used with cement grout as filler material; it was added to the mixture as a replacement material for cement in weight percentages; 10%, 25% and 40%. According to the results of tests, both shear strength and approximate volume of the effective grouted zone for treated samples soil with cement grout was increased when the water cement ratio decreased. Fly ash with cement grout needs to increase the water demand for the grout mixing to give best results in both shear strength and filling the soil voids.
Planar polarity

The clinical burden of both adult and neonatal lung disease worldwide is substantial; in the UK alone, respiratory disease kills one in four people. It is increasingly recognized that genes and pathways that regulate lung development, may be aberrantly activated in disease and/or reactivated as part of the lungs’ intrinsic repair mechanisms. Investigating the genes and signaling pathways that regulate lung growth has led to significant insights into the pathogenesis of congenital and adult lung disease. Recently, the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway has been shown to be required for normal lung development, and data suggests that this signaling pathway is also involved in the pathogenesis of some lung diseases. In this review, we summarize current evidence indicating that the PCP pathway is required for both lung development and disease.
A guide to defining and implementing protocols for the welfare assessment of laboratory animals: eleventh report of the BVAAWF/FRAME/RSPCA/UFAW Joint Working Group on Refinement*

The refinement of husbandry and procedures to reduce animal suffering and improve welfare is an essential component of humane science. Successful refinement depends upon the ability to assess animal welfare effectively, and detect any signs of pain or distress as rapidly as possible, so that any suffering can be alleviated. This document provides practical guidance on setting up and operating effective protocols for the welfare assessment of animals used in research and testing. It sets out general principles for more objective observation of animals, recognizing and assessing indicators of pain or distress and tailoring these to individual projects. Systems for recording indicators, including score sheets, are reviewed and guidance is set out on determining practical monitoring regimes that are more likely to detect any signs of suffering. This guidance is intended for all staff required to assess or monitor animal welfare, including animal technologists and care staff, veterinarians and scientists. It will also be of use to members of ethics or animal care and use committees. A longer version of this document, with further background information and extra topics including training and information sharing, is available on the Laboratory Animals website.
Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia: Risk Factors for Mortality and Microbiologic Treatment Failure

ABSTRACT We reviewed 37 patients treated for bacteremia due to carbapenem-resistant (CR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Although 65% of isolates were multiple-drug resistant, therapeutic options were available, as all were susceptible to ≥1 antibiotic. A total of 92% of patients received active antimicrobial therapy, but only 57% received early active therapy (within 48 h). Fourteen-day mortality was 19%. Microbiologic failure occurred in 29%. The Pitt bacteremia score (P = 0.046) and delayed active therapy (P = 0.027) were predictive of death and microbiologic failure, respectively.