Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Financial Well-being of Millennials: A Systematic Review

Financial well-being (FWB) refers to a status of an individual equipped with adequate resources to live life comfortably. Millennials, a cohort born in 1980-2000, fared less well financially than other generations. This article attempted to look into the existing body of knowledge to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors affecting FWB among millennials. Employing a combined PICO and SPIDER tools, fifteen articles have been identified and subsequently, five themes were developed affecting FWB among millennials such as financial behavior and financial literacy, personal traits, social and economic environment, and life stage attributes. Among these identified factors, financial literacy is considered to be the strongest as higher financial literacy translates into better handling of finances, resulting in surplus and therefore better FWB. Financial behavior and financial attitude are also important as they involve skills, motivation, and confidence to apply knowledge and understanding. Personality traits equally remained as strong predictors along with social and economic environment factors as well as social support from firms and institutions which significantly affect financial well-being. This research will enable millennials to improve their financial lives. In the pursuit of improving their financial well-being, individuals make financial decisions to grow their assets and protect their resources and alleviate financial crises. Overall, this paper has demonstrated the factors that substantially determine FWB among millennials. It is recommended that relevant research be done to verify the factors identified in this study.
A video face clustering approach based on sparse subspace representation

With the changes of illumination, action and background, face clustering is a challenging task that demands accuracy and robustness. In order to improve the face clustering performance in videos, we propose a method which considers the available prior knowledge, multi-view and constrained information. First, multiple features of images are extracted, and sparse subspace clustering algorithm is used to achieve the coefficient matrix. Then, the constrained track matrix and KNN are used to reconstruct the coefficient matrix. Finally, the clustering result is obtained by co-training spectral clustering. The experiment results on two real-world video datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
Expression of the Hepatitis C Virus core-NS3 Fusion Protein on the Surface of Bacterial Ghosts: Prospects for Vaccine Production

Background: Antigen presentation using bacterial surface display systems, on one hand, has the benefits of bacterial carriers, including low-cost production and ease of manipulation. On the other hand, the bacteria can help in stimulating the immune system as an adjuvant. For example, using bacterial surface display technology, we developed a hepatitis C virus (HCV) multiple antigens displaying bacteria's surface and then turned it into a bacterial ghost. Methods: The HCV core and NS3 proteins' conserved epitopes were cloned into the AIDA gene plasmid as an auto transporter. The recombinant plasmid was then transformed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) Bl21 (DE3). Recombinant bacteria were then turned into a bacterial ghost, an empty cell envelope. Whole-cell ELISA, flow cytometry, and Western blot techniques were used for monitoring the expression of proteins on the surface of bacteria. Results: A fusion protein of HCV core-NS3-AIDA was successfully expressed on the E. coli Bl21 (DE3) surface and confirmed by western blotting, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and flow cytometry detection techniques. Conclusion: The presence of HCV antigens on non-pathogen bacteria surfaces holds promise for developing safe and cost-benefit-accessible vaccines with optimal intrinsic adjuvant effects and exposure of heterologous antigens to the immune system.
Role of ankle dorsiflexion in sports performance and injury risk: A narrative review

The objective of this literature review is to understand the role of ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in sports performance and the risk of injuries. The ankle harmonizes the interaction between the body and the supporting surface through adjusting to the supporting surface and handling forces to contribute effectually to different functional activities. Ankle dorsiflexion is an essential construct in many sport-specific skills. Ankle dorsiflexion is associated with activation of brain areas involved in movement preparation, sensory integration, motor planning/execution, balance, and visuomotor coordination. Ankle dorsiflexion was associated with enhanced activation of deep core and quadriceps muscles. Decreased ankle dorsiflexion is linked to compensations and altered kinetics and kinematics that can potentially affect sports performance and increase the chances of sustaining injuries. It is vindicated to consider more focus on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in research studies, sports-related pre-season screening, clinical examination, injury rehabilitation, and return-to-sports judgment.
Adaptive Flight Control Under Actuation and Sensor Failures and Slow-Engine Dynamics

Current approaches to in-flight failure accommodation are focused either on failures of sensors or control surface actuators. Some results also focus on simultaneous sensor and actuator failures. However, there are apparently no results for the case of engine actuation failures when the engine dynamics are slow and its output is not measurable. Hence, the stability proofs for the case of accommodation of simultaneous actuator, engine, and sensor gain failures are not available. On the other hand, overall system stability is crucial in preventing loss of control under flight-critical failures. In this paper, a stable adaptive approach to simultaneous sensor, actuator, and slow-engine gain failure accommodation in flight control is proposed. The approach is broken into two parts: 1) design of a stable adaptive reconfigurable control scheme for accommodation of actuator and engine gain failures in the case of slow-engine dynamics and nonmeasurable engine output, and 2) stable adaptive control design extendin.
Cerebral iconics: how are visual stimuli represented centrally in the human brain?

In the case of some sensory attributes (e.g. luminance), differential thresholds increase with the spatial separation between the stimuli to be compared, but in other cases (e.g. spatial frequency, hue) thresholds vary little whether the stimuli are close together or separated by 10 degrees of arc. To this latter class of sensory attributes, we here add two dimensions: Speed of motion and Chromatic purity. Stimuli were presented too briefly for an eye movement and could fall at any positions on an imaginary circle centred on the fixation point. What neural mechanisms underlie discrimination in such tasks? We doubt discrimination depends on a large array of dedicated ‘comparator neurons’, one for each possible pair of positions in the visual field and for each sensory attribute. Instead we suggest that information about local sensory properties is carried to the cortical site of comparison by neural connections that resemble the man-made Internet in so far as the same physical substrate from moment to moment carries different information in a symbolic code.
Dual-laser cavity ring-down spectroscopy for real-time, long-term measurement of trace moisture in gas

Cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) is a highly sensitive technique that enables the measurement of trace species in gases at or lower than the nmol · mol−1 (ppb) level in amount-of-substance fraction (mole fraction). In particular, CRDS is a very powerful tool for trace-moisture measurement. In real-time, long-term measurement of trace moisture using CRDS, the accuracy is limited by undesired changes in ring-down time over a period of time (background drift). In this study, we introduced a dual-diode laser system in CRDS for trace-moisture measurements to compensate for the background drift. The frequency of the first laser was tuned to the on-peak position of a water absorption line to measure trace moisture, while that of the second laser was tuned to an off-peak position to track the background drift. The two laser diodes were alternately used to measure the ring-down times at on- and off-peak positions by rapidly switching the two laser beams. The effectiveness of dual-laser CRDS for real-time, long-term measurements of trace moisture was demonstrated by experiments based on a primary trace-moisture standard in the range of 8 nmol · mol−1–630 nmol · mol−1. The use of the primary trace-moisture standard in the experiments guaranteed the metrological traceability of the measurement results to the international system of units (SI), making the measurement results reported in this study highly reliable. The expanded uncertainty obtained using dual-laser CRDS at 8 nmol · mol−1 was more than four times better than that of the primary trace-moisture standard, implying the potential of a trace-moisture standard based on dual-laser CRDS whose uncertainty in a low range is better than that of other generator-based trace-moisture standards.
Impinging jets – a short review on strategies for heat transfer enhancement

In industrial applications, heat and mass transfer can be considerably increased using impinging jets. A large number of flow phenomena will be generated by the impinging flow, such as: large scale structures, large curvature involving strong shear and normal stresses, stagnation in the wall boundary layers, heat transfer with the impinged wall, small scale turbulent mixing. All these phenomena are highly unsteady and even if nowadays a substantial number of studies in the literature are dedicated, the impinging jets are still not fully understood due to the highly unsteady nature and more over due to great difficulty of performing detailed numerical and experimental investigations.
Performance Enhancement of Single-Phase Two-Stage AC-DC Converter With Reduced DC-Link Capacitance

Single-phase two-stage AC-DC converters employed in electric vehicle (EV) chargers have the tendency to produce low frequency ripple due to input/output power mismatch, making it necessary to use bulky DC-link capacitors. High voltage ripple at DC-link due to reduced capacitance, prompts poor input power quality and high low-line frequency ripple at the output of secondary-stage. In state-of-art, input power quality in converters with low DC-link capacitance is enhanced by using a digital low-pass filter (LPF). However, employing LPF to sensed DC-link voltage results in a non-optimum dynamic response and deteriorated stability margins. With the objective to improve input power quality, enhance dynamic performance and reduce secondary-side ripple for low valued DC-link capacitance AC-DC converters, a modified unit-template based model predictive (MUT-MPC) and a DC-link feedforward (DFF) controls are presented in this article. The current feed-forward for the unit-template is controlled by predictive voltage error through an optimization process of cost function to improve input power quality and dynamic performance for primary AC-DC converter. Furthermore, a DC-link feedforward (DFF) control is implemented for secondary DC-DC stage, which reduces the low-frequency current ripple at the load. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of presented multi-objective control method in comparison with traditional controls, MATLAB simulations and experimental results are provided.
FORCE-UNCONSTRAINED POSES FOR PARALLEL MANIPULATORS WITH REDUNDANT ACTUATED BRANCHES

A study of the effect of including a redundant actuated branch on the existence of force-unconstrained configurations for a planar parallel layout of joints is presented1. Two methodologies for finding the force-unconstrained poses are described and discussed. The first method involves the differentiation of the nonlinear kinematic constraints of the input and output variables with respect to time. The second method makes use of the reciprocal screws associated with the actuated joints. The force-unconstrained poses of non-redundantly actuated planar parallel manipulators can be mathematically expressed by means of a polynomial in terms of the three variables that define the dimensional space of the planar manipulator, i.e., the location and orientation of the end-effector. The inclusion of redundant actuated branches leads to a system of polynomials, i.e., one additional polynomial for each redundant branch added. Elimination methods are employed to reduce the number of variables by one for every additio.
Magnetic Field: A Biased Tracer Element in Deciding Cosmological Bias

In this universe 90% of the matter is dark matter which is not visible and 10% of the matter is baryonic matter which is visible. Baryonic matter includes all the galaxies that we see today. But the evolution of large scale structure includes the underlying dark matter. Dark matter is only affected by gravitational field whereas the baryonic matter is affected by gravitational field as well as radiation pressure, magnetic field etc. This difference leads to the study of bias factor called as cosmological bias. The field of research is open for the study of cosmological properties which is possible by the study of cosmological bias. It is the ratio of baryonic matter density to the dark matter density. The study of cosmological bias really an interesting topic to unfold many more mystery about the evolution of large scale structures. Cosmological bias provides a wide scope to learn the properties of underlying dark matter. So cosmological bias is a significant topic for study and research. Magneto hydrodynamic equations containing magnetic field as the source term in matter dominated era treated as the basic equations to find the required equation for matter density. This equation contains the information about dark matter density (δ_DM) and the baryonic matter density (δ_b) . This equation is solved analytically at different red shift values (z). The value of b is found to be 6.327 at z=0. As the value of z decreases from z=1000 to z=0 the value of bias increases from 0 to 6.327 which indicates that presence of magnetic field is amplified that means the magnetic field can be one of the bias tracer element.
On the quantization of the massive Bateman system

Bateman’s dual system (BDS) is a linear time-reversal invariant system that consists of damping and amplifying coordinate variables subjected to a harmonic oscillator potential. It is known that canonical quantization of the BDS in the underdamping region suffers from pathologies such as the non-stationary vacuum and the breakdown of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. In this paper, following a previous study that targeted the pathology-free massless BDS, the massive BDS is quantized by decomposing it into two independent effectively massless subsystems with reduced degrees of freedom. In each subsystem, the amplifying variable is the conjugate momentum of a damping variable that obeys a non-canonical quantization condition. By virtue of general scaling invariance including U(1), the variables in BDS are treated as non-self-adjoint without changing the total degrees of freedom. The physical states are constructed with time-reversal normalization and are shown to satisfy the time-independent uncertainty r.
A FUZZY PROBABILISTIC RELATIONAL DATABASE MODEL AND ALGEBRA

This paper introduces a complete extended relational data base model based on probability theory and fuzzy theory, called FPRDB, for representing and handling vague and uncertain information of objects in the real world applications. FPRDB is built by first extending probabilistic triples with fuzzy sets, associating the probability of such fuzzy sets for expressing and computing uncertain degree of imprecise information. Then, schemas, fuzzy probabilistic relations, fuzzy probabilistic functional dependencies and algebraic operations are defined coherently and consistently for FPRDB. A set of the properties of the probabilistic relational algebraic operations in FPRDB is also formulated and proven.
The Impact of Digital Economy on Total Factor
Carbon Productivity: Empirical Analysis Based on
Spatial and Mediating Effects

The digital economy has been considered a powerful weapon in addressing global warming. However, the “win-win” effect of the digital economy on economic development and carbon reduction is still unclear. With China’s provincial panel data from 2012 to 2019, this paper intends to explore the direct and spatial effects of the digital economy on total factor carbon productivity (TFCP), further revealing the influencing mechanism from the perspective of energy intensity. The results show that the digital economy contributes to boosting TFCP and this conclusion is robust after adopting some robustness tests and solving the endogeneity problem. Moreover, the impact of the digital economy on TFCP has significant positive spillovers. Finally, the digital economy can significantly boost TFCP through reducing the energy intensity. Considering the regional heterogeneity, the impact of the digital economy on TFCP is significantly positive in Mid-Eastern China, however, the impact is not significant in other areas. The above findings provide strong policy guidance for the region to boost the digital economy and TFCP comprehensively, thus stimulating the green transition of the economy.
Performance of AO predictive control in the presence of non-stationary turbulence

Current high contrast imaging systems are limited at small angular separations, preventing the direct imaging of Earth-size exoplanets close to their host stars. One primary cause of this is the performance of the extreme adaptive optics (AO) system which is dominated by the servo-lag error at small angular separations. Prediction can be used to help reduce this servo-lag error. Most AO systems today do not use predictive controllers (integral controller), resulting in a phase correction that is proportional to the current measured wavefront and does not take into account the evolution of the wavefront phase uctuations between measurement and correction. To improve upon this, we focus on the development of different predictive control strategies that estimate how the wavefront phase uctuations evolve over a time horizon equal to the servo-lag. Moreover, the statistical properties of the turbulence phase are non-stationary (change in time) which needs to be included in the AO analysis for high contrast imaging systems. First, we show that the non-stationary properties of the atmosphere can be modeled using a von Karman covariance function which can incorporate variations in time of the Fried parameter, outer scale, and wind velocity. Using this new disturbance model of turbulence, the performance of three different predictors-based on a steady state, a recursive, and an adaptive linear-minimum-mean-squareestimator (LMMSE)|is tested under non-stationary conditions. We feed the prediction algorithms wavefront slopes from a 11-by-11 subaperture Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. A 97 actuator deformable mirror applies the predictor's phase correction. We present the latest results of our simulations and compare our predictors with the common integrator. We show that under our varying wind conditions, the root-mean-square wavefront error can increase by a factor of two for both the integrator and our predictors. In our simulations, we do not observe an increase in performance using an exponential forgetting factor adaptive LMMSE.
Uniplanar Compact 180° Hybrid Coupler With Fast and Accurate Wide Power-Division Ratio Switching Ranges and Enhanced Bandwidth

In this article, a uniplanar compact 180° hybrid coupler with fast and accurate wide power division ratio (PDR) switching ranges and enhanced bandwidth is proposed. The structure consists of two novel 90° couplers, one wideband 90° phase shifter (PS), and two tunable p-i-n diode-based PSs. The key uniqueness is that a symmetrical compact wideband 90° coupler is presented as the core component. By using two three-folded-coupled lines and one unequal-width three-coupled line section, the proposed compact wideband 90° coupler can be fabricated without patterned ground plane or any lumped element. Compared with conventional two-section branch-line couplers, this new coupler not only effectively reduces the circuit size by 57.76% but also improves the bandwidth from 37% to 48.45%. Then, compared with the varactor-based couplers, by adding p-i-n diodes at the end of the quarter-wavelength lines, the proposed 180° tunable coupler finally features fast and accurate wide PDR switching ranges and wide bandwidth. Good performances in return loss, isolation, insertion loss, phase differences, and amplitude imbalances can be achieved for all states. For verification, a 90° coupler and a tunable 180° coupler are designed, simulated, and measured. The measured results match well with the simulated results, validating the proposed design theory.
Design of HSIPMM based on multi-physics fields

High-speed permanent magnet motors (HSPMM) have attracted much attention due to the inherent characteristics such as high-power density, small size, small inertia, and high response. HSPMM is a comprehensive and complex system of multidisciplinary cross-coupling such as electromagnetism, structural mechanics, rotor dynamic, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. Therefore, the design of HSPMM requires a multidisciplinary and integrated design approach. In this study, a 20 kW, 20,000 rpm HS interior PMM (HSIPMM) is designed based on multi-physics fields. To reduce the end length of winding, the back round winding type is adopted, compared with the common structure, it is found that the temperature rise of the stator used back round winding type can be reduced by 11.5%. Finally, the superiority of the proposed HSIPMM is proved by the experimental results, and the efficiency of the motor is about 96.1%.
Wide-Stopband Substrate Integrated Waveguide Filters Based on Single-Mode Cavities With Multiple-Cross Slots

A novel design method for wide-stopband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filters (BPF) is proposed, which is realized by combining TE102- and TE101-based single-mode cavities with multiple-cross slots (MCSs). To demonstrate the proposed method, a planar SIW BPF with MCSs is proposed firstly. The ingenious MCSs have no effect on resonant modes, but have a great impact on non-resonant modes resulting in staggered their resonances. Thus, the stopband performance can be improved significantly and unload quality factors are not deteriorated simultaneously. To realize size-reduced wide-stopband SIW filters, a multiple-layer SIW filter is proposed on the basis of the planar filter. Finally, two SIW filters are fabricated and measured to verify the performance of the proposed SIW filters and the design method.