Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition of Mesothelial Cells in Tuberculous Pleurisy

Purpose Tuberculous pleurisy is the most frequent extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis. In spite of adequate treatment, pleural fibrosis is a common complication, but the mechanism has not been elucidated. This study is to determine whether epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of mesothelial cells occurs in tuberculous pleurisy. Materials and Methods Normal pleural mesothelial cells, isolated from irrigation fluids during operations for primary spontaneous pneumothorax, were characterized by immunofluorescence and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These cells were treated in vitro with various cytokines, which were produced in the effluents of tuberculous pleurisy. The isolated cells from the effluents of tuberculous pleurisy were analyzed by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR analysis. Results The isolated cells from the irrigation fluid of primary spontaneous pneumothorax had epithelial characteristics. These cells, with transforming growth factor-β1 and/or interleukin-1β treatment, underwent phenotypic transition from epithelial to mesenchymal cells, with the loss of epithelial morphology and reduction in cytokeratin and E-cadherin expression. Effluent analysis from tuberculous pleurisy using immunofluorescence and RT-PCR demonstrated two phenotypes that showed mesenchymal characteristics and both epithelial & mesencymal characteristics. Conclusion Our results suggest that pleural mesothelial cells in tuberculous pleurisy have been implicated in pleural fibrosis through EMT.
Secure electronic business applications in mobile agent based networks using elliptic curve cryptosystems

Because the mobile agent can provide the essential properties of personalization, automation, intelligence, etc., it plays an increasingly important role in electronic business applications. As far as mobile agent security is concerned, we develop a proxy signature scheme for protecting mobile agents against malicious agent hosts. The proposed proxy signature scheme can protect users' private keys stored in smart cards, and provide the fairness of contracts signed by agents. In addition, we also design a proxy authenticated encryption scheme so that the signature of the contracts will satisfy users' constraints, and the non-repudiation of servers can be achieved. On the other hand, as far as agent host security is concerned, we apply the idea of proxy signature to construct an authentication scheme for protecting agent hosts. This scheme is to achieve the requirements of authentication and authorization. Hence, we affirm that the proposed security schemes are suitable for practical electronic business applications in mobile-agent-based network environments.
Portfolio Trading and Electronic Networks

Investors prefer to hold diversified combinations of assets. We take this dictum seriously and propose a bundle trading mechanism that would allow investors to trade diverse combinations of assets. The portfolio trading market is designed as an order-driven process where traders submit sealed orders. A mathematical algorithm is used to continuously match orders listed in a closed limit order book. This system is contrasted with existing systems which clear trades separately for each asset. We argue that efforts to develop complex clearing systems can be viewed as a part of an ongoing trend to exploit electronic networks to design trading systems that reflect the needs of the investment community.
Group classification of systems of non-linear reaction-diffusion equations with general diffusion matrix. III. Triangular diffusion matrix

Group classification of systems of two coupled nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation with a general diffusion matrix started in papers math-ph/0411027,, math-ph/0411028 is completed in present paper where all non-equivalent equations with triangular diffusion matrix are classified. In addition, symmetries of diffusion systems with nilpotent diffusion matrix and additional first order derivative terms are described.
An effective image shape feature detection and description method

To solve the problems of complexity and low robustness that exist in present image shape feature detection and description methods, a new image shape feature detection and description method is proposed. First, salient regions are detected using a method based on connected component. Then, a descriptor composed of Hu's moment invariants and eccentricity is used to descript the detected regions. Experiments show its effectiveness and robustness to translation, rotation and scaling.
Auditory-evoked far fields averaged from the scalp of humans.

AVERAGING, when used to extract extremely small signals from relatively high levels of background noise, allows detection of evoked potentials at surprisingly large distances from the site of neuronal activity. In animals, volume-conducted potentials from brain-stem auditory structures can be recorded throughout the brain (Grinnell, 1963; Bullock et ah, 1968; Jewett, 1970) and even from the scalp (Jewett, 1970). In humans, auditory-evoked potentials can be detected at the vertex due to neural activity from subcortical structures (Jewett, Romano and Williston, 1970) as well as from primary cortical areas (Vaughan and Ritter, 1970). Under the conditions of skull and scalp boundaries and intracranial inhomogeneities, recordings from a single electrode position offer little indication as to the location of a wave's neural generator(s), whereas multiple recording sites may be more informative.
XO-3b: A Massive Planet in an Eccentric Orbit Transiting an F5 V Star

We report the discovery of a massive planet (Mpsin i = 13.02 ± 0.64 MJ; total mass = 13.25 ± 0.64 MJ), large (1.95 ± 0.16 RJ) planet in a transiting, eccentric orbit (e = 0.260 ± 0.017) around a 10th magnitude F5 V star in the constellation Camelopardalis. We designate the planet XO-3b and the star XO-3, also known as GSC 03727–01064. The orbital period of XO-3b is 3.1915426 ± 0.00014 days. XO-3 lacks a trigonometric parallax; we estimate its distance to be 260 ± 23 pc. The radius of XO-3 is 2.13 ± 0.21 R☉, its mass is 1.41 ± 0.08 M☉, its vsin i = 18.54 ± 0.17 km s−1, and its metallicity is [ Fe/H ] = − 0.177 ± 0.027. This system is unusual for a number of reasons. XO-3b is one of the most massive planets discovered around any star for which the orbital period is less than 10 days. The mass is near the deuterium-burning limit of 13 MJ, which is a proposed boundary between planets and brown dwarfs. Although Burrows et al. propose that formation in a disk or formation in the interstellar medium in a manner similar to stars is a more logical way to differentiate planets and brown dwarfs, our current observations are not adequate to address this distinction. XO-3b is also unusual in that its eccentricity is large given its relatively short orbital period. Both the planetary radius and the inclination are functions of the spectroscopically determined stellar radius. Analysis of the transit light curve of XO-3b suggests that the spectroscopically derived parameters may be overestimated. Though relatively noisy, the light curves favor a smaller radius in order to better match the steepness of the ingress and egress. The light curve fits imply a planetary radius of 1.25 ± 0.15 RJ, which would correspond to a mass of 12.03 ± 0.46 MJ. A precise trigonometric parallax measurement or a very accurate light curve is needed to resolve the uncertainty in the planetary mass and radius.
Symbiotic Cache Resizing for CMPs with Shared LLC

This paper investigates the problem of finding the optimal sizes of private caches and a shared LLC in CMPs. Resizing private and shared caches in modern CMPs is one way to squeeze wasteful power consumption out of architectures to improve power efficiency. However, shrinking each private/shared cache has different impact on the performance loss and the power savings to the CMPs because each cache contributes differently to performance and power. It is ben eficial for both performance and power to shrink the LRU way of the private/shared cache which saves power most and increases data traffic least. This paper presents Symbiotic Cache Resizing (SCR), a runtime technique that reduces the total power consumption of the on-chip cache hierarchy in CMPs with a shared LLC. SCR turnoffs private/shared-cache ways in an inter-core an d inter-level manner so that each disabling achieves best pow er saving while maintaining high performance. SCR finds such optimal cache sizes by utilizing greedy algorithms that we develop in this study. In particular, Prioritized Way Selec tion picks the most power-inefficient way. LLC-Partitionin gaware Prioritized Way Selection finds optimal cache sizes from the multi-level perspective. Lastly, Weighted Thresh old Throttling finds optimal threshold per cache level. We evaluate SCR in two-core, four-core and eight-core systems. Results show that SCR saves 13% power in the on-chip cache hierarchy and 4.2% power in the system compared to an even LLC partitioning technique. SCR saves 2.7X more power in the cache hierarchy than the state-of-the-art LLC resizi ng technique while achieving better performance.
Dyarrheal Syndrome in a Patient Co-Infected with Leishmania infantum and Schistosoma mansoni

This case report describes an atypical clinical presentation of visceral leishmaniasis affecting the digestive tract and causing malabsorption syndrome in a patient without recognized immunosuppressive condition. After appropriate treatment for the classical visceral form of the disease, diarrhea persisted as the main symptom and massive infection by Leishmania was detected by histopathology analysis of the duodenal mucosa. Schistosoma mansoni coinfection was also confirmed and treated without impact on diarrhea. New course of amphotericin B finally led to complete improvement of diarrhea. Atypical visceral leishmaniasis involving the gastrointestinal tract is well recognized in HIV coinfection but very rare in immunocompetent patients. The factors determining the control or evolution of the Leishmania infection have not been completely identified. This case stresses the importance of atypical symptoms and the unusual location of visceral leishmaniasis, not only in immunodepressed patients, and raises the possible influence of chronic infection by S. mansoni reducing the immune response to Leishmania.
Theory of Carbon Nanotube (CNT)-Based Electron Field Emitters

Theoretical problems arising in connection with development and operation of electron field emitters on the basis of carbon nanotubes are reviewed. The physical aspects of electron field emission that underlie the unique emission properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered. Physical effects and phenomena affecting the emission characteristics of CNT cathodes are analyzed. Effects given particular attention include: the electric field amplification near a CNT tip with taking into account the shape of the tip, the deviation from the vertical orientation of nanotubes and electrical field-induced alignment of those; electric field screening by neighboring nanotubes; statistical spread of the parameters of the individual CNTs comprising the cathode; the thermal effects resulting in degradation of nanotubes during emission. Simultaneous consideration of the above-listed effects permitted the development of the optimization procedure for CNT array in terms of the maximum reachable emission current density. In accordance with this procedure, the optimum inter-tube distance in the array depends on the region of the external voltage applied. The phenomenon of self-misalignment of nanotubes in an array has been predicted and analyzed in terms of the recent experiments performed. A mechanism of degradation of CNT-based electron field emitters has been analyzed consisting of the bombardment of the emitters by ions formed as a result of electron impact ionization of the residual gas molecules.
Loss Probability of LRD and SRD Traffic in Generalized Processor Sharing Systems

Generalized processor sharing (GPS) is an efficient and flexible scheduling mechanism for sharing server capacity and providing differentiated quality-of-service (QoS) owing to its appealing properties of fairness, traffic isolation, and work conservation. This paper analytically investigates the loss probabilities of individual traffic flows in GPS systems subject to heterogeneous long-range dependent (LRD) and short-range dependent (SRD) traffic, which have not been studied in the open literature. We derive and validate the closed-form expressions of the loss probabilities of both traffic flows. We then evaluate the effects of Hurst parameter of LRD traffic on the performance of GPS systems in terms of traffic loss probability.
MAPFS_MAS: A Model of Interaction among Information Retrieval Agents

MAPFS is a parallel file system integrated with a multiagent system responsible for the information retrieval [2]. The use of a multiagent system implies coordination among the agents such system consists of. The principal goal of the agents cooperation is the interaction among such agents for achieving a common objective in a distributed system. MAPFS consists of two subsystems: (i) the MAPFS FS, which provides the parallel file system functionality and (ii) the MAPFS MAS, responsible for the information retrieval. The MAPFS MAS is an independent subsystem, which provides support to the major subsystem (MAPFS FS) in three different areas: (i) access to the information: This feature is the main task of the MAPFS MAS and consists of the information retrieval. The information is stored in the I/O nodes (a set of disks distributed among several nodes); (ii) caching service: MAPFS takes advantage of the temporal and spatial locality of data stored in the servers. Inside the MAPFS MAS, there are agents which manage this feature. These agents are named cache agents; and (iii) Fault tolerance service:Data distribution through a set of disks makes the system more vulnerable. For this reason, MAPFS must provide the fault tolerance feature. When we talk about fault tolerance in this work, we refer to data availability. For managing it, fault tolerance agents from the MAPFS MAS are used. With the aim of achieving these goals, the MAPFS MAS is constituted by a set of agents which interact among them, that is, a multiagent system (MAS). On the other hand, the files are stored finally in several servers, which constitute the server-side of the underlying architecture. The grouping of servers from a logical point of view in MAPFS is denominated storage group. There are two hierarchies in MAPFS: (i) several file servers form a storage group and (ii) several agents (more precisely, a multiagent system) form the infrastructure that gives support to a server. Therefore, there are several MAS belonging to a storage group. In this sense, there are also two cooperation levels: (i) cooperation inside a MAS and (ii) cooperation between two different MAS. This paper describes the coordination features of MAPFS.
Positive psychotherapy training on self-acceptance and positive relationships among female students

Positive interventions, which focus on the positive aspects and strengths of people, are relatively new types of interventions in psychology. The purpose of this research is to make a positive impression of psychotherapy on psychological welfare of students of Payame Noor University in Dezful. Therefore, about 28 students were selected and assigned in control and experimental groups by random replacement. Instrument riffs and hypotheses were studied by covariance analysis study extraversion. The research hypothesises have been studied by using covariance analysis. The results showed that positive psychotherapy training on self-acceptance and positive relations with other students is meaningfully effective. Keywords: Positive psychotherapy, self-acceptance, positive relations
Interleukin 4–Producing Cd4 T Cells Arise from Different Precursors Depending on the Conditions of Antigen Exposure in Vivo

The precursor origin of T helper (Th) cell subsets in vivo has been difficult to study and remains poorly investigated. We have previously shown that chronic administration of soluble protein antigen induces selective development of antigen-specific CD4 Th2 cells in genetically predisposed mouse strains. To analyze the origin of effector T cells in this model, we designed a competitive polymerase chain reaction–based approach to track public BV-J rearrangement expressed by CD4 T cells specific for hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) in BALB/c mice. We show that public T cell clones are predominantly associated with type 1 or 2 effector Th cells recovered after primary immunization in complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant, respectively. Conversely, continuous administration of soluble antigen, which induces strong memory Th2 response, is associated with a dose-dependent reduction of public clone size by a mechanism resembling clonal anergy. Thus, soluble HEL–induced Th2 cells do not express the public complementarity determining region 3 motifs characteristic of immunogenic challenge in the presence of adjuvant. These results demonstrate that there are multiple pathways of induction of Th2 responses depending on the condition of antigen exposure in vivo, i.e., clonal immune deviation versus recruitment of a different pool of precursor cells.
Lithography-induced limits to scaling of design quality

Quality and value of an IC product are functions of power, performance, area, cost and reliability. The forthcoming 2013 ITRS roadmap observes that while manufacturers continue to enable potential Moore’s Law scaling of layout densities, the “realizable” scaling in competitive products has for some years been significantly less. In this paper, we consider aspects of the question, “To what extent should this scaling gap be blamed on lithography? ” Non-ideal scaling of layout densities has been attributed to (i) layout restrictions associated with multi-patterning technologies (SADP, LELE, LELELE), as well as (ii) various ground rule and layout style choices that stem from misalignment, reliability, variability, device architecture, and electrical performance vs. power constraints. Certain impacts seem obvious, e.g., loss of 2D flexibility and new line-end placement constraints with SADP, or algorithmically intractable layout stitching and mask coloring formulations with LELELE. However, these impacts may well be outweighed by weaknesses in design methodology and tooling. Arguably, the industry has entered a new era in which many new factors – (i) standard-cell library architecture, and layout guardbanding for automated place-and-route: (ii) performance model guardbanding and signoff analyses: (iii) physical design and manufacturing handoff algorithms spanning detailed placement and routing, stitching and RET; and (iv) reliability guardbanding – all contribute, hand in hand with lithography, to a newly-identified “design capability gap”. How specific aspects of process and design enablements limit the scaling of design quality is a fundamental question whose answer must guide future RandD investment at the design-manufacturing interface. terface.
Automatic Registration of Terrestrial Laser Scanning Point Clouds using Panoramic Reflectance Images

This paper presents a new approach to the automatic registration of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) point clouds using panoramic reflectance images. The approach follows a two-step procedure that includes both pair-wise registration and global registration. The pair-wise registration consists of image matching (pixel-to-pixel correspondence) and point cloud registration (point-to-point correspondence), as the correspondence between the image and the point cloud (pixel-to-point) is inherent to the reflectance images. False correspondences are removed by a geometric invariance check. The pixel-to-point correspondence and the computation of the rigid transformation parameters (RTPs) are integrated into an iterative process that allows for the pair-wise registration to be optimised. The global registration of all point clouds is obtained by a bundle adjustment using a circular self-closure constraint. Our approach is tested with both indoor and outdoor scenes acquired by a FARO LS 880 laser scanner with an angular resolution of 0.036° and 0.045°, respectively. The results show that the pair-wise and global registration accuracies are of millimetre and centimetre orders, respectively, and that the process is fully automatic and converges quickly.
The Formation of Anthocyanic Vacuolar Inclusions in Arabidopsis thaliana and Implications for the Sequestration of Anthocyanin Pigments

Anthocyanins are flavonoid pigments that accumulate in the large central vacuole of most plants. Inside the vacuole, anthocyanins can be found uniformly distributed or as part of sub-vacuolar pigment bodies, the Anthocyanic Vacuolar Inclusions (AVIs). Using Arabidopsis seedlings grown under anthocyanin-inductive conditions as a model to understand how AVIs are formed, we show here that the accumulation of AVIs strongly correlates with the formation of cyanidin 3-glucoside (C3G) and derivatives. Arabidopsis mutants that fail to glycosylate anthocyanidins at the 5-O position (5gt mutant) accumulate AVIs in almost every epidermal cell of the cotyledons, as compared to wild-type seedlings, where only a small fraction of the cells show AVIs. A similar phenomenon is observed when seedlings are treated with vanadate. Highlighting a role for autophagy in the formation of the AVIs, we show that various mutants that interfere with the autophagic process (atg mutants) display lower numbers of AVIs, in addition to a reduced accumulation of anthocyanins. Interestingly, vanadate increases the numbers of AVIs in the atg mutants, suggesting that several pathways might participate in AVI formation. Taken together, our results suggest novel mechanisms for the formation of sub-vacuolar compartments capable of accumulating anthocyanin pigments.
A novel calibration approach based on recurrent neural network for vehicle Weigh-In-Motion system

The data processing in Weigh-In-Motion(WIM) is much more complicated, especially in data calibration of the system, because of complicated external environment. In this paper, we proposed a novel calibration approach for vehicle weigh-in motion system, based on a recurrent network, Elman network. Aiming at this complexity, a recurrent network-Elman network was applied to implement data fusion of the main factors influencing the measuring precision in WIM signals for removing environmental interference and correcting non-linearity. Elman network being discussed in this paper contains context layer with a feedback branch from hidden layer to context layer. The simulated results proved that using Elman network for WIM data correction has faster convergence speed and superior dynamic character than using Back Propagation(BP) and Radial Basis Function(RBF) networks. And the accuracy satisfies the requirement of the ASTM WIM system classification III (standard E1318-94).