Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution Patterns: Designing and Reusing Architectural Evolution Knowledge to Introduce Architectural Styles

Software architectures are critical in the successful development and evolution of software-intensive systems. While formal and automated support for architectural descriptions has been widely addressed, their evolution is equally crucial, but significantly less well-understood and supported. In order to face a recurring evolution need, we introduce the concept of evolution pattern. It formalises an architectural evolution through both a set of concepts and a reusable evolution process. We propose it through the recurring need of introducing an architectural style on existing software architectures. We formally describe and analyse the feasibility of architectural evolution patterns, and provide a practical validation by implementing them in COSABuilder, an Eclipse plugin for the COSA architectural description language.
School-age outcomes in children who were extremely low birth weight from four international population-based cohorts.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether learning and school problems in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and reference children differ between cohorts in different countries. METHODS Participants were 4 international population-based cohorts of ELBW survivors who were 500 to 1000 g birth weight from New Jersey, central-west Ontario, Bavaria, and Holland (n = 532) and were followed longitudinally from birth. Psychometric data were collected independently and prospectively and included at least 1 measure of cognitive status and 1 measure of achievement administered to the children between the ages of 8 and 11 years. Adjustments were made for comparison of all measures based on reference norms within each country. Information on special educational assistance and grade repetition was obtained from the parents. RESULTS The overall follow-up rate was 84% (range: 74%-90%; n = 436). The proportion of children who performed within the normal range (> or =85) were as follows: IQ between 44% and 62%; reading between 46% and 81%; arithmetic between 31% and 76%; and spelling between 39% and 65%. Children from New Jersey had the lowest rates of cognitive and achievement deficits, and Bavarian children did less well in achievement scores relative to their peers and other cohorts. Despite these differences, more than half of all cohorts required special educational assistance and/or repeated a grade. CONCLUSIONS School difficulties were found to be a serious sequelae of ELBW in all 4 countries, an observation that has social and economic implications.
That's news to me: the influence of perceived gratifications and personal experience on news sharing in social media

Sharing news is a popular activity in social media and influence both individuals and society. However, little empirical research has been conducted to explore the motivations underlying users' news sharing behavior. Adopting the uses and gratifications perspective, this study examined the role of gratification factors and user experience in explaining users' news sharing intention on social media. Hierarchical regression was employed to analyze the data collected from 144 undergraduate and graduate students. The results show that status seeking was the strongest motivation in predicting news sharing intention, followed by sociality and informativeness. However, entertainment/escapism was not a significant predictor in contrast to prior work. Further, we examined user experience in predicting news sharing intention and identified it as a significant factor.
Changes of oscillatory activity in pitch processing network and related tinnitus relief induced by acoustic CR neuromodulation

Chronic subjective tinnitus is characterized by abnormal neuronal synchronization in the central auditory system. As shown in a controlled clinical trial, acoustic coordinated reset (CR) neuromodulation causes a significant relief of tinnitus symptoms along with a significant decrease of pathological oscillatory activity in a network comprising auditory and non-auditory brain areas, which is often accompanied with a significant tinnitus pitch change. Here we studied if the tinnitus pitch change correlates with a reduction of tinnitus loudness and/or annoyance as assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) scores. Furthermore, we studied if the changes of the pattern of brain synchrony in tinnitus patients induced by 12 weeks of CR therapy depend on whether or not the patients undergo a pronounced tinnitus pitch change. Therefore, we applied standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) to EEG recordings from two groups of patients with a sustained CR-induced relief of tinnitus symptoms with and without tinnitus pitch change. We found that absolute changes of VAS loudness and VAS annoyance scores significantly correlate with the modulus, i.e., the absolute value, of the tinnitus pitch change. Moreover, as opposed to patients with small or no pitch change we found a significantly stronger decrease in gamma power in patients with pronounced tinnitus pitch change in right parietal cortex (Brodmann area, BA 40), right frontal cortex (BA 9, 46), left temporal cortex (BA 22, 42), and left frontal cortex (BA 4, 6), combined with a significantly stronger increase of alpha (10–12 Hz) activity in the right and left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC; BA 32, 24). In addition, we revealed a significantly lower functional connectivity in the gamma band between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA 46) and the right ACC (BA 32) after 12 weeks of CR therapy in patients with pronounced pitch change. Our results indicate a substantial, CR-induced reduction of tinnitus-related auditory binding in a pitch processing network.
Individual Placement and Support (IPS) for persons with severe mental illness -Outcomes of a randomised controlled trial in Sweden

In the light of the limited research on the subject of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) in a Swedish context, this thesis has contributed with knowledge of the effectiveness and experiences of IPS among persons with severe mental illness (SMI) living in Sweden. The thesis has also provided information about the work motivation among those persons with SMI who seek vocational support by IPS. The results revealed that IPS participation can provide a means for obtaining competitive employment, becoming integrated in the community and promoting personal recovery among the participants. The findings indicated that IPS was five times faster in supporting persons with SMI to obtain a competitive employment, as compared to traditional vocational rehabilitation (TVR). The IPS participants were also found to work significantly more hours and weeks, to have longer job tenure periods and better income in comparison to the TVR participants. In addition to obtaining competitive employment, the IPS group became more integrated in community mainstream settings by their gaining internship or studies. By the end of the trial the IPS group perceived higher quality of life and was more empowered than the TVR group. During IPS, the participants were shown to have maintained their work motivation. Furthermore, it was shown amongst the participants that a higher level of occupational engagement was found to be the most important factor for having a high work motivation. Having the motivation to work was also experienced, by the participants as a facilitator during IPS along with the particular skills and empowering approach of the employment specialist. Thus, participating in IPS and having support from an employment specialist brought feelings of hope and meaning to the participants who experienced their relationship with the employment specialist to be a partnership and something beyond the ordinary. To achieve their goals of obtaining competitive employment however, the participants also stated that they needed the parallel support of significant others in the IPS support network. The results in the present thesis support the earlier research findings of the advantage of IPS over TVR and further underpin the recommendation by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare to implement IPS in the country’s mental health care and municipality services.
Application of Acoustoelasticity to Evaluate Nonlinear Modulus in Ex Vivo Kidneys

Currently, dynamic elastography techniques estimate the linear elastic shear modulus of different body tissues. New methods that investigate other properties of soft tissues such as anisotropy, viscosity, and shear nonlinearity would provide more information about the structure and function of the tissue and might provide a better contrast than tissue stiffness and hence provide more effective diagnostic tools for some diseases. It has previously been shown that shear wave velocity in a medium changes due to an applied stress, a phenomenon called acoustoelasticity (AE). Applying a stress to compress a medium while measuring the shear wave velocity versus strain provides data with which the third-order nonlinear shear modulus <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$A$ </tex-math></inline-formula> can be estimated. To evaluate the feasibility of estimating <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$A$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, we evaluated ten <italic>ex vivo</italic> porcine kidneys embedded in 10% porcine gelatin to mimic the case of a transplanted kidney. Under assumptions of an elastic incompressible medium for AE measurements, the shear modulus was quantified at each compression level and the applied strain was assessed by measuring the change in the thickness of the kidney cortex. Finally, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$A$ </tex-math></inline-formula> was calculated by applying the AE theory. Our results demonstrated that it is possible to estimate a nonlinear shear modulus by monitoring the changes in strain and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mu }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> due to kidney deformation. The magnitudes of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$A$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are higher when the compression is performed progressively and when using a plate attached to the transducer. Nevertheless, the values obtained for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$A$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are similar to those previously reported in the literature for breast tissue.
Explorer Fish scales and SNP chips : SNP genotyping and allele frequency estimation in individual and pooled DNA from historical samples of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar )

Background: DNA extracted from historical samples is an important resource for understanding genetic consequences of anthropogenic influences and long-term environmental change. However, such samples generally yield DNA of a lower amount and quality, and the extent to which DNA degradation affects SNP genotyping success and allele frequency estimation is not well understood. We conducted high density SNP genotyping and allele frequency estimation in both individual DNA samples and pooled DNA samples extracted from dried Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) scales stored at room temperature for up to 35 years, and assessed genotyping success, repeatability and accuracy of allele frequency estimation using a high density SNP genotyping array. Results: In individual DNA samples, genotyping success and repeatability was very high (> 0.973 and > 0.998, respectively) in samples stored for up to 35 years; both increased with the proportion of DNA of fragment size > 1000 bp. In pooled DNA samples, allele frequency estimation was highly repeatable (Repeatability = 0.986) and highly correlated with empirical allele frequency measures (Mean Adjusted R = 0.991); allele frequency could be accurately estimated in > 95% of pooled DNA samples with a reference group of at least 30 individuals. SNPs located in polyploid regions of the genome were more sensitive to DNA degradation: older samples had lower genotyping success at these loci, and a larger reference panel of individuals was required to accurately estimate allele frequencies. Conclusions: SNP genotyping was highly successful in degraded DNA samples, paving the way for the use of degraded samples in SNP genotyping projects. DNA pooling provides the potential for large scale population genetic studies with fewer assays, provided enough reference individuals are also genotyped and DNA quality is properly assessed beforehand. We provide recommendations for future studies intending to conduct high-throughput SNP genotyping and allele frequency estimation in historical samples.
Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation to Incorporate Domain Knowledge with Concept based Approach for Automatic Topic Detection

In the past couple of years multi-topic summarization is a research investigation that has expanded much attention. There has been a variety of effort on generating natural language summaries for variety of topics, but this is feasible only for a very small number of topics. In this research paper the method trying to provide automatic detection of topics to be summarized that is can determine how many topics should be chosen for automatic summarization. This is effectively done through the combined efficient framework of ontology based and non ontology based systems will be optimistic for the excellence of topic summary. To achieve this propose to apply latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model for capturing the semantic information on topic transcription. LDA is a generative model and defines a probabilistic method for generating a new document. The LDA model is utilized for estimating topic sharing in queries and word recorded topic documents, and the identical is performed at the topic level. Concept based topic matching between query words and topic documents are performed using ontology based and non ontology based matching algorithm. The results of topic level matching methods are evaluated between the automatic topic detection method and predefined topic detection mechanism along with the experimental results shown to be complementary.
Trust on online social networking media friends of ‘Generation Y’ : a multi-item measurement scale

Trust is a key construct in marketing and consumer behaviour studies. Identification and confirmation of the measurement variables of the ‘trust’ construct in relation to generation Y’s online social networking friends is critical for further theory building in the field. In this research a multistage approach has been followed to identify and confirm the measurement variables of trust on online social networking friends of generation Y. These measurement items can now form the basis for various further researches, particularly in online social networking media involvement of generation Y, electronic word of mouth, attitude development and consumer behaviour.
SERVICE AND ITALIAN ECONOMIC GROWTH ( 1950-1971 ) By

The paper investigates the role of service sector in Italy during the “Golden Age” (1950-1971), to ascertain whether some branches of service grew more than others, driving the growth of the entire sector, and which was eventually the integration among them. Using time series techniques, it finds, firstly, that there is no branch of services driving the dynamics of the entire sector, but their evolution depends on a common external shock, the high rate of growth of the GDP per capita. Secondly, it finds that the selected service branches show quite few and weak links among themselves at most 2 links, as shown by Business Services, Trade and Communication confirming the existence of an “external”, common force driving all of them. Thirdly, it finds that all branches show a link with Transport and Communication, which therefore are “Granger caused” by all of other branches. This means that the expansion of the diffusion of mass production in manufacturing, especially in automobile industry, enlarged the demand for all services, which, on their turn, asked for more Transport and communication services. First draft – Do not quote without permission Paper presented to the EBHA Conference, 2004, Barcelona, September 2004.
Do they narrate in same vocabulary?: the result of core vocabulary investigation from children with/without asperger syndrome in Taiwan

In this study, we investigated the core vocabulary used by children with or without asperger syndrome. Ten children with asperger syndrome and their peers participated in this investigation. The language samples were collected from their story retelling after watching two cartoon films. The language sample was analyzed to report the total number of words, total number of different word (TND), and number of spoken words used to make up 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% of the sample for each group. The amount of core vocabulary was less than 200 for children with asperger syndrome and their peers as well. In addition, the commonality of the two groups was also high.
Subproteomic analysis of basic proteins in aged skeletal muscle following offgel pre-fractionation

The progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass is a serious pathophysiological problem in the elderly, which warrants detailed biochemical studies into the underlying mechanism of age-related fiber degeneration. Over the last few years, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has identified a considerable number of new biomarkers of muscle aging in humans and animal models of sarcopenia. However, interpretation of the proteomic findings is often complicated by technical and biological limitations. Although gel electrophoresis-based approaches represent a highly sensitive analytical way for the large-scale and high-throughput survey of global changes in skeletal muscle proteins during aging, often the presence of components with an isoelectric point in the basic range is underestimated. We, therefore, carried out a comparative subproteomic study of young versus aged rat muscle focusing on potential changes in muscle proteins with an alkaline isoelectric point, using a combination of offgel electrophoresis and two-dimensional (2D) slab gel electrophoresis. Offgel electrophoresis was successfully applied as a prefractionation step to enrich basic protein species from crude tissue extracts representing young adult versus senescent muscle specimens. Proteomics has demonstrated alterations in a small cohort of basic proteins during muscle aging. The mass spectrometric identification of altered proteins and immunoblotting revealed a decrease in the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and a concomitant increase in mitochondrial creatine kinase (CK) and ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase. This agrees with the idea of a glycolytic-to-oxidative shift during muscle aging, which is indicative of an overall fast-to-slow transition process in senescent rat muscle. Thus, alterations in the abundance of metabolic enzymes appear to play a central role in the molecular pathogenesis of age-dependent muscle wasting.
A massive MIMO terminal concept based on small‐size multi‐mode antennas

In this tutorial, a novel variation of massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) is proposed, dubbed multi‐mode massive MIMO. A key feature is an advanced antenna design suitable for small‐scale user terminals like smartphones. Unlike traditional antenna layouts employing a single‐antenna port per antenna element, multiple orthogonal modes shall be excited on a conductive body, like the printed circuit board. This antenna conception is motivated by the theory of characteristic modes for conductive bodies. Each mode can be assigned with an individual antenna port, and all antenna ports can be fed independently. In conjunction with suitable baseband processing, unique features, such as single‐mode beamforming, can be exploited. Most importantly, some bottlenecks of conventional massive MIMO in conjunction with single‐antenna terminals like single‐stream processing on the uplink and pilot contamination on the downlink can be improved. Performance results for a three‐port prototype multi‐mode antenna support the feasibility of the proposed concept. The terminal concept is suitable in context of the upcoming fifth mobile radio generation (5G) and for ultra‐fast (100 Gbps) wireless internet access among other applications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Engagement With Self‐Practice/Self‐Reflection as a Professional Development Activity: The Role of Therapist Beliefs

A number of research studies support self‐practice/self‐reflection (SP/SR) as an experiential learning process that facilitates the acquisition of therapeutic skill in a number of cognitive‐behavioural therapy (CBT) competencies and as showing potential as a valuable professional development activity. Engaging therapists to participate in SP/SR programmes is sometimes difficult, and when they are offered the option to participate in SP/SR programmes as part of professional development, relatively few volunteer. This study investigates the role of therapist beliefs about SP/SR as a potential obstacle to engagement. An online survey was developed to assess the strength of 14 commonly held therapist beliefs concerning the consequences of participating voluntarily in a SP/SR programme. Participants were a combined sample of 44 Psychological Wellbeing Practitioners and high‐intensity CBT therapists employed by an Improving Access to Psychological Therapies service in the United Kingdom. Few negative beliefs about SP/SR emerged. The majority of respondents believed SP/SR programmes were relevant to their work situation, but perceived “lack of time” as a significant barrier to participation. Three factors are considered in relation to introducing SP/SR as a workforce professional development activity: (a) The importance of managing therapist perceptions regarding time; (b) SP/SR as a mechanism to increase self‐care and reduce burnout; and (c) The need to focus mental health services' attention on the potential of SP/SR programmes to increase staff morale and improve service delivery.
Mechanism of Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging by Rebamipide: Identification of Mono-hydroxylated Rebamipide as a Major Reaction Product

Rebamipide, an antiulcer agent, is known as a potent hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenger. In the present study, we further characterized the scavenging effect of rebamipide against •OH generated by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and identified the reaction products to elucidate the mechanism of the reaction. Scavenging effect of rebamipide was accessed by ESR using DMPO as a •OH-trapping agent after UVB exposure (305 nm) to H2O2 for 1 min in the presence of rebamipide. The signal intensity of •OH adduct of DMPO (DMPO-OH) was markedly reduced by rebamipide in a concentration-dependent fashion as well as by dimethyl sulfoxide and glutathione as reference radical scavengers. Their second order rate constant values were 5.62 × 1010, 8.16 × 109 and 1.65 × 1010 M-1 s-1, respectively. As the rebamipide absorption spectrum disappeared during the reaction, a new spectrum grew due to generation of rather specific reaction product. The reaction product was characterized by LC-MS/MS and NMR measurements. Finally, a hydroxylated rebamipide at the 3-position of the 2(1H)-quinolinone nucleus was newly identified as the major product exclusively formed in the reaction between rebamipide and the •OH generated by UVB/H2O2. Specific formation of this product explained the molecular characteristics of rebamipide as a potential •OH scavenger.