Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Challenges faced by health volunteers in comprehensive health centers in the southwest of Iran: A qualitative content analysis

Introduction:Health volunteers are employed to execute governmental health promotion programs in most countries around the world. The present study aimed to assess the challenges of health volunteers program to provide a better understanding of the present situation. Methods:This study was conducted using a qualitative approach. 14 participants were selected purposively selected from two comprehensive health care centers in the southwest of Iran. The data were collected through 14 semi-structured interviews, 2 observations, and 3 diaries and analyzed using content analysis. Results:Data analysis resulted in emergence four themes, namely role confusion, the inefficiency of volunteers training, the inefficiency of attraction and maintenance of volunteers, and being unknown to people. Unfertilized capacity is the main theme extracted from all themes. Conclusion:Health volunteers’ perfect accomplishment of roles will have a positive impact on the provision of primary healthcare services and health objectives. Hence, comprehensive planning based on the needs of health volunteers will change them into a strong arm in the health system. Thus, managerial support and precise planning seem to be necessary for facing these challenges.
Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Is Activated in the Endothelium of Retinal Microvessels in Diabetic Mice

The pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains unclear but hyperglycemia is an established risk factor. Endothelial dysfunction and changes in Ca2+ signaling have been shown to precede the onset of DR. We recently demonstrated that high extracellular glucose activates the Ca2+/calcineurin-dependent transcription factor NFAT in cerebral arteries and aorta, promoting the expression of inflammatory markers. Here we show, using confocal immunofluorescence, that NFAT is expressed in the endothelium of retinal microvessels and is readily activated by high glucose. This was inhibited by the NFAT blocker A-285222 as well as by the ectonucleotidase apyrase, suggesting a mechanism involving the release of extracellular nucleotides. Acute hyperglycemia induced by an IP-GTT (intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test) resulted in increased NFATc3 nuclear accumulation and NFAT-dependent transcriptional activity in retinal vessels of NFAT-luciferase reporter mice. In both Akita (Ins2+/−) and streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic mice, NFAT transcriptional activity was elevated in retinal vessels. In vivo inhibition of NFAT with A-285222 decreased the expression of OPN and ICAM-1 mRNA in retinal vessels, prevented a diabetes driven downregulation of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in retina, and abrogated the increased vascular permeability observed in diabetic mice. Results identify NFAT signaling as a putative target for treatment of microvascular complications in diabetes.
SHOW AND TELL : A Seamlessly Integrated Tool For Searching with Image Content And Text

In this paper, an image search tool that combines keyword and image content feature querying and search is presented. The developed search tool tries to bridge the gap between commercial search engines, which are based on keyword search, and CBIR (Content Based Image Retrieval) systems developed mostly in the academic field, designed to search based on image content. The tool is implemented by building on and extending the open source text-based search engine Nutch and its powerful Lucene based crawling and indexing capabilities. Several user friendly search options are provided to allow users to query the index using not only words, but also by showing an image example, as well as image feature descriptions. Even though we evaluate the developed tool by running a set of controlled experiments on the COREL’ 5000 image database, the developed search tool is able to crawl images from the World Wide Web at a larger scale.
TWO BOUNDARY BASED DISPATCHING RULE FOR ON-TIME DELIVERY AND THROUGHPUT OF WAFER FABS WITH DEDICATION CONSTRAINTS

Presented in this paper is a dispatching rule to achieve the on-time delivery and throughput for a semiconductor wafer fabrication (FAB) with dedication constraint. It is necessary to improve throughput of production system as well as on-time delivery to make semiconductor companies more competitive. To be successful in the globalized competition, most of the companies have applied a concept of the production target which is defined as the quantity of production to be achieved for each day. Also, it is necessary to consider natural bias that significantly affects the alignment of patterns between different photolithography steps. As the natural bias has a negative effect on the quality and yield of products, most manufacturers have applied dedication constraint. If the dedication constraint is no managed properly, it may decrease the utilization of the photo machines related to the performance of wafer FAB. To overcome the problem, we propose the two boundary based dispatching rule considering the dedication constraint. The simulation model based on MIMAC6 was developed to prove the performance of this proposed dispatching rule, and conducted a simulation by using MOZART ® . The simulation results clearly show the advantages of the proposed dispatching rule over the other dispatching rules.
Model based clustering analysis of 16 S rRNA sequence

With the advances in next-generation sequencing technology, 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences are increasingly being used to interpret the phytogenetic relationship between organism. A common research question is the taxonomy independent analysis where sequences are clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) to estimate microbial communities in given environmental samples. Most existing clustering methods for 16S rRNA gene sequences are computing intensive and the results often subjectively depend on some user-set parameters, which often leads to a wide range of clustering results that are hard to interpret. To address these challenges, we propose a flexible and efficient gaussian mixture model combined with multidimensional scaling (called GMM-MDS) to cluster 16S rRNA sequences for OTU prediction. The proposed model requires no user-set parameters and produces the clustering results objectively and adaptively based on the data. Through applications to public datasets and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed method performs competitively compared to the existing methods.
Searching for Serendipitous Analogies

Analogical reasoning is an acknowledged process behind many episodes of creativity. Typically, the creator chances upon information unrelated to the given problem – and solves the problem by analogy with this accidental source of inspiration. Current models of analogical retrieval do not explain how semantically unrelated source domains are retrieved. We present the RADAR algorithm that maps domains into a separate structure space, where domains with similar topological attributes are colocated. Each axis in structure space records the occurrence frequency of that feature in each domain. Nearest neighbour retrieval in structure space identifies structurally similar domains - from a diversity of semantic backgrounds. Structure based retrieval opens the possibility for creating an analogy model with far greater creativity potential than human reasoning.
Psychotherapie der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach sexuellem Missbrauch:

Zusammenfassung Die Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach sexuellem Missbrauch wird kontrovers diskutiert. Im deutschsprachigen Raum ist ein psychodynamisch-orientiertes Vorgehen mit langer Stabilisierung vor der Exposition verbreitet. Die Anzahl randomisiert kontrollierter Studien zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach sexuellem Missbrauch ist klein. Die Evidenz aus den vorliegenden Studien zeigt, dass kognitiv-behaviorale traumafokussierende Programme mit überwiegend großen Effektstärken sehr wirksam sind. Dagegen fanden sich in 2 kontrollierten Studien zur psychodynamisch-orientierten Traumatherapie kleine Effekte auf die posttraumatische Symptomatik. Hohe Abbruchraten bei der Prolongierten Exposition, insbesondere bei Patienten mit komorbider Persönlichkeitsstörung, sprechen dafür, bei diesen Patienten ein Training der Emotionsregulation vorzuschalten. Zukünftige Studien sollten Subgruppenanalysen durchführen und unerwünschte Effekte im Therapieverlauf erfassen.
Relational dynamics in same-sex couples with Intimate Partner Violence:coming out as a protective factor

The aim of this article is to participate in the debate on the phenomenon of violence in intimate relationships; a path of dominance and control, often accompanied by abusive behaviour and power . In particular , we would like to refer to violence in same-sex relationships , where this important role can be detected both from the relational asymmetry of the partner and also from the threat of a possible outing . It is a widespread phenomenon, yet not sufficiently taken into account, due to the invisibility in which homosexuals live. The inability to come out, is often hampered by sexual prejudices present in many societies – a situation that creates conditions for a lack of a social support network. This leads to the tendency of the parties concerned to fail to occupy defined positions in the identification of the dynamics of inner conflict, as well as to highlight aspects of the couple relationship by minimising the danger of the aggressive behaviour of the male/female partner. Official data relating to the issue in Italy underlines the need to combat the phenomenon effectively by integrating interventions with timely and coordinated actions in the social, educational , informational and political environment in relation to sexual discrimination .
Analysing Personal Characteristics of Lone-Actor Terrorists: Research Findings and Recommendations

This Research Note presents the outcome of a project that looked at the personal characteristics of lone-actor terrorists. It is part of the larger Countering Lone-Actor Terrorism (CLAT) project. The project described here aimed to improve understanding of, and responses to, the phenomenon of (potentially) violent lone-actors based on an analysis of 120 cases from across Europe. The Research Note focuses on the personal characteristics of lone-actor terrorists. First of all, it presents the main findings of the general analysis of the study into personal variables of lone-actor terrorists. Subsequently, the authors outline a set of recommendations based on the key findings. In the beginning, we present the main research questions of the CLAT project and the working definition of lone-actor terrorism.
Graph-Driven Diffusion and Random Walk Schemes for Image Segmentation

We propose graph-driven approaches to image segmentation by developing diffusion processes defined on arbitrary graphs. We formulate a solution to the image segmentation problem modeled as the result of infectious wavefronts propagating on an image-driven graph, where pixels correspond to nodes of an arbitrary graph. By relating the popular susceptible-infected-recovered epidemic propagation model to the Random Walker algorithm, we develop the normalized random walker and a lazy random walker variant. The underlying iterative solutions of these methods are derived as the result of infections transmitted on this arbitrary graph. The main idea is to incorporate a degree-aware term into the original Random Walker algorithm in order to account for the node centrality of every neighboring node and to weigh the contribution of every neighbor to the underlying diffusion process. Our lazy random walk variant models the tendency of patients or nodes to resist changes in their infection status. We also show how previous work can be naturally extended to take advantage of this degree-aware term, which enables the design of other novel methods. Through an extensive experimental analysis, we demonstrate the reliability of our approach, its small computational burden and the dimensionality reduction capabilities of graph-driven approaches. Without applying any regular grid constraint, the proposed graph clustering scheme allows us to consider pixel-level, node-level approaches, and multidimensional input data by naturally integrating the importance of each node to the final clustering or segmentation solution. A software release containing implementations of this paper and supplementary material can be found at: http://cvsp.cs. ntua.gr/research/GraphClustering/.
Multi-attribute Sentiment Classification using Topics

Rich, human-understandable models of sentiment are requisite of any application of sentiment analysis beyond the purely computational. Recent advances in sentiment analysis have seen numerous corpora being developed which allow for richer modelling of opinion phenomena in text. This paper describes two new corpora designed to provide annotation of “high-level” sentiment attributes for reviews in two domains. Methods for distinguishing the sentiment of these attributes using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) are investigated, and the results presented not only show an increase in accuracy over a bag-of-words (BOW) baseline, but also provide significant explanatory power, which would aid applications of sentiment analysis such as eLearning.
Mantle hotspot neon in basalts from the Northwest Lau Back‐arc Basin

The neon isotope compositions of basalts from the Northwest Lau Back‐arc Basin reflect three‐component mixing between an ocean island basalt (OIB) mantle hotspot component, mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB) mantle, and atmosphere. Our study confirms that a mantle hotspot signature is present in the neon isotopes of both the Rochambeau Rifts and the Northwest Lau Spreading Center (NWLSC), just as it is in the helium isotopes. Furthermore, the Ne isotope signature in the Rochambeau Rifts lava having the highest3He/4He ratio (28 Ra) most closely resembles that observed previously in the highest 3He/4He lavas from Samoa. The coupled He–Ne isotope systematics are further evidence for incursion into this region of material derived from the Samoan mantle plume.
Towards a General Theory of Agricultural Knowledge Production: Environmental, Social, and Didactic Learning

Social scientists and input producers alike have seen farmer decision making as driven by environmental learning based on experimentation and empirical observation. A more robust body of theory influenced by behavioral ecology sees a major role for social learning based on emulation of models selected on social criteria, although the relationship between these learning modes is not well understood. But a larger problem is that these perspectives ignore what is here termed didactic learning, whereby various parties bring instruction to the farm. Although not previously theorized, didactic learning is often crucial in agricultural learning and also distinct because it is driven by off-farm interests. The outline of a general theory of farmer learning is presented, comprising an analysis of the salient characteristics of the three modalities and consideration of interaction among them. The successes of nonindustrial small farm management notwithstanding, there are serious limitations to the experimental basis of environmental learning. Agriculture is particularly suited to formal experimentation, but only because of simplifications that contradict the nature of actual decision making. Social learning is essential in agriculture but it may become maladaptive when environmental learning is particularly challenged. Among the entities involved in didactic learning are the state (with interests in monitoring and control), input developers and sellers (with interests in sales), and Non Governmental Organizations (with interests in media showing impacts of didactic learning).
3-D segmentation of articular cartilages by graph cuts using knee MR images from osteoarthritis initiative

Knee osteoarthritis is the most common debilitating health condition affecting elderly population. MR imaging of the knee is highly sensitive for diagnosis and evaluation of the extent of knee osteoarthritis. Quantitative analysis of the progression of osteoarthritis is commonly based on segmentation and measurement of articular cartilage from knee MR images. Segmentation of the knee articular cartilage, however, is extremely laborious and technically demanding, because the cartilage is of complex geometry and thin and small in size. To improve precision and efficiency of the segmentation of the cartilage, we have applied a semi-automated segmentation method that is based on an s/t graph cut algorithm. The cost function was defined integrating regional and boundary cues. While regional cues can encode any intensity distributions of two regions, "object" (cartilage) and "background" (the rest), boundary cues are based on the intensity differences between neighboring pixels. For three-dimensional (3-D) segmentation, hard constraints are also specified in 3-D way facilitating user interaction. When our proposed semi-automated method was tested on clinical patients' MR images (160 slices, 0.7 mm slice thickness), a considerable amount of segmentation time was saved with improved efficiency, compared to a manual segmentation approach.
A pulse-gated, predictive neural circuit

Recent evidence suggests that neural information is encoded in packets and may be flexibly routed from region to region. We have hypothesized that neural circuits are split into sub-circuits where one sub-circuit controls information propagation via pulse gating and a second sub-circuit processes graded information under the control of the first sub-circuit. Using an explicit pulse-gating mechanism, we have been able to show how information may be processed by such pulse-controlled circuits and also how, by allowing the information processing circuit to interact with the gating circuit, decisions can be made. Here, we demonstrate how Hebbian plasticity may be used to supplement our pulse-gated information processing framework by implementing a machine learning algorithm. The resulting neural circuit has a number of structures that are similar to biological neural systems, including a layered structure and information propagation driven by oscillatory gating with a complex frequency spectrum.
The Education/training Background as a Variable Related Ethical Behaviors of Child Counselors

This study examined education and training as variables related to ethical behaviors of child counselors. The four sub-variables of this study included main educational/training background (academic career, major in last degree, and treatment modality), source of education in ethics, experience of educational psychoanalysis, and experience of supervision. The 136 child counselors participating in this study were administered the Inventory for Ethical Behaviors of Child Counselors (Yoo & Kim, 2(06). Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, Cronbach's a, t-test, one way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Results showed that main educational/training background (academic career, major in last degree, and treatment modality), experience of educational psychoanalysis, and experience of supervision were significant variables related to ethical behaviors of child counselors.
GAME – GYM ACTIVITIES FOR MIND'S EFFICIENCY

students a process of research and training in areas such as Positive Psychology, Neurosciences and Neurolinguistic Programming, which allowed to design an Evidence-Based Intervention. Students learn how their brains work and how they can take ownership of their mental processes, and self-regulate their learning most efﬁciently. Beyond theoretical knowledge, we engage simple and fun activities that encourage interaction between the cerebral hemispheres, the regulation of storage and retrieval of information and control of emotional processes key to efﬁcient learning. GAMEs results are signiﬁcant when students without Special Educational Needs ask to participate in our sessions, since they noticed their peer academic improvement.
Estimating Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Well‐Functioning Older Adults: Treadmill Validation of the Long Distance Corridor Walk

Objectives: To determine criterion validity of the 400‐m walk component of the Long Distance Corridor Walk (LDCW) and develop equations for estimating peak oxygen consumption (VO2) from 400‐m time and factors intrinsic to test performance (e.g., heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) response) in older adults.
Comparison of the perceived intensity of time-varying signals in the tactile and auditory domain

Most natural signals vary with time. Impulsive sound and vibrations in cars are typical examples. The perceived intensity of such signals is time-dependent too. This study investigates the influence of the stimulus duration of sinusoidal vibration bursts on the perceived intensity of seat vibrations. The resulting tactile vibration magnitude is discussed in comparison with the auditive loudness perception. An experiment was conducted, using vertical seat vibrations with frequencies of 40 Hz, 80 Hz, 160 Hz and 320 Hz. The length of the test stimuli varied between 40 ms and 3000 ms. The task of the participants was to adjust the intensity of the test vibration to the perceived magnitude of a reference vibration with the same frequency. A stimulus duration of 1000 ms was chosen for the reference. The acceleration level of the reference vibration was set to 30 dB above the individual perception threshold. The results show a decrease of perceived vibration magnitude with decreasing burst duration if the stimulus is shorter than 320 ms. These data help to improve the modelling of tactile intensity perception. The final goal is to define a new perceptually motivated measurement for the perceived vibration magnitude M comparable to auditory loudness N.
Changes in the Hippocampal Volume and Shape in Early-Onset Mild Cognitive Impairment

Objective The aim of this study was to examine the change in the hippocampal volume and shape in early-onset mild cognitive impairment (EO-MCI) associated with the APOE ε4 carrier state. Methods This study had 50 subjects aged 55–63 years, all of whom were diagnosed with MCI at baseline via the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Packet. The EO-MCI patients were divided into the MCI continued (MCIcont) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) converted (ADconv) groups 2 years later. The hippocampal volume and shape were measured for all the subjects. The local shape analysis (LSA) was used to conduct based on the 2-year-interval magnetic resonance imaging scans. Results There was a significant correlation between APOE ε4 allele and hippocampal volume atrophy. Over two years, the volume reduction in the left hippocampus was found to be faster than that in the right hippocampus, especially in the APOE ε4 carriers. LSA showed that the 2 subfields were significantly affected in the left hippocampus. Conclusion These results suggest that the possession of APOE ε4 allele may lead to greater predilection for left hippocampal atrophy in EO-MCI, and some specific subfields of the hippocampus may be more prominently involved.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalitis in a patient with sarcoidosis on hydroxychloroquine with negative cerebrospinal fluid testing for the John Cunningham virus

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by the John Cunningham (JC) virus typically seen in immuno-compromised patients. Several drugs that suppress that immune system have already been known to cause PML such as natalizumab and rituximab. We present a patient with sarcoidosis who develops PML in the rare setting of minimal immunosuppression with only hydroxychloroquine. There was significant delay in the diagnosis due to negative cerebrospinal fluid testing for JC virus and concern for neuro-sarcoidosis, but eventually a diagnosis of PML was made via brain biopsy.