Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PREFERENCES FOR HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES OF FARMED SALMON AMONGST SOUTHERN ONTARIO SALMON CONSUMERS

The goal of this research was to shed light on the trade-offs that salmon consumers make between five types of production and health attributes of farmed salmon. In Canada, the major southern Ontario market cleaved into five distinct consumer segments that varied according to age and income, ‘tastes’, and threat perceptions. There was strong consumer aversion to increased levels of PCBs, even when increased contamination levels were well within Health Canada guidelines. Both contaminant avoidance and polyunsaturated fatty acid health benefits were generally more important to consumers than improved environmental performance in salmon farming production practices. The strong consumer preferences for reduced levels of PCBs in salmon flesh suggest that there could be a substantial market premium for farmed salmon produced using reduced levels of fish meal and fish oils in salmon feed. This could, by association, increase the environmental sustainability of salmon farming.
Identifying maternal self-reported alcohol use associated with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

BACKGROUND The incidence of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) has been estimated at 1 to 3 per 1,000 live births. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) (which include FAS) are estimated to occur in about 1 in 100 births. Cessation of drinking during pregnancy can improve the outcome even if the unborn child is already affected. For individuals born with FASD, an early diagnosis appears to be a protective factor against secondary disabilities. A quick screening tool to identify newborn children at risk has been elusive. METHODS A simple descriptive presentation is offered that shows where 36 individuals with FASD were found from among the many patterns and amounts of prenatal alcohol use that were reported by a sample of 1,439 pregnant women whose offspring were later examined within the first 7 years of life. RESULTS Individuals with FASD (i.e., those with FAS, fetal alcohol effects, alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder ) were found within two aggregates of alcohol scores that together recommend a set of three to four alcohol questions. Within this derivation sample, one scoring of the questions yields almost 78% sensitivity and 97% specificity for FASD. Another scoring of the same instrument yields 100% sensitivity with 90% specificity. CONCLUSIONS These new data may facilitate early identification of offspring who may be most in need of early intervention, namely those born with FASD.
Micro Engineering Foundations of Energy-Capital Complementarity: Solar Domestic Water Heaters

This paper presents microeconomic estimates of substitution possibilities between capital-intensive, solar-produced energy and conventional, nonrenewable energy sources, while examining the conditions under which recently enacted tax incentives designed to accelerate solar's market penetration could result in an increase, rather than a reduction, in the consumption of nonrenewable energy sources. The empirical results imply that such counter-productive outcomes are possible, given long-run elasticities of demand for energy services around 1.5.
Collaborative Fuzzy Clustering From Multiple Weighted Views

Clustering with multiview data is becoming a hot topic in data mining, pattern recognition, and machine learning. In order to realize an effective multiview clustering, two issues must be addressed, namely, how to combine the clustering result from each view and how to identify the importance of each view. In this paper, based on a newly proposed objective function which explicitly incorporates two penalty terms, a basic multiview fuzzy clustering algorithm, called collaborative fuzzy c-means (Co-FCM), is firstly proposed. It is then extended into its weighted view version, called weighted view collaborative fuzzy c-means (WV-Co-FCM), by identifying the importance of each view. The WV-Co-FCM algorithm indeed tackles the above two issues simultaneously. Its relationship with the latest multiview fuzzy clustering algorithm Collaborative Fuzzy K-Means (Co-FKM) is also revealed. Extensive experimental results on various multiview datasets indicate that the proposed WV-Co-FCM algorithm outperforms or is at least comparable to the existing state-of-the-art multitask and multiview clustering algorithms and the importance of different views of the datasets can be effectively identified.
The relationship between employee orientation, financial performance and leverage

Purpose - – The purpose of this study was to provide an empirical investigation into the relationship between employee orientation and both financial performance and leverage. Design/methodology/approach - – The selected sample set consisted of German publicly listed and unlisted companies identified as a “Top Employer” by the Top Employers Institute for the period 2008-2010. The relationship between employee orientation and both financial performance and leverage was then examined for this sample set for the period 2007 and 2011, with the rating “Top Employer Germany” used as a proxy measure of employee orientation. Findings - – The findings show a strong correlation with trade-off, traditional human relations and managerial opportunism theory. It is shown that investments in employee-orientated activities, such as career opportunities, and secondary benefits and work–life balance, lead to reductions in financial performance, which in turn leads to higher levels of employee orientation. Furthermore, no statistically significant relationship between the level of employee orientation and company leverage was found which is in disagreement with stakeholder capital structure theories which propose that there is a negative relationship, where highly leveraged companies tend to invest less in employee-orientated activities which in turn lead to higher levels of leverage. Originality/value - – This is one of the first studies to provide an empirical investigation into the relationship between the level of employee orientation and both financial performance and corporate leverage. Most previous studies have focused on either financial performance or leverage. Furthermore, this is one of the first studies which has its geographical focus on Continental Europe. Most previous studies focused on the Anglo-American corporate environment.
Neuropsychological Outcome after Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy with Transsylvian versus Transcortical Approach: A Randomized Prospective Clinical Trial of Surgery for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Summary: Purpose: Selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) is a surgical treatment option for patients with medically intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. In contrast to standard anterior temporal lobectomy, resection of unaffected tissue is limited, although it achieves equal seizure outcomes in selected patients. In SAH, the mesial structures can be approached by different routes, the transsylvian approach and the transcortical approach. Advantages or disadvantages with respect to postoperative cognitive outcome are still a matter of debate.
The Random Walk Hypothesis and Technical Analysis

point in time the actual price of a security will be a good estimate of its intrinsic value. A growing amount of empirical evidence has been devoted to assessing the validity of this hypothesis. The testing has been of two different types. The first and predominant type has involved statistical testing of price series over time. The tests have provided support for the hypothesis that stock price changes are independently distributed random vari-
Codon Optimization OnLine (COOL): a web-based multi-objective optimization platform for synthetic gene design

SUMMARY Codon optimization has been widely used for designing synthetic genes to improve their expression in heterologous host organisms. However, most of the existing codon optimization tools consider a single design criterion and/or implement a rather rigid user interface to yield only one optimal sequence, which may not be the best solution. Hence, we have developed Codon Optimization OnLine (COOL), which is the first web tool that provides the multi-objective codon optimization functionality to aid systematic synthetic gene design. COOL supports a simple and flexible interface for customizing various codon optimization parameters such as codon adaptation index, individual codon usage and codon pairing. In addition, users can visualize and compare the optimal synthetic sequences with respect to various fitness measures. User-defined DNA sequences can also be compared against the COOL optimized sequences to show the extent by which the user's sequences can be further improved. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION COOL is free to academic and non-commercial users and licensed to others for a fee by the National University of Singapore. Accessible at http://bioinfo.bti. a-star.edu. sg/COOL/ CONTACT: cheld@nus.edu. sg SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Study on the Supply Chain Production Planning with Time-Space Network

The dynamic pricing problem of manufacturer was studied, in which the demand of purchasers was uncertain. The cost of the raw-material, production, the stock and the cost of executing order from downstream enterprise were considered, the unsatisfied demand and the lead time in delivering were taken into account either. The time-space network was introduced to describe this dynamic supply chain network, by which the mathematical model for dynamic pricing that make manufacturers get the biggest profit was established. Finally, a numerical example was analyzed to prove the rationality of this model. The optimal price, output and stock from the numerical example can provide manufacturers with subsidiary decision-making to formulate reasonable production plan.
Breast cancer resistance protein: Molecular target for anticancer drug resistance and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) is a half‐molecule ATP‐binding cassette transporter that forms a functional homodimer and pumps out various anticancer agents, such as 7‐ethyl‐10‐hydroxycamptothecin, topotecan, mitoxantrone and flavopiridol, from cells. Estrogens, such as estrone and 17β‐estradiol, have been found to restore drug sensitivity levels in BCRP‐transduced cells by increasing the cellular accumulation of such agents. Furthermore, synthetic estrogens, tamoxifen derivatives and phytoestrogens/flavonoids have now been identified that can effectively circumvent BCRP‐mediated drug resistance. Transcellular transport experiments have shown that BCRP transports sulfated estrogens and various sulfated steroidal compounds, but not free estrogens. The kinase inhibitor gefitinib inhibited the transporter function of BCRP and reversed BCRP‐mediated drug resistance both in vitro and in vivo. BCRP‐transduced human epidermoid carcinoma A431 (A431/BCRP) and BCRP‐transduced human non‐small cell lung cancer PC‐9 (PC‐9/BCRP) cells showed gefitinib resistance. Physiological concentrations of estrogens (10–100 pM) reduced BCRP protein expression without affecting its mRNA levels. Two functional polymorphisms of the BCRP gene have been identified. The C376T (Q126Stop) polymorphism has a dramatic phenotype as active BCRP protein cannot be expressed from a C376T allele. The C421A (Q141K) polymorphism is also significant as Q141K‐BCRP‐transfected cells show markedly low protein expression levels and low‐level drug resistance. Hence, individuals with C376T or C421A polymorphisms may express low levels of BCRP or none at all, resulting in hypersensitivity of normal cells to BCRP‐substrate anticancer agents. In summary, both modulators of BCRP and functional single nucleotide polymorphisms within the BCRP gene affect the transporter function of the protein and thus can modulate drug sensitivity and substrate pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in affected cells and individuals. (Cancer Sci 2005; 96: 457–465)
Potential Implications of the Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM): the Case of Wheat*

The Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM) was a key issue in the July 2008 failure to reach agreement in the WTO negotiations under the Doha Development Agenda. It includes both price (P-SSM) and quantity-triggered measures (Q-SSM). This paper uses a stochastic simulation model of the world wheat market to investigate the effects of policy makers implementing policies based on the SSM rules. Implementation of the Q-SSM is found to reduce imports, raise domestic prices, and boost mean domestic production in the SSM regions. Rather than insulating countries that use it from price volatility, it would actually increase domestic price volatility in developing countries, largely by restricting imports when domestic output is low and prices high. We estimate that implementation of the Q-SSM would shrink average wheat imports by nearly 50% in some regions, with world wheat trade falling by 4.7%. The P-SSM has only small impacts on the mean or variability of import prices into developing countries but increases the instability of producer prices in seven of nine developing regions by triggering duties against exports to partner countries. The results highlight the importance of setting import policies in line with policy goals, rather than by following the SSM rules.
Governing the Family: Child Care, Child Protection and the State

Social Work, Social Regulation and the Family - Child Care, Prevention and Partnership - Child Abuse, Authority and Risk - Sexual Abuse, the Cleveland Affair and the Private Family - Co-ordination, Management and Social Assessment - The Children Act 1989: Reconstructing the Consensus - A Contemporary Political Economy of Child Protection
Comparison of flavivirus using datamining-Apriori, K-means, and decision tree algorithm

Nowadays, zika virus infection-occurred in Brazil-is becoming serious global problem. Temporary treatments-using drug-can alleviate symptoms for a while but cannot be a basic solution for infections. We researched amino acids of Zika virus and other four kinds of flaviviruses-Dengue fever, Yellow fever, Saint Louis, Japanese Encephalitis-with bioinformatic experiment; Apriori, K-means and Decision Tree algorithm. Results show differences and common things among them-Japanese Encephalitis has most representative amino acid.
Nalbuphine for Treatment of Opioid-induced Pruritus: A Systematic Review of Literature

Objectives:Opioid-induced pruritus is a common side effect of opioid treatment in patients with acute pain associated with surgery or childbirth. There are several options available to treat opioid-induced pruritus, including nalbuphine. However, it is not known whether nalbuphine offers greater efficacy in treating pruritus without attenuation of analgesia and an increase in the incidence of adverse outcomes. Methods:A systematic search of studies assessing treatment efficacy of nalbuphine was conducted through Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and ProQuest databases. The primary outcome was reduction of pruritus, whereas the secondary outcomes included analgesia and adverse outcomes. Results:Ten studies that met all inclusion criteria were identified, 9 of which were randomized controlled trials and 1 case report. The incidence of pruritus was higher among patients receiving neuraxial opioids than those with the intravenous route. Nalbuphine provided greater efficacy in treating opioid-induced pruritus when compared with placebo, control, or other pharmacologic agents such as diphenhydramine, naloxone, and propofol. There was no attenuation of analgesia or increase in sedation with low-dose nalbuphine treatment—25% to 50% of the dose to treat pain, that is, 2.5 to 5 mg versus 10 mg intravenously. Further, nalbuphine was associated with reduction of nausea or vomiting, and reversal of respiratory depression. Conclusions:Nalbuphine is superior in treating opioid-induced pruritus when compared with placebo, control, diphenhydramine, naloxone, or propofol in patients receiving neuraxial opioids for acute pain related to surgery or childbirth. Therefore, it is recommended that nalbuphine should be used as a first-line treatment of opioid-induced pruritus.
Managing the Post-acquisition Integration Process: How the Human Iintegration and Task Integration Processes Interact to Foster Value Creation

The paper reports a study of the post-acquisition integration process in three foreign acquisitions made by Swedish multinationals. Detailed interview data and questionnaire responses in both acquiring and acquired firms are presented. The sub-processes of task integration and human integration are separated out and it is shown that effective integration in these cases was achieved through a two-phase process. In phase one, task integration led to a satisficing solution that limited the interaction between acquired and acquiring units, while human integration proceeded smoothly and led to cultural convergence and mutual respect. In phase two, there was renewed task integration built on the success of the human integration that had been achieved, which led to much greater interdependencies between acquired and acquiring units.
INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION PROMOTERS IN SMALL, KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE FIRMS

This paper examines the relationship between external relations and innovation in small, knowledge-intensive Norwegian firms. Our findings indicate that external relations are beneficial for innovation. The analysis shows that it is necessary to treat innovation as more than a concept. Our independent variables related differently to product innovation, process innovation, and market innovation.We found that market participation in product development has a positive impact on product, process and market innovation. We also found that top management interaction with other firms had a positive effect on market innovation and that top management interaction with external R&D had a positive effect on product innovation. This finding probably indicates that access to R&D resources is vital for product development in the context of knowledge-intensive products. The results also show that participation in conferences and courses positively influences process and market innovation and that systematic environmental scanning positively influences product innovation.
Takeovers, corporate control, and return to target shareholders

In this paper, we investigated the impact of ownership concentration on the returns to target shareholders. In order to determine such impact, we have employed three models namely: the atomistic shareholder model; the large shareholder model; the single shareholder model. We found empirical evidence that the degree of ownership concentration in target firms has a significant negative effect on the returns to shareholders. These findings are consistent with the theoretical takeover models which support a negative relationship between bid premium and ownership concentration of target firms.
EFFICIENCY AND COMPETITION IN THE GHANAIAN BANKING INDUSTRY: A PANEL GRANGER CAUSALITY APPROACH

This study examines the causal link between bank efficiency and bank competition. The study estimates bank competition with the Lerner index and bank cost efficiency with data envelopment analysis using annual data over the period 2001–2010. Using system generalized method of moments (system GMM) estimator, the results suggest that bank cost efficiency positively Granger-causes market power and hence causality negatively runs from bank cost efficiency to bank competition indicating that bank cost efficiency precedes bank competition. However, the reverse causality running from bank competition to bank cost efficiency is not supported.
Phosphorylation of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21Cip1 on Serine 130 Is Essential for Viral Cyclin-Mediated Bypass of a p21Cip1-Imposed G1 Arrest

ABSTRACT K cyclin encoded by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus confers resistance to the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors p16Ink4A, p21Cip1, and p27Kip1 on the associated cdk6. We have previously shown that K cyclin expression enforces S-phase entry on cells overexpressing p27Kip1 by promoting phosphorylation of p27Kip1 on threonine 187, triggering p27Kip1 down-regulation. Since p21Cip1 acts in a manner similar to that of p27Kip1, we have investigated the subversion of a p21Cip1-induced G1 arrest by K cyclin. Here, we show that p21Cip1 is associated with K cyclin both in overexpression models and in primary effusion lymphoma cells and is a substrate of the K cyclin/cdk6 complex, resulting in phosphorylation of p21Cip1 on serine 130. This phosphoform of p21Cip1 appeared unable to associate with cdk2 in vivo. We further demonstrate that phosphorylation on serine 130 is essential for K cyclin-mediated release of a p21Cip1-imposed G1 arrest. Moreover, we show that under physiological conditions of cell cycle arrest due to elevated levels of p21Cip1 resulting from oxidative stress, K cyclin expression enabled S-phase entry and was associated with p21Cip1 phosphorylation and partial restoration of cdk2 kinase activity. Thus, expression of the viral cyclin enables cells to subvert the cell cycle inhibitory function of p21Cip1 by promoting cdk6-dependent phosphorylation of this antiproliferative protein.
QseA Directly Activates Transcription of LEE1 in Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

ABSTRACT Quorum sensing (QS) in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) regulates the expression of the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). The LEE contains five major operons named LEE1 through LEE5. QseA was previously shown to be activated through QS and to activate the transcription of LEE1. The LEE1 operon encodes Ler, the transcription activator of all other LEE genes, and has two promoters: a distal promoter (P1) and a proximal promoter (P2). We have previously reported that QseA acts on P1 and not P2. To identify the minimal region of LEE1 that is necessary for QseA-mediated activation, a series of nested-deletion constructs of the LEE1 promoter fused to a lacZ reporter were constructed in both the EHEC and E. coli K-12 backgrounds. In an EHEC background, QseA-dependent activation of LEE1 can be observed for the entire regulatory region (beginning at nucleotide −393 and ending at nucleotide −123). In contrast to what occurred in EHEC, in K-12 there was no QseA-dependent activation of LEE1 transcription between base pairs −393 and −343. These data indicate that a QseA-dependent EHEC-specific regulator is required for the activation of transcription in this region. We also observed QseA-dependent LEE1 activation from nucleotides −218 to −123 in K-12, similar to results of the nested-deletion analysis performed with EHEC. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays established that QseA directly binds to the region of LEE1 from bp −173 to −42 and not to the region from bp −393 to −343. These studies suggest that QseA activates the transcription of LEE1 by directly binding upstream of its P1 promoter region.
A Measure of Price Pressures

The Federal Reserve devotes significant resources to forecasting key economic variables such as real gross domestic product growth, employment, and inflation. The outlook for these variables also matters a great deal to businesses and financial market participants. The authors present a factor-augmented Bayesian vector autoregressive forecasting model that significantly outperforms both a benchmark random walk model and a pure time-series model. They then use these factors in an ordered probit model to develop the probability distribution over a 12-month horizon. One distribution assesses the probability that inflation will exceed 2.5 percent over the next year; they term this probability a price pressure measure. This price pressure measure would provide policymakers and markets with a quantitative assessment of the probability that average inflation over the next 12 months will be higher than the Fed’s long-term inflation target of 2 percent.