Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interpreting non-random signatures in biomedical signals with Lempel-Ziv complexity

Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZ) [1] and its variants have been used widely to identify non-random patterns in biomedical signals obtained across distinct physiological states. Non-random signatures of the complexity measure can occur under nonlinear deterministic as well as non-deterministic settings. Surrogate data testing have also been encouraged in the past in conjunction with complexity estimates to make a finer distinction between various classes of processes. In this brief letter, we make two important observations (1) Non-Gaussian noise at the dynamical level can elude existing surrogate algorithms namely: Phase-randomized surrogates (FT) amplitude-adjusted Fourier transform (AAFT) and iterated amplitude adjusted Fourier transform (IAAFT). Thus any inference nonlinear determinism as an explanation for the non-randomness is incomplete (2) Decrease in complexity can be observed even across two linear processes with identical auto-correlation functions. The results are illustrated with a second-order auto-regressive process with Gaussian and non-Gaussian innovations. AR (2) processes have been used widely to model several physiological phenomena, hence their choice. The results presented encourage cautious interpretation of non-random signatures in experimental signals using complexity measures.
Modulated Model-Predictive Integral Control Applied to a Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drive

This article investigates an innovative modulation technique for a predictive control applied to a synchronous reluctance motor (SyRM) drive. The new formulation of the duty cycles, in both linear and overmodulation regions, relies on the identified flux-versus-current characteristics. Furthermore, integral terms have been introduced in the predictive control to achieve satisfactory reference tracking performance with zero steady-state error, even under model parameters mismatches. Low current ripple with smooth and fast dynamic responses are achievable at fixed switching frequency over the whole current operating range. Simulations and experimental evidence show the effectiveness of the proposed controller against standard controllers such as field-oriented current control (FOC) and deadbeat current control (DBCC), guaranteeing low current ripple, robustness against parameters variations, and fast dynamic performance.
Guidelines for Accurate Multi-Temporal Model Registration of 3D Scanned Objects

Changes in object morphology can be quantified using 3D optical scanning to generate 3D models of an object at different time points. This process requires registration techniques that align target and reference 3D models using mapping functions based on common object features that are unaltered over time. The goal of this study was to determine guidelines when selecting these localized features to ensure robust and accurate 3D model registration. For this study, an object of interest (tibia bone replica) was 3D scanned at multiple time points, and the acquired 3D models were aligned using a simple cubic registration block attached to the object. The size of the registration block and the number of planar block surfaces selected to calculate the mapping functions used for 3D model registration were varied. Registration error was then calculated as the average linear surface variation between the target and reference tibial plateau surfaces. We obtained very low target registration errors when selecting block features with an area equivalent to at least 4% of the scanning field of view. Additionally, we found that at least two orthogonal surfaces should be selected to minimize registration error. Therefore, when registering 3D models to measure multi-temporal morphological change (e.g., mechanical wear), we recommend selecting multiplanar features that account for at least 4% of the scanning field of view. For the first time, this study has provided guidelines for selecting localized object features that can provide accurate 3D model registration for 3D scanned objects.
A Simple 24-Pulse Star Rectifier Combining Two Different Tap Converters

To further improve the harmonic mitigation capability of the double-star rectifier, a simple 24-pulse star rectifier using a conventional tap converter (CTC) and an improved tap converter (ITC) is proposed. The proposed rectifier comprises two double-star rectification units, a CTC, an ITC, and an interphase reactor (IPR). The CTC and ITC first expand the double-star rectifiers into 12-pulse rectifiers, provide a phase shift of 15°, and then connect through an IPR to achieve the effect of quadrupling the number of pulses. This configuration solves the problem of limited pulse multiplication capability (pulse multiplication number $\le3$ ) of the existing passive tap converter and upgrades the double-star rectifier to a novel 24-pulse star rectifier. The resulting rectifier shows an approximately sinusoidal input current with the absence of the fifth, seventh, 17th, and 19th harmonics. The proposed scheme has the advantages of simple structure, small size, and being economically justified because the proposed scheme does not change the structure of the double-star transformer, and the capacity of CTC and ITC is only 3.49% and 6.29% of the output power, respectively. An experimental prototype with an output power of 1 kW is built to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Sec-Health: A Blockchain-Based Protocol for Securing Health Records

Storing and sharing health records through electronic systems pose security risks. To address them, several countries’ regulations have established that healthcare information systems must fulfill security properties (confidentiality, access control, integrity, revocation and anonymity) and complementary ones (emergency access and interoperability). Upon tackling these issues, several proposals present security limitations and/or address specific properties only. We propose Sec-Health, a blockchain-based protocol that secures health records, addressing all of the main security and complementary properties defined in current regulations. We show that Sec-Health is a suitable solution by analyzing it under several attack scenarios and describing how it overcomes the problems of existing solutions. Furthermore, we evaluate a Sec-Health Proof of Concept, showing that it can reduce from 26% up to 90% the time to access health records, and reduce up to 50% client-side memory overhead, compared to related work.
SMM analysis of reflection, absorption, and transmission from nonuniform magnetized plasma slab

An new analytical technique for obtaining a complete set of reflection, absorption, and transmission coefficients for a stratified plasma slab is presented, named the scattering matrix method (SMM). The nonuniform magnetized plasma slab is modeled by a number of subslabs. Each subslab has a fixed electron density. The overall density profile across the whole slab follows any practical distribution function. Because the field in each subslab can be represented by the sum of the reflected and incident components, the partial reflection and transmission coefficients can be obtained by successively matching boundary conditions at all interfaces. The partial and total reflected, absorbed, and transmitted powers as the functions of the electron density, collision frequency, and electron cyclotron frequency for typical parabolic and exponential density profiles are investigated.
Infrared small target detection based on saliency and difference of Gaussian

The challenge of detecting the infrared small target in complex scenes is how to enhance the target area and suppress the interference of the background and noise. We present an infrared small target detection method based on saliency and difference of Gaussian. By calculating the spectral residuals of the original infrared images to obtain the saliency map, and a gray difference map is computed by adopting the difference of Gaussian. By normalizing and fusing these maps, the final feature response map is obtained, which can restrain the background noise and enhance the targets. Finally, the adaptive threshold segmentation method is used to detect small targets from the feature response map. Experimental result indicates that the proposed method achieves better image processing effect than traditional detection algorithm, works well under the interference of background and noise as well as detects the target accurately under different complex backgrounds.
High critical current density Y Ba2Cu3O7−δ thin films fabricated by ex situ processing at low pressures

There is interest in probing the feasibility and possible advantages of making uniform and cost-effective long-length coated conductors through a low-pressure processing approach. The low-pressure approach, eliminating the boundary layer and gas flow considerations, consumes much less of the processing gases and offers the possibility of improved uniformity and faster growth rate of superconducting films. Here, we have fabricated Y Ba2Cu3O7? (YBCO) epitaxial films of thickness 0.1? 1.0? m on SrTiO3 single crystal substrates using ex situ post-deposition processing of co-evaporated Y, BaF2 and Cu precursors in a controlled low-pressure gas mixture of oxygen and water vapour. Partial pressures of oxygen (PO2) and water vapour (PH2O) as low as 10 and 0.1? mTorr, respectively, were used. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy inspection were conducted for structure characterization of the films. High critical current densities (Jc) of at 77? K in self-field were obtained, yielding properties comparable to those of in situ films and ex situ films processed under atmospheric pressure condition.
Some Algorithms for Large Hidden Markov Models

The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) has become increasingly popular in the last several years because it is used in a wide range of applications. There are some inherent limitations of this type of statistical model. The major limitation of HMM is large hidden state space, which limits their practical purview. The objective of this work is to reduce the task of solving some classical algorithms (Forward, Backward, Baum-Welch) by review of their theoretical aspects, offering faster improved algorithms based on the decomposition technique which represent a general approach to solving a problem by breaking it up into smaller ones and solving each of the smaller ones separately.
Attentive Adversarial Collaborative Filtering

Generative adversarial nets (GANs) have enjoyed considerable success in computer vision and attracted much attention from recommender systems. However, due to the discrete nature of items, it is infeasible to graft GANs directly onto recommendation models. Although several methods have taken steps forward, their training processes are slow-convergent, time-consuming, or even unstable. This article proposes a novel framework named attentive adversarial collaborative filtering (AACF) and an efficient training strategy to improve GANs in recommender systems. There are two distinct novelties over previous work. First, AACF is a differentiable generative adversarial framework that introduces an attention mechanism and “virtual items” to bridge the gap between the generator and the discriminator. Owing to the intrinsic differentiability, AACF can be stably optimized with gradient descent methods. Second, the efficient training strategy substantially reduces computational complexity. It is capable of efficiently training and scaling up the AACF model to large datasets. Extensive experiments on various datasets demonstrate the effectiveness, fast convergence, stability, and scalability of AACF. Since our ideas are general in nature, they will open a path to stably and efficiently train GANs in the research areas with discrete data. The implementation code is available at https://github.com/zhongchuansun/AACF.
Estimation Bias in Complete-Case Analysis in Crossover Studies with Missing Data

Crossover designs are used often in clinical trials. It is not uncommon that subjects discontinue before completing all treatment periods in a crossover study. Despite availability of statistical methodologies utilizing all available data and software for obtaining valid inferences under the assumption of missing at random (MAR), naïve approaches, such as the complete case (CC) analysis, which is only valid with a strong assumption of missing completely at random are still widely used in practice. In this article, we obtain the analytical form of the estimation bias of treatment effects with CC for linear mixed models. We use simulation studies to examine the inflation of Type I error and efficiency loss in the inferences with CC under MAR. Invalidity and inefficiency of two other commonly used approaches for defining analyzed data in the presence of missing data, including data from at least two periods in three period crossover and available cases for a specific comparison of interest, are also demonstrated through simulation studies.
Alleviating effects of salicylic acid spray on stage-based growth and antioxidative defense system in two drought-stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

: Approximately 33% of the arable land around the world is vulnerable to drought, which is a very serious issue affecting the yield and productivity of cereal crops. Two contrasting rice ( Oryza sativa L.) genotypes, HTT-138 (drought tolerant) and (HTT-39 drought-sensitive), under various levels of water treatments, i.e. control flooded (CF) as recommended for rice (control), control saturated (CS) 100% field capacity (FC), 80% FC, and 60% FC without or with foliar spray (100 mg L –1 ) of salicylic acid (SA) evaluated to enhance the yield for food security. The results showed that leaf gas exchange parameters, water use efficiency and water related parameters reduced under all levels of water deficient conditions. Drought stress increased oxidative stress (superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide) and decreased after foliar spray of SA due to enhancement in antioxidant activity (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase). Ascorbic acid
Calcium Depletion in Cooling-Flow Nebulae and the Origin of the Line-emitting Gas

We present upper limits on the forbidden Ca II 7291 A flux from emission-line nebulae in cluster cooling flows. The observed lack of forbidden Ca II emission indicates that gas-phase calcium is underabundant in cooling-flow nebulae and is most likely depleted onto dust grains. If calcium in the line-emitting filaments is largely bound into dust, then these filaments probably did not condense out of the hot intracluster gas.
Modelling of Nonlinear Behaviour and Hysteresis in Magnetic Materials

Magnetic hysteresis models such as Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert, Stoner–Wohlfarth, Globus, Preisach, and Jiles–Atherton are described. Discussion focuses on the underlying basic concepts. The various models span a range of length scales from the atomistic scale to the continuum, and need to be applied with careful consideration of the appropriate length scale of interest in any particular case. In general, all of these models are approximations to complicated systems with many different and competing interactions on different length scales. Therefore, depending on the relative importance of the interactions and the length scale of interest, different models are appropriate to different situations. Keywords: hysteresis modeling Jiles–Atherton model Preisach model Stoner–Wohlfarth model globus model Landau–Lifschitz model domain processes switching mechanisms energy dissipation mechanisms domain rotation domain wall motion
High-Performance Wireless Charging System Using Interleaved Buck Converter and Integrated Solenoid Magnetic Coupler

This article proposes a wireless charging system (WCS) with the secondary-side interleaved buck converter (SIBC) and multicoil integrated solenoid magnetic coupler (ISMC). Then, the constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) charging based on SIBC duty cycle regulation is realized with high misalignment tolerance. First, the working principle and parameter design of the WCS are analyzed. Second, the ISMC structure is optimized; then, the coupling condition comparison proves the high anti-misalignment capability. Besides, both the LCC inductor and SIBC filter inductors are integrated into the ISMC without affecting the power transfer. Third, the small-signal model of SIBC is set up, combined with the simulation results, and the closed-loop control scheme for CC/CV charging is confirmed. Finally, the experimental results validate the feasibility of the proposed WCS with high performance.
Some Saddle-function splitting methods for convex programming

Consider two variations of the method of multipliers, or classical augmented Lagrangian method for convex programming. The proximal method of multipliers adjoins quadratic primal proximal terms to the augmented Lagrangian, and has a stronger primal convergence theory than the standard method. On the other hand, the alternating direction method of multipliers, which uses a special kind of partial minimization of the augmented Lagrangian, is conducive to the derivation of decomposition methods finding application in parallel computing. This note shows convergence a method combining the features of these two variations. The method is closely related to some algorithms of Gols'shtein. A comparison of the methods helps illustrate the close relationship between previously separate bodies of Western and Soviet literature.
Work Interventions Within Interdisciplinary Pain Rehabilitation Programs (IPRP) – Frequency, Patient Characteristics, and Association with Self-Rated Work Ability

Background Interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programs (IPRPs) help people with chronic pain improve their health and manage their work; however, the way IPRPs address sick leave could be improved. Although work interventions can be a part of IPRP, it is not well known how and to what extent. Aim This study explores the frequency of work interventions and the characteristics of patients who participate in work interventions as part of IPRP at specialist pain rehabilitation departments in Sweden. In addition, this study explores the association between participation in work interventions and change in patients’ self-rated work ability after IPRP. Methods Data from the Swedish quality registry for pain rehabilitation (SQRP), which includes 3809 patients between 2016 and 2018, were analysed with descriptive statistics and regression analyses. Results The results indicate a high participation rate in work interventions (90%). Some differences were evident concerning characteristics of patients who participated in different work interventions. The return-to-work (RTW) plan, the most frequently used work intervention, had the strongest association with change in self-rated work ability after IPRP. However, the effect sizes were small, and the initial score best explained the change. Furthermore, there were differences between employed and unemployed patients and employment had a positive association with change in self-rated work ability. Conclusion More research is needed to understand IPRP’s mechanisms and work interventions to support patients with chronic pain, reduce sick leave, and manage work. Employment status needs to be considered and interventions should be tailored to match the individual needs.
A gap-free and haplotype-resolved lemon genome provides insights into flavor synthesis and huanglongbing (HLB) tolerance

Abstract The lemon (Citrus limon; family Rutaceae) is one of the most important and popular fruits worldwide. Lemon also tolerates huanglongbing (HLB) disease, which is a devastating citrus disease. Here we produced a gap-free and haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly of the lemon by combining Pacific Biosciences circular consensus sequencing, Oxford Nanopore 50-kb ultra-long, and high-throughput chromatin conformation capture technologies. The assembly contained nine-pair chromosomes with a contig N50 of 35.6 Mb and zero gaps, while a total of 633.0 Mb genomic sequences were generated. The origination analysis identified 338.5 Mb genomic sequences originating from citron (53.5%), 147.4 Mb from mandarin (23.3%), and 147.1 Mb from pummelo (23.2%). The genome included 30 528 protein-coding genes, and most of the assembled sequences were found to be repetitive sequences. Several significantly expanded gene families were associated with plant–pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transduction, and the biosynthesis of major active components, such as terpenoids and flavor compounds. Most HLB-tolerant genes were expanded in the lemon genome, such as 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)/Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase and constitutive disease resistance 1, cell wall-related genes, and lignin synthesis genes. Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that phloem regeneration and lower levels of phloem plugging are the elements that contribute to HLB tolerance in lemon. Our results provide insight into lemon genome evolution, active component biosynthesis, and genes associated with HLB tolerance.
ASYMPTOTIC RATES FOR RECORDS AND d -RECORDS

We consider random variables Xn, n  1, and their associated counting process Nn of exceptional observations, such as records or d-records. For most well know distributions, martingale tools show their worth in dealing with questions such as the law of large numbers and asymptotic normality
Interfacial and surface energetics of CoSi2

The energetics of the CoSi2‐Si interface and the CoSi2 surface have been investigated by analyzing the equilibrium shapes of isolated silicide precipitates. CoSi2 precipitates grown by heating 2 A of Co on a clean, reconstructed Si{100} surface formed with a number of orientations that remained stable upon annealing to high temperatures. Precipitates buried by a Si capping layer were shown to form along {111} and {100} interfaces. A ratio of the CoSi2‐Si interfacial free energies has been measured from the shapes of a large number of buried precipitates indicating that γ{100}/γ{111}=1.43±0.07. It is suggested that the shape of CoSi2 equilibrated within vacuum consists of {111}, {100}, and {110} facets.
The impedance properties of narrow radiating slots in the broad face of rectangular waveguide: Part I--Theory

Theoretical results, valid at and away from resonance, for the impedance properties of the rotated series slot, the displaced series slot, and the longitudinal shunt slot have been derived by the use of variational expressions coupled with certain stored power considerations. The additional influence of finite wall thickness, an appreciable factor, is taken into account by a microwave network treatment. The results for the zero-thickness resistive elements become identical with those of Stevenson when the slot length is made equal to a half wavelength. The theoretical derivations are presented in Part I. In Part II, comparison is made with experimental data both previously available and specially taken in this connection. The effect of wall thickness and the distinction between slots of rounded and rectangular ends are also considered. The agreement between theory and measurement is reasonably good.
Breast Cancer Diagnostics by Laser Opto-Acoustic Tomography

Laser opto-acoustic tomography based on time-resolved detection of laser-induced stress transients is tested in vitro (gel phantoms) and in vivo (mouse model of breast cancer) as a method for diagnostic screening of breast tumors. A small gel sphere with diameter of 2.5 mm and optical properties that resemble that of carcinoma was detected at a depth of 25 mm in a gel phantom with optical properties that simulate normal breast tissue. Substantially stronger signals were observed in tumors of two mice. The laser-induced stress profiles qualitatively different from profiles in normal mammary glands were observed. Combination of the two results encourages our group to plan first clinical trials on laser opto-acoustic mammography.