Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PLASTIC TAX AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY INCENTIVES TO TACKLE CLIMATE CHANGE (INDONESIAN CONTEXT)

The use of plastic can harm the environment and contribute to climate change. Later, climate change will reduce the quality of ecosystems, public health and a region's economy. The use of plastic needs to be reduced, especially for single-use or only plastic with a short useful life. One way to control the use of plastic is through a plastic tax, which in this study is categorized as an excise. This research aims to determine what tariff is appropriate for the Indonesian context, which will soon impose an excise on plastic. This study also provides an overview of state revenues from related plastic excise and incentives that can be given to business actors implementing a circular economy. Next, this research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. This study estimates the amount of excise and tax revenue from implementing plastic excise. The study results show the enormous potential for state revenue from plastic excise and import tax increases. Furthermore, synergistic activities carried out by Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MEF) and Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DGCE) can take the form of joint business processes in monitoring plastic waste recycling. This research could trigger further research regarding plastic excise and the effects on economic companies after the government determines the excise.
Evaluation in Genetic Variation of Krachai by Sequence Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Techniques

Krachais are local name of Thai herb which are identified within 2 genera, namely Bosenbergia (white or red krachai) and Kaempferia (black krachai). The rhizome of Bosenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. contains major aromatic compounds against COVID19 but its many morphological characteristics such as leaves, stems and rhizome are like other species in same genus or family. In this study, a total of 13 accessions containing 5 samples of B. rotunda, 2 samples of Boesenbergia spp. and 3 samples of Kaempferia parviflora including 3 samples of other species in same family as outgroups were analyzed and clustered using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPD) markers. The results showed that 8 SRAP primers (M1E1, M1E2, M1E7, M2E10, M3E9, M5E1, M5E2 and M6E10) could generate 79 polymorphism bands with an average of 92.15% whereas a total of 5 RAPD primers (OPY04, OPY02, OPY04, JAT11 and JAT12) could give 64 polymorphisms with 100% as a percentage of the polymorphism band. The PIC of the SRAP marker (0.470) has a higher value than the RAPD marker (0.264). The highest similarity coefficients within genus Boesenbergia of 1.000 and 0.952 were obtained from SRAP and RAPD markers, respectively. The UPGMA dendrogram of SRAP and RAPD information among krachai presented 2 and 4 groups, respectively. The cluster of Boesenbergia was separated from K. parviflora and other species in same family. Furthermore, the results also pointed that Boesenbergia sp. from Phayao is in correct genus and is B. pandurata (Roxb.) Schltr. because of having red leaf while Boesenbergia sp. from Chiang Rai showed confusion between SRAP and RAPD data. It was concluded that SRAP and RAPD have great potential for the study of genetic diversity of Boesenbergia and other species in family Zingiberaceae.
ResearchOnline@ND ResearchOnline@ND

Poly-arginine peptide-18 (R18) has recently emerged as a highly effective neuroprotective agent in experimental stroke models, and is particularly efficacious in protecting cortical neurons against glutamic acid excitotoxicity. While we have previously demonstrated that R18 can reduce excitotoxicity-induced neuronal calcium influx, other molecular events associated with R18 neuroprotection are yet to investigated. Therefore, in this study we were particularly interested in protein expression changes in R18 treated neurons subjected to excitotoxicity. Proteomic analysis was used to compare protein expression patterns in primary cortical neuronal cultures subjected to: (i) R18-treatment alone (R18); (ii) glutamic acid excitotoxic injury (Glut); (iii) R18-treatment and glutamic acid injury (R18 + Glut); (iv) no treatment (Cont). Whole cell lysates were harvested 24 h post-injury and subjected to quantitative proteomic analysis (iTRAQ), coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/ MS) and subsequent bioinformatic analysis of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Relative to control cultures, R18, Glut, and R18 + Glut treatment resulted in the detection of 5, 95 and 14 DEPs respectively. Compared to Glut alone, R18 + Glut revealed 98 DEPs, including 73 proteins whose expression was also altered by treatment with Glut and/or R18 alone, as well as 25 other uniquely regulated proteins. R18 treatment reversed the up-or down-regulation of all 73 Glut-associated DEPs, which included proteins involved in mitochondrial integrity, ATP generation, mRNA processing and protein translation. Analysis of protein-protein interactions of the 73 DEPs showed they were primarily associated with mitochondrial respiration, proteasome activity and protein synthesis, transmembrane trafficking, axonal growth and neuronal differentiation, and carbohydrate metabolism. Identified protein pathways associated with proteostasis and energy metabolism, and with pathways involved in neurodegeneration. Collectively, the findings indicate that R18 neuroprotection following excitotoxicity is associated with preservation of neuronal protein profiles, and differential protein expression that assists in maintaining mitochondrial function and energy production, protein homeostasis, and membrane trafficking.
A Novel Two-Step Classification Approach for Runtime Performance Improvement of Duplicate Bug Report Detection

: Duplicate Bug Report Detection (DBRD) is one of the famous problems in software triage systems like Bugzilla. There are two main approaches to this problem, including information retrieval and machine learning. The second one is more effective for validation performance. Duplicate detection needs feature extraction, which is a time-consuming process. Both approaches suffer runtime issues, because they should check the new bug report to all bug reports in the repository, and it takes a long time for feature extraction and duplicate detection. This study proposes a new two-step classification approach which tries to reduce the search space of the bug repository search space in the first step and then check the duplicate detection using textual features. The Mozilla and Eclipse datasets are used for experimental evaluation. The results show that overall, 87.70% and 89.01% validation performance achieved averagely for accuracy and F1-measure, respectively. Moreover, 95.85% and 87.65% of bug reports can be classified in step one very fast for Eclipse and Mozilla datasets, respectively, and the other one needs textual feature extraction until it can be checked by the traditional DBRD approach. An average of 90% runtime improvement is achieved using the proposed method.
A Standardised Protocol for Pre-operative Pelvic Radiographs for Templating in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Purpose: Digital templating using pre-operative radiographs enables pre-operative planning for total hip arthroplasty (THA). This allows surgeons to reproduce hip biomechanics effectively, reducing the risk of post-operative complications. Pelvic radiographs demonstrating the head, neck, trochanters, and proximal one-third of the femoral shaft allow calculation of key measurements including femoral offset and limb length discrepancy (LLD). Currently, no standardised guideline exists for obtaining pre-operative radiographs for templating in THA. Materials and methods: A single-blinded retrospective cohort study assessing the quality of pre- and post-operative radiographs of 195 patients who underwent elective THA for osteoarthritis over a two-year period was performed. Quality was rated as good, fair or poor, respectively, depending upon whether ≥2, 1 or none of the following were met: Pubic symphysis (PS) and coccyx in a straight line with 1-3 cm between the superior edge of the PS and tip of coccyx, trochanters distinguishable, obturator rings symmetric. Post-operative images were assessed to determine whether the distal end of the implanted prosthesis was visible. Results: The sample consisted of 195 patients. Pre-operatively 115 (59%) radiographs were classified as good, 71 (36.4%) fair and 9 (4.6%) poor. Post-operatively 46 (23.6%) were classified as good, 114 (58.4%) as fair and 30 (15.4%) as poor. In the post-operative radiographs, 25.6% did not include the distal tip of the prosthesis. Conclusion: This study highlights significant scope to improve the quality of pre-operative radiographs, allowing accurate templating to optimise outcomes for THA. A protocol is recommended whereby the pelvic radiograph is centred on the PS at the lesser trochanter level, ensuring adequate exposure of the proximal femur, acetabulum and iliac crests.
Cis-eQTL analysis and functional validation of candidate susceptibility genes for high-grade serous ovarian cancer

Genome-wide association studies have reported 11 regions conferring risk of high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analyses can identify candidate susceptibility genes at risk loci. Here we evaluate cis -eQTL associations at 47 regions associated with HGSOC risk ( P r 10 (cid:2) 5 ). For three cis -eQTL associations ( P o 1.4 (cid:3) 10 (cid:2) 3 , FDR o 0.05) at 1p36 ( CDC42 ), 1p34 ( CDCA8 ) and 2q31 ( HOXD9 ), we evaluate the functional role of each candidate by perturbing expression of each gene in HGSOC precursor cells. Overexpression of HOXD9 increases anchorage-independent growth, shortens population-doubling time and reduces contact inhibition. Chromosome conformation capture identiﬁes an interaction between rs2857532 and the HOXD9 promoter, suggesting this SNP is a leading causal variant. Transcriptomic proﬁling after HOXD9 overexpression reveals enrichment of HGSOC risk variants within HOXD9 target genes ( P ¼ 6 (cid:3) 10 (cid:2) 10 for risk variants ( P o 10 (cid:2) 4 ) within 10 kb of a HOXD9 target gene in ovarian cells), suggesting a broader role for this network in genetic susceptibility to HGSOC.
Distributed Protocols for Oblivious Transfer and Polynomial Evaluation

A secure multiparty computation (MPC) allows several parties to compute a function over their inputs while keeping their inputs private. In its basic setting, the protocol involves only parties that hold inputs. In distributed MPC, there are also external servers who perform a distributed protocol that executes the needed computation, without learning information on the inputs and outputs. Here we propose distributed protocols for several fundamental MPC functionalities. We begin with a Distributed Scalar Product (DSP) protocol for computing scalar products of private vectors. We build upon DSP in designing various protocols for Oblivious Transfer (OT): k -out-of- N OT, Priced OT, and Generalized OT. We also use DSP for Oblivious Polynomial Evaluation (OPE) and Oblivious Multivariate Polynomial Evaluation (OMPE). All those problems involve a sender and a receiver that hold private vectors and they wish to compute their scalar product. However, in each of these problems the receiver must submit a vector of a specified form. Hence, a crucial ingredient in our protocols is a sub-protocol for validating that the receiver’s vector complies with the relevant restrictions, without learning anything else on that vector. Therefore, while previous studies presented distributed protocols for 1 -out-of- N OT and OPE, our protocols are the first ones that are secure against malicious receivers. Our distributed protocols for the other OT variants and for OMPE are the first ones that handle such problems. Our protocols offer information-theoretic security, under the assumption that the servers are semi-honest and have an honest majority, and they are very efficient.
fibril-Production and functional evaluation of nonfat dry milk with whey proteins as fibrils

Commercial manufacturing of dairy products involves the addition of dairy ingredients (such as nonfat dry milk and milk protein concentrates), as well as non-dairy additives (such as gums, stabilizers, emulsifiers, and texture modifiers) to get the best product appearance, maintain the product quality, and extend shelf life. Though these nondairy additives are not harmful, consumers do not prefer them in dairy food formulations. Therefore, the dairy industry is working on improving the inherent functionality of dairy ingredients using different processes. Recently, fibrillation emerged as a new technique to convert globular proteins such as whey proteins into fibrils, which provide enhanced viscosity, foaming, and emulsification capacity. Therefore, skim milk was subjected to microfiltration followed by ultrafiltration of microfiltration permeate to fraction-ate whey proteins. Then, whey proteins were selectively fibrillated and mixed back with other streams of micro-filtration and ultrafiltration to get fibrillated skim milk. Fibrillated skim milk was spray-dried to get fibrillated nonfat dry milk (NDM). Visible whey protein fibrils were observed in reconstituted fibrillated NDM, which showed survival of fibrils in fibrillated NDM. Fibrillated NDM showed significantly higher viscosity than control NDM. Fibrillated NDM also showed higher emulsification capacity, foaming capacity, and stability than the control NDM but lower gel strength. Considering the improved functionality of fibrillated NDM, they can be used in product formulations such as ice cream mix, where the thickening of a solution, good emulsification, and foaming properties are required.
Influence of Annealing Process on Structural and Optical Properties of SnS Thin Films

Thin film technology has helped offer an understanding of the crystalline structure of substances, further to the characteristics of electronic transitions and how they are used effectively in different applications. This research, focused on the effect of the process of annealing on the structural and optical characteristics of tin sulfide (SnS) thin films. The technique of thermal evaporation was used to synthesize the film samples under a vacuum of about 10 –7 mbar. The coated SnS thin films were annealed at 200 °C and the structural and optical characteristics parameters, such as absorbance and transmittance, as well as optical bandgap and band-tail energies in the range )300–1150( nm, were discussed. Under the influence of the annealing process
People who perceive themselves as active cannot identify the intensity recommended by the international physical activity guidelines

Background Many national and international organizations recommend that adults achieve at least 150 minutes of aerobic physical activity (PA) weekly, at a minimum moderate intensity to optimize health benefits. It is unknown if people who consider themselves as active have the ability to identify what is considered moderate intensity. Methods Fifty-one participants who reported achieving a minimum 150 minutes per week at a minimum of moderate intensity PA were recruited through a local fitness facility. All participants underwent a single assessment involving questionnaires, clinical measures, and a treadmill test to measure the ability to perceive moderate intensity. Following the visit, participants’ PA level was evaluated by heart rate monitor, while exercising, for 7 consecutive days. Results Eighty percent of participants overestimated moderate intensity on the treadmill test; they were at vigorous intensity compared to what is considered moderate. Only 11.8% of participants accurately identified moderate intensity; all of them were women (P=0.03), had a high level of education (P=0.04), and knew that moderate intensity was the minimum intensity recommended by health organizations (P<0.01). Only 69.2% of participants reached the aerobic component of the International Physical Activity Guidelines with no significant advantage for those correctly identifying moderate intensity. Conclusion Most people who perceive themselves as active are exercising at vigorous intensity while believing they are at moderate intensity. In addition, in this active sample, one-third of the participants were not reaching the aerobic component of the International Physical Activity Guidelines.
promoting effects of

Grin2d is an ionotropic NMDA receptor, a subunit of glutamate-dependent, and a facilitator of cellular calcium influx in neuronal tissue. In this study, we found that Grin2d expression was higher in esophageal cancer than in normal mucosa at both the mRNA and protein level using RT-PCR, bioinformatics analysis, and western blotting (p<0.05). Grin2d mRNA expression was positively correlated with old age, white race, heavy weight, distal location, adenocarcinoma, cancer with Barrett’s lesion, or high-grade columnar dysplasia (p<0.05). The differential genes associated with Grin2d mRNA were involved in fat digestion and absorption, cholesterol metabolism, lipid transfer, lipoproteins, synaptic membranes, and ABC transporters (p<0.05). The Grin2d-related genes were classified into the following categories: metabolism of glycerolipids, galactose, and O-glycan, cell adhesion binding, actin binding, cadherin binding, the Hippo signaling pathway, cell-cell junctions, desmosomes, DNA-transcription activator binding, and skin development and differentiation (p<0.05). Grin2d immunoreactivity was positively correlated with distal metastasis and unfavorable overall survival in esophageal cancer (p < 0.05). Grin2d overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion in esophageal cancer cells but blocked apoptosis (p<0.05) and increased the expression of PI3K, Akt and p-mTOR. Grin2d knockout caused the opposite effects. These findings indicated that upregulated Grin2d expression played an important role in esophageal carcinogenesis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and might be a biological marker for aggressive tumor behavior and poor prognosis. Its silencing might represent a targeted therapy approach against esophageal cancer.
Syntaxonomy of the Numto Nature Park vegetation (north taiga, Western Siberia): 1. Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl et al. 1939

This paper is the first in a series of publications dedicated to the description of vegetation in the Numto Nature Park, which covers an area of 597189.5 hectares and is located in the northern part of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area (63°7'– 64°20'N 69°44'–71°45'E). The territory of the park is representative of the entire subzone of the northern taiga in the central part of Western Siberia. The initial stage of the study focused on determining the syntaxonomic diversity of forest vegetation belonging to the class Vaccinio–Piceetea Br. -Bl. in Br. -Bl et al. 1939. Nine associations (5 new ones, incl. 2 provisional), 2 subassociations, 10 variants, and 3 community types were identified and assigned to 4 alliances within 3 orders. A new alliance, Sphagno fimbriati–Pinion sibiricae all. nov., was proposed within the class Vaccinio–Piceetea, covering vegetation of swampy forest and wooded swamps in the valleys of small rivers and streams in the northern and middle taiga of Western Siberia. The plant communities are described on the basis of 180 geobotanical relevés. The t-SNE method, supplemented with cluster analysis, was employed to assess the degree of similarity between individual syntaxa. The article also discusses the issues related to the syntaxonomic affiliation of swampy forest and wooded swamps vegetation.
eCommons@AKU eCommons@AKU

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is a public health problem in Uganda that negatively impacts maternal and newborn health outcomes. However, IPVdisclosure and associated factors among pregnant women have remained poorly documented in southwestern Uganda. Therefore, this study determined IPV disclosure and associated factors among pregnant women attending a large City hospital. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 283 women attending Mbarara City Hospital Antenatal care (ANC) clinic were consecutively recruited into the study. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. This was administered by the research team and the exercise took over a month. That is; from 7 th January 2019 to 7 th February 2019. The collected data was entered in STATA, and it was analyzed using chi-square, and univariate logistic regression statistics. Results: Out of the 283 pregnant women who participated in the study, 199 of them, representing seventy-point three percent (70.3%), had reportedly experienced at least one type of IPV during their current pregnancy. However, nearly fifty percent of those that experienced IPV (49.7%, n = 99) disclosed it to a third party, while the majority disclosed it to their biological family member (66.7%), followed by their friends (55.5%), members of their husband’s family (35.3%), neighbors (12.1%), healthcare providers (9.1%), religious leaders (8.1%), and the police (3.1%). Gravidity, OR = 1.9(95% CI: 1.07–3.31, p = 0.027), parity OR = 1.9(95% CI: 1.08–3.34, p = 0.026) and witnessed IPV OR: 5.4(95% CI: 1.93–14.96; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with IPV disclosure. Conclusion: A large proportion of the pregnant women who experienced IPV did not disclose it to any third party. In addition to the above, pregnant women’s characteristics seem to have a strong influence on IPV disclosure. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to routinely screen for IPV during antenatal care if a high IPV disclosure rate is to be achieved.
Trinity College Digital Repository Trinity

This work presents a user-study evaluation of various visual and haptic feedback modes on a real telemanipulation platform. Of particular interest is the potential for haptic guidance virtual ﬁxtures and 3D-mapping techniques to enhance efﬁciency and awareness in a simple teleoperated valve turn task. An RGB-Depth camera is used to gather real-time color and geometric data of the remote scene, and the operator is presented with either a monocular color video stream, a 3D-mapping voxel representation of the remote scene, or the ability to place a haptic guidance virtual ﬁxture to help complete the telemanipulation task. The efﬁcacy of the feedback modes is then explored experimentally through a user study, and the different modes are compared on the basis of objective and subjective metrics. Despite the simplistic task and numerous evaluation metrics, results show that the haptic virtual ﬁxture resulted in signiﬁcantly better collision avoidance compared to 3D visualization alone. Anticipated performance enhancements were also observed moving from 2D to 3D visualization. Remaining comparisons lead to exploratory inferences that inform future direction for focused and statistically signiﬁcant studies.