Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determination of an Amazon Hot Reference Target for the On-Orbit Calibration of Microwave Radiometers

Abstract A physically based model is developed to determine hot calibration reference brightness temperatures (TBs) over depolarized regions in the Amazon rain forest. The model can be used to evaluate the end-to-end calibration of any satellite microwave radiometer operating at a frequency between 18 and 40 GHz and angle of incidence between nadir and 55°. The model is constrained by Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) TBs measured at 19.35, 22.2, and 37.0 GHz at a 53° angle of incidence and extrapolates/interpolates those measurements to other frequencies and incidence angles. The rms uncertainty in the physically based model is estimated to be 0.57 K. For instances in which coincident SSM/I measurements are not available, an empirical formula has been fit to the physical model to provide hot reference brightness temperature as a function of frequency, incidence angle, time of day, and day of year. The empirical formula has a 0.1-K rms deviation from the physically based model for annual averaged me.
Controller Area Network (CAN)

Up until now, we’ve considered our embedded control system to be self-contained: an algorithm implemented in software resident on a single microprocessor, communicating with its environment through sensors and actuators via peripheral devices such as an analog-to-digital converter. In fact, many embedded systems are distributed, consisting of multiple microprocessors communicating over one or more networks to accomplish shared tasks. For example, a modern automobile may have seventy or more microprocessors communicating over several networks to manage entertainment and navigation functions, central locking mechanisms, lighting and other vehicle systems. Safety systems such as air bags employ dedicated high speed network communication, as does powertrain control for communication between, for example, the engine and transmission controllers. Figure 1 illustrates some of the networks connecting automotive embedded systems [1, 2]. Although we will consider only wired networks, “wireless” is clearly a crucial technology for everything from assisted living to national defense [4], and wireless networking is a growing area of importance to the twenty-first century automobile. Applications include toll collection, fleet vehicle management, stolen vehicle tracking, automatic collision notification and remote diagnostics. One may expect that the confluence of in-vehicle and external communication technologies will lead to new information, entertainment and safety services such as the in-vehicle display of roadway emergency warnings or even active mitigation of collisions at intersections and vehicle-to-vehicle cooperation for improvement of safety and traffic flow [3].
Modeling Dwarfs for Workload Characterization

Workload characterization is an important concept in performance tuning and efficiency improvement of high performance computing systems. Not only does it allow a system to dynamically adjust resources, it also helps improve energy efficiency resulting in lower cost for computation. Nevertheless, lack of quantitative methods to describe workload characteristics prevents the system to work at its full potential. In this work, we proposed two discrete-time Markov chains, which can describe workload characteristics of a set of computational kernels, called Berkeley's "dwarfs". These discrete-time models were derived from the relationship between stalling in processor pipeline and resource usage behaviors of the workload. The models can quantitatively describe behaviors of each dwarf. Moreover, the model enables the concept of combining each dwarf to extend performance analysis over any arbitrary processes.
Faculteit Economie En Bedrijfskunde Tweekerkenstraat 2 B-9000 Gent Ontology-driven Business Modelling: Improving the Conceptual Representation of the Rea Ontology Ontology-driven Business Modelling: Improving the Conceptual Representation of the Rea Ontology

The authors would like to thank the participants of the second REA-technology workshop (Santorini, Greece), Sven Castelyn (VUB), Wilfried Lamahieu (KULeuven) and Roland Paemeleire (Ugent) for there very useful feedback and for sharing their own view and interpretation on the REA-ontology. Abstract. Business modelling research is increasingly interested in exploring how domain ontologies can be used as reference models for business models. The Resource Event Agent (REA) ontology is a primary candidate for the ontology-driven modelling of business processes because the REA point of view on business reality is close to the conceptual modelling perspective on business models. In this paper Ontology Engineering principles are employed to restructure REA in order to make it more suitable for ontology-driven business modelling. The redesigned conceptual representation of REA uses a single representation formalism, includes a more complete domain axiomatization (containing definitions of concepts, concept relations and ontological axioms), and is proposed as a meta-model to instantiate valid business models.
TREATING CONSTRAINTS AS OBJECTIVES FOR SINGLE-OBJECTIVE EVOLUTIONARY OPTIMIZATION

Abstract This paper presents a new approach to handle constraints using evolutionary algorithms. The new technique treats constraints as objectives, and uses a multiobjective optimization approach to solve the re-stated single-objective optimization problem. The new approach is compared against other numerical and evolutionary optimization techniques in several engineering optimization problems with different kinds of constraints. The results obtained show that the new approach can consistently outperform the other techniques using relatively small sub-populations, and without a significant sacrifice in terms of performance.
An Automatic Pipeline Monitoring System Based on PCA and SVM

— This paper proposes a novel system for monitoring the health of underground pipelines. Some of these pipelines transport dangerous contents and any damage incurred might have catastrophic consequences. However, most of these damage are unintentional and usually a result of surrounding construction activities. In order to prevent these potential damages, monitoring systems are indispensable. This paper focuses on acoustically recognizing road cutters since they prelude most construction activities in modern cities. Acoustic recognition can be easily achieved by installing a distributed computing sensor network along the pipelines and using smart sensors to “listen” for potential threat; if there is a real threat, raise some form of alarm. For efficient pipeline monitoring, a novel monitoring approach is proposed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was studied and applied. Eigenvalues were regarded as the special signature that could characterize a sound sample, and were thus used for the feature vector for sound recognition. The denoising ability of PCA could make it robust to noise interference. One class SVM was used for classifier. On-site experiment results show that the proposed PCA and SVM based acoustic recognition system will be very effective with a low tendency for raising false alarms.
Efficient Processing of Ad-Hoc Top-k Aggregate Queries in OLAP

In this paper, we develop a principled framework for efficient processing of ad-hoc top-k (ranking) aggregate queries in OLAP. Such queries provide the k groups with the highest aggregates to decision makers. Essen- tial support of top-k aggregate queries is lacking in cur- rent RDBMSs, which process such queries in a naand overkill materialize-group-sort scheme, therefore can be prohibitively inefficient. Our new framework is based on two fundamental properties, the Group-Ranking and Tuple- Ranking Principles. The principles dictate group-ordering and tuple-ordering requirement that together guide the query processor toward the optimal aggregate query pro- cessing. To realize the requirements, we propose a new execution model and address the challenges of implement- ing new query operators, enabling efficient top-k aggregate query plans that are both group-aware and rank-aware. The experimental study validates our framework by demonstrat- ing orders of magnitude performance improvement in the new query plans, compared with the traditional approach.
Song Learning, Early Nutrition and Sexual Selection in Songbirds

SYNOPSIS. The developmental processes through which songbirds acquire their species—typical songs have been well—studied from a proximate perspective, but less attention has been given to the ultimate question of why birds learn to sing. We present a new hypothesis for the adaptive significance of song learning in songbirds, suggesting that this specialized form of vocal development provides an indicator mechanism by which females can accurately assess the quality of potential mates. This hypothesis expands on the established idea that song can provide an indicator of male quality, but it explicitly links the variation in song expression that females use to choose mates to the developmental processes through which song is acquired. How well a male sings—reflected in repertoire size or in other learned features of a male's singing behavior—provides an honest indicator of quality because the timing of song learning and, more importantly, the timing of the development of brain structures mediating learning corresponds to a period in development during which young songbirds are most likely to undergo nutritional stress. This correspondence means that song learning can provide a sensitive indicator of early developmental history in general, which in turn reflects various aspects of the phenotypic and genotypic quality of a potential mate.
A Complete Sequence and Transcriptomic Analyses of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Mitochondrial Genome

Based on next-generation sequencing data, we assembled the mitochondrial (mt) genome of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) into a circular molecule of 715,001 bp in length. The mt genome of P. dactylifera encodes 38 proteins, 30 tRNAs, and 3 ribosomal RNAs, which constitute a gene content of 6.5% (46,770 bp) over the full length. The rest, 93.5% of the genome sequence, is comprised of cp (chloroplast)-derived (10.3% with respect to the whole genome length) and non-coding sequences. In the non-coding regions, there are 0.33% tandem and 2.3% long repeats. Our transcriptomic data from eight tissues (root, seed, bud, fruit, green leaf, yellow leaf, female flower, and male flower) showed higher gene expression levels in male flower, root, bud, and female flower, as compared to four other tissues. We identified 120 potential SNPs among three date palm cultivars (Khalas, Fahal, and Sukry), and successfully found seven SNPs in the coding sequences. A phylogenetic analysis, based on 22 conserved genes of 15 representative plant mitochondria, showed that P. dactylifera positions at the root of all sequenced monocot mt genomes. In addition, consistent with previous discoveries, there are three co-transcribed gene clusters–18S-5S rRNA, rps3-rpl16 and nad3-rps12–in P. dactylifera, which are highly conserved among all known mitochondrial genomes of angiosperms.
Oferta educativa de las cajas de compensación, hacia un horizonte de responsabilidad social

espanolEste documento es una aproximacion general a la oferta educativa de las cajas de compensacion familiar y su aporte a la formacion del tejido social acorde a los desafios territoriales, considerando algunas caracteristicas de las instituciones del sistema de subsidio familiar. El proceso surge de la revision del “Libro blanco del sistema de subsidio familiar”; la tesis de pregrado de la Facultad de Ciencia Politica de la Universidad del Rosario, titulada “Analisis de la evolucion de la figura de las cajas de compensacion familiar en Colombia como entes gestoras de la seguridad social para el periodo comprendido entre 1954 y 2009, estudio de caso Cafam”; el documento desarrollado por la Universidad Externado de Colombia, titulado “Las cajas del subsidio familiar como operadores de politica social” ; el documento generado por Asocajas en conjunto con la Corporacion para el desarrollo de la seguridad social “Perspectivas del sistema de subsidio familiar” y, finalmente, de las consideraciones emanadas de un analisis de la informacion dispuesta por Asocajas y de la informacion tomada de las diferentes paginas web de las 43 cajas de compensacion analizadas. EnglishThis document is an overview of the educational offer generated by the family compensation funds and their contribution to the commitment of social tissue formation according to the territorial challenges, considering some characteristics of the institutions of family subsidy system. The process is stated from the review of the "White Paper of the family subsidy system" (ILO, 2014); the undergraduate thesis from the Faculty of Political Science of Del Rosario University "Analysis of the evolution of the figure of the family compensation funds in Colombia as managers of social security for the period between 1954 and 2009, Case Study Cafam "(Cortes, 2011); the document developed by Externado University entitled "The institutions of the family subsidy system as operators of social policy" (Carrasco and Farne, 2010); the document developed by Asocajas in conjuction with Corporacion para el desarrollo de la seguridad social “Perspectives of family subsidy system” (Asocajas y Codess, 2014); and finally, considering the development of an analysis of the information provided by Asocajas, and the information taken from the different web pages of the 43 institutions of the family subsidy system that were analyzed.
pH-dependent modulation of intracellular free magnesium ions with ion-selective electrodes in papillary muscle of guinea pig

A change in pH can alter the intracellular concentration of electrolytes such as intracellular Ca2+ and Na+ ([Na+]i) that are important for the cardiac function. For the determination of the role of pH in the cardiac magnesium homeostasis, the intracellular Mg2+ concentration ([Mg2+]i), membrane potential and contraction in the papillary muscle of guinea pigs using ion-selective electrodes changing extracellular pH ([pH]o) or intracellular pH ([pH]i) were measured in this study. A high CO2-induced low [pH]o causes a significant increase in the [Mg2+]i and [Na+]i, which was accompanied by a decrease in the membrane potential and twitch force. The high [pH]o had the opposite effect. These effects were reversible in both the beating and quiescent muscles. The low [pH]o-induced increase in [Mg2+]i occurred in the absence of [Mg2+]o. The [Mg2+]i was increased by the low [pH]i induced by propionate. The [Mg2+]i was increased by the low [pH]i induced by NH4Cl-prepulse and decreased by the recovery of [pH]i induced by the removal of NH4Cl. These results suggest that the pH can modulate [Mg2+]i with a reverse relationship in heart, probably by affecting the intracellular Mg2+ homeostasis, but not by Mg2+ transport across the sarcolemma.
A current-source inverter fed induction motor drive system with reduced losses

Standard low and medium induction power motor drives are based on the PWM voltage source inverter (VSI) fed from a diode rectifier. The dual topology, based on the current source inverter/rectifier structure is used in medium and high power applications. This paper addresses some of the drawbacks of this approach compared to the voltage source approach. The proposed drive features: (a) an on-line operated PWM inverter, using instantaneous output capacitor voltage control based on space vector modulation; (b) a line-synchronized PWM rectifier, with DC bus current control; and (c) an additional inverter modulation index control loop, ensuring a constant inverter modulation index. The resulting advantages include: (a) ruggedness and inherent continuous regeneration capability; (b) near unity global input power factor; (c) reduced motor voltage distortion; (d) reduced DC bus inductor and switch conduction losses; (e) fast motor dynamic response; and (f) elimination of motor circuit resonances. Simulated and experimental results based on a DSP implementation are given.
A Survival Analysis of Adolescent Friendships

The present study examined whether adolescent friendships dissolve because of characteristics of friends, differences between friends, or both. Participants were 410 adolescents (201 boys, 209 girls; mean age = 13.20 years) who reported a total of 573 reciprocated friendships that originated in the seventh grade. We conducted discrete-time survival analyses, in which peer nominations and teacher ratings collected in Grade 7 predicted the occurrence and timing of friendship dissolution across Grades 8 to 12. Grade 7 individual characteristics were unrelated to friendship stability, but Grade 7 differences in sex, peer acceptance, physical aggression, and school competence predicted subsequent friendship dissolution. The findings suggest that compatibility is a function of similarity between friends rather than the presence or absence of a particular trait.
Evolution of Communication-Based Collaborative Behavior in Homogeneous Robots

In the field of collective robotics much research has been devoted to the study of coordinated and cooperative behaviours where typically all the robots play the same function. Much less attention has been devoted to the development of groups of robots that play different roles (robot teams), probably because evolutionary collective robotics tend to use groups of homogeneous robots, in which role differentiation poses difficult challenges. In the few Evolutionary robotics studies in which role differentiation has been demonstrated such differentiation depends exclusively on the robots physical interactions, making the solutions found by evolution quite fragile, in particular with respect to the number of robots that form the group. In this paper we apply a method for role differentiation developed in previous work to the evolution of teams of homogeneous robots in which role differentiation is based on a dedicated communication channel. Our evolved robots are able to negotiate their role through communication and perform very effectively their collaborative task, which requires that one robot is sent to a ’mission’ away from the group while all other robots remain in a ’home’. Our simulations also show that the method proposed, based on the rewarding of communication-based role differentiation, is necessary for the evolution of the desired behaviour. Finally, we show that since role differentiation is based on communication and not only on robot physical interactions, evolved solutions are considerably robust with respect to the number of robots composing the group.
LiDAR Remote Sensing of Forest Structure and GPS Telemetry Data Provide Insights on Winter Habitat Selection of European Roe Deer

The combination of GPS-Telemetry and resource selection functions is widely used to analyze animal habitat selection. Rapid large-scale assessment of vegetation structure allows bridging the requirements of habitat selection studies on grain size and extent, particularly in forest habitats. For roe deer, the cold period in winter forces individuals to optimize their trade off in searching for food and shelter. We analyzed the winter habitat selection of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in a montane forest landscape combining estimates of vegetation cover in three different height strata, derived from high resolution airborne Laser-scanning (LiDAR, Light detection and ranging), and activity data from GPS telemetry. Specifically, we tested the influence of temperature, snow height, and wind speed on site selection, differentiating between active and resting animals using mixed-effects conditional logistic regression models in a case-control design. Site selection was best explained by temperature deviations from hourly means, snow height, and activity status of the animals. Roe deer tended to use forests of high canopy cover more frequently with decreasing temperature, and when snow height exceeded 0.6 m. Active animals preferred lower canopy cover, but higher understory cover. Our approach demonstrates the potential of LiDAR measures for studying fine scale habitat selection in complex three-dimensional habitats, such as forests.
Compact circular polarization microstrip antenna

This paper proposes a compact circular polarization microstrip antenna with left-hand circular polarization property (LHCP) for wireless communications system (U-NII 5 GHz band) at 5.7 GHz. In this design, the insertion feed is used to improve the bandwidth and input impedance of the antenna. A designed tapered-slot can act as the second signal source to remove the need of the external second signal source. The axial ratio (~2) and the radiation pattern results prove that the designed antenna meet the criteria of left-hand circular polarization property (LHCP).
A ug 2 00 5 Non-standard Hamiltonian effects on neutrino oscillations

We investigate non-standard Hamiltonian effects on neutrino oscillations which are effective additional contributions to the vacuum Hamiltonian similar to the Mikheyev–Smirnov– Wolfenstein matter potential. In this context, we develop a general framework for such effects with two neutrino flavors and discuss the extension to three neutrino flavors. The effects are classified as either flavor or mass effects, which both can be conserving or violating (changing). In both flavor and mass bases, we derive the effective neutrino oscillation parameters due to these effects. In addition, we find that the resonance condition is modified for flavor conserving effects as well as for both mass conserving and violating effects. The non-standard Hamiltonian effects on the effective mixing and the two-flavor appearance probability are visualized and described in detail. Furthermore, we point out the difference of non-standard Hamiltonian effects from so-called “damping effects” on neutrino oscillations probabilities, which we have recently studied in another paper. Finally, we discuss experimental strategies how one could test and identify non-standard effects in future neutrino experiments. Email: mbl@theophys.kth. se Email: tommy@theophys.kth. se Email: winter@ias.edu
A Role for Myosin-I in Actin Assembly through Interactions with Vrp1p, Bee1p, and the Arp2/3 Complex

Type I myosins are highly conserved actin-based molecular motors that localize to the actin-rich cortex and participate in motility functions such as endocytosis, polarized morphogenesis, and cell migration. The COOH-terminal tail of yeast myosin-I proteins, Myo3p and Myo5p, contains an Src homology domain 3 (SH3) followed by an acidic domain. The myosin-I SH3 domain interacted with both Bee1p and Vrp1p, yeast homologues of human WASP and WIP, adapter proteins that link actin assembly and signaling molecules. The myosin-I acidic domain interacted with Arp2/3 complex subunits, Arc40p and Arc19p, and showed both sequence similarity and genetic redundancy with the COOH-terminal acidic domain of Bee1p (Las17p), which controls Arp2/3-mediated actin nucleation. These findings suggest that myosin-I proteins may participate in a diverse set of motility functions through a role in actin assembly.