Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
OH incorporation and retention in eclogite-facies garnets from the Zermatt–Saas area (Switzerland) and their contribution to the deep water cycle

Abstract. The incorporation mechanisms of OH groups in garnet were investigated in a suite of high-pressure rocks from the Zermatt–Saas area (Switzerland) using a combination of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA). Investigated garnet specimens include grossular–andradite–uvarovite solid solutions in serpentinite and rodingite and almandine–grossular–pyrope–spessartine solid solutions in eclogite, mafic fels and meta-sediment. All rocks experienced the same peak metamorphic conditions corresponding to a burial depth of ∼ 80 km (∼ 540 ∘C, 2.3 GPa), allowing determination of the OH content in garnet as a function of rock type. The capacity for OH incorporation into garnet strongly depends on its composition. Andradite-rich (400–5000 µg g−1 H2O) and grossular-rich garnet (200–1800 µg g−1 H2O) contain at least 1 order of magnitude more H2O than almandine-rich garnet (< 120 µg g−1 H2O). Microscale analyses using FTIR and EPMA profiles and maps reveal the preservation of OH zoning throughout the metamorphic history of the samples. The OH content correlates strongly with Mn, Ca and Ti zoning and produces distinct absorption bands that are characteristic of multiple nano-scale OH environments. The use of 2D diffusion modelling suggests that H diffusion rates in these rocks is as low as log(D[m2 s−1]) = −24.5 at 540 ∘C. Data were collected for the main garnet-bearing rock types of the Zermatt–Saas area allowing a mass balance model of H2O to be calculated. The result shows that ∼ 3360 kg H2O km−1 (section of oceanic crust) yr−1 could be transported by garnet in the subducting slab beyond 80 km depth and contributed to the deep-Earth water cycle during the Eocene subduction of the Piemonte–Liguria Ocean.
Is There a Difference in the Distribution of Mechanoreceptors among the Three Sections of the Anterior Talofibular Ligament?

Background: We investigated whether the distribution of mechanoreceptors in three sections of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) differed. Methods: The ATFL was obtained from 29 ankles of 21 fresh-frozen cadavers and divided into fibular attachment, mid-ligament, and talar attachment parts. Histologically, mechanoreceptors were classified as Ruffini (type I), Vater–Pacini (type II), Golgi–Mazzoni (type III), and free nerve ending corpuscles (type IV); the presence of these mechanoreceptors was compared among the three ATFL sections. Results: Type I mechanoreceptors were significantly more numerous than the other receptor types. Comparing the three sections of the ATFL, the number of type I mechanoreceptors differed significantly between the mid-ligament and fibular attachment (p = 0.006), while the number of type III mechanoreceptors differed significantly between the talar and fibular attachments (p = 0.005) and between the mid-ligament and talar attachment (p = 0.011). Conclusions: The four types of mechanoreceptors were distributed differently among the three sections of the ATFL. Type I mechanoreceptors were more numerous in all sections compared to the other receptors.
Gravity shift : how Asia's new economic powerhouses will shape the twenty-first century

Preface 1. Why Are They Growing So Fast? 2. Developing Human Capital 3. Finance: Sharper Scissors Required 4. From Latecomers to Technology Titans? 5. Sprints, Spurts, and Stumbling Blocks 6. As Gravity Shifts 7. The New Asian Powerhouses and the World Economy in 2030 Notes Bibliography Acknowledgments Index
Adaptive governance for a changing coastline: science, policy and publics in search of a sustainable future

The risks of coastal flooding and erosion in the UK are changing in response to the likely effects of climate change, natural isostatic readjustment and the consequences of hard coastal defence initiatives which have lead to coastal instability elsewhere. In addition to the considerable uncertainty brought about by these factors, there has been a significant, strategic shift in national coastal management policy in England away from investing in expensive ‘hard’ engineered defence, toward designing a more naturally functioning coastline. This policy change (Defra, 2005a) has come about in light of questions being asked about the physical sustainability (and increasing cost) of a reliance on engineered defences. This means that many coastal communities of varying size in England are now facing a situation of great unease and anxiety about their future; new policy preferences for retreat and realignment mean no future guarantees of protection. Coastal governance arrangements at national to local scales have not yet adequately responded to the new strategic outlook; the national shift of priority has not been matched by any compensation package or appropriate initiatives to promote the development and delivery of associated adaptation requirements in such locations. Drawing on Tyndall Centre research, this chapter presents an analysis of the governance setting for the management of England's changing coastline (O'Riordan et al., 2006, 2008; Milligan and O'Riordan, 2007; Milligan et al., 2009).
Exploring the Highest Sierra

Preface 1. Introduction 2. Exploration 3. Mapping 4. Time, minerals, rocks, and plates 5. Metamorphic rocks 6. Granitic rocks 7. Mineral deposits 8. Cenozoic volcanic rocks 9. Glaciers and glaciation 10. Landslides 11. Geologic structures 12. Afterword Appendix Index.
The effects of seasonal differences in climatic conditions on Landsat spectral signatures and associated land cover classification

Unsupervised classification algorithms are used to analyze Landsat computer-compatible tape data for an area of approximately 840 sq km in central Oklahoma, over the period from June 12 to August 4, 1979. The results obtained show that changes in remotely sensed spectral signatures and land cover classes are associated with a period of transition from moisture availability in late spring to moisture deficit in midsummer, with the latter being marked by greater visible spectrum reflectance and greater near-IR absorption, although each surface cover type has responded differently to the seasonal change in water availability. Consideration of these results has led to the identification of important factors in the use of multidate satellite data in environmental change monitoring. Naturally induced trends in surface albedo introduce noise into studies aimed at identifying anthropogenic land cover change. Specific problems associated with prairie-forest ecotonal areas in the southern Great Plains involve the seasonally induced differences in separability of forest, bush, and grassland cover types.
FDM: Fused Double-Multiply Design for Low-Latency and Area- and Power-Efficient Implementation

The double-multiply (DM) operation <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(x \times y \times z)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is frequently used in computing. The traditional design based on two serial multipliers (without fusion) leads to significant area requirements and critical path delays of the circuit. In this brief, we propose a fused double-multiply (FDM) design for low-latency and area- and power-efficient implementation. In the first multiplication operation, the modified Booth (MB) encodings of the carry <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(C)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and sum <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(S)$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are generated separately instead of being added to each other directly. After the partial products are compressed to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$S$ </tex-math></inline-formula> by the carry-skip adder (CSA), <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(C+S)\times z$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is calculated via the fused add–multiply (FAM) technique. Synthesized results show that the proposed hardware achieves an 11.54% reduction in the minimum delay compared with the traditional design. In addition, our design saves 17.40% area and 26.86% power compared to the traditional design when achieving the same delay.
Branding Neurodiversity: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Communicative Capitalism and Change Empowerment Among Neurodiversity Workforce Intermediaries

ABSTRACT This study explores the critical nexus of communicative capitalism, neurodiverse employment, and DEI in public relations research. Through a critical discourse analysis of the owned and shared media of 13 neurodiversity workforce intermediaries (NWIs), we investigate how NWIs brand neurodiversity and their relationships with their publics against the backdrop of communicative capitalism. Our analysis unearthed power-laden tensions in traditional and novel brandings of neurodiversity, as well as ambivalent orientations that concurrently advocate for social change and economic productivity. We argue that attempts at change empowerment are short circuited by capitalist logics that value only those narrow elements of neurodiversity that fit within a business case for diversity.
Petrochronologic constraints on inverted metamorphism, terrane accretion, thrust stacking, and ductile flow in the Gneiss Dome belt, northern Appalachian orogen

Gneiss domes are an integral element of many orogenic belts and commonly provide tectonic windows into deep crustal levels. Gneiss domes in the New England segment of the Appalachian orogen have been classically associated with diapirism and fold interference, but alternative models involving ductile flow have been proposed. We evaluate these models in the Gneiss Dome belt of western New England with U‐Th‐Pb monazite, xenotime, zircon, and titanite petrochronology and major and trace element thermobarometry. These data constrain distinct pressure–temperature–time (P‐T‐t) paths for each unit in the gneiss dome belt tectono‐stratigraphy. The structurally lowest units, Laurentia‐derived migmatitic gneisses of the Waterbury dome, document two stages of metamorphism (455–435 and 400–370 Ma) with peak Acadian metamorphic conditions of ~1.0–1.2 GPa at 750–780°C at 391 ± 7 to 386 ± 4 Ma. The next structurally higher unit, the Gondwana‐derived Taine Mountain Formation, records Taconic (peak conditions: 0.6 GPa, 600°C at 441 ± 4 Ma) and Acadian (peak: 0.8–1.0 GPa, 650°C at 377 ± 4 Ma) metamorphism. The overlying Collinsville Formation yielded a 473 ± 5 Ma crystallization age and evidence for metamorphic conditions of 650°C at 436 ± 4 Ma and 1.2–1.0 GPa, 750–775°C at 397 ± 4 to 385 ± 6 Ma. The structurally higher Sweetheart Mountain Member of the Collinsville Formation yielded only Acadian zircon, monazite, and xenotime dates and evidence for high‐pressure granulite facies metamorphism (1.8 GPa, 815°C) at circa 380–375 Ma. Cover rocks of the dome‐mantling The Straits Schist records peak conditions of ~1 GPa, 700°C at 386 ± 6 to 380 ± 4 Ma. Garnet breakdown to monazite and/or xenotime occurred in all units at circa 375–360 and 345–330 Ma. Peak Acadian metamorphic pressures increase systematically from the structurally lowest to highest units (from 1.0 to 1.8 GPa). This inverted metamorphic sequence is incompatible with the diapiric and fold interference models, which predict the highest pressures at the structurally lowest levels. Based upon P‐T‐t and structural data, we prefer a model involving, first, circa 380 Ma thrust stacking followed by syn‐collisional orogen parallel extension, ductile flow, and rise of the domes between 380 and 365 Ma. Garnet breakdown at circa 345–330 Ma is interpreted to reflect further exhumation during collapse of the Acadian orogenic plateau. These results highlight the power of integrating petrologic constraints with paired geochemical and geochronologic data from multiple chronometers to test structural and tectonic models and show that syn‐convergent orogen parallel ductile flow dramatically modified earlier accretion‐related structures in New England. Further, the Gneiss Dome belt documents gneiss dome development in a syn‐collisional, thick crust setting, providing an ancient example of middle to lower crustal processes that may be occurring today in the modern Himalaya and Pamir Range.
Serpentinite emplacement and deformation in western Puerto Rico and their implications for the Caribbean -North America plate boundary tectonic history

Serpentinite emplacement in southwestern Puerto Rico indicates a complex plate boundary history between the Caribbean and North America plates. In this study we investigate the kinematics of shear planes within the serpentinite to improve constraints on the tectonic evolution of the region. Shear planes collected within the Monte del Estado and Rio Guanajibo serpentinites reveal two predominant groups. One group comprises northwesterly-striking thrust faults and easterly-striking left-lateral faults. A second group comprises northwesterly-striking right-lateral faults and easterly-striking thrust faults. These shear zones reveal two shortening directions that trend NE-SW and N-S. The N-directed shortening is interpreted be older and subsequent stress reactivated the shear planes. The SW-directed shortening is attributed to transpression that caused contraction, uplift, and left-lateral shearing of serpentinite. A subsidiary younger group comprising fewer faults consists of northerly-directed thrusts and northwesterly-directed left-lateral faults and may be related to the last transpressional deformation within Puerto Rico.Thin-section observations show that porphyroclastic peridotite with pyroxenes that are kinked, show deformation lamellae, undulose extinction, and define foliation and lineation. Olivine shows a granuloblastic texture, and many crystals are strain-free and show polygonization indicating recrystallization. These textures indicate high temperature deformation that formed prior to serpentinization. Crystal-plastic deformation, recorded by serpentine mylonite and serpentine veins, was followed by brittle faulting. These structures demonstrate that the serpentinite was deformed and uplifted by tectonic stresses at the Caribbean-North America plate boundary zone and not by diapirism as a result of buoyancy differences within the crust.In southwestern Puerto Rico serpentinite emplacement has been described as first by collisional processes and second by diapirism. Structure mapping of the Monte del Estado and Rio Guanajibo serpentinite bodies indicate that serpentinite was emplaced by thrusts verging towards the southwest in early Tertiary time. The thrust faults are mostly blind and produced fault-propagation folds in the overlying Late Cretaceous and Tertiary volcano-sedimentary cover. Low-angle thrusts are exposed in places at the southern contact of the Monte del Estado and Rio Guanajibo serpentinite bodies and are interpreted to form part of the transpression that occurred in middle Tertiary at the boundary of the Caribbean-North America plates.
PBSNet: pseudo bilateral segmentation network for real-time semantic segmentation

Abstract. Achieving real-time performance while maintaining high accuracy in semantic segmentation can be a challenging task. Many existing methods adopt multi-branch architectures to extract both spatial and semantic information, resulting in increased computational complexity and a lack of communication between branches. We propose a pseudo bilateral segmentation network (PBSNet) that can extract rich spatial and semantic features from a single path, without incurring additional computational cost or time consumption. Our proposed PBSNet utilizes a semantic enhancement module to explore the relationship between high-level semantic features, an interchange module to enhance feature representation through bi-directional vertical propagation and adaptive spatial attention, and an attention fusion module to aggregate multi-scale features to produce the final segmentation prediction. Our results on the Cityscapes dataset demonstrate the superiority of PBSNet over state-of-the-art methods, achieving a balance of accuracy and efficiency with 74.52% mean intersection over union and 82.5 frames per second.
FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF COFFEE BUSINESS INDUSTRY IN TEMANGGUNG REGENCY OF CENTRAL JAVA

Coffee is a valuable commodity whose popularity is increasing and substantially contributes to economic growth. Coffee is an essential asset on a global scale, and the market has been continuously rising over the past 30 years. Temanggung, in Central Java, is one of the most well-known coffee-producing regions with a unique character. Temanggung is remarkable because it has two geographical indication certificates, Sindoro Sumbing Arabica, and Temanggung Robusta, and is the largest Arabica and Robusta coffee-producing area in Central Java. This study aimed to investigate the competitive landscape using Porter's Five Forces by applying qualitative research to the coffee business in Temanggung. The study's findings revealed that by understanding the capabilities of each force in the industry for each category of business actor and coffee bean type, stakeholders could gain unique knowledge about the coffee industry, particularly the problems throughout the value chain. This research is useful in assisting business actors and other stakeholders in making the best possible decisions. Finally, this research can assist central and local governments in efficiently promoting Indonesia's increasingly promising coffee sector in the future.
Monolithic on-chip mid-IR methane gas sensor with waveguide-integrated detector

We demonstrate a monolithic waveguide sensor integrated with a detector on-chip for mid-infrared absorption spectroscopic sensing. The optical sensing element comprises a chalcogenide glass spiral waveguide, and the detector is a PbTe photoconductor integrated directly with the chalcogenide waveguide. The limit of detection of the sensor for methane gas was experimentally assessed to be 1% by volume. Further optimization of the fabrication process and normalization of the laser power fluctuations should result in a maximum sensitivity of 330 ppmv.We demonstrate a monolithic waveguide sensor integrated with a detector on-chip for mid-infrared absorption spectroscopic sensing. The optical sensing element comprises a chalcogenide glass spiral waveguide, and the detector is a PbTe photoconductor integrated directly with the chalcogenide waveguide. The limit of detection of the sensor for methane gas was experimentally assessed to be 1% by volume. Further optimization of the fabrication process and normalization of the laser power fluctuations should result in a maximum sensitivity of 330 ppmv.
Superresolution Forward-Looking Imaging With Greedy Pursuit for High-Speed Dynamic Platform Under Optimized Doppler Convolution Model

Devolution technique and linear inversion can be utilized in forward-looking imaging radar. However, complicated forward-looking geometry with curve trajectory for high-speed dynamic platform makes the traditional model mismatched and the conventional method inefficient. In this article, a superresolution forward-looking imaging algorithm based on extended sparsity and step-size adaptive matching pursuit (ESSAMP) under the optimized Doppler convolution model is proposed. The main contributions are that the multidomain cascade phase factor (MCPF) is constructed to compensate for unified range cell migration introduced by complicated forward-looking geometry and high-order phase introduced by 3-D acceleration. Then, the optimized Doppler convolution model for forward-looking imaging is derived. The modified overcomplete dictionary with Doppler phase information is then fully exploited to perform the Doppler deconvolution. Besides, the forward-looking imaging problem is solved by the proposed ESSAMP method. Numerical simulations validate that the proposed algorithm is effective to reconstruct forward-looking scenarios, robust to noise, and efficient to implement.
Low-Dimensional Structures for Smart Materials and Composites: Preparation, Properties and Applications

The Special Issue covers low-dimensional structures or systems with reduced spatial dimensions, resulting in unique properties. The classification of these materials according to their dimensionality (0D, 1D, 2D, etc.) emerged from nanoscience and nanotechnology. One review and eighteen research articles highlight recent developments and perspectives in the field of low-dimensional structures and demonstrate the potential of low-dimensional systems in various fields, from nanomaterials for energy applications to biomedical sensors and biotechnology sector.
Negative tourism rumors towards user online citizenship behavior: the differential influence of correction sources

Purpose Negative rumors damage the destination’s image and tourist experience. This study aims to compare how rumor correction sources (government vs business vs tourist) affect user online citizenship behavior (UOCB). Design/methodology/approach Based on the stimuli-organism-response framework, a hypothetical model was established from rumor correction to UOCB. Three scenario experiments (more than 1,000 valid samples) were designed. Study 1 illustrated the effects of different rumor corrections, Study 2 was designed to verify the mediating effects of sympathy and perceived information authenticity (PIA) and the robustness of results was demonstrated in Study 3. Findings Government correction elicited the highest sympathy and PIA. Business correction was less than tourist correction in arousing sympathy but better than tourist correction in enhancing PIA. Sympathy and PIA had a mediating effect on the relationship between rumor correction and UOCB. Practical implications This study helps to identify the different advantages of rumor correctors and provides insights to prevent the deterioration of negative tourism rumors or even reverse these crises. Originality/value This study innovates research perspective of negative tourism rumor governance, expands the understanding of the effect and process of rumor correction and enriches the research content of tourism crisis communication.
Retinal Progenitor Cells Exhibit Cadherin-Dependent Chemotaxis across Transplantable Extracellular Matrix of In Vitro Developmental and Adult Models

Retinal degeneration is an escalating public health challenge, as diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa cause irreversible vision loss in millions of adults each year. Regenerative medicine has pioneered the development of stem cell replacement therapies, which treat degeneration by replacing damaged retinal neurons with transplanted stem-like cells (SCs). While the collective migration of SCs plays critical roles during retinal development, our understanding of collective SC behaviors within biomaterials transplanted into adult tissue remains understudied. This project examines the potential therapeutic impacts of collective SC migration during transplantation by correlating the expression of cadherin, cell-cell cohesion molecules that maintain intercellular communication during development, with receptor proteins of chemoattractant molecules prevalent in degenerated adult tissue. Experiments examine these well-conserved biomechanisms by using two different model organisms: Drosophila melanogaster, a seminal model for retinal development, and Mus, an important preclinical model for transplantation. Results indicate that SCs from both animal models significantly upregulate cadherin expression to achieve more directed collective migration towards species-specific chemoattractants and exhibit longer distance motility upon different extracellular matrix substrates.