Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Proposal for Enhancing and Measuring Infant-Directed Maternal Utterances and Incidental Teaching within the SafeCare® Parent-Infant Interaction Module

Child maltreatment is a serious and pervasive public health problem in the United States. In 2008, there were 772,000 children who were substantiated victims of maltreatment and 1,740 children died as a result of maltreatment. Approximately 33 percent of maltreatment victims were under the age of four. Among numerous other negative sequelae, children who have been maltreated have an elevated incidence of language delay and poor cognitive functioning, both strong predictors of literacy skills and later academic achievement. Further, maternal language input is critical to a child’s cognitive development and language acquisition. Maltreating mothers provide their children with far less verbal stimulation and are less likely to engage their children in learning opportunities. Home visiting programs are effective means of preventing child maltreatment or further maltreatment by parents and may be better utilized to improve language of children. SafeCare® represents one such program. It is an evidence-based program for the treatment and prevention of child maltreatment, consisting of four modules: ParentInfant Interaction (PII), Parent-Child Interaction (PCI), Health and Safety. The purpose of the proposed research is to determine whether PII or a language-enhanced version of the module is effective in increasing the number of maternal utterances with her infant and the frequency of incidental teaching. The enhanced PII segment was created, not only to be an effective tool for promoting language, but also to be succinct enough to imbed into the extant protocols so as not to add a cumbersome burden to SafeCare home visitors or parents participating in the program.
Matrix homeostasis in aging normal human ankle cartilage.

OBJECTIVE To study age-related (as opposed to arthritis-related) changes in collagen and proteoglycan turnover. METHODS Macroscopically nondegenerate normal ankle cartilage obtained from 30 donors (ages 16-75 years) was processed for in situ hybridization to detect messenger RNA (mRNA) of type IIB collagen (CIIB); antibodies to the C-propeptide of type II collagen (CPII), to the type II collagen (CII) collagenase-generated cleavage neoepitope (Col2-3/4C(short)), and to the CII denaturation product (Col2-3/4m) were used for immunohistochemistry analysis and immunoassay. In addition, immunoblotting was used to detect the 4 collagenases. Assays were also performed to detect glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and the 846 epitope of aggrecan. RESULTS There were no significant changes in CII, GAG, and the content of the 846 epitope after the age of 30 years. Both mRNA for CIIB and the CPII were present in all zones, and CPII content did not change significantly with age. While the collagenase-cleaved CII showed a trend to increase with age, the denatured collagen did not. However, the molar ratio of cleaved versus denatured collagen was positively correlated with age. All 4 collagenases were detectable in the ankle cartilage but showed no identifiable changes in content with age. CONCLUSION Synthesis and degradation of CII is associated with the pericellular matrix and is maintained at a steady state throughout life. The contents of CII and proteoglycan did not change. There was a significant reduction in the denaturation of CII with age, relative to collagenase-mediated cleavage. These observations reveal that, in aging of the intact ankle articular cartilage, there is no evidence of molecular degenerative changes of the kind observed in osteoarthritis, thereby distinguishing aging from the osteoarthritis process.
A Semantic-Based Approach for Artist Similarity

This paper describes and evaluates a method for computing artist similarity from a set of artist biographies. The proposed method aims at leveraging semantic information present in these biographies, and can be divided in three main steps, namely: (1) entity linking, i.e. detecting mentions to named entities in the text and linking them to an external knowledge base; (2) deriving a knowledge representation from these mentions in the form of a semantic graph or a mapping to a vector-space model; and (3) computing semantic similarity between documents. We test this approach on a corpus of 188 artist biographies and a slightly larger dataset of 2,336 artists, both gathered from Last.fm. The former is mapped to the MIREX Audio and Music Similarity evaluation dataset, so that its similarity judgments can be used as ground truth. For the latter dataset we use the similarity between artists as provided by the Last.fm API. Our evaluation results show that an approach that computes similarity over a graph of entitiesand semantic categories clearly outperforms a baseline that exploits word co-occurrences and latent factors.
A Critique of Some Indices of Syntactic Maturity.

The need for an objective and reliable index of children's language development was recognized many years ago. In a study reported nearly forty years ago, Anderson (1937) evaluated by statistical methods three indices of language development. He analyzed data on sentence length and pronoun index but was primarily interested in the subordination index, a measure of syntactic complexity that had been devised a short time earlier by LaBrant (1933) . Anderson was concerned with the generality of LaBrant's index and in the possibility of developing an easily applied and uniform measuring device. Because of such variables as composition length, subject matter, and situations in which language is used, he drew negative conclusions about generalized application of the subordination index. He recognized, however, the existence of ". a fertile field for the development of indices based on common subject matter, well-categorized scales, and adequate samples from the standpoint of length of passage. " Despite Anderson's findings, subsequent investigations of children's language relied heavily on mean sentence length and the subordination index; and, during the following twenty-five years, not much progress was made toward an easily applied and uniform index of language development. Techniques of linguistic analysis developed in the early 1960's, however, offered new hope that such an index could be devised.
Toward a Semi-Self-Paced EEG Brain Computer Interface: Decoding Initiation State from Non-Initiation State in Dedicated Time Slots

Brain computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a broad class of neurologically impaired individuals an alternative means to interact with the environment. Many BCIs are “synchronous” systems, in which the system sets the timing of the interaction and tries to infer what control command the subject is issuing at each prompting. In contrast, in “asynchronous” BCIs subjects pace the interaction and the system must determine when the subject’s control command occurs. In this paper we propose a new idea for BCI which draws upon the strengths of both approaches. The subjects are externally paced and the BCI is able to determine when control commands are issued by decoding the subject’s intention for initiating control in dedicated time slots. A single task with randomly interleaved trials was designed to test whether it can be used as stimulus for inducing initiation and non-initiation states when the sensory and motor requirements for the two types of trials are very nearly identical. Further, the essential problem on the discrimination between initiation state and non-initiation state was studied. We tested the ability of EEG spectral power to distinguish between these two states. Among the four standard EEG frequency bands, beta band power recorded over parietal-occipital cortices provided the best performance, achieving an average accuracy of 86% for the correct classification of initiation and non-initiation states. Moreover, delta band power recorded over parietal and motor areas yielded a good performance and thus could also be used as an alternative feature to discriminate these two mental states. The results demonstrate the viability of our proposed idea for a BCI design based on conventional EEG features. Our proposal offers the potential to mitigate the signal detection challenges of fully asynchronous BCIs, while providing greater flexibility to the subject than traditional synchronous BCIs.
A qualitative exploration of mattering and belonging in the transfer student experience

Limited research has been conducted on how students' experiences at the colleges in which they initially enroll factor into the decision of where to transfer once a decision to leave the initial institution is made. This study addresses the issue in a context of mattering and belonging among college students. The data analyzed for this qualitative study were gathered through one individual interview and three electronic mail reflection prompts with each of the participants. The results show that for first-generation students the idea that a college degree would lead to a better life than their parents had motivated them to continue with their higher education by transferring instead of dropping out altogether. The amount of financial aid offered to students is important in making the decision of where to enroll for both initial and transfer institutions. When a decision between two campuses is being considered, the institution offering the most financial aid tends to be the one chosen. How positive or negative social interactions are for students at their initial institutions play a role in their expectations for such interactions at a transfer institution. Students who experienced negative social interactions at the initial institution sought more positive social connections at their transfer institutions. Upon transferring, the students found they were more focused on their academic programs, both in terms of identifying a major field of study and in connecting with the faculty members. Regarding the importance of faculty in how students perceive whether or not they matter or belong at an institution, the study shows that negative interactions are likely to drive students away, while positive ones will encourage students and make them feel more like they are part of the campus community. Through this study, it was discovered that despite a student's feelings of being in the right place, sometimes situations arise that are beyond their control. These situations may force a student to leave an institution in which they have felt a strong sense of fit and that they belonged there.
Endoscopic and histological pitfalls in the diagnosis of celiac disease: A multicentre study assessing the current practice.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS the diagnosis of celiac disease requires small bowel biopsies to identify the characteristic mucosal changes. The current biopsy practice among endoscopists for celiac disease is in most part unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the different diagnostic policies in various centers in their current practice. METHOD information from a total of 931 confirmed celiac disease patients was retrospectively obtained retrospectively from nine centers in European and Middle Eastern countries. The number of small-bowel biopsies obtained from the duodenal bulb and the second part of the duodenum was compared among different centers. RESULTS the most frequent stage of mucosal changes amongst Iranian subjects was Marsh IIIa whereas in the rest of the study population was Marsh IIIc. Marsh I and Marsh II were more prevalent in adults (P < 0.05) and Marsh IIIc was significantly higher in pediatric ages between 1 and 15 (P < 0.05). The most common number of biopsy specimens obtained from Romanian subjects was 1 (52% of cases), followed by 2 for Iranian (56%), 3 for Lithuanian (66.7%) and British patients (65%) and 4 for Italian patients (48.3%). For majority of cases, anemia was the most prevalent symptom (18.7%) followed by malabsorption (10.5%), diarrhea (9.3%) and dyspepsia (8.2%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS despite the evidence-based recommendations, this study revealed a poor compliance with major guidelines on diagnosis of celiac disease. We emphasize that taking adequate number of duodenal biopsies should be implemented for an accurate diagnosis and also for the exclusion of celiac disease.
Therapeutic Communication: Knowing What to Say When

Introduction 1. Rethinking the Talking Cure: The Therapist Speaks Too I. Theoretical and Empirical Foundations 2. The Continuing Evolution of Psychotherapy: New and Converging Developments in Psychoanalytic, Cognitive-Behavioral, Systemic, and Experiential Approaches 3. Attending to Attachment: Accelerating Interest in the Therapeutic Implications of Attachment Theory and Research 4. Cyclical Psychodynamics I: Vicious and Virtuous Circles 5. Cyclical Psychodynamics II: Anxiety, Exposure, and Interpretation 6. Cyclical Psychodynamics III: Insight, the Therapeutic Relationship, and the World Outside II. Clinical Applications and Guidelines 7. Accusatory and Facilitative Comments: Criticism and Permission in the Therapeutic Dialogue 8. Exploration, Not Interrogation 9. Building on the Patient's Strengths 10. Affirmation and Change 11. Attribution and Suggestion 12. Reframing, Relabeling, and Paradox 13. Therapist Self-Disclosure: Prospects and Pitfalls 14. Achieving Resolution of the Patient's Difficulties: Resistance, Working Through, and Following Through III. Postscript 15. Therapeutic Communication with Couples, Ellen F. Wachtel
Self Management of Large-Scale DistributedSystems by Combining Structured OverlayNetworks and Components

This position paper envisions making large-scale distributed applications self managing by combining component models and structured overlay networks. A key obstacle to deploying large-scale applications running on Internet is the amount of management they require. Often these applications demand specialized personnel for their maintenance. Making applications self-managing will help removing this obstacle. Basing the system on a structured overlay network will allow extending the abilities of existing component models to large-scale distributed systems. Structured overlay networks provide guarantees for efficient communication, e±cient load-balancing, and self-manage in case of joins, leaves, and failures. Component models, on the other hand, support dynamic configuration, the ability of part of the system to reconfigure other parts at run-time. By combining overlay networks with component models we achieve both low-level as well as high-level self-management. We will target multi-tier applications, and specifically we will consider three-tier applications using a self-managing storage service.
Dynamical modeling of two-wheeled cart: cooperating manipulator approach

Two-wheeled cart falls under kinematically deficient manipulator when considered from cooperating manipulator approach. Kinematically deficient manipulators are those that have fewer degrees of freedom than necessary to achieve any admissible configuration in their operational space. When multiple manipulators, some or all of which are kinematically deficient, cooperate to perform a common task, the constrained forces at the contact points cannot be solved directly due to rank deficiency of the Jacobian. This paper addresses this challenge associated with the computation of constrained forces at the contact points by introducing a novel approach called "pseudo joint". Forward dynamical model utilizing pseudo joint has been driven for cooperating kinematically deficient manipulators. Dynamics of two-wheeled cart has been given to demonstrate the methodology.
Reperfusion Therapies for Wake-Up Stroke: Systematic Review

Patients who present with stroke symptoms on awakening, often referred to as wake-up stroke (WUS), account for ≈25% of acute ischemic strokes.1 In this group, onset time is unknown and usually defined conservatively as time last seen well (LSW) before sleeping.2,3 Onset time is important because benefit from intravenous thrombolysis is time dependent until 4.5 hours after symptoms start.4 Patients with WUS are not treated routinely unless awake and symptom free within standard timescales. However, evidence suggests that clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with WUS do not differ significantly from those with stroke while awake (SWA) presenting within 0- to 3-hour thrombolysis time windows.1,5,6 Imaging findings for many patients with WUS are consistent with an onset immediately before waking.6 As patients with WUS may benefit from reperfusion treatment if promptly delivered, we systematically reviewed studies of patients with WUS treated with intravenous and intra-arterial reperfusion therapies to consider the strength of evidence and make future recommendations. ### Search Strategy/Selection Criteria An unlimited PubMed search (MEDLINE) was performed on April 16, 2013, using the terms: wake* OR awake* OR sleep* OR asleep OR unclear-onset OR unclear onset OR unwitness* OR witness* AND stroke. Further PubMed alerts were received until June 30, 2013. One author (D.B.) reviewed abstracts to identify potentially eligible studies. Because of the small number of publications anticipated, all study designs were included. Articles were included if they described additional analyses using data from previously identified cohorts. ### Data Extraction Two authors (D.B. and L.S.) independently extracted data. Discrepancies were resolved by discussion with C.P. as the final adjudicator. The data extracted were 1. inclusion criteria, 2. type(s) of data comparison/numbers of patients, 3. type(s) of intervention, drugs/doses, 4. time to treatment (TTT) from wake-up and LSW, 5. imaging findings, 6. stroke severity (baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale …
SCL: a language for security testing of network applications

Security of network applications has become increasingly important in the past several years. Syntax-based testing is a black box, data driven testing technique, for applications for which input can be described formally. SCL is a component of Protocol Tester, a project at RMC and Queen's, that uses syntax-based testing to evaluate the security of network applications. As a language, SCL can describe the syntax and the semantic constraints of a given protocol, constraints that pertain to the testing of network application security. This paper describes how SCL captures the input syntax of a network application including both syntax and semantic constraints. Standard reverse engineering and program comprehension techniques are used to extract a detailed model from the description. This model can be used to automate the selection and generation of test cases in Protocol Tester.
A Temporal Planning System for Level 3 Durative Actions of PDDL2.1

Many planning domains have temporal features that can be expressed as durations associated with actions. Unfortunately, the conservative model of actions of most temporal planners is not appropriate for some domains which require richer models. Level 3 of PDDL2.1 introduces a model of durative actions which includes local conditions and effects to be satisﬁed at different times during the execution of the actions, thereby giving the planner freedom to plan concurrent actions. This paper presents a temporal planning sys-tem ( TPSYS ), which combines the ideas of Graphplan and TGP , to plan with such durative actions. The approach necessitates the modiﬁcation of some aspects of the basic planning algorithm: the mutex reasoning, the generation of the temporal graph and the search for an optimal plan. Although the algorithm becomes more complex, the experimental results demonstrate it remains feasible as a way to deal with durative actions.
Assessment of Cortical Hemodynamics by Multichannel Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Steno-Occlusive Disease of the Middle Cerebral Artery

Background and Purpose— In a pilot study we evaluated near-infrared spectroscopy as to its potential benefit in monitoring patients with steno-occlusive disease of a major cerebral artery for alterations in cortical hemodynamics. Methods— Cortical maps of time-to-peak (TTP) in 10 patients unilaterally affected by severe stenosis or occlusion of the middle cerebral artery were acquired by multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy after bolus application of indocyanine green. Hemodynamic manifestations were assessed by comparison between affected and unaffected hemisphere and evaluated for common constituents by principal component analysis. In one patient, TTP values were compared with those obtained by dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging. Results— TTP was increased on the affected hemisphere in 9 patients. Mean difference in TTP between hemispheres was 0.44 second (P<0.05) as compared with a mean lateral difference of 0.12 second found in a control group of 10 individuals. In group analysis a significant rise in TTP was found in the distribution of the affected middle cerebral artery, whereas principal component analysis suggests augmentation of hemodynamic effects toward the border zones as a dominant pattern. A linear correlation of 0.61 between TTP values determined by dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI and near-infrared spectroscopy was found to be statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion— Multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy might facilitate detection of disease-related hemodynamic changes as yet only accessible by tomographic imaging modalities. Being indicative for hypoperfusion and collateral flow increased values of TTP, as found to a varying extent in the present patient group, might be of clinical relevance.
Identification of CdnL, a Putative Transcriptional Regulator Involved in Repair and Outgrowth of Heat-Damaged Bacillus cereus Spores

Spores are widely present in the environment and are common contaminants in the food chain, creating a challenge for food industry. Nowadays, heat treatments conventionally applied in food processing may become milder to comply with consumer desire for products with higher sensory and nutritional values. Consequently subpopulations of spores may emerge that are sublethally damaged rather than inactivated. Such spores may germinate, repair damage, and eventually grow out leading to uncontrolled spoilage and safety issues. To gain insight into both the behaviour of damaged Bacillus cereus spores, and the process of damage repair, we assessed the germination and outgrowth performance using OD595 measurements and microscopy combined with genome-wide transcription analysis of untreated and heat-treated spores. The first two methods showed delayed germination and outgrowth of heat-damaged B. cereus ATCC14579 spores. A subset of genes uniquely expressed in heat-treated spores was identified with putative roles in the outgrowth of damaged spores, including cdnL (BC4714) encoding the putative transcriptional regulator CdnL. Next, a B. cereus ATCC14579 cdnL (BC4714) deletion mutant was constructed and assessment of outgrowth from heat-treated spores under food relevant conditions showed increased damage compared to wild type spores. The approach used in this study allows for identification of candidate genes involved in spore damage repair. Further identification of cellular parameters and characterisation of the molecular processes contributing to spore damage repair may provide leads for better control of spore outgrowth in foods.