Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Force directed flow map layout

A flow map is a thematic map that is been used to emphasize the spatial pattern of one or more geographic attributes. Although this kind of thematic maps is often drawn by hand, a few automatic computer algorithms exist. In this research paper, we proposed a novel algorithm for the automatic generation of flow maps that is theoretically grounded on physics' laws to describe the motion and force of attraction or repulsion between points. Properties associated to these laws are then used to merge different flows, as well as for the improvement of the maps' visual quality. Finally, we evaluate our work by generating a set of flow maps and by doing a comparison with flow maps produced by existing algorithms.
Ambient isotopic approximations for surface reconstruction and interval solids

Given a nonsingular compact 2-manifold <i>F</i> without boundary, we present methods for establishing a family of surfaces which can approximate <i>F</i> so that each approximant is ambient isotopic to <i>F</i>. The current state of the art in surface reconstruction is that both theory and practice are limited to generating a piecewise linear (PL) approximation. The methods presented here offer broader theoretical guidance for a rich class of ambient isotopic approximations. They are also used to establish sufficient conditions for an interval solid to be ambient isotopic to the solid it is approximating.The methods are based on <i>global</i> theoretical considerations and are compared to existing <i>local</i> methods. Practical implications of these methods are also presented. For the global case, a differential surface analysis is performed to find a positive number <i>ρ</i> so that the offsets <i>F<sub>o</sub>(± ρ)</i> of <i>F</i> at distances <i>± ρ</i> are nonsingular. In doing so, a normal tubular neighborhood, <i>F(ρ)</i>, of <i>F</i> is constructed. Then, each approximant of <i>F</i> lies inside <i>F(ρ)</i>. Comparisons between these global and local constraints are given.
Retrieval of bindings between task-irrelevant stimuli and responses can facilitate behaviour under conditions of high response certainty

Repetition priming can be driven by the encoding and retrieval of stimulus–response (S–R) bindings. When a previously encoded S–R binding is retrieved, and is congruent with the response currently required, it can bias response-selection processes towards selecting the retrieved response, resulting in facilitation. Previous studies have used classification tasks at retrieval. Here, two (or more) response options are competing, and it is likely that any evidence (e.g., an S–R binding) in favour of one option will be utilized to effect a decision. Thus, S–R effects are likely to be seen when using such a task. It is unclear whether such effects can be seen under conditions of higher response certainty, when participants are explicitly cued to make a response. Across two experiments, evidence for a modulating influence of S–R bindings is seen despite using a response cueing method at retrieval to minimize response uncertainty and despite stimuli being task irrelevant. Finally, the results suggest that responses within these S–R bindings are coded at the level of left versus right hand, and not a more fine-grained within-hand thumb versus index finger. The results underline the resilience of S–R effects, suggesting that they are present even under conditions where no explicit object-oriented decision is required.
Effects of pedagogical movie English subtitles on EFL learners’ vocabulary improvement

Using movies might be one way of providing context for vocabulary learning. However, there is a growing debate on the best mode of subtitles in movies as a pedagogical aid in language learning. This study is an attempt to examine the possible effects of two kinds of pedagogical movie subtitles on intermediate-level EFL learners’ English vocabulary improvement. To this end, 28 females, who were randomly selected from larger sample of 35 EFL learners from a language institute in Isfahan, took part in the study. The participants, aged 12 to 16, were then divided into two groups (controllable and uncontrollable subtitle groups) using Oxford Placement Test (OPT). The first group viewed an uncontrollable subtitled movie (English dialogues with unrepeated L2 subtitles) whereas the second one viewed a controllable subtitled movie (English dialogues with repeated L2 subtitles). Instructional materials included 10 parts of a movie, titled ‘Tangled’ (produced in 2010). The EFL participants were instructed on how to learn words in the movie in several sessions. To collect data, a content specific vocabulary test which consisted of 30 multiple-choice items, was developed by the present researchers and was administered as the pretest and posttest of the study. The results of analysis of covariance on the pretest and posttest vocabulary test scores showed that the participants in the controllable English subtitle group performed significantly better than the participants in the uncontrollable English subtitle group. By implication, curriculum developers and EFL instructors can utilize the findings of this study to include movies with target language subtitles to enhance EFL learners’ vocabulary learning.
On the Number of Two-Dimensional Threshold Functions

A two-dimensional threshold function of $k$-valued logic can be viewed as a coloring of the points of a $k\times k$ square lattice into two colors such that there exists a straight line separating points of different colors. For the number of such functions only asymptotic bounds are known. We give an exact formula for the number of two-dimensional threshold functions and derive more accurate asymptotics.
Thinking style and emotional intelligence : An empirical investigation

The purpose of this paper was to empirically examine the conceptual links between thinking styles and emotional intelligence. The paper reviews pertinent literature about thinking styles and emotional intelligence. Findings from the literature review suggest that thinking styles can be conceptualized as right-brained, left-brained, or whole-brained and can be measured with the subscales of the MBTI. Findings also revealed that although emotional intelligence has been measured a number of ways in the extant literature; the key processes of management and awareness are most closely related to thinking styles. Based on the review of literature, a number of specific hypotheses about the pattern of relationships between thinking styles and emotional intelligence concepts were tested. Analytical findings revealed that both left and right-brained thinking styles are related to emotional intelligence variables in conceptually expected directions.
Personalizing LinkedIn Feed

LinkedIn dynamically delivers update activities from a user's interpersonal network to more than 300 million members in the personalized feed that ranks activities according their "relevance" to the user. This paper discloses the implementation details behind this personalized feed system at LinkedIn which can not be found from related work, and addresses the scalability and data sparsity challenges for deploying the system online. More specifically, we focus on the personalization models by generating three kinds of affinity scores: Viewer-ActivityType Affinity, Viewer-Actor Affinity, and Viewer-Actor-ActivityType Affinity. Extensive experiments based on online bucket tests (A/B experiments) and offline evaluation illustrate the effect of our personalization models in LinkedIn feed.
Rise of the Science and Engineering Postdoctorate and the Restructuring of Academic Research

Since the 1980s the number of postdocs employed at U.S. research universities has in-creased dramatically as has the importance of postdocs to academic research. Growth in postdoc employment has coincided with increased dependence on external research funds. Using panel regression analysis, this article explores the organizational characteristics associated with the tendency to employ postdocs and the relationship between postdoc employment and dependence on external research funds.
Online Task-Scheduling for Fault-Tolerant Low-Energy Real-Time Systems

In this paper we investigate fault tolerance and dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) in hard real time systems. We present two low-complexity fault-aware scheduling algorithms that combine feasibility analysis of rate monotonic algorithm (RMA) schedules and DVS-based frequency scaling using exact characterization of RMA algorithm. These algorithms lay the foundation for highly efficient online schemes that minimize energy consumption by adapting DVS policies to runtime behavior of tasks and fault occurrences without violating the offline feasibility analysis. Simulation results demonstrate energy savings of up to 60% over low-energy offline scheduling algorithms (Zhang and Chakrabarty, 2004)
A decade of progress in adipose tissue macrophage biology

One decade has passed since seminal publications described macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue (AT) as a key contributor to inflammation and obesity‐related insulin resistance. Currently, a PubMed search for ‘adipose tissue inflammation’ reveals over 3500 entries since these original reports. We now know that resident macrophages in lean AT are alternatively activated, M2‐like, and play a role in AT homeostasis. In contrast, the macrophages in obese AT are dramatically increased in number and are predominantly classically activated, M1‐like, and promote inflammation and insulin resistance. Mediators of AT macrophage (ATM) phenotype include adipokines and fatty acids secreted from adipocytes as well as cytokines secreted from other immune cells in AT. There are several mechanisms that could explain the large increase in ATMs in obesity. These include recruitment‐dependent mechanisms such as adipocyte death, chemokine release, and lipolysis of fatty acids. Newer evidence also points to recruitment‐independent mechanisms such as impaired apoptosis, increased proliferation, and decreased egress. Although less is known about the homeostatic function of M2‐like resident ATMs, recent evidence suggests roles in AT expansion, thermoregulation, antigen presentation, and iron homeostasis. The field of immunometabolism has come a long way in the past decade, and many exciting new discoveries are bound to be made in the coming years that will expand our understanding of how AT stands at the junction of immune and metabolic co‐regulation.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis invades and replicates within type II alveolar cells

Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis is assumed to infect primarily alveolar macrophages after being aspirated into the lung in aerosol form, it is plausible to hypothesize that M. tuberculosis can come in contact with alveolar epithelial cells upon arrival into the alveolar space. Therefore, as a first step toward investigation of the interaction between M. tuberculosis and alveolar epithelial cells, we examined the ability of M. tuberculosis to bind to and invade alveolar epithelial cells in vitro. The H37Rv and H37Ra strains of M. tuberculosis were cultured to mid-log phase and used in both adherence and invasion assays. The A549 human type II alveolar cell line was cultured to confluence in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum, L-glutamine, and nonessential amino acids. H37Rv was more efficient in entering A549 cells than H37Ra, Mycobacterium avium, and Escherichia coli Hb101, and nonpiliated strain (4.7% +/- 1.0% of the initial inoculum in 2 h compared with 3.1% +/- 0.8%, 2.1% +/- 0.9%, and 0.03% +/- 0.0%, respectively). The invasion was more efficient at 37 degrees C than 30 degrees C (4.7% +/- 1.0% compared with 2.3% +/- 0.8%). H37Rv and H37Ra were both capable of multiplying intracellularly at a similar ration over 4 days. Binding was inhibited up to 55.7% by anti-CD51 antibody (antivitronectin receptor), up to 55% with anti-CD29 antibody (beta(1) integrin), and 79% with both antibodies used together. Update of M. tuberculosis H37Rv was microtubule and microfilament dependent. It was inhibited by 6l.4% in the presence of 10 micron colchicine and by 72.3% in the presence of 3 micron cytochalasin D, suggesting two separate pathways for uptake. Our results show that M. tuberculosis is capable of invading type II alveolar epithelial cells and raise the possibility that invasion of alveolar epithelial cells is associated with the pathogenesis of lung infection.
Yeast as a Model System to Study Tau Biology

Hyperphosphorylated and aggregated human protein tau constitutes a hallmark of a multitude of neurodegenerative diseases called tauopathies, exemplified by Alzheimer's disease. In spite of an enormous amount of research performed on tau biology, several crucial questions concerning the mechanisms of tau toxicity remain unanswered. In this paper we will highlight some of the processes involved in tau biology and pathology, focusing on tau phosphorylation and the interplay with oxidative stress. In addition, we will introduce the development of a human tau-expressing yeast model, and discuss some crucial results obtained in this model, highlighting its potential in the elucidation of cellular processes leading to tau toxicity.
Dwarf Fortress

The “fortress simulator” game Dwarf Fortress (Bay 12 Games, 2006-present) allows players the space to conduct experiments in economics. The player is not granted an avatar in the world, but this does not mean the player is granted the role of a transcendent deity either. Instead, the player operates on the relational level—completely managing all economic interactions and assigning social codes to different spaces. Lacking a “win” condition, players are free to engage with the game however they wish, including allowing for the immediate and unsympathetic demise of the community. As play continues, Dwarf Fortress ceases to be a fortress and becomes what the autonomists describe as a “laboratory. ” The social relations of the fortress are upturned and become the site for experiments in production. The fortress too becomes the site for thought experiments on alternative economies, containing not one but many social laboratories.
Trans fatty acids, plasma lipid levels, and risk of developing cardiovascular disease. A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association.

Dietary guidelines for the general population and individuals with hyperlipidemia specify upper limits for total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol intake.1 2 The term trans fatty acids does not appear in dietary guidelines or on nutrient labels; however, it appears frequently in the scientific and lay press. Current issues of controversy are whether trans fatty acids should be listed on nutrient labels and whether this is the appropriate time to issue public health guidelines with respect to intake. Trans fatty acids contain at least one double bond in the trans configuration. The carbon/carbon double bonds of fatty acids can exist in either the cis or trans configuration. When the two hydrogen atoms are on opposite sides of the double bond, the configuration is termed trans ; when the two hydrogen atoms are on the same side of the double bond, the configuration is termed cis . Lack of rotational mobility precludes interconversion of configurations under normal circumstances. The bond angle is larger for a trans than a cis double bond. Therefore, the presence of a trans , relative to a cis , double bond results in acyl chains that can pack together more tightly. Trans double bonds occur in nature as such. They are the result of anaerobic bacterial fermentation in ruminant animals and are thereby introduced into the food chain.3 Humans consume them in the form of meat and dairy products. Trans double bonds are also formed during the hydrogenation of either vegetable or fish oils. Oils are hydrogenated to increase their plasticity and chemical stability, hence their potential use in food products. It is important to note that hydrogenation results in a number of changes in the acyl chain of the fatty acid moiety, all of which can impact physiological parameters: conversion of cis to trans …
The usher syndromes.

Mutations in the gene (MYO7A) encoding myosin-VIIa, a member of the large superfamily of myosin motor proteins that move on cytoplasmic actin filaments, and in the USH2A gene, which encodes a novel protein resembling an extracellular matrix protein or a cell adhesion molecule, both cause Usher syndrome (USH), a clinically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder comprising hearing and visual impairment. Patients with USH1 have severe to profound congenital hearing impairment, vestibular dysfunction, and retinal degeneration beginning in childhood, while those with USH2 have moderate to severe hearing impairment, normal vestibular function, and later onset of retinal degeneration. USH3 is characterized by progressive hearing loss and variable age of onset of retinal degeneration. The phenotype resulting from MYO7A and USH2A mutations is variable. While most MYO7A mutations cause USH1, some cause nonsyndromic hearing impairment, and one USH3 phenotype has been described. USH2A mutations cause atypical USH as well as USH2. MYO7A is on chromosome region 11q13 and USH2A is on 1q41. Seven other USH genes have been mapped but have not yet been identified. USH1A, USH1C, USH1D, USH1E, and USH1F have been assigned to chromosome bands 14q32, 11p15.1, 10q, 21q21, and 10, respectively, while USH2B is on 5q, and USH3 is at 3q21-q25. Myosin VIIa mutations also result in the shaker-1 (sh1) mouse, providing a model for functional studies. One possibility is that myosin-VIIa is required for linking stereocilia in the sensory hair bundle; another is that it may be needed for membrane trafficking. The ongoing studies of myosin-VIIa, the USH2A protein, and the yet to be identified proteins encoded by the other USH genes will advance understanding of the Usher syndromes and contribute to the development of effective therapies. Am. J. Med. Genet. (Semin. Med. Genet.) 89:158-166, 1999.
Profile Context-Sensitive HMMs for Probabilistic Modeling of Sequences With Complex Correlations

The profile hidden Markov model is a specific type of HMM that is well suited for describing the common features of a set of related sequences. It has been extensively used in computational biology, where it is still one of the most popular tools. In this paper, we propose a new model called the profile context-sensitive HMM. Unlike traditional profile-HMMs, the proposed model is capable of describing complex long-range correlations between distant symbols in a consensus sequence. We also introduce a general algorithm that can be used for finding the optimal state-sequence of an observed symbol sequence based on the given profile-csHMM. The proposed model has an important application in RNA sequence analysis, especially in modeling and analyzing RNA pseudoknots
Educação artística para a pessoa com deficiência numa perspectiva sociocultural: possibilidades para o conhecimento

O texto aborda uma experiencia socioeducativa para o desenvolvimento da pessoa com deficiencia atraves da Arte. Argumenta-se quanto as potencialidades que o fazer artistico, quer no campo das artes plasticas, quer naquele da danca ou da musica, assume para a constituicao da subjetividade do deficiente, bem como para o seu processo de desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e psicosocial. Considera-se que outras iniciativas, no âmbito da educacao sociocultural, sao necessarias se pretendemos, enquanto sociedade, efetivar seriamente a participacao real do deficiente na sociedade.
Approach for LTE EPS network planning with self-similar traffic

This paper proposes an approach to solve the problem of LTE EPS network parametric synthesis taking into account self-similar properties of multiservice traffic. The problem is solved with the known source data such as network topology, traffic routes, statistical data on the demand for information and communication services. The article proposes the calculation expressions to determine the parameters of multiservice self-similar traffic coming into the network, as well as aggregation of in different network elements. The solution is based on the representation of self-similar traffic as of fractal Brownian motion model and calculation expressions Offed by Norros. The proposed method in the paper was compared with the method based on the classical model of a Poisson flow. The experimental procedure is to calculate the parameters of the network by both methods and then checking the results of calculations using the simulation model.
How Debriefing Strategies Can Improve Student Motivation and Self-Efficacy in Game-Based Learning

Debriefing is an important step in game-based learning environments. Fanning and Gaba defined debriefing as “facilitated or guided reflection in the cycle of experiential learning. ” In the present study, the effect of different debriefing strategies in terms of two factors, grouping (self vs. team) and timing (in-game vs. postgame), was investigated on the motivation and self-efficacy levels of students. In a 2 × 2 analysis of variance design, 62 sixth-grade students were randomly assigned into two debriefing groups: self-debriefing and team debriefing. About half of members in each group performed either one of the two debriefing: in-game debriefing or postgame debriefing. Students in the self-debriefing as well as in the team-briefing group played the game 3 days a week over 9 weeks. As students finished the task, motivation and self-efficacy scales were administered and semistructured interviews were conducted. Findings indicate that students showed higher motivation and self-efficacy scores in the team debriefing than in the self-debriefing. Moreover, the in-game debriefing group outperformed the postgame debriefing group in terms of self-efficacy and motivation levels. Semistructured interviews supported the quantitative results that students benefited more from collaborative debriefing sessions.
A method of path planning for tractor-trailer mobile robot based on the concept of global-width

Tractor-trailer mobile robot system is composed of a tractor and multiple trailers. Path planning for this kind of robot system is much more complex than that of single body robot because of its special structure. This paper analyzes the trajectories when the tractor-trailer robot system follows some representative kinds of paths; propose the concept of though-width and its calculation method. Based on it, an innovative method to synthesize the environment modeling and the path planning is given. This algorithm improves the computation method of expanding size and reduces the loss of the feasible path in free space.