Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Reynolds Number on the Flow Around the T106C Very High Lift Low PressureTurbine Linear Cascade

Low pressure turbines flows are highly dependent on the boundary layer transition and laminar separation because of the low Reynolds number environment and the high blade loading. In the case of a laminar separation, the transition of the shear layer is triggered by instabilities and a recirculation zone appears near the wall. This phenomenon is known as a laminar separation bubble. Depending on its characteristics, the laminar separation bubble can be categorized as open, long or short. Some experiments performed at the von Karman Institute investigated the effect of Reynolds number on the topology of the separation bubble over the suction side of the very high lift T106C blade. In a previous work, the authors have performed a high fidelity simulation on this configuration at the Reynolds number of 100 000 and shown some discrepancies with the experiments. In order to deepen this study, three others simulations at three higher Reynolds numbers have been performed. Thus a wider comparison between QDNS (Quasi Direct Numerical Simulation) and the experiments is proposed in this paper. Moreover, the simulations give a more detailed descriptions of the effect of Reynolds number on the laminar separation bubble. Finally, we discuss the flow predicted by RANS simulations by making a comparison with the flow computed with the QDNS with the intention of validating the γ - (cid:102) Re θt transition model on low pressure turbine cases.
Robust Numerical Operating-Map Prediction through Systematic Selection of Turbulence Models

In order to provide a foundation for a systematic selection of turbulence model setups, this paper quantiﬁes the sensitivities of performance-map predictions with respect to different turbulent kinetic energy production and destruction terms incorporated by various modeling approaches for turbulence and transition. For this purpose, steady-state simulations based on the Wilcox (1988) k - ω and Menter et al. (2003) k - ω SST turbulence models combined with different extensions for transition, rotational effects, and stagnation-point anomaly ﬁxes are conducted for a 4½-stage axial compressor using the turbomachinery ﬂow solver TRACE. The investigated approaches cause a variation of the total-pressure ratio by up to 11.5% at numerical surge and mass-ﬂow rate by up to 5.1% under choked conditions. Based on the results, the robustness of the operating map prediction appears highest either for the k - ω SST model with extensions for transition, rotational effects, and stagnation point anomaly-ﬁxes, or for the k - ω with an extension for stagnation-point anomaly ﬁxes.
Syntaxonomy and nomenclature of the communities of the orders Calamagrostietalia villosae and Adenostyletalia in Slovakia

The most important results of the syntaxonomical revision of the communities of the orders Calamagrostietalia villosae and Adenostyletalia alliariae from the territory of Slovakia are presented: description of the new associations (Geranio robertiani- Delphinietum elati) and subassociations (Festuco picturatae- Calamagrostietum villosae typicum and crepidetosum conyzifoliae, Vaccinio myrtilli-Calamagrostietum villosae inops and avenuletosum versicoloris), re-evaluation of the syntaxonomical position of the associations (Petasito-Senecietum nemorensis HADAC et al. 1969, Doronicetum austriaci HADAC et al. 1969, Senecio-Adenostyletum alliariae HADAC et al. 1969), resulting in the description of the new subassociations (Petasito kablikiani- Senecietum nemorensis doronicetosum austriaci and crepidetosum mollis), and in the change of the position of the alliance Delphinion elati HADAC ex HADAC et al. 1969 into the suballiance of the alliance Adenostylion alliariae. Authors suppose the new names for the associations Chaerophylletum cicutariae KRAJINA 1933 (Bryo pseudotriquetri-Chaerophylletum hirsuti), Calamagrostietum variae SILLINGER 1932 (Geranio sylvatici-Calamagrostietum variae) and Calamagrostietum variae carpaticum SILLINGER 1933 (Convallario majalis-Calamagrostietum variae). The subassociations Athyrietum alpestris HADAC 1956 typicum W. MATUSZKIEWICZ et A. MATUSZKIEWICZ 1975 and A. a. deschampsietosum flexuosae W. MATUSZKIEWICZ 93
Timber Mapping for Site-Specific Forest Management

The adoption of precision agriculture technologies and site-specific management has been limited in the forest industry. Geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensed imagery have been used in forest management, but at a landscape scale, typically to prescribe and schedule treatments for a diverse collection of relatively large tracts. Individual stands have traditionally been treated uniformly based on their most prevalent characteristics. Sub-stand variability has most often been studied as something for which an efficient inventory sampling strategy can compensate, not as being suggestive of a treatment regime to maximize revenue or ecological benefits. This paper develops a method to generate a site-specific database
Prognostic and Diagnostic Power of Delta Neutrophil Index and Mean Platelet Component in Febrile Patients with Suspected Sepsis

Background: The delta neutrophil index (DNI), a prognostic and diagnostic marker for sepsis, is based on the leukocyte count. Platelet activation, similar to leukocyte activation, plays a crucial role in host defense against pathogens and may serve as a predictor of sepsis outcome. However, the combined evaluation of mean platelet component (MPC) and DNI has rarely been used to assess sepsis. Methods: To assess the prognostic and diagnostic validity of the simultaneous evaluation of DNI and MPC in cases of human febrile sepsis, we conducted measurements of cellular indices, including DNI and MPC, as well as molecular biomarkers, including procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP). This study was carried out in patients admitted to the emergency department with suspected sepsis. Results: Using a cutoff value of 2.65%, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of the DNI in sepsis were found to be 69%, 73.9%, 77.9%, and 64.1%, respectively. Furthermore, significant differences in DNI and MPC levels were observed between the sepsis and non-sepsis groups (6.7 ± 7.8% versus 2.1 ± 2.2% (p = 0.000) and 26.0 ± 1.9 g/dL versus 26.8 ± 1.4 g/dL (p = 0.002), respectively). Notably, there was a negative correlation between DNI and MPC, with the strength of the correlation varying based on the cause of sepsis. By setting the cutoff value of the DNI to 6.2%, its sensitivity, specificity, and NPV improved to 100%, 80.3%, and 100%, respectively, although the PPV remained at 10.6%. Conclusions: In our study, the DNI demonstrates superior effectiveness compared with other molecular biomarkers, such as CRP and procalcitonin, in distinguishing septic febrile patients from non-septic febrile patients. Additionally, a negative correlation exists between MPC and DNI, making MPC a valuable marker for differentiating the etiology of sepsis. These findings hold significant clinical implications, as DNI/MPC evaluation is a cost-effective and readily applicable approach in various impending sepsis scenarios. Notably, this study represents the first examination of the prognostic and diagnostic validity of employing the simultaneous evaluation of DNI and MPC in human cases of febrile sepsis.
Pressure-dependent mechanical properties of thin films under uniaxial strain via the layer compression test

Amorphous materials can exhibit strong non-linear mechanical properties in comparison to ordered solids, which can depend on sample preparation history and the means of applied stress. This non-linearity remains unexplored in the case of thin film materials where current mechanical testing techniques struggle to apply and monitor well-characterised stress and strain, a critical gap given the importance of thin film materials across modern technologies. In this work, we present elastic and yield pressure dependence during aligned flat punch nanoindentation of amorphous thin films. Supported by finite element simulations of a pressure-dependent material, we show continuous in-situ stiffening of polystyrene and sprayed graphene nanosheet network films throughout uniaxial strain compression, on the order of 45% up to plastic yield. We also demonstrate yielding of thin film PMMA in this geometry through injection of shear, which may allow exploration of yield in thin films with highly pressure-sensitive yield surfaces. Graphical abstract
Empowering Medical Students: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Precision Point-of-Care Echocardiography Assessment of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Introduction Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) use is now universal among nonexperts. Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently employed by nonexperts in various imaging modalities to assist in diagnosis and decision making. Aim To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of POCUS, operated by medical students with the assistance of an AI-based tool for assessing the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of patients admitted to a cardiology department. Methods Eight students underwent a 6-hour didactic and hands-on training session. Participants used a hand-held ultrasound device (HUD) equipped with an AI-based tool for the automatic evaluation of LVEF. The clips were assessed for LVEF by three methods: visually by the students, by students + the AI-based tool, and by the cardiologists. All LVEF measurements were compared to formal echocardiography completed within 24 hours and were evaluated for LVEF using the Simpson method and eyeballing assessment by expert echocardiographers. Results The study included 88 patients (aged 58.3 ± 16.3 years). The AI-based tool measurement was unsuccessful in 6 cases. Comparing LVEF reported by students' visual evaluation and students + AI vs. cardiologists revealed a correlation of 0.51 and 0.83, respectively. Comparing these three evaluation methods with the echocardiographers revealed a moderate/substantial agreement for the students + AI and cardiologists but only a fair agreement for the students' visual evaluation. Conclusion Medical students' utilization of an AI-based tool with a HUD for LVEF assessment achieved a level of accuracy similar to that of cardiologists. Furthermore, the use of AI by the students achieved moderate to substantial inter-rater reliability with expert echocardiographers' evaluation.
Organic carbon flux controls the morphology of magnetofossils in marine sediments

Magnetotactic bacteria produce chains of magnetite crystals within a cell. Bacterial magnetites have characteristic morphologies and sizes that are strictly biologically controlled. We examined morphologies of fossil bacterial magnetites (magnetofossils) preserved in Pacific deep-sea sediments and their relations to organic carbon fluxes. Isotropic crystals dominate magnetofossils in sediments in relatively oxidized conditions, and anisotropic crystals predominate in more reduced conditions. Our finding has important implications for biomineralization processes and demonstrates the potential of magnetofossil morphology as a paleoenvironmental indicator.
Perception of Heart Attack Risk Factors and Their Complications Among the Adult Population in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia

Background Among the young population, many have risk factors that are nonmodifiable, modifiable, or both, increasing their chances of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and/or experiencing a heart attack later in life. Knowledge of both risk factors has a major role in preventing CVD by encouraging screening and applying the necessary lifestyle modifications. This study aims to assess the knowledge of risk factors and complications associated with heart attacks among individuals in the early adulthood age group. Methodology This descriptive cross-sectional study encompassed residents of the Eastern Region who met the specified inclusion criteria. Data were collected and recorded on a structured questionnaire regarding their demographic information, current risk factors, and knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and complications. The questionnaire was distributed in hard copy among schools, colleges, and primary healthcare centers. The statistical analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). The results were presented in tables as percentages and frequencies for all variables, and the scores were presented as mean and standard deviation. Results Among the 334 participants, the average overall score was 15.47 out of 28. The participants exhibited varying levels of knowledge across different aspects of the risk factors. The correct response rate ranged from as high as 84.4% (282) to as low as 41.6% (139) in the assessment of risk factors items. The majority of the participants showed a good understanding of the preventive measures, such as exercise and weight reduction. However, 43.4% (145) of participants reported not participating in physical activity and 29.1% (97) had a body mass index of 25 and above. Conclusions The outcome of this study suggests that there’s a need for structured educational programs in schools and public health campaigns. The general public must have a reliable source of information rather than the mass media and false information read from social media.
TIME DEPENDENT DEFORMATIONS OF A COUPLED BRIDGE: A CASE STUDY

<p>The bridge's span structure comprises a connected beam designed to support a concrete slab poured over parallel steel supports. Simultaneously, segmental construction, shrinkage, and the flow of concrete play a significant role in stress redistribution over time. The span construction is statically indeterminate due to its connections with the abutments, and temporal deformations occur under additional complex conditions. In this analysis, we employed a calculation model based on the layered finite elements method developed by the authors. This model can be utilized to analyse both statically indeterminate supports and the predicted phased construction method. It accounts for changes in the static system and loading, as well as variations in the layers within the coupled section and the viscous properties of the concrete over time. The calculation analysis results reveal that viscous concrete deformations, combined with different moments of activation of individual segments, have a significant impact on stress redistribution over time. Such intricate analyses are indispensable for ensuring the required safety and cost-effectiveness of the bridge span construction. </p>
Depth of upper mantle seismic discontinuities.

The mantle transition zone, located in the depth range between 400 and 750 km, is a key-zone for understanding mantle dynamics. If in the last 10 years, seismic tomography has provided strong evidences for slab penetration in the lower mantle, observations of mantle upwelling from seismic tomography are still controversial. Additional constraints on mantle temperature and dynamics can be obtained from an improved imaging of discontinuity depths. Although P-to-S and S-to-P converted waves at the 410 and 660 km provide constraints for regions located below the earthquakes and receivers, the use of underside reflections from mantle discontinuities (SS precursors) is necessary to achieve a global coverage of the discontinuity topography. We aim to achieve a better mapping of the mantle transition zone by inverting simultaneously surface wave higher modes [1], SS precursors and converted waves for the 3D seismic structure and the depth variations of the 410 and 660 km discontinuities. Such a simultaneous inversion should allow us tominimize some of the trade-off present when higher modes and SS precursors/convertedwaves are interpreted separately. As a first step in this project, we have adaptated a receiver-function deconvolution technique to the processing of SS precursors. Our progress in the implementation of this approach as well as a first application to real SS precursor data are discussed in this poster.
Submesoscale Dynamics of a Gulf Stream Frontal Eddy in the South Atlantic Bight

AbstractFrontal eddies are commonly observed and understood as the product of an instability of the Gulf Stream along the southeastern U.S. seaboard. Here, the authors study the dynamics of a simulated Gulf Stream frontal eddy in the South Atlantic Bight, including its structure, propagation, and emergent submesoscale interior and neighboring substructure, at very high resolution (dx = 150 m). A rich submesoscale structure is revealed inside the frontal eddy. Meander-induced frontogenesis sharpens the gradients and forms very sharp fronts between the eddy and the adjacent Gulf Stream. The strong straining increases the velocity shear and suppresses the development of barotropic instability on the upstream face of the meander trough. Barotropic instability of the sheared flow develops from small-amplitude perturbations when the straining weakens at the trough. Small-scale meandering perturbations evolve into rolled-up submesoscale vortices that are advected back into the interior of the frontal eddy. The d.
Fair Value Gains or Lossses and Earnings Quality of Listed Nigerian Deposit Money Banks.

Nigeria has taken a number of steps to increase the accuracy of reported results, which includs the adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards, that involve fair value to measure for specific assets along with liabilities. In this study, the effect of fair value gains and losses (FVGL) and extra comprehensive income (OCI) on the standard of earnings reported by deposit money institutions in Nigeria was examined. The study uses a correlational research methodology and looked at information gathered between 2016 and 2021 from thirteen Nigerian banks. Ordinary least square (OLS) was used in conjunction with SPSS (16 Ver) to evaluate two hypotheses. The outcome showed a positive and substantial correlation between the fair value gains/losses recorded in net income (NI) as well as the earnings quality reported by Nigerian DMBs. While the fair value gains/losses in other comprehensive income is not significantly associated with earnings quality reported by listed Nigerian DMBs. The study is consistent with agency & signalling theory used to frame the research and recommends that regulatory authorities should provide training via workshops & seminars for preparers of financial statement to reduce the complexity in fair value measurement of financial instruments. Also, further research is recommended on the topic to include the influence CG the above relationship.
Instabilities of zonal equatorial currents, 2

A two-layer model is used to study the effect of divergence on the inertial (barotropic) stability of zonal jets on a rotating sphere. Both the β effect and divergence stabilize eastward jets, but both these effects can destabilize westward jets. The following are the principal results concerning the stability of zonal currents in the tropical oceans. Instabilities of the Equatorial Undercurrent are unlikely in the Indian and Atlantic oceans but may occur in the central Pacific in March and April. (The undercurrent has been found to be at its most intense in this location at this time.) The unstable waves, which will cause the undercurrent to meander about the equator, have a wavelength of about 900 km, a period of approximately 40 days, and an e folding time of more than 2 weeks. Such an instability could explain measurements in the Pacific by Taft et al. (1974). Meanders of the undercurrent may also be caused by instabilities of the surface currents: the westward South Equatorial Current and the adjacent eastward North Equatorial Countercurrent. The westward propagating amplifying waves have a zonal wavelength in excess of 2000 km and a period and e folding time of 2–3 weeks. These results are in reasonable agreement with measurements in the Atlantic. Currents with a given vertical shear and stability that are baroclinically unstable in mid-latitudes are shown to be stabilized as they are moved equatorward. The only zonal equatorial current that could be baroclinically unstable is the westward North Equatorial Current between 10°N and 20°N.
Population Synthesis of isolated Neutron Stars

Neutron Stars present a wide variety from the observational point of view. The advent of new and powerful detectors and instruments has opened a new era where the classical picture of neutrons stars seen as radio-pulsars has been modified with new classes such as magnetars, X-ray Isolated Neutron Stars (XINSs) or Central Compact Objects (CCOs) in Supernova Remnants . In addition to the more than 2500 sources detected in the radio band, more than two hundred have also been detected as X-ray and gamma-ray sources. This number is expected to increase in the near future. Despite this apparent diversity, some studies demand a theory able to explain the different classes in terms of the same physical scenario (Kaspi, 2010), in which the evolution of the magnetic field appears to play an important role (Vigano et al., 2013). The Population Synthesis of Neutron Stars, which is the central subject of this thesis, is an interesting approach to understand the problem, as both intrinsic properties and observational biases are taken into account. These technique is based on Monte Carlo methods, applied to simulate the whole population of neutron stars. The main objective of the thesis has been to perform a multi-wavelength study of the different populations of Neutron Stars focusing in the effects of magneto-thermal evolution. This report consists of a global summary of the objectives, methods and main results of the thesis. It is structured as follows. The first chapter gives an introduction to Neutron Stars. Chapter two is a description of the method of Population Synthesis of Neutron Stars. In chapter three a global discussion of the main results is presented. Chapter four closes the report with the conclusions. An appendix is also included which constitutes a description of a method based on the pulsar current analysis.
Formulation and characterization of mouth dissolving films loaded with solid dispersion of griseofulvin

The main objective of the present work was to formulate mouth dissolving films containing griesofulvin solid dispersion to attain its maximum drug release with a very short time and also to have an easy and compliant administration of the drug through oral route. β-cyclodextrin was used to prepare solid dispersion in the ratio 1:1 for drug and polymer by solvent evaporation method. The solid dispersion was obtained in yield of approximately 96% suggesting completion recovery of the dissolved material. Pure griseofulvin was found to exhibit a solubility of 62.0 µg/mL after 24 hours whereas the solid dispersion exhibited a significant increase in solubility showing a solubility of 570 µg/mL. All the formulated batches exhibited quick drug release, rapid disintegration and optimal mechanical strength. The formulations neither exhibited much loss nor much uptake of moisture as observed from the results of the study. The folding endurance was found to increase with increasing concentration of the plasticizer whereas thickness was found to be related to the amount of the polymer in the formulation.