Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study on Combined Process of River Aeration and Biological Carriers for Treatment of Polluted River Water

The purification effect of polluted river water by combined process of river aeration and biological carriers was studied in a simulated river.The appropriate operational mode and parameters of this combined process for treatment of Suzhou polluted river were studied by using different fillings and changing aeration intensity,aeration modes and flow velocity of water body.The results show that after aeration and setting elastic fillings in the river,the removal rates of COD,NH3-N and TP can reach 38%,62% and 42%,and the turbidity can be reduced to 8 NTU.This indicates that the purification of slow-flow water body by combined process of river aeration and biological carriers is feasible.
Sulconazole-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antifungal Activity: In Vitro and In Vivo Approach

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have the advantages of a cell-specific delivery and sustained release of hydrophobic drugs that can be exploited against infectious diseases. The topical delivery of hydrophobic drugs needs pharmaceutical strategies to enhance drug permeation, which is a challenge faced by conventional formulations containing a drug suspended in gel, creams or ointments. We report the fabrication and optimization of SLNs with sulconazole (SCZ) as a model hydrophobic drug and then a formulation of an SLN-based topical gel against fungal infections. The SLNs were optimized through excipients of glyceryl monostearate and Phospholipon® 90 H as lipids and tween 20 as a surfactant for its size, drug entrapment and sustained release and resistance against aggregation. The SCZ-SLNs were physically characterized for their particle size (89.81 ± 2.64), polydispersity index (0.311 ± 0.07), zeta potential (−26.98 ± 1.19) and encapsulation efficiency (86.52 ± 0.53). The SCZ-SLNs showed sustained release of 85.29% drug at the 12 h timepoint. The TEM results demonstrated spherical morphology, while DSC, XRD and FTIR showed the compatibility of the drug inside SLNs. SCZ-SLNs were incorporated into a gel using carbopol and were further optimized for their rheological behavior, pH, homogeneity and spreadability on the skin. The antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum was increased in comparison to a SCZ carbopol-based gel. In vivo antifungal activity in rabbits presented faster healing of skin fungal infections. The histopathological examination of the treated skin from rabbits presented restoration of the dermal architecture. In summary, the approach of formulating SLNs into a topical gel presented an advantageous drug delivery system against mycosis.
Device-guided slow breathing as a nonpharmacological approach to anti hypertensive treatment in type 2 diabetics - Reply

Objective In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), it is hard to reach treatment objectives for blood pressure (BP) with classical treatment options. Recently, reducing breathing frequency has been advocated as a method to reduce BP. We examined if an electronic device such as Resperate, by reducing breathing frequency, would lead to BP reduction in a population of patients with DM2 and hypertension. Our secondary objective was to study the effect of this device on quality of life (QOL). Methods A randomized, single-blind, controlled trial was conducted over a period of 8 weeks to evaluate the effect of this therapy on BP and QOL. The control group listened to music and used no other therapeutic device. BP and QOL changes were studied in 30 patients with DM2 and hypertension. Results There was no signiﬁcant difference in change in BP between groups; S 7.5 [95% conﬁdence interval (CI) S 12.7, S 2.3]/ S 1.0 (95% CI S 5.5, 3.6)mmHg in the intervention group and S 12.2 (95% CI S 17.4, S 7.0)/ S 5.5 (95% CI S 9.7, S 1.4)mmHg in the control group. Whether or not the target breathing frequency of 10breaths/min was reached did not affect BP. There were no signiﬁcant changes in QOL. Conclusions The effects of Resperate on BP and QOL were not signiﬁcantly different from those found in the control group. Furthermore, 40% of patients did not reach the target breathing frequency, making this device less suitable for clinical practice in patients with DM2
FERVENT ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION-BASED DECISION TREES (FACO-DT) FOR ENHANCING CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY IN SENTIMENT ANALYSIS

Online shopping has transformed how consumers purchase products, offering convenience and a wide range of choices. As customers increasingly rely on online platforms, the role of product reviews has grown significantly. These reviews, submitted by customers who have purchased products online, provide valuable insights to potential buyers about product quality, functionality, and overall satisfaction. However, classifying sentiments accurately from these diverse reviews is a challenging task. Reviews can encompass a broad spectrum of sentiments, often nuanced and context-dependent. Traditional sentiment classification techniques might struggle to handle complex linguistic structures and domain-specific expressions in online product reviews. The proposed work addresses these challenges by introducing the “Fervent Ant Colony Optimization-based Decision Trees (FACO-DT)” approach. FACO-DT harnesses Ant Colony Optimization techniques with Decision Trees to enhance sentiment classification accuracy. Ant Colony Optimization optimizes feature selection, while Decision Trees provide a structured sentiment classification framework. This synergistic approach enables FACO-DT to effectively capture intricate sentiment patterns in reviews, accommodating domain-specific expressions and linguistic complexities. To evaluate the proposed approach, an Amazon product review dataset is utilized. The dataset comprises reviews from Electronics, Industrial, Scientific, and Software domains. Results show that FACO-DT consistently outperforms traditional classification accuracy, recall, and F-measure methods. The approach’s ability to adapt to different domains and enhanced sentiment classification accuracy underscores its potential for real-world sentiment analysis applications. The FACO-DT approach offers a promising solution by fusing optimization and decision-making techniques to handle the complexities of sentiment analysis in diverse online product reviews, as evidenced by its robust performance on the Amazon dataset.
How Organizations Lose Their Way: Unethical Behavior and Moral Disengagement in Complex Organizational Context

: Unethical behavior in organizations has garnered more and more attention in the last decades but most of the scholarly work has used a static approach relying on methodological individualism and a mechanistic worldview when studying this topic. The process of moral disengagement and organizational culture have been linked to the prevalence of unethical behavior earlier, but this paper uses a complexity-informed systems perspective to explore the dynamic relationship of these concepts and aims to improve our understanding of the often unnoticeable, step-by-step process through which organizational cultures can become conducive to unethical behavior. Organizations are conceptualized as complex adaptive systems in which transformative and stabilizing processes based on feedback loops take place continuously. It is discussed how these processes can lead to a phase transition driving organizations towards a state where unethical behavior is the general norm. The process is illustrated through real-life examples.
Extraction from finite adjunct clauses: an investigation of relative clause dependencies in Norwegian

Recent experiments have confirmed earlier informal evidence that finite adjuncts are not islands categorically. Specifically, it has been shown that adjuncts are not necessarily islands for all dependency types (Sprouse et al. 2016), and that the island status of an adjunct depends on the type of the adjunct clause in question (Kush et al. 2019; Müller 2019; Bondevik et al. 2021; Nyvad et al. 2022). The current study further explores these questions by testing three different adjunct clause types: Clauses introduced by om ‘if’, fordi ‘because’ and når ‘when’, in a relative clause ( rc ) dependency in Norwegian. We find that forming an rc -dependency into a finite adjunct in Norwegian overall causes island effects, but that there are fine-grained differences within the category ‘adjunct’. Specifically, we find that fordi ‘because’ and når ‘when’ yield large island effects, while om ‘if’, on a par with Kobzeva et al. (2022) and Nyvad et al. (2022), yields intermediate results. Rather than relying on binary distinctions only, we argue that any theory that is to explain the empirical landscape must be sufficiently fine-grained and allow for gradient distinctions.
A decade-long cruise time series (2008–2018) of physical and biogeochemical conditions in the southern Salish Sea, North America

Abstract. Coastal and estuarine waters of the northern California Current system and southern Salish Sea host an observational network capable of characterizing biogeochemical dynamics related to ocean acidification, hypoxia, and marine heatwaves. Here, we compiled data sets from a set of cruises conducted in estuarine waters of Puget Sound (southern Salish Sea) and its boundary waters (Strait of Juan de Fuca and Washington coast). This data product provides data from a decade of cruises with consistent formatting, extended data quality control, and multiple units for parameters such as oxygen with different end use needs and conventions. All cruises obtained high-quality temperature, salinity, inorganic carbon, nutrient, and oxygen observations to provide insight into the dynamic distribution of physical and biogeochemical conditions in this large urban estuary complex on the west coast of North America. At all sampling stations, conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) casts included sensors for measuring temperature, conductivity, pressure, and oxygen concentrations. Laboratory analyses of discrete water samples collected at all stations throughout the water column in Niskin bottles provided measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved oxygen, nutrient (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, and silicate), and total alkalinity (TA) content. This data product includes observations from 35 research cruises, including 715 oceanographic profiles, with >7490 sensor measurements of temperature, salinity, and oxygen; ≥6070 measurements of discrete oxygen and nutrient samples; and ≥4462 measurements of inorganic carbon variables (i.e., DIC and TA). The observations comprising this cruise compilation collectively characterize the spatial and temporal variability in a region with large dynamic ranges of the physical (temperature = 6.0–21.8 ∘C, salinity = 15.6–34.0) and biogeochemical (oxygen = 12–481 µmol kg−1, dissolved inorganic carbon = 1074–2362 µmol kg−1, total alkalinity = 1274–2296 µmol kg−1) parameters central to understanding ocean acidification and hypoxia in this productive estuary system with numerous interacting human impacts on its ecosystems. All observations conform to the climate-quality observing guidelines of the Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Ocean Acidification Program, and ocean carbon community best practices. This ongoing cruise time series supports the estuarine and coastal monitoring and research objectives of the Washington Ocean Acidification Center and US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Ocean and Atmospheric Research programs, and it provides diverse end users with the information needed to frame biological impacts research, validate numerical models, inform state and tribal water quality and fisheries management, and support decision-makers. All 2008–2018 cruise time-series measurements used in this publication are available at https://doi.org/10.25921/zgk5-ep63 (Alin et al., 2022).
Quantiﬁcation of hydraulic trait control on plant hydrodynamics and risk of hydraulic failure within a demographic structured vegetation model in a tropical forest (FATES–HYDRO V1.0)

Vegetation plays a key role in the global carbon cycle and thus is an important component within Earth sys-tem models (ESMs) that project future climate. Many ESMs are adopting methods to resolve plant size and ecosystem disturbance history, using vegetation demographic models. These models make it feasible to conduct more realistic simulation of processes that control vegetation
Diffusion-weighted Echo-planar Sequences Images Obtained from 0 and b Comparison between Gradient-echo Images Detection of Intracranial Hemorrhage:

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) is commonly used as the initial and sole imaging examination for the detection of acute cerebral infarction, yet it remains controversial whether MR can detect hyperacute ( (cid:44) 24 h) hemorrhage. Hemorrhage is best detected with gradient-echo (GRE) T2*-weighted sequences, because of their magnetic susceptibility effects. DWI uses a spin-echo echo-planar technique (EPI) that is more sensitive than spin-echo T2-weighted imaging to susceptibility effects. Our aim was to determine whether the b 0 image from the DWI-EPI sequence is as sensitive as GRE in detecting hemorrhagic lesions on imaging studies performed to identify acute infarction or hemorrhage. METHODS: All MR studies performed for clinically suspected or radiographically conﬁrmed acute infarction or hemorrhage from 2/1/98 to 8/15/99 were retrospectively interpreted by one neuroradiologist in a blinded fashion. The sensitivity of hemorrhage detection, conspicuity of lesions, and diagnostic certainty were compared between the b 0 EPI and GRE sequences. RESULTS: We found 101 acute infarcts, of which 13 were hemorrhagic, as evidenced by the presence of hypointensity within the infarction on the GRE sequence. This ﬁnding served as the reference standard for detection of hemorrhage. Hemorrhage was diagnosed with conﬁ-dence in only seven cases (54%) on b 0 images; 22 acute hematomas were hypointense on GRE images whereas 19 were hypointense on b 0 images (86%); 17 chronic hematomas were depicted on GRE images and 12 on b 0 scans (63%). Punctate hemorrhages and linear cortical staining were detected
Combining Resampled Importance and Projected Solid Angle Samplings for Many Area Light Rendering

Direct lighting from many area light sources is challenging due to variance from both choosing an important light and then a point on it. Resampled Importance Sampling (RIS) achieves low variance in such situations. However, it is limited to simple sampling strategies for its candidates. Specifically for area lights, we can improve the convergence of RIS by incorporating a better sampling strategy: Projected Solid Angle Sampling (ProjLTC). Naively combining RIS and ProjLTC improves equal sample convergence. However, it achieves little to no gain in equal time. We identify the core issue for the high run times and reformulate RIS for better integration with ProjLTC. Our method achieves better convergence and results in both equal sample and equal time. We evaluate our method on challenging scenes with varying numbers of area light sources and compare it to uniform sampling, RIS, and ProjLTC. In all cases, our method seldom performs worse than RIS and often performs better.
Infrared spectral measurement of space shuttle glow

The U.S. Air Force and NASA successfully conducted infrared spectral measurements of the space shuttle glow during STS-39. Preliminary analysis indicates that NO, NO+, OH, and CO produce infrared glow during quiescent orbiter conditions. During orbiter thruster firings the glow intensities in the infrared are enhanced by factors of 10X to 100X with significant changes in spectral distribution. These measurements were obtained with the Spacecraft Kinetic Infrared Test (SKIRT) payload which included a cryogenic infrared circular variable filter infrared spectrometer covering the 0.7 to 5.4 μm wavelength region. Approximately 14,000 spectra of shuttle glow, airglow, aurora, and the orbiter environment were obtained during the eight day mission. The STS-39 Space Shuttle Discovery was launched from the NASA Kennedy Space Center on 28 April 1991 into a 57 deg inclination circular orbit at an altitude of 260 km.
Graph Neural Networks for Syntax Encoding in Cross-Lingual Semantic Role Labeling

Recent models in cross-lingual semantic role 001 labeling (SRL) barely consider the applicabil-002 ity of their network selection. They rely on 003 LSTMs as their encoders, even though LSTMs 004 do not transfer effectively to distant languages. 005 We evaluate the effectiveness of different graph 006 neural networks (GNNs) enriched with univer-007 sal dependency trees, i.e., transformer-based, 008 graph convolutional network-based, and graph 009 attention network (GAT)-based models, and 010 compare them with a BiLSTM-based model. 011 We investigate which dependency-aware GNNs 012 transfer best as an alternative encoder to 013 LSTMs in cross-lingual SRL. We focus our 014 study on a zero-shot setting by training the 015 models in English and evaluating the models 016 in 23 target languages in the Universal Propo-017 sition Bank. We consistently show that syn-018 tax from universal dependency trees is essen-019 tial for cross-lingual SRL models to achieve 020 better transferability. Dependency-aware self-021 attention with relative position representations 022 (SAN-RPRs) transfer best across languages, es-023 pecially in the long-range dependency distance. 024 Furthermore, our proposed dependency-aware 025 two-attention relational GATs perform better 026 than SAN-RPRs in languages where most argu-027 ments lie in the 1 − 2 dependency distance. 028
PART OF A SPECIAL ISSUE ON POLYPLOIDY IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION Origin and genetic differentiation of pink-flowered Sorbus hybrids in the Western Carpathians

(cid:2) Background and Aims Diversity of the genus Sorbus has been affected by interspeciﬁc hybridizations. Pink-ﬂowered hybrid species have been insufﬁciently studied so far. They comprise bigenomic hybrid species derived from crosses S. aria s.l. (cid:3) S. chamaemespilus and trigenomic ones, where S. aucuparia was involved as well. The main objective of the present study was to reconstruct their hybrid origins as well as to assess genetic distinction among several morphologically recognized hybrid species. (cid:2) Methods Samples from putative maternal species and eight pink-ﬂowered and two white-ﬂowered hybrid species were collected in the Western Carpathians and the Sudetes. In total, 370 specimens were analysed. Six chloroplast microsatellites were used to infer parentage, whereas nuclear ampliﬁed fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were employed for the identiﬁcation of clones and patterns of genetic variation. Ploidy levels were esti- mated by ﬂow cytometry on a subset of 140 individuals. (cid:2) Key Results Genetic data supported their hybrid origins proposed based on ﬂower and leaf morphology, and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) revealed recurrent origins ( S. caeruleomontana , S. haljamovae ), even from bidirectional hy- bridization events ( S. zuzanae ). All bigenomic and trigenomic hybrid species (except triploid S. zuzanae ) were found to be tetraploid. In addition to polyploidy, low genetic variation and the presence of clones within and among populations were observed, suggesting predominantly apomictic reproduction of the hybrid species. Most of the described hybrid species appeared also genetically distinct. (cid:2) Conclusions The data suggest that multiple hybridization events in the Western Carpathian Sorbus have led to the formation of separate, partially reproductively isolated genetic lineages, which may or may not be discriminated morphologically. Even bidirectional hybridization can produce individuals classiﬁed to the same taxon based on phenotype. For some hybrid taxa, hybridization pathways were proposed based on their genetic proximity to parental species and differences in genome sizes.
Who is Speaking? Speaker-Aware Multiparty Dialogue Act Classification

Utterances do not occur in isolation in dialogues; it is essential to have the information of who the speaker of an utterance is to be able to recover the speaker’s intention with respect to the surrounding context. Beyond simply capturing speaker switches, identifying how speakers interact with each other in a dialogue is crucial to understanding conversational flow. This becomes increasingly important and simultaneously difficult to model when more than two interlocutors take part in a conversation. To overcome this challenge, we propose to explicitly add speaker awareness to each utterance representation. To that end, we use a graph neural network to model how each speaker is behaving within the local context of a conversation. The speaker representations learned this way are then used to update their respective utterance representations. We experiment with both multiparticipant and dyadic conversations on the MRDA and SwDA datasets and show the effectiveness of our approach. 1
The Personality Traits of Mountaineers

Introduction: Mountaineers, especially professional ones, are exposed to unusual environments that are not tolerable for most ordinary people. Some available studies suggest that mountaineers have different personality traits from ordinary people; however, there is not enough evidence to support this claim. This study aimed to investigate differences in the personality traits of mountaineers that may influence their decision-making in risky situations. Methods: In this study, a short form of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI, 71 questions) was used to assess the personality traits of 85 mountaineers who were members of mountaineering clubs. The eight dimensions of hypochondriasis (Hs), depression (D), hysteria (Hy), psychopathic deviate (Pd), paranoia (Pa), psychasthenia (Pt), schizophrenia (Sc), and hypomania (Ma) were compared with the results of 62 individuals in the control group. Independent t -test, Chi-square, and three-way ANOVA test were performed in SPSS version 21 for data analysis. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of hypochondriasis, depression, hysteria, paranoia, and psychasthenia, whereas psychopathic deviate, schizophrenia, and hypomania were significantly higher in the mountaineer group compared to the control group. Despite these differences, the MMPI profile was normal for both the mountaineer and control groups. Conclusion: Although mountaineers had significantly different personality traits, they did not show any specific problems in the MMPI, which can potentially affect their decision-making in risky environments. The higher levels of hypomania in mountaineers can explain their participation in high-risk physical activities.