Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Emotion Regulation on Decision-making under Risk

Cognitive strategies typically involved in regulating negative emotions have recently been shown to also be effective with positive emotions associated with monetary rewards. However, it is less clear how these strategies influence behavior, such as preferences expressed during decision-making under risk, and the underlying neural circuitry. That is, can the effective use of emotion regulation strategies during presentation of a reward–conditioned stimulus influence decision-making under risk and neural structures involved in reward processing such as the striatum? To investigate this question, we asked participants to engage in imagery-focused regulation strategies during the presentation of a cue that preceded a financial decision-making phase. During the decision phase, participants then made a choice between a risky and a safe monetary lottery. Participants who successfully used cognitive regulation, as assessed by subjective ratings about perceived success and facility in implementation of strategies, made fewer risky choices in comparison with trials where decisions were made in the absence of cognitive regulation. Additionally, BOLD responses in the striatum were attenuated during decision-making as a function of successful emotion regulation. These findings suggest that exerting cognitive control over emotional responses can modulate neural responses associated with reward processing (e.g., striatum) and promote more goal-directed decision-making (e.g., less risky choices), illustrating the potential importance of cognitive strategies in curbing risk-seeking behaviors before they become maladaptive (e.g., substance abuse).
Towards scalable computational models of emotions for autonomous agents

Computational models of emotions (CMEs) are software systems designed to synthesize the mechanisms of the human emotion process. They are included in cognitive agent architectures to endow Autonomous Agents (AAs) with abilities for the evaluation of emotional stimuli, the simulation and expression of emotional feelings, and the development of emotionally driven responses. Although the literature reports several developments of CMEs, there is still a wide range of challenges that remain unaddressed regarding their development process. A key challenge is the development of scalable CMEs whose architecture is capable of implementing novel findings about human emotions. In this paper, we discuss the challenge of scalable CMEs and present a case study that demonstrates how the step by step application of a methodology that takes advantage of psychological and biological findings leads to the design of scalable CMEs. The results of this paper aim at promoting the development of AAs capable of meeting the complex requirements of current applications.
Counting Complexity Classes

Shripad Thite May 11, 1998 Abstra t The ounting omplexity lasses are de ned in terms of the number of a epting omputation paths of nondetereministi polynomial-time Turing ma hines. They are, therefore, the ounting versions of de ision problems in NP. We review the properties of well-known ounting lasses like #P, P, GapP, SPP et . We also give an overview of the proof of Toda's theorem that relates the ounting lasses to the polynomial-time hierar hy PH. 1 Introdu tion The ounting omplexity lasses orrespond to ounting the number of solutions to de ision problems in NP. The ounting version of a de ision problem requires as an answer some fun tion of the number of solutions to that problem. The ounting lasses are interesting also be ause they are also losely related to probabilisti lasses like PP and BPP. A probabilisti ma hine a epts depending upon whether the majority of its omputation paths a ept or not. This notion of omputation is weaker than the ounting version whi h demands the exa t number of a epting paths. Department of Computer S ien e, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Spring eld Ave., Urbana, IL 61801; Email: thite uiu . edu.
Global Food Prices and Business Cycle Dynamics in an Emerging Market Economy

This paper investigates a perception in the political debates as to what extent poor countries are affected by price movements in the global commodity markets. To test this perception, we use the case of India to establish in a standard SVAR model that global food prices influence aggregate prices and food prices in India. To further analyze these empirical results, we specify a small open economy New-Keynesian model including oil and food prices and estimate it using observed data over the period from 1996Q2 to 2013Q2 by applying Bayesian estimation techniques.
Lost Once, the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein is Now Back onto Brain Polyribosomes

The Fragile X Mental Retardation protein (FMRP) is an RNA-binding protein and its absence leads to the Fragile X syndrome, the most common form of inherited mental retardation. Because it has been acknowledged for a long time that FMRP is associated with polyribosomal mRNPs in all non-neuronal cellular systems studied so far, it is thought that it regulates translation in neurons also; however, its exact function remains elusive. Recently, it has been reported that, contrary to non-neuronal cells, brain FMRP is not associated with the translation machinery, but is part of repressed small RNP complexes excluded from polyribosomes.27 To elucidate this puzzling result, Stefani et al.17 and Khandjian et al.32 have optimized methods to analyze brain polyribosomes and now provide definitive evidence for the association of FMRP with brain polyribosomes. In addition, the data presented in these two reports clearly indicate that FMRP’s function resides at the translation control level.
Marginality, Stress and Ethnic Identification in an Acculturated Aboriginal Community

Psychological changes which result from culture contact and social change have been described for many years within a number of theoretical frameworks, among which is the theory of Marginal Man: Persons living in an acculturated Aboriginal (Australian) community were interviewed in an attempt to comprehend the relations among a number of scaled variables involved in this and other theoretical approaches. Measures taken, in addition to psychological marginality itself, were for alienation, social deviance, psychosomatic stress, attitudes to modes of relating to the dominant White society, degree of westernization, personal barriers to interacting with the dominant community, and ethnic identification. A pattern of results emerged which, in part, supported marginality theory, but which also pointed to a pattern involving more marginality, more deviance and more stress for those rejecting the dominant White society. An interpretation of the data, is offered in terms of reaffirmation of traditional values, a phenomenon anticipated by the original formulators of marginality theory, and now well-documented in the anthropological literature. This interpretation is supported by further analyses of the data in relation to indices of acculturation.
School-Wide Positive Behavior Support and Students with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders: Implications for Prevention, Identification and Intervention

Special education continues to document the poor within and post-school outcomes among children and youth with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders (EBD). While the poor outcomes are due to a myriad of causes, three issues routinely emerge as problematic in the field. First, the need for early intervention and prevention has been well documented, and yet educators continue to struggle with building effective prevention systems. Second, a clear disconnect exists between the current federal definition of “seriously emotionally disturbed” and the educational focus and intent of the law leading to inconsistencies and under-identification of students and the adoption of a pathology model versus a strength-based educational model. Finally, the field continues to struggle with the implementation and sustained use of evidence-based practices within and across schools and school districts. The purpose of this article is to discuss how School-Wide Positive Behavior Support can assist in addressing the issues related to the prevention, educational identification and effective intervention implementation through its systemic logic, data-based decision making, and capacity building within and across schools. Research to date is reviewed with respect to addressing EBD challenges in school and implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Functionally Distributed Control Architecture for Robot Systems

This paper describes the design and implementation of functionally distributed control architecture for real-time control of robot systems. Robot systems must control several functions in parallel for decision, action, and recognition. In order to fulfill this requirement, we propose the architecture based on parallel/distributed control. The robot system based on this architecture is designed as a parallel/distributed computer, in which each module has different I/O peripherals and executes functionally distributed and coarse-grained tasks in real-time, cooperating with each other. We also evaluate the efficiency of the proposed architecture through the experience in implementing a prototype robot.
An economic evaluation model of transformers considering outage consequence

A model is established in order to evaluate the economic operation of transformers. We take the outage consequence of transformer into consideration, based on which we obtain the economic operation of a transformer in a specific power system. The outage consequence is related with the structure of the power system, the flow limits in branches and the different outage costs of customers of different nodes. The outage risk is introduced to describe the product of outage probability and outage consequence. In addition, the aging cost and the power loss of a transformer are also considered in this economic evaluation model. At last, the example of 9 nodes system shows that the proposed model can response the varying level of load in a power system. Thus it can reflect the operation condition of transformer in a specific power system more realistically.
Mood and anxiety disorders and their association with non-medical prescription opioid use and prescription opioid-use disorder: longitudinal evidence from the National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions

Background Non-medical use of prescription opioids represents a national public health concern of growing importance. Mood and anxiety disorders are highly associated with non-medical prescription opioid use. The authors examined longitudinal associations between non-medical prescription opioid use and opioid disorder due to non-medical opioid use and mood/anxiety disorders in a national sample, examining evidence for precipitation, self-medication and general shared vulnerability as pathways between disorders. Method Data were drawn from face-to-face surveys of 34 653 adult participants in waves 1 and 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Logistic regression models explored the temporal sequence and evidence for the hypothesized pathways. Results Baseline lifetime non-medical prescription opioid use was associated with incidence of any mood disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, any anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD in wave 2, adjusted for baseline demographics, other substance use, and co-morbid mood/anxiety disorders). Lifetime opioid disorder was not associated with any incident mood/anxiety disorders. All baseline lifetime mood disorders and GAD were associated with incident non-medical prescription opioid use at follow-up, adjusted for demographics, co-morbid mood/anxiety disorders, and other substance use. Baseline lifetime mood disorders, MDD, dysthymia and panic disorder were associated with incident opioid disorder due to non-medical prescription opioid use at follow-up, adjusted for the same covariates. Conclusions These results suggest that precipitation, self-medication as well as shared vulnerability are all viable pathways between non-medical prescription opioid use and opioid disorder due to non-medical opioid use and mood/anxiety disorders.
The effect of nano-curcumin on HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile in diabetic subjects: a randomized clinical trial

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is defined as a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both or insulin resistance. Curcumin inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway. The aim of this study is evaluation of the effect of Nano-curcumin on HbA1C, fast blood glucose and lipid profile in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: Seventy type-2 diabetic patients (fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥ 126 mg/dL or 2-hr postprandial blood glucose ≥200 mg/dl) randomly receivedeither Curcumin (as nano-micelle 80 mg/day) or placebo for 3 months in a double blind randomized clinical trial. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, and lipids profile were checked before and after the intervention. Data analyses, including parametric and nonparametric tests were done using the SPSS 11.5 software. A p value < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. (RCT registration code: IRCT2013081114330N1) Results: Mean age, BMI, FBG, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL, HDL, HbA1c , and sex and had no significant difference at the baseline between the groups. In Nano-curcumin group, a significant decrease was found in HbA1C, FBG, TG, and BMI comparing results of each subject before and after the treatment (p<0.05). By comparing pre- and post-treatment values among the groups, HbA1c, eAG, LDL-C, and BMI variables showed significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest an HbA1c lowering effect for Nano-curcumin in type-2 diabetes; also, it is partially decrease in serum LDL-C and BMI.
AutoPPG: Towards Automatic Generation of Privacy Policy for Android Applications

A privacy policy is a statement informing users how their information will be collected, used, and disclosed. Failing to provide a correct privacy policy may result in a fine. However, writing privacy policy is tedious and error-prone, because the author may not well understand the source code, which could be written by others (e.g., outsourcing), or does not know the internals of third-party libraries without source codes. In this paper, we propose and develop a novel system named AutoPPG to automatically construct correct and readable descriptions to facilitate the generation of privacy policy for Android applications (i.e., apps). Given an app, AutoPPG first conducts various static code analyses to characterize its behaviors related to users' private information and then applies natural language processing techniques to generating correct and accessible sentences for describing these behaviors. The experimental results using real apps and crowdsourcing indicate that: (1) AutoPPG creates correct and easy-to-understand descriptions for privacy policies; and (2) the privacy policies constructed by AutoPPG usually reveal more operations related to users' private information than existing privacy policies.
Perspective Taking and Intergroup Helping Intentions: The Moderating Role of Power Relations1

People are more willing to help those who belong to their own groups than to an out-group. Research on perspective taking has shown that many forms of in-group favoritism disappear when people are led to take the perspective of the other group. The current research explores the possibility of increasing the level of intergroup helping by a perspective-taking manipulation. An experiment in a Polish-Czech borderland community high school demonstrated that Polish students who were made to imagine that they became members of an out-group (perspective-taking manipulation) were more willing to help out-group members. The moderating role of perceived power is discussed in the context of perspective-taking theory.
Transcript Analysis of Genes Encoding a Family 61 Endoglucanase and a Putative Membrane-Anchored Family 9 Glycosyl Hydrolase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium

ABSTRACT Phanerochaete chrysosporium cellulase genes were cloned and characterized. The cel61A product was structurally similar to fungal endoglucanases of glycoside hydrolase family 61, whereas the cel9A product revealed similarities to Thermobifida fusca Cel9A (E4), an enzyme with both endo- and exocellulase characteristics. The fungal Cel9A is apparently a membrane-bound protein, which is very unusual for microbial cellulases. Transcript levels of both genes were substantially higher in cellulose-grown cultures than in glucose-grown cultures. These results show that P. chrysosporium possesses a wide array of conventional and unconventional cellulase genes.
Interactive Narratives Affecting Social Change: A Closer Look at the Relationship Between Interactivity and Prosocial Behavior

Interactive narratives offer interesting opportunities for the study of the impact of media on behavior. A growing amount of research on games advocating social change, including those focusing on interactive narratives, has highlighted their potential for attitudinal and behavioral impact. In this study, we examine the relationship between interactivity and prosocial behavior, as well as potential underlying processes. A yoked study design with 634 participants compared an interactive with a noninteractive narrative. Structural equation modeling revealed no significant differences in prosocial behavior between the interactive and noninteractive condition. However, support for the importance of appreciation for and engagement with a narrative on subsequent prosocial behavior was observed. In summary, while results shed light on processes underlying the relationship between both noninteractive and interactive narratives and prosocial behavior, they also highlight interactivity as a multifaceted concept worth examining in further detail.
A Predictive Controller for Autonomous Vehicle Path Tracking

This paper presents a model predictive controller (MPC) structure for solving the path-tracking problem of terrestrial autonomous vehicles. To achieve the desired performance during high-speed driving, the controller architecture considers both the kinematic and the dynamic control in a cascade structure. Our study contains a comparative study between two kinematic linear predictive control strategies: The first strategy is based on the successive linearization concept, and the other strategy combines a local reference frame with an approaching path strategy. Our goal is to search for the strategy that best comprises the performance and hardware-cost criteria. For the dynamic controller, a decentralized predictive controller based on a linearized model of the vehicle is used. Practical experiments obtained using an autonomous ldquoMini-Bajardquo vehicle equipped with an embedded computing system are presented. These results confirm that the proposed MPC structure is the solution that better matches the target criteria.
‘Come and live here and you'll experience it’: youths talk about their deprived neighbourhood

This study examined youths' lived experiences of a deprived neighbourhood in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Previous studies assume that deprived neighbourhoods pose serious risks for youths. What is largely missing from these studies, however, are the experiences of young people themselves. Do they indeed experience their neighbourhood as hostile and unsafe? Do they really experience a lack of resources? We conducted a qualitative study among youths aged 13–18 living in Feijenoord, a district of Rotterdam. The research demonstrates how important it is to discover youths' views on and experiences of their environments, as their experiences are very diverse and often differ from the hegemonic discourse. While the respondents were aware of problems, such as crime and violence, they also pointed to several positive aspects of their neighbourhood. In the eyes of the youths, their neighbourhood has both instrumental and affective meaning. Neighbourhood effect research might benefit from paying more attention to the idea that place can have multiple meanings, and from looking at the perceived neighbourhood strengths instead of only focusing on the deficits in deprived neighbourhoods.
The Benefit of Decomposing POMDP for Control of Gene Regulatory Networks

Controlling genes and interactions between them is an example real life problem that exhibits partial observability and can be modelled with POMDP framework. In this work, we explore the feasibility of realizing the genes related problem in POMDP framework. Current works addressing partial observability focus on formulating algorithms for the finite horizon gene regulatory network control problem. This motivated us to take the challenge and tackle the control problem from a real infinite horizon partially observable perspective. In other words, the method proposed in this work is a POMDP formulation for the infinite horizon version of the problem. This formulation first decomposes the problem by isolating different unrelated parts of the problem, and then makes use of existing POMDP solvers to solve the obtained sub problems, the final outcome is a control mechanism for the main problem.
In vivo imaging of cellular proliferation in renal cell carcinoma using 18F-fluorothymidine PET

Objective(s): The ability to measure cellular proliferation non-invasively in renal cell carcinoma may allow prediction of tumour aggressiveness and response to therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the uptake of 18F-fluorothymidine (FLT) PET in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and to compare this to 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), and to an immunohistochemical measure of cellular proliferation (Ki-67). Methods: Twenty seven patients (16 male, 11 females; age 42-77) with newly diagnosed renal cell carcinoma suitable for resection were prospectively enrolled. All patients had preoperative FLT and FDG PET scans. Visual identification of tumour using FLT PET compared to normal kidney was facilitated by the use of a pre-operative contrast enhanced CT scan. After surgery tumour was taken for histologic analysis and immunohistochemical staining by Ki-67. Results: The SUVmax (maximum standardized uptake value) mean±SD for FLT in tumour was 2.59±1.27, compared to normal kidney (2.47±0.34). The mean SUVmax for FDG in tumour was similar to FLT (2.60±1.08). There was a significant correlation between FLT uptake and the immunohistochemical marker Ki-67 (r=0.72, P<0.0001) in RCC. Ki-67 proliferative index was mean ± SD of 13.3%±9.2 (range 2.2% - 36.3%). Conclusion: There is detectable uptake of FLT in primary renal cell carcinoma, which correlates with cellular proliferation as assessed by Ki-67 labelling index. This finding has relevance to the use of FLT PET in molecular imaging studies of renal cell carcinoma biology.