Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A buffer allocation scheme for ATM networks: complete sharing based on virtual partition

Buffer allocation to provide an efficient and fair use of the available buffer spaces is critically important for ATM networks. A complete sharing with virtual partition (CSVP) strategy for buffer management at a multiplexer or an output port of an output buffered switch is proposed and analyzed. The total buffer space is partitioned based on the relative traffic loads (measured or estimated). Virtual partition allows a newly arriving cell belonging to an oversubscribed type to occupy the spare space of an undersubscribed type, and to be overwritten when necessary. Using a fluid flow approach, a set of partial differential equations with a triangular stability region is established to characterize the dynamics of a system supporting two traffic flows. Under a buffer full condition, the system behavior is described by a set of non-homogeneous ordinary differential equations. The cell loss probability for each traffic type is obtained by solving the ordinary differential equations. Numerical examples indicate that by appropriately selecting the partitions, the CSVP method may be used to provide differential cell loss rate requirements by the different traffic types.
Efficacy of Bevacizumab Compared to Mitomycin C Modulated Trabeculectomy in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A One-Year Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the efficacy of bevacizumab over mitomycin C (MMC) modulated trabeculectomy in cases of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Method: In this prospective randomized controlled study, 80 eyes of 80 patients with uncontrolled POAG or intolerant to antiglaucoma medications were randomized to two groups: Group 1 (n = 40) patients underwent trabeculectomy modulated with MMC (0.2 mg/ml), whereas Group 2 (n = 40) patients underwent trabeculectomy modulated with bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml). The outcome measures were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications and bleb morphological features based on Moorfields Bleb Grading System (MBGS). All patients were followed up for one year post trabeculectomy.Results: The mean preoperative IOP in the bevacizumab group improved from 22.41 ±1.08 mm Hg with 3.2 ± 0.9 glaucoma medications to 13.68 ± 0.79 mm Hg with 0.11 ± 0.32 glaucoma medications at one year (P < 0.001). The mean preoperative IOP in the MMC group improved from 22.64 ± 0.90 mm Hg with 3.1 ± 0.8 glaucoma medications to 13.84 ± 0.73 mm Hg with 0.17 ± 0.38 glaucoma medications at one year (P < 0.001). IOP was comparable between two groups at one year (P = 0.43). No significant differences were found in bleb morphological features based on MBGS regarding central bleb area, peripheral bleb area, height and central vascularity between the two groups at six months and one year. However, there was a statistically significant difference in peripheral bleb vascularity and peripheral non-bleb vascularity with bevacizumab group exhibiting a low degree of vascularity at one year (P = 0.029 and 0.004, respectively). Conclusion: Adjunctive bevacizumab in trabeculectomy is effective and comparable to MMC for controlling IOP in POAG patients for the first year.
Response of African oil palm to nitrogen addition and its influence on the diazotrophic bacteria population

African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis, Jaquim) can produce up to 7 tons of oil per hectare per year. The vegetable oil is greatly versatile in its use, since food industry up to the production of fuels favorable to environmental protection. The plant has the potential to be associative with diazotrophic bacteria which colonize the roots and stem. The objective of this work was to evaluate 17 genotypes of E. guineensis in response to nitrogen addition and to verify the influence of this nitrogen on the diazotrophic population in an experiment using plastic pots filled with 50% quartz sand and 50% of non sterilized Horizon B; Red-Yellow Podzolic Soil series Itaguaí, extremely poor in nitrogen. Urea was used at a dose of 33.68 kg ha-1 de N. In the presence of the nitrogen, all genotypes improved biometric parameters, increased total nitrogen and its accumulation. Its addiction did not affect the diazotrophic population. Two genotypes were selected in the presence and absence of nitrogen: C-2001 and La Mé, respectively.
Molecular rescue of Tsc1-ablated cortical tuber mice

Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is a multi-organic, autosomal-dominant disorder commonly caused by mutations in one of the two tumor suppressor genes TSC1 or TSC2 that encode the proteins hamartin and tuberin, respectively. TSC is characterized by highly differentiated malformations in different organs, including cortical tubers in the brain. They occur in the majority of patients and represent the major clinical burden, as they are commonly assumed to be responsible for the severe epilepsy phenotype [1]. While parallel loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is often found in extracerebral TSC associated malformations, such events are only rarely detected in cortical tubers [2]. Independent studies found that classical second hit events in TSC1 heterozygous patients may explain the formation of cortical tubers, while in direct contrast to these findings another group claims that second hits are rare in cortical tubers [1, 3]. Despite the tremendous ongoing research effort on TSC, the exact pathomechanisms leading to the emergence of cortical tubers remain controversial. A major breakthrough for studying the contribution of TSC1 to brain malformations including cortical tubers was the establishment of Tsc1 knockout mice by the Kwiatkowski group [4]. In our recently published article [5], we started out from respective transgenic mice to study tuber molecular development aspects [4, 6]. The frequently used C57Bl/6 Tsc1fl/fl mouse line was backcrossed into the CD1 genetic background for at least 3 generations to achieve CD1 Tsc1fl/fl mice. By using this mouse strain we increase pup survival after intraventricular in utero electroporation (IUE) dramatically, thus accelerating research on TSC. In utero expression of Cre at embryonic day 14 (E14) and subsequent loss of Tsc1 expression in single cells induced cytopathological alterations in mature mice (>P24) reflecting typical tuber-like features: enlarged neuronal cell bodies, increased mTOR activation (assessed by pS6 immunoreactivity), aberrant dendritic arborization and abnormal positioning of cortical neurons (Figure 1A-1C).
Proteomic analysis of S‐nitrosylated proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana undergoing hypersensitive response

Nitric oxide (NO) has a fundamental role in the plant hypersensitive disease resistance response (HR), and S‐nitrosylation is emerging as an important mechanism for the transduction of its bioactivity. A key step toward elucidating the mechanisms by which NO functions during the HR is the identification of the proteins that are subjected to this PTM. By using a proteomic approach involving 2‐DE and MS we characterized, for the first time, changes in S‐nitrosylated proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana undergoing HR. The 16 S‐nitrosylated proteins identified are mostly enzymes serving intermediary metabolism, signaling and antioxidant defense. The study of the effects of S‐nitrosylation on the activity of the identified proteins and its role during the execution of the disease resistance response will help to understand S‐nitrosylation function and significance in plants.
The climate change habitability index

certain imminent large-scale changes in terms of where people can live, grow food, obtain fresh water, and create harmony with the natural world. We need interactive systems that allow access to data about the habitability of particular regions and predictions about the future habitability of particular regions [1]. It will be critical to make such information readily available to ordinary people to ensure that the absorption and evacuation of populations as a response to the effects of climate change are as orderly and peaceful as possible. Definition To reiterate, the CCHI is defined abstractly as a metric that can be stated in ordinary language and diagrams that allows people to answer the following three questions related to sustainability and adaptation to climate change: • Can I continue to live where I am living? • Where can I move if I can't continue to live where I'm living? • How many people can the place where I live sustainably support, if where I live continues to be habitable? By " can I continue to live where I am living, " we mean to ask if a place is habitable enough for people to live in accordance with water and food supplies, health conditions, and the habitability of coastal environments in particular and other environments in general. By " where can I move if I can't continue to live where I'm living, " we mean to ask which places are habitable or have better, more sustainable living affordances respective of the five factors identified by the IPCC—water, coasts, food, health, and The most recent Sustainably Ours forum addressed the implications of climate change and fostering the sustainable use of resources, especially in the context of digital interactivity and its agency in the world [1]. The article suggested a number of possible approaches. In this issue, we address one of the approaches that we call the Climate Change Habitability Index (CCHI) as a design exercise and catalyst to a program of ongoing research. The idea of the CCHI is to allow ordinary individuals in general—rather than climate scientists in particu-lar—to understand the state of the world in terms of habitability at particular places. In the face of climate change, individuals will need to be able to use the CCHI and other measures to answer questions of habitability. The CCHI will need to be stated in a way that is easily understood by nonscientists, …
Real-time upper body tracking with online initialization using a range sensor

We present a novel method for upper body pose estimation with online initialization of pose and the anthropometric profile. Our method is based on a Hierarchical Particle Filter that defines its likelihood function with a single view depth map provided by a range sensor. We use Connected Operators on range data to detect hand and head candidates that are used to enrich the Particle Filter's proposal distribution, but also to perform an automated initialization of the pose and the anthropometric profile estimation. A GPU based implementation of the likelihood evaluation yields real-time performance. Experimental validation of the proposed algorithm and the real-time implementation are provided, as well as a comparison with the recently released OpenNI tracker for the Kinect sensor.
New Compounds Hybrids 1H‐1,2,3‐Triazole‐Quinoline Against Plasmodium falciparum

Malaria is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in the world. The global importance of this disease, current vector control limitations, and the absence of an effective vaccine make the use of therapeutic antimalarial drugs the main strategy to control malaria. Chloroquine is a cost‐effective antimalarial drug with a relatively robust safety profile, or therapeutic index. However, chloroquine is no longer used alone to treat patients with Plasmodium falciparum due to the emergence and spread of chloroquine‐resistant strains, which have also been reported for Plasmodium vivax. However, the activity of 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives against chloroquine‐sensitive and chloroquine‐resistant strains of P. falciparum has been reported in the literature. To enhance the anti‐P. falciparum activity of quinoline derivatives, we synthesized 11 new quinoline‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole hybrids with different substituents in the 4‐positions of the 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole ring, which were assayed against the W2‐chloroquine‐resistant P. falciparum clone. Six compounds exhibited activity against the P. falciparum W2 clone, chloroquine‐resistant, with IC50 values ranging from 1.4 to 46 μm. None of these compounds was toxic to a normal monkey kidney cell line, thus exhibiting good selectivity indexes, as high 351 for one compound (11).
MOLECULAR RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY : A GREEN CHEMISTRY PROCESS FOR SEPARATION OF INDIVIDUAL RARE EARTH METALS

Separation methods for rare earth elements (REE) are predominantly based on solvent extraction procedures. These methods are low in metal selectivity and generate large amounts of waste resulting in high capex and opex costs. Molecular Recognition Technology (MRT) is a much simpler green chemistry process that uses no organic solvents and carries out separations with highly metal-selective SuperLig products. Minimal waste is generated. The MRT process has been used to successfully separate all sixteen REE (excluding Pm) (1) from a pregnant leach solution derived from the Bokan-Dotson Ridge (Alaska) rare earth metal deposit and (2) individually, from each other. Both separations are made at the >99% level. This paper discusses the MRT-based REE separation results in comparison with traditional separations technology.
The polyvagal theory: New insights into adaptive reactions of the autonomic nervous system

The polyvagal theory describes an autonomic nervous system that is influenced by the central nervous system, sensitive to afferent influences, characterized by an adaptive reactivity dependent on the phylogeny of the neural circuits, and interactive with source nuclei in the brainstem regulating the striated muscles of the face and head. The theory is dependent on accumulated knowledge describing the phylogenetic transitions in the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Its specific focus is on the phylogenetic shift between reptiles and mammals that resulted in specific changes to the vagal pathways regulating the heart. As the source nuclei of the primary vagal efferent pathways regulating the heart shifted from the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in reptiles to the nucleus ambiguus in mammals, a face–heart connection evolved with emergent properties of a social engagement system that would enable social interactions to regulate visceral state.
GALACTIC ANGULAR MOMENTUM IN THE ILLUSTRIS SIMULATION: FEEDBACK AND THE HUBBLE SEQUENCE

We study the stellar angular momentum of thousands of galaxies in the Illustris cosmological simulation, which captures gravitational and gas dynamics within galaxies, as well as feedback from stars and black holes. We find that the angular momentum of the simulated galaxies matches observations well, and in particular two distinct relations are found for late-type versus early-type galaxies. The relation for late-type galaxies corresponds to the value expected from full conservation of the specific angular momentum generated by cosmological tidal torques. The relation for early-type galaxies corresponds to retention of only ∼30% of that, but we find that those early-type galaxies with low angular momentum at z = 0 nevertheless reside at high redshift on the late-type relation. Some of them abruptly lose angular momentum during major mergers. To gain further insight, we explore the scaling relations in simulations where the galaxy formation physics is modified with respect to the fiducial model. We find that galactic winds with high mass-loading factors are essential for obtaining the high angular momentum relation typical for late-type galaxies, while active galactic nucleus feedback largely operates in the opposite direction. Hence, feedback controls the stellar angular momentum of galaxies, and appears to be instrumental for establishing the Hubble sequence.
The phenotypic and molecular spectrum of PEHO syndrome and PEHO-like disorders

1 Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK 2 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies “DMMBM”, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples 80131, Italy 3 CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples 80131, Italy 4 European School of Molecular Medicine, SEMM, University of Milan, Italy 5 King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia 6 Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico “Bambino Gesù”, Rome 00146, Italy
Riboswitch control of Rho-dependent transcription termination

Riboswitches are RNA sensors that regulate gene expression upon binding specific metabolites or ions. Bacterial riboswitches control gene expression primarily by promoting intrinsic transcription termination or by inhibiting translation initiation. We now report a third general mechanism of riboswitch action: governing the ability of the RNA-dependent helicase Rho to terminate transcription. We establish that Rho promotes transcription termination in the Mg2+-sensing mgtA riboswitch from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and the flavin mononucleotide-sensing ribB riboswitch from Escherichia coli when the corresponding riboswitch ligands are present. The Rho-specific inhibitor bicyclomycin enabled transcription of the coding regions at these two loci in bacteria experiencing repressing concentrations of the riboswitch ligands in vivo. A mutation in the mgtA leader that favors the “high Mg2+” conformation of the riboswitch promoted Rho-dependent transcription termination in vivo and in vitro and enhanced the ability of the RNA to stimulate Rho's ATPase activity in vitro. These effects were overcome by mutations in a C-rich region of the mRNA that is alternately folded at high and low Mg2+, suggesting a role for this region in regulating the activity of Rho. Our results reveal a potentially widespread mode of gene regulation whereby riboswitches dictate whether a protein effector can interact with the transcription machinery to prematurely terminate transcription.
The Role of Protein Glycosylation in Allergy

The asparagine-linked carbohydrate moieties of plant and insect glycoproteins are the most abundant environmental immune determinants. They are the structural basis of what is known as cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs). Despite some structural variation, the two main motifs are the xylose and the core-3-linked fucose, which form the essential part of two independent epitopes. Plants contain both epitopes, insect glycoproteins only fucose. These epitopes and other fucosylated determinants are also found in helminth parasites where they exert remarkable immunomodulatory effects. About 20% or more of allergic patients generate specific anti-glycan IgE, which is often accompanied by IgG. Even though antibody-binding glycoproteins are widespread in pollens, foods and insect venoms, CCDs do not appear to cause clinical symptoms in most, if not all patients. When IgE binding is solely due to CCDs, a glycoprotein allergen thus can be rated as clinical irrelevant allergen. Low binding affinity between IgE and plant N-glycans now drops out as a plausible explanation for the benign nature of CCDs. This rather may result from blocking antibodies induced by an incidental ‘immune therapy’ (‘glyco-specific immune therapy’) exerted by everyday contact with plant materials, e.g. fruits or vegetables. The need to detect and suppress anti-CCD IgE without interference from peptide epitopes can be best met by artificial glycoprotein allergens. Hydroxyproline-linked arabinose (single β-arabinofuranosyl residues) has been identified as a new IgE-binding carbohydrate epitope in the major mugwort allergen. However, currently the occurrence of this O-glycan determinant appears to be rather restricted.
Association of PTEN gene methylation with genetic alterations in the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/AKT signaling pathway in thyroid tumors

The phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway plays an important role in thyroid tumorigenesis and progression. Genetic alterations, particularly PIK3CA amplification and mutations and ras mutations, are the major cause of aberrant activation of this pathway in thyroid tumors. Epigenetic silencing of the PTEN gene, a negative regulator of the PI3K/AKT pathway, also occurs in thyroid tumors, but its relationship with genetic alterations in this pathway is unclear.
Working posture control of Robot Suit HAL for reducing structural stress

The advent of the super aged society and decline in earning power makes it critical to develop technologies that can support the limitations of our human abilities. We have developed Robot Suit HAL to support human physical capabilities. A wearable robot expected to work in human society is required to have a high structural safety, with a tough and compact structure and a human outline. To achieve this, this paper focuses on the control method for a wearable robot based on the structural safety. We suggest that HAL autonomously leads a wearer to a known appropriate working posture to reduce the structural stress based on prior FEM analysis. This is called Working Posture Control. The purpose of this paper is to propose a working posture control method and to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The target motion is the holding of a load with both forearms, such as is done during heavy work. The heavy work assistance means a higher workload for HAL than ever before, compared to usages such as the walking assistance. FEM analysis shows the waist component becomes stressed especially. Therefore, the reference working posture is defined as one where the upper body is inclined backwards using the principle of reducing the structural stress by shortening the moment arm. To this end, the control algorithm switches from control by bio-electrical signals to proportional and derivative control based on the angles and the angular velocities of the joints at the right time. When this method was applied in an experiment, the angles of the hip and knee joints follow the reference angles for changing to the appropriate working posture of the load holding motion and it was shown that the structural stress of the waist component was reduced. This confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method.
In vivo characterization of p‐[18F]MPPF, a fluoro analog of WAY‐100635 for visualization of 5‐HT1a receptors

The in vivo and ex vivo distributions and the pharmacological profile of the fluorinated phenylpiperazine derivative p‐[18F]MPPF (4‐(2′‐methoxyphenyl)‐1‐[2′‐(N‐2″‐pyridinyl)‐p‐fluorobenzamido]‐ethylpiperazine) were evaluated in the cat brain as a potential selective antagonist for 5‐HT1A receptors using PET. After intravenous injection of p‐[18F]MPPF in cats, there was a rapid accumulation of radioactivity in the brain, with 4% of the total radioactivity injected present in the brain at 4 minutes postinjection. The highest uptakes of radioactivity were observed in the hippocampus and cingulate cortex, regions known to be rich in 5‐HT1A receptors, whereas lower levels of radioactivity were observed in the cerebellum. The mean ratio of radioactivity in the hippocampus to the cerebellum was 4.29 (SD = 0.21; n = 5) from 40 to 90 minutes postinjection of p‐[18F]MPPF. The corresponding ratio for the cingulate cortex was 3.01 (SD = 0.16; n = 5). Specific binding in the hippocampus and the cingulate cortex was markedly reduced following injection of unlabeled WAY‐100635 and pindolol but was unaffected by treatment with α1, 5‐HT2, or reuptake inhibitor agents indicating reversibility and selectivity of p‐[18F]MPPF binding to 5‐HT1A receptors. Ex vivo autoradiographic study with p‐[18F]MPPF in cat brain sections showed labeling of areas rich in 5‐HT1A receptors with a regional brain distribution that closely matched that observed using PET. These results indicate that p‐[18F]MPPF may be a useful candidate for noninvasive PET imaging of 5‐HT1A receptors in the living human brain. Synapse 35:192–200, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.