Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON INFORMATICS VISUALIZATION

— Relational database management systems (RDBMS) have long served as the fundamental infrastructure for web applications. Relatively slow access speeds characterize an RDBMS because its data is stored on a disk. This RDBMS weakness can be overcome using an in-memory database (IMDB). Each query result can be stored in the IMDB to accelerate future access. However, due to the limited capacity of the server cache in the IMDB, an appropriate data priority assessment mechanism needs to be developed. This paper presents a similar cache framework that considers four data vectors, namely the data size, timestamp, aging factor, and controller access statistics for each web page, which serve as the foundation elements for determining the replacement policy whenever there is a change in the content of the server cache. The proposed similarCache employs the Pearson correlation coefficient to quantify the similarity levels among the cached data in the server cache. The lowest Pearson correlation coefficients cached data are the first to be evicted from the memory. The proposed similarCache was empirically evaluated based on simulations conducted on four IRcache datasets. The simulation outcomes revealed that the data access patterns, and the configuration of the allocated memory cache significantly influenced the hit ratio performance. In particular, the simulations on the SV dataset with the most minor memory space configuration exhibited a 2.33% and 1% superiority over the SIZE and FIFO algorithms, respectively. Future tasks include building a cache that can adapt to data access patterns by determining the standard deviation. The proposed similarCache should raise the Pearson coefficient for often available data to the same level as most accessed data in exceptional cases.
Strategies for Software and Hardware Compatibility Testing in Industrial Controllers

Mass customization, small batch sizes, high variability of product types and a changing product portfolio during the life cycle of an industrial plant are current trends in the industry. Due to an increasing decoupling of the development of software and hardware components in an industrial context, compatibility problems within industrial control systems arise more and more frequently. In this publication, a strategy concept for compatibility testing is derived and discussed by means of a literature review and applied research. This four-phase strategy concept identifies incompatibilities between software and hardware components in the industrial control environment and enables test engineers to detect problems at an early stage. By automating the compatibility test on an external I-PC, the test can be run both when new software is installed on the industrial controller and when the controller is restarted. Thus, changes to the components are constantly detected and incompatibilities are avoided. Furthermore, early incompatibility detection can ensure that a system remains permanently operational. Based on a discussion, additional strategies are identified to consolidate the robustness and applicability of the presented concept.
AUDITORS' INDEPENDENCE AND QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTING IN LISTED NIGERIAN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES

This study examined the relationship between auditors' independence and quality of corporate financial reporting in Nigeria. The study was anchored on the Agency Theory and adopted the content analysis research design. Data were collected from annual reports of listed manufacturing companies for the period 2013 to 2017. Some descriptive and correlation statistics were deployed as tools of analysis while regressions were used to examine the relationship between the variables highlighted in the study. Findings of the study indicate that audit incentives, audit tenure and audit client size have a significant positive relationship with quality of financial reporting. The study also finds that audit reporting lag has a positive but insignificant correlation with financial reporting quality whereas auditor's status such as being one of the big 4 audit firms has a significant negative relationship with quality of financial reporting. The study concludes that longer auditor tenure and higher incentives promote independence of the auditor which by extension improves quality of financial reporting. The study recommends that audit firms should charge reasonable fees to ensure adequate compensation for engagement staff as this will promote independence. The study further suggests that Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria (FRC) and other regulatory bodies should increase the three years mandatory professional requirement for auditors so as to encourage longer auditor tenure.
Pacific sea surface temperature related influences on North American monsoon precipitation within North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program models

Climate inter‐annual variability over the North American monsoon (NAM) region is associated with El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific decadal variability (PDV), which drive a warm season atmospheric teleconnection response. Using the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) simulations, previous studies have found that regional models forced with an atmospheric reanalysis (NARCCAP Phase I) represent the NAM reasonably well as a climatological feature. However, when these same regional models are forced with global climate model projections (NARCCAP Phase II), their ability to represent the NAM as a salient feature substantially degrades. The present study evaluates NAM inter‐annual climate variability through the continental‐scale patterns of summer precipitation within the NARCCAP simulations (Phases I and II), in relation to ENSO–PDV, and the presence of the driving atmospheric teleconnection response. Multivariate statistical analyses are applied to sea surface temperature and precipitation data sets to determine dominant variability at continental scale, with focus on the southwest. The analysis reveals that NARCCAP Phase I simulations are able to portray the spatial pattern of precipitation associated with ENSO–PDV in a similar way to observations. However, all NARCCAP Phase II simulations, with the exception of the HRM(Hadcm3) regional–global model pair, fail to reproduce this climate variability. Although including all possible NARCCAP model simulations to generate a multi‐model ensemble mean would increase the statistical degree of confidence in climate projections, this type of result would not increase confidence in the physical climatology of model representations of warm season climate variability. More physically based, process‐oriented metrics are needed to evaluate model quality in assessing the uncertainty of future climate change in multi‐model ensemble products used for climate change impacts assessments.
Effect of the connectivity on the diversity and abundance of cladoceran assemblages in lagoons of the upper Paraná river floodplain.

: Effect of the connectivity on the diversity and abundance of cladoceran assemblages in lagoons of the upper Paraná river floodplain. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the degree of connectivity and the flood pulse on the abundance and diversity patterns of planktonic Cladocera in lagoons of the Upper Paraná River floodplain. Samples were collected on the surface in the limnetic region of 9 lagoons, three having a high degree of connectivity, three with low degree of connectivity, and three no connected to the river, during the high and low water periods. Eighteen species of Cladocera were identified, and although not significant, there was a tendency for the lagoons with high connectivity to be more diverse during both sampling periods. This can be explained by the continous fauna exchange between the river and the lagoons. The results of the diversity index suggest that the flood pulse exerts a homogenizing effect, which is most evident in the lagoons with a high degree of connectivity. With respect to abundance, the results also show a tendency for greater densities of Cladocera to occur in lagoons with a high degree of connectivity. However, when the abundance patterns of the dominant species are analyzed, it can be seen that these species answer in distinct ways to the degree of connectivity and the flood pulse.
Stoneley wave attenuation and dispersion and the dynamic permeability correction

Stoneley waves induce fluid pressure gradients in a permeable formation surrounding the borehole. These gradients are equilibrated through pressure diffusion, that is to say, slow P-waves in the context of Biot’s poroelasticity theory. Because slow P-waves are strongly sensitive to the formation permeability, the Stoneley-slow P-wave interaction can be used to retrieve the formation permeability from the attenuation and dispersion of Stoneley waves. The accuracy of this established technique in high-permeability formations deteriorates when slow P-waves are not pure diffusion waves; hence, the permeability dependence is more complicated. This effect on Stoneley waves is captured by applying the Johnson-Koplik-Dashen dynamic permeability model. Their model depends on a viscous relaxation length. However, in the estimation of formation permeability from Stoneley waves, this parameter is typically not measured but is estimated from an empirical equation, wherein material properties and microstructural descriptors are lumped together. When the so-calculated relaxation length is erroneous, the inverted formation permeability from the Stoneley wave is not correct either. To overcome this limitation and to provide a versatile alternative, the dynamic permeability problem is reformulated within the viscosity-extended Biot framework. Its physical basis is the conversion scattering in random media from slow P- to slow S-waves. The correlation length of this so-called stochastic dynamic permeability model can be derived from pore-scale images, and it also captures the effect of pore interface roughness. This model is then combined with the simplified Biot-Rosenbaum model to predict Stoneley wave attenuation and dispersion. We have applied this hybrid model to interpret laboratory measurements for which the previously suggested choice of the viscous relaxation length does not provide an accurate prediction. The results indicate that the hybrid model can provide another approach to model Stoneley wave attenuation and dispersion across the entire frequency range.
Genetic Diversity of Alternaria alternata Associated with Citrus spp . in Southern Iran Based on RAPD-PCR

Alternaria diseases of citrus caused by Alternaria spp. are important diseases with worldwide distributions. Iran is a major producer of citrus. Recently, Alternaria diseases have been observed in many citrus orchards in southern Iran. The Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique is a cost effective approach for assessing the genetic diversity of Alternaria alternata isolated from citrus. In this study, 45 pathogenic isolates of A. alternata collected from diseased leaves of citrus in southern Iran were assessed. Genomic DNA was extracted from young mycelia and eight random decamer nucleotide primers were prepared for RAPD-PCR reactions. The primers yielded reproducible highly polymorphic bands. The highest and the lowest polymorphism information content values were recorded for primers UBC 211 and UBC 203, respectively. According to the cluster analysis, isolates were classified into 13 major clusters with a 0.68 cut-off position. Many isolates from orange cultivars, tangerine cultivars and some isolates from citron, lime, grapefruit and sweet lemons were classified in clades containing a single isolate. All of the isolates collected in the Mamasani region, many from different citrus species and cultivars in Bandar Abbas and Khuzestan, many from tangerines in Jahrom and some from oranges collected in Jahrom and Khuzestan clustered into separate clades. The results indicated a high level of genetic diversity among A. alternata populations associated with citrus collected in southern Iran. Some individuals in the population of A. alternata showed unique genetic structures. In some cases, geographical and host specialization groupings were observed among A. alternata isolates collected on the citrus of different regions
A Two-Genome Portrayal of Mitochondrial Disorders: A Review with Clinical Presentations.

Disorders of mitochondrial function are responsible for many inherited neuromuscular and metabolic diseases. Their combination of high mortality, multi-systemic involvement, and economic burden cause devastating effects on patients and their families. Molecular diagnostic tools are becoming increasingly important in providing earlier diagnoses and guiding more precise therapeutic treatments for patients suffering from mitochondrial disorders. This review addresses fundamental molecular concepts relating to the pathogenesis of mitochondrial dysfunction and disorders. A series of short cases highlights the various clinical presentations, inheritance patterns, and pathogenic mutations in nuclear and mitochondrial genes that cause mitochondrial diseases. Graphical and tabular representations of the results are presented to guide the understanding of the important concepts related to mitochondrial molecular genetics and pathology. Emerging technology is incorporating preimplantation genetic testing for mtDNA disorders, while mitochondrial replacement shows promise in significantly decreasing the transfer of diseased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to embryos. Medical professionals must maintain an in-depth understanding of the gene mutations and molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial disorders. Continued diagnostic advances and comprehensive management of patients with mitochondrial disorders are essential to achieve robust clinical impacts from comprehensive genomic testing. This is especially true when supported by non-genetic tests such as biochemical analysis, histochemical stains, and imaging studies. Such a multi-pronged investigation should improve the management of mitochondrial disorders by providing accurate and timely diagnoses to reduce disease burden and improve the lives of patients and their families.
Ameliorative Effect of Cinnamon against Hypercholesterolemia Induced by High-Fat Diet in The Adult Male Albino Rat's Adrenal Gland; Histological, Ultrastructural, and Immunohistochemical Studies

Obesity is a global health issue of great concern. It leads to hyperplasia, hypertrophy of adipocytes, and metabolic complications including coronary artery disease, and cerebrovascular disease. The effectiveness of cinnamon zeylanicum as a medicinal herb comes from its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential beneficial effects of cinnamon on adrenal toxicity caused by a high-fat diet in male albino rats. Four equal groups of the experimental animals were used, the control group, the cinnamon group, the high-fat diet group, the high-fat diet, and the cinnamon group. Animals fed cinnamon showed similar results with the control group. The adrenal cortex sections of high-fat diet-fed animals showed different degenerative changes in all layers of the adrenal gland, cortex, medulla, and corrugation of the capsule. Ultra structurally, a lot of adrenal cortical cells appeared with irregular pyknotic nuclei, swollen mitochondria, dilated sER, and numerous lipid droplets with variable shapes and sizes. Moreover, a significant rise in the immunohistochemical expression of cytochrome c in a large number of cortical cells was observed. On the contrary, animals given cinnamon and a high-fat diet exhibited noticeable improvement in the structure of the adrenal gland, and the immunohistochemical expression of cytochrome c was observed in the third group. The histological structure of the adrenal gland appeared to be mostly the same as the control one. Cinnamon has a potential effect in improving adrenal toxicity against a high-fat diet because of the natural constituent capable of its pharmaceutical effects.
Efficacy and Safety of Paracervical Block in Reducing Intrauterine Device Insertion Related Pain : A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of 20 ml of 1 % buffered lidocaine paracervical block to reduce pain during IUCD placement. Materials and Methods: In randomized single blinded controlled trial, women were assigned to receive either a 20 ml buffered lidocaine or no block before IUCD insertion. Enrollment occurred at family planning clinic, Badr University Hospital. The primary outcome was pain measured with a 100-mm visual analogue scale in various steps of IUD insertion. Results: From January to july 2021, 138 women were enrolled and distributed randomly into two equal groups: group I (intervention group) included 70 women received paracervical block before IUCD insertion in form of lidocaine injection, and group II (no intervention) included 68 women. There were no differences in demographic characteristics of both groups. Women who received the paracervical block reported less pain with IUD insertion compared to women who received no block( median VAS score of 20.9 mm versus 37.4 mm, p<0.001 ). Pain with tenaculum placement was less in intervention group (28.9mm versus 58.4mm, p <0.001 ). Pain with paracervical block administration was higher for intervention group compared to the no paracervical block group (18.4mm versus 10.9mm, p<0.001 ). The mean pain intensity felt 5 minutes after IUD placement was (5.9mm versus 16.9mm, p<0.001 ) which is statistically significant. The intensity of pain was similar and there was no statistically significant difference in the median VAS scores at baseline pain or pain with speculum insertion (51mm compared with 53.4 mm, p= 0.196 ). Conclusion : 20 ml lidocaine 1% paracervical block prior to copper T380A IUD insertion significantly decrease the related pain perception when compared with no block group.
Impact of weather and climate on seed protein and oil content of soybean in the North Сaucasus

For a targeted search of initial breeding material for the quality of soybean seeds, it is necessary to know the patterns of the dependence of the corresponding seed characters on the weather and climatic conditions in a particular region. Global climatic change, the concretization of which is relevant, has a share in this dependence. Thus, the aim of this work was to identify the relationship between the variability of protein and oil content in soybean seeds with climatic parameters in the North Caucasus as well as trends in this variability over a long time period. The study of 1 442 soybean accessions from VIR collection in the Krasnodar region during 1987–2015 had been carried out and the tendencies of the variability of protein and oil content in seeds in this environment were estimated. The regression analysis in differences with forward stepwise selection of variables has been used to construct models for the dependence of the protein and oil content on generalized agrometeorological indices. During 1987–2015, for the period with temperatures above 10 °C, the sums of active temperatures increased by 218 °C/10 years and precipitation decreased by 20.9 mm/10 years. In the dynamics of protein content, a trend has been revealed as an increase by 2.5 % over 10 years, while there is no reliable trend in oil content. The maximum average mean of oil content and the smallest protein were in the middle-maturing accessions (22.2 and 38.8 %), and a relatively high protein content was detected, on average, in the early- (21.6 and 40.0 %) and late-maturing (20.2 and 39.9 %) varieties. The protein content had been increasing with a growth of the duration of the period with temperatures above 22 °C and decreasing with a raise in precipitation over a period of temperatures above 18 °C. The accumulation of oil in seeds was promoted by an increase of the hydrothermal coefficient over the period with temperatures above 19 °C, and, in late-maturating varieties, prevented by a prolonged autumn period with temperatures below 15 °C. Long-term growth in protein content is due to both climatic change and genetic improvement of varieties.
Optimizing early successional habitat to support biodiversity in the Acadian forest region

Early successional forest area a critical habitat for many forest species. They are a natural part of forest ecosystems resulting from disturbances like wind storms and fires. Unique early successional forest features like dense, low vegetation and high fruit production attract a variety of generalist and early successional specialist species. Particularly, many bird species nest and feed in these habitat types. Early successional forest habitats are slowly declining throughout the province of Prince Edward Island largely due to the reforestation of agricultural lands. Due to this decline in available habitat, some species dependant on early successional forest are now of concern. To address this problem, a review of literature was conducted to inform management recommendations on how to best create and maintain early successional habitat to support the wildlife that relies on it for the Macphail Woods Ecological Forestry Project, which manages 2000 acres of public land.
Observed Atlantification of the Barents Sea Causes the Polar Front to Limit the Expansion of Winter Sea Ice

Barents Sea Water (BSW) is formed from Atlantic Water that is cooled through atmospheric heat loss and freshened through seasonal sea ice melt. In the eastern Barents Sea, the BSW and fresher, colder Arctic Water meet at the surface along the Polar Front (PF). Despite its importance in setting the northern limit of BSW ventilation, the PF has been poorly documented, mostly eluding detection by observational surveys that avoid seasonal sea ice. In this study, satellite sea surface temperature (SST) observations are used in addition to a temperature and salinity climatology to examine the location and structure of the PF and characterize its variability over the period 1985–2016. It is shown that the PF is independent of the position of the sea ice edge and is a shelf slope current constrained by potential vorticity. The main driver of interannual variability in SST is the variability of the Atlantic Water temperature, which has significantly increased since 2005. The SST gradient associated with the PF has also increased after 2005, preventing sea ice from extending south of the front during winter in recent years. The disappearance of fresh, seasonal sea ice melt south of the PF has led to a significant increase in BSW salinity and density. As BSW forms the majority of Arctic Intermediate Water, changes to BSW properties may have far-reaching impacts for Arctic Ocean circulation and climate.