Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Colony-stimulating factor-i expression in the human fetus and newborn

Colony-stimulating factor-i (CSF-i) is a hematopoietic growth factor that regulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes. Because this cellular compartment undergoes major changes during fetal and neonatal life, we examined concurrent CSFi expression durbig human development. While levels increased dramatically after full-term birth, CSFi concentrations steadily declined in the preterm circulation from 2.7 to i . 9 times adult values as gestational age increased. CSF-i was already detectable at iO weeks gestation in spleen, intestine, lung, kidney, heart, and liver in order of decreasing concentration, but a positive correlation with gestational age was seen only in lung and intestine. Although a 4.4-kb CSF-i mRNA was detectable in all tissues at all gestational ages, increased expression with advancing gestational age was observed in lung and kidney, whereas a rise and fall was observed in spleen. We conclude that CSF-i concentration in the human circulation is developmentally regulated and that its expression in fetal tissues is compatible with its role in regulating the development of tissue mononuclear phagocytes. J. Leukoc. Biol. 58: 432-437; i995.
Repetitive occurrence of explosive events at a coronal hole boundary

SUMER/SoHO data taken at a coronal hole boundary show a repetitive explosive event occurrence rate of around 3 min increasing to over 5 min towards the end of the activity. We suggest that the neighbouring oppositely directed closed and open field lines at the coronal hole boundary undergo repetitive reconnection seen as a sequence of explosive events. The repetitive reconnection may be triggered by transverse oscillations of the flux tubes in the closed field line region. These oscillations periodically separate and bring together the closed and open field lines on the two sides of the coronal hole boundary. An important indicator favouring the interpretation in terms of a kink mode is the observed increase in the oscillation period.
Distributed modelling of big dynamic data with generalized linear models

The big data, characterized by high volume, velocity and variety, often arise in a dynamic way, requiring fast online processing. This contribution proposes a new information-theoretic method for parallel dynamic statistical modelling of such data with a network of (potentially cooperating) processing units and an optional fusion center. The concept strongly exploits the principles of the Bayesian information processing, allowing its abstract formulation for arbitrary distributions. As a particular case, we specialize to the popular exponential family posterior distributions, arising either directly or indirectly from modelling with generalized linear models. Still, the applicability is considerably wider.
Ground deformation associated with the March 1996 earthquake swarm at Akutan volcano, Alaska, revealed by satellite radar interferometry

In March 1996 an intense swarm of volcano-tectonic earthquakes (∼3000 felt by local residents, Mmax = 5.1, cumulative moment of 2.7×1018 N m) beneath Akutan Island in the Aleutian volcanic arc, Alaska, produced extensive ground cracks but no eruption of Akutan volcano. Synthetic aperture radar interferograms that span the time of the swarm reveal complex island-wide deformation: the western part of the island including Akutan volcano moved upward, while the eastern part moved downward. The axis of the deformation approximately aligns with new ground cracks on the western part of the island and with Holocene normal faults that were reactivated during the swarm on the eastern part of the island. The axis is also roughly parallel to the direction of greatest compressional stress in the region. No ground movements greater than 2.83 cm were observed outside the volcano's summit caldera for periods of 4 years before or 2 years after the swarm. We modeled the deformation primarily as the emplacement of a shallow, east–west trending, north dipping dike plus inflation of a deep, Mogi-type magma body beneath the volcano. The pattern of subsidence on the eastern part of the island is poorly constrained. It might have been produced by extensional tectonic strain that both reactivated preexisting faults on the eastern part of the island and facilitated magma movement beneath the western part. Alternatively, magma intrusion beneath the volcano might have been the cause of extension and subsidence in the eastern part of the island. We attribute localized subsidence in an area of active fumaroles within the Akutan caldera, by as much as 10 cm during 1992–1993 and 1996–1998, to fluid withdrawal or depressurization of the shallow hydrothermal system.
Compactifying sufficiently regular covering spaces of compact 3-manifolds

In this paper it is proven that if the group of covering translations of the covering space of a compact, connected, $P^2$-irreducible 3-manifold corresponding to a non-trivial, finitely-generated subgroup of its fundamental group is infinite, then either the covering space is almost compact or the subgroup is infinite cyclic and has normalizer a non-finitely-generated subgroup of the rational numbers. In the first case additional information is obtained which is then used to relate Thurston's hyperbolization and virtual bundle conjectures to some algebraic conjectures about certain 3-manifold groups.
Leveraging Robust Service Evaluation by Introducing the Web of Trust

Selecting high quality services from available ones plays an important role in services composition. Trust and reputation mechanisms offer a promising way to solve the services selection problem. Current researches on this topic focus on gathering, storing and aggregating feedbacks which can be execution data by monitoring services or consumer ratings. However, besides the feedback itself, the reliability of feedbacks should be considered equally crucial. In this paper, different from previous work, we draw our attention to find trusted feedback submitters who are more likely to give reliable feedbacks. We proposed a service evaluation framework where a "Web of Trust" is built and maintained. Moreover, we presented a Kalman Filter based algorithm to reveal the trusted feedback submitters. The presented work in this paper aims to supplement the service evaluation and ultimately facilitate the services selection process. We validated our approach by both simulated and real-world evaluations.
Pathfinding architectures for interdomain Bandwidth Broker operation

This paper deals with bandwidth brokers and their inter-domain operation. The basic issues for inter-domain operation are discussed and we try to approach the most demanding issues as the selection of the best inter domain routing path (pathfinding). Generally, we discuss two models for inter domain routing through bandwidth broker, analyzing their advantages and comparing them. Also, we simulated the second one (generalized distributed pathfinding) trying to evaluate its performance. Finally, we discuss the simulation's results and present how this model should be incorporated in normal operation routing of commercial ISPs or academic networks that works on a federated way
The video explorer: a tool for navigation and searching within a single video based on fast content analysis

We propose a video browsing tool supporting new efficient navigation means and content-based search within a single video, allowing for interactive exploration and playback of video content. The user interface provides flexible navigation indices by visualizing low-level features and frame surrogates along one or more timelines, called interactive navigation summaries. By applying simple and fast content analysis, navigation summary computation becomes feasible during browsing, enabling addition, removal, and update of navigation summaries at runtime. Semantically similar video segments will be visualized by similar patterns in certain navigation summaries, which enables users to quickly recognize and navigate to potential similar segments. Moreover, free-shape regions of video frames or video segments within navigation summaries can be selected by the user to launch a fast content-based search to find frames with similar regions or segments with similar navigation summaries.
Crafting a Calling

Despite the emerging interest in the job crafting construct, researchers know little about its dimensions and their potential benefits for organizations. In a quantitative investigation, using a self-report questionnaire among a group of 189 Portuguese nurses and nursing assistants, we analyze how job crafting can be strongly related to workers’ sense of calling and turnover intention. The results indicate that sense of calling totally mediated the negative relation between the increase in challenging job demands and turnover intention. Although traditional assumption is that a sense of calling leads workers to craft their jobs, we theorize about the potential reverse path, given that our results support the possibility that sense of calling may be triggered when workers increase their own challenging job demands. We recommend further research to provide additional insight into job crafting formation mechanism.
K-Model - Structured Design of Configuration Models

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the novel knowledge acquisition methodology K-Model. We describe the methodology itself and how it was applied within a project for creating a prototype configuration application at J. Schmalz GmbH. K-Model is supporting both the formalism of designing configuration models on a conceptual level as well as the method to actually implement these models. Based on the experience that configuration knowledge is tacit and distributed within the heads of several product experts', the methodology is focusing on cross-department communication about future goals of the configuration application. The visualization facilities of standard mind maps help them to achieve a common agreement and to focus on the product domain rather than on knowledge representation formalisms. The methodology was successfully used in the project to set up a configuration prototype for complex products in the area of vacuum technology.
The FINS framework: an open source userspace networking subsystem for linux

This article provides an overview of the Flexible InterNetworking Stack (FINS) Framework, an open source userspace networking subsystem for Linux. The goal of the FINS Framework is to facilitate experimentation in wireless networking research by simplifying the tasks of implementing, deploying, and testing networking protocols and ideas. This is accomplished by moving networking functionality into userspace to avoid numerous challenges associated with implementing ideas in the Linux kernel. In addition to simplifying coding, the framework is designed to run on Android mobile devices to enable truly mobile wireless networking experiments. Details of the framework's architecture and implementation are included, as well as baseline performance results.
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AND GROUP PROCESSES Similarity, Convergence, and Relationship Satisfaction in Dating and Married Couples

The current work investigates how personality and interpersonal processes combine to predict change in relationship quality. Measures of personality and emotion similarity were collected during laboratory interactions from a cross-sectional sample of dating couples (Study 1) and a 1-year longitudinal study of newlywed married couples (Study 2). Results showed that emotion similarity mediated the association between personality similarity and relationship quality (Studies 1 and 2) and that emotion convergence mediated the association between personality convergence and relationship satisfaction (Study 2). These results indicate that similarity and convergence in personality may benefit relationships by promoting similarity and convergence in partners’ shared emotional experiences. Findings also lend support to models that integrate partners’ enduring traits and couples’ adaptive processes as antecedents of relationship outcomes.
n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Mechanisms to Mitigate Inflammatory Paracrine Signaling in Obesity-Associated Breast Cancer

Globally, the prevalence of obesity is increasing which subsequently increases the risk of the development of obesity-related chronic diseases. Low-grade chronic inflammation and dysregulated adipose tissue inflammatory mediator/adipokine secretion are well-established in obesity, and these factors increase the risk of developing inflammation-associated cancer. Breast cancer is of particular interest given that increased inflammation within the subcutaneous mammary adipose tissue depot can alter the local tissue inflammatory microenvironment such that it resembles that of obese visceral adipose tissue. Therefore, in obese women with breast cancer, increased inflammatory mediators both locally and systemically can perpetuate inflammation-associated pro-carcinogenic signaling pathways, thereby increasing disease severity. Herein, we discuss some of these inflammation-associated pro-carcinogenic mechanisms of the combined obese breast cancer phenotype and offer evidence that dietary long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may have utility in mitigating the severity of obesity-associated inflammation and breast cancer.
Combining Multiple Input Modalities for Virtual Reality Navigation -- A User study

This usability study aims at evaluating in which way different groups of users deal with a multimodal interface for navigating in arbitrary virtual worlds. Besides classical input devices like keyboard, mouse and touchscreen the test subjects can control the system by natural speech utterances as well as dynamic hand and head gestures. Experts tend to use haptic devices, whereas normal computer users and beginners prefer combinations of advanced input devices. As an overall result, the multimodal interface was rated very intuitive since users are not forced to use predefined interaction styles, but can freely choose among multiple input devices, instead.
Care of the Patient with Accommodative and Vergence Dysfunction OPTOMETRIC

Optometrists provide more than two-thirds of the primary eye care services in the United States. They are more widely distributed geographically than other eye care providers and are readily accessible for the delivery of eye and vision care services. There are approximately 32,000 full-time equivalent doctors of optometry currently in practice in the United States. Optometrists practice in more than 7,000 communities across the United States, serving as the sole primary eye care provider in more than 4,300 communities.
Temporal and Real-Time Databases: A Survey

A temporal database contains time-varying data. In a real-time database transactions have deadlines or timing constraints. In this paper we review the substantial research in these two previously separate areas. First we characterize the time domain; then we investigate temporal and real-time data models. We evaluate temporal and real-time query languages along several dimensions. We examine temporal and real-time DBMS implementation. Finally, we summarize major research accomplishments to date and list several unanswered research questions. >
Protein folded states are kinetic hubs

Understanding molecular kinetics, and particularly protein folding, is a classic grand challenge in molecular biophysics. Network models, such as Markov state models (MSMs), are one potential solution to this problem. MSMs have recently yielded quantitative agreement with experimentally derived structures and folding rates for specific systems, leaving them positioned to potentially provide a deeper understanding of molecular kinetics that can lead to experimentally testable hypotheses. Here we use existing MSMs for the villin headpiece and NTL9, which were constructed from atomistic simulations, to accomplish this goal. In addition, we provide simpler, humanly comprehensible networks that capture the essence of molecular kinetics and reproduce qualitative phenomena like the apparent two-state folding often seen in experiments. Together, these models show that protein dynamics are dominated by stochastic jumps between numerous metastable states and that proteins have heterogeneous unfolded states (many unfolded basins that interconvert more rapidly with the native state than with one another) yet often still appear two-state. Most importantly, we find that protein native states are hubs that can be reached quickly from any other state. However, metastability and a web of nonnative states slow the average folding rate. Experimental tests for these findings and their implications for other fields, like protein design, are also discussed.
2 Schelling's Model for Segregation

One of the first models studied explicitly in this context was Schelling’s model for segregation [3]. Schelling was motivated by the question: why is it that most neighborhoods are very uniform (racially, and in other respects), even though most people profess that they would prefer to live in a diverse community? Schelling proposed the following model: Assume that roughly n 2 2 individuals live on an n× n grid. Each node wants to make sure to not be completely isolated (the odd person in a community): formally, if less than an ε fraction of v’s neighbors (in a small ball around v) are of the same color, v is unhappy and moves to a spot where it is not unhappy (say, the closest, or a random, such spot). What Schelling observed was that even with a relatively small value of ε ≈ 13 , neighborhoods end up mostly segregated: when the process quiesces, about 45 of each node’s neighbors are of the same color as the node itself. While this result has been verified experimentally, it appears that no result formally proves this observation as of yet. It is also not known how the result relates with the topology of the neighborhood graph.
Real-time pitch tracking based on combined SMDSF

This paper presents a novel pitch tracking method in the time domain. Based on the difference function as used in YIN referred to as the sum magnitude difference square function (SMDSF) thereinafter -- we propose two modified types of SMDSFs, with several methods presented to calculate these SMDSFs efficiently and without bias by using the FFT algorithm. In pitch estimation, every type of SMDSF has its own estimation error characteristics. By analyzing these characteristics, we define a new function which combines the foresaid two types of SMDSFs to prevent estimation errors. A new, relatively accurate, and real-time pitch tracking algorithm is then proposed which does not need any extra preprocessing and post-processing. Experimental results show that this proposed algorithm can achieve remarkably good performance for pitch tracking.
Volatile fatty acids in the digestive tract of the fowl

1. Examination of the digesta from all regions of the avian digestive tract showed that volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were present in greatest concentration in the caeca and that they comprised mainly acetic, propionic and butyric acids. 2. All droppings contained VFAs but they were present in highest concentration in those of caecal origin. Caecectomy was followed by a marked reduction in the total output of VFAs. 3. Birds 14–20 weeks of age had similar concentrations of VFAs along the tract and similar numbers and distribution of micro-organisms. 4. Portal blood contained all the VFAs found in the digestive tract whilst peripheral blood contained only acetic and formic acids. 5. The almost complete absence of VFAs from the tract contents of germ-free birds showed that the VFAs normally present in the tract were of microbial origin. 6. The presence of similar levels of acetate in the peripheral blood of conventional and germfree birds indicated that circulating acetate was mainly of endogenous and not microbial origin. 7. The significance of VFAs as an energy source is discussed.
Aldosterone-mediated apical targeting of ENaC subunits is blunted in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a significant polyuria and natriuesis as well as increased plasma aldosterone and anti-diuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP). This study aimed to determine whether diabetic kidneys compensate for the urinary sodium and water losses by increasing apical targeting of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) subunits and aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in the collecting duct, in addition to the previously observed changes in ENaC subunit protein expression in different kidney zones. METHODS Female rats were investigated 2 weeks after induction of DM by streptozotocin administration. Kidneys were examined by immunohistochemisty and semiquantitative immunoblotting. RESULTS We demonstrated that the protein expression of renal AQP2, Ser-256 phosphorylated AQP2, AQP3, beta- and gamma-ENaC (but not alpha-ENaC) increased consistently with an increased AVP response. In contrast, there were no significant changes in the relative apical targeting of beta-, gamma- and alpha-ENaC, and the shift in the molecular weight of gamma-ENaC from 85 kDa to 70 kDa was not observed despite increased plasma aldosterone levels. These results were supported by changes in the functional data showing increased solute-free water reabsorption, increased fractional excretion of sodium and an unchanged ratio of potassium to sodium in the urine. CONCLUSIONS The data demonstrate that diabetic kidneys have a reduced sensitivity to the anti-natriuretic action of elevated plasma aldosterone levels with no relative increase in ENaC subunit apical targeting, whereas there is increased expression of beta- and gamma-ENaC, which alone may play a role in the increased sodium reabsorption in the kidney in DM.
Optimization of 2×2 MZI electro-optic switch and its application as logic gate

Electro-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) switches are well known devices in optical systems for their high speed of operation. In next generation optical network, such switches have wide applications due to their high switching capability and great reliability. In this paper we have investigated the enhanced performance of an electro-optic switch made by titanium diffused lithium niobate (Ti:LiNbO3) functioned as waveguide medium based on integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) at 1.55 μm wavelength. The performance of the switch is optimized for low switching voltage, low insertion loss, high extinction ratio. This is done by varying the strip thickness of titanium, interferometer arm length, arm gap, waveguide width, gap in the coupling region of the 3 dB couplers, and center position of second electrode deposited on integrated Mach-zehnder Interferometer arm with respect to the original axis of the switch. The designed switch gives lowest insertion loss of 0.00881dB and highest extinction ratio of 33.581 dB at 8.8 V.