Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Which strain of the avian coronavirus vaccine will become the prevalent one in China next?

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a vital pathogen in poultry farms, which can induce respiratory, nephropathogenic, oviduct, proventriculus, and intestinal diseases. Based on the phylogenetic classification of the full-length S1 gene, IBV isolates have been categorized into nine genotypes comprising 38 lineages. GI (GI-1, GI-2, GI-3, GI-4, GI-5, GI-6, GI-7, GI-13, GI-16, GI-18, GI-19, GI-22, GI-28, and GI-29), GVI-1 and GVII-1 have been reported in China in the past 60 years. In this review, a brief history of IBV in China is described, and the current epidemic strains and licensed IBV vaccine strains, as well as IBV prevention and control strategies, are highlighted. In addition, this article presents unique viewpoints and recommendations for a more effective management of IBV. The recombinant Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) vector vaccine expressed S gene of IBV QX-like and 4/91 strains may be the dominant vaccine strains against NDV and IBV.
Test engagement and rapid guessing: Evidence from a large-scale state assessment

A recent increase in studies related to testing behavior reignited the decades long conversation regarding score validity from assessments that have minimal stakes for students but which may have high stakes for schools or educational systems as a whole. Using data from a large-scale state assessment (with over 80 thousand students per grade), we examined rapid-guessing behavior via normative threshold (NT) approaches. We found that the response time effort (RTE) was 0.991 and 0.980 in grade 3 and grade 8, respectively, based on the maximum threshold of 10% (NT10). Similar rates were found based on methods that used 20 and 30%. Percentages of RTEs below 0.90, which indicated meaningful disengagement, were smaller in grade 3 than grade 8 in all normative threshold approaches. Overall, our results suggested that students had high levels of engagement on the assessment, although descriptive differences were found across various demographic subgroups.
Personality traits as risk factors for relapse or recurrence in major depression: a systematic review

Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly recurrent. Identifying risk factors for relapse in depression is essential to improve prevention plans and therapeutic outcomes. Personality traits and personality disorders are widely considered to impact outcomes in MDD. We aimed to evaluate the role of personality aspects in the risk of relapse and recurrence in MDD. Method A PROSPERO-registered systematic review was conducted using Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL as data sources, together with hand searching of four journals over the five years till 2022. There was independent abstract selection, quality assessment and data extraction from each study. Results Twenty two studies me t eligibility criteria involving 12,393 participants. Neurotic personality features are significantly associated with the risk of relapse and recurrence of depression, though the data is not uniform. There is some, though limited, evidence that borderline, obsessive-compulsive and dependent personality traits or disorders increase the risk for relapse in depression. Limitations The small number, in addition to the methodological heterogeneity of the included studies, did not allow further analysis, such as meta-analysis. Conclusion People with high neuroticism and dependent personality traits, borderline personality disorder or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, compared to those without, may be at a higher risk of experiencing relapse or recurrence of MDD. Specific and targeted interventions may potentially reduce relapse and recurrence rates in these groups and could improve outcomes. Systematic review registration https://www.crd. york.ac. uk/prospero/display_record. php? RecordID=235919, identifier: CRD42021235919.
Case report: Use of three-dimensional technology in criss-cross heart with double outlet right ventricle

Background In this case report, we utilized a three-dimensional printing model to replicate the complex anatomy of a criss-cross heart with double outlet right ventricle—an extremely rare congenital cardiac abnormality. This approach facilitated our understanding of the patient's unique condition and enabled us to plan the surgical procedure with greater precision. Case presentation Our department received a 13-year-old female patient who presented with a pronounced heart murmur and a decrease in exercise capacity. Subsequent two-dimensional imaging revealed the presence of a criss-cross heart with double outlet right ventricle—an intricate and uncommon cardiac malformation that poses challenges for accurate visualization through conventional two-dimensional modalities. To address this challenge, we constructed and printed a three-dimensional model using computed tomography data, which enabled us to visualize and understand the complex intracardiac structures and plan surgical interventions with greater precision. Using this approach, we successfully performed a right ventricular double outlet repair, and the patient made a full recovery following the procedure. Conclusion The criss-cross heart with double outlet right ventricle constitutes a complex and uncommon cardiac anomaly that poses considerable challenges in terms of diagnosis and surgical intervention. Employing three-dimensional modeling and printing represents a promising approach, given its potential to enhance the precision and comprehensiveness of the anatomical evaluation of the heart. As a result, this method holds significant promise in facilitating accurate diagnosis, meticulous surgical planning, and ultimately improving clinical outcomes for patients affected by this condition.
Risk factors for pulmonary cement embolism after percutaneous vertebroplasty and radiofrequency ablation for spinal metastases

Objective Pulmonary cement embolism is a rare but underestimated complication of vertebroplasty due to the relative lack of study and examination. This study aims to investigate the incidence of pulmonary cement embolism in patients with spinal metastasis who undergo PVP with RFA and to analyze the relative risk factors. Methods A total of 47 patients were retrospectively included and classified into pulmonary cement embolism (PCE) group and non-pulmonary cement embolism (NPCE) group by comparing pre- and postoperative pulmonary CT scan images. The demographic and clinical information of the patients was obtained. Demographic data in the two groups were compared using the chi-square test for qualitative data and the unpaired t test for quantitative data. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors related to pulmonary cement embolism. Results Pulmonary cement embolism was detected in 11 patients (23.4%), and all patients were asymptomatic and followed up regularly. Risk analysis showed that multiple segments (≥3, p=0.022), thoracic vertebrae (p=0.0008), and unipedicular puncture approach (p=0.0059) were risk factors for pulmonary cement embolism. There was a high incidence of pulmonary cement embolism if bone cement leaked into the para vertebral venous plexus in the thoracic vertebra (p<0.0001). Vein leakage of cement was related to the integrity of the vertebral cortex. Conclusion The number of involved vertebrae, lesion location, and puncture approach are independent risk factors for pulmonary cement embolism. There was a high incidence of pulmonary cement embolism if bone cement leaked into the para vertebral venous plexus in the thoracic vertebra. Surgeons should consider these factors when formulating therapeutic strategies.
Hemispherical lens integrated room temperature ultra-broadband GaAs HEMT terahertz detector

Terahertz (THz) detection has been extensively studied in the application fields of wireless communication, non-destructive imaging and spectrum inspection, etc., in the decades. Here, we report that a self-mixing terahertz detector based on hemispherical silicon lens and antenna-coupled InGaAs/AlGaAs high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) enables wide spectrum detection, and improves detection performances. In this device configuration, the optimal log-periodic antenna is used to enhance light field in the channel, the double-gate could further adjust the carrier concentration, and the hemispheric silicon lens can concentrate the terahertz radiation in the center of the hemisphere to effectively improve the terahertz wave collection efficiency, which could improve the sensitivity of the detector. The broadband Terahertz responsivity and noise equivalent power (NEP) of the detector are characterized at the range from 0.07 to 0.82 THz at room temperature. A peak responsivity of 2 kV/W and a minimum optical noise equivalent power of 59 pW/Hz1/2 at 0.8 THz without any external field, are reached from two-terminal configuration at 0.8 THz. The minimum optical NEP of the device can be reduced to 30 pW/Hz1/2 by applying a gate voltage, realizing scanning imaging demonstration.
Topological abnormality of structural covariance network in MRI-negative frontal lobe epilepsy

Background Frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) is the second most common type of focal epilepsy, however, imaging studies of FLE have been far less than Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and the structural findings were not consistent in previous literature. Object Investigate the changes in cortical thickness in patients with FLE and the alteration of the structural covariance networks (SCNs) of cortical thickness with graph-theory. Method Thirty patients with FLE (18 males/12 females; 28.33 ± 11.81 years) and 27 demographically matched controls (15 males/12 females; 29.22 ± 9.73 years) were included in this study with high-resolution structural brain MRI scans. The cortical thickness was calculated, and structural covariance network (SCN) of cortical thickness were reconstructed using 68 × 68 matrix and analyzed with graph-theory approach. Result Cortical thickness was not significantly different between two groups, but path length and node betweenness were significantly increased in patients with FLE, and the regional network alterations were significantly changed in right precentral gyrus and right temporal pole (FDR corrected, p < 0.05). Comparing to HC group, network hubs were decreased and shifted away from frontal lobe. Conclusion The topological properties of cortical thickness covariance network were significantly altered in patients with FLE, even without obvious surface-based morphological damage. Graph-theory based SCN analysis may provide sensitive neuroanatomical biomarkers for FLE.
Shared book reading as a context for language intervention for children with Down syndrome: a mini-review

Acquiring language and communication skills is one of the biggest challenges for children with Down syndrome (DS). However, few evidence-based interventions exist to enhance the development of language and communication in this population. Shared book reading (SBR) is well-established as an effective intervention for language and communication development of typically developing children, and evidence of the possible effectiveness of this approach for those at risk of language difficulties is emerging. This paper provides a mini-review of the existing evidence for SBR in relation to language and communication outcomes for young children with DS. A systematic literature search was conducted with the following inclusion criteria: children with DS aged 0–6;11 years, SBR, language or communication outcomes. The results show that interventions which incorporate SBR strategies are associated with improved language and communication outcomes for young children with DS, improved parental sensitivity, and continuing implementation of SBR strategies following intervention instruction. However, evidence is limited in scope, of low quality, including mostly single case studies, with only one study having a control group. We conclude that although SBR may hold promise as a possible intervention, further research is essential to establish what specific components of SBR intervention are most effective for young children with DS and what further adaptations are needed to accommodate the cognitive profile and variability within this population.
Design of miniaturized single and dual-band bandpass filters using diamond-shaped coupled line resonator for next-generation wireless systems

Abstract This paper presents a multi-mode resonator (MMR) for next-generation wireless systems that achieves single and dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) responses using a split-ring dual-path structure. The proposed BPF design is realized by employing two pairs of parallel couple lines and two symmetrical step-impedance open-circuited stubs (SIOCS). SIOCS are used to improve selectivity and increase the number of transmission zeros/poles. The proposed single-band BPF exhibits an ultra-wideband (UWB) response having a center frequency of 7.5 GHz, a minimum insertion loss of less than 0.48 dB, and a maximum return loss of 25.35 dB. The proposed UWB BPF has a stopband suppression of 39.34 dB up to 18 GHz and a 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 48.23%. Moreover, a dual-band BPF has been accomplished by utilizing the same architecture while slightly changing the MMR structure and adding more coupling. The center frequency (bandwidth) of the dual broadband BPF is 7.40 GHz (2.40 GHz) and 14.15 GHz (1.7 GHz), respectively. The measured minimum insertion loss is less than 0.23 dB and a return loss of less than 16.8 dB with 3 dB FBWs of 32.4 and 12.1%. Finally, two prototypes are fabricated to validate the proposed characteristics. The BPF's simulated and measured results are in good agreement.
Analysis of vortex shedding in a various body shapes

The study of various bluff body shapes is important in order to identify the suitable shape of bluff body that can be used for vortex flow meter applications. Numerical simulations of bluff body shapes such as circular, rectangular and equilateral triangular have been carried out to understand the phenomenon of vortex shedding. The simulation applied
Simple, XOR based, Image Edge Detection Study on Black and White / Grayscale Synthetic Images

In this paper a simple, XOR based, approach to image edge detection is proposed, hereafter referred to as SXOR. From the well known fact that, generally, in plain-images, any arbitrarily chosen pixels are strongly correlated with their adjacent ones (regardless of spatial orientation, i.e. either if they are diagonally, vertically or horizontally oriented); the bitwise XOR logical operator is applied between all pixels, on image's successive pairs of rows and columns; thus, featuring existing differences (i.e. in between the pairs) and implicitly, all edges within the image. Conducted experimental results demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach (e.g. it reduces the amount of data and filters out useless information, while preserving the most important structural properties of the image) and its effectiveness, relative to several other operators.
Modeling dependencies in multivariate data

In multivariate regression, researchers are interested in modeling a correlated multivariate response variable as a function of covariates. The response of interest can be multidimensional; the correlation between the elements of the multivariate response can be very complex. In many applications, the association between the elements of the multivariate response is typically treated as a nuisance parameter. The focus is on estimating efficiently the regression coefficients, in order to study the average change in the mean response as a function of predictors. However, in many cases, the estimation of the covariance and, where applicable, the temporal dynamics of the multidimensional response is the main interest, such as the case in finance, for example. Moreover, the correct specification of the covariance matrix is important for the efficient estimation of the regression coefficients. These complex models usually involve some parameters that are static and some dynamic. Until recently, the simultaneous estimation of dynamic and static parameters in the same model has been difficult. The introduction of particle MCMC algorithms by Andrieu and Doucet (2002) has allowed for the possibility of considering such models. In this thesis, we propose a general framework for jointly estimating the covariance matrix of multivariate data as well as the regression coefficients. This is done under different settings, for different dimensions and measurement scales.
Ordering of oxygen vacancies and excess charge localization in bulk ceria: A DFT +U study

The importance of ceria (${\mathrm{CeO}}_{2}$) in many applications originates from the ease of oxygen vacancy formation and healing. The ordering of vacancies and the whereabouts of the excess charge in bulk ${\mathrm{CeO}}_{2}$ are of no less significance than at ceria surfaces, but they have not received the same attention. In this work, the formation of neutral oxygen vacancies in bulk ${\mathrm{CeO}}_{2}$ is investigated using density-functional theory (DFT) in the $\mathrm{DFT}+U$ ($U$ is an effective onsite Coulomb interaction parameter) approach for a broad range of vacancy concentrations $\ensuremath{\Theta}$ $(\frac{1}{64}\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\Theta}\ensuremath{\le}\frac{1}{4})$. We find that the excess charge prefers to be localized in cation sites such that the mean ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$ coordination number is maximized, and if nearest-neighbor cation sites are reduced, they rather be nonuniformly distributed. Furthermore, we show that a vacancy repels other vacancies from its nearest-neighbor shell and that the [110] and [111] directions are possible directions for clustering of second- and third-neighbor vacancies, respectively. Vacancies prefer not to share cations. The results are discussed in a simple physical picture which enables the separation of the different contributions to the averaged vacancy formation energy. We also consider cells with fluorite structure and same stoichiometries as in existing bulk phases, i.e., ${\mathrm{Ce}}_{11}{\mathrm{O}}_{20}$ ($\ensuremath{\Theta}=\frac{1}{11}$), ${\mathrm{Ce}}_{7}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ ($\ensuremath{\Theta}=\frac{1}{7}$), and ${\mathrm{Ce}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ ($\ensuremath{\Theta}=\frac{1}{4}$), as well as the corresponding real structures. We find that the vacancy ordering and the location of the excess electrons are consistent with the results for single-phase reduced ${\mathrm{CeO}}_{2}$, but the ${\mathrm{Ce}}_{11}{\mathrm{O}}_{20}$, ${\mathrm{Ce}}_{7}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$, and ${\mathrm{Ce}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ structures are substantially more stable. The stability of these phases as a function of pressure and temperature is discussed. Vacancy-induced lattice relaxation effects are crucial for the interpretation of the results.
Aircraft wake vortex decay in ground proximity - Physical mechanisms and Artificial Enhancement

Aircraft wake-vortex evolution in ground proximity is investigated numerically by means of large-eddy simulations. The simulations are performed either with a flat ground or with different modifications to the ground surface to trigger rapid vortex decay. The impact of environmental turbulence in terms of turbulent wind is taken into account, where wall-resolved and wall-modeled large-eddy simulation are performed for low- and high-Reynolds-number cases, respectively. To understand wake-vortex decay mechanisms in ground proximity, the interaction of primary and secondary vortices is carefully investigated. We find that vortex decay can be initiated at an earlier time and substantially accelerated with obstacles at the ground. We explain the fundamental vortex dynamics describing five characteristics of the phenomenon and quantify the decay. We demonstrate that similar effects can be achieved, employing relatively small plate lines as opposed to the original large block-shaped barriers. The obstacles trigg.
Artificial immune algorithm and its applications

In order to solve ill-posed constrained optimization efficiently, an artificial immune algorithm (AIA) imitating biological immune systems and its approach were presented; several artificial immune operators producing new antibodies were constituted, and the global convergence of the algorithm was studied. AIA succeeds to the mechanism of the survival of the fittest, but the methods producing new antibodies are more varied than ones producing new individuals in genetic algorithm (GA). If the best of all antibodies is made sure into next antibody colony as selecting antibodies, AIA is global convergent. A simulation text of 100-city TSP was done with AIA, and its computational process is compared with that of genetic algorithm. The results show that AIA is more efficient than GA in global optimization and computational process of AIA is faster than that of GA.
Coding Betweenness in Swedish and Norwegian Translations from English

Cet article examine de quelle facon la notion semantique de betweenness est codee dans les traductions suedoises et norvegiennes de textes sources anglais. L’etude a pour assise que les expressions originales de betweenness fondees sur la preposition between constituent un tertium comparationis viable pour la traduction de cette forme en suedois et en norvegien. Nous classifions d’abord les occurrences de between reperees dans les textes sources anglais du English-Swedish Parallel Corpus (ESPC) et du English-Norwegian Parallel Corpus (ENPC) en fonction du role semantique des reperes dans les predicats, puis nous analysons les traductions. L’article ce concentre sur les paralleles etablis entre les deux ensembles de traductions etudiees, et non sur les correspondances entre l’original anglais et les traductions en suedois et en norvegien. Pour ce faire, nous comparons les facons de traduire, en suedois et en norvegien, les differentes significations de between reperees dans les donnees sources. L’analyse demontre que le suedois et le norvegien se ressemblent dans la facon de coder les divers sens de between. La derniere partie de l’etude presente un point de vue complementaire fonde sur la comparaison du nombre d’occurrences des equivalents les plus communs de between, soit mellan en suedois et mellom en norvegien, dans des contextes ou ces termes ne sont pas employes pour traduire between dans les textes sources anglais. Cette approche revele que meme lorsque between n’est pas present dans les textes originaux, les traducteurs emploient les prepositions apparentees dans plus de 25 % des cas.