Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Access Optimisation Tools in Underground Mine Design

Optimisation tools which determine the best layout for access and haulage in an underground mine address an important and difficult mine design problem. The complexity of the problem can be compared to the task of optimising the final pit design in an open pit, together with the pit haul roads required. The strategic design of an underground mine layout must address the location of haulage shafts, decline access, ventilation infrastructure, level development within the stopes, and stope access. By calculating optimal layouts corresponding to a range of cut-off grades, the economic viability of the various mining areas can be assessed, and the results may be a significant factor in maximising the net present value of the mine. At the University of Melbourne, two software tools have been developed to address this problem: the Planar Underground Network Optimiser (PUNO) and the Decline Optimisation Tool (DOT). PUNO minimises the total production costs associated with the level layout within an orebody, using the theory of weighted Steiner networks. DOT optimises the haulage decline (or declines) under a reasonably comprehensive set of constraints, including turning circle, gradient and the avoidance of “no-go” regions. Both PUNO and DOT minimise total cost of development and haulage. This paper discusses the use of such tools as part of the mine planning process, and the methods underlying them. The tools have been applied in a number of industry case-studies. The long-term aim is to integrate the access design with other design tasks, such as stope optimisation, mine scheduling and strategic options evaluation.
Improvement of Real-Time Job Completion Using Residual Time-Based (RTB) Scheduling

AbstractRealtime multi-process scheduling is commonly used in many control situations, where it is important to achieve job completions within specific time intervals. This paper investigates the potential improvement that might be achieved when additional information (notably the residual computing time of each process) is used in the scheduling process. First, a simulation study was completed in order to demonstrate the potential benefit of the approach. The results, over many alternative job processing time distributions, clearly show a significant benefit. Second, by using a discrete distribution as a representation/approximation of each job’s distribution, a technique is developed to achieve similar beneficial results using a practical, and time cost efficient scheduler. The discrete distributions can be derived from the computation structures for each process. The results show that the approach can be effective in real time scheduling situations.
The reflex hypoxic respiratory drive in patients with chronic bronchitis.

1. The extent of the reflex hypoxic respiratory drive was investigated in a group of patients who were hypoxaemic because of chronic bronchitis. 2. Oxygen was substituted for the inspired air for periods of 1–2 min. This produced a rise in arterial P o 2 ( P a,o 2 ) which varied considerably from patient to patient, but in each case the rate of rise was effectively linear with time. The resulting fall in ventilation, measured over 15 s periods, was compared with the P a,o 2 achieved. 3. In most patients the P a,o 2 did not reach hyperoxic levels. The total contribution of their peripheral chemoreceptor reflexes to their resting ventilation could not therefore be measured. The fraction of the ventilation abolished when the P a,o 2 was corrected to near-normal levels was measured instead. In two patients whose P a,o 2 on air was 6·0 and 6·5 kPa (45 and 49 torr) this fraction was 25 and 27%. In three patients whose initial P a,o 2 was 8·0–8·8 kPa (60–66 torr), it was 18–21%. In three patients with an initial P a,o 2 of more than 9·3 kPa (70 torr), it was 5–16%. 4. Each of these patients therefore had a reflex hypoxic respiratory drive. In the more severely hypoxaemic patients the fraction measured was an important part of the overall efferent drive to the respiratory muscles.
Mining travel behaviors of tourists with mobile phone data: A case study in Hainan

As the mobile devices are used widely, it is possible to research human mobility and behaviors by using the increasing mobile phone data. This paper aims to mine travel behaviors of users in Hainan, a popular tourist destination in China. The data is Call Detail Records (CDR) and Point of Interest (POI) information. Specifically, a data processing platform is developed. It can convert the large scale of CDR and location-based data to trajectories by utilizing the cross-domain data. Furthermore, a hierarchical analytical method is built on our platform to identify the difference of tourists respectively in temporal and spatial dimensions. Finally, the most popular travel patterns and top 3 travel routes for short-term tourists in Sanya are discovered from the trajectories of tourists according to the platform.
Data Collect Requirements Model

In Big data era, managing data requires sufficient tools, last computer science evolution and developed methodologies. To be able to satisfy customer and the big need of information, multiple methods are developed to handle the complexity as well as the huge amount of data in different phases of data lifecycle. We notice for each complicated situation in data lifecycle we focus more particularly to develop storage or Analysis processes. For this reason in this paper, we try to have a different approach to resolve basic issues on targeting the first phase of data lifecycle, which is data collect. We present it as a System of systems, since the complexity of each phase of data lifecycle. In this research, we are interested by the collect system and particularly the process of Creation/Reception of data for which we model the requirements in order to manage smart data at the first level of the cycle. To build this model, we follow a methodology that required three major steps. Starting with requirement identification to defining criterion for each requirement, and in the last step will provide requirement modeling. This research highlight the importance of managing data collect to identify and restrict the issues of big data era.
Side-channel analysis of a high-throughput AES peripheral with countermeasures

We analyze the side-channel countermeasures implemented in a high-throughput AES peripheral of a commercially available microcontroller which is not dedicated to high security applications. We detect and classify the employed countermeasures and examine their effectiveness against first-order DPA attacks. We practically demonstrate, that all of the implemented countermeasures, which are common time-based hiding countermeasures, can easily be nullified with simple preprocessing methods. This is caused by the inherent properties of high-throughput designs (low number of cycles), which offers few choices for such countermeasures. Hence, we found that the effectively achieved side-channel protection is significantly lower than the theoretically expected one due to the way countermeasures are implemented and present ways to improve the effectiveness. We also reveal a design flaw in the implementation which allows timing-based attacks on the device.
iso-Petromyroxols: Novel Dihydroxylated Tetrahydrofuran Enantiomers from Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

An enantiomeric pair of new fatty acid-derived hydroxylated tetrahydrofurans, here named iso-petromyroxols, were isolated from sea lamprey larvae-conditioned water. The relative configuration of iso-petromyroxol was elucidated with 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. The ratio of enantiomers (er) in the natural sample was measured by chiral-HPLC-MS/MS to be ca. 3:1 of (–)- to (+)-antipodes.
Mutations in the Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor Gene (hRyR2) Underlie Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia

BackgroundCatecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is a genetic arrhythmogenic disorder characterized by stress-induced, bidirectional ventricular tachycardia that may degenerate into cardiac arrest and cause sudden death. The electrocardiographic pattern of this ventricular tachycardia closely resembles the arrhythmias associated with calcium overload and the delayed afterdepolarizations observed during digitalis toxicity. We speculated that a genetically determined abnormality of intracellular calcium handling might be the substrate of the disease; therefore, we considered the human cardiac ryanodine receptor gene (hRyR2) a likely candidate for this genetically transmitted arrhythmic disorder. Methods and ResultsTwelve patients presenting with typical catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in the absence of structural heart abnormalities were identified. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis was performed on polymerase chain reaction–amplified exons of the hRyR2 gene. Four single nucleotide substitutions leading to missense mutations were identified in 4 probands affected by the disease. Genetic analysis of the asymptomatic parents revealed that 3 probands carried de novo mutations. In 1 case, the identical twin of the proband died suddenly after having suffered syncopal episodes. The fourth mutation was identified in the proband, in 4 clinically affected family members, and in none of 3 nonaffected family members in a kindred with 2 sudden deaths that occurred at 16 and 14 years, respectively, in the sisters of the proband. ConclusionsWe demonstrated that, in agreement with our hypothesis, hRyR2 is a gene responsible for catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
Estimating Frequency, Amplitude and Phase of Two Sinusoids with Very Close Frequencies

(cid:3) Abstract — This paper presents an algorithm to estimate the parameters of two closely spaced sinusoids, providing a frequency resolution that is more than 800 times greater than that obtained by using the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). The strategy uses a highly optimized grid search approach to accurately estimate frequency, amplitude and phase of both sinusoids, keeping at the same time the computational effort at reasonable levels. The proposed method has three main characteristics: 1) a high frequency resolution; 2) frequency, amplitude and phase are all estimated at once using one single package; 3) it does not rely on any statistical assumption or constraint. Potential applications to this strategy include the difficult task of resolving coincident partials of instruments in musical signals.
Learning About Predictability: The Effects of Parameter Uncertainty on Dynamic Asset Allocation

This paper examines the effects of uncertainty about the predictability of stock returns on optimal dynamic portfolio choice in a continuous time setting with a long horizon. Uncertainty about the predictive relation affects the optimal portfolio choice through dynamic learning, and leads to a rich set of relations between the optimal portfolio choice and the investment horizon. There are also substantial market timing elements in the optimal hedge demands, which are caused by stochastic covariance and variance terms arising from dynamic learning. The opportunity cost of ignoring predictability or learning is found to be quite substantial.
Cytokine production profile in intestinal mucosa of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease

In the recent years, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has dramatically increased in young subjects, however, the pathogenesis of paediatric IBD is poorly investigated. In this study we aimed to evaluate the cytokine pattern and the phenotype of cytokine producing cells in the intestinal mucosa of paediatric patients affected by Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) and of non-IBD healthy controls (HC). Cytokine (IL-15, TNF-α, INF-γ) production was analyzed at basal condition and after mitogen stimulation either intracellularly by flow cytometry or in intestinal cell culture supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A higher frequency of enterocytes (EpCam+ cells) was observed in UC patients compared to CD or HC. An expansion of enterocytes producing IL-15 and TNF-α were found in IBD patients compared to HC. A marked expression of IL-15 in the intestinal epithelium of IBD patients was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Myeloid dendritic (CD11c+) cells producing TNF-α and INF-γ were increased in IBD biopsies. Unexpectedly, only after a strong mitogen stimulus, as phytohaemagglutinin, the frequency of CD3+ cells producing IFN-γ was increased in IBD compared to control intestinal mucosa. Interestingly, functional studies performed on organ cultures of intestinal biopsies with neutralizing anti-IL-15 monoclonal antibody showed a marked reduction of mononuclear cell activation, proliferation of crypt enterocytes, as well as a reduction of TNF-α release in organ culture supernatants. In conclusion, we found that in the gut mucosa of IBD children both enterocytes and dendritic cells produce proinflammatory cytokines. The over-expression of IL-15 by enterocytes in IBD intestine and the reduced IBD inflammation by IL-15 blockage suggests that this cytokine could be a therapeutic target in IBD.
A technique for measurement of the extent of spatial organization of atrial activation during atrial fibrillation in the intact human heart

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common clinical problem, associated with considerable morbidity and motility, for which effective management strategies have yet to be devised. The absence of objective measures to guide selection of antiarrhythmic drug therapy for maintenance of sinus rhythm leaves only clinical endpoints (either beneficial or detrimental) for assessment of drug action, with occasional catastrophic consequences. As part of an attempt to provide an objective framework for the assessment of antiarrhythmic drug action on the electrophysiologic determinants of atrial fibrillation, the authors have developed a measure of the spatial organization of atrial activation processes during atrial fibrillation. By recording activation sequences at multiple equally spaced locations on the endocardial surface of the atrial during atrial fibrillation in humans and determining the degree of correlation between these activation sequences as a function of distance, the authors have been able to construct spatial correlation functions for atrial activation. They have found that atrial activation remains well-correlated, independent of distance during normal sinus rhythm and atrial flutter. During atrial fibrillation, correlation decays monotonically with distance and the space-constant for this decay may be used to describe the relative spatial organization of atrial fibrillation. The authors provide examples of the impact of antiarrhythmic agents on the space-constant and suggest that assessment of the relative spatial organization of atrial activation using this methodology may potentially provide an objective framework to guide therapy in patients with AF. <<ETX>>
Augmenting Mixed Reality Applications with the Vibro Motors Wearable

In this demo, we demonstrate the use of the mobile Vibro Motors Wearable device, and we explain how it can be used to enhance Mixed Reality applications with tactile human-machine hand interactions. The presented device is capable of providing tactile feedback while interacting with virtual objects, e.g., when elements of a 3D user interface are touched. The device enables to run vibro motors mounted on a user's fingers while interacting with synthetic objects. In order to control the vibe of a particular vibro motor in a wireless manner, we have developed an HTTP-based API. The API can be used to develop mobile-tactile Mixed Reality applications to enhance user experience by giving an impression of fading in/out effects when interacting with 3D objects. To show the device's capabilities, a 3D demo application has been developed in which a user can experience tactile feedback effects while interacting with a virtual object.
Rear-Surface Passivation Technology for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells: A Versatile Process for Mass Production

Over the past few years, significant progress has been made in integrating cell structure improvements on the cell front side into mass production, such as, e.g., selective emitters. With these improvements, the large-area aluminum back-surface field clearly limits the efficiency of typical industrial cells. Dielectric passivation of the cell rear side provides a means for significant improvement. However, it needs to be adapted to different wafer materials and cell structures in order to obtain economic efficiency, allowing for its implementation in mass production. In this paper, we report on our cost-effective passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) technology that easily adapts to various wafer materials, such as multicrystalline, quasi-monocrystalline, and Czochralski-grown monocrystalline material. It is suitable for wafer thicknesses down to 120 μm and all base resistivities in the range from 1 to 3.5 Ω·cm. Additionally, we investigate the compatibility with homogeneous and selective emitters on the cell front side. For commercially available Czochralski wafers, we present an efficiency gain of more than 1.0% absolute in cell efficiency with a peak cell efficiency of up to 20.2%. The usability of our PERC solar cells in modules is demonstrated with a 289-W module containing 60 PERC cells. To emphasize the efficacy of high-performance cells in modules, a simple cell-to-module factor calculation is presented.
Discuss recent advances in our understanding of the pathobiology of non-coding RNAs

Introduction The postulation of the ‘Central Dogma’ by Francis Crick apparently solved the mystery surrounding the function of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the early days of molecular biology(1). This classical paradigm highlights the role of RNA as an intermediate product of gene expression between DNA and functional proteins. However, more recent evidence has suggested that this is a gross oversimplification. It is now recognised that besides messenger RNA (mRNA), a diverse range of RNA molecules exist within the cell. In particular, an increasing body of evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key components of both human physiology and pathology, and responsible for orchestrating a plethora of cellular functions – many of which we are only beginning to unravel. Thus more than half a century since Crick first stated his ‘Central Dogma’, the full spectrum of RNA functioning remains as elusive as ever.
Hygroscopic influence on bistable characteristics of antisymmetric composite cylindrical shells: An experimental study

This paper investigates the effect of moisture on bistable characteristics of antisymmetric composite cylindrical by using experimental and finite element method. The bistable characteristics are characterized by the curvatures of antisymmetric composite cylindrical shells in different stable states and snap processes between the two stable states which are indicated by the load–displacement curve and snap load. The manufactured specimens after dried in the oven are immersed in distilled water to full saturation and the saturated salt solutions (MgCl2) to full saturation. The specimen achieves different moisture that is immersed in distilled water at the different period until full saturation and in the saturated salt solution (MgCl2) with the same period of saturation in distilled water. Specimens with different moisture are then mechanically loaded on a testing machine to transform between two stable states. Load–displacement curves are recorded in the computer, from which the snap loads can be found. After the test, the principal and twisting curvatures are captured by a digital image processing. The results are contrasted with hygroscopic influence on another kind of bistable composite structure (asymmetric cross-ply laminates) in this paper. The results show that the shapes and snap loads of antisymmetric composite cylindrical shells are influenced by the moisture increasing.
Chemoenzymatic Bio‐orthogonal Chemistry for Site‐Specific Double Modification of Recombinant Thrombomodulin

Best of both worlds: A one-pot strategy for site-specific PEGylation through strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) and fluorescent labeling through sortase A-mediated ligation (SML) of recombinant thrombomodulin without prior chemical modification and without diminishing the protein activity has been developed.
Acute and Chronic Exercise Effects on Attentional Control in Older Road Cyclists

Background: Research on visual attention control of older road cyclists, who represent a subgroup of traffic participants, is still scarce and studies on their attentional performance while cycling are completely lacking. Objective: The present study assessed whether attention control performance of older individuals with a history of participation in road cycling is affected by concomitant cycling exercise. Acute exercise effects were also analyzed in co-aged aerobically trained and sedentary noncyclists to assess whether the acute exercise-cognition relationship is moderated by individual differences induced by chronic sport practice versus sedentary lifestyle. Methods: Sixteen 60- to 80-year-old cyclists and 32 age-matched noncyclists (16 endurance athletes and 16 sedentary individuals) performed a go/no-go reaction time task in which visual attention was cued by means of spatial cues of different sizes followed by compound stimuli with local and global target features. Results: Older cyclists showed commonalities with and differences from other aerobically trained athletes. Both trained groups, when compared to sedentary individuals, showed shorter reaction time (RT) during physical exercise and a smaller RT disadvantage for unexpected local targets at short stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA). This expectancy-driven RT effect was stable across SOAs only in the case of cyclists. Conclusions: Results suggest that chronic long-term aerobic training may lead to favorable conditions for the occurrence of a facilitation effect during acute exercise and for a more efficient use of available resources on attentional tasks involving executive control. These results highlight the importance of considering the effects of aerobic exercise for supporting safe on-road behavior.
Pharmacokinetic modeling of [ 18 F ] fluorodeoxyglucose

Background: Absorbed dose estimates for pediatric patients require pharmacokinetics that are, to the extent possible, age-specific. Such age-specific pharmacokinetic data are lacking for many of the diagnostic agents typically used in pediatric imaging. We have developed a pharmacokinetic model of [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) applicable to premature infants and to 0(newborns) to 5-year-old patients, which may be used to generate model-derived time-integrated activity coefficients and absorbed dose calculations for these patients. Methods: The FDG compartmental model developed by Hays and Segall for adults was fitted to published data from infants and also to a retrospective data set collected at the Boston Children’s Hospital (BCH). The BCH data set was also used to examine the relationship between uptake of FDG in different organs and patient weight or age. Results: Substantial changes in the structure of the FDG model were required to fit the pediatric data. Fitted rate constants and fractional blood volumes were reduced relative to the adult values. Conclusions: The pharmacokinetic models developed differ substantially from adult pharmacokinetic (PK) models which can have considerable impact on the dosimetric models for pediatric patients. This approach may be used as a model for estimating dosimetry in children from other radiopharmaceuticals.