Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 polymorphism 663 C > T affects clotting factor VIII activity and increases the risk of venous thromboembolism

Background: Clotting factor (F) VIII is an independent risk factor for primary and recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE). The causes for high plasma FVIII levels are not fully understood, but an involvement of genetic factors has been demonstrated. A multifunctional endocytic receptor, low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 (LRP1), mediates cellular uptake and subsequent degradation of FVIII and may contribute to variations in FVIII levels. Objective: We assessed the association of a genetic variation of LRP1 (663C > T) with basal FVIII levels and the risk of venous thrombosis in a group of high‐risk patients and in healthy controls. Patients and methods: One hundred and fifty‐two patients with a history of recurrent VTE (median age 56 years, 47% women) were compared with 198 age‐ and sex‐matched controls (median age 53 years, 50% women). The LRP1 663C > T genotype was analyzed by mutagenic separated polymerase chain reaction assay and heterozygosity was confirmed by sequence analysis. Results: LRP1 663C > T genotype distribution differed significantly between patients (663CC n = 138, 663CT n = 14) and controls (663CC n = 190, 663CT n = 8; P = 0.048). In multivariable linear regression analysis including LRP1 663C > T, ABO blood group, von Willebrand factor antigen, C‐reactive protein and age, LRP1 663CT was independently associated with FVIII activity (P = 0.02). LRP1 663CT was also associated with increased odds for VTE following adjustment for blood group O, FV Leiden and the prothrombin variation 20210G > A in multivariate analysis (odds ratio 3.3, 95% CI 1.3–8.5). Conclusions: According to our data the LRP1 663C > T polymorphism influences plasma FVIII levels independently of blood group, C‐reactive protein and von Willebrand factor and is significantly associated with the risk of VTE.
Neuroprotection of Dexmedetomidine against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats: Involved in Inhibition of NF-κB and Inflammation Response

Dexmedetomidine is an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist that exhibits a protective effect on ischemia-reperfusion injury of the heart, kidney, and other organs. In the present study, we examined the neuroprotective action and potential mechanisms of dexmedetomidine against ischemia-reperfusion induced cerebral injury. Transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion. After the ischemic insult, animals then received intravenous dexmedetomidine of 1 μg/kg load dose, followed by 0.05 μg/kg/min infusion for 2 h. After 24 h of reperfusion, neurological function, brain edema, and the morphology of the hippocampal CA1 region were evaluated. The levels and mRNA expressions of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor nevrosis factor-α as well as the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κBp65, inhibitor of κBα and phosphorylated of κBα in hippocampus were assessed. We found that dexmedetomidine reduced focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting the expression and release of inflammatory cytokines and mediators. Inhibition of the nuclear factor-κB pathway may be a mechanism underlying the neuroprotective action of dexmedetomidine against focal cerebral I/R injury.
Quantum networks for elementary arithmetic operations.

Quantum computers require quantum arithmetic. We provide an explicit construction of quantum networks effecting basic arithmetic operations: from addition to modular exponentiation. Quantum modular exponentiation seems to be the most difficult (time and space consuming) part of Shor's quantum factorizing algorithm. We show that the auxiliary memory required to perform this operation in a reversible way grows linearly with the size of the number to be factorized. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Chaotic indices and canonical ensemble of heart rate patterns in small-for-gestational age fetuses

Abstract Aims: We studied how linear and nonlinear heart rate dynamics differ between normal fetuses (n=135) and uncomplicated small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetuses (n=65), aged 32–40 weeks' gestation. Methods: We analyzed each fetal heart rate time series for 20 min. We quantified the complexity (nonlinear dynamics) of each fetal heart rate (FHR) time series by approximate entropy (ApEn) and correlation dimension (CD). The linear dynamics were analyzed by canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Results: The ApEn and CD of the uncomplicated SGA fetuses were significantly lower than that of the normal fetuses in all three gestational periods (32–34, 35–37, 38–40 weeks). Canonical correlation ensemble in SGA fetuses is slightly higher than normal ones in all three gestational periods, especially at 35–37 weeks. Conclusions: Irregularity and complexity of the heart rate dynamics of SGA fetuses are lower than that of normal ones. Also, canonical ensemble in SGA fetuses is higher than in normal ones, suggesting that the FHR control system has multiple complex interactions. Along with the clear difference between the two groups' non-linear chaotic dynamics in FHR patterns, we clarified the hidden subtle differences in linearity (e.g., canonical ensemble). The decrease in non-linear dynamics may contribute to the increase in linear dynamics. The present statistical methodology can be readily and routinely utilized in obstetrics and gynecologic fields.
The Coprophilous Mushroom Coprinus radians Secretes a Haloperoxidase That Catalyzes Aromatic Peroxygenation

ABSTRACT Coprophilous and litter-decomposing species (26 strains) of the genus Coprinus were screened for peroxidase activities by using selective agar plate tests and complex media based on soybean meal. Two species, Coprinus radians and C. verticillatus, were found to produce peroxidases, which oxidized aryl alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes at pH 7 (a reaction that is typical for heme-thiolate haloperoxidases). The peroxidase of Coprinus radians was purified to homogeneity and characterized. Three fractions of the enzyme, CrP I, CrP II, and CrP III, with molecular masses of 43 to 45 kDa as well as isoelectric points between 3.8 and 4.2, were identified after purification by anion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography. The optimum pH of the major fraction (CrP II) for the oxidation of aryl alcohols was around 7, and an H2O2 concentration of 0.7 mM was most suitable regarding enzyme activity and stability. The apparent Km values for ABTS [2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazolinesulfonic acid)], 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, benzyl alcohol, veratryl alcohol, and H2O2 were 49, 342, 635, 88, and 1,201 μM, respectively. The N terminus of CrP II showed 29% and 19% sequence identity to Agrocybe aegerita peroxidase (AaP) and chloroperoxidase, respectively. The UV-visible spectrum of CrP II was highly similar to that of resting-state cytochrome P450 enzymes, with the Soret band at 422 nm and additional maxima at 359, 542, and 571 nm. The reduced carbon monoxide complex showed an absorption maximum at 446 nm, which is characteristic of heme-thiolate proteins. CrP brominated phenol to 2- and 4-bromophenols and selectively hydroxylated naphthalene to 1-naphthol. Hence, after AaP, CrP is the second extracellular haloperoxidase-peroxygenase described so far. The ability to extracellularly hydroxylate aromatic compounds seems to be the key catalytic property of CrP and may be of general significance for the biotransformation of poorly available aromatic substances, such as lignin, humus, and organopollutants in soil litter and dung environments. Furthermore, aromatic peroxygenation is a promising target of biotechnological studies.
Empirical Analysis of Audit Uncertainty Qualifications

This study examines the usefulness of financial statement and other data for modeling the auditor's decision process leading to the modification of audit reports for uncertainties. The auditor faces increased responsibility to evaluate and report on uncertainty about a client's continued existence under SAS No. 58 and SAS No. 59 (AICPA [1988]). A model for predicting uncertainty qualifications would be useful as an aid to this reporting decision; it could be applied early in the audit when the auditor forms an expectation of engagement risk and again at the final stage when making the reporting decision. The model could also be used as an expectations model in studies of the information content of qualified audit opinions and for investigating changes in auditors' loss functions. ' In addition, a model might provide
Primary ovarian insufficiency: a more accurate term for premature ovarian failure

Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a disorder with a complicated clinical presentation and course that is poorly defined by its name. A more scientifically accurate term for the disorder is primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), a term that can be appropriately modified to describe the state of ovarian function. In recent years, the known aetiologies of POI have expanded, although the cause of POI in a majority of clinical cases remains undefined. The most common aetiologies should be ruled out clinically including chromosomal abnormalities, fragile X premutations and autoimmune causes. Management should be directed at symptom resolution and bone protection, but most importantly should include psychosocial support for women facing this devastating diagnosis.
Corticotrophin‐releasing Hormone and CRH‐binding Protein: Differences between Patients at Risk for Preterm Birth and Hypertension

Abstract: Background: During pregnancy in the second and third trimester there is a progressive rise in plasma CRH thought to be secreted by the placenta. Plasma CRH‐BP inactivates CRH, which may prevent its peripheral action on the maternal pituitary and myometrium. In the last few weeks of pregnancy CRH‐BP decreases, thereby causing an increase in free CRH or a CRH/CRH‐BP complex available to play a role in the onset of parturition. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that differences in CRH, CRH‐BP, or a CRH/CRH‐BP complex in patients at risk for preterm birth (PTB) and hypertension (HYP) account for the differences in the timing of parturition. Methods: From a Behavior in Pregnancy Study database, we identified 18 patients who had spontaneous PTB and 23 patients who developed HYP. Both groups were case controlled and matched with patients who delivered at term (Normal). Maternal plasma samples had been appropriately collected from these patients at 18‐20, 28‐30, and 35‐36 weeks gestational age. CRH levels were measured by double antibody RIA kit and the CRH‐BP by a immunoradiometric technique. A CRH‐BP/CRH dimer complex index was calculated. Statistical analysis was done using Kruskal‐Wallis test for two cases. Results: Maternal CRH (pg/ml) in the PTB cases compared to the HYP cases was significantly elevated at all three time periods. Maternal CRH‐BP (pg/ml) in the PTB versus HYP cases was significantly lower at all three time periods in the PTB cases compared to the HYP cases. Maternal CRH‐BP/CRH dimer complex index was significantly lower in the PTB cases at all three time periods than either the controls or the HYP cases, suggesting excessive CRH. The mean GA at delivery for the PTB cases was significantly lower than the control or HYP cases. Conclusions: These results suggest that those patients at risk for PTB have significantly elevated CRH, lower CRH‐BP, and a reduced CRH‐BP/CRH dimer complex index at all three time periods of assessment.
The Interplay between Carbon Availability and Growth in Different Zones of the Growing Maize Leaf1[OPEN]

Local differences in carbon storage strategy, metabolism, and gene expression in maize leaves delay the inhibition of growth and allow partial recovery of growth after transfer to darkness. Plants assimilate carbon in their photosynthetic tissues in the light. However, carbon is required during the night and in nonphotosynthetic organs. It is therefore essential that plants manage their carbon resources spatially and temporally and coordinate growth with carbon availability. In growing maize (Zea mays) leaf blades, a defined developmental gradient facilitates analyses in the cell division, elongation, and mature zones. We investigated the responses of the metabolome and transcriptome and polysome loading, as a qualitative proxy for protein synthesis, at dusk, dawn, and 6, 14, and 24 h into an extended night, and tracked whole-leaf elongation over this time course. Starch and sugars are depleted by dawn in the mature zone, but only after an extension of the night in the elongation and division zones. Sucrose (Suc) recovers partially between 14 and 24 h into the extended night in the growth zones, but not the mature zone. The global metabolome and transcriptome track these zone-specific changes in Suc. Leaf elongation and polysome loading in the growth zones also remain high at dawn, decrease between 6 and 14 h into the extended night, and then partially recover, indicating that growth processes are determined by local carbon status. The level of Suc-signaling metabolite trehalose-6-phosphate, and the trehalose-6-phosphate:Suc ratio are much higher in growth than mature zones at dusk and dawn but fall in the extended night. Candidate genes were identified by searching for transcripts that show characteristic temporal response patterns or contrasting responses to carbon starvation in growth and mature zones.
Cutting Edge: Functional Requirement for SAP in 2B4-Mediated Activation of Human Natural Killer Cells as Revealed by the X-Linked Lymphoproliferative Syndrome1

X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) is an immunodeficiency characterized by life-threatening infectious mononucleosis and EBV-induced B cell lymphoma. The gene mutated in XLP encodes SLAM (signaling lymphocytic activation molecule-associated protein)-associated protein (SAP), a small SH2 domain-containing protein. SAP associates with 2B4 and SLAM, activating receptors expressed by NK and T cells, and prevents recruitment of SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 SHP-2) to the cytoplasmic domains of these receptors. The phenotype of XLP may therefore result from perturbed signaling through SAP-associating receptors. We have addressed the functional consequence of SAP deficiency on 2B4-mediated NK cell activation. Ligating 2B4 on normal human NK cells with anti-2B4 mAb or interaction with transfectants bearing the 2B4 ligand CD48 induced NK cell cytotoxicity. In contrast, ligation of 2B4 on NK cells from a SAP-deficient XLP patient failed to initiate cytotoxicity. Despite this, CD2 or CD16-induced cytotoxicity of SAP-deficient NK cells was similar to that of normal NK cells. Thus, selective impairment of 2B4-mediated NK cell activation may contribute to the immunopathology of XLP.
Reaction Time Crossover in Schizotypal Subjects

The present study investigated the relationship between reaction time crossover and schizotypy as measured by Chapman's Physical Anhedonia Scale (PAS). Twenty PAS-identi-fied schizotypal college students and 20 nonschizotypal students were administered a computerized version of Rodnick and Shakow's crossover reaction time task. The hypothesized interaction (crossover) between preparatory interval duration and preparatory interval presentation pattern was observed for PAS-identified schizotypics. Results indicated that subjects identified on the basis of the PAS evidenced reaction time crossover patterns similar to those observed in schizophrenic and at-risk populations.
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐positive pyothorax‐associated lymphoma (PAL): chromosomal integration of EBV in a novel CD2‐positive PAL B‐cell line

Summary. Pyothorax‐associated lymphoma (PAL) is a clinico‐pathological entity arising in the pleural cavity of patients with long‐standing inflammatory pyothorax. PAL is closely associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), but how this virus contributes to the development of the lymphoma is unknown. We have successfully obtained a novel EBV‐infected PAL cell line, designated Pal‐1. The cell line and its source coexpressed CD2 and CD20 molecules, but other representative B‐ and T‐cell markers such as CD1, CD3, CD5, CD7, CD10 and CD19 were not found. The B‐cell origin of Pal‐1 cells was proven by rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy‐ and light‐chain genes without rearranged T‐cell receptor genes. Both the cell line and primary tumour cells carried monoclonal EBV genome. Although EBV genome is known to be maintained as circular extrachromosomal DNA, neither circular nor linear extrachromosomal EBV DNA was detectable in Pal‐1 cells by in situ lysis gel analysis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated viral integration at a marker chromosome mostly consisting of the centromere region of chromosome 1. The viral integration event may enhance a chromosomal instability at the insertion site. This cell line represents the first example of EBV integration in PAL and could enable the study of the potential role of integrated viral infection in the development of PAL as well as mechanism of the aberrant phenotype expression.
Position and velocity sensorless control of IPMSM using full-order observer based on extended electromotive force with a new observer design method

The reduced order observer (disturbance observer) based on the the extended electromotive force(eemf) model, which can be applied to the position and velocity sensorless control for all synchronous motors included IPMSMs(Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors), had been proposed by authors. However, the design of a full-order eemf observer is difficult, because the error equations of the observers become ones of the fourth order. Therefore, this paper proposes a design method of the full-order eemf observer whose objective is the robust position estimation against the velocity estimation error, using H∞ control theory. Moreover, a new design method of the more robust full-order eemf observer is proposed by restudying the error system of the observer, and the simulation and experimental results of the position and velocity sensorless control of IPMSM under the maximum torque per ampere(MTPA) show that a new design method of the full-order eemf observer is very useful.
Standardization of Input/Output Impedance Specifications of Buck converters Based on the System Integration Concept

Power electronics has evolved to a point where building large-scale power electronics systems has become a reality. However, due to lack of standardized power electronics modules, it is difficult to reduce the costs of building power electronics systems via the system integration approach. In this paper, the input and output impedance of power electronics modules are selected as the objects for standardization at the system level, which can be used to ensure the system stability in the small-signal sense. The characteristics of I/O impedance are analyzed in detail. Further, the influence of three factors including the output power rating, the switching frequency and the control mode on the I/O impedance is discussed
Interrupted Expiratory Flow on Automatically Constructed Flow-Volume Curves May Determine the Presence of Intrinsic Positive End-Expiratory Pressure During One-Lung Ventilation

We studied patients undergoing elective pulmonary surgery to establish whether observing interrupted expiratory flow (IEF) on the flow-volume curves constructed by the Ultima SV respiratory monitor is a reliable way to identify patients with dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation and intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP (i)). Patients' tracheas were intubated with a double-lumen endotracheal tube and ventilated with a Siemens 900C constant flow ventilator. In 30 patients, PEEPi was determined by the end-expiratory occlusion (EEO) method during the periods of two-lung and one-lung ventilation in the lateral position. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy of the IEF method were calculated. From the 122 measurement pairs, PEEPi was identified with the EEO method in 65 occasions. The mean level of PEEPi was 4.4 cm H2 O. During one-lung ventilation, the level of PEEPi and the number of true-positive findings was significantly higher (PEEPi = 4.7 cm H2 O and 32 episodes) than during two-lung ventilation (2.9 cm H2 O and 19 episodes). When the level of PEEPi was higher than 5 cm H2 O, the predictive value of IEF was 100%. The overall sensitivity of the IEF method was 0.78, its specificity was 0.91, and its predictive value was 0.92. In conclusion, examination of the flow-volume curves displayed on the respiratory monitor may identify patients with dynamic hyperinflation and PEEP (i) during anesthesia for thoracic surgery. Implications: To identify patients with intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure during anesthesia without the need to interrupt mechanical ventilation, the flow-volume curves of an online respiratory monitor may be examined. The presence of an interrupted expiratory flow may suggest the presence of intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure with a reasonable accuracy. (Anesth Analg 1998;86:880-4)
Application of total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation for uremia secondary hyperparathyroidism treatment.

BACKGROUND Secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) is a common acquired disorder in patients with chronic renal failure. Despite the development of new therapeutic agents, a majority of patients will require parathyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation of trace amounts of parathyroid tissue as a surgical option in uremia sHPT treatment. METHODS Clinical data of 50 sHPT patients who underwent total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation between January 2011 and December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. Symptoms such as bone pain and fractures, concentrations of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), levels of ionized calcium and serum phosphorus, and activity of alkaline phosphatase were recorded before and after parathyroidectomy. RESULTS After operation, signs of pruritus, bone pain and muscle weakness was disappeared, iPTH level and serum phosphate concentration were declined markedly. No serious postoperative complications were observed. Follow-up observation was around 28 months. One female patient (2%) died 3 months after surgery due to heart failure, and another patient (2%) had persistent disease. All other patients recovered during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS Total parathyroidectomy with auto-transplantation of trace amounts of parathyroid tissue was considered to be a feasible, safe and effective surgical option for the treatment of sHPT.
Anxiety Sensitivity and Fear of Pain in Children

Associations among scores on scales of anxiety sensitivity and trait anxiety and a fear of pain questionnaire were examined for 118 children. Analysis showed that anxiety sensitivity was positively and substantially related to fear of pain in the children. Furthermore, the data suggested anxiety sensitivity to be a better predictor of fear of pain than trait anxiety.
Owning your own job is a beautiful thing: Community wealth building in Cleveland, Ohio

The Census Bureau reports that even before the Great Recession hit, in 2007 Detroit had a poverty rate of 33.8 percent, Cleveland 29.5 percent, and Buffalo 28.7 percent. The level of pain in our smaller cities is even greater: in 2007, Bloomington, IN, led the list with a poverty rate of 41.6 percent. Dealing with the challenge of concentrated urban poverty necessitates, at bottom, a serious strategy to provide stable, living wage employment in every community and every neighborhood in the country.