Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolution of NAD 83 in the United States: Journey from 2D toward 4D

AbstractIn 1986, Canada, Greenland, and the United States adopted the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) to replace the North American Datum of 1927 as their official spatial reference system for geometric positioning. The rigor of the original NAD 83 realization benefited from the extensive use of electronic distance measuring instrumentation and from the use of both TRANSIT Doppler observations and very long baseline interferometry observations. However, the original NAD 83 realization predated the widespread use of the global positioning system and the use of continuously operating reference stations. Consequently, NAD 83 has evolved significantly in the United States since 1986 to embrace these technological advances, as well as to accommodate improvements in the understanding of crustal motion. This paper traces this evolution from what started as essentially a two-dimensional (2D) reference frame and has been progressing toward a four-dimensional (4D) frame. In anticipation of future geodetic adv.
An Efficient Trajectory Representative Generation Moving Web-Based Data Prediction Using Different Clustering Algorithms

This paper highlighted moving and trajectory object cluster (MOTRACLUS) algorithm and analyzed the sub-trajectories and real-trajectories algorithm for moving web-based data and suggested a new approach of moving elements. This paper evaluates the hurricane data measure and mass less data measure entropy of trajectories objects of moving data of Chhattisgarh location. The paper covered prediction generation with their distance cluster minimum description length (MDL) algorithm and other corresponding distance cluster (CLSTR) algorithm. This paper highlighted the k-nearest algorithm with least cluster section (LCSS) model and dimensional Euclidean of MDL algorithm. The algorithm consists of two parts, that is, partitioning and grouping phase. This paper develops and enhances a cluster of trajectory objects and calculates the actual distance of moving objects. This algorithm works on the CLSTR algorithm and calculates trajectory movement of the object. In this, the authors evaluate the entropy of moving objects by consideration of the heuristic parameter.
Remarks On The Analysis Of Covariance In Repeated Measures Designs

The analysis of data collected in a design involving one between groups and one within subjects factor, each with two levels, and one observation per subject on the covariate, is considered. Conditions necessary for ANCOVA adjusted main effects and interactions to be meaningful are presented. Under these conditions the adjusted effects and ANOVA unadjusted effects are shown to be equal, and the variances of the unadjusted and adjusted effect are compared. The adjusted within subjects effect cannot be less variable than the unadjusted effect, while the adjusted between groups effect and interaction can be less variable than the corresponding unadjusted effect.
A 8.8-50 GHz Complete Spectral Line Survey toward TMC-1: I. Survey Data.

We completed the first spectral line survey toward a cold, dark cloud TMC-1 (cyanopolyyne peak) in a frequency range between 8.8 and 50.0 GHz by the 45-m radio telescope of Nobeyama Radio Observatory. We detected 414 lines of 38 molecular species including 11 new molecules, such as C6H, CCO, C3O, CCS, C3S, HNCCC, HCCNC, HC3NH + , HCCCHO, CH2CN, and cyclic C3H (c-C3H), which were previously reported; only one significant line, U49536, remains unidentified. 177 out of 414 lines are reported for the first time. Some half of the detected molecules are linear carbon-chain species and their derivatives. We also discovered three new rarer isotopomers: CC34S, C3S, and HDCS. Spectral charts are presented together with the observed line parameters of all detected lines. Improved molecular constants of several carbon-chain molecules obtained during the course of identification are also presented.
Broadband measurement of rate-dependent viscoelasticity at nanoscale using scanning probe microscope: Poly(dimethylsiloxane) example

A control approach to achieve nanoscale broadband viscoelastic measurement using scanning probe microscope (SPM) is reported. Current SPM-based force measurement is too slow to measure rate-dependent phenomena, and large (temporal) measurement errors can be generated when the sample itself changes rapidly. The recently developed model-less inversion-based iterative control technique is used to eliminate the dynamics and hysteresis effects of the SPM hardware on the measurements, enabling rapid excitation and measurement of rate-dependent material properties. The approach is illustrated by the mechanical characterization of poly(dimethylsiloxane) over a broad frequency range of three orders of magnitude (∼1 Hz to 4.5 KHz).
Whole-Heart Tissue Engineering and Cardiac Patches: Challenges and Promises

Despite all the advances in preventing, diagnosing, and treating cardiovascular disorders, they still account for a significant part of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The advent of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has provided novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of various diseases. Tissue engineering relies on three pillars: scaffolds, stem cells, and growth factors. Gene and cell therapy methods have been introduced as primary approaches to cardiac tissue engineering. Although the application of gene and cell therapy has resulted in improved regeneration of damaged cardiac tissue, further studies are needed to resolve their limitations, enhance their effectiveness, and translate them into the clinical setting. Scaffolds from synthetic, natural, or decellularized sources have provided desirable characteristics for the repair of cardiac tissue. Decellularized scaffolds are widely studied in heart regeneration, either as cell-free constructs or cell-seeded platforms. The application of human- or animal-derived decellularized heart patches has promoted the regeneration of heart tissue through in vivo and in vitro studies. Due to the complexity of cardiac tissue engineering, there is still a long way to go before cardiac patches or decellularized whole-heart scaffolds can be routinely used in clinical practice. This paper aims to review the decellularized whole-heart scaffolds and cardiac patches utilized in the regeneration of damaged cardiac tissue. Moreover, various decellularization methods related to these scaffolds will be discussed.
PEEK for Oral Applications: Recent Advances in Mechanical and Adhesive Properties

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a thermoplastic material widely used in engineering applications due to its good biomechanical properties and high temperature stability. Compared to traditional metal and ceramic dental materials, PEEK dental implants exhibit less stress shielding, thus better matching the mechanical properties of bone. As a promising medical material, PEEK can be used as implant abutments, removable and fixed prostheses, and maxillofacial prostheses. It can be blended with materials such as fibers and ceramics to improve its mechanical strength for better clinical dental applications. Compared to conventional pressed and CAD/CAM milling fabrication, 3D-printed PEEK exhibits excellent flexural and tensile strength and parameters such as printing temperature and speed can affect its mechanical properties. However, the bioinert nature of PEEK can make adhesive bonding difficult. The bond strength can be improved by roughening or introducing functional groups on the PEEK surface by sandblasting, acid etching, plasma treatment, laser treatment, and adhesive systems. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research progress on the mechanical properties of PEEK for dental applications in the context of specific applications, composites, and their preparation processes. In addition, the research on the adhesive properties of PEEK over the past few years is highlighted. Thus, this review aims to build a conceptual and practical toolkit for the study of the mechanical and adhesive properties of PEEK materials. More importantly, it provides a rationale and a general new basis for the application of PEEK in the dental field.
A Computational Technique for Increasing the Effective Sampling Volume of the PMS Two-Dimensional Particle Size Spectrometer

Abstract Equations are developed to compute the size of particles partially contained within the sampling area of the PMS two-dimensional particle size spectrometer. This technique permits the effective sampling volume of the device to be increased considerably over the sampling volume obtained by the two other techniques in common usage. Size spectra obtained by this technique are compared with size spectra obtained by the two other techniques and with spectra from two other probes on the T-28 aircraft in a thunderstorm in northeast Colorado.
Ultrashort, high-power pulse generation from a master oscillator power amplifier based on external cavity mode locking of a quantum-dot two-section diode laser

We investigate an external cavity curved two-section mode-locked diode laser system based on quantum-dot (QD) gain media near 1. 3μm. Pulses are generated from the external laser cavity at a 5‐GHz repetition rate and amplified using a multilayer quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifier. The pulses are compressed with a dual-grating dispersion compensator. The shortest, near transform-limited pulses are obtained when the mode-locked pulses are positive (up) chirped. The compressed pulses are 1.2ps in duration, with a pulse energy of 1.46pJ, implying a peak power of 1.22W.
Discovery of a >1,000 km Cambrian Eclogite‐Bearing High‐Pressure Metamorphic Belt in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Implications for the Final Closure of the Pan‐Rodinian Ocean

The immense Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) records the transition from the Pan‐Rodinian Mirovoi Ocean to the Paleo‐Asian Ocean, but the final closure of the Mirovoi Ocean remains unexplored. Here we document two new eclogite occurrences, located between CAOB microcontinents and the Ediacaran–Cambrian island arc in Mongolia. Pseudosection modeling and geothermobarometry constrain peak conditions of ∼560°C and ∼2.2 GPa for the Urgamal eclogite and ∼715°C and ∼2.0 GPa for the Tsengel eclogite. Zircon U‐Pb dating results suggest the Urgamal eclogite‐facies metamorphism occurred at ∼522 Ma, and the granite gneiss enclosing the eclogite yielded ∼811 Ma crystallization age and ∼519 Ma metamorphic age. Detrital zircon age spectra of the paragneisses associated with the eclogite suggest a probable provenance from the adjacent Zavkhan microcontinent and the Neoproterozoic arc superimposed on the microcontinent. The Tsengel eclogite has a protolith age of ∼853 Ma and an eclogite‐facies metamorphic age of ∼522 Ma, and the associated migmatite gneiss record a ∼520 Ma migmatization event. The rock associations and geochemical affinities indicate that their protoliths represent mafic rocks formed in a continental rift setting and the Early Neoproterozoic subduction–accretion complex, respectively. Their similar tectonic position and metamorphic age suggest that these rocks are part of a single >1,000 km long Cambrian high‐pressure metamorphic belt. The rocks record closure of the Mirovoi Ocean within the CAOB and constrain this crucial event to ∼520 Ma along the western margin of the microcontinents in Mongolia.
Refined On-Manifold IMU Preintegration Theory for Factor Graph Optimization Based on Equivalent Rotation Vector

Multisource information fusion is a major area of interest within the field of unmanned technology. In comparison with utilizing the Kalman filter (KF)-based method, the factor graph optimization (FGO)-based method has recently been proposed as an innovative approach. However, the traditional FGO-based inertial measurement unit (IMU) preintegration process is designed for low-accuracy inertial sensors, which leads to insufficient utilization of information and a decrease in positioning accuracy, in the case of tactical-grade or higher accuracy IMUs. Therefore, this article refines the process on the manifold model and utilizes the equivalent rotation vector to accumulate IMU measurements. The main contribution of our work is the refined on-manifold IMU preintegration theory and the application of the multisample algorithm based on the equivalent rotation vector for obtaining more precise preintegrated IMU measurements. The refined on-manifold IMU preintegration theory is applied based on the FGO algorithm in the global navigation satellite system (GNSS)/inertial navigation system (INS) loosely integrated navigation system. The experiments based on simulated and real-world data were conducted and demonstrate that, compared to a high-precision extended KF (EKF) algorithm and optimization methods, the proposed method achieves more accuracy in a dynamic environment.
A Novel Adaptive Power Smoothing Approach for PV Power Plant with Hybrid Energy Storage System

Clouds passing over solar photovoltaic (PV) power system causes power fluctuations, which contributes to power quality issues. Power fluctuations are usually compensated by an energy storage system (ESS) integrated with a filtering or smoothing controller. However, there is a great burden to tune and determine the filtering time constant (TF) that leads to better alleviation of PV power fluctuations because the irradiance variability varies from day to day. Lack of cloud information leads to incorrect selection of TF values which leads to poor smoothing performance when setting low values on cloudy days, or to unnecessary ESS operation when setting high values on clear days. This paper introduces a novel power smoothing framework to avoid the arbitrary selection of TF values and reduce the stress on ESS based on predictive and adaptive smoothing mechanisms. The proposed controller contains two layers, the first layer predicts the next day's irradiance profile and uses a clear sky model to identify the cloud class. Next, the controller sets the initial values of the filter time constants for cloudy, moderate, and mild days, and disables smoothing on clear and overcast days. The second layer adaptively adjusts the initial filter time constant based on the current power ramp rate and shares power for a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). The performance of the proposed controller is tested against the forecasting errors and compared to fixed time constant-based smoothing techniques and ramp rate control in a range of scenarios, including smoothing, ramp rate reduction, and battery degradation assessment.
A two-dimensional analysis of percolation and filamentarity in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release One

We have used the largest cluster statistics and the average filamentarity to quantify respectively the connectivity and the shapes of the patterns seen in the galaxy distribution in two volume-limited subsamples extracted from the equatorial strips of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release One (DR1). The data was projected on to the equatorial plane and analysed in two dimensions (2D). Comparing the results with Poisson point distributions at various levels of smoothing we find evidence for a network-like topology with filaments being the dominant patterns in the galaxy distribution. With increasing smoothing, a transition from many individual filamentary structures to an interconnected network is found to occur at a filling factor of 0.5-0.6. We have tested the possibility that the connectivity and the morphology of the patterns in the galaxy distribution may be luminosity dependent and find significant evidence for a luminosity-morphology relation, the brighter galaxies exhibiting lower levels of connectivity and filamentarity compared to the fainter ones. Using a statistical technique, Shuffle, we show that the filamentarity in both the SDSS strips is statistically significant up to 80 h -1 Mpc but not beyond. Larger filaments, though identified, are not statistically significant. Our findings reaffirm earlier work establishing the filaments to be the largest known statistically significant coherent structures in the Universe.
Walking on Thin Ice: Exploring Demands and Means of Coping During an Extreme Expedition

The present exploratory study was undertaken with two experienced explorers in order to examine daily events, perceived demands, coping strategies, and mood during a unique 636–675 km ‘‘double solo’’ crossing of Lake Baikal, a frozen lake in Siberia. A 59-year-old female explorer and a 49-year-old male explorer completed a daily survey and written diary during the expedition to collect situational data. Two semi-structured interviews were also completed, one within 24 hours and a second within four months of their return. These interviews sought to identify demands and coping efforts perceived as being most pertinent during their expedition. Guided by the work of Skinner et al. (2003), families of coping were organized around three human concerns (autonomy, relatedness, and competence) and two targets of coping (self or context). Findings illustrate two very different expedition experiences as evidenced by demands faced and coping strategies utilized, which influenced perceptions of workload and emotions experienced. Each explorer brought idiosyncrasies, which, when combined with different expedition experiences, bore influence on coping behaviors (focused on the self or context) and outcomes relative to the concerns of autonomy, relatedness, and competency. In discussing the findings, recommendations are offered for those preparing to undertake expeditions in extreme environments.
Piperine Reduces Neoplastic Progression in Cervical Cancer Cells by Downregulating the Cyclooxygenase 2 Pathway

Cervical cancer is the fourth-most common type of cancer in the world that causes death in women. It is mainly caused by persistent infection by human papillomavirus (HPV) that triggers a chronic inflammatory process. Therefore, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs is a potential treatment option. The effects of piperine, an amino alkaloid derived from Piper nigrum, are poorly understood in cervical cancer inflammation, making it a target of research. This work aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of piperine on cervical cancer and to determine whether this effect is modulated by the cyclooxygenase 2 (PTGS2) pathway using in vitro model of cervical cancer (HeLa, SiHa, CaSki), and non-tumoral (HaCaT) cell lines. The results showed that piperine reduces in vitro parameters associated with neoplastic evolution such as proliferation, viability and migration by cell cycle arrest in the G1/G0 and G2/M phases, with subsequent induction of apoptosis. This action was modulated by downregulation of cyclooxygenase 2 (PTGS2) pathway, which in turn regulates the secretion of cytokines and the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), metalloproteinases (MMPs), and their antagonists (TIMPs). These findings indicate the phytotherapeutic potential of piperine as complementary treatment in cervical cancer.
Experimentally feasible set of criteria detecting genuine multipartite entanglement in n-qubit Dicke states and in higher-dimensional systems

We construct a set of criteria detecting genuine multipartite entanglement in arbitrary dimensional multipartite systems. These criteria are optimally suited for detecting multipartite entanglement in $n$-qubit Dicke states with $m$ excitations, as shown in exemplary cases. Furthermore, they can be employed to detect multipartite entanglement in different states related to quantum cloning, decoherence-free communication, and quantum secret sharing. In a detailed analysis, we show that the criteria are also more robust to noise than any other criterion known so far, especially with increasing system size. Furthermore, it is shown that the number of required local observables scales only polynomially with size, thus making the criteria experimentally feasible.
Effects of Family and Social Group Reactions to Intermarriage Decisions in Turkey

Abstract The present study aims to understand the phenomenon of intermarriage between Alevi and Sunni groups in Turkey through reactions of the family, relatives, and social environment toward such marriage decisions, along with the effects of these reactions on the marriage and the effects of intermarriage on spouses’ relations with third parties. To this end, in-depth interviews conducted with 43 Alevi-Sunni intermarried spouses were subjected to content analysis. This analysis showed that the reactions of parents, relatives, and friends were generally positive, in line with previous research on intermarriages. Apart from focusing on the challenges faced by intermarried spouses, the study adopted a positive framework regarding intermarriage by considering the processes and coping strategies ensuring success in such relationships. Focusing on these relational processes is thought to encourage further studies on managing intercultural differences and similarities in intermarriage.
Acoustic diffraction analysis by the impulse response method: A line impulse response approach

Acoustic diffraction of plane impulsive waves is considered for free‐field, baffled, and pressure release boundary conditions, in the case of an arbitrary spatial distribution of combined, amplitude‐time delay modulation in an aperture. The method is based on the impulse response analysis of parallel aperture lines, the line impulse responses being then integrated to give an aperture impulse response. A closed‐form, analytical expression is derived for lines having an arbitrary amplitude modulation. In the case of nonmodulated apertures of an arbitrary shape, the aperture impulse response is also of an analytical form, directly involving the aperture contour line. The analysis is performed with emphasis on maintaining clear physical sense of successive evaluation steps.
Giant molecular clouds in the galaxy: The distribution of /sup 13/CO emission in the galactic plane

A survey of the carbon monoxide isotope (/sup 13/CO) is reported for the galactic equator at l< or =44/sup 0/. Since the /sup 13/CO lines are expected to have low opacity (tauapprox.1), their intensity variations as a function of galactic radius are more readily interpreted in terms of gas density variations than are the saturated, nearly thermalized /sup 12/CO lines. The distribution of /sup 13/CO emissivity as a function of galactic radius shows a peak at R=4 to 8 kpc nearly identical to that previously reported for /sup 12/CO. J (/sup 12/CO)/J (/sup 13/CO) =5.5 +- 0.63 determined from analysis of the emissivity at . delta.R=0.5 kpc intervals over the range 3< or =R< or =9 kpc. We thus verify the presence of a high density ring of giant molecular clouds midway between the Sun and the galactic center. The density of molecular hydrogen in this structure exceeds by a factor of 10 that of atomic hydrogen in the same region. Typical column densities of gas (H/sub 2/) observed looking through this ring at lapprox.30/sup 0/ are 4 x 10/sup 22/ cm/sup -2/ or A/sub v/approx.40 mag. These results validate the use of /sup 12/CO line observations for galactic mapping ofmore » the distribution of molecular gas, since the /sup 13/CO and /sup 12/CO emissivities show similar variations on a galactic scale. The similarity of the distribution from the two lines, which are quite disparate in optical depth, suggests that the /sup 12/CO line-integrated intensity in the galactic plane is a measure primarily of the number of clouds, and the temperature in the majority of the galactic plane H/sub 2/ is fairly similar (T/sub k/approx.10 K). The /sup 12/CO//sup 13/CO emissivity ratio changes by less than 40% between R=4 and R=8 kpc, although it is consistent with a constant isotopic abundance ratio within the error limits. « less