Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dispatch of Mobile Resources in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper discusses how to dispatch mobile resources to provide services for users in wireless sensor networks. The sensor nodes are able to dispatch these mobile resources by themselves, when they detect events and need the special services of mobile resources. This paper presents four mobile resource dispatch mechanisms according to two objective functions, where one centralized mechanism and three distributed mechanisms. From the results of simulation, the distributed dispatch mechanisms reduce the more dispatch packet flows than the centralized dispatch mechanism.
Image Deblurring using Segmentation

deblurring is a vastly used technique in image processing and is an interesting task in this field . In this paper an algorithm is proposed for the performance of segmentation to create boundaries of the object under observation. Segmentation of the image is performed to separate the focused object from the blurred background. The image is uniformly blurred by performing kernel estimation of the background image and convoluting it with the focused part of the image. Finally deconvolution is performed on the image in order to obtain a clear image. such as blur angle and blur length that should be known or should be estimated . The blur is corrected by using the technique of inverse filtering. In this paper we propose a method for image deblurring specially for images that have been degraded by motion blur in which the image background has been blurred but the front part is focused. As the important information content of the image is lost due to blurred background, we sometimes have to discard such images. We have worked out with a solution to this problem by segmenting the image to separate the background from the focused object. If segmentation was not performed on the image and uniform blur was not obtained then obtaining satisfactory results would had been a difficult task.Hough transform is performed on the image for the detection of edges . It is powerful and the one of the most global method for the detection of edges in an image. It is a global technique which can be used for detecting edges in the image. It is a feature extraction method which is used in various fields like digital image processing, computer vision etc. The goal of this method is to find objects in the group of certain shapes which are not perfect. It can be used to detect shapes such as circles, ellipses etc in a image. It can also be said that hough transform is the technique of finding parameters from the boundary. The input to the hough transform is a binary edge detected image The hough transform detects straight lines and also detects other types of curve in an image. The advantage that this Hough transform possesses is that it is unaffected by the image noise. It should be noted that the shapes like circle, ellipses can only be determined if the parametric equation for these shapes are known If for example we are considering straight lines in an image, we take a point (x,y) in the image, and the form of all the lines that pass that pass through that pixel is given as follows:
Glutamate as a candidate retrograde messenger at interneurone‐Purkinje cell synapses of rat cerebellum.

1. Depolarization‐induced suppression of inhibition (DSI) is a form of synaptic plasticity which involves a retrograde messenger. We have performed experiments in Purkinje cells of rat cerebellar slices to determine the nature of this messenger. 2. DSI is mimicked by 2‐(2,3‐dicarboxycyclopropyl)‐glycine (DCG‐IV), a specific agonist of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). 3. DSI is reduced if transmitter release is inhibited by saturating doses of DCG‐IV. 4. Both DSI and DCG‐IV‐induced inhibition are inhibited by L‐2‐amino‐3‐phosphonopropionic acid (L‐AP3), a drug which interferes with several subtypes of mGluRs. 5. DSI is reduced if synaptic activity is enhanced by application of forskolin. 6. We propose that glutamate or a glutamate‐like substance is the retrograde messenger implicated in DSI, and that the inhibition resulting from presynaptic glutamate binding is mediated by a decrease in the presynaptic concentration of cAMP.
Performance analysis of RLS based channel estimation in UWB OFDM system

Ultra Wideband (UWB) communication is one of the key technology for high data rate networks over short range communication. The ultra wide bandwidth offers pulses with very short duration that provides frequency diversity and multipath resolution. UWB OFDM communication is proposed for physical layer in the IEEE 802.15. 3a standard which covers wideband communication for wireless personal area networks (WPANs). Channel estimation is very important for OFDM based UWB system because of its coherent demodulation and channel is time varying. This paper proposes a new blind adaptive channel estimation technique based on orthogonal iteration method for UWB OFDM communication. The channel parameters are adaptively estimated in the proposed method which is based on recursive least square method. The proposed method distinguishes itself from many previously reported channel estimation methods by eliminating the training bits, thereby increasing the channel efficiency. The proposed method is compared with LS based blind channel estimation method in various aspects by computer simulations.
Learning to Write IEPs

The Individualized Educational Program (IEP) is the foundation of instruction for individuals with disabilities. Therefore, learning to write and attach meaning to these documents is critical for preservice teachers. This article explores an approach to teaching IEPs during teacher preparation, which encourages preservice teachers to view the IEP as a relevant, purposeful document; reflect on their own learning styles; and consider the impact of the IEP on the learner. Implications for using this approach in teacher education programs are discussed.
Visual enhancement via reinforcement parameter learning for low backlighted display

In this technical brief, we propose a system to enhance the image on low backlighted display in order to save electrical power for mobile devices. In addition to our brightness compensation, we also take human visual perception, such as just-noticeable difference(JND) and saliency, into account. To integrate these characteristics in a system, we need to adjust several parameters. Accordingly, we introduce our reinforcement parameter learning into the system. By taking actions and analyzing rewards, we can train these characteristic parameters off-line and test the image online. Experimental results show that our visual enhancement via reinforcement parameter learning outperforms the existing systems.
Association of physical activity and bone: influence of vitamin D receptor genotype.

PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate the interaction between leisure physical activity and a BsmI polymorphism at the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene on the modulation of bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS We studied 575 unrelated healthy postmenopausal women. Lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and results were expressed as age-and-weight-adjusted (Z-score). VDR BsmI genotype was determined by polymerase reaction chain on peripheral blood leukocytes. RESULTS Overall, no significant association was found between the level of leisure physical activity or VDR genotypes and adjusted BMD at both bone sites. However, in active women, there was a trend for an association between VDR genotypes and adjusted BMD at the lumbar spine. Active women, who exercised three times or more a week, carrying the "bb" genotype had a lower BMD at the lumbar spine than active women carrying "BB" genotype (ANOVA; P = 0.04). No significant difference in crude or adjusted BMD at both bone sites was found between VDR genotypes in sedentary or moderately active women. Furthermore, classification of women according to the median-age of the sample (63.1 yr) revealed a significant interaction between the level of leisure physical activity and VDR genotype on adjusted lumbar spine BMD in the older active postmenopausal women (N = 137). Older active women carrying the "bb" genotype showed a lower adjusted BMD at the lumbar spine compared with active women carrying the "BB" genotype (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION These results suggested that gene-environment interactions such as leisure physical activity and VDR genotype may play a role in maintaining the BMD at the lumbar spine in active postmenopausal women, especially in older active women.
Slimness and self‐rated sexual attractiveness: Comparisons of men and women in two cultures

The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and self‐rated sexual attractiveness was studied on the basis of representative surveys of adult populations in Finland and in St. Petersburg in order to find out whether the body ideals related to sexuality differ in the two cultures. Data were analyzed by calculating correlations and by conducting regression analyses. In both countries, the connection between BMI and sexual attractiveness was stronger for women than men. St. Petersburg men were the only group in which thin people did not rate themselves as sexually more attractive than corpulent people. Regression analyses showed that (a) the impact of BMI on sexual attractiveness was not totally caused by the controlling variable age; (b) the hypothesized mediating variables, sexual activity and satisfaction, did not diminish the relationship between BMI and sexual attractiveness; and (c) the relationship was stronger in Finland than in St. Petersburg.
Influence of Self-Efficacy on Self-Regulation and Performance among Junior and Senior High-School Age Students

The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of self-efficacy on actual self-regulation during a verbal concept formation task of students, already known to be of average or above average cognitive ability, at two grade levels. Following the assessment of self-efficacy, students were observed while they attempted to solve four problems of varying difficulty. The major findings were that irrespective of differences in school grade and in cognitive ability, self-efficacy exerted significant influence on various aspects of self-regulation, such as monitoring of working time, task persistence, and rejection of correct hypotheses, as well as on performance. These results provided support for the construct validity of self-efficacy as different from cognitive competence.
A High Speed Channel Field Test Scheme Based on Additional Baseband Processor

Field test in high speed environments is very difficult. To make the field test more feasible, this paper presents a scheme to extend the low speed field test system to estimate the measured data in high speed condition through an additional baseband processor, without changing the major parts of the base stations. The additional baseband processor changes the characteristics of the low speed signal through adding proper Doppler shift into the signal. In this paper, the system is introduced and the baseband model is discussed in detail. Simulation results are presented and discussed. And the hardware simulation plan is also presented.
Unstable QT Interval Dynamics Precedes Ventricular Tachycardia Onset in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Novel Approach to Detect Instability in QT Interval Dynamics From Clinical ECG

Background— Instability in ventricular repolarization in the presence of premature activations (PA) plays an important role in arrhythmogenesis. However, such instability cannot be detected clinically. This study developed a methodology for detecting QT interval (QTI) dynamics instability from the ECG and explored the contribution of PA and QTI instability to ventricular tachycardia (VT) onset. Methods and Results— To examine the contribution of PAs and QTI instability to VT onset, ECGs of 24 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 12 of whom had sustained VT (VT) and 12 nonsustained VT (NSVT), were used. From each patient ECG, 2 10-minute-long ECG recordings were extracted, 1 right before VT onset (onset epoch) and 1 at least 1 hour before it (control epoch). To ascertain how PA affects QTI dynamics stability, pseudo-ECGs were calculated from an MRI-based human ventricular model. Clinical and pseudo-ECGs were subdivided into 1-minute recordings (minECGs). QTI dynamics stability of each minECG was assessed with a novel approach. Frequency of PAs (fPA) and the number of minECGs with unstable QTI dynamics (Nus) were determined for each patient. In the VT group, fPA and Nus of the onset epoch were larger than in control. Positive regression relationships between fPA and Nus were identified in both groups. The simulations showed that both fPA and the PA degree of prematurity contribute to QTI dynamics instability. Conclusions— Increased PA frequency and QTI dynamics instability precede VT onset in patients with acute myocardial infarction, as determined by novel methodology for detecting instability in QTI dynamics from clinical ECGs.
Addressing systems verification of autonomous systems through Bi-directional model transformations: A systems model driven architecture approach

This paper presents a domain modeling approach that employs novel bi-directional model transformations to enable the verification of an autonomous system's functions and performance. The innovative systems based model driven architecture approach allows important aspects of systems engineering to be undertaken closer to deployment, when the conditions under which the system is to be used will be more readily apparent. Such autonomous systems will be tasked at increasingly abstract levels, and their performance will be influenced by the environment in which they operate and the nature of the goals they have been set. Our approach is not restricted to autonomous systems and can be applied to other types of complex system.
Social Movements and New Media

This article explores the contention that social movements are a significant social force transforming societies through their engagement with new media, such as the Internet, Web 2.0, and digital communications, which are seen as capable of facilitating new power structures. Utilizing della Porta and Diani’s framework, it considers how new media technologies may be shaping the structure, identity, opportunity, and protest dimensions of social movements. It concludes by suggesting that new media does offer important opportunities for cost-effective networking, interpretive framing, mobilization, and repertoires of protest action. However, their adoption does not represent the creation of entirely new virtual social movements but rather a new means of providing existing social movement organisations, local activist networks, and street-level protest with a trans-national capacity to collaborate, share information, and communicate with a wider audience. Such new media-enabled social action is both more congruent with a politics of identity but may also increasingly be competing within a media environment saturated by user-generated content.
Design and optimization of embedded power chip modules for double-sided cooling

This work presents a simple experimental method to obtain accurate characterization of double-sided cooling in single embedded power chip modules (EPCM), based on a simple experimental method using temperature cooling-down curve measurement. A one-dimensional thermal network is employed to describe the thermal characterizations of all layers and inter-layers of the single power packaging chip modules. 3-D simulation by means of Ideas software is used to evaluate the accuracy of the one-dimensional thermal network. The experimental based one-dimensional thermal network is shown to provide a powerful tool for the design and optimization of the embedded power chip packaging for double-sided cooling.
Delay-dependent exponential stability of stochastic systems with time-varying delay, nonlinearity, and Markovian switching

The problem of delay-dependent stability in the mean square sense for stochastic systems with time-varying delays, Markovian switching and nonlinearities is investigated. Both the slowly time-varying delays and fast time-varying delays are considered. Based on a linear matrix inequality approach, delay-dependent stability criteria are derived by introducing some relaxation matrices which can be chosen properly to lead to a less conservative result. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the method and significant improvement of the estimate of stability limit over some existing results in the literature.
Individual and Contextual Correlates of Adolescent Health and Well-Being

Assessing a broad positive outcome such as well-being presents numerous challenges and empirical investigations are limited. This study used an eco-interactional-developmental perspective based on risk and protective factors to examine individual and contextual correlates of health and well-being in a sample of 20,749 ethnically diverse middle and high school students. School fixed-effects regression analyses modeling a composite measure of well-being as a function of youth, peer, family, school, and neighborhood characteristics indicated that the measure was most stable when modeled as a global (vs. domain specific) composite. relational (vs. expectation and behavioral) characteristics of parental and peer involvement were more influential in predicting adolescent well-being. The implications for interventions striving to enhance well-being across developmental transitions are discussed.
No polity for old politics? A framework for analyzing the politicization of European Integration

Abstract In the literature on European integration, politicization as concept is often attributed major importance. This article shows how the literature variously discusses the politicization of European Union (EU) institutions, the politicization of EU decision‐making processes or the politicization of EU issues. Similarly, the literature attributes three different functions to politicization: it functions to crystallize opposing advocacy coalitions, to raise the question of legitimacy and to alter the course of European integration. Despite this diversity, this article argues we are in fact dealing with an encompassing process. To further our understanding of politicization of European integration, politicization as process is defined as an increase in polarization of opinions, interests or values and the extent to which they are publicly advanced towards policy formulation within the EU. Furthermore, attention is directed to practices of representative claims‐making in the public sphere through which .
A Comprehensive Habit Diagram for Atmospheric Ice Crystals: Confirmation from the Laboratory, AIRS II, and Other Field Studies

Abstract Recent laboratory experiments and in situ observations have produced results in broad agreement with respect to ice crystal habits in the atmosphere. These studies reveal that the ice crystal habit at −20°C is platelike, extending to −40°C, and not columnar as indicated in many habit diagrams found in atmospheric science journals and texts. These diagrams were typically derived decades ago from laboratory studies, some with inherent habit bias, or from combinations of laboratory and in situ observations at the ground, observations that often did not account for habit modification by precipitation from overlying clouds of varying temperatures. Habit predictions from these diagrams often disagreed with in situ observations at temperatures below −20°C. More recent laboratory and in situ studies have achieved a consensus on atmospheric ice crystal habits that differs from the traditional habit diagrams. These newer results can now be combined to give a comprehensive description of ice crystal habits .
On learnability, empirical foundations, and naturalness

s Connectionist models provide a promising alternative to the traditional computational approach that has for several decades dominated cognitive science and artificial intelligence, although the nature of connectionist models and their relation to symbol processing remains controversial. Connectionist models can be characterized by three general computational features: distinct layers of interconnected units, recursive rules for updating the strengths of the connections during learning, and "simple" homogeneous computing elements. Using just these three features one can construct surprisingly elegant and powerful models of memory, perception, motor control, categorization, and reasoning. What makes the connectionist approach unique is not its variety of representational possibilities (including "distributed representations") or its departure from explicit rule-based models, or even its preoccupation with the brain metaphor. Rather, it is that connectionist models can be used to explore systematically the complex interaction between learning and representation, as we try to demonstrate through the analysis of several large networks.
Developing and Testing a Tourism Impact Scale

A 35-item tourism impact scale was developed. It was de rived from an initial pool of 147 impact items drawn from personal interviews and the literature, and it was refined us ing classical scale-development procedures. The scale com prises seven domains: social and cultural, economic, crowd ing and congestion, environmental, services, taxes, and community attitudes, although the latter two domains did not always emerge as independent factors. Testing was under taken with three independent samples drawn from communi ties exhibiting different tourism characteristics. The scale was demonstrated to have dimensional distinctiveness and stability, internal consistency, content validity, and conver gent validity. Tourism impacts were assessed by measuring both belief and affect toward the impact attributes.
Pharmacist Competences and Impact of Pharmacist Intervention on Medication Adherence: an Observational Study.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to determine the results of pharmacist interventions on patient's adherence to drugs in community settings. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study was designed using a standard EQ-SDQ questionnaire and a Culig questionnaire about the adherence to drug. General Level Framework (GLF) was used as a tool for competence assessment among community pharmacists. Participants were pharmacists that issued the medication on repeat prescription in the pharmacy. They interviewed the patient at the first visit to the pharmacy and the next time when the patient came to refill the prescription. The survey was conducted during a two-month period in the Atlantic Pharma pharmacy chain. A total of 152 patients were included at the first visit and 87 patients at the second visit. RESULTS About two thirds of patients (65.5%) identified themselves as adherent during the first survey, and this number increased slightly during the second interview (by 3.5%), but not statistically significant (p=0.75). A total number of drugs prescribed during the first and second survey was 252 and 253 respectively. The percentage of the advices given to the patients increased during the second survey, but not statistically significant (p=0.62). CONCLUSION It is definitely important to check that a patient understands current disease and what are doubts and difficulties in taking a therapy. The reasons for possible nonadherence are different: fears, worsening of the clinical state or other negative treatment outcomes. Enough time should always be left to clarify anything that is unclear and to listen. Application of GLF program for improving pharmacist competences resulted in slightly increased patient adherence to medication. For further development of competences, pharmacist intervention should include some other contents, i.e. tailoring the dosage scheme, counselling about drug-drug and drug-food interactions. The pharmacist counseling should be reimbursed by the Croatian Health Insurance Fund.