Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Who are we? My club? My people? My state? The dilemma of the Arab soccer fan in Israel

This paper deals with the problematic identity of the Arab male fans of Bnei Sakhnin F.C. , which is an Arab soccer club in the city of Sakhnin, Israel. Seemingly, the Bnei Sakhnin F.C. male fan identifies with his club for the same reasons as every other football fan in Israel. However, as an Arab and minority in a state that is in continuous strife with his people – the Palestinians – his fandom and hence his identity as a fan is inevitably affected. The Arab fan of Bnei Sakhnin cannot rest his identity on the club alone. The Arabs’ status in Israel, which is imported to the football stadium, stems from identity being heavily connected to ethnicity/nationality. In essential ways, the Arab male fan cannot separate his identity with the club from his ethnicity/nationality. He is foremost an Arab and then a football fan. Consequently, the football league becomes a constant dilemma of identification by posing the question of “Who are we? ”
Do Vehicles on Highways Help to Predict the Malaysian Stock Market

The study proposes a theorem on the predictability of stock prices by using highway traffic as a variable. Using the Malaysian data and Granger causality approach, this study suggests that vehicles on highways help to predict the Malaysian stock prices. This study adds to the literature by finding the hidden variable in predicting the stock market prices. This finding also indicates informational inefficiency in the Malaysian stock market.
A Confidence Interval Approach for Variance Component Estimates in the Context of Generalizability Theory

The accuracy of the conclusions drawn from applications of generalizability theory are largely a function of the accuracy of the statistics resulting from a G study analysis. Previous research has shown that errors in variance component estimation due to sampling are often larger than one might suspect. This is particularly true when small samples are used and for complex designs such as multifaceted G studies. For such designs, confidence intervals for variance component estimates could be of great benefit to researchers using G theory. The present study uses Monte Carlo methods to explore the accuracy of a method for establishing confidence intervals for variance component estimates. The results indicate that the technique is only moderately accurate, but if used with caution can guide the researcher as to the accuracy of his/her estimates.
University of Groningen Whole-brain functional connectivity during emotional word classification in medication-free Major Depressive Disorder

Citation for published version (APA): van Tol, M-J., Veer, I. M. , van der Wee, N. J. A. , Aleman, A. , van Buchem, M. A. , Rombouts, S. A. R. B. , . Johnstone, T. (2013). Whole-brain functional connectivity during emotional word classification in medication-free Major Depressive Disorder: Abnormal salience circuitry and relations to positive emotionality. NeuroImage. Clinical, 2, 790-796. DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl. 2013.05. 012
Unimpaired Short-term Memory and Rhyme Judgement in Congenitally Speechless Individuals: Implications for the Notion of “Articulatory Coding”

In normal adults, concurrent articulation impairs short-term memory, abolishing both the phonological similarity effect and the word length effect when visual presentation is used. It also interferes with ability to judge whether visually presented words rhyme. It is generally assumed that concurrent articulation impairs performance because it prevents people from recoding material into an articulatory form. If this is the explanation, then individuals who are congenitally speechless (anarthric) or speech-impaired (dysarthric) should show the same impairments as normal individuals who are concurrently articulating—i.e. they should have reduced memory spans, fail to show word length and phonological similarity effects in short-term memory, and find rhyme judgement difficult. These predictions were tested in a study of 48 cerebral palsied individuals: 12 anarthric, 12 dysarthric, and 24 controls individually matched to the speech-impaired subjects. There was no impairment of memory span in speech-impaired subjects, who showed normal phonological similarity and word-length effects in short-term memory. Speech-impaired subjects did not differ from their controls in ability to tell whether names of pairs of pictures rhymed. These results challenge the notion that “articulatory coding” is implicated in short-term memory and rhyme judgement and suggests that processes such as rehearsal and phonemic segmentation involve generation of a more abstract central phonological code.
Heterologous antiserum to mouse thymus-derived lymphocytes.

By immunization of rabbits with mouse thymocyte membranes, antisera were obtained which reacted, after proper absorption, with 95 to 100% of mouse thymocytes and 35 to 40% of mouse spleen lymphocytes as shown by immunofluorescence and cytotoxic testing. After absorption of such antisera with mouse thymocytes of different θ-allotypes and mouse spleen lymphocytes pretreated with isologous anti-θ serum and complement, the remaining antigen(s) detected by heterologous antisera appeared to be distinct from the θ-alloantigen but present on the same population of spleen lymphocytes. The simultaneous use of two in vitro tests whereby both humoral and cellular immune responses can be demonstrated in the same animal with one alloantigen shows that the differentiation antigen detected is specific for thymus derived Tlymphocytes.
Resolving cryptic species of Bossiella (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) using contemporary and historical DNA.

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Phenotypic plasticity and convergent evolution have long complicated traditional morphological taxonomy. Fortunately, DNA sequences provide an additional basis for comparison, independent of morphology. Most importantly, by obtaining DNA sequences from historical type specimens, we are now able to unequivocally match species names to genetic groups, often with surprising results. METHODS We used an integrative taxonomic approach to identify and describe Northeast Pacific pinnately branched species in the red algal coralline genus Bossiella, for which traditional taxonomy recognized only one species, the generitype, Bossiella plumosa. We analyzed DNA sequences from historical type specimens and modern topotype specimens to assign species names and to identify genetic groups that were different and that required new names. Our molecular taxonomic assessment was followed by a detailed morphometric analysis of each species. KEY RESULTS Our study of B. plumosa revealed seven pinnately branched Bossiella species. Three species, B. frondescens, B. frondifera, and B. plumosa, were assigned names based on sequences from type specimens. The remaining four species, B. hakaiensis, B. manzae, B. reptans, and B. montereyensis, were described as new to science. In most cases, there was significant overlap of morphological characteristics among species. CONCLUSIONS This study underscores the pitfalls of relying upon morpho-anatomy alone to distinguish species and highlights our likely underestimation of species worldwide. Our integrative taxonomic approach can serve as a model for resolving the taxonomy of other plant and algal genera.
Effect of Abolishment of the Use of Antimicrobial Agents for Growth Promotion on Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Fecal Enterococci from Food Animals in Denmark

ABSTRACT From 1995 to 2000, a total of 673 Enterococcus faeciumand 1,088 Enterococcus faecalis isolates from pigs together with 856 E. faecium isolates from broilers were isolated and tested for susceptibility to four classes of antimicrobial agents used for growth promotion as part of the Danish program of monitoring for antimicrobial resistance. The four antimicrobials were avilamycin, erythromycin, vancomycin, and virginiamycin. Major changes in the use of antimicrobial agents for growth promotion have occurred during the last 6 years in Denmark. The government banned the use of avoparcin in 1995 and of virginiamycin in 1998. Furthermore, the producers have voluntarily stopped all use beginning in 1999. The avoparcin ban in 1995 was followed by a decrease in the occurrence of glycopeptide-resistant E. faecium (GRE) in broilers, from 72.7% in 1995 to 5.8% in 2000. The occurrence of glycopeptide resistance among isolates from pigs remained constant at around 20% from 1995 to 1997. It was shown that, in GRE from pigs, the genes encoding macrolide and glycopeptide resistance were genetically linked and that, following the decrease in the use of tylosin during 1998 and 1999, the occurrence of GRE in pigs decreased to 6.0% in 2000. From 1995 to 1997 the occurrence of erythromycin resistance among E. faecium and E. faecalis isolates from pigs was almost 90%. Use of tylosin decreased considerably during 1998 and 1999, and this decrease was followed by decreases in the occurrence of resistance to 46.7 and 28.1% among E. faecium and E. faecalis isolates from pigs, respectively. Erythromycin resistance among E. faecium isolates from broilers reached a maximum of 76.3% in 1997 but decreased to 12.7% in 2000 concomitantly with more limited use of virginiamycin. Use of virginiamycin increased from 1995 to 1997 and was followed by an increased occurrence of virginiamycin resistance among E. faecium isolates in broilers, from 27.3% in 1995 to 66.2% in 1997. In January 1998 the use of virginiamycin was banned in Denmark, and the occurrence of virginiamycin resistance decreased to 33.9% in 2000. Use of avilamycin increased from 1995 to 1996 and was followed by an increase in avilamycin resistance among E. faeciumisolates from broilers, from 63.6% in 1995 to 77.4% in 1996. Since 1996 avilamycin usage has decreased, followed by a decrease in resistance to 4.8% in 2000. Our observations show that it is possible to reduce the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in a national population of food animals when the selective pressure is removed. Cases in which resistance to vancomycin was linked to resistance to erythromycin were exceptions. In such cases resistance did not decrease until the use of both avoparcin and tylosin was limited.
Women and the Conquest of California, 1542-1840: Codes of Silence (review)

This brings me to the two minor quibbles that I have. Although the introductions to the parts and chapters are well executed, they tend to be no more than two pages and half a page respectively, leaving this reader hungry, or at least peckish, for more commentary, even in the form of notes (of which there are none on the sources themselves). This may be more of a tribute to the attraction of the volume than a criticism of it. My other quibble relates to the quality of the illustrations, some of which have a photocopied look and could be larger and crisper; above all (and here we enter into admittedly pedantic territory) the use of editorial drawings of the glyphs in Landa's Relation, instead of facsimiles of the originals, seems unfortunate in view of George Stuart's 1988 study of the inadequacy of published reproductions of Landa's glyphs (an article cited by HCS in this volume).
Using a self-organizing neural network for wafer defect inspection

Wafer defect inspection is an important process before die packaging. The defective regions are usually identified through visual judgment with the aid of a scanning electron microscope. Five to ten people visually check wafers and hand-mark their defective regions. By this means, potential misjudgment may be introduced due to human fatigue. In addition, the process can incur significant personnel costs. Self-organizing neural networks (SONN) have been proven to have the capabilities of auto-clustering. Automated wafer inspection based on a self-organizing neural network is proposed to replace the traditional electrical testing and the human inspection process. Based on real world data, experimental results show that the proposed method successfully identifies the defective regions on wafers with good performances.
A Multi-Viewpoint Image Matching Method Based on Invariant Descriptors

Image matching is the process of matching corresponding features of the same scene taken at different viewpoints, different times or by different sensors. In multi-viewpoint image matching, there are significantly geometric deformations and difference of content between reference and sensed images in the same scene. So, they increase much more difficulties for image matching. Generally, feature-based matching methods are applied in multi-viewpoint image field, because they are sufficiently stable when images have various complex deformations. However, it is not enough to represent one local region using single characterization. The result of multiple ones can usually obtain high distinction for each feature within the whole local region than any single characterization. In this paper, by virtue of human vision matching principle, a globally discriminative characterization is mentioned and added to SIFT descriptor. Invariant descriptors obtained can increase the distinctiveness of detected feature for image matching. It also makes certain progress in 3D scene image. Especially, in order to attain accurate descriptor, we adopt an adaptive smoothing method and Gabor filter. The advantage of them is that they can preserve edge information while image has noise and rotate change. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed method is effective and particularly the number of correct matches is increased compared to SIFT method. KeywordsMulti-viewpoint; Global characterization; Gabor filter; Adaptive smoothing; SIFT; Invariant descriptors
Welchen Einfluss haben die Präsentationsmodalität und Modalitätspräferenzen auf die kognitive Verarbeitung von Text mit Bildern

Zusammenfassung. Texte und Bilder stellen weitverbreitete Reprasentationsformen bei der Wissensvermittlung dar. Neuere computerbasierte Lehr- und Lernumgebungen bieten die Moglichkeit, die Textinformation als Hortext oder als Lesetext anzubieten. Bislang wurde nicht ausreichend untersucht, welchen Einfluss die Prasentationsmodalitat und Modalitatspraferenzen auf die Konstruktion mentaler Reprasentationen bei der kognitiven Verarbeitung von Text mit Bildern haben. In der vorliegenden Arbeit lernten 68 Personen Informationen uber eine Stadt und verschiedene Parteien mit Hilfe von Lesetext und Bildern oder Hortext und Bildern. Neben der Modalitat der Textprasentation wurde auch die Art der Stichprobe variiert, da davon ausgegangen wurde, dass Lehrlinge und Studenten sich auf Grund der Tatigkeit und des Bildungsniveaus hinsichtlich ihrer Modalitatspraferenz unterscheiden. Zudem wurde versucht, Modalitatspraferenzen uber Selbsteinschatzungen anhand eines Fragebogens zu erfassen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Hor.
Online Handwritten Kannada Word Recognizer with Unrestricted Vocabulary

In this paper, we propose a novel heuristic approach to segment recognizable symbols from online Kannada word data and perform recognition of the entire word. Two different estimates of first derivative are extracted from the preprocessed stroke groups and used as features for classification. Estimate 2 proved better resulting in 88\% accuracy, which is 3\% more than that achieved with estimate 1. Classification is performed by statistical dynamic space warping (SDSW) classifier which uses X, Y co-ordinates and their first derivatives as features. Classifier is trained with data from 40 writers. 295 classes are handled covering Kannada aksharas, with Kannada numerals, Indo-Arabic numerals, punctuations and other special symbols like \$ and \#. Classification accuracies obtained are 88\% at the akshara level and 80\% at the word level, which shows the scope for further improvement in segmentation algorithm.
Three standard errors of measurement and the Wechsler memory scale-revised

This article provides tables to aid interpretation of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R). It is argued that the value of Wechsler's table of standard errors of measurement (SEM) and his table of significant differences between index scores are limited. A revised table of SEMs is given for defining confidence intervals as they bracket predicted true scores. A revised table of significant index-score differences is also provided. All values are based on WMS-R manual data for the standardization sample
Medical physical examination in connection with torture.

The major content theme is divided into different organ systems that will be described with regard to the acute and somatic conse- quences of torture here and in the following two issues. The examination can have two purposes: in order to treat health problems and in or- der to document torture allegations. But physical examination for health problems cannot stand alone. It is not possible to look at a human being as a machine and limit ourselves to detection of physical machinery problems. Examination of torture survivors must look at the person from a holistic point of view, including physical, mental and social functioning. Other facts indirectly caused by torture may be taken into consideration: Tor- ture survival is often followed by refugee sta- tus. To be a refugee in itself has an influence on one's health, and mental problems have somatic consequences. When dealing with torture, the definition of the UN Convention against Torture is used. Section I contains:  Literature review  Pitfalls  Skin lesions
Formal Modeling and Verification of Trusted OLSR Protocol Using I-SPIN Model Checker

An ad hoc network is a momentary network set up by the self-managed nodes that operate and communicate randomly with or without a little support of a network infrastructure. Due to security vulnerabilities ad hoc networks are defenseless against attacks of malicious nodes as the nodes in these networks are not secured by firewalls. In order to enhance the security of conventional OLSR Protocol trust is incorporated as additional security measure in the functioning of the protocol. To validate the improved version of the protocol a technique of formal modeling and verification is used by the utilization of established Model Checker I-SPIN and PROMELA language for validation of Trusted Optimized link state Protocol (TOLSR).
Dysfunction of Lacrimal and Salivary Glands in Sjögren's Syndrome: Nonimmunologic Injury in Preinflammatory Phase and Mouse Model

Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by dry eyes and dry mouth due to dacryoadenitis and sialoadenitis with SS-A/Ro and/or SS-B/La autoantibodies in genetically predisposed individuals. Destruction of lacrimal and salivary glands by autoimmune reactions may lead to clinical manifestation. However, the mechanisms behind the decreased volume of secretions in tears and saliva are complex and are not fully understood. Exocrine gland dysfunction may precede autoimmunity (acquired immunity) or represent a process independent from inflammation in the pathogenesis of SjS. The preceded functional and morphologic changes of those tissues by nonimmunologic injury before the development of inflammation at the sites of target organs have been implicated. This paper focuses on the several factors and components relating to glandular dysfunction and morphologic changes by nonimmunologic injury during the preinflammatory phase in mouse model, including the factors which link between innate immunity and adaptive immunity.
Disease Knowledge and Adherence to Treatment in Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Background: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most common genetic metabolic disorders and is associated with a high risk of premature coronary heart disease. Primary prevention directed at lifestyle changes, combined with preventive medical treatment, is the most important way to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease in individuals with FH. Knowledge about the condition and adherence to drug treatment may facilitate reaching treatment goals. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe disease knowledge and adherence to treatment in patients with FH. Subjects and methods: Seventy-four patients, more than 18 years of age, with FH were asked to participate. A questionnaire on disease knowledge about FH and adherence to drug treatment was sent to the patients. Response rate was 92% (n = 68). Drug treatment, laboratory results, blood pressure, and smoking were also documented. Results: Most patients knew about cholesterol, prevention, and the reason for drug treatment but were less informed about the risk of genetic transmission and family history. No significant correlation was found between knowledge and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. A significant, negative correlation between adherence and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was found (r = −.354, P < .01). Conclusions: Patients with FH had scant understanding about the risk of genetic transmission and family history. High adherence to drug prescription has significant correlation to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level.
Europeanisation and post-peasant populism in Eastern Europe

Abstract On the basis of an examination of rural social structure, traditionalist narratives and an agrarian imaginary resulting from uneven development, this article investigates the forms of political mobilisation which materialise in East European politics as ‘post-peasant populism’. Focusing on grassroots mobilisation, an analysis of the annual Corpus Christi ritual in the city of Przemyśl, south-east Poland, serves as the basis for an exploration of the theme of socially sensitive post-peasant populism as an alternative to post-socialist capitalism. This populism relies on the politicisation of the rural past and is currently influenced by ‘Europeanisation’.
On shortest paths in polyhedral spaces

We consider the problem of computing the shortest path between two points in two- or three-dimensional space bounded by polyhedral surfaces. In the 2-D case the problem is easily solved in time <italic>O</italic>(<italic>n</italic><supscrpt>2</supscrpt> log <italic>n</italic>). In the general 3-D case the problem is quite hard to solve, and is not even discrete; we present a doubly-exponential procedure for solving the discrete subproblem of determining the sequence of boundary edges through which the shortest path passes. The main result of this paper involves a favorable special case of the 3-D shortest path problem, namely that of finding the shortest path between two points along the surface of a convex polyhedron. We analyze this problem and solve it in time <italic>O</italic>(<italic>n</italic><supscrpt>3</supscrpt> log <italic>n</italic>).
Comparative Analysis of Exon Skipping Patterns in Human and Mouse

Alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs is a major mechanism of generating protein diversity in higher eukaryotes. It is well known that one of the major forms of alternative splicing is exon skipping, which alternatively skips specific exon during splicing. Previous research, by Miriami and his colleagues, was conducted by using a statistical method to identify two motifs both in upstream and downstream introns that were associated with exon skipping events. In this study, we employed pattern branching motif finding algorithm and approximate mining of consensus sequences algorithm. The data mining approach developed in the study showed its strength of being able to completely discover all possible motifs and made itself a more ideal approach compared to Miriami's statistical one. Furthermore, because of the similarities in genes between human and mouse, we compared the two species' motifs in our study. We also discovered the patterns are very likely associated with exon skipping event between human and mouse