Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Opposite Sides of Pantoea agglomerans and Its Associated Commercial Outlook

Multifaceted microorganisms such as the bacterium Pantoea colonize a wide range of habitats and can exhibit both beneficial and harmful behaviors, which provide new insights into microbial ecology. In the agricultural context, several strains of Pantoea spp. can promote plant growth through direct or indirect mechanisms. Members of this genus contribute to plant growth mainly by increasing the supply of nitrogen, solubilizing ammonia and inorganic phosphate, and producing phytohormones (e.g., auxins). Several other studies have shown the potential of strains of Pantoea spp. to induce systemic resistance and protection against pests and pathogenic microorganisms in cultivated plants. Strains of the species Pantoea agglomerans deserve attention as a pest and phytopathogen control agent. Several of them also possess a biotechnological potential for therapeutic purposes (e.g., immunomodulators) and are implicated in human infections. Thus, the differentiation between the harmful and beneficial strains of P. agglomerans is mandatory to apply this bacterium safely as a biofertilizer or biocontroller. This review specifically evaluates the potential of the strain-associated features of P. agglomerans for bioprospecting and agricultural applications through its biological versatility as well as clarifying its potential animal and human health risks from a genomic point of view.
Skilled labour in colonial economies. Recruitment, education and employment in construction companies in German colonial West Africa, c. 1902–1912

ABSTRACT The article offers new insights into the business-historical perspective of German colonial railway construction in West Africa. Two archival case studies of German colonial railroad construction in Cameroon and Togo reveal the relationship and character of training and work in specific colonial contexts at the turn of the century. The case studies demonstrate that skills on construction sites went beyond mere questions of unskilled manual work or education. This article argues that, from a business-historical perspective, not only was the general (mass) availability of unskilled labour power crucial to infrastructural projects in the former German colonies, but also that was a substantial element of skill involved, ranging from literacy to the (technical) pre- and initial training of workers and craftsmen. Moreover, firms struggled to retain (semi-)skilled workers on construction sites for longer periods.
Exploring the effects of pressure on the radial accretion of dark matter by a Schwarzschild supermassive black hole

Based on the numerical solution of the time-dependent relativistic Euler equations onto a fixed Schwarzschild background space-time, we estimate the accretion rate of radial flow toward the horizon of a test perfect fluid obeying an ideal gas equation of state. We explore the accretion rate in terms of the initial density of the fluid for various values of the inflow velocity in order to investigate whether or not sufficiently arbitrary initial conditions allow a steady state accretion process depending on the values of the pressure. We extrapolate our results to the case where the fluid corresponds to dark matter and the black hole is a supermassive black hole seed. Then we estimate the equation of state parameters that provide a steady state accretion process. We found that when the pressure of the dark matter is zero, the black hole’s mass grows up to
Histomorphometrical and CBCT Evaluation of Tissue Loss Progression Induced by Consecutive, Alternate Ligatures in Experimental Peri-Implantitis in a Dog Model: A Pilot Study

Objectives: Soft and hard tissue breakdown was histologically and radiologically assessed around implants with alternate, consecutively placed ligatures on the same edentulous dog hemimandible. The influence of ligatured implants (LI) on adjacent non-ligatured implants (NLI, as a possible naturally induced peri-implantitis) was also evaluated. Material and Methods: Three months after tooth extraction, five dental implants were placed in the dog hemimandible. Two months after abutment placement, ligatures were placed subsequently two months apart on alternate implants, while both intermediate implants were left without ligatures. Ligatures were kept in place during the entire experiment, and no plaque control measures were taken. Eleven months post-implantation, the animal was sacrificed. Undecalcified ground sections were cut, stained with Masson Goldner and MOVAT Pentachrome and evaluated by light microscopy. Soft and hard tissue loss was assessed using histomorphometric and CBCT parameters. Results: All NLI presented deep false peri-implant pockets on the oral aspect and pronounced vertical bone resorption on the buccal aspect. After 2, 4 and 6 months, during the breakdown period, more than 30% of the bone was lost in LI in all directions, while, despite immediate vicinity, NLI displayed less destruction. Intense inflammation, typical for induced peri-implantitis, was present, with similar intensity in LI as NLI, but in different parts of the lesions. Morphometry confirmed intense soft tissue inflammation, more bone resorption and higher amounts of infiltrated connective tissue in LI when compared with NLI. Conclusion: Within the limits of the present pilot study, the adequacy of the experimental dog model based on ligature-induced peri-implantitis was able to be successfully challenged by non-ligature models of spontaneously occurring peri-implant inflammation, while meeting the requirements for experimental designs with a very small numbers of animals. The influence of implants with severe peri-implantitis on adjacent implants resulted in less than expected tissue loss in the latter accession numbers.
METHYL CYANIDE OBSERVATIONS TOWARD MASSIVE PROTOSTARS

We report the results of a survey in the CH3CN J = 12 → 11 transition toward a sample of massive proto-stellar candidates. The observations were carried out with the 10 m Submillimeter Telescope on Mount Graham, AZ. We detected this molecular line in 9 out of 21 observed sources. In six cases this is the first detection of this transition. We also obtained full beam sampled cross-scans for five sources which show that the lower K-components can be extended on the arcminute angular scale. The higher K-components, however, are always found to be compact with respect to our 36″ beam. A Boltzmann population diagram analysis of the central spectra indicates CH3CN column densities of about 1014 cm−2, and rotational temperatures above 50 K, which confirms these sources as hot molecular cores. Independent fits to line velocity and width for the individual K-components resulted in the detection of an increasing blueshift with increasing line excitation for four sources. Comparison with mid-infrared (mid-IR) images from the SPITZER GLIMPSE/IRAC archive for six sources show that the CH3CN emission is generally coincident with a bright mid-IR source. Our data clearly show that the CH3CN J = 12 → 11 transition is a good probe of the hot molecular gas near massive protostars, and provide the basis for future interferometric studies.
On the co-evolution of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies since z= 3

To investigate the evolution in the relation between galaxy stellar and central black hole mass, we identify a population of 508 X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) at 0.4 10 10.5 M� , and specific X-ray luminosities LX > 2.35 × 10 43 erg s −1 at 0.4 2.35 × 10 43 erg s −1 ) rises with redshift from 1.2 ± 0.2 per cent at z = 0.7 to 7.4± 2.0 per cent at z = 2.5. We use our results to calculate the maximum time-scales for which our sample of AGN can continue to accrete at their observed rates before surpassing the local galaxy–black hole mass relation. We use these time-scales to calculate the total fraction of massive galaxies which will be active (with LX > 2.35 × 10 43 erg s −1 ) since z = 3, finding that at least ∼40 per cent of all massive galaxies will be Seyfert luminosity AGN or brighter during this epoch. Further, we calculate the energy density due to AGN activity in the Universe as 1.0 (±0.3) × 10 57 erg Mpc −3 Gyr −1 , potentially providing a significant source of energy for AGN feedback on star formation. We also use this method to compute the evolution in the X-ray luminosity density of AGN with redshift, finding that massive galaxy Seyfert luminosity AGN are the dominant source of X-ray emission in the Universe at z < 3.
Test For Structural Change in Vector Error Correction Models

In this paper we suggest a test for cointegration rank when change point is known and model has possibility that cointegration vector is changed. We consider possibility that cointegration rank is changed. In the test, we separate sample at given change point and estimate the model at twice for each sub sample. We use the estimation method that Johansen(1988,1991) proposed. This test statistics are based on the likelihood ratio. By the test we are able to test cointegration rank which is possibly changed. In addition, we are able to easily estimate the rank at changing cointegration vector and loading factor.
Characteristics of Ozone Pollution and the Impacts of Related Meteorological Factors in Shanxi Province, China

Based on environmental monitoring data and meteorological observation data of the Chinese major energy province, Shanxi, from 2015 to 2020, using the satellite remote sensing data of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Instrument (AIRS) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) in 2017, we analyzed the characteristics of surface ozone (O3) pollution and its correlation with meteorological factors, as well as the vertical distribution of O3 in typical pollution cities in Shanxi Province. The results showed that surface O3 became the primary pollutant in Shanxi. Surface O3 has shown a zonal distribution with a high level in the south and a low level in the north region since 2017. Surface O3 pollution was severe in 2019, and the maximum daily 8 h running average of O3 (MDA8 O3) decreased, but annual mean O3 in northern and central regions showed a slow rising trend in 2020. Comprehensive analyses of the influence of meteorological factors on surface O3 indicated that O3 pollution in Linfen, Yuncheng and Taiyuan was mainly caused by local photochemical reactions, while that in Jincheng, Xinzhou, Lvliang and Yangquan resulted from regional transports. O3 volume mixing ratios (VMR) in the middle and lower troposphere generally increased with altitude, peaking at 120 ppbv at approximately 400 hPa. The positive vertical gradient of O3 in the boundary layer was obvious in Taiyuan in summer and significant in the surface layer in Taiyuan and Linfen during winter and spring, which was associated with greater atmospheric dynamic stability and suppressed vertical mixing. Due to the lack of direct detection of O3 in the lower troposphere in this region, O3 vertical distribution retrieved by satellite observation is critical for the study of vertical mixing and transport of local O3, as well as its regional transport characteristics.
The Red Dead Redemption Survey of Circumgalactic Gas about Massive Galaxies. I. Mass and Metallicity of the Cool Phase

We present a search for H i in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of 21 massive ( ), luminous red galaxies (LRGs) at z ∼ 0.5. Using UV spectroscopy of QSO sightlines projected within 500 kpc (∼ ) of these galaxies, we detect H i absorption in 11/21 sightlines, including two partial Lyman limit systems and two Lyman limit systems. The covering factor of gas within the virial radius of these LRGs is , while for optically thick gas ( ) it is . Combining this sample of massive galaxies with previous galaxy-selected CGM studies, we find no strong dependence of the H i covering factor on galaxy mass, although star-forming galaxies show marginally higher covering factors. There is no evidence for a critical mass above which dense, cold (T ∼ 104 K) gas is suppressed in the CGM of galaxies (spanning stellar masses ). The metallicity distribution in LRGs is indistinguishable from those found about lower-mass star-forming galaxies, and we find low-metallicity gas with (1.5% solar) and below about massive galaxies. About half the cases show supersolar [Fe ii/ ] abundances as seen previously in cool gas near massive galaxies. While the high-metallicity cold gas seen in LRGs could plausibly result from condensation from a corona, the low-metallicity gas is inconsistent with this interpretation.
Spike-Based Approximate Backpropagation Algorithm of Brain-Inspired Deep SNN for Sonar Target Classification

With the development of neuromorphic computing, more and more attention has been paid to a brain-inspired spiking neural network (SNN) because of its ultralow energy consumption and high-performance spatiotemporal information processing. Due to the discontinuity of the spiking neuronal activation function, it is still a difficult problem to train brain-inspired deep SNN directly, so SNN has not yet shown performance comparable to that of an artificial neural network. For this reason, the spike-based approximate backpropagation (SABP) algorithm and a general brain-inspired SNN framework are proposed in this paper. The combination of the two can be used for end-to-end direct training of brain-inspired deep SNN. Experiments show that compared with other spike-based methods of directly training SNN, the classification accuracy of this method is close to the best results on MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets and achieves the best classification accuracy on sonar image target classification (SITC) of small sample datasets. Further analysis shows that compared with artificial neural networks, our brain-inspired SNN has great advantages in computational complexity and energy consumption in sonar target classification.
$\beta $-decay Properties of Waiting-point Nuclei for Astrophysical Applications

We report microscopic calculation of key $\beta$-decay properties for some of the crucial waiting point species having neutron closed magic shells 50 and 82. Our calculation bear astrophysical significance vis-\'{a}-vis speeding of the $r$-process. The $\beta$-decay properties include half-lives, energy rates of $\beta$-delayed neutrons and their emission probabilities, both under terrestrial and stellar conditions. We perform a pn-QRPA calculation with a separable multi-shell interaction and include both allowed and unique first-forbidden (U1F) transitions in our calculation. We compare our results with previous calculations and measured data. Our calculation is in good agreement with the experimental data. For certain cases, we noted a significant decrease in the half-life calculation with the contribution of U1F transitions. This is in contradiction to the shell model study where only for $N$ = 126 waiting-point nuclei, the forbidden transitions were reported to significantly reduce the calculated half-lives. Our model fulfills the Ikeda sum rule for even-even cases. For odd-A cases the rule is violated by up to 15$\%$ for $^{125}$Tc.
Fornax3D project: Overall goals, galaxy sample, MUSE data analysis, and initial results

The Fornax cluster provides a uniquely compact laboratory in which to study the detailed history of early-type galaxies and the role played by the environment in driving their evolution and their transformation from late-type galaxies. Using the superb capabilities of the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer on the Very Large Telescope, high-quality integral-field spectroscopic data were obtained for the inner regions of all the bright (mB ≤ 15) galaxies within the virial radius of Fornax. The stellar haloes of early-type galaxies are also covered out to about four effective radii. State-of-the-art stellar dynamical and population modelling allows characterising the disc components of fast-rotating early-type galaxies, constraining radial variations in the stellar initial-mass functions and measuring the stellar age, metallicity, and α-element abundance of stellar haloes in cluster galaxies. This paper describes the sample selection, observations, and overall goals of the survey, and provides initial results based on the spectroscopic data, including the detailed characterisation of stellar kinematics and populations to large radii; decomposition of galaxy components directly via their orbital structure; the ability to identify globular clusters and planetary nebulae, and derivation of high-quality emission-line diagnostics in the presence of complex ionised gas.
The COVID-19 Pandemic, Government Response, and Serbian Stock Market: Evidence from ARDL Cointegration Model

The existence of a real possibility that the current health crisis could lead to an economic crisis has prompted governments worldwide to make great efforts to sustain their markets. This paper explores the im­pact of COVID-19 and Serbian government anti-Covid activities on the do­mestic stock market using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Coin­tegration model. In its research, the paper considers the impact of the num­ber of newly infected and the number of deaths from coronavirus daily, as well as measures taken by governments to combat viruses on the represent­ative Belgrade stock exchange index BELEX15. The results showed a signifi­cant long-term negative impact on the number of deaths per day and inter­national travel control on the BELEX15 index. In terms of reducing the neg­ative consequences of the crisis caused by the global pandemic, these re­sults could be a good guideline for effective management of government measures.
Analysis of Stellar Spectra from LAMOST DR5 with Generative Spectrum Networks

In this study, the fundamental stellar atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, [Fe/H], and [α/Fe]) were derived for low-resolution spectroscopy from LAMOST DR5 with generative spectrum networks (GSN). This follows the same scheme as a normal artificial neural network with stellar parameters as the input and spectra as the output. The GSN model was effective in producing synthetic spectra after training on the PHOENIX theoretical spectra. In combination with Bayes framework, the application for analysis of LAMOST observed spectra exhibited improved efficiency on the distributed-computing platform, Spark. In addition, the results were examined and validated by a comparison with reference parameters from high-resolution surveys and asteroseismic results. Our results show good consistency with the results from other surveys and catalogs. Our proposed method is reliable with a precision of 80 K for Teff, 0.14 dex for log g, 0.07 dex for [Fe/H] and 0.168 dex for [α/Fe], for spectra with a signal-to-noise (S/N) in g bands (S/Ng) higher than 50. The parameters estimated as a part of this work are available at http://paperdata.china-vo.org/GSN_parameters/GSN_parameters. csv.
A walk in the noncommutative garden

This text is written for the volume of the school/conference "Noncommutative Geometry 2005" held at IPM Tehran. It gives a survey of methods and results in noncommutative geometry, based on a discussion of significant examples of noncommutative spaces in geometry, number theory, and physics. The paper also contains an outline (the ``Tehran program'') of ongoing joint work with Consani on the noncommutative geometry of the adeles class space and its relation to number theoretic questions.
Process-Sensitive Naming: Trait Descriptors and the Shifting Semantics of Plant (Data) Science

This paper examines classification practices in the domain of plant data semantics, and particularly methods used to label plant traits to foster the collection, management, linkage and analysis of data about crops across locations—which crucially inform research and interventions on plants and agriculture. The efforts required to share data place in sharp relief the forms of diversity characterizing the systems used to capture the biological and environmental characteristics of plant variants: particularly the biological, cultural, scientific and semantic diversity affecting the identification and description of plant traits, the methods used to generate and process data, and the goals and skills of those with relevant expertise—including farmers and breeders. Through a study of the Crop Ontology (which explicitly recognizes and negotiates diversity) and its application to cassava breeding, I argue for a process-sensitive approach to the naming of plant traits that focuses on documenting environmental processes instead of biological products. I claim that this approach can foster reliable linkage and robust re-use of plant data, while at the same time facilitating dialogue between data scientists, plant researchers, breeders, and other relevant experts in ways that crucially inform agricultural interventions. I conclude that the study of data semantics and related descriptors constitutes a productive and underexplored way to think about the epistemic import of naming traits within plant science. The effort to articulate semantic differences among plant varieties and methods of data processing can generate newly inclusive ways to develop and communicate biological knowledge. In turn, such practices have the potential to defy existing understandings of systematisation and hierarchies of expertise in biology, thus bolstering the extent to which plant science can support biodiversity and sustainable agriculture.
Population synthesis studies of isolated neutron stars with magnetic field decay

We perform population synthesis studies of different types of neutron stars (NSs) (thermally emitting isolated NSs, normal radio pulsars, magnetars) taking into account the magnetic field decay and using results from the most recent advances in NS cooling theory. For the first time, we confront our results with observations using simultaneously the log N-log S distribution for nearby isolated NSs, the log N-log L distribution for magnetars, and the distribution of radio pulsars in the P-P diagram. For this purpose, we fix a baseline NS model (all microphysics input), and other relevant parameters to standard values (velocity distribution, mass spectrum, birth rates, etc.), allowing us to vary the initial magnetic field strength. We find that our theoretical model is consistent with all sets of data if the initial magnetic field distribution function follows a lognormal law with (log (B 0 /G)〉 ∼ 13.25 and σ log B 0 ∼ 0.6. The typical scenario includes about 10 per cent of NSs born as magnetars, significant magnetic field decay during the first million years of a NS life (only about a factor of 2 for low-field NSs but more than an order of magnitude for magnetars), and a mass distribution function dominated by low-mass objects. This model explains satisfactorily all known populations. Evolutionary links between different subclasses may exist, although robust conclusions are not yet possible.
A LGORITHM FOR IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF DATASETS ASSISTED BY K NN

The tinnitus retraining therapy, is to be supported with the help of an algorithm in combination with the kNN algorithm. The neurophysiological model is now used in the training of many audiologists and has found wide application in tinnitus therapy [1]. Tinnitus retraining therapy has been heralded as a major advance in alleviating tinnitus perception [2]. The goal of the research was to reduce the loudness of the tinnitus in study participants for a short period of time so that they could learn to deal with the hearing problems more easily. The algorithm I developed helps with the patient’s decision making and the kNN algorithm predicts the next frequency in each iteration.