Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From User Query to User Model and Back: Adaptive Relevance-Based Visualization for Information Foraging

Adaptive information filtering is a promising tool for both casual Web news readers and professional intelligence analysts. Adaptive filtering augments the traditional query- or profile-based rankings provided by search engines. An interesting research challenge in this context is to offer users more control over the rankings by letting them mediate between the two extremes - query- and profile-based rankings. To address this challenge, we developed an adaptive relevance-based visual exploration tool based on the VIBE (visual information browsing environment) visualization approach, which was previously developed at our School. This paper presents the rationale and functionality of this visual exploration tool and reports the results of its preliminary evaluation.
Dynamics of change of soil physical properties and growth of plants on compacted soils

Dynamics of change of soil physical properties and growth of plants on compacted soils. The aim of the current study was to investigate the continuous compaction effect on soil properties, such as bulk density and penetration resistance and to the spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) growth. The experiments were made on Estonian University of Life Sciences research fi eld at Eerika, near Tartu in 2001–2005. The sandy loam Stagnic Luvisol was compacted by tractor MTZ-82 (total weight 4.9 Mg) by multiple tyre-to-tyre passing. For all that traffi c applied uniformly to cover the entire experimental plots: one time, three times and six times. One plot remained without special compaction as a control. No fertilizers and herbicides were used. After 5 years of compaction by 4.9 Mg tractor there were detected distinguishable subsoil and topsoil compaction. Soil deformation increased with the number of passes and there were no signifi cant differences between one and three times compacted soil in the soil bulk density and penetration resistance. The effect of compaction on soil bulk density was higher when the soil was compacted in wet conditions. Compaction increased the amount of barley shoots but decreased their phytomass more
Scaling of stress drop with recurrence interval and loading velocity for laboratory-derived fault strength relations

[1] The dynamics of a spring-slider system with a single degree of freedom was investigated, focusing on two different rate- and state-dependent friction laws. While the inertia-controlled behavior and stick-slip cycles for a system that obeys the slip law have been extensively simulated, this study presents a comparative study of a system that obeys the slowness law. A key conclusion is that for both friction laws the overall stress drops are linearly related to the logarithm of the loading velocity (and the recurrence time) through the velocity-weakening parameter b − a and normal stress. Relatively higher peak stresses, larger quasi-static stress drop, and larger effective fracture energy are associated with a system that obeys the slowness law. Consequently, the partitioning of stress drop between quasi-static and dynamic slips, as well as dynamic overshoot and strength recovery, varies according to whether the slowness or slip law has been adopted. Analytic approximations were derived that elucidate the interplay of dynamics, energetics, and frictional constitutive behavior in controlling the scaling of stress drops with loading velocity and recurrence time. Seismological implications of the scaling behavior are also discussed.
Growth of alternate bars in unsteady flow

A theoretical model is formulated to investigate the development of the amplitude of alternate bars in unsteady flows. The problem is tackled by means of a weakly nonlinear analysis developed in a neighborhood of the threshold conditions for bar formation. Bar response to unsteady flow is found to depend on a parameter that is a measure of the ratio between the time scale of the basic flow and the time scale of bar growth. The present theory shows that if is O(1), as often occurs in nature, flow unsteadiness affects the instantaneous growth rate and phase of bar perturbations and controls the final amplitude reached by the bed configuration. A procedure for determining the final amplitude for a given flood event is proposed. Flume experiments were performed to test the main theoretical results. The bed response to unsteady flow was measured for different values of the period of the flood. The observed temporal behavior of the bar amplitude proves to be strongly affected by the unsteady character of the flow for of O(1), as predicted by the theory.
MODEL ASESMEN AUTENTIK UNTUK MENILAI HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA (SMP): IMPLEMENTASI ASESMEN AUTENTIK DI SMP

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kondisi guru yang melaksanakan penilaian dan mendeskripsikan kualitas pelaksanaan asesmen autentik di SMP yang berada di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Penelitian tahun pertama ini termasuk penelitian survei dengan rancangan crossectional survey . Penelitian dilaksanakan di 15 SMP yang ada di DIY. Semua instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data, yakni: daftar dokumen, panduan wawancara, lembar observasi, lembar telaah, dan kuesioner termasuk katagori valid dan reliabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi guru yang melaksanakan asesmen autentik masih memerlukan perbaikan dan kualitas pelaksanaan penilaian autentik di SMP yang berada di DIY belum baik. Hal ini ditengarai dengan belum baiknya rancangan penilaian yang tertulis pada Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), baru sebagian kecil guru yang melakukan penilaian kompetensi sikap dalam pembelajaran, baru sebagian kecil guru yang disiplin melakukan penilaian, dan masih sedikit guru yang mempersiapkan perangkat penilaian. Hal ini dikarenakan sebagian besar guru merasa bahwa waktu pelatihan kurang sehingga mereka kurang paham terhadap materi yang dilatihkan, utamanya tentang materi penilaian. Kata kunci: Implementasi, penilaian autentik, SMP AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT MODEL TO ASSESS THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (JHS) STUDENTS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN JHS Abstract The aim of this research is to describe the teachers’condition and the quality of implementation of authentic assessment in JHSes located in Yogyakarta Special Region or Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). This first-year research was considered as a survey research with crossectional survey design. The research was conducted in 15 JHSes in DIY. Those instruments that have been used in this research are: the list of documents, interview guide, observation sheet, inspection sheet, and questionaire are valid and reliabel. The result of this research shows that the implementation of authentic assessment in JHSes located in DIY is not good enough. It is indicated by the less good assessment design written in the lesson plan or Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), which reveals that there is only few of teachers who conduct attitude competence assessment in the learning process, who are disciplined in conducting assessment, and who prepare assessment sets. It is because most teachers feel that the time given for training is insufficient so that the materials trained are less understandable, especially the materials about assessment. Keywords: implementation, authentic assessment, JHS
Eddy response to Southern Ocean climate modes

[1] Interannual variations in Southern Ocean eddy kinetic energy (EKE) are investigated using 16 years of altimetric data. Circumpolar averages show a peak in EKE from 2000 to 2002, 2–3 years after the peak in the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index. Although the SAM forcing is in phase around the circumpolar band, we find the EKE response varies regionally. The strongest EKE is in the Pacific, with energy peaks occurring progressively later toward the east. We suggest that this is due to the presence of two climate modes: SAM and ENSO. When strong positive SAM events coincide with La Nina periods, as in 1999, anomalous meridional wind forcing is enhanced in the South Pacific Ocean, contributing to the observed increase in EKE 2–3 years later. When positive SAM events coincide with El Nino periods, as in 1993, the climate modes are in opposition in the South Pacific, leading to a weak EKE response during the mid-1990s. Numerical modeling supports these observations. By applying different combinations of SAM and ENSO, we can reproduce both the elevated Pacific EKE response to SAM as well as an additional amplification/suppression of EKE during La Nina/El Nino. In general, we find that the EKE response depends on the interplay between wind forcing, topography, and mean flow and produces a strongly heterogeneous distribution in the Southern Ocean.
The infrared cloud ice radiometer (IRCIR)

The Submillimeter-wave and Infrared Ice Cloud Experiment (SIRICE) concept would provide global measurements of ice water path (IWP - the vertically integrated mass of ice particles per unit area), and weighted mean mass particle diameter (Dme). The SIRICE payload consists of two instruments, the Sub-millimeter/Millimeter (SM4) Radiometer, and the Infrared Cloud Ice Radiometer (IRCIR). IRCIR is a compact, low-cost, multi-spectral, wide field of view pushbroom infrared imaging radiometer. IRCIR will employ four IR sensor assemblies to produce 90° cross-track (contiguous along-track) coverage in three spectral bands with a spatial resolution of 0.6 km at nadir. Each IR sensor assembly consists of an uncooled microbolometer focal plane array (FPA), associated sensor core electronics, a stripe filter fixed at the FPA, and an IR lens assembly. A single scene mirror is used to provide two Earth view angles, as well as calibration views of space and the on-board calibration blackbody. The two Earth view angles will be used for stereo cloud height retrievals.
International Joint Ventures and Internal Versus External Technology Transfer: Evidence from China

This paper studies international joint ventures, where foreign direct investment is performed by a foreign and a domestic firm that together set up a new firm, the joint venture. Employing administrative data on all international joint ventures in China from 1998 to 2007—roughly a quarter of all international joint ventures in the world—we find, first, that Chinese firms chosen to be partners of foreign investors tend to be larger, more productive, and more likely subsidized than other Chinese firms. Second, there is substantial international technology transfer not only to the joint venture itself but also to the Chinese joint venture partner firm. Third, with technology spillovers typically outweighing negative competition effects, joint ventures generate net positive externalities to other Chinese firms in the same industry. Joint venture externalities are large, perhaps twice the size of wholly-owned FDI spillovers, and it is R&D-intensive firms, including the joint ventures themselves, that benefit most from these externalities. Furthermore, the positive external joint venture effect is larger if the foreign firm is from the U.S. rather than from Japan or Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, while this effect is virtually absent in broad sectors that include economic activities for which China’s FDI policy has prohibited joint ventures.
Compositional simulation of groundwater contamination by organic compounds: 2. Model applications

The flow and transport of organic compounds in variably saturated porous media is investigated using a compositional simulator. The simulator incorporates a number of numerical options to maximize computational efficiency and accuracy. The effect of field scale heterogeneities on the movement of organic compounds is demonstrated. The influence of infiltrating wetting fronts on gas phase transport of volatile organic compounds is shown to be significant. The long-term fate of a subsurface spill of a three-component dense organic liquid is simulated. Three-dimensional simulations of soil vacuum extraction demonstrate the difficulty in removing dissolved organic compounds from the saturated zone with this process.
Argo: The Challenge of Continuing 10 Years of Progress [In: Special Issue on the Revolution of Global Ocean Forecasting - GODAE: 10 Years of Achievement]

In only 10 years, the Argo Program has grown from an idea into a functioning global observing system for the subsurface ocean. More than 3000 Argo floats now cover the world ocean. With these instruments operating on 10-day cycles, the array provides 9000 temperature/salinity/depth profiles every month that are quickly available via the Global Telecommunications System and the Internet. Argo is recognized as a major advance for oceanography, and a success for Argo's parent programs, the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment and Climate Variability and Predictability, and for the Global Earth Observation System of Systems. The value of Argo data in ocean data assimilation (ODA) and other applications is being demonstrated, and will grow as the data set is extended in time and as experience in using the data set leads to new applications. The spatial coverage and quality of the Argo data set are improving, with consideration being given to sampling under seasonal ice at higher latitudes, in additional marginal seas, and to greater depths. Argo data products of value in ODA modeling are under development, and Argo data are being tested to confirm their consistency with related satellite and in situ data. Maintenance of the Argo Program for the next decade and longer is needed for a broad range of climate and oceanographic research and for many operational applications in ocean state estimation and prediction.
Mobilité relative des métaux lourds issus de la décharge d’Akouédo et risque de contamination de la nappe du Continental Terminal (Abidjan-Côte d’Ivoire)

Relative mobility of heavy metals resulting from Akouedo landfill and assessment of Continental Terminal groundwater contamination risk(Abidjan-Cote d'Ivoire) The aim of this study is to know the geochemical mechanisms which control the vertical migration of heavy metals and to evaluate the risk of the Continental Terminal groundwater contamination resulting from Akouedo landfill. The chemical analyses of 56 samples showed that the soil of Akouedo landfill is rich in Cu (20-369.7 ppm), Fe (850-12500 ppm), Zn (18.6-1163.7 ppm), Pb (10.3-1450 ppm), Cd (1-11.5 ppm) and Cr (27.7-125ppm). Adsorption, principal geochemical mechanism in the soil, allows the retention of the majority of metals (Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd) on the organic matter (NTK and Corg) very abundant in the surface layers and on the clayed layers. But chromium is not much adsorbed and migrates more towards the deep layers. Cr is thus able to reach the groundwater easily and to cause a contamination of this one.
Semianalytical Simulation of the Meridional Cells in the Southern Ocean

Abstract The dynamics of the meridional cells in the Southern Ocean simulated by a primitive equation model are investigated. Particular attention is drawn to the Deacon cell, which transports about 15 Sv (Sv≡106 M3 s−1) from the surface between 45°S and 35°S down to 2500 m without crossing any isopycnals. A theory of the Deacon cell is presented using a Sverdrup–Munk-based model with an Ekman layer at the surface. The simple model successfully simulates a Deacon cell when applied to the Southern Ocean. The explanation of the Deacon cell appears to be the depth differences of the western boundary current and the Sverdrupian interior flow. The theory is extended to the other cells in the Southern Ocean by replacing the Sverdrup solution with a Luyten, Pedlosky, and Stommel solution. These other cells are driven at the surface by the ventilation provided by the Ekman pumping.
Puntos de corte del perímetro de la cintura para identificar sujetos con resistencia a la insulina en una población colombiana

Abstract Introduction: the metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and is associated with insulin resistance (IR). Although consensus establish the need of specific cut points of waist circumference (WC) for each country in order to identify subjects with MS, these have not been defined in Colombia. Objective: to define the WC cut points in men and women that best discriminate the presence of IR, to establish the prevalence of MS and verify the relation between WC and IR. Material and methods: in the context of the Diagnosis of the Global Cardiovascular Risk study, Medellin 2007-2008, we conducted an anthropometric and laboratory clinical evaluation. With the HOMA insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, we defined the presence of IR starting from the 75th percentile. Curves of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were made and the area under the curve (AUC) for each sex was obtained and the Youden index was used to establish the WC that best discriminated the presence of IR. Results: 800 subjects were included, of whom 44.8% were male, with a mean age of 50.3 ± 12.1 years and body mass index (BMI) of 26.1 ± 4.7. Subjects with IR had higher WC, triglycerides and blood pressure and also lower HDL cholesterol than those without IR. The values that best discriminate the presence of IR were 92 cm in men (sensitivity 82.28%, specificity 70.14%) and 84 cm in women (sensitivity 78.15%, specificity 73.98%) (Youden index of 0, 52 in both sexes). For men and women, the AUC was 0.828 (95% CI 0.780-0.876) and 0.815 (95% CI 0.770 to 0.859), respectively, p <0.001. A correlation between the WC and IR-HOMA ( ρ= 0.65 in men and ρ= 0.62 in women) as well as MS prevalence of 44.9% was found. Conclusion: WC values that best discriminated the presence of IR are 92 cm for men and 84 cm for women. This criterion could be used to identify subjects with MS at the population level. (ActaMed Colomb 2013; 38: 118-126).
Remanence stability and magnetic fabric development in synthetic shear zones deformed at 500°C

Shear experiments were performed on magnetite‐bearing calcite aggregates to examine magnetic fabric development and remanence stability in a deforming system using elevated temperature and pressure to encourage deformation by crystal‐plastic processes. Samples composed of 1 wt % pseudo‐single‐domain magnetite (1–2 μm) in a calcite matrix were created with either strong or weak initial fabrics and deformed in coaxial simple shear to strains up to γ = 1.5 at constant strain rates between 6 × 10−5 and 1 × 10−4 s−1 at 500°C and confining pressure of 300 MPa. Samples were given weak field thermal remanent magnetizations prior to deformation. Demagnetization of postdeformation remanence reveals that a primary remanent magnetization can withstand deformation at pressures and temperatures approximately equivalent to greenschist facies metamorphic conditions on laboratory time scales, but this stability is found to depend on the character of the predeformation fabric. The origin of secondary remanence components acquired during deformation is uncertain but is likely to partially result from thermal viscous remagnetization. Complete postdeformation remagnetization in initially anisotropic samples appears to involve a stress‐softening or piezoremanent magnetization mechanism. Postdeformation anisotropy measurements show progressive changes in magnetic fabric strength with strain. In the absence of a strong initial magnetic anisotropy, magnetic fabric intensity increases linearly as a function of strain; however, deformation that overprinted an existing fabric results in an apparent decrease of the initial anisotropy at low strains followed by rapid increases in magnetic fabric strength with increasing strain. Our results underscore the important role that initial fabric can play in determining the character of deformation fabrics.
Determinantes de la deserción y graduación universitaria: una aplicación utilizando modelos de duración

This study examines the issue of student departure from a public university. Non-parametric proportional hazard models are used to estimate the quantity and quality effects of the students’ personal and socioeconomic characteristics on the probability of their dropping out or graduating. Data include a cohort of students who started studying accounting at National University of Rosario, Argentina, in 1991. The results are useful to evaluate and design public policies in the educational sector.
A model calculation of the diurnal variation in minor neutral constituents in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere including transport effects

The nonequilibrium calculation for various neutral constituents in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (Hunt, 1966) was extended by including the effects of molecular and eddy diffusion. Nitrogen and its oxides were added, and more recent laboratory data for chemical reaction coefficients were used. A special numerical technique has been developed to simultaneously solve time-dependent continuity equations for 14 constituents. The preliminary result indicates that vertical eddy diffusion significantly reduces the irregular variations around 80 km and tends to lower the height of these irregular variations. However, the value of the eddy diffusion coefficient acceptable from the consideration of heat balance below ∼100 km cannot entirely smooth out these irregular distributions for atomic oxygen, ozone, and oxygen-hydrogen compounds, although the smoothing effect for nitric oxide seems to be strong enough to eliminate the irregular variations above ∼70 km. The role of the transport terms for molecular and eddy diffusion in the continuity equation is illustrated explicitly and discussed for some representative cases. We show that the dynamic model fits the observational results for ozone and nitric oxide concentrations better than the static model and also offers a more adequate explanation for the observed diurnal variation in the OH airglow emission.
Pliocene uplift of the northern Tibetan Plateau

Neogene redbeds passing upward into upward-coarsening conglomerate and debris-flow deposits at the foot of the Kunlun Mountains record the change in paleoslope related to uplift of the surface of the northern Tibetan Plateau. Detailed magnetostratigraphy of a 4.5 km section near Yecheng in the western Kunlun Mountains shows that the change from deposition on distal alluvial plains to proximal alluvial fans occurred during the Gilbert reversed chron (4.5–3.5 Ma). The change in depositional facies was accompanied by an increase in sedimentation rate from an average ∼0.15 mm/yr between the earliest Oligocene and the earliest Pliocene to 1.4 mm/yr in the Gauss normal chron (3.6–2.6 Ma). We interpret the change in depositional facies and increase in sedimentation rate as indicating that the main uplift of the northwestern Tibetan Plateau began ca. 4.5 Ma.
The European Union and its neighbours: a legal apraisal of the EU's policies of stabilisation, partnership and integration

I General Aspects. - The Europeanunion and its Neighbours: Questioning Identity and Relationships. - The Eu' S External Relations Regime: Multilevel Complexity in an Expanding Union. - Eu Enlargement: Membership Conditions Applied to Future and Potential Member States. - II: Country and Regional Analysis. - Eea Countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway). - Switzerland. - Micro-States (Andorra, Monaco, San Marino And The Vatican City). - Bulgaria. - Romania. - Turkey (Including Northern Cyprus). - Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro, Including Kosovo). - Croatia. - The Mediterraneancountries (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon). - Israel and the Palestinian Authority. - Russian Federation (Including Kaliningrad). - Ukraine. - Belarus. - Moldova. - The Southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia). - Conclusions: Squaring the Ring of Friends.