Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Limited stage small cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract: a clinicopathologic and prognostic analysis of 27 cases

Small cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor. This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics and potential prognostic factors for patients with limited stage small cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. The records of 27 patients with limited stage small cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract, who all received surgery with lymphadenectomy, were retrieved and analyzed retrospectively. The median age of patients was 60 years old (range 38–79). The primary locations of tumor were the esophagus (74.1%) and stomach (14.8%). The rate of preoperative accurate diagnosis (16.7%) was low for small cell carcinoma of the esophagus and stomach. 40.7% of all the patients had regional lymph node metastases. Five patients underwent surgery alone, and the other 22 were treated with surgery + postoperative chemotherapy. All patients had disease progression or recurrence. The overall median survival time was 10 months and the 1-year survival rate was 37.0%. Patients who received postoperative chemotherapy had a median survival time of 12 months, which was superior to the 5-month survival of for those who only had surgery (P<0.0001). TNM stage (P=0.02) and postoperative chemotherapy (P<0.0001) were considered as two prognostic factors in uni-variate analysis. Postoperative chemotherapy was a significant independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis (P=0.01). The prognosis for patients with limited stage small cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract remains dismal, however, postoperative chemotherapy may have the potential to improve the outcome for these patients.
In Vivo Release of Mitotic Silencing of Ribosomal Gene Transcription Does Not Give Rise to Precursor Ribosomal RNA Processing

Nuclear RNA transcription is repressed when eukaryotic cells enter mitosis. Here, we found that the derepression of ribosomal gene (rDNA) transcription that normally takes place in telophase may be induced in prometaphase, metaphase, and anaphase mitotic HeLa cells, and therefore appears not to be dependent on completion of mitosis. We demonstrate for the first time that in vivo inhibition of the cdc2– cyclin B kinase activity is sufficient to give rise to okadaic acid–sensitive dephosphorylation of the mitotically phosphorylated forms of components of the rDNA transcription machinery, and consequently to restore rDNA transcription in mitotic cells. These results, showing that during mitosis the rDNA transcription machinery is maintained repressed by the cdc2–cyclin B kinase activity, provide an in vivo demonstration of the cell cycle–dependent regulation of rDNA transcription. Interestingly in mitotic cells, the newly synthesized 47S precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) is not processed into the mature rRNAs, indicating that rDNA transcription and pre-rRNA processing may be uncoupled. Moreover this suggests that inhibition of the cdc2– cyclin B kinase is not sufficient to activate the 47S pre-rRNA processing machinery and/or to induce its relocalization at the level of newly synthesized 47S pre-rRNA. This in vivo approach provides new possibilities to investigate the correlation between pre-rRNA synthesis and pre-rRNA processing when the nucleolus reforms.
A Probabilistic Classifier Model with Adaptive Rejection Option Report 01 / 2016

Lately the topic of rejecting decisions in a classification scenario became attention, e. g. in medical data analysis, since not only the decision itself but also the certainty of the decision is important. While often a reject option is used on top of a trained model, recent approaches include it directly in the objective function of the desired model, e. g. for learning vector quantization. Following this trend, we propose a theoretical framework for probabilistic models, e. g. Gaussian mixture models, which includes costs for wrong classification as well as costs for rejection in its objective function. Further the rejection threshold is optimised during the training phase of the model. The proposed method follows the ideas of C. K. Chows paper: On optimum recognition error and reject tradeoff (1970). This article describes the new model in detail including the derivatives of the objective function.
On marketing theory and service-dominant logic: Connecting some dots

This article serves as an introduction to a special section on ‘Extending Service-dominant Logic’, which includes articles developed from manuscripts presented at the Forum on Markets and Marketing held in Sydney, Australia. This special section is, in turn, part of a combined ‘special issue’, with related articles published in the Australasian Marketing Journal, the European Journal of Marketing, and the Journal of Macromarketing. Together with the articles in these journals, the four articles presented here move S-D logic closer to a theory of the market and marketing by further connecting conceptual dots and exploring the role of theory in relation to S-D logic, and S-D logic in relation to theoretical orientations.
Extreme sensitivity to Yondelis® (Trabectedin, ET‐743) in low passaged sarcoma cell lines correlates with mutated p53

Yondelis® (Trabectedin, ET‐743) is a marine anticancer agent currently in Phase II/III development in patients with advanced pretreated soft tissue sarcoma. In the present study, we generated a panel of low passaged tumor cell lines from samples explanted from chemonaive sarcoma patients with different tumor types. We assessed in vitro sensitivity/resistance to Trabectedin and doxorubicin in a panel of sarcoma cell lines and examined the correlation between molecular alterations in DNA repair genes and sensitivity to Trabectedin. We treated cell lines with Trabectedin and doxorubicin in both 96‐h and clonogenic assays. In both assays, well‐defined groups of resistant and sensitive cell lines were observed. Resistance to Trabectedin did not correlate with resistance to doxorubicin, indicating that the two drugs may have different mechanisms of resistance. p53 mutations and deletions correlated with extreme sensitivity (IC50 < 1 nM) to Trabectedin (P < 0.01). In a pair of isogenic cell lines differing only in the presence or absence of wild‐type p53, the absence of p53 rendered cells threefold more sensitive to Trabectedin. J. Cell. Biochem. 100: 339–348, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contribution of Avian Salmonella enterica Isolates to Human Salmonellosis Cases in Constantine (Algeria)

An epidemiological investigation was carried out on one hundred Salmonella isolates from broiler farms, slaughterhouses, and human patients in the Constantine region of Algeria, in order to explore the contribution of avian strains to human salmonellosis cases in this region over the same period of time. The isolates were characterized by phenotypic as well as genotypic methods. A large variety of antimicrobial resistance profiles was found among human isolates, while only seven profiles were found among avian isolates. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR), Insertion Sequence 200-PCR (IS200-PCR), and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) resulted in the allocation of the isolates to 16, 20, and 34 different profiles, respectively. The 3 genotyping methods led to complementary results by underlining the clonality of some serovars with the diffusion and persistence of a single clone in the Constantine area as well as stressing the polymorphism present in isolates belonging to other serovars, indicating the diversity of potential reservoirs of nontyphoidal Salmonella. Altogether, our results seem to indicate that nontyphoidal avian Salmonella may play an important role in human salmonellosis in the Constantine region.
The Tradeoff between Inflation and the Real Economy: Forward-Looking Behavior and the Inflation Premium

We use the inflation premium—the difference between nominal and real interest rates—as a proxy for expected inflation in the context of the New Keynesian Phillips Curve. Using data from inflation-indexed and nominal bonds we estimate a forward-looking Phillips curve for the United Kingdom over the period 1985-2004. The proposed model describes UK inflation dynamics considerably better than does the standard hybrid New Keynesian Phillips Curve under the assumption of rational expectations. In contrast with the findings in the rest of the literature we find that there still exists a tradeoff between inflation and the stance of the real economy, regardless of the empirical measure used. This relationship also persists in the period since the UK adopted inflation targeting as a framework for monetary policy.
Value from Nowhere: a response to Dumenil and Levy (first submission)

This article was submitted in 1999 to the Review of Radical Political Economy but was rejected. It responds to Gerard Dumenil and Dominique Levy’s (1999) “The conservation of value: a rejoinder to Alan Freeman”. This was a critique of the Temporal Single-System (TSS) interpretation of Marx’s value theory presented in my (1996) Marx and non-Equilibrium Economics. In this response, I show that the paradoxes which Dumenil and Levy found in the TSS approach arose from a dogmatic adherence to the simultaneist paradigm which imposes, a priori and without reference to real phenomena, a distinct ontology from which change is absent. I show that when the supposition of a static economy is dropped, simultaneism creates value out of nowhere, and cannot thus support the elementary economic distinction between production and circulation. A uniform treatment of fixed capital, and the formation of social values, eliminates the alleged paradoxes. I show their own approach to be incoherent, generating negative values from its own assumptions. This is the first of two responses to this article which were rejected by the RRPE board. I have placed the second response in the public domain at the same time as this response.
Phase difference measurement of radio-interference signals with low-cost devices

Phase difference measurement of interfering radio signals is an essential part of radio-interferometric positioning applications. In this paper a novel phase measurement system is proposed, which is able to accurately measure the phase difference of the received radio signals, even in the presence of significant measurement noise. The suggested measurement system can be operated on inexpensive elements with very limited computing capabilities (e.g. on 8-bit microcontrollers). The performance of the proposed system is illustrated with real measurements results.
Auto adaptation incluant une double mobilité logicielle et physique : Analyse par simulation dans le cadre des réseaux ad hoc

Dans ce papier, nous etudions les possibilites d'auto adaptation que pourrait offrir un calcul reparti incluant une double mobilite : d'une part une mobilite physique des sites supports d'execution et, d'autre part, une mobilite des composants logiciels metiers ou clients. Cette mobilite de niveau logiciel est envisagee dans le contexte de mobilite physique des reseaux Ad hoc. Comme illustration, nous decrivons un exemple de service de localisation de services, ceux-ci etant vus comme mobiles. Ce service s'appuie sur la propagation de rumeurs et l'usage de promenades aleatoires par des agents legers dedies. L’evaluation des performances d'un tel service est faite grâce un simulateur de reseaux Ad hoc. Mots-cles : reseaux ad hoc, agents mobiles, protocoles de routage, rumeurs, simulation, Madhoc.
ModParOpt: A Modular Query Optimizer for Multi-Query Parallel Databases

This paper presents MODPAROPT, MODular PARallel Query OPTimizer) a parallel optimizer for complex relational queries in a multi-query environment, which meets perfectly the requirements of modern database applications (e.g. decision support and data mining). The optimizers architecture was developed in a very strict modular way being therefore highly extensible. It integrates an intelligent resource allocation module coupled with a randomized search module in order to seek for the best parallelization strategy when resource availability is heterogeneous and probably limited. Experiments performed on a 100 relation database with 432 randomly chosen queries show the effectiveness of MODPAROPT.
Modelling criteria: Not just for robots

Webb's scheme for classifying behavioral models is applicable to a wide range of theories and simulations, nonrobotic as well as robotic. It is suggested that a meta-analysis of existing models, characterized according to the proposed scheme, could identify regions of the seven-dimensional modelling space that are particularly likely to lead to new insights in understanding behavior.
Market Size in Innovation: Theory and Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Industry

This paper investigates the effect of (potential) market size on entry of new drugs and pharmaceutical innovation. Focusing on exogenous changes driven by U.S. demographic trends, we find that a 1 percent increase in the potential market size for a drug category leads to a 4 to 6 percent increase in the number of new drugs in that category. This response comes from both the entry of generic drugs and new non-generic drugs, and is generally robust to controlling for a variety of non-profit factors, pre-existing trends
Assessment, Treatment, and Theorizing About Sex Offenders

This article considers developments during the past 20 years in the assessment and treatment of sex offenders and in theoretical interpretations of their behavior. Research is reviewed indicating that in assessment there is a move toward including more cognitive features. One interpretation of the evidence to date suggests that phallometry has been overvalued and that considerable work remains to be done on the psychometric aspects of erectile measurement. Treatment also has moved in a more cognitive direction, but the addition of a relapse prevention approach has been the most significant innovation. A focus on treating juveniles has been a major development during the past 10 years. Theory development is accelerating, but there needs to be more emphasis on developing and refining our specific constructs rather than elaborating broad explanatory theories. Future developments are suggested.
Induction of a systemic lupus erythematosus-like disease in mice by a common human anti-DNA idiotype.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is considered to be the quintessential autoimmune disease. It has not been possible to induce SLE in animal models by DNA immunization or by challenge with anti-DNA antibodies. We herewith report a murine model of SLE-like disease induced by immunization of C3H.SW female mice with a common human monoclonal anti-DNA idiotype (16/6 idiotype). Following a booster injection with the 16/6 idiotype, high levels of murine anti-16/6 and anti-anti-16/6 antibodies (associated with anti-DNA activity) were detected in the sera of the immunized mice. Elevated titers of autoantibodies reacting with DNA, poly(I), poly(dT), ribonucleoprotein, autoantigens [Sm, SS-A (Ro), and SS-B (La)], and cardiolipin were noted. The serological findings were associated with increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukopenia, proteinuria, immune complex deposition in the glomerular mesangium, and sclerosis of the glomeruli. The immune complexes in the kidneys were shown to contain the 16/6 idiotype. This experimental SLE-like model may be used to elucidate the mechanisms underlying SLE.
Risks and political responses to climate change in Brazilian coastal cities

Climate change is characterized as one of the most pressing issues in the twenty-first century. There are still many uncertainties related to the rapidity of these changes and how devastating they will be. It is recognized that climate change poses a major threat to important development issues such as water supply, food security, human health, natural resources and protection against natural hazards. Thus, modern society is challenged to manage growing risks and threats. In terms of responses to risks posed by climate change, it has been argued that governments are important actors that play a key role setting regulations, institutions and appropriate modes of governance in order to address these risks at different levels and scales. This article investigates whether climate change risks have promoted the construction of a climate agenda in some Brazilian coastal cities and analyses how climate change risks are being framed by local governments in terms of policy strategies and instruments in these cities. The analysed cities do not have specific climate strategies, but climate change risks have been addressed by local governments in their different sectors of activity. Our findings suggest that the responses to climate-related risks are blended with the responses to problems typically faced by local governments, such as floods, irregular land occupation, landslides on hillside areas, among others, which can be exacerbated by climate change. These responses are not in step with governmental actors’ perceptions and concerns, particularly with regard to risks related to sea level rise. In this sense, multi-level and intersectoral responses are required.
An automatic singing voice rectifier design

This paper proposes a new approach to automatic singing voice rectification. There are two components in the rectifier; one is the recognizer based on dynamic time warping and the other is the synthesizer based PSOLA (Pitch Synchronous Overlap and Add) for pitch shifting. The purpose of the recognizer is to identify the locations of off-key parts of the user's acoustic input. Then with the target music score, the synthesizer tries to correct the off-key parts by appropriate pitch shifting to match the give music score. We also attempt some singing and listening experiments for evaluating the feasibility of the rectifier and the results exhibit the satisfactory performance.
The prolactin/growth hormone receptor family.

PRL and GH are hormones with a wide spectrum of actions. Specific receptors are widely distributed in a number of classical target organs, but other tissues that are not known targets also contain measurable binding sites or receptor mRNA. The most likely explanation is that PRL and GH cause effects that have not yet been characterized in certain tissues. Cloning of the cDNAs encoding PRL and GH receptors has led to the discovery that the receptors, like the hormones themselves, form a gene family. Multiple receptor forms have been identified, including a short form, which for PRL is a membrane-bound receptor or for GH is a soluble BP, and a long form, which for both PRL and GH is a membrane-bound receptor. PRL and GH receptors, and the mRNAs encoding them, can be up- and down-regulated. GH induces an up-regulation of both GH and PRL receptors, whereas PRL stimulates an increase of only its own receptor. High concentrations of either hormone induce a homologous down-regulation of receptor expression. An assay has been developed to measure the functional activity of different forms of PRL receptor by cotransfecting a milk protein fusion gene specific to PRL coupled to a reporter-gene along with the cDNA of the PRL receptor. Although the short form represents the major form present in rat mammary gland, only the long form of receptor is able to stimulate milk protein gene transcription. For GH, increased expression of the receptor in some target cells is accompanied by a modest enhancement of the response to GH. No single second messenger mediating the action of either PRL or GH has been identified. Several potential components of the signal transduction pathways have been identified, but as yet none has clearly been shown to be able to mimic the effect of PRL or GH. Because of the wide range of biological actions associated with PRL, and the existence of various forms of PRL receptors, it is doubtful that one unifying mechanism of action will be found for this hormone. No human or animal model of a genetic defect of the PRL receptor has thus far been published. Mutations in the GH receptor gene have been demonstrated in Laron type dwarfism. Different exon deletions or point or nonsense mutations resulting in modifications in the extracellular, GH binding region of the GH receptor have been reported. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Vertical or horizontal? Reading directions in Japanese

The Japanese language was traditionally written vertically. Recently, journals, textbooks and academic reference works have appeared with the script written horizontally. One reason for this may be that quotations of foreign names and articles (written in European languages) and mathematical equations often appear in technical texts, and it is therefore more convenient to have the main text of this kind of work written horizontally.
Four Fourth Graders Thinking Aloud: An Investigation of Genre Effects

This study investigated 4 developing readers' processing of text by asking them to think aloud as they read 5 narratives and 5 expository texts over the course of a school year. Five general categories of processing were identified: paraphrasing, questioning, elaborating, hypothesizing, and monitoring. The reading of narratives was compared to the reading of expository texts. While reading narratives, students hypothesized a greater percentage of the time, and while reading expository texts, they elaborated a greater percentage of the time. When reading narratives, students made more inferences, predictions, and interpretations, which seemed to be based on a developing synthesis and integration of incoming text information. When reading expository texts, students focused more on personal knowledge and experiences, providing commentary about or creating comparisons in response to details and more local text information. Students were also asked to provide a summary. Student summaries differed by genre, with narrative summaries including a greater percentage of important ideas than the summaries of expository texts which, like the students' on-line processing, focused more on local text information.
The Role of Models in Women's Professional Development∗

If modeling represents a significant process in socializing candidates to professions, the question arises as to how young women have negotiated the acquisition of professional identities in fields where there are no (or virtually no) established women to serve as models. This article explores aspects of the situation of women in male-dominated fields; the techniques of adaptation they use and the effects on the intellectual styles and personal integrations women develop in these circumstances.