Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Targeted therapy of RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer

Lung cancer has very high morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the prognosis is not optimistic. Previous treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have limited efficacy, and targeted drugs for some gene mutations have been used in NSCLC with considerable efficacy. The RET proto-oncogene is located on the long arm of chromosome 10 with a length of 60,000 bp, and the expression of RET gene affects cell survival, proliferation, growth and differentiation. This review will describe the basic characteristics and common fusion methods of RET genes; analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different RET fusion detection methods; summarize and discuss the recent application of non-selective and selective RET fusion-positive inhibitors, such as Vandetanib, Selpercatinib, Pralsetinib and Alectinib; discuss the mechanism and coping strategies of resistance to RET fusion-positive inhibitors.
Comparative study of the chemical composition and antifungal activity of commercial brown seaweed extracts

Introduction A sustainable agriculture and the great increase in consumers of organic products in the last years make the use of natural products one of the main challenges of modern agriculture. This is the reason that the use of products based on seaweed extracts has increased exponentially, specifically brown seaweeds, including Ascophyllum nodosum and Ecklonia maxima. Methods In this study, the chemical composition of 20 commercial seaweed extract products used as biostimulants and their antifungal activity against two common postharvest pathogens (Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium digitatum) from fruits were evaluated. Data were processed using chemometric techniques based on linear and non-linear models. Results and discussion The results showed that the algae species and the percentage of seaweed had a significant effect on the final composition of the products. In addition, great disparity was observed between formulations with similar labeling and antifungal effect of most of the analyzed products against some of the tested pathogens. These findings indicate the need for further research.
New Characteristic Equation of Three-Dimensional Integral Imaging System and its Applications

A three-dimensional integral imaging system is analyzed using the viewing parameters, namely, the image resolution, the viewing angle and the image depth. A new characteristic equation of this integral imaging system, which shows the relationship among the viewing parameters, is presented. This characteristic equation can be adopted as a design criterion for the integral imaging system. This can also be used as a figure of merit for the quantitative analysis of the integral imaging system.
Secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi, Alternaria alternata, as potential inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus

Antiretroviral treatment has significantly reduced human immunodeficiency virus infection and mortality. However, the current treatment regimen is limited by adverse side effects, the emergence of drug resistance, and the inability to eliminate viral reservoirs. Here, fifteen endophytic fungi were isolated from Sclerocarya birrea and Hypoxis plants. Crude extracts of Alternaria alternata (strain ID PO4PR1, PO4PR2, and PO2PL1) of the fifteen isolate’s crude extracts showed anti-HIV-1 activity in TZM-bl cell line at inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 0.017 to 1.170 μg/ml. The three crude extracts also maintained the virus replication inhibition profile on PBMCs and CD4+ T cells at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 50.2 ng/ml. Partial purification using the solid phase extraction and analysis with Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrophotometry showed a diverse profile. The bioactive compounds were identified based on peak area, retention time, similarity index. The major compounds from GC-MS analysis of A. Alternata revealed the existence of cyclotrisiloxane octamethyl (22.92%); Propaninitrile (16,67%); Pyrrolol[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methyl propyl) (10.42%); Silane, diethylethoxy(2-ethoxyethyloxy) (4.17%); Coumarin, 3,4-dihydro-4,5,7-trimethyl- 4,5,7-Trimethyl-2-chromanone (13.7%) and 1,2-Cyclobutanedicarbonitrile (2.08%) with previously reported biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, these bioactive compounds from A. alternata fungal endophytes could be repurposed as potential anti-HIV agents. This study showed the potential of endophytic fungi, Alternaria alternata from S. birrea, and Hypoxis species as producers of anti-HIV compounds.
A critique of using the labels confirmatory and exploratory in modern psychological research

Psychological science is experiencing a rise in the application of complex statistical models and, simultaneously, a renewed focus on applying research in a confirmatory manner. This presents a fundamental conflict for psychological researchers as more complex forms of modeling necessarily eschew as stringent of theoretical constraints. In this paper, I argue that this is less of a conflict, and more a result of a continued adherence to applying the overly simplistic labels of exploratory and confirmatory. These terms mask a distinction between exploratory/confirmatory research practices and modeling. Further, while many researchers recognize that this dichotomous distinction is better represented as a continuum, this only creates additional problems. Finally, I argue that while a focus on preregistration helps clarify the distinction, psychological research would be better off replacing the terms exploratory and confirmatory with additional levels of detail regarding the goals of the study, modeling details, and scientific method.
The mechanisms underlying the actions of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction pretreatment against neurological deficits after ischemic stroke in mice: The mediation of glymphatic function by aquaporin-4 and its anchoring proteins

Ischemic stroke (IS) has been associated with an impairment in glymphatic function. Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XFZYD) is widely used in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. We hypothesized that Xuefu Zhuyu decoction pretreatment could attenuate early neurological deficits after ischemic stroke by enhancing the function of the glymphatic system. To prove our hypothesis, we carried out temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion surgery on C57BL/6 mice and then measured neurological score, infarct size and performed hematoxylin-eosin staining to assess stroke outcomes after 24 h of reperfusion. Subsequently, we injected fluorescent tracers in to the cisterna magna and evaluated tracer distribution in coronal brain sections. The polarization of aquaporin-4 (AQP4), colocalization of aquaporin-4, α-dystroglycan, β-dystroglycan and agrin were determined by immunofluorescence. Our research showed that pretreatment with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction significantly alleviated neurological scores, neurological deficits and pathological abnormalities in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Importantly, Xuefu Zhuyu decoction pretreatment enhanced cerebrospinal fluid influx, protected aquaporin-4 depolarization and promoted the colocalization of aquaporin-4 with its anchoring proteins in the brain. Our findings highlight novel mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effect of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction pretreatment on ischemic stroke-induced brain damage through the glymphatic system. Xuefu Zhuyu decoction pretreatment may offer a promising approach to slow the onset and progression of ischemic stroke.
Associations between plasma metal mixture exposure and risk of hypertension: A cross-sectional study among adults in Shenzhen, China

Background Metal exposure affects human health. Current studies mainly focus on the individual health effect of metal exposure on hypertension (HTN), and the results remain controversial. Moreover, the studies assessing overall effect of metal mixtures on hypertension risk are limited. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting 1,546 Chinese adults who attended routine medical check-ups at the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen. The plasma levels of 13 metals were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariate logistic regression model, restricted cubic spline (RCS) model and the Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) model were applied to explore the single and combined effect of metals on the risk of HTN. Results A total of 642 (41.5%) participants were diagnosed with HTN. In the logistic regression model, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 0.71 (0.52, 0.97) for cobalt, 1.40 (1.04, 1.89) for calcium, 0.66 (0.48, 0.90), and 0.60 (0.43, 0.83) for aluminum in the second and third quartile, respectively. The RCS analysis showed a V-shaped or an inverse V-shaped dose-response relationship between metals (aluminum or calcium, respectively) and the risk of HTN (P for non-linearity was 0.017 or 0.009, respectively). However, no combined effect was found between metal mixture and the risk of hypertension. Conclusions Plasma levels of cobalt, aluminum and calcium were found to be associated with the risk of HTN. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings and their potential mechanisms with prospective studies and experimental study designs.
Genome-wide identification and comprehensive analysis reveal potential roles of long non-coding RNAs in fruit development of southern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

Introduction Blueberries have a high antioxidant content and are produced as healthy food worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of regulatory RNAs that play a variety of roles in plants. Nonetheless, information on lncRNAs and their functions during blueberry fruit development is scarce in public databases. Methods In the present study, we performed genome-wide identification of lncRNAs in a southern highbush blueberry using strand-specific RNA sequencing (ssRNA-Seq). Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and their potential target genes were analyzed at four stages of fruit development. Cis-regulatory DE-lncRNAs were predicted using co-localization analysis. Results These findings included a total of 25,036 lncRNAs from 17,801 loci. Blueberry lncRNAs had shorter transcript lengths, smaller open reading frame (ORF) sizes, fewer exons, and fewer isoforms than protein-coding RNAs, as well as lower expression levels and higher stage-specificity during fruit development. A total of 105 DE-lncRNAs were identified among the comparison group of PAD vs. CUP, 443 DE-lncRNAs were detected when comparing CUP with PINK fruits, and 285 DE-lncRNAs were revealed when comparing PINK and BLUE fruits. According to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotation, target genes of DE-lncRNAs were primarily enriched in the “Autophagy-other”, “DNA replication”, “Endocytosis”, ‘photosynthesis’ and ‘chlorophyll metabolism’ pathways, suggesting that lncRNAs may pay potential roles in fruit expansion and ripening. Moreover, several lncRNAs have been proposed as cis-regulators of the key genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. MSTRG.107242. 6, and its putative target gene, BTB/POZ and TAZ domain-containing protein, might play critical roles in anthocyanin accumulation in blueberries. Discussion These findings highlight the regulatory function of lncRNAs and aid in elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying blueberry fruit growth.
More microbial manipulation and plant defense than soil fertility for biochar in food production: A field experiment of replanted ginseng with different biochars

The role of biochar–microbe interaction in plant rhizosphere mediating soil-borne disease suppression has been poorly understood for plant health in field conditions. Chinese ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) is widely cultivated in Alfisols across Northeast China, being often stressed severely by pathogenic diseases. In this study, the topsoil of a continuously cropped ginseng farm was amended at 20 t ha–1, respectively, with manure biochar (PB), wood biochar (WB), and maize residue biochar (MB) in comparison to conventional manure compost (MC). Post-amendment changes in edaphic properties of bulk topsoil and the rhizosphere, in root growth and quality, and disease incidence were examined with field observations and physicochemical, molecular, and biochemical assays. In the 3 years following the amendment, the increases over MC in root biomass were parallel to the overall fertility improvement, being greater with MB and WB than with PB. Differently, the survival rate of ginseng plants increased insignificantly with PB but significantly with WB (14%) and MB (21%), while ginseng root quality was unchanged with WB but improved with PB (32%) and MB (56%). For the rhizosphere at harvest following 3 years of growing, the total content of phenolic acids from root exudate decreased by 56, 35, and 45% with PB, WB, and MB, respectively, over MC. For the rhizosphere microbiome, total fungal and bacterial abundance both was unchanged under WB but significantly increased under MB (by 200 and 38%), respectively, over MC. At the phyla level, abundances of arbuscular mycorrhizal and Bryobacter as potentially beneficial microbes were elevated while those of Fusarium and Ilyonectria as potentially pathogenic microbes were reduced, with WB and MB over MC. Moreover, rhizosphere fungal network complexity was enhanced insignificantly under PB but significantly under WB moderately and MB greatly, over MC. Overall, maize biochar exerted a great impact rather on rhizosphere microbial community composition and networking of functional groups, particularly fungi, and thus plant defense than on soil fertility and root growth.
Species diversity and distribution of genus Pampus (Pelagiaria: Stromateidae) based on global mitochondrial data

Due to the highly similar external morphology of the Pampus species, misidentifications frequently occur and hinder the understanding of the taxonomy and species distributions of the genus. In this study, we generated 271 mitochondrial sequences and obtained 1,226 sequences from the public databases to understand the species diversity and distributions of the genus Pampus. Most phylogenetic analyses and species delimitations congruently concluded seven valid species within the genus Pampus (i.e., P. argenteus, P. candidus, P. chinensis, P. cinereus, P. liuorum, P. minor, and P. punctatissimus). Sequences of P. argenteus are reported through the northern South China Sea to the Japan Archipelago, which covered the type locality of P. echinogaster. Sequences of P. echinogaster in the public databases are all identified as P. argenteus, suggesting that the species should be synonymized with P. argenteus. Furthermore, sequences of P. griseus were identical to our P. cinereus data and, therefore, should be treated as a synonym of the latter. Inference on divergence time and ancestral distribution implied that the genus Pampus originated in the central Indo-Pacific region around 8.35–11.33 million years ago (the late Miocene), associated with the rise of the Indonesian–Australian Archipelago biodiversity hotspot. The divergence between P. cinereus and P. liuorum dated back to 1.20–1.72 million years ago, which might be related to glacial isolation during the Mid-Pleistocene transition.
Association of psychological symptoms with job burnout and occupational stress among coal miners in Xinjiang, China: A cross-sectional study

Objective The study aimed to investigate the influencing factors of psychological symptoms in relation to job burnout and occupational stress among coal miners in Xinjiang, so as to provide data support for enterprises in an effort to help them identify internal psychological risk factors and improve the mental health of coal miners. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 12 coal mines were selected using the stratified cluster random sampling method and 4,109 coal miners were investigated by means of online electronic questionnaires. The Symptoms Check List-90 (SCL-90), Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory (CMBI), and Job Demand-Control (JDC) model were respectively used to measure the status of psychological symptoms, job burnout, and occupational stress among coal miners. The mediation analysis was performed through structural equation modeling (SEM) by using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS). Results The prevalence of psychological symptoms was higher in the occupational stress group than in the non-occupational stress group, and increased with job burnout (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that mild (OR = 1.401, 95% CL: 1.165, 1.685), moderate (OR = 2.190, 95% CL: 1.795, 2.672), or severe levels of burnout (OR = 6.102, 95% CL: 3.481, 10.694) and occupational stress (OR = 1.462, 95% CL: 1.272, 1.679) were risk factors for psychological symptoms in coal miners. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that occupational stress (β = 0.11, P = 0.002) and job burnout (β = 0.46, P = 0.002) had significant positive direct effects on psychological symptoms, and job burnout was an intermediate variable between occupational stress and psychological symptoms. Conclusion High levels of job burnout and occupational stress were risk factors for psychological symptoms. Both occupational stress and job burnout had direct effects on psychological symptoms, and occupational stress could also have an indirect effect on coal miners' psychological symptoms through the intermediate variable of job burnout.
Multiplication by an integer using minimum adders

A graph representation of multiplier blocks has been described by Bull and Horrocks (IEEE Proc.G. vol.138, no.3, p.401-12, June 1991) for the design of finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters. This graph representation is applied to the problem of reducing the number of adders in a constant integer multiplier. < >
Cancer cell targeting by CAR-T cells: A matter of stemness

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy represents one of the most innovative immunotherapy approaches. The encouraging results achieved by CAR-T cell therapy in hematological disorders paved the way for the employment of CAR engineered T cells in different types of solid tumors. This adoptive cell therapy represents a selective and efficacious approach to eradicate tumors through the recognition of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Binding of engineered CAR-T cells to TAAs provokes the release of several cytokines, granzyme, and perforin that ultimately lead to cancer cells elimination and patient’s immune system boosting. Within the tumor mass a subpopulation of cancer cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), plays a crucial role in drug resistance, tumor progression, and metastasis. CAR-T cell therapy has indeed been exploited to target CSCs specific antigens as an effective strategy for tumor heterogeneity disruption. Nevertheless, a barrier to the efficacy of CAR-T cell-based therapy is represented by the poor persistence of CAR-T cells into the hostile milieu of the CSCs niche, the development of resistance to single targeting antigen, changes in tumor and T cell metabolism, and the onset of severe adverse effects. CSCs resistance is corroborated by the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes stromal cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and immune cells. The relationship between TME components and CSCs dampens the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy. To overcome this challenge, the double strategy based on the use of CAR-T cell therapy in combination with chemotherapy could be crucial to evade immunosuppressive TME. Here, we summarize challenges and limitations of CAR-T cell therapy targeting CSCs, with particular emphasis on the role of TME and T cell metabolic demands.
Multibranch convolutional neural network with contrastive representation learning for decoding same limb motor imagery tasks

Introduction Emerging deep learning approaches to decode motor imagery (MI) tasks have significantly boosted the performance of brain-computer interfaces. Although recent studies have produced satisfactory results in decoding MI tasks of different body parts, the classification of such tasks within the same limb remains challenging due to the activation of overlapping brain regions. A single deep learning model may be insufficient to effectively learn discriminative features among tasks. Methods The present study proposes a framework to enhance the decoding of multiple hand-MI tasks from the same limb using a multi-branch convolutional neural network. The CNN framework utilizes feature extractors from established deep learning models, as well as contrastive representation learning, to derive meaningful feature representations for classification. Results The experimental results suggest that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art methods by obtaining a classification accuracy of 62.98% with six MI classes and 76.15 % with four MI classes on the Tohoku University MI-BCI and BCI Competition IV datasets IIa, respectively. Discussion Despite requiring heavy data augmentation and multiple optimization steps, resulting in a relatively long training time, this scheme is still suitable for online use. However, the trade-of between the number of base learners, training time, prediction time, and system performance should be carefully considered.
Comparison of green building policies and regulations between central and local governments of China: Analysis based on text similarity

The development of green buildings, as the focus of the construction field, is an inevitable choice to achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. From the perspective of text similarity, this paper conducts a comparative study on the 14th Five-Year Plan for Building Energy Conservation and Green Building Development issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the PRC in 2022 and sixteen local regulations on green buildings at provincial levels. The results show that: First, promoting energy-saving and green transformation of existing public buildings, promoting new green construction methods, strengthening green building management system construction and other contents, have the highest similarity value, indicating that these three contents have the highest overall notices in the legislation formulation level of green buildings in different regions; Second, the legal texts formulated by Tianjin and Shanghai are more in line with the requirements of the 14th Five-Year Plan than those of other provinces, showing the forward-looking nature of local legislation; Lastly, through data analysis, it is found that the average similarities of the three deployments of green buildings have small differences, but there are large differences between regions. Jiangxi, Qinghai and Guangdong have some outstanding contents, forming regional characteristics according to local conditions, showing the differences of local legal texts. Since the Plan is the latest national guidance, it requires local regulations to refine and implement the contents of the Plan. Based on the comprehensive comparative analysis of the text, it is recommended that all localities should check and fill gaps according to the Plan, improve the key task systems, and use local standards to build legal guarantee tailored to local conditions.