Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endometriosis: Associations with Menorrhagia, Infertility and Oral Contraceptives

In a retrospective study of 163 women with endometriosis, 76% had a history of menorrhagia, a larger percentage than that which might be normally expected. Only 10% of the women complained of infertility, while 13% had used oral contraceptives regularly, a much smaller proportion than expected. These findings are discussed in terms of the pathogenesis of endometriosis and the possible prophylactic role of oral contraceptives. The authors suggest the possibility that increased sensitivity to estrogens may lead to the development of endometriosis in some women.
Elman neural network model for short term load forecasting based on improved demand response factor

In order to adapt to the policy of electricity reform and to improve the prediction accuracy of short-term power load, a demand response model is introduced, and the influencing factors of demand response are introduced in the traditional input. According to the Elman neural network is easy to fall into local extremum, improve its incentive function to optimize the prediction model. In order to establish the Elman neural network model for short term load forecasting based on improved demand response factor.
The Emergent European Model in Skill Formation

Proposing an alternative to the American model, intergovernmental reform initiatives in Europe have developed and promote a comprehensive European model of skill formation. What ideals, standards, and governance are proposed in this new pan-European model? This model responds to heightened global competition among “knowledge societies” as it challenges national systems to improve. The authors thus compare this emergent European model with the historically influential models of Germany, France, Great Britain, and the United States. To what extent does the European model resemble these traditionally influential national models? The authors report findings of a theory-guided content analysis of official European policy documents in higher education and vocational training from 1998 to 2010. They find that while the European model is a bricolage that integrates diverse characteristics of influential models, the ambitious goals and standards codified in the twin Bologna and Copenhagen processes in higher education and vocational training offer a new model to compete internationally. Dozens of countries now seek to implement these principles. This comparative analysis finds different visions for the future of skill formation on both sides of the Atlantic.
Toward a Greater Understanding of the Tenure Track for Minorities

Collaborative on Academic Careers in Higher Education (COACHE) conducts an annual survey of tenure-track faculty. Through surveys and in focus groups and interviews, hundreds of tenure-track faculty members tell us what affects their workplace satisfaction and, ultimately, their success. The clarity and reasonableness of the criteria and standards for achieving tenure, institutional and collegial support for teaching and research, the effectiveness of workplace policies and practices, departmental climate and collegiality, and work/life balance are among the issues addressed. In 2009, for the first time, COACHE had collected enough faculty respondents who self-identified in each racial and ethnic category (see Figure 1), in proportions similar to their representation in the faculty population nationally, to look at each group separately and see how their experiences of academe differ. An examination of the different groups’ experiences of faculty life is important to the welfare of our students. The percentage of American college students who are minorities has been increasing: in 1976, 15 percent were minorities, compared with 32
On development of execution model for model transforming distributed substation automation control with ontology

The so called Smart Grid is said to be enabled with bi-direction communication networks and energy flow. IEC 61850 is a substation communication standard which improves interoperability of the substation design. IEC 61499 is an automation standard which can be used for implementation of control in IEC 61850 models. This work is utilizing Model Driven Engineering techniques for substation automation systems, specifically using ontology models to automatically generate IEC 61499 distributed automation control systems. eSWRL is the proposed ontology transformation and it is necessary to develop an execution model for executing the transformation rules. This paper explores the use of several execution semantic models for eSWRL and illustrates the use of the most suitable execution model for the context of this work. In the case study, eSWRL rules are written using the execution models discussed in this paper to generate a distributed automation control library in IEC 61499.
Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Based on the Combination of Regional and Global Text Features

The biomedical information extraction, especially Named Entity Recognition (NER), is a primary task in biomedical text-mining due to the rapid growth of large-scale literature. Extracting biomedical entities aims at identifying specific entities (words or phrases) from those unstructured text data. In this work, we introduce a novel biomedical NER system utilizing a combination of regional and global text features: linguistic, lexical, contextual, and syntactic features. Our system adopts Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) [1] as a machine learning algorithm and consists of two major pipelines (see Figure 1). We especially focus on constructing the first pipeline for text processing in a modularized manner and discovering rich feature sets regarding comprehensive linguistics and contexts. To implement the CRF framework in the second pipeline, our system uses a modified version of Mallet [2] to take advantage of feature induction. As a result of 10-fold cross-validation, our system achieves from 0.99% up to 18.47% of F-measure improvement as well as the highest precision compared to existing open-source biomedical NER systems on GENETAG corpus [3]. We figure out that several components such as abundant key features, external resources, and feature induction contribute to the performance of the proposed system.
A Hybrid Approach for Functional Expression Identification in a Japanese Reading Assistant

In this paper we present a hybrid approach for identifying Japanese functional expressions and its application in a Japanese reading assistant. We combine the results of machine learning and patternbased methods to identify several types of functional expressions. We show that by using our approach we can double the coverage of previous approaches and still maintain the high level of performance necessary for our application.
Efficiently Computing Real Roots of Sparse Polynomials

We propose an efficient algorithm to compute the real roots of a sparse polynomial f∈R[x] having k non-zero real-valued coefficients. It is assumed that arbitrarily good approximations of the non-zero coefficients are given by means of a coefficient oracle. For a given positive integer L, our algorithm returns disjoint disks Δ1,. ,Δs⊂C, with s<2k, centered at the real axis and of radius less than 2-L together with positive integers μ1,. ,μs such that each disk Δi contains exactly μi roots of f counted with multiplicity. In addition, it is ensured that each real root of f is contained in one of the disks. If f has only simple real roots, our algorithm can also be used to isolate all real roots. The bit complexity of our algorithm is polynomial in k and log n, and near-linear in L and τ, where 2-τ and 2τ constitute lower and upper bounds on the absolute values of the non-zero coefficients of f, and n is the degree of f. For root isolation, the bit complexity is polynomial in k and log n, and near-linear in τ and logσ-1, where σ denotes the separation of the real roots.
The impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on intensive care unit admission and 30-day mortality in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: a Danish population-based cohort study

Background and purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may increase the risk of postoperative complications and thus mortality after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, but the evidence is sparse. Methods We conducted this nationwide population-based cohort study in Denmark, including all patients undergoing CRC surgery in the period 2005–2011, identified through medical databases. We categorised the patients according to the history of COPD. We assessed the rate of complications within 30 days. We computed 30-day mortality among patients with/without COPD using the Kaplan-Meier method. We used Cox regression to compute HRs for death, controlling for age, gender, type of admission, cancer stage, hospital volume, alcohol-related diseases, obesity and Charlson comorbidity score. Results We identified 18 302 CRC surgery patients. Of these, 7.9% had a prior diagnosis of COPD. Among patients with COPD, 16.1% were admitted postoperatively to the intensive care unit, 1.9% were treated with mechanical ventilation, and 3.6% were treated with non-invasive ventilation. In patients without COPD, the corresponding proportions were 9.7%, 1.1% and 1.1%. The reoperation rate was 10.6% among patients with COPD and 8% among patients with cancer without COPD. 30-day mortality was 13% (95% CI 11.4% to 14.9%) among patients with COPD and 5.3% (95% CI 5.0% to 5.7%) among patients without COPD, corresponding to an adjusted HR of 1.7 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.0). Conclusions COPD is a strong predictor for intensive care unit admission and mortality after CRC surgery.
Housing Studies, Social Class and Being Towards Dwelling

Abstract This paper offers a response to the important critiques made by Chris Allen and other scholars of housing research in the fields of housing market renewal and gentrification. The paper begins by responding to the specific interpretation and criticism made by Allen and Webb about a report co‐produced by the author of this paper. It then broadens out its focus to discuss three key themes. Firstly, it explores the distance and conflict in the conceptual frameworks of “being‐in‐the‐world” between housing research and working‐class residents. Secondly, in supporting the argument that housing research needs to understand working‐class housing consumptions on their own terms and not simply in relational terms to middle‐class housing consumptions, this paper suggests that critical researchers themselves continue to use a relational framework that essentializes and generalizes class in housing consumption. Finally, the paper briefly critiques the concept of symbolic violence and class or market hegemony in the constitution of working‐class consciousness and identity.
“Reasonable Accommodations” or Education for All? The Case of Children Living With Disabilities in Cambodia

The authors examine the various challenges and barriers to education for children living with disabilities, primarily those living with deafness and blindness in Cambodia. Poverty and economic instability of families are key hindrances to educational opportunities for these children. Other barriers include lack of government ownership of educational programs for people with disabilities, poor governance and low accountability of the government, lack of funding and finances, limited human capacity and resources, and social discrimination and stigma. This poses the question as to what is reasonable accommodation to ensure that children living with disabilities can access schooling.
Poincar&#233;-Map-Based Reinforcement Learning For Biped Walking

We propose a model-based reinforcement learning algorithm for biped walking in which the robot learns to appropriately modulate an observed walking pattern. Via-points are detected from the observed walking trajectories using the minimum jerk criterion. The learning algorithm modulates the via-points as control actions to improve walking trajectories. This decision is based on a learned model of the Poincaré map of the periodic walking pattern. The model maps from a state in the single support phase and the control actions to a state in the next single support phase. We applied this approach to both a simulated robot model and an actual biped robot. We show that successful walking policies are acquired.
Gastric MALT lymphoma and its relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection: Management and pathogenesis of the disease

Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is strongly associated with the development of primary gastric B cell lymphoma of MALT‐type. Therapeutic decisions in primary gastric MALT lymphomas, e.g., the choice for gastric surgery or stomach‐conserving treatments in the form of radio‐, chemo‐, or eradication therapy, should be based on an accurate histopathological diagnosis, grading and clinical staging.
Simvastatin elicits dilation of isolated porcine retinal arterioles: role of nitric oxide and mevalonate-rho kinase pathways.

PURPOSE Results in a prior study have demonstrated that systemic administration of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor simvastatin to healthy subjects reduces intraocular pressure and increases retinal blood flow. However, it remains unclear whether simvastatin can directly elicit dilation of retinal microvessels. In the current study, the direct effect and the underlying mechanism of the vasomotor action of simvastatin in retinal arterioles was studied. METHODS Porcine retinal arterioles ( approximately 75 mum internal diameter) were isolated, cannulated, and pressurized (55 cmH(2)O) without flow for in vitro study. Diameter changes in response to simvastatin were recorded using videomicroscopic techniques. RESULTS Retinal arterioles dilated dose dependently to simvastatin (1 nM to 10 muM). This vasodilation was significantly reduced after removal of the endothelium. The nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor l-NAME (N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester) markedly inhibited the vasodilation, and combined administration of l-NAME with cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin mimicked the effect of denudation. Blockade of soluble guanylyl cyclase by ODQ (1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo[4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one) produced a similar inhibitory effect as that by l-NAME. In contrast, the dilation was unaffected by cytochrome-P450 epoxygenase inhibitor sulfaphenazole. Intraluminal incubation of vessels with mevalonate, an immediate metabolite of HMG-CoA reductase, partially inhibited vasodilation to simvastatin. The Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 abolished the antagonistic effect of mevalonate. CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin elicits mainly an endothelium-dependent, NO-mediated dilation of retinal arterioles via activation of guanylyl cyclase; cyclooxygenase plays a relatively minor role. It appears that inhibition of the mevalonate-Rho kinase pathway in endothelial cells contributes in part to the simvastatin-induced vasodilation. A better understanding of the action of statins on retinal vasculature may help shed light on its therapeutic potential in retinal vascular disease.
Optimize Variant Product Design Based on Component Interaction Graph

Dominating markets with a single product is increasingly difficult, and instead numerous industries are evolving towards mass customization, meaning the production of individually customized and highly varied products or services (Pine, 1993). This proliferation of models allows consumers to find a product that best suits their individual needs. The need for increasing product variety and shorter development time brings more complexity to the company than ever. Corporations are striving to bala nce customer satisfaction and cost savings, and product design is becoming essential for accomplishing this. Since developing an entirely different product is often uneconomical. A better method is to develop a product architecture that enables a company to offer highly differentiated products that share a substantial fraction of their components. Therefore, introducing product variety within a robust architecture offers one means of enhancing mass customization. Besides, an increase in product variety brings an increase in the volume of information exchanged between customers, designers and marketing department. Due to such increased information processing load, information technology is needed to tackle this problem. This chapter investigates the product variety design methodologies through the computational design optimization methods, and developing product architecture under the support of information technologies. It aims at providing product designers a rational and systematic methodology in dealing with product variety from both qualitative and quantitative viewpoints.
Expressive hierarchical rule extraction for left-to-right translation

Left-to-right (LR) decoding Watanabe et al. (2006) is a promising decoding algorithm for hierarchical phrase-based translation (Hiero) that visits input spans in arbitrary order producing the output translation in left to right order. This leads to far fewer language model calls. But the constrained SCFG grammar used in LR-Hiero (GNF) with at most two non-terminals is unable to account for some complex phrasal reordering. Allowing more non-terminals in the rules results in a more expressive grammar. LR-decoding can be used to decode with SCFGs with more than two non-terminals, but the CKY decoders used for Hiero systems cannot deal with such expressive grammars due to a blowup in computational complexity. In this paper we present a dynamic programming algorithm for GNF rule extraction which efficiently extracts sentence level SCFG rule sets with an arbitrary number of non-terminals. We analyze the performance of the obtained grammar for statistical machine translation on three language pairs.
Role of Coatomer and Phospholipids in GTPase-activating Protein-dependent Hydrolysis of GTP by ADP-ribosylation Factor-1*

The binding of the coat protein complex, coatomer, to the Golgi is mediated by the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor-1 (ARF1), whereas the dissociation of coatomer, requires GTP hydrolysis on ARF1, which depends on a GTPase-activating protein (GAP). Recent studies demonstrate that when GAP activity is assayed in a membrane-free environment by employing an amino-terminal truncation mutant of ARF1 (Δ17-ARF1) and a catalytic fragment of the ARF GTPase-activating protein GAP1, GTP hydrolysis is strongly stimulated by coatomer (Goldberg, J., (1999) Cell 96, 893–902). In this study, we investigated the role of coatomer in GTP hydrolysis on ARF1 both in solution and in a phospholipid environment. When GTP hydrolysis was assayed in solution using Δ17-ARF1, coatomer stimulated hydrolysis in the presence of the full-length GAP1 as well as with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae ARF GAP (Gcs1) but had no effect on hydrolysis in the presence of the phosphoinositide dependent GAP, ASAP1. Using wild-type myristoylated ARF1 loaded with GTP in the presence of phospholipid vesicles, GAP1 by itself stimulated GTP hydrolysis efficiently, and coatomer had no additional effect. Disruption of the phospholipid vesicles with detergent resulted in reduced GAP1 activity that was stimulated by coatomer, a pattern that resembled Δ17-ARF1 activity. Our findings suggest that in the biological membrane, the proximity between ARF1 and its GAP, which results from mutual binding to membrane phospholipids, may be sufficient for stimulation of ARF1 GTPase activity.
Hyaluronidase is more elevated in human brain metastases than in primary brain tumours.

BACKGROUND Hyaluronidase is hypothesised to play a role in cancer invasion and metastasis formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyaluronidase activity was investigated at pH 3.8 in extracts of 30 human brain tumours (17 glioblastomas and 13 brain metastases of carcinomas) and in cancer cell cultures with the ELSA method and zymography. RESULTS In brain metastases, hyaluronidase activities were significantly higher than in glioma extracts (9.16 +/- 4.48 mU/g vs 4.25 +/- 5.74) which was not explained by serum hyaluronidase contamination. Serum hyaluronidase of tumour patients' sera was within the normal values determined in 28 matched blood donors'sera (33.8 +/- 11 U/l). The maximum hyaluronidase/albumin (U/g) ratio was 0.9, below which the hyaluronidase content of tumours was below the maximum value calculated from the albumin content of the tumour extract and could not be considered as local production by tumour cells. The hyaluronidase content and hyaluronidase/albumin ratio of metastasis extracts was significantly higher than in glioma extracts and patients' sera, whereas no significant difference was found between the ratios of glioma extracts and sera. The production of hyaluronidase was studied in cell extracts and in culture media of 3 human glioma-derived cell lines and of the brain metastasis-derived cell line SA87. Hyaluronidase activity of the metastasis-derived cell line SA87 was 100 to 1000-fold that of glioma cell lines. CONCLUSION These results suggest that hyaluronidase is associated with the more aggressive cancer cells and is directly or indirectly involved in brain metastasis phenotype.
Multiple control of interleukin‐8 gene expression

Interleukin (IL)‐8, a prototypic human chemokine, was detected more than a decade ago as the founding member of the chemokine superfamily. One of the most remarkable properties of IL‐8 is the variation of its expression levels. In healthy tissues, IL‐8 is barely detectable, but it is rapidly induced by ten‐ to 100‐fold in response to proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor or IL‐1, bacterial or viral products, and cellular stress. Recently, significant advances in the understanding of signaling pathways, which coordinately regulate IL‐8 transcription as well as mRNA stabilization in response to external stimuli, have been made. Maximal IL‐8 amounts are generated by a combination of three different mechanisms: first, derepression of the gene promoter; second, transcriptional activation of the gene by nuclear factor‐κB and JUN‐N‐terminal protein kinase pathways; and third, stabilization of the mRNA by the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway. In that way, cells are able to rapidly increase and at the same time, to fine‐tune the amount of IL‐8 secreted and thereby control the extent of leukocytes attracted to sites of tissue injury.
Quantum capacitance in strained armchair Graphene nanoribbon considering Edge effect

Armchair Graphene nanoribbons(A-GNRs) are now widely used in nanoscale transistor because of its semiconducting behavior and fast switching speed. The most important parameter which impedes carrier movement through the channel is “capacitance” after its sustainable value. Earlier classical capacitance was assumed as only one of the capacitance in nanoscale transistor. But when the device is operated by a source; classical capacitance goes in vain for overall observing the carrier statistics. Here another capacitance must be considered which “Quantum capacitance” is. Edge effect which is caused during fabrication for the deviation of true structure. In previous literature, it is quantum capacitance calculated by considering edge effect only . But another phenomena is also appeared when GNR is subjected to a considerable strain in fabrication. In this paper we will calculate bandgap, energy , quantum capacitance and gate delay by considering strained A-GNR for corresponding source voltage.
What kind of neural coding and self does Hurley's shared circuit model presuppose?

Susan Hurley's impressive article about the shared circuit model (SCM) raises two important issues. First, I suggest that the SCM presupposes relational coding rather than translational coding as neural code. Second, the SCM being the basis for self implies that the self may be characterized as format, relational, and embodied and embedded, rather than by specific and isolated higher-order cognitive contents.