Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Reciprocal Relationships and Trust on Sharia Cooperative Member Satisfaction

Cooperatives have a role as pillars of economic and social development of the community, but they still experience many internal and external challenges, including in managing the satisfaction of their members. This study answers these challenges through the application of Social Exchange Theory, with the aim of analyzing whether reciprocity and trust have influence on the satisfaction of cooperative members. The study gathered 200 respondents from nine sharia cooperatives in six provinces of Indonesia. Using multiple regression models, the collected data was tested and further analyzed using SPSS 24.0 Software. This research found that Reciprocity and Trust have a positive and significant influence on the Satisfaction of sharia cooperative members. This research provides empirical evidence for the application of Social Exchange Theory in explaining the factors influencing the satisfaction of cooperative members that was not studied before. Sharia cooperative management can apply the results of this research to improve cooperative performance by building mutually beneficial and trusting relationships with its members. The results of this study can be generalized to sharia cooperatives, while the application to conventional cooperatives needs to be further studied. Keywords: Reciprocity, Trust, Satisfaction, Shariah Cooperatives, Social Exchange Theory
Analysis of terrestrial and Martian volcanic compositions using thermal emission spectroscopy 2. Application to Martian surface spectra from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer

Atmospherically corrected thermal infrared spectra of large regions of the Martian surface from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (MGS TES) previously have been interpreted to represent two general spectral classes. One class represents a basalt to basaltic andesite composition, and the other class represents a basaltic andesite to andesite composition. We have performed new linear deconvolutions of the two Martian surface type spectra with an end-member set tailored to represent volcanic rock types. Our preparatory study of laboratory spectra of terrestrial volcanic rocks (acquired at 2 cm 21 sampling), convolved to TES spectral sampling (10 cm 21 ), shows little degradation in deconvolution results when compared to results acquired using the higher spectral resolution data, indicating that the deconvolution technique is valid for analyzing data at TES resolution. Our spectral fits to the Martian data agree well with previous models and do not exhibit any notable deviations from the Martian spectra that would indicate the absence of any significant end-members in our model. Modal mineralogies obtained with these new spectral fits also compare favorably (within the previously stated uncertainties) to prior results. The newly derived modal mineralogies are used with new and traditional classification schemes for volcanic igneous rocks (introduced in a companion paper (Wyatt et al., this issue)) to classify the Martian compositions. Our results substantiate the previously proposed hypothesis that these two spectral classes on the Martian surface represent volcanic compositions with distinguishable differences in silica content ranging from basalt to andesite.
Improved Ground Radiation Antenna Performance for a Vertically Attached PCB

A small, loop-type ground radiation antenna for 2.4-GHz WLAN applications in the complex ground with two vertically attached printed circuit boards (PCBs) was designed. In the presence of a vertical PCB (sub-PCB), the antennas in two different positions, far from and near the sub-PCB, were designed. The current distribution of the complex PCB was stronger near the sub-PCB. Therefore, the coupling between the antenna and the complex PCB was stronger when the antenna was located near the sub-PCB. The antenna close to the sub-PCB obtained more than twice the 3:1 VSWR bandwidth and the efficiency bandwidth than the distant antenna.
The diet of the black mongoose (Galerella Nigrata)(Carnivora: Herpestidae) in North-West (Hobatere Concession) and North-Central(Erongo Conservancy, Namibia

The black mongoose (Galerella nigrata) (Carnivora: Herpestidae) is a diurnal predator that favours rocky habitats. It is endemic to southwest Africa. Due to its elusive behaviour, the ecology of black mongoose has not been studied and only little ecological information is documented about this species. The general objective of this study was to determine the diet of the black mongoose from Erongo, north central and Hobatere in north-west Namibia through faecal analysis. Seventy one and 76 scats of black mongoose were collected from Hobatere and Erongo, respectively. Scats were broken up and washed through a 1mm mesh sieve. Prey remains were examined using a Vicker dissecting microscope. Based on faecal analysis, insecta was the principal food item in the diet of black mongoose (91.5% at Hobatere and 78.9% at Erongo). This study, therefore, suggests that the black mongoose is predominantly insectivorous but, also fed on small mammals, reptiles and birds. The results of the present study further revealed that the diet of the black mongoose varied between the two study sites. A chi square test revealed a highly significant difference in the percentage occurrence of the main prey categories occurred in the diet of the black mongoose at Hobatere and Erongo; χ9 = 323.00, P = 0.000; n = 10. Factors such as the dissimilarity in the composition of plants, the difference in prey composition at the study sites may have contributed to the variation in the diet. Orthoptera was the most prevalent prey while Isoptera was the least.
Assessment of tectonic activity in a seismically locked segment of Himachal Himalaya

Bilaspur (31° 23′ 586′′ N; 76° 45′ 178′′ E) lies in the south-west Himachal close to the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT). Neotectonic studies carried out in this region have revealed that the area is traversed by several faults, many of which may be active. GPS studies carried out in the entire Himalayan region indicate crustal shortening leading to strain accumulation. This is manifest in enhanced tectonic activity in the form of major and minor earthquakes. However, there are certain areas where stress release has not been witnessed and these areas can fail in large magnitude earthquakes in the future. Bilaspur lies in the zone of strain accumulation. This zone is building up a slip deficit at the rate of 14 ± 1 mm year−1. In the light of these revelations and the fact that Bilaspur houses one of the biggest water reservoirs of the country an attempt has been made to assess the implications of these observations.
Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors for heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Aims We sought to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF). Methods We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov till March 2023 to retrieve all randomized controlled trials of SGLT2i in patients with HFpEF or HFmrEF. Risk ratios (RRs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with their 95% conﬁdence intervals (95% CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Results We included data from 14 RCTs. SGLT2i reduced the risk of the primary composite endpoint of first HF hospitalization or cardiovascular death (RR 0.81, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.87; I2 = 0%); these results were consistent across the cohorts of HFmrEF and HFpEF patients. There was no significant decrease in the risk of cardiovascular death (RR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.13; I2 = 36%) and all-cause mortality (RR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.05; I2 = 0%). There was a significant improvement in the quality of life in the SGLT2i group (SMD 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.20; I2 = 51%). Conclusion The use of SGLT2i is associated with a lower risk of the primary composite outcome and a higher quality of life among HFpEF/HFmrEF patients. However, further research involving more extended follow-up periods is required to draw a comprehensive conclusion. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO (CRD42022364223).
Structural Evolution of Wilmington, California, Anticline

The structural evolution of the Wilmington anticline in the Los Angeles basin, California, began with middle Miocene folding which probably was not coincident with the present anticlinal axis. The ancestral fold was truncated prior to the start of late Miocene deposition. Uninterrupted sedimentation occurred throughout the late Miocene. No evidence of the present Wilmington anticline is seen prior to the deposition of the lower part of the Ranger zone. The source of sediment supply was in the northeast and the direction of transport, southwest. Growth of the Wilmington anticline was initiated in late Miocene, during deposition of the early Ranger zone. Most Ranger subzone isopachs reflect Ranger structure, and demonstrate continuous anticlinal growth during the early Repettian Stage of the Pliocene. Movement on the Long Beach Unit fault began during deposition of the Ranger X sand and culminated at the close of F sand deposition. The F sand was eroded and channeled by current action along and across the anticlinal axis prior to Fo sand deposition. The Fo sand was deposited as a lens-shaped body on the eroded F, and is present over a minimum 48-sq-mi (124.3 sq km) area. No evidence of structural growth during the deposition of this sand is present, in contrast to the other Ranger sands. The Fo is thought to be primarily a tractionite. Renewed uplift and additional movement on earlier faults occurred throughout the Repettian Stage. Uplift and truncation of the Repettian occurred prior to the deposition of the Pliocene Pico Formation. Southward tilting during the middle Pleistocene Pasadenan orogeny completed the Wilmington structural evolution.
Determining the Age of GLO-mapped Trail Networks: A GIS Analysis of Northern Iowa

Abstract Between 1833 and 1861, the Government Land Office (GLO) mapped almost 11,000 km of trails in Iowa. It is unknown if substantial portions of this GLO-mapped trail system predate the arrival of Euro-Americans; it is possible they were established in prehistory and used into the historical period. This Geographical Information Systems study compares a sample of archaeological sites within 1 km of the GLO trails in northern Iowa with a control sample. It was expected that GLO trails would be more common near Late Prehistoric sites if much of the GLO trail system was established before Euro-American arrival. Analysis indicates a relationship between GLO-mapped trails and Late Prehistoric, early historic Indian, and early historic Euro-American sites. Statistically, the connection between GLO trails and early historic Euro-American sites is by far the strongest; however, biases in the data suggest the association between Late Prehistoric and early historic Indian sites and GLO trails is underestimated.
Measuring cognitive load in augmented reality with physiological methods: A systematic review

Cognitive load during AR use has been measured conventionally by performance tests and subjective rating. With the growing interest in physiological measurement using non‐invasive biometric sensors, unbiased real‐time detection of cognitive load in AR is expected. However, a range of sensors and parameters are used in various subject fields, and reported results are fragmented.The aim of this review is to analyse systematically how physiological methods have been used to measure cognitive load and what the implications are for the future research on AR‐based tools.This paper took the systematic review approach. Through screening with 10 exclusion criteria, 23 studies, that contain 3 key elements: AR‐based intervention, cognitive state examination and physiological methods, were identified, analysed and synthesised.Physiological methods in their current form require reference to provide meaningful interpretations and suggestions. Therefore, they are often combined with conventional methods. Many studies investigate the effect of wearable devices in comparison with non‐AR stimuli, which has been controversial, but detection of different causes of cognitive load are on the horizon. Eye‐tracking is the method most used and most consistent in the use of its parameters.A multi‐method approach combining two or more evaluation instruments is essential for the validation of users' cognitive state. In addition to the AR stimuli in question, having another independent variable such as task difficulty in experiment design is useful. Statistical approaches with more data input could help establish a reliable scale. The future research should attempt to dissociate cognitive load caused by different effects such as device, instruction, and other AR techniques as well as intrinsic and extraneous aspects, in a better experimental setup with multiple parameters.
Anemia in HIV Patients Attending Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital: Prevalence, Morphological Classification, and Associated Factors

Purpose To determine the prevalence of anemia, the morphological classification and to assess the factors associated with anemia among HIV patients attending Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) clinic at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital. Methods This was a cross-sectional study among 340 participants attending the HAART clinic at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital. Participants were recruited using a simple random sampling technique. A complete blood count (CBC) was performed using the Sysmex XN-550 hematology analyzer. Thick films were made and examined for malaria parasites, while thin films were examined for the morphological classification of anemia. Bivariate and multivariate logistic analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 23). Results Out of the 340 study participants, 255 (75%) were females, and the median age was 39 years (range: 6–76 years). The overall prevalence of anemia among the study participants was 16.8% (95% CI 13.1–21.1). Normocytic normochromic anemia was the most prevalent form of anemia (47.4%). The logistic regression at multivariate analysis showed that age groups (18–27 years, p = 0.017; 28–37 years, p = 0.005; and ≥38 years, p = 0.009), divorced marital status (p = 0.024), the presence of chronic disease (p = 0.010), a family history of anemia (p = 0.007), and the presence of malaria in the past one month (p = 0.001), presence of opportunistic infection (OR = 58, p = 0.000), use of antihelminthic drug in the past 3 months (OR = 0.10, p = 0.003) and unsuppressed viral load (OR = 10.74, p = 0.000) had a significant association with anemia. Conclusion Anemia is prevalent in HIV/AIDS patients who receive treatment at Hoima Regional Referral Hospital. Age, marital status, the presence of chronic illnesses, a family history of anemia, experiencing malaria in the past 3 months, the presence of opportunistic infections, the use of antihelminthic drugs in the past 3 months, and an unsuppressed viral load were significantly associated with anemia.
Identification of Hub Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Their Association with Lung Cancer by Bioinformatics Analysis

Highlights What are the main findings? Identification of 1888 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), including 1105 upregulated and 783 downregulated genes. Discovery of 10 hub genes with high connectivity that may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of IPF, with implications for potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. What is the implication of the main finding? The study sheds light on the genetic landscape of IPF, uncovering potential key players in its development and progression. These identified hub genes have relevance beyond IPF, being expressed in lung cancer and associated with various stages of cancer progression, suggesting a link between IPF and lung cancer that could pave the way for improved diagnostics and therapies. Abstract Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible disease with a high mortality rate worldwide. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of IPF have not yet been fully described. Moreover, lung cancer is a significant complication of IPF and is associated with increased mortality. Nevertheless, identifying common genes involved in developing IPF and its progression to lung cancer remains an unmet need. The present study aimed to identify hub genes related to the development of IPF by meta-analysis. In addition, we analyzed their expression and their relationship with patients’ progression in lung cancer. Method: Microarray datasets GSE24206, GSE21369, GSE110147, GSE72073, and GSE32539 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Next, we conducted a series of bioinformatics analysis to explore possible hub genes in IPF and evaluated the expression of hub genes in lung cancer and their relationship with the progression of different stages of cancer. Results: A total of 1888 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 1105 upregulated and 783 downregulated genes. The 10 hub genes that exhibited a high degree of connectivity from the PPI network were identified. Analysis of the KEGG pathways showed that hub genes correlate with pathways such as the ECM–receptor interaction. Finally, we found that these hub genes are expressed in lung cancer and are associated with the progression of different stages of lung cancer. Conclusions: Based on the integration of GEO microarray datasets, the present study identified DEGs and hub genes that could play an essential role in the pathogenesis of IPF and its association with the development of lung cancer in these patients, which could be considered potential diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the disease.
Heat sources for mantle plumes

Melting anomalies in the Earth's upper mantle have often been attributed to the presence of mantle plumes that may originate in the lower mantle, possibly from the core‐mantle boundary. Globally, mantle plumes exhibit a large range in buoyancy flux that is proportional to their temperature and volume. Plumes with higher buoyancy fluxes should have higher temperatures and experience higher degrees of partial melting. This excess heat in mantle plumes could reflect either (1) an enrichment of the heat‐producing elements (HPE: U, Th, K) in their mantle source leading to an increase of heat production by radioactive decay, (2) material transport from core to mantle (either advective or diffusive), or (3) conductive heat transport across the core‐mantle boundary. The advective/diffusive transport of heat may result in a physical contribution of material from the core to the lower mantle. If core material is incorporated into the lower mantle, mantle plumes with a higher buoyancy flux should have higher core tracers, e.g., increased 186Os, 187Os, and Fe concentrations. Geophysical and dynamic modeling indicate that at least Afar, Easter, Hawaii, Louisville, and Samoa may all originate at the core‐mantle boundary. These plumes encompass the whole range of known buoyancy fluxes from 0.9 Mg s−1 (Afar) to 8.7 Mg s−1 (Hawaii), providing evidence that the buoyancy flux is largely independent of other geophysical parameters. In an effort to explore whether the heat‐producing elements are the cause of excess heat we looked for correlations between fractionation‐corrected concentrations of the HPE and buoyancy flux. Our results suggest that there is no correlation between HPE concentrations and buoyancy flux (with and without an additional correction for variable degrees of partial melting). As anticipated, K, Th, and U are positively correlated with each other (e.g., Hawaii, Iceland, and Galapagos have significantly lower concentrations than, e.g., Tristan da Cunha, the Canary Islands, and the Azores). We also find no correlation between Fe and buoyancy flux. The apparent lack of correlations suggests that excess heat may be a result of conductive heat contribution from the core or from the adjacent boundary layer. Thus, the formation of mantle plumes along the core‐mantle boundary may be largely controlled by distance of enriched material from the core‐mantle boundary.
Pyrotinib Combined with Vinorelbine in Patients with Previously Treated HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter, Single-arm, Prospective Study.

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new combination treatment of vinorelbine and pyrotinib in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and provide higher level evidence for clinical practice. Materials and Methods This was a prospective, single-arm, phase 2 trial conducted at three institutions in China. Patients with HER2-positive MBC, who had previously been treated with trastuzumab plus a taxane or trastuzumab plus pertuzumab combined with a chemotherapeutic agent, were enrolled between March 2020 and December 2021. All patients received pyrotinib 400mg orally once daily plus vinorelbine 25mg/m2 intravenously or 60-80mg/m2 orally on day 1 and day 8 of 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival, and safety. Results A total of 39 patients were enrolled. All patients had been pre-treated with trastuzumab and 23.1% (n=9) of them had accepted trastuzumab plus pertuzumab. The median follow-up time was 16.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3-27.2), and the median PFS was 6.4 months (95%CI, 4.0-8.8). The ORR was 43.6% (95% CI, 27.8%-60.4%) and the DCR was 84.6% (95% CI, 69.5%-94.1%). The median PFS of patients with versus without prior pertuzumab treatment was 4.6 and 8.3 months (P=0.017). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were diarrhea (28.2%), neutrophil count decreased (15.4%), white blood cell count decreased (7.7%), vomiting (5.1%), and anemia (2.6%). Conclusion Pyrotinib plus vinorelbine showed promising efficacy and tolerable toxicity as second-line treatment in patients with HER2-positive MBC.
Broadband twisted light beams generation using flat optics

In recent years, metasurfaces, a flat version of three-dimensional metamaterials, have become a versatile nanophotonics platform for unprecedented light manipulation. Amongst the numerous realizations of exotic optical phenomena through metasurfaces such as meta-lensing, meta-holography, and structured beams, Bessel beam generation caught significant attention due to its non-diffracting and self-healing nature. Bessel beams can be produced using various conventional methods, including spatial light modulators, composite holograms, and diffractive optical elements. These methods, however, are unfit to integrate with cutting-edge on-chip devices due to low throughput, polarization dependence, excessive bulkiness, and limited numerical aperture. In the method of generating Bessel beams through flat optics, the selection of suitable material is a crucial factor. Thus, due to constraints of inherent material properties, broadband operation with high efficiency remains challenging. Here, we demonstrated highly efficient broadband Bessel beams generating meta-devices in the visible domain using single-layer all-dielectric transmissive metasurfaces. The constituent nanoresonators of zinc sulfide (ZnS) are optimized for high-resolution phase modulation. ZnS offers the best-suited optical properties that ensure high transmission efficiency throughout the visible spectrum. To verify the proposed design technique, we realized single-element-driven meta-devices to generate Bessel beams with higher numerical apertures and different topological charges, illustrating their exceptional non-diffraction properties. For real-life applications like optical communication, the proposed design strategy could speed up consumer-level device implementation.